Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exfoliative dermatitis : clinical and etiologic study of 58 cases * Dermatite esfoliativa : estudo clínico-etiológico de 58 casos

BACKGROUND Exfoliative dermatitis is a cutaneous syndrome characterized by generalized exfoliation and erythema, which may be result from or be associated with pre-existing skin conditions, systemic diseases or drug reactions. OBJECTIVE To report the frequency of clinical features and causes associated with exfoliative dermatitis in patients seen at the Dermatology Section of the Hospital Universitário Regional do Norte do Paraná, Universidade Estadual de Londrina. METHODS Medical records from patients with diagnosis of exfoliative dermatitis seen at the Hospital Universitário Regional do Norte do Paraná were reviewed over a ten-year period. RESULTS A total of 58 patients with diagnosis of exfoliative dermatitis was assessed. Mean age was 56.89 years. The underlying disorder in 33 patients was a skin disease (psoriasis, 11 cases; contact dermatitis, 9 cases; congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, 3 cases; seborrheic dermatitis, 5 cases; atopic dermatitis, 3 cases; pityriasis rubra pilaris, 2 cases). Drug reactions were observed in 11 patients. Etiology could not be determined in 14 cases (24%). CONCLUSIONS In a sample of patients attending a reference dermatology center, exfoliative dermatitis was a rare condition, and in most cases it was related to skin diseases.
No 518 Loss evasion and tax aversion by Per Engström

The objective of this paper is to study if taxpayers behave in a loss averse manner when filing their tax returns. This is important for tax design but also for understanding human behavior in general. The predictions of prospect theory can be contrasted to those of expected utility theory. We use data for 3.6 million Swedish taxpayers for the income year 2006. Our research method is quasi-experimental using a regression kink and discontinuity approach. We also use an alternative instrumental-variables approach. There is strong evidence of loss aversion. We estimate the coefficient of loss aversion using actual behavior and the instrument-variables approach. Our estimate is very close to the estimates reported in the experimental literature.
Initial Late Probing For Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction, Rate Of Success And Factors Associated With Failure.

AIM: Evaluation of the efficacy of initial late probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction and identifying the risk factors associated with failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective interventional case series included 25 patients with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) aged 2 years or older, with no previous intervention. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings (epiphora, discharge, regurge test and FDDT). Probing of the nasolacrimal duct under general anesthesia was done. The presence of firm or hard resistance during probing of the nasolacrimal duct was recorded as a complex obstruction; otherwise the obstruction was recorded as simple one. Success was predefined as resolution of symptoms and signs that persisted 3 months postoperative. Another probing was done when necessary before considering the final outcome as failure. RESULTS: The age of patients ranged from 2-6 years (average age 2.96±0.81 years). Seven patients (28%) needed a second probing. The presence of chronic dacryocystitis was significantly associated with higher incidence of need for 2nd probing (66.7% P = 0.001*). The overall success rate was 84% (21 patients). The success of procedure was significantly lower in patients with complex obstruction (33.3% P = 0.011*). The outcome of probing was not affected by the age of the patients (P = 0.381). CONCLUSION: Initial late probing is a good option for older children with CNLDO. The presence of chronic dacryocystitis is associated with higher incidence of need for 2nd probing, while the complex obstruction is a risk factor associated with significantly lower success rate.
Viscosity regimes of homogeneous silicate melts

Abstract Extrapolation of laboratory measurements of the viscosity (η)of silicate melts is frequently needed in order to analyze petrological and volcanological processes. Therefore a general understanding of silicate melt viscosities is required. In this paper we survey the present state of our knowledge and distinguish three flow regimes for homogeneous silicate liquids: (1) a low-viscosity regime (η < 1 Pa·s), where the viscosity obeys a temperaturedependence power law in accordance with mode coupling theory (these low viscosities are typical for depolymerized melts); (2) an intermediate regime (1 < η< 1012 Pa·s), where silicate melt viscosity is determined by the availability of configurational states (the dependence of the viscosity on the temperature is described aptly by the configurational entropy theory of Adam-Gibbs); and (3) a high-viscosity regime, where the liquid has been transformed into a glass (η> 1012 Pa·s) (this regime is not well known, but available measurements indicate an Adam-Gibbs or an Arrhenian temperature dependence of the glass viscosity). Examples are given of igneous rocks whose geneses were affected by these flow regimes.
Using Text Network Analysis in Corpus Studies — A Comparative Study on the 2010 TU-154 Polish Air Force Presidential Plane Crash Newspaper Coverage

—This paper presents the results of a comparative study of corpora gathered from newspaper articles on the 2010 Polish Air Force TU-154 crash in Smolensk, Russia. We investigated the main concepts around which the narrative structure of the articles was built using the text network analysis. For the analysis we gathered articles from two mainstream Polish newspapers, Gazeta Wyborcza and Nasz Dziennik, and transformed the texts from the resulting corpora into corresponding graphs. Each graph consisted of nodes based on the words included in the text, and edges between the nodes based on the proximity relations between the words. Resulting graphs were then filtered to show the most important nodes, which acted as junctions for meaning circulation in the texts. After comparing the graphs from both corpora we found that the articles from Gazeta Wyborcza focused more on the aspects of Polish-Russian dialog, while articles from Nasz Dziennik focused on the national aspects of the tragedy. These findings show that the text network analysis can be successfully used as an alternative to other statistical corpus methods for discourse analysis.
Resistance to Plum pox virus (PPV) in Nicotiana benthamiana plants transformed with the PPV HC-Pro silencing suppressor gene

SUMMARY Resistance to Plum pox virus (PPV) was tested in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants containing a translatable construct derived from the full-length helper-component proteinase (HC-Pro) gene of PPV. Some of the lines tested showed a resistance characterized by a lack of systemic symptoms and viral RNA accumulation in systemic and inoculated leaves. Resistance was also effective against another closely related PPV strain, but not against other potyviruses such as Tobacco etch virus (TEV) and Potato virus Y (PVY). Resistance to PPV correlated with a lower accumulation of HC-Pro transgene mRNA and the accumulation of short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) derived from the transgene. Resistance to PPV also correlated with the trans-inactivation of a transiently expressed GUS gene, which shares homology with the 3’ portion of the HCPro transgene. These results indicate that the PPV resistance was caused by a post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) process promoted by the HC-Pro transgene, which can induce silencing under certain conditions despite encoding a suppressor of PTGS.
Morphology of the Invasive Amphiphyte Alternanthera Philoxeroides Under Different Water Levels and Nitrogen Concentrations

Water level fluctuation and inorganic nitrogen enrichment are two serious problems caused by anthropogenic disturbances in aquatic ecosystems. They cause resource fluctuation and thus might influence the invasive-ness of alien plants. Alternanthera philoxeroides is an amphibious and widespread clonal plant which exhibits significant invasiveness. This experimental study examined the plant's morphological traits under different nitrogen concentrations and water levels. The responses of A. philoxeroides to water levels and nitrogen concentrations were similar for both land-like and riverbank-like initial conditions. A. philoxeroides showed an escape strategy of shoot elongation when its growth was suppressed by shallow submergence. No toxic symptoms but increased clonal spread was observed at high nitrogen concentrations, suggesting that A. philoxeroides not only tolerated but benefitted from nitrogen-polluted water. High nitrogen level mitigated the negative effects of submergence on its leaf survival, thereby enhancing its adaptation to water level fluctuation. Such strong adaptability and clonal spread helps A. philoxeroides to grow and invade successfully in shallow eutrophic water.
Economics of Milk Production and its Constraints in Nagaland

This study was undertaken to determine the cost and returns from milk production and to identify the various constraints in milk production and marketing. The study was conducted in the Kohima and Dimapur districts of Nagaland state. Primary data was collected during 2010-11 from 120 milk-producing households. Tabular analysis was employed to work out the cost and returns from milk production while Garrett's Ranking Technique (GRT) was used to identify the major constraints in milk production and marketing. The overall average net maintenance cost per day for crossbred and local cows were worked out to be Rs. 80.46 and Rs. 41.04, respectively. The average daily milk yield of milch crossbred and local cows was 4.34 litres and 1.47 litres, respectively. The average costs of milk production for crossbred milch cows and local milch cows were Rs 18.52 and Rs 28.15 per litre, respectively. The net returns was found to be positive for crossbred cows while it was negative for local cows across all the categories of households. The constraints were studied separately for cooperative members and non-members. Low availability and high price of concentrate was the major production constraint in both member and nonmember households followed by lack of availability of green fodder. Low price of liquid milk was found to be the major marketing constraint among the cooperative members while delay in payment by unorganized sector was the major constraint in case of non-members.
Competitiveness and environmental policies in strategic environmental policy models

This paper discusses the issue of competitiveness and environmental regulation from the viewpoint of strategic environmental policy models. It demonstrates that the incentive for strategic policies is determined only by the reaction of the opponent. Furthermore, it shows that the conditions under which relatively strict environmental policies may lead to an increase in the profits of the domestic industry are rather artificial. The result depends in a rather complex way on the type of competition and several effects of research and development or environmental quality specification, and on the assumption that a unilateral policy is possible.
0 . 25 , 0 . 35 and 0 . 45 ) Films Prepared by the Sol-gel Method

High quality indium oxide and iron doped indium oxide nanocrystalline films were prepared by the sol-gel method followed by a spin coating technique. The samples were characterized by an X-ray diffractometer, an atomic force microscopy and a UV-vis spectroscopy. All samples had good crystallinity with a preferred orientation in the (222) direction. The crystallite size increased from 12.1 nm for the pure sample to 16.1 nm for the sample with x=0.35 and then decreased to 12.1 nm for the sample with x=0.45. All samples contained nanometer grain sizes with a smooth surface. All films showed a high transmission of over 91% in the wavelength range of 200-800 nm.
Universal GP Care in Ireland: Potential Cost Implications

In 2011, the Government made a commitment to the introduction of universal General Practitioner (GP) care, which they equated to the removal of fees for GP care. The aim of this paper is to quantify the potential cost implications of implementing universal GP care in Ireland. The analysis finds that universal GP care would add between 2 and 3.5 per cent to overall public healthcare expenditure and up to 1.2 per cent to total healthcare expenditure. While the introduction of universal GP care in Ireland would go some way to addressing limitations of the current system, other reforms may be required before universality can be achieved.
Sampling methods for evaluating yellowheaded spruce sawfly density and defoliation in juvenile black spruce stands

Field surveys were carried out in central Newfoundland to establish sampling procedures for evaluating the density of yellowheaded spruce sawfly, Pikonema alaskensis (Roh.) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), and associated defoliation in black spruce, Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP (Pinaceae), stands. Sampling defoliation only for shoots on the main branch axis and second-order branches in whorls 1, 2, and 4 explained more than 71% of the variation in estimates obtained by sampling all shoots on the branches. Sampling defoliation on a branch in whorls 1 and 2 (i.e., the leader and one branch in each of whorls 1 and 2) to evaluate tree-level defoliation explained more than 74% of the variation in defoliation in the two whorls combined. Cardinal direction influenced neither defoliation nor P. alaskensis density. Sampling the three most distally located one-year-old shoots of branches in whorls 2 and 4 accounted for more than 88% of the variation in P. alaskensis densities when all shoots on the branch were examined. Due to prolific dispersal by late-instar larvae from mid- and lower- to apical upper- crown branches, the leader, one whorl 1, and one whorl 2 branch were selected as the most appropriate sample unit for these instars. Relationships between the density of eggs and mid-instar larvae in whorls 2, 4, or both whorls combined, explained 21 to 49% of the variation in the density of late-instar larvae in whorls 1 and 2. Sampling branches in both whorls 2 and 4 may be necessary to account for seasonal variations in the distribution of eggs and/or mid-instar larvae within the crown of black spruce. Sampling methods provided by this study should facilitate the establishment of monitoring programs for P. alaskensis and associated defoliation in black spruce stands.
Economic analysis of application of phosphorus, single and dual inoculation of Rhizobium and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)

This study investigates the economic returns of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) by the use of phosphorus and biofertilizers [Rhizobium and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)] in Indian Punjab. The field experiments were conducted during Rabi 2013-14 and 2014-15 with combinations of four levels of phosphorus (0, 20, 30 and 40 kg P2O5 ha-1) and two/four biofertilizer treatments [uninoculated control and Rhizobium (LLR 12) + PGPR (RB 2)] in 2013-14, and uninoculated control, Rhizobium, PGPR and Rhizobium + PGPR in 2014-15) by replicating thrice. The use of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 provided the highest gross returns whereas net returns and B:C were highest at 30 kg P2O5 ha-1. The combination of Rhizobium + PGPR + 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 provided the highest gross returns (Rs. 45902) whereas Rhizobium + PGPR+ 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 provided the highest net returns (Rs 20620). Furthermore, the integrated use of Rhizobium + PGPR + 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 provided higher net returns (Rs 20620) and B:C (1.88) as compared to sole application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 (Rs 18792 and 1.72). Thus, there was a net saving of 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 with the use of Rhizobium + PGPR inoculation without sacrificing the economics returns.
Zooplankton ecology of the Bahuda estuary (Orissa), east coast of India

Ecology of zooplankton in Bahuda estuary, a shallow tidal estuary situated along the south Orissa coast, was investigated during December 1990-November 1992. Zooplankton volume, density, species composition and the relative abundance of major constituents showed well marked seasonal variations. The annual cycle showed bimodal oscillations with a major peak during May/June and secondary peak in November. The distribution of zooplankton was significantly influenced by variations in salinity. A total of 100 species of holoplankton and 7 meroplankton were encountered. Copepods constituted the most dominant group. They were represented by 58 species belonging to 32 genera of 25 families. Tintinnids formed the second richest group comprising 23 species. The other major holoplankters were ostracods, lucifers, amphipods. decapods, cladocerans, siphonophores, chaetognaths, dolioloids and salps. The monsoon season crop was represented by a mixture of some oligo-stenohaline, limnetic and euryhaline forms.
Semiclassical quantization of gravity I: Entropy of horizons and the area spectrum

The principle of equivalence provides a description of gravity in terms of the metric tensor and determines how gravity affects the light cone structure of the space-time. This, in turn, leads to the existence of observers (in any space-time) who do not have access to regions of space-time bounded by horizons. To take into account this generic possibility, it is necessary to demand that physical theories in a given coordinate system must be formulated entirely in terms of variables that an observer using that coordinate system can access. This principle is powerful enough to obtain the following results: (a) The action principle of gravity must be of such a structure that, in the semiclassical limit, the action of the unobserved degrees of freedom reduces to a boundary contribution $A_{\rm boundary}$ obtained by integrating a four divergence. (b) When the boundary is a horizon, $A_{\rm boundary}$ essentially reduces to a single, well-defined, term. (c) This boundary term must have a quantized spectrum with uniform spacing, $\Delta A_{boundary}=2\pi\hbar$, in the semiclassical limit. Using this principle in conjunction with the usual action principle in gravity, we show that: (i) The area of any one-way membrane is quantized. (ii) The information hidden by a one-way membrane leads to an entropy which is always one-fourth of the area of the membrane, in the leading order. (iii) In static space-times, the action for gravity can be given a purely thermodynamic interpretation and the Einstein equations have a formal similarity to laws of thermodynamics.
The cool state of water: Infrared insights into ice

Water is an extraordinary substance. It owes its characteristic anomalous properties to a network of strong hydrogen bonds present between water molecules. In ice, water molecules hold regular positions in the crystal. Nevertheless, the behaviour of ice can be dynamic and exciting, especially at the surface. At temperatures well below bulk melting, the surface of ice is covered by a liquid premelted layer. This water layer governs many geophysical processes and plays a role in the low friction of ice. This thesis describes several properties of ice and ice-related systems at the molecular level. For this purpose we have employed a variety of spectroscopic techniques and made use of stretching vibrations as sensitive probes of the molecular structure. The position, amplitude, and width of the stretching bands are utilized to describe the molecular properties and structure. The vibrational dynamics of water molecules in ice and hydrated salts are studied in Chapters 4 and 5. The surface properties of ice and the premelting of the surface are investigated in Chapters 6 and 7. Chapter 8 deals with the effects of resonant molecular couplings on the surfaces of ice and liquid water. In the last two chapters we studied the surface properties of water and oil emulsions. The effect of freezing water on the surface of oil droplets in water is investigated in Chapter 9. The surface structure of water droplets and ice nanocrystals immersed in a hydrophobic environment is discussed in Chapter 10.
Attitudinal impact of hybridized writing about a socioscientific issue

The development of scientifically literate citizens remains an important priority of science education; however, growing evidence of students' disenchantment with school science continues to challenge the realization of this aim. This triangulation mixed methods study investigated the learning experiences of 152 9th grade students as they participated in an online science-writing project on the socioscientific issue of biosecurity. Students wrote a series of hybridized scientific narratives, or BioStories, that integrate scientific information about biosecurity with narrative storylines. The students completed an online Likert-style questionnaire, the BioQuiz, which examined selected aspects of their attitudes toward science and science learning, prior to their participation in the project, and upon completion of the writing tasks. Statistical analyses of these results and interview data obtained from participating students suggest that hybridized writing about a socioscientific issue developed more positive attitudes toward science and science learning, particularly in terms of the students' interest and enjoyment. Implications for research and teaching are also discussed.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Adiponectin in glucose metabolism

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Non-Volatile N-Nitrosamines In Brewing Industry Part 1 . Arrising and methods of estimation

Současné poznatky o celkových N–nitrososloučeninách v pivu spolu s neustálým pokrokem v oblasti vývoje nových analytických instrumentálních metod umožňují podrobněji studovat jednotlivé zástupce tvořící tuto velmi různorodou skupinu látek. Členění nitrosaminů s ohledem na jejich fyzikálně-chemické vlastnosti a možnosti jejich výskytu v potravinách detailně popsal Tricker, 2000 a McWeeny, 1983. Zatímco skupinu těkavých N-nitrosaminů představují zejména N-nitrosodimethylamin (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamin (NDEA), N-nitrosodipropylamin (NDPA), N-nitrosodibutylamin (NDBA), N-nitrosopiperidin (NPIP), N-nitrosopyrrolidin (NPYR) a N-nitrosomorfolin (NMOR) a N-nitrosothiazolidin (NTHZ), skupinu netěkavých N-nitrosaminů tvoří kromě N-nitrososarkosinu (NSAR), N-nitrosoprolinu (NPRO) a N-nitrosohydroxyprolinu (NHPRO) i další N-nitrosované heterocyklické karboxylové kyseliny vzniklé kondenzací přítomných aminokyselin a jednoduchých aldehydů. Patří sem však též i N-nitrosované dipeptidy a polypeptidy a mnohé další látky. Mechanismus vzniku NSAR, NPRO a NHPRO v modelových roztocích studoval Janzowski et al., 1982. Sloučeniny, jež zahrnujeme mezi ATNC, tvoří různorodou skupinu, přičemž o poměr ném zastoupení jednotlivých látek toho zatím příliš známo není. Dle údajů Walterse et al., 1983, mohou tuto skupinu kromě N-nitrosaminů tvořit i N-nitrosamidy, N-nitrosoguanidiny, N-nitrosourethany a N-nitrososulfonamidy. Ačkoli jsou do skupiny nitrosaminů řazeny kromě N-nitrosaminů i C-, Oa S-nitrosaminy (Williams, 1988), hlavní pozornost je věnována zejména N-nitrosaminům s ohledem na jejich nežádoucí zdravotní účinky. Jak vyplývá z mnohých dietetických studií zaměřených na studium podílu ATNC na vzniku rakoviny, lze považovat jejich podíl na tomto onemocnění za prokázaný (Mc Weeny, 1983, Stuff et al., 2009, Kuhnle et al., 2007, Buiatti et al.,2006, Lynn et al., 2009, Wu at al., 2006, Bingham et al., 2002). Netěkavé N-nitrosaminy v pivovarství Část I. – Vznik a metody stanovení