Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The transport of proteins into the nucleus requires the 70-kilodalton heat shock protein or its cytosolic cognate

The 70-kDa heat shock protein hsp70 and its constitutively expressed cognate, hsc70, are abundant proteins implicated in a number of cellular processes. When a permeabilized cell system for examining the transport of proteins into the nucleus is depleted of hsc70 and hsp70, either by affinity chromatography on ATP-agarose or with antibodies against these proteins, nuclear transport activity is lost. Full activity is restored by the addition of HeLa proteins that bind to ATP-agarose. hsc70 and hsp70 are the active factors, since activity is also fully restored by the addition of either recombinant hsc70 or hsp70 which has been bacterially expressed and highly purified. The restoration of activity is saturable. The transport system requires other cytosolic factors as well, including at least one protein that is sensitive to inactivation by N-ethylmaleimide, but neither hsc70 nor hsp70 is the sensitive protein.
Bacteremia Caused by Solobacterium moorei in a Patient with Acute Proctitis and Carcinoma of the Cervix

ABSTRACT We describe a case of Solobacterium moorei bacteremia in a 43-year-old woman presenting with acute proctitis complicating radiotherapy for cervical carcinoma. Phenotypic tests failed to identify the bacterium, which was subsequently identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. 16S rRNA gene sequencing could help better define the pathogenicity of S. moorei.
Exacerbation of Autoantibody-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia by Viral Infection

ABSTRACT Strong enhancement of the pathogenicity of an antierythrocyte monoclonal antibody was observed after infection of mice with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus. While injection of the antierythrocyte antibody alone induced only moderate anemia, concomitant infection with this virus, which is harmless in most normal mice, led to a dramatic drop in the hematocrit and to death of infected animals. In vitro and in vivo analyses showed a dramatic increase in the ability of macrophages from infected mice to phagocytose antibody-coated erythrocytes. These results indicate that viruses can trigger the onset of autoimmune disease by enhancing the pathogenicity of autoantibodies. They may explain how unrelated viruses could be implicated in the etiology of autoantibody-mediated autoimmune diseases.
DETERMINANTS OF FINANCIAL WELL-BEING FOR GENERATION Y IN MALAYSIA

The purpose of this study is to identify the determinants that influence the state of financial wellbeing of Gen-Y in Malaysia. This study is done in response to a recent study by Asia Institute of Finance (2015) that discovers Gen-Y Malaysians have a mediocre financial literacy score. This study begins by understanding what the Asia Institute of Finance (2015) study discovers and who the Gen-Ys are. As there has not been a defining approach to determine financial well-being, this study adopts the measure of financial satisfaction as a proxy to it. Once the independent variable financial satisfaction and its independent variables; financial knowledge, financial management, financial planning, financial situation and financial status are being put into context, a survey consisting of Likert scale question on the aforementioned independent and dependent variables are sent to 206 Gen-Ys across Malaysia. The regression result concludes that financial knowledge and financial planning are two determinants that influence the financial satisfaction of Gen-Y Malaysians. There is no significant influence of financial management, financial situation and financial status on financial satisfaction. This study contributes to the bodies of research which have determined financial literacy, which both financial knowledge and financial planning is part of, to have an impact on an individual’s financial satisfaction. Key Terms: Financial Well-being, Financial Satisfaction, Financial Knowledge, Financial Management, Money Management, Financial Planning, Financial Situation, Financial Problem, Financial Status, Financial Habits, Financial Attitudes, Financial Behaviours, Financial Literacy, Millennials, Generation-Y, Malaysia
Comparison of clozapine use in Maryland and in Victoria, Australia.

OBJECTIVE Studies of how differences in systems of care, including cultural differences, affect prescribing practice and patient outcomes are important and can help answer questions such as the effectiveness of clozapine in routine practice. This study examined the use of clozapine in Maryland and in Victoria, Australia. METHODS This study used medical record data to examine the use of clozapine in January 2000 for people with schizophrenia in two different countries. Data were gathered from all six public inpatient facilities in Maryland and from the two main community outpatient centers in Victoria. Outpatients were studied in Victoria because Australia's inpatient mental health facilities have closed and people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia are managed exclusively as outpatients. RESULTS In Maryland 591 inpatients with schizophrenia were given a prescription for second-generation antipsychotics; in Victoria 356 outpatients with schizophrenia were given such a prescription. Among second-generation antipsychotics, clozapine was used significantly more frequently in Australia than in Maryland for the treatment of schizophrenia (173 prescriptions, or 49 percent, compared with 144 prescriptions, or 19 percent). Both systems used clozapine mostly for the treatment of schizophrenia (94 percent in Victoria compared with 88 percent in Maryland). The mean clozapine dosages that were used for the treatment of schizophrenia were significantly higher in Maryland than in Australia (522 mg per day compared with 431 mg per day). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences in use and dosages of clozapine were found in two populations that were similar in diagnoses and demographic characteristics.
Nondestructive Testing of the Delaminated Interface between Two Materials

We consider the problem of detecting whether two materials that should be in contact have separated or delaminated. The goal is to find an acoustic technique to detect the delamination. We model the delamination as a thin opening between two materials of different acoustic properties, and using asymptotic techniques we derive an asymptotic model where the delaminated region is replaced by jump conditions on the acoustic field and flux. The asymptotic model has potential singularities due to the edges of the delaminated region, and we show that the forward problem is well posed for a large class of possible delaminations. We then design a special linear sampling method (LSM) for detecting the shape of the delamination assuming that the background or undamaged state is known. Finally, we show by numerical experiments that our LSM can indeed determine the shape of delaminated regions.
Increased versican content is associated with tendinosis pathology in the patellar tendon of athletes with jumper's knee

Expansion of the extracellular matrix is a prominent but poorly characterized feature of tendinosis. The present study aimed to characterize the extent and distribution of the large aggregating proteoglycan versican in patients with patellar tendinosis. We obtained tendon from tendinopathy patients undergoing debridement of the patellar tendon and from controls undergoing intramedullary tibial nailing. Versican content was investigated by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Microvessel thickness and density were determined using computer‐assisted image analysis. Markers for smooth muscle actin, endothelial cells (CD31) and proliferating cells (Ki67) were examined immunohistochemically. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining revealed elevated versican content in the proximal patellar tendon of tendinosis patients (P=0.042). Versican content was enriched in regions of fibrocartilage metaplasia and fibroblast proliferation, as well as in the perivascular matrix of proliferating microvessels and within the media and intima of arterioles. Microvessel density was higher in tendinosis tissue compared with control tissue. Versican deposition is a prominent feature of patellar tendinosis. Because this molecule is not only a component of normal fibrocartilagenous matrices but also implicated in a variety of soft tissue pathologies, future studies should further detail both pathological and adaptive roles of versican in tendons.
Credit Default Swaps and Corporate Innovation

We show that credit default swap (CDS) trading on a firm's debt positively influences its technological innovation output measured by patents and patent citations. This positive effect is more pronounced in firms relying more on debt financing or being more subject to continuous monitoring by lenders prior to CDS trade initiation. Moreover, after CDS trade initiation, firms pursue more risky and original innovations and generate patents with higher economic value. Further analysis suggests that CDSs improve borrowing firms’ innovation output by enhancing lenders’ risk tolerance and borrowers’ risk- taking in the innovation process, rather than by increasing Research and Development (R&D) investment. Taken together, our findings reveal the real effects of CDSs on companies’ investments and technological progress.
Feature Extraction for Patch-Based Classification of Multispectral Earth Observation Images

Recently, various patch-based approaches have emerged for high and very high resolution multispectral image classification and indexing. This comes as a consequence of the most important particularity of multispectral data: objects are represented using several spectral bands that equally influence the classification process. In this letter, by using a patch-based approach, we are aiming at extracting descriptors that capture both spectral information and structural information. Using both the raw texture data and the high spectral resolution provided by the latest sensors, we propose enhanced image descriptors based on Gabor, spectral histograms, spectral indices, and bag-of-words framework. This approach leads to a scene classification that outperforms the results obtained when employing the initial image features. Experimental results on a WorldView-2 scene and also on a test collection of tiles created using Sentinel 2 data are presented. A detailed assessment of speed and precision was provided in comparison with state-of-the-art techniques. The broad applicability is guaranteed as the performances obtained for the two selected data sets are comparable, facilitating the exploration of previous and newly lunched satellite missions.
Occurrence and levels of nitrofuran metabolites in sea cucumber from Dalian, China

ABSTRACT The occurrence and levels of nitrofuran metabolites (NFMs) in sea cucumber (SC) from Dalian, China, are reported. Four metabolites including 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone (AMOZ), 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ), semicarbazide (SEM) and 1-aminohydantoin (AHD) in different SC products (fresh, instant and dry salted SCs) were measured. The frequency of occurrence for NFMs in all SC samples was 42.7%. The total NFM concentrations ranged from non-detectable to 64.6 ng g–1, with a mean of 3.59 ng g–1. AOZ and SEM were the dominant congeners, accounting for 40.1% and 59.1% of the total NFMs, respectively. The concentrations and patterns varied among different regions. Higher levels of NFMs were found in the fresh SC products, and the order for the average concentration of ∑4NFM was fresh > dry salted > instant.
Primary Tumor Excision in Stage IV Breast Cancer at Diagnosis without Influence on Survival: A Retrospective Analysis and Review of the Literature

Background: Patients with synchronous metastastic breast cancer and intact primary tumor traditionally undergo systemic treatment. Surgical intervention at the primary site is typically reserved for palliation and often replaceable by radiation. Nevertheless, local surgery in metastatic breast cancer has become an issue of great controversy since retrospective studies published during the recent years suggested a slight benefit from an operative procedure. We evaluated the effect of surgery on long-term survival and progression-free survival in synchronous stage IV breast cancer. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all breast cancer patients treated at our institution between 1986 and 2007. Information recorded for each patient included age, tumor characteristics, metastasis characteristics, therapy, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Survival data were compared between surgical and nonsurgical patients. Results: 61 patients with synchronous metastastic breast cancer and intact primary tumor were analyzed. 26 patients (43%) received no primary site surgery and 35 (57%) patients had surgery. Overall survival and progression-free survival determined via the Kaplan-Meier method showed no significant difference between the surgery and the non-surgery group. Conclusion: In patients with metastatic breast cancer, the operation of the primary tumor did not influence overall survival or progression-free survival.
Business Models for Technology-Intensive Supply Chains

Technology and intellectual property play increasingly critical roles in emerging supply chains by endowing products with sought-after capabilities. In such technology-intensive supply chains, the technology invented by an upstream firm must be embedded in a subsystem that is then integrated into a full system. The technology providers’ prevalent royalty-driven business model has gotten complicated in this multilateral supply chain, prompting formal research attention. Moreover, providers also consider forward integration into manufacturing to monetize their intellectual property. We characterize the appropriateness of different business model decisions for markets, which may have varying levels of consumer diversity and competitive intensity at intermediate layers. For the technology provider, our key results show that a subsystem base royalty approach is the optimal business model when dealing with monopolistic intermediaries or having a low degree of consumer diversity. However, a full-system base royalty business model becomes increasingly optimal when the intermediate supply chains face competition and consumer diversity increases. We present conditions under which the technology provider may want to forward integrate. Our formulation and results are relevant to technology providers, policy makers, and industry groups engaged in the prevailing heated global discussion on royalty base. This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
Cross-Listing in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Event-Study Examining Cost-of-Capital and Liquidity Effects

In this paper an event-study is conducted to investigate whether, in keeping with a substantial part of the finance literature, the shares of Sub-Saharan African firms experience a significant positive valuation effect (abnormal returns), around the date of a cross-listing event. Based on a sample of 16 firms in three home markets and five host markets, and using traditional event-study methodologies, the findings are that the events are associated with negative - although insignificant - average abnormal returns. This study also explores whether (in an event-study context) a four-factor model that includes an illiquidity-factor, a size-factor, and both home- and host-market systematic risk factors can provide a better estimation of the normal stock return-generating process, and concludes that the multi-factor model is not a better predictor of returns than a traditional market model. Finally, the paper examines whether cross-listing events in Sub-Saharan Africa result in changes in the cost-of-equity and liquidity of home-market firms, and home- and host-market exchanges. Contrary to the expectations of cross-listing theory, there is little evidence of a decline in the cost-of-capital, or of an increase in the liquidity of cross-listing firms in Sub-Saharan Africa, or that of their home- and host-markets.
Cardiac Toxicity in Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Users

AbstractSeveral classes of recreational and prescription drugs have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and the occurrence of arrhythmias, which may be involved in sudden deaths in chronic users even at therapeutic doses. The study presented herein focuses on pathological changes involving the heart, which may be caused by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use and their possible role in the occurrence of sudden cardiac death. A total of 40 cases were included in the study and were divided evenly into 2 groups: 20 cases of patients treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and 20 cases of sudden deaths involving patients void of any drug treatment. The first group included 16 patients treated with citalopram and 4 with sertraline. Autopsies, histology, biochemistry, and toxicology were performed in all cases. Pathological changes in selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor users consisted of various degrees of interstitial and perivascular fibrosis as well as a small degree of perineural fibrosis within the myocardium of the left ventricle. Within the limits of the small number of investigated cases, the results of this study seem to confirm former observations on this topic, suggesting that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may play a potential, causative role in the pathogenesis of sudden deaths in chronic users even at therapeutic concentrations.
Examining the Role of Paneth Cells in the Small Intestine by Lineage Ablation in Transgenic Mice*

The Paneth cell lineage is one of four epithelial lineages derived from the adult mouse small intestine’s multipotent stem cell. Mature Paneth cells secrete antimicrobial peptides (cryptdins), growth factors, as well as two gene products, a secreted phospholipase A2 and matrilysin, that has been implicated as modifiers of adenoma formation in mice containing a mutation in the tumor suppressor Apc. Immature Paneth cells are located just above and below the cell layer, in intestinal crypts, that has been proposed to contain the multipotent stem cell. Paneth cells differentiate during a downward migration to the crypt base. The location and direction of Paneth cell migration, their high density and long residency time at the crypt base, and the nature of their secreted gene products, suggest that they may influence the structure and/or function of the stem cell niche. Paneth cell ablation can therefore be viewed as an experimental manipulation of the cellular microenvironment that purportedly contains the stem cell and its immediate descendants. Two types of ablation experiments were performed in transgenic mice. Nucleotides −6500 to +34 of the mouse cryptdin-2 gene (CR2) were used to express an attenuated diphtheria toxin A fragment. Light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical analyses of several pedigrees of postnatal day 28 to 180 animals established that ablation of Paneth cells is accompanied by an increase in the proportion of undifferentiated crypt base columnar cells. These cells normally co-exist with Paneth cells. The ablation does not produce a detectable effect on the proliferation or terminal differentiation programs of the other three lineages or on host-microbial interactions. The last conclusion is based on the ability of crypts to remain free of microbes detectable by Gram and Warthin-Starry stains and by retention of the normal crypt-villus distribution of components of the diffuse gut-associated lymphoid tissue. CR2-directed expression of simian virus 40 large T antigen also results in a loss of mature Paneth cells but produces a marked amplification of crypt cells having a morphology intermediate between Paneth and granule goblet cells. EM immunohistochemical analyses suggest that intermediate cells can differentiate to mature goblet cells but not to Paneth cells, as they migrate up the crypt-villus axis. Our findings suggest that (i) stemness in the crypt is not defined by instructive interactions involving the Paneth cell; (ii) expressing a Paneth cell fate may require that precursors migrate to the crypt base; (iii) antimicrobial factors produced by Paneth cells are not required to prevent colonization of small intestinal crypts; and (iv) this lineage does not function to maintain the asymmetric crypt-villus distribution of components of the diffuse gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
CBT for insomnia in patients with high and low depressive symptom severity: adherence and clinical outcomes.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether depressive symptom severity leads to poorer response and perceived adherence to cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) and to examine the impact of CBTI on well-being, depressive symptom severity, and suicidal ideation. DESIGN Pre- to posttreatment case replication series comparing low depression (LowDep) and high depression (HiDep) groups (based on a cutoff of 14 on the Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]). PARTICIPANTS 127 men and 174 women referred for the treatment of insomnia. INTERVENTIONS Seven sessions of group CBTI. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Improvement in the insomnia severity, perceived energy, productivity, self-esteem, other aspects of wellbeing, and overall treatment satisfaction did not differ between the HiDep and LowDep groups (p > 0.14). HiDep patients reported lower adherence to a fixed rise time, restricting time in bed, and changing expectations about sleep (p < 0.05). HiDep participants experienced significant reductions in BDI, after removing the sleep item. Levels of suicidal ideation dropped significantly among patients with pretreatment elevations (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Results suggest that pre- to post CBTI improvements in insomnia symptoms, perceived energy, productivity, self-esteem, and other aspects of well-being were similar among patients with and without elevation in depressive symptom severity. Thus, the benefits of CBTI extend beyond insomnia and include improvements in non-sleep outcomes, such as overall well-being and depressive symptom severity, including suicidal ideation, among patients with baseline elevations. Results identify aspects of CBTI that may merit additional attention to further improve outcomes among patients with insomnia and elevated depressive symptom severity.
Does Mandatory IFRS Adoption Improve Market Efficiency in Emerging Stock Markets? Evidence from Saudi Arabia

Given that most emerging stock markets are inefficient, it is more reliable to test the observable benefits of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), in terms of improving market efficiency in general, rather than the value relevance of the information produced by the IFRS as it has been addressed in previous studies of emerging stock markets. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible impact of the adoption of IFRS on market efficiency in the Saudi stock market as a general indicator of the improvement of the informational content. The study uses the autocorrelation test and three unit root tests on the daily stock returns of three sectors, Banks and Financial Services, Petrochemical and Insurance sectors, from 2005 to 2014.The results reveal that the adoption of IFRS may have no impact on market efficiency in emerging stock markets. This highlights the importance of other institutional constituents of the stock market which could mitigate the possible benefits of adoption of IFRS for emerging economies.
Preventing Stroke in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Adults with atrial fibrillation are at an increased risk for stroke. New oral antithrombotic agents are now available to help prevent stroke and other thromboembolic events. This article provides an update on factors to consider when determining various treatment options for these high-risk patients in hopes of improving outcomes.