Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of complete remission and responses less than complete remission on survival in acute myeloid leukemia: a combined Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, Southwest Oncology Group, and M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Study.

PURPOSE It is known that complete remission (CR) prolongs survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In 2003, less stringent response categories were introduced, most notably CR with incomplete platelet recovery (CRp). Although the significance of CRp for survival remains unclear, reports of AML trials frequently combine CR with CRp rather than considering CR as a separate entity. PATIENTS AND METHODS This practice led us to retrospectively examine the effect of CR on outcome in newly diagnosed AML, by using data from 6,283 patients treated on Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) and Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) protocols or at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. This effect was then contrasted with the effect of CRp in the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center cohort. RESULTS At least 94% of patients receiving cytarabine-based therapy and surviving for more than 3 or 5 years achieved a CR with either initial or salvage therapy; limited data suggest the same for patients receiving initial therapies that did not contain cytarabine. Patients with CR were more likely to live beyond 3 or 5 years than patients with CRp. The likelihood of achieving a CR rather than CRp was greater for patients with AML who had better prognosis. After adjustment for covariates, the relapse-free survival of patients achieving CR was longer than that of patients achieving CRp, whereas patients with CRp survived longer than those with resistant disease. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that CR is of unique clinical significance and should be reported as separate response in trials of newly diagnosed AML. Nonetheless, our findings validate CRp as a clinically meaningful response.
Dietary exposure to nitrite and nitrosamines and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Taiwan

Previous studies of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have found elevated risks with higher consumption of salted fish and preserved foods, particularly during childhood. These foods can contain high levels of nitrosamines; however, most studies have not estimated exposure to nitrosamines directly. We conducted a case‐control study in Taiwan to evaluate dietary intakes and NPC risk. A total of 375 cases (99% response rate) and 327 controls (88% response rate) were interviewed about their diet as an adult and at age 10 using a food‐frequency questionnaire. We interviewed mothers of participants about their child's diet at age 10, age 3 and during weaning and the mother's diet while she was breast‐feeding. Mothers of 96 cases and 120 controls were interviewed. Nitrosamine and nitrite levels were assigned to 66 foods based on published values. Intake of nitrosamines and nitrite as an adult was not associated with risk of NPC. High intakes of nitrosamines and nitrite during childhood and weaning were associated with increased risks of NPC for foods other than soy products. Adjusted odds ratios for the highest quartile were 2.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8–5.6] for age 10, 2.6 (95% CI 1.0–7.0) for age 3 and 3.9 (95% CI 1.4–10.4) for weaning diet. Intakes of nitrite and nitrosamines from soybean products during childhood and weaning were inversely associated with risk. Soybeans contain known inhibitors of nitrosation, and thus may explain the inverse association we observed. Our results suggest that nitrosamine and nitrite intake during childhood may play a role in the development of NPC. Int. J. Cancer 86:603–609, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of the nucleoid and the early stages of DNA replication on positioning the division site in Bacillus subtilis

Although division site positioning in rod‐shaped bacteria is generally believed to occur through the combined effect of nucleoid occlusion and the Min system, several lines of evidence suggest the existence of additional mechanisms. Studies using outgrown spores of Bacillus subtilis have shown that inhibiting the early stages of DNA replication, leading up to assembly of the replisome at oriC, influences Z ring positioning. Here we examine whether Z ring formation at midcell under various conditions of DNA replication inhibition is solely the result of relief of nucleoid occlusion. We show that midcell Z rings form preferentially over unreplicated nucleoids that have a bilobed morphology (lowering DNA concentration at midcell), whereas acentral Z rings form beside a single‐lobed nucleoid. Remarkably however, when the DnaB replication initiation protein is inactivated midcell Z rings never form over bilobed nucleoids. Relieving nucleoid occlusion by deleting noc increased midcell Z ring frequency for all situations of DNA replication inhibition, however not to the same extent, with the DnaB‐inactivated strain having the lowest frequency of midcell Z rings. We propose an additional mechanism for Z ring positioning in which the division site becomes increasingly potentiated for Z ring formation as initiation of replication is progressively completed.
The Interval Structure of Optimal Disclosure

A sender persuades a receiver to accept a project by disclosing information about a payoff‐relevant quality. The receiver has private information about the quality, referred to as his type. We show that the sender‐optimal mechanism takes the form of nested intervals: each type accepts on an interval of qualities and a more optimistic type's interval contains a less optimistic type's interval. This nested‐interval structure offers a simple algorithm to solve for the optimal disclosure and connects our problem to the monopoly screening problem. The mechanism is optimal even if the sender conditions the disclosure mechanism on the receiver's reported type.
Osteopontin alters the functional profile of porcine microglia in vitro

OPN (osteopontin) is a secreted glycoprotein predominantly expressed in bone matrix and kidney tissue. More recently, a neuroprotective role has been attributed to this cytokine since it can be up‐regulated by microglia in neurodegeneration and inflammation. We demonstrate the expression of OPN within primary cultured microglia. Microglia incubated in vitro with different concentrations (0.1 fM–1 nM) of recombinant OPN showed increased proliferation at 10 fM. Moreover, conditioned medium of LLC‐PK1 cells, a pig renal epithelial cell line and a known source of secreted OPN, more than doubled the rate of proliferation of microglia. Addition of an anti‐OPN polyclonal antibody completely reversed this effect. Treatment with OPN dose‐dependently also inhibited microglial superoxide production. In contrast, phagocytosis of fluorescent‐labelled beads was enhanced by OPN. In conclusion, OPN shifts microglia, at least in vitro, to an alternative functional profile more fit to the immune‐balanced microenvironment of the CNS (central nervous system).
Evaluation of a nonradiometric system (BACTEC 9000 MB) for detection of mycobacteria in human clinical samples

This study was carried out to evaluate the rate of recovery and time required for detection of mycobacteria from pulmonary and extrapulmonary human clinical samples, by using a fluorescence-quenching-based oxygen sensor (BACTEC 9000 MB; Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Sparks, Md.). The results were compared with those obtained by microscopy, conventional culture in Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium, and a BACTEC radiometric system (BACTEC 460 TB; Becton Dickinson). Of the 779 clinical samples processed, 364 from pulmonary sites and 415 from extrapulmonary sites, 62 (7.9%) were positive for mycobacterial isolates; of the positive samples, 59 (95.1%) were detected with the fluorescent BACTEC 9000 MB system, 57 (91.9%) were detected with the radiometric system (BACTEC 460 TB), and 43 (69.3%) were detected with LJ conventional culture. The mean times to detection of all mycobacteria with BACTEC 9000 MB and BACTEC 460 TB were similar (10.3 and 10.0 days, respectively). The results obtained indicate that the nonradiometric BACTEC (BACTEC 9000 MB) system is as efficient as Bactec 460 TB and significantly more efficient than LJ for the rapid recovery of mycobacteria from both pulmonary and extrapulmonary clinical specimens. Though the BACTEC 9000 MB system is recommended for respiratory specimens, we demonstrated that it can be successfully used also for recovery of mycobacteria from clinical specimens from various extrapulmonary sites.
Radical Cystectomy Procedures in Fatmawati General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia: Preliminary Report

Background: Radical cystectomy (RC) and urinary diversion (UD) are among the most complex urological procedures with high postoperative morbidity, That caused only a few urologists are prepared to perform this operation. We dedicated to enroll this procedure since the number of bladder tumor cases is increasing in our third referral general hospital. We evaluate and analyze variables related to the surgical and direct post-operative outcomes of our initial experience of radical cystectomy.Methods: This retrospective descriptive study collected medical record of patients with RC in Fatmawati Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia from 2014-2016. All surgeries were performed by the same surgeon. Variables related to the surgical and postoperative outcomes and complications in the patients were analyzed.Results: There were 11 patients during this study period. The average age of the patients was 60.9 ± 9.6 years old with 7 male and 4 female patients. All patients underwent ileal conduit as urinary diversion. The mean operation time was 392.7 ± 117 minutes. The estimated blood loss was 1,272.7 ± 538.7 mL. No intraoperative death was recorded. The hospital stay length was 15.8 ± 8.3 days, visual analog scale (VAS) score in the first day after surgery was 2.7 ± 0.2, and the drain was kept in for 13.9 ± 7.4 days. All of the histopathology results were urothelial carcinomas.Conclusions: Our initial experience with radical cystectomy results in acceptable blood loss, manageable post-operative pain, and acceptable hospital stay. Therefore it is still a treatment of choice for muscle-invasive bladder cancer in our hospital.
Insertion of a genomic fragment of chromosome 19 between BCR intron 19 and ABL intron 1a in a chronic myeloid leukaemia patient with μ‐BCR‐ABL (e19a2) transcript

clinical severity of macrothrombocytopenia and anemia and are associated with variable skewed X inactivation. Human Molecular Genetics, 11, 147–152. Gurbuxani, S. , Vyas, P. & Crispino, J.D. (2003) Recent insights into the mechanisms of myeloid leukemogenesis in Down syndrome. Blood, 103, 399–406. Martyre, M.C. , Steunou, V. , LeBousse-Kerdiles, M.C. & Wietzerbin, J. (2003) Lack of alteration in GATA-1 expression in CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors from patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis. Blood, 101, 5087–5088; author reply, 5088–5089. Nichols, K.E. , Crispino, J.D. , Poncz, M. , White, J.G. , Orkin, S.H. , Maris, J.M. & Weiss, M.J. (2000) Familial dyserythropoietic anaemia and thrombocytopenia due to an inherited mutation in GATA1. Nature Genetics, 24, 266–270. Shivdasani, R.A. , Fujiwara, Y. , McDevitt, M.A. & Orkin, S.H. (1997) A lineage-selective knockout establishes the critical role of transcription factor GATA-1 in megakaryocyte growth and platelet development. EMBO Journal, 16, 3965–3973. Vannucchi, A.M., Bianchi, L. , Cellai, C. , Paoletti, F. , Rana, R.A. , Lorenzini, R. , Migliaccio, G. & Migliaccio, A.R. (2002) Development of myelofibrosis in mice genetically impaired for GATA-1 expression (GATA-1(low) mice). Blood, 100, 1123–1132. Vyas, P., Ault, K. , Jackson, C.W. , Orkin, S.H. & Shivdasani, R.A. (1999) Consequences of GATA-1 deficiency in megakaryocytes and platelets. Blood, 93, 2867–2875. Yu, C. , Niakan, K.K. , Matsushita, M. , Stamatoyannopoulos, G. , Orkin, S.H. & Raskind, W.H. (2002) X-linked thrombocytopenia with thalassemia from a mutation in the amino finger of GATA-1 affecting DNA binding rather than FOG-1 interaction. Blood, 100, 2040–2045.
NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS

We were unable to reveal significant difference in the levels of xanthine and methylxanthines in the urine samples from 59 patients diagnosed with autistic symptoms and 64 ageand sex-matched normal volunteers. Our data suggest that abnormalities in xanthine and methylxanthine excretion (US Patent 20020019406 A1, Feb. 12, 2002) represent distincly uncommon symptoms in autism.
Nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor expression in clinical pain disorders and functional effects in cultured neurons

Abstract The nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide receptor (NOP), activated by its endogenous peptide ligand nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ), exerts several effects including modulation of pain signalling. We have examined, for the first time, the tissue distribution of the NOP receptor in clinical visceral and somatic pain disorders by immunohistochemistry and assessed functional effects of NOP and &mgr;-opioid receptor activation in cultured human and rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Quantification of NOP-positive nerve fibres within the bladder suburothelium revealed a remarkable several-fold increase in detrusor overactivity (P < 0.0001) and painful bladder syndrome patient specimens (P = 0.0014) compared with controls. In postmortem control human DRG, 75% to 80% of small/medium neurons (⩽50 &mgr;m diameter) in the lumbar (somatic) and sacral (visceral) DRG were positive for NOP, and fewer large neurons; avulsion-injured cervical human DRG neurons showed similar numbers. NOP immunoreactivity was significantly decreased in injured peripheral nerves (P = 0.0004), and also in painful neuromas (P = 0.025). Calcium-imaging studies in cultured rat DRG neurons demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of capsaicin responses in the presence of N/OFQ, with an IC50 of 8.6 pM. In cultured human DRG neurons, 32% inhibition of capsaicin responses was observed in the presence of 1 pM N/OFQ (P < 0.001). The maximum inhibition of capsaicin responses was greater with N/OFQ than &mgr;-opioid receptor agonist DAMGO. Our findings highlight the potential of NOP agonists, particularly in urinary bladder overactivity and pain syndromes. The regulation of NOP expression in visceral and somatic sensory neurons by target-derived neurotrophic factors deserves further study, and the efficacy of NOP selective agonists in clinical trials.
Persistence of Indoxacarb on Cauliflower ( Brassica oleracea var. botrytis. L.) and Its Risk Assessment

A rapid, simple and an efficient method for the determination of indoxacarb in cauliflower and soil samples was developed and validated using QuEChERS technique (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe). Recoveries at four different spiking concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mg kg–1 ranged from 87 to 96% were achieved with good repeatability and RSD of 1% - 6%. The average initial deposits of 0.23 and 0.45 mg kg–1 were observed after last application of indoxacarb @ 52.2 and 104.4 g. a.i. ha–1 at recommended and double the recommended dosages, respectively. The residues in cauliflower dissipated below its LOQ of 0.01 mg kg–1 after 7 days and its half-life periods were observed to be 1.12 and 1.31 days, respectively, at single and double the dosages. Keeping in view 80 g consumption of cauliflower curds per day for a 55 kg person, theoretical maximum residue contribution (TMRC) of indoxacarb when calculated from maximum residues observed on 0 day samples at recommended and double the recommended dosages, respectively, were found to be 20.8 and 36.8 µg in comparison to its acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 550 µg, which is quite safe.
Effect of Modification with Phenol Formaldehyde Resin on the Mechanical Properties of Wood from Chinese Fir

Samples of Chinese fir were treated with either low-molecular-weight or commercial phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins. The macro- and micromechanical properties of the treated and untreated samples were determined. The average longitudinal tensile modulus of elasticity (MOE) was 30.88% larger for the samples treated with the low-molecular-weight PF resin than it was for the untreated samples. The average MOE of the samples treated with the commercial PF resin was 29.84% less than that of the untreated samples. The micromechanical properties of the samples were investigated through nanoindentation studies. For the samples modified with low-molecular-weight PF resin, the values of average MOE and hardness were 32.94 and 32.93%, respectively, greater than those of the untreated samples. In contrast, the average MOE and hardness values were 11.99 and 18.14%, respectively, greater for the samples modified with commercial PF resin compared to the untreated samples. It could be inferred that the low-molecular-weight PF resin was able to diffuse into the nanopores in the S2 layer of the tracheid cell wall of the Chinese fir, thereby improving its macromechanical properties. Modification with low-molecular-weight PF resin was an effective way to enhance the longitudinal macromechanical properties of wood from the Chinese fir.
Dynamique de la mémoire au cours du développement post-natal, étude chez le raton

Les deux aspects essentiels de la memoire sont la formation de la trace et la retention du souvenir a long terme. Afin de comprendre ces processus, nous avons etudie leur mise en place au cours de l'ontogenese. Chez le raton, nous avons montre que : 1) ERK1/2 et la synthese de nouvelles proteines sont necessaires a la consolidation et reconsolidation des 3 jours postnatals ; 2) les cinetiques de stabilisation de la memoire raccourcissent au cours du developpement post-natal ; 3) une memoire precoce peut s'inverser avec l'âge ; 4) la capacite de retention a tres long terme apparait pendant une periode critique (une semaine avant le sevrage). Il semble donc que la memoire precoce implique des mecanismes moleculaires similaires a ceux observes chez l'adulte, mais sa dynamique evolue au cours du developpement post-natal.
How Do Employees Respond to the CSR Initiatives of their Organizations: Empirical Evidence from Developing Countries

This research presents a new perspective of social exchange to explain the employee responses to corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities of their organizations. In particular, the current study aims to explore the social exchange based mediation mechanism between CSR actions and employee turnover intentions. Considering this theory, we propose that organizational trust is the primary outcome of CSR, which in turn influences the affective organizational commitment (AOC) and reduces the turnover intentions (TOI) of employees. Moreover, we posit that different types of CSR actions have different effects on employees due to their relative importance. To test the suggested research model, we analyzed the data collected on 304 employees working in the Star hotel in South Asia. Results of the study demonstrate the organizational trust to be a mediator between CSR and AOC and that CSR negatively impacts the turnover intentions of employees through the mediation of trust and AOC. Moreover, the results show the relevance of examining the disaggregated effects of different types of CSR actions on employees’ turnover intention. The study concludes with implications for future research and for policy-makers.
CsA LEVELS IN THE EARLY POSTTRANSPLANT PERIOD—PREDICTIVE OF CHRONIC REJECTION IN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION?

The increasing success of clinical liver transplantation has brought rejection to the forefront as a cause of morbidity and graft loss. The relationship of immunosuppressive drug doses and levels to acute and chronic rejection remains a matter of debate. The effect of blood CsA levels and drug doses on the incidence of acute and chronic rejection and the impact of acute rejection episodes on the occurrence of chronic rejection were studied in 146 grafts in 132 patients. These patients were transplanted in the 4-year period from June 1989 using CsA-based immunosuppression (CsA, azathioprine, prednisolone). Liver grafts in patients maintained on median CsA levels (whole blood, trough level) of >175 μg/L in the first 28 days post-transplant had a significantly lower incidence of chronic rejection (2 out of 49 vs. 22 out of 97; P=0.002). There was no significant difference in incidence of graft loss due to fatal sepsis (6% vs. 5%) or nephrotoxicity between the high and low CsA level groups. The overall graft loss rate was lower in the higher CsA level group (22% vs. 37%). The total doses of the individual drugs did not correlate with the incidence of acute or chronic rejection. Although the occurrence of acute rejection itself did not determine later chronic rejection, late occurrence (P<0.00001) and multiple episodes (two or more; P=0.0002) of acute rejection were significant risk factors for the occurrence of chronic rejection. We conclude that to minimize graft loss to rejection, CsA levels should be maintained at greater than 175 μg/L in the early posttransplant period, and late and recurrent episodes of acute rejection should be prevented.
Sequence Variations within PrfA DNA Binding Sites and Effects on Listeria monocytogenes Virulence Gene Expression

ABSTRACT Reporter gene fusions were used to investigate the contributions of PrfA DNA binding sites to Listeria monocytogenes virulence gene expression. Our results suggest that the DNA sequence of PrfA binding sites determines the levels of expression of certain virulence genes, such as hly and mpl. Other virulence genes, such as actA and plcB, may depend upon additional factors for full regulation of gene expression.
Dynamic Energy based Method for Progressive Collapse Analysis

Physics based collapse simulations of moment resisting steel frame buildings are presented with an emphasis on the development of energy flow relationships. It is proposed that energy flow during progressive collapse can be used in evaluation of moment resisting, steel frame building behavior and specifically, localized failure. If a collapsing structure is capable of attaining a stable energy state through absorption of gravitational energy, then collapse will be arrested. Otherwise, if a deficit in energy dissipation develops, the unabsorbed portion of released gravitational energy is converted into kinetic energy and collapse propagates from unstable state to unstable state until total failure occurs. The energy absorption of individual members provides very transparent information on structural behavior as opposed to oscillating internal dynamic forces in structural members. Therefore, critical energy absorption capacity is hereby proposed as a stable failure criterion in progressive collapse analysis. Energy flow quantification is shown to be readily available from the dynamic finite element simulations. The proposed dynamic, energy based approach to progressive collapse, provides insight and a simple yet robust analysis for producing structures capable of resisting abnormal loadings and/or unexpected hazards. © 2009 ASCE.
Measuring students’ sense of connectedness with school

The current emphasis on performance outcomes in schools has threatened to eclipse the importance of social connectedness as an antecedent to student success. Presented is an instrument designed to measure student sense of connectedness with school based on relevant dimensions provided in the literature: student sense of belonging, engagement, expected learning, and trust. Drawing on data from over 3,000 US students from six high schools, exploratory factor analysis yielded six latent factors based on 31 of 46 original items: students’ sense of belonging with peers; teacher support; fairness and safety; academic engagement; engagement in the broader community; and relatedness of self with school. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded acceptable preliminary fit measures. Preliminary path analyses suggest that students’ sense of relatedness with school mediates their relative propensity toward academic engagement, with the other factors antecedent. Schools seeking to obtain reliable measures of students’ sense of connectedness with school will find the instrument a valuable resource for prioritizing their efforts.