Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CARBOHYDRATES, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN PULP AND PEEL OF 15 BANANA CULTIVARS

The aim of this study was to quantify and compare the levels of carbohydrates and phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity in the pulp and peel of 15 banana cultivars in two ripening stages. Four bunches per cultivar were harvested in the pre-climacteric stage, six fruits were used by sample unit. Fruits were analyzed in the pre-climacteric stage and after ripening. Total, reducing and non-reducing soluble sugars, starch, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were evaluated. Cultivar and ripening stage influenced all characteristics analyzed. Unripe pulp and peel had small percentage of sugar, but high percentage of starch, especially ‘Terrinha’ and ‘Marmelo’ cultivars. AAB and ABB cultivars presented the highest percentages of starch, when compared to AA and AAA cultivars. For the phenolic compounds, the highest content was observed in ripe peel, followed by ripe pulp and unripe peel and pulp, highlighting ‘Terrinha’ cultivar in all parts and stages evaluated. The antioxidant potential was higher in ripe peel, followed by unripe peel, ripe and unripe pulp. Fruits of Terrinha, Marmelo, Maca, Ouro and Caru-Verde cultivars showed the highest carbohydrate contents, and phenolic compounds or antioxidant activity, justifying future actions in the expansion of planting and consumption of these fruits.
Structural position of H2O molecules and hydrogen bonding in anomalous 11 Å tobermorite

Abstract For the first time, the structure and dynamics of H2O in the interlayer of anomalous 11 Å tobermorite have been analyzed based on ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The simulations provide detailed information on the structure of the hydrogen bonds formed by H2O molecules and OH groups. The calculated structural parameters of the tobermorite building blocks are in good agreement with the experimental model of Merlino et al. (1999), which is based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. However, in contrast to the measurements, the simulations suggest that the W1 and W3 sites are split between two general positions with 50% occupancy. It is proposed that the experimental studies provide only averaged coordinates of these sites due to the limitations imposed by the polytypic structures. Analysis of the H2O dynamics at 321 and 506 K suggest the possibility of a temperature induced order-disorder transition associated with the orientation of O6H···W1 and O6H···W3 hydrogen bonds in the structure of anomalous 11 Å tobermorite. The experimental IR and Raman spectra of 11 Å tobermorite are interpreted based on analyses of the vibrational density of states.
Prevalence and CD4 Cell Count Pattern of TB Co-infection Among HIV Infected Individuals In Nepal

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodefi ciency Virus (HIV) infections are two major public health problems in many parts of the world, particularly in developing counties like Nepal. The objective of the study is to find out prevalence and clinical presentation of the TB co-infection among HIV infected individuals and pattern of CD4 cell count in relation to types of TB and response of ART. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in three VCT clinics from Dharan and Kathmandu from April 2010 to March 2011. The appropriate samples, 313 HIV individuals were taken as study sample. Results: The study revealed that more than 36% of individuals were co-infected with TB. Among them, nearly 65% had pulmonary TB, more than one-forth had gland TB. There is signifi cant association of TB co-infection among male compared to females (P=0.021). Fever, weight loss and cough were found to have signifi cant symptoms associated with TB-HIV co-infection. The average CD4 count among TB co-infected population was signifi cantly less compared to uninfected ones just before starting ART (P=0.022) and even after six months (P=0.001). After one year of ART continuation, there was no signifi cant association on average CD4 count among the two groups. But then, the mean CD4 count became more in TB co-infected individuals compared to those who had no TB co-infection. Conclusion: TB-HIV co-infection is an emerging medical issue in Nepal. More than one third of HIV patients are co-infected with TB. Consideration of TB need to be made while caring patients with HIV infection and vice versa. ART plays very important role in increasing CD4 cell count among TB-HIV coinfected patients. SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases & HIV/AIDS; 2013; X(1); 27-36 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/saarctb.v10i1. 8674
Cardiovascular Risk Factors in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients: The Impact of Conventional Dialysis versus Online-Hemodiafiltration

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients present high incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events, which are the most common causes of death in these patients. The occurrence of CV events appears as a consequence of the high prevalence of traditional and non- traditional CV risk factors. Online-hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) was introduced as a better alternative to conventional dialysis, as it was proposed to be more biocompat - ible, to increase dialysis efficacy, to reduce the inflammatory response to treatment and to improve patient’s quality of life, contributing to reduce CV and all-cause mortality risk in ESRD. However, data in literature, comparing the effect of OL-HDF with con ventional dialysis for clinical CV outcome and all-cause mortality, yielded controversy about those benefits of OL-HFD over standard hemodialysis. A review of the tradi tional CV risk factors (e.g., arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obe - sity, smoking and advanced age), non-traditional risk factors (e.g., anemia, oxidative stress, hyperphosphatemia, endothelial dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy, insu - lin resistance, high levels of lipoprotein(a) and inflammation) and potential renocardio vascular biomarkers, in the setting of ESRD, is presented. The impact of conventional hemodialysis and OL-HDF on CV risk factors and on the outcome of ESRD patients is also addressed.
The Nordfjord-Sogn Detachment, W. Norway

In western Norway thick continental sediments of Devonian age are found in four basins each bounded to the east by major fault zones. Shallowly dipping fault segments previously identified as thrusts have recently been reinterpreted (Hossack 1984) as parts of a single large extensional fault. Detailed fieldwork along this structure shows it to be a classic detachment (here redefined and renamed as the Nordfjord­ Sogn Detachment) similar to those described from the Basin and Range province of the western USA (e.g. Davis 1983). Most of the features attributed to a late Devonian 'Svalbardian' 'Solundian' orogeny are explained as related to irregularities in the detachrnent surface. Other possible Devonian extensional structures in southern Norway are evaluated.
CAPRICORN: Using Intelligent Agents and Interoperable Simulation for Supporting Country Reconstruction

This paper proposes the development of conceptual models to used in a simulator for supporting operational planners in country reconstruction within complex scenarios affected by natural disasters, asymmetric warfare, crisis etc. The authors developed for this context a a special kind of IA (Intelligent Agents) driving CGF (Computer Generated Forces) able to consider the human aspects as well as the impact of social networks on this context as further development of their IA-CGF. In this paper the authors propose the general architecture of the simulator objects, in their structures, attributes and methods as required to model this kind of applications.
A hybrid regularized inversion methodology for highly parameterized environmental models

A hybrid approach to the regularized inversion of highly parameterized environmental models is described. The method is based on constructing a highly parameterized base model, calculating base parameter sensitivities, and decomposing the base parameter normal matrix into eigenvectors representing principal orthogonal directions in parameter space. The decomposition is used to construct super parameters. Super parameters are factors by which principal eigenvectors of the base parameter normal matrix are multiplied in order to minimize a composite least squares objective function. These eigenvectors define orthogonal axes of a parameter subspace for which information is available from the calibration data. The coordinates of the solution are sought within this subspace. Super parameters are estimated using a regularized nonlinear Gauss‐Marquardt‐Levenberg scheme. Though super parameters are estimated, Tikhonov regularization constraints are imposed on base parameters. Tikhonov regularization mitigates over fitting and promotes the estimation of reasonable base parameters. Use of a large number of base parameters enables the inversion process to be receptive to the information content of the calibration data, including aspects pertaining to small‐scale parameter variations. Because the number of super parameters sustainable by the calibration data may be far less than the number of base parameters used to define the original problem, the computational burden for solution of the inverse problem is reduced. The hybrid methodology is described and applied to a simple synthetic groundwater flow model. It is then applied to a real‐world groundwater flow and contaminant transport model. The approach and programs described are applicable to a range of modeling disciplines.
Characterizing gravitational instability in turbulent multicomponent galactic discs

Gravitational instabilities play an important role in galaxy evolution and in shaping the interstellar medium (ISM). The ISM is observed to be highly turbulent, meaning that observables like the gas surface density and velocity dispersion depend on the size of the region over which they are measured. In this work, we investigate, using simulations of Milky Way-like disc galaxies with a resolution of ∼ 9 pc, the nature of turbulence in the ISM and how this affects the gravitational stability of galaxies. By accounting for the measured average turbulent scalings of the density and velocity fields in the stability analysis, we can more robustly characterize the average level of stability of the galaxies as a function of scale, and in a straightforward manner identify scales prone to fragmentation. Furthermore, we find that the stability of a disc with feedback-driven turbulence can be well described by a ‘Toomre-like' Q stability criterion on all scales, whereas the classical Q can formally lose its meaning on small scales if violent disc instabilities occur in models lacking pressure support from stellar feedback.
Using metadata to bring buyers closer to agricultural e-markets

The rapid adoption of e-commerce practices and technologies from agricultural firms is expected to lead to a large number of e-markets of different types and forms, which will in turn offer a variety of agricultural products to the online buyers. Due to the information overload, it may be difficult and timeconsuming for online buyers to search, locate, compare and select appropriate agricultural e-markets. In this context, this paper presents a metadata model able to store the main characteristics of agricultural emarkets from the online buyers’ perspective. This model has been developed using the metadata standard Dublic Core (DC) as its basis, and is termed as DC e-markets (DC-EM) model. The DC-EM model is generally aimed for e-markets description and classification. In this paper, its application in the case of agricultural e-markets is discussed. The structure and elements of DC-EM model are described, and indicative results from examining 45 agricultural e-markets are presented.
Modelling the adoption of automatic milking systems in Noord-Holland

Innovation and new technology adoption represent two central elements for the business and industry development process in agriculture. One of the most relevant innovations in dairy farms is the robotisation of the milking process through the adoption of Automatic Milking Systems (AMS). The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of selected Common Agricultural Policy measures on the adoption of AMS in dairy farms. The model developed is a dynamic farm-household model that is able to simulate the adoption of AMS taking into account the allocation of productive factors between on-farm and off-farm activities. The model simulates the decision to replace a traditional milking system with AMS using a Real Options approach that allows farmers to choose the optimal timing of investments. Results show that the adoption of AMS, and the timing of such a decision, is strongly affected by policy uncertainty and market conditions. The effect of this uncertainty is to postpone the decision to adopt the new technology until farmers have gathered enough information to reduce the negative effects of the technological lock-in. AMS adoption results in an increase in farm size and herd size due to the reduction in the labour required for milking operations.
An Analysis of Brand Image, Perceived Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Re-purchase Intention in Iranian Department Stores

Today more than ever customer orientation as the most important competitive advantage has gained an increasing importance. This paper aims to examine the relation between store image, perceived quality, customer satisfaction, and re-purchase intention in Iranian department stores. This is a descriptive survey study. The statistical population of the research is composed of customers of the three major chain department stores in Iran. The sample size estimated to be 1227. Data gathering instrument was a self administered questionnaire and structural equation modeling (SEM) is used for the data analysis. Findings indicate that in Iranian department stores perceived quality affects store image, customer satisfaction, and re-purchase intention. Also customer satisfaction affects repurchase intention. Moreover, the store brand image affects customer satisfaction.
Frequency of BCR-ABL 1 splice variants in Bosnian patients with chronic myeloid leukemia

Objectives: To calculate the frequency of BCR-ABL1 splice variants (e14a2, e13a2 and e1a2) in a group of Bosnian patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and compare it with the data reported in other populations. Comparisons between cytogenetic and therapy outcomes in patients with BCR-ABL1 e13a2 and e14a2 transcripts was also aim of this study. Methods: Forty six (46) CML patients, hospitalized at the University Clinical Center Tuzla, were subjected to cytogenetic and RTPCR analysis. Results: Out of 46 patients, 33 (72%) patients expressed e14a2, followed by e13a2 seen in 10 (22%) patients. Two patients (4%) displayed both e14a2 and e1a2 forms of BCR-ABL1. One patient (2%) showed e1a2 transcript of BCR-ABL1. In a subgroup of 19 CML patients, treated with Imatinib, patients with e13a2 transcript had higher complete cytogenetic response (CCgR) compared to those with e14a2 transcript. Conclusion: The frequency of BCR-ABL1 e13a2 and e14a2 molecular isoform in patients with CML included in our research is in concordance with other researches. Continuation of the study with a larger number of patients is required to confirm these preliminary observations.
The ACS survey of Galactic globular clusters – XIV. Bayesian single-population analysis of 69 globular clusters

We use Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging from the ACS Treasury Survey to determine fits for single population isochrones of 69 Galactic globular clusters. Using robust Bayesian analysis techniques, we simultaneously determine ages, distances, absorptions, and helium values for each cluster under the scenario of a "single" stellar population on model grids with solar ratio heavy element abundances. The set of cluster parameters is determined in a consistent and reproducible manner for all clusters using the Bayesian analysis suite BASE-9. Our results are used to re-visit the age-metallicity relation. We find correlations with helium and several other parameters such as metallicity, binary fraction, and proxies for cluster mass. The helium abundances of the clusters are also considered in the context of CNO abundances and the multiple population scenario.
Effect of early rehabilitation nursing care after emergency PCI on hemodynamics and serum inflammatory factors in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)

Objective: To analyse the effect of early rehabilitation nursing after emergency PCI on hemodynamics, quality of life, serum inflammatory factors, lipoprotein related phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), IL-6 and TNF-α in patients with AMI. Methods: 120 cases of AMI patients treated with PCI were enrolled and divided into control group and study group according to the visiting sequence, and with 60 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing care, while patients received early rehabilitation nursing in the study group. Postoperative hemodynamics, quality of life, levels of serum inflammatory factors, lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), IL-6 and TNF-α were compared between the two groups. Results: Before the intervention, there were no significant differences between the two groups in cardiac output, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and heart rate (p>0.05). After the intervention, cardiac output of patients in the two groups significantly increased (p 0.05). Before the intervention, there was no significant difference on the quality of life and pain scores between the two groups (P>0.05). After the intervention, quality of life scores increased significantly and pain scores decreased significantly in the two groups (P 0.05). After the intervention, the levels of serum Lp-PLA2, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Early rehabilitation nursing care after emergency PCI in patients with AMI can improve hemodynamics and the quality of life. It can also reduce serum Lp-PLA2, IL-6 and TNF- levels and has certain clinical application value.
Route Educational and Social Science Journal

Listening is a multi-faceted process which involves three interrelated processes. The processes involved in listening to incoming auditory message are perceptual processing, parsing and comprehension. All these processes have an important role in listening and especially parsing of the incoming message requires both syntactic and lexical knowledge, as well as effective use of listening strategies. In this paper, the aim is to investigate the role of syntactic knowledge, vocabulary knowledge and listening strategy use on listening comprehension. The study was conducted with 73 EFL students at three different proficiency levels assessed by a Michigan Placement Test. In the study, the effects of syntactic knowledge, vocabulary breadth and reported listening strategy use on listening comprehension were investigated using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that vocabulary knowledge is the strongest predictor of listening comprehension. As participants’ vocabulary knowledge increased, their listening comprehension scores also increased, and the positive correlation was found to be 0,710. The second strongest predictor of listening comprehension is syntactic knowledge, which had correlated with listening comprehension positively at 0,705. Reported strategy used did not correlate with listening comprehension. Based on this findings, multiple regression analyses were conducted and it was found that vocabulary knowledge, on its own, explained 49.6% of the variance. The combined impact of vocabulary and grammar knowledge on listening comprehension explained 55.6% of the variance. The study showed that vocabulary knowledge and syntactic knowledge have strong impact on listening comprehension. The results of this study are in accordance with earlier reports of the effect of syntactic and vocabulary knowledge on listening comprehension; however, the study did not yield results that are in support of earlier findings on the role of strategy use on listening comprehension. Based on these findings, it is fair to say that there should be a greater focus on lexical development with lower level students. Explicit vocabulary teaching could easily be integrated to existing curriculum. Students’ awareness about the role of vocabulary on comprehension could be increased from the beginning of their language learning experience.
Measurement of long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlations with the subevent cumulant method in pp and p + Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

A detailed study of multiparticle azimuthal correlations is presented using pp data at √ s = 5 . 02 and 13 TeV, and p + Pb data at √ s NN = 5 . 02 TeV, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The azimuthal correlations are probed using four-particle cumulants c n { 4 } and ﬂow coefﬁcients v n { 4 } = ( − c n { 4 } ) 1 / 4 for n = 2 and 3, with the goal of extracting long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlation signals and suppressing the short-range correlations. The values of c n { 4 } are obtained as a function of the average number of charged particles per event, (cid:4) N ch (cid:5) , using the recently proposed two-subevent and three-subevent cumulant methods, and compared with results obtained with the standard cumulant method. The standard method is found to be strongly biasedbyshort-rangecorrelations,whichoriginatemostlyfromjetswithapositivecontributionto c n { 4 } . Thethree-subevent method, on the other hand, is found to be least sensitive to short-range correlations. The three-subevent method gives a negative c 2 { 4 } , and therefore a well-deﬁned v 2 { 4 } , nearly independent of (cid:4) N ch (cid:5) , which implies that the long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlations persist to events with low multiplicity. Furthermore, v 2 { 4 } is found to be smaller than the v 2 { 2 } measured using the two-particle correlation method, as expected for long-range collective behavior. Finally, the measured values of v 2 { 4 } and v 2 { 2 } are used to estimate the number of sources relevant for the initial eccentricity in the collision geometry. The results based on the subevent cumulant technique provide direct evidence, in small collision systems, for a long-range collectivity involving many particles distributed across a broad rapidity interval.
Durability to Chemical Attack by Acids of Epoxy Microconcretes by Comparison to Cementitious Ones

This research deals with the durability of micropolymer concrete (MPC) obtained by mixing an epoxy resin with fine and coarse sand particles. In particular the resistance of the micropolymer concrete to chemical solutions (citric acid C6H8O7, sulfuric acid H2SO4, and hydrochloric acid HCl) is investigated and compared to this of Portland cement microconcrete. Two MPC are tested. The first is formulated with 9% mass fraction of epoxy polymer whereas calcareous fillers have been incorporated in the second formulation in order to reduce the percentage of the epoxy binder. It is shown that a microconcrete designed with 7% of epoxy, 10% of fillers, and 83% of aggregates is characterized by higher physical and mechanical properties than those of the MPC formulated with 9% of epoxy binder. The mechanical properties of the resulting materials after their exposure to the three selected acid solutions at different durations were studied through compressive, three points bending and ultrasonic wave propagation tests. The obtained results are compared to those of microcement concretes (MCC) tested under the same conditions as MPC. The results show that both microepoxy polymer concretes exhibit better mechanical properties and highest resistance to chemical attack than the microcement concrete.