Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Who reports domestic violence to police? A review of the evidence

The police play an important role in the management of immediate harm and risk associated with domestic violence. However, the hidden nature of domestic violence incidents means that the involvement of police is dependent on a report being made. Set against the backdrop of increasing levels of reporting of domestic violence in Australia, the current study analysed 21 Australian and international quantitative studies of victim self-report data to identify factors associated with victim reporting of domestic violence to police. The analysis found that victims who are female, non-white, experiencing frequent violence and who have been abused in the past are more likely to report. Incidents that involve serious violence, an intoxicated offender and/or child witnesses are also more likely to be reported to the police.
Evaluating Preference Stability Among Individuals with Alzheimer’s Disease

In the behavior-analytic field, preference assessments are conducted to determine specific items to use as reinforcers to reduce aberrant behavior as well as increase appropriate behavior. We examined the consistency of preference-assessments results among individuals with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) to ensure effective reinforcers are used in behavioral interventions. Specifically, we examined if identified reinforcers remained consistent for individuals with AD throughout the study or if preferences shifted. The experimental procedure consisted of a series of multiplestimulus preference assessments without replacement (MSWO); data were analyzed for preference shifts. Results showed variability with one individual’s preferences, whereas the other individual’s preferences remained relatively stable.
MODEL TESTS ON BEHAVIOUR OF GRAVITY-TYPE QUAY WALLS SUBJECTED TO STRONG SHAKING

SUMMARY Seismic stability of gravity-type quay walls and prevention of their large distortion are of major concern from a disaster prevention view point as well as in the sense of successful restoration after strong seismic events. There are, however, many existing walls which are of limited seismic resistance and would not be safe under increasing magnitude of design earthquakes. The present study conducted shaking model tests in both 1-g and 50-g centrifugal fields in order to demonstrate the efficiency of available mitigation technologies. Test results suggest that soil improvement in the loose foundation sand can reduce the quay wall damage to a certain extent when the intensity of shaking is around 0.30g. In contrast, under stronger shaking, the centrifugal tests manifested that those measures are not promising because of the increased effects of seismic inertia force.
Reporting of Haplotypes with Recessive Effects on Fertility

Genomic discovery of five haplotypes with recessive effects on fertility requires new automated tracking methods for QTL causing embryo loss in breeding programs. Most of the losses are early in gestation. Approximate locations of the five QTL were refined using crossovers detected within the pedigree. Of the top 100 available proven bulls for net merit, 15 Holsteins, 21 Jerseys, and 14 Brown Swiss are carriers of these haplotypes. Beginning with August genomic evaluations, carrier status is reported for all 127,588 genotyped animals in the North American database but is slightly less accurate for those with 2,900 markers or for imputed dams. Breeders should continue to use mating programs and index selection instead of direct selection against these haplotypes because their additive economic effects are small and are included in evaluated fertility traits.
Integrating electronics on flexible plastic strips into woven textiles

Textiles accompany us during our entire lifetime and are omnipresent in our environment. We wear textiles as clothes, we rest on them in beds and chairs and we use them to decorate and finish our homes and houses, cars and public transport interiors etc. The ubiquity of textiles and their broad range of applications render them an ideal candidate for combination with electronics converting textiles into electronic textiles which sense, actuate and communicate. Especially clothes provide a suitable platform to measure physiological parameters of the wearer and environmental parameters of the wearer’s surrounding. In addition, carpets and other technical textiles equipped with sensors can provide valuable information about the environment in which they are deployed. Despite the wide range of application scenarios for electronic textiles in healthcare, sports, entertainment etc. their market share is only marginal within the whole textile market. Among others, reasons for the low market penetration are essentially the obtrusive integration of electronics into textiles and rigid areas within textiles with integrated electronics. These two attributes are contrary to our aesthetic demands and the expected comfort of body worn textiles. To decrease the rigidity of electronic textiles and enhance an unobtrusive integration of electronics into textiles, we developed an approach to integrate flexible plastic strips serving as substrates for electronic devices. In this thesis, flexible plastic strips are woven into textiles in weft direction using an industrial weaving machine. The application of flexible plastic strips as substrates for electronic devices allows the integration of a variety of devices ranging from thin-film devices such as interconnect lines and transistors to integrated circuits (ICs) based on silicon and surface mount devices (SMDs). One challenge which arises from the flexible strips is bending. A thin-film material layer, for example an interconnect line on a bent flexible plastic strip is exposed to strain which can lead to cracks within the thin-film layer. Therefore, cross-sections of textiles with woven flexible plastic strips were manufactured to investigate bending radii of woven flexible strips. The smallest measured bending radius within the samples obtained in this thesis is 165μm. Depending on the thickness and materials of the flexible strip, strain reaches values up to 15 % for the applied material combinations. Weaving as a technique to integrate flexible plastic strips into tex-
Contrasting responses of two xerophilous land snails to fire and natural reforestation

Land-use change is considered the main disturbance in landscapestructure and composition, directly affecting faunal distributionand species richness worldwide. Wildfires and natural reforestation alter habitat structure in terms of vegetation cover and also in soil composition and moisture; these processes hence trigger habitat transformations that act as opposing forces at small spatial scales. We have explored the contrasting effects of wildfires and natural reforestation on two land-snail species of the genus Xerocrassa, which are endemic in the western Mediterranean. Snails were sampled in pine and Holm oak forest, stony bare slopes and burnt sites. Both species followed a similar pattern: they were present in more than 75% of the stony bare slope sites and around 50% of the burnt sites, but were almost absent in Holm oak forests. The comparison of aerial photographs from 1956 and 2003 showed that stony bare slopes were significantly larger in 1956, this indicating that the natural reforestation might close these habitats, and consequently threaten the viability of the Xerocrassa populations. Given their limited mobility, the presence of Xerocrassa at burnt sites suggests that these species live in small and cryptic populations within the forest, surviving fire and expanding their distribution due to the appearance of adequate habitats. Our study shows that natural reforestation and fire play opposing roles in conserving Xerocrassa populations. The preservation of stony bare slopes as well as other open areas is a key management guideline to maintain landscape mosaics and help future conservation of species of open habitats such as these vulnerable endemic gastropods.
Common Sense Leadership: Evidence from Senior Leaders

The purpose of this study is call for further academic conversations into how to recognize common sense leadership as it relates to the 21st century organization. This qualitative study was performed from July 29th through December 7th, 2010, which involved 26 participants from across the United States who were identified as senior leaders in their organization. These executives indicated that common sense leadership is a multi-pronged approach that requires flexibility to address both the needs and desires of the organization in conjunction with those of the members of the organization. Participants concluded that common sense decision making requires a sense of morality that sometimes supersedes organizational performance and profitability. Finally, study participants strongly believe that employee motivation that encompasses goal attainment and decision making, through a sense of morality, are important benchmarks in being a common sense leader.
Adventitious Shoot Organogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Internode Explants of Paederia foetida L . : A Valuable Medicinal Plant

A plant regeneration protocol via adventitious shoot organogenesis from internode explants of Paederia foetida (Skunk vine) is reported here for the first time. Three explants (leaf, mature internode and internode derived from axenic shoot cultures) were tested for shoot organogenesis. Leaf explants failed to induce adventitious shoots whereas axenic internode explant was found to be superior to mature internode explants for the induction of adventitious shoots. Axenic internode explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/l BAP showed maximum (86.7 %; 10.4 shoots per explant) adventitious shoot organogenesis. The regenerated shoots were best rooted (90 %; 14 roots per shoot) on half-strength MS medium. Eighty percent of the rooted shoots were successfully acclimatized in soil: sand (1:1) mixture. All these acclimatized plants were successfully transferred to larger pots containing garden soil and subsequently established in the field.
Surgical site infections in orthopedic implant surgery and its risk factors: A prospective study in teaching hospital

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) in orthopaedic implant surgery is devasting complication range from 1-2% to 22%. It leads to increase case cost, prolongs antibiotic use/abuse, increases morbidity and rehabilitation. Method: This prospective study was conducted on 248 patients with closed fracture cases undergoing clean and elective orthopaedic implant surgeries admitted at Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya (Karnataka), India between october-2016 to march-2017. Results: The surgical site infection was diagnosed in 11 (4.435%) patients within 3 months after surgery. Staphylococcus aureus was most common infective organism islolated in 54.54% cases. On data analysis SSI was significantly associated with increasing age, diabetes mellitus, smoking and anemia. Conclusion: Incidence of SSI in implants surgeries are quite high, proper measure are needed to control it.
Taking the problem seriously? Sentencing Indigenous and non-Indigenous domestic violence offenders

The ‘problem’ of Indigenous domestic violence has become increasingly dominant in populist and government discourse, with the criminal justice system (including the courts) being criticised for the possible lenient treatment of offenders. Using a population of cases sentenced in New South Wales from January 2009 to June 2012, this paper uses multivariate analyses to explore the intersection between Indigenous status, context of violence (domestic vs. nondomestic) and the imprisonment sentencing decision. Results suggest that when sentenced under comparable statistical circumstances, Indigenous domestic violence offenders are equally likely as those convicted of violent crimes outside of intimate/familial contexts to be sentenced to prison. In contrast, non-Indigenous domestic violence offenders are significantly less likely than those convicted of violent offences outside of intimate/familial relationships contexts to be sentenced to prison. Drawing on the focal concerns sentencing perspective, possible explanations for this finding are explored. The tension faced by the courts between the impact of colonialism on Indigenous offenders and their communities, the need to protect Indigenous victims of domestic violence and their communities, as well as overarching expectations around the punitive treatment of crimes of domestic violence are discussed.
Effects of distance between initial estimates and advice on advice utilization

Six experiments investigated how the distance between one’s initial opinion and advice relates to advice utilization. Going beyond previous research, we relate advice distance to both relative adjustments and absolute adjustments towards the advice, and we also investigate a second mode of advice utilization, namely confidence shifts due to social validation. Whereas previous research suggests that advice is weighted less the more it differs from one’s initial opinion, we consistently find evidence of a curvilinear pattern. Advice is weighted less when advice distance is low and when it is high. This is in particular because individuals are much more likely to retain their initial opinions in the light of near advice. Also, absolute opinion adjustments towards the advice increases in a monotone fashion as advice distance increases. This finding is in contrast to the predictions of the theoretical framework previous studies on advice distance are based on, social judgment theory. Instead, they data are more in line with a simple stimulus-response model suggesting that absolute adjustments towards the advice increase with advice distance but—potentially—with diminished sensitivity. Finally, our data show that advice can be utilized even when it receives zero weight during belief revision. The closer advice was to the initial opinions, the more it served as a means for social validation, increasing decision-makers’ confidence in the accuracy of their final opinions. Thus, our findings suggest that advice utilization is a more complex function of advice distance than previously assumed.
Toxigenic fungi and mycotoxin associated with figs in the Mediterranean area.

Figs are an economically important crop in the Mediterranean area. Fungal infection can be observed on figs on the tree, after shriveling, after falling to the ground, and during the drying process. Fungal growth and subsequent mycotoxin production are influenced by a variety of complex interactions between instrinsic and extrinsic factors as well as stress factors and physical damage. The dominant fungal flora in dried figs consisted of Aspergillus section Nigri , Fusarium spp. , Aspergillus section Flavi and Penicillium spp. Fungal infection can result in mycotoxin contamination including aflatoxins, citrinin, cyclopiazonic acid, fumonisins, patulin and ochratoxin A. This review describes the major fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination in dried figs.
In Search of the "Warm Glow": Estimating Pay and Job Satisfaction in the Private, Public and Voluntary Sectors 1

Mixed findings in studies of wage differences between private, public and voluntary sectors provide confusing evidence about the existence of a “warm glow” wage difference in nonprofit organisations. We use attitudinal data from an employeremployee linked dataset to examine differences between the private, public and voluntary sectors. We find a voluntary sector premium in job satisfaction in line with previous studies. However, the higher level of job satisfaction found amongst workers in the voluntary sector disappears after we control for relative wages. In the Health and Social Work industries, including relative wages in the satisfaction equations leads to estimates of higher job satisfaction in the private sector. This suggests that the difference in relative wages between the sectors is at least in part responsible for observed sector differences in job satisfaction. These findings are difficult to reconcile with a traditional theory of ‘warm glow’ motivation for workers in the voluntary sector. Are the employees of voluntary, or nonprofit, organisations motivated by a ‘warm glow’? One of the areas in which voluntary organisations may differ from private and public organisations is their behaviour in the labour market. The stylised facts regarding wage differences between the sectors offer some support for lower wages in the voluntary sector, in line with a “warm glow” explanation of motivated workers in this sector (Preston, 1989), (Weisbrod, 1983). However, more detailed analysis at the industry level finds evidence of wage premiums in health & social work (HSW) industries, where nearly two thirds of voluntary sector workers are employed (Leete, 2001), (Rutherford 2008). How can we explain these sector wage differences, and what do they imply for theories of ‘warm glow’ motivation in the voluntary sector? In this paper we use job satisfaction data in a linked employer-employee dataset to estimate sector differences after accounting for worker and organisational characteristics. We use estimates of comparison wages to control for their impact on subjective measures. In particular,
EFFECT OF MENTHA PIPERATA IN EXPERIMENTAL PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

Objective: To investigate the protective efficacy of Mentha piperata in experimental benign prostatic hyperplasia in Wistar albino rats. Methods : Benign hyperplasia of prostate was induced by subcutaneous injection of testosterone (5mg/kg) daily for 28 days. Rats were divided into five groups (six rats each). A negative control group received subcutaneous arachis oil (1 ml/kg) , Four groups were injected testosterone and divided into reference group (finasteride 1mg/kg), modelgroup(testosterone), study group A ( M. piperata 200mg/kg) and study group B ( M. piperata 400mg/kg). On day 29, rats were sacrificed and body weight, prostate weight, bladder weight, testes weight, serum testosterone and total protein in prostate were measured and histopathological studies carried out. All results were expressed as mean ± SEM. Data were analysed by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’spost hoc test. Results: M. piperata (400mg/kg) significantly inhibited prostate growth and total protein content(P <0.05). The extract did not have significant effect on serum testosterone level, weight of testes and bladder. Histopathological analysis of prostate gland correlated with the above results. Conclusion : Beneficial effects of M piperata in various common ailments have been proven through various studies. The findings of this study suggest a possible beneficial effect of Menthapiperata in the prevention of benign hyperplasia of prostate.
The far-infrared-radio correlation in MS0451-03

We present a multiwavelength analysis of star-forming galaxies in the massive cluster MS0451.6-0305 at z ˜ 0.54 to shed new light on the evolution of the far-infrared-radio relationship in distant rich clusters. We have derived total infrared luminosities for a spectroscopically confirmed sample of cluster and field galaxies through an empirical relation based on Spitzer Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer 24 μm photometry. The radio flux densities were measured from deep Very Large Array 1.4 GHz radio continuum observations. We find the ratio of far-infrared to radio luminosity for galaxies in an intermediate-redshift cluster to be qFIR = 1.80 ± 0.15 with a dispersion of 0.53. Due to the large intrinsic dispersion, we do not find any observable change in this value with either redshift or environment. However, a higher percentage of galaxies in this cluster show an excess in their radio fluxes when compared to low-redshift clusters (27^{+23}_{-13} per cent to 11 per cent), suggestive of a cluster enhancement of radio-excess sources at this earlier epoch. In addition, the far-infrared-radio relationship for blue galaxies, where qFIR = 2.01 ± 0.14 with a dispersion of 0.35, is consistent with the predicted value from the field relationship, although these results are based on a sample from a single cluster.
‘SAY ON PAY’ REGULATION AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PAY: EVIDENCE FROM AUSTRALIA

We investigate the consequences of Australia’s ‘say on pay’ regulation on the chief executive officer (CEO) compensation using recent data. We find that, for the ‘first-strike’ firms that avoided a ‘second strike’ (the treatment firms), a reduction in CEO total remuneration is positively associated with a lower level of shareholder dissent votes on the following remuneration report. We also find that, unlike control firms, the treatment firms increased the proportion of CEO’s performance-based pay in the year following the ‘first strike’ and such an increase is negatively related to a change in shareholders’ dissent level. Further, detailed descriptive analysis suggests that the ‘first-strike’ firms made relatively more frequent and larger pay reductions by reducing the level of pay in one or more components of the CEO pay.
Testing PAM and SLM : perception of American English approximants by native German listeners

This study examined the impact of phonetic and phonological properties of L1 German (GE) on the perception of the American English (AE) approximant contrasts /r/-/l/, /w/-/r/, and /w/-/j/. GE does not have /w/, it realizes /r/ and /l/ differently from AE, and GE and AE /j/ are realized nearly identically. Thus, German lacks /w/-/j/ and /w/-/r/, but employs /r/-/l/ with a “light” [l] (as opposed to AE “dark” [ɫ]) and a uvular fricative [ʁ] (as opposed to AE “retroflex” [ɻ]). Forced-choice identification and AXB discrimination of /Cɑk/ syllables revealed both phonological and phonetic influences on the perception of AE approximants. GE listeners’ identification of all contrasts was highly categorical, but discrimination was poorer than AE listeners’ for /w/-/r/ and /r/-/l/ and better than AE listeners’ for /w/-/j/. Phonologically-based predictions were correct only for one contrast, /r/-/l/. Neither Best’s Perceptual Assimilation Model nor Flege’s Speech Learning Model were fully successful in predicting how L1 GE listeners perceived AE approximants.
Interactive comment on “Molecular corridors and parameterizations of volatility in the evolution of organic aerosols” by Y. Li et al

This paper furthers previous efforts to model the volatility of organic compounds based on their elemental composition. This is of great interest to members of the atmospheric community coupling soft ionization and high-resolution mass spectrometry techniques, which allows for precise molecular formula determination, but does not provide insight into molecular structure. To accomplish this, the authors utilized the Estimation Programs Interface (EPI) Suite to estimate the vapor pressure of more than 31,000 organic molecules contained in the National Cancer Institute open database. Each compound was grouped into one of six categories (CH, CHO, CHN, CHON, CHOS, CHONS) based upon its molecular formula. Multi-linear least squares analysis for each category was used to determine the proper coefficients to estimate saturation concentrations
SIGNAL DESIGN FOR CONGESTED NETWORKS BASED ON METERING

A method is presented for designing signal programs for congested urban networks in which one or more intersections are bound to become oversaturated before the others. The idea on which the method is based is to limit the volumes entering the network, to adjust them to the capacity of the critical intersection, and to avoid intersection blockage. This metering procedure enables the designer to determine the location of the queues and to direct them to long links that can act as buffers. This strategy is called queue location management. The procedure is based on integrating a mathematical programming model with TRANSYT. The model is used to determine the green splits and the level of metering, whereas TRANSYT is used for simulating the dynamic processes within the cycle and for offset optimization. A numerical example demonstrates the procedure.