Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BUDHIES - III: the fate of H I and the quenching of galaxies in evolving environments

In a hierarchical Universe clusters grow via the accretion of galaxies from the field, groups and even other clusters. As this happens, galaxies can lose and/or consume their gas reservoirs via different mechanisms, eventually quenching their star formation. We explore the diverse environmental histories of galaxies through a multiwavelength study of the combined effect of ram-pressure stripping and group `processing' in Abell 963, a massive growing cluster at z = 0.2 from the Blind Ultra Deep H I Environmental Survey (BUDHIES). We incorporate hundreds of new optical redshifts (giving a total of 566 cluster members), as well as Subaru and XMM-Newton data from LoCuSS, to identify substructures and evaluate galaxy morphology, star formation activity, and H I content (via H I deficiencies and stacking) out to 3 × R200. We find that Abell 963 is being fed by at least seven groups, that contribute to the large number of passive galaxies outside the cluster core. More massive groups have a higher fraction of passive and H I-poor galaxies, while low-mass groups host younger (often interacting) galaxies. For cluster galaxies not associated with groups we corroborate our previous finding that H I gas (if any) is significantly stripped via ram-pressure during their first passage through the intracluster medium, and find mild evidence for a starburst associated with this event. In addition, we find an overabundance of morphologically peculiar and/or star-forming galaxies near the cluster core. We speculate that these arise from the effect of groups passing through the cluster (post-processing). Our study highlights the importance of environmental quenching and the complexity added by evolving environments.
Price-to-Earnings Ratio and Expected Earnings Growth Rate in Global Equity Markets

This paper documents the empirical relationship between price-to-earnings ratios and analyst expected earnings growth rate, in global equity markets. We propose a theoretical framework that links the price-to-earnings multiple of a stock to its expected earnings growth rate, the discounting factor, and the factor risk premiums. Exploiting a universe of over 15,000 stocks, taken from 42 countries, we establish that analyst determined expected earnings growth is a crucial determinant of price-toearnings ratios in the cross-section of individual stocks. Our cross-sectional regression results hold, even after controlling for dispersions in business risks, rm size, and cashow volatility. A large fraction of the dynamic variation in the P/E valuation ratio is due to changes in the expected earnings growth rate. Our principal empirical ndings are consistent with asset pricing theory.
Effects of Methylphenidate in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Comparison of Behavioral Results and Event–Related Potentials

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental disorders in children and adolescents, with an estimated 3–5% of children diagnosed with this disorder [1,2]. ADHD is characterized by symptoms of inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. It has been suggested that a core deficiency in inhibitory control accounts for many deficits in executive function observed in ADHD that underlie most of the dysfunctional behaviors associated with this syndrome [3]. The apparent importance of executive dysfunction in children with ADHD has thus led to an increasing number of investigations in this area.
Length scale of the finite-amplitude meanders of shelfbreak fronts

AbstractThrough combining analytical arguments and numerical models, this study investigates the finite-amplitude meanders of shelfbreak fronts characterized by sloping isopycnals outcropping at both the surface and the shelfbreak bottom. The objective is to provide a formula for the meander length scale that can explain observed frontal length scale variability and also be verified with observations. Considering the frontal instability to be a mixture of barotropic and baroclinic instability, the derived along-shelf meander length scale formula is [b1/(1 + a1S1/2)]NH/f, where N is the buoyancy frequency; H is the depth of the front; f is the Coriolis parameter; S is the Burger number measuring the ratio of energy conversion associated with barotropic and baroclinic instability; and a1 and b1 are empirical constants. Initial growth rate of the frontal instability is formulated as [b2(1 + a1S1/2)/(1 + a2αS1/2)]NH/L, where α is the bottom slope at the foot of the front, and a2 and b2 are empirical constants.
Polynomial filtering for stochastic non-Gaussian descriptor systems

Stochastic descriptor systems, also named singular systems, have been widely investigated and many important results in the linear filtering theory have been achieved in the framework of Gaussian processes. Nevertheless, such results could be far from optimal, especially in the case of highly asymmetrical non Gaussian noises. This paper presents a polynomial solution for filtering singular systems affected by non-Gaussian noises. The performance of polynomial filters can be improved by increasing their degree. Simulation results support theoretical results.
Periodic Oscillations in Weakly Connected Cellular Nonlinear Networks

Oscillatory nonlinear networks represent a circuit architecture for image and information processing. In particular they have associative properties and can be exploited for dynamic pattern recognition. In this manuscript the global dynamic behavior of weakly connected cellular networks of oscillators is investigated. It is assumed that each cell admits of a Lur'e description. In case of weak coupling the main dynamic features of the network are revealed by the phase deviation equation (i.e., the equation that describes the phase deviation due to the weak coupling). Firstly a very accurate analytic expression of the phase deviation equation is derived via the joint application of the describing function technique and of Malkin's Theorem. Then a complete analysis of the phase-deviation equation is carried out for 1-D arrays of oscillators. It is shown that the total number of periodic limit cycles with their stability properties can be estimated. Finally, in order to show the accuracy of the proposed approach, two networks containing second-order and third-order oscillators, respectively, are studied in detail.
The Model of Fuzzy Variable Precision Rough Sets

One limitation of the fuzzy rough sets is its sensitivity to the perturbation of original numerical data. In this paper we construct a model of fuzzy variable precision rough sets (FVPRS) by combining the fuzzy rough sets and variable precision rough sets, which is non-sensitive to the perturbation of the original numerical data. First, the fuzzy lower and upper approximations of FVPRS model are defined, and their properties are described. Second, the concepts of attributes reduction of FVPRS model, such as attributes reduct, core and positive region, etc, are defined. Third, a discernibility matrix is adopted to develop an algorithm to obtain all the attributes reduction of FVPRS. By the strict mathematical reasoning, we prove that the results obtained by the algorithm based on the discernibility matrix are the exact attributes reducts of FVPRS. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate that the model of FVPRS is feasible and effective in the real problems.
Is it the Weather?

We show that results in the recent strand of the literature, which tries to explain stock returns by weather induced mood shifts of investors, might be data-driven inference. More specifically, we consider two recent studies [Kamstra, Mark J., Kramer, Lisa A. , Levi, Maurice D. , 2003a. Winter blues: A SAD stock market cycle. American Economic Review 93(1), 324-343; Cao, Melanie, Wei, Jason, 2005. Stock market returns: A note on temperature anomaly. Journal of Banking and Finance 29(6), 1559-1573] that claim that a seasonal anomaly in stock returns is caused by mood changes of investors due to lack of daylight and temperature variations, respectively. While we confirm earlier results in the literature that there is indeed a strong seasonal effect in stock returns in many countries: stock market returns tend to be significantly lower during summer and fall months than during winter and spring months as documented by Bouman and Jacobsen [Bouman, Sven, Jacobsen, Ben, 2002. The Halloween indicator, Sell in May and go away: Another puzzle. American Economic Review, 92(5), 1618-1635], there is little evidence in favor of a SAD or temperature explanation. In fact, we find that a simple winter/summer dummy best describes this seasonality. Our results suggest that without any further evidence the correlation between weather-related variables and stock returns might be spurious and the conclusion that weather affects stock returns through mood changes of investors is premature.
Causes and effects of single-phasing induction motors

It is well known that a three-phase induction motor will continue to operate when a disturbance of some sort causes the voltages supplied to the motor to become single-phase. The single-phasing can occur as a result of a fuse blowing or protective device opening on one phase of the motor. Other possibilities include feeder or step-down transformer fuses blowing. Even though the motor will continue to operate in this condition, the motor will heat up very quickly and it is essential that the motor be removed from service by the opening of a motor circuit breaker or some other type of protective device. This paper will describe three different ways in which an induction motor will operate in a single-phase condition. For purposes of this paper "single-phase" will include any condition in which the three line-to-line voltage phasors appear on the same line.
Electrically small antenna elements using negative permittivity resonators

We consider the use of materials with negative electric permittivity as a building block for constructing effective small antenna elements. In this paper, we show that negative permittivity alone is sufficient for constructing an effective small antenna element. Further, we clarify, here the issue of the radiation Q: a quasi-static analysis is used to show that a sub-wavelength spherical negative permittivity resonator will have a Q that is a factor of 3/2 above the Chu limit. We demonstrate through finite element simulation a practical antenna geometry composed of a coaxial transmission line coupled to a half-sphere of negative permittivity adjacent to a ground plane. The resonator is impedance-matched to the transmission line, resulting in an antenna Q matching that predicted by the quasi-static analysis.
Microstructures of phases in indented silicon: A high resolution characterization

This letter investigates the structural changes in monocrystalline silicon caused by microindentation with the aid of the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It shows that the transformation zone is amorphous when the maximum indentation load, P-max, is low, but a crystalline phase of high-pressure R8/BC8 can appear when P-max increases. The nanodeformation of the pristine silicon outside the transformation zone proceeds with the mechanical bending and distortion of the crystalline planes. Certain extent of plastic deformation took place due to dislocation slipping. The results seem to indicate that the shear stress component played an important role in the deformation of the transformation zone. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
Detection algorithm and initial laboratory results using V-BLAST space-time communication architecture

The signal detection algorithm of the vertical BLAST (Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time) wireless communications architecture is briefly described. Using this joint space-time approach, spectral efficiencies ranging from 20-40 bit/s/Hz have been demonstrated in the laboratory under flat fading conditions at indoor fading rates. Early results are presented.
econstor Make Your Publications Visible . A Service of zbw

We identify exogenous variation in incumbent policymakers’ re-election probabilities and explore empirically how this variation affects the incumbents’ investment in physical capital. Our results indicate that a higher re-election probability leads to higher investments, particularly in the purposes preferred more strongly by the incumbents. This aligns with a theoretical framework where political parties disagree about which public goods to produce using labor and predetermined public capital. Key for the consistency between data and theory is to account for complementarity between physical capital and flow variables in government production.
Performance of SARUS: A synthetic aperture real-time ultrasound system

The SARUS scanner (Synthetic Aperture Real-time Ultrasound System) for research purposes is described. It can acquire individual channel data for multi-element transducers for a couple of heart beats, and is capable of transmitting any kind of excitation. It houses generous and flexible processing resources that can be reprogrammed and tailored to many kinds of algorithms. The 64 boards in the system house 16 transmit and 16 receive channels each, where data can be stored in 2 GB of RAM and processed using four Virtex 4FX100 and one FX60 FPGAs. The VHDL code can acquire data for 16 channels and perform real-time processing for four channels per board. The receive processing chain consists of three FPGAs. The beamformer FPGA houses 24 focusing units (6 × 4-way) each working in parallel at 220 MHz for parallel four-channel beamforming. The fully parametric focusing unit calculates delays and apodization values in real time in 3D space and can produce 630 million complex samples per second. The processing can, thus, beamform 192 image lines consisting of 1024 complex samples for each emission at a rate of 3200 frames a second yielding full non-recursive synthetic aperture B-mode imaging at more than 30 high resolution images a second.
Public Debt as Private Liquidity: Optimal Policy

We study optimal policy in an economy where interest rates are low because public debt serves as collateral or buffer stock. Issuing more public debt raises welfare by easing the underlying friction but also reduces the private valuation of this service, raising interest rates. This trade-off shapes the optimal quantity of public debt in the long run, justifies a departure from tax smoothing in the short run, and calls for larger deficits during financial crises. Our analysis illustrates the possible robustness of these insights to different microfoundations and helps clarify when exactly low interest rates represent an opportunity for cheap government borrowing.
Local adaptation enhances performance of common plant species

Geographic variation can lead to the evolution of different local varieties, even in widespread forage plants. We investigated the performance of common forage plants in relation to their genetic diversity and local adaptation at a continental scale using reciprocal transplants at eight field sites across Europe over a 2-year period. The overall performance of the three test species, Trifolium pratense, Dactylis glomerata, Plantago lanceolata, was generally highest for plants replanted at their home site and declined with increasing transplanting distance. The three species differed in the fitness components responsible for the increased overall performance and selection advantage at home sites. In addition to the effects of local adaptation, the majority of measured traits in all three species also showed ecotypic variation. However, no single ecotype of any species was able to outperform the locally adapted strains and do best at all sites, highlighting the importance of maintaining these plant genetic resources.
PCR-GLOBWB 2: a 5 arcmin global hydrological and water resources model

Abstract. We present PCR-GLOBWB 2, a global hydrology and water resources model. Compared to previous versions of PCR-GLOBWB, this version fully integrates water use. Sector-specific water demand, groundwater and surface water withdrawal, water consumption, and return flows are dynamically calculated at every time step and interact directly with the simulated hydrology. PCR-GLOBWB 2 has been fully rewritten in Python and PCRaster Python and has a modular structure, allowing easier replacement, maintenance, and development of model components. PCR-GLOBWB 2 has been implemented at 5 arcmin resolution, but a version parameterized at 30 arcmin resolution is also available. Both versions are available as open-source codes on https://github.com/UU-Hydro/PCR-GLOBWB_model (Sutanudjaja et al., 2017a). PCR-GLOBWB 2 has its own routines for groundwater dynamics and surface water routing. These relatively simple routines can alternatively be replaced by dynamically coupling PCR-GLOBWB 2 to a global two-layer groundwater model and 1-D–2-D hydrodynamic models. Here, we describe the main components of the model, compare results of the 30 and 5 arcmin versions, and evaluate their model performance using Global Runoff Data Centre discharge data. Results show that model performance of the 5 arcmin version is notably better than that of the 30 arcmin version. Furthermore, we compare simulated time series of total water storage (TWS) of the 5 arcmin model with those observed with GRACE, showing similar negative trends in areas of prevalent groundwater depletion. Also, we find that simulated total water withdrawal matches reasonably well with reported water withdrawal from AQUASTAT, while water withdrawal by source and sector provide mixed results.
Model-independent determination of the strong-phase difference between D-0 and (D)over-bar(0) -> KS,L(0)h(+)h(-) (h = pi, K) and its impact on the measurement of the CKM angle gamma/phi(3)

We report the first determination of the relative strong-phase difference between D0→KS,L0K+K- and D 0→KS,L0K+K-. In addition, we present updated measurements of the relative strong-phase difference between D0→KS,L0π+π- and D 0→KS,L0π+π-. Both measurements exploit the quantum coherence between a pair of D0 and D 0 mesons produced from ψ(3770) decays. The strong-phase differences measured are important for determining the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa angle γ/ϕ3 in B-→K-D˜0 decays, where D˜0 is a D0 or D 0 meson decaying to KS0h+h- (h=π, K), in a manner independent of the model assumed to describe the D0→KS0h+h- decay. Using our results, the uncertainty in γ/ϕ3 due to the error on the strong-phase difference is expected to be between 1.7° and 3.9° for an analysis using B-→K-D˜0, D˜0→KS0π+π- decays, and between 3.2° and 3.9° for an analysis based on B-→K-D˜0, D˜0→KS0K+K- decays. A measurement is also presented of the CP-odd fraction, F-, of the decay D0→KS0K+K- in the region of the ϕ→K+K- resonance. We find that in a region within 0.01 GeV2/c4 of the nominal ϕ mass squared F->0.91 at the 90% confidence level.
Power module and cooling system thermal performance evaluation for HEV application

To further reduce system costs and package volumes of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), it is important to optimize the power module and associated cooling system. This paper reports the thermal performance evaluation and analysis of three commercial power modules with different cooling systems. Experiments and simulations were conducted to help further optimization of design. Results show that power electronics can be better merged with the mechanical environment.
Foresight, Complexity, and Strategy

What is a strategy? The answer to this question ought to depend on the foresight horizon: how far ahead, and how much, the strategist thinks he can forsee. When the very structure of the firm's world is undergoing cascades of rapid change, and interpretations about the identity of agents and artifacts are characterized by ambiguity, we say that the foresight horizon is complex. We argue that strategy in the face of complex foresight horizons should consist of an on-going set of practices that interpret and construct the relationships that comprise the world in which the firm acts. Our discussion focuses on two intertwined kinds of strategic practices. The first is cognitive: a firm "populates its world" by positing who lives there and interpreting what they do. The second structural: the firm fosters generative relationships within and across its boundries---relationships that produce new sources of value that cannot be foreseen in advance. We illustrate the ideas advanced in the paper with a story about the entry of ROLM into the PDX market in 1975.
A uniform type structure for secure information flow

The π-calculus, a calculus of mobile processes, can compositionally represent dynamics of major programming constructs by decomposing them into name passing. The present work reports our experience in using a linear/affine typed π-calculus for the analysis and development of type-based analyses for programming languages, focussing on secure information flow analysis. After presenting a basic typed calculus for secrecy, we demonstrate its usage by a sound embedding of the dependency core calculus (DCC) and the development of the call-by-value version of DCC. The secrecy analysis is then extended to stateful computation, for which we develop a novel type discipline for imperative programming language that extends a secure multi-threaded imperative language by Smith and Volpano with general references and higher-order procedures. In each analysis, the embedding gives a simple proof of noninterference.
Association of TGF-β 1 , CD 14 , IL-4 , IL-4 R and ADAM 33 gene polymorphisms with asthma severity in children and adolescents

Objective:Toverify theassociationof transforminggrowth factor-β1(TGF-β1) (C-509TandT869C),CD14(C-159T), IL-4 (C-590T), IL-4R (ILe50Val) and ADAM33 (S_2) gene polymorphisms with asthma severity in a sample of patients with mild, moderate and severe persistent atopic asthma. Methods: A clinical, laboratory, prospective study was performed in patients with persistent atopic asthma, compared to a control group at Hospital Universitário da Universidade Estadual de Campinas between 2006 and 2007. Analysis of the TGF-β1 T869C gene polymorphism was performed using the technique polymerase chain reaction (PCR) + amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). TGF-β1 C-509T, CD14 C-159T, IL-4 C-590T, IL-4Ra ILe50Val, and ADAM33 S2 gene polymorphisms were detected by PCR and restriction enzyme. Results: This study included 88 patients with persistent atopic asthma (27 mild, 23 moderate and 38 severe) and 202healthyblooddonors. As to T869Cpolymorphism(TGF-β1), therewasanassociationbetween theCCgenotypeand patients with severe asthma. There was no association in polymorphisms C-509T (TGF-β1), C-590T (IL-4) and S_2 (ADAM33). When distribution of C-159T polymorphism genotype frequency (CD14) in severe asthma was compared with the control group, there was a significant result with the TT genotype. There was significant association of the Val/Val genotype (IL-4R) with mild asthma. Conclusion: Our results indicate that T869C (TGF-β1), C-159T (CD14) and Val/Val (IL-4R) polymorphisms might be involved in modulation of asthma severity. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008;84(3):203-210: Asthma genes, polymorphisms, SNP, ADAM33, CD14, TGF-β1.