Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential cell‐specific location of Cav‐1 and Ca2+‐ATPase in terminal Schwann cells and mechanoreceptive Ruffini endings in the periodontal ligament of the rat incisor

Caveolae are involved in clathrin‐independent endocytosis, transcytosis, signal transduction, and tumor suppression – all of which depend on their main constituent protein caveolin families. The periodontal Ruffini ending has been reported to develop a caveola‐like structure on the cell membrane of both the axon terminals and Schwann sheaths, suggesting the existence of an axon–Schwann cell interaction in the periodontal Ruffini endings. However, little information is available concerning the functional significance of these caveolae. The present study was undertaken to examine the immunolocalization of caveolin‐1, ‐3 (Cav‐1, Cav‐3) and Ca2+‐ATPase in the periodontal Ruffini endings of the rat incisor. Decalcified sections of the upper jaws were processed for immunocytochemistry at the levels of light and electron microscopy. Some immunostained sections were treated with histochemistry for nonspecific cholinesterase (nChE) activity. Observations showed the periodontal Ruffini endings were immunopositive for Cav‐1, but not Cav‐3. Immunoreactive products for Cav‐1 were confined to caveola‐like structures in the cell membranes of the cytoplasmic extensions and cell bodies of the terminal Schwann cells associated with the periodontal Ruffini endings. However, the axonal membranes of the terminals did not express any Cav‐1 immunoreaction. Double staining with Ca2+‐ATPase and either protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) or S‐100 protein disclosed the co‐localization of immunoreactions in the axonal branches of the periodontal Ruffini endings, but not in the terminal Schwann cells. As Ca2+ plays an important role in mechanotransduction, these characteristic immunolocalizations show Cav‐1/Ca2+‐ATPase might be involved in the quick elimination of intracellular Ca2+ in mechanotransduction.
An initial model for telemedicine adoption in developing countries

Telemedicine has proven to be a success in some developed countries. This assumption has been backed by over 12,000 reviewed articles which have been published during the past 25 years. Unfortunately, despite being a useful and thriving area of Information Systems research, Telehealth has not been fully implemented in the developing countries owing to several factors which have militated against it. In this paper, we adapted to using combinational approaches and guidelines to provide a systematic way to establish factors affecting telemedicine adoption for health workers and establish suitable theoretical model for telemedicine adoption. Although there are a quite number of guidelines for conducting such reviews in other research fields, few entirely meet the unique needs of Information Systems research. In response to this shortage of guidelines, we present here the attributes and significance of telemedicine adoption model in the context of IS domain. The outcome of the study is expected to establish a suitable theoretical model that will investigate the obvious barrier affecting telemedicine implementation and provide recommendation for health care providers.
Small and medium size firm’s marketing competitive advantage and environmental initiatives in the Middle East

Abstract The paper explores Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) in Saudi Arabia within the context of environmental sustainability. The objective of the study is to examine whether SME’s sustainable marketing competitive advantage through environmental initiatives can positively associate to a firm’s environmental (green) best practices and stakeholder influences; similarly, it also identifies if best practices mediate environmental costs and competitive advantage. A sample of 181 responses are obtained and are analysed using factor analysis, multiple regression and their interaction effects. The findings show that the association between firms that have competitive advantage due to environmental initiatives were found to be significant for best practices and indirect stakeholder influences. Furthermore, the results identified that by using environmental best practices, SMEs can lower their environmental costs to gain marketing competitive advantage. These findings highlight the function of environmentalism and how it can influence practitioners.
Life History Cost of Trematode Infection in Helisoma anceps Using Mark–Recapture in Charlie's Pond

Parasitism has the potential to affect key life history traits of an infected host. Perhaps the most studied interactions are in snail–trematode systems, where infection can result in altered growth rates, survival, and/or fecundity of the individual. Positive correlations between host size and parasite prevalence are often attributed to changes in growth rates or mortality, which have been observed in the laboratory. Extending lab-based conclusions to the natural setting is problematic, especially when environmental conditions differ between the laboratory and the field. The present study uses reproduction experiments and mark– recapture methods to directly measure key life history traits of the pulmonate snail Helisoma anceps in Charlie's Pond. Based on previous laboratory and field experiments on H. anceps, we predict a significant reduction in fecundity, but not growth rate or survival, of infected snails. Individual capture histories were analyzed with multistate models to obtain estimates of survival and infection probabilities throughout the year. Recaptured individuals were used to calculate specific growth rates. Trematode infection resulted in complete castration of the host. However, neither survival nor growth rates were found to differ between infected and uninfected individuals. The probability of infection exhibited seasonal variation, but it did not vary with size of the snail. These results suggest that the correlation between host size and trematode prevalence is not due to differential mortality or changes in growth rates. Instead, the infection accumulates in large snails via the growth of smaller, infected individuals.
Factors That Influence Business Zakat Compliance Among Small And Medium Entrepreneurs

The purpose of this paper is to examine factors that influenced business zakat compliance among small and medium entrepreneurs. The factors are role of zakat administrator, business profitability, length of business establishment and entrepreneurs’ zakat attitude. The study adopts mixed methods approach. 47 Muslims owners of small and medium enterprises participated in the study. They completed a survey and explained their business zakat compliance experience through interviewers. The survey data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and logit regression analysis. Then, the interview data provided in-depth understanding about respondents’ zakat attitude and opinion on role of zakat administrator. The results show the majority (72.3 percent) of the respondents paid business zakat. The factors that influence zakat business compliance were the business owners’ zakat attitude and business profitability. The interview data supporeds the findings; respondents who paid zakat understood the responsibility and importance of business zakat payment. However, some of them regularly paid zakat directly to the poor and needy because they have doubts on zakat administrator’s credibility in distributing zakat to asnaf. On the other hand, respondents who did not pay zakat declared that did not know other types of zakat other than zakat fitr. This shows that the role of zakat administrator in promoting business zakat should be made more extensive. Zakat administrator also can introduce a scheme where zakat payers can personally distribute zakat to asnaf using the money they paid to zakat administrators. This could encourage entrepreneurs to pay zakat and increase the numbers of zakat payers.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN KETAATAN PENGUNGKAPAN WAJIB PADA BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA

The purpose of this study was to examine corporate governance and mandatory disclosures compliance ofIndonesian BUMN (Badan Usaha Milik Negara). Under purposive sampling, secondary data of 48 annualreports year 2005-2010 of BUMN in Indonesian Stock Exchange were selected.The average level of mandatorydisclosures compliance was at 54.99%. This number indicated that Indonesian's BUMN was not fullycompliance to SE Bapepam No. SE-02/PM/2002 and SE-02/BL/2008. In accordance with the purpose of thestudy, the result of multiple regression showed that corporate governance affected the level of mandatorydisclosure compliance through the variable number of board and educational background of director. Othervariables, such as board size, the composition of independent commissioner, audit committee size, the compositionof independent audit committee members and number of audit committee meetings were not good predictorsfor level of mandatory disclosure compliance.
Financial Inclusion and Nigerian Economy (1990-2015)

This paper examined the effects of financial inclusion on the Nigerian economy (1990-2015). Financial inclusion is the provision of a broad range of high quality financial products such as savings, credit, insurance, payments and pension, which are affordable for the entire adult population especially the low income segments or disadvantaged economy. The objectives of the study were to determine the relationship between DMBs financial intermediation activities, financial deepening, and real GDP and to determine the relationship between financial inclusion and poverty eradication in Nigeria. The study employed the use of Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression technique and adopted the analytical method of data analysis. Using the e-view statistical software version 8.0 for test of hypotheses. The major findings were that DMBs’ financial intermediation activities, financial deepening, financial accessibility, institutional infrastructures all have positive significant effect on economy growth (Real GDP) while there was no relationship between financial inclusion and poverty eradication in Nigeria. Among several recommendations were the following: government creating and enabling environment for effective financial inclusion; the structures and platforms such as bank branches, ATM and POS terminals of conventional banks should be adequately equipped in order to enhance financial inclusion by bringing those captured by the informal sector, into the formal sector and; DMBs’ role in creating affordable services such as credit should attract further attention from CBN to reduce interest rate to SMEs and rural populace. The three-tiered KYC regime by the CBN is a step in the right direction.
The Usefulness of Accounting Information, Economic Variables, and Corporate Governance Measures to Predict Corporate Failure

This paper has the core aim of investigating the usefulness of employing accounting information, macroeconomic variables and corporate governance measures to predict corporate failure in an Egyptian setting. The empirical study is directed to adapting a corporate failure prediction model applied to a sample of Egyptian companies listed in the Egyptian stock market. A sample of 79 companies drawn from the 100 most actively traded firms listed in the Egyptian stock market has been used for the empirical testing. A pooled sample is formed covering the period 2000-2005 inclusive. The empirical study emphasized improving failure prediction accuracy by introducing two classes of variables besides financial ratios based on accounting information. These classes of variables are economic variables and corporate governance measures . Logistic regression analysis has been used to test the predictive accuracy of four models. Model I included accounting information only. Model II added economic variables to accounting information. Model III included corporate governance measures and accounting information. Finally, model IV employed these three classes of variables together. Analysis of the statistical testing results indicated that employing the three classes of variables together improved the prediction accuracy to reach 84.8% in the classification sample and 78.2% in the validation sample. Furthermore, model IV is used to predict failure up to three years prior to failure and therefore can provide a tool for failure prediction for enhancing auditing, investment and credit decisions in an Egyptian market setting.
Public sector accounting reforms: assessing Indonesia’s readiness towards implementing accrual accounting

The Indonesian government, following the global trends in adopting new public management practices, has seen the need for reforms in its public accounting practices. One of the reforms adopted by this country is the use of accrual based accounting system to improve the quality of financial reporting information and enhance public sector accountability and transparency. However, the introduction of a new accounting system is not an easy and simple process. There is a wide gap between changes to the concept of formal accounting practices and its ultimate development and implementation. As such, this study analyzes the readiness of the Indonesian public sector towards adoption of accrual accounting as part of the public sector reform efforts by reviewing relevant laws, guidelines and regulations. In this study, the framework adopted by the New Zealand government (Ouda, 2008) is used to analyze Indonesia’s readiness towards adopting the new system. The findings reveal that several initiatives were taken to support the adoption of the new system namely (a) enactment of new regulations and laws; (b) usage of varieties of communication channels to explain the system; and (c) obtaining inputs from the professional and academic accounting community. However, it is evident that the adoption of accrual accounting continues to face challenges and major inadequacies including insufficient training, lack of professional public sector accountants especially at the local government level, continued implementation of cash based budgeting together with non-integration of various information technology systems. Hence, these issues need to be addressed to ensure public sector readiness towards implementing accrual accounting in Indonesia.
Intracellular transport of herpes simplex virus gD occurs more rapidly in uninfected cells than in infected cells

A mouse L cell line which expresses the herpex simplex virus type 1 immediate-early polypeptides ICP4 and ICP47 was cotransfected with a cloned copy of the BglII L fragment of herpes simplex virus type 2, which includes the gene for gD, and the plasmid pSV2neo, which contains the aminoglycosyl 3'-phosphotransferase (agpt) gene conferring resistance to the antibiotic G418. A G418-resistant transformed cell line was isolated which expressed herpes simplex virus type 2 gD at higher levels than were found in infected cells. The intracellular transport and processing of gD was compared in transformed and infected cells. In the transformed Z4/6 cells gD was rapidly processed and transported to the cell surface; in contrast, the processing and cell surface appearance of gD in infected parental Z4 cells occurred at a much slower rate, and gD accumulated in nuclear membrane to a greater extent. Thus, the movement of HSV-2 gD to the cell surface in infected cells is retarded as viral glycoproteins accumulate in the nuclear envelope, probably because they interact with other viral structural components.
Are Overconfident CEOs Better Leaders? Evidence from Stakeholder Commitments

We find evidence that the leadership of overconfident chief executive officers (CEOs) induces stakeholders to take actions that contribute to the leader's vision. By being intentionally overexposed to the idiosyncratic risk of their firms, overconfident CEOs exhibit a strong belief in their firms’ prospects. This belief attracts suppliers beyond the firm's observable expansionary corporate activities. Overconfident CEOs induce more supplier commitments including greater relationship-specific investment and longer relationship duration. Overconfident CEOs also induce stronger labor commitments as employees exhibit lower turnover rates and greater ownership of company stock in benefit plans.
The Effect of Green Retrofitting on US Office Properties: An Investment Perspective

Buildings are responsible for over one-third of all resource consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and energy consumption. Commercial buildings represent approximately half of that total. In mature economies such as the United States, new construction annually represents only a small fraction of the existing stock of buildings. Hence, retrofitting of commercial buildings, through major renovation projects, is extremely important for sustainability within the built environment. Most studies of green building economics have focused on new construction. This paper is one of the first to focus specifically on retrofit green. Based on a larger sample than most previous studies of new construction, we quantify the magnitude of value enhancement created by green retrofit of US office buildings. This paper is also the first to consider the subsequent investment price dynamics effects of such sustainability. Methodologically, we introduce an innovative way to control for other effects to isolate the value impact and the investment risk and return impact of green retrofitting. We do this by applying a repeat-sales model of only (and all) buildings which will ultimately be retrofitted (in our sample). By using new real estate price indexing methodology, namely a structural time series model employing a hierarchical repeat-sales (HRS) specification, we can build statistically rigorous comparative price indexes of retrofit green, versus non-green, office buildings in the US, quarterly for the 2005-2014 period, even with relatively scarce transaction price data (441 pairs). We find substantial value enhancement in green retrofit projects (between 10% and 20%), and we find evidence that retrofitted green buildings provide investors with lower asset price volatility. But during and just after the Financial Crisis the premium dropped temporarily to near zero, suggesting that the demand for green property investment is income-elastic.
Individual wage determination in township, village and private enterprises in China

China has been a centrally planned economy for about forty years but recent marketoriented economic reform has brought significant change, especially to the rural economy where there has been a remarkable development of township, village and private non-agricultural enterprises (the TVP sector). In 1971 the share of the TVP sector in China's industrial production was 3 per cent. By 1986 it had increased to 21 per cent (Byrd and Lin, 1990). The TVP firms operate in a more competitive environment compared with the state sector. However, they are still restricted by many economic and social-political constraints, particularly in the labour market. This thesis examines individual wage determination in the TVP sector in the year of 1985. Up to 1985, the general situation of the TVP labour market appeared to be a mixture of old and new systems. On the one hand, the level of employment was mostly controlled by the community authorities. On the other hand, the majority of firms had decision-making power over wage setting. The emphasis of this thesis is placed on the applicability of the human capital model to the TVP wage determination. It is found that in the male labour market, labour market experience plays a very important role in the individual wage determination. However, the importance of the different experience variables (agricultural experience, firm tenure, other non-agricultural experience) varies between different employee groups (staff and workers). Agricultural and the other non-agricultural experience play an important role in staffs wage determination while firm tenure dominates other experience variables in workers' wage determination. The most unusual result for the total male sample analysis is an insignificant effect of education on individual wage determination. The analysis for the piece rate and time rate groups separately suggests that this insignificant effect reflects education having no impact on increasing labour productivity in the TVP sector due to most of the jobs being unskilled. However, a further analysis involving consideration of the effect of institutional change displays a new picture: education in fact has a significant impact on wage determination for the group of people who found their job by their own effort, while it is insignificant for those who were assigned to their job. The thesis also manages to show that these different results both reflect a labour productivity effect. Apart from these, the role of education as a screening device for the TVP job assignment is also confirmed. Women are paid 20 per cent less than men in the TVP sector. This pay differential arises mainly because of within occupational discrimination. Occupational segregation does not contribute heavily to this wage differential. A comparison with other studies shows that the experience-earnings profile for the TVP sector is like the case in the United States rather than in Japan, though the employment system in the TVP sector is similar to that in Japan.
High Performance Work Systems in the Intellectual Disability Care Sector in Ireland; an Exploratory Study at Organisational Level

There is a growing appreciation in the healthcare field of the importance of complementing physician expertise with more effective organisational processes and procedures (Flood 1994). Gowen et al (2006) suggest that Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) can effectively address hospital errors in tandem with quality management processes and procedures. To date, there is a growing wealth of research investigating how SHRM practices can increase organisational performance and competitiveness in the private sector. Unfortunately, this is not true of the healthcare sector, or indeed the Intellectual Disability Care (IDC) Sector where there remains a dearth of research addressing the linkages between HRM and organisational effectiveness. The purpose of this paper is two fold. Firstly, the paper will examine the literature investigating SHRM in healthcare, with reference to the IDC Sector where possible, focussing specifically on High Performance Work Systems (HPWS). Secondly, the paper will focus on how far HPWS have expanded in the sector at an organisational level from a management perspective. A postal questionnaire was chosen as the means of gathering this information. One questionnaire was sent to the human resource manager in each IDC centre in Ireland. The findings provide us with some important insights into the differential utilisation of the components of HPWS across the sector. The areas of HPWS in which the centres achieved the highest score were service user focus and teamwork. The area scored least favourably was communication between management and employees.