Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Glucose in Self-Control

The strength model suggests that self-control relies on a limited resource. One candidate for this resource is glucose. Counter to the proposals of the glucose hypothesis, this study argues that the resource issue is one of allocation, not of limited supply. It addresses the argument from three perspectives: the evolution of mental processes at the species level, the adaptation of these same processes at the individual level, and the physiology of glucose transport. It is argued here that the brain has both sufficient resources and resource delivery mechanisms with which to support self-control but that these resources are allocated in accordance with personal priorities. As an alternative to the limited resource model, the current study proposes a resource-allocation model of self-control and presents several testable hypotheses.
Accuracy in Categorizing Perceptually Ambiguous Groups

Since the 1940s, social psychologists have conducted research testing whether it is possible to accurately identify members of perceptually ambiguous groups. This study quantitatively reviews the research on the perception of ambiguous groups to better understand the human capacity to accurately identify others based on very subtle nonverbal cues. Standard random-effects meta-analytic techniques were used to examine the distinctions between different target groups in terms of their identifiability, as well as to compare rates of accuracy across perceptual modalities (e.g., photographs, audio, video) and other study design differences. Overall, the accuracy of identifying targets was significantly better than chance guessing (i.e., 64.5%). Furthermore, stimulus modality was found to be a moderator of accuracy. Other moderators (e.g., time of exposure, analytic approach) were identified and examined. These data help to document and characterize broad trends in the proliferating and expanding study of the perception and categorization of ambiguous social groups.
Molecular Connectivity and Correlation Effects on Polymer Coacervation

Our ability to predict the thermodynamic phase behavior of a material system is a direct reflection on our understanding of the relevant interactions. Voorn–Overbeek (VO) theory, which combines Flory–Huggins polymer mixing with Debye–Huckel electrostatics, has been used to describe the associative liquid–liquid phase separation phenomenon known as complex coacervation since the 1950s. The long-standing utility of this theory stems from its simplicity coupled with its apparent agreement with physical systems. VO theory has also served as the starting point for a large class of field theories that predict similar phase behaviors. Recent work using new hybrid simulation methods demonstrates novel coacervate-driven self-assembly is strongly affected by molecular details. Liquid state (LS) theory suggests there are fundamental reasons for this observation and that agreement between VO and experiment is fortuitous. It is hypothesized that VO/experimental matching is due to a cancellation of errors arising from .
Nutrient intake and body composition in relation to making weight in young male Taekwondo players

Purpose – The purpose of the current study was to investigate the nutritional intake and body composition of Taekwondo (TKD) athletes during a two‐week period of weight management as they prepare to make weight classification for an international competition.Design/methodology/approach – Seven male, 17‐28 years old, international TKD athletes were recruited from a known World Taekwondo Federation TKD Club in London. Habitual and pre‐competition dietary intake was assessed using a three‐day and a five‐day food diary, respectively. Body weight and percentage body fat (Holtain Calipers, seven sites) were measured at the beginning of the study and 24h before competition. Body weight was also measured on the day of competition.Findings – Energy, total carbohydrate, calcium and water intakes were below recommendations for athletes, particularly, before competition and consumption of fat and salt exceeded recommendations. Compared with baseline, the two‐week weight management period induced a significant reducti.
Universal Flu Vaccines: Primum non nocere

It’s exciting to envision universal flu vaccines, but first we need to better understand the balance of effects caused by neutralizing and nonneutralizing antibodies. Envisioning universal influenza vaccines that induce antibodies to conserved viral epitopes is exciting, but first we need to better understand the balance of effects caused by neutralizing and nonneutralizing antibodies (Khurana et al., this issue).
The Theory of Dyadic Morality: Reinventing Moral Judgment by Redefining Harm

The nature of harm—and therefore moral judgment—may be misunderstood. Rather than an objective matter of reason, we argue that harm should be redefined as an intuitively perceived continuum. This redefinition provides a new understanding of moral content and mechanism—the constructionist Theory of Dyadic Morality (TDM). TDM suggests that acts are condemned proportional to three elements: norm violations, negative affect, and—importantly—perceived harm. This harm is dyadic, involving an intentional agent causing damage to a vulnerable patient (A→P). TDM predicts causal links both from harm to immorality (dyadic comparison) and from immorality to harm (dyadic completion). Together, these two processes make the “dyadic loop,” explaining moral acquisition and polarization. TDM argues against intuitive harmless wrongs and modular “foundations,” but embraces moral pluralism through varieties of values and the flexibility of perceived harm. Dyadic morality impacts understandings of moral character, moral emotion, and political/cultural differences, and provides research guidelines for moral psychology.
Endovascular Treatment of Blunt Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Injury

Blunt traumatic thoracic aortic injury (BTTAI) is a lethal injury associated with a prehospital mortality of 80% to 90%. Patients arriving in the emergency room and considered appropriate to undergo emergency open surgical repair still have a mortality rate of 15% to 30% because of severe associated injuries. Conventional open surgical repair requires a left thoracotomy, single lung ventilation, aortic-cross clamping and unclamping, with or without the adjunct use of partial or full cardiopulmonary bypass and systemic heparinization. All this leads to significant physiological stress and surgical trauma resulting in perioperative complications such as major blood loss, coagulopathy, myocardial infarction, stroke, respiratory failure, renal failure, bowel infarction, and paraplegia. Despite advances in anesthesia, critical care medicine, and surgical techniques, a recent meta-analysis showed no definite improvement in operative mortality over the past decade, following open surgical repair in patients with BTTAI. Endovascular repair of BTTAI does not require a thoracotomy, single lung ventilation, aorticcross clamping and unclamping, or systemic heparinization. As a result, endovascular repair of BTTAI has emerged as an effective, minimally invasive treatment alternative, especially in patients with severe concomitant injuries, which may be prohibitive to open surgical repair. Recent published studies have shown that endovascular repair of BTTAI is associated with lower morbidity, mortality, stroke, and paraplegia/paraparesis rates, when compared with open surgical repair of BTTAI.
"Fuzzy" versus "nonfuzzy" in combining classifiers designed by Boosting

Boosting is recognized as one of the most successful techniques for generating classifier ensembles. Typically, the classifier outputs are combined by the weighted majority vote. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the advantages of some fuzzy combination methods for ensembles of classifiers designed by Boosting. We ran two-fold cross-validation experiments on six benchmark data sets to compare the fuzzy and nonfuzzy combination methods. On the "fuzzy side" we used the fuzzy integral and the decision templates with different similarity measures. On the "nonfuzzy side" we tried the weighted majority vote as well as simple combiners such as the majority vote, minimum, maximum, average, product, and the Naive-Bayes combination. In our experiments, the fuzzy combination methods performed consistently better than the nonfuzzy methods. The weighted majority vote showed a stable performance, though slightly inferior to the performance of the fuzzy combiners.
A Zebrafish Compound Screen Reveals Modulation of Neutrophil Reverse Migration as an Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism

The proresolution therapeutic tanshinone IIA drives inflammation resolution by reverse migration. An Anti-Inflammatory Fish Story Inflammation is one way the body tries to protect itself from injury and begin the healing process. However, as with any good thing, too much inflammation can be harmful, causing bystander injuries to healthy tissue. Hence, there is an active mechanism to resolve inflammation; failed resolution contributes to diseases of chronic inflammation such as atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Now, Robertson et al. use a zebrafish screening platform to identify new means of resolving inflammation. The authors used a transgenic zebrafish model of sterile tissue injury to screen potential factors involved in inflammation resolution. They found that tanshinone IIA, which is derived from a Chinese medicinal herb, had proresolving activity by both inducing neutrophil apoptosis and promoting reverse migration of neutrophils. What’s more, these effects were not limited to their zebrafish model but held true in human neutrophils. Although efficacy remains to be tested in actual patients, these data support “fishing” for new drug candidates for resolving inflammation. Diseases of failed inflammation resolution are common and largely incurable. Therapeutic induction of inflammation resolution is an attractive strategy to bring about healing without increasing susceptibility to infection. However, therapeutic targeting of inflammation resolution has been hampered by a lack of understanding of the underlying molecular controls. To address this drug development challenge, we developed an in vivo screen for proresolution therapeutics in a transgenic zebrafish model. Inflammation induced by sterile tissue injury was assessed for accelerated resolution in the presence of a library of known compounds. Of the molecules with proresolution activity, tanshinone IIA, derived from a Chinese medicinal herb, potently induced inflammation resolution in vivo both by induction of neutrophil apoptosis and by promoting reverse migration of neutrophils. Tanshinone IIA blocked proinflammatory signals in vivo, and its effects are conserved in human neutrophils, supporting a potential role in treating human inflammation and providing compelling evidence of the translational potential of this screening strategy.
Mass in an Culture

In this report we describe the circumstances surrounding an outbreak of mass hysteria among first year female university students. The outbreak was precipitated by a state of panic over the possibility of a fire which turned out to be harmless fumes from a locally used burning perfume. Twenty-three cases presented to the emergency room with symptoms of respiratory distress associated with marked emotional reactions. The outbreak was controlled by separating the patients, and the lack of media coverage facilitated this process. Cases with persistent and severe symptoms were those having physical and psychological problems prior to the occurrence of the outbreak. Individual vulnerability factors deserve special consideration in the management of mass hysteria since they are likely to influence the response to treatment.
WLC40-1: Fluid-based Analysis of TCP Veno with RED

In this paper, we develop a fluid-flow model of TCP Veno with RED queue management, and use this model to analyze its equilibrium state stability and throughput. On the stability side, our model reveals the relationship between Veno AIMD parameters and system stability region. On the throughput side, our model derives a closed-form throughput formula for bulk transfer TCP Veno flow. We found that, it is possible to vary Veno AIMD parameters to get higher throughput, but more throughput enhancement by TCP Veno will cause more oscillation in the router queue. The simulation results validated our analysis.
Effects of Parasternal Block on Acute and Chronic Pain in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Surgery

Background. Sternotomy causes considerable postoperative pain and postoperative pain management encompasses different analgesic regimens. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of peroperative parasternal block with levobupivacaine on acute and chronic pain after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Materials and Methods. A total of 81 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery were included in this study. Patients were randomly allocated by opening an envelope to receive either parasternal block with pharmacologic analgesia (group P; before sternal wire placement: sternotomy and mediastinal tube sites were infiltrated with local anesthetics) or pharmacologic analgesia alone (group C) for postoperative pain relief. All patients received intravenous tramadol with patient-controlled analgesia at the end of the surgery. Demographic characteristics, vital signs, tramadol consumption, analgesic intake, and intensity of pain with a visual analogue scale were recorded for each patient. Six months after surgery, the patients’ type of chronic pain was evaluated using the Leeds Assessment Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs pain scale questionnaire. Results. Patients who received parasternal block experienced less pain and needed less opioid analgesic (125.75 ± 28.9 mg in group P vs 213.17 ± 61.25 mg in group C) for 24 hours postoperatively (P < .001). There was no significant difference in nociceptive and neuropathic pain between the groups. Conclusion. Parasternal block had a benefical effect on the management of postoperative acute pain and decreased opioid consumption after surgery but had no significant effect in chronic post surgical pain.
A Novel MUI-Free VSF-MC-CDMA Architecture for WLANs

In this paper we generalize the traditional Walsh code to a novel spreading code, whose ideal spectral correlation properties can be utilized in MC-CDMA system to resist multiuser interference (MUI) under multipath channel conditions. We also propose the application style of the new spreading code in MC-CDMA, so that the system not only provides MUI-free performance, but also supports multi-rate services flexibly by using spreading codes with variable-spreading-factor. These advantages make the proposed MC-CDMA system a promising candidate for future WLANs. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that the proposed system has better BER performance than traditional Walsh code based MC-CDMA, and has higher capacity than the MUI-free MC-CDMA in Ref. [6] under most channel conditions.
Is it possible to estimate the Morphology Score of Platelets stored for Transfusion by Volume-Determination with an optical Cell Counter? Optical Cell Sizing and Platelet Morphology

The optical cell counter Technicon H-1 jr.TM measures platelet size as well als number. The influence of platelet shape on the volume determination is investigated with a view to application to routine quality control of platelet concentrates (PC). Platelets made spherical by EDTA had a higher mean platelet volume (mpv) and a lower platelet distribution width (pdw) compared with citrate anticoagulated platelet rich plasma (PRP). The morphology score and the mpv in stored PC decreased during a 6 day storage period, while the pdw increased. Diffpdw, a parameter related to reversible alterations, also decreased. It correlated better with the morphology score than mpv. It is suggested that volume determination is influenced by platelet morphology, but application to routine quality control is not satisfactory.
New Approach on Robust Delay-Dependent  ${H}_\infty$ Control for Uncertain T--S Fuzzy Systems With Interval Time-Varying Delay

This paper investigates the robust H infin control for Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with interval time-varying delay. By employing a new and tighter integral inequality and constructing an appropriate type of Lyapunov functional, delay-dependent stability criteria are derived for the control problem. Because neither any model transformation nor free weighting matrices are employed in our theoretical derivation, the developed stability criteria significantly improve and simplify the existing stability conditions. Also, the maximum allowable upper delay bound and controller feedback gains can be obtained simultaneously from the developed approach by solving a constrained convex optimization problem. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
From Hitler’s Sweater to Dinosaur Fossils: An Essentialist Outlook on Authenticity

Over the past two decades, the concept of authenticity has been the subject of considerable disagreement and debate. Although there have been attempts at reconciling various existing approaches, the literature is still short on a definition that is both practical and precise. This article proposes to make significant headway to that effect by suggesting that authenticity can be accounted for by an underlying psychological phenomenon known as essentialism. In making our case, we first provide an overview of present-day objectivist and constructivist positions and point out their shortcomings, after which we introduce an essentialist account of authenticity. We then argue essentialism has profound benefits over contemporary views and might be the best overarching framework we have, if we intend to reach consensus on the meaning of authenticity.
Obesity Predicts Differential Response to Cancer Prevention Interventions Among African Americans

Wellness for African Americans Through Churches was a randomized trial that tested the effectiveness of tailored print and video (TPV) and/or lay health advisors (LHA) at increasing recreational physical activity (RPA), fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption, and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in African American churches. Baseline data revealed lower screening and RPA rates among obese individuals but no weight-related differences in F&V consumption. This analysis examined if intervention effectiveness was also moderated by participant weight group. Regression analyses tested for interactions between intervention and weight group for screening and RPA. Weight group was found to be a moderator of intervention effectiveness (p = .02); normal and overweight individuals receiving the LHA intervention increased RPA more, whereas obese individuals responded better to TPV. For CRC screening, the interaction term was not significant; weight alone was related to screening at follow-up (p = .049), with obese individuals reporting less screening. These results suggest that weight tailoring may improve the effectiveness of behavior change interventions.
Hipertensão arterial na cidade de São Paulo: prevalência referida por contato telefônico

amostra foi calculada com prevalencia estimada de hipertensao em 20,0%. Resultados: A prevalencia referida de hipertensao foi de 23,0% e 9,0% dos entrevistados referiram que o valor de sua ultima medida da pressao foi maior que 140/90 mmHg, porem nao tinham conhecimento de que eram hipertensos, totalizando uma prevalencia de 32,0%. Os hipertensos referiram que: 89,0% fazem tratamento e 35,2% estavam controlados; 27,0% faltam as consultas; 16,2% deixam de tomar os remedios; 14,8% apresentam historia de acidente vascular encefalico, 27,8% cardiopatia e 38,7% hipercolesterolemia; 71,2% receberam orientacao para diminuir sal, 64,6% para realizar atividade fisica, 60,0% para perder peso e 26,2% para controlar estresse; e 78,9% mediam a pressao regularmente. Houve relacao estatisticamente significante (p < 0,05) para: 1) faltar as consultas com maior tempo de tratamento e acompanhamento irregular de saude; 2) deixar de tomar os remedios com tabagismo, etilismo e a nao realizacao de acompanhamento de saude; 3) realizar tratamento para hipertensao com dislipidemia, idade mais elevada e maior tempo de uso de anticoncepcional, no caso das mulheres; e 4) indice de massa corporal alterado com presenca de diabete, hipercolesterolemia, pressao sistolica nao controlada e uso de mais de um anti-hipertensivo. Conclusao: A prevalencia referida de hipertensao na cidade de Sao Paulo assemelha-se a prevalencia identificada em outros estudos. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2010; [online]. ahead print, PP.0-0)
A Voronoi Approach for Coverage Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

The Voronoi Diagram(VD) is a fundamental algorithm for resolving the coverage problems of wireless sensor networks. Most VD based coverage algorithms collect global location information and construct a VD using a centralized construction algorithm. However, the collection process of global location information is expensive and can not be guaranteed in all scenarios. Based on a localized VD construction algorithm this paper proposes a region coverage algorithm and a fully sponsored coverage algorithm where the GPS requirement for global location awareness is removed. The performance of such algorithms is evaluated by the complexity and message cost through a set of simulation experiments. The results show that our algorithms are better in both aspects when they are compared to the centralized region coverage algorithms and central angle algorithm. The performance and flexibility of our algorithms make them a potential solution for regional coverage and off- duty applications.
Delayed Impulsive Control of Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Delay Systems

In this paper, the problem of exponential stability for Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy delay systems with delayed impulses is addressed. By means of the time-dependent Lyapunov function method combined with Razumikhin technique, a sufficient condition expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) is obtained for exponential stability of T-S fuzzy delay systems with delayed impulses. The derived stability condition depends both on the lower bound and the upper bound of impulsive intervals, which is robust with respect to small impulse input delays. By solving a set of LMIs, an impulsive state feedback controller can be easily constructed. Two numerical examples are discussed to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical findings.