Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The genus Grateloupia C. Agardh (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) in the Thau Lagoon (France, Mediterranean): a case study of marine plurispecific introductions

M. Verlaque, P.M. Brannock, T. Komatsu, M. Villalard-Bohnsack and M. Marston. 2005. The genus Grateloupia C. Agardh (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) in the Thau Lagoon (France, Mediterranean): a case study of marine plurispecific introductions. Phycologia 44: 477–496. Based on morphological data and molecular analyses [Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS), rbcL and mitochondrial cox2-cox3 spacer sequences] of Grateloupia spp. populations in the Thau Lagoon (France, Mediterranean) we demonstrated that at least five exotic species of Grateloupia were introduced. These include: (1) Grateloupia asiatica, a recently described species that was previously misidentified as G. filicina in Japan and Grateloupia sp. in the Thau Lagoon; (2) G. lanceolata from Japan; (3) G. luxurians, a Pacific species described as G. filicina var. luxurians; (4) G. patens from Japan; and (5) G. turuturu, a Japanese species previously misidentified as G. doryphora in the NE and NW Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. These nonnative species probably were introduced in the Thau Lagoon in the 1970s along with the massive importations of Japanese oysters, Crassostrea gigas, into Europe for mariculture purposes. Since their introduction, they all have established large, reproductive populations with the exception of G. patens. The Mediterranean Grateloupia specimens are genetically and morphologically similar to Pacific specimens of the same species, although in the Thau Lagoon, G. asiatica specimens are morphologically more variable than those found in Japanese populations. This is the first report of G. asiatica in the Mediterranean Sea and Europe. Based on morphological data and molecular analyses (rbcL sequences) G. subpectinata is placed in synonymy with G. luxurians.
Selection of Maize Genotypes with Tolerance to Osmotic Stress Associated with Salinity

Thirteen different inbred lines in relation to the type of grain and life cycles were characterized by testing for osmotic stress associated with salinity. The identification of tolerant genotypes would be an effective strategy to overcome the saline stress. Osmotic stress reduces immediately the expansion of the roots and young leaves which determine a reduction in the size of the plant. A completely randomized design was adopted to test seedlings under controlled conditions of light and temperature. Two treatments were used: 0 mM NaCl (as control) and 100 mM NaCl. After 15 days of complete salinization, the seedlings were harvested and several morphological traits were measured. The morphological traits of growth were leaf growth (Ar1, Ar2, Ar3 and Ar4), dry masses of shoot and root (SDM and RDM, respectively). Also, traits associated with water economy were registered: leaf water loss (LWL) and relative water content (RWC). The morphological traits were expressed in relative terms, while the traits associated with the economy of water were expressed in absolute terms. Uni and multivariate techniques were applied to identify genotypes with divergent behaviors to osmotic stress tolerance. Also, a Tolerance Index was employed to identify superior genotypes. Four clusters were obtained after applying a Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The genotypes were compared to each other with a test of DMS. The results obtained with different statistical techniques converged. Some variables presented a differential weight classification of genotypes. The morphological traits like RDM, SDM, Ar3, Ar4 and Ar5 were the most discriminating. Tolerance Index allowed to classify genotypes, thus SC2 and AD3 lines were that reached highest value of the index and therefore would be tolerant lines, while AF3 and LP3 had a low index and were seen as sensible.
Performance of hospital spaces in summer : A case study of a ‘ Nucleus ’-type hospital in the UK Midlands

Nucleus-type Hospital in Glenfield comprises connected cruciform blocks with numerous small courtyards between. The hospital has mechanical ventilation and perimeter heating. The wards have a hybrid ventilation strategy with a low rate of mechanical ventilation. Ventilation through windows is the main source of summer time cooling. This paper investigates the summer time performance of spaces that are mechanically ventilated but passively cooled. The paper presents the measured indoor temperatures in selected hospital spaces and compares them with thermal comfort criteria. Finally, future summer conditions for the ward space are predicted using a calibrated multi zone dynamic thermal model. During June to September 2010, the maximum indoor temperatures in the case study spaces varied between 27.3 oC and 29.3 oC. The nurse station was found to be the hottest area. During this period the performance of most of the monitored spaces was reasonably within the thermal comfort threshold as defined by HTM03-01. The simulation results demonstrate that light-touch low carbon interventions could produce comfortable conditions in bedrooms into the 2050s in UK Midlands.
A note on asymptotic normality of kernel deconvolution density estimator with logarithmic Chi-square noise: with application in volatility density estimation

This paper studies the asymptotic normality for kernel deconvolution estimator when the noise distribution is logarithmic Chi-square, both identical and independently distributed observations and strong mixing observations are considered. The dependent case of the result is applied to obtaining the pointwise asymptotic distribution of the deconvolution volatility density estimator in a discrete-time stochastic volatility models. JEL Classification: C13, C22, C46, C58.
Evaluation of fruit-seed based diets for parrots (Amazona sp): II-determination of digestibility, nitrogen balance, consumption and metabolizable energy

A diet based on papaw, banana, cooked corn, cooked mixture (90.1% ground corn, 6.3% meat meal, 2.7% oyster meal, 0.9% salt), vegetable stem, sunflower, and popcorn was evaluated for parrots in captivity (Amazona sp.). This experiment was performed in 2 Blue-fronted-parrot (A. aestiva), 1 Yellow-faced-parrot (A. xanthops), 1 Vinaceous-breasted-parrot (A. vinacea), 1 Festive-parrot (A. festiva) and 1 Orange-winged-parrot (A. amazonica) housed in cages. Food intake was checked during a 10-day work and total feces was collected on the last 5 days. Each food was weighed separately and the consumption of each one determined. Mean dry matter (DM) consumption was 3.35 % of live weight (LW) per day. Mean dry matter apparent metabolization coefficient (80.8%), apparently metabolizable energy coefficient (87.36%) and apparently metabolizable energy coefficient corrected for nitrogen retention (86.56%) indicate good feed utilization. Parrots had an average consumption of crude protein of 1.91 gram per bird/day, with an average retention of 0.08 mg nitrogen per bird/ day. Daily apparently metabolizable energy intake was 137.9 kcal/LW ,75 , and this value was similar to that given by the equations of ASCHOFF & POHL (1970) and National Research Council (1994).
Frugivory and dispersal of Spondias purpurea (Anacardiaceae) in a tropical deciduous forest in México

Los frutos del arbol Spondias pu.rpurea L. son un recurso atractivo para los animales del bosque tropical caducifolio en Jalisco, Mexico. Se observaron ocho especies de mamiferos. dos de aves, una de reptil y una de hormiga consumiendo los frutos; solamente dos de estas son normalmente frugivoras. Los frutos tienen un alto contenido de agua y maduran en los meses de mayor estres por calor y escasez de agua (mayo y junio). La estimacion de la densidad de arboles adultos fue de 7.5 ± 2 . 4 (DS) individuos/ha; cerca del 50% fueron hembras reproductivas en esta poblacion dioica. Solamente el 38% de las hembras dieron mas de 500 frutos. Los frutos tuvieron un peso fresco promedio de 7.5 ± 1.9 g. La produccion de frutos se estimo en 14.9 ± 4.8 kglha. El embalaje de las semillas vario dentro y entre arboles; f ueron diferentes entre arboles el numero de carpelos y la masa del fruto pero 00 el numero de semillas
AN INVESTIGATION OF FEEDBACK SEEKING BEHAVIORS, SOURCE CREDIBILITY, AND IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT AS A FUNCTION OF GOAL ORIENTATION

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . v LIST OF TABLES . viii LIST OF FIGURES . ix CHAPTER ONE LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction . 1 Goal Orientation . 4 Personality Characteristics . 7 Feedback Seeking Behaviors . 11 Hypotheses 1-7b . 18 Hypotheses 8-8b . 21 Tenure . 22 CHAPTER TWO METHOD Participants . 24 Procedure . 25 Measures . 26 Goal Orientation in a Work Setting . 26 Feedback Seeking-Inquiry Performance Behaviors . 27 Feedback Seeking-Monitoring Performance Behaviors . 29 Feedback Source Credibility . 29 Impression Management-Job Focused . 30 Conscientiousness-HEXACO-60. 31
Magnetotelluric measurements across the Beattie magnetic anomaly and the Southern Cape Conductive Belt, South Africa

[1] The Beattie Magnetic Anomaly (BMA) and the Southern Cape Conductive Belt (SCCB), two of Earth's largest continental geophysical anomalies, extend across the southern African continent in an east-west direction. To resolve structural details of the SCCB, a high-resolution magnetotelluric study was conducted in March 2004, along a 150-km-long N-S profile across the Karoo Basin in South Africa. A two-dimensional conductivity model at a scale of the entire crust exhibits three distinct zones of high conductivity: (1) Beneath the surface trace of the axis of the BMA we observe a high-conductivity anomaly at 5 to 10 km depth; however, it remains enigmatic whether both geophysical anomalies have the same source. (2) A shallow, regionally continuous subhorizontal band of high conductivity can be linked to a 50- to 70-m-thick pyritic-carbonaceous marker horizon intersected in deep boreholes. (3) Several highly conductive synformal features in the mid crust are newly imaged near the northern extremity of the profile. Our data generally support the existence of a deeper conductivity belt but allow for a much better definition of crustal conductivity in this region. Such laterally confined zones of crustal conductivity can only be resolved with a dense site spacing and broadband recordings.
Occurrence of polar mesosphere summer echoes at very high latitudes

Abstract. Observations of polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE) have been carried out during the summer periodes 1999–2001 and 2003–2004 at the very high latitude of 78° N using the SOUSY Svalbard Radar (53.5 MHz) at Longyearbyen. Although the measurements could not be done continuously in these seasons, PMSE have been detected over more than 6600 h of 9300 h of observation time overall. Using this data base, particular PMSE occurrence characteristics have been determined. PMSE at Svalbard appear from the middle of May to the end of August with an almost permanent total occurrence in June and July. Diurnal variations are observable in the height-depend occurrence rates and in PMSE thickness, they show a maximum around 09:00–10:00 UTC and a minimum around 21:00–22:00 UTC. PMSE occur nearly exclusively between a height of 80 km and 92 km with a maximum near 85 km. However, PMSE appear not simultaneously over the entire height range, the mean vertical PMSE extension is around 4–6 km in June and July. Furthermore, typically PMSE are separated into several layers, and only 30% of all PMSE are single layers. The probability of multiple layers is greater in June and July than at the beginning and the end of the PMSE season and shows a marked 5-day-variation. The same variation is noticeable in the seasonal dependence of the PMSE occurrence and the PMSE thickness. We finally discuss potential geophysical processes to explain our observational results.
Antioxidant and insecticidal effect of squirting cucumber, Ecballium elaterium extracts against Aphis craccivora and Phthorimaea operculella

The aim of this study was to test the antioxidant and insecticidal activity of these extracts against, Aphis craccivora (Homoptera: Aphididae) and Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidea). Results showed that the antioxidant activity of different extracts ranged from 10 to 1000 μl/ml. Where found that ethanolic and acetone extracts were having higher activity than other extracts and standard by radical DPPH scavenging and Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Identification of phenolic compounds of ethanolic extract was carried out by GC / MS / MS analysis. It has been shown that, E. elaterium may contain compounds that can act as botanical pesticides. Three concentrations (100, 500 and 1000 μg/ml) of each dry extract were obtained by dissolving the dry extract in 0.01% solution of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The Results showed that the high concentration (1000μg/ml) of the extracts caused high mortality of A. craccivora adults after 72h from exposure. Both the acetone and ethanol extracts showed higher mortality (68 and 71% respectively) than the hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts (42, 58 and 63%, respectively). All extracts reduced larval penetration deterrent of P. operculella at concentration 1000 ug/ml. The data demonstrated that ethanol, chloroform and acetone extracts were highest reduction percentage of larval penetration of P. operculella 70.5%, 72.1% and 73.3%, respectively, at the same concentration.
What controls the low ice number concentration in the upper troposphere

Abstract. Cirrus clouds in the tropical tropopause play a key role in regulating the moisture entering the stratosphere through their dehydrating effect. Low ice number concentrations ( Including the effect from water vapour deposition on pre-existing ice particles can effectively reduce simulated in-cloud ice number concentrations for all model setups. A larger water vapour deposition coefficient (α = 1) can also efficiently reduce ice number concentrations at temperatures below 205 K, but less so at higher temperatures. SOA acting as IN is most effective at reducing ice number concentrations when the effective updraft velocities are moderate ( ∼ 0.05–0.2 m s−1). However, the effects of including SOA as IN and using (α = 1) are diminished when the effect from pre-existing ice is included. When a grid-resolved large-scale updraft velocity (
Coupled organic synthesis and mineral alteration on meteorite parent bodies

Abstract— The hypothesis that the soluble fraction of the organic compounds present in carbonaceous chondrite meteorites was formed during aqueous alteration of the parent body was tested with mass‐transfer, reaction‐path calculations. In these calculations, we start with likely compositions of the original parent body and asteroidal fluids that are far from thermodynamic equilibrium, and metastable and stable equilibrium constraints are imposed as the total Gibbs free energy of the parent body environment is minimized. The results of these calculations suggest that the classes of soluble organic compounds present in carbonaceous chondrite meteorites could have formed during relatively low temperature aqueous alteration of the meteorite parent body or bodies. The main controls on the potential for synthesis and transformation of organic compounds were the oxidation state of the rock/fluid system, the bulk composition of that system, and the temperatures that were achieved during the alteration event or events. It also appears that the alteration mineral assemblages were influenced by the presence of soluble organic compounds and reaction among them.
Field Test of Multi-hop Image Sensing Network Prototype in a City Scale

Wireless multimedia sensor network drastically stretches the horizon of traditional monitoring and surveillance systems, of which most existing research have utilised Zigbee or WiFi as the communication technology. Both technologies use ultra high frequencies (mainly 2.4 GHz) and suffer from relatively short transmission range (i.e. 100 meters line-of-sight). The objective of this paper is to assess the feasibility and potential of transmitting image information using RF modules with lower frequencies (e.g. 433 MHz) in order to achieve a larger scale deployment such as a city scenario. Arduino platform is used for its low cost and simplicity. The details of hardware properties are elaborated in the article, followed by an investigation of optimum configurations for the system. Upon an initial range testing outcome of over 2000 meters line-of-sight transmission distance, the prototype network has been installed in a real life city plot for further examination of performance. A range of suitable applications has been proposed along with suggestions for future research.
Hyperglycémie dans les maladies aiguës - un risque sucré

Les résultats des études UKPDS et DCCT nous ont appris que l’hyperglycémie chronique est à long terme à la source de complications graves chez les diabétiques, surtout dans le secteur microvasculaire [1, 2]. Des études très récentes montrent de plus en plus que la correction de l’hyperglycémie aiguë permet elle aussi de prévenir les complications et améliore le pronostic des maladies graves. Les diabétiques réagissent aux maladies aiguës par une ascension de leur glucose plasmatique; mais plusieurs types de stress tels qu’infarctus du myocarde, accident, septicémie ou accident vasculaire cérébral provoquent une hyperglycémie même chez les non-diabétiques. L’hyperglycémie de stress chez les grands malades a été décrite pour la première fois en 1942 par David Cuthbertson, et dure normalement 10 à 14 jours. Nous en savons maintenant plus sur les mécanismes provoquant une hyperglycémie en situation de stress.
What (If Anything) Do Satisfaction Scores Tell Us About the Intertemporal Change in Living Conditions?

This paper looks at the information content of satisfaction scores. It is argued that the information content depends on the extent to which people adapt to living conditions in general. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP), the estimation of a dynamic panel data model provides evidence that adaptation takes place within a relatively short window of time: changes in living conditions are, for the most part, absorbed by an adjustment of the adaptation level within one year. This leads to the conclusion that the information content of satisfaction scores accentuates recent changes in living conditions. Remote changes are notcaptured by the according survey questions, even if these changes have long-term impact on living conditions. The usefulness of satisfaction scores as an indicator of people's living conditions is discussed.
PATTERNS OF FLOWER AND INFLORESCENCE ARCHITECTURE IN CROCUS L. (IRIDACEAE)

In Crocus, inflorescence characters are widely used for intrageneric systematics. Despite of this, spatial relations of flowers and involucral leaves are poorly documented. The focus of our study was the paracladial region and spatha leaves of C. flavus and C. vernus. The first indication of the lateral position of the flower in both species was zygomorphy of the androecium and gynoecium. In other Iridaceae (Freesia, Gladiolus) stamens also have unequal length. The homeotic substitution of stamens by petaloid organs makes zygomorphy in Freesia more distinct, thus we propose that flowers have a latent genetic program for zygomorphization. The second indication is the bidentate shape of bracts and bracteoles in C. flavus and tridentate structure of the basal involucre in C. vernus, which we interpret as a fusion of the foliage leaf and the prophyll of the inflorescence. The shape and the position of the lateral inflorescences (paracladia) were also investigated. In C. flavus, corms often born several paracladia in the axils of the green leaves, whereas in C. vernus we found a single paracladium in the axil of a scale inside the basal involucre. The correlation between the number of paracladia, their position and the spathe leaves were discovered. We propose to use these characters for the definition of two subgenera in Crocus.
Criticisms, Constraints and Constructions of Case Study Research Strategy

Case Study research strategy reveal specific insights from specific circumstances and it involves gaining understanding of phenomenon through the study of detailed activity within a particular real life context. Case study research is not a research method, it is a weapon for different research methods. It is the focus of the research that is special to the case study, a focus on the particular. The key is to draw rich, interconnected information from this particular focus of the research and derive unique insights from the analysis that follows. Case study research can be critical, positivist or interpretive in nature depending on the philosophic assumptions on what constitutes valid research. In case study research thesearch for particularity competes with the search for generalisability and as a result have attracted criticism on the ground of methodological weakness and rigour inadequacies. Criticism of the case study research as a research strategy is directed at many levels, from the most practical to the most abstract. This article will enumerate some of the criticisms, explain some of the constraints and provides techniques for constructing case study research.
Retrogradation of Gelatinized Potato Starch Studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

The retrogradation process of gelatinized potato starch was studied by DSC as a function of the aging temperature and water content. Differences in the retrogradation states dependent on these parameters were revealed by the pattern of the DSC curves. Potato starch aged at a low temperature after gelatinization gave a low endothermic onset temperature. As the starch content increased, retrogradation proceeded over a wider temperature range. The retrogradation proceeded even at 50°C for a starch content of 50%. The gelatinization enthalpy for granular starch was found to be 4 ~ 4.5 cal/g of dry starch. By contrast, the maximum gelatinization enthalpy obtained for retrograded starch was found to be as low as 2.5 cal/g of dry starch.
Growth and seasonal changes in energy content of young Baltic Sea herring (Clupea harengus L.)

Growth rates, hatch-date distributions and seasonal changes in energy content of larval and juvenile herring (Clupea harengus), the major Baltic Sea zooplanktivore, were studied in a coastal area. The first microstructure (ring) shown in the otoliths (sagittae) was formed at the end of the yolk-sac stage. The following rings occurred regularly and showed a pattern corresponding to daily growth rings, as described in the literature, and we used these rings to age the fish. The average growth rate was estimated at 0.37 mm d "1 and 0.58 mm d "1 for larval and metamorphosed herring, respectively. The overall growth for all young stages could be described with a fourth order polynomial relationship between length and age. Estimated hatching dates were distributed between March and June. This is earlier than normally assumed for the northern Baltic Sea and was probably caused by an early and warm spring in 1993. Our data indicate the highest survival for herring spawned from end of April to the middle of May. In terms of seasonal and yearly fluctuations in body composition, there was an increase in energy content from 2200 to 2800 J g "1 wet weight and 2900 to 4800 J g "1 wet weight for larval and metamorphosed herring, respectively, with nearly constant energy content during metamorphosis. 1996 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea