Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Technology and active agency of older adults living in service house environment

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore whether or not the assistive and safety technology that is currently used in service house environment supports the active agency of the elderly residents. Method: Twelve purposively chosen elderly residents were interviewed. The data were analyzed by theory-driven content analysis using the modalities of the agency-model as a theoretical frame. Results: The technological devices and systems partially support the active agency of the residents. Deterioration of their functioning seems to limit the use of devices as well as complicate their learning on how to use these systems. The respondents had only few insights of the possibilities that this technology could offer to them in their daily life and they were not expecting their functioning to improve in the future. The homeliness and intimacy of the environment was highly appreciated. Conclusions: Although the attitude towards technology was, in general, reserved, technology was seen as one possibility to support active agency. The current technologies seem to be designed from the needs of the organization and not from the needs of the residents. In the future, more emphasis needs to be put on designing individualized devices in cooperation with the users. Implications for Rehabilitation To support independence, autonomy and active agency of the older adults, the technological solutions must be based on perceived needs of the individual and the design should be adaptable to the functional limitations one has. Nursing staff’s knowledge about assistive devices and technologies need to be updated on regular bases in order to be able to recommend appropriate devices for the elderly. Taking into account the fact that many older adults have mild to moderate memory problems as well as difficulties with vision and hearing, more attention needs to be paid to didactics, i.e. how the introduction and guidance of the use of new technologies, assistive devices or safety systems is best done with them.
Effects of Long-Term Exercise of Moderate Intensity on Anthropometric Values and Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins

The influence of endurance training on serum lipids and lipoproteins was investigated in 20 sedentary males and 14 sedentary females. The total group was trained 3 to 4 times a week for 9 months. After 24 weeks all subjects ran a 15 km-race and after 36 weeks a half-marathon (21 km) race. Anthropometric values were determined before and after the training programme. Blood samples were drawn before the start of the training programme and, in order to avoid the measurement of acute effects, 5 days before both races. In the male group, median body weight and body mass were significantly decreased (p < 0.01) after nine months of training, while in the female group body weight and body mass index remained essentially unchanged. Percentage body fat, measured by skinfold thickness was significantly decreased in both groups at the end of the training programme. During the training period, median serum total cholesterol, low density lipid cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations decreased significantly (p < 0.01) in the male group, while in the female population the median serum lipid- and lipoprotein concentrations did not differ from pre-training values. The changes in serum lipids or lipoproteins did not correlate significantly with changes in body weight, body mass index or percentage body fat. Stepwise multiple regression showed that these changes were mostly dependent on initial concentrations in serum. Finally, no significant increase in median high density lipid cholesterol was observed in either the male or female group. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An Observational Study Using English Syndromic Surveillance Data Collected During the 2012 London Olympics – What did Syndromic Surveillance Show and What Can We Learn for Future Mass-gathering Events?

Abstract Introduction In preparation for the London 2012 Olympic Games, existing syndromic surveillance systems operating in England were expanded to include daily general practitioner (GP) out-of-hours (OOH) contacts and emergency department (ED) attendances at sentinel sites (the GP OOH and ED syndromic surveillance systems: GPOOHS and EDSSS). Hypothesis/Problem The further development of syndromic surveillance systems in time for the London 2012 Olympic Games provided a unique opportunity to investigate the impact of a large mass-gathering event on public health and health services as monitored in near real-time by syndromic surveillance of GP OOH contacts and ED attendances. This can, in turn, aid the planning of future events. Methods The EDSSS and GPOOHS data for London and England from July 13 to August 26, 2012, and a similar period in 2013, were divided into three distinct time periods: pre-Olympic period (July 13-26, 2012); Olympic period (July 27 to August 12); and post-Olympic period (August 13-26, 2012). Time series of selected syndromic indicators in 2012 and 2013 were plotted, compared, and risk assessed by members of the Real-time Syndromic Surveillance Team (ReSST) in Public Health England (PHE). Student’s t test was used to test any identified changes in pattern of attendance. Results Very few differences were found between years or between the weeks which preceded and followed the Olympics. One significant exception was noted: a statistically significant increase (P value = .0003) in attendances for “chemicals, poisons, and overdoses, including alcohol” and “acute alcohol intoxication” were observed in London EDs coinciding with the timing of the Olympic opening ceremony (9:00 pm July 27, 2012 to 01:00 am July 28, 2012). Conclusions Syndromic surveillance was able to provide near to real-time monitoring and could identify hourly changes in patterns of presentation during the London 2012 Olympic Games. Reassurance can be provided to planners of future mass-gathering events that there was no discernible impact in overall attendances to sentinel EDs or GP OOH services in the host country. The increase in attendances for alcohol-related causes during the opening ceremony, however, may provide an opportunity for future public health interventions. TodkillD, HughesHE, ElliotAJ, MorbeyRA, EdeghereO, HarcourtS, HughesT, EndericksT, McCloskeyB, CatchpoleM, IbbotsonS, SmithG. An observational study using English syndromic surveillance data collected during the 2012 London Olympics – what did syndromic surveillance show and what can we learn for future mass-gathering events? Prehosp Disaster Med. 2016;31(6):628–634.
Progression and regression of sleep-disordered breathing with changes in weight: the Sleep Heart Health Study.

BACKGROUND The relationship of weight changes to the incidence, progression, and remission of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is not well defined. This study aims to determine the relationship between change in weight and progression or remission of SDB by polysomnography. METHODS We performed a longitudinal cohort study of the cardiovascular consequences of sleep apnea in diverse US communities. Sleep apnea and polysomnographic indicators of SDB were assessed 5 years apart. RESULTS A total of 2968 men and women (mean age, 62 years) participated in the study. Men were more likely to have an increase in Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI) with a given increase in weight than were women, and this was not explained by differences in starting weight, waist circumference, age, or ethnicity. In a linear regression analysis, both men and women had a greater increase in RDI with weight gain than a decrease in RDI with weight loss. In a categorical analysis of larger degrees of change, this sex difference was also evident. Associations were similar in diverse ethnic groups. However, SDB progressed over time, even in those with stable weight. CONCLUSION Modest changes in weight were related to an increase or decrease in SDB, and this association was stronger in men than in women.
A resource of genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphisms generated by RAD tag sequencing in the critically endangered European eel

Reduced representation genome sequencing such as restriction‐site‐associated DNA (RAD) sequencing is finding increased use to identify and genotype large numbers of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in model and nonmodel species. We generated a unique resource of novel SNP markers for the European eel using the RAD sequencing approach that was simultaneously identified and scored in a genome‐wide scan of 30 individuals. Whereas genomic resources are increasingly becoming available for this species, including the recent release of a draft genome, no genome‐wide set of SNP markers was available until now. The generated SNPs were widely distributed across the eel genome, aligning to 4779 different contigs and 19 703 different scaffolds. Significant variation was identified, with an average nucleotide diversity of 0.00529 across individuals. Results varied widely across the genome, ranging from 0.00048 to 0.00737 per locus. Based on the average nucleotide diversity across all loci, long‐term effective population size was estimated to range between 132 000 and 1 320 000, which is much higher than previous estimates based on microsatellite loci. The generated SNP resource consisting of 82 425 loci and 376 918 associated SNPs provides a valuable tool for future population genetics and genomics studies and allows for targeting specific genes and particularly interesting regions of the eel genome.
Neuromuscular Blockade by Succinylcholine in Children

Electromyography was utilized to study the effects of succinylcholine in children. The effects of 0.3 mg. /kg. intravenously were inversely related to the age of the patient. During continuous infusion of succinylcholine, the dose required to decrease the compound action potential to 50 per cent of the control was inversely related to the age of the patient. No age relation was observed if 0.5 mg. / kg. was injected intravenously. The results indicated that the younger children were more resistant to the neuromuscular blockade produced by succinylcholine.
Heterogeneity of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS‐2) region within individual deer ticks

To determine whether nuclear rDNA sequences provide a useful means for assessing the structure of populations of Ixodes ticks, we compared variability among copies of an internal transcribed spacer (ITS‐2) sequence within individual ticks to the variability between ticks. At least 4% of the nucleotides comprising this sequence vary among the copies present within individual ticks. ITS‐2 diversity in each of two ticks is nearly half as great as that reported between ticks from geographically disparate populations. Because individual ticks retain ancestral polymorphism, ITS‐2 variation does not accurately reflect descent relationships among these ticks. Sequencing single copies of PCR‐amplified ITS‐2 therefore does not permit assessment of the phylogenetic relationships among the I. ricinus‐like ticks in eastern North America. We recommend caution in future analyses, and emphasize the importance of procedures designed to ensure that the many paralogous coples of the rDNA cistron have been sufficiently homogenized by concerted evolutionary processes. Such precautionary measures will make certain that phylogenetic trees based on these gene sequences reflect the phyletic relatedness of the biological species.
Sexual behaviour of young people in international tourist resorts

Background/objectives: Increasingly, young people travel abroad to experience nightlife in international resorts. Although media coverage of such resorts suggests high levels of sexual activity, little empirical data are currently available. We have measured: 3 year trends in sexual behaviour of young people visiting Ibiza, levels of sexual risk taking, and their relation to substance use. Additionally, in 2002 we identified levels of homosexual sex and sexual interactions between UK residents and individuals from other countries. Methods: Data were collected from visitors to Ibiza between 2000 and 2002 just before they left the island. Information on sexual health was surveyed using a short anonymous questionnaire. Results: Over half of individuals (56.0%) visiting Ibiza had sex with at least one person, with 26.2% of males and 14.5% of females having sex with more than one individual. However, of those arriving without sexual partners (75.5%) just under half (47.5%) have sex in Ibiza and most of these (62.4%) always used condoms. Having any sex abroad was associated with using illicit drugs and having more sexual partners in the 6 months before visiting Ibiza. However, having unprotected sex or sex with more than one person was associated with smoking as well as having higher numbers of sexual partners before their visit. Overall, 8.6% of individuals had sex with a non-UK resident in Ibiza although such individuals were no more likely to have sex without condoms. Conclusions: Substantial numbers of individuals visiting international nightlife resorts have unprotected sex with people they meet while abroad. This poses an increasing threat to the sexual health of UK residents but as yet little attention has been paid to developing interventions that might reduce sexual risk taking among young people holidaying abroad.
Naming a giraffe but not an animal: Base-level but not superordinate naming in a patient with impaired semantics

We report data on patient FK, who presented with a marked deficit in accessing semantic knowledge about objects when tested across a range of input and output modalities. FK also showed a high degree of item-specific consistency in object identification, over and above effects due to object familiarity. We show that, despite being better at naming some objects than others, FK was equally poor at discriminating the superordinate categories of the stimuli. Also, he tended to be better at matching nameable items to a base-level label than to a superordinate-level label. We discuss the implications of the data for models of semantic memory.
Effect of ONO-4057 and tacrolimus on ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver.

AIM To investigate the effects of a novel Leukotriene B(4) receptor antagonist and/or tacrolimus on ischemia-reperfusion in a rat liver model. METHODS Male Lewis rats were pretreated with ONO-4057 (100 mg/kg) and/or tacrolimus (1 mg/kg) orally, and divided into four experimental groups; group 1 (control), group 2 (ONO-4057), group 3 (tacrolimus), group 4 (ONO-4057 + tacrolimus). RESULTS There was a tendency for long survival in the groups treated with tacrolimus alone and ONO-4057 plus tacrolimus. Post-reperfusion serum aspartate aminotransferase levels decreased more significantly in ONO-4057 plus tacrolimus group (P < 0.01), than in the tacrolimus alone group (P < 0.05), compared to controls. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that pretreatment with ONO-4057 in combination with tacrolimus produced additive effects in a rat model of liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Impact of Heavy Ion Energy and Nuclear Interactions on Single-Event Upset and Latchup in Integrated Circuits

The effects of heavy ion energy and nuclear interactions on the single-event upset (SEU) and single-event latchup (SEL) response of commercial and radiation-hardened CMOS ICs are explored. Above the threshold LET for direct ionization-induced upsets, little difference is observed in single-event upset and latchup cross sections measured using low versus high energy heavy ions. However, significant differences between low- and high-energy heavy ion test results are observed below the threshold LET for single-node direct ionization-induced upsets. The data suggest that secondary particles produced by nuclear interactions play a role in determining the SEU and SEL hardness of integrated circuits, especially at low LET. The role of nuclear interactions and implications for radiation hardness assurance and rate prediction are discussed.
Relationship Between Anthropometric and Physiological Characteristics in Youth Soccer Players

Wong, PL, Chamari, K, Dellal, A, and Wisløff, U. Relationship between anthropometric and physiological characteristics in youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 23(4): 1204-1210, 2009-This study examined the relationship between anthropometric and physiological performances among youth soccer players and the positional differences for these variables. Seventy U14 male soccer players (goalkeeper: 10, defender: 20, midfielder: 25, and forward: 15) participated in this study. Body mass was significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with ball shooting speed (r = 0.58) and 30 m sprint time (r = −0.54). Body height was significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with vertical jump height (r = 0.36), 10 m (r = −0.32) and 30 m (r = −0.64) sprint times, Yo-Yo intermittent endurance run (YYIER) distance (r = 0.26), and running time during maximal oxygen uptake (&OV0312;o2max) (r = 0.35). Body mass index (BMI) was significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with ball shooting speed (r = 0.31), 30 m sprint time (r = −0.24), Hoff test dribble distance (r = −0.29), YYIER distance (r = −0.25), submaximal running cost (r = −0.38), &OV0312;o2max (r = −0.42), and the corresponding running time (r = −0.24). Significant positional differences were observed in anthropometry (body mass [p < 0.01], height [p < 0.01], and BMI [p < 0.01]) but not in physiological performances. This study provides a scientific rationale behind the coaches' practice of selecting young soccer players according to their anthropometry for short-term benefits such as heavier players for higher ball shooting speed and 30-m sprint ability as an example. However, this does not justify such practice in the long-term process of player development.
New and/or improved aspects of fetal surgery

Open fetal surgery through a wide hysterotomy is no longer a real option for prenatal intervention, but a minimally invasive approach has emerged as treatment for a small number of indications. Endoscopic ablation of placental vessels is the preferred treatment for severe twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome and it may be the only chance to salvage the most severe forms of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Several other indications are currently under review and may become justified in the future, provided that diagnostic accuracy and patient selection become more accurate. Before invasive fetal intervention becomes widely accepted, however, we need to better define outcome. It is no longer acceptable to express results in terms of survival at birth. Survival at discharge and long‐term morbidity must be considered as well. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Follicular dendritic cells in vitro are not susceptible to infection by HIV‐1

Objectives To investigate whether follicular dendritic cells (FDC) are target cells for HIV-1 infection. Design Based on the principle that if FDC are true target cells, HIV-1 particles will bind to the surface of FDC and then invade their cytoplasm and nuclei. Methods Freshly isolated tonsilar FDC were exposed to two strains (HE and JR-FL) of HIV-1 and cultured. They were then examined for HIV-1 replication, using p24 antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunolabelling, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. We used FDC clusters as the FDC source, since the culture system for FDC clusters has various advantages over other methods for the successful long-term culture of FDC. Results After 2 h incubation, particles of both HIV-1 strains bound to the surfaces of FDC, as well as to CD4+ T cells, although FDC do not have CD4 receptors. The FDC gradually released the particles into the culture supernatant. More HIV-1 particles were bound to fresh FDC than to dedifferentiated FDC or to control fibroblasts. However, HIV-1 particles bound to the FDC did not seem to enter the cells. We found no evidence of HIV-1 proviral DNA synthesis in FDC. Conclusions Our results suggest that FDC are not readily infected with HIV-1 in situ, although we found that FDC in vitro were not infected by HIV-1.
Calibration of Bulk Trap-Assisted Tunneling and Shockley–Read–Hall Currents and Impact on InGaAs Tunnel-FETs

The tunnel-FET (TFET) is a promising candidate for future low-power logic applications, because it enables a sub-60-mV/decadesubthresholdswing. However, themost experimental TFETs are plagued by unwanted trap-assisted tunneling (TAT) and Shockley–Read–Hall (SRH) carrier generation, which degrade the swing and increase the leakage floor, hence forming a major roadblock for TFET adoption. This degradation is attributed to bulk traps, semiconductor/oxideinterface traps, and/or heterojunction interface traps, but it is still unclear which of the three trap types are dominant. In this paper, we focus on TAT and SRH caused by bulk traps. We calibrate SRH and TAT models with the help of In0.53Ga0. 47As p+/n+ and p+/i/n+ diodes grown on lattice matched substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). We then perform calibrated simulations of an In0.53Ga0. 47As TFET, which show bulk SRH and TAT are sufficiently low compared with the target OFF-state current and, hence, not a significant issue. Therefore, it is likely that high SRH and TAT commonly observed in experimental homojunction InGaAs TFETs, MBE-grown on lattice matched substrates, are not caused by bulk semiconductor defects, but by semiconductor/oxide interface defects.
Ro60 Peptides Induce Antibodies to Similar Epitopes Shared Among Lupus-Related Autoantigens1

The coexistence of autoantibodies to ribonucleoproteins (RNP) in sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus has been attributed to intermolecular determinant spreading among physically associated proteins. Recently, we showed that murine Ab responses to rRo60 or Ro60 peptides were diversified unexpectedly to small nuclear RNP. In this investigation, the mechanisms for this autoantibody diversification were examined. Intramolecular determinant spreading was demonstrated in mice immunized with human or mouse Ro60316–335. Immune sera depleted of anti-peptide Ab immunoprecipitated Ro60-associated mY1 and mY3 RNA and remained reactive to a determinant on Ro60128–285. Absorption with the immunogen depleted the immune sera completely of anti-Golgi complex Ab (inducible only with human Ro60316–335) and anti-La Ab, and reduced substantially Ab to SmD and 70-kDa U1RNP. Mouse rRo60 completely inhibited the immune sera reactivity to La, SmD, and 70-kDa U1RNP. However, La, SmD, and 70-kDa U1RNP preferentially inhibited the antiserum reactivities to these Ags, respectively. Affinity-purified anti-La Ab were reactive with Ro60, La, SmD, and 70-kDa U1RNP. These results provide evidence that a population of the induced autoantibodies recognized determinants shared by these autoantigens. Lack of sequence homology between Ro60316–335 and La, SmD, or 70-kDa U1RNP suggests that these determinants are conformational. Interestingly, similar cross-reactive autoantibodies were found in NZB/NZW F1 sera. Thus, a single molecular mimic may generate Ab to multiple RNP Ags. Furthermore, cross-reactive determinants shared between antigenic systems that are not associated physically (Ro/La RNP and small nuclear RNP) may be important in the generation of autoantibody diversity in systemic lupus erythematosus.