Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AN ULTRAVIOLET ULTRA-LUMINOUS LYMAN BREAK GALAXY AT Z = 2.78 IN NDWFS BOÖTES FIELD,,

We present one of the most ultraviolet (UV) luminous Lyman break galaxies (LBGs; J1432+3358) at z = 2.78, discovered in the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey Boötes field. The R-band magnitude of J1432+3358 is 22.29 AB, more than two magnitudes brighter than typical L* LBGs at this redshift. The deep z-band image reveals two components of J1432+3358 separated by 1. ″0 with a flux ratio of 3:1. The high signal-to-noise ratio rest-frame UV spectrum shows Lyα emission line and interstellar medium absorption lines. The absence of N v and C iv emission lines, and the non-detection in X-ray and radio wavelengths and mid-infrared (MIR) colors indicates weak or no active galactic nuclei (<10%) in this galaxy. The galaxy shows a broader line profile, with a FWHM of about 1000 km s−1 and a larger outflow velocity (≈500 km s−1) than those of typical z ∼ 3 LBGs. The physical properties are derived by fitting the spectral energy distribution (SED) with stellar synthesis models. The dust extinction, E(B − V) = 0.12, is similar to that in normal LBGs. The star formation rates (SFRs) derived from the SED fitting and the dust-corrected UV flux are consistent with each other, ∼300 M☉ yr−1, and the stellar mass is (1.3 ± 0.3) × 1011 M☉. The SFR and stellar mass in J1432+3358 are about an order of magnitude higher than those in normal LBGs. The SED-fitting results support that J1432+3358 has a continuous star formation history, with a star formation episode of 6.3 × 108 yr. The morphology of J1432+3358 and its physical properties suggest that J1432+3358 is in an early phase of a 3:1 merger process. The unique properties and the low space number density (∼10−7 Mpc−3) are consistent with the interpretation that such galaxies are either found in a short unobscured phase of the star formation or that a small fraction of intensive star-forming galaxies are unobscured.
Seasonal anomalies of stocks in ASEAN equity markets

This study examines the daily anomalies in the five ASEAN equity markets of Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines before, during and after the Asian financial crisis. The regression results reveal different patterns among these markets for each of the three periods. The Monday and Friday effects are most predominant during the pre-crisis period. Only the Tuesday effect in Thailand and the Philippines is observed during the crisis period. While the pattern of daily anomalies in Thailand during the post-crisis period reverts to that of the pre-crisis period, the other four markets exhibit different patterns of daily anomalies compared to the pre-crisis period. When the time-varying return volatility is taken into account through the use of GARCH-M model, the Monday effect remains significant while some of the other daily anomalies have become insignificant during the pre-crisis period. The Tuesday effect in Thailand and the Philippines disappears altogether during the crisis period. Only the Monday and Friday effects in Thailand persist in the post-crisis period.
The Klein Quartic in Number Theory

We describe the Klein quartic X and highlight some of its remarkable properties that are of particular interest in number theory. These include extremal properties in characteristics 2, 3, and 7, the primes dividing the order of the automorphism group of X; an explicit identification of X with the modular curve X(7); and applications to the class number 1 problem and the case n = 7 of Fermat.
THE WAVE EQUATION AND GENERAL PLANE WAVE SOLUTIONS IN FRACTIONAL SPACE

This work presents the analytical solution of vector wave equation in fractional space. General plane wave solution to the wave equation for flelds in source-free and lossless media is obtained in fractional space. The obtained solution is a generalization of wave equation from integer dimensional space to a non-integer dimensional space. The classical results are recovered when integer-dimensional space is considered.
Skateparks as a health‐resource: are they as dangerous as they look?

Skateboarding raises an interesting dilemma in the field of health promotion. While public health institutions are engaged in unprecedented efforts to counter the sedentary lifestyles of youth, the promotion of lifestyle sports and active leisure practices, such as skateboarding, is tempered by the potential risks of injuries. The health‐risks associated with skateboarding have generally been viewed through the lens of epidemiology. Sociology, on the other hand, has yet to provide research on injuries that meshes with this literature. This paper addresses this absence by drawing on the works of Pierre Bourdieu to present a different perspective on the health benefits and injuries associated with skateparks. Using his concepts of ‘physical capital’ and ‘social capital’, the analysis consists of 388 days of observation (mean of 35 days in 11 skateparks) and 23 in‐depth interviews with male and female skaters in Montreal, Canada. Its findings indicate that few serious injuries occurred in these skateparks and that these spaces do not correspond to the image depicted of skateboarding in previous research. From this, we suggest that skateparks should be conceived as a valuable health‐resource for youth because they provide various social, psychological and physical resources that encourage a safe and active lifestyle.
Karyotype characterization of some Tabanidae (Diptera) species

Karyotypic features of Tabanidae (Diptera: Insecta) are largely unexplored. In this study, karyotypes of some horse fly species, Tabanus quatuornotatus Meigen, 1820, T. sudeticus Zeller, 1842, Dasyrhamphis umbrinus (Meigen, 1820), Atylotus loewianus (Villeneuve, 1920) and Haematopota italica Meigen, 1804 are described for the first time, and also, karyotypes of T. autumnalis Linnaeus, 1761, T. bromius (Linnaeus, 1761), T. bifarius Loew, 1858, T. unifasciatus (Loew, 1858), A. fulvus (Meigen, 1820) are confirmed. Karyotypic differences between six genera in Tabanidae will be discussed. Adult and larval specimens were collected, injected cholchicine and brought to the laboratory. After 24-48 hours tissues were dissected, fixed and dyed, respectively. After dying, preparations were made by squashing tissues and investigated with light microscope and photographed. Based on the results of the present study, the chromosome number in the following reads as follows; T. autumnalis 2n=14, T. bromius 2n=10, T. bifarius 2n=16, T. quatuornotatus 2n=16, T. sudeticus 2n=14, T. unifasciatus 2n=12, D. umbrinus 2n=10, A. fulvus 2n=18, A. loewianus 2n=18 and H. italica 2n=14 chromosome number. Chromosome number, chromosome arm length and arm ratio,
Investigating the effect of free cash flow, dividend and financial leverage on earnings management in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange

Today earnings management is one of the attractive topics discussed in many accounting researches. Because the investors pay special attention to the earnings figure as one of the most important factors of decision making, on the other hands, the conducted researches on earnings managementshow . Earnings management is a method which is used bymanagement in order to manipulate data. Predicted and estimated variables would be examined from two different aspects in order to examine the impact of free cash flow, dividends, financial leverage on earnings management in companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange. On the one hand, these variables would be tested among different companies, and on the other hand, they would be tested in the period 2004 - 2013. Regarding to the limitations, 89 companies would be selected and tested; the research results indicate the direct and significant impact of free cash flow, dividends, financial leverage on earnings management .
Effects of band combinations and GIS masking on fire-scar mapping at local scales in east-central Florida, USA

The fire-adapted vegetation in east-central Florida provides habitat for many threatened and endangered species, such as the Florida scrub-jay (Aphelocoma coerulescens). Accurate fire occurrence records are critically important for better understanding the relationship between fire and vegetation structure. The rapid growth rates of fire-adapted vegetation in east-central Florida make it difficult to capture detailed fire scars with remote sensing data acquired weeks after the fires. The objective of this study is to develop a reliable remote sensing approach for accurately mapping burned areas in Florida scrub vegetation at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (MINWR). Landsat thematic mapper (TM) data acquired on 21 April 1987 were used for classification experiments. Geographic information system (GIS) data layers of fire management units (FMUs) with known fire occurrence (presence or absence) were used to mask the original remote sensing data or thematic maps following classification. A separation index (SI) was used to evaluate each individual band for its power to discriminate unburned and burned areas. Twelve classifications with selected band groups derived from Landsat TM data with different geographic extents were compared using an error matrix method. The classification of the four most suitable bands derived for the entire KSC-MINWR area resulted in the highest accuracy. The final map product was generated by overlaying the classified map with the FMU data layer and masking out FMUs that did not burn. This paper addresses a number of issues relevant to the classification of burned areas and includes the effect of geographic extent (GE effect) of remote sensing data on classification, determining the best bands for classification, and cleaning classification results using GIS masking. It also serves as the first published effort to map fire scars in the Florida scrub and flatwoods vegetative communities of the southeastern US using image processing techniques.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF VITAMIN D3 ADJUVANT THERAPY FOR CHRONIC ASTHMA IN IRAQI PATIENTS

Objective : This study was designed to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin D 3 supplementation in Iraqi patients with chronic asthma. Methods: Forty-four candidate patients were diagnosed with asthma during their visit to hospital allocated as 20 patients assigned to receive conventional therapy for asthma and 24 patients assigned to receive conventional therapy for asthma plus 2000 I. U vitamin D 3 tablet for three months period. Also, 30 apparently healthy subjects were included in the study as a control group. Pulmonary function test, serum 25-OH vitamin D levels, serum Interlukin-10 (IL-10) levels, serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured before and after three months therapy. Results: After three months treatment, there was a highly significant improvement in both measured and percentage of predicted value of pulmonary function test (PFT) compared to the pre-treatment value for both group 1 and group 2 patients ( p 0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant increase in the level of anti-inflammatory biomarker interleukin-10 (IL-10), though no clear effect on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was noticed after three months treatment with vitamin D 3 supplementation.
The Relationship Among Four Pillars of Diabetes Mellitus Management with Blood Glucose Levels and Nutritional Status in Middle-Aged Diabetic Adults

Controlling the blood sugar level of DM patients is an approach to suppress morbidity and mortality. This study aims to know the relationship of four pillars of DM management with blood glucose levels and nutritional status in patients with type 2 DM in East Java. This study is a cross-sectional study with a sample of middle-aged type 2 DM outpatients in 4 cities in East Java, Indonesia. Four pillars of management include education profile, food planning, physical exercise, and drug adherence. The statistical analysis used was Partial Least Square. The results of the study show that four pillars were not associated with fasting blood glucose (FBG) level and 2-hour PPG in the total number of respondents (p>0.005). Interestingly, dietary intake links to 2-Hour PPG in 40-50 years age group (p=0.000) and was associated with body mass index in the total number of respondents (p=0.000). Furthermore, education profile and medication also related to FBG in 40-50 years age group (p=0.000, p=0,003). In conclusion, the success of the four pillars in controlling DM is affected by age. In 40-50 years age group, there is an influence of education profile and drug adherence on the level of FBG.
A Model for Shared Decision Making in the School Principalship

Undoubtedly every principal follows his own peculiar "model" for the participation of teachers in school decisions. But it must be readily con ceded that not all models produce maximum results for the school sys tem as a whole. After surveying much of the relevant literature, the author discusses some crucial questions that principals should consider in sharing decisions with teaching staffs. Mr. Bridges is assistant profes sor of educational administration and social relations at Washington University, St. Louis.
Phytochemical analysis and botanical origin of Apis mellifera bee pollen from the municipality of Canavieiras, Bahia State, Brazil

An Apis mellifera bee pollen sample from Bahia state in Brazil was studied to evaluate its botanical origin and phytochemical composition. The bee pollen sample was collected in the municipality of Canavieiras, in an area with a very high predominance of Cocos nucifera L (Aracaceae), which was identified as the major taxon (99%), thus being the possible botanical origin of this pollen. The main constituents found in the non-polar extract analysed by GC-EI-MS were saturated fatty acids and long chain esters, together with phytosterols such as ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-3-ol, campesterol and sitosterol, detected in smaller quantities. Flavonoid glycosides, as well as hydroxycinnamic acid amide derivatives were detected in the polar extract analysed by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The presence of flavonoid glycosides, hydroxycinnamic acid amide derivatives, fatty acids and phytosterols have been reported in many bee pollen taxa. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study of the chemical composition of bee pollen from C. nucifera, which is cultivated for its coconut fruit.
Munich Personal RePEc Archive Bank firm nexus and its impact on firm performance : an Indian case study

The paper examines the role of banking relationships on firm performance for a sample of Indian manufacturing firms. The two variables used to portray banking relationships are: the extent of bank borrowing and the number of banking relationships maintained by a firm. Analysis suggests that while the extent of bank borrowing has a negative impact on firm performance, the multiple banking relationships maintained by a firm positively enhances firm performance. In addition, firm performance plays an important role in influencing bank borrowing and the number banking relationships a firm maintains. While banking relationships are positively impacted by firm performance, results suggest nonlinearity between bank financing and firm performance, suggesting the possibility of a potential debt overhang concern. This implies that firms with low growth opportunities tend to borrow more from banks due to lack of other opportunities to finance their investments. However, firms beyond a certain threshold of profitability tend to employ lesser debt to finance their investments in order to prevent the wealth transfer from shareholders to creditors. Professor, Madras School of Economics, Chennai Msc. General Economics, Madras School of Economics, Chennai
Influence of Relational Norms on User Interests in PPP Projects: Mediating Effect of Project Performance

Protecting user interests is one of the most important public sector responsibilities in PPP (public-private partnership) projects. However, user interests could be damaged by poor project performance. Therefore, this study focuses on the protection of user interests in PPP projects and analyzes the relationships among relational norms, project performance, and user interests in PPP projects. A questionnaire survey is conducted to collect the opinions of professionals from the public sector and private sector. Upon analyzing 109 valid questionnaires, the results demonstrate that the relational norms between the public sector and private sector have a positive effect on project performance, and project performance has a positive relationship on user interests. Moreover, project performance has a positive mediating effect on the relationships between relational norms and user interests. This finding can provide a theoretical foundation and suggest practical measures to help the public sector better protect user interests in PPP projects.
The perceptual evaluation of information systems using the construct of user satisfaction: case study of a large french group

This research work concerns the perceptual evaluation of the performance of information systems (IS) and more particularly, the construct of user satisfaction. Faced with the difficulty of obtaining objective measures for the success of IS, user satisfaction appeared as a substitutive measure of IS performance (DeLone & McLean, 1992). Some researchers have indeed shown that the evaluation of an IS could not happen without an analysis of the feelings and perceptions of individuals who make use of it. Consequently, the concept of satisfaction has been considered as a guarantee of the performance of an IS. Also it has become necessary to ponder the drivers of user satisfaction. The analysis of models and measurement tools for satisfaction as well as the adoption of a contingency perspective has allowed the description of principal dimensions that have a direct or less direct impact on user perceptions The case study of a large French group, carried out through an interpretativist approach conducted by way of 41 semi-structured interviews, allowed the conceptualization of the problematique of perceptual evaluation of IS in a particular field study. This study led us to confirm the impact of certain factors (such as perceived usefulness, participation, the quality of relations with the IS Function and its resources and also the fit of IS with user needs). On the contrary, other dimensions regarded as fundamental do not receive any consideration or see their influence nuanced in the case studied (the properties of IS, the ease of use, the quality of information). Lastly, this study has allowed for the identification of the influence of certain contingency and contextual variables on user satisfaction and, above all, for the description of the importance of interactions between the IS Function and the users
Stock Markets Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: Business Regulations, Governance and Fiscal Policy

This study examines the effectiveness of the state in stimulating stock market activity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using fiscal policy, governance quality and stock market as the main determinant variables. Using annual data from six selected sub-Saharan African economies and employing a dynamic panel data estimating technique, we find that government effectiveness stimulates capitalization while business regulations decrease it in SSA. In addition, we find that final consumption expenditure, interest rate spread and credit to the state increase capitalization whereas credit to the private sector and inflation had adverse effects. With respect to business regulations, our study reveals that starting a business, closing it and enforcing contracts engender stock market activity in SSA. Among the several variables that stimulate stock market activity; only foreign direct investment (FDI) did increase capitalization. Thus, the study concludes that since not all government institutions and business regulations are critical to stock market development, various governments should be careful and selective in their economic stimulants if they want to develop their stock markets.
Emergence of Standard Model Symmetries from Multifractal Theory

Despite being supported by overwhelming evidence, the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is challenged by many foundational questions. The root cause of its gauge structure and of discrete symmetry breaking continues to be unknown. Here we show how these questions may be approached using the multifractal geometry of the SM near the electroweak scale.
Where faults meet : palaeostress analysis at the juncture of the Concud and Teruel faults

Put into context within the framework of recent palaeostress surveys around the Concud fault, this paper shows the results of stress inversion from fault populations within the juncture region of the Concud and Teruel faults. They indicate that the junction of these major faults is a place for phenomena of stress perturbation where each fault alternates to dominate and produce minor fractures, instead of creating an averaged stress field.
Consumer driven corporate environmentalism : fact or fiction?

The role of consumers in driving organizations to be environmentally responsive is currently contentious. It is, however, important to understand the role that consumers play, because they can be a crucial pull factor for organizations. In this paper, we re-examine the role of consumers in driving business organizations to be environmentally responsive. Our analysis suggests that, despite the growth and interest in green consumerism, it has not yet matured to the stage where it is viewed by managers as driving corporate environmentalism. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Co-infection in Cameroon: Investigation of the Genetic Diversity and Virulent Circulating Strains

Background: RNA virus infections represent a significant cause of illness and death in vertebrates. Specifically in humans, RNA viruses are responsible for a wide range of acute, chronic, emerging and re-emerging infections. HIV and HCV rank as some of the most severe RNA viruse infections facing Africa. Methods: To determine genotypes and subtypes of HIV and HCV among co-infected patients in Cameroon, viral RNA was isolated from HIV/HCV co-infected individuals, in Douala, Cameroon. A total of 36 HIV/HCV co-infected isolates (22 from volunteer blood donors and 14 from people living with HIV/AIDS not yet on antiretroviral treatment) were analyzed using molecular biology techniques that involved RT-PCR, gene/TOPO cloning, DNA sequencing, and bioinformatics tools for sequence management and analysis. Epidemiological data were examined as well. Results: Results show that HIV strains isolated belong to the circulating recombinant forms CRF02_AG, whereas HCV isolates from Cameroon belong to genotypes 1, 2, and 4. The corresponding HCV subtypes investigated were 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2c, 2k, and 4a. Subtypes 1a and 1b, most frequently found in developed countries, also circulate in Cameroon. Epidemiologic data show that HIV/HCV co-infected patients are older than HIV mono-infected patients. Conclusions: These results indicate that HIV/HCV co-infection represent a significant threat in Cameroon. There is evidence of genetic diversity of HIV and HCV; virulent hepatitis C virus subtypes 1a and 1b circulate in Cameroon. An epidemiological and molecular database on HIV and HCV is necessary for the development of further intervention in Cameroon as an imperative for monitoring disease progression. Key words: HIV; HCV; Co-infection ; Genotypes ; Virulent.