Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nasal polyps: Epithelium and goblet cell density

The density of goblet cells was determined in 14 anterior and 15 posterior nasal polyps using the whole‐mount method. The specimens were then serial cut and the type of epithelium was determined in nine localities in each polyp. The goblet cell density was correlated to the epithelial type. Pseudostratified, cylindrical epithelium was the prevailing type, occurring in 62% of anterior localities and 78% of posterior localities. Transitional types of epithelium were found in 33% of the anterior and 19% of the posterior localities. Stratified squamous epithelium occurred in 5% and 3%, respectively. The goblet cell density was highest in hyperplastic pseudostratified epithelium, whereas it was four times lower in transitional epithelium and even lower in squamous epithelium. Marked differences in the distribution of epithelium and goblet cell density were found between anterior and posterior polyps, illustrating that the epithelium constantly changes under the influence of air current, contact with other polyps, infection, growth, and age of the polyp as well as other unknown factors.
Cognitive Science for the Revisionary Metaphysician

Many philosophers insist that the revisionary metaphysician—i.e., the metaphysician who offers a metaphysical theory which conflicts with folk intuitions—bears a special burden to explain why certain folk intuitions are mistaken. This chapter shows how evidence from cognitive science can help the revisionist discharge this explanatory burden. Focusing on composition and persistence, it argues that empirical evidence indicates that the folk operate with a promiscuous teleomentalist view of composition and persistence. The folk view deserves to be debunked. This illustrates one key role cognitive science can play in metaphysics; namely by helping the revisionary metaphysician discharge the explanatory burden of providing a plausible explanation of how the folk have gone wrong.
Journal of Knowledge Management Reconfiguring the firm ’ s core technological portfolio through open innovation : focusing on technological M &

Reconfiguring the firm’s core technological portfolio through open innovation: focusing on technological M&A Seungryul Ryan Shin, John Han, Klaus Marhold, Jina Kang, Article information: To cite this document: Seungryul Ryan Shin, John Han, Klaus Marhold, Jina Kang, (2017) "Reconfiguring the firm’s core technological portfolio through open innovation: focusing on technological M&A", Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 21 Issue: 3, pp.571-591, doi: 10.1108/JKM-07-2016-0295 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi. org/10.1108/JKM-07-2016-0295
Background Paper on Fat and Fatty Acid Requirements during Pregnancy and Lactation

been recognized as being of possible importance to longterm infant health. With respect to fatty acid nutrition, consumption of various oils during the last week of pregnancy was found to permanently program avoidance behavior in rats [Messeri et al., 1975] despite the postnatal brain growth spurt in this species, which is consistent with several other studies demonstrating perinatal effects of PUFA nutrition on behavior [Borgman et al., 1975; Lamptey and Walker, 1978]. Similarly, cholesterol intake in infancy was hypothesized to program cholesterol levels in later life, first supported by data in rats [Reiser and Sidelman, 1972; Jensen et al., 1978]. More recently, baboon [Mott et al., 1990] and human studies [Owen et al., 2002] indicate that breast feeding has positive effects on the infant’s later cholesterol physiology, and in addition is consistently associated with later cognitive benefits [SchackNielsen and Michaelsen, 2006]. Notably, experimental studies of the influence of perinatal nutrition on chronic disease development in humans are impossible due to ethical and practical considerations. However, evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCT) that evaluate acute outcomes, reviewed below, are fully consistent with the hypothesis that long-chain PUFA (LCPUFA) nutrition is a key factor linking breast feeding to the infant’s CNS development and the mother’s mental health. Specific health conditions in pregnancy influence either the mother or the infant, or both. The most unambiguous evidence tends to be associated with health conIntroduction
High‐Presssure Shift Freezing. Part 2. Modeling of Freezing Times for a Finite Cylindrical Model

A comprehensive vision of the heat transfer process involved in high‐pressure shift freezing (HPSF) is shown in comparison to the process at atmospheric pressure. In addition, a mathematical model to predict the freezing times is presented. This model takes into consideration the dependence of the thermophysical properties relating to temperature and pressure and the supercooling reached by liquid water at atmospheric pressure after adiabatic expansion in the HPSF process. Experimental and theoretical data appear to agree.
The Strengths and Limitations of the Statistical Modeling of Complex Social Phenomenon: Focusing on SEM, Path Analysis, or Multiple Regression Models

This paper analyzes the conceptual framework of three statistical methods, multiple regression, path analysis, and structural equation models. When establishing research model of the statistical modeling of complex social phenomenon, it is important to know the strengths and limitations of three statistical models. This study explored the character, strength, and limitation of each modeling and suggested some strategies for accurate explaining or predicting the causal relationships among variables. Especially, on the studying of depression or mental health, the common mistakes of research modeling were discussed. Keywords—Multiple regression, path analysis, structural equation models, statistical modeling, social and psychological phenomenon.
Enhanced DMP scheduling for wireless sensor networks

Most of the scheduling algorithms were concentrated on scheduling of the packets. In Dynamic Multilevel Priority (DMP) packet delivery scheme the packets were scheduled in three priority queue pr1, pr2, pr3 respectively. In this scheme, pr1 is scheduled in FCFS, pr2 is scheduled as non-real time with remote data and pr3 is also non-real time with local data. Here starvation will occur in pr1 because of the FCFS queue. The remedy for this problem is done by proposing a novel Enhanced DMP Based Scheduling Algorithm (EDMP). Thus the QoS and packet guarantee ratio gets improved.
Developing Human-Machine Interfaces to Support Appropriate Trust and Reliance on Automated Combat Identification Systems (Developpement d'Interfaces Homme-Machine Pour Appuyer la Confiance dans les Systemes Automatises d'Identification au Combat)

Abstract : A series of laboratory studies examined the effects of system reliability information and interface features on human trust in, and reliance on, individual combat identification systems. The first experiment showed that participants had difficulty estimating the reliability of the 'unknown' feedback from these systems. However, providing reliability information through instruction led to more appropriate reliance on that feedback. The second experiment showed that both the system's activation mode and the feedback form influenced participants trust in the 'unknown' feedback. However, their reliance on 'unknown' feedback was not affected. Drawing from the results of these two experiments, information requirements for effective use of feedback from combat identification aids were derived. Several display prototypes were created from these requirements. A third experiment showed 1) that the method of displaying reliability information affected the participants sensitivity in discriminating the target from noise, and 2) that the display format (integrated vs. separated) affect the participants reliance on the system. Taken together, the experimental findings yield implications for the design of interfaces for individual combat ID systems and the training of infantry soldiers. Finally, a new method of measuring reliance on automation was developed and employed across all three experiments, demonstrating several advantages over previous methods. This methodological innovation represents a substantial contribution to the analysis of reliance behaviour in joint human-automation systems.
The Effects of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy on Fertility in Premenopausal Women

With the improved survival rate of childhood and young adult cancer patients, the long-term sequelae of the treatments used are increasingly important. In this review, current knowledge of the gonadotoxicity of commonly employed chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy regimens is examined. Differences between the effect of “high-risk” and “low-risk” agents are discussed. Tailoring treatment to suit the individual and counseling patients regarding reduced fertility have resulted in the best practice. Target Audience: Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians. Learning Objectives: After completing this CME activity, physicians should be better able to evaluate and use appropriate methods to estimate ovarian reserve, assess the risk of infertility caused by commonly used cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens and radiation, and counsel patients regarding the gonadotoxic effects of cancer treatment.
Beating a Random Assignment : Approximating Constraint Satisfaction Problems

An instance of a Boolean constraint satisfaction problem, CSP, consists of a set of constraints acting over a set of Boolean variables. The objective is to find an assignment to the variables that satisfies all the constraints. In the maximization version, Max CSP, each constraint has a weight and the objective is to find an assignment such that the weight of satisfied constraints is maximized. By specifying which types of constraints that are allowed we create subproblems to Max CSP. For example, an instance of Max kCSP only contains constraints that act over at most k different variables. Another problem is Max CSP(P), where P is a predicate, i.e., a Boolean function. In such an instance P is used to determine if a constraint is satisfied or not. Both Max kCSP and Max CSP(P) are NP-hard to solve optimally for k ≥ 2 and predicates P that depend on at least two input values. Therefore, we consider efficient approximation algorithms for these two problems. A trivial algorithm is to assign all variables a random value. Somewhat surprisingly, Hastad showed that using this random assignment approach is essentially optimal for approximating Max CSP(P), for some predicates P. We call such predicates approximation resistant. Goemans and Williamson introduced an approximation method that relaxes problems into semidefinite programs. Using this method they show that for predicates P of arity two, it is possible to outperform a random assignment in approximating Max CSP(P). By extending this technique Zwick characterized all predicates of arity three as either approximation resistant or not. In this thesis we consider predicates of arity larger than three. We extend the work of Hastad and the work of Samorodnitsky and Trevisan in order to show predicates to be approximation resistant. We also use semidefinite relaxation algorithms in order to show that predicates are not approximation resistant. In particular we show that predicates with few non-accepting inputs are approximation resistant and that predicates with few accepting inputs are not approximation resistant. We study predicates of arity four more closely and characterize 354 out of 400 predicate types. Max kCSP is 2-k-approximated by a random assignment and previously no algorithms were known to outperform such an algorithm with more than a small constant factor. In this thesis a probabilistic Ω (2k+log k-log log k)-approximation for Max kCSP is presented.
Survival in the Digital Era: A Digital Competence-Based Multi-Case Study in the Canadian SME Clothing Industry

Although the literature emphasizes the link between digital competence (DC) and IT adoption, there is a lack of understanding of how DC can be conceptualized in an SME context. Drawing on the literatures on SMEs and DC and on the change agentry perspective, this multi-case study proposes a multi-dimensional conceptualization of DC and empirically tests a typology of three DC archetypes of SME employees: Technical Expert, Organizer, and Campaigner. The results from a multi-case study of three Canadian SMEs suggest that the development of DC should focus on the complementarity nature of the technological, social and cognitive dimensions of the DC.
Maintenance of meiotic arrest by a phosphorylated p34cdc2 is independent of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate.

The meiotic division in oocytes is arrested in the G2 phase of the cell cycle. Resumption of meiosis, also known as oocyte maturation, entails a G2 to M transition and is associated with a drop in intraoocyte concentrations of cAMP. Recent studies imply that tyrosine dephosphorylation of p34cdc2 is a prerequisite for entry into the M-phase of the cell cycle. Our study was designed to test the involvement of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase)-regulated dephosphorylation of p34cdc2 in resumption of meiosis in rat oocytes and to explore the possible control of this event by the intraoocyte concentrations of cAMP. Isolated rat oocytes undergoing meiotic maturation spontaneously in vitro served as our experimental model. We found that sodium metavanadate, an inhibitor of PTPase, reversibly blocked the spontaneous maturation in vitro of rat oocytes (ED50 = 0.26 mM). We further demonstrated that the vanadate-sensitive event is completed by 2 h after reinitiation of meiosis. Immunoblot analysis using specific antiphosphotyrosine antibodies revealed that vanadate caused accumulation of phosphotyrosine on a 34-kDa protein, also recognized by anti-p34cdc2 antibodies. The phosphorylated form of p34cdc2 was also detected in oocytes arrested in the G2 phase by the phosphodiesterase inhibitor isobutyl methylxanthine (IBMX). Intraoocyte concentrations of cAMP in vanadate-inhibited oocytes were similar to those in oocytes that resumed meiosis spontaneously in vitro and lower than those in oocytes maintained in meiotic arrest by IBMX (0.73 +/- 0.08, 0.84 +/- 0.09, and 1.42 +/- 0.3 fmol/oocyte, respectively) [corrected]. We conclude that a PTPase that regulates the phosphorylation state of p34cdc2 participates in the control of meiosis in rat oocytes. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Relationship Between Fiber Capillarization and Mitochondrial Volume Density in Control and Trained Rat Soleus and Plantaris Muscles

Objective: The majority of investigations have demonstrated a strong relationship between muscle capillarity and oxidative capacity. There is, however, evidence that die capacities for O2 supply and utilization can be dissociated. Also, metabolite removal rather man O2 supply may represent the predominant design constraint placed on the capillary bed in some muscles (i.e., fast‐twitch glycolytic). Recent evidence suggests mat the principal barrier to O2 diffusion in skeletal muscle resides between the red blood cell and the immediately subjacent sarcolemmal space. Consequendy, if the primary design constraint placed on the capillary bed is to facilitate O2 exchange, we hypothesized that capillary surface per fiber surface should be correlated with die mitochondrial volume subserved. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether one single relationship would be found between the capillary‐to‐fiber surface ratio and fiber mitochondrial volume in slow‐ (soleus) and fast‐twitch (plantaris) muscle and whether this relationship would be preserved after training.
Recent Weapon Carrying and Substance Use among United States Virgin Islands Youth

The objective of the present study was to estimate the strength of the associations between recent weapon carrying and alcohol, cigarette, and illicit drug use among US Virgin Islands (USVI) youth. Data from 1,124 students in Grades 7–12 were analyzed using the conditional form of multiple logistic regression. Compared with youth who did not carry a weapon, youth who carried a weapon were more likely to be male and recent cigarette, alcohol, and illicit drug users. After matching on school and controlling for age, sex, race, neigborhood characteristics, and affiliation with friends who use alcohol and illegal drugs, the associations with cigarette smoking and illicit drug use remained both moderate and statistically significant (odds ratio [OR] =4.31, p <. 001; OR = 2.99, p <.001, respectively). These findings identify a potentially high-risk population that could be targeted for interventions to reduce weapon carrying among youth.
Studies in experimental water intoxication.

Introduction The manifestations of water intoxication in man are primarily neurological and consist principally of reduction in awareness and responsiveness, seizures, and increased intracranial pressure. The condition is being recognized more frequently in the clinic but is not often brought to the attention of the neurologist. Moreover, many aspects of its pathogenesis and therapy remain obscure. These facts have stimulated us to review the clinical aspects of this disorder in a recent publication 1 and to report here on physiological and chemical observations in experimentally induced and treated water intoxication in rabbits. Material and Methods Young male rabbits of the New Zealand strain weighing 2.2-4.3 kg. were used. They were removed from their individual cages without special preparation at about 7:00 A.M., weighed and anesthetized with intravenous pentobarbital sodium, 30 mg. per kilogram. The ears, scalp, and right femoral areas were then depilated with electric clippers. A No. 6-F, multieyed
IDENTIFIKASI MISKONSEPSI GURU BIOLOGI SMA KELAS XI IPA PADA KONSEP SISTEM REPRODUKSI MANUSIA

Penelitian dengan judul “Identifikasi Miskonsepsi Guru Biologi SMA Kelas XI IPA pada Konsep Sistem Reproduksi Manusia” bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ada tidaknya miskonsepsi, mengetahui sub konsep yang dimiskonsepsikan dan faktor utama penyebab terjadinya miskonsepsi pada guru biologi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes certainty of respons index (CRI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru teridentifikasi mengalami miskonsepsi pada 4 sub konsep yaitu pembentukan gamet (2,98%); ovulasi (7,50%); menstruasi (22,50%); fertilisasi, gestasi, persalinan, dan laktasi (14,58%). Dari sub konsep tersebut, persentase miskonsepsi tertinggi yang terjadi pada guru terdapat pada kelompok sub konsep menstruasi. Faktor utama penyebab terjadinya miskonsepsi guru bersumber dari pemikiran mereka sendiri.
Effects of flooding on pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.) growth and survivorship1

Abstract Craine S. I. and Orians C. M. (Tufts University, Medford, Mass.). Effects of flooding on pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.) growth and survivorship. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 133(2): 289–296. 2006. —Pitch pines (Pinus rigida Mill.) colonize the shores of Cape Cod coastal plain ponds in periods of low water and, once established, inhibit the growth of resident herbaceous species, including rare endemics. The effects of flooding on P. rigida may vary with plant age and may be affected by previous exposure to flooded conditions. To determine the effects of flooding on pitch pine survivorship, we performed three sets of experiments. First, we examined the effects of relative flood depth—root flooding versus total submersion—on three-month-old seedlings. Second, we determined whether prior exposure to root flooding enhanced subsequent survivorship in flooded conditions one year later. Lastly, we compared the effects of root flooding on pines of different ages—three months, 15 months, and five years. We found that three-month-old P. rigida succumbed to total submersion in two to four weeks but tolerated root flooding for up to one year. Fifteen-month-old seedlings that had survived eight weeks of root flooding one year earlier were significantly more flood-tolerant than members of the same cohort that had never been flooded. Fifteen-month-old seedlings, as well as five-year-old saplings, suffered significantly more mortality after four months of root flooding than did three-month-old seedlings. The ability of young P. rigida, normally an upland plant, to survive in waterlogged soil appears to be due, in part, to morphologic modifications acquired in response to flooded conditions, including hypertrophy of lenticels on the stem and plagiotropism. Both these acquired modifications are known to help oxygenate root tissues through internal channels, avoiding cellular anoxia despite reduced oxygen availability in the rhizosphere. Overall, our results suggest that periodic flooding has historically played a role in preventing the colonization of P. rigida on coastal plain pond shores and that reduced flooding intensity may lead to more frequent encroachment of P. rigida in this habitat.
Experimentally observed phenomena on cardiac energetics in heart failure emerge from simulations of cardiac metabolism

The failing heart is hypothesized to suffer from energy supply inadequate for supporting normal cardiac function. We analyzed data from a canine left ventricular hypertrophy model to determine how the energy state evolves because of changes in key metabolic pools. Our findings—confirmed by in vivo 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy—indicate that the transition between the clinically observed early compensatory phase and heart failure and the critical point at which the transition occurs are emergent properties of cardiac energy metabolism. Specifically, analysis reveals a phenomenon in which low and moderate reductions in metabolite pools have no major negative impact on oxidative capacity, whereas reductions beyond a critical tipping point lead to a severely compromised energy state. The transition point corresponds to reductions in the total adenine nucleotide pool (TAN) of ≈30%, corresponding to the reduction observed in humans in heart failure [Ingwall JS, Weiss RG (2004) Is the failing heart energy starved? On using chemical energy to support cardiac function. Circ Res 95(2):135–145]. At given values of TAN and the total exchangeable phosphate pool during hypertrophic remodeling, the creatine pool attains a value that is associated with optimal ATP hydrolysis potential. Thus, both increases and decreases to the creatine pool are predicted to result in diminished energetic state unless accompanied by appropriate simultaneous changes in the other pools.