Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Lyapunov exponents of generic volume-preserving and symplectic maps

We show that the integrated Lyapunov exponents of C1 volume-preserving diffeomorphisms are simultaneously continuous at a given diffeomorphism only if the corresponding Oseledets splitting is trivial (all Lyapunov exponents are equal to zero) or else dominated (uniform hyperbolicity in the projective bundle) almost everywhere. We deduce a sharp dichotomy for generic volume-preserving diffeomorphisms on any compact manifold: almost every orbit either is projectively hyperbolic or has all Lyapunov exponents equal to zero. Similarly, for a residual subset of all C1 symplectic diffeomorphisms on any compact manifold, either the diffeomorphism is Anosov or almost every point has zero as a Lyapunov exponent, with multiplicity at least 2. Finally, given any set S ? GL(d) satisfying an accessibility condition, for a residual subset of all continuous S-valued cocycles over any measure-preserving homeomorphism of a compact space, the Oseledets splitting is either dominated or trivial. The condition on S is satisfied for most common matrix groups and also for matrices that arise from discrete Schr? Nodinger operators.
Thermal emission in the early afterglow of gamma-ray bursts from their interaction with supernova ejecta

Context. A thermal X-ray component is observed in the early afterglow of some gamma-ray bursts. Possible explanations include shockwave breakout, relativistic photosphere, or emission from cocoon. The difficulties of these models are discussed. Aims. We propose an alternative model that attributes such a thermal component to the interaction of the gamma-ray burst outflow with a baryonic material near the gamma-ray burst source. Methods. The analytic model is based on relativistic energy-momentum conservation and a diffusion model for photons. The kinematic and observational properties of the supernova ejecta after the interaction are derived. In particular, the temperature and the duration of the thermal emission are obtained. Results. The model is applied to a prototypical GRB 090618 and other gamma-ray bursts associated with supernovae having thermal emission in the early afterglow. The mass of the baryonic material is found to be a few 10−4 M , indicating that this material can be a small fraction of the supernova ejecta.
Association of physical activity and obesity status for individuals between the ages of 18-30 via bioelectrical impedance analysis device and metabolic holter measurements

Obesity, according to its simplest definition, is excessive accumulation of fat in the body. Obesity is a health problem that is observed commonly in almost all societies and it is starting to become a global epidemic. In this study, physical activity and obesity statuses for individuals between the ages of 18-30 with different body types were tried to be associated via bioelectrical impedance analysis device and metabolic holter measurements. It was determined according to the results of the study that body fat ratio increases and number of steps decreases with increasing age, that there are statistically significant differences between gender and AEC, TEC, muscle weight and total body water and that this ratio is greater in men in comparison with women. Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) were determined between the muscle weight and total body water, BMI, waist/hip ratio, TEC, AEC; between total body water and BMI, waist/hip ratio, TEC and AEC; between the body mass index of individuals and their body fat ratio, waist/hip ratio, TEC and AEC; between body fat ratio and waist/hip ratio and TEC; betwen waist/hip ratio and TEC and BMR; total energy consumption and physical activity duration, AEC, number of steps, PAL, time spent with moderate intensity movement and time spent with very high intensity movement; physical activity levels and AEC, number of steps, PAL, time spent with moderate intensity movement and time spent with high intensity movement; between active energy consumption and number of steps, PAL, time spent with moderate intensity movement, time spent with high intensity movement and time spent with very high intensity movement; number of steps and PAL, time spent with moderate intensity movement, time spent with high intensity movement and time spent with very high intensity movement; PAL values of individuals who participated in the study and the time spent with moderate intensity movement, time spent with high intensity movement and time spent with very high intensity movement.
Seismic Evaluation of Embankment by Shaking Table Test and Finite Element Method.

The shaking table test and finite element method were used for simulation embankment model. In the shaking table test through the acceleration and pore pressure type of sensors and in the finite element software based on mathematical modeling, seismic behavior of embankment has been analyzed. The results clearly revealed that the embankment suffers collapse during increasing stress which is resulted in decreasing embankment stability and growing strain and deformation, and there is possibility of embankment mitigation. The Poisson ratio is obtained from the shaking table test is very close to value assumed previously by other scientist, this is an evidence of experimental accuracy. The results of two dimensional finite element method shown good agreement with shaking table test result and this is support for modeling of any types of earth dams by these methods.
Performance Evaluation of the Wide Area Augmentation System for Ionospheric Storm Events

One of the greatest challenges in developing accurate and reliable satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS) is modeling of ionospheric effects. Wide area GPS networks are generally sparse (station spacings of 500-1000 km), and ionosphere models can suffer degraded performance in regions where large spatial gradients in total electron content (TEC) exist. Of particular concern for Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) users is the feature called storm enhanced density, which is associated with large TEC gradients at mid-latitudes. This effect is a significant source of error in the WAAS correction models. The Canadian GPS Network for Ionosphere Monitoring (CANGIM) consists of three GPS reference stations in western Canada, augmented by two additional sites in the northern United States. In addition to measures of ionospheric activity, WAAS messages are collected continuously at these sites and decoded (post-mission) at University of Calgary. Localization schemes have been developed to compute WAAS ionosphere corrections for any location in North America. In this paper, performance of the broadcast WAAS ionosphere model is quantified through comparison with truth data from over 400 GPS reference stations in North America. WAAS ionosphere model accuracies throughout North America are evaluated for intense storm events, and compared with WAAS Grid Ionosphere Vertical Error (GIVE) bounds. Limitations in the WAAS ionosphere model are identified for enhanced ionospheric activity and, in particular, the storm enhanced density phenomenon.
Further properties of a random graph with duplications and deletions

Abstract We deal with a random graph model where at each step, a vertex is chosen uniformly at random, and it is either duplicated or its edges are deleted. Duplication has a given probability. We analyze the limit distribution of the degree of a fixed vertex and derive a.s. asymptotic bounds for the maximal degree. The model shows a phase transition phenomenon with respect to the probabilities of duplication and deletion.
ANALYSIS OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL , BIOCHEMICAL , AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF INDIAN HONEY SAMPLES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THEIR NON-CONFORMITY

Honey is the natural sweet substance produced by bees from the nectar or secretions of plants or from excretions of plant-sucking insects, which the bees collect, transform by combining with specifi c substances of their own, deposit, dehydrate, store, and leave in honeycombs to ripen and mature. The physical properties of honey make it versatile and applicable to several industries. High consumer demand for honey consequently leads to widespread adulteration. In the present study, fi fteen honey samples were collected from various parts of Kerala, India and classifi ed into three categories: market samples, raw/wild samples, and industrial samples. The samples were then analysed for the following parameters: organoleptic features, physicochemical properties, biochemical characteristics, and microbiological state. The values obtained for physicochemical and biochemical analysis were compared to Standard values provided by the Bureau of Indian Standards. It was found that no honey ideally conformed to all parameter standards. Some samples clearly indicated conditions of improper handling. All honey samples showed signifi cant polyphenol content. Although honey samples showed increased microbial growth upon dilution, they were also found to have effective antimicrobial properties. Signifi cant links between moisture content, yeast count, and non-conformity in honey were determined, which highlights the necessity of proper storage conditions.
GDP-linked bonds and their diversification benefits

This thesis examines the diversification benefits of simulated GDP-linked bonds issued by Greece and the Netherlands for the period 2002-2013 and under different portfolio investment strategies. The diversification effects are investigated based on correlations of GDP growth rate with the world, Eurozone, advanced economies and emerging markets and developing economies. It provides evidence that no significant diversification properties arise from portfolios consisted of simulated GDP-linked bonds and government bonds of each country or portfolios consisted of GDP-linked bonds from Greece and the Netherlands respectively. Nevertheless, diversification occurs when simulated Greek GDP-linked bonds are combined with GDP-linked bonds issued by advanced economies (before the start of the financial crisis) and with GDP-linked bonds issued by emerging markets and developing economies (after the start of the financial crisis). Diversification also exists when combining Dutch GDP-linked bonds with GDP-linked bonds issued by emerging markets and developing economies for both the investigated periods. However for the latter, the observed diversification decreases after the start of the financial crisis.
Do student beliefs differ by ethnicity? Exploring self-perceptions

Studies that have investigated student beliefs by ethnicity have shown differing perceptions for some ethnic groups on constructs such as self-regulated learning, attribution and perceptions of class climate. Moreover, the findings have differed from one cultural context to another. However, the exploration of student beliefs about several psycho-social variables by ethnicity does not appear to have been undertaken. Hence, the current study examined student self-concept, motivation, perceptions of class climate and self-expectations of four different ethnic groups: European, Maori, Pasifika and Asian students within the New Zealand context. Group differences were found for some variables. Educational implications and directions for future research are presented and discussed.
Predicting Organizational Commitment via Job Satisfaction, Gender, Age, Experience, and Position: An empirical Investigation in a Private Financial Institution in Bahrain

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not organizational commitment can be predicted by job satisfaction, gender, age, experience, and position in a private financial institution in Bahrain. One hundred and fifty-six subjects participated in this study. Using a stepwise multiple regression model, results revealed that job satisfaction was the only predictor of organizational commitment. Based on the results, implications and direction for further studies were made.
Root growth, water uptake, and sap flow of winter wheat in response to different soil water conditions

Abstract. How much water can be taken up by roots and how this depends on the root and water distributions in the root zone are important questions that need to be answered to describe water fluxes in the soil–plant–atmosphere system. Physically based root water uptake (RWU) models that relate RWU to transpiration, root density, and water potential distributions have been developed but used or tested far less. This study aims at evaluating the simulated RWU of winter wheat using the empirical Feddes–Jarvis (FJ) model and the physically based Couvreur (C) model for different soil water conditions and soil textures compared to sap flow measurements. Soil water content (SWC), water potential, and root development were monitored noninvasively at six soil depths in two rhizotron facilities that were constructed in two soil textures: stony vs. silty, with each of three water treatments: sheltered, rainfed, and irrigated. Soil and root parameters of the two models were derived from inverse modeling and simulated RWU was compared with sap flow measurements for validation. The different soil types and water treatments resulted in different crop biomass, root densities, and root distributions with depth. The two models simulated the lowest RWU in the sheltered plot of the stony soil where RWU was also lower than the potential RWU. In the silty soil, simulated RWU was equal to the potential uptake for all treatments. The variation of simulated RWU among the different plots agreed well with measured sap flow but the C model predicted the ratios of the transpiration fluxes in the two soil types slightly better than the FJ model. The root hydraulic parameters of the C model could be constrained by the field data but not the water stress parameters of the FJ model. This was attributed to differences in root densities between the different soils and treatments which are accounted for by the C model, whereas the FJ model only considers normalized root densities. The impact of differences in root density on RWU could be accounted for directly by the physically based RWU model but not by empirical models that use normalized root density functions.
The Impact of Financing Pattern on Firm Growth: Evidence fromSwedish Micro Firms

This study examines the impact of financial structures on the growth of micro firms in Sweden. The objective ofthis paper is to explore whether firms’ growth can be associated with patterns of financial acquisition andwhether these patterns influence firms’ growth differently when the source is either internal or external. Basedon agency cost theory, hypotheses were formulated and tested with panel data consisting of 12 101 micro firms,using 84 707 observations for the period 2006–2007. The data were analysed using the seemingly unrelatedregression (SUR) model. The empirical results reveal that internal financial sources – retained profit –significantly influence firm growth. Similarly, short-term debt and growth are positively related. However, firmgrowth is generally more sensitive to retained profit than short-term debt. Interestingly, long-term debt generallyhas no effect on growth. The findings also indicate that size, age, and industry affiliation influence firm growth. Finally, agency cost theory is relevant in explaining the relationship between financing pattern and growth.
On the dynamics and linear stability of one-dimensional steady detonation waves

A detailed analysis of the dynamics and linear stability of a steady one-dimensional detonation wave propagating in a binary reactive system with an Arrhenius chemical kinetics of type is carried out. Starting from the frame of the kinetic theory, the binary reactive mixture is modelled at the mesoscopic scale by the reactive Boltzmann equation (BE), assuming hard sphere cross sections for elastic collisions and step cross sections with activation energy for reactive interactions. The corresponding hydrodynamic limit is based on a second-order non-equilibrium solution of the BE obtained in a previous paper, using the Chapman–Enskog method in a chemical regime for which the reactive interactions are less frequent than the elastic collisions. The resulting hydrodynamic governing equations are the reactive Euler equations, including a rate law which exhibits an explicit dependence on the reaction heat and forward activation energy of the chemical reaction. These equations are used to describe the spatial structure of the steady detonation wave solution and investigate how this structure varies with the reaction heat. The response of the steady solution to one-dimensional disturbances is studied using a normal-mode linear approach which leads to an initial-value problem for the state variable disturbances in the reaction zone. The stability problem is treated numerically, using an iterative shooting technique to determine the unstable modes. The analysis developed here emphasizes the influence of the chemical reaction heat and activation energy on the linear stability spectra.
The Importance of Responsivity Factors in Predicting Reductions in Antisocial Attitudes and Cognitive Distortions Among Adult Male Offenders

The research has demonstrated that cognitive-behavioral treatment programs for offenders work to reduce recidivism. One reason these programs have been found to be effective is that they target one of the “number one” predictors of crime, antisocial attitudes and values. Unfortunately, these programs may not “work” for all offenders. The literature suggests that personal characteristics of offenders, although not directly related to recidivism, may in fact interfere or hinder the ability for the program to “work. ” This is referred to in the literature as the “responsivity principle. ” This study seeks to understand the role that personal or responsivity characteristics of offenders play in whether these attitudes and distortions were reduced. This study found that although individual responsivity characteristics alone were not related to whether the program was successful, individuals with a combination of the important responsivity characteristics (e.g., low intelligence, low self-esteem, and history of sexual abuse) were less likely to benefit from the program. In fact, their cognitive distortions were often made worse. Thus, it may be that responsivity should be seen as having a cumulative effect. The more “issues” an offender has, the less likely the treatment will accomplish what it is “supposed to do”—which in this case was to reduce antisocial or cognitive distortions.
Impacts of Climate Changes on Management Policy of the Harbors, LandAreas and Wetlands in the Sao Paulo State Coastline (Brazil)

Santosharbor and Sao Sebastiao Oil Maritime Terminal are the most important oil and gas facility in the Sao Paulo State Coastline. Santosharbor had, in the last decade, increased rapidly the container handling rate, being the first in Latin America. Santos Metropolitan Region is one of the most important of Brazilian Coastline, also considering the tourism. For that great economic growth scenario it is very important to have wave climate and tidal levels well known considering the sea hazards influence in ship operations. Since the hind-cast just represents the deep water wave climate, to make time-series of the wave’s parameters in coastal waters, for evaluation of sea hazards and ship operations, it is necessary to take into account the variations of those parameters in shallow waters with coastal instrumental data. Analysis of long term wave data-base (1957- 2002) generated by a comparison between wave’s data modeled by a “deep water model” (ERA40-ECMWF) and measured wave’s data in the years 1982-1984 by a coastal buoy in Santos littoral (Sao Paulo State, Brazil) was made. Validation checking procedures with instrumental measurements of storm surges made in other years than 1982-1984 shows high level of confidence. These data, obtained from the climatological analysis compared with a data set found from a scale model of the whole area of Santos Bay, Estuary and nearby beaches (Brazil), showed the impact of maritime climate changes, wave climate and tides upon harbor and coastal structures maintenance, beaches stability, tidal inlet saline intrusion and wetlands flooding. In the same time, the complex environmental system, that characterized the area included between Santos and Caraguatatuba, generates different natural hazard event affecting the maritime activity. A comparative study about the coastal flooding (Santos area) and the fluvial flooding (Juqueriquere river) was conducted. An analysis about the sea level rise, the wave climate and the flooding risk as well as the sediment transport was developed. Considering the increasing of the sea hazards, the high values of the facilities and infrastructures in Sao Paulo State Coastline, it is necessary to mitigate the risks from the point of view of the harbor and coastal structures maintenance and projects purposes increasing defenses procedures. Hence, based on the results obtained by the Authors in previous researches, are highlighted guidelines strategies suggested for Access Channels dimensions, wharves free-board, jetties and breakwaters dimensions, dredging rates, rigid and flexible littoral defenses, saline intrusion and land protection against flooding (including wetlands).
Search for multiple targets of different colours: misguided eye movements reveal a reduction of colour selectivity

Searching for two targets simultaneously is often less efficient than conducting two separate searches. Eye movements were tracked to understand the source of this dual-target cost. Findings are discussed in the context of security screening. In both single-target and dual-target search, displays contained one target at most. Stimuli were abstract shapes modeled after guns and other threat items. With these targets and distractors, color information was more helpful in guiding search than shape information. When the two targets had different colors, distractors with colors different from either target were fixated more often in dual-target search than in single-target searches. Thus a dual-target cost arose from a reduction in color selectivity, reflecting limitations in the ability to represent two target features simultaneously and use them to guide search. Because of these limitations, performance in security searches may improve if each image was searched by two screeners, each specializing in a different category of threat item
Relationship Between Achievement Goal Orientations and Use of Learning Strategies

Abstract Students' achievement goal orientations, learning strategies, and the relationship between them were identified. One hundred and eighty-nine students enrolled in an undergraduate educational psychology course completed a questionnaire on goal orientations and learning strategies. Results indicated that most of the students were close to mastery orientation and somewhat ego-social. Students used deep cognitive strategies often; they used surface and metacognitive strategies occasionally. Mastery orientation predicts use of deep cognitive and metacognitive strategies; when such an orientation is salient, however, less surface cognitive strategy use is expected. Ego-social orientation predicts surface cognitive strategy use but does not relate to deep and metacognitive strategy use. Work-avoidant orientation negatively correlates with deep cognitive and metacognitive strategy use.