Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial Needs and Support Services Accessed by HIV/AIDS Patients of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

HIV/AIDS has become a threat to public health in Nigeria as a result of its devastating consequences, which are manifested in forms of prolonged sickness, deaths and increase in number of orphans and widows/widowers. Nigeria has an estimated population of about 150 million of which about 3.5 million are infected by HIV/AIDS (FMINO, 2007). HIV/AIDS was first identified in Nigeria in 1985 and reported at an International Conference in 1986 (Adeyi et al, 2006). The HIV/AIDS pandemic led to the death of 170,000 Nigerians in 2007 (UNAIDS, 2008). According to Edewor (2010), Nigeria has already surpassed the 5 percent explosive prevalence phase and the disease has killed more than 1.3 million people and orphaned more than 1 million children (FMINO, 2007). The infection rates of HIV/AIDS vary across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. According to Edewor (2010), the mode of HIV transmission in Nigeria is mainly through unprotected sex, and other factors which contribute to the spread of the virus include poverty, Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI), social and religious norms and political and social changes (National AIDS/STD Control Programme, 1999). Parke and Aggleton (2007) noted that negative social attitudes toward marginalised populations, policies mandating the testing of high risk groups and limited legal protections based on HIV status may exacerbate stigma. They stressed further that increase vulnerability to discrimination complicates the social and psychological adjustment of Persons Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The victims require necessary assistance to be able to live happily and contribute meaningfully to the development of the society. Thus, they need psychosocial supports to be able to cope with their challenges. Psychosocial needs can be described as social, mental and spiritual requirements of PLWHA in order to live quality life and contribute to development of the society. The needs can be viewed from a psychological theory propounded by Abraham Maslow in 1943. According to Maslow (1954), the hierarchy of needs is often portrayed in the shape of a pyramid, with the largest and most fundamental levels of needs at the bottom, and the need for selfactualization at the top. The most fundamental and basic four layers of the pyramid contain what Maslow called "deficiency needs" or "d-needs", esteem, friendship and love, security,
Knowledge transfer in offshore outsourcing software development projects: an analysis of the challenges and solutions from German clients

Knowledge transfer is a critical factor in ensuring the success of offshore outsourcing software development projects and is, in many cases, neglected. Compared to in‐house or co‐located projects, however, such globally distributed projects feature far greater complexity. In addition to language barriers, factors such as cultural differences, time zone variance, distinct methods and practices, as well as unique equipment and infrastructure can all lead to problems that negatively impact knowledge transfer, and as a result, a project's overall success. In order to help minimise such risks to knowledge transfer, we conducted a research study based on expert interviews in six projects. Our study used German clients and focused on offshore outsourcing software development projects. We first identified known problems in knowledge transfer that can occur with offshore outsourcing projects. Then we collected best‐practice solutions proven to overcome the types of problems described. Afterward, we conducted a follow‐up study to evaluate our findings. In this subsequent stage, we presented our findings to a different group of experts in five projects and asked them to evaluate these solutions and recommendations in terms of our original goal, namely to find ways to minimise knowledge‐transfer problems in offshore outsourcing software development projects. Thus, the result of our study is a catalog of evaluated solutions and associated recommendations mapped to the identified problem areas.
An Innovative Multidisciplinary Approach to Identifying At-risk Students in Primary Schools

Identification processes for at-risk students in primary schools are pivotal for the implementation of appropriate and timely intervention strategies. With increasingly complex problems facing youth today, it is vital to have identification and referral processes that are effective and efficient. This paper describes an innovative multidisciplinary approach for identification and referral that can be implemented in primary schools.
Ontological modelling and rule‐based reasoning for the provision of personalized patient education

Current approaches to patient education provide generic standardized materials to all patients regardless of their demographics such as age and cognitive abilities. Thus, the effectiveness of this approach may suffer from a patient's motivation to fully engage with the material. To alleviate these concerns, this study proposes a personalized approach to patient education that is tailored to the individual characteristics and health objectives of the patient. Personalized features will enhance the comprehensibility and usability of the process of medical education. Taking this into consideration, this paper introduces a conceptual architecture to create a web‐based personalized patient education experience. A key component of this architecture comprises ontological models of the patient themselves, their medical conditions, physical activities and their educational attainments. Furthermore, rule‐based reasoning is also proposed to achieve this personalization. A use case scenario is provided to highlight the effectiveness of personalized education provision.
Using Fourier coefficients in time series analysis for student performance prediction in blended learning environments

In this work, it is shown that student access time series generated from Moodle log files contain information sufficient for successful prediction of student final results in blended learning courses. It is also shown that if time series is transformed into frequency domain, using discrete Fourier transforms (DFT), the information contained in it will be preserved. Hence, resulting periodogram and its DFT coefficients can be used for generating student performance models with the algorithms commonly used for that purposes. The amount of data extracted from log files, especially for lengthy courses, can be huge. Nevertheless, by using DFT, drastic compression of data is possible. It is experimentally shown, by means of several commonly used modelling algorithms, that if in average all but 5–10% of most intensive and most frequently used DFT coefficients are removed from datasets, the modelling with the remained data will result with the increase of the model accuracy. Resulting accuracy of the calculated models is in accordance with results for student performance models calculated for different dataset types reported in literature. The advantage of this approach is its applicability because the data are automatically collected in Moodle logs.
Association of Definitive Pelvic Radiation Therapy With Survival Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Cervical Cancer

failures apart from the primary targeted tumor. Blood-borne dissemination, the single largest failure pattern in the initial report, increased to just over 30%. With longer follow-up, few additional high-grade toxic effects were reported. It appears that the advanced technologies harnessed for this trial avoided the prohibitive late toxic effects that some speculated would appear.6 Our study has limitations. It enrolled only 59 patients and had no control arm for comparison. To our knowledge, it was the first study of its kind such that many centers enrolled with little experience. Technologies used for treatment have evolved and hopefully improved. The NRG Oncology RTOG 0236 trial demonstrated that technologically intensive treatments, such as SBRT, can be carried out in a cooperative group. While patients continue to experience recurrence and need better therapies, long-term follow-up demonstrates SBRT’s useful performance in at-risk populations and showed that even late toxic effects can be managed by careful application of advanced technology.
Dramatic resolution of choroidal neovascular abnormalities after single aflibercept injection following years of ranibizumab use.

A flibercept (Eylea) is the most recent anti– vascular endothelial growth factor (antiVEGF) product approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Compared with the other anti-VEGF agents commonly used to treat CNV, bevacizumab (Avastin) and ranibizumab (Lucentis), aflibercept has a longer intravitreal half-life and a higher binding affinity to VEGF-A receptor. While this drug is capable of inhibiting both VEGF-A (all isoforms) and placental growth factor, it has not been shown to be superior to ranibizumab. However, aflibercept given every 4 weeks for 3 doses followed by administration every 8 weeks has been shown to have visual acuity outcomes equivalent to those from administration of ranibizumab every 4 weeks through 1 year, providing an opportunity to evaluate its use in persistent retinal thickening from CNV despite years of monthly ranibizumab treatments. We provide an example of one such case demonstrating dramatic improvement 1 month after switching from 5 years of ranibizumab use to the first dose of aflibercept.
Involving Children in the Design of Healthcare Technology

Although children are potential end users of healthcare technology, very little research has investigated their role in its design. Subsequently, very little guidance and few research methods are available for designers of healthcare technology to use in practice. Given that research involving funding from public sector sources in the United Kingdom calls for the compulsory addition of user involvement, there is a need to explore the most suitable methods to ensure the involvement of child populations in the design of healthcare technology. The first stage of the research explored the use of four interview methods for involving children in healthcare technology design. Personal and environmental factors influencing child involvement were examined, alongside the cost and value of child participation. A framework for examining the use of methods for designing with children was also developed and applied. The experience gathered from involving children in the first stage was used to inform the development of an internet application and practice guidelines in the second stage of the research. The internet application was provided as a means of overcoming a range of barriers to child involvement, including disability. The internet application also provided the opportunity to explore the involvement of children in the evaluation of healthcare technology. The experience gathered throughout all of the research was synthesised to produce guidelines for future research in the area. Although interview methods were used to involve children in the design of healthcare technology, future research should focus on examining a wider range of methods. It is recommended that strategies for validating information gathered from children should also be developed. Such future endeavours could be assisted by the insight provided in the guidelines and experiences formed throughout this research.
Progression of hydroxychloroquine toxic effects after drug therapy cessation: new evidence from multimodal imaging.

IMPORTANCE Given the infrequent occurrence of hydroxychloroquine toxic effects, few data are available about the presenting features and long-term follow-up of patients with hydroxychloroquine retinopathy, making it difficult to surmise the clinical course of patients after cessation of drug treatment. OBJECTIVE To report functional and structural findings of hydroxychloroquine retinal toxic effects after drug therapy discontinuation. DESIGN A retrospective medical record review was performed to identify patients taking hydroxychloroquine who were screened for toxic effects from January 1, 2009, through August 31, 2012, in the eye centers of Northwestern University and the University of Southern California. SETTING Northwestern University Sorrel Rosin Eye Center, Chicago, Illinois, and the Doheny Eye Institute at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles. PARTICIPANTS Seven consecutive patients diagnosed as having hydroxychloroquine retinal toxic effects. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURE Retinal toxic effects. RESULTS Seven patients (1 man and 6 women) with a mean age of 55.9 years (age range, 25-74 years) developed retinal toxic effects after using hydroxychloroquine for a mean of 10.4 years (range, 3-19 years). Fundus examination revealed macular pigmentary changes in all 7 patients, corresponding to abnormal fundus autofluorescence (FAF). On spectral domain optical coherence tomography, there was outer retinal foveal resistance (preservation of the external limiting membrane and the photoreceptor layer) in 6 patients. After drug therapy discontinuation, 5 patients experienced outer retinal regeneration (3 subfoveally and 2 parafoveally), with associated functional visual improvement on static perimetry in 2 patients. Over time, FAF remained stable in 3 patients, whereas the remaining patients had a pattern of hypoautofluorescence that replaced areas of initial hyperautofluorescence (2 patients) and enlargement of the total area of abnormal FAF (2 patients). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Preservation of the external limiting membrane carries a positive prognostic value in hydroxychloroquine toxic effects because it may be associated with regeneration of the photoreceptor layer and with potential functional visual improvement on static perimetry. The patterns of abnormal FAF persist despite cessation of the medication, with enlargement of the total area of abnormal FAF being the hallmark of severe toxic effects. Relative foveal resistance in hydroxychloroquine toxic effects was supported by this case series. These findings emphasize the importance of early detection and the need for correlating clinical observations with multimodal imaging, particularly FAF and spectral domain optical coherence tomography.
A Longitudinal Study of Parental Depressive Symptoms and Coparenting in the First 18 Months.

Although the negative impact of postpartum depression on parenting behaviors has been well established-albeit separately-for mothers and fathers, the respective and joint impact of both parents' mood on family-group interactive behaviors, such as coparenting support and conflict behaviors between the parents, have not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the association between parental depressive symptoms and coparenting behaviors in a low-risk sample of families with infants, exploring reciprocity between the variables, as well as gender differences between mothers and fathers regarding these links. At 3 (T1), 9 (T2), and 18 months postpartum (T3), we assessed both parents' depressive symptoms with a self-report questionnaire and observed coparenting support and conflict during triadic mother-father-child interactions. The results revealed that higher maternal depressive symptoms at T1 were associated with lower support at T1 and T2. Conflict at T3 was associated with higher maternal depressive symptoms at T3 and, more surprisingly, with less depressive symptoms in mothers at T2 and fathers at T3. Cross-lagged associations suggested that parental depressive symptoms were more likely to influence coparenting than the reverse. Moreover, maternal depressive symptoms were more likely to be linked to coparenting behaviors than were paternal depressive symptoms. These results confirm that parental-mostly maternal-depressive symptoms, even of mild intensity, may jeopardize the development of healthy family-level relations, which previous research has shown to be crucial for child development.
Domestic rabbits: diseases and parasites

Designed to help ranchers recognize common rabbit diseases. Diseases are classified according to major cause-bacterial, viral, nutritional, hereditary, fungal, and miscellaneous (including poisoning, tumors, and vices). For each disease, the symptoms and treatment are described. Provides advice on packing and shipping specimens for laboratory diagnosis as well. Includes black-and-white photographs of rabbits displaying disease symptoms.
Family-Focused Therapy for Bipolar Disorder: Reflections on 30 Years of Research.

Family-focused therapy (FFT) is an evidence-based intervention for adults and children with bipolar disorder (BD) and their caregivers, usually given in conjunction with pharmacotherapy after an illness episode. The treatment consists of conjoint sessions of psychoeducation regarding bipolar illness, communication enhancement training, and problem-solving skills training. This paper summarizes over 30 years of research on FFT and family processes in BD. Across eight randomized controlled trials with adults and adolescents with BD, FFT and mood-stabilizing medications have been found to hasten recovery from mood episodes, reduce recurrences, and reduce levels of symptom severity compared to briefer forms of psychoeducation and medications over 1-2 years. Several studies indicate that the effects of FFT on symptom improvement are greater among patients with high-expressed emotion relatives. New research focuses on FFT as an early intervention for youth at risk for BD, neuroimaging as a means of evaluating treatment mechanisms, and progress in implementing FFT in community mental health settings.
The Influence of Low HLA-G Protein Expression on Hsp-70 and VCAM-1 Profile in Preeclampsia

Objective: To analyze HLA-G, Hsp-70, and VCAM-1 proteins expression on trophoblast in women with preeclampsia and women with normal pregnancy, and to assess causality relationship between low HLA-G expression and the increased Hsp-70 and VCAM-1 expression in preeclampsia. Method: Observational analytic study with cross sectional design. Results: Trophoblastic HLA-G expression in pregnant women with preeclampsia is lower (p = 0.01) than its expression in women with normal pregnancy. The expressions of Hsp-70 (p = 0.02) and VCAM-1 (p = 0.00) in preeclampsia are higher, compared to normal pregnancy. Regression analysis showed that low HLA-G is a predictor for the increase of trophoblastic Hsp-70 and VCAM-1. Conclusion: Low trophoblastic HLA-G in is a predictor for endothelial dysfunction in women with preeclampsia. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 34-4: 185-90] Keywords: preeclampsia, HLA-G, Hsp-70, VCAM-1, endothelial dysfunction Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ekspresi protein HLA-G, Hsp-70 dan VCAM-1 pada trofoblas perempuan preeklampsia dan perempuan hamil normal. Menganalisis adakah hubungan kausatif adanya penurunan HLA-G terhadap peningkatan ekspresi Hsp-70 dan VCAM-1 pada preeklampsia. Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancang bangun potong lintang. Hasil: Pada trofoblas ibu hamil preeklampsia ekspresi HLA-G lebih rendah (p = 0,01) dibandingkan ekspresinya pada perempuan hamil normal. Ekspresi Hsp-70 (p = 0,02) dan VCAM-1 (p = 0,00) pada preeklampsia lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perempuan hamil normal. Dengan analisis regresi terbukti bahwa HLA-G yang rendah merupakan prediktor untuk terjadinya peningkatan Hsp-70 dan VCAM-1 pada trofoblas. Kesimpulan: HLA-G yang rendah pada trofoblas merupakan prediktor untuk terjadinya kerusakan endotel pada perempuan preeklampsia. [Maj Obstet Ginekol Indones 2010; 34-4: 185-90] Kata kunci: preeklampsia, HLA-G, Hsp-70, VCAM-1, disfungsi endotel
Output feedback stabilization over finite-bandwidth communication channels with signal-to-noise ratio constraint

This paper is concerned with the stabilization problem of an unstable non-minimum phase (NMP) plant controlled over a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) constrained channel with bandwidth limitation. In the considered control structure, communication channel connects a dynamic output feedback controller to the single-input single-output plant. Using a novel description of SNR, the effect of the channel’s NMP zeros on the minimum SNR required for stabilizability is investigated for the first time. It is indicated that in the presence of an NMP bandwidth-limited channel, compared with a minimum phase channel with infinite bandwidth, greater SNR is required to guarantee the stabilizability of the closed-loop system. The results are verified through two numerical examples.
Reasons underlying failure to seek early dental treatment among patients presenting in a Nigeria Tertiary Hospital

The objective of this study was to establish the reason(s) why patients suffering from common dental diseases like dental caries and periodontal disease present late in our centre. An open- ended questionnaire was administered to subjects attending the Dental Clinic of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital for a period of 6 months. Majority of the subjects (n=132, 31.5%) were in their third decade of life and the mean age was 33 ± 4.2 years. The male to female ratio was 1:1.5, and there was no gender difference with respect to age (p=0.374). Majority (n=249, 59.5%) were in the lower socio-economic class. Those who felt the symptoms will resolve on its own (32.8%), trying other medications (23.7%) and financial constraints (10.7%) were the major reasons for presenting late. There is need to strengthen the continuing oral health education programme, and the establishment of more dental clinics in this environment.
Airway Epithelium Controls Lung Inflammation and Injury through the NF-κB Pathway1

Although airway epithelial cells provide important barrier and host defense functions, a crucial role for these cells in development of acute lung inflammation and injury has not been elucidated. We investigated whether NF-κB pathway signaling in airway epithelium could decisively impact inflammatory phenotypes in the lungs by using a tetracycline-inducible system to achieve selective NF-κB activation or inhibition in vivo. In transgenic mice that express a constitutively active form of IκB kinase 2 under control of the epithelial-specific CC10 promoter, treatment with doxycycline induced NF-κB activation with consequent production of a variety of proinflammatory cytokines, high-protein pulmonary edema, and neutrophilic lung inflammation. Continued treatment with doxycycline caused progressive lung injury and hypoxemia with a high mortality rate. In contrast, inducible expression of a dominant inhibitor of NF-κB in airway epithelium prevented lung inflammation and injury resulting from expression of constitutively active form of IκB kinase 2 or Escherichia coli LPS delivered directly to the airways or systemically via an osmotic pump implanted in the peritoneal cavity. Our findings indicate that the NF-κB pathway in airway epithelial cells is critical for generation of lung inflammation and injury in response to local and systemic stimuli; therefore, targeting inflammatory pathways in airway epithelium could prove to be an effective therapeutic strategy for inflammatory lung diseases.