Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A negative halo effect for stuttering? The consequences of stuttering for romantic desirability are mediated by perceptions of personality traits, self-esteem, and intelligence

ABSTRACT Stuttering is a disorder in oral communication that is often accompanied by negative stereotypes and social stigma. The primary goal of the present study was to examine whether opposite-sex perceivers rated the romantic desirability of targets who stuttered differently than targets who did not stutter. We were also interested in examining whether perceptions of the target (i.e., extraversion, emotional stability, self-esteem, and intelligence) would mediate the associations between stuttering and romantic desirability in a zero-acquaintance situation. Results showed that targets who stuttered were perceived to be less romantically desirable than targets who did not stutter. Further, the negative association between stuttering and romantic desirability was mediated by the perceived extraversion, self-esteem, and intelligence of the targets. Discussion will focus on the implications of these results for the understanding of the negative halo effect for stuttering.
Advance Booking Discount for Risk-Averse Firm in the Presence of Spot Market

ABSTRACT We consider a risk-averse firm that procure intermediate goods through forward contract as well as in a B2B spot market and then use those goods to produce seasonal products. We examine when and why a risk-averse firm implements advance booking discount program. The firm that adopts this program initially decides the optimal discount coefficient and subsequently determines the order quantity of the forward contract. During the selling season, the firm can trade the intermediate goods on the B2B spot market. Our study finds that if the product has a relatively low wholesale price and the coefficient of variation in demand is relatively high, it is optimal for the firm to sell the product with a discount prior to the selling season. By contrast, the firm should not offer a discount if the product has a low wholesale price where the coefficient of variation in demand is relatively low or a relatively high wholesale price.
Infectious Disease, Disgust, and Imagining the Other

In this article, I examine the American public’s reaction to two recent infectious disease outbreaks: Ebola and Zika. Using a set of parallel questions, I investigate the ways in which public reactions to these distinct threats diverge and converge. I compare the microfoundations of public reactions to these two disparate infectious diseases—and, specifically, I use a behavioral immune system account to examine how disgust sensitivity and group-based prejudice shape understandings of these diseases and policies relating to them. I find the most prominent predictor of views on Ebola and Zika is disgust sensitivity—particularly individual differences in disgust-based reactions to contamination. The evidence in this article suggests that public opinion on these policies is grounded not necessarily in the cold cognition of scientific risk management but in visceral disgust reactions—reactions that can easily be distorted by imagination.
Geographical variations in the relation between final course grades and results on the national tests in social sciences, 2015-2017

ABSTRACT Grade inflation, involving comparisons between public and independent schools, is presently under discussion in Sweden. This paper reports on discrepancies between national test results and the final course grade in social sciences, in year 9. Open data at school level were used in OLS regression analyses to scrutinise systematic differences between independent and public schools and between different geographical units. The geographical analysis was used to highlight systematic geographical inconsistencies between national test results and the final course grade. The main findings of the present study are: 1) The differences in grading between private and public actors are small when considering important background factors like the average educational level of parents, the school’s grade point average (GPA), and which national test in social sciences was carried out at the school. 2) Schools in metropolitan areas are more inclined to give pupils a higher final course grade than their national test result, and it is less likely that schools in metropolitan areas and in municipalities surrounding the metropolitan areas give pupils a final course grade that is lower than their national test result. The regional differences might well affect pupils’ continued studies, and the ambition of providing an equitable school to all children in all parts of Sweden has thus not been successful.
An Analysis of Services Available to Dual Language Learners and Their Families at Head Start

This study addressed gaps in current research on the types of services that Head Start provided for dual language learners (DLLs) and whether the Head Startâ€™s DLL services would be related to the Head Start program goals, DLL parentsâ€™ involvement, and family-school partnership. This study used the Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey (FACES 2009) to address these gaps. Two types of Head Startâ€™s DLL services emerged: family/adult focus and child ESL focus. The services with family/adult focus were related to the program goals of providing the families with language and educational support whereas the services with child ESL focus were related to the program goals of connecting the families with the communitiesâ€™ resources and services. Further, services with family/adult focus were related to greater parent involvement and family-school partnership than services with child ESL focus. Research and practical implications are discussed.
Análisis factorial exploratorio: Bases conceptuales y metodológicas

En el presente trabajo se realiza una revision de los fundamentos y principales procedimientos del analisis factorial exploratorio, un metodo esencial para la construccion, adaptacion y validacion de tests psicologicos. El articulo se presenta considerando las principales decisiones estrategicas que debe tomar el investigador durante la implementacion del metodo. Se discuten ademas las distintas opciones conceptuales y metodologicas que se plantean en cada fase de la aplicacion del Analisis Factorial Exploratorio. Palabras claves: Analisis Factorial Exploratorio; Test Psicologicos; Metodos de Extraccion
EFFECT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF READING AND WRITING SKILLS. EXPERIENCES IN BASIC AND SECONDARY EDUCATION IN COLOMBIA

The development of reading and writing skills is very important for any citizen in the knowledge society. Without this development, it is not possible to have successful improvements in the rest of the knowledge areas. Many actors in Colombia (Governments, Universities, Schools and others) have made efforts to improve the teaching-learning processes, however the impact has been low. The low levels in international tests (e.g.: PISA-OECD), the low levels in Colombian Government tests (Saber 11), the low reading and writing capacity of the students that reach higher education, among other aspects are indicators that these efforts have not been enough. This paper presents a research proposal where was observed the results of 19 learning experiences with incorporation of educational technology in basic and secondary education. The experiences were developed between 2015 and 2018 by 35 teachers of Spanish Language. Those activities were developed at 8 Colombian departments of the country with more of 650 students. The research methods of these experiences are: Qualitative (12), Quantitative (3) and Mixed (4). Among the most used instruments is the survey, the interview, the direct observation and the field diary. Regarding the most used technological mediations with greater effect are: Educational web portals, educational software, mental maps, digital boards and interactive videos. The most important results were: Every variable like academic performance, student motivation, attitude, among others, have been improved. The teaching-learning process takes place between two main actors: teachers and students. However, the review of several of the experiences of this text shows the intervention of a third actor (student's family), which becomes a key factor to enhance literacy skills. Finally, correct activity planning, the diversity and the creativity of the activities are key factors to promote the development of literacy skills.
A Review of IPO Activity, Pricing and Allocations

We review the theory and evidence on IPO activity: why firms go public, why they reward first-day investors with considerable underpricing, and how IPOs perform in the long run. Our perspective is threefold: First, we believe that many IPO phenomena are not stationary. Second, we believe research into share allocation issues is the most promising area of research in IPOs at the moment. Third, we argue that asymmetric information is not the primary driver of many IPO phenomena. Instead, we believe future progress in the literature will come from nonrational and agency conf lict explanations. We describe some promising such alternatives. From 1980 to 2001, the number of companies going public in the United States exceeded one per business day. The number of initial public offerings ~IPOs! has varied from year to year, however, with some years seeing fewer than 100 IPOs, and others seeing more than 400. These IPOs raised $488 billion ~in 2001 dollars! in gross proceeds, an average of $78 million per deal. At the end of the first day of trading, their shares traded on average at 18.8 percent above the price at which the company sold them. For an investor buying shares at the first-day closing price and holding them for three years, IPOs returned 22.6 percent. Still, over three years, the average IPO underperformed the CRSP value-weighted market index by 23.4 percent and underperformed seasoned companies with the same market capitalization and book-to-market ratio by 5.1 percent. In a nutshell, these numbers summarize the patterns in issuing activity, underpricing, and long-run underperformance, which have been the focus of a large theoretical and empirical literature. We survey this literature, focusing on recent papers. Space constraints force us to take a U.S.-centric point of view and to omit a description of the institutional aspects of going public. The interested reader can consult Ellis, Michaely, and O’Hara ~2000! ,
Green hotel brands in Malaysia: perceived value, cost, anticipated emotion, and revisit intention

ABSTRACT Although in recent years, green practices have received considerable interest in the tourism and hospitality industry, there is a lack of studies that explore the determinants of customers’ positive behaviour. Thus, this study aims to understand the mechanism of how customers for attitudinal loyalty towards the green hotel. Specifically, based on the cognitive–affective–conative framework, the proposed model examines the link between cognitive evaluation (i.e. perceived cost and value), affective responses (i.e. positive/negative anticipated emotion and attitude), and conative sense (e.g. behavioural intention). Findings support the relative impact of customers’ perceived value and benefits on positive and negative anticipated emotion. Also, results also provide an understanding of important antecedents in creating customers’ attitude behavioural intentions towards green hotel brands. Thus, this study fills the research gap by examining the formation mechanism of customers’ attitudinal loyalty in the green hotel setting.
Effects of effluent discharge on man and soil ecosystem in Calabar, south southern Nigeria

The impact of Flour Mill Effluent (FME) on soil physicochemical properties at Ekorinim in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria, were analyzed at the depths of 0-15cm and 15-30cm. Conventional analytical methods were employed for the determination of these physicochemical parameters. The results of the physicochemical analysis showed that the Bulk density in polluted soil ranged from the mean SD 1.23 ± 1.45mg/dm 3 and the mean value of non-contaminated soil was 7.4. 1±1.20 (mg/dm 3 ), the porosity of polluted soil 0.48 ± 0.55(mg/dm 3 ) and non-polluted soil 0.48 ± 0.33mg/dm 3 . The pH values in all the sites ranged from 5.01 to 5.70, indicating acidity of the soils. The Soil Organic Carbon concentration values ranged from of O.57% -2.39% in both polluted and non-polluted soils, indicating presence of some organic matter and microbiological activities in the soil samples. The Electrical Conductivity of contaminated soil is extremely saline, while the one of non-polluted soil is very saline indicating significant presence of some soluble inorganic salts in soils studied. Minerals such as Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium recorded highest concentration in soil with effluent discharged. CEC in polluted and non-polluted soil have mean standard deviation of 2.15 ± 0.74 cmol kg -¹ , 1.79 ± 0.74 cmol kg¯ ¹ respectively, lower than the critical limit of <0.6 cmol kg¯ ¹ which is low in nature. Significant differences in the levels of manganese, iron, chromium, magnesium, nitrate, clay and sand, temperature, conductivity pH, and CEC across the different Sampling locations and the topsoil of Flour Mill Effluent were observed (ANOVA, p ≤ 0.05) Overall results indicated that, Flour Mill Effluent can add nutrients to the soils if properly harnessed to eliminate heavy metals which constitute a major health risk to the local population through pollution. Keywords: Flour Mill Effluents, Soil Physicochemical properties, Pollution, heavy metals
Inferring Aerosol Sources from Low-Cost Air Quality Sensor Measurements: A Case Study in Delhi, India

Low-cost sensors (LCS) offer the opportunity to measure urban air quality at a spatiotemporal scale that is finer than what is currently practical with expensive research- or regulatory-grade instruments. Recently, the LCS research community has focused largely on sensor calibration, pollution monitoring, and exposure assessment; here, we investigate the applicability of LCS for characterizing particulate pollution sources in an urban environment. Using an integrated multipollutant LCS system (which measures both gases and particles), we collected air quality data for 6 weeks during the winter at a site in Delhi, India. The results were compared to measurements taken by co-located research-grade particle instruments. Non-negative matrix factorization was used to deconvolve LCS data into unique factors that were then identified by examining the factor composition and comparing them to the research-grade measurements. The data were described well by three factors: a combustion factor characterized by high C.
Reconsidering partisanship as a constraint on the persuasive effects of debates

ABSTRACT This study tests persuasive effects of 30 debate performances drawn from samples (n = 5780) of 22 states over four election cycles (2004–2016). We test partisanship of the candidate, type of debate (presidential or vice-presidential), gender of the candidate, whether it was the first debate of the cycle, and whether it was a town-hall debate as possible moderators. Results reveal that viewers are likely to perceive their inparty candidate more favorably after viewing a debate, particularly for vice-presidential candidates, Democratic candidates, and female candidates. Debate viewing did not consistently influence evaluations of the outparty candidate. We conclude that debates can persuade and argue for a reconceptualization of partisan-motivated reasoning as a constraint on political persuasion.
Shadow Removal in Acquired Image for Visual Servoing of Unmanned Ground Vehicles

: Vision-guided robotic operation is one of the new concepts in teleoperated Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) for military applications. The objective of the Visual Servoing (VS) is to control the position of the robotic arm using the data such as the distance of an object from the reference frame, or the length and width of the object extracted from the vision sensor. In Image-Based Visual Servoing (IBVS) scheme, position control values are computed from image features directly. This work proposes the technique of shadow removal of the object through the advanced light model from the image, acquired using a monocular camera. The 2D spatial coordinates and Point-of-Contact (PoC) of the object with reference to the ground plane is computed using straight-line equations. PoC analysis is made through mapping of pixel distances to spatial distances to analyses mean pixel distance, and the percentage of error obtained between actual distance and calculated distance computed. Other parameters like the width of the object and, the distance between the camera and object is also estimated. The computed result yields a maximum error of 3 cm and shows 2.6% error for camera fixed at the height of 160 cm with a tilt angle of 50˚, which covers an area of 150 cm x 120 cm.
Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan Bahan Ajar IPA Terpadu Bermuatan Literasi Era Digital untuk Pembelajaran Siswa SMP Kelas VIII

Science learning should be able to develop the ability to think, to work, to use tools, and to live in the world for students. Integrated Science learning and integration of digital age literacy give good opportunities for students to develop fourth of these skills. But the reality shows that the implementa-tion of integrated science learning and integration of literacy in learning can’t be implemented well. An alternative solution of this problem is to develop integrated science learning by integrating digital age literacy. Before developing this integrated science materials it is necessary to conduct preliminary research as a basis for designing this learning materials. The purpose of this preliminary research is to describe the integration of knowledge basic competencies of science subjects, the implementation of integrated science learning, the learning materials available for science learning, and the integrating literacy of students. The type of research was descriptive research method. As object of the research consist of science teachers, syllabus and science learning materials, and students of grade VIII in ju-nior high school. Instruments to collect data consist of interview guide sheet, science syllabus and learning materials document, and digital age literacy test sheet. Research data was analyzed with de-scriptive statistic. Base on data analysis can be stated that results of this research are: 1). integrated science learning on grade VIII junior high school students can’t be implemented well, 2). the value of integration of science learning materials and its application in knowledge basic competence can be classified into enough category, 3). generally science learning materials in integrated science text-books and science worksheet on grade VIII junior high school are still separated form, and 4). the average value of digital age literacy of students is classified into low category.
Implementing electronic scales to support standardized phenotypic data collection - the case of the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA)

In the clinical domain, phenotypic abnormalities are defined as alterations in normal morphology, physiology, or behavior. In rare genetic diseases, computational representation of phenotypic abnormalities is crucial to improve the interpretation of the genetic tests. Unlike genomic technology, collecting and analyzing phenotype data is not usually conducted following a standardized process. Rating scales represent an important resource for standardized data collection, especially in neurology. Representing rating scales using clinical information archetypes promotes computational data standardization. However, phenotypic descriptions arise from clinical interpretation of the collected data. Hence, their computational representation requires facilities for exploiting reasoning on clinical archetypes, which is a challenge nowadays. The main objective of this doctoral thesis was to facilitate the integration of the semantics required to automatically interpret collections of standardized clinical data. In order to address the objective, we combined the best performances from clinical archetypes, guidelines and ontologies for developing an electronic prototype for the Scale of the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), broadly used in neurology. A scaled-down version of the Human Phenotype Ontology was automatically extracted and used as backbone to normalize the content of the SARA through clinical archetypes. The knowledge required to exploit reasoning on the SARA data was modeled as separate information-processing units interconnected via the defined archetypes. Based on this approach, we implemented a prototype named SARA Management System, to be used for both the assessment of cerebellar syndrome and the production of a clinical synopsis. For validation purposes, we used recorded SARA data from 28 anonymous subjects affected by SCA36. Our results reveal a substantial degree of agreement between the results achieved by the prototype and human experts, confirming that the combination of archetypes, ontologies and guidelines is a good solution to automate the extraction of relevant phenotypic knowledge from plain scores of rating scales.
Fighting for Talent: Risk-Taking, Corporate Volatility, and Organizational Change

We show that access to finance may affect firms through the labour market. Talented workers want to realise their ideas but also seek insurance against income risk. Large firms default less often than small firms but they investigate more thoroughly and reject more good ideas. With easier access to consumer credit, talented workers become less averse to the income risk of working in small firms. Thus, small firms gain an advantage on the labour market, their profit volatility increases and large firms react by creating spin-offs. Existing and original empirical evidence is consistent with the implications of our theory.
Using facebook for the purpose of students interaction and its correlation with students academic performance

Facebook has now become the most popular social networking tool among university-aged youth. Its popularity has transformed it into an acceptable platform for educational purposes. The use of Facebook is currently more suited to facilitate online interaction among learning participants. The purpose of this study is to investigate students’ perception towards the use of Facebook for course-related online interaction and its effect on academic performance. The data were collected using a survey method of data collection. A quantitative data analysis process was employed using SPSS statistics software. The findings of the study revealed that students had positive views towards the use of Facebook for online interaction with peers. Additionally, the findings reveal that there is a relationship between students’ perceived online interaction via Facebook and academic performance.
Using a flipped classroom to embed information literacy skills training into academic studies

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