Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variational models and numerical algorithms for selective image segmentation

This thesis deals with the numerical solution of nonlinear partial differential equations and their application in image processing. The differential equations we deal with here arise from the minimization of variational models for image restoration techniques (such as denoising) and recognition of objects techniques (such as segmentation). Image denoising is a technique aimed at restoring a digital image that has been contaminated by noise while segmentation is a fundamental task in image analysis responsible for partitioning an image as sub-regions or representing the image into something that is more meaningful and easier to analyze such as extracting one or more specific objects of interest in images based on relevant information or a desired feature. Although there has been a lot of research in the restoration of images, the performance of such methods is still poor, especially when the images have a high level of noise or when the algorithms are slow. Task of the segmentation is even more challenging problem due to the difficulty of delineating, even manually, the contours of the objects of interest. The problems are often due to low contrast, fuzzy contours, similar intensities with adjacent objects, or the objects to be extracted having no real contours. The first objective of this work is to develop fast image restoration and segmentation methods which provide better denoising and fast and robust performance for image segmentation. The contribution presented here is the development of a restarted homotopy analysis method which has been designed to be easily adaptable to various types of image processing problems. As a second research objective we propose a framework for image selective segmentation which partitions an image based on the information known in advance of the object/objects to be extracted (for example the left kidney is the target to be extracted in a CT image and the prior knowledge is a few markers in this object of interest). This kind of segmentation appears especially in medical applications. Medical experts usually estimate and manually draw the boundaries of the organ/organs based on their experience. Our aim is to introduce automatic segmentation of the object of interest as a contribution not only to the way doctors and surgeons diagnose and operate but to other fields as well. The proposed methods showed success in segmenting different objects and perform well in different types of images not only in two-dimensional but in three-dimensional images as well.
Structural Equation Modeling: Applications Using Mplus

A reference guide for applications of SEM using MplusStructural Equation Modeling: Applications Using Mplus is intended as both a teaching resource and a reference guide. Written in non-mathematical terms, this book focuses on the conceptual and practical aspects of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Basic concepts and examples of various SEM models are demonstrated along with recently developed advanced methods, such as mixture modeling and model-based power analysis and sample size estimate for SEM. The statistical modeling program, Mplus, is also featured and provides researchers with a flexible tool to analyze their data with an easy-to-use interface and graphical displays of data and analysis results.Key features:Presents a useful reference guide for applications of SEM whilst systematically demonstrating various advanced SEM models, such as multi-group and mixture models using Mplus.Discusses and demonstrates various SEM models using both cross-sectional and longitudinal data with both continuous and categorical outcomes.Provides step-by-step instructions of model specification and estimation, as well as detail interpretation of Mplus results.Explores different methods for sample size estimate and statistical power analysis for SEM.By following the examples provided in this book, readers will be able to build their own SEM models using Mplus. Teachers, graduate students, and researchers in social sciences and health studies will also benefit from this book.
Towards a self-evolving software defect detection process

Software defect detection research typically focuses on individual inspection and testing techniques. However, to be effective in applying defect detection techniques, it is important to recognize when to use inspection techniques and when to use testing techniques. In addition, it is important to know when to deliver a product and use maintenance activities, such as trouble shooting and bug fixing, to address the remaining defects in the software. To be more effective detecting software defects, not only should defect detection techniques be studied and compared, but the entire software defect detection process should be studied to give us a better idea of how it can be conducted, controlled, evaluated and improved. This thesis presents a self-evolving software defect detection process (SEDD) that provides a systematic approach to software defect detection and guides us as to when inspection, testing or maintenance activities are best performed. The approach is self-evolving in that it is continuously improved by assessing the outcome of the defect detection techniques in comparison with historical data. A software architecture and prototype implementation of the approach is also presented along with a case study that was conducted to validate the approach. Initial results of using the self-evolving defect detection approach are promising.
Complexity Theory and the Social Sciences : The state of the art

Acknowledgements. Introduction. Part I: Framing the Issues 1. Understanding the Complex 2. Restricted Complexity and General Complexity: An Outline of the Arguments 3. Complexity Theory and the Philosophy of Social Science Part II: Complexity Theory Meets Social Theory. Introduction to Part II. 4. Evolutionary Social Theory 5. Structure and Agency 6. Time and Place Part III: Complexity Theory: Methodology and Methods 7. Complexity and Methodology: Exploring Trajectories through Narratives 8. Hunting Causes in a Complex World 9. Researching the Complex Social Part IV: Complexity in Action 10. Complexity in Disciplines and Fields 11. Opening the Social Sciences: The Post-disciplinary Implications of the Complexity Frame of Reference. Conclusion: Complexity and the Social Sciences: The Way Forward
Action in Elementary Social Studies

I. The Foundations of Social Studies 1. The Current Status: Controversy, Uncertainty, and Conflicting Perspectives 2. The Social Studies Curriculum II. Planning Effective Instruction 3. Characteristics of Effective Teaching 4. Planning Lessons and Units 5. Personalizing Instruction 6. The Evaluation Process III. Teaching Elementary Social Studies 7. Methods for Teaching Map Skills 8. Methods for Teaching Graphing Skills 9. Teaching Content Through Inquiry 10. Concept Attainment Teaching Strategies 11. Effective Questioning and Discussion Strategies 12. Interactive Teaching Strategies: Role Playing, Simulations and Games 13. Character Development IV. Related and Supporting Themes 14. Reading and Social Studies 15. Supporting Themes
Source code documentation for the Clark-Hall cloud-scale model code version g3ch01. Technical note

The primary purpose of this document is to supply sufficient information to users to allow them to apply the model efficiently and, in some cases, modify the code to satisfy special needs. Certain aspects of the model are described only briefly in this document as they are adequately discussed in published papers. A list of these papers and their focus is included in Appendix A.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI BELAJAR INTRINSIK DAN MINAT BELAJAR TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN ADMINISTRASI PERKANTORAN ANGKATAN 2010 FAKULTAS EKONOMI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA.

PENGARUH MOTIVASI BELAJAR INTRINSIK DAN MINAT BELAJAR TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN ADMINISTRASI PERKANTORAN ANGKATAN 2010 FAKULTAS EKONOMI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA Oleh : Arif Budianto NIM : 08402244036 Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : 1) Pengaruh motivasi belajar intrinsik terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran Angkatan 2010 FE UNY ; 2) Pengaruh minat belajar terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran angkatan 2010 FE UNY ; 3) Pengaruh motivasi belajar intrinsik dan minat belajar mahasiswa secara bersama-sama terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran angakatan 2010 FE UNY. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex post facto dengan subjek penelitian mahasiswa Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran angkatan 2010 FE UNY dengan jumlah 86 mahasiswa. Uji coba instrumen dilaksanakan pada mahasiswa Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran angkatan 2011 FE UNY dengan jumlah 30 mahasiswa . Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket atau kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Uji coba instumen menggunakan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji prasarat analisis yang meliputi uji normalitas, uji linieritas dan uji multikolinieritas. Kemudian untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan analisis bivariat dan analisis multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan motivasi belajar intrinsik terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran angkatan 2010 FE UNY, hal ini dibuktikan dari nilai t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel (7,237>2,000) dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000, yang berarti kurang dari 0,05 (0,000 2,000) dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000, yang berarti kurang dari 0,05 (0,000 3,44) dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 yang berarti kurang dari 0,05 (0,000<0,05). Besarnya koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,507 atau 50,7%. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel motivasi belajar intrinsik dan minat belajar sebesar 50,7%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 49,3% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti. Kata kunci : motivasi belajar intrinsik, minat belajar, prestasi belajar.
The sampling theorem

Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kotelnikov published a version of the sampling theorem in 1933, in the proceedings of a Russian conference on light current engineering. This brief paper gives some of the background and points readers to a more detailed discussion and full translation at ict.open. ac.uk/classics.
The National Coordinated Cataloging Program

Le programme national de catalogage coordonne est un systeme dans lequel des bibliotheques de recherche, qui ont ete designees, suivent des pratiques agreees pour creer des enregistrements bibliographiques a un niveau national et ainsi constituer une base de donnees qui alimentera celle de la Bibliotheque du Congres. Cette experience, commencee en 1988, est decrite dans cet article
Designing Help Systems Using a GOMS Model: Part 1. An Information Retrieval Evaluation

Abstract : Using the GOMS model (Card, Moran, and Newell, 1983), a help system was developed which was complete and well structured. The content of this help system was determined from the goals, operators, methods, and selection rules, needed to perform HyperCard (TM) authoring tasks. The index to these help methods, which was an integrated part of the system, was determined from the hierarchical goal tree provided by the GOMS analysis. To determine the effectiveness of using GOMS as a design aid for help systems, the GOMS help system was compared to a state-of-the-art help interface developed by Apple (R) Computer which was modified slightly for experimental purposes (Original help system). Two groups of 14 users, assigned to one of the two help systems, retrieved help information for 56 tasks separated into 4 sessions. Human- computer interaction, Online help, Information retrieval.
Written and Spoken Peer Feedback in EFL Writing Instruction : A Case with Japanese Undergraduates (林 良児先生 退職記念号)

Although it has not yet gained a significant place in EFL classrooms, peer feedback (PF) is becoming more common and its effects are being investigated in Asian classrooms. Previous research suggests that PF (using L1) exerts positive influences on revisions of EFL students’ L2 writing. A previous classroom-based study hinted at the advantages of PF (using L2) in light of Japanese EFL students’ motivation and engagement in L2 writing. To further explore the benefits of written-plus-spoken PF in L2, the present follow-up study investigated Japanese undergraduates’ peer interactions over a 12-week-long writing class. The results showed dialogic interactions such as verbalizing reactions, asking/answering questions, and requesting/ providing explanations about the content of peer writing. The results provided support for the claim that bimodal PF in L2 creates opportunities for social interaction and collaborative learning, thus enhancing student motivation and engagement in writing. Possible implications of the results are discussed as they pertain to writing research and pedagogy.
Children Reading Pictures: Interpreting Visual Texts

Section I: Definitions, Processes and Models 1. The Nature of Picturebooks: Theories about Visual Texts and Readers 2. Visual Literacy - Processes, Frameworks and Models: Towards a Developmental Theory of Response to Visual Texts Section II: Looking and Seeing - Children Responding to Picturebooks 3. On a Walk with Lily and Satoshi Kitamura: How Children Link Words and Pictures Along the Way 4. 'A Gorilla with Grandpa's Eyes': How Children Interpret Ironic Picturebooks - A Case Study of Anthony Browne's Zoo 5. 'Letting the Story Out': Encounters with Anthony Browne's The Tunnel 6. Thinking Aloud: Looking at Children Drawing in Response to Picturebooks Section III: Listening, Talking, Thinking and Learning 7. Putting Yourself in the Picture: A Question of Talk 8. 'The Words to Say It': Young Bilingual Learners Responding to Visual Texts 9. Picturebooks and Metaliteracy: Children Talking about How they Read Pictures Section IV: Conclusions 10. The Artist's Voice: Browne and Kitamura Talking Pictures 11. Conclusions: Seeing, Thinking and Knowing
DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL STUDIES AND METHODS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND VISUAL FUNCTION

In the study of visual function an understanding of the visual pathways is essential. Once this is achieved then quantitative measurements can be made in order to assess the quality of vision. However, this development can at times be problematic and may lead to visual disorders. Some of these visual disorders are directly related to the development but others may not. We are concerned with mainly one of these visual disorders, infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS). Common ways INS is assessed is through visual evoked potentials (VEP), or electroretinigrams (ERG). The current work is a comprehensive multidisciplinary attempt to develop new tools and methods for assessing these visual functions in order to both complement as well as introduce new clinical tools that will help in finding efficient treatments by identifying the activation patterns in the brain. This is divided into three stages: functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) of oculomotor movements, development of a near infrared spectroscopy system (NIRS) for visual cortex monitoring, and finally an MRI post processing scheme to enhance the cortical imaging. These three stages are an attempt to develop tools in order to aid in visual function studies.
Packet Aggregation in Linux

Voice over IP (VoIP) traffic in a multi-hop wireless mesh network (WMN) suffers from a large overhead due to mac/IP/UDP/RTP headers and time collisions. A consequence of the large overhead is that only a small number of concurrent VoIP calls can be supported in a WMN[17]. Hop-to-hop packet aggregation can reduce network overhead and increase the capacity. Packet aggregation is a concept which combines several small packets, destined to a common next-hop destination, to one large packet. The goal of this thesis was to implement packet aggregation on a Linux distribution and to increase the number of concurrent VoIP calls. We use as testbed a two-hop WMN with a fixed data rate of 2Mbit/s. Traffic was generated between nodes using MGEN[20] to simulate VoIP behavior. The results from the tests show that the number of supported concurrent flows in the testbed is increased by 135% compared to unaggregated traffic.
Evaluating delay and energy in sensor networks with sporadic and correlated traffic

Wireless sensor networks are usually comprised of a set of sensors that are equipped with a wireless transmitter/ receiver and of a set of data sinks where the information gathered by sensors should be treated. The delay, from the time when events are sensed to the time when the information arrives at sinks, has to satisfy some specific requirements. These requirements depend on the underlying application targeted by the network, and typically consist in ensuring that the delay is less than a pre-defined threshold with high probability. A common issue in sensor networks is then to design distributed scheduling and routing algorithms so as to maximize the network lifetime while guaranteeing the delay requirements. This optimization problem has to account for the particular nature of traffic in sensor networks: the traffic there is (i) sporadic, in the sense that sensors do not have always packets to transmit, (ii) correlated, meaning that the sensors belonging to a common neighborhood may generate traffic simultaneously (e.g., a network sensing temperatures typically exhibits correlated traffic). In this work, we aim at providing analytical and simulation tools able to quantify the packet delays in sensor networks with sporadic and correlated traffic, for various types of distributed scheduling protocols. These tools may then be used to design protocols maximizing the lifetime of delay-constrained networks.
HSM-based Change Impact Analysis of Object-Oriented Java Programs ∗

Small changes to software are sometimes likely to cause unpredicted and negative effects on other parts of the software, especially for object-oriented Java programs due to the complicated relations between their components. Software Change impact analysis (CIA) is a key technique for identifying these potential effects. Most existing CIA techniques focus on method level without con- sidering various changes at different granularity levels. In this article, we propose a new CIA technique, HSMIm- pact, which is performed in three steps: firstly, hierarchical change sets are defined at different granularity levels; then a CIA process is promoted based on the Hierarchical slic- ing model (HSM) technology; finally Hierarchical impact sets (HIS) are computed from package-level to statement- level, which show that precision can be improved at finer granularity level. Preliminary case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique.
PLAZMA DALDIRMA İYON İMPLANTASYONU VE BİRİKTİRME (PIII&D) PROSESİ GERİLİMLERİNİN AZOT PLAZMASINDA ORTOPEDİK İMPLANT MALZEMESİ Ti6Al4V YÜZEYİNDE OLUŞTURULAN Ag KAPLAMALARININ MORFOLOJİLERİNE, FAZ OLUŞUMLARINA ve E-Coli. ADEZYONUNA ETKİLERİ

Gumusun antimikrobiyal etkisini ve titanyum nitrurun mekanik ve kimyasal ozelliklerini birlestirmek icin, ortopedik implant malzemesi olarak kullanilan Ti6Al4V alasiminin yuzeyine N2 plazmasinda plazma daldirma iyon implantasyonu ve biriktirme (PIIID bunun yaninda, negatif darbeli yuksek gerilimin artmasiyla yuzeyde gumus miktarinin azaldigi gozlemlenmistir.
Markov Decision Processes and Approximate Dynamic Programming Methods for Optimal Treatment Design

MASON, JENNIFER ELIZABETH. Markov Decision Processes and Approximate Dynamic Programming Methods for Optimal Treatment Design. (Under the direction of Brian T. Denton.) Chronic diseases are a leading cause of death in the United States and other countries. For many chronic diseases, treatment options are available to manage the disease and reduce the risk of adverse events. We present a Markov decision process (MDP) to determine the optimal timing of medications over a patient’s lifetime to control the risk of adverse events. A second MDP is used to study the optimal timing of adherence-improving interventions once a patient has begun treatment. Both models are studied in the context of treatment decisions for patients with type 2 diabetes. The first MDP considers medications for the management of blood pressure and cholesterol to reduce the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease events. The states represent the patient’s blood pressure and cholesterol. We consider two objectives: maximizing rewards for life years minus costs before the patient’s first event, and maximizing rewards for quality-adjusted life years minus costs of treatment over the patient’s lifetime. We compare two approximate dynamic programming methods to solve the continuous-state MDP: state aggregation and basis function approximation of the value function. We use multiple basis functions, including survival functions and linear functions in terms of the state variables, and we use a linear program to solve for the basis function weights. We provide theoretical insights into the model, including providing insight into the parameters that are most important for deciding between two medications for a special case of rewards. We also provide extensive numerical results, including a comparison of optimal treatment policies with U.S. and international treatment guidelines. The second MDP considers the use of adherence-improving interventions once a patient has begun medical treatment. Adherence states are defined using enhanced electronic health records connected to pharmacy claims data to define percentage of days covered. We present several theoretical properties of the optimal policy. We also provide results from numerical experiments comparing the optimal policy to a simple periodic policy. c ⃝ Copyright 2012 by Jennifer Elizabeth Mason
Interlanguage Variation in Theoretical and Pedagogical Perspective

Part I Variation in native speaker speech 1 Variation Theory 2 A study of variation in the native speaker speech community 3 Language Variation and Change Part II Variation in nonnative speaker speech 4 The study of variation in interlanguage 5 The acquisition of English irregular past tense by Chinese-speaking children Part III Variation in theoretical perspective 6 Psychological theories of linguistic variation 7 Cognitive linguistics Part IV Variation in pedagogical perspective 8 Speaking style and monitoring 9 Teaching implications Appendix: Variation and change in color semantics
Can a graded reader of authentic material be generated

The thesis investigates if a graded reader for English leveled to the CEFR levels by using the English Vocabulary Profile (EVP) dictionary can be generated from a corpus of authentic material. It was tested on Wikipedia and the ukWaC corpus. There were some problems in making correctmatches between the words in the EVP word lists with the tagged words of the corpora. The results show it might be possible to find enough suitable texts to generate a graded reader for at least the higher CEFR levels if only lemmas are considered. If also the POS tags should be matched between the word list and the corpora the errors were too big to be able to give a conclusive answer.
Overt scope: a case study in Hungarian

We describe here a representative sample of Hungarian quantificational structures. We argue that principles of mirror theory are crucially involved in the explanation of inverse scope, which typically arises when the linearly first quantifier Q is embedded in some constituent C which is structurally higher then the linearly second quantifier Q' but where C is nevertheless in the scope of Q'. In mirror theory such structures need not involve movement or chain relations, they can be considered "base generated", with C continuing its extended word (extended projection) via a structural specifier relation. Such right-to-left scoping call for a notion of scope that is not a purely graph-theoretic relation between the wide scope taker and its domain but is, instead, crucially mediated by the head that the wide scope taker shares features with; an independently motivated move in the assumed framework.