Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimum Number of Cascaded Cells for High-Power Medium-Voltage AC–DC Converters

For power electronic systems to interface medium-voltage grids, e.g., in future electric ships, usually cascaded cells converters need to be employed, whereby either few cells featuring power semiconductors with high blocking voltage capability or a larger number of cells using low-voltage (LV) semiconductors can be used. As shown in this paper, physics-inspired empirical models of the dependence of Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) power modules’ loss-relevant characteristics on the blocking voltage enable an analytic optimization of the efficiency of a cascaded H-bridges (ac-dc) converter, which is complemented by a full efficiency versus power density <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\eta \rho }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Pareto optimization. For a 10-kV grid, 1200V or 1700V are identified as optimum blocking voltages, resulting in a suitable trade-off between efficiency and power density. Significant efficiency and power density gains can be realized by replacing silicon IGBTs by LV silicon carbide (SiC) devices in multi-cell systems, whereas single-cell designs based on high-voltage SiC devices suffer from the high <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${dv/dt}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${di/dt}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> values required to limit switching losses. Reliability is analyzed considering redundancy, showing that the reliability of designs based on lower blocking voltages can be comparable with that of designs using higher blocking voltages, and hence fewer cells, if similar effort concerning additionally installed power capability is considered.
Is Maternal Education Related to Infant Motor Development?

Purpose: Because results of previous studies were inconclusive, our purpose was to examine the relationship between maternal education and infant neuromotor development in infants who are healthy and born at term. Method: Secondary analysis of normative data derived through administration of the Harris Infant Neuromotor Test (HINT) to 412 Canadian infants was conducted. Infants were recruited from community-based infant programs, childcare facilities, and homes in five Canadian provinces. Inclusion criteria included: term birth (38–42 weeks), birth weight ≥2500 g, and no history of major prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal medical complications or maternal complications. Infants encompassed Canadian ethnic diversity as well as equal gender distribution at each of 10 monthly age intervals. Results: The analysis demonstrated that maternal education was only minimally associated with infant neuromotor development as measured by HINT total scores. Conclusions: Our results confirmed other researchers’ findings of no association between maternal education and infant motor development.
Perpetrator Methodology as a Predictor of Traumatic Symptomatology in Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse

This retrospective study explores, through quantitative and qualitative methods, the relationship of two variables (perpetrator relationship and perpetrator methodology) to posttraumatic and dissociative symptomatology. The quantitative sample comprised a nonpsychiatric group (N = 39) of Australian adults reporting sexual abuse histories. A MANOVA revealed that current levels of posttraumatic and dissociative symptomatology were significantly higher in the group reporting sexual abuse by a perpetrator in a relationship of trust, guardianship, or authority. The qualitative sample comprised a purposively selected subgroup of the quantitative sample (n = 20). Thematic content analyses of perpetrator methodology suggest that perpetrator strategies involving emotional manipulation, rather than the perpetrator relationship per se, appear to differentiate between groups with clinical or nonclinical levels of post traumatic and dissociative symptomatology. The combination of qualitative and quantitative methods provides integrated, contextualized data with implications for future research and clinical practice.
Bioaccumulation and toxicity of single‐walled carbon nanotubes to benthic organisms at the base of the marine food chain

As the use of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) increases over time, so does the potential for environmental release. This research aimed to determine the toxicity, bioavailability, and bioaccumulation of SWNTs in marine benthic organisms at the base of the food chain. The toxicity of SWNTs was tested in a whole sediment exposure with the amphipod Ampelisca abdita and the mysid Americamysis bahia. In addition, SWNTs were amended to sediment and/or food matrices to determine their bioavailability and bioaccumulation through these routes in A. abdita, A. bahia, and the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus. No significant mortality to any species via sediment or food matrices was observed at concentrations up to 100 ppm. A novel near‐infrared fluorescence spectroscopic method was utilized to measure and characterize the body burdens of pristine SWNTs in nondepurated and depurated organisms. We did not detect SWNTs in depurated organisms but quantified them in nondepurated A. abdita fed SWNT‐amended algae. After a 28‐d exposure to [14C]SWNT‐amended sediment (100 µg/g) and algae (100 µg/g), [14C]SWNT was detected in depurated and nondepurated L. plumulosus amphipods at 0.50 µg/g and 5.38 µg/g, respectively. The results indicate that SWNTs are bioaccessible to marine benthic organisms but do not appear to accumulate or cause toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1270–1277. © 2013 SETAC
Laser cladding

Laser cladding is a coating process which uses a laser beam to melt the coating material and a thin layer of the substrate to form a low dilution, pore- and crack-free coating, perfectly bonded to the substrate. The process may be used for large area coverage, by overlapping individual tracks, but it is the ability to protect localized ares and the wide range of materials that can be deposited that makes laser cladding particularly appropriate to tailor surface properties to local service requirements, opening new perspectives for surface engineering. Laser cladding has been finding widespread use for the protection of materials against wear, corrosion and oxidation, and for the refurbishing of components and tools. Other applications with considerable potential are materials development and synthesis and free-form near-net shape manufacturing. Examples of recent work will be presented and discussed.
Allergy to ingredients of vehicles

Common ingredients of vehicles such as perfumes, antibacterial agents, emulsifiers and other surface active agents, propytene glycol, lanolin and wool alcohols were tested in eczema patients over a three‐year period. Perfume allergy was detected in 3.6 % of the cases, sensitivity to thiomersal in 2 %, to sorbic acid in 0.8 %, to parabens in only 0.3 %, and to wool alcohols in 1.2%. Reactions to emulsifiers were seen in over 1 % of those tested.
The Brk protein tyrosine kinase as a therapeutic target in cancer: opportunities and challenges

Brk is an intracellular protein tyrosine kinase that is significantly overexpressed in a majority of breast tumors, while being detected at appreciable levels in only a limited range of adult tissues that does not include the mammary gland. It has recently been demonstrated to have a role in promoting the proliferation of carcinoma cells, one that it is unlikely to perform in normal adult cells, and it therefore represents an exciting target for the development of novel cancer therapies based on specifically or selectively interfering with its functions. The strategy of pharmaceutical kinase inhibition is clinically proven and widely pursued in oncology programmes directed at a variety of tumor types. However, a potentially kinase-independent role for Brk in regulating proliferation suggests that alternative approaches, such as inhibiting protein–protein interactions, may prove more successful. Further research into Brk's signaling functions will underpin progress towards turning the potential suggested by these observations into rational drug discovery, from which a large number of patients stand to benefit.
Applying hardware-based machine learning to signature-based network intrusion detection

We present a proof-of-concept of a lightweight and low-power network intrusion detection system (NIDS) using a commercially available neural network chip. Such a system is well-suited to the increasing deployment of low-power devices with ubiquitous internet connectivity. Our proposal makes use of previous work on extracting a feature vector from network packets using a histogram of hashed n-grams. The commercially available CogniMem CM1K device implements a version of the Restricted Coulomb Energy neural network classifier, which was used to classify the resulting feature vectors at high speed and low power. In this paper, we describe our feature extraction technique for network packets and the classification algorithm used by the CM1K chip, and present initial classification results on a fabricated test set. Despite the generality of the RCE algorithm and our ‘plug-in’ approach to the classification task, with no fine-tuning of the hardware to our problem domain, we obtain surprisingly good classification results even on highly imbalanced and restricted training sets.
Response to Comment on: Straznicky et al. Neuroadrenergic Dysfunction Along the Diabetes Continuum: A Comparative Study in Obese Metabolic Syndrome Subjects. Diabetes 2012;61:2506–2516

We wish to thank Dr. Frontoni (1) for her insightful comments regarding the disparate relationship of glucose utilization to two indices of sympathetic nervous system activity—whole-body norepinephrine spillover rate and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), within our cohort of obese metabolic syndrome subjects (2). Both arterial norepinephrine concentration and norepinephrine spillover rate showed a strong inverse relationship with clamp-derived glucose utilization (M/I value, r = −0.47, P = 0.008), whereas MSNA was not significantly associated with glucose utilization. Rather, total MSNA was influenced by the prevailing insulin concentration as indicated by positive associations with fasting C-peptide levels ( r = 0.37, P = 0.04) and insulin area under the curve …
The dynamics of frequency upconversion in Er3+/Yb3+ -codoped PLZT transparent ceramics

The luminescence decay curve from transitions of I13/2→I15/2 in the Er/Yb-codoped PLZT transparent ceramic was measured. A model for the dynamics of frequency upconversion in Er/Yb-codoped PLZT transparent ceramic based on the rate equations was proposed. The dynamics of the upconverted emissions were studied to evaluate energy transfer rates between Er and Yb ions, and the forward energy transfer rate for Yb to Er and the backward transfer rate for Er to Yb were 7.19×10cms and 3.73×10cms, respectively.
Palliative Treatment: What’s the Point?

In the majority of patients with advanced or metastatic cancer, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are not given with curative intent. Eradication of disease is rarely possible, and therefore treatment is palliative in nature. However the side effects of treatment may be distressing and its delivery inconvenient, and it is therefore essential that the patient understands the aims of treatment from the outset. In this way they can make an informed decision about undertaking treatment in the light of what is realistically achievable. The aims of palliative treatment are best expressed as the maximization of quality of life, while attaining the best quantity of life. The exact balance will depend on the patient, their disease, and its treatment. These issues are of cardinal importance to patients and their families, but also to funding bodies and licensing authorities given the economic implications of chemotherapy in the palliative setting.
Deconvolution single shot multibox detector for supermarket commodity detection and classification

This paper proposes an image detection model to detect and classify supermarkets shelves’ commodity. Based on the principle of the features directly affects the accuracy of the final classification, feature maps are performed to combine high level features with bottom level features. Then set some fixed anchors on those feature maps, finally the label and the position of commodity is generated by doing a box regression and classification. In this work, we proposed a model named Deconvolutiuon Single Shot MultiBox Detector, we evaluated the model using 300 images photographed from real supermarket shelves. Followed the same protocol in other recent methods, the results showed that our model outperformed other baseline methods.
Single-molecule imaging of DNA curtains reveals mechanisms of KOPS sequence targeting by the DNA translocase FtsK

FtsK is a hexameric DNA translocase that participates in the final stages of bacterial chromosome segregation. Here we investigate the DNA-binding and translocation activities of FtsK in real time by imaging fluorescently tagged proteins on nanofabricated curtains of DNA. We show that FtsK preferentially loads at 8-bp KOPS (FtsK Orienting Polar Sequences) sites and that loading is enhanced in the presence of ADP. We also demonstrate that FtsK locates KOPS through a mechanism that does not involve extensive 1D diffusion at the scale of our resolution. Upon addition of ATP, KOPS-bound FtsK translocates in the direction dictated by KOPS polarity, and once FtsK has begun translocating it does not rerecognize KOPS from either direction. However, FtsK can abruptly change directions while translocating along DNA independent of KOPS, suggesting that the ability to reorient on DNA does not arise from DNA sequence-specific effects. Taken together, our data support a model in which FtsK locates KOPS through random collisions, preferentially engages KOPS in the ADP-bound state, translocates in the direction dictated by the polar orientation of KOPS, and is incapable of recognizing KOPS while translocating along DNA.
Temporal compressive imaging for video

In many situations, imagers are required to have higher imaging speed, such as gunpowder blasting analysis and observing high-speed biology phenomena. However, measuring high-speed video is a challenge to camera design, especially, in infrared spectrum. In this paper, we reconstruct a high-frame-rate video from compressive video measurements using temporal compressive imaging (TCI) with a temporal compression ratio T=8. This means that, 8 unique high-speed temporal frames will be obtained from a single compressive frame using a reconstruction algorithm. Equivalently, the video frame rates is increased by 8 times. Two methods, two-step iterative shrinkage/threshold (TwIST) algorithm and the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) method, are used for reconstruction. To reduce reconstruction time and memory usage, each frame of size 256×256 is divided into patches of size 8×8. The influence of different coded mask to reconstruction is discussed. The reconstruction qualities using TwIST and GMM are also compared.
Indirect signals from light neutralinos in supersymmetric models without gaugino mass unification

We examine indirect signals produced by neutralino self–annihilations, in the galactic halo or inside celestial bodies, in the frame of an effective MSSM model without gaugino-mass unification at a grand unification scale. We compare our theoretical predictions with current experimental data of gamma–rays and antiprotons in space and of upgoing muons at neutrino telescopes. Results are presented for a wide range of the neutralino mass, though our discussions are focused on light neutralinos. We find that only the antiproton signal is potentially able to set constraints on very low–mass neutralinos, below 20 GeV. The gamma–ray signal, both from the galactic center and from high galactic latitudes, requires significantly steep profiles or substantial clumpiness in order to reach detectable levels. The up-going muon signal is largely below experimental sensitivities for the neutrino flux coming from the Sun; for the flux from the Earth an improvement of about one order of magnitude in experimental sensitivities (with a low energy threshold) can make accessible neutralino masses close to O, Si and Mg nuclei masses, for which resonant capture is operative.
MG160, a membrane protein of the Golgi apparatus which is homologous to a fibroblast growth factor receptor and to a ligand for E-selectin, is found only in the Golgi apparatus and appears early in chicken embryo development.

While over 20 intrinsic proteins of the Golgi apparatus have been identified and sequenced, there is no information on their developmental history, i.e., whether all Golgi proteins are expressed simultaneously or whether there is a hierarchical or stage-specific order of their expression during embryonic development. In this study we have examined the emergence and distribution of MG160 during the development of chicken embryos. MG160 is a conserved membrane sialoglycoprotein of the Golgi apparatus of most cells displaying over 90% amino acid sequence identities with two apparently unrelated molecules, namely CFR, a chicken fibroblast growth factor receptor, and ESL-1, a ligand for E-selectin (Gonatas et al., J. Biol. Chem. 1989, 264, 646-653; Burrus and Olwin, J. Biol. Chem. 1989, 264, 18647-18653; Burrus et al., Mol. Cell Biol. 1992, 12, 5600-5609; Gonatas et al., J. Cell Sci. 108, 457-467; Steegmaier et al., Nature 1995, 373, 615-620). This study was carried out by in situ hybridization, using a 56-mer antisense probe for the chicken homologue of MG160 which differs only by four bases from the corresponding segment of the rat cDNA and by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting using a polyclonal antiserum against MG160. The protein was ubiquitously and exclusively localized in the Golgi apparatus and appeared early in development within the ectoblast and primitive endoblast prior to the formation of the primitive streak. At 2 to 3 days, MG160 was particularly prominent in the notochord, neural tube, somites, and cartilage cells. In organs with central lumens, such as the neural tube, the Golgi apparatus, visualized by immunostaining for MG160, was elongated and it was located at the apical pole of cells. In 6-day-old embryos, the ongoing physiologic degeneration of the notochord was accompanied by fragmentation of the immunostained Golgi apparatus and decreased labeling of the mRNA for MG160. In order to gain information on possible interactions between MG160 and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), the localization of both molecules was studied by immunocytochemistry in 3-day-old chicken embryos. While MG160 was ubiquitous in the Golgi apparatus of all cells and tissues, endogenous bFGF was no detected, while exogenous bFGF bound only to basement membranes. These results indicate that MG160 is a primordial protein of the Golgi apparatus and are consistent with the hypothesis that the binding of MG160 to fibroblast growth factors and E-selectin is not related to the still unknown principal function of MG160 in the Golgi apparatus.
The safety and persistence of non-vitamin-K-antagonist oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation patients treated in a well structured atrial fibrillation clinic

Abstract Aims To examine the long-term persistence and safety of the non-vitamin-K-antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) dabigatran (D), rivaroxaban (R) and apixaban (A) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) treated in the framework of a well structured, nurse-based AF unit for initiation and follow-up of NOAC. Methods Retrospective clinical data were collected for 766 consequent patients from a single cardiology outpatient clinic incorporating the AF unit. Results The follow-up time, median (q1-q3), was 367 days (183–493) for D patients (n = 233), 432 days (255–546) for R patients (n = 282) and 348 days (267–419) for A patients (n = 251). No significant differences were found between the three groups with regard to age, sex, renal function, or CHA2DS2-VASc score. For all bleeding events the incidence rates per 100 patient-years of follow-up (95% confidence interval [CI], p-value) were reported more often for treatment with R (17.2, 12.7–22.8) than for D (7.0, 4.0–11.3, p = 0.001) and A (8.7, 5.2–13.6, p = 0.013). The differences remained significant after adjustment for clinically relevant variables. Discontinuation rates (n = 167) were lower for A (11.5, 7.5–16.8) than for D (30, 23.4–37.9, p < 0.001) and R (23.9, 18.6–30.1, p = 0.001), and were mainly attributed to drug-specific side effects and bleedings. The majority of discontinued patients (n = 142, 85%) proceeded with other types of oral anticoagulants. Limitation The main limitation of the study is the small patient population with a short follow-up time. Conclusion In a retrospective study at a single AF clinic, NOACs showed significantly different bleeding rates and varied discontinuation rates when compared to each other, related mainly to agent-specific side effects and bleedings. The majority of patients that discontinued proceeded with other types of oral anticoagulant.
Better ROC Curves for a Regionally Developed Helicobacter Pylori Antibody Test.

Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 2 155-6 Helicobacter pylori (HP) has been recognized as a risk factor for gastric cancer and seroepidemiological studies have been playing an important role in establishing the association in terms of estimating relative risk. We have previously reported an anti-HP IgG antibody test established in the United States (High-Molecular Weight Campylobacter-AssociatedProtein: HM-CAP; Enteric Products Inc., Westbury, NY)(Evans et al., 1989) to show substantially decreased sensitivity in Japanese (Matsuo et al, 2000). We suggested that undifferentiated misclassification due to the lower sensitivity might cause underestimation of relative risks for gastric cancer (Kleinbaum et al, 1982) and proposed that development of the regionally developed IgG test was essential (Matsuo et al, 2000). Better ROC Curves for a Regionally Developed Helicobacter Pylori Antibody Test
Functional Balance Tests for Children with Traumatic Brain Injury: Within-Session Reliability

Purpose: To assess the within-session reliability of the Modified Functional Reach Test (MFRT) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and children with typical development (TD). Methods: A convenience sample of 24 children with TBI and 24 children with TD matched for age and sex were tested. Following 1 practice trial, 3 trials of the MFRT and TUG were completed and recorded for each child. Results: Within-session reliability for the MFRT was excellent [children with TBI (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC (1,1) = 0.92–0.97), children with TD (ICC (1,1) = 0.94–0.95)]. Within-session reliability for the TUG test was good [children with TBI (ICC (1,1) = 0.86), children with TD (ICC (1,1) = 0.85)]. The average of the first and second trials showed the least measurement error for the TUG test. Conclusion: Within-session reliability values are excellent for the MFRT and good for the TUG test in children with TBI.
稲に散布したフルトラニル，フェノブカルブ，シラフルオフェンおよびブプロフェジンの精米・炊飯における消長

栽培中にフルトラニル，フェノブカルブ，シラフルオフェンおよびブプロフェジンの4農薬を撒布した後に収穫した米，もみ中の残留農薬を分析したところ，残留濃度は表層で高く米の内部にいくに従って減少し，精米工程により，1/3～1/5に減少した．減少率はオクタノール/水分配係数(log Pow)の大きいシラフルオフェン，ブプロフェジンで高く，log Pow値の小さいフェノブカルブやフルトラニルでは米の内部に浸透する傾向が認められた．農薬がぬかに多く分布することから，白米と表面の微細ぬかを除去した無洗米とでは，無洗米の方が低い残留濃度を示し，炊飯による濃度の減衰は，玄米飯に比べて白米飯の方が同等もしくは大きい傾向を示した．