Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Joint distribution of non-HDL and LDL cholesterol and coronary heart disease risk prediction among individuals with and without diabetes.

OBJECTIVE To assess coronary heart disease (CHD) risk within levels of the joint distribution of non-HDL and LDL cholesterol among individuals with and without diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used four publicly available data sets for this pooled post hoc analysis and confined the eligible subjects to white individuals aged > or = 30 years and free of CHD at baseline (12,660 men and 6,721 women). Diabetes status was defined as either "reported by physician-diagnosed and on medication" or having a fasting glucose level > or = 126 mg/dl at the baseline examination. The primary end point was CHD death. Within diabetes categories, risk was assessed based on lipid levels (in mg/dl): non-HDL <130 and LDL <100 (group 1); non-HDL <130 and LDL > or = 100 (group 2); non-HDL > or = 130 and LDL <100 (group 3); and non-HDL > or = 130 and LDL > or = 100 (group 4). Group 1 within those without diabetes was the overall reference group. RESULTS Of the subjects studied, approximately 6% of men and 4% of women were defined as having diabetes. A total of 773 CHD deaths occurred during the average 13 years of follow-up time. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) of CHD death. Those with diabetes had a 200% higher RR than those without diabetes. In a multivariate model, CHD risk in those with diabetes did not increase with increasing LDL, whereas it did increase with increasing non-HDL: RR (95% confidence interval) for group 1: 5.7 (2.0-16.8); group 2: 5.7 (1.6-20.7); group 3: 7.2 (2.6-19.8); and group 4: 7.1 (3.7-13.6). CONCLUSIONS Non-HDL is a stronger predictor of CHD death among those with diabetes than LDL and should be given more consideration in the clinical approach to risk reduction among diabetic patients.
Impaired oral health-related quality of life in Hungary

Abstract Objectives. To describe the prevalence of impaired oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the adult Hungarian population and to determine population-based norms for three Hungarian versions of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-H). Material and methods. In a survey of 1059 randomly selected subjects, OHIP responses, age, gender, and denture status [natural dentition or fixed partial dentures (FPDs), removable partial dentures (RPDs), or complete dentures (CDs)] were collected. Study outcomes were item prevalence and OHIP summary score frequency (‘norms’). Results. The prevalence of OHIP items ranged from 2% to 43%, with a mean item prevalence of 14%. The distribution of summary scores was characterized by decile norms. Median scores for OHIP-H49, the 49-item questionnaire, were 6 OHIP units for subjects with FPDs, 10 OHIP units for subjects with RPDs, and 6 OHIP units for subjects with CDs. The median scores were 0, 0, and 1 OHIP units for the 14-item OHIP-H, and 0, 0, and 0 OHIP units for the five-item OHIP-H. Conclusions. Our sample demonstrates substantial OHRQoL impact in the Hungarian general population. The derived norms provide a framework for interpretation of data in future studies using the Hungarian OHIP versions, as well as data on how oral conditions and cultural factors affect perceived oral health when compared with international findings.
Tinnitus and its relationship with muscle tenderness in patients with headache and facial pain.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine tinnitus prevalence in patients with different types of headache and the relationship between tinnitus and the pericranial muscle tenderness and cervical muscle tenderness scores. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted of 1251 patients with migraine and/or myogenous pain, arthrogenous temporomandibular joint disorders and tension-type headache. Standardised palpation of the pericranial and cervical muscles was carried out and univariable and multivariable analysis was used to measure the odds ratio of suffering tinnitus by the different diagnoses and muscular tenderness grade. RESULTS A univariable analysis showed that myogenous pain, pericranial muscle tenderness and cervical muscle tenderness scores, sex, and age were associated with tinnitus. When a multivariable model including only age, sex and a headache diagnosis was used, myogenous pain, migraine and age were found to be associated with tinnitus. When muscle tenderness scores were also included, only the cervical muscle tenderness and pericranial muscle tenderness scores were found to be significantly associated with tinnitus. CONCLUSION In a population of patients with headache and craniofacial pain, tinnitus was related to increased cervical muscle tenderness and pericranial muscle tenderness scores, rather than to any particular form of headache.
Real-time feedback in the singing studio: an innovatory action-research project using new voice technology

The article reports on a one-year AHRB-funded Innovations project that was designed to evaluate the usefulness, or otherwise, of the application of real-time visual feedback technology in the singing studio. The basis for the research was a multi-disciplinary approach that drew on voice science and acoustics, the psychology of singing and voice education. Participants were based in two different singing studios, one in the north of England and the other in the south. They catered for two different adult singer client groups ranging from skilled amateur to advanced professional. An action-research methodology was adopted in which the two participant singing teachers and their adult students were seen as co-researchers in the research activity. The resultant research data consisted of research diaries, observations and interviews, supplemented by multimedia recordings (audio and video) of actual singing behaviours over time. Data analyses indicate that new technology can impact positively on teacher behaviours and student experiences by providing more meaningful feedback through an enriched pedagogy. This offers the possibility of expanding the professional knowledge and skill base of both groups.
Multiuser MIMO downlink precoder design based on the maximal SJNR criterion

In this paper, we aim to design a set of linear transmitter preceding vectors for the downlink of multiuser MIMO system, using the maximal signal to jamming and noise ratio (SJNR) criterion for each user, subject to a transmit power constraint. Unlike some conventional methods, the proposed scheme does not impose any restrictions on system configuration, i.e., the number of antennas at the transmitter and receivers. Furthermore, this new algorithm can mitigate the co-channel interference (CCI) and noise at the same time. Both analysis and simulation results have shown the superiority of the proposed method over conventional transmit precoders
What Chern–Simons theory assigns to a point

Significance There are two main classes of 3D topological field theories: Turaev–Viro theories, associated to fusion categories, and Reshetikhin–Turaev theories, associated to modular tensor categories. Since the groundbreaking work by Lurie on the cobordism hypothesis, it has been a major open question to know which topological field theories (TFTs) extend down to points. Turaev–Viro theories can be extended down to points. But for most Reshetikhin–Turaev theories, including Chern–Simons theories, this was believed to be impossible (unless one puts them on the boundary of a 4D TFT). The present paper achieves two things: It shows that Reshetikhin–Turaev theories extend down to points, and it puts Turaev–Viro theories and Reshetikhin–Turaev theories on an equal footing by providing a unified language, bicommutant categories, that applies to both. We answer the questions, “What does Chern–Simons theory assign to a point? ” and “What kind of mathematical object does Chern–Simons theory assign to a point? ” Our answer to the first question is representations of the based loop group. More precisely, we identify a certain class of projective unitary representations of the based loop group 𝛀G. We define the fusion product of such representations, and we prove that, modulo certain conjectures, the Drinfel’d center of that representation category of 𝛀G is equivalent to the category of positive energy representations of the free loop group LG. † The abovementioned conjectures are known to hold when the gauge group is abelian or of type A1. Our answer to the second question is bicommutant categories. The latter are higher categorical analogs of von Neumann algebras: They are tensor categories that are equivalent to their bicommutant inside Bim(R), the category of bimodules over a hyperfinite 𝐼𝐼𝐼1 factor. We prove that, modulo certain conjectures, the category of representations of the based loop group is a bicommutant category. The relevant conjectures are known to hold when the gauge group is abelian or of type An.
Antibiotics Improve Survival and Alter the Inflammatory Profile in a Murine Model of Sepsis From Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pneumonia

Differing antibiotic regimens can influence both survival and the inflammatory state in sepsis. We investigated whether the addition and/or type of antimicrobial agent could effect mortality in a murine model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia-induced sepsis and if antibiotics altered systemic levels of cytokines. FVB/N mice were subjected to intratracheal injection of pathogenic bacteria and were given gentamicin, imipenem, or 0.9% NaCl 2 h after surgery, which continued every 12 h for a total of six doses. Survival at 7 days (n = 24 in each group) was 100% for mice given gentamicin, 88% for mice given imipenem, and 8% for sham mice treated with 0.9% NaCl (P < 0.0001). Systemic interleukin (IL) 6 levels were assayed 6 h postoperatively on all mice to see if they were predictive of outcome. Plasma IL-6 levels above 3600 pg/mL were associated with a 100% mortality, levels under 1200 pg/mL were associated with a 100% survival, and levels between 1200 and 3600 pg/mL had no utility in predicting mortality. In a separate experiment, mice were sacrificed at 3, 6, 12 or 24 h after instillation of P. aeruginosa and were assayed for levels of TNF-&agr;, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12. Significant alterations in the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-&agr; and IL-6 were present at all time points except 3 h between mice treated with antibiotics and sham controls. In contrast, statistically significant differences in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were present between the groups only at 6 h, and levels of IL-12 were similar at all time points. These results indicate that both gentamicin and imipenem increase survival at least 10-fold in a model of pneumonia-induced monomicrobial sepsis, and this is predominantly associated with a down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines.
Discriminative value of platelet size indices for the identification of the mechanism of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia

Context: A biomarker for discriminating mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) (i.e. increased platelet destruction and decreased platelet production) would be valuable in managing treatment. Objective: We explored the discriminating value of platelet size indices for this purpose in a population of adult oncology patients. Materials and methods: Mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were compared between patients with (i) thrombocytopenia possibly due to increased platelet destruction; (ii) thrombocytopenia possibly due to decreased platelet destruction; and (iii) no thrombocytopenia. Results and conclusions: We obtained negative results, suggesting that these indices are not useful for discriminating different CIT mechanisms.
REACTIONS OF HUMAN SUBJECTS TO THE INJECTION OF PURIFIED TYPE SPECIFIC PNEUMOCOCCUS POLYSACCHARIDES.

By subjecting pneumococcus filtrates to ultrafiltration followed by repeated fractional precipitation with alcohol, Wadsworth and Brown (1) have obtained good yields of type-specific and species-specific polysaccharides in a relatively high state of purification. This report deals with the local reactions and the type-specific antibody response of non-pneumonic human subjects to injections of specific polysaccharides of Types I, IV, V, VII, and XIV pneumococci prepared by this method.
'A Hebrew from Samaria, not a Jew from Yavneh': Adya Gur Horon (1907-1972) and the articulation of Hebrew nationalism

This study analyses the intellectual output of Adya Gur Horon (Adolphe Gourevitch, 1907-1972), a Ukrainian-born, Russian-speaking, French-educated ideologue of modern Hebrew nationalism, and one of the founding fathers of the anti-Zionist ideology known as "Canaanism", whose heyday was mid 20th-century Israel. The dissertation's starting point is that if the "Canaanites" (otherwise the Young Hebrews) declared themselves to be above all a national movement independent of, and opposed to, Zionism, they should be analysed as such. In treating "Canaanite" support for the existence of an indigenous Hebrew nation in Palestine/Israel as equally legitimate as the Zionist defence of the Jews' national character (both ultimately constituting "imagined communities"), this work comes to the conclusion that the movement should indeed be classified as a fully-fledged alternative to Zionism; not a radical variation of the latter, but rather a rival national ideology.My chief assertion is that the key to a proper understanding of "Canaanism" is Horon's unique vision of the ancient Hebrew past, which constitutes the "Canaanite" foundational myth that stands in sharp contradiction to its Zionist counterpart. Furthermore, I demonstrate that Zionism and "Canaanism" are incompatible not only because they differ over history, but also because some of the basic socio-political notions they employ, such as national identity or nation-formation, are discordant. A methodology such as this has never before been applied to the "Canaanite" ideology, since most of those who have studied the movement treat "Canaanism" either as an artistic avant-garde or as a fringe variation of Zionism.This study demonstrates that, despite being sidelined by most researchers of "Canaanism", Adya Horon is beyond doubt the leading figure of the "Canaanite" movement. I believe that only by giving due weight to the divergence in national historiographies between "Canaanism" and Zionism can we grasp the former's independence from the latter, both intellectually and politically, without negating "Canaanism's" complex relationship with Zionism and the sometimes significant overlaps between the two. The dissertation makes systematic use of many newly discovered materials, including Horon's writings from the early 1930s to the early 1970s (some of them extremely rare), as well as his private archive. My study thus sits at the intersection of three fields of academic enquiry: nationalism studies; language-based area studies; and historiographical discourse analysis.
Interspecies differences in the cardiac negative inotropic effects of beta(3)-adrenoceptor agonists.

The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of three preferential (BRL 37344, SR 58611, CL 316 243) and a partial (CGP 12177) beta-adrenoceptor (beta(3)-AR) agonists on the contractility of ventricular strips sampled from various mammalian species including humans. In the human heart, all beta(3)-AR agonists tested decreased contractility by 40 to 60% below control with an order of potency: BRL 37344 > CL 316 243 = SR 58611 >> CGP 12177. In the dog, the negative inotropic effects produced by beta(3)-AR stimulation were less pronounced than in humans, approximately 30% below control. The order of potency of beta(3)-AR agonists was CGP 12177 > BRL 37344 = SR 58611 >> CL 316 243; i.e., very different from that observed in humans. In rat, only BRL 37344 was efficient to decrease contractility. In guinea pig, only CL 316 243 significantly reduced peak tension. In both species, the reduction in peak tension did not exceed 20 to 30%. Finally, in the ferret, none of the agonists tested induced a negative inotropic effect. In dog, the negative inotropic effects of CGP 12177 were not modified by nadolol, but were abolished by bupranolol, a beta(1-3)-AR. beta(3)-AR transcripts were detected in the dog but not in the rat ventricle by using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. We conclude that cardiac negative inotropic effects related to beta(3)-AR agonist stimulation vary markedly depending on the species. A comparable interspecies variation previously has been reported concerning the lipolytic effects of beta(3)-AR agonist stimulation. Our study demonstrates that the pharmacological profile of a beta(3)-AR agonist on the human myocardium cannot be extrapolated from usual animal models.
Self-esteem, mood, and self-evaluation: changes in mood and the way you see you.

Three studies found that self-esteem moderates the relation between mood and self-evaluation. In Study 1, a standard mood-induction procedure was used to induce positive, negative, or neutral moods in low self-esteem (LSE) Ss and high self-esteem Ss. Afterward, Ss evaluated their specific qualities and characteristics (e.g., How smart are you? How kind are you? ). Both self-esteem groups evaluated themselves favorably in a positive mood, but LSE Ss were more apt to lower their self-evaluations in a negative mood. Study 2 found a similar, though weaker pattern using a noncognitive, musical mood induction; Study 3 found that these effects occur with variations in naturally occurring mood over a 6-week period. The authors suggest that the tendency for LSE people to respond to negative moods with self-depreciation contributes to psychological distress.
Destination image and tourism: A case study of Bangladesh

The role of destination image, during the destination selection process, is of great significance. Most of the destination image researches have been aimed at western destinations; research on low profile destinations like Bangladesh has been limited. This study addressed this gap by attempting an in-depth understanding of Bangladesh image as a tourist destination worldwide, on the basis of primary data collected from European and Asian respondents residing in UK. The research revealed a current situation of very low image of Bangladesh, which appeared distorted and highly negative among most respondents. This report further aid in understanding that destination image is formed through a consistent information circulation between the destination and the tourists’ home country. A proper communication of the brand has great impact on the formation of a positive image and the success of a destination. Keywords: Bangladesh tourism, image study, ecotourism, enclave tourism
Impedance Resonance: A Novel Technique for Signal Acquisition From Interdigitated Electrodes (IDE) in Sensor Applications

A simple and useful modification to the common method of acquiring the impedance spectrum of modified interdigitated electrodes consists of including an appropriately sized induction coil connected in parallel with the interdigitated electrode (IDE). The resulting impedance behavior of the IDE/coil combination transforms the customary Bode plot of total impedance versus frequency data from a broad, complex curve to a simple resonance peak which can serve as the basis for a sensor output signal. The exact frequency and amplitude of the impedance resonance peak are a function of both the fixed induction characteristics of the coil and the experiment-dependant capacitance of the modified IDE. Quantifiable changes in the impedance resonance peak have been correlated with experimental parameters such as the electrical characteristics of polymer coatings on the IDE array leads, exposure of the IDE to aqueous solutions of varying composition, and molecular mobility factors in curable polymer resins.
Phe208 and Ile199 in Human Monoamine Oxidase A and B Do Not Determine Substrate and Inhibitor Specificities as in Rat

Abstract: It has been reported previously that reciprocally switching Phe208 and Ile199 in rat monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B, respectively, was sufficient to switch their substrate and inhibitor preferences. In this study, the same mutants were made in the human forms of MAO. When compared with MAO A, MAO A‐F208I showed a sixfold decrease in the specificity constant kcat/Km for both the MAO A‐ and the MAO B‐preferring substrates 5‐hydroxytryptamine and β‐phenylethylamine, respectively. The reciprocal point mutant MAO B‐I199F had no effect on substrate affinity. To investigate if the region neighboring these two residues is responsible for conferring preferences, we have also made chimeric constructs by reciprocally switching the corresponding amino acid segments 159‐214 in MAO A and 150‐205 in MAO B. Chimerics MAO AB159‐214A and MAO BA150‐205B had small changes in Km and IC50 values when compared with MAO A and B, respectively, but did not exhibit a preference switch. The results suggest that Phe208 in MAO A and amino acid segments 159‐214 and 150‐205 in MAO A and B, respectively, influence the enzyme active site. However, substrate and inhibitor preferences of human MAO A and B are not determined by the respective residues Phe108 and Ile199 as in rat MAO nor by their neighboring regions.
A Note on Disbelief in Others regarding Backward Induction

We present experimental results on the role of beliefs in the cognitive ability of others in a problem involving backward induction. Using a modified version of the so-called race game, our design allows the effects of a player’s own inability to perform backward induction to be separated from the effects of her disbelief in the ability of others to do so. We find that behavior is responsive to the dependence on others who might fail in backward induction as well as information regarding their backward induction skills.
Multicell Switched-Inductor/Switched-Capacitor Combined Active-Network Converters

High step-up voltage gain dc/dc converters are widely used in renewable energy power generation, uninterruptible power system, etc. In order to avoid the influence of leakage inductor in coupled inductors based converters, switched-inductor boost converter (SL-boost), switched-capacitor boost converter (SC-boost) and active-network converter (ANC) have been developed. With the transition in series and parallel connection of the inductors and capacitors, high step-up voltage conversion ratio can be achieved. This paper discusses the characteristics of the switched inductor and switched-capacitor cell; makes some comparisons between the ANC and boost converter. Based on the aforementioned analysis, this paper proposed the multicell switched-inductor/ switched-capacitor combined active network converters (MSL/SC-ANC). The proposed converters combine the advantages of SL/SC unit and active-network structure. Compared with previous high step-up converters, the novel converter provides a higher voltage conversion ratio with a lower voltage/current stress on the power devices, moreover, the structure of proposed SL/SC-ANC is very flexible, which means the quantity of SL and SC cells can be adjusted according to required voltage gain. A 20 times gain prototype is designed as an example to show the design procedure. Theoretical analysis and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the feature of the proposed converter.