Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the bulge–halo conspiracy – II. Towards explaining its puzzling dependence on redshift

We carry out a systematic investigation of the total mass density profile of massive (log M-star/M-circle dot similar to 11.5) early-type galaxies and its dependence on redshift, specifically in the range 0 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 1. We start from a large sample of Sloan Digital Sky Survey early-type galaxies with stellar masses and effective radii measured assuming two different profiles, de Vaucouleurs and Sersic. We assign dark matter haloes to galaxies via abundance matching relations with standard Lambda CDM profiles and concentrations. We then compute the total, mass-weighted density slope at the effective radius gamma', and study its redshift dependence at fixed stellar mass. We find that a necessary condition to induce an increasingly flatter gamma' at higher redshifts, as suggested by current strong lensing data, is to allow the intrinsic stellar profile of massive galaxies to be Sersic and the input Sersic index n to vary with redshift as n(z) alpha (1 + z)(delta), with delta less than or similar to -1. This conclusion holds irrespective of the input M-star-M-halo relation, the assumed stellar initial mass function (IMF), or even the chosen level of adiabatic contraction in the model. Secondary contributors to the observed redshift evolution of gamma' may come from an increased contribution at higher redshifts of adiabatic contraction and/or bottom-light stellar IMFs. The strong lensing selection effects we have simulated seem not to contribute to this effect. A steadily increasing Sersic index with cosmic time is supported by independent observations, though it is not yet clear whether cosmological hierarchical models (e.g. mergers) are capable of reproducing such a fast and sharp evolution.
The Under-Reporting of Property Crime: A Microeconometric Analysis ¤

In this paper we use data from the 1994 and 1996 British Crime Surveys (BCS) to examine the in‡uence of socio-economic factors on the reporting of crime. Through probit estimation, we …nd that the probability of a burglary being reported is signi…cantly reduced if the individual is currently unemployed or has been engaged in illicit activity over the past year. We also …nd that, as anticipated, the reporting likelihood is much increased if the incident involves a positively valued loss. Using decomposition techniques, we also show that this result is
Corn Masa and Tortillas from Extruded Instant Corn Flour Containing Hydrocolloids and Lime

Extruded instant corn flour (EICF) samples with hydrocolloids (gums), such as gum arabic, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), guar and xanthan and with different concentrations of lime (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% w/w) were prepared by extrusion. The gums were added before or after thermal processing. The dehydration process followed through the weight loss (WL) in masa, the physicochemical (water absorption capacity (WAC) and WL during cooking) characteristics of masa were optimized to give longer dehydration times and tortillas with good textural (rollability, tensile strength and cutting force) properties. The lowest effective moisture diffusion coefficient (D * ) was found in masa samples containing 0.2 % (w/w) of lime and 0.5 % (w/w) of the xanthan gum added before extrusion. These masas produce tortillas with optimum textural characteristics and highest yields.
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome: Experience in a Belgian university hospital and review of the literature

Introduction: The Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKHS) is rare in Europe. Bilateral panuveitis is the defining characteristic, but the disease can affect other tissues containing melanin, such as the inner ear, the meninges, and the skin. Therefore, patients may present not only to ophthalmologists, but also to internists, dermatologists, ENT-physicians and neurologists. Early and aggressive immunosuppressive treatment is necessary in order to prevent permanent visual loss or systemic complications. Objective: We retrospectively studied 12 patients diagnosed and treated in a specialized uveitis clinic in Leuven (Belgium) between 2005 and 2013, and we compared our data with literature. Results: The most common extra-ocular manifestations were neurological, with headache (100%) and lymphocytic meningitis (75%) as main findings. Tinnitus was present in 50%, and vertigo in 42%. Vitiligo was the most frequent dermatological manifestation and present in 42%. Uveitis recurred in 67% of patients with 1 to 4 relapses per patient and a median time to recurrence of 6 months (range 1-11). Normal visual acuity was seen in 75% of patients at the end of follow-up (5 to 60 months), but 3 patients had at least some degree of permanent visual impairment in at least one eye. Conclusion: VKHS is a rare, multisystem disorder, characterized by bilateral uveitis and variable neurologic, auditory and skin symptoms. A lumbar puncture increases the diagnostic yield. A fast diagnosis allows timely initiation of adequate therapy, and If treated correctly, VKHS has a favorable prognosis. It is unclear if initial intravenous therapy improves frequency and time to remission.
Investing in the Presence of Massive Flows: The Case of MSCI Country Reclassifications

Almost $10 trillion is benchmarked to MSCI’s developed, emerging, frontier, and standalone market indexes. Reclassifications from one index to another require thousands of investors to decide how to react. We study a comprehensive sample of past reclassifications to inform this decision. On average, reclassified markets’ prices substantially overshoot between the announcement date and the effective date—prices fall when a market moves from an index with more benchmarked ownership to one with less (such as from emerging to frontier) and vice versa—but largely revert within a year. We identify alpha-maximizing responses to reclassifications for both benchmarked and more flexible investors. Disclosure: The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research or Acadian Asset Management. The views expressed herein should not be considered investment advice and do not constitute or form part of any offer to issue or sell, or any solicitation of an offer to subscribe or to purchase, shares, units, or other interests in any particular investments. Editor’s Note This article was externally reviewed using our double-blind peer-review process. When the article was accepted for publication, the authors thanked the reviewers in their acknowledgments. Andrew L. Berkin and Joanne M. Hill were the reviewers for this article. Submitted 17 January 2017 Accepted 20 August 2017 by Stephen J. Brown
Chlorophyll and carotenoid quantifications in white grape ( Vitis vinifera L.) skins by reflectance spectroscopy

In white grapes, chlorophylls and carotenoids play important roles in berry color and environmental interactions (e.g. radiative stresses). In this paper, easy, fast and low cost non-invasive reflectance methods have been tested and developed. Previously published indexes showed good performances for chlorophyll quantifications. However, in this work, new formulas able to discriminate chlorophylls a and b were also proposed. The wavelengths of major interest for the absorption detection were identified. Formulas based on the Gaussians half heights were proposed. In general, chlorophyll quantifications were obtained directly from reflectance spectra, while carotenoid absorption bands did not allow good reflectance correlations. However, the chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio (due to the pigments physiological linked roles) could be used to estimate carotenoid concentration. Their proportion changes during berry development, thus the index coefficients should be adapted in relation to the BBCH phenological phase. The obtained indexes demonstrated good correlations with the destructive quantifications. These methods could support further researches concerning cultivar classification and physiological studies
Simulation of Traditional Composites Under Thermal Loads

Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) has continuous variation of material properties from one surface to another. The gradation of properties in an FGM reduces the thermal stresses, residual stresses, and stress concentrations found in traditional composites. This paper will explore analysis of FGM flat plates under pressure i.e. thermal loading in order to understand the effect variation of material properties has on structural response. Theoretical formulation of various material properties is done using Rule of mixtures. The plate is then modeled and subjected to specific boundary conditions after which thermal analysis is carried out. The convergence studies with respect to varying mesh and layers are carried out in order to obtain accurate results. When subjected to thermal loads, the displacements and stresses vary with different metal/ ceramic proportions, in addition to this; deflection also varies greatly through the thickness. the variation of the same parameters with changing volume fraction of ceramic is also understood. Results are compared to published results in order to show the accuracy of modeling FGMs using ANSYS software.
Circular polarisation: a new probe of dark matter and neutrinos in the sky

The study of anomalous electromagnetic emission in the sky is the basis of indirect searches for dark matter. It is also a powerful tool to constrain the radiative decay of active neutrinos. Until now, quantitative analyses have focused on the flux and energy spectrum of such an emission; polarisation has never been considered. Here we show that we could be missing out on an essential piece of information. The radiative decay of neutrinos, as well as the interactions of dark matter and neutrinos with Standard Model particles can generate a circular polarisation signal in X-rays or γ-rays. If observed, this could reveal important information about their spatial distribution and particle-antiparticle ratio, and could even reveal the nature of the high-energy particle physics processes taking place in astrophysical sites. The question of the observability of these polarised signatures and their separation from background astrophysical sources is left for future work.
NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF A FREE INCOMPRESSIBLE ISOTHERMAL TURBULENT COAXIAL JET

In the present study the free incompressible isothermal turbulent coaxial jet problem is numerically solved, and compared with experimental measurements for different velocity ratio between the inner and the outer streams of the jet. The radial profile of the axial mean velocity was obtained with hot anemometry at different axial positions. Governing equations (mass conservation, momentum, turbulence model) were discretized employing the finite volume method with a segregated solver. The analysis of the experimental results showed that coaxial jet flow
Inflation model selection meets dark radiation

We investigate how inflation model selection is affected by the presence of additional free-streaming relativistic degrees of freedom, i.e. dark radiation. We perform a full Bayesian analysis of both inflation parameters and cosmological parameters taking reheating into account self-consistently. We compute the Bayesian evidence for a few representative inflation scenarios in both the standard ΛCDM model and an extension including dark radiation parametrised by its effective number of relativistic species Neff. Using a minimal dataset (Planck low-ℓ polarisation, temperature power spectrum and lensing reconstruction), we find that the observational status of most inflationary models is unchanged. The exceptions are potentials such as power-law inflation that predict large values for the scalar spectral index that can only be realised when Neff is allowed to vary. Adding baryon acoustic oscillations data and the B-mode data from BICEP2/Keck makes power-law inflation disfavoured, while adding local measurements of the Hubble constant H0 makes power-law inflation slightly favoured compared to the best single-field plateau potentials. This illustrates how the dark radiation solution to the H0 tension would have deep consequences for inflation model selection.
Macroeconomic instability and contagion in Latin America ( 1 )

In this paper I deal with a number of issues related to macroeconomic instability in Latin America. I first discuss some of the most important policy issues faced by the Latin American nations. These include the effectiveness of controls on capital inflows, contagion from external crises, the effect of exchange rate depreciation on output, the international transmission of the business cycle. Second, I argue that the economic research agenda on Latin America should not ignore history. In Latin America, more so than in any other region in the world, there has been a self-destructing tendency for repeating historical.
Diazepam dose-dependently Aggravates Mucosal Damage in a Rat Model of Ulcerative Colitis

BACKGROUND: Psychiatric co-morbidities, such as anxiety, are common in patients with chronic gut disorders, including those with overt inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Among the available pharmacological options, anxiolytics such as benzodiazepines (BZDs) are considered to be effective drugs; however, no sufficient data are available about their direct effect on gut mucosal impairment. OBJECTIVES: The present work was designed to examine the effect of different doses of diazepam on a rat model of ulcerative colitis. METHODS: Three doses of diazepam were assessed comparatively in an experimental model of ulcerative colitis. Thirty six male albino rats were divided into 5 groups, each consisting of 6 animals; Group I: Sham operated group, Group II: ulcerative colitis was induced with 1 ml 5 % acetic acid by intracolonic instillation without treatment. Groups III, IV&V: diazepam 1, 3 or 6 mg/kg respectively, was administered i.p. for two days with and after inducing ulcerative colitis. Group VI: Vehicle treated group received polyethylene glycol i.p. Distal colon segment was evaluated both macroscopically and microscopically for the degree of damage. The inflammatory response was assessed by measurement of colonic myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, as well as fecal lactoferrin and calprotectin levels. RESULTS: Rats with induced colitis showed macroscopic & microscopic signs of inflammation; this was associated with a significant increase in TNF-α, MPO as well as fecal lactoferrin and calprotectin contents. In a dose-dependent manner, diazepam administration, at the 3 dose levels, exacerbated the damage produced by acetic acid, this was revealed by gross inspection, as well as histologically and biochemically. CONCLUSIONS: Accordingly, the current study displayed that diazepam has deleterious effects when administrated to colitic rats.
International Fiscal Policy Coordination and GDP Comovement

Economic shocks often permeate borders generating comovement in nations’ business cycles over time. We highlight the fact that fiscal policy coordination is an important avenue by which national economies become more integrated, influencing the transmission of macroeconomic shocks between countries. We find that changes in fiscal policy coordination - as measured by the signing of a bilateral tax treaty - increase business cycle comovement by 1/2 a standard deviation. This magnitude is one-and-a-half times larger than the effect of trade linkages, and is in sharp contrast to currency union membership, which has a near zero and statistically insignificant effect on business cycle comovement. We also find that new bilateral tax treaties increase comovement in shocks to nations’ GDP trends, demonstrating the permanent effects of fiscal policy coordination.
Revealing the Work Cost of Generalized Thermal Baths

We derive the work cost of using generalized thermal baths from the physical equivalence of quantum mechanics under unitary transformations. We demonstrate our method by considering a qubit extracting work from a single bath to amplify a cavity field. There, we find that only half of the work investment is converted into useful output, the rest being wasted as heat. These findings establish the method as a promising tool for studying quantum resources within the framework of classical thermodynamics.
Allerjik Rinit Hastalarımızda Alerji Testleri

Giris: Alerjik Rinit (AR) cesitli semptomlarla gorulen (bogazda veya burunda kasinti ve hapsirma) mevsimsel ya da yil boyu olabilen, yaygin bir hastaliktir. Alerjik rinit tanisi ayrintili anamnez, fizik muayene ve laboratuar testleriyle konulmaktadir. Laboratuarda alerji deri testi, serum total IgE, serum spesifik IgE duzeyi, nazal salgilarin incelenmesi taniya yardimcidir. Yontem: Calismamizda AR tanili 52 hasta dosyalari taranarak kan eozinofil sayilari ve yuzdeleri, alerji deri testi sonuclari ve serum alerji spesifik IgE degerleri incelendi. Ayni yas ve cinsiyette kronik hastaligi olmayan saglikli 55 kontrol hastasinin ise sadece kan eozinofil sayilari ve yuzdeleri incelendi. Bulgular: AR tanili 22 (%42,3) hastada eozinofili bulundu. AR ve Kontrol Gruplarinin kan eozinofil yuzdesi degerlerinin karsilastirilmasi sonucu (p=0.009) istatistiksel olarak anlamli bulundu. AR tanili hastalar kendi icinde kiyaslandiginda 10 hastada serum alerjen spesifik IgE pozitifligi, 10 hastada alerjen ile deri testinde pozitiflik bulundu. Alerji deri testi ve/veya serum spesifik IgE pozitifligi birlikte degerlendirildiginde 18 (%34,6) hastada pozitiflik bulundu. Sonuc: Calismamizin sonucunda eozinofili varligi AR tanisinda alerji testinden daha ustun bulunmustur.
Interchange instability of the plasma disk in Jupiter's middle magnetosphere and its relation to the radial plasma density distribution

We analyse the interchange or flute instability of the equatorial plasma disk in Jupiter's middle magnetosphere. Particular attention is paid to wave coupling between the dense plasma in the equatorial disk and the more rarefied plasma at higher latitudes, and between the latter plasma and the conducting ionosphere at the feet of the field lines. It is assumed that the flute perturbations are of small spatial scale in the azimuthal direction, such that a local Cartesian approximation may be employed, in which the effect of the centrifugal acceleration associated with plasma rotation is represented by an "external" force in the "radial" direction, perpendicular to the plasma flow. For such small-scale perturbations the ionosphere can also be treated as a perfect electrical conductor, and the condition is determined under which this approximation holds. We then examine the condition under which flute perturbations are at the threshold of instability, and use this to determine the corresponding limiting radial density gradient within the plasma disk. We find that when the density of the high-latitude plasma is sufficiently low compared with that of the disk, such that coupling to the ionosphere is not important, the limiting radial density profile within the disk follows that of the equatorial magnetic field strength as expected. However, as the density of the high-latitude plasma increases toward that of the equatorial disk, the limiting density profile in the disk falls increasingly steeply compared with that of the magnetic field, due to the increased stabilising effect of the ionospheric interaction. An initial examination of Galileo plasma density and magnetic field profiles, specifically for orbit G08, indicates that the latter effect is indeed operative inside radial distances of ~20 R J . At larger distances, however, additional density smoothing effects appear to be important.
Expression of Cowpea Mosaic Virus M RNA in Cowpea Protoplasts

Summary Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) M RNA is translated in vitro into two polyproteins of M r values 105000 (105K) and 95K. Using antiserum against the small capsid protein VP23, these proteins have now been detected in cowpea protoplasts, a few hours after inoculation with CPMV. These proteins could also be detected at later stages of infection, but only when proteolytic processing was inhibited by the addition of ZnCl2. Using antiserum against a synthetic peptide, corresponding to a part of the overlapping C-terminal ends of the 58K and 48K proteins, the 58K protein, which is the amino-terminal cleavage product of the 105K protein, was found in the cytoplasmic fraction of infected protoplasts. The 48K protein, derived from the 95K protein, was detected in both the cytoplasmic and membrane fractions of protoplasts. The presence of the 105K, 95K, 58K and 48K proteins in CPMV-infected protoplasts indicates that separate initiation codons on the M RNA are used in vivo to produce the 105K and 95K polyproteins, as demonstrated in vitro.
SUMMARY OF COTR EFFECTS

Coherent Transition Radiation in the visible regime (COTR) has become a serious issue for FEL-Linacs disturbing the measurement of beam profiles by OTR screens up to a level where this diagnostics becomes totally impossible. In this paper we summarize the measured COTR effects from LCLS, FLASH and other machines and the investigations done so far into the dependence of the effect on beam and machine parameters. The status of the theoretical background and understanding of its origin will be discussed as well as proposals and experiences with possible remedies.
Apoptosis Caspase-Mediated p 65 Cleavage Promotes TRAIL-Induced Updated

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is cytotoxic to a wide variety of transformed cells, but not to most normal cells, implying potential therapeutic value against advanced cancer. However, signal transduction in TRAIL-mediated apoptosis is not clearly understood compared with other TNF family members. Specifically, it is not yet understood how TRAIL controls nuclear factor KB (NF-KB) activation and overcomes its antiapoptotic effect. We explored the regulation of NF-KB activity by TRAIL and its role in apoptosis. TRAIL combined with IKBA-‘‘superrepressor’’ induced potent apoptosis of SKHep1 hepatoma cells at low concentrations of TRAIL that do not independently induce apoptosis. Apoptosis by high concentrations of TRAIL was not affected by IKBA-superrepressor. Although TRAIL alone did not induce NF-KB activity, TRAIL combined with z-VAD significantly increased NF-KB activation. Analysis of the NF-KB activation pathway indicated that TRAIL unexpectedly induced cleavage of p65 at Asp, which was blocked by z-VAD, accounting for all of these findings. p65 expression abrogated apoptosis and increased NF-KB activity in TRAIL-treated cells. Cleavage-resistant p65 further increased NF-KB activity in TRAIL-treated cells, whereas the COOH-terminal p65 fragment acted as a dominant-negative inhibitor. XIAP levels were increased by TRAIL in combination with z-VAD, whereas XIAP levels were decreased by TRAIL alone. Cleavage of p65 was also detected after FRO thyroid cancer cells were treated with TRAIL. These results suggest that TRAIL induces NF-KB activation, but simultaneously abrogates NF-KB activation by cleaving p65, and thereby inhibits the induction of antiapoptotic proteins such as XIAP, which contributes to the strong apoptotic activity of TRAIL compared with other TNF family members. (Cancer Res 2005; 65(14): 6111-9)