Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk of breast cancer among female airline cabin attendants

Editor—We agree with Wartenberg and Stapleton that dicophane (DDT) is one of the possible aetiological factors for breast cancer in female airline cabin attendants.1 Two other factors (exposure to cosmic radiation and recall bias) also merit attention. We are not told how the cases and controls were selected or matched in their survey. The exposure data should be only data up to the date of diagnosis for flight attendants in whom breast cancer was diagnosed (cases) and data up to the date of pseudo-diagnosis for controls (the date on which the breast cancer was diagnosed in the cases). The cabin attendants with breast cancer would have stopped flying because of illness, and controls would have continued to fly; this would distort the measurement of exposure to cosmic radiation. Moreover, the cabin attendants with breast cancer would probably have had fewer flights in the year before the diagnosis owing to the undiagnosed breast cancer. Ideally, exposure should be measured until the year before diagnosis to avoid this bias. The breast is the organ most sensitive to radiation carcinogenesis in postpubertal women,2 and hence cosmic radiation cannot be ruled out as a potential factor in the aetiology of breast cancer. A cohort study of Canadian air pilots showed an increased risk of acute myeloid leukaemia, the type of leukaemia induced by exposure to radiation (standardised incidence ratio 4.72 (90% confidence interval 2.05 to 9.31)). 3 Recall bias needs to be considered in any study in which exposure is measured after a disease has been diagnosed or an event has occurred.4 In the case of exposure to DDT, recall bias could have led to the non-significant increase in risk that Wartenberg and Stapleton found. Because of the strong link between pesticides and cancers, flight attendants with breast cancer would have been more likely than controls to recall pesticide spray. It is always important to verify the records, if they are available, to measure their agreement with reported exposure in a proportion of cases and controls. Although the point estimate for exposure to DDT that Wartenberg and Stapleton report is high (odds ratio 2.2), the wide confidence interval (0.4 to 10.9) suggests that recall bias could account for the observed odds ratio. We agree with the authors’ suggestion that large studies will be the way forward to determine the role of DDT in breast cancer among airline attendants. These studies should also explore the joint effect of DDT and cosmic radiation.
Mapping an island in the landscape

We provide a complete classification and statistical analysis of all type IIA orientifold compactifications with intersecting D6-branes on the orbifold T /Z6. The total number of four dimensional N=1 supersymmetric models is found to be O(1023). After a statistical analysis of the gauge sector properties of all possible solutions, we study three subsets of configurations which contain the chiral matter sector of the standard model, a Pati-Salam or SU(5) GUT model, respectively. We find O(1015) compactifications with an MSSM and O(1011) models with a Pati-Salam sector. Along the way we derive an explicit algebraic formulation for the computation of the non-chiral matter spectrum for all ZN orbifolds.
Early last glacial intra-interstadial climate variability recorded in a 1 Sardinian speleothem 2 3

1 Sardinian speleothem 2 3 Andrea Columbua*, Russell Drysdalea,b, Emilie Capronc,d, Jon Woodheade, Jo 4 De Waelef, Laura Sannag, John Hellstrome, Petra Bajoa 5 6 a School of Geography, University of Melbourne, 221 Bouverie street, 3010, 7 Melbourne, Australia acolumbu@student.unimelb.edu.au 8 andrea.columbu@libero.it rnd@unimelb.edu.au p.bajo@student.unimelb.edu.au 9 b Laboratoire EDYTEM, UMR CNRS 5204, Universite deSavoie Mont Blanc, 73376 10 Le Bourget du Lac cedex, France 11 c Center for Ice and Climate, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 12 Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark 13 d British Antarctic Survey, High Cross Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK 14 capron@nbi.ku. dk 15 e School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Corner Swanston & Elgin 16 streets, 3010, Melbourne, Australia jdwood@unimelb.edu.au 17 j.hellstrom@unimelb.edu.au 18 f Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of 19 Bologna, Via Zamboni 67, 40127 Bologna, Italy jo.dewaele@unibo.it 20 g Institute of Biometeorology, National Research Council, Traversa la Crucca 3, 21 07100 Li Punti, Italy speleokikers@tiscali.it 22 *Corresponding author 23 24
The effect of flowable composite lining thickness with various curing techniques on microleakage in class II composite restorations: an in vitro study.

AIM Aim of this study was to compare class II composite restoration using flowable composites as lining with various thickness and curing techniques by evaluating cervical marginal microleakage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty intact molars, each prepared with two box-only class II cavities, were randomly divided into five groups: Group I, P60 filling alone; group II, ultrathin flowable composite lining (0.5-1mm) cocured with overlying composite; group III, thin lining (1-1.5) cocured with overlying composite; group IV, ultrathin lining (0.5-1 mm) precured and group V, thin lining (1-1.5) precured. The teeth were then thermocycled for 1500 cycles (between 5 and 60 °C) and immersed in dye for 24 hours. Cervical microleakage was measured as the extent of dye penetration. RESULTS Cocured specimens (groups II and III) showed least microleakage and control specimens (group I) showed maximum microleakage. On comparison of curing techniques, cocured specimens (groups II and III) showed less microleakage than precured (groups IV and V). On comparison of lining thickness and type of curing, group IV showed less microleakage than group V. Groups II and III were statistically not significant. CONCLUSION It was concluded from the results that ultrathin cocured flowable composite lining specimens improved the marginal sealing with decreased microleakage. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this study, the application of additional flowable composite lining with various thicknesses presented different influences in marginal quality of class II box only composite restorations. A new technique applying an ultrathin flowable composite lining with cocuring technique improved the marginal sealing with decreased microleakage. Restorations with thin lining presented reduced marginal integrity after thermocycling.
Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy: Clinical and Histologic Prognostic Features and Treatment Patterns over Time at a Tertiary Referral Center

Background: Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (i-MN) is a leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults and results in end-stage renal disease in approximately one third of patients. There are few large, long-term US studies evaluating clinical and histologic prognostic factors in i-MN. Methods: We describe 132 patients with biopsy-proven i-MN who were followed for a mean period of 68 months at our tertiary referral center from 1977 to 2009, and we analyzed clinical and histologic features that predicted renal outcomes. Results: The presence of hypertension and treating physician’s decision to institute immunosuppression were negative predictors of attaining complete or partial remission. Among clinical variables, impaired renal function (eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2) at time of presentation was the only variable at presentation associated with an increased risk of reaching end-stage renal disease. The use of statins and RAAS blockers were protective. The choice of corticosteroids as the initial immunosuppressive agent by referring physicians decreased over time but even in the most recent era (2000–2008) was significant (33%). Conclusion: Renal function at presentation and non-white race were the main predictors of a worse renal outcome. Corticosteroid therapy is still being adopted as first-line therapy in a significant number of patients in this era. The development of guidelines may help clarify the treatment strategies of i-MN.
Relevance of vascular peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator‐1α to molecular alterations in atherosclerosis

• What is the central question of this study? Does PGC‐1α play a key role in vascular alterations induced by cholesterol+coconut oil diet in rabbits? • What is the main finding and its importance? Vascular expression of PGC‐1α, SIRT1 and PPARγ were reduced in atherosclerotic rabbits. Furthermore, PGC‐1α correlated with processes involved in atherosclerosis (endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation). Reduction of PGC‐1α seems to play an important role in the molecular alterations during the development of atherosclerosis.
Campora: A Young Genetic Isolate in South Italy

Genetic isolates have been successfully used in the study of complex traits, mainly because due to their features, they allow a reduction in the complexity of the genetic models underlying the trait. The aim of the present study is to describe the population of Campora, a village in the South of Italy, highlighting its properties of a genetic isolate. Both historical evidence and multi-locus genetic data (genomic and mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms) have been taken into account in the analyses. The extension of linkage disequilibrium (LD) regions has been evaluated on autosomes and on a region of the X chromosome. We defined a study sample population on the basis of the genealogy and exogamy data. We found in this population a few different mitochondrial and Y chromosome haplotypes and we ascertained that, similarly to other isolated populations, in Campora LD extends over wider region compared to large and genetically heterogeneous populations. These findings indicate a conspicuous genetic homogeneity in the genome. Finally, we found evidence for a recent population bottleneck that we propose to interpret as a demographic crisis determined by the plague of the 17th century. Overall our findings demonstrate that Campora displays the genetic characteristics of a young isolate.
The Formation of Beliefs: Evidence from the Allocation of Land Titles to Squatters

We study the formation of beliefs in a squatter settlement in the outskirts of Buenos Aires exploiting a natural experiment that induced an allocation of property rights that is exogenous to the characteristics of the squatters. There are significant differences in the beliefs that squatters with and without land titles declare to hold. Lucky squatters who end up with legal titles report beliefs closer to those that favor the workings of a free market. Examples include materialist and individualist beliefs (such as the belief that money is important for happiness or the belief that one can be successful without the support of a large group). The effects appear large. The value of a (generated) index of "market" beliefs is 20 percent higher for titled squatters than for untitled squatters, in spite of leading otherwise similar lives. Moreover, the effect is sufficiently large so as to make the beliefs of the squatters with legal titles broadly comparable to those of the general Buenos Aires population, in spite of the large differences in the lives they lead.
Chapter 11 Psychometric Assessment of Internet Gaming Disorder in Neuroimaging Studies : A Systematic Review

Abstract Background: Little attention has been paid to research on Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) using neuroimaging techniques even though this type of research is of key importance for the formal recognition of IGD as an independent disorder. Aims: The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of some of the methodological and assessment characteristics in neuroimaging studies that have been published from May 2013 to January 2016 and that have assessed IGD whilst also having used a neuroimaging technique to gather neurobiological evidence of this potential disorder. Methods: Systematic electronic searches using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were conducted on ProQuest (in the following scholarly databases: ProQuest Psychology Journals, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, and ERIC) and on MEDLINE to identify potential eligible studies. Results: A total of 853 studies were screened and after a careful systematic selection process, 14 studies were found to meet the inclusion criteria. Based on the findings, it was concluded that research on IGD using neuroimaging techniques is on the rise. Additionally, this systematic review offers ten practical recommendations to authors based on the methodological and assessment shortcomings of extant empirical studies on IGD using neuroimaging techniques. Conclusions: It is envisaged that the results of this study will help improve the overall quality of research on IGD using neuroimaging techniques.
Input-output characteristics of the lateral-line sense organs of Xenopus laevis.

In the toad Xenopus laevis, the lateral line system may be considered as a single organ, containing about 30 000 hair cells, which is used to detect moving objects. It is organized in groups of neuromasts, called stitches, which are directionally sensitive to water velocity. Each stitch is innervated by two large (∼8 μ) myelinated fibers. Electrophysiological recordings made from the nerve to a piece of skin in vitro show that these two fibers are spontaneously active and are sensitive to water velocities in opposite directions. The spontaneous activity in one fiber may have a slight positive correlation with the spontaneous activity in the other. This indicates that the origin of the spontaneous activity should not be Brownian motion of the cupula. Its origin is probably in the portion of the nerve between the hair cells and the start of myelination. Interval histograms of spontaneous activity show an exponential tail for long intervals and few small intervals. There is a characteristic absence of interv.
When does lip protrusion start in Standard Austrian German? An acoustic investigation.

CV, V1CV2- and V1#CV2-sequences of reading material of six speakers of Standard Austrian German have been analysed. V1 was a pre-palatal, constricted vowel /i/ in unstressed position. C was an alveolar consonant. V2 was either a pre-palatal, constricted vowel /i/, or a back, rounded vowel /u, o/ in a stressed position. F1, F2, F3, and VOT measurements were performed. Lip protrusion starts at consonant release and may affect the transconsonantal vowel, as long as V1 and C are not separated by a word boundary.
A comparative study on the quality of learning experience between traditional campus and online distance learning at a Masters level

A COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY OF THE QUALITY OF LEARNING EXPERIENCE BETWEEN TRADITIONAL CAMPUS AND ON-LINE DISTANCE LEARNING AT A MASTERS LEVEL. This study compares the quality of learning experiences of traditional campus students to those of distance on-line students studying at a Masters level. Using an adapted version of “The theory of on-line learning quality” five dimensions of interaction were compared to determine if there was a significant statistical difference between both learning methods. The study took place within a Masters level program, in Linnaeus University, Sweden. The five dimensions of interaction included in the study are InstructorLearner, Learner-Learner, Learner-Content, Learner-Interface, and Social Interaction. Using these dimensions of interaction to determine the quality of learning experience a questionnaire survey was designed for the students enrolled in the program. Answers to the survey questions used a Likert-scale schema for responses. A Mann-Whitney U-Test was performed on the response results. The results of the study found that there was little statistical difference between the quality of learning experience of traditional campus students to that of on-line distance students. The two survey questions which did show a statistical difference were related to the Instructor-Learner and Social dimensions of interaction. In a dual learning program of this type recommendations are made to include a teaching assistant with responsibilities for monitoring on-line participation during live lectures.
Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Mechanisms of Neuroprotection by Ursolic Acid: Addressing Brain Injury, Cerebral Ischemia, Cognition Deficit, Anxiety, and Depression

Ursolic acid (UA) is a pentacyclic triterpene which is found in common herbs and medicinal plants that are reputed for a variety of pharmacological effects. Both as an active principle of these plants and as a nutraceutical ingredient, the pharmacology of UA in the CNS and other organs and systems has been extensively reported in recent years. In this communication, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory axis of UA's pharmacology is appraised for its therapeutic potential in some common CNS disorders. Classic examples include the traumatic brain injury (TBI), cerebral ischemia, cognition deficit, anxiety, and depression. The pharmacological efficacy for UA is demonstrated through the therapeutic principle of one drug → multitargets → one/many disease(s). Both specific enzymes and receptor targets along with diverse pharmacological effects associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory signalling are scrutinised.
Emotional Intelligence Skills of Academic Nursing Faculty Members and the Presence of Uncivil Workplace Behaviors

Background: Emotional intelligence and incivility have been a searing topic of research. Dynamic work activities are important and performances of incivility are leading to deductive work relationships, especially when trust disclosure between colleagues maintained. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between emotional intelligence skills of academic nursing faculty members and the presence of uncivil workplace behaviors at the Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University. Research design: Descriptive correlational design. Setting: This study was carried out at all academic departments at the faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University. Subjects: They included 163 faculty members. Tools: Included: Tool 1: Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire. Tool 2: Uncivil Workplace Behaviors Questionnaire. Results: the highest mean percent score of the academic nursing faculty members' emotional intelligence skills was related to other emotions appraisal (OEA) followed by Self-emotions appraisal (SEA) while, the lowest mean percent score was related to Regulation of emotion (ROE) , the highest mean percent score of the academic nursing faculty members' uncivil workplace behaviors was related to Gossiping, while the lowest mean percent score was related to Privacy invasion Conclusion: Results of the study showed that faculty members' emotional intelligence skills were significantly inversely correlated with the presence of uncivil workplace behaviors. Recommendations: Emotional intelligence training programs are highly recommended to beutilizedas a proactive incivility strategy in the work climate, throughmaintaining a respect and civility culture among the academic staff members.
Effect of mannitol on the pharmacokinetics of amikacin in wistar rats

O estudo analisa o efeito do manitol na farmacocinetica (PK) da amicacina . Ratos adultos Wistar foram tratadas da seguinte maneira: o grupo 1 (G1) recebeu manitol durante tres dias. Ao grupo 2 (G2) se administrou manitol e 10 mg/kg de amicacina, ao mesmo tempo. Finalmente, o grupo 3 (G3) recebeu somente amicacina. No quarto dia se realizou o estudo de PK nos tres grupos. Para isso, foram retiradas amostras de sangue, em tempos pre-determinados, durante 24 horas, que foram analisadas por metodos imunoenzimaticos. Os resultados mostraram diferencas significativas (p < 0.05) entre os grupos. Po exemplo, os valores obtidos de Cmax foram 62.26 ± 15.75 µg/ml para G1, 72.63 ± 24.80 µg/ml para G2 e 68.61 ± 27.40 µg/ml para o Grupo 3. A AUC foi tambem diferente entre os tres grupos: a maior para G2, com, 222.52 ± 47.30 µg/ml/h, e a menor para G1, com um valor de 135.59 ± 39.00 µg/ml/h. A alteracao dos parametros de PK entre os grupos debe ser considerada quando se administram os dois farmacos simultaneamente. No entanto, e necessario realizar estudos em seres humanos para confirmar os nossos resultados.
Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: A diagnostic pitfall in aspiration cytology

Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EH) is a rare vascular neoplasm. An accurate radiologic diagnosis is usually difficult due to the presence of multiple nodules, simulating metastatic carcinoma. Though histologic features of this tumor are well described, cytologic reports of hepatic EH are very few in the available literature. We describe a case of a young healthy adult male who was found to have multiple hepatic masses on radiologic investigations. A guided fine needle aspiration demonstrated a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The diagnosis was made on core biopsy assisted by immunohistochemistry, which showed characteristic features of EH. He is doing well 14 months after diagnosis, without surgical excision or chemotherapy. An accurate diagnosis of hepatic EH on aspiration cytology requires an adequate specimen and awareness of its cytologic features, including discohesive atypical cells with intracytoplasmic lumina and intranuclear inclusions. Since this tumor is usually unresectable but has a favorable prognosis as compared to hepatocellular carcinoma, a correct diagnosis is essential for appropriate management and prognostication.
Sequence Stratigraphic Approach for Identification of Hydrocarbon Plays in Mahanadi Offshore Basin

Exploratory wells drilled so far in the offshore part of Mahanadi basin primarily targeted the Eocene carbonates, which did not yield success. However, based on the recently acquired data, it is believed that the basin has good potential for discovering hydrocarbons in the Oligo-Miocene and Pliocene sequences, primarily in the stratigraphic traps. For this the understanding of the plays in the sequence stratigraphic framework has been immensely useful. Sequence Stratigraphic Approach for Identification of Hydrocarbon Plays in Mahanadi Offshore Basin