Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perspectives on Learning

Learning as a socially situated activity involves an interplay between group and personal perspectives. Knowledge is constructed within nested perspectives that reflect social practices, shared meanings, and individual understandings. Educational software to support collaborative learning can represent these perspectives for learners to help them reflect on their own perspectives and negotiate group perspectives on knowledge. By providing different views on a shared and growing knowledge base, perspective-based software distinguishes different people’s ideas to make clear each person’s perspective on common topics. Individuals work on their own ideas, share them, and propose them for group adoption. The convergence needed for successful collaborative learning emerges from a process of negotiation in which divergent positions are distinguished and discussed. Students using the software have a representation for thinking about learning perspectives, a mechanism for organizing their own perspectives in relation to those of their classmates, and a tool for mediating formative involvements in collaboration, research, and negotiation. “Learning Perspectives” proposes perspectives on learning as a social, linguistic, and perspectival process. It introduces a software mechanism for representing and organizing group and personal knowledge to scaffold learners’ learning about perspectives. Then it illustrates the use of perspectives for learning in project-based classrooms.
Chemical Composition and Lipid Fraction Characteristics of Aleppo Pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) Seeds Cultivated in Tunisia

The proximate composition of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) seeds cultivated in Bizerta (Tunisia) were investigated for their fatty acid composition, and their thermal and physical properties of lipid fraction. The proximate analysis of pine seeds showed the following composition (on a dry-weight basis): protein 22.7%, oil 43.3%, ash 8.3% and total carbohydrate 25.7%. Potassium, magnesium and calcium were the predominant mineral elements present in the seeds and reached, together, about 1%. Oleic and linoleic acids were the major unsaturated fatty acids (27.3 and 48.8%, respectively), while the main saturated one was palmitic acid (8.75%). Myristic, myristoleic, palmitoleic, margaric, margaroleic, stearic, linolenic, arachidic, eicosenoic, eicosadienoic, eicosatrienoic, behenic and lignoceric acids were also detected. Thermal profile of Pinus halepensis Mill. seed oil, determined by its DSC melting curve, showed that the entire liquefaction of the Aleppo pine seed oil occurs at 8°C. CieLab colour parameters (L*, a*, b*), oxidative stability by Rancimat test and viscosity were also determined. Physico-chemical properties of the oil include: saponification number 190, peroxide value 3.18, iodine index 117, and a low acidity of 0.61%. Results suggested that the production of oil from Pinus halepensis seeds could provide a potential use in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and other non-food industries.
TRADING ETHICS FOR POSSESSIONS

Is there a correlation between consumers’ levels of materialism and their ethical values and ultimately their behavior? Little research has been performed surrounding consumers’ ethics and the correlation of consumer materialism levels. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether there exists a correlation between ethics and the level of materialism in Generation X, utilizing Muncy and Vitell’s consumer ethics and Richins and Dawson’s materialism scales of measurement. The results coincide with the original study of Muncy and Eastman’s convenience sample in that Generation X rendered a negative correlation between materialism and consumer ethics.
Distributed Programming with MapReduce

THIS CHAPTER DESCRIBES THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MAPREDUCE, a programming system for large-scale data processing problems. MapReduce was developed as a way of simplifying the development of large-scale computations at Google. MapReduce programs are automatically parallelized and executed on a large cluster of commodity machines. The runtime system takes care of the details of partitioning the input data, scheduling the program’s execution across a set of machines, handling machine failures, and managing the required intermachine communication. This allows programmers without any experience with parallel and distributed systems to easily utilize the resources of a large distributed system.
Acoustic detection of dugong using automatic underwater sound monitoring systems : AUSOMS-D

Dugongs are the only marine mammals that feed on benthic seagrass. They are found in warm shallow waters of tropical to sub-tropical areas. Many of the dugong populations are close to extinction. Effective protection measures are needed for this species, but the dugongs are one of the most difficult animals to observe in the wild. We have attempted to establish a new methodology to record the presence of dugongs by a passive acoustic monitoring technique. In March, 2004, ten sets of automatic underwater sound monitoring systems for dugong - AUSOMS-D - were deployed on the seafloor in the southern part of the Talibong Island, Trang, Thailand. The underwater sound was recorded in stereo for 5 consecutive days. An acoustical filter was developed to detect the dugong calls automatically out of the background noise. The receiver operating characteristics has been evaluated. False alarm and correct detection rates of the system were 2.9 % and 39.1 %, respectively. The false detection rate was low enough to perform a scientific study on the dugong but the correct detection rate should be improved. The reason for the low correct detection rate appeared to be due to the low signal-to-noise ratio. For calibration purpose, artificially composed dugong calls were transmitted in the water from a research vessel. The GPS position and the acoustically calculated position were compared. The average error of the positioning of the sound source by AUSOMS-D was less than 20 m.
INFLUENCE OF GLUCOSAMINE ON GLOMERULAR MESEANGIAL CELL 3 TURNOVER: IMPLICATIONS FOR HYPERGLYCEMIA AND HEXOSAMINE PATHWAY

22 Cells exposed to high glucose may undergo hypertrophy, proliferation, and apoptosis, but 23 the role of hexosamine flux in mediating these effects has not been fully elucidated. Accordingly, 24 we studied the effects of glucose and glucosamine on rat glomerular mesangial cells (MC) 25 turnover. In comparison with physiologic glucose (5.6mM), treatment with high glucose (25mM) 26 for 24 hours stimulated MC proliferation, an effect that was mimicked by exposure to low 27 concentrations of glucosamine (0.05mM). The percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle 28 was reduced with a concomitant increase of the number of cells in G2/M phase. Proliferating cell 29 nuclear antigen (PCNA), phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (phospho-mTOR 30 [ser2448]) and total regulatory associated protein of mTOR (Raptor) were increased by high 31 glucose and glucosamine treatment. Inhibition of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 32 (GFAT), the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine flux, with 6-diazo-5-oxonorleucine (DON, 33 10μM) and of mTOR with rapamycin both attenuated glucose-mediated MC proliferation. Higher 34 glucosamine concentrations (0.25mM to 10mM) caused MC apoptosis after 48 hours and, in 35 addition, GFAT overexpression also increased MC apoptosis (TUNEL-positive cells: 3.8±0.3 % 36 versus 1.1±0.2% for empty vector; p<0.001). Hence, hexosamine flux is an important determinant 37 of MC proliferation and apoptosis. The proliferative response to high glucose and hexosamine flux 38 is rapamycin-sensitive, suggesting that this effect is associated with signaling through rapamycin39 sensitive mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1). 40 41 42
An orthothecid hyolith with a digestive tract from the early Cambrian of Bornholm, Denmark

Abstract The hyolith assemblage from the early Cambrian of Bornholm, Denmark, shows a higher diversity than contemporary assemblages in Baltoscandia. The most common species in the Green Shales (Læså Formation, Norretorp Member, Cambrian Stage 3), is Hyolithes [=Hyolithus] (Orthotheca) johnstrupi Holm, 1893. A specimen of this species shows a well-preserved and almost complete digestive tract, folded into an approximately 22 mm long chevron-like structure comprised of at least 20 arcuate loops on the ventral side and a flattened, gently sinuous to straight anal tube on the dorsal side. The thin, phosphatic outer shell layer of the conch is crushed under the digestive tract due to compaction while the digestive tract is preserved in three dimensions and appears undisturbed. The shape of the digestive tract is similar to that of the middle Cambrian Guduguwan hardmani (Etheridge) from Australia and the lower Cambrian specimens from Russia described by Meškova & Sysoev. The Danish specimen is probably an adult, lending support to the idea that the orthothecid digestive tract becomes more complex during ontogeny. Hyolithus (Orthotheca) johnstrupi is revised and here referred to Circotheca Sysoev, 1958.
Understanding systems that are designed to support human cognition

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Please address correspondence to lewis@humanmachinesystems.org Rethinking Interaction: From Instrumental Interactions to Human-Computer Partnerships at CHI’18, April 21–26, 2018, Montreal, Canada. Copyright © is held by authors. Abstract The prevalence of automation and user-adaptive systems has created a demand for human-machine interfaces that are designed to be aware and sensitive to the cognitive states of the user. We argue that the unitary concept of mental workload is insufficient in capturing the benefits that computing systems can deliver to their users. More specifically, we demonstrate with examples from our own research how to target more specific and robustly defined cognitive processes, with the use of non-obtrusive methods such as gaze-tracking, electroencephalography, and physiological measurements. Our examples, particularly in the evaluation of auditory notification design and in situ displays, will demonstrate that it is advantageous to target specific cognitive processes and mechanisms in accordance to the design purpose of a given interface, within the constraints of contemporary models of psychology and neuroscience.
Awareness of Hypertension Among Rural Kavreli Male Adults of Nepal

Background: Hypertension (HTN) attributes to the highest risk of deaths from cardiovascular disease and epidemiological data provide convincing evidence that the risk of cardiovascular disease related to blood pressure is accelerating day by day. It has become an epidemic in Nepal. There are many complications that occur due to uncontrolled hypertension. The outcome of hypertension depends mainly on the patientâ€™s self-management like health-related behavior, which is based on his or her knowledge. Awareness of hypertension is still inadequate among the rural Nepalese population. Aims and Objective: To find the prevalence and awareness regarding hypertension including the risk factors, symptoms, complications, management among the male adults in the Kavreli population of Nepal. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional community-based study conducted in the Kharelthowk VDC of kavre district. A structured questionnaire was used, and 600 male adults were assessed on their knowledge regarding the awareness of hypertension. BP was measured by the Auscultatory method of all the participants. Result: Out of 600 male adults, 318 (53%) had a history of hypertension and 6% (36) new cases of hypertension were discovered in this study. There was a significant difference observed in the knowledge of hypertension among the hypertensives with respect to kidney failure (p < 0.013), symptoms like chest pain and shortness of breath (p < 0.043) and Blurring of vision (p < 0.009). Conclusion: The study subjects had low awareness regarding hypertension and associated risk factors. Proper awareness campaign on HTN should be carried out which will definitely help to raise public knowledge in prevention of the disease and complications.
The Influence of Early Efficacy Beliefs on Teams' Reactions to Failing to Reach Performance Goals

Although a considerable amount of theoretical and empirical attention has been devoted to understanding individuals' responses to goal–performance discrepancies (GPDs), little attention has been devoted to examining how teams respond to GPDs. The present research sought to examine how teams responded to negative GPDs. We predicted that failing to reach higher goals would be perceived as less negative than failing to reach lower goals, and we examined the moderating influence of setting higher versus lower goals on how teams responded to performance that fell short of those goals. We also examined the role that efficacy beliefs that were formed early in those teams played in further explaining these effects. Results from 94 teams who all failed to reach self-set goals revealed that teams that failed to reach higher goals downwardly revised their goals less than teams that failed to reach lower goals. Early efficacy beliefs further explained these effects. High efficacy beliefs lessened the negative effects of failing to reach lower goals on subsequent goals. High efficacy beliefs also lessened the negative effects of failing to reach higher goals while low efficacy beliefs strengthened the negative effects of failing to reach higher goals. The implications of these findings for theory, research, and practice are discussed.
Poles of certain residual eisenstein series of classical groups

We study the location of possible poles of a family of residual Eisenstein series on classical groups. Special types of residues of those Eisenstein series were used as key ingredients in the automorphic descent constructions of Ginzburg, Rallis and Soudry and in the refined constructions of Ginzburg, Jiang and Soudry. We study the conditions for the existence of other possible poles of those Eisenstein series and determine the possible Arthur parameters for the residual representations if they exist. Further properties of those residual representations and their applications to automorphic constructions will be considered in our future work.
Neutron Scattering and Polarization by Ferromagnetic Materials

angular correlations and the structure of the correlation function. Secondly, the use of Eq. (8) is simpler than the use of the formulas and tables previously published, as the expansion in powers of the cosines of the angles is not the natural one, and makes formulas and tables much more complicated than necessary. For the use of Eq. (8) it is sufhcient to tabulate separately the values of cI„(I. I.') for the different kinds of radiations, and the values of W(j Lj I.'; j~k), which are independent of the kind of radiations, and to combine them according to necessity. "Tables of this kind are being prepared for publication. " The author wishes to express his gratitude to Professor J. R. Oppenheimer for the generous hospitality in the stimulating atmosphere of the Institute for Advanced Study, and to Professor M. Fierz who suggested that he deal with this problem.
Laboratory chamber measurements of the longwave extinction spectra and complex refractive indices of African and Asian mineral dusts

In this study we present the first results from laboratory chamber experiments newly designed to investigate the longwave optical properties of mineral dust. Extinction spectra in the 2–16 µm range have been measured in situ (T = 293 K, RH < 2%) for polydispersed pure dust aerosols generated from natural parent soils from Tunisia, Niger, and the Gobi desert. Data are used in combination with particle size distributions to estimate the complex refractive index of each dust sample. Our results show that the magnitude and spectral dependence of the dust extinction and refractive indices differ according to particle mineralogy, suggesting the necessity for regionally resolved optical properties for modeling dust radiative effects in the longwave. The magnitude of extinction is controlled by the particle size distribution and remains significant down to low coarse particle concentrations, indicating that the longwave effect of mineral dust persists throughout long‐range transport and is thus relevant at the global scale.
Inequalities for finite group permutation modules

If f is a nonzero complex-valued function defined on a finite abelian group A and f is its Fourier transform, then | supp(f)∥supp(f)| ≥ |A|, where supp(f) and supp(f) are the supports of f and f. In this paper we generalize this known result in several directions. In particular, we prove an analogous inequality where the abelian group A is replaced by a transitive right G-set, where G is an arbitrary finite group. We obtain stronger inequalities when the G-set is primitive, and we determine the primitive groups for which equality holds. We also explore connections between inequalities of this type and a result of Chebotarev on complex roots of unity, and we thereby obtain a new proof of Chebotarev's theorem.
Influence of antibiotics on embryogenic tissue and Agrobacterium tumefaciens suppression in soybean genetic transformation

The influence of different antibiotic treatments in soybean genetic transformation was evaluated. First, an assay was performed to verify how different antibiotic treatments affect soybean embryogenic tissues. The effect of carbenicillin at 500 mg L -1 was genotype-dependent. This antibiotic did not affect embryo survival of cv. IAS5, but a three-fold increase of embryo proliferation was observed for cv. Bragg, when compared to the control. On the other hand, cefotaxime at 350 and 500 mg L -1 caused death of embryogenic tissues of both cultivars. Finally, the association of cefotaxime (250 mg L -1 ) + vancomycin (250 mg L -1 ) did not affect negatively the somatic embryos of tested cultivars until 63 days of treatment. Thereafter, a second experiment was carried out to determine the efficacy of different antibiotic treatments in suppressing LBA4404 Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain in genetic transformation. On tissue culture conditions, carbenicillin at 500 and 1000 mg L -1 was not active against Agrobacterium. On the other hand, treatments with cefotaxime at 350 and 500 mg L -1 , and cefotaxime + vancomycin efficiently suppressed Agrobacterium during 49 days. Data of both experiments suggested cefotaxime + vancomycin for 49-63 days as the most appropriate treatment. This is the first work reporting the effect of antibiotics on soybean tissues. By identifying an antibiotic combination that suppressed A. tumefaciens with minimal phytotoxic effects, we are able to recommend it for improvement of soybean Agrobacterium-mediated transformation procedure.
Coffee Production in Kavre and Lalitpur Districts, Nepal

Coffee (Coffea spp) is an important and emerging cash crop having potential to provide farmers employment and income generation opportunities. This crop is well adapted to the climatic conditions of mid-hills of Nepal. Thus, majority of the farmers are attracted towards cultivation of coffee because of demands in national and International market. Coffee is now becoming integral part of farming system in rural areas. However, information on performance of coffee and farmers response has not been well documented. Therefore, we undertook the present work to analyze demography, ethnicity, household occupation, literacy status, average land holding, coffee cultivation area, livelihood and sources of income of coffee growers, production and productivity, pricing, cropping pattern of the coffee and problesm faced by them in mid hill district of Kavrepalanchowk (hereafter ‘Kavre') and Lalitpur Districts. All the samples were taken randomly and selected from coffee producing cooperative of Kavre and Lalitpur. Our analysis showed that the male farmer dominant over female on adopting coffee cultivation in both districts with higher value in Kavre. Brahmin and Chetri ethnic communities were in majority over others in adopting the coffee cultivation. Literate farmers were more dominant over illiterates on adopting the coffee cultivation, The mean land holding was less, ranging from 0.15 to 2.30 ha for coffee cultivation, the history of coffee cultivation in Kavre showed that highest number of farmers were engaged in coffee farming from last 16 years. The mean yield of fresh cherry was 1027.20 kg/ha in Kavre, while it was 1849.36 kg/ha in Lalitpur. The study revealed that majority of the coffee plantations were between 6-10 years old. The major problems facing by coffee farmers were diseases spread, lack of irrigation facility and drying of plants. Despite of that the coffee farming was one of the rapidly emerging occupations among the farmers in both district of Nepal.
A Comparison of Dependence across Different Types of Nicotine Containing Products and Coffee

Introduction: Few studies have compared the dependence to different tobacco and nicotine products. Even less is known about how it relates to dependence on other common drugs, e.g., caffeine. In this study degree of dependence was compared between snus, cigarettes, nicotine replacement (NR), electronic cigarettes and coffee. Methods: A random sample of Swedish citizens belonging to an internet panel were contacted from September to October 2017. The responders were asked among other related things about their use of snus, NR, traditional cigarette or e-cigarette use and coffee consumption. The indicators of dependence used were: (A) the Heavy Smoking Index, (B) The proportions that used within 30 min after raising in the morning, (C) rating the first use in the morning as the most important and (D) Stating that it would be very hard to give up entirely. Results: Significantly fewer coffee drinkers started use within 30 min of awakening compared with all other products. The first use of the day was found to be more important for snus users compared with other products. On HSI there was no difference between snus and cigarettes. Snus and cigarettes were rated as being more difficult to give up than NR and coffee. Conclusion: Dependence to traditional cigarettes and snus seem to be relatively similar while NR was rated lower and coffee lowest. Since the prevalence of caffeine use in all forms is so much more prevalent than nicotine there might be more persons in the society heavily dependent on caffeine. Implication: Tobacco products are likely more dependence forming than NR products and coffee although there might be more people dependent on caffeine. The addiction to coffee or caffeine is seldom discussed in the society probably because of the little or no harm it causes. Funding: The Snus Commission in Sweden (snuskommissionen) funded the data collection. No funding used for the analysis and writing of manuscript.
Renewable Energy and Negative Externalities: The Effect of Wind Turbines on House Prices

In many countries, wind turbines are constructed as part of a strategy to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. In this paper, we measure the external effect of wind turbines on the transaction prices of nearby houses. A unique house price dataset covering the period 1985-2011 is used, including the exact location of all wind turbines built in the Netherlands. We find that house prices within a two kilometer radius of a turbine, after it has been constructed, decrease by about 1.4 to 2.3 percent on average. We find anticipation effects up to three years in advance of the construction of a wind turbine. We provide further evidence that the external costs of a wind turbine are at least 10 percent of its construction cost.