Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation of the minimum signal for reliable operation of DRAM sense amplifiers

Discusses the measurement of the minimum sense signal necessary for proper operation of the dynamic RAM (DRAM) sense amplifier. The minimum sense signal has been investigated experimentally by using a test structure that is basically a modified cross-coupled sense amplifier with 16-Mb DRAM feature sizes. Measured 5 sigma values of 27 mV correspond to variation in gate length, whereas 10 mV is found for bit-line capacitance asymmetries. The way that the minimum sense signal is affected by the different trigger-pulse slopes was investigated. A simple but illustrative analysis of the effect of device mismatches is developed and the measured values are compared with theoretical limits. >
Reduced prediction error responses in high-as compared to low-uncertainty musical contexts

Theories of predictive processing propose that prediction error responses are modulated by the certainty of the predictive model or precision. While there is some evidence for this phenomenon in the visual and, to a lesser extent, the auditory modality, little is known about whether it operates in the complex auditory contexts of daily life. Here, we examined how prediction error responses behave in a more complex and ecologically valid auditory context than those typically studied. We created musical tone sequences with different degrees of pitch uncertainty to manipulate the precision of participants’ auditory expectations. Magnetoencephalography was used to measure the magnetic counterpart of the mismatch negativity (MMNm) as a neural marker of prediction error in a multi-feature paradigm. Pitch, slide, intensity and timbre deviants were included. We compared high-entropy stimuli, consisting of a set of non-repetitive melodies, with low-entropy stimuli consisting of a simple, repetitive pitch pattern. Pitch entropy was quantitatively assessed with an information-theoretic model of auditory expectation. We found a reduction in pitch and slide MMNm amplitudes in the high-entropy as compared to the low-entropy context. No significant differences were found for intensity and timbre MMNm amplitudes. Furthermore, in a separate behavioral experiment investigating the detection of pitch deviants, similar decreases were found for accuracy measures in response to more fine-grained increases in pitch entropy. Our results are consistent with a precision modulation of auditory prediction error in a musical context, and suggest that this effect is specific to features that depend on the manipulated dimension—pitch information, in this case. Highlights The mismatch negativity (MMNm) is reduced in musical contexts with high pitch uncertainty The MMNm reduction is restricted to pitch-related features Accuracy during deviance detection is reduced in contexts with higher uncertainty The results suggest a feature-selective precision modulation of prediction error
Appendix : “ Revisions in Utilization-Adjusted TFP Robust Identification of News Shocks ” ∗

This online appendix provides supporting material and documentation for our paper titled “Revisions in Utilization-Adjusted TFP and Robust Identification of News Shocks. ” It is not intended for publication. ∗Kurmann: Drexel University, LeBow College of Business, School of Economics, 3220 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (email: kurmann.andre@gmail.com); Sims: University of Notre Dame, 710 Flanner Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 (esims1@nd.edu).
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF REFLEXOLOGIC MASSAGE WITH STROKE MASSAGE ON BLOOD OXYGEN SATURATIONOF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS

Introduction: Today, in many countries, the massage is used as a complementary therapy to reduce stress. In this study we evaluate the effect of reflexologic massage in comparison with stroke massage on physiological parameters of myoca rdial infarction patients. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was perf ormed in 2012 on 105 patients who were randomly divided into three groups: reflexologic ma ss ge, stroke massage and control groups (each group with 35 patients). In the intervention groups each patient took massages for 15 minutes in morning and afternoon in one day. Vital signs and arterial O 2 saturation were measured before and after the massage by blood pres sure cuff, thermometer, and pulse oxymeter. Paired T test and χ test were used to analyze data Results: in stroke massage group, significant diff erentiation evaluated in oxygen saturation and with (p =0.002) in morning and afternoon in a day. No significant differences in blood oxygen saturation were seen in both reflexive massage grou p and control group. Conclusion: stroke massages is effective on blood o xygen saturation and it’s so helpful for this patients.
Food Sovereignty and Natural Resources in Archipelago Region

Bivalve Lea is one of economically freshwater mussels. It has high economical value as a sources of animal protein. All these years, it relays on natural catching. For a sustainable resource management, a controlled aquaculture technique should be used to produce the seed. The success of aquaculture requires the availability of information about reproduction and gonad development, especially ovary and gonad somatic index (GSI). The aims of this research is to analyse ovary development of female Taiwan mussel Sample of this research was taken randomly, consisted of 30 individuals for gonad maturity level observations, meanwhile 107 individuals were used to measurethe gonado’s somatic index. The results of this research suggested that gonad maturity levels of Taiwan mussel consisted of 5 levels, namely primodium, developing, maturing, ripe and spent. Average values of gonado somatic index for immature Taiwan mussel and mature Taiwan mussel were 3.46 ± 1.46% and 6.00 ±2.29 %, respectively.
Correlations of encephalic neurotransmitters with contingent negative variation ( CNV ) in post-stroke depression patients

Background: To explore the mechanism of post-stroke depression by studying the correlations of contingent negative variation (CNV) with encephalic neurotransmitter levels via encephalofluctuograph technology (ET). Methods: Forty patients who met the screening criteria as the post stroke depression group. Another forty patients without post-stroke depression were selected as the control group. The encephalic neurotransmitter and CNV were detected in all groups. Results: Compared with the post-stroke group, the gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) level was increased, but the levels of acetylcholine and 5-HT were decreased in post-stroke depression group; the amplitude of point B in the CNV was decreased, and the latency of point C was prolonged in post-stroke depression group. The 5-HT level was negatively correlated with the amplitude of point B (r = -0.33, P = 0.04). The acetylcholine level was positively correlated with the latency of point C (r = 0.44, P = 0.01) in post-stroke depression group. Conclusions: The 5-HT level was negatively correlated with the amplitude of point B in the post-stroke depression group, and the decreased 5-HT level may be the possible pathological basis in post-stroke depression.
STUDY OF PATTERN OF DISTRIBUTION OF MYLOHYOID BRIDGING AND THEIR CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

Address for Correspondence: Dr. Urvi H. Dave. C/O Dr. Rajesh B. Astik. Pofessor and Head, Department of Anatomy, GMERS Medical College, Near Government Polytechnic College, Gadhoda Road, Himmatnagar, Gujarat. 383001, India. Telephone: +91-9687336803; +91-9106387517. E-Mail: astikrajesh@yahoo.co.in Background: The occurrence of mylohyoid bridges in mandible resulting compression of inferior alveolar and mylohyoid nerves, and vessels, is important cause of neuropathy in this region. Aim and objective: The present study was aimed at analyzing influence of sex and laterality in the occurrence of mylohyoid bridging in Indian population, and establishing a clue to the underlying causes of paraesthesia of idiopathic origin, in the territory of inferior alveolar and mylohyoid nerves. Methods: We studied 300 human mandibles (141 female and 159 male) for location and degree of mylohyoid bridging. Results: We found mylohyoid bridges in 15.66% mandibles. The proximal bridging was found more frequently than the distal bridging. The mylohyoid bridges were found in 7.8% female and 13.2% in male mandibles studied. We found mylohyoid bridges on 5% on right side and 5.66% on the left side, bilateral bridging was found in 5.33% mandibles. Conclusion: The frequency of occurrence of mylohyoid bridging was higher in male; however, laterality was not to be significant amongst the mandibles studied. The location and degree of mylohyoid bridging are one of the important etiological factors of paraesthesia in the region of inferior alveolar and mylohyoid nerves distribution.
What training method to choose for achieving optimal adaptations and maximize endurance performance: a threshold, high volume, high intensity interval, or polarized training method?

Correspondence: epc.vandaal@student.maastrichtuniversity. nl Abstract To improve endurance performance athletes attempt to achieve optimal adaptations through training. Several training methods are well-known in the world of endurance sports, including threshold training, high volume training, high intensity interval training, and polarized training. These training methods show differences in intensity and volume, and stimulate therefore different adaptations. Over the years a lot of research has been done to indicate the effects of these training methods. Recently, more studies have included polarized training to their interest, and compared this type of training to other methods. Polarized training seems to be the most effective training method to improve endurance performance and is therefore currently a hot topic. This review explains how threshold, high volume, high intensity interval, and polarized training are performed, and what possible adaptations are achieved through these different types of training. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms behind the benefits of a polarized training distribution will be discussed.
Language Proficiency and Collocational Competence

Most EFL teachers emphasize vocabulary size at the expense of vocabulary depth, thus neglecting lexical relations such as collocation, etc. Therefore, the current research intends to study the relationship between collocational competence and general language proficiency along with testing the go-togetherness of quantitative and qualitative aspects of lexical knowledge. To that end, 30 senior EFL students were selected from two Iranian universities through a tailored TOEFL test. They received an MC test of lexical (n + v) collocations. The results showed a relationship between the scores on TOEFL and the collocation test, and between the scores on the collocation test and the vocabulary section of the TOEFL. Therefore, collocational competence is much related to general proficiency and that the learners’ qualitative knowledge accompanies their quantitative knowledge, implying that collocation must be attended to properly at the right time through direct teaching or consciousness-raising techniques.
Motivation for English as a foreign language learning in China and Russia

The significance of motivation is indisputable for learning concerning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) studies. This article is contributed to a comparative study of motivation of bachelor students for EFL in China and Russia based on the research findings of one author’s master dissertation. A survey based on 5-point Likert scale was conducted to acquire both teachers’ and students’ perception of types, rank order and degree of motivation. The results show differences and similarities at the same time in perception between teachers, teachers and students in each country. It is interesting to notice that the difference in the ranking of motivation between Chinese teachers’ and their students’ is even bigger than between Russian teachers’ and Chinese students’. The big variance in perception between Chinese respondents suggests cross-cultural difference is not necessarily bigger than in one culture, which at the same time implies that Chinese students may suit well to study EFL in Russia, while Russian students may feel relatively more difficult to study in China. It is also assumed that Russian teachers understand their students better than Chinese teachers, hence have a closer relationship in general. At the end of the article some recommendations are accordingly made.
How can I support children’s learning through ICT: a self- study of my own teaching

2 List of tables . 8 Attestation . 9 Acknowledgements . 10 Chapter 1 . 12 Introduction: . 12 Background to the study . 12 Theoretical perspective and research design . 13 Thesis overview . 15 Conclusion . 16 Chapter 2 . 17 Literature review . 17 ICT infrastructure . 18 ICT as a medium for redefining learning, and for emancipating and transforming teachers19 ICT and early years . 23 ICT and literacy/ numeracy . 27 ICT & inquiry teaching models beyond the classroom . 28 ICT and science . 28 ICT and games . 29
LEARNING AND RETENTION OF FEMININE AND MASCULINE WORDS BY IRANIAN EFL LEARNERS

The main concern of the present study was to probe the probable differences between Iranian EFL female learners and male ones in learning and retention of feminine and masculine words regarding words gender. It was an attempt to investigate whether female and male learners of English differ significantly in learning and retention of feminine and masculine words. To carry out this study, total of 115 female and male subjects (52 females and 63 males) at two schools (Mahdieh girls‟ school and Nemooneneh Farhangian boys‟ school in Arak were randomly selected from among two groups of girls and boys from the first grade of high school students. Through administrating the NELSON English language proficiency test series 50 A to 115 students, 91 students were homogenized and invited for the purpose of this study. Statistical analyses including GLMRM, descriptive statistics, pair wise comparison, test of within-subjects revealed the following outcomes: 1Iranian EFL female and male learners had no significant difference in female words learning. 2No significant difference was observed between masculine words retention and feminine ones retention in female learners.
etection of synergistic combinations of Baccharis extracts with erbinafine against Trichophyton rubrum with high throughput creening synergy assay ( HTSS ) followed by 3 D graphs . Behavior of ome of their components aría

Forty four extracts from nine Baccharis spp. from the Caulopterae section were tested in combination with terbinafine against Trichophyton rubrum with the HTSS assay at six different ratios with the aim of detecting those mixtures that produced a ≥50% statistically significant enhancement of growth inhibition. Since an enhanced effect of a combination respective of its components, does not necessarily indicate synergism, three-dimensional (3D) dose–response surfaces were constructed for each selected pair of erbinafine ntifungal ynergism dditivism D surface–response curves extract/antifungal drug with the aid of CombiTool software. Ten extracts showed synergistic or additive combinations which constitutes a 22% hit rate of the extracts submitted to evaluation. Four flavonoids and three ent-clerodanes were detected in the active Baccharis extracts with HPLC/UV/ESI-MS methodology, all of which were tested in combination with terbinafine. Results showed that ent-clerodanes but not flavonoids showed synergistic or additive effects. Among them, bacchotricuneatin A followed by gistic ombiTool software bacrispine showed syner
Estimation of Genetic Parameters on Pre-Weaning Growth Traits in Goats for Meat Raised at a Commercial Farm in Southern Thailand

Bivariate analysis was used to estimate genetic parameters for birth weight (BW) and weaning weight (WW) of a goat population at Satun province, Thailand. Estimated direct heritabilities were found to be 0.44 for BW, and 0.51 for WW. Estimated maternal heritabilities were found to be 0.15 for BW, and 0.16 for WW. The direct genetic, maternal genetic and phenotypic correlations between BW and WW were positive and moderate to high values (0.50, 0.70 and 0.34, respectively). An antagonistic direct-maternal correlation within traits (-0.39 for BW and –0.78 for WW) and between traits (-0.35 for BW and WW and –0.04 for WW and BW) indicated that offspring of does with superior maternal abilities may provide an inferior direct genetic effect in the same trait and between traits. It was therefore possible to rapidly improve BW and WW in this goat population through selection, while the adverse effects of direct and maternal correlation within and between traits should be considered.
INVESTIGATION OF HAND HYGIENE KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION STUDENTS

DUYGU ILGIN1, HAYRIYE KUL KARAALI1, OZLEM OZCAN1, SERDAR ARSLAN2, TUGBA ARSLAN3, TURAN GUNDUZ4, MEHMET EMIN LIMONCU4 1Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey 2Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey 3Health Sciences Institute, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey 4Manisa Health Services Vocational School, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
Trigger point dry needling for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome: current perspectives within a pain neuroscience paradigm

Myofascial pain syndrome is a pain condition characterized by the presence of trigger points. Current evidence, mostly experimental studies, clearly supports a role of trigger points on peripheral and central sensitization since they are able to contribute to sensitization of peripheral nociceptors, spinal dorsal horn neurons, and the brainstem. Several interventions are proposed for treating trigger points, dry needling being one of the most commonly used by clinicians. There is no consensus on the clinical application of trigger point dry needling: some authors propose that local twitch responses should be elicited during the needling intervention to be effective, whereas others do not. The application of trigger point dry needling is able to reduce the excitability of the central nervous system by reducing peripheral nociception associated to the trigger point, by reducing dorsal horn neuron activity, and by modulating pain-related brainstem areas. However, the effects are mainly observed in the short-term, and effect sizes are moderateto small. Therefore, the current review proposes that the application of trigger point dry needling should be integrated into current pain neuroscience paradigm by combining its application with pain neuroscience education, graded exercise and manual therapy. Additionally, patient's expectations, beliefs, previous experiences and patient-clinician interaction should be considered when integrating trigger point dry needling into a comprehensive treatment approach.
THE MULTIPLE RELATIONS BETWEEN CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STYLES WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING EMPLOYEES OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES INDUSTRIAL ESTATES IN ISFAHAN, IRAN

The aim of this study was to study the relationship between conflict management styles with psychological well-being employees of manufacturing companies industrial estates in Isfahan-Iran. Research methodology, was descriptive and multiple of correlation type and statistical population of research all employees of manufacturing companies industrial estates In the 2014 they were selected from among 400 multistage sampling regular sampling method and random. The instrument included of conflict management styles (Yazdanabadi, 1993) and psychological well-being (Reef, 1989). Analysis of results was performed using of Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that predictors of their reception among the dimensions of conflict management styles, adaptive styles and avoidant in the negative direction. Environmental dominance has been predicted adaptive Styles and avoidant in the negative direction and corporate style in the positive direction. Predictors of a positive correlation with others and have purpose in life adaptive styles and avoidant in the negative direction and cooperate style in the positive direction. Personal development has been predicted adaptive styles and avoidant in the negative direction and cooperate style and competitive in the positive direction. Independence has been predictor of corporate style and competitive in the positive direction and avoidant style in the negative direction. Conciliation is not appropriate predictor of for none of components psychological well-being.
Haemato-Biochemical Profile and Milk Leukocyte Count in Subclinical and Clinical Mastitis Affected Buffaloes

| The study was conducted to determine the effect of subclinical mastitis (SCM) and clinical mastitis (CM) on haemato-biochemical parameters and milk leukocyte count of buffaloes. Milk and blood samples were collected from 20 healthy, 101 SCM and 15 CM affected buffaloes from Kolar and Chikkaballapur districts of Karnataka state, India. Haematology revealed significantly (P<0.05) higher average values of TLC in mastitis infected than healthy animals. Significantly (P< 0.05) lower average values of TEC, Hb and PCV were observed in SCM infected animals, however no significant (P>0.05) change were observed in values of CM infected than healthy animals. Biochemical estimation revealed significantly (P< 0.05) higher average values of Ca, Na and Mg in mastitis infected compared with healthy animals however, no significant (P> 0.05) change was observed in ALT levels. TP, K, P and Cl values were significantly (P<0.05) decreased and AST values were significantly increased in SCM infected compared to healthy animals. Total milk leukocytes and neutrophils were significantly (P<0.05) higher, while lymphocytes and macrophages population were significantly lower in mastitis infected animals. Changes in the haemato-biochemical parameters and milk leukocyte count are important indicators of the disturbed physiological or pathological state (mastitis) of the animals.
A Meta-Analysis of the Facial Feedback Literature: Effects of Facial Expressions on Emotional Experience are Small and Variable

The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that our facial expressions influence our emotional experience. In light of Wagenmakers et al.’s (2016) failure to replicate Strack, Martin, and Stepper’s (1988) seminal demonstration of facial feedback effects, a meta-analysis was conducted on 286 effect sizes derived from 136 facial feedback studies. Results revealed that the overall effect of facial feedback on affective experience was significant, but small (d = .20, p < .000000005). Approximately 70% of variation in facial feedback effect sizes is due to heterogeneity, which suggests that facial feedback effects are stronger in some circumstances than others. Eleven potential moderators were examined, and three were associated with differences in effect sizes: (1) Type of affective reaction: Facial feedback influenced emotional experience (e.g., reported amusement) and, to an even greater degree, perceptions of stimuli’s affective quality (e.g., funniness of cartoons). However, after controlling for publication bias, there was little evidence that facial feedback influenced perceptions of affective quality. (2) Presence of emotional stimuli: Facial feedback effects on emotional experience were larger in the absence of emotionally evocative stimuli (e.g., cartoons). (3) Type of stimuli: When participants are presented with emotionally evocative stimuli, facial feedback effects were larger in the presence of some types of stimuli (e.g., imagined scenarios) than others (e.g., pictures).