Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influenza vaccination : knowledge, attitudes, and behavior among high-risk outpatients

The Minneapolis and Pittsburgh Veterans Affairs Medical Centers conduct virtually identical institution-wide influenza vaccination programs that include annual educational and publicity mailings to all outpatients. Despite these efforts, 40% to 50% of high-risk outpatients at both centers fail to receive influenza vaccine each year. To assess differences between high-risk vaccine recipients and nonrecipients, a self-administered questionnaire was mailed to 500 randomly selected outpatients from each site. The questionnaire asked about risk factors, vaccination status, and knowledge and attitudes regarding influenza and "flu shots. " Patient risk characteristics and vaccination rates in Minneapolis and Pittsburgh were similar with 75.6% and 76.3% reporting high-risk conditions and 65.6% and 56.1% of high-risk respondents reporting influenza vaccination, respectively. High-risk vaccine recipients and nonrecipients had similar knowledge but different attitudes about influenza and "flu shots. " Using stepwise logistic regression, factors positively associated with vaccination behavior were: intention to follow physician or nurse recommendations for "flu shots" (odds ratio [OR] = 7.09); previous vaccination behavior (OR = 6.36); and physician or nurse recommendations for a "flu shot" (OR = 4.29). Factors negatively associated with vaccination behavior were difficulty in coming to the medical center (OR = 0.42) and previous side effects from the vaccine (OR = 0.19). These findings suggest areas in need of additional emphasis if influenza vaccination rates are to be improved. ( Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:106-110)
Isomorphisms of simple inductive types through extensional rewriting

We study isomorphisms of inductive types (that is, recursive types satisfying a condition of strict positivity) in an extensional simply typed $\lambda$-calculus with product and unit types. We first show that the calculus enjoys strong normalisation and confluence. Then we extend it with new conversion rules ensuring that all inductive representations of the product and unit types are isomorphic, and such that the extended reduction remains convergent. Finally, we define the notion of a faithful copy of an inductive type and a corresponding conversion relation that also preserves the good properties of the calculus.
Autologous bone marrow transplantation in children with advanced neuroblastoma

Background. Encouraging results have been reported with high dose chemotherapy and total body radiation followed by bone marrow autotransplantation in children with advanced neuroblastoma; however, relapse remains a significant problem. Methods. The authors treated 22 children with advanced neuroblastoma with high dose chemotherapy, surgery, intraoperative radiation, and a bone marrow autotransplant (treated in vitro to remove tumor cells) followed by 13-cis-retinoic acid. Results. The 3-year relapse rate was 25% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6-44%). The 3-year disease free survival rate was 72% (95% CI, 52-92%). Toxicities included hemolytic uremic syndrome, herpes infection, and hepatic venoocclusive disease. Conclusion. These data suggest that this treatment strategy offers an increased rate of 3-year disease free survival. The nonrandomized nature of this study and its use of multiple modalities precludes the analysis of the specific contribution of each treatment component and comparison with conventional therapy. Cancer 1994; 74: 972-7.
High Viral Load and Respiratory Failure in Adults Hospitalized for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections

Abstract A prospective study among adults hospitalized for polymerase chain reaction–confirmed respiratory syncytial virus infections (n = 123) showed frequent occurrence of lower respiratory-tract complications causing respiratory insufficiency (52.8%), requirement for assisted ventilation (16.3%), and intensive care unit admission/death (12.2%). High viral RNA concentration was detected at time of hospitalization, including in patients who presented later than 2 days of illness (day 1–2, 7.29 ± 1.47; day 3–4, 7.28 ± 1.41; day 5–8, 6.66 ± 1.87 log10 copies/mL). RNA concentration was independently associated with risk of complications and respiratory insufficiency (adjusted odds ratio 1.40 per log10 copies/mL increase, 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.90; P = .034). Our data indicate the need and provide a basis for clinical research on antiviral therapy in this population.
THE STRUCTURE OF CONSCIENTIOUSNESS: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION BASED ON SEVEN MAJOR PERSONALITY QUESTIONNAIRES

The purpose of this study was to identify the underlying structure of the trait domain of Conscientiousness using scales drawn from 7 major personality inventories. Thirty-six scales conceptually related to Conscientiousness were administered to a large community sample (N= 737); analyses of those scales revealed a hierarchical structure with 6 factors: industriousness, order, self-control, responsibility, traditionalism, and virtue. All 6 factors demonstrated excellent convergent validity. Three of the 6 factors, industriousness, order, and self-control, showed good discriminant validity. The remaining 3 factors—responsibility, traditionalism and virtue—appear to be interstitial constructs located equally between Conscientiousness and the remaining Big Five dimensions. In addition, the 6 underlying factors had both differential predictive validity and provided incremental validity beyond the general factor of Conscientiousness when used to predict a variety of criterion variables, including work dedication, drug use, and health behaviors.
Au-delà des normes de formation des couples au Burkina Faso : quand les cultures s’épousent

Resume global de l'ouvrage: Le mariage renvoyant simultanement a des conceptions d’ordre juridique, religieux et culturel, l’etude de la nuptialite s’avere eminemment delicate, mais aussi remarquablement revelatrice des mutations que connaissent les societes. En Afrique comme ailleurs, differentes formes d’union sont reconnues, de l’union dite libre, c’est-a- dire sans ceremonie, a des formes de mariage largement codifiees, que ce soit les mariages dits coutumiers, religieux ou civils. Traitant de six pays d’Afrique subsaharienne (Burkina Faso, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Senegal et Togo) et de trois pays du Maghreb (Algerie, Maroc, Tunisie), les etudes de cas et les textes rassembles dans cet ouvrage apportent un nouveau regard sur les questions liees au mariage et permettent de mieux en apprehender certains aspects. Les auteurs – demographes, sociologues ou anthropologues – se sont attardes aux relations prenuptiales, aux modalites d’entree en union, au choix du conjoint, aux mariages inter ethniques, aux rapports au sein du couple, a l’activite des femmes, au divorce, a la polygamie et au remariage. Ensemble, ils dressent le portrait d’une Afrique plurielle, mettant en lumiere des mutations dans les modeles matrimoniaux au sein des societes africaines, mutations qui revelent une veritable revolution silencieuse, annonciatrice de profondes transformations des societes, et tout particulierement des rapports hommes-femmes.
Meta-analysis of facial affect recognition difficulties after traumatic brain injury.

OBJECTIVE Difficulties in communication and social relationships present a formidable challenge for many people after traumatic brain injury (TBI). These difficulties are likely to be partially attributable to problems with emotion perception. Mounting evidence shows facial affect recognition to be particularly difficult after TBI. However, no attempt has been made to systematically estimate the magnitude of this problem or the frequency with which it occurs. METHOD A meta-analysis is presented examining the magnitude of facial affect recognition difficulties after TBI. From this, the frequency of these impairments in the TBI population is estimated. Effect sizes were calculated from 13 studies that compared adults with moderate to severe TBI to matched healthy controls on static measures of facial affect recognition. RESULTS The studies collectively presented data from 296 adults with TBI and 296 matched controls. The overall weighted mean effect size for the 13 studies was -1.11, indicating people with TBI on average perform about 1.1 SD below healthy peers on measures of facial affect recognition. Based on estimation of the TBI population standard deviation and modeling of likely distribution shape, it is estimated that between 13% and 39% of people with moderate to severe TBI may have significant difficulties with facial affect recognition, depending on the cut-off criterion used. CONCLUSION This is clearly an area that warrants attention, particularly examining techniques for the rehabilitation of these deficits.
Genere, ideologia e mass media: i differenti predittori del sessismo ambivalente

La Teoria del Sessismo Ambivalente, sviluppata da Glick e Fiske (1996; 2011), prevede che nei confronti di ciascun genere coesistano atteggiamenti di natura apertamente ostile con atteggiamenti apparentemente benevoli, seppur anch’essi sessisti. Questa teoria postula quindi l’esistenza di quattro sessismi: benevolo (BS) e ostile (HS) verso le donne, benevolo (BM) e ostile (HM) verso gli uomini. La presente ricerca si inserisce nell’ambito degli studi che indagano quali fattori incidono maggiormente sui diversi atteggiamenti sessisti. I dati sono stati raccolti tramite questionario su un campione bilanciato per genere (N = 253), con l’obiettivo di comparare il peso di variabili di differente natura testando quattro modelli di regressione. Il genere dei rispondenti e le variabili ideologiche sono risultati predittori di HS, BM e HM; il consumo televisivo influenza entrambi gli atteggiamenti benevoli (BS, BM), mentre l’utilizzo di Internet influenza HS.
Renal allograft survival in patients with oxalosis.

BACKGROUND Primary hyperoxaluria is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disease that often progresses to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Liver transplantation is curative for patients with the alanine: glyoxylate aminotransferase deficiency. For oxalosis patients with minor enzyme deficiencies, renal transplantation may be the therapy of choice although concern exists about recurrence of oxalosis in the transplanted kidney. To date, previous data has been conflicting with most reports indicating poor renal allograft survival for oxalosis patients who receive a renal transplant alone. To determine whether graft survival in renal transplant recipients with oxalosis is similar to other transplant recipients with other forms of ESRD, we analyzed the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) registry comparing death-censored graft survival for transplant recipients with oxalosis to a reference group with ESRD secondary to glomerulonephritis (GN). METHODS Using the USRDS and the U.S. Scientific Renal Transplant Registry data, we found 190 adult renal transplant recipients from 1988 to 1998 who had oxalosis as their primary diagnosis for their ESRD. Among the patients with oxalosis, 56 patients had a liver transplant followed by a kidney transplant (LKTx) and 134 patients had a kidney transplant alone (KTA). A Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate patient survival and death-censored graft survival for patients with oxalosis who received a LKTx or a KTA. Unadjusted death-censored graft survival for oxalosis patients with a cadaveric or living-donor KTA or with a LKTx was obtained from Kaplan-Meier analysis. Recipients of solitary kidney transplants with GN served as the reference group. RESULTS Oxalosis patients receiving a KTA had a significantly worse adjusted death-censored graft survival (47.9%) compared with patients with GN (61%) at 8 years posttransplantation (P <0.001). In contrast, oxalosis patients who received a LKTx had a significantly higher death-censored graft survival (76%) compared with oxalosis patients who received a KTA (47.9%, P<0.001) and had a trend toward better death-censored graft survival compared with patients with GN (P =0.05). In addition, oxalosis patients who received a living-donor KTA had significantly worse death-censored graft survival compared with oxalosis patients who received a LKTx (22% vs. 64%, P<0.01). Patient survival for oxalosis recipients with a KTA or a LKTx was not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS Patients with oxalosis who receive a LKTx have superior death-censored graft survival compared with oxalosis patients who receive a cadaveric or living-donor KTA and trended toward better graft survival compared with GN patients.
Direct carotid cavernous fistula after trigeminal balloon microcompression gangliolysis: case report.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE Percutaneous gangliolysis procedures may rarely be associated with vascular complications. There are three reported cases of carotid cavernous fistulas occurring after percutaneous microcompressive trigeminal gangliolysis. This is the only reported case of this complication associated with microcompression gangliolysis. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 78-year-old woman was referred to our institution with a history of abrupt onset of left-sided bruit, proptosis, chemosis, and diplopia after a percutaneous retrogasserian microcompression. INTERVENTION Cerebral angiography revealed a large left direct carotid cavernous fistula. Attempts at balloon embolization were unsuccessful, and the lesion was ultimately cured by transarterial and transvenous coil embolization. CONCLUSION Follow-up examination revealed no evidence of bruit or neurological deficit. This report highlights a unique complication of balloon gangliolysis and describes coil embolization of the fistula as the mode of treatment.
Set-specific capture can be reduced by pre-emptively occupying a limited-capacity focus of attention

Recent work has shown that contingent attentional capture effects can be especially large when multiple attentional sets for colour guide visual search (Moore & Weissman, 2010). In particular, this research suggests that detecting a target-coloured (e.g., orange) distractor leads the corresponding attentional set (e.g., identify orange letters) to enter a limited-capacity focus of attention in working memory, where it remains briefly while the distractor is being attended. Consequently, the ability to identify a differently coloured (e.g., green) target 100–300 ms later is impaired because the appropriate set (e.g., identify green letters) cannot also enter the focus of attention. In two experiments, we investigated whether such set-specific capture can be reduced by pre-emptively occupying the focus of attention. As predicted, a target-coloured central distractor presented 233 ms before a target-coloured peripheral distractor eliminated set-specific capture arising from the peripheral distractor. Moreover, this effect was observed only when the central distractor's colour (e.g., orange) (1) matched a different set than the upcoming peripheral distractor's colour (e.g., green) and (2) matched the same set as the upcoming central target's colour (e.g., orange). We conclude that the same working memory limitations that give rise to set-specific capture can be pre-emptively exploited to reduce it.
A ground-based vision system for UAV tracking

It is presented a vision system based on a standard RGB digital camera to track an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) during the landing process aboard a ship. The developed vision system is located on the ship's deck and is used to track the UAV during all the landing process. A Ground-based vision system makes it possible to use an UAV with small size and weight, since the UAV will have less computer requirements. The proposed method uses a particle filter (PF) for pose estimation and an unscented Kalman filter (UKF) approach for filtering. This combination provides an adapted filtering framework for tracking. The implemented particle filter is inspired in the evolution strategies present in genetic algorithms with modifications in the mutation and crossover operators to avoid sample impoverishment. Results show that position and angular estimates precision is compatible with the automatic landing system requirements.
Portable, predictable and partitionable: a domain specific approach to heterogeneous computing

Computing is increasingly heterogeneous. Beyond Central Processing Units (CPUs), di↵erent architectures such as massively parallel Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) and reconfigurable Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are seeing widespread adoption. However, the failure of conventional programming approaches to support portable execution, predict the runtime characteristics and partition workloads optimally is hindering the realisation of heterogeneous computing. By narrowing the scope of expression in a natural manner, using a domain specific approach, these three challenges can be addressed. A domain specific heterogeneous computing methodology enables three features: Portability, Prediction and Partitioning. Portable, e cient execution is enabled by a domain specific approach because only a subset of domain functions need to be supported across the heterogeneous computing platforms. Predictive models of runtime characteristics are enabled as the structure of the domain functions may be analysed a priori. Finally optimal partitioning is possible because the metric models can be used to form an optimisation program that can be solved by either heuristic, machine learning or Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) approaches. Using the example of the application domain of financial derivatives pricing, a domain specific application framework, the Forward Financial Framework (F 3), can execute a single pricing task upon a diverse range of CPU, GPU and FPGA platforms from many di↵erent vendors. Not only do these portable implementations exhibit strong parallel scaling, but are competitive with stateof-the-art, expert created implementations of the same option pricing problems. Furthermore, F 3 can model the crucial runtime metrics of latency and accuracy for these heterogeneous platforms using a small benchmarking procedure to within 10% of the run-time value of these metrics. Finally, the framework can optimally partition work across heterogeneous platforms, using a MILP framework, that is up to 270 times more e cient than what is achieved by using a heuristic approach.
Cyclophilin A Is a Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecule That Mediates Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury

The immune system is alerted to cell death by molecules known as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These molecules partly mediate acetaminophen-induced liver injury, an archetypal experimental model of sterile cell death and the commonest cause of acute liver failure in the western world. Cyclophilin A (CypA) is an intracellular protein that is proinflammatory when released by cells. We hypothesized that CypA is released from necrotic liver cells and acts as a DAMP to mediate acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Our data demonstrated that mice lacking CypA (Ppia−/−) were resistant to acetaminophen toxicity. Antagonism of the extracellular receptor for CypA (CD147) also reduced acetaminophen-induced liver injury. When injected into a wild-type mouse, necrotic liver from Ppia−/− mice induced less of an inflammatory response than did wild-type liver. Conversely, the host inflammatory response was increased when CypA was injected with necrotic liver. Antagonism of CD147 also reduced the inflammatory response to necrotic liver. In humans, urinary CypA concentration was significantly increased in patients with acetaminophen-induced liver injury. In summary, CypA is a DAMP that mediates acetaminophen poisoning. This mechanistic insight presents an opportunity for a new therapeutic approach to a disease that currently has inadequate treatment options.
Benchmarking EGSnrc in the kilovoltage energy range against experimental measurements of charged particle backscatter coefficients

This study benchmarks the EGSnrc Monte Carlo code in the energy range of interest to kilovoltage medical physics applications (5–140 keV) against experimental measurements of charged particle backscatter coefficients. The benchmark consists of experimental data from 20 different published experiments (1954–2007) covering 35 different elements (4 ⩽ Z ⩽ 92), electron and positron backscatter, normal and oblique incidence, and backscatter from thin films. EGSnrc simulation results show excellent agreement with the vast majority of the experimental data. Possible experimental and computational uncertainties explaining the few noted discrepancies are discussed. This study concludes that for the energy range of interest to kilovoltage medical physics application, EGSnrc produces backscatter results within ∼4% of the average of the majority of published experimental data. A documented EGSnrc user-code customized for backscatter calculations is available from the authors at http://www.physics. carleton.ca/clrp/backscatter.
Forecasting Volatility of USD/MUR Exchange Rate using a GARCH (1,1) model with GED and Student’s-t errors

This paper aims at evaluating volatility forecasts for the US Dollar/Mauritian Rupee exchange rate obtained via a GARCH (1,1) model under two distributional assumptions: the Generalized Error Distribution (GED) and the Student’s-t distribution. We make use of daily data to evaluate the parameters of each model and produce volatility estimates. The forecasting ability is subsequently assessed using the symmetric loss functions which are the Mean Absolute Error(MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The latter show that both distributions may forecast quite well with a slight advantage to the GARCH(1,1)- GED for out-of-sample forecasts. Key words and phrases: Volatility, GARCH, Student-t, GED, MAE, RMSE.
Synchrony, compensatory dynamics, and the functional trait basis of phenological diversity in a tropical dry forest tree community: effects of rainfall seasonality

Interspecific variation in phenology is a key axis of functional diversity, potentially mediating how communities respond to climate change. The diverse drivers of phenology act across multiple temporal scales. For example, abiotic constraints favor synchronous reproduction (positive covariance among species), while biotic interactions can favor synchrony or compensatory dynamics (negative covariance). We used wavelet analyses to examine phenology of community flower and seed production for 45 tree species across multiple temporal scales in a tropical dry forest in Puerto Rico with marked rainfall seasonality. We asked three questions: (1) do species exhibit synchronous or compensatory temporal dynamics in reproduction, (2) do interspecific differences in phenology reflect variable responses to rainfall, and (3) is interspecific variation in phenology and response to a major drought associated with functional traits that mediate responses to moisture? Community-level flowering was synchronized at seasonal scales (∼5–6 mo) and at short scales (∼1 mo, following rainfall). However, seed rain exhibited significant compensatory dynamics at intraseasonal scales (∼3 mo), suggesting interspecific variation in temporal niches. Species with large leaves (associated with sensitivity to water deficit) peaked in reproduction synchronously with the peak of seasonal rainfall (∼5 mo scale). By contrast, species with high wood specific gravity (associated with drought resistance) tended to flower in drier periods. Flowering of tall species and those with large leaves was most tightly linked to intraseasonal (∼2 mo scale) rainfall fluctuations. Although the 2015 drought dramatically reduced community-wide reproduction, functional traits were not associated with the magnitude of species-specific declines. Our results suggest opposing drivers of synchronous versus compensatory dynamics at different temporal scales. Phenology associations with functional traits indicated that distinct strategies for coping with seasonality underlie phenological diversity. Observed drought responses highlight the importance of non-linear community responses to climate. Community phenology exhibits scale-specific patterns highlighting the need for multi-scale approaches to community dynamics.