Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is the Contextual Interference Effect Generalizable to Computer Games?

The benefits of learning multiple tasks under an unstructured practice schedule have been extensively demonstrated in the laboratory. The purpose of the present study was to test contextual interference effects in a nonlaboratory setting using computer games as tasks. Undergraduate kinesiology and sport management majors (N=19) played a computer game simulating the events of the winter Olympics. Participants were randomly assigned to either a Blocked or Random practice schedule, practicing 36 trials of three events. Delayed retention and transfer tests were performed after a 48-hr. retention interval. The dependent variable was time to complete an event. During transfer, participants in the Random schedule (M = 248 sec.) were significantly faster than Blocked (M = 263 sec.) participants. Results support and extend previous contextual interference findings. Transfer was facilitated for participants who learned the events in a Random practice order. Results are discussed in terms of the influence of task characteristics on learning.
Low seroconversion after one dose of AS03-adjuvanted H1N1 pandemic influenza vaccine in solid-organ transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND Immunocompromised individuals are more susceptible to complications produced by influenza infection. As a result, solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients were targeted as a priority group to receive AS03-adjuvanted H1N1 influenza vaccine during 2009. OBJECTIVE To evaluate seroconversion after one dose of adjuvanted pandemic influenza H1N1 (pH1N1) vaccine in SOT recipients. METHODS Adult SOT recipients were enrolled to receive one 3.75 μg dose of adjuvanted pH1N1 vaccine. Serological status was tested using a hemagglutination inhibition assay before and two and four weeks postvaccination. RESULTS The five SOT recipients (one liver, two kidney and two lung transplants) had a median age of 50 years (range 36 to 53 years), and three were male, who were a median time of three years (range two months to 15 years) post-transplant. All patients were on a double or triple immunosuppressive regimen. The prevaccination pH1N1 titre was 1:10 in four patients and 1:40 in one patient. Seroprotection was observed only in one patient, with a rise in titre from 1:40 at baseline to 1:320 at both two and four weeks after vaccination. This lung transplant recipient had documented previous infection with pH1N1. CONCLUSION Results of the present small study call into question whether one dose of adjuvanted pH1N1 vaccine can provide seroprotection in SOT recipients.
Transplantation of bone marrow stem cells during cardiac surgery

Background This systematic review with meta-analysis sought to determine the efficacy and safety of intramyocardial transplantation of bone marrow stem cells during coronary artery bypass graft surgery on postoperative cardiac functional parameters such as left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular end-diastolic volume. Methods Medline/PubMed, Embase, Elsevier, Sciences online database, and Google Scholar literature search were searched. The effect sizes measured were risk ratio for categorical variables and weighted mean difference with 95% confidence interval for calculating differences between mean values of baseline and follow-up cardiac functional parameters. A value of p < 0.1 for Q test, or I2 > 50%, indicated significant heterogeneity among studies. The literature search retrieved 2900 studies from screened databases, of which 2866 (98.6%) were excluded and 34 (619 patients) were included for scoping review. The final analysis included 9 studies (335 patients). Results Pooled effects estimates of left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular end-diastolic volume showed that bone marrow stem cell transplantation had a weighted mean difference of 4.06 (95% confidence interval: 0.41–7.72; p = 0.02) and 7.06 (95% confidence interval: −8.58–22.7; p = 0.3), respectively. Conclusions Intramyocardial transplantation of bone marrow stem cells improves cardiac functional parameters, significantly increasing left ventricular ejection fraction with a nonsignificant reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic volume. Also, this therapeutic method has no life-threatening complications and was therefore found to be an effective and safe method.
Physician, nurse, and social worker collaboration in primary care for chronically ill seniors.

OBJECTIVES To examine the impact of an interdisciplinary, collaborative practice intervention involving a primary care physician, a nurse, and a social worker for community-dwelling seniors with chronic illnesses. METHODS A concurrent, controlled cohort study of 543 patients in 18 private office practices of primary care physicians was conducted. The intervention group received care from their primary care physician working with a registered nurse and a social worker, while the control group received care as usual from their primary care physician. The outcome measures included changes in number of hospital admissions, readmissions, office visits, emergency department visits, skilled nursing facility admissions, home care visits, and changes in patient self-rated physical, emotional, and social functioning. RESULTS From 1992 (baseline year) to 1993, the two groups did not differ in service use or in self-reported health status. From 1993 to 1994, the hospitalization rate of the control group increased from 0.34 to 0.52, while the rate in the intervention group stayed at baseline (P= .03). The proportion of intervention patients with readmissions decreased from 6% to 4%, while the rate in the control group increased from 4% to 9% (P=.03). In the intervention group, mean office visits to all physicians fell by 1.5 visits compared with a 0.5-visit increase for the control group (P=.003). The patients in the intervention group reported an increase in social activities compared with the control group's decrease (P=.04). With fewer hospital admissions, average per-patient savings for 1994 were estimated at $90, inclusive of the intervention's cost but exclusive of savings from fewer office visits. CONCLUSIONS This model of primary care collaborative practice shows potential for reducing utilization and maintaining health status for seniors with chronic illnesses. Future work should explore the specific benefit accruing from physician involvement in the collaborative practice team.
Histopathologic features of retinoblastoma and its relation with in vitro drug resistance measured by means of the MTT assay

Retinoblastoma is frequently treated with chemotherapy to facilitate intraocular therapy, as well as to diminish or delay radiotherapy in invasive disease. It is also used more extensively in patients with dissemination to the central nervous system and/or the bone marrow. Once the disease has spread, the prognosis is poor. Radiotherapy is effective in ocular retinoblastoma, but is associated with facial deformation and a higher chance for second primary tumors in the irradiation field. These sequelae emphasize the need to determine more effective chemotherapy schedules and local treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between in vitro drug resistance for ten cytostatic drugs and histopathologic features in primary retinoblastoma.
Generation Y’s positive and negative eWOM: use of social media and mobile technology

Purpose This paper aims to explore the factors that influence Generation Y’s positive or negative electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) behavior via social media and mobile technology in the foodservice sector. Three types of dining experiences were examined: positive and negative customer experiences and negative customer service followed by a satisfactory recovery package. Design/methodology/approach A survey was adopted to test the factors posited to influence Generation Y consumers in these service contexts. Participants were recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk , and multi-group structural equation modeling was performed to analyze the data. Findings Active use of social media and peer influence had a sweeping influence on Generation Y’s intentions to engage in eWOM about their service experiences. Technological sophistication with mobile technology influenced Generation Y to spread positive or negative service experiences, rather than satisfactory recovery experiences. Family influence had a mixed influence on Generation Y subgroups (21-24 years old vs 25-35 years old) to engage in eWOM about their satisfactory or poor service experiences. In satisfactory recovery experiences, family influence showed no significant influence on Generation Y’s eWOM behaviors. Research limitations/implications This study enriches online reviews and eWOM marketing theories, adds to service failure and recovery literature and enhances understanding of consumer behavior expressed by Generation Y through the empirical investigation of Generation Y consumers’ behavioral motivations to engage in eWOM through social media and mobile technology. Practical implications Engaging Generation Y consumers with social media campaigns and mobile technology development is not merely sufficient in eWOM marketing strategies. Instead, it is essential to create integrative peer communities to motivate Generation Y consumers to engage in eWOM marketing. Marketers need to pay attention to the mixed effects of family influences on the eWOM behaviors of subgroups of Generation Y in positive or negative service experiences. Originality/value Given the scarcity of consumer behavior research into Generation Y as an emerging market segment, this paper makes an incremental contribution by developing and validating a model of factors that influence Generation Y consumers’ eWOM intentions through social networking and mobile technologies in three major service contexts: positive, negative and recovery following a service failure.
Rapid brain MRI acquisition techniques at ultra‐high fields

Ultra‐high‐field MRI provides large increases in signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) as well as enhancement of several contrast mechanisms in both structural and functional imaging. Combined, these gains result in a substantial boost in contrast‐to‐noise ratio that can be exploited for higher‐spatial‐resolution imaging to extract finer‐scale information about the brain. With increased spatial resolution, however, there is a concurrent increased image‐encoding burden that can cause unacceptably long scan times for structural imaging and slow temporal sampling of the hemodynamic response in functional MRI – particularly when whole‐brain imaging is desired. To address this issue, new directions of imaging technology development – such as the move from conventional 2D slice‐by‐slice imaging to more efficient simultaneous multislice (SMS) or multiband imaging (which can be viewed as “pseudo‐3D” encoding) as well as full 3D imaging – have provided dramatic improvements in acquisition speed. Such imaging paradigms provide higher SNR efficiency as well as improved encoding efficiency. Moreover, SMS and 3D imaging can make better use of coil sensitivity information in multichannel receiver arrays used for parallel imaging acquisitions through controlled aliasing in multiple spatial directions. This has enabled unprecedented acceleration factors of an order of magnitude or higher in these imaging acquisition schemes, with low image artifact levels and high SNR. Here we review the latest developments of SMS and 3D imaging methods and related technologies at ultra‐high field for rapid high‐resolution functional and structural imaging of the brain. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zoledronic acid to prevent bone loss in the first 6 months after renal transplantation.

BACKGROUND Bisphosphonates can prevent bone mineral density loss after renal transplantation, but their effect on trabecular mineralization and bone morphology, two key factors of bone stability, remains unknown. METHODS In a 6-month, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 20 kidney transplant recipients received either 4 mg zoledronic acid or placebo twice within 3 months after engraftment. At transplantation and after 6 months, mean trabecular calcium concentration and trabecular morphometry were measured in bone biopsies. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck and the lumbar spine were evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and serum biochemical markers of bone metabolism were determined monthly. RESULTS Trabecular calcium content increased significantly in the zoledronic acid group, but remained unchanged in the placebo group. BMD at femoral neck showed no change in the zoledronic acid group, but decreased in the placebo group. BMD of the lumbar spine was increased in the zoledronic acid group without change in the placebo group. High-turnover bone disease resolved similarly in both groups, as evidenced by a significant decrease of eroded bone surface, osteoclast and osteoblast surface. Serologic markers of bone formation and resorption were significantly lower in zoledronic acid-treated patients throughout the study. Kidney transplant function was stable after zoledronic acid therapy. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that administration of zoledronic acid improves the calcium content of cancellous bone after kidney transplantation. The beneficial effect of bisphosphonate therapy is further evidenced by an increase of lumbar spine BMD, and stabilization of femur BMD.
The role of microcirculatory techniques in patients with diabetic foot syndrome.

BACKGROUND Diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) is a frequent complication of long-standing diabetes mellitus, occurring in 10 to 30 percent of all diabetics with a vital risk for the affected limb and high mortality rates. Macroangiopathy, diabetic polyneuropathy and infections are trigger factors for DFS. Recent results imply a pathogenic role of functional and structural microcirculatory changes. The exact role of microangiopathy and the value of microcirculatory diagnostic methods in DFS have not yet been defined. PATIENTS AND METHODS 78 patients with DFS (28 type I, 50 type II diabetics, mean age 63 years) were evaluated with video capillary microscopy, transcutaneous partial oxygen tension (tcpO2) measurement and laser Doppler fluxmetry (LDF) at the forefoot of the affected leg at admission and after revascularisation. Mean hospital stay was 28 +/- 11.7 days. Patients were stratified according to the etiology of DFS in patients with neuropathic lesions, macroangiopathic ulcers and mixed neuropathic-angiopathic lesions. RESULTS All groups had impaired microcirculation, and significant differences between groups were found in respect to capillary density. Reactive hyperemia, LDF pattern and tcpO2 did not differ significantly. Microcirculatory examinations did not yield additional information to clinical and Doppler sonographic results. CONCLUSION In clinical practice, the role of microcirculation evaluation techniques for diabetic foot syndrome is limited.
A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of discourse coherence in typically developing children

Using functional magnetic resonance imaging and a previously validated activation paradigm, we investigated the neural networks involved in detecting discourse coherence in a sample of typically developing children. Study participants listened to short question–answer dialogues and determined whether the answers made sense. Consistent with prior adult findings, when this decision involved an implicit appraisal of the conversation logic, frontotemporal activity was strongly left lateralized. In contrast, when this determination involved detecting a change in the conversation topic, activity in frontotemporal regions was bilateral, with a right hemisphere bias. Despite behavioral performance differences, children and adults showed remarkably similar activation profiles when making sense of conversation, indicating that the neural architecture subserving this fundamental communicative function is established relatively early during normal development.
(Pro?)-Cyclicality of Collateral Haircuts and Systemic Illiquidity

Procyclicality of collateral haircuts and margins has become a widely proclaimed behavior and is currently discussed not only by academic literature but also by regulatory authorities in Europe. Procyclicality of haircuts is assumed to be a trigger of liquidity spirals due to its tightening effect of collateral portfolio values in times of market distress. However, empirical evidence on this topic is quite sparse and the discussions are primarily driven by insights derived from theoretical models. Nonetheless, oversight bodies are discussing macroprudential haircut add-ons in order to curb with the potential effects of procyclicality in distressed periods. Based on a unique data set provided by a large European Central Counterparty we construct a measure of systemic illiquidity of bond collaterals and analyze the relationship between haircuts, the development of periods with explosive behavior and systemic illiquidity. We estimate the noise of bond yields to measure systemic illiquidity with and without considering haircuts. We then apply an explosive roots bubble detection technique to identify irrational periods of each of these two time series and to a combination of both. Finally, we propose a quantitative trigger and design for macroprudential haircut add-ons. Our results confirm that (1) bond collateral markets face irrational, i.e. bubble-like illiquidity during periods of systemic distress. The results indicate that (2) haircuts are not amplifying or increasing with systemic illiquidity. (3) The proposed haircut add-on mechanism exhibits desirable features to mitigate systemic illiquidity during lasting periods of distress. JEL Classification: E44, G18, G01
Doing Better: Sports, Economic Impact Analysis, and Schools of Public Policy and Administration

Abstract Consultants on economic impact projects face a challenge in terms of measuring the estimated benefits of such projects, particularly when they are promoted within a heightened, politicized context, as is often the case with the sports facilities. Supporters and opponents of such projects hire consultants (public and private) to measure the value of the investment, which is frequently couched as an economic impact assessment. This often leads to conflicting conclusions, with significant divergences in the measured value of the project. We use a comparative case study to highlight how this happens, and to illustrate for public policy and administration scholars how the lessons for conducting such analyses are lost on policy students, and also are reflected as bad or useless knowledge in the communities they serve.
Projection of jaw‐muscle spindle afferents to the caudal brainstem in rats demonstrated using intracellular biotinamide

Intracellular staining with biotinamide was used to study the axonal projection and synaptic morphology of rat jaw‐muscle spindle afferents. Intracellular recordings in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (Vme) were identified as spindle afferent responses by their increased firing during stretching of the jaw‐elevator muscles. Biotinamide‐stained axon collaterals with boutons were found in the trigeminal motor nucleus (Vmo), Vme, the region dorsal to Vmo including the supratrigeminal region, the dorsomedial portion of the trigeminal principal sensory nucleus, and the dorsomedial part of the rostral spinal trigeminal subnucleus oralis. Additional, previously undescribed projections of jaw‐muscle spindle afferents were found to the dorsomedial portiori of the caudal spinal trigeminal subnucleus oralis (Vodm), the dorsomedial part of the spinal trigeminal subnucleus interpolaris (Vidm), the caudal parvicellular reticular formation, laminae IV and V of the spinal trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc), and the dorsal division of the medullary reticular field. Labeled spindle boutons in Vodm formed predominately axodendritic synapses. Some of these boutons received presynaptic inputs from unlabeled P‐type boutons containing clear, spherical, or flattened vesicles. In Vidm, labeled collaterals and boutons were densely clustered into glomerular‐like structures. Labeled boutons in Vidm made axodendritic, axosomatic, and axoaxonic synapses and received synaptic contacts from unlabeled boutons containng clear, spherical, or flat and pleomorphic vesicles. Unlabeled presynaptic boutons in Vidrn occasionally contained dense core vesicles. Labeled boutons in Vc mainly formed synaptic contacts with large diameter dendrites. This projection of jaw‐muscle spindle afferents to caudal brainstem regions may play a significant role in masticatory‐muscle stretch reflexes and in the integration of trigeminal proprioceptive information and its transmission to higher centers. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predictive Factors of Mortality in Burn Patients

Background: Burn injuries impose a considerable burden on healthcare systems in Iran. It is among the top ten causes of mortality and a main cause of disability. Objectives: This study aimed to examine factors influencing mortality in burn patients admitted to the main educational tertiary referral hospital in Kermanshah. Patients and Methods: All patients admitted to the Imam Khomeini Hospital (from March 2011 to March 2012), due to thermal burn injuries were included in the study. We applied multiple logistic regressions to identify risk and protective factors of mortality. Also we calculated lethal area fifty percent (LA50), as an aggregate index for hospital quality. Results: During the study period, 540 burn patients were admitted. Male to female ratio was 1.12:1. Twenty three percent of the patients were less than 15 years-old. Median of age was 25 years (Inter Quartile Range, 16 - 37). Overall, probability of death was 25.8%. Lethal area fifty percent (LA50) was 50.82 (CI 95%: 47.76 - 54.48). In the final model, after adjustment of sex, age, total body surface area (TBSA), cause of burn and it’s severity, female gender (P < 0.05), age ≥ 60 years (in comparison with age less than 15 years, P < 0.05) and larger burn size (P < 0.0001) were identified as the main risk factors of death in these patients. Conclusions: Findings showed that the main risk factors of death were female gender, burn size and old age. Directing more attention to these vulnerable patients is required to reduce mortality and improve patient survival.
Intranasal application of chitin microparticles down‐regulates symptoms of allergic hypersensitivity to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Aspergillus fumigatus in murine models of allergy

Background Previous studies have demonstrated that chitin in the form of microparticles that can be phagocytosed is a potent macrophage stimulator and promotes a Th1 cytokine response and it has been shown that oral administration of chitin microparticles is effective in down‐regulating serum IgE and lung eosinophilia in a mouse model of ragweed allergy. To date there have been no studies on the effectivness of directly applying chitin microparticles to the respiratory tract as a treatment for allergic symptoms.
Motoric characteristics of representational gestures produced by young children in a naming task*

ABSTRACT This study explores the form of representational gestures produced by forty-five hearing children (age range 2 ; 0–3 ; 1) asked to label pictures in words. Five pictures depicting objects and five pictures depicting actions which elicited more representational gestures were chosen for more detailed analysis. The range of gestures produced for each item varied from 3 to 27 for a total of 128 gestures. Gestures have been analyzed with the same parameters used to describe signs produced by deaf children: handshape, location and movement. Results show that gestures for a given picture exhibit similarities in many of the parameters across children. Some motor characteristics found in the production of hearing toddlers' gestures are similar to those described for early signs. Implications of this similarity between gestural and signed linguistic representations in young children are discussed.