Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Habitat associations and impact of habitat degradation on small mammals in the Heritage Park , North West Province , South Africa

Bullock, K.L. , Viljoen, F. & Kotze, J.J. 2014. Habitat associations and impact of habitat degradation on small mammals in the Heritage Park, North West Province, South Africa. Navors. nas. Mus. , Bloemfontein 30(1): 1–17. The association between small mammals and their surrounding habitat features were investigated during the growing seasons of 2008 and 2009 in the 90 333 ha proposed Heritage Park corridor between Pilanesberg National Park and Madikwe Game Reserve, North West Province, South Africa. Ninety-six sites were surveyed using live capture traps. Habitat associations of the five most abundant species were analysed using Multivariate Community Analysis Techniques. Mastomys coucha showed varying degrees of association with the different habitat features. This species was associated with areas of lower altitude and varying soil clay content, and was most abundant in areas with slight or no overgrazing. Aethomys chrysophilis preferred lower-lying habitat with varying clay content, no surface rock, little overgrazing and no bush encroachment; Tatera leucogaster had a strong association with habitats at lower altitude, sandy soil, low surface rock and varying tree density; Saccostomus campestris was strongly associated with areas at lower altitude, sandy soils, no surface rock and varying tree density; Crocidura sp. strongly preferred areas with no surface rock and low or no overgrazing. Such clear understanding of habitat selection criteria of small mammal species in diverse landscapes can suggest conservation and management strategies valuable to land managers. (rodents, shrews, Canonical Correspondence Analysis) ISBN 978-1-86847-159-1 2 Navors. nas. Mus. , Bloemfontein Volume 30, Part 1
Correlation between vitamin D levels and static postural balance of both feet in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Objective: To analyze the differences in indicators of static postural balance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with different vitamin D levels and to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and fall risks in T2DM patients. Methods: A total of 125 T2DM patients were selected between Dec. 2014 and Oct. 2015. The patients were divided into the following groups according to their 25(OH)D3 levels: the severe deficiency group (group A), deficiency group (group B), insufficiency group (group C), and normal group (group D). Platform plantar pressure was measured to compare the differences in the total traveled way (TTW) of the center of pressure (COP) and the ellipse area (EA) enclosing the TTW of the COP among the 4 groups. Variables that affected the TTW of the COP and the EA enclosing the TTW of the COP were used for the Pearson correlation analysis. All factors with P<0.05 were included in the stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The TTW of the COP and the EA enclosing the 95% TTW of the COP in the vitamin D severe deficiency and deficiency groups were significantly higher than those in the insufficiency and normal groups. The stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that the 25(OH)D3 level had an independent negative correlation with the TTW of the COP and the EA enclosing the 95% TTW of the COP. Conclusions: The vitamin D level had an independent negative correlation with the static postural balance. Thus, when the vitamin D level in T2DM patients was lower, the fall risk was higher.
Sources of Stress Among Undergraduate Nursing Students

OBJECTIVE: Stress is common among nursing students during their first years of study. Nursing students often experience high levels of stress because they frequently encounter various challenges that can negatively affect their academic performance and general health. However, common sources of stress among undergraduate nursing students have not been well identified. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the common sources of stress among undergraduate nursing students. METHODS: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The convenience sample included 87 female nursing students. The Student Nurse Stress Index (SNSI) was used to describe the sources of stress from four domains: academic load, clinical concerns, personal problems, and interface worries. RESULTS: The majority (95.4%) of the participants were aged between 19-21 years. The major source of stress was academic load (M = 3.38, SD = 0.82), followed by interface worries (M = 3.22, SD = 0.79), clinical concerns (M = 2.80, SD = 0.78), and personal problems (M = 2.43, SD = 1.02). CONCLUSION: The nursing students’ stress resulting from their academic load was higher than the other sources of stress, and it was related to the large number of materials, assignments, or subjects required for nursing students. It is recommended that undergraduate nursing students are supported by having schools organize the amount of academic work required for each subject. Given that the students’ academic load was the most common source of stress, coordination between the students and faculty about the requirements of each course is warranted.
Motion types of ancillary gestures in clarinet playing and their influence on the perception of musical performance

Abstract Musicians’ body movements are considered to be a source of communication and to contribute to the perceived musical impression of a performance. The aim of this study was to analyse ancillary body movements of clarinettists in order to identify characteristic motion types used in performance and to investigate their influence on the perception of the musical performance. The body movements of 22 clarinettists were recorded using 3D motion capture. A cluster analysis was performed on the variances of the angles in the shoulders, arms, knees, the back and the instrument hold, in order to examine commonalities in movement patterns. Four different motion types were classified: predominant knee motion (PkneeM), predominant arm motion (ParmM), no specific prominent motion pattern (NoSMP) and overall low motion performance (LowMP). In a perceptual experiment, in which all audio-visual recordings of performances were presented with the same audio track, 154 participants were asked to rate 8 performances (2 in each motion type) on 5 evaluation scales. The results showed that different motion types had a significant effect on perceptual ratings, with the highest affective ratings given to those who performed with predominant motion patterns in either the arms (ParmM) or in the knees (PkneeM), and the lowest ratings were given for performances with overall low motion (LowMP). In summary, the categorization of four motion types supports a systematic analysis of commonalities in motions made during clarinet performances across players. In addition, these different motion types have been shown to effectively influence perception of musical performance.
Application of the Graded Response Model to a Scale of Empathic Behavior

Abstract The results obtained from the application of the Graded Response Model (GRM) to the items of the Scale of Empathic Behavior whose authors are Auné, Abal and Attorresi (2017) are presented. The sample was obtained by accessibility and consisted of Argentine university students (80% Women). None of the items presented uniform or non-uniform gender differential item functioning. The GRM assumptions of local independence and unidimensionality were successfully corroborated. Threshold parameters tended to be located at low levels of the trait scale, whereas discrimination parameters were high. The analysis of the information function showed acceptable precision in low and middle empathic behavior level.
Three-dimensional stress analysis for laminated composite and sandwich structures

Accurate stress prediction in composite laminates is crucial for safe design under different loading conditions. Classical laminated theory, i.e. those based on the Euler-Bernoulli and Kirchhoff hypotheses, respectively for beams and plates/shells are inaccurate for relatively thick laminates as three-dimensional (3D) effects such as transverse shear and normal deformations are neglected. Therefore, 3D finite element models are often employed for accurate stress analysis. However, these models are computationally expensive when used for laminates with a large number of layers, in optimisation studies, or for non-linear analyses. To address this issue, a Unified Formulation approach is presented for the analysis of laminated, slender beam-like structures. To define the kinematic field over the beam's cross-section, a recently developed hierarchical set of expansion functions, based on Serendipity Lagrange expansions, are employed and adapted to the layer-wise approach. The present formulation, which has displacements as degrees of freedom, does not ensure continuous transverse stresses across layer interfaces. Thus, an extra post-processing step is required to capture these stresses accurately. The proposed model is benchmarked against a 3D closed-form solution, 3D finite elements, and results available in the literature by means of static analyses of highly heterogeneous, laminated composite and sandwich beams. A key advantage of the present model is its ability to predict accurate 3D stress fields efficiently, including boundary layer regions, i.e. towards clamped ends. As a result, global analyses (e.g. overall displacements, buckling, etc.) and local analyses (e.g. stress concentrations) are combined within a single, computationally efficient model. The performance of the proposed approach, in terms of computational cost and precision, is assessed. Significant computational efficiency gains over 3D finite elements are observed for similar levels of accuracy.
MINERALIZATION OF ORGANIC MATTER DURING WEED-SOIL MICROBIOTA INTERACTIONS

The competition between weeds and crops is one of the main factors responsible for productivity losses in agricultural fields. This review aimed at presenting and discussing how the interactions between weeds and microorganisms can affect the competitive capacity of weeds and soil physicochemical properties. We also discuss how changes in the elemental stoichiometry of weeds can reflect their competitive and adaptative capacity. Although weeds are more dependent on associations with soil microorganisms than crops for growth, few studies have assessed the contribution of the soil microbiota to their competitive success in agroecosystems. When in competition, plants can change the elemental stoichiometry of their tissues in environments with varied nutrient availability. Elemental stoichiometry of plants has been particularly well studied using ecological approaches on the dynamics of weed populations in natural ecosystems, being a promising tool for understanding weed capacity to adapt to different agricultural managements. Plants control the biogeochemical cycles of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in the rhizosphere through a phenomenon known as the rhizosphere priming effect (RPE). Although this review has found some information in the literature that provides strong indications that the coexistence of weeds and crops may increase soil organic matter mineralization, we are not aware of studies investigating the effects of competition among these plants on RPE.
Investigation of the optimal design of orthodontic mini-implants based on the primary stability: A finite element analysis

Background. The design of an orthodontic mini-implant is a significant factor in determining its primary stability and its clinical success. The aim of this study was to measure the relative effect of mini-implant design factors on primary stability of orthodontic mini-implants. Methods. Thirty-two 3-dimensional assemblies of mini-implant models with their surrounding bone were generated using finite element analysis software. The maximum displacement of each mini-implant model was measured as they were loaded with a 2-N horizontal force. Employing Taguchi’s design of experiments as a statistical method, the contribution of each design factor to primary stability was calculated. As a result of the great effect of the upper diameter and length, to better detect the impact of the remaining design factors, another set of 25 models with a fixed amount of length and diameter was generated and evaluated. Results. The diameter and length showed a great impact on the primary stability in the first set of experiments (P<0.05). According to the second set of experiments, increased taper angle in the threaded and non-threaded area decreased the primary stability. There was also an optimum amount of 2.5 mm for threaded taper length beyond which the primary stability decreased. Conclusion. It is advisable to increase the diameter and length if primary stability is at risk. In the second place, a minimum amount of taper angle, both in the threaded and non-threaded area with an approximate proportion of 20% of threaded taper length to MI length, would be desirable for MIs with a moderate size.
Concurrent sarcoptic and psoroptic mange complicated with Staphylococcus aureus in a Murrah buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Buffalo mange is a contagious skin disease caused by a variety of parasitic mites burrowing in or living on the skin. A female Murrah buffalo was presented with a history of inappetence, sudden decrease in milk yield, bilateral lameness of forelimbs with local hair loss and pruritis. Skin scrapings examination revealed presence of both Sarcoptes and Psoroptes mites. A part of the skin scrapings inoculated on various culture media and stained by Gram’s staining showed gram positive cocci bacteria in clumps. Further identification of bacteria by various biochemical tests confirmed the presence of Staphylococcus aureus as a secondary invader. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed using eight different commonly used antibiotics. Haematology revealed reduced haemoglobin, PCV and TEC values, leucocytosis, neutrophilia and eosinophilia. The buffalo was treated with 1% Ivermectin at 200 µg/kg body weight, subcutaneously once a week for three weeks, Enrofloxacin at 5 mg/kg body weight, intramuscularly once a day for five days and Meloxicam at 0.5 mg/Kg body weight, once a day, intramuscularly for 5 days. Deltamethrin was also applied to the surrounding environment twice at a two week interval. The buffalo showed significant improvement after the treatment.
Movements in Parties : an Introduction Italy

When the United States activists called for people to Occupy#everywhere, it is unlikely they were thinking of the headquarters of the Italian centre-left party. Parties and movements are often considered to be worlds apart. In reality, parties have been relevant players in movement politics, and movements have influenced parties, often through the double militancy of many of their members. OccupyPD testifies to a continuous fluidity at the movement-party border, but also to a blockage in the party’s interactions with society that started long before the economic crisis but drastically accelerated with it. In this paper we present the OccupyPD Movement as a case of interaction between party politics and social movement politics, and in particular between the base membership of a centre-left party and the broader anti-austerity movement that diffused from the US to Europe adopting similar forms of actions and claims. Second, by locating it within the context of the economic and democratic crisis that erupted in 2007, we understand its emergence as a reaction towards politics in times of crisis of responsibility, by which we mean a drastic drop in the capacity of the government to respond to citizens’ requests. To fulfil this double aim, we bridge social movement studies with research on party change, institutional trust and democratic theory, looking at some political effects of the economic crisis in terms of a specific form of legitimacy crisis, as well as citizens’ responses to it, with a particular focus on the political meaning of recent anti-austerity protests. In this analysis, we refer to both quantitative and qualitative data from secondary literature and original indepth interviews carried out with a sample of OccupyPD activists.
Photosynthetic utilization of radiant energy by temperate lettuce grown under natural tropical condition with manipulation of root-zone temperature

Photosynthetic utilization of radiant energy was studied by chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence and maximum photosynthetic O2 evolution (Pmax) in temperate lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown under natural tropical fluctuating ambient temperatures but with their roots exposed to two different root-zone temperatures (RZTs): a constant 20 °C-RZT (RZT20) and a fluctuating ambient RZT (RZTa) from 23 to 40 °C. On a sunny day, irrespective of RZT, ∆F/Fm [ratio of the variable to maximal fluorescence under irradiation (the maximal photosystem 2 quantum yield with “actinic light”)] decreased and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) increased parallel to the increase of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). However, RZTa plants showed lower ∆F/Fm’ and higher NPQ than RZT20 plants. The electron transport rate (ETR) was much higher in RZT20 plants than in RZTa plants especially during moderately sunny days. There were no significant diurnal changes in Pmax although these values of RZT20 plants were much higher than those of RZTa plants. On cloudy days, no significant diurnal changes in ∆F/Fm’ and NPQ occurred, but ∆F/Fm’ was higher and NPQ was lower in RZT20 plants than in RZTa plants. Diurnal changes in ETR were also observed in all plants while Pmax values throughout the whole cloudy days in both RZT20 and RZTa plants were constant. Again, RZT20 plants had much higher values of Pmax than RZTa plants. During RZT transfer period, all Chl fluorescence parameters measured at midday fluctuated with PPFD. Impact of RZT on these parameters was observed 2–3 d after RZT transfer. ETR and Pmax measured with saturating PPFD in the laboratory did not vary with the fluctuating PPFD in the greenhouse but the effects of RZT on these two parameters were observed 3–4 d after RZT transfer. Thus RZT affects photosynthetic utilization of photon energy in temperate lettuce grown under natural tropical condition. Additional key words: chlorophyll fluorescence; electron transport rate; Lactuca sativa; maximum photosynthetic rate; non-photosynthetic quenching; root-zone temperature.
DEMONSTRATION OF AUTOMATED CFD PROCESS USING MESHLESS TECHNOLOGY

Meshless solvers show lot of promise in industrial computations involving complex geometries. One of the important reasons behind this hope is, generating a set of points, needed for the meshless solvers, is expected to be easier as compared to discretizing the domain into nonoverlapping volumes, as needed by the finite volume methodology. But till date, in the course of development of meshless methodologies, most of the significant works have assumed a point distribution from an established grid generator [1-4], with the exception of our earlier work [5], where the meshless solver LSFD-U (Upwind Least Squares Finite Difference method) is projected as a Cartesian grid method. Here the point distribution needed for the generalized finite difference solver LSFD-U is obtained from a hybrid Cartesian grid. This way, limitations of the Cartesian grids as applied to a classical finite volume solver, like the appearance of small cut cells, are obviated, while the advantage in terms of automation is retained. Therefore, the work presented here can be considered as the logical next step in evolution of the LSFD-U solver, where its potential in an automated CFD process is demonstrated.
Quantitative Evaluation of Various Preparations and Extracts of the Male Contraceptive Justicia gendarussa and Identification of a New Aminobenzyl Derivative

Justicia gendarussa Burm. F. (Acanthaceae) is a medicinal plant found in Sri-Lanka, India, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Indonesia [1]. Traditionally, the leaves have been used for many illnesses, including rheumatoid gout, arthritis, asthma, vaginal discharges, and headache [2–5], and their anti-inflammatory, analgesic [6], antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities [7] have also been reported. Particularly remarkable is the male fertility reducing activity of Mnatsakanyan MariamM et al. Quantitative Evaluation of Various . Planta Med Int Open 2018; 00: 00–00 Quantitative Evaluation of Various Preparations and Extracts of the Male Contraceptive Justicia gendarussa and Identification of a New Aminobenzyl Derivative
Entity Decisions in Neural Language Modelling: Approaches and Problems

We explore different approaches to explicit entity modelling in language models (LM). We independently replicate two existing models in a controlled setup, introduce a simplified variant of one of the models and analyze their performance in direct comparison. Our results suggest that today’s models are limited as several stochastic variables make learning difficult. We show that the most challenging point in the systems is the decision if the next token is an entity token. The low precision and recall for this variable will lead to severe cascading errors. Our own simplified approach dispenses with the need for latent variables and improves the performance in the entity yes/no decision. A standard well-tuned baseline RNN-LM with a larger number of hidden units outperforms all entity-enabled LMs in terms of perplexity.
Physico-Chemical Quality of Drinking Water in The Autumn Season of Tetova City , Macedonia

Water is the most essential product that is consumed by humans, which must be prevented from deterioration in quality. The quality of drinking water becomes even more important as water borne diseases spread through water. For this purpose, we assess the quality of drinking water in the city of Tetova with some physico-chemical parameters, which have a significant role in determining the potability of drinking water. The obtained results were compared with Macedonian standards as well as with those set by the WHO and the EU. In this research, parameters such as temperature, pH, EC, TRAE, TDS, COD, TOC, DOC, nitrates and chlorides were found to be within the permissible limits, while turbidity and residual chlorine in some cases were found to be below ore above the recommended limit. Finally, the Drinking Water Quality Index (DWQI) developed by Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment for fifteen sample points is calculated. It has been found that drinking water in the 2011 autumn season was of a Good category (average value of DWQI = 90.62) and suitable for drinking. We recommend that the relevant municipal authorities make regular and proper amount disinfection of drinking water, as there is no compromise that can be made when it comes to the drinking water.
Alazami syndrome in an Afghani girl: A case report and review of literature

Purpose: Alazami syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with core phenotypic manifestations of short stature, mild facial dysmorphism, and global developmental delay evolving to severe intellectual disability. Homozygous loss-of-function mutations in LARP7 gene, which encodes a chaperone protein of the noncoding RNA 7SK, have been detected in patients with Alazami syndrome. Since its fi rst description in 2012, only six families with Alazami syndrome have been reported to date. This case is reported to expand the phenotypic description to include small kidneys.