Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Galectin‐1 in regenerating motoneurons

The exogenous application of recombinant galectin‐1 has recently been shown to promote the rate of peripheral nerve regeneration. Endogenous neuronal galectin‐1 expression has recently been demonstrated to increase after axotomy. Here we demonstrate a significant increase in the endogenous neuronal expression of galectin‐1 mRNA in facial motoneurons after either a nerve resection or crush injury in mice. This increase in galectin‐1 expression was due in part to the loss of target‐derived factor(s) as indicated by both the return of galectin‐1 expression to control levels following target re‐innervation and the increase in galectin‐1 expression after blockade of axonal transport by an interneuronal colchicine injection. Furthermore, interneuronal injections of glial‐derived neurotrophic factor into the uninjured nerve also increased galectin‐1 mRNA expression within facial motoneurons suggesting that positive signals may also be involved in the regulation of galectin‐1 expression. Galectin‐1 null mutant mice showed an attenuated rate of functional recovery of whisking movement after a facial nerve crush.
Accessing Metropolitan Cancer Care Services

Abstract This study explored the practical needs of patients and their families travelling from rural areas in New South Wales, Australia to cities for cancer treatment. Practical needs were information, accommodation, transport, and economic impact. A cross—sectional design was employed; data were collected by questionnaire and focus group interviews. Findings showed that practical needs impacted on the ability of the patients and families to cope with diagnosis and treatment for cancer. The greatest unmet practical need of the patients and their families was for comprehensive information that is provided before travelling and by someone, for example, nurse or social worker who can help them decipher it if required.
Jointly Learning Structured Analysis Discriminative Dictionary and Analysis Multiclass Classifier

In this paper, we propose an analysis mechanism-based structured analysis discriminative dictionary learning analysis discriminative dictionary learning, framework. The ADDL seamlessly integrates ADDL, analysis representation, and analysis classifier training into a unified model. The applied analysis mechanism can make sure that the learned dictionaries, representations, and linear classifiers over different classes are independent and discriminating as much as possible. The dictionary is obtained by minimizing a reconstruction error and an analytical incoherence promoting term that encourages the subdictionaries associated with different classes to be independent. To obtain the representation coefficients, ADDL imposes a sparse <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$l_{2,1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm constraint on the coding coefficients instead of using <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$l_{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> or <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$l_{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm, since the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$l_{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>- or <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$l_{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm constraint applied in most existing DL criteria makes the training phase time consuming. The code-extraction projection that bridges data with the sparse codes by extracting special features from the given samples is calculated via minimizing a sparse code approximation term. Then we compute a linear classifier based on the approximated sparse codes by an analysis mechanism to simultaneously consider the classification and representation powers. Thus, the classification approach of our model is very efficient, because it can avoid the extra time-consuming sparse reconstruction process with trained dictionary for each new test data as most existing DL algorithms. Simulations on real image databases demonstrate that our ADDL model can obtain superior performance over other state of the arts.
Reply to comment by R. L. Lysak on “Improved basis set for low frequency plasma waves”

In a Comment, R. L. Lysak argues against the validity of Bellan (2012) on the grounds that this paper uses fluid rather than kinetic theory. The Comment invokes a commonly used method for reducing the 3×3 wave equation matrix to a 2×2 matrix which then gives approximate dispersion relations. In this Response, it is shown that the same 3×3 wave equation matrix can be obtained from fluid theory and certain mathematical inconsistencies in the method of analysis used in the Comment are identified. It is shown that the dispersion relation derived in Bellan (2012) provides a much better description of the experimental observations reported by Kletzing et al. (2003) than does the dispersion relation proposed in the Comment and in Lysak and Lotko (1996).
C-Band Single-Chip Radar Front-End in AlGaN/GaN Technology

This paper presents the design and measurement results of a single-chip front-end monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC), incorporating a high-power amplifier, transmit–receive switch, low-noise amplifier, and calibration coupler, realized in 0.25 $\mu \text{m}$ AlGaN/GaN-on-SiC MMIC technology of UMS (GH25-10). The MMIC is operating in C-band (5.2–5.6 GHz) and is targeting the next generation spaceborne synthetic aperture radar. The use of GaN technology has resulted in a design that is robust against antenna load variation in transmit as well as against high received power levels, without the need for an additional limiter. By including a transmit-receive switch on the MMIC there is no need for an external circulator, resulting in a significant size and weight reduction of the transmit–receive module. The measured output power in transmit is higher than 40 W with 36% PAE. The receive gain is higher than 31 dB with better than 2.4 dB noise figure. To the best of the author’s knowledge this is the first time such performance has been demonstrated for a single-chip implementation of a C-band transmit–receive front-end.
Ophthalmic diagnostic tests, orbital anatomy, and adnexal histology of the broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris).

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to establish normal ophthalmic parameters for selected diagnostic tests, and to describe the orbital anatomy and adnexal histology of the broad-snouted caiman. METHOD A total of 35 Caiman latirostris that were free of obvious ocular diseases were used to measure the parameters in this investigation. Ages ranged from 5 to 15 years. Ophthalmic diagnostic tests were conducted, including evaluation of tear production with Schirmer Tear test-1 (STT1), culture of the conjunctival bacterial flora, applanation tonometry, conjunctival cytology, nictiating membrane incursion frequency test (NMIFT), endodontic absorbent paper point tear test (EAPPTT), palpebral fissure length measurement (PFL) and B-mode ultrasonography. Adnexal histology and skull samples were studied. RESULTS Mean (±SD) STT1 was 3.4 ± 3.6 mm/min (95% confidence interval of 2.01-4.78 mm/min), intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12.9 ± 6.2 mmHg, NMIFT was 6.0 ± 3.5, EAPPTT was 17.1 ± 2.5 mm/min, PFL was 28.9 ± 3.0 mm, anterior chamber depth was 3.1 ± 0.3 mm, lens axial length was 8.4 ± 0.6 mm, vitreous chamber depth was 7.9 ± 0.7 mm and axial globe length was 19.9 ± 1.3 mm. For all animals evaluated, Bacillus sp. , Diphteroids and Staphylococcus sp. were predominant.
Intestinal helminthiasis and urinary schistosomiasis in some villages of Ijebu North, Ogun State, Nigeria

Intestinal helminthiasis and urinary schistosomiasis were studied between April and December, 2002, in six villages of Ijebu North Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria. Faecal samples from 199 subjects were examined using direct smear and brine concentration methods. Urine samples were tested for haematuria and proteinuria using diagnostic reagent strips. Three helminthic parasites were identified in the faecal samples; Ascaris lumbricoides (62.8%), hookworm (16.6%) and Schistosoma haematobium (2.5%). None of the parasites was sex-dependent. A. lumbricoides had ³50% prevalence in all the age groups. The more common mixed infection was A. lumbricoides and hookworm (22.5%). The prevalences of haematuria and proteinuria were 7.5% and 15.7%, respectively. After single dose levamisole treatment, 16.8% of the subjects with intestinal helminths voided and submitted A. lumbridoides adult worms. Key Words: Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Schistosoma haematobium, haematuria, proteinuria, levamisole, Nigeria. African Jnl Biotechnology Vol.3(3) 2004: 206-209
Influence of roughage/concentrate ratio and linseed oil on the concentration of trans-fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid in duodenal chyme and milk fat of late lactating cows

Abstract The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of two roughage-to-concentrate ratios, with or without linseed oil supplementation, on the flow of fatty acids in the intestinal chyme and the secretion in milk fat in late lactating cows. Seven late lactating cows fitted with cannulae in the dorsal rumen and simple T-shaped cannulae in the proximal duodenum were randomly assigned to four experimental periods applying an incomplete replicated 2×2 Latin square design. The rations consisted of meadow hay and a concentrate mixture given in a ratio of 70 : 30 or 30 : 70 on dry matter basis. The basal rations were fed without or with 200 g linseed oil daily. After three weeks of adaptation, samples from the duodenal chyme were taken to study the flow of fatty acids. Additionally, milk samples were analysed for their milk fat composition. Decreasing roughage/concentrate ratio and linseed oil supplementation significantly increased the flow of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), trans-fatty acids (tFA) and conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) in the duodenum. Furthermore, linseed oil increased the flow of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in the duodenum. Higher concentrate portion (H 30) and linseed oil supplementation significantly decreased the milk fat content. SFA were lower (p < 0.05) and MUFA were higher (p < 0.05) in milk fat after linseed oil supplementation; H 30 resulted in more polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, p < 0.05) in the milk. Linseed oil supplementation significantly increased tFA and CLA in milk fat. The higher CLA content in milk fat as compared to that in the digesta suggests that a substantial endogenous synthesis of CLA in the mammary gland tissue through Δ9-desaturase took place. Between 21% and 48% of duodenal t11-C18:1 were converted into c9, t11-CLA in milk fat.
Induction of differentiation and growth arrest associated with nascent (nonoligosomal) DNA fragmentation and reduced c-myc expression in MCF-7 human breast tumor cells after continuous exposure to a sublethal concentration of doxorubicin.

The effects on DNA integrity of continuous (72-h) exposure of human MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells to 50 nM doxorubicin (a concentration which can be maintained in the plasma by continuous infusion) were characterized by bisbenzimide spectrofluorophotometry, cell flow cytometry, agarose gel electrophoresis, and neutral elution. Spectrofluorophotometry and cell flow cytometry indicated the presence of DNA fragmentation, which was maximal at 24 h. Resolution of these fragments on agarose gels failed to demonstrate "laddered" oligosomal profiles. Neutral elution analysis at 24 h indicated that doxorubicin induced fragmentation of nascent, but not mature, double-stranded DNA. Drug-treated cells exhibited endoreduplication and significant shifts in cell cycle distribution, (i.e., increased G0/G1 and G2/M fractions and a markedly reduced S-phase fraction). These alterations occurred without inhibiting the incorporation of [3H]dThd into cellular DNA; in fact, both the rate and magnitude of [3H]dThd incorporation increased progressively. Doxorubicin also produced a sustained decline in c-myc mRNA levels that paralleled both growth arrest and induction of DNA fragmentation. Ultrastructural examination revealed morphological alterations consistent with the induction of differentiation (e.g., increased lipid content and mitochondrial density, appearance of tight junctions, and secretory ducts) and further suggested the possibility of autocatalysis (e.g., lipofuschin-containing vacuoles). A gradual decline in cell number was observed, with loss of approximately 35% of the cell population after 72 h. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Subjective Postural Vertical Determined in Patients with Pusher Behavior During Standing

Background: The subjective postural vertical (SPV), i.e., the perceived upright orientation of the body in relation to gravity, is disturbed in patients with pusher behavior. So far, the SPV has been measured only when these patients were sitting, and the results were contradictory as regards the side of the SPV deviation. Objective: The objective was to investigate the SPV in patients with different degrees of severity of pusher behavior while standing. Methods: Eight stroke patients with pusher behavior, ten age-matched stroke patients without pusher behavior, and ten age-matched healthy control subjects were included. The SPV (SPV error, SPV range) was assessed in the pitch and the roll planes. Pusher behavior was classified with the Burke Lateropulsion Scale (BLS). Results: In the pitch plane, the SPV range was significantly larger in pusher patients than in patients without pusher behavior or healthy controls. The SPV error was similar for groups. In the roll plane, the SPV error and the SPV range were significantly larger and more ipsilesionally tilted in the pusher group than in the other two groups. There was a significant correlation between the SPV error in the roll plane and the BLS score. Conclusions: The study revealed that patients with pusher behavior had an ipsilesional SPV tilt that decreased with decreasing severity of the behavior. The large uncertainty in verticality estimation in both planes indicates that their sensitivity for the perception of verticality in space is generally disturbed. These findings emphasize the importance of specific rehabilitation approaches to recalibrate the impaired inner model of verticality.
Impacts of anthropogenic disturbances at deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystems : A review

Deep-sea hydrothermal-vent ecosystems have stimulated decades of scien tific research and hold prom ise of m ineral and genetic resources that also serve societal needs. Some endem ic taxa thrive only in vent environments, and vent-associated organisms are adapted to a variety of natural disturbances, from tidal variations to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. In this paper, physicochem ical and biological impacts of a range of human activities at vents are considered. Mining is currently the only anthropogenic activity projected to have a major impact on vent ecosystems, albeit at a local scale, based on our current understanding of ecological responses to disturbance. Natural recovery from a single m ining event depends on immigration and larval recruitment and colon ization ; understanding processes and dynam ics influencing life-history stages may be a key to effective m inim ization and m itigation of m ining impacts. Cumulative impacts on benthic communit ies of several m ining projects in a single region, w ithout proper management, include possible species extinctions and shifts in community structure and funct ion. Ó 2014 The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
Folliculotropic Sézary syndrome: a new variant of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma

SIR, The new WHO–EORTC (World Health Organization– European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer) classification system for cutaneous lymphomas incorporates a follicular variant of mycosis fungoides. Although it is considered a variant of classic mycosis fungoides, it is discussed separately because of its distinct clinicopathological features. These features include the marked folliculotropism of lymphocytes, clinically resulting in follicular papules, cysts or alopecia. This variant of mycosis fungoides has been reported to have a more aggressive clinical course than classic mycosis fungoides and to be frequently refractory to standard therapies. Prognostic studies have shown 5and 10-year survival rates of 64% and 14%, respectively, similar to tumour-stage mycosis fungoides. Sézary syndrome is the leukaemic phase of mycosis fungoides and also has a poor prognosis, with medial survival of 2–3 years. We report the clinical and histopathological features of two patients from our multidisciplinary cutaneous lymphoma clinic with a condition we refer to as folliculotropic Sézary syndrome.
Profiles of childhood trauma: Betrayal, frequency, and psychological distress in late adolescence.

OBJECTIVE With an emphasis on betrayal trauma, this study used latent profile analysis to examine how childhood traumas co-occur and whether trauma patterns differentially predicted psychological distress. METHOD A community sample of 806 adolescents and young adults participated. Youths reported their trauma histories, and lifetime DSM-IV disorders were assessed using a structured diagnostic interview. RESULTS Latent profile analysis yielded 5 profiles: high betrayal trauma physical violence and emotional abuse (HBTPE), high betrayal trauma sexual and emotional abuse (HBTSE), low betrayal trauma (LBT), parent death (PD), and a no/low trauma profile. Logistic regression analyses compared youths in the no/low trauma profile to those in the trauma profiles. Youths in the HBTPE profile were more likely to have moderate/severe major depressive disorder (odds ratio [OR] = 2.92, 95% CI [1.16, 7.32]), posttraumatic stress disorder (OR = 4.33, 95% CI [1.34, 14.03]), and hallucinations (OR = 5.03, 95% CI [2.00, 12.67]); youths in the HBTSE and LBT profiles were more likely to experience hallucinations (OR = 3.19, 95% CI [1.21, 8.39] and OR = 3.20, 95% CI [1.01, 10.19], respectively); and youths in the PD profile were more likely to have moderate/severe depression (OR = 2.42, 95% CI [1.07, 5.43]). CONCLUSIONS Specific trauma types co-occurred when considering type, level of betrayal, and frequency. The emergence of the 2 high betrayal trauma profiles, with differing symptom presentations, suggests that experiences of high betrayal traumas are not homogenous and specific trauma-focused interventions may be more appropriate for differing trauma profiles.
The Information Needs of Breast Cancer Patients in Hong Kong and Their Levels of Satisfaction With the Provision of Information

Background: Information is vital for patients in overcoming cancer and making decisions about their treatment plans, but little is known about the information needs of Chinese breast cancer patients and their satisfaction with the information provided. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to examine the priority of information needs perceived by participants and the demographic and clinical factors that affect the priority of information needs such as prioritization, the utilization of and satisfaction with different sources of information, and satisfaction with the information provided by health care professionals. Methods: A self-administered survey was used, including sources of information, an Information Needs Questionnaire-Chinese version, and patients' satisfaction with the information provided by health care professionals. Results: Participants (n = 374) ranked the likelihood of cure, spread of the disease, and treatment options as the 3 most important information needs. They had mostly been using the information sources available in the hospital. Despite health care professionals being ranked as a highly satisfying source of information, participants perceived different levels of satisfaction with the various types of information provided. Conclusion: Participants perceived information about the illness itself and about treatment as most important. They preferred to use sources available in the hospital, but the satisfaction rates associated with information provided by health care professionals were relatively low. Implications for Practice: This study provides useful information about what patients really want to know and a potential basis for developing more effective models to deliver information and support to breast cancer patients. Identification of the actual needs of these patients can produce better resource allocation and provide health services more efficiently to meet those needs.
Abortive infection of the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus in Sf-9 cells after mutation of the putative DNA helicase gene

Homologous recombination between the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) genome and a 0.6-kbp-long DNA fragment derived from the putative DNA helicase gene of Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus generates eh2-AcNPV, an expanded-host-range AcNPV mutant (S. Maeda, S.G. Kamita, and A. Kondo, J. Virol. 67:6234-6238, 1993). After inoculation at a high multiplicity of infection (MOI), eh2-AcNPV replicates efficiently in both the Sf-9 (AcNPV-permissive) and BmN (non-AcNPV-permissive) cell lines. In this study, we found that after the inoculation of Sf-9 cells at a low MOI (i.e., 1 and 0.1 PFU per cell), the release of eh2-AcNPV virions was dramatically reduced (approximately 900- and 10,000-fold, respectively, at 72 h postinoculation) compared with that of wild-type AcNPV. In addition, the titer of eh2-AcNPV determined by plaque assay on Sf-9 cells was approximately 200-fold lower than that determined by plaque assay on BmN cells. Analyses of gene expression and viral DNA replication after low-MOI eh2-AcNPV inoculation of Sf-9 cells indicated that viral early genes were expressed normally. However, DNA replication and late-gene expression were significantly reduced. These findings suggested that abortive infection occurred at the stage of viral DNA replication in nearly all low-MOI eh2-AcNPV-infected Sf-9 cells. In the larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda, the organism from which Sf-9 cells are derived, the infectivity of eh2-AcNPV was lower than that of AcNPV; however, abortive infection was not found.
The adoption of high involvement work practices in Canadian nursing homes.

PURPOSE The objective of the research is to assess the degree of adoption of high-involvement nursing work practices in long-term care organizations. It seeks to determine the organizational and workplace factors that are associated with the uptake/adoption of ten selected human resource high-involvement employee work practices. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH A survey questionnaire was sent to 300 long-term care organizations (nursing homes) in western Canada. Results from 125 nursing home establishments (43 percent response rate) are reported herein. FINDINGS Of the ten high-involvement nursing work practices examined, employee suggestion and recognition systems are the most widely adopted by homes in the sample, while shared governance and incentive/merit-base pay are used by a small minority of establishments. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The uptake of high-involvement nursing work practices is not adopted in a haphazard fashion. Their uptake is variously associated with a number of establishment and workplace factors, including the presence of a supportive and enabling workplace culture. ORIGINALITY/VALUE The objective of this research is to examine the extent and degree of adoption of high involvement work practices in a sample of long-term care establishments operating in the four provinces of western Canada.