Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Best Practice when Working with Women with Serious Mental Illness in Pregnancy

Introduction The current literature highlights that the key treatment and management of women with psychosis is with atypical antipsychotic medications. However, many clinicians lack the knowledge and confidence in the management of the woman who is pregnant or planning to be, whilst taking antipsychotic medication. To maintain her optimal mental health status they require access to the most current evidence at the time when decisions must be made about ongoing care. Clinicians who provide care for this vulnerable group of women, their families and their babies during pregnancy, birth and postpartum encompasses those in both maternity and mental health services. They work in a variety of different ways with their clients, however most recognise that they work to achieve the best outcome for both mother and baby, but struggle at times to know how best to achieve this because working with this group of women requires specialist skills and knowledge. Method A qualitative descriptive design, using semi structured interviews to explore and describe the experiences of clinicians in three health care settings in Victoria, Australia was adopted. The emergent themes related to the current management, issues and problems that arise for clinicians, particularly in relation to the management of medications. Findings An optimal outcome was described by clinicians as ‘both mother and baby were well and healthy and that mother and baby developed a good bond and who remain together as a family’. Clinicians are clearly concerned that harm could be caused particularly to the baby, with the use of medications. Clinicians ask ‘can we really use that? ’ and state that ‘we just don’t know! ’ Discussion Clearly there is a need for further education of all clinicians in the management of women with serious mental illness during pregnancy and postpartum. Particularly important is the need for development of a specialist clinician to act as the key professional in initiating and maintaining care and contact with women and their clinicians. A Perinatal Mental Health Nurse Practitioner would be available to work with women in both services and to act as a professional resource for clinicians in providing the optimal care for women and their babies.
An empirical investigation of the consumer demand for digital television application services

In the era of convergence of digital television (DTV) broadcasting and internet, DTV application services will be the key to success. Through theoretical and empirical analysis, this study showed that the integrated model which includes basic products/services, value-added services, interactive services, and behavioural intention is applicable to explain consumer's demands of DTV application services. Results indicated that value-added services is the most important factor affecting the behavioural intention to adopt DTV application services, while interactive services is the best way to create consumer's emotional value. In addition, this study also provided some impetus for both researchers and practitioners.
Concerns about unwholesome packaged food in Ghana: the case of Mampong municipality

Concerns about the flow of low quality and unwholesome packaged products into the Ghanaian food markets have triggered national discourse on effectiveness of food safety measures. Given the huge task involved and the complexity of the food distribution system, government and other stakeholders have increased their awareness campaigns through the mainstream media urging consumers to be vigilant. The study applies logistic model to analyse the demographic and socio-economic factors that explain consumers’ levels of concerns about quality standards of packaged foods following the nationwide campaigns to draw implications on depth of awareness outreach of such campaigns. Levels of education, place of residence, access to food safety information and income levels statistically explain consumers concerns about food safety standards. This indicates that the poor and more deprived consumers are the most likely to suffer from unwholesome foods. These results imply that mainstream media campaigns are less effective in depth of outreach.
Effects of a health promotion and fall prevention program in elderly individuals participating in interaction groups

Introduction Falls in elderly people are an increasing public health problem resulting in high costs to health services. Thus, it is essential to invest in the development of actions and programs focused on decreasing such risks. Objective To verify the effects of a program of health promotion and prevention of falls in relation to balance and functional abilities in elderly people participating in interaction groups in Caxias do Sul City, RS State. Materials and methods For this purpose, 14 elderly people were selected for assessment and reassessment through the following instruments: the Barthel Index, Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and a questionnaire to characterize the sample. Over the course of 2 months, group activities were conducted in a multi-sensory and proprioceptive circuit with a frequency of 2 times per week, totaling 14 meetings. Results The average age of participants was about 72 years old, mostly women (78.6%); 64.3% of them had experienced falls, and 92.9% had already practiced physical activities. After the intervention, there was an average increase of 9.14 points in the BBS (p = 0.000) and an average reduction of 4.4 seconds in gait speed on the TUG test (p = 0.000). Conclusion The application of the proposed program resulted in increasing balance and gait performance of the elderly, reducing the risk of falls.
Adaptive training interfaces for less-experienced, elderly users of electronic devices

A great number of complex electronic devices are now part of our everyday lives. While many of us learn to handle these products by trial and error; others, especially older users with little experience in using electronic devices, need support. In order to allow the user maximum flexibility in terms of learning time and location, a training programme is presented which is implemented as part of the software embedded in the product itself. Particular focus is placed on the effect of adaptive training on learning. In this study, the training versions differed in their ability to adjust their complexity to the user's experience (adaptive user interface complexity) and their capability to support the learner by prompting them during the learning process (adaptive training advice). The results show that the adjustment of complexity had a positive effect on users’ experience: elderly users who trained with an adaptive interface were more successful in learning to use a mobile phone. Adaptive training advice, however, was found to have no significant effects on learners’ success and reduced their self-efficacy. This work offers guidelines on how to design integrated training applications for electronic devices that successfully help elderly users with little prior experience.
Reepithelialization of Mid-dermal Porcine Burns After Rapid Enzymatic Debridement With Debrase®

Reepithelialization of mid-dermal burns is delayed by the presence of a layer of necrotic eschar. The authors hypothesized that rapid selective debridement using an enzymatic bromelain-based preparation, Debrase®, would speed reepithelialization. Forty mid-dermal burns (2.5 × 2.5 cm) were created on the back and flanks of two anesthetized domestic pigs (25 kg) using an aluminum bar (150 g) preheated in hot water (80°C) and applied for 20 seconds. The burns were randomized to a 4-hour topical application of Debrase® (n = 20) or its vehicle (n = 20) followed by daily application of a petrolatum-based triple antibiotic. Wounds were visualized and photographed daily for evidence of reepithelialization. Reepithelialization was considered complete when the entire wound was opaque and dry when blotted with tissue paper. 4-mm full-thickness biopsies were obtained for histological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin staining by a board-certified dermatopathologist masked to the burn therapy at 7, 9, 11, and 13 days after injury. The primary outcome was time to complete reepithelialization of the burns. Secondary outcomes were the percentage of burns that were reepithelialized at days 7, 11, and 13 and the mean percentage reepithelialization on microscopic analysis. A sample of 20 burns in each group had 80% power to detect a 2-day difference in the time to complete reepithelialization (two-tailed, P < .05). Application of Debrase®, but not the control vehicle, resulted in dissolution of the necrotic upper dermis in all treated burns. The mean time to complete reepithelialization was faster for Debrase®-treated (7.4 ± 0.8 days) than control-treated (9.1 ± 2.1 days) burns: difference, 1.7 days (95% confidence interval, 0.5–2.9). The percentage of completely reepithelialized Debrase®- and control-treated burns were day 7, 65.0 vs 25.0% (P = .02); day 9, 80.0 vs 40.0% (P = .02); and day 11, 100.0 vs 92.0% (P = .45). Treatment of mid-dermal porcine burns with a single topical application of Debrase® results in earlier wound reepithelialization.
Spectroscopic and molecular simulation studies on the interaction of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and human serum albumin.

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as a plasticizer in industrial production, but may have a potential health risk. In this study, the binding characteristics of DEHP with human serum albumin (HSA) in aqueous solution at pH 7.4 were determined using UV/vis absorption, fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD), along with a molecular simulation technique. Analysis of the fluorescence titration data at different temperatures suggested that the fluorescence quenching mechanism of HSA by DEHP was static. The calculated thermodynamic parameters indicated that hydrophobic forces played a predominant role in formation of the DEHP-HSA complex, but hydrogen bonds could not be omitted. Site marker competitive experiments and denaturation studies showed that the binding of DEHP to HSA primarily took place in subdomain IIA of HSA, and molecular docking results further corroborated the binding sites. The synchronous fluorescence, UV/vis absorption, FTIR and CD spectra revealed that the addition of DEHP induced changes in the secondary structure of HSA. Protein surface hydrophobicity (PSH) tests indicated that DEHP binding to HSA caused an increase in the PSH. Moreover, the effects of some metal ions on the binding constant of DEHP - HSA interaction were also investigated.
Inflammatory and Protein Metabolism Signaling Responses in Human Skeletal Muscle After Burn Injury

Severe burn injuries lead to a prolonged hypercatabolic state resulting in dramatic loss of skeletal muscle mass. Postburn muscle loss is well documented but the molecular signaling cascade preceding atrophy is not. The purpose of this study is to determine the response to burn injury of signaling pathways driving muscle inflammation and protein metabolism. Muscle biopsies were collected in the early flow phase after burn injury from the vastus lateralis of a noninjured leg in patients with 20 to 60% TBSA burns and compared with uninjured, matched controls. Circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines were also compared. Immunoblotting was performed to determine the protein levels of key signaling components for translation initiation, proteolysis, and tumor necrosis factor/nuclear factor kappa B (NF&kgr;B)and interleukin (IL)-6/STAT3 signaling. Burn subjects had significantly higher levels of circulating proinflammatory cytokines, with no difference in muscle STAT3 activity and lower NF&kgr;B activity. No differences were found in any translational signaling components. Regarding proteolytic signaling in burn, calpain-2 was 47% higher, calpastatin tended to be lower, and total ubiquitination was substantially higher. Surprisingly, a systemic proinflammatory response 3 to 10 days postburn did not lead to elevated muscle STAT3 or NF&kgr;B signaling. Signaling molecules governing translation initiation were unaffected, whereas indices of calcium-mediated proteolysis and ubiquitin-proteasome activity were upregulated. These novel findings are the first in humans to suggest that the net catabolic effect of burn injury in skeletal muscle (ie, atrophy) may be mediated, at least during the early flow phase, almost entirely by an increased proteolytic activity in the absence of suppressed protein synthesis signaling.
Understanding the continuance use of social network sites: a computer self-efficacy perspective

Based on social cognitive theory and the balanced thinking–feelings model, this study proposes a research model to examine the different roles of general computer self-efficacy (CSE) and specific CSE. The research model was tested with a survey of university students in Singapore in the Facebook context. It is found that while general CSE affects continuance intention through both cognition and affection, specific CSE mainly affects continuance intention through cognition. It is also found that general computer experience affects general CSE only and specific computer experience affects specific CSE only.
Determinants of online safety behaviour: towards an intervention strategy for college students

How can young adults be motivated to enact security precautions? Communication about the risks of Internet use or online safety communication is a context in which personal responsibility is especially salient. The present research builds on Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) to examine the role of a previously unexplored variable, personal responsibility, in the protective behaviour of college students. Two studies are reported here. In the first (N = 565), the relationship of personal responsibility to safe (i.e. protective) online behaviour is tested in relationship to standard PMT variables. A multiple regression analysis of survey data shows that personal responsibility explained additional variance in protective behaviour after accounting for the effects of traditional threat and coping appraisal variables. Building on this, the second study (N = 206) examines the possibility of influencing personal responsibility through an intervention and experimental manipulation among college students. The experimental manipulation of personal responsibility found evidence of a causal relationship between personal responsibility and protective behaviour in the college student sample. Interactions with pre-existing levels of safety involvement and self-efficacy were uncovered. Based on the results, strategies for targeted online safety interventions are suggested.
Demystifying ‘selfie’: a rampant social media activity

ABSTRACT ‘Selfie’, the Oxford Dictionary’s word of the year in 2013, has been gaining popularity as a global phenomenon and its usage is growing with technological advancements in front-facing cameras and photo-editing software. Earlier studies hold a lopsided view of either criticising selfies as ‘vain’ and ‘narcissist’ or appreciate them as ‘feel good’ for ‘positive identity formation’. The current study intends to take a fresh look at the act and explores reasons and motivators of young college students in India, as they take selfies and traces the usage pattern and its likely relationship with the motivators of selfie-taking. Qualitative data were gathered through a focused group discussion conducted among graduate students with an average of 23.5 years who volunteered to participate in the discussion. Results show that male and female students have varying reasons for taking selfies and it is often an act of fun and assertion of one’s right to ‘self-depiction’. Selfies have a life-cycle which ends after they receive reviews on the social media platform. Results from the study can aid policy-makers in India and theoretically add to the nascent field of literature in the area.
Brain CT Findings in First Episode Depression in Older Adults

Introduction: Different studies reported the strong relationship between cerebrovascular changes (CVC) and depression. Moreover, many researchers tried to correlate between the pathogenesis and location of the CVC and severity of depression. Methods: In this study we looked for the possibility of presence of CVC in patients with an age ranging from 60 - 75 years, presented to psychiatric clinics and hospitals in Hail, Saudi Arabia and diagnosed for the first time with depression. All patients have been diagnosed neither with cerebral attacks (CA) nor with depression. A cross sectional study was done on 149 patients. Hamilton rating scale (HRS) for depression was used to evaluate the severity of depression before staring any treatment. National institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS) was applied for all the patients to exclude any possibility of CA. Brain CT was done to all patients to detect an evidence of CVC. Results: According to the CT findings, the patients were divided into four groups: Group 1 with normal CT findings; Group 2 with ischemic changes; Group 3 with single lacunar infraction; and Group 4 with multiple lacunar infarctions. After analyzing the results and correlating the severity of depression and CT findings in the four different groups we found significance in the correlation between severity of depression and the presence of minor strokes. Conclusions: A first episode of depression in older adult patients may indicate the presence of minor or silent stroke or CA.
What is the role of IT in innovation? A bibliometric analysis of research development in IT innovation

ABSTRACT With the wide diffusion of information technology (IT) in our daily life and work, it is clear that product innovation and service innovation have more and more connection with IT, and IT has become an important tool or component in innovation. The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into future studies pertaining to this area by investigating the research development of IT innovation using bibliometric analysis. The status of IT innovation study is analysed through citation analysis with the help of CiteSpace. Influential references, hot topics, top-tier journals and important institutes are all detected, and the intellectual structure of recent studies is also mapped in this study, and we find that research on IT innovation is mainly from two directions, innovation study group and information systems study group. Finally, we follow the logic of Nambisan [2013. “Information Technology and Product/Service Innovation: A Brief Assessment and Some Suggestions for Future Research. ” Journal of the Association for Information Systems 14 (4): 215–226] to explore the relationship between IT and innovation through reviewing papers in the top journals in this field. We find that most studies treat IT as an enabler of innovation. Although some recent studies try to pay attention to the role of IT as a trigger for innovation and give some rationale for the IT–innovation relationship, further studies are still required to uncover the trigger effect mechanism.
Exploring extraneous cognitive load in an instructional process via the web conferencing system

ABSTRACT This study, based on an online instruction via the web conferencing system, explores extraneous cognitive load and its influence on the learning process. Sixty-two sophomore students who enrolled in an online introductory programming course participated in the study. An observation form was used to analyse the course records in video format. Interviews with selected participants were conducted in order to clarify the students’ behaviours during the instructional process. The results indicated that the extraneous cognitive load elements (coherence, redundancy, modality, signalling, and temporal-spatial contiguity) influenced the instructional process. The results suggested that, in web conferencing systems extraneous cognitive load appeared not only from design features of multimedia materials but also the delivery settings. Future work is needed to put forward the influences of the load elements caused in various platforms. The implications and suggestions for instructors who plan to design and teach online courses via web conferencing were also provided.
Hereditary ovarian cancer in Poland

There is increasing evidence that hereditary factors play a greater role in ovarian cancer than in any of the other common cancers of adulthood. This is attributable, to a large extent, to a high frequency of mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. In Poland, 3 common founder mutations in BRCA1 account for the majority of families with identified BRCA mutations. Our study was conducted in order to estimate the prevalence of any of 3 founder BRCA1 mutations (5382insC, C61G and 4153delA) in 364 unselected women with ovarian cancer, and among 177 women with ovarian cancer and a family history of breast or ovarian cancer. A mutation was identified in 49 out of 364 unselected women with ovarian cancer (13.5%) and in 58 of 177 women with familial ovarian cancer (32.8%). The majority of women with ovarian cancer and a BRCA1 mutation have no family history of breast or ovarian cancer. The high frequency of BRCA1 mutations in Polish women with ovarian cancer supports the recommendation that all Polish women with ovarian cancer should be offered testing for genetic susceptibility, and that counseling services be made available to them and to their relatives. It is important that mutation surveys be conducted in other countries prior to the introduction of national genetic screening programs. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microbiome and mucosal inflammation as extra-articular triggers for rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmunity

Purpose of reviewDespite the progress toward understanding the molecular pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), its cause remains elusive. Genes are important but rather insufficient to explain the majority of RA cases. This review describes the novel data supporting the microbiome and its interactions with the human host as potential en(‘in’)vironmental factors in RA pathogenesis. Recent findingsAnimal models of inflammatory arthritis have shown that the presence of bacteria in mucosal surfaces is sufficient to alter local and systemic host immune responses and elicit joint inflammation. Human RA studies have focused on three mucosal sites: the gut, the gingiva, and the respiratory tree. The oral microbiome, and specifically Porphyromonas gingivalis, has long been implicated. Novel sequencing technologies have allowed investigations into the role of the gut microbiome in the development of autoimmune arthritis. Most recently, the pulmonary parenchyma has also been described as yet another possible mucosal site of initiation of autoimmunity in RA. SummaryEmerging data implicate the microbiome in RA pathogenesis. Mucosal sites exposed to a high load of bacterial antigens – such as the periodontium, lung, and gut – may represent the initial site of autoimmune generation. If validated, these findings could lead to the discovery of potential biomarkers and therapeutic approaches in the preclinical and clinical phases of RA.