Ingestão alimentar após cirurgia bariátrica: uma análise dos macronutrientes e adequação dos grupos alimentares à pirâmide específica

EnglishIntroduction: The failure of clinical treatment for weight loss has made bariatric surgery an effective treatment for obestandard in bariatric surgery. The objective of the study is to analyze the macronutrient intake in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery, as well as to compare the consumption of the different food groups with the specific pyramid. Methods: 106 patients were selected, operated from 2007 to 2014, in multidisciplinary follow-up at a center of excellence in bariatric surgery, located in Curitiba-PR, Brazil. Demographic and clinical data, laboratory tests, anthropometric and dietary data, were collected. The analysis of characterization of the sample was performed from descriptive statistical analysis and for the percentage distribution of macronutrients was used the Dirichlet Regression model. Results: By analyzing the specific food pyramid, it was observed that the mean values of protein, fruit and vegetable consumption were within the recommended values. The average consumption of grains and cereals was above ideal from the sixth month, increasing the prevalence of inadequacy at 12 months. Discussion: The appearance of intolerances after bariatric surgery may favor the increase of carbohydrate consumption, since it acceptance and digestibility are easier. Conclusion: It was observed that, although the quality of feeding improved after 6 months postoperatively. However, after this period, there was a tendency to return to the preoperative food pattern. portuguesIntroducao: O insucesso do tratamento clinico para perda de peso fez com que a cirurgia bariatrica se tornasse tratamento alternativo para a obesidade. A tecnica do Bypass gastrico em Y-de-Roux e atualmente considerada padrao ouro. Devido as alteracoes anatomicas e fisiologicas, ha modificacao da ingestao alimentar no pos-operatorio. O objetivo do estudo e analisar a ingestao de macronutrientes no pos-operatorio de cirurgia bariatrica, assim como comparar o consumo dos diversos grupos alimentares com as recomendacoes da pirâmide especifica. Metodologia: Foram selecionados 106 pacientes de um Centro de Excelencia em cirurgia bariatrica, localizado em Curitiba-PR, Brasil, operados entre 2007 e 2014. Foram coletados dados demograficos, dados antropometricos e dieteticos. Alem de analise estatistica descritiva, foi utilizado o modelo de Regressao de Dirichlet. Resultados: Analisando o consumo alimentar comparado as recomendacoes da pirâmide alimentar especifica, observou-se que os valores medios de consumo de proteinas, frutas e hortalicas estavam dentro dos valores recomendados, ja o consumo medio de graos e cereais estava acima do ideal a partir de 6 meses, aumentando a prevalencia de inadequacao aos 12 meses. Discussao: O aparecimento de intolerâncias apos a cirurgia bariatrica pode favorecer o aumento do consumo de carboidratos, cujo a aceitacao e a digestibilidade sao mais faceis. Conclusao: Observou-se que apesar da qualidade da alimentacao ter melhorado ate os 6 meses de pos-operatorio, apos esse periodo, houve uma tendencia a alimentacao do pre operatorio.