Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seismicity and tectonics of the South Shetland Islands and Bransfield Strait from a regional broadband seismograph deployment

[1] We investigate the tectonics of the South Shetland Trench and Bransfield Strait by performing a detailed study of local seismicity. During 1997–1999 we deployed seven land seismometers and 14 ocean bottom seismometers in the South Shetland Island region. The data we obtained indicate a high level of local seismicity (mb 2–5), and we accurately located ∼150 earthquakes. Many of the earthquakes occur at locations and depths indicative of ongoing subduction in the South Shetland trench. A focal mechanism for the largest event in the forearc indicates shallow angle thrusting. The maximum depth of seismicity is ∼65 km, but the majority of the events are shallower than 30 km. These seismic results are consistent with recent magnetic, GPS, and multichannel seismic reflection data that suggest continued subduction at a very slow rate. The South Shetland trench thus represents an extreme end-member of hot subduction resulting from slow convergence of young lithosphere, and the absence of intermediate depth earthquakes is consistent with thermal assimilation of the slab at shallow depths. We have located many earthquakes associated with volcanism and rifting in Bransfield Strait. A swarm of events near a submarine volcano suggests current magmatic activity. A normal faulting focal mechanism in the northeastern part of the strait gives evidence of extension. Earthquakes associated with rifting in the northeastern portion of the strait are clustered along well-established rifts, but the seismicity is much more diffuse to the southwest. This observation is consistent with other evidence that extension has propagated from northeast to southwest.
The use of mathematics in economics and its effect on a scholar's academic career

There has been so much debate on the increasing use of formal methods in Economics. Although there are some studies tackling these issues, those use either a little amount of papers, a small amount of scholars or a short period of time. We try to overcome these challenges constructing a database characterizing the main socio-demographic and academic output of a survey of 438 scholars divided into three groups: Economics Nobel Prize winners; scholars awarded with at least one of six worldwide prestigious economics recognitions; and academic faculty randomly selected from the top twenty economics departments. We give statistical evidence on the increasing trend of number of equations and econometric outputs per article, showing that for each of these variables there have been four structural breaks and three of them have been increasing ones. Therefore, we provide concrete measures of mathematization in Economics. Furthermore, we found that the use and training in mathematics has a positive correlation with the probability of winning a Nobel Prize in certain cases. It also appears that being an empirical researcher as measured by the average number of econometrics outputs has a negative correlation with someone's academic career success.
Contiguous Diseases Outbreak In Indonesia: The Applications Of Spatial Scan Statistics Method

The ability to detect disease outbreaks early is important in order to minimize morbidity and mortality through timely implementation of disease prevention and control measures. Many nationals, states, and local health departments are launching disease surveillance systems without statistical testing. Spatial scan statistic is a statistical tool to detect location of clusters (outbreak) of interest. This paper shows how scan statistic method detects diseases clusters. The applications are on detections of contiguous diseases (HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria) hotspot in 2001 2006. SaTScan software was used for the computation. As the result, for AIDS cases in Indonesia, there was a moving hotspot area of the mortality number from 2002 to 2006. In 2002, AIDS mortality hotspot is around east part, but in 2006, it was around the central part of Indonesia. The spreading of Tuberculosis in Indonesia was around east and central part of the country in 2001, whereas, in 2002 a reduction of the hotspot was in the central part. For malaria cases, the cluster regions of diseases cases were found, that the cluster regions of high malaria cases tend to decrease from year to year. The highest was in the east and central part of the country in 2001 and 2002.
Strategic alliance motivation for technology commercialization and product development

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the relationship among alliance motivation (AM), execution of cooperation (EC) and alliance performance of strategic alliance for commercializing technology and developing products. Design/methodology/approach – The measurements were constructed and tested empirically through a survey of 320 strategic alliances in the food processing industry in Thailand. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were applied to refine scales for measuring AM, execution and cooperation performance. Findings – This research found that firms adopted social interaction with alliance partners in order to establish mutual expectations about technology characteristics, access opportunity and organisational management styles, factors that are shown to have positive influences on both commercial and partnership performance. Findings also confirm a significant positive impact of technology characteristics, access opportunity, market potential and financial benefit on th.
1g Model Tests with Foundations in Sand

This paper presents the results of a series 1g model tests with both a circular and a strip foundation on dense sand. The test results have been compared with the results from finite element calculations based on a non linear Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion taking into account the dependence of the magnitude of the friction angle on the stress level at the instant of failure. Good agreement between test results and numerical calculations has been found.
Cross-Section of a 'Bubble': Dividends during the British Railway Mania

Although historical asset price ‘bubbles’ are often attributed to irrationality, the empirical analysis of such episodes has been limited. This paper examines a period known as the British Railway Mania, using a new dataset and a cross-sectional methodology which is unique to the study of historical asset price reversals. The results suggest that investors successfully incorporated forecasts of short-term dividend changes into their valuations, but were unable to predict longer-term changes. When short-term growth is controlled for, it appears that the railways were priced consistently with the non-railways for almost the entire episode. These findings may imply that investors had imperfect foresight, but that they acted consistently.
Spanish ‘depalatalization’: the synchronic, diachronic and perception perspectives

Spanish has a restriction on palatal nasals and laterals in the coda causing them to be realized as dental/alveolar coronals. In the onset position, the palatal point of articulation is retained, bello ‘beautiful-masc. ’, beldad ‘beauty’; dona ‘Madam’, don ‘ Mister’. Alternations such as these led phonologists to propose a rule of depalatalization that turns an underlying palatal nasal/lateral into a coronal (Contreras 1977; Harris 1983). Pensado (1997) and Harris (1999) later tried to debunk this rule, the former on psycholinguistic grounds, and the latter on the basis of the word structure of Spanish (palatals are always followed by –e ). More recently, within an optimality-theoretic framework and through loan word evidence, Lloret and Mascaro (2006) argue again in favor of an active process of depalatalization in Modern Spanish. Taking Lloret and Mascaro as its point of departure, this paper expands the discussion on depalatalization to consider diachronic data and the role of the underlying representation and the perception grammar. Historical data supports depalatalization as an active phenomenon in Old and Medieval Spanish; yet the morphophonological alternations cannot be considered active/productive synchronically. Unlike previous serial models of phonology, an OT framework allows for the incorporation of diachronic data into the analysis, thus explaining how the current situation came about and shedding light on synchronic alternations. OT also provides a formalization of the role of the underlying representation in the diachronic change and in synchronic loanword evidence, thus providing support for depalatalization as an active phonotactic restriction.
Application of aluminum diffusion coatings to mitigate the KCl‐induced high‐temperature corrosion

Pack cementation was used to produce Fe1−xAl and Fe2Al5 diffusion coatings on ferritic‐martensitic steel P91 and a Ni2Al3 diffusion coating on pure nickel. The performance of diffusion coatings against high‐temperature corrosion induced by potassium chloride (KCl) was evaluated by exposing the samples at 600 °C for 168 h in static lab air under KCl deposit. In addition, a salt‐free experiment was performed for comparison. Microstructure, chemical and phase composition of the samples were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X‐ray diffractometry (XRD) before and after the exposures. It was found that all the diffusion coatings formed protective oxides under salt‐free exposure in air. Under the salt deposit, Fe1−xAl showed local failure while on large parts of the sample a protective layer had formed. Fe2Al5 was attacked over the entire surface and the dominant mode of attack was selective aluminum removal. Ni2Al3 showed excellent performance and no sign of attack was observed anywhere on the sample.
Entry-Exit Decomposition of Male/Female Employment Rate Differences Over the Life-cycle 1

This paper introduces a decomposition methodology to analyze the determinants of the gender gap in employment rates. In particular, we investigate the degree to which the gender gap in employment rates is driven by differences in the male/female entry rates into part-time and fulltime employment or driven by differences in the male/female exit rates from employment. We also investigate how the size of the gender gap and the relative importance of entry and exit rates (i) vary over the life-cycle, and (ii) depend on demographic characteristics, including marital status, number of children in the family, education, and race. We find that the employment gender gap is driven primarily by the higher exit rates of women from full-time employment and to a lesser extent by the transitions of women from part-time employment. Further, the pattern of part-time employment differs across the genders: For men, part-time employment is a transient state between successive bouts of full-time employment; for women, it is a more persistent state and a precursor to a withdrawal from the labor force. Finally, we find that the qualitative nature of the gap differs across demographic groups: The pattern of employment transitions of women with post-graduate education is the most similar to that of their male counterparts, while the corresponding pattern of women with only a high-school education is the most dissimilar.
Subdiffusive behavior of random walk on a random cluster

On considere deux cas de marche aleatoire {X n } n≥0 sur un graphe aleatoire #7B-G. Dans le cas ou #7B-G est l'arbre d'un processus de branchement critique, conditionne par la non-extinction, si h(x) denote la distance sur #7B-G de x a la racine de l'arbre alors la distribution de n −1/3 h(X n ) converge. Dans le cas ou #7B-G est «l'amas infini d'un processus de percolation» de dimension 2 au seuil critique, on prouve seulement que pour un e>0 la famille {n 1/2+ eX n } est tendue
Priming meritocracy increases implict prejudice

Meritocracy is a prevalent norm characterizing most modern societies according to which social status and rewards should depend on individual effort and hard work. Despite its ubiquity, the effects of meritocracy have never been analyzed outside the field of explicit attitudes. Thus, expanding on the small body of studies that focus on the positive factors that promote the emergence of socially negative responses, we investigated the effect of priming meritocracy on the expression of implicit racial prejudice. Results from two experimental studies consistently showed that priming meritocracy results in higher levels of implicit prejudice (Studies 1 and 2) and elicits both inter(Study 1) and intra-individual (Study 2) variations of the levels of prejudice.
Seasonal Prediction of Surface Air Temperature across Vietnam Using the Regional Climate Model Version 4.2 (RegCM4.2)

To investigate the ability of dynamical seasonal climate predictions for Vietnam, the RegCM4.2 is employed to perform seasonal prediction of 2 m mean (T2m), maximum (Tx), and minimum (Tn) air temperature for the period from January 2012 to November 2013 by downscaling the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS) data. For model bias correction, the model and observed climatology is constructed using the CFS reanalysis and observed temperatures over Vietnam for the period 1980–2010, respectively. The RegCM4.2 forecast is run four times per month from the current month up to the next six months. A model ensemble prediction initialized from the current month is computed from the mean of the four runs within the month. The results showed that, without any bias correction (CTL), the RegCM4.2 forecast has very little or no skill in both tercile and value predictions. With bias correction (BAS), model predictions show improved skill. The experiment in which the results from the BAS experiment are further successively adjusted (SUC) with model bias at one-month lead time of the previous run showed further improvement compared to CTL and BAS. Skill scores of the tercile probability forecasts were found to exceed 0.3 for most of the target months.
Richness of Leisure Farm Tour Experience : Influences of Message Valence , Product Type and Consumer Knowledge

Rich information facilitates consumer buying judgment and decision-making, and therefore enhances marketing communication effectiveness. Drawing on the information richness theory, this study attempts to address how valence of electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM), product type and consumer knowledge will yield different levels of eWOM richness perception for experience goods versus search goods. The results based on a three-way experimental study with 156 valid responses suggest that negative eWOM has a stronger effect in producing eWOM information richness than does positive eWOM, and such effect is more pronounced for a leisure farm tour (experience goods) than for digital camera (search goods). The tendency that negative eWOM will provide richer information for the leisure farm tour is more evident for high-knowledge consumers than for low-knowledge consumers. The study’s results caution against the aggravated harm of negative eWOM incurred from the dissatisfactory experience of a leisure farm tour. The managerial implications for the practitioners are provided.
Cultivating A Sociological Perspective Using Nontraditional Texts

In this paper, we argue that novels, mysteries and nonfiction books can provide undergraduate students with an accessible and exciting place to explore sociological concepts. Using storytelling as a pedagogical tool, we teach students key theoretical ideas by analyzing the books in their specific sociocultural contexts. First, we put forward three different strategies for using nontraditional readings in the classroom. We then present standardized assessment data to measure how well these strategies helped to meet our student learning goals: increasing engagement, enhancing conceptual understanding and improving analytic ability. We also discuss what we consider to be the pedagogical costs and benefits of using these approaches in the classroom.
Influence of pasteurization process on bioactive substances content and antioxidant activity of apple pomace from organic and conventional cultivation

Organic food is perceived by the consumers as a hig h quality food and with guaranteed production safet y. Conventional fruits and vegetables can contain pesticides residu es and mineral fertilizers, especially nitrates. He alth consciousness of modern consumer still increases and market developm ent gives a new possibilities to organic food produ cers. The organic preserves are the important group of products deman ded by the consumers who want to eat in accordance with the organic rules. Eating the organic foods is an integral part of the modern, organic life style. It is mostly ca used by the care of own and family health, also by the environment care. Un fortunately food processing causes the reduction of bioactive substances in final product as fruit pomace, juice or jam. Organic raw apples contained more flavonoids, antho cyanins and vitamin C in comparison to conventional ones. Therefore it was supposed that organic preserves could have h igher antioxidant properties in comparison to conve tional ones. Five apples cultivars: Lobo, Jonagold, Cortland, Boskoop and Idared have been used to prepare the pomaces. Fruits have been collected from one organic and one conventional orc ha d. The following parameters have been determined the fresh and pasteurized apple pomace: flavones, total polypheno ls, vitamin C content and antioxidant activity. The results obtained show that organic apple pomaces contained more tota l polyphenols including flavones, more vitamin C an d higher antioxidant activity than conventional ones. Pasteurizatio n process influences negatively the bioactive subst ances content and antioxidative properties of the apple pomace.
Compassionately Conservative Normalized Cuts for Image Segmentation

Image segmentation is a process used in computer vision to partition an image into regions with similar characteristics. One category of image segmentation algorithms is graph-based, where pixels in an image are represented by vertices in a graph and the similarity between pixels is represented by weighted edges. A segmentation of the image can be found by cutting edges between dissimilar groups of pixels in the graph, leaving different clusters or partitions of the data. A popular graph-based method for segmenting images is the Normalized Cuts (NCuts) algorithm, which quantifies the cost for graph partitioning in a way that biases clusters or segments that are balanced towards having lower values than unbalanced partitionings. This bias is so strong, however, that the NCuts algorithm avoids any singleton partitions, even when vertices are weakly connected to the rest of the graph. For this reason, we propose the Compassionately Conservative Normalized Cut (CCNCut) objective function, which strikes a better compromise between the desire to avoid too many singleton partitions and the notion that all partitions should be balanced. We demonstrate how CCNCut minimization can be relaxed into the problem of computing Piecewise Flat Embeddings (PFE) and provide an overview of, as well as two efficiency improvements to, the Splitting Orthogonality Constraint (SOC) algorithm previously used to approximate PFE. We then present a new algorithm for computing PFE based on iteratively minimizing a sequence of reweighted Rayleigh quotients (IRRQ) and run a series of experiments to compare CCNCut-based image segmentation via SOC and IRRQ to NCut-based image segmentation on the BSDS500 dataset. Our results indicate that CCNCut-based image segmentation yields more accurate results with respect to ground truth than NCut-based segmentation, and IRRQ is less sensitive to initialization than SOC.
Effect of Vermicompost Extract and Vermicompost-Derived Humic Acids on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Hemp

Abstract Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivars grown for industrial use have recently emerged as a sustainable alternative source of industrial fibre and bioenergy, and is a highly valuable food and animal feed resource. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of vermicompost extract, vermicompost mineral nutrient composition, and vermicompost-derived humic and fulvic acids on seed germination and growth of hemp seedlings. In general, separate application of all vermicompost components stimulated seed germination and hypocotyl and radicle growth, as well as increased chlorophyll concentration in cotyledons. Effective concentration range and the degree of stimulation varied significantly between the treatments. For practical purposes, application of vermicompost and vermicompost-derived extracts for stimulation of hemp growth could be useful at concentrations 5%, 0.05 mg·mL−1 and 1%, for vermicompost extract, humic acids and fulvic acids, respectively.
The Relationship Between Investment and Internal Cash Flows in VC-Backed SMEs: Does firm size matter?

Using panel data models and two research sub-samples composed of smaller and larger VC-backed, this study seeks to analyze the relationship between investment and internal cash flows. The results indicate that the investment sensitivity to internal cash flows is greater in larger than in the smaller VC-backed SMEs. Debt is more important for smaller than for larger VC-backed SME investment. The moderation effect of VC ownership reduces the magnitudes of the positive impact of cash flows and debt as well as the negative effect of growth opportunities on investment in both smaller and larger VC-backed SMEs.
Changes in wealth distribution in Italy (2002-2012) and who gained from the Great Recession

The aim of the paper is to analyze changes in families’ assets between 2002 and 2012; to measure changes in the degree of inequality; and to identify which social groups (or classes) have gained from these changes, using the decomposition procedure of the Gini concentration ratio proposed by Dagum (1997). The paper introduces two important methodological innovations. First, the definition of household wealth employed here is net wealth minus the value of the household’s home (if owned). Second, we develop a new method for computing the Gini coefficient in presence of negative values, and for decomposing it. JEL Classification: D10, D31
Return to Basics: Are You Properly Calculating Tax Shields?

Everybody uses tax shields when calculating the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC). The textbook formula includes the tax shield with the (1-T) factor affecting the contribution of debt to the WACC. Tax shields are a strange mix of accounting and accrual related to WACC that relies on market values. In this short work we show some limitations and care that has to be taken into account when using tax shields. We illustrate these ideas with simple examples.
Absence of the Autophagy Adaptor SQSTM 1 / p 62 Causes Childhood-Onset Neurodegeneration with Ataxia , Dystonia , and Gaze Palsy Haack

Haack , T B , Ignatius , E , Calvo-Garrido , J , Iuso , A , Isohanni , P , Maffezzini , C , Lönnqvist , T , Suomalainen , A , Gorza , M , Kremer , L S , Graf , E , Hartig , M , Berutti , R , Paucar , M , Svenningsson , P , Stranneheim , H , Brandberg , G , Wedell , A , Kurian , M A , Hayflick , S A , Venco , P , Tiranti , V , Strom , T M , Dichgans , M , Horvath , R , Holinski-Feder , E , Freyer , C , Meitinger , T , Prokisch , H , Senderek , J , Wredenberg , A , Carroll , C J & Klopstock , T 2016 , ' Absence of the Autophagy Adaptor SQSTM1/p62 Causes Childhood-Onset Neurodegeneration with Ataxia, Dystonia, and Gaze Palsy ' American Journal of Human Genetics , vol 99 , no. 3 , pp. 735-743 . DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg. 2016.06. 026