Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Potentials for Co-Management Approaches in Western Serengeti, Tanzania

Co-management arrangements are increasingly gaining popularity as an intervention to overcome the shortcomings of centralized management that impede harmonization of conflicting interests among the diverse stakeholder groups. The success of these arrangements depends, among other things, upon capitalizing on potentials existing in the area where they are intended to be implemented. This study was conducted in the western part of Serengeti National Park to analyze some potential for adopting the co-management approaches. We employed local communities' opinions, experience, knowledge, and attitudes to analyze these factors. The paper is framed around the premises that, among other things, co-management arrangements have the potential to work if: (i) the local communities have an outstanding level of awareness on the rationale of, and legal aspects pertaining to, wildlife conservation; (ii) the traditional institutions for management of natural resources exist and local communities have the ability to evaluate their performance, establish causes for inadequate performance and propose some workable solutions; (iii) local communities have the ability to evaluate different options for resource ownership and give valid reasons for opposing or supporting them. In conclusion we underscore the need for co-management approaches as an alternative intervention and a complement for current resource management approaches. We recommend promotion of local awareness on legal aspects of resource management, strengthening of traditional institutions for resource management and honoring people's choices of the types of resource ownership or rectifying the situations making them unpopular.
The absorption and translocation of imazaquin in green manures

Green manure species that are tolerant to the herbicide imazaquin can be used in crop rotation schemes that aim to reduce herbicide carryover to sensitive plants such as sunflower or corn. Three different doses of imazaquin (0, 0.15 and 0.28 kgha -1 ) were applied during the pre-emergence growth stage to Dolichos lablab, Cajanus cajan, Canavalia ensiformis, Crotalaria juncea, C. breviflora, C. spectabilis, Mucuna deeringiana, M. cinerea, M. aterrima, Lupinus albus, Helianthus annuus, Pennisetum glaucum, Avena strigosa and Raphanus sativus , and the results were evaluated in a greenhouse. C. ensiformis and M. cinerea were selected from these species for being the most tolerant, and they were then evaluated for absorption and translocation of 14 C-imazaquin in two different growth stages: the cotyledonary stage and the emergence of the first pair of true leaves. M. cinerea individuals showed the best potential for translocating imazaquin to the shoot when compared to C. ensiformes , which accumulated the herbicide mostly in its roots. These plants had a higher ability to accumulate herbicide during their most advanced stage of development, which demonstrates their potential for use in areas that have residual imazaquin.
Selection of cowpea genotypes for Mato Grosso do Sul via GGE Biplot and linear regression.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between GGE Biplot and Eberhart and Russell methodologies and to select cowpea genotypes that meet both high grain yield, adaptability and stability for Mato Grosso do Sul environments. The trials were carried out from February to July of 2010, 2011 and 2012 in the municipalities of Dourados, Aquidauana and Chapadão do Sul. The trials in Chapadão do Sul were conducted only in the years 2010 and 2011, totaling eight environments. After detecting significant GE interaction, adaptability and phenotypic stability of cowpea genotypes were analyzed by GGE Biplot and linear regression methods. Eberhart and Russell and GGE biplot methodologies discriminate differently the best cowpea genotypes and it can be used in a complementary way. MNCO1-649F-2-11 and MNCO2-675-4-9 genotypes are the closest to the ideal in terms of high grain yield and phenotypic stability, being so suitable for cultivation in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul.
JABAET Journal, No. 14/15,2011 Implicitly and Explicitly Measured Attitudes Towards Foreigners: A Dual-Process Model Perspective

Intergroup attitudes are one of the individual difference constructs which may influence motivation to learn a second language (L2) or willingness to communicate in an L2. Drawing on the APE model (a dual-process model which postulates the distinction between explicitly and implicitly measured attitudes), the current study examined 71 Japanese university students' attitudes towards foreigners by utilizing three types of attitudinal measures: self-evaluation about one's prejudice towards foreigners, verbal reports of images about foreigners, and one's implicit association scores obtained by means of the filtering unconscious matching implicit emotions (FUMIE) test. Results indicated that the participants tended to respond in a neutral way on the self-evaluation, whereas the FUMIE test indicated significantly positive attitudes towards foreigners. Further, a dissociation of implicitly and explicitly measured attitudes was found. Finally, the three measures had no significant impact on motivational intensity. The findings are discussed in terms of the dualprocess model of attitudes, and implications are provided for future research on intergroup attitudes in the field ofL2 learning and communication.
Risk of Thrombosis in Patients Presenting with Myocardial Infarction with Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries (MINOCA)

Abstract Patients presenting with myocardial infarction (MI) in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is termed MI with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). The underlying pathophysiology of MINOCA is multifactorial and in situ formation and subsequent spontaneous lysis of a coronary thrombus is often hypothesized as one of the mechanisms. The objective of this study is to determine whether MINOCA patients had a greater prothrombotic tendency in comparison to MI patients with obstructive CAD (MICAD). Prospectively, blood samples of 25 consecutive MINOCA patients (58 (interquartile range [IQR]: 48, 75) years, 48% women) and 25 age-/gender-matched MICAD patients (58 (IQR: 50, 66) years, 48% women) were obtained at 1 month after the initial presentation and overall thrombin generation potential and congenital/acquired thrombophilia states were assessed. As regard to results, overall thrombin generation parameters were similar (p > 0.05) between the MINOCA and MICAD groups, highlighting similar endogenous thrombin potential (1,590 nM/min; IQR: 1,380, 2,000 vs. 1,750 nM/min; IQR: 1,500, 2,040, respectively). There were no significant differences between MINOCA and MICAD, respectively, in respect to the numbers of patients with congenital thrombophilia states including factor V Leiden (0 vs. 4%) and prothrombin gene mutation (8 vs. 4%), decreased antithrombin (8 vs. 0%), protein C (0 vs. 0%), and protein S (4 vs. 0%). None of the patients demonstrated presence of lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies. Although MINOCA patients revealed thrombotic characteristics that are similar to those with MICAD, the results from this study are inconclusive and a larger study with healthy control subjects is required to assess the risk of thrombosis in MINOCA.
The assessment of bone marrow infiltration with 18 FDG-PET in non-haematopoietic solid tumors Hematopoetik olmayan solid tümörlerde 18 FDG-PET ile kemik iliği infiltrasyonunun değerlendirilmesi

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of positron emission computed tomography using 18FFluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG-PET/CT) in bone marrow metastasis (BMM) due to solid tumors in patients who undervent bone marrow biopsy (BMB). METHODS: 53 patients who suspected BMM from solid tumors and underwent both 18FDG-PET/CT scans and BMB were evaluated retrospectively. We also looked at the predictive value of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) to detection of metastases from solid tumors. RESULTS: Among 53 patients, BMM was detected in 36 patients via 18FDG-PET/CT and 33 patients via BMB. In 9/53 cases (16,9%) both techniques showed no BMM. In 25/53 cases (47.2%) both techniques unclosed BMM. Among these 36 18FDGPET/CT (+) patients, 25 patients had BMM accoding to the BMB (false positive, 11/36 patients, 30,5%). Among 17/53 18FDGPET/CT (-) patients, 8 patients had BMM according to the BMB (false negative, 8/17 patients, 47.5%). SUVmax in patients with BMM was significantly higher than in patients without BMM according to the BMB [7.1 (2.5-22.2) vs 3.3 (2.2 – 16.0, p = 0.79), p=0.024]. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: These preliminary results suggest that 18FDG-PET/CT could not be superior to BMB for bone marrow assessment. However, SUVmax value should be considered for the assessment of BMM.
Effective Radius of Ice Cloud Particle Populations Derived from Aircraft Probes

The effective radius (re) is a crucial variable in representing the radiative properties of cloud layers in general circulation models. This parameter is proportional to the condensed water content (CWC) divided by the extinction (). For ice cloud layers, parameterizations for re have been developed from aircraft in situ measurements 1) indirectly, using data obtained from particle spectrometer probes and assumptions or observations about particle shape and mass to get the ice water content (IWC) and area to get , and recently 2) from probes that derive IWC and more directly, referred to as the direct approach, even though the extinction is not measured directly. This study compares [IWC/] derived from the two methods using datasets acquired from comparable instruments on two aircraft, one sampling clouds at midlevels and the other at upper levels during the Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers (CRYSTAL) Florida Area Cirrus Experiment (FACE) field program in Florida in 2002. A penetration by one of the aircraft into a cold midlatitude orographic wave cloud composed of small particles is further evaluated. The and IWC derived by each method are compared and evaluated in different ways for each aircraft dataset. Direct measurements of exceed those derived indirectly by a factor of 2–2.5. The IWC probes, relying on ice sublimation, appear to measure accurately except when the IWC is high or the particles too large to sublimate completely during the short transit time through the probe. The IWC estimated from the particle probes are accurate when direct measurements are available to provide constraints and give useful information in high IWC/large particle situations. Because of the discrepancy in estimates between the direct and indirect approaches, there is a factor of 2–3 difference in [IWC/] between them. Although there are significant uncertainties involved in its use, comparisons with several independent data sources suggest that the indirect method is the more accurate of the two approaches. However, experiments are needed to resolve the source of the discrepancy in .
Use of plant growth promoting bacteria in banana: a new insight for sustainable banana production.

Banana, an important fruit crop, requires high amounts of chemical fertilizers for commercial cultivation, which is costly and can be hazardous to the environment, when used excessively. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) could be used for growth promotion, nutrient uptake and some time as an alternative source of N-fertilizer of non-leguminous crops. Recently, research on PGPR for crop improvements are gaining prominence and thousands of research works have been published so far. However, use of this noble technique in banana production system is limited. Nevertheless, reports from various experimental findings suggested that PGPR strains could successfully formed colonies on the root surface of bananas, where more bacterial cells were found in the root hair proliferation zone. Application of PGPR alone could not produce significant benefits that require minimal or reduced levels of fertilizer-N consequently could produce a synergistic effect on root growth and development. The inoculation also increased the N yield and fixed N2 in association with banana roots subsequently increased the yield, improved the physical attributes of fruit quality and initiated early flowering. The summarized review suggested that PGPR are effective as a bioenhancer and biofertilizer for banana cultivation. For consistent and precise results extensive field experiments of bananas inoculated with PGPR strains should be continued.
Cauchy problems for noncoercive Hamilton–Jacobi–Isaacs equations with discontinuous coefficients

We study the Cauchy problem for a homogeneous and not necessarily coercive Hamilton‐Jacobi‐ Isaacs equation with anx-dependent, piecewise continuous coefficient. We prove that under suitable assumptions there exists a unique and continuous viscosity solution. The result applies in particular to the Carnot‐Caratheodory eikonal equation with discontinuous refraction index of a family of vector fields satisfying the Hormander condition. Our results are also of interest in connection with geometric flows with discontinuous velocity in anisotropic media with a non-euclidian ambient space.
Self-duality and shock dynamics in the $n$-component priority ASEP

We study the $n$-component priority asymmetric simple exclusion process ($n$-ASEP) with reflecting boundaries. We obtain all invariant measures in explicit form and prove reversibility. Using the symmetry of the generator of the process under the quantum algebra $U_q[\mathfrak{gl}(n+1)]$ we construct duality functions with respect to which the $n$-ASEP is self-dual, both for the finite and the infinite integer lattice. For the $n$-ASEP on the infinite lattice we use self-duality to derive in explicit form the time evolution of a family of measures with $K$ shocks in terms of the transition probability of $K$ coloured particles in a shock exclusion process with particle-dependent hopping rates and nearest-neighbour colour exchange. This process is a gas of particles that forms a bound state, corresponding to shock coalescence on macroscopic scale.
Portfolio Optimization of Energy Commodity Futures Returns with Minimum Information Copula

Energy commodity futures returns are modeled using GARCH and EGARCH processes. Their dependence structures are constructed from vine copula approach. Minimum information methods were applied to approximate bivariate copulas for all pairs in vine structure. A copula that satisfies a set of data constraints and that has minimum relative entropy (with respect to the independence copula) among the class of all copulas satisfying those constraints is called minimum information copula. The vine copula built from minimum information copulas is used to quantify the risks of energy commodity portfolio. Optimal portfolio that minimizes the risks with a given expected return are obtained for 4 energy commodity products (crude oil, natural gas, gasoline, and heating oil) using data from the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX).
Detection of Orchid Phytophthora Disease by Nested PCR

Orchid disease caused by Phytophthora has long been a major threat to cultivation of orchids in Taiwan. Phytophthora spp. known to infect orchids include mainly P. palmivora and P. parasitica. Identification of Phytophthora species by the conventional method includes the use of selective media to obtain Phytophthora isolates and examination by microscopy. The procedures are rather labor-intensive and time-consuming. In order to accelerate and simplify the process of diagnosis, we have developed a nested PCR assay for rapid and accurate detection of Phytophthora pathogens infecting orchids. After isolation of DNA from the plant tissue, PCR was performed using a primer set specific for Phytophthora. Amplification of DNA fragments of approximately 1 kb in length indicated the presence of Phytophthora pathogens. To identify the species, nested PCR was then performed using amplified product from the first PCR as the template and species-specific oligonucleotides as the primers. Amplification of specific DNA fragments would tell whether the orchids were infected by P. palmivora, P. parasitica, or both. Furthermore, the sensitivity of detection was greatly enhanced. This assay provides a rapid and sensitive method for detection of Phytophthora pathogens in infected orchids as well as infested media used for cultivation of orchids, and thus can assist growers in early diagnosis of the devastating orchid Phytophthora disease.
Managing work-life policies: disruption versus dependency arguments. Explaining managerial attitudes towards employee utilization of work-life policies

What factors shape managerial attitudes towards the utilization of work-life policies? The influence of disruptiveness (Powell and Mainiero 1999) and dependency (Klein, Berman and Dickson 2000) arguments on managerial attitudes is examined using a vignette design. In this study, managers in four financial firms in the UK and the Netherlands were asked to judge hypothetical requests from employees to utilize work-life policies. Findings indicate that managers are mainly interested in the performance of their department or work unit, and work-life policies are often seen as disruptive. However, when the least disruptive request is considered (short-term leave), we find that dependency arguments also play an important role and managers are more likely to respond to their employees' personal and family needs.
Conducta prosocial y rendimiento académico en estudiantes españoles de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria

Title: Prosocial behaviour and academic achievement in Spanish students of compulsory secondary education. Abstract: This study analyzed the prevelence of the prosocial behaviour and its relationship with two indexes of academic achievement, school records and repeating a school year, in a sample of 2022 Spanish students (51.1% boys) of compulsory secondary education. The prosocial behav- iour was measured with the Prosocial Behaviour scale of the Teenage Inventory of Social Skills (TISS). Results revealed that the proportion of prosocial students was 17.35%. The prosocial behaviour was significant and moder- ately more prevalent in girls than boys, finding a significant increase in grades 9 and 10 (d < .20). The proportion of prosocial students with all the approved subjects was significantly higher that the reported for the no-prosocial students group (d = .10). Likewise, the percentage of proso- cial students that repeat a school year was significantly smaller that the percentage found in the group of prosocial students that not repeat a school year (d = 2.43). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the proso- cial behaviour was a positive and statistically significant predictor of the academic success (OR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.01-1.02), being the academic success, in turn, a positive and statistically significant predictor of the prosocial behaviour (OR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.11-1.87).
The Structure of Students’ Motivation: Expectancies and Values in Taking Data Science Course

Valeria Ivaniushina - Candidate of Sciences in Biology; Leading Research Fellow of the Laboratory of Sociology in Education and Science, National Research University Higher School of Economics (Saint Petersburg). E-mail: ivaniushina@hse.ru Daniil Alexandrov - Candidate of Sciences in Biology; Head of the Laboratory of Sociology in Education and Science, National Research University Higher School of Economics (Saint Petersburg). E-mail: dalexandrov@hse.ru Ilya Musabirov - Junior Research Fellow of the Laboratory of Sociology in Education and Science, National Research University Higher School of Economics (Saint Petersburg). E-mail: ilya@musabirov.infoAddress: 16 Soyuza Pechatnikov ul. , 190121 St. Petersburg, Russian FederationIn this paper we explore motivational structure of students taking a challenging university course. The participants were second-year undergraduate students majoring in Economics, Sociology, Management and Humanities, enrolled in the Data Science minor. Using expectancy-value theory as a framework, we aim (1) to analyze gender differences in motivation; (2) to identify the link between the components of motivation and academic achievement; (3) to estimate the role of the previous academic achievement and educational choices. Two alternativetheoretical models are proposed and tested on empirical data. Structural equation modeling (SEM) in M Plus 7.31 was used for analysis. We found that the course is more popular among males students, who also demonstrate higher level of expectancy for success. However, there is no gender difference in academic performance. Students majoring in Sociology and Economics perceive Data Science as more interesting and useful than Management and Humanities students. SEM analysis empirically validated the model in which expectancy of success directly influences academic achievement, and values influence is mediated by expectancies. The final model that includes motivation, gender, student"s major, and previous achievement explains 34% of variance in academic performance. We discuss the role of different components of student motivation and practical significance of our results.