Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using the Mini-Mental State Examination to Screen for Delirium in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture

Background: The main aim of this paper was to examine the usefulness of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for screening delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture. Methods: The sample included 364 elderly patients with hip fracture admitted to two hospitals in Oslo. Delirium was assessed by the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) as an approximation of the gold standard, DSM-IV. To evaluate the psychometric properties of the MMSE scale, we used the Mokken nonparametric latent trait model for unidimensional scaling. Results: In total, 76 (21%) patients were diagnosed with delirium based on the CAM, and 141 (43%) had preexisting cognitive impairment. As a screening tool, the recommended MMSE cut-point of 24 showed an acceptable sensitivity of 88% with a specificity of 54%. The prediction of delirium, based on logistic regression on the MMSE total score and on the 5 items selected by the stepwise logistic regression procedure, gave clearly less acceptable results. Conclusions: Our study indicates that the MMSE may be useful in screening for delirium, but the high percentage of false positives shows that it does not have diagnostic potential in patients with hip fracture.
Aggregation of magnetic microspheres: Experiments and simulations.

Uniformly sized microspheres interacting via long-range magnetic dipolar forces are used to study diffusion-limited cluster aggregation in a plane. The results show that it is possible to scale the temporal evolution of the cluster size distribution and that there is a crossover in fractal dimension from $D=1.52\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05$ to $D=1.16\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05$ in the limit of weak and strong dipolar coupling. External magnetic fields are shown to produce pronounced chaining with $D$ approaching 1. The results compare favorably with computer simulations of aggregation of the same type of particles.
An international approach of the relationship between board attributes and the disclosure of corporate social responsibility issues

This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: An international approach of the relationship between board attributes and the disclosure of corporate social responsibility issues. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management (2018), which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1707. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.
Separating brain processing of pain fromthat of stimulus intensity

Regions of the brain network activated by painful stimuli are also activated by nonpainful and even nonsomatosensory stimuli. We therefore analyzed where the qualitative change from nonpainful to painful perception at the pain thresholds is coded. Noxious stimuli of gaseous carbon dioxide (n = 50) were applied to the nasal mucosa of 24 healthy volunteers at various concentrations from 10% below to 10% above the individual pain threshold. Functional magnetic resonance images showed that these trigeminal stimuli activated brain regions regarded as the “pain matrix. ” However, most of these activations, including the posterior insula, the primary and secondary somatosensory cortex, the amygdala, and the middle cingulate cortex, were associated with quantitative changes in stimulus intensity and did not exclusively reflect the qualitative change from nonpainful to pain. After subtracting brain activations associated with quantitative changes in the stimuli, the qualitative change, reflecting pain‐exclusive activations, could be localized mainly in the posterior insular cortex. This shows that cerebral processing of noxious stimuli focuses predominately on the quantitative properties of stimulus intensity in both their sensory and affective dimensions, whereas the integration of this information into the perception of pain is restricted to a small part of the pain matrix. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect Of Servicescape And Customer Experience On Social Location Marketing (Case Study At Caf, In Medan)

Nowadays, a cafe is becoming a trend and growing rapidly in Medan. There are numerous people spend their time to socializing in cafes is part of the current life style. Therefore, cafe owners compete in offering new cafe concept to attract customers. To gain competitiveness and attractiveness, cafe must possess the interesting servicescape and be providing good impression toward customers in a cafe. In the social media era, people can communicate and share their experience with other people easy. The interesting cafe which shares memorable experience will be shared and promoted through social media. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of servicescape and customer experience on social location marketing. Data were collected through interview by using questioners. This research is conducted at 10 cafes in Medan. Data were analyzed by using smartpls 3.0. The result showed that the most frequent users of social media is Instagram. Customers will share the pictures of cafes' location which have the interesting servicescape. It indicates there is a strong influence between servicescape on customer experience and social location marketing. Keywords—:Servicescape, Customer Experience, Social Location Marketing, Social Media
Future Perspectives on the Relevance of Auditory Markers in Prodromal Parkinson's Disease

Research on auditory processing in Parkinson's disease (PD) has recently made substantial progress. At present, evidence has been found for altered auditory processing in the clinical stage of PD. The auditory alterations in PD have been demonstrated with low-cost and non-invasive assessments that are already used in routine clinical practice. Since auditory alterations have been reported early in disease progression, it would be highly relevant to investigate whether auditory markers could be provided in the prodromal stage of PD. In addition, auditory alterations in early stage PD might be modulated by dopaminergic medication. Therefore, the aim of this review is (1) to summarize the literature on auditory processing in PD with a specific focus on the early disease stages, (2) to give future perspectives on which audiological and electrophysiological measurements could be useful in the prodromal stage of PD and (3) to assess the effect of dopaminergic medication on potential auditory markers in the prodromal stage of PD.
Portal hyperperfusion injury as the cause of primary nonfunction in a small‐for‐size liver graft‐successful treatment with splenic artery ligation

Dysfunction of a small‐for‐size graft is an important clinical problem after living donor liver transplantation in adults. We report a case of primary nonfunction after a small‐for‐size right lobe living donor liver transplant that was successfully salvaged by reduction of portal pressure and blood flow after splenic artery ligation. The case established portal hyperperfusion injury as a cause of primary nonfunction in a small‐for‐size graft and we recommend that portal pressure be measured when clinical suspicion arises. Splenic artery ligation is a technically simple procedure that can be applied for the prevention or treatment of such injury
A Quantitative Examination of Firm Factors Influencing Occupational Health and Safety Disclosures in Annual Reports

This paper uses binary logistic regression to develop two models of firms’ Occupational Health and Safety disclosures, one based on disclosure / non-disclosure, the other based on above / below the median levels of disclosure. Industry and auditor are found to be important components of both models, whilst operating revenue contributes to the former and company age to the latter. These findings support to some extent previous studies into Corporate Social and Environmental Disclosure, but also identify new factors that need to be further investigated. The paper contributes to our current understanding of Corporate Social Disclosure through its focus on the little considered area of Occupational Health and Safety and also raising the possibility of non-parametric statistics as a better statistical methodology for such research.
A study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgement.

Several modifications of the Asch experiment in which the S judges the length of lines in the company of a group of “stooges” who carry out the experimenter's instructions are described. These include a face-to-face situation, an anonymous situation, and a group situation, with self-commitment, publ
Dominant factors for energy choice decisions by households in Tanzania: A case study of selected villages in Mvomero District

Household choice of energy sources for various social-economic activities has been associated with improved community livelihood and ecosystem quality. In this study, the multinomial probit model (MNP) was employed to establish the dominant factors for energy choice decisions by households in the five wards of Mvomero District. The results indicate the extent to which households’ use of various renewable energy sources for cooking, lighting and heating is low. Besides, the study reveals that households’ income has a significant influence on their energy choice decisions for different social-economic activities i.e. solar PV (Pvalue = 0.010), wood (Pvalue = 0.066), charcoal (Pvalue = 0.051), hydro-electricty (Pvalue = 0.066), natural gas (Pvalue = 0.014) and kerosene (Pvalue = 0.098). In addition, the benchmark of the descriptive results against the achievement of millennium development goals (MDGs), especially goals 1 and 7, indicates low achievement due to households’ lack of access to clean, reliable and affordable energy sources. Hence, the reviewed MDGs and MNP results can be used by energy policymaking instruments in the country to make informed decisions for clean energy investment needs as well as organizing households’ sensitization forums on the benefit-costs of energy sources used for various social-economic activities.
A new constrained minimum-BER multiuser detection algorithm

Based on the previously proposed error probability function of multiuser detector, a new set of constraints is proposed. We show that under these new constraints uniqueness of global minimum can be guaranteed. An efficient barrier conjugate gradient algorithm is developed to solve this constrained optimization problem. Computer simulation results show that the performance of the proposed detector approaches to that of the optimal minimum bit-error rate linear detector and is significantly better than that of the MMSE detector.
A comparison of donepezil and galantamine in the treatment of cognitive symptoms of Alzheimer's disease: a meta‐analysis

This review was conducted in order to determine the efficacy of donepezil and galantamine in the treatment of cognitive symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, and also to determine whether galantamine was a superior pharmacological intervention. Meta‐analytic methods were used to analyse the data from eight empirical studies which met the inclusion criteria specified. By finding the mean effect sizes of the treatment on the outcome measures of cognition, it was determined that neither drug was greatly efficacious. However, this result does not necessarily diminish the practical value of the drug. It was also found that galantamine was no better than donepezil at treating cognitive decline in AD. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the Control of a Queueing System with Aging State Information

We investigate control of a queueing system in which a component of the state space is subject to aging. The controller can choose to forward incoming queries to the system (where it needs time for processing), or respond with a previously generated response (incurring a penalty for not providing a fresh value). Hence, the controller faces a tradeoff between data freshness and response times. We model the system as a complex Markov decision process, simplify it, and construct a control policy. This policy shows near-optimal performance and achieves lower costs than both a myopic policy and a threshold policy.
The Risk Management Handbook : A Practical Guide to Managing the Multiple Dimensions of Risk Ed. 1

Risk management is dynamic, with new risks continually being identified and risk management techniques adapting to new challenges. The Risk Management Handbook gives a clear snapshot of the current state of play in the risk management landscape, and a look ahead to the key emerging issues in the field. Drawing together leading voices from the major risk management application areas - from GRC to supply chain risk, operational risk to cyber risk - this edited collection showcases best practice in each discipline and provides a succinct and coherent picture of the field as a whole. Part One surveys these crucial application areas and provides a broad integrative framework for the differing contexts within which risk management is undertaken. Part Two explores emerging issues and techniques, from risk-based thinking to communicating uncertainty. The Risk Management Handbook offers readers knowledge of current best practice and a cutting-edge insight into new developments within risk management. Whether you are a risk professional wanting to stay abreast of your field, a student seeking a broad and up-to-date introduction to risk, or a business leader wanting to get to grips with the risks that face your business, this book will provide expert guidance.
Using LSTMs to Improve Dutch Language Models

Research has shown significant improvements in model word-level perplexity when using LSTM models on the English language over other model types. By doing a comparative study between results obtained on an English dataset and the same models applied to a Dutch dataset, we can determine whether these models are effective for the Dutch language as well. The Dutch dataset used, is the Corpus Gesproken Nederlands, which contains orthographic transcriptions of spoken text, to put emphasis on automatic speech recognition (ASR). We also take a look at the practicality of LSTMs for use in ASR solutions by measuring training times of the LSTM models and comparing them to previous studies. The word-level perplexity results for the LSTM models show that they have similar performance improvements over a baseline on the Dutch dataset as they have on the English dataset. Even though LSTM model evaluation times are expected to grow exponentially when model size increases, the possibility for further parallelization and reductions in training times achieved over recent years due to GPU technology advances, leads us to believe LSTMs might already be or will soon be viable to be used in ASR solutions.
Identifying Persons with Diabetes Using Medicare Claims Data

The objective of this study was to develop and validate a method for identifying Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes by using Medicare claims data. We used self-reports of diabetes status from participants in the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey to determine disease status, and then we examined these participants' Medicare claims. Using self-reported diabetes status as the "gold standard," we determined the sensitivity, specificity, and reliability of claims data in identifying beneficiaries with diabetes. We found that to construct a method that is adequately sensitive (-70%1/), highly specific (? 97.5%), and reliable (kappa - 0.80), researchers must combine information from different types of Medicare claims files, use 2 years of data to identify cases, and require at least 2 diagnoses of diabetes among claims involving ambulatory care. Since these criteria are met by more than one method, the choice of method should be governed by the goals of the research as well as more practical concerns.
Avaliaçao energética em usina de açúcar e álcool utilizando a análise pinch

Com o proposito de avaliar o potencial de cogeracao e a melhor integracao termica em usinas de acucar e alcool, este trabalho se inicia com uma breve revisao da analise “Pinch”. A seguir sao realizadas avaliacoes termicas de uma usina brasileira que recentemente aumentou o seu potencial de cogeracao atraves da instalacao de uma turbina de contra-pressao com extracao. Os resultados das avaliacoes utilizando a analise “Pinch” sao comparados com os valores previstos pelos projetistas da planta, demonstrando que maior producao de energia eletrica poderia ser alcancada com menor consumo de combustivel e melhores eficiencias energetica e exergetica.
Nonattendance in Obstetrics and Gynecology Patients

Background: Nonattendance for obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) appointments disrupts medical care and leads to misuse of valuable resources. We investigated factors associated with nonattendance in an outpatient OB/GYN clinic. Methods: Nonattendance was examined for a period of 1 year in first-time visitors of an ambulatory OB/GYN clinic. The effects of age, population sector, the treating physician, waiting time, and timing of the appointment on the proportions of nonattendance were assessed. χ2 tests and logistic regression were used for simple and multiple regression models. Results: A total of 8,883 visits were included (median age 36 years). The proportion of nonattendance was 30.1%: 19.9% among rural Jewish, 30.5% in urban Jewish, and 36% in Bedouins (p < 0.001). Nonattendance increased from 26.6% among those waiting up to 1 week to 32.3% among those who waited more than 15 days (p < 0.001) and decreased with age (p < 0.001). A multiple logistic regression model demonstrated that age, population sector and waiting time for an appointment were significantly associated with nonattendance. Conclusion: Nonattendance in OB/GYN patients is independently associated with age, population sector and waiting time for an appointment. It is suggested that various solutions should be carefully introduced assessed regarding routine patient scheduling in OB/GYN clinics.
Serious Leisure and People with Orthopedic Impairment: Benefits and Constraints

There are many people around the world who have different types of disabilities. Understanding their needs is the first step of developing policies to increase their quality of life and satisfaction. Leisure is an essential need of disabled people and it plays an important role in disabled people’s lives. The purpose of this study is to gain a deep understanding on the serious leisure activities of people with orthopedic impairment, and also both benefits and constraints involved with serious leisure. Therefore, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 17 people who have orthopedic impairment. The data collected through interviews was analyzed by using a coding process. Findings of the study indicate that people with orthopedic impairment pursue many leisure activities. The research revealed that the participants were aware of significant individual and community benefits of serious leisure activities. Although the benefits of leisure for private and community life are obvious for people with orthopedic impairment, it is not always easy for them to pursue serious leisure activities. Disabled people recognize that there are many constraints involved with serious leisure. Based on the findings, these constraints are explained as psychological factors, family support, level of orthopedic impairment, community awareness and environmental factors, work and income.
Transfer Pricing and the Decision-Making Authority of the Tax Function in Multinational Companies

The allocation of decision rights is a fundamental issue of organizational design. We study the decision-making authority and respective outcomes within firms’ transfer pricing function where tax and managerial objectives typically conflict. Exploring unique survey data on transfer pricing systems of multinational companies, we investigate the extent to which the centralization of decision-making authority at the tax department is associated with (external) tax audit conflicts and (internal) coordination conflicts. We find that disputes with local tax authorities are more likely, i.e. tax risk is higher, when the tax department has ultimate authority over transfer pricing decisions. This result is consistent with theory predicting that central tax managers focus on firm-wide objectives instead of easing local tax audits. Internal coordination, however, seems to be unaffected by the allocation of decision rights to the tax department.
Effects of Glide Path on the Centering Ability and Preparation Time of Two Reciprocating Instruments

Introduction: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of establishing glide path on the centering ability and preparation time of two single-file reciprocating systems in mesial root canals of mandibular molars. Methods and Materials: Sixty extracted mandibular molars with curvatures of 25-39 degrees and separate foramina for the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals, were divided into four groups (n=15); WaveOne+glide path; WaveOne; Reciproc+glide path and Reciproc. Non-patent canals were excluded and only one canal in each tooth was instrumented. A manual glide path was established in first and third groups with #10, 15 and 20 hand K-files. Preparation was performed with reciprocating in-and-out motion, with a 3-4 mm amplitude and slight apical pressure. Initial and final radiographs were taken to analyze the amount of dentin removed in the instrumented canals. The radiographs were superimposed with an image editing software and examined to assess discrepancies at 3-, 6- and 9-mm distances from the apex. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: Preparation in groups without glide paths was swifter than the other groups (P=0.001). However, no difference was observed regarding centering ability. Conclusion: Establishing a glide path increased the total instrumentation time for preparing curved canals with WaveOne and Reciproc instruments. Glide path had no influence on the centering ability of these systems.
The lipoprotein components of the Isd and Hts transport systems are dispensable for acquisition of heme by Staphylococcus aureus.

Heme is a key molecule for Staphylococcus aureus and is involved in many aspects of oxidative metabolism. Crucially, heme is required for the activity of cytochromes of the electron transport chain. Staphylococcus aureus is able to obtain heme either through biosynthesis or through acquisition from the host. Clinically persistent 'small colony variant' (SCV) forms of S. aureus are frequently deficient for heme biosynthesis, and disruption of the hemB gene produces stable heme-auxotrophic strains that reproduce many SCV phenotypes. We sought to address the role of heme transport in SCVs by deleting components of the two described heme import systems, the iron-regulated surface determinant (Isd) and heme transport system (Hts) in wild-type S. aureus and hemB mutant backgrounds. Analysis of the growth of S. aureus hemB strains either singly or doubly deficient in isdE and htsA in the presence and absence of heme or hemoglobin revealed that S. aureus is able to obtain exogenous heme in the absence of these transporter components. These data suggest the presence of additional, as yet unidentified transporter components that enable S. aureus to internalize exogenous heme and contradict the proposed model that IsdE can transfer heme to the HtsBC permease.