Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Belastungs- und Erholungssteuerung im High-Intensity Ausdauertraining

Die Leistungsentwicklung im Rahmen eines High-Intensity Ausdauertrainings (HIT) steht in standiger Wechselwirkung mit den durch die hohen Reizintensitaten ausgelosten Ermudungs- und Erholungsprozesse. Erfolgt keine adaquate Steuerung von Belastung und Erholung, nimmt das Risiko fur chronische Uberlastungsreaktionen zu. Daher war das Ziel dieser Dissertation, evidenzbasierte Praxisleitlinien fur eine Belastungs- und Erholungssteuerung im HIT zu erarbeiten. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass (1.) die akuten Belastungs- und mittelfristigen Ermudungsreaktionen zwischen unterschiedlichen praxisublichen HIT-Protokollen teils erheblich variieren, (2.) die Sprungleistung, Muskelkontraktilitat, Creatinkinase-Aktivitat sowie eine subjektive Empfindensdiagnostik praktikable und potentiell sensitive Parameter zur Diagnostik von Beanspruchung und Ermudung im HIT sind und (3.) eine aktive Erholung weder messbaren Vor- noch Nachteil hinsichtlich des Regenerationsprozesses nach HIT besitzt.
Training Novice Users in Developing Strategies for Responding to Errors When Browsing the Web

Novice users frequently make errors when learning a new computer task and spend a large portion of their time trying to recover from errors. Three methods for helping novice users respond to errors have been presented in the literature: error management training, exploratory training, and conceptual models. In error management training, errors are presented as opportunities for learning, and users are instructed in strategies for coping with errors. In exploration, users are given an overview of their environment and are taught how to navigate through their task environment. Conceptual models are graphical or mathematical representations of a system that correspond closely to the real-world system. This experiment tested the effectiveness of these different approaches on training novice users to use the Internet. In this experiment, users received 3 hr of training on the World Wide Web and then were asked to perform a set of information retrieval tasks. Performance was measured in two ways: task performance and performance time. Participants who received exploratory training had significantly higher task performance. Participants who received exploration and conceptual models, both individually and together, were able to complete the tasks in less time. Error management had no significant effect on the performance of participants. In the task application of Web browsing, exploration seems to be the most appropriate training method for novice users.
New functions in translation termination uncovered for NMD factor UPF3B

Despite a wealth of biochemical data, the mechanism by which targets of the nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway are recognized during translation termination remains elusive. A new study by Neu‐Yilik et al ( ) using a fully reconstituted in vitro translation termination system reveals new roles for the NMD factor UPF3B in translation termination and a direct interaction between UPF3B and ribosome release factors.
Group-buying price mechanism with two suppliers

Group buying price (GBP) mechanism is a useful pricing mechanism in online selling. In this study, we focus on the case that buyers are small retailers, and there are two suppliers in the market. Retailers' ordering choice is discussed, and we also study how the supplier should set the GBP price curve. The conclusion shows that to beat the fixed price, the supplier should not use a small slope price curve. And retailers' group buying is not always better for the supplier.
La prestation logistique : origines, enjeux et perspectives.

La prestation logistique prend une importance grandissante en Europe, en Amerique du Nord, en Asie et, plus recemment, en Afrique du Nord et en Amerique du Sud. Au cœur de ce secteur en cours de structuration, de puissantes entreprises, denommees prestataires de services logistiques (PSL), couvrent desormais un large spectre d’activites pour le compte d’industriels et/ou de distributeurs. Omnipresents dans le management des flux physiques et d'informations, depuis les usines des fournisseurs jusqu’aux lineaires des magasins, en passant par les unites d’assemblage, les PSL les plus performants sont loin de se cantonner a de simples operations de transport et d’entreposage. Au contraire, ils n’ont cesse, depuis la fin des annees 1980, d’elargir leur offre de services a valeur ajoutee. C’est cette realite meconnue, veritable terra incognita pour le consommateur, et pourtant essentielle, qui est traitee de maniere systematique et originale dans cet ouvrage, le premier dans la litterature academique en langue francaise a se consacrer exclusivement a la prestation logistique. Integrant un tres grand nombre d’illustrations et de cas d’entreprises, tout en s’appuyant sur des grilles d’analyse eprouvees, l’ouvrage s’adresse a un public d’etudiants d’Universites et d’Ecoles de Commerce et d’Ingenieurs, en Licence d’economie et gestion, en Master de management specialise en logistique, mais aussi en strategie, en systemes d’information, en controle de gestion ou en marketing. Se demarquant des « recettes » a la mode, il interessera egalement les chercheurs et les praticiens (managers, consultants) qui souhaitent aborder, de facon critique, les origines, les enjeux et les perspectives strategiques les plus significatives en matiere de prestation logistique.
Assessment of Time to Clinical Response, a Proxy for Discharge Readiness, among Hospitalized Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia Who Received either Ceftaroline Fosamil or Ceftriaxone in Two Phase III FOCUS Trials

ABSTRACT The primary driver of health care costs for patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the hospital length of stay (LOS). Unfortunately, hospital LOS comparisons are difficult to make from phase III CAP trials because of their structured designs and prespecified treatment durations. However, an opportunity still exists to draw inferences about potential LOS differences between treatments through the use of surrogates for hospital discharge. The intent of this study was to quantify the time to a clinical response, a proxy for the time to discharge readiness, among hospitalized CAP patients who received either ceftaroline or ceftriaxone in two phase III CAP FOCUS clinical trials. On the basis of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and American Thoracic Society CAP management guidelines and recent FDA guidance documents for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, a post hoc adjudication algorithm was constructed a priori to compare the time to a clinical response, a proxy for the time to discharge readiness, between patients who received ceftaroline or ceftriaxone. Overall, 1,116 patients (ceftaroline, n = 562; ceftriaxone, n = 554) from the pooled FOCUS trials met the selection criteria for this analysis. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that ceftaroline was associated with a shorter time, measured in days, to meeting the clinical response criteria (P = 0.03). Of the patients on ceftaroline, 61.0, 76.1, and 83.6% achieved a clinical response by days 3, 4, and 5, compared to 54.3, 69.8, and 79.3% of the ceftriaxone-treated patients. In the Cox regression, ceftaroline was associated with a shorter time to a clinical response (HR, 1.16, P = 0.02). The methodology employed here provides a framework to draw comparative effectiveness inferences from phase III CAP efficacy trials. (The FOCUS trials whose data were analyzed in this study have been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00621504 and NCT00509106.)
Characteristic differences between saliva-dependent aggregation and adhesion of streptococci

Comparison of saliva-mediated aggregation of Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mitis, and Streptococcus mutans and adhesion of these organisms to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite showed that there was no relationship between these two activities. Adsorption of salivary aggregating activity to bacteria appears to have little effect on the ability of the residual saliva to support adherence; conversely, adsorption of salivary adherence factors to hydroxyapatite does not affect aggregation. Although heating saliva significantly reduces bacterial aggregation, it has little or no effect on adherence. A comparison of aggregation and adhesion with serial dilutions of saliva demonstrated that adhesion could still be detected at 100 to 500-fold-lower concentrations of salivary protein that bacterial aggregation. These findings support the concept that aggregation and adherence involve two distinct mechanisms of microbial clearance in the oral cavity.
Fulminant Ocular Toxoplasmosis: The Hazards of Corticosteroid Monotherapy

ABSTRACT Purpose: To describe fulminant toxoplasma retinochoroiditis induced by corticosteroid monotherapy. Methods: Clinical records of nine patients were reviewed. Results: All patients (five female, four male; aged 15–64 years) had been misdiagnosed as unilateral non-infectious uveitis and given systemic and/or local corticosteroid injections elsewhere. Mean disease duration before referral was 105.6 ± 71 (45–240) days. Visual acuity at presentation was <20/200 in six eyes. Average lesion size was 6.6 disc areas in eight eyes and all four quadrants were involved in one. Toxoplasma DNA was detected in eight tested eyes. Mean duration of anti-toxoplasmic therapy was 92.5 ± 37.1 days. Three eyes developed rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Four patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy. Final visual acuity was <20/200 in five eyes. Conclusions: Iatrogenic immunosuppression due to initial misdiagnosis may lead to an aggressive course and serious complications of ocular toxoplasmosis, a potentially self-limiting infection.
PSD-95 Interacts with NBCn1 and Enhances Channel-like Activity without Affecting Na/HCO3 Cotransport

Background/Aims: The sodium/bicarbonate transporter NBCn1 plays an essential role in intracellular pH regulation and transepithelial HCO3– movement in the body. NBCn1 also has sodium channel-like activity uncoupled to Na/HCO3 cotransport. We previously reported that NBCn1 interacts with the postsynaptic density protein PSD-95 in the brain. Here, we elucidated the structural determinant and functional consequence of NBCn1/PSD-95 interaction. Methods: Results: In rat hippocampal CA3 neurons, NBCn1 was localized to the postsynaptic membranes of both dendritic shafts and spines and occasionally to the presynaptic membranes. A GST/NBCn1 fusion protein containing the C-terminal 131 amino acids of NBCn1 pulled down PSD-95 from rat brain lysates, whereas GST/NBCn1-ΔETSL (deletion of the last four amino acids) and GST/NBCn2 (NCBE) lacking the same ETSL did not. NBCn1 and PSD-95 were coimmunoprecipitated in HEK 293 cells, and their interaction did not affect the efficacy of PSD-95 to bind to the NMDA receptor NR2A. PSD-95 has negligible effects on intracellular pH changes mediated by NBCn1 in HEK 293 cells and Xenopus oocytes. However, PSD-95 increased an ionic conductance produced by NBCn1 channel-like activity. This increase was abolished by NBCn1-ΔETSL or by the peptide containing the last 15 amino acids of NBCn1. Conclusion: Our data suggest that PSD-95 interacts with NBCn1 and increases its channel-like activity while negligibly affecting Na/HCO3 cotransport. The possibility that the channel-like activity occurs via an intermolecular cavity of multimeric NBCn1 proteins is discussed.
Cortical input in control of swallowing

Purpose of reviewThis review presents a current synopsis of newer research in cortical control of swallowing and its relationship to advancing knowledge in the field of human swallowing neurophysiology. The intent is to highlight recent findings and to stimulate potential research questions not yet investigated. Recent findingsAdvances in human brain imaging have led to a wealth of newer insights into the cortical and subcortical control of human swallowing. This includes a better understanding of the hemispheric contributions to swallowing control and the mechanisms that underlie recovery or compensation after neurological injury. SummaryThrough advances in imaging and neuroimaging techniques, our knowledge of the neuroanatomy and physiology of swallowing has increased dramatically over the last decade. Integration and interconnection of the diverse swallowing cortical network and how sensory input influences swallowing cortical activation has started to provide a better understanding of the physiological mechanisms that underpin this exquisite yet fundamental sensorimotor function. Experimental paradigms for swallowing neural reorganization have begun to provide evidence for their translation into clinical practice for dysphagia rehabilitation.
Nutritional requirements in parasitic diseases.

"Nutritional requirements" means different things in different contexts. Generally, the term refers to national or international standards or allowances of nutrients. Concern here involves the potential need for a change of standards where conditions of disease prevail, because disease increases the nutritional requirements of most individuals. "Nutritional requirements" may also be viewed in terms of food supplies. Analysis of a number of studies indicates that the average growth deficit due to endemic infectious diseases in early life is less than or equal to 20 kcal per day (calculated as 5 kcal/g of tissue). Increased weight gain following treatment of intestinal parasites such as Ascaris lumbricoides or Giardia lamblia provides similar estimates, as does measurement of energy and protein absorption. These values are within normal variance estimates. Sick children do not eat well and apparently do not eat enough on healthy days to correct for the accrued food deficit. Research on nutritional requirements of children needs to focus on management of food resources in entire families.
SITUATING THE CLAIBORNE SOAPSTONE VESSEL CACHE IN THE HISTORY OF POVERTY POINT

A cache of 12 soapstone vessels from the Claiborne site in Mississippi was recently repatriated to the state after being excavated in 1968 and removed to Ohio. As a locus of Poverty Point affiliation, Claiborne was positioned along a Gulf Coast route for the influx of soapstone into the lower Mississippi valley from quarries in the southern Appalachians, hundreds of kilometers to the east. Although residents of Claiborne were likely to have been active traders during the heyday of Poverty Point exchange, ca. 3600–3400 cal BP, new AMS assays on carbon deposits from seven of the soapstone vessels show that the cache was emplaced ~200 years later, during or shortly before the abandonment of Poverty Point. Reported here are the results of AMS assays, observations on vessel form and function, and preliminary inferences about the significance of the cache in the context of environmental and cultural change after 3200 cal BP. Un depósito votivo de doce vasijas de esteatita, procedentes del sitio Claiborne en Misisipi, fue repatriado recientemente a su estado de origen después de haber sido excavado en 1968 y reubicado en el estado de Ohio. Siendo uno de los centros asociados con Poverty Point, Claiborne fue establecido en la ruta de la costa del Golfo de México para el ingreso y circulación de la esteatita en el Valle Bajo del Misisipi; dicho mineral proviene de los yacimientos ubicados al sur de los Apalaches, a cientos de kilómetros al este. Si bien es posible que los pobladores de Claiborne participaron activamente en el intercambio inter-regional durante el apogeo de Poverty Point, aproximadamente 3600–3400 años cal A.P., nuevas pruebas de datación por AMS (trad. es. Espectrometría de Masas con Aceleradores) en los residuos carbónicos que fueron extraídos de siete de las doce vasijas de esteatita indican que el conjunto votivo fue depositado cerca de 200 años después, durante o poco antes del abandono de Poverty Point. A continuación, se presentan los resultados de las pruebas por AMS, las observaciones sobre la forma y función de estas vasijas, y las inferencias preliminares sobre la importancia de este depósito votivo en el contexto de los cambios ambientales y culturales ocurridos después de 3200 años cal A.P.
Is botulinum toxin type A effective in the treatment of spastic shoulder pain in patients after stroke? A double-blind randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of spastic shoulder pain in patients after stroke. DESIGN Double-blind randomized clinical trial. PATIENTS Of 31 patients enrolled from an acute-care hospital in Spain, 2 cases dropped out (drop-out rate 6.5%). Fourteen subjects were treated with infiltration of 500 units of botulinum toxin type A in the pectoralis major muscle of the paretic side, and 15 with a placebo. METHODS After infiltration, both groups received transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for 6 weeks. Patients were assessed by the use of the Visual Analogue Scale for pain. A good result concerning pain was considered when the Visual Analogue Scale score was below 33.3 mm or less than half the initial score. The patients were followed-up for 6 months. RESULTS The patients treated with botulinum toxin type A showed a significantly greater pain improvement from the first week post-infiltration. Persistent shoulder pain was observed more frequently in the placebo group, with relative risks in the range 0.32-0.41 during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION Patients with spastic shoulder pain treated with a botulinum toxin type A infiltration in the pectoralis major muscle of the paretic side have a higher likelihood of pain relief (between 2.43- and 3.11-fold).
Pricing mediated bandwidth allocation for the next generation Internet

In this paper, we model users of next generation services by means of utility differentiated classes. Noncooperative game theory is employed to explain user behavior with respect to the network price. Rate control algorithms for attaining such a noncooperative Nash equilibrium are then presented. We extend our previous model of a single link fed by Poisson traffic to encompass a generic network and non-Poisson traffic. These results can be applied to a wide variety of future networks ranging from LSPs in MPLS networks to wavelength paths in WDM networks.
Knowledge Sharing Perception: Multiple Case Studies in Indonesian IT Consulting Companies

In this globalization era, companies are required to keep learning and changing. In the process of changing, companies need to be adaptive and innovative. Therefore, a company needs to cultivate and maintain its knowledge. Among other ways, it can be achieved by encouraging the process of knowledge sharing within the company. Hence, this study aims to know the perception of the employee regarding knowledge sharing. An assessment of employee perceptions toward knowledge sharing was conducted by using questionnaires for employees in three consulting companies in Indonesia, namely Pusilkom UI, Altrovis and Usmart. This study concludes that the factors that encourage knowledge sharing are the intrinsic factors rather than the extrinsic factors. Organization can drive the success of knowledge sharing by providing supporting facilities.
How True Is Grit? Assessing Its Relations to High School and College Students’ Personality Characteristics, Self-Regulation, Engagement, and Achievement

Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews, and Kelly (2007) defined grit as one’s passion and perseverance toward long-term goals. They proposed that it consists of 2 components: consistency of interests and perseverance of effort. In a high school and college student sample, we used a multidimensional item response theory approach to examine (a) the factor structure of grit, and (b) grit’s relations to and overlap with conceptually and operationally similar constructs in the personality, self-regulation, and engagement literatures, including self-control, conscientiousness, cognitive self-regulation, effort regulation, behavioral engagement, and behavioral disaffection. A series of multiple regression analyses with factor scores was used to examine (c) grit’s prediction of end-of-semester course grades. Findings indicated that grit’s factor structure differed to some degree across high school and college students. Students’ grit overlapped empirically with their concurrently reported self-control, self-regulation, and engagement. Students’ perseverance of effort (but not their consistency of interests) predicted their later grades, although other self-regulation and engagement variables were stronger predictors of students’ grades than was grit.
Association of the inflammatory state in active juvenile rheumatoid arthritis with hypo-high-density lipoproteinemia and reduced lipoprotein-associated platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activity.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the quantitative and qualitative abnormalities of apolipoprotein B (Apo B)- and Apo A-I-containing lipoproteins and between lipoprotein-associated platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) as a function of the inflammatory state. METHODS Twenty-six JRA patients and 22 age- and sex-matched control subjects with normal lipid levels participated in the study. Fourteen patients had active disease, and 12 had inactive disease. Plasma lipoproteins were fractionated by gradient ultracentrifugation into 9 subfractions, and their chemical composition and mass were determined. The PAF-AH activity associated with lipoprotein subfractions and the activity in plasma were also measured. RESULTS Patients with active JRA had significantly lower plasma total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels as compared with controls, due to the decrease in the mass of both the HDL2 and HDL3 subfractions. Patients with active JRA also had higher plasma triglyceride levels, mainly due to the higher triglyceride content of the very low-density lipoprotein plus the intermediate-density lipoprotein subfraction. The plasma PAF-AH activity in patients with active JRA was lower than that in controls, mainly due to the decrease in PAF-AH activity associated with the intermediate and dense low-density lipoprotein subclasses. The lipid abnormalities and the reduction in plasma PAF-AH activity were significantly correlated with plasma C-reactive protein levels and were not observed in patients with inactive JRA. CONCLUSION This is the first study to show that patients with active JRA exhibit low levels of HDL2 and HDL3 and are deficient in plasma PAF-AH activity. These alterations suggest that active JRA is associated with partial loss of the antiinflammatory activity of plasma Apo B- and Apo A-I-containing lipoproteins.