Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-processing framework for enhanced UWB channel modeling from band-limited measurements

This paper proposes a general framework that allows one to retrieve accurate UWB channel parameters from band-limited vector network analyzer (VNA) measurements. It is demonstrated that a specific post-processing technique, including a passband Hermitian reconstruction (PHR) and an estimation algorithm based on the frequency domain maximum likelihood criterion (FDML), makes it possible to reach super-resolution from band-limited measurements. Whereas the short bandwidth results in a poor precision when estimating differential path delays with traditional processing, the proposed method provides much thinner temporal precision, resolution and even actual path polarity.
A Comparison of Four Methods of Weighting Double Difference Pseudorange Measurements

Abstract Differential GPS pseudorange measurements can be used to achieve metre level positions suitable for a wide variety of applications. The most significant detrimental factor affecting position estimates determined using pseudorange measurements is signal multipath. Multipath errors are typically a maximum at low satellite elevations, where most physical obstructions are located. Pseudorange measurements can be weighted appropriately in an attempt to minimise the effects of multipath on computed positions. The satellite elevation and signal strength (as defined by the signal to noise ratio) are two factors which can be used either separately or in combination. This paper presents an analysis of four weighting schemes, one based solely on satellite elevation, another solely on signal to noise ratio, a third on a combination of the first two schemes and finally a scheme which applies equal weight to all measurements. The results of a test conducted over a twenty-four hour period indicate that inferior.
Four unusual novae observed in Torun: V2362 Cyg, V2467 Cyg, V458 Vul, V2491 Cyg

We present photometric and spectral observation for four novae: V2362 Cyg, V2467 Cyg, V458 Vul, V2491 Cyg. All objects belongs to the "fast novae" class. For these stars we observed different departures from a typical behavior in the light curve and spectrum.
Gravitational fluctuations of the galaxy distribution

Aims. We study the statistical properties of the gravitational field generated by galaxy distribution observed by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (DR7). We characterize the probability density function (PDF) of gravitational force fluctuations and relate its limiting behaviors to the correlation properties of the underlying density field. In addition, we study whether the PDF converges to an asymptotic shape within sample volumes. Methods. We consider several volume-limited samples of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and we compute the gravitational force probability density function (PDF). The gravitational force is computed in spheres of varying radius as is its PDF. Results. We find that (i) the PDF of the force displays features that can be understood in terms of galaxy two-point correlations and (ii) density fluctuations on the largest scales probed, i.e. r ≈ 100 Mpc h −1 , still contribute significantly to the amplitude of the gravitational force. Conclusions. Our main conclusion is that fluctuations in the gravitational force field generated by galaxy structures are also relevant on scales ∼100 Mpc h −1 . By assuming that the gravitational fluctuations in the galaxy distribution reflect those in the whole matter distribution, and that peculiar velocities and accelerations are simply correlated, we may conclude that large-scale fluctuations in the galaxy density field may be the source of the large-scale flows recently observed.
Comparison of halo detection from noisy weak lensing convergence maps with Gaussian smoothing and MRLens treatment

Taking into account the noise from intrinsic ellipticities of source galaxies, we study the efficiency and completeness of halo detections from weak lensing convergence maps. Particularly, with numerical simulations, we compare the Gaussian filter with the so called MRLens treatment based on the modification of the Maximum Entropy Method. For a pure noise field without lensing signals, a Gaussian smoothing results in a residual noise field that is approximately Gaussian in terms of statistics if a large enough number of galaxies are included in the smoothing window. On the other hand, the noise field after the MRLens treatment is significantly non-Gaussian, resulting in complications in characterizing the noise effects. Considering weak-lensing cluster detections, although the MRLens treatment effectively deletes false peaks arising from noise, it removes the real peaks heavily due to its inability to distinguish real signals with relatively low amplitudes from noise in its restoration process. The higher the noise level is, the larger the removal effects are for the real peaks. For a survey with a source density n g ~ 30 arcmin -2 , the number of peaks found in an area of 3×3 deg 2 after MRLens filtering is only ~ 50 for the detection threshold κ = 0.02, while the number of halos with M > 5 × 10 13 M ⊙ and with redshift z ≤ 2 in the same area is expected to be ~ 530. For the Gaussian smoothing treatment, the number of detections is ~ 260, much larger than that of the MRLens. The Gaussianity of the noise statistics in the Gaussian smoothing case adds further advantages for this method to circumvent the problem of the relatively low efficiency in weak-lensing cluster detections. Therefore, in studies aiming to construct large cluster samples from weak-lensing surveys, the Gaussian smoothing method performs significantly better than the MRLens treatment.
Do siblings always form and evolve simultaneously? Testing the coevality of multiple protostellar systems through SEDs

Context. Multiplicity is common in field stars and among protostellar systems. Models suggest two paths of formation: turbulent fragmentation and protostellar disk fragmentation. Aims. We attempt to find whether or not the coevality frequency of multiple protostellar systems can help to better understand their formation mechanism. The coevality frequency is determined by constraining the relative evolutionary stages of the components in a multiple system. Methods. Spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for known multiple protostars in Perseus were constructed from literature data. Herschel PACS photometric maps were used to sample the peak of the SED for systems with separations ≥7″, a crucial aspect in determining the evolutionary stage of a protostellar system. Inclination effects and the surrounding envelope and outflows were considered to decouple source geometry from evolution. This together with the shape and derived properties from the SED was used to determine each system’s coevality as accurately as possible. SED models were used to examine the frequency of non-coevality that is due to geometry. Results. We find a non-coevality frequency of 33 ± 10% from the comparison of SED shapes of resolved multiple systems. Other source parameters suggest a somewhat lower frequency of non-coevality. The frequency of apparent non-coevality that is due to random inclination angle pairings of model SEDs is 17 ± 0.5%. Observations of the outflow of resolved multiple systems do not suggest significant misalignments within multiple systems. Effects of unresolved multiples on the SED shape are also investigated. Conclusions. We find that one-third of the multiple protostellar systems sampled here are non-coeval, which is more than expected from random geometric orientations. The other two-thirds are found to be coeval. Higher order multiples show a tendency to be non-coeval. The frequency of non-coevality found here is most likely due to formation and enhanced by dynamical evolution.
Galaxy formation with local photoionization feedback – I. Methods

We present a first study of the effect of local photoionising radiation on gas cooling in smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations of galaxy formation. We explore the combined effect of ionising radiation from young and old stellar populations. The method computes the effect of multiple radiative sources using the same tree algorithm used for gravity, so it is computationally efficient and well resolved. The method foregoes calculating absorption and scattering in favour of a constant escape fraction for young stars to keep the calculation efficient enough to simulate the entire evolution of a galaxy in a cosmological context to the present day. This allows us to quantify the effect of the local photoionisation feedback through the whole history of a galaxy`s formation. The simulation of a Milky Way like galaxy using the local photoionisation model forms ~ 40 % less stars than a simulation that only includes a standard uniform background UV field. The local photoionisation model decreases star formation by increasing the cooling time of the gas in the halo and increasing the equilibrium temperature of dense gas in the disc. Coupling the local radiation field to gas cooling from the halo provides a preventive feedback mechanism which keeps the central disc light and produces slowly rising rotation curves without resorting to extreme feedback mechanisms. These preliminary results indicate that the effect of local photoionising sources is significant and should not be ignored in models of galaxy formation.
Very large scale structures in growing neutrino quintessence

A quintessence scalar field or cosmon interacting with neutrinos can have important effects on cosmological structure formation. Within growing neutrino models the coupling becomes effective only in recent times, when neutrinos become nonrelativistic, stopping the evolution of the cosmon. This can explain why dark energy dominates the Universe only in a rather recent epoch by relating the present dark energy density to the small mass of neutrinos. Such models predict the presence of stable neutrino lumps at supercluster scales ({approx}200 Mpc and bigger), caused by an attractive force between neutrinos which is stronger than gravity and mediated by the cosmon. We present a method to follow the initial nonlinear formation of neutrino lumps in physical space, by integrating numerically on a 3D grid nonlinear evolution equations, until virialization naturally occurs. As a first application, we show results for cosmologies with final large neutrino average mass {approx}2 eV: in this case, neutrino lumps indeed form and mimic very large cold dark matter structures, with a typical gravitational potential 10{sup -5} for a lump size {approx}10 Mpc, and reaching larger values for lumps of about 200 Mpc. A rough estimate of the cosmological gravitational potential at small k in the nonlinear regime,more » {Phi}{sub {nu}=}10{sup -6}(k/k{sub 0}){sup -2}, 1.2x10{sup -2} h/Mpc<k{sub 0}<7.8x10{sup -2} h/Mpc, turns out to be many orders of magnitude smaller than an extrapolation of the linear evolution of density fluctuations. The size of the neutrino-induced gravitational potential could modify the spectrum of CMB anisotropies for small angular momenta. « less
A Study on Situational Awareness Security and Privacy of Wearable Health Monitoring Devices

Situational Awareness provides a user centric approach to security and privacy. The human factor is often recognised as the weakest link in security, therefore situational perception and risk awareness play a leading role in the adoption and implementation of security mechanisms. In this study we assess the understanding of security and privacy of users in possession of wearable devices. The findings demonstrate privacy complacency, as the majority of users trust the application and the wearable device manufacturer. Moreover the survey findings demonstrate a lack of understanding of security and privacy by the sample population. Finally the theoretical implications of the findings are discussed. Keyword: Situational Awareness, eHealth, Wearables, Security, Privacy,
Nonlinear envelope equation for broadband optical pulses in quadratic media

We derive a nonlinear envelope equation to describe the propagation of broadband optical pulses in second-order nonlinear materials. The equation is first order in the propagation coordinate and is valid for arbitrarily wide pulse bandwidth. Our approach goes beyond the usual coupled wave description of ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(2)}$ phenomena and provides an accurate modeling of the evolution of ultra-broadband pulses also when the separation into different coupled frequency components is not possible or not profitable.
Facial Identification at a Virtual Reality Airport

Person identification at airports requires the comparison of a passport photograph with its bearer. In psychology, this process is typically studied with static pairs of face photographs that require identity-match (same person shown) versus mismatch (two different people) decisions, but this approach provides a limited proxy for studying how environment and social interaction factors affect this task. In this study, we explore the feasibility of virtual reality (VR) as a solution to this problem, by examining the identity matching of avatars in a VR airport. We show that facial photographs of real people can be rendered into VR avatars in a manner that preserves image and identity information (Experiments 1 to 3). We then show that identity matching of avatar pairs reflects similar cognitive processes to the matching of face photographs (Experiments 4 and 5). This pattern holds when avatar matching is assessed in a VR airport (Experiments 6 and 7). These findings demonstrate the feasibility of VR as a new method for investigating face matching in complex environments.
Systems approach reveals photosensitivity and PER2 level as determinants of clock‐modulator efficacy

In mammals, the master circadian clock synchronizes daily rhythms of physiology and behavior with the day–night cycle. Failure of synchrony, which increases the risk for numerous chronic diseases, can be treated by phase adjustment of the circadian clock pharmacologically, for example, with melatonin, or a CK1δ/ε inhibitor. Here, using in silico experiments with a systems pharmacology model describing molecular interactions, and pharmacokinetic and behavioral experiments in cynomolgus monkeys, we find that the circadian phase delay caused by CK1δ/ε inhibition is more strongly attenuated by light in diurnal monkeys and humans than in nocturnal mice, which are common preclinical models. Furthermore, the effect of CK1δ/ε inhibition strongly depends on endogenous PER2 protein levels, which differs depending on both the molecular cause of the circadian disruption and the patient's lighting environment. To circumvent such large interindividual variations, we developed an adaptive chronotherapeutics to identify precise dosing regimens that could restore normal circadian phase under different conditions. Our results reveal the importance of photosensitivity in the clinical efficacy of clock‐modulating drugs, and enable precision medicine for circadian disruption.
An Empirical Application of the Delone and Mclean Model in the Kuwaiti Private Sector

An empirical application of the DeLone and McLean model in private sector organizations of Kuwait is presented. Seven organizations representing the seven sectors in the Kuwaiti Stock market participated. Certain direct associations between the variables in the original DeLone and McLean model were supported from initial correlation analysis. Subsequent regression analyses confirmed these associations. Information quality and system quality impact user satisfaction significantly. System usage has a significant influence on individual impact.
Severe Infantile Bullous Pemphigoid Treated with Dapsone after Bridging with Systemic Glucocorticoid

We present a case of severe and treatment-refractory bullous pemphigoid in a 3-month-old child. After topical and systemic corticoid treatment proved inefficient, dapsone 0.75 mg/kg was added initially without success. Disease control was reached with dapsone 1.5 mg/kg in addition to both topical and systemic glucocorticoid treatment, leaving the child with several side effects of the glucocorticoid treatment.
Trends and Inpatient Outcomes of Venous Thromboembolism-Related Admissions in Patients with Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Abstract Background Patients with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), including polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytosis (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (MF), have a significant risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We aim to determine the trends in annual rates of VTE-related admissions, associated cost, length of stay (LOS), and in-hospital mortality in patients with MPN. Methods We identified patients with PV, ET, and MF from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2006 to 2014 using ICD-9CM coding. Hospitalizations where VTE was among the top-three diagnoses were considered VTE-related. We compared in-hospital outcomes between VTE and non-VTE hospitalizations using chi-square and Mann–Whitney U-test and used linear regression for trend analysis. Results We identified 1,046,666 admissions with a diagnosis of MPN. Patients were predominantly white (65.6%), females (52.7%), with a median age of 66 years (range: 18–108). The predominant MPN was ET (54%). There was no difference in in-hospital mortality between groups (VTE: 3.4% vs. non-VTE: 3.2%; p = 0.12); however, VTE admissions had a longer LOS (median: 6 vs. 5 days; p < 0.01) and higher cost (median: VTE US$32,239 vs. 28,403; p ≤ 0.01). The annual rate of VTE admissions decreased over time (2006: 3.94% vs. 2014: 2.43%; p ≤ 0.01), compared with non-VTE–related admissions. Conclusion In our study, VTE-related admissions had similar in-hospital mortality as compared with non-VTE–related admissions. The rates of hospitalizations due to VTE have decreased over time but are associated with a higher cost and LOS. Newer risk assessment tools may assist in preventing VTE in high-risk patients and optimizing resource utilization.
Mood States and Everyday Creativity: Employing an Experience Sampling Method and a Day Reconstruction Method

Investigating the mood-creativity relationship in everyday life is important for innovation promotion in organizational management. This study explores the relationship between mood states and everyday creativity using two different measurement methods. Both the experience sampling method (ESM) and the day reconstruction method (DRM) were simultaneously applied to conduct a 15-day follow-up study of the relationship between 10 typical positive and negative moods and creativity in daily situations. In total, 31 corporate employees participated in the study. Participants reported their mood states and creativity at three time points per day by using ESM; they also recalled and reported their mood states and creativity for at least three major events per day at the end of each day by using DRM. In total, we collected 935 valid measurements from ESM and 1260 valid measurements from DRM. The results revealed that highly active, positive moods including happiness, concentration, feeling active and interested had significant positive correlations with creativity, while the low-activity, negative mood states of feeling tired and sleepy were associated with low creativity. Both DRM-based and ESM-based results were largely consistent in measuring individual’s mood states and everyday creativity. To our knowledge, this is the first study to conduct DRM for mood-creativity relationship. The high consistency between the two daily research methods provides further empirical evidence toward a comprehensive understanding of mood and creativity. As DRM imposes a lessened respondent load on the participants as compared to ESM, our results suggest DRM as a promising tool for further mood-creativity research.
Profile of computed tomography scan findings of patients diagnosed with pancreatic neoplasm at Dr. George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria, South Africa

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the profile of abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan findings of patients diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and other pancreatic neoplasm that simulates pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which constitute the majority of pancreatic neoplasm at Dr. George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria, South Africa. Materials and Methods: A prospective study of abdominal CT scans of 67 patients, aged 12 years and older, with histologically confirmed pancreatic neoplasms, including their medical records and laboratory results, from November 1, 2013 to June 30, 2017, was conducted. CT scan images were acquired with 128 slices, Philips, and GE CT scanners. Statistical analysis was made using a Statistical Program for the Social Sciences software SPSS (version 22.0). Results: There were 36 females (53.7%) and 31 males (46.3%) in this series and four demised. The ages of the patients ranged from 12 to 90 years. The most common clinical presentation was obstructive jaundice (86.6%). The predominant histological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma (74.6%), followed by primary lymphoma of the pancreas (13.4%) and 65.7% of the pancreatic neoplasms were unresectable, while most of the other pancreatic neoplasms based on their CT scan findings masqueraded as pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma demonstrated both typical and atypical CT scan findings. Conclusion: Accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of pancreatic neoplasms are important because of their high morbidity and mortality. The majority of the pancreatic neoplasms were unresectable at the time of their presentation. A multidisciplinary management team is recommended since pancreatic neoplasms still remain a serious clinical challenge.