Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment for the Dunnigan‐type familial partial lipodystrophy with Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass

painless thyroiditis from those with Graves’ disease or toxic nodular goitre. Patients with painless thyroiditis are usually asymptomatic and require no therapy but follow up is important as more than a half may subsequently develop hypothyroidism. LiAT patients with Graves’ disease or toxic nodular goitre are best initially treated with carbimazole, and later many may require ablative therapy.
Detection and replication of linkage to a complex human disease

Efforts to map susceptibility loci for complex human diseases frequently result in weak evidence for linkage, followed by failures to convincingly replicate. If a disease locus influences both affection status (AF) and a quantitative trait, a variant of the extreme discordant sib pair (EDSP) strategy may be used to judiciously sample families for a replication study. This approach was evaluated by conducting joint segregation and linkage analysis of four bivariate phenotypes, each comprising AF and one quantitative trait (Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5), and undertaking a genomic scan of the GAW10 Problem 2B data set. Suggestive evidence was found for linkage of AF/Q2 to marker D8G26 (lod = 1.63, χ2 = 7.52, p = 3.05 × 10‐3). Sets of 23 EDSP families were selected based on Q2 values that demarcated the bottom 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, or 20% of the distribution. Highly significant evidence for linkage was found when the 1% or 2% cutoffs were used (lod > 4, χ2 20, p < 4 × 10‐6), but more than 1,000 families had to be screened. Significant evidence for linkage (lod = 3.24, χ2 = 14.91, p = 5.63 × 10‐5) was found in the EDSP sample obtained using a 5% cutoff; about 300 families had to be screened. Only suggestive evidence for linkage (lod = 1.65, χ2 = 7.59, p = 2.93 × 10‐3) was found in non‐EDSP families. Use of EDSP sampling variants can permit convincing replications not otherwise obtainable in the genetic analysis of complex diseases. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exercise paradoxically modulates oxidized low density lipoproteininduced adhesion molecules expression and trans-endothelial migration of monocyte in men

Summary Physical exercise can affect the risk of cardiovascular disease. Oxidized-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) promotes transendothelial migration (TEM) of monocyte, thereby accelerating the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This study investigated how exercise intensity affects monocyte/EC interactions under ox LDL-mediated condition. Light (LIE), moderate (MIE) and high (HIE) intensity exercise (i.e., 40%, 60%, and 80%V . O2max, respectively) on a bicycle ergometer in 18 sedentary healthy men were performed on three separate occasions. Before and immediately after exercise, ox-LDL-promoted expressions of monocyte adhesion molecules and TEM of monocyte, as well as oxidation of LDL and amounts of soluble adhesion molecules in plasma were measured. Analytical results showed that (1) ox-LDL furthered monocyte L-selectin shedding and Mac-1 expression, and an attendant increase in TEM of monocyte, while treating the monocyte with Mac-1 antibody inhibited the ox-LDL-promoted TEM of monocyte; (2) under ox-LDL-treated condition, MIE increased monocyte Mac-1 and LFA-1 expressions, enhancing the TEM of monocyte, whereas HIE downregulated monocyte Mac-1 expression, suppressing theTEM of monocyte; (3) LIE decreased basal LFA-1 expression as well as basal and ox-LDL-promoted TEM of monocyte; and (4) MIE and HIE, but not LIE, elevated plasma ox-LDL level, while there were no significant changes in sL-selectin, sE-selectin, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 following these exercises. Therefore, we conclude that monocyte activation and subsequent TEM promoted by ox-LDL are changed by short-term exercise in an intensity-dependent manner. These findings provide a new insight into the may aid the development of suitable exercise intensity enable people to prevent early atherogenesis.
Carbapenem‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii acquired before liver transplantation: Impact on recipient outcomes

Infection with carbapenem‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) after liver transplantation (LT) is associated with high mortality. This study aimed to identify risk factors for post‐LT CRAB infection, as well as to evaluate the impact of pre‐LT CRAB acquisition on the incidence of post‐LT CRAB infection. This was a prospective cohort study of all patients undergoing LT at our facility between October 2009 and October 2011. Surveillance cultures (SCs) were collected immediately before LT and weekly thereafter, until discharge. We analyzed 196 patients who were submitted to 222 LTs. CRAB was identified in 105 (53.6%); 24 (22.9%) of these patients were found to have acquired CRAB before LT, and 85 (81.0%) tested positive on SCs. Post‐LT CRAB infection occurred in 56 (28.6%), the most common site being the surgical wound. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for developing CRAB infection were prolonged cold ischemia, post‐LT dialysis, LT due to fulminant hepatitis, and pre‐LT CRAB acquisition with pre‐LT CRAB acquisition showing a considerable trend toward significance (P = 0.06). Among the recipients with CRAB infection, 60‐day mortality was 46.4%, significantly higher than among those without (P < 0.001). Mortality risk factors were post‐LT infection with multidrug‐resistant bacteria, LT performed because of fulminant hepatitis, retransplantation, prolonged cold ischemia, longer LT surgical time, and pre‐LT CRAB acquisition, the last showing a trend toward significance (P = 0.08). In conclusion, pre‐LT CRAB acquisition appears to increase the risk of post‐LT CRAB infection, which has a negative impact on recipient survival. Liver Transplantation 22 615‐626 2016 AASLD.
Upregulation of Surface Feline CXCR4 Expression following Ectopic Expression of CCR5: Implications for Studies of the Cell Tropism of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT Feline CXCR4 and CCR5 were expressed in feline cells as fusion proteins with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Expression of the EGFP fusion proteins was localized to the cell membrane, and surface expression of CXCR4 was confirmed by using a cross-species-reactive anti-CXCR4 monoclonal antibody. Ectopic expression of feline CCR5 enhanced expression of either endogenous feline CXCR4 or exogenous feline or human CXCR4 expressed from a retrovirus vector, indicating that experiments investigating the effect of CCR5 expression on feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection must be interpreted with caution. Susceptibility to infection with cell culture-adapted strains of FIV or to syncytium formation following transfection with a eukaryotic vector expressing an env gene from a cell culture-adapted strain of virus correlated with expression of either human or feline CXCR4, whereas feline CCR5 had no effect. In contrast, neither CXCR4 nor CCR5 rendered cells permissive to either productive infection with primary strains of FIV or syncytium formation following transfection with primary env gene expression vectors. Screening a panel of Ghost cell lines expressing diverse human chemokine receptors confirmed that CXCR4 alone supported fusion mediated by the FIV Env from cell culture-adapted viruses. CXCR4 expression was upregulated in Ghost cells coexpressing CXCR4 and CCR5 or CXCR4, CCR5, and CCR3, and susceptibility to FIV infection could be correlated with the level of CXCR4 expression. The data suggest that β-chemokine receptors may influence FIV infection by modulating the expression of CXCR4.
Comparison of routine urinalysis and urine Gram stain for detection of bacteriuria in dogs.

OBJECTIVE To determine the utility of performing urine Gram stain for detection of bacteriuria compared to routine urine sediment examination and bacterial aerobic urine culture. DESIGN Prospective, observational study. SETTING University teaching hospital. ANIMALS Urine samples acquired via cystocentesis through convenience sampling from 103 dogs presenting to a tertiary referral institution. INTERVENTIONS All samples underwent routine urinalysis, including sediment examination, as well as urine Gram stain and quantitative bacterial aerobic urine culture. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The urine Gram stain demonstrated improved sensitivity (96% versus 76%), specificity (100% versus 77%), positive predictive value (100% versus 83%), and negative predictive value (93% versus 69%) when identifying bacteriuria, compared to routine urine sediment examination. CONCLUSIONS The urine Gram stain is highly sensitive and specific when detecting the presence of bacteria in canine urine samples. Gram staining should be considered when bacteriuria is highly suspected and requires rapid identification while bacterial culture is pending.
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist Pranlukast Suppresses Eosinophil Infiltration and Cytokine Production in Human Nasal Mucosa of Perennial Allergic Rhinitis

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of pranlukast on eosinophilic inflammation and cytokine production in human nasal mucosa. Twelve patients were treated with pranlukast, and samples were obtained from the nasal mucosa of the inferior turbinate. With respect to cell infiltration, a significant decrease was observed in the percentage of inflammatory cells (secreted eosinophil cationic protein [EG2] and neutrophil elastase) after treatment. The levels of cytokines and chemical mediators (interleukin [IL]–4, IL-5, RANTES [regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted], cysteinyl leukotrienes, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor–α, and IL-8) assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzyme immunoassay were significantly decreased. These results indicate that pranlukast decreased the levels of a majority of the cytokines in nasal mucosa, leading to improvement in subjective nasal symptoms. Furthermore, these results support the hypothesis that pranlukast exerts its therapeutic action primarily by blocking the leukotriene receptors on eosinophils.
In vivo 4-androstene-3,17-dione and 4-androstene-3 beta,17 beta-diol supplementation in young men.

To determine if known androgenic hormone precursors for testosterone in the androgen pathway would be readily transformed to testosterone, eight male subjects [mean age 23.8 (SEM 3) years, bodymass 83.1 (SEM 8.7) kg, height 175.6 (SEM 8.5) cm] underwent a randomized, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled oral treatment with 200 mg of 4-androstene-3,17-dione (delta 4), 4-androstene-3 beta,17 beta-diol (delta 4 Diol), and placebo (PL). The periods of study were separated by 7 days of washout. Blood was drawn at baseline and subsequently every 30 min for 90 min after treatment. Analysis revealed mean area-under-the-curve (AUC) serum delta 4 concentrations to be higher during delta 4 treatment [2177 (SEM 100) nmol.l-1] than delta 4Diol [900 (SEM 96) nmol.l-1] or PL [484 (SEM 82) nmol.l-1; P < 0.0001]. The delta 4 treatment also revealed a significant effect on total testosterone with a mean AUC [1632.5 (SEM 121) nmol.l-1] that was greater than PL [1418.5 (SEM 131) nmol.l-1; P < 0.05] but not significantly different from those observed after delta 4Diol treatment [1602.9 (SEM 119) nmol.l-1; P = 0.77]. Free testosterone concentrations followed a similar pattern where mean AUC for the delta 4 treatment [6114.0 (SEM 600) pmol.l-1] was greater than after PL [4974.6 (SEM 565) pmol.l-1; P < 0.06] but not significantly different from those observed after delta 4Diol [5632.0 (SEM 389) pmol.l-1; P = 0.48]. The appearance and apparent conversion to total and free testosterone over 90 min was stronger for the delta 4 treatment (r = 0.91, P < 0.045) than for delta 4Diol treatment (r = 0.69, NS) and negatively correlated for PL (r = -0.90, P < 0.02). These results would suggest that delta 4, and perhaps delta 4Diol, taken by month are capable of producing in vivo increases in testosterone concentrations in apparently healthy young men as has already been observed in women after treatment with delta 4.
Epidemiology and risk factors of preeclampsia ; an overview of observational studies

Objective: To identify and compile a list of important epidemiological risk factors of preeclampsia among pregnant women from observational studies. Methods: Review of published case control and cohort studies on risk factors of Preeclampsia (PE) by literature search from 1976 -2010 was conducted. 108 studies were selected using search engines of PubMed and Google Scholar. Findings: Most of the studies were case control studies. The factors identified most often were women with a previous history of preeclampsia, preexisting diabetes, multiple (twin) pregnancy, nulliparity, family history , raised blood pressure (diastolic ≥ 80 mm Hg) at booking, raised body mass index before pregnancy, or increasing maternal age ≥ 40. In some individual studies the risk is also increased with an interval of 10 years or more since a previous pregnancy, autoimmune disease, renal disease and chronic hypertension. Conclusions: These factors and the underlying evidence base can be used to assess risk at booking so that a suitable surveillance routine to detect preeclampsia can be planned for the rest of the pregnancy.
Clinical significance of atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance in postmenopausal women

Glandular atypia in Papanicolaou (Pap) smears from postmenopausal women is encountered frequently. This finding can be the result of artifactitious alterations such as drying artifacts and inflammatory changes or may represent a squamous or glandular, preneoplastic or neoplastic process. Therefore, it is important to determine the clinical implication of a diagnosis of atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS) in postmenopausal patients.
RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE CEREBRAL AMYLOID PEPTIDES AND THEIR PRECURSORS

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by deposits of amyloid in cerebral blood vessels and neuropil. Qualitative analyses of partially purified preparations of these amyloid deposits revealed the presence of a unique polypeptide now often called "beta peptide". This peptide is 40 residues long and it exhibits some amino terminal heterogeneity, which may result from the isolation procedure. The major amyloid peptide comprises at least 30% of the dry mass and 70% of the protein of washed neuritic plaque cores. These results indicate that the major peptide is the predominant proteinaceous component of cores; furthermore, they demonstrate that although cores may contain other substances such as aluminum silicate, polysaccharides, and lipids, amyloid peptide is a major component. More careful analysis reveals that the core amyloid peptide differs significantly from cerebrovascular amyloid peptide. Although the core amyloid peptide is constructed of the same backbone as the cerebrovascular amyloid peptide, it contains modifications that render the amino terminal region uncleavable by Edman degradation or by trypsin. It is unknown whether the lower solubility of core amyloid is related to these modifications. The original impetus for characterizing the differences between the core and cerebrovascular amyloid peptides arose from the question of whether both amyloid peptides were formed by a sequential pathway. Our results showing that core amyloid peptide is more extensively modified than vascular amyloid leads us to conclude that if a sequential pathway exists, vascular amyloid peptide must precede core amyloid peptide. Nevertheless, the discovery that amyloid precursor mRNA is widely and abundantly distributed throughout most tissues tends to discourage such a simple account of the relationship between these forms of amyloid. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Validated Protocol for FoxP 3 Reveals Increased Expression in Type 1 Diabetes Patients

Background: FoxP3 has become a key identifier of regulatory T cells. Investigators have used a variety of antibodies and methods for detecting FoxP3 by flow cytometry. To standardize FoxP3 antibody staining for use in clinical trial samples, we tested various antibodies from different vendors, cell preparation protocols and fix/perm reagents, and cell isolation procedures. Using this optimized staining protocol, we evaluated clinical specimens from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) or type 1 diabetes. Methods: FoxP3 antibodies from eBioscience (236A/E7 and PCH101) and BioLegend (206D) were evaluated along with their respective methods and fix/perm reagents for preparation and staining of FoxP3 for flow cytometry. Fresh washed blood and frozen or fresh PBMC were evaluated. Upon optimization of the protocol, clinical samples (frozen PBMC) from patients with MS or type 1 diabetes and healthy control donors were evaluated with the BioLegend antibody. Results: Clone 206D from BioLegend yielded optimal staining and the fix/perm reagents from both eBioscience and BioLegend were comparable. Data were also comparable between cells separated by Ficoll (fresh or frozen) and washed blood samples, allowing this protocol to be applicable to different types of samples. We validated this protocol using clinical samples and saw a significant increase in FoxP3 expression in the patients with type 1 diabetes but not in the MS. Conclusions: The results from this study will allow the assessment of FoxP3 by flow cytometry on samples from clinical sites that are analyzed in real time on fresh blood or frozen PBMC. q 2008 Clinical Cytometry Society
Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Affects Function of Pulmonary Surfactant

Patients with cystic fibrosis are severely affected by an infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a microbe known to synthesize phospholipase C. This study was designed to determine whether that enzyme would affect the function of pulmonary surfactant phospholipids. Mucoid and nonmucoid strains of P. aeruginosa, freshly obtained from patients with cystic fibrosis, were cultured for 12 h on agar plates. The bacteria were suspended in saline solution and then pelleted by centrifugation. The supernatant was used to dilute the surfactant preparation, calf lung surfactant extract, from 35 to 2 mg/mL. Surfactant function, before and after incubation, was examined with a capillary surfactometer, an instrument specifically developed for an evaluation of the ability of surfactant to maintain patency of a narrow glass tube, simulating a terminal conducting airway. Phospholipid hydrolysis was also evaluated biochemically by determining the total content of phospholipids in surfactant before and after incubation. In five experiments, the lipids were separated with thin-layer chromatography, and the phosphorus content was determined in the diacylphosphatidylcholine band before and after incubation for 6, 24, and 48 h. Capillary openness and phospholipid concentration decreased as enzyme concentration and time of incubation increased (p < 0.0001). Linear regression showed a significant correlation between time of capillary openness and phospholipid concentration (r = 0.957;p < 0.0001). Calf lung surfactant extract hydrolysis was catalyzed by extracts of the bacteria, particularly the nonmucoid, analogous to the catalysis observed with phospholipase C. Surfactant hydrolysis catalyzed by enzymes from P. aeruginosa might severely affect surfactant function provided enzyme concentration is high and time of incubation is long.
The Incremental Information Content of Tone Change in Management Discussion and Analysis

This study explores whether the Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) section of Form 10-Q and 10-K has incremental information content beyond financial measures such as earnings surprises, accruals and operating cash flows (OCF). It uses a well-established classification scheme of words into positive and negative categories to measure the tone change in a specific MD&A section as compared to those of the prior four filings. Our results indicate that short window market reactions around the SEC filing are significantly associated with the tone of the MD&A section, even after controlling for accruals, OCF and earnings surprises. We also show that the tone of the MD&A section adds significantly to portfolio drift returns in the window of two days after the SEC filing date through one day after the subsequent quarter s preliminary earnings announcement, beyond financial information conveyed by accruals, OCF and earnings surprises. The incremental information of tone change is larger the weaker is the firm's information environment.
Mucosal inherent activity patterns in the rat: evidence from voltage-sensitive dyes.

1. Fluorescence changes in the dye di-4-ANEPPS were monitored on the rat's nasal septum and medial surface of the turbinates in response to odorant stimuli. For each mucosal surface a 6.0 x 6.0-mm area was sampled at 100 contiguous sites with a 10 x 10 photodiode array. The odorants were propyl acetate, 2-propanol, citral, L-carvone and ethylacetoacetate, each presented at a low and high concentration. 2. Like previous work using optical recording techniques and potential-sensitive dyes on the amphibian epithelium, the fluorescence signals elicited by odorant stimuli in the rat preparation were nearly identical in shape, time course, and response characteristics as the electroolfactogram (EOG). As with the EOG, a response could only be recorded in the presence of odorant stimuli (that is, no response was detected when nonodorized, humidified air was presented as the stimulus); the amplitude depended on odorant concentration, and the response was abolished both by ether and Triton X-100. 3. Although the entire expanse of each sampled tissue (i.e., septum and medial surface of the turbinates) responded to stimulation with each odorant, each stimulus induced a distinct spatial pattern of activity that was independent of odorant concentration and consistent from animal to animal. Furthermore, the spatial activity patterns recorded for the septum were mirror images of those recorded from the medial surface of the turbinates. 4. Formal statistical analysis of the loci of maximal activity or "hot spot" indicated highly significant effects of the odorants for both the septum and medial surface of the turbinates. 5. The results of these studies give further support to the hypothesis that odorant quality is encoded by differential spatial activity patterns in the olfactory epithelium that are characteristic of different odorants.
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