Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unifying the observational diversity of isolated neutron stars via magneto-thermal evolution models.

Observations of magnetars and some of the high magnetic field pulsars have shown that their thermal luminosity is systematically higher than that of classical radiopulsars, thus confirming the idea that magnetic fields are involved in their X-ray emission. Here we present the results of 2D simulations of the fully-coupled evolution of temperature and magnetic field in neutron stars, including the state-of-the-art kinetic coefficients and, for the first time, the important effect of the Hall term. After gathering and thoroughly re-analysing in a consistent way all the best available data on isolated, thermally emitting neutron stars, we compare our theoretical models to a data sample of 40 sources. We find that our evolutionary models can explain the phenomenological diversity of magnetars, high-B radio-pulsars, and isolated nearby neutron stars by only varying their initial magnetic field, mass and envelope composition. Nearly all sources appear to follow the expectations of the standard theoretical models. Finally, we discuss the expected outburst rates and the evolutionary links between different classes. Our results constitute a major step towards the grand unification of the isolated neutron star zoo.
Unveiling secret interactions among sterile neutrinos with big-bang nucleosynthesis

Short-baseline neutrino anomalies suggest the existence of low-mass ( m \sim O(1)~eV) sterile neutrinos \nu_s. These would be efficiently produced in the early universe by oscillations with active neutrino species, leading to a thermal population of the sterile states seemingly incompatible with cosmological observations. In order to relieve this tension it has been recently speculated that new "secret" interactions among sterile neutrinos, mediated by a massive gauge boson X (with M_X << M_W), can inhibit or suppress the sterile neutrino thermalization, due to the production of a large matter potential term. We note however, that they also generate strong collisional terms in the sterile neutrino sector that induce an efficient sterile neutrino production after a resonance in matter is encountered, increasing their contribution to the number of relativistic particle species N_ eff. Moreover, for values of the parameters of the \nu_s-\nu_s interaction for which the resonance takes place at temperature T\lesssim few MeV, significant distortions are produced in the electron (anti)neutrino spectra, altering the abundance of light element in Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). Using the present determination of $^4$He and deuterium primordial abundances we determine the BBN constraints on the model parameters. We find that $^2$H/H density ratio exclude much of the parameter space if one assume a baryon density at the best fit value of Planck experiment, \Omega_B h^2= 0.02207, while bounds become weaker for a higher \Omega_B h^2=0.02261, the 95 % C.L. upper bound of Planck. Due to the large error on its experimental determination, the helium mass fraction Y_p gives no significant bounds.
The Robinson Gravitational Wave Background Telescope (BICEP): a bolometric large angular scale CMB polarimeter

The Robinson Telescope (BICEP) is a ground-based millimeter-wave bolometric array designed to study the polarization of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) and galactic foreground emission. Such measurements probe the energy scale of the inflationary epoch, tighten constraints on cosmological parameters, and verify our current understanding of CMB physics. Robinson consists of a 250-mm aperture refractive telescope that provides an instantaneous field-of-view of 17° with angular resolution of 55' and 37' at 100 GHz and 150 GHz, respectively. Forty-nine pair of polarization-sensitive bolometers are cooled to 250 mK using a 4He/3He/3He sorption fridge system, and coupled to incoming radiation via corrugated feed horns. The all-refractive optics is cooled to 4 K to minimize polarization systematics and instrument loading. The fully steerable 3-axis mount is capable of continuous boresight rotation or azimuth scanning at speeds up to 5 deg/s. Robinson has begun its first season of observation at the South Pole. Given the measured performance of the instrument along with the excellent observing environment, Robinson will measure the E-mode polarization with high sensitivity, and probe for the B-modes to unprecedented depths. In this paper we discuss aspects of the instrument design and their scientific motivations, scanning and operational strategies, and the results of initial testing and observations.
Microleakageof three different materials in cervical restorations with different cavity margin locations : a comparative in vitro study

The main objective of tooth restoration is the protection of exposed dentine against microbes and their toxins. The interface between the restoration and dental hard tissue is an area of clinical concern as insufficient sealing can result in some dental pathology. Microleakage may be the clinically undetectable passage of the microbes, fluids, molecules between a cavity wall and the restorative material. This study aimed to evaluate the sealing ability of flowablecomposite, light cured (resin reinforced/modified) glass ionomer and chemically cured glass ionomer cement in class V cavities at enamel and cementum margins. Thirty extracted premolars were divided into three groups, according to the restorative materials used. Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surface of each premolar exhibiting enamel margin at the occlusal surface and cementum margin at the cervical surface. Then, each group was subdivided into thermocycled and not thermocycled subgroups. The teeth were water sealed, immersed in methylene blue solution for 12 hours. The samples were cut buccolingually and the degree of dye penetration was assessed with the aid of stereomicroscope. A chi square showed significant differences in microleakage between the restorative materials for enamel walls in both thermocycled (P<0.05) and not thermocycled subgroups (P=0.000). The worst dye penetration score was associated with resin reinforces glass ionomer while the smallest penetration score was associated with flowable composite. Also the results showed greater microleakage scores in cementum margins than the enamel margins with a significant statistical value for all groups ((P= 0.0001). There was no significant difference in leakage between thermocycled and not thermocycled groups (P > 0.05). In conclusion; none of the three restorative materials completely sealed the tooth/restoration interface at occlusal and gingival margins. However; other studies should be done for further evaluation of the clinical performance of the three restorative materials.
Critical Thinking Ability Analysis Beginning Teacher Candidates Of Biology in the Animal Physiology Material At Biology Education Program Fkip Sriwijaya University

Preliminary research on the analysis of critical thinking skills in student teachers biological material of animal physiology has been carried out in a country LPTKs South Sumatra Province. The study involved 39 prospective biology teachers force students 2011/2012 on biology education courses. To find out the critical thinking skills of students is done through a multiple choice written test. The data obtained were processed by descriptive. The results showed: the highest percentage of students on the topic of the respiratory system is in observing indicators and consider the results of observations (28.21%); topics shown in the circulatory system focus indicator questions (46.15%), while on the topic of system expenditur /osmoregulation indicators focusing on questions and make induction induction and consider the results (35.89%). In this study it can be concluded that the critical thinking skills of student teachers of biology that focuses on three subjects, namely respiratory system, circulatory system and excretory systems/osmoregulation in general is low. Keyword: Critical Thinking, Animal Physiology, Biology Teacher Prospective Students
Preventive Support for Kindergarteners Most At-Risk for Mathematics Difficulties: Computer-Assisted Intervention

Weaknesses in early number skills have been found to be a risk factor for later difficulties in mathematical performance. Nevertheless, only a few intervention studies with young children have been published. In this study, the responsiveness to early support in kindergarteners with most severe difficulties was examined with two different computer programs. Two intervention groups were matched by age, visuo-spatial, and phonological working memory, as well as early number skills. After a short and intensive computerized intervention, the results indicated significant intervention effects for verbal counting Wilcoxon ES (r) = 0.46, and dot counting fluency, r = 0.52, when practiced with GraphoGame Math, as well as for basic arithmetic, r = 0.63, when practiced with Number Race. The findings suggest that a targeted computerized practice can produce specific training effects in kindergarteners most at-risk for mathematics difficulties. The results are discussed with regard to practical implications for educational game development.
Gender differentiation and early labour market integration across Europe

ABSTRACT This paper examines gender differentiation in early labour market outcomes across twelve European countries. In spite of the fact that the educational attainment of women has now surpassed that of men in many countries, differences persist in the type of educational courses taken by young women and men. Countries differ in the extent of educational segregation by gender but certain regularities are evident, with health/welfare, education and arts courses dominated by women and engineering courses dominated by men. Gender differences in field of study are found to play an important role in channelling young people towards gender-typical careers. Thus, countries with higher levels of educational segregation by gender are found to have higher levels of occupational segregation by gender. However, gender continues to have a strong direct effect on labour market outcomes in both track-differentiated and general educational systems.
Proactive Contract Management through RSF Specifications

The modelling and automation of e-contracts is an active research area that aims at providing a valid support to organizations for the definition and management of contractual relations. The approach adopted in this paper allows the modelling and monitoring of contracts specified in terms of RSF (Requirement Specification Formalism) rules. Starting from the planning of events relied to contract clauses established during the negotiation phase, we define a set of RSF rules that can be used as patterns for the monitoring of both: contract fulfillments and contract violations with respect to obligations, permissions and prohibitions. We also extend the semantics of the RSF language in order to allow the treatment of planned events, together with occurred and not occurred events, in a single transition rule. This enriched semantics supports the proactive behaviour of a contract management system enabling the immediate notification of fulfillments and non-compliances as well as the detection of imminent contract violations.
Paravertebral block for modified radical mastectomy-My experience of 100 cases as a private practitioner

Thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) is technique of injecting local anaesthetic adjacent to thoracic vertebra where the spinal nerves emerge from intervertebral foramina. This results in ipsilateral somatic and sympathetic nerve blockade in multiple contiguous thoracic dermatomes above and below the site of injection. The objective of this retrospective self-audit was to assess the safety and efficacy of regional anaesthetic technique PVB for modified radical mastectomy (MRM), thus avoiding complications of general anaesthesia (GA) and thoracic epidurals, especially in high-risk patients. Medical records of 100 patients who underwent MRM using PVB as a regional technique are reviewed. PVB achieved effective anaesthesia for cancer operations of breast and axilla, with no conversion to GA. Sensory block persisted till the next day for about 24 h. Oral intake was allowed early in the immediate postoperative period with no increased incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting. There was no requirement of narcotics for post-operative pain control coupled with minimal intensive care unit (ICU) stay. All patients with comorbid diseases were admitted in ICU for 6 h post-operative and American Society of Anaesthesiologists Grade I patients for 2 h post-operative in ICU. PVB can be used for breast cancer surgeries without conversion to GA, improving the quality of care after MRM.
Implicit hybrid methods for solving fractional Riccati equation

In this paper, we modify the implicit hybrid methods for solving fractional Riccati equation. Similar methods are implemented for the ordinary derivative and we are the first who implement it for fractional derivative case. This approach is of higher order comparing with the existing methods in the literature. We study the convergence, zero stability, consistency, and region of absolute stability. Numerical results are presented to show the efficiency of the proposed method.
The toll of the automobile: Wildlife and roads in Sweden

Animal-vehicle collisions are a common phenomenon worldwide, causing injury or death to millions of animals and hundreds of human passengers each year. Collision numbers can be significant to species conservation, wildlife management, traffic safety, as well as from an economic and political point of view, and should thus be evaluated from these different perspectives. In this thesis, it is assessed, evaluated, analysed and predicted animal-vehicle collisions with respect to their extent, their effect on populations, and their broad and fine scale distribution. A questionnaire with Swedish drivers indicated that nationwide road traffic in 1992 may caused an annual loss in harvest of common game species of 7-97% per cent and of 1-12% of estimated populations. Road mortality was not an existential threat to most species, although in badgers (Meles meles), traffic probably is the largest single cause of death. A slow population growth rate coupled with a high proportion of adult badger road-kills is responsible for their sensitivity to road mortality. Provided that road mortality is additive, it is predicted that losses due to nationwide traffic might already exceed birth rates and limit badger population growth. In roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and moose (Alces alces), road mortality is of minor importance to the population. Broad-scale trends and patterns in collision numbers correlate with harvest and traffic volumes, thus providing a simple means to monitor the toll of road traffic. To predict local collision risks with these species, information on animal abundance and landscape composition, on road traffic parameters, and on the spatial coincidence of roads and landscape elements is needed. However, vehicle speed was one of the most important factors determining collision risks with moose, underlining the influence of human factors on collision risks. Successful counteraction therefore requires an interdisciplinary approach that addresses both the animal and the driver in their shared environment. (A) An electronic version of the publication is available at http://diss-epsilon.slu. se/archive/00000388/01/Silvestria295.pdf
Locality of temperature in spin chains

In traditional thermodynamics, temperature is a local quantity: a subsystem of a large thermal system is in a thermal state at the same temperature as the original system. For strongly interacting systems, however, the locality of temperature breaks down. We study the possibility of associating an effective thermal state to subsystems of infinite chains of interacting spin particles of arbitrary finite dimension. We study the effect of correlations and criticality in the definition of this effective thermal state and discuss the possible implications for the classical simulation of thermal quantum systems.
Effect of Nutrient Concentration , PGPR and AMF on Plant Growth , Yield , and Nutrient Uptake of Hydroponic Lettuce

This study determined the effect of three nutrient concentration level and inoculation of PGPR, AMF and consortium PGPR+AMF on plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake in hydroponic romaine lettuce. Data were recorded for changes in plant growth, yield, nutrient uptake, and dynamics of microorganism population. The results showed that three level nutrient concentration with inoculation of AMF and/or consortium PGPR+AMF greatly changed the leaf anatomical traits, linked to increasing leaf thickness and leaf area that was positively correlated with increasing of plant fresh biomass. Three level nutrient concentration with inoculation of AMF and/or consortium PGPR+AMF also increased root colonization, and macronutrient uptake, but decreasing population of rhizospheric bacterial. That phenomenon was also has positively correlated with increasing of plant fresh biomass. In crux, the result of this study showed that nutrient concentration with EC 0.9‒1.8 dS m combined with inoculation of AMF and/or consortium PGPR+AMF may be recommended for production or cultivation of romaine lettuce, particularly using hydroponic substrate culture systems. Though with the consequence that reducing 50% nutrient concentration from EC value 1.8 to 0.9 dS m take 14 days more to achieve minimum harvest fresh weight. © 2018 Friends Science Publishers
OMAE 2018-78119 THE TRIPLESPAR CAMPAIGN : VALIDATION OF A REDUCED-ORDER SIMULATION MODEL FOR FLOATING WIND TURBINES

Different research groups have recently tested scaled floating offshore wind turbines including blade pitch control. A test conducted by the University of Stuttgart (Germany), DTU (Denmark) and CENER (Spain) at the Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI) in 2016 successfully demonstrated a real-time blade pitch controller on the public 10 MW TripleSpar semisubmersible concept at a scale of 1/60. In the presented work a reduced-order simulation model including control is compared against the model tests. The model has only five degrees of freedom and is formulated either in the time-domain or in the frequency-domain. In a first step the Morison drag coefficients are identified from decay tests as well as irregular wave cases. The identified drag coefficients depend clearly on the sea state, with the highest ones for the decay tests and small sea states. This is an important finding, for example for the design of a robust controller, which depends on the system damping. It is shown that the simplified model can well represent the dominant physical effects of the coupled system with a substantially reduced simulation time, compared to state-of-the-art models.
Firm Shutdown During the Financial and the Sovereign Debt Crises: Empirical Evidence from Portugal

Abstract This paper examines Portuguese firms’ survival over the business cycle and investigates whether the effect of firm size varies across the phases of the cycle and with the type of shock associated with periods of economic contraction. Our results show that smaller firms are more likely to shut down than larger firms. Within each size band, however, we found that during the two crises examined, micro firms experienced hazards of closing (relative to large firms) at least similar to those observed in the pre-crisis period, while medium-sized firms were found to have been more vulnerable during the financial crisis period but showed more resilience during the sovereign debt crisis. The results suggest that during the sovereign debt crisis, firms faced a higher probability of closing than they did during the financial crisis.
2-2015 An Evaluation of Rules for Assigning Tables to Walk-in Parties in Restaurants

A survey of 276 restaurant and food-service managers found that, when it comes to seating walk-in guests, just over half maintain a policy of seating the party that has waited the longest. About one-fifth of the respondents seated the largest waiting party and the remainder used some combination of the two approaches. With that in mind, this paper uses an extensive simulation to evaluate the relative revenue outcomes for nine rules for assigning walk-in parties to tables in restaurants, taking into account such variables as restaurant size and matching party size to the table size. I test three variants of each of the “largest party” and “longest wait” rules, along with two rules that blend largest and longest. I also include the outcome of allowing guests to seat themselves. I found that one of the blended rule using party size and waiting time performed the best across all levels of all of the experimental factors, but among the simple rules, the longest wait approach was effective in most cases. Except in the largest of restaurants, allowing guests to seat themselves is the least efficient approach.
Predicting Workplace Delinquency and Integrity with the HEXACO and Five-Factor Models of Personality Structure

Recent lexical studies of personality structure suggest that there are 6, not just 5, basic dimensions of human personality variation. The most distinguishing feature of this new 6-dimensional structure, known as the HEXACO model, is the addition of a new factor named Honesty-Humility. We demonstrate that this new dimension has important implications in personnel psychology. Specifically, the HEXACO model substantially outperformed the Five-factor model (FFM) in predicting workplace delinquency based on samples obtained in 3 different countries, namely, Australia, Canada, and the Netherlands. In addition, the HEXACO model substantially outperformed the FFM in predicting scores on an overt integrity test, due to the inclusion of the Honesty-Humility dimension.
Joint Analysis of Near‐Isogenic and Recombinant Inbred Line Populations Yields Precise Positional Estimates for Quantitative Trait Loci

Data generated for initial quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping using recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations are usually ignored during subsequent fine‐mapping using near‐isogenic lines (NILs). Combining both datasets would increase the number of recombination events sampled and generate better position and effect estimates. Previously, several QTL for resistance to southern leaf blight of maize were mapped in two RIL populations, each independently derived from a cross between the lines B73 and Mo17. In each case the largest QTL was in bin 3.04. Here, two NIL pairs differing for this QTL were derived and used to create two distinct F2:3 family populations that were assessed for southern leaf blight (SLB) resistance. By accounting for segregation of the other QTL in the original RIL data, we were able to combine these data with the new genotypic and phenotypic data from the F2:3 families. Joint analysis yielded a narrower QTL support interval compared to that derived from analysis of any one of the data sets alone, resulting in the localization of the QTL to a less than 0.5 cM interval. Candidate genes identified within this interval are discussed. This methodology allows combined QTL analysis in which data from RIL populations is combined with data derived from NIL populations segregating for the same pair of alleles. It improves mapping resolution over the conventional approach with virtually no additional resources. Because data sets of this type are commonly produced, this approach is likely to prove widely applicable.
Using CMB polarization to constrain the anomalous nature of the Cold Spot with an incomplete-sky coverage

We acknowledge partial financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad Projects AYA2010-21766-C03-01, AYA2012-39475-C02-01 and Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CSD2010-00064. RFC thanks financial support from Spanish CSIC for a JAE-predoc fellowship, cofinanced by the European Social Fund.