Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can Heterogeneity Among Individuals and Contexts/ Environments Be Harvested for Improved Sustainable Management?

The study of behavior with environmental consequences (recycling, water conservation, etc.) has received significant attention from social scientists over the past few decades. However, few studies have closely examined the systematic heterogeneity of behavior with environmental consequences. This study tests two specific hypotheses about such heterogeneity: that individuals differ systematically in their patterns of behavior with environmental consequences and that behavioral patterns systematically differ between context/environments. Both hypotheses are investigated empirically in the home and vacation environment. Results support the assumption that systematic differences in behavioral patterns exist across individuals. With respect to context/environment dependence, some groups of individuals do not change their behavior much between contexts/environments. The majority, however, tend to engage in fewer proenvironmental behaviors in the vacation context. These findings have significant implications for environmentally sustainable management, both for local councils and tourism destinations.
Student, School, and Country Differences in Sustained Test-Taking Effort in the 2009 PISA Reading Assessment

In this article, the change in examinee effort during an assessment, which we will refer to as persistence, is modeled as an effect of item position. A multilevel extension is proposed to analyze hierarchically structured data and decompose the individual differences in persistence. Data from the 2009 Program of International Student Achievement (PISA) reading assessment from N = 467,819 students from 65 countries are analyzed with the proposed model, and the results are compared across countries. A decrease in examinee effort during the PISA reading assessment was found consistently across countries, with individual differences within and between schools. Both the decrease and the individual differences are more pronounced in lower performing countries. Within schools, persistence is slightly negatively correlated with reading ability; but at the school level, this correlation is positive in most countries. The results of our analyses indicate that it is important to model and control examinee effort in low-stakes assessments.
Negation and Approximation of Antonymic Meanings as Configuration Construals in SPACE

semantics Abstract This article investigates native speakers’ interpretations of negation in combination with BOUNDED antonymic adjectival meanings and also in relation to their interpretations of the approximating degree modifier, ‘almost’ in Swedish. The results of the this investigation are compared with a similar study by Paradis and Willners (2006), which includes ‘not’ with UNBOUNDED SCALE meanings and in relation to ‘fairly’. We propose that ‘not’ is a degree modifier and like all other degree modifiers it operates on the configurational contruals in SPACE . In combination with BOUNDED antonyms ‘not’ operates on the boundary and bisects a spatial structure. The combinations of ‘not’ and BOUNDED meanings are interpreted as synonyms of their antonyms. ‘Almost closed’ differs significantly from ‘closed’ but not from ‘not open’. In contrast, in combination with UNBOUNDED antonyms, ‘not’ modifies the UNBOUNDED SCALE structure and evokes a range on the scale in SPACE in the same way as ‘fairly’ does. While the results for the UNBOUNDED meanings are very robust across all test items, the BOUNDED meanings are much more volatile and adaptive to alternative scalar
Beyond the filter bubble: Concepts, myths, evidence and issues for future debates

In recent years, we have been witnessing a fundamental shift in the form how news and current affairs are disseminated and mediated. Due to the exponential increase in available content online and technological development in the field of recommendation systems, more and more citizens are informing themselves through customized and curated sources, while turning away from mass-mediated information sources like TV news and newspapers. Algorithmic recommendation systems provide news users with tools to navigate the information overload and identify important and relevant information. They do so by performing a task that was once a key part of the journalistic profession: keeping the gates. In a way, news recommendation algorithm can create highly individualized gates, through which only information and news fit that serves the user best. In theory, this is a great achievement that can make news exposure more efficient and interesting. In practice, there are many pitfalls when the power to select what we hear from the news shifts from professional editorial boards that select the news according to professional standards to opaque algorithms who are reigned by their own logic, the logic of advertisers or consumes personal preferences.
Delphi in Criminal Justice Policy: A Case Study on Judgmental Forecasting.

This article provides an in-depth case study analysis of a pilot project organized by the section “Strategic Analysis” of the Belgian Federal Police. Using the Delphi method, which is a judgmental forecasting technique, a panel of experts was questioned about future developments of crime, based on their expertise in criminal or social trends. The results demonstrate how police authorities could implement judgmental forecasting methods like Delphi methodology for the anticipation of future criminal trends, and how this technique, applied under specific conditions, can complement current crime analysis techniques. This article will not focus on criminal trends that were forecasted in the pilot project, but on the preconditions for using the Delphi method in criminal justice policy. Hence, this article could contribute to future applications of judgmental forecasting techniques by practitioners in both criminal justice systems and other policy domains.
ORGANIC MATTER IN PERU UPWELLING SEDIMENTS — ANALYSIS BY PYROLYSIS , PYROLYSIS-GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY , AND PYROLYSIS-GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROMETRY 1

Significant variations in the nature and content of total carbon and total organic carbon (TOC) in closely spaced near-surface samples from Sites 681, 686, and 683 are accompanied by changes in pyrolysis parameters. All TOC, pyrolyzable carbon values (P2), and hydrogen index (HI) values (e.g., P2 normalized to TOC) were found to be significantly higher in Hole 681A sediments, compared with those from Sites 686 and 683. Samples from Hole 681A contained almost no carbonate. Tmax values (e.g., maximum temperature of P2 evolution) generally were highest for Site 683 sediments, possibly indicating a greater influx of more reworked or terrigenous organic matter at this site, which is situated on the slope, at the edge or outside of today's upwelling area. TOC and pyrolysis (P2) values correlated in closely spaced near-surface samples from Hole 681A (correlation coefficient, r = 0.78), with correlation decreasing for Holes 686A (r = 0.5) and 683A (r = 0.22). On the basis of comparison with data from surface cores obtained by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, we postulate that the lack of correlation of P2 and organic carbon values in several Site 683 intervals may indicate that these intervals contain more terrigenous or more reworked marine organic carbon. Pl values showed poor correlation with TOC values at all three sites. Variations in Pl values, which generally fall in the immature range of 0.04 to 0.08, are thought to show the relative amounts of in-situ marine biogenic (rather than petrogenic) influence. Pyrolysis-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (PY-GCMS) patterns for a few ODP samples were compared with those for an extensive set of Peru surface samples (from three Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution cruises to the same area). The results suggest that the three ODP sections examined here were most strongly influenced by organic matter derived from marine upwelling (rather than terrigenous) influx, even at Site 683. Minimal influence by terrigenous influx is consistent with the desert nature of the Peru coast, which is only sparsely vegetated. Pyrolysis-GCMS data also suggest that Thioploca bacterial mats, diagnostic of suboxic bottom waters in this region, may be a source of the sporadic thiophene pyrolysis products observed in some Peru sediments.
Designing digital tooling for business model exploration for the Internet‑of‑Things

As digital technologies are transforming enterprises, the interest in business models is increasing. Technological disruptions like the Internet of Things (IoT) drive enterprises to redefine their business models to create and capture value, and eventually, to stay competitive. The need for business model innovation may be urgent, yet it is not always clear what to change in a business model. In these cases, business model exploration is needed. Within academia and practice, business model tools are mainly focused on formalizing single business model designs rather than facilitating systematic exploration of alter-native business models. In this study, we present the design and prototype of a digital tool created to facilitate business model exploration. We use Design Sci-ence Research (DSR) as our research approach. In this paper, we present the re-sults from the first cycle evaluation of the design and prototype.
Inconsistency between concept and measurement: The Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI)

"Problem" and "pathological" gambling represent core concepts that guide gambling research today. However, divergent interpretation of the relation between these terms is continually misguiding the measurement and interpretation of empirical data, and may cumulatively lead to larger-scale problems of conclusion and policy formulation over the next decade. This paper first attempts to unravel the conceptual muddle by outlining the trajectory of the usage of the two terms, from a period where both were dimensionally similar concepts firmly situated in the addiction model to a more recent conception, which takes the view that problem gambling is distinct and properly measured by focusing on the problems that excessive gambling may cause to individuals, families, and communities. We then aim to analyse and criticize the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI) as a clear example of the confusion of paradigms, an index that defines problem gambling in the newer, problem-centred model, but continues to measure it with items reflecting the older, addiction-centred model. We argue that results obtained using the CPGI, much like those of its predecessors, will not adequately capture the notion of harm that underpins current definitions of problem gambling.
Sculpted Bedrock Forms along the Niagara Escarpment, Niagara Peninsula, Ontario

Assemblages of subglacial sculpted bedrock forms (p-forms; Dahl, 1965) are identified on resistant units of the Niagara Escarpment in the Niagara Peninsula, and on the Onondaga Escarpment. The scale of the features is much larger than previously recorded for bedrock glacial features in the Peninsula (Feenstra, 1981) and we suggest that there is a continuous spectrum of forms from small obstacle marks with dimensions of a few centimetres, through ridges and furrows measured in tens of metres, to promontories on the order of kilometres. Such assemblages comprise fluted surfaces with a consistent orientation between N40E and N45E, and which show very little variation within a site. Mapping the features has increased our awareness of their extent, and of the problems they pose for mechanisms proposed to explain them. The morphometry of the forms is similar to that described elsewhere, and the irregular edge of the Niagara Escarpment to oncoming flows is thought to be responsible for the prominent features described. The apparent removal of substantial bedrock blocks implies flow velocity well in excess of 3 m/s. Therefore the sculpting of the forms is attributed to fast flowing subglacial meltwater which may have had a discharge of the magnitude of 2.1 x 106 cumecs.
Reconstruction of an Impedance in Two-dimensions from Spectral Data

The two-dimensional spectral inverse problem involves the reconstruction of an unknown coefficient in an elliptic partial differential equation from spectral data, such as eigenvalues. Projection of the boundary value problem and the unknown coefficient onto appropriate vector spaces leads to a matrix inverse problem. Unique solutions of this matrix inverse problem exist provided that the eigenvalue data is close to the eigenvalues associated with the analogous constant coefficient boundary value problem. We discuss here the application of such a technique to the reconstruction of an impedance p in the boundary value problem $$ \eqalign{ -\nabla (\,p \nabla u) = \lambda p u \hbox {\quad in R} \cr u = 0 \hbox {\quad on R}}$$ where R is a rectangular domain. The matrix inverse problem, although nonstandard, is solved by a fixed-point iterative method and an impedance function p * is constructed which has the same m lowest eigenvalues as the unknown p . Numerical evidence of the success of the method will be presented.
Influences of Culture, Geography and Infrastructure on Website Localization Decisions

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role played by culture, geography and infrastructure on European airline's decision to launch market‐specific websites.Design/methodology/approach – Logistic regression analysis based on 440 observations of home‐target country dyads collected from websites of nine European airlines, and supplemented by additional sources of macro level indicators. The unit of analysis is the country dyad.Findings – Cultural distance between home and target country, geographical distance between home and target country, website traffic volumes originating from target country, demand conditions in target country, and competition intensity in target country all influence the decision to launch local sites. The cultural dimensions of individualism, masculinity, power distance, and uncertainty avoidance, as well as the legal, commercial and IT infrastructures in target countries don't impact the same decision.Research limitations/implications – The study's findings are limi.
ON THE BIOLOGY AND POST-EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF IDOTEA V IRIDIS ( SLABBER ) ( ISOPODA , VAL VIFERA ) FROM NEW ENGLAND CREEK , SOUTH-EAST ESSEX By

In the course of an ecological survey of a saline lagoon, New England Creek in south-east Essex (Howes, 1939), it was found that one of the dominant species of animals present was a form, possibly a local race, of Idotea viridis. New England Creek runs from the Yokefleet, a branch of the River Roach, on to the Maplin Sands. It was dammed at both ends in 1925 while still full of water, and by 1934 had become a lagoon containing approximately 25°,000 cu. m. of water of lower salinity' than, and of a slightly different composition from, sea water (Howes, 1939). The lagoon was visited at regular intervals, usually about every four weeks, throughout 1934, 1935 and 1936, samples of the water being taken for analysis and specimens of the fauna collected at each visit. Further, a standard haul was made with a plankton net on each occasion. The I. viridis proved to be an active swimmer and, apart from specimens collected by hand, over eight thousand in all were taken
Application of context input process and product model in curriculum evaluation: Case study of a call centre

The goal of this research which was carried out in reputable dedicated call centres within the Turkish telecommunication sector aims is to evaluate competence-based curriculums designed by means of internal funding through Stufflebeam’s context, input, process, product (CIPP) model. In the research, a general scanning pattern in the scope of descriptive research is used. The data collection instrument consists of the professional competence development curriculum’s CIPP evaluation scale developed by researchers. Participants are 622 call centre agents who served in the Black Sea, Central Anatolia and Eastern Anatolia Regions in 2014 and 2015. Statistical analyses of the research were conducted by applying statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) v23.0 and Amos v21.0 software. In addition to gap analyses, the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was applied as well. For the construct validity of the scale, analyses of the illustrative and confirmatory factors are conducted respectively. In scoring, in focusing on the dimensions of the CIPP evaluation scale, significant variations by gender and education background have been observed between the opinions of the participants.
Diet of Common Buzzards (Buteo buteo) in southern Norway determined from prey remains and video recordings

Selas, V. , Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 As, Norway. vidar.selas@umb.no (*Corresponding author) Tveiten, R. , Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 As, Norway Aanonsen, O.M. , Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 As, Norway
A Comparison of Outcome Measures for Speech Motor Learning in Acquired Apraxia of Speech Using Motor Learning Guided Treatment

This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Communication Disorders & Special Education at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Communication Disorders & Special Education Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact digitalcommons@odu.edu. Repository Citation Johnson, Rachel K. ; Lott, Aileen; and Prebor, Jessica, "A Comparison of Outcome Measures for Speech Motor Learning in Acquired Apraxia of Speech Using Motor Learning Guided Treatment" (2018). Communication Disorders & Special Education Faculty Publications. 25. https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/cdse_pubs/25
Implementation: Natural based Kindergarten Learning in Bantul, Yogyakarta

Based kindergarten uses the universe as a medium and learning resource. Not only in the learning process, but also in terms of facilities and infrastructure. The purpose of this study is to find out the standards of educators, curriculum, facilities and infrastructure of Natural Kindergarten in Bantul, Yogyakarta. This research method is qualitative research that is descriptive naturalistic with case study design. The data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation retrieval. As for data analysis through data reduction, display then make a conclusion or verification. This research indicates that the curriculum used in Natural kindergarten in Bantul, Yogyakarta referring to the curriculum service, with the strengthening of environmentally-based curriculum because for the means and infrastructure also refers
Anatomic Study of the Right Coronary Artery in Pigs: Feature Review in Comparison with the Human Artery

Los escasos estudios realizados con relacion a la morfologia de las arterias coronarias en porcinos enfatizan en descripciones de sus trayectorias y numero de ramas. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la expresion anatomica de la arteria coronaria derecha (ACD) en cerdos de razas comerciales. Fueron estudiados 158 corazones extraidos de cerdos destinados al sacrificio. Las ACD fueron perfundidas con resina poliester (Palatal 85% y Estireno15%) y posteriormente sometidas a infusion de KOH durante 5 minutos para liberar la grasa subepicardica. Se midieron calibres y evaluaron trayectorias. El calibre de la ACD en su porcion proximal fue 3,85 mm (DE 0,75). La arteria derecha del cono se origino de la ACD en 100 especimenes (92,6%) y de la aorta (tercera coronaria) en 8 (7,4%). La arteria interventricular posterior (AIP) alcanzo el apex en la mayoria de los casos (49,3%.) Su calibre proximal fue 2,75 mm (DE 0,61). La rama del nodo sinusal (RNS) y la rama del nodo atrio ventricular (RNAV) se originaron de la ACD en el 100% de los especimenes. Los calibres de la RNS y RNAV fueron 1,1 mm (DE 0,30) y 1,16 mm (DE 0,30) respectivamente. No se observo rama posterolateral. Existe concordancia con la mayoria de estudios previos con relacion a la emergencia desde la ACD de las ramas RNS y RNAV. El conocimiento morfometrico y cualitativo de la ACD y sus ramas en porcinos, es relevante para el diseno de modelos procedimentales y hemodinamicos.
A comparison of tissue conditioner alone versus tissue conditioner with chx for treatment of the denture stomatitis in older adults

Objectives : Denture stomatitis (DS) is a multifactorial common disorder of removable denture wearers. Incorporation of antimicrobial agents in the lining materials may be an effective treatment for this condition. The purpose of this study is to compare of tissue conditioner alone versus tissue conditioner with CHX for treatment of the DS. Materials and Methods : Thirty six denture-wearing patients suffering from different stages of DS were investigated this clinical trial. Patients were assessed clinically and then randomly divided to two groups: test (TC containing CHX) and control (same TC without CHX) Clinical effectiveness of each treatment was measured using clinical indexes consist of lesion size, color of lesion and sore mouth on day0, day 1, day 3 and day 7. Results : Findings showed that both treatments resulted in decreasing the lesion size with statistically significant differences between control and test groups. The percentage of the patient with pink lesions increased and the number of patients with ruby and red lesion decreased over treatment period with statistically significant differences between groups. Both treatments led to decrease of the pain without any statistically significant difference between groups. Conclusions : It was concluded that of TC alone and TC with CHX are an treatment for DS. It seems that adding CHX to T.C has a statistically significant positive effect on lesion size and color compared to T.C alone. Keywords : CHX, Denture stomatitis, Tissue conditioner.
Zostera marina (eelgrass) growth and survival along a gradient of nutrients and turbidity in the lower Chesapeake Bay

Surv~val of transplanted Zostera marina L (eelgrass). Z mar111a growth, and envlronmental c o n d ~ t ~ o n s were studled concurrently at a number ot sltes In a southwestern tnbutary of the Chesapeake Bay to e luc~da te the factors l im~ting niacrophyte d~strlbution In thls region Cons~stent differences In surv~val of the tlansplants were observed, wlth no long-term survlval at any of the sites that were formerly vegetated w ~ t h t h ~ s pecles but that currently renialn unvegetated Therefore the current d l s t r~bu t~on f Z manna l~kely lepresents the extent of sultable env~ronmenta l cond~tions in the reglon, and the lack of recoxrry Into h~stor~cally veqetated s ~ t e s IS not solely due to lack of propagules Poor long-term survlval \vds reldted to seasonally h ~ g h levels of watel column l ~ g h t a t tenuat~on Fall transplants d ~ e d by the end of summer follow~ng exposure to levels of h ~ g h sprlng t u r b ~ d ~ t y (K, > 3 0) Accumulat~on of an e p ~ p h y t e ma t r~v durlng the late sprlng (0 36 to 1 14 g g ' dry cvt) may also have contributed to thls stress Differences In water column nutnent levels among sltes durlng the fall and wlnter (10 to 15 pM dissolved lnorqanic nltrogen and 1 pM dissolved inorganic phosphates) had no observable effect on e p ~ p h y t e accumulation or macrophyte growth Sallnlty effects were nnnor and there were no symptoms ot dlsease Although summertime cond~tions resulted In depress~ons In growth they d ~ d not alone 11m1t long-term surv~val It 1s suggested that water qua l~ ty condltlons enhancing adequate seagrass growth during the sprlng may be key to long-term Z manna surv~val and successful recolonizat~on in thls reglon