Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mobilization Among Women Academics: The Interplay Between Feminism and Professionalization

Semi-structured individual interviews and document and observational analyses from two feminist faculty grassroots networks provide an understanding of how faculty confront an inequitable campus climate. From these data, the author shows that two subtly different strategies emerge to help women mobilize and address issues of discrimination and bias. One organization is a professional organization of feminists while the other is an activist organization of professionals, which in both cases help define academic feminism and the faculty profession.
Effect of psycho-physiotherapeutic approach in enhancing performance among elite archers

Background of Study: Archery is a game of precision and focus. Pre-competition anxiety and stress decreases the focus as well as concentration in archers. Furthermore, the irregularities in shoulder strength training program during training sessions will influence their performance. Thus, the purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of Psychological Skill Training program along with Strength Training of shoulder stabilizers in enhancing the performance in elite archers. Method: Elite archers (n=30) were screened on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were allocated using Simple Random Sampling Method into Experimental and Control Group. The treatment protocol was administered on experimental group which consists of psychological skill training along with strength training of shoulder stabilizers and in Control group only conventional training program given by their coaches were administered. Baseline and Post-Intervention data was collected using MIQ-R, Bull’s MSQ, SCAT, AAPHER and Digital Strain Gauge. Results: The Results of the present study indicate that there was significant increase in the performance of elite archers in the Experimental Group than in Control Group. There was significant improvement in MIQ-R, Bull’s MSQ, SCAT, AAPHER and Digital Strain Gauge. Conclusion: It has been concluded that Psychological Skill Training along with Strength Training of Shoulder Stabilizers plays a major role in enhancing performance of elite archers by improving their mental skills and self confidence, decreasing pre-competition anxiety and increasing the strength of shoulder stabilizers.
Learning Representations in Reinforcement Learning: An Information Bottleneck Approach

The information bottleneck principle is an elegant and useful approach to representation learning. In this paper, we investigate the problem of representation learning in the context of reinforcement learning using the information bottleneck framework, aiming at improving the sample efficiency of the learning algorithms. %by accelerating the process of discarding irrelevant information when the %input states are extremely high-dimensional. We analytically derive the optimal conditional distribution of the representation, and provide a variational lower bound. Then, we maximize this lower bound with the Stein variational (SV) gradient method. We incorporate this framework in the advantageous actor critic algorithm (A2C) and the proximal policy optimization algorithm (PPO). Our experimental results show that our framework can improve the sample efficiency of vanilla A2C and PPO significantly. Finally, we study the information bottleneck (IB) perspective in deep RL with the algorithm called mutual information neural estimation(MINE) . We experimentally verify that the information extraction-compression process also exists in deep RL and our framework is capable of accelerating this process. We also analyze the relationship between MINE and our method, through this relationship, we theoretically derive an algorithm to optimize our IB framework without constructing the lower bound.
TPM-FAIL: TPM meets Timing and Lattice Attacks

Trusted Platform Module (TPM) serves as a hardware-based root of trust that protects cryptographic keys from privileged system and physical adversaries. In this work, we perform a black-box timing analysis of TPM 2.0 devices deployed on commodity computers. Our analysis reveals that some of these devices feature secret-dependent execution times during signature generation based on elliptic curves. In particular, we discovered timing leakage on an Intel firmware-based TPM as well as a hardware TPM. We show how this information allows an attacker to apply lattice techniques to recover 256-bit private keys for ECDSA and ECSchnorr signatures. On Intel fTPM, our key recovery succeeds after about 1,300 observations and in less than two minutes. Similarly, we extract the private ECDSA key from a hardware TPM manufactured by STMicroelectronics, which is certified at Common Criteria (CC) EAL 4+, after fewer than 40,000 observations. We further highlight the impact of these vulnerabilities by demonstrating a remote attack against a StrongSwan IPsec VPN that uses a TPM to generate the digital signatures for authentication. In this attack, the remote client recovers the server's private authentication key by timing only 45,000 authentication handshakes via a network connection. The vulnerabilities we have uncovered emphasize the difficulty of correctly implementing known constant-time techniques, and show the importance of evolutionary testing and transparent evaluation of cryptographic implementations. Even certified devices that claim resistance against attacks require additional scrutiny by the community and industry, as we learn more about these attacks.
QED Vacuum Polarization in a Background Gravitational Field and Its Effect on the Velocity of Photons

We calculate in QED the contribution to the photon effective action from one-loop vacuum polarization on a general curved background manifold, and use it to investigate the corrections to the local propagation of photons. We find that the quantum corrections introduce tidal gravitational forces on the photons which in general alter the characteristics of propagation, so that in some cases photons travel at speeds greater than unity. The effect is nondispersive and gauge invariant. We look at a few examples, including a background Schwarzschild geometry, and we argue that although these results are controversial they do not in fact exhibit any obvious inconsistency.
Attributional Style as a Predictor of Success in College Mathematics.

This study examines the effectiveness of multiple methods of soliciting attributions. The Attributional Style Questionnaire, specific attributions, and causal dimensions are used to predict the grades and feelings of frustration of college algebra students. The results show that, contrary to current theoretical work, both specific attributions and causal dimensions are equally effective in predicting grades and feelings of frustration. The implications for these multiple methods are discussed. Directions for further research in this area are suggested. (Contains 36 references.) (Author) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** Attributional Style as a Predictor of Success in College Mathematics'
Interactions between the mat‐forming alga Didymosphenia geminata and its hydrodynamic environment

Benthic autotrophs in oligotrophic rivers must adapt to and modify their hydrodynamic environment to balance the conflicting requirements of minimal drag (to minimize detachment risks) and maximal exposure to turbulent flow (to maximize nutrient acquisition). We explored flow–organism interactions using the benthic, freshwater alga Didymosphenia geminata. D. geminata forms large mats in swift, oligotrophic alluvial rivers. The physical properties that allow D. geminata to resist detachment and proliferate under these harsh conditions are unknown. We transplanted cobbles with attached D. geminata mats from a riverbed to a flume and used velocimetry and microelectrode profiling to measure hydrodynamic and transport conditions above and within the mats over a wide range of flows. We then removed the mats from the cobbles and repeated the velocimetry measurements. Experiment results indicated that D. geminata mats reduce form-induced stresses and near-bed turbulent velocity fluctuations, which may reduce the risk of detachment. D. geminata mats also increase turbulent shear stress just above mat surfaces, which may enhance water column–mat solute exchange. High friction associated with flow at mat surfaces leads to very low velocities and predominantly diffusive transport within mats, which may in turn favor the retention of solutes derived from organic matter within and below mats. Enhanced mass transfer at mat surfaces and effective solute retention in mat matrices suggest a mechanism by which D. geminata cells acquire nutrients from different sources: advection-dominated transport of water-column nutrients to cells at mat surfaces, and diffusion-dominated transport from decomposing organic matter within mats, with minimal advective losses.
Weak Crystallization of Fluctuating Skyrmion Textures in MnSi

We report an experimental study of the emergence of nontrivial topological winding and long-range order across the paramagnetic-to-skyrmion lattice transition in the transition metal helimagnet MnSi. Combining measurements of the susceptibility with small-angle neutron scattering, neutron-resonance spin-echo spectroscopy, and all-electrical microwave spectroscopy, we find evidence of skyrmion textures in the paramagnetic state exceeding 10³ A, with lifetimes above several 10⁻⁹s. Our experimental findings establish that the paramagnetic-to-skyrmion lattice transition in MnSi is well described by the Landau softmode mechanism of weak crystallization, originally proposed in the context of the liquid-to-crystal transition. As a key aspect of this theoretical model, the modulation vectors of periodic small-amplitude components of the magnetization form triangles that add to zero. In excellent agreement with our experimental findings, these triangles of the modulation vectors entail the presence of the nontrivial topological winding of skyrmions already in the paramagnetic state of MnSi when approaching the skyrmion lattice transition.
Characterization of galls, insect galls and associated fauna of Ecological Station of Jataí (Luiz Antônio, SP)

This is the first study about galls, gall makers and associated fauna of the Ecological Station of Jatai. Galls are plant structures formed by abnormal growth of cells, tissues or organs induced by several organisms, as fungous, nematoids and insects. Five areas of the conservation unity, two in the phytophysionomy of cerrado in regeneration and three in the cerradao area were studied, totalizing 69 morphotypes of galls on 41 host species from 24 families. This is the first record of Annonaceae as the richest family in morphotypes in Brazil; 34 gall makers and associated fauna were identified, which 23 Diptera (67.4%), eight Hymenoptera (23.5%), two Hemiptera (5.8%) and one Thysanoptera (2.9%). Were described 41 new morphotypes of gall and made the first characterization of gall on Maprounea guianensis Aubl. , Acosmium subelegans (Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev. , Strychnosbicolor Progel, Eriotheca gracilipes K. Schum. , Stryphnodendron obovatum Benth. , Broyesum gaudichaudii Trecul, Psychotria suterella Mull. Arg. , Psychotria trichophora Mull. Arg. and Serjania erecta Radlk.
Interface-related magnetic and vibrational properties in Fe/MgO heterostructures from nuclear resonant spectroscopy and first-principles calculations

We combine $^{57}$Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy and $^{57}$Fe nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (NRIXS) in nanoscale polycrystalline [bcc-$^{57}$Fe/MgO] multilayers with various Fe layer thicknesses and layer-resolved density-functional-theory (DFT) based first-principles calculations of a (001)-oriented [Fe(8 ML)/MgO(8 ML)](001) heterostructure to unravel the interface-related atomic vibrational properties of a multilayer system. In theory and experiment, we observe consistently enhanced hyperfine magnetic fields compared to bulk which are associated with the Fe/MgO interface layers. NRIXS and DFT both reveal a strong reduction of the longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonon peak in combination with an enhancement of the low-energy vibrational density of states (VDOS) suggesting that the presence of interfaces and the associated increase in the layer-resolved magnetic moments results in drastic changes in the Fe-partial VDOS. From the experimental and calculated VDOS, vibrational thermodynamic properties have been determined as a function of Fe thickness and are found to be in excellent agreement.
Age-Delay Tradeoffs in Queueing Systems

We consider an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> server system in which each server can service at most one update packet at a time. The system designer controls (1) <italic>scheduling</italic> - the order in which the packets get serviced, (2) <italic>routing</italic> - the server that an arriving update packet joins for service, and (3) the <italic>service time distribution</italic> with fixed service rate. Given a fixed update generation process, we prove a strong age-delay and age-delay variance tradeoff, wherein, as the average AoI approaches its minimum, the packet delay and its variance approach infinity. In order to prove this result, we consider two special cases of the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$m$ </tex-math></inline-formula> server system, namely, a single server system with last come first served with preemptive service and an infinite server system. In both these cases, we derive sufficient conditions to show that three heavy tailed service time distributions, namely Pareto, log-normal, and Weibull, asymptotically minimize the average AoI as their tail gets heavier, and establish the age-delay tradeoff results. We provide an intuitive explanation as to why such a seemingly counter intuitive age-delay tradeoff is natural, and that it should exist in many systems.
Exponential Convergence Rates of Classification Errors on Learning with SGD and Random Features

Although kernel methods are widely used in many learning problems, they have poor scalability to large datasets. To address this problem, sketching and stochastic gradient methods are the most commonly used techniques to derive efficient large-scale learning algorithms. In this study, we consider solving a binary classification problem using random features and stochastic gradient descent. In recent research, an exponential convergence rate of the expected classification error under the strong low-noise condition has been shown. We extend these analyses to a random features setting, analyzing the error induced by the approximation of random features in terms of the distance between the generated hypothesis including population risk minimizers and empirical risk minimizers when using general Lipschitz loss functions, to show that an exponential convergence of the expected classification error is achieved even if random features approximation is applied. Additionally, we demonstrate that the convergence rate does not depend on the number of features and there is a significant computational benefit in using random features in classification problems because of the strong low-noise condition.
The GRIFFIN Project—Formation of Star Clusters with Individual Massive Stars in a Simulated Dwarf Galaxy Starburst

We describe a population of young star clusters (SCs) formed in a hydrodynamical simulation of a gas-rich dwarf galaxy merger resolved with individual massive stars at subparsec spatial resolution. The simulation is part of the griffin (Galaxy Realizations Including Feedback From INdividual massive stars) project. The star formation environment during the simulation spans seven orders of magnitude in gas surface density and thermal pressure, and the global star formation rate surface density (ΣSFR) varies by more than three orders of magnitude during the simulation. Young SCs more massive than form along a mass function with a power-law index α ∼ −1.7 (α ∼ −2 for ) at all merger phases, while the normalization and the highest SC masses (up to ∼106 M⊙) correlate with ΣSFR. The cluster formation efficiency varies from Γ ∼ 20% in early merger phases to Γ ∼ 80% at the peak of the starburst and is compared to observations and model predictions. The massive SCs (≳104 M⊙) have sizes and mean surface densities similar to observed young massive SCs. Simulated lower mass clusters appear slightly more concentrated than observed. All SCs form on timescales of a few Myr and lose their gas rapidly resulting in typical stellar age spreads between σ ∼ 0.1–2 Myr (1σ), consistent with observations. The age spreads increase with cluster mass, with the most massive cluster (∼106 M⊙) reaching a spread of 5 Myr once its hierarchical formation finishes. Our study shows that it is now feasible to investigate the SC population of entire galaxies with novel high-resolution numerical simulations.
Concerning the Li-rich status of KIC 9821622: a Kepler field RGB star reported as a Li-rich giant

Given the implications for the origin of Li enhancement in red giants, we have reviewed the Li-rich classification of KIC 9821622, the only bonafide red giant branch (RGB) giant with a He inert core to date, reported as a Li-rich giant by reanalysing the high-resolution spectra. We have obtained A(Li)LTE = 1.42 ± 0.05 dex. After correcting for non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE), we have A(Li)NLTE = 1.57 ± 0.05 dex, which is significantly less than the reported A(Li) = 1.80 ± 0.2 dex. We found that the subordinate line at 6103 Å is too weak or absent to measure Li abundance. The derived abundance is normal for red giants undergoing dilution during the first dredge-up. Since all known Kepler field Li-rich giants belong to the red clump region, this clarification removes the anomaly and strengthens the evidence that Li enhancement in low-mass giants may be associated only with the He-core burning phase. The origin of Li excess probably lies during the He flash at the RGB tip, a phase immediately preceding the red clump.
Factors Affecting Nesting Success in Greater Snow Geese: Effects of Habitat and Association with Snowy Owls

examined how habitat features affected nesting success of Greater Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens atlantica) on Bylot Island, Northwest Territories, Canada, under high (1993) vs low (1994) nesting success and colonial vs isolated nesting (1994 only). Because Snow Geese nested in association with Snowy Owls (Nyctea scandiuca) in 1993, we also examined the relationship between nesting success and distance from owl nests. Predation, especially by Arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus), was the main cause of nesting failure on Bylot Island. In 1993, goose nests near an owl nest had better success than those farther away, and they also tended to be initiated earlier. Few habitat features were related to nesting success, although nests located in pond habitat had lower success than those in wet meadows or moist tundra. In 1994, Snowy Owls were absent, and goose nesting success was much lower than in 1993 (23-42% vs 90%). Isolated nests located on hillsides had higher success than those located in lowlands. In contrast, colonial nests were more successful in lowland wet meadows, where tall willow bushes (Salix Zanata) were present, than in either moist tundra or hillsides. In the latter habitat, nests associated with Cassiope tetragona, a plant that typically grows in depressions between hummocks, had higher success than those as- sociated with other vegetation. We conclude that nesting in association with raptors, such as Snowy Owls, that maintain a predator-free area around their nest, was probably a dom- inant factor affecting Greater Snow Goose nesting success. In the absence of owls, isolated nests had higher success in hilly habitats than in lowlands, whereas colonial nests in tall
Blaming leaders for team relationship conflict? The roles of leader-member exchange differentiation and ethical leadership

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to extend our understanding of the role of leaders in team relationship conflict. Leader-member exchange (LMX) differentiation was hypothesized to be positively related to team relationship conflict. Additionally, ethical leadership was hypothesized to moderate relations between LMX differentiation and team relationship conflict. Design/methodology/approach - – Hypotheses were examined in a sample of 79 working teams. Data were collected via a questionnaire containing measures of LMX, team relationship conflict and ethical leadership. Findings - – Hypotheses were supported by the data. LMX differentiation was positively related to team relationship conflict, and ethical leadership weakened the relationship between LMX differentiation and team relationship conflict. Originality/value - – This is the first theoretical analysis and empirical study of relationships between LMX differentiation and team relationship conflict. Theoretically, by using LMX theory to account for team-level outcomes, this study extended power of LMX theory. Practically, these results suggest that leaders may be responsible for team relationship conflict.
Drug resistance in a non-hemolytic Streptococcus sp. isolated from cultured yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata.

The antibacterial activities of 19 chemotherapeutic agents were tested against 370 strains of a non-hemolytic Streptococcus sp. pathogenic for a marine fish, the yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. The strains were isolated from cultured yellowtail in 1986 and 1987. Sixty-two of the tested strains showed resistance to macrolide antibiotics (MLs), lincomycin (LIM), tetracycline (TC), and chloramphenicol (CP). These resistant strains were classified into intermediateand high-level resistance to MLs, LIM, TC, or CP. Intermediate-level resistance was constitutive and the responsible resistance determinants were not transferred to S, faecalis JH2-2 or to Streptococcus sp. SSS-1, the latter a yellowtail isolate. On the other hand, hgh-level resistance to MLs, LIM, and TC and to MLs, LIM, and CP was inducible and transferable to S. faecalis JH2-2 and to Streptococcus sp. SSS-1. These drugresistant strains of the non-hemolytic Streptococcus sp. , capable of transferring their resistance, were first isolated in cultured yellowtail in various areas of Japan.