Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
B=3 nuclei as quantized multi-Skyrmions.

The minimal-energy solution of the SU(2) Skyrme model with baryon number three is a soliton with tetrahedral symmetry {bar 4}3{ital m}. Given one assumption, I show how this symmetry ensures that the {ital J}{sup {pi}}=1/2{sup +} isodoublet nucleus ({sup 3}He,{sup 3}H) emerges as the unique ground state of this soliton solution when its isospin and rotational zero modes are quantized.
Post–liver transplant cholestatic hepatitis C: A systematic review of clinical and pathological findings and application of consensus criteria

Liver transplantation is currently the only definitive modality for the treatment of end‐stage liver disease due to chronic hepatitis C. However, recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation is nearly universal. Cirrhosis may develop in 20% of recipients within 5 years, and recurrent hepatitis C may lead to graft failure, retransplantation, and even death. A subset of recipients may develop post–liver transplant cholestatic hepatitis C (PLTCHC), which is characterized by cholestasis, hepatocyte ballooning, and rapid progression to graft failure. We present a systematic review of PLTCHC that is focused on hepatitis C–infected liver transplant recipients. We compare the pathological definitions of PLTCHC, clinical factors, management strategies, and outcomes reported in studies. We found differences among studies in the types of histological criteria used to diagnose PLTCHC during liver biopsy and in the types of clinical information provided. Three of the 12 studies published after 2003 used the definition of PLTCHC published by the first International Liver Transplantation Society expert panel consensus conference on liver transplantation and hepatitis C. We propose that studies on PLTCHC use the consensus criteria for diagnosis and suggest clinical information that should be provided in future studies with the goal of improving our understanding and management of this deadly disease. Liver Transpl 16:1228‐1235, 2010. © 2010 AASLD.
Long-term clinical outcome after intramuscular transplantation of granulocyte colony stimulating factor-mobilized CD 34 positive cells in patients with critical limb ischemia

Background: Our phase I/IIa clinical trial revealed that intramuscular transplantation of autologous, GCSF-mobilized CD34þ cells was safe, feasible and potentially effective at week 4 and 12 post cellular therapy in 17 patients with chronic critical limb ischemia (CLI) (5 patients with atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and 12 with Buerger’s disease). However, long-term outcome of the cell therapy has yet to be reported. Methods and results: Incidence of major clinical events and physiological parameters of limb ischemia were evaluated at week 52, 104, 156 and 208 post CD34þ cell therapy. No patients died by week 104, whereas 3 patients with PAD died by week 156 and 1 patient with Buerger’s disease died by week 208 due to cardiac complications. No patients underwent major amputation, whereas 1 patient with Buerger’s disease underwent unplanned minor amputation by week 104. CLI-free ratio was 88.2% at week 52 and 104, 92.3% at week 156 and 84.6% at week 208 in all patients. Significant improvement of toe brachial pressure index versus baseline was sustained up to week 208 and that of transcutaneous partial oxygen pressure was kept up to week 156. The Wong-Baker FACES pain rating scale, ulcer size and exercise tolerance significantly improved at week 52, the final evaluation time point, compared with baseline. Subgroup analysis revealed the similar outcome in patients with Buerger’s disease. Conclusions: Favorable clinical outcomes as well as physiological evidences strongly indicate the longterm benefit of GCSF-mobilized CD34þ cell transplantation for retrieval from CLI, especially in patients with Buerger’s disease. 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
A Comparative Study of Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Alpha Lipoic Acid and Vitamin E in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. Various modes of adjuvant therapy have been advocated to ameliorate insulin resistance. Aim: This study was intended to assess the effects of antioxidants; alpha lipoic acid (ALA), omega 3 fatty acid and vitamin E on parameters of insulin sensitivity (blood glucose and HbA1c) in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with documented insulin resistance. Subjects and Methods: It was a prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, single centered study. 104 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with insulin resistance were recruited. They were given ALA, omega 3 fatty acid, vitamin E or placebo. Fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were measured at first visit (V1) and after 90 days (V2). Statistical analysis was carried out by paired t-test by using SPSS software version 11 (SPSS, Chicago, USA). Results: Analysis of baseline (V1) vs. end of treatment period (V2) parameters, showed significant decrease in HbA1c in the three treatment group. We also observed decrease in fasting blood glucose in the three treatment group but it was not statistically significant (Gr. I = 0.51, Gr. II = 0.05, Gr. III = 0.22, Gr. IV = 0.88). Conclusion: ALA, Omega 3 fatty acid and vitamin E can be used as add on therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism.
Comprehensive study of diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia secondary to tumors

Among 5,058 patients seen at the Mayo Clinic from 1976 through 1990 for face pain, we diagnosed trigeminal neuralgia in 2,972. Tumors were causing the face pain in 296 patients. Sex and pain distributions paralleled those in idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia; however, patients with tumors causing trigeminal neuralgia were younger than those with idiopathic pain. Meningiomas and posterior fossa tumors were the most common. Neurologic deficits developed on follow-up evaluation in 47% of the patients, often precipitating further study and eventual diagnosis of the tumor. Delay in tumor diagnosis averaged 6.3 years. CT with contrast was the most frequently used initial diagnostic radiographic technique, detecting a tumor in 40 of 43 examinations. MRI was subsequently used to confirm and better delineate the tumor in five of five cases. Carbamazepine was the most effective drug for relieving trigeminal neuralgia, but relief was usually temporary. Of the surgical treatment options, total removal of the tumor was the most effective in completely relieving tic pain. In patients at high surgical risk, however, temporarily or permanently blocking afferent impulses with radiofrequency ablation, glycerol rhizotomy, or alcohol blocks was a good alternative to craniotomy.
Cerebellar αsynuclein levels are decreased in Parkinson's disease and do not correlate with SNCA polymorphisms associated with disease in a Swedish material

Alterations of brain and plasma α‐synuclein levels and SNCA gene variability have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). We therefore measured α‐synuclein protein levels in postmortem PD and control cerebellum tissue using Western blot and investigated whether the levels correlated to SNCA genotype. We found markedly decreased α‐synuclein levels in PD patients (n=16) compared to gender‐and age‐matched controls (n=14; P= 0.004) normalized to α‐tubulin. We also performed an association study of the noncoding polymorphisms rs2737029 (A/G) and rs356204 (A/G) (intron 4), and of rs356219 (T/C) (34′‐region) of SNCAin a Swedish PD case‐control material. Using a two‐sided χ test, we found significant association of rs2737029 (P= 0.003; χ2 =9.07) and rs356204 (P=0.048; χ2 =3.91) with disease, strengthening the involvement of SNCA polymorphisms in sporadic PD. Stratification of the human postmortem brain material by genotype of the three investigated polymorphisms, did not indicate any influence of genotype on α‐synuclein protein levels when comparing PD with controls. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the investigated Parkinson patients have markedly reduced levels of α‐synuclein in cerebellum, and that this reduction is general, rather then correlated to the investigated polymorphisms, although two of the polymorphisms also associated with disease in a Swedish material. —Westerlund, M. , Belin, A. C. , Anvret, A. , Håkansson, A. , Nissbrandt, H. , Lind, C. , Sydow, O. , Olson, L. , and Galter, D. Cerebellar α‐synuclein levels are decreased in Parkinson's disease and do not correlate with SNCA polymorphisms associated with disease in a Swedish material. FASEB J. 22, 3509–3514 (2008)
Phase II study of capecitabine plus cisplatin as first-line chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND A phase II study was conducted to assess the efficacy and tolerability of combination therapy with capecitabine and cisplatin in patients with advanced gastric cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with previously untreated metastatic or unresectable measurable gastric adenocarcinoma received oral capecitabine 1250 mg/m(2) twice daily, days 1-14, and i.v. cisplatin 60 mg/m(2) on day 1. This cycle was repeated every 3 weeks. RESULTS Forty-two patients were enrolled in this study. Of these, 38 patients were assessable for efficacy and 40 were assessable for toxicity. One patient achieved a complete response and 22 patients had partial responses, giving an overall response rate of 54.8% in the intention-to-treat population (95% confidence interval 39.8% to 69.8%). The median time to progression was 6.3 months and the median overall survival was 10.1 months. The principal adverse events were neutropenia and hand-foot syndrome. Grade 3/4 adverse events were neutropenia (32.5% of patients), thrombocytopenia (10%), stomatitis (2.5%) and diarrhea (5%). Grade 2 and 3 hand-foot syndrome occurred in 20% and 7.5% of patients, respectively. There were no treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSIONS The combination of capecitabine and cisplatin is active and well tolerated in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
Effect of Contamination on Electric Field Distribution of DC Voltage Divider

In order to research the influence of the contamination around the external insulating surface of DC voltage divider with different types in the electic field distribution by using the finite element method, a two dimensional axisymmetric model of the DC voltage divider in Longquan convertor station is built. Through the calculation comparison in electrostatic and quasi-electrostatic field, the relative dielectric constant of the dry, moist and the non-uniform mixed contamination layer is discussed under the condition of the material parameters is known in quasi-electrostatic field . Analysis shows that for dry contamination，the field type has no influence on the electric field distribution when the parameters of the materials are same. While for moist contamination，the relative dielectric constant in electrostatic field should be set according to the material resistivity in quasi-electrostatic field and the actual condition. The calculation of the non-uniform contamination prove that the materials parameters in electrostatic filed is reasonable.
Origin of high kurtosis levels in the viscous sublayer : direct numerical simulation and experiment

In the literature, a major discrepancy is reported between the value of the kurtosis for the normal velocity fluctuations close to the wall as found from direct numerical simulations and obtained from experiments. The origin of these high kurtosis levels is analyzed with help of a direct numerical simulation of a turbulent channel flow. In addition, a detailed analysis of LDV measurements in the near‐wall region of a turbulent pipe flow is made with the results of the DNS as a starting point. In both data sets, i.e. DNS and experiments, similar velocity events were found that contribute to the high kurtosis level. The dynamics of these events can be associated with the regeneration process of streamwise vortices as described by Brooke and Hanratty [Phys. Fluids A 5, 1011 (1993)]. Based on this evidence, we conclude that the high kurtosis is of a truly physical nature. It is caused by very strong events that appear only in the near‐wall region and that are rare in time as well as in space. The very rare ap.
Abnormal intrinsic brain activity in amnestic mild cognitive impairment revealed by amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that brain functional activity in the resting state is impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. However, alterations in intrinsic brain activity patterns in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients are poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the differences in regional intrinsic activities throughout the whole brain between aMCI patients and controls. METHODS In the present study, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed on 18 amnestic MCI (aMCI) patients, 18 mild AD patients and 20 healthy elderly subjects. And amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method was used. RESULTS Compared with healthy elderly subjects, aMCI patients showed decreased ALFF in the right hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex, left lateral temporal cortex, and right ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC) and increased ALFF in the left temporal-parietal junction (TPJ) and inferior parietal lobule (IPL). Mild AD patients showed decreased ALFF in the left TPJ, posterior IPL (pIPL), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex compared with aMCI patients. Mild AD patients also had decreased ALFF in the right posterior cingulate cortex, right vMPFC and bilateral dorsal MPFC (dMPFC) compared with healthy elderly subjects. CONCLUSIONS Decreased intrinsic activities in brain regions closely related to episodic memory were found in aMCI and AD patients. Increased TPJ and IPL activity may indicate compensatory mechanisms for loss of memory function in aMCI patients. These findings suggest that the fMRI based on ALFF analysis may provide a useful tool in the study of aMCI patients.
The Price Contagion Effects of Financial Reporting Fraud and Reputational Losses: Evidence from the Individual Audit Partner Level

This study investigates the existence of price contagion effects for the low-quality audits of individual audit partners and the associated reputational losses in China. Low-quality partners are identified as those whose clients have been sanctioned by regulators for financial reporting fraud. Our evidence shows that sanctions induce a significant stock price decline among the contagion firms that share common low-quality partners and common low-quality audit firms; however, the decline is greater for the former. We also find that the price contagion effects of low-quality partners are more pronounced for firms located in regions with weak institutional development and less pronounced for state-owned firms. Finally, we find that low-quality audit partners suffer from reputational losses in terms of a higher likelihood of partner turnover and a reduced market share at the partner level.
Ultrafast intra-excitonic quasiparticle annihilation by exciton-exciton scattering in individually isolated singlewalled carbon nanotubes

We present direct experimental measurement of exciton-exciton annihilation as fast photo-bleaching at exactly twice the lowest exciton energy in individually isolated single-walled carbon nanotubes. Exciton-exciton scatterings were rigorously identified by determining the 1s-2p transition using ultrafast mid-infrared intra-excitonic spectroscopy.
The development of a new Kalman-filter time scale at NIST | NIST

We report on a preliminary design of a new Kalman-filter Hydrogen-maser time scale at NIST. The time scale is composed of a few Hydrogen masers and a Cs clock. The Cs clock is used as a reference clock, to ease operations with existing data. All the data used in this paper are real measurement data, except mentioned specifically. Unlike most other time scales, this time scale uses three basic time-scale equations, instead of only one equation. Also, this time scale can detect a clock error (i.e., time error, frequency error, or frequency drift error) automatically. A frequency step of 6.8×10 s/s (which typically corresponds to ~ 2C temperature change of a H-maser chamber) in a clock only leads to ~ 2.5 ns change in the time scale in 100 days, thanks to the advanced error-detection technique. A frequency-drift step of 5.4×10 s/s in a clock only leads to ~ 11 ns change in the time scale in 100 days. These features make the new time scale stiff and less likely to be affected by a bad clock. Tests show that the time scale deviates from the UTC by less than ± 5 ns for ~100 days, when the time scale is initially aligned to the UTC and then is completely free running. Once the time scale is steered to an external frequency standard (such as a Cs fountain), it can maintain the time with little error even if the external frequency standard stops working for tens of days. At NIST, we have the Cs fountain running in 2015 September (23 days), 2015 December (14 days) and 2016 February (18 days). Although the Cs fountain runs for only 55 days in total, the time scale steered to the Cs fountain has a deviation of less than 4 ns (peak-to-peak) from the UTC, during MJD 57265 – 57500 (235 days). This can be helpful when we do not have a continuously-running fountain, or when the continuously-running fountain accidentally stops, or when optical clocks run occasionally.
Institutions, social ties and productive collaborations : lessons from the information and communication technologies cluster in Costa Rica

Firms located in industrial clusters benefit from economies of agglomeration and collaboration, which help them overcome their resource constraints and acquire new technological capabilities. Developing countries promote industrial clusters expecting them to foster collaborations that will benefit local enterprises. This research analyses the emergence and impact of a variety of productive collaborations that domestic producers established in the Costa Rican Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) cluster with other local firms, investors, universities, multinationals' subsidiaries and actors located outside of the cluster. The findings show that some collaborations promote the capabilities of local firms, while others bring them into technological and transactional dependence. To explain how developmental and non-developmental collaborations emerge, this work combines the principles of new institutional economics with theories of the social embeddedness of economic action. When deciding whether to collaborate and how to do so, actors evaluate the information available to them and respond to the incentives generated by the institutions that regulate their behaviour. Actors use their social ties to access filtered information, and to circulate and enforce social incentives. Thus, actors operating under the same institutional framework who have different social ties may opt for different, even opposite, collaborative outcomes. In the Costa Rican ICT cluster the two key obstacles for the formation of developmental collaborations are lack of institutional incentives and information failure, which hampers the coordination of actors' economic actions. Social ties that bridge divided communities, such as MNCs' managers and local entrepreneurs, compensate for information failure, introducing incentives to establish developmental collaborations. Social ties that link actors within closed communities hamper the formation of developmental collaborations, circulating redundant information and diffusing anti- collaborative behavioural norms. The study shows that actors' embeddedness in social networks is a significant factor in understanding the emergence of productive collaborations, which affect the development of local firms.
Defective leucocyte adhesion in Papillon‐Lefèvre syndrome

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Review of New Developments in the Modeling of Lightning Electromagnetic Effects on Overhead Lines and Buried Cables

In the last 20 years, the widespread use of sensitive electronic devices has increased the interest in transients, in particular those caused by lightning (direct and/or indirect). After a short review of the modeling methods achieved in the last 25 years for indirect lightning electromagnetic effects and the validation of these models using electromagnetic pulse simulators and triggered lightning, this paper focuses on four significant new developments in this field achieved in the last years. They concern the decontamination of the natural lightning current from measurements on elevated structures, the possibility of using statistical methods to infer lightning current values from electric field measurements of lightning-detection systems, and the calculation of field-to-transmission line coupling to complex networks and to shielded cables. These numerical calculations today permit approximative solutions and effect orders of magnitude helpful for a correct electromagnetic compatibility design for very complex configurations to be obtained.
Supermarkets and Agro-industrial Foods

Abstract There is increasing evidence of a weakened platform of consumer trust in mass produced food products. The resistance shown by consumers to the agro-industrial paradigm is evident in an emergent phase of reflexive consumerism, public reactions to an overly-concentrated retail sector and the rise of alternative food networks such as farmers' markets and organic box schemes. Supermarkets are responding strategically by aiming to manufacture new trust relations with consumers. This paper identifies three key strategies of trust manufacturing: (i) reputational enhancement though the institution of “behind the scenes,” business-to-business private standards; (ii) direct quality claims via private standard certification badges on food products; and (iii) discursive claimsmaking through symbolic representations of “authenticity” and “tradition. ” Drawing upon the food governance literature and a “visual sociology” of supermarkets and supermarket produce, we highlight how trust is both commoditized and increasingly embedded into the marketing of mass-produced foods.
Institutional Embeddedness in Organic Farming Systems

The aim of this contribution is to put some evidence on the influence of external factors in the farm decision making, often crucial in leading technical and commercial development and in fostering the expression of social and environmental sensitivity. This paper explores the concept of “embeddedness” focusing on the institutional domain that should affect market strategies. By studying the market orientation of 53 organic farms selected in two Italian regions (Emilia Romagna and Marches), the relation between regional origins and business strategies were analysed with the purpose to indirectly assess the role of institutions in promoting the development of Alternative Food Networks.