Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Circuit Mechanisms of Seizures in the Pilocarpine Model of Chronic Epilepsy: Cell Loss and Mossy Fiber Sprouting

We used the pilocarpine model of chronic spontaneous recurrent seizures to evaluate the time course of supragranular dentate sprouting and to assess the relation between several changes that occur in epilep tic tissue with different behavioral manifestations of this experimental model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Pilo carpine‐induced status epilepticus (SE) invariably led to cell loss in the hilus of the dentate gyrus (DG) and to spontaneous recurrent seizures. Cell loss was often also noted in the DG and in hippocampal subfields CA1 and CA3. The seizures began to appear at a mean of 15 days after SE induction (silent period), recurred at variable frequencies for each animal, and lasted for as long as the animals were allowed to survive (325 days). The granule cell layer of the DG was dispersed in epileptic animals, and neo‐Timm stains showed supra‐and intragranular mossy fiber sprouting. Supragranular mossy fiber sprout ing and dentate granule cell dispersion began to appear early after SE (as early as 4 and 9 days, respectively) and reached a plateau by 100 days. Animals with a greater degree of cell loss in hippocampal field CAS showed later onset of chronic epilepsy (r= 0.83, p < 0.0005), suggest ing that CA3 represents one of the routes for seizure spread. These results demonstrate that the pilocarpine model of chronic seizures replicates several of the fea tures of human temporal lobe epilepsy (hippocampal cell loss, suprar and intragranular mossy fiber sprouting, den tate granule cell dispersion, spontaneous recurrent sei zures) and that it may be a useful model for studying this human condition. The results also suggest that even though a certain amount of cell loss in specific areas may be essential for chronic seizures to occur, excessive cell loss may hinder epileptogenesis.
Structural analysis by rietveld method and its correlation with optical propertis of nanocrystalline zinc oxide

The correlation between structural and optical properties of nanocrystalline ZnO synthesized by the citrate precursor method has been investigated. The Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction pattern confirms the P63mc space group and formation of single phase hexagonal wurtzite structure with presence of tensile strain at the lattice site. The presence of Raman active optical phonon mode at 436 cm -1 which is a significant character of ZnO with hexagonal wurtzite structure supports the XRD result. FE-SEM result shows that the size of the particle is about 20 nm with nearly spherical shapes. The optical band gap energy at room temperature has been calculated as 3.28 eV using the Tauc plot technique. The UV-Vis sub-gap absorption curve supports the presence of strain inside the crystal. The photoluminescence spectrum indicates the dominancy of the defect related deep level or trap state emissions over the near band edge UV emissions using an excitation wavelength of 320 nm. Copyright © 2015 VBRI press.
The Prevalence of Radiographic Hip Abnormalities in Elite Soccer Players

Background: Hip injuries, both intra- and extra-articular, are becoming a more commonly recognized, diagnosed, and treated injury in athletes of all competitive levels. Our goal is to establish a previously undefined value in this athletic population—the prevalence of radiographic hip abnormalities in elite soccer athletes. Purpose: To provide a foundation for the future body of literature regarding hip pathologic abnormalities and “at-risk” hips in athletes of all ages and levels of participation. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the anteroposterior pelvis and frog-leg lateral radiographs of 95 elite male and female soccer players to determine the prevalence of hip abnormalities. Athletes with a history of hip or groin injuries were included. Multiple radiographic parameters were used to assess the presence of cam and pincer-type femoroacetabular impingement. Measurements were conducted by a blinded, sports medicine fellowship–trained orthopaedic surgeon with experience in treating hip disorders. Results: In total, 72% (54/75) of male and 50% (10/20) of female players demonstrated some evidence of radiographic hip abnormality. Cam lesions were present in 68% (51/75) of men (76.5% [39/51] bilateral involvement) and 50% (10/20) of women (90% [9/10] bilateral involvement). Pincer lesions were present in 26.7% (20/75) of men and 10% (2/20) of women. The average male alpha angle overall was 65.6°. Cam-positive hips averaged 70.7°. The average female alpha angle overall was 52.9°, with cam-positive hips averaging 60.8°. Conclusion: The prevalence of radiographic hip abnormalities in elite soccer athletes is considerable, particularly in young male athletes. The establishment of the prevalence of these findings represents the first step in identifying the relationship between radiographic abnormalities and injuries of the hip and groin in athletes.
Chromosomal Radiosensitivity in Two Cell Lineages Derived from Clinically Radiosensitive Cancer Patients

Purpose: Despite its prominent contribution to cancer cure and palliation, around 1% to 5% of cancer patients suffer serious side effects from radiotherapy. A cardinal goal in the fields of radiobiology and oncology is to predict normal tissue radiosensitivity of a cancer patient before radiotherapy. Higher tumor control rates are likely if radiotherapy individualization could be achieved by applying predictive approaches. Experimental Design: Here, we make use of the cytokinesis block micronucleus assay to assess radiosensitivity in cell lines derived from two different cell lineages obtained from clinically radiosensitive patients. We determined the micronucleus frequency after graded doses of ionizing radiation to primary fibroblasts and lymphoblast cell lines derived from 36 highly radiosensitive cancer patients. Results: Many cell lines, following exposure to ionizing radiation, from patients with severe clinical reactions to radiotherapy showed statistically significantly higher frequencies of micronuclei than those from patients who had normal reactions to radiotherapy. One individual revealed significantly higher micronucleus frequencies in both cell lineages. Interestingly, lymphoblast cell lines from one patient showed micronucleus frequencies similar to ataxia telangiectasia mutated–deficient cells. Conclusions: These results indicate that the micronucleus assay may have use for identifying predisposition to clinical radiosensitivity, at least in a subset of patients as a component of a pretreatment radiosensitivity assay for use in the clinic.
Comment Of mites and men : scabies in patients with kidney disease

Introduction In this issue of the journal, Yates et al. [1] describe the interesting case of a 54-year-old renal transplant recipient with enigmatic pruritus. Many diagnostic considerations were entertained and drugs stopped, switched and changed again to the point where even stopping the immunosuppression altogether and sacrificing the graft were considered by the desperate patient. Eventually, scabies was diagnosed and the patient made an uneventful recovery with appropriate treatment. Here, we aim to provide some context for their report and discuss scabies and its relevance in renal patients.
Measuring the efficiency of the Farm Credit System

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to develop information on the relative efficiency of Farm Credit System (FCS) lenders. Also the evolution of relative efficiency is examined as influenced by the biofuel boom, the financial crisis, and farm income increases. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach - – A stochastic frontier production function is used to estimate technical efficiency of FCS banks and associations. Findings - – A significant difference is found in efficiency between large and small associations and banks. Larger asset bases and management compensation are found to be positively associated with efficiency. Banks are found to have higher technical efficiency than associations (66-46 percent). Association efficiency is found to be increasing indicating likely effects of recent consolidation. The financial crisis was not found to have a significant effect with the bioenergy and farm income booms being likely countervailing forces. Research limitations/implications - – Further work is needed on the impact of the biofuel boom, increases in farm income, and new regulations. Practical implications - – The study provides information and indications of strategies for FCS management including additional consolidation. Originality/value - – This does an updated assessment of FCS efficiency taking into account changes in consolidation, lending practices, and economic conditions. Implications are developed for management actions such as more consolidation. The study also uses a more advanced methodology compared to older studies.
Couple Beads: An Integrated Method of Natural Family Planning

Various fertility indicators are used by natural family planning methods to identify the fertile and infertile phases of a woman's menstrual cycle: mucus observations, cycle-day probabilities, basal body temperature readings, and hormonal measures of LH and estrogen. Simplified NFP methods generally make use of a single fertility indicator such as cycle-day probabilities (Standard Days Method) or mucus observations (Billings Ovulation Method). The Couple Bead Method integrates the two simplest fertility indicators, cycle-day probabilities and mucus observations, expanding its applicability to all women, regardless of cycle regularity and length. In determining cycle-day probabilities, the Couple Bead Method relies on a new data set from ultrasound-derived determinants of gestational age that more directly define the day of conception and the fertile window. By using a visual-based system of inexpensive colored beads, the Couple Bead Method can be used by couples of all educational and income levels. Lay Summary: Natural family planning methods provide education in regard to the signs of a woman's body which indicate if she is possibly fertile or not. Two important signs are the day of her menstrual cycle and her observations of bleeding and cervical mucus or dryness. The Couple Bead Method teaches a couple how to observe these signs and chart them with a system of colored beads. The Couple Bead Method can be used by women with regular or irregular cycles. The bead sets are inexpensive and consist of a length of plastic cord, colored “pony beads” and safety pins.
Neurogenic Tumors of Soft Tissue

Neurogenic tumors are an uncommon yet important category of soft tissue tumors in children and adolescents because of their frequent association with various genetic syndromes. The heterogeneous cellular composition of the peripheral nerve and the wide metaplastic capacity of the neural crest and its derivatives generate a variety of neoplasms with neurogenic differentiation. This article reviews the clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis of neurogenic tumors in the first two decades of life, and highlights use of selected ancillary methods for diagnosis.
On the Grammar of Politics—or Why Conservatives Prefer Nouns

Previous research indicates that political conservatism is associated with epistemic needs for structure and certainty (Jost et al., 2003) and that nouns elicit clearer and more definite perceptions of reality than other parts of speech (Carnaghi et al., 2008). We therefore hypothesized that conservatives would exhibit preferences for nouns (vs. verbs and adjectives), insofar as nouns are better suited to satisfy epistemic needs. In Study 1, we observed that social conservatism was associated with noun preferences in Polish and that personal need for structure accounted for the association between ideology and grammatical preferences. In Study 2, conducted in Arabic, social conservatism was associated with a preference for the use of nominal sentences (composed of nouns only) over verbal sentences (which included verbs and adjectives). In Study 3, we found that more conservative U.S. presidents used greater proportions of nouns in major speeches, and this effect was related to integrative complexity. We discuss the possibility that conservative ideology is linked to grammatical preferences that foster feelings of stability and predictability.
Combining Nonlinear Adaptive Filtering and Signal Decomposition for Motion Artifact Removal in Wearable Photoplethysmography

Heart rate (HR) estimation using photoplethysmography (PPG) has drawn increasing attention in the field of wearable technology due to its advantages with higher degree of usability and lower cost than Electrocardiograph. It has been widely used in wearable devices, such as smart-watches for fitness tracking and vital sign monitoring. However, motion artifact is a strong interference, preventing accurate estimation of HR. Signal decomposition and adaptive filtering are two popular approaches for motion artifact removal, but each of them has inherent drawbacks. In this paper, a hybrid motion artifact removal method is proposed, which combines nonlinear adaptive filtering and signal decomposition, getting the best of both approaches. The method was evaluated on the PPG database used in the 2015 IEEE Signal Processing Cup. The experimental results showed that the method achieved the average absolute error of 1.16 beat per minutes (BPM) on the 12 training data sets, and 2.98 BPM on the ten testing data sets.
New Designs of Macroporous Polymers and Supports: From Separation to Biocatalysis

Reactive polymers play many roles, from supports for solid-phase synthesis or catalysis to media for separations. Although macroporous polymer beads that provide high reactive capacities and excellent solvent tolerance are well established, approaches to monosized beads with optimized pore structures or multiple chemistries segregated within pores of different sizes have expanded their realm of application. Polymer monoliths containing intricate pore networks can be obtained in any desired shape by a simple molding process and provide unique advantages such as fast kinetics, high reactivity, and high throughput. Applications ranging from immobilized enzyme reactors to fast media for the separation of synthetic or biopolymers are presented.
Modulation by Insulin of the Co-localized LDL Receptor in Normal and Type-I Diabetic Subjects *

Ongoing insulin therapy maintains LDL receptors at highly expressed state in Type-1 diabetic people; yet Type-1 diabetics are liable of having higher plasma LDL level. This disparity has raised doubt on the probability of existence of functionally active LDL receptor in such people. Confocal microscopy and immunoprecipitation have made it evident that a portion of insulin and LDL receptors remain together in a co-localized mode, which only gets freed in presence of insulin. The findings of this study have shown that insulin therapy protects Type-1 diabetic people from the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by decimating the inactivity of the co-localized LDL receptors in addition to its regular effect of having increased glucose tolerance. The existence of co-localized state of these two receptors and their dependence on insulin for independent activity has, at least, presented a reason for developing hypercholesterolemia and advanced coronary atherosclerotic lesion in chronic Type-1 diabetic subjects.
Hideki Ueno Eynav Klechevsky Rimpei Morita Caroline Aspord Tinghua Cao Toshimichi Matsui Tiziana Di Pucchio John Connolly

Authors’ addresses Hideki Ueno, Eynav Klechevsky, Rimpei Morita, Caroline Aspord, Tinghua Cao, Toshimichi Matsui, Tiziana Di Pucchio, John Connolly, Joseph W. Fay, Virginia Pascual, A. Karolina Palucka, Jacques Banchereau Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX, USA. Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, Israel. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Campus, Dallas, TX, USA.
Photonic band structures of two-dimensional systems containing metallic components.

By use of the plane-wave method, we calculate the photonic band structure for electromagnetic waves of E and H polarization propagating in a system consisting of an infinite array of identical, infinitely long, parallel, metal cylinders of circular cross section, embedded in vacuum, whose intersection with a perpendicular plane forms a simple square or triangular lattice. The dielectric function of the metal from which the cylinders are formed has the simple, free-electron form \ensuremath{\epsilon}(\ensuremath{\omega})=1-(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathit{p}}^{2}$/${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}^{2}$), where ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathit{p}}$ is the plasma frequency of the conduction electrons. For electromagnetic waves of both polarizations, the problem of obtaining the photonic band structure is reduced to the solution of a standard eigenvalue problem despite the frequency dependence of the dielectric constant of the two-dimensional, periodic system. For electromagnetic waves of E polarization the photonic band structure at low filling fractions of the metallic cylinders is a slightly perturbed version of the dispersion curves of electromagnetic waves in vacuum, except for the appearance of a band gap below the lowest frequency band, whose width increases with increasing filling fraction. A band gap between the first and second bands is present in the photonic band structure of the square lattice, but no band gap is found in the band structure of the triangular lattice. In the case of electromagnetic waves of H polarization the photonic band structure at low filling fractions of the metallic cylinders is also, for the most part, a slightly perturbed version of the dispersion curves of electromagnetic waves in vacuum, but possesses additional, nearly dispersionless, bands in the frequency range \ensuremath{\omega}${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathit{p}}$. A possible origin of these flat bands is described.
Israeli Apartheid: A Beginner's Guide

Dedication and thanks List of maps, charts, and photographs. Foreword by John Dugard Introducing Israeli Apartheid Part I: Israeli independence, Palestinian catastrophe Part II: Israeli Apartheid Part III: Towards inclusion and peace - Resisting Israeli Apartheid Frequently Asked Questions Glossary Timeline Resources Notes Select Bibliography Index
Evaluación de la calidad de vida de adultos con discapacidad intelectual en servicios residenciales comunitarios

La calidad de vida es un principio clave en la planificacion y evaluacion de servicios dirigidos a favorecer la integracion comunitaria de personas con discapacidad, por lo que se ha convertido en un objeto preferente de investigacion. El estudio presentado evalua la Calidad de vida de 118 adultos con Retraso Mental, usuarios de servicios residenciales integrados en la Comunidad Autonoma de Castilla y Leon. Tambien se describe el instrumento de evaluacion que se construyo para alcanzar tal fin, una bateria compuesta por tres cuestionarios, uno dirigido a los propios usuarios de los servicios residenciales y otros dos dirigidos a sus familiares y a los profesionales que trabajan con ellos. Finalmente, se exponen las caracteristicas psicometricas de la prueba, asi como los resultados obtenidos, entre los que cabe destacar el alto grado de satisfaccion con su vida expresado por los usuarios y corroborado por los otros dos grupos de participantes en nuestro estudio.
Validity of the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale

Summary The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS) correlated well (0·69) with the treating physician's global rating in 26 depressed out-patients during the six weeks of treatment with a tricyclic antidepressant. In a larger sample of 41 patients, a high correlation was found between the ZSDS and the Hamilton Rating Scale. The sensitivity of the ZSDS was found to be adequate. The scale was able to differentiate, at the 0·05 level, four severity groups classified on the basis of the global rating. The importance of the direct relationship between the range of severity studied and the value of the correlation coefficient was discussed. Previous investigations and the results of this study indicate that the ZSDS is a valid and sensitive measure of clinical severity in depressed patients and support its continued use as a research instrument.
Robust Frequency Control in an Islanded Microgrid: H∞ and μ-Synthesis Approaches

This paper addresses robust frequency control in an islanded ac microgrid (MG). In an islanded MG with renewable sources, load change, wind power fluctuation, and sun irradiation power disturbance as well as dynamical perturbation, such as damping coefficient and inertia constants, can significantly influence the system frequency, and hence the MG frequency control problem faces some new challenges. In response to these challenges, in this paper, ${H} _{ {\infty }}$ and $ {\mu }$ -synthesis robust control techniques are used to develop the secondary frequency control loop. In the proposed control scheme, some microsources (diesel engine generator, micro turbine, and fuel cell) are assumed to be responsible for balancing the load and power in the MG system. The synthesized ${H} _{ {\infty }}$ and $ {\mu }$ -controllers are examined on an MG test platform, and the controllers’ robustness and performance are evaluated in the presence of various disturbances and parametric uncertainties. The results are compared with an optimal control design. It is shown that the $ {\mu }$ -synthesis approach due to considering structured/parametric uncertainties provides better performance than the ${H} _{ {\infty }}$ control method.
Causes of horse-related injuries in a rural western community.

OBJECTIVE To determine the causes of horse-related injuries in a rural western community. DESIGN Prospective identification of persons with horse-related injuries and retrospective interviews with patients or witnesses to determine causes. SETTING A small rural community in Alberta where the western style of riding predominates. PATIENTS All patients presenting to two family medicine clinics or to the Sundre General Hospital emergency department. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Factors contributing to the injury as recalled by patients or witnesses, and characteristics of the persons, horses, and injuries. RESULTS Two thirds of the 150 injuries were caused primarily by horses and one third primarily by patients risk taking or inattention. The most common horse behaviour that caused injuries was "spooking," but several other behaviours also were identified as primary causes. The injuries were varied and relatively severe. Only one person was wearing a helmet. CONCLUSIONS Horse-related injuries often are caused by characteristic horse behaviours.
Behavior and Energy Policy

Investment in scalable, non–price-based behavioral interventions and research may prove valuable in improving energy efficiency. Many countries devote substantial public resources to research and development (R&D) for energy-efficient technologies. Energy efficiency, however, depends on both these technologies and the choices of the user. Policies to affect these choices focus on price changes (e.g., subsidies for energy-efficient goods) and information disclosure (e.g., mandated energy-use labels on appliances and autos). We argue that a broader approach is merited, one that draws on insights from the behavioral sciences. Just as we use R&D to develop “hard science” into useful technological solutions, a similar process can be used to develop basic behavioral science into large-scale business and policy innovations. Cost-effectiveness can be rigorously measured using scientific field-testing. Recent examples of scaling behaviorally informed R&D into large energy conservation programs suggest that this could have very high returns.