Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Reputation Management on Social Media Boost Career? Evidence from the Market for Executives

Our paper studies the impact of reputation management (RM) on executives' career using their usage of Twitter. This self-promoting behavior has an influence on the bargaining powers in negotiating compensation and sorting during the hiring process, which increases their job acquisition chances. Our structural model which is based on a two sided matching model, is able to separately identify the two influences. We modeled the matching and the pay as endogenously determined. We find both effects to be significant. While RM only increases the compensations of successful candidates, in the recruiting process of CEO and CMO markets, both outstanding and outperformed applicants benefit from it. Our analysis sheds light upon the pricing scheme of social media for the use of self-promotion.
Scaling Corrections for Statistics in Covariance Structure Analysis

A Scaled Di erence Chi-square Test Statistic for Moment Structure Analysis Albert Satorra Universitat Pompeu Fabra and Peter M. Bentler University of California, Los Angeles August 3, 1999 Research supported by the Spanish DGES grant PB96-0300, and USPHS grants DA00017 and DA01070.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MR imaging-an experimental study in a rabbit model.

PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility of using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging with multiple b values for the noninvasive diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee. Twenty-seven 8-week-old rabbits were fed a variety of diets (from a standard diet to a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet) before IVIM diffusion-weighted imaging was performed with seven b values by using a 3-T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging unit. At histologic analysis of the animals, livers were categorized by NAFLD severity as normal, NAFLD, borderline nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or NASH. The apparent diffusion coefficient and IVIM-derived parameters including true diffusion coefficient, pseudodiffusion coefficient, and perfusion fraction of the liver parenchyma were measured. Each parameter was correlated with NAFLD severity, and optimal cutoff values were determined by means of receiver operating characteristics analysis. RESULTS Perfusion fraction was significantly lower in rabbits with NAFLD than in those with a normal liver, and it decreased further as severity of NAFLD increased, with medians of 22.2%, 14.8%, 11.3%, and 9.5% in the rabbits in the normal, NAFLD, borderline, and NASH groups, respectively (ρ = -0.83, P < .001). Apparent diffusion coefficient, true diffusion coefficient, and pseudodiffusion coefficient were not significantly different between the NAFLD severity groups. In terms of the diagnostic performance of perfusion fraction, area under the curve values were 0.984 (normal vs NAFLD or more severe disease), 0.959 (NAFLD or less severe vs borderline or more severe disease), and 0.903 (borderline or less severe vs NASH) with optimal cutoff values of 15.2%, 13.2%, and 11.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION Perfusion fractions extracted from IVIM diffusion-weighted imaging may help in the differentiation of early stage NASH from simple steatosis.
Letting go: How the disappearance of a fixation target prompts the brain to shift attention.

A peripheral target can either be fixated when the current central target disappears ('non-competition') or while the central target remains visible ('competition') in the Fixation Shift Paradigm, where saccadic latencies can be used as a measure of shifts of attention. Competition, which leads to much slower saccadic latencies in young infants, requires disengagement from the current target, a process which is believed to depend on descending cortical input to oculomotor systems and is diagnostic of cerebral developmental problems (review: Atkinson and Braddick, Dev Med Child Neurol, 2012). We have recorded high density ERPs during the pre-saccadic interval, along with concurrent eye tracking, in both competition and non-competition from 38 normal adults. The adults showed small but significant advantages in saccadic latency for the non-competition condition. Patterns of ERP signals across the scalp, representing the processes of disengagement, attentional shift, and saccade preparation, were compared to investigate the cerebral basis of this advantage. A very early frontoparietal response, contralateral to the target, is seen in both conditions, as is a later, ipsilateral occipitoparietal response. When the contribution of the VEP to central target offset is allowed for, the latency of ERP responses for competition and non-competition is similar. However, both anterior and posterior responses show higher amplitudes in the non-competition than competition condition. These results will be discussed in terms of possible inhibitory connections between frontal, posterior, and subcortical oculomotor systems which may underlie the disengagement process. We are currently testing whether the ERP responses, characteristic of this network, provide developmental signatures of the disengagement process in infants, and potentially may serve as diagnostic signatures of the neural processes which impair fixation shifts in many developmental disorders (e.g. Braddick et al, Nature, 1992; Atkinson et al, Prog. Brain Res., 2011). Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2015.
Lung deposition of budesonide from the novel dry powder inhaler AirmaxTM

Abstract The deposition of budesonide at fast (60 l min −1 ) and slow (30 l min −1 ) inspiratory flow rates from Airmax TM , a new multi-dose dry powder inhaler, was compared with that from Turbuhaler ® and a standard pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI). Twelve patients with mild to moderate asthma took part in a five-way randomized cross-over study, and inhaled a single nominal dose of 200 μ g budesonide, labelled with 99m Tc, on each study day. Deposition was determined by gamma scintigraphy. At the fast flow rate, Airmax TM and Turbuhaler ® deposited 25·8±6·5% (mean±SD) and 29·8±6·9%, respectively, of the delivered dose in the whole lung ( P =0·080). At the slow flow rate, Airmax TM deposited 28·3±5·6%, Turbuhaler ® 22·7±5·6% and pMDI 12·1±3·4%. Using data on emitted doses determined in vitro , it was estimated that Airmax TM deposited 53·1±13·3 μ g and 43·6±8·6 μ g budesonide in the lungs at 60 l min −1 and 30 l min −1 respectively, whilst Turbuhaler ® deposited 48·3±11·2 μ g at 60 l min −1 and 24·2±6·0 μ g at 30 l min −1 . In conclusion, lung deposition of budesonide from Airmax TM was comparable to that of Turbuhaler ® at a high flow rate but was markedly superior to Turbuhaler ® and pMDI at a lower flow rate. Unlike Turbuhaler ® , Airmax TM performs with relative flow–rate independence.
Effects of preparative procedures and of cell activation on flow of white cells through micropore filters

Using newly developed filtration techniques to analyse the flow resistance of white blood cells (WBC), the effects of preparative procedures and of various treatments (including activation) have been tested. Flow rates of WBC were measured using both 5 and 8 μm pore filters. It was found that EDTA was the anticoagulant of choice over heparin and sodium citrate, and that calcium‐containing media should be avoided because they promoted cell‐cell aggregation. Exposure to density separation media did not significantly alter filtration rates, but storage of prepared WBC for even 1 h caused deterioration in flow. Storage of whole blood before preparation of the WBC had a much lesser effect. Storage appeared to be linked to cell activation, and use of the activating agents phorbol ester (PE, 4.5 × 106 M/l) and f‐methyl‐leucyl‐phenylalanine (FMPL, 10‐7 and 10‐9 M/l) also increased WBC resistance to pore transit. The effect of PE was greater, causing rapid pore blockage, but was nonspecific, while the lesser effect of FMLP was restricted to granulocytes and was concentration dependent. Cell volume was increased by these agents, but measurement of the filterability of hypotonically swollen granulocytes showed that volume changes alone only partly explained the activation effects. These results suggest that activation in vivo would have a significant rheological effect, detectable by filtration methods.
A pragmatic strategy for the review of clinical evidence.

BACKGROUND Systematic reviews (SR) of clinical evidence are rightfully considered the basis for developing recommendations to support decisions in current practice. To avoid bias, SRs are expected to be systematic in their research strategy and are exhaustive. The drawback of the latter criteria relies in the substantial work needed to conduct and keep SRs updated. The objective of this paper is to compare a research strategy based on the review of a selected number of core journals, which we consider a 'pragmatic review' (PR), with that derived by an SR in estimating the efficacy of treatments. METHODS Five clinical areas were considered for the comparison between the two strategies: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dermatology, heart failure, renal diseases and stroke. We extracted a systematic sample from all the Cochrane SRs pertaining to each area and were published before April 2010. Two groups of journals were considered in the PR: six general journals that commonly published research for the five clinical areas, and five specialist journals with the highest impact factor in each area. To assess the agreement in the findings of SRs and PRs, we considered both the direction of the estimates and P-values. RESULTS A sample of 27 SRs included 171 overall analyses and 259 subgroup analyses related to primary outcomes. The PR captured one or more clinical trials in 24 of the 27 SRs (89%), and 118 of the 171 overall analyses (69%) were replicated. The PR supported the recommendations to use (or not) the study treatment in 11 of the 13 SRs (85%), which ended with a clinical recommendation. CONCLUSIONS We verified in a sample of SRs that the conclusion of a research strategy based on a pre-defined set of general and specialist medical journals is able to replicate almost all the clinical recommendations of a formal SR.
Secondary malignant neoplasms, progression-free survival and overall survival in patients treated for Hodgkin lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Treatment intensification to maximize disease control and reduced intensity approaches to minimize the risk of late sequelae have been evaluated in newly diagnosed Hodgkin lymphoma. The influence of these interventions on the risk of secondary malignant neoplasms, progression-free survival and overall survival is reported in the meta-analysis herein, based on individual patient data from 9498 patients treated within 16 randomized controlled trials for newly diagnosed Hodgkin lymphoma between 1984 and 2007. Secondary malignant neoplasms were meta-analyzed using Peto’s method as time-to-event outcomes. For progression-free and overall survival, hazard ratios derived from each trial using Cox regression were combined by inverse-variance weighting. Five study questions (combined-modality treatment vs. chemotherapy alone; more extended vs. involved-field radiotherapy; radiation at higher doses vs. radiation at 20 Gy; more vs. fewer cycles of the same chemotherapy protocol; standard-dose chemotherapy vs. intensified chemotherapy) were investigated. After a median follow-up of 7.4 years, dose-intensified chemotherapy resulted in better progression-free survival rates (P=0.007) as compared with standard-dose chemotherapy, but was associated with an increased risk of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic syndromes (P=0.0028). No progression-free or overall survival differences were observed between combined-modality treatment and chemotherapy alone, but more secondary malignant neoplasms were seen after combined-modality treatment (P=0.010). For the remaining three study questions, outcomes and secondary malignancy rates did not differ significantly between treatment strategies. The results of this meta-analysis help to weigh up efficacy and secondary malignancy risk for the choice of first-line treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma patients. However, final conclusions regarding secondary solid tumors require longer follow-up.
Breast cancer and masses in women 22 years of age and younger.

Breast cancer is rare in women 22 years of age and younger, but a palpable dominant breast mass is not uncommon and raises the same concerns in mothers, their daughters, and their physicians as a mass does in an older woman. The five leading causes of cancer deaths by sites for females aged 20 and less are leukemia, 33%; brain and other nervous system, 25%; soft tissue, 8%; endocrine system, 8%; and bones and joints, 7%. The leading cause of death in this age group is accidents–about 42%. In children, breast cancer accounts for less than 1% of cancers and less than 0.1% of breast cancers of all ages. Metastatic malignancies (Ewing’s sarcoma, leukemia, lymphoma, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, and yolk sac tumors) in the breast are more common in childhood than primary breast cancers. Secretory Carcinoma The most common type of breast cancer in childhood and adolescence is secretory carcinoma, formerly called juvenile carcinoma, which is almost unique to these age groups. Reports of deaths from secretory carcinoma are extremely rare, but axillary lymph node involvement is reported. Generally, wide local excision and axillary lymph node dissection are the recommended treatment. The indications for adjuvant therapy and/or radiation therapy are equivocal and remain controversial, but wide excision and irradiation are used for local recurrences. In 1999, a case report and review of the literature tabulated 22 cases of breast carcinoma in patients 3 to 18 years of age, with no documented deaths. The case involved a 3-cm secretory carcinoma without lymph node involvement in a 4-year-old, with a history of the mass being present for more than 1 year. The patient had none of the reported risk factors for breast cancer. She was initially treated surgically with a simple masCorrespondence: William H. Hindle, MD, 2389–3E Via Mariposa West, Laguna Woods, CA 92653. E-mail: whindle@goldstate.net PROD. # GRF20313
The Efficacy of Palliative and Definitive Percutaneous Versus Surgical Drainage of Pancreatic Abscesses and Pseudocysts: A Prospective Study of 85 Patients

We compared the efficacy of percutaneous to surgical drainage in a prospective study in 85 patients with pancreatic abscesses and pseudocysts. Percutaneous drainage of pancreatic abscesses in 18 patients cured three and palliated 12 who were eventually cured by elective surgical ablation; three patients died. This compares well to our 15 surgical patients, of whom four were cured by surgery alone and six were palliated. All were subsequently cured by additional computerized tomography-guided or ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage and medical management or surgery. Five of the 15 died. Percutaneous drainage cured 11 of 14 infected pseudocysts and palliated two, which were subsequently cured by surgery; one was palliated but the patient was lost to follow-up. Surgical drainage cured six of 12 infected pseudocysts and palliated the other six, of which four were cured by further surgery and the other two were cured by secondary percutaneous drainage. Nine of 12 noninfected pseudocysts were cured by percutaneous aspiration, and two were palliated and later cured. In one patient, disease progressed, and he was ultimately lost to follow-up. Thirteen of 14 noninfected pseudocysts were cured by surgical drainage. The other patient died of pulmonary embolus. In patients treated by percutaneous techniques, there were four major complications. Our study established distinct advantages of percutaneous drainage under computerized tomographic and ultrasonic guidance: (1) the procedures can be carried out under ultrasonic guidance in an intensive care unit on critically ill patients, (2) the technique proved highly effective for initial palliation, with defervescence and stabilization occurring in most critically ill patients within 48 hours, (3) findings from fine needle aspiration provided valuable information as to microorganisms and antibiotic sensitivities and differed in 29 of 85 patients from those of concomitant blood cultures, and (4) definitive eradication of the process (surgical ablation of residual necrotic material) can be elected after the patient's clinical condition stabilizes.
Modeling Interactions in

The ability to accurately identify “reply-to” relations in online discussions has important implications for various social media analytics applications. However, accurately identifying such interactions remains a challenge, with existing methods providing inadequate performance. In this study, we propose a novel method for modeling social media interactions. The proposed method leverages several empirical insights about online interaction patterns, coupled with a robust machine learning algorithm, for enhanced classification of social media interactions. Furthermore, the proposed method also facilitates the creation of more accurate social media networks. As topological information derived from online communication continues to play an integral role in various social media analytics application areas, the results of our work have important implications.
[Comparative evaluation of sealing ability of different obturation materials].

INTRODUCTION Root canal filling materials are intended to prevent microleakage and passing of microorganisms and their toxins along the root canal space and into the periradicular tissues. OBJECTIVE Objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare apical leakage of root canals obturated using a modified warm vertical condensation technique and different materials. METHODS Sixty-five extracted single-root teeth were prepared according to the crown-down/ step-back technique. Each canal was rinsed with 3% NaOCl during and after the preparation. The teeth were divided into 3 groups. Every group was obturated by the same technique, but with different materials: RealSeal system (SybronEndo), gutta-percha with AH Plus (Dentsply Maillefer) and gutta-percha with Acroseal sealer (Septodont). The remaining 20 teeth were in the control group. The teeth were immersed in 1% methylene blue for 72 hours. After that period, the roots were split longitudinally, and dye penetration was measured using a stereomicroscope. RESULTS Dye penetration occurred in all groups. The least dye penetration occurred in the RealSeal group (0.33 +/- 0.29 mm), while the highest dye penetration occurred in the Acroseal group (1.11 +/- 0.52 mm). According to the Student's t-test, Acroseal showed significantly more leakage (p < 0.001) than RealSeal and AH Plus materials. The microleakage of RealSeal system was not significantly different (p > 0.05) from that of AH Plus sealer with gutta-percha. CONCLUSION The results suggested that new material Resilon (RealSeal) and conventional combination AH Plus with guttapercha had the least apical dye penetration and provided the best sealing.
Serological evidence of Bartonella spp. infection in the UK

We reviewed serological and epidemiological data relating to 1000 consecutive patients from whom specimens were submitted for estimation of bartonella antibodies, using MRL Diagnostics Bartonella IFA IgM and IgG kits. Using 289 control sera, we estimated the specificity of the kits as [ges ]99·0%. Evidence of bartonella infection was found in 16·3% of patients examined. Rates varied by patient group: 20% of patients for whom a diagnosis of cat scratch disease (CSD) was considered probable had evidence of infection, as did 10·4% of patients with ‘possible CSD’, 8·1% of patients with possible bacillary angiomatosis, 18·2% of patients with ‘culture negative’ endocarditis and 17·6% of patients with possible bartonellosis with ophthalmic involvement. An IgM response was seen in 6·6% of patients and IgG in 15·1%. Cases were more frequent among males than females (18·5% vs. 13·9%). Analysis by age showed that although rates of infection were highest in the decades 0–9 years (19·4%) and 10–19 years (20·7%), they fell only slightly in the next three decades. MRL bartonella kits appears to provide a useful and specific approach to the diagnosis of these infections.
Mouse undifferentiated spermatogonial stem cells cultured as aggregates under simulated microgravity

Dynamic simulated microgravity (SMG) culture systems provide environments that stimulate stem cell proliferation and differentiation. However, the effect of SMG on spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) remains unclear. Here, we used a rotating cell culture system (RCCS) to determine its effect on mouse SSC proliferation and differentiation. SSCs were enriched from mouse pub testis and cocultured with Sertoli cell feeders pre‐treated with mitomycin C on fibrin scaffolds in a rotary bioreactor for 14 days. Our results show that mouse SSCs cultured in a rotary bioreactor exhibited enhanced proliferation surpassing those cultured in static conditions, although SSC cultures in SMG underwent a growth lag at initial 3 days. After 14 days, mouse SSCs and feeders grew into cell aggregates with average diameters of 242.63 ± 16.53 μm compared with those in conventional static culture (49.51 ± 15.64 μm). Related detection revealed that proliferating SSCs in SMG remained undifferentiated, maintained clone‐forming capacity and were capable of differentiation into round spermatids with flagella. The growth characteristics of mouse SSCs in RCCS suggest that the resulting aggregates are similar to native in vivo cells. Rotary bioreactors that create SMG environments may be an alternative to conventional systems for the clinical application of SSCs.
GRANT NUMBER DAMD17-94-J-4115 TITLE: Improving 5-Fluorouracil Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients by Monitoring Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Activity PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR:

s/Presentations 1. Amin, G. , Shahinian, H. , Miller, D. , Vukelj, S. , Zhang, R. , Lu, Z. , Diasio, R.B. Severe neurotoxicity following 5-fluorouracil (FUra) chemotherapy in patients with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency. Pro. Am. Soc. Gin. Oncol. 1995; 14: 169 (Abstract # 361). 2. Takimoto, C, Lu, Z. , Zhang, R. , Liang, M. , Larson, L. , Grem, J.L. , Allegra, C.L. , Chu, E. Severe neurotoxicity following 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in a patient with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency.Clin. Pharm. Ther. 1996; 59: 161. 3. Lu, Z. , Zhang, R. , Carpenter, J., Yan, J., Diasio, R.B. Decreased dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) activity in breast cancer patients; Potential increased risk for 5fluorouracil toxicity. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 1996; 37: 184. (1996 Glaxo Wellcome Oncology Clinical Research Scholar AwardAmerican Association For Cancer Research).
Determination of the cooling requirements for single cell photovoltaic receivers under variable atmospheric parameters

The performance of multijunction solar cells in the field varies significantly compared to the rating under standard test conditions; this is mainly due to the spectral sensitivity of such solar cells. The additional losses in the electrical power contribute to the thermal load which needs to be dissipated by a cooling mechanism attached to the back of the receiver. It is important therefore to quantify the heat power under realistic conditions. This paper investigates the cooling requirements of single cell photovoltaic receivers taking into consideration the influence of turbidity (or aerosol optical depth) and precipitable water. It is shown that a heat transfer coefficient greater than 1300 W/m2K is required to keep the solar cell under 100°C at all times.