Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Significance of Gender-related Development Indicators: An Analysis of Indian States

This article illustrates the complexities of gender-related development through an analysis of individual indicators covering issues of women’s work, education, health, survival, safety and participation in public/private decision-making. State level comparisons based on selected individual gender-related indicators reveal divergent patterns of development, highlighting the problems that complexity and non-linearity pose for measuring gender development. In the absence of unilinear patterns of gender development across Indian states, the significance of non-composite indicators and their importance for problem identification and effective intervention is highlighted.
From creeping to inertial flow in porous media: a lattice Boltzmann–finite element study

The lattice Boltzmann method has been successfully applied for the simulation of flow through porous media in the creeping regime. Its technical properties, namely discretization, straightforward implementation and parallelization, are responsible for its popularity. However, flow through porous media is not restricted to near zero Reynolds numbers since inertial effects play a role in numerous natural and industrial processes. In this paper we investigate the capability of the lattice Boltzmann method to correctly describe flow in porous media at moderate Reynolds numbers. The selection of the lattice resolution, the collision kernel and the boundary conditions becomes increasingly important and the challenge is to keep artifacts due to compressibility effects at a minimum. The lattice Boltzmann results show an accurate quantitative agreement with finite element method results and evidence the capability of the method to reproduce Darcy’s law at low Reynolds numbers and Forchheimer’s law at high Reynolds numbers.
Recovery of Populations of Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) and American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) Following Harvest

Abstract Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) and American ginseng(Panax quinquefolius L.) have been harvested commercially for the past few centuries. Harvested populations can recover if vegetative propagules remain in the soil. Experiment I tested the efficacy of vegetative reproduction in goldenseal and ginseng. Partial and intact rhizomes and roots were planted in garden experiments in West Virginia and monitored for 1 y (goldenseal), and for 4 y (ginseng). During the experiment more than 40% of the propagule types of goldenseal (n = 5) and ginseng (n = 7) sprouted. Sprouting varied from year to year in ginseng, and dormancy and/or death occurred in both species. Of the ginseng propagules that sprouted, 77% were dormant for at least 1 y and half of those were not present in the final year of the experiment. Sprouting and reproductive status were dependent on propagule type for both species. In Experiment II we monitored recovery of wild populations of goldenseal and ginseng following natural and simulated harvests. After a harvest event leaving only 4 visible plants at the site, a goldenseal population recovered to 932 stems in the first growing season. In the subsequent 3 y, the population declined numerically, but the size of individuals increased significantly. In a harvested ginseng population, less than half the original number of ginseng plants were present 1 y after harvest. By the second year, stem number exceeded the preharvest count, but the demographic structure of the population had changed dramatically: 78% of the population was reproductive before harvest, while 0%, 4%, 7%, 18% and 26%, respectively, were reproductive in the 5 y following harvest. Both rhizomes and roots of goldenseal and ginseng are capable of regenerating plants, conferring a degree of short term resiliency following harvest.
Intergenerational Transmission of Inflation Preferences and Monetary Institutions : Theory and Evidence

We develop an overlapping-generations framework with endogenous heterogeneous inflation preferences that incorporates adaptive learning and imperfect empathy. Preference transmission occurs via a process of socialization, whereby parents and peers affect the adoption of a particular type revealed at adulthood. Agents then optimize the degree of lifetime inflation protection to be enacted as mandate for the monetary authority. Voting equilibria consequently modify the evolving monetary institutions of a society. Empirical tests, employing an inflation aversion measure we construct from survey data and apply to central bank independence, provide cross-sectional evidence in support of our theory. JEL classification: D72, D83, E31, E58, H41, J10
The prevalence and determinants of anaemia in Jordan PDF version

Background: Anaemia is a global public health problem particularly in lowand middle-income countries and may be associated with serious health consequences. Limited studies, if any, have examined the prevalence and risk factors of anaemia in Jordan at the national level. Aims: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anaemia in Jordan for both sexes at the national level and to identify high-risk population subgroups. Methods: A national population-based household sample was selected from the 12 governorates of Jordan in 2017. A total of 1125 males and 2797 females aged between 18 and 90 years were included. The prevalence of anaemia, overall and among subgroups of the population was estimated using Hb level as per WHO definition. Results: Results showed prevalence of anaemia to be 5.2% in males, 20.3% in non-pregnant females, and 27.4% in pregnant females. Anaemia was predominantly mild (males: 81%, non-pregnant females: 57.0%, and pregnant females: 65.2%). Sex, age, region, marital status, and education were significantly associated with anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) accounted for 68% of anaemic females and 38% of anaemic males.
Reliability and validity of a measure of work-related subjective experiences among people with psychiatric disabilities

Geoffrey Waghorn, Meredith G Harris, Beverly Gladman, Nicole Hennessey, Chris Lloyd, Bryan Mowry Aims: To investigate aspects of the reliability and validity of the Work-related Subjective Experiences Scale (WSE-38), an instrument designed to help mental health professionals tailor mental health care to reduce employment restrictions. Methods: Sixty community residents with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were recruited from a register of previous research participants in an existing genetics study of people with schizophrenia. The WSE-38 was administered via telephone interview, repeated two-five days later. Short-cycle test-retest reliability internal structure, and concurrent validity were assessed. Face validity, utility, consumer and clinician acceptability were examined qualitatively. Findings: Short cycle test-retest reliability for most items and the total score were found to be good to very good. Items with low reliability were removed. Concurrent validity was promising with respect to .
Stability of Fractional Chern Insulators in the Effective Continuum Limit of $|C|>1$ Harper-Hofstadter Bands

We study the stability of composite fermion fractional quantum Hall states in Harper-Hofstadter bands with Chern number $|C|>1$. We analyze the states of the composite fermion series for bosons with contact interactions and (spinless) fermions with nearest-neighbor interactions. We examine the scaling of the many-body gap as the bands are tuned to the effective continuum limit $n_\phi\to 1/|C|$. Near these points, the Hofstadter model realises large magnetic unit cells that yield bands with perfectly flat dispersion and Berry curvature. We exploit the known scaling of energies in the effective continuum limit in order to maintain a fixed square aspect ratio in finite-size calculations. Based on exact diagonalization calculations of the band-projected Hamiltonian, we show that almost all finite-size spectra yield the ground state degeneracy predicted by composite fermion theory. We confirm that states at low ranks in the composite fermion hierarchy are the most robust, and yield a clear gap in the thermodynamic limit. For bosons in $|C|=2$ and $|C|=3$ bands, our data for the composite fermion states are compatible with a finite gap in the thermodynamic limit. We also report new evidence for gapped incompressible states of fermions in $|C|>1$ bands, which have large entanglement gaps. For cases with a clear spectral gap, we confirm that the thermodynamic limit commutes with the effective continuum limit. We analyze the nature of the correlation functions for the Abelian composite fermion states and find that they feature $|C|^2$ smooth sheets. We examine two cases associated with a bosonic integer quantum Hall effect (BIQHE): for $\nu=2$ in $|C|=1$ bands, we find a strong competing state with a higher ground state degeneracy, so no clear BIQHE is found in the band-projected Hofstadter model; for $\nu=1$ in $|C|=2$ bands, we present additional data confirming the existence of a BIQHE state.
A Linguistic Analysis of Errors in News Agencies and Websites of Iran

In this research, we analyzed the common errors of three highly visited news websites of Iran within three syntactic, morphological and typographic-orthographic level to scrutinize the pitfalls of news websites. The data was gathered from three news websites of ALEF, ASRE-IRAN AND TABNAK which are listed among the most visited news websites in Iran based on Alexa ranking site. The findings showed that in studying the syntactic level of the materials on the news sites, one can face with a breach in the unmarked constituent order of Persian language and asymmetrical verbs deletion. Furthermore, the writing errors in the news are more of the typographical errors, and lack of using punctuations in the news and the commonest linguistic errors in morphological level in news sites are lexical redundancy.
Coexistence and Market Assurance for Production of Non–Genetically Engineered Alfalfa Hay and Forage in a Biotech Era

The introduction of Genetically-Engineered (GE) alfalfa requires a mechanism for producers to successfully grow and market alfalfa hay destined for GE-sensitive markets such as organic and export. A process of coexistence includes elements of respect for diverse agricultural systems, improved communication, scientific knowledge, and market clarity. A definition for ‘Non-GE Alfalfa Forage’ is proposed, along with suggested production protocols. These protocols include securing non GE-detect seed, steps to reduce the probability of gene flow in hay fields, equipment sanitation, hay lot identification, and hay testing for low-level presence. The largest risk for low-level presence in hay is likely to originate from unwanted GE presence in the planting seed. Secondary risks include accidental mixing of hays during harvest or storage, followed by gene flow between forage fields. The tolerance for low-level presence in non-GE hay must meet specific market sensitivities. Promoting absolute zero GE hay (e.g. ‘GMO Free) is a practical and analytical impossibility, creates difficulties for farmers, and makes no sense for a non-toxic unwanted market factor. Regulatory-based tolerances, driven largely by countries that do not permit a GE trait may require non-GE determination to a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%. Market-based tolerance thresholds may differ greatly depending upon the sensitivity of markets. For market purposes, a definition of non-GE alfalfa as having a low-level presence of less than 0.9% of dry matter is suggested. Coexistence strategies for alfalfa forage require an understanding of the sources of low-level presence, market tolerances of diverse markets, and market assurance processes.
Authenticity and well‐being in the workplace: a mediation model

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the link between authenticity at work and well‐being. First, the relationship between authenticity at work and hedonic and eudemonic well‐being indexes is assessed. Second, the mediating role of meaning of work in the relationship between authenticity at work and subjective well‐being at work is investigated.Design/methodology/approach – In total, 360 managers from public organizations completed self‐reported questionnaires. Multiple hierarchical regressions were used to assess the hypotheses.Findings – Cognitive and behavioral components of authenticity at work explained a significant proportion of variance in each hedonic and eudemonic well‐being indexes. Authenticity is positively associated with well‐being at work. Moreover, meaning of work is a partial mediator of the relationship between authenticity and subjective well‐being at work.Practical implications – The results suggest that meaning of work is a mechanism in the relationship between authe.
A population study of type II bursts in the Rapid Burster

Type II bursts are thought to arise from instabilities in the accretion flow on to a neutron star in an X-ray binary. Despite having been known for almost 40 years, no model can yet satisfactorily account for all their properties. To shed light on the nature of this phenomenon and provide a reference for future theoretical work, we study the entire sample of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer data of type II bursts from the Rapid Burster (MXB 1730−335). We find that type II bursts are Eddington-limited in flux, that a larger amount of energy goes in the bursts than in the persistent emission, that type II bursts can be as short as 0.130 s, and that the distribution of recurrence times drops abruptly below 15-18 s. We highlight the complicated feedback between type II bursts and the NS surface thermonuclear explosions known as type I bursts, and between type II bursts and the persistent emission. We review a number of models for type II bursts. While no model can reproduce all the observed burst properties and explain the source uniqueness, models involving a gating role for the magnetic field come closest to matching the properties of our sample. The uniqueness of the source may be explained by a special combination of magnetic field strength, stellar spin period and alignment between the magnetic field and the spin axis.
Intervertebral Disc Prolapse: Comparison between Two Manual Techniques

Background: Low Back pain is one of the most common medical problems and lumbar disc prolapse is estimated to account for approximately 37% of cases of low back pain. Purpose: To compare McKenzie repeated extension and Cyriax concept in intervertebral disc prolapse. Method: 30 subjects with acute or subacute low back pain were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. Group I received McKenzie listing correction followed by repeated extension exercises and Extension Mobilization. Group II received Cyriax listing correction followed by Traction. Total duration of treatment was 2 weeks i.e., 5 days/ week. Results: Both the groups showed reduction in pain and improvement in ROM over time but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Conclusion: The study suggests that both McKenzie and Cyriax approaches are effective without significant difference between them in managing low back pain, function and range of motion of lumbar spine in patients with Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc.
MODIFIED KASTNER FORMULA FOR CYLINDRICAL CAVITY CONTRACTION IN MOHR-COULOMB MEDIUM FOR CIRCULAR TUNNEL IN ISOTROPIC MEDIUM

The Kastner formula for cavity contraction is one of the commonly used formulae for the cavity contraction problem in tunnel excavation, and it is based on the assumption of small displacement around the cavity with no volume change in the plastic zone. In this paper, the errors arising from these assumptions are discussed, and the volume change of the plastic zone is considered. It can be seen that this assumption is reasonable for normal situations, but for rock with weak shear strength, the Kastner formula should be used with care, especially in situations where there will be relatively large volume changes in the plastic zone.
Investigation of Radial Swirler Effect on Flow Pattern inside a Gas Turbine Combustor

A study was conducted to investigate the flow pattern in a gas turbine combustor using numerical and experimental approaches. The main function of a combustor is to burn the air-fuel mixture then to admit the high energy burnt gases, with uniform and limited temperature, to drive the turbine blades. The gas temperature must not exceed a certain allowable temperature to prevent any damage of the blades. Flow pattern within the combustor has a great effect on the self sustaining flame, mixing of fuel and air, combustion intensity and combustor exit temperature uniformity. For this reason, a radial vaned swirler was used in this study to demonstrate its effect on the flow pattern within the combustor. The radial swirler vanes had an aerodynamically curved profile to allow the incoming axial flow to turn gradually and hence to inhibit the flow separation on the suction side of the vane. Therefore, smooth flow turning, higher tangential and radial-velocity components can be generated at the swirler exit with lower pressure loss. Three swirler vane angles 40°, 50° and 60° corresponding to swirl numbers of 0.35, 0.54 and 1.13 were used to evaluate their effect on the combustor aerodynamics. The results show that the swirl number has a direct proportion relationship with the size and shape of the central recirculation zone as well as the corner recirculation. It is concluded that with the use of 40°, 50° and 60° vane angles swirler, the vortex breakdown phenomena occurs at different intensities and sizes.
Fabrication and Testing of a Micro-scalable pH Sensor for Implanted Biomedical Use

Biosensors have recently moved into the arena of implantable devices. This incredible capability,to continuously monitor physiological parameters in-situ, allows for earlier and fundamentallymore accurate measurements. As pH is one of the most important biological factors, implantabledevices to measure pH are of great interest. Unfortunately, current pH sensors exhibit signal driftand require regular recalibration. Since this is impractical for implanted devices, much work isneeded in order to extend the working life of the pH sensor. The present work implemented threetechniques for fabricating a pH sensor based on an iridium oxide sensing layer that are compatiblewith micro-fabrication techniques and implantable devices. They are the oxidation of pure iridium,reactive sputtering of iridium in an oxygen environment, and anodic electrodeposition of iridiumoxide. The response of the sensors based on these indicating layers to tests in buer solution revealeda high degree of linearity. Slopes of the response were in agreement with those found in theliterature. Life tests were performed to characterize the signal drift over 20 hours of continuoususe. The established processes for fabricating the pH sensors provide a vehicle for further investigationinto techniques for extending life, specifically, by using microfluidic devices. Preliminarytests were done to show that interruption of the electrochemical circuit slows signal drift. This canbe accomplished in microscale devices using a microfluidic switching mechanism proposed here.
Genotype by trait biplot analysis to study associations and profiles of Ethiopian white lupin (Lupinus albus) landraces

Limited information is available on trait relations and profiles of white lupin landraces in tropical growing conditions including Ethiopia. The objectives of this study were to understand the relationships among traits, and to document trait profile of Ethiopian white lupin landraces. As a component of this study, two sets of experiments were conducted. The first comprehensive experiment that consisted of 144 accessions collected from major lupin growing areas of Ethiopia was evaluated at Merawi and the second experiment that consisted of 12 selected accessions was evaluated across six locations. In both experiments, significant variations were observed among the accessions for most studied traits. Higher heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for grain yield, indicating the possibility of improving this trait through selection. Genotype by trait biplots captured 55% 66% of the variations due to genotype by trait interactions. Trait association and trait profile biplots were constructed for highland, mid altitude and low land environments, and across all locations. Different patterns of associations and genotype (accession) by trait interactions were observed in different environments. However, genotype by trait biplots consistently indicated that grain yield had positive associations with most of the traits; especially, with number of pods per plant, plant height and seeds per pod. The study identified some accession with desirable performances as good for specific trait and/or trait groups that could be considered as sources of genes for the traits they have best performed. G8 consistently showed higher grain yield, G2 had higher number of branches and higher number of seeds per plant, G7 had more number of pods per plant and larger seed size and G4 produced longer pods. The accessions used in this study were found to be useful sources for genetic variability for future breeding that targets to improve grain yield and other agronomic traits of white lupin in Ethiopia.
Optimization of Tribological Performance of Al-6061T6-15% SiCp-15% Al 2 O 3 Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites Using Taguchi Method & Grey Relational Analysis

In this investigation, optimization of tribological performance parameters of Al-6061T6 alloy reinforced with SiC (15% by weight) and Al2O3 (15% by weight) particulates having particle size of 37 μm each has been presented. The wear and frictional properties of the hybrid metal matrix composites have been studied by performing dry sliding wear test using pin-on-disc wear tester. A L27 orthogonal array is selected for the analysis of the data. From the test results it is observed that sliding distance has the significant contribution in controlling the friction and wear behaviour of hybrid composites. A confirmation test is also carried out to verify the accuracy of the results obtained through the optimization. In addition an optical micrograph test is also performed on the wear tracks to study the wear mechanism.
Generation of Squeezing in Higher Order Hermite-Gaussian Modes with an Optical Parametric Amplifier

We demonstrate quantum correlations in the transverse plane of continuous wave light beams by producing -4.0 dB, -2.6 dB and -1.5 dB of squeezing in the TEM_{00}, TEM_{10} and TEM_{20} Hermite-Gauss modes with an optical parametric amplifier, respectively. This has potential applications in quantum information networking, enabling parallel quantum information processing. We describe the setup for the generation of squeezing and analyse the effects of various experimental issues such as mode overlap between pump and seed and nonlinear losses.