Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Desensitization of Th rmal Hyperemia in the Skin is Reprodudbl

Objective: Local heating increases skin blood flow SkBF (thermal liyperemia). In a previous study, we reported that a first local thermal stimulus could attenuate the hyperemic response to a second one applied later on the same skin spot, a phenomenon that we termed desensitization. However, other studies found no evidence for desensitization in similar conditions. The aim of the present work was to test whether it was related to differences in instrumentation. Methods: Twenty-eight healthy young males were studied. Two pairs of heating chambers, one custom-made (our study) and one commercial (other groups), were affixed to forearm skin. SkBF was measured with single-point laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF) (780 nm) in one pair, and laser-Doppler imaging (LDI) (633 nm) in the other. A temperature step from 34 to 41°C, was applied for 30 minutes and repeated after two hours. Results: During the second thermal challenge, the plateau SkBF was lower than dming the first thermal and was observed with each of the four combinations of SkBF measurement techniques and heating equipment (p < 0.05 for ail conditions, range -9% to -16% of the initial value). Conclusion: Desensitization of thermal hyperemia is not specific to peculiar operating conditions.
Discussion Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy Penetrating the “Knowledge Filter” in Regional Economies

New knowledge in the form of products, processes and organizations leads to opportunities that can be exploited commercially. However, converting new ideas into economic growth requires turning new knowledge into economic knowledge that constitutes a commercial opportunity. Acs, Audretsch, Braunerhjelm, and Carlsson (2003) develop a model that introduces a “knowledge filter" between new knowledge and economic knowledge and identifies both new ventures and incumbent firms as the mechanism that reduces the knowledge filter and increases regional growth. This paper tests the hypotheses that new venture creation is a better mechanism than the absorptive capacity of incumbent firms for converting new knowledge into economic knowledge. Our results support the contention that new venture creation is a superior method of penetrating the regional “knowledge filer" than incumbent firms. JEL: M13, O10, O18, O30, L10
Competition And Real Activities Manipulation

We enrich the research on income manipulation by establishing a link among companies’ price-setting control and the extent of real activities management. Examining three types of real activities management, the results reveal an interesting asymmetry in how companies employ income manipulation based on their pricing strength. We discover that companies with weaker price-setting clout employ larger manipulation of sales and production costs as a tool to manage income, while firms with more dominant pricing power prefer managing discretionary expenses.
Theologising the Discourse of Representation through ‘Faith’ and Religion in Football News

The paper examines the use of ‘faith’ in football through the analysis of the patterns of its co-occurrences in the corpus of football news articles in The Star, a local Malaysian English language newspaper. These articles have been produced by the local news authors who claim to be the faithful of particular football teams. The use of ‘faith’ has been found to express and call for the allegiance towards the preferred teams which is addressed to the audience in general. In this sense, the overdetermined role of the authors as the news producers and the supporters of certain football teams may contribute to how they are represented in the media. Moreover, ‘faith’ has often been limited to religion and little is known about its use in sport and representation. Hencethe investigation is aimed at making sense of the meanings of ‘faith’ in the context of football to further unveil its role in the discourse of representation. The results reveal the co-occurrences of ‘faith’ with the vocabulary of religion simulating interdiscursive relations that strategise on theologising the representation of the news participants in attempts to legitimise the allegiance to particular sides in football naturally. Consequently, using faith of religion to call for faith in football may lead to the glorification and derogation of certain football teams that further influence their representation as ‘Us’ or ‘Them’. As this practice may also be accepted as a common practice indicating sports rivalry, it also makes ‘faith’ a naturalised code without appearing to be ideological. Keywords: faith; theologisation; representation; news discourse; interdiscursivity
EVALUATION OF GRAIN QUALITY PROPERTIES OF SOME IRAQI AND ICARDA SELECTED DURUM WHEAT CULTIVARS

Four samples of Iraqi durum wheat cultivars and six selected varieties of ICARDA were involved in this study, for their grain quality tests and flour rheological properties comparison. Their gliadin electrophoresis was also conducted. Results showed a significant variation among tested varieties for the grain characters, protein quantity and quality in term of SDS-sedimentation test. The highest levels of SDS-values and SDS-index were recorded for Haurani, Korifla, Gidara-2, and Om rabi-5, but Caronia is the best in pigments. Among the tested cultivars, Iraqi cultivar Caronia resemble the Syrian one (Haurani) in giving positive reaction with phenol test. Concerning with the gliadin subunits electrophoregrams patterns, cultivars can be classified into two groups, those possess the gamma gliadin components designated 45 and the linked omega gliadin 35, include cultivars (Caronia, Acsad-65, Simeto, Creso, Om rabi-5, Haurani, Korifla and Gidara-2, while those possess gamma gliadin 42, included cultivars (Waha, , and Cham-5). INTRODUCTION Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf) consider one of the most important cereal crops, more than 85% of the world durum production area is located in the Mediterranean basin. Manufacturing and marketing of the products are also concentrated in the region Nachit, 1998). It is utilize by people differently, such as Bulghur, Kuba, or Habia, Noodles, Macroni, Spaghati . etc. Varieties vary for their suitability to these dishes. In Iraq, durum grown at lesser extent than bread wheat, it is mainly found in the Northern governorates of Iraq, and mostly under rain-fed conditions, where annual rainfall ranges between 350-500mm (Al-Ansary, 1982; Al-Younis et al., 1987; and Adary et al., 2002). The variations were almost attributed to the genetic diversity in addition to the agro-ecological and environmental conditions, and cultural practices (e.g. cropping system, previous crop in rotation, fertilization, and annual rainfall). The yield productivity is low and it is stability is related to the fluctuation in annual rainfall. Several local and introduced varieties are grown in Iraq. Breeders had mainly dealt with grain yield but less with grain quality. Great efforts have to be done by researchers to develop productive genetic materials combining high grain quality with resistance to the main abiotic and biotic stress
Therapeutic Effect of L-Carnitine on Acute Pancreatitis Induced by L-Arginine in Rats: Possible Role of Beclin Gene and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

Background: Acute Pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by a severe inflammation, associated with premature activation of pancreatic digestive enzymes, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and infiltration of inflammatory cells into the pancreas. Medical therapy remains the principal option for treating AP. However, there is no specific effective drug to treat it. Aim of Study: This study is an experimental study that evaluates the therapeutic effect of L-carnitine at different doses on l-arginine induced pancreatitis in rats. Material and Methods: Thirty healthy adult male albino rats were involved in this study. AP was induced by L-arginine at a dose of (200mg/100g intraperitoneal twice at an interval of 1h). L carnitine (100, 300, 500mg/kg) was injected daily intraperitoneally for one week in treatment of acute pancreatitis in rats. The pancreatic injury was assessed using pharmacological, biochemical and histological approaches. We evaluate the systolic blood pressure before and after treatment and pancreas to body weight ratio. Biochemical measurement of serum amylase, pancreatic tissue glutathione and malondaldehyde, gene expression of Beclin by real time PCR. Also, all groups were examined histopathologically. Results: Our work revealed that L-arginine injected group showed significant acute pancreatitis biochemically and histopathologically in addition to increased percentage change of systolic blood pressure. While those treated by L-carnitine especially (500mg/kg) showed significant improvement biochemically as shown by increased pancreatic tissue glutathione level and decreased pancreatic tissue malondialdehyde level, also decreased gene expression of Beclin that approaches to normal, and histopathologically mainly in area of iNOS which is decreased towards normal. Conclusion: It is concluded that dose related L-carnitine can have a role of acute pancreatitis treatment not only by its antioxidant effect but also by being inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase and by affection of autophagy which is represented by Beclin gene expression.
third‐line sunitinib after failure of first‐line cytokine therapy and second-line sorafenib in patients with clear-cell mRCC. A total of 14 consecutive patients with clear-cell mRCC treated with third-line sunitinib

Third-line sunitinib is occasionally used for selected patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical significance of third‐line sunitinib after failure of first‐line cytokine therapy and second-line sorafenib in patients with clear-cell mRCC. A total of 14 consecutive patients with clear-cell mRCC treated with third-line sunitinib between December 2008 and February 2012 were enrolled in the present study. Disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and relative dose intensity (RDI) were compared with those of first‐line (n=20) and second‐line (n=14) sunitinib treatment. The DCR was 42.9%, the median PFS was 12.0 months, and the median OS was 20.0 months for third-line sunitinib; there were no statistically significant differences compared with first‐line and second‐line sunitinib. The mean RDI was significantly lower for third‐line sunitinib compared with first‐ and second‐line sunitinib (P=0.0003 and 0.0109, respectively). Therefore, third-line sunitinib is an effective treatment option for selected patients with mRCC, as optimized therapeutic efficacy was obtained with a relatively low dose of sunitinib.
Personality & Job Performance in the Sales Occupation: Exploring the Mediating Roles of Affective Commitment & Service Quality Orientation

I CONTENT . II LITERATURE REVIEW & HYPOTHESES . 3 JOB PERFORMANCE . 3 THE FIVE-FACTOR MODEL OF PERSONALITY . 5 PERSONALITY & JOB PERFORMANCE . 7 PERSONALITY & JOB PERFORMANCE IN THE SALES OCCUPATION . 9 GLOBAL TRAITS VS. FACETS . 10 ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT . 11 AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT & JOB PERFORMANCE . 12 PERSONALITY & AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT . 14 SERVICE QUALITY ORIENTATION . 14 SERVICE QUALITY ORIENTATION & JOB PERFORMANCE . 15 PERSONALITY & SERVICE QUALITY ORIENTATION . 16 METHOD . 18 SAMPLE & PROCEDURE . 18 MEASURES . 19 The Big Five Inventory-2 . 19 Affective commitment . 19 Service quality orientation . 19 Job performance . 20 Control variables . 20 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS . 21 RESULTS . 22 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS . 22 Cronbach’s alpha . 22 ANOVA analysis . 23 Correlation analysis: global traits . 23 Correlation analysis: facets . 26 MEDIATION ANALYSIS: GLOBAL TRAITS . 30 MEDIATION ANALYSIS: FACETS . 32 DISCUSSION . 34 LIMITATIONS & FUTURE RESEARCH . 42 PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS . 44 CONCLUSION . 45 REFERENCES . 46 APPENDIX: MEASURES USED IN ANALYSES . 56 1010494 GRA 19703
Mutant and wild-type p53 complex with p73 in response to JNK phosphorylation

Mutant p53 and p73 have been shown to form a complex, which renders p73 inactive, but it has been previously reported that wild-type p53 does not interact with p73. Mutations in the DNA binding domain of p53 result in structural changes that are permissive for interaction with p73. In a mouse model, p73 and p53 are important to effectively induce apoptosis, and there are several specific domains of p53 that are important for its apoptotic activity including the Proline Rich Domain (PRD). Within this domain, phosphorylation of threonine 81 (Thr81) mediated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is important for apoptosis. We examined if phosphorylation of Thr81 was important for mutant or wild-type p53 to bind to p73. Our data shows that phosphorylation of Thr81 results in both mutant and wild-type p53 complex formation with p73. Structurally, the phosphorylation of Thr81 exposes the DNA binding domain of which is important for binding to p73. The dimerization of p53 and p73 is important for the induction of apoptotic targets such as p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and the induction of apoptosis in response to JNK activation. We describe how JNK phosphorylation of mutant and wild-type p53 promotes a p53/p73 complex that dictates cell fate. These findings refine the current understanding of the role of p53 and p73 and reveal a new functional role for Thr81 phosphorylation. One Sentence Summary: JNK phosphorylation of mutant or wild type p53 increases the interaction of p73 with mutant p53, as well as p73 and wild-type p53, leading to the induction of apoptosis (WT p53). Corresponding author. ldmayo@iu.edu. †These authors contributed equally to this manuscript. Author contributions: ERW and CMA contributed equally and KB and AB contributed equally. LDM conducted some experiments and wrote the article. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. HHS Public Access Author manuscript Sci Signal. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2019 August 01. Published in final edited form as: Sci Signal. ; 11(524): . doi:10.1126/scisignal.aao4170. A uhor M anscript
Modernisation and development of environmental consciousness in Estonia: a paradigmatic approach

The article takes a closer look at the formation dynamics of environmental consciousness of the post-socialist country Estonia. The development of knowledge, attitudes and practices with regard to the environment are nowadays mostly explained in terms of media effects and information distribution. Too little emphasis is given to the analysis of the structural changes in society. The article aims to fill this gap, by analysing how the structural change of society is related with the change in social actors‟ concern over the natural environment and natural resources. Inspired by modernisation theories, the author aims to refresh the discussion of anthropocentric and environmental world-views and approaches the analysis through three ideal-type paradigms of modern environmental consciousness: social, environmental, and ecological. The formation of paradigms has been analysed through diverse empirical data on environmental policies, media, and pro-environmental civic and consumer practices. The analysis revealed that the formation of the environmental consciousness in post-Soviet Estonia have been shaped by the clash and intertwining of Soviet and (Western) European types of modernity. This combination creates double-standards in the public discussion and management of the environmental issues because the appropriation of the Western European environmental norms has taken place in the form of translation-like social learning. This condition of environmental consciousness may lead to different kinds of environmental and social risks than in Western European societies that may need different kinds of policy solutions.
How Pre-trained Word Representations Capture Commonsense Physical Comparisons

Understanding common sense is important for effective natural language reasoning. One type of common sense is how two objects compare on physical properties such as size and weight: e.g., ‘is a house bigger than a person? ’. We probe whether pre-trained representations capture comparisons and find they, in fact, have higher accuracy than previous approaches. They also generalize to comparisons involving objects not seen during training. We investigate how such comparisons are made: models learn a consistent ordering over all the objects in the comparisons. Probing models have significantly higher accuracy than those baseline models which use dataset artifacts: e.g., memorizing some words are larger than any other word.
EFFECTS OF FEEDING HIGH-NUTRIENT-DENSITY DIETS ON PERFORMANCE OF BOVANS WHITE HENS REARED UNDER SUMMER CONDITIONS IN EGYPT

The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of feeding diets containing high nutrient concentrations on laying performance and egg quality of Bovans White laying hens during the summer season in Egypt. Two hundred hens were randomly distributed into five equal experimental groups, each composed of five replications. Hens were maintained at community cages (8 birds/cage) and subjected to similar hygienic and managerial conditions.A corn-soybean meal-based diet, containing 17.40% crude protein, 2880 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy, 4.35% calcium, 0.43% nonphytate phosphorus, 0.84% lysine, 0.41% methionine, and 0.70% methionine plus cysteine, was formulated in mash form and used as a control. The concentration of nutrients was increased to be 102.5, 105, 107.5 and 110% of those present in the control diet through some dietary manipulations, thus five mash experimental diets were formulated and fed to hens. The laying performance was evaluated in terms of egg production rate, egg weight, daily egg mass, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio during three 28-day periods, from 44 to 56 weeks of age. An egg quality test was also performed to determine the effects of feeding the high-nutrient-density diets on egg components and some exterior and interior parameters of egg quality at the last week of study. At the first 4-week period, feeding the high-nutrient-density diets had no significant effect on laying performance of hens but daily feed intake was inconsistently affected.At the second period, hens fed high-nutrient-density diets achieved significantly higher egg production rate (EPR) and daily egg mass (DEM) compared with the control group while egg weight (EW), daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not affected. At the third period, hens fed 105 and 107.5% diets consumed significantly more feed and displayed higher EPR and DEM than those of other dietary treatments but EW and FCR were not affected. Feeding the high nutrient density diets produced significant improvements in egg weight, yolk index and Haugh units compared with their control counterparts while percentages of egg components, shell weight per unit surface area (SWUSA), egg shape index and yolk color score were not affected. It is concluded that increasing dietary nutrient density up to 110% of the recommended requirements of Bovans White laying hens can positively affect some egg quality traits but had inconsistent effect on their productive performance under Egyptian summer conditions.
C-labelling approach

• The results of a single publication stating that terrestrial plants emit methane has sparked a discussion in several scientific journals, but an independent test has not yet been performed. • Here it is shown, with the use of the stable isotope 13 C and a laser-based measuring technique, that there is no evidence for substantial aerobic methane emission by terrestrial plants, maximally 0.3% (0.4 ng g − 1 h − 1 ) of the previously published values. • Data presented here indicate that the contribution of terrestrial plants to global methane emission is very small at best. • Therefore, a revision of carbon sequestration accounting practices based on the earlier reported contribution of methane from terrestrial vegetation is redundant.
Sleep Quality in COPD Patients; Incidence and Predictors of Poor Quality

Objectives: Evaluation of sleep quality in COPD and relationship of PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) score with health related quality of life, depression, anxiety and severity of airflow obstruction. Patients and Methods: A prospective study of 124 COPD patients, 42 adult control. All completed PFT, ABG, routine investigation. All were age and gender matched. Quality of sleep measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Health related quality of life was measured by diseasespecific (St. George's Respiratory) questionnaires. Anxiety, depression assessed by Hamilton scale and Beck's depression inventory. Results: 53.2% of COPD patients had poor sleep quality, 50% had high risk of OSA with statistically significant difference regarding smoking index, spirometric parameters, 6-min walk test, Berlin questionnaire, PSQI, ESS, BDI and HAMA. COPD poor sleep quality had statistically higher, number of exacerbations, total SGRQ (St.George respiratory questionnaire), ESS (Epworth sleepiness scale), BDI, HAM-A. COPD patients with high risk of OSA had statistically significant number of exacerbations, shorter 6-min walk test and higher total SGRQ, ESS, PSQI, BDI and HAM-A. No relation between disease severity and sleep disturbance, health related quality of life. PSQI was correlated positively with COPD duration, number of exacerbation, PCO2 , HAM-A (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale), BDI (Beck's Depression Inventory) and SGRQ. PSQI was correlated negatively with FEV 1 , FVC%, FEF25-75%, use of (long acting muscarinic antagonists). Conclusion: COPD is associated with poor sleep quality and high risk of OSA. Strong association between poor sleep quality and physical limitation, anxiety, depression and poor health related quality of life.
Development of a European Multi-Model Ensemble System for Seasonal to Inter-Annual Prediction (DEMETER)

Seasonal forecasts are clearly of value to a wide cross section of society, for personal, commercial and humanitarian reasons. Dynamical seasonal forecasts have been made using ensemble systems with slightly different initial conditions. However, if uncertainties in initial conditions are the only perturbations represented in a seasonal-forecast ensemble, then the resulting measures of predictability will not be reliable; the reason being that the model equations are also uncertain. One approach to solve this problem relies on the fact that global climate models have been developed somewhat independently at different climate institutes. An ensemble comprising such quasiindependent models is referred to as a multi-model ensemble. The ability of multi-model ensembles to produce more skilful probability seasonal forecasts will be presented in this contribution. The DEMETER project (Development of a European Multi-model Ensemble System for Seasonal to Interannual Prediction) has been funded under the European Union Vth Framework Environment Programme to assess the skill and potential economic value of multi-model ensemble seasonal forecasts. The principal aim of DEMETER was to advance the concept of multi-model ensemble prediction by installing a number of state-of-the-art global coupled ocean-atmosphere models on a single supercomputer, and to produce a series of six-month multi-model ensemble hindcasts with common archiving and common diagnostic software.
Electoral Competition and Party Positioning1

We survey the literature on the policy positioning of political parties in uniand multi-dimensional policy spaces. We keep throughout the survey the assumption that two parties compete for elections and commit to implementing their policy proposal once elected. The survey stresses the importance of three modeling assumptions: (i) the source of uncertainty in election results, (ii) parties’objectives (electoral —maximizing their expected vote share or their probability of winning the elections—policy oriented or both), and (iii) voters’preferences (if and how they care for parties beyond the policies implemented by the winner).