Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Globality and intentionality attribution of animosity

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the globality and intentionality aspects of consumer boycotts among the Muslim dominant markets around the world through the consumer animosity perspective, to provide better understanding of the issues. Some applied and potential solutions for marketers and policy makers in dealing with the issues are also discussed.Design/methodology/approach – The analytical definition of consumer boycotts through the consumer animosity perspective is proposed and the relevance of the discussion is considered. The relationships between the globality and intentionality attributions with animosity and consumer boycotts are assessed before strategies to deal with the issues are diagnosed. Seminal works of classic and current consumer boycotts and animosity literature are reviewed in developing the conceptual background of the paper. Further conceptual reflections are stated based on the depicted current events in the market around the world.Findings – The conceptual disc.
The effect of endo-mycorrhiza (VAM) treatment on growth of tomato seedling grown under saline conditions

This study was carried out in order to determine the effects of various study doses of mycorrhiza treatment on morphological characteristics and color quality of tomato seedlings (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) which are grown under 100 nM salinity stress. Two different types of tomatoes “AspendosF1” and “Donna F1” were used in this study. Mycorrhiza treatment was performed by using ROOTS-novozymes endo-mycorrhiza fungus (VAM) to obtain 10, 50 and 100 mycorrhiza plants-1. VAM treatment prevented the decrease in the length of the plants caused particularly by high level soil salinity, both inAspendos and Donna species. In both species, the height of the plants which are grown under salt+M50 and salt+M100 conditions became bigger than the control plants and the plants grown under salt conditions. Furthermore, high mycorrhiza treatment also increased the weight of fresh stem and root but had no particular affect on dry stem and root. While chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll quantities of the mycorrhiza treatment with M50 and M100 doses grown under salt conditions were found to be high in comparison to control and salt treatment, carotenoid level was found to be low. Conclusively, mycorrhiza treatment to tomato seedlings which are grown under salt conditions was caused to have seedlings grown by preventing negative effects of salt, and provided a high quality growth and which kept the green color of the seedlings. Key words: Color, mycorrhiza, Lycopersicon esculentum L. , seedling length, root length, weight.
The Efficacy of Antimalarials in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

The use of antimalarial drugs to treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is reviewed regarding their value in SLE of mild-to-moderate disease activity, as corticosteroid-sparing agents, and as an adjunctive therapy in severe SLE. A retrospective controlled study of a variety of antimalarials and a randomized discontinuation trial of hydroxychloroquine support the considerable clinical belief that antimalarials are of benefit in mild-to-moderate SLE. Anecdotal reports and the opinion of experienced clinicians suggest that antimalarials permit the use of lower doses of corticosteroids. No controlled study has confirmed a corticosteroid-sparing role for antimalarials, although no controlled study has been conducted specifically to address this hypothesis. The data on antimalarials in severe SLE are scant. Antimalarials are likely effective in at least a subgroup of SLE patients with mild-to-moderate disease activity. Whether these agents are corticosteroid sparing and prevent severe disease exacerbations is unproven. Given the low toxicity of antimalarials, further studies are clearly warranted.
Phase I, Dose-Escalation Trial of the Oral Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitor PD 0332991, Administered Using a 21-Day Schedule in Patients with Advanced Cancer

Purpose: To identify the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the first-in-class, oral CDK4/6 inhibitor PD 0332991 administered once daily for 21 of 28 days (3/1 schedule) in patients with retinoblastoma protein (Rb)-positive advanced solid tumors and to describe pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic relationships relative to drug effects. Experimental Design: This open-label phase I study (NCT00141297) enrolled patients who received PD 0332991 orally in six dose-escalation cohorts in a standard 3 + 3 design. Results: Forty-one patients were enrolled. DLTs were observed in five patients (12%) overall; at the 75, 125, and 150 mg once daily dose levels. The MTD and recommended phase II dose of PD 0332991 was 125 mg once daily. Neutropenia was the only dose-limiting effect. After cycle 1, grade 3 neutropenia, anemia, and leukopenia occurred in five (12%), three (7%), and one (2%) patient(s), respectively. The most common non-hematologic adverse events included fatigue, nausea, and diarrhea. Thirty-seven patients were evaluable for tumor response; 10 (27%) had stable disease for ≥4 cycles of whom six derived prolonged benefit (≥10 cycles). PD 0332991 was slowly absorbed (median Tmax, 5.5 hours), and slowly eliminated (mean half-life was 25.9 hours) with a large volume of distribution (mean, 2,793 L). The area under the concentration–time curve increased linearly with dose. Using an Emax model, neutropenia was shown to be proportional to exposure. Conclusions: PD 0332991 warrants phase II testing at 125 mg once daily, at which dose neutropenia was the sole significant toxicity. Clin Cancer Res; 18(2); 568–76. ©2011 AACR.
Percutaneous endoscopic spinal surgery for lumbar disc prolapse in Erbil city of Iraq: A study on 60 patients

Background: As an alternative to back surgeries, endoscopic spinal operations is the most effective and safe procedure that does not impose the fear reaction to the patients. Objective: In this study the results, complications, and outcomes of 60 patients complaining from prolapsed lumbar inter-vertebral discs who experienced prolapsed endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) were reported. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in three sentinel hospitals over a period of 3 years (2013-2015) in Erbil city of Iraq. Clinical findings in addition to pre-operative MRI were the main diagnostic methods used for including patients who were suffering from lumbar disc herniation at different levels. Clinical appraisal was done utilizing the modified Macnab criteria. The Storz lens spinoscope was utilized to perform PELD. Results: Sixty patients (37 males and 23 females) with lumbar disc herniation were included in the study. The mean operative time was 50 minutes. Patients were discharged during 1st 24 hours post-operatively. After surgery, patients were followed up for two months to three years with a mean of 18 months. Seven (11.7%) patients developed complications including one (1.7%) instance of shallow nerve injury, three (5%) with dural tears, two (3.3%) instances of intermittent delayed disc prolapse and one patient (1.7%) had post-operative discitis. Modified Macnab criteria (excluding patients with long dural tear) showed excellence results for 36 patients, while good results were observed for 17 patients, reasonable results for 3 patients and poor results for 2 patients. The achievement rate was 91.4% . Conclusion: Although of lumbar disc prolapse, and although its final outcome is reasonable it is not devoid from complications.
A 71–76GHz low noise amplifier with integrated image reject filter and single balanced down converter mixer

An RF receiver front end for EBAND communication in the lower band 71–76GHz frequency range was designed and fabricated in IBM 0. 12μm SiGe technology. The LNA composed of four amplification stages, exhibits more than 15dB gain and a NF of less than 6dB in the entire frequency band. A steep two chain stop band filter is used to reject image noise with better than 18dB image rejection. The LNA is followed by a single balanced active down converting mixer used to convert the received signal to the 8.5GHz IF frequency. The measured mixer conversion gain is around 4.5dB with a NF of 14dB. The above performance enables a super-heterodyne realization of a complete EBAND receiver with excellent image rejection.
Measurement of brain glutamate and glutamine by spectrally‐selective refocusing at 3 tesla

A new single‐voxel proton NMR spectrally‐selective refocusing method for measuring glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) in the human brain in vivo at 3T is reported. Triple‐resonance selective 180° RF pulses with a bandwidth of 12 Hz were implemented within point‐resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) for selective detection of Glu or Gln, and simultaneous acquisition of creatine singlets for use as a reference in phase correction. The carriers of the spectrally‐selective 180° pulses and the echo times (TEs) were optimized with both numerical and experimental analyses of the filtering performance, which enabled measurements of the target metabolites with negligible contamination from N‐acetylaspartate and glutathione. The concentrations of Glu and Gln in the prefrontal cortex were estimated to be 9.7 ± 0.5 and 3.0 ± 0.7 mM (mean ± SD, N = 7), with reference to Cr at 8 mM. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anxiety-like behaviour and c-fos expression in rats that inhaled vetiver essential oil

Vetiver essential oil (VEO) has been used in aromatherapy for relaxation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of VEO on an anxiety-related behavioural model (the elevated plus-maze, EPM) and immediate-early gene c-fos in amygdala, known to be involved in anxiety. Male Wistar rats were administered diazepam (1 mg/kg i.p.) for 30 min or inhalated with VEO (1%, 2.5% or 5% w/w) for 7 min prior to exposure to the EPM. Then, the effects of 2.5% VEO, the anxiolytic dose, on c-fos expression in amygdala were investigated. The rats given either 2.5% VEO or diazepam exhibited an anxiolytic-like profile in the EPM. VEO and diazepam significantly increased c-fos expression in the lateral division of the central amygdaloid nucleus (CeL). Therefore, the anxiolytic properties of VEO might be associated with altering neuronal activation in CeL. However, future studies are needed to investigate the precise mechanism of action of VEO.
Isolation and characterization of the gene URA3 encoding the orotidine‐5′‐phosphate decarboxylase from Torulaspora delbrueckii

A DNA fragment containing the URA3 gene from Torulaspora delbrueckii was isolated by complementation cloning in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. DNA sequence analysis revealed the presence of an ORF of 795 bp, encoding a 264 amino acid protein, which shares a high similarity to the Saccharomycetaceae Ura3 proteins. Furthermore, the cloned ORF fully complemented the ura3 mutation of S. cerevisiae, confirming that it encodes for the TdUra3 protein. The GeneBank Accession No. for TdURA3 is AF518402. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Licensing and Business Models

License affects software companies’ business activities. While proprietary software vendors create custom licenses, open source companies have less flexibility. The Open Source Initiative (OSI) defines a list of 72 licenses as open source (“OSI approved”). For a project to follow open source licensing, it has to pick licenses from this set. Logically, we expect that an open source company defines its business model around the license that it selects. Thus, we can assume that business model decisions follow license choice. In our research we find that in some cases open source companies remove these license constraints for business reasons. We observed cases of open source companies moving from one OSI-approved license to another or companies innovating by adding additional terms. In all these cases, the decision of change is based on the license being a poor fit with their business goals. Not all open source companies are entitled to change the license because this option is available only to companies that own intellectual property. If they do not, they can try to reshape their business model, but that remains a suboptimal option. Whether cognizant of it or not, organizations are implicitly choosing a business model when they select a license. Therefore, it is very important to address licensing and business model decisions as one system instead of a disjointed two-step process. For this purpose we introduce (1) an evolutionary model where license selection and business model impact each other and (2) a taxonomy that addresses both licensing and business models. Our approach helps practitioners include revenue considerations in the licensing choice and researchers to more accurately study the antecedents and consequences of license choice.
What Drive the Damage to Post-Merger Operating Performance?

This study examines whether bidders’ post-merger operat-ing performance are affected by their CEO behavior, premiumspaid to the target firms, the period of mergers, the method ofpayment, the industry of merged firms, capital liquidity, andtheir pre-merger operating performance. Testing the U.S. suc-cessful merger and acquisition data for the period of 1990s, thisstudy finds that in-wave mergers, intra-industry mergers, thepayment of lower premiums, and better pre-merger operatingperformance drive the bidders to produce better post-mergeroperating performance. Three measures of CEO behavior—themain predictor scrutinezed in this study—are proposed andexamined, and the results demonstrate that the effects of thesemeasures on post-merger operating performance are mixed,suggesting that each of the behavioral measures designed in thisstudy may capture CEO behavior in different ways. Keywords: capital liquidity; CEO overconfidence; merger waves, method of pay-ment operating performance
Cell behaviors and dynamics during angiogenesis

Vascular networks are formed and maintained through a multitude of angiogenic processes, such as sprouting, anastomosis and pruning. Only recently has it become possible to study the behavior of the endothelial cells that contribute to these networks at a single-cell level in vivo. This Review summarizes what is known about endothelial cell behavior during developmental angiogenesis, focusing on the morphogenetic changes that these cells undergo. Summary: This Review discusses endothelial cell behavior during developmental angiogenesis, focusing on the morphogenetic changes that these cells undergo.
The dimensionality of fashion‐brand experience: Aligning consumer‐based brand equity approach

Purpose – This study aims to understand the multifaceted fashion‐brand experience. By identifying the constructs and conceptualizing the building process of fashion‐brand experience, this study also aims to demonstrate the cognitive, affective, and behavioral brand experience dimensions in accordance with the customer‐based brand equity hierarchy. In addition, by comparing two rivaling fashion brands, this study seeks to empirically depict the exclusivity of the Korean apparel market.Design/methodology/approach – Based on three studies conducted in South Korea, the fashion‐brand experience scale was validated. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling revealed that the scale consisted of brand awareness, brand performance, brand imagery, customer judgments, customer feelings, and customer‐brand resonance according to cognitive, affective and, behavioral brand experience dimensions. Additionally, the brand effect was controlled by comparing the composition of the two brands.Findings – F.
Electronic structure of Fe/semiconductor/Fe(001) tunnel junctions

The electronic ground-state properties of Fe/semiconductor/Fe(001) tunnel junctions are studied by means of the ab initio screened Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method. We focus on the magnetic properties, charge transfer, local, and ${\mathbf{q}}_{\ensuremath{\Vert}}$-resolved density of states of these systems. We consider in detail Fe/ZnSe/Fe(001) tunnel junctions and compare their electronic properties with junctions with Si and GaAs barriers. We discuss the results in connection to the spin-dependent transport properties expected for these systems.
Tax Reform and Corporate Investment: A Microeconometric Simulation Study

This paper develops a methodology for simulating the effects of alternative corporate tax reforms on the stock market valuation and investment plans of individual firms. The methods are applied to estimate the effects of alternative corporate tax reforms on the 30 Dow Jones companies. The estimates are all based on extensions of Tobin's "q Theory of Investment" to take account of the effects of tax policy. As well as providing the basis for the estimates of the effects of tax policy, the results here provide strong microeconometric support for the q theory of investment. The q theory approach provides a superior method for estimating the effects of investment incentives because it recognizes the effects of changes in the cost of capital on the desired level of output. The results suggest that some potential tax reforms could have potent effects, which vary widely among firms. For example, complete indexation of the tax system would raise the Dow Jones average by an estimated 7.6 percent. The variance among companies is substantial with the effect ranging from -13 percent for Sears to 20 percent for American Brands.
Grievance process in unionised companies: trade unions perspective

There were voluminous researches done to look upon the nature of grievance system practised in the workplace. But, little was seen to discuss qualitatively in terms of its processes and the characteristics of a grievance system itself. The objective of this paper is to delve into the grievance process particularly in term of its initial filing process and the characteristics of its effectiveness as perceived by 8 leaders who are the chairmen/presidents of trade unions in Johore. A qualitative study was employed with cross case analysis was undertaken in order to analyse the data. Many participants perceived that no formality is needed in the initial grievance filing. Some antecedents of an effective grievance system were confirmed except for a mediator/middleman who is seemed to be unnecessary during the grievance process.
Repression of the Antiapoptotic Molecule Galectin-3 by Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase 2-Activated p53 Is Required for p53-Induced Apoptosis

ABSTRACT Galectin 3 (Gal-3), a member of the β-galactoside binding lectin family, exhibits antiapoptotic functions, and its aberrant expression is involved in various aspects of tumor progression. Here we show that p53-induced apoptosis is associated with transcriptional repression of Gal-3. Previously, it has been reported that phosphorylation of p53 at Ser46 is important for transcription of proapoptotic genes and induction of apoptosis and that homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) is specifically involved in these functions. We show that HIPK2 cooperates with p53 in Gal-3 repression and that this cooperation requires HIPK2 kinase activity. Gene-specific RNA interference demonstrates that HIPK2 is essential for repression of Gal-3 upon induction of p53-dependent apoptosis. Furthermore, expression of a nonrepressible Gal-3 prevents HIPK2- and p53-induced apoptosis. These results reveal a new apoptotic pathway induced by HIPK2-activated p53 and requiring repression of the antiapoptotic factor Gal-3.
SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION AND HPLC DETERMINATION OF PHLORIDZIN IN NATURAL PRODUCTS

MARCHEV, A. , I. IVANOV, R. VRANCHEVA and A. PAVLOV, 2013. Solid phase extraction and HPLC determination of phloridzin in natural products. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., Supplement 2, 19: 201–203 A reliable technique for routine analysis of phloridzin from natural products (apples and plums) combining solid phase extraction with Amberlite XAD4 and subsequent HPLC analysis was developed. The proposed methodology is less complex than other methods for fl avonoid analysis from natural samples. The samples were extracted with acidifi ed water (pH2) and then adsorption on resin XAD4 was carried out. The highest recovery value of 90% was achieved when methanol was applied as eluent. With the developed HPLC method the analysis were performed for 20 min using Waters HPLC system with UV detection at 285 nm and Supelco Discovery HS C18 column (5 μm, 25 cm × 4.6 mm) operated at 26°C. The mobile phase consisted of solvent A: 2% acetic acid and solvent B: acetonitrile under gradient fl ow rate. Under these operating conditions the method was precise, linear relationship was established in the range of 10-100 μg/mL, and the coeffi cient of correlation (r2) was > 0.99. This technique was applied for the analysis of phloridzin in different samples of Malus “Golden delicious” and Prunus “Troyan blue”. The content of phloridzin in the different samples ranged between 14.0 and 24.0 μg/g of fruits.
A Galois correspondence for countable short recursively saturated models of PA

In this paper we investigate the properties of automorphism groups of countable short recursively saturated models of arithmetic. In particular, we show that Kaye's Theorem concerning the closed normal subgroups of automorphism groups of countable recursively saturated models of arithmetic applies to automorphism groups of countable short recursively saturated models as well. That is, the closed normal subgroups of the automorphism group of a countable short recursively saturated model of PA are exactly the stabilizers of the invariant cuts of the model which are closed under exponentiation. This Galois correspondence is used to show that there are countable short recursively saturated models of arithmetic whose automorphism groups are not isomorphic as topological groups. Moreover, we show that the automorphism groups of countable short arithmetically saturated models of PA are not topologically isomorphic to the automorphism groups of countable short recursively saturated models of PA which are not short arithmetically saturated (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STRUKTUR MODAL PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG GO PUBLIC DI BEI

One of important decisions faced by financial managers in relation with the existence of the company operation is the funding or capital structure decision. It is a decision related to the debt composition, preference share and common share that have to be used by the company. Managers have to be able to collect the fund both from the company and out of the company efficiently. It means that the funding decision is a decision that is able to minimize capital expenses that has to be carried by the company. The goal of this study is to analyze the influence of business risk, current liabilities, profitability and the size of the company toward the capital structure. The sample of the study is taken using purposive sampling in order to gain representative sample that fulfills the criteria. The criteria of the sample choice are: companies that have submitted their financial statements per December 31, 2004-2006, companies that get positive profit during the observation period. To test the proposed hypothesis in this study, the data is analyzed using multiple regressions. The result of the regression shows that business risk variable does not affect the capital structure. While the current liabilities, profitability, and the size of the company variables influence the capital structure in manufacturing company registered in the Jakarta Stock Exchange. Key Words: business risk, current liabilities structure, profitability, size of the company, and capital structure.