Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Religiosity as Social Value Hypothesis: A Multi-Method Replication and Extension Across 65 Countries and Three Levels of Spatial Aggregation

Are religious people psychologically better or worse adjusted than their nonreligious counterparts? Hundreds of studies have reported a positive relation between religiosity and psychological adjustment. Recently, however, a comparatively small number of cross-cultural studies has questioned this staple of religiosity research. The latter studiesclude tables with Pearson correlations between all Stu find that religious adjustment benefits are restricted to religious cultures. Gebauer, Sedikides, and Neberich (2012) suggested the religiosity as social value hypothesis (RASV) as one explanation for those cross-cultural differences. RASV states that, in religious cultures, religiosity possesses much social value, and, as such, religious people will feel particularly good about themselves. In secular cultures, however, religiosity possesses limited social value, and, as such, religious people will feel less good about themselves, if at all. Yet, previous evidence has been inconclusive regarding RASV and regarding cross-cultural differences in religious adjustment benefits more generally. To clarify matters, we conducted 3 replication studies. We examined the relation between religiosity and self-esteem (the most direct and appropriate adjustment indicator, according to RASV) in a self-report study across 65 countries (N = 2,195,301), an informant-report study across 36 countries (N = 560,264), and another self-report study across 1,932 urban areas from 243 federal states in 18 countries (N = 1,188,536). Moreover, we scrutinized our results against 7, previously untested, alternative explanations. Our results fully and firmly replicated and extended prior evidence for cross-cultural differences in religious adjustment benefits. These cross-cultural differences were best explained by RASV.
A multivariate twin study of obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions.

CONTEXT Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is clinically heterogeneous, but it is unclear whether this phenotypic heterogeneity reflects distinct, or partially distinct, etiologic mechanisms. OBJECTIVE To clarify the structure of the genetic and environmental risk factors for the major symptom dimensions of OCD. DESIGN Self-report questionnaires and multivariate twin model fitting. SETTING General community. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4355 female members of the TwinsUK adult twin register. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Scores on the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised and 5 of its subscales (checking, hoarding, obsessing, ordering, and washing). RESULTS A common pathway model did not fit the data well, indicating that no single latent factor can explain the heterogeneity of OCD. The best-fit multivariate twin model was an independent pathway model, whereby both common and unique genetic and/or environmental factors contribute to the etiology of each symptom dimension. The hoarding dimension had the lowest loading on the common factor and was more influenced by specific genetic effects (54.5% specific). With the exception of hoarding, most of the genetic variance was due to shared genetic factors (ranging from 62.5% to 100%), whereas most of the nonshared environmental variance was due to dimension-specific factors. CONCLUSIONS Obsessive-compulsive disorder is unlikely to be an etiologically homogeneous condition. There is substantial etiologic overlap across the different OC symptom dimensions, but dimension-specific genetic, and particularly nonshared environmental, factors are at least as important. Hoarding shares the least amount of genetic liability with the remaining symptom dimensions. The results have implications for the current deliberations regarding OCD and the inclusion of a putative hoarding disorder in DSM-5.
Relationship Between Severity of RA and Dry Eye Syndrome

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease with extraarticular involvement. Eyes in particular are one of the most common sites of involvement in rheumatoid arthritis. On the other hand, dry eye syndrome is the most common conflict in terms of management. Particular studies suggested dry eye has been associated with greater rheumatoid arthritis severity, but its association with disease severity is not known. Objectives: To investigate relationship between the severity of active RA and dry eye. Patients and Methods: In this crosssectional study, 60 patients with RA were enrolled. Severity of RA was calculated using the formula of DAS28-ESR. Simultaneously, in addition to clinical findings of rheumatoid arthritis, appropriated eye examinations were performed. Relationships between the severities of RA with a positive rate of dry eye syndrome were assessed. Results: The mean severity of RA that had definite dry eye syndrome according to DAS28-ESR was 4.53 mm. However in the group without dry eye syndrome the calculation was 3.93. Totally, there was no significant correlation between the severity of RA and dry eye syndrome (P = 0.39). Conclusions: Our investigation showed that dry eye syndrome is not associated with severity of rheumatoid arthritis.
Orbital Decompression for Thyroid Eye Disease

Abstract Although most cases of thyroid eye disease (TED) can be managed medically, some refractory or severe cases are treated surgically with orbital decompression. Due to a lack of randomized controlled trials comparing surgical techniques for orbital decompression, none have been deemed superior. Thus, each case of TED is managed based on patient characteristics and surgeon experience. Surgical considerations include the extent of bony wall removal, the surgical approach, the choice of incision, and the use of fat decompression. Outcomes vary based on surgical indications and techniques; hence, vision can improve or worsen after the surgery.
Assesment of research-oriented Knowledge, Attitude & Practice of medical students and interns about research with implementation of educational intervention program, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah

Objectives: To determine knowledge, attitude and practice of medical students and interns towards research, to identify factors affecting research knowledge and to improve research knowledge among a group of new graduates through a research methodology educational intervention course. Methodology: Both cross- sectional study and intervention educational program were conducted in King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah in 2012. A total of 260 medical students and interns were selected using multistage stratified random sample. A pre-constructed, confidential, validated, self-administered questionnaire inquiring about research knowledge, attitudes and practice was used. A Pre-test and Post-Test were implemented among 33 new graduates. Results: The cross-sectional study revealed that knowledge about research was generally low. Study participants who received research training and conducted researches had significantly higher knowledge score compared to others (p
Serum IL‐33 levels are increased in patients with psoriasis

Interleukin (IL)‐33 is a recently identified cytokine, which is a member of the IL‐1 family and binds to a heterodimeric receptor comprising ST2 (suppression of tumorigenicity 2) and IL‐1 receptor accessory protein. Serum levels of IL‐33 have been reported to be upregulated in various T helper (Th)1/Th17‐mediated diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. IL‐33 expression is increased in lesional skin in patients with psoriasis, but serum levels in patients with psoriasis have not yet been studied.
Overview of Hydatid Disease in Iranian Children

Background: Hydatid disease (HD) is still an important health hazard in the world. This disease is a parasitic infestation endemic in many sheep- and cattle-raising areas such as Iran. Objectives: This study aimed to review the clinical manifestations, laboratory aspects, imaging findings, and management of HD. Patients and Methods: Data were collected from the medical records of patients diagnosed with HD in eight referral hospitals in different provinces of Iran from 2001 to 2014. Results: Overall, 161 children at a mean age of 9.25 ± 3.37 years (age range = 1 - 15 years old) hospitalized with a definite diagnosis of the hydatid cyst between 2001 and 2014 were studied. The male-to-female ratio was 1.6:1. The most commonly involved organ was the lung (67.1%), followed by the liver (44.1%) and a combined liver and lung involvement was found in 15.5% of the patients. The cysts were found more frequently in the right lobe of the liver and lung than in the left lobe. The most frequent complaints were fever (35.4%) and abdominal pain (31.7%), and the most frequent sign was an abdominal mass in the liver involvement and cough in the lung involvement. There was a high eosinophil count (> 500/micL) in 41% of our cases. A high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (> 30) or positive C-reactive protein (based on the qualitative method) was found in 18.6% of the patients and leukocytosis > 15000/micL in 29.2% of the children. Ultrasonography was the main imaging test, with an accuracy rate of 96%, and chest X-ray was helpful in 88.6% of the cases. Surgery was performed in 89% of the patients, and selective patients underwent percutaneous aspiration-injection-reaspiration drainage or medical treatment. Conclusions: The lung was the most commonly involved organ in the children recruited in the present study. Given the high probability of multiple organ involvement, we recommend that patients with HD be assessed via ultrasonography and chest X-ray. In endemic regions, unexplained eosinophilia should be considered as a parasitic disease like HD and its complications.
Facial Nerve Schwannomas Mimicking as Vestibular Schwannomas

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to identify preoperative and intraoperative findings that may aid in distinguishing facial nerve schwannomas (FNS) from vestibular schwannomas (VSs), particularly in cases limited to the internal auditory canal (IAC) and cerebellopontine angle (CPA). Study Design This was a retrospective study. Setting This study was set at a Tertiary Referral Center. Patients Seventeen cases from October 2002 to July 2015 with an IAC/CPA mass presumed to be a VS who were found to have a FNS intraoperatively. Main Outcome Measures The main outcome measures included preoperative presentation, intraoperative findings, and subsequent intervention. Results Preoperative hearing loss and imbalance were seen in 70.5 and 64.7%, respectively. Suspicious intraoperative findings included: facial nerve incorporated intimately with the tumor capsule in 12 cases; spontaneous action potentials noted while drilling the bony IAC in 3 cases; and action potentials noted on stimulation of the entire tumor capsule in 10 cases. The mean long-term facial function was House–Brackmann grade II and the mean length of follow-up was 4.86 years. Conclusion FNSs are rare and may be difficult to distinguish from VS preoperatively. Surgical findings that should raise concern include spontaneous action potentials during drilling the bony IAC, absence of a plane of dissection between the facial nerve and tumor, or stimulation of the tumor capsule.
Resilience in family caregivers of persons with acquired brain injury.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE The authors' purpose was to develop the Questionnaire of Resilience in Caregivers of Acquired Brain Injury (QRC-ABI) and explore its psychometric properties The QRC-ABI was developed to measure the process of resilience, including resilient factors that, according to the literature, are the most relevant for caregivers. RESEARCH METHOD/DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study of Spanish primary caregivers of individuals with ABI. It included 237 caregivers (77.6% women and 21.1% men) who completed the QRC-ABI, the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (Weiss & Berger, 2006), the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (Skevington, Lotfy, O'Connell, & the WHOQOL Group, 2004) assessment, and the Positive Aspects of Caregiving (Tarlow et al., 2004) assessment. RESULTS An item pool of 36 items was developed, from which 17 were finally selected based on a consensus among researchers and adequate symmetry indexes and kurtoses. Confirmatory factor analysis of the QRC-ABI confirmed a hierarchical solution in which 4 resilience dimensions were explained by a broader general resilience factor. The internal consistency of each scale was >. 80. Convergent validity was supported through positive correlations of the QRC-ABI with quality of life, positive aspects of caregiving, and posttraumatic growth, and a negative correlation with perceived burden. CONCLUSION/IMPLICATIONS The new QRC-ABI showed good reliability and validity. Our results are consistent with previous studies that have argued that resilient qualities are important for a healthy and positive adaptation to the challenging adversities faced by caregivers of individuals with ABI. Future interventions based on resilience should promote these factors in caregivers.
Coronary heart disease in the Netherlands : incidence, etiology and risk prediction

Diseases of the coronaries, such as a heart infarct, cause a high disease burden in the Netherlands. This dissertation describes how often these diseases occur and how they are connected to various risk factors. Also, a risk score was developed that can predict the risk that a person will have a heart disease with fatal or not-fatal effect within the next ten years. This risk is calculated on the basis of his or her risk factors. Based on such a score can be decided to give lifestyle advice or start a treatment in order to lower the risk of a heart disease for this person.
Biometric Layering with Fingerprints: Template Security and Privacy Through Multi-Biometric Template Fusion

As biometric applications are gaining popularity, there is increased concern over the loss of privacy and potential misuse of biometric data held in central repositories. We present a biometric authentication framework that constructs a multi-biometric template by layering multiple biometrics of a user, such that it is difficult to separate the individual layers. Thus, the framework uses the biometrics of the user to conceal them among one another. The resulting biometric template is also cancelable if the system is implemented with cancelable biometrics, such as voice. We present a realization of this idea combining two or three different fingerprints of the user, using four different methods of template construction. Three of the methods use less and less information of the constituent biometrics, so as to lower the risk of leakage and cross-link rates. Results are evaluated on publicly available Finger Verification Championship (FVC) 2000, 2002 and NIST fingerprint databases. With the FVC databases, we obtain 2.1%, 3.9% and 3.4% Equal Error Rate on average using the three proposed methods, while the state-of-the-art commercial system achieves 1.9%. Furthermore, we show low cross-link rates under 63% under different scenarios, while genuine identification rates are 100%, with such a small gallery of 55 templates.
Smoking cessation interventions for hospitalized smokers: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND A hospital admission provides an opportunity to help people stop smoking. Providing smoking cessation advice, counseling, or medication is now a quality-of-care measure for US hospitals. We assessed the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions initiated during a hospital stay. METHODS We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Review Group's register for randomized and quasirandomized controlled trials of smoking cessation interventions (behavioral counseling and/or pharmacotherapy) that began during hospitalization and had a minimum of 6 months of follow-up. Two authors independently extracted data from each article, with disagreements resolved by consensus. RESULTS Thirty-three trials met inclusion criteria. Smoking counseling that began during hospitalization and included supportive contacts for more than 1 month after discharge increased smoking cessation rates at 6 to 12 months (pooled odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44-1.90). No benefit was found for interventions with less postdischarge contact. Counseling was effective when offered to all hospitalized smokers and to the subset admitted for cardiovascular disease. Adding nicotine replacement therapy to counseling produced a trend toward efficacy over counseling alone (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.92-2.35). One study added bupropion hydrochloride to counseling, which had a nonsignificant result (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 0.79-3.06). CONCLUSIONS Offering smoking cessation counseling to all hospitalized smokers is effective as long as supportive contacts continue for more than 1 month after discharge. Adding nicotine replacement therapy to counseling may further increase smoking cessation rates and should be offered when clinically indicated, especially to hospitalized smokers with nicotine withdrawal symptoms.
Caregiving, mortality, and mobility decline: the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study.

BACKGROUND Although caregivers report more stress than noncaregivers, few studies have found greater health decline in older caregivers. We hypothesized that caregivers may be more physically active than noncaregivers, which may protect them from health decline. METHODS The sample included 3075 healthy adults from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study. They were aged 70 to 79 years in April 1997 to June 1998 and resided in Memphis, Tennessee, or Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Caregivers (680 [22.1%]) were participants who provided regular care or assistance for a child or a disabled or sick adult. Outcomes included all-cause mortality and incident mobility limitation (defined as difficulty walking one-quarter mile or climbing 10 steps on 2 consecutive semiannual contacts) during 8 years. Total physical activity included daily routine, exercise, and caregiving activity. RESULTS Overall, 20.6% of caregivers died and 50.9% developed mobility limitations vs 22.0% and 48.9% of noncaregivers, respectively. Associations differed by race and sex. Mortality and mobility limitation rates were 1.5 times higher in white caregivers (eg, among white female caregivers, adjusted hazard ratio for mortality, 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-2.5) but not for black female caregivers vs noncaregivers (adjusted hazard ratio for mortality, 0.9; 95% confidence interval, 0.5-1.4). Physical activity mediated these associations in most race-sex groups. High-intensity caregivers (ie, caregiving > or =24 hours per week) had elevated rates of decline when adjusted for physical activity but lower rates when not adjusted for activity. CONCLUSION Older white caregivers have poorer health outcomes than black female caregivers. Physical activity appears to mask the adverse effects of high-intensity caregiving in most race-sex groups.
Software-Defined Wireless Mesh Networking: Current Status and Challenges

The combination of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) is challenging due to the different natures of both concepts. SDN describes networks with homogeneous, static and centralized controlled topologies. In contrast, a WMN is characterized by a dynamic and distributed network control, and adds new challenges with respect to time-critical operation. However, SDN and WMN are both associated with decreasing the operational costs for communication networks which is especially beneficial for internet provisioning in rural areas. This work surveys the current status for Software-Defined Wireless Mesh Networking. Besides a general overview in the domain of wireless SDN, this work focuses especially on different identified aspects: representing and controlling wireless interfaces, control-plane connection and topology discovery, modulation and coding, routing and load-balancing and client handling. A complete overview of surveyed solutions, open issues and new research directions is provided with regard to each aspect.
Effect of a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts on metabolic syndrome status: one-year results of the PREDIMED randomized trial.

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies suggest that the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) may reduce the risk of developing the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We compared the 1-year effect of 2 behavioral interventions to implement the MedDiet vs advice on a low-fat diet on MetS status. METHODS A total of 1224 participants were recruited from the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) Study, a multicenter, 3-arm, randomized clinical trial to determine the efficacy of the MedDiet on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Participants were older subjects at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Interventions were quarterly education about the MedDiet plus provision of either 1 L/wk of virgin olive oil (MedDiet + VOO) or 30 g/d of mixed nuts (MedDiet + nuts), and advice on a low-fat diet (control diet). All diets were ad libitum, and there was no increase in physical activity for any of the interventions. Lifestyle variables and MetS features as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria were assessed. RESULTS At baseline, 61.4% of participants met criteria for the MetS. One-year prevalence was reduced by 6.7%, 13.7%, and 2.0% in the MedDiet + VOO, MedDiet + nuts, and control diet groups, respectively (MedDiet + nuts vs control groups, P = .01; MedDiet + VOO vs control group, P = .18). Incident rates of the MetS were not significantly different among groups (22.9%, 17.9%, and 23.4%, respectively). After adjustment for sex, age, baseline obesity status, and weight changes, the odds ratios for reversion of MetS were 1.3 (95% confidence interval, 0.8-2.1) for the MedDiet + VOO group and 1.7 (1.1-2.6) for the MedDiet + nuts group compared with the control diet group. CONCLUSION A traditional MedDiet enriched with nuts could be a useful tool in the management of the MetS.
COMPARING THE MARITAL SATISFACTION IN INFERTILE AND FERTILE WOMEN REFERRED TO THE PUBLIC CLINICS IN MASHHAD IN 2006-07

Introduction: Marital satisfaction affects mental health, life satisfaction, professional achievements, and social interactions. It is also one of the most important features of life satisfaction. Various factors affect marital satisfaction; one of the most important ones is the fertility situation. Some researchers believe that infertility can cause emotional distress; hence leading to sexual dissatisfaction. In contrast some studies reported that performing various tests for infertility by the couples enhanced the intimacy and relationship between them and might consequently lead to increased martial satisfaction. There have been few studies on the relation between infertility and marital satisfaction in Iran. Therefore we aimed to compare the marital satisfaction between a group of fertile and infertile women in Iran. Methods and Material: In this cross–sectional study, 200 women aged 22-45 years who referred to the public health centers in Mashhad and fulfilled the eligibility criteria were enrolled. Included women were literate Iranian women living in Mashhad. One hundred women with at least one healthy child were assigned in fertile group and the other 100 women who fulfilled the infertility criteria were assigned in the infertile group. The women in both groups were asked to complete validated and self administered questionnaires including marital satisfaction questionnaire, general health questionnaire (GHQ28), and another questionnaire about the demography, obstetrics history, and treatment history. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5and Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and ANOVA tests. Results: Infertile women had significantly higher score for marital satisfaction than the fertile women (79.17±12.49vs 74.6±13.53, P=0.014). Conclusion: Infertility does not decrease the marital satisfaction in infertile women.