Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevention of Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in Patients With Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Objectives:Although patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are at risk for deep venous thrombosis (DVT), the data about preventive options for DVT prophylaxis in this population is insufficient. We investigated the safety of low dose low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for DVT prophylaxis in patients with ICH and the effect of heparin on the enlargement of hemorrhage. Methods:We prospectively randomized 75 primary ICH patients to subcutaneous LMWH (Enoxaparin sodium 40mg/d) or long compression stockings (CS) after the first 48 hours. All patients had cranial computed tomography (CT) scan at admittance, 24th and 72nd hours, seventh and 21st days, CT pulmonary angiography and bilateral lower extremity venous Doppler at 7th day. Hematoma volumes were calculated on the initial and follow-up CTs with ABC/2 method. Results:Mean ± SD age of the patients was 68.1 ± 11.98 and 66.08 ± 9.55 in LMWH and CS groups, respectively. Twenty-two of LMVH group and 8 of CS group were female. After randomization to LMWH or CS, we did not observe any hematoma enlargement at 72nd hours, 7 and 21st days in both groups. In addition, there was not any other systemic bleeding complication in LMWH group. We detected 4 asymptomatic DVT in our patients (3 in LMWH and 1 in CS group). Although asymptomatic DVT was more common in LMWH group, it was not statistically significant (P = 1). Conclusions:Low dose heparin treatment after 48 hours of stroke in ICH patients is not associated with an increased hematoma growth and should be used for DVT and PE prophylaxis.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Detection of parvovirus B19 in donated blood

A highly sensitive and rapid method for routinely screening large numbers of donated blood units for parvovirus B19 by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed. Over a 3-month trial period in Edinburgh, B19 DNA was detected in 6 of20,000 consecutive units of blood (0.03%), in concentrations ranging from 2.4 x 104 to 5 x 1010 copies ofviral DNA per ml. Seroconversion for B19-specific immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G and disappearance of circulating B19 DNA occurred in the interval between donation and recall in four of the five implicated donors who could be recalled. B19 DNA was detected in 18 of 27 separate batches of non-heat-treated factor VIII and IX concentrate manufactured from donated plasma unscreened for B19 DNA. Dry-heat treatment at 80°C for 72 h reduced but did not always eliminate detectable B19 from factor VIII concentrates, consistent with recent observations that current methods for virus inactivation during blood product manufacture are insufficient to entirely eliminate B19 infectivity. The methods developed in this study for PCR screening could be applied routinely to prevent transfusion of B19 in blood and blood products and could play an important role in the prevention of iatrogenic transmission of infection. PCR screening could also be used for detection and exclusion of a range of other
Three novel species of d-xylose-assimilating yeasts, Barnettozyma xylosiphila sp. nov., Barnettozyma xylosica sp. nov. and Wickerhamomyces xylosivorus f.a., sp. nov.

This study describes three novel xylose-assimilating yeasts, which were isolated from decayed wood collected from Bung Hatta Botanical Garden in West Sumatra and Cibodas Botanic Garden in West Java, or from litter from Eka Karya Bali Botanic Garden in Bali, Indonesia. Phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the sequences of the D1/D2 domains of the large ribosomal subunit (LSU), the small ribosomal subunit (SSU), the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and elongation factor-1α (EF-1α), and the three strains were found to represent three novel species belonging to genera Barnettozyma or Wickerhamomyces. The morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics indicated that the strains were distinct from other closely related species. Strains 13Y206T and 14Y196T belonging to the Barnettozyma clade are described as the type strains of Barnettozyma xylosiphila sp. nov. (type strain 13Y206T=NBRC 110202T=InaCC Y726T; MycoBank MB808598) and Barnettozyma xylosica sp. nov. (type strain 14Y196T=NBRC 111558T=InaCC Y1030T; MycoBank MB819485). Strain 14Y125T belonging to the Wickerhamomyces clade is described as the type strain of Wickerhamomyces xylosivorus f.a. , sp. nov. (type strain 14Y125T=NBRC 111553T=InaCC Y1026T; MycoBank MB819484).
Time-Varying Price Discovery and Autoregressive Loading Factors: Evidence from S&P 500 Cash and E-Mini Futures Markets

The error correction coefficients, known as the loading factors, are a key component for price discovery measurement. To date, only constant loading factors have been considered for the price discovery measurement. This paper attempts to consider the autoregressive loading factors and their implications for the price discovery measurement. Based on the minute-by-minute data from the S&P 500 cash and E-mini futures markets, this paper reveals that the loading factors are indeed autoregressive. Furthermore, we propose three AR(1) processes for the loading factors and assess their performance in price discovery measurement compared to the constant loading factor model. Overall, this research provides supporting empirical evidence for using autoregressive loading factors for the price discovery measurement.
Anti-seizure medications and estradiol for neuroprotection in epilepsy: the 2013 update.

Current epilepsy therapy is still symptomatic using anti-seizure, rather than anti-epileptic, medications. This therapy may control the seizure activity but does not prevent or even cure epilepsy. Treatment strategies that could interfere with the process leading to epilepsy (epileptogenesis) would have significant benefits over the current approaches. Neuronal damage contributing to remodeling of the neuronal networks (such as in the hippocampus during temporal lobe epilepsy) is one of the significant components of ongoing epileptogenesis. Thus, treatment strategies alleviating seizure-induced neuronal damage and network reorganization may become powerful tools fighting the deteriorating process of epileptogenesis. Current anti-seizure medications, especially valproic acid, have some neuroprotective potential. Similarly, there is some hope of neuroprotection with newer anti-seizure drugs such as retigabine and levetiracetam. However, the neuroprotective potential of anti-seizure medications is frequently weak or masked by negative side effects associated with long-term treatment, therefore exceeding the benefits. Thus, the attention is shifted to different compounds with already established neuroprotective potential. Among steroid hormones under investigation, two groups appear interesting: β-estradiol and selective estrogen receptor modulators - SERM. In low doses, β-estradiol has neuroprotective potency in neurodegenerative diseases. However, its use for seizure-induced neuroprotection is confounded by a common perception of proconvulsant features of estrogens. Here we review that both features, effects on neuronal excitability and neuroprotection, apply under specific conditions and may be separated by individualized therapy taking into account the dosage paradigm, timing, sex and age of the subjects and their gonadal hormone status (including progesterone: opposed vs. unopposed estrogen). Several studies have demonstrated that β-estradiol has indeed potency to protect neurons from seizure-induced damage. Additional studies are required to determine exact mechanisms of β-estradiol and SERMs in seizure-induced neuroprotection for truly individualized and effective therapy. The article presents some promising patents on anti-seizure medications.
Blood management in pediatric spinal deformity surgery: review of a 2‐year experience

BACKGROUND: Pediatric scoliosis surgery is associated with considerable blood loss and allogenic transfusions. Transfusions contribute to morbidities and cost. A perioperative pediatric blood management program was implemented at our institution. Patients received preoperative evaluation, cell salvage, topical hemostasis, antifibrinolytics, and hypotensive anesthesia.
Long term G‐CSF‐induced remission of ulcerative colitis‐like inflammatory bowel disease in a patient with glycogen storage disease Ib and evaluation of associated neutrophil function

We present a 23‐year‐old female with Glycogen storage disease Ib (GSD Ib) who was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis‐like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) at 7 years of age. G‐CSF therapy reversed the IBD, was required to maintain IBD remission and was well tolerated. Neutrophil functions at time of diagnosis showed impaired chemotaxis but normal superoxide anion production and bactericidal activity. Ulcerative colitis‐like IBD may also be seen in GSD Ib and is responsive to G‐CSF therapy. Neutrophil dysfunction is variable among patients with GSD Ib. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:1410–1413. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bologna Process and Basic Nursing Education in 21 European Countries.

BACKGROUND The Bologna Process and the Directives of the European Union have had a profound impact on nursing education in Europe. The aim of this study was to identify the similarities and differences within nursing education framework at entry level in 2014 in European countries. METHODS A questionnaire was devised by the researchers and distributed via e-mail to the nursing associations/nursing regulatory bodies of 30 European countries. Data were collected from January to May 2014. RESULTS Responses were received from 21 European Countries. Results indicated that while a completion of 12 years of general education was a requirement to access nursing education in almost all respondent countries, other admission requirements differed between countries. Nursing courses were offered mostly by Faculties of Nursing and Faculties of Health Sciences (in higher education Institutions) and lecturers and management staff were mainly nurses. The results indicated significant different educational requirements for nurse educators. A foreign language was mandatory in half of the respondent countries. Nursing profession was represented at government level in just over half of the respondent countries, often with a Directorate position. CONCLUSIONS The Bologna Process has helped harmonise initial nursing education in Europe but clear standards for nursing education need to be set up. Therefore, the research about the influence of the Bologna process on the development of the nursing profession should be further encouraged.
The Longitudinal Effects of Expressive Writing on Victims of Relational Transgressions

ABSTRACT This study investigated the longitudinal effects of written disclosure on physiological and communicative health outcomes for victims of severe relational transgressions in dating relationships. Participants were assigned to a two-step writing condition, a benefit-finding condition, or a control condition to write once a day for three consecutive days on the same topic. Testosterone and forgiveness communication were assessed twice over the course of one-month. The results demonstrate that conditional forgiveness levels were higher for participants in both experimental conditions than in the control condition, whereas neither of the experimental conditions reduced testosterone levels. Across the writing conditions, testosterone levels were negatively associated with conditional forgiveness and positively associated with direct forgiveness. Finally, the results revealed that linguistic features in the writing predicted levels of testosterone and conditional forgiveness.
Comparison of the neural basis for imagined writing and drawing

Drawing and writing are complex processes that require the synchronization of cognition, language, and perceptual‐motor skills. Drawing and writing have both been utilized in the treatment of aphasia to improve communication. Recent research suggests that the act of drawing an object facilitated naming, whereas writing the word diminished accurate naming in individuals with aphasia. However, the relationship between object drawing and subsequent phonological output is unclear. Although the right hemisphere is characteristically mute, there is evidence from split‐brain research that the right hemisphere can integrate pictures and words, likely via a semantic network. We hypothesized that drawing activates right hemispheric and left perilesional regions that are spared in aphasic individuals and may contribute to semantic activation that supports naming. Eleven right‐handed subjects participated in a functional MRI (fMRI) experiment involving imagined drawing and writing and 6 of the 11 subjects participated in a second fMRI experiment involving actual writing and drawing. Drawing and writing produced very similar group activation maps including activation bilaterally in the premotor, inferior frontal, posterior inferior temporal, and parietal areas. The comparison of drawing vs. writing revealed significant differences between the conditions in areas of the brain known for language processing. The direct comparison between drawing and writing revealed greater right hemisphere activation for drawing in language areas such as Brodmann area (BA) 46 and BA 37. Hum. Brain Mapp, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Burning Mouth Syndrome after Taking Clonazepam

OBJECTIVE: To report the first published case of clonazepam-induced burning mouth syndrome (BMS). CASE SUMMARY: A 52-year-old white woman presented to the clinic with burning mouth symptoms. The patient was previously maintained on alprazolam therapy for anxiety, but was switched to clonazepam because of increased anxiety and panic. Clonazepam significantly relieved her symptoms, but after four weeks of therapy, she reported a constant, mild, oral burning sensation. An oral examination was negative for mucosal abnormalities, and laboratory tests were unremarkable. The clonazepam dose was reduced, and the symptoms decreased, but remained intolerable. Clonazepam was discontinued, and the burning mouth symptoms completely resolved. Since no other medications relieved the anxiety and panic symptoms, the patient requested clonazepam to be reinitiated, but she again developed intolerable burning mouth symptoms. As clonazepam was discontinued, the symptoms resolved. DISCUSSION: The clinical presentation of BMS includes burning and painful sensations of the mouth in the absence of mucosal abnormalities. Candidiasis, anemia, menopause, diabetes mellitus, medications, anxiety, and depression are some causes of this syndrome. Paradoxically, clonazepam has been studied for the treatment of BMS and has demonstrated mild to moderate improvement. In this patient, underlying causes of BMS were eliminated when possible. The association between clonazepam and BMS was highly probable according to the Naranjo probability scale. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first published report describing BMS with a benzodiazepine. Although uncommon, clinicians should be aware of this potential adverse effect due to the widespread use of benzodiazepines.
Pyruvate utilization by mouse oocytes is influenced by meiotic status and the cumulus oophorus

In this study, the effects of meiotic status on the energy substrate dynamics of mouse oocyte‐cumulus cell complexes (OCCs) and denuded oocytes (DOs) have been examined. In the first series of experiments, OCCs from PMSG‐primed, immature mice were cultured in minimum essential medium in 8‐μl microdrops under a variety of conditions, and the medium and oocytes were sampled for pyruvate and glucose concentration and for meiotic status. Oocytes in control medium underwent germinal vesicle breakdown within 3 hr and the OCCs displayed a time‐dependent increase in pyruvate consumption, but the glucose concentration changed very little. Treatment with IBMX or dbcAMP, which maintained complete meiotic arrest, suppressed pyruvate consumption, but slightly more glucose was consumed than in controls. Hypoxanthine (HX) allowed up to 10% of the oocytes to resume maturation, and pyruvate and glucose consumption resembled that of control OCCs. FSH added to HX‐containing medium stimulated significant glucose consumption and pyruvate production. In general, a reciprocal relationship was observed between glucose and pyruvate consumption. When the energy substrate dynamics were compared with meiotic status of the oocytes, pyruvate consumption was associated with the maturation process. Although HX maintained oocytes in the germinal vesicle stage, the meiotic arrest was “leaky,” allowing increased pyruvate consumption. Additional experiments showed that DOs at either the prophase I or metaphase II stages consumed less pyruvate than oocytes actively engaged in meiotic maturation. DOs oxidized significantly more pyruvate than OCCs, and glycolytic metabolism of glucose lowered the oxidation rate in OCCs. Furthermore, while 5–6.2 times more pyruvate was consumed by OCCs than by DOs in the absence of glucose, oxidation did not mediate the meiosis‐inducing effect of pyruvate, since less of this substrate was oxidized by OCCs than by DOs. We conclude that meiotically active oocytes have a greater requirement for pyruvate than prophase I‐ or metaphase II‐arrested oocytes and that meiotic status can influence the metabolism not only of oocytes, but also of the OCCs. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62: 113‐123, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Examining the Factors Affecting Personal Income: An Empirical Study Based on Survey Data in Chinese Cities

This paper empirically analyzes the factors affecting personal income in urban China using survey data of the i°Preference and Life Satisfaction Surveyi± conducted by the Global COE project of Osaka University from 2009 to 2013. We consider education level as an endogenous variable, and both ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and instrumental variable (IV) regression are performed. We find a number of factors, such as sex, age, education, and marriage that significantly affect personal income. In addition, differences between different occupations are also investigated.
A Comparative Study of Virulence Factors of Escherichia coli Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections with that of Intestinal Escherichia coli Isolated from Apparently Healthy Adults

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most important members of the family Enterobacteriaceae (Chrichton, 2006) and a commensal in the human intestinal tract. In the intestinal tract it resides harmlessly and poorly adapted to cause disease in healthy individuals. However, there exist a plethora of pathotypes that can cause specific type of illness both in normal hosts and those with compromised nonspecific defence mechanisms. Pathogenic strains differ from commensal organisms in that they possess Virulence Factor (VF) specific for each pathotype which may be coded by bacteriophages, plasmids or pathogenicity islands. The diseases caused by Escherichia coli include: extra intestinal and intestinal infections. Among extra intestinal sites urinary tract is the site most frequently infected by E. coli. E. coli is the most frequent pathogen isolated from 50-90% of all uncomplicated urinary tract infections (Steadman and Topley, 1998; Raksha et al., 2003). Certain serotypes of E. coli are International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 9 (2017) pp. 2530-2536 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Mutations in epigenetic modifiers in acute myeloid leukemia and their clinical utility

ABSTRACT Recent studies have identified recurrent mutations in genes that encode proteins crucial in the epigenetic regulation of gene transcription in hematologic malignancies. Somatic mutations in epigenetic modifiers, including IDH1, IDH2, TET2, DNAMT3A, ASXL1, MLL and EZH2 are enriched in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), especially those with intermediate-risk cytogenetics. Here we describe the clinic-biologic features of AML patients with these mutations, their prognostic relevance and potential as therapeutic targets. The epigenetic alterations are present as the early pre-leukemic events and usually remain stable during disease evolution, implying the potential to be biomarkers for minimal residual disease monitoring. The high frequency of mutations in epigenetic modifiers and their prognostic implications shed light on the development of epigenetic therapy.
Cancer prevention and health promotion for people with intellectual disabilities: an exploratory study of staff knowledge.

BACKGROUND As people with intellectual disabilities (ID) are living longer, their chances of developing cancer also increases. However, recognising the early signs and symptoms of cancer in a population with cognitive impairment and communication difficulties poses difficulties for both family carers and professional care staff. Engagement in health promotion and cancer prevention activities is also a challenge; yet, people with ID have an equal right to these important public services as other members of the population. AIMS The aim of this study was to examine how care staff engaged in cancer prevention and health promotion activities on behalf of people with ID. METHODS This was an exploratory descriptive study using a postal survey design employing a questionnaire. Fifteen residential facilities for adults with ID were targeted within one geographic region of the UK. In total, 40 residential staff completed a questionnaire about their knowledge of the risk and protective factors of stomach, breast, cervical and testicular cancer. Staff then completed questionnaires regarding 90 adults with ID, recording details about body mass index (BMI), lifestyle choices (i.e. smoking, dietary intake), Helicobacter pylori testing, family history of cancer and staff's health promotion and cancer prevention activities with these individuals. FINDINGS The women with ID were reported to have significantly higher BMIs than the men with ID and only two people with ID had been tested for the H. pylori infection: potential risk factors for developing breast and stomach cancer, respectively. The majority of the staff reported that they did not receive training in cancer prevention. Likewise, the majority of the staff reported that they were unaware of the family histories of the people with ID in their care. Reports varied with how staff engaged with people with ID regarding stomach, breast, cervical and testicular cancer health promotion activities and cancer screening opportunities. DISCUSSION Findings of this study show that health promotion and cancer prevention activities for people with ID may be less than optimal. The importance of staff training in order to raise knowledge and awareness is highlighted. Educating both staff and people with ID about the early signs and symptoms of cancer and the importance of a healthy lifestyle as a protective factor may help lead to more informed healthier lifestyle choices and lower cancer risk and morbidity.