Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Why Do Some People Become Addicted to Digital Games More Easily? A Study of Digital Game Addiction from a Psychosocial Health Perspective

ABSTRACT Exploring digital game addiction from a psychosocial perspective has gained much attention because digital game addiction is a serious social computing issue related to public health. A number of studies have empirically tested the effects of depression and loneliness on aggression, but few studies have explored the relationships among the psychosocial constructs (i.e., depression, loneliness, and aggression) and their effects on game addiction. In addition, the mediating role of aggression in digital game addiction has neither been proposed nor empirically tested. Moreover, although the psychological constructs related to game addiction have been proposed as multidimensional concepts and digital game addiction itself has been suggested as a multidimensional construct, few studies have been proposed and conducted using multidimensional constructs. This study sought to fill these gaps by proposing an integrated model of digital game addiction from a psychosocial health perspective. In particular, this study had three objectives: (1) to propose a second-order game addiction model addressing the relationships among loneliness, depression, aggression, and game addiction as multidimensional constructs and presenting aggression as a mediator between other psychosocial constructs and game addiction; (2) to empirically validate the proposed model using survey data obtained from actual online game users; and (3) to provide new insights for game policymakers in dealing with the digital game addiction issues. Based on the empirical findings, the theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed herein.
In Situ Monitoring of Health in Older Adults: Technologies and Issues

With the upcoming reform of the healthcare system and the greater emphasis on care in the home and other living environments, geriatric providers will need alternate ways of monitoring disease, activity, response to therapy, and patient safety. Current understanding of the dynamic nature of chronic illnesses, their effects on health over time, and the ability to manage them in the community are limited to measuring a set of variables at discrete points in time, which does not account for the dynamic interactions between physiological systems and the environments of daily life. Recent developments of sensors, data recorders, and communication networks allow the unprecedented measurements of physiological and sociological data for use in geriatrics care. This article identifies and discusses the important issues regarding the use of monitoring technologies in elderly patients. The goals are fourfold. First, some emerging technology that may improve the lives of older adults and improve care are highlighted. Second, the possible applications of technology in geriatrics settings are discussed, with a focus on acute falls, dementia, and cardiac conditions. Third, real and perceived concerns in using monitoring technology are identified and addressed, including technology adoption by elderly people; stigma; and the reduction in social contact; ethical concerns of privacy, autonomy, and consent; concerns of clinicians, including information overload, licensure, and liability; current reimbursement schemes for using technology; and the reliability and infrastructure needed for monitoring technology. Fourth, future approaches to make monitoring technology useful and available in geriatrics are recommended.
Social Support, Unstable Angina, and Stroke as Predictors of Depression in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease

Background:Depression is known to adversely affect coronary heart disease patients in western countries; however, no study of social support and depression has been conducted in the Chinese population. Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors of depression in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods:Between January and December 2015, a cross-sectional sample of 105 Taiwanese patients from cardiology units completed a demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire, Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Social Support Inventory, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Results:Thirty-nine percent of the participants reported low social support, and 61.0% had depression symptoms. Eight factors predicted depression. Social support was significantly and adversely correlated with depression (r = −.481, P < .01). The other 7 factors were positively correlated with depression: age (r = .212, P < .05), reported monthly income of less than US $600 (F = 4.98, P = .001), lack of exercise (F = 3.75, P = .027), history of stroke (t = −2.45, P = .016) and kidney disease (t = −2.41, P = .018), unstable angina (F = 3.56, P = .031), and groin puncture (F = 3.27, P = .042). A hierarchical regression model explained 43.7% of the variance in depression. Conclusion:Social support, unstable angina, and stroke may be important predictors of depression in patients with coronary heart disease. These findings help clinical staff to understand physical and mental health problems in cardiovascular patients. Thus, we suggest that early depression prediction and sufficient social support can help patients to face their disease and thus improve depression and health care quality.
Thinking or acting? Mental workload and subjective preferences for a command code and a direct manipulation interaction style

Subjects practiced drawing a figure on a computer screen by means of two interaction styles: Command codes and direct manipulation. These two interaction styles demanded different cognitive resources of the user and different times to perform the task. After practice, subjects performed multiple trials in three experimental conditions: in a time‐limit condition, with office noise, and in a neutral working condition. The drawing task was performed concurrently with one of three secondary tasks, each tapping different resources. In Experiment 1, subjects were divided into two equal size groups. Each group performed the task with only one of the two learned interaction styles. Secondary and primary task performance indicated no difference in workload between the two interaction styles. Only at the most demanding secondary task did the use of command codes result in higher workload. In Experiment 2, subjects performed the drawing task in each trial using their preferred interaction style. Consistent individua.
SEVERE HUMAN RHINOVIRUS OUTBREAK ASSOCIATED WITH FATALITIES IN A LONG‐TERM CARE FACILITY IN ONTARIO, CANADA

1. Yamaya M, Yanai M, Ohrui T et al. Interventions to prevent pneumonia among older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2001;49:85–90. 2. Matsumura T, Arai M, Yonemitsu Y et al. The traditional Japanese medicine Rikkunshito increases the plasma level of ghrelin in humans and mice. J Gastroenterol 2010;45:300–307. 3. De Vriese C, Perret J, Delporte C. Focus on the shortand long-term effects of ghrelin on energy homeostasis. Nutrition 2010;26:579–584.
Portable Bladder Ultrasound Reduces Incidence of Urinary Tract Infection and Shortens Hospital Length of Stay in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) during acute ischemic stroke is associated with a longer hospital length of stay and unfavorable functional outcomes. Objective: We investigated the benefits of portable bladder ultrasound (PBU) scanning during acute ischemic stroke. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with acute ischemic stroke from January 2011 to February 2017. Patients were divided into group 1 (PBU not available) and group 2 (PBU available), before or after the split date, April 9, 2014. Portable bladder ultrasound scanning was conducted by nurses to measure postvoid residual urine volume in patients with impaired consciousness and/or dependent ambulation. Results: In total, 1928 patients were enrolled, of whom 109 (5.7%) had UTI and 901 (46.7%) experienced unfavorable outcomes (modified Rankin scale score ≥ 3). Multivariate analysis revealed that factors that influenced UTI were age of 75 years or older, female gender, initial total National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 5 or higher, initial NIHSS conscious score of 1 or higher, initial NIHSS leg score of 2 or higher, and urinary catheterization. Factors influencing unfavorable outcomes were similar to those influencing UTI but further comprised UTI. C-statistic for UTI detection was 0.864 for model fitting, including significant factors in logistic regression. Compared with group 1, group 2 had a higher incidence of urinary catheterization (13.1% vs 8.2%), a lower incidence of UTI (4.0% vs 6.9%), and a shorter length of stay (11.9 vs 13.6 days). Conclusions: Portable bladder ultrasound scanning reduced the incidence of UTI and shortened length of stay. We suggest routine PBU procedures for patients with acute ischemic stroke who fulfill the AGN3 criteria for a high risk of UTI.
THE PRODUCTION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN RABBITS BY FEEDING DIETS RICH IN MEAT

In an earlier communication, Newburgh and Squier 1 reported the occurrence of atherosclerosis in two small groups of rabbits (eleven in all) that had been fed high protein diets. While the evidence at hand indicated that the vascular lesions had been caused by the high protein diets, such a conclusion was not safe because it was felt that the experiments were too few to permit a generalization. This paper deals with the further investigation of the effect of high protein diets on the arteries of rabbits; but the presentation of the new material will be preceded by a definition of the term "atherosclerosis," and by a discussion of the work of earlier students of experimental atherosclerosis. DEFINITION The causes of human atherosclerosis have been sought for, by means of animal experimentation, by a large number of investigators. They have attempted to injure the vessels by the use of a great many
Self-Reported Health-Related Quality of Life and Sleep Disturbances in Taiwanese People With Heart Failure

Background and Research Objective:Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has been viewed as the most important clinical outcome of heart failure (HF) management. However, information about the predictors of HRQOL in Taiwanese people with HF is limited, especially for the effects of sleep disturbances on HF. Purpose:The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of HRQOL in Taiwanese people with HF, especially focusing on the extent to which sleep variables are related to HRQOL. Methods:A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was used. A nonprobability sample of 125 participants was recruited from the outpatient departments of 2 hospitals located in southern Taiwan. Participants were face-to-face individually interviewed to complete the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Charlson Comorbidity Index. Data for concomitant health problems and HF characteristics were collected from the medical records. Results:The mean Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall summary score for HRQOL in this sample was 70.50 (SD, 19.63). Health-related quality of life physical symptom had the highest score, and the psychological satisfaction domain had the lowest. Six predictors of the HRQOL were identified by using a 3-step hierarchical multiple regression analysis with forward method. The predictors were education (R2 = 0.09), New York Heart Association functional class (R2 = 0.398), Charlson Comorbidity Index number (R2 = 2.6), subjective sleep quality (R2 = 0.037), sleep disturbances (R2 = 0.015), and sleep latency (R2 = 0.018), and together they accounted for a total of 58.5% of the variance in HRQOL. Conclusions:Nurses should use a holistic perspective to help patients understand and manage the impact of HF on their daily lives. Effective interventions for improving HRQOL should be designed based on patients' needs and lifestyles. The study findings could serve as a baseline for further longitudinal studies to explore the long-term effects of correlates and causal relationships among the variables in this Taiwanese population with HF.
Comparison of Treatment Efficacy between Shock Wave Lithotripsy and Ureteroscopic Stone Removal for Lower Ureteral Stones

Purpose: We compared the efficacy and patient satisfaction between shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) and ureteroscopic removal of stone (URS) for the treatment of lower ureteral stones. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 223 patients who were treated for lower ureteral stones from August 2006 to January 2009. SWL and URS were performed in 47 and 176 patients, respectively. After treatment, the patients' subjective inconvenience/pain and their satisfaction with the treatment process were estimated by questionnaire. We analyzed success rates, complication rates, inconvenience/pain scores, and satisfaction scores for each group of patients. Results: The overall success rates of SWL and URS were 82.9% and 97.7%, respectively (p=0.001). The complication rates of SWL and URS were 8.5% and 10.8%, respectively (p=0.162). The satisfaction scores of SWL and URS were 7.4 and 9.2, respectively (p=0.001). Whereas 87.5% of the URS group preferred the same treatment in case of a recurrence of ureteral stones, only 68% of the SWL group preferred the same treatment in the future (p=0.002). Conclusions: URS was more successful and satisfactory to the patients with lower ureteral stones. Although both SWL and URS were highly effective for treatment of distal ureteral stones, we believe that URS is the first-line treatment modality for lower ureteral stones. (Korean J Urol 2009;50: 884-891) 󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏
Being Prepared for Diversity in Practice: Occupational Therapy Students' Perceptions of Valuable Intercultural Learning Experiences

Occupational therapists are increasingly working in diverse areas of practice, in diverse settings and with diverse client groups. Accordingly, understandings of the complexities of interactions between service providers and clients, relative to the environments and contexts in which they come together, are requisite to competent practice. This article describes a phenomenological study undertaken with occupational therapy students in New Zealand, which focused on their experiences of learning to work with people from diverse cultural backgrounds. In this article, a subset of the findings from the study is presented. This subset of findings was that client-centredness and hands-on experiences in fieldwork were perceived to be the most important features of the occupational therapy students' education as preparation for working with clients from different cultural backgrounds. A presentation of narrative extracts and interpretive commentary is followed by a discussion of the implications of the findings for occupational therapy education, especially fieldwork education.
Cognitive Impairment Is Independently Associated With Reduced Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Persons With Heart Failure

Background:Heart failure (HF) is a disabling disease that often affects instrumental activities of daily living (instrumental ADLs). Despite high rates of disability in this population, little is known about the effects of cognitive impairment on instrumental ADLs in this population. Objective:The current study examined whether cognitive functioning predicts instrumental ADL performance in persons with HF. Methods:Persons with HF (N = 122; 68.49 [SD, 9.43] years; 35.2% female) completed neuropsychological testing, fitness assessment, and self-reported instrumental and basic ADL function as part of a larger protocol. Neuropsychological tests included the Mini-Mental State Examination and Trail Making Tests A and B. The 2-minute step test estimated fitness. Instrumental and basic ADL function was based on self-report on the Lawton-Brody Activities of Daily Living Scale. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to determine the independent contribution of cognitive function to ADLs in HF. Results:Heart failure patients reported high rates of impairments in instrumental ADLs, but indicated requiring little or no assistance with basic ADLs. Cognitive function showed incremental predictive validity for driving (R2 change = .07, P = .03) and medication management (R2 change = .14, P < .001). In each case, poorer neuropsychological test performance was associated with poorer instrumental ADL function. Conclusion:In persons with HF, cognitive performance is an independent predictor of independence in driving and medication management. Strategies to maintain or improve cognitive functioning in HF may help patients remain functionally independent in their daily living.
Quality and Adequacy of Dietary Intake in a Southern Urban Heart Failure Population

Background:Few studies have examined the quality and adequacy of dietary intake in patients attempting to limit sodium. Objective:The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive analysis of the dietary intake of persons with heart failure (HF) in the Southern United States who have been advised to limit their sodium intake. Methods:Three-day food diaries were completed by 114 New York Heart Association class II and III persons with HF enrolled in a family partnership intervention study, which were reviewed by a dietitian and analyzed using validated nutritional software. The Harris-Benedict equation for sedentary adults was used to determine macronutrient intake adequacy. Demographic information and clinical data were obtained through patient report and medical record review. Results:Dietary sodium ingestion ranged from 522 to 9251 mg/d (mean [SD], 2671 [1432] mg/d), with 38 (33.3%) individuals consuming the recommended 2000 mg/d or less in this sample (age, 28–78 years; 64.0% men; 57.0% African American). Mean (SD) caloric intake for the total sample was 1674 (636) kcal/d, with participants eating 99% of the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of protein, 63% of the RDA of carbohydrates, and 89% of the RDA of fat. Participants eating 2000 mg or less of sodium consumed significantly less calories (P < .001), protein (P < .001), carbohydrates (P = .008), and fat (P < .001), but not fiber (P = .103), compared with those consuming more than 2000 mg of sodium after adjusting for body mass index. When analyzed by amount of sodium consumption, persons ingesting 2000 mg or less of sodium per day ate significantly less grains (P = .001) and meat and beans (P = .004) and had less intake of the micronutrients calcium (P < .001), zinc (P = .002), and thiamine (P = .05). Conclusion:Only one-third of participants with HF who have been instructed on a low-sodium diet reported consuming the RDA of 2000 mg or less, indicating the need for further dietary instruction with a particular focus on modifying the Southern US diet.
The Comparative Pathology of the Tumors of Bone

Tumors of Bone and Cartilage, by Harlan J. Spjut et al ( Atlas of Tumor Pathology , series 2, fasc 5), 454 pp, 484 illus, paper, $9.85, Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1971. The Comparative Pathology of the Tumors of Bone accomplishes its primary purpose of supplying a compilation of the bone tumors that affect animals, together with a large bibliography. The tumors are related in sequence to comparable or identical tumors in man. The author's information for the latter derives from his own extensive experience in almost two decades of work with some 1,750 cases of tumor or tumor-like diseases, or conditions in which a differential diagnosis of bone tumor came up for consideration in the Bone Tumor Registry at the University of Oregon. The information from this source was augmented by data from several large previously published series. He indicates a hope that the combined information on tumors
Physical and Psychological Symptom Profiling and Event-Free Survival in Adults With Moderate to Advanced Heart Failure

&NA;Heart failure (HF) is a heterogeneous symptomatic disorder. The goal of this study was to identify and link common profiles of physical and psychological symptoms to 1-year event-free survival in adults with moderate to advanced HF. Methods:Multiple valid, reliable, and domain-specific measures were used to assess physical and psychological symptoms. Latent class mixture modeling was used to identify distinct symptom profiles. Associations between observed symptom profiles and 1-year event-free survival were quantified using Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results:The mean age of the participants (n = 202) was 57 ± 13 years, 50% were men, and 60% had class III/IV HF. Three distinct profiles, mild (41.7%), moderate (30.2%), and severe (28.1%), that captured a gradient of both physical and psychological symptom burden were identified (P < .001 for all comparisons). Controlling for the Seattle HF Score, adults with the moderate symptom profile were 82% more likely (hazard ratio, 1.82; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–3.11; P = .028) and adults with the severe symptom profile were more than twice as likely (hazard ratio, 2.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.21–3.52; P = .001) to have a clinical event within 1 year than patients with the mild symptom profile. Conclusions:Profiling patterns among physical and psychological symptoms identifies HF patient subgroups with significantly worse 1-year event-free survival independent of prognostication based on objective clinical HF data.
POLYPHARMACY AND UNDERPRESCRIBING IN OLDER ADULTS: RATIONAL UNDERPRESCRIBING BY GENERAL PRACTITIONERS

albumin 2.8 g/L (normal range 3.5–5.5 mg/dL). Urinalysis showed 10 to 15 leukocytes and 30 to 40 red blood cells per high-power field and more than 300 mg/dL of albumin. Her 24-hour urinary protein excretion was 5.23 g. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA) were negative using the immunofluorescence technique. Serology for hepatitis B surface antigen and anti-hepatitis C antibodies were negative. Serum complement (C3 and C4) levels were normal. Abdominal ultrasonography showed kidneys of normal size. A renal biopsy was performed, which identified idiopathic membranous nephropathy (Figure 1B). The patient was managed conservatively: close monitoring of blood pressure, periodic renal function testing, salt restriction, diuretics, and antihypertensive medications (angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and statins); corticosteroids were not prescribed. She improved over the next 12 weeks. Her proteinuria dropped to 1.5 g/24 hours, and renal function stabilized (e-GFR 30 mL/min). The correlation between WS and renal impairment has rarely been reported, and only in a few cases was ESRD reported. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first case of WS associated with renal impairment with histology documenting overt glomerulonephritis such as IMN. It is unknown whether this coexistence is the result of the same genetic disorder or a simple coincidence. There is some evidence of a role of at least two genetic loci other than ‘‘Werner syndrome, RecQ helicase-like’’ helicase, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha and phospholipase A2 receptor polymorphic variants in both pathologies. Further clinical and genetic studies will elucidate this possible genetic correlation.