Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Retrospective study of 2,200 involuntary psychiatric admissions and readmissions.

OBJECTIVE The authors describe demographic data, the distribution of diagnoses, and comorbid psychoactive substance use in a large sample of patients involuntarily admitted to a psychiatric hospital from multiple crisis centers and explore the relative roles these variables may play in service utilization and admission rates. METHOD Data on demographic characteristics and comorbid psychoactive substance use in 2,200 consecutive involuntary hospital admissions of 1,755 psychiatric patients were gathered. Pertinent demographic and comorbidity data at first admission for the 1,755 patients, 314 of whom were admitted more than once, were analyzed; then the data for the 1,441 single-admission patients and the data at first admission for the 314 patients who had multiple admissions were compared. Finally, the diagnostic distribution and comorbid psychoactive substance use in all 2,200 admissions were investigated, with attention to a subgroup of 88 high-risk patients (those with three or more admissions) who represented a total of 307 admissions. RESULTS Specific demographic characteristics were represented in the patient group at a high level of statistical significance. The diagnosis of schizophrenia was significantly overrepresented. Schizophrenia and psychosis not elsewhere classified clustered in the subgroup with a high risk of readmission. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest a specific profile for the patient with heightened risk of hospital admission: a young, unmarried, African American male who has schizophrenia without comorbid substance abuse. An effect size data analysis identified marital status and a diagnosis of schizophrenia as the variables associated with the greatest likelihood of admission. Unexpectedly, the impact of comorbid psychoactive substance use was relatively modest and showed a uniform distribution among diagnostic groups.
Towards characterization of the glycoproteome of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit using Concanavalin A lectin affinity chromatography and LC‐MALDI‐MS/MS analysis

The isolation and analysis of glycoproteins by coupling lectin affinity chromatography with MS has emerged as a powerful strategy to study the glycoproteome of mammalian cells. However, this approach has not been used extensively for the analysis of plant glycoproteins. As with all eukaryotes, N‐glycosylation is a common post‐translational modification for plant proteins traveling through the secretory pathway. Many such proteins are destined for the cell wall, or apoplast, where they play important roles in processes such as modifying cell wall structure, sugar metabolism, signaling, and defense against pathogens. Here, we describe a strategy to enrich for and identify secreted plant proteins based on affinity chromatography using the lectin Concanavalin A and two‐dimensional liquid chromatography, together with matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization MS analysis. The value of this approach is illustrated through the characterization of glycoproteins that are expressed in ripe tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit, a developmental stage that is fundamentally linked with significant changes in cell wall structure and composition. This glycoprotein trap strategy allowed the isolation of a sub‐proteome with an extremely high proportion of proteins that are predicted to be resident in the cell wall or secretory pathway, and the identification of new putative cell wall proteins.
Business Cycle Synchronization In The Euro Area

Business cycle synchronization represents a condition for the successful implementation of the common monetary policy within the Economic and Monetary Union. There is a tight relation between business cycle synchronization and the economic convergence of the Member States of the Monetary Union. Investigating the specialized literature, this study analyses below the factors which influence the synchronization of the economic fluctuations of the economies in the Euro area. A second objective of this study is represented by the pointing out of the evolution of the synchronization process of the business cycle after the adoption of the euro, in the euro area countries by reference to the empiric evidence. The hypothesis of the study states that the introduction of the unique currency in 1999 resulted into the increase of the synchronization degree of the business cycle.
Reactive Attachment Disorder: What We Know about the Disorder and Implications for Treatment

In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of children diagnosed with Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD). There is considerable disagreement about what this entity actually entails and, in particular, what types of assessments and interventions to use with these children and families. Children with a history of maltreatment (i.e., physical, sexual, emotional abuse, and/or severe neglect) are particularly likely to receive this diagnosis, because the behavior problems often seen in these children are presumed to stem from the maladaptive relationships they have had with abusive caregivers. However, many children are receiving this diagnosis because of behavior problems that clearly extend beyond the DSM-IV criteria for RAD. Perhaps the most concerning consequence of the RAD diagnosis is the emergence of novel treatments that lack a sound theoretical basis or empirical support, and may potentially be traumatizing and dangerous to the child. Thus, the purpose of this article is to review and synthesize what is known about RAD and attachment disorders and to discuss implications for treatment.
Phylogenetic Differences in Attached and Free-Living Bacterial Communities in a Temperate Coastal Lagoon during Summer, Revealed via High-Throughput 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

ABSTRACT Most of what is known about coastal free-living and attached bacterial diversity is based on open coasts, with high particulate and nutrient riverine supply, terrestrial runoffs, and anthropogenic activities. The Magdalen Islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence (Canada) are dominated by shallow lagoons with small, relatively pristine catchments and no freshwater input apart from rain. Such conditions provided an opportunity to investigate coastal free-living and attached marine bacterial diversity in the absence of confounding effects of steep freshwater gradients. We found significant differences between the two communities and marked temporal patterns in both. Taxonomic richness and diversity were greater in the attached than in the free-living community, increasing over summer, especially within the least abundant bacterial phyla. The highest number of reads fell within the SAR 11 clade (Pelagibacter, Alphaproteobacteria), which dominated free-living communities. The attached communities had deeper phylum-level diversity than the free-living fraction. Distance-based redundancy analysis indicated that the particulate organic matter (POM) concentration was the main variable separating early and late summer samples with salinity and temperature changes also significantly correlated to bacterial community structure. Our approach using high-throughput sequencing detected differences in free-living versus attached bacteria in the absence of riverine input, in keeping with the concept that marine attached communities are distinct from cooccurring free-living taxa. This diversity likely reflects the diverse microhabitats of available particles, implying that the total bacterial diversity in coastal systems is linked to particle supply and variability, with implications for understanding microbial biodiversity in marine systems.
An Empirical Investigation into the Effect of Unemployment and Inflation on Economic Growth in Nigeria

This paper investigates the effect of unemployment and inflation on economic growth in Nigeria between 19862010 through the application of Augmented Dickey-Fuller technique in testing the unit root property of the series and Granger causality test of causation between GDP, unemployment and inflation. The results of unit root suggest that all the variables in the model are stationary and the results of Causality suggest that unemployment and inflation cause RGDP and not RGDP causing unemployment and inflation. The result shows a one-way causation running from unemployment and inflation to RGDP. The Johansen cointegration result shows that despite no causation between unemployment and inflation, but there existed 2 cointegrating equation, implying the existence of long run relationship between economic growth, unemployment and inflation. The results also revealed that unemployment and inflation possessed a positive impact on economic growth. The result also shows that unemployment does not significantly affect economic growth, but a good performance of an economy in terms of per capita growth may therefore be attributed to the rate of inflation in the country. A major policy implication of this result is that concerted effort should be made by policy makers to increase the level of output in Nigeria by improving productivity/supply in order to reduce unemployment and the prices of goods and services (inflation) so as to boost the growth of the economy. Another policy implication of this study is that government should embark on labour intensive technique of production as against capital intensive and also close the border to some extent which is the likely measure to reduce unemployment and Inflation and increase domestic output level (GDP).
The contribution of child maintenance payments to the income packages of lone mothers

This paper will assess the potential impact of the receipt of child maintenance payments on the income packages of lone mothers. It provides an analysis of the Families and Children Survey (FACS) using the latest 2008 data which involved interviews with parents with dependent children conducted between October 2008 and February 2009. This broadly replicates a previous analysis using 2004 FACS data conducted by Skinner and Meyer in 2006 (although the figures are not directly comparable due to differences in weighting and equivalence factors – see technical notes at end). This 2008 analysis hopes to pick-up any potential changes since the introduction of two recent child maintenance policy reforms implemented in October 2008. The first reform allows lone parents dependent on means-tested social security benefits to opt-out of using the Child Support Agency (CSA). This leaves all parents free to make a private child maintenance agreement without using the old CSA or new statutory scheme (The Child Maintenance and Enforcement Commission ‘CMEC’). The second change is the introduction of a child maintenance £20 disregard for those on meanstested benefits, allowing those parents to keep more of the maintenance but obviously only if it is paid. The former change may result in more private arrangements being made, but these could be for lower amounts than under the CSA formula as parents will be free to negotiate their own amounts and methods of payment and parents could also agree to provide other types of services in kind or cash lump sums in lieu of child maintenance. The other potential change could be a rise in the proportionate value of child maintenance to the income package of the poorest lone mothers given the £20 disregard. However, at the aggregate level this could be balanced out by the former changes.
‘What defines me is what I have been through’: Bhutanese refugee youth identity in the United States

ABSTRACT Framed by a poststructuralist theory of identity, this phenomenological study explores Bhutanese refugee youth’s lived experiences before and after resettlement and the ways that these experiences influence their identity navigation. Data from this study come from a two-year ethnography with a recently resettled Bhutanese refugee community in a northeastern US city. By focusing on four Bhutanese refugee youth and two current Bhutanese refugee youth club collaborators who used to be teachers in the camp in Nepal, the findings indicate that the essential nature of refugee youth’s lived experience is a way of being, becoming, and imagining. From past to present, from camp to campus, refugee youth adjust not only to their situated environment, but also to who they are and who they want to be. This study highlights refugee identity as a multi-layered and multi-faceted construct, which is related to others, contested, imagined, power driven, and constituted by social practice.
Finding all the Lower Boundary Points in a Multistate Two-Terminal Network

System reliability of a multistate flow network can be computed in terms of all the lower boundary points, called <italic>d</italic>-minimal paths (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d$</tex-math></inline-formula>-MPs). Although several algorithms have been proposed in the literature for the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $d$</tex-math></inline-formula>-MP problem, there is still room for improvement upon its solution. Here, some new results are presented to improve the solution of the problem. A simple novel algorithm is improved to solve a Diophantine system that appeared in the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d$</tex-math></inline-formula>-MP problem. Then, an improved algorithm is proposed for the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d$</tex-math> </inline-formula>-MP problem. It is also explained how the proposed algorithm can be used in order to assess the reliability of some smart grid communication networks. We provide the complexity results and show the main algorithm to be more efficient than the existing ones in terms of execution times through some benchmark networks and a general network example. Moreover, we compare the algorithms through one thousand randomly generated test problems using the Dolan and Moré's performance profile.
Glycemic status in exclusively breast fed low birth weight babies In first 72 hours of life in a teriary care hospital

Background: Neonatal hypoglycaemia, a common metabolic problem, often goes unnoticed owing to lack of specific symptoms. It can lead to considerable mortality and morbidity with long term neurological sequelae. Adequate breast feeding play an important role in maintaining normal glucose levels. So, this study is done to assess the incidence of hypoglycaemia in exclusively breast fed low birth weight babies, both term and preterm neonates and evaluate the impact of early breast feeding on glycaemic status upto 72 hours of life.Methods: This study was conducted over 12 month period involving 236 AGA (Appropriate for gestational age), SGA (Small for gestational age) babies with birth weight between 1.6-2.49 kg. Blood glucose values were measured at birth, 3h, 6h, 12h, 24h, 48h and 72h of life after delivery which was independent of feeding time. Hypoglycaemia was assessed against age of onset, gestational age, sex of baby, mode of delivery and time of initiation of breast feeding.Results: Total 56 episodes of hypoglycaemia were recorded in 52 babies of which 46 (27%) were term SGA babies and 6(8%) were preterm AGA babies (p=0.00148). The incidence of hypoglycaemia was found to be 22%, highest during the first 24 hours of life (93%) and delayed breast feeding is the most commonly noted risk factor (p=0.00024). Conclusions: Low birth babies are more prone to develop hypoglycaemia especially in first 24 hours of life with delayed introduction of breast feeding being one of the common risk factors and asymptomatic hypoglycaemia can be managed with frequent breast feeding without any formula feeds.
Efficient Deperming Protocols Based on the Magnetic Properties in Demagnetization Process

Recently developed magnetic materials have high coercive force and high squareness ratios to meet the industrial demand. In the electric and electronics industries and in defense development, a deperming procedure is needed to reduce residual magnetization to zero. But the conventional deperming has a limitation of not considering the magnetic hysteresis. To research an efficient and reliable deperming current, this paper proposes a deperming analysis process using the Preisach modeling combined with the finite-elements method, which is verified by magnetic treatment facility experiments. By analyzing the trace on the Preisach plane, flash-D deperm, which leaves a lot of trace remaining on the high-density coercive force, was found to be more effective. Therefore, a method to formulate a flash-D deperm current using Preisach modeling is proposed. Finally, it is expected to obtain the most efficient flash-D deperm current according to the magnetic hysteresis of each ferromagnetic material.
Symptom fluctuation in bulimia nervosa: relation to menstrual-cycle phase and cortisol levels

Background. Individuals with bulimia nervosa report significant symptom fluctuation, and some studies have suggested a premenstrual exacerbation of binge frequency. The purpose of this study is to explore the hormonal correlates of symptom fluctuation in bulimia nervosa. Method. For five consecutive weeks (one full menstrual cycle), eight women with bulimia nervosa and eight non-eating-disordered control women collected morning saliva samples and recorded several mood characteristics; the bulimic women also recorded binge and purge episodes. Subsequently, salivary cortisol and androgen levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. Results. Bulimic symptoms were exacerbated in both the mid-luteal and premenstrual phases, when compared with the follicular and ovulatory phases (F(3,21)=3·76, P=0·026; contrast analysis t(7)=3·47, P<0·01). Fluctuation in cortisol was closely correlated with fluctuation of bulimic symptoms, with elevated cortisol secretion following symptom exacerbation (r(24)=0·64, P=0·001). Conclusions. Bulimic symptom fluctuation appears to be related to two hormonal phenomena – phase of the menstrual cycle and cortisol secretion – with menstrual-cycle phase influencing bulimic symptom severity, and bulimic symptom severity effecting increases in cortisol secretion. Improved understanding of the hormonal causes and consequences of symptom fluctuation may lead to improved psychological and pharmacological treatments for bulimia nervosa.
Loss of Bcl-2 expression correlates with tumour recurrence in colorectal cancer

Aims—To investigate the association between immunohistochemical expression of Bcl-2 and p53 in colorectal cancer and tumour recurrence following surgery. Methods—Sixty six cases of Dukes’ B colorectal carcinoma were studied. All tumours were moderately differentiated and were shown to be histologically clear of the resection margins. Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin fixed paraffin wax embedded tissue using monoclonal antibodies for p53 and Bcl-2. The Bcl-2 staining was assessed separately for relative intensity of staining and percentage of positive tumour cells and given a final score which combined the two factors. The p53 staining was assessed on number of positive tumour cells only. The patterns of immunostaining of those cases in which there had been tumour recurrence were compared with those cases in which there was no tumour recurrence (controls). Results—A statistically significant inverse association was found between Bcl-2 score and tumour recurrence (median Bcl-2 score of 6 (interquartile range (IQR) 2–9) in patients with recurrent disease; median Bcl-2 score of 8 (IQR 6–10) in those without recurrence; p=0.03). When examined separately, both the intensity of expression and percentage of positive tumour cells were significantly associated with tumour recurrence (p=0.04 in each case). There was no association between p53 staining and tumour recurrence. Conclusion—Results suggest that, when controlled for differentiation, Bcl-2 expression is a prognostic marker and may be useful as an adjunctive test in clinical decision making.
Comparison of dexmedetomidine and clonidine as an adjuvant to intrathecal bupivacaine in lower limb surgery: A randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial

Background: We compared the duration of analgesia and adverse effects along with the hemodynamicchanges, following intrathecal administration of dexmedetomidine or clonidine with bupivacaine.Methodology: Seventy five patients of ASA grade I or II, ages between 20-50 years, were enrolled inthe study. Patients were randomly allocated to three equal groups, Group B received hyperbaricbupivacaine (0.5%) 12.5 mg with normal saline as a placebo, group D received bupivacaine with 3 μg ofdexmedetomidine and Group C received bupivacaine with 30 μg of clonidine. All solutions were madeup to 3 ml with addition of normal saline and injected at L3-L4 using a 25G spinal needle. The onset andduration of sensory and motor blockade, time to reach peak sensory and motor level and the sensoryand motor regression times were recorded. Hemodynamic changes and time to use first rescue analgesia,diclofenac sodium 75 mg IM, were also recorded. In post anaesthesia care unit (PACU), pain scores wererecorded using visual analogue scale (VAS), initially every 30 minutes for 8 hours, then every 2 hourstill 24 hours. Descriptive statistics was used for describing frequencies, mean and standard deviation.Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare the quantitative variables in between the threegroups which were independent of each other. Chi square test was used to compare categorical variables.All the data was analysed using SPSS vs. 17. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: There was no significant difference in patients demographics or duration of surgery, in the timeto onset of sensory block but motor block was early in Group D and Group C as compared to Group B.Duration of sensory and motor blockade was prolonged in Groups C and D, compared with Group B.The mean regression time to S1 segment was 306.6 ± 52 min in Group D, 278.6 ± 27 min in Group Cand 199.8 ± 33 min in Group B. The regression of motor block to Bromage zero was 253.2 ± 38.40 minin Group D, 229.00 ± 42.57 min in Group C and 175.00 ± 29 min in Group B. The time to analgesia wassignificantly prolonged in Group D compared with Group C the latter being longer than Group B.Conclusion: The addition of dexmedetomidine to intrathecal bupivacaine prolongs the motor andsensory block and postoperative analgesia when compared to bupivacaine with or without clonidine,with preserved hemodynamic stability in lower limb surgeries.
Estimating the Education-Earnings Equation Using Geographic Variation

We expand on the literature on the causal impact of postsecondary education on earnings by introducing a richer set of location-based measures as instruments for years of education. Utilizing data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth, 1997, we implement six different sets of instruments based on geographic variation: presence of a four-year or two-year college in the county, inverse log distance to in-state two-year colleges, distance-weighted tuition and distance-weighted enrollment at in-state two-year colleges, and inverse log distance to all colleges. We find that these alternative measures yield differing estimates of the impact of educational attainment on earnings. Using our preferred measure of geographic variation, one additional year of postsecondary attainment results in a 9.5% increase in yearly earnings. We find a larger impact of postsecondary attainment for women, and no measurable impact of postsecondary attainment for men.