Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heel Pressure Ulcers: a study of wound healing

Background Heels are a common location for pressure ulcers (PUs); they may be physiologically different to other PU sites and their healing is poorly understood. Aim To summarise the effects of support surfaces and identify prognostic factors in healing heel PUs. Objectives 1. Review the effects of support surfaces for heel PU healing 2. Identify factors which independently impact on heel PU healing 3. Describe the characteristics of patients, current management practices and progress of heel PUs Methods Systematic review of the evidence of effectiveness for pressure relieving devices in the treatment of heel PUs. Prospective cohort study of patients with heel PUs ≥ Grade 2 in an acute hospital and followed for 18 months or up till healed. Results Systematic review identified 467 potentially relevant articles, retrieved 70 for screening and included 1in a narrative synthesis. No recommendations for practice could be made. Cohort study recruited 140 people with 183 heel ulcers. 77 (42%) ulcers healed, 88 (48%) did not heal due to death, 5 (3%) were on limbs subsequently amputated, 11 (6%) were unhealed at 18 months, 2 (1%) were lost to follow-up. Cox proportional hazards models identified 12 significant (p≤0.2) variables affecting time to healing in the univariate analysis. Eight entered the multivariate model: 2 reached significance (p≤0.1): severe (cf superficial) ulcers and the presence of (cf the absence) peripheral vascular disease (PVD) reduced the chance of healing. Ulcer area did not change in a uniform manner. Treatments e.g. support surfaces and dressings were inconsistently used. Many patients experienced non-pressure ulcer related infections during the study. Conclusion It is not known if support surfaces aid heel PU healing. The severity of the PU and the presence of PVD are independent prognostic factors for healing. Further work is needed to explore prognostic factors which change over time.
Pruning the Search Space and Extracting More Models in Tableaux

An extension of tableaux is presented. The extension is threefold: a new rule allowing the use of information deduced during the building of the tableau in order to simplify formulae occurring in it, integration of semantic strategies (i.e. strategies based on the use of interpretations) that prune the search space and a new way of extracting a model from a given (possibly infinite) branch. These features are combined with a former method for simultaneous search for refutations and models. The capabilities of the new method w.r. t. the original one are clearly stated. A non-trivial extension of the standard proof using Hintikka sets is introduced in order to prove the refutational completeness of our method. Finally, it is shown that the method is able to build models for any formula having a model that can be specified by equational constraints. This class contains many existing decidable classes of formulae such as the Bernays–Schönfinkel class [16, 2], the Pvd and Occ1N classes [19] etc.
Carbonic anhydrase IX is strongly overexpressed in adenocarcinoma in situ of the cervix uteri

Tomonori Kawasaki Gianni Bussolati Caterina Marchi o Isabella Castellano Lorenzo Daniele Luca Molinaro Michiko Hinata Kazushige Furuya Hiroshi Nakagomi Toshio Oyama Hiroko Tsunoda Tamotsu Sugai Ryohei Katoh Anna Sapino Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan, Institute ‘Victor Babes’, Bucharest, Romania, Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Department of Radiology, St Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, and Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka, Japan
The perceptions of selected stakeholders on the integration of chiropractic into the KwaZulu-Natal healthcare system

Background: Chiropractic in South Africa seems to be gaining acceptance by medicine with increased recognition from the private healthcare sector. This trend is reflected by the recognition of private healthcare providers of chiropractic services. Integration would accelerate the growth of the chiropractic profession in this country. It is therefore important to understand how chiropractic is currently perceived with respect to integration into the KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) healthcare system. As well as to determine factors perceived to facilitate or hinder this integration. Objectives: To explore and describe the perceptions of selected stakeholders about the integration of the chiropractic profession into the KZN healthcare system. Method: The sample included ten selected stakeholders within the KZN healthcare sector. Each participant participated in a semi-structured interview. Questions included participants‟ experience of chiropractic, the role and scope of chiropractic practice, and key developmental issues affecting integration. Interviews were captured on a digital voice recorder and transcribed into text. Data was analysed by the use of NVivo software (NVivo 8, developed and designed in Australia, copyright 2008 QSR International Pty Ltd. ABN 47 006 357 213). Results: The majority of participants (n = 7) had a positive experience of chiropractic, but few (n= 2) recognised the diagnostic role of chiropractic. All participants, except two doctors, believed that integrating chiropractic into the public healthcare system would benefit the healthcare fraternity, the chiropractic profession and patients. However, hindering factors perceived by the participants included: chiropractors practicing non-evidence based techniques; chiropractic being registered with a different council and being taught at a different institution to conventional medical professionals; and most importantly a lack of knowledge of the profession. Facilitating factors were III perceived to be: increased education of stakeholders about chiropractic; improved communication between chiropractors and medical doctors; improved marketing strategy; and lastly improved patient management. Conclusions: A positive experience of chiropractic is directly affected by a positive exposure to the profession. The profession itself is responsible for dispelling some of the confusion it has created, by collectively practicing evidence based medicine, and marketing a united message to stakeholders.
Oxidative stress markers and mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme expression are increased in aggressive Hodgkin lymphomas

Hodgkin lymphoma treatments are largely based on the generation of reactive oxygen species, but increased expression of antioxidant enzymes may contribute to chemoresistance. The aims of this study were: to define the extent and prognostic value of oxidative stress marker and antioxidant enzyme expression in Hodgkin lymphomas; and to investigate a potential association between antioxidant enzymes and chemoresistance.
Differential expression of hyaluronan synthase 2 in breast carcinoma and its biological significance

Hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) is an enzyme in hyaluronan synthesis. Several studies have demonstrated that HAS2 plays a critical role in tumour progression in breast cancer cells. The in‐situ expression patterns of HAS2 remain unclear, and the aim of this study was to determine these in order to elucidate the role of HAS2 in breast cancer.
Estudo prospectivo de gestantes e seus bebês com risco de transmissão de toxoplasmose congênita em município do Rio Grande do Sul

This study followed up 2,126 pregnant women cared for at SUS day-care clinics (Public Health Insurance System) of the northwest of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. After serological screening we performed a follow up of all pregnant women and their babies. Serologic tests included: IgG, IgM, IgA and IgG avidity levels, mice inoculation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) also placentas and umbilical materials were tested using immunoperoxidase as well as clinical evaluation. Of all the pregnant women screened, 74.5% were reactive to toxoplasmosis, and 3.6% presented IgM seropositivity. At ophthalmic evaluation ten women had ocular lesions and one infant presented eye lesions and brain calcification. The presence of anti-T.gondii specific IgM throughout the entire pregnancy did not characterize acute phase infection, for this, complementary tests were necessary. The importance is underscored for attendance of the newborn of mothers presenting serology compatible with this infection even in the absence of signs and symptoms of congenital toxoplasmosis.
An algorithm for the decomposition of finite languages

In this paper, an algorithm for the decomposition of a finite language is presented. The goal is to represent a finite language as a product (catenation) of two languages. This problem is thought to be intractable, although its NP-hardness has not been proven. The algorithm is based on checking through some subsets of the states of a minimal acyclic DFA. We also investigate two additional algorithms: the first is based on the use of integer linear programming, and the second is based on finding cliques in a graph. It appears that the latter approaches are inappropriate in terms of time consumption. The experiments have been performed for dozens of languages, and our results are reported.
A significant percentage of CD20‐positive TILs correlates with poor prognosis in patients with primary cutaneous malignant melanoma

mal tumors (GISTs) on prostate needle biopsy: a clinicopathologic study of 8 cases. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 2006; 30; 1389– 1395. 7. Lee CH, Liang CW, Espinosa I. The utility of discovered on gastrointestinal stromal tumor 1 (DOG1) antibody in surgical pathology – the GIST of it. Adv. Anat. Pathol. 2010; 17; 222– 232. 8. Gaudin PB, Rosai J, Epstein JI. Sarcomas and related proliferative lesions of specialized prostatic stroma: a clinicopathologic study of 22 cases. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 1998; 22; 148–162.
Dickkopf‐1 expression is down‐regulated during the colorectal adenoma–carcinoma sequence and correlates with reduced microvessel density and VEGF expression

Dickkopf‐1 (Dkk1), an antagonist of the Wnt–β‐catenin signalling pathway, has been reported to play a role in cancer progression. However, little is known about the role of Dkk1 during the colorectal adenoma–carcinoma sequence. This study aimed to elucidate the role of Dkk1 in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer.
CONFIABILIDADE E VALIDADE DAS MEDIDAS DA CIFOSE TORÁCICA ATRAVÉS DO MÉTODO FLEXICURVA

Reliability and validity of thoracic kyphosis measurements using flexicurve method Background: Thoracic hyperkyphosis is one of the most common postural abnormalities. It is defined as increased thoracic curvature in the sagittal plan of the vertebral column. Normal kyphosis may range from 20o to 50o according to Cobb’s radiographic method. The radiographic method is the most popular kyphosis measuring method, but because it is an expensive method and it exposes the individual to radiation, it is not the most appropriate method for periodic patient follow-up. Routine clinical examinations such as physiotherapeutic evaluation of thoracic kyphosis need to be valid, reliable, sensitive, practical and cheap. Objective: To investigate the comparative validity and the intra and inter-rater reliability of thoracic kyphosis measurements using the flexicurve method. Method: This was a cross-sectional study in which the thoracic kyphosis of 56 people was evaluated from sagittal radiography of the thoracic column using Cobb’s method and by means of the flexicurve method, by two evaluators. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between the measurements from the Cobb and flexicurve methods was 0.906. For diagnosing thoracic hyperkyphosis, the sensitivity was 85% and the specificity was 97%. Conclusion: The flexicurve method was shown to be a suitable quantitative clinical method for measuring the curvature of thoracic kyphosis.
Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphomas with 6p25.3 rearrangement exhibit particular histological features

CD30‐positive primary cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders include several entities with differing clinical presentation but overlapping histological features, including lymphomatoid papulosis and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (C‐ALCL). DUSP22–IRF4 locus translocation is present in 20–57% of C‐ALCLs, and has also been described in a series of 11 lymphomatoid papulosis patients, where it was associated with a particular biphasic histological pattern, including pagetoid reticulosis‐type epidermal infiltration. We aimed to study whether the presence of this translocation may define distinctive histological features in C‐ALCL.
Differentiation reprogramming in gastric intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia: role of SOX2 and CDX2

Intestinal metaplasia (IM), which results from de‐novo expression of CDX2, and dysplasia are precursor lesions of gastric cancer that are associated with an increased risk for cancer development. There is much evidence suggesting a role for the transcription factor SOX2 in gastric differentiation. The aim of this study was to attempt to establish the relationship of SOX2 with CDX2 and with the differentiation reprogramming that characterizes gastric carcinogenesis, to assess their involvement in IM and dysplasia.
Pathological study of diabetic Nephropathy based on renal Biopsy: A prospective Study

Background of the Study, Aims & Objectives: There are few studies on the histological patterns of diabetic nephropathy in this environment on a prospective basis. This study is important because of the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy in this environment. The aim of this study was to show the renal histological features among Nigerian diabetics. Subjects, Method and Materials: Fifty-five diabetics with proteinuria had their medical records reviewed. Tissues from renal biopsies were processed and examined for histological lesions. Quantitative data was analyzed with the student's t-test and X 2 analysis. Results: Fifty-five patients, 35 males and 20 females, formed the study group out of the 138 diabetics screened (77 males and 61 females); majority 47 (85%) had type 2 while eight (15%) had type 1 diabetes mellitus. The frequency of occurrence of clinical diabetic nephropathy was 39.9%. Twenty-five (45.5%) of the patients had biopsy specimens with varying degrees of glomerular obsolescence. The frequency of occurrence of nodular and diffuse glomerulosclerosis was 20% and 98.1% respectively. Armani-Ebstein lesion was rare among the patients studied. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in the study population. The frequency of occurrence of nodular and diffuse glomerulosclerosis among the diabetics studied was 20% and 98.1% respectively. KEY WORDS: Diabetes Nephropathy, Renal Biopsy, Pathological Study. [Nig J Clinical Practice Vol.5(1) 2002: 5-9]
High expression of transcriptional factor HoxB9 predicts poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma

HoxB9, as a Hox family member, is known to play important roles in embryonic development. Recent studies showed that HoxB9 is engaged in cancer progression. However, the role of Hoxb9 in lung adenocarcinoma is unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression and prognostic value of HoxB9 in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
Relation-changing modal operators

We study dynamic modal operators that can change the accessibility relation of a model during the evaluation of a formula. In particular, we extend the basic modal language with modalities that are able to delete, add or swap an edge between pairs of elements of the domain. We define a generic framework to characterize this kind of operations. First, we investigate relation-changing modal logics as fragments of classical logics. Then, we use the new framework to get a suitable notion of bisimulation for the logics introduced, and we investigate their expressive power. Finally, we show that the complexity of the model checking problem for the particular operators introduced is PSpace-complete, and we study two subproblems of model checking: formula complexity and program complexity.
Which factors determine the need for oxygen supplementation during exercise training in patients with COPD

Aim : To analyse the differences between patients with COPD who need oxygen supplementation (OS) or not during high intensity exercise training (ET); and to identify which factors influence this need. Methods : Thirty-two patients with COPD were assessed concerning lung function (spirometry), respiratory muscle strength (manovacuometry) and exercise capacity (Incremental Shuttle Walking Test [ISWT] and 6-Minute Walking Test [6MWT]). Further, patients were included in a high-intensity ET program (3 times/week, 12 weeks), and divided into 2 groups: those who needed oxygen supplementation (G_O2 n=10) or not (G_notO2 n=22) during the first week of ET. Results : Compared with G_notO2, G_O2 group had worse airway obstruction (FEV1 26[21-28] vs 52[26-65] %pred), maximum expiratory pressure (PEmax 79[53-91] vs 104[90-115] %pred) and exercise capacity (ISWT 295±21 vs 444±43m; 6MWT %pred of 68[58-72] vs 80[67-86])( P <0.05 for all). Regression model included variables which were more strongly associated with the oxygen need during the ET according to the Chi-square test ( P <0.20): PEmax in absolute values ( P =0.02) and 6MWT %pred ( P =0.03). In the regression analysis, only 6MWT distance (%pred) was determinant of oxygen need during ET (prevalence ratio=8.1; P =0.03). Conclusion : Patients with COPD who need OS during high-intensity ET have worse lung function, expiratory muscle force and exercise capacity in comparison to patients who do not need it. The prevalence ratio for patients with more markedly impaired exercise capacity assessed by the 6MWT to need oxygen supplementation during high-intensity ET is 8.1 times higher than patients with better performance in the test.
Wpływ terapii PNF na proces poprawy motorycznej u pacjentów po niedokrwiennym udarze mózgu zlokalizowanym w lewej półkuli w okresie ostrym rehabilitacji

1Katedra Neurologii Wydziału Lekarskiego w Katowicach Śląskiego Uniwersystetu Medycznego w Katowicach 2Katedra Fizjoterapii Wyższej Szkoły Biznesu w Dąbrowie Górniczej 3Zakład Medycyny Sportowej i Fizjologii Wysiłku Fizycznego Wydziału Nauk o Zdrowiu Śląskiego Uniwersystetu Medycznego w Katowicach 4Katedra i Klinika Rehabilitacji Wydziału Nauk o Zdrowiu Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Katowicach 5Katedra i Klinika Neurochirurgii Wydziału Lekarskiego w Katowicach Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Katowicach
Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants.

BACKGROUND Mother-infant separation postbirth is common in Western culture. Early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) begins ideally at birth and involves placing the naked baby, head covered with a dry cap and a warm blanket across the back, prone on the mother's bare chest. According to mammalian neuroscience, the intimate contact inherent in this place (habitat) evokes neurobehaviors ensuring fulfillment of basic biological needs. This time may represent a psychophysiologically 'sensitive period' for programming future physiology and behavior. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of early SSC on breastfeeding, physiological adaptation, and behavior in healthy mother-newborn dyads. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (30 November 2011), made personal contact with trialists, and consulted the bibliography on kangaroo mother care (KMC) maintained by Dr. Susan Ludington. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized controlled trials comparing early SSC with usual hospital care. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. Study authors were contacted for additional information. MAIN RESULTS Thirty-four randomized controlled trials were included involving 2177 participants (mother-infant dyads). Data from more than two trials were available for only eight outcome measures. For primary outcomes, we found a statistically significant positive effect of early SSC on breastfeeding at one to four months postbirth (13 trials; 702 participants) (risk ratio (RR) 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06 to 1.53, and SSC increased breastfeeding duration (seven trials; 324 participants) (mean difference (MD) 42.55 days, 95% CI -1.69 to 86.79) but the results did not quite reach statistical significance (P = 0.06). Late preterm infants had better cardio-respiratory stability with early SSC (one trial; 31 participants) (MD 2.88, 95% CI 0.53 to 5.23). Blood glucose 75 to 90 minutes following the birth was significantly higher in SSC infants (two trials, 94 infants) (MD 10.56 mg/dL, 95% CI 8.40 to 12.72). The overall methodological quality of trials was mixed, and there was high heterogeneity for some outcomes. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Limitations included methodological quality, variations in intervention implementation, and outcomes. The intervention appears to benefit breastfeeding outcomes, and cardio-respiratory stability and decrease infant crying, and has no apparent short- or long-term negative effects. Further investigation is recommended. To facilitate meta-analysis, future research should be done using outcome measures consistent with those in the studies included here. Published reports should clearly indicate if the intervention was SSC with time of initiation and duration and include means, standard deviations and exact probability values.
Collisional quenching of A 2Σ+ OH at elevated temperatures

Thermally averaged cross sections σQ for collisional quenching of the A 2Σ+ state of the OH molecule have been measured near 1100 K. The OH was produced and detected in a laser pyrolysis/laser fluorescence experiment, in which a mixture of SF6, H2O2, and the collision partner M was heated by a pulsed CO2 laser. Thermal decomposition of the peroxide produces OH which is then excited by a tunable laser; the real‐time decay of the fluorescence signal at different pressures of M furnishes σQ. These σQ at elevated temperatures are generally less than the room temperature values. This result, the size of σQ, and its variation with M suggest the importance of attractive forces in the collisional quenching. The experimental results have been compared with a theoretical calculation of σQ based on multipole attractive forces with a repulsive centrifugal barrier. Good correlation is obtained for eight of the 11 quenchers studied; the experimental values of σQ for N2 and SF6 are conspicuously low.
hort communication lass 1 integron gene cassettes in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in outhern China

Non-duplicate multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (n = 1447) isolated from January 2008 to December 2009 were investigated for the presence of integrons as well as characterisation of gene cassettes. Among 825 strains carrying the class 1 integrase gene intI1, 461 gene cassette-positive isolates were found. Thirty-eight distinct gene cassette arrays were identified by restriction fragment length polyntegrons ene cassettes ultidrug-resistant morphism (RFLP) and DNA sequencing analyses. In addition, several novel gene cassette arrays detected in this study were reported for the first time in some species: one in Escherichia coli, six in Klebsiella pneumoniae, six in Enterobacter cloacae, three in Enterobacter aerogenes, one in Proteus mirabilis, one in Acinetobacter spp. , one in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and one in Pseudomonas putida. Among them, three cassettes, including HAD-like, MFS-1 and qnrVC-like genes, were originally detected in integrons.