Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification and distribution of a novel Malassezia species yeast on normal equine skin

This study aimed to investigate the distribution of Malassezia species yeasts on the skin of healthy horses. Acetate tape samples were obtained from the lip, axilla, interbulbar region, groin and anus of 12 healthy horses. The samples were stained and examined microscopically and sites harbouring yeast-like organisms were identified. Contact plates were applied to the skin at these sites and cultured at 26°C and 32°C. No growth was obtained on horse blood, Sabouraud's dextrose or modified Dixon's agar. A pure growth of a Malassezia-type organism was obtained on Sabouraud's dextrose agar enriched with oleic acid when it was incubated at 30°C. It was identified by 26S ribosomal DNA D1/D2 sequence analysis as a member of the genus Malassezia, and most closely related to Malassezia sympodialis. However, the level of sequence divergence indicated that it was a novel species.
Neuronal Release of Serotonin in the Cerebellum of Behaving Rats: An In Vivo Microdialysis Study

Abstract: Release of endogenous serotonin [5‐hydroxy‐tryptamine (5‐HT)] in the cerebellum of awake rats was characterized using in vivo microdialysis. 5‐HT output was increased (∼70%) by local application of KCl (100 mM) and was reduced (∼60%) by both tetrodotoxin (0.5 µM) and omission of Ca2+ from the perfusion fluid. 5‐HT release was decreased (∼70%) by the selective 5‐HT1A agonist 8‐hydroxy‐2‐(di‐n‐propylamino)tetralin (0.25 mg/kg, s.c.), and this effect was rapidly reversed by a selective 5‐HT1A antagonist, N‐[2‐[4‐(2‐methoxyphenyl)‐1‐piperazinyl]ethyl]‐N‐(2‐pyridinyl)cyclohexane‐carboxamide trihydrochloride (WAY‐100635; 0.1 mg/kg, i.p.). These results indicate that a large portion of the measurable 5‐HT output in the cerebellum is of neuronal origin, is dependent on impulse flow, and is sensitive to 5‐HT1A autoreceptor activation. Further studies examined the relationship between 5‐HT levels and general activity of the animals across the light‐dark transition and during behavioral manipulations. Both 5‐HT levels and behavioral activity were significantly elevated during the dark period, with changes in 5‐HT efflux closely paralleling changes in activity. Similar increases (∼40%) in 5‐HT output were observed during both feeding and feeding in the presence of a stressor (tail pinch). These findings suggest that behavioral state is an important factor determining neuronal 5‐HT release in cerebellum under physiological conditions.
Genome‐wide association study knowledge‐driven pathway analysis of alcohol dependence implicates the calcium signaling pathway

Background Alcohol dependence (AD) is a serious and common public health problem. The identification of genes that contribute to the AD variation will improve our understanding of the genetic mechanism underlying this complex disease. Previous genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) and candidate gene genetic association studies identified individual genes as candidates for alcohol phenotypes, but efforts to generate an integrated view of accumulative genetic variants and pathways under alcohol drinking are lacking. Methods We applied enrichment gene set analysis to existing genetic association results to identify pertinent pathways to AD in this study. A total of 1 438 SNPs (P <1.0×10‐3) associated to alcohol drinking related traits have been collected from 31 studies (10 candidate gene association studies, 19 GWAS of SNPs, and 2 GWAS of copy number variants). Results Among all of the KEGG pathways, the calcium signaling pathway (hsa04020) showed the most significant enrichment of associations (21 genes) to alcohol consumption phenotypes (P=5.4×10‐5). Furthermore, the calcium signaling pathway is the only pathway that turned out to be significant after multiple test adjustments, achieving Bonferroni P value of 0.8×10‐3 and FDR value of 0.6×10‐2, respectively. Interestingly, the calcium signaling pathway was previously found to be essential to regulate brain function, and genes in this pathway link to a depressive effect of alcohol consumption on the body. Conclusions Our findings, together with previous biological evidence, suggest the importance of gene polymorphisms of calcium signaling pathway to AD susceptibility. Still, further investigations are warranted to uncover the role of this pathway in AD and related traits.
PENGARUH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS DAN LIKUIDITAS PADA PERUSAHAAN TOBACCO MANUFACTURES

This research is meant to find out how the analysis of influence of Corporate Social Responsibility has influence to the financial performance of the company. Corporate Social Responsibility is the activity of the company in achieving the balance among the aspects i.e.: economic, environment and social without ignoring the expectation of the stakeholders. The financial performance in this research is measured by using Return on Equity (ROE) and Current Ratio (CR). The sample of the research has been done by using purposive sampling technique and the samples are 3 tobacco manufactures which are consecutively listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010-2014. The audit of financial report and annual report are obtained from the Indo-Exchange File (IDX). The hypothesis test in this researchis using simple regression analysis to test the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosureto Return on Equity (ROE) and Current Rasio (CR). In this research the independent variabel is the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) meanwhile the dependent variabel is Retun on Equity (ROE) and Current Rasio (CR). The result of this research shows that Corporate Social Responsibility has significant influence to the Return on Equity (ROE) and Corporate Social Responsibility has significant influence to the Current Ratio (CR). Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, Return on Equity, Current Ratio
Identi fi cation of apoB-100 Peptide-Speci fi c CD 8 + T Cells in Atherosclerosis

Background-—T cells are found in atherosclerotic plaques, with evidence supporting a potential role for CD8+ T cells in atherogenesis. Prior studies provide evidence of low-density lipoprotein and apoB-100 reactive T cells, yet specific epitopes relevant to the disease remain to be defined. The current study was undertaken to identify and characterize endogenous, antigenspecific CD8+ T cells in atherosclerosis.
Trading in Style: Retail Investors vs. Institutions

We examine the comparative trading performance of retail investors using an exhaustive sample of trades made by all investors in a stock market. Retail investors trade systematically at better prices than institutions, especially domestic institutions. We also find evidence of retail investors having a comparative advantage when trading stocks in their preferred trading style. These findings are consistent with retail investors rationally utilizing their trading flexibility and information made available to them. Based on a population of retail trades, our findings challenge the stereotype arising from earlier studies that retail investors are noise traders.
Mixed Anxiety and Depression in Older Adults: Clinical Characteristics and Management

The frequent comorbidity of anxiety and depression, particularly among elderly, is widely recognized by clinicians, but the debate continues as to whether the combined diagnostic designation is merited. This article reviews the debate over the mixed diagnosis, discusses treatment implications, and reviews a small treatment study undertaken with elderly patients. Ten community-dwelling, older adults diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder and subsyndromal depression (n = 6) or generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder (n = 4) were started on a 12-week, open-label trial of nefazodone. Clinicians’ ratings on the Clinical Global Impression of Change and patients’ self-ratings of symptoms on the Beck Depression Inventory and the Beck Anxiety Inventory identified statistically significant gains in patients’ overall pre/post functioning. Nefazodone was efficacious in symptom alleviation in patients with comorbid anxiety and depression. Further double-blind, randomized investigations with newer antidepressant medications are required to extend these preliminary findings with nefazodone.
Empowering the Community to Manage Diabetes Better: An Integrated Partnership-Based Model

Context : Rising number of diabetes cases in India calls for collaboration between the public and private sectors. Aims: Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) partnered with Eli Lilly and Company (India) [Eli Lilly] to strengthen the capacity of their diabetes clinics. Materials and Methods : Medical Officers, dispensaries and Assistant Medical Officers (AMOs) located at attached health posts were trained on an educational tool, Diabetes Conversation Map™ (DCM) by a Master Trainer. This tool was then used to educate patients and caregivers visiting the MCGM diabetes clinics. Results : Twenty-eight centers conducted 168 sessions, and 1616 beneficiaries availed the education over six months. General feedback from health providers was that DCM helps clear misconceptions among patients and caregivers in an interactive way and also improves compliance of patients. Conclusions : This communication highlights a unique public-private partnership where the sincere efforts of public sector organization (MCGM) were complemented by the educational expertise lent by a private firm.
Comparison of Core Needle Biopsy and Surgical Specimens in Determining Intrinsic Biological Subtypes of Breast Cancer with Immunohistochemistry

Purpose We evaluated the concordance between core needle biopsy (CNB) and surgical specimens on examining intrinsic biological subtypes and receptor status, and determined the accuracy of CNB as a basic diagnostic method. Methods We analyzed breast cancer patients with paired CNB and surgical specimen samples during 2014. We used monoclonal antibodies for nuclear staining, and estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status evaluation. A positive test was defined as staining greater than or equal to 1% of tumor cells. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) was graded by immunohistochemistry and scored as 0 to 3+ according to the recommendations of the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists. Ki-67 immunostaining was performed using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67, and the results were divided at 10% intervals. The cutoff value for high Ki-67 was defined as 20%. Concordance analysis of ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67, and five intrinsic biological subtypes was performed on CNB and surgical specimens. Statistical analysis for concordance was calculated using κ-tests. Results We found very good agreement for ER and PR with a concordance of 96.7% for ER (κ=0.903), and 94.3% for PR (κ=0.870). HER2 and Ki-67 showed concordance rates of 84.8% (κ=0.684) and 83.5% (κ=0.647), respectively, which were interpreted as good agreement. Five subgroups analysis showed 85.8% agreement and κ-value of 0.786, also indicating good agreement. Conclusion CNB showed high diagnostic accuracy compared with surgical specimens, and good agreement for ER, PR, HER2, and Ki-67. Our findings reaffirmed the recommendation of CNB as an initial procedure for breast cancer diagnosis, and the assessment of receptor status and intrinsic biological subtypes to determine further treatment plans.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS’ DISCLOSURE IN CANADIAN PUBLICLY-LISTED CORPORATIONS

This article contributes to the growing body of literature exploring the important role that information transparency plays in strengthening the national corporate governance regime. We review the 2007 amendments to the Canadian reporting legislation with the particular emphasis on sections pertaining to executive compensation and boards of directors. Taking into consideration the specificities of the „comply-or-explain‟ system in Canada, we seek to uncover the extent to which publicly-listed firms comply with these newly amended standards of corporate governance reporting. Based on a comparison of 403 proxy circulars issued in the post-amendment period, we identified important cross-firm variations in the type and format of disclosed information on executive compensation and corporate boards of directors. In order to address the problems that inter-organizational disclosure discrepancies generate for governance researchers and analysts, we provide several recommendations on how Canadian publicly-traded companies can improve their reporting practices.
Suppressing angiotensinogen synthesis attenuates kidney cyst formation in a Pkd1 mouse model

Activation of the intrarenal renin angiotensin system (RAS) is believed to play an important role in the development of hypertension and cystogenesis in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Results of clinical studies testing RAS inhibitors in slowing the progression of cystic disease in ADPKD are inconclusive, and we hypothesized that current RAS inhibitors do not adequately suppress intrarenal RAS. For this study, we compared a novel Gen 2 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that inhibits angiotensinogen (Agt) synthesis to lisinopril in adult conditional Pkd1 systemic‐knockout mice, a model of ADPKD. Six weeks after Pkd1 global gene knockout, the mice were treated with Agt‐ASO (66 mg/kg/wk), lisinopril (100 mg/kg/d), PBS (control), or scrambled ASO (66 mg/kg/wk) for 10 wk, followed by tissue collection. Agt ASO resulted in significant reduction in plasma, liver, and kidney Agt, and increased kidney renin compared with control treatments. Kidneys from Agt‐ASO‐treated mice were not as enlarged and showed reduced cystic volume compared with lisinopril or control treatments. Blood pressure was better controlled with lisinopril than with Agt‐ASO. Agt‐ASO suppressed cell proliferation in both cystic and noncystic cells compared with lisinopril and control treatments. However, Agt‐ASO did not reduce cell proliferation in liver, which indicates that Agt‐ASO targets cell signaling pathways that specifically suppresses cystogenesis in the kidney. These data suggest that Agt‐ASO effectively attenuates intrarenal RAS and therefore can be a novel and effective agent for treating ADPKD. —Saigusa, T. , Dang, Y. , Mullick, A.E. , Yeh, S.T. , Zile, M.R. , Baicu, C. F. , Bell, P. D. Suppressing angiotensinogen synthesis attenuates kidney cyst formation in a Pkd1 mouse model. FASEB J. 30, 370‐379 (2016). www.fasebj. org
KEMAMPUAN PROFITABILITAS MEMODERASI PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti secara empiris mengenai dampak profitabilitas terhadap pengaruh antara likuiditas dan leverage pada fi- nancial distress . Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2009 sampai dengan 2013 dengan to- tal sampel 565 perusahaan. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan alat pengujian yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa likuiditas berpengaruh negatif terhadap financial distress , leverage berpengaruh positif terhadap financial distress , profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh terhadap financial distress, variabel profitabilitas mampu memoderasi hubungan antara likuiditas terhadap financial distress , variabel profitabilitas mam- pu memoderasi hubungan antara leverage terhadap financial distress.
Resistance of C58 mice to primary systemic herpes simplex virus infection: macrophage dependence and T-cell independence

The relative contribution of thymus-derived lymphocytes (T-cells) and of macrophages to resistance to primary infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) was studied in C58 mice. Resistance was dependent on macrophage competence, but was relatively independent of T-lymphocyte competence. Although aging mice became progressively more deficient in functional T-cells, as demonstrated by a decreasing resistance to transplanted line Ib leukemia and by declining responses to T-cell nitogens (concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin), their resistance to HSV-1 increased with increasing age. Moreover, in mice that were made selectively deficient in T-cells by the combination of adult thymectomy and treatment with anti-thymocyte serum, resistance to HSV-1 did not correlate spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes. However, selective reduction of macrophages by intraperitoneal injection of silica resulted in enhanced susceptibility to HSV-1. Furthermore, in vitro suppression of HSV-1 plaque formation in mouse embryo fibroblast cells was obtained by cocultivation of infected fibroblast monolayers with peritoneal macrophages, but not with splenic lymphocytes, from adult mice. Macrophages from weanling mice failed to suppress the development of plaques, indicating that the increase in resistance to HSV-1 with age is a result of increased macrophage competence.
Alternative Splicing of the β4 Subunit Has α1 Subunit Subtype-Specific Effects on Ca2+ Channel Gating

Ca2+ channel β subunits are important molecular determinants of the kinetics and voltage dependence of Ca2+ channel gating. Through direct interactions with channel-forming α1 subunits, β subunits enhance expression levels, accelerate activation, and have variable effects on inactivation. Four distinct β subunit genes each encode five homologous sequence domains (D1–5), three of which (D1, D3, and D5) undergo alternative splicing. We have isolated from human spinal cord a novel alternatively spliced β4 subunit containing a short form of domain D1 (β4a) that is highly homologous to N termini of Xenopus and rat β3subunits. The purpose of this study was to compare the gating properties of various α1 subunit complexes containing β4a with those of complexes containing a β4subunit with a longer form of domain D1, β4b. Expression in Xenopus oocytes revealed that, relative to α1A and α1B complexes containing β4b, the voltage dependence of activation and inactivation of complexes containing β4a were shifted to more depolarized potentials. Moreover, α1A and α1B complexes containing β4a inactivated at a faster rate. Interestingly, β4 subunit alternative splicing did not influence the gating properties of α1Cand α1E subunits. Experiments with β4deletion mutants revealed that both the N and C termini of the β4 subunit play critical roles in setting voltage-dependent gating parameters and that their effects are α1 subunit specific. Our data are best explained by a model in which distinct modes of activation and inactivation result from β-subunit splice variant-specific interactions with an α1 subunit gating structure.
Nonoperative treatment of blunt injury to solid abdominal organs: a prospective study.

HYPOTHESIS Nonoperative management (NOM) of injuries to the liver, spleen, and kidney is highly successful, as shown in retrospective studies, but needs prospective validation. Patients in whom NOM is likely to fail can be identified by specific criteria. DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING Academic level I trauma center at a county hospital. PATIENTS Two hundred six patients with injuries to the liver (n = 99), spleen (n = 103), and/or kidney (n = 40). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Failure of NOM. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients (28%) underwent immediate operation; among the other 149, NOM failed in 33 (22%). The rate of failure for spleen injury (34%) was higher than for liver (17%) or kidney injury (18%) (P<.01). Failure of NOM was due to delayed bleeding from a solid viscus in 20 of the 33 patients. Intestinal injury was detected in only 1 patient initially selected for NOM. Specifically among patients with liver injury, no failure was due to delayed bleeding from the liver. Patients with failed NOM were more likely to have a positive abdominal ultrasonographic finding (61% vs 22%; P<.01), a grade of splenic injury of at least III on computed tomographic scan (CT) (n = 20 [17%] vs n = 16 [48%]; P<.01), and an amount of free fluid of greater than 300 mL on CT (36% vs 8%; P<.01) and to receive blood transfusions during NOM (58% vs 16%; P<.01). The groups were not different with regard to associated extra-abdominal injuries (including head injuries). Mortality was not different, but morbidity was marginally higher in patients with failed NOM (29% vs 45%; P =.08). We identified the following 4 independent risk factors of failure by means of stepwise logistic regression: nonliver (splenic or renal) injury, positive abdominal ultrasonography findings, amount of free fluid on CT of greater than 300 mL, and need for blood transfusion. According to a statistical model, the presence of all 4 independent risk factors predicted NOM failure in 96% of the patients, and the absence of all predicted success in 98%. CONCLUSIONS In a prospective study, the rate of NOM failure for solid abdominal organ injuries is higher than the rates reported in retrospective studies. Nonoperative management is less likely to fail in liver injuries than in splenic or kidney injuries. Use of NOM should be exercised with caution if blood transfusion is needed, fluid is identified on the screening ultrasonogram, or a significant quantity of blood is discovered on CT.
PENGARUH TAMBAHAN PENGHASILAN PEGAWAI (TPP) DAN KEMAMPUAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA BADAN PERENCANAAN, PENELITIAN DAN PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH (BAPPEDA) KABUPATEN MOROWALI

The aims of this research are: 1) to explain and analyze the simultaneous influence of employee income supplement and work capability on employees’ performance in The Agency of Planning, Research, and Regional Development (BAPPEDA), Morowali Regency, positively and significantly; 2) to wxplain and analyze the positive and significant influence of employee income supplement on employees’ performance; 3) to explain and analyze the positive and significant influence of employees’ capability on their performance. The type of this study is causal that is intended to see the influence between variables studied by involving 40 subjects selected through purposive sampling method. Based on multiple linear regression test, this study finds that: 1) employee income supplement and work capability simultaneously have positive and significant influence on employees’ performance in The Agency of Planning, Research, and regional Development (BAPPEDA), Morowali Regency; 2) employee income supplement has positive and significant influence on their performance.
Directly Managing Earnings by Deviating from Clear-Cut Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE) Impairment Rules

Mapping reported PPE impairment amounts (i.e. write-downs and reversals) to only valid directions in legitimate triggers specified under benchmark impairment rules (IAS 36 and SFAS #144), I investigate whether managers’ impairment decisions are justified. Finding evidence of nonconformity to rules, I quantify this as ORAI (i.e. opportunistic reporting of asset impairment) and document that target beating, smoothing, small profits, and other managerial intents drive ORAI while governance mechanisms mitigate it. I find evidence of ‘earnings management (EM) planning’ in jurisdictions allowing both write-downs and reversals such that the write-down tool achieves downward EM in period t but is followed in future periods by upward EM achieved via the reversal tool. I consider this as incremental contribution to literature, but a more novel contribution which this study brings is the linking of managers’ reversals decisions to impairment rules to detect impairment rules deviators.
Experimental evidence for two gaps in the high-temperature La1.83Sr0.17CuO4 superconductor.

The in-plane magnetic field penetration depth (lambda(ab)) in single-crystal La1.83Sr0. 17CuO4 was investigated by muon-spin rotation (muSR). The temperature dependence of lambda(ab)(-2) has an inflection point around 10-15 K, suggesting the presence of two superconducting gaps: a large gap (Delta(1)(d)) with d-wave and a small gap (Delta(2)(s)) with s-wave symmetry. The zero-temperature values of the gaps at mu(0)H=0.02 T were found to be Delta(1)(d)(0)=8.2(1) meV and Delta(2)(s)(0)=1.57(8) meV.