Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cash Holdings and Corporate Diversification: Evidence From Nordic Companies

We examine the relationship between diversification and corporate liquidity in Nordic firms. The significant findings of this paper show that multidivisional firms hold less cash relative to their stand-alone counterpart due to diversification in their investment opportunities and cash flows. Mainly through a higher correlation between investment opportunity and cash flow, but also higher cross-divisional correlations in cash flow results in lower cash holdings, even after controlling for determinants such as cash flow volatility. Furthermore, we find that the most substantial effects apply to firms that are financially constrained. As a whole, the results provide an efficient link between corporate liquidity and diversification in the Nordic universe. 0962885 0944805 GRA 19703
CXCL9 regulates acetaminophen-induced liver injury via CXCR3

Drug-induced liver injury has become a serious public health problem. Although the mechanism of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury has been studied for decades it has not been fully elucidated. In-depth study into the mechanisms underlying APAP-induced liver injury may provide useful information for more effective prevention and treatment. In the present study, the role of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-9 (CXCL9) in APAP-induced liver injury was investigated thus providing a novel direction for the prevention and treatment of drug hepatitis. A total of 20 fasting male patients ingested APAP tablets at Nanjing First Hospital. In addition, wild type (WT) mice were treated with 250 mg/kg APAP or isodose PBS for 1, 3, 6 and 12 h, respectively. Results from reverse-transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses demonstrated that CXCL9 mRNA levels were increased in the blood of patients who took APAP in a fasting state and in the livers of APAP-treated WT mice, compared with their respective controls. Hepatocyte apoptosis in the liver tissue of APAP-treated mice decreased following administration of a CXCL9 neutralizing antibody. Caspase-3, caspase-8 and phosphorylated-AKT (S437) were activated in primary hepatocytes isolated from WT mice following CXCL9 treatment. However, no significant differences in expression of caspase-3, caspase-8 and p-AKT (S437) were detected in hepatocytes isolated from C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3)−/− mice following CXCL9 treatment. After CXCL9 administration, WT mice exhibited higher serum levels of aspartate transaminase and increased caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity in liver tissue compared with controls. The same trends were not observed in CXCR3−/− mice. In conclusion, CXCL9 regulated APAP-induced liver injury through stimulation of hepatocyte apoptosis via binding to CXCR3. These findings provide a novel prevention and treatment strategy for DILI.
NDT_A_206154 1797..1804

1School of Medicine, Collage of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 2Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 3Department of Child Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 4Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 5Humanistic & Social Medicine Division, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Language-Agnostic Visual-Semantic Embeddings

This paper proposes a framework for training language-invariant cross-modal retrieval models. We also introduce a novel character-based word-embedding approach, allowing the model to project similar words across languages into the same word-embedding space. In addition, by performing cross-modal retrieval at the character level, the storage requirements for a text encoder decrease substantially, allowing for lighter and more scalable retrieval architectures. The proposed language-invariant textual encoder based on characters is virtually unaffected in terms of storage requirements when novel languages are added to the system. Our contributions include new methods for building character-level-based word-embeddings, an improved loss function, and a novel cross-language alignment module that not only makes the architecture language-invariant, but also presents better predictive performance. We show that our models outperform the current state-of-the-art in both single and multi-language scenarios. This work can be seen as the basis of a new path on retrieval research, now allowing for the effective use of captions in multiple-language scenarios. Code is available at \url{https://github.com/jwehrmann/lavse}.
Comparison Between Four Detection Algorithms For GEO Objects

In order to cope with the space debris problem, Four detection algorithms for GEO objects are being developed under the collaboration between Kyushu University, IHI corporation and JAXA. Each algorithm is designed to process CCD images to detect GEO objects. All four algorithms analyzed the same sets of data to evaluate their advantages and disadvantages. By comparing their analysis times and results, an optimum usage of these algorithms was considered.
Comprehensive Testing of Linearity against the Smooth Transition Autoregressive Model

This paper examines the null limit distribution of the quasi-likelihood ratio (QLR) statistic that tests linearity condition using the smooth transition autoregressive (STAR) model. We explicitly show that the QLR test statistic weakly converges to a functional of a Gaussian stochastic process under the null of linearity by resolving the issue of twofold identification meaning that Daviesâ€™s (1977, 1987) identification problem arises in two different ways under the null. We illustrate our theory using the exponential STAR and logistic STAR models and also conduct Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, we test for neglected nonlinearity in the German money demand, growth rates of US unemployment, and German industrial production. These empirical examples also demonstrate that the QLR test statistic complements the linearity test of the Lagrange multiplier test statistic in Terasvirta (1994).
Prevalencia de diabetes tipo 2 e hipertensión arterial en adultos de nivel económico bajo de Monterrey, México

Antecedentes: la hiperglucemia es signo caracteristico de un grupo enfermedades, la diabetes tipo 2 abarca del 90 al 95% de los casos, y provoca alta morbilidad, e incapacidad e incluso muerte prematura. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, prediabetes y la de HA en adultos en area urbana de bajo nivel economico en Monterrey, Mexico. Metodo: estudio de corte transversal con seleccion aleatoria de adultos (hombres y mujeres no embarazadas ni lactando) en una comunidad de bajo nivel economico. Se obtuvo glucemia capilar y plasmatica en ayuno y 2h-poscarga oral de 75 g glucosa. Diagnosticos segun criterios del American Diabetes Association 2004. Se presenta prevalencia con intervalo de confianza (IC95%) y regresion multiple en inferencia de factores. Resultados: la prevalencia de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 fue 14.1% (9.6-18.6%), prediabetes 12.8% (8.5-17.1) y de hipertension arterial 26.24% (20.4-32.4%). La edad, el indice de masa corporal y genero justifican 38% de la variacion de la hipertension arterial (r = 0.616, todas p < 0.001); pero solo 5% (r = 0.23) de la variacion glucemica fue explicado por la edad (p < 0.01) y el indice de masa corporal (p < 0.05). Conclusiones: la prevalencia de hipertension arterial fue la esperada, pero la de diabetes mellitus 2 sugiere ser mas alta que en reportes previos. En esta poblacion la adiposidad no justifica la alta prevalencia de diabetes mellitus 2, ni de prediabetes. ABSTRACT Background: Hyperglycemia is a characteristic sign of several diseases. In the case of type 2 diabetes, it has an effect on 90 to 95% of the patients. It produces a high morbidity, incapacity and even death. Objective: To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes and hypertension in a low-income urban area in Monterrey, Mexico. Method: A random, cross-sectional study was done in a low-income urban population in Monterrey, Mexico. Patients who had participated in a baseline glycemic study from 1992 to 1993 were re-examined. The concentration of capillary and plasmatic glucose on fasting and two hour post-load oral glucose (75 g) were determined. The diagnoses were established following the criteria of the American Diabetes Association 2004. Multiple regression analyses were done to infer the factors related with glycemia; the confidence interval was 95%. Results: The type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence was 14.1%, pre-diabetes 12.8% and the one for hypertension was 26.24%. Age, body mass index and gender prognosticated in an independent manner the values of hypertension (p < 0.001). Glycemia was prognosticated based on age (p < 0.01) and body mass index (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Prevalence of type 2 diabetes was higher in low-income adult patients, but hypertension prevalence remained within normal parameters. In this population, the body mass index did not justify the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes nor that of pre-diabetes.
MODELING GOVERNMENTAL ACCOUNTING INNOVATIONS AN ASSESSMENT AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS

This paper provides an assessment of the current st ate of comparative international governmental accounting research (CIGAR) in terms o f contributions and critical issues. The continued expansion and refinement of the conti ngency model of governmental accounting innovations has served CIGAR well by giv ing researchers a common frame of reference. We suggest additional research in identi fying the attributes of governmental accounting systems, specifying innovations, tracing the processes of generating and implementing innovations, identifying the consequen ces of innovations, and studying the diffusion of innovations internationally. _____________________ Research in Governmental Nonprofit Accounting, Volume 9, pages 1-19. Copyright © 1996 by JAI Press Inc. All rights of reproduction in any form reserved. ISBN: 1-55938-055-1
ANALYZING THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF VOLATILITY COMPONENTS IN EMERGING MARKETS

In this paper, we decompose the total volatility of the average firm in an emerging market into volatility derived from the firm’s own idiosyncratic behavior (FIRM), volatility imparted from being part of an emerging markets group (EMKT), and volatility from the domestic-level influences (COUNTRY). Using a sample of eighteen emerging markets over the period January 1995 to December 2000, we find a significant upward trend in all three volatility components. Apart from FIRM accounting for much of the total volatility, we find an increase in the share of COUNTRY against a fall in the share of FIRM after the Asian Crisis. We also find evidence of bilateral causality between EMKT and COUNTRY. Interestingly, our results suggest that the Asian Crisis had a significant effect on all eighteen emerging markets in our sample, whereas the effects of the Mexican Peso Crisis are only confined to the Latin American markets.
econstor Make Your Publications Visible . A Service of zbw

Religion and Depression in Adolescence* The probability of being depressed increases dramatically during adolescence and is linked to a range of adverse outcomes. Many studies show a correlation between religiosity and mental health, yet the question remains whether the link is causal. The key issue is selection into religiosity. We exploit plausibly random variation in adolescents’ peers to shift religiosity independently of other individual-level unobservables that might affect depression. Using a nationally representative sample of adolescents in the US, we find robust effects of religiosity on depression, that are particularly strong for the most depressed. These effects are not a result of social context. Instead, we find that religiosity buffers against stressors, possibly through improved social and psychological resources. This has implications especially for effective mental health policy. JEL Classification: I10, Z12
PARENTS' FEAR AND DISTRESS DURING CHILD INPATIENT CARE

Hospitalization of child is one of the most stressful events of life for parents and children. This fear and stress may affect the process of treatment. Since there is no information available about the source of distress and needs of Iranian parents during the inpatient care of their children, we designed a research in order to discover the main source of worries and fears among parents. In this cross-sectional study 120 parents of 88 children were interviewed by structured questionnaire during the course of events when their child needed inpatient care. Twenty close ended questions were asked in order to assess the major source of worries and distress. Factor analyses were used as a statistical test for data analysis. The rotated factors pattern isolated 7 factors that accounted for 61.60% of variances and their factor loading was above 0.5: 1) environment adjustment, 2) lack of prehospitalization program, 3) lack of communication skills of caregiver, 4) parental skills, 5) hospitalization expenses, 6) lose of independence and 7) lack of information. Other items of questionnaire were eliminated because their loading factors were less than 0.5. This finding suggests parents’ education before and during the child inpatient care as a major need of parents. By parents education there is a chance of reducing their worries and fear and improve their parental skills. Offering prehospitalization programs also provide a good opportunity for parents to ask questions from staff members and may help them to adjust themselves with new environment.
GUAYMAS BASIN SURVEY CRUISE LEG 3 , SITES 10 G AND 18 G 1

Results and discussion cover pigment analyses of 36 sediment samples recovered by Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 64, and six samples from the Leg 64 site-survey cruise in the Guaymas Basin (Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Leg 3). Pigments investigated were tetrapyrroles, tetraterpenoids, and the PAH compound perylene. Traces of mixed nickel and copper ETIO-porphyrins were ubiquitous in all sediment samples, except for the very surface (i.e., <2 m sub-bottom), and their presence is taken as an indication of minor influxes of previously oxidized allochthonous (terrestrial) organic matter. Phorbides and chlorins isolated from Site 479 sediment samples (i.e., the oxygen-minimum locale, northeast of the Guaymas Basin) well represent the reductive diagenesis ("Treibs Scheme"; see Baker and Palmer, 1978; Treibs, 1936) of chlorophyll derivatives. Three forms of pheophytin-a, plus a variety of phorbides, were found to give rise to freebase porphyrins, nickel phylloerythrin, and nickel porphyrins, with increasing depth of burial (increasing temperature). Sediments from Sites 481, 10G, and 18G yielded chlorophyll derivatives characteristic of early oxidative alterations. Included among these pigments are allomerized pheophytin-a, purpurin-18, and chlorin-p6. The high thermal gradient imposed upon the late Quaternary sediments of Site 477 greatly accelerated chlorophyll diagenesis in the adjacent overlying sediments, that is, the production of large quantities of free-base desoxophylloerythroetioporphyrin (DPEP) occurred in a section (477-7-5) presently only 49.8 meters sub-bottom. Present depth and age of these sediments are such that only chlorins and phorbides would be expected. Carotenoid (i.e., tetraterpenoids) concentrations were found to decrease rapidly with increasing sub-bottom depth. Less deeply buried sediments (e.g., 0-30 m) yielded mixtures of carotenes and oxygen-substituted carotenoids. Oxygencontaining (oxy-, oxo-, epoxy-) carotenoids were found to be lost preferentially with increased depth of burial. Early carotenoid diagenesis is suggested as involving interacting reductions and dehydrations whereby dehydro-, didehydro-, and retro-carotenes are generated. Destruction of carotenoids as pigments may involve oxidative cleavage of the isoprenoid chain through epoxy intermediates, akin to changes in the senescent cells of plants. Perylene was found to be a common component of the extractable organic matter from all sediments investigated. The generation of alkyl perylenes was found to parallel increases in the existing thermal regime at all sites. Igneous sills and sill complexes within the sediment profile of Site 481 altered (i.e., scrambled) the otherwise straightforward thermally induced alkylation of perylene. The degree of perylene alkylation is proposed as an indicator of geothermal stress for non-contemporaneous marine sediments.
Interactive comment on “ Impact of flow velocity on biochemical processes – a laboratory experiment ” by A . Boisson et al

We thank you very much for your careful consideration of our manuscript. We have made a concerted effort in our revisions to address your comments, which we found to be very constructive and helpful. It appears that most of the disagreements were due to a lack of explanations in the first version of our manuscript. We have made as well specific efforts for improving the readability of the manuscript with the help of a native English-speaker. In the revised version, extensive explanations have been added and some parts of the manuscript have been rewritten. Please find our detailed responses C5174
On the Imperfection Sensitivity of Thin-Walled Frames

The analysis of two L-frames made up by channel sections subjected to various constraint conditions has been performed in order to determine their buckling and postbuckling behaviour. The analysis has been carried out in the framework of the asymptotic bifurcation theory, using a one-dimensional nonlinear elastic beam model able to account for warping. For each case considered, the first two buckling loads have been determined, together with the associated eigenmodes. For the frames showing an asymmetric postbuckling behaviour only the initial slope of the bifurcated path has been determined. In case of symmetric behaviour, also the secondary modes and the initial curvatures of the bifurcated path have been evaluated. The effects of small initial imperfections have also been studied in order to estimate the real load carrying capacity of the frames for all the cases examined.
C O ] 1 6 O ct 2 01 1 Phenomenology of Gravitational Aether as a solution to the Old Cosmological Constant Problem

Siavash Aslanbeigi, 2, ∗ Georg Robbers, Brendan Z. Foster, Kazunori Kohri, 6 and Niayesh Afshordi 2, † Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline St. N. , Waterloo, ON, N2L 2Y5,Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85741 Garching, Germany Foundational Questions Institute, PO Box 3022, New York, NY 10163 Cosmophysics group, Theory Center, IPNS, KEK, and The University for Advanced Study (Sokendai), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
Assessments of harms in clinical trials

Introduction and Aims Healthcare interventions are usually associated with a risk of harmful events that must be balanced against the potential favorable outcomes. However reliable evidence on harms for interventions is often inadequate, and hampered by the many challenges that stem from the reporting, analysis and interpretation of harms data in clinical trials. This thesis addresses some of these issues. Methods Reporting of harms data is assessed in a systematic review of reviews and a case study investigating the additional value of harms data reported in clinical study reports (CSRs). A framework for searching and identifying relevant sources of harms data is outlined, and then explored further in a survey assessing current practices in clinical trial units (CTUs). Signal detection methods are introduced, and evaluated using simulated data to assess their performance when detecting safety signals in CTU databases. Results The systematic review highlights that the reporting of harms in RCTs is inconsistent, and often inadequate. In the case study, CSRs presented data on harms, including SAEs which are not reported or mentioned in publications, they also provide more detail about the design, conduct and analysis of the trial which facilitate the assessment of risk of bias in evidence synthesis. A wide range of sources for harms data have been identified, each with distinct strengths and limitations discussed. Selection of appropriate sources depends on the research question, and whether a hypothesis generating or hypothesis testing approach should be taken. Relevant sources have been identified for each approach, with examples of their exploitation in CTUs evaluated in the survey. The simulation study has shown that some of the current available signal detection methods are not able to control the false discovery rate well, and are only able to detect few safety signals for small or sparse data. Conclusions The work carried out within this thesis provides some recommendations to address the reporting, conduct, and analysis of harms in clinical trials. Wider adoption of recommendations made by the CONSORT-harms guideline will enhance the quality of reporting and improve subsequent evidence synthesis. Recent initiatives to promote open access to clinical trials data including CSRs is a major step towards supporting better data transparency. It is important to identify and consider different sources that are most likely to yield robust data on harms of interest, rather than relying on studies that cannot reliably detect harm. The survey identified published literature and systematic reviews as the most common source being used in the trial safety monitoring within CTUs. Signal detection methods are potentially unsuitable for use in CTUs. Further tools and guidelines for enhanced signal detection are needed in clinical trials.
A retrospective evaluation of patients with vitamin B12 deficiency

retrospective evaluation of patients with vitamin B12 deficiency Objective: Vitamin B12 deficiency mainly causes megaloblastic anemia and neurological abnormalities. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory features of patients with confirmed vitamin B12 deficiency, retrospectively. Material and Methods: Thirty-one patients who were admitted to Department of Internal Medicine of Afyon Kocatepe University Hospital and identified as having vitamin B12 deficiency were enrolled in the study. Data were obtained retrospectively from medical records, including the reason of investigating vitamin B12 levels, comorbidities, concomitant acute infection, hemoglobin level, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), leukocyte and platelet counts, and existence of iron deficiency anemia and folic acid deficiency. Results: The mean vitamin B12 level was 138.9±30.7 pg/ml, hemoglobin 9.3±2.0 g/dl, MCV 88.2±11.9 fL. Nine patients had iron deficiency anemia. In patients with iron deficiency anemia, MCV was significantly lower (P=0.041). While nine patients (29%) had acute infection, 3 patients presented with pancytopenia. Pancytopenia was significantly higher in patients with acute infection (P=0.023). The relation between B12 levels and other parameters was investigated. Only MCV levels had negative correlation with vitamin B12 levels (r=-0.450, P=0.011). Conclusion: Macrocytosis in our study group has been found to be low in accordance with previous studies. As in our investigation, although vitamin B12 deficiency may be reason for increased MCV, this rise may not always reach levels for macrocytosis. The concomitant iron deficiency anemia may be responsible for this situation. Consequently, vitamin B12 levels have to be investigated in anemic patients,