Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cubital subchondral joint space width and CT osteoabsorptiometry in dogs with and without fragmented medial coronoid process.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate subchondral joint space width measurements (SJSW) and CT-osteoabsorptiometry (CTOAM) measurements in the elbow of dogs with naturally occurring fragmented medial coronoid process (FMCP) preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively, and to compare these to normal dogs. STUDY DESIGN Prospective randomized clinical trial. ANIMALS Large breed dogs <1 year of age (n = 15). METHODS Arthroscopic FMCP debridement was performed, followed by randomization to a proximal ulnar ostectomy with IM pin (PUO). CTs were performed pre-operatively and 6 months post-operatively. CTOAM and SJSW measurements were acquired in 7 locations within the joint and compared to an age-matched normal control group. Pearson correlation was performed on SJSW and CTOAM measurements. A linear mixed model determined the effect of disease and treatment on SJSW and CTOAM measurements. RESULTS Fifteen dogs (28 elbows) with FMCP participated (11 arthroscopic FMCP removal, 17 with additional PUO). Data were normally distributed. Pearson correlation between CTOAM and SJSW measurements showed moderate to strong negative correlation in the control dogs. Preoperatively, affected elbows had lower medial compartment and higher lateral coronoid process CTOAM values than normal elbows. After treatment, CTOAM values of the medial compartment increased to normal. Treatment with PUO did not affect SJSW or CTOAM. CONCLUSIONS Our data agree with these previous studies suggesting lower subchondral plate mineralization in dogs affected by FMCP. Arthroscopy may result in higher CTOAM values secondary to increased loading.
Synchronized replication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

When Mycobacterium tuberculosis was grown in Tween-albumin broth without any agitation, the bacilli replicated in the upper, oxygen-rich portion of the medium at a rate that was just balanced by the rate at which the bacilli settled toward the bottom of the tube. When the organisms that accumulated in the sediment were suspended and diluted into fresh medium, they exhibited synchronous replication. The bacilli initiated ribonucleic acid synthesis immediately upon suspension, but marked deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis was not apparent until after the first cellular division was completed, about 14 h after suspension.
Effects of Long-Term Sertraline Treatment and Depression on Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Premenopausal Female Primates

Objectives Major depressive disorder and coronary heart disease often co-occur in the same individuals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely prescribed for depression and other disorders, but their effects on coronary heart disease risk remain unclear. We determined the effects of an SSRI on coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) in an established nonhuman primate model used to clarify the association between depression and CAA. Methods Forty-two adult female cynomolgus macaques consuming a Western diet were characterized during an 18-month pretreatment phase and assigned to SSRI (sertraline hydrochloride 20 mg/kg, per os, once a day) or placebo balanced on pretreatment depression, body weight (BW), and iliac artery atherosclerosis extent measured via biopsy. After 18 months, CAA extent was measured using histomorphometry. Results Before and during treatment, depressed monkeys had lower BW, body mass index, and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and higher heart rates during the pretreatment (p < .01) but not the treatment phase (p = .17). There were no pretreatment differences between the sertraline and placebo groups. Sertraline reduced anxious behavior but had no effect on BW, body mass index, heart rate, plasma lipids, or depression. CAA, analyzed by a 2 (depressed, nondepressed) × 2 (placebo, sertraline) × 3 (coronary arteries) analysis of covariance adjusted for pretreatment iliac atherosclerosis, was greater in depressed than in nondepressed monkeys (p < .036), and in sertraline than in placebo-treated monkeys (p = .040). The observed CAA extent in depressed monkeys treated with sertraline was 4.9 times higher than that in untreated depressed monkeys, and 6.5 times higher than that in nondepressed monkeys, on average. Conclusions Depressed animals developed more CAA, and long-term treatment with sertraline resulted in more extensive CAA.
Hybrid Control Scheme Consisting of Adaptive and Optimal Controllers for Flexible-Base Flexible-Joint Space Manipulator with Uncertain Parameters

The trajectory tracking and vibration suppression problems of a flexible-base flexible-joint space manipulator with uncertain parameters are addressed. Dynamic equations of the manipulator are described as a linear function of a series of combined inertia parameters, and then the flexibility compensation technology and singular perturbation method are introduced to obtain the revised slow and fast subsystems. Using the linear-in-combined-parameters property of system dynamics, a regressor-based adaptive control approach is proposed for the slow subsystem to handle with the parameter uncertainties, while the flexible vibration of the base and joints is dealt with by the liner quadratic optimal control which is presented for the fast subsystem. The proposed hybrid control scheme ensures that the tracking errors and velocity errors converge to zero asymptotically and the vibration of system can be suppressed effectively. Simulations on a flexible-base space manipulator with weak-stiffness joints are given to show the feasibility of the proposed controller.
Choreoathetosis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis

The aim of our study was to evaluate both the incidence and the pathologic and clinical features of extrapyramidal disorders in a population of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis. Of 240 AIDS patients evaluated in the 1985–1994 period, 50 of them were diagnosed to have cerebral toxoplasmosis on the basis of the following criteria: occurrence of specific antibodies, computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and regression of the symptoms after specific therapy. Three of 50 (6%) had hemichoreoathetosis. In the first case, the disorder began as a dyskinesia of the left hand that subsequently spread to the whole ipsilateral arm and assumed the features of choretic athetotic movements. The other two cases were characterized by left hemisomatic distal choreic movements. Therapy with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine led to a complete recovery of the extrapyramidal signs in two cases and to improvement in the third. According to our observations, the onset of these movement disorders could not be related to the dimension of the lesion or to the edema, but to a specific localization in subthalamic nucleus, in subthalamic/pallidal, and pallidal/thalamic pathways. MRI seems the elective tool to perform a more accurate study of the anatomic areas involved in this pathway and to verify their integrity. Cerebral toxoplasmosis in AIDS can be considered as a new etiopathogenic cause of choreoathetosis.
Role of Nitric Oxide and Renal Nerves in the Renal Responses to Acute Volume Expansion in Anaesthetized Rats

An investigation was undertaken into the potential role of nitric oxide (NO) and its interaction with renal sympathetic nerves in mediating renal responses to acute saline volume expansion (VE). Groups of anaesthetized Wistar rats with innervated and denervated kidneys were subjected to VE, 0.25% body wt min−1 for 40 min, in the presence and absence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors, NG‐nitro‐{fontsize L‐arginine‐methyl‐ester ({fontsize L‐NAME, non‐selective), aminoguanidine (AG, relatively selective for inducible NOS (iNOS)), and 7‐nitroindazole (7‐NI, relatively selective for neuronal NOS (nNOS)). Pretreatment with {fontsize L‐NAME or AG enhanced the cumulative sodium excretion (CuUNaV) after 40 min VE in the innervated kidneys by 27 and 23% (both P < 0.001), respectively, compared to the untreated control group, whereas they were without effect in the denervated kidneys. Cumulative urine flow (CuUV) after VE in {fontsize L‐NAME‐ and AG‐treated groups was enhanced in both kidneys, by some 17‐21% in the denervated (P < 0.01) and 37‐39% in the innervated kidneys (P < 0.001) by comparison with the corresponding untreated controls. 7‐NI had no effect on CuUV, but reduced CuUNaV in the denervated kidneys by 25% (P < 0.01) when compared to the control group. The results suggested that NO, possibly generated by endothelial NOS (eNOS) and iNOS, was a contributory factor in mediating the renal response to VE. There appeared to be a tonic inhibitory action of NO on water excretion which was renal nerve independent, whereas its impact on sodium handling appeared to be dependent upon a background level of renal nerve activity.
An Antigen Produced by Splicing of Noncontiguous Peptides in the Reverse Order

CD8-positive T lymphocytes recognize peptides that are usually derived from the degradation of cellular proteins and are presented by class I molecules of the major histocompatibility complex. Here we describe a human minor histocompatibility antigen created by a polymorphism in the SP110 nuclear phosphoprotein gene. The antigenic peptide comprises two noncontiguous SP110 peptide segments spliced together in reverse order to that in which they occur in the predicted SP110 protein. The antigenic peptide could be produced in vitro by incubation of precursor peptides with highly purified 20S proteasomes. Cutting and splicing probably occur within the proteasome by transpeptidation.
Improved Surgical Outcomes for ACS NSQIP Hospitals Over Time: Evaluation of Hospital Cohorts With up to 8 Years of Participation

Background:The American College of Surgeons, National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) surgical quality feedback models are recalibrated every 6 months, and each hospital is given risk-adjusted, hierarchical model, odds ratios that permit comparison to an estimated average NSQIP hospital at a particular point in time. This approach is appropriate for “relative” benchmarking, and for targeting quality improvement efforts, but does not permit evaluation of hospital or program-wide changes in quality over time. We report on long-term improvement in surgical outcomes associated with participation in ACS NSQIP. Study Design:ACS NSQIP data (2006–2013) were used to create prediction models for mortality, morbidity (any of several distinct adverse outcomes), and surgical site infection (SSI). For each model, for each hospital, and for year of first participation (hospital cohort), hierarchical model observed/expected (O/E) ratios were computed. The primary performance metric was the within-hospital trend in logged O/E ratios over time (slope) for mortality, morbidity, and SSI. Results:Hospital-averaged log O/E ratio slopes were generally negative, indicating improving performance over time. For all hospitals, 62%, 70%, and 65% of hospitals had negative slopes for mortality, morbidity, and any SSI, respectively. For hospitals currently in the program for at least 3 years, 69%, 79%, and 71% showed improvement in mortality, morbidity, and SSI, respectively. For these hospitals, we estimate 0.8%, 3.1%, and 2.6% annual reductions (with respect to prior year's rates) for mortality, morbidity, and SSI, respectively. Conclusions:Participation in ACS NSQIP is associated with reductions in adverse events after surgery. The magnitude of quality improvement increases with time in the program.
tert-Butoxytriphenylsilane

The title compound, C22H24OSi or Ph3SiOtBu, shows a distorted tetrahedral coordination sphere around the Si atom. The C—O—Si angle is 135.97 (12)° and the O—Si distance is 1.6244 (13) Å. The molecules are held together by weak interactions only. An H⋯H distance of 2.2924 (7) Å is found between aryl H atoms and is the shortest intermolecular distance in the structure. With regard to the broad applicability of R 3SiO structural motifs in all fields of chemistry, the molecule demonstrates a common model system for silicon centers surrounded by sterically demanding substituents.
Intervention for spanish overweight teenagers in physical education lessons.

Physical education is a favourable educational framework for the development of programmes aimed at increasing physical activity in children and thus reducing sedentarism. The progressive increase of overweight students demands global control and follow-up measurement of these behaviours in both in and out of school. The pedometer can be a useful tool in this field. It is easy to use and allow Physical Education (PE) departments to quantify their students' number of steps/day. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a pedometer intervention on body fat and BMI levels in overweight teenagers. Besides, the effects of the programme are analysed according to two other variables: pedometer ownership and gender, distinguishing between out-of-school and school hours, weekdays and weekends. The sample comprises 112 overweight students (49 boys and 63 girls) from 5 secondary schools. Participants were asked to follow a physical activity programme consisting on a minimum of 12000 and 10000 steps/day for boys and girls, respectively. It also allowed them to get up to 2 extra points in their PE marks. Results were measured after 6 weeks of programme application as well as after 6 weeks of retention. Results revealed significantly reduced BMI in the teenagers with their own pedometer (p < 0.05). The difference observed in the number of steps/day between boys (12050) and girls (9566) was significant in all measured time periods (p < 0.05). Besides, both overweight boys and girls were observed to take 1000 steps/day less at weekends than in weekdays. Therefore, it is concluded that the proposal of 12000 and 10000 steps for overweight boys and girls, respectively, accompanied by a reinforcement programme in their final PE marks, seems sufficient to obtain significant BMI reductions. Besides, PE is shown a favourable framework for the proposal of pedometer-impelled weight loss programmes in overweight youth. Key pointsA programme of 12000 and 10000 steps for overweight boys and girls, respectively with reinforcement in physical education marks, the body mass index improves.Body mass index more reduced was in Spanish adolescent overweight that used their own pedometer.The steps/day between boys (12050) and girls (9566) with overweight was different (p < 0.05). Overweight boys and girls were observed to take 1000 steps/day less at weekends than in weekdays.In physical education is possible to apply a programme of steps in obese youth of secondary education schools.
From the United Nation

48) (copies of this report may be obtained from the California Youth Authority, 315 South Broadway, Los Angeles 13, Calif.); What Can We Expect of Rural Schools? by Mildred Welch Cranston (New York: Woman's Press, 1948, pp. 45, #0.35); The Problem of Cerebral Palsy Today, by M. A. Perlstein, M.D., prepared with the assistance of William McPeak, published by the association for the Aid of Crippled Children, New York City, and distributed by the National Society for Crippled Children and Adults, Chicago, 111. (1947, pp. 57, 10.25); from the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, Inc., Statistical Abstract of Activities of J DC during 1947 (No. 2; April, 1948) (New York, 1948, pp. 41); from the General Federation of Jewish Labour in Eretz-Israel (Palestine), Social Policy and Social Insurance in Palestine, by I. Kanievsky (June, 1947, pp. 45); A Colloquium on Juvenile De-
Inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases

Summary Neurodegeneration, the slow and progressive dysfunction and loss of neurons and axons in the central nervous system, is the primary pathological feature of acute and chronic neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, neurotropic viral infections, stroke, paraneoplastic disorders, traumatic brain injury and multiple sclerosis. Despite different triggering events, a common feature is chronic immune activation, in particular of microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system. Apart from the pathogenic role of immune responses, emerging evidence indicates that immune responses are also critical for neuroregeneration. Here, we review the impact of innate and adaptive immune responses on the central nervous system in autoimmune, viral and other neurodegenerative disorders, and discuss their contribution to either damage or repair. We also discuss potential therapies aimed at the immune responses within the central nervous system. A better understanding of the interaction between the immune and nervous systems will be crucial to either target pathogenic responses, or augment the beneficial effects of immune responses as a strategy to intervene in chronic neurodegenerative diseases.
Establishment and identification of human primary lung cancer cell culture in vitro.

OBJECTIVE To explore a simple and practical method for human primary lung cancer cells culture in vitro. METHODS Tumor specimens from 6 lung cancer patients were isolated with collagenase digestion cultured in vitro. Then the characteristics of these cells were analyzed and identified by optical microscope observation, hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry and tumor nude mice inoculation experiments, respectively. RESULTS Except for the small cell lung cancer, the other 5 samples were successfully isolated and cultured. The cultured cells showed typical characteristics of malignant cells and positive for cytokeratin 7 and 19. Moreover, the cancer cells readily formed subcutaneous tumors in nude mice and the pathological images of the transplanted tumor were consistent with its tumor origin. CONCLUSION The primary culture for human lung cancer cells can be successfully achieved with the method of collagenase digestion.
Why do we need a diagnosis? A qualitative study of parents' experiences, coping and needs, when the newborn child is severely disabled.

BACKGROUND Communication with parents who are realizing their child is severely disabled is a difficult task for professionals. Parents are experiencing great emotional stress during the diagnostic process and dissatisfaction with disclosure is widespread. The aim of this study was to investigate parents' reactions when realizing their child's disability, the impact of the diagnosis and parents' ways of coping. METHODS This was a qualitative, longitudinal study, using in-depth interviews with 16 parents of a physically and mentally disabled child who had recently been diagnosed as such. Children's age at inclusion ranged from 1 to 27 months. Half of the children had an unknown diagnosis. Data were analysed using the Grounded Theory method. RESULTS were validated and approved by the interviewed parents. RESULTS The certainty of the diagnosis was central for parents' experiences. First, the emotional reaction of the parents is highly influenced by the diagnostic process. Second, parents needed possibilities for taking action, and third they found difficulty in coping with an uncertain future. These three themes all related to the meaning that parents ascribed to the stating of a diagnosis. Parents' needs in relation to communication were identified as equality in co-operation with doctors, an empathic professional approach, and the child being seen with possibilities despite his or her disabilities. CONCLUSIONS Parents' process of realization was related to the diagnostic process, and information and communication should be individualized accordingly. Parents wanted to co-operate and they needed possibilities for active coping with their situation.
Bovine Tuberculosis in Livestock and Wild Boar on the Mediterranean Island, Corsica

The zoonotic agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), Mycobacterium bovis, can be transmitted between domestic and wild animals, threatening wildlife populations and control programs for bTB in cattle. In Corsica, a French Mediterranean island where domestic and wild species have close interactions, bTB cases have been reported in cattle, pigs, and wild boar. Moreover, genotypes of M. bovis found in wild and domestic animals from the same area were identical. These data strongly suggest that wild and domestic animals are associated in an epidemiologic bTB-transmission cycle. More investigations are needed, not only to understand the role played by each species in order to implement appropriate control measures, but also to assess the risk of transmission to humans.
The Clinical Spectrum of Epilepsy in Children and Adults with Hypothalamic Hamartoma

Summary: Purpose: Hamartomas of the hypothalamus (HH) cause an uncommon and unusual epilepsy syndrome. The condition is recognized to affect children, but the presentation in adults is not well understood. We present 19 children and adult patients with HH, including three patients whose epilepsy began in adult life. The patterns of clinical presentation, evolution of the epilepsy from childhood to adult life, and electroclinical diagnostic features are presented.
Efficacy and safety of sirukumab in Japanese patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis inadequately controlled by disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs: Subgroup analysis of a phase 3 study

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sirukumab in Japanese patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) uncontrolled by disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Methods: This subgroup analysis based on a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 52-week phase 3 study (SIRROUND-D) assessed American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20 response at week 16 and van der Heijde-modified Sharp score (vdH-S) at week 52 (coprimary endpoints). Results: A total of 168 (Japanese)/1670 patients received sirukumab 50 mg/4 weeks (q4w, n = 58), 100 mg/every 2 weeks (q2w, n = 54), or placebo (n = 56) subcutaneously. Significantly more patients achieved ACR20 response at week 16 with sirukumab (50 mg q4w: 69.0%; 100mg q2w: 66.7%) vs. placebo (21.4%; p < .001). Median change from baseline in total vdH-S score at week 52 was significantly lower with sirukumab (50 mg q4w: 0.3, p = .024; 100 mg q2w: 0.0, p = .002) vs. placebo (1.3). Sirukumab consistently showed greater improvements in secondary endpoints at weeks 24 and 52. Nasopharyngitis, elevated liver enzymes, injection site erythema and upper respiratory tract infections were the common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Incidences of TEAEs and serious AEs were consistent between sirukumab groups through week 52. Conclusion: Sirukumab showed clinically meaningful improvements consistent with significant improvements in the global study. No new safety signals were observed.
Trends in Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastric Cancer in Mexico

Infection by Helicobacter pylori affects about 50% of the human population. Of those infected, 10% to 15% will develop peptic ulcer and up to 3% will present with gastric cancer. These estimates suggest that around 7% of the world's population will eventually develop H. pylori –associated