Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oscillatory coupling between ferromagnetic layers separated by a nonmagnetic metal spacer.

We have derived the expression of the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida coupling between two ferromagnetic layers separated by a nonmagnetic spacer, for arbitrary crystal structure and Fermi surface. For the first time, quantitative predictions of the interlayer coupling for Cu, Ag, and Au spacers are given. The results are in good agreement with recent experimental data for fcc Co/Cu and Fe/Cu systems.
[The efficacy of donepezil for post-stroke aphasia: a pilot case control study.].

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of donepezil for post-stroke aphasia. METHODS Sixty patients with acute post-stroke aphasia were divided into treatment group and a control group. All patients had been treated for secondary prevention according to the guideline. The treatment group received donepezil hydrochloride (5 mg/d) for 12 weeks. The efficacy of treatment was measured by comparing the changes of scores of Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) between baseline and 12 weeks later. RESULTS Compared with the baseline, the changes of scores of all items of WAB and Aphasia Quotient (AQ) in both group after 12 weeks follow-up were great, however, the change of AQ was significantly greater in donepezil group (34.14 +/- 17.70)than that in control group (20.69 +/- 17.26)(P = 0.004). The patients in donepezil group also showed significant recovery in spontaneous speech, comprehension, repetition, and naming than those in control group (P < 0.05). The rate of significant improving in donepezil group was 60.0% which was significantly greater than that in control group (26.7%) (P = 0.009). CONCLUSION There are spontaneous recovery of post-stroke aphasia within 3 months. Donepezil may facilitate the recovery in spontaneous speech, comprehension, repetition, and naming functions.
Independent origins and horizontal transfer of bacterial symbionts of aphids

Many insect groups have obligate associations with primary endosymbionts: mutualistic bacteria that are maternally transmitted and derived from an ancient infection. Often, the same insects are hosts to ‘secondary’ bacterial symbionts which are maternally transmitted but relatively labile within host lineages. To explore the dynamics of secondary symbiont associations in aphids, we characterized bacteria infecting 15 species of macrosiphine aphids using DNA sequencing, diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR), diagnostic restriction digests, phylogenetic analyses, and electron microscopy to examine aphids from nature and from laboratory colonies. Three types of bacteria besides Buchnera were found repeatedly; all three fall within the Enterobacteriaceae. The R‐type has a 16S rDNA less than 0.1% different from that of the secondary symbiont previously reported from Acyrthosiphon pisum and is related to Serratia species. The T‐type includes a symbiont previously reported from a whitefly; the U‐type comprises a new cluster near the T‐type. The T‐type was found in every one of 40 Uroleucon ambrosiae clones collected throughout the United States. In contrast, A. pisum individuals were infected by any combination of the three symbiont types. Secondary symbionts were maternally transmitted for 11 months within laboratory‐reared A. pisum clones and were present in sexually produced eggs. PCR screens for a bacteriophage, APSE‐1, indicated its presence in both A. pisum and U. ambrosiae containing secondary symbionts. Electron microscopy of R‐type and T‐type bacteria in A. pisum and in U. ambrosiae revealed rod‐shaped organisms that attain extremely high densities within a few bacteriocytes.
Excavations in Zone VII Peat at Storrs Moss, Lancashire, England, 1965–67

Within recent years pollen-analytical studies carried out in lake sediments and raised bog peats around the head of Morecambe Bay, Lancashire, have disclosed extensive evidence for anthropogenic change at the British Pollen Zone VIIa–VIIb (Atlantic–Sub-Boreal) boundary, including characteristic ‘Ulmus Decline’, and Landnam phenomena (summarized by Oldfield, 1963). The question immediately arose as to the archaeological identity of the prehistoric communities responsible. The beginnings of Neolithic settlement in north-western England were quite obscure, and have largely so remained. The principal archaeological evidence for any Neolithic penetration of the region derives from the accidental discovery, nearly a century ago, of a bog-site at Ehenside Tarn, close to the west Cumberland coast (Piggott, 1954, 295–9; Walker, 1966), and to the presence of numerous stone axes occurring as stray finds throughout the region. More recently, the discovery of ‘stone axe factories’ on the high screes of Great Langdale and Scafell, and the wide distribution of Group VI axes therefrom, have emphasized the potentialities for further investigation (Fell, 1966, and refs. therein).
Molecular Epidemiology of an Outbreak of Enterobacter cloacae in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Provincial Hospital in Gauteng, South Africa

ABSTRACT An outbreak of Enterobacter cloacae in the neonatal intensive care unit of a provincial hospital in Gauteng, South Africa, resulting in nine deaths was investigated. Macrorestriction analysis using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that three isolates ofE. cloacae from blood cultures of patients, six from environmental sources, and one from the hands of a staff member belonged to the same genotypic cluster.
Pancreatic polypeptide in islet cell tumors morphologic and functional correlations

Twelve islet cell tumors and one islet cell hyperplasia were studied with immunocytochemical and radioimmunoassay methods. With immunocytochemical staining, all six insulinomas, one mixed insulinoma–glucagonoma, and four gastrinomas were positive for insulin, insulin and glucagon, and gastrin, respectively. Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) was positive in three insulinomas and one mixed insulinoma–glucagonoma. All of the tumors were positive for neuron‐specific enolase (NSE). Radioimmunoassays of tissue extracts further disclosed that all functioning tumors contained more than one pancreatic hormone. PP concentrations of two insulinomas and one mixed insulinoma–glucagonoma were higher than that of normal control pancreases. A study of protein meal‐stimulated PP secretion revealed that three of the insulinoma cases and two gastrinoma cases exhibited higher plasma PP levels than the age‐matched controls. The findings suggest that: (1) both functioning and nonfunctioning islet cell tumors derive from neuroendocrine cells positive for NSE; (2) all functioning islet cell tumors appear to contain PP in the tumor tissue as a minor component; (3) as many as 70% of the patients with islet cell tumors present with abnormally higher plasma PP levels after protein meals; and (4) a study of meal‐stimulated PP secretion may well be used as a marker for the presence of functional islet cell tumors. Cancer 56: 1649‐1657, 1985.
Consultation length in first opinion small animal practice

CONSULTATIONS are the cornerstone of veterinary practice, and while the length scheduled for consultations varies, 10 minute appointments are a frequent feature in first opinion practice. Previous research has suggested that consultations are complex (Robinson and others 2014) and often exceed 10 minutes in length (Shaw and others 2008, Everitt and others 2013), raising concerns as to whether a 10 minute appointment is sufficient to address all health concerns. In medicine, consultation length is positively correlated with the number of problems discussed (Flocke and others 2001) and longer consultations are associated with improved detection and management of certain conditions (Freeman and others 2002). It is unclear whether the same is true in veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to determine the average consultation length in a sample of small animal consultations and to describe factors that may affect consultation length. Data collection took place over two weeks in two practices (one week at each) operating 10 minute appointment systems, as part of data gathered for a larger project (Robinson and others 2014). Consultation length was recorded using a stopwatch during direct observation of small animal consultations. Timing started when the client entered the consultation room and stopped as they left. The time spent out of the room by the veterinary surgeon was included provided the client remained in the room. Time spent reading or writing clinical notes prior to or …
Poor Intake of Milk, Vegetables, and Fruit with Limited Dietary Variety by Botswana's Elderly

Abstract The aim of this research was to determine dietary intake of elderly Batswana, evaluate the diet quality using the Health Eating Index (HEI), identify factors associated with poor quality, and determine the impact of age on dietary scores. Villages and towns were selected in three strata: urban, semiurban, and rural. A total of 99 elderly (67% female, 33% males), age range 60–95 years, were recruited through purposive sampling. A 24-hour multiplepass food recall was combined with demographic, health, and cooking responsibilities questions. The elderly diet met requirements for only the Grains group (9 serving/day). Most elderly obtained good HEI component scores on fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, and Grains group intake. The HEI scores were poor for variety, milk, fruits, and vegetables. Most elderly had poor diet (38%) or a diet that needed improvement (59%), and only 3% had a good diet.
Going it alone: The experiences of spouses of critically ill patients

&NA; Spouses of critically ill patients are faced with major changes in responsibilities while their spouse is in the intensive care unit. Using grounded theory methods, this qualitative study investigated the changes in responsibilities and the impact these additional responsibilities (such as financial decision making and child care) had on patients' spouses. Patients' spouses need help to meet their needs and alleviate some stress so they can “be there” for their critically ill partner. [Dimens Crit Care Nurs 2000:19(3):44‐9]
Assessing the direct costs of treating nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in the United States.

OBJECTIVE To determine the health-care resource use and costs attributable to treating atrial fibrillation (AF) in the United States. METHODS Retrospective analyses of three federally funded US databases (2001 data): 1) hospital inpatient stays (the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project [HCUP]); 2) physician office visits (the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey [NAMCS]); and 3) emergency department (ED) and hospital outpatient department visits (OPD) (the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey [NHAMCS]). Identification of AF medical encounters was based on occurrence of AF-specific International Classification of Diseases (9th Edition)--Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis code 427.31 (principal discharge diagnosis for inpatient setting; any diagnosis field for other settings). For the 10 most common principal discharge diagnoses in the inpatient setting, case-control comparison analyses were performed to estimate annual incremental costs of AF as a comorbid discharge diagnosis for hospital stays. Regression models were used to assess the impact of AF on hospitalization costs. Costs were estimated in year 2005 US dollars. RESULTS Approximately 350,000 hospitalizations, 5.0 million office visits, 276,000 ED visits, and 234,000 OPD were attributable to AF annually within the United States. Total annual costs for treatment of AF were estimated at $6.65 billion, including $2.93 billion (44%) for hospitalizations with a principal discharge diagnosis of AF, $1.95 billion (29%) for the incremental inpatient cost of AF as a comorbid diagnosis, $1.53 billion (23%) for outpatient treatment of AF, and $235 million (4%) for prescription drugs. In all regressions, AF was a significant contributor to hospital cost. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of AF represents a significant health-care burden with the costs of treating AF in the inpatient setting outweighing the costs of treating AF in the office, emergency room or hospital outpatient settings. Further research is needed to fully capture the costs of treating AF.
Escherichia coli resistant to cephalosporins and quinolones is still susceptible to the cephalosporin-quinolone ester Ro 23-9424

Ro 23-9424 is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent consisting of a cephalosporin (desacetylcefotaxime) linked through an ester bond to a fluoroquinolone (fleroxacin). Its activity against mutants of Escherichia coli TE18 resistant to both antibacterial components was examined. E. coli TE18 overproduces the AmpC beta-lactamase and is resistant to several cephalosporins, including desacetylcefotaxime (MIC, 50 micrograms/ml), although it is still susceptible to Ro 23-9424 (MIC, 0.2 microgram/ml). Thirty-five spontaneous, two-step mutants of E. coli TE18 which were resistant to fleroxacin (MIC, 50 micrograms/ml) were isolated. In the mutants, replicative DNA biosynthesis (permeabilized cells) was resistant to fleroxacin, and some mutants had porin abnormalities. However, all remained susceptible to Ro 23-9424 (MIC, 0.5 microgram/ml). Examination of beta-lactamase activity in the parent strain revealed that it hydrolyzes desacetylcefotaxime more rapidly than it does Ro 23-9424. Thus, Ro 23-9424 may be less susceptible to the gram-negative, chromosomal beta-lactamases that hydrolyze several broad-spectrum cephalosporins and may be effective in cases in which neither of its two components is active.
An Exploration of Family Communication Environment, Everyday Talk, and Family Satisfaction

The current study examined the types of everyday talk occurring most frequently within each of the three family communication environments and how family communication environment and everyday talk contribute to family satisfaction. Four hundred twenty participants representing 201 families completed measures representing these three constructs. Each of the three family communication environments predicted different types of everyday talk with variations in the directions of the predictions. These results reveal specific common communication behaviors occurring within each of Fitzpatrick and Ritchie's family communication environments. However, the expressiveness family communication environment and everyday talk categories of joking around, recapping the day's events, and relationship talk had the greatest impact on family satisfaction predicting 63% of the variance. Both the structural traditional and conflict avoidance family communication environments predicted different everyday talk categories, but neither was seen as a predictor of family satisfaction. The study concludes with a theoretical and practical explanation and applications of the results.
Evaluation of SLC20A2 mutations that cause idiopathic basal ganglia calcification in Japan

Objective: To investigate the clinical, genetic, and neuroradiologic presentations of idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC) in a nationwide study in Japan. Methods: We documented clinical and neuroimaging data of a total of 69 subjects including 23 subjects from 10 families and 46 subjects in sporadic cases of IBGC in Japan. Mutational analysis of SLC20A2 was performed. Results: Six new mutations in SLC20A2 were found in patients with IBGC: 4 missense mutations, 1 nonsense mutation, and 1 frameshift mutation. Four of them were familial cases and 2 were sporadic cases in our survey. The frequency of families with mutations in SLC20A2 in Japan was 50%, which was as high as in a previous report on other regions. The clinical features varied widely among the patients with SLC20A2 mutations. However, 2 distinct families have the same mutation of S637R in SLC20A2 and they have similar characteristics in the clinical course, symptoms, neurologic findings, and neuroimaging. In our study, all the patients with SLC20A2 mutations showed calcification. In familial cases, there were symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in the same family. Conclusion: SLC20A2 mutations are a major cause of familial IBGC in Japan. The members in the families with the same mutation had similar patterns of calcification in the brain and the affected members showed similar clinical manifestations.
Endometrial flushing αVβ3 integrin, glycodelin and PGF2α levels for evaluating endometrial receptivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, myoma uteri and endometrioma

Abstract The aim of this cross-sectional study is to compare endometrial flushing fluid levels of αVβ3 integrin, glycodelin and PGF2α during the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS, n = 20), myoma uteri (n = 20) and endometrioma (n = 19) with the healthy controls (n = 20). After collecting samples at the midluteal phase of ovulatory volunteers and storing them at −80 °C, αVβ3 integrin, glycodelin and PGF2α levels were analyzed using ELISA. The mean ages of the groups were 28.90 ± 5.45, 37.25 ± 2.73, 32.84 ± 6.62 and 32.15 ± 5.18 in PCOS, myoma uteri, endometrioma and control groups, respectively. The αVβ3 integrin level (ng/ml) was statistically significantly higher in endometrioma group (9.70 ± 1.72, p < 0.05) as compared to myoma uteri and control groups. Similarly, glycodelin level (ng/ml) was significantly higher in endometrioma group (341.04 ± 93.32) than PCOS (p < 0.01), myoma uteri (p < 0.001) and healthy subjects (p < 0.001). Moreover, PGF2α level (350.04 ± 464.50 ng/ml) was significantly higher in PCOS group relative to myoma uteri (p < 0.001), endometrioma (p < 0.05) and control (p < 0.05) groups. In conclusion, αVβ3 integrin level was significantly higher in endometrioma subjects than those with myoma uteri and control groups; glycodelin level was significantly higher in endometrioma group than other three groups, and lastly, PCOS patients had significantly higher PGF2α levels than those patients with myoma uteri, endometrioma and controls.
A 2-year follow-up of the effectiveness of traditional child psychotherapy.

This study examined outcomes at a 2-year follow-up assessment for child psychotherapy as it typically is delivered in outpatient settings. The treatment condition (53 children, mean age = 10.5 years) and control condition (53 children, mean age = 10.0 years) were compared with regard to rates of linear and curvilinear change for psychopathology, adaptive functioning, and consumer satisfaction. Although both conditions showed curvilinear as well as linear improvement in behavioral and emotional problems, relatively little support was found for the effectiveness of traditional child psychotherapy or for the presence of a psychotherapy "sleeper effect. "
8 Radiotherapy in Prostate Cancer

Therapeutic management of prostate cancer has become complex, multidisciplinary and stage-specific. (Heidenereich et al., 2011) Based on PSA level, histopathological grading and clinical staging, prostate cancer is classified as low-, intermediateand high risk for disease recurrence. The risk status often plays a major role in deciding further therapy. (Kirby & Madhavan, 2010) It is usually impossible to state that one therapy is superior to another because of the lack of randomized controlled trials. However some recommendations can be made. (Heidenereich et al., 2011, Aus et al. 2001) Based on European Association of Urology recommendations in 2010, patients with low-risk (PSA ≤10 ng/ml, Gleason score <6 and cT1c-cT2a) or intermediate risk prostate cancer (PSA 10.1-20 ng/ml, Gleason score 7 or cT2b-c) are to be treated interdisciplinary with an urologist and a radiation oncologist. Treatment options for these patients vary from watchful waiting and active surveillance to radical prostatectomy or definitive radiotherapy. Multidisciplinary tumor board is needed when discussing neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment options in high-risk prostate cancer patients (PSA>20ng/ml, Gleason score 8-10 or ≥cT3a) (Heidenereich et al., 2011, Choe & Liauw, 2010). Radiotherapy is widely used as curative treatment modality for prostate cancer. There is a diverse array of radiotherapeutic strategies that can be effectively used to treat both organconfined and locally advanced disease, alone or in combination with androgen-deprivation therapy. Furthermore, it has also a significant role in post-prostatectomy setting, as adjuvant or salvage radiotherapy. In recent decades, radiotherapy in prostate cancer has undergone significant clinical and technological advances that aim to optimize cancer control outcomes while minimizing treatment morbidity. (Choe & Liauw, 2010, Hayden et al., 2010)
Canonical Wnt3a Modulates Intracellular Calcium and Enhances Excitatory Neurotransmission in Hippocampal Neurons*

A role for Wnt signal transduction in the development and maintenance of brain structures is widely acknowledged. Recent studies have suggested that Wnt signaling may be essential for synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission. However, the direct effect of a Wnt protein on synaptic transmission had not been demonstrated. Here we show that nanomolar concentrations of purified Wnt3a protein rapidly increase the frequency of miniature excitatory synaptic currents in embryonic rat hippocampal neurons through a mechanism involving a fast influx of calcium from the extracellular space, induction of post-translational modifications on the machinery involved in vesicle exocytosis in the presynaptic terminal leading to spontaneous Ca2+ transients. Our results identify the Wnt3a protein and a member of its complex receptor at the membrane, the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) coreceptor, as key molecules in neurotransmission modulation and suggest cross-talk between canonical and Wnt/Ca2+ signaling in central neurons.
The effect of different feeding schedules on egg quality, blood, and bone parameters in broiler breeders

The aim of this study was to evaluate different feeding schedules and their relationship to calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) plasma levels and egg quality of broiler breeders. The feeding schedules were: single feeding at 8:00 AM; twice daily feeding (50% at 8:00 AM and 50% at 3:00 PM) and single feeding at 3:00 PM. 330 female and 45 male Cobb 500 broiler breeders were used from 40 to 60 weeks of age. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of 3 treatments with 5 replicates each, with 22 females and 3 males. The nutritional requirements were according to guideline recommendations. The following parameters were assessed weekly: total egg production, egg specific gravity, egg and eggshell weight, and eggshell thickness. Ca and P plasma levels, tibia weight and its length and Seedor index were evaluated at the end of the study. To determine the effect of feeding schedules, the total calcium and phosphorus plasma at oviposition time and 21 h after oviposition was evaluated. At 60 weeks of age, tibias were taken from the right leg, dried, measured and weighted. There were no differences among treatments regarding egg production, tibia length and Seedor index. Hens fed at 8:00 AM showed higher tibia weight than hens fed twice daily. Broiler breeders fed at 3:00 PM had higher egg (P = 0.0105) and shell (P = 0.0066) weight than others, and hens fed at 3:00 PM had more specific gravity (P = 0.0219) and eggshell thickness (P = 0.0419) than hens fed at 8:00 AM. Ca (P = 0.758) and P (P = 0.811) plasma levels were higher in hens fed at 8:00 AM than hens fed at 3:00 PM after 21 h of oviposition. Broiler breeders fed at 3:00 PM had better egg quality without any change in production, as well as these hens showing higher available Ca and P plasma levels.