Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rust belt or revitalization: competing narratives in entrepreneurial ecosystems

PurposeEntrepreneurial ecosystems, the inter-connected set of organizing forces that produce and sustain regional entrepreneurial activity, are receiving heightened attention. This research finds that narratives about ecosystem participants discursively construct entrepreneurial ecosystems. However, the studies do not emphasize ecosystem and region-level narratives, focus on ecosystems in which narratives are uncontested and, thus, do not examine how ecosystem narratives compete with other regional narratives. The purpose of this paper is to develop a theory that explains how narratives and entrepreneurial ecosystems emerge and change in response to existing regional narratives.Design/methodology/approachA longitudinal process model is proposed to explain how entrepreneurial ecosystem narratives emerge and compete with other regional narratives. To illustrate the phases of the model, archival data were collected from three entrepreneurial ecosystems where new narratives have had to overcome entrenched economic and cultural narratives.FindingsIt is theorized that entrepreneurial ecosystems emerge, in part, through discourse. For an entrepreneurial ecosystem to develop, a narrative must take hold that allows participants to make sense of the new entrepreneurial activities and the changes to the region. A four-phase process model is presented to explain how entrepreneurial ecosystem narratives compete with other regional narratives and, particularly, negative economic narratives.Originality/valueThe theory developed in this paper contributes to the research on entrepreneurial ecosystems and organizational narratives and generates practical implications for policymakers and entrepreneurs seeking to promote entrepreneurship as a tool for economic development.
Assessment of exercise capacity in women with type 2 diabetes

The primary aim of this study was to compare the maximal oxygen uptake as evaluated from a submaximal exercise test (EVO2peak) to direct measurements of VO2peak during a maximal exercise test as means of monitoring the aerobic endurance capacity in women with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Twenty‐seven women with T2D participated in the study. The program consisted of combined group training 1 h twice a week during 12 weeks and walks 1 h per week. EVO2 max was estimated using a submaximal exercise test on a bicycle ergometer ad modumÅstrand. VO2peak and maximal work rate were measured using an incremental maximal exercise test on an electrically braked bicycle ergometer at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks. EVO2peakwas higher than VO2peakat baseline and significantly higher at 12 weeks (EVO2peak1·92 ± 0·54 l min−1, VO2peak 1·41 ± 0·36, P < 0·005). Maximal work rate increased significantly after 12 weeks (12 ± 15, P < 0·005) compared to baseline. The main finding of this study was that EVO2peak assessed using a submaximal exercise test, systematically overestimated VO2peak. The combined group training increased maximal work rate but not VO2peak. This is likely to reflect peripheral adaptation to exercise and/or improved mechanical efficiency.
Deciding what’s true: The rise of political fact-checking in American journalism

to ponder about the future in one way or another. With that appreciation, I have the full confidence to hope that this collection will soon be considered a must-read work on the bookshelf of anyone with an interest in the digital journalism of yesterday, today and tomorrow. And since contemporary journalism cannot be considered in isolation from digital media, the book is also a valuable general reference resource for any journalism researcher and educator, regardless of their specialist interests and expertise.
Secretory Plasticity of Pituitary Cells: A Mechanism of Hormonal Regulation

Pituitary somatotropes and melanotropes have enabled us to investigate the molecular basis and functional dynamics underlying secretory plasticity, an ability of endocrine cells to adapt their activity to the changing physiologic requirements, which generates discrete cell subpopulations within each cell hormonal type. Porcine somatotropes comprise two morphologically distinct subpopulations of low- (LD) and high-density (HD) cells, separable by Percoll gradient, that respond differently to hypothalamic regulators. In LD somatotropes, somatostatin (SRIF) inhibits growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GHRH)-induced GH secretion. Conversely, SRIF alone stimulates GH release from HD somatotropes. These disparate SRIF actions entail a molecular signaling heterogeneity, in that SRIF increases cAMP levels in HD but not in LD cells as a requisite to stimulate GH release. GHRH-stimulated GH release also involves differential signaling in LD and HD cells: although it acts primarily through the cAMP/extracellular Ca 2+ route in both somatotrope subsets, full response of LD somatotropes also requires the inositol phosphate/intracellular Ca 2+ pathway. Amphibian melanotropes, which regulate skin adaptation to background color by secreting POMC-derived a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (aMSH), also comprise two subpopulations with divergent secretory phenotypes. LD melanotropes show high biosynthetic and secretory activities and high responsiveness to multiple hypothalamic factors. Conversely, HD melanotropes constitute a hormone-storage subset poorly responsive to regulatory inputs. Interestingly, in black-adapted animals most melanotropes acquire the highly-secretory LD phenotype, whereas white-background adaptation, which requires less aMSH, converts melanotropes to the storage HD phenotype. These same interconversions can be reproduced in vitro using appropriate hypothalamic factors, thus revealing the pivotal role of the hypothalamus in regulating the functional dynamics of the secretory plasticity. Furthermore, this regulation likely involves a precise control of the secretory pathway, as suggested by the differential distribution in LD and HD melanotropes of key components of the intracellular transport, processing, and storage of secretory proteins. Hence, molecular signaling heterogeneity and unique secretory pathway components seem to relevantly contribute to the control of secretory plasticity, thereby enabling endocrine cells to finely adjust their dynamic response to the specific hormonal requirements.
Enhancing momentum investment strategy using leverage

Previous studies examine investment strategies based on leverage and momentum; none investigate both variables jointly as an investment strategy. This paper is the first incorporating leverage and momentum together. We show that low past returns (losers) forecasts future negative abnormal returns only among stocks with high leverage levels, but not among stocks with low leverage levels. However, high past returns (winners) forecasts future positive abnormal returns independently of leverage level. As result, the negative relation between leverage and future abnormal returns is only observed among loser stocks and the positive relation between past returns and future abnormal returns is only shown among non-winner stocks. Our results are important to achieve better investment strategies: buying winners stocks (independently of their level of leverage) and short-selling losers stocks with high leverage yield higher abnormal returns than strategies based in only one of these variables. Our two-dimension strategy yields risk adjusted abnormal returns of 15.66% per annum, while the single leverage or momentum strategies yield 7.70% and 7.96% per annum respectively. The difference is nearly 8% and economically significant. If leverage is considered as proxy for default risk, our results, contrary to previous evidence, show that momentum profits are not exclusive of default stocks, nor momentum returns are only driven by negative returns yielded by distress stocks.
Trail Making Test, Part B as a Measure of Executive Control: Validation Using a Set-Switching Paradigm

Recent controversy surrounds the use of the Trail Making Test as a measure of cognitive flexibility, given that the Trail Making Test, Part B (TMT-B) also differs from Part A (TMT-A) in factors of motor control and perceptual complexity. The present study compared performance in the TMT and a set-switching task in order to test the assumption that cognitive flexibility is captured in TMT-B performance. Set-switching tasks have low motor and perceptual selection demands, and therefore provide a clearer index of executive function. In this study, participants made category judgments for digits, letters, or symbols across a series of trials, and performance for consecutive same-task trials was compared with task-switch trials. Results of the set-switching task indicated significant switch cost, but only for the situation of task alternation (e.g., an ABA series), suggesting that task-set inhibition may play a role in this effect. Alternating-switch cost was significantly correlated with TMT-B performance, especially with the TMT-B to TMT-A ratio (B/A). Cost for alternating switches was especially large for participants with B/A ratio > 3. These results provide direct evidence that the B/A ratio of performance in the TMT provides an index of executive function.
Using Neural Network to Recognize Human Emotions from Heart Rate Variability and Skin Resistance

The purpose of this paper is to estimate emotions using neural network and the changes in activities of autonomic nervous system (ANS). Since ANS cannot be controlled artificially, we presumed that the changes in emotions would be reflected to the changes in ANS. In order to observe those changes, we provided the subjects with some video clips which can induce a variety of emotions and measured the changes in ANS, especially in heart rate variability (HRV) and in galvanic skin response (GSR). With those analyzed results from the experiments, we established an algorithm based on neural network, finally we could reach the estimating rate of 80.2%
Progress towards development of a vaccine for amebiasis

The application of molecular biologic techniques over the past decade has seen a tremendous growth in our knowledge of the biology of Entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of amebic dysentery and amebic liver abscess. This approach has also led to the identification and structural characterization of three amebic antigens, the serine-rich Entamoeba histolytica protein (SREHP), the 170-kDa subunit of the Gal/GalNAc binding lectin, and the 29-kDa cysteine-rich protein, which all show promise as recombinant antigen-based vaccines to prevent amebiasis. In recent studies, an immunogenic dodecapeptide derived from the SREHP molecule has been genetically fused to the B subunit of cholera toxin, to create a recombinant protein capable of inducing both antiamebic and anti-cholera toxin antibodies when administered by the oral route. Continued progress in this area will bring us closer to the goal of a cost-effective oral combination "enteric pathogen" vaccine, capable of inducing protective mucosal immune responses to several clinically important enteric diseases, including amebiasis.
Elemental Distribution in Multilayer Systems by Laser-Assisted Atom Probe Tomography with Various Analysis Directions

Abstract Elemental distributions in a magnetic multilayer system with the structure Si substrate/Ta/NiFe/Ru/CoFeB/Ru/NiFe were studied using atom probe tomography (APT) along different analysis directions. The distributions of Ru and B atoms, which require a high evaporation field, were strongly influenced by the APT analysis direction. In particular, B in the CoFeB layer appeared near the interface with the lower Ru layer when the analysis was anti-parallel to the film growth direction, while B atoms were observed at the other side of the CoFeB layer when the analysis was parallel to the film growth direction. Moreover, when the analysis was perpendicular to the film growth direction, a homogenous distribution of B atoms was found within the CoFeB layer. Owing to this B behavior, the underlying Ru layer was affected in both of these analysis directions. In APT measurements of such a multilayer system composed of a stack of different evaporation field materials, evaluation of the elemental distribution around interfaces should be performed from more than one analysis direction.
The outcome of thoracic epidural anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Background: Thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) improves analgesia and outcomes after a cardiac surgery. As aging is a risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complications, TEA is of particular importance in elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Methods: Fifty patients aged 65–75 years; ASA II and III scheduled for elective CABG were included in the study. Patients were randomized to receive either general anesthesia (GA) group alone or GA combined with TEA group. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and central venous pressure were recorded. Total dose of fentanyl μg/kg, aortic cross clamping, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, time to first awaking and extubation, arterial blood gases, visual analog scale (VAS) score in intensive care unit were reported. Postoperative pulmonary function tests were done. Results: TEA showed a significant HR and lower MAP compared with the GA group. The total dose of intraoperative fentanyl and nitroglycerine were significantly lower in the TEA. Patients in TEA group have statistically significantly higher PaO2, lower PaCO2, increase in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) Conclusions: TEA reduced severity of postoperative pulmonary function and restoration was faster in TEA group in elderly patients undergoing CABG. Also, it resulted in earlier extubation and awakening, better analgesia, lower VAS.
Efficacy of the jet injector in local anaesthesia for small wound sutures: a randomised clinical trial compared with the needle infiltration technique

Background Despite advances in the application of needle free devices in medical procedure, there is a paucity of knowledge on the efficacy of the jet injector for suturing skin wounds. Aims Our study aimed to compare the severity of pain and time to initiation of anaesthesia between two methods of local anaesthesia for skin suturing of small facial wounds. Methods We conducted a double blind randomised clinical trial between December 2012 and February 2013 at a university hospital in Tehran, Iran. 53 patients with small facial wounds needing skin closure with sutures were assigned to either the jet injection group or the needle infiltration group. Pain severity after administration of local anaesthesia and during the stitching procedure, and time to initiation of skin numbness were evaluated. Results Mean pain score during the anaesthetic procedure was 1.1±1 in the jet injector group compared with 4.4±1.4 in the needle infiltration group (p<0.0001). Moreover, time to initiation of local numbness was significantly longer in the jet injection group than in the needle infiltration group (p<0.0001). Nevertheless, suture procedure related pain scores did not differ significantly between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusions The jet injector is an effective device in reducing the pain of the anaesthetic procedure for small facial wounds. However, the remarkably lower pain should be evaluated in light of other parameters, including acceptance and preference of the newly introduced technique. Trial registration No IRCT201201308872N3.
The Utilisation of Education and Skills: Non-Pecuniary Consequences Among Graduates

In this study, an attempt has been made to estimate the incidences of the job mismatch and its determinants in Pakistan. This study has divided the job mismatch into three categories: qualification-job mismatch, skill mismatch and field of study mismatch. The primary dataset has been used in which employed graduates of the formal sector have been targeted. The paper has also measured the qualification-job mismatch by three approaches, and found that about one-third of the graduates have been facing qualification-job mismatch. Similarly, more than one-fourth of the graduates are mismatched in skills, about half of them are over-skilled and the rest are under-skilled. The analysis also shows that 11.3 percent of the graduates have irrelevant, and 13.8 percent have slightly relevant jobs to their field of study. The analysis reveals that over-qualified and over-skilled graduates are less satisfied, while under-qualified and under-skilled graduates are more satisfied with their current jobs. A similar situation has been observed in case of the field of study mismatch, where both the moderate and complete fields of study matched graduates are more satisfied than the mismatched ones. The job search behaviour is positively associated with the level of education. Over-qualification has a positive impact, while under-qualification has a negative effect to search for another job. A good match between field of study and current job reduces the likelihood of intention to quit the job.
Experimental study on inhibition effects of the XAF1 gene against lung cancer cell proliferation.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of high expression of XAF1 in vivo or in vitro on lung cancer cell growth and apoptosis. METHODS 1. The A549 human lung cancer cell line was transfected with Ad5/F35 - XAF1, or Ad5/ F35 - Null at the same multiplicity of infection (MOI); (hereinafter referred to as transient transfected cell strain); XAF1 gene mRNA and protein expression was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) and Western blotting respectively. 2. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and annexin V-FITC/PI double staining were used to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis before and after infection of Ad5/F35 - XAF1 with Western blotting for apoptosis related proteins, caspase 3, caspase - 8 and PARP. 3. After the XAF1 gene was transfected into lung cancer A549 cells by lentiviral vectors, and selected by screening with Blasticidin, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were applied to detect mRNA and protein expression, to establish a line with a stable high expression of XAF1 (hereinafter referred to as stable expression cell strain). Twenty nude mice were randomly divided into groups A and B, 10 in each group: A549/ XAF1 stable expression cell strain was subcutaneously injected in group A, and A549/Ctrl stable cell line stable expression cell strain in group B (control group), to observe transplanted tumor growth in nude mice. RESULTS The mRNA and protein expression of XAF1 in A549 cells transfected by Ad5/F35 - XAF1 was significantly higher than in the control group. XAF1 mediated by adenovirus vector demonstrated a dose dependent inhibition of lung cancer cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. This was accompanied by cleavage of caspase -3, -8, -9 and PARP, suggesting activation of intrinsic or extrinsic apoptotic pathways. A cell strain of lung cancer highly expressing XAF1 was established, and this demonstrated delayed tumor growth after transplantation in vivo. CONCLUSION Adenovirus mediated XAF1 gene expression could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in lung cancer cells in vitro; highly stable expression of XAF1 could also significantly inhibit the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mouse, with no obvious adverse reactions observed. Therefore, the XAF1 gene could become a new target for lung cancer treatment.
Media Literacy and Response to Terror News

Increased fear and threat toward terrorism in the current American society is largely due to vivid news coverages, as explained by cultivation theory and mean world syndrome. Media literacy has potential to reduce this perception of fear and threat, such as people high on media literacy will be less likely to be affected by terror news. We focus on representation and reality for investigating the relationship between influence of terror news and media literacy, one component of media literacy framework developed by Primack and Hobbs (2006), which deals with how media messages represent reality. Our study divided participants into two groups, reading terror news or another news without any threat, and measured their levels of media literacy. The results show that media literacy does not reduce the influence of terror news. More solid theory of media literacy is needed in order to resolve this impasse and explain impact of media use on perception of hazardous world.
Five Factors Relating to Students' Academic Advising Experience at a Small, Private, Liberal Arts University

Academic advising is an important part of the college experience but has innate challenges. Much research has been done to try to improve the quality of students’ academic advising experiences, but limited research has focused on student factors that contribute to their experiences. This project sought to discover if certain factors impacted students’ academic advising experiences for better or worse at one institution. The research question guiding the study was “Is there a relationship between students’ academic preparedness, school, gender, class, and ethnicity with their academic advising experiences at a small, private, liberal arts university? ” The 2012 NSSE 2.0 Pilot Study, Academic Advising Module served as the dependent variable and Independent Samples T-tests and Analyses of Variances were calculated for the five aforementioned factors. Statistical results indicated that four factors did not strongly correlate to students’ academic advising experiences, positively or negatively. However, students’ ethnicity (White vs. Non-White) did produce a strong statistical correlation between the means (p = .002). A main reason for this may be the number of international students who were part of the sample and the multiple ways in which they were supported at the institution in the study. While contributing to academic advising literature, the study also draws attention to the high value of multiple touch-points on students’ academic advising experiences. The more faculty and staff take time to invest in students’ academic success, the greater those students’ estimation and satisfaction with their advising.
Motion of a Free-Settling Spherical Particle Driven by a Laser-Induced Bubble.

We document experimentally four different interactions of a laser-induced bubble and a free-settling particle, with different combinations of the geometric and physical parameters of the system. Our force balance model shows that four nondimensional factors involving the particle radius a, the maximum bubble radius R_{max}, the initial separation distance l_{0} between the particle center and the bubble center, the fluid viscosity μ_{f}, and the particle and fluid densities ρ_{p} and ρ_{f}, respectively, in detail l_{0}/R_{max}, a/R_{max}, ρ_{p}/ρ_{f}, and μ^{*}=μ_{f}T_{c}/ρ_{f}R_{max}^{2}, where T_{c}=0. 915R_{max}sqrt[ρ_{f}/(p_{∞}-p_{v})], influence the particle-bubble dynamics, and reasonably predict the maximum particle velocity and the limiting condition when the particle starts to "bounce off" the bubble during bubble growth. In particular, we also discover the high-speed ejection of the particle, and a cavity behind the particle, in cases when initially the particle is in very close proximity to the bubble. These observations offer new insights into the causal mechanism for the enhanced cavitation erosion in silt-laden water.