Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mentha species: In vitro Regeneration and Genetic Transformation

Mentha is a genus of aromatic perennial herbs belonging to the family Lamiaceae. It is distributed mostly in the temperate and sub-temperate regions of the world. Several Mentha species are considered industrial crops as they are a source of essential oils enriched in certain monoterpenes, widely used in food, flavour, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Mentha has a large number of species that differ widely in their characteristics and polyploidy level. It is known to comprise about forty recognizable species. Utilizing crosses between Mentha species, it has been shown that single Mendelian gene(s) control the presence or absence of major compounds such as carvone, menthone, menthol and piperitone. The monogenic basis for conversion of menthone to menthol showed that gene R, either homozygous (RR) or heterozygous (Rr), is responsible for the reduction of menthone to menthol or carvone to carveol. Enzymes involved in monoterpene biosynthesis are described. Pests and pathogens of Mentha that cause substantial damage to the crop and considerable loss in oil yield are also described. Termites, cutworms, whitefly and semiloopers damage different parts of the Mentha plant. A number of microbes, viz. Macrophomia phaseoli and Puccinia menthae, also damage the Mentha plant. Control measures such as the use of insecticides, disease-inhibiting chemicals, and breeding of pest and pathogen resistant plants are reviewed. Agrobacterium genes responsible for the transfer of DNA, and selectable marker genes are discussed. Plant transformation technology has not only played an important role in introducing insecticidal genes into relevant crops but also has become a versatile platform for cultivar improvement as well as for studying gene function in plants.
A Comparative Study of the Antibacterial Efficacy of two Natural Irrigating Solutions with Two Different Root Canal Sealers on E-feacalis

This study aimed to: evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of two natural irrigating solutions (Green Tea, and Propolis) with two different root canal sealers (AH Plus sealer, and Total Fill BC Sealer) against E. faecalis. Methods: One hundred single rooted teeth were selected. All root canals were prepared manually to #50 file. Finally the teeth were sterilized by gamma rays. Each root canal was inoculated with 0.5 ml of E. faecalis. Specimens were divided randomly into two main groups (50 specimens each) according to the irrigating solution; A1 (Green Tea), and A2 (Propolis). Each main group was divided into two subgroups with (25 specimens each) according to the type of sealer used B1 (AH Plus sealer), and B2 (TotalFill BC Sealer). The bacterial sampling counting process was done three times throughout the study. Five specimens from each subgroup were examined by SEM for presence or absence of E. faecalis. Results: The highest mean value of bacterial count was found in (Green tea) (6.50x10x10 ± 1.29x10x10) while the least mean value of bacterial count was found in (Propolis) (with less antibacterial effect 2x10x10 ± 1.33x10x10) with higher antibacterial effect. The highest mean value of bacterial count was found in (AH Plus Sealer) (5.40x10x10 ± 2.44x10x10) with less antibacterial effect while the least mean value of bacterial count was found in (TotalFill BC Sealer) (3.10x10x10 ± 1.54 x10x10) with higher antibacterial effect. Conclusions: Propolis is an effective intracanal irrigant in eradicating E. faecalis. On other hand TotalFill BC Sealer is more effective in reducing E. faecalis. Codex : 45/1710 dentaljournal.forgirls@yahoo.com • Paper extracted from Master Thesis entitled “A Comparative Study of the Antibacterial Efficacy of two Natural Irrigating Solutions with Two Different Root Canal Sealers on E-feacalis” 1. Dentist at the Ministry of Health. 2. Professor and Head of Endodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine (for girls) Al-Azhar University. 3. Professor of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University. 4. Lecturer of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar UniversityAssiut Branch. A Comparative Study of the Antibacterial Efficacy of two Natural Irrigating Solutions with Two Different Root Canal Sealers on E-feacalis Noha M. Nour El Deen(1), Wael H. Kamel(2), Mohamed M. Sherief(3) and Mohammed E. Rokaya(4) ADJ-for Grils, Vol. 4, No. 4, October (2017) — PP. 385:393 The Official Publication of The Faculty of Dental
A SPATIAL REGRESSION APPROACH TO FDI IN VIETNAM: PROVINCE-LEVEL EVIDENCE

Foreign direct investment (FDI) flows into Vietnam have increased significantly in recent years and are distributed unequally between provinces. This paper aims to investigate the locational determinants of FDI in 62 Vietnamese provinces and whether spatial dependence is a significant factor that both researchers and policy-makers should take into account. We report that province-specific per-capita income, secondary education enrolment, labor costs, openness to trade, and domestic investment affect FDI directly within the province itself and have indirect effects on FDI in neighboring provinces. The direct and indirect effects coexist with spill-over effects and spatial dependence between provinces. Our findings indicate that FDI in Vietnam reflects a combination of complex vertical and export platform motivations on the part of foreign investors; and an agglomeration dynamics that may perpetuate the existing regional disparities in the distribution of FDI capital between provinces.
Coal, commerce and communism : Empirical studies on energy history in the Czech Republic

This thesis employs an international comparative perspective to empirically analyse the Czech energy transition between 1830 and 2010. It addresses the utilization of energy in shaping modern economic growth through structural and technological change and the implications of those changes on specialization and foreign trade. New historical data is collected and utilized to investigate the impact of changing institutional settings on energy and economic growth. Through its six papers, the thesis examines how the Czech Republic underwent substantial economic transformation, driven largely by the availability of domestic coal. Coal was important for the location of industries and led to the formation of new industrial clusters and complementary industries. This brought about the region’s first industrialization and gave rise to far-reaching consequences for the country’s development. In the period leading up to Second World War, energy intensity and energy-intensive patterns of trade bore a striking resemblance to the coal-rich West. Post-war institutional turmoil and the seizure of power by the Communist Party led to rapid structural change and forced Czechoslovakia off its energy transition path. The temporary increase in the country’s energy intensity during this central-planning period was, however, far less of a systematic failure. As such, this thesis challenges the general perception of inefficiencies related to a system of central-planning, and for the first time provides quantitative evidence on the East-West divide. (Less)
The response of bird feeding guilds to forest fragmentation reveals conservation strategies for a critically endangered African eco‐region

South African coastal forests form part of two critically endangered eco‐regions and harbor an extinction debt. Remaining fragments are small, isolated, and embedded within a range of human land‐use types. In this study, we ask: how should we invest conservation resources if we want to restore this landscape and prevent predicted extinctions? To answer this question, we use path analyses to determine the direct and indirect effects of forest area, forest connectivity, and matrix land‐use types on species richness within five bird feeding guilds. We found that forest connectivity had a significant direct effect on insectivores—fragments that were more connected had more species of insectivores than those that were isolated. Moreover, forest area had a significant indirect effect on insectivores that was mediated through tree species richness. Larger fragments had more species of trees, which led to more species of insectivores. Fragment area, connectivity, matrix land‐use type, and tree species richness had no significant effects on the species richness of frugivores, nectarivores, granivores, or generalist feeders. To conserve insectivores in coastal forests, conservation efforts should focus on maximizing fragment connectivity across the landscape, but also protect the tree community within fragments from degradation. This can be achieved by including matrix habitats that adjoin forest fragments within forest conservation and restoration plans. Natural matrix habitats can increase connectivity, provide supplementary resources, buffer fragments from degradation, and could play an important role in safeguarding diversity and preventing extinctions in this threatened human‐modified landscape.
Etiologies of Dyspepsia among a Chinese Population: One Hospital-Based Study

Background and Methods: Dyspepsia refers to a collection of upper gastrointestinal symptoms, and the causes may be either organic or functional. The aim of this study was to investigate the etiologies of dyspepsia among a Chinese population in Taiwan. Patients who underwent upper endoscopy for symptoms of dyspepsia were retrospectively analyzed between January and December 2008. Exclusion criteria included cirrhosis with varices, heart-burn sensation as the main symptom, gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatobiliary abnormalities, prior gastric surgery, and use of anti-acid medication for more than 2 months. Patients were classified according to the findings of upper endoscopy. Results: Data from the medical records of 2062 patients were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Normal endoscopic findings, gastritis, gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, reflux esophagitis and esophageal or gastric malignancy accounted for 1174 (56.9%), 215 (10.4%), 254 (12.3%), 194 (9.4%), 182 (8.8%) and 43 (2.1%) cases, respectively. The overall ratio of H. pylori infection was 28.4%. The ratio was the highest in duodenal ulcers and the lowest in reflux esophagitis. A significantly higher ratio of patients with gastric ulcers had a history of aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) usage. Conclusion: Patients with organic dyspepsia, compared to those with functional dyspepsia, were older, male, and had a higher H. pylori infection ratio, a positive relationship with aspirin or NSAIDs usage, and more risk factors. These findings demonstrate that upper endoscopy has a high diagnostic yield in patients in this group.
Power between habitus and reflexivity – introducing Margaret Archer to the power debate

This article introduces Margaret Archer’s research on reflexivity to the power debate, alongside Pierre Bourdieu’s already influential concept of habitus. Both offer significant insights on social conditioning in late modernity. However, their tendency to the extreme of social determinism and voluntarism must be avoided. To do so, this article adopts Haugaard’s family resemblance concept of power, describing habitus and reflexivity as an important new binary of power instead of a conceptual zero-sum game. This strengthens the explanatory role of agency, central to the three dimensions of power, without losing sight of constitutive, structural power. It also helps overcome the habitus–reflexivity dichotomy in social theory and provides a starting point to evaluate Archer’s work from a power perspective.
Isolation and characterization of the causative agent of pasteurellosis, Photobacterium damsela ssp. piscicida, from sole, Solea senegalensis (Kaup)

The first description of pasteurellosis affecting sole, Solea senegalensis (Kaup), cultured in the South-west of Spain is reported. Diseased fish showed no apparent lesions except for a dark skin pigmentation and swelling in the abdominal cavity. Internally, affected specimens showed paleness of liver and kidney and typical white tubercles of 1‐2 mm in diameter in the spleen. Microbiological analysis of these fish revealed the presence, in pure culture from all the organs examined, of one type of bacterial colony which was biochemically and serologically characterized as Photobacterium damsela ssp. piscicida. The sensitivity pattern to antimicrobials and the enzymatic activities of the bacterial extracellular products are described.
Carbon fluxes from the microbial food web to mesozooplankton. An approach in the surface layer of a pelagic area (NW Mediterranean Sea)

The microbial food web structure, the carbon flux between mesozooplankton and the microbial community, and the importance of heterotrophs in the diet of marine zooplankton were investigated in the surface layer of a pelagic area of the NW Mediterranean Sea in five 24-h shipboard experiments: Heterotrophic flagellates grazed 65 % to 91 % of the bacterial production. However, the protozoan community seems also to utilize alternative carbon sources, such as small autotrophs. In most of the experiments, the estimated production of the protozoan 7 mu m was sufficient to supply mesozooplankton carbon demand. Copepods stimulated bacterial growth, presumably through excretion and preference for heterotrophic flagellates. Variations of the experimentally estimated metabolic O/N ratio (oxygen consumption through respiration, relative to nitrogen excretion) indicated that the mesozooplankton nutrition varied with the type of food web found on each occasion. Mesozooplankton directly interacted with the microbial food web by grazing upon heterotrophic protozoa, especially when small phytoplankton dominated the autotrophic community or under oligotrophic conditions.
Effect of surface roughness on a magnetic squeeze film for a sphere in a spherical seat

This article aims to analyze the performance of a magnetic fluid based squeeze film for a sphere in a rough spherical seat. Neuringer-Rosensweig model has been adopted to get the magneto hydrodynamic equations. The stochastic averaging model of Christensen and Tonder has been used to evaluate the effect of surface roughness. The associated Reynolds type equation is derived and solved to obtain the pressure distribution resulting in the calculation of load carrying capacity. The results presented in graphical forms suggest that the adverse effect of transverse surface roughness can be minimized by the positive effect of ferrofluid lubrication at least in the case of negatively skewed roughness. Equally important is the role of variance in augmenting the performance characteristics.
A Comparative Study on Properties of Malaysian Porous Asphalt Mixes with Different Bitumen Contents

Inadequate bitumen content in porous pavement construction may result in incomplete coating of aggregates which a thin bitumen film can oxidize rapidly resulting in premature failure of the pavement. This and presents the effects of porous asphalt prepared with 4.0% and up to 6.0% binder content with 0.5% increments binder. Bitumen penetration grade 60/70 and crushed granite were used in preparing the porous asphalt specimen. The porous asphalt mixes were compacted by applying 50 blows on each face using a Marshall Impact compactor. The specimens were tested for air voids, indirect tensile strength and water permeability and abrasion loss. The moisture sensitivity was assessed according to the AASHTO T283 procedures. The result shows that the increasing of bitumen content has decreased the, bulk density air voids, coefficient of permeability and abrasion loss values However, the Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) has significantly increased and this is a good indication to resistance against moisture sensitivity. It can be concluded that the increasing of bitumen content in porous asphalt has increased the thickness of binder coating around the aggregates. This results reduction in air voids and water permeability, on the other hands it increases resistance to disintegration and ITS value which give better resistance to moisture sensitivity of porous specimens.
Birmingham Numerical modeling of multilayer film coextrusion with experimental validation

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using a finite volume technique and the volume of fluid method of interface tracking is used to model the production of polyester-based multilayered films via coextrusion. Experimental methods encompass both overall flow validation and secondary layer thickness validation. The interpretation of frozen die plugs and layer thickness measurements of unstretched cast films using chloroform washing are used for overall flow validation. For secondary layer thickness validation, layer thickness measurements via both white light interferometry and chloroform washing of stretched final film samples are presented. Good agreement between CFD results and both die plug structures and layer thicknesses from chloroform washing of cast film is observed. When investigating final film samples, there is a good agreement between CFD and white light interferometry, based on individual layer thickness calculations. However, the layer thicknesses from chloroform washing of final films are lower than those obtained from both CFD and white light interferometry. This is attributed to partial crystallization of the thinner polymer at the interface after stretching and heating the film. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 00:000–000, 2014. V C 2014 The Authors. Polymer Engineering & Science published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Plastics Engineers
The Biological Effects of Teucrium polium on the Severity of Primary Dysmenorrhea

Primary dysmenorrhea is a prevalent issue and it can reduce the quality of life in many females worldwide. Based on the properties of Teucrium polium as a herbal medicine with analgesic and inflammatory properties, this triple-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial was performed. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of Teucrium polium on the severity of primary dysmenorrhea in students. In this study, single students were categorized in two groups who received Teucrium Polium (n=35) or placebo (n=35). For the first 3 days of menstruation, subjects were asked to take some capsules containing powder Teucrium polium (250 mg) four times daily for two consecutive menstrual cycles. Pain severity was examined using a visual analog scale. According to the results, there was no significant difference in the pain severity at the baseline between two groups. Pain severity was significantly decreased in both groups after the intervention; however, larger pain reduction was significantly seen in the group which had received Teucrium Polium (p< 0.001). No side effect was observed in the Teucrium Polium-received group. In conclusion feature of Teucrium polium during menstruation led to decrease in the severity of dysmenorrhea.
milligan's trichrome stain for use in comparing the development of penile spines to hair and nails in mice

Penile spines are prevalent throughout the primate world, however they are absent in humans. Penile spines are keratinized, androgen dependent structures that protrude from the glans of the penis. The lack of penile spines has been linked to a longer time of intromission during copulation and is hypothesized to be part of an adaptive suite linked to pair-bonding in humanity’s early hominid ancestors. Other appendages of the skin, such as hair, nails, mammary glands, and teeth all show similar developmental origins through specific interactions between the epithelium and mesenchymal tissue. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of Milligan’s trichrome stain for distinguishing between muscle, collagen, and keratin during skin appendage development. Once this was established, the histology of penile spine, hair, and nail development was compared during postnatal mouse development. Milligan’s trichrome stain proves to be effective for distinguishing keratinized structures and may even be useful in distinguishing between hard and soft keratins. In agreement with previous studies on skin appendage development, penile spine formation is shown to be largely similar to that of hair and nails. However, penile spines develop substantially later than these other structures, with their entire development occurring postnatally. Placodes appear at P7, buds appear by P15, and the keratinized spines appear at P20. By P63 they are fully formed keratinized spines that are exposed to the exterior.
Viabilidade técnica e econômica do trigo irrigado em função de doses e fontes de nitrogênio e à inoculação com Azospirillum brasilense

Azospirillum brasilense is a bacterium known for its biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in wheat crops. However, there is a lack of comprehensive research defining how much mineral N should be applied to maximize the efficiency of BNF and attain high, economically sustainable yields. Moreover, it would be interesting to investigate whether adding urea with N(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) urease inhibitor might increase BNF in grasses. The objective was to study the effect of inoculation with A. brasilense, associated with varying doses and sources of N, and economically evaluating the yield of irrigated wheat. The experiment was conducted in Selvíria – MS in crop years 2014 and 2015 in Oxisol soil type that was not-tilled. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications, in a 2 × 5 × 2 factorial scheme, where 2 N sources (urea and Super N – urea with urease inhibitor enzyme), 5 nitrogen fertilization doses in top-dressing (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha-1), were applied to wheat crops with or without the inoculation of A. brasilense. Our results showed that the supply of N through Super N was not economically superior to the use of conventional urea; therefore, we recommend the use of urea because of the ease of acquisition. The application of 140 kg ha-1 of N combined with inoculation with A. brasilense showed higher grain yield. However, the 50 kg ha-1 dose of urea in the absence of inoculation provided greater economic viability in wheat cultivation, but was not sufficient to ensure high profitability with grain productivity.
Analysis of Watershed Characteristics Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

2 ABSTRACT: Watershed is a natural hydrological entity which allows surface run-off to a defined channel, drainage, stream or river at a particular point. It is the basic unit of water supply, which evolves over time. Morphometric analysis is a quantitative description and analysis of landforms as practiced in geomorphology that applied to a particular kind of landform or to drainage basins. Remote sensing (RS), Geographical Information System (GIS) has proved to be an efficient tool in delineation of drainage pattern and water resources management and its planning. In the present study, GIS and image processing techniques have been adopted for the identification of morphological features and analysing their properties of the Eru river Basin, sub watershed of Mahi river, Rajasthan, India. The basin morphometric parameters such as linear and aerial aspects of the river basin were determined and computed. The study area covers 71.40 km 2 comprising of 3 sub-watersheds. The drainage network of 3 sub-watersheds was delineated using Landsat ETM remote sensing data and standard Survey of India topographical maps on 1:50,000 scale. The drainage network shows that the terrain exhibits dendritic to sub-dendritic drainage pattern. The highest stream order is fourth order. Estimated drainage density is approximately 1.82 and has very coarse to coarse drainage texture. The mean bifurcation ratio is 3.70 that indicate uniform geological structure and lithologies in watershed area. The investigation has shown that as the order of stream increases total length of stream segments is decreases. Hence, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between stream numbers and stream lengths as per the Horton"s law of stream length. The elongation ratio shows that Eru river sub-watershed possesses elongated shape pattern. The study showed that GIS techniques proved to be a competent tool in morphometric analysis.