Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uso de la temperatura de la piel y el espesor del músculo para evaluar la respuesta al entrenamiento de fuerza

ABSTRACT Introduction: Several studies already reported the response of many biomarkers after strength training, but studies using low cost diagnostic imaging tools are rare. Objective: To evaluate the usage of skin temperature and muscle thickness (MT) to monitor muscle response (until 96 hours after) to high-intensity strength training. Methods: This is a short-term longitudinal study with 13 trained, healthy male volunteers. Volunteers performed five sets of biceps bi-set exercise with their dominant arm with dumbbells, with load of 70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). The ultrasound (US) and thermal images were acquired before and immediately after the last set, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after exercise. Results: The analysis was divided in two stages: acute muscle response (until 24 hours after training) and delayed muscle response (from 24 to 96 hours after training). The elbow flexors thickness showed the peak value immediately after the last set of training. Skin temperature (on elbow flexors) and the elbow flexors thickness grew continuously from 24 to 96 hours after strength training. There is a high correlation (r=0.941, p=0.017) between skin temperature and muscle thickness from the end of exercise until 96 hours after strength training. Conclusions: The US images showed high sensibility for muscle physiological changes on the first 24 hours after exercise. On the other hand, the thermal images had higher sensibility for muscle physiological changes than US images from 24 to 96 hours after training.Keywords: musculoskeletal system, musculoskeletal physiological phenomena, ultrasonics, thermography, resistance training.
The effects of multimedia advertising on building brand equity

Article history: Received January 22, 2014 Accepted 7 July 2014 Available online July 8 2014 This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the effects of multimedia advertisement on building brand equity. The proposed study uses two questionnaires, one for multimedia advertisement, which consists of 17 questions and the other one for measuring brand equity. The survey is applied among 384 randomly selected customers who do their daily businesses with banks located in province of Kordestan, Iran. Using Pearson correlation as well as linear regression techniques, the study has determined a positive and meaningful relationship between these two variables. In our survey, word of mouth advertisement seems to have the highest impact on brand equity followed by having seminars. © 2014 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Knowledge Spillovers and Inequality

We develop a dynamic model with knowledge spillovers in production. The model contains two opposing forces. Imitation of other firms helps followers catch up with leaders, but the prospect of doing so makes followers want to free ride. The second force dominates and creates permanent inequality. We show that the greater are the average spillovers and the easier they are to obtain, the greater is the free-riding and inequality. More directed copying raises inequality by raising the free-riding advantages of hanging back. Using Compustat and patent-citation data we find that copying is highly undirected.
Attachment Styles as a Predictor of Emotional Intelligence

Th e purpose of this study is to examine if attachment styles predict emotional intelligence (intrapersonal, interpersonal, adaptability, stress management, and general mood). Participants of the study consisted of 463 (272 females, 191 males) undergraduate students selected randomly from diff erent faculties of Selcuk University. Regression and correlation analyses were used for data analysis. Results indicate that there is a significant positive correlation between the secure attachment style and all subscales of emotional intelligence abilities. Results also indicate that attachment styles significantly explain emotional intelligence and secure attachment style predict all sub-dimensions of emotional intelligence.
SELECTION OF VEGETATIVE AND GENERATIVE CHARACTERS OF ARABICA COFFEE BY USING SEQUENTIAL PATH ANALYSIS AND STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELS

ABSTRACTInterrelations among vegetative, generative and yield characters incoffee plantation is important in breeding and selection programs.Interrelationships among these characters are the causal model and it canbe analyzed by Sequential Path Analysis (SPA). This research was carriedout at Pakuwon Experimental Station located at 450 m above sea level, inLatosol soil type with B type of climate, from December 2010 to April2012. The objectives of this research is to analyze the direct or indirectinfluence of several vegetative and generative characters on yieldcharacters of Arabica coffee through the application of SPA and StructuralEquation Models (SEM). The observation method with systematicsampling on 40 Arabica coffee plants of Kartika 1 and Kartika 2 varietieswere used in this study. The results showed that the number of cherries ofArabica coffee var. Kartika 1 and 2 population in Pakuwon ExperimentalStation were affected directly by generative and indirectly by vegetativecharacters. Plant height and stem girth can be used as positive selectioncriteria for high yielding at vegetatite phase, while the character of widthcanophy can be used as negative selection criteria. In generative phase, thecharacter of quantity of productive branches and the amount of berries andflower cluster can be used as positive selection criteria.Keywords: Coffea arabica, selection, vegetative, generative, yield,sequential path analysis, structural equation modelsABSTRAKKeterkaitan antara karakter vegetatif, generatif dan hasil padatanaman kopi merupakan hal penting dalam program pemuliaan danseleksi. Model saling keterkaitan antar karakter tersebut adalah modelsebab-akibat dan dapat dianalisis melalui Analisis Lintasan Bertahap(ALB). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Pakuwon, padaketinggian tempat 450 m dpl, jenis tanah Latosol, dan tipe iklim B, mulaibulan Desember 2010 sampai April 2012. Tujuan penelitian adalah untukmenganalisis beberapa karakter vegetatif dan generatif yang berpengaruhterhadap karakter hasil tanaman kopi Arabika melalui penggunaan ALBdan Model Persamaan Struktural (MPS). Metode yang digunakan adalahmetode observasi dengan teknik penentuan pohon contoh secara sistematissebanyak 40 tanaman kopi Arabika varietas Kartika 1 dan Kartika 2. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah buah pada populasi kopi Arabikavarietas Kartika 1 dan 2 di KP Pakuwon dipengaruhi secara langsung olehkarakter generatif dan secara tidak langsung oleh karakter vegetatif. Padafase vegetatif, karakter tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang dapatdigunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi positif untuk produksi tinggi,sedangkan karakter lebar tajuk dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksinegatif. Pada fase generatif, karakter jumlah cabang produktif serta jumlahklaster buah dan bunga dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi positif.Kata kunci: Kopi arabika, seleksi, vegetatif, generatif, hasil, analisislintasan bertahap, model persamaan struktural
VALIDATION OF 'FEMALE FIGURE IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUE (FFIT) FOR APPAREL ' SOFTWARE

The software “Female Figure Identification Technique (FFIT) for Apparel’ was developed at North Carolina State University, College of Textiles as a starting point to classify females based on their body shapes. The nine body shapes identified in the software could be used effectively to implement mass customization strategies in the apparel retail industry. In addition the shapes could be used in developing new sizing standards for the apparel industry. The software was built using a convenience sample of 253 female subjects primarily from the state of North Carolina. This study was developed to validate the software using a larger population. Multivariate statistical methods of discriminant analysis and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) were used for the validation process. The percentage accuracy of the FFIT for Apparel © software was found to be around 90% and was better than the discriminant function developed from the training sample used to build the software. During the validation process, the scans were visually analyzed and many interesting details throwing light on the influence of body scan data on shape analysis were found.
Identification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in different colour carrot (Daucus carota L.) cultivars using static headspace/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Abstract Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as well as sugar and acid contents affect carrot flavour. This study compared VOCs in 11 carrot cultivars. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using static headspace technique was applied to analyse the VOCs. The number of VOCs per sample ranged from 17 to 31. The primarily VOCs identified in raw carrots with the exception of “Yellow Stone” were terpenes, ranging from 65 to 95%. The monoterpenes with values ranging from 31 to 89% were higher than those (from 2 to 15%) of sesquiterpenes. Monoterpene α-terpinolene (with ranging from 23 to 63%) and (-)-α-pinene (26%), and alcohol ethanol (35%) was the main VOC in extracts from the nine carrot cultivars, “Purple” and “Yellow Stone”, respectively. As a result, among 16 identified monoterpenes, 7 monoterpenes (-)-α-pinene, (-)-β-pinene, β-myrcene, d-limonene, γ-terpinene, α-terpinolene and p-cymene constituted more than 60% of total VOCs identified in carrots including “Atomic Red”, “Nantes”, “Cosmic Purple”, “Red Samurai”, “Eregli Black”, “White Satin”, “Parmex” and “Baby Carrot”. Thus, these cultivars may advise to carrot breeders due to the beneficial effects of terpenes, especially monoterpenes on health.
Analysis of variability of plasma leptin and lipids concentration in relations to glycolytic potential, intramuscular fat and meat quality in P76 pigs.

The aim of the study was the analyse of the variability and relationship between plasma leptin and lipids concentration, glycolytic potential, intramuscular fat and meat quality in P76-PenArLan hybrids pigs. The research was carried out on 30 pigs (18 boars and 12 gilts). In blood plasma, taken in vivo, leptin, triglycerides, total and HDL cholesterol were measured. Slaughter value of carcass was evaluated by CGM apparatus. On the basis of pH value, meat colour and natural drip loss, meat quality was estimated. Intramuscular fat and glycolytic potential was also determined. Obtained results showed a signifi cant inversely relationship between: a. plasma leptin level and backfat thickness and b. between intramuscular fat and glycolytic potential in muscle. Cluster analysis showed that studied pigs had been divided into three metabolic type groups differed signifi cantly in plasma leptin, triglycerides, total and LDL cholesterol concentration, backfat thickness, glycolytic potential and drip loss.
The utility of repeat Xpert MTB/RIF testing to diagnose tuberculosis in HIV-positive adults with initial negative result

Background: Amongst HIV-positive adults in South Africa with initial negative Xpert results, we compared the yield from repeating Xpert MTB/RIF (“Xpert”) on sputum to guideline-recommended investigation for tuberculosis (TB). Methods: A systematic sample of adults attending for HIV care were enrolled in a cohort exploring TB investigation pathways. This substudy was restricted to those at highest risk of TB (CD4<200 cells/mm 3 or unknown) who had a negative initial Xpert result. At attendance for the Xpert result, a repeat sputum sample was stored, and further investigations facilitated per national guidelines. Participants were reviewed monthly, with reinvestigation if indicated, for at least three months, when sputum and blood were cultured for mycobacteria, and the stored sputum tested using Xpert. We defined TB as “confirmed” if Xpert, line probe assay or Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture within six months of enrolment were positive, and “clinical” if TB treatment was started without microbiological confirmation. Results: Amongst 227 participants with an initial negative Xpert result (63% female, median age 37 years, median CD4 count 100 cells/mm 3), 28 (12%) participants had TB diagnosed during study follow-up (16 confirmed, 12 clinical); stored sputum tested positive on Xpert in 5/227 (2%). Amongst 27 participants who started TB treatment, the basis was bacteriological confirmation 11/27 (41%); compatible imaging 11/27 (41%); compatible symptoms 2/27 (7%); and unknown 3/27 (11%). Conclusions: Amongst HIV-positive individuals at high risk of active TB with a negative Xpert result, further investigation using appropriate diagnostic modalities is more likely to lead to TB treatment than immediately repeating sputum for Xpert. TB diagnostic tests with improved sensitivity are needed.
Comparison of single and joint effects of Zn and Cu in continuous flow and batch reactors

BACKGROUND: Microbial behavior in batch reactors may be different from that in continuous flow reactors, which is expected to affect microbial response to heavy metal exposure. Four parallel continuous flow reactors and batch growth tests were used to investigate the single and joint toxicity of Zn and Cu to Artrobacter sp. JM018. RESULTS: The results indicated that Cu is more toxic than Zn under all conditions. In the batch reactors, all Zn concentrations showed a stimulatory effect on microbial growth. However in the continuous system, 125 µmol L−1 Zn exposure produced inhibition. In the case of mixed Zn and Cu exposures in the batch system, the presence of Zn reduced the severity of Cu inhibition, with a net impact of reduced growth in all cases, whereas in the continuous system microbial growth and substrate utilization rates sharply decreased and ceased. CONCLUSION: The results clearly showed that growth in batch reactors underestimated significantly the heavy metal inhibition, compared with the continuous system. Therefore, the results of batch reactor tests should not be used directly when heavy metal inhibition is to be interpreted for continuous flow systems. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Factors Affecting Ballability of Mixture Iron Ore Concentrates and Iron Oxide Bearing Wastes in Metallurgical Processing

Iron oxide bearing wastes (IOBS) are produced at every part of processing stage of sinter, molten iron and steel production. They are hard to handle and in many cases are stockpiled only to be a source of environmental pollution. However, they can be balled into pellets. Pellets characterized by good ballability values are transportable and recyclable as they can withstand stress without disintegrating back to dust. Yet, ballability is affected by certain factors like the grain sizes of the materials, the moisture and binder contents of the ball mix, wettability of the balled materials and the processing perimeters of the granulator. The objective of this research work is to investigate the factors affecting ballability of mixture of iron ore concentrates and iron oxide bearing wastes in metallurgical processing. The parameters under consideration were: grain size of materials, the moisture contents, speed of balling disc, IOBS and bentonite (binder) contents of the balled mix. The investigation was carried out by balling different volume fractions of mix containing iron oxide concentrate and IOBS using a balling disc and testing the resulting balls for green compressive strength using an universal testing machine. It was found that the ballability of the mixture of iron ore concentrate and IOBS increases as grain sizes of the materials reduce but increases as the moisture contents and IOBS content increase up to an optimum value of moisture content in the mix before it starts to reduce. The ballability also increases along with the speed of the granulator (balling disc) within the limit of this work. An increase in ballability with a slight raise in bentonite content in the mix was observed as well.
Invertebrate traits for the biomonitoring of large European rivers: an initial assessment of alternative metrics

SUMMARY 1. The application of environmental policy and legislation across large-scale administrative units creates a growing need for standard tools to assess and monitor the ‘ecological health’ of rivers, a requirement that can be achieved through the description of ecological functions of lotic invertebrate species in river communities. 2. To assess alternative metrics, we tested how the functional structure (described by 14 biological traits) of invertebrate communities in 190 large river reaches differed with respect to differences in taxonomic resolution (species, genus, family), taxa weighting of traits (raw abundance, ln-transformed abundance, presence–absence data) and consideration of alien species (inclusion or exclusion), and how these differences influenced the potential of functional descriptions to discriminate river reaches across a gradient of multiple human impacts. 3. Functional descriptions derived at the level of species, genera and families were very similar, whereas functional descriptions derived from raw abundances differed significantly from those derived from both ln-transformed abundances and presence–absence data. Functional descriptions after the exclusion of alien species differed considerably from those including alien species. 4. Generally, the functional descriptions significantly discriminated river reaches according to the level of human impact. Taxonomic resolution scarcely influenced the discrimination of impact levels, whereas the use of raw abundances decreased impact discrimination in comparison with ln-transformed abundances and presence–absence data. Exclusion of alien species also decreased discrimination of impact levels. 5. When considered separately, individual biological traits describing maximal size, number of descendants per reproductive cycle, number of reproductive cycles per individual, life duration of adults, reproductive method, parental care, body form and feeding habits had the highest potential to discriminate the level of human impact. 6. Our findings indicate that genus or perhaps family identifications are sufficient for large-river biomonitoring using invertebrate traits. Although raw abundances could provide a better discrimination of low levels of human impact, presence–absence data
Partial factors calibration based on reliability analyses for square footings on granular soils

Partial safety factors for square footings for highway bridges resting on granular soils have been determined based on reliability analyses. Some example cases are chosen based on a database which includes detailed information of 1869 actually constructed highway bridge pier shallow foundations in one fiscal year in Japan. The designs obtained, using calculations based on the bearing capacity equations by Meyerhof and by Brinch Hansen as modified by Vesic, are compared. The uncertainties involved in the bearing capacity equations are investigated through a comprehensive literature review. The seismic forces determined from the peaks over threshold analysis and fitted to a general Pareto distribution have been considered. The first-order reliability method (FORM) and Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) are employed to determine and compare the 100-year failure probabilities of the shallow foundations designed. It is found that FORM gives a considerably lower failure probability than MCS. Finally, partial factors.
Loading and light degradation characteristics of Bt toxin on nanogoethite: a potential material for controlling the environmental risk of Bt toxin

Transgenic Bt-modified crops release toxins into soil through root exudates and upon decomposition of residues. The fate of these toxins in soil has not been yet clearly elucidated. Nanogoethite was found to have a different influence on the lifetime and insecticidal activity of Bt toxin. The aim of this study was to elucidate the adsorption characteristics of Bt toxin on nanogoethite and its activity changes before and after adsorption. The adsorption of toxin on nanogoethite reached equilibrium within 5 h, and the adsorption isotherm of Bt toxin on nanogoethite conformed to the Langmuir equation (R2 > 0.9690). In the range of pH from 6.0 to 8.0, larger adsorption occurred at lower pH value. The toxin adsorption decreased with the temperature between 10 and 50°C. The results of FTIR, XRD, and SEM indicated that toxin did not influence the structure of nanogoethite and the adsorption of toxin only on the surface of nanogoethite. The LC50 value for bound toxin was higher than that of free toxin, and the nanogoethite greatly accelerated the degradation of toxin by ultraviolet irradiation. The above results suggested that nanogoethite is a potential material for controlling the environmental risk of toxin released by Bt transgenic plants.
Post-editing machine translation as an FSL exercise

Este articulo (que continua la investigacion previa) examina la utilidad de la traduccion automatica (TA) en la post-edicion (PE) de textos de los avanzados estudiantes anglofonos de licenciatura en frances. Tras un esbozo de la turbulenta historia de la TA, echamos una mirada a las varias maneras de presentarla a una clase de traduccion y concluimos que la PE es de lejos el metodo mas util, sobre todo por la concienciacion que impone de los limites de la TA y de las propiedades fundamentales del lenguaje que subyacen a estos. Por medio de un breve estudio de escritos relativos a las practicas y a los desafios de la PE, y gracias especialmente a un estudio psicolinguistico de Krings (2001), senalamos las principales diferencias entre la PE profesional y el resultado de nuestro experimento pedagogico. Un analisis de los errores estudiantiles en un ejercicio de PE (del ingles al frances) se compara con el ejercicio analogo de la fase inicial (del frances al ingles), luego con los resultados en pura TA, sin PE, del mismo texto, y finalmente con las traducciones de estudiantes hechas sin TA. Para terminar, los comentarios estudiantiles sobre el ejercicio nos llevan a creer que este beneficia sobre todo a los estudiantes flojos.
Influence of silicon on the development, productivity and infestation by insect pests in potato crops

A cultura da batata e suscetivel a diversos insetos-praga, incluindo os pulgoes (Hemiptera: Aphididae) e a vaquinha Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). A inducao de resistencia, por meio do tratamento com silicio, e uma das taticas usadas no manejo integrado de pragas. Objetivou-se, no presente trabalho avaliar o efeito da aplicacao foliar de acido silicico sobre o desenvolvimento, produtividade e grau de infestacao por pulgoes e vaquinhas, em batateiras cultivadas em composto orgânico ou fertilizante quimico. Foram testados quatro tratamentos: plantas cultivadas em solo suplementado com composto orgânico (30 t/ha) (tratadas e nao tratadas com 0,5% de acido silicico) e plantas cultivadas em solo suplementado com fertilizante NPK (4:14:8; 4 t/ha; tratadas e nao tratadas com 0,5% de acido silicico). O numero de pulgoes e vaquinhas observados nas folhas, assim como o numero de lesoes causadas pelas vaquinhas, foi determinado durante o desenvolvimento das plantas. A altura e o diâmetro da haste foram determinados 60 dias apos a emergencia das hastes, enquanto a produtividade foi determinada 95 dias apos o plantio da batata-semente. Pelos resultados demonstrou-se que nao houve interacao entre a aplicacao de silicio e o tipo de cultivo. Alem disso, a incidencia de vaquinhas e pulgoes nao foi influenciada pela aplicacao foliar semanal de silicio, bem como o desenvolvimento e produtividade da cultura. Embora o desenvolvimento e produtividade das plantas cultivadas na presenca de composto orgânico tenha sido inferior aquelas cultivadas em presenca de fertilizante quimico, as primeiras mostraram-se menos suscetiveis ao ataque das vaquinhas.