Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Removal of COD from Textile Mill Wastewater by Electro-Coagulation Process Using SS/Al as Composite Hydrogel Electrode

Textile industry, is a major consumer of water for different wet processes of operations. It is concern owing to significant organic matter and dyeing agents which produce color, inturn contributes high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). The Electrocoagulation (EC) process is considered as an effective treatment in the removal of dye and COD from textile mill wastewater. This paper focuses on, the performance of an EC process by incorporating titanium plates (Electro-oxidation) for the treatment of textile mill wastewater. The wastewater was characterized for COD, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), pH, conductivity, chlorides, turbidity and color. The effect of operating parameters such as current density, electrolysis time, and initial COD concentration was studied. Furthermore, energy and electrode consumption was also examined. The optimum electrolysis time and voltage for Stainless Steel–Titanium (SS-Ti) and Aluminium–Titanium (Al-Ti) was found to be 60 min at 14 V and 45 min at 16 V respectively. The COD removal efficiency of SS coated with sodium alginate hydrogel in combination with Ti was found to be 90% and Al coated with sodium alginate hydrogel in combination with Ti was observed 87%. The electrode dissolution of SS was 0.62 mg/L and Al was 0.125 mg/L at 16 V at 60 mins and 14 V at 45 mins respectively. The power consumption of SS and Al was found to be 9.6 kWh/m and 5.25 kWh/m, respectively. The most suitable EC–EO performance was achieved using Al–Ti electrode in economical terms when compared to SS–Ti electrode.
Molecular mapping of greenbug resistance genes Gb 2 and Gb 6 in T 1 AL . 1 RS wheat-rye translocations

Two greenbug resistance genes Gb2 and Gb6 derived from the same donor rye line Insave , are present in wheat germplasm lines Amigo and GRS1201 , respectively as 1AL.1RS wheat-rye translocations. The allelic relationship between the two genes has not been determined, and no molecular markers for Gb6 are available. In this study, molecular mapping of Gb2 and Gb6 was performed in a mapping population derived from a cross between N96L9970 (Gb6Gb6) and TAM 107 (Gb2Gb2). Segregation among F2:3 families of host responses to infestation of greenbug biotypes E and KS-1 revealed that Gb2 and Gb6 were different linked loci in 1RS. Gb2 and Gb6 were 15.8 cM apart with Gb6 being distal to Gb2. Despite the low number of marker polymorphisms between the parental lines, eight markers linked with Gb2 and Gb6 were identified. The closest marker, XIA294, was 11.4 cM proximal to Gb2. Deletion mapping indicated that both Gb2 and Gb6 were physically located in the satellite region of 1RS.
A Comparative Security Evaluation for IPv 4 and IPv 6 Addresses

Research into port security on IPv4 networks is widespread. This is not the case for IPv6 because, until recently scanning the IPv6 address space was considered unfeasible. With the introduction of improved enumeration methods for the IPv6 address space, scanning IPv6 addresses for open ports has become more accessible. In this research we perform a port based security evaluation of dual-stack hosts. We aggregate datasets from various sources to create a final set consisting of 4.5 million dualstack hosts with their A and AAAA DNS records. 3.4 million hosts are reachable via ICMP and are used in this research. We observe that dual-stack hosts are generally more accessible over IPv4 than over IPv6. We see that 26% of hosts have a protocol exposed on IPv4 which is inaccessible over IPv6, while we only find 6% of hosts to have a protocol exposed on IPv6 which is inaccessible over IPv4. Finally, we find more than 50.000 hosts that are accessible over IPv6, but are unreachable over IPv4. Additional research should point out whether such configurations are either intentional, or the result of misconfigurations. Keywords—IPv4, IPv6, security, ports, protocols
Frequency Response Enhan Strained Layer SiGe Photo Physical Simu

An original approach based on a physical model is used to evaluate opto-microwave performances of a vertically illuminated single strained layer SiGe HPT. Analysis of optomicrowave performance is presented at 940nm. The contribution of each region on the dynamic performances is studied. Frequency response enhancement is shown for base optical detection first and also by wavelength analysis while maintaining whole component detection. Increases up to a 9.8 factor for the -3dBbandwidth (f−3dB) in photodiode mode and of a 2.2 factor for the transition optical frequency (fTopt) in phototransistor mode are presented, reaching respectively 19.7GHz and 15.3GHz.
econstor Make Your Publications Visible . A Service of zbw

In this paper, wavelet basis functions are investigated for their suitability for processing and analysing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data. First, wavelet theory is introduced and explained by means of 1d and 2d examples (Sections 1.1 – 1.3). General thresholding techniques, which serve as regularization concepts for wavelet based models, are presented in Section 1.4. Regularization of DTI data can be performed at two stages, either immediately after acquisition (Wirestam et al., 2006) or after tensor estimation. The latter stage of denoising is outlined in Section 6 together with the incorporation of the positive definiteness constraint using log-Cholesky parametrization. In Section 3, the procedure is examined in a simulation study and compared to standard processing and the space-varying coefficient model (SVCM) based on B-splines (Heim et al., 2007). In addition, a real data example is presented and discussed. Finally, an approach is proposed how a space-varying coefficient model could fairly be adapted to wavelet basis functions. The theoretical parts are based on books of Gençay et al. (2002, Chap. 1, 4-6), Härdle et al. (1998), Ogden (1997) and Jansen (2001) if not stated otherwise. For an introduction to diffusion tensor imaging refer to Heim et al. (2007, Chap. 2).
Farm Profits, Prices and Household Behavior

The farm household model, in which decisions about production and consumption are made simultaneously, lies at the heart of many models of development. Empirically modelling these simultaneous choices is not straightforward. The vast majority of empirical studies assume that farm households behave as if markets are complete in which case decision-making simplifies to a recursive system where consumption choices can be treated as if they are made after all production decisions. Previous empirical tests of this assumption have relied on restrictions on production decisions. We develop a new approach to testing based on household consumption choices and implement the procedure using data from rural Indonesia. Relative to production-side tests, the consumption-based test is well-suited to identifying those farm households in any setting whose behavior is consistent with complete markets and those for whom the assumption is rejected. We find the recursion assumption is not rejected for larger farmers but is rejected for small farmers. The tests are straightforward to implement and the results of the tests provide new opportunities to identify the behaviors that households adopt in the face of incomplete markets.
Students ’ Motivation towards Science Learning and Students ’ S cience Achievement

The aim of this study is to identify the level of students’ motivation towards science learning and students’ science achievement. This study also identifies gender differences and examine how the students’ motivation towards science learning relates with parental education level and students’ science achievement. There are 165 respondents involved who have been selected randomly from ten secondary schools in Pahang, Malaysia. A survey questionnaire was utilized in this study and the instrument employed was Students’ Motivation towards Science Learning (SMTSL). The result revealed that the students were moderately motivated towards science learning and achieved mid-low achievement in their science subjects. There was a significant difference in the mean of student’s motivation towards science learning scores for male students (M= 3.5418, SD= .44206) and female students [M= 3.7133, SD= . 44106; t (163) = 2.361, p= . 019]. The female students were significantly more motivated than male students in learning science. The result of the study indicated that students’ motivation towards science learning has a significant correlation with students’ science achievement (r =.354*, r2=.125, p=.000). Finally, recommendations are given to parents, teachers, policymakers and educational administrators, and serve as a means to improve students’ science achievement.
Glutaredoxin regulation of pro -inflammatory responses in a model of diabetic retinopathy

By MELISSA DEANN SHELTON Protein S-glutathionylation is a reversible post-translational modification that is important in redox signal transduction and cellular defense against oxidative stress. Sglutathionylation occurs when a cysteine residue forms a mixed disulfide with glutathione. Glutaredoxin 1 is an enzyme that catalyzes the specific and efficient reversal of glutathionylation (de-glutathionylation). Roles for Grx1 in diabetic retinopathy, a disease characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation, had not been explored prior to the current study. Grx activity was found to be increased in retinae from diabetic rats. Incubation of rat retinal Müller glial cells (rMC-1) in normal glucose medium (5 mM) or diabetic-like glucose medium (25 mM, high glucose) led to corresponding increases in Grx content and activity. High glucose also led to increased nuclear translocation of NFκB and production of ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1), a transcriptional product of NFκB and known pro-inflammatory mediator in diabetic retinopathy. To evaluate the role of Grx1 in mediating these changes, Grx1 in rMC-1 cells was upregulated in normal glucose medium via infection with an adenoviral Grx1 construct (Ad-Grx1). Ad-Grx1 treatment led to increased NFκB activity and ICAM-1 production.
Reservation Strategies for Stochastic Jobs

In this paper, we are interested in scheduling stochastic jobs on a reservation-based platform. Specifically, we consider jobs whose execution time follows a known probability distribution. The platform is reservation-based, meaning that the user has to request fixed-length time slots. The cost then depends on both (i) the request duration (pay for what you ask); and (ii) the actual execution time of the job (pay for what you use). A reservation strategy determines a sequence of increasing-length reservations, which are paid for until one of them allows the job to successfully complete. The goal is to minimize the total expected cost of the strategy. We provide some properties of the optimal solution, which we characterize up to the length of the first reservation. We then design several heuristics based on various approaches, including a brute-force search of the first reservation length while relying on the characterization of the optimal strategy, as well as the discretization of the target continuous probability distribution together with an optimal dynamic programming algorithm for the discrete distribution. We evaluate these heuristics using two different platform models and cost functions: The first one targets a cloud-oriented platform (e.g., Amazon AWS) using jobs that follow a large number of usual probability distributions (e.g., Uniform, Exponential, LogNormal, Weibull, Beta), and the second one is based on interpolating traces from a real neuroscience application executed on an HPC platform. An extensive set of simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed reservation-based approaches for scheduling stochastic jobs.
MAGNETIC LEVITATION OF LARGE LIQUID VOLUME V.Bojarevics,

It is well known from experiments and industrial applications of cold crucible melting that an intense AC magnetic field can be used to levitate large volumes of liquid metal in the terrestrial conditions. The levitation confinement mechanism for large volumes of fluid is considerably different from the case of a small droplet, where surface tension plays a key role in constraining the liquid outflow at the critical bottom point. The dynamic interaction between the oscillatory motion of the free surface and the effects of turbulent flow is analysed using a unified numerical model, which describes the time dependent behaviour of the liquid metal and the magnetic field. The MHD modified k-ω turbulence model is used to describe the mixing and damping properties at smaller scales not resolved by the macro model. The numerical multiphysics simulations suggest that it is possible to levitate a few kilograms of liquid metal in a cold crucible without requiring mechanical support from the container walls. Possible applications to the processing of reactive metals are discussed.
Separation control in a hypersonic compression ramp interaction

Microramp sub-boundary layer vortex generators minimize the extent of shock-induced separation zones and stabilize shock oscillations, thereby reducing detrimental effects on the performance of high-speed propulsion systems. This study investigates the influence of longitudinal vortices, as introduced by microramps, on a fully separated hypersonic shock-wave/turbulent-boundary-layer interaction. We combine computational and experimental data to provide a framework for detailed investigations of the turbulence structure in complex high-speed compression ramp flows. Large-eddy simulations of two cases corresponding to two experimentally tested conditions are carried out. The first case is a baseline one that consists of a fully separated 33◦ compression ramp interaction in a Mach-7.2 flow. The second case explores separation control by studying the effect of a row of microramps located upstream of the main compression ramp. The effect of the microramps is represented in the computations by the extra vortex pairs induced in their wakes, which are characterized in isolated microramp simulations and injected in an augmented inflow boundary condition of the main ramp simulations. A dynamic-mode decomposition is applied to the time-resolved numerical data to identify the coherent structures in the baseline and controlled flow fields that are primarily responsible for the characteristics of the separation zones.
Identification and characterization of HolGH 15 : the holin of Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage GH 15

Holins are phage-encoded hydrophobic membrane proteins that spontaneously and nonspecifically accumulate and form lesions in the cytoplasmic membrane. The ORF72 gene (also designated HolGH15) derived from the genome of the Staphylococcus aureus phage GH15 was predicted to encode a membrane protein. An analysis indicated that the protein encoded by HolGH15 potentially consisted of two hydrophobic transmembrane helices. This protein exhibited the structural characteristics of class II holins and belonged to the phage_holin_1 superfamily. Expression of HolGH15 in Escherichia coli BL21 cells resulted in growth retardation of the host cells, which was triggered prematurely by the addition of 2,4-dinitrophenol. The expression of HolGH15 caused morphological alterations in engineered E. coli cells, including loss of the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane integrity and release of intracellular components, which were visualized by transmission electron microscopy. HolGH15 exerted efficient antibacterial activity at 37 8C and pH 5.2. Mutation analysis indicated that the two transmembrane domains of HolGH15 were indispensable for the activity of the full-length protein. HolGH15 showed a broad antibacterial range: it not only inhibited Staphylococcus aureus, but also demonstrated antibacterial activity against other species, including Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli. At the minimal inhibitory concentration, HolGH15 evoked the release of cellular contents and resulted in the shrinkage and death of Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes cells. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report of a Staphylococcus aureus phage holin that exerts antibacterial activity against heterogeneous pathogens. Received 7 October 2015 Accepted 11 February 2016
An Efficient Indexing Method for Load Networks

We propose a new indexing method, called the Hilbert-tree, to support the fast retrieval on road networks. Our goals are twofold: increasing the storage utilization and decreasing the directory coverage of the index tree. The first goal is achieved by absorbing splitting if possible, and when splitting is necessary, converting two nodes to three. This is done by proposing a good ordering on the directory nodes. The second goal is achieved by representing the directory regions compactly. We note that there is a trade-off between above two design goals, but the Hilbert-treee is so flexible that it can control the trade-off. We present the design of our index tree and associated algorithms. In addition, we report the results of a series of tests, comparing the proposed index tree with the buddy-tree, which is one of the most successful access methods for a multidimensional space. The results show the superiority of our method.
Title Efficient derivation of dopaminergic neurons from SOX 1 (-) floorplate cells under defined culture conditions

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease associated with loss of dopaminergic neurons. Derivation of dopaminergic neurons from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) could provide new therapeutic options for PD therapy. Dopaminergic neurons are derived from SOX floor plate (FP) cells during embryonic development in many species and in human cell culture in vitro. Early treatment with sonic hedgehog (Shh) has been reported to efficiently convert hESCs into FP lineages. Methods: In this study, we attempted to utilize a Shh-free approach in deriving SOX1 FP cells from hESCs in vitro. Neuroectoderm conversion from hESCs was achieved with dual inhibition of the BMP4 (LDN193189) and TGF-β signaling pathways (SB431542) for 24 h under defined culture conditions. Results: Following a further 5 days of treatment with LDN193189 or LDN193189 + SB431542, SOX1 FP cells constituted 70–80 % of the entire cell population. Upon treatment with Shh and FGF8, the SOX1 FP cells were efficiently converted to functional Nurr1 and TH dopaminergic cells (patterning), which constituted more than 98 % of the entire cell population. However, when the same growth factors were applied to SOX1 cells, only less than 4 % of the cells became Nurr1, indicating that patterning was effective only if SOX1 expression was down-regulated. After transplanting the Nurr1 and TH cells into a hemiparkinsonian rat model, significant improvements were observed in amphetamine induced ipslateral rotations, apomorphine induced contra-lateral rotations and Rota rod motor tests over a duration of 8 weeks. Conclusions: Our findings thus provide a convenient approach to FP development and functional dopaminergic neuron derivation.
VIDEO MEASUREMENTS OF FLOCCULATED SEDIMENT IN LAKES AND ESTUARIES IN THE USA

The flocculation of suspended cohesive matter has a direct effect on water quality and related environmental issues. This paper primarily describes a recently developed low intrusive INSSEV_LF: IN-Situ Settling Velocity system, which permits the direct, in situ measurement of both floc size (D) and settling velocity (Ws), simultaneously. The measurement process comprises initially capturing a suspension containing a floc population from the water column (usually with a van Dorn bottle) and this is returned to the surface vessel. Flocs are then extracted from the sampling unit and carefully transferred to the LabSFLOC Laboratory Spectral Flocculation Characteristics apparatus where the flocs are viewed as silhouettes, during settling, by a high resolution imaging system. By measuring a floc population within a controlled volume, floc properties such as porosity, dry mass and mass settling flux can be calculated. Floc population examples were presented for three locations. The first was the turbidity maximum zone in San Francisco Bay, where the suspended solids concentration (SSC) was 170 mg.l-1 and many low density macroflocs up to 400 m in diameter, settling at speeds of 4-8 mm.s-1 were observed. The second location was the shallow (1.7 m mean depth), freshwater environment of Lake Apopka in Florida. It which is highly eutrophic, and demonstrating a turbid SSC of 750 mg.l-1 within a benthic suspension layer, resulted in D from 45 m up to 1,875 m; 80% of the floc were > 160 m (i.e. macroflocs). Present theories for the settling of flocs rely on fractal theory of self-similarity, but this does not appear to be applicable to the Lake Apopka flocs because they do not possess any basic geometric unit that is the building block of higher order fractal structures. Bioflocculation is deemed extremely important in freshwater environments such as lakes. The Lake Apopka macroflocs (D > 160 m) encompassed 92% of the floc mass, and demonstrating a Wsmacro of 1.7 mm.s-1 (twice as fast as the Wsmicro), this translated into the macroflocs contributing 96.4% of the total mass settling flux (1.5 g.m-2s-1). Lake Tahoe, which crosses into both California and Nevada, was the final study location. With a maximum depth of 501 m, it is the second deepest freshwater lake in the USA. However it less turbid than Lake Apopka, with SSC rarely exceeding 10 mg.l-1 during the floc surveys. At depths of both 5 m and 450 m, the SSC was 9.6 and 3 mg.l-1, respectively. Flocs at both depths exhibited Ws of 2-5 mm.s-1. Whereas at a depth of 35 m, the SCC was 6.8 mg.l-1 and the flocs fell comparatively slowly (Ws of 0.03-2.4 mm s-1) which suggest that the floc population at 35 m will have a long residence time in the water column, thus impairing long term light penetration. Interestingly, the MSF at 450 m was 10.8 mg.m-2s-1, which was double the flux measured at 35 m, even though the deep water was only half as turbid.
Oxidized low density lipoproteins stimulate galactosyltransferase activity , ras activation , p 44 mitogen activated protein kinase and c-fos expression in aortic smooth muscle cells

Previously, our laboratory has shown that oxidized low density lipoproteins (Ox-LDL) can exert a concentrationdependent stimulation in the proliferation of aortic smooth muscle cells, "a hallmark in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis" (ChatterjeeyS. (1992) Mol Cell Biochenu, 111, 143147). Here we report a novel aspect of Ox-LDL-mediated signal transduction. We demonstrate that in aortic smooth muscle cells, Ox-LDL stimulates the activity of a UDPgalactose:glucosylceramide pi—*4 galactosyltransferase (GalT-2) and phosphorylation/activation of p mitogenactivated protein (MAP) kinase (p MAPK). The activity of GalT-2 increased about 2-fold within 2.5-5 min of incubation of cells with Ox-LDL (10 ug/ml). After 5 min of incubation of cells with Ox-LDL, but not LDL, there was a 2-fold increase in the activity of p MAPK. Phosphoamino acid analysis employing thin layer chromatography revealed that the tyrosine and threonine moieties of p MAPK was phosphorylated by Ox-LDL. D-l-Phenyl-2decanoylarnino-3-morpholino-l-propanol (D-PDMP; a potent inhibitor of GaIT-2) impaired the Ox-LDL mediated induction of p MAPK activity and the phosphorylation of tyrosine and threonine residues in p MAPK. This phenomenon was bypassed by the simultaneous addition of lactosylceramide. The upstream and downstream parameters in MAP kinase signaling pathways were investigated next We found that Ox-LDL stimulated (9-fold) the loading of GTP on Ras. Interestingly, Ox-LDL specifically induced c-fos mRNA expression (6.5-fold) in these cells, as compared to the control. Thus, one of the biochemical mechanisms in Ox-LDL mediated induction in the proliferation in aortic smooth muscle cells may involve GalT-2 activation, lactosylceramide production, Ras GTP loading, activation of the kinase cascade, and c-fos expression.