Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Continuity between Waking Life and Dreaming: Are All Waking Activities Reflected Equally Often in Dreams?

The present study investigated the frequency of cognitive activities such as writing, reading, and using a computer in comparison to activities like walking or talking with friends. Analysis indicated that focused thinking activity occurs rarely in dreams. The findings, thus, are consistent with the theory which holds that dreams reflect emotional concerns of the dreamer.
Do High Ability Managers Smooth Earnings to Signal Private Information ?

In this study, we investigate whether managerial ability is related to income smoothing and if so, whether smoothing associated with managerial ability is informative about future earnings. Using a sample of firms for the period of 1991-2009, we find that discretionary smoothing due to high ability managers is greater than that due to low ability managers and that this relation is more pronounced for firms with high information asymmetry. More importantly, we show discretionary smoothing is only useful when employed by high ability managers in firms that face high levels of information asymmetry. Overall, our results suggest that high ability managers smooth earnings to signal private information. Our study should be of interest to researchers, practitioners, and others concerned with understanding the determinants and usefulness of smoothing. *We thank Lee-Seok Hwang, Jae Yong Shin, and seminar participants at Seoul National University and University of Texas at El Paso for their helpful comments and suggestions. 1
Multi-User File System Search

Information retrieval research usually deals with globally visible, static document collections. Practical applications, in contrast, like file system search and enterprise search, have to cope with highly dynamic text collections and have to take into account user-specific access permissions when generating the results to a search query. The goal of this thesis is to close the gap between information retrieval research and the requirements exacted by these real-life applications. The algorithms and data structures presented in this thesis can be used to implement a file system search engine that is able to react to changes in the file system by updating its index data in real time. File changes (insertions, deletions, or modifications) are reflected by the search results within a few seconds, even under a very high system workload. The search engine exhibits a low main memory consumption. By integrating security restrictions into the query processing logic, as opposed to applying them in a postprocessing step, it produces search results that are guaranteed to be consistent with the access permissions defined by the file system. The techniques proposed in this thesis are evaluated theoretically, based on a Zipfian model of term distribution, and through a large number of experiments, involving text collections of non-trivial size—varying between a few gigabytes and a few hundred gigabytes.
A role for the PDZ-binding domain of the coxsackie B virus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) in cell adhesion and growth

The coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) plays a role in viral infection, maintenance of the junction adhesion complex in polarized epithelia, and modulation of cellular growth properties. As a viral receptor, the C-terminus appears to play no role indicating that the major function of CAR is to tether the virus to the cell. By contrast, the C-terminus is known to play a role in cellular localization and probably has a significant function in CAR-mediated adhesion and cell growth properties. We hypothesized that the CAR PDZ (PSD-95/Disc-large/ZO-1) binding motif interacts with PDZ-domain-containing proteins to modulate the cellular phenotype. CAR was modified by deleting the last four amino acids (CARΔGSIV) and evaluated for cell-cell adhesion in polarized primary human airway epithelia and growth characteristics in stably transfected L-cells. Although ablation of the CAR PDZ-binding motif did not affect adenoviral infection, it did have a significant effect both on cell-cell adhesion and on cell growth. Expression of CARΔGSIV failed to increase the transepithelial resistance in polarized epithelia to the same degree as wild-type CAR and failed to act as a growth modulator in L-cells. Furthermore, we provide evidence for three new CAR interacting partners, including MAGI-1b, PICK1 and PSD-95. CAR appears to interact with several distinct PDZ-domain-containing proteins and may exert its biological function through these interactions.
Field Determination of Linear and Nonlinear Constrained Moduli of Soils Using Large Mobile

Within the last few years, a field method was developed to evaluate the linear and nonlinear shear moduli of soils using large mobile shakers. The present study was undertaken to determine if this field method could be extended to evaluating linear and nonlinear constrained moduli of soils. To this end, a vertical array of three, 3-D geophones was constructed in a relatively homogeneous sandy silt (ML) deposit. Linear and nonlinear wave propagation tests were then performed using a nees@UTexas vibroseis (large mobile shaker) to induce ground motions directly above the array. These tests were followed by traditional transient, small-strain downhole tests. The dynamic loading created vertically propagating constrained compression (Pv) waves. Constrained moduli (M) were calculated using Pv-wave velocities measured between adjacent geophones. The variation of M with axial strain was determined at several confining pressures over an axial strain range of 0.0004% to 0.03%. The variation of M with axial strain was quite complex. At the lowest pressure of about 20 kPa, M increased with increasing axial strain. At higher pressures, this trend decreased, but coupled nonlinearity and degradation began to occur. Further studies are needed.
Light flicker sensitivity of high efficiency compact fluorescent lamps

This paper presents a comparison between compact fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps for flicker production under common power quality disturbances. The widespread adoption of these high efficiency lamps has highlighted the discrepancies between the measured flicker levels by the AS/NZS 61000-4-15 standard and the actual levels experienced by humans. Using a unique method of flicker detection, the actual instantaneous light levels produced by a lamp are analysed. This overcomes the limitations of the flickermeter standard and is used to demonstrate the sensitivity of the light CFLs produce in the presence of power system disturbances such as; interharmonics, phase jumps, dips and swells which are not normally associated with flicker.
Experimental modal analysis of emergency shelters in Montréal , Canada

Two popular nondestructive methods to assess the dynamic properties of building structures are ambient vibration and forced vibration experiments. Ambient vibration testing offers an important advantage over forced vibration techniques as it does not require any special excitation of the structure. Massive structures may indeed require strong forced excitation levels that are not always possible in operational buildings, and floor system alterations are typically required to restrain the shaker, which is also constraining.
Clinical Applications of Lasers in Endodontic

Introduction The goals of endodontic treatment are to eliminate microorganisms from the root canal system, to remove pulp tissue that may support microbial growth, and to avoid forcing debris beyond the apical foramen which may sustain inflammation [1-3]. There are limitations of endodontic therapy such as lateral canals with various morphologies and dimensions [4,5], anatomical complexity, the difficulty of common irrigants to penetrate into the lateral canals and the apical ramifications. New materials, techniques and technologies are invented to improve the cleaning and decontamination of these anatomical areas. Laser technology was introduced to endodontics with the goal of improving the results obtained with traditional procedures through the use of light energy by increasing cleaning ability. The removal of debris and the smear layer from the root canals as improving the decontamination of the endodontic system.
Organizational Culture and Knowledge Sharing Behavior : Moderating Effect of Knowledge Governance Mechanism and Motivation

This paper aims to examine and test the moderating effects of informal knowledge governance mechanisms and knowledge sharing motivation on the relationship between clan organizational culture and knowledge sharing behavior thematically organized around soc ial exchange theory. This study uses survey design based on stratified random sampling to measure the constructs. Data was collected from 279 university teachers. Preacher and Hayes process macro was used to test the hypotheses. Authors find support for the direct relationship between clan organizational culture and knowledge sharing behavior. The direct relationship is moderated by informal knowledge governance mechanisms and knowledge sharing motivation. Data support the hypotheses, but the contributions of the study should be acknowledged while allowing the limitations to be realized that lead to future directions. This study suggests that practitioners and managers should re-consider the role of informal knowledge governance mechanisms and knowledge sharing motivation as vital contextual factors for creating synergy to upsurge knowledge sharing behavior. This paper concludes that presence of knowledge sharing motivation and adaption of informal knowledge governance mechanisms have a strong contingent effect on the positive relationship between clan organizational culture and knowledge sharing behavior at workplace.
Facilitating knowledge management through filtered big data: SME competitiveness in an agri-food sector

This paper aims to critique a facilitated knowledge management (KM) process that utilises filtered big data and, specifically, the process effectiveness in overcoming barriers to small and medium-sized enterprises’ (SMEs’) use of big data, the processes enablement of SME engagement with and use of big data and the process effect on SME competitiveness within an agri-food sector. ,From 300 participant firms, SME owner-managers representing seven longitudinal case studies were contacted by the facilitator at least once-monthly over six months. ,Results indicate that explicit and tacit knowledge can be enhanced when SMEs have access to a facilitated programme that analyses, packages and explains big data consumer analytics captured by a large pillar firm in a food network. Additionally, big data and knowledge are mutually exclusive unless effective KM processes are implemented. Several barriers to knowledge acquisition and application stem from SME resource limitations, strategic orientation and asymmetrical power relationships within a network. ,By using Dunnhumby data, this study captured the impact of only one form of big data, consumer analytics. However, this is a significant data set for SME agri-food businesses. Additionally, although the SMEs were based in only one UK region, Northern Ireland, there is wide scope for future research across multiple UK regions with the same Dunnhumby data set. ,The study demonstrates the potential relevance of big data to SMEs’ activities and developments, explicitly identifying that realising this potential requires the data to be filtered and presented as market-relevant information that engages SMEs, recognises relationship dynamics and supports learning through feedback and two-way dialogue. This is the first study that empirically analyses filtered big data and SME competitiveness. The examination of relationship dynamics also overcomes existing literature limitations where SMEs’ constraints are seen as the prime factor restricting knowledge transfer.
Equivalent rocking systems : Fundamental rocking parameters

Early analytical investigations into the rocking behavior of structures assumed a simple model involving a single rigid rocking block on a rigid half-space. This paper investigates the use of rocking response spectra, analogous to linear elastic response spectra but instead derived from this simple rocking model, to predict the rocking response of more complicated structures. Fundamental rocking parameters are clarified, and examples of rocking spectra for trigonometric ground acceleration impulses are reviewed. Two specific rocking structures are addressed: the stone masonry arch and the stone masonry spire. Effective rocking parameters are derived for each of these structures, and the equivalence of the rocking response is investigated. Results indicate the utility of the fundamental rocking parameters for conducting a first order prediction of rocking response, although limitations are also discussed. While the focus is on masonry structures, the methodology applies to a wider class of structures which rock during earthquakes.
An Unified Behaviour Model to Predict Web 2.0 Adoption as a Tool for Software-Knowledge Sharing

The most powerful tool for software developers to connect with each others is social networking. These applications are normally free of charge. The professional use of these applications exceeds beyond the fun. An unified behaviour model to predict web 2.0 adoption as a tool for SoftwareKnowledge sharing based on two solid and tested theories, theory of planned behaviour and self-determination theory, will be reached by this study. A single model, which will join these theories, will accurately predict a use of these communication tools to set connections among professional groups: software developers in particular. These models determine the factors that mainly affect the intention to use described in order to improve these tools with a high probability of success. These professionals could share knowledge, keys and bugs in order to find the best solution. A representative number of software developers have participated in this study in order to research what the reason is because these professionals do not use these tools with that aim.
Substance use and Associated Factors among Madda Walabu University Undergraduate Students, Southeast Ethiopia

Background: Substance use among Ethiopian adolescents is considerably rising; particular in college and university students. However, the magnitude of substance use and the factors associated with it has not been well investigated in the country. The main purpose of this study was to identify substance use prevalence among MaddaWalabu University undergraduate Students. Methods: A cross sectional study design was employed using self–administered structured questionnaires. Data were collected from a sample of 605 undergraduate students in the University. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive and Inferential statistics were used for data presentation. Determinant factors for substance use were checked for significance association using Chi Square, One way ANOVA and Logistic regression with significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: The findings of this study shows that sociodemographic variables were determinant factors for substance use of the study participants. Among students who were ever users of one of the substances: tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, sedatives or Khat; it was seen that females are close to males in the use of these substances. There is statistically significant difference in age group (χ = 9.69, df = 3, p<0.05). Compared to the final year students, second year students were 4 times more likely to have used one of the substances and first year students were also at high odds of being a substance user (2.6, AOR). Conclusion: Compared the second year students, first year students were at significant risk of ever using any one of the substances. This trend is alarming. Tobacco consumption or Khat use has been significantly associated with socio-demographic variables. Use of opiates were also reported. Hence it is important to carry out educational campaigns about addiction and its prevention.
Earnings Management Using Income Classification Shifting – Evidence from the Korean IFRS Adoption Period

This study provides evidence of earnings management using income classification shifting in the year of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) transition. While the extant literature focuses on classification shifting of expense items, we investigate whether managers engage in classification shifting using revenue as well as expense items. In the Korean IFRS adoption period, managers were inadvertently allowed more discretion to shift other income and special expense items since Korean IFRS did not regulate the individual items to be included in operating profits before the amendment in 2012. Using a methodology similar to prior studies, we find that companies shift other income to other operating income to increase operating profits. On the other hand, managers engage in classification shifting using special expense items just to meet or beat earnings benchmarks. We conclude that managers opportunistically used other income in a general shifting practice but special expense items in special cases to improve their operating performance in the Korean IFRS adoption period. Our findings have implications in an international context that the introduction of IFRS affects the strategic use of revenue and expenses to manage core earnings.
Outcome of Abdominal Aortic Endografting in High-Risk Patients: A 4-Year Single-Center Study

Purpose: To evaluate feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair in patients whose fitness for surgery is questionable. Methods: Between April 1997 and December 2001, 389 consecutive patients underwent endovascular AAA repair. Of these, 51 (13.1%) were ASA grade IV. The perioperative and late outcomes of this group were compared to the remaining 338 patients with ASA grades <IV. Failure of AAA exclusion was defined as late conversion to open repair, AAA rupture, increased aneurysm diameter, or persisting graft-related endoleak. Gender, age, ASA grade IV, EUROSTAR class E, and AAA diameter were examined by logistic regression analysis for their influence on perioperative death, survival, and failure of AAA exclusion. Results: Four (7.8%) perioperative deaths occurred in the ASA IV group compared to 1 (0.3%) in the ASA <IV group (p=0.001). Median follow-up was 22 months (range 1–56). Failure of AAA exclusion occurred in 3 (5.9%) patients in ASA IV group and in 25 (7.4%) in ASA <IV group (p>0.05). Actuarial survival at 30 months was 62.9% in ASA IV group and 88.0% in ASA <IV group (p=0.001, log-rank test). There were no independent predictors for failure of AAA exclusion; ASA IV was independently associated with perioperative mortality (HR 17.8; 95% CI 1.6 to 188; p=0.016). Conclusions: Endovascular AAA repair in ASA IV patients is feasible and effective in preventing AAA rupture in the mid term. High-risk patients experience a worse prognosis than their good-risk counterparts. An individualized approach in selecting high-risk patients for endoluminal repair is mandatory.
Role of Transforming Growth Factor-P in Chondrogenic Pattern Formation in the Embryonic Limb : Stimulation of Mesenchymal Condensation and Fibronectin Gene Expression by Exogenenous TGF-0 and Evidence for Endogenous TGF-P-like Activity

The possible role of TGF-P-like molecules in skeletal pattern formation in the embryonic vertebrate limb was studied hg analyzing the mechanism of enhancement of chondrogenesis in chick wing bud mesenchyme ill rsitro and testing for the presence and distribution of endogenous TGF-$-like activity in this tissue. Transient exposure (3-6 hr) to TGF-fil (l-2 rig/ml) on the day after plating resulted in a 1.5to S-fold enhancement of accumulation of Alcian blue (pH l.O)-stainable extracellular matrix 5 days later. The enhancement of differentiation was preceded by an acceleration and an increase in the extent of precartilage condensation formation, visualized by Hoffman Modulation Contrast microscopy a day after TGF-p treatment. In contrast, neither condensation nor subsequent chondrogenesis was stimulated by transient treatment with TGF-/0 on the day of plating. The effectiveness of a TGF-ti treatment regimen in enhancing chondrogenesis was correlated with its effectiveness in stimulating condensation formation. Exposures to the factor for 3-6 hr on the day after plating, which most consistently stimulated both condensation formation and chondrogenesis, also corresponded to a peak in the enhancement of the steady-state level of fibronectin mRNA (fourfold to eightfold over control levels) measured at the end of the treatment period. The elevation in fibronectin mRNA levels hrought about by this treatment persisted throughout the period of condensation. Endogenous TGF-e-like activity was detected in limb mesenchgme: extracts of freshly isolated and cultured limb tissues contained 6-25 pg TGF-p-like activity per 1 X lo6 cells by the MvlLu cell proliferation inhibition assay, and indirect immunofluorescence using a polgclonal antibody directed against a TGF-b-related peptide indicated a patchy distribution of endogenous TGF-@-like reactivity within a day after culture. These findings are discussed in relation to the “fibronectin prepattern” hypothesis for limb pattern formation. i 1991 Academic Press, Inc
Determination of carbohydrates in lignocellulosics by gas chromatography of aldonitrilacetates

SYNOPSIS. The information of saccharides qualitative presence and quantitative abundance in lignocellulosics is very important from the viewpoint of the saccharides structure knowledge. In the paper the optimization is described of sugar aldonitrilacetates capillary gas chromatography method and its evaluation for the separation and quantification of carbohydrates in various samples. For the monosaccharides identification six aldonitrilacetates of standard carbohydrates (rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, manose, glucose, galactose) were prepared. Three sulphate spruce pulps were hydrolysed by Saeman et al. (1954) method. Also holocellulose was prepared by Wise et al. (1946) method from beech wood before and after prehydrolysis. Then the samples were derivatised to aldonitrilacetates. The gas chromatography was performed on Fisons 8310 DPFC GC with flame ionisation detector and DB-5 capillary column with inositol as an internal standard. The retention times, response factors, resolution and recovery of the standard carbohydrates aldonitrilacetates were received. The obtained results of the saccharides determination in the pulps and holocellulose showed the suitability of aldonitrilacetates for the saccharides from cellulosics analysis by method of the capillary gas chromatography.
A preliminary assessment of seed dispersal by the Bornean agile gibbon Hylobates albibarbis and the Bornean orang-utan Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii

3. Introduction.5. Materials and methods.9. Fig. 2.15. Table 1.16. Table 2.17. Table 3.18. Table 9.19. Results.20. Discussion.29. References.38.