Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increased antibacterial activity of Cinnamon Oil Microemulsionin Comparison with Cinnamon Oil Bulk and Nanoemulsion

Objective(s): Among herbal oils, cinnamon bark oil has several advantages such as anti-inﬂammatory and antimicrobial activity. It is already reported that particle size of oil droplets affects their properties such as their antibacterial activity. In this study, we investigated inhibitory activity of cinnamon oil products including bulk, microemulsion (ME) and nanoemulsion (NE). Methods: ME and NE were prepared by low energy methods. Physicochemical characterization of cinnamon oil ME (COME) and NE (CONE) were investigated. Bulk, ME and NE of cinnamon oil were evaluated for antibacterial inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by microdilution method. Results: Average particle size of COME and CONE was found to be 2040 nm and 30.4 nm, respectively. Results showed that both CONE and COME had increased inhibitory activity (p<0.05) against bacterial infection compared with ablank control group, of which COME had highest antibacterial effects. Conclusions: Our findings suggested COME and CONE as potential green antibacterial agents.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL PERSAMAAN KUADRAT BERDASARKAN TAKSONOMI SOLOPADA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 1 PLUS DI KABUPATEN NABIRE – PAPUA

Abstract: The objectives of this research were to describe the position of errors, kind of errors and factor that caused students’ errors in answering quadratic equation questions based on SOLO taxonomy on the X grade students of SMA with high, moderate and low mathematics ability. This research was a descriptive qualitative. This research was carried out on the X grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Plus Nabire – Papua. The written data were taken from the result of mathematics ability test and first problem solving test (M1: linear/quadratic pattern) and the second problem (M2: functional concept), the oral forms data were taken from the result of interview which were conducted to the subject of the research to get valid data 1 and valid data 2. Afterwards, the valid data were analyzed to find out the constant level of consistency achievement of SOLO level, in order to meet reliable data from the chosen research subjects 2 students with high mathematics ability, 3 students with moderate mathematics ability and 2 students with low mathematics ability. The valid and reliable data were used to analyze students’ errors based on SOLO taxonomy. The result of the research showed that: (a) the students with high mathematics ability were reached unistructural–relational level, (b) the students with moderate mathematics ability were reached unistructural–multistructural level, (c) the students with low mathematics ability were almost reached unistructural level. Errors made by the research subjects: (1) all of students conducted the same errors in answering the mathematics model of the quadratic equation questions, they did not provide the answer correctly and they did not understand the concept of the questions properly, (2) kinds of errors including: (a) misconception, not comprehending about quadratic concept, this error existed in all mathematics ability levels. Whereas errors on the concept of variable, which is used to form the mathematics quadratic equation, was conducted by moderate and low level subject; (b) error on the principle, the application of the mathematics rules and formulas incorrectly in answering the quadratic equation questions, was conducted by high, moderate and low levels; (c) operational error was often conducted by low, moderate and high deals with the operational of algebra, especially on the calculation of negative integer operation, (3) the factors that caused errors for the research subjects of high, moderate and low levels were low comprehension on mathematics’ concept, principle and operation. Keywords : errors analysis, quadratic equation, SOLO taxonomy
Anatomical Locality on Haptic Feedback to Attenuate Stuttering

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a change in the location of the tactile stimulator would alter the instances of stuttering. Method Each subject was required to read a randomly assigned 300-syllable passage in each of the five assigned speaking conditions, which includes the control, fingers, chest, wrist, and foot. Results The stuttering count for each condition was analyzed by two trained research assistants. The median for the control was 44 syllables, the fingers were 41 syllables, the chest was 35 syllables, the wrist was 44 syllables, and the foot was 23 syllables. An RM-ANOVA was performed after data transformation, and revealed no clear distinction between any of the speaking conditions, however, an overall reduction in the distribution of instances of stuttering between the control and foot of nearly 50%. Conclusions The null hypothesis was accepted based on the results, however, the results were not in line with the data from previous publications. The data suggested that the foot was a promising location in altering the fluency in those who stutter. Investigating protocol would be beneficial towards future research.
Stationary Ordinal Utility and Impatience

This paper investigates Bohm-Bawerk's idea of a preference for advancing the timing of future satisfactions from a somewhat different point of view. It is shown that simple postulates about the utility function of a consumption program for an infinite future logically imply impatience at least for certain broad classes of programs. The postulates assert continuity, sensitivity, stationarity of the utility function, the absence of intertemporal complementarity, and the existence of a best and a worst program. The more technical parts of the proof are set off in starred sections.
Positive Feedback Investment Strategies and Destabilizing Rational Speculation

Analyses of the role of rational speculators in financial markets usually presume that such investors dampen price fluctuations by trading against liquidity or noise traders. This conclusion does not necessarily hold when noise traders follow positive-feedback investment strategies buy when prices rise and sell when prices fall. In such cases, it may pay rational speculators to try to jump on the bandwagon early and to purchase ahead of noise trader demand. If rational speculators' attempts to jump on the bandwagon early trigger positive-feedback investment strategies, then an increase in the number of forward-looking rational speculators can lead to increased volatility of prices about fundamentals.
Analysis of Image Differences of Roadside Corridor and Landscape Preference in an Emerging City in Nigeria

This study examined the barrenness and clustered commercial activities along the rural-urban fringe of an emerging city (Lokoja, Nigeria) and tried to establish the inhabitant's preferred development pattern for road corridors at the fringe of the city. Questionnaire and photographs were utilized as research instruments for this study. Two roads: Abuja-Lokoja road (Nataco area) and the Lokoja-Kabba road towards the Kabba junction area were purposively selected for the study, and 204 copies of a questionnaire were randomly administered and 184 duly completed copies analyzed. Photographs were used as a surrogate to assess people’s perception of the environment. Thirty (30) photographs taken within 10km stretch were used. Six of the photographs served as “base” images and the remaining 24 as composite images of computer simulation and pictures adapted from similar research as an ideal situation. Five points Likert scale was used to measure respondent’s preference. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to analyse the participants’ responses to the questionnaire. The results revealed a high preference for an improved design with nature incorporated in developing commercial strip along the highway and low preference for existing billboard and haphazard development of the base images presented. It also revealed that design of roadways and commercial strip developments at the fringe could also have health implications. The paper suggests that trees and nature plants, in particular, should be used to improve visual quality and reduce Co2 in the Atmosphere through carbon sequestration. Keywords: Rural–urban fringe; Landscape preferences; Commercial development; Road corridors; Highway design
Drivers of private equity investment activity: are buyout and venture investors really so different?

This paper investigates the drivers of private equity activity by undertaking a panel data study for 17 European countries. Activity is affected by both cyclical and structural factors. We control for the cyclical factors and examine structural drivers of investment in private equity. We examine whether these drivers are different for venture capital and buyout investors, and find that indeed there is a strong distinction between the factors influencing investment in these two groups of investors. Based on our results, we consider policy options for governments to attract more investment.
Values of Selected Haematological Indicators in Six Species of Feathered Game

The present paper extends the knowledge of selected blood indicators in six species of feathered game such as helmeted guineafowl (Numida meleagris), common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), chukar (Alectoris chucar), grey partridge (Perdix perdix) and wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), reared in the Czech Republic and Europe. The red blood cell (RBC) values in individual species of feathered game ranged as follows: the mean RBC counts varied in a range of 2.10 - 2.58 T/l; haematocrit values were in a range of 0.33 - 0.39 1/1; haemoglobin concentration varied in a range of 101.20 - 129.13 g/l; mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) ranged from 28.63 to 35.44%; mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) varied in a range of 46.15 - 62.07 pg and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was 147.66 - 178.20 fl. Except for the total concentration of haemoglobin and the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, no significant differences were found between the mean values of RBC values in individual species of feathered game. However, some differences between species were found in white blood cell (WBC) values, ranging as follows: the total WBC count ranged from 13.55 to 26.90 G/l, basophil granulocytes from 0.011 to 0.110 G/l, eosinophil granulocytes from 0.011 to 0.593 G/l, neutrophil granulocytes from 1.868 to 6.661 G/l, lymphocytes from 10.937 to 20.922 G/l and monocytes from 0.034 to 0.199 G/l. Most values showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) to highly significant ( P ≤ 0.01) interspecies differences. The main goal of the study was to investigate selected haematological indicators in six major species of feathered game. Blood count, helmeted guineafowl, common pheasant, Japanese quail, chukar, grey partridge, wild turkey
Effect of soybean protein in milk replacers on veal calf performance

In Thailand, feeding of veal calves with milk is expensive. The cost of production can be reduced by using milk replacers. A low cost and high quality plant protein milk replacer could be produced from soy bean which is readily available in Thailand. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of veal calves produced with three different milk replacers. 18 Holstein Friesian Crossbred (75 %) calves with an initial average weight of 30 kg were under a completely randomised design (CRD) allocated to 4 groups. Group 1 (control) received whole milk, group 2 milk replacer based on milk protein, and group 3 and 4 milk replacers with 5 and 10 % soybean protein respectively. The calves were fed 10 % of body weight (2 times a day). Weight was recorded every 2 weeks until 120 days of age. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) among groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 in average total feed intake (789.12, 727.42, 649.53 and 636.38 kg, respectively) and feed cost per kg weight gain (111.45, 117.78, 148.23 and 97.28 bath/ kg weight gain, respectively). The groups reached final weights of 70.30, 45.38, 31.50 and 33.70 kg for group 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Weight gain of group 1 (70.30 kg) tended higher (P>0.05) than of group 2 (45.38) and was higher (p<0.05) than for group 3 and 4 (31.50 and 33.70 kg, respectively). Average daily gain (0.586, 0.388, 0.243 and 0.294 kg/day), feed conversion ratio (11.94, 15.86, 17.04 and 17.98) and feed efficiency (8.76, 6.31, 5.87 and 5.60) of groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were significantly different. Group 1 was better than all the other three groups (p<0.05). It was concluded that veal production with fresh milk gave better production performance than with milk replacer in terms of weight gain, ADG, FCR and FE (P<0.05). But feed cost per kg weight gain was not different.
ALTERED IRON METABOLISM IN SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM: MYTH OR REALITY

Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism refers to thyroid hormone deficiency in patients who have no apparent clinical features. Both iron deficiency anemia and subclinical hypothyroidism, due to their high prevalence and close interrelation, are significant clinical problems. Aims and Objectives: Association of subclinical hypothyroidism and disordered iron metabolism was studied so that better management of iron deficiency could be advised in these patients. Materials and Methods: 150 newly diagnosed subclinical hypothyroid patients and 150 healthy euthyroid controls were included. Total T3, total T4, TSH, iron, TIBC, transferrin and ferritin were measured. Data was analysed by student‘t’ test and Person’s formula. Results: Mean total T3, total T4, iron, TIBC, transferrin and ferritin values of study group were lower than that of control group (p < 0.05). Mean TSH values of study group was higher than that of control group (p < 0.05). Total T4 and T3 were positively correlated with transferrin (p < 0.05). The patients of subclinical hypothyroidism had altered iron metabolism. Conclusion: Decreased iron profile in subclinical hypothyroidism was significantly high. It was suggestive to regularly investigate iron profile for early detection and its early management in case of subclinical hypothyroidism. Keywords: Subclinical Hypothyroidism, Serum Iron, TIBC, Ferritin, Transferrin
Evidence to date: ranibizumab and its potential in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity

Abstract Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading and preventable cause of childhood blindness worldwide. Although laser photocoagulation remains the gold standard for treatment, the off-label use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy to treat ROP, particularly posterior zone I disease, is increasing. Although initial studies on anti-VEGF therapy for ROP have focused on bevacizumab, recent studies have proposed that ranibizumab may be a safer and more effective alternative for use in this population. This review updates recent evidence regarding the use of ranibizumab in the management of ROP.
Surgical Management of Simple Liver Cysts: A 10-Year Single-Center Experience

Background: Due to the limited data comparing treatment outcomes of simple liver cysts (SLCs), there is, at present, no consensus on the optimum surgical treatment method for symptomatic SLCs. The objective of this paper was to review the outcomes for surgically managed SLCs carried out at our institution. Methods: A database search was performed to identify all patients who, between January 2003 and December 2012, underwent surgical intervention with a preoperative diagnosis of symptomatic SLCs at our institution. Retrospective analysis of patient demographics, symptoms, cyst characteristics including number, size, location and imaging features, operative management, postoperative morbidity and mortality, length of hospital stay, final histopathological diagnosis and long-term outcomes were performed. Results: Between January 2003 and December 2012, 28 patients underwent surgical intervention for symptomatic SLCs at our institution. Twenty-four were female (85.7%) and four were male (14.3%), with a mean age of 58 years. Laparoscopic fenestration was performed in 11 patients (39.3%), open fenestration in four (14.3%), laparoscopic resection in six (21.4%) and open resection in seven (25%). The mean cyst diameter was 8.97 ± 5.11 cm. Operative mortality was 3.6% (n = 1). Complications developed in two patients (7.2%), including pleural effusion (n = 1) and perihepatic abscess (n = 1). The final histopathology demonstrated an SLC in 23 patients (82.1%), cystadenoma in four (14.3%) and cystadenocarcinoma in one patient (3.6%). Length of hospital stay was 2.38 ± 2.06 days for the laparoscopic group and 7 ± 3.12 days for the open surgery group. Two patients (7.14%) experienced asymptomatic recurrence of cyst. The mean length of follow-up was 25.1 months (range 12 - 104.1) and the overall survival rate at 1 year was 96.4%. Conclusion: Laparoscopic fenestration is a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic SLCs. Open fenestration should be considered for large cysts, cysts presenting difficult laparoscopic access, and cysts with atypical features. Atypical features should prompt intraoperative frozen section and, if necessary, liver resection. J Curr Surg. 2015;5(1):129-132 doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.14740/jcs263w
What’s There and What’s Not: Measuring Daily Hassles in Urban African American Adolescents

Objective: A review of current empirical research on adolescent stress reveals that measures of stress were developed using primarily suburban adolescents. However, there has not been a thorough examination of stressors that specifically affect urban minority adolescents. This article discusses the findings from the Urban Hassles Scale (UHS). Method: A nonrandom sample of 131 African American adolescents was surveyed to assess the stressors within their environments. Results: Findings suggest that the UHS has construct and concurrent validity with a Cronbach’s alpha of . 85. Conclusions: The UHS has practical implications for practitioners providing services to adolescents residing in the urban milieu. Social worker researchers can utilize the UHS to further study the cumulative effect of constant stress on adolescents living in such environments.
Convergence of Total Health Expenditure as a Share of GDP: Evidence from Selected OECD Countries

This paper studies convergence in the ratio of total health expenditures to GDP (HEGDP) for a sample of OECD countries over the period 1960-2006. Stochastic convergence is tested using unit root tests, without and with a structural break. Moreover, beta-convergence is examined by applying a method that allows for a structural break and is robust to the presence of unit roots and serial correlation in the errors. We examine whether these countries (1) are converging to the US in terms of HEGDP and (2) share a common structural break. The results support the existence of stochastic convergence for all countries. beta-convergence, however, is supported for some countries only before the break points (regime 1). In regime 2 (the period after the break points) all countries are experiencing divergence. In addition, the estimated break dates are clustered around 1981 and 1988.
The Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on Corporate Stakeholder Practices

One of the intriguing unanswered research questions is ‘what is the impact of mergers and acquisitions (MA acquirers show more strengths in the diversity category and more concerns related to products. For pre- and post-merger target and merged firms, the data show more strengths and concerns related to specific stakeholders for the merged firm compared with the pre-merger target, which seemed to lose some more innovative practices. Similarly, there is a fairly consistent pattern showing both more stakeholder-related strengths and concerns in merged compared with pre-merger acquiring firms. ● Mergers and acquisitions ● Stakeholder relationships ● Resource-based view ● Stakeholder practices ● Diversity ● Employees ● Environment ● Corporate governance
Caracterização da interação genótipo-ambiente e comparação entre modelos para ajuste do ganho pós-demama de bovinos Devon via normas de reação

The objectives of this study were to verify the presence of the genotype by environment interaction and to compare different models to fit Devon cattle post weaning gain standardized to 345 days, via reaction norms obtained by random regression. Data from 14,973 calves collected by the beef cattle improvement program from 1980 to 2005 were used. The INTERGEN program was used for data analysis. First, a standard animal model (AM) was fitted to serve as comparison basis and to provide estimates of the environmental gradient, based on contemporary group (CG) deviations and, next, the reaction norms hierarchical models with homogeneous (RNHM) and heterogeneous (RNHMH) residual variances were run. In these last two models, fixed effects of age of dam and age of calf at yearling and random contemporary group and genetic effects (level and slope of animal's reaction norms) were included. For the RNHM estimates of residual variance, reaction norm level and slope additive genetic variances and their genetic correlation were, respectively, 272.02 ± 8.51; 340.38 ± 17.11; 0.119 ± 0.006 and 0.83 ± 0.01, while for the RNHHM were 401.96 ± 11.91; 177.86 ± 16.60; 0.076 ± 0.006 and 0.72 ± 0.02, respectively. The heritability asa well as the genetic variance increased on the environmental gradient, characterizing that there is genotype by environment interaction. Based on the Deviance Information Criterion, Bayes Factors and Pseudo Bayes Factors, the NRHM provided superior fit to the data, being the most appropriate model to consider the genotype by environmental interaction of this population.
Transgender an At-Risk Population During and Following Emergencies and Disasters

Transgender an At-Risk Population During and Following Emergencies and Disasters by Joshua Aaron Fontanez MPA, Norwich University, 2015 BA, Norwich University, 2012 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Policy and Administration Walden University August 2019
The use of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis for studies of genetic variation in populations of the blowfly Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in southern England

The use of the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymerase chain reaction to characterize individual Lucilia sericata Meigen from southern England was evaluated. Some simple techniques which allowed the preservation and extraction of DNA to be optimized without the complications of transporting liquid nitrogen were investigated. The RAPD results show that closely related L. sericata, including those from a single strike, can be readily distinguished from each other on the basis of their RAPD profiles resolved using electrophoretic analysis; profiles were defined with ten random primers. Analysis of these RAPD data using a similarity coefficient method and a recently developed randomization test to detect the non-random association of alleles at different loci, allowed the genetic homogeneity of L. sericata within southern Britain to be explored. This study shows that while a number of factors can complicate the use and interpretation of RAPD fragments as genetic markers, RAPD fingerprinting can be a valuable technique for studies of intraspecific genetic variation in L. sericata.