Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact and mechanisms of inflammatory diseases on embryonic development and fertility in cattle

Inflammatory diseases are prevalent in cattle and impair fertility. Cows affected by inflammatory disease from parturition to the day before breeding have reduced fertilization of oocytes, reduced survival of zygotes to the morula stage, impaired development to early stages of conceptus elongation, reduced secretion of interferon during the period of pregnancy recognition, altered transcriptome of preimplantation conceptus cells, and increased pregnancy loss. Consequently, these cows have reduced pregnancy and calving per breeding. Reduced oocyte competence is a likely reason for the carryover effects of diseases on developmental biology, but impaired uterine environment is also involved. Effects on pregnancy survival are observed up to 5 months after the diagnosis and treatment of disease, and effects on developmental biology seem to be extended into postnatal life in pregnancies that survive until term. Although the biological mechanism mediating the effects of inflammatory diseases are still not completely understood, control of inflammation during the clinical presentation of diseases seems to alleviate the negative effects on reproductive biology. It is increasingly evident that animal health, not only at the time of breeding or pregnancy development but also in the period preceding breeding, is imperative for optimal reproduction in cattle and should always be considered in herd evaluations and managerial decisions.
Distribution of ultraphytoplankton in the western part of the North Pacific subtropical gyre during a strong La Niña condition: relationship with the hydrological conditions

The distribution of ultraphytoplankton was investigated in the western North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) during La Nina, a cold phase of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Observations were conducted along a 141.5° E transect (33.6° N-13.25° N) in order to study the ultraplankton assemblages in various oligotrophic conditions. Analyses were performed at the single cell level by analytical flow cytometry. Five ultraphytoplankton groups (Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, picoeukaryotes, nanoeukaryotes and nanocyanobacteria) defined by their optical properties were enumerated in three different areas visited during the cruise: the Kuroshio region, the subtropical Pacific gyre and a transition zone between the subtropical Pacific gyre and the Warm pool. Prochlorococcus outnumbered the other photoautotrophs in all the investigated areas. However in terms of carbon biomass, an increase in the relative contribution of Synechococcus, picoeukaryotes and nanoeukaryotes was observed from the centre of the subtropical gyre to the Kuroshio area. In the Kuroshio region, a peak of abundance of nanoeukaryotes observed at the surface suggested an increase in nutrients likely due to the vicinity of a cold cyclonic eddy. In contrast, in the salinity front (35) and anticyclonic eddy located around 22.83° N, the mainly constant distribution of Prochlorococcus from the surface down to 150 m characterized the dominance by these microorganisms in high salinity and temperature zone. Results suggested that distribution of nanocyanobacteria is also closely linked to the salinity front rather than low phosphate concentration. The maximum abundance of ultraphytoplankton was located above (> 100 m) the SubTropical Counter Current (STCC) where higher nutrient concentrations were measured. Finally, comparison of the ultraphytoplankton concentrations during El Nino (from the literature) and La Nina (this study) conditions seems to demonstrate that La Nina conditions lead to higher concentrations of Synechococcus in the Subtropical gyre and a lower abundance of Synechococcus in the Kuroshio region. Our results suggest that the west part of NPSG is a complex area, where different water masses, salinity fronts and eddies lead to an heterogeneous distribution of ultraphytoplankton assemblages in the upper layer of the water column.
Method of Sex Learning for Children 5-6 years

The aim of this study is to reveal form method of learning sex education in Islamic kindergarten. This is done so that schools and other parents have information in providing sex education to children. This study use a qualitative approach with the teachers and principles as key informant through interview and observation method. The results show that sex education given through habituation, demonstration, picture of picture and talking (teachers with children) that are guided by Islamic values. Conclusion is the provision of sex education to make children better understand the values of good norms that apply around it. However, there is still less of variation of teaching models in the form of games for child sex learning. Keywords—sex learning, children, method
Transformation of E-Fulfilment Industry Capabilities

Over the last decade, organisations have been forced to re-examine the role of ICT as a support tool and accept that it has become a major driver for business change (Ash & Burn, 2003, pp. 297-308.). Indeed, new business opportunities have arisen solely based on e-business: e-fulfilment is one such example (Alexander & Burn, 2004, p.1). These services were estimated to be worth US$1,006 Trillion in the United States alone, or 10.1% of their GDP in 2000 (Rogers, 2002). Furthermore, 21% of all logistics transactions are expected to be online by 2005, with the long-term possibility that traditional freight companies will ultimately cease to exist (Homs, Meringer, & Rehkopf, 2001). This article explores the concepts which are encompassed in the term e-fulfilment, and presents a model of e-fulfilment activities. This model is then validated through the analysis of e-fulfilment capabilities of 48 UK based e-fulfilment companies. The findings from this analysis lead to an extension of the model and suggest a long term transformation model for the industry as a whole.
A Meta-Analysis on The Impact of Professional Development Programs for K-12 Mathematics Teachers on Students' Achievement

Over the past decade there has been a growing investment in professional development (PD) programs for K-12 mathematics teachers. Researchers and policy makers often inquire about the effect of professional development programs and whether they are having a positive impact on students’ learning, and which type of programs aid in students ’academic improvements. In view of the continued concern about the low achievement of U.S. students in mathematics there is a strong need to better understand the effect of PD on student learning and more specifically, which components of PD are more beneficial and are likely to enhance students’ math learning. This study offers evidence in an effort fill the gap in the literature by examining the relationship between professional development and student achievement. A metaanalysis methodology was used to synthesize quantitatively and aggregate the results of the prior studies that have used scientific methods and reported numerical results. The time period for the selection of studies is from 2003 to 2014. Findings in this study confirm earlier literature and offers guidance about three effective components (duration, content, and intervention modality) in professional development programs that have been found to have a positive relationship with students’ achievement. The results also highlighted the importance of content focus, sufficient duration and multiple modalities of professional development programs aiding teachers in their ability to become more effective in the classroom leading to increased students’ achievement in
Effect of Nutrient Restriction on Social Transmission of Food Preferences Depends on Nutrient and Species

For omnivores to determine whether an unfamiliar item is an appropriate food, they could rely on personal information from sampling it themselves or rely on less risky observation of whether other individuals eat the item. Availability of information about food from social companions in group-living species is one of the benefits of group life. Adults of solitary-living species, however, seem typically less likely to rely on social information about food choice. If an individual faced a nutritional deficit, it would seem to increase the value of public information. This study addresses whether dietary restriction from certain nutrients (sodium, potassium, protein, carbohydrates) affects reliance on information about food from conspecifics. Without nutrient restriction, group-living Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) preferred the diet that they smelled on the breath of a conspecific demonstrator, but solitary-living Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) avoided it. Protein restriction yielded similar results as measured one hour into a diet choice test. Potassium restriction, however, reversed the pattern: rats avoided the demonstrator’s diet but hamsters preferred it. Clearly, the valence of social information depended on the nutrient from which individuals were restricted and the species under study. This could be related to the contrasting social organization that members of each species generate. Neither species relied on social information about the availability of a nutrient from which they were restricted if they could taste that nutrient for themselves (sodium, carbohydrates).
The Effectiveness of Product Placement: A Field Quasi-experiment

Using an experimental approach and field settings, the effectiveness of prominent, audio-visual, highly connected to the plot product placement in movies has been examined. An after only with control group design was used. Results show that exposure to prominent, audio-visual, highly connected to the plot product placement causes an increase in brand awareness among film viewers, irrespective of other executional variables of a given placement. However, this particular type of placement does not guarantee positive impact on attitudes and brand choice.
Suicidal Behavior and Associated Factors among Prisoners in Jimma Town Correctional Institution South, West Ethiopia, 2017

Introduction: Suicidal behavior is the act of intentionally causing one's own death. Being in correctional institution is continues to be associated with an under-recognized risk for suicidal behavior. The increased risk of suicidal behavior in correctional institution is because of several factors including prison related, psychiatric disorders and substance use related factors are believed to be associated.Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of suicidal behavior among prisoners in Jimma town correctional institution; South West Ethiopia 2017.Methods: An Institutional based cross-sectional study design was employing among 336 prisoners in Jimma town correctional institution in 2017. Systematic random sampling technique was used. A structured pretested SBQ-R questioner was used and the data was collected with face to face interview. Data was entered in to Epi-data version 3.1, and then exported in to SPSS version 21.0 statistical package for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were carried to examine the association between independent and dependent variables. Adjusted odds ratio at a p-value<0.05 with 95% CI was declared statistically significant.Results: The overall prevalence of suicidal behaviors was found to be 23.2%. Age group between 25-34 years (AOR=2.47,95% CI: 1.307,4. 655), being unemployed (AOR=2.13, 95% CI: 1.175,3.849), current comorbid depression (AOR=2.13, 95%CI: 1.203,3.762), current poor level of social support (AOR=2.95, 95% CI:1.107,7.882) and history of previous incarceration (AOR=3.04, 95% CI: 1.247,7.418), were associated with suicidal behavior among prisoners in Jimma town correctional institution.Conclusion and recommendations: In this study suicidal behavior was found to be high among prisoners. Therefore attention should be given to prisoners through prison health services in early screening and treatment particularly for those who are on younger age group, unemployed, prisoners with co morbid depressive disorders, having poor social support and previous incarceration.
Decay of Wood and Wood-Based Products Above Ground in Buildings

This paper is an overview of what we know about occurrence of wood decay above ground within buildings. It presents information concerning under what conditions decay may become established. In laboratory tests involving optimum moisture and temperature conditions for decay fungi, and direct contact with large quantities of specific well-developed decay fungi, substantial decay in small specimens of untreated wood of nondurable species can occur in a few weeks. The simultaneous occurrence of optimum conditions for decay and high degree of inoculation with mature decay fungi is probably very rare in buildings. However, spore germination also proceeds rapidly at optimum moisture and temperature conditions. For most decay fungi, optimum moisture conditions mean moisture contents above fiber saturation (usually around 25 to 30% mc,) but well below the waterlogged condition. Optimal temperatures for most decay fungi are in the range of 2 1 to 32°C, Untreated wood and wood-based products will not decay if intermittently wetted for short periods to moisture contents above fiber saturation or if wetted to such levels for periods of a few months when temperature is low. However, little is known in quantitative terms about decay development under fluctuating conditions. Moisture and temperature conditions are not expected to fluctuate appreciably behind external insulation and finish system (EIFS) claddings. Given this, we can find nothing in the research literature that would contradict the 20% wood moisture content rule for this application.
Basaltic volcanism of the central and western Snake River Plain: A guide to field relations between Twin Falls and Mountain Home, Idaho

Basaltic volcanism in the Snake River Plain of southern Idaho has long been associated with the concept of a mantle plume that was overridden by North America during the Neogene and now resides beneath the Yellowstone plateau. This concept is consistent with the time-transgressive nature of rhyolite volcanism in the plain, but the history of basaltic volcanism is more complex. In the eastern Snake River Plain, basalts erupted after the end of major silicic volcanism. The basalts typically erupt from small shield volcanoes that cover up to 680 km and may form elongate fl ows that extend 50–60 km from the central vent. The shields coalesce to form extensive plains of basalt that mantle the entire width of the plain, with the thickest accumulations of basalt forming an axial Shervais, J.W. , Kauffman, J.D. , Gillerman, V.S. , Othberg, K.L. , Vetter, S.K. , Hobson, V.R. , Zarnetske, M. , Cooke, M.F. , Matthews, S.H. , and Hanan, B.B. , 2005, Basaltic volcanism of the central and western Snake River Plain: A guide to fi eld relations between Twin Falls and Mountain Home, Idaho, in Pederson, J., and Dehler, C.M. , eds., Interior Western United States: Geological Society of America Field Guide 6, p. xxx–xxx, doi: 10.1130/2005.fl d006(02). For permission to copy, contact editing@geosociety.org. © 2005 Geological Society of America 2 J.W. Shervais et al. fl d006-02 page 2 of 26
Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors in Three Asphalt Pavement Layers

In the present study, a new approach to the installation of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors in three asphalt pavement layers (the surface layer and both base layers) was implemented for the first time in Belgium. Fiber Bragg grating sensors (FBGs) are diagnostic tools that accurately and efficiently monitor in situ structural behavior. However, nowadays, this technology is not commonly used in asphalt due to its application restrictions under installation and service conditions. FBGs are fragile and break easily under loading. Therefore, there is a need for suitable protection of FBG sensors if they are to be installed during the rough construction process and exposed to heavy-duty loading afterwards. The main objective of the present study is to show the FBG results only for the initial construction process, and, if successful, to continue studying this FBG monitoring system and to plan the next research step by adjusting the system for its application in heavy-duty pavements. Two approaches to FBG installation in three asphalt layers (placed at the bottom of each layer) were tested in the present study: (1) installation of FBGs in prefabricated asphalt specimens in the base layer, directly on the base, and (2) installation of FBGs on the surface of the previously constructed asphalt layer. Both innovative approaches allow the implementation of FBGs without sawing the whole layer into two parts. The obtained results proved a survival rate of 100% for the FBGs. It can be concluded that these new described methods of FBG installation—using a cross-section configuration to carry out strain measurements in two directions (transverse and longitudinal)—can be applied for the monitoring of heavy-duty pavements, while providing the possibility to further re-evaluate current pavement design methods used in Flanders (Belgium).
Evaluation of nutritional properties of alfalfa and sainfoin forages by gas production techniques

Two forage species alfalfa (Medicago sativa), and sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.), at two consecutive growing season (spring and summer), were studied for their chemical composition and in vitro gas production characteristics. Data on cumulative gas production (mL gas/g DM) were fitted to the non-sigmoidal model, and for evaluation of model, the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) was used to assess the agreement between predicted and observed data. Chemical analysis showed that nutrient composition was affected by the forage type. Concentration of fiber components (NDF, ADF, cellulose and crude fiber) were higher in alfalfa compared to sainfoin (P 0.05). The results showed that there is a great potential for improving the analytical capacity of the technique, by reducing the length of incubation from 48 to 24 h for studies on high quality forages. This study showed that 24 h incubation provided informative results with high reproducibility of the measurements, clear relationship and high correlations between different parameters and the relative feed value (RFV), and also reliable models for prediction of metabolizable energy with high values for the coefficients of determination. The results indicated that the logistic model can be used to describe the in vitro gas production kinetics (CCC = 0.992). It was concluded that, in addition to chemical analysis, the in vitro gas production is a useful and simple technique for determination of the relative feeding value of these forage species.
UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS SELF-CONCEPT AND THEIR MATHEMATICS PROCEDURAL KNOWLEDGE: THE RELATIONSHIP

This study aimed to explain the relationship between self-concept and mathematics procedural knowledge among undergraduate students of mathematics education. This study investigated the affective and cognitive aspect of students in the learning of mathematics. The method in this study surveyed with non-probability sampling technique. The subjects were 133 undergraduate students of mathematics education from public and private university in Palembang, Indonesia. 66 of them were undergraduate students in public university. The rest of them were undergraduate students in a private university. The instruments that were used are questionnaire of self-concept and essay test of mathematics procedural knowledge. The result from the Spearman Rank Correlation showed Sig. = 0.006 < 0.05. From that result, we conclude that there is a significant relationship between undergraduate students’ self-concept and their mathematics procedural knowledge.
Change of iron species and iron solubility in Asian dust during the long-range transport from western China to Japan

Abstract. In the North Pacific, transport and deposition of mineral dust from Asia appear to be one of major sources of iron which can regulate growth of phytoplankton in the ocean. In this process, it is essential to identify chemical species of iron contained in Asian dust, because bioavailability of iron in the ocean is strongly influenced by the solubility of iron, which in turn is dependent on iron species in the dust. Here, we report that clay minerals (illite and chlorite) in the dusts near the source collected at Aksu (western China) can be transformed into ferrihydrite by atmospheric chemical processes during their long-range transport to eastern China (Qingdao) and Japan (Tsukuba) based on the speciation by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and other methods such as X-ray diffraction and chemical extraction. As a result, Fe molar ratio in Aksu (illite : chlorite : ferrihydrite = 70 : 25 : 5) was changed to that in Tsukuba (illite : chlorite : ferrihydrite = 65 : 10 : 25). Moreover, leaching experiments were conducted to study the change of iron solubility. It was found that the iron solubility for the dust in Tsukuba (soluble iron fraction: 11.8 % and 1.10 % for synthetic rain water and seawater, respectively) was larger than that in Aksu (4.1 % and 0.28 %, respectively), showing that iron in the dust after the transport becomes more soluble possibly due to the formation of ferrihydrite in the atmosphere. Our findings suggested that secondary formation of ferrihydrite during the transport should be considered as one of important processes in evaluating the supply of soluble iron to seawater.
A Grounded Theory Study Explaining Teachers’ Instructional Decision-making on Mathematics Fact Fluency for Students With a Mathematics Learning Disability

The purpose of this systematic grounded theory study was to explain the process teachers undergo when making instructional decisions on mathematics fact fluency for students with a learning disability in mathematics (MLD). The study focuses on revealing the factors, influencers, and knowledge that teachers negotiate to make instructional decisions. These constructs are necessary to understand and explain as the field of mathematics looks to improve the use of evidence-based instructional practices for students with MLD. There are currently no studies that provide an in-depth understanding of teachers’ decision-making within the construct of instructional decisions in mathematics fact fluency for students with MLD. Furthermore, there is no model or theory that explains decision-making in special education mathematics practices. The conceptual framework that guides this study is a synthesis of the theories used to explain decision-making in education: behaviorism, affirmation theory, concerns-based adoption model, and growth mindset. The study was open to licensed educators and tutors who teach mathematics to students with MLD in the United States. Data was collected from interviews, responses to vignettes, and student profile examinations. Data was analyzed using systematic grounded theory data analysis procedures and themes of the model form the structure of the theory, which was developed from the data. The resulting theory explains teachers’ decisionmaking as a process focused on students passing the end of year test. All teachers experience the same influencers (i.e., curricula, pacing guides, school and district initiatives): however, the difference in their decision-making lies on their perceived autonomy or perceived diminished autonomy. Implications for further research are also included.
Basin‐Wide Considerations for Water Quality Management: Importance of Phosphorus Retention by Reservoirs

The relationship between phosphorus retention (RP) and water residence time (RT) was assessed for selected U.S. Army Corps of Engineers reservoirs and found to be influenced by areal phosphorus loading rate (PL). For reservoirs with high PL (>15 gm/m2/yr), RP increased markedly with modest increases in RT. Reservoirs with lower values of PL exhibited less dramatic responses in RP to changes in RT. The water quality management implications of this are great since reservoirs for which marked changes in RP can occur with modest changes in RT are potential management loci within a drainage basin.