Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Lamb

The effect of including two levels of dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) in formulated diet on performance, and carcass characteristics of lambs was studied. Twenty-four Gulf Coast wether lambs (46.1 ± 1.2 kg initial BW, and 8 to 9 months of age) were divided into two groups based on their live body weight and randomly allocated to dietary treatments (2 per treatment; 4 lambs/pen; 8 lambs per treatment). Treatment diets containing DDGS at 0 (control), 12.7, or 25.4% on a DM basis were fed lambs. Basal diet contained dry-rolled corn, soybean meal, and fescue/bermuda grass hay. Dry Distillers grains with solubles was added to the finishing diets at either 12.7or 25.4% of the dietary DM to replace corn and SBM in basal diet. The concentrate mixes containing DDGS were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isocaloric to meet the NRC requirements of lamb. After 135-d feeding period final BW was recorded, then animals were slaughtered, and carcass parameters collected after a 48-h postmortem. Lamb performance and carcass quality data were analyzed using the GLM procedures. Dry matter intake and final BW of lambs were not different between treatment. Also, no differences were observed between treatments in hot and cold carcass wt, body wall fat, rib eye area, 12th rib fat, and kidney and pelvic fat depots. However a significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in average daily gain was found in lambs fed 0% DDGS diet compared to those fed 12.7 and 25.4% DDGS diets. These results supported the hypothesis that substitute of corn and SBM by up to 25.4% DDGS can be fed to lamb without adverse effect on carcass characteristics.
Imaging Characteristics of Thymomas on Chest CT Classified by the 2004 WHO Classification

The World Health Organization (WHO) histopathologic classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms has been considered to have prognostic value and can be directly correlated with clinical behavior. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have described the CT findings of thymic epithelial tumors by using the 2004 WHO classification. To summarize the CT findings of different histological subtypes according to the 2004 WHO classification of thymic epithelial tumors. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all the histologically proven thymic epithelial tumors in our hospital from January 2003 to September 2007 according to the 2004 WHO classification. The initial chest CT scans and the image characteristics were reviewed. The CT findings for each histological subtype were also compared. The CT images of 26 patients with thymic epithelial tumors were reviewed and there was some overlapping of CT findings among different histological subtypes. However, a high percentage of type A tumors were round shaped with smooth contours while more invasive thymomas and thymic carcinomas were more oval or plaque shaped with irregular contours. Type B3 thymic tumors and thymic carcinomas had a high percentage of tumor necrosis (75% and 78%, respectively) in comparison with type A and type AB tumors (25% and 25%, respectively). Calcifications were observed in type B group tumors without exception in our study. In addition, mediastinal involvement and metastasis were frequently seen in thymic carcinomas. The CT features of different subtypes of thymomas tend to overlap. But irregular shape, presence of necrosis, mediastinal fat invasion, great vessel invasion, and metastasis are diagnostic features which suggest thymic carcinoma.
Capacity-building needs assessment of rural health managers: The what and the how ...

Background. There has been a renewed focus on leadership and governance within the South African health workforce as a key to strengthening the health system. Several studies have highlighted that managers feel poorly prepared for their role and responsibilities and argue for support and development for healthcare managers. This study describes a ‘training’ need assessment conducted for health managers in a rural district which has informed Stellenbosch University Rural Medical Education Partnership Initiative (SURMEPI) continuing professional development activities. Objective. To determine the capacity-building needs and preferred approaches to capacity building for health managers in a rural district. Methods. The study used a mixed method design. A survey was conducted among healthcare managers followed by structured interviews with randomly selected participants. Results were discussed at a workshop and meetings with the district management, which allowed for triangulation and verification of results. Results. Thirty-two (68%) of the 47 health managers in the district completed the questionnaires. Training needs for competencies related to: leadership; communication and knowledge management; infection prevention and control; community/public health and health systems research and strengthening were slightly higher than other areas. Facility managers were prioritised as a target group for leadership and management capacity development. The preferred learning approach was for more practice-based learning in the workplace, supported by e-learning rather than didactic classroom-based teaching. Conclusion. Innovative approaches to capacity development and work-based support in developing intrinsic management competencies for front-line managers were highlighted in this needs assessment.
Analytical Solution for One-Dimensional Consolidation of Soil with Exponentially Time-Growing Drainage Boundary under a Ramp Load

By introducing the exponentially time-growing drainage boundary, this paper investigated the one-dimensional consolidation problem of soil under a ramp load. Firstly, the one-dimensional consolidation equations of soil are established when there is a ramp load acting on the soil surface. Then, the analytical solution of excess pore water pressure and consolidation degree is derived by means of the method of separation of variables and the integral transform technique. The rationality of this solution is also verified by comparing it with other existing analytical solutions. Finally, the consolidation behavior of soil is studied in detail for different interface parameters or loading scheme. The results show that the exponentially time-growing drainage boundary can reflect the phenomenon that the excess pore water pressure at the drainage boundaries dissipates smoothly rather than abruptly from its initial value to the value of zero. By adjusting the values of interface parameters b and c, the presented solution can be degraded to Schiffman’s solution, which can compensate for the shortcoming that Terzaghi’s drainage boundary can only consider the two extreme cases of fully pervious and impervious boundaries. The significant advantage of the exponentially time-growing drainage boundary is that it can be applied to describe the asymmetric drainage characteristics of the top and bottom drainage surfaces of the actual soil layer by choosing the appropriate interface parameters b and c.
Rapidly Metabolized Anesthetics: Novel Alternative Agents for ProceduralSedation

The increased demand for procedural sedation in the ambulatory setting has prompted the development of anesthetic agents that anesthesiologists and non-anesthesiologists could administer easily and safely. In this article, we discuss novel short-acting agents in development or in clinical trials that may serve as alternatives to current anesthetics for procedural sedation.
An NMR-Based Experimental Study on the Pore Structure of the Hydration Process of Mine Filling Slurry

To study the evolution of porosity in the process of filling slurry hydration, samples of tailing filling with different mixing ratios and different curing ages were prepared, and the pore structure was tested by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR). According to the T2 spectrum distribution curve and T2 spectrum area of the filling slurry hydration process, the porosity and the evolution of the pore distribution features of the filling samples were analysed. The results showed that the higher the mass concentration of the filling slurry, the slower the hydration reaction, the smaller the average size of the pores, the higher the proportion occupied by harmful pores, and the lower the proportion occupied by multiharmful pores. The smaller the cement-sand ratio of the slurry, the higher the proportion occupied by harmful pores and the larger the aperture of the pores. The porosity of the filling slurry with the cement-sand ratio of 1 : 8 is the highest, and the hydration velocity of the filling slurry with the cement-sand ratio of 1 : 3 is the fastest.
Preparation of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Cotton and its Evaluation as Direct Compressible Excipient in the Formulation of Naproxen Tablets

Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was prepared by acid hydrolysis from the cellulose purified from the cotton. Chemical assay, determination of degree of polymerization (DP) and FT-IR confirm the identification of prepared microcrystalline cellulose. The FT-IR spectrum of synthesized MCC is very similar to that of Avicel® PH- 102, a commercial direct compression excipient, at consideration of both band position and intensity. The degree of polymerization (DP) of prepared MCC and Avicel PH102, determined from the value of intrinsic viscosity, were 210 and 240, respectively. The tableting properties of prepared MCC was excellent while formulating naproxen tablet. The hardness and friability of the tablets prepared from MCC was 5.33 ± 0.45 kg and 0.077%, respectively which were comparable to the tablets prepared from marketed Avicel PH102 having hardness and friability 7.35 ± 0.41 kg and 0.063%, respectively. The disintegration time of tablet prepared from MCC and Avicel PH102 was 8.25 ± 0.41 min and 4.50 ±0.28 min, respectively. Again, the tablets prepared from MCC and Avicel PH102 showed more than 90% and 98% dissolution, respectively as per the USP specified medium. All these data indicate that the hardness, friability, disintegration and dissolution properties of tablets prepared by using our MCC comply with the USP specifications. This makes the prepared MCC as a promising candidate for direct compressible excipient of tablet. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/dujps.v13i2. 21899 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 13(2): 187-192, 2014 (December)
Photodynamic Action against Wastewater Microorganisms and Chemical Pollutants: An Effective Approach with Low Environmental Impact

Wastewater (WW) from urban and industrial activities is often contaminated with microorganisms and chemical pollutants. To reduce the concentration of microorganisms in WW to levels comparable to those found in natural waters, the sewage effluent is usually subjected to disinfection with chlorine, ozone, or ultraviolet light, which may lead to the formation of toxic products and contribute to the selection of resistant genes. Moreover, the changing patterns of infectious diseases and the emerging of multidrug resistant microbial strains entail the development of new technologies for WW decontamination. Microbial photodynamic inactivation (PDI) with photosensitizers, oxygen, and visible light has demonstrated to be effective in the inactivation of microorganisms via photogeneration of reactive oxygen species able to induce microbial damage at the external structures level. The promising results of PDI suggest that this principle can be applied to WW treatment to inactivate microorganisms but also to photodegrade chemical pollutants. The aim of this study was to assess the applicability of PDI for the microbial and chemical decontamination of secondarily treated WW. To evaluate the efficiency of bacterial inactivation in WW, experiments were done in both phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and filtered WW with the bioluminescent Escherichia coli, using small and large volumes of WW. The potential of PDI to inactivate the native bacteria (E. coli and Enterococcus) present in WW was tested and assays without the adding of bacteria to the WW were performed. It was also tested if the same PDI protocol was able to induce phototransformation of phenol. The cationic porphyrin 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin tetra-iodide (Tetra-Py+-Me) was shown to be effective against both bacterial groups representing both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria used as microbiological parameters to instigate water quality and even showing the power to photooxidate organic compounds. As the photosensitizer when immobilized on solid matrixes can be easily removed, recovered, and reused, an effective, less-expensive, easy-applicable, and environmentally friendly technology can be applied to treat WW, inactivating microorganisms and degrading chemical contaminants at the same time.
Histopathological and biochemical disrupting effects of Escravos crude oil on the liver and heart in Chinchilla rabbits

The benefit of exploration and exploitation of crude oil to the Nigerian economy is not without its negative consequences. Apart from the indirect exposure to crude oil due to spillage, the consumption of this crude oil by the rural populace living in oil rich regions as traditional medicine for illnesses have evoked local and international concerns. The aim of this study was to investigate the histological and biochemical disrupting effects of Escravos crude on the liver and heart in Chinchilla rabbits. A total of thirty Chinchilla rabbits aged twelve to fourteen weeks and weighing 1.2 to 1.45 kg were used. Crude oil was orally given at the doses of 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg/kg body weight, corresponding to groups B, C, D and E, respectively for 28 days while group A (control) received distilled water. The result show a dose dependent significant increase in the serum concentrations of total cholesterol, creatine kinase, Creactive protein, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase (p<0.05). The histological findings include: lymphocytic infiltration, cirrhosis, fibrosis, hemosiderin, oedema, mild tissue scaring and tissue necrosis. Thus, this result suggests that Escravos crude oil is a potential biochemical disruptor and can also affect the micro-architecture of liver and heart. Key words : Escravos crude oil, liver, heart, biochemical parameters, histology, Chinchilla rabbits.
Electronic and Elastic Properties of CsCaF3 Doped with Vanadium

In this paper, we applied Density Functional Theory to see effect of doped vanadium (V) element on physical properties of CsCaF3 compound by Wien2k software. Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof General Gradient approximation was used for exchange-correlation energy. We observed that when CsCaF3 compound doped with Vanadium, value of energy band gap gets smaller around 1eV as expected. In addition, we calculated and interpreted how the density of states was formed by atoms. Moreover, the compound has indirect band transition and it is classified as a semiconductor. Furthermore, calculated elastic constant verify mechanic stability conditions for cubic structure. Moreover, anisotropy factor is bigger than unity means material is anisotropic.
THE IMPACT OF SUCCESSOR CHARACTERISTIC ON STOCK RETURNS

To find out effects of top managers’ turnover on stock returns, this study utilizes the market model to analyze the wealth effects of top executive turnover in Taiwanese listed electronic companies. Results in this study show that in the case of insider successor condition, it supports the ritual scapegoating theory for top executives (R&D Managers and CEOs). The results of chairmans are more consistent with vicious cycle hypothesis. On the other hand, the case of outsider successor condition shows that the ritual scapegoating theory is more suitable for CEOs and chairmans. The common sense theory is more valid when the new outsider successors are R&D Managers. The results of this study show that selecting the chairman of board is a critical decision when new successors of chairman of board are insider. The results also show the turnovers of R&D managers have positive stock reactions when new successors are outsiders.
The Prevalence of Excessive Mobile Phone Use and its Relation With Mental Health Status and Demographic Factors Among the Students of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences in 2011 - 2012

Background: The excessive mobile phones use is a common problem among students, so it is necessary to identify this phenomenon’s relevant factors in each university for appropriate planning. Objectives: The study aim was to determine the prevalence of excessive mobile phone use and its relationship with mental health status and demographic factors on the students of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences in 2011 - 2012. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all 700 students in the university were surveyed and completed demographic information form, GHQ-28, mobile phone addiction scale (MPAI). The data were analyzed in SPSS-18 software and by Chi-square test, student t-test and ANOVA were used at the significant level of P 0.05), and also somatization (P 0.05). Conclusions: According to rather high prevalence of excessive use of mobile phone and existence of significant relation between the prevalence of excessive mobile phone use and mental health problems, it is recommended to improve their mental health status and acceptable social relationship instead of dependency on mobile phone use that can inreturn reduce the negative effects of excessive mobile phone use.
AIAA-2002-2728 Active Control of Supersonic Impinging Jets: Flowfield Properties and Closed-loop Strategies

Supersonic impinging jets produce a highly unsteady flowfield leading to a very noisy environment with very high dynamic pressure loads on nearby surfaces. In prior work, we demonstrated that supersonic microjets can be used to disrupt the feedback loop inherent in high-speed impinging jet flows, thereby significantly reducing the adverse effects produced by this flow. In this paper, we explore two aspects of the microjet control scheme. First, detailed PIV measurements are used to examine the role of streamwise vorticity in the feedback interruption using microjets. Second, a novel closed-loop control strategy which uses on-line pressure measurements near the nozzle exit to achieve optimal flow control irrespective of flow conditions, is explored. The PIV measurements revealed that the activation of microjets produces substantial streamwise vorticity in the form of well organized, counter-rotating pairs of streamwise vortices. The production of significantly higher streamwise vorticity due to microjets comes at the expense of the azimuthal vorticity in the shear layer. This weakens the large-scale axisymmetric structures in the jet shear layer while also introducing more three-dimensionality into the flow. Both these factors, lead to a weakening of the feedback loop, which may account for the success of this control scheme. The closed-loop control strategy consisted of determining the dominant POD mode using pressure measurements at the nozzle exit and using a ‘mode matched strategy’ to determine the microjet pressure distribution along the nozzle. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in the unsteady pressure loads along with a consistent improvement compared to an open-loop control strategy where the microjet pressures were kept constant. It is proposed that this improved reduction may be due to the fact that the mode-matched strategy results in the intensity of the microjets to be proportional to the corresponding acoustic wave intensity near the nozzle. The stronger microjets then provide a stronger local disruption and perhaps generate more streamwise vorticity, both of which lead to more efficient local disruption of the feedback loop resulting in larger reductions in the flow unsteadiness.
Injury Patterns of Drivers and Other Vehicle Occupants in the Banja Luka Region (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Background : Traffic traumatism in Bosnia and Herzegovina has not been given adequate attention and there is a lack of serious research on this problem. Motor vehicle occupants represent a significant number of fatalities on local roads. The aim of this study was to identify particular risk groups of traffic participants and determine the differences in injuring due to the position of the vehicle. Methods: Study included 400 injured and fatally injured occupants among 2009-2013 in Banja Luka. We analyzed of demographic and injury characteristics, cause of death and alcohol intoxication of drivers. Data are presented numerically and in percentages, statistically analyzed. Results: Men account for nearly 3/4 of the total number of deaths and over 95% of dead drivers. Nearly two-thirds of victims were aged 15-44 years, and one third of injured were in the third decade of life. Drivers more often had AIS3+ injuries of head, chest, abdomen and AIS2+ injuries of thoracic spine and lower extremities. More often drivers and front passengers had AIS3+ chest injuries, while the back seat occupants had AIS3+ head injuries. There was a positive correlation between age and frequency of AIS3+ chest injuries and AIS2+ spinal injuries. The most common cause of death were head (41%) and chest injuries (33.3%). Nearly 3/4 of injured persons were died at the scene of accident or during transport to the nearest health care facility. Nearly 60% of killed drivers had legally prohibited BAC (> 0.3 g/kg). Conclusion: Men in motor vehicles more often die in traffic accidents, and a particularly vulnerable category is young male drivers. Seat belts using on domestic routes is dissatisfactory and additional efforts are required.
Non-starch polysaccharide degrading enzymes in poultry diets: influence of ingredients on the selection of activities

The use of non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) degrading enzymes as feed additives has consolidated around their application to barley- and wheat-based diets for broiler chicks. Only with this application has a good understanding of their mode of action been developed and reasons for their effectiveness established. Most of the effect of NSP degrading enzymes can be ascribed to reversing the increase in digesta viscosity caused by polysaccharides leached from grain cell walls. Because digesta viscosity is greatest in the youngest birds and decreases with age, the value of supplementary enzymes for older birds is limited to secondary and less well defined effects. These include the release of nutrients otherwise entrapped in the cellular matrix of the feed. Maize alone amongst the commonly used cereals does not appear to release soluble NSPs in amounts sufficient to produce a detectable depression in performance. However, maize is not a homogeneous commodity and for some samples this may not be the case. Use of NSP degrading enzymes with legume seeds can improve nitrogen retention but effects are generally small. The structures of the soyabean NSPs, particularly the pectic polysaccharides, appear unique and existing commercial formulations are not recognised to contain enzymes capable of their degradation. With the present knowledge of soyabean polysaccharide structure, more informed formulation of enzyme products for use with soyabean should enable better responses to be achieved. When coupled with the lesser response from maize, this could allow the effective use of enzyme additives with maize-soyabean diets.