Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The ciliary membrane‐associated proteome reveals actin‐binding proteins as key components of cilia

Primary cilia are sensory, antennae‐like organelles present on the surface of many cell types. They have been involved in a variety of diseases collectively termed ciliopathies. As cilia are essential regulators of cell signaling, the composition of the ciliary membrane needs to be strictly regulated. To understand regulatory processes at the ciliary membrane, we report the targeting of a genetically engineered enzyme specifically to the ciliary membrane to allow biotinylation and identification of the membrane‐associated proteome. Bioinformatic analysis of the comprehensive dataset reveals high‐stoichiometric presence of actin‐binding proteins inside the cilium. Immunofluorescence stainings and complementary interaction proteomic analyses confirm these findings. Depolymerization of branched F‐actin causes further enrichment of the actin‐binding and actin‐related proteins in cilia, including Myosin 5a (Myo5a). Interestingly, Myo5a knockout decreases ciliation while enhanced levels of Myo5a are observed in cilia upon induction of ciliary disassembly. In summary, we present a novel approach to investigate dynamics of the ciliary membrane proteome in mammalian cells and identify actin‐binding proteins as mechanosensitive components of cilia that might have important functions in cilia membrane dynamics.
Anticoagulant Activity of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Extract on Human Blood Samples

The abundance, availability and affordability of pineapple have triggered the researcher to explore its potential for clinical laboratory applications. Thisstudy was conducted to determine the viability of pineapple (Ananas comosus)extract as laboratory anticoagulant and substitute for ethylenediamine tetraaceticacid (EDTA). The data obtained from laboratory standard procedures weresubjected to one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s test. Among the fourmethods of extraction used, 95% ethanol and Expression gave a considerableyield with respect to volume of the extract produced. With regard to the ability toprevent blood coagulation, extract obtained through Expression with spiral twistobtained positive results comparable for EDTA. In the observation for red blood Vol. 6 · June 201453IAMURE International Journal of Science and Clinical Laboratorycell hemolysis, the different volumes of extracts produced results comparableto EDTA. However, with regard to the efficiency in preventing red blood cellcrenation and clumping, 300ul extract did not have a significant difference withEDTA; therefore, the results obtained were comparable. Preservation of thestaining reactions of the cell structures was also observed. Although significantdifferences were recorded in each of the volumes used, 300ul produced resultsthat were somehow comparable to EDTA. The efficiency was recorded in theevaluation of the extract’s efficiency in maintaining cell size and shape. Keywords: Medical Technology, anticoagulant property, pineapple extracts, calciumchelator, EDTA, bromelain, hemolysis, staining reaction, morphology, trueexperimental design,ANOVA, Tukey’s test, Philippines
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH RESISTANCE TO DEMENTIA DESPITE HIGH ALZHEIMER DISEASE PATHOLOGY

strate a right hemispheric abnormality as the basis for a cerebral pathology and the present pattern of hyperintense signal in the diffusion-weighted MRI sequences throughout the entire right hemisphere would not be seen in a patient with ischemic lesions. This is because the signal does not respect typical vascular distributions and also because the magnetic resonance angiography (not shown) did not reveal any signs of intracranial or extracranial stenosis or occlusions.
25-Hydroxyvitamin D, dementia, and cerebrovascular pathology in elders receiving home services

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has potential adverse effects on neurocognitive health and subcortical function. However, no studies have examined the association between vitamin D status, dementia, and cranial MRI indicators of cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Cross-sectional investigation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], dementia, and MRI measures of CVD in elders receiving home care (aged 65–99 years) from 2003 to 2007. Results: Among 318 participants, the mean age was 73.5 ± 8.1 years, 231 (72.6%) were women, and 109 (34.3%) were black. 25(OH)D concentrations were deficient (<10 ng/mL) in 14.5% and insufficient (10–20 ng/mL) in 44.3% of participants. There were 76 participants (23.9%) with dementia, 41 of which were classified as probable AD. Mean 25(OH)D concentrations were lower in subjects with dementia (16.8 vs 20.0 ng/mL, p < 0.01). There was a higher prevalence of dementia among participants with 25(OH)D insufficiency (≤20 ng/mL) (30.5% vs 14.5%, p < 0.01). 25(OH)D deficiency was associated with increased white matter hyperintensity volume (4.9 vs 2.9 mL, p < 0.01), grade (3.0 vs 2.2, p = 0.04), and prevalence of large vessel infarcts (10.1% vs 6.9%, p < 0.01). After adjustment for age, race, sex, body mass index, and education, 25(OH)D insufficiency (≤20 ng/mL) was associated with more than twice the odds of all-cause dementia (odds ratio [OR] = 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2–4.2), Alzheimer disease (OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.1–6.1), and stroke (with and without dementia symptoms) (OR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.0–4.0). Conclusions: Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency was associated with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer disease, stroke (with and without dementia symptoms), and MRI indicators of cerebrovascular disease. These findings suggest a potential vasculoprotective role of vitamin D.
Differential association of [11C]PIB and [18F]FDDNP binding with cognitive impairment

Objective: To evaluate associations of [11C]Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) and [18F]FDDNP with impairment in specific cognitive domains over the broader spectrum comprising cognitively normal elderly subjects, patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: Twelve patients with AD, 13 patients with MCI, and 15 cognitively normal elderly subjects were included. Paired [11C]PIB and [18F]FDDNP PET scans were performed in all subjects. Binding potential (BPND) was calculated using parametric images of BPND for global, frontal, parietal, and temporal cortex; medial temporal lobe; and posterior cingulate. Cognitive functions were assessed using a battery of neuropsychological tests. Linear regression analyses were used to assess associations of [11C]PIB and [18F]FDDNP binding with cognitive measures. Results: Adjusted for age, sex, and [18F]FDDNP binding, higher global [11C]PIB binding was associated with lower scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination, immediate and delayed recall of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task (RAVLT), Visual Association Task, and Trail Making Test part B. Conversely, higher [18F]FDDNP binding was independently associated with lower scores on immediate recall of the RAVLT. After additional adjustment for diagnosis, higher [11C]PIB binding remained independently associated with delayed recall (standardized β = −0.39, p = 0.01), whereas higher [18F]FDDNP binding remained independently associated with immediate recall (standardized β = −0.32, p = 0.03). When regional binding was assessed using stepwise models, both increased frontal [11C]PIB and temporal [18F]FDDNP binding were associated with memory, whereas increased parietal [11C]PIB binding was associated with nonmemory functions. Conclusion: Increased [18F]FDDNP binding is specifically associated with impairment of episodic memory, whereas increased [11C]Pittsburgh compound B binding is associated with impairment in a broader range of cognitive functions.
A Review of Paying Research Participants: It's Time to Move beyond the Ethical Debate

Current regulatory guidelines require the ethical review committee to consider one question when evaluating payment: Is the payment to the participant undue or coercive? Although this is a seemingly simple question, determining appropriate payment involves a series of complex issues. There is limited empirical knowledge to assist with this determination and little consensus on which elements of a study should be considered in making these decisions. For example, should the culture of the study population or the potential risks and benefits of the research be considered in the selection of appropriate payment? Following a review of national and international guidelines, the concerns and benefits of paying research participants are presented, and prior ethical debate is outlined. The current research literature on the practice of paying participants and the impact of payment on participants and study integrity are reviewed. Finally, given continued debate with limited data to help determine best practices, a research agenda is proposed to assist in the development of an empirical basis to aid investigators and ethical review committees in making appropriate decisions about payment to research participants.
An Off-Line Cursive Handwritten Word Recognition System and Its Application to Legal Amount Interpretation

Off-line cursive script recognition has got increasing attention during the last three decades since it is of interest in several areas such as banking and postal service. An off-line cursive handwritten word recognition system is described in this paper and is used for legal amount interpretation in personal checks. The proposed recognition system uses a set of geometric and topologic features to characterize each word. By considering the spatial distribution of these features in a word image, the proposed system maps each word into two strings of finite symbols. A local associative indexing scheme is then used on these strings to organize a vocabulary. When presented with an unknown word, the system uses the same indexing scheme to retrieve a set of candidate words likely to match the input word. A verification process is then carried out to find the best match among the candidate set. The performance of the proposed system has been tested with a legal amount image database from real bankchecks. The results obtained indicate that the proposed system is able to recognize legal amounts with great accuracy.
Neurotransmitter changes in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson disease dementia in vivo

Objective: Although Parkinson disease with dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) show a wide clinical and neuropathologic overlap, they are differentiated according to the order and latency of cognitive and motor symptom appearance. Whether both are distinct disease entities is an ongoing controversy. Therefore, we directly compared patients with DLB and PDD with multitracer PET. Methods: PET with 18fluorodopa (FDOPA), N-11C-methyl-4-piperidyl acetate (MP4A), and 18fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) was performed in 8 patients with PDD, 6 patients with DLB, and 9 patients with PD without dementia vs age-matched controls. Data were analyzed with voxel-based statistical parametric mapping and region of interest–based statistics. Results: We found a reduced FDOPA uptake in the striatum and in limbic and associative prefrontal areas in all patient groups. Patients with PDD and patients with DLB showed a severe MP4A and FDG binding reduction in the neocortex with increasing signal diminution from frontal to occipital regions. Significant differences between PDD and DLB were not found in any of the radioligands used. Patients with PD without dementia had a mild cholinergic deficit and no FDG reductions vs controls. Conclusions: Patients with dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson disease dementia share the same dopaminergic and cholinergic deficit profile in the brain and seem to represent 2 sides of the same coin in a continuum of Lewy body diseases. Cholinergic deficits seem to be crucial for the development of dementia in addition to motor symptoms. The spatial congruence of cholinergic deficits and energy hypometabolism argues for cortical deafferentation due to the degeneration of projection fibers from the basal forebrain.
SEVERE ENCEPHALOPATHY WITH SWINE ORIGIN INFLUENZA A H1N1 INFECTION IN CHILDHOOD: CASE REPORTS

The potential for severe respiratory complications associated with swine origin influenza A H1N1 is well documented.1 Australia has seen a dramatic increase in the number of cases of H1N1 infection. H1N1 currently is responsible for >50% of all influenza cases in the Australian 2009 winter. Recently 4 children were reported with neurologic complications associated with swine origin influenza A H1N1.2 We report 2 previously well children who presented to our institution over a 2-week period with serious neurologic complications and focal changes on MRI associated with H1N1 2009 influenza infection. ### Case reports. Case 1 was a previously healthy 5-year-old girl who presented with 3 days of fever, right occipital headache, confusion, and drowsiness. She was febrile (38.5°C), agitated, and had a left hemiplegia. A brain MRI showed high signal and swelling of the right parieto-occipital cortex on T2-weighted images with diffusion restriction in the underlying subcortical white matter (figure, A). A nasopharyngeal swab specimen was positive for influenza A by direct immunofluorescence (IF), which was identified as influenza H1N1 of swine origin by real-time PCR.3 CSF RT-PCR was negative for H1N1 influenza virus. Treatment was started with oseltamivir within 24 hours of admission. She subsequently developed focal status epilepticus (clonic jerking of left hand and face) with right posterior spike and wave activity on EEG. …
An evaluation of a basic life support CD-ROM

The faculty has developed a basic life support (BLS) CD-ROM as part of a staff development project across the UK’s south west region’s universities. The introduction of the BLS CD-ROM to the faculty represents a paradigm shift, from the former method of delivering an acetate-based BLS lecture to groups of students across the professional disciplines. It is the intention that all students and staff requiring BLS instruction, should access the CD-ROM to gain and test essential theoretical knowledge, and have an opportunity to observe best practice through video demonstrations. The production of the BLS CD-ROM meets many of the current National Health Service and Higher Education agendas, with the potential for learning to take place in clinical environments and for developing key transferable skills. The tool can also be used to achieve the requirements for multi-professional education. This presentation introduces the evaluative testing by questionnaire of the beta version of the CD-ROM, using a convenient sample of 26 Diploma nursing students, adult branch. The results identify changes needed before implementation of the CD-ROM as a learning tool across all pre- and post-qualified professional groups. The students particularly valued the opportunity to learn at their own pace, and the use of critical thinking scenarios, which enhanced their learning. A small number of technical and presentational errors were identified for correction. Students also made suggestions for other improvements and further developments of multimedia learning materials. While this enthusiastic appraisal is acknowledged, the current paucity of research demands that the faculty continues to evaluate the use of the CD-ROM when fully implemented. This research will be used to inform further developments of multi-media learning materials.
Content Validation of the Organizational Climate for Research Integrity (OCRI) Survey

The purpose of this study was to develop and establish content validity of an instrument designed to measure the organizational climate for research integrity in academic health centers. Twenty-seven research integrity scholars and administrators evaluated 64 survey items for relevance and clarity, as well as overall comprehensiveness of the constructs that are measured (organizational inputs, structures, processes and outcomes). Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used, particularly content validity indices (CVI) and analyses of respondents' comments. The content validity index for the overall survey was initially high (CVI = .83) and improved (CVI = .90) when 17 marginal-to-poor items were removed. This study resulted in the Organizational Climate for Research Integrity (OCRI) survey, a 43-item fixed-response survey with established content validity.
COMT genotype and cognitive function

Objective: Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), an enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of dopamine, is necessary for cognitive function. Few studies have examined the prospective association between COMT (val158met) genotype and cognition in older adults. Methods: We assessed a biracial cohort of 2,858 elderly subjects without dementia who were followed for 8 years. The Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) were administered at baseline and years 3, 5, and 8. COMT by race, gender, and APOE status interactions were examined. Results: Stratified by race and adjusted for covariates, repeated-measures mixed-effects models showed no association between COMT genotype and baseline cognitive function in black or white subjects. In white subjects, COMT was associated with change in 3MS (Met/Met: −2.3 [0.60], Met/Val: −1.7 [0.40], and Val/Val: −1.2 [0.50]) and DSST (Met/Met: −5.60 [1.00], Met/Val: −4.80 [0.70], Val/Val: −4.00 [0.90]). In black subjects, COMT was associated with change in the DSST (Met/Met: −4.10 [2.1], Met/Val: −4.80 [0.90], Val/Val −2.60 [1.00]). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the Val allele has a protective impact on cognitive decline in late life.
NMDA RECEPTOR ENCEPHALITIS MIMICKING SERONEGATIVE NEUROMYELITIS OPTICA

NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis typically begins as a fulminant encephalopathy, with prominent neuropsychiatric manifestations, seizures, dyskinesias, and autonomic instability. After this often dramatic presentation, 1-3 relapses may occur. Most patients either die or recover from the disease.1 We describe a 15-year-old girl who initially presented with encephalopathy, hypoventilation, dyskinesias, and seizures. Her subsequent course was atypical, with more than 10 relapses during the next year, with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) and optic neuritis (ON) in addition to multifocal, contrast-enhancing gray and white matter lesions. These findings have not been previously reported in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Her disease was ultimately controlled on an aggressive combined regimen of monthly plasmapheresis, pulse methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide, and rituximab. ### Case report. A 15-year-old girl presented with headaches, photophobia, complex partial seizures, and encephalopathy dominated by hyporesponsiveness. Orofacial dyskinesias were noted. She required intubation for hypoventilatory failure. Her CSF demonstrated 420 leukocytes/mm3 (13% neutrophils, 79% lymphocytes, 8% monocytes). Protein was 103 mg/dL; glucose 38 mg/dL. MRI demonstrated a contrast-enhancing periatrial lesion (figure, A). After a 2-week hospitalization, she recovered without residual symptoms. Figure Features of atypical anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis MRI: (A) Initial contrast-enhancing lesion; (B) longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis; (C) continued development of contrast-enhancing lesions; (D) retrochiasmatic optic neuritis; (E, F) continued accumulation of T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintense lesion burden, with sagittal FLAIR hyperintensities reminiscent of Dawson's fingers (E). Brain biopsy (from contrast-enhancing frontal lobe lesion): (G) perivascular infiltrate with associated reactive microgliosis; (H) widespread parenchymal destruction mediated by infiltrative lymphocytes and macrophages without selective demyelination; (I) prominent mixed perivascular infiltrate (macrophages, T- and B-lymphocytes with uncommon neutrophils and rare eosinophils). Western blot: (J) Western blot depicting the …
Envelhecimento e deficiência auditiva referida: um estudo de base populacional

O objetivo do estudo foi estimar a prevalencia da deficiencia auditiva referida por idosos do Municipio de Sao Paulo, Brasil, segundo caracteristicas sociodemograficas e descrever caracteristicas atribuidas a esta deficiencia. Os dados sao provenientes do Inquerito de Saude do Municipio de Sao Paulo (ISA-Capital/2003), com analise do subgrupo dos idosos (n = 872). Realizaram-se o teste do χ2 e a analise de regressao de Poisson. A prevalencia da deficiencia auditiva referida pelos idosos foi 11,2% e foi maior entre os homens (RP = 1,86; IC95%: 1,19-2,92). Observou-se grande desconhecimento dos idosos quanto as causas da deficiencia auditiva referida (42,5%), 25,5% relataram ter dificuldades em atividades de lazer, 11,4% necessitavam de ajuda para atividades cotidianas e 63,3% relataram nao necessitar de assistencia em decorrencia deste deficit. A alta prevalencia de deficiencia auditiva referida pelos idosos, principalmente do sexo masculino, remete a relevância deste problema para a saude publica, ja que o envelhecimento populacional e uma realidade nova e vem acompanhada de exigencias ainda desconhecidas por profissionais e pelo poder publico.
Cognitive outcome 10 years after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery

Objective: To explore late effects of temporal lobe resection (TLR) for epilepsy on general cognitive level and memory. Methods: Fifty-one patients who had undergone TLR (23 in the speech-dominant temporal lobe [DTL] and 28 in the nondominant temporal lobe [NDTL]) were assessed preoperatively and 2 and 10 years postoperatively. Twenty-three healthy controls were assessed at baseline and at corresponding intervals. A battery of standardized tests for assessment of general cognitive level and memory was analyzed using a linear mixed model of between-subjects treatment effect and within-subject time effect. Results: The main result was cognitive stability from 2 to 10 years after TLR. The DTL group had declined in verbal memory at the 10-year follow-up compared to the NDTL group and to the controls. However, this decline was detected already 2 years postoperatively, with no further decline from 2 to 10 years. The memory decline was not related to seizure outcome or AED treatment. The NDTL group showed less improvement in performance IQ (PIQ) at the 10-year follow-up compared to the controls. The most important correlate to inferior PIQ scores was continuing seizures, which was more frequent in the NDTL group. Conclusions: In this study, the main finding was cognitive stability from 2 to 10 years after temporal lobe resection. There was no further decline in verbal memory from 2 to 10 years after surgery, lending no support to the notion of an ongoing progressive decline in verbal memory after temporal lobe resection. The verbal memory course was not dependent on seizure outcome or antiepileptic drug treatment.
The most reactive amide as a transition-state mimic for cis-trans interconversion.

1-Azatricyclo[3.3. 1.1(3,7)]decan-2-one (3), the parent compound of a rare class of 90°-twisted amides, has finally been synthesized, using an unprecedented transformation. These compounds are of special interest as transition-state mimics for the enzyme-catalyzed cis-trans rotamer interconversion of amides involved in peptide and protein folding and function. The stabilization of the amide group in its high energy, perpendicular conformation common to both systems is shown for the rigid tricyclic system to depend, as predicted by calculation, on its methyl group substitution pattern, making 3 by some way the most reactive known "amide".