Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Unique Amino-terminal Region of the PDE4D5 cAMP Phosphodiesterase Isoform Confers Preferential Interaction with β-Arrestins*

Isoproterenol challenge of Hek-B2 cells causes a transient recruitment of the endogenous PDE4D isoforms found in these cells, namely PDE4D3 and PDE4D5, to the membrane fraction. PDE4D5 provides around 80% of the total PDE4D protein so recruited, although it only comprises about 40% of the total PDE4D protein in Hek-B2 cells. PDE4D5 provides about 80% of the total PDE4D protein found associated with β-arrestins immunopurified from Hek-B2, COS1, and A549 cells as well as cardiac myocytes, whereas its overall level in these cells is between 15 and 50% of the total PDE4D protein. Truncation analyses indicate that two sites in PDE4D5 are involved in mediating its interaction with β-arrestins, one associated with the common PDE4 catalytic region and the other located within its unique amino-terminal region. Truncation analyses indicate that two sites in β-arrestin 2 are involved in mediating its interaction with PDE4D5, one associated with its extreme amino-terminal region and the other located within the carboxyl-terminal domain of the protein. We suggest that the unique amino-terminal region of PDE4D5 allows it to preferentially interact with β-arrestins. This specificity appears likely to account for the preferential recruitment of PDE4D5, compared with PDE4D3, to membranes of Hek-B2 cells and cardiac myocytes upon challenge with isoproterenol.
Novel set of groundnut SSR markers for germplasm analysis and interspecific transferability.

Cultivated groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.), is an important oil seed crop grown mostly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. However, it suffers with narrow genetic diversity due to genetic bottlenecks such as the recent polyploidization and self pollinating nature of the crop. In such crop species, simple sequence repeats (SSRs), as compared to other marker systems such as restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), randomly amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) have been found more informative for genetic studies and breeding applications. Therefore, with an aim to develop new SSR markers in groundnut, a SSR-enriched library was constructed from the genotype ICGV 86031. Out of 29 SSRs isolated, primer pairs were designed for 23 SSR loci, of which 14 (61%) primer pairs yielded scorable amplicons. Eight (57%) primer pairs showed polymorphism among 23 groundnut genotypes that are parents of different groundnut mapping populations at ICRISAT, India and EMBRAPA, Brazil. The polymorphism information content (PIC) for polymorphic SSR markers ranged from 0.13 to 0.36, with an average of 0.25. Newly isolated SSR loci showed good interspecific transferability rates ranging from 13% to 100% across seven legumes and 43% to 100% within the seven legumes. The present set of newly developed SSR markers enriches the existing groundnut SSR repertoire and the transferable SSR markers will be useful for comparative genome analysis in related legumes.
Sufentanil Pharmacokinetics in Patients with Cirrhosis

The effects of cirrhosis on the elimination kinetics and plasma protein binding of sufentanil were evaluated in 12 anesthetized patients with uncomplicated cirrhosis and these findings were compared with data from age-matdied control anesthetized patients with normal hepatic and renal function. Sufentanil 3 μg/kg was Xiuen intravenously as a bolus injection and venous plasnza concentrations were measured at intervals up to 10 hrs. The average (±SD) elimination half life was 3.5 ± 0.9 lirs in controls and did not differ in cirrhotics: 4.1 ± 0.6 hrs. The plasma clearance did not differ between the two groups: 11.3 ± 2.5 ml·min−1·kg−1 in controls and 10.8 ± 4.6 ml·min−1·kg−1 in cirrhotic patients. The sufentanil free fraction was also similar in controls (8.3 ± 1.590) and in cirrhotic patients (9.6 ± 1.8%). These data suggest that sufentanil in a single dose should hazle a similar duration of action in patients with uncomplicated cirrhosis and in normal patients.
Social and play responses of first-born and later-born infants in an unfamiliar situation.

Responses to a stranger and to a novel toy were measured in 12 first-born infants and 6 infants whose next sibling was 6 or more years older. Also tested were 18 later-borns whose age-spacing to next sibling was 5 years or less and who were matched to the other infants in age, sex, and socioeconomic status of parents. Subjects ranged in age from 38 to 56 weeks and were cared for predominately by their mothers. First-born and widely spaced infants were found to pause longer before picking up the toy, to play less, to cry more, and to smile later and less often than later-borns with preschool siblings. It was concluded that infants exposed to few persons tend to show more fear and fewer positive social responses toward strangers than do infants exposed to many.
Remediation of Endosulfan by Biotic and Abiotic Methods

Endosulfan is a persistent, toxic broad-spectrum organochlorine insecticide and acaricide used on food and non-food crops. To overcome the problem of hydrophobicity of endosulfan, surfactants play a major role in soil remediation. A concentration of 1 g/L tween 80 released 83.89% ± 1.22% of endosulfan from the soil in 24 hours and a total of only 13.96% ± 0.14% was found remaining in the soil. Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that promises effective and inexpensive cleanup of contaminated hazardous waste sites. The potential of aquatic plant species Salvinia molesta and the terrestrial plant species, Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), to remove persistent organochlorine pesticide endosulfan from contaminated water and soil respectively were investigated. Remediation of endosulfan in water using different aquatic plants showed that Salvinia molesta is more efficient in endosulfan removal as the percentage removal of endosulfan obtained was 97.94% ± 0.33% in 21 days (with an initial concentration of 123 μg/L endosulfan). Among the selected terrestrial plant species, Spinach and Tomato, percentage removal of endosulfan was found to be higher with tomato. On Day 21, complete removal of pesticide (with an initial concentration of 140 μg/Kg endosulfan) occurred in the soil in which phytoremediation was done with tomato while spinach took about 28 days for complete removal of endosulfan. Microbial degradation offers an effective approach to remove toxicants from the environment. Microbial degradation of endosulfan was studied and Pseudomonas species was able to completely degrade endosulfan in 16 days. The technologies developed can be utilized for the complete removal of endosulfan from a contaminated area. The surfactant enhanced recovery and phytoremediation will help to decontaminate the polluted water and soil. The recovered endosulfan in the surfactants and plants can be subjected to biodegradation by bacterial species using a bio reactor.
Prevalence of diagnosed sleep apnea among patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care.

BACKGROUND Although up to 90% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the rate at which primary care providers diagnose OSA in patients with diabetes has not been assessed. METHODS A retrospective, population-based, multiclinic study was performed to determine the proportion of patients with T2DM managed in primary care clinics who were given a diagnosis of OSA and to identify factors associated with an OSA diagnosis. Electronic health records of adult patients with a diagnosis of T2DM were reviewed for a coexisting diagnosis of OSA, and the diagnostic prevalence of OSA was compared with the expected prevalence. RESULTS A total of 16,066 patients with diabetes with one or more primary care office visits in 27 primary care ambulatory practices during an 18-month period from 2009 to 2010 were identified. Analysis revealed that 18% of the study population received an OSA diagnosis, which is less than the 54% to 94% prevalence reported previously. The 23% prevalence of OSA among obese study patients was lower than the expected 87% prevalence. In a logistic model, male sex, BMI, several chronic conditions, and lower low-density lipoprotein levels and hemoglobin A1c identified patients more likely to carry an OSA diagnosis (likelihood ratio, χ(2) = 1,713; P < . 0001). CONCLUSIONS Primary care providers underdiagnose OSA in patients with T2DM. Obese men with comorbid chronic health conditions are more likely to receive a diagnosis of OSA. Efforts to improve awareness of the association of OSA with T2DM and to implement OSA screening tools should target primary care physicians.
Electron Acceleration in a Magnetotail Reconnection Outflow Region Using Magnetospheric MultiScale Data

We study Magnetospheric MultiScale observations in the outflow region of magnetotail reconnection. We estimate the power density converted via the three fundamental electron acceleration mechanisms: Fermi, betatron, and parallel electric fields. The dominant mechanism, both on average and the peak values, is Fermi acceleration with a peak power density of about +200 pW/m3. The magnetic field curvature during the most intense Fermi acceleration is comparable to the electron gyroradius, consistent with efficient electron scattering. The peak power densities due to the betatron acceleration are a factor of 3 lower than that for the Fermi acceleration, the average betatron acceleration is close to zero and slightly negative. The contribution from parallel electric fields is significantly smaller than those from the Fermi and betatron acceleration. However, the observational uncertainties in the parallel electric field measurement prevent further conclusions. There is a strong variation in the power density on a characteristic ion time scale.
Nonlinear Acceleration of Stochastic Algorithms

Extrapolation methods use the last few iterates of an optimization algorithm to produce a better estimate of the optimum. They were shown to achieve optimal convergence rates in a deterministic setting using simple gradient iterates. Here, we study extrapolation methods in a stochastic setting, where the iterates are produced by either a simple or an accelerated stochastic gradient algorithm. We first derive convergence bounds for arbitrary, potentially biased perturbations, then produce asymptotic bounds using the ratio between the variance of the noise and the accuracy of the current point. Finally, we apply this acceleration technique to stochastic algorithms such as SGD, SAGA, SVRG and Katyusha in different settings, and show significant performance gains.
Contemporaneous observations of the radio galaxy NGC 1275 from radio to very high energy γ-rays

Aims. The radio galaxy NGC1275, recently identified as a very high energy (VHE, >100GeV) -ray emitter by MAGIC, is one of the few non-blazar active galactic nuclei detected in the VHE regime. The purpose of this work is to better understand the origin of the -ray emission and locate it within the galaxy. Methods. We studied contemporaneous multi-frequency observations of NGC1275 and modeled the overall spectral energy distribution. We analyzed unpublished MAGIC observations carried out between October 2009 and February 2010, and the previously published observations taken between August 2010 and February 2011. We studied the multi-band variability and correlations by analyzing data of Fermi-LAT in the 100MeV–100GeV energy band, as well as Chandra (X-ray), KVA (optical), and MOJAVE (radio) data taken during the same period. Results. Using customized Monte Carlo simulations corresponding to early MAGIC stereoscopic data, we detect NGC1275 also in the earlier MAGIC campaign. The flux level and energy spectra are similar to the results of the second campaign. The monthly light curve above 100GeV shows a hint of variability at the 3.6� level. In the Fermi-LAT band, both flux and spectral shape variabilities are reported. The optical light curve is also variable and shows a clear correlation with the -ray flux above 100MeV. In radio, three compact components are resolved in the innermost part of the jet. One of these components shows a similar trend as the Fermi-LAT and KVA light curves. The -ray spectra measured simultaneously with MAGIC and Fermi-LAT from 100MeV to 650GeV can be well fitted either by a log-parabola or by a power-law with a sub-exponential cutoff for the two observation campaigns. A single-zone synchrotron-self-Compton model, with an electron spectrum following a power-law with an exponential cutoff, can explain the broadband spectral energy distribution and the multi-frequency behavior of the source. However, this model suggests an untypical low bulk-Lorentz factor or a velocity alignment closer to the line of sight than the pc-scale radio jet.
Four pedigrees of the cation‐leaky hereditary stomatocytosis class presenting with pseudohyperkalaemia. Novel profile of temperature dependence of Na+–K+ leak in a xerocytic form

We report four pedigrees of the group of Na+–K+‐leaky red cell disorders of the ‘hereditary stomatocytosis’ class. Each showed pseudohyperkalaemia because of temperature‐dependent loss of K+ from red cells on storage of whole blood at room temperature. All pedigrees showed an abnormality in the temperature dependence of the ‘passive leak’ of the membrane to K+. Two pedigrees, both of which showed a compensated haemolytic state with dehydrated red cells and target cells on the blood film, showed a novel pattern, in which the profile was flat between 37°C and about 32°C then dropped as the temperature was reduced to zero. The third showed the ‘shallow slope’ profile, with stomatocytes on the blood film and very markedly abnormal intracellular Na+ and K+ levels. Minimal haemolysis was present. The fourth pedigree, of Asian origin, showed the shoulder pattern (minimum at 32°C, maximum at 12°C) with essentially normal haematology. Both of these latter two forms have previously been seen in other pedigrees. The first variant represents a novel kind of temperature dependence of the passive leak found in these pedigrees presenting with pseudohyperkalaemia.
Herpes simplex virus infection can occur without involvement of the fibroblast growth factor receptor

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been reported to block uptake of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and plaque formation on arterial smooth muscle cells, suggesting a role for the bFGF receptor in HSV entry (R. J. Kaner, A. Baird, A. Mansukhani, C. Basilico, B. D. Summers, R. Z. Florkiewicz, and D. P. Hajjar, Science 248:1410-1413, 1990). We confirmed the effect of bFGF on infection of this cell type with HSV-1 and HSV-2 and found the same result with umbilical vein endothelial cells. However, bFGF does not inhibit plaque formation on any other cell type we tested. Furthermore, there is no correlation between the level of expression of the bFGF receptor and the effect of bFGF. HEp-2 and A431 cells express barely detectable levels of receptor, and yet they are fully permissive for HSV infection in a bFGF-insensitive manner. Thus, interaction of virus with the bFGF receptor is not required for infection of many cell types. In addition, infection of smooth muscle cells is not prevented by incubation of virus with an anti-bFGF antibody, arguing against the hypothesis that virion-associated bFGF acts as a bridge between virus and receptor (A. Baird, R. Z. Florkiewicz, P. A. Maher, R. J. Kaner, and D. P. Hajjar, Nature [London] 348:344-346, 1990).
Changes in Participation Level after Spouse’s First Stroke and Relationship to Burden and Depressive Symptoms

Background: No comprehensive data are available on the impact of stroke on the spouse’s participation level. The purpose of this study was to document changes in participation level over time and explore associations between changes in participation level, burden and depressive symptoms for spouses of people who had had a first stroke. Methods: Participants were spouses recruited in the first 2 weeks after admission of individuals with a first stroke to acute care. Prestroke measures (T0) were collected at recruitment, simultaneously with the first measure (T1); further measures were collected 6 months after the stroke event (T2). Participation level was measured with the LIFE-H, perceived burden with the Caregiver Strain Index and depressive symptoms using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: Mean age of participants (n = 54) was 69 years (SD 10.9) and the majority were female (75.9%). Changes in participation include small but significant increases at T1 for the nutrition (effect size, ES, 0.34) and responsibilities (ES 0.22) domains, and large significant persistent decreases at T2 compared to T0 were found for personal relationships (ES 0.83), employment (ES 0.63) and recreation (ES 0.93). Changes in these last three participation domains are associated with a higher Caregiver Strain Index score (p < 0.01) but not with the BDI. Conclusions: Participation domains mostly affected for spouses after stroke were personal relationships, employment and recreation which could be addressed by clinicians in their provision of support.
The influence of education and social class on the diagnosis of dementia in a community population

SYNOPSIS We have reported previously that poorly educated elderly people and those of low social class were at much increased risk of scoring below the customary cut-point on the Mini-Mental State Examination, a widely-used, brief cognitive screening test. As part of the same study, subjects who scored 23 or less on the MMSE out of a maximum of 30 points, and a sample of those who scored 24 or 25 points, were assessed by psychiatrists using a structured, diagnostic interview. Assuming that persons who scored 26 points or above were cognitively intact (our data suggest that 2% or less were not), neither educational attainment nor social class had any influence on the likelihood that subjects would be diagnosed as demented. Our data suggest that social and psychological factors contribute substantially to cognitive test scores and serve to emphasize the importance of detailed assessment procedures in epidemiological surveys of dementia.
De-Anonymization of Networks with Communities: When Quantifications Meet Algorithms

A crucial privacy-driven issue nowadays is re- identifying ano-nymized social networks by mapping them to correlated cross-domain auxiliary networks. Prior works are typically based on modeling social networks as random graphs representing users and their relations, and subsequently quantify the quality of mappings through cost functions that are proposed without sufficient rationale. Also, it remains unknown how to algorithmically meet the demand of such quantifications, i.e., to find the minimizer of the cost functions. We address those concerns in a more realistic social network modeling parameterized by community structures that can be leveraged as side information for de- anonymization. By Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) estimation, our first contribution is new and well justified cost functions, which, when minimized, enjoy superiority to previous ones in finding the correct mapping with the highest probability. The feasibility of the cost functions is then for the first time algorithmically characterized. While proving the general multiplicative inapproximability, we are able to propose two heuristics, which, respectively, enjoy an $\epsilon$- additive approximation and a conditional optimality in carrying out successful user re- identification. Our theoretical findings are empirically validated,with a notable dataset extracted from rare true cross-domain networks that reproduce genuine social network de-anonymization.
Updated pulsation models for anomalous Cepheids

A theoretical investigation of the pulsation behavior of so-named “anomalous” Cepheids is presented. The study is based on nonlinear convective pulsation models with $Z=0.0001$ and 0.0004, mass in the range 1.3-2.2 $M_{\odot}$ and various luminosity levels. Based on these computations, we derive periods, bolometric light curves and the edges of the instability strip, showing that a variation of the metal abundance from $Z=0.0001$ to 0.0004 has quite small effects on these quantities. Then, using bolometric corrections and color-temperature transformations, we are able to provide the predicted relations connecting pulsational properties (periods, amplitudes) with magnitudes and colors in the various photometric bands. The theoretical pulsational scenario is compared to observed anomalous Cepheids in dwarf spheroidal galaxies and, in particular, the predicted mass-dependent Period-Magnitude-Amplitude and Period-Magnitude-Color relations are used to estimate individual mass values, as well as to discriminate between fundamental (F) and first-overtone (FO) pulsators.
Essential Regulation of CNS Angiogenesis by the Orphan G Protein–Coupled Receptor GPR124

Plumbing in the Brain Superficial similarities of vasculature in different parts of the body may mask organ-specific developmental nuances. The vasculature of the brain uniquely has to insulate the organ from insults that the rest of the body must tolerate. Kuhnert et al. (p. 985) analyzed the developmental uniqueness of the brain's vasculature through study of a G protein–coupled receptor, GPR124, initially identified by its actions in the vasculature of colon cancer. GPR124 is also involved in normal development of the brain's vasculature. Mice expressing low levels of GPR124 did not develop adequate vasculature in the brain and died from hemorrhages. Mice with too much GPR124 developed a tangled, thin-walled, excessive vasculature in the brain. Although the overexpressing mice survived, they were prone to neurological symptoms such as ataxia. GPR124 seems to control the normal development of the endothelial cells, particularly in the forebrain and ventral neural tube. A factor is identified that determines the amount of vasculature in the brain, and, in doing so, affects brain function. The orphan G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) GPR124/tumor endothelial marker 5 is highly expressed in central nervous system (CNS) endothelium. Here, we show that complete null or endothelial-specific GPR124 deletion resulted in embryonic lethality from CNS-specific angiogenesis arrest in forebrain and neural tube. Conversely, GPR124 overexpression throughout all adult vascular beds produced CNS-specific hyperproliferative vascular malformations. In vivo, GPR124 functioned cell-autonomously in endothelium to regulate sprouting, migration, and developmental expression of the blood-brain barrier marker Glut1, whereas in vitro, GPR124 mediated Cdc42-dependent directional migration to forebrain-derived, vascular endothelial growth factor–independent cues. Our results demonstrate CNS-specific angiogenesis regulation by an endothelial receptor and illuminate functions of the poorly understood adhesion GPCR subfamily. Further, the functional tropism of GPR124 marks this receptor as a therapeutic target for CNS-related vascular pathologies.