Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
L G ] 2 8 M ay 2 01 9 Gradient Descent Finds Global Minima of Deep Neural Networks

Gradient descent finds a global minimum in training deep neural networks despite the objective function being non-convex. The current paper proves gradient descent achieves zero training loss in polynomial time for a deep overparameterized neural network with residual connections (ResNet). Our analysis relies on the particular structure of the Gram matrix induced by the neural network architecture. This structure allows us to show the Gram matrix is stable throughout the training process and this stability implies the global optimality of the gradient descent algorithm. We further extend our analysis to deep residual convolutional neural networks and obtain a similar convergence result.
Agglomeration Processes in Ageing Societies

This article investigates agglomeration processes in ageing societies by introducing an overlapping generation structure into a New Economic Geography model. Whether higher economic integration leads to spatial concentration of economic activity crucially hinges on the economies' demographic properties. While population aging as represented by declining birth rates strengthens agglomeration processes, declining mortality rates weaken them. This is due to the fact that we allow for nonconstant population size. In particular, we show that population growth acts as an important dispersion force that augments the distributional effects on agglomeration processes resulting from the turnover of generations. JEL classification: R12, J10, F15, C61
Transformation Properties under the Operations of the Molecular Symmetry Groups G36 and G36(EM) of Ethane H3CCH3

In the present work, we report a detailed description of the symmetry propertiesof the eight-atomic molecule ethane, with the aim of facilitating the variational calculations ofrotation-vibration spectra of ethane and related molecules. Ethane consists of two methyl groupsCH3 where the internal rotation (torsion) of one CH3 group relative to the other is of large amplitudeand involves tunnelling between multiple minima of the potential energy function. The molecularsymmetry group of ethane is the 36-element group G36, but the construction of symmetrised basisfunctions is most conveniently done in terms of the 72-element extended molecular symmetrygroup G36(EM). This group can subsequently be used in the construction of block-diagonal matrixrepresentations of the ro-vibrational Hamiltonian for ethane. The derived transformation matricesassociated with G36(EM) have been implemented in the variational nuclear motion program TROVE(Theoretical ROVibrational Energies). TROVE variational calculations are used as a practical exampleof a G36(EM) symmetry adaptation for large systems with a non-rigid, torsional degree of freedom.We present the derivation of irreducible transformation matrices for all 36 (72) operations of G36(M)(G36(EM)) and also describe algorithms for a numerical construction of these matrices based on aset of four (five) generators. The methodology presented is illustrated on the construction of thesymmetry-adapted representations both of the potential energy function of ethane and of the rotation,torsion and vibration basis set functions.
A case of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy – not only a right ventricular disease

Contact address: Assoc. Prof. Ruxandra Jurcut, MD, PhD “Prof. Dr. C.C. Iliescu” Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases Fundeni Street, no. 258, sector 2, 022328, Bucharest, Romania. E-mail: rjurcut@gmail.com 1 “Prof. Dr. C.C. Iliescu” Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Bucharest, Romania 2 Department of Radiology, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania 3 “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania Abstract: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD), with the more appropriate label of ‘arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy’ (AC), is still considered a rare pathological entity. It is an inheritable heart muscle disease with a powerful negative impact on the survival and the quality of life of patients, primarily through malignant arrhythmias or, more rarely, the development of heart failure. We present the case of a man who was diagnosed with AC at the age of 32 years following a detailed cardiac evaluation prompted by an incidental fi nding of anabnormal ECG tracing (negative T waves from V1 through V3). Both the echocardiography and the cardiac MRI performed at that time revealed predominantly the involvement of the LV, with none or minor structural and functional RV defects. After 4 years, the disease progressed and now we are facing biventricular involvement, with moderate systolic dysfunction of the LV and RV, yet the patient remains asymptomatic. A series of steps including multimodality imaging techniques, various tests, family history and other aspects are needed in order to correctly stratify the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) which will ultimately translate into an appropriate therapeutic choice.
Conselho Nacional de Revisores

Keloids and hypertrophic scars result from abnormal wound healing with excessive growth of fibrous tissue. Despite the high incidence in the population, the high rates of relapse and the significant psychosocial impairment, treatment remains a challenge for dermatologists. The objective of this study was to review literature on clinical, etiological and therapeutical aspects of keloids and hypertrophic scars, emphasizing its therapy with bleomycin, demonstrating its effective and safe use. The search was conducted in Scopus and MEDLINE databases, for the period from 1995 to 2016, using the key words: queloide/ keloid; cicatriz hipertrófica/cicatrix, hypertrophic; and bleomicina/bleomycin.
A Critical Review on the Impact Factors of BIM Application

Building Information Modeling (BIM) as a burgeoning information technology has brought about lots of benefits to Architecture Engineering Construction (AEC) industry. Even though BIM has been developing rapidly, BIM applications have been much slower than anticipated. On the basis of extensive literature, this paper divides the factors affecting the BIM acceptance and implementation into two categories: technical and non-technical issues. This paper focuses on listing and introducing the specific impact factors corresponding to each category, and tries to build up one BIM user acceptance model by applying Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and relevant theories on the premise of the feasibility of the research ideas demonstrated. Through this model, the impact factors and degrees of influence can be tested and modified.
SECURITY OF DATA AND PROCESSING IN CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud computing is attracting huge attention from both the academic and commercial fields thanks to its provision of vast amounts of shared computing resources for Internet users. However, moving private or sensitive data and their related processing into clouds while offering data owners no physical and only limited digital control raises serious concerns about data security. Thus, this research work aims to develop a new cryptographic framework to secure data and related processing in the cloud so as to enable users to enjoy the tremendous benefits of cloud computing while ensuring their data remains protected.
Network Based Approaches for Clustering and Location Decisions

Network Based Approaches for Clustering and Location Decisions. (August 2012) Anurag Verma, B.Tech., IIT Madras; M.E. , Texas A&M University Co-Chairs of Advisory Committee: Dr. Sergiy Butenko Dr. Gary M. Gaukler The objective of this dissertation is to study commonly occurring location and clustering problems on graphs. The dissertation is presented as a collection of results in topics including finding maximum cliques in large graphs, graph clustering in large scale graphs, determining location of facilities for pre-positioning emergency relief supplies, and selecting nodes to form a virtual backbone in a wireless sensor network. To begin with, a new clique relaxation called a k-community is defined as a connected subgraph such that endpoints of every edge have at least k common neighbors within the subgraph. It is used to develop scale reduction techniques to obtain the maximum clique on very large scale real life networks. Analytically, the technique is been shown to be very effective on power-law random graphs. Experimental results on real life graph instances (Collaboration networks, P2P networks, Social networks, etc) show our procedure to be much more effective than a regular k-core peeling approach. Next, a general purpose network clustering algorithm based on the clique relaxation concept of k-community is presented. A salient feature of this approach is that it does not use any prior information about the structure of the network. By defining a cluster as a k-community, the proposed algorithm aims to provide a clustering of a network into k-communities with varying values of k. Even though the algorithm is not designed to optimize any particular performance measure, the computational results suggest that it performs well on a number of criteria that are used in literature to evaluate the quality of a clustering.
Seismic vulnerability of multi-span bridges: An analytical perspective

: Although the seismic vulnerability of bridges is significantly reduced with the advancement of design philosophies, the susceptibility of damage to the existing bridge stock is of great concern to the earthquake research community. Fragility curves are powerful tools used in the seismic risk assessment of bridges. This study presents the fragility curves for multi-span bridges accounting for the uncertainties in the structural and material attributes. Nonlinear time history analysis is conducted using three dimensional finite element bridge models developed in the OpenSees platform containing realistic representations of bridge components including columns, super structure, bearings, abutments, and pounding (impact) behavior. The probabilistic seismic demand model computed from the time history analysis is convolved with component limit states to generate fragility curves. The current study also compares the fragility curves generated by the classical approach with the surrogate modeling or parameterized approach. The coefficients suggested by the parameterized approach in this study can be used to generate bridge specific fragility curves. The study also investigates the influence of seismic detailing on multi-span bridges.
Correlation between malondialdehyde and metanephrine in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common diseases , so in this study the serum level of malondialdehyde and its relationship with metanephrine was investigated in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients over one month of treatment. Some biochemical parameters (serum glucose , total serum protein , malondialdehyde ,vitamin C, and metanephrine) changed as well as white blood cell count and blood hemoglobinlevelswere analyzed in sixty patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia over one month of treatment compared to healthy control group. Statistically significant increases (p<0.01) in white blood cell (WBC) count, mean concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) (p< 0.05) and metanephrine (p< 0.001) were observed in contrast significant decreases in blood hemoglobin (p<0.001) ,random blood glucose (p<0.01) and total serum protein (p<0.01) were determined in ALL patients group than that control group. Meanwhile the results showed a positive correlation (p˂0.001)between metanephrine and MDA in ALL patients in comparison to control. The results in the present study indicate a possible link between increased metanephrine levels of cells alterations due to oxidative damage.
SELF-ESTEEM , OUT-GROUP DEROGATION , AND COLLECTIVE NARCISSISM 2

According to social identity theory, low self-esteem motivates group members to derogate out-groups, thus achieving positive in-group distinctiveness and boosting selfesteem. According to the Frankfurt School and status politics theorists, low self-esteem motivates collective narcissism (i.e., resentment for insufficient external recognition of the ingroup’s importance), which predicts out-group derogation. Empirical support for these propositions has been weak. We revisit them addressing whether (1) low self-esteem predicts out-group derogation via collective narcissism, and (2) this indirect relationship is only observed after partialling out the positive overlap between collective narcissism and in-group satisfaction (i.e., belief that the in-group is of high value and a reason to be proud). Results based on cross-sectional (Study 1, N = 427) and longitudinal (Study 2, N = 853) designs indicated that self-esteem is uniquely, negatively linked to collective narcissism and uniquely, positively linked to in-group satisfaction. Results based on cross-sectional (Study 3, N = 506; Study 4, N = 1059; Study 5, N = 471), longitudinal (Study 6, N = 410), and experimental (Study 7, N = 253) designs corroborated these inferences. Further, they revealed that the positive overlap between collective narcissism and in-group satisfaction obscures the link between self-esteem and out-group derogation.
Advances in Economics and Econometrics: Multi-Contracting Mechanism Design

Multi-contracting practices prevail in many organizations be they public (governments) or private (markets). This article surveys the literature on common agency, a major example of such multi-contracting settings. I first highlight some specific features of common agency games that distinguish them from centralized contracting. Then, I review the tools needed to describe allocations which are implementable as common agency equilibria. Economic examples are used to characterize equilibria under both complete and asymmetric information. Particular focus is put on the multiplicity problem and the (interim) eciency properties of those equilibria. The comparison of those equilibria with the outcomes achieved under centralized contracting allows us to assess the transaction costs of multi-contracting. I also argue that, in some specific contexts, common agency may implement the optimal outcome that would be achieved under centralized contracting if collusion between agents were an issue. More generally, common agency might outperform centralized contracting when either collusion or limited commitment matters.
Informal Institutions and EU Accession : Corruption and Clientelism in Central and Eastern Europe 12

Scholars such as O’Donnell include rule of law among the key dimensions in the study of foundations of democracy and the implicit preconditions for democracy. Informal institutions among which we include corruption and clientelism establish main obstacle in establishing the rule of law thus fully and firmly establishing democracy in transition countries. In the Central and Eastern Europe, the most important factor accelerating the changes in the rule of law, initiated in the transition, was the EU accession process – EU together with other international organizations fostered major changes in the judiciary sector concentrating mainly on the reforms in judiciary sector and ́various anticorruption. However, the EU conditionality, as well as the leverage varied across the region, depending on contextual factors such as 1) cultural heritage; 2) institutional factors such as institutional set-up especially the functioning of the checks and balances system; and 3) actors – constellation as well as willingness of actors to implement proposed changes. The proposed paper seeks to fill the gap in existing research by 1) analyzing the interplay between rule of law and compliance in the CEE region in the context of EU accession process; 2) identifying key reform measures taken against corruption and clientelism in the CEE accession process and 3) outline the factors that played crucial role in this process and affect the quality of the rule of law in the CEE region. 1 This paper is produced as a part of the research project "Rule of Law and Informal Institutions: Central Europe and Latin America in Comparative Perspective" coordinated at the University of Wurzburg and financially supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) 2 ́The authors would like to thank Dr. Tatjana Evas of the Jean Monnet Centre for European Studies at the Bremen University for her valuable insights on the legal aspects and her help in finalizing this paper, and to the colleagues Dr. Peter Thiery and Dr. Wolfgang Muno for their comments, and to all members of the DFG project for our discussions, which helped to shape this paper in the most significant way. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Joint Workshop of CIDE DEP and Würzburg University “Rule of Law and Informal Institutions”, Mexico City 11.3. 2011 the authors would like to thank the discussants Lenka Bustikova and Prof. Andreas Schedler for their insightful critical assessment and the participants of the workshop for their questions. 3 Contact: Dr. Petra Guasti petraguasti@gmail.com and Dr. Bojan Dobovšek bojan.dobovsek@fvv.unimb. si
How to validate satellite-derived gravity observations with gravimeters at the ground ?

There is a major international effort in the present decade to measure variations in the Earth’s global gravity field using low orbit satellites. The first satellite CHAMP (Challenging Minisatellite Payload) was launched in 2000 and was followed two years later by GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment). In the near future, there will be a third mission called GOCE (Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer) that will orbit even closer to the ground and hence be even more sensitive to smaller scale gravity changes. The primary goal of these missions is to use the temporal changes of the Earth’s gravity field to infer changes in regional and continental water storage, and ocean circulation (see Tapley et al. 2004; Wahr et al. 2004; Svenson et al. 2003). In addition to satellite-derived gravity observations there is since 1997 a ground network of about 20 superconducting gravimeters (SG) within the frame of the GGP (Global Geodynamics Project). These instruments are able to study time variations in surface gravity over a very wide spectrum ranging from second to several year periods (see e.g. Hinderer & Crossley 2004).
Stability analysis of periodic solutions in PWM feedback control systems with power converters by the second method of Lyapunov

The problem of asymptotic stability analysis of periodic solutions in pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) feedback control systems incorporating forced commutated power converters, is considered. As an example, the stability analysis of periodic solutions in PWM DC voltage regulators is investigated, and the regions of asymptotic stability of the periodic solution on the planes of certain regulator parameters are estimated. The approach used is based on the first and the second Lyapunov methods. The results obtained can be effective when used for the qualitative analysis and design of PWM feedback control systems incorporating forced commutated converters. <<ETX>>
Is digit ratio (2D:4D) associated with the choice for the uniformed versus a civil study course by the Polish youth?

Abstract The 2nd to 4th digit ratio (2D:4D) is a sexually dimorphic trait determined by the relative balance of prenatal testosterone (T) and oestrogen during the intrauterine development of foetus. Males on average have relatively lower 2D:4D than women in population. Lower 2D:4D is very often linked with greater physical ability, strength, superior sporting performance and many personality traits and behaviours which are seen more among the males. Recently, lower 2D:4D were associated with military and police services among the Polish women. The objectives of this study were to examine whether 2D:4D differed between the students of a study course for future military service and a civil study course and whether sex difference in this ratio is present in both these groups. The cross sectional study included 50 boys and 42 girls enrolled in the uniformed course and other 56 boys and 50 girls of a general course in an upper-secondary School. The lengths of the second (2D) and fourth fingers (4D) of each hand were measured to have the 2D:4D ratio. Height and weight were also recorded. Overall, as well as among the civil course students, males showed significantly lower mean 2D:4D compared to the females. But there was no significant sex difference in digit ratio among the uniformed course students. Besides, the females under uniformed course showed lower 2D:4D than the females in civil course, whereas, the male uniformed students had similar or almost same 2D:4D values with the male civil course students. Increased prenatal testosterone exposure might have a role in determining the choice towards a challenging future occupation and such effect is perhaps more pronounced in women than in males.
Imperial / TP / 2019 / JG / 01 Toric geometry and the dual of I-extremization

We consider d = 3, N = 2 gauge theories arising on membranes sitting at the apex of an arbitrary toric Calabi-Yau 4-fold cone singularity that are then further compactified on a Riemann surface, Σg, with a topological twist that preserves two supersymmetries. If the theories flow to a superconformal quantum mechanics in the infrared, then they have a D = 11 supergravity dual of the form AdS2 × Y9, with electric four-form flux and where Y9 is topologically a fibration of a Sasakian Y7 over Σg. These D = 11 solutions are also expected to arise as the near horizon limit of magnetically charged black holes in AdS4 × Y7, with a Sasaki-Einstein metric on Y7. We show that an off-shell entropy function for the dual AdS2 solutions may be computed using the toric data and Kähler class parameters of the Calabi-Yau 4-fold, that are encoded in a master volume, as well as a set of integers that determine the fibration of Y7 over Σg and a Kähler class parameter for Σg. We also discuss the class of supersymmetric AdS3 × Y7 solutions of type IIB supergravity with five-form flux only in the case that Y7 is toric, and show how the off-shell central charge of the dual field theory can be obtained from the toric data. We illustrate with several examples, finding agreement both with explicit supergravity solutions as well as with some known field theory results concerning I-extremization. †On leave at the Galileo Galilei Institute, Largo Enrico Fermi, 2, 50125 Firenze, Italy. ar X iv :1 90 4. 04 28 2v 2 [ he pth ] 2 7 Ju n 20 19
Research on the Relation between College Students' Psychological Capital, Entrepreneurial Intention and Entrepreneurial Ability--Based on theempirical analysis of the Chinese college students

Taking the college students as the angle of view, the study constructs a theoretical model of the relationship among psychological capital, entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial ability. The research carried on an empirical analysis of survey data from college students in Hunan, Shanxi and Zhejiang three provinces in China on the theoretical model. Results indicate three conclusions: two dimensions of psychological capital, self-efficacy and optimism, have significant positive influence on entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial ability; toughness dimension of psychological capital have significant positive influence on entrepreneurial intention and opportunity recognition capability; but the hope dimension of psychological capital has no significant influence on entrepreneurial intention and ability. Conclusions of the research can help to optimize the entrepreneurial education reform in colleges in China.