Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Shenandoah: An open-source concurrent compacting garbage collector for OpenJDK

Shenandoah is an open-source region-based low-pause parallel and concurrent garbage collection (GC) algorithm targeting large heap applications. Snapshot At the Beginning Concurrent Marking and Brooks-style indirection pointer concurrent compaction enable significantly shorter GC pauses with durations that are independent of the application's live data size. Our implementation of Shenandoah in OpenJDK allows us to do comparison testing with mature production quality GC algorithms. Modern machines have more memory and more processors than ever before. Service Level Agreement (SLA) applications guarantee response times of 10-500ms. In order to meet the lower end of that goal we need garbage collection algorithms which are efficient enough to allow programs to run in the available memory, but also optimized to never interrupt the running program for more than a handful of milliseconds. Shenandoah is an open-source low-pause time collector for OpenJDK designed to move closer to those goals.
Incorporation of noncoded amino acids into the N‐terminal domain 1‐47 of hirudin yields a highly potent and selective thrombin inhibitor

Hirudin is an anticoagulant polypeptide isolated from a medicinal leech that inhibits thrombin with extraordinary potency (Kd = 0.2‐1.0 pM) and selectivity. Hirudin is composed of a compact N‐terminal region (residues 1‐47, cross‐linked by three disulfide bridges) that binds to the active site of thrombin, and a flexible C‐terminal tail (residues 48‐64) that interacts with the exosite I of the enzyme. To minimize the sequence of hirudin able to bind thrombin and also to improve its therapeutic profile, several N‐terminal fragments have been prepared as potential anti‐coagulants. However, the practical use of these fragments has been impaired by their relatively poor affinity for the enzyme, as given by the increased value of the dissociation constant (Kd) of the corresponding thrombin complexes (Kd = 30‐400 nM). The aim of the present study is to obtain a derivative of the N‐terminal domain 1‐47 of hirudin displaying enhanced inhibitory potency for thrombin compared to the natural product. In this view, we have synthesized an analogue of fragment 1‐47 of hirudin HM2 in which Val1 has been replaced by tert‐butylglycine, Ser2 by Arg, and Tyr3 by β‐naphthylalanine, to give the BugArgNal analogue. The results of chemical and conformational characterization indicate that the synthetic peptide is able to fold efficiently with the correct disulfide topology (Cys6–Cys14, Cys16–Cys28, Cys22–Cys37), while retaining the conformational properties of the natural fragment. Thrombin inhibition data indicate that the effects of amino acid replacements are perfectly additive if compared to the singly substituted analogues (De Filippis V, Quarzago D, Vindigni A, Di Cera E, Fontana A, 1998, Biochemistry 37:13507‐13515), yielding a molecule that inhibits the fast or slow form of thrombin by 2,670‐ and 6,818‐fold more effectively than the natural fragment, and that binds exclusively at the active site of the enzyme with an affinity (Kd,fast = 15.4 pM, Kd,slow = 220 pM) comparable to that of full‐length hirudin (Kd,fast = 0.2 pM, Kd,slow = 5.5 pM). Moreover, BugArgNal displays absolute selectivity for thrombin over the other physiologically important serine proteases trypsin, plasmin, factor Xa, and tissue plasminogen activator, up to the highest concentration of inhibitor tested (10 μM).
Learning Fine-grained Relations from Chinese User Generated Categories

User generated categories (UGCs) are short texts that reflect how people describe and organize entities, expressing rich semantic relations implicitly. While most methods on UGC relation extraction are based on pattern matching in English circumstances, learning relations from Chinese UGCs poses different challenges due to the flexibility of expressions. In this paper, we present a weakly supervised learning framework to harvest relations from Chinese UGCs. We identify is-a relations via word embedding based projection and inference, extract non-taxonomic relations and their category patterns by graph mining. We conduct experiments on Chinese Wikipedia and achieve high accuracy, outperforming state-of-the-art methods.
Zinc-Oxide Thin-Film Transistor With Self-Aligned Source/Drain Regions Doped With Implanted Boron for Enhanced Thermal Stability

Because of the rapid diffusion of hydrogen in zinc oxide even at a relatively low temperature, zinc-oxide-based thin-film transistors (TFTs) with hydrogen-doped source/drain regions suffer from degraded thermal stability. The use of boron, which is a heavier and a more slowly diffusing dopant, is systematically investigated as a replacement of hydrogen. Its effectiveness as a dopant has been studied in terms of a range of process conditions, including its implantation dosage and the subsequent heat treatment temperature, time, and ambience. The lowest resistivity of 2 mΩ-cm has been obtained at a boron dose of 1016/cm2. Self-aligned top-gated zinc-oxide TFTs with source/drain regions doped with implanted boron are shown to be more stable than those doped with hydrogen, even when subjected to the relatively high temperature needed for the formation of a good-quality passivation layer.
Transcription Termination Factor Rho Prefers Catalytically Active Elongation Complexes for Releasing RNA*

RNA polymerase pauses at different DNA sequences during transcription elongation, and this pausing is associated with distinct conformational state(s) of the elongation complex (EC). Transcription termination by the termination factor Rho, an RNA-dependent molecular motor, requires pausing of the EC in the termination zone of Rho-dependent terminators. We hypothesized that the conformational state(s) of the EC associated with this pausing would influence the action of Rho. Analyses of the pausing behavior of the EC at the termination points of two well known Rho-dependent terminators revealed that Rho prefers actively transcribing complexes for termination. RNA release kinetics from stalled ECs showed that the rate of RNA release by Rho was reduced if the EC was irreversibly backtracked, if its RNA exit channel was modified by an RNA hairpin, or the bridge helix/trigger loop movement in its active site was perturbed. These defects were overcome significantly by enhancing the rate of ATP hydrolysis either by increasing the concentration of ATP or by using a Rho mutant with higher ATPase activity. We propose that the force generated from ATP hydrolysis of Rho is the key factor in dislodging the EC through its molecular motor action, and this process is facilitated when the EC is in a catalytically competent state, undergoing rapid “Brownian ratchet” motion.
Incomplete Synapsis and Chiasma Localization: The Chicken or the Egg?

In the present study, and as a sincere tribute from the Cytogenetics teams from Madrid to Professor Máximo Drets on his 80th birthday, we have analyzed and compared 3 different grasshopper species with different synaptic patterns, a standard pattern, a second pattern with synapsis restricted to the proximal regions, and a third pattern with synapsis restricted to the distal regions. In the 3 species we have thoroughly analyzed the relationships among cohesin axis morphogenesis, formation of double strand breaks (DSBs) and recombination initiation. Our results demonstrate that in every case recombination initiation precedes synapsis, and that there is a direct relationship between the absence of meiotic recombination and the existence of particular unsynapsed chromosomal regions during prophase I. Based on our results we propose and discuss the mechanisms underlying the existence of incomplete synapsis and the localization of chiasma in wild species.
Effects of involuntary eye movements on visual acuity.

This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of involuntary eye movements on visual acuity. Three types of acuity target—vernier, fine line, and grating—were observed for varying exposure durations under two viewing conditions. One was the “stabilized image” condition where a mirror on the eye was used to reflect the target beam in such a way as to stop the motion of the retinal image that would otherwise accompany the eye movements. The other viewing condition was optically the same except that the eye movements produced normal motions of the retinal image. Acuity was defined in terms of a minimum angle of resolution, i.e., the threshold value of the angle subtended by the critical dimension of the target. Acuity was found to improve with increasing exposure time up to about 0.2 sec under both viewing conditions. The main conclusion is that acuity is neither enhanced nor impaired by the involuntary eye movements that are present during the inspection of a test object.
Analysis of organic components in resin‐modified pulp capping materials: critical considerations

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the organic composition and eluates of three resin-based pulp-capping materials in relation to their indications and safety data sheets. Uncured samples of Theracal LC, Ultra-Blend Plus, and Calcimol LC were investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Identification/quantification of 7-d leachables of cured samples was performed using GC-MS for 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), camphorquinone (CQ), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), ethyl-4-(dimethylamino)benzoate (DMABEE), and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA). A similar organic composition was found for Ultra-Blend and Calcimol; however, only Ultra-Blend is indicated for direct pulp-capping. In contrast to the other materials analysed, Theracal contained substances of high molecular weight. The safety data sheets of all materials were incomplete. We detected HEMA, CQ, and TEGDMA in eluates from Ultra-Blend and Calcimol, and it was considered that HEMA might have originated from decomposition of diurethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) in the GC-injector. For Theracal, additives associated with light curing (DMABEE and CQ) were detected in higher amounts (4.11 and 19.95 μg mm-2 ) than in the other materials. Pores were quantified in all samples by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis, which could influence leaching. The organic substances in the investigated materials might affect their clinical suitability as capping agents, especially for direct capping procedures.
SLC6A4 variation and citalopram response

The influence of genetic variations in SLC6A4 (serotonin transporter gene) on citalopram treatment of depression using the Sequenced Treatment to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) sample was assessed. Of primary interest were three previously studied polymorphisms: 1) the VNTR variation of the second intron, 2) the indel promoter polymorphism (5HTTLPR or SERT), and 3) a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs25531. Additionally, SLC6A4 was resequenced to identify new SNPs for exploratory analyses. DNA from 1914 subjects in the STAR*D study were genotyped for the intron 2 VNTR region, the indel promoter polymorphism, and rs25531. Associations of these variants with remission of depressive symptoms were evaluated following citalopram treatment. In white non‐Hispanic subjects, variations in the intron 2 VNTR (point‐wise P = 0.041) and the indel promoter polymorphism (point‐wise P = 0.039) were associated with remission following treatment with citalopram. The haplotype composed of the three candidate loci was also associated with remission, with a global p‐value of 0.040 and a maximum statistic simulation p‐value of 0.0031 for the S‐a‐12 haplotype, under a dominant model. One SNP identified through re‐sequencing the SLC6A4 gene, Intron7‐83‐TC, showed point‐wise evidence of association, which did not remain significant after correction for the number of SNPs evaluated in this exploratory analysis. No associations between these SLC6A4 variations and remission were found in the white Hispanic or black subjects. These findings suggest that multiple variations in the SLC6A4 gene are associated with remission in white non‐Hispanic depressed adults treated with citalopram. The mechanism of action of these variants remains to be determined. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of breast sonography in imaging of adolescents with palpable solid breast masses.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the role of sonography in the diagnosis and management of palpable solid breast masses in adolescents and to correlate the sonographic findings with the histopathologic findings and clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was conducted with the breast sonograms of 20 adolescent girls 13-19 years old who presented with palpable breast masses found to be solid at breast sonography. The Stavros sonographic criteria were used to assess the benignity or malignancy of solid breast masses. All sonographic findings were correlated with histopathologic or clinical follow-up findings. RESULTS Sonography showed 21 solid masses in 20 patients (one patient had bilateral solid breast masses). All but six solid masses were presumed benign according to the Stavros sonographic criteria. All solid masses were proved benign at histopathologic or clinical follow-up examination. CONCLUSION Sonography was not useful for predicting the histologic diagnosis of all solid benign breast masses in adolescent patients. The Stavros sonographic criteria, however, were useful for predicting benignity in 65% of the breast masses on which histopathologic examination was performed. Tissue biopsy may be performed on solid breast masses that do not meet the criteria for benign masses according to the Stavros sonographic criteria.
Some Gorānī lyric verse

Since its début in 1881, when Charles Rieu's brief but masterly grammatical sketch appeared, the Gorānī koinĒ has become one of the Cinderellas of Iranian studies, literary and linguistic. Apart from a notice by E. B. Soane, of which more below, its only real outing has been in Professor Minorsky's compendious article on ‘The Gūrān’, containing an illustrated survey of all the epic, lyric, and religious verse then known in Gorānī. The surviving manuscripts acquired by Professor Minorsky he has since donated to the Leningrad branch of the Oriental Institute (Institut Narodov Azii AN), where they remain unpublished.
Temperature and Strain Independent Modal Interferometric Torsion Sensor Using Photonic Crystal Fiber

An all-fiber modal interferometric torsion sensor based on simple splicing configuration is presented wherein a photonic crystal fiber is spliced in between multimode fiber and single mode fiber. Appreciable torsion sensitivity of ~79.83 pm/° is obtained in the long dynamic range of 180°. It is also found that there is no effect of strain and temperature on torsion sensitivity in the range of 0-4500 με and 30-200°C, respectively, leading to zero cross-sensitivity of torsion with strain and temperature.
Electricity Generation and Biofilm Formation in Microbial Fuel Cells Using Plate Anodes Constructed from Various Grades of Graphite

Construction materials as well as the electrode configuration are major factors affecting electricity generation in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Three graphite plateelectrodes(HK06,G347andPOCO3)withdifferentcharacteristics(specificresistance,grainsizeandspecificgravity)wereusedtoevaluateelectricity generation and biofilm formation in MFCs. The electrodes were assessed by operating duplicate MFCs under the same conditions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry were used to evaluate the performance of the electrodes. The data indicated the grade of electrode played a critical role in the MFCs performance. Higher power density was observed for the graphite electrode designated as POCO3. The trend for increasing electricity generation was as follows: POCO3 > G347 > HK06. Distinct microbial populations were detected in the biofilm community when comparing the different electrodes. Selecting electrodes for optimum electricity generation is important in the development of laboratory scale and full-scale MFCs.
Effect of the cross-phase modulation on WDM optical systems: analysis of fiber propagation

In wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical systems, cross-phase modulation induced by Kerr effect gives rise to nonlinear phase modulation of each channel, which depends on the overall power in all the other channels. In this letter, the fiber propagation of WDM optical signals affected by cross-phase modulation is analyzed. In particular, the effect due to fiber chromatic dispersion is evaluated after that cross-phase modulation has arisen and stabilized.
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF TWO WEED SPECIES, ABUTILON THEOPHRASTI MED. AND DATURA STRAMONIUM L. ON GERMINATION AND EARLY GROWTH OF CORN

U cilju smanjenja primjene kemijskih sredstva za zastitu bilja novija istraživanja znanstvenika, sve vise su usmjerena na razlicite alternativne „ nekemijske“ mjere borbe protiv stetocinja. Od njih se traži da budu približno ucinkovite kao kemijske mjere, a da manje stete okolisu. Alelokemijske sposobnosti biljaka uocene su vec u 3 st. prije nove ere ali su se tek u 20 st. pocele intenzivno proucavati. Cilj ovog rada bio je prouciti alelokemijske sposobnosti dviju korovnih pridoslica u Republiku Hrvatsku, mracnjaka - Abutilon theophrasti Med. (ABUTH) i kužnjaka - Datura stramonium L. (DATST). U tu svrhu postavljena su dva pokusa kojima se ispitivao alelopatski utjecaj biljne mase ekstrakta nadzemnog i podzemnog dijela mracnjaka kao i vodenog ekstrakta nadzemnih dijelova kužnjaka na pocetni rast i razvoj kukuruza (Zea mays L.). Ocjena alelopatskog utjecaja utvrđena je mjerenjem ukupnog postotka klijavosti, duljine korijenka i klice kukuruza. Istraživanjima je dokazan izrazit inhibirajuci ucinak korovne vrste Abutilon theophrasti Med. na duljinu korijenka, klice kao i na ukupnu klijavost zrna kukuruza. Korovna vrsta Datura stramonium L. imala je suprotan, odnosno stimulirajuci ucinak na duljinu korijenka kukuruza. Primjenom ekstrakta iz nadzemnih dijelova obje istraživane korovne vrste smanjena je ukupna klijavost zrna kukuruza mjerena tri, sest i 10 dana nakon tretiranja. Provedenim pokusima dokazane su, inhibirajuce i stimulirajuce alelopatske interakcije između dviju istraživanih korovnih vrsta i kukuruza.
Detection of differentiation‐ and activation‐linked cell surface antigens on cultured mast cell progenitors

Background: Mast cells (MC) are multifunctional effector cells of the immune system. They derive from uncommitted CD34+ hemopoietic progenitor cells (HPC). Depending on the stage of maturation and the environment, MC variably express differentiation‐ and activation‐linked antigens. Little is known, however, about the regulation of expression of such antigens in immature human MC.
Verification of the Simultaneous Local Extraction Method of Base and Thermal Resistance of Bipolar Transistors

—In this paper an extensive veriﬁcation of the extraction method (published earlier) that consistently accounts for self-heating and Early effect to accurately extract both base and thermal resistance of bipolar junction transistors is presented. The method veriﬁcation is demonstrated on advanced RF SiGe HBTs were the extracted results for the thermal resistance are compared with those from another published method that ignores the effect of Early effect on internal base-emitter voltage and the extracted results of the base resistance are compared with those determined from noise measurements. A self-consistency of our method in the extracted base resistance and thermal resistance using compact model simulation results is also carried out in order to study the level of accuracy of the method.
Predictive Factors in Identifying Subspecialty Fellowship Applicants Who Will Have Academic Practices

Background: The challenge of subspecialty fellowship directors is to recruit surgeons who are motivated to continue the tradition of teaching by entering academic medicine. The authors looked for predictive factors to help with more accurate selection of applicants. Methods: Application and follow-up data from plastic surgery subspecialty fellows in craniofacial surgery, hand surgery, and microsurgery from the University of California, Los Angeles were reviewed for the years 1987 through 2002 (n = 62). Fellows were divided into three groups as follows: group 1, full-time academic; group 2, part-time clinical faculty; and group 3, private practice at 1 year and 5 years after fellowship. Common factors of fellows within the three groups were listed. Results: Although a majority of applicants (95 percent) indicated an aspiration to practice academic medicine, only one-third remained in full-time academics 5 years after their subspecialty training. There was a trend toward leaving academic practice: the rates at 1 year were 74 percent for group 1 (academic) and 5 percent for group 3 (private practice), but by 5 years this had equalized (group 1, 34 percent; group 3, 32 percent). Group 1 (academic) showed more academic productivity publications per year, academic titles, editorial boards, and active participation in medical societies compared with group 3 (private practice). The factors that were more common to group 1 were married or married with children, five or more publications, one or more years of research, and 7 or more years of training. Conclusion: Plastic surgery fellowship directors may look at the following predictive factors of applicants if they would like their graduates to carry on the tradition of teaching future plastic surgeons: (1) previous dedicated research training, (2) more years of clinical training, and (3) more scientific publications.
Understanding Physical Activity Behavior in African American and Caucasian College Students: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Only 30% of college students meet the recommended amount of physical activity (PA) for health benefits, and this number is lower for African American students. Moreover, the correlates of PA may vary by ethnicity. Objective: In the present study, the authors tested the utility of the theory of planned behavior for explaining PA intentions and behavior in Caucasian and African American students. Participants and Methods: Participants were 238 African American (M age = 20.05 years, SD = 2.28) and 197 Caucasian (M age = 19.50 years, SD = 2.28) students who completed a baseline theory of planned behavior questionnaire and a follow-up PA measure 1 week later. Results: Hierarchical regression analyses showed that affective (β = .23) and instrumental (β = .28) attitudes and perceived behavioral control (β = .59) were significantly predictive of intention for the Caucasian students, whereas affective attitude (β = .18) and perceived behavioral control (β = .56) were significant for African American students. Furthermore, intention (β = .33) was the lone significant predictor of PA for Caucasian students, whereas perceived behavioral control (β = .23) was the significant predictor of PA for African American students. Conclusions: These data suggest that practitioners may need to consider ethnicity when developing PA interventions for college students based on the theory of planned behavior.