Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Revalidation of Bed Disinfectant Practices Followed By Farmers in the Rearing Of Silkworm Bombyx Mori L.

The rearing was carried out at department of sericulture GKVK, UAS, Bangalore 2011-2012 to study the “Revalidation of Bed Disinfectant Practices followed by farmers for the rearing of Silkworm Bombyxmori L”. Least larval duration was observed in daily application of hydrated lime powder at the rate of 5g/ sq ft + application of bundh powder after every moult (25.23 and 25.22 days, respectively) in both first and second rearing. In first rearing Larval mortality percentage, disease incidence of flacherie and muscardine was least in daily application of active lime powder at the rate of 3g / sq ft + application of bundh powder after every moult (10.16,10.04 and 0.10%, respectively). Cocoon weight, shell weight, pupal weight and shell ratio was maximum in daily application of hydrated lime powder at the rate of 5g/ sq ft + application of bundh powder after every moult (1.96, 0.330,1.63g and 21.02%, respectively) and effective rate of rearing, yield of cocoons and filament length was highest in daily application of active lime powder at the rate of 3g/ sq ft + application of bundh powder after every moult (92.12%, 88.64g and 758.5m, respectively). Larval mortality and flacherie and muscardine disease incidence was least in daily application of hydrated lime powder at the rate of 5g/ sq ft + application of bundh powder after every moult (10.67, 10.05 and 0.11%, respectively). Effective rate of rearing, matured larval weight, cocoon weight , shell weight, pupal weight, shell ratio, yield of cocoons and filament length was maximum in daily application of hydrated lime powder at the rate of 5g/ sq ft + application of bundh powder after every moult (92.13%,2.67,1.98,0.34,1.64,21.08g, 21.08%, 88.64g and 758.5m respectively) in second rearing.
Extent and Variation of Phage-Borne Bacterial 16S rRNA Gene Sequences in Wastewater Environments

ABSTRACT Phage metagenomes isolated from wastewater over a 12-month period were analyzed. The results suggested that various strains of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and other phyla are likely to participate in transduction. The patterns of 16S rRNA sequences found in phage metagenomes did not follow changes in the total bacterial community.
Binding MOAD (Mother Of All Databases)

Binding MOAD (Mother of All Databases) is the largest collection of high‐quality, protein–ligand complexes available from the Protein Data Bank. At this time, Binding MOAD contains 5331 protein–ligand complexes comprised of 1780 unique protein families and 2630 unique ligands. We have searched the crystallography papers for all 5000+ structures and compiled binding data for 1375 (26%) of the protein–ligand complexes. The binding‐affinity data ranges 13 orders of magnitude. This is the largest collection of binding data reported to date in the literature. We have also addressed the issue of redundancy in the data. To create a nonredundant dataset, one protein from each of the 1780 protein families was chosen as a representative. Representatives were chosen by tightest binding, best resolution, etc. For the 1780 “best” complexes that comprise the nonredundant version of Binding MOAD, 475 (27%) have binding data. This significant collection of protein–ligand complexes will be very useful in elucidating the biophysical patterns of molecular recognition and enzymatic regulation. The complexes with binding‐affinity data will help in the development of improved scoring functions and structure‐based drug discovery techniques. The dataset can be accessed at http://www.BindingMOAD. org. Proteins 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
How should we count AgNORS? Proposals for a standardized approach

There is interest currently in the AgNOR technique, for NOR‐associated proteins. In some cases, this technique enables the distinction to be made between certain grades of malignancy and may enable prognostic assessment. This paper attempts to suggest a standardized means for the enumeration of NORs in histological sections. Attention should be paid to rigorous technique and careful resolution of intranucleolar AgNOR dots. The timing of the reaction and fixation methods are also most important.
Financial Vulnerability and Monetary Policy

We present a parsimonious New Keynesian model that features financial vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities generate time varying downside risk of GDP growth by driving the dynamics of risk premia. Monetary policy impacts the output gap directly via the IS curve, and indirectly via its impact on financial vulnerabilities. The optimal monetary policy rule always depends on financial vulnerabilities in addition to output, inflation, and the real rate. We show that a classic Taylor rule exacerbates downside risk of GDP growth relative to an optimal Taylor rule, thus generating welfare losses associated with negative skewness of GDP growth.
Marginal bone level changes and prosthetic maintenance of mandibular overdentures supported by 2 implants: a 5-year randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND Documentation of early loading of mandibular overdentures supported by different implant systems is scarce. PURPOSE This study aimed to compare the biologic and prosthetic outcome of mandibular overdentures supported by unsplinted early-loaded one- and two-stage oral implants after 5 years of function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-eight consecutive patients were screened following an inclusion and exclusion criteria, and randomly allocated to treatment groups. Ball-retained mandibular overdentures were fabricated on two unsplinted Straumann (Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland) and Brånemark (Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden) dental implants and subjected to an early-loading protocol. During the 5-year period, prosthetic complications were recorded. At 5-years of function, plaque, peri-implant inflammation, bleeding, and calculus index scores were recorded, and standard periapical radiographs were obtained from each implant for measurement of marginal bone loss. RESULTS All implants survived during the observation period. The peri-implant inflammation, bleeding, and calculus index scores around Straumann and Brånemark implants were similar (p > .05). The marginal bone loss around Brånemark implants (1.21 +/- 0.1) was higher than Straumann implants (0.73 +/- 0.06) at 5 years of function (p = .002). Kaplan-Meier tests revealed that 1- and 5-year survival of overdentures on Straumann and Brånemark implants were similar (p = .85). Wear of the ball abutment in the Brånemark group was higher than in the Straumann group (p < .05). Complications regarding the retainer and the need for occlusal adjustments were higher in the Straumann group (p < .05). Chi-square test revealed that the frequency of retightening of the retainer was higher in the Straumann group than in the Brånemark group (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Mandibular overdentures supported by unsplinted early-loaded Straumann and Brånemark implants lead to similar peri-implant soft tissue and prosthetic outcomes, although higher marginal bone loss could be observed around Brånemark implants after 5 years.
Physical Interaction between TBX5 and MEF2C Is Required for Early Heart Development

ABSTRACT TBX5 is a transcription factor which plays important roles in the development of the heart and upper limbs. Mutations in this gene produce the inherited disorder Holt-Oram syndrome. Here, we report a physical interaction between TBX5 and MEF2C leading to a synergistic activation of the α-cardiac myosin heavy chain (MYH6). Mutants of TBX5, TBX5G80R, and TBX5R279X that produce severe cardiac phenotypes impair the synergy. Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer, we demonstrate the interaction of TBX5 and MEF2C in living cells. We also show that they physically associate through their DNA-binding domains to form a complex on the MYH6 promoter. Morpholino-mediated knockdowns of Tbx5 and Mef2c in zebrafish suggest that the genetic interaction of these proteins is not only required for MYH6 expression but also essential for the early stages of heart development and survival. This is the first report of a functional interaction between a T-box protein and a MADS box factor that may be crucial in cardiomyocyte differentiation.
The CO poisoning effect in PEMFCs operational at temperatures up to 200 degrees C

The CO poisoning effect on carbon-supported platinum catalysts ~ at a loading of 0.5 mg Pt/cm 2 per electrode ! in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells ~ PEMFCs ! has been investigated in a temperature range from 125 to 200°C with the phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole membranes as electrolyte. The effect is very temperature-dependent and can be sufﬁciently sup- pressed at elevated temperature. By deﬁning the CO tolerance as a voltage loss less than 10 mV, it is evaluated that 3% CO in hydrogen can be tolerated at current densities up to 0.8 A/cm 2 at 200°C, while at 125°C 0.1% CO in hydrogen can be tolerated at current densities lower than 0.3 A/cm 2 . For comparison, the tolerance is only 0.0025% CO ~ 25 ppm ! at 80°C at current densities up to 0.2 A/cm 2 . The relative anode activity for hydrogen oxidation was calculated as a function of the CO concentration and temperature. The effect of CO 2 in hydrogen was also studied. At 175°C, 25% CO 2 in the fuel stream showed only the dilution effect. ©2003 The Electrochemical Society. 10.1149/1.1619984 rights The rate-determining step for sequence 4–5 is formation of the oxygen-containing adsorbate, Reaction 4. Based on these chemical and electrochemical surface processes a kinetic model has been developed. At low current densities or low anodic overpotentials, the anodic oxidation of hydrogen is essentially determined by the maximum rate of hydrogen dissociative chemisorption on a small fraction of the catalyst surface area free of CO. This limiting current density is a function of the CO content in hydrogen and the operational temperature. When this limiting current density is exceeded, a much larger increase of the anode overpotential is observed due to the limited number of CO-free Pt surface sites. The electro- oxidation of the adsorbed CO occurs at the potential where the oxygen-containing species are formed at the platinum surface, i.e. , corresponding to an anode potential around 0.5 V vs. RHE. Under operational conditions for a PEMFC, where the anode operates in a potential region between 0 and 0.1 V vs. RHE, CO is hence an inert adsorbate on the platinum catalyst surface.
Class III PI3K Positively Regulates Platelet Activation and Thrombosis via PI(3)P-Directed Function of NADPH Oxidase

Objective— Class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase, also known as VPS34 (vacuolar protein sorting 34), is a highly conserved enzyme regulating important cellular functions such as NADPH oxidase (NOX) assembly, membrane trafficking, and autophagy. Although VPS34 is expressed in platelets, its involvement in platelet activation remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the role of VPS34 in platelet activation and thrombus formation using VPS34 knockout mice. Approach and Results— Platelet-specific VPS34-deficient mice were generated and characterized. VPS34 deficiency in platelets did not influence tail bleeding time. In a ferric chloride–induced mesenteric arteriolar thrombosis model, VPS34−/− mice exhibited a prolonged vessel occlusion time compared with wild-type mice (42.05±4.09 versus 18.30±2.47 minutes). In an in vitro microfluidic whole-blood perfusion assay, thrombus formation on collagen under arterial shear was significantly reduced for VPS34−/− platelets. VPS34−/− platelets displayed an impaired aggregation and dense granule secretion in response to low doses of collagen or thrombin. VPS34 deficiency delayed clot retraction but did not influence platelet spreading on fibrinogen. We also demonstrated that VPS34 deficiency altered the basal level of autophagy in resting platelets and hampered NOX assembly and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling during platelet activation. Importantly, we identified the NOX-dependent reactive oxygen species generation as the major downstream effector of VPS34, which in turn can mediate platelet activation. In addition, by using a specific inhibitor 3-methyladenine, VPS34 was found to operate through a similar NOX-dependent mechanism to promote human platelet activation. Conclusions— Platelet VPS34 is critical for thrombosis but dispensable for hemostasis. VPS34 regulates platelet activation by influencing NOX assembly.
Association of inherited thrombophilia and antiphospholipid syndrome with severe preeclampsia

Background: Severe preeclampsia is a quite well-known entity with high incidence of both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Although little is known about its etiology, inherited disorders of hemostasis and antiphospholipid syndrome have been postulated as common causes. The present study was conducted to evaluate the association of these two entities with preeclampsia in a group of Iranian patients. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was performed on 26 parturients with severe preeclampsia and 26 healthy pregnant women who were matched according to the age, parity, gestational age and previous history of abortion. A 10cc blood sample was obtained and the following factors were measured: factor V Leiden, protein S, protein C, antithrombin III, anticardiolipin antibodies (IgM and IgG) and the presence of the lupus anticoagulant antibody. Results: We have not found any significant difference in the values of factor V Leiden, antithrombin III, protein C, protein S, and anticardiolipin-IgG between preeclamptic (case) and non-preeclamptic (control) parturients. Meanwhile, lupus anticoagulant antibody was detected in one case and one control. However, anticardiolipin IgM was shown to be significantly higher in the preeclamptic patients. Severe preeclamptic parturients were 4.4 times more likely to develop elevated levels of IgM (OR=4.4, 95% CI=1.9-10, p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results failed to reveal any significant association between preeclampsia and indices of inherited disorders of hemostasis, except for anticardiolipin IgM. Thus, routine screening of these indices are not recommended due to high expenses and shortness of reliability.
Does attitude acquisition in evaluative conditioning without explicit CS-US memory reflect implicit misattribution of affect?

ABSTRACT Research that dissociates different types of processes within a given task using a processing tree approach suggests that attitudes may be acquired through evaluative conditioning in the absence of explicit encoding of CS-US pairings in memory. This research distinguishes explicit memory for the CS-US pairings from CS-liking acquired without encoding of CS-US pairs in explicit memory. It has been suggested that the latter effect may be due to an implicit misattribution process that is assumed to operate when US evocativeness is low. In the present research, the latter assumption was supported neither by two high-powered experiments nor by complementary meta-analytic evidence, whereas evocativeness exerted an influence on explicit memory. This pattern of findings is inconsistent with the view that CS-liking acquired without encoding of CS-US pairs in explicit memory reflects an implicit misattribution process at learning. Hence, the underlying learning process is awaiting further empirical scrutiny.
Incidence of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis after adoption of restrictive gadolinium-based contrast agent guidelines.

PURPOSE To retrospectively determine the incidence of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in a large academic medical center after the adoption of restrictive gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) administration guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS For this retrospective HIPAA-compliant study, institutional review board approval was obtained and the requirement for informed consent was waived. Restrictive GBCA guidelines were adopted in May 2007. The guidelines (a) require a recent serum creatinine level measurement in any patient who is aged 60 years or older and/or at risk for renal disease, (b) limit the maximal weight-based GBCA dose administered to any patient with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) lower than 60 mL/min/m(2) to 20 mL, and (c) prohibit the administration of any GBCA in patients who have an eGFR lower than 30 mL/min/m(2) and/or are undergoing chronic dialysis treatment (except in emergency situations). The electronic medical records were searched for all contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging examinations performed during the post-guidelines adoption period between January 2008 and March 2010 and the pre-guidelines adoption and transitional period between January 2002 and December 2007. Separate pathology records were searched for biopsy-confirmed cases of NSF during the same study periods. The incidences of NSF during the pre-guidelines adoption and transitional period and post-guidelines adoption period were compared by using the paired Z test. RESULTS A total of 52,954 contrast-enhanced MR examinations were performed during the post-guidelines adoption period. Of these 52,954 examinations, 46,464 (88%) were performed in adult patients with an eGFR of 60 mL/min/m(2) or higher or presumed normal renal function and 6454 (12%) were performed in patients with an eGFR of 30-59 mL/min/m(2). Thirty-six patients with an eGFR lower than 30 mL/min/m(2) underwent contrast-enhanced MR imaging for emergent indications. Review of the pathology records for January 2008 to September 2010 revealed no new cases of NSF resulting from GBCA exposure. CONCLUSION After restrictive guidelines regarding GBCA administration were instituted, no new cases of NSF were identified among 52,954 contrast-enhanced MR examinations, including those performed in patients with an eGFR lower than 60 mL/min/m(2).
Saliva composition in three selected groups with normal stimulated salivary flow rates, but yet major differences in caries experience and dental erosion

Abstract Objective. It was hypothesized that, by comparing matched subjects with major differences in these dental diseases, but yet normal saliva flow rates, it would be possible to obtain data on the effect of saliva composition on dental disease isolated from the effect of the flow rate. Thus, the aim of the study was to compare the major physicochemical characteristics of stimulated whole saliva in three groups of 85 subjects, each with normal saliva flow rates and at least 24 remaining teeth. Materials and methods. A group with very little dental disease (healthy), a group with dental erosion (erosion) and a group with very high caries experience (caries) were chosen. Furthermore, the aim was to determine whether differences among groups could also be found on an individual level. Results. Although it was not possible to retrieve three groups whose members were completely identical, the present study points in the direction that, on a group level, subjects with very little dental disease seemed to have a more favorable physicochemical saliva composition with respect to higher calcium, phosphate, bicarbonate, pH, degree of saturation with respect to hydroxyapatite and a lower critical pH (p < 0.05 or less). However, on an individual level the explanatory power for the saliva composition was only 10% for caries experience and only 11% for dental erosion (p < 0.001). Conclusion. The compositional analyses performed in this study on stimulated whole saliva, including major physicochemical characteristics of saliva, will most likely have little predictive value for future dental caries and erosion in single individuals.
Effects of Noradrenaline on Frequency Tuning of Rat Auditory Cortex Neurons

The selectivity of rat auditory cortex neurons for pure tone frequency was studied during and after ionophoretic application (5–40 nA) of noradrenaline in urethane‐anaesthetized rats. The dominant effect induced by noradrenaline was a significant decrease in spontaneous (93/268 cells) and evoked activity (1331268 cells) which outlasted the application. In the whole population of cells (n= 268) the signal‐to‐noise ratio, computed using as the signal either the mean evoked response or the response at the best frequency, was unchanged during noradrenaline application. It was significantly increased only for cells showing significantly decreased spontaneous activity, and was significantly decreased for cells showing increased spontaneous activity. Frequency selectivity was significantly increased for the whole population during and after noradrenaline application. It was also significantly increased for cells showing significantly decreased evoked activity, and was significantly decreased for cells showing increased evoked activity. The noradrenaline‐induced inhibition was not blocked by propranolol (β antagonist); it was blocked by prazosin (α1 antagonist) and partly mimicked by phenylephrine (α1 agonist). GABA, which also inhibited spontaneous and evoked activity, slightly increased the signal‐to‐noise ratio and significant increased frequency selectivity. However, when noradrenaline was ejected in the presence of bicuculline at doses that were able to block GABAergic inhibition, the inhibitory effects of noradrenaline on spontaneous and evoked activity were still observed. The possible function of noradrenaline‐induced inhibitions in sensory cortices is briefly discussed.
Exponential stabilization of time-varying delay systems with non-linear perturbations

This paper provides a linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based approach for exponential stabilization of timevarying delay systems subject to either non-linear perturbations or parametric perturbations. The timevarying delay varies within an interval with known lower and upper bounds. Its time derivatives can be known or unknown. By choosing a set of improved Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals that includes tripleintegral terms, delay-dependent stabilizability conditions involving lower and upper delay bounds are derived to ensure closed-loop stability of the system with any prescribed α-convergence rate. The design of memoryless state feedback controllers can be carried out in a systematic and computationally efficient manner via the use of LMI-based algorithms. Extensive numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design method and its improvement over some existing results in the literature.
EFFECT OF AGE ON MILK FATTY ACIDS IN DAIRY BUFFFALOES

ABSTRACT: Milk quality has been an issue of public health concern and changes occur in milk composition with the changing physiological and management states. An experiment was conducted to investigate changes in milk yield and fatty acids profile with advancing age and lactation stage in dairy buffaloes. A total of 12 multiparous lactating dairy buffaloes were divided into two groups younger (1-4 lactation number) and mature (8-10 lactation number) having six animals in each one, which were further subdivided into early (1-3 months) and late (7-10 months) lactation stage. All the buffaloes were stall fed, green fodders were provided ad libitum and concentrate mixture at the scale of 1 kg/2 lit of milk production. The experiment continued for six weeks starting from November upto mid of December 2009. Milk samples were weekly collected for analysis of fatty acids profile. Saturated FAs (SFAs) showed the highest concentration out of the total milk fatty acids and averaged 70.41 g/100 g ranging from 64.96 to 78.83 g/100 g. The concentration of C14:1, C16:1 and C18:3 was significantly (P<0.05) higher in younger buffaloes while C18:1cis, medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) and long chain fatty acids (LCFA) were higher in older ones (P <0.05). The ratio of Δ9 desaturase activity was significantly (P <0.05) higher in younger animals (0.11) compared to older (0.07) while it was not affected by lactation stage. It was concluded that the milk fatty acids quality was better in younger animals at early lactation.