Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of 90Yttrium‐ibritumomab tiuxetan in relapsed/refractory extranodal marginal‐zone lymphoma

We evaluated clinical activity of 90Yttrium‐ibritumomab (90Y‐ibritumomab) tiuxetan in extranodal marginal‐zone lymphoma. From May 2004 to April 2011, 30 patients affected by relapsed/refractory marginal‐zone lymphoma—arisen at any extranodal site—received 90Y‐ibritumomab tiuxetan at the activity of 0.4 mCi/kg. Median age was 57 years. At time of treatment, 13 out of 30 patients had disseminated disease (stage III/IV). All patients had received a previous treatment with a maximum of 7. Overall response rate was 90%: 23 patients achieved a complete response (77%); partial response occurred in 4 patients (13%), stable disease in 2 patients (7%) and 1 progression (3%). With a median follow‐up of 5.3 years, median time to relapse was not reached; 2 patients relapsed after complete response; 18 out of 23 complete responses are still responders after >3 years, 12 of them after >5 years. 90Y‐ibritumomab tiuxetan seems to be active in patients with extranodal marginal‐zone lymphoma relapsed/refractory to conventional treatment including radiotherapy. These results suggest that radioimmunotherapy could represent a possible option for the treatment in this subset of patients. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detecting effects of donepezil on visual selective attention using signal detection parameters in Alzheimer's disease

Attentional function is impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Moreover, attention is mediated by acetylcholine. But, despite the widespread use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChE‐I) to augment available acetylcholine in AD, measures of attentional function have not been used to assess the drug response.
Tocotrienols have potent antifibrogenic effects in human intestinal fibroblasts

Background: Excessive fibroblast expansion and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition are key events for the development of bowel stenosis in Crohn's disease (CD) patients. Tocotrienols are vitamin E compounds with proven in vitro antifibrogenic effects on rat pancreatic fibroblasts. We aimed at investigating the effects of tocotrienols on human intestinal fibroblast (HIF) proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and synthesis of ECM. Methods: HIF isolated from CD, ulcerative colitis (UC), and normal intestine were treated with tocotrienol‐rich fraction (TRF) from palm oil. HIF proliferation was quantified by 3H‐thymidine incorporation, apoptosis was studied by DNA fragmentation, propidium iodide staining, caspase activation, and poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase cleavage, autophagy was analyzed by quantification of LC3 protein and identification of autophagic vesicles by immunofluorescence and production of ECM components was measured by Western blot. Results: TRF significantly reduced HIF proliferation and prevented basic fibroblast growth factor‐induced proliferation in CD and UC, but not control HIF. TRF enhanced HIF death by promoting apoptosis and autophagy. HIF apoptosis, but not autophagy, was prevented by the pan‐caspase inhibitor zVAD‐fmk, whereas both types of cell death were prevented when the mitochondrial permeability transition pore was blocked by cyclosporin A, demonstrating a key role of the mitochondria in these processes. TRF diminished procollagen type I and laminin &ggr;‐1 production by HIF. Conclusions: Tocotrienols exert multiple effects on HIF, reducing cell proliferation, enhancing programmed cell death through apoptosis and autophagy, and decreasing ECM production. Considering their in vitro antifibrogenic properties, tocotrienols could be useful to treat or prevent bowel fibrosis in CD patients. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011)
Quantum Coherence in an Optical Modulator

Semiconductor quantum well electroabsorption modulators are widely used to modulate near-infrared (NIR) radiation at frequencies below 0.1 terahertz (THz). Here, the NIR absorption of undoped quantum wells was modulated by strong electric fields with frequencies between 1.5 and 3.9 THz. The THz field coupled two excited states (excitons) of the quantum wells, as manifested by a new THz frequency- and power-dependent NIR absorption line. Nonperturbative theory and experiment indicate that the THz field generated a coherent quantum superposition of an absorbing and a nonabsorbing exciton. This quantum coherence may yield new applications for quantum well modulators in optical communications.
Dependable messaging in wireless sensor networks

The lack of a basic understanding of its essential components has been an obstacle for reliable, efficient, and reusable messaging services in sensornets. To address this problem, this dissertation identifies the basic components of sensornet messaging and studies the related algorithmic design issues. More specifically, we propose the messaging architecture SMA that consists of three components: traffic-adaptive link estimation and routing (TLR), application-adaptive structuring (AST), and application-adaptive scheduling (ASC). TLR deals with dynamic wireless links as well as the impact of application traffic patterns on link dynamics; AST and ASC control the spatial and temporal flow of data packets to support application-specific in-network processing and QoS requirements. To provide an instance of TLR, we propose the routing protocol Learn on the Fly that solves the problem of precisely estimating wireless link properties in the presence of varying network conditions. Then, we study ASC from the perspective of in-network processing and QoS provisioning. Taking packet packing as an example of in-network processing, we study the problem of scheduling packet transmissions to improve messaging efficiency. For the basic problem of reliable and real-time data transport in event-detection sensornets, we propose the protocol Reliable Bursty Convergecast that innovates the window-less block acknowledgment scheme and the retransmission-aware differentiated contention control. The architecture SMA provides a framework for sensornet messaging, and the study of TLR and ASC provides algorithmic references for instantiating SMA. This part of the dissertation work has also provided dependable messaging services for several real-world sensornet systems. The second part of this dissertation addresses the challenges that complex faults and large system scale bring to the design of fault-tolerant protocols. To this end, we propose the concept of local stabilization. In a locally-stabilizing system, fault impact is locally contained around where the fault has occurred, and the time taken for the system to stabilize depends only on the size of the fault-perturbed region instead of the system size. For shortest path routing, a basic problem in messaging, we propose a locally-stabilizing protocol LSRP. The concept of local stabilization and the algorithmic approach of LSRP are generically applicable to other networking and distributed computing problems.
SysScale: Exploiting Multi-domain Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling for Energy Efficient Mobile Processors

There are three domains in a modern thermally-constrained mobile system-on-chip (SoC): compute, IO, and memory. We observe that a modern SoC typically allocates a fixed power budget, corresponding to worst-case performance demands, to the IO and memory domains even if they are underutilized. The resulting unfair allocation of the power budget across domains can cause two major issues: 1) the IO and memory domains can operate at a higher frequency and voltage than necessary, increasing power consumption and 2) the unused power budget of the IO and memory domains cannot be used to increase the throughput of the compute domain, hampering performance. To avoid these issues, it is crucial to dynamically orchestrate the distribution of the SoC power budget across the three domains based on their actual performance demands.We propose SysScale, a new multi-domain power management technique to improve the energy efficiency of mobile SoCs. SysScale is based on three key ideas. First, SysScale introduces an accurate algorithm to predict the performance (e.g., bandwidth and latency) demands of the three SoC domains. Second, SysScale uses a new DVFS (dynamic voltage and frequency scaling) mechanism to distribute the SoC power to each domain according to the predicted performance demands. This mechanism is designed to minimize the significant latency overheads associated with applying DVFS across multiple domains. Third, in addition to using a global DVFS mechanism, SysScale uses domain-specialized techniques to optimize the energy efficiency of each domain at different operating points.We implement SysScale on an Intel Skylake microprocessor for mobile devices and evaluate it using a wide variety of SPEC CPU2006, graphics (3DMark), and battery life workloads (e.g., video playback). On a 2-core Skylake, SysScale improves the performance of SPEC CPU2006 and 3DMark workloads by up to 16% and 8.9% (9.2% and 7.9% on average), respectively. For battery life workloads, which typically have fixed performance demands, SysScale reduces the average power consumption by up to 10.7% (8.5% on average), while meeting performance demands.
Molecular characterization of a Class I Newcastle disease virus strain isolated from a pigeon in China

ABSTRACT Constant monitoring is performed to elucidate the role of natural hosts in the ecology of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). In this study, an NDV strain isolated from an asymptomatic pigeon was sequenced and analysed. Results showed that the full-length genomes of this isolate were 15,198 nucleotides with the gene order of 3′-NP-P-M-F-HN-L-5′. This NDV isolate was lentogenic, with an intracerebral pathogenicity index of 0.00 and a mean time of death more than 148 h. The isolate possessed a motif of -112E-R-Q-E-R-L117- at the F protein cleavage site. In addition, 7 and 13 amino acid substitutions were identified in the functional domains of fusion protein (F) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein (HN) proteins, respectively. Analysis of the amino acids of neutralizing epitopes of F and HN proteins showed 3 and 10 amino acid substitutions, respectively, in the isolate. Phylogenetic analysis classified the isolate into genotype Ib in Class I. This isolate shared high homologies with the NDV strains isolated from wild birds and waterfowl in southern and eastern parts of China from 2005 to 2013. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report a NDV strain isolated from pigeon that belongs to genotype Ib in Class I, rather than to the traditional genotype VI or other sub-genotypes in Class II. This study provides information to elucidate the distribution and evolution of Class I viruses for further NDV prevention.
Lineage‐specific engraftment and outcomes after T‐cell‐depleted peripheral blood stem cell transplant with Flu/Cy/TBI conditioning

Sixty patients with haematological malignancies received a myeloablative regimen of total body irradiation, cyclophosphamide and fludarabine followed by a T‐cell‐depleted peripheral blood stem cell transplant from a human leucocyte antigen identical sibling. To improve donor immune function, 1 × 107 CD3+ cells/kg were added‐back between d 45 and 100. T‐cell and myeloid chimaerism were monitored regularly to evaluate the effect of T‐cell chimaerism on outcome. The major factor affecting outcome was disease risk, with significantly lower relapse and higher survival in 29 standard risk (SR) patients compared with 31 patients at high risk (HR) for treatment failure (relapse 4·8 ± 5% vs. 59 ± 11%, P < 0·0001, and overall survival 93 ± 5% vs. 39 ± 10%, P < 0·0001, respectively). Donor myeloid chimaerism reached ≥95% within 14 d of transplant, but in the first several months, donor T‐cell chimaerism was frequently mixed. Full T‐cell chimaerism was significantly more frequent in HR vs. SR patients. Landmark analysis at days 30 and 90 in HR patients with mixed versus full T‐cell chimaerism, showed relapse probabilities of 50·5 ± 14% vs. 70 ± 16% (P = 0·62) and 34·4 ± 20% vs. 58·8 ± 15% (P = 0·32) respectively. Early full T‐cell engraftment correlated with development of severe acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). However, mixed T‐cell chimaerism was favourable for reducing GVHD, and did not affect relapse in this small series.
Diagnostic application of the universal definition of myocardial infarction in the intensive care unit

Purpose of reviewMyocardial infarction is a clinical diagnosis based on clinical presentation and laboratory tests. Clinicians have often defined myocardial infarction in different ways. In order to have a consistent universal definition, the four major international cardiac societies recently completed a consensus to define myocardial infarction in a universally acceptable manner. Recent findingsMyocardial infarction is defined pathologically as myocyte necrosis due to prolonged ischemia. These conditions are met when there is a detection of a rise or fall or both of cardiac biomarkers, preferably troponins, with at least one value above the 99th percentile of the upper reference limit together with evidence of myocardial ischemia as recognized by at least one of the following: symptoms of ischemia, electrocardiogram changes of new ischemia, development of pathological Q waves, imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or presence of new regional wall motion abnormality. Myocardial infarctions are divided into five types and can be spontaneous, secondary, or related to sudden cardiac death, percutaneous coronary intervention, or coronary artery bypass grafting. SummaryThe new universal definition with five types of myocardial infarction is based on troponin elevation together with ischemic symptoms, typical electrocardiogram changes, or imaging evidence of loss of viable myocardium.
Temporal inhomogeneity in brachial artery blood flow during forearm exercise.

The purpose of this study was to measure the influences of muscle contraction and exercise intensity on brachial artery blood flow during incremental forearm wrist flexion exercise to fatigue. Twelve subjects performed incremental forearm exercise (increments of 0.1 W every 5 min) with their nondominant arms. Doppler waveforms and two-dimensional images of the brachial artery were recorded during the last 2 min of each stage. Exercise intensities were expressed as a percent of the maximal workload achieved (%WLmax). Blood flow was calculated during each of the concentric (CP), eccentric (EP), and recovery phases (RP) of the contraction cycle. Blood flow during the CP of the contraction did not increase above resting values (25.0 +/- 10.5 mL.min-1) at any intensity (100%WLmax = 21.6 +/- 6.5 mL.min-1). Conversely, blood flow during the EP and RP increased from 25.6 +/- 3.0 to 169.1 +/- 12.8 (P < 0.05), and from 24.7 +/- 3.1 to 137.9 +/- 19.5 mL.min-1 (P < 0.05), respectively from rest to maximal exercise. Time averaged blood flow increased linearly from rest to maximal exercise (75.3 +/- 26.3 to 334.6 +/- 141.6 mL.min-1, P < 0.05). Thus, a significant impairment in blood flow occurs with concentric contractions during forearm dynamic exercise. The implications of a temporal disparity in blood flow to oxygen delivery and skeletal metabolism during exercise are discussed.
Parental characteristics and partner choice: some evidence for Oedipal imprinting

Summary Do girls fall in love with an image of their father? This study tested the hypothesis that, in choosing a partner, people tend to replicate the physical and mental attributes of their opposite-sex parent more than of the same-sex parent. A sample of 314 women, mostly in their late teens and describing themselves as ‘in love’, supplied details of their boyfriends and parents. A tendency for the boyfriend's eye colour to match that of the father more than of the mother was found, as well as a tendency for girls to replicate the age and dominance relationships of the parental partnership in their own relationship. These effects were very small and of marginal significance.
Experience-Dependency of Reliance on Local Visual and Idiothetic Cues for Spatial Representations Created in the Absence of Distal Information

Spatial encoding in the hippocampus is based on a range of different input sources. To generate spatial representations, reliable sensory cues from the external environment are integrated with idiothetic cues, derived from self-movement, that enable path integration and directional perception. In this study, we examined to what extent idiothetic cues significantly contribute to spatial representations and navigation: we recorded place cells while rodents navigated towards two visually identical chambers in 180° orientation via two different paths in darkness and in the absence of reliable auditory or olfactory cues. Our goal was to generate a conflict between local visual and direction-specific information, and then to assess which strategy was prioritized in different learning phases. We observed that, in the absence of distal cues, place fields are initially controlled by local visual cues that override idiothetic cues, but that with multiple exposures to the paradigm, spaced at intervals of days, idiothetic cues become increasingly implemented in generating an accurate spatial representation. Taken together, these data support that, in the absence of distal cues, local visual cues are prioritized in the generation of context-specific spatial representations through place cells, whereby idiothetic cues are deemed unreliable. With cumulative exposures to the environments, the animal learns to attend to subtle idiothetic cues to resolve the conflict between visual and direction-specific information.
Advances in Brief In Vivo Oxygen Consumption Rate of DS Sarcoma Cells on Inhibition of DNA Synthesis 1

The effect of inhibiting DNA synthesis on the cellular O, consumption rate of tumor cells (DS sarcoma) in vivo was analyzed using a photometric technique. Five days after DS-sarcoma ascites was induced in SD rats, animals were treated either with fludarabine (400 mg/kg Â¡.p., 6 h prior to measurements) or lovastatin (3 x 20 mg/kg i.p., 24, 15, and 3 h prior to measurements), drugs that can inhibit tumor cell proliferation. In addi tion to cellular O2 consumption, the cell cycle distribution and the fraction of DNA-synthesizing cells in the tumor ascites were measured. Both drugs lowered DNA synthesis significantly, an effect that was more pronounced with fludarabine. The cellular O, consumption rate following lovastatin application was significantly impaired (approximately 33%), whereas fludarabine had practically no effect on the respiration rate of tumor cells. From these data, it is concluded that a reduction in DNA synthesis does not necessarily result in a decrease in the O, consumption rate of tumor cells in vivo.
Physico-chemical properties and biochemical composition of physalis (Physalis pubescens L.) fruits

Ground cherry (Physalis pubescens L.) is one of the most promising exotic fruits, which can be used for developing interesting functional products. This paper reports the biochemical composition of physalis fruit and juice. The pulp was yellowish or orange with a yield of 64%. The pulp and fresh juice had a light sweet and acidic taste (pH 3.7). The titratable acidity was 1.23, polyphenols, 82 mg and vitamin C, 32.7 mg per 100 g of fruit. Physalis fruits and its juice were rich in carotenoids (69.6 µg/g and 70 µg/mL, respectively). Juice had high levels (in mg/100 mL) of minerals such as phosphorus (578), potassium (1196), zinc (2.4) and boron (1). Essential amino acids as Leucine, Lysine, Isoleucine, Valine and Tryptophan were either higher than those recommended by FAO/WHO/UNU (1985). Phenolics and other polar compounds were analyzed and indentified in juice. The antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of juice was significant against E. coli O157:H7 and Bacillus subtilis, complete against Fusarium solani and had no effect against Candida albicans. (Resume d'auteur)
Sugars boost exhausted tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes by counteracting immunosuppressive activities of galectins

Galectins released by tumor cells and macrophages can bind surface glycoproteins of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), forming glycoprotein-galectin lattices with immunosuppressive activities. Specifically, TILs covered by galectin-3 are unable to secrete cytokines after stimulation. Treating TILs ex vivo with galectin antagonists for a few hours boosts their functions. Several galectin antagonists are currently available for clinical trials.
The English history of African American English

List of Tables. List of Maps. List of Figures. Series Editor's Preface. Preface. List of Abbreviations. List of Contributors. Introduction. Part I. Morphophonological Variables: 1. Rephrasing the Copula: Contraction and Zero in Early African American English: James A. Walker. 2. Reconstructing the Source of Early African American English Plural Marking: A Comparative Study of English and Creole: Shana Poplack, Sali Tagliamonte, and Ejike Eze. Part II: Morphosyntactic Variables: 3. Negation and the Creole-Origins Hypothesis: Evidence from Early African American English: Darin M. Howe and James A. Walker. 4. Old as New Ecology: Viewing English through the Sociolinguistic Filter: Sali Tagliamonte and Jennifer Smith. Part III. Syntactic Variables: 5. The Question: Auxiliary Inversion in Early African American English: Gerard Van Herk. 6. It's All Relative: Relativization Strategies in Early African American English: Gunnel Tottie and Dawn Harvie. Part IV: The Sociohistorical Context: 7. Some Sociohistorical Inferences about the Development of African American English: Salikoko S. Mufwene. Glossary. Index.
Resuscitation of the Trauma Patient

diagnostic and use Abstract The management of trauma-related coagulopathy and haemorrhage is changing from a reactive strategy to a proactive early intervention with blood products and haemostatic agents. Although major haemorrhage and massive transfusion are associated with higher mortality, the pattern of this association with modern trauma care is poorly described. In addition, early predictors of massive transfusion, which might trigger a proactive haemostatic resuscitation strategy, are not currently available. We review recent literature relating to predictors of massive transfusions and the relationship between transfusion and mortality.