Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing for specialized visual domains: A preparatory qualitative analysis for a digital collection in the Book Arts

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the organization and design of a real-life digital collection for the field of Book Arts. This paper also examines the challenges in building digital libraries for visual domains with specialized user pools. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative study was conducted. An online survey asked participants from the field of Book Arts to provide free-text descriptions of randomized visual representatives taken from the collection using open-ended question and answer boxes. Themes extracted from the survey were coded and presented using basic statistical measures. Findings – The results of this study identified a set of specialized access points for items that were selected as being significant for Book Arts and perhaps other areas in the Fine Arts. Results informed retrieval of visual information for this domain along with user interface design and evaluation strategies. In addition, the survey used in this study demonstrated the ability to collect lon.
Functional outcome after open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

INTRODUCTION Detailed information on functional outcome after open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair is sparse. Information about functional outcome of open AAA repair is essential to allow comparison of treatment modalities. METHODS To determine the functional outcome of patients after open repair of AAA, we reviewed 154 consecutive, nonemergency open repairs of infrarenal AAAs between 1990 and 1997 and each patient's medical records. Clinical variables were recorded for each patient, as were multiple outcomes, including ambulatory status, independent living status, current medical condition, and the patient's perception of recovery and satisfaction. Eighty-seven patients or their families were available for current telephone interview to obtain information about objective functional activities, including walking and driving, and subjective functional information, including assessment of complete recovery and willingness to undergo AAA repair again. Chart data were available for all 154 patients. RESULTS There were 42 women and 112 men. A total of 139 operations were elective, and 15 were urgent. The operative mortality rate was 4%, mean hospital stay was 10.7 +/- 1.3 days, and mean intensive care unit stay was 4.57 +/- 1.17 days. Seventeen (11%) patients required transfer to a skilled nursing facility with a mean stay of 3.66 +/- 2.9 months. All patients were ambulatory preoperatively, whereas at last follow-up (median, 25 months; range, 0.13-108.5 months), 100 (64%) of the patients remained ambulatory, 34 (22%) required assistance, and 12 (14%) were nonambulatory. At current assessment by telephone interview, 33% of patients described a decrease in their functional activity including driving, shopping, and traveling compared with their preoperative status, whereas 67% were unchanged. When asked to assess their own degree of recovery, 64% of patients stated that they experienced complete recovery with an average time to recovery of 3.9 months, whereas 33% said they had not fully recovered at a mean follow-up of 34 months. Sixteen (18%) patients said they would not undergo AAA repair again knowing the recovery process, even though they appeared to fully understand the implication of AAA rupture. CONCLUSION Patients undergoing open AAA repair generally experienced significant freedom from surgical complications. However, substantial functional impairment was present. It is unclear whether the functional disability resulted from the AAA surgery or from aging and comorbidities unrelated to surgery.
Observations of an auroral streamer in a double oval configuration

Abstract. During the late evening and night of 14 September 2004, the nightside auroral oval shows a distinct double oval configuration for several hours after a substorm onset at ~18:45 UT. This structure is observed both by the IMAGE satellite optical instruments focusing on the Southern Hemisphere, and by the MIRACLE ground-based instrument network in Scandinavia. At ~21:17 UT during the recovery phase of the substorm, an auroral streamer is detected by these instruments and the EISCAT radar, while simultaneously the Cluster satellites observe a bursty bulk flow in the conjugate portion of the plasma sheet in the magnetotail. Our combined data analysis reveals significant differences between the ionospheric equivalent current signature of this streamer within a double oval configuration, as compared to previously studied streamer events without such a configuration. We attribute these differences to the presence of an additional poleward polarization electric field between the poleward and the equatorward portions of the double oval, and show with a simple model that such an assumption can conceptually explain the observations. Further, we estimate the total current transferred in meridional direction by this recovery phase streamer to ~80 kA, significantly less than for previously analysed expansion phase streamer events. Both results indicate that the development of auroral streamers is dependent on the ambient background conditions in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. The auroral streamer event studied was simultaneously observed in the conjugate Northern and Southern Hemisphere ionosphere.
Does the Trabecular Bone Structure Depicted by High-Resolution MRI of the Calcaneus Reflect the True Bone Structure?

Vieth V, Link TM, Lotter A, et al. Does the trabecular bone structure depicted by high-resolution MRI of the calcaneus reflect the true bone structure? Invest Radiol 2001;36:210–217. rationale and objectives. The purpose of this study was to compare trabecular bone structure parameters assessed with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) with those determined in specimen sections. methods.High-resolution MR images were obtained for 30 calcaneus specimens with a three-dimensional, T1-weighted spin-echo sequence (spatial in-plane resolution 0.195 mm, slice thicknesses of 0.3 and 0.9 mm). Thirty-eight sections were obtained from the specimens, and contact radiography was performed. In the corresponding sections, structural parameters analogous to bone histomorphometry were determined. results.Significant correlations between MRI-derived structural parameters and those derived from macro pathological sections were found:r values of up to 0.75 were obtained (P < 0.01). The highest correlations were found for apparent bone volume/total volume and trabecular thickness. Image thresholding techniques showed a significant impact on these correlations (P < 0.01). The thinner MR sections were less susceptible to the different thresholding algorithms. conclusions.Trabecular bone structure depicted by HR-MR images is significantly correlated with that shown in macro sections (P < 0.01); however, a number of limitations have to be considered, including the substantial impact of thresholding techniques and slice thickness.
Business Sense or Subjective Satisfaction?

Does business planning have any impact on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)? Despite numerous studies in management and entrepreneurship literature, the answer remains contested. The authors address this research question empirically by exploring the composite business planning comprehensiveness construct, reflecting the degree to which business planning practices are embraced in all domains of firm management. Employing a survey of SME owners in the USA and Canada (N = 568), they explore the performance outcomes of this construct. The results demonstrate that business planning comprehensiveness is positively associated with the operational and subjective performance of the firm, but not with its financial performance.
BANK DISCLOSURE PRACTICES: IMPACT OF USERS’ PERSPECTIVE OF FINANCIAL GOVERNANCE

This paper investigates the influence of the legal framework, national income and quality of financial governance on bank disclosure practices at a macro level. 104 developed and developing countries were examined in 2004. The findings indicate that in addition to investor protection and national income, quality of financial governance (accounting and audit) is positively associated with bank disclosure practices globally. Furthermore, this paper has explored and extended La Porta et al.’s (1998) findings on the association between national income and the quality of a country’s accounting standards to the banking disclosure model.
Destination and Source Countries: Do They Have a Role on Product Quality?

In this work we explore the link between export and import products quality and the level of income of destination and source countries. As proxy to quality we use a firm-level measure calculated from the unit value prices of both exports and imports of Uruguayan manufacturing firms. Previous works argue that high quality products are exported to and imported from high income countries. Moreover, it is also argued that firms that export to high income countries upgrade their quality by using imports from high income countries. We test these hypotheses using a rich database for Uruguay over the period 1997-2008. This dataset combines firm level data and detailed customs data of exports and imports by destination or origin country. To analyze causal associations we use instrumental variable techniques, and utilize real exchange rate fluctuation to construct the instruments. Our results show that exporting to high income countries has a negative effect on the quality of imported goods and that importing from high income countries has a positive effect on our measure of import quality.
Level of Focus of Organizations Operating in Slovakia on Flexible Organizational Structure

Flexible organisational structure is characterised by the creation of temporary units (teams) within a basic departmental structure to solve a particular difficult task, important for the organisation and limited by time. It can be stated on its grounds that team work is the basis of innovative organisation operation. However, fact that organisations most often use individuals and not the creation of a team specialised in the given issue in solving of new, important and demanding projects and tasks sounds negative. If organisations want to create so called innovative environment, it is necessary to focus on organisational structure, while it is necessary to realise that different organisational structures are appropriate for different types of organisations. Presumption which was the basis of our analysis of organisational structure flexibility was the fact that organisational flexibility results from its ability to respond to changing conditions and new situations. Therefore, we monitored the frequency of characteristics like adaptation of organisational structure to changing conditions and delegation of operational decisions to line managers. However, the research implied that only a smaller part of organisational structures of the analysed organisations fulfills these characteristics.
The diffusion and adoption of eco-innovations amongst tourism businesses: the role of the social system

ABSTRACT Businesses within the tourism sector are increasingly engaging in innovative practices and measures to not only sustain growth, but also in response to the changing scale and nature of global environmental change. For some businesses, this has included the development and adoption of eco-innovations. While the tourism literature has considered the issue of business sustainability more broadly, the notion of eco-innovations represents a new area of inquiry with studies yet to fully investigate the adoption of eco-innovations amongst tourism businesses. Given this gap, this study utilises diffusion of innovations theory to explore the diffusion and adoption of eco-innovations by Australian ecotourism businesses, specifically focusing on the role of opinion leaders and change agents in influencing adoption decisions. In-depth interviews were conducted with 17 ecotourism businesses to explore the diffusion process and identify key actors influencing eco-innovation diffusion and adoption. Although the social system is a key aspect of diffusion theory, it was found that the social system plays less of a role with knowledge awareness and persuasion to adopt eco-innovations more likely to be derived from an individual’s internal drivers and environmental ethics, as opposed to external drivers such as opinion leaders and change agents.
Imported Zika Virus Infection from the Cook Islands into Australia, 2014

A female resident of Townsville, Queensland, Australia has been diagnosed with Zika virus infection following a recent trip to the Cook Islands. An initial serum sample collected in March, 2014 was positive by two separate Zika virus TaqMan real-time RT-PCRs and a pan-Flavivirus RT-PCR. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetics of the complete Cook Islands Zika virus envelope gene revealed 99.1% homology with a previous Cambodia 2010 sequence within the Asian lineage. In addition, IgG and IgM antibody seroconversions were detected between paired acute and convalescent phase sera using recombinant Zika virus serology assays. This is the first known imported case of Zika virus infection into northern Queensland where the potential mosquito vector Aedes aegypti is present and only the second such reported case diagnosed within Australia.
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Brain Reward Circuitry in the Human

ABSTRACT: To produce behavior, motivational states necessitate at least three fundamental operations, including (1) selection of objectives focused on goal‐objects, (2) compilation of goal‐object information, and (3) determination of physical plans for securing goal‐objects. The second of these general operations has been theorized to involve three subprocesses: (a) feature detection and other perceptual processing of putative goal‐object “rewards,” (b) valuation of goal‐object worth in the context of potential hedonic deficit states, and (c) extraction of incidence and temporal data regarding the goal‐object. A number of subcortical brain regions appear to be involved in these three informational subprocesses, in particular, the amygdala, sublenticular extended amygdala (SLEA) of the basal forebrain, and nucleus accumbens/subcallosal cortex (NAc/SCC). Components of the amygdala, SLEA, and NAc/SCC together constitute the larger anatomic structure of the extended amygdala. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of humans have recently begun to localize these subcortical regions within the extended amygdala during specific experimental conditions. In this manuscript, two human cocaine‐ infusion studies and one cognitive psychology experiment are reviewed in relation to their pattern of fMRI activation within regions of the extended amygdala. Activation in the NAc/SCC, in particular, is evaluated in relation to a hypothesis that one function of the NAc/SCC and associated brain regions is the evaluation of goal‐object incidence data for the computation of conditional probabilities regarding goal‐object availability. Further work is warranted to test hypothesized functions for all regions within the extended amygdala and integrate them toward an understanding of motivated behavior.
Personal selling for the forest products industry

Virginia Cooperative Extension programs and employment are open to all, regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. An equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia State University, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Rick D. Rudd, Interim Director, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; Alma C. Hobbs, Administrator, 1890 Extension Program, Virginia State, Petersburg. publication 420-146
Association of ABCB1 genetic variants 3435C>T and 2677G>T to ABCB1 mRNA and protein expression in brain tissue from refractory epilepsy patients

Purpose: There is evidence from studies in rodents that P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) overexpression is implicated in the causation of refractory epilepsy. Genetic variants in the human ABCB1 (MDR1) gene were shown to affect the expression levels of the transporter in various tissues and to be associated with refractory epilepsy. However, the effect of the genetic variants on the P‐gp level in epileptogenic brain tissue is poorly investigated. In the present study, we examined the impact of putatively functional polymorphisms 3435C>T and 2677G>T in the ABCB1 gene on the ABCB1 mRNA expression and P‐gp content in human brain tissue from epileptogenic foci of the patients with refractory epilepsy.
Role of flexible fiber-optic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases in rural-based tertiary hospital -

Results: Infections including tuberculosis and malignancy were two main indications for performing bronchoscopy. The overall diagnostic yield with bronchoscope was 62%. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 50% of suspected cases, whereas bacterial and fungal pneumonia were diagnosed in 60% of suspected lower respiratory tract infections (bacterial 83% and fungal 17%). Seventy-five percent of patients had community-acquired pneumonia and 25% had hospital-acquired pneumonia. Gram positive organisms were isolated in 25% cases, Gram negative in 70% of cases and in 5% cases mixed growth was present. Malignancy was confirmed in 68% of suspected cases (squamous cell 44%, adenocarcinoma 24%, small cell 4%, undifferentiated 24%, and metastatic carcinoma 4%). In other diseases, such as pulmonary eosinophilia, interstitial lung diseases, upper airway abnormality, and pseudo hemoptysis, it helped to establish the diagnosis.
Soluble haemoglobin scavenger receptor (sCD163) in patients with suspected community‐acquired infections

The aim of our study was to evaluate soluble haemoglobin scavenger receptor (sCD163) as a molecular marker in patients with community‐acquired infections. One hundred and ninety‐four adult patients admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine, Odense University Hospital, with suspected community‐acquired infection were included in a prospective study. Plasma and serum were sampled from all patients on day of admission and sCD163 and interleukin‐6 levels were measured. Demographic data, co‐morbidity, microbiological aetiology, biochemical parameters, focus of infection, severity score and mortality on day 28 were recorded. Median age was 68 (range 18–92) years. Mortality rate among infected patients on day 28 was 3.8%. sCD163 concentrations (median and range) were: 2.99 mg/l (1.22–12.65) in non‐infected patients, 3.62 mg/l (1.59–74.04) (p=0.08) in infected patients without systemic inflammatory response syndrome, 3.2 mg/l (0.54–22.51) (p=0.4) in patients with sepsis, 3.63 mg/l (1.71–28.4) (p=0.01) in patients with severe sepsis, and 4.9 mg/l (2.66–28.4) (p=0.003) in patients with bacteraemia. In this cohort dominated by mild infections, a moderate elevation of sCD163 was observed only in patients with severe sepsis and/or bacteraemia. sCD163 did not discriminate between infected and non‐infected patients.
Negative potentials above the day‐side lunar surface in the terrestrial plasma sheet: Evidence of non‐monotonic potentials

The Lunar Prospector (LP) Electron Reflectometer (ER) instrument conducted a series of measurements of the lunar surface potential in a variety of conditions. Occasionally, when the Moon was exposed to the terrestrial plasma sheet and in daylight, large, unexpected negative potentials (∼−500 V) were measured. In this paper, we compare LP ER measurements with one‐dimensional particle‐in‐cell simulations of the potential above the lunar surface when the Moon is exposed to both solar UV radiation and the terrestrial plasma sheet. The simulations show that large negative potentials will be measured by LP ER due to the presence of stable, non‐monotonic potentials. Implications of these measurements to other airless bodies in the solar system are also discussed.
Sodium Nitroprusside‐induced Hypotension for Supine Total Hip Replacement

Deliberate hypotension was produced during general anesthesia by the infusion of sodium nitroprusside in 13 patients undergoing total hip replacement. Hernodynamic data from these patients were compared with those obtained from 5 patients under normotensive anesthesia for the same procedure. During the hypotensive period, which averaged 1.5 hours, the cardiac index rose 20 percent compared with controls. No acidotic tendency was seen. Blood loss in the study group averaged 475 ml, compared with 1475 ml in controls. From these data, a dose-response curve was derived which may allow the accurate prediction of the minute dosage of sodium nitroprusside required to safely induce hypotension during anesthesia.
Prevalence of Brucella antibodies in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Borno and Yobe states, Nigeria -

A cross-sectional study was designed to study the serological prevalence of antibodies against Brucella spp by using Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Microtitre Serum Agglutination Test (MSAT). A total of six hundred (600) adult donkeys comprising of 393 males and 207 females were sampled from three local government areas each, of Konduga, Monguno and Ngala in Borno state and Bursari, Geidam and Machina in Yobe state. Overall prevalence of brucellosis was 33 (5.50%), out of which 14 (2.33%) male and 19 (3.17%) female donkeys were positive by both RBPT and MSAT. There was statistically significant association between female sex of donkeys and positive serological reaction (p<0.05). Out of the 300 sera sampled from Borno state, comprising of 193 male and 107 female donkeys, 18 (6.0%) tested positive. Whereas, 15 (5.0%) of the 300 (200 males and 100 females) sera sampled from Yobe state were positive. It can be concluded that the overall prevalence of brucellosis among donkeys in Borno and Yobe states in north eastern Nigeria in this study was 5.5%. The prevalence rate was higher among female donkeys than in males. Keywords : Borno, Brucellosis, Donkey, Nigeria, Yobe.
Ignorance and bias in collective decision:Theory and experiments

We consider a committee with common interests. Committee members do not know which of two alternatives is the best, but each member may acquire privately a costly signal before casting a vote under either majority or unanimity rule. In the lab, as predicted by Bayesian equilibrium, voters are more likely to acquire information under majority rule, and attempt to counter the bias built in favor of one alternative under unanimity rule. As opposed to Bayesian equilibrium predictions, however, some committee members vote for either alternative when uninformed. Moreover, uninformed voting is correlated with a lower disposition to acquire information. We show that an equilibrium model of subjective prior beliefs may account for this correlation, and provides a good fit for the observed patterns of behavior both in terms of rational ignorance and biases.