Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic value of saline infusion sonohysterography for detecting endometrial focal lesion

Introduction Different diagnostic tools are available to evaluate endometrial focal lesion such as hysteroscopy, sonohystrography and transvaginal ultrasound. The present study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of saline infusion sonohystrography (SIS) in diagnosis of intrauterine lesions in women with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB). Methods This cross-sectional study recruited 100 married women with chief complain of AUB referred to gynecologic clinics at the Amir Al-Momenin hospital, Semnan, Iran from March 2014 to February 2016. All participants were in the reproductive age and post-menopausal period that showed abnormal endometrial thickness or endometrial focal lesions through transvaginal ultrasound. Participants underwent SIS, hysteroscopy plus focal lesion resection and endometrial biopsy in order. The gold standard was the histopathology of endometrial specimen reported by pathologist. Results Mean±SD age of women was 41.2±11.3 years. To diagnose the overall focal lesions, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the SIS were 79.6, 89.1, 89.6, and 78.8% respectively. These figures were 75.0, 87.5, 82.5 and 81.7%, respectively to diagnose polyps. The SIS sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV values to diagnose the myomas were 60.0, 97.8, 75.0, and 95.7% respectively. Conclusion Findings show that, SIS probably is a proper method for detecting endometrial focal lesion including polyps and myomas. Future studies may help to define further advantages of this procedure.
A deep learning approach for sentiment analysis

Sentiment Analysis refers to the process of computationally identifying and categorizing opinions expressed in a piece of text, in order to determine whether the writer’s attitude towards a particular topic or product is positive, negative, or even neutral. The views expressed and its related concepts, such as feelings, judgments, and emotions have become recently a subject of study and research in both academic and industrial areas. In particular the beginning of these studies and their rapid growth coincide precisely with the advent and popularity of social networks and social media, in which information such opinions, reviews, discussions and comments proliferate. The spread of social networks has still created also significant risks especially among young teenagers who are also the main users of the web. One of these risks, that is now growing strongly, is cyber bullying. More exactly the term cyber bullying indicates acts of harassment, humiliation, and general indirect aggressive actions, carried out by e-mail, instant messaging, but more commonly through posting comments activity on social networks. Our assumption here is that cyber bullying detection can be treated as a particular case of Sentiment Analysis task. Unfortunately language comprehension of user comments, especially in social networks, is inherently complex to computers. The ways in which humans express themselves with natural language are nearly unlimited and informal texts is riddled with typos, misspellings, badly set up syntactic constructions and also specific symbols (e.g. hashtags in Twitter) which exponentially
Notch Signaling Activation as a Hallmark for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Subtype

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subgroup of 15%-20% of diagnosed breast cancer patients. It is generally considered to be the most difficult breast cancer subtype to deal with, due to the lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which usually direct targeted therapies. In this scenario, the current treatments of TNBC-affected patients rely on tumor excision and conventional chemotherapy. As a result, the prognosis is overall poor. Thus, the identification and characterization of targets for novel therapies are urgently required. The Notch signaling pathway has emerged to act in the pathogenesis and tumor progression of TNBCs. Firstly, Notch receptors are associated with the regulation of tumor-initiating cells (TICs) behavior, as well as with the aetiology of TNBCs. Secondly, there is a strong evidence that Notch pathway is a relevant player in mammary cancer stem cells maintenance and expansion. Finally, Notch receptors expression and activation strongly correlate with the aggressive clinicopathological and biological phenotypes of breast cancer (e.g., invasiveness and chemoresistance), which are relevant characteristics of TNBC subtype. The purpose of this up-to-date review is to provide a detailed overview of the specific role of all four Notch receptors (Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, and Notch4) in TNBCs, thus identifying the Notch signaling pathway deregulation/activation as a pathognomonic feature of this breast cancer subtype. Furthermore, this review will also discuss recent information associated with different therapeutic options related to the four Notch receptors, which may be useful to evaluate prognostic or predictive indicators as well as to develop new therapies aimed at improving the clinical outcome of TNBC patients.
The Korean guideline for gastric cancer screening

박 현 아·남 수 연·이 상 길·김 상 균·심 기 남·박 상 민·이 선 영·한 혜 승·신 용 문·김 경 미·이 경 재·이 태 용· 최 일 주·홍 성 숙·김 재 우·이 윤 재·김 수 영·김 열·이 원 철·정 일 권 | 인제대학교 의과대학 서울백병원 가정의학과, 경북대학교 의과대학 경북대학교병원 소화기내과, 연세대학교 의과대학 세브란스병원 내과, 서울대학교 의과대학 내과학교실 간연구소, 이화여자대학교 의학전문대학원 내과학교실, 서울대학교 의과대학 가정의학교실, 건국대학교 의학전문대학원 내과학교실, 건국대학교 의학전문대학원 병리학교실, 울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 영상의학과, 성균관대학교 의과대학 병리학교실, 순천향대학교 의과 대학 순천향대학 서울병원 직업환경의학과, 충남대학교 의학전문대학원 예방의학교실, 국립암센터 위암센터, 순천향대학교 서울병원 영상의학과, 국립암센터 암검진사업과, 분당차병원 한방부인과, 한림대학교 의과대학 강동성심병원 가정의학과, 가톨릭대학교 의과 대학 예방의학교실, 순천향대학교 의과대학 순천향대학 천안병원 내과학교실
Salivary and Dental-Oral Hygiene Parameters in 3 rd Trimester of Pregnancy and Early Lactation : The Effect of Education

To investigate the effect of 3rd trimester of pregnancy and lactation on dental, oral hygiene and salivary parameters according to educational status. Fourteen healthy women at their 3rd trimester and lactation periods, and 12 non-pregnant women as age-matched controls were recruited. Sulcus bleeding (SBI), plaque (PI) and caries (DMF-T) indexes were estimated and unstimulated whole saliva were taken for free calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphate (Pi), glutathione (GSH),total protein (TP) levels, carbonic anhydrase activity (CA), buffering capacity (BC), flow rate (FR) and pH determinations. Pregnant subjects were also sub-divided as high and low educated sub-groups. DMFT, SBI and PI increased significantly in lactation compared to pregnancy, pH and BC in pregnancy were significantly lower than non-pregnant condition and lactation. Ca and Ca/Pi molar ratio increased and Pi decreased significantly in pregnancy compared to non-pregnant condition. DMF-T, SBI and PI increased; FR and CA decreased significantly in low educated sub-group and SBI and Ca/ Pi molar ratio decreased; pH and BC increased significantly in high educated sub-group in lactation compared to pregnancy. Within the limitation of our sub-groups sample size, daily oral hygiene care and good nutrition seem to have an effective impact on maintaining and/ or improving them between pregnancy and lactation.
The effect of vitamin E on lead induced gonadal dysfunctions in adult Wistar Albino rats

Background: Lead exposure can cause adverse effects on the reproductive system. This study aimed to evaluate the protective and therapeutic effects of vitamin E on lead-induced pituitary and gonadal dysfunctions and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. Material and methods: 104 Albino Wistar adult rats were divided into four groups: group I: 12 rats received vehicle of lead and 12 rats received vehicle of vitamin E; Group II: 40 rats subdivided into 2 subgroups: Group IIa: 20 rats injected with lead acetate (10 mg/kg/day 5 times/week, i.p. for 6 weeks) and Group IIb: 20 rats injected with lead as previous then stopped for 6 weeks; Group III: 20 rats injected with lead acetate as previous followed by oral administration of vitamin E (50 mg/kg/day 5 times/week); Group IV: 20 rats received vitamin E simultaneously with lead acetate as previous. At the end of the experiment the animals were scarified and blood samples were collected for measurement of gonadotrophic, gonadal hormones, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and caspase 3 by ELISA kits. The pituitary gland, testes, and ovaries were processed for histopathological examination. Results: Lead administration significantly decreased the plasma levels of gonadotrophic, and gonadal hormones, and TAC but significantly increased the plasma levels of MAD and caspase 3. Meanwhile, vitamin E administration with or after lead exposure significantly increased gonadotrophic, gonadal hormones and TAC and markedly decreased MAD and caspase 3. Conclusion: Vitamin E has protective and therapeutic effects on lead-induced gonadal dysfunction. This effect mediated by inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis. Keywords
Significance of delayed surgical treatment of symptomatic non-ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm

Introduction. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a permanent focal dilation of the blood vessel wall to about 1.5 times larger than the normal diameter. Clinically, it may be divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic. It is still discussed whether patients with symptomatic non-ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm benefit more from emergency or delayed surgical treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of the symptomatic non-ruptured aneurysms in regard to the diameter of ruptured and non-ruptured symptomatic aneurysms and the impact of the time elapsed from admission to surgery on its outcome. Material and Methods. The retrospective study included all 133 patients who underwent surgery due to symptomatic non-ruptured or ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm at the Clinic of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery during the previous 3 years. Results. Out of a total of 133 patients, 75.19% underwent surgery in the first 24 hours after admission, while the rest 24.81% of patients were operated later. Intraoperative complications were recorded only in patients with ruptured aneurysms, 4% had cardiac arrest and 1.5% of patients had fatal outcome. The in-hospital mortality was 16.67% in patients with non-ruptured aneurysm of the abdominal aorta operated in the first 24 hours, and 9.91% in patients who were operated after 24 hours after admission. Conclusion. Early elective surgery is a method of choice in the treatment of symptomatic non-ruptured aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. However, surgical treatment in the first 24 hours is associated with a higher mortality rate than surgery after 24 hours after admission. Also, there is no statistically significant difference in the diameter of ruptured and non-ruptured symptomatic aneurysms, but the average size of the aneurysm diameter is higher in ruptured than in non-ruptured aneurysms, which confirms the fact that the increase in diameter increases the risk of aneurysm rupture.
Performance of ATA Risk Stratification Systems, Response to Therapy, and Outcome in an Indian Cohort of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Patients: A Retrospective Study

Introduction: For better individualized management of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), ATA risk stratification systems (RSS) of 2009 and 2015 as well as a response to therapy re-classification (ATA RTR-2015) are used worldwide for assessing risk of recurrence. But there are no validation studies of these systems from the Indian subcontinent. Objectives: To compare ATA RSS-2009, ATA RSS-2015, and ATA RTR-2015 for their accuracy in predicting outcome in DTC patients. Methods: This was a retrospective review of 236 adult patients with DTC >1 cm attending the Thyroid Cancer Clinic at our Institute who had undergone total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine ablation. Initial risk stratification using ATA RSS-2009 and RSS-2015, clinical response at 1 year and outcome at last follow-up measured by clinical end points were collected and analyzed. Results: ATA RSS-2015 could not be applied to this cohort due to lack of histopathology details. While 77.3% of low-risk ATA RSS-2009 had disease-free status (NED, no evidence of disease) on follow-up, 96.1% of patients, in excellent response in ATA RTR-2015, showed NED. Whereas persistent structural disease was predicted by the high-risk group in ATA RSS-2009 (61.9%) and by the incomplete structural response group in ATA RTR-2015 (57.1%) equally well, the best predictor for NED at 1 year in this cohort was ATA RTR-2015 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study found that both ATA RSS-2009 and ATA RTR-2015 are reliable in predicting outcome in DTC patients after initial treatment. However, the response to initial therapy at 1 year predicted outcome more accurately than the initial risk status.
Serum Y-Box Binding Protein 1 (YBX-1) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) Are Associated with Metastasis in Breast Cancer Patients

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the levels of Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the sera of metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer patients (BC), investigate their clinicopathological significance and to analyze their potential use as biomarkers of breast cancer metastasis. Methods: The study included ninety subjects sub-grouped equally into metastatic BC, non-metastatic BC and healthy volunteers. Serum YBX-1 and IL-6 were quantified using ELISA technique while CA 15-3 was quantified using IRMA kit. Clinical data were collected from patients’ records. Results: YBX-1 (p were significantly elevated in metastatic and non-metastatic BC patients compared to healthy controls, however, only YBX-1 (p 0.001) showed a significant difference with cancer metastasis. Generally, YBX-1 and IL-6 were correlated with worse histological grade and late clinical stage in breast cancer patients and they were also associated with axillary lymph nodes involvement and positive vascular invasion in metastatic BC patients. Serum YBX-1 and IL-6 levels were positively correlated to each other (rs = 0.615, p Conclusions: Serum YBX-1 and IL-6 are potential biomarkers of breast cancer patients with significant correlation with bad clinicopathological characteristics. Serum YBX-1 and IL-6 have superior sensitivity and specificity compared to CA15-3 and can serve as potential follow up and prognostic markers.
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in district Mardan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

The current study aims to confine the prevalence rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in suspected patients of district Mardan khaiber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It also aims to know about the pathogen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and their pathogenicity in the host, mainly in human population of the district Mardan, to catch out the mode of transmission in the population of the suspected areas. One of the objectives of the study is to make people aware about the prevention and complete their treatment. District Mardan is one of the huge district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan where the new and relapse cases of tuberculosis found in high rate. Which have a great negative effect on the population of district Mardan. The research work done on the prevalence of tuberculosis in district Mardan in the period of October, November and December 2017. The overall 980 samples were registered in the different hospitals of Mardan area and examined by the use of sputum smear microscopy. A questionnaire has filled to collect data from patients which were include age, sex, area, marital status, diet, economic status, home condition, education, close contact to TB patients, drugs and awareness. In the selected sample the positive patients were 340 (34.69%) in which male were less prevalence 31.89% and female were high prevalence 37.44% that show that female have high rate of TB as compare to male due to the lack of education, awareness, and some other factors. The current study show that high prevalence 37.13% found in those patient who have lived in rural areas because of muddy houses, lack of education and dust in the rural areas. It also confined that high prevalence 42.10% found in the age range of 55 and above. It is noted that 32.77% of the suffering patients who were uneducated. Conclusion: The examination report display that the TB infection is high in the population of the district Mardan. It is also observed that the female are mostly suffered as compared to male. Treatment charges were the financial distressful constrictions challenged by TB patients therefore the role of government must be positive to provide TB drugs and perform many seminars for the people awareness.
Allium vegetable consumption and health: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of multiple health outcomes

Abstract Previously, our meta‐analysis and other studies have suggested that allium vegetable consumption is beneficial for health, but no umbrella review has been conducted to assess the evidence of the various health benefits of allium vegetable consumption. Therefore, we conducted this umbrella review on this topic. This umbrella review included a total of 16 meta‐analyses with 50 unique outcomes. The most beneficial cancer‐related outcome was shown for gastric cancer (risk ratio 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67–0.91). In addition, only 8 weeks of garlic consumption significantly decreased serum total cholesterol (weighted mean differences −17.20 mg/dl; 95% CI −23.10 to −11.30), and patients with dyslipidemia who consumed garlic experienced more benefits than the whole population. Diabetic patients with longer durations of garlic intake experienced more benefits in terms of fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, and serum fructosamine than healthy participants, and garlic intake was associated with blood pressure reduction in hypertensive patients but not in normotensive participants. Limited side effects of garlic, such as garlic odor and gastrointestinal complaints, were reported among the included meta‐analyses. Our results suggested that allium vegetables might be beneficial for cancer prevention. In particular, garlic was comparatively safe and is recommended as a long‐term dietary component for patients with dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension.
Polydeoxyribonucleotides Improve Diabetic Wound Healing in Mouse Animal Model for Experimental Validation

Background Wound healing mechanisms is believed to have effects similar to wound healing disorders in diabetic patients, including abnormal inflammatory cells, angiogenesis disorders, and reduced collagen synthesis. Therefore, reestablishment of structural and promoted angiogenesis could be beneficial to promote wound healing process. Objective Therefore, we investigated whether the polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) that was self-production in Korea, could be useful as an intradermal injection for promoting wound healing. Also, we validate for wound healing effect of PDRN using healing-impaired (db/db) mice. Methods In this study, we confirmed the effects of PDRN by creating wound models in in vitro and in vivo model. Using an in vitro wound healing assay, we observed that PDRN stimulated closure of wounded monolayers of human fibroblast cells. PDRN (8.25 mg/ml) or phosphate-buffered saline (0.9% NaCl) was injected once daily into the dermis adjacent to the wound for 12 days after skin injury. Results Time course observations revealed that mice treated with PDRN showed accelerated wound closure and epidermal and dermal regeneration, enhanced angiogenesis. The wound area and depth decreased at 3, 6, 9, and 12 days after skin injury. Histological evaluation showed an increase of vascular endothelial growth factor, CD31, and collagen fibers in the PDRN group compared with the control group, indicating that PDRN was effective in the treatment of delayed wound healing caused by diabetes. Conclusion This study suggests that our PDRN has a wound healing effect in transgenic animal models with cells and diabetes through angiogenesis.
Chemical composition of three cultivars of Brazilian beans.

Brazil is one of the largest producers and consumers of beans. The grains of beans fill the main dietary recommendations for good health because it provides essential nutrients. In this study, we selected different varieties of beans as IPR88 Uirapuru (Uirapuru), BRS Jalo (Jalo) and BRS Radiante (Cavalo), and compared the chemical composition of raw beans. The samples (10 Kg of each cultivar) were collected in 2012, February (Jalo and Cavalo: latitude -26o 8’ 46.78’’; longitude -52o 41’ 44.78’’) and March (Uirapuru: latitude -26o 7’ 30.79’’; longitude -52o 38’ 57.31’’) at Pato Branco, Parana state, Brazil. The physicochemical parameters (lipids, crude protein, fixed mineral residue, humidity, carbohydrates), and minerals content followed the methods described by AOAC. All the analysis was made in triplicate. The mineral composition of the three cultivars studied presented values closed to each other, but IPR88 Uirapuru was distinguished by a greater protein value and a higher amount of calcium and phosphorus. The centesimal composition of the three varieties presented values closed to each other, distinguished BRS Jalo with higher content of fiber. The physical chemical composition showed that they become an excellent raw material for bakery industry and could be used for the development of specific food products.
Advanced regression and detection methods for remote sensing data analysis

Nowadays the analysis of remote sensing data for environmental monitoring is fundamental to understand the local and global Earth dynamics. In this context, the main goal of this thesis is to present novel signal processing methods for the estimation of biophysical parameters and for the analysis icy terrain with active sensors. The thesis presents three main contributions. In the context of biophysical parameters estimation we focus on regression methods. According to the analysis of the literature, most of the regression techniques require a relevant number of reference samples to model a robust regression function. However, in real-word applications the ground truth observations are limited as their collection leads to high operational cost. Moreover, the availability of biased samples may result in low estimation accuracy. To address these issues, in this thesis we propose two novel contributions. The first contribution is a method for the estimation of biophysical parameters that integrates theoretical models with empirical observations associated to a small number of in-situ reference samples. The proposed method computes and correct deviations between estimates obtained through the inversion of theoretical models and empirical observations. The second contribution is a semisupervised learning (SSL) method for regression defined in the context of the e-insensitive SVR. The proposed SSL method aims to mitigate the problems of small-sized biased training sets by injecting priors information in the initial learning of the SVR function, and jointly exploiting labeled and unlabeled samples in the learning phase of the SVR. The third contribution of this dissertation addresses the clutter detection problem in radar sounder (RS) data. The capability to detect clutter is fundamental for the interpretation of subsurface features in the radargram. In the state of the art, techniques that require accurate information on the surface topography or approaches that exploit complex multi-channel radar sounder systems have been presented. In this thesis, we propose a novel method for clutter detection that is independent from ancillary information and limits the hardware complexity of the radar system. The method relies on the interferometric analysis of two-channel RS data and discriminates the clutter and subsurface echoes by modeling the theoretical phase difference between the cross-track antennas of the RS. This allows the comparison of the phase difference distributions of real and simulated data. Qualitative and quantitative experimental results obtained on real airborne SAR and RS data confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methods.