Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transfer from midwifery unit to obstetric unit during labour : rates, process and women's experience

Background Midwifery units (MUs) provide midwife-led care for women at low risk of complications. They may be located on the same site as an obstetric unit (OU), in a hospital without obstetric services or separate from any hospital. In MUs, if unforeseen complications arise, transfer to an OU may be necessary. Aim To provide evidence to contribute to the improvement of the transfer process, help make transfer safer and less distressing for women, thereby improving the care and experience of women planning to give birth in MUs. Methods A structured literature review of existing evidence was followed by three integrated component studies using different methods. The content and quality of local NHS transfer guidelines were evaluated. Data from the Birthplace national prospective cohort study were analysed to estimate transfer rates, describe the transfer process and identify factors associated with transfer. The experiences of women transferred were explored in qualitative interviews. Findings Transfer is a common event, affecting around 25% of women planning birth in MUs, although rates in different units vary. Primiparous women are more likely to be transferred than women having a second or subsequent baby. The risk of transfer for primiparous women increases with increasing age; around 50% of women having their first baby aged 40 years or over are transferred. Local NHS transfer guidelines are generally of poor quality and pay little attention to women’s experience. Women interviewed after transfer report feeling unprepared for transfer. Sensitive care and clear communication from midwives during labour facilitate feelings of control in women and help women accept transfer as the right decision and not a 'negative' event. Transfer that is perceived by women as “too late” can have potentially serious and long-lasting negative effects. Women’s experience of the transfer journey could be improved by the offer of choice in a number of areas which would help women feel 'cared for' rather than 'transported'. Having the MU midwife continue to care for the woman after transfer should be considered 'best practice'; where this is not possible a good handover is essential. Women who have experienced transfer should be offered the opportunity to talk to a midwife about their experience.
Cysteine Proteases Bleomycin Hydrolase and Cathepsin Z Mediate N-terminal Proteolysis and Toxicity of Mutant Huntingtin*

N-terminal proteolysis of huntingtin is thought to be an important mediator of HD pathogenesis. The formation of short N-terminal fragments of huntingtin (cp-1/cp-2, cp-A/cp-B) has been demonstrated in cells and in vivo. We previously mapped the cp-2 cleavage site by mass spectrometry to position Arg167 of huntingtin. The proteolytic enzymes generating short N-terminal fragments of huntingtin remain unknown. To search for such proteases, we conducted a genome-wide screen using an RNA-silencing approach and an assay for huntingtin proteolysis based on the detection of cp-1 and cp-2 fragments by Western blotting. The primary screen was carried out in HEK293 cells, and the secondary screen was carried out in neuronal HT22 cells, transfected in both cases with a construct encoding the N-terminal 511 amino acids of mutant huntingtin. For additional validation of the hits, we employed a complementary assay for proteolysis of huntingtin involving overexpression of individual proteases with huntingtin in two cell lines. The screen identified 11 enzymes, with two major candidates to carry out the cp-2 cleavage, bleomycin hydrolase (BLMH) and cathepsin Z, which are both cysteine proteases of a papain-like structure. Knockdown of either protease reduced cp-2 cleavage, and ameliorated mutant huntingtin induced toxicity, whereas their overexpression increased the cp-2 cleavage. Both proteases partially co-localized with Htt in the cytoplasm and within or in association with early and late endosomes, with some nuclear co-localization observed for cathepsin Z. BLMH and cathepsin Z are expressed in the brain and have been associated previously with neurodegeneration. Our findings further validate the cysteine protease family, and BLMH and cathepsin Z in particular, as potential novel targets for HD therapeutics.
Facilitating the implementation of customer‐based inter‐organizational systems: an empirical analysis of innovation and support factors

Abstract. Inter‐organizational systems, which represent the majority of competitive information systems, have received increasing attention from researchers. This study focuses on the implementation of customer‐based inter‐organizational systems (CIOS). A model is constructed and tested, based on literature in IS implementation and organizational innovation. Data from 73 organizations who have implemented such systems are gathered through a questionnaire. Two classes of independent variables, innovation factors and support factors, are examined for their influence on CIOS implementation success. While no innovation factors emerge as important, support factors, such as customer training and top management support, are found to significantly facilitate successful implementation of such systems. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Comparison of three imaging techniques in diagnosis of chondrocalcinosis of the knees in calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease.

OBJECTIVE To study the role of different imaging modalities, ultrasonography, conventional radiography (CR) and CT, in visualization of chondrocalcinosis of the knees in patients with CPDD. METHODS Twenty-five patients (14 males and 11 females) with CPDD were enrolled in the study. Diagnosis was made according to D.J. McCarty classification criteria. All patients had arthritis of the knee and underwent aspiration of SF from the knee and microscopic investigation of SF samples. Diagnosis of CPDD was crystal proven. Three imaging methods were performed in patients: CR, CT and US of the knees. RESULTS CR of the knee confirmed cartilage calcification (CC) in 13 patients, CT in 18 patients and US in 25 patients. No difference in age or disease duration between patients with CC detected by different imaging methods was found. CONCLUSION US appeared to be a helpful tool, possibly better than CR or CT, in revealing CC in patients with CPDD. Informativity of CT and CR in the detection of CC is almost equal.
Employees' negative and positive work-home interaction and their association with depressive symptoms.

BACKGROUND Depression is the leading cause of disability and high costs worldwide. One possibility for preventing depression in the workplace, which has received little consideration so far, is the promotion of a successful balance between work and personal life. The aim of this study was to investigate employees' negative and positive work-home interaction and their association with depressive symptoms. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in the micro- and nanotechnology sector in Germany. A stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using data from N = 213 employees. RESULTS The results suggest that while negative work-home interaction is associated with an increased risk for depressive symptoms, positive work-home interaction is correlated with a lower risk. Neither positive nor negative interaction in the home-to-work direction demonstrated a significant association with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION When attempting to prevent mental illnesses, such as depression, it is important to develop strategies aimed at reducing conflict between work and personal life and promoting a positive exchange between these two domains.
Job insecurity, work-family imbalance, and hostile work environment: prevalence data from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey.

BACKGROUND Little nationally representative information on job insecurity, work-family imbalance, and hostile work environments experienced by workers in the US is available. METHODS Prevalence rates from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were calculated for three workplace psychosocial factors (job insecurity, work-family imbalance, bullying/harassment) using SUDAAN to account for the complex NHIS sample design. RESULTS Data were available for 17,524 adults who worked in the 12 months that preceded the interview. Overall prevalence rates were 31.7% for job insecurity, 16.3% for work-family imbalance, and 7.8% for hostile work environment (being bullied or harassed). The highest prevalence rate of job insecurity was found for construction and extraction occupations. Workers in legal occupations had the highest prevalence rate of work-family imbalance. Workers in protective service occupations had the highest prevalence rate of hostile work environment. CONCLUSIONS We identified demographic characteristics along with industries and occupations with the highest prevalence rates for three adverse workplace psychosocial factors. These data can be used for benchmarking and identification of targets for investigation and intervention activities.
Power and resistance in the implementation of a medical management information system

Abstract. This paper presents an analysis of the implementation of a large information system in a New Zealand hospital. The system was intended to monitor and scrutinize clinical activity, and management hoped to influence clinical behaviour through the increased visibility afforded by the system. However, doctors were not the passive subjects of a computerized control system, and some were able to resist the application of the information produced by challenging its validity or using it to argue for more resources. Nevertheless, the interrelatedness of the information system with the organizational forms and practices within which it was used and which it helped shape reinforced the concepts, norms and values associated with the new management and economic discourse prevalent in the hospital, and helped to produce more defined accountabilities for doctors. With time, the role of the information system was reinterpreted, and in the face of continued resistance by doctors, it was relegated to a less significant role. The potential for engendering self‐disciplining behaviour in organizational participants through the pervasive, everyday use of the information the system produced likewise diminished.
Pengaruh Struktur Audit, Komitmen Organisasi Konflik Peran dan Efektivitas Penggunaan Teknologi Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Terhadap Kinerja Auditor.

This study analyzed the influence of audit structure, organizational commitment, role conflict, and effectiveness of using accounting information systems technology to auditor performance. Respondents in this study consisted of auditors working in CPA firms. It’s about 94 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents, meanwhile 79 questionnaires that returned and can be processed. It used simple random sampling method to determining the sample. It was examined by multiple regression analysis using SPSS 17.0 program. The results of this study indicate that organizational commitment, role conflict, and effectiveness of using accounting information systems technology affect to auditor performance, where as audit structure does not affect.
The Influence of Stilbestrol on Skin Tumors Induced in Mice with Tobacco Tar and Methylcholanthrene

Experiments were carried out on 400 Swiss female mice to determine the effect of continuous, long-term absorption of stilbestrol on the incidence of skin tumors induced with 3-methylcholanthrene and the neutral fraction of tobacco tar. The incidence of carcinoma in the methylcholanthrene-plus-stilbestrol group was 39 per cent, whereas in the methylcholanthrene-only group the incidence was 17 per cent. Induction times in the two groups were similar. There was no enhancement of malignant tumor formation by stilbestrol among the animals painted with tobacco tar. After 15 months of application there were nine carcinomas among mice given tobacco tar only. Four papillomas occurred in the tobacco tar-plus-stilbestrol group. Keratoacanthomas were observed in several animals.
Perception and expectation gaps of information systems provider skills: the impact on user satisfaction

Abstract. Past research indicates that expectations play a crucial role in the final satisfaction of users of information systems (IS). This includes expectations regarding the skill levels exhibited by the providers of the IS services and products. Typically, the expectations are examined as gaps from perceived performance or as gaps from realistic expectations. The interaction of these gaps has not been thoroughly explored in past research, although recent theories anticipate both gaps are crucial in meeting the desires of the users. A matched pair sample of IS users and IS providers is used to collect data on expected skill levels and perceived delivery of the skills demanded. Gaps, both between these two stakeholder groups regarding expectations and within the user group regarding perceived delivery, are found to impact user satisfaction in a two‐way analysis. The results indicate that expectations should be managed to higher levels and commonly understood across the user and provider groups.
Researching people problems: some advice to a student

In any research project, many decisions have to be taken by the researcher, all of which influence the way the project is set up, the data collected and analysed, and the final results presented. Students are often unsure how to make these decisions and the purpose of this paper is to give them some advice. Research that includes people’s attitudes and behaviour is generally more complex and difficult to control than traditional scientific research in which experiments can take place in a laboratory environment. Many different approaches, tools and techniques are available and a student has to be aware of these and make a careful choice among them. His or her results will almost certainly be influenced by this choice.
Examining the integrated influence of fairness and quality on learners’ satisfaction and Web‐based learning continuance intention

Abstract. As with any other information system (IS), the success of Web‐based learning depends largely on user satisfaction and other factors that eventually increase users’ intentions to continue using the service (continuance intention). This research integrates the IS success model and fairness theory to construct a model for investigating the motivations behind learners’ intentions to continue using Web‐based learning. Our model theorizes that the three dimensions of quality (i.e. information, system and service) and the three dimensions of fairness (i.e. distributive, procedural and interactional) affect learners’ satisfaction. We also argue that satisfaction and the three dimensions of fairness will influence learners’ intention to continue using Web‐based learning. The hypothesized model is validated empirically using data collected from 289 learners of a Web‐based learning service. The results show that information quality, system quality, system use, distributive fairness and interactional fairness exhibit significant positive effects on satisfaction. Also, procedural fairness and satisfaction play significant roles in shaping learners’ intention to continue using Web‐based learning.
The beginnings of a new era: time to reflect on 17 years of the ISJ

Abstract. In this paper we reflect on the first 17 years of the Information Systems Journal (ISJ). The reflections are considered under three headings: origin of papers (authors, geographical period, gender and departments), research paradigms (positive/interpretive, qualitative/quantitative, non‐empirical/empirical, espoused theories and research method) and finally, topics. We find that throughout the period, the published papers evidenced a greater internationalization of the journal. On the other hand, some regions and countries are poorly represented. Another imbalance concerns the lack of practitioner papers along with an author‐gender imbalance. Qualitative research exceeds quantitative research by a factor of more than 2:1. Interestingly, papers classified as descriptive/conceptual/theoretical have been largely superseded in the period by those that have some empirical evidence to illustrate the points made. Sometimes it is argued that the discipline of information systems lacks theory and thinking pieces but the ISJ suggests that this is far from the truth. Further, our analysis has revealed around 250 topics discussed using many research methods to explain the phenomena. Depending on the point of view, this may show that the discipline either lacks focus or is exciting and pluralistic. We lean to the latter view, but others have argued for focusing on fewer topics and research methods.
Work-related injuries among union drywall carpenters in Washington State, 1989-2008.

BACKGROUND Drywall installers are at high-risk of work-related injury. Comprehensive descriptive epidemiology of injuries among drywall installers, particularly over time, is lacking. METHODS We identified worker-hours and reported and accepted workers' compensation (WC) claims for a 20-year (1989-2008) cohort of 24,830 Washington State union carpenters. Stratified by predominant type of work (drywall installation, other carpentry), work-related injury rates were examined over calendar time and by worker characteristics. Expert interviews provided contextual details. RESULTS Drywall installers' injury rates, higher than those of other carpenters, declined substantially over this period by 73.6%. Common injury mechanisms were struck by/against, overexertion and falls. Drywall material was considered a contributing factor in 19.7% of injuries. One-third of these drywall material-related injuries resulted in paid lost time, compared to 19.4% of injuries from other sources. Rates of injury were particularly high among workers with 2 to <4 years in the union. Notable declines over time in rates of overexertion injury in which drywall material was a contributing factor were still observed after controlling for secular temporal trends. Experts highlighted changes over the past 20 years that improved both work safety and, in some cases, production. CONCLUSIONS Declines in drywall installers' injury rates over time likely reflect, in part, enhanced workplace safety, including efforts to reduce overexertion hazards associated with handling drywall. Continued injury prevention efforts are needed, particularly for less tenured workers. Given the potential for under-reporting to WC, additional sources of health outcomes data may provide a more complete picture of workers' health.
Pride and prejudice : facilitating change in the attitudes of students toward gay men and lesbians

Issue addressed: As one of the most significant sites of homophobia is the school, a six week school based program designed to help students explore their attitudes to gays and lesbians was developed called 'Pride and Prejudice'. This paper reports on the initial data from the evaluation of this program. Methods: In order to evaluate the usefulness of the program, a group of year 10 students at a state secondary school participated in the Pride and Prejudice program. Students' attitudes to gay men and lesbians and their social connectedness, self esteem, attitudes to race and beliefs about gender roles were measured before and after their participation. Results: Attitudes held by students toward gay men and lesbians were significantly more positive after the program. The level of attendance during the program significantly predicted the change in attitudes toward gay men but not to lesbians. Conclusion: School based programs delivered to individual classes in which students are given the opportunity to explore their attitudes toward lesbians and gay men may be a useful part of a strategy to reduce homophobia. So what? : Health promoting schools now have a tool available for enabling students to reflect on their attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. It is hoped that school wide implementation of such a program will eventually lead to a reduction in the discrimination same sex attracted youth often experience.
Education Against HIV/AIDS

The sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) represent one of the major health problems worldwide today. The characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) demarcate the pandemic from the other communicable diseases, including the STDs. These include the rate of the virus spread, reaching epidemic proportions in some parts of the world, the magnitude of its infection and the inordinately long incubation period before symptoms development. These are in addition to the lack of curative therapy and lack of a preventive vaccine. Apart from its health and social implications, it has a huge burden on the affected patient, family and society. Thus, a global increasing attention is being paid to the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS. Furthermore, it is alarming for a global more coordinated education strategies against HIV/AIDS.
A job-exposure matrix for research and surveillance of occupational health and safety in Spanish workers: MatEmESp.

BACKGROUND In this study we describe a general-population job-exposure matrix (MatEmESp) for Spanish workers covering the period 1996-2005. METHODS The Finnish job-exposure matrix (FINJEM) provided the default value estimates for occupational exposure to chemical, physical and biological agents. These estimates were adapted to Spanish working conditions by local experts. Spanish surveys were used to obtain exposure estimates for ergonomic and psychosocial risk factors. Employment and socio-demographic conditions for Spanish workers were obtained from the Spanish National Statistics Institute. RESULTS MatEmESp provides a large amount of national and occupation-specific data on the major occupational exposures in Spain. As some examples, the data show that the most prevalent occupational hazards are repetitive movements and a lack of support from co-workers. In addition, 10% of the Spanish working population perform night shifts, and bricklayers and concrete workers are the job titles with the highest risk of exposure to quartz dust. CONCLUSIONS MatEmESp can be a useful tool for research and surveillance, and can help set priorities for occupational illness and injury prevention in Spain.
Griefing in virtual worlds: causes, casualties and coping strategies

A virtual world is a computer‐simulated three‐dimensional environment. They are increasingly being used for social and commercial interaction, in addition to their original use for game playing. This paper studies negative behaviour, or ‘griefing’, inside one virtual world through a series of observations and focus groups with users. Data were collected to identify griefing behaviours and their impact, examine why griefing happens and who the likely targets and perpetrators are, and suggest strategies for coping with it. Findings show that griefing behaviour is common. It is defined as unacceptable, persistent behaviour and is typically targeted at inexperienced residents by those with more knowledge of the virtual world. Community and individual coping strategies are identified and discussed.