Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of garlic on blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common health problems. Garlic (Allium sativum) has been the focus of serious clinical attention because of its beneficial effects on the reduction of serum blood glucose. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of garlic on serum glucose level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This 3-month randomized and double blind clinical trial was conducted on 60 new cases of type 2 diabetes referred to diabetes center of Kashan. The effect of garlic on their blood sugar and HbA1C. was assessed Thirty patients were given 2 tablets of garlic 3 times per day (each tablet containing 400 mg dry garlic powder and over 1000 m g Allicin) and 30 patients (controls) received vitamin B1 tablets. Both groups were given the same diet and exercise programs. Before and after the treatment fasting blood sugar (FBS) and gelycated hemoglobin were measured and analyzed with t-test, Results: The mean age in the garlic and control groups was 46.3 ± 3 and 45.7 ± 10 years, respectively. There was no significant difference in age, sex, and other diseases between the two groups. After 3 months, the garlic-treated group showed a significant reduction (49.5 mg/dl) in FBS (P Conclusion: Garlic significantly reduced FBS and HbA1C in type 2 diabetic patients. Hence, it may be a candidate drug in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
SERVICES FOR CHILDREN OF INCARCERATED PARENTS

“Services for Children of Incarcerated Parents” provides an overview of the history, design and outcomes of human service programs provided for children of prisoners in the United States. The article examines services based in correctional settings and services sited in the community, using examples from the core programs and projects conducted by the Center for Children of Incarcerated Parents from 1990 through 2010. An analysis of the utility of specific services to children and families, and the effectiveness of those services in improving child outcomes is provided.
Effet d’interaction entre stratégie régulatrice et structure de récompense de la situation : étude sur la performance au pénalty en handball

La présente étude est basée sur les théories du focus régulateur (Higgins, E.T. (1997). Beyond pleasure and pain. American Psychologist, 52, 1280–1300) et de la congruence régulatrice (Higgins, E.T. (2000). Making a good decision: Value from fit. American Psychologist, 55, 1217–1230 ; Higgins, E.T. (2005). Value from regulatory fit. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14, 209–213). Elle investigue l’effet d’interaction entre la stratégie régulatrice du système gardien-tireur et la structure de récompense sur la performance au pénalty en handball. L’échantillon est composé de 438 pénaltys, issus de 51 matchs du championnat de France masculin de 1re Division, saison 2017–2018. Les régressions logistiques montrent une tendance d’effet d’interaction entre la stratégie régulatrice et la structure de récompense, sur la performance (Wald test = 2,51 ; p = 0,09). Lorsque la structure de récompense et la stratégie utilisée sont congruentes pour le gardien de but et incongruentes pour le tireur, la réussite au pénalty est faible (OR = 0,71). En situation inverse, la réussite au pénalty est élevée (OR = 4,74). Ainsi, les résultats supportent la théorie de la congruence régulatrice, et la renforcent comme cadre de travail pour la compréhension et l’amélioration de la performance. Les implications pratiques de ces résultats sont présentées.
Pinterest as a Resource for Health Information on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Social Media Content Analysis

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore how Pinterest group pinboards are used to communicate health information on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Method A nonprobability census sampling method retrieved 399 pins from the 10 most followed COPD group pinboards. Pins were coded according to COPD information categories, visual communication tools, and sources of self-efficacy. Chi-square analyses explored whether COPD information categories varied by visual communication tools and sources of self-efficacy. Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon tests determined whether or not differences existed in the number of repins/likes of visual communication tools by COPD information categories. Results: Half of the pins included COPD self-management information (n = 214; 45.92%). Photographs of real people included more women than men (P = .032), more patients than providers (P = .001), and more self-management information than general COPD information (P = .021). Infographics were repinned (Mdn = 107.8; P = .03) and photographs of real people were liked (Mdn = 76.54; P = .04) more than other visual communication tools. Self-management pins incorporated verbal persuasion (P = .001) and social modeling (P = .001). Discussion: Pinterest may be a useful social networking website to disseminate COPD patient education targeted at women living with or at high risk for COPD. Translation to Health Education Practice: Health educators can refer female users of social media to Pinterest for literacy-sensitive information on COPD.
Radiologic Assessment of Liver Fibrosis – Present and Future

Liver fibrosis results from chronic damage to the liver in conjunction with the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including collagen, which is a characteristic of most types of chronic liver diseases (CLD) [1]. Hepatic fibrosis was historically thought to be a passive and irreversible process due to the collapse of the hepatic parenchyma and its substitution with a collagen-rich tissue [2, 3]. Currently, is recognised to be a dynamic process that can progress or regress over periods as short as months [4].
Use-effectiveness of the Creighton Model of NFP.

This article evaluates the use effectiveness of the Creighton model of the ovulation Method (OM) of natural family planning as a means of both achieving and avoiding pregnancy. The client population of the study were couples who entered the St. Francis Regional MedicalCenters Natural Family Planning Department Wichita Kansas from October 1 1980 to December 31 1982. All were taught OM using standardized teaching methodology developed by the Creighton University Natural Family Planning Education and Research Center Omaha Nebraska. Each couple was counseled on a 1 to 1 basis in follow-up sessions on a 2 4 6 8 12 24 36 and 52 weeks schedule. 376 couples use of the method was studied utilizing life table techniques for a total of 2364 couple-months. The method effectiveness to avoid pregnancy was 97.3 at the 6th ordinal month and 96.2 at the 12th ordinal month. The achieving related pregnancy rate was 19.9 at the 6th ordinal month and 28.0 at the 12th ordinal month. The discontinuation rate was 14.2 at the 6th and 16.9 at the 12th ordinal month. When the incidence of postpregnancy use or intention to use OM was evaluated for those who became pregnant during the study it was found that 65.8 returned or intended to return. The estimated continuation rate at the 12th ordinal month was 70. Of 112 couples who were asked the question "Is this a wanted or unwanted pregnancy"? 109 (90.8%) indicated that the pregnancy was wanted. For those who had an achieving related pregnancy the level of satisfaction was very high. Less satisfaction was exhibited for those who had an avoiding related or unresolved pregnancy. Socioeconomic characteristics of acceptors are given in table form.
Enhancing the Conceptual, Procedural and Flexible Procedural Knowledge of Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers in Algebra

The study investigated the effects of Solve-Reflect-Pose Strategy (SRP) on pre-service mathematics teachers’ algebraic knowledge for teaching in Nigeria. A pre-test-post-test quasi experimental design was employed. Intact classes were used and in all, 182 pre-service mathematics teachers’ participated in the study (92 in the experimental group taught with the SRP and 90 in the control group taught using the Modified Conventional Method (MCM). One research instrument manipulated at three levels namely: Conceptual Knowledge Test (CKT), Procedural Knowledge Test (PKT) and Flexible Procedural Knowledge Test (FPKT), was used for the quantitative data and interview protocol for qualitative data. The two research questions formulated were analysed using descriptive statistics while independent sample t-test was used to analyse the two hypotheses. Results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the mean post-test achievement scores on conceptual knowledge test, procedural knowledge test and flexible procedural knowledge test between pre-service teachers exposed to the SRP and those exposed to the MCM, all in favour of the SRP group. Based on the results, SRP should be adopted as an instructional strategy and efforts should be made to integrate the philosophy of SRP into the pre-service teachers’ curriculum at the teacher-preparation institutions.
Cortisol and the polycystic ovary syndrome

Adrenal steroidogenesis is under the control of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Furthermore, metabolic factors including insulin and obesity-related signals may play a role in the regulation of both enzymes involved in the steroidogenetic pathways, as well as in the regulation of the HPA axis. In women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), cortisol production rate is probably normal, although adrenal androgens can be overproduced in a subset of affected women. Cortisol metabolism and regeneration from inactive glucocorticoids can also be disrupted in PCOS, thereby contributing to determining an adrenal hyperandrogenic state. Finally, overactivity of the HPA axis may be related to the high prevalence of psychopathological and eating disorders in women with PCOS, implying a maladaptive allostatic load in the adaptive mechanisms to chronic stress exposure.
the use of fitbit technology among rural obese adolescents

Mobile health technology can lead to effective behavior changes in adults, however, there is little data on the impact of this technology in teenagers or in rural areas. This study assessed qualitative and quantitative aspects of FitBit use among rural obese teens. Teens living in rural areas with a body mass index greater than 95% for age were included. Subjects completed a health assessment, received standardized counseling, were provided a FitBit, and were assessed at 3 and 6 months. 24 of 34 subjects completed the study. 46% lost weight during the 3-month intervention, 46% gained weight, and 8% did not change. There was a statistically significant decrease in FitBit usage over time. The use of social networking with FitBit had no impact on weight or daily step counts. While most subjects reported satisfaction with FitBit, quantitative data did not significantly improve, and the excitement of this technology was short-lived.
Antidepressant effects of Aloe vera hydroalcoholic extract

The antidepressant effects of aloe vera hydro alcoholic extract at different concentrations were compared with the fluoxetine-treated and the control groups of mice using forced - swimming, FST and open box, OFT tests. The mice were evaluated in five groups (control, taking aloe vera at the dosage levels of 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, and 450 mg/kg, and finally fluoxetine at a dose of 10 mg/kg) by the FST and OFT tests on 1 st , 7 th , and 14 th days. The results of the OFT test showed no significant differences between these five groups . The results of FST test indicate the antidepressant effects of aloe vera even at low doses and it was found that the effect of fluoxetine at a dose of 10 mg/kg was equivalent to the effect of aloe vera at a dose of 150 mg/kg for the reduction in immobility time in mice in FST test. According to the results obtained from FST test, the antidepressant effects on mice treated with the 450 mg/kg dose of aloe vera showed better recovery as compared with other groups on 1 st , 7 th , and 14 th days. With regard to the experiments performed at different times , all the evidence pointed to the conclusion that the antidepressant effect of aloe vera was more than the control group. Based on the results of the OFT and FST tests, aloe vera extract at different doses , has favorable antidepressant effects on mice as compared to the fluoxetine-treated and the control groups and the better effects were seen by increasing the dose and duration of drug use.
P53 Expression in Prostatic Cancer: An Immunohistochemical Study

Abstract Background: Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men and the second leading cause of cancer death in the Western world. P53 alterations are the most frequent genetic changes in human cancers. Mutation of the p53 gene has been implicated in the development of >50% of all human cancers. Objective: The current study aims at evaluating the immuno-histochemical expression of p53 protein in patients with cancer of prostate, as prognostic parameter in correlation with other parameters including PSA receptors, and to correlate the results with those of other studies. Patients and Methods: Fifty two cases of prostate carcinoma in which the PSA receptor status was previously tested by immuno-histochemical staining, were included in this retrospective study. The prostate carcinoma specimens include16 cases were obtained from needle biopsies, 34 cases were from Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP), and 2 were obtained from open prostatectomy specimens. The blocks of these cases were collected from Al-Jumhuri Teaching hospital in the western side of Mosul City, northern Iraq, and from some private laboratories, during the period extending from 7th April 2010 to 7th June 2010. Sections from formalin fixed paraffin embedded biopsy blocks were taken on clean slides and stained with HE the findings were correlated with the age of the patients, Gleason score, tumor differentiation and the Prostatic Surface Antigen (PSA) receptor status. Results: P53 expression was detected in 15 cases of prostate carcinoma (29%). The patients age ranged from 41 -90 years, (mean=68.05±2.1 years). Most of them were in the 6th decade, P53 expression has a statistically significant relationship with patients' age (P value< 0.05). A statistically significant direct relationship was found between p53 expression and different Gleason scores of prostate carcinoma (P value < 0.01). It was highest in Gleason scores 9 and 10 (60%, 80%), respectively, while Gleason scores 3 and 5 failed to demonstrate positivity (0%). An inverse relationship was found between p53 expression and tumor differentiation, which was statistically significant (P value < 0.05). P53 had higher expression in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of prostate (48.2%). Positive expression of p53 was inversely significantly associated with positive monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies PSA receptors cases. Most of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies PSA receptors positive cases of prostate carcinoma (90.4%, 96.1%), respectively failed to show p53 expression positivity (76.6%, 72%), respectively, (P <0.01, <0.05), respectively. Conclusions: In conclusion, P53 expression has been found in 29% of prostate carcinoma in Mosul city. P53 expression is directly correlated with the age of the patients and Gleason score, while inversely correlated with tumor differentiation of prostate carcinoma. Also, this study revealed a significant inverse relationship between p53 expression and monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies PSA receptors status. (
Avaliação postural de nadadores e sua relação com o tipo de respiração

INTRODUCTION: Postural evaluation is important in any physical examination regarding both rehabilitation and prevention, with the possibility of acquiring conditions that will permit changing the inadequate or inefficient habits of any individual. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare between genders the postural changes of swimming athletes and to determine the association of these changes with type of breathing. METHODOLOGY: Sixty athletes participated in the study, all of them filling out a chart with data about sex, age, main swimming style, time of practice of the sport and predominant type of breathing. A Sony DSC-W 130 Cyber-ShotTM camera and a WT3510ATM tripod were used for postural evaluation. The data were analyzed in a descriptive manner and the association between variables was determined by the Fisher exact test using the SASTM 9 software. RESULTS: The crawl swimming style was the predominant one among the athletes, with men (49%) practicing unilateral breathing on the right and women (41%) on the left. Men (58%) presented more lumbar hyperlordosis and women (31%) right convex scoliosis (p = 0.01). there was an association between postural changes and type of breathing among males, with those who breathed on the right side having elevation of the left shoulder and convex scoliosis on the left (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: The results revealed that athletes who breathe unilaterally on the right have more postural alterations. However, in view of the scarcity of published studies on postural evaluation associated with type of breathing in swimmers, new studies are needed.
Effect of the chronically unstable ankle on knee joint position sense

Purpose: To determine whether subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI) suffer proprioceptive deficits (joint position sense) in the proximal joint (knee) of the injured ankle. Methods: Fourteen subjects with unilateral CAI and 14 healthy controls participated in this study. We tested knee joint position sense using an isokinetic dynamometer. Knee joint position testing was carried out at 30 ◦ ,4 5 ◦ and 70 ◦ knee flexion. The difference between perceived angle and actual angle was recorded as the error. Results: Mean value of error was statistically significant in subjects with CAI compared with control subjects (30 ◦ p< 0.001, 45 ◦ p< 0.023 and 70 ◦ p< 0.050). Mean error value at 30 ◦ was also statistically greater than mean error value at 70 ◦ ( p< 0.015). Conclusions: Changes in knee joint position sense in subjects with CAI suggest further emphasis on assessment of the joint proximal to the level of injury and subsequent planning of a rehabilitation program. Further research is required to determine the exact contributions to knee joint proprioception.
A clinico - epidemiological study of traumatic spine injuries in a rural tertiary care centre in India: Our experience

Introduction: Traumatic spinal cord injuries are on the rise. Spine injuries are one of the common causes of major morbidity and mortality. These are frequently related to high energy trauma like falls, road traffic accidents (RTAs) and assaults. Objectives: To analyse the clinico - epidemiological pattern of traumatic spinal cord injuries,common injury modes, presentations, age and gender distribution, level of injuries, pre-hospitalisation practices, severity of neurological deficits and treatment options. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 43 patients with traumatic spinalinjuries from Jan 2012 to June 2013. Data on epidemiology, mode of injury and presentation, level of spinal injury, severity of neurological deficits and the patient's knowledge about such injuries were analysed. Results: The most common mode of injury was fall from height followed by RTAs. Maximum injuries were to the cervical spine (55.8%), followed by thoracic (25.5%) lumbar (16.2%) and thoraco - lumbar injuries (2.3%). The average patient age was 40.2 years with a male to female ratio of 42 : 1. None of the patients received any prehospital treatment. Among thesewere 21 paraplegics (48.8%), 9 quadriplegics (20.9 %), 4 withquadriparesis (9.3%) and 9 with paraparesis. All patients were stabilised surgically. Mortality accounted to 23.25%. Conclusion: There is anemergent need to create awareness among the rural population regarding traumatic spinal injuries, preventive safety measures in the work field and safe driving practices to reduce the incidence and prevalence of these injuries. Pre hospital first aid, transportation and medical facilities should be improved and made accessible and affordable to the susceptible weaker population.
Effects of Imatinib mesylate (Glivec) on some circulating immunocytes in a group of Nigerians with Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia: a preliminary study

AIM Glivec is a selective inhibitor of the bcr/abl tyrosine kinase, deregulated expression of which is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Reports of tuberculosis and lymphopenia in CML patients on Glivec who are not exposed to mycobacterial infection and are HIV negative have suggested the possibility of immunosuppressive properties for Glivec; and hence the need to investigate its effects in Nigerian CML patients currently on the drug. METHODS Baseline complete blood count (CBC) and CD4+ T lymphocyte count of confirmed Ph+ CML patients were done pre-Glivec therapy and while on the drug. CBC was done using manual method, while absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) was calculated from the total WBC and the differential count for lymphocytes. CD4+ lymphocyte counts were done using Cyflow automatic cell counter. Glivec, at a dose of 400mg, was used for between 12 and 68 weeks before a repeat CBC and circulating CD4+ lymphocyte count were done. RESULTS Ten patients with a mean (±SD) age of 41.90 ± 8.034 years were investigated. The mean CD4+ lymphocyte count while on imatinib therapy (841.80 ± 373.57/µL) was significantly lower (p = 0.003) than the pre-therapy mean (1774.50 ± 1044.0/µL). There was also a significant reduction (p = 0.009) in the mean absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) from 20071.20 ± 17267.99/µL pre-therapy to 2696.60 ± 1587.69/µL post therapy. The reduction in circulating CD4+ lymphocytes correlated (r = +0.67, p = 0.35) with reduction in ALC. CONCLUSION Glivec appears to cause significant lymphopaenia. The clinical significance of this finding requires further study.
Blood Banking and Transfusion Medicine: Basic Principles and Practice

Evolution to the 21 st Century ABO and Related Antigens Rh Clinically Significant Antigens Other Antigens Platelet Antigens HLA and Granulycte Antigens Information to Blood Donors and Donation Informed Consent Lookback Investigations Product Recall/Withdrawal Quality Improvement/Control Component Preparation and Storage Infectious Disease Testing Packed RBCs and Related Products Fresh Frozen Plasma and Related Products Cryoprecipitate and Related Products Albumin, lvlg and Derivatives Platelets and Related Products Granulocytes Coagulation Factor Preparations Leukocyte Reduced Products Virus-Safe Products Irradiated Products Washed/Volume Reduced Products Blood Substitutes Alternative to Allogeneic Transfusion Red Blood Cell Transfusion and the Transfusion Trigger Transfusion in the Surgical Setting Transfusion of the Patient with Congenitally Coagulation Defects Transfusion of the Patient with Acquired Coagulation Defect Obstetric and Intrauterine Transfusion Transfusion of the Neonate and Pediatric Patient Transfusion of the Hemoglobinopathies Transfusion to Bone Marrow Transplant, Organ Transplant Recipient, and HIV+ Patients Transfusion of the Platelet Refactory Patient Transfusion of the Hemolytic Anemias Bone Marrow Transplantation Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Mononuclear Cell Preparations Complication of Cellular Therapy Acute Transfusion Reactions Delayed Febrile Transfusion Reactions Allergic Transfusion Reactions Other Non-Infectious Complication Immunomodulation 48a. Microchimerism and GVHD Hepatitis A, B, and other Non-A, Non-B, Non-C Viruses Hepatitis C HIV HTLV and Other Retroviruses Human Herpes Virus Infections Bacterial Infections Additional Infectious Complications Practical, Technical and Adverse Reaction Therapeutic Plasma Exchange Cytapheresi