Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
55 ADJUNCTIVE USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN PERIODONTAL THERAPY Periodontal

Periodontal diseases are infectious diseases with a mixed microbial aetiology and marked inflammatory response leading to destruction of underlying tissue. Periodontal therapy aims to eliminate pathogens associated with the disease and attain periodontal health. Periodontitis is generally treated by nonsurgical mechanical debridement and regular periodontal maintenance care. Periodontal surgery may be indicated for some patients to improve access to the root surface; however, mechanical debridement alone may not be helpful in all cases. ın such cases, adjunctive systemic antibiotic therapy remains the treatment of choice. ıt can reach microorganisms at the base of the deep periodontal pockets and furcation areas via serum, and also affects organisms residing within gingival epithelium and connective tissue. This review aims to provide an update on clinical issues regarding when and how to prescribe systemic antibiotics in periodontal therapy. The points discussed are the mode of antibiotic action, susceptible periodontal pathogens, antibiotic dosage, antibiotic use in treatment of periodontal disease, and mechanism of bacterial resistance to each antibiotic.
Epidemiology of Meniscal Injuries in U.S. High School Athletes from 2007/08 – 2012/13

Results—1,082 meniscal injuries were reported during 21,088,365 athlete-exposures for an overall injury rate of 5.1 per 100,000 athlete exposures. The overall rate of injury was higher in competition (11.9) than practice (2.7) (RR = 4.4; 95% CI, 3.9–5.0), and 12/19 sports showed significantly higher injury rates in competition compared to practice. Of all injuries, 68.0% occurred in boys, yet among the gender-comparable sports of soccer, basketball, track and field, lacrosse, and baseball/softball injury rates were higher for girls than boys (5.5 and 2.5, respectively, RR = 2.2; 95% CI, 1.8–2.7). Contact injury represented the most common mechanism (55.9%). Surgery was performed for the majority of injuries (63.8%), and 54.0% of athletes had associated intra-articular knee pathology.
The Relationship Between the Expansion Speed and Radial Speed of CMEs Confirmed Using Quadrature Observations of the 2011 February 15 CME

It is difficult to measure the true speed of Earth-directed CMEs from a coronagraph located along the Sun-Earth line because of the occulting disk. However, the expansion speed (the speed with which the CME appears to spread in the sky plane) can be measured by such a coronagraph. In order to convert the expansion speed to radial speed (which is important for space weather applications) one can use an empirical relationship between the two that assumes an average width for all CMEs. If we have the width information from quadrature observations, we can confirm the relationship between expansion and radial speeds derived by Gopalswamy et al. (2009a). The STEREO spacecraft were in qudrature with SOHO (STEREO-A ahead of Earth by 87o and STEREO-B 94o behind Earth) on 2011 February 15, when a fast Earth-directed CME occurred. The CME was observed as a halo by the Large-Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) on board SOHO. The sky-plane speed was measured by SOHO/LASCO as the expansion speed, while the radial speed was measured by STEREO-A and STEREO-B. In addition, STEREO-A and STEREO-B images provided the width of the CME, which is unknown from Earth view. From the SOHO and STEREO measurements, we confirm the relationship between the expansion speed (Vexp) and radial speed (Vrad) derived previously from geometrical considerations (Gopalswamy et al. 2009a): Vrad = 1/2 (1 + cot w)Vexp, where w is the half width of the CME. STEREO-B images of the CME, we found that CME had a full width of 76o, so w = 38o. This gives the relation as Vrad = 1.14 Vexp. From LASCO observations, we measured Vexp = 897 km/s, so we get the radial speed as 1023 km/s. Direct measurement of radial speed yields 945 km/s (STEREO-A) and 1058 km/s (STEREO-B). These numbers are different only by 7.6% and 3.4% (for STEREO-A and STEREO-B, respectively) from the computed value.
Interest and Learning Approaches as Discriminating Factors in the Performance of Senior Secondary School Students in Economics

The study utilized the ex-post facto research design to investigate how interest and learning approaches utilized in Economics discriminates the academic performance of students in the subject area. The population comprised senior secondary school two students in Ife Central Local Government of Osun State while the sample comprised 94 students in five secondary schools in the area. Three research instruments viz: Individual Interest Questionnaire (IIQ), Revised Two Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) and Economics Achievement Test (EAT) were used to collect appropriate data. The Discriminant Function Analysis was utilized to analyse data collected. Findings revealed a function with coefficients in order of magnitude as revealed by structure matrix as follows: Interest in Economics (1.06), Surface Approach (0.41) and Deep Approach (-1.14). None of coefficients was significant at 0.05 significance level. The function was maximized for: 47.1% of students who scored above 50% and 57.1% of those who scored below 50%. The conclusion that was reached was that adequate cognizance should be given to the improvement of the process of teaching the subject including assessment practices. Key words: Discriminant Function Analysis; Interest; Learning Approaches; Performance; Senior Secondary School.
Entrepreneurship Education and Career Intention: The Perks of Being a Woman Student

This paper explores the extent whether entrepreneurship education in its relation with female student’s experiences contribute to their career intention. This paper employed a qualitative study with semi-structured interviews on 75 respondents in Makassar State University, Indonesia. The findings show that despite the existing knowledge on entrepreneurship education is perceived as gendered, this study results shows the benefits as the female students in higher education, since the cultural and religious teaching in the patriarchal values settings are support them in crafting their career intention. This will bring such theoretical and practical implication. For theoretical implication, this research fills the gaps in existing research. Moreover, for practical implications, it is expected that the decision makers in higher education settings should be able to preserve the privileges of the women students in order to achieve the equality in education, to create potential pool of talents in entrepreneurship field, to encourage the emerge of start-up companies initiated by women and lastly to overcome the unemployment problem.
ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PLANT COMMUNITIES ALONG THE EDAPHIC AND TOPOGRAPHIC GRADIENTS OF BIHA VALLEY, DISTRICT SWAT, PAKISTAN

A study was conducted to explore the plant biodiversity and vegetation structure of Biha Valley, District Swat, Pakistan. On the basis of the physiognomy of the vegetation the study area was divided into 19 stands. Line transect (50 m) method was used to sample the phytosociological attributes of the study area. PCORD software (version 5) was used to recognize communities by two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and CANOCO software (version 5) for ordination analysis was done for detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to find variation directories of different plant species. Different life-form classes and leaf size spectra were recorded according to the Raunkiaer classification. The floristic composition of the area consists of 203 plant species belonging to 154 genera and 70 families. The biological spectrum of the area indicated that Therophytes was dominant with 46.60% among the life-classes, followed by Hemicryptophytes having 15.53%. Leaf spectra of study area revealed that Microphylls was dominant (41.26%) followed by Nanophylls (32.04%). Seven plant communities were recognized by TWINSPAN classification, which showed that species diversity decreased with altitude. Moreover, the result indicates the importance of soil organic matter in top soil layers for plant species distribution. The increases in soil nutrients (OM, P, N, and K), improvement in site conditions (community cover, depth of litter, depth of humus, soil water content) and decrease in soil bulk density indicated the natural habitat restoration following abandonment.
Fire and mechanical properties of a novel free-radically cured phenolic resin based on a methacrylate-functional novolac and of its blends with an unsaturated polyester resin

A novel phenolic novolac resin bearing methacrylate functional groups has been synthesized by reaction of the novolac with methacryloyl chloride. This resin has been mixed with styrene and cured (crosslinked) free-radically under the relatively low temperature conditions used to cure unsaturated polyester/styrene mixtures, i.e. there is no need to employ the high temperatures and pressures that are required to cure conventional phenolic resins. Homogeneous cured blends of the methacrylated novolac with unsaturated polyester and styrene have been prepared also. The cured methacrylated novolac, and its blends with unsaturated polyester, are rigid materials with good mechanical strength, and have glass transition temperatures, thermal stabilities and flame retardancies superior to those of cured unsaturated polyester alone.
Implications of income and educational disparities on disease occurrence in rural communities: Case study of the Amansie west district in Ghana

Many rural communities are saddled with major socio-economic developmental challenges which undermine efforts to accelerate rural development and poverty reduction processes. In rural Ghana, poverty emerges as a visible condition with manifold manifestations confronting opportunities to actualize the health related goals to be achieved by 2015. However, very little effort has been made to examine the impact of socio-economic indicators on the health situation of rural inhabitants relevant to inform policy making for appropriate poverty reduction strategies which can ultimately address the health needs of the rural communities. The paper was prepared from a study on the impact of poverty on the health of rural communities of Ghana, situational analysis of the Amansie West District of Ghana. It identifies inadequate household income and very low level of education of heads of rural household as the basic dimensions of poverty underpinning the multiple manifestations of deprivation in rural communities. The paper further examines how income and education inequalities account for the susceptibility of rural inhabitants in the study villages to highly prevalent diseases in rural Ghana. Thus, through qualitative and quantitative methodologies, the paper reveals why the poor rural inhabitants of Ghana are poorer in health
Strategic decision-making processes: the role of management and context

This paper investigates the relationship between the process of strategic decision-making and management and contextual factors. First, drawing on a sample of strategic decisions, it analyzes the process through which they are taken, into seven dimensions: comprehensiveness/rationality, financial reporting, rule formalization, hierarchical decentralization, lateral communication, politicization, problem-solving dissension. Second, these process dimensions are related to (1) decision-specific characteristics, both perceived characteristics and objective typologies of strategic decisions, (2) top management characteristics, and (3) contextual factors referring to external corporate environment and internal firm characteristics. Overall, the results support the view that strategic decision processes are shaped by a multiplicity of factors, in all these categories. But the most striking finding is that decision-specific characteristics appear to have the most important influence on the strategic decision-making process, as decisions with different decision-specific characteristics are handled through different processes. The evident dominance of decision-specific characteristics over management and contextual factors enriches the traditional ‘external control’ vs. ‘strategic choice’ debate in the area of strategic management. An interpretation of results is attempted and policy implications are derived. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Breastfeeding attitudes among adolescent mothers attending a nutrition breastfeeding support group

Objective: Breastfeeding is an ideal way of providing infant nutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of breastfeeding and nutrition education on breastfeeding attitudes using a support group model. Methods: Design: A descriptive comparative design was used to achieve the aim of this study. The study was conducted at a public school for pregnant and/or parenting young women located in a large metropolitan area. Participants: Pregnant or parenting female adolescents (n = 67) in 6th through 12th grade attending a nutrition breastfeeding support group. Instruments: Participants completed an evaluation survey and a breastfeeding questionnaire to assess the effectiveness of the support group and generate information on the group’s breastfeeding attitudes and nutrition knowledge. Results: Breastfeeding attitudes improved as more support group meetings were attended. Public embarrassment due to breastfeeding for new group members was reported at 27% and as more meetings were attended dropped to zero with a significant likelihood ratio of . 013. Breastfeeding attitude questions regarding never being able to give a bottle, being tired about hearing about breastfeeding, thinking breastfeeding is nasty, and hearing that breastfeeding is good all showed positive trends in breastfeeding attitudes. Conclusions: Attendance at a nutrition breastfeeding support group positively correlated to improved breastfeeding attitudes among adolescent mothers. Peer involvement in a support group environment is an effective intervention for improving breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes in the adolescent population.
Physiological quality of quinoa seeds submitted to different storage conditions

Quinoa has grown importance in the world due to the nutritional quality of its grains and crop adaptability to diverse climatic conditions. One problem that limits its cultivation is the reduced viability of seeds during storage and the information is rather scarce. This work aimed at evaluating the physiological quality of quinoa seeds along time when submitted at storage conditions and packaging. An entirely randomized experiment was conducted on factorial scheme 2 x 3 x 6 with four repetitions. The treatments consisted of 2 storage conditions: lab environment and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (B.O.D.) chamber set at 4±2°C and 90% relative humidity (RH); 3 package types: permeable, semipermeable and impermeable; and 6 evaluations: before storage (0), 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 days after storage. Seed viability was determined by the standard germination test while vigor by accelerated aging test, emergence in sand and emergence speed index. The use of impermeable packaging kept at low temperature maintained the physiological quality of seeds during 300 days of storage. The seeds kept in permeable or semi-permeable packaging under uncontrolled temperature and humidity conditions were viable only for 180 days. The permeable package using kraft paper was the least efficient to conserve physiological quality of quinoa seeds. It was demonstrated that quinoa seeds are rather sensitive to high temperature, loosing viability in short time.
Diet Composition of Horse Mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus Aleev, 1956 (Osteichthyes: Carangidae) in the Bulgarian Black Sea Waters

Present analysis was performed on samples of horse mackerel Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus Aleev, 1956 collected at monthly intervals (April - September 2007) off the Bulgarian Black Sea territorial waters. Stomach contents of 1042 specimens were analyzed. Of the total number of examined stomachs, 597 were empty (57.3%). This percentage varied significantly with season, the maximum number of empty stomachs was observed during spring (52.3%) and a minimum number observed during summer (32.4%). The mean weight of stomach contents increased significantly for fish larger than 16 cm TL, while the mean number of prey items significantly declined in the large –size classes. Mean weight of stomach contents and mean number of prey significantly increased in spring-summer period. The stomach content consisted of several major prey groups: Crustacea (Copepoda, Cladocera, Mysidacea, Ampipoda, Isopoda, Decapoda), Polychaeta and Pisces. Mysidacea were the most important ingested prey, especially in small and medium size classes. Sprattus sprattus phalericus L. and Engraulis encrasicholus ponticus L. , whose proportion increased in large size classes, were the most important food categories. Cladocera were food category with especially abundant in summer, while Amphipoda, Isopoda, Polychaeta and Decapoda were occasional foods. With fish growth, the proportion of planktonic organisms decreased, while that of fish increased. Feeding intensity varied throughout the year. The lowest feeding intensity was recorded in spring and the highest feeding intensity was recorded in summer.
RECYCLATION OF WASTE MICROPARTICLES IN INTERACTION WITH POLYMERIC MATRIX - MULTIPHASE COMPOSITE

A composite is a material consisting of two and more phases. The paper describes the composite system with the polymeric matrix - the epoxy resin filled with two various types of inorganic micro-particles based on the waste - Al 2O3 and the glass powder. The interaction of microparticles and the polymeric matrix creates resulting mechanical properties which are unwound from the percentage representation of the microparticles and their mutual relation. The paper deals with the possibility of the primary microparticles (raw materials) substitution by the secondary microparticles (waste). It comes to the material recyclation which should be preferred. As the experiment results show the inclusion of the microparticle fillers increased the wear resistance of 68 % at keeping the constant strength of overlapped bonds to the detriment of 37 % decrease of the tensile strength.
Attitudes Towards Conversion To Organic Production Systems: A Study Of Farmers In England

This report describes the attitudes of converting and conventional producers in England to organic production. In 2000, a telephone survey was conducted of farmers in three groups: those who were converting, those who had contacted OCIS but decided not to convert, and a random sample of conventional farmers. The majority of converting farmers gave concerns about agrochemicals and fears about the future profitability of conventional farming as their main reasons for going organic. Marketing was not seen as an obstacle to conversion. Conventional farmers thought that advice and information on organic production were easily obtained, but converting farmers did not agree, suggesting that there was a shortage of more advanced knowledge. Non-converters gave financial viability, environmental aspects and the Organic Farming Scheme as important factors in any future decision to convert.
Complimentary Tickets, Stock Liquidity, and Stock Prices: Evidence from Japan

This paper examines how complimentary ticket initiation affects stock liquidity and stock prices. Since complimentary tickets are relatively advantageous for small shareholders, it can be predicted that firms' announcements for initiating complimentary tickets increase in the number of small shareholders and stock liquidity. Using 172 sample of complimentary ticket initiation of Japanese firms, we identify that the number of shareholders increases and stock liquidity improves following the announcements of complimentary ticket initiation. We also find that the stock price increases in response to the announcement. There is a positive relationship between the magnitude of the stock price increase and the extent of improvement of stock liquidity.
COOLING AND HEATING FUNCTIONS OF PHOTOIONIZED GAS

Cooling and heating functions of cosmic gas are crucial ingredients for any study of gas dynamics and thermodynamics in the interstellar and intergalactic media. As such, they have been studied extensively in the past under the assumption of collisional ionization equilibrium. However, for a wide range of applications, the local radiation field introduces a non-negligible, often dominant, modification to the cooling and heating functions. In the most general case, these modifications cannot be described in simple terms and would require a detailed calculation with a large set of chemical species using a radiative transfer code (the well-known code Cloudy, for example). We show, however, that for a sufficiently general variation in the spectral shape and intensity of the incident radiation field, the cooling and heating functions can be approximated as depending only on several photoionization rates, which can be thought of as representative samples of the overall radiation field. This dependence is easy to tabulate and implement in cosmological or galactic-scale simulations, thus economically accounting for an important but rarely included factor in the evolution of cosmic gas. We also show a few examples where the radiation environment has a large effect, the most spectacular of which is a quasar that suppresses gas cooling in its host halo without any mechanical or non-radiative thermal feedback.
An Evaluative Study of the Freedom of Information Act on Journalism Practice in Nigeria

This study evaluates the Freedom of Information Act on Journalism practice in Nigeria. A case study of Journalists in Jalingo metropolis. The study employed the quantitative survey design. The population was made up of Journalists in Jalingo Metropolis which are about 293. The researchers employed Taro Yame’s formula to sample out 75 Journalists which formed the sample frame. Questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. Data gathered was presented thematically. Findings revealed that Journalists in Jalingo metropolis are fully aware of the Freedom of Information Act. The study also revealed that although FoIA can aid journalism practices towards fair, balance, accurate and objective reporting, it has not created access to government-held information for journalists in Taraba State. The study recommends that journalists should go beyond just being aware of the passage into law of the FoIA, but to be well acquainted with relevant provisions of the Act. Keywords: Freedom of Information Act, Journalims, Jalingo, Taraba State, Government