Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of cytologic parameters in acute myelogenous leukemia

The prognostic value of some current cytologic characteristics was assessed in 174 adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) treated according to the AML‐5 protocol of the EORTC Leukemia and Hematosarcomas Group. A significantly higher rate of complete remission (CR) was observed in patients with low bone‐marrow (BM) cellularity, with BM blasts less than 80%, and with Auer rod positive cells more than 2.5% of the total blast cell population. A leukocyte count of less than 50 × 109/1 in the peripheral blood was also associated with a higher CR rate. No significant difference was found between the various French‐American‐British (FAB) subtypes, in spite of a trend towards a lower CR rate in patients with an M1, myeloblastic, poorly differentiated, subtype. The leukocyte count and the percentage of Auer rod positive cells were the only significant parameters for duration of survival from the beginning of maintenance treatment. However these features had no prognostic value for the duration of remission. It seems therefore that patients with a higher percentage of Auer‐rod‐positive cells and lower peripheral leukocyte counts can enter remission more easily, and can also more readily achieve subsequent remissions following relapse. The prognostic value of these routine cytologic features is probably related to their relationship with proliferative activity and tumor burden: the percentage of Auer‐rod‐positive cells correlates inversely with the leukocyte count, whereas leukocyte count, BM cellularity, and percentage of BM blasts are linked together.
Normal brain development and aging: quantitative analysis at in vivo MR imaging in healthy volunteers.

PURPOSE To quantitate neuroanatomic parameters in healthy volunteers and to compare the values with normative values from postmortem studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Magnetic resonance (MR) images of 116 volunteers aged 19 months to 80 years were analyzed with semiautomated procedures validated by means of comparison with manual tracings. Volumes measured included intracranial space, whole brain, gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Results were compared with values from previous postmortem studies. RESULTS Whole brain and intracranial space grew by 25%-27% between early childhood (mean age, 26 months; age range, 19-33 months) and adolescence (mean age, 14 years; age range, 12-15 years); thereafter, whole-brain volume decreased such that volunteers (age range, 71-80 years) had volumes similar to those of young children. GM increased 13% from early to later (6-9 years) childhood. Thereafter, GM increased more slowly and reached a plateau in the 4th decade; it decreased by 13% in the oldest volunteers. The GM-WM ratio decreased exponentially from early childhood through the 4th decade; thereafter, it gradually declined. In vivo patterns of change in the intracranial space, whole brain, and GM-WM ratio agreed with published postmortem data. CONCLUSION MR images accurately depict normal patterns of age-related change in intracranial space, whole brain, GM, WM, and CSF. These quantitative MR imaging data can be used in research studies and clinical settings for the detection of abnormalities in fundamental neuroanatomic parameters.
Partial PTSD versus full PTSD: an empirical examination of associated impairment

Background. Partial PTSD, employed initially in relation to Vietnam veterans, has been recently extended to civilian victims of trauma. We examined the extent to which partial PTSD is distinguishable from full DSM-PTSD with respect to level of impairment. Method. A representative sample of 2181 persons was interviewed by telephone to record lifetime traumatic events and to assess DSM-IV PTSD criteria. Partial PTSD was defined as [ges ]1 symptom in each of three symptom groups (criteria B, C and D) and duration of [ges ]1 month. Impairment in persons with PTSD and partial PTSD was measured by number of work-related and personal disability days during the 30-day period when the respondent was most upset by the trauma. Results. Compared to exposed persons with neither PTSD nor partial PTSD, increment in work-loss days associated with PTSD was 11·4 (S.E.=0·6) days and with partial PTSD, 3·3 (S.E.=0·4) days (adjusted for sex, education and employment). Similar disparities were found across other impairment indicators. Persons who fell short of PTSD criteria by one symptom of avoidance and numbing reported an increment of 5·0 (S.E.=0·7) work-loss days, 6·0 fewer than full PTSD. PTSD was associated with excess impairment, controlling for number of symptoms. A significantly lower proportion of persons with partial PTSD than full PTSD experienced symptoms for more than 2 years. A lower proportion of persons with partial PTSD than full PTSD had an etiologic event of high magnitude. Conclusions. PTSD identifies the most severe trauma victims, who are markedly distinguishable from victims with subthreshold PTSD.
Effectiveness of different progesterone analogues and GnRH on reproductive parameters in nulliparous Saanen goats at the end of the transition period.

The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of diff erent estrus synchronization protocols on reproductive parameters in nulliparous Saanen goats at the end of the transition period. In this experiment, 71 nulliparous Saanen does were used and divided into four treatment groups as norgestomet implant plus GnRH (Imp-G), norgestomet implant (Imp), FGA sponge plus GnRH (Spo-G), and FGA sponge (Spo). The progestagen treatments were administered for 11 days. At progestagen withdrawal, all does were injected with 360 IU of eCG and 125 μg of PGF2α. At the end of the treatments, all the does were joined with fertile bucks. There were no significant diff erences (P>0.05) in reproductive parameters among the treatments groups. Does were in estrus within 29.2±0.36 h for all the treatments combined. It was concluded that, the use of norgestomet implants and FGA sponges in combination with eCG and PGF2α were eff ective for estrus response, onset of estrus, fecundity, prolificacy, and fertility in nulliparous Saanen does at an age of 7-9 months under local conditions at the end of the transition period also GnRH was found to be ineff ective in increasing the reproductive parameters.
Application of the Reassigned Joint Time-Frequency Transform to Wideband Scattering From Waveguide Cavities

The wideband return from a circular waveguide cavity is investigated in the joint time-frequency space using the reassigned joint time-frequency (RJTF) transform. Equations for generating the reassigned joint time-frequency distribution from a frequency domain signal are presented. The performance of the reassigned transform is compared with that of the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) based on data obtained from both simulation and measurement.
AN INSIDE REVIEW OF CISSAMPELOS PAREIRA LINN: A POTENTIAL MEDICINAL PLANT OF INDIA

Cissampelos pa reira which is commonly known as velvetleaf belongs to the family Menispermaceae. Numbers of species are available all over the wor ld but only one species is found in India. It is found in tropical and subtropical parts of India. This plant is a climbing s hrub with green leaves, orange to red drupe berries, horseshoe shaped seeds and brown to yellowish roots. Its aerial parts contain number of secondary plant metabolites like flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, volatile oils, glycosides. Our data describes phyt ochemical investigation and healthcare properties of Cissampelos pareira .
Association of poor childhood fear conditioning and adult crime.

OBJECTIVE Amygdala dysfunction is theorized to give rise to poor fear conditioning, which in turn predisposes to crime, but it is not known whether poor conditioning precedes criminal offending. This study prospectively assessed whether poor fear conditioning early in life predisposes to adult crime in a large cohort. METHOD Electrodermal fear conditioning was assessed in a cohort of 1,795 children at age 3, and registration for criminal offending was ascertained at age 23. In a case-control design, 137 cohort members with a criminal record were matched on gender, ethnicity, and social adversity with 274 noncriminal comparison members. Statistical analyses compared childhood fear conditioning for the two groups. RESULTS Criminal offenders showed significantly reduced electrodermal fear conditioning at age 3 compared to matched comparison subjects. CONCLUSIONS Poor fear conditioning at age 3 predisposes to crime at age 23. Poor fear conditioning early in life implicates amygdala and ventral prefrontal cortex dysfunction and a lack of fear of socializing punishments in children who grow up to become criminals. These findings are consistent with a neurodevelopmental contribution to crime causation.
Cortical dynamics of speech perception in adverse listening conditions

Aalto University, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 Aalto www.aalto. fi Author Ismo Miettinen Name of the doctoral dissertation Cortical dynamics of speech perception in adverse listening conditions Publisher School of Science Unit Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering Series Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 67/2015 Field of research Cognitive neuroscience Manuscript submitted 16 December 2014 Date of the defence 12 June 2015 Permission to publish granted (date) 3 February 2015 Language English Monograph Article dissertation (summary + original articles)
The initiation of the decidual cell reaction in the uterus of the aged mouse.

Groups of old and young mice were ovariectomized and injected with hormones on a schedule to mimic the endocrine conditions of pregnancy. An artificial decidual stimulus, either trauma or the intraluminal injection of arachis oil, was applied to the left horn of the uterus and the decidual response assessed. Following trauma, the uteri of the old mice produced significantly smaller deciduomata than those produced in the young mice. After the injection of oil there was no decidual response in the old mice, whereas in the young mice there was a good reaction in seven out of eleven animals. It is concluded that the ability to form decidual tissue is considerably reduced in old mice, and it is suggested that this may be a significant factor in the senile reduction of litter size.
Protection of human upper respiratory tract cell lines against sulphur mustard toxicity by hexamethylenetetramine (HMT)

1. Sulphur mustard (`mustard gas', HD) is a highly toxic chemical warfare agent which affects the skin and respiratory tract. The primary targets of inhaled HD are the epithelia of the upper respiratory tract. Hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) has been shown to protect human lung cells against HD toxicity and has also been shown to be effective in vivo against the chemical warfare agent phosgene. The ability of HMT to protect against the toxicity of HD was investigated in the human upper respiratory tract cell lines BEAS-2B and RPMI 2650. 2. HD was highly toxic to both cell lines, with LC50 values of 15 - 30 mM. HMT, at a concentration of 10 mM, was shown to protect the cell lines against the toxic effects of 20 mM and 40 mM HD. Results demonstrated that it was necessary for HMT to be in situ at the time of exposure to HD for effective cytoprotection. No protection was seen when cells were treated with HMT following exposure to HD, or where HMT was removed prior to HD exposure. 3. Results suggest that HMT may be effective prophylaxis for exposure to HD by inhalation.
Why we are not using condoms regularly ? A qualitative study among men who have sex with men in Northern India

The high risk groups such as men who have sex with men (MSM), Female sex workers (FSW) and Injectable drug users (IDU) are the main drivers of the HIV epidemic in India. The condom has been recognized as an important component of comprehensive preventive strategy to halt the epidemic of HIV/AIDS. The consistent condom use during paid sex with a male partner varied from 35% to 54%. A qualitative study was conducted among the Men who have Sex with Men (MSMs) registered with the Non Governmental Organization in Delhi to determine factors associated with inconsistent condom use among MSMs. The ethics committee of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, reviewed the study. The results of the study showed that non-availability of condom, the quality of free of cost available condom, poor knowledge of prevention of HIV/AIDS were the major reason for inconsistent condom use. Stronger policy intervention is required to deal with the issues highlighted in the current study. Condoms should be made available in each and every shop. Educational campaigns should be revamped and targeted at important sites identified.
Modern Anesthesia Techniques for Total Joint Arthroplasty : from Blood Preservation to Modern Pain Control

Due to the rich vasculature of the hip and knee joints, total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have an inherent risk of substantial intraand peri-operative blood loss. Effective hemostasis is therefore imperative during the course of the procedure to prevent numerous potential complications. It is well reported that postoperative anemia is of significant concern to surgeons given the increased morbidity, length of hospital stay, and mortality associated with it [1]. With regards to the hip, reports have stated that primary THA averages 1000 to 2000 mL of intraoperative blood loss, and transfusion requirements have ranged from 3% to 50% [2-5]. Some reports have stated a rate of one serious homologous blood transfusion-related complication for every 67,000 transfused [6]. Consequent concerns about safety of allogeneic blood transfusions after intraand postoperative blood loss from total hip and knee arthroplasty procedures have led to a generalized increase in efforts to develop techniques aimed at decreasing blood loss. Such techniques include autologous donation and transfusion, perioperative blood salvage, controlled hypotension, fibrin sealants on exposed bone and soft tissue surfaces, antifibrinolytic treatment, erythropoietin therapy, intraoperative cell savers, hemodilution, pharmacological devices, and bipolar sealers [7,8]. Secure hemostasis is valuable during any surgery to prevent both local and systemic morbidity as well as mortality. Bipolar sealers can be used intraoperatively to control active bleeding with spot coagulation of vessels in an effort to both decrease blood loss and improve surgeon visualization, and can additionally be used to pre-treat areas that will likely bleed in the course of the operation [7,9]. The device in this manner can broadly ‘paint’ over surfaces that may bleed after closure of soft tissues [10]. Some of the proposed advantages of electrothermal bipolar vessel sealers include diminished thermal injuries, reduced charring, decreased tissue necrosis, reduced time of operation, ease of visualization of vessels being sealed, no systemic morbidity risks (as may be seen with certain pharmacologic strategies), and the absence of foreign material left at the surgical site. However, the disadvantages include the
Islet Cell and Other Organ‐specific Autoantibodies in Healthy First‐degree Relatives to Insulin‐dependent

ABSTRACT. The presence of organ‐specific autoantibodies including islet cell surface, cytoplasmic and cytotoxic as well as thyroid‐gastric antibodies were determined in healthy, non‐diabetic, first‐degree relatives to 30 insulin‐dependent diabetic (IDDM) children. Thirty healthy families without family‐history of diabetes mellitus served as controls. The prevalence of organ‐specific autoantibodies among the healthy members in the diabetic families was increased compared to the control families (p<0.005). Islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies were only detected in diabetes families, since 23% (7/30) of the probands and 7% (2/31) of the siblings were positive and all others negative. Organ‐specific autoantibodies were associated with HLA DR3 only in the diabetes families (p<0.025) while autoantibody positive members in the control families were associated with HLA B7 (p<0.01). This study suggests that childhood IDDM occurs in families with an increased prevalence of organ‐specific autoantibodies.
Spectral density enhancement using coherent WDM

It is shown by numerical simulations that a significant increase in the spectral density of a 40-Gb/s wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) system can be obtained by controlling the phase of adjacent WDM channels. These simulations are confirmed experimentally at 40 Gb/s using a coherent comb source. This technique allows the spectral density of a nonreturn-to-zero WDM system to be increased from 0.4 to 1 b/s/Hz in a single polarization. Optical filter optimization is required to minimize power crosstalk, and appropriate strategies are discussed in this letter.
Crystal orientation dependent etching in RIE and its application

We found that an appropriate mixture of SF6, C4F8 and O2 gases in a standard Inductively Coupled Plasma Reactive Ion Etching (ICP-RIE) apparatus achieves crystal orientation dependent etching. The etched shapes after the RIE of silicon wafers with (100), (110), and (111) surface orientation are investigated by the masks with circular openings and isolated pattern. The results of the etching process show (111) terraces; i.e., the etching rate of the (111) plane is slower than that of other planes similar to the alkaline-based wet etching. The etching rate in the horizontal direction in each crystallographic orientation is examined by etching a wagon wheel pattern. We also demonstrate an application, Through-Silicon Via (TSV) holes with horn-shaped openings using this process.
A Mechanism for the Response of the Zonally Asymmetric Subtropical Hydrologic Cycle to Global Warming

AbstractTime-mean, zonally asymmetric circulations (hereafter referred to as stationary circulations) maintain intense hydrologic contrasts in Earth’s subtropics in the present climate, especially between monsoon regions and deserts during local summer. Such zonal contrasts in hydrology generally increase in comprehensive GCM simulations of a warming climate, yet a full understanding of stationary circulations and their contribution to the hydrologic cycle in present and future climates is lacking. This study uses an idealized moist GCM to investigate the response of subtropical stationary circulations to global warming. Stationary circulations are forced by a prescribed subtropical surface heat source, and atmospheric infrared opacity is varied to produce a wide range of climates with global-mean surface temperatures between 267 and 319 K. The strength of stationary circulations varies nonmonotonically with global mean temperature in these simulations. Zonal asymmetries in precipitation increase with tem.
Determining the effectiveness of optimal time-varying hedge ratios for cattle feeders under multiproduct and single commodity settings

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to determine and contrast the risk mitigating effectiveness from optimal multiproduct time-varying hedge ratios, applied to the margin of a cattle feedlot operation, over single commodity time-varying and naive hedge ratios. Design/methodology/approach - – A parsimonious regime-switching dynamic correlations (RSDC) model is estimated in two-stages, where the dynamic correlations among prices of numerous commodities vary proportionally between two different regimes/levels. This property simplifies estimation methods for a large number of parameters involved. Findings - – There is significant evidence that resulting simultaneous correlations among the prices (spot and futures) for each commodity attain different levels along the time-series. Second, for in and out-of-sample data there is a substantial reduction in the operation's margin variance provided from both multiproduct and single time-varying optimal hedge ratios over naive hedge ratios. Lastly, risk mitigation is attained at a lower cost given that average optimal multiproduct and single time-varying hedge ratios obtained for corn, feeder cattle and live cattle are significantly below the naive full hedge ratio. Research limitations/implications - – The application studied is limited in that once a hedge position has been set at a particular period, it is not possible to modify or update at a subsequent period. Practical implications - – Agricultural producers, specifically cattle feeders, may profit from a tool using improved techniques to determine hedge ratios by considering a larger amount of up-to-date information. Moreover, these agents may apply hedge ratios significantly lower than one and thus mitigate risk at lower costs. Originality/value - – Feedlot operators will benefit from the potential implementation of this parsimonious RSDC model for their hedging operations, as it provides average optimal hedge ratios significantly lower than one and sizeable advantages in margin risk mitigation.
A New Real Time Lyapunov Based Controller for Power Quality Improvement in Unified Power Flow Controllers Using Direct Matrix Converters

This paper proposes a Direct Matrix Converter operating as a Unified Power Flow Controller (DMC-UPFC) with an advanced control method for UPFC, based on the Lyapunov direct method, presenting good results in power quality assessment. This control method is used for real-time calculation of the appropriate matrix switching state, determining which switching state should be applied in the following sampling period. The control strategy takes into account active and reactive power flow references to choose the vector converter closest to the optimum. Theoretical principles for this new real-time vector modulation and control applied to the DMC-UPFC with input filter are established. The method needs DMC-UPFC dynamic equations to be solved just once in each control cycle, to find the required optimum vector, in contrast to similar control methods that need 27 vector estimations per control cycle. The designed controller’s performance was evaluated using Matlab/Simulink software. Controllers were also implemented using a digital signal processing (DSP) system and matrix hardware. Simulation and experimental results show decoupled transmission line active (P) and reactive (Q) power control with zero theoretical error tracking and fast response. Output currents and voltages show small ripple and low harmonic content.
Islamic Mobilization: Social Movement Theory and the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood

This article examines the emergence and growth of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt from the 1930s through the 1950s. It begins by outlining and empirically evaluating possible explanations for the organization's growth based on (1) theories of political Islam and (2) the concept of political opportunity structure in social movement theory. An extension of these approaches is suggested based on data from organizational documents and declassified U.S. State Department files from the period. The successful mobilization of the Muslim Brotherhood was possible because of the way in which its Islamic message was tied to its organizational structure, activities, and strategies and the everyday lives of Egyptians. The analysis suggests that ideas are integrated into social movements in more ways than the concept of framing allows. It also expands our understanding of how organizations can arise in highly repressive environments.