Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anchoring Schoolwide Positive Behavior Support in Structural School Reform

Schoolwide positive behavior support (SWPBS) exemplifies a longitudinal research program originating in the fields of special education and school psychology that has produced an extensive national database encompassing an evidence-based set of practices applicable to general education as well as special education students including those with severe disabilities. Schoolwide applications of evidence-based practices, however, are at some risk of falling victim to the ongoing bifurcation of education into the general and special education parallel and often noninteractive, professional systems of instruction. One potential solution to bifurcated practice is to embed (or contextualize) SWPBS in a broader, universal school reform agenda that coordinates and evaluates all educational intervention services and supports for the benefit of all students. A structural school reform process called the Schoolwide Applications Model (SAM) is described, which includes SWPBS as 1 of 15 critical features. Results from a 3-year, ongoing research project in a low-income, multicultural, urban school district in Northern California suggests that SWPBS, with its three levels of student support, guided by teams of general as well as special educators, can be an important contributor to academic as well as social achievement among students with and without disabilities and, as grounded within systematic school reform, can help to mitigate against the bifurcation of general and special education practices.
Fatigue crack propagation along polymer-metal interfaces in microelectronic packages

In this study, a fracture mechanics-based technique was used for characterizing fatigue crack propagation (FCP) at polymer-metal interfaces. Sandwich double-cantilever beam (DCB) specimens were fabricated using nickel and copper-coated copper substrates bonded with a thin layer of silica-filled polymer encapsulant. Under cyclic loading, crack propagation was found to occur at the polymer-metal interface. The interfacial failure mode was verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the fatigue fracture surfaces. The crack growth rate was found to have a power-law dependence on the strain energy release rate range, and exhibited a crack growth threshold, much like the fatigue crack growth threshold stress intensity factor range for monolithic bulk metals, polymers, and ceramics. Interfacial FCP data for three candidate encapsulants predicted cracking resistances that were well correlated with package-level reliability tests. By varying the surface roughness of the copper and nickel plating, it was shown that interfacial FCP resistance increased with increasing roughness. The observed increases in FCP resistance were attributed to a reduction in the effective driving force for fatigue fracture along the rougher interfaces, and could be accounted for by a crack-deflection model.
PRIVATE SAVING DETERMINANTS IN BAHRAIN

The study aims at determining the main factors that affect private saving in kingdom of Bahrain during the period (1990-2013). The framework for our analysis is derived from the life-cycle model that has been the standard theory for the explanation of changes in private savings over time and across countries. The findings support the hypothesis that the private saving rates have strong inertia, while government saving does not tend to crowd out private saving and the Ricardian equivalence does not hold. Growth of per capita real income has a positive impact on the private saving rate, while there is negative impact of current account deficit, Terms of Trade and dummy variables on private saving rate, while average tariff rate, exchange rate and demographic variables are statistically insignificant. The study recommends that the focus of development policy in Bahrain should be to increase the productive base of the economy in order to promote real income growth and reduce unemployment, also, because public and private saving rates are complementary, government should therefore no longer embark on spending sprees under the pretext that saving excess revenue would crowd out private saving.
Neighbourhood Change... Reason to Leave?

Little attention has been paid to date to the role of a changing neighbourhood as a factor influencing the residential choice process. Processes of neighbourhood change are often beyond residents’ sphere of influence and if a changing neighbourhood causes residential stress, the only way to improve one’s neighbourhood is to move to a better one. This study aims to get more insight into the effect of neighbourhood change on residential stress by studying residents’ wish to leave their neighbourhood. Using data from The Netherlands, we show that there is no effect of a change in the socioeconomic status of the neighbourhood on moving wishes. A high level of population turnover and an increase in the proportion of non-Western ethnic minorities in the neighbourhood increase the probability that residents want to leave their neighbourhood. The latter effect disappears when controlled for residents’ subjective opinion about neighbourhood change.
Predicting Entrepreneurial Burnout in a Moderated Mediated Model of Job Fit

We introduce, and empirically test, a model of entrepreneurial burnout that highlights the relationships among job fit, entrepreneurial passion, destiny beliefs, and burnout. Using a sample of 326 individuals involved in entrepreneurial jobs, we tested the link between job fit and two forms of passion—harmonious and obsessive—and the moderating role of entrepreneurs' destiny beliefs about work (i.e., the belief that a successful career is “meant to be”). Findings illustrated that their job fit perceptions were positively related to harmonious passion, which in turn negatively predicted burnout. Additionally, the relationship between job fit and obsessive passion was moderated by destiny beliefs, such that it was positive at high and average levels of destiny beliefs. In turn, obsessive passion was positively related to burnout. We discuss implications for both theory and practice.
Uniqueness in the Cauchy problem for parabolic equations

In a classical paper S. Tacklind (Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsaliensis (4) 10 (1936), 1-57) closed the uniqueness question for the Cauchy problem for the heat equation with a general growth hypothesis which was both necessary and sufficient. Tacklind's proof of the sufficiency involved an ingenious bootstrapping comparison technique employing the maximum principle and a comparison function constructed from the Green's function for a half cylinder. G. N. Zolotarev (Izv. Vyss. Ucebn. Zaved. Matematika 2 (1958), 118-135) has extended this result using essentially the same technique to show that Tacklind's uniqueness condition remains sufficient for a general second order parabolic equation provided the coefficients are regular enough to permit the existence and estimation of a Green's function. We have now shown, using a new approach which replaces the construction based upon a Green's function by an appropriate comparison solution of the maximizing equation (C. Pucci, Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. 72 (1966), 141-170), that Tacklind's condition is sufficient without any regularity conditions on the coefficients.
An Efficient Differential Box-Counting Approach to Compute Fractal Dimension of Image

Fractal dimension is an interesting feature proposed to characterize roughness and self-similarity in a picture. This feature has been used in texture segmentation and classification, shape analysis and other problems. An efficient differential box-counting approach to estimate fractal dimension is proposed in this note. By comparison with four other methods, it has been shown that the authors, method is both efficient and accurate. Practical results on artificial and natural textured images are presented. >
Application of TopoFlow, a spatially distributed hydrological model, to the Imnavait Creek watershed, Alaska

[1] This study presents the application of the hydrological model TopoFlow to the Imnavait Creek watershed, Alaska, United States. It summarizes the hydrologically important processes in this arctic basin, and focuses on the modeling of the hydrological processes in 2001. The model is evaluated for its capability to reproduce the different components of the hydrological cycle. Model simulations are done for different climate change scenarios to evaluate the impacts on the hydrology. Imnavait Creek (∼2 km2) is underlain by continuous permafrost, and two features characterize the channel network: The stream is beaded, and numerous water tracks are distributed along the hillslopes. These facts, together with the constraint of the subsurface system to the shallow active layer, strongly influence the runoff response to rain or snowmelt. Climatic conditions vary greatly during the course of the year, providing a good testing of model capabilities. Simulation results indicate that the model performs quantitatively well. The different components of the water cycle are represented in the model, with refinements possible in the small-scale, short-term reproduction of storage-related processes, such as the beaded stream system, the spatial variability of the active layer depth, and the complex soil moisture distribution. The simulation of snow melt discharge could be improved by incorporating an algorithm for the snow-damming process.
The response of precipitation characteristics to global warming from global 
and regional climate projections

Abstract. We revisit the issue of the response of the precipitation characteristics to global warming based on analyses of global and regional climate model projections for the 21st century. The prevailing response we identify can be summarized as follows: increase in the intensity of precipitation events and extremes, with the occurrence of events of unprecedented magnitude, i.e. magnitude not found in present day climate; decrease in the number of light precipitation events and in wet spell lengths; increase in the number of dry days and dry spell lengths. This response, which is mostly consistent across the models we analized, is tied to the difference between precipitation intensity responding to increases in local humidity conditions, especially for heavy and extreme events, and mean precipitation responding to slower increases in global evaporation. These changes in hydroclimatic characteristics have multiple and important impacts on the Earth's hydrologic cycle and on a variety of sectors, and as examples we investigate effects on the potential stress due to increases in dry and wet extremes, changes in precipitation interannual variability and changes in potential predictability of precipitation events. We also stress how the understanding of the hydroclimatic response to global warming can shed important insights into the fundamental behavior of precipitation processes, most noticeably tropical convection.
95-03 DOES ERYTHROCYTE INFUSION IMPROVE TWO-MILE RUN PERFORMANCE AT HIGH ALTITUDE ? BY CO CO CO o to 10

Effects of autologous erythrocyte infusion (ER) on improving exercise performance at high altitude have not been studied. ER effects on two-mile (3.2 km) run performance were evaluated during acute (AA, 3 days) and chronic (CA, 14 days) exposure to high altitude (4300m) in infused (ER) and control (CON) subjects (Ss) initially matched (P>0.05; n=8 each group) for age, body size and aerobic fitness. After sea level runs > (SL, 50m), unacclimated male Ss received either 700 ml of saline and autologous erythrocytes (42% Hct) (ER) or saline alone (CON). Two-mile run times (min:sec) did not differ (P>0.05) between groups at SL (X±SE: ER, 13:14±00:19; CON, 13:39±00:32), or during AA (ER, 19:02±00:18; CON, 19:44±00:43) and CA (ER, 17:44±00:27; CON, 18:45±00:55), but times were faster (P<0.05) comparing SL to AA or CA. Heart rates (HR, btsmin") did not differ between groups at SL (ER, 188±3; CON, 191 ±3), or during AA (ER, 170±4; CON, 178±4) and CA (ER, 162±6; CON, 169±5), but HR were higher (P<0.05) comparing SL to AA or CA. Perceived exertion (local, central, overall) did not differ between groups at SL, AA or CA, but local was lower (P<0.05) at SL compared to AA and CA, and overall was lower for SL than AA. ANCOVA (adjusted for SL group run times) revealed 00:14 (AA) and 00:28 (CA) mean improvement trends (P>0.05) for ER compared to CON. When compared to the ER literature reporting run time improvement for similar distances at SL or relatively low altitude, the improvement noted during AA was the same, but run time improvement doubled for CA.
Study of Capacitive Tilt Sensor with Metallic Ball

In this paper, a new, simple capacitive tilt sensor with a metallic ball is proposed. The proposed tilt sensor has only two electrodes and a metallic ball, and this design assists in managing the inherent contact problem in measuring tilt angles. Capacitive sensing, compared with other types of tilt sensor, has many advantages such as simplicity, noncontact measurement, long‐throw linear displacement, and sub‐micron plate spacing. Its design and fabrication process are significantly simpler than previous types of tilt sensors. The dimensions of the prototype tilt sensor are 20 mm × 20 mm , and the diameter of the polystyrene tube is 5 mm with a tube thickness of 0.15 mm. An analytical study of the prototype capacitive tilt sensor was undertaken, and the experimental results demonstrate the relationship between the tilt angles and measured capacitances compared with the analytical study.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS AFFECTING THE PROGNOSIS OF BILIARY ATRESIA IN INFANTS

Biliary atresia often neglected as normal transition neonatal jaundice reports high incidence in Pakistan in contrast to worldwide statistics. In contrast to data reported worldwide high mortality and morbidity rate of Biliary Atresia was reported within the Faisalabad region of Pakistan which indicates poor disease management. To understand the exact etiology of this disease, present study undertook a research initiative to define unique causes and clinical risk factors associated to Biliary atresia which help in early diagnosis. We intended to find strongly associated risk factors which distinguish it from early onset normal transition jaundice and suggest good prognostic measures for disease management. Logistic Regression and Pearson chi square test reports high incidence rate of Biliary atresia in newly born baby boys (64%) than in female peers. Only 27% of survival rate of this disease was recorded. Unique association of disease with mother child blood group incompatibility (P <0.05) and other simultaneous neonatal infection (P <0.05) shown to contribute significantly to high neonatal death toll (72.8%). Moreover, mother health status (P<0.05) and maternal infection like diabetes and/or hypothyroidism (P<0.05) during gestation period are also significant contributing factors to outcome of Biliary atresia. Based on findings we suggest careful examination of neonates if any of the reported risk factors is observed in first 3 days of birth to manage Biliary Atresia. Study also emphasizes on the importance of maternal health care and proper disease management of maternal infections that otherwise predispose neonates at risk of health disorder.
Qualitative changes in medium and large antral follicles in the human ovary during the menstrual cycle

To better understand human ovarian folliculogenesis, we analyzed 370 (medium an large) follicles from the ovaries of 33 women aged 18 to 50 years at various stages of the menstrual cycle. These follicles were grouped according to granulosa cell number. The criteria used for distinguishing between healthy and atretic follicles were the pyknotic index and the nuclear status of the oocyte, completed by other parameters of follicular involution. The mean mitotic index of the follicles did not vary with the stage of the menstrual cycle, except for those having between 0.37 x 10 6 and 2.5 x 10 6 granulosa cells during the late luteal phase. In humans, a species with a long follicular phase, the qualitative kinetics of medium and large antral follicles did not seem to support any particular theory of a wave of follicular development. It is suggested that follicular growth is a continuous process with privileged phases during the menstrual cycle, especially in the late luteal phase when medium antral follicles are less apt to involute and grow faster.
FOREST-USE HISTORY AND THE SOILS AND VEGETATION OF A LOWLAND FOREST IN BOLIVIA

of Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science FOREST-USE HISTORY AND THE SOILS AND VEGETATION OF A LOWLAND FOREST IN BOLIVIA By Clea Lucrecia Paz Rivera December 2003 Chair: Francis E. Putz Major Department: Natural Resources and Environment Land-use practices can dramatically affect soils and vegetation, even centuries after they cease. In Amazonia, soils enriched by nutrient and charcoal additions are indicators of ancient village sites and old agricultural plots. To ascertain whether past land-use practices also result in local enrichment with useful plants, I studied the anthropogenic soils and associated vegetation of a forestry concession in the Department of Santa Cruz, Bolivia. I compared the chemical properties of anthropogenic soils with surrounding soils and then compared the concentration of useful tree species on and off of anthropogenic soil areas. Two types of anthropogenic soils were identified in the research area: tierra negra (TN) darkened with charcoal fragments and with abundant buried pottery shards; and tierra morena (MO), somewhat darkened but with little or no pottery. In an area of 216ha, nine TN soil patches (0.3 to 10 ha) and three MO soil patches were identified and compared with six nearby non-anthropogenic soils (inceptisols), which are referred to as
Enhanced dust emissivity power-law index along the western H α filament of NGC 1569

We used a data set from AKARI and Herschel images at wavelengths from 7 $\mu$m to 500 $\mu$m to catch the evidence of dust processing in galactic winds in NGC 1569. Images show a diffuse infrared (IR) emission extending from the galactic disk into the halo region. The most prominent filamentary structure seen in the diffuse IR emission is spatially in good agreement with the western H$\alpha$ filament (western arm). The spatial distribution of the $F_\mathrm{350}/F_\mathrm{500}$ map shows high values in regions around the super-star clusters (SSCs) and towards the western arm, which are not found in the $F_\mathrm{250}/F_\mathrm{350}$ map. The color-color diagram of $F_\mathrm{250}/F_\mathrm{350}$-$F_\mathrm{350}/F_\mathrm{500}$ indicates high values of the emissivity power-law index ($\beta_\mathrm{c}$) of the cold dust component in those regions. From a spectral decomposition analysis on a pixel-by-pixel basis, a $\beta_\mathrm{c}$ map shows values ranging from $\sim1$ to $\sim2$ over the whole galaxy. In particular, high $\beta_\mathrm{c}$ values of $\sim2$ are only observed in the regions indicated by the color-color diagram. Since the average cold dust temperature in NGC 1569 is $\sim30$ K, $\beta_\mathrm{c}<2.0$ in the far-IR and sub-mm region theoretically suggests emission from amorphous grains, while $\beta_\mathrm{c}=2.0$ suggests that from crystal grains. Given that the enhanced $\beta_\mathrm{c}$ regions are spatially confined by the HI ridge that is considered to be a birthplace of the SSCs, the spatial coincidences may indicate that dust grains around the SSCs are grains of relatively high crystallinity injected by massive stars originating from starburst activities and that those grains are blown away along the HI ridge and thus the western arm.
Pioneer Advantage: Marketing Logic or Marketing Legend?

Several studies have shown that pioneers have long-lived market share advantages and are likely to be market leaders in their product categories. However, that research has potential limitations: the reliance on a few established databases, the exclusion of nonsurvivors, and the use of single-informant self-reports for data collection. The authors of this study use an alternate method, historical analysis, to avoid these limitations. Approximately 500 brands in 50 product categories are analyzed. The results show that almost half of market pioneers fail and their mean market share is much lower than that found in other studies. Also, early market leaders have much greater long-term success and enter an average of 13 years after pioneers.
Microscopical Studies on the leaf and petiole of Vernonia amygadlina Del.

Detailed microscopical studies of the leaf and petiole of Vernonia amygadlina Del. (Asteraceae) which is a Sudanese folkloric medicine were carried out. It had been found that there were anomocytic stomata, the stomatal sizes and indices were larger on the abaxial surface. There were many epidermal hairs of different types; unicellular, multicellular, glandular and nonglandular hairs the heads of the glandular hairs appeared bi-lobed. The mean palisade ratio was found to be four. The scanning electron microscopy of the epidermal surfaces revealed that the amount of wax was large on the adaxial surface whereas the number of stomata was more on the abaxial surface. The vascular bundle region of the leaf was divided into four bundles separated by biserriate rays of parenchyma. The powder of the dry leaves of V. amygdalina was dark green in color with faint smell, calcium oxalate crystals were scattered, small veins appeared in longitudinal views with different types of vessel thickening. The transverse section of the petiole showed that the vascular bundles were arranged in a circle, each vascular bundle was preceded by pericyclic fibers.
Risk Greece ’ s Stock Market Integration with Southeast Europe jei

This paper analyzes the time-varying integration of the Greek stock market from a regional perspective by using a conditional version of the international capital asset pricing model (ICAPM) allowing for dynamic changes in the degree of market integration, regional market currency risk, and local market risk. We show that the prices of risk are extremely sensitive to major international economic and political events such as the different monetary and financial crises in Asian and Latin American countries in 1997, 1998, and 2001. In addition, we show that the level of market openness and development of the stock market satisfactorily explain the time-varying degree of Greek stock market integration.