Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ageism at work: The impact of intergenerational contact and organizational multi-age perspective

Despite the prevalence of ageism in the workplace, little empirical effort has been devoted to analysing the contextual factors that may help reduce it. Building upon research on intergroup contact and multiculturalism, we examine in two studies how intergenerational contact and organizational multi-age perspective may contribute toward mitigating ageism and improving work attitudes through a dual identity process. In Study 1, SEM analyses confirm that workers’ dual identity is a key mediator of the effects of context on both ageism and attitudes at work. Study 2 replicates and extends the results of Study 1, firstly by showing the mediational effects of perceived procedural justice, and secondly by investigating stereotypes more closely related to the population of older workers. As a set, our findings shed new light on ageism at work as well as on the protective role of two aspects of the social context.
Histomorphological analysis of peri-implant bone tissue of an implant inuse for 10 years: A case report.

In this case report, it was described the histomorphology through optical microscopy of the implant- bone interface in an implant in function during 10 years, which had to be removed due to problems associated with the connection of the abutment. A 73-year-old male patient came asking for prosthesis mobility. Due the impossibility to replace the abutment it was decided to remove the implant with a 5 mm internal diameter trephine and analyze this sample histomorphologically. The histological analysis showed a mature trabecular tissue between the implant threads with a regular cell distribution and lamellar organization of calcified matrix, observing that bone tissue follows the shape of the implant’s surface with which it was in contact. Also, was observed low osteoclast activity, collagen type I, without signs of inflammation or resorption. In conclusion, implants have been shown in this case report, as well as by studies in humans to have long duration and outstanding biocompatibility that permits the formation of mature and regular peri-implant bone tissue in certain conditions.
Capital Adjustment Patterns in Swedish Manufacturing Firms: What Model Do They Suggest?

In this paper we study the capital adjustment process in Swedish manufacturing firms and relate the empirical findings to standard models of firm behavior in the presence of impediments to capital adjustments. We find that (i) a model with irreversible capital goes a very long way in capturing the salient features of firm-level capital adjustment behavior. To see this, an integrated approach is necessary since different alternative models do well in certain comparative dimensions but not in others. (ii) The partial adjustment model generally fails to explain capital adjustment patterns. (iii) The capital accumulation process is a highly volatile and non-persistent process on the firm-level. (iv) Firms adjustment behavior is asymmetric in that they are more likely to tolerate excess capital than shortages of capital, and finally, (v) the estimated adjustment function implies that aggregate investment is relatively unresponsive to aggregate shocks in deep recessions as compared to the responsiveness in normal times.
Activation of Central Alpha 7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Reverses Suppressed Immune Function of T Lymphocytes and Protects Against Sepsis Lethality

Sepsis remains the leading cause of high mortality and huge financial burden in intensive care units (ICU), but with scarce effective treatments due to refractory multiple organ dysfunction and persistent immunosuppression. Treatments that aim at modulating immune function and attenuating multiple organ injury will certainly benefit septic cases. Alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAchR) has been reported with potent immunomodulatory properties in various diseases as the essential mediator of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP). Few studies have demonstrated the potential effect of central α7nAchR on the progression and prognosis of septic response, while its expression was first discovered on neurons and most abundant in the central nervous system. In the present study, it was found severe damage of multiple organs under the operation of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in rats, including heart, liver, kidneys, and lungs, as evidenced by abnormal histomorphology and notable elevation of injury markers. Concurrently, the function of spleen CD4+ T cells was disrupted under septic challenge, accompanied by polarization of helper T cell (Th)2, which exhibited outward signs of immunosuppression. Intracerebroventricular injection of PNU282987, a selective agonist of α7nAchR, significantly alleviated multiple organ injury, reversed immunosuppressive state, and improved the outcome of septic rats, while they were exacerbated by treatment with methyllycaconitine, a selective antagonist of α7nAchR. This study provides the first evidence that activation of central α7nAchR is beneficial for attenuating multiple organ dysfunction as well as abnormal immune response, and improving the prognosis of rats when exposed with sepsis.
UNIDENTIFIED INFRARED EMISSION BANDS: PAHs or MAONs?

We suggest that the carrier of the unidentified infrared emission (UIE) bands is an amorphous carbonaceous solid with mixed aromatic/aliphatic structures, rather than free-flying polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules. Through spectral fittings of the astronomical spectra of the UIE bands, we show that a significant amount of the energy is emitted by the aliphatic component, implying that aliphatic groups are an essential part of the chemical structure. Arguments in favor of an amorphous, solid-state structure rather than a gas-phase molecule as a carrier of the UIE are also presented.
REPEATED FREEZE-THAW CYCLES BUT NOT SHORT-TERM STORAGE OF FECAL EXTRACTS AT AMBIENT TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE THE STABILITY OF STEROID METABOLITE LEVELS IN CRESTED MACAQUES

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of repeated freeze-thaw cycles and short-term storage of fecal extracts at ambient temperature on the stability of fecal glucocorticoid (fGCM) and estrogen metabolite (fEM) levels from crested macaques.In total 100 aliquots of fecal extracts from fecal samples collected from female crested macaques (Macaca nigra) living at the Tangkoko-Batuangus Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi were used. We performed two different experiments: (1) An experiment to investigate if levels of fGCM and fEM measured from fecal extracts that were exposed to two, four, six and eight repeated freeze-thaw cycles (test groups) differ to control samples (i.e. fecal extracts always stored frozen); (2) An experiment to evaluate whether storing fecal extracts at ambient temperature for two, four, six, and eight days (test groups)affects the levels of fGCM and fEM compared to the control group (i.e. fecal extracts frozen immediately). Results showed that hormone levels were significantly increased (P 0.05) in levels of fGCM and fEM between the test groups and the control group in fecal extracts stored at ambient temperature. In conclusion, our data show that more than two and six repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided when measuring fGCM and fEM in crested macaque fecal extracts, respectively. We also demonstrate that storing fecal extracts at ambient temperature is possible for at least 8 days without taking a risk of affecting the stability of fGCM and fEM levels.
A Comparative Study of Electronic Properties of Bulk MoS 2 and Its Monolayer Using DFT Technique : Application of Mechanical Strain on MoS 2 Monolayer

Electronic structure calculation of bulk and monolayer MoS2 has been performed using plane wave pseudopotential method based on density functional theory. The indirect band gap in the bulk MoS2 was found to be 0.9 eV, whereas in the monolayer-MoS2 the band gap of 1.57 eV was found to be direct one. The calculated physical parameters of monolayer MoS2 are found to be very close to the bulk MoS2 and compare well with available experimental and other theoretical results. The calculated density of states (DOS) may help explain this change in the nature of band gap in bulk and in monolayer MoS2. A further variation in band gap has been observed in MoS2 monolayer on applying biaxial strain.
Perception of physical attractiveness: Mechanisms involved in the maintenance of romantic relationships.

In 2 studies, factors involved in the perception of attractivenes s of opposite-sex persons were examined. Investigation 1 revealed that individuals involved in dating relationships, relative to those not involved in them, tend to perceive opposite-sex persons as less physically and sexually attractive. Investigation 2 revealed that this dating status effect was not attributable to differences in physical attractiveness, self-esteem, empathy, self-monitoring, or altruism between individuals who were and those who were not involved in exclusive dating relationships. Moreover, both groups perceived young/same-sex and older/opposite-sex persons as equally attractive, suggesting that the effect is specific to young/opposite-sex persons. Results are discussed in terms of possible proximate and ultimate explanations underlying relationship maintenance processes.
Learning Compact Architectures for Deep Neural Networks

Deep Neural Networks (NNs) have recently emerged as the model of choice for a wide a range of Machine Learning applications ranging from computer vision to speech recognition to natural language processing and beyond. However, these models are also known for being large and cumbersome, limiting their applicability to real-time and embedded applications. As a result, it is desirable to compress these models to make them easier to store and process. Training Neural Networks is often described as a kind of ‘black magic’, as successful training requires setting the right hyper-parameter values (such as the number of neurons in a layer, depth of the network, etc). It is often not clear what these values should be, and these decisions often end up being either ad-hoc or driven through extensive experimentation. It would be desirable to automatically set some of these hyper-parameters for the user so as to minimize trial-and-error. Combining this objective with our earlier preference for smaller models, we ask the following question for a given task, is it possible to come up with small neural network architectures automatically? In this thesis, we propose methods to achieve the same. Our contributions here are four-fold. First, we describe a method that takes a pre-trained network model and performs compression without using training data. Second, we perform compression and network training at the same time, in a data-driven manner. We call this method ‘Architecture-Learning’. Third, we show connections of Architecture-Learning with a popular regularizer called ‘Dropout’, and propose the so-called ‘Generalized Dropout’ regularizer. Lastly, we apply the Architecture-Learning methodology to sparsify neural networks, i.e.; remove weights to create sparse weight matrices. Our methods are competitive with state-of-the-art methods that perform network compression, and as well as those that perform architecture selection.
Child’s Gender, Young Fathers’ Crime, and Spillover Effects in Criminal Behavior

Men who father their first child at a very young age are convicted of significantly fewer crimes in the first years after birth if the child is a son rather than a daughter. This leads to behavioral spillovers that reduce criminal convictions among other young men living in the same neighborhood, with the resulting crime multipliers affecting peers’ crime even after the primary impact on the focal individual has dissipated. Through social multipliers, prevention policies that target potential criminals at an early stage, therefore, lead to larger reductions in the cost of crime than suggested by primary effects alone.
Syddansk Universitet Risk Factors for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder The Role of Previous Traumas , Peri-traumatic Response , Social Support and Body-image

Objective: In a non-clinical adolescent sample, the present study investigated the predictive and the mediating effects of several rudimentary risk factors for post-traumatic stress. The study had three objectives: 1) to identify predictors of posttraumatic stress, 2) to explore the mediating effect of diverse psychosocial factors on posttraumatic stress, and 3) to explore the mediating effect of body-image on posttraumatic stress across trauma types. Method: A Danish national probability sample of 1083 high school students aged 15-20 were administered a questionnaire survey that included traumatic events, psychosocial variables and the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. The current study holds the strength of a relatively large sample size and being based on a nationally representative sample, thus preventing population biased results. Data analysis has been conducted in SPSS version 22. Results: Number of traumas, peritraumatic response, loneliness, body-image and parental support predicted 26% of the variance in post-traumatic stress disorder severity. Trauma exposure was related to posttraumatic stress via intermediate factors; the number of traumas, peritraumatic response and body-image mediated development of the disorder. Body-image acted as a mediator of post-traumatic stress only with respect to certain types of trauma, with post-traumatic stress developing via body-image in physical and non-interpersonal trauma survivors, but not in survivors of sexual traumas. Conclusion: Previous traumas, peritraumatic response and body-image were found to impact the development of posttraumatic stress. The present study additionally indicated that risk factors may influence the development of posttraumatic stress disorder in different ways, following certain types of events. This underlines the importance of considering the type of trauma in combination with other potential risk factors such as body-image. Future research is needed to further investigate factors which may mediate the development of posttraumatic stress disorder, especially about different trauma types.
DSTYK knockout affects the architecture of F-actin cytoskeleton in mouse renal proximal convoluted tubules

Mutations of dual serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinase (DSTYK) are linked to congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). However, the function of DSTYK in the normal kidney and its role in the pathogenesis of CAKUT remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of DSTYK in the kidney by analyzing the consequences of Dstyk ablation in mice. We found that DSTYK deficiency resulted in swelling and diffuse distribution of F-actin cytoskeleton in proximal convoluted tubules. However, the architecture of F-actin cytoskeleton in the descending thin limb of Henel’s loop, the thick ascending limb of Henel’s loop, distal convoluted tubules, connecting tubules, collecting ducts and glomeruli was not affected following DSTYK deletion. The appearance of the urogenital system and the gross kidney anatomy of Dstyk-/mice were normal. Also, no significant difference in the renal corpuscle’s diameter and the density of glomeruli was found between Dstyk+/+ and Dstyk-/mice. To identify DSTYK binding partners, we generated a Flag-DSTYK knockin HEK 293T cell line with Flag tag sequence inserted to the N-terminus of endogenous DSTYK gene using CRISPR/Cas9 system. A total list of 67 proteins were identified by Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP)/mass spectrometry (MS) that potentially interact with DSTYK, mostly enzymes (39.0%), nucleic acid binding proteins (36.6%) and cytoskeletal proteins (14.6%). Profilin 1 and Profilin 2 were validated as bona fide DSTYK binding partners by Co-IP assay. These results uncover a role of DSTYK in the regulation of F-actin cytoskeleton in the mouse renal proximal convoluted tubules.
Supercooling Point of Bean Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Minnesota and a Revised Predictive Model for Survival at Low Temperatures

Abstract Integrated pest management (IPM) programs for the bean leaf beetle, Cerotoma trifurcata (Förster), could benefit from an ability to forecast the magnitude and timing of early-season infestations. The objectives of this study were to examine the supercooling point (SCP) of adult C. trifurcata as an index of its cold hardiness, monitor overwintering survival, and revise an existing model used to predict the overwintering survival of this pest in wooded areas as a function of low-temperature accumulation. Within a year, the mean SCP of C. trifurcata ranged from −8.9 to −6.0°C. Soil temperatures dropped below the lowest mean SCP (i.e., −8.9°C) in only 2 of 11 yr (1994–2004). In-field survivorship studies showed that adult C. trifurcata successfully overwintered in Minnesota (34–59% survival). This species survived well in years when the existing model predicted zero or low survival. In contrast, our revised model predicted more closely the overwintering survival of this species in southern Minnesota. However, other overwintering mortality factors should be studied to improve our understanding of how well C. trifurcata overwinters in temperate regions.
Using Social Media Monitoring Data to Forecast Online Word-of-Mouth Valence: A Network Autoregressive Approach

Managers increasingly use social media for marketing research, particularly to monitor what consumers think about brands. Although social media monitoring can provide rich insights into consumer attitudes, marketers typically use it in a backward-looking manner — that is, to measure past online word-of-mouth (WOM) valence (i.e., sentiment). This article proposes a novel method for using social media monitoring in a forward-looking manner to forecast brands’ future online WOM valence. The approach takes into account information on related brands based on the premise that consumers’ attitudes toward one brand are likely relative to — and therefore associated with — attitudes toward other brands. The method infers associative relations between brands from social media monitoring data by observing which brands are mentioned at the same time in the same social media sources, thus enabling construction of time-varying brand “networks” for representing interdependencies between brands. The authors test six possible methods for capturing brand interdependencies (Jaccard, Dice, anti-Dice, correlation, normalized correlation, and Euclidean distance) and examine the relative performance of each alternative method with a view to identifying the best approach.
Search, Bargaining, and Employer Discrimination

This article analyzes Becker’s ([1957] 1971) theory of employer discrimination within a search and wage‐bargaining setting. Discriminatory firms pay workers who are discriminated against less and apply stricter hiring criteria to these workers. The highest profits are realized by firms with a positive discrimination coefficient. Moreover, once ownership and management are separated, both highest profits and highest utility can be realized by firms with a positive discrimination coefficient. Thus, market forces, like entry or takeovers, do not ensure that wage differentials due to employer discrimination disappear.
Orthodontic Treatment Need in Higher Primary Schoolchildren of Central Bengaluru, India

Aims and Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the orthodontic treatment need in 11–14-year-old schoolchildren of Central Bengaluru, India, using the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) and to analyze the treatment needs between males and females and correlation between the esthetic to aesthetic (AC) and dental health component (DHC) of IOTN. Materials and Methods: The sample comprised 500 schoolchildren (187 females and 313 males) who had not undergone orthodontic treatment. No radiographs, study casts, were used; IOTN was calculated from clinical examination and photographs. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20 IBM version. Results: The results for DHC were as follows: 12% students in no need, 52.5% students in little need, 20.5% students in moderate or borderline, 11.5% students in severe need, and 3.5% students were in the category of very severe need for treatment. On evaluating AC components, 91.6% were in the category of no or little need, 2% students in moderate need, and 6.4% in great need category. Mild positive correlation (r = 0.153) between DHC and AC of IOTN was observed. The difference between the IOTN values of boys and girls was not statistically significant. Conclusions: More than 50% of the population in our study showed little/no need category which undergoes undiagnosed and may not seek dental treatment at right time to prevent the future complications. This study provides baseline data on the need and demand for orthodontic treatment among the sample which is important for planning public orthodontic and dental services.
Can Internet be an effective way to conduct sex education for young people in China ?

Methods This was an Internet-based intervention study of sex and reproductive health education. Two high schools and four colleges of a university in Shanghai were selected as the research sites. One high school and two colleges were chosen as the intervention group, the other school and two colleges as the control group. The intervention lasted 10 months (March 2003 through December 2003) and the education was provided through the website (www.youthhood.com.cn) on Internet, with web pages, online educational videos, Bulletin Board System (BBS) and expert mailbox. The website offered sexual and reproductive health knowledge/information (including sexual physiology and psychology, sexual morals, interpersonal relationship, love and marriage, STDs/HIV/AIDS, reproduction and contraception, premarital sex and pregnancy, induced abortion, sexual harassment, smoking and drug use etc.), service information, counseling and discussion on sex-related issues for all grade one students in the intervention group. Only subjects in the intervention group, who were provided private usernames and passwords, could browse the website. No special sexual education was given to the students in the control group. Baseline survey was conducted in both groups prior to the implementation of the intervention, then similar survey was conducted in both groups after the intervention. Totally, 624 students from the intervention school/colleges, and 713 from the control school/colleges enrolled, and about 97.2% of these were re-interviewed at follow-up. The impact of the intervention was evaluated by comparing the changes of students’ sex and reproductive health knowledge, attitudes and behaviors between the baseline and post-intervention surveys and between the intervention and control groups. Survey data were entered with EpiInfo 6.04 and analyzed with SAS 8.01.
The Cultivable Microbiota Associated with Four Antarctic Macroalgae

Marine macroalgae are suitable surfaces for bacterial colonization; in fact, this microbiota is important to the cycling of organic material from algal origin. We describe the cultivable microbiota associated with four endemic Antarctic macroalgae: Palmariadecipiens, Himantothallus grandifolius, Desmarestia antarctica, and Ascoseira mirabilis. Among the bacterial colonies obtained on marine agar 71.4% were affiliated to Proteobacteria, 20% to Firmicutes, and 8.6% to Bacteroidetes. Pseudoalteromonas was the only genus present in all samples; otherwise, each macroalga presented a unique microbiota, which was distinct from macroalgae from northern oceans. These results indicated a species-specific interaction between Antarctic macroalgae and its surface microbiota.