Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regionalized Velocity Models in Central Asia

Abstract : We have developed regional velocity models to improve the location of small seismic events near the central Asian test sites. Specifically we have used seismograms recorded by International Monitoring System (IMS) stations, along with ISC and Calibration Event Bulletin (CEB) travel-time information, to generate velocity profiles extending radially from the Lop Nor Test Site; the best coverage is for the path to the northwest through the Semipalantinsk Test Site to, at the far end, the station BRVK. Most available crustal models developed for central Asia have a P velocity of 8.0 km/s; whereas the velocity profiles developed put P(sub n) in the range of 8.3-8.4 km/s. Predicted travel times of P-waves traveling to the northwest of Lop Nor using these various models all yield negative residuals on the order of 2-6 seconds, suggesting these models are slower than the actual regional velocity structure. Hence, we examined a model for the Siberian Craton, the path over which these waves travel. The modified Leith model (Langston, 1998) has a Moho velocity of 8.3 km/s, closer to the velocities we found. Applying this model results in smaller travel-time residuals (0.5 sec. < t) rather than the 2-4 sec. residuals using the IASPI model, suggesting this model is more appropriate for the region. Similarly, a more appropriate model has been developed for paths to the NE and SE of Lop Nor, with a moho velocity of 8.26 km/s.
Comparing The South African Stock Markets Response To Two Periods Of Distinct Instability The 1997-98 East Asian And Russian Crisis And The Recent Global Financial Crisis

This paper compares the South African stock markets response to two periods of distinct instability, namely the East Asian and Russian crisis of 1997-98 and the global financial crisis of 2007-09. Considering share prices, the Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE) was more severely affected by the earlier crisis, when the domestic fundamentals were weaker. The low levels of foreign reserves were the main cause of concern. The paper further empirically investigates volatility spillover between the JSE and various developed and emerging stock markets during the two crisis periods, employing twelve separate bi-variate GARCH models. The main contributors to volatility spillover during the East Asian and Russian crisis were Mexico, Thailand, Brazil, and Germany predominantly emerging markets. During the second crisis period, Germany, US, Brazil, and UK played the dominant parts predominantly developed markets. The importance of Germany in both periods can be attributed to the countrys role as main export destination of South African goods in Europe.
Flaperon Modification Effect on Jet-Flap Interaction Noise Reduction for Chevron Nozzles

Jet-flap interaction (JFI) noise can become an important component of far field noise when a flap is immersed in the engine propulsive stream or is in its entrained region, as in approach conditions for under-the-wing engine configurations. We experimentally study the effect of modifying the flaperon, which is a high speed aileron between the inboard and the outboard flaps, at both approach and take-off conditions using scaled models in a free jet. The flaperon modifications are of two types: sawtooth trailing edge and mini vortex generators (vg's). Parametric variations of these two concepts are tested with a round coaxial nozzle and an advanced chevron nozzle, with azimuthally varying fan chevrons, using both far field microphone arrays and phased microphone arrays for source diagnostics purposes. In general, the phased array results corroborate the far field results in the upstream quadrant pointing to JFI near the flaperon trailing edge as the origin of the far field noise changes. Specific sawtooth trailing edges in conjunction with the round nozzle give marginal reduction in JFI noise at approach, and parallel co-rotating mini-vg's are somewhat more beneficial over a wider range of angles, but both concepts are noisier at take-off conditions. These two concepts have generally an adverse JFI effect when used in conjunction with the advanced chevron nozzle at both approach and take-off conditions.
Uncovering File Relationships using Association Mining and Topic Modeling

Software maintenance tasks, such as feature enhancements and bug fixes, require familiarity with the entire software system. A modification task could become very time consuming if there is no prior knowledge of the system. Association mining has been used to identify the files that frequently change together in a software repository, and this information can aid a software engineer locate relevant files for a maintenance task. However, association mining techniques are limited to the amount of project history stored in a software repository. We address this difficulty by using a technique that combines association mining with topic modeling, referred to as Frequent Pattern Growth with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (FP-LDA). Topic modeling aims to uncover file relationships by learning semantic topics from source files. We validated our technique via case studies on two open source projects. Our results indicate that topic modeling can increase the effectiveness of association mining in uncovering the file relationships. Keywords-Association mining; Topic Modeling; Software
Impact of Plasmodium falciparum infection on some haematological parameters in a malaria endemic population, Southeastern Nigeria

Ozioma Prisca Irole-Eze, Onyinye Mkpola Ukpai, Ebube Charles Amaechi, Blessing Uzoamaka Ejike, Chidiogo Comfort Nwadike Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, MichaelOkpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria Department of Biology/Microbiology, Abia State Polytechnic, Aba Abia State, Nigeria Department of Zoology, NnamdiAzikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2017; 5(12): 547-549
Secondary Palatalization in Isthmus Mixe: A Phonetic and Phonological Account

This work is a study of the process of palatalization in Isthmus Mixe, in which every consonant in the inventory has a palatalized counterpart. This type of palatalization occurring as a secondary [i]-like articulation, simultaneous to the primary articulation of the consonant (Bhat 1974, Ladefoged 1993), is defined as secondary palatalization by Keating (1993). Occurring word initially in Isthmus Mixe, the feature of secondary palatalization alone represents the grammatical third person morpheme, palatalizing the initial consonant of the noun or verb. There are also verbal suffixes that consist solely of secondary palatalization, indicating clause-type markers (Dieterman 1995, 1998), and a deverbalizer, that palatalize the final consonant(s) of the verb. Morpheme-induced secondary palatalization has been described in all of the Oaxacan Mixe languages; however, Isthmus Mixe is an undescribed language, except for the recent work of the author of this study. It is shown that the secondary palatalization feature in Isthmus Mixe modifies (mutates) the initial or final consonant(s) of the word and also the vowel(s) adjacent to the consonant. Spectrograms that show the transition formants of vowels adjacent to palatalized consonants support the claim that even the laryngeal consonants /h/ and /Ð/ are subject to secondary palatalization. It is shown that representing secondary palatalization as an autosegmental feature may be used to describe all occurrences of morpheme-induced secondary palatalization and its phonetic effects on all of the consonants and vowels. Previous descriptions of other Mixe languages that were based on the linear phonemic model, obscured the phonetic reality of secondary palatalization and did not recognize secondary palatalization as a consonant mutation. Autosegmental features that are consonant mutations linked to morphemes have been described in a number of the world’s languages. With this initial description of secondary palatalization in Isthmus Mixe, and references to secondary palatalization in all of the Oaxacan Mixe languages, it is hoped that these processes will become known to the wider linguistic community and also that further studies will be initiated in the Mixe-Zoque languages. Editor’s note: The present volume is a slightly revised version of the author’s 2002 Ph.D. dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Texas at Arlington.
Some partial convexity results of heat equation in space forms

In his paper, we are concerned with partial convexity of smooth solutions to heat equation. We prove that partial convexity of these solutions to the heat equation are preserved in space forms with nonnegative sectional curvature. Consequently we give a proof that the convex cones of these solutions k  (see the definition in Section 2) are invariant cones.
Reproductive Ecology of a Population of the California Tiger Salamander

We studied breeding migrations and variation in reproductive traits of the California tiger salamander, Ambystoma californiense, in Contra Costa County, California over two winter breeding seasons and three summer metamorphosis seasons (1992-1994). Initiation of adult breeding migrations followed major storm systems; in both 1993 and 1994, males arrived at the breeding pond first and stayed longer than females. Breeding population sizes of males and females varied annually and appeared to be determined by different mechanisms. Within a season, variation in weekly numbers of migrating adults was attributable only to rainfall; variation in numbers of emigrating juveniles could not be attributed to any measured environmental parameters. Sexual dimorphism in adults is expressed through longer tails in males. Annual numbers of juveniles produced varied substantially, ranging from over 1000 metamorphs in 1992 to only three in 1994. Timing and mean size at metamorphosis showed substantial annual variation.
Estimated Instability and Breaking of Internal Waves due to Time-dependent Shear

Estimated Instability and Breaking of Internal Waves due to Time-dependent Shear Leonardo A. Latorre Department of Mechanical Engineering, BYU Master of Science The effects of propagation of a short internal gravity wave through an inertia wave on internal wave stability is analyzed and parameterized. The interactions are specifically between a short wave packet and a large inertia wave packet. The short wave packet is a wave bounded with a Gaussian envelope with high frequencies and scales in the hundreds of meters horizontally and tens of meters vertically. The inertia wave packet is also an enveloped wave but with frequencies close to the rotation of the earth and scales in the thousands of meters in the horizontal and hundreds of meters in the vertical. The wave-wave interactions are modeled using ray theory and 2d non-linear numerical models. Ray tracing is used because it is less computationally expensive, however it fails at regions of strong refraction also known as caustics. To measure stability the steepness is calculated from the 2d non-linear methods and it is compared with estimates found in the linear theory. It is determined that the estimates of the short wave steepness from linear theory are qualitatively comparable. A quantifiable comparison, although more difficult, resulted in adjustment factors to the ray tracing results. It is also found that for the particular cases modeled, convective instabilities are predominant and the influence of the shear exerted by the large inertia wave is insignificant. Instability timescales are included in the stability analysis and estimates of overturning and wave-breaking are developed for different wave-wave interactions. From the stability analysis it is found that in general the faster the short wave propagates the more likely it is to conform to both of the conditions required for wave breaking (i.e presence of instabilities and instability timescales longer than the timescale of the short wave).
Framboidal magnetic minerals and their possible association to hydrocarbons: La Victoria oil field, southwestern Venezuela

Magnetic contrasts observed in aeromagnetic studies and in surface samples above oil fields have been attributed to the presence of secondary magnetic minerals produced by a reducing environment that has been induced by the underlying reservoir. However, an unequivocal relationship between these anomalies and the presence of hydrocarbons has not yet been established. We report rock magnetic and magnetic mineralogy results of a preliminary study carried out in drilling fines at different depth le vels from three oil wells at La Victoria oil field. Profiles of magnetic susceptibility (MS) and bulk magnetization (|M|), correspon ding to the first 1500 meters are complemented by studies of X-rays diffraction, Electronic Microscopy (Scanning and Transmission), thermoremanence and Isothermal Remanent Magnetization acquisition curves, and thermal demagnetization of composite IRMs. There is a higher concentration of spherical aggregates (framboids) of submicronic magnetic minerals in levels with conspicuous peaks of MS and |M| values. If such aggregates represent the authigenic outcome of near-surface reduction caused by hydrocarbon seepage, these results could establish a link between the contrast of magnetic properties and the presence of hydrocarbons.
Correction to “Oceanic iron supply mechanisms which support the spring diatom bloom in the Oyashio region, western subarctic Pacific”

Title Oceanic iron supply mechanisms which support the spring diatom bloom in the Oyashio region, western subarctic Pacific Author(s) Nishioka, Jun; Ono, Tsuneo; Saito, Hiroaki; Sakaoka, Keiichiro; Yoshimura, Takeshi Citation Journal of Geophysical Research, Oceans, 116: C02021 Issue Date 2011-02-16 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/46928 Rights Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union. Type article File Information JGR116_C02021. pdf
Market Valuation Responses to Goodwill Announcements: An Early Direct Test of FASB 142

This study provides evidence from an early direct test of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) 142 policy statement regarding investor market reaction to corporate goodwill impairment announcements. Under new rules, the amortization of goodwill is replaced with a two-step procedure to determine if goodwill is impaired. We draw a sample of 188 firms announcing impairment tests during the period of 2001-2003 to investigate market reactions. The findings for overall sample indicate that firms with impairment test announcements experience statistically significant negative abnormal returns. The findings further show that the abnormal returns are negative for NYSE and AMEX+NASDAQ listed stocks. When we analyze the industry affiliation of firms and abnormal returns based on the primary SIC of firms, we find varying market reactions to goodwill announcements among industries. The findings are consistent with an information efficiency view of the market and one other related study of similar design, conducted before the effective date of FASB 142.
Biodiversity conservation using the indigenous knowledge system: The priority agenda in the case of Zeyse, Zergula and Ganta communities in Gamo Gofa Zone (Southern Ethiopia).

Biodiversity has fundamental values to humans, because we are dependent on it for our nutritional, cultural, economic, and environmental/ecological well-being and the mismanagement of biodiversity leads to resource decline and biodiversity crisis. Moreover, Indigenous Knowledge develops in local contexts to solve local problems, and it is just another form of knowledge which does not set itself in opposition to sciences. However, values of biodiversity and manifold roles of indigenous knowledge including biodiversity conservations are overlooked and are at a risk of getting extinct in general and in Ethiopia in particular. The objective of this study was to collect information on the values of biodiversity, its current status and conservation of biodiversity using indigenous knowledge of the Zeyse, Zergula and Ganta communities in Southern Ethiopia. Data were collected from six focus group discussions (Native Individuals with age range: 30 to120) to achieve the goals of the research and all of the discussants were indigenous members of each community. A qualitative research design was used and the data were organized and analyzed around the key themes of the research.The result showed value of the biodiversity including specific values of plant biodiversity- Arundinaria alpinak and Moringa stenopetala as human assets for the livelihood of the community. Moreover, the result indicated strong traditional beliefs, laws and customs and affections towards nature to conserve biodiversity including sacred trees and animals (totems). However, the results also indicated, currently, these cultural values of the communities to conserve biodiversity using indigenous knowledge were at a risk of getting extinct/endangered, which resulted in the loss of biodiversity in the study areas. The study result indicated specific values of biodiversity for the livelihood of the communities and strong ties between indigenous knowledge and biodiversity conservation. Therefore, we need to empower indigenous people to protect their culture embodying indigenous knowledge, belief systems of protecting nature, and cultural practices that promote sustainable biodiversity conservation. Key words: Biodiversity, Indigenous knowledge, wildlife, Nature, Conservation, totem
Structural Alterations in Scaffold Architecture in Response to Mechanical Stimuli

Background: Though mechanical stimulation has been shown to improve mechanical properties of many engineered tissues, little is known about the impact of stimulation on scaffold architecture. In engineered tissues where the scaffold comprises a large portion of the tissue, mechanical signals are transferred from the external environment through the scaffold to the cells. Thus, a greater understanding of the architectural changes a scaffold experiences during mechanical stimulation may provide new knowledge on the communication between the cells and scaffold, during dynamic in vitro tissue development. Methods: Two distinct scaffold architectures were fabricated via lyophilization or electro-spinning of collagen. Pore size of lyophilized scaffolds, fiber diameter and inter-fiber distance of electrospun scaffolds, and ultimate tensile strength, linear stiffness and stress relaxation rates for all scaffolds were determined, prior to mechanical stimulation. Scaffolds were then subjected to 0, 5, 10 or 20% static or cyclic strain. Alignment of lyophilized scaffold pores and electrospun fibers was then quantified after 4 and 7 days of mechanical stimulation. Results: Lyophilized scaffolds displayed significant increases in pore area with magnitude of strain and duration of stimulation, and a pronounced alignment in pore orientation with the direction of strain. In contrast, electrospun samples showed only modest changes in architecture, in response to applied mechanical strain with small (1-5%) increased in fiber alignment compared to control, and no observed changed in fiber morphology. Conclusion: The current study showed the initial degree of interconnectivity between scaffold elements greatly impacted the scaffold response to mechanical stimulation. Non-woven electro-spun scaffold undergo very little micro structural reorganization during mechanical stimulation, while lyophilized collagen scaffolds undergo significant micro-structural changes. These differences in scaffold response suggest that large stain magnitudes may be required to excite cells within electro spun scaffolds, while modest strain magnitudes may results in significant changes in cellular behavior within lyophilized collagen sponges.
PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY OF A GRASSLAND COMMUNITY IN RANGAMATIA, MAYURBHANJ, ODISHA

Ecological analysis of a grassland community was carried out at the place of Rangamatia near Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha. The primary productivity in various compartments i.e. live green, standing dead, litter and below ground was studied following the method of Odum (1960). It indicated that the total above ground was maximum during June and minimum in the month of December. Litter compartment did not show any increment during rainy season while the below ground compartment showed higher productivity in rainy season. The total net primary production of the community was found to be 6403.07g m -2 yr -1 . The transfer function of above ground net production was 8.09 times higher than that of below ground net production. The turnover rate of non-grasses was found to be maximum as compared to that of grasses. Among the components of the community i.e. live green, standing dead and below ground the turnover rates were not significantly different from each other.
Dissipative Optical Solitons

The generation and nonlinear dynamics of multi-dimensional optical dissipative solitonic pulses are examined. The variational method is extended to complex dissipative systems, in order to obtain steady state solutions of the one-, two-, and three-dimensional complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg– Landau equation. A stability criterion is established fixing a domain of dissipative parameters for stable steady state solutions. Following numerical simulations, evolution of even asymmetric input pulse from this domain leads to stable dissipative solitons and light bullets.
Dynamic Visualization Of Sensor Measurements: Context Based Approach

Abstract An amount of data measured with sensors is increasing year to year. Every sensor has a location and sensor data are mostly measured for long time period, so visualization of location and regular updating of visualized value is necessary. Various characteristics (e.g. meteorological conditions) can be automatically read at frequent intervals and those readings can be aggregated into the interactive map visualization. This map must be not only legible but also understandable also for readers that are experts in their specialisation, however, not in cartography. This paper presents possibilities of using and implementation of adaptive cartography and visual seeking principles for interactive visualization and analysis of sensor based data measured in real time. Our solution is described on experimental application for precise farming that we developed during research project Agrisensor.
Etiology and Clinical Presentation of Laryngeal Cancer in Sudanese Patients

Background: Laryngeal cancer is a common disease among Sudanese smokers. It is a type of neoplasm that has the largest male to female ratio in Sudan. Objective: To provide a review of the clinical pattern and to determine the etiology of laryngeal cancer among the Sudanese patients.
Gender Role Portrayals in Preschool Picture Books

Children's preschool books are important sources of gender role socialization, teaching children traditional gender-stereotyped expectations and behavior. Past studies on award-winning preschool books have noted much gender stereotyping but gradually increasing visibility of female characters. This research updated the past studies and expected to find decreasing gender stereotyping. Results showed tliat human female characters liave become increasingly visible, with close to equal numerical representation, and a wider variety of attributes and activities. Though significant male-female differences in depiction of gender-stereotypic traits have diminished, subtle traditional expectations are still present in many of these books.