Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Endogenous Business Cycles in the Overlapping Generations Market Game Model

This paper examines an overlapping generations version of the Shapley-Shubik market game model with production. We show the existence of equilibria for the model and study the price dynamics generated in the model through strategic interactions. Conditions for the existence of complex and chaotic equilibrium dynamics are characterized, which are more complicated than in the overlapping generations market game model without production. Our analysis shows that production combined with price-taking behavior by households locks down the ratio of output and input prices, which then reduces the nonlinearity that arises in the pure exchange model.
1 HYDROGEN SOLUBILITY IN FURFURAL AND 2-PROPANOL : EXPERIMENTS AND MODELING

Production of valuable chemicals from furfural through hydrotreatment requires information of hydrogen solubility in furfural and the most often applied solvent, 2-propanol. This study investigates hydrogen solubility in furfural and 2-propanol at the temperature range of 323 476 K and pressure range up to 12.5 MPa. The measured data are compared to prediction with Soave-Redlich-Kwong, Peng-Robinson, and Perturbed-Chain Statistically Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) equations of state. The most accurate prediction of hydrogen solubility in furfural and 2-propanol was obtained with PC-SAFT.
Exogenous Application of Abscisic or Salicylic Acid Alleviates Irrigation Water Salinity Stress on Hamelia patens Plants

This study was conducted at the Experimental Nursery of the Ornamental Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt during the two successive seasons of 2014 and 2015. This work aimed to investigate the response of Hamelia patens plants grown under irrigation water salinity stress to foliar application of different concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA). Salinity stress was imposed by irrigation with saline water containing NaCl and CaCl (1:1 w/w) at concentrations of 2 1500, 3000 and 4500 ppm. In addition, control plants were irrigated using tap water (270 ppm). Plants receiving each of the irrigation water salinity treatments were sprayed monthly with either ABA or SA at concentration of 50 or 100 ppm for each one, while the control plants were sprayed with tap water. Increasing salinity of irrigation water reduced vegetative growth parameters (plant height, number of branches/plant, stem diameter, leaf area, root length as well as fresh and dry weights of leaves; stems and roots/plant); flowering characteristics (number of inflorescences / plant, fresh and dry weights of inflorescences) and chemical constituents of total chlorophylls, total carbohydrates and K contents in leaves. Raising the salt concentration in the irrigation water increased the contents of proline, Ca, Na and Cl in leaves. Exogenous application of ABA or SA had a positive effect on vegetative and flowering parameters, in most cases and increased total chlorophylls, total carbohydrates, proline, K and Ca and decreased the accumulation of toxic Na and Cl ions in leaves. Spraying Hamelia patens plants irrigated with saline water up to 4500 ppm with any concentration of ABA or SA alleviated irrigation water salinity stress on vegetative and flowering characteristics and reduced accumulation of Na and Cl in leaves of plants. SA treatments were more effective than ABA treatments. Foliar application of SA at 50 ppm was the best and economic treatment to alleviate the adverse effects of irrigation water salinity up to 4500 ppm on the growth and flowering characteristics of Hamelia patens plants.
Exploring Authorial Identity in terms of Voice Intensity and Subject-Positioning in the Argumentative Writings of Male and Female Iranian Advanced EFL Learners

Academic writing is not just about presenting a set of ideas, but through the act of writing, the authors position themselves as individuals having particular identities which mostly reflect the dominant sociocultural values and practices of the discourse communities in which they are living and performing. The present study, using a mixed method approach, attempted to explore the evidences of voice and subject positioning, as reflections of authorial identity, in the argumentative writings of 41 advanced Iranian EFL learners. At first, the relationship between voice intensity and overall writing quality of the participants was assessed and the results indicated a positive relationship between the constructs. The multiple regression analysis conducted also revealed that assertiveness, as one of the main subcomponents of voice in writing, had the highest level of contribution in accounting for the writing competence of the learners. Afterwards, some representative instances of subject-positioning (i.e., ideational, interpersonal and textual) in the written texts were identified and discussed based on the ideological context of the study since it is believed that authorial identity and voice can vividly reflect the overall ideology of the specific discourse community in which they are constructed. Finally, it was suggested that raising the awareness of learners and even instructing them about the significance of authorial identity, voice and subject-positioning in writing can assist them in constructing more authentic texts in terms of idea presentation, consideration of readers and specific textual and linguistic features used.
Efficacy Aloe Vera in Treatment: A Literature Review

Medical plants are the best source for getting treatment from various disease [1]. Using of natural substances with therapeutic properties has been used since ancient times [2]. At present, a number of prescribed drugs comes from plants [3]. Aloe vera has been used for medical purpose in several cultures for a thousand of years Egypt, India, Mexico, Japan and China [4]. This plant has triangular leaves. Fleshy with jagged edges, yellow tubular flowers and fruits which contain a lot of seeds. Every leaf consults of 3 clear get which of containing 99% water and the other are made of glucomannan, amino acid, lipids, sterols, vitamins, and middle lays of latex which of bitter yellow sap and contains anthraquinone, glycosides, and thick out layer of is 15-20 cells referred to as peel that has a protective function, synthesize carbohyidrates and proteins. Inside the skin is a collection of blood vessels responsible to transport substances such as water (xylem) and starch (phloem) [4]. Various aloe vera extracts are mate to be easy is used in medicine to humans like gel, oil, juice, and tablets. In several researches in-vitro indicate that aloe vera leaves showed contain more than 75 nutrients and 200 active compounds, including 20 minerals, 18 amino acids and 12 vitamins. Also contain the most important components which is needed by the human body [5] Aloe vera has vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, B12, C and E. Aloe vera has a high enzyme content (for about 92 enzyme), which makes it a rare source and valuable because of enzyme help the body absorb basic nutrients at the same time purifying it and used as an antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, can be used to accelerate the healing process of wounds [6-8]. By looking at kinds of treatment using aloe vera above, so that was done a deep literature to treatment using aloe vera in dealing with health problems.
Non-culminating accomplishments

This paper focuses on non-culminating accomplishments and distinguishes them from accomplishments used atelically. It delineates two diﬀerent sources of event culmination denials after non-progressive accomplishment sentences, namely the perfective, or a modal operator encoded in the VP. Furthermore, it argues that non-culminating accomplishments also diﬀer from non-maximal accomplishments, which entail event culmination relative to a coarse granularity level, but allow culmination denials relative to a ﬁner granularity level, via the non-maximal use of the (in-)deﬁnite description used to introduce the incremental theme argument.
Evaluation of Agronomic Traits of Wheat Genotypes under Different Irrigation Regimes

Wheat is one of the important cereal crops in the world and is the main staple food for many. Among the different environmental stresses, drought is the most critical threatening wheat productivity worldwide. This study evaluated and classified morphological and physiological characteristics of wheat genotypes in two non-stress and drought-stress conditions. A field study was conducted at the Research Station of Agricultural Faculty of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Iran between 2012 and 2013. Thirty wheat genotypes with six replications were sown in a randomised complete block design. As indicated in the results analysis of variance, the studied genotypes were genetically different in all characteristics. The grain yield had positive correlation with straw yield, harvest index, and biological yield Based on factor analysis, in the non-stressed condition, the first factor was referred to as yield, and in the stressed condition, the first factor was called yield components. To classify genotypes, cluster analysis was performed on the Ward method. The results of the analysis were divided into three groups in non-stressed experiment genotypes while in stress experiment genotypes, they were divided into four groups. Considering the cluster analysis, the first group was presented as the optimal one in the non-stress condition. The results indicated that in order to obtain the desirable grain yield, we can increase most of the traits with positive and significant correlations with the yield.
Analysis of Mortality and Survival Rate of Liver Cancer in Zhejiang Province in China: A General Population-Based Study

Background Few accurate up-to-date studies provide liver cancer mortality and survival information in Zhejiang province. This research aimed to depict the mortality and survival of liver cancer in Zhejiang province in China during 2005-2010. Methods The data were collected from the Zhejiang Chronic Disease Surveillance Information and Management System, and the mortality rates of liver cancer were calculated by gender, age, and areas. Chinese population census in 2000 and Segi's world population were used for age-standardized mortality rate. The observed and relative survival rates of liver cancer patients were analyzed. Results The crude mortality rate of liver cancer was 32.11/105. The age-standardized mortality rate was 17.39/105 and 23.07/105 by Chinese population (ASIRC) and Segi's world population (ASIRW), respectively. The crude liver cancer mortality rate and age-standardized rate in urban areas were lower than those of rural areas. The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year observed survival (OS) rates of liver cancer patients were 38.61%, 21.65%, and 16.83%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year relative survival (RS) rates of liver cancer patients were 39.49%, 23.27%, and 19.09%, respectively. Survival rate decreased obviously within 1 to 5 years and then leveled off. It was shown that the male overall survival rate was higher than the female one and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Both lower mortality and better survival rates were observed in urban areas, compared to rural areas. Relevant parties including government, public resource, and propaganda department should devote enough attention to rural areas.
Independent Influence of Blood Pressure on QTc Interval: Results from a General Chinese Population

Aims We performed the current study primarily to characterize the independent association of blood pressure with heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval after adjusting for cardiovascular confounding factors and left ventricular mass (LVM) in a large general population in China. Methods All enrolled 10,553 permanent residents with age ≥ 35 years from Liaoning Province were investigated by a questionnaire and then subjected to physical examinations, laboratory analyses, and electrocardiogram (ECG) as well as echocardiogram at the same visit. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the independent association of blood pressure with QTc interval. Results Hypertensive subjects had significantly longer QTc interval and higher prevalence of prolonged QTc interval compared with normotensive ones in all subgroups stratified by gender and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (all Ps ≤ 0.001). Multiple relevant clinical confounding factors and LVM were all adjusted in the multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses. As a result, both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were independently associated with QTc interval (β = 0.12 and 0.16, respectively; Ps < 0.001). Furthermore, as categorical variables, hypertension was independently associated with prolonged QTc interval (OR = 1.71; P < 0.001). Sex-specific analyses revealed that the independent associations were detected in both males and females (all Ps < 0.001). Conclusions These key findings of the current study highlighted the fact that hypertension was significantly associated with prolonged QTc interval and the correlations were independent of confounding factors and LVM.
Care for Carers: an Investigation on Family Caregivers’ Needs, Tasks, and Experiences

Family caregivers have an essential active role in cancer patients assistance at home. They play a key role in the management of patients and provide some caregiving activities once provided only by professional caregivers. Often they are not adequately trained or prepared, however a systematic assessment of their needs is rarely practiced. For these reasons, this preliminary investigation was designed to better identify the needs and changes in the lifestyles of family caregivers of home cancer palliative care. Participants have completed a battery of self-report questionnaires, including the Caregiving Tasks Consequences and Needs Questionnaire (CaTCoN), that measures caregivers’ experiences (the extent of cancer caregiving tasks and consequences) and the caregivers’ needs, mainly concerning the interaction with the health care professionals. The results confirmed that cancer caregiving is burdensome. Large proportions of caregivers experienced substantial caregiving workload as well as a range of negative consequences, e.g. lack of time for social relations. Furthermore, considerable proportions of caregivers experienced problems or had unmet needs regarding the interaction with health care professionals. Prominent problematic aspects included the provision of enough information to the caregivers and attention to the caregivers’ well-being and feelings. The assessment of caregivers’ needs is a critical step for determining appropriate support services, providing high-quality care, achieving caregiver satisfaction, and decreasing caregiver burden. Findings of this investigation will certainly contribute to develop and publish Guidelines and to provide programmes and on-going education where caregivers feel supported in their role.
Lung Cancer Patient and Caregiver Health Vulnerabilities and Interest in Health Promotion Interventions: An Exploratory Study

Introduction Lung cancer patients and their caregivers are at risk for negative health behaviors and poor psychosocial functioning, but few interventions exist that target this population. To inform intervention development, we explored potential targets and interest and concordance in health promotion interventions among lung cancer patients and their caregivers. Methods Lung cancer patients (n = 18) with a smoking history and their caregivers (n = 15) participated in a cross-sectional, observational survey study (an average of 1 month postdiagnosis) to assess health behaviors, psychosocial functioning, and interest in health promotion interventions. Fisher’s exact and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests examined factors associated with intervention interest. McNemar’s test examined concordance in interest. Results Many caregivers (40%) reported providing care at least 4 days per week, and over half (53.3%) reported a smoking history. Patients reported high cancer self-blame (mean = 3.1, standard deviation = 0.9, range = 1–4). Patients (55.6%) and caregivers (60%) reported clinically significant depressive symptoms. There was high interest and concordance in interest in cancer education (patients, 77.8%; caregivers, 86.7%) and diet and exercise (patients, 66.7%; caregivers, 80%) interventions. Significantly more caregivers were interested in stress reduction (patients, 53.3%; caregivers, 73.3%; P = .05) and yoga (patients, 16.7%; caregivers, 50%; P = .03) than patients. Caregivers interested in stress reduction interventions had higher levels of distress than those not interested. Discussion Health promotion interventions are needed and of interest to lung cancer patients and caregivers. Shared interests in interventions suggest dyadic interventions may be appropriate, yet interventions should also address distinct patient and caregiver needs.
Search for Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers of Prostate Inflammation-Related Disorders: Role of Transglutaminase Isoforms as Potential Candidates

Investigations on prostate inflammation-related disorders, including acute and chronic prostatitis, chronic pelvic pain syndrome, benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate cancer (PCa), are still ongoing to find new, accurate, and noninvasive biomarkers for a differential diagnosis of those pathological conditions sharing some common macroscopic features. Moreover, an ideal biomarker should be useful for risk assessment of prostate inflammation progression to more severe disorders, like BPH or PCa, as well as for monitoring of treatment response and prognosis establishment in carcinoma cases. Recent literature evidence highlighted that changes in the expression of transglutaminases, enzymes that catalyze transamidation reactions leading to posttranslational modifications of soluble proteins, occur in prostate inflammation-related disorders. This review focuses on the role specifically played by transglutaminases 4 (TG4) and 2 (TG2) and suggests that both isoenzymes hold a potential to be included in the list of candidates as novel diagnostic biomarkers for the above-cited prostate pathological conditions.
Analysis of recanalization of deep venous thrombosis: a comparative study of patients treated with warfarin vs. rivaroxaban

Abstract Background Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) strikes around ten million people worldwide every year and is associated with major complications including pulmonary embolism and post-thrombotic syndrome. Anticoagulation is the standard treatment, with administration of heparins, vitamin K antagonists, fondaparinux, or, more recently, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Anticoagulants reduce thrombus progression and facilitate natural thrombolytic mechanisms, leading to a phenomenon known as recanalization, which can occur in varying degrees and over variable periods of time, under influence from many different factors, including the type of anticoagulation employed. Objectives To evaluate the degree of recanalization and the time taken, by analysis of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) reports from patients with DVT treated with DOACs or with heparin + warfarin. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted of demographic data and CDU reports from patients with DVT who had been treated from January 2009 to December 2016. These patients were classified into two groups, according to the treatment given: Group I (heparin + warfarin): 26 patients; or Group II (rivaroxaban): 51 patients. The primary outcomes assessed were degree of recanalization and time taken. Results Recanalization rates at 30, 90, and 180 days were 10%, 52.5%, and 78.9%, respectively, in Group I, and 55.3%, 83.5%, and 92.4%, respectively, in Group II, with statistically significant difference (p = 0.041). Conclusions Both treatments led to recanalization. Recanalization occurred earlier among patients treated with rivaroxaban.
The Role of Physical Frailty Independent Components on Increased Disabilities in Institutionalized Older Women

The purpose of this study was to identify the independent components of physical frailty that most influence disability indicators in institutionalized older women. A cross-sectional study with 319 participants (81.96±7.89 years old) was performed. Disability was assessed through dynamic and static balance tests, activities of daily life and falls risk screen. Fried physical frailty protocol was used to access physical frailty. The frail subgroup displayed the weakest results for all disability indicators (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that in the two models tested, low physical activity levels and slowness were the physical frailty independent components that better associated with the disability indicators. More studies with larger samples will help to better understand the independent relationship of each physical frailty component with disability outcomes and assist to design a co-adjuvant treatment to reverse physical frailty.
Advanced Lipid Technologies® (ALT®): A Proven Formulation Platform to Enhance the Bioavailability of Lipophilic Compounds

Despite recent advances, the drug development process continues to face significant challenges to efficiently improve the poor solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) in aqueous media or to improve the bioavailability of lipid-based formulations. The inherent high intra- and interindividual variability of absorption of oral lipophilic drug leads to inconsistent and unpredictable bioavailability and magnitude of the therapeutic effect. For this reason, the development of lipid-based drugs remains a challenging endeavour with a high risk of failure. Therefore, effective strategies to assure a predictable, consistent, and reproducible bioavailability and therapeutic effect for lipid-based medications are needed. Different solutions to address this problem have been broadly studied, including the approaches of particle size reduction, prodrugs, salt forms, cocrystals, solid amorphous forms, cyclodextrin clathrates, and lipid-based drug delivery systems such as self-emulsifying systems and liposomes. Here, we provide a brief description of the current strategies commonly employed to increase the bioavailability of lipophilic drugs and present Advanced Lipid Technologies® (ALT®), a combination of different surfactants that has been demonstrated to improve the absorption of omega-3 fatty acids under various physiological and pathological states.
The Pungent and Hot Chinese Herbs Cause Heat Syndrome in Rats by Affecting the Regulatory T Cells

Heat syndrome is a folk saying in China, which is used to describe people with symptoms such as aphtha, oral ulcer, glossitis, swelling and aching of gingiva, and dry eye. Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. (A), Zingiber officinale Rosc. (Z), and Cinnamomum cassia Presl (C) are the representatives of pungent and hot Chinese herbs which may cause heat syndrome. In order to explore the mechanism of pungent herbs-induced heat syndrome, rats were treated with AZC extracts at different concentrations and at different time periods. A series of cytokines were determined using the cytokine antibody array; some immunosuppressive cytokines, including TGF-β, IL-10, and IL-35, significantly increased in AZC group as compared with control group. Higher mRNA expressions of Foxp3, TGF-β, IL-10, and IL-35 were found in the spleen and thymus of rats after treatment for 18 days based on RT-PCR. Flow cytometry result revealed that the percentage of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells and Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ Treg cells in spleen lymphocytes showed an increasing trend from the 3rd day to the 18th day after treatment with middle dose of AZC extracts. It is speculated that extracts of AZC herbs may affect the development of heat syndrome by influencing Treg cells and immunosuppressive cytokines.