Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID CONCENTRATION ON STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF APPICAL MERISTEMS ON in vitro Aloe barbadensis Mill.

Ascorbic acid is one of the major metabolite in higher plants cells which is known as effective factor when the cells enter to "S" phase from "G1" phase of cytokine- sis. This metabolite has antioxidant activity and increases plant tolerance against stressors such as salinity, pathogens, ozone, UV rays, etc. The current study used the common cel- lular and histological methods to evaluate the effect of 0.05 to 2.5 mM ascorbic acid on vegetative meristems of Aloe barbadensis plants obtained from stem explants propagated in vitro culture conditions. Results showed that low concentrations of ascorbic acid (0.5 to 1 mM) increase mitotic index in apical meristem and root quiescent center (QC). More- over, treatment with ascorbic acid increases cellular dimensions in cell elongation region of root and mitotic divisions in this region. In some measurements, it was clear that in ad- dition to increase root length in plants treated with ascorbic acid, distance from root hairs zone to root cap increases compared to the control, which is a logical conclusion from in- creasing cell elongation and divisions in cell elongation zone. Also, ascorbic acid in- creased production of secondary roots through stimulating cells of pericycle and increas- ing divisions in this region. Apical meristem of stem treated with ascorbic acid had more convexity homogenous with more chromophilic level. Increasing stem length and number of leaves in plants treated with ascorbic acid could be related to the high cells' mitotic ac- tivity in stem apical meristem. Moreover, ascorbic acid could stimulate cell division, in- creasing area of meristem zone, and effective on severity of differentiation.
Interplay of Serum Erythropoietin and Inflammatory Cytokine in Anemic Tuberculosis Patients

"Introduction- As tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease the anemia of inflammation may contribute significantly in pathophysiology of anemic tuberculosis patients so this study was carried out to find out the role of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF α) and serum erythropoietin (EPO) in anemic tuberculosis Patients. Material & Methods - The study comprised of sixty-eight anemic pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Levels of Heamoglobin ( Hb), serum Iron, serum erythropoietin & serum TNF α were analyzed in all of them. Result- The inflammatory parameter TNF α along with serum erythropoietin was found to be increased in anemic tuberculosis patient and levels of Hb, iron was decreased. Hemoglobin showed fair degree of linear relationship with TNF levels (r = -0.273). Heamoglobin and erythropoietin did not show linear or inverse correlation with each other(r= 0.161). Iron showed negative but non linear correlation with TNF & EPO levels(r= -.128 & -0.042 ). TNF and erythropoietin showed inverse but non linear correlation with each other ( r= -0.100). Conclusion - Insufficient response of erythropoietin to the degree of anemia was found and an increased level of tumor necrosis factor was probably the contributing factor in induction of anemia in tuberculosis patients. "
DETERMINANTS OF BOARD SIZE AND COMPOSITION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NIGERIAN AND MALAYSIAN QUOTED COMPANIES

The broad objective of the study is to examine the determinants of board size and composition in Nigerian and Malaysian quoted banks.The population of the study is the universe of banks quoted on the Nigerian and Malaysian Stock Exchanges as at 31 December 2014. A sample of fourteen (14) banks for Nigeria and a sample of eighteen (18) banks for Malaysia were purposively selected for the study. The study employed panel regression technique based on the quality of unbiasedness, increased data point, and control for individual heterogeneity. To test the accuracy of the model, we employed the classical regression assumption tests of normality, heteroskedasticity, serial correlation and multicollinearity. The study revealed a significant relationship between firm size and board size and composition.The impact of firm size on board size was positive in the case of Nigeria but negative in the Malaysian case. The impact on board composition is positive in the case of Malaysia but negative in the Nigerian case. The EKON. MISAO I PRAKSA DBK. GOD XXV. (2016.) BR. 2. (423-444) Ilaboya, O. J., Ohiokha, G. , Izevbekhai, M. O. : DETERMI. 424 relationship between free cash flow and board size was negative but significant only in the Malaysian case. The impact of free cash flow on board composition was positive and significant only in the Nigerian case. The mixed result between firm size and board size and composition calls for moderately sized firms. The increased free cash flow increases the potentials for private benefit and calls for increased ratio of external to internal board members for more effective monitoring.
THE DETAILED CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF M31 STAR CLUSTERS. I. Fe, ALPHA AND LIGHT ELEMENTS

We present ages, [Fe/H] and abundances of the α elements Ca i, Si i, Ti i, Ti ii, and light elements Mg i, Na i, and Al i for 31 globular clusters (GCs) in M31, which were obtained from high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio >60 echelle spectra of their integrated light (IL). All abundances and ages are obtained using our original technique for high-resolution IL abundance analysis of GCs. This sample provides a never before seen picture of the chemical history of M31. The GCs are dispersed throughout the inner and outer halo, from 2.5 kpc < RM31 < 117 kpc. We find a range of [Fe/H] within 20 kpc of the center of M31, and a constant [Fe/H] ∼ − 1.6 for the outer halo clusters. We find evidence for at least one massive GC in M31 with an age between 1 and 5 Gyr. The α-element ratios are generally similar to the Milky Way GC and field star ratios. We also find chemical evidence for a late-time accretion origin for at least one cluster, which has a different abundance pattern than other clusters at similar metallicity. We find evidence for star-to-star abundance variations in Mg, Na, and Al in the GCs in our sample, and find correlations of Ca, Mg, Na, and possibly Al abundance ratios with cluster luminosity and velocity dispersion, which can potentially be used to constrain GC self-enrichment scenarios. Data presented here were obtained with the HIRES echelle spectrograph on the Keck I telescope.
Marital Fertility and Wealth During the Fertility Transition: Rural France, 1750–1850

It has been long established that the demographic transition began in eighteenth-century France, yet there is no consensus on exactly why fertility declined. This analysis links fertility life histories to wealth at death data for four rural villages in France, 1750–1850. For the first time, the wealth–fertility relationship during the onset of the French fertility decline can be analysed. Where fertility is declining, wealth is a powerful predictor of smaller family size. This article argues that fertility decline in France was a result of changing levels of economic inequality, associated with the 1789 Revolution. In cross-section, the data support this hypothesis: where fertility is declining, economic inequality is lower than where fertility is high.
Pathogenesis of Chronic Chlamydial Infections

Introduction Chlamydia pneumoniae was initially recognized as a cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia and bronchitis in both adults and children (1-7), hence the species name “pneumoniae. ” Moreover, C. pneumoniae was noted in some individuals to cause a persistent respiratory tract infection following an acute infection (8), which is entirely consistent with the known chronic nature of chlamydial infections (9,10). In addition, C. pneumoniae has been shown to establish a subclinical asymptomatic respiratory tract infection (11).
Astrophysics with Extraterrestrial Materials

Extraterrestrial materials, including meteorites, interplanetary dust, and spacecraft-returned asteroidal and cometary samples, provide a record of the starting materials and early evolution of the Solar System. We review how laboratory analyses of these materials provide unique information, complementary to astronomical observations, about a wide variety of stellar, interstellar and protoplanetary processes. Presolar stardust grains retain the isotopic compositions of their stellar sources, mainly asymptotic giant branch stars and Type II supernovae. They serve as direct probes of nucleosynthetic and dust formation processes in stars, galactic chemical evolution, and interstellar dust processing. Extinct radioactivities suggest that the Sun's birth environment was decoupled from average galactic nucleosynthesis for some tens to hundreds of Myr but was enriched in short-lived isotopes from massive stellar winds or explosions shortly before or during formation of the Solar System. Radiometric dating of met.
Modeling Target-Distractor Discrimination for Haptic Search in a 3D Environment

The ability to discriminate between target and distractors, using the information perceived by the hand over time, is essential to perform haptic search successfully, be it for a human hand or a suitably sensorized anthropomorphic robot hand. To address the latter, we train a binary classifier to perform this discrimination during unconstrained haptic search performed by sighted study participants who were blindfolded. In this work, we test different representational concepts and compare the results with the human classification performance. This approach both guides our understanding of human haptic interaction with the 3D environment and aids future modeling of artificial touch for anthropomorphic robot hands. Our contribution is three-fold. Firstly, we are able to acquire a synchronized multimodal time series of exceptionally high spatio-temporal resolution of both the 3D environment and the hand with our novel experimental setup. It includes our Modular Haptic Stimulus Board to represent a 3D environment and a novel tactile glove equipped with position tracking markers and joint angle sensors. Secondly, we introduce a machine learning approach inspired by a novel application of the feature guidance concept for vision (Wolfe et al., 2007 [1]) to modeling of haptic search in a 3D environment, focusing on the target-distractor discrimination. Finally, we compare results for two different types of artificial neural networks, a feedforward and a recurrent network. We show that using recurrent networks, and therefore integrating information over time, improves the classification results. The evaluation also shows that classification accuracy is the highest for the combination of both the tactile and the joint angle modalities.
Detecting Institutional Dialog Acts in Police Traffic Stops

We apply computational dialog methods to police body-worn camera footage to model conversations between police officers and community members in traffic stops. Relying on the theory of institutional talk, we develop a labeling scheme for police speech during traffic stops, and a tagger to detect institutional dialog acts (Reasons, Searches, Offering Help) from transcribed text at the turn (78% F-score) and stop (89% F-score) level. We then develop speech recognition and segmentation algorithms to detect these acts at the stop level from raw camera audio (81% F-score, with even higher accuracy for crucial acts like conveying the reason for the stop). We demonstrate that the dialog structures produced by our tagger could reveal whether officers follow law enforcement norms like introducing themselves, explaining the reason for the stop, and asking permission for searches. This work may therefore inform and aid efforts to ensure the procedural justice of police-community interactions.
A Communication Approach to Campus Bottled Water Campaigns

This article applies a communication/persuasion model to examine what characteristics of students on a United States university campus are associated with drinking bottled water. Survey results show that those who drank more bottled water included non-Whites, those who trusted traditional organizations more and environmental organizations and scientists less, those who read the campus newspaper, and those who valued water safety, taste, and convenience more. Significant bivariate influences on more frequent bottled water drinking that did not persist in the hierarchical regression included conservatism, religiosity, Christian religion, nonindividualism, less interpersonal communication about environmental issues, less civic involvement, younger age, and fewer environmental behaviors. Groups working to reduce bottled water consumption on campuses should provide access to filtered water and emphasize the connection between bottled water and environmental issues, rather than health issues.
Utilizing information technology to improve communication and information sharing LUDVIG ROGBERG

Conducting a megaproject is a large and complex commitment, which have been proven by many cases where megaprojects have exceeded budget, time-plan or have experienced quality issues. In fact, 90% of the conducted megaprojects faces these issues. Megaprojects as an area of research have lately experienced increased attention. The focus of this research has mainly been targeted on political, financial and psychological factors that have an influence on project failure. Less attention has been given to functional aspects regarding how to manage and perform a megaproject. However, one critical aspect that has been identified is communication and information sharing, which must be handled in an efficient and precise way. One way of doing this is to implement IT-systems, which is why this thesis aims to investigate how the utilization of information technology within megaprojects can improve and support communication and information sharing. The research has been done by conducting a case study at an engineering consulting company within the division for infrastructure developments, where two independent megaprojects were analysed. It was shown that two different types of information is shared within a megaproject, quantitative information which is of a status reporting kind, and qualitative information that is of a more descriptive nature. To communicate this varying information, an IT-system could be used. However, for the IT-system to be effectively utilized it is required that the system is able to manage various types of information differently. If this is achieved, an IT-system can make sure that project members in an effective way are provided with the information necessary for their work, and thus provide with increased control and a more efficient coordination. Key-words: Megaproject, IT-system utilization, communication process, information sharing and knowledge sharing. Examensarbete INDEK 2017:109 Digitaliserad kommunikation inom megaprojekt Användning av informationsteknologi för att förbättra kommunikation och informationsdelning Ludvig Rogberg Joakim Wretskog Godkänt 9 juni 2017 Examinator Charlotte Holgersson Handledare Johann Packendorff Uppdragsgivare Kontaktperson
The multifractal analysis of Birkhoff averages and large deviations

For one-sided subshifts of nite type, we describe the ne structure of the exceptional set in the Birkho ergodic theorem for Holder continuous functions. We show an intimate connection with large deviation theory for Birkho averages, and we provide several applications to probability and number theory, including a problem popularized by Billingsly. We study the decomposition of the phase space into level sets of the Birkho average. We show that there are typically uncountably many dense level sets and that each level set carries an auxiliary equilibrium measure, with constant pointwise dimension (a type of selfsimilarity). These equilibrium measures, each supported on a measure zero set, are key to our analysis. Floris Takens has been a pioneer in the dimension theory of dynamical systems and a leader in the multifractal analysis of dynamical characteristics. We dedicate this manuscipt on the multifractal analysis of Birkho averages to him. Let : +A ! + A be an topologically mixing one-sided subshift of nite type [Wal], and 2 C( +A;R) a continuous function. Denote by (x) the Birkho average of along the orbit of the point x, i.e., (x) = lim n! 1 1 n n 1 X
Study on the damage mechanism of articular cartilage based on the fluid–solid coupled particle model

Articular cartilage damage is the primary cause of osteoarthritis. Very little literature work focuses on the microstructural damage mechanism of articular cartilage. In this article, a new numerical method that characterizes fluid coupling in particle model is proposed to study the damage mechanism of articular cartilage. Numerical results show that the damage mechanism of articular cartilage is related to the microstructure of collagen. The damage mechanism of superficial articular cartilage is tangential damage. On the other hand, horizontal separation is the damage mechanism of deep articular cartilage. The new numerical method shows the capability to effectively reveal the damage mechanism of superficial articular cartilage.
Heavy metal status of Polish konik horses from stable-pasture and outdoor maintenance systems in the Masurian environment

Among domestic animals, cattle and horses kept on pasture and fed with hay and straw are exposed most prominently to environmental pollution. Determination of the status of heavy metals in bodies of horses is important for two reasons. Firstly, it helps to assess the level of environmental contamination. Secondly, heavy metals can have considerable influence on animals living outdoors. The aim of the study has been to verify whether the level of Cr, Mn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Ni in the coat hair and cornified structures of hooves may differ between horses maintained alternately in a stable and on pasture and living outdoors all year long, with Polish Koniks from Mazury (the Masurian Lake District) taken as an example. Possible effects of the feeding season and age of horses were considered. In total, 35 Polish Konik horses were examined, either kept in a stable-pasture system in Popielno or outdoors in Wojnowo. Sixty-two samples of summer and winter coat hair, 28 samples of hoof horn, as well as 10 samples of pasture plants and water were analyzed. The data were elaborated with the use multi-factor analysis of variance, T-Tukey-Kramer test and Pearson’s correlation. The results show that Polish Konik horses bred in Mazury have a low heavy metal concentration in the coat hair and hoof horn. The stable-pasture and outdoor maintenance systems hardly differentiate the element content, whereas the winter feeding results in
Structure-activity relationships of phenolic and nonphenolic aromatic acids as oviposition stimuli for the spruce budworm , Choristoneura fumiferana ( Lepidoptera : Tortricidae )

In a study of carboxylic acids affecting oviposition preference of the spruce budworm, a major defoliator of conifers in North America, nonphenolic aromatic acids and phenolic acids were compared in a dual-choice bioassay to assess structure-activity relationships. Among a series of nonphenolic aromatic acids with a C1 C6 alkanoic, C3 C4 alkenoic or C3 alkynoic side chain, females displayed the greatest preference for acids with a saturated C3 C4 side chain (MW = 150 -164) at dosages of 78.6 and 786 nmol/cm. This behavioral activity was consistent with the previously reported strong oviposition preference of female budworm for aliphatic acids of similar molecular weight; that is, for C8 C10 straight chain carboxylic acids (MW = 144 172) and cyclohexyl carboxylic acids (MW = 142 -170). In contrast, comparable phenolic acids at the same dosages acted as oviposition deterrents. In general, the deterrent effect of phenolic acids was greatest when the length of the acid side chain consisted of 3 carbons and the number of hydroxyl and/or methoxy groups on the aromatic ring was greater than one. Ferulic and sinapic acids exemplified this trend and were the strongest deterrents among the phenolic acids tested. Apparently, the presence or absence of an hydroxyl (or methoxy) group on the aromatic ring accounts for the difference in the observed behavioral effects between the two groups of aromatic com-
Components and Drivers of Long-term Risk Communication: Exploring the Within-Communicator, Relational, and Content Dimensions in the Swedish Forest Context

Risk communication is important for a sustainable management of natural resources. Even though risk management is ideally ongoing, studies of long-term risk communication from the perspective of the communicator are lacking. This case study examined the preparation and implementation of forest risk communication in Sweden. Interviews were conducted with advisors at the Swedish Forest Agency, responsible for providing information to forest owners and professional foresters dealing with risks damaging the forest (e.g., storms and forest management damaging ecological values). The communicator’s perspective was analyzed based on a conceptual framework describing risk communication by means of the components: within-communicator, relational, and content. Potential drivers of the preparation and implementation of risk communication in this context, intersecting the three components, included the policy and regulatory framework, the management of the agency, the location of the agency, and the balancing of different interests.
Symplectic fillings of lens spaces as Lefschetz fibrations

We construct a positive allowable Lefschetz fibration over the disk on any minimal weak symplectic filling of the canonical contact structure on a lens space. Using this construction we prove that any minimal symplectic filling of the canonical contact structure on a lens space is obtained by a sequence of rational blowdowns from the minimal resolution of the corresponding complex two-dimensional cyclic quotient singularity.