Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SIMULATION OF WELDING STRESSES FOR FATIGUE DESIGN OF WELDED TUBULAR CONNECTIONS

This paper presents a 3D thermo-mechanical model of arc-welding applied to tubular K-joints susceptible to fatigue cracking. The 3D torch trajectory is reproduced to simulate both temperatures and stresses during welding and ultimately the 3D residual stress distribution after cooling. The influence of latent heat, of the increase of thermal conductivity to simulate the fluid convection within the weld pool, the activation of finite elements to simulate the use of filler wire and the number of passes on as-welded residual stresses is assessed using ABAQUS. Actions taken to simplify the problem and reduce the computation time are presented and discussed. Comparisons of fusion zones obtained numerically and using optical macrographs as well as comparisons between calculated and measured residual stresses are presented. This numerical analysis highlights high tensile residual stresses occurring at the gap zone which is the most critical location where fatigue cracks initiate and propagate in tubular bridge K-joints.
THE AUTOMATIC ACTIVATION OF GOAL-DIRECTED BEHAVIOUR: THE CASE OF TRAVEL HABIT

In the present paper, automaticity in habitual travel mode choice behaviour was investigated. Expanding on the idea that habits are mentally represented, it was proposed that when travel behaviour is habitual, activation of a travel goal automatically activates a travel mode in memory. In an experiment, participants were presented with travel goals (e.g. having to go to the university) and asked to mention a transport mode. The typical travel mode choice for those destinations was either permitted, or not permitted under conditions of cognitive load or not. Results showed that suppressing habitual responses is difficult, and often not successful under conditions of cognitive load, indicating that a transport mode choice can become automatically associated with travel goals.
ROUTINE OUTCOME MONITORING AND FEEDBACK IN PSYCHOTHERAPY

174 lthough currently the efficacy of psychotherapy is well established (American Psychological Association [APA], 2013), between 40% and 60% of people who come to treatment do not benefit from it, either because they give up prematurely, they do not improve during treatment or they deteriorate (Lambert, 2010; Lampropoulos, 2011; Shimokawa, Lambert, & Smart, 2010; Swift & Greenberg, 2014). The literature also shows that this finding is repeated through different models and psychotherapeutic approaches (Imel, Laska, Jakupcak, & Simpson, 2013; Wampold & Imel, 2015). Other noteworthy findings of the last 15 years of research in psychotherapy include the decisive role of the patient, which is the variable that explains the most percentage of variance of the outcome of psychotherapy (APA, 2013; Bohart & Wade, 2013; Wampold & Imel, 2015), and the existence of supershrinks, psychotherapists and clinical psychologists who systematically obtain better results than most of their peers (Castonguay & Hill, 2017; Chow, 2014; Okiishi, Lambert, Nielsen, & Ogles, 2003; Prado-Abril, Sánchez-Reales, & Inchausti, 2017). The common factors movement in psychotherapy, despite certain criticisms (González-Blanch & Carral-Fernández, 2017), continues to be a consistent, fruitful and stimulating line of empirical research (Norcross, 2011). Some variables of the psychotherapeutic process are more determinant of the outcome of psychological treatments than the techniques used or the model of theoretical ascription (Flückiger, Del Re, Wampold, & Horvath, 2018; Gimeno-Peón, Barrio-Nespereira, & Álvarez-Casariego, 2018). Among the process variables that have greater empirical support are the therapeutic alliance, both in psychotherapy with adults and with adolescents, and both in individual format and in family-systemic format, cohesion in group therapy, empathy of the therapist perceived by the patient and collecting feedback from patients (Norcross & Wampold, 2011). In this article, the variable related to the importance of collecting and using the feedback of patients about the progress of psychotherapeutic treatment is analyzed in a preliminary way in our context. Furthermore, it is analyzed by presenting a specific assessment and monitoring system, the Partners for Change Outcome Management System (PCOMS; Duncan & Miller, 2008; Miller, Duncan, Sorrell, & Brown, 2005; RodrigoHolgado, Hernández-Gómez, Díaz-Trejo, Fernández-Rozas, Andrade-González, & Fernández-Liria, 2018). Although there are other instruments for systematic monitoring (see Table 1), the topic is illustrated using PCOMS because it is the shortest, it is not a list of symptoms and it is simple to fill out and correct. These characteristics, in our opinion, facilitate the harmonious fitting of the assessment within the therapeutic relationship without establishing such a clear gap between what is involved ROUTINE OUTCOME MONITORING AND FEEDBACK IN PSYCHOTHERAPY
Managerial Compensation, Corporate Governance, and Business Performance in Japan: Evidence Using New Micro Data

This paper examines the relations between the disciplinary role of Japanese relationship-oriented corporate governance mechanisms, such as keiretsu memberships and bank-appointed directors, and pay-performance sensitivity in Japan. Previous studies show that pay-performance sensitivity is positive and almost the same as in a market-oriented system like that of the USA. However, under the Japanese relationship-oriented system, pay-performance sensitivity may be controlled by financial keiretsu ties and bank-appointed directors. We find that the disciplinary mechanism of keiretsu memberships and bank-appointed monitors did not function well in Japan in the 1990s.
Land Certification and International Migration: Evidence from Mexico

In this paper we ask whether there is a relationship between property rights and international migration. In order to identify the impact of property rights, we consider a country-wide land certification program, which took place in Mexico throughout the 1990s, and complemented the 1992 Agrarian Law. Our identifica- tion strategy exploits the timing of the program and the heterogeneity in farmers’ eligibility into the program. We find that the change in de facto property rights is associated with a 9-16 percent increase in the likelihood of having a member abroad. The program explains a small but relevant share of the increase in migration to the United States which Mexico experienced throughout the 1990s. In this respect, we add to the current debate on the causes of Mexican migration (Hanson 2006, Hanson and McIntosh 2009, Hanson and McIntosh forthcoming).
Between-teacher differences in homework assignments and the development of students' homework effort, homework emotions, and achievement.

The study examines whether teachers' homework objectives, implementation practices, and attitudes toward parental involvement are associated with the development of students' homework effort, homework emotions, and achievement during Grade 8. A total of 63 teachers (40 male, 23 female; mean teaching experience: M = 17.5 years) of French as a 2nd language and their 1,299 Grade 8 students (51.2% female; mean age at first measurement point: M = 13.84, SD = 0.56) participated in the study. In multilevel models, teachers' homework attitudes and behaviors were specified to predict outcomes at the end of Grade 8, controlling for covariates at the beginning of Grade 8. A low emphasis on drill and practice tasks and a high emphasis on motivation were associated with favorable developments in homework effort and achievement. Controlling homework assignments were associated with less homework effort and more negative homework emotions; the opposite pattern was found for students whose teacher supported student homework autonomy rather than parental homework involvement. The authors call for a systematic integration of findings from homework research in teacher training.
Piggyback Scheme over TCP in Very High Speed Wireless LANs: Review

When the data packets transferred in duplex directions from part A to part B, and the data arrives at B, instead to sending a control frame from B to A, receiver B waits until the network layer at B send the next packet to A, and the Acknowledgment is attached in data frame from B to A using the field of Acknowledgment in the data frame header. so the acknowledgment got a free ride in the data frame, this technique known as piggybacking. One of the most advantages for piggyback scheme is improving the efficiency, which is reducing the overhead and increase system throughput. In this paper, we want to provide an overview of a research progress in piggyback scheme over wireless LANs. The research contributions are organised and summarized and it highlights the piggyback schemes that need to be investigated via high speed wireless LANs.
The SLUGGS survey: Using extended stellar kinematics to disentangle the formation histories of low-mass S0 galaxies

We utilise the DEIMOS instrument on the Keck telescope to measure the wide-field stellar kinematics of early-type galaxies as part of the SAGES Legacy Unifying Globulars and GalaxieS (SLUGGS) survey. In this paper, we focus on some of the lowest stellar mass lenticular galaxies within this survey, namely NGC 2549, NGC 4474, NGC 4459 and NGC 7457, performing detailed kinematic analyses out to large radial distances of $\sim 2-3$ effective radii. For NGC 2549, we present the first analysis of data taken with the SuperSKiMS (Stellar Kinematics from Multiple Slits) technique. To better probe kinematic variations in the outskirts of the SLUGGS galaxies, we have defined a local measure of stellar spin. We use this parameter and identify a clear separation in the radial behaviour of stellar spin between lenticular and elliptical galaxies, thereby reinforcing the physically meaningful nature of their morphological classifications. We compare the kinematic properties of our galaxies with those from various simulated galaxies to extract plausible formation scenarios. By doing this for multiple simulations, we assess the consistency of the theoretical results. Comparisons to binary merger simulations show that low-mass lenticular galaxies generally resemble the spiral progenitors more than the merger remnants themselves, an indication that these galaxies are not formed through merger events. We find, however, that recent mergers cannot be ruled out for some lenticular galaxies.
Management practices to control gastrointestinal parasites in sheep farms in Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil1

Gouveia A.M.G. , Molento M.B. , Silva M.X. , Brandão H.M. , Gouveia G.C. , Morlán J.B. & Guimarães A.S. 2013. Management practices to control gastrointestinal parasites in sheep farms in Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33(4):464-468. Emprapa Gado de Leite, Rua Eugênio do Nascimento 610, Dom Bosco, Juiz de Fora, MG 36038-330, Brazil. E-mail: alessandro.guimaraes@embrapa.br Parasite related problems are considered one of the major health problems for sheep breeding, causing considerable economic losses to commercial husbandry. The aim of this study was to determine the technological level and the level of knowledge of farmers regarding management practices to control gastrointestinal parasites in sheep in Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil. The analysis was based on 213 questionnaires applied by official veterinarians of the State Government Agency for Animal Health (Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária, IMA), covering 16.6% of all counties. From two hundred and thirteen sheep farms sampled, 117 farms had their technological level determined. From the samples, 0.9% were characterized as high level, 45.3% as medium, and 53.0% as low technological level. The flock size ranged from 2 to 1843 with an average of 80.5 sheep per farm. The majority of the sheep production systems was extensive/semi-extensive (74.5%). The management practices adopted by the farmers to reduce parasitism were: split young and adult animals (5.6%), change pasture after deworm the animals (5.2%), use quarantine for incoming animals (2.3%), deworm newly arrived sheep (1.5%), and have regular technical assistance (31.9%). Although 76.5% of the farmers medicate the animals, treatments were performed without any major technical criteria, with an average interval of 4.6 months. The most commonly used drug families were macrocyclic lactones (38.5%) and benzimidazoles (24.9%). The management practices adopted in Minas Gerais are based on old recommendations and may not return in a good set of strategies to prevent parasite infections. Field observations reinforce the finding where farmers have obtained unsatisfactory results in maintaining the health and productivity level of their enterprises.
Threats to the validity of the Collegiate Learning Assessment (CLA+) as a measure of critical thinking skills and implications for Learning Gain

Abstract The University of Reading Learning Gain project is a three-year longitudinal project to test and evaluate a range of available methodologies and to draw conclusions on what might be the right combination of instruments for the measurement of Learning Gain in higher education. This paper analyses the validity of a measure of critical thinking skills, the Collegiate Learning Assessment (CLA+) and the implications of using this standardised test as a proxy for Learning Gain. The paper reviews five inferences regarding the interpretations and use of test scores: construct representation, scoring, generalisation, extrapolation and decision-making. Each section reviews some of the available evidence in support of the claims the CLA+ makes and the threats to their validity. The possible impact of these issues on Learning Gain in the UK is considered.
Association of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes With Self-Reported Measures of Sleep Duration and Timing in Women Who Are Nulliparous.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship of self-reported sleep during pregnancy with adverse pregnancy outcomes. A secondary objective was to describe the concordance between self-reported and objectively assessed sleep during pregnancy. METHODS In this prospective cohort, women completed a survey of sleep patterns at 6 to 13 weeks' gestation (visit 1) and again at 22 to 29 weeks' gestation (visit 3). Additionally, at 16 to 21 weeks (visit 2), a subgroup completed a week-long sleep diary coincident with an actigraphy recording. Weekly averages of self-reported sleep duration and sleep midpoint were calculated. A priori, sleep duration < 7 hours was defined as "short," and sleep midpoint after 5:00 AM was defined as "late. " The relationship of these sleep abnormalities with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was determined. RESULTS Of the 10,038 women enrolled, sleep survey data were available for 7,524 women at visit 1 and 7,668 women at visit 3. A total of 752 women also provided ≥ 5 days of sleep diary data coincident with actigraphy at visit 2. We did not observe any consistent relationship between self-reported short sleep and HDP or GDM. There was an association between self-reported late sleep midpoint and GDM (visit 1 adjusted odds ratio 1.67, 95% confidence interval 1.17, 2.38; visit 2 adjusted odds ratio 1.73, 95% confidence interval 1.23, 2.43). At visit 2, 77.1% of participants had concordance between their diary and actigraphy for short sleep duration, whereas 94.3% were concordant for sleep midpoint. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported sleep midpoint, which is more accurate than self-reported sleep duration, is associated with the risk of GDM. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov, Title: Pregnancy as a Window to Future Cardiovascular Health: Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes as Predictors of Increased Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease, Identifier: NCT02231398, URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02231398.
Corporate Performance, CEO Power and CEO Turnover: Evidence from Malaysian Public Listed Companies

This paper seeks to understand the impact of firm p erformance and CEO power on CEO turnover. Researchers in CEO turnover literature found that corporate perfor mance is frequently used as an indicator to evaluat e the effectiveness of CEO effort and findings from most of these researches indicate that the turnover rate of CEO is higher for poor performing firms as compared to wel l performing firms. Further, social network theory and human capital theory suggest that CEOs gain their power t hrough their educational background, skill and func tional background, special expertise, experience, industry specialization, prestige, ownership, age and longe r tenure. This power will entrench the CEO to the company, thus making the decision to fire the underperforming CEO more difficult. Results show that firms with low perform ance and having older CEOs are more likely to change their CEOs. In contrast, the turnovers of CEOs are less likely to occur when firms exercise CEO/Chairman duality, have CEOs who own certain portion of company shares and have CEOs with longer tenure.
Fractals and self-similarity in economics: the case of a two-sector growth model

We study a stochastic, discrete-time, two-sector optimal growth model in which the production of the homogeneous consumption good uses a Cobb-Douglas technology, combining physical capital and an endogenously determined share of human capital. Education is intensive in human capital as in Lucas (1988), but the marginal returns of the share of human capital employed in education are decreasing, as suggested by Rebelo (1991). Assuming that the exogenous shocks are i.i. d. and affect both physical and human capital, we build specific configurations for the primitives of the model so that the optimal dynamics for the state variables can be converted, through an appropriate log-transformation, into an Iterated Function System converging to an invariant distribution supported on a generalized Sierpinski gasket.
Historical Scope of Seasonal Influenza A and B Infections in Cuba and Their Impact on Mortality in the Elderly, 1983-2005

Background: Influenza causes high mortality in the elderly. Its behavior has not been studied regularly in tropical and subtropical countries, like Cuba. The purposes of this study were to understand the circulation type and subtype of the influenza virus and to obtain evidence of their relationship with underlying P&I deaths in persons aged 65 years or older. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out with 7,252 positive sera from influenza A(H3N2), A(H1N1) or from type B by hemagglutination inhibition assay from 1983-1984 and 2004-2005 seasons, which created three series with the type/subtype prevalence percentages corresponding to the total of positive cases. The relationship between mortality by pneumonia and influenza in people aged 65 years or more was determined by calculating its mean rates when the type/subtype prevalence was above the median or not. Results: The circulation pattern of these viruses in Cuba was defined, and predominance of A(H3N2) in the 77% of seasons was corroborated. The mean rate of mortality increased 24.4% (p < 0.001) when any pair of virus was above its medians and for the subtype A(H3N2) the increase was of 14.6% (p < 0.05). Conclusions: For the first time the Health Authorities of Cuba received a “native” pattern on the circulation of influenza viruses in the period studied, showing increases in mortality for underlying pneumonia and influenza in people aged 65 years or older when the A(H3N2) or any pair of viruses were above their means and underscoring the need for better prevention measures and vaccination programs for elderly people in our country.
Invariants of the velocity-gradient, rate-of-strain, and rate-of-rotation tensors across the turbulent/nonturbulent interface in jets

The invariants of the velocity gradient R and Q, rate-of-strain RS and QS, and rate-of-rotation QW tensors are analyzed across the turbulent/nonturbulent T/NT interface by using a direct numerical simulation DNS of a turbulent plane jet at Re120. The invariants allow a detailed characterization of the dynamics, geometry and topology of the flow during the entrainment. The invariants Q and QS are almost equal and negative outside the turbulent region close to the T/NT interface, which shows the existence of high values of strain product hence viscous dissipation of kinetic energy at that location. Right at the T/NT interface, the invariants Q W and Q S show that virtually all flow points there are characterized by irrotational dissipation, with no discernible sign of the coherent structures which are known to exist deep inside the turbulent region. Moreover, the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor Q and R show that the classical “teardrop” shape of their associated phase map is not yet formed at the T/NT interface. All the invariants rapidly change after the T/NT interface is crossed into the turbulent region. For instance, the enstrophy density, proportional to QW, is zero in the irrotational flow region and high and more or less constant inside the turbulent region, after it undergoes a sharp jump near the T/NT interface. Inside the turbulent region, at a distance of only 1.7 from the T/NT interface, where is the Kolmogorov microscale, the invariants QW and QS suggest that large scale coherent vortices already exist in the flow. Furthermore, the joint probability density function of Q and R already displays its well known teardrop shape at that location. Moreover, the geometry of the straining or deformation of the fluid elements during the turbulent entrainment process is preferentially characterized by biaxial expansion with S:S:S=2:1:3,where S, S, and S are the eigenvalues of the rate-of-strain tensor arranged in descending order. Based on an analysis of the invariants, many aspects of the flow topology inside the turbulent region at a distance of only 1.7 from the T/NT interface are already similar to those observed deep inside the turbulent region. © 2008 American Institute of Physics. DOI: 10.1063/1.2912513
The ROSAT deep survey VII. RX J105343+5735: A massive cluster at z = 1.263

The eastern lobe of the unusual double-lobed extended X-ray source RX J105343+5735 is conrmed to be a massive cluster at high redshift. Deep optical and near-infrared imaging show an overdensity of galaxies in both X-ray lobes, including a signicant excess of red galaxies (R K> 5:3) with colors typical of elliptical galaxies at z> 1. We have used new photometry to place better constraints on the redshifts of the cluster galaxies. A Keck NIRSPEC spectrum of one of the bright central galaxies in the eastern lobe shows a narrow H emission line at 1.485 microns, yielding a redshift of 1.263. The (O ii) 3727 A line from the gravitationally lensed arc is also detected, giving a redshift of 2.577 for the lensed galaxy and conrming prior measurements. The improbability of chance alignment and similarity of colors for the galaxies in the two X-ray lobes are consistent with the western lobe also being at z =1 :26. The system may thus represent a pair of clusters in the process of merging.