Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
QUASISIMILARITY OF NON-HYPONORMAL OPERATORS

In this article we give informal accounts of some recent results on quasisimilarity of various non-hyponormal operators. T1X = XT2 and Y T1 = T2Y; then we say that T1 and T2 are quasisimilar. Quasisimilarity was flrst introduced by Sz. Nagy and Foias((20)) in their theory of inflnite dimensional analogue of the Jordan form for certain classes of contrac- tions as a means of studying their invariant subspace structures. It replaces the familiar notion of similarity which is the appropreate equivalence relation to use with flnite dimensional Jordan forms. In flnite dimensional spaces quasisimilarity is the same thing as similarity, but in inflnite dimensional spaces it is a much weaker relation. It is well known that simlarity of operators preserve compactness, cyclic- ity, algebraicity, and the spectral picture(i.e., the spectrum, essential spectrum, and index function), and that similar operators have isomorphic lattices of invariant and hyperinvariant subspaces. In general quasisimilarity preserve nothing mentioned above except the point spectrum and hyperinvariant subspaces. Actually, Hoover((13)) give an easy exam- ple that quasisimilarity need not preserve the spectrum and compactness. However, in special classes of operators quasisimilarity may preserve many things. Actually, it is well known that quasisimilar p-hyponormal operators have the same spectral picture((7),(30)), which is an extension of earlier well-known results(e.g., (3),(6),(21)). On the other hand, Douglas ((5)) proved that quasisimilar normal operators are unitarily equivalent. Hoover((13)) proved that quasisimilar isometries are unitarily equivalent. Conway ((4)) proved that the normal parts of quasisimilar subnormal operators are unitarily equivalent and gave an example showing that the pure parts of quasisimilar subnormal operators need not be quasisimilar. This result was ex- tended by Williams((28)) to the more general case of dominant operators. Recently, Conway's result also has been extended to another general interesting classes of non-hyponormal operators. The aim of this article is to survey these recent results.
Theoretical analysis of mixing in liquid clouds – Part 3: Inhomogeneousmixing

Abstract. An idealized diffusion–evaporation model of time-dependent mixing between a cloud volume and a droplet-free volume is analyzed. The initial droplet size distribution (DSD) in the cloud volume is assumed to be monodisperse. It is shown that evolution of the microphysical variables and the final equilibrium state are unambiguously determined by two non-dimensional parameters. The first one is the potential evaporation parameter R, proportional to the ratio of the saturation deficit to the liquid water content in the cloud volume, that determines whether the equilibrium state is reached at 100 % relative humidity, or is characterized by a complete evaporation of cloud droplets. The second parameter Da is the Damkolher number equal to the ratio of the characteristic mixing time to the phase relaxation time. Parameters R and Da determine the type of mixing. The results are analyzed within a wide range of values of R and Da. It is shown that there is no pure homogeneous mixing, since the first mixing stage is always inhomogeneous. The mixing type can change during the mixing process. Any mixing type leads to formation of a tail of small droplets in DSD and, therefore, to DSD broadening that depends on Da. At large Da, the final DSD dispersion can be as large as 0.2. The total duration of mixing varies from several to 100 phase relaxation time periods, depending on R and Da. The definitions of homogeneous and inhomogeneous types of mixing are reconsidered and clarified, enabling a more precise delimitation between them. The paper also compares the results obtained with those based on the classic mixing concepts. >
Deaths, disability-adjusted life years and years of life lost due to elevated systolic blood pressure in Poland: estimates for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Introduction. High systolic blood pressure (SBP) is a well-known risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular outcomes; however, data regarding disease burden due to high SBP in the Polish population are scarce. Material and methods. We extracted and analyzed the latest country-, gender-, age- and year-specific estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2016 for SBP-related mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and attributable risk factors in Poland in 2016. In the GBD 2016, the term ‘high SBP’ refers to SBP of at least 110−115 mmHg. Results. High SBP was attributable to (per 100,000) 106,043.16 deaths (95% UI [Uncertainty Interval]: 88,207–121,849) that was 27.22% of all deaths in Poland in 2016; 1,751,844.69 DALYs (95% UI: 1,525,188–1,966,25) and 1,497,959.71 YLLs (95% UI: 1,287,279–1,497,959). In males, DALYs attributable to high SBP were higher by 34% and YLLs by 23%, while in females death rates were higher by 14%. SBP was highly attributable to ischemic heart disease, stroke, and chronic kidney disease (63.7%, 63,1%, and 59.1%, respectively). In the GBD hierarchy, high SBP was the most common risk factor, followed by smoking, high body mass index (BMI), high total cholesterol levels, alcohol use, and high fasting plasma glucose levels. Conclusions. In Poland, SBP of at least 110–115 mmHg remains one of the largest risks for loss of good health; greater than smoking, high cholesterol levels, or high BMI. With the population aging globally, the burden due to high SBP is expected to increase further.
Outdoor Clusters in an Agricultural Community of the Eastern UnitedStates

Researchers have long been interested in male “assemblages” that gather in urban areas, and to a much lesser extent, in farming communities. Researchers in farming areas posit a propensity for alcohol consumption among unmarried men and gathering for instrumental purposes as reasons that groups “assemble. ” The present analysis extends these rare investigations by analyzing aggregations of farm workers enrolled in a university drug study in a farming community of the southeastern United States. Findings included: non-users were more numerous in clusters than participant-users enrolled in the formal drug/alcohol study; more frequent contacts took place on days following a weekend, when men sought information on work (availability, pay rates, etc.); more than three participant-users were rarely observed hanging-out together. Clusters varied between “anchor” (extended longevity on any given day) and “cycled” (members come-and-go). Most clusters were small: the mean number of persons per cluster was 3.65 with fewer users (mean 1.50) than non-users (mean 2.15). Extending these field data (supported by conversational observations) to distinguish contacts as ‘weak ties’ and ‘strong ties’ revealed greater frequency of ‘weak ties’ showing that male farm workers generally were engaged in non-drug interactions to secure information on work and/or housing.
The limits of anaerobic glycolytic capacities of skilled wrestlers on the basis of anaerobic testing loads of different duration and character

Background & study Aim: It is known that a fatigue response underlies the efficient of elite wrestlers’ specific work capacities. Differences in fatigue and characteristics of special work capacity may relate to differ in capacities of anaerobic lactate systems. The objective of the study was the maximal individual level of anaerobic glycolytic capacities of skilled wrestlers based on the results of three variants of a specific laboratory test. Material & Methods: Thirty-four free-style wrestlers of national and international level of middleweight category, aged 19-28 years with body mass from 76.9 (64-89) kg having engaged in sports training for 5-13 years participated in studies. All subjects performed three variants of maximal ergometric anaerobic lactate tests: 30 s, 60 s, 120 s and test 4, 30 s each (recovery interval 30 s) on cycle ergometer. They have been performed within days after the recovery micro cycle in the control training sessions. Anaerobic tests were performed the day after the previous test. Work output was measured. Lactic acid concentrations in capillary blood were determined on the 3rd minute after tests. We measured VO2max also for estimation of the part of aerobic energy in different anaerobic lactate tests. The graded (2 min) load power increment on cycle ergometer to failure (12-16 min) was applied. Oxycon Pro (Jaeger) was utilized in breath by breath mode. Lactic acid concentrations in capillary blood were determined on the 3rd minute after the tests (LP-420, Dr. Lange). Percentile zones for determining the levels of test indices were distinguished, which could be the initial standard for differentiation of high and very high capacities of some athletes or groups of wrestlers of middleweight category. Results: During longer anaerobic tests (60 s and test 4, 30 s each) higher blood lactate concentrations were observed as compared to 30-s Wingate test, even despite less total work (on a per 30 s basis). The lowest aerobic component of work energy supply in long-term anaerobic tests was noted during 60-s load. The lowest individual variations occurred during 120-s continuous load. The aerobic energy supply at the end of test 4, 30-s each was realized to a greater extent as compared to other anaerobic tests. Conclusion: Determination of individual prerequisites to realization of wrestlers’ anaerobic glycolytic capacities necessitates 2-3 testing with anaerobic type loads of different duration. Practical significance of the study may consist in the advance of additional criteria for regimes of training load with reason for individual predisposition of wrestlers.
Stereotype Threat in Organizations: An Examination of its Scope, Triggers, and Possible Interventions

This chapter explores stereotype threat in organizational contexts. Building on the understanding that stereotype threat involves concerns about confirming a negative stereotype about one’s group, we begin by elucidating the scope of potential stereotype threat effects in organizations. We first examine the ubiquity of evaluations in organizations, which are at the heart of stereotype threat. Next we specify the potential psychological consequences of stereotype threat on targeted individuals within organizations, including weakening domain identification and engagement, reducing aspirations, increasing self-handicapping, and reducing openness to feedback. In the next section we focus on specific performance consequences of stereotype threat in four domains: leadership, negotiations, entrepreneurship, and competitiveness. We follow by identifying the likely triggers of stereotype threat within organizations, including task difficulty, organizational structure, minority representation, and organizational culture. Finally, we identify three categories of strategies that organizations can implement to reduce stereotype threat: 1) stereotype management, which includes acknowledging stereotypes, emphasizing positive stereotypes, and deemphasizing negative stereotypes; 2) hiring and training, which includes increasing minority representation and job training; and 3) organizational culture, including both fostering identity safety and valuing effort.
The NH2D/NH3 ratio toward pre-protostellar cores around the UCH II region in IRAS 20293+3952

Context. The deuterium fractionation, D frac , has been proposed as an evolutionary indicator in pre-protostellar and protostellar cores of low-mass star-forming regions. Aims. We investigate D frac . with high angular resolution, in the cluster environment surrounding the UCH II region IRAS 20293+3952. Methods. We performed high angular resolution observations with the IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI) of the ortho-NH 2 D 1 11 ―1 01 line at 85.926 GHz and compared them with previously reported VLA NH 3 data. Results. We detected strong NH 2 D emission toward the pre-protostellar cores identified in NH 3 and dust emission, all located in the vicinity of the UCH II region IRAS 20293+3952. We found high values of D frac ≃0.1―0.8 in all the pre-protostellar cores and low values, D frac < 0.1, associated with young stellar objects. Conclusions. The high values of D frac in pre-protostellar cores could be indicative of evolution, although outflow interactions and UV radiation could also play a role.
Distinction between Intra-day and Overnight Stock Return Distribution its Influence on Option Pricing

This research investigates the importance of including the overnight behavior of the stock price in an option pricing model. During the trading hours stock prices process follows a stochastic model, which allows for stochastic volatility and random jumps. We model the overnight behavior by a single jump, which is independent of the intra-day component. In our research we consider Heston, Bates and Variance Gamma models, extend them by introducing an overnight jump and compare their performance. We nd that introducing an overnight component in already existing option pricing models leads to option prices closer to the ones observed on the market. However the overnight jump alone is not able to capture the stock price behavior, random jumps should also be included. We nd that the most successful of the considered option pricing model uses both a random jump during the day and scaled-t distributed overnight jumps, where the improvement from a normally distributed overnight jumps is signi cant.
Utilization of Cervical Carcinoma Screening Service and Associated Factors among Currently Married Women in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia

Background: Cervical cancer is major public health problem worldwide which worsened in the developing world including Sub-Saharan Africa. Cervical cancer screening has been consistently shown to be effective in reducing the incidence rate and mortality from cervical cancer. But very few of eligible women undergo cervical cancer screening. The aim of this study was assess the level of utilization of screening service for cervical cancer among currently married women in Arba Minch Town. Methods: A community based cross sectional study design was conducted among randomly selected 660 currently married women from February to March, 2015 by using interviewer administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS Version 21. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the status of study population and multi-variable logistic regression was used to see predictors of screening service utilization. Result: The study indicated that only 38 (5.9%) of the respondents get screened. The most common reason for not utilizing the service was being healthy (60.02%). Age of mother greater than 30 years, perceived severity to cervical cancer, parity of more than 5 children and average monthly income of greater than 1170 ETB were significantly associated with cervical cancer screening service utilization. Conclusion: Only few of the respondents get screened. Therefore, there is a need for creating awareness and intensifying health education provision on cervical cancer screening in the town and need to influence perceptions by targeting the women.
The Role of Expectations Running head: THE ROLE OF EXPECTATIONS The Role of Expectations in Foreign Language Learning

Expectations of performance in a foreign language are important predictors of future achievement. Two types of bias occur in foreign language learning: self-enhancement bias, which pertains to students who are unrealistically optimistic about their ability to learn a foreign language; and self-derogation bias, which pertains to those students who have little or no confidence in their ability to learn a foreign language. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of these two biases and to compare students with these two biases, as well as those with accurate self-assessments of their foreign language performance, with respect to anxiety and overall academic achievement. Participants were 213 college students enrolled in Spanish, French, or German classes. Self-enhancement bias was more than three times as prevalent as self-derogation bias--47.4t versus 13.6% respectively. Students with self-derogation bias tended to have significantly higher levels of anxiety about foreign languages, while those with self-enhancement bias tended to have overall lower levels of academic performance. It is concluded that self-enhancement bias has a greater potential than does self-derogation bias to facilitate language learning because language learning anxiety has been implicated as a probable cause of language learning difficulties. Discerning and understanding these expectations may help foreign language instructors better target and help affected students. (Author/KFT) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. The Role of Expectations Running head: THE ROLE OF EXPECTATIONS The Role of Expectations in Foreign Language Learning PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Grkonitel_Nivo_407:01. TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 1 Christine E. Daley Muscogee County School District Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie Valdosta State University
Comparative assessment of the effect of Diminazene aceturate and Imidocarb dipropionate on haematology and serum biochemical parameters of apparently healthy Nigerian dogs.

Diminazene aceturate (DIAC) and Imidocarb diproprionate (IMD) are drugs of choice in the management of some heamoprotozoan diseases. In this study we evaluated the comparative effects of the two drugs on the haematology and serum biochemical parameters of Nigerian local dogs. Fifteen (15) apparently healthy Nigerian dogs were used in this study. Dogs were randomly divided into three equal groups. Group A received no treatment and served ascontrol. Groups B received intramuscular injection 3.5mg/kg DIAC and group C received 5.5 mg/kg of IMD via intramuscular injection. Blood samples were collected 24 hours after the administration of the drugs. through the cephalic vein from each dog for haematology and serum analysis. Packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocytes were counted. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), calcium, and chloride were measured. The overall results revealed that neither DIAC nor IMD treated groups caused any significant deviations from the untreated controls in all the above parameters assayed. In conclusion, both drugs are safe to use for treating heamoprotozoan diseases in the same dosage.
Petrographic classification of Middle Ordovician fossil meteorites from Sweden

Abstract— The maximum diameter of chromite (FeCr2O4) grains within L chondrites reflects the petrographic type of the sample. On the basis of our measurements of nine recent L chondrites, L3 chromite Dmax = 34–50 μm, L4 = 87–150 μm, L5 = 76–158 μm, and L6 = 253–638 μm. This variation reflects the crystallization of the chromite grains during parent body thermal metamorphism. We use this calibration to classify six fossil meteorites from the Middle Ordovician in Sweden as type 3 (or 4) to 6. The high flux of L chondrites at 470 Ma contained a range of petrographic types and may have had a higher proportion of lower petrographic type meteorites than are found in recent L chondrite falls. The fossil meteorites have in places preserved recognizable chondrule textures, including porphyritic olivine, barred olivine, and radiating pyroxene. A large relict clast and fusion crust have also been tentatively identified in one fossil meteorite. Apart from chromite, all of the original meteorite minerals have been replaced by carbonate (and sheet silicate and sulfate) during diagenesis within the limestone host. The preservation of chondrule definition has allowed us to measure the mean diameters of relict chondrules. The range (0.4–0.6 mm) is consistent with measurements made in the same way on recent L chondrites.
Gender, corruption and sustainable growth in transition countries

Numerous studies have found negative connection between corruption level and economic development. At the same time few of them demonstrate correlation between women representation in politics and corruption level. This paper analyzes correlation between gender and corruption for a specific sample of countries, sharing common cultural and historical legacy – transition countries. Relationship between higher number of women in parliament and decreasing level of corruption is supported by data. Relations with other forms of women social activity were found to be insignificant. Contribution of this paper to the research literature on this topic is twofold. First analysis on gender and corruption in transition economies has previously not been done. Second, this study could also be used for the practical policies on fighting corruption by application of gender quotas.
Chemically treated kola nut pod as low-cost natural adsorbent for the removal of 2,4-dinitrophenol from synthetic wastewater: batch equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic modelling studies

The feasibility of using chemically treated kola nut pod to remove 2,4-dinitrophenol from its aqueous solutions under batch mode was investigated. The results showed that biosorption of 2,4-dinitrophenol was dependent on initial concentration, contact time, pH, biosorbent particle size, biosorbent dosage, and temperature. The batch equilibrium biosorption data were analyzed by 2 two-parameter (Langmuir and Freundlich) and 2 three-parameter (Redlich--Peterson and Sips) adsorption isotherm models using linear and nonlinear regression methods. The Sips isotherm equation employing the parameter sets derived using the HYBRID/MPSD/ARE errors provided the overall best model to describe the biosorption data of the 2,4-dinitrophenol-kola nut pod system. The maximum monolayer biosorption capacity (Q\max) was obtained to be 32.26 mg/g with linear regression and 30.10 mg/g with nonlinear regression. The biosorption kinetic data were fitted to 6 biosorption kinetic models using the linear regression method. The 6 kinetic models fitted well to the biosorption kinetic data; however, the pseudo-first-order kinetic model gave the best fit and the biosorption mechanism was controlled by film diffusion. The thermodynamic analysis indicates that the biosorption process was spontaneous, feasible, exothermic, and physical in nature. Thus, chemically modified kola nut pod has potential for application as an effective bioadsorbent for 2,4-dinitrophenol removal from wastewater.