Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical impact of EUS treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis with dedicated devices

Abstract Background and study aims Walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) represents the major risk factor for sepsis-related multiple organ failure. Surgical debridement is an invasive approach associated with high rates of adverse events (AEs) and death. As an alternative, endoscopic ultrasound-guided cysto-gastro-anastomosis has emerged as an effective treatment for WOPNs. Recently a new dedicated-lumen apposing metal stent (LAMS) has been used with satisfactory results in treating peri-pancreatic fluid collections, including WOPNs. The primary outcomes of this study were to evaluate survival and clinical success. Secondary outcomes included: technical success, adverse events and recurrence rate. Patients and methods All consecutive patients with infected WOPN between February 2014 and June 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients underwent placement of a new LAMS incorporated in an electrocautery-enhanced delivery system and direct endoscopic necrosectomy (DEN). DEN was performed immediately after stent deployment and repeated every 3 to 7 days until complete resolution. Results In the study period we treated 20 consecutive patients with infected WOPN using the new LAMS. Technical success was achieved in 95 % of patients. Clinical success was achieved in 73 % and 84.2 % of patients at 1 and 3 months, respectively. Survival rate was 84.2 % and 79 %. Mean length of hospital stay was 19 days (range 3 – 43). No AEs occurred. Patients were followed up after stent retrieval for a mean time of 554,7 days (range 70 – 986) and no recurrence was observed. Conclusions DEN following “1-step, exchange-free” LAMS positioning recorded excellent results. We believe that simplicity of procedure plays a key role in terms of safety.
Incidencia de la violencia y victimización escolar en estudiantes de educación secundaria obligatoria en la región de Murcia

El objetivo principal de este estudio es conocer los datos de violencia y victimizacion en centros escolares de la Region de Murcia. Presentamos datos de incidencia de violencia y victimizacion escolar obtenidos en una muestra de 2503 estudiantes. El 50% se habia visto implicado en algun tipo de violencia y el 40% en victimizacion. Al realizar diferentes comparaciones, los indices de violencia y victimizacion escolar fueron mayores en alumnos, descendiendo al aumentar el curso, no encontrando diferencias en cuanto al tipo de centro. Las situaciones de victimizacion fueron mas frecuentes contra estudiantes extranjeros. La violencia y victimizacion escolar esta generalizada y aparece en todos los centros educativos. Cualquier menor puede estar en riesgo de sufrir o ejercer violencia contra sus companeros, aspecto importante a tener en cuenta para la elaboracion de programas de prevencion e intervencion en violencia y victimizacion escolar.
Maternal Social Support Predicts Birth Weight and Fetal Growth in Human Pregnancy

Objective Low birth weight is a primary cause of infant mortality and morbidity. Results of previous studies suggest that social support may be related to higher birth weight through fetal growth processes, although the findings have been inconsistent. The purpose of this investigation was to test a model of the association between a latent prenatal social support factor and fetal growth while taking into account relations between sociodemographic and obstetric risk factors and birth weight. Method A prospective study was conducted among 247 women with a singleton, intrauterine pregnancy receiving care in two university-affiliated prenatal clinics. Measures of support included support from family, support from the baby’s father, and general functional support. Sociodemographic characteristics were also assessed. Birth outcome and obstetric risk information were abstracted from patients’ medical charts after delivery. Results Structural equation modeling analyses showed that a latent social support factor significantly predicted fetal growth (birth weight adjusted for length of gestation) with infant se-, obstetric risk, and ethnicity in the model. Marital status and education were indirectly related to fetal growth through social support. The final model with social support and other variables accounted for 31% of the variance in fetal growth. Conclusions These findings suggest that prenatal social support is associated with infant birth weight through processes involving fetal growth rather than those involving timing of delivery. Biological and behavioral factors may contribute to the association between support and fetal growth, although these mechanisms need to be further e-plored. These results pave the way for additional research on fetal growth mechanisms and provide a basis for support intervention research.
To Bike or not to Bike? Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior in Predicting Bicycle Commuting Among Students in Zagreb

Reducing motorized transport has a number of positive effects on the environment and the quality of human life. Studies that provide better understanding of factors relevant to the choice of transport modes can help in creating campaigns to encourage use of environmentally friendly transport. The main goal of this study was to test the usefulness of the Theory of planned behavior (TPB), with the addition of personal norm, in predicting the intention of commuting by bicycle to university among students in Zagreb, Croatia. The data were obtained from 712 students at the University of Zagreb using an on-line survey. The results show that students mostly used public transport to go to university and that cycling is the second most common choice. The frequency of bicycle use differed due to the distance between the university and participant's home. Bicycle use first increased with the distance and then dropped at the category from 2 to 5km when it started to decrease and was the least frequent at distances longer than 10 km. All TPB components were significant predictors and explained 55% of the variance in intention of commuting by bicycle. Adding personal norm to the components of TPB made a small but significant contribution in explaining variance of the intention (additional 2%) at the same time personal norm was the weakest predictor. Practical and theoretical implications of the results are discussed.
Temperature Thresholds and Thermal Requirements for Development of Nasonovia ribisnigri (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Abstract Early detection of Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosley) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on lettuce is of primary importance for its effective control. Temperature thresholds for development of this pest were estimated using developmental rates [r(T)] at different constant temperatures (8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 26, and 28°C). Observed developmental rates data and temperature were fitted to two linear (Campbell and Muñiz and Gil) and a nonlinear (Lactin) models. Lower temperature threshold estimated by the Campbell model was 3.6°C for apterous, 4.1°C for alates, and 3.1°C for both aphid adult morphs together. Similar values of the lower temperature threshold were obtained with the Muñiz and Gil model, for apterous (4.0°C), alates (4.2°C), and both adult morphs together (3.7°C) of N. ribisnigri. Thermal requirements of N. ribisnigri to complete development were estimated by Campbell and Muñiz and Gil models for apterous in 125 and 129 DD and for both adult morphs together in 143 and 139 DD, respectively. For complete development from birth to adulthood, the alate morph needed 15–18 DD more than the apterous morph. The lower temperature threshold determined by the Lactin model was 5.3°C for alates, 2.3°C for apterous, and 1.9°C for both adult morphs together. The optimal and upper temperature thresholds were 25.2 and 33.6°C, respectively, for the alate morph, 27 and 35.9°C, respectively, for the apterous morph, and 26.1 and 35.3°C, respectively, for the two adult morphs together. The Campbell model provided the best fit to the observed developmental rates data of N. ribisnigri. This information could be incorporated in forecasting models of this pest.
Investigating intracerebral haemorrhage

#### The bottom line A 49 year old, right handed woman presented with sudden left upper and lower limb weakness. Examination confirmed left hemiparesis with Medical Research Council (MRC) grade 3/5 power in the upper limb and 0/5 power in the lower limb. She had been diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis but had been stable (without relapses) for over a year. Computed tomography (CT) on admission revealed a right frontal intracerebral haemorrhage (fig 1A⇓). Fig 1 A: Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) head scan revealing acute intracerebral haemorrhage within the right frontal lobe (white arrow) with surrounding oedema (white arrowhead). B: T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain of a patient with intracerebral haemorrhage taken two days after admission confirms a lesion in the left side of the midbrain in the region of the left crus cerebri (white arrow); it shows a peripheral T2 hypointense rim with heterogeneous internal signal, typical of a …
Art as information: Explaining Upper Palaeolithic art in western Europe

Abstract Proceeding from the information exchange theory of style, we argue that the changing temporal and spatial distributions of mobile and parietal art in Paleolithic Europe are related aspects of a single evolutionary process: alternating selective pressures differentially favoring the expression of assertive and emblemic style over the 30–7 kyr BP interval. These pressures result from demographic and social change across the European subcontinent in the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. We develop a model of cultural selection for symbolic behavior manifest as art that proceeds from and parallels natural selection in neo‐Darwinian evolutionary theory.
Analysis of Downlink Heterogeneous Cellular Networks with Frequency Division: A Stochastic Geometry Way

As cells are getting smaller, more random and chaotic in future heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs), mitigating interference to enhance coverage performance has become one of the key challenges. To elucidate the coverage and throughput performance of downlink HCNs, a tractable framework with frequency division (FD) scenario is provided. Coverage probability and average cell throughput expressions are carried out to further understand how FD effects system performance with the stochastic geometry treatment. Furthermore, with some plausible assumptions, we derive the specific closed-form expressions in some special cases. Simulation results show that the coverage performance is effectively improved by using FD comparing with conventional frequency sharing (FS) scenario, which are firmly consistent with our theoretical derivation. The analytical results of the present work also demonstrate that although some throughput will be lost compared to FS, it is still acceptable since UEs could choose any tier which offers greatest performance under FD scenario, hence this work further provides mobile operators a guideline for resource allocation schemes in future chaotic multi-tier networks.
Structural differences between valine‐12 and aspartate‐12 Ras proteins may modify carcinoma aggression

Recent evidence associates the codon 12 valine‐for‐glycine (G12V) mutant Ki‐Ras protein with higher stage and increased lethality of colorectal carcinomas, while the codon 12 aspartate‐for‐glycine (G12D) Ras mutation shows no such association. Several observations may be relevant to this phenomenon. First, GTPase activity of G12V Ras is one‐quarter that of G12D Ras and one‐tenth that of wild‐type (WT) Ras. Second, binding of the GTP analogue GppNp to G12D Ras is 8‐fold weaker than its binding to G12V or WT Ras and crystal structures indicate that electrostatic repulsion between the carboxylate group of the G12D Asp‐12 side‐chain and the γ phosphate of the bound nucleotide may make GTP binding to G12D Ras weaker even than that of GppNp. It is proposed that this lowering of affinity for GTP allows G12D Ras an escape from the oncogenic GTP‐bound state, whereas GTP tightly bound to G12V mutant Ras generates a more persistent, potentially oncogenic, signal. Structural comparisons also suggest that differences between the Switch I (effector) region of G12D and G12V Ras could modify interactions with downstream signalling molecules such as Raf‐1, neurofibromin, and phosphatidylinositol 3‐hydroxy‐kinase. Other differences between the G12D and G12V mutant Ras proteins include a lower affinity of the GTPase activating protein GAP for G12V than for G12D or WT Ras; but, as both G12D and G12V Ras are refractory to GTPase activation by GAP binding, this may be less significant. These studies complement experimental data showing that such Ras mutations differ in their effects in vitro and in vivo and, with recent data indicating heterogeneity of ras mutation in colorectal carcinomas and other tumours, make it plausible that codon 12 Ras mutations differ in carcinogenic potential and prognostic significance. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reconstitution of in vitro inactivation and reactivation systems of DnaA protein for the control of chromosomal replication initiation in Escherichia coli

The Escherichia coli initiator protein, DnaA binds to the replicational origin of the chromosome (oriC) and initiates the replication in a manner depending on ATP binding. Replication of mini-chromosome (a plasmid bearing oriC) has been reconstituted in vitro using crude extracts or purified proteins. In these in vitro systems, only ATP-bound form of DnaA is active to initiate a series of initiation reactions which leads to loading of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme (pol III HE) onto DNA for DNA synthesis. In a manner dependent on Hda protein and DNA loading of pol III HE, ATP bound on DnaA is hydrolyzed. The resultant ADP-bound form of DnaA is inactive for the initiation. This inactivation system called RIDA (regulatory inactivation of DnaA) ensures the replication initiation only once per cell cycle. We here describe recent progress on our system to reconstitute the inactivation of DnaA by RIDA and a novel system to regenerate active DnaA. The reconstitution of the Hda-dependent DnaA-ATP hydrolysis requires the DNA-loaded form of the sliding clamp. This complex is formed by loading of the beta subunit of pol III HE onto DNA during replication process. Hda protein forms a stable complex with the sliding clamp, and most likely has a direct contact to ATP bound on DnaA. The cellular ATP-DnaA level fluctuates during the cell cycle. Regeneration from ADP-DnaA to ATP-DnaA is observed in vivo before the next round of the replication. Recently we have found a specific DNA segment DARS (DnaA-reactivating sequences) that has an activity to release ADP bound on DnaA. ATP-DnaA is regenerated by nucleotide-exchange in the presence of DARS and the elevated concentrations of ATP. The resultant ATP-DnaA was active in the mini-chromosome replication reaction in vitro. Thus, DARS can functionally reactivate ADP-DnaA. The inactivation-reactivation cycle of DnaA might be reconstituted in vitro in a manner controled by RIDA and DARS
SAVINGS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PAKISTAN: AN ISSUE OF CAUSALITY

The objective of the paper is to investigate causal relationship between savings and output in Pakistan by using quarterly data for the period of 1973:1 to 2003:4. The co-integration and the vector error correction techniques are used to explore causal relationship between savings and economic growth. The results suggest bi-directional or mutual long run relationship between savings and output level. However, there is unidirectional long run causality from public savings to output (GNP and GDP), and private savings to gross national product (GNP). The results also indicate that the speed of adjustment in case of savings is stronger than that of level of output. The overall long run results of the study favour the capital fundamentalist's point of view that savings precede the level of output in case of Pakistan. The short run mutual relationship exists between gross domestic product (GDP) and domestic savings. The results also indicate unidirectional short run causality from gross national product (GNP) to national and domestic savings; and from gross domestic product (GDP) to public savings. The short run causality runs only from national savings to gross domestic product (GDP). So overall short run results favour Keynesian point of view that savings depend upon level of output.
Looking for Sexual Compatibility: Experiences among Swedish Men in Visiting Internet Gay Chat Rooms

Internet chat rooms have become an important new channel for men who have sex with men. Through chat rooms, sexual partners can be met in virtual and in real life. The aim of this article is to explore the questions: Who are the men that visit the Internet gay chat rooms, and what are the experiences in meeting sex partners in real life through these channels? The findings are derived from a large Swedish socio-sexual study of men who have sex with men. The Internet is used along with traditional sampling methods in the study. A total of 716 written questionnaires and 678 Internet questionnaires were obtained. Additional qualitative data from interviews with men who have experience with meeting male sex partners through Internet chat rooms is presented for illustrative purposes. The findings suggest that Internet gay chat rooms may attract younger men, men who identify themselves as bisexual, and men who live outside the major cities. The findings also suggest that it is common to have the experience of m.
Gender and attention deficits in children diagnosed with a Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder.

BACKGROUND A portion of children are born with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). Most present with significant difficulties in attention, with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) being the most common psychiatric co-morbidity. OBJECTIVES The current study will describe behavioral and executive functioning (EF) deficits in attention in a group of children with FASD. Effects of gender and ADHD diagnosis will be explored. METHODS Existing data from the University of Minnesota's Pediatric Psychology clinic was utilized. Of 191 children with FASD in the database, 36 children (ages 6-16) had complete scores on measures of behavioral and EF attention deficits. Multivariate Analyses of Variance (MANOVA) were used to examine the impact of gender and ADHD diagnosis on behavioral checklist scores and on a variety of EF measures. RESULTS FASD males were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD (68%) than FASD females (29%). No impact of gender or diagnosis was found for behavioral measures of attention, but an interaction of gender and diagnosis emerged for EF. Females with ADHD evidenced deficits in EF compared to females without ADHD. However, males with ADHD performed better on measures of EF than their non-ADHD counterparts. CONCLUSION An ADHD diagnosis in FASD children needs to be reconsidered, especially for males.
An Ultra Low-Noise CMOS Operational Amplifier with Programmable Noise-Power Trade-Off

A programmable operational amplifier (OpAmp) concerning noise and power consumption is described. Key design issues for achieving programmability of a preselected OpAmp architecture are discussed. Experimental results for a 0.35 mum CMOS OpAmp show either ultra low noise of 2 nV/radicHz or low power consumption of 140 muW. The OpAmp remains stable over the whole range of programmability
Interrelationships between milk carnitine and blood and milk components and tissue carnitine in normal and ketotic cows.

Abstract The carnitine concentration in milk was determined weekly for two groups of 19 cows (one group ketotic and one control) during the first 8 wk of lactation. Milk carnitine concentration was high at the start of lactation in both groups and decreased about half by the 8th wk. Carnitine concentration in milk from ketotic cows was correlated with blood glucose −. 41, acetoacetate . 39, β -hydroxybutyrate . 48, free fatty acids . 26, milk fat . 70, protein −. 47, and lactose −. 51. In the control group carnitine and milk protein were the only variables with significant correlation −. 28. Carnitine concentrations in tissues of dry and lactating cows did not differ with lactation or stage of lactation. One ketotic cow had skeletal muscle carnitine concentrations higher than controls; however, the most pronounced difference was a threefold elevation of blood carnitine. These changes in carnitine concentration in milk and tissue are discussed in connection with knowledge of carnitine biosynthesis and turnover. Elevated carnitine excretion in milk during ketosis results from increased carnitine synthesis.
Anatomy of Successful Business Models for Complex Services: Insights from the Telemedicine Field

Abstract Telemedicine services may improve the quality of life of individuals while also reducing the costs of service provisioning. They represent an important but as yet understudied type of complex services that integrates many stakeholders acting in service value networks. These complex services typically comprise a combination of information technology (IT) services and highly person-oriented, non-IT services, and are characterized by long service delivery periods. In such an environment, it is particularly difficult to generate successful and sustainable business models, which are necessary for the widespread provision of telemedicine services. Following a design research approach, we develop and evaluate the CompBizMod framework, a morphological box allowing for: (1) the analysis, description, and classification of telemedicine business models, (2) the identification of white spots for future business opportunities, (3) and the identification of patterns for successful business models. We contribute to the literature by presenting a specific business model framework and identifying three business model patterns in the telemedicine industry. We exhibit how business models for complex services can be decomposed into their constituent elements and present an easy and replicable approach for identifying business model patterns in a given industry.
The Expression Profile of Myogenic Transcription Factors in Satellite Cells from Denervated Rat Muscle

The muscle‐specific transcription factors of the MyoD family are altered after denervation. In order to determine whether this shift takes place in satellite cells (SC), we investigated the expression pattern of MyoD, myf5, myogenin, and MRF4 in SC. Hindlimb muscles of rats were denervated for 2 days to 4 weeks. SC were isolated, pooled and the transcription of all 4 factors was assessed by RT‐PCR. Protein expression was assessed in histological sections of soleus and anterior tibial (TA) muscles; SC were identified by M‐cadherin. Pooled SC from innervated muscles expressed myf5 mRNA, and very weakly MyoD and myogenin mRNA. MyoD and myogenin protein was found in only few SC. After denervation, pooled SC expressed myf5 mRNA, and very weakly myogenin and MRF4 mRNA. Myogenin protein was found in less than about 10% of the cells, whereas MRF4 protein was absent from SC. We conclude that the presence of myf5 and the absence of MyoD and MRF4 protein in SC after denervation indicated the quiescent state of the cell cycle. A subset of SC has additionally acquired myogenin. SC after denervation might be less easily recruited into the mitotic cycle than SC from normal muscle, rendering regeneration of denervated muscle less efficient than normal muscle.