Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation between the positive expression of circulating tumor cells and clinicopathological characteristics in well-differentiated nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors performed on CellSearch platform

Objective: to investigate the feasibility of the circulating tumor cells applied in well-differentiated nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-pNETs) and present the pilot study of its clinical value using CellSearch platform. Method: From September 2014 to March 2016, 15 consecutive patients (7 males) who were pathologically diagnosed as well-differentiated NF-pNETs were enrolled in this study. 7.5 ml blood from the peripheral vein were drawn, detected and analyzed through the CellSearch system. The clinical characteristics, tumor grade, CTCs counts of each patient were recorded and statistically compared. Results: Of the 15 enrolled patients, 46.67% were males. All of the patients were NF-pNETs (26.67% G1, 73.33% G2) and 6 of them had liver metastases (LM). The median size of the primary lesion was 2.14 cm, and the median ki-67 index was 6.27%. CTC were detected in 53.33% of patients, the mean count was 2.2 CTCs (median 1). For all the recruited patients, compared with the control group, patients with lymph metastases (P=0.003), tumor size larger than 2 cm (P=0.020) and elevated CgA level (P=0.001) preoperatively were likely to have higher capture rate of tumor cells. Conclusion: CTCs detection from the peripheral blood is practical in well-differentiated NF-pNETs, which has the potential to suggest the prognosis. Further detection and exploration need to be continued.
Organochlorines and Brominated Flame Retardants in Deep-Sea Ecosystem of Sagami Bay

Organochlorine compounds (OCs), brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C) were analyzed in various deep-sea organisms collected from Sagami Bay, Japan in 2004. PCBs and DDTs were the predominant contaminants detected in this study, followed by CHLs > HCB > HBCDs > PBDEs > HCHs. Concentrations of PCBs, DDTs, CHLs, HCB and PBDEs, which have high adsorptive affinities to particles and easily precipitate to sediments, were the highest in demersal fish among the organisms analyzed. Relatively high concentrations of HBCDs were found in species living in surface waters, suggesting recent input of HBCDs in the marine environment. Significant positive correlations between δ15N (‰) and concentrations of PCBs, DDTs, CHLs, HCB, PBDEs and HBCDs were found, indicating that these compounds were biomagnified in higher trophic level organisms. On the other hand, concentrations of HCHs decreased with an increase in trophic level implying dilution of this compound through the food web. The trophodynamic magnification factor (TMFs) of the analyzed PCB congeners showed an increasing trend for congeners with low log KOW (5–7), while a decreasing trend was observed for congeners with high log KOW (7–9). This phenomenon could be due to reduced bioavailability/uptake. This trend was also observed for PBDEs with some exceptions. TMF values calculated for BDE-99, -153, and -209 were lower than those of predicted TMF values. Metabolism or debromination of these congeners in the fish body is a possible reason for this difference. In addition, BDE-209 has extremely low bioavailability due to its large molecular size.
A Wideband CMOS Noise-Canceling Low-Noise Amplifier With High Linearity

This letter presents a wideband noise-canceling LNA focusing on canceling IMD2 and IMD3. By using a complementary CMOS parallel push-pull structure, the IMD2 is cancelled. The modified noise-canceling circuit properly suppresses the IMD3. Although the optimum canceling points for the noise and distortions are different, the noise figure is not degraded by the choice. The LNA implemented in a 65 nm CMOS process delivers an IIP2 of 25 dBm, an IIP3 of 5.5 dBm with a power gain of 13 dB and an noise figure of 2.1-3.5 dB in a frequency range from 0.1 to 1.6 GHz. The power consumption is 20.8 mW at 1.2 V and the chip area is only 0.014 mm2.
Analytical and numerical stability analysis of Soret-driven convection in a horizontal porous layer: the effect of conducting bounding plates

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of conducting boundaries on the onset of convection in a binary fluid-saturated porous layer. The isotropic saturated porous layer is bounded by two impermeable but thermally conducting plates, subjected to a constant heat flux. These plates have identical conductivity. Moreover, the conductivity of the plates is generally different from the porous layer conductivity. The overall layer is of large extent in both horizontal directions. The problem is governed by seven dimensionless parameters, namely the normalized porosity of the medium ε, the ratio of plates over the porous layer thickness δ and their relative thermal conductivities ratio d, the separation ratio δ, the Lewis number Le and thermal Rayleigh number Ra. In this work, an analytical and numerical stability analysis is performed. The equilibrium solution is found to lose its stability via a stationary bifurcation or a Hopf bifurcation depending on the values of the dimensionless parameters. For the long-wavelength mode, the critical Rayleigh number is obtained as Racs=12(1+2dδ )/[1+ψ (2dδLe+Le+1)] and kcs=0 for ψ> ψ uni> 0. This work extends an earlier paper by Mojtabi and Rees (2011 Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 54 293–301) who considered a configuration where the porous layer is saturated by a pure fluid.
Matching, Search, and Heterogeneity

Abstract This paper explores the efficiency of decentralized search behavior and matching patterns in a model with ex ante heterogeneity and a constant returns to scale search technology. We show that a linear tax or subsidy on search intensity decentralizes the social optimum. In the absence of the tax, high productivity agents are too willing to match, yet they search too little. Low productivity agents have the opposite behavior. As a result, the equilibrium is always inefficient in the absence of taxes, in contrast to known results on the efficiency of decentralized search models with homogeneous agents. We relate the inefficiencies to thick-market and congestion externalities.
Cosmetic Usage in Malaysia: Understanding of the Major Determinants Affecting the Users

Studies on cosmetic have received more attention not only from users, producers, retailers, but also from the authorities that are governing the industry. The consequences of the product usage received considerable attention but understanding of its development is hardly explored. But still, from year to year, the sales of cosmetics have demonstrated the continued growth. The industry players nowadays have diversified their marketing approaches not only to the traditional female market, but also to male market as well. A survey of 622 respondents using personally administered questionnaires, was conducted among the public in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia, concerning the effect of cosmetic usage to the skin. Specifically, there are three constructs of the survey such as branding, ingredients, and skin problems are assumed to be among the primary determinants for the cosmetic usage. The study further investigated several demographic profiles as to what extend they influence the usage of cosmetic. Using correlation and regression analysis, the results of the study indicated that there was a significant relationship between the identifiable constructs as to the determinants affecting the purchase and usage of cosmetic.
Cardiovascular Risk factors Analysis in Renal Transplant Recipients

Renal transplantation is currently the preferred treatment modality for virtually all suitable candidates with end-stage renal disease. When compared with the general population, cardiovascular mortality in transplant recipients is increased by nearly 10-fold among patients within the age range of 35 and 44 and at least doubled among those between the ages of 55 and 64. All transplant recipients should currently be considered as coronary heart disease risk. This study was designed to analyze cardio-vascular risk factors among renal transplant patients. To analyze the risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the renal transplant recipients. Analytical study was done in Government Stanley hospital among renal transplant recipients. All recipients’ profile of Age, Sex, Nature of the Donor, Post transplant duration in months was noted. Height and weight were measured. Body mass index was calculated. Waist circumference and Blood pressure were measured. Fasting and 2 hours postprandial blood were taken to analyze, Creatinine, Total Cholesterol, HDL,LDL, Triglycerides, Hemoglobin, Serum albumin, Serum uric acid. Although all the determinants of enhanced CVD risks in renal transplant recipients have not been well defined, both conventional and unconventional risk factors have been suggested to be contributory. The former risks include diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking, and family history. The latter risks include pre-existing left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery vascular calcification, impaired allograft function, proteinuria, anemia, acute rejection episodes, hyperhomocysteinemia, and inflammatory cytokines. According to analysis following variables concluded as cardiovascular risk factors were Increased age, Deceased donor graft recipients, Metabolic syndrome, Post transplantation Diabetes, Elevated serum cholesterol, Elevated LDL cholesterol, Elevated TGL cholesterol, Anemia, and Post transplant erythrocytosis.
Early intervention for trauma: Current status and future directions.

Although psychological debriefing (PD) represents the most common form of early intervention for recently traumatized people, there is little evidence supporting its continued use with individuals who experience severe trauma. This review identifies the core issues in early intervention that need to be addressed in resolving the debate over PD. It critiques the available evidence for PD and the early provision of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Based on available evidence, we propose that psychological first aid is an appropriate initial intervention, but that it does not serve a therapeutic or preventive function. When feasible, initial screening is required so that preventive interventions can be used for those individuals who may have difficulty recovering on their own. Evidence-based CBT approaches are indicated for people who are at risk of developing posttraumatic psychopathology. Guidelines for managing acutely traumatized people are suggested and standards are proposed to direct future research that may advance our understanding of the role of early intervention in facilitating adaptation to trauma.
Ovarian hormones in Ghezel ewes treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin ( PMSG ) during the breeding season

internal drug release (CIDR) devices, consisting of a Abstract This experiment was conducted to determine ovarian hormones in Ghezel ewes treated with controlled internal drug release device (CIDR) and various doses of PMSG during the breeding season. This investigation was conducted in 28 fat-tailed Ghezel ewes. All animals were divided randomly into four groups then a single intramuscular (IM) injection of PMSG (group 2, 350 IU, n = 7; group 3, 450 IU, n = 7; group 4, 550 IU, n= 7), group 1 (n = 7) was made apart from 1 ml normal saline solution which was used as a control group at time of CIDR removal. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein at the days of CIDR insert removal, estrus after PMSG treatment and 30 day of pregnancy for the determination of plasma E2 and P4 concentrations, showed significant differences (p<0.05) between the treatment groups and the control group regarding the plasma E2 levels at days of CIDR insert and estrus. Plasma E2 levels at day estrus were 13 pg/ml, 16.9 pg/ml, 17.6 pg/ml and 10.9 pg/ml in groups 2, 3, 4 and the control group, respectively. Differences between the treated and the control animals in the Plasma P4 levels at day estrus and 30th day of pregnancy were significant (p<0.05). Plasma P4 levels at 30 th day of pregnancy was 0.94 ng/ml, 1.1ng/ml, 1.24ng/ml and 0.82 ng/ml in groups 2, 3, 4 and the control group, respectively.
Comparison of MS-222 and Electronarcosis as Anesthetics on Cortisol Levels in Juvenile Atlantic Sturgeon

Abstract Invasive surgical procedures on sturgeon (family Acipenseridae) are sometimes conducted without anesthesia. We examined plasma cortisol concentrations in Atlantic Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus exposed to the anesthetic MS-222 (tricaine methanesulfonate), electronarcosis, or no anesthetic 1 and 24 h after a small incision mimicking an invasive procedure (tag implantation or laparoscopy). We also determined the feasibility of using electronarcosis in the field and the effect of salinity on electronarcosis. One hour after surgery under electronarcosis or MS-222 anesthesia, cortisol concentrations did not differ significantly from those in untreated controls but all three were significantly lower than the no-anesthetic group. There were no significant changes between 1- and 24-h blood cortisol concentrations. We recommend electronarcosis as a method to minimize stress in fish studies involving surgical procedures because it avoids the use of toxic chemicals and because induction and recovery are virt.
Firm Policies and the Cross-Section of CDS Spreads

We solve the credit spread puzzle with a structural model of firm’s policies that endogenously replicates the empirical cross-section of credit spreads. Structural estimation of the model's parameters reveals that the model cannot be rejected by the data, and that endogenous investment decisions are major determinants of CDS spreads. We also verify that controlling for financial leverage, CDS spreads are positively related to operating leverage, and negatively related to growth opportunities. Consistent with the idea that growth options reduce credit risk, investments are negatively correlated with changes in CDS spreads.
Optimal antenna placement for mobile terminals using characteristic mode analysis

When an electrically small antenna element is placed on a small finite ground plane, as in mobile terminals, the ground plane resonances strongly affect the impedance and radiation characteristics of the antenna system. In this paper, we show how characteristic mode analysis can predict the optimal locations of antennas on finite ground planes. As patch-type antennas couple to the ground plane resonances mainly through the electric field, it is natural that the strongest coupling and thus the maximum impedance bandwidth is obtained when the antenna element is placed at the maximum of the electric field of a ground plane mode. This is verified by moving a small probe antenna at selected locations over a rectangular 100 mm by 40 mm ground plane and by computing the obtainable bandwidth at each point.
Open R&D and Open Innovation: Exploring the Phenomenon

There is currently a broad awareness of open innovation and its relevance to corporate R&D. The implications and trends that underpin open innovation are actively discussed in terms of strategic, organizational, behavioral, knowledge, legal and business perspectives, and its economic implications. This special issue aims to advance the R&D, innovation, and technology management perspective by building on past and present studies in the field and providing future directions. Recent research, including the papers in this special issue, demonstrates an increasing range of situations where the concept is regarded as applicable. Most research to date has followed the outside-in process of open innovation, while the inside-out process remains less explored. A third coupled process of open innovation is also attracting significant research attention. These different processes show why it is necessary to have a full understanding of how and where open innovation can add value in knowledge-intensive processes. There may be a need for a creative interpretation and adaptation of the value propositions, or business models, in each situation. In other words, there are important implications for new and emerging methods of R&D management.
Vitamin D — Learn About Its Impact on the Immune System , Its Role in Autoimmunity , and Its Importance for Specific Autoimmune Diseases

Researchers have identified at least 80 different autoimmune diseases that affect at least 23.5 million Americans. The American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association, a nonprofit health agency whose mission is to eradicate autoimmune diseases and alleviate the suffering and the socioeconomic impact, believes both of these numbers may be too low and estimates there may be as many as 140 different diseases with a basis in autoimmunity. The organization also believes there may be as many as 50 million Americans with an autoimmune disease, as the 23.5 million estimate is based on only 24 autoimmune diseases. Whichever estimate is used, there appears to be no dispute that the prevalence is increasing.
Millimeter wave propagation in a short outdoor link using the vectorial Gaussian beam tracing method

The 3D vectorial Gaussian beam tracing method is used to model a short 62.4-GHz link in a simple urban environment. First the Gabor expansion method with a wide-waisted window function is utilized to expand the known far field pattern of the transmitter antenna into a set of Gaussian beams and then these beams are propagated in space until they impinge on a building wall or ground, on which a phase matching method is used to find the reflected Gaussian beams. We will also concisely introduce a new method to consider 3D GB diffraction when incident on a wedge. Overall coverage map shows the dominant effect of shadowing in the millimeter wave band. Received mean signal power in a line of sight route is produced to be compared with results from an exhaustive ray tracing method done by other authors.
Structural Investigation of Printed Ag/Al Contacts on Silicon and Numerical Modeling of Their Contact Recombination

Ag/Al pastes allow for a sufficiently low contact resistivity of less than 5 mΩ cm2 with boron-doped p+ emitters. A drawback of those pastes is an enlarged recombination at the silicon/metal interface below those contacts, compared with Ag pastes. For previous Ag/Al pastes from 2013, the observed recombination is even higher than theoretically expected for a fully metal-covered surface. Newly developed Ag/Al pastes allow for a significant reduction of the recombination below the contact, compared with a 2013 Ag/Al paste; for example, the J0e,m et of an 92Ω/sq. p+ emitter has decreased from 3420 down to 1014 fA/cm2 due to the newly developed paste. For an Rsheet of 137 Ω/sq, the J0e,met is 1399 fA/cm2. Structural investigations of those contacts reveal the microscopic appearance of the contacted region. There are contact spikes of metal grown into the silicon. Those spikes cover 1-1.2% of the entire printed finger area. With values for area fraction and depth of the spikes, we conduct simulations of J0e,m et. With these simulations, we are able to explain the enlarged recombination at the contact interface and describe the experimentally measured J0e,m et for both Ag/Al pastes described in this paper.
HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF ABOMASUM IN CATTLE

Histomorphological studies of abomasum was conducted on six normal cattle. Three glandular regions were arranged alternately to each other consisting cardiac, fundic and pyluric glands in respective regions. Secretory cells were seen in the mucosal layer throughout the abomasum. The size of mucosa, submucosa and muscularis were increased in the pyloric region as compared to cardiac and fundic part. The epithelium of abomasum were changed from stratified squamous to tall columnar epithelium.
Relativistic Disk Reflection in the Neutron Star X-Ray BinaryXTE J1709-267 with NuSTAR

We perform the first reflection study of the soft X-ray transient and Type 1 burst source XTE J1709-267 using NuSTAR observations during its 2016 June outburst. There was an increase in flux near the end of the observations, which corresponds to an increase from ∼0.04 LEdd to ∼0.06 LEdd assuming a distance of 8.5 kpc. We have separately examined spectra from the low- and high-flux intervals, which are soft and show evidence of a broad Fe K line. Fits to these intervals with relativistic disk reflection models have revealed an inner-disk radius of (where ) for the low-flux spectrum and for the high-flux spectrum at the 90% confidence level. The disk is likely truncated by a boundary layer surrounding the neutron star (NS) or the magnetosphere. Based on the measured luminosity and the accretion efficiency for a disk around an NS, we estimate that the theoretically expected size for the boundary layer would be from the NS’s surface, which can be increased by spin or viscosity effects. Another plausible scenario is that the disk could be truncated by the magnetosphere. We place a conservative upper limit on the strength of the magnetic field at the poles (assuming and ) of G, though X-ray pulsations have not been detected from this source.
Veterinary Medicine Detection of Standing Heat In Bitches: Application of Vaginal Cytology

Vaginal cytology studies were carried out to detect standing heats in twelve adult bitches. The predominating superficial cells observed were Large Intermediate Epithelial Cells (LIEC) and Giant Anucleated Cells (GAC) at 38.0 ± 21.6 hours before and at standing heats. Student t-test analysis revealed significance differences between LIEC before (21.58 ± 14.41) and at standing heat (38.08 ± 12.08) (p = 0.00); LIEC before and GAC before (37.00 ± 18.40) standing heats respectively (p = 0.03); LIEC before and GAC at standing heat (44.58 ± 24.18) (p = 0.02); and the mean percentages of GAC before (45.30%) and GAC at standing heat (54.68%). However, there were no significance differences between the mean percentages of LIEC before (49.17%) and at standing heat (50.81%); GAC and LIEC before standing heat; GAC and LIEC at standing heats. Also, the differences between GAC before and at standing heat (p = 0.23); GAC and LIEC at standing heats (p = 0.49); and LIEC at standing heat and GAC before standing heat (p = 0.89) were not significant. These findings indicate that vaginal cytology is a useful tool in detecting standing heat in bitches.
Effects of depomedroxyprogesterone acetate on the development and maintenance of Candida albicans in the vagina of oophorectomized Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) on the development and maintenance of Candida albicans in the vagina of oophorectomized Wistar rats. The animals were divided into negative control groups (NCG), which received injections of sterile saline; positive control groups (PCG), which were given injections of estradiol valerate; and progesterone groups (PG), which were given injections of Depo-Provera®. After one week of hormonal induction, vaginal infection by C. albicans was induced in all the groups and detected by vaginal yeast culture and Papanicolaou smear. In addition, scanning and transmission electron microscopy images were obtained to confirm the vaginal infection by yeast in PG. A difference in progesterone levels in PG was observed between the basal level and after hormonal induction (P<0.0001). In this group, 100% of the rats acquired vaginal infection in the first week, but did not maintain it until the third week. The pharmaceutical brand of DMPA was effective for inducing the metestrus or diestrus phase of the estrous cycle in rats, similar to the use of pure progesterone. In contrast to estrogen treatment, progesterone alone could not support an experimental vaginal infection by C. albicans for any significant period of time.