Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Blind QR Code Steganographic Approach Based upon Error Correction Capability

A novel steganographic QR code algorithm, which not only coveys the secret into the widely-used QR barcode but also preserves the readability of QR content and the capability of error correction, is presented in this article. Different from the conventional applications for QR barcode, the designed algorithm conceals the secret into the QR modules directly by exploiting the error correction capability. General browsers can read the QR content from the QR code via barcode readers; however, only the authorized receiver can further reveal the secret from the QR code directly. The new mechanism can convey a larger secret payload along with adjustment of the QR version and error correction level. Moreover, the blind property allows the receiver to reveal the secret without the knowledge of the embedded position of modules. Experimental results demonstrate that the new algorithm is secure, efficient and feasible for the low-power QR readers and mobile devices.
Food Insecurity and Coping Strategies amongst Students at University of Witwatersrand

This study described food security status and explored coping mechanisms of students at times of food insecurity at the University of the Witwatersrand. The sample consisted of 387 undergraduate students from all faculties and a subsample of 30 students who received financial aid. The 30 subsample students were also assessed regarding their coping strategies. Action research approaches included key indicators such as the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), and the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS). The HFIAS score showed that 1% of students was severely food insecure and 6% were identified as moderately food insecure. The DDS score amongst the sample was seven out of a possible 12 points. African male students originating from townships who were on financial aid and did not eat in university dining halls were the most vulnerable group to food insecurity. Almost all (97%) participants believed hunger could impact negatively on academic performance and 52% reported having personally experienced the impact of hunger on academic performance. Food security coping strategies used by students were avoiding expensive fast-food places; food pooling, shared meal preparation schedules; eating fewer meals and going home to get food. Wits should develop effective strategies to address pockets of hunger and food insecurity.
A note on the effect of prolonged salt intake from drinking water on the distribution of body water in Marwari sheep of the Rajasthan Desert, india

Sixteen healthy ewes of the Marwari breed were randomized and four ewes allocated to each of the following treatments: control, 0·5%, 1·0% and 1·5% sodium chloride in the drinking water. Blood volume, total body water, extracellular fluid volume, intracellular fluid volume and interstitial fluid volume were determined. The results showed that Marwari sheep have a remarkable tolerance to saline water. There were no significant changes in body water compartments accompanying the changes in salinity of the water. It was also concluded that sheep can subsist on drinking water containing concentrations of up to 1·5% sodium chloride for a period of 6 months or more without exhibiting signs of change in body water distribution.
Pick & Mix: Consumers moving between online and offline channels in the context of leisure travel preparations

Consumers are increasingly using web-based systems for the search and purchase of products and services. They are, however, also still using traditional, offline channels such as telephone, high street and mail order, on a regular basis. The research presented in this thesis investigated consumer use of e-services in the context of a multi-channel environment, with a special focus on voluntary channel choice and voluntary movement between channels. Both multi-channel usage and voluntary movement between channels are currently under-researched topics. The area of research for the study was leisure travel. The travel preparations from a sample of consumers throughout the UK were investigated through interviews and diary studies. Literature from the field of Human-Computer Interaction and Consumer Research informed the methodology and the perspective for the analysis. The findings from the in-depth study show that the participants frequently used multiple channels during their travel preparations. They regularly moved between online and offline channels, and often did so on a voluntary basis. The analysis revealed that the most important driver for multi-channel usage among the participants was the need for control. This research contextualises control as a key characteristic of contemporary consumption behaviour. Its main contributions are the findings that the need for control has six dimensions (time, place, costs, risks, information and personal contact), and that the influence of these dimensions on consumer channel choice varies across specific consumption situations. The study also found that the participants were not consistent in their channel choices over time. They showed fragmented consumer behaviour, dependent on their social roles and external circumstances. The thesis discusses how control and fragmentation are key themes in the explanation of voluntary multi-channel usage and movement between channels. The insights from this research contribute to a deeper understanding of consumer use of e-services and to strategic improvements in the design and management of e-services.
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and adult offspring cardiometabolic outcomes: a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy include eclampsia, pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, pre-existing chronic hypertension and pre-eclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension.1 ,2 They affect up to 8% of pregnancies and are a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.1 Chronic hypertension is associated with a much higher risk of pre-eclampsia and, in a subset of women, worsening of hypertension during pregnancy (without development of pre-eclampsia). 3 ,4 Women with pre-eclampsia have an adverse cardiovascular risk profile in later life.5 ,6 Cardiovascular risk factors in the childhood and early adulthood of offspring of pregnancies affected by pre-eclampsia have been examined in two earlier systematic reviews. These found evidence of raised blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI) in the offspring born to pre-eclamptic pregnancies.7 ,8 Less is known about the later life cardiovascular risk in offspring affected by maternal pre-eclampsia or other maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, although some studies suggest a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension9 and stroke10 in adulthood. The associations between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and subsequent cardiovascular disease in the offspring are complex. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with prematurity (which may be iatrogenic) and low birth weight even when corrected for gestation.11 Small for gestational age and gestation have been inversely associated with risk of cardiovascular disease.12 ,13 Furthermore, the strength of these associations varies by hypertensive disorder and severity of condition. We have systematically reviewed published papers of the association between maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and cardiovascular risk factors and disease in adult offspring. A systematic review of the published literature was undertaken. Inclusion criteria were: ### Types of study Observational epidemiological studies of offspring exposed in utero to a maternal hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. ### Types of participant Offspring aged at least 18 years at last …
DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM TOURISM ENTERPRISES IN AND AROUND MASVINGO, ZIMBABWE

Tourism is viewed as one of the largest and fastest growing industries at the global level. Developing countries often see it as a low-hanging fruit in terms of stimulating economic development. A variety of perspectives has been explored in the study of tourism. However, one of the least researched issues is that of the demographic characteristics of the sector. Hence, there is a need to explore it. This study focusing on Masvingo Urban (Zimbabwe) examines several demographic features of the tourism industry. They include: age, gender, education as well as designation, nature and type of organization and experience. The data collection exercise was conducted in May, 2018. It is recommended that more such studies should be conducted so as to achieve more holistic views on the subject. Since women in the industry are outnumbered by men, there is a need to employ more of them in order to balance up the numbers. Although this study only focuses on Masvingo, there is a need to explore the issues at both national and regional levels so that policies can be drawn with a view to improve the situation. Article visualizations:
Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Financial Performance: A State Owned Enterprises Case Study

In today’s business environment, the maximization of shareholders wealth is not the only objective of a company. By engaging in the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program, companies are also responsible for the interest of stakeholders and society at large. CSR disclosure is believed to improve financial performance. In State Owned Enterprises (SOE), however, the validity of this relationship has been called into question. In this paper, the main objective is to investigate the influence of CSR disclosure on financial performance in SOE. In relation to the measurement of financial performance, this study takes into account three indicators: Return on Equity (ROE), Earning Per Share (EPS), and Net Profit Margin (NPM). In this study, data from state owned enterprises, which were listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from the period of 2011 to 2015, were analyzed using simple regression method. The data used in this study took the form of financial and sustainability report issued by state owned enterprises. The results show that the disclosure of CSR has a significant positive effect on ROE. The CSR disclosure also has a significant positive effect on EPS. In contrast, the disclosure of CSR has no effect on NPM. In the context of State Owned Enterprises, the research demonstrates that there is positive relationship between CSR disclosure and financial performance. This paper contributes to our understanding of state owned enterprises in Indonesia; a research area which has to date been neglected by scholars.
Cerebellar Golgi cells in the rat receive convergent peripheral inputs via a lateral reticular nucleus relay

Golgi cells are important players in the function of the cerebellar cortex, controlling the flow of incoming information from mossy fibres to the granule cells, which excite other cortical neurons. We recently showed that in anaesthetized rats most Golgi cells respond to stimulation of afferents from a very wide peripheral receptive field with a long‐lasting depression of firing. These responses are mediated via a crossed ascending afferent pathway but the supraspinal part of this pathway is unknown. Here we have examined the hypothesis that the lateral reticular nucleus, a brainstem nucleus with known broad afferent convergence that projects mossy fibres to much of the cerebellum, is involved. First, we showed that single‐pulse electrical microstimulation within the lateral reticular nucleus can elicit long‐lasting depressions in Golgi cells, which are qualitatively similar to those evoked by peripheral afferent stimulation. Second, we showed that the amplitude of the depressions of Golgi cell firing evoked by peripheral stimulation can be reduced by pharmacological manipulation of the lateral reticular nucleus, either ipsilateral or contralateral to the stimulus site, with local injections of either the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol or the AMPA receptor blocker 6‐cyano‐7‐nitroquinoxaline‐2,3‐dione. This evidence suggests that the lateral reticular nucleus is a relay nucleus in the brainstem for peripheral afferent information in a pathway that generates Golgi cell long‐lasting depression responses.
Gastroprotection with proton-pump inhibitors in high-risk cardiovascular patients: who to target and for how long?

Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed to over 100 million patients worldwide annually, are commonly available over the counter, and are challenging to regulate. PPIs have been shown to reduce dual antiplatelet therapy-related dyspepsia [1] and clinically significant gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding [2] in patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD). However, multiple observational studies have suggested potential cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular side effects with long-term use of PPI therapy [3] and have raised concerns regarding overuse and inappropriate use of these agents [4]. In this editorial, we discuss (1) the mechanistic pathways linking PPI therapy with potential cardiovascular risk; (2) the selection of potential candidates and duration of PPI gastroprotection; and (3) the future steps to optimize gastroprotection in cardiovascular disease.
Integrated Reporting: The Changing Nature of Accounting Profession

Integrated Reporting (IR) is a new concept which has been receiving considerable attention from the global community since the formation of the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC) in 2010. Mauritius is a fast developing country where IR has gained growing traction over the last three years. It is important to understand the potential for IR in this island where sustainable development must be central to economic thinking as the island state has to preserve its resources in the long run. The purpose of this paper to find out the organizational benefits and implementation challenges of preparing an Integrated Report in Mauritius. It is also extended to identify the knowledge and skills employers perceive relevant for future accounting graduates. A survey is carried out to extract responses from report preparers and other stakeholders (investors, analyst and auditors) from a wide range of industries in Mauritius, to explore their opinions regarding IR. Findings signify that IR is being adopted by a majority of companies in Mauritius, although it is a relatively new concept. A majority thinks IR is improving the current corporate reporting. However, the fear of divulging market and/ or price sensitive information is the main challenge facing the practices of IR in Mauritius. The findings may be useful to better understand the likely development of IR in developing markets, as most of the previous studies on IR focused on developed countries and South Africa.
MUC1 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma is associated with BRAF mutation and lymph node metastasis; the latter is the most important risk factor of relapse.

BACKGROUND The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has increased over the past 30 years in Western countries. PTC is usually associated with a good prognosis, but there is a wide range of aggressiveness, and some patients develop distant metastasis and/or resistance to standard treatment. Early identification of these high-risk tumors is a current challenge for appropriate patient management. MUC1 expression has been studied previously in thyroid cancer, but its prognostic value remains controversial. Here, we correlated MUC1 expression in PTC with clinical and pathological features and with the presence of the BRAF(V600E) mutation. METHODS We performed a clinical and morphological analysis of 190 thyroid tumors (95 PTCs and 95 adenomas). MUC1 immunohistochemistry was carried out on a tissue microarray using different antibodies. The presence of the BRAF(V600E) mutation was investigated by pyrosequencing. MUC1 mRNA levels were assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction on a subset of PTC. RESULTS MUC1 expression was observed in 49% of PTCs and was found to correlate with the presence of papillary architecture, a stromal lymphoid infiltrate, aggressive histological subtypes, extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastasis, nuclear pseudoinclusions, lymphovascular invasion, and the presence of the BRAF(V600E) mutation (p<0.0001). MUC1 was abundant in nuclear pseudoinclusions. Multivariate analysis showed a strong association of MUC1 expression with the presence of the BRAF(V600E) mutation and lymph node metastasis (p<0.0001). Lymph node metastasis was the most important risk factor of relapse. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows an association between MUC1 expression and the presence of the BRAF(V600E) mutation in PTC. Analysis of MUC1 expression could improve the risk stratification of PTCs.
Water User’s Conflicts in Irrigation Schemes in Tanzania

The aim of this study was to examine types of conflicts and factors contributing to their occurrence in water allocation processes. The study was conducted in Mkindo Irrigation Scheme and employed the Exploratory Sequential Mixed Approach, whereby the dominant approach was qualitative approach, complemented by quantitative techniques. The data collection methods were in-depth interviews, documentary reviews and focus group discussions for the qualitative data and questionnaire for quantitative data. Qualitative data were analysed using qualitative content analysis and explanation building techniques. The quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Findings reveal existence of inter-micro micro and intra micro-micro water users’ conflicts in the selected irrigation scheme. The study also identified the factors determining the water user’s conflicts in the selected scheme. To enhance water allocation processes in the selected irrigation schemes, the study recommends strengthening of coordination units and multi-stakeholders platforms.
Draft Genome Sequence of Porphyromonas gingivalis Strain SJD2, Isolated from the Periodontal Pocket of a Patient with Periodontitis in China

ABSTRACT Porphyromonas gingivalis strain SJD2 was isolated from subgingival plaque of a patient in China with chronic periodontitis. Here, we report the draft genome of this strain, with a size of 2,328,850 bp, average G+C content of 48.3%, and 2,020 predicted protein-coding sequences.
Insights into the anti‐microbial defense of marine invertebrates: the penaeid shrimps and the oyster Crassostrea gigas

Summary: Research on innate immunity of the penaeid shrimps and the oyster Crassostrea gigas is motivated greatly by economical necessities. Indeed, the aquaculture of these organisms is now limited by the development of infectious diseases. Studying anti‐microbial peptides/proteins (AMPs), which are effector molecules of the host defense, is particularly attractive not only for progressing basic knowledge on immunity but also because they offer various possible applications for disease management in aquaculture. AMPs are explored with a global approach, considering their structure, properties, function, gene expression, and tissue distribution during the response to infections. In shrimp, investigations of the penaeidins, which are constitutively expressed peptides, have highlighted the importance of hemocytes and hematopoiesis as major elements of the immune response, providing both local and systemic reactions. The activation of hematopoiesis must be regarded as a regulatory way for the expression and distribution of constitutively expressed immune effectors. As complementary approaches, genomics and gene profiling are promising to deepen our understanding of the anti‐microbial defense of the oyster and the shrimp. However, real progress will depend also on the characterization of hemocyte lineages and hematopoiesis of these marine invertebrates as well as on the ontogenesis of their immune systems.
The Influence of Green Supply Chain Practices towards Environmental Development: The Malaysian ISO14001 Certified Manufacturing Companies Perspective

In recent years, the issue of sustainability and the environment has become a key managerial concern. Presently, businesses, societies and governments are giving more attention to the issue as there are escalating challenges revolving around balancing between environmental and business requirements. In view of the challenges faced by organisations, green supply chain practices have emerged as an approach that Abstract
Evaluation of My Kampung My Future Program Effectiveness Based on CIPP Model

The agriculture sector is making a name in the economic sector of a country. Hence, it enables to improve the standard of living of the community and becomes the largest contributor to the production of food. This article discusses the evaluation of My Kampung My Future (MKMF) program based on the CIPP evaluation model (Context, Input, Process and Product) performed as an effort to ensure its effectiveness and smoothness in the future. The program is able to attract more youths to venture into the agricultural sector. At the same time, it is capable of upholding the agricultural sector around the world. Therefore, the MKMF program aims to reduce the percentage of unemployment among youths who are also the most needed human capital in advancing the country's economy.
Factors constraining rural households’ use of mobile phones in accessing agricultural information in Southern Ethiopia

This study examined factors constraining the use of mobile phones in accessing agricultural information by rural households in southern Ethiopia. A survey was employed to collect data from 320 randomly selected respondents. The result revealed that variables such as age, level of education, annual income, money spent on mobile phone per day; farm distance to the nearest town, ownership of mobile phones, mobile phone having handset FM radio and information need and seeking behaviour were important factors that affect the use of mobile phones in communicating agricultural information. The Bureau of Agriculture should consider these identified factors when designing strategies for dissemination of agricultural information using mobile phones.
Immunologic Relationships of Antihemophilic Factor of Different Species Detected by Specific Human and Rabbit Antibodies 1

Summary The plasmas of 14 nonhuman mammalian species corrected the specific clotting defect in human hemophilic plasma. The antihemophilic factor (AHF, Factor VIII) activity in all these plasmas was inhibited by human circulating anticoagulants directed against AHF and, except for rabbit AHF, by rabbit antiserum to purified normal human AHF, but human AHF was more readily inhibited than animal plasmas by both these agents. Porcine AHF was more resistant than bovine AHF to inhibition by all of 6 human circulating anticoagulants. In immuno-precipitation studies using rabbit antiserum, primate plasmas gave reactions of identity with human plasma, while non-primate mammalian plasmas gave reactions of partial identity. Plasma from a reptile and from two avian species contained no detectable antigen or clot-promoting properties related to human AHF.