Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Infrared optical absorption in low-spin Fe2+-doped SrTiO3

Band gap engineering in SrTiO3 and related titanate perovskites has long been explored due to the intriguing properties of the materials for photocatalysis and photovoltaic applications. A popular approach in the materials chemistry community is to substitutionally dope aliovalent transition metal ions onto the B site in the lattice to alter the valence band. However, in such a scheme there is limited control over the dopant valence, and compensating defects often form. Here we demonstrate a novel technique to controllably synthesize Fe2+- and Fe3+-doped SrTiO3 thin films without formation of compensating defects by co-doping with La3+ ions on the A site. We stabilize Fe2+-doped films by doping with two La ions for every Fe dopant, and find that the Fe ions exhibit a low-spin electronic configuration, producing optical transitions in the near infrared regime and degenerate doping. The novel electronic states observed here offer a new avenue for band gap engineering in perovskites for photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications.
Electronic medical record use by office-based physicians and their practices: United States, 2006.

OBJECTIVES This report presents the latest information on the use of electronic medical records in physician offices. Percentages of medical practices and physicians within the practices using electronic medical records (EMR) are presented for 2006 by selected physician and practice characteristics. METHODS Data from the physician induction interviews of the 2006 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) are presented. NAMCS includes a national probability sample of nonfederal office-based physicians who saw patients in an office setting. Sample data were weighted to produce national estimates of physicians. Estimates of medical practices were derived from NAMCS physician data by adjusting the weighting scheme using a multiplicity estimator. RESULTS In 2006, 29.2 percent of office-based physicians reported using full or partial EMR systems, which represented a 22% increase since 2005 and a 60% increase since 2001, when the NAMCS began monitoring this technology. Starting in 2005, the NAMCS included questions about EMR system features that health information technology experts consider minimal for a comprehensive EMR, namely computerized orders for prescriptions, computerized orders for tests, reporting of test results (lab or imaging), and clinical notes. Based on these requirements, 12.4 percent of physicians surveyed used comprehensive EMR systems in 2006, a figure not significantly different from the 9.3 percent reported for 2005. From 2005 to 2006, the percentage of medical practices using full or partial EMR systems increased by 42% (from 18.3 to 25.9 percent), but the percentage of medical practices using a comprehensive EMR system did not change.
Could treatment with R‐HCVAD/R‐MA as compared to R‐ CHOP truly result in improved outcomes for patients with high‐risk diffuse large B cell lymphoma? – Response to Landsburg et al

group as compared to the R-CHOP group (not yet reached vs. 14 3 months) with a median follow-up of 23 2 months. Taking into account our data (acknowledging potential selection bias favouring treatment of healthier patients with RHCVAD/R-MA), along with those reported by Oki et al (2013), we suggest that the use of R-HCVAD/R-MA as initial therapy for fit younger patients with DLBCL harbouring a MYC rearrangement should also be explored in a larger prospective trial. Additionally, DLBCL patients with a sole MYC rearrangement should be distinguished from those with additional gene rearrangements who would be best classified as ‘double-hit’ (Aukema et al, 2011), a finding which is associated with a particularly poor prognosis (Li et al, 2013). Daniel J. Landsburg Stephen J. Schuster Jakub Svoboda Sunita D. Nasta Hematologic Malignancies Program, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA E-mail: daniel.landsburg@uphs.upenn. edu
CONTACT-INHIBITED REVERTANT CELL LINES ISOLATED FROM SV40-TRANSFORMED CELLS

The ultrastructural appearances of normal 3T3, SV40-transformed 3T3 (SV-3T3), and F1A revertant cell lines are compared. Both confluent and subconfluent cultures are described after in situ embedding of the cells for electron microscopy. There is striking nuclear pleomorphism in F1A revertant cells, with many cells having large nuclei compared to the less variable nuclear morphology of both normal 3T3 and SV-3T3 cells. Under the culture conditions used, deep infoldings of the nuclear envelope are prominent in growing cells, e.g., subconfluent normal 3T3 and confluent SV-3T3 cells. Such infoldings are infrequently seen in cultures which display contact inhibition of growth, e.g., normal 3T3 or F1A revertant cells grown just to confluence. In confluent cultures, the cytoplasmic organelles in revertant cells closely resemble those of normal 3T3 cells. In both normal and revertant cells in confluent culture, the peripheral cytoplasm (ectoplasm) has many 70 A filaments (alpha filaments), which are frequently aggregated into bundles. Alpha filaments are also abundant in the ectoplasm near regions of cell-to-cell apposition and in the motile cell processes (filopodia). The abundance and state of aggregation of alpha filaments correlates with contact inhibition of movement and growth in these cell lines since fewer bundles of alpha filaments are seen in growing cells than in contact-inhibited cells. This observation suggests that these filaments may be an important secondary component in the regulation of contact inhibition of movement and, possibly, of growth in normal and revertant cells.
Use of the Pipeline Embolization Device to Treat Recently Ruptured Dissecting Cerebral Aneurysms

The Pipeline embolization device (PED) is one of the flow-diverting stents approved for the treatment of unruptured large or wide-necked cerebral aneurysms in 2011. Its use has now been extended to the treatment of recently ruptured dissecting cerebral aneurysm, carotid pseudoaneurysm from radiation injury, and blister aneurysms. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of utilizing the PED as a primary treatment for ruptured dissecting intracranial aneurysms. A single center retrospective review was conducted for all patients primarily treated with PED for acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from ruptured dissecting cerebral aneurysms between December 2010 and February 2013. Patients were followed up with CT angiogram (CTA) or digital subtraction angiogram (DSA). Eight patients with a total of eight dissecting aneurysms were identified. The mean duration from SAH to treatment was 2.5 days. Six of the aneurysms arose from vertebral arteries and two from the basilar artery. Immediate check-DSA confirmed satisfactory contrast stasis in all eight cases, and complete aneurysmal obliteration was achieved at six months. There were two (25%) procedure-related complications, but no major procedure-related complications, such as thromboembolic events or rebleeding from aneurysm were encountered. The PED is a feasible treatment option for ruptured dissecting cerebral aneurysms in acute phase. According to our experience, using PED as flow-diverters in acute SAH does not significantly increase the complication risks or mortality rate if the antiplatelet regime is carefully monitored. Future studies shall evaluate the optimal antiplatelet regimen for using the PED in the acute phase.
A Habitable Fluvio-Lacustrine Environment at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars

The Curiosity rover discovered fine-grained sedimentary rocks, which are inferred to represent an ancient lake and preserve evidence of an environment that would have been suited to support a martian biosphere founded on chemolithoautotrophy. This aqueous environment was characterized by neutral pH, low salinity, and variable redox states of both iron and sulfur species. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and phosphorus were measured directly as key biogenic elements; by inference, phosphorus is assumed to have been available. The environment probably had a minimum duration of hundreds to tens of thousands of years. These results highlight the biological viability of fluvial-lacustrine environments in the post-Noachian history of Mars.
Infant Mortality Statistics From the 2013 Period Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Set.

OBJECTIVES This report presents 2013 period infant mortality statistics from the linked birth/infant death data set (linked file) by maternal and infant characteristics. The linked file differs from the mortality file, which is based entirely on death certificate data. METHODS Descriptive tabulations of data are presented and interpreted. RESULTS The U.S. infant mortality rate was 5.96 infant deaths per 1,000 live births in 2013, similar to the rate of 5.98 in 2012. The number of infant deaths was 23,446 in 2013, a decline of 208 infant deaths from 2012. From 2012 to 2013, infant mortality rates were stable for most race and Hispanic origin groups; declines were reported for two Hispanic subgroups: Cuban and Puerto Rican. Since 2005, the most recent high, the U.S. infant mortality rate has declined 13% (from 6.86), with declines in both neonatal and postneonatal mortality overall and for most groups. In 2013, infants born at 37–38 weeks of gestation (early term) had mortality rates that were 63% higher than for full-term (39–40 week) infants. For multiple births, the infant mortality rate was 25.84, 5 times the rate of 5.25 for singleton births. In 2013, 36% of infant deaths were due to preterm-related causes of death, and an additional 15% were due to causes grouped into the sudden unexpected infant death category.
Algorithm 467: Matrix Transposition in Place

Submittal of an algorithm for consideration for publication in Communications of the A C M implies unrestricted use of the algorithm within a computer is permissible. Copyright © 1973, Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. General permission to republish, but not for profit, all or part o f this material is granted provided that A C M ' s copyright notice is given and that reference is made to the publication, to its date of issue, and to the fact that reprinting privileges were granted by permission of the Association for Computing Machinery.
Does coronary CT angiography improve risk stratification over coronary artery calcium scoring in symptomatic patients with a low pre-test probability of coronary artery disease and a CAC of zero?

I read with great interest the article entitled ‘Does coronary CT angiography improve risk stratification over coronary calcium scoring in symptomatic patients with suspected coronary artery disease? Results from the prospective multicenter international CONFIRM registry’ from Al-Mallah et al. 1 published in European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging . Perhaps, an unanswered question that could be addressed by the same group would be: Does coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) improve risk stratification over coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring in symptomatic patients …
TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVES ON TOLERANCE EDUCATION. A LITERATURE REVIEW

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of teachers’ perspectives on tolerance education. Our literature review is an attempt to reveal the curre nt state of the art regarding studies and research on teachers and prospective teachers’ perspectives on the concept of tolerance, pedagogical approaches to tolerance and the goals of tolerance education. We shall also try to highlight the degree of teachers’ awareness of the need for tolerance education and t he challenges of implementing it in today’s mainstr eam
A Novel Linear Plasmid Mediates Flagellar Variation in Salmonella Typhi

Unlike the majority of Salmonella enterica serovars, Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi), the etiological agent of human typhoid, is monophasic. S. Typhi normally harbours only the phase 1 flagellin gene (fliC), which encodes the H:d antigen. However, some S. Typhi strains found in Indonesia express an additional flagellin antigen termed H:z66. Molecular analysis of H:z66+ S. Typhi revealed that the H:z66 flagellin structural gene (fljBz66) is encoded on a linear plasmid that we have named pBSSB1. The DNA sequence of pBSSB1 was determined to be just over 27 kbp, and was predicted to encode 33 coding sequences. To our knowledge, pBSSB1 is the first non-bacteriophage–related linear plasmid to be described in the Enterobacteriaceae.
Use or Value? Practical Adoption of Strategy Tools in Different Stages of the Strategy Process

Strategy tools such as scenario planning and Porter’s Five Forces are institutionalized strategy practices that have been developed in order to support the strategy work of practitioners and organizations. However, little research has been concerned with the practicalities of using strategy tools. This paper addresses this gap through a large scale survey of variation in the value that managers accord to different strategy tools in different stages of the strategy process. The findings show that: a) strategy tools use and value are not strongly correlated; and b) the correlation of use with value decreases progressively from the strategy analysis, to strategic choice, to strategy implementation phases of the strategy process. Essentially, despite high use of some strategy tools in all phases of the strategy process, these tools are not always accorded high practical value. This finding indicates the institutionalized nature of strategy practices, and identifies important avenues for future research into the use of strategy tools in practice. Jarzabkowski, P and Giulietti, M and Oliveira, B and Amoo, NA
Nonlinear Least-Squares Frequency Offset Estimator and Its Simplified Versions for Flat-Fading Channel

In this paper, the Nonlinear Least-Squares (NLS) estimator for frequency offset in flat-fading channels is systematically derived. A simple interpolation technique is introduced to reduce the computational cost of the resulting NLS estimator. Furthermore, we propose an approximated NLS estimator which significantly simplifies the implementation complexity of the full structure NLS estimator. All the estimators derived in this paper do not require any information about the channel correlation as needed for most of the existing techniques. The simulation results show that the performances of two simplified NLS estimators are as good as that obtained from the full structure NLS estimator.
Ontology construction using online ontologies based on selection, mapping and merging

The reuse of ontologies existing on the Web should be required to speed up ontology construction process. However, current ontology mapping approaches assume that two input ontologies are given not discovered from available semantic data of the web. In this paper, we present a new approach, which integrates ontology selection, mapping, and merging processes in order to minimise human mediation. Our ontology selection mechanism accepts a hand-crafted ontology as query ontology to search already constructed relevant ontologies. In addition, we develop a ranking method based on syntactic and semantic structure of classes to provide the best search result to the user.
Formal verification of machine-code programs

Formal program verification provides mathematical means of increasing assurance for the correctness of software. Most approaches to program verification are either fully automatic and prove only weak properties, or alternatively are manual and labour intensive to apply; few target realistically modelled machine code. The work presented in this dissertation aims to ease the effort required in proving properties of programs on top of detailed models of machine code. The contributions are novel approaches for both verification of existing programs and methods for automatically constructing correct code. For program verification, this thesis presents a new approach based on translation: the problem of proving properties of programs is reduced, via fully-automatic deduction, to a problem of proving properties of recursive functions. The translation from programs to recursive functions is shown to be implementable in a theorem prover both for simple while-programs as well as real machine code. This verification-after-translation approach has several advantages over established approaches of verification condition generation. In particular, the new approach does not require annotating the program with assertions. More importantly, the proposed approach separates the verification proof from the underlying model so that specific resource names, some instruction orderings and certain control-flow structures become irrelevant. As a result, proof reuse is enabled to a greater extent than in currently used methods. The scalability of this new approach is illustrated through the verification of ARM, x86 and PowerPC implementations of a copying garbage collector. For construction of correct code, this thesis presents a new compiler which maps functions from logic, via proof, down to multiple carefully modelled commercial machine languages. Unlike previously published work on compilation from higher-order logic, this compiler allows input functions to be partially specified and supports a broad range of user-defined extensions. These features enabled the production of formally verified machine-code implementations of a LISP interpreter, as a case study. The automation and proofs have been implemented in the HOL4 theorem prover, using a new machine-code Hoare triple instantiated to detailed specifications of ARM, x86 and PowerPC instruction set architectures. “Making formal methods into normal methods. ” — Peter Homeier
Vascular Parkinsonism: Deconstructing a Syndrome

Progressive ambulatory impairment and abnormal white matter (WM) signal on neuroimaging come together under the diagnostic umbrella of vascular parkinsonism (VaP). A critical appraisal of the literature, however, suggests that (1) no abnormal structural imaging pattern is specific to VaP; (2) there is poor correlation between brain MRI hyperintensities and microangiopathic brain disease and parkinsonism from available clinicopathologic data; (3) pure parkinsonism from vascular injury (“definite” vascular parkinsonism) consistently results from ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes involving the SN and/or nigrostriatal pathway, but sparing the striatum itself, the cortex, and the intervening WM; and (4) many cases reported as VaP may represent pseudovascular parkinsonism (e.g., Parkinson's disease or another neurodegenerative parkinsonism, such as PSP with nonspecific neuroimaging signal abnormalities), vascular pseudoparkinsonism (e.g., akinetic mutism resulting from bilateral mesial frontal strokes or apathetic depression from bilateral striatal lacunar strokes), or pseudovascular pseudoparkinsonism (e.g., higher‐level gait disorders, including normal‐pressure hydrocephalus with transependimal exudate). These syndromic designations are preferable over VaP until pathology or validated biomarkers confirm the underlying nature and relevance of the leukoaraiosis. © 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Circumcision Status and HIV Infection Among Black and Latino Men Who Have Sex With Men in 3 US Cities

Results: Circumcision prevalence was higher among black MSM than among Latino MSM (74% vs. 33%; P , 0.0001). Circumcised MSM in both racial/ethnic groups were more likely than uncircumcised MSM to be born in the United States or to have a USborn parent. Circumcision status was not associated with prevalent HIV infection among Latino MSM, black MSM, black bisexual men, or black or Latino men who reported being HIV-negative based on their last HIV test. Further, circumcision was not associated with a reduced likelihood of HIV infection among men who had engaged in unprotected insertive and not unprotected receptive anal sex.
Photo retrieval based on spatial layout with hardware acceleration

A new photo retrieval system for mobile devices is proposed in this paper. The system can be used to search for photos with similar spatial layout effectively and efficiently, and it adopts a new algorithm that extracts features of image regions based on hardware K-Means clustering. Since K-Means is computationally intensive for real-time applications in embedded systems, it is necessary to accelerate K-Means using parallel architecture to meet the real-time requirement of the retrieval process. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm in the photo retrieval system obtains better mean average precision than other methods, and the K-Means hardware provides a tradeoff between the execution time and the retrieval performance on the software and hardware co-simulation platform with an FPGA.
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy: is it an autoimmune disease due to bacteria showing molecular mimicry with brain antigens?

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) could be an autoimmune disease produced following exposure of cattle to feedstuffs containing bacteria showing molecular mimicry between bacterial components and bovine tissue. Analysis of molecular sequence databases (Genbank and SwissProt) shows that three bacteria (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus,Ruminococcus albus, and Agrobacter tumefaciens) share sequences with the encephalitogenic peptide of bovine myelin, while three molecules in Escherichia coli show molecular mimicry with host-encoded prion protein. Immune responses against these bacteria at both T and B cell levels may cause neurological tissue injury resembling BSE. The role of these bacteria in BSE, if any, merits further investigation. ImagesFigure 1.Figure 2.
HIV-Positive Nigerian Adults Harbor Significantly Higher Serum Lumefantrine Levels than HIV-Negative Individuals Seven Days after Treatment for Plasmodium falciparum Infection

ABSTRACT Management of coinfection with malaria and HIV is a major challenge to public health in developing countries, and yet potential drug-drug interactions between antimalarial and antiviral regimens have not been adequately investigated in people with both infections. Each of the constituent components of artemether-lumefantrine, the first-line regimen for malaria treatment in Nigeria, and nevirapine, a major component of highly active antiretroviral therapy, are drugs metabolized by the cytochrome P450 3A4 isoenzyme system, which is also known to be induced by nevirapine. We examined potential interactions between lumefantrine and nevirapine in 68 HIV-positive adults, all of whom were diagnosed with asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections by microscopy. Post hoc PCR analysis confirmed the presence of P. falciparum in only a minority of participants. Day 7 capillary blood levels of lumefantrine were significantly higher in HIV-positive participants than in 99 HIV-negative controls (P = 0.0011). Associations between day 7 levels of lumefantrine and risk of persistent parasitemia could not be evaluated due to inadequate power. Further investigations of the impact of nevirapine on in vivo malaria treatment outcomes in HIV-infected patients are thus needed.