Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Phenomenological Inquiry Into The Perceptions Of E-Leaders On Virtual Team Leadership

Corporations are facing a more complex and challenging global business environment, and many have implemented a virtual workforce to maintain their competitive advantage through maximizing productivity, reducing product time to market, and cost reduction. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to gain a deeper understanding of the phenomenon of virtual leadership, as seen through the eyes of study participants (Merriam, 2009). Participants included fifteen Fortune 500 virtual team leaders who had prior experience leading traditional co-located teams. Data collected through telephone interviews were transcribed verbatim and NVivo 11 assisted in the coding, analyses, and presentation. The data analysis emerged with four major themes: (a) establishing and maintaining rapport with subordinates in the absence of physical cues; (b) monitoring and assessing individual performance and the importance of follow-up on observed performance issues; (c) having inherent people skills to bridge the distance created by working over a virtual platform and across different time zones and geographic locations; and (d) establishing effective virtual communications systems and workflow processes (Lepsinger, 2014).
Detection of lipoplysaccharide in the picogram range of tissue culture media by a kinetic chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate assay

A kinetic chromogenic Limulus amebocyte lysate assay for detection of lipopolysaccharide in a tissue cuture media containing interfering substances were removed by ultrafiltration. The recovery of lipopolysaccharide from the ultrafiltrated tissue cuture media was 61.6 ± 21.4%. The kinetic Limulus assay was compared with the traditional in the two assays showed a good correlation. The detection limit was 1 pg/ml in the chromogenic assay and 0.25 pg/ml in the kinetic assay.
Comparison between PCR and Detection of Antigen in Sera for Diagnosis of Pulmonary Aspergillosis

ABSTRACT We evaluated the usefulness of PCR and antigen detection for the diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis. Forty-four serum samples from patients with pulmonary aspergillosis (33 with pulmonary aspergilloma, 4 with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, 4 with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and 3 with aspergillus pyothorax) were used in this study. PCR detection of Aspergillus DNA in serum samples was successful in 39 patients. Galactomannan antigen was detected by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 25 patients and by latex agglutination test in 13 patients. Detection ofAspergillus DNA in serum samples by nested PCR had the highest sensitivity of the three methods tested for the diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis.
Overnight Preliminary Head CT Interpretations Provided by Residents: Locations of Misidentified Intracranial Hemorrhage

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Our aim was to determine the patterns of error of radiology residents in the detection of intracranial hemorrhage on head CT examinations while on call. Follow-up studies were reviewed to determine if there was any adverse effect on patient outcome as a result of these preliminary interpretations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiology residents prospectively interpreted 22,590 head CT examinations while on call from January 1, 2002, to July 31, 2006. The following morning, the studies were interpreted by staff neuroradiologists, and discrepancies from the preliminary report were documented. Patients’ charts were reviewed for clinical outcomes and any imaging follow-up. RESULTS: There were a total of 1037 discrepancies identified, of which 141 were due to intracranial hemorrhage. The most common types of intracranial hemorrhage that were missed were subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage occurring in 39% and 33% of the cases, respectively. The most common location for missed subdural hemorrhage was either parafalcine or frontal. The most common location of missed subarachnoid hemorrhage was in the interpeduncular cistern. There was 1 case of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage that was not described in the preliminary report. Fourteen patients were brought back to the emergency department for short-term follow-up imaging after being discharged. We did not observe any adverse clinical outcomes that resulted from a discrepant reading. CONCLUSION: Discrepancies due to intracranial hemorrhage are usually the result of subdural or subarachnoid hemorrhage. A more complete understanding of the locations of the missed hemorrhage can hopefully help decrease the discrepancy rate to help improve patient care.
Association Between Obesity and Post-stroke Anxiety in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke

Post-stroke anxiety (PSA) is serious psychosomatic comorbidity among patients with stroke, but whether obesity could be positively associated with PSA is currently unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential association between obesity and subsequent anxiety risk in patients with stroke. A total of 441 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) onset were consecutively recruited within 7 days, and PSA and post-stroke depression (PSD) were evaluated by using a 14-item Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and 17-item Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) at the end of 1-month follow-up. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI was estimated for the incidental PSA by using logistic regression analysis. The incidence of PSA was 25.85% at the end of 1-month follow-up, with a significant difference between patients with and without abdominal obesity. Relative fat mass (RFM) and abdominal obesity were significantly associated with an elevated risk of PSA, and the crude ORs were 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01–1.08) and 1.93 (95% CI: 1.11–3.34), respectively. Even after adjustment for obesity-related risk factors and PSA-related clinical measurements, the association remained to be pronounced with abdominal obesity. However, RFM (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.99–1.06, P = 0.053) and abdominal obesity (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 0.80–2.15, P = 0.280) were not significantly associated with an elevated risk of PSD. Abdominal obesity was independently associated with the PSA instead of PSD, which may help predict PSA risk in clinical practice. Further prospective clinical studies with a long follow-up duration are warranted to verify this finding.
Associations between Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Cerebral Amyloid Deposition in Cognitively Impaired Elderly People.

BACKGROUND Neuropsychiatric symptoms, also known as behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), affect the majority of patients with dementia, and result in a greater cognitive and functional impairment. OBJECTIVE To investigate associations between BPSD and amyloid cerebral deposition as measured by 18F-Florbetapir-PET quantitative uptake in elderly subjects with and without cognitive impairment. METHODS Participants with cognitive impairment [mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD)] and healthy controls (HC) from the ADNI cohort (Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative) who underwent an 18F-florbetapir PET scan between May 2010 and March 2014 were included. Clinical assessments included the Clinical Dementia Rating, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Freesurfer software was used to extract PET counts based on T1-based structural ROI (frontal, cingulate, parietal, and temporal). Spearman's partial correlation scores between BPSD severity and regional amyloid uptake were calculated. RESULTS Data for 657 participants [age = 72.6 (7.19); MMSE = 27.4 (2.67)] were analyzed, including 230 HC [age = 73.1 (6.02); MMSE = 29 (1.21)], 308 MCI [age = 71.5 (7.44); MMSE = 28.0 (1.75)], and 119 AD subjects [age = 74.7 (8.05); MMSE = 23.1 (2.08)]. Considering all diagnostic groups together, positive significant correlations were found between anxiety and 18F-florbetapir uptake in the frontal (r = 0.102; p = 0.009), cingulate (r = 0.083; p = 0.034), and global cerebral uptake (r = 0.099; p = 0.011); between irritability and frontal (r = 0.089; p = 0.023), cingulate (r = 0.085; p = 0.030), parietal (r = 0.087; p = 0.025), and global cerebral uptake (r = 0.093; p = 0.017); in the MCI subgroup, between anxiety and frontal (r = 0.126; p = 0.03) and global uptake (r = 0.14; p = 0.013); in the AD subgroup, between irritability and parietal uptake (r = 0.201; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Anxiety and irritability are associated with greater amyloid deposition in the neurodegenerative process leading to AD.
Synthesis of MIL-102, a chromium carboxylate metal-organic framework, with gas sorption analysis.

A new three-dimensional chromium(III) naphthalene tetracarboxylate, CrIII3O(H2O)2F{C10H4(CO2)4}1.5. 6H2O (MIL-102), has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions from an aqueous mixture of Cr(NO3)3.9H2O, naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid, and HF. Its structure, solved ab initio from X-ray powder diffraction data, is built up from the connection of trimers of trivalent chromium octahedra and tetracarboxylate moieties. This creates a three-dimensional structure with an array of small one-dimensional channels filled with free water molecules, which interact through hydrogen bonds with terminal water molecules and oxygen atoms from the carboxylates. Thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray thermodiffractometry indicate that MIL-102 is stable up to approximately 300 degrees C and shows zeolitic behavior. Due to topological frustration effects, MIL-102 remains paramagnetic down to 5 K. Finally, MIL-102 exhibits a hydrogen storage capacity of approximately 1.0 wt % at 77 K when loaded at 3.5 MPa (35 bar). The hydrogen uptake is discussed in relation with the structural characteristics and the molecular simulation results. The adsorption behavior of MIL-102 at 304 K resembles that of small-pore zeolites, such as silicalite. Indeed, the isotherms of CO2, CH4, and N2 show a maximum uptake at 0.5 MPa, with no further significant adsorption up to 3 MPa. Crystal data for MIL-102: hexagonal space group P(-)6 (No. 169), a = 12.632(1) A, c = 9.622(1) A.
Relative importance of diagnostic delays in different head and neck cancers

Objectives: Clinical stage at the time of diagnosis is the most important determinant of prognosis in head and neck cancer. Previously, longer diagnostic delay has been shown to worsen prognosis in cancer of tongue, pharynx and larynx. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative importance of patient and professional diagnostic delays in the prognosis of these head and neck cancers.
Electroconvulsive Therapy Use in Youth in the Province of Quebec.

OBJECTIVES Electroconvulsive therapy's (ECT) safety and tolerability is well-established in the treatment of severe psychiatric disorders in adults, but has been less studied in youth. The aim of the present study was to describe the use of ECT in youth in Quebec City and obtain Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists' (CAP) perceptions in the province of Quebec. METHODS The authors reviewed charts of minors who received ECT treatment in the Quebec City metropolitan area between 1995 and 2014 (part 1). Data was also collected on CAP perceptions and experience of ECT use in youth by means of a survey (part 2). RESULTS Part 1 included four girls and two boys, aged between 15 and 17. The main diagnoses were: mood disorders and schizoaffective disorder. Patients received between four and twelve ECT sessions. Five patients responded to treatment, whereas one did not. Treatment and side effects are presented. For part 2, 53 CAP answered the survey. Forty-eight (91%) thought ECT is a good treatment option after failure of other therapeutic modalities and 12 (23%) had prescribed it. All respondents wished to receive additional training regarding ECT use in youth. CONCLUSION Our results are consistent with the notion that ECT use in youth with a refractory and complex disease is a safe and effective treatment, although rarely used. The majority of psychiatrists treating children and adolescents in Quebec favor ECT when all available therapeutic modalities have failed, but wished they had more training regarding its use.
Cancer cell killing by Celecoxib: Reality or just in vitro precipitation‐related artifact?

Among NSAIDs Celecoxib is one of the most efficient in triggering in vitro cancer cell death, and from this perspective has been subject of numerous studies. However, it is still controversial whether this in vitro‐observed effect can also occur in vivo and contribute to the antitumor action of the drug. Moreover, besides common agreement on the involvement of COX‐independent pathways, the mechanisms underlying Celecoxib toxicity are still unclear. In an attempt to shed light on these mechanisms, I found that cell death only occurs at insoluble concentrations of the drug, and follows irreversible binding and damage of the plasmamembrane by precipitates. This evidence strongly suggests that Celecoxib is devoid of true molecular toxicity. Moreover, since plasma levels reached during therapy are far below the threshold of toxic precipitation, direct cytotoxicity by Celecoxib is unlikely to occur on tumor cells in vivo. Thus the antitumor effect might be only due to COX inhibition, which requires significantly lower levels of the drug. Nonetheless, direct cytotoxicity might not be confined to an in vitro artifact, but contribute to the upper gastrointestinal side effects of Celecoxib. Overall, these findings represent an important basis for further studies on Celecoxib, where true molecular actions of the drug should be discriminated from the precipitate‐dependent ones, and the relationship between in vitro and in vivo effects considered at the light of the precipitate‐dependent model. Moreover, remarkably, this article indicates a model of critical analysis that can be extended to other poorly soluble drugs. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 1434–1444, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Innovation cycles and geographies of innovation: A study of healthcare innovation in Europe

This paper examines place-specific factors affecting geographies of innovation, that is, the transfer of research from the laboratory to bedside in the healthcare sector in four European bioscience regions. These regions are Medical Delta (MD; Leiden, Rotterdam and Delft, Netherlands) Oxford and the Thames Valley (OTV; UK), Biocat (Catalonia, Spain) and Life Science Zurich (LSZ; Switzerland). Evidence is drawn from the European Union-funded Healthcare Technology and Innovation for Economic Success (HealthTIES) project (2010–2013). The analytical framework, the HealthTIES Innovation Cycle, is organised into resources (inputs), innovation system elements and outcomes. The paper shows that each region represents different positions within international value chains of innovation in the healthcare sector. They range from the highly research intensive but with relatively less in the way of commercial exploitation location (OTV) to the less research intensive but with more commercialisation (LSZ).
Impact of Facial Dysfunction on Quality of Life after Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the impact of facial dysfunction on quality of life in patients who underwent surgery for vestibular schwannoma. Other factors with a possible impact on quality of life were also assessed. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 95 patients who underwent removal of a unilateral vestibular schwannoma. The Glasgow Benefit Inventory, an open-ended questionnaire, and a pain scale were sent to each patient. The questions were answered by 70 respondents (74%). After a minimum 1-year follow-up, the overall House-Brackmann postoperative facial function was grade I-II in 61% of patients, grade III-IV in 36%, and grade V-VI in 3%. Results: The open-ended questionnaire showed that 33% of patients stated a complaint related to facial dysfunction; it was the main complaint for 13% of patients. No significant difference was found in terms of Glasgow Benefit Inventory scores between patients with and without facial dysfunction, nor between those with different House-Brackmann grades. The most frequent complaint after surgery was hearing loss (46%). Postoperative pain was significantly associated with a worse postoperative quality of life. Conclusions: An overestimation of the effect of facial paralysis after vestibular schwannoma resection may exist on the surgeon's part. Detailed information about the possibility of hearing loss, vestibular problems, and pain must be given to all patients.
Entrepreneurial Migration in an Integrated World

A growing number of developed countries are offering entrepreneurial visas as a means of attracting entrepreneurial talent and capital. In this paper we use a simple two sector model of international trade with heterogeneous agents and financial frictions to show that entrepreneurial migration can contribute to the international efficiency of production, even when capital also flows internationally through borrowing and lending and foreign direct investment. In our model all cross-border transactions are motivated by cross-country variations in the quality of financial institutions.
Prospective evaluation of internal adenopathy in a cohort of 43 patients with hairy cell leukemia.

PURPOSE To determine the role of computed tomography (CT) in patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL), we report a series of 43 patients prospectively evaluated for internal adenopathy by CT before and after treatment with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA). PATIENTS AND METHODS CT was performed on 43 consecutive patients with HCL before and 3 months after a single cycle of 2-CdA. Twenty-four patients were previously diagnosed and 19 were newly diagnosed. Adenopathy was considered bulky if the greatest dimension of any confluent mass was between 5 and 10 cm and massive if greater than 10 cm. RESULTS Internal adenopathy was present in six of 43 patients (14%). Three of the six patients had massive abdominal adenopathy and one had bulky abdominal adenopathy. All six patients with adenopathy were previously diagnosed, while none of the 19 newly diagnosed patients had internal adenopathy. In those patients previously diagnosed, the six with adenopathy had a median disease duration of 68 months, while the 18 patients without adenopathy had a median disease duration of 24 months (P = .01). Adenopathy was more common in splenectomized patients. In previously diagnosed patients, adenopathy occurred in five of 10 (50%) splenectomized patients and one of 14 (7%) nonsplenectomized patients (P = .05). However, the 10 splenectomized patients had a median disease duration of 56 months, while the 14 nonsplenectomized patients had a median disease duration of 16 months (P = .004). All six patients had significant reduction in adenopathy 3 months after 2-CdA and were without residual HCL in the bone marrow. CONCLUSION Significant internal adenopathy in patients with HCL is more frequent than previously recognized. Adenopathy is rare at diagnosis and appears to be related to disease duration. As patients treated with 2-CdA have long disease-free survival durations, detection of significant adenopathy by CT scan may be important; however, routine CT scans are not recommended at the time of diagnosis.
Nociceptor modulated central sensitization causes mechanical hyperalgesia in acute chemogenic and chronic neuropathic pain.

Brush-evoked pain (mechanical allodynia, dynamic mechanical hyperalgesia) is a hallmark of neuropathic and inflammatory pain states. Here we have examined the neural mechanisms that induce and maintain this component of mechanical hyperalgesia. The principle finding of these experiments is that the severity of brush-evoked pain correlates with the intensity of background pain in patients suffering from chronic painful neuropathies and in normal subjects with acute experimental chemogenic pain. In experiments on nine normal subjects topical application of mustard oil for 5 min evoked strong burning pain and hyperalgesia to light mechanical stimuli. Differential nerve blocks (by compression of the superficial radial nerve) revealed that the brush-evoked pain was transmitted by A beta-fibres, which normally encode non-painful tactile sensations, while the burning pain was signalled by C-fibres. Psychophysical measurements showed that mustard oil treatment resulted in a pronounced sensitization of nociceptors to heat so that subsequent innocuous changes of skin temperature from 35 to 40 degrees C resulted in a proportional increase of burning background pain. Changes in the magnitude of ongoing burning pain were closely correlated (r = 0.81) to the intensity of brush-evoked pain. While conduction block of A-fibres eliminated only touch-evoked pain, blockade of C-fibre excitation instantaneously abolished both ongoing and touch-evoked pain. In nine patients with chronic neuralgia (15 years mean duration) ongoing and brush-evoked pain were examined. In six patients, differential block of A beta-fibres eliminated touch-evoked pain, but ongoing pain persisted when only C-fibres were conducting. Complete relief of both ongoing and stimulus-induced pain was obtained in two patients with intravenous regional guanethedine block and in two other individuals by local anaesthetic blocks of nerves supplying the symptomatic skin, indicating that input from primary afferents was necessary for the maintenance of the pains and that ongoing pain was not self-perpetuated by central mechanisms alone. Quantitative sensory tests revealed heat hyperalgesia in four patients. In those individuals, an increase of skin temperature produced a graded increase of their ongoing pain which was closely correlated (r = 0.94) with the level of brush-evoked pain. In the remaining five patients there was no heat hyperalgesia and consequently no aggravation of pain by increases of skin temperature. Nevertheless when the intensity of the background pain fluctuated spontaneously there were also parallel changes (r = 0.88) of the severity of brush-evoked pain. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Insulin Gene 5′ Flanking Polymorphism: Length of Class 1 Alleles in Number of Repeat Units

The 5′ flanking polymorphism (5′FP) is a minisatellite, variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) locus adjacent to the 5′ end of the insulin gene (INS). Alleles of the 5′FP are highly variable in length but fall into three discrete size classes. The shortest, or class 1, alleles are associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Here we present a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based technique for subtyping 5′FP class 1 alleles by determining their exact lengths in number of repeat units (RUs). The technique resolves small length differences not detectable by Southern blot and produces a frequency distribution of class 1 allele lengths, which serve as subtypes of the crude class 1 category. We have applied the technique to 132 Caucasian families with IDDM offspring and have found that the lengths of 5′FP class 1 alleles form a quasi-continuous distribution with three distinct modes. We also found precise correlation between class 1 allele length and the allele present on the same chromosome at HUMTH01, a second VNTR locus in the INS region. Specifically, each of the four common alleles of HUMTH01 exhibited near-total association with a narrow size range belonging to one of the three components of the class 1 distribution. We discuss these results in relation to the population history of the 5′FP and INS region haplotypes and in relation to IDDM susceptibility in the INS region.
Taste and move: glucose and peptide transporters in the gastrointestinal tract

What is the topic of this review? Nutrient absorption in the gastrointestinal tract requires membrane proteins embedded in the apical membrane of epithelial cells that allow bulk quantities of nutrients, such as monosaccharides and amino acids, to be moved into epithelial cells. Very recently, a new function of the transporters as nutrient sensors mediating peptide hormone release from enteroendocrine cells has been discovered. What advances does it highlight? The review covers recent advances in membrane transporter functions for the absorption and sensing of dietary peptides and sugars and their putative interplay.