Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Short-term variability of photosynthetic parameters and particulate and dissolved primary production in the Alboran Sea (SW Mediterranean)

The short-term variability of photosynthesis-irradiance (P-E) relationships and integrated primary production at 3 stations (Stns A, B, C in a coastal-offshore gradient) located across the Western Alboran Sea Gyre (SW Mediterranean) were investigated during a High Frequency Flux Experiment (1 to 16 May 1998). Photosynthetic production of total, particulate and dissolved organic carbon (TOC, POC and DOC respectively) was considered separatedly in 34 experiments. Photosynthetic parameters were calculated for TOC and POC data. For POC measurements, maximum photosynthetic rate (P B m POC ) and the initial slope of the P-E curve (a) varied between 0.59 and 6.25 mg C (mg chl a) -1 h -1 and 0.0023 and 0.0182 mg C (mg chl a) -1 h -1 (μmol photons m -2 s -1 ) -1 , respectively, and were significantly correlated, showing a similar decrease with depth. No photoinhibition was detected at any depth and the light saturation parameter (E k ) was on average 251 μmol photons m -2 s -1 , suggesting that phytoplankton assemblages were acclimated to high irradiance levels in the whole area. Percent extracellular release (PER) obtained for each experimental irradiance (PER E = DOC/ [POC+DOC]) showed an inverse relationship with irradiance when data from all the P-E experiments were pooled. A light-saturated chl a-normalized DOC production rate (P B m DOC ) was calculated as P B m TOC - P B m POC and PER m values calculated as P B m DOC/PBm TOC tended to increase with depth. Integrated particulate and total primary production varied considerably (23- and 35-fold, respectively), but tended to decrease along a coastal-offshore gradient. During the cruise, a subsurface phytoplankton bloom was advected into Stn A, increasing primary production rates up to 1 g C m -2 d -1 . Average particulate primary production was 632 mg C m -2 d -1 at Stn A, 388 mg C m -2 d -1 at Stn B and 330 mg C m -2 d -1 at Stn C, with dissolved primary production ranging from 4 to 44 % of total values. Integrated primary production was significantly correlated with surface chl a but not with integrated chl a. This finding has implications for the estimation of regional primary production based on remote sensing of near-surface pigments. Altogether, the results confirmed that the high hydrodynamism of the Alboran Sea was associated with marked biological variability and episodic high primary production events.
Acquisition of Malicious Code Using Active Learning

The recent growth in network usage has motivated the creation of new malicious code for various purposes, including economic and other malicious purposes. Currently, dozens of new malicious codes are created every day, and this number is expected to increase in coming years. Today’s signature-based anti-viruses and heuristic-based methods are accurate, but cannot detect new malicious code. Recently, classification algorithms were used successfully for the detection of malicious code. We present a complete methodology for the detection of unknown malicious code, inspired by text categorization concepts. However, this approach can be exploited further to achieve a more accurate and efficient acquisition method of unknown malicious files. We use an Active-Learning framework that enables the selection of the unknown files for fast acquisition. We performed an extensive evaluation of a test collection consisting of more than 30,000 files. We present a rigorous evaluation setup, consisting of reallife scenarios, in which the malicious file content is expected to be low, at about 10% of the files in the stream. We define specific evaluation measures based on the known precision and recall measures, which show the accuracy of the acquisition process and the improvement in the classifier resulting from the efficient acquisition process.
A plasma flow vortex in the magnetotail and its related ionospheric signatures

We presented a large-scale plasma flow vortex event that occurred on 1 March 2009 observed by Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Sub- storms (THEMIS) satellites. During the interval, THEMIS satellites were located in the premidnight region between 11 and 16RE downtail. Dawnward-earthward plasma flows were seen initially in the magnetotail, followed by duskward- tailward flows. This suggests that a clockwise plasma flow vortex (seen from above the equatorial plane) was observed on the dawn side of the plasma sheet. Furthermore, high energy (>1 keV) electrons were observed. Auroral images at 427.8 nm and THEMIS white light all-sky imager (ASI) at Fort Smith showed a discrete auroral patch formed at the poleward of the auroral oval, it then intensified. It extended eastward and equatorward first and followed by westward motion to form the clockwise auroral vortex. The auroral fea- ture corresponded to the ionospheric signatures of the plasma flow vortex in the magnetotail when the Alfv ´ en transit time between the magnetotail and the ionosphere was taken into account. We suggest that the large-scale clockwise plasma flow vortex in association with the high energy ( >1 keV) electrons on the dawn side of the plasma sheet generated a downward field-aligned current (FAC) that caused the re- lated ionospheric signatures. The plasma flow vortex had rotational flow speeds of up to 300 km s 1 . The current den- sity associated with the plasma flow vortex was estimated at 2.0 µA m 2 , mapped to the ionosphere.
Non-Performing Loans and Universal Bank’s Profitability

ABSTRACT The maintenance of asset quality, efficiency and profitability is a vital requirement for the survival and development of Universal Banks. Loans constitute the main asset class from which banks generate their major portion of income and also signify the greatest risk to banks. Recently, the default rate of loan in the country has been on the increase and perturbing to all. Due to the detrimental effect that Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) have on a bank’s revenue and the economic welfare of a country, the study sort to determine the impact of NPLs on Universal Banks profitability based on a quarterly data from 2000 to 2014. The study employed the ARDL bounds test of co-integration as an estimation technique to show the evidence of long run relationship among the variables. The study found that NPLs had a significant negative impact on Universal Banks profitability in both the short run and long run The study recommends that Universal Banks should revise their lending policy depending on the situation and economic condition of the country as well as minimising their periodic loans targets by not engaging in risky loaning practices.
On the Metacognitive dimension of suspended syntactic constructions. A descriptive study on aphasic Spanish speakers

espanolEn este trabajo se presenta una caracterizacion funcional de las construcciones sintacticas suspendidas tomando en consideracion conversaciones de hablantes de espanol con afasia. Las construcciones sintacticas suspendidas pueden ser inicialmente concebidas como un deficit en el procesamiento linguistico de las personas con afasia. Sin embargo, un examen de datos conversacionales muestra que una explicacion comprehensiva de la suspension sintactica requiere de una re-evaluacion de este fenomeno en el contexto de los procesos metacognitivos asociados a la conducta verbal. Se proponen y comentan cinco tipos generales de procedimientos y contextos para las construcciones sintacticas suspendidas. Estos cinco tipos de situacion implican diferencialmente procesos metacognitivos como la anticipacion y prevencion de errores previsibles, el control intersemiotico de la produccion de lenguaje y la comunicacion mediante el uso de gestos, aspectos motivacionales e intencionales asociados con el uso del lenguaje, las tareas colaborativas en la produccion linguistica y la teoria de la mente. EnglishBy taking into consideration conversational outputs from aphasic Spanish speakers, a functional characterisation of suspended syntactic constructions will be provided here. Suspensions of syntactic constructions may be initially thought of as attributed to a language processing deficit in people with aphasia, which is, in fact, only partly the case. An examination of conversational data demonstrates, however, that a comprehensive explanation of syntactic suspensions requires a re-assessment of this phenomenon in the realm of meta-cognitive processes associated with language behaviour. Five general types of procedures and contexts for suspended syntactic constructions will be proposed and discussed in this paper. They differentially involve a series of metacognitive processes such as monitoring for anticipation and prevention of foreseeable mistakes, intersemiotic control of language production and communication by the use of gesturing, motivational and intentional aspects associated with language use, collaborative tasks in language production and theory of mind phenomena
Treatment of odontoid fractures: A clinical challenge and reality

Of all the injuries to the spine, the cervical spine injuries have been the most feared because of its potential to lead to deleterious complications. It has been noted that there is a correlation between the level of spinal injury and morbidity / mortality. The higher the level of cervical injury, the higher will be the morbidity / mortality. Injuries of the craniocervical junction are the deadliest. It has been observed practically that approximately 10% of patients who present in an unconscious state to the emergency department following a motor vehicle accident have a pathology in the cervical spine. Motor vehicle accidents and falls are seen to be responsible for C2 fractures . Clinically, the manifestations may range from asymptomatic to frank paralysis. Among adults, odontoid fractures have been accounted for 9% to 15% of cervical spine fractures . These fractures are usually a result of low energy impacts like falls in elderly people or of high energy impacts like motor vehicle accidents in the young and middle aged people [3, 4, . Odontoid fractures are the most common cervical spine fractures among the elderly aged between 70 80 years . The male to female distribution is equal for both populations. This article describes in brief the most common types of C2 fractures and its present treatment, the advancements to me made in the treatment of odontoid fractures and the challenges a surgeon faces in the day to day clinical practise in treating different types of odontoid fractures.
A model of persistent analyst biases to improve the earnings consensus forecast

This paper explores to what extent the assumption, that analysts have a bias that is persistent over time, can be employed to improve the consensus forecast. We estimate the analyst’s individual biases and establish that our model yields on average a mean forecast error that is 40 % smaller than the consensus forecast and a root mean-squared error that is 2 %below the consensus forecast. The reductions in mean-squared error range from an out-performance of 29 % to an under-performance of 2 % in our sample period spanning fiscal years 1993 to 2008. Regressions of earnings per share on the two earnings forecasts show that our model forecast helps improve on the consensus forecast. We also analyze the eect of earnings surprises on abnormal returns and find that our model captures the information content of analysts’ forecasts better than the consensus forecast. In particular, depending on whether we estimate within the sample or out-ofsample, the earnings response coecient
Simulation of Genetic Systems by Automatic Digital Computers VI. Epistasis

Simulation, by Monte Carlo methods, of the effect on the genotype of seleotion against phenotypic extremes has shown that selection will lead to fixation of a simple additive genetic system at an extremely slow rate in all but very small populations. In oomplex epistatio systems, such selection operates to modify the relation of the genotype to the phenotype. The relationship beoomes an S·shaped function. The efficienoy of seleotion is independent of population size. The deviation from initial gene frequencies due to selection is far less per unit decrease of phenotypio variability in the epistatic than in the additive lines.
Effects of exogenous enzymes on nutrients digestibility and growth performance in sheep and goats

Six crossbred sheep (32.00Â±0.603 kg BW) and 6 Baladi goats (18.00Â±0.703 kg BW) were used in 2A—2 factorial design to evaluate the effect of exogenous enzymes of ZADO Â® ( i.e., ENZ) and on digestibility and growth performance. Animals were fed on wheat straw ad libitum and restricted amount of commercial concentrate with (+ENZ) or without (-ENZ) 10 g/animal/day of ZADO to cover 120% of their maintenance requirements. Nutrients digestibilities were increased (P
THE UNDERWATER NOISE PREDICTION FROM MARINE PROPELLERS: AN ESSENTIALLY NONLINEAR PROBLEM

This paper aims to numerically demonstrate that the underwater noise generated by a marine propeller is an essentially nonlinear problem and that, unlike the analogous aeronautical configurations, the nonlinear flow noise sources play a dominant role independently of the low rotational speed of the blade. To this aim the prediction of the thickness noise component only (in air) is carried out on two typical blade models corresponding to a helicopter rotor and a marine propeller, in order to assess how the main structural and geometrical differences between these two bodies (the aspect ratio, the twist and thickness distribution along span) can affect the resulting noise in the far field.
MEASURING THE PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN INDONESIA: AN APPLICATION OF MASLAHAH-EFFICIENCY QUADRANT (MEQ)

Despite of market condition under perfect or unperfect competition, Islamic banking has to reach their level of efficiency in order to succeed and make a profit; those who do not will fail and be forced to exit the market. However apart of having a sound performance, Islamic banking also has to comply with the sharia principles. This paper aims to have efficiency and maslahah measurement in one assessment framework that is maslahah-efficiency quadrant (MEQ). The study from 2011-2014 revealed that Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) and Sharia Panin Bank are excellent since both are within the first quadrant. Whereas Bank Sharia Mandiri (BSM), Sharia Maybank, and Sharia Bukopin Bank are considered good at the second quadrant; Bank Rakyak Indonesia Sharia (BRI) and BCA Sharia are fair at the third; and Bank Mega Sharia, Victoria Sharia, Bank Negara Indonesia Sharia (BNI), and Bank Jabar Banten Sharia (BJB) are poor at the fourth sequentially. It is urge for Islamic bank that are in low level of MSI to have a critical policy to keep in line with the five factor of maqashid sharia apart of having efficiency in order to reach maslahah.
Some New South Wales coastal plant distributions: a comparison of herbarium records with transect survey data

Heyligers, P.C. (CSIRO Wildlife and Ecology, P.O. Box 84, Lyneham ACT 2602) 1998. Some New South Wales coastal plant distributions: a comparison of herbarium records with transect survey data. Cunninghamia 5(3): 645–664. Some unexpectedly large gaps in the distribution data for herbarium specimens of several coastal dune species were investigated. Whether these gaps were due to ‘undercollecting’ or whether they reflected a true absence in the intervening areas was questioned. A floristic survey of NSW coastal dunes carried out by Clarke (1989a, b) made it possible to check relevant herbarium records against a set of systematically collected field data. Those for the following species held at Australian herbaria (BRI, CANB, GAUBA, MEL, NE, NSW, SYD and UNSW) were compared with the distributions as recorded by Clarke: Spinifex sericeus, Calystegia soldanella, Stackhousia spathulata, Chamaesyce psammogeton, Canavalia rosea, Ipomoea pes-caprae, *Cakile edentula, *Cakile maritima, *Hydrocotyle bonariensis, *Arctotheca populifolia, *Gladiolus gueinzii and *Oenothera drummondii (* indicates introduced species). It was found that, by and large, the herbarium records were representative of the overall distribution patterns as established by the survey, but that less intensive collecting along the northern half of the coast had left gaps in the herbarium records which, more often than not, were not reflecting the true situation in the field.
Comparative Study on the Main Chemical Composition of Button Mushroom ' s ( Agaricus bisporus ) Cap and

Using agricultural waste is one of the best ways to reduce the costs and the environmental pollution. Button mushroom ́s stipe is a cheap by-product that is rich in nutrients for human nutrition. The purpose of this study is to compare the nutritional value of cap and stipe of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus). The caps were separated from the stipes after harvesting and parameters such as moisture, protein, carbohydrates, fat, fiber, ash, minerals (potassium phosphorus, calcium, iron and selenium) and the fatty acid compositions were determined. Atomic absorption was employed to determine Iron, potassium and calcium and hydride generation atomic absorption spectrophotometry and gas chromatography were used to determine selenium and fatty acid composition of the product respectively. The result indicated that the caps on average contained 90.76% moisture and total solid content consisted of 33.65% protein, 20.59% carbohydrate, 2.48% fat, 33.11% fiber and 10.17% ash while the stipes contained 90.01% moisture where the solid content consisted of 19.01% protein, 31.41% carbohydrate, 2.00% fat, 38.08% fiber and 9.5% ash. The analysis of the extracted lipid revealed that the major unsaturated fatty acid was linoleic acid, while the predominant saturated fatty acid was Palmitic acid in both cap and stipe. According to statistical analysis, significant differences (p<0.05) were obtained between the chemical composition of caps and stipes. The results also indicated that the amount of calcium content in the stipe is twice higher than cap (2.08 g/kg) and the amount of iron and linoleic acid in the stipe is significantly higher than cap (p<0.05). The cap of the mushroom has significantly higher concentration of protein (p<0.05) than the stipes. From statistical point of view, button mushrooms stipe, contains higher quantities of fiber and carbohydrate in comparison with cap (p<0.05), that could have useful health promotion effects. Therefore, this valuable product that is often considered as an agricultural waste might be employed as a rich source of nutrients in food industries.
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND SOME YIELD COMPONENTS IN SUNFLOWER

This study was conducted using eight diverse genotypes of sunflower at the Research farm of Agricultur al Research Station Baffa, Mansehra during Rabi 2004-05. The genetic variances, genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of v ariability, heritability and correlations for different traits were studied. Differences among the average values for days to maturity, plant height, head diameter, seeds head -1 , 1000-seed weight, oil content, seed and oil yield were found statistically significant. Sunflower genotype PARSUN-1 took minimum days to flowering and maturity. Tallest plants w ere produced by 65A-24 while the shortest plants were produced by g enotype Tarnab-1. Sunflower genotype SMH-9706 exhibited maximum head diameter while genotype SF-187 revealed minimum head diameter. Maximum seeds head -1 were observed for 65A-24 while Tarnab-1 expressed highest 1000-seed weight. Seed oil content was found maximum for SMH-9705. Highest seed yield was obtained from the plots of variety PARSUN-1 followed by SMH-9704. These genotypes also gave significantly higher oil yield ha -1 . The phenotypic coefficient of variation was found higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits. High heritability estimates were ob served for oil content, seed weight, days to maturi ty and plant height while seed yield seeds head -1 and days to flowering depicted low heritability es timates. High genetic advance in % of mean was demonstrated by plant height, seeds head -1 , seed yield and oil yield ha -1 making these characters valuable to breeders. Seed yield showed highly significant and positive correl ation with plant height, seeds head -1 , oil content, seed weight, and oil yield.
Contributions to Distribution, Reproduction Biology and Ecology of Vormela peregusna (Güldenstadt, 1770) (Mammalia: Carnivora) in Turkey

In this study, both captured and uncaptured Vormela peregusna were investigated for their distribution, reproduction biology, some ecological observations and morphological characteristics in our laboratory and campus area at Erciyes University in Kayseri, Turkey. It was observed that there is a cannibalism within population in Vormela peregusna. The morphological evaluations indicated that Turkish V. peregusna is the same to V. peregusna from Israel.
A rare solitary pulmonary nodule: clear cell carcinoma

Clear cell tumor of the lung is a rare benign tumor. The current study presents the case of a 60-yearold man who had an abnormal pulmonary nodule at chest x-ray. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the patient’s lung showed a 2x2x1.5 cm solitary nodule in the anterior segment of the left upper lobe. The patient underwent a lobectomy for the tumor. The pathologic examination revealed sheets of large round or polygonal cells with clear cytoplasm and immunoreactive positivity for HMB-45 and NSE. Investigation with PET/CT scan showed no evidence of renal disease. This case provides a very rare example of a solitary pulmonary nodule as clear cell carcinoma. The patient showed no evidence of recurrence or metastasis after three years postoperatively.
Scales of Seafloor Sediment Resuspension in the Northern Gulf of Mexico

Seafloor sediment resuspension events of different scales and magnitudes and the resulting deep (>1,000 m) benthic nepheloid layers were investigated in the northern Gulf of Mexico during Fall 2012 to Summer 2013. Time-series data of size-specific in-situ settling speeds of marine snow in the benthic nepheloid layer (moored flux cameras), particle size distributions (profiling camera), currents (various current meters) and stacked time-series flux data (sediment traps) were combined to recognize resuspension events ranging from small-scale local, to small-scale far-field to hurricane-scale. One small-scale local resuspension event caused by inertial currents was identified based on local high current speeds (>10 cm s–1) and trap data. Low POC content combined with high lithogenic silica flux at 30 m above bottom (mab) compared to the flux at 120 mab, suggested local resuspension reaching 30 mab, but not 120 mab. Another similar event was detected by the changes in particle size distribution and settling speeds of particles in the benthic nepheloid layer. Flux data indicated two other small-scale events, which occurred at some distance, rather than locally. Inertia-driven resuspension of material in shallower areas surrounding the traps presumably transported this material downslope leaving a resuspension signal at 120 mab, but not at 30 mab. The passage of hurricane Isaac left a larger scale resuspension event that lasted a few days and was recorded in both traps. Although hurricanes cause large-scale events readily observable in sediment trap samples, resuspension events small in temporal and spatial scale are not easily recognizable in trapped material as they tend to provide less material and become part of the background signal in the long-term averaged trap samples. We suggest that these small-scale resuspension events, mostly unnoticed in conventional time-series sampling, play an important role in the redistribution and ultimate fate of sediment distribution on the seafloor.