Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Multivariate Default Model with Spread and Event Risk

Abstract We present a new portfolio default model based on a conditionally independent and identically distributed (CIID) structure of the default times. It combines an intensity-based ansatz in the spirit of Duffie and Gârleanu (2001). Risk and valuation of collateralized debt obligations. Financial Analysts Journal, 57(1), 41–59. with the Lévy subordinator concept introduced in Mai and Scherer (2009). A tractable multivariate default model based on a stochastic time-change. International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance, 12(2), 227–249. We aim at exploiting the computational advantages of the CIID framework for evaluating multiname credit derivatives, while incorporating two central drivers for credit products. More precisely, we allow for both a dynamic evolution of the portfolio credit default swap (CDS) spread (unlike static copula models) and cataclysmic events allowing for simultaneous defaults (unlike intensity-based portfolio loss processes). While the former feature is considered to be crucial for consistently hedging credit products, the second property is supposed to take into account default clusters and the market’s fear of extreme events. For applications, the model is approximated by a related top-down representation of the portfolio loss process. It is shown how to coherently calculate hedging deltas for collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) w.r. t. portfolio CDS and how to consistently calibrate the model to the two products. Both tasks solely require the computation of one-dimensional (Laplace inversion) integrals and can be carried out within fractions of a second. Illustrating the stability and functionality of the pricing approach, the new model and the models it is related to are calibrated to a daily time-series of iTraxx Europe index CDS and CDOs. We find the fitting results of the presented model to be very promising and conclude that it may be used for the dynamic pricing and hedging of credit derivatives.
Partnership Working and the Cultivated Activist

Critics and advocates of union-management partnership agreements offer competing assessments of the potential outcomes for workplace union representation. These include the attenuation of the role of lay activists and intra-union conflict. In this case study of Amicus-MSF at Legal & General partnership involved centralised decision making, membership loss and activist-leadership tensions, but these were temporary. With employer support the local union leadership 'cultivated' a cadre of pro-partnership activists with extended reach into management decision making, increasing membership and strengthening workplace organisation.
Taste–nutrient relationships in commonly consumed foods

Taste is expected to represent a food's nutrient content. The objective was to investigate whether taste acts as nutrient-sensor, within the context of the current diet, which is high in processed foods. Intensities of the five basic tastes of fifty commonly consumed foods were rated by nineteen subjects (aged 21·0 (sd 1·7) years, BMI 21·5 (sd 2·0) kg/m2). Linear regression was used to test associations between taste and nutrient contents. Food groups based on taste were identified using cluster analysis; nutrient content was compared between food groups, using ANOVA. Sweetness was associated with mono- and disaccharides (R2 0·45, P < 0·01). Saltiness and savouriness were correlated, with r 0·92 (P < 0·01) and both were associated with Na (both: R2 0·33, P < 0·01) and protein (R2 0·27, P < 0·01 and R2 0·33, P < 0·01, respectively). Cluster analysis indicated four food groups: neutral, salty and savoury, sweet–sour and sweet foods. Mono- and disaccharide content was highest in sweet foods (P < 0·01). In salty and savoury foods, protein content (P = 0·01 with sweet–sour foods, not significant with neutral or sweet foods) and Na content (P < 0·05) were the highest. Associations were more pronounced in raw and moderately processed foods, than in highly processed foods. The findings suggest that sweetness, saltiness and savouriness signal nutrient content, particularly for simple sugars, protein and Na. In highly processed foods, however, the ability to sense nutrient content based on taste seems limited.
Applying Robust Optimization to Capacity Expansion of One Location in Telecommunications with Demand Uncertainty

The problem of expanding the capacity of a single facility in telecommunications network planning is addressed. This problem can be formulated as a time-dependent knapsack, when relevant information is assumed to be known. We introduce the use of scenarios to model uncertainty in key data. The problem is formulated within the robust optimization framework andsolved exactly in two phases. The first phase consists of a dynamic programming recursion and the second one of a shortest path procedure. Experiments show that a large number of scenarios can be handled with this technique, because computational times are more sensitive to the maximum demand across all scenarios than to the number of scenarios considered. A user-interface based on Microsoft Excel is developed as a decision support system for network planners.
Social fragmentation and economic growth: evidence from developing countries

Abstract: This paper proposes a composite measure of ethnic fragmentation, the Social Diversity Index (SDI) to capture inherent multidimensionality not captured in the prevalent Ethno-Linguistic Fractionalization Index (ELF). The SDI more accurately demonstrates the direct effects of hidden diversity values and the extent and corresponding costs of ethnic diversity on economic growth. A comparative empirical analysis of the results from 132 countries employing the SDI and the ELF Index, suggests that the SDI is more robustly correlated with growth, and does a moderately better job of explaining the effect of exogenous static ethnic diversity. However, the empirical effects of ethnic diversity on growth tend to diminish with the inclusion of additional macroeconomic variables.
Lower prevalence of reported asthma in adolescents with symptoms of rhinitis that received neonatal BCG

Background: BCG is a vaccine used against tuberculosis and leprosy and is an immunostimulant that primes TH1 lymphocytes to produce cytokines that antagonize atopy both in animal models and in man. Considering that atopy is the main risk factor for asthma, one can hypothesize that vaccination inducing TH1 responses, such as BCG, can be protective against asthma.
Game form misconceptions are not necessary for a willingness-to-pay vs. willingness-to-accept gap

AbstractCason and Plott (J Polit Econ, 122(6):1235–1270, 2014) show that subjects’ misconception about the incentive properties of the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak (BDM) value elicitation procedure can generate data patterns that look like—and might thus be misinterpreted as evidence for—preferences constructed from endowments or reference points. We test whether game form misconceptions are necessary to produce willingness-to-pay (WTP) vs. willingness-to-accept (WTA) gaps in a valuation experiment in which subjects are randomly assigned to the role of either buyer or seller. We employ a design that allows us to identify whether a subject understood the incentive properties of a price-list version of the BDM mechanism. We find a robust WTP-WTA gap, even among subjects whose elicited valuations for a good of induced and known monetary value and whose ability to identify the payoffs resulting from their choices indicate an understanding of the incentive properties of the BDM mechanism. We conclude that game form misconceptions are not a necessary condition for the emergence of WTP-WTA gaps.
Rethinking Asian cities and urbanization: four transformations in four decades

Asian cities and the processes that have driven their rapid changes are examined under four heads in this paper. Rapid economic transformation has provided the basis on which Asian cities have witnessed breathtaking physical change and fundamental social reorientation in the midst of an information age. Reflections on the role of Asian cities and urbanization are provided in the post-crisis global financial and political realignments.1
Investor Psychological and Behavioral Bias: Do High Sentiment and Momentum Exist in the China Stock Market?

By using the relationship between high sentiment and momentum, the main purpose of this paper is to investigate if psychological biases of investors have an influence on behavioral biases. We find that in the China stock market, high sentiment of loser groups is correlated with contributors of momentum profits, while high sentiment of winner groups is correlated with contributors of contrarian returns. Further analysis indicates that, the higher the investor psychological bias is, the greater the momentum return will become. Winners/losers that are most sensitive to sentiment and having the longest duration of being kept under the situation will result in higher returns.
A STRUCTURAL DECOMPOSITION APPROACH TO COMPARING MRIO DATABASES

The construction of multi-regional input–output tables is complex, and databases produced using different approaches lead to different analytical outcomes. We outline a decomposition methodology for investigating the variations that exist when using different multiregional input–output (MRIO) systems to calculate a region's consumption-based account. Structural decomposition analysis attributes the change in emissions to a set of dependent determinants, such as technical coefficients, the Leontief inverse and final demands. We apply our methodology to three MRIO databases – Eora, GTAP and WIOD. Findings reveal that the variation between Eora and GTAP can be attributed to differences in the Leontief inverse and emissions’ data, whereas the variation between Eora and WIOD is due to differences in final demand and the Leontief inverse. For the majority of regions, GTAP and WIOD produce similar results. The approach in this study could help move MRIO databases from the academic arena to a useful policy instrument.
Evidence that Prices Do Not Fully Reflect the Implications of Current Earnings for Future Earnings: An Experimental Markets Approach*

Analysts have been found to underweight the innovation in most recent quarter earnings when forecasting next quarter earnings, and these expectations have been posited as an explanation for post-earnings announcement drift. This study uses an experimental asset market to examine whether similar errors are made by student subjects in forecasting quarterly earnings. We examine two aspects of behavior: (1) Do subjects underestimate the autocorrelation in quarterly earnings when forming earnings expectations? and (2) Are asset prices consistent with subjects underestimating the autocorrelation in quarterly earnings? We observe errors in forecasts by subjects which underweight extreme innovations in the most recent quarter earnings by approximately forty percent. The prices in the experimental markets also fail to reflect fully the most recent innovation in quarterly earnings. We are able to predict the sign of the mispricing in 74 percent of the 135 markets from the mean initial earnings predictions of the subjects. These forecast errors observed in this study are consistent with forecast errors observed for analysts, and this consistency suggests that errors in analysts' forecasts may be at least partially attributable to the use of judgmental heuristics.
Issues in implementation of fixed time fixed price software projects: an Indian case

Fixed Time Fixed Price (FTFP) is a software project engagement model wherein the scope of the software deliverables, budget, and schedule, are decided upfront before the commencement of the project. The work reported in the paper probes into the factors perceived to be influencing the effectiveness of such project engagements in Indian information technology companies. The respondents comprise the developers and the quality assurance teams belonging to both junior and senior levels. Results indicate that client acceptance, perceived benefits to the project organisation, and delegation of authority, and, to some extent, project goals and top management support, are significant factors for project implementation success. Development and quality assurance teams perceive issues such as project goals and benefits to the project organisations similarly though differing significantly regarding the issue of client acceptance. Junior and senior team members exhibit perception differences only on the issue of top management support in crisis.
A Mobile Application for Monitoring and Management of Depressed Mood in a Vulnerable Pregnant Population.

OBJECTIVE This study tested whether a mood tracking and alert (MTA) mobile application (app) improved mental health care delivery in a high-risk obstetric population. METHODS Pregnant women with depressive symptomatology at <32 weeks gestation were followed for eight weeks after randomization to a control patient portal (PP) app alone or with the MTA app. The MTA app monitored activity, assessed mood, and alerted obstetric providers of signs of worsening mood. RESULTS Seventy-two women enrolled (PP, N=24; MTA, N=48). MTA users had significantly more contacts addressing mental health, and as gestational age increased, they rated ability to manage their own health significantly better than women in the control group. Women who received telephone contact from a provider triggered by an MTA app alert were significantly more likely to receive a mental health specialist referral. CONCLUSIONS A mobile MTA app improved service delivery and patient engagement among patients with perinatal depression symptoms.
High‐throughput proteomic characterization of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF–Endoret)‐derived fibrin clot interactome

Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF®‐Endoret®) is an autologous technology that contains a set of proteins specifically addressed to wound healing and tissue regeneration. The scaffold formed by using this technology is a clot mainly composed of fibrin protein, forming a three‐dimensional (3D) macroscopic network. This biomaterial is easily obtained by biotechnological means from blood and can be used in a range of situations to help wound healing and tissue regeneration. Although the main constituent of this clot is the fibrin scaffold, little is known about other proteins interacting in this clot that may act as adjuvants in the healing process. The aim of this study was to characterize the proteins enclosed by PRGF–Endoret scaffold, using a double‐proteomic approach that combines 1D‐SDS–PAGE approach followed by LC–MS/MS, and 2‐DE followed by MALDI–TOF/TOF. The results presented here provide a description of the catalogue of key proteins in close contact with the fibrin scaffold. The obtained lists of proteins were grouped into families and networks according to gene ontology. Taken together, an enrichment of both proteins and protein families specifically involved in tissue regeneration and wound healing has been found. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Model of Shopping Centers

In this paper, we propose a model of developers' strategies for tenant mixes and the locations of shopping centers (SCs). Consumers have preferences for product variety, and tenants in the SCs sell differentiated goods. The consumers can choose two shopping behaviors: patronizing one or both of the two SCs. We show that if the consumers have strong preferences for product variety, the SCs agglomerate to free-ride on the rivals' product varieties, and the consumers patronize both SCs. On the other hand, if consumer preferences are weak, the SCs locate at different locations, and the consumers patronize one of the two SCs.
Influence of farm size on the prevalence of oesophagogastric lesions in pigs at slaughter in south-east Spain

tant dhigotstudisid(ItthIe pieNs,atlefctillc aeioalos (it te CoS, spciioi i c I the flii saiiLs ptdisod. 1heaeio999', oftile 2()()(isIost ote th siolls i losahp ocdutcd in t sid 1o-ranne ofLILI1a (,. Stil-IC 111t1. -C.Sa; L1CI-MlliOI1 of tIlC (,II 1,1dU1.ar mucltosal Iiiis lbeci genetli olytriilal1tpat lolt gical-nd0 tlC i0tllC(ltletitl-, fa 1c1t'rs. file1.1s (ifStiitaiclas hcell (lcst ied as tiotaclt(t sf tilc aol-
The Impact of Non-Serial Publications on Research in Accounting and Finance

This study examines the role of books and official Publications in accounting and finance research. From an analysis of thirteen leading journals for the year 1987–8 we report on the characteristics of such non-serial materials used by authors to support their research. We find that the accounting discipline in particular has become more open to influence from other disciplines. The individual perspectives of these thirteen journals can be partially revealed by their use of non-serial materials. Using cluster analysis we examine inter-journal variations in the disciplinary pattern of book citations and the distribution of citations to official bodies. Several relatively homogeneous groupings are identified.
The determinants of inward investment: a Welsh analysis

Inward foreign direct investment is becoming increasingly important to the UK economy and the regions. This paper examines the motivation behind inward investment into the UK generally, before considering the success of Wales in attracting relatively high levels of new inward investment during the eighties. The paper then examines key factors which influence foreign direct investment into Wales, and the associated policy implications.
Validation of immunolocalization of the urokinase receptor expression in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: comparison with detection by non‐isotopic in‐situ hybridization

Aims: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a pre‐invasive form of mammary carcinoma with no microscopic evidence of cancer cell invasion through the basement membrane. However, for initiation of invasion, tumour cells have to acquire and focus proteolytic activity on to the cell surface in order to infiltrate the surrounding extracellular matrix. The receptor (uPA‐R or CD87) for the serine protease urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA) plays a central role in invasion and metastasis. This study was performed to determine and localize m‐RNA and protein of uPA‐R in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.
Metal ion release from titanium‐based prosthetic segmental replacements of long bones in baboons: A long‐term study

Forty‐five baboons that had received titanium‐based fiber metal composite segmental bone replacements were studied along with 13 controls without implants. Thirty‐eight baboons with implants were sacrificed, and titanium, aluminum, and vanadium levels were assayed in homogenized lung, kidney, spleen, liver, adjacent muscle, and regional lymph nodes. In seven living baboons with implants, blood and urine samples were obtained for trace metal analysis as well as for biochemical and hematological profiles. In the 38 sacrificed baboons with implants, increased titanium levels were noted in the lungs, spleen, adjacent muscle (quadriceps, soleus, and triceps), and regional lymph nodes (inguinal, axillary, and popliteal) in comparison to those of six sacrificed controls without implants. In addition, vanadium was significantly elevated in the lungs of some animals, while aluminum increases were noted in adjacent muscle (quadriceps, soleus, and triceps), lung, and regional lymph nodes (inguinal, axillary, and popliteal). In the seven living baboons with implants, a sixfold increase (p < 0.0005) in the urine titanium level was noted in comparison to that of seven living controls without implants. Additionally, elevated aluminum levels were found in the serum (p < 0.0005) of the group with implants. Biochemical and hematological studies did not indicate statistically significant differences in serum electrolytes, in liver and renal function tests, or in complete blood counts between the seven living baboons with implants and their controls.
The relative discomfort of noise and vibration: effects of stimulus duration

How noise discomfort and vibration discomfort depend on duration has not previously been compared. For five durations (2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 s), the subjective equivalence of noise and vibration was investigated with all 49 combinations of 7 levels of noise and 7 magnitudes of whole-body vertical vibration. The rates of increase in discomfort with increasing duration were similar for noise and vibration, whereas they are currently assumed to be 3 dB per doubling of noise duration and 1.5 dB per doubling of vibration duration. The discomfort caused by low levels of noise was masked by high magnitudes of vibration, and the discomfort caused by low magnitudes of vibration was masked by high levels of noise. As stimuli durations increased from 2 to 32 s, the influence of vibration on the judgement of noise discomfort decreased, whereas the influence of noise on the judgement of vibration discomfort was unchanged. Practitioner Summary: For predicting the relative discomfort caused by steady-state noise and steady-state vibration over durations from 2 to 32 s, the combination of average measures of sound and vibration (e.g. sound pressure level and root-mean-square acceleration) provide more accurate estimates than the combination of the principal standardised ‘dose’ measures (e.g. sound exposure level and vibration dose value).
Cardiovascular effects of buprenorphine in anesthetized dogs.

OBJECTIVE To determine the cardiovascular effects of buprenorphine in isoflurane- and halothane-anesthetized dogs. ANIMALS 6 healthy adult hound-type dogs given buprenorphine (16 micrograms/kg of body weight, i.v.) or isovolumetric 5% dextrose solution during anesthesia with isoflurane or halothane. PROCEDURE Each dog was anesthetized 4 times, with a minimum of 10 days between episodes. Anesthesia was induced with isoflurane or halothane in O2 by mask, and was maintained with 1.9% isoflurane or 1.3% halothane (end-tidal concentration). The PaCO2 was maintained between 35 and 45 mm of Hg by use of mechanical ventilation, and the following variables were determined: systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures; cardiac output; cardiac index; stroke volume; heart rate; systemic vascular resistance; mean pulmonary arterial pressure; and pulmonary vascular resistance. In addition, arterial blood samples for gas and acid-base analyses were collected at 30-minute intervals for 2.5 hours. After baseline values were recorded, dogs were randomly assigned to receive either buprenorphine (16 micrograms/kg, i.v.) or isovolumetric 5% dextrose solution. All variables were then recorded at 15-minute intervals for 2.5 hours. RESULTS During isoflurane anesthesia, buprenorphine administration caused significant (P < or = 0.05) reductions in diastolic arterial pressure, mean arterial pressure, systolic arterial pressure, cardiac index, and heart rate, whereas systemic vascular resistance increased significantly. During halothane anesthesia, buprenorphine administration caused significant decreases in heart rate, cardiac index, mean, systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressures, and stroke volume, whereas pulmonary arterial blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance increased significantly. CONCLUSION Although the changes seen were significant, they were not sufficiently large to be of clinical importance in healthy dogs.