Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrated Vector Management as an Effort to Anticipate the Spread of DHF in Tanjungpinang

DHF is a vector-borne disease caused by dengue virus transmitted to humans through the bite of the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Many efforts have been taken by the government to overcome the occurrence of dengue cases. However, the cases in Tanjungpinang continue to occur throughout the year and even increased in 2018. The implementation of Aedes vector control program is still done individually. Therefore, an approach which involves all sectors, including government, the private sector, and society, is needed. A descriptive and analytical observational study of 50 samples and 214 coordinate points of DHF patients were carried out for mapping and dynamics of transmission surveys. Out of 434 DHF patients, 60.1% of them were from the Tanjungpinang Timur sub-district with a pattern of group distribution, especially in urban villages with the highest population density namely Pinang Kencana Village. Vector surveillance showed 61.1% villages in the indices of Aedes aegypti and/or Aedes albopictus HI > 5 and RR > 0.025. Control of Aedes sp is not only the responsibility of the health sector but is also the responsibility of all sectors. To ensure the continuity of vector control, the development of a strategy in the form of integrated vector management is needed. The integrated vector management concept is to integrate effective and economical vector control methods involving all sectors. Thus, in order to implement integrated vector management, commitment from stakeholders and related sectors is required. Besides, it requires the active role of the community to be involved in vector control. Keywords— Integrated Vector Management, DHF,
Toward Emotionally Adaptive Virtual Reality for Mental Health Applications

Here, we introduce the design and preliminary validation of a general-purpose architecture for affective-driven procedural content generation in virtual reality (VR) applications in mental health and wellbeing. The architecture supports seven commercial physiological sensing technologies and can be deployed in immersive and non-immersive VR systems. To demonstrate the concept, we developed the “The Emotional Labyrinth,” a non-linear scenario in which navigation in a procedurally generated three-dimensional maze is entirely decided by the user, and whose features are dynamically adapted according to a set of emotional states. During navigation, affective states are dynamically represented through pictures, music, and animated visual metaphors chosen to represent and induce affective states. The underlying hypothesis is that exposing users to multimodal representations of their affective states can create a feedback loop that supports emotional self-awareness and fosters more effective emotional regulation strategies. We carried out a first study to, first, assess the effectiveness of the selected metaphors in inducing target emotions, and second, identify relevant psycho-physiological markers of the emotional experience generated by the labyrinth. Results show that the Emotional Labyrinth is overall a pleasant experience in which the proposed procedural content generation can induce distinctive psycho-physiological patterns, generally coherent with the meaning of the metaphors used in the labyrinth design. Furthermore, collected psycho-physiological responses such as electrocardiography, respiration, electrodermal activity, and electromyography are used to generate computational models of users’ reported experience. These models enable the future implementation of the closed loop mechanism to adapt the Labyrinth procedurally to the users’ affective state.
Functions of social learning about food: a causal analysis of effects of diet novelty on preference transmission

A naive rat (an observer) that interacts with a recentJy fed conspecitic (a demonstrator) suase- quently exhibits a substantially enhanced preference for whatever food its demonstrator ate. In the present series of experiments, it was found that: (l) demonstrator rats that ate foods unfamiliar to their respective oaservers influenced the food preferences of observers more than did demonstrator rats that ate foods familiar to their observers and (2) demonstrator rats that had eaten both a food unfamiliar to observers and a food familiar to observers induced greater preference for the former than for the latter. These results suggest that social enhancement of flavour preferences does not reinforce rats' inherent tendency to prefer familiar foods. Rather, social enhancement of flavour preference biases rats to incorporate unfamiliar foods into their feeding repertoires. Because (I) unfamiliar substances that conspecifics are eating are more likely to be beneficial than are other unfamiliar substances in the environment and (2) social interaction increases the probability that rats will ingest unfamiliar substances that conspecifics are eating, socially induced changes in diet preference should reduce potential costs of increasing dietary breadth. In a series of studies extending over more than a decade, my co-workers and I have demonstrated repeatedly that Norway rats, Rattus norvegicus, can influence one another's food preferences (for reviews see, Galef 1989a, 1990). The effects of inter- action with demonstrators on the food preferences of their observers are profound: social interaction can reverse both learned aversions (Galef 1986) and congenital flavour preferences (Galef 1989b). Socially enhanced food preferences persist for weeks after their induction (Galef 1989b; Galef & Kennett 1985;Winocur 1990), and social induction of food preference occurs under a broad range of experimental conditions (Galef et al. 1984). The robustness of social influences on food choices of captive rats suggests that socially acquired infor- mation can play an important role in the develop- ment of adaptive patterns of food selection by rats living in natural habitats. Of course, social influence is but one of several factors that can affect the food preferences and feeding repertoires of rats. An individual's con- genital hedonic responses to the flavours of foods (Young 1959), its familiarity with the tastes of foods (Siegel 1974) as well as its experience of the post-ingestional consequences of eating foods (Garcia & Koelling 1966; Booth 1985) can each contribute to development offlavQUf preferences.
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Quantification of Metabolites in Stool Using 13C Labelled Compounds

It has become increasingly important to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the volatile metabolites in a range of bodily fluids for use in monitoring health. There has been relatively little work on the quantitative analysis of compounds, particularly with respect to the effects of ethnicity or geographic location. A novel method for the quantification of compounds in stool using 13C labelled compounds as internal standards is presented. Using thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry, stool samples from 38 healthy volunteers were analysed. The 13C labelled compounds, acetone, ethyl butanoate, ethanoic acid, butanoic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, and indole, were added as internal standards. This process mimics the solubility characteristics of the compounds and thus the method was able to quantify the compounds within the solid stool. In total, 15 compounds were quantified: Dimethyl sulphide (26–25,626 ng/g), acetone (442–3006 ng/g), ethyl butanoate (39–2468 ng/g), ethyl 2-methylbutanoate (0.3–180 ng/g), dimethyl disulphide (35–1303 ng/g), 1-octen-3-one (12 ng/g), dimethyl trisulphide (10–410 ng/g), 1-octen-3-ol (0.4–58 ng/g), ethanoic acid (672–12,963 ng/g), butanoic acid (2493–11,553 ng/g), 3-methylbutanoic acid (64–8262 ng/g), pentanoic acid (88–21,886 ng/g), indole (290–5477 ng/g), and 3-methyl indole (37–3483 ng/g). Moreover, by altering the pH of the stool to pH 13 in conjunction with the addition of 13C trimethylamine, the method was successful in detecting and quantifying trimethylamine for the first time in stool samples (range 40–5312 ng/g). Statistical analysis revealed that samples from U.K. origin had five significantly different compounds (ethyl butanoate, 1-octen-3-ol, ethanoic acid, butanoic acid, pentanoic acid, and indole) from those of South American origin. However, there were no significant differences between vegetarian and omnivore samples. These findings are supported by pre-existing literature evidence. Moreover, we have tentatively identified 12 compounds previously not reported as having been found in stool.
Effect of maternal education on antenatal care utilization, maternal and perinatal outcome in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Antenatal Care (ANC) utilization facility is available but poorly utilized because of many factors which play indirect role in inadequate utilization of antenatal care facility: low social status of women in the society, less opportunity for basic education, less ability to make decisions. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to study the effect of maternal education on antenatal care utilization, maternal and perinatal outcome in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective study was carried out on 525 cases delivered during period of one year at Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India; a tertiary care hospital catering both urban and rural population. All cases were categorized into two groups: booked and unbooked. The age, parity and education of each patient in booked and unbooked cases was noted. Further, its impact on antenatal care utilization, maternal and perinatal outcome was studied.Results: On studying education pattern, among illiterate subjects 50% were booked and 50% were unbooked; For graduate and above were 80.6% and 19.4%respectively. Among mothers who were illiterate 90.9% had low birth weight babies and 13.6% had stillborn. Among those graduates and above 38.7% had low birth weight babies,1.5 % stillborn and 1.2% neonatal deaths.Conclusions: The educational status of the women came out as a significantly important variable and predictor of perinatal outcome. Hence, whole hearted efforts should be directed in educating women population and also improving health care facilities in rural areas to provide early referral to higher centers.
Population growth, range expansion, and competition in the cooperatively breeding brown jay, Cyanocorax morio


Abstract Abstract. Observations of an expanding population of brown jays in Monteverde, Costa Rica made it possible to characterize a transition from incomplete habitat saturation, in which jays maintained moderate group sizes, to more complete habitat saturation, in which jays maintained larger group sizes and showed increased aggression at high densities. From 1977 to 1990, the number of individuals, number of flocks, and mean flock size on the study area increased dramatically. Only at high densities did flocks comprised of fewer than six individuals attempt breeding, even though suitable habitat (indicated by later successful breeding there), had been available for the past decade. The population has expanded its local range as well, and now occupies all of the preferred cleared habitat in the study area. Coincident with these demographic changes, the emergence of overt intra-group aggression at the nest was observed, especially that involving interference competition between rival older females during the building/laying stage of the nesting cycle. Aggressive interactions at a nest were much more likely in flocks with more than 10 individuals and also more likely as the number of birds seen sitting on the nest increased. The positive relationship between number of offspring produced and the number of old birds in a flock was weakened at higher densities, probably resulting from increased intra-group aggression. These observations suggest that high population density and limited breeding opportunities resulted in increased reproductive competition. Sociality, however, has not simply been forced in this population, because even at low densities in the presence of ample unused habitat Monteverde brown jays bred only in groups. This suggests that intrinsic benefits to group living probably have also played an important part in maintaining sociality in this population.
Blood Pressure and End-tidal Carbon Dioxide Ranges during Aneurysm Occlusion and Neurologic Outcome after an Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

What We Already Know about This Topic It remains unknown what end-tidal carbon dioxide and mean arterial pressure are optimal for surgical management of patients with an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage What This Article Tells Us That Is New The investigators retrospectively evaluated 1,099 patients who had endovascular coiling or surgical clipping for subarachnoid hemorrhages There were no clinically important or statistical significant associations between either end-tidal carbon dioxide or mean arterial pressure thresholds and Glasgow Outcome Scale at discharge or three months Other prognostic factors are more important than carbon dioxide and blood pressure, at least within the observed clinical ranges Background: Hypocapnia, hypotension, and hypertension during aneurysm occlusion in patients with an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage may lead to a poor prognosis, but evidence for end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) targets is lacking. Within the ranges of standardized treatment, the authors aimed to study the association between hypocapnia (PaCO2 < 35 mmHg), hypotension (MAP < 80 mmHg), and hypertension (MAP >100 mmHg) during general anesthesia for aneurysm occlusion and neurologic outcome. Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients who underwent early aneurysm occlusion after an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage under general anesthesia. ETCO2 and MAP were summarized per patient as the mean and time-weighted average area under the curve for various absolute (ETCO2 < 30, < 35, < 40, < 45 mmHg; and MAP < 60, < 70, < 80, > 90, > 100 mmHg) and relative thresholds (MAP < 70%, < 60%, < 50%). Clinical outcome was assessed with the Glasgow Outcome Scale at discharge and at three months, as primary and secondary outcome measure, respectively. Results: Endovascular coiling was performed in 578 patients, and 521 underwent neurosurgical clipping. Of these 1,099 patients, 447 (41%) had a poor neurologic outcome at discharge. None of the ETCO2 and MAP ranges found within the current clinical setting were associated with a poor neurologic outcome at discharge, with an adjusted risk ratio for any ETCO2 value less than 30 mmHg of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.81 to 1.10; P < 0.496) and an adjusted risk ratio for any MAP less than 60 mmHg of 0.94 (95% CI, 0.78 to 1.14; P < 0.530). These results were not influenced by preoperative neurologic condition, treatment modality and timing of the intervention. Comparable results were obtained for neurologic outcome at three months. Conclusions: Within a standardized intraoperative treatment strategy in accordance with current clinical consensus, hypocapnia, hypotension, and hypertension during aneurysm occlusion were not found to be associated with a poor neurologic outcome at discharge in patients with an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and its subtypes in the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study cohort

Aims: We investigated the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its subtypes according to the original (MCI-original) and modified (MCI-modified; neglecting cognitive complaints) Petersen criteria. Methods: 4,145 subjects (aged 50–80 years) from a German population-based study completed a cognitive screening test and were poststratified into 2 groups with sample sizes of 1,125 for impaired and 3,020 for age-appropriate performance. Random samples of 445 impaired participants and 211 age-appropriate participants received a detailed neuropsychological evaluation. The prevalence of MCI was estimated by a bias correction estimator based on stratum weights. The association between MCI and age, gender and education was analyzed in a logistic regression model. Results: The estimated MCI prevalence was 7.8% (95% CI: 5.7–9.9%) for the original, and 12.1% (95% CI: 9.8–14.4%) for the modified criteria. In the MCI-original group, amnestic MCI subtypes were slightly less common than non-amnestic MCI subtypes (3.5 vs. 4.3%). MCI-original was associated with lower education and older age. In the MCI-modified group, the amnestic subtypes were more common than the non-amnestic MCI subtypes (7.8 vs. 4.3%), and MCI was associated with age, gender and education. Conclusions: Prevalence rates of MCI are high in the general population and vary considerably according to the criteria applied.
The Protective Role of Bacillus velezensis A2 on the Biochemical and Hepatic Toxicity of Zearalenone in Mice

Zearalenone (ZEN) is an estrogen-like mycotoxin produced by Fusarium that seriously compromises the safety of animal and human health. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the protective effect of Bacillus velezensis A2 against biochemical and pathological changes induced by zearalenone in mice. Kunming mice (n = 40; 25 ± 2 g) were allotted to four treatment groups: a control group (basic feed); a ZEN group (basic feed with a ZEN dose of 60 mg/kg); an A2 strain fermented feed group (150 g of feed mixed with 150 mL of sterile distilled water and inoculated with 5 mL of phosphate buffer salt (PBS) resuspended A2 strain); and an A2 strain fermented ZEN-contaminated feed group. (A2 strain group 150 mL pure bacterial distilled water system mixed with 150 g ZEN-contaminated feed.) Our results showed that the Bacillus velezensis A2 strain can completely degrade the ZEN-contaminated feed within 5 days. (The concentration of ZEN in fermentation was 60 μg/mL.) After the mice fed for 28 days, compared with the control group, the activities of AST and ALT were increased, the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) were decreased, and the amount of creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the ZEN group were increased in the mice serum (p < 0.05; p < 0.01). However, compared with the ZEN group, these biochemical levels were reversed in the A2 strain fermented feed group and in the A2 strain fermented ZEN-contaminated feed group (p < 0.05; p < 0.01). Furthermore, histopathological analysis only showed pathological changes of the mice liver in the ZEN group. The results showed that Bacillus velezensis A2 as additive could effectively remove ZEN contamination in the feed and protect the mice against the toxic damage of ZEN. In conclusion, Bacillus velezensis A2 has great potential use as a microbial feed additive to detoxify the toxicity of zearalenone in production practice.
ATIVIDADES EXPERIMENTAIS NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: ANÁLISE EM UM CONTEXTO COM ESTUDANTE CEGO

The research’s purpose is to investigate limits and potentialities of an experimental activities methodology for teaching and learning in Natural Science in a class of 3rd-year elementary school attended by seers and one blind student. The proposal was based on literature discussions. The sources of information for qualitative analysis were video recordings of lessons and written records of students. The information analysis, guided by procedures of Discursive Textual Analysis, has identified potentialities for group work learning and explicitness of the students’ knowledge on the subjects under study. There were limits on the questioning of the initial knowledge in favor of reflections on the remarks, the participation of the blind student in experimental procedures and promotion of debates.
The Cambridge Handbook of Motivation and Learning

Written by leading researchers in educational and social psychology, learning science, and neuroscience, this edited volume is suitable for a wide-academic readership. It gives definitions of key terms related to motivation and learning alongside developed explanations of significant findings in the field. It also presents cohesive descriptions concerning how motivation relates to learning, and produces a novel and insightful combination of issues and findings from studies of motivation and/or learning across the authors' collective range of scientific fields. The authors provide a variety of perspectives on motivational constructs and their measurement, which can be used by multiple and distinct scientific communities, both basic and applied.
Remembrance Home: Storage for re-discovering one's life

Remembrance Home is a project for supporting one's remembrance throughout his/her life by employing his/her house as storage media for memorizing, organizing and remembering his/her everyday activity. The Remembrance Home stores his/her everyday memories which consist of digital data of both what he/she has ever seen and what he/she has ever generated. He/she can augment his/her memory by passively viewing slide-shown images played in ubiquitously arranged displays in the house. The experiments have shown that the prototype system that contains over 570,000 images, 35,000 titles of hypertext data, and 250,000 of hyperlinks among them, augments his/her remembering activity. Author Keywords
Context and consequences of comb displays by male rock ptarmigan

Male rock ptarmigan, Lagopus mutus, display their supraorbital combs for about 50% of the time during both inter- and intra-sexual interactions in the breeding season, but rarely when they are alone. During three seasons in the Canadian high arctic, mating success of male rock ptarmigan was positively correlated with both comb condition and previous breeding experience. There was no general relationship between a male's comb size and his mating success, contrary to results obtained in both a previous study in this same population and experimental studies on other species with combs. There was, however, a correlation between comb size and mating success among inexperienced males that may explain the results from other studies. Model presentation experiments also revealed significant relationships between comb condition, comb size and aggressiveness, such that males with smaller combs or combs in poor condition were less likely to attack male models with artificial combs. The size of model combs, however, had no influence on male aggressiveness. Because combs are frequently attacked during male × male interactions, the condition of these ornaments may honestly advertise male fighting ability and as a result may be an important criterion for female choice.