Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas: A retrospective analysis of 36 cases from a single institution in India.

BACKGROUND Solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of the pancreas is uncommon, occurring predominantly in young women. We analyzed the clinicopathological features of SPT diagnosed in our institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of all cases of SPT diagnosed in the Department of Pathology from January 2001 to September 2012, utilizing an electronic database search, was carried out. In all, 36 cases (35 resections and 1 fine needle aspiration cytology with cell block material) were found. All these cases were then analyzed for clinical presentation, duration and histopathological features, including immunohistochemistry and correlated with the clinical outcome. RESULTS The mean age of patients (31 females) was 24.1 years. The SPT was suspected preoperatively in 25% of cases. Tumor location was equally common in head (15), body (9), tail (8), distal body and tail (3), and neck (1). Thirty five patients underwent resection. The mean tumor size was 7.16 cm. Grossly, the tumors were solid and cystic (22), predominantly solid (11) or entirely cystic (2). Histologically, pseudopapillary structures, cholesterol clefts, hemorrhage, necrosis, and foam cells were commonly seen. Infiltration into the adjacent pancreas or capsule and perineural invasion were seen in some cases. Immunostaining for CD 10, CD56, and vimentin were positive. Chromogranin and cytokeratin were negative. Follow up in 20 patients from 2-82 months did not show evidence of recurrence or metastasis, even in those with limited surgery or minimal parenchymal or focal perineural infiltration. CONCLUSION This study suggests that a management approach with only limited complete tumor resection would be adequate in these tumors.
Brazilian intensivists: exhausted, but (still) happy with their choice?

Burnout syndrome has gained increasing attention since the term was coined by Freudenberger in 1974. (1) It is amazing that the first systematic description of occupational physical or mental burnout was provided more than two centuries after the modern contextualization of work. (2) It is even more astonishing that more than 40 years have passed without any studies assessing the actual implications of burnout syndrome on the work dynamics in healthcare and the outcomes on patient care. Despite a significant increase in the number of studies on this subject that have been published in the last five years (Figure 1), the number is still very small compared to studies of other occupational diseases (not exceeding approximately 70 articles on the topic per year). In this edition of the Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva, Tironi et al.(3) report the results of a systematic questionnaire completed by 180 Brazilian intensive care physicians from five state capitals. The prevalence of symptoms of emotional burnout, depersonalization, and inefficiency was evaluated using the abovementioned previously validated systematic questionnaire. The authors were careful to make their sample representative of the overall population by including 60 intensive care units in large Brazilian capitals; however, the return rate of the questionnaires was considerably lower than expected (despite the abovementioned refusal to participate by some centers). Thus, before interpreting the study results, we must emphasize that they refer to professionals willing to complete the questionnaire in units that agreed to participate in the study. Thus, it is possible that a larger sample would lead to even more alarming results. The authors found a burnout prevalence of greater than 60%, when considering burnout as the presence of at least one of the domains involved. The results of Tironi(3) must be interpreted in conjunction with the results of other international initiatives and with the data on professional and personal satisfaction among intensivists published by Nassar, also in Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva. (4) The Brazilian intensivist is young, often well paid, but subject to a high weekly workload. As with other doctors in other parts of the world, emotional exhaustion is the most frequently reported component of burnout syndrome. (5) However, Brazilian intensivists seem to suffer from burnout more frequently than their Portuguese colleagues. (6) We know little about the consequences of burnout. The direct relationship between burnout and worse care performance, although plausible, has yet to be demonstrated in practice. Some data suggest that patient satisfaction is lower when the assistant physician suffers from burnout; however, the link between the presence of the syndrome and worse outcomes still needs to be clearly demonstrated. (7) There is, however, indirect evidence. Emergency physicians Fernando Godinho Zampieri1,2
Music Definition Language &amp; Music Manipulation Language: A Coding Scheme for Music Representation and Storage

There are a number of existing music data storage formats and a number of existing music manipulating formats, each of which possess certain features and limitations. Thus, for the new coding scheme introduced, Music Definition Language (MDL) and Music Manipulation Language (MML), we analyse how well it can act as storage media. We carried out experiments on whether the new coding scheme can make the music easier to represent by comparing the sound waveform, the storage data size and other relevant features. The result shows that the file size, of 14.3kB (size on disk: 15.0kB) for the first 18 seconds, is larger than a MIDI file but relatively small compared to audio file such as an MP3 file. More importantly, the soundwave that MDL and MML generated is better than MIDI files, as it is closer to audio files and able to do more variations. Therefore, the overall performance of MDL and MML lies between symbolic-coded files and audio files.
State Mediation of Conflicts over Work Refusals: The Role of the Ontario Labour Relations Board

A key feature of occupational health and safety legislation is that it has sought to compartmentalize health and safety issues by creating structures and processes that depart from “typical” social relations of production. The Ontario Labour Relations Board, in adjudicating disputes concerning work refusals, faces the difficult, if not impossible, task of defining and maintaining a sphere in which workers have an uncommon latitude and power. Analysis of cases before the Board during the 1980s shows how it errs on the side of caution and uses criteria related to “typical” social relations of production to define convincing testimony and assess workers' entitlement to redress. Similarly, employers' interests and the requirements of the labor process are a reference point in the Board's definition of the scope of workers' rights and what constitute legitimate penalties for the “abuse” of these. Yet decisions are not wholly biased toward employers; dissenting opinions reveal important differences and progressive rulings establish precedents that could be a basis for future decisions.
Chronic symptoms in construction workers treated for musculoskeletal injuries.

BACKGROUND Soft tissue musculoskeletal injuries make up a high proportion of all work-related injuries in construction. Data from Workers' Compensation claims indicate that strains and sprains are the leading compensable injury for construction workers. This study describes the consequences of soft tissue musculoskeletal injuries for construction workers, and assesses the persistence of symptoms after an injury and the impact of that injury on return to work. METHODS Through an Emergency Department surveillance system [Hunting et al., 1994a], we recorded 176 construction worker visits, from 5/01/93 through 2/28/95, for strains, sprains, joint injury or pain, tendinitis, dislocations, hernias, or other musculoskeletal injuries excluding fractures. Telephone interviews were conducted several months after workers had visited the emergency room for a musculoskeletal injury. RESULTS Seventy individuals were interviewed about the long-term impacts of 72 incidents that had resulted in work-related musculoskeletal injuries. For 46 (62%) of the 74 diagnoses, problems continued beyond two months. The likelihood of problems continuing more than two months varied considerably by body location of injury. Hispanic workers and older workers were more likely to have continuing symptoms. Eleven of the 45 construction workers with symptoms persisting longer than two months were not employed at the time of the interview. Only 11 of the 45 workers with ongoing symptoms told us that modifications had been made to their jobs to accommodate their symptoms. About one-quarter of these 45 subjects reported substantial effects on home or work life. CONCLUSIONS Acute musculoskeletal injuries in construction workers frequently result in chronic symptoms, and those with chronic symptoms report substantial effects of the injury on their quality of life. Job accommodations were made in a minority of these injuries. These findings point to the need for heightened efforts for injury prevention in this industry.
Automatic 3D face verification from range data

We present a novel approach for automatic 3D face verification from range data. The method consists of range data registration and comparison. There are two steps in the registration procedure: a coarse step conducting normalization by exploiting a priori knowledge of the human face and facial features; a fine step aligning the input data with the model stored in the database by the partial directed Hausdorff distance. To speed up the registration, a simplified version of the model is generated for each model in the model database. During the face comparison, the partial Hausdorff distance is employed as the similarity metric. Experiments have been carried out on a database with 30 individuals, and the best EER of 3.24% is achieved.
DOES TOTAL REPRODUCTIVE EFFORT EVOLVE INDEPENDENTLY OF OFFSPRING SIZE?

Abstract In all species, patterns of reproductive allocation have important fitness consequences and therefore important implications for life-history evolution. Nearly universally, theory in this field has modeled as independent the evolution of total allocation to offspring and the subsequent division of this allocation into many small versus few large offspring. Yet, some theory and a very small amount of experimental evidence suggest that these life-history traits may be evolutionarily linked. Using comparative analyses of copepod life histories, we illustrate that rather than being evolutionarily independent these traits can be linked, in this case, across a very large clade of invertebrates. Our results indicate that a more complete understanding of the evolution of these traits will require greater consideration of simultaneous allocation decisions, rather than sequential ones, and other genetic and selective mechanisms. Corresponding Editor: T. Kawecki
A Multi-Level View of the Antecedents and Consequences of Trust in Virtual Leaders

Although trust is widely acknowledged as critical to virtual teams, little is known regarding the causes and consequences of trust in leaders of virtual teams. This paper examines the antecedents and consequences of trust in virtual team leaders. Using survey and archival data from a massively multiplayer online game (MMOG), this study’s findings show that trust in the leader is affected by team members’ use of synchronous communication and breadth of communication with leaders as well as team members’ distance from each other. Furthermore, reasoning that team size and culture create a shared context qualifying team members’ experiences, we found that team size and collectivistic values diminished the benefits of synchronous communication and breadth of communication, respectively. The findings also revealed that trust in leaders had a positive relationship to team performance. Detailed discussion of the findings is provided in the conclusion of the paper.
Recovery of oral glucose tolerance by wistar rats after treatment with Coreopsis tinctoria infusion

Infusions of Coreopsis tinctoria flowering tops have traditionally been used in Portugal to control hyperglycaemia but no pharmacological or toxicological studies have been reported until now. The chalcones marein and okanin were isolated from the aqueous extract, together with the 2S‐3′,4′,7,8‐tetrahydroxyflavanone. The content of marein in extracts was determined by HPLC‐UV and the radical scavenging capacity evaluated by the DPPH method (EC50 = 21 µg/mL). Glucose intolerance was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in saline (40 mg/Kg). After three weeks of oral treatment with C. tinctoria extract (500 mg/Kg/day) the animals were no longer glucose‐intolerant (p > 0.05). Additionally, this oral treatment caused no hepatotoxicity in the rats, as determined by blood alanine and aspartate transaminases. A single administration of extract had no effect on oral glucose tolerance in normal Wistar rats. The extract also had no effect on insulin secretion by MIN6 cells. In conclusion, C. tinctoria infusion is able to abolish the streptozotocin‐induced glucose‐intolerance in rats after three weeks of oral treatment by a mechanism other than induction of insulin secretion. The recovery of β‐pancreatic function mediated by an antioxidant mechanism is a possibility that deserves further investigation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HLA-mismatched haploidentical transplantation using low-dose anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG: thymoglobulin)

ABSTRACT Objectives: To clarify optimal strategies for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods: Twelve patients who underwent HSCT from a haploidentical related donor using low-dose thymoglobulin were analyzed retrospectively. Thymoglobulin was added to conditioning regimens at 2.5 mg/kg/day for 2 days (days −4 and −3). Prophylaxis against graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was performed with cyclosporine and methotrexate. Results: The median age of the patients was 33 years. Six patients had previous allogeneic HSCT, and HSCT was performed in non-remission for nine patients. All patients but one, who died due to early infection, achieved neutrophil engraftment at a median of 17 days with complete donor-type chimerism. Acute and chronic GVHD were observed in six and five patients, respectively, but no patients died of GVHD-associated complication. No one developed cytomegalovirus disease, but Epstein–Barr virus-related lymphoproliferative disorder was observed in one patient. Long-term survival in remission without immunosuppressive agents are observed in two patients who underwent HSCT in remission, but the majority of patients who underwent HSCT in non-remission experienced disease progression. Conclusion: Haploidentical HSCT could be performed with thymoglobulin at 5 mg/kg, with the balance between GVHD and relapse rate. The dose reduction of thymoglobulin may be considered for advanced hematological malignancy.
Detection of quasispecies variants predicted to use CXCR4 by ultra-deep pyrosequencing during early HIV infection

Objectives:HIV-1 V3 quasispecies was analyzed by ultra-deep pyrosequencing, in early HIV-infected patients, to assess possible correlations between quasispecies diversity, frequency of variants predicted to use CXCR4 and need for early antiretroviral treatment. Methods:Twenty patients were retrospectively enrolled: 10 patients (group A) required HAART within 6 months from seroconversion and 10 (group B) remained free of therapy during this period. V3 quasispecies was assessed on plasma viral RNA and in peripheral blood mononuclear cell-associated proviral DNA. Prediction of coreceptor usage was performed by position-specific score matrix analysis. Results:Variants predicted to use CXCR4 were detected (frequency ≥0.3%) in the plasma of 50% of early infected patients (60% from group A and 40% from group B). Intrapatient frequency of these variants was highly variable (0.3–56.3%). A positive correlation was observed between the proportion of X4 variants and intrapatient quasispecies diversity. Quasispecies diversity and absolute numbers of X4 variants were significantly higher in patients from group A. The analysis of proviral DNA quasispecies, performed in a subgroup of five patients, showed that X4 variants were not detected in patients with RNA frequency below 0.3%, and detected at 3.6% in the patient with 56.3% of X4 plasma variants. Conclusion:Our findings show that X4 variants may be frequently found, at variable intrapatient frequency, in early infected patients, and that quasispecies diversity and absolute numbers of X4 variants are significantly higher in patients undergoing early antiretroviral treatment. Further studies are mandatory to explore the clinical relevance of X4 variants present during early infection with respect to clinical progression and possible therapeutic implications.
Incidence of Cervical Cytological Abnormalities With Aging in the Women’s Health Initiative: A Randomized Controlled Trial

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of cytological abnormalities and cervical cancer and to determine the effect of oral estrogen and progestin on cervical cytology among postmenopausal women participating in a multi-institution clinical trial. METHODS: The study was a longitudinal analysis of a prospective cohort of 16,608 postmenopausal women (aged 50–79 years) participating in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) clinical trial of estrogen plus progestin. Eligible participants had a cervical smear within 1 year before randomization and at 3- and 6-year follow-ups. Outcomes measured were low-grade and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL, HSIL) and cervical cancer at follow-up years 3 and 6. RESULTS: Of 15,733 eligible participants with a uterus, 7,663 were assigned to placebo and 8,070 to estrogen plus progestin. At baseline, 318 women (2%) had low-grade abnormalities on cervical cytology. The annual incidence rate of any new cytological abnormality in the estrogen plus progestin group was significantly higher than that in the placebo group (hazard ratio 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2–1.6). Independent risk factors for HSIL and cervical cancer over a 6-year follow-up (after stratifying for baseline cytologic abnormalities) included sexual activity in the past year while not being married or living as married (hazard ratio 3.5, 95% CI 1.5–8.3). Risk factors did not include age or use of estrogen plus progestin. CONCLUSION: Use of estrogen plus progestin was associated with increased incidence of any cytologic abnormality, although it had no impact on the incidence of HSIL or cervical cancer. Sexually active older women who are not married or living as married may benefit from continued cervical cancer screening. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials. gov, NCT00000611 LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: I
Virtually full-length subtype F and F/D recombinant HIV-1 from Africa and South America.

For reliable classification of HIV-1 strains appropriate reference sequences are needed. The HIV-1 genetic subtype F has a wide geographic spread, causing significant epidemics in South America, Africa, and some regions of Europe. Previously only two full-length sequences of each of the HIV-1 subtype F subclusters F1 and F2 have been described. To extend the knowledge of subtype F variation on a complete genome level, three new virtually full-length F1 sequences were cloned and sequenced, two from Africa and one from South America. Comparison of the new and previously described sequences showed that monophyletic clustering of the subcluster F1 of subtype F is consistent and highly supported in all genome regions. Two additional full-length strains were shown to be mosaics of subtypes F and D. These epidemiologically unrelated F/D sequences showed similar chimeric structure, suggesting that they may represent a previously undescribed circulating recombinant form (CRF). This was supported by partial sequences from three additional unlinked F/D recombinants. Genetic distances in the phylogenetic trees suggest that the recombination event leading to the putative CRF occurred relatively long ago, close to the divergence of the F1 and F2 subclusters. Furthermore, all five F/D recombinants are linked to the Democratic Republic of Congo, suggesting that the original recombination event took place in central Africa.
Theoretical study of a five-coordinated silica polymorph

Theoretical calculations are performed to study transformations in silica as a function of nonhydrostatic stress. Molecular-dynamics calculations reveal a crystalline-to-crystalline transition from alpha-quartz to a phase with five-coordinated silicon (Si-V) at high pressure in the presence of deviatoric stress. The phase, which appears for specific orientations of the stress tensor relative to the crystallographic axes of quartz, is a crystalline polymorph of silica with five-coordinated silicon. The structure possesses P3(2)21 space-group symmetry. First-principles calculations within the local-density approximation, as well as molecular dynamics and energy minimization with interatomic potentials, find this phase to be mechanically and energetically stable with respect to quartz at high pressure. The calculated x-ray diffraction pattern and vibrational properties of the phase are reported. Upon decompression, the Si-V phase reverts to alpha-quartz through an intermediate four-coordinated phase and an unusual isosymmetrical phase transformation. The results suggest the importance of application of nonhydrostatic stress conditions in the design and synthesis of novel materials.
Determination of Sleep State in Infants Using Respiratory Variability

Abstract: Sleep staging has been conventionally performed using neurophysiologic and behavioral criteria. However, these criteria may not always be available. Since it is known that cardiorespiratory variables in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep are different from those in quiet sleep, we asked whether such variables can be used for the determination of sleep state. We studied nine normal fullterm infants at 1 and 4 months of life. Ventilation was measured using barometric plethysmography and the RR interval using a high accuracy R wave detector. Electroencephalogram, electrooculogram, and postural muscle electromyogram were recorded using surface electrodes and behavioral criteria applied. Means of RR interval, respiratory cycle time and tidal volume, and coefficients of variation of the same variables, were obtained for 30-s intervals throughout each sleep study. The Kolmogorov- Smirnov distances between REM and quiet sleep were larger for the coefficients of variation than for the means at both ages for all variables. Moreover, coefficient of variation of respiratory cycle time was found to provide the largest separation between REM and quiet sleep. In view of this result, we developed a statistical decision rule using coefficient of variation of respiratory cycle time for the classification of REM and quiet sleep in blocks of 5-min periods. Each study was divided into 5-min epochs and this rule was applied to each epoch. Of 85 epochs staged as quiet sleep by neurophysiologic and behavioral criteria, 79 epochs (or 93%) were classified correctly as quiet sleep using our decision rule. Of 85 epochs staged as REM sleep, 84 were classified as REM sleep and only one misclassified as quiet sleep. Five additional infants, whose results did not enter into the formulation of the decision rule, were used as a subsequent example to test the rule. The results of these five infants were similar to those of the previous nine others. We conclude that in young infants 1) the variability of cardiorespiratory parameters can separate quiet from nonquiet sleep better than the mean values and 2) sleep staging using a decision rule based on coefficient of variation of respiratory cycle time can be performed with high degree of accuracy.