Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Economic Growth in Thailand : The Macroeconomic Context

Thailand has long been included with a group of economies in East and Southeast Asia, who, because of their outstanding growth performance, have been at the center of the research and discussion of the determinants of economic growth. Much of the debate has revolved around an effort to partition growth between the contributions of increased factor inputs (extensive growth) and improvements in the efficiency with which those factors are employed (intensive growth). This issue is important to resolving questions of the future sustainability of the growth process, and the direction that should be taken by government policies. How important are efforts to stimulate innovation and competition, which are believed to be linked to gains in the efficiency of resource use, versus expansion of educational opportunities and incentives for greater capital formation. A concern with these issues has stimulated a large body of economic research aimed at identifying the proximate sources of growth, in both Thailand and other economies of the region. This research has included studies that use an econometric approach of estimating the parameters of an aggregate production function and those that rely on growth accounting to decompose the growth in output into the contributions of increased quantities of the factor inputs and a residual measure of improvements in total factor productivity (TFP). Both of these methodologies have been applied to Thailand’s situation, but one consequence has been a wide variation in the conclusions of the individual studies. The purpose of this paper is to review some of the major productivity studies of Thailand and attempt to identify the sources of their differences. The chapter also includes the construction of a set of growth accounts at the level of the total economy and three major sectors -agriculture, industry and services. These growth accounts provide the framework for a discussion of the data issues that arise in the context of efforts to measure Thailand’s productivity performance.
Natural Mortality and Size Structure of Introduced Blue Catfish in Virginia Tidal Rivers

In the 1970s and 1980s, blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) were introduced to the tidal rivers of Virginia. Current abundances and uncertainty about population characteristics of blue catfish generated concern for other economically important and imperiled species. We estimated natural mortality and size structure of blue catfish for four tidal river systems (i.e., James, Mattaponi, Pamunkey and Rappahannock). Using common empirical estimators with pooled data from the period 2002–2016, we calculated five estimates of natural mortality. Proportional size distributions were used to examine changes in size structure over time. Maximum observed age of 25 years indicated mature populations. Estimated mean instantaneous natural mortality (M) from five empirical estimators ranged from 0.13–0.19 in the four rivers. Temporal trends in size structure differed among rivers, likely due to differences in stocking timing and riverine productivity. Proportions of memorable and trophy size blue catfish appear to have recently declined in three of four rivers, but size-structure indices demonstrated continued viability of the James River trophy fishery. This study provides blue catfish mortality estimates to support development of future stock assessment models and management strategy evaluations. Understanding the size structure of these populations will help resource managers gauge the prevalence of large blue catfish relative to historical conditions and provide information on angling opportunities and size-based trophic interactions.
Expression level of plasma Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Objective: To investigate the plasma levels of Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and their correlations with SLE-associated clinical parameters. Methods: SLE patients and 80 normal controls were recruited, the plasma of them were obtained at the first visit. Plasma Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 levels were evaluated by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: When compared with the normal controls, the plasma level of Bcl-xL was significantly lower in SLE patients, while the plasma level of Bcl-2 in SLE patients was significantly higher (both P<0.05). Furthermore, the plasma level of Bcl-xL was positively associated with the level of C4 and was inversely correlated with the levels of IgG and IgM. Conclusion: All these findings suggest Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 possible role in the pathogenesis of SLE. However, further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
Extremal Problems for Restricted Polynomial Classes in L r Norm

We consider extremal problems of Markov-Bernstein type in integral norms, especially for restricted polynomial classes, which were introduced and studied by the late Professor Arun K. Varma. Beside some results on extremal problems of Markov and Bernstein type for the non-restricted polynomial class Pn in L norms, with a special attention to the case r = 2, we give a short account of L inequalities of Markov type for curved majorants and on Bernstein inequalities in mixed norms. Also, we consider extremal problems for some classes of nonnegative polynomials on [0, +∞) and [−1, 1] with respect to the generalized Laguerre and Jacobi measure, respectively.
A Closer Look at Profiting From Innovation — Appropriability Mechanisms ’ Nonlinearities , Trade-Offs , and Goal Contingencies August , 2011

How firms manage to profit from innovation is a central question in the literature on innovation management. Extant empirical studies have analyzed the effectiveness of mechanisms that support firms in profiting from innovation on the macro-level, focusing on how it varies with industry and geography. However, there has been little analysis of these appropriability mechanisms on a more detailed level. We address this gap in three ways: (1) by exploring nonlinearities in a mechanism’s effectiveness as a function of its level; (2) by studying trade-offs between appropriability mechanisms, and (3) by studying their effectiveness contingent on the firm’s competitive position. To this end we conducted a choice-based conjoint analysis with 319 participants managing various appropriability mechanisms. Our findings help to solve puzzles resulting from macro-level studies and have implications for firms trying to maximize value appropriation from innovation.
Pollen viability and seed set of interspecific hybrids between Jatropha curcas × Jatropha integerrima

Interspecific hybrids between Jatropha curcas × Jatropha integerrima are potential genetic resources for jatropha improvement. However, their pollen is normally partially sterile. This study was conducted to determine pollen viability status and seed set of the hybrids. Pollen viability was estimated by staining with 1% acetocarmine. The results showed that all interspecific hybrids had pollen viability falling between their parents. The pollen viability of interspecific hybrid derived from a cross between J. curcas (high phorbol esters accession) × J. integerrima ranged from 47% to 89% with an average of 72%. Similarly the viability of the hybrid J. curcas (low phorbol esters accession) × J. integerrima ranged from 44% to 90% with an average of 73%. The hybrid with low pollen viability also set less seeds. This information is useful for plant breeders to select the pollen donor in interspecific breeding programs.
Disability and labor market outcomes in Sweden Controlling for skill -

In this thesis, employment and earnings differentials between visually or hearing-impaired and nondisabled Swedish workers are analyzed. The thesis investigates whether there are any differences and if so, how large, in the earnings and the employment probabilities of the visually or hearingimpaired and the non-impaired on the Swedish labor market. Due to the detailed measures of visual acuity and hearing capacity provided by the data, a great degree of differentiation between different degrees of impairment is made. Acknowledging the possibility of investments in schooling being affected by actual or perceived labor market discrimination, a cognitive test score is used as an alternative measure of skill that is likely to be exogenous. A pooled sample is used to estimate differences in employment probability and earnings between individuals with various degrees of impairment, using the test score as the main explanatory variable. The results indicate that the degree of impairment is negatively related to both employment probability and earnings for both groups, although the differentials are small in most cases. Productivity differentials are likely to account for the main part of the employment and earnings gaps, while discrimination does not seem to have a substantial impact.
Compact-Polarimetry for oil basins observation

In this study, Compact-Polarimetry (CP) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) architectures are exploited for oil basins observation purposes. Basic wave polarimetry concepts are used to define the considered CP features emulating actual C-band fully polarimetric SAR data. Oil basins represent an interesting scenario from both an environmental and economical perspective. They are a very complex marine environment in which there are metallic targets together with potential oil slicks that cover sea surface. Meaningful experiments undertaken emulating RADARSAT-2 SAR data demonstrate the capability of CP architectures to both detect metallic targets at sea and monitor oil slicks. To address target and oil slick detection simultaneously, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is first performed to reduce the space of the considered CP features. Hence, once selected the most suitable set of features to be used in the ocean/target/oil classification process, an empirical global threshold choosen accordingly to image statistics is adopted to highlight the presence of metallic targets and oil slicks over the sea clutter. Then, once both metallic targets and oil slicks are sorted out from the ocean background using an adaptive approach involving norm calculation and based on local thresholds, to solve challenging cases in which they call for similar feature values, results obtained by processing the CP features are combined with the intensity information. Furthermore, oil characterization is addressed with a statistical analysis supported by an Euclidean metric to quantify the separation between oil slick and sea histograms.
Retina Association between Choroidal Thickness and Ocular Perfusion Pressure in Young , Healthy Subjects : Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography Study

METHODS. A single horizontal section and a single vertical section of EDI-OCT scans in each eye of 69 young, healthy subjects were obtained at the macula. CT was measured at the fovea, and up to 3 mm, at intervals of 0.5 mm, away from the fovea in the superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal choroid. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to assess the association of CT with OPP while axial length (AL), refractive error (RE), sex, and/or body mass index (BMI), were taken into consideration.
A Survey on Acceleration of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Deep Neural Networks have achieved remarkable progress during the past few years and are currently the fundamental tools of many intelligent systems. At the same time, the computational complexity and resource consumption of these networks are also continuously increasing. This will pose a significant challenge to the deployment of such networks, especially for real-time applications or on resource-limited devices. Thus, network acceleration have become a hot topic within the deep learning community. As for hardware implementation of deep neural networks, a batch of accelerators based on FPGA/ASIC have been proposed these years. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey about the recent advances on network acceleration, compression and accelerator design from both algorithm and hardware side. Specifically, we provide thorough analysis for each of the following topics: network pruning, low-rank approximation, network quantization, teacher-student networks, compact network design and hardware accelerator. Finally, we make a discussion and introduce a few possible future directions.
AMoist Entropy Budget View of the South Asian SummerMonsoon Onset

Using a high-resolution global model with explicit representation of convection, the physical processes involved in the abrupt onset of South Asian summer monsoon are investigated within a moist entropy budget framework. The monsoon onset is a two-stage transition. During the first stage, which starts around 2 months before onset, the source terms of column-integrated moist entropy gradually increase, while the export by the large-scale circulation slowly strengthens. The second stage is marked by a sudden increase of radiative heating and surface latent heat flux 10 days prior to the onset, followed by abrupt strengthening of large-scale export of moist entropy. When either cloud-radiative or wind-evaporation feedback is disabled in numerical experiments, the monsoon experiences much smoother and weaker onset. The evolution of the system in a gross moist stability plane demonstrates that these positive feedbacks destabilize the system and are responsible for the abruptness of the transition.
Separability of calcium slow waves and functional connectivity during wake, sleep, and anesthesia

Abstract. Modulation of brain state, e.g., by anesthesia, alters the correlation structure of spontaneous activity, especially in the delta band. This effect has largely been attributed to the ∼1 Hz slow oscillation that is characteristic of anesthesia and nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. However, the effect of the slow oscillation on correlation structures and the spectral content of spontaneous activity across brain states (including NREM) has not been comprehensively examined. Further, discrepancies between activity dynamics observed with hemoglobin versus calcium (GCaMP6) imaging have not been reconciled. Lastly, whether the slow oscillation replaces functional connectivity (FC) patterns typical of the alert state, or superimposes on them, remains unclear. Here, we use wide-field calcium imaging to study spontaneous cortical activity in awake, anesthetized, and naturally sleeping mice. We find modest brain state-dependent changes in infraslow correlations but larger changes in GCaMP6 delta correlations. Principal component analysis of GCaMP6 sleep/anesthesia data in the delta band revealed that the slow oscillation is largely confined to the first three components. Removal of these components revealed a correlation structure strikingly similar to that observed during wake. These results indicate that, during NREM sleep/anesthesia, the slow oscillation superimposes onto a canonical FC architecture.
Construction and integrated analysis of crosstalking ceRNAs networks in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Background Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumours of the head and neck. Recent evidence has demonstrated that lncRNAs play important roles in tumour progression and could be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and potential therapeutic targets. The “competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA)” hypothesis states that lncRNAs competitively bind to miRNAs through their intramolecular miRNA reaction elements (MREs) to construct a wide range of ceRNA regulatory networks. This study aims to predict the role of ceRNA network in LSCC, for advancing the understanding of underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Material and Methods In this study, the functions of lncRNAs as ceRNAs in LSCC and their prognostic significance were investigated via comprehensive integrated expression profiles data of lncRNAs, mRNAs, and miRNAs obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Protein–protein interaction, gene ontology, pathway, and Kaplan–Meier curves analysis were used to profile the expression and function of altered RNAs in LSCC. Results As a result, 889 lncRNAs, 55 miRNAs and 1946 mRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in LSCC. These altered mRNAs were mainly involved in extracellular matrix organization, calcium signaling, and metabolic pathways. To study the regulatory function of lncRNAs, an lncRNA-mediated ceRNA network was constructed. This ceRNA network included 61 lncRNAs, seven miRNAs and seven target mRNAs. Of these RNAs, lncRNAs (TSPEAR-AS, CASK-AS1, MIR137HG, PART1, LSAMP-AS1), miRNA (has-mir-210) and mRNAs (HOXC13, STC2, DIO1, FOXD4L1) had a significant effect on the prognosis of LSCC. Conclusion The results of this study broaden the understanding of the mechanisms by which lncRNAs are involved in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, five lncRNAs (TSPEAR-AS, CASK-AS1, MIR137HG, PART1, LSAMP-AS1) were identified as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LSCC. These results provide a basis for further experimental and clinical research.
Air-drying of seven clones of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla wood

Selecting clones with the best genetic material is one goal of eucalyptus breeding programs. Understanding the variations between the wood from different hybrid clones during drying is necessary to process improvement. This study aimed to select eucalyptus clones for lumber production based on their drying defects. From a plantation in Brazil, 42 trees within the seven different clones were used. All trees were 13 years old. The effect of the genetic material on the apparent density of the clones was significant. It was possible to separate the clones into four groups. Even if the wood was from the same genotype, a load of boards made from Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla wood exhibited heterogeneity in the drying rate due to factors inherent in the wood, especially the apparent density. The apparent density negatively affected the drying rate of the clones, i.e., approximately 70.5% of the drying rate was explained by the apparent density. Denser pieces exhibited lower drying rates. For a more homogeneous natural drying, it is recommended that the composition of the stacks use pieces with the same apparent density and thus similar initial moisture. The air-drying process is recommended to release any free water from eucalyptus woods.
Temporal and spatial variability in coastline response to declining sea-ice in northwest Alaska

Arctic sea-ice is declining in extent, leaving coastlines exposed to more storm-wave events. There is an urgent need to understand how these changes affect geomorphic processes along Arctic coasts. Here we describe spatial and temporal patterns of shoreline changes along two geomorphologically distinct, storm-wave dominated reaches of the Chukchi Sea coastline over the last 64 years. One study area encompasses the westto southwestfacing, coarse-clastic shoreline and ice-rich bluffs of Cape Krusenstern (CAKR). The other covers the northfacing, sandy shorelines on barrier islands, ice-rich bluffs, and the Cape Espenberg spit in the Bering Land Bridge National Park (BELA). Both study areas lie within the zone of continuous permafrost, which exists both on and offshore and outcrops as ice-rich bluffs along the BELA coast. We mapped changes in coastal geomorphology over three observation periods: 1950–1980, 1980–2003, and 2003–2014 using aerial and satellite imagery. We then compared these geomorphic changes to changes in sea-ice coverage, which declined ~10 days per decade between 1979 and 2016 in the southern Chukchi Sea. Changes in coastal geomorphology in both BELA and CAKR exhibited high spatial variability over the study period. Between 2003 and 2014, shorelines of barrier islands in BELA exhibited the highest mean rates of change,−1.5 m yr, while coarse, clastic barrier beaches in CAKR showed only minimal change. Overall, shorelines in both BELA and CAKR became more dynamic (increasing erosion or increasing accumulation) after ca. 2003, with spatial variability in shoreline changes roughly doubling between the first period of observation (1950–1980) and the last (2003–2014). This increase in coastal dynamism may signal a transitional period leading to new state of geomorphic equilibria along these ice-affected
The DISRPT 2019 Shared Task on Elementary Discourse Unit Segmentation and Connective Detection

In 2019, we organized the first iteration of a shared task dedicated to the underlying units used in discourse parsing across formalisms: the DISRPT Shared Task on Elementary Discourse Unit Segmentation and Connective Detection. In this paper we review the data included in the task, which cover 2.6 million manually annotated tokens from 15 datasets in 10 languages, survey and compare submitted systems and report on system performance on each task for both annotated and plain-tokenized versions of the data.
The effect of education through conceptual mapping on critical thinking of nursing students.

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of conceptual mapping on nursing students' critical thinking. METHODS The quasi-experimental case-control study was conducted from April 2015 to October 2016 at the University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, and comprised students of Fatemeh-Zahra School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz. The students were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Baseline data was collected using a two-part questionnaire, including demographic items and California Critical Thinking Skills Test. Both groups underwent 24 six-hour training sessions 3 times a week. The intervention and control groups were trained by conceptual map and integration methods, respectively. Post-intervention data was collected using the same questionnaire and was analysed using SPSS 13. RESULTS Of the 81 subjects, 41(50.6%) were in the intervention group and 40(49.4%) in the control group. The mean age was 25.12}3.71 years in the intervention group and 25.5}4.10 years in the control group (p>0.05). At baseline, there was no significant difference between the mean critical thinking scores of the two groups (p=0.781). Postintervention values increased in both groups, but the mean critical score was significantly higher in the intervention group (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Concept mapping was found to be an effective approach for improving students' critical thinking skills.
IMPACT OF BIOMASS EXTRACTION METHOD ON DAMAGE TO REMAINING TREES iN MECHANiZED THiNNiNG OF DECiDUOUS STANDS

Thinning of young forest stands is a contribution to the future of the stand development. Our study focuses on damage of the remaining trees and soil. Now it is common to see thinning of young stands with heavy forest machines, but most of these operations take place in commercial thinning. This study is focused on pre commercial thinning to evaluate different mechanized thinning methods in relation to the damage done to the remaining trees and soil in deciduous tree stands. Data were collected in four stands where the average diameter of trees at breast height was 6.2 cm, the height of average trees 9.5 m, but number of trees per hectare was more than 2900. The stands regenerate naturally. Damage was evaluated separately after harvester and forwarder operations. The study proves that forwarding makes much less damage to the remaining trees than harvesting. According to the study data, the traditional method results in the largest number of damaged trees, because operators need to cut all trees closer than 1.5 m from the target tree. Both schematic thinning methods result in significantly less damage. A statistically significant difference (p<0.001) was found in a proportion of damaged remaining trees between all of the applied working methods. The smallest amount of damage is associated with complex symmetrical thinning method. The most damage appears during harvesting. The aim of this study was to compare three working methods of biofuel production in pre-commercial thinning using harvester John Deere 1070D with accumulating felling head Bracke C16.b in grey alder (Alnus incana) pure stand.