Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tectonic control on peritidal carbonate parasequence formation: an investigation using forward tectono‐stratigraphic modelling

Studies of Quaternary extensional faults indicate that they have instantaneous amounts of throw (0·4 to 4 m), average slip rates (0·05 to 2·8 m kyr−1) and frequency of recurrence (<40 000 years) accounting for the accommodation space required for the accumulation of peritidal carbonate parasequences (PCPs). Hangingwall sites and graben are characterized by fault down‐dropping together with regional subsidence, and footwall sites and horsts by fault‐related uplift alternating with periods of regional subsidence. The relative sea‐level curves generated by these processes operating in a maritime rift setting are used as inputs to a forward stratigraphic modelling program SedTec2000 to simulate how fault‐related changes in accommodation space can account for high‐frequency PCP formation. Each instantaneous fault slip generates a flooding surface or aggradation in hangingwall and graben settings. High‐frequency cycles in hangingwall sites are either symmetric (deepening then shallowing upward) or asymmetric (shallowing‐upward). The major factor controlling cycle types is the balance between rates of carbonate accumulation and generation of accomodation space. High‐frequency cycles in footwall sites and horsts comprise shallow subtidal facies, with no distinctive bathymetric trends, capped by erosional boundaries generated by footwall uplift. The modelled cycles are of the same thickness, with bathymetric trends and frequency to cycles commonly interpreted to be due to orbitally driven eustatic sea‐level changes or autocyclic processes. These numerical experiments demonstrate that high‐frequency PCPs can be generated by tectonic, fault‐related processes, a hypothesis that is frequently discounted.
Porphyromonas gingivalis Traffics to Autophagosomes in Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells

ABSTRACT Porphyromonas gingivalis is a periodontal pathogen that also localizes to atherosclerotic plaques. Our previous studies demonstrated that P. gingivalis is capable of invading endothelial cells and that intracellular bacteria are contained in vacuoles that resemble autophagosomes. In this study, we have examined the trafficking of P. gingivalis 381 to the autophagic pathway. P. gingivalis 381 internalized by human coronary artery endothelial (HCAE) cells is located within vacuoles morphologically identical to autophagosomes. The progression ofP. gingivalis 381 through intracellular vacuoles was analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy. Vacuoles containingP. gingivalis colocalize with Rab5 and HsGsa7p early after internalization. At later times, P. gingivaliscolocalizes with BiP and then progresses to a vacuole that contains BiP and lysosomal glycoprotein 120. Late endosomal markers and the lysosomal cathepsin L do not colocalize with P. gingivalis 381. The intracellular survival of P. gingivalis 381 decreases over 8 h in HCAE cells pretreated with the autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine and wortmannin. In addition, the vacuole containing P. gingivalis 381 lacks BiP but contains cathepsin L in the presence of wortmannin. These results suggest that P. gingivalis 381 evades the endocytic pathway to lysosomes and instead traffics to the autophagosome.
A SIMPLE PROOF OF THE COMPLETE CONSENSUS OF DISCRETE-TIME DYNAMICAL NETWORKS WITH TIME-VARYING COUPLINGS

Abstract. We discuss the complete consensus problem of the discrete-time dynamical networks with time-varying couplings, and provide a simple analytic proof for the emergence of asymptotic complete consensus. Our approach is based on the ”energy estimate argument” and connectivity of the communication topology. As direct application of our main results, we obtain asymptotic complete consensus for the discrete-time Kuramoto model with local communication topology.
On the optimization of GaN HEMT layout for highly rugged low-noise amplifier design

GaN low-noise amplifiers need to provide low noise figure, but are also often expected to be highly rugged. This paper addresses the question, how HEMT devices within a certain technology can be optimized only by changing basic geometrical properties. While epitaxial layer structure and gate length usually are not accessible, the circuit designer might be able to choose parameters as gate finger width and gate-source spacing. In this analysis, GaN HEMT samples were fabricated, measured and modeled. The layout of the devices was varied in order to study possibilities to improve noise figure. It is shown that significant improvements in noise performance are to be expected by optimizing gate finger width, while the slight improvement in terms of noise figure resulting from a reduction in gate-source spacing compromises gate breakdown and should be avoided. This work provides the designer of low-noise amplifier MMICs with a qualitative analysis and quantitative examples of a state-of-the art GaN HEMT process how to optimize the layout of the HEMT for low-noise and highly rugged LNA design.
Completeness in the theory of types

The first order functional calculus was proved complete by Gödel in 1930. Roughly speaking, this proof demonstrates that each formula of the calculus is a formal theorem which becomes a true sentence under every one of a certain intended class of interpretations of the formal system. For the functional calculus of second order, in which predicate variables may be bound, a very different kind of result is known: no matter what (recursive) set of axioms are chosen, the system will contain a formula which is valid but not a formal theorem. This follows from results of Gödel concerning systems containing a theory of natural numbers, because a finite categorical set of axioms for the positive integers can be formulated within a second order calculus to which a functional constant has been added. By a valid formula of the second order calculus is meant one which expresses a true proposition whenever the individual variables are interpreted as ranging over an (arbitrary) domain of elements while the functional variables of degree n range over all sets of ordered n-tuples of individuals. Under this definition of validity, we must conclude from Gödel's results that the calculus is essentially incomplete. It happens, however, that there is a wider class of models which furnish an interpretation for the symbolism of the calculus consistent with the usual axioms and formal rules of inference. Roughly, these models consist of an arbitrary domain of individuals, as before, but now an arbitrary class of sets of ordered n-tuples of individuals as the range for functional variables of degree n. If we redefine the notion of valid formula to mean one which expresses a true proposition with respect to every one of these models, we can then prove that the usual axiom system for the second order calculus is complete: a formula is valid if and only if it is a formal theorem.
Prediagnostic toenail cadmium and zinc and subsequent prostate cancer risk

Cadmium is a recognized human lung carcinogen that has also been positively associated with prostate cancer mainly in occupationally exposed men. The association between dietary and supplemental zinc intake and prostate cancer has not been consistent in epidemiologic studies. We evaluated the association between prediagnostic toenail cadmium and zinc concentrations and risk of prostate cancer in a cohort in which the primary route of exposure to cadmium and zinc is the diet.
The Peculiarities of Oral History

'Yes', said Mrs Oliver, 'and then when they come to talk about it a long time afterwards, they've got the solution for it which they've made up themselves. That isn't awfully helpful, is it? ' 'It is helpful,' said Poirot, . 'It is important to know certain facts which have lingered in people's memories although they may not know exactly what the fact was, why it happened or what led to it. But they might easily know something that we do not know and that we have no means of learning. So there have been memories leading to theories. ' Agatha Christie, Elephants Can Remember
Silicon Nanowire Solar Cells

Over the past decade, silicon nanowire solar cells have been intensively explored as potential platforms for the next-generation photovoltaic (PV) technologies with high power conversion efficiency and low production cost. This chapter discusses the details of the silicon nanowire solar cells in terms of their device structures, fabrication and characterization, electrical and optical properties benefited from the nanowire geometry. These benefits are not only expected to increase the power conversion efficiency, but also considered to reduce the requirement for the material quantity and quality, allowing for potential efficiency improvements and substantial cost reductions.
Effect of fungicide treatment on Fusarium culmorum and Tri genes transcription in barley malt.

Pavel J., Vaculova K. , Faltusova Z. , Kucera L. , Sedlackova I. , Tvarůžek L. , Ovesna J. (2015): Effect of fungicide treatment on Fusarium culmorum and Tri genes transcription in barley malt. Czech J. Food Sci., 33: 326–333. Malting barley grains are essential components in the beer production. Fusarium infection can have severe effects on malt and beer, because it may inhibit the enzymatic activity in malt and may induce the occurrence of gushing and changes in the colour and flavour of the finished beer. We examined the growth of the filamentous fungi Fusarium culmorum in artificially infected and non-infected barley malting grains during the first steps of the malting process and under the effects of fungicide pretreatment (Hutton and Prosaro 250 EC) of barley plants. Our study focused on the fungi growth in two distinct barley malting cultivars Bojos and Malz. Fusarium growth was investigated by quantitative real-time PCR using TagMan MGB probes. Furthermore, we focused on the Tri5 and Tri6 genes because they play the most important roles in trichothecene biosynthesis. Surprisingly, the higher transcription activity of the Tri genes was found in the fungicide-treated cultivar Malz as compared with untreated cultivars.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Pressure Losses at Suction of a Twin Screw Compressor

Rotary twin screw machines are used in the wide range of industrial applications and are capable of handling single and multiphase fluids as compressors, expanders and pumps. Concentration of liquid in the inlet flow can influence the performance of the machine significantly. Characteristics of the multiphase flow at the suction of a screw compressor depend on the local flow velocities and concentration. Local flow velocity measurements inside the screw compressors are difficult to obtain. However other flow properties such as local pressures are easier to attain. It is therefore useful to carry out experiments with local pressure variations in the suction which can be used to validate the 3D numerical Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) models that could help in studying the single and multiphase flow behaviour in screw compressors. This paper presents experimental efforts to measure the local pressure losses inside the suction plenum of the screw compressor. Pressure variations are measured at 23 locations in the suction port at various operating conditions and compared with 3D CFD model. The grid generator SCORGTM was used for generating numerical mesh of rotors. The flow calculations were carried out using commercial 3D solver ANSYS CFX. It was found that the local pressure changes predicted by the CFD model are in the good agreement with measured pressures. This validated the use of CFD for modelling of the single phase flows in suction of screw machines.
Ultrastructural characteristics of myocardial and coronary microvascular lesions in Kawasaki disease.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome with multisystemic vasculitis affecting mainly infants and children. Although several studies on cardiovascular lesions in KD have been done at the light microscopic level, the ultrastructural characteristics and incidences of these lesions have not been well defined. In order to investigate the myocardial and coronary microvascular sequelae in KD, we performed an ultrastructural study on endomyocardial biopsy specimens obtained during follow-up from 54 patients who had typical clinical manifestations of KD, of whom 47 had associated coronary aneurysms as demonstrated by coronary arteriography (CAG) or two-dimensional echocardiography in the acute or healed stage. The average age of onset was 2.2 years old and the duration of illness was from 2 months to 23 years. Follow-up CAG showed that the coronary aneurysms persisted in 33 of the 47 patients (8 with associated stenosis) and resolved in the remaining 14 patients. Ultrastructurally, the myocardial changes revealed hypertrophy, various degrees of degeneration, proliferation and abnormality of mitochondria, infiltration of a small number of lymphocytes, and fibrosis. The coronary microvascular lesion was characterized by microvascular dilatation, endothelial cell injury, platelet aggregation with thrombosis, and stenotic lumen with thickened walls in the small arterioles. It persisted after convalescent stage even up to 23 years and closely correlated with the myocardial sequelae. Moreover, significantly increased incidences of myocardial and coronary microvascular lesions were found in patients with coronary artery lesion. These findings suggest the coronary microvascular lesion as a possible underlying factor of persistent sequelae in KD.
Using molecular prey detection to quantify rock lobster predation on barrens‐forming sea urchins

We apply qPCR molecular techniques to detect in situ rates of consumption of sea urchins (Centrostephanus rodgersii and Heliocidaris erythrogramma) by rock lobsters (Jasus edwardsii). A non‐lethal method was used to source faecal samples from trap‐caught lobsters over 2 years within two no‐take research reserves. There was high variability in the proportion of lobsters with faeces positive for sea urchin DNA across years and seasons dependent on lobster size. Independent estimates of lobster predation rate on sea urchins (determined from observed declines in urchin abundances in the reserves relative to control sites) suggest that rates of molecular prey detection generally overestimated predation rates. Also, small lobsters known to be incapable of directly predating emergent sea urchins showed relatively high rates of positive tests. These results indicate that some lobsters ingest non‐predatory sources of sea urchin DNA, which may include (i) ingestion of C. rodgersii DNA from the benthos (urchin DNA is detectable in sediments and some lobsters yield urchin DNA in faeces when fed urchin faeces or sediment); (ii) scavenging; and/or predation by rock lobsters on small pre‐emergent urchins that live cryptically within the reef matrix (although this possibility could not be assessed). While the DNA‐based approach and direct monitoring of urchin populations both indicate high predation rates of large lobsters on emergent urchins, the study shows that in some cases absolute predation rates and inferences of predator–prey interactions cannot be reliably estimated from molecular signals obtained from the faeces of benthic predators. At a broad semi‐quantitative level, the approach is useful to identify relative magnitudes of predation and temporal and spatial variability in predation.
One‐year prevalence of long‐term functional psychosis in three different areas of Uppsala

The 1‐year prevalence of long term functional psychoses (LFP) in Uppsala was found to be 0.73%, with a clear gradient from the central city area (0.87%) to the rural area (0.60%). The highest prevalence was found in the 35–54 years age group (1.01%), and the lowest prevalence in the 18–34 years age group (0.45%). There were no pronounced sex differences. The majority of the LFP patients were diagnosed as having schizophrenia. The 1‐year prevalence of schizophrenia was 0.42%, with a clear gradient from the central city area to the rural area (0.53%, 0.44% and 0.30%, respectively). The same gradient was not observed with regard to the other diagnostic subgroups relating to LFP.
Role of Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Malondialdehyde & serum Iron in Anemic Tuberculosis Patients

The role of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha, Malondialdehyde and serum Iron in inducing anemia in Tuberculosis patients was studied. The present study was conducted in the De-partment of Biochemistry, Shri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore. The study comprised of sixty-eight anemic pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Levels of Hemoglobin, Iron, TIBC, Ferritin, MDA & TNF α were analyzed in all of them. The inflammatory pa-rameters TNF α & Ferritin along with oxidative marker malondialdehyde were found to be increased in anemic tuberculosis patient and levels of Hb, iron & TIBC was decreased. Overall correlation shows that the levels of Hb, Iron & TIBC were negatively correlated to the levels of Ferritin, MDA & TNF α. Ferritin was negatively correlated with Iron (r = -0.261, p<0.05) & showed a positive correlation with MDA. (r = 0.304, p < 0.05). For Ferritin & TNF α correlation was positive, it was not significant (r = 0.114, NS). There was a positive significant correlation between Iron & TIBC. (r = 0.666, p<0.01) & a negative significant correlation between the TNF α levels and the hemoglobin concentration (r = -.273, p<0.05). Hypoferremia was induced as a consequence of inflammatory response and action of free radicals in anemic tuberculosis patients
Testing for Monotonicity in Expected Asset Returns

Many postulated relations in finance imply that expected asset returns strictly increase in an underlying characteristic. To examine the validity of such a claim, one needs to take the entire range of the characteristic into account, as is done in the recent proposal of Patton and Timmermann (2010). But their test is only a test for the direction of monotonicity, since it requires the relation to be monotonic from the outset: either weakly decreasing under the null or strictly increasing under the alternative. When the relation is non-monotonic or weakly increasing, the test can break down and falsely ‘establish’ a strictly increasing relation with high probability. We offer some alternative tests that do not share this problem. The behavior of the various tests is illustrated via Monte Carlo studies. We also present empirical applications to real data.
A Widely Conserved Gene Cluster Required for Lactate Utilization in Bacillus subtilis and Its Involvement in Biofilm Formation

ABSTRACT We report that catabolism of l-lactate in Bacillus subtilis depends on the previously uncharacterized yvfV-yvfW-yvbY (herein renamed lutABC) operon, which is inferred to encode three iron-sulfur-containing proteins. The operon is under the dual control of a GntR-type repressor (LutR, formerly YvfI) and the master regulator for biofilm formation SinR and is induced during growth in response to l-lactate. Operons with high similarity to lutABC are present in the genomes of a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, raising the possibility that LutABC is a widely conserved and previously unrecognized pathway for the utilization of l-lactate or related metabolites.
A novel stop codon readthrough mechanism produces functional Headcase protein in Drosophila trachea

Translational regulation provides an efficient means to control the localization and production of proteins. The headcase (hdc) mRNA in Drosophila generates two overlapping proteins as a result of translational readthrough of an internal UAA stop codon. This readthrough event is necessary for the function of hdc as a branching inhibitor during tracheal development. By ectopic expression of different Hdc proteins in the trachea, we show that the long Hdc form alone, can function as a potent branching inhibitor whose activity is proportional to its amount. The suppression of termination in the hdc mRNA is not stop‐codon dependent, suggesting that the readthrough does not involve codon specific suppressors. We have identified an 80 nucleotide sequence immediately downstream of the UAA, which is necessary and sufficient to confer termination readthrough in a heterologous mRNA. We present a novel mechanism of eukaryotic translational termination suppression that may regulate the amount of functional Hdc.
Locus of Contr 1 Differences between American and Chinese Adoles ent Llan =

0 pools 04 romi Of eggriwitkletefed In thd OW& mint do not tt040100040 nivo.ssrM cap& Of Fn rscalMin gokcy -PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS SEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURC INFORMATION CENTER IERIDV ctual AchIevement Responsib onnaire (IAR) 94 American adolescents, half males and the other half females. A translated version of the IAR was administered to the f Chinese adolescents. The results showed that in comparison with Chinese adolescents, the Americans were mo internal in the attribution of their successes but more external in the attribution of their failures. Furthe internal in the attribution of their successes than their failures, while the opposite was true for Chinese adolescents. American subjects were more Locus of Contr 1 Differences between American and
ASA Grade and Elderly Patients With Femoral Neck Fracture

Purpose: This prospective study was designed to evaluate the effect of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) score on time to surgery, length of hospital stay, and 30-day mortality in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture. Methods: A total of 249 patients admitted with femoral neck fracture were included in the study. Mean age was 84 years (95% confidence interval 83 to 85). Two patients were ASA I, 110 patients were ASA II, 125 were ASA III, and 12 were ASA IV. Results: The mean time to surgery was 18.9 hours for ASA I patients, 34.4 hours for ASA II patients, 42.8 hours for ASA III patients, and 61 hours for ASA IV patients (P = .005). The mean hospital stay was 11.5 days (6.3-15.2) for ASA I patients, 17.6 days (4.2-98.8) for ASA II patients, 22.9 days (4.1-120.3) for ASA III patients, and 29 days (2.4-86.0) for ASA IV patients (P = .026); 85% of the patients who died within 30 days of admission were of ASA III-IV. Conclusion: Our study shows that patients with higher ASA score have delay in surgery, longer hospital stay, and increase in 30-day mortality. We conclude that ASA grade is a simple and effective tool to predict the above-mentioned outcomes in these patients.
Modified nanocrystalline cellulose from two kinds of modifiers used for improving formaldehyde emission and bonding strength of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive

In this study, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was used for increasing the bonding strength of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin adhesive, with a reduction of formaldehyde (HCHO) emissions. The surface of NCC was modified by 3-aminpropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) for the lack of compatibility with UF resin adhesive. The modified NCC was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and wetting property. HCHO emission and bonding strength of the UF resin adhesive with modified NCC were tested according to Chinese National Standards GB/T 17657-1999 and GB/T 9846-2004. The results of XRD, TG, and wetting property from NCC modified by APTES showed more significant improvements than that from NCC modified by MPS. The HCHO emission of UF resin adhesive with 1.5% NCC modified by APTES decreased by 53.2% and bonding strength increased by 23.6%, while the results from the NCC modified by MPS were 21.3% and 7.0%, respectively.