Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peanut agglutinin shows specificity for bone marrow plasma cells

Summary A panel of lectins was used to study surface carbohydrate expression on myeloma cells with the aim of finding a possible agent for in vitro bone marrow purging. Peanut agglutinin (PNA, galactose β1,3 n‐acetylgalactosamine‐binding) bound to all plasma cells in 33/34 bone marrow samples from myeloma patients and to all plasma cells in 11 bone marrows from patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and 10 normal bone marrow samples. Bone marrow and peripheral blood monocytes reacted weakly with PNA except in one case of acute monoblastic leukaemia and two of chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia in which monocytes were strongly positive. The only case of plasma cell leukaemia studied was PNA negative. All other bone marrow mononuclear cells were negative for PNA but became positive after sialidase treatment. Peanut agglutinin may have potential as an agent to be used in myeloma for in vitro marrow purging prior to autologous transplantation in combination with high dose chemotherapy.
Magnetic gating of a 2D topological insulator

Deterministic control of transport properties through manipulation of spin states is one of the paradigms of spintronics. Topological insulators offer a new playground for exploring interesting spin-dependent phenomena. Here, we consider a ferromagnetic ‘gate’ representing a magnetic adatom coupled to the topologically protected edge state of a two-dimensional (2D) topological insulator to modulate the electron transmission of the edge state. Due to the locked spin and wave vector of the transport electrons the transmission across the magnetic gate depends on the mutual orientation of the adatom magnetic moment and the current. If the Fermi energy matches an exchange-split bound state of the adatom, the electron transmission can be blocked due to the full back scattering of the incident wave. This antiresonance behavior is controlled by the adatom magnetic moment orientation so that the transmission of the edge state can be changed from 1 to 0. Expanding this consideration to a ferromagnetic gate representing a 1D chain of atoms shows a possibility to control the spin-dependent current of a strip of a 2D topological insulator by magnetization orientation of the ferromagnetic gate.
Systemic Effects of Vaginally Administered Estrogen Therapy: A Review

Hormone therapy was considered the standard of care before the publication of the Women's Health Initiative. After the study was published, the use of systemic hormone therapy dramatically decreased resulting in an increased incidence of menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and dyspareunia experienced by women. Use of vaginal estrogen offers women a unique alternative for relief of these symptoms. This article reviews the systemic effects of vaginally administered estrogen. Effects on serum hormone levels, vasomotor symptoms, lipid profiles, and use in women with breast cancer are reviewed. An accompanying review (J Pelvic Med Surg. 2009;15:105–114.) examines the local effects of vaginally administered estrogen.
Chemotherapy and management of tuberculosis in the United Kingdom: recommendations of the Joint Tuberculosis Committee of the British Thoracic Society.

The number of notified cases of tuberculosis in Britain has fallen over the last 10 years but the disease still causes appreciable morbidity and mortality. ' 2 There have been major changes in the staffing of thoracic medicine over the same period since the retirement of many physicians with long experience of tuberculosis. The treatment of tuberculosis depends not only on the correct prescription of effective chemotherapy regimens but also on the patient's compliance with treatment. Several studies have shown that when treatment is not supervised by thoracic physicians prescription errors and excessive or inadequate treatment occur in an appreciable proportion of patients.5 The patient's compliance is a major determinant of the success of drug treatment, and is more likely to be achieved if the most effective and shortest regimens are prescribed correctly, with treatment monitored, and adjusted if necessary, by an experienced physician. Recent studies have shown problems of compliance and default (10O,,) and drug toxicity (10°O) in adult patients in England and Wales.6 In view of the development of effective short course regimens and major changes in the staffing of the services that provide tuberculosis treatment, the Joint Tuberculosis Committee of the British Thoracic Society believes that it is now opportune to issue guidelines for the management of tuberculosis in the United Kingdom. Guidelines have been published recently by the American Thoracic Society7 and by the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases.8 The committee considers that treatment of all cases of adult pulmonary tuberculosis should be supervised by physicians in thoracic medicine, and that the drug treatment of all forms of adult non-pulmonary tuberculosis should at the very least be supervised in conjunction with a thoracic physician. The treatment of children should be shared by a paediatrician and a thoracic physician.
[Effect of metal ions Co2+ and Cr3+ on osteoblast apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and secretion of alkaline phosphatase].

OBJECTIVE Metal wear products cause the aseptic loosening of joint prosthesis. To investigate the effect of metal ions Co2+ and Cr3 on the osteoblast apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and secretion of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and to search a method to prevent and treat aseptic loosening. METHODS The mouse calvarial osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) were cultured in vitro to 3-5 generations (5 x 10(5) cells/mL) and divided into 2 groups: the experimental group and the control group. The osteoblasts were cultured in alpha-MEM medium containing 10% FBS (the control group), and the mixed solution of CoCl2 and CrCl was added after the osteoblasts cultured in alpha-MEM medium containing 10%FBS attached completely (the experimental group). At 12, 24, and 48 hours after culture, the osteoblast apoptosis and the cell cycle distribution were assessed by flow cytometry; and ELISA method was applied to detect ALP content in serum supernatant. RESULTS At 12, 24, and 48 hours after culture, the apoptosis rates in the experimental group (13.90% +/- 0.52%, 14.80% +/- 0.41%, and 13.40% +/- 0.26%) were significantly higher than those in the control group (8.56% +/- 0.31%, 8.19% +/- 0.24%, and 2.15% +/- 0.11%), (P < 0.05); G2M (dividing phase) distribution ratio significantly decreased and G0G1 (dormancy stage) distribution ratio significantly increased when compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05); and the absorbency (A) values of ALP were 0.955 +/- 0.052, 0.624 +/- 0.041, and 0.498 +/- 0.026 in the experimental group, and were 1.664 +/- 0.041, 1.986 +/- 0.024, and 2.192 +/- 0.041 in the control group, showing significant differences between 2 groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Metal ions Co2+ and Cr3+ have a marked effect on osteoblasts cell cycle distribution, which can make most of the cells to be in dormancy stage (G0G1), up-regulate the apoptosis rate and inhibit the releasing of ALP from osteoblasts.
PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITY OF PHYSICIANS.

Physician health, both physical and mental, is an area of continuing interest and concern. From 1956 through 1963, 93 physicians were admitted to our in-patient psychiatric service. The spectrum of psychiatric illness in the group included organic brain syndromes (uncommonly), psychoses, psychoneurotic disorders, and personality pattern disturbances; alcoholism and drug addiction were fairly common. The physician-patient group is representative of the distribution of physicians by practice in our present-day society. Treatment in most instances consisted of psychotherapy, medication, and a supportive environment; electroconvulsive therapy was used in 18 cases.
Physiological Profile of Asian Elite Youth Soccer Players

Wong, DP and Wong, SHS. Physiological profile of Asian elite youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 23(5): 1383-1390, 2009-The purposes of this study were to provide information about the physiological characteristics of Asian elite youth soccer players (a) for strength and conditioning specialists to design training program based on players' physiological characteristics and b) for coach to design an appropriate play tactic. Sixteen Chinese elite youth male players (height: 173 ± 5.2 cm; weight: 64.2 ± 8.1 kg; and age: 16.2 ± 0.6 years) from the U-17 national team participated in the following tests in the current study: (a) maximal vertical jump, (b) isokinetic muscular strength tests of knee joint at angular velocities of 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300°·s−1, (c) maximal oxygen consumption (&OV0312;o2max), (d) 1 repetition maximum (1RM) strength test, and (e) 30-m sprint. Compared with European and African players, Asian youth players have less jump height and shorter body height. They also have poor performance in isokinetic muscular strength of quadriceps and hamstrings (especially at high speed), &OV0312;o2max, 1RM strength test, sprint starts, and 20- to 30-m sprints. A specialized training in jumping performance, high-speed movement, muscular strength at high contraction speed, endurance running, short distance sprint (i.e., 5 m), and 20- to 30-m sprints are recommended for Asian elite youth soccer players (or players with similar physique and ability).
Cytokines in Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Role in Eosinophilia and Aspirin-exacerbated Respiratory Disease.

RATIONALE The mechanisms that underlie the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) are not clear. OBJECTIVES To first evaluate the inflammatory profiles of CRSsNP and CRSwNP tissues and then to investigate whether clinical differences observed between CRSwNP and AERD are in part secondary to differences in inflammatory mediator expression within nasal polyp (NP) tissues. METHODS Expression levels of numerous inflammatory mediators were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, ELISA, and multiplex immunoassay. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS CRSwNP NP had increased levels of type 2 mediators, including IL-5 (P < 0.001), IL-13 (P < 0.001), eotaxin-2 (P < 0.001), and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-4 (P < 0.01), compared with sinonasal tissue from subjects with CRSsNP and control subjects. Expression of IFN-γ messenger RNA or protein was low and not different among the chronic rhinosinusitis subtypes examined. Compared with CRSwNP, AERD NP had elevated protein levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) (P < 0.001), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (P < 0.01), and MCP-1 (P = 0.01), as well as decreased gene expression of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) (P = 0.02). Despite the higher eosinophilia in AERD, there was no associated increase in type 2 mediator protein levels observed. CONCLUSIONS CRSwNP was characterized by a predominant type 2 inflammatory environment, whereas CRSsNP did not reflect a classic type 1 milieu, as has been suggested previously. AERD can be distinguished from CRSwNP by elevated ECP levels, but this enhanced eosinophilia is not associated with elevations in traditional type 2 inflammatory mediators associated with eosinophil proliferation and recruitment. However, other factors, including GM-CSF, MCP-1, and tPA, may be important contributors to AERD pathogenesis.
Comparison of gefitinib and docetaxel in patients with pretreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Meta-analysis from four clinical trials.

8011 Background: Four open-label, randomized trials evaluated gefitinib (G) vs docetaxel (D) in unselected patients with pre-treated advanced NSCLC: INTEREST (Lancet 2008; 372: 1809), V-15-32 (J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 4244), ISTANA (J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: Abs 8025), SIGN (Anticancer Drugs 2006; 17: 401). Reported here is a meta-analysis using the patient data from each of these trials. METHODS The meta-analysis compared efficacy of G (250 mg/day) and D (75 mg/m2 [V-15-32 60 mg/m2]) using appropriate analysis populations from INTEREST (1466 patients randomized), V-15-32 (489), ISTANA (161) and SIGN (141). Meta-analyses (unadjusted and adjusted for covariates) were performed by Cox proportional hazards for OS and PFS, and by logistic regression for ORR. RESULTS G demonstrated similar OS and PFS and superior ORR to D in the primary analyses. Secondary analyses demonstrated similar results. CONCLUSIONS Results were consistent with those of the individual studies. Given the similar/superior efficacy demonstrated by G, its favorable tolerability profile, quality of life benefits and oral administration, G has a favorable benefit-risk profile compared with D in a broad pre-treated advanced NSCLC patient population. [Table: see text] [Table: see text].
Aspectos da biologia de Digitaria insularis resistente ao glyphosate e implicações para o seu controle

O capim-amargoso ( Digitaria insularis ) e uma planta perene que tem a capacidade de emergir e se desenvolver praticamente o ano inteiro nas condicoes climaticas brasileiras. Uma vez estabelecida com a formacao de rizomas, a dificuldade de controle dessa especie aumenta muito. Com a recente confirmacao da existencia de biotipos resistentes a glyphosate os problemas se agravaram e o conhecimento da biologia dessa especie e fundamental na elaboracao de estrategias para o manejo quimico do capim-amargoso. A presenca dessa especie deve ser monitorada nas lavouras durante a safra, safrinha e entressafra, pois o descaso com a ocorrencia dessa planta na lavoura pode levar a um forte aumento na populacao de D. insularis e consequentemente a serios prejuizos na produtividade e aumento nos custos de producao.
Interactions between Planktonic Microalgae and Protozoan Grazers1

Abstract For an algal bloom to develop, the growth rate of the bloom-forming species must exceed the sum of all loss processes. Among these loss processes, grazing is generally believed to be one of the more important factors. Based on numerous field studies, it is now recognized that microzooplankton are dominant consumers of phytoplankton in both open ocean and coastal waters. Heterotrophic protists, a major component of microzooplankton communities, constitute a vast complex of diverse feeding strategies and behavior which allow them access to even the larger phytoplankton species. A number of laboratory studies have shown the capability of different protistan species to feed and grow on bloom-forming algal species. Because of short generation times, their ability for fast reaction to short-term variation in food conditions enables phagotrophic protists to fulfill the function of a heterotrophic buffer, which might balance the flow of matter in case of phytoplankton blooms. The importance of grazing as a control of microalgae becomes most apparent by its failure; if community grazing controls initial stages of bloom development, there simply is no bloom. However, if a certain algal species is difficult to graze, e.g. due to specific defense mechanisms, reduced grazing pressure will certainly favor bloom development. The present contribution will provide a general overview on the interactions between planktonic microalgae and protozoan grazers with special emphasis on species-specific interactions and algal defense strategies against protozoan grazers.
Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anticarcinogenic Properties of Egyptian Guava Seed Extracts

Guava seeds waste not yet used for any beneficial purpose, while the proximate composition of defatted guava seeds meal contain 11.52% protein, 0.54% oil and 79.62% crude fiber. Extraction of total phenolic compounds (TP) from guava seed meal was optimized using ethanol, methanol, acetone or iso-propanol, at different meal:solvent (M:S) ratios. Extraction TP from meal by using 80% acetone was higher than those extracted by other solvents, where TP reached to 91.05 mg TP/100g meal at 1:20 (M:S ratio). Two methods were carried out to determine antioxidant activity of guava seeds meal, the first was Free Radical Scavenging Activity (FRSA) using Diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). All extracts at 1:15 and 1:20 M:S ratios exhibited greater scavenging activity than those extracted at 1:10 M:S ratio. The same trend was also observed by using the second method of β- carotene bleaching assay, where the ratios of 1:15 and 1:20 M:S gave extracts characterized with its higher antioxidant activity (99.17-80.93%). The Highest AOA was achieved with acetone extract at 1:15, M:S ratio reaching 99.17%. Eight chosen guava meal extracts were tested for their antimicrobial activity (AMA) against five bacterial strains. The bacterial strains included: E.coli 0157:H7 ATCC 51659, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13565, Bacillus cereus EMCC 1080, Listeria monocytogenes EMCC 1875 and Salmonella typhimurium ATCC25566. The overall results indicated that, different bacteria species were affected by guava seed meal extracts. One chosen guava seed meal phenolic extract namely: 80% ethanol at 1:15 M:S ratio extract has been evaluated as a chemo-preventive agents. This was established by testing the ethanolic guava meal extract (EGME) for any cytotoxic activity against some types of human tumor cell. The obtained results indicate that, EGME possess potential anticarcinogenic properties. Chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid and O-coumaric acid were identified in EGME at 1:15 (M:S) ratio by using HPLC. The results showed that, guava seed is a very promising source of bioactive compounds. It is a very potential source of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic compounds. (Gamal F. Mohamed, Samira S. Mohamed and Fakhriya S. Taha. Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anticarcinogenic Properties of Guava Seed Extracts). Nature and Science 2011; 9(11):32-41). (ISSN: 1545-0740). http://www.sciencepub. net. Keyword: Guava Seeds - total phenolic compounds - Antioxidant - Antimicrobial - Anticarcinogenic.
On design of flexible neuro-fuzzy systems for nonlinear modelling

Abstract In this work, we consider the flexible neuro-fuzzy systems of the Mamdani-type. When designing such systems to solve approximation problem, we should choose triangular norms used in inference and aggregation operators. This can be done by trial and error. In this work, we propose an algorithm that allows in an automatic way to choose the types of triangular norms in the learning process. The task of this algorithm is also an automatic selection of parameters of all functions describing the system. The algorithm uses an evolutionary strategy for its action and has been tested using well-known approximation benchmarks.
An acoustic analysis of Sylheti phonemes

This paper examines the acoustic properties of Sylheti phonemes. Sylheti is generally regarded as one of the varieties of Bangla. The historical development of this language witnessed significant reduction and reconstruction of its phoneme inventory. The phoneme inventory is considerably reduced due to the phonological process of deaspiration [+spread glottis], spirantization and deaffrication (Gope & Mahanta, 2014). We conducted an acoustic experiment and measured the voiced onset time (VOT) of all the voiced stops. The result of one-way ANOVA did not show any significant interaction among the obstruents in terms of aspiration (p > 0.05, [F (1, 359) = 0.095, p = 0.76)]. In a separate experiment, we examined the acoustic qualities of Sylheti vowels. Results confirm the presence of 5 vowels in Sylheti. A one way ANOVA confirmed significance effect on vowel quality in terms of duration [F (4, 600) = 57.77, p = 0.00] and (first three) formants values.
Filtering and Identification of Interest Rate Model with Stochastic Volatility

We consider the dynamics of forward rate process which is modeled by the parabolic type infinite-dimensional factor model with stochastic volatility. Before using this model to the portfolio construction problem, we need to estimate the parameters included in this parabolic model. Usually this identification is performed by using the yield curve as the observation data. In this paper, we propose the filtering and identification method for the parabolic type factor model by using the maximum likelihood technique.
Circulating levels of active ghrelin is associated with abdominal adiposity, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the circulating level of active ghrelin and abdominal adiposity, serum levels of insulin or insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. DESIGN We measured the plasma levels of the active form of ghrelin in 18 obese and 18 nonobese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit. Body fat accumulation was measured by computed tomography (CT) and insulin resistance by the glucose infusion rate (GIR) during an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp study. RESULTS Plasma levels of ghrelin in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were significantly decreased compared with nonobese patients. There were significant correlations between the plasma levels of ghrelin and BMI (r=-0.505, P<0.01), visceral (r=-0.444, P<0.01), subcutaneous (r=-0.506, P<0.01) and total (r=-0.534, P<0.01) fat area, serum levels of insulin (r=-0.513, P<0.01) or GIR (r=0.478, P<0.01) in type 2 diabetic patients. The plasma level of ghrelin was significantly associated with serum levels of insulin (F=8.468, P<0.05) or GIR (F=8.522, P<0.05) after adjustment for BMI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS Decreased plasma levels of active ghrelin are significantly associated with abdominal adiposity, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients. Hyperinsulinemia associated with insulin resistance may suppress plasma levels of active ghrelin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
How Europe's economies learn: a comparison of work organization and innovation mode for the EU-15

This article explores the link between the organization of work and innovation by developing national aggregate indicators for the EU member states of organizational forms and innovation modes (how firms innovate). The organizational indicators are constructed from the Third European Survey of Working Conditions results for 8081 salaried employees in 2000. The innovation mode indicators are calculated using the results of the third Community Innovation Survey (CIS-3) for innovation activities between 1998 and 2000. The analysis shows that in nations where work is organized to support high levels of discretion in solving complex problems firms tend to be more active in terms of innovations developed through their in-house creative efforts. In countries where learning and problem solving on the job are more constrained, and little discretion is left to the employee, firms tend to engage in a supplier-dominated innovation strategy. Their technological renewal depends more on the absorption of innovations developed elsewhere. These patterns remain when we divide the economies into manufacturing and services. The results suggest that in order to understand national systems of innovation, it is necessary to bring the mode of organization of work into the analysis. Early conceptions of national innovation systems were built upon an analysis of interactive learning between producers and users. Now the analysis needs to be founded also on an understanding of how people interact and learn at the workplace in different national economies. The results also suggest that European policy efforts to improve innovation performance as part of the revised Lisbon strategy would benefit from a stronger focus on the diffusion of innovative forms of work organization. A step in this direction would be to develop indicators of work organization that could be directly linked to innovation performance.