Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Problem-Solving Skills Training for Mothers of Children with Newly Diagnosed Cancer: A Randomized Trial

ABSTRACT. Mothers of children with serious illnesses have lower levels of well-being than mothers in the general population. Problem-solving therapy (PST), a cognitive-behavioral intervention, has been shown to be effective in treating negative affectivity (depression, anxiety) and other manifestations of reduced well-being. This report describes a problem-solving skills training (PSST) intervention, based on problem-solving therapy, for mothers of newly diagnosed pediatric cancer patients. Ninety-two mothers were randomly assigned to receive PSST or to receive standard psychosocial care (Control Group). After the 8-week intervention, mothers in the PSST Group had significantly enhanced problem-solving skills and significantly decreased negative affectivity compared with controls. Analysis revealed that changes in self-reports of problem-solving behaviors accounted for 40% of the difference in mood scores between the two groups. Interestingly, PSST had the greatest impact on improving constructive problem solving, whereas improvement in mood was most influenced by decreases in dysfunctional problem solving. The implications of these findings for refinement of the PSST intervention and for extension to other groups of children with serious illnesses are discussed.
"Leaning Against the Wind" Leads to a Higher (Not Lower) Household Debt-to-GDP Ratio ∗

“Leaning against the wind” — a tighter monetary policy than necessary for stabilizing inflation around the inflation target and unemployment around a long-run sustainable rate — has been justified as a way of reducing household indebtedness. But, under realistic assumptions, it actually has the opposite effect; it leads to higher real household debt and a higher household debt-to-GDP ratio. The reason is that a tighter policy than a baseline induces a relatively slow fall below the baseline of total nominal (mortgage) debt but a faster fall in the nominal price level and nominal GDP. There is thenfirst a rise in real debt and the debt-to-GDP ratio relative to the baseline, a rise that is almost as large and as fast as the fall in the price level and nominal GDP. Then, real debt and the debt-to-GDP ratio slowly fall back to the baseline during a few additional years. Therefore, “leaning against the wind” as a way of reducing the household debt-to-GDP ratio is counterproductive.
On the Definition of Power in an Electrical System

The definitions of power and related quantities, such as apparent power and reactive power, in sinusoidal and nonsinusoidal situations are reviewed. These definitions are compared with the physical mechanisms for the transfer of power in an electrical circuit by means of the Poynting vector. Real power flows into and out of resistors; inductors and capacitors are used to provide new definitions for the fundamental power quantities. These definitions do not rely upon the statistical root mean square and Fourier concepts normally used. New power equations are developed, defining real, reactive, and apparent power. These definitions are more exact and easier to use than definitions based upon harmonic analysis
Changes in Tinnitus after Cochlear Implantation and Its Relation with Psychological Functioning

This study retrospectively assessed the prevalence of tinnitus in cochlear implant patients and the changes after implantation in 212 patients implanted between 2000 and 2009. Patients were included at least 6 months after implantation and received 2 sets of questionnaires, one about the situation before implantation and one about the situation after implantation. Mostly standardized questionnaires assessed tinnitus handicap (Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, THI, and Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire, THQ), tinnitus characteristics, hearing loss (Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit) and anxiety/depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Of the approached patients, 117 completed the full sets of questionnaires and 35 completed a short version. Preoperative tinnitus was reported by 51.3% of these patients, of which 55.6% reported a reduction or cessation of their tinnitus after implantation. However, 8.2% of the patients with tinnitus reported a postoperative deterioration of their tinnitus. In addition, among the patients without preoperative tinnitus, 19.6% reported the start of tinnitus after implantation. The self-reported change of tinnitus correlated with the pre- and postoperative scores on the THI and THQ. The THQ showed slightly more changes in scores after cochlear implantation compared to the THI. Overall hearing handicap and feelings of anxiety and depression decreased after implantation. In conclusion, tinnitus is reduced after cochlear implantation in an important part of the patients, but in a small part implantation has a negative effect on tinnitus. When tinnitus starts after implantation, the tinnitus handicap is mild.
Serotonin neurons of the midbrain raphe: Ascending projections

The ascending projections of serotonin neurons of the midbrain raphe were analyzed in the rat using the autoradiographic tracing method. Axons of raphe serotonin neurons ascend in the ventral tegmental area and enter the medial forebrain bundle. A number of fibers leave the major group to ascend along the fasciculus retroflexus. Some fibers enter the habenula but the majority turn rostrally in the internal medullary lamina of the thalamus to innervate dorsal thalamus. Two additional large projections leave the medial forebrain bundle in the hypothalamus; the ansa peduncularis‐ventral amygdaloid bundle system turns laterally through the internal capsule into the striatal complex, amygdala and the external capsule to reach lateral and posterior cortex, and another system of fibers turns medially to innervate medial hypothalamus and median eminence and form a contralateral projection via the supraoptic commissures. Rostrally the major group in the medial forebrain bundle divides into several components: fibers entering the stria medullaris to terminate in thalamus; fibers entering the stria terminalis to terminate in the amygdala; fibers traversing the fornix to the hippocampus; fibers running through septum to enter the cingulum and terminate in dorsal and medial cortex and in hippocampus; fibers entering the external capsule to innervate rostral and lateral cortex; and fibers continuing forward in the medial olfactory stria to terminate in the anterior olfactory nucleus and olfactory bulb.
Submental intubation in oral maxillofacial surgery: review of the literature and analysis of 13 cases.

OBJECTIVES Various different methods of intubation are suitable for facial trauma cases. A choice often has to be made between orotracheal and nasotracheal when surgical access to the nasal or oral cavity is necessary. This work presents our current experience using submental intubation in the airway management of facial trauma patients. STUDY DESIGN From July 2003 to February 2005, 13 sufferers from facial trauma benefited from submental intubation. All the patients were males and the ages ranged from 19 to 35 years (mean, 27 years). RESULTS In all the patients, the submental intubation permitted simultaneous reduction and fixation of all fractures and intraoperative control of the dental occlusion without interference from the tube during the operation. There was only one intra-operative complication, when the tracheal pressure increased as a result of deviation and compression of the tube. No post-operative complications were reported. CONCLUSION Submental intubation is a simple, secure and effective procedure for operative airway control in major maxillofacial traumas.
Surgical Trauma and Postoperative Immune Dysfunction

Background: In postoperative sepsis, mortality is increased due to the surgically induced immune dysfunction. Further causes of this traumatic effect on the immune system include burn injuries and polytrauma, as well as endogenous traumata like stroke. Several animal models have been defined to analyse the characteristics of trauma-induced immune suppression. This article will correlate our results from animal studies and clinical observations with the recent literature on postoperative immune suppression. Methods: The previously described model of surgically induced immune dysfunction (SID) was performed in mice by laparotomy and manipulation of the small intestine in the antegrade direction. Blood samples were collected 6 and 72 h following SID to analyse the white blood cell count and corticosterone levels. To assess the postoperative immune status in humans, we analysed expression of HLA-DR on monocytes of 118 patients by flow cytometry prior to and 24, 48 and 72 h after surgery. Results: The postoperative immune suppression in our SID model is characterised by lymphocytopenia and significantly increased corticosterone levels in mice dependent on the degree of surgical trauma. This is comparable to the postoperative situation in humans: major and especially long-lasting surgery results in a significantly reduced expression of HLA-DR on circulating monocytes. Previous studies describe a similar situation following burn injury and endogenous trauma, i.e. stroke. Conclusions: We suggest the completion of our previously published sepsis classification due to the immune status at the onset of sepsis: type A as the spontaneously acquired sepsis and type B as sepsis in trauma-induced pre-existing immune suppression.
Collecting Lymphatic Vessel Permeability Facilitates Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Distribution of Antigen to Lymph Node–Homing Adipose Tissue Dendritic Cells

Collecting lymphatic vessels (CLVs), surrounded by fat and endowed with contractile muscle and valves, transport lymph from tissues after it is absorbed into lymphatic capillaries. CLVs are not known to participate in immune responses. In this study, we observed that the inherent permeability of CLVs allowed broad distribution of lymph components within surrounding fat for uptake by adjacent macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) that actively interacted with CLVs. Endocytosis of lymph-derived Ags by these cells supported recall T cell responses in the fat and also generated Ag-bearing DCs for emigration into adjacent lymph nodes (LNs). Enhanced recruitment of DCs to inflammation-reactive LNs significantly relied on adipose tissue DCs to maintain sufficient numbers of Ag-bearing DCs as the LN expanded. Thus, CLVs coordinate inflammation and immunity within adipose depots and foster the generation of an unexpected pool of APCs for Ag transport into the adjacent LN.
[Clinical characteristics of clear cell carcinoma of the ovary].

OBJECTIVE To study the clinical characteristics of clear cell carcinoma of the ovary. METHODS Forty three patients with clear cell carcinoma of the ovary and 51 patients with serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary who were admitted in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 1984 to 2000 were analyzed retrospectively, and their chemosensitivities and the survival rates were compared. RESULTS The percentage of early stage patients in the clear cell carcinoma of the ovary and the serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary was 14.4% and 3.8% respectively, the difference was significant (P < 0.005). In the late stage patients who underwent satisfactory cytoreductive surgery, the chemo-resistant rate (88.9%) in the clear cell carcinoma of the ovary was significantly higher than that (57.1%) of the serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary (P < 0.02), the 1-year survival rate (79.0%) in the clear cell carcinoma of the ovary was significantly lower than that (96.2%) of the serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary (P < 0.01). In the late stage patients who underwent unsatisfactory cytoreductive surgery, the chemo-resistant rate and the survival rate had no significant difference between the clear cell carcinoma of the ovary and the serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS There are more early stage patients with clear cell carcinoma of the ovary. We should conduct auxiliary therapy and close follow up to them after surgery. Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary is chemo-resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy and has poor prognosis.
Measuring Credibility Perceptions in CSR Communication: A Scale Development to Test Readers’ Perceived Credibility of CSR Reports

Credibility is central to communication but often jeopardized by “credibility gaps. ” This is especially true for communication about corporate social responsibility (CSR). To date, no tool has been available to analyze stakeholders’ credibility perceptions of CSR communication. This article presents a series of studies conducted to develop a scale to assess the perceived credibility of CSR reports, one of CSR communication’s most important tools. The scale provides a novel operationalization of credibility using validity claims of Habermas’s ideal speech situation as subdimensions. The scale development process, carried out in five studies including a literature review, a Delphi study, and three validation studies applying confirmatory factor analysis, resulted in the 16-item Perceived Credibility (PERCRED) scale. The scale shows convergent, discriminant, concurrent, and nomological validity and is the first validated measure for analyzing credibility perceptions of CSR reports.
Age‐dependent effect of plasma nitric oxide on parasite density in Ghanaian children with severe malaria

Nitric oxide (NO) has toxic properties against Plasmodium falciparum. While high blood levels have been associated with protection against severe malarial disease, they may also contribute to the pathophysiology of cerebral malaria and severe anaemia. Promoter variants in the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene have been shown to influence NO concentrations and disease manifestation. However, findings are conflicting. We examined associations of plasma NO metabolites (NOx) with symptoms of severe malaria, particularly malarial anaemia and cerebral malaria, and with iNOS promoter variants. In 210 Ghanaian children with severe malaria, we measured plasma nitrite, nitrate, and S‐nitrosothiol, and genotyped the iNOS promoter variants −954G→C, −1173C→T, and the −2.5 kb (CCTTT)n microsatellite. NOx levels decreased with age. In young children (<24 months), high NOx was associated with reduced parasite density. This was not seen in patients of 24–48 months of age and reversed in older children. Subgroup analysis revealed that in children with severe anaemia but without cerebral involvement (prostration, impaired consciousness, convulsions), high NOx levels correlated with low parasitaemia (P = 0.02). In these children, elevated NOx levels were also associated with the iNOS−954C→T/(CCTTT)8 haplotype (P = 0.03). No association between NOx or iNOS genotypes and cerebral malaria was observed. Our findings suggest that in young children with severe malaria NOx reduces parasitaemia. This effect wanes at higher ages and may reflect a predominance of unspecific immune responses to infection in early childhood. This finding may have importance for the understanding of associations between iNOS variants and severe malaria in regions of differing disease manifestation.
The Preventive Effect of the Nordic Hamstring Exercise on Hamstring Injuries in Amateur Soccer Players

Background: Hamstring injuries are the most common muscle injuries in soccer, and they have a high rate of recurrence. Eccentric hamstrings strength is recognized as an important modifiable risk factor. This led to the development of prevention exercises such as the nordic hamstring exercise (NHE). The effectiveness of the NHE on hamstring injury prevention has never been investigated in amateur soccer. Purpose: To investigate the preventive effect of the NHE on the incidence and severity of hamstring injuries in male amateur soccer players. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Male amateur soccer players (age, mean ± SD, 24.5 ± 3.8 years) from 40 teams were randomly allocated to an intervention (n = 20 teams, 292 players) or control group (n = 20 teams, 287 players). The intervention group was instructed to perform 25 sessions of NHE in a 13-week period. Both the intervention and control groups performed regular soccer training and were followed for hamstring injury incidence and severity during the 2013 calendar year. At baseline, personal characteristics (eg, age, injury history, field position) were gathered from all participants via a questionnaire. Primary outcome was injury incidence. Secondary outcomes were injury severity and compliance with the intervention protocol. Results: A total of 38 hamstring injuries were recorded, affecting 36 of 579 players (6.2%). The overall injury incidence rate was 0.7 (95% CI, 0.6-0.8) per 1000 player hours, 0.33 (95% CI, 0.25-0.46) in training, and 1.2 (95% CI, 0.82-1.94) in matches. Injury incidence rates were significantly different between the intervention (0.25; 95% CI, 0.19-0.35) and control groups (0.8; 95% CI, 0.61-1.15), χ2(1, n = 579) = 7.865; P = . 005. The risk for hamstring injuries was reduced in the intervention group compared with the control group (odds ratio, 0.282; 95% CI, 0.110-0.721) and was statistically significant (P = .005). No statistically significant differences were identified between the intervention and control groups regarding injury severity. Compliance with the intervention protocol was 91%. Conclusion: Incorporating the NHE protocol in regular amateur training significantly reduces hamstring injury incidence, but it does not reduce hamstring injury severity. Compliance with the intervention was excellent.
Network meta-analysis of margin threshold for women with ductal carcinoma in situ.

BACKGROUND Negative margins are associated with reduced risk of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) for women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) treated with breast-conserving surgery (BCS). However, there is no consensus about the best minimum margin width. METHODS We searched the PubMed database for studies of DCIS published in English between January 1970 and July 2010 and examined the relationship between IBTR and margin status after BCS for DCIS. Women with DCIS were stratified into two groups, BCS with or without radiotherapy. We used frequentist and Bayesian approaches to estimate the odds ratios (OR) of IBTR for groups with negative margins and positive margins. We further examined specific margin thresholds using mixed treatment comparisons and meta-regression techniques. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS We identified 21 studies published in 24 articles. A total of 1066 IBTR events occurred in 7564 patients, including BCS alone (565 IBTR events in 3098 patients) and BCS with radiotherapy (501 IBTR events in 4466 patients). Compared with positive margins, negative margins were associated with reduced risk of IBTR in patients with radiotherapy (OR = 0.46, 95% credible interval [CrI] = 0.35 to 0.59), and in patients without radiotherapy (OR = 0.34, 95% CrI = 0.24 to 0.47). Compared with patients with positive margins, the risk of IBTR for patients with negative margins was smaller (negative margin >0 mm, OR = 0.45, 95% CrI = 0.38 to 0.53; >2 mm, OR = 0.38, 95% CrI = 0.28 to 0.51; >5 mm, OR = 0.55, 95% CrI = 0.15 to 1.30; and >10 mm, OR = 0.17, 95% CrI = 0.12 to 0.24). Compared with a negative margin greater than 2 mm, a negative margin of at least 10 mm was associated with a lower risk of IBTR (OR = 0.46, 95% CrI = 0.29 to 0.69). We found a probability of . 96 that a negative margin threshold greater than 10 mm is the best option compared with other margin thresholds. CONCLUSIONS Negative surgical margins should be obtained for DCIS patients after BCS regardless of radiotherapy. Within cosmetic constraint, surgeons should attempt to achieve negative margins as wide as possible in their first attempt. More studies are needed to understand whether margin thresholds greater than 10 mm are warranted.
Use of high-resolution melting curve analysis to identify Mycoplasma species commonly isolated from ruminant, avian, and canine samples

A real-time polymerase chain reaction assay coupled with high resolution melting curve analysis (PCR-HRM) was developed for identifying and distinguishing Mycoplasma species commonly isolated from ruminant, avian, and canine samples. The real-time PCR used 1 set of universal primers specific for the spacer region between the 16S ribosomal RNA and the 23S ribosomal RNA genes; the melting curve analysis of the PCR product used a high-resolution melt fluorescent dye. The real-time PCR-HRM assay was able to distinguish M. arginini, M. bovigenitalium, M. bovis, M. bovirhinis, M. canadense, M. cynos, M. spumans, M. iowae, M. meleagridis, and M. agalactiae reference strains. The real-time PCR-HRM assay developed was evaluated by testing field isolates of M. bovis, M. arginini, M. bovirhinis, M. bovigenitalium, M. iowae, and M. spumans with results consistent with those of the fluorescent antibody test.
Pengaruh Faktor Fundamental dan Makro Ekonomi Terhadap Harga Saham Pada Perusahaan Industri Properti di Bursa Efek Indonesia

The objective of this research is to empirically prove the influence of return on equity, debt to equity ratio, net profit margin, inflation, rate and interest rate Simultaneously and Partially on the stock price. The object of this research are 18 industrial property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange of research period of 2009 to 2012. The analytical method used is Multiple Linear Regression. The result of this research simultaneously indicates that return on equity, debt to equity ratio, net profit margin, inflation, rate, and interest rate influence the stock price. The research conducted partially indicates that net profit margin significantly influences the stock price. Return on equity, debt to equity ratio, inflation, rate, and interest rate do not influence the stock price. Keywords : Property Companies, Stock Price, Fundamental and Macro Economic Factors.
Assistive technology design and preliminary testing of a robot platform based on movement intention using low-cost brain computer interface

The process through which children learn about the world and develop perceptual, cognitive and motor skills relies heavily on object exploration in their physical world. New types of assistive technology that enable children with impairments to interact with their environment have emerged in recent years, and they could be beneficial for children's cognitive and perceptual skills development. Many studies have reported on brain computer interface (BCI) research. However, a conventional electroencephalography (EEG) system is generally bulky and expensive. It also requires special equipment and technical expertise to operate successfully. In this study, a compact low-cost EEG system was used to detect signals related to movement intention and control a mobile robot control. EEG signals of three non-disabled adults were acquired by the BCI system and the movement intention was classified during physical movement and motor imagery. The average classification accuracies achieved during testing were 56.4% for the motor imagery and 72.7% for the physical movement. The results show moderate classification accuracy for the motor imagery; however, the classification accuracy for the physical movement was high for all the subjects. Even though further improvement of the system is still needed, the experimental results demonstrated the feasibility of a BCI-based robotic system that is affordable and accessible for many people including children with disabilities.