Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Pattern of Non-communicable Diseases in Children in Jos, Nigeria

Aims: In most developing countries there is limited information on the burden of Non Communicable Diseases (NCD); even though recent findings in the developed world are predicting rapid transitions in these NCDs. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence and patterns of NCDs in children in Jos, Nigeria. Study Design: This is a retrospective review of children admitted with NCDs. Place and Duration of Study: Emergency Pediatric Unit (EPU) of Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH), Jos Nigeria between January 2012 and December 2012. Methodology: The study included 258 (150 males; 108 females; age ranged 1 month – 17 years) that were admitted with NCD (out of a total of 655 patients admitted from January to December 2012). Neonates and patients with inconclusive diagnoses were excluded. The bio-data and diagnosis of each patient was obtained and entered into Epi Info version 7.2. The categorical data Original Research Article Yiltok et al.; BJMMR, 19(5): 1-7, 2017; Article no.BJMMR. 30410 2 were analyzed using student t-test while continuous variables were analyzed with the chi-square test. P value of < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: Two hundred and fifty eight children of the 655 patients admitted during the period under review had NCDs giving a ratio of 0.7:1 compared to Communicable Diseases (CDs). The age group most affected was the 1 month 5 years with the commonest NCDs being sickle cell disease (37%), severe protein energy malnutrition (8.5%), seizure disorders (7.8%), congenital heart diseases (6.6%) and malignancies (6.6%). Conclusion: The burden of NCDs is great and on the rise even in the developing world and urgent measures need to be put in place if these trends are to be averted and children are to grow into healthy and productive adults.
Physical, chemical and microbiological qualities of dahi collected from Bogra and Mymensingh district of Bangladesh

The research work was carried out to evaluate the physical, chemical and microbiological qualities of dahi collected from different sources. In another step, cocci and rod ratio were investigated and microbial activities were also investigated by reactions in litmus milk. For this reason, dahi samples were collected from Bogra (Maharam Ali dahi-A, Rofat dahi-B, Jamuna Dahi-C) and Mymensingh district (Dayamoy-D, Misti Kanan-E, Krishna Kebin-F, BAU Dairy Farm Dahi-G, KR Market-H, Shes Moor-I). Physical tests were performed by a panel of expert judges. Chemical and microbiological parameters were tested in the Dairy Microbiology, Dairy Chemistry and Dairy Technology Laboratory of the Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. In case of overall physical score, the highest value was (95.33±1.53) found in BAU Dairy Farm dahi. Considering chemical parameters, pH value and fat content of BAU Dairy Farm dahi were higher than that of other dahi samples. So, BAU Dairy Farm dahi was of the best quality on the basis of physical and chemical analysis. In microbiological analysis, (total viable count and coliform count) significant differences were found among all samples. All samples contained lower number of coliforms. No yeast and mold was found in any dahi sample may be followed the hygienic practices. Litmus milk characteristics of the isolated cultures showed desirable changes such as acid, smooth and firm coagulation obtained from Maharam Ali dahi and BAU Dairy Farm Dahi types of dahi sample which contained possible organisms of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Considering all parameters, it can be concluded that BAU Dairy Farm dahi and Maharam Ali dahi were found as superior. In addition, this study gives information regarding the microbial status; e.g. cocci and rod ratio in the traditional fermented dahi of collected samples. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2016, 1 (1), 134-140
The relationship between epistemological beliefs and metacognitive thinking of gifted and non-gifted students

The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between epistemological beliefs and metacognitive thinking of gifted and non-gifted students. The research sample consists of two groups. The first group represents the gifted students, who were selected from the King Abdullah the Second Schools for Excellence in Irbid, Jordan; the other group represents non-gifted students selected from various ordinary schools in Irbid. The sample size of the first group was 166 students (91 students from level 10 and 75 students from level 11); the control group consisted of 110 students (54 students from level 10 and 56 students from level 11). In order to achieve the aim of this study, the researcher used the Schommer epistemological questionnaires adapted to the Jordanian environment as well as the Kawaldah Metacognitive Questionnaire scale (M.Q.S.) which was developed for the Jordanian environment. The researcher also used correlation coefficient and Z Fisheir test. The results of the study show that gifted and non-gifted students’ responses on the epistemological beliefs scores and Metacognitive Questionnaire scale fall within the degree of frequency and there was a significant correlation in the two domains (omniscient authority and palpable serial) in favor of the non-gifted students. [Wail Muil, Zaharah Hussin, Wan Hasmah Wan Mamat, Mohd Faisal Mohamed, Muhammad Azhar Zailani. The relationship between epistemological beliefs and metacognitive thinking of gifted and non-gifted students. J Am Sci 2013;9(10):313-319]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 41
Sub‐Therapeutic Antibiotics and the Efficiency of U.S. Hog Farms

A substantial share of U.S. hog producers incorporate antimicrobial drugs into their livestock's feed or water at sub-therapeutic levels to promote feed efficiency and weight gain. Recently, in response to concerns that the overuse of antibiotics in livestock could promote the development of antimicrobial drug-resistant bacteria, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration adopted a strategy to phase out the use of antibiotics for production purposes. This study uses a stochastic frontier model and data from the 2009 USDA Agricultural Resource Management Survey of feeder-to-finish hog producers to estimate the potential effects on hog output and output variability resulting from a ban on antibiotics used for growth promotion. We use propensity score nearest neighbor matching to create a balanced sample of sub-therapeutic antibiotic (STA) users and nonusers. We estimate the frontier model for the pooled sample and separately for users and non-users-which allows for a flexible interaction between STA use and the production technology. Point estimates for the matched sample indicate that STA use has a small positive effect on productivity and production risk, increasing output by 1.0-1.3% and reducing the standard deviation of unexplained output by 1.4%. The results indicate that improvements in productivity resulted exclusively from technological improvement rather than from an increase in technical efficiency.
Fabrication and Deterministic Transfer of High-Quality Quantum Emitters in Hexagonal Boron Nitride

Color centers in solid state crystals have become a frequently used system for single-photon generation, advancing the development of integrated photonic devices for quantum optics and quantum communication applications. In particular, defects hosted by two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) are a promising candidate for next-generation single-photon sources, due to its chemical and thermal robustness and high brightness at room temperature. The 2D crystal lattice of hBN allows for a high extraction efficiency and easy integration into photonic circuits. Here we develop plasma etching techniques with subsequent high-temperature annealing to reliably create defects. We show how different fabrication parameters influence the defect formation probability and the emitter brightness. A full optical characterization reveals the higher quality of the created quantum emitters, represented by a narrow spectrum, short excited state lifetime, and high single-photon purity. We also investigated the photos.
WHERE ARE THE MOST INTENSE THUNDERSTORMS ON EARTH

The instruments on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite have been observing storms as well as rainfall since December 1997. This paper shows the results of a systematic search through seven full years of the TRMM database to find indicators of uncommonly intense storms. These include strong (> 40 dBZ) radar echoes extending to great heights, high lightning flash rates, and very low brightness temperatures at 37 and 85 GHz. These are used as proxy variables, indicating powerful convective updrafts. The main physical principles supporting this assertion involve the effects of such updrafts in producing and lofting large ice particles high into the storm, where TRMM's radar easily detects them near storm top. TRMM's passive microwave radiometer detects the large integrated ice water path as very low brightness temperatures, while high lightning flash rates are a physically related but instrumentally independent indicator. The geographical locations of these very intense convective storms .
A study of attributes affecting selection of restaurants by selected customers

The dining which earlier used to be occasional, is fast catching up and setting as recourse to quick meals, entertainment, social gathering, family-outing etc. In India the plausible reasons for this trend are similar to world at large like increasing pattern of more women working outside the home, busier lifestyles and more disposable incomes. The present study proposes to reveal the customer preferences regarding restaurants where they wish to dine out. The study was carried out at six restaurants where 150 customers were interviewed. The study disclosed that almost 50-60 percent customers selected rest room, dining room, personal hygiene of the staff, knowledge of the server, personal attention and convenience of parking important while selecting restaurants. Many respondents preferred variety in the menu, attentive, friendly and helpful employees as an attribute in selection of restaurant for dinning.
Effects of CaCO3 and Kaolin Filler Loadings on Some Mechanical Properties of Poly Urethane Foams

In Nigeria, the foam industries basically use CaCO3 as filler in polyurethane (PU) foam manufacture. This has contributed to the high importation of this mineral, thereby, increasing dependency on imported goods. It is for this reason that, kaolin, a clay deposit commonly found on the upper Plateau in Central Nigeria is utilized as a potential filler in replacement or as a supplement for CaCO3.Various masses (0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14, and 16 g) of the fillers (CaCO3 or kaolin) were used in curing of PU foams and mechanical properties such as density, tensile strength, elongation at break, creep recovery and compression set were determined. Tensile strength values for CaCO3 and kaolin filled conventional polymer (CPO) are far higher than for CaCO3 and kaolin filled polymer polyol (PPO), generally. However, kaolin filled CPO foam display higher peaks at 2 g and 4 g compared to CaCO3 filled CPO within the same range. Similarly, CaCO3 filled CPO foams show higher peaks between 6 g and 12 g compared to kaolin filled CPO within the same concentration which seems to suggest that CaCO3 exhibits better filler acceptance (compatibility) at higher concentration to a limiting value. In the same vein, kaolin filled PPO foams exhibit tensile strength properties higher than CaCO3 filled PPO within the same concentration. Creep recovery for kaolin filled CPO are far higher than those of PPO, demonstrating that kaolin Original Research Article Dalen and Mador; IRJPAC, 14(2): 1-13, 2017; Article no.IRJPAC. 31143 2 filled CPO exhibits far better % creep recovery property than CaCO3 filled CPO, PPO and kaolin filled PPO. Results for the effects of filler loading on compression tests display the same trend as % creep recoveries. Generally, incorporation of between 2 – 8% of Kaolin as filler improves tensile strength, creep recovery and compression set over and above CaCO3 even though it lowers the density of foams. Similarly, CaCO3 incorporation between 2 – 14% also improves the mechanical properties at lower values. Kaolin filled foams can be used for light weight application such as upholstery, packaging, industrial filters, etcetera.
Float Manipulation and Stock Prices

Firms can manipulate their stock price by restricting the tradable float. When risk averse investors have differences of opinion and are short-sale constrained, reductions in the float freeze out pessimistic investors, pushing up prices. When the float is released, prices fall. To formally test this idea, I examine a series of corporate events in Japan in which firms actively reduced their float between 0.1 and 99.9 percent for periods of one to three months. Consistent with the theory, (a) prices rise when the float is contracted and fall when the float is released, and (b) returns are cross-sectionally related to the reduction in float. Firms are more likely to issue equity or redeem convertible debt during the period when float is low, suggesting strong incentives for manipulation. More generally, the results may explain why several pricing anomalies are associated with low float.
Contemporary approaches to assessing mediation in communication research.

tionships. Whether it is examining the persuasive impact of public service announcements on attitudes and behavior, determining the impact of viewing political debates on political knowledge or voter turnout, or assessing whether success in achieving one’s Internet browsing goals prompts greater interest in e-commerce, communication scholars frequently conduct research to answer questions about cause. Data analysis usually focuses on examining if the putative causal variable, whether manipulated or measured, is related to the outcome using a linear model such as analysis of variance or linear regression. In many arenas of research, such analyses, when accompanied by good research design, are sufficient to answer the question as to whether variation in X causes variation in Y. But deeper
Inhomogeneities in molecular layers of Mira atmospheres

Abstract : Aims. We investigate the structure and shape of the photospheric and molecular layers of the atmospheres of four Mira variables. Methods. We obtained near-infrared K-band spectro-interferometric observations of the Mira variables R Cnc, X Hya, W Vel, and RW Vel with a spectral resolution of about 1500 using the AMBER instrument at the VLTI. We obtained concurrent JHKL photometry using the Mk II instrument at the SAAO. Results. The Mira stars in our sample are found to have wavelength-dependent visibility values that are consistent with earlier low-resolution AMBER observations of S Ori and with the predictions of dynamic model atmosphere series based on self-excited pulsation models. The corresponding wavelength-dependent uniform disk (UD) diameters show a minimum near the near-continuum bandpass at 2.25 mum. They then increase by up to 30% toward the H2O band at 2.0 mum and by up to 70% at the CO bandheads between 2.29 mum and 2.48 mum. The dynamic model atmosphere series show a consistent wavelength-dependence, and their parameters such as the visual phase, effective temperature, and distances are consistent with independent estimates. The closure phases have significantly wavelength-dependent and non-zero values at all wavelengths indicating deviations from point symmetry.
Methods in Brain Connectivity Inference through Multivariate Time Series Analysis

Brain Connectivity: An Overview, Luiz A. Baccala and Koichi Sameshima Directed Transfer Function: A Pioneering Concept in Connectivity Analysis, Maciej Kaminski and Katarzyna J. Blinowska An Overview of Vector Autoregressive Models, Pedro A. Morettin Partial Directed Coherence, Luiz A. Baccala and Koichi Sameshima Information Partial Directed Coherence, Daniel Y. Takahashi, Luiz A. Baccala and Koichi Sameshima Assessing Connectivity in the Presence of Instantaneous Causality, Luca Faes Asymptotic PDC Properties, Koichi Sameshima, Daniel Y. Takahashi and Luiz A. Baccala Nonlinear Parametric Granger Causality in Dynamical Networks, Daniele Marinazzo, Wei Liao, Mario Pellicoro and Sebastiano Stramaglia Time-Variant Estimation of Connectivity and Kalman Filter, Linda Sommerlade, Marco Thiel, Bettina Platt, Andrea Plano, Gernot Riedel, Celso Grebogi, Wolfgang Mader, Malenda Mader, Jens Timmer and Bjorn Schelter Connectivity Analysis Based on Multielectrode EEG Inversion Methods with and without fMRI a Priori Information, Laura Astolfi and Fabio Babiloni Methods for Connectivity Analysis in fMRI, Joao R. Sato, Philip A. Dean and Gilson Vieira Assessing Causal Interactions among Cardiovascular Variability Series through a Time-Domain Granger Causality Approach, Alberto Porta, Anielle C. M. Takahashi, Aparecida M. Catai and Nicola Montano Multivariate Time-Series Brain Connectivity: A Sum-Up, Luiz A. Baccala and Koichi Sameshima
THE COSMOS ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY. I. XMM-NEWTON COUNTERPARTS

We present optical spectroscopy for an X-ray and optical flux-limited sample of 677 XMM-Newton selected targets covering the 2 deg2 Cosmic Evolution Survey field, with a yield of 485 high-confidence redshifts. The majority of the spectra were obtained over three seasons (2005–2007) with the Inamori Magellan Areal Camera and Spectrograph instrument on the Magellan (Baade) telescope. We also include in the sample previously published Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectra and supplemental observations with MMT/Hectospec. We detail the observations and classification analyses. The survey is 90% complete to flux limits of f0.5–10 keV > 8 × 10−16 erg cm-2 s−1 and i+AB < 22, where over 90% of targets have high-confidence redshifts. Making simple corrections for incompleteness due to redshift and spectral type allows for a description of the complete population to i+AB < 23. The corrected sample includes a 57% broad emission line (Type 1, unobscured) active galactic nucleus (AGN) at 0.13 < z < 4.26, 25% narrow emission line (Type 2, obscured) AGN at 0.07 < z < 1.29, and 18% absorption line (host-dominated, obscured) AGN at 0 < z < 1.22 (excluding the stars that made up 4% of the X-ray targets). We show that the survey's limits in X-ray and optical fluxes include nearly all X-ray AGNs (defined by L0.5–10 keV > 3 × 1042 erg s−1) to z < 1, of both optically obscured and unobscured types. We find statistically significant evidence that the obscured-to-unobscured AGN ratio at z < 1 increases with redshift and decreases with luminosity.
Vascular endothelial growth factor concentration in the serum and tumor tissues of brain tumor patients

License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. Permissions beyond the scope of the License are administered by Dove Medical Press Limited. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.dovepress. com/permissions.php OncoTargets and Therapy 2014:7 1551–1562 OncoTargets and Therapy Dovepress
Evaluation of the Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules : A Retrospective Analysis of Data From a Tertiary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia

Material and Method: We analyzed records of all patients who underwent FNAC and thyroid surgeries between July 2006 and June 2010 at King Khalid Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Each diagnosis derived from FNAC of thyroid nodule reported by the Bethesda system was matched with the final histopathology result. Specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were assessed.
Word Order in Tibeto-Burman Languages

This paper gives a detailed description of the word order patterns found among Tibeto-Burman languages. While Tibeto-Burmanists sometimes think that many Tibeto-Burman languages have some unexpected features for verb-final languages, this is by and large not the case. For example, verb-final languages in which one or more noun modifiers (adjective, demonstrative, numeral) follow the noun are very common elsewhere in the world. It is true that the majority of other verb-final languages in Asia put all modifiers before the noun, but it is in fact those other languages which are rather atypical crosslinguistically. The paper has separate sections on the two groups of languages in Tibeto-Burman which are VO, namely Karen and Bai. The rest of the paper focuses on the OV Tibeto-Burman languages, looking at six word order features that are not predictable from a language being OV, namely (1) adjective and noun; (2) relative clause and noun; (3) demonstrative and noun; (4) numeral and noun; (5) degree word and adjective; and (6) negative and verb. The patterns of the distribution of the various types is discussed in detail, both from a genealogical perspective and from a geographical one.
WEAK LENSING CALIBRATED M–T SCALING RELATION OF GALAXY GROUPS IN THE COSMOS FIELD

The scaling between X-ray observables and mass for galaxy clusters and groups is instrumental for cluster-based cosmology and an important probe for the thermodynamics of the intracluster gas. We calibrate a scaling relation between the weak lensing mass and X-ray spectroscopic temperature for 10 galaxy groups in the COSMOS field, combined with 55 higher-mass clusters from the literature. The COSMOS data includes Hubble Space Telescope imaging and redshift measurements of 46 source galaxies per arcminute2, enabling us to perform unique weak lensing measurements of low-mass systems. Our sample extends the mass range of the lensing calibrated M–T relation an order of magnitude lower than any previous study, resulting in a power-law slope of . The slope is consistent with the self-similar model, predictions from simulations, and observations of clusters. However, X-ray observations relying on mass measurements derived under the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium have indicated that masses at group scales are lower than expected. Both simulations and observations suggest that hydrostatic mass measurements can be biased low. Our external weak lensing masses provide the first observational support for hydrostatic mass bias at group level, showing an increasing bias with decreasing temperature and reaching a level of 30%–50% at 1 keV.