Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuropsychological correlates of the YAQ-S and YAQ-I self- and informant-reported ADHD symptomatology, emotional and social problems and delinquent behaviour.

OBJECTIVES The objective was to evaluate the relationship between self- and informant-rated symptoms of ADHD and performance on neuropsychological tests of attention and impulsivity (Letter Cancellation Test [LCT], Continuous Performance Test [CPT] and Matching Familiar Figures test [MFF]). DESIGN Participants were clinical referrals for assessment of ADHD in adulthood and healthy controls. METHOD ADHD adults were compared with individuals with mild psychiatric disorders (including attention problems), a healthy control group on neuropsychological measures of attention (CPT and LCT) and on impulsivity (MFF). Secondly, the scores obtained on these measures were correlated with the Young ADHD Questionnaire-S (YAQ-S) and Young ADHD Questionnaire-I (YAQ-I) self- and informant-reported scales of ADHD symptomatology, emotional problems, delinquency, and social functioning. RESULTS The ADHD group were more impaired than the healthy controls on neuropsychological measures, but only the MFF differentiated them from the psychiatric controls. Tests of attentional control positively correlated with the selfreported functioning of the ADHD group but not among the psychiatric or normal controls. There was a positive correlation between tests of attention (but not impulsivity) and self-ratings of ADHD symptomatology for the ADHD group, suggesting that ADHD adults are better at recognizing attentional problems than impulse control. A positive correlation was found between the Delinquency scale and a test of impulsivity for the ADHD group only. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that there are neuropsychological underpinnings of the ADHD syndrome but neuropsychological tests may discriminate poorly between ADHD and mild psychiatric disorders. ADHD adults may be more reliable informants of adult functioning than their parents, although they may underreport impulsive behaviour.
Nonfocal Symptoms are More Frequent in Patients with Vertebral Artery than Carotid Artery Stenosis

Introduction: In patients with a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or ischemic stroke, the combination of focal and nonfocal symptoms has been associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events. We hypothesized that nonfocal symptoms are more frequent in patients with symptomatic stenosis of a vertebral artery (VA) than of a carotid artery (CA). Therefore, we assessed the prevalence of nonfocal symptoms in patients with a recent TIA or nondisabling ischemic stroke and studied their relation with symptomatic CA or VA stenosis. Methods: We administered a standardized questionnaire on the occurrence of focal and nonfocal symptoms during the qualifying TIA or nondisabling ischemic stroke and in the preceding 6 months. We included 50 consecutive patients with a recently symptomatic CA stenosis ≥50%, 50 consecutive patients with a recently symptomatic VA stenosis ≥50%, 25 consecutive patients with an anterior circulation event without an ipsilateral CA stenosis ≥50%, and 25 consecutive patients with a posterior circulation event without a relevant VA stenosis ≥50%. Relative risks for the presence of nonfocal symptoms in relation to the presence of a symptomatic stenosis were calculated with univariate and multivariate Poisson regression. Adjustments were made for age, sex, stroke as the qualifying event, and cardiovascular risk factors. A subgroup analysis was performed for patients in whom the vascular territory of the event was confirmed on imaging. Results: During the qualifying ischemic event, focal symptoms were accompanied by nonfocal symptoms in 80 (53%) patients. Nonfocal symptoms occurred more frequently in patients with a VA stenosis (72%) than in patients with a CA stenosis [26%; adjusted relative risk (aRR), 2.9; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.8-4.6]. A higher prevalence of nonfocal symptoms was found in patients with posterior circulation TIAs and strokes (73%) than in patients with anterior circulation TIAs and strokes (33%; aRR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.6-3.1). During the preceding 6 months, 45% of patients with and 20% of patients without a symptomatic stenosis had had nonfocal symptoms (aRR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.3-4.3). Subgroup analysis for the 89 (59%) patients with ischemia visible on imaging gave essentially the same results. Conclusions: More than half of the TIAs or nondisabling ischemic strokes were associated with nonfocal neurological symptoms. Nonfocal symptoms occurred more frequently in patients with a symptomatic VA stenosis than CA stenosis.
Larger clutches take longer to incubate

Etude experimentale de l'influence de la taille de la couvee sur le temps d'incubation et sur le succes reproducteur. Les auteurs montrent qu'une augmentation de la taille de la couvee n'affecte pas le succes reproducteur mais entraine un allongement de la duree d'incubation
MEMADU METODE PENELITIAN Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif

Judul Buku : Memadu Metode Penelitian Kualitatif & Kuantitatif Penulis : Julia Brannen Alih Bahasa : H. Nuktah Arfawie Kurde, Imam Safe’i, Nooerhaidi AH Cetakan : Kedua, April 1999 Penerbit : Fakultas Tarbiyah IAIN Antasari Samarinda bekerjasama dengan Pustaka Pelajar (Anggota IKAPI) Glagah UH IV/343 Yogyakarta 55164 Tebal : xiv+226 hlm
Isolating Cognitive and Neurologic HIV Effects in Substance-Dependent, Confounded Cohorts: A Pilot Study

Abstract Controversy exists as to whether effects of HIV infection can be detected in the cognitive profiles of substance users, with methodological differences in degree of control for confounding factors a major contributor to empirical discrepancies. To address this shortcoming, we conducted a small but well-controlled study aimed at isolating HIV neurocognitive (NC) effects in a group of chronic substance users. Thirty HIV-negative substance users were individually matched to 30 HIV-positive substance users on relevant medical and demographic factors, including reading level and methadone therapy status. Results revealed that reading level, methadone maintenance therapy, and positive urine toxicology each exerted significant influence on NC function, and that HIV status was a significant predictor of learning and speeded processing after these control factors were considered. The HIV-positive group also displayed significantly more neurologically assessed motor impairment (p < .05), which was specifically related to impaired cognition in this group and independent of degree of immunocompromise. These data demonstrate the need for increased attention to clinical/demographic characteristics of groups under study. They also show that with applied methodological rigor, the deleterious effects of HIV on cognition can be parsed from substance use, even in small samples with chronic and active use histories. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–11)
Plasmin activates pro‐matrix metalloproteinase‐2 with a membrane‐type 1 matrix metalloproteinase‐dependent mechanism

Membrane‐type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1‐MMP) has been implicated as a physiological activator of progelatinase A (MMP‐2). We previously reported that plasmin treatment of cells results in proMMP‐2 activation and increased type IV collagen degradation. Here, we analyzed the role of MT1‐MMP in plasmin activation of MMP‐2 using HT‐1080 cells transfected with MT1‐MMP sense or antisense cDNA. Control, vector‐transfected cells that expressed endogenous MT1‐MMP, and antisense cDNA transfectants with very low levels of MT1‐MMP did not activate proMMP‐2. Conversely, cells transfected with sense MT1‐MMP cDNA expressed high MT1‐MMP levels and processed proMMP‐2 to 68/66‐kDa intermediate activation products. Control cells and MT1‐MMP transfectants had much higher levels of cell‐associated MMP‐2 than antisense cDNA transfectants. Addition of plasmin(ogen) to control or MT1‐MMP‐transfected cells generated active, 62‐kDa MMP‐2, but was ineffective with antisense cDNA transfectants. The effect of plasmin(ogen) was prevented by inhibitors of plasmin, but not by metalloproteinase inhibitors, implicating plasmin as a mechanism for proMMP‐2 activation independent of the activity of MT1‐MMP or other MMPs. Plasmin‐mediated activation of proMMP‐2 did not result from processing of proMT1‐MMP and did not correlate with αvβ3 integrin or TIMP‐2 levels. Thus, plasmin can activate proMMP‐2 only in the presence of MT1‐MMP; however, this process does not require the catalytic activity of MT1‐MMP. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Actions elicited during scheduled and unscheduled in-hospital follow-up of cardiac devices: results of the ATHENS multicentre registry.

AIM The number of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) is continuously growing and this translates into a high number of in-hospital follow-ups. This workload justifies the increasing popularity of remote monitoring systems for the follow-up of CIEDs. The ATHENS registry was designed to find out what actions are taken during in-hospital follow-up of CIEDs at 10 different centres in Northern Italy. METHODS AND RESULTS Between 1 March 2010 and 30 June 2010, all patients who came to our centres for a follow-up of their CIEDs were enrolled in the registry. We defined as visit with an action (VWA) a follow-up that elicited an action in that patient. The primary endpoint was the prevalence of VWA on the whole population. The secondary endpoints were: prevalence of VWA on the pacemaker (PM) population; prevalence of VWA on the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) population; prevalence of VWA on the cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) population; predictors of VWA in univariate and multivariate analyses. A total of 3362 patients were recruited. The primary endpoint was reached in 762 patients, 22.8% of patients (95% CI 21.4-24.3). The prevalence of action was highest for CRT (29.8%), followed by PM (22.8%) and ICD (18.6%). In a multivariate model, the prevalence of action was higher for CRT, than for PM and was lowest for ICD and it was higher for unscheduled visits and first visits than for scheduled visits. CONCLUSIONS Our registry demonstrates that 'some actions' are taken during about 20% of scheduled in-hospital follow-up of CIEDs. These data should encourage the use of remote follow-up systems.
Highly regulated growth and development of the Ediacara macrofossil Dickinsonia costata

The Ediacara Biota represents the oldest fossil evidence for the appearance of animals but linking these taxa to specific clades has proved challenging. Dickinsonia is an abundant, apparently bilaterally symmetrical Ediacara fossil with uncertain affinities. We identified and measured key morphological features of over 900 specimens of Dickinsonia costata from the Ediacara Member, South Australia to characterize patterns in growth and morphology. Here we show that development in Dickinsonia costata was surprisingly highly regulated to maintain an ovoid shape via terminal addition and the predictable expansion of modules. This result, along with other characters found in Dickinsonia suggests that it does not belong within known animal groups, but that it utilized some of the developmental gene networks of bilaterians, a result predicted by gene sequencing of basal metazoans but previously unidentified in the fossil record. Dickinsonia thus represents an extinct clade located between sponges and the last common ancestor of Protostomes and Deuterostomes, and likely belongs within the Eumetazoa.
Stress in Organizations. A Review of the Literature

Abstract : A review of stress was conducted, with emphasis on organizational, psychological, and medical literature. As a logical extension of the historical development of organizational stress as a concept, a new definition was developed, that of experienced stress, which is the perception of, and response to, environmental influences that impinge on the individual as unpleasant and that produce psychological and physiological outcomes. The relationship of stress to performance in organizations was then discussed. Stress was found to have either a positive, negative, or inverted-U relationship with performance, depending on the type of stress, the kind of performance required, and differences among individuals. Finally, relationships among self-report measures of stress, physiological and psychological indicators of stress, and physiological and psychological outcomes of stress were reviewed. Results of the review indicate that typologies or profiles of individual responses to specific stressful situations could be developed to aid in determining different stress response patterns and predicting susceptibility to illness and disease. It was recommended that research be undertaken by the Navy to determine the relationship between stress and performance in jobs identified as stressful. Eliminating unnecessary stress among its personnel will enable the Navy to perform its mission more effectively.
From the Society for Clinical Vascular Surgery Repair of complex renal artery aneurysms by laparoscopic nephrectomy with ex vivo repair and autotransplantation

Objective: Renal artery aneurysms are being discovered more frequently due to increased use of non-invasive imaging. Complex renal artery aneurysms involving multiple secondary or tertiary branches are not amenable to in vivo or endovascular treatment and often require ex vivo repair with autotransplantation. In order to minimize incisional morbidity and hasten recovery, we developed a technique of laparoscopic nephrectomy combined with backbench ex vivo repair, followed by autotransplantation through a small laparoscopic extraction incision. This study describes our initial experience with this combined technique in patients that were not candidates for endovascular techniques or in vivo arterial reconstruction. Methods: Seven patients with complex renal artery aneurysms underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy and ex vivo repair with multiple saphenous vein grafts and autotransplantation through the small laparoscopic extraction incision. The aneurysms ranged from 2.5 to 5.0 cm. In all cases, the aneurysm was resected ex vivo, leaving multiple branch arteries that were extended with saphenous vein grafts. Arterial inflow was then re-established with sequential saphenous vein anastomoses to the external iliac artery. Ureteral reconstruction was performed via standard Lich ureteroneocystostomy. Patients were followed postoperatively for two to eight years. Results: Laparoscopic nephrectomy with ex vivo repair of complex aneurysms was successfully employed in seven patients with renal aneurysms that were not amenable to endovascular or in vivo repair. There were no incisional morbidities and all patients had significant improvements in symptoms post-operatively. Renal function remained unchanged and there were no ureteral complications following surgery. All patients had postoperative ultrasound imaging done at two years which demonstrated patency of the anastomoses. The mean hospital stay was four days (range, two to seven days). Conclusion: Repair of complex renal artery aneurysms involving distal branch arteries remains a challenge. This new technique combines the advantages of minimally invasive surgery with the effectiveness of ex vivo aneurysm repair. (J Vasc Surg 2008;48:1408-13.)
Drinking a hot blood meal elicits a protective heat shock response in mosquitoes

The mosquito's body temperature increases dramatically when it takes a blood meal from a warm-blooded, vertebrate host. By using the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, we demonstrate that this boost in temperature following a blood meal prompts the synthesis of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). This response, elicited by the temperature of the blood meal, is most robust in the mosquito's midgut. When RNA interference is used to suppress expression of hsp70, protein digestion of the blood meal is impaired, leading to production of fewer eggs. We propose that Hsp70 protects the mosquito midgut from the temperature stress incurred by drinking a hot blood meal. Similar increases in hsp70 were documented immediately after blood feeding in two other mosquitoes (Culex pipiens and Anopheles gambiae) and the bed bug, Cimex lectularius, suggesting that this is a common protective response in blood-feeding arthropods.
Towards efficient data access in mobile cloud computing using pre-fetching and caching

Mobile devices nowadays can connect to the network very conveniently using cellular data network or WiFi. However, latency is still a challenge caused by the stability and the availability of the network, mainly in the context of mobile environments. In this paper, we propose an architecture based on a Cloudlet model using CAching and pre-FEtching scheme (CAFE scheme) to improve data access efficiency. The prefetching scheme on the Cloud enables the retrieval of specific data in advance based on specific information of users. On the Cloudlet, a caching technique selectively stores data passing through the Cloudlet. The classification of data into specific and general takes both individual access behavior and common trends into consideration. Compared to an original model, the experiment results show that our architecture can really decrease latency and improve data access efficiency when users request data from a Cloudlet and the Cloud.
Socioecological disparities in New Orleans following Hurricane Katrina

Despite growing interest in urban resilience, remarkably little is known about vegetation dynamics in the aftermath of disasters. In this study, we examined the composition and structure of plant communities across New Orleans (Louisiana, USA) following catastrophic flooding triggered by levee failures during Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Focusing on eight neighborhoods that span a range of demographic and topographical conditions, we assessed whether plant communities in post-Katrina New Orleans reflect flooding disturbance and post-disaster landscape management policies. We then contextualized vegetation patterns and associated ecosystem services and disservices with census-based demographic trends and in-depth interviews to draw inferences about the drivers and outcomes of urban land abandonment in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. We found that areas subject to the greatest flooding disturbance exhibit the highest rates of vegetation response. Disturbance intensity and elevation, however, are relatively weak drivers of vegetation differences among the studied neighborhoods. Rather, we found that household income, racial demographics, and land abandonment are important drivers of vegetation community composition and structure across the city. Our findings indicate that resettlement and landscape management policies can mediate post-flooding ecological outcomes and demonstrate that unmanaged, emergent vegetation on abandoned lands can be an environmental justice concern in underserved and historically marginalized communities.
Probabilistic Approach to Predict Cracking in Lightly Reinforced Microconcrete Panels

The ultimate strength of structures made of brittle materials—such as microconcrete—strongly depends on microstructural defects, the structure size, and the loading pattern. Probabilistic approaches allow one to take account of such dependencies. By using a Weibull model, cracking of ferrocement panels is analyzed. Provided the behavior of the reinforcement remains elastic, it is shown that the Weibull parameters identified on unreinforced microconcrete samples tested in flexure may be used to predict multiple cracking in ferrocement panels tested in tension. A key aspect of the analysis is related to the understanding and modeling of the stress heterogeneity effect on the local failure probability of unreinforced as well as reinforced microconcrete by the use of a so-called Weibull stress.
Is the user trained? Assessing performance and cognitive resource demands in the Virtusphere

Virtual reality systems provide a convenient means of studying human cognition and performance on a wide range of tasks for which real-world testing is cost prohibitive or difficult to control. For the results of such studies to be valid, it is important to ensure that aspects of the virtual experience do not alter a participant's behavior or performance on the experimental tasks. This can be particularly difficult when using novel locomotion interfaces that require training. Training procedures should not be completed until movement tasks can be performed at a high level of ability and they do not interfere with concurrent cognitive tasks. A study is described in which subjects were trained to locomote in the Virtusphere, an interface resembling a “human-sized hamster ball. ” The effectiveness of training is discussed in terms of both movement abilities and performance on a concurrent cognitive task. Movement performance was tracked as subjects learned to travel through a virtual environment. Additionally, subjects simultaneously completed cognitive tasks in a dual-task selective-interference paradigm. Results showed very rapid improvement on movement measures, including distance traveled and the ratio of collisions to distance traveled, with performance improvement becoming gradual within a few minutes. However, results also highlight persistent problems with concurrent spatial memory tasks, indicating that the training is not really done when performance on the movement metrics levels off.
Neuroophthalmology and Trauma

The incidence of severe head injuries in the United States is very high. Twenty thousand Americans die each year from head trauma, and the average annual incidence of hospitalizations from head injury is 200 to 300 per 100,000. One can expect that many of these affected patients will have sustained injuries that require ophthalmic consultation. Most ophthalmologists faced with an injured patient naturally tend to focus on such obvious ocular manifestations as lacerations, contusions, and fractures. The more subtle manifestations, many of which are equally important, may be unrecognized or ignored. Among them are a variety of neuroophthalmic disorders that are the focus of this chapter. In the setting of head trauma, patients often have reduced consciousness or coexisting injuries that render neuroophthalmic evaluation particularly challenging.
Immunocytochemical characterization of primary cell culture in canine transmissible venereal tumor

Immunochemistry with anti-vimentin, anti-lysozyme, anti-alpha 1 antitrypsin, anti-CD3 and anti-CD79α antibodies has been used for characterization of primary cell culture in the transmissible venereal tumor (TVT). Samples for primary cell culture and immunohistochemistry assays were taken from eight dogs with cytological and clinical diagnosis of TVT. To validate the immunochemical results in the primary cell culture of TVT, a chromosome count was performed. For the statistical analysis, the Mann-Whitney test with p<0.05 was used. TVT tissues and culture cells showed intense anti-vimentin immunoreactivity, lightly to moderate immunoreactivity for anti-lysozyme, and mild for anti-alpha-antitrypsin. No marking was achieved for CD3 and CD79α. All culture cells showed chromosomes variable number of 56 to 68. This is the first report on the use of immunocytochemical characterization in cell culture of TVT. Significant statistic difference between immunochemistry in tissue and culture cell was not established, what suggests that the use of this technique may provide greater certainty for the confirmation of tumors in the primary culture. This fact is particularly important because in vitro culture of tumor tissues has been increasingly used to provide quick access to drug efficacy and presents relevant information to identify potential response to anticancer medicine; so it is possible to understand the behavior of the tumor.