Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Broad Factor Scales of the 16 PF Fifth Edition and Millon Personality Disorder Scales: A Replication

This study is a replication of the link between broad personality factors from the 16 PF and personality disorder scales based on Millon's typology of personality. The current study was done with the new version of the 16 PF during the final stages of norming. The sample consisted of 30 female and 2 male undergraduate and graduate students, ranging in age from about 21 to 60 years. The data from this replication are consistent with results of the earlier study in that 15 of the 18 expectations were in the expected direction. Of these 10 were significant.
ANATOMICAL AND VISUAL RESULTS OF VITREORETINAL SURGERY FOR STAGE 5 RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY

Purpose: To provide a historical perspective on outcomes of surgery for infants with stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) as perfomed by a single surgeon over a 24-year period. Design: Retrospective observational cohort study. Methods: Setting: Clinical practice of the Charles Retina Institute. Patients: The 601 infants with stage 5 ROP in at least one eye who were referred for surgery between 1977 and 2001. Charts were reviewed for demographic data and postoperative anatomical and visual acuity outcomes in eyes that underwent surgery. Main Outcome Measures: The postoperative anatomical status of the retina and visual function were assessed after surgery. Anatomical outcome was categorized as success (macula attached), partial success (macula detached), failure (total retinal detachment), or lost eye (opaque cornea, secluded pupil, or phthisis). Visual function was classified as>20/200, 20/200 – 5/200, hand movement, light perception, or no light perception. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore relationships between outcomes and baseline characteristics. Results: Only a minority of eyes had prior cryotherapy (15%) or laser photocoagulation (7%) therapy. The mean follow-up was 44 months for the 956 eyes treated surgically. The 608 eyes with available follow-up data were classified as follows: 28% success, 5% partial success, 55% failure, and 11% lost eye. Visual function of light perception or better was achieved in 74% of the 183 eyes with data on visual acuity. Controlling for other baseline factors, early postpartum age at the time of surgery was a statistically significant predictor of failure/lost eye (OR = 2.08, 95% CI 1.09-3.97) and no light perception (OR = 5.13, 95% CI 1.45-18.14). Surgery for stage 5 ROP on the fellow eye was also a predictor of failure/lost eye (OR = 2.38, 95% CI 1.39-4.08). Conclusions: Surgery resulted in anatomical success for approximately one third of infant eyes with stage 5 ROP, and only a minority of eyes (8 of 183) achieved visual acuity better than 5/200. However, some initially successfully attached retinas redetached. Although this study is limited by follow-up and may represent a group of patients with a more vascularly active disease state due to the low proportion of patients with prior peripheral ablation, this cohort of infants provides results against which future interventions may be compared.
Linearizing Control of Yeast and Bacteria Fed-batch Cultures - A Comparison of Adaptive and Robust Strategies

Linearizing control is a popular approach to control bioprocesses, which has received considerable attention is the past several years. This control approach is however quite sensitive to modeling uncertainties, thus requiring some on-line parametric adaptation so as to ensure performance. In this study, this usual adaptive strategy is compared in terms of implementation and performance to a robust strategy, where the controller has a fixed parametrization which is determined using a LMI framework so as to ensure robust stability and performance. Fed-batch cultures of yeast and bacteria are considered as application examples.
A SysML Framework for Modeling Contingency Basing

Contingency basing presents a planner with numerous design decisions driven by multiple design criteria such as the number of soldiers, base permanency, base location, and other factors. The operational environment of the base is not static either; design requirements change as the mission changes. In this work, we introduce a model‐based systems engineering approach to elicit design and operational needs while dealing with the design complexity of constructing a contingency base. The model includes the key facility types that can make a contingency base, interactions between facility types, and required utilities for each facility type. The model elements are kept at an abstract level so the details can be altered as required by the customer needs. Pairing the model with an external analysis tool allows for quick development and testing. Properties of the facility types can be altered either in the model or the analysis tool, and reflected in both. Using the model‐ based systems engineering concepts of reusability, these elements can be saved and re‐used in future base designs allowing for a rapid and adaptable design process. In addition, the sharing of information visually with Object Management Group's Systems Modeling Language™ diagrams enhances the ability to collaborate with nonengineering subject matter experts within the design domain. By graphically showing the conditions and layout of the proposed contingency base, Department of Defense personnel not trained in modeling and simulation were able to interact with the engineering designs and identify gaps in the proposed architecture.
Resveratrol, a Red Wine Constituent Polyphenol, Protects from Ischemia-Reperfusion Damage of the Ovaries

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of resveratrol on histopathological changes, antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation, in torsion-detorsion injury in rat ovaries. Method: To determine whether ischemia followed by reperfusion can induce ovarian oxidative damage, we created a model of adnexal ischemia-reperfusion by using rats. Ischemia was induced by unilateral occlusion of the tubo-ovarian vessels for 3 h. Reperfusion was achieved by releasing the occlusion and restoring the circulation for 3 h. Thirty-two adult female albino rats were divided equally into 4 groups: sham operation, torsion, saline/detorsion and resveratrol/detorsion. Rats in the torsion group were killed after 360° clockwise adnexal torsion for 3 h. Resveratrol was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before detorsion in the resveratrol/detorsion group, and saline was administered in the saline/detorsion group. After 3 h of adnexal detorsion in both of these groups, the rats were killed and adnexa were removed. The tissue levels of malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione and xanthine oxidase activity were measured. Results: Malondialdehyde and xanthine oxidase levels in the saline/detorsion group were increased significantly when compared to the torsion and sham operation groups (p < 0.001). Malondialdehyde levels in the resveratrol group were lower than in the saline/detorsion group, and differences between the two groups were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Xanthine oxidase levels in the resveratrol group were lower than in the saline/detorsion and torsion groups, and differences between these groups were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Reduced glutathione levels in the saline/detorsion group were decreased significantly when compared to the torsion and sham operation groups. Reduced glutathione levels in the resveratrol group were significantly higher than in the saline/detorsion group (p < 0.006). Histological examination showed a significant improvement in ovarian morphology in the resveratrol-treated rats compared with the ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion groups. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that intraperitoneal resveratrol administration reduced the lipid peroxidation products of ischemic rats and ovarian damage was reduced as indicated by histological examination.
Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of quetiapine in youth with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder: a 26-week, open-label, continuation study.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to describe the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of quetiapine monotherapy continued for up to 26-weeks in youth with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder. METHODS Medically healthy boys and girls with a baseline Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV-TR) diagnosis of schizophrenia (ages 13-17 years) or a manic episode of bipolar I disorder (ages 10-17 years) who participated in one of two acute, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of immediate-release quetiapine were potentially eligible to enroll in a 26-week, open-label study. During the open-label study, quetiapine was flexibly dosed at 400-800 mg/day, with options to reduce dosing to 200 mg/day based on tolerability. Safety and tolerability outcomes assessed from open-label baseline to week 26 included adverse events (AEs), metabolic/laboratory parameters, extrapyramidal symptoms, suicidality, and vital signs. RESULTS Of 381 patients enrolled in the open-label study (n=176, schizophrenia; n=205, bipolar disorder diagnosis), 237 patients (62.2%) completed the 26-week study period (71.0%, schizophrenia; 54.6%, bipolar disorder). The most common AEs reported during the study included somnolence, headache, sedation, weight increase, and vomiting. A total of 14.9% of patients experienced a shift to potentially clinically significant low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 10.2% of patients experienced a shift to potentially clinically significant high triglyceride levels. Weight gain ≥ 7% was reported in 35.6% of patients between open-label baseline and final visit. After adjustment for normal growth, 18.3% of study participants experienced clinically significant weight gain (i.e., increase in body mass index ≥ 0.5 standard deviations from baseline). CONCLUSIONS In this 26-week study, quetiapine flexibly dosed at 400-800 mg/day, with options to reduce dosing based on tolerability, was generally safe and well tolerated in youth. Clinicians should monitor lipid profiles and weight gain in youth with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder during treatment with quetiapine.
The Push and Pull of Innovation: A Start-Up Case Study

This case study examines the opposing forces of innovation and legitimacy that play on new entrants into a market. New entrants in any market aim to provide an innovative product or solution in order to attract buyers. However, there are many situations where innovation may not be as valued as the new entrant expects due to various reasons, including a perceived lack of legitimacy. A case study involving a start-up software company providing a solution to the retail industry is examined, illustrating the strength of the requirement for legitimacy in order to be
Peroxynitrite Elicits Dysfunction of Stereoselective S-Nitrosocysteine Recognition Sites

The aim of this study was to determine whether induction of tachyphylaxis to peroxynitrite (induced by giving 10 intravenous injections of a 10-μmol/kg dose) differentially affects the vasodilator responses elicited by systemic injections of the L- and D-isomers of S-nitrosocysteine (L-SNC and D-SNC), in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. L- and D-SNC (12.5-200 nmol/kg, iv) elicited dose-dependent reductions in hindquarter, mesenteric, and renal vascular resistances. The L-SNC-induced vasodilator responses in the hindquarter and renal vascular beds were virtually abolished whereas the vasodilator responses in mesenteric bed were markedly diminished after administration of peroxynitrite. The D-SNC-induced vasodilator responses in the hindquarter and renal beds were slightly attenuated whereas the vasodilator responses in the mesenteric bed were not diminished after administration of peroxynitrite. The vasodilator responses elicited by the nitric oxide donor, MAHMA NONOate (5-50 nmol/kg, iv), were not attenuated by peroxynitrite. The finding that induction of tachyphylaxis to peroxynitrite diminishes the effects of L- and D-SNC but not MAHMA NONOate suggests that the stereoisomers exert their vasodilator effects by mechanisms other than their decomposition to nitric oxide. Moreover, the finding that induction of tachyphylaxis to peroxynitrite causes a more pronounced attenuation of the vasodilator effects of L- than D-SNC supports evidence that the stereoisomers differentially interact with stereoselective S-nitrosothiol recognition sites in the vasculature. Taken together, these novel results support the possibility that peroxynitrite diminishes the vasodilator potencies of L- and D-SNC by oxidation and/or nitration of amino acids in these recognition sites.
Characterization of brain metastases using high‐resolution magic angle spinning MRS

The objectives of this study were to (a) explore the spectral characteristics of brain metastases, focusing on the origin of the primary cancer, and (b) evaluate the correlation with clinical outcome using multivariate analysis. High‐resolution magic angle spinning (HR‐MAS) MR spectra (n = 26) were obtained from 16 patients with brain metastases using a Bruker Avance DRX600 instrument. Standard pulse‐acquired and spin‐echo (TE 32 and 285 ms) 1H spectra were obtained. These were examined using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression analysis (PLS) relating spectral data to clinical outcome. The PCA score plot of pulse‐acquired HR‐MAS spectra showed a trend of clustering due to the origin of the metastases, mainly based on differences in the lipid signals at 1.3 and 0.9 ppm. With PLS, spectra of patients who died less than 5 months after surgery appeared to cluster in the lower left quadrant of the score plot. These preliminary results on brain metastasis classification and prediction of survival must be validated in a larger patient cohort. However, the possibility of differentiating metastases according to origin and predicting survival on the basis of HR‐MAS spectra suggests that this method may be useful for diagnosing and planning treatment for brain metastases and also for guiding decisions about terminating further treatment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dexamethasone and stressor-magnitude regulation of stress-induced transcription of HPA axis secretagogues in the rat

Regulation of the production of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis secretagogues, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and arginine vasopressin (AVP), may be differentially sensitive to the negative feedback effects of glucocorticoids. We chose to study this phenomenon by examining the ability of dexamethasone to influence CRH and AVP heteronuclear RNA (hnRNA) levels in an escapable/inescapable (ES/IS) foot-shock stress paradigm. On Day 1, adult male rats were subjected to either ES or IS foot-shock; on Day 2, saline or dexamethasone (100 μg/kg) was administered 2 h prior to the stressor. We found that ES/IS foot-shock stimulated similar robust increases in plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone concentrations, and medial parvocellular division of the paraventricular nucleus (mpPVN) AVP and CRH hnRNA and c-fos mRNA levels in saline-treated ES/IS rats. Dexamethasone pretreatment suppressed ACTH and corticosterone levels similarly in IS and ES animals. Dexamethasone pretreatment also suppressed mpPVN CRH and AVP hnRNA levels at 30 min. However, by 120 min, the mpPVN AVP hnRNA levels in dexamethasone-treated rats were similar to those measured in the saline group. We also found that rats that received the most shocks on Day 1 had greater HPA axis activation on Day 2. We conclude that the magnitude of the foot-shock stressor, determined by learned and immediate cues, is important in determining the magnitude of the HPA response.
Reduction of long‐term potentiation in the dentate gyrus of the rat following selective depletion of monoamines.

1. Brief, high‐frequency stimulation of the perforant path results in a long‐term potentiation (l.t.p.) of the field response evoked in the dentate gyrus by single shocks to the perforant path. We have compared the magnitude and duration of l.t. p. in normal, anaesthetized rats with animals depleted of noradrenaline (NA), 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), or both. 2. All animals were exposed to an identical sequence of eight high‐frequency trains of increasing intensity given over a period of 140 min to the perforant path of one hemisphere. The potential evoked by test shocks to the perforant path was monitored in both hemispheres throughout this period and for a further 96 min after the last train. 3. Plots of the mean potentiation of the population e.p.s.p. as a function of time were computed for all animals in each group. L.t. p. in the NA‐depleted group was about 50% of that in the non‐depleted control group throughout the course of the experiment. L.t. p. in the 5‐HT‐depleted group was more severely affected; mean potentiation did not exceed 30% of that in the control group at any time. 4. The duration of l.t. p. was unaffected by NA depletion and reduced by 5‐HT depletion. 5. The threshold for the intensity of high‐frequency current pulses necessary to elicit l.t. p. was unaffected by NA depletion and raised by 5‐HT depletion. 6. Short‐term potentiation of the population e.p.s.p. was unaffected by either NA depletion or 5‐HT depletion. 7. The effect of monoamine depletion on granule cell excitability was investigated. 5‐HT depletion, but not NA depletion, induced an increase in the excitability of the granule cell population, in the sense that a population e.p.s.p. of a given size was associated with a larger population spike. 8. Long‐term potentiation of granule cell excitability was not affected by NA depletion, but was reduced by 5‐HT depletion. 9. These results show that monoamines can modulate long‐term changes in synaptic function in the dentate gyrus, and suggest that 5‐HT is more potent in this respect than NA.
The role of monocyte-derived hemopoietic growth factors in the regulation of myeloproliferation in juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia (JCML) is a rare pediatric malignancy characterized by marked hepatosplenomegaly, leukocytosis with prominent monocytosis, elevated fetal hemoglobin, no Philadelphia chromosome, and generally a poor prognosis. In vitro, JCML peripheral blood granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units, CFU-GM) demonstrate the unique characteristic of "spontaneous" proliferation at very low cell densities in the absence of exogenous growth factors. The "spontaneous" CFU-GM proliferation can be abolished by prior adherent cell (monocyte) depletion, suggesting a paracrine mode of cellular proliferation. Although previous studies using a [3H]thymidine ([3H]TdR) incorporation assay suggested an important role for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in JCML, many non-growth factor-related reasons for [3H]TdR incorporation and the relatively low level of inhibition of [3H]TdR uptake left those conclusions open to question. Therefore, we performed clonal CFU-GM assays, which more specifically reflect cytokine effects on CFU-GM, using JCML peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) and neutralizing antibodies against GM-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage colony-stimulating (M-CSF), interleukin 3 (IL-3), interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and interferon gamma (IFN gamma). Cultures containing anti-GM-CSF alone inhibited "spontaneous" JCML CFU-GM by 87% +/- 9% (mean +/- standard error of the mean [SEM]). No other anti-cytokine antibody produced a significant inhibition of CFU-GM growth. Various combinations of antibodies, excluding anti-GM-CSF, failed to demonstrate any synergistic inhibitory effects upon CFU-GM. Because this apparent paracrine cellular stimulation could be due to excessive cytokine production, by monocytes or other accessory cells, we examined cytokine levels in conditioned media from various JCML cell populations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Monocytes from only a minority of JCML patients produced higher than normal quantities of GM-CSF, G-CSF, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and/or TNF alpha, but no obvious pattern could be discerned. Further, only 7 of 15 JCML monocyte-conditioned media (MCM) had elevated GM-CSF, and 6 of 15 JCML patients had normal levels of all nine cytokines tested. The monocyte depletion experiments and the inhibition experiments with anti-cytokine antibodies taken together demonstrate clearly that the "spontaneous" growth of JCML CFU-GM in vitro critically depends on at least one monocyte-derived growth factor, GM-CSF. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Transient change in groundwater temperature after earthquakes

Postseismic decrease in groundwater temperature was documented on the upper rim of a large alluvial fan near the epicenter of the 1999 M w 7.5 Chi-Chi earthquake (Taiwan). We use a model of coupled heat transport and groundwater flow, constrained by documented water-level changes, to interpret this change. We show that groundwater temperature is sensitive to earthquake-induced flow and the observed temperature decrease may be explained by increased groundwater discharge due to earthquake-enhanced vertical permeability. The result implies that heat flow near active mountain fronts may be lowered by recurrent earthquakes.
The Role of Environmental Factors in the Pathogenesis of Anti-Neutrophil Antibody Associated Vasculitis

This review seeks to critically examine the environmental factors reported to be associated with anti-neutrophil antibody associated systemic vasculitis. The published literature was searched in a systematic fashion. From this emerges strong evidence for a latitude gradient in the case of granulomatous polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatous polyangiitis; both appear more common at high latitudes. Microscopic polyangiitis does not demonstrate this. Latitude affects ultraviolet radiation exposure and the relationship of increased incidence of granulomatous polyangiitis and eosinophilic polyangiitis with decreased ultraviolet radiation exposure is much stronger. The most plausible explanation is vitamin D levels, a hormone known to be vital for normal immune function and largely synthesised in humans secondary to ultraviolet radiation exposure. Case control studies demonstrate a consistent relationship to silica exposure a substance well known to have profound immunological effects. The genetic risk factors for these diseases will be considered and a model of how genes and environment may interact to produce these diseases discussed. Low vitamin D levels, silica exposure, other environmental triggers may interact with genes that influence the immune and inflammatory response to initiate and sustain these diseases. As such, the broad concepts developed about the etiopathogenesis of the anti-neutrophil antibody associated vasculitides shows many parallels to other autoimmune diseases. Much more information is required about both genes and the environment, but the model helps define the questions that need to be answered