Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Citizens’ Perceptions towards e-Governance: Field Study

— E-governance is an emerging and challenging initiative in developing countries. It is not only concerning the provision of services through the use ICT but rather entails building external interactions with citizen and businesses, enhancing democracy and trust of the political institutions of government. It embraces among other principles, openness, accountability and citizen engagement in public policy process. This study aims at finding users’ satisfaction with three chosen dimensions of e-governance, namely: openness, collaborative governance, and participation. These dimensions of e-governance are neither studied before in the context of Arab countries and nor explored earlier in relation to some demographics variables. A study of 900 users of e-government in United Arab Emirates (UAE) was undertaken to examine how gender, age, education, nationality, and employment affect their satisfaction with e-governance. Generally, satisfaction ratings vary significantly with these variables. However, the overall level of satisfaction with the three attributes was less favorable. Knowing the differences of citizen’s perceptions towards e-governance services would help policymakers in the design of effective e-governance strategy. (cid:0)
New Radix-2 to the 4th Power Pipeline FFT Processor

This paper proposes a new modified radix-2 4 FFT algorithm and an efficient pipeline FFT architecture based on this algorithm for OFDM systems. This pipeline FFT architecture has the same number of multipliers as that of the radix-2 2 algorithm. However, the multiplication complexity could be reduced by more than 30% by replacing one half of the programmable multipliers by the newly proposed CSD constant multipliers. From the synthesis simulations of a standard 0. 35μm CMOS SAMSUNG process, a proposed CSD constant complex multiplier achieved more than 60% area efficiency when compared to the conventional programmable complex multiplier. This promoted efficiency could be used to the design of a long length FFT processor in wireless OFDM applications, which needs more power and area efficiency.
Una perspectiva sobre los riesgos y usos de Internet en la adolescencia

En este trabajo se presenta una investigacion en desarrollo centrada en los usos que hacen de Internet los adolescentes, asi como los riesgos a los que potencialmente se enfrentan. Tras dibujar sucintamente el estado de la cuestion, se describe las claves de un proyecto que se esta realizando a nivel nacional entre adolescentes entre 12 y 17 anos y que parte, a su vez, de otro proyecto de investigacion, del que se destacan los principales resultados. Se trata de una propuesta que se caracteriza por combinar la dimension cuantitativa y cualitativa. Asi, se aplica, por un lado, un estudio cuantitativo (gracias a una encuesta) que explora los modos de uso, y riesgos, de Internet entre los jovenes y, por otro lado, un analisis cualitativo a partir de la realizacion de grupos de discusion. El objetivo ultimo, con una perspectiva comprensiva, las creencias, actitudes, opiniones y motivaciones que estan detras de los comportamientos y habitos desarrollados en torno a este objeto tecnologico. Interesa, en particular, la percepcion que los propios adolescentes tienen acerca de los riesgos y oportunidades del uso de Internet.
Comparison of progesterone and progesterone + oestrogen on total and specific uterine proteins in pony mares.

Eight ovariectomized pony mares were used to test the effect of various doses of progesterone (0, 50, 150, 450 mg/day, in oil, i.m., for 10 days) on progesterone and LH in the peripheral circulation, and on total protein and uteroferrin in uterine secretions. Progesterone increased uteroferrin, but there were no differences amongst doses of progesterone. Progesterone treatment decreased LH, and tended to increase total protein. Eighteen ovariectomized mares were given vehicle, oestradiol (10 mg/day, in oil, i.m.), progesterone or progesterone + oestradiol for 28 days. Both the last two steroid treatments significantly increased total protein and uteroferrin in the uterine secretions, compared to vehicle or oestradiol alone. Progesterone + oestradiol increased uteroferrin, but not total protein compared to progesterone. Nine ovariectomized progesterone-primed mares were used to compare systemic and intraluminal administration of oestradiol. There were no differences between routes of administration of oestradiol. In conclusion, administration of progesterone increased total protein and uteroferrin in uterine secretions, and progesterone + oestradiol increased them further.
Frequency of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) non-reducing bacteria in pasteurized milk

ABSTRACT2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) is a dye largely used for enumeration ofmicrobial colonies in solid culture media, being a key component of the dry rehydratablefilm system used for microbiological analysis of food. This dye is colorless in theoxidized form and red when reduced by microorganisms, due to formation of formazan.In this study, TTC was added to Plate Count Agar (PCA) for enumeration ofmicroorganisms in thirty four pasteurized milk samples, with the aim to verify thefrequency of microorganisms that are unable to reduce TTC. Milk samples weredecimally diluted in saline and pour-plated in PCA plus 0.015% TTC. Colonies werecounted after 24h and 48 h of incubation at 35 o C. From a total of 50,574 colonies,19,665 (38.88%) did not reduce TTC in 48h. It was observed that 571 (6.36%) coloniesthat were colorless in 24h became red in 48h. From those that didn™t reduce TTC in48h, 233 were purified and Gram stained. 229 (98.71%) of them were Gram positivecocci and bacilli. The results show that there is a high percentage of microorganismsunable to reduce TTC in pasteurized milk, which cannot be detected by laboratoryprocedures based on the formation of red colonies.Key words: 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride, TTC, pasteurized milk, microbial counts
Prehospital Pediatric Care: Opportunities for Training, Treatment, and Research

Abstract Objective. Pediatric transports comprise approximately 10% of emergency medical services (EMS) requests for aid, but little is known about the clinical characteristics of pediatric EMS patients and the interventions they receive. Our objective was to describe the pediatric prehospital patient cohort in a large metropolitan EMS system. Methods. This retrospective analysis of all pediatric (age <19 years) EMS patients transported from October 2011 to September 2013 was conducted by reviewing a system-wide National EMS Information System (NEMSIS)-compliant database of all EMS patient encounters. We identified the most common primary working assessments, the frequency of abnormal initial vital signs, and the interventions provided. Vital signs included systolic blood pressure (SBP), respiratory (RR) and pulse rate, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), pulse oximetry (Pox), and respiratory effort. We defined abnormal vital signs using previously reported age-specific standards. We identified the working assessments most frequently associated with abnormal vital signs and the working assessments associated with the most commonly performed interventions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results. There were 9,956 pediatric transports, 8.7% of the total call volume. The most common working assessments were “other” (16.1%), respiratory distress (13.7%), seizure (12.4%), and blunt trauma (12.0%). Vital signs were documented at variable rates: RR (91.1%), GCS (82.9%), SBP (71.3%), pulse (69.4%), respiratory effort (49.7%), and Pox (33.5%). Of all transported patients, 61.5% had a documented abnormal initial vital sign. Patients with an abnormal vital sign had the same most common working assessments as those with normal vital signs. Glucometry (16.9%), medication delivery (13.6%), and IV placement (11.5%) were the most common interventions and were most often provided to patients with working assessments of seizure, asthma, trauma, altered consciousness, or “other. ” Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (0.4%), bag mask ventilation (0.4%), and advanced airway (0.4%) occurred rarely and were most often performed for cardiac arrest and trauma. Conclusions. Children made up a small part of EMS providers’ clinical practice; those encountered most frequently had respiratory distress, seizures, trauma, or an undefined assessment (i.e., “other”). EMS providers frequently encounter children with physiologic evidence of acute illness, although vital sign documentation was incomplete. Prehospital providers infrequently perform pediatric interventions. Describing EMS providers’ interaction with children provides the opportunity to target improvements in pediatric prehospital treatment, training, and research.
Regulation of Ribosomal Protein S6 Phosphorylation by Casein Kinase 1 and Protein Phosphatase 1*

Ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) is a critical component of the 40 S ribosomal subunit that mediates translation initiation at the 5′-m7GpppG cap of mRNA. In response to mitogenic stimuli, rpS6 undergoes ordered C-terminal phosphorylation by p70 S6 kinases and p90 ribosomal S6 kinases on four conserved Ser residues (Ser-235, Ser-236, Ser-240, and Ser-244) whose modification potentiates rpS6 cap binding activity. A fifth site, Ser-247, is also known to be phosphorylated, but its function and regulation are not well characterized. In this study, we employed phospho-specific antibodies to show that Ser-247 is a target of the casein kinase 1 (CK1) family of protein kinases. CK1-dependent phosphorylation of Ser-247 was induced by mitogenic stimuli and required prior phosphorylation of upstream S6 kinase/ribosomal S6 kinase residues. CK1-mediated phosphorylation of Ser-247 also enhanced the phosphorylation of upstream sites, which implies that bidirectional synergy between C-terminal phospho-residues is required to sustain rpS6 phosphorylation. Consistent with this idea, CK1-dependent phosphorylation of rpS6 promotes its association with the mRNA cap-binding complex in vitro. Additionally, we show that protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) antagonizes rpS6 C terminus phosphorylation and cap binding in intact cells. These findings further our understanding of rpS6 phospho-regulation and define a direct link between CK1 and translation initiation.
Mitomycin C: Biological Effects and Use in Refractive Surgery

Purpose: To provide an overview of the safety and efficacy of mitomycin C (MMC) as adjuvant therapy after refractive surgery procedures. Methods: Literature review. Results: Over the past 10 years, MMC has been used by refractive surgeons to prophylactically decrease haze after surface ablation procedures and therapeutically in the treatment of preexisting haze. Development of MMC treatments has had a significant role in the revival of surface ablation techniques. We reviewed the literature regarding mechanism of action of MMC, its role in modulating wound healing after refractive surgery, and its safety and efficacy as adjuvant therapy applied after primary photorefractive keratectomy surgery or after photorefractive keratectomy re-treatment after laser in situ keratomileusis and other corneal surgeries and disorders. The drug is a potent mitotic inhibitor that effectively blocks keratocyte activation, proliferation, and myofibroblast differentiation. Many studies have suggested that MMC is safe and effective in doses used by anterior surface surgeons, although there continue to be concerns regarding long-term safety. After initial depletion of anterior keratocytes, keratocyte density seems to return to normal 6 to 12 months after the use of MMC when corneas are examined with the confocal microscope. Most clinical studies found no difference between preoperative and postoperative corneal endothelial cell densities when MMC 0.02% was applied during refractive surgery, with exposure time of 2 minutes or less. Conclusions: After more than 10 years of use, MMC has been found to be effective when used for prevention and treatment of corneal haze. Questions remain regarding optimal treatment parameters and long-term safety.
Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence Among Medical Students in Iran

Background: Spiritual intelligence is an important factor for effective functioning of emotional intelligence. Objectives: The present study was conducted with the aim to determine the relationship between spiritual and emotional intelligence among Iranian medical students. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in 2015 on 324 students, who were selected through stratified random sampling from Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Data were collected using Bradberry-Greaves emotional intelligence and Eysenck spiritual intelligence questionnaires. Results: The participants included 94 males and 230 females. The mean total scores of emotional and spiritual intelligence were 110.52 and 89.37, respectively. The mean score of spiritual intelligence was higher among women in comparison with men, whereas the mean score of emotional intelligence was higher among men. A significant correlation was found between emotional and spiritual intelligence (r, 0.48; P < 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the findings, students’ emotional intelligence can be fostered by reinforcing their spiritual intelligence, and correct behaviors can be promoted in accordance with social values.
Survival of surgical endodontic treatment performed in a dental teaching hospital: a cohort study.

AIM To assess the survival function of surgical endodontic treatment performed at least 1 year before in a dental teaching hospital. METHODOLOGY A total of 194 teeth surgically treated between 1991 and 2001 were recalled and examined clinically and radiographically using a set of strict criteria. The Kaplan-Meier method and log rank test were used to evaluate the survival time. Confounding factors were examined by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS The median survival time of the 154 first-time surgically treated teeth was 92.1 months (95% CI: 40.9-143.4) and that of the 40 resurgery cases was 39.1 months (95% CI: 6.1-72.1) up to the date of recall. There was a significant difference in the length of survival between the two groups. For those first-time surgery cases, the preoperative marginal bone loss and the operator had a significant influence on the survival time (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The survival of surgical endodontic treatment declined nonlinearly with time. The preoperative marginal bone loss, operator and resurgery were important factors affecting the survival of this treatment modality.
Cardiac autonomic dysfunction and ECG abnormalities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus—a comparative cross-sectional study -

Background: Globally, diabetes mellitus has now emerged as a major public health problem, especially in India. Diabetic neuropathy may occur in nearly half of the patients with long-standing diabetes mellitus. In diabetes mellitus, the determinants of cardiac autonomic dysfunction were duration of diabetes, extent of glycemic control, age, and gender. Aims and Objective: To study the various ECG abnormalities in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients when compared with control subjects. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out as a hospital-based cross-sectional study among 50 diabetic patients and 50 ageand sex-matched control subjects. Resting ECG was recorded among study and control groups and compared. SPSS, version 20.0, was used for statistical analysis; unpaired t test was used to test the statistical difference in comparison of means, and a p value of o0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: The study results showed that certain ECG changes such as resting heart rate, RR interval, PR interval, QRS axis, and QTc interval significantly varied between study and control groups. Abnormal heart rate response to deep breathing and postural hypotension were observed at higher frequency among patients with diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Evaluation of various cardiovascular reflexes and ECG in type 2 diabetic patients may serve as a feasible technique to determine the presence of cardiac dysautonomia.
Toward low-flying autonomous MAV trail navigation using deep neural networks for environmental awareness

We present a micro aerial vehicle (MAV) system, built with inexpensive off-the-shelf hardware, for autonomously following trails in unstructured, outdoor environments such as forests. The system introduces a deep neural network (DNN) called TrailNet for estimating the view orientation and lateral offset of the MAV with respect to the trail center. The DNN-based controller achieves stable flight without oscillations by avoiding overconfident behavior through a loss function that includes both label smoothing and entropy reward. In addition to the TrailNet DNN, the system also utilizes vision modules for environmental awareness, including another DNN for object detection and a visual odometry component for estimating depth for the purpose of low-level obstacle detection. All vision systems run in real time on board the MAV via a Jetson TX1. We provide details on the hardware and software used, as well as implementation details. We present experiments showing the ability of our system to navigate forest trails more robustly than previous techniques, including autonomous flights of 1 km.
A Framework for the Analysis and Comparison of Hypermedia Design Methods

Due to increasing size and complexity of hypermedia and web applications, there is growing concern by how to develop quality, reusable and maintainable hypermedia systems. In fact, a series of well-defined design methods have been proposed to be used during the design process. In this paper, we propose a framework of reference based on software and hypermedia engineering fields in order to perform a constructive analysis of the most outstanding methods to date such as HDM, RMM, OOHDM, Autoweb, WebML, UWE and OO-H method. With this survey, we attempt to help developers to select which method is the most suitable for their needs. Moreover, from this analysis some lacks in the hypermedia development process are revealed.
The effect of basolateral amygdala nucleus lesion on memory under acute,mid and chronic stress in male rats.

BACKGROUND/AIM The basolateral amygdala (BLA) modulates memory for emotional events and is involved in both stress and memory. This study investigated different durations of stress and the role of BLA on serum corticosterone level and spatial and cognitive memory. MATERIALS AND METHODS Different durations of stress (acute, mid, and chronic stress), with and without BLA lesion were induced in rats by 6 h/day restraint stress for 1, 7, and 21 days. Memory functions were evaluated by novel object recognition (NOR) and object location test (OLT). RESULTS The OLT findings showed locomotor activity and spatial memory slightly decreased with different durations of stress. The NOR findings significantly showed locomotor activity impairment in different durations of stress. Cognitive memory deficit was observed in mid stress. The corticosterone level significantly increased in the mid and chronic stress groups. Moreover, the mid stress was the strongest stress condition. There is a possibility that different stress durations act by different mechanisms. The recognition of a novel location decreased in all lesion groups. It was more severe in the NOR. The BLA lesion significantly decreased corticosterone level in the mid and chronic stress groups compared to similar groups without lesion. CONCLUSION The BLA lesion caused more damage to cognitive than spatial memory in stressed groups.
Bringing science to market: commercializing from NIH SBIR awards

We offer empirical information on the correlates of commercialization activity for research projects funded through the US National Institutes of Health's (NIH's) Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) award program. Based on this analysis we suggest possible recommendations for improving this aspect of the performance of NIH's SBIR program. Specifically, we estimate a model of the probability of commercialization as a function of the project's ability to attract additional developmental funding, along with other control variables. We find that additional developmental funding from non-SBIR federal sources and from own internal sources are important predictors of commercialization success, relatively more so than additional developmental funding from venture capitalists. We also find, among other things, that university involvement in the underlying research increases the probability of commercialization. Thus, these factors should be considered by NIH when making awards, if increased commercialization is an objective.
Las externalidades de los Programas de Transferencias Condicionadas sobre el crimen: el caso de Familias en Acción en Bogotá

En este trabajo estudiamos los efectos indirectos del mayor programa de transferencias condicionadas (PTC) de Colombia, Familias en Accion, sobre los niveles de criminalidad en el area urbana de la ciudad de Bogota. Para realizar este estudio combinamos las siguientes dos fuentes de informacion: el Sistema de Informacion de beneficiarios de Familias en Accion (SIFA) y los reportes administrativos de criminalidad de la Policia Nacional. En el estudio evaluamos dos posibles canales por los cuales Familias en Accion puede afectar los niveles de criminalidad. Por un lado, el efecto ingreso, para el cual explotamos la variacion existente en las fechas de pago del programa. Nuestros resultados indican que a traves de este efecto el programa reduce el crimen a la propiedad.
Hemodynamic effects caused by i.v. administration of verapamil in healthy subjects.

The hemodynamic data obtained after rapid i.v. administration of verapamil (Isoptin) (7.5-12.5 mg) to 7 healthy subjects are presented and discussed. The drug caused an early and statistically significant increase in heart rate and output with concomitant decrease of blood pressure (mainly diatolic) and peripheral resistance. Negative inotropic effects were not observed by the decreased peripheral resistance probably masks any possible negative inotropic effects of the drug.
Transcriptional repression: the long and the short of it.

Gene-specific repression of transcription plays a central role in gene regulation. This is true for the spatial control of gene activity in development, during which boundaries of gene expression are often determined by the spatially restricted localization or activity of transcriptional repressors (Mannervik et al. 1999). It is also true for the control of gene expression by extracellular signals, in which genes are often maintained in an off state by repressor proteins until signal transduction alleviates the repression (e.g., Roose and Clevers 1999). One of the most useful ways of categorizing repressors is according to whether they mediate long-range or short-range repression (Gray and Levine 1996b). In longrange repression, a repressor makes a promoter resistant to the influence of all enhancers, even if those enhancers are located thousands of base pairs from the repressor binding site. This kind of repression is often referred to as silencing because an entire chromosomal locus is inactivated. In contrast, short-range repressors function in a less general manner. Rather than interfering with all transcription at a locus, they block the function of nearby DNA-bound activators while not interfering with more distantly bound activators. In this review, we discuss examples of both long-range and short-range repression, showing that long-range repression may often involve the assembly of a multiprotein complex termed a repressosome that is analogous in many ways to the enhanceosomes known to mediate activation. Furthermore, we discuss how both long-range and short-range repression may involve the recruitment of histone deacetylases to the template and discuss models that may allow these enzymes to mediate both types of repression. Finally, we consider the possibility that interactions between repressors and the basal machinery as well as between repressors and activators play roles in long-range and short-range repression.