Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in the development and structure of Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula Pers. root under aluminum stress conditions

Roots of radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula Pers.) of Rowa cv. seedlings grown in water cultures (pH 4.3) have been tested. Aluminum as AlCl3·6H2O has been applied at 0, 10, 20 and 40 mg·dm -3 concentrations. Inhibition of the growth of root elon- gation and the following changes of root morphology have been observed after aluminum treatment: browning and thickening, root cap elongation or falling off, bending of the apex root and cracks on its surface. Roots have been characterized with the change of hair length and lateral zones. First lateral roots occurred closer to the basal root apex than first hair. Reduction of hair length was noticed too. Atrophy of outer root tissues has been ac- companied by great enlargement of cortex cells size as a result of their hypertrophy.
Comparison of Induction Abortion in the First Trimester Using Misoprostol Alone and Misoprostol With Estrogen Priming

Objectives: Miscarriage is defined as the loss of pregnancy before the 20 weeks of gestational age. This study was conducted to compare the induction abortion in the first trimester using misoprostol alone and misoprostol with estrogen priming. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted in Ali ibn-e Abitalib hospital of Zahedan in 2017. A total of 100 women with missed abortions under 14 weeks of gestational age were evaluated. The women were randomly assigned into the misoprostol alone and misoprostol with estrogen priming groups. Ultrasound was done to evaluate the presence of remnants 4 hours after the abortion. If it was less than 10 mm, the abortion was considered successful. Results: The success rate was 38% in the misoprostol group and 86% in the misoprostol with estrogen priming group. Conclusions: Overall, this study showed that estrogen increases the success rate of abortion and reduces the time to abortion.
A pilot study to determine the effects of lean beef consumption on markers of metabolic syndrome

Statement of Objective: To determine the effects of a diet that provides 30% energy from protein with 1⁄2 as lean, red meat on risk factors of metabolic syndrome in humans. Design, Setting, and Participants: A 3-month, randomized, control, intervention trial with 33 participants (Beef-Intervention n=18; DASH-Control n=15) with markers of metabolic syndrome. Registered Dietitians Nutritionists recruited and educated participants on BeefIntervention Lean Beef Pattern, (30% of energy from protein with 1⁄2 as lean red meat, 40% carbohydrate, 30% fat) or DASH-Control dietary pattern, (15% of energy from protein, 55% carbohydrate, and 30 % fat). Of the 33 participants who completed the study; 21 were female and 12 male. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Bodyweight (BW), fasting serum lipoproteins [total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG)], hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), dietary satisfaction, and general health status were assessed at baseline and post intervention. A three-day diet journal was collected to assess for calorie and macronutrient intake at baseline and post-intervention. Repeated measures analysis was used to determine group differences from baseline to post-intervention and for interactions. Variables were checked for normality, and non-normal variables were transformed prior to analysis. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: There were no significant changes in total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C. There was a significant time by group interaction effect for TG (baseline to post; Beef-Intervention 207±87mg/dL to 148±53; DASH-Control, 200±88 to 193±96.) Both groups had decreased BW and HgA1c from baseline to post. Those assigned to Beef-Intervention demonstrated compliance Functional Foods in Health and Disease 2016; 6(7): 440-451 Page 441 of 451 with dietary instructions that included 1⁄2 of 30% total calories from protein as lean red meat (baseline to post-intervention; 34.8%±17.7% to 30%±26.8%). Both groups reported a higher level of current dietary satisfaction, a higher level of general health, and walking minutes and total increases in physical activity. Conclusion and Implications: Lipid parameters, BW, and HbA1C of participants with metabolic syndrome randomized to the Beef-Intervention promoting 30% energy from protein with 1⁄2 as lean, red meat had outcomes that were similar or improved to those randomized to DASH-Control diet. The implication is, although larger studies in greater numbers still need to be done, that the inclusion of LRM in calorie-reduced diets may be used short term as an alternative to the DASH diet for those with MetS for weight and TG reduction.
Efficient in vitro propagation from preconditioned embryonic axes of Turkish cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) cultivar Akkiz

Cowpea is an important grain legume crop. The study reports an efficient in vitro multiplication and shoots regeneration protocol from preconditioned embryonic axes of the Turkish cowpea cultivar Akkiz. The embryonic axes were preconditioned with 10 mg/l BA on agar solidified MS medium for 5 days. Thereafter they were cultured on MS medium containing 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 mg/l BA with or without 0.10 mg/l NAA. Mean frequency (%) of shoot regeneration, number of shoots per explant and shoot length decreased with each increase in BA concentration used singly. However, a positive increase was recorded in all parameters in the presence of 0.10 mg/l NAA in the regeneration medium. A maximum mean number of 10.33 shoots per explant was recorded on an MS medium containing 1.00 mg/l BA -0.1 mg/l NAA. Regenerated shoots were rooted on an MS medium containing 0.50 mg/l IBA. Rooted plants were acclimatized at room temperature in soil mix contained in pots where they were subjected to an intermittent mist- water spray for 24 h that maintained 90% relative humidity during the first few days which was gradually reduced to 40% for 10 days. All plants flowered and set seeds in a greenhouse after 3 months.
A note on poverty among ethnic minorities in the Northwest region of Vietnam

This article is the first to investigate both community and household determinants of poverty among ethnic minorities in the Northwest region of Vietnam. Results of a fractional logit and a logit model show that fixed assets, education and off-farm employment, among other household factors, have a strongly reducing effect on both the intensity and incidence of poverty. Furthermore, some commune characteristics were found to be closely linked to poverty. Notably, the presence of means of transport and post offices significantly reduces both poverty intensity and incidence. However, other commune and household factors affect only poverty incidence or intensity but not both. Hence, a typical approach using a logit/probit model that only examined the determinants of poverty incidence did not adequately evaluate or even ignored important impacts of some factors on poverty intensity. We draw both socio-economic household and commune level implications for poverty alleviation in the study area.
Trade-off between root nitrogen acquisition and shoot nitrogen utilization across 13 co-occurring pasture grass species

Summary 1. Although plant nitrogen (N) strategies may play an important role for community structure and ecosystem functioning, there is not a clear understanding of the link between N acquisition by roots and N utilization by shoots. Particularly, it is unclear how the co-variations between size- and physiology-related traits determine N acquisition and N utilization at the plant scale. 2. We used 13 co-occurring temperate pasture grasses to study inter-specific variations in above-ground N yield and in root N acquisition and shoot N utilization traits. N acquisition traits concerned root influx capacities for and , root mass and specific root area in ingrowth cores. N utilization traits concerned leaf life span, leaf N content, leaf N resorption, mean residence time of N and leaf N use efficiency. 3. We found evidence for three trade-offs across species concerning root N acquisition: (i) root mass increased when specific root area declined; (ii) an increase in root area was observed when total N influx capacity decreased; and (iii) root influx capacity increased when capacity declined. 4. High total root uptake capacity gave rise to high leaf N content and was associated across species to low leaf N use efficiency. Tall grasses were characterized by high shoot N yield, high root biomass and high leaf N use efficiency. Physiology-related traits and size-related traits were generally found independent. 5. Our study demonstrates how size and N uptake related root traits are associated to major axes of plant specialization ((i) plant size and (ii) conservation vs. exploitation of N) which were previously identified based on shoot traits. Contrasted N strategies were segregated across species according to four combinations along these two axes.
Microbusinesses and Occupational Stress: Emotional Demands, Job Resources, and Depression Among Korean Immigrant Microbusiness Owners in Toronto, Canada

Objectives While occupational stress has long been a central focus of psychological research, few studies have investigated how immigrant microbusiness owners (MBOs) respond to their unusually demanding occupation, or how their unresolved occupational stress manifests in psychological distress. Based on the job demands-resources model, this study compared MBOs to employees with regard to the relationships among emotional demands, job resources, and depressive symptoms. Methods Data were derived from a cross-sectional survey of 1288 Korean immigrant workers (MBOs, professionals, office workers, and manual workers) aged 30 to 70, living in Toronto and surrounding areas. Face-to-face interviews were conducted between March 2013 and November 2013. Results Among the four occupational groups, MBOs appeared to endure the greatest level of emotional demands, while reporting relatively lower levels of job satisfaction and job security; but MBOs reported the greatest job autonomy. The effect of emotional demands on depressive symptoms was greater for MBOs than for professionals. However, an inspection of stress-resource interactions indicated that though MBOs enjoyed the greatest autonomy, the protective effects of job satisfaction and security on the psychological risk of emotional demands appeared to be more pronounced for MBOs than for any of the employee groups. Conclusions One in two Korean immigrants choose self-employment, most typically in family-owned microbusinesses that involve emotionally taxing dealings with clients and suppliers. However, the benefits of job satisfaction and security may protect MBOs from the adverse mental health effects of job stress.
Estimating the Demand for Money in an Unstable Open Economy: The Case of the Fiji Islands

In this paper, we estimate Fiji's money demand function for the period 1971-2002 based on the bounds testing approach to cointegration, which is applicable irrespective of whether or not the underlying variables are non-stationary. We estimate models with and without a time trend and for lag lengths ranging from 1-3, but fail to find any evidence for a long-run relationship. Moreover, our structural break analysis suggests that the unstable nature of Fiji's money demand may be due to atypical events, such as coups; the implementation of policies, such as devaluations and value added tax; and the onset of trade liberalisation policies over the last two decades.
Reflections and Conceptions Analysis of the Neosphere’s Actors on Teaching Pole Vault Activity throw Physical Education Program

This study described specific characteristics of the Questionnaire of Trainers’ Conceptions (QTC) for neosphere’s actors used to assess the trainers’ conception thinking about new useful practice of pole vault in physical education program. The purpose of this study is to analyze its subscales and items validity and reliability in a sample of trainers from Tunisia. The questionnaire was applied to 238 actors of neospher, beside with five subscales to measure trainers’ conception (strategy, orientation, expectations, personality and security). Results concerning factor validity, highlighted the coherence between the internal structure of the questionnaire throw an exploratory factor analyses and a confirmatory factor analyses with Cronbach's alphas range between (0.73 and 0.94). Regarding criterion validity, the QTC subscales are positively correlated and determined between (r = 0.44 and r = 0.79; p < 0.01). The reliability of the questionnaire factors and items are both adequate. It is concluded that the construct is valid and reliable through our population study.
Linking Top Management Support and IT Infrastructure with Organizational Performance: Mediating Role of Knowledge Application LIER AUX APPUIS DU TOP MANAGEMENT ET D'INFRASTRUCTURE EN ITT AVEC LA PERFORMANCE ORGANISATIONNELLE : ROLE MEDIATEUR DE LA DEMANDE DES CONNAISSANCES

The current study is conducted with the objective to measure the infl uence of top management support and IT infrastructure on knowledge application and the effects of knowledge application on organizational performance. Moreover, the mediating effects of knowledge application between the relationship of management support and IT infrastructure with organizational performance have also been investigated. Data has been collected from branch managers, operation management and other key position holders from different branches of all local private, local nationalized and foreign banks working in Pakistan. As per fi ndings, both management support and IT infrastructure has positive and significant effect on knowledge application and also knowledge application has positive significant impact on organizational performance. Moreover, knowledge application has significant mediating role between the relationship of management support and IT infrastructur e and organizational performance. The study is concluded with the implications, limitations and future area of this topic to be explored in future.
Factors affecting the outcome in surgically treated civilian penetrating head injury: Case series

Penetrating brain injury (PBI) is any injury that causes penetration of the scalp, skull, meninges, and brain. It is a traumatic brain injury caused by either low-velocity sharp objects (e.g. a knife), high-velocity projectiles (shell fragment or bullets) or blast injury is the consequence of the detonation of complex explosives with or without PBI and closed head injury. To evaluate the factors (pre-operative and operative) that affect the surgical outcome of civilian PBI. This study was done from February 2017 to October 2018 prospectively & retrospectively. The study involved only the civilian patients that got a penetrating head injury and surgically treated in Neurosurgical Teaching Hospital/Baghdad/Iraq. The data include thirty-nine (39) operated patients with PBI. Data information includes the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), radiological investigations (computerized tomov graphy (CT-scan) and plain X-ray) the outcome determined by Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS). The patients were followed up during the time of hospitalization. The surgical outcome of the penetrating head injury in this study was assessed by GOS and was as follow, good recovery 10 patients (25.6%), moderately disabled 11 patients (28.2%), severely disabled 5 patients (12.8%), vegetative 6 patients (15.4%), Dead 7 patients (18.0%). Good outcome 21 patients 53.8% while poor outcome 18 patients 46.2%. GCS is significant factor (p-value = 0.002), time not affecting, CT-finding is significant factor (p-value = 0.000), blood pressure >= 90 mm Hg is a good predictor factor (p-value =0.001), speech difficulty is poor predictor factor (p-value = 0.004), outcome of inlet alone better than inlet and outlet. There are many factors affecting the surgical outcome in civilian penetrating head injury, and the significant factor is pre-operative GCS, CT-scan which is the best radiological investigation for pre-operative and post-operative assessment and show the details of the injury, blood pressure > = 90 mm Hg which is a good prognostic factor.
Evaluation of Acetal Resin and Cobalt-Chromium Clasp Deformation and Fatigue Resistance in Removable Partial Denture Clasps - An In Vitro Study

Purpose: this study was aimed to evaluate the fatigue resistance (amount of clasp deformation) of acetal resin clasps and Cobalt-Chrome (Co-Cr) clasps after attachment/detachment cycles on abutment teeth with two different undercuts. Materials and Method: Twenty models were constructed by placing either an upper 1st premolar or upper 1st molar inside an acrylic rectangular block. Models were divided according to the abutment teeth into two groups (GI for 1st premolars group and GII for 1st molars group), 10 each. Each group was divided into two subgroups according the framework material, SGA for acetal resin clasp and SGC for Co-Cr clasp. Each testing models and its framework were mounted inside universal testing machine (Lloyd instruments Ltd, England). Cycling was carried out for each specimen till 2920 cycles. The data of the amount of clasp deformation after cycling were collected and tabulated. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using student’s t and paired t tests. Results: After 2920 cycles, the mean values and standard deviations of the clasp deformation for SGIC, SGIA, SGIIC and SGIIA were 0.0532±0.006, 0.007±0.003, 0.04323±0.0048 and 0.0275±0.004 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Co-Cr clasps had significant clasp deformation more than acetal resin clasps. Increase the thickness of cross section of the acetal resin clasp more than 1 mm was recommended in case of engaging undercut more than 0.25 mm.
Nixtamalization assisted with ultrasound: effect on mass transfer and physicochemical properties of nixtamal, masa and tortilla

Resumen Se evalu´o el efecto del ultrasonido durante la nixtamalizaci on a diferentes temperaturas en las propiedades de nixtamal,´o ma ´iz blanco a 85 y 95 oC, con y sin ultrasonido (843 W m 2 ). Se determinaron cineticasde remocion de pericarpio, de absorci´ on de agua y calcio, coeﬁcientes de difusi´ ´on aparente ( D A ) a partir de la segunda leyde Fick, propiedades termicas y estructurales de las harinas nixtamalizadas y textura de masa y tortillas. El ultrasonido y´la temperatura afectaron signiﬁcativamente a las cineticas de absorci´ ´on de agua y calcio, mostrando una tendencia lineal yasintotica durante la cocci´ ´on y el reposo, respectivamente. Estas fueron descritas adecuadamente por el modelo de Fick,y el ultrasonido incremento signiﬁcativamente el´ D A de agua (2.54-3.9310 10 m 2 s 1 ). M´as del 80% del pericarpio fueremovido durante la coccion. La entalp´ ´ia de gelatinizaci ´on mostr o una disminuci´ ´on a 95 oC. Las im agenes de microscop´ ´iamostraron granulos esf´ ´ericos y poligonales a 85 oC, y una p ´erdida de su forma con incrementos en el di ´ametro por efectodel ultrasonido (95 oC). La nixtamalizacion asistida con ultrasonido redujo el tiempo de proceso comparado con un proceso´tradicional o industrial.Palabras clave: nixtamalizaci´on, ultrasonido, calcio, textura, tortilla.
The effect of thermally pulsating asymptotic giant branch stars on the evolution of the rest-frame near-infrared galaxy luminosity function

We address the fundamental question of matching the rest-frame K-band luminosity function (LF) of galaxies over the Hubble time using semi-analytic models after modification of the stellar population modelling. We include the Maraston evolutionary synthesis models, which feature a higher contribution by the thermally pulsating asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) stellar phase, into three different semi-analytic models, namely the De Lucia and Blaizot version of the Munich model, morgana and the Menci model. We leave all other input physics and parameters unchanged. We find that the modification of the stellar population emission can solve the mismatch between models and the observed rest-frame K-band luminosity from the brightest galaxies derived from UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey data at high redshift. For all explored semi-analytic models, this holds at the redshifts – between 2 and 3 – where the discrepancy was recently pointed out. The reason for the success is that at these cosmic epochs the model galaxies have the right age (∼1 Gyr) to contain a well-developed TP-AGB phase, which makes them redder without the need of changing their mass or age. We have also computed a version of the Munich model using the Charlot and Bruzual models that adopt the Marigo TP-AGB prescription and find the same result as that with the Maraston models. At the same time, the known overestimation of the faint end is enhanced in the K band when including the TP-AGB contribution. At lower redshifts (z < 2) some of the explored models deviate from the data. This is due to short merging time-scales and inefficient ‘radio-mode’ active galactic nucleus feedback. Our results show that a strong evolution in mass predicted by hierarchical models is compatible with no evolution on the bright end of the K-band LF from z= 3 to the local universe. This means that, at high redshifts and contrary to what is commonly accepted, K-band emission is not necessarily a good tracer of galaxy mass.
Do firm-to-segment reconcilable earnings differences affect stock prices ?

While SFAS No. 131 is intended to increase the transparency of financial reporting using a “management approach”, it may reduce shareholders’ ability to interpret segment disclosures relative to the ‘industry approach’ employed under SFAS No.14. This study investigates whether firm-segment reconcilable differences (FSD) affect stock prices and whether abnormal returns can be earned using information about two components of earnings: aggregated segment earnings and FSDs. We compute FSDs as the difference between firm-level consolidated earnings and aggregated segment-level earnings. Firms that report negative FSDs have greater sales and profitability, greater return on equity, as well as more operating cash flows and firm growth. This suggests firms that report aggregated segment earnings greater than firmlevel consolidated earnings may better off financially as a firm. Our findings show that mispricing does occur, when firms report positive FSDs, by the market underestimating FSD persistence. Investors can also earn positive abnormal returns when investors take a long (short) position with the portfolio with the highest (lowest) absolute FSDs. On the contrary, we find investors earn negative abnormal returns when firms report negative FSDs. Collectively, this study provides evidence that mispricing occurs and that investors over/under estimate the importance and/or persistence of FSDs. JEL classification: M41
Comparative study of efficacy and safety of garenoxacin and moxifloxacin in acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis in COPD patients

Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB) is very common problem in COPD patients. Exacerbation is defined as an acute event characterized by a worsening of the patient's respiratory symptoms that is beyond normal day-to-day variations that need changes in medication. COPD exacerbations are important because they are associated with significant morbidity, health care cost and mortality. The Indian Study on Epidemiology of Asthma, Respiratory Symptoms and Chronic Bronchitis in Adults funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research had shown that the overall prevalence of chronic bronchitis in adults > 35 years is 3.49% and this study shows that COPD is an important public health problem in India.