Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cocconeis Ehrenberg taxa (Bacillariophyta) with a marginal row of simple processes: relationship with the valvocopula system and distinctive features of related taxa

As first observed on a group of taxa related to Cocconeis peltoides Hustedt, several other Cocconeis Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyta) taxa possess a row of minute marginal pores on the external side of their sternum valve (SV) connected to small and simple internal portules, or processes. These processes are often located in continuity with the striae, but can also be slightly shifted or distant from the distal areola of the striae. The row of pores is often, but not always, externally separated from the stria by a crista marginalis. Within Cocconeis, and possibly all raphid diatoms, these processes seem unique and restricted to a few taxa. A list is presented of the taxa pertaining (or close) to Cocconeis that are actually known to share these micro-structures. In addition, the morphological variability of the processes is described in detail and a morphological comparison of the taxa is provided. The characteristic features of taxa showing a row of SV processes permit the tentative definition of several morphological groups. It is difficult to prove the taxonomic affiliation of these taxa and demonstrate or refute that these processes are ancestral characters. Some of these taxa are rare and restricted to low latitudes (e.g., tropical taxa) while others are frequent and ubiquitous.
Predicting Social Interactions from Different Sources of Location-based Knowledge

—Recent research has shown that digital online geo-location traces are new and valuable sources to predict social interactions between users, e.g. check-ins via FourSquare or geo-location information in Flickr images. Interestingly, if we look at related work in this area, research studying the extent to which social interactions can be predicted between users by taking more than one location-based knowledge source into account does not exist. To contribute to this ﬁeld of research, we have collected social interaction data of users in an online social network called My Second Life and three related location-based knowledge sources of these users (monitored locations, shared locations and favored locations), to show the extent to which social interactions between users can be predicted. Using supervised and unsupervised machine learning techniques, we ﬁnd that on the one hand the same location-based features ( e.g. the common regions and common observations) perform well across the three different sources. On the other hand, we ﬁnd that the shared location information is better suited to predict social interactions between users than monitored or favored location information of the user.
Local and global dynamics in technological development: a socio-cognitive perspective on knowledge flows and lessons from reinforced concrete

Although knowledge flows are a popular concept, the underlying dynamics are not well understood. This article develops a perspective that conceptualises the social and cognitive activities that make knowledge flows possible. Dynamics involve interactions between local and global levels, and dedicated aggregation activities by intermediary actors. An idealtypical four-phased pattern is developed to understand the creation of global knowledge. The socio-cognitive perspective is illustrated with a historical case study, the emergence of reinforced concrete (1850–1940). The concluding section formulates policy implications for nurturing the emergence of radically new technologies. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.
The influence of hospital organizational culture on organizational commitment among nursing executives

That hospital organizational culture influences organizational commitment is an assumption implicitly held by many researchers; however, relatively few empirical studies have provided detailed insight into organizational performance by hospital executives. The purpose of this study aims to examine the impact of hospital organizational culture on organizational commitment among hospital nursing executives in Taiwan. The randomly stratified sampling method is used in this study to select 106 hospital’s nursing executives from 24 medical centers in Taiwan. The data is analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and hierarchy regression analysis. A positive relationship between hospital organizational culture and organizational commitment has been reported in this study. Regression analyses also reveal that the total score on hospital organizational culture is a good predictor of organizational commitment. For the three subscales of organizational commitment, only normative commitment and affective commitment were significant. The insights garnered from the study may help nursing executives to develop specific policies to create a more positive hospital organizational culture. Implications and suggestions for future research are provided in the study. Key words: Hospital organizational culture, organizational commitment, nursing executives.
X Finger Braille Teaching System

Deafblindness is a condition that combines varying degrees of both hearing and visual impairment. All deafblind people experience problems with communication, access to information, and mobility. Deafblind people use many different communication media, depending on the age of onset of deafness and blindness and the available resources. For example, “deafblind manual alphabet” is a method of spelling out words onto a deafblind person's hand. Each letter is denoted by a particular sign or place on the hand. “Block” is a manual form of communication where words are spelled out on the palm of the deafblind person's hand. “Hands on signing” is based on sign language. With this system, the deafblind person follows the signs by placing his hands over those of the signer and feeling the signs formed. “Yubi-Tenji” (Finger Braille) is one of the tactual communication media developed by Satoshi Fukushima in Japan (see Fig. 1). In Finger Braille, the index finger, middle finger and ring finger of both hands function like the keys of a Braille typewriter. A sender dots Braille code on the fingers of a receiver as if typing on a Braille typewriter. The receiver is assumed to be able to recognize the Braille code. Deafblind people who are skilled in Finger Braille can understand speech conversation and express various emotions because of the prosody (intonation) of Finger Braille (Fukushima, 1997). Because there is such a small number of non-disabled people who are skilled in Finger Braille, deafblind people communicate only through an interpreter.
Control of Magnetization Dynamics in Ni 81 Fe 19 Thin Films Through the Use of Rare-Earth Dopants

We show that the magnetization dynamics of soft ferromagnetic thin films can be tuned using rare-earth (RE) dopants. Low concentrations (2 to 10%) of Tb in 50 nm Ni81Fe19 films are found to increase the Gilbert magnetic damping parameter over two orders of magnitude without great effect on easy axis coercivity or saturation magnetization. Comparison with Gd dopants indicates that the orbital character of the Tb moment is important for transferring magnetic energy to the lattice. Structural transformations from the crystalline to the amorphous state, observed over the first 2%–10% of RE doping, may play a contributing but not sufficient role in damping in these films. The approach demonstrated here shows promise for adjusting the dynamical response, from underdamped to critically damped, in thin film materials for magnetic devices
Earnings-Related Information, Cognitive Bias, and the Disposition Effect

This paper discusses the reaction of investors in the Taiwan stock market to the most probable unknown earnings-related information and the most probable known earnings-related information. As compared with the previous literature regarding the effect of an official announcement of earnings forecast revision, this paper further analyzes investors’ cognitive bias toward the unknown and known earnings-related information, and the role of media during the investors' reactions to the foresaid information shocks. The empirical results show that both the unknown and known earnings-related information provides useful information content for a stock market. In addition, cognitive bias and disposition effect are the behavioral pitfalls that commonly occur in the process of the investors' reactions to the earnings-related information. Finally, media coverage has a remarkable influence upon the investors' trading decisions. Keywords—Cognitive bias, role of media, disposition effect, earnings-related information, behavioral pitfall.
Quantified sensitivity of small lake sediments to record historic earthquakes: Implications for paleoseismology

Seismic hazard assessment is a critical but challenging issue for modern societies. A key parameter to be estimated is the recurrence interval of damaging earthquakes. This requires the establishment of earthquake records long enough to be relevant, i.e., far longer than historical observations. We study how lake sediments can be used for this purpose and explore conditions that enable lake sediments to record earthquakes. This was achieved (i) through the compilation of eight lake‐sediment sequences from the European Alps to reconstruct chronicles of mass movement deposits and (ii) through the comparison of these chronicles with the well‐documented earthquake history. This allowed 24 occurrences of mass movements to be identified, of which 21 were most probably triggered by an earthquake. However, the number of earthquake‐induced deposits varies between lakes of a same region, suggesting variable thresholds of the lake sequences to record earthquake shaking. These thresholds have been quantified by linking the mass movement occurrences in a single lake to both intensity and distance of the triggering earthquakes. This method offers a quantitative approach to estimate locations and intensities of past earthquake epicenters. Finally, we explored which lake characteristics could explain the various sensitivities. Our results suggest that sedimentation rate should be larger than 0.5 mm yr−1 so that a given lake records earthquakes in moderately active seismotectonic regions. We also postulate that an increasing sedimentation rate may imply an increasing sensitivity to earthquake shaking. Hence, further paleoseismological studies should control carefully that no significant change in sedimentation rates occurs within a record, which could falsify the assessment of earthquake recurrence intervals.
A New Look at an Old Petroleum Province

New petroleum paradigms in mature basins can be derived from re-examining geological parameters without bias of preceding theory. Kansas has a long history of oil and gas production with over 300,000 wells drilled. Precambrian basement faults in Kansas control the development of later structures, and probably, reservoirs. This study and re-interpretation of geologic history has identified a possible new play along reverse and thrust faults of the Humboldt Fault Zone along the eastern margin of the Nemaha uplift. This paper also suggests that the lack of significant petroleum production in the Salina basin is the result of migration barriers created by faults at the junction of two major fracture trends, rather than by limited local generation and migration.
Sections of Surface Bundles and Lefschetz

We investigate the possible self-intersection numbers for sections of surface bundles and Lefschetz fibrations over surfaces. When the fiber genus g and the base genus h are positive, we prove that the adjunction bound 2h−2 is the only universal bound on the self-intersection number of a section of any such genus g bundle and fibration. As a side result, in the mapping class group of a surface with boundary, we calculate the precise value of the commutator lengths of all powers of a Dehn twist about a boundary component, concluding that the stable commutator length of such a Dehn twist is 1/2. We furthermore prove that there is no upper bound on the number of critical points of genus–g Lefschetz fibrations over surfaces with positive genera admitting sections of maximal self-intersection, for g ≥ 2.
Polysemy in the Mental Lexicon

The method of this invention pertains to preventing skin abrasions and the like in patients whose legs are substantially locked together in juxtaposition. The method comprises the taking of an elongated flexible planar pad with a length extending from above the patient's knees to the bottom of the patient's foot. The width of the pad is approximately one-half of the girth of one of the patient's legs. The pad is placed between the patient's legs so that the opposite sides of the pad cover the inner surface of at least one leg from a point above the knee to a point substantially to the bottom of the foot of one leg. The pad is affixed to one leg of the patient at points above the knee and above the ankle of one leg to hold the pad against any substantial movement with respect to the one leg. The apparatus of this invention comprises a pad for the foregoing method. The pad is a flexible planar pad having a top, a bottom, side edges, and opposite leg engaging surfaces. The leg engaging surfaces comprise a soft resilient material so that the skin and flesh of the inner portion of a patient's legs will be protected from abrasive action. A first strap means is secured to the pad adjacent its upper end for securing the pad to a patient's leg just above the knee. A second strap means is secured to the pad adjacent the bottom thereof for securing the pad to the patient's leg just above the ankle. Tubular tape elements are sewn adjacent slot openings that accommodate the strap means. Rigid stays extend through the tape elements.
Large-Scale Evaluations of Curricular Effectiveness

We use data from one of the few states where information on curriculum adoptions is available—Indiana—to empirically evaluate differences in performance across three elementary-mathematics curricula. The three curricula that we evaluate were popular nationally during the time of our study, and two of the three remain popular today. We find large differences in effectiveness between the curricula, most notably between the two that held the largest market shares in Indiana. Both are best characterized as traditional in pedagogy. We also show that the publisher of the least-effective curriculum did not lose market share in Indiana in the following adoption cycle; one explanation is that educational decision makers lack information about differences in curricular effectiveness.
Intermittent Dosing of Cinacalcet is also Effective in Treating Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Hemodialysis Patients

Background: The calcimimetic, cinacalcet hydrochloride acting on the calcium-sensing receptors is being used quite often in the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). It is given in daily dose of 30-180 mg but there have not been enough comparative trials with intermittent dosing schedule. Aim: To evaluate effectiveness of daily cinacalcet hydrochloride dose and its 3 weekly doses in reducing serum intact PTH levels and relative concentrations of calcium and phosphorous in patients with end stage renal diseases (ESRD) with SHPT on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Material and methods: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients (n=29) who were receiving daily dose (OD) of cinacalcet for SHPT for I year were shifted to an intermittent dosing regimen of cinacalcet at the end of each hemodialysis session (HD), 3 times per week (study patients). After taking baseline measurements of PTH, its monthly assessment along with serum calcium, phosphorous and alkaline phosphatase level estimations at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months were then compared with the baseline levels. Results: Overall the mean intact PTH value was 174.2 + 16.8 pg/ml at the end of one year treatment prior to the study, while receiving a mean dose of 83.7 ± 11 mg cinacalcet OD. This controlled value of PTH did not show any statistically significant difference over the next 12 months when the study patients were given intermittent dosing (3/ week) at the end of each hemodialysis session. Similarly the calcium values did not change to a significant level in the study subjects, although the serum phosphorus showed a significant rise at the end of the study period (p=0.003). Conclusion: Cinacalcet effectively controls parathyroid hormone levels and uncontrolled secondary hyperparathyroidism both when given daily and intermittently (3/week). Frequent monitoring and adequate replacement with calcium and vitamin D sterols prevent hypocalcemia with cinacalcet therapy. Thus intermittent dosing of cinacalcet is an excellent cost-effective therapeutic option in HD patients with SHPT. In addition, it improves drug compliance.
The dust budget crisis in high-redshift submillimetre galaxies

We apply a chemical evolution model to investigate the sources and evolution of dust in a sample of 26 high-redshift (z > 1) submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) from the literature, with complete photometry from ultraviolet to the submillimetre. We show that dust produced only by low–intermediate-mass stars falls a factor 240 short of the observed dust masses of SMGs, the well-known ‘dust-budget crisis’. Adding an extra source of dust from supernovae can account for the dust mass in 19 per cent of the SMG sample. Even after accounting for dust produced by supernovae the remaining deficit in the dust mass budget provides support for higher supernova yields, substantial grain growth in the interstellar medium or a top-heavy IMF. Including efficient destruction of dust by supernova shocks increases the tension between our model and observed SMG dust masses. The models which best reproduce the physical properties of SMGs have a rapid build-up of dust from both stellar and interstellar sources and minimal dust destruction. Alternatively, invoking a top-heavy IMF or significant changes in the dust grain properties can solve the dust budget crisis only if dust is produced by both low-mass stars and supernovae and is not efficiently destroyed by supernova shocks.
Brucella ovis REO 198 natural and experimental infection in Santa Inês rams from Brazil.

Patogenicidade da B. ovis foi avaliada em carneiros inoculados experimentalmente e naturalmente infectados. Dez animais foram submetidos a inoculacao conjuntival e intrapreputial simultânea com 2x109 UFC/mL de B. ovis REO 198. Depois disso, os animais foram submetidos ao exame fisico e amostras de sangue foram coletadas para sorologia a cada semana. Sorologia positiva comecou a ser observada na terceira semana, com flutuacoes nas titulacoes. As alteracoes clinicas comecaram na quinta semana apos a inoculacao e foram associadas com sorologia positiva na fase aguda da doenca. A presenca de B. ovis em semen e cultura de urina foi intermitente. Tres animais nao inoculados apresentaram infeccao natural. B. ovis foi eliminada duas vezes em semen de animal com sorologia negativa. O estudo destacou as caracteristicas patogenicas de B. ovis REO 198 em carneiros Santa Ines, bem como a importância dos animais como potenciais fontes de infeccao.
AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-14-1-0318 TITLE: Genetic and Diagnostic Biomarker Development in ASD Toddlers Using Resting State Functional MRI PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Glahn, David C. CONTRACTING ORGANIZATION: Yale University

The relationship between in vivo measures of structural connectivity, often indexed with diffusion-weighted imagining, and functional connectivity, typically measured with resting-state functional MRI, appears to be complex. While structural connections appear to facilitate some aspects of functional connectivity, functional relationship may include multiple structural pathways. However, most systems neuroscience models of brain connectivity suggest that anatomical and physiological processes are dependent, in part, upon common neurobiological mechanisms. While there is growing evidence that measures of functional and structural connectivity are influenced by genetic factors, little is known about potential pleiotropy (e.g. the same genes influencing both structural and functional connectivity). Using 1606 individuals from extended pedigrees with both resting-state and diffusion weighted scans, we (1) establish the heritability of structural and functional connectivity in previously defined brain networks, (2) use genetic correlations to show statistical evidence that common genes influence both types of measures, and (3) show that specific chromosomal loci influence both structural and functional connectivity. Genome-Wide Significant Linkage of Schizophrenia-Related Neuroanatomical Trait to 12q24 Emma Sprooten1,2, Cota Navin Gupta3, Emma EM Knowles1,2, D Reese McKay1,2, Samuel R Mathias1,2, Joanne E Curran4, Jack W Kent Jr4, Melanie A Carless4, Marcio A Almeida4, Thomas D Dyer4, Harald HH Göring4, Rene L Olvera5, Peter Kochunov6, Peter T Fox7, Ravi Duggirala4, Laura Almasy4, Vince D. Calhoun1,3,8,10, John Blangero4, Jessica A Turner3,9, and David C Glahn1,2 1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 2Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, CT 3The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM 4Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 5Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 6Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 7Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 8Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 9Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 10Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
Finding the ground state of the Hubbard model by variational methods on a quantum computer with gate errors

A key goal of digital quantum computing is the simulation of fermionic systems such as molecules or the Hubbard model. Unfortunately, for present and near-future quantum computers the use of quantum error correction schemes is still out of reach. Hence, the finite error rate limits the use of quantum computers to algorithms with a low number of gates. The variational Hamiltonian ansatz (VHA) has been shown to produce the ground state in good approximation in a manageable number of steps. Here we study explicitly the effect of gate errors on its performance. The VHA is inspired by the adiabatic quantum evolution under the influence of a time-dependent Hamiltonian, where the—ideally short—fixed Trotter time steps are replaced by variational parameters. The method profits substantially from quantum variational error suppression, e.g. unitary quasi-static errors are mitigated within the algorithm. We test the performance of the VHA when applied to the Hubbard model in the presence of unitary control errors on quantum computers with realistic gate fidelities.