Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Remote access laboratories in Australia and Europe

Remote access laboratories (RALs) were first developed in 1994 in Australia and Switzerland. The main purposes of developing them are to enable students to do their experiments at their own pace, time and locations and to enable students and teaching staff to get access to facilities beyond their institutions. Currently, most of the experiments carried out through RALs in Australia are heavily biased towards electrical, electronic and computer engineering disciplines. However, the experiments carried out through RALs in Europe had more variety, in addition to the traditional electrical, electronic and computer engineering disciplines, there were experiments in mechanical and mechatronic disciplines. It was found that RALs are now being developed aggressively in Australia and Europe and it can be argued that RALs will develop further and faster in the future with improving Internet technology. The rising costs of real experimental equipment will also speed up their development because by making the equipment remotely accessible, the cost can be shared by more universities or institutions and this will improve their cost-effectiveness. Their development would be particularly rapid in large countries with small populations such as Australia, Canada and Russia, because of the scale of economy. Reusability of software, interoperability in software implementation, computer supported collaborative learning and convergence with learning management systems are the required development of future RALs.
Evaluation of physiological quality of lettuce and rocket salad seeds in the presence of purple nuts edget extract

Purple nuts edge (Cyperus rotundus L.) is responsible for great losses in crop production areas. Purple nuts edge tubers possess substances with allelopathic effects on certain crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of lettuce and rocket salad seeds grown on different substrates in the presence of purple nuts edge extract. A completely randomized experimental design was used with a 3×5 factorial scheme (three substrates × five doses of purple nuts edge extract) and four replicates of 50 seeds. The extract was diluted to four different concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100%), and distilled water was used as a control treatment (0%). Seeds were sown in three different substrates: Germitest paper, sand or soil. The first and second germination count, the total germination and the germination speed index were evaluated. Lettuce germination was affected by the application of purple nuts edge extract to the tested substrates. Lower germination percentages were observed for sand than for the remaining tested substrates. The application of purple nuts edge extract did not affect the evaluated germination parameters for rocket salad seeds. The germination of lettuce and rocket salad seeds was higher with soil as substrate. Key words: Lactuca sativa L. , Eruca sativa L. , Cyperus rotundus L.
The study of palm and rapeseed oil stability during frying

Palm oil is characterized by high oxidation stability, high smoke point, low foam making properties, limited penetration into the product, what makes it ideal for processes requiring thermal treatment such as frying. The aim of the study was to investigate the chemical composition and thermooxidative stability of red palm olein, rapeseed oil and their mixtures during deep-frying of French fries. Analysis of fatty acids composition and basic parameters of fresh oils (acid number, peroxide value, polar compounds content, induction time) were performed. During frying, changes in acid number, polar compounds in oils as well as consumers’ acceptance of the fries fried in these oils were investigated. During the 32-hour of frying, the lowest chemical changes occurred in palm olein, what was confirmed by low acid values (0.99 mg KOH/g) and low polar content (14.4%). At the end of the experiment, the oil mixture had the highest polar fraction value of 25.0%. In the opinion of consumers, fries fried in rapeseed oil were “the best”, while French fries fried on palm oil were considered “artificial”, “chemical” and “disgusting”. The reason for this opinion was the addition of β-carotene to this oil. On the other hand β-carotene from palm olein had a great positive effect on the colour of the fries, but at the same time had a negative effect on the taste.
EFFECT OF MOISTURE CONTENT ON SOMEPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COWPEA(Vigna unguiculata)

The effect of moisture content on the physical properties of three of the most popular Nigerian cowpea varieties namely Ife 98-12, IT90K-277-2 and Ife Brown was determined with a view to obtain data useful for the design of handling and processing equipment for the crop. Physical properties such as linear dimensions, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, aspect ratio, bulk density, true density, projected area, porosity and 1000 grain mass were studied in the moisture range of 8 to 18% w.b. which covers the moisture range from harvesting to storage. The length of the grains ranged from 9.36 to 9.74mm, 7.70 to 8.49mm and 8.01 to 8.49mm for the three varieties respectively. The width ranged from 6.34 to 6.53mm, 6.08 to 6.45mm and 6.01 to 6.46mm while the thickness ranged from 5.24 to 5.33mm, 5.00 to 5.24mm and 4.42 to 4.75mm respectively for the three varieties. The results show that variety and moisture content had significant effects (p≤ 0.05) on all the physical properties studied except aspect ratio on which the effect of moisture content was not significant. Regression equations that could be used to express the relationships existing between the physical properties and grain moisture content were established.
Assessment of Physico-Chemical Properties of Tannery Waste Water and Its Impact on Fresh Water Quality

Industrial and urban development has become an important factor for the development of a country’s economy. The tannery industry is one of the oldest industries, which is unevenly scattered and more than 2,500 tanneries are located in different urban centers of India processing about 500,000 tonnes of hides and 314 kg skins per annum which generate about 100,000 m 3 of wastewater per day (Mohan et al., 2006) which alters the physical, chemical and biological properties of the aquatic environment. Tanning and finishing industry in India is concentrated in Madras, Ranipet, Amber Vaniyambadi, Erode, Dindigul, Permabut, Agra, Calcutta, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Rajasthan, Punjab, Kanpur (Jajmau) and Unnao area of Uttar Pradesh (Vijayan and and Hempriya, 2014).
The Turbulent Structure and Diurnal Growth of the Saharan Atmospheric Boundary Layer

The turbulent structure and growth of the remote Saharan atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is described with in situ radiosonde and aircraft measurements and a large-eddy simulation model. A month of radiosonde data from June 2011 provides a mean profile of the midday Saharan ABL, which is characterized by a well-mixed convective boundary layer, capped by a small temperature inversion (,1K) and a deep, near-neutral residual layer. The boundary layer depth varies by up to 100% over horizontal distances of a few kilometers due to turbulent processes alone. The distinctive vertical structure also leads to unique boundary layer processes, such as detrainment of the warmest plumes across the weak temperature inversion, which slows down the warming and growth of the convective boundary layer. As the boundary layer grows, overshooting plumes can also entrain freetropospheric air into the residual layer, forming a second entrainment zone that acts to maintain the inversion above the convective boundary layer, thus slowing down boundary layer growth further. A single-column model is unable to accurately reproduce the evolution of the Saharan boundary layer, highlighting the difficulty of representing such processes in large-scale models. These boundary layer processes are special to the Sahara, and possiblyhot, dry,desertenvironmentsingeneral, andhaveimplicationsforthelarge-scalestructureoftheSaharan heat low. The growth of the boundary layer influences the vertical redistribution of moisture and dust, and the spatial coverage and duration of clouds, with large-scale dynamical and radiative implications.
CREOSOTE BUSH: LONG‐LIVED CLONES IN THE MOJAVE DESERT

Creosote bush clones in the Mojave Desert develop by irregular radial growth, stem segmentation and the production of new stems at the outer edge of stem segments. The resulting circular clone encloses a central bare area as the central dead wood rots away. Old clones become elliptical and may exceed 20 m in length. Modern growth rates estimated from annual increments in stem wood of seedlings (0.73 mm/yr) and young clones (0.82 mm/yr) approximate those estimated for radiocarbon-dated wood samples (0.66 mm/yr). Assuming comparable growth rates through time, the extrapolated age of the largest known clone (average radius = 7.8 m) may approach 11,700 years. If growth rates have changed, that clone's age may be
Nitrous oxide versus pethidine with promethasine for reducing labor pain

Systemic opioids are widely used for the relief of labor pain. Self-administered nitrous oxide with concentration of 50% is a new form of analgesia. The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy and side effects of the patient controlled inhaled nitrous oxide (50% ‘‘Entonox’’) with systemic intramuscular pethidine, in reducing pain during normal vaginal labor in Iranian population. In a randomized controlled study, the analgesic efficacy of inhaled 50% nitrous oxide (Entonox) was evaluated as compared to intra muscular pethidine for reducing labor pain among 100 women undergoing normal vaginal delivery. Mean maternal age was 26.2 and 27.2 years in entonox and pethidine groups, respectively. Duration of first and second stages was significantly shorter in patients receiving nitrous oxide as analgesia as compared to pethidine group (P < 0.05). Pain severity according to visual analog scale (VAS) score was significantly lower in patient that received nitrous oxide (P = 0.0001). We also showed significantly higher satisfaction of pain reduction in nitrous oxide group during labor (P = 0.01). No significant difference was observed among the groups regarding neonatal complications. Although, nitrous oxide is certainly not a potent analgesic, we found that it has more beneficial effects than pethidine in parturient women which is yet to be cleared. Key words: Entonox, labor pain, pethidine, nitrous oxide.
Quantitative Versus Emotional Demands Among Swedish Human Service Employees: Moderating Effects of Job Control and Social Support

Thepurposeofthecurrentstudywastoconductalongitudinaltestofthemoderating effect of both job control and social support on the relationbetween job demands and burnout in human service work. To adapt thestudy to human service work, quantitative as well as emotional demandswereexamined.Alongitudinalsurveywitha1-yeartimeintervalyieldedapanelgroupencompassing2,255employeesfromtheSocialInsuranceOr-ganizationinSweden.Hierarchicalregressionanalyseswereused,control-lingfordemographicvariablesandtherelateddependentvariableatTime1.Theanalyseswereconductedforquantitativeandemotionaldemandssepa-ratelyandrevealedmaineffects.Slightlymoremaineffectswerefoundforemotional demands. In addition, 1 interaction effect was found betweenemotionaldemandsandjobcontrolwithregardtoemotionalexhaustion.In
Vulnerability to Progressive Collapse of Seismically Designed RC Framed Structures Corner Column Case

As in the seismic design, to resist such catastrophic loads, structures should be provided with an adequate level of structural continuity, redundancy, robustness and ductility, so that alternative load transfer paths can develop when the structure loses an individual member. Following the GSA Guidelines (2003), the paper presents an investigation regarding the vulnerability to progressive collapse of a model representing a 13-storey RC framed building when its seismic design was made according to the provisions of the present seismic code P100-1/2006. Numerical results regarding the behavior of the model when the structure is damaged by the sudden removal of a corner column are given. Demands and capacities of structural members are assessed and DCR values for the lower part of the building are presented. A typical medium–rise building having RC frames seismically designed for Bucharest according to seismic design code P100-1/2006, does not experience failures or progressive collapse when subjected to different “missing column” scenarios, including the removal of a corner column.
The Comprehensible Output Hypothesis and Self-directed Learning: A Learner's Perspective.

In the course of his diary study dealing with communication strategies, the writer of this paper has found that the way of acquiring a language is not merely as simple as "understanding the message" as Krashen's Input Hypothesis (1985) claims. Swain's Comprehensible Output Hypothesis (1985) maintains that the development of a learner's communicative competence does not merely depend on comprehensible input: the learner's output has an independent and indispensible role to play. Swain's thesis has proved to be of relevance to the writer's experience as a self-directed learner. This paper discusses in detail the significance to language acquisition of pushing for comprehensible output. Three issues are discussed: (I) comprehensible output and negative input; (2) comprehensible output and incomprehensible output; (3) comprehensible output and comprehensible input.
Scattering of near-zero-energy electrons and positrons by H-2

The parameters for S-wave elastic scattering of near-zero-energy electrons and positrons by H-2 molecules are calculated using the stabilization method with explicitly correlated Gaussians. The confined variational method is applied to optimize the Gaussians to describe the short-range interaction of incident e(+/-) with H2 in the fixed-nuclei approximation. For e(+)- H-2 scattering the scattering length of previous work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223202 ( 2009)] is substantially improved. More importantly, for e(-)-H-2 scattering, from first principles, the scattering length is computed as a function of the internuclear distance. In the case that the two nuclei are at the equilibrium distance the results are in a good agreement with values derived from fitting experimental total and diffusion cross sections to the modified effective range theory.
Microclimatic Modifications of Cushion Plants and Their Consequences for Seedling Survival of Native and Non-native Herbaceous Species in the High Andes of Central Chile

ABSTRACT Cushion plants are one of the most common growth forms in alpine habitats. Their low stature, dense canopy, and compact form allow them to decouple their microclimate from the surrounding environment, mitigating the effect of low temperatures and drought, enhancing the survival of other species. In this study, we evaluated the modifications on soil temperature and moisture over an entire growing season by two cushion species (Laretia acaulis and Azorella monantha) in alpine communities located at two different elevations in the central Chilean Andes. Additionally, we performed seedling survival experiments with two native herbaceous species (Hordeum comosum and Erigeron andicola) and the non-native forb Cerastium arvense to assess if seedling survival is higher within cushions than outside them. Our results indicated that cushions ameliorated extreme low and high substrate temperatures, improved soil moisture, and enhanced seedling survival of the three herbaceous plant species evaluated. Our results suggest that microclimatic modifications associated with cushion plants could be important for the establishment and survival of other plant species, both native and non-native, in the high alpine communities of central Chile.
Heterosis in the second and third generation affects litter size in a crossbreed mink (Neovison vison) population

Litter sizes in a cross between Brown and Black mink color types were observed through six generations. Litter size was significantly affected by yearly environmental variations. After adjusting for year effects, we found significant in- creases in litter size in the second and third generations (F2 and F3) after crossing. Thereafter, in the following generations, litter size dropped to a level comparable to the mean litter size of the midparent. Increased litter size in F2 compared to F1 indicated that maternal effects influenced litter size more than non-maternal effects. The heterosis was mainly caused by an increase in litter size compared to the Black parental line. This indicates that the Black line was affected by inbreeding depression prior to crossing. We also found that two-year old F1 females had significantly more offspring compared to one-year old F1 females.
Potential Issues with Generation and Stability of Air-Void System due to Incompatibility of Components in Plain and Fly Ash Cementitious Mixtures

Continuing desire to create more sustainable and durable infrastructure leads to the increased usage of various mineral and chemical admixtures as components of present-day concrete mixtures. Unexpected incompatibility problems may arise in certain mixtures as a result of complex interactions that frequently take place between these components. This paper presents an investigation on identifying combinations of component materials which can result in problems related to generation and stability of air-void system (AVS) in both plain and fly ash mixtures. A low (0.3%) alkali Type I cement, a class F fly ash and four chemical admixtures were used in this study. Two out of these four admixtures included different types of air entraining agents (AEA): a) vinsol resin based air entraining agent and b) synthetic type air entraining agent. The other two admixtures included the lignin based Type A water reducing agent (WRA) and polycarboxylate type superplasticizer. In addition to plain cementitious mixtures prepared from various combinations of these components, fly ash mixtures (with 20 and 60% weight replacement of cement by Class F fly) were also studied. The potential degree of difficulty in generating air-voids in fresh concrete was evaluated using the foam index tests (performed on paste slurries) and by measuring the air content of mortar mixtures (performed according to the AASHTO T137). Stability of air-void system in concretes was evaluated using the foam drainage test (performed on paste slurries). The results showed that the amount of the AEA required to obtain the target air percentage increased with the increase in the fly ash content in the mixture. The lignin based WRA had, in general, a higher air entraining effect than the super-plasticizer when used in combination with air entrainers. In general mixtures prepared with synthetic air entraining agent exhibited more stable foam system than mixtures prepared with vinsol resin based air entraining agent.
Evaluation of Anthhelmintic Potential of Pawpaw (Carica papaya) Seeds Administered In-Feed and In-Water for West African Dwarf (WAD) Goatss

Forty West African Dwarf (WAD) goats (average 10kg±0.25kg bodyweight) infected naturally with helminthes were used to evaluate the effectiveness of Carica papaya seeds in aqueous and crude extract forms against intestinal worms. The animals were randomly assigned into four treatment groups: GI, GII, GIII and GIV consisting of 10goats/group. GI animals were not treated while GII underwent Thiabendazole anthelmintic treatment. GIII and GIV were medically given the powdery and aqueous forms of C. papaya seed extract via feed and water respectively. Before anthelmintic treatments and after the 1 st and 2 nd two weeks of administering the anthelminth, faecal and blood samples were collected for parasitological and haematological analysis. Data collected were subjected to one-way ANOVA. Treatments of both aqueous and powdery forms of C. papaya seed extract resulted into a significant increase in lymphocyte counts, packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) and haemoglobin concentration. Conversely, there was significant decrease in the eosinophil counts. The reductions in the faecal egg counts of helminth when C. papaya seed extract were applied are comparable to those obtained for thiabendazole treatment. However, the effects of aqueous form of C. papaya seed extract were more conspicuous than the crude (powdery) extract administered via the feed. The results from this study suggests that extracts from C. papaya seeds could be of potential use as alternative anthelminthic to synthetic dewormers in therapeutic or sub-therapeutic use for production animals. Keywords: Anthelmintic, haematology, helminthes, parasitology, thiabendazole
Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of radish (Raphanus sativus L.)

In order to generate transgenic radish (Raphanus sativus L., cv. Jin Ju Dae Pyong), hypocotyl explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 4 mg l−1 AgNO3, 5 mg l−1 acetosyringone, 4 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine, and 3 mg l−1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid in addition to either 10 mg l−1 hygromycin or 100 mg l−1 paromomycin after co-cultivation with disarmed Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring a plant expression binary vector. Explants co-cultivated with A. tumefaciens GV3101 harboring pCAMBIA1301 and A. tumefaciens EHA101 harboring pPTN290 produced putative transgenic adventitious shoots at frequencies of 0.26% and 0.18%, respectively. Northern blot analysis revealed the gus gene transcript was detected in 8 regenerated plants which confirmed their genetic transformation. The transgenic plants were grown to maturity after vernalization in a greenhouse and appeared morphologically normal. Progeny analysis of independent transgenic plants demonstrated that the gus gene was transmitted in a Mendelian pattern in 3 lines, indicating a single copied gene was incorporated into the genome.
The Role of Control System in Increasing Corporate Social Performance: The Use Of Levers of Control

One important instrument to be used in the control system design is strategic behaviors that can lead to the expected organization performance.Referring to the extended definition of strategic behavior using stakeholder-based strategic behavior, corporate social performance is kind of strategic behavior to be influenced by using control system. This paper discusses how control system, using Simons’ levers of control can play important role in increasing the corporate social performance. The interaction between control system, including belief system, boundary system, diagnostic control system, and interactive control system, as well as the corporate financial performance (CFP) can affect the corporate social performance (CSP) due to fact that increase in CFP resulting from the appropriate use of control system components enables the company has more chance to do the CSP. The levers of control are deemed to form an integral part of employee socialization and support the development of an organization’s culture, the system of shared beliefs, values, norms, and mores of organizational members which are deemed to be a primary determinant of the direction of employee behavior.