Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Observation of SN2011fe with INTEGRAL - I. Pre-maximum phase

Context. SN2011fe was detected by the Palomar Transient Factory in M101 on August 24, 2011, a few hours after the explosion. From the early optical spectra it was immediately realized that it was a Type Ia supernova, thus making this event the brightest one discovered in the past twenty years. Aims. The distance of the event offered the rare opportunity of performing a detailed observation with the instruments onboard INTEGRAL to detect the γ-ray emission expected from the decay chains of 56 Ni. The observations were performed in two runs, one before and around the optical maximum, aimed to detect the early emission from the decay of 56 Ni, and another after this maximum aimed to detect the emission of 56 Co. Methods. The observations performed with the instruments onboard INTEGRAL (SPI, IBIS/ISGRI, JEMX, and OMC) were analyzed and compared with the existing models of γ-ray emission from this kind of supernova. In this paper, the analysis of the γ-ray emission has been restricted to the first epoch. Results. SPI and IBIS/ISGRI only provide upper limits to the expected emission due to the decay of 56 Ni. These upper limits on the gamma-ray flux are 7.1 × 10 −5 ph/s/cm 2 for the 158 keV line and 2.3 × 10 −4 ph/s/cm 2 for the 812 keV line. These bounds allow rejecting at the 2σ level
Regional Brain Atrophy and Impaired Decision Making on the Balloon Analog Risk Task in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia

Objective:The goal of this study was 2-fold, first, to compare decision making in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) patients and healthy adults using the Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART), and, second, to identify the regions of gray matter atrophy associated with bvFTD patients' BART performance. Background:Stimulus-reinforcement learning is required to evaluate the results of previously chosen actions to improve future decisions. Although there is a well established literature suggesting altered decision making in FTD patients and data from lesion studies suggest orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) involvement in decision making, there is very little research looking at the brain correlates of decision making in FTD populations specifically. Method:Twenty-seven bvFTD patients and 19 age-matched and education-matched normal controls completed the BART. Voxel-based morphometry analysis was performed on the magnetic resonance imaging scans of a subset of patients. Results:Compared with healthy controls, the bvFTD patients did not learn and pumped less to inflate a balloon to receive a reward, indicating altered stimulus-reinforcement learning. The voxel-based morphometry analysis indicated that bvFTD patients' impaired BART performance was related to atrophy in the right lateral OFC. Conclusions:The right lateral OFC is crucial for stimulus-reinforcement learning required for the adjustment of behavior under changing reward contingencies.
Measurement of transepidermal water loss, stratum corneum hydration and skin surface pH in occupational settings: A review

The skin provides a permeable barrier which may be impaired in occupational settings. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum hydration (SCH) and skin surface pH (SSpH) have been used in occupational settings to predict early onset of occupational skin diseases, to measure the effectiveness of prevention strategies for occupational skin diseases, and to assess skin condition during exposure. The aim was to compare the findings, identify shortcomings in the methodology and data reporting and furthermore, to make recommendations for future studies.
Effects of ‘The Vicious Worm’ educational tool on Taenia solium knowledge retention in Zambian primary school students after one year

Background Taenia solium is a neglected zoonotic parasite endemic throughout many low-income countries worldwide, including Zambia, where it causes human and pig diseases with high health and socioeconomic burdens. Lack of knowledge is a recognized risk factor, and consequently targeted health educational programs can decrease parasite transmission and disease occurrence in endemic areas. Preliminary assessment of the computer-based education program ‘The Vicious Worm’ in rural areas of eastern Zambia indicated that it was effective at increasing knowledge of T. solium in primary school students. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ‘The Vicious Worm’ on knowledge retention by re-assessing the same primary school students one year after the initial education workshops. Methodology/Principal findings Follow-up questionnaires were administered in the original three primary schools in eastern Zambia in 2017, 12 months after the original workshops. In total, 86 pupils participated in the follow-up sessions, representing 87% of the initial workshop respondents. Knowledge of T. solium at ‘follow-up’ was significantly higher than at the initial ‘pre’ questionnaire administered during the Vicious Worm workshop that took place one year earlier. While some specifics of the parasite’s life cycle were not completely understood, the key messages for disease prevention, such as the importance of hand washing and properly cooking pork, remained well understood by the students, even one year later. Conclusions/Significance Results of this study indicate that ‘The Vicious Worm’ may be an effective tool for both short- and long-term T. solium education of rural primary school students in Zambia. Inclusion of educational workshops using ‘The Vicious Worm’ could be recommended for integrated cysticercosis control/elimination programs in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly if the content is simplified to focus on the key messages for prevention of disease transmission.
Clinical effects of exposure to coffee during at-home vital bleaching.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether exposure to coffee during bleaching treatment with 16% carbamide peroxide (CP) affects the degree of whitening and tooth sensitivity. Forty patients with central incisors darker than A2 were selected. Participants who did not drink coffee were assigned to the control group (CG), while participants who drink coffee at least twice a day were assigned to the experimental group (EG). For CG, foods with dyes were restricted. For EG there was no restriction on food and patients were asked to make coffee rinses for 30 seconds, four times daily. For both groups 16% CP was used for a period of three hours daily for three weeks. Shade evaluation was assessed visually by Vita classical shade guide and by the Easyshade spectrophotometer at baseline, during bleaching (first, second, and third weeks), and postbleaching (one week and one month). Patients recorded their sensitivity perceptions by means of the numerical rating scale and 0-10 visual analog scales. Variation in shade guide units and the two colors (ΔE) were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests (α=0.05). Absolute risk of tooth sensitivity and intensity of tooth sensitivity was evaluated by Fisher exact and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). Effective bleaching was observed for both groups after three weeks, without statistical difference. No difference in terms of risk of tooth sensitivity and intensity of tooth sensitivity was detected between groups. Approximately 57% of the participants experienced tooth sensitivity, which was recorded mainly as "mild. " Exposure to coffee during bleaching treatment does not seem to affect the degree of bleaching and tooth sensitivity.
MYD88L265P mutated IgA lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma

Here we report two new cases of IgA-Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma (LPL) with diverse clinical presentation and performed a review of the three cohorts of patients with non-IgM LPL published in the literature. IgA LPL is rare and affects patients with a mean age at diagnosis of 67-year-old, with male predominance. Hyper viscosity related symptoms are extremely uncommon in comparison with LPL/WM and reported in unique cases. Extramedullary involvement includes lymph node disease (6/14, 42%) and rarely splenomegaly (3 cases, 21%). Associated amyloid deposition has been found in 21% of the cases. Histopathological features in the bone marrow if IgA-LPL are equivalent to IgM-LPL/WM. IgA LPL are positive for MYD88L265P mutation in 83% of the cases (10/12 cases). 6 q deletion is rarely found. In conclusion, the available evidence about the biological features of IgA-LPL supports the inclusion of these cases in the lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma spectrum. This is relevant for therapeutic reasons, mainly due to the availability of novel highly effective regimens for the treatment of LPL/WM. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Bcl-2 Expression in Synovial Fibroblasts Is Essential for Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Cell Viability1

The regulation of proliferation and cell death is vital for homeostasis, but the mechanism that coordinately balances these events in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains largely unknown. In RA, the synovial lining thickens in part through increased proliferation and/or decreased synovial fibroblast cell death. Here we demonstrate that the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, is highly expressed in RA compared with osteoarthritis synovial tissues, particularly in the CD68-negative, fibroblast-like synoviocyte population. To determine the importance of endogenous Bcl-2, an adenoviral vector expressing a hammerhead ribozyme to Bcl-2 (Ad-Rbz-Bcl-2) mRNA was employed. Ad-Rbz-Bcl-2 infection resulted in reduced Bcl-2 expression and cell viability in synovial fibroblasts isolated from RA and osteoarthritis synovial tissues. In addition, Ad-Rbz-Bcl-2-induced mitochondrial permeability transition, cytochrome c release, activation of caspases 9 and 3, and DNA fragmentation. The general caspase inhibitor zVAD.fmk blocked caspase activation, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, and DNA fragmentation, but not loss of transmembrane potential or viability, indicating that cell death was independent of caspase activation. Ectopically expressed Bcl-xL inhibited Ad-Rbz-Bcl-2-induced mitochondrial permeability transition and apoptosis in Ad-Rbz-Bcl-2-transduced cells. Thus, forced down-regulation of Bcl-2 does not induce a compensatory mechanism to prevent loss of mitochondrial integrity and cell death in human fibroblasts.
Short persistent sleep duration is associated with poor receptive vocabulary performance in middle childhood

The aim of this study was to examine whether short sleep duration is associated with poor receptive vocabulary at age 10 years. In the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, parents reported their children's nocturnal sleep duration annually from ages 2.5 to 10 years, and children were assessed for receptive vocabulary using the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test—Revised (PPVT‐R) at ages 4 and 10 years. Groups with distinct nocturnal sleep duration trajectories were identified and the relationships between sleep trajectories and poor PPVT‐R performance were characterized. In all, 1192 children with available sleep duration and PPVT‐R data participated in this epidemiological study. We identified four longitudinal nocturnal sleep trajectories: short persistent sleepers (n = 72, 6.0%), short increasing sleepers (n = 47, 3.9%), 10‐h sleepers (n = 628, 52.7%) and 11‐h sleepers (n = 445, 37.3%). In all, 14.8% of the children showed poor PPVT‐R performance at age 10 years. Nocturnal sleep trajectories and poor PPVT‐R performance at age 10 were associated significantly (P = 0.003). After adjusting for baseline receptive vocabulary performance at age 4 and other potential confounding variables, logistic regression analyses suggest that, compared to 11‐h sleepers, the odds ratio of presenting poor receptive vocabulary at age 10 was 2.67 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24–5.74, P = 0.012] for short persistent sleepers and 1.66 (95% CI: 1.06–2.59, P = 0.026) for 10‐h sleepers. These results corroborate previous findings in early childhood, and indicate that short sleep duration is associated with poor receptive vocabulary during middle childhood.
Maximal heart rate assessment in recreational football players: A study involving a multiple testing approach

This study aimed at examining the suitability of a standard treadmill test (TT), popular intermittent field tests, and small‐sided football matches to induce maximal heart rate (HRmax) in recreational football players. Sixty‐six inactive untrained male subjects (age: 39.3 ± 5.8 years, VO2max: 41.2 ± 6.2 mL kg−1 min−1, body mass: 81.9 ± 10.8 kg, height: 173.2 ± 6.4 cm) were evaluated. On separate occasions, the players were randomly submitted to a progressive VO2max TT, to the Yo‐Yo intermittent endurance level 1 (YYIE1) and level 2 (YYIE2) tests, to the Yo‐Yo intermittent recovery level 1 (YYIR1) test, and to 7v7 (43 × 27 m pitch, 83 m2/player) football matches (45 minutes; 2‐4 matches/player). To ensure data consistency, exercise HR was recorded using the same HR monitors in all the experimental conditions. A total of 73%, 24%, 18%, 17%, and 30% of the players achieved their HRmax during the YYIE1, YYIE2, YYIR1, TT, and the small‐sided football matches, respectively. The probability of achieving HRmax increased proportionally to test duration, with 7.8 minutes as the cutoff time. Variations in HRpeak of ±2 b min−1 should be regarded as of practical relevance. YYIE1 HRpeak provided the most accurate estimation of a subject's individual HRmax and much higher probability of reaching HRmax. Nevertheless, the results of this study suggest caution in considering a reference test for HRmax assessment in this population. The use of confirmation tests is still highly advisable when the test duration is shorter than 7.8 minutes. In this regard, field tests seem to be suitable and accurate for individual HRmax assessment in recreational football players.
Glial Cell AMPA Receptors in Nervous System Health, Injury and Disease

Glia form a central component of the nervous system whose varied activities sustain an environment that is optimised for healthy development and neuronal function. Alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors (AMPAR) are a central mediator of glutamatergic excitatory synaptic transmission, yet they are also expressed in a wide range of glial cells where they influence a variety of important cellular functions. AMPAR enable glial cells to sense the activity of neighbouring axons and synapses, and as such many aspects of glial cell development and function are influenced by the activity of neural circuits. However, these AMPAR also render glia sensitive to elevations of the extracellular concentration of glutamate, which are associated with a broad range of pathological conditions. Excessive activation of AMPAR under these conditions may induce excitotoxic injury in glial cells, and trigger pathophysiological responses threatening other neural cells and amplifying ongoing disease processes. The aim of this review is to gather information on AMPAR function from across the broad diversity of glial cells, identify their contribution to pathophysiological processes, and highlight new areas of research whose progress may increase our understanding of nervous system dysfunction and disease.
99mTc-Hydrazinonicotinamide Epidermal Growth Factor–Polyethylene Glycol–Quantum Dot Imaging Allows Quantification of Breast Cancer Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression and Monitors Receptor Downregulation in Response to Cetuximab Therapy

Therapy of cancer, including basallike breast tumors, that targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) would greatly benefit from noninvasive methods that can quantitatively monitor receptor status and treatment response. Methods: Here, we investigated the potential of a novel technique based on streptavidin cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide quantum dots (Qdots) multiplexed with polyethylene glycol (PEG), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and 99mTc-hydrazinonicotinamide. In vitro binding affinity and specificity were evaluated in cultured cells. Biodistribution studies and in vivo imaging were performed in murine breast tumor xenografts of basallike phenotype MDA-MB-468 cells and EGFR-negative cells. Results: 99mTc-hydrazinonicotinamide EGF-PEG-Qdot showed specific and high-affinity EGFR targeting on confocal microscopy, immunoblotting, and binding assays. When intravenously injected, MDA-MB-468 tumors were visualized with high contrast by both optical and scintigraphic imaging. Scintigraphic image–based quantification correctly discriminated high–EGFR-expressing MDA-MB-468 tumors from other tumors, and image-based tumor uptake closely correlated to EGFR content. Importantly, serial imaging of MDA-MB-468 tumors responding to cetuximab therapy could detect a significant reduction of tumor uptake that was paralleled by downregulation of EGFR expression. Furthermore, high baseline uptake predicted good response to cetuximab therapy. Conclusion: 99mTc-hydrazinonicotinamide EGF-PEG-Qdot provides EGFR-targeted imaging of breast tumors and may allow noninvasive monitoring of EGFR status in living subjects before and after targeted therapies.
The Impact of Hispanic Ethnicity on Knowledge and Behavior Among Patients With Diabetes

Purpose The purpose of the study was to measure the current level of awareness of the American Heart Association’s 7 risk/protective factors of cardiovascular health among adults with diabetes of Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin and to identify factors associated with knowledge deficits. Methods A cross-sectional survey measured demographic data, personal behaviors/health factors, cardiovascular disease (CVD) history, and knowledge of 7 components of ideal cardiovascular health (smoking, obesity, exercise, diet, cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood glucose). A subset of 331 Hispanic and white patients with diabetes was surveyed. Knowledge scores were dichotomized between full knowledge (7 components) and less than full knowledge and compared between ethnicities using multiple logistic regression. Results Seventy-nine percent of surveys were returned; 50.5% of subjects were Hispanic. Median age was 64.5 years with 60.7% being female. Two-thirds of the sample completed high school and 26% reported comorbid CVD. Recognition of diabetes as a risk factor didn’t differ by ethnicity. Thirty-five percent of respondents identified 7 American Heart Association risk factors. Hispanics were less likely to identify 7 components. After adjustment for education and English literacy, the difference disappeared. Better knowledge was positively associated with healthier behaviors for high cholesterol, hypertension, and exercise only among white patients. Conclusions Hispanic patients with diabetes exhibit less knowledge about CVD risk/protective factors due to lower education and English literacy. Educational interventions should be tailored to those with less education/limited English proficiency.
Association of industry ties with outcomes of studies examining the effect of wholegrain foods on cardiovascular disease and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective To determine if observational studies examining the association of wholegrain foods with cardiovascular disease (CVD) with food industry sponsorship and/or authors with conflicts of interest (COI) with the food industry are more likely to have results and/or conclusions that are favourable to industry than those with no industry ties, and to determine whether studies with industry ties differ in their risk of bias compared with studies with no industry ties. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Data sources We searched eight databases from 1997 to 2017 and hand searched the reference lists of included studies. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Cohort and case–control studies that quantitatively examined the association of wholegrains or wholegrain foods with CVD outcomes in healthy adults or children. Results 21 of the 22 studies had a serious or critical risk of bias. Studies with industry ties more often had favourable results compared with those with no industry ties, but the Confidence Interval (CI) was wide, Risk Ratio (RR)=1.44 (95% CI 0.88 to 2.35). The same association was found for study conclusions. We did not find a difference in effect size (magnitude of RRs) between studies with industry ties, RR=0.77 (95% CI 0.58 to 1.01) and studies with no industry ties, RR=0.85 (95% CI 0.73 to 1.00) (p=0.50) I2 0%. These results were comparable for studies that measured the magnitude using Hazard Ratios (HR); industry ties HR=0.82 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.88) versus no industry ties HR=0.86 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.91) (p=0.34) I2 0%. Conclusions We did not establish that the presence of food industry sponsorship or authors with a COI with the food industry was associated with results or conclusions that favour industry sponsors. The association of food industry sponsorship or authors with a COI with the food industry and favourable results or conclusions is uncertain. However, our analysis was hindered by the low level of COI disclosure in the included studies. Our findings support international reforms to improve the disclosure and management of COI in nutrition research. Without such disclosures, it will not be possible to determine if the results of nutrition research are free of food industry influences and potential biases. PROSPERO registration number CRD42017055841.
Silicon Wafer Functionalization with a Luminescent Tb(III) Coordination Complex: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application to the Optical Detection of NO in the Gas Phase

A new luminescent Tb-DOTAGA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1-glutaric-4,7,10- triacetic acid) complex (TbL) was synthesized and covalently immobilized on a silicon wafer. The grafting process was monitored by means of IR and XPS spectroscopies and the optical properties of the functionalized silicon wafer (TbL@Si) were investigated by fluorescence experiments. A homemade setup was then implemented in order to follow TbL@Si optical properties in the presence of gaseous nitric oxide (NO). The prima facie results indicated that in the presence of NO, the wafer fluorescence was partially quenched. This quenching was reversible as soon as NO was pumped outside the fluorescence cell, which could be interesting for the further development of lanthanide labelled silicon wafers as gas phase sensors.