Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mouse Rev1 protein interacts with multiple DNA polymerases involved in translesion DNA synthesis

Polκ and Rev1 are members of the Y family of DNA polymerases involved in tolerance to DNA damage by replicative bypass [translesion DNA synthesis (TLS)]. We demonstrate that mouse Rev1 protein physically associates with Polκ. We show too that Rev1 interacts independently with Rev7 (a subunit of a TLS polymerase, Polζ) and with two other Y‐family polymerases, Polι and Polη. Mouse Polκ, Rev7, Polι and Polη each bind to the same ∼100 amino acid C‐terminal region of Rev1. Furthermore, Rev7 competes directly with Polκ for binding to the Rev1 C‐terminus. Notwith standing the physical interaction between Rev1 and Polκ, the DNA polymerase activity of each measured by primer extension in vitro is unaffected by the complex, either when extending normal primer‐termini, when bypassing a single thymine glycol lesion, or when extending certain mismatched primer termini. Our observations suggest that Rev1 plays a role(s) in mediating protein–protein interactions among DNA polymerases required for TLS. The precise function(s) of these interactions during TLS remains to be determined.
Action Effects Are Coded as Transitions From Current to Future Stimulation: Evidence From Compatibility Effects in Tracking

There is ample evidence that motor actions are stored in terms of, and controlled by, the sensory effects that these actions produce. At present it is unclear, though, whether action control is governed by intended sensory changes (e.g., the transition from darkness to brightness when switching on a light) or only by intended sensory end states (e.g., the light being on). The present study explored the role of sensory changes for action control. To address this issue, participants engaged in a spatial tracking task. We show that performance is determined by the compatibility between motor patterns and subsequent changes of a controlled stimulus, while the intended end state of the stimulus remains constant. Spatial compatibility increases performance even when perceptual changes of spatial features are not the primary target of control. These results suggest that intended transitions of stimulation have the potential to bias motor actions. We consider these results as an important step toward integrating closed-loop regulation approaches and ideomotor approaches of action control.
Breast cancer after bilateral risk‐reducing mastectomy

Skytte A‐B, Crüger D, Gerster M, Lænkholm A‐V, Lang C, Brøndum‐Nielsen K, Andersen MK, Sunde L, Kølvraa S, Gerdes A‐M. Breast cancer after bilateral risk‐reducing mastectomy.
Apparent Diffusion Coefficients of Metabolites in Patients with MELAS Using Diffusion-Weighted MR Spectroscopy

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: DW-MR spectroscopy can detect the diffusion coefficients of NAA, Cr, PCr, and Cho and can, therefore, provide some useful information. The aims of this study were to probe the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of MELAS and to see whether DW-MR spectroscopy is a useful technique for other diseases besides cerebral infarction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen healthy volunteers and 10 patients with MELAS were enrolled in the study. All were scanned on a 3T whole-body MR imaging scanner. Fifteen ADCs of the singlet metabolites in the gray matter of the healthy subjects, 10 ADCs of the singlet metabolites in the lesions, and 8 ADCs of the singlet metabolites in the nonaffected areas were used in the statistical analysis, respectively. RESULTS: The metabolite ADCs of the nonaffected areas and the lesions in the patients were higher than those of the frontal gray matter in the healthy controls. There were significant differences between the metabolite ADCs of the nonaffected areas in patients and those in the healthy controls, and it was the same with the metabolite ADCs of the lesions and those of the healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: The increased ADC values of the metabolites reveal that MELAS is a mitochondrial neuronopathy and involves the entire brain. DW-MR spectroscopy is a very useful noninvasive technique, which can show some valuable information that conventional MR imaging cannot display. Thus, it can be applied to brain diseases besides cerebral infarction.
E-cadherin: A determinant molecule associated with ovarian cancer progression, dissemination and aggressiveness

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the fifth cancer death cause in women worldwide. The malignant nature of this disease stems from its unique dissemination pattern. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been reported in OC and downregulation of Epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) is a hallmark of this process. However, findings on the relationship between E-cadherin levels and OC progression, dissemination and aggressiveness are controversial. In this study, the evaluation of E-cadherin expression in an OC tissue microarray revealed its prognostic value to discriminate between advanced- and early-stage tumors, as well as serous tumors from other histologies. Moreover, E-cadherin, Neural cadherin (N-cadherin), cytokeratins and vimentin expression was assessed in TOV-112, SKOV-3, OAW-42 and OV-90 OC cell lines grown in monolayers and under anchorage-independent conditions to mimic ovarian tumor cell dissemination, and results were associated with cell aggressiveness. According to these EMT-related markers, cell lines were classified as mesenchymal (M; TOV-112), intermediate mesenchymal (IM; SKOV-3), intermediate epithelial (IE; OAW-42) and epithelial (E; OV-90). M- and IM-cells depicted the highest migration capacity when grown in monolayers, and aggregates derived from M- and IM-cell lines showed lower cell death, higher adhesion to extracellular matrices and higher invasion capacity than E- and IE-aggregates. The analysis of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, cytokeratin 19 and vimentin mRNA levels in 20 advanced-stage high-grade serous human OC ascites showed an IM phenotype in all cases, characterized by higher proportions of N- to E-cadherin and vimentin to cytokeratin 19. In particular, higher E-cadherin mRNA levels were associated with cancer antigen 125 levels more than 500 U/mL and platinum-free intervals less than 6 months. Altogether, E-cadherin expression levels were found relevant for the assessment of OC progression and aggressiveness.
Inflammatory carcinomas of the breast: A clinical, pathological, or a clinical and pathological definition?

Some controversy remains about the clinical or pathological definition of the different types of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and especially the diagnostic and prognostic value of dermal lymphatic involvement. Our purpose was to classify the different types of IBC for which diagnosis was confirmed intraoperatively and ascertain features allowing reliable diagnosis. We studied clinical findings, biological data, and treatment outcome in a series of 144 successive patients. Our results suggest that there are 2 biologically different entities i.e., true IBC and pseudo‐IBC. True IBC, whose course is currently fatal in all cases, can be divided into 2 sub‐categories i.e., common true IBC (75.7% of cases), in which inflammatory signs occur primarily or secondarily, and occult true IBC (13.2% of cases). Dermal emboli have been observed in 61% of common true IBC, but their absence did not alter the rapidly unfavourable outcome. Extensive lymph‐node involvement, other biological features and survival were the same in the 2 sub‐categories. Pseudo‐IBC (11.1% of cases) can easily be confused with common true IBC. The biological characteristics of pseudo‐IBC differ from those of true IBC: no dermal lymphatic involvement and little or no lymph‐node involvement. Despite large tumour size, outcome was particularly favourable. It is of great importance to differentiate true and pseudo‐IBC, for which the treatments are different. Confirmation of true IBC requires pathological demonstration of dermal lymphatic emboli or extensive lymph‐node involvement. Occult IBC must be identified for patients presenting rapidly growing tumours. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The European tourism industry in crisis: A stock market perspective

This article aims to evaluate the market performance of the European tourism industry from 2004 to 2014, a period that includes the financial and economic crises, to highlight which macroeconomic factors influenced the industry stock returns. The Stoxx Europe 600 Travel & Leisure price index is used to proxy the industry stock performance, and a multifactor market model is employed to individuate which macroeconomic variables are able to drive tourism stock performance. Results highlight that tourism stock performance is influenced by market conditions and by uncertainty, measured through the Chicago Board Options Exchange Volatility index (VIX). Despite the importance of tourism in Europe and its contribution to the economic growth, there is scant evidence on the performance of this industry in this area and on its relationship with economic conditions. The article, to the best of knowledge, represents the first contribution on the performance of European tourism industry in crisis years with a macroeconomic perspective.
Short-term clinical importance of osseous injuries diagnosed at MR imaging in patients with anterior cruciate ligament tear.

PURPOSE To determine the association between osseous injuries and short-term clinical outcome in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. MATERIALS AND METHODS The retrospective study was performed with institutional review board approval, and the requirement to obtain informed consent was waived. The study group consisted of 114 patients (57 male and 57 female patients with a mean age of 26.1 and 25.1 years, respectively) with ACL tear who underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and ACL reconstruction surgery and who filled out International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) knee evaluation questionnaires before and 1 year after surgery. All MR images were independently reviewed by two radiologists to determine the presence of a cortical depression fracture on each surface of the knee joint. Bone marrow edema volume was quantified by using segmentation software. Correlation coefficients were used to determine the association between bone marrow edema volume and IKDC score. A multivariate analysis model was used to compare IKDC scores in patients without fracture, patients with a single fracture, and patients with multiple fractures. RESULTS There was no significant association between total bone marrow edema volume and preoperative or postoperative IKDC score (P = .32 and P = .91, respectively). The mean preoperative and postoperative IKDC scores were 53.4 ± 18.6 and 93.0 ± 5.0, respectively, for patients without fracture, 54.8 ± 13.6 and 87.3 ± 10.8 for patients with a single fracture, and 53.1 ± 17.2 and 83.4 ± 12.7 for patients with multiple fractures. Patients with single and multiple fractures had similar (P = .91) preoperative IKDC scores but significantly lower (P < .001) postoperative IKDC scores compared to patients without fracture. CONCLUSION Cortical depression fractures in patients with ACL tear are associated with decreased clinical outcome scores 1 year after ACL reconstruction surgery.
Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract on Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Tolbutamide and Midazolam in Healthy Volunteers

This study was undertaken to clarify the influence of repeated oral administration of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on CYP2C9 and CYP3A4. CYP2C9 probe (tolbutamide, 125 mg) and CYP3A4 probe (midazolam, 8 mg) were orally administered to 10 male healthy volunteers before and after GBE intake (360 mg/d) for 28 days, and they received 75 g glucose after the dosing of tolbutamide. Plasma drug concentrations and blood glucose levels were measured. The area under concentration versus time curve (AUC0–∞) for tolbutamide after GBE intake was slightly but significantly (16%) lower than that before GBE intake. Concomitantly, GBE tended to attenuate AUC0–2 of blood glucose—lowering effect of tolbutamide. AUC0–∞ for midazolam was significantly (25%) increased by GBE intake and oral clearance was significantly (26%) decreased. Thus, it is suggested that the combination of GBE and drugs should be cautious in terms of the potential interactions, especially in elderly patients or patients treated with drugs exerting relatively narrow therapeutic windows.
Citalopram for compulsive shopping disorder: an open-label study followed by double-blind discontinuation.

BACKGROUND Open-label trials suggested that fluvoxamine and citalopram may be effective for compulsive shopping disorder, but 2 double-blind fluvoxamine trials failed to confirm this. To test the hypothesis that citalopram is a safe, effective treatment for this disorder, we conducted a 7-week, open-label trial followed by a 9-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled discontinuation trial. METHOD From Jan. 2001 to Jan. 2002, we enrolled adult outpatients meeting diagnostic criteria suggested in a prior study for compulsive shopping disorder and having a score of >/= 17 on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale-Shopping Version (YBOCS-SV). Open-label citalopram was started at 20 mg/day and increased, absent marked response and limiting side effects, to 60 mg/day. Responders (subjects rated "much improved" or "very much improved" on the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale [CGI-I] and having a >/= 50% decrease in YBOCS-SV score) were randomized to double-blind citalopram treatment at the week 7 dose or placebo for 9 weeks. RESULTS We enrolled 24 subjects (23 women and 1 man). Mean +/- SD YBOCS-SV scores decreased significantly from 24.3 +/- 4.6 at baseline to 8.2 +/- 8.1 at week 7 (Wilcoxon signed rank: z = 4.20, p <.001). Fifteen of 24 subjects (63%) met the responder criteria. Three subjects (13%) discontinued for adverse events (1 each for headache, rash, and insomnia). Of the 15 responders who entered the double-blind treatment phase, 5 of 8 (63%) randomized to placebo relapsed (YBOCS-SV score >/= 17 and "minimally improved" or less on the CGI-I) compared with none of 7 randomized to continue taking citalopram (Fisher exact test p =.019). CONCLUSION Citalopram appears to be a safe and effective treatment for compulsive shopping disorder. Further trials of citalopram and other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are warranted.
High-Performance High-Tc Superconducting Wires

We demonstrated short segments of a superconducting wire that meets or exceeds performance requirements for many large-scale applications of high-temperature superconducting materials, especially those requiring a high supercurrent and/or a high engineering critical current density in applied magnetic fields. The performance requirements for these varied applications were met in 3-micrometer-thick YBa2Cu3O7-δ films epitaxially grown via pulsed laser ablation on rolling assisted biaxially textured substrates. Enhancements of the critical current in self-field as well as excellent retention of this current in high applied magnetic fields were achieved in the thick films via incorporation of a periodic array of extended columnar defects, composed of self-aligned nanodots of nonsuperconducting material extending through the entire thickness of the film. These columnar defects are highly effective in pinning the superconducting vortices or flux lines, thereby resulting in the substantially enhanced performance of this wire.
Microarray analysis of gene expression in proliferating Schwann cells: Synergistic response of a specific subset of genes to the mitogenic action of heregulin plus forskolin

Cultured Schwann cells treated with heregulin growth factor require costimulation with a cyclic adenosine monophosphate‐elevating agent to produce maximal cell proliferation. Gene chip expression analysis was used to identify genes that are induced or repressed when Schwann cells are treated with heregulin and/or forskolin. By utilizing arrays that contained 8,799 probes, the expression of over 1,000 genes was found to be significantly changed after 30 hr of treatment with heregulin, forskolin, or heregulin plus forskolin. Hierarchical clustering revealed groups of genes with distinct expression patterns. Of particular interest was a cluster of 140 genes that were up‐regulated by heregulin plus forskolin but not by heregulin or forskolin alone. Many of the genes in this group have roles in cell division, such as cyclin B, cyclin D3, E2F‐5, cdc 25B, polo‐like kinase, and protein kinase C type III. These findings identify a profile of gene expression for Schwann cell proliferation. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A study of long- run theoretical relationship between ASEAN stock market indices and developed stock market indices of US and Japan

Over time the current world financial markets have become more closely correlated and interdependent due to increased market integration. One of the important outcomes of globalization has been economic cross-linkages and the increased co-movement of asset prices across international markets. This paper studies the long run relationship of five founding members of ASEAN-5, namely Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Philippines & Thailand (referred to as ASEAN-5) and developed stock market indices of US and Japan. After the 1997 Asian Financial crisis, the stock markets in this region are expected to open up and become more interdependent. An Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) has been used to empirically test if a long run relationship exists among these indices. Our study finds that the ASEAN-5 stock markets are co-integrated along with developed stock markets of US and Japan which is in line with many studies.
Cholecalciferol supplementation in hemodialysis patients: effects on mineral metabolism, inflammation, and cardiac dimension parameters.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral cholecalciferol supplementation on mineral metabolism, inflammation, and cardiac dimension parameters in long-term hemodialysis (HD) patients. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS This 1-year prospective study included 158 HD patients. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)(2)D], intact parathyroid hormone, and plasma brain natriuretic peptide as well as circulating bone metabolism and inflammation parameters were measured before and after supplementation. Baseline 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)(2)D levels were measured twice (end of winter and of summer, respectively). Therapy with paricalcitol, sevelamer, and darbepoietin was evaluated. RESULTS There was an increase in serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)(2)D levels after supplementation. Conversely, serum calcium, phosphorus, and intact parathyroid hormone were decreased. There was a reduction in the dosage and in the number of patients who were treated with paricalcitol and sevelamer. Darbepoietin use was also reduced, with no modification of hemoglobin values. Serum albumin increased and C-reactive protein decreased during the study. Brain natriuretic peptide levels and left ventricular mass index were significantly reduced at the end of the supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Oral cholecalciferol supplementation in HD patients seems to be an easy and cost-effective therapeutic measure. It allows reduction of vitamin D deficiency, better control of mineral metabolism with less use of active vitamin D, attenuation of inflammation, reduced dosing of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, and possibly improvement of cardiac dysfunction.
Urban redevelopment and development relationship: a critical evaluation of Downtown Kingston redevelopment and the development of the Kingston metropolitan area of Jamaica

Urban redevelopment projects persist predominantly within the Downtown central business district of the Kingston metropolitan area. This narrow spatial focus of redevelopment projects and efforts ignores the implication for development of the wider metropolitan area and the national urban structure. Evidence suggests that the efforts put in urban redevelopment have achieved moderate success in a few areas and have failed, in others, to provide the revitalisation and renewal energy needed t\o manage contemporary socio-demographic, spatial and economic dynamics and ensure urban sustainability. Compressing data and information collected over the last 10 years from various pertinent sources the research also draws upon a large volume of intellectual literature. The myriad of negative consequences of the redevelopment efforts since 1907 to date have all ultimately linked to ineffective urban management, lacking both philosophical and technical base. The experiences are valuable tools in improving the future relationship between urban redevelopment and urban development.
Through the Lens of Race: Black and White Women's Perceptions of Womanhood

The intersection of race and gender may create unique experiences for Black and White women in terms of work, family, domestic roles, and interpersonal relationships. Dissimilar gender-role norms may foster different perceptions of gender for these two groups of women. In the current study, we examined similarities and differences in Black and White women's perceptions of their gender using qualitative focus group methodology and grounded theory data analysis. The results identified five themes that were common to Black and White women: Gender-Based Mistreatment, Perceived Advantage, Friendships and Community, Caretaking, and Work and Family Options. One additional theme, Inner Strength, emerged only for Black women. Although many of the broad perceptions of womanhood were similar for Black and White women, analysis of the content within each theme highlighted important differences. We discuss the results in terms of how they may reflect socio-historical factors, gender discrimination, stereotypes, and gender-role norms.
Distributive leadership among leaders in effective schools

Distributive leadership practice among school leaders is an important element towards materializing Malaysian Education Development Plan 2013 – 2025 in increasing effective leadership practice.This study examines the level of distributive leadership practice and the differences based on respondents’ demographic aspects.This study employs the quantitative approach of cross-sectional survey to collect the data. The population is secondary school leaders in the Northern zone of Malaysia. Stratified random sampling is used to select the respondents and 341 respondents were involved to complete the Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI) (Kouzes & Posner, 1995) questionnaire.The findings showed that effective school leaders practice a high level of distributive leadership in all dimensions.Besides that, there exists a significant difference in the distributive leadership practice based on demographic aspects.Thus, the elements in the distributive leadership practice should be inculcated in all school leaders because it could contribute to the success of Malaysian Education Development Plan 2013 – 2025.