Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moringa oleifera Attenuates Crude Oil Contaminated Diet Induced Biochemical Effects in Wistar Albino Rats

The ability of Moringa oleifera leaves to protect against crude oil-contaminated diet imposed alterations in biochemical parameters of wistar albino rats was investigated. Exposure of rats to crude oil contaminated diet resulted in hepatic injury as evidenced by significant (P<0.05) increase in the activities of serum hepatic enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP). Serum urea, creatinine and potassium ion also significantly increased. Moreover, serum sodium, calcium, chloride and bicarbonate ions significantly (P<0.05) decreased in rats exposed to crude oil contaminated diet, indicating impaired kidney function. Similarly, exposure of rats to crude oil contaminated diet significantly (P<0.05) increased serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglyceride (TAG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) but significantly decreased high-density lipoproteins (HDL) when compared to the control. Moreover, the values of serum total protein, albumin and globulin significantly reduced in rats exposed to crude oil contaminated diet compared with values in rat fed uncontaminated diet. However, supplementing crude oil contaminated diet with Moringa oleifera significantly maintained serum levels of hepatic enzymes, urea, creatinine and electrolytes close to values obtained in control rats and significantly improved lipid profile and serum proteins. Rats fed Moringa oleifera treated diets exhibited reduced TC, TAG and LDL and a higher HDL compared to rats fed with crude oil contaminated diet. Besides, rats fed Moringa oleifera treated diet had significantly higher total protein, albumin and globulin as compared with rats fed crude oil contaminated diet. Thus, this study exhibits the protective effect of Moringa oleifera supplemented diet against the adverse biochemical effects that were mediated by crude oil.
Effect of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)-based intercropping systems on yield and economics under rainfed condition

A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2010-11 to 2012-13 at Nana Kandhasar, Surendranagar, Gujarat to study the yield, economics and post harvest soil nutrient status of groundnut (Arachis hypogeae L ) - based intercropping systems under rainfed condition. Results of experiment indicated that intercropping of groundnut and sesame in the row proportion of 1:1 recorded significantly higher groundnut pod equivalent yield (1106 kg/ha), land equivalent ratio (1.18 ), net returns (Rs 30691/ha ) as well as B:C ratio (1.82 ) over other planting pattern. Further, the data revealed that the highest nutrient use productivity (27.88 kg/ha/kg) was recorded under sole groundnut, while maximum available N (220.2 kg/ha) and K (310.4 kg/ha) was recorded with groundnut + greengram (1:1) and highest available P (29.2 kg/ha) with sole mothbean. Thus, groundnut + sesame (1:1) is a biologically and economically sustainable intercropping system for rainfed conditions of Gujarat.
Clients Who Stalk Psychologists: Prevalence, Methods, and Motives.

There is emerging recognition that psychologists are susceptible to various forms of intrusiveness by clients, including stalking. Information regarding the contexts in which stalking emerges and the behaviors to which clinicians are subjected is limited. A random sample of Australian psychologists (N = 1,750) was surveyed to ascertain the prevalence, nature, and occupational impact of stalking by clients. Of the 830 respondents, 19.5% had been stalked for 2 weeks or more. Psychologists typically perceived the stalking to be motivated by resentment (42%) or infatuation (19%). Most practitioners altered their professional practice as a consequence of the harassment and 29% considered leaving the profession. Stalking by clients is a salient professional issue that requires greater attention to better manage conduct that is potentially damaging to both therapists and clients.
Equity Pricing and Risk Premium under Long-Run Risks and Incomplete Information

In this paper we derive a pricing kernel for continuous-time long-run risks economy with the Epstein-Zin utility function, non-i.i. d. consumption growth, and incomplete information about fundamentals. In equilibrium, agents learn about latent conditional mean of consumption growth and price equity simultaneously. We demonstrate our analytical results by applying the model to a well-known complete information equity valuation model. Calibration of the model reveals that it can match price-earnings ratio of the market index, equity premium, and a short term interest rate in the data, which, as we show, we can only achieve for high levels of latent state variable persistence. There is a trade-off between the persistence necessary to fit the data and parameters controlling the inference process. The easier the inference is, the larger persistence is required to fit the data.
Determining the Origins of Advective Heat Transport Convergence Variability in the North Atlantic

A recent state estimate covering the period 1992‐2010 from the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) project is utilized to quantify the roles of air‐sea heat fluxes and advective heat transport convergences in setting upper-ocean heat content anomalies H in the North Atlantic Ocean on monthly to interannual time scales. Anomalies in (linear) advective heat transport convergences, as well as Ekman and geostrophic contributions, are decomposed into parts that are due to velocity variability, temperature variability, and their covariability. Ekman convergences are generally dominated by variability in Ekman mass transports, which reflect the instantaneous response to local wind forcing, except in the tropics, where variability in the temperature field plays a significant role. In contrast, both budget analyses and simple dynamical arguments demonstratethat geostrophic heat transport convergences that are due to temperature and velocity variability are anticorrelated, and thus their separate treatment is not insightful. In the interior of the subtropical gyre, the sum of air‐sea heat fluxes and Ekman heat transport convergences is a reasonable measure of local atmospheric forcing, and such forcing explains the majority of Hvariability on all time scales resolved by ECCO. In contrast, in the Gulf Stream region and subpolar gyre, ocean dynamics are found to be important in setting Hon interannual time scales. Air‐sea heat fluxes damp anomalies created by the ocean and thus are not set by local atmospheric variability.
Effect of Cooking and Sun Drying On Micronutrients, Antinutrients an Toxic Substances in Corchorus olitorius (Jute Mallow)

Leafy vegetables generally contain some intrinsic phytotoxins that affect human health negatively at high concentrations. The presence of these toxins which is believed to protect the plant from their preys has severely limited the nutritional potential of vegetables. The reason that, this research was conducted to determine the effect of cooking (fresh leaves of the vegetable were cook or boiled for 5 and 10 minutes) and sun drying on antinutrients (soluble and total oxalates), toxic substance (cyanide and nitrate) and some micronutrients which include vitamin C, β-carotene (provitamin A) and mineral elements (Fe, Mg, Cu, Na and K) in Corchorus olitorius. Results obtained showed that cooking and sun drying significantly (p 0.05). Corchorus olitorius is an excellent source of β-carotene, vitamin C and some mineral elements. However, both treatments reduce vitamin C concentration significantly (p < 0.05). β-carotene concentration increased in the cooked Corchorus olitorius leaves, while its concentration was reduced in sundried leaves. However, cooking exceeding 5 minutes led to significant (p < 0.05) reduction in β-carotene concentration in the vegetables. Mineral elements (Fe, Cu, Mg, Na and K) in the Corchorus olitorius decreased significantly with cooking, whereas sun drying had no significant effect on the mineral concentrations. The results conclude that moderate cooking reduce the phytotoxins to the tolerable levels without compromising the nutritional values of the vegetable.
The final data release of ALLSMOG: A survey of CO in typical local low- M ∗ star-forming galaxies

C.C. acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 664931. K.S. and C.C. acknowledge support from Swiss National Science Foundation Grants PP00P2_138979 and PP00P2_166159. RM acknowledges support from the ERC Advanced Grant 695671 >QUENCH> and from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). Z. -Y.Z. acknowledges support from ERC in the form of the Advanced Investigator Programme, 321302, COSMICISM. D.R. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under grant number AST-1614213 to Cornell University. M.A. acknowledges partial support from FONDECYT through grant 1140099. Y.P. acknowledges support from the National Key Program for Science and Technology Research and Development under grant number 2016YFA0400702, and from the Thousand Youth Talents Program of China. F.B. acknowledges support from the Science and Facilities Research Council (STFC). This publication is based on data acquired with the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX) under programme ID 192.A-0359. APEX is a collaboration between the Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie, the European Southern Observatory, and the Onsala Space Observatory.
Vitamin E Improves Morphology and Absorptive Surface of Small Intestine in Broiler Chickens Reared at High Altitude

Under high altitude conditions, the effects of vitamin E (α-tocopherol) on growth performance, intestinal morphology (villus size and type), and absorptive surface area of broiler chickens were evaluated. Chickens were fed diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 or 400 IU/kg vitamin E for 42 days. On days 14, 28 and 42, birds were sacrificed and three segments of small intestine were dissected. The feed conversion ratio at day 42 significantly decreased when supplementing the diet with 400 IU/kg vitamin E (P < 0.05). The duodenal and jejunal villus height, width, and lamina propria at both 28 and 42 days significantly increased when supplementing the diet with all concentrations of vitamin E, but the ileal villus height was only higher with 400 IU/kg vitamin E compared to the control diet at 42 days (P < 0.05). The proportion of jejunal leaf + tongue-like villi increased while convoluted + ridge-like villi decreased with 200 and 400 IU/kg vitamin E supplementation at 42 days compared to the control (P < 0.05). The sum of measured villus surface area in three intestinal parts increased due to vitamin E supplementation at days 28 and 42 compared to control (P < 0.05). It is concluded that vitamin E (especially 400 IU/kg) had beneficial effects on feed efficiency, intestinal morphology and absorptive area.
Closing the “Critical Disconnect“. The establishment of regional prevention networks at the interface of prevention and deradicalisation work using the example of the Federal State Democracy Centre Baden-Wuerttemberg

In many cases of jihadist radicalisation, the direct environment perceived signs and/or knew about the plans of the individual to join a terrorist group (Gill et al., 2014, p. 429). Yet, it can be assumed that only a small number of these persons reported their observations to the competent authorities. The fear of putting the relationship with the radicalising individual or themselves at risk can lead these persons to keep their observations a secret (Williams et al., 2015). This paper argues that the establishment of local points of contact where trained resources persons operate as so-called gatekeepers (Williams et al., 2015, p. 45) could be a meaningful step towards overcoming the lack of trust in the relevant CVE service providers. The establishment of these points of contact as exemplified by the regional prevention network of the Federal State Democracy Centre Baden-Wuerttemberg advances the crucial transition from prevention work to deradicalisation through the qualification of locally embedded resource persons. The points of contact can implement prevention strategies in the districts which are tailored to local requirements and specificities (White House, 2015). Therefore, local points of contact operate at the intersection of prevention work and the federal deradicalisation unit. The concept of a regional prevention network demonstrates the possibility to establish an early warning system with respect to the radicalisation of youths.
Antimicrobial polymers : Mimicking amino acid functionality through to three-dimensional structure of host-defense peptides

Peptides and proteins control and direct all aspects of cellular function and communication. Having been honed by nature for millions of years, they also typically display an unsurpassed specificity for their biological targets. This underlies the continued focus on peptides as promising drug candidates. However, the development of peptides into viable drugs is hampered by their lack of chemical and pharmacokinetic stability and the cost of large scale production. One method to overcome such hindrances is to develop polymer systems that are able to retain the important structural features of these biologically active peptides, while being cheaper and easier to produce and manipulate chemically. This review illustrates these principles using examples of polymers designed to mimic antimicrobial host-defence peptides. The host-defence peptides have been identified as some of the most important leads for the next generation of antibiotics as they typically exhibit broad spectrum antimicrobial ability, low toxicity toward human cells and little susceptibility to currently known mechanisms of bacterial resistance. Their movement from the bench to clinic is yet to be realised, however, due to the limitations of these peptides as drugs. The literature provides a number of examples of polymers that have been able to mimic these peptides through all levels of structure, starting from specific amino acid sidechains, through to more global features such as overall charge, molecular weight and three-dimensional structure (e.g. α-helical). The resulting optimised polymers are able retain the activity profile of the peptides, but within a synthetic macromolecular construct that may be better suited to the development of a new generation of antimicrobial therapeutics. Such work has not only produced important new leads to combat the growing threat of antibiotic resistance, but may also open up new ways for polymers to mimic other important classes of biologically active peptides.
An example of a science communication evaluation study: Discovery07, a Dutch science party

This article presents an example of how a public science party was evaluated. The main goals of the science party, to increase the positive image of science and present an attractive science event, were evaluated in two ways. First, web surveys were used to determine the image of science before and after the event among paying visitors, invited guests, and a control group (N = 149). Second, during the event, visitors were interviewed about their experiences at the event (N = 124). The survey study showed that the image of science was very positive among all three groups of respondents. As no differences were found between preand post-tests, participation in the event did not lead to a more positive image of science. The results of the interviews suggested that visitors highly appreciated the event. In the Discussion, the evaluation study is analyzed and possibilities/limitations for future general use are discussed.
Microbial, Biochemical, Anatomical and Histochemical Analysis of Black Pepper and Sorghum Inoculated with Mycorrhiza

Microbial, biochemical and histochemical analysis of Black pepper ( Piper nigrum L.) and sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) inoculated with mycorrhiza from the organic soil, inorganic soil, natural soil, control and Glomus fasciculatum was studied. Microbial population and activity of different enzymes in soils of pepper and sorghum inoculated with mycorrhiza and control plants were studied. The anatomical studies showed that there were striking differences in plant leaf structures. Sizes of upper epidermis, lower epidermis, xylem cells and spongy layer increased due to inoculation with mycorrhiza from the organic soil, inorganic soil, natural soil, control and Glomus fasciculatum . Histochemical analysis of these crop plants were carried out to study the difference in the accumulation of the polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids in leaf tissues of control and mycorrhiza inoculated plants. There was increased accumulation of protein, polysaccharide and the nucleic acids in the leaf samples indicating the direct correlation between the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Â ( AM) fungi and the crop response to inoculation of the AM fungi. The growth parameters studied were stem girth, rooting percentage and sprouting percentage. Mycorrhizal association with pepper and sorghum was also studied.
Estimating uncertainties in the SBUV Version 8.6 merged profile ozone data set

Abstract. The combined record of total and profile ozone measurements from the solar backscatter ultraviolet (SBUV) and SBUV/2 series of instruments, known as the SBUV Merged Ozone Data (MOD) product, constitutes the longest satellite-based ozone time series from a single instrument type and as such plays a key role in ozone trend analyses. Following the approach documented in Frith et al. (2014) to analyze the merging uncertainties in the MOD total ozone record, we use Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the potential for uncertainties in the calibration and drift of individual instruments in the profile ozone merged data set. We focus our discussion on the trends and associated merging uncertainty since 2001 in an effort to verify the start of ozone recovery as predicted by chemistry climate models. We find that merging uncertainty dominates the overall estimated uncertainty when considering only the 15 years of data since 2001. We derive trends versus pressure level for the MOD data set that are positive in the upper stratosphere as expected for ozone recovery. These trends appear to be significant when only statistical uncertainties are included but become not significant at the 2σ level when instrument uncertainties are accounted for. However, when we use the entire data set from 1979 through 2015 and fit to the EESC (equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine) we find statistically significant fits throughout the upper stratosphere at all latitudes. This implies that the ozone profile data remain consistent with our expectation that chlorine is the dominant ozone forcing term.
Domestic Violence among Women in Jeddah

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of domestic violence and the common health problems reported by abused women. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted between December 15, 2011 and May 30, 2012 on female residents of Jeddah who presented to King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz Oncology Medical Center, or King Fahd General Hospital. Results: A total of 203 women were recruited. The lifetime prevalence of domestic violence was 34.0%. Emotional abuse was the most common form of abuse (31.3%); physical and sexual abuses were reported in 21.6% and 4.8% of the participants, respectively. Only 1% of Saudi victims of domestic violence planned to seek help from social services. Conclusion: Although domestic violence is a common problem among women in Jeddah, only a negligible proportion of women plan to seek help. Policy makers should therefore improve social support services to encourage and cater for the needs of abused women.
Market Share Competition, Non-Separable Utility and the Propagation of Monetary Policy Shocks

I extend a standard monetary business cycles model with fully flexible prices along two dimensions: market share competition as proposed by Phelps and Winter (1970) and the assumption that the utility function of the representative household is non-additively separable in money and consumption. Market share competition makes the markups of prices over marginal costs endogenous which substantially improves the predictions of the model with respect to the propagation of monetary shocks. For a broad range of empirically plausible parameter values the impulse responses of output, employment and wages to these shocks display a one period delay and a substantial degree of persistence even when the monetary shock is serially uncorrelated. As a comparison between the standard New Keynesian model with Calvo pricing and the framework developed in this paper shows, the latter can be considered a useful alternative to the former for analyzing positive as well as normative issues.
Energy balance in taekwondo athletes during pre-competition

Background Taekwondo athletes often rigorously limit food intake for long periods prior to competitions, rapidly reducing their total body mass to fit specific weight categories. This strategy can lead to reduced performance dur ing training and competition and impair the health of the athletes. This study aim is the knowledge about en ergy balance and micronutrient intake in taekwondo athletes during the competition period. Material & Methods: The study sample comprised eight taekwondo athletes (17.8 ± 2.2 years, 60.9 ± 12.7 kg, and 1.8 ± 0.1 m) of both sexes with competition experience at the national and international levels. The energy balance was determined by comparing the total caloric value (TCV) and the total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), which was calculated on the basis of the metabolic equivalents of task (MET). Both measurements were performed on two non-consecutive days within 2 to 3 weeks before a target competition. TCV and TDEE were compared using the paired t test (p<0.05). Results: The results of this study indicated that the mean TCV was significantly lower than the mean TDEE (p<0.001), leading to a mean energy deficit of -1,246.2 ± 399.5 kcal. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins accounted for 56.4 ± 3.5%, 24.12 ± 2.9%, and 19.5 ± 2.7% of the energy intake, respectively, and met the energy requirements of the athletes. Conclusions: These results indicated that taekwondo athletes had a negative caloric balance during the pre-competition period.