Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plastic Deformation of Semicrystalline Polyethylene under Extension, Compression, and Shear Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Plastic deformation of the stack of alternating crystal and amorphous layers typical of semicrystalline polyethylene is studied by molecular dynamics simulation. A previous investigation of the semicrystalline layered stack undergoing isochoric extension1 is extended here to include several new modes of deformation: isostress extension, isostress compression, and isochoric shear, at 350 K and deformation rates of 5 × 107 and 5 × 106 s–1. The observed stress–strain responses are interpreted in terms of the underlying structural evolution of the material for each mode of deformation. Under tensile deformation, crystallographic slip was observed at low strains (0 < e3 < 0.08) regardless of deformation rate. Different yield mechanisms were observed for the different deformation rates. To explain the response at intermediate strains (0.08 < e3 < 0.26), we introduce the concept of “bridging entanglements”, which are temporary, physical bridges between crystal lamellae comprising entanglements involving chain se.
Self-Control and Ethical Beliefs on the Social Learning of Intellectual Property Theft*

Social learning theory has been identified as a strong predictor of various computer-related crimes, espe- cially intellectual property theft (Higgins and Makin 2004; Hinduja 2006; Rogers 2001; Skinner and Fream 1997). Undoubtedly, the relationship is more complex, as other factors appear to affect one's proclivity to be influenced by the social learning components. The current study examined survey response data from over two thousand university students to clarify potential interactive effects that measures of an individual's self-control and ethical beliefs might have on the relationship between social learning and music piracy. The results indicated that self-control conditioned the effect that differential association and differential reinforcement had on levels of music piracy. In addition, ethi- cal beliefs in piracy laws conditioned the effect that differential reinforcement and imitation had on levels of music piracy.
NONLINEAR VOLTERRA INTEGRAL EQUATIONS IN HENSTOCK INTEGRABILITY SETTING

We prove the existence of global solutions for nonlinear Volterra- type integral equations involving the Henstock integral in Banach spaces. The functions governing the equation are supposed to be continuous only with respect to some variables and to satisfy some integrability or boundedness conditions. Our result improves the similar one given in (16) (where uniform continuity was required), as well as those referred therein. Then a related existence result is deduced in the set-valued case.
Searching for spectral oscillations due to photon-axionlike particle conversion using the Fermi-LAT observations of bright supernova remnants

Axionlike particles (ALPs) are one promising type of dark matter candidate particle that may generate detectable effects on gamma-ray spectra other than the canonical weakly interacting massive particles. In this work we search for such oscillation effects in the spectra of supernova remnants caused by the photon-ALP conversion, using the Fermi Large Area Telescope data. Three bright supernova remnants, IC443, W44, and W51C, are analyzed. The inclusion of photon-ALP oscillations yields an improved fit to the gamma-ray spectrum of IC443, which gives a statistical significance of 4.2 sigma in favor of such spectral oscillation. However, the best-fit parameters of ALPs (m(a) = 6.6 neV, g(a gamma) = 13.4 x 10(-11) GeV-1) are in tension with the upper bound (g(a gamma)
ANALISIS SPASIAL HUBUNGAN FAKTOR RISIKO LINGKUNGAN DENGAN PERSEBARAN KASUS DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KOTA SALATIGA

Berdasarkan data Dinas Kesehatan Kota Salatiga tahun 2010, Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di kota Salatiga. Terdapat peningkatan jumlah kasus DBD pada tahun 2010 dibandingkan dengan 2009. Lebih dari 50% dari 22 desa di Kota Salatiga merupakan daerah endemis DBD dan sisanya didominasi oleh wilayah sporadis. Faktor risiko lingkungan yang dapat berpengaruh dalam kejadian DBD seperti suhu, kelembaban, curah hujan, hari hujan, kepadatan penduduk, keberadaan dan kepadatan vektor. Analisis distribusi penyakit terhadap faktor-faktor risiko yang telah diketahui menggunakan sistem informasi geografis dibutuhkan untuk mendukung dalam penanganan kasus DBD di Salatiga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor risiko lingkungan dan penyebaran kasus DBD di kota Salatiga menggunakan pendekatan analisis spasial. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ekologi. Variabel yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah suhu, kelembaban, curah hujan, hari hujan, kepadatan penduduk, kepadatan vektor, dan insiden kasus DBD. Data dianalisis menggunakan GIS dan uji korelasi statistik. Semua variabel yang diteliti menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan (kepadatan p=0,001, suhu p=0,002, curah hujan p=0,01, hari hujan p=0,011, kelembapan p=0,001) dengan kasus demam berdarah kecuali house index (p=0,142). Penyebaran kasus DBD di Kota Salatiga pada tahun 2010 lebih banyak tersebar di area dengan kepadatan penduduk lebih dari 4000 jiwa/km2, kelurahan dengan suhu udara 27,9-30°C dan kelembaban nisbi 64,5-74,7%. Jumlah kasus DBD meningkat saat curah hujan juga meningkat. Dinas Kesehatan Kota Salatiga diharapkan lebih memperhatikan daerah-daerah yang memiliki potensi faktor risiko lingkungan yang tinggi di Salatiga. Masyarakat juga diharapkan untuk berpartisipasi aktif dalam kegiatan pencegahan DBD di wilayah masing-masing. Kata Kunci: analisis spasial, DBD, lingkungan, Salatiga
ACCOUNTING CONSERVATISM, ENVIRONMENTAL UNCERTAINTY AND THE CAPITAL STRUCTURE

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of reporting conservatism on firm’s capital structure decisions and the role of environmental uncertainty as a moderating variable. While the role of conservatism has been investigated in certain debt-contracting setting, evidence is sparse about the effect of conservatism on the degree of financial leverage. We examine this issue using a sample of Australian firms from 1992 to 2005. We find that accounting conservatism positively affect a firm’s leverage structure. Further, we find that the relation between accounting conservatism and firm leverage is moderated by environmental uncertainty context; however this finding is not robust to all three proxies that we used to measure conservatism.
Parametric Studies on Batch Alcohol Fermentation Using Saccharomyces Yeast Extracted from Toddy

The present study deals with the development of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strain from toddy and the study of important process parameters which will facilitate the fermentation of sugar to alcohol using the developed strain. Evaluation of the yeast strain was performed in a batch fermenter of 1 L capacity under varying pH, temperature, sugar concen- tration, inoculum time and medium constituents. The optimum pH and temperature were found to be 4.25 and 30°C. The present yeast strain was found to be efficient to ferment 200 g/L sugar solution without any difficulty and 90 g/L ethanol was formed with an ethanol yield based on sugar utilized of 0.462. The fermentation time was reduced from 96 to 63 hours by increasing the inoculum time from 12 to 48 hours. From the study of the nutrient composition it was established that beef extract can be substituted for costly yeast extract. A higher concentration and yield of ethanol were obtained using a yeast strain developed from toddy compared to bakers' yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
S0033291718002489jra 1..12

Background. Emotion dysregulation is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD), which often co-occurs with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Difficulties in emotion regulation (ER) have been linked to lower high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV), a measure of autonomous nervous system functioning. However, previous research on vagallymediated heart rate in BPD revealed heterogeneous findings and the effects of comorbid PTSD and dissociation on HF-HRV are not yet completely understood. This study aim to investigate HF-HRV during resting-state and an ER task in female BPD patients with comorbid PTSD (BPD + PTSD), patients without this comorbidity (BPD), and healthy controls (HC). Methods. 57 BPD patients (BPD: n = 37, BPD + PTSD: n = 20) and 27 HC performed an ER task with neutral, positive, and negative images. Participants were instructed to either attend these pictures or to down-regulate their upcoming emotions using cognitive reappraisal. Subjective arousal and wellbeing, self-reported dissociation, and electrocardiogram data were assessed. Results. Independent of ER instruction and picture valence, both patient groups (BPD and BPD + PTSD) reported higher subjective arousal and lower wellbeing; patients with BPD + PTSD further exhibited significantly lower HF-HRV compared with the other groups. Higher self-reported state dissociation predicted higher HF-HRV during down-regulating v. attending negative pictures in BPD + PTSD. Conclusions. Findings suggest increased emotional reactivity to negative, positive, and neutral pictures, but do not provide evidence for deficits in instructed ER in BPD. Reduced HF-HRV appears to be particularly linked to comorbid PTSD, while dissociation may underlie attempts to increase ER and HF-HRV in BPD patients with this comorbidity.
Cost‐efficiency of biodiversity indicators for Mediterranean ecosystems and the effects of socio‐economic factors

Summary 1. Biodiversity assessments usually rely on indicators as surrogates for direct measures. Although the ecological validity of indicators has been extensively studied, their economic feasibility and costeffectiveness have seldom been assessed. 2. Here we present a novel generic framework for analysing the cost-effectiveness of biodiversity indicators and the effect of budget allocations on the quality of biodiversity surveys. We sampled a suite of environmental and biological indicators in a Mediterranean ecosystem and calculated their cost-effectiveness using measures of species richness, rarity and composition. 3. Environmental indicators were the cheapest indicator for richness and rarity but not for composition patterns, and they conveyed low accuracy (<70% of the variation in diversity patterns). For higher accuracy, plants and a combination of plants and insects provided the most cost-effective indication of species richness, rarity and composition. Representation of composition patterns conveyed higher representation accuracy per given budget than richness patterns. 4. Marginal costs of improving the survey’s ecological performance were high, making a taxonomically extensive sampling strategy non-cost-effective. Taxonomic identification of species-rich invertebrate taxa is the major cost component in surveying these groups, and the availability of taxonomic expertise is a critical factor in determining their cost-effectiveness. 5. We further illustrated the effects of socio-economic context on the cost-effectiveness of indicators by comparing the expected costs of conducting this survey in California and Morocco, two Mediterranean-type regions at opposite socio-economic extremes. Labour costs and the need for taxonomic out-sourcing were the main sources of differences between regions, showing that cost-effectiveness of indicators is, to a great extent, context-dependent, and that the availability of in-house taxonomic expertise is a major determinant. 6. Synthesis and applications. The acquisition of reliable data on biodiversity distribution is often a major limiting factor in effective conservation planning and management. We show that biodiversity representation and site prioritization can be conducted efficiently with limited funds by explicitly incorporating costs into the selection of indicators. The generic framework developed here for cost-efficiency analysis of indicators can improve the quality and scope of biodiversity surveys and subsequently improve conservation decision-making.
BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE AND PINE OIL-CONTAINING CLEANING FLUID IS NOT EFFECTIVE AGAINST Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Nosocomial infection is one of the leading cause of the increasing of morbidity and mortality in the hospital. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is included in one of the most three bacteria that cause opportunistic infections in human including nosocomial infections. WHO in 2002 has issued guidelines prevention of nosocomial infections, including infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. One preventive measure is to maintain a clean hospital environment, both macroscopically and microscopically. One of the measures to prevent nosocomial infection is a clean hospital environment by using materials routinely cleaning floors, walls, bathrooms, etc. Among the many brands of floor cleaner ingredients antimicrobial active substances most widely used is benzalkonium chloride and pine oil. Therefore the researcher are examining the effectiveness of floor cleaning fluid which contain benzalkonium chloride and pine oil. The objective of this study was to know the effectiveness comparison between the floor cleaner fluid which is containing antimicrobial substance benzalkonium chloride and pine oil against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.This research is true experimental research which is done diffusion modification method in the microbiology laboratory. Floor cleaner fluid being used is floor cleaning agents containing 450 ml of 1.5% benzalkonium chloride which was then diluted in accordance with the rules of usage indicated on the packaging and floor cleaning agents containing 450 ml of 2.5% Pine oil is then diluted in accordance with the rules the use indicated on the packaging. Then the floor cleaning materials are placed on wells that have been made on agar plates that had been planted with Mueller Hinton bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa with streaking method. In order for the plate and then put into an incubator, and observed the formation of bacterial growth inhibition zones around the wells. Results revealed that no bacterial growth inhibition zone was formed around the wells which has given floor cleaning fluid therein. In conclusion, the floor cleaning fluid which is containing antimicrobial substance whether benzalkonium chloride or pine oil are not effective againts Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (FMI 2012;48 121-125)
The relationship between perch type and aggressive behavior in the lizard Norops polylepis (Squamata: Dactyloidae)

La intensidad de agresion por individuos que son duenos de un territorio hacia los intrusos se ha relacionado con el tipo de recurso disponible en sus territorios. La influencia de las caracteristicas del sitio de percha con el comportamiento de agresividad de los machos residentes de Norops polylepis en presencia de un macho intruso se investigo en este estudio. En cada sitio de percha se registro el comportamiento agresivo de los residentes, junto con los diametros de percha y arboles jovenes alrededor. Se encontro evidencia de que la agresion de los residentes incremento en perchas con mayor diametro y areas con mayor densidad de arboles jovenes. Explicaciones potenciales por el alto nivel de agresividad de N. polylepis en perchas anchas y con mayor numero de arboles jovenes alrededor fueron exploradas.
Intermediate-m ULF waves generated by substorm injection: a case study

Abstract. A case study of SuperDARN observations of Pc5 Alfven ULF wave activity generated in the immediate aftermath of a modest-intensity substorm expansion phase onset is presented. Observations from the Hankasalmi radar reveal that the wave had a period of 580 s and was characterized by an intermediate azimuthal wave number (m=13), with an eastwards phase propagation. It had a significant poloidal component and a rapid equatorward phase propagation (~62° per degree of latitude). The total equatorward phase variation over the wave signatures visible in the radar field-of-view exceeded the 180° associated with field line resonances. The wave activity is interpreted as being stimulated by recently-injected energetic particles. Specifically the wave is thought to arise from an eastward drifting cloud of energetic electrons in a similar fashion to recent theoretical suggestions (Mager and Klimushkin, 2008; Zolotukhina et al., 2008; Mager et al., 2009). The azimuthal wave number m is determined by the wave eigenfrequency and the drift velocity of the source particle population. To create such an intermediate-m wave, the injected particles must have rather high energies for a given L-shell, in comparison to previous observations of wave events with equatorward polarization. The wave period is somewhat longer than previous observations of equatorward-propagating events. This may well be a consequence of the wave occurring very shortly after the substorm expansion, on stretched near-midnight field lines characterised by longer eigenfrequencies than those involved in previous observations.
Rough path theory via fractional calculus

In this paper, we develop an alternative approach to the fundamental theory of rough paths on the basis of fractional calculus. First, using fractional derivatives, we introduce integration along β-Hölder rough paths for any roughness β ∈ (0, 1] and prove that this integral coincides with the first level path of the rough integral along geometric β-Hölder rough paths that were introduced by Lyons [19]. Next, we generalize the formulation to adapt for the concept of controlled paths introduced by Gubinelli [9]. As an application, we provide an alternative proof of Lyons’ extension theorem for geometric β-Hölder rough paths together with an explicit expression of the extension map. Finally, using the integration of controlled paths based on fractional derivatives, we formulate rough differential equations and establish existence and uniqueness results of solutions to rough differential equations driven by geometric β-Hölder rough paths with β ∈ (1/3, 1/2].
Gender analysis of poverty among rice farming household in Nigeria rice hub

Rice is an important crop to combat poverty; production has not kept pace with demand and gender blindness in policy making is prevalent in Nigeria. The study researched the poverty status of rice farming household, their determinants of poverty. 3-stage stratified random sampling was used; descriptive statistics, Foster Greer and Thorbecke poverty measure and Logitic regression were the analytical tools. The study revealed 23.81% of the respondents are female-headed and 76.19% are male-headed; 54.29% of the women are without formal education as compared to the men 25.89%. The male headed household are poorer 47.32% and 37.14%. The determinants of poverty include rice cultivated area, age, household size, use of credit, area of upland and education level. It is however recommended that gender consideration should be made a priority in poverty reduction strategies among rice farming households; innovation use should be encouraged; and education should be prioritized Keyword: Gender, Nigeria, Poverty, Rice farming households 1.0 INTRODUCTION The debate on the relationship between small farms and poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has gone through several cycles (Spencer, 2002; Poulton et al., 2005; Lipton, 2005). Evidence from literature identified this region as one of the world’s poorest, and the economies are heavily depended on agriculture as the primary source of income and food. These poor farmers include both males and females who play important role for food security of this region. Nigeria is located in this region; as the eight most populous nation of the world with about 168 million people, (Federal Office of Statistics, 2012) poverty is widespread with an estimated 80 per cent of Nigerians subsisting on less than $2 a day (UNDP 2009). A national poverty survey carried out indicates that the high tropic areas have moderate poverty while the northern regions have poverty levels that are as high as 60% (Okunmadewa et al., 2005; Nigeria Bureau of Statistics, 2009). This situation however, presents a paradox considering the vast human, material and physical resources that the country is endowed with, no noticeable success has been achieved in this direction. Although, predicted poverty reduction scenarios vary greatly depending upon the rate and nature of poverty related policies, actual evidence suggests that the depth and severity of poverty is still at its worst in Nigeria. (Hanmer and Nasehold, 2000; Barbier, 2000; Okunmadewa et al., 2005). Both the
Domesticating distant suffering: How can news media discursively invite the audience to care?

Several scholars have identified an important emotional role in news media’s covering of international disasters; inviting the audience to care for people in need who are not like us. This article addresses the question of how news media can attribute a local sense of relevance to global suffering by focusing on the journalistic practice of domestication. Following a case-based methodology, we investigate how two Belgian television stations have domesticated international disasters in 2011. As the study shows, rendering distant suffering more relevant to local audiences can be realized in several ways. A critical discourse analysis identified four key discursive modes of domestication. By drawing on these modes, news journalists try to incite involvement in their representations of distant suffering, hence inviting the local audience to relate with the distant other. Domestication can lead to possible feelings of cosmopolitanism and identification, although dominant power relations of global inequality remain largely unchallenged.
Measuring Copenhagen's public transport accessibility and network performance in a European context

Spatial accessibility measures have gained prominence in recent years as a supportive tool for decision making as well as stakeholder engagement in integrated land use and transport planning. They have also advanced our ability to conduct comparative and benchmarking studies between the land use-transport systems in different cities, or in a particular city over a longitudinal time line. This paper is based on a public transport accessibility assessment done for metropolitan Copenhagen in 2012 as part of the roll-out of the Spatial Network Analysis for Multimodal Urban Transport Systems (SNAMUTS) tool over a sample of eleven European cities. SNAMUTS utilises a set of seven distinct accessibility indicators to highlight the performance of the public transport network in its urban context from different angles. The application of the tool to Copenhagen showed that the Danish capital is among the top European performers on the majority of these accessibility measures, yet when it comes to actual usage of public transport (expressed by city-wide mode share or number of annual trips per capita), it only occupies a mid-field position in a European context. A more specific comparison of public transport accessibility in Copenhagen with neighbouring Hamburg, using the results of particular SNAMUTS indicators, will serve to highlight some of the key strengths and weaknesses in Copenhagen’s interplay of public transport and urban structure, and inspire some concluding reflections on how the city might use its existing and potential accessibility strengths to attract a higher rate of public transport ridership in the future.