Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Topic Modeling for Short Texts with Auxiliary Word Embeddings

For many applications that require semantic understanding of short texts, inferring discriminative and coherent latent topics from short texts is a critical and fundamental task. Conventional topic models largely rely on word co-occurrences to derive topics from a collection of documents. However, due to the length of each document, short texts are much more sparse in terms of word co-occurrences. Data sparsity therefore becomes a bottleneck for conventional topic models to achieve good results on short texts. On the other hand, when a human being interprets a piece of short text, the understanding is not solely based on its content words, but also her background knowledge (e.g., semantically related words). The recent advances in word embedding offer effective learning of word semantic relations from a large corpus. Exploiting such auxiliary word embeddings to enrich topic modeling for short texts is the main focus of this paper. To this end, we propose a simple, fast, and effective topic model for short texts, named GPU-DMM. Based on the Dirichlet Multinomial Mixture (DMM) model, GPU-DMM promotes the semantically related words under the same topic during the sampling process by using the generalized Polya urn (GPU) model. In this sense, the background knowledge about word semantic relatedness learned from millions of external documents can be easily exploited to improve topic modeling for short texts. Through extensive experiments on two real-world short text collections in two languages, we show that GPU-DMM achieves comparable or better topic representations than state-of-the-art models, measured by topic coherence. The learned topic representation leads to the best accuracy in text classification task, which is used as an indirect evaluation.
An Experimental Comparison of Techniques for the Assignment of Facilities to Locations

The optimal assignment of facilities to locations is a combinatorial problem that remains unsolved. None of the several optimal-producing procedures is computationally feasible for any but small problems. Three previously proposed heuristic techniques (craft, one by Hillier, one by Hillier and Connors) and one new one (Biased Sampling) are examined and experimentally compared for problems of from five departments to 30 departments. The new Biased Sampling procedure is seen to produce the best solutions but at relatively high computational cost. The Hillier-Connors procedure is especially interesting because it is considerably faster than craft and Biased Sampling and its solutions are only 2–6 per cent worse than Biased Sampling and only slightly worse than craft.
Argentine Ant Invasion Associated with Loblolly Pines in the Southeastern United States: Minimal Impacts but Seasonally Sustained

ABSTRACT Invasive ants are notorious for directly displacing native ant species. Although such impacts are associated with Argentine ant invasions (Linepithema humile) worldwide, impacts within natural habitat are less widely reported, particularly those affecting arboreal ant communities. Argentine ants were detected in North Carolina mixed pine-hardwood forest for the first time but were localized on and around loblolly pines (Pinus taeda), probably because of association with honeydew-producing Hemiptera. We explored the potential impacts of L. humile on arboreal and ground-foraging native ant species by comparing interspersed loblolly pines invaded and uninvaded by Argentine ants. Impacts on native ants were assessed monthly over 1 yr by counting ants in foraging trails on pine trunks and in surrounding plots using a concentric arrangement of pitfall traps at 1, 2, and 3 m from the base of each tree. Of floristics and habitat variables, higher soil moisture in invaded plots was the only difference between plot types, increasing confidence that any ant community differences were caused by Argentine ants. Overall patterns of impact were weak. Composition differed significantly between Argentine ant invaded and uninvaded trunks and pitfalls but was driven only by the presence of Argentine ants rather than any resulting compositional change in native ant species. Native ant abundance and richness were similarly unaffected by L. humile. However, the abundance of individual ant species was more variable. Although numbers of the arboreal Crematogaster ashmeadi (Myrmicinae) declined on and around invaded pines, epigeic Aphaenogaster rudis (Myrmicinae) remained the most abundant species in all plots. Argentine ant densities peaked in late summer and fall, therefore overlapping with most native ants. Unexpected was their continued presence during even the coldest months. We provide evidence that Argentine ants can invade and persist in native North Carolina forests, probably mediated by pine-associated resources. However, their localized distribution and minimal impact on the native ant fauna relative to previously described invasions requires further resolution.
User interface directions for the Web

T he Web is about to face its own Y2K crisis—one that has a great deal in common with the problems facing the mainframe industry. We know it’s coming, the solution is easy in principle, but difficult in practice due to sheer mass. And, we can safely predict that much of the problem will remain unsolved by the time it hits the fan. The Web’s Y2K crisis is due to the number of Web sites that will go online in the next few years. Figure 1 shows the growth of the Internet and the Web during the present decade. Since the diagram has a logarithmic y-axis, the curves represent exponential growth. If the growth rate does not slow down, the Web will reach 200 million sites sometime during 2003. Since the Web will have about 4 million sites by the time this issue of Communications reaches subscribers, we can conclude that about 196 million new sites will go online during the next five years. The world has about 20,000 user interface professionals. If all sites were to be professionally designed, and if a site design did not require more than a single UI professional, we can conclude that every UI professional in the world would need to If you think it’s crowded now, just wait! The Web is heading toward its own year-end calamity unless some skillful maneuvering is applied—quickly. USER INTERFACE DIRECTIONS FOR THE WEB
Sport, Professionalism and Pain: Ethnographies of Injury and Risk

Introduction Part One: Sports Medicine: Pain and Injury in Context 1. Investigating Sports Medicine: Medical Anthropology in Context 2. Sporting Bodies: Mortal Engines 3. Pain and Injury: Signal and Response Part Two: Professionalism and Commercialism and the Culture of Risk 4. How Professional Attitude Commercialises Sport 5. The Importance of Injury in the Commercialised World of Sport 6. Risk Culture as 'a Product' Part Three: Theory into Practice 7. Distinctive Community: The Welsh Rugby Club 8. At Any Cost: Success in Athletics 9. Bodily Dysfunction: The Paralympics as an Arena for Risk Afterward Part Four: Conclusions
Prevalência do uso de drogas e desempenho escolar entre adolescentes* Drug use prevalence and school performance among teenagers

Correspondencia para/Correspondence to: Beatriz Franck Tavares Av. Dom Joaquim, 849 – Treptow 96020-260 Pelotas, RS, Brasil E-mail: bft@terra.com. br *Parte da dissertacao de mestrado apresentada ao Departamento de Medicina Social da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, em 1999. Recebido em 27/7/2000. Reapresentado em 29/10/2000. Aprovado em 10/11/2000. Descritores Transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias psicoativas, epidemiologia. Adolescencia. Estudantes. Baixo rendimento escolar. Comportamento do adolescente. Prevalencia. Estudos transversais. Fatores socioeconomicos. Fatores epidemiologicos. Alcool. Tabaco. Maconha. Cocaina. Ansioliticos. – Abuso de substâncias. – Drogas. Desempenho escolar.
Technical Note - The Optimal Location of New Facilities Using Rectangular Distances

This note describes a method for locating any number of facilities optimally in relation to any number of existing facilities. The objective is to minimize the total of load-times-distance costs in the system. Any amount of loading may be present between the new facilities and the existing facilities and between the new facilities themselves. Distances are assumed to be rectangular.
A Class of Sequential Games

This paper considers a game between two players who choose from a collection of objects. The players make their choices alternately and Vi,j represents the value or amount that the ith player will gain if he selects the jth object. In relation to these values, the players may have various strategies or approaches to the game, and each of them constitutes a distinct theoretical problem. The paper formulates and solves three of these problems, each one having practical significance for example, for the draft of professional football players.
Analyzing Aggregated Semantics-enabled User Modeling on Google+ and Twitter for Personalized Link Recommendations

In this paper, we study if reusing Google+ profiles can provide reliable recommendations on Twitter to resolve the cold start problem. Next, we investigate the impact of giving different weights for aggregating user profiles from two OSNs and present that giving a higher weight to the targeted OSN profile for aggregation allows the best performance in the context of a personalized link recommender system. Finally, we propose a user modeling strategy which combines entity-and category-based user profiles using with a discounting strategy. Results show that our proposed strategy improves the quality of user modeling significantly compared to the baseline method.
Five Degrees of Happiness: Effective Smiley Face Likert Scales for Evaluating with Children

This paper focuses on achieving optimal responses through supporting children's judgements, using Smiley Face Likert scales as a rating scale for quantitative questions in evaluations. It highlights the need to provide appropriate methods for children to communicate judgements, highlighting that the traditional Smiley Face Likert scale does not provide an appropriate method. The paper outlines a range of studies, identifying that to achieve differentiated data and full use of rating scales by children that faces with positive emotions should be used within Smiley Face Likert scales. The proposed rating method, the Five Degrees of Happiness Smiley Face Likert scale, was used in a large-scale summative evaluation of a Serious Game resulting in variance within and between children, with all points of the scale used.
Learning Preferences Under Noise and Loss Aversion: An Optimization Approach

Preference learning has been a topic of research in many fields, including operations research, marketing, machine learning, and behavioral economics. In this work, we strive to combine the ideas from these different fields into a single methodology to learn preferences and make decisions. We use robust and integer optimization in an adaptive and dynamic way to determine preferences from data that are consistent with human behavior. We use integer optimization to address human inconsistency, robust optimization and conditional value at risk (CVaR) to address loss aversion, and adaptive conjoint analysis and linear optimization to frame the questions to learn preferences. The paper makes the following methodological contributions: to the robust optimization literature by proposing a method to derive uncertainty sets from adaptive questionnaires, to the marketing literature by using the analytic center of discrete sets (as opposed to polyhedra) to capture errors and inconsistencies, and to the risk modeling.
Biometric Recognition in Automated Border Control

The increasing demand for traveler clearance at international border crossing points (BCPs) has motivated research for finding more efficient solutions. Automated border control (ABC) is emerging as a solution to enhance the convenience of travelers, the throughput of BCPs, and national security. This is the first comprehensive survey on the biometric techniques and systems that enable automatic identity verification in ABC. We survey the biometric literature relevant to identity verification and summarize the best practices and biometric techniques applicable to ABC, relying on real experience collected in the field. Furthermore, we select some of the major biometric issues raised and highlight the open research areas.
Analysis and optimization of psychophysical procedures in audiology

The minimal standard deviations achievable for concurrent estimates of thresholds and psychometric function slopes as well as the optimal target values for adaptive procedures were calculated as functions of stimulus levels and track length on the basis of the binomial theory. Two approaches to adaptive procedures that converge at the optimal target values were introduced and tested with Monte–Carlo simulations. Both approaches utilize the fact that in some psychophysical tasks more than one statistically independent Bernoulli trial is performed per trial, as it is done, e.g., in sentence intelligibity tests that score each word separately. The first approach is a generalization of the adaptive procedure for sentence tests proposed by Hagerman and Kinnefors (1995). The second approach is a modification of the transformed up/down procedures proposed by Levitt (1971). The first approach yields higher efficiency. When the target discrimination value at which the adaptive procedure should converge is set to 50 %, a biasfree SRT estimate with a standard deviation only about 1.3 times higher than the theoretically optimally achievable value is reached using 20 trials. When the adaptive procedure converges at the target discrimination values 20 and 80 % in a randomized interleaved order, it achieves standard deviations in both SRT and slope estimates which are about 1.5 times higher than the optimal achievable values, with a small bias in slope estimates, using 30 trials. The adaptive procedures according to Hagerman and Kinnefors were evaluated
Influence of Media Type and Moisture on Adult Development and Pupal Mortality in Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae)

ABSTRACT The influence of media type and moisture on adult development and pupal mortality in western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera:Tephritidae), was assessed using the pupal-adult and the larval-pupal stage. Inside containers, a higher percent of flies that emerged from dry loam was deformed (44.2%, 1-cm-depth loam; 84.4%, 5-cm-depth loam) than flies from 16% moist loam and dry and 16% moist lab soil (peat moss-sand mix) (0–14.9%). Percent of flies deformed from dry sand (22.1%, 1-cm depth; 49.5%, 5-cm depth) was greater than from 16% moist sand and dry and 16% moist peat moss (0–10.5%). Percents of flies deformed from 8% moist loam, lab soil, sand, and peat moss (0–5.8%) did not differ. Pupae suffered higher mortality at 7 and 14 d after larvae were dropped onto dry loam and dry sand (68.2–94.0%) than dry lab soil and dry peat moss (3.0–53.0%); respective mortalities at 21 and 28 d were similar (81.3–96.0 versus 64.7–97.9%). Pupal mortality in moist media was lower (0.5–40.3%) than in dry media. In outdoor tests, pupal mortality was also higher in dry loam than other dry media. In nature, 60.9% of pupae in dry sandy loams in late summer were dead. Results suggest R. indifferens has not yet evolved to fully cope with dry soils and that pupation in media with traits similar to those of peat moss or a peat moss-sand mix could reduce negative effects of dry environments on fly survival.
The Use and Cost of Community Care Services by Elders with Unimpaired Cognitive Function, with Cognitive Impairment/No Dementia and with Dementia

ABSTRACT Data from the Manitoba Study of Health and Aging were used to compare the utilization and direct costs of formal community care services among the elderly diagnosed as persons with no cognitive impairment, with cognitive impairment/no dementia and with dementia. The results of the analyses indicate that, in addition to living arrangement and limitation on basic and instrumental activities of daily living, mental function diagnosis is an independent predictor of community care use. A diagnosis of dementia increases the likelihood of community care use over those with unimpaired mental functioning, whereas cognitive impairment without dementia does not. The three diagnostic groups differ in the type of services used. Standardization by age, sex and the other variables which significantly affect the need for community care can help a program improve its ability to project realistic cost estimates. RÉSUMÉ On a eu recours aux données d'une étude manitobaine sur la santé et le vieillissement (Manitoba Study of Health and Aging) pour comparer l'utilisation et le coût direct des soins communautaires structurés pour les aînés chez qui on a diagnostiqué une absence de déficience cognitive, une déficience cognitive sans démence ou une démence. Les résultats de l'analyse indiquent que, outre les conditions de logement et des incapacités dans les activités fondamentales et instrumentales de la vie quotidienne, un diagnostic de fonctionnement mental est un prédicteur indépendant de l'utilisation des soins communautaires. Une diagnostic de démence augmente la probabilité d'utilisation des soins communautaires chez les personnes qui en souffrent par rapport à celles qui en sont exemptes; par contre, la déficience cognitive sans démence ne l'augmente pas. Les trois types de diagnostic donnent lieu à une utilisation différente des soins. La standardisation par âge, sexe et toute autre variable affectant sensiblement la nécessité de recourir aux soins communautaires peut aider à la projection de coûts directs plus réalistes à l'égard d'un programme.
Vertical Stratification of Beetles (Coleoptera) and Flies (Diptera) in Temperate Forest Canopies

ABSTRACT Forest canopies support high arthropod biodiversity, but in temperate canopies, little is known about the spatial distribution of these arthropods. This is an important first step toward understanding ecological roles of insects in temperate canopies. The objective of this study was to assess differences in the species composition of two dominant and diverse taxa (Diptera and Coleoptera) along a vertical gradient in temperate deciduous forest canopies. Five sugar maple trees from each of three deciduous forest sites in southern Quebec were sampled using a combination of window and trunk traps placed in three vertical strata (understory, mid-canopy, and upper-canopy) for three sampling periods throughout the summer. Coleoptera species richness and abundance did not differ between canopy heights, but more specimens and species of Diptera were collected in the upper-canopy. Community composition of Coleoptera and Diptera varied significantly by trap height. Window traps collected more specimens and species of Coleoptera than trunk traps, although both trap types should be used to maximize representation of the entire Coleoptera community. There were no differences in abundance, diversity, or composition of Diptera collected between trap types. Our data confirm the relevance of sampling all strata in a forest when studying canopy arthropod biodiversity.
Like It or Not

Sentiment analysis in Twitter is a field that has recently attracted research interest. Twitter is one of the most popular microblog platforms on which users can publish their thoughts and opinions. Sentiment analysis in Twitter tackles the problem of analyzing the tweets in terms of the opinion they express. This survey provides an overview of the topic by investigating and briefly describing the algorithms that have been proposed for sentiment analysis in Twitter. The presented studies are categorized according to the approach they follow. In addition, we discuss fields related to sentiment analysis in Twitter including Twitter opinion retrieval, tracking sentiments over time, irony detection, emotion detection, and tweet sentiment quantification, tasks that have recently attracted increasing attention. Resources that have been used in the Twitter sentiment analysis literature are also briefly presented. The main contributions of this survey include the presentation of the proposed approaches for sentiment analysis in Twitter, their categorization according to the technique they use, and the discussion of recent research trends of the topic and its related fields.
Optimal Pricing of Correlated Product Options Under the Paired Combinatorial Logit Model

In this paper, we study price optimization with price-demand relationships captured by the paired combinatorial logit (PCL) model, which overcomes restrictions of the well-studied multinomial logit (MNL) and nested logit (NL) models. The PCL model allows for choice-correlation and, like the NL model, includes the MNL model as a special case. Compared to the NL models, the PCL model does not restrict the sequence of the choice structure and allows for different covariances among all pairs of choices. This additional flexibility in structure enables a more accurate representation of some choice settings and broadens its empirical applications. Hence, it is of both theoretical and practical interests to extend the normative studies on the MNL and NL models to the PCL model and examine the pricing problem under this model. Due to cross-nesting of choice alternatives, the pricing problem under the PCL model poses a greater challenge than the MNL and NL models. However, using the concept of P-matrix, we are abl.
Technical Note - A Sample Survey of Operations-Research Activities at the Corporate Level

This paper describes and discusses the results of a national survey covering the activities of the operations-research department at the corporate level. The major points considered are: 1 the organizational structure of the department and its position in the corporation, 2 the internal structure of the department, 3 budgets and savings, 4 use of services, and 5 a study of the activities in the past, present, and future.
Adolescent Substance Abuse in Mexico, Puerto Rico and the United States: Effect of Anonymous versus Confidential Survey Formats

SUMMARY Anonymous surveys have been widely used worldwide to describe adolescent substance use yet cannot elucidate causal drug abuse predictors. Studies in the U.S. have generally found that anonymous and confidential surveys yield comparable levels of self-reported substance use, yet the effect of survey format on youth self-report has not been evaluated in other countries. The present study compared data from the confidential International Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health with anonymously collected survey data on alcohol and marijuana use among school-based youth in Mexico, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. The findings suggest that confidential surveys yield valid self-reports of adolescent substance use.