Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of scavenging activities and distribution of paramagnetic species in Zanthoxylum limonella seeds

Abstract We investigated the scavenging activities of methanol-extracted oil and the distribution of paramagnetic species in Zanthoxylum limonella (ZL) seeds using noninvasive 9 GHz electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging and continuous wave EPR. EPR detected three different stable paramagnetic species that were assigned to stable organic radicals, Mn2+, and other paramagnetic metal complexes. Two-dimensional EPR imaging showed that the stable paramagnetic species were located in the pigmented seed region with a strong intensity. Gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometric (GC–MS) analyses were then performed to identify the compound possibly related to the scavenging activity. The DPPH scavenging activities of ZL were slightly higher than those of Piper nigrum and Coriandrum sativum. Based on the results of EPR, GC–MS, and other methods, limonene in ZL is one of the major compounds that can be related to the scavenging activities.
An Interprofessional Educational Approach to Teaching Spiritual Assessment

Spirituality is an essential aspect of a patient's health that can and should be integrated into routine health care. Despite recommendations of accrediting organizations such as the Association of American Medical Colleges, the National Association of Social Workers, and the Association of Professional Chaplains, there is little well defined curriculum focusing on interprofessional spiritual assessment. This article explores one program's use of an interprofessional approach in teaching spiritual assessment to students from medicine, social work, and chaplaincy. Learning objectives were adapted from the Association of American Medical Colleges Medical School Objectives Project. Workshop evaluations show that students can learn key concepts of spirituality and the basics of spiritual assessment while developing an understanding and respect for the role of chaplains, social workers, and physicians.
Fluconazole Nasal Spray in the Treatment of Allergic Fungal Sinusitis: A Pilot Study

The authors describe a prospective pilot study designed to investigate the use of topical nasal antifungal spray in addition to systemic steroids and itraconazole in the treatment of allergic fungal sinusitis. Sixteen patients with a history of allergic fungal sinusitis were given fluconazole nasal spray and followed for 3 months. Stabilization or improvement of disease without significant side effects was observed in 12 of the 16 patients who were treated with this protocol. These results indicate that topical fluconazole application may help patients with allergic fungal sinusitis; however, a larger multicenter study with longer patient follow-up is required to validate these initial findings.
Forgiveness and Alcohol Problems Among People Entering Substance Abuse Treatment

Abstract Forgiveness is argued to be highly relevant to problematic substance use, yet supportive empirical evidence is lacking. Findings are presented from a longitudinal study exploring the relationship between religiousness and spirituality (RS) variables and alcohol use disorders. We examined forgiveness of self (ForSelf), of others (ForOthers), and by God (ByGod), hypothesizing positive relationships with RS and negative relationships with alcohol use and consequences, at both baseline (N = 157) and six-month follow-up (N = 126). ForSelf scores were significantly lower than ForOthers and ByGod scores, and ForOthers scores increased modestly over time. ByGod was most consistently associated with other RS variables. ForSelf and ForOthers were associated with alcohol-related variables at both time points, and baseline ForSelf and ForOthers were associated with fewer drinking consequences at follow-up, but not after controlling for other pertinent variables. ForSelf may be most difficult to achieve and thus most important to recovery, thereby preventing full recovery and fostering relapses.
Chlamydia and Chlamydophilia in bovine reproduction

Infection with chlamydial bacteria, specifically Chlamydophila pecorum, C. abortus, and C. psittaci, is common in cattle. Infection can cause different diseases of which sub- and infertility are the most often observed clinical manifestations. While bulls are usually carriers of chlamydia bearing the risk of being vectors for an infection of females, either through natural mating or artificial insemination, heifers and cows can suffer a multitude of genital disorders. However, chlamydiosis in cattle is generally considered a (multi)factorial disease with factors being related to the environment, confinement or climate. This contribution will briefly describe chlamydial infection in cattle with specific focus on reproduction.
A wedge tunnel FET device for larger tunneling area and improved ON current

In an attempt to improve ON current and current ON/OFF ratio in tunnel field-effect Transistors (TFETs), a new wedge shaped structure for TFET named Wedge-TFET (WTFET) is proposed. This proposed device is a double gate structure, showing ~3 times higher ON current compared to planar double gate TFET device working at supply voltage of 0.6 to 1.0 V. This increase is mainly due to increase in the tunneling area. In addition to increased current, W-TFET also shows high current ON/OFF ratio of the order ~1012. The subthreshold swing values are slightly higher for W-TFET compared to our simulated DG-TFET, however, both of them fall in the range of 40 to 50 mV/dec. The W-TFET device with higher ON current and current ON/OFF ratio and with almost same area requirement can be a potential candidate for future low voltage applications.
[Contrast media in peripheral angiography: does cost reduction mean loss of quality and safety? A reevaluation based on a randomized double-blind comparative study of ioxaglate versus iopromide].

PURPOSE To evaluate whether meglumine-sodium-ioxaglate (Hexabrix) and iopromide (Ultravist) are identically appropriate for peripheral angiography. Outcome variables were pain, image quality and adverse events. METHODS Sixty patients were included in a randomised double-blind study. In all patients an intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (i.a. DSA) of iliac and peripheral arteries was performed. RESULTS Analysis of the study revealed no significant difference between both contrast media in terms of the main and additional outcome variables. In comparison to iopromide, ioxaglate caused milder pain sensations (VAS 4.70 vs. 7.76, p = 0.25). Mild adverse events were observed more frequently in ioxaglate angiography (11% vs. 0%, p = 0.1). CONCLUSION Both contrast media seem to be appropriate for peripheral angiography using DSA technique. Ioxaglate causes a cost reduction of about 20-35%. However, an increase of mild adverse reactions up to 11% to 15% has to be accepted.
The Role of Only in Contrasts In and Out of Context

Three self-paced reading experiments explored the processing of only and its interaction with context. In isolated sentences, the focus particle only predicts an upcoming contrast. Ambiguous replacive sentences (e.g., “The curator embarrassed the gallery owner in public, not the artist”) with only on the subject or object showed faster reading of the contrast phrase (“not the artist”) than without it. The position of only also influenced the phrase's meaning; despite a bias toward object contrasts, subject only increased subject interpretations. If preceding context provides another reason for the focus particle, it no longer predicts an upcoming contrast. In biasing contexts including indirect questions, there was no facilitation when only marked the argument that answered the question, whereas only on the other argument slowed processing. Both only and context influenced interpretation. The results show that focus particles and questions can each influence processing of an upcoming contrast on- and off-line.
Production of new cells in the rat dentate gyrus over the lifespan: relation to cognitive decline

The identification of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult mammals has sparked much interest in a functional role for these new neurons in hippocampal‐dependent cognition. The current investigation used a model of age‐related cognitive decline in rodents to study the relationship between changes in markers of neurogenesis and hippocampal function. New cell production in the granule cell layer was progressively reduced across the lifespan of male Long Evans rats, with a 40% reduction at middle age (13 months) and a reduction in excess of 80% in advanced age (25 months), compared with young mature adults (7 months). These effects of aging were not, however, predictive of cognitive status. In particular, the pronounced decrease in new cell production during aging did not distinguish among rats that varied over a wide range of cognitive abilities.
Crucial Role of Two Potential Cytosolic Regions of Nox2, 191TSSTKTIRRS200 and 484DESQANHFAVHHDEEKD500, on NADPH Oxidase Activation*

Assembly of cytosolic factors p67phox and p47phox with cytochrome b558 is one of the crucial keys for NADPH oxidase activation. Certain sequences of Nox2 appear to be involved in cytosolic factor interaction. The role of the D-loop 191TSSTKTIRRS200 and the C-terminal 484DESQANHFAVHHDEEKD500 of Nox2 on oxidase activity and assembly was investigated. Charged amino acids were mutated to neutral or reverse charge by directed mutagenesis to generate 21 mutants. Recombinant wild-type or mutant Nox2 were expressed in the X-CGD PLB-985 cell model. K195A/E, R198E, R199E, and RR198199QQ/AA mutations in the D-loop of Nox2 totally abolished oxidase activity. However, these D-loop mutants demonstrated normal p47phox translocation and iodonitrotetrazolium (INT) reductase activity, suggesting that charged amino acids of this region are essential for electron transfer from FAD to oxygen. Replacement of Nox2 D-loop with its homolog of Nox1, Nox3, or Nox4 was fully functional. In addition, fMLP (formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine)-activated R199Q-Nox2 and D-loopNox4-Nox2 mutants exhibited four to eight times the NADPH oxidase activity of control cells, suggesting that these mutations lead to a more efficient oxidase activation process. In contrast, the D484T and D500A/R/G mutants of the α-helical loop of Nox2 exhibited no NADPH oxidase and INT reductase activities associated with a defective p47phox membrane translocation. This suggests that the α-helical loop of the C-terminal of Nox2 is probably involved in the correct assembly of the NADPH oxidase complex occurring during activation, permitting cytosolic factor translocation and electron transfer from NADPH to FAD.
Physiologic characterization of the chronic bronchitis phenotype in GOLD grade IB COPD.

BACKGROUND Smokers with persistent cough and sputum production (chronic bronchitis [CB]) represent a distinct clinical phenotype, consistently linked to negative clinical outcomes. However, the mechanistic link between physiologic impairment, dyspnea, and exercise intolerance in CB has not been studied, particularly in those with mild airway obstruction. We, therefore, compared physiologic abnormalities during rest and exercise in CB to those in patients without symptoms of mucus hypersecretion (non-CB) but with similar mild airway obstruction. METHODS Twenty patients with CB (≥ 3 months cough/sputum in 2 successive years), 20 patients without CB but with GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) grade IB COPD, and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects underwent detailed physiologic testing, including tests of small airway function and a symptom-limited incremental cycle exercise test. RESULTS Patients with CB (mean ± SD postbronchodilator FEV1, 93% ± 12% predicted) had greater chronic activity-related dyspnea, poorer health-related quality of life, and reduced habitual physical activity compared with patients without CB and control subjects (all P < .05). The degree of peripheral airway dysfunction and pulmonary gas trapping was comparable in both patient groups. Peak oxygen uptake was similarly reduced in patients with CB and those without compared with control subjects (% predicted ± SD, 70 ± 26, 71 ± 29 and 106 ± 43, respectively), but those with CB had higher exertional dyspnea ratings and greater respiratory mechanical constraints at a standardized work rate than patients without CB (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with CB reported greater chronic dyspnea and activity restriction than patients without CB and with similar mild airway obstruction. The CB group had greater dynamic respiratory mechanical impairment and dyspnea during exercise than patients without CB, which may help explain some differences in important patient-centered outcomes between the groups.
Once-Daily Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-Infected Children: Safety and Efficacy of an Efavirenz-Containing Regimen

OBJECTIVE. To improve adherence and virologic suppression, we assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of a once-daily regimen of efavirenz with 3 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors as first-line or second-line highly active antiretroviral therapy in a cohort of HIV-1–infected children. METHODS. HIV-1–infected children naive to efavirenz were treated with a combination of efavirenz, abacavir, didanosine, and lamivudine in an observational, prospective, single-center study. Virologic failure-free survival was assessed with Kaplan-Meier analysis. The CD4+ T-cell increase was estimated by using a generalized linear model incorporating repeated measurements. RESULTS. Thirty-six children received the study medication for a median of 69 weeks. Virologic failure-free survival rates were 76% and 67% after 48 weeks and 96 weeks, respectively. No significant difference was found in efficacy between first-line and second-line highly active antiretroviral therapy. All children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy showed a sustained CD4+ T-cell increase, irrespective of virologic suppression. Growth rates improved with highly active antiretroviral therapy. Study medication administration was stopped for 14 children, mostly because of nonadherence (4 cases) or virologic rebound (5 cases) and because of adverse events (unrelated death and grade 2 liver toxicity) in 2 cases. Lipid abnormalities and abacavir-related hypersensitivity were not observed. CONCLUSIONS. For the first time, once-daily highly active antiretroviral therapy is demonstrated to be a safe, convenient, and potent antiretroviral regimen for HIV-1–infected children.
First year medical students' attitude toward anatomical corpse dissection and its relationship with their personality.

INTRODUCTION Anatomy is an important and intense mandatory course offered during the first year of medical school. Corpse dissection is very important in Anatomy teaching, and first year students will encounter, most likely for the first time, a dead human body during Anatomy labs. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anxiety experienced by medical students with no previous corpse dissection background just before, after a week, and then after a month of dissection labs, and to investigate the relationship between students' personality and their attitude towards dissection. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 138 first year English Section medical students from the "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, completed a personality inventory, an anxiety scale and a questionnaire to assess their attitudes and reactions to anatomical dissection. RESULTS The level of anxiety reported by students increased from before the first dissection encounter to after one month of dissection labs. CONCLUSIONS There is a relationship between the Five Factor model of personality and students' attitudes towards dissection. Medical students could be better prepared for their first corpse dissection experience if the preparation before dissection would take in consideration their psychological traits.
Breast Conservation Therapy after Augmentation Mammaplasty: Is It Appropriate?

&NA; Breast conservation therapy, consisting of lumpectomy, axillary node dissection, whole‐breast irradiation, and a boost to the tumor bed, is an increasingly popular option for the treatment of breast cancer. Among patients with stage I and stage II disease, breast conservation therapy yields survival rates equivalent to those for mastectomy. The cosmetic results of radiotherapy are usually good, and this approach preseryes an intact, sensate breast. Most studies on breast conservation therapy, however, have been performed in nonaugmented patients. Relatively little has been published regarding breast conservation therapy in the presence of silicone implants. Between 1981 and 1994, we treated 33 augmented patients with breast conservation therapy. Among 26 individuals for whom complete follow‐up data were available, 17 (65 percent) developed significant capsular contracture on the irradiated side. Thus far 8 patients with radiation‐induced contracture have undergone corrective surgery. In our experience, augmented breast cancer patients treated with breast conservation therapy have less satisfactory cosmetic results than nonaugmented women. In addition, mammographic follow‐up, critical for identifying local recurrence, may be impaired by the presence of an implant and capsular contracture. On the basis of these considerations, breast conservation therapy may be less than optimal in augmented cancer patients unless explantation is performed before treatment.
Immunohistochemical Detection of Protein Gene Product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) in Canine Epitheliotropic T-Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides)

Protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), a ubiquitin COOH-terminal hydrolase initially considered specific for neural and neuroendocrine tissues, is expressed in a variety of epithelial and mesenchymal tumors. During immunohistochemical evaluation of a cutaneous epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides [MF]) in a dog, strong reactivity for PGP 9.5 was observed. This unexpected result prompted us to examine PGP 9.5 immunoreactivity in 13 additional cases of canine mycosis fungoides. All tumors were confirmed as T-cell epitheliotropic lymphoma by histopathology and immunohistochemistry for CD3. Eight of 14 cases were positive for PGP 9.5, with reactivity mainly in the cytoplasm and less commonly in the nucleus. One case had strong reactivity in the cell membrane, sometimes with concurrent paranuclear staining. Immunoreactivity did not correlate with location (epidermal, dermal, and adnexal) of tumor cells. Disease outcome did not vary between PGP 9.5-positive and negative tumors. Although PGP 9.5 immunoreactivity in MF did not predict tumor behavior in these dogs, it has had prognostic value in certain human carcinomas. This unexpected staining of lymphocytes in mycosis fungoides with an antibody to PGP 9.5 demonstrates its presence in nonneuroendocrine tumors and precludes its use as the sole diagnostic marker in discrete cell tumors in the skin.
Ballot Photographs as Cues in Low-Information Elections

In low-information elections, voters are often faced with the task of choosing from a list of unknown candidates. By examining a set of low-information elections where candidate photographs were displayed on the ballot, we test how first impressions of candidates can influence election outcomes. We find that attractive candidates are more likely to be attributed the qualities associated with successful politicians and these trait inferences, based on facial appearances, influence the outcomes of elections. We also find that these trait inferences are based on physical characteristics of the candidates, such as age, race and ethnicity, evident from a photograph. Therefore, first impressions can be important determinants of election outcomes, especially in low-information elections.
How Prevalent Are Autistic Traits Among Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder? A Qualitative Review of the Literature

Abstract Background: Twin, family, and linkage studies have indicated that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) share a portion of their heritable etiology. This suggests that individuals with ADHD may manifest different forms of ASDs that may range from fully developed syndromic forms of the disorder to milder manifestations of ASD symptomatology, which will henceforth be referred to as autistic traits. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to conduct a literature search to examine the current body of knowledge regarding the prevalence of autistic traits (operationalized as the presence of autistic symptoms in the absence of a diagnosis of ASD) among children with ADHD and the associated morbidity of such traits. Method: A systematic literature search in PubMed was conducted to discover all controlled studies published in the English language that systematically assessed the presence of autistic traits in children with ADHD who did not meet the criteria for ASDs. Three articles met our inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in this qualitative review. Results: Only three scientific papers that met our a priori inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified. These articles described findings obtained from clinical samples and identified a prevalence of autistic traits among children with ADHD that ranged from 7% to 60%. As compared with children with ADHD without these traits, the presence of autistic traits in children with ADHD was associated with more severe dysfunction in a wide range of non-overlapping domains and in the social and communication domains in particular. Conclusions: Although this study was limited by the small amount of available literature about this subject, these findings suggest that a sizeable subset of children with ADHD manifest autistic traits and that the presence of these traits is associated with increased dysfunction and social and communication deficits.
Evaluation of articulation of Turkish phonemes after removable partial denture application.

In this study, the adaptation of patients to removable partial dentures was evaluated related to articulation of Turkish phonemes. Articulation of /t,d.n,l,r/, /g,k/, /b,p,m/ and /s,z,ş,v,f,y,j,h,c/ phonemes were evaluated by three speech pathologists, on records taken from 15 patients before the insertion of a removable partial denture, just after insertion, and one week later. The test consisted of evaluation of phoneme articulation of independent syllables in terms of distortion, omission, substitution, mass effect, hypernasality and hyponasality. Data were evaluated with Cochrane Q. McNemar and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The results showed that for some phonemes, problems in articulation occurred after the insertion of a removable partial denture while for others a significant amelioration was observed after the insertion of a removable partial denture. In general, problems in articulation of evaluated phonemes were resolved after one week of use.