Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experience with use of Zostavax® in patients with hematologic malignancy and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients

A phase II non‐randomized single arm trial of oral panobinostat (LBH589) was conducted in patients with low or intermediate‐1 risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The objective of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerability of panobinostat in this patient population. The study would stop early if there was a chance >99% that the average overall response rate was <15%. Thirteen patients were treated: Median age was 70 years (range 47–84), 70% were transfusion dependent, 70% had intermediate‐1 risk MDS. Most patients were diploid but one patient with del(5q), one with trisomy 8, one with complex cytogenetics, and two with deletion of 20q were included. Approximately 40% had previous therapy for MDS. Of the 13 patients, 1 (8%) achieved hematological improvement (HI‐E and HI‐P, duration 3 months) and 6 (46%) had stable disease for a median duration of 6 months (range 1.7–13.6). Treatment was withheld in one patient because of QTc prolongation but no other serious adverse effects were otherwise observed. Panobinostat did not consistently induce histone acetylation as measured with Western blot. This data indicates that panobinostat at the dose and schedule studied here has limited activity in lower risk MDS. Am. J. Hematol. , 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Locally advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: single-institution outcomes in a cohort of patients curatively treated either with or without larynx preservation*

Objective The present study was aimed at describing a single-institution experience in the curative treatment of patients diagnosed with locally advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods Data concerning all patients treated for locally advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma between January 2006 and June 2012 were reviewed. Results A total of 144 patients were included in the present study. The median follow-up period was 36.6 months. Median survival was 26 months, and 2-year and 5-year overall survival rates were, 51% and 30.5%, respectively. Median recurrence-free survival was 18 months and 2-year and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 42.8% and 28.5%, respectively. Conclusion The outcomes in the present series are in line with the literature.
Language and Brain: What is Up? What is Coming Up?

The classical aphasiological model of brain/language relationships is nowadays complemented by independent results from functional neuroimaging studies using techniques such as Positron Emission Tomography, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or Event-Related Electro-Encephalography and Magneto-Encephalography mapping. Although brain mapping of language is still hampered by many methodological pitfalls, these methods now appear reliable and provide a renewed description of the temporal spatial dynamics of neural ensembles subserving language functions. Moreover, neuroimaging techniques should also shed a new light on remaining difficult issues such as neural and functional plasticity in developmental or post-lesional contexts.
Urinary biomarkers of renal transplant outcome

Purpose of reviewRenal allograft loss remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The objective of this review was to provide a rationale for noninvasive monitoring to identify patients at high risk for graft loss; discuss key steps in prognostic biomarker development from bench-to-bedside; and review promising biomarkers for late renal allograft outcomes. Recent findingsIn a multicentre prospective cohort, early 6-month urinary CCL2 was demonstrated to be associated with the development of 24-month interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy and inflammation (IFTA+i). These findings were extended to a single centre cohort, which showed that 6-month urinary CCL2 was a predictor of death-censored graft loss independent of donor-specific antibody and delayed graft function. In a large, multicentre prospective observational study (CTOT-01), 6-month urinary CXCL9 was significantly associated with more than 30% decline of graft function at 24 months. SummaryUrinary chemokines may identify recipients who are at high risk of graft loss. The early detection of high-risk recipients may allow for more intensive posttransplant surveillance; avoidance of drug minimization/withdrawal protocols; and the identification of patients who may benefit from enrolment in novel interventional trials. Prospective trials are needed to demonstrate that urinary chemokine-guided posttransplant surveillance strategies improve long-term graft outcomes.
Which Way Out ? The Manner and Consequences of Losing Office ∗

Most of the burgeoning theoretical and empirical literature on the role of leaders in comparative politics and international relations is built on the assumption that leaders choose policies to stay in office. However, leaders can lose office in a variety of ways. Leaders can lose office as a result of ill health; they can lose office in a regular manner; or they can be removed in an irregular manner, such as a coup. How a leader loses office, moreover, significantly affects the leader’s subsequent fate. A broader perspective on not just the probability but also the manner of losing office—and its associated consequences—thus suggests an additional mechanism to explain the behavior of leaders. If policy significantly affects not just whether, but also how leaders lose office, leaders might design policy to minimize the anticipated negative consequences of losing office. Once we unpack the manner in which leaders lose office, for example, we see that the postulated logic of diversionary war only holds for a sub-group of leaders: those who fear an irregular removal from office. ∗An earlier version of this paper was presented at the PIPES workshop at the University of Chicago, May 4, 2006. I thank Carol Atkinson, David Carter, Michael Colaresi, Burak Kadercan, Mark Kayser, Arndt Plagge, Duncan Snidal, Martin Steinwand and especially Giacomo Chiozza, Nikolay Marinov and Bruce Russett. Mistakes, omissions, and other assorted infelicities are my own responsibility.
Translumbar amputation

A 30‐year‐old patient, paraplegic since birth, underwent successful translumbar amputation for extensive squamous cell carcinoma of the perineum. Fecal and urinary diversion were performed prior to the translumbar resection and permitted a safer major procedure after excluding metastasis from the primary lesion. Rehabilitation was begun shortly after surgery and has permitted education, development of a trade, ambulation with acceptable prostheses and the acceptance back into society of one who had been crippled by a large fungating malodorous carcinoma.
Hip Fracture in People with Erectile Dysfunction: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

The aims of this study were to investigate the risk of hip fracture and contributing factors in patients with erectile dysfunction(ED). This population-based study was performed using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The analysis included4636 patients aged ≥ 40 years who had been diagnosed with ED (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 302.72, 607.84) during 1996–2010. The control group included 18,544 randomly selected age-matched patients without ED (1:4 ratio). The association between ED and hip fracture risk was estimated using a Cox proportional hazard regression model. During the follow-up period, 59 (1.27%) patients in the ED group and 140 (0.75%) patients in the non-ED group developed hip fracture. After adjusting for covariates, the overall incidence of hip fracture was 3.74-times higher in the ED group than in the non-ED group (2.03 vs. 0.50 per 1000 person-years, respectively). The difference in the overall incidence of hip fracture was largest during the 3-year follow-up period (hazard ratio = 7.85; 95% confidence interval = 2.94–20.96; P <0.0001). To the best of our knowledge, this nationwide population-based study is the first to investigate the relationship between ED and subsequent hip fracture in an Asian population. The results showed that ED patients had a higher risk of developing hip fracture. Patients with ED, particularly those aged 40–59 years, should undergo bone mineral density examinations as early as possible and should take measures to reduce the risk of falls.
Increased Escherichia coli-Induced Interleukin-23 Production by CD16+ Monocytes Correlates with Systemic Immune Activation in Untreated HIV-1-Infected Individuals

ABSTRACT The level of microbial translocation from the intestine is increased in HIV-1 infection. Proinflammatory cytokine production by peripheral antigen-presenting cells in response to translocated microbes or microbial products may contribute to systemic immune activation, a hallmark of HIV-1 infection. We investigated the cytokine responses of peripheral blood myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and monocytes to in vitro stimulation with commensal enteric Escherichia coli in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from untreated HIV-1-infected subjects and from uninfected controls. Levels of interleukin 23 (IL-23) produced by PBMC from HIV-1-infected subjects in response to E. coli stimulation were significantly higher than those produced by PBMC from uninfected subjects. IL-23 was produced primarily by CD16+ monocytes. This subset of monocytes was increased in frequency and expressed higher levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in HIV-1-infected individuals than in controls. Blocking TLR4 on total CD14+ monocytes reduced IL-23 production in response to E. coli stimulation. Levels of soluble CD27, an indicator of systemic immune activation, were elevated in HIV-1-infected subjects and were associated with the percentage of CD16+ monocytes and the induction of IL-23 by E. coli, providing a link between these parameters and systemic inflammation. Taken together, these results suggest that IL-23 produced by CD16+ monocytes in response to microbial stimulation may contribute to systemic immune activation in HIV-1-infected individuals.
Isolation and characterization of lysozyme-sensitive mutants of Staphylococcus aureus

Four lysozyme-sensitive mutants were isolated after nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of a lysozyme-insensitive strain of Staphylococcus aureus. One mutant was sufficiently effective for the isolation of macromolecules, such as plasmid deoxyribonucleic acids, from a cell after lysozyme-induced cell lysis.
Slip Effects on Fractional Viscoelastic Fluids

Unsteady flow of an incompressible Maxwell fluid with fractional derivative induced by a sudden moved plate has been studied, where the no-slip assumption between the wall and the fluid is no longer valid. The solutions obtained for the velocity field and shear stress, written in terms of Wright generalized hypergeometric functions 𝑝Ψ𝑞, by using discrete Laplace transform of the sequential fractional derivatives, satisfy all imposed initial and boundary conditions. The no-slip contributions, that appeared in the general solutions, as expected, tend to zero when slip parameter is 𝜃→0. Furthermore, the solutions for ordinary Maxwell and Newtonian fluids, performing the same motion, are obtained as special cases of general solutions. The solutions for fractional and ordinary Maxwell fluid for no-slip condition also obtained as limiting cases, and they are equivalent to the previously known results. Finally, the influence of the material, slip, and the fractional parameters on the fluid motion as well as a comparison among fractional Maxwell, ordinary Maxwell, and Newtonian fluids is also discussed by graphical illustrations.
Analysing four types of IT sourcing decisions in the context of scale, client/supplier interdependency and risk mitigation

The main thrust of the article is to distinguish between four types of IT sourcing decision: total outsourcing; multiple‐supplier sourcing; joint venture/strategic alliance sourcing; and insourcing. To illustrate each type, detailed case histories are used that analyse the reasons why specific IT sourcing decisions were adopted. Here, we consider total outsourcing at the London Stock Exchange; multiple‐supplier sourcing at ICI plc; joint venture project sourcing at CRESTCo Ltd; and insourcing at the Royal Bank of Scotland. The trend towards outsourcing is increasing in all industrial and commercial sectors. However, client organizations need to become more aware of some of the pitfalls, particularly in respect of large‐scale outsourcing deals to single or multiple suppliers. This is because the move to IT outsourcing engenders the need to develop new capabilities and skills to manage complex commercial contracts. We therefore conclude that, while many IT outsourcing contracts followed rationalization, cost‐cutting and disappointing results from in‐house IT provision, short‐termism and current uncertainties over market, business and political conditions pose problems for many organizations in deciding future outsourcing arrangements.
Anti-aging efficacy of topical formulations containing niosomes entrapped with rice bran bioactive compounds

Context: Rice [Oryza sativa L. (Gramineae)] bran is a rich source of phytochemicals. Its oil also contains several bioactive components that exhibit antioxidative properties such as ferulic acid (F), γ-oryzanol (O), and phytic acid (P) which can be a new source of cosmetic raw materials. Objective: To evaluate the anti-aging effects of the gel and cream containing niosomes entrapped with the rice bran bioactive compounds. Materials and methods: The semi-purified rice bran extracts containing F, O, and P which indicated the growth stimulation of human fibroblasts and the inhibition of MMP-2 by sulforhodamine B and gelatin zymography, respectively, were entrapped in niosomes by supercritical carbon dioxide fluid (scCO2) and incorporated in gel and cream formulations. The skin hydration, elasticity, thickness and roughness, and pigmentation in human volunteers after treated with these gel and creams were investigated by corneometer, cutometer, visiometer, and mexameter, respectively. Results: Gel and cream containing the semi-purified rice bran extracts entrapped in niosomes gave no sign of erythema and edema detected within 72 h on the shaved rabbit skin by the closed patch test investigated by mexameter and visual observation, respectively. These formulations also demonstrated higher hydration enhancement and improvement of skin lightening, thickness, roughness, and elasticity on the skin of 30 human volunteers within the 28–day treatment not more than 9, 27, 7, 3, and 3 times, respectively. Discussion and conclusions: The formulations containing niosomes entrapped with the rice bran bioactive compounds gave superior clinical anti-aging activity which can be applied as a novel skin product.
Communicator Image and Myers—Briggs Type Indicator Extraversion—Introversion

Abstract This study is an examination of the relationship between communicator image and Myers—Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) dimensions of extraversion—introversion. The authors found that individuals who prefer extraversion tend to have a more positive communicator image than those who prefer introversion. The results of this study support other research results showing that personality preferences differ in communication behaviors and traits, which could have implications for the individual's comfort and success in society. Results of this research also support the contention that communication behavior has biological aspects.
EVIDENCE FOR A MASSIVE, EXTENDED CIRCUMGALACTIC MEDIUM AROUND THE ANDROMEDA GALAXY

We demonstrate the presence of an extended and massive circumgalactic medium (CGM) around Messier 31 using archival HST Cosmic Origins Spectrograph ultraviolet spectroscopy of 18 QSOs projected within two virial radii of M31 ( R vir = 300 ? > kpc). We detect absorption from Si iii at − 300 ≲ v LSR ≲ − 150 ? > km s−1 toward all three sightlines at R ≲ 0.2 R vir ? > , 3 of 4 sightlines at 0.8 ≲ R / R vir ≲ 1.1 ? > , and possibly 1 of 11 at 1.1 < R / R vir ≲ 1.8 ? > . We present several arguments that the gas at these velocities observed in these directions originates from the M31 CGM rather than the Local Group or Milky Way CGM or Magellanic Stream. We show that the dwarf galaxies located in the CGM of M31 have very similar velocities over similar projected distances from M31. We find a non-trivial relationship only at these velocities between the column densities (N) of all the ions and R, whereby N decreases with increasing R. At R < 0.8 R vir ? > , the covering fraction is close to unity for Si iii and C iv ( f c ∼ 60 % ? > –97% at the 90% confidence level), but drops to f c ≲ 10 % ? > –20% at R ≳ R vir ? > . We show that the M31 CGM gas is bound, multiphase, predominantly ionized, and is more highly ionized gas at larger R. We estimate using Si ii, Si iii, and Si iv, a CGM metal mass of ≳ 2 × 10 6 ? > M ☉ ? > and gas mass of ≳ 3 × 10 9 ( Z ☉ / Z ) ? > M ☉ ? > within 0.2 R vir ? > , and possibly a factor of ∼10 larger within R vir ? > , implying substantial metal and gas masses in the CGM of M31.
Pediatric diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma demonstrates a high proliferation index, frequent c‐Myc protein expression, and a high incidence of germinal center subtype: Report of the French–American–British (FAB) international study group

Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) makes up 10–20% of pediatric non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, and these patients have a significantly better prognosis than adults with DLBCL. The difference in prognosis may be related to clinical, phenotypic, and/or biological differences between adult and pediatric DLBCL. In adult DLBCL, the germinal center (GC) phenotype is associated with a better prognosis than the activated B‐cell (ABC) phenotype. However, a high proliferative index and expression of Bcl2 and c‐Myc protein have all been associated with worse outcomes. While multiple studies have addressed the phenotype and expression patterns of adult DLBCL, relatively little is known about these biological variables in pediatric DLBCL. The goal of this study was to investigate the proliferative index, the relative frequencies of the GC and non‐GC subtypes, and the expression of Bcl2 and c‐Myc protein in a cohort of children with DLBCL treated in a uniform manner.
Towards a Theory of Explanation and Prediction for the Formation of Trust in IT Artifacts

In this paper we argue that the predominant trust conceptualization in IS has a major weakness when researching trust in IT artifacts and that a theory of explanation and prediction for the formation of trust in IT artifacts is necessary to face the upcoming challenges. Thus, we motivate a trust conceptualization from the HCI discipline, and develop a formative measurement model for trust in IT artifacts to achieve deeper insights on the formation of trust. The results of our pre-study with 102 undergraduate students suggest that the new conceptualization is valueable for creating the desired insights on the formation of trust in IT artifacts. In an upcoming field experiment with about 250 users we expect to gain more detailed and reliable insights in the formation of trust in IT artifacts allowing us to derive a first theory of explanation and prediction for the formation of trust in IT artifacts.
Rules, Rule-Following, and Cooperation

Rules are thought to persist to the extent that the direct benefits of having them (e.g. reduced transactions costs) exceed the costs of enforcement and of occasional misapplications. We argue that a second crucial role of rules is as screening mechanisms for identifying cooperative types. Thus we underestimate the social value of rules when we consider only their instrumental value in solving a particular problem. We demonstrate experimentally that costly rule-following can be used to screen for conditional cooperators. Subjects participate in a rule-following task in which they may incur costs to follow an arbitrary written rule in an individual choice setting. Without their knowledge, we sort them into groups according to their willingness to follow the rule. These groups then play repeated public goods or trust games. Rule-following groups sustain high public goods contributions over time, but in rule-breaking groups cooperation decays. Rulefollowers also reciprocate more in trust games. However, when individuals are not sorted by type, we observe no differences in the behavior of rule-followers and rule-breakers.
Cyclic AMP mediates the cell cycle dynamics of energy metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

We have investigated the role of 3′,5′‐cyclic‐adenosine‐monophosphate (cAMP) in mediating the coupling between energy metabolism and cell cycle progression in both synchronous cultures and oscillating continuous cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. For the first time, a peak in intracellular cAMP was shown to precede the observed breakdown of trehalose and glycogen during cell cycle‐related oscillations. Measurements in synchronous cultures demonstrated that this peak can be associated with the cell cycle dynamics of cAMP under conditions of glucose‐limited growth, which was found to differ significantly from that observed in synchronous glucose‐repressed cultures. Our results support the notion that cAMP plays a major role in mediating the integration of energy metabolism and cell cycle progression, both in the single cell and during cell cycle‐related oscillations in continuous culture, respectively. Evidence is presented that the dynamic behaviour of intracellular cAMP during the cell cycle is modulated depending on nutrient supply. The implications of these findings regarding the role of cAMP in regulating cell cycle progression and energy metabolism are discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contrasting Nutritional Acclimation of Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and Red Maple (Acer rubrum L.) to Increasing Conifers and Soil Acidity as Demonstrated by Foliar Nutrient Balances

Sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marshall, SM) is believed to be more sensitive to acidic and nutrient-poor soils associated with conifer-dominated stands than red maple (Acer rubrum L., RM). Greater foliar nutrient use efficiency (FNUE) of RM is likely the cause for this difference. In the context of climate change, this greater FNUE could be key in favouring northward migration of RM over SM. We used the concept of foliar nutrient balances to study the nutrition of SM and RM seedlings along an increasing gradient in forest floor acidity conditioned by increasing proportions of conifers (pH values ranging from 4.39 under hardwoods, to 4.29 under mixed hardwood-conifer stands and 4.05 under conifer-dominated stands). Nutrients were subjected to isometric log-ratio (ilr) transformation, which views the leaf as one closed system and considers interactions between nutrients. The ilr method eliminates numerical biases and weak statistical inferences based on raw or “operationally’’ log-transformed data. We analyzed foliar nutrients of SM and RM seedlings and found that the [Ca,Mg,K|P,N] and [Ca,Mg|K] balances of SM seedlings were significantly different among soil acidity levels, whereas they did not vary for RM seedlings. For SM seedlings, these differences among soil acidity levels were due to a significant decrease in foliar Ca and Mg concentrations with increasing forest floor acidity. Similar differences in foliar balances were also found between healthy and declining SM stands estimated from literature values. Conversely, foliar balances of RM seedlings did not differ among soil acidity levels, even though untransformed foliar nutrient concentrations were significantly different. This result highlights the importance of using ilr transformation, since it provides more sensitive results than standard testing of untransformed nutrient concentrations. The lower nutrient requirements of RM and its greater capacity to maintain nutrient equilibrium are factors that could explain its competitive success and recent northward expansion. This study underscores the importance of using nutrient balances to study the redistribution of plant species in natural ecosystems under climate change.