Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is Liquidity Priced in the Vietnamese Stock Market?

In this paper, we examine whether liquidity is priced in the Vietnamese stock market. We show that stock liquidity is an important factor which should be taken into consideration in pricing stock returns. Explaining power of asset pricing models is improved after the inclusion of liquidity factor. In addition, Fama and French’s (1993) three factors are significant in the Vietnamese stock market, while Carhart’s (1997) momentum factor has very little effect. We also document that among various competing asset pricing models, the liquidity four-factor model which include market excess return, size, value and liquidity factor is the best model in the Vietnamese stock market. The results are robust to different measures of liquidity, as well as to both up and down-market conditions.
Nestling development and the timing of tick attachments

SUMMARY Parasites exposed to fast-developing hosts experience a variety of conditions over a short time period. Only few studies in vertebrate-ectoparasite systems have integrated the timing of ectoparasite infestations in the host's development into the search for factors explaining ectoparasite burden. In this study we examined the temporal pattern of attachment in a nidicolous tick (Ixodes arboricola) throughout the development of a songbird (Parus major). In the first experiment, we exposed bird clutches at hatching to a mix of the 3 tick instars (larvae, nymphs and adults), and monitored the ticks that attached in relation to the average broods' age. In a complementary experiment we focused on the attachment in adult female ticks – the largest and most significant instar for the species' reproduction – after releasing them at different moments in the nestlings’ development. Our observations revealed a positive association between the size of the attached instar and the broods' age. Particularly, adult females were less likely to be found attached to recently hatched nestlings, which contrasts with the smaller-sized larvae and nymphs. These differences suggest either an infestation strategy that is adapted to host physiology and development, or a result of selection by the hosts' anti-tick resistance mechanisms. We discuss the implications of our results in terms of tick life-history strategies.
Female Athletes With Varying Levels of Vertical Stiffness Display Kinematic and Kinetic Differences During Single-Leg Hopping.

Vertical stiffness may contribute to lower-extremity injury risk; however, it is unknown whether athletes with different stiffness levels display differences in biomechanics. This study compared differences in biomechanics between female athletes (n = 99) with varying stiffness levels during a repetitive, single-leg, vertical hopping task. Vertical stiffness was calculated as the ratio of peak vertical ground-reaction force to maximum center-of-mass displacement. Tertiles were established using stiffness values, and separate 1-way ANOVAs were used to evaluate between-group differences. Stance times decreased, and flight times, ground-reaction force, and stiffness increased, from the low- to high-stiffness group (P < .050). The high-stiffness group displayed: (1) greater lateral trunk flexion (P = .009) and lesser hip adduction (P = .022) at initial ground contact compared to the low- and moderate-stiffness groups, respectively; (2) lesser peak hip adduction compared to the low-stiffness group (P = .040); (3) lesser lateral trunk-flexion (P = .046) and knee-flexion (P = .010) excursion compared to the moderate- and low-stiffness groups, respectively; and (4) greater peak hip-flexion (P = .001), ankle-dorsiflexion (P = .002), and ankle-eversion (P = .038) moments compared to the low-stiffness group. A wide range of variability in stiffness exists within a relatively homogenous population. Athletes with varying stiffness levels display biomechanical differences that may help identify the potential mechanism(s) by which stiffness contributes to injury risk.
Destination Attributes to Measure Tourist Revisit Intention: A Scale Development

Tourists revisit intention (TRIs) is an important factor in achieving success in a highly competitive tourism marketplace. To support tourism marketers, this study developed a scale that measures the destination attributes associated with TRIs. Following a rigorous scale development procedure, the study found a 10-dimensional construct that affects TRIs. The data support internal consistency as well as validity (i.e., content, construct, convergent and discriminant) of the scale and the dimensional structure of destination attributes affecting TRIs. The theoretical and managerial implications of the study’s result are discussed. This study also enables destination managers to have practical information about the tourists and to increase TRIs by providing better services. To recognize and to understand the destination attributes that strongly affect TRIs and resulted in positive word of mouth, the article begins with reviewing existing literature on memory, experience and TRIs.
School Quality and Rural In‐Migration: Can Better Rural Schools Attract New Residents?

Studies in the nonmetropolitan population change literature have largely focused on the role of natural amenities and economic restructuring, but few have focused on the role of public services. This paper addresses the question of whether public services in nonmetropolitan counties, specifically the outcomes of public schools, could attract migrants. We use a Poisson regression technique little‐used in the migration literature to control for push and pull factors driving migration patterns and control for school quality. Results show that better schools can draw migrants to nonmetropolitan areas. Marginal effects are larger for nonmetropolitan counties not adjacent to metropolitan areas.
Meiosis-Activating Sterol Synthesis in Rat Preovulatory Follicle: Is It Involved in Resumption of Meiosis?1

Abstract Meiosis-activating sterol (MAS) was shown to overcome the inhibitory effect of hypoxanthine on spontaneous maturation of mouse oocytes and was suggested to mediate the stimulation of meiosis by gonadotropins. Follicular fluid (FF)-MAS is synthesized by cytochrome P450 lanosterol 14α-demethylase (LDM). Follicular LDM was preferentially localized in oocytes by immunohistochemistry. Using [3H]acetate or R-[5-3H]mevalonate as precursors as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic and thin-layer chromatographic separation, we have measured the concentrations of de novo-synthesized lanosterol, FF-MAS, and cholesterol in rat graafian follicles, cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), and denuded oocytes (DOs) treated with LH, AY-9944 (an inhibitor of Δ14-reductase, which was anticipated to increase FF-MAS levels by inhibiting its metabolism), or both after 8 h of culture. In follicles, both LH and AY-9944 increased the accumulation of FF-MAS as compared to controls. In COCs, AY-9944 caused a marked increase in FF-MAS, but we were unable to detect accumulation of FF-MAS in DOs. Neither the endogenous increases in FF-MAS accumulation nor the addition of FF-MAS to the culture medium could overcome the inhibition on resumption of meiosis by phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Compared to LH-induced resumption of meiosis in follicles, that induced by AY-9944 was much delayed. These results call into question any role of FF-MAS as an obligatory mediator of LH activity on germinal vesicle breakdown. The discrepancy between the positive staining for LDM in oocytes and our inability to detect de novo synthesized FF-MAS in DOs may relate to the sensitivity of the methodology employed and either the number of oocytes used or a deficiency in LDM synthetic activity in such oocytes. Further studies are required to confirm any of these alternatives.
Richer or More Numerous or Both? The Role of Population and Economic Growth for Top Income Shares

When measuring income inequality over long periods of time, accounting for population and productivity growth is important. This paper presents three alternative measures of top income shares that more explicitly account for population and income growth than the standard measure. We apply these measures to long-term income data from the United States and find that the U-shaped inequality trend over the past century holds up, but with important qualifications. Using measures that allow top groups to change not only in relative income but also in group size suggest more accentuated top income share growth since 1980 than when keeping top groups fixed. For earlier historical periods, our analysis shows that choice of income deflator (CPI or GDP) matters greatly. Using distributional national accounts data does not change these results. Altogether, our study's findings suggest that one may want to use several complementary top share measures when assessing long-term income inequality trends.
Addressing Early Childhood Development in Primary Health Care: Experience from a Middle-Income Country

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a national training program in Turkey in improving primary health providers' knowledge and perceived competence about the promotion of early childhood development and prevention, early identification and management of developmental problems; and barriers to implementation and sustainability of skills gained. Methods: A pre-post intervention design was used. Tools measuring perceived competence and knowledge about childhood development were administered to primary health providers before and after training. Immediate skills were observed, and implementation and sustainability of skills were determined using individual surveys and focus group discussions 1 year after training. Results: The training was provided in 5 provinces. Of the 148 primary health providers trained, 90% had >5 years experience in providing primary care. Median knowledge test scores were 13 pretraining and increased to 22 posttraining (p < 0.001). Median perceived competence scores increased from 159 to 222 (p < 0.001). A year after the training, the program and materials were reported to be valued and remembered but used limitedly. Patient load, insufficient time allocated to primary care, lack of reimbursement, and ineffective referrals to pediatricians who had knowledge gaps regarding child development were identified as important barriers to implementation and sustainability of skills gained. Conclusions: In Turkey and potentially other countries with similar health systems, short-term inservice training on child development can improve primary health providers' knowledge, perceived competence and skills related to child development. To decrease the disparities between high- and low- and middle-income countries in addressing child development, significant barriers within health systems need to be identified and addressed.
Proarrhythmic effects of atrial fibrillation ablation techniques.

BACKGROUND The incidence of proarrhythmia induced by ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) is not entirely known. We describe the incidence and management of atrial arrhythmias occurring after various techniques for the ablative therapy of AF. METHODS Ninety-four patients with paroxysmal AF underwent ostial pulmonary vein (PV) ablation (n=54) or circumferential ablation around the PV ostia (n=40). RESULTS Atrial tachycardia or flutter was detected during the first 6 months after AF ablation in 10 patients. Atrial arrhythmia was more common among patients who underwent circumferential ablation or circumferential with lines (18.2% and 22.2%, respectively) than in those who were treated with other techniques (p = 0.037). The incidence of atrial tachycardia or flutter among patients who underwent ostial ablation or ostial with lines was 2.4% and 8.3%, respectively. No difference was observed in the risk of atrial arrhythmia between patients who underwent ablation with or without additional lines, either ostial (p = 0.398) or circumferential (p = 0.999). Re-ablation was performed in 7 patients with sustained atrial arrhythmia. At 6 months, no recurrence of atrial tachycardia or flutter was.seen in 6 of these patients, nor in 3 patients with non-sustained atrial tachycardia or flutter. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of atrial tachycardia or flutter following AF ablation is lower for ostial than for circumferential ablation. The addition of lines along the mitral isthmus and between the superior PVs does not significantly affect the risk of ablation-induced arrhythmia. Non-sustained atrial tachycardia or flutter during or early after AF ablation procedures does not require additional ablation.
The effect of age and teat order on alpha1-acid glycoprotein, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, cortisol, and average daily gain in commercial growing pigs.

The objectives of the study were to evaluate age and teat order on a performance trait, average daily gain, and on physiological stress indicators, alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (N:L), and cortisol in commercial growing pigs from weaning to market age. Pigs (n = 129) from five commercial California farms were weighed and blood-sampled at 28-d intervals from 28 to 168 d of age. Laboratory assays were performed from blood samples to quantify cortisol, AGP, and N:L. Age and facility effects (P<.001), but not teat order effects (P>.05), were found for all three physiological traits and ADG. Pigs that routinely suckled from teats 1, 4, or 6 (numbered from anterior to posterior on the upper teat bank) had similar (P>.05) ADG and BW throughout the production cycle. No correlation (P> .05) was found between cortisol, AGP, and N:L. The use of these physiological and production traits as stress and health indices of growing pigs in commercial facilities has limitations in comparing data between facilities or different ages of pigs.
Bank fragility and financial stability policies

Dit proefschrift onderzoekt de verschillende oorzaken van bankfragiliteit en de effectiviteit van relevante macroprudentiele instrumenten alsmede het bij het behouden of herstellen van stabiliteit in het banksysteem. De resultaten geven aan dat een hoge afhankelijkheid van marktfinanciering verband houdt met een lagere bankstabiliteit en dat de negatieve effecten worden versterkt door toenemende concurrentie. Het liquiditeitsrisico van banken loopt op naarmate banken gevoelig worden voor bankruns. Daarom impliceert een kredietportefeuille met een hoge leverage een hoger algemeen risico, zelfs als het uit veilige activa bestaat. Vanuit een beleidsperspectief suggereert de analyse dat effectief macroprudentieel beleid, en met name lagere Loan to Value ratio’s, samenhangt met een daling van de hypotheekschuld. Tenslotte laten de resultaten zien dat bailout-beleid effectief was om het wanbetalingsrisico van banken te verminderen, maar het genereerde een risico-overdracht van banken naar overheden en versterkte de bank - overheden besmettingskanalen in Europa.
The impact of co-morbidity on GPs' pharmacological treatment decisions for patients with an anxiety disorder.

BACKGROUND Co-morbidity may influence GPs' treatment decisions for patients with anxiety. However, knowledge about differences in the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders in patients with and without co-morbidity is lacking. OBJECTIVE To compare GPs' pharmacological treatment patterns for anxiety in patients with and without co-morbidity. METHODS Data were extracted from computerized medical records of 77 general practices participating in the Dutch National Information Network of General Practice (LINH). We used diagnosis and prescription data of patients, aged 18-65 years, with a newly diagnosed anxiety disorder (n=4604). A mixed model technique was used to determine if there was a difference in the pharmacological treatment of anxiety with and without co-morbidity. RESULTS During the year after diagnosing anxiety, anxious patients who also suffered from chronic somatic morbidity or social problems were prescribed more benzodiazepines (effect size [ES]=0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.16-0.72 and ES=0.67, 95% CI=0.22-1.25, respectively) but no more antidepressants than patients with anxiety only. Compared to patients with a single diagnosis of anxiety, anxious patients who suffered simultaneously from other psychiatric conditions received twice as many antidepressant prescriptions (ES=2.07, 95% CI=1.89-2.56) as well as twice as many benzodiazepine prescriptions (ES=1.98, 95% CI=1.84-2.60) during the year after diagnosing anxiety. For all subgroups, the prescription rate of benzodiazepines remained high throughout the year after diagnosing anxiety. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that psychiatric co-morbidity in anxious patients leads to higher prescription levels of both antidepressants and benzodiazepines. Chronic somatic co-morbidity and co-morbid social problems also lead to higher prescription levels of benzodiazepines, but does not seem to influence GPs' prescribing of antidepressants. The prescription pattern of benzodiazepines was inconsistent with guideline recommendations.
A vertical power device conductive assembly at wafer level using direct bonding technology

The paper presents current technological achievements and associated characterizations of the mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of the assembly at wafer level of vertical power devices matrices. Based on direct bonding technology, metallic substrates are bonded to the Silicon active layer at wafer level to ensure back-side common electrode electrical interconnections while offering outstanding electrical and thermal behavior. In addition, the characteristics of the power device can be optimized independently from mechanical requirements on Silicon thicknesses. The technological integration is described and analyzed. The paper focuses afterwards on the electrical characterizations of these new components. The interest of this partial packaging technique is related to the ease of implementation of numerous power devices used for example in interleaved converter topologies where up to ten to fourteen inverter arms can be connected in parallel to significantly reduce the needed filtering elements.
Lung function and exercise capacity in young adults born prematurely.

RATIONALE Limited information is available about the long-term outcome of lung function and exercise capacity in young adults born prematurely. OBJECTIVE To determine long-term effects of prematurity on lung function (volumes, diffusing capacity) and exercise capacity in ex-preterms compared with healthy peers. METHODS In a prospective cohort study, children born with a gestational age of less than 32 wk and/or a birth weight under 1,500 g were followed up for 19 yr. Participants (n=42; mean gestational age, 30 wk, and mean birth weight, 1,246 g) and healthy term control subjects (n=48) were recruited for lung function and exercise tests. MEASUREMENTS Spirometry, bodybox (TLC(box)), diffusing capacity (Dl(CO)), bicycle ergometer test. MAIN RESULTS Preterm birth was associated with lower FEV(1) (preterms, 95% predicted, vs. controls, 110% predicted; p<0.001), DL(CO)sb (88% predicted vs. 96% predicted, p=0.003), and exercise capacity (load, 185 vs. 216 W; p<0.001; anaerobic threshold: mean, 1,546 vs. 1,839 ml/min; p<0.001) compared with control subjects at follow-up. No differences between the groups were found in TLC(box), peak oxygen consumption (Vo(2)), and breathing reserve. No significant differences in lung function and exercise parameters were found between preterms with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. CONCLUSIONS Long-term effects of prematurity were airway obstruction and a lower CO diffusing capacity compared with control subjects, although mean lung function parameters were within the normal range. Ex-preterms had a lower exercise level, which could not be explained by impaired lung function or smoking habits, but might be due to impaired physical fitness.
Rates and predictors of aftercare services among formerly hospitalized adolescents: a prospective naturalistic study.

OBJECTIVE To examine rates and predictors of aftercare use, lengths of service use, and predictors of the duration of aftercare service use among 180 adolescents monitored for up to 8.1 years after discharge from an inpatient psychiatry unit. METHOD Drawing upon the Anderson-Newman model of service use, severity of illness, enabling, and predisposing factors assessed during the hospitalization were examined as potential predictors of service use. Information about outpatient mental health specialty services after hospitalization was assessed repeatedly and verified with treatment records. RESULTS Seventy-three percent of adolescents received aftercare within the first month after discharge, and 92% eventually received outpatient services. Fifty-seven percent of adolescents remained in treatment 6 months after initiation of services. Psychiatric comorbidity, prior service use, and presence of a biological parent or grandparent in the home were related to initial service use. Psychiatric comorbidity and history of repeated suicide attempts were related to longer duration, and older age and minority group status were related to shorter duration of aftercare service use. CONCLUSIONS Most adolescents receive aftercare services, but there are certain groups that are relatively less likely to access or remain in services. Interventions to decrease the barriers to care in such groups may be beneficial.
Endocrine and metabolic regulation of renal drug transporters

Renal xenobiotic transporters are important determinants of urinary secretion and reabsorption of chemicals. In addition to glomerular filtration, these processes are key to the overall renal clearance of a diverse array of drugs and toxins. Alterations in kidney transporter levels and function can influence the efficacy and toxicity of chemicals. Studies in experimental animals have revealed distinct patterns of renal transporter expression in response to sex hormones, pregnancy, and growth hormone. Likewise, a number of disease states including diabetes, obesity, and cholestasis alter the expression of kidney transporters. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the major xenobiotic transporters expressed in the kidneys and an understanding of metabolic conditions and hormonal factors that regulate their expression and function. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:407–421, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21435
Power Capability of Skeletal Muscle to Pump Blood

This article describes the various ways in which an electrically stimulated, muscle-wrapped pouch can be used to pump blood. The fundamental equations that allow calculation of the output and input power are developed. The output power in watts is 23.5 X 10-4 (Pm – PDP)F, where Pm is mean arterial pressure and PDP is pouch diastolic pressure (mmHg); F is the pouch output flow (liters/min). The input power in watts is the oxygen consumed by the muscle in milliliters per second multiplied by 20.1. The oxygen consumed is equal to the product of muscle capillary flow and the A-VO2 difference across the muscle. The ratio of output power to input power is the efficiency; typical values range from 7 to 15%. At rest the typical 350 gm heart produces an output power of about 3.5 milliwatts/gram. Skeletal muscle can produce 10–15 milliwatts per gram; however, it is not known how long conditioned or unconditioned muscle can sustain this power level. In addition, it is not known what power level an electrically stimulated skeletal muscle can sustain for a prolonged period; this represents a gap in our knowledge of cardiac assistance using skeletal muscle.