Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Down‐regulation of mir‐27b promotes angiogenesis and fibroblast activation through activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

To study the effects of mir‐27b on angiogenesis and fibroblast activation and to explore its further mechanism. Humanmicrovascular endothelial cell (HMEC)‐1 and humannormal skin fibroblast (BJ) cells were treated with mir‐27b inhibitor negative control reagent, mir‐27b inhibitor, LY294002, and mir‐27b inhibitor + LY294002, respectively. 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was used to detect the T‐cell proliferation. The migration ability was detected by Scratch assays. The angiogenesis of HMEC‐1 cells was observed by in vitro tube formation assay. The mRNA and protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in HMEC‐1 cells and the mRNA and protein expression of collagen I, collagen III, α‐SMA, and MMP1 in BJ cells were detected by quantitativereal‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot, respectively. Meanwhile, the PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway‐related proteins were also detected by Western blot. The proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, the mRNA and protein expression of VEGF and the protein expression of p‐PI3K and p‐AKT in HMEC‐1 cells were increased after treated with mir‐27b inhibitor. Meanwhile, the proliferation, migration, and the protein expression of collagen I, collagen III, α‐SMA, MMP1, p‐PI3K, and p‐AKT in BJ cells were increased after treated with mir‐27b inhibitor. However, the angiogenesis and fibroblast activation of mir‐27b inhibitor was reversed by LY294002, and the activate effect to PI3K/AKT pathway was also inhibited. Down‐regulation of mir‐27b could promote angiogenesis and fibroblast activation, and its mechanism is related to activate PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
A Reappraisal of Streptococcal Urinary Antigen Testing for Antibiotic Stewardship.

EDITORIAL COMMENTARY • cid 2020:71 (15 September) • 1435 Received 4 September 2019; editorial decision 30 September 2019; accepted 2 October 2019; published online October 7, 2019. Correspondence: S. S. Kadri, Clinical Epidemiology Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 10 Center Dr. Bldg. 10, 2C-145, Bethesda, MD 20817 (sameer.kadri@nih.gov). Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020;71(6):1435–7 Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2019. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz989 A Reappraisal of Streptococcal Urinary Antigen Testing for Antibiotic Stewardship
Identifying variables in relation to health-related quality of life among married women of reproductive age in Sivas Turkey

ABSTRACT A cross-sectional study was performed to identify the factors associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among 1,236 married Turkish women aged 15–49 years, in the urban area of Sivas, between January and July 2017. Multiple logistic regression analyzes showed that being unemployed [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.18–2.25], and having an unsatisfying sexual life (AOR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.17–2.03), a chronic illness (AOR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.27–2.17), more than three children (AOR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.03–1.86), and experienced domestic violence (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.55–2.98) were associated with worse mental HRQoL. Having less than a high school education (AOR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.33–3.02), a chronic illness (AOR = 2.49, 95% CI = 1.88–3.30), a history of abortion (AOR = 1.59, CI = 1.09–2.31), and experienced domestic violence (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.21–2.40) were associated with worse physical HRQoL. These findings suggest that health care providers or policy makers should pay special attention to unemployed women who are less educated, have more than three children and those having unsatisfied sexual lives, chronic illness, domestic violence experience and abortion history to enhance their HRQoL.
A preliminary study for quantitative assessment with HFUS (High Frequency ultrasound) of nodular skin melanoma Breslow thickness in adults before surgery: Interdisciplinary team experience.

BACKGROUND Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most severe skin diseases. Nodular melanoma is the second melanoma subtype in order of frequency. The prognosis of skin melanoma depends on the vertical growth of the tumor (Breslow index). For this measurement, excisional biopsy is strongly recommended. This is however an invasive procedure, and may result in damage to the lymphatic drainage system. The HFUS system, given its high resolution capacity, can be extremely useful for determining tumor thickness in the preoperative phase. The aim of this preliminary study is to define the role of HFUS for the nodular skin melanoma Breslow thickness in adults before surgery making a comparison with histological features. METHODS In this study were evaluated 14 melanocytic lesions (8 male and 6 female) with dermatoscopic clinical features strongly indicative of nodular melanoma of which 7 lesions excisional biopsy was requested. Ultrasounds were performed preoperatively. The images were acquired through the first ultrasound scanner with ultra high frequency probes (range from 50MHz to 70 MHz) available on the market under the EEC mark (Vevo "MD, FUJIFILM Visual Sonics, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) equipped with a linear probe of 50-70 MHz. RESULTS From ultrasonographic analysis of 14 nodular melanoma thickness were determined for the presence of two hyperechogenic laminae, separated by a hypo / anechoic space. Twelve lesions were in situ while the other two lesions showed ultrasonography the satellite lesions (less than two centimeters from the primary lesion) and in transit (localizable to more than two centimeters from the primary lesion). Four lesions of these were ulcerated. 0n 7 lesions have made comparison between the thickness calculated with this method, and that obtained on the bioptic piece, has shown in all cases the presence of a positive concordance. CONCLUSIONS If further studies are needed to support its widespread clinical use, we believe that, in expert hands and with a interdisciplinary team, HFUS are already capable to reliably calculate a Breslow index in the large majority of patients with cutaneous melanoma.
Prescribing direct‐acting antivirals to treat hepatitis C virus in a general practice setting in Australia: ‘so why not do it’?

The recent implementation of a scheme to provide universal access to direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) medication to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) places Australia in a unique position to reach global HCV elimination goals. To achieve this, increasing the uptake and success of DAA treatment in general practice settings is essential.
Longterm Outcomes of Living Donor Liver Transplantation for Glycogen Storage Disease Type 1b

Glycogen storage disease (GSD) type 1b (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man [OMIM] 232220) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of carbohydrate metabolism caused by defects in glucose‐6‐phosphate translocase. GSD1b patients have severe hypoglycemia with several clinical manifestations of hepatomegaly, obesity, a doll‐like face, and neutropenia. Liver transplantation (LT) has been indicated for severe glucose intolerance, poor metabolic control (PMC), and poor growth (PG). We retrospectively reviewed 11 children with GSD1b who underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) at the National Center for Child Health and Development in Tokyo, Japan. Between November 2005 and December 2018, 495 children underwent LDLT with an overall 10‐year patient and graft survival of 90.6% and 88.9%, respectively. Of these, LT was indicated for 11 patients with GSD1b. All patients are doing well with the stabilization of glucose intolerance and decreased hospitalization for infectious complications. Demand for granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor significantly decreased. However, although LT stabilized the blood glucose level, the platelet function was not improved. The posttransplant developmental quotient (DQ) remained similar to the pretransplant DQ without deterioration. LDLT is a feasible procedure for GSD1b patients with regard to the longterm prognosis. LT should be considered for patients with severe glucose intolerance to protect the cognitive function against hypoglycemic encephalopathy and to ameliorate PMC and PG.
Sustained relief of trigeminal neuropathic pain by a blood–brain barrier penetrable PPAR gamma agonist

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) and blood–nerve barrier ensure protection of the nervous system but pose a challenge for the treatment of pain since it restricts passage of many therapeutic drugs. Although it is unknown which blood–neural barrier is more relevant, or whether permeabilities are the same for different barriers, we proposed that the inefficiency of thiazolidinedione-type agonists for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARɣ) is due to their difficulty in passage through the BBB. We developed a new highly BBB penetrable PPARɣ agonist for the treatment of neuropathic pain, assuming BBB permeability is a rule of thumb to estimate the overall permeability of relevant blood–neural barriers. As an index of brain penetration, the brain–plasma ratio (Kp) of ELB00824 is 5.13, suggesting very high brain bioavailability, which is 58-fold that of pioglitazone. The series of studies presented here indicate that ELB00824 may be the most potent PPARɣ agonist currently known for acute reduction of neuropathic pain in trigeminal nerve in rat and mouse models. Low-dose PPARɣ agonist, ELB00824 (10 mg/kg), effectively decreased neuropathic hypersensitivity in mice and rats at both acute and chronic time points, a dose 100-fold lower than the effective dose (1000 mg/kg, i.p.) of pioglitazone. Comparisons of ELB00824 alone or in combination with gabapentin or carbamazepine are provided. While PPARɣ agonists used to treat Type 2 diabetes produce several adverse side effects, sub-chronic oral toxicity study provided promising results that ELB00824 does not produce any significant short-term toxicity. The study animals of either sex remained alive and healthy with no significant alteration of body weight long term. Toxicity study results obtained were satisfactory, with no significant alterations in any serum biochemistry parameters.
Understanding Helpful Nursing Care From the Perspective of Mental Health Inpatients With a Dual Diagnosis: A Qualitative Descriptive Study

BACKGROUND: An estimated 30% to 50% of people with a mental illness also have a substance use problem. Referred to as having a dual diagnosis, these patients experience high levels of unmet needs, poor health outcomes, and require specialized care during psychiatric hospitalization. Research on nursing inpatients with a dual diagnosis is limited and patient perceptions of helpful care during hospitalization are unknown. AIMS: What nursing interventions, attitudes, actions, and/or behaviors are perceived as helpful by patients with a dual diagnosis during psychiatric hospitalization? METHODS: A qualitative-descriptive design was used. Twelve adult inpatients with a dual diagnosis were recruited using purposive sampling. Individual, semistructured interviews were conducted, and interview data were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS: Helpful nursing occurred across three themes: (1) promoting health in everyday living, (2) managing substance use in tandem with mental illness, and (3) building therapeutic relationships. CONCLUSIONS: Specific examples of helpful interventions and their reported outcomes reinforce the critical role that nurses play in the health and recovery of inpatients with a dual diagnosis. The importance of collaborative, strengths-based approaches is highlighted, and expanding the nurse’s role to include evidence-based responses to substance use is recommended.
Improving fitness increases dentate gyrus/CA3 volume in the hippocampal head and enhances memory in young adults

Converging evidence suggests a relationship between aerobic exercise and hippocampal neuroplasticity that interactively impacts hippocampally dependent memory. The majority of human studies have focused on the potential for exercise to reduce brain atrophy and attenuate cognitive decline in older adults, whereas animal studies often center on exercise‐induced neurogenesis and hippocampal plasticity in the dentate gyrus (DG) of young adult animals. In the present study, initially sedentary young adults (18–35 years) participated in a moderate‐intensity randomized controlled exercise intervention trial (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02057354) for a duration of 12 weeks. The aims of the study were to investigate the relationship between change in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) as determined by estimated V˙O2 MAX, hippocampally dependent mnemonic discrimination, and change in hippocampal subfield volume. Results show that improving CRF after exercise training is associated with an increased volume in the left DG/CA3 subregion in young adults. Consistent with previous studies that found exercise‐induced increases in anterior hippocampus in older adults, this result was specific to the hippocampal head, or most anterior portion, of the subregion. Our results also demonstrate a positive relationship between change in CRF and change in corrected accuracy for trials requiring the highest level of discrimination on a putative behavioral pattern separation task. This relationship was observed in individuals who were initially lower‐fit, suggesting that individuals who show greater improvement in their CRF may receive greater cognitive benefit. This work extends animal models by providing evidence for exercise‐induced neuroplasticity specific to the neurogenic zone of the human hippocampus.
An Examination of Sexual Victimization, Self-Injurious Behaviors, and Suicidality Among Female College Students

Many studies have established a relationship between suicidal ideation and sexual victimization, particularly among women; yet, few have looked specifically at samples of college students or at the potentially mediating effects that several risk factors and coping mechanisms related to sexual victimization may have on suicidality. The current study sought to examine the relationship between reported sexual victimization and suicidality, and more specifically the mediating role that depression and nonsuicidal self-injury had on this relationship. Data were collected from a random sample of 732 female college students attending a Midwestern public university. Path analysis results indicate that while sexual victimization did not have a direct effect on suicidality, it did have an observable and significant mediating indirect effect on suicidality. The current study informs both our theoretical understanding of how victimization affects college women’s lives and our capacity to develop and implement effective prevention and intervention programs for college students.
Tailored Perception: Individuals’ Speech and Music Perception Strategies Fit Their Perceptual Abilities

Perception involves integration of multiple dimensions that often serve overlapping, redundant functions, for example, pitch, duration, and amplitude in speech. Individuals tend to prioritize these dimensions differently (stable, individualized perceptual strategies), but the reason for this has remained unclear. Here we show that perceptual strategies relate to perceptual abilities. In a speech cue weighting experiment (trial N = 990), we first demonstrate that individuals with a severe deficit for pitch perception (congenital amusics; N = 11) categorize linguistic stimuli similarly to controls (N = 11) when the main distinguishing cue is duration, which they perceive normally. In contrast, in a prosodic task where pitch cues are the main distinguishing factor, we show that amusics place less importance on pitch and instead rely more on duration cues—even when pitch differences in the stimuli are large enough for amusics to discern. In a second experiment testing musical and prosodic phrase interpretation (N = 16 amusics; 15 controls), we found that relying on duration allowed amusics to overcome their pitch deficits to perceive speech and music successfully. We conclude that auditory signals, because of their redundant nature, are robust to impairments for specific dimensions, and that optimal speech and music perception strategies depend not only on invariant acoustic dimensions (the physical signal), but on perceptual dimensions whose precision varies across individuals. Computational models of speech perception (indeed, all types of perception involving redundant cues e.g., vision and touch) should therefore aim to account for the precision of perceptual dimensions and characterize individuals as well as groups.
Confusion and nutritional backlash from news media exposure to contradictory information about carbohydrates and dietary fats

Abstract Objective: To test the effect of news media exposure to contradictory information about carbohydrates and dietary fats on levels of confusion, nutritional backlash and dietary intentions. Design: We conducted an online survey experiment between 11 and 28 February 2018, randomizing participants to one of six experimental conditions. Two ‘contradictory information’ conditions asked participants to read one news article on the risks of a low-carbohydrate diet and one article on the risks of a low-fat diet. Two ‘convergent information’ conditions asked participants to read two articles with similar information on the risks of one of these two diets. A fifth ‘established health recommendations’ control condition asked participants to read two articles on the harms of smoking and sun exposure. A sixth ‘no information’ condition served as a second control group. We used general linear models to test hypotheses on the effects of exposure on confusion, nutritional backlash and dietary intentions. Setting: USA. Participants: Adults (n 901) registered with Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (M-Turk). Results: Exposure to contradictory information about carbohydrates and dietary fats increased confusion and nutritional backlash compared with exposure to established health recommendations for non-dietary behaviours and a no-exposure control. Exposure to contradictory information also increased confusion compared with exposure to consistent nutrition information regarding carbohydrates and dietary fats. Conclusions: Contradictory nutrition information in the news media can negatively affect consumers’ attitudes, beliefs and behavioural intentions. Dietary debates that play out in the media may adversely influence both short-term dietary decisions and future efforts to communicate about unrelated nutrition issues.
Initial Clinical Experience with Swiss LithoClast Trilogy during Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Current, available lithotrites have clinical stone clearance rates averaging 24-32 mm2/min. The objective of this study was to critically evaluate the initial experience with the Swiss LithoClast® Trilogy lithotrite during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). METHODS We prospectively enrolled patients with a minimum of 15 mm of stone in axial diameter at three locations (Indiana University, University of California Davis, and University of California San Diego) scheduled to undergo PCNL for nephrolithiasis over a 60-day trial period. We assessed objective measures of stone clearance time, stone clearance rate, device malfunction, stone-free rate, and complications. Each surgeon also evaluated subjective parameters from each case related to use of Trilogy on a 1-10 scale (10 = Extremely Effective), and compared it to their usual lithotrite on a 1-5 scale (5 = much better). RESULTS We included 43 patients and had 7 bilateral (16.3%) cases, for a total of 50 renal units. One case was a mini-PCNL. Two cases experienced device malfunctions requiring troubleshooting but no transition to another lithotrite. The mean stone clearance rate was 68.9 mm2/minute. The stone-free rate on post-operative imaging was 67.6% (25 of 37 patients with available imaging). The lowest subjective rating was the ergonomics score of 6.7, and the highest subjective rating was the ease of managing settings score of 9.2. The surgeon impressions of ultrasound (7.3), ballistic (8.1), combination of ultrasound and ballistic (8.7), and suction (8.4) were high. One patient experienced an intraoperative renal pelvis perforation, one patient required a blood transfusion, one patient had a pneumothorax requiring chest tube placement, and one patient had a renal artery pseudoaneurysm requiring endovascular embolization. CONCLUSIONS This multi-institutional study evaluated a new and efficient combination lithotrite that was perceived by surgeons to be highly satisfactory, with an excellent safety and durability profile.
Clinical situation, therapy, and follow up of adult craniopharyngioma - report from the German craniopharyngioma registry.

CONTEXT Craniopharyngioma is a rare neoplastic entity of the central nervous system. Childhood onset craniopharyngioma is the subject of frequent research whereas the information on adult onset craniopharyngioma is scarce. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the level of daily impairment in adult patients suffering from craniopharyngioma. DESIGN Non-interventional patient registry indexed as PV4842 with the local ethics committee. SETTING The study is set in a hospitalized and ambulatory setting. PATIENTS 148 patients with adult onset craniopharyngioma were recruited from 8 centers, 22 prospectively and 126 retrospectively. Mean follow-up was 31 months. INTERVENTIONS No interventions performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Complications, symptoms, BMI. QoL (EORTC QLQ C30 and BN20) was recorded preoperatively and at follow up. The hypotheses tested were generated after data collection. RESULTS Complications were more frequent after transcranial than transsphenoidal approaches, 31 % vs 11%, p<0.01. Preoperative obesity was present in 0% papillary and in 38% of all adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas, p=0.05, diabetes insipidus was more frequent for papillary craniopharyngioma (36.8% vs. 16,7%, p<0.05). Hormone deficits at follow up were reduced in 16.9%, equal in 31.4% and increased in 63.6% (p<0.001). BMI increased from 28.7±7.4kg/m² before surgery to 30.2±7.4kg/m² at follow up, p<0.001. QoL: decrease of future uncertainty (62.5 vs. 36.8, p=0.02) and visual disorders (38.9 vs. 12.0, p=0.01) was observed in the prospective collective after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Adult craniopharyngioma is associated with a complex sociological and psychological burden and hypothalamic dysfunction, warranting further investigation and emphasizing the need for a wider treatment approach.
Treatment Effects in Social Cognition and Behavior following a Theater-based Intervention for Youth with Autism

ABSTRACT This randomized clinical trial (www.clinicaltrials.gov ID# NCT02276534) examined the impact of a peer-mediated, theater-based social skills intervention, SENSE Theater®, on social cognition and behavior in 77 youth (ages 8–16) with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. Analysis of Covariance models revealed that post-treatment, the experimental group (n = 44) performed significantly better than the controls (n = 33) on NEPSY theory of mind (verbal) subtest, demonstrated increased neural evidence of memory for faces, and engaged in more cooperative play and verbal interaction with novel peers. The study extends previous findings showing that SENSE Theater® contributes to improvement in social cognition and behavior.