Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A framework of knowledge processes for professional quantity surveying firms in Hong Kong

Knowledge is increasingly recognised as a competitive advantage of organisations. In view of the essence of knowledge, this research seeks to explore the knowledge processes which are being undertaken in professional quantity surveying firms in Hong Kong. As quantity surveying firms are characterised by their professional identity and knowledge-driven nature, knowledge is highly crucial to their successes in the competitive and dynamic business environment. Owing to the fact that knowledge management is still in its infancy in the construction industry and that structured knowledge management processes have probably not yet been well deployed in the surveying discipline, this research focuses on implicit knowledge management processes. A framework of knowledge processes was developed from a detailed literature review with an attempt to enhance the knowledge flow in Hong Kong professional quantity surveying firms. The applicability and validity of the framework were verified by quantitative research method. Based on the proposed process model, a questionnaire survey was then conducted to study the opinions of professional quantity surveyors on the details of these processes; the questionnaire was returned with a response rate of 42.6% out of 260. Taking advantage of the findings collected in the questionnaire survey, this research confirms the six knowledge management processes in quantity surveying firms, namely acquisition, creation, storage, distribution, use and maintaining. These processes interact with one another to form a powerful tool for sustaining the competitiveness of the firms.
A Survey on the Clinical Presentations in Food-borne Botulism for Patients Refering to Razi Hospital During 2001-06

Background: Botulism is caused by a neurotoxin produced from the anaerobic, spore forming Bacterium clostridium. Food-borne botulism is one of the dangerous forms of food poisoning in the world. The purpose of this study was to survey some clinical presentations and laboratory findings in patients suspected with botulism toxicity that had received anti-botulism. Methods: This descriptive-retrospective study was done on food-borne botulism poisoning cases admitted to the emergency ward and received anti-botulism at Razi Hospital of Rasht (north of Iran) during 2001-6. Completion of the questionnaire which included such variables as gender, age, clinical presentations, and laboratory data was based on the information available on the patients. Results: Of the 31 patients that had taken anti botulism, 20 cases (64.5%) were male. Subjects were in age range of 19-55 and the mean of age was 34.5 years. Conserved foods (38.7%), salted caviar (32.3%), and fish (16.3%) were the main causes of botulism, respectively. The most common clinical symptom was vomiting (77.4%) and the most common neurological presentations were visual abnormalities (48.4%). Azotemia, leukocytosis, and leukopenia were seen in 3 cases (9.7%), in 2 cases (6.5%), and in 4 cases (12.9%), respectively. Conclusion: Marine products (salted caviar and fish) have an important role in the incidence of botulism in Guilan. Botulism is seen in males more than females and its most common clinical manifestation is vomiting.
Effect of seasonal and citrus rootstocks on inoculum density of Phytophthora spp. in Citrus orchard in a heavy soil of the Gharb region of Morocco

Phytophthora root rot is considered as the most damaging disease for citrus production in Morocco. Phytophthora species are generally present as propagules in citrus fields colonizing the root zone of rootstocks and representing a source of infection for the aerial parts and a risk of dissemination to new fields. This study aimed to monitor the seasonal evolution of the inoculum density of Phytophthora spp. in heavy ground at the Gharb region in Morocco in the rhizospher of two rootstocks: Citrus aurantium L. and Citrus macrophylla. Soil samples were taken at monthly intervals over a period of 14 months between April 2013 and June 2014. The inoculum density of Phytophthora species was estimated using the dilution technique in conjunction with the selective BARPHY 72 medium. Phytophthora isolates were identified based on colonies’ morphological and taxonomic criteria as well as mycelial characteristics. In both plots, Phytophthora parasitica was the predominant isolated species, followed by P. citrophthora. The inoculum density of Phytophthora fluctuated throughout sampling period in spring and summer, depending on environmental conditions, and rootstocks.
Forcing relation on minimal interval patterns

Let M be the set of pairs (T, g) such that T ⊂ R is compact, g : T → T is continuous, g is minimal on T and has a piecewise monotone extension to conv T . Two pairs (T, g), (S, f) from M are equivalent if the map h : orb(minT, g) → orb(minS, f) defined for each m ∈ N0 by h(g(minT )) = f(minS) is increasing on orb(minT, g). An equivalence class of this relation—a minimal (oriented) pattern A—is exhibited by a continuous interval map f : I → I if there is a set T ⊂ I such that (T, f |T ) = (T, f) ∈ A. We define the forcing relation on minimal patterns: A forces B if all continuous interval maps exhibiting A also exhibit B. In Theorem 3.1 we show that for each minimal pattern A there are maps exhibiting only patterns forced by A. Using this result we prove that the forcing relation on minimal patterns is a partial ordering. Our Theorem 3.2 extends the result of [B], where pairs (T, g) with T finite are considered. 0. Introduction. The question of coexistence of different types of closed invariant sets arises in the theory of discrete dynamical systems. In dimension one for interval maps different types of such sets have been investigated. Using the equivalence relation on cycles (finite invariant sets), the notion of a pattern (generalized pattern) has been defined and a law of coexistence of different patterns, now usually called the forcing relation, has been studied [B], [ALM]. Furthermore, recent results [Bl1], [Bl2], [Y] show that the essential parts of the theory of forcing of finite invariant sets could be extended to the more general case of infinite minimal sets exhibited by interval maps. The aim of this paper is to make a few steps in this direction. In order to achieve our goal we define an equivalence relation on the set of all minimal pairs exhibited by interval maps and consider a minimal (oriented) pattern as an equivalence class of this relation. Our main results generalizing Theorems 2.6. 13 and 2.5. 1 from [ALM] are the following. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 26A18, 37B05, 37E05, 37E99.
A PV-based determination of the transport barrier in the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone

The Asian summer monsoon provides an important pathway of tropospheric source gases and pollution into the lower stratosphere. This transport is characterized by deep convection and steady upwelling, combined with confinement inside a large-scale anticyclonic circulation in the 5 upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). In this paper, we show that a barrier to horizontal transport along the 380 K isentrope in the monsoon anticyclone can be determined from a local maximum in the gradient of potential vorticity (PV), following methods developed for the po10 lar vortex (e.g., Nash et al., 1996). Due to large dynamic variability of the anticyclone, this maximum in the PV gradient is weak and additional constraints are needed (e.g., time averaging). Nevertheless, PV contours in the monsoon anticyclone agree well with contours of trace gas mixing ratios 15 (CO, O3) and mean age from model simulations with a Lagrangian chemistry transport model (CLaMS) and satellite observations from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument. Hence, the PV-based transport barrier reflects the separation between air inside the anticyclone core and the 20 background atmosphere well. For the summer season 2011 we find an average PV value of 3.6 PVU for the transport barrier in the anticyclone on the 380 K isentrope.
n o 2 / 08 Fundamentals and the accruals puzzle

We investigate whether there is an economic relationship between accruals and fundamentals. Our study is the first one to evaluate the profitability and persistence of an accrual factor, to analyze whether changes in fundamentals are explained by changes in accruals, and whether an accrual factor in fundamentals is the source of the accrual factor in returns, that is, if the accrual factor in fundamentals is driving stock returns. Our results show evidence of a relationship between fundamentals and accruals, a relationship that is persistent over time. Furthermore, we find that a Size, BTM and an accrual factor in sales seem to be driving stock returns: returns are driven by changes in sales and not by other fundamentals. Also, we show that future sales growth is correlated with stock returns and that accruals and cash flows contain valuable information for predicting future changes in sales. Finally, our results indicate that the accrual factor behaves similarly to the Size and BTM factors in terms of sensitivities and risk premiums. A natural corollary of the study reconciles some conflicting results obtained by the accruals literature: our results imply that the performance of an accruals-based strategy is not comparable directly to an OCF-based strategy because the former is adjusted by accounting quality risk whereas the latter is not. Javier Gómez Biscarri IESE Business School 08034 Barcelona jgbiscarri@iese.edu Germán López Espinosa Universidad de Navarra Dpto. Empresa Campus Universitario 31080 Pamplona glespinosa@unav.es
Comparative toxicity of some insecticides against army worm, Spodoptera litura L. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the most impotent cash crops of Pakistan. It is well known fact that it is backbone of Pakistan’s economy. Spodoptera litura is one of the major insect of cotton that has the potential to reduce yields by 20-80%. Study was designed to check the efficacy of eight insecticides viz. Belt (flubendiamide 48SC), Ardent (acrinathrin 5EC), Match (leusenoran 5EC), Larvin (thiodicarb 80DF), Proaxis (Gamma-cyhalothrin 60CS), XDE (spinethylin 12SC), Lorsban (chloropyriphos 40EC) and Timer (emamectin 1.9EC) on fifth instar Spodoptera litura larvae. Results indicated that after 3 hours interval Match (lufenuron 5%EC) proved the most effective insecticide against armyworm followed by Lorsban (chloropyrifos 40EC), XDE (spinethylin 12% SC) Ardent (acrinathrin 5%EC), Proaxis (gamma cyhalothrin 40% EC), Timer (emamectin benzoate 1.9%EC), Larvin (thiodicarb 80%DF) and Belt (flubendiamide 48% SC) with LC50 values 226.08, 235.7 (140.0-395.46), 240.4 (296.7194.8), 266.6 (324.3-219.2), 414.3 (529.7-324.6), 432.6 (516.7-332.1), 500.9 (777.8-434.1) and 588.7 (980.7-353.4) ppm, respectively.
DYNAMIC LOAD OF THE LOCOMOTIVE DRIVE CAUSED BY SHORT-CIRCUIT MOTOR TORQUE

The paper deals with mathematical modelling of dynamic response of the electric locomotive wheelset drive caused by short-circuit traction motor torque. The individual wheelset drive is composed of five subsystems – rotor of the traction motor with driving gear, driven gear, stator of the traction motor with gear housing, hollow graduated shaft with clutches and wheelset. The couplings between subsystems are linearized in dependence on longitudinal creepage and locomotive forward velocity before sudden short-circuit in the asynchronous traction motor. In comparison with previous models of the wheelset drives, the rotor of the electromotor is characterized by flexible shaft supported on flexible rolling-element bearings. The sheet metal packet of cylindrical shape is connected by parallel cooper bars with two short circuit rings. In consequence of strong excitation an interruption of gear mesh can be observed. This nonlinear effect and dynamic load of individual wheelset drive with large number of DOF is investigated using the condensed mathematical model created by modal synthesis method.
SYMBOLIC BIRDS AND IRONIC BATS: VARIETIES OF CLASSIFICATION IN NAGE FOLK ORNITHOLOGY

Ethnobiologists and anthropologists have long recognized a distinction between “general purpose” ethnotaxonomies and specialized ways of classifying plants and animals, such as “symbolic classification. ” This article on the folk ornithology of an eastern Indonesian society distinguishes between ethnotaxonomy and symbolic classification in order to consider the conceptual position of bats. Contrary to the predictions of Douglas and others, Chiropterans are shown to be peripheral to both forms of classification in a way that contrasts with values attached to both nocturnal and diurnal birds of prey.
TENSILE STRENGTH AND DUCTILITY OF FERRITE-MARTENSITE DUAL PHASE STEELS

The aim of this paper was to evaluate tensile properties of low carbon ferritemartensite dual phase steel. For this purpose, 2 mm thick steel sheet was intercritically heat treated, followed by water quenching to obtain different volume fractions of martensite (Vm). Microstructural investigations and tensile test were carried out. Yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and ductility were correlated to martensite volume fraction. The results showed that dual phase steels with an equal amount of ferrite and martensite have excellent mechanical properties. Further increase in Vm was found to decrease tensile strengths and ductility. The increasing and then decreasing trend in tensile strength is in contrast to the law of mixture.
The emerging role of LIS professionals in combating adverse environmental effects

In modern librarianship there is a lot more need for practical engagement than just fostering information literacy and dissemination. The 2030 United Nations agenda emphasizes action points for environmental sustainability, which involve reduction of pollution and waste, governing the environment, boosting the renewable energy, health ecosystems, combating climate change, improving soil and water sanitation, increasing resource efficiency, and safeguarding the oceans. These actions necessitate collective responsibility from all stakeholders including; LIS professionals, policy makers, politicians, development partners and practitioners. The aim of this paper was to establish the practical and probable measures through which LIS professionals can engage in the action of environmental restoration. The study was informed by published literature on the involvement by LIS and other professionals, locally and internationally in environmental sustainability actions. An online questionnaire, with structured and open ended questions, was used to collect data from 60 LIS professionals in Africa, of whom the majority (55%) were from Uganda, 56.7% male, and 81.7% primarily working as librarians. The study revealed that LIS professionals are aware of environmental degradation activities though only 55% are aware of the global environmental strategy of the 2030 UN Agenda. Deforestation and air pollution were reported as the most commonly known activities which destroy the environment. It was established that LIS professionals and their affiliate institutions and organizations are mostly involved in the greening campaign more than any other activity. The main challenge to environmental conservation, as reported from the study, is lack of sufficient resources to support the planned activities, however, it was suggested that LIS professionals engage more in the development, implementation, and promotion of awareness campaigns for waste reduction and environmental literacy. Finally it was recommended that LIS professionals develop a strong collaboration with other stakeholders and engage in all other possible activities to enhance environmental sustainability.
Kinesio Taping Reduces Cold-Induced Pain in Young Healthy Individuals Independent of the Applied Tension on the Tape

Introduction: Kinesio Taping (KT) is a relatively new method, which has been gaining importance over the past 10 years because of the significant exposure in international sporting events, such as the Olympic games. Although it is widely used by health professionals during treatment, there are few studies that provide information to justify the use of this technique and the ways in which it is applied for the treatment or prevention of any musculoskeletal affliction that causes pain. Objective: Evaluate the effect of kinesio taping on cold-induced pain in young healthy individuals. Methodology: 85 subjects aged 18 to 38 were selected, divided into a control group (CG: 41) and experimental group (EG: 44). The protocol for induction of pain by cold was done with cold water (0oC – 2oC), with immersion of the non-dominant hand. The variables analyzed were the pain threshold (PT), total time of immersion (TTI) and the pain intensity according to the visual analogue scale (VAS). Kinesio taping was then applied in an "I" shape, starting from the distal third of the forearm until the end of the third metacarpal bone; in the CG, KT was applied without putting tension on the tape; in the EG, KT was tensioned at 25% for the application. The volunteers were instructed to keep the KT applied for 24 hours. After this period, the subjects returned to the place of evaluation, where the KT was removed and the pain induction by cold protocol was once again performed. Results: In the CG, 17 individuals were male and 24 female, with a mean age of 20.07 ±3.11. In the EG, 21 individuals were male and 23 female, with a mean age of 20.06 ±1.88. There was a significant increase in the variables PT and TTI, in addition to a decrease in the pain intensity according to VAS for both the CG and the EG, without a significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: KT was able to reduce pain perception induced by the cold, but there was no difference between the experimental and control groups.
Conversion of Landfilled Ash into Hydraulic Cements under Different Environments

A landfilled coal fly ash was blended with different constituents for achieving a balanced chemistry that suits production of hydraulic cement and concurrent capture of carbon dioxide. The blend of raw materials was processed via input of mechanical energy into hydraulic cements. The input of mechanical energy via milling was performed in three different environments: air, N2 and CO2. The resultant hydraulic cements were characterized through assessment of their specific surface area, microstructure (scanning electron microscopy), chemical bond environment (FTIR), heat of hydration, and pH, total dissolved solids and electric conductivity of their solutions. Mechanical processing of the blend of raw materials was found to transform them into hydraulic cement. The environment of mechanical processing was also found to be an important factor influencing the properties of the resultant cement.
The Dissemination of Culture

Despite tendencies toward convergence, differences between individuals and groups continue to exist in beliefs, attitudes, and behavior. An agent-based adaptive model reveals the effects of a mechanism of convergent social influence. The actors are placed at fixed sites. The basic premise is that the more similar an actor is to a neighbor, the more likely that that actor will adopt one of the neighbor's traits. Unlike previous models of social influence or cultural change that treat features one at a time, the proposed model takes into account the interaction between different features. The model illustrates how local convergence can generate global polarization. Simulations show that the number of stable homogeneous regions decreases with the number of features, increases with the number of alternative traits per feature, decreases with the range of interaction, and (most surprisingly) decreases when the geographic territory grows beyond a certain size.
CDBA-Based Universal Biquad Filter and Quadrature Oscillator

The voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter and sinusoidal quadrature oscillator based on the use of current differencing buffered amplifiers (CDBAs) as active components have been proposed in this paper. All the proposed configurations employ only two CDBAs and six passive components. The first proposed CDBA-based biquad configuration can realize all the standard types of the biquadratic functions, that is, lowpass, bandpass, highpass, bandstop, and allpass, from the same topology, and can also provide orthogonal tuning of the natural angular frequency and the bandwidth (BW) through separate virtually grounded passive components. By slight modification of the first proposed configuration, the new CDBA-based sinusoidal quadrature oscillator is easily obtained. The oscillation condition and the oscillation frequency are independently adjustable by different virtually grounded resistors. The sensitivity analysis of all proposed circuit configurations is shown to be low. PSPICE simulations and experimental results based upon commercially available AD844-type CFAs are included, which confirm the workability of the proposed circuits.
Compressive properties of PBXN-110 and its HTPB binder as a function of temperature and strain rate

The compressive constitutive strength behavior of PBXN-110 and its HTPB-based binder system was measured as a function of temperature (-55 C to +20 C) and strain rate (10{sup -3} and 2000 s{sup -1}). PBXN-110 is a plastic bonded explosive (PBX) with relatively high binder content that contains 88wt% HMX and 12wt% HTPB-based binder. A pure analog of the PBXN-110 binder system was tested for comparison to the strain rate and temperature dependence of the composite PBXN-110. As expected, the strength of PBXN-110 was found to exhibit strong temperature and strain rate dependence, attributable to the large fraction of the very soft HTPB binder. The strength of the pure HTPB binder analog was challenging to measure using the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) because of its extreme softness, however satisfactory results were obtained at and below room temperature by optimizing the SHPB technique. These measurements provide the basis to develop and validate predictive material strength models for PBXN-110.
Human capital as predictor for entrepreneurial product innovation for countries in different development stages

This thesis investigates the relationship of high education, start-up skills and prior business experience with becoming an entrepreneurial product innovator. This relationship is tested for countries with factor-driven economies, efficiency-driven economies and innovation-driven economies. The relationship is measured with the logit model, with product innovation as dependent variable. Findings from a sample of 14,057 observations of (TEA) entrepreneurs in the year 2009 and 11,564 observations of (TEA) entrepreneurs in the year 2008 from the GEM APS data show that formal high education is positively related to product innovation for countries in all development stages. Previous business ownership has also a positive effect for countries with factor-driven and innovation-driven economies, while start-up skills are insignificant in the overall models. The results show that the individuals and society gain with product innovations if entrepreneurs have higher formal education