Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sleep as a Support for Social Competence, Peer Relations, and Cognitive Functioning in Preschool Children

Evidence that sleep influences social and cognitive adaptation for school-age children and adolescents is accumulating rapidly, but less research focuses on the role of sleep for adaptive functioning during early childhood. We addressed these questions using actigraphy to assess sleep duration, sleep quality, and variability in sleep schedules in relation to a range of social/emotional and cognitive measures, including receptive vocabulary, emotion understanding, peer acceptance, social skills, social engagement, and temperament. Children in a convenience sample (N = 62, 40 boys, mean age = 4.15 yrs, 67% European American) wore actigraphs for 4–7 days, with sleep and wake states determined using Sadeh's scoring algorithm. Older children spent less time in bed at night and ethnic minority children (mostly African Americans) slept less at night and had lower sleep efficiency than did European American ethnic status children. Bivariate relations (controlling for sex, age, and ethnicity) between sleep variables and child adaptation scores showed that sleep duration was positively associated with peer acceptance, social skills, social engagement, receptive vocabulary, and understanding of the causes of emotions. Fewer variables were associated with nighttime sleep quality and variability and these tended to be related to outcome variables suggestive of behavioral and emotional regulation. Results suggest that sleep parameters are broadly implicated in the adjustment of preschool age children.
A 10-gene phylogeny of Solanum section Herpystichum (Solanaceae) and a comparison of phylogenetic methods.

PREMISE OF THE STUDY Solanum section Herpystichum is a lineage that comprises both widespread and very narrowly distributed species. This study investigates the phylogenetic relationships of sect. Herpystichum and evaluates several phylogenetic methods for analysis of multiple sequences. METHODS Sequence data from seven nuclear (ITS, GBSSI, and five COSII) and three plastid (psbA-trnH, trnT-trnF, and trnS-trnG) regions were concatenated and analyzed under maximum parsimony and Bayesian criteria. In addition, we used two analytical methods that take into account differences in topologies resulting from the analyses of the individual markers: Bayesian Estimation of Species Trees (BEST) and supertree analysis. KEY RESULTS The monophyletic Solanum sect. Herpystichum was resolved with moderate support in the concatenated maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses and the supertree analysis, and relationships within the section were well-resolved and strongly supported. The BEST topology, however, was poorly resolved. Also, because of how BEST deals with missing sequences, >25% of our accessions, including two species, had to be excluded from the analyses. Our results indicate a progenitor-descendent relationship with two species nested within the widespread S. evolvulifolium. CONCLUSIONS Analytical methods that consider individual topologies are important for studies based on multiple molecular markers. On the basis of analyses in this study, BEST had the serious shortcoming that taxa with missing sequences must be removed from the analysis or they can produce spurious topologies. Supertree analysis provided a good alternative for our data by allowing the inclusion of all 10 species of sect. Herpystichum.
Chronic nicotine treatment reduces β‐amyloidosis in the brain of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (APPsw)

Alzheimer's disease neuropathology is characterised by β‐amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Inhibition of β‐amyloid accumulation may be essential for effective therapy in Alzheimer's disease. In this study we have treated transgenic mice carrying the Swedish mutation of human amyloid precursor protein [Tg(Hu.APP695.K670N‐M671L)2576], which develop brain β‐amyloid deposits, with nicotine in drinking fluid (200 µg/mL) from 9–14.5 months of age (5.5 months). A significant reduction in amyloid β peptide 1–42 positive plaques by more than 80% (p < 0.03) was observed in the brains of nicotine treated compared to sucrose treated transgenic mice. In addition, there was a selective reduction in extractable amyloid β peptides in nicotine treated mice; cortical insoluble 1–40 and 1–42 peptide levels were lower by 48 and 60%, respectively (p < 0.005), whilst there was no significant change in soluble 1–40 or 1–42 levels. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein was not affected by nicotine treatment. These results indicate that nicotine may effectively reduce amyloid β peptide aggregation in brain and that nicotinic drug treatment may be a novel protective therapy in Alzheimer's disease.
Acute respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation in pregnant patient: A narrative review of literature

Physiological changes of pregnancy imposes higher risk of acute respiratory failure (ARF) with even a slight insult and remains an important cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Although pregnant women have different respiratory physiology and different causes of ARF, guidelines specific to ventilatory settings, goals of oxygenation and weaning process could not be framed due to lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials. During the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, pregnant women had higher morbidity and mortality compared to nonpregnant women. During this period, alternative strategies of ventilation such as high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, inhalational of nitric oxide, prone positioning, and extra corporeal membrane oxygenation were increasingly used as a desperate measure to rescue pregnant patients with severe hypoxemia who were not improving with conventional mechanical ventilation. This article highlights the causes of ARF and recent advances in invasive, noninvasive and alternative strategies of ventilation used during pregnancy.
Constructing an Effective Information Architecture for a Pediatric Cancer Symptom Assessment Tool

We are in the process of creating a classification structure of health concepts (symptoms) that will be used within the user interface of a children's symptom management system called PedsCHOICE. Through studies conducted during the development process, we have learned that there are many factors that influence the structure of the symptom categorization that go beyond the user's cognition and ways of thinking. Restraints such as emotional reactions/acknowledging illness, children's development of motor skills, in addition to children's conceptualizations of categories all affect how a health application should present content.
Full of surprises, or surprisingly not? The peculiar case of Czech Brexit policy

ABSTRACT The article provides a qualitative in-depth analysis of Czech Brexit policy (that is, a Czech policy on Brexit). There are many reasons why one might expect Brexit to be a high-profile, politicized issue in Czech politics. Yet, as the article shows, this has not been the case. Rather, the issue of Brexit in Czech politics has been characterized by a low level of politicization, with the Czech position on Brexit having largely complied with the EU’s united front. Drawing upon the extant literature on Brexit and EU27 member states, the article discusses two main reasons for the low level of politicization of Brexit in Czech politics: (1) the character of Czech bilateral relations with the UK and (2) the degree of the country’s exposure to Brexit implications.
Audit Fees and Corruption

This study examines the relationship between the level of corruption and audit fees. We analyze 41,628 firm year observations on companies from 24 countries with differing but significant levels of corruption between 1998 and 2014. Using audit fees for the sample companies and corruption as defined by Kaufmann (2014) and while controlling for firm and country level variables we find that audit fees increase with higher levels of corruption. We also find that the Big-4 fee premium increases with the level of corruption. Our results are robust to a number of sensitivity tests. Our study addresses a gap in the literature on audit fees and provides a centerpiece for future research in this field.
Ideologias partidárias em 140 caracteres: uso do Twitter pelos parlamentares brasileiros

With increasing use of the Internet, different social and economic groups are appropriating its resources in various ways. As such, politicians have adopted this new media for varying reasons. From an ideological classification of political parties represented in Brazilian Congress, this paper evaluates whether it is a variable that can distinguish federal congressmen’s adoption and use of Twitter. A total of 512 profiles of congressmen who use Twitter to post content and connect with citizens and colleagues from Congress were analysed in December 2013. Twitter’s programming platform was used to collect data on the use of profiles and connections between them and with other social network profiles. This data was related to the ideological classification of different parties. The results show that it is possible to distinguish Twitter groups of different ideologies represented in Congress because they adopted its use at various times, have different levels of popularity, follow congressional colleagues with varying patterns of interest and have diverging activity indicators in the digital environment.
Estimation of Geodetic and Geodynamical Parameters with VieVS

Since 2008 the VLBI group at the Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics at TU Vienna has focused on the development of a new VLBI data analysis software called VieVS (Vienna VLBI Software). One part of the program, currently under development, is a unit for parameter estimation in so-called global solutions, where the connection of the single sessions is done by stacking at the normal equation level. We can determine time independent geodynamical parameters such as Love and Shida numbers of the solid Earth tides. Apart from the estimation of the constant nominal values of Love and Shida numbers for the second degree of the tidal potential, it is possible to determine frequency dependent values in the diurnal band together with the resonance frequency of Free Core Nutation. In this paper we show first results obtained from the 24-hour IVS R1 and R4 sessions.
Servicing industrial machinery: Challenges using wireless identification and networked sensing systems

Servicing industrial machinery and automation systems over their life targets at fast response and fast resolution. It requires skills, engineering knowledge and various data about the machine, its industrial environment, data from automation systems in the plant and historical information, which needs to be collected, correlated and analyzed. The advent of tiny smart devices such as RFID and networked wireless sensing nodes are promising and challenging for use in servicing industrial equipment. In this paper we identify fundamental challenges and requirements for establishing wireless networked sensing systems for industrial service applications. We further report on first design considerations for developing practical solutions and experiences from using prototypes in a test bed.
On Multicasting in Underwater Acoustic Networks

Even though underwater acoustic communication suffers from long propagation delays and has very limited bandwidth, it still plays a key role in supporting long-distance, low-power communication in underwater sensor networks. Many previous studies have tried to mitigate the impact of long propagation delays, but recently, the focus has shifted from mitigating to exploiting large propagation delays. In this paper, we consider an underwater acoustic network which employs a time- division based scheduling strategy and supports multicasting, meaning that packets may have multiple destinations. In this context, we establish an upper bound on the throughput of a general multicasting network, and study networks which can achieve this bound. We also study the throughput of ring networks (in which nodes are uniformly located on a circle) and give some examples and schedules which achieve the maximum possible throughput. Finally, we explore the properties of valid, perfect, and fair slot schedules for ring networks.
Intensive Diabetes Management in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: The Importance of Intensive Follow-up

Minimal information exists on the education and follow-up required to successfully initiate intensive diabetes management (IDM) in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. We performed a retrospective analysis of HbA1c 3 and 15 months after initiation of IDM in two cohorts: (1) 17 patients who received individualised education in IDM and intensive early follow-up, and (2) 11 patients who participated in group education for initiation of IDM with standard follow-up. Entry HbA1c was higher in the individualised education patients (9.5 +/- 0.3% [mean +/- SE] versus 8.2 +/- 0.4%, p = 0.02). After 3 months of IDM, HbA1c improved in both cohorts reaching similar levels (individualised: 7.0 +/- 0.1%, p < 0.0001 vs entry; group: 7.3 +/- 0.2%, p = 0.05). During the following year, with routine follow-up for both cohorts, HbA1c levels rose approximately 1% as patients reverted to a multiple daily injection regimen. Irrespective of the educational approach, we believe maintenance of IDM and optimal HbA1c requires long-term intensive follow-up.
Morphologic Changes of the Uteroplacental Unit in Preeclampsia-Like Syndrome in Rats

Objective: Chronic administration of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME) induces a preeclampsia-like syndrome in rats. This animal study aims to determine whether L-NAME–induced preeclampsia-like syndrome is also associated with morphologic changes in the uteroplacental unit. Methods. Mating was induced in 20 adult Sprague-Dawley rats. On day 14, five pregnant rats were randomly assigned to receive L-NAME, whereas six served as controls. Weight, continuous blood pressure, urine volume, urine protein content, litter size, number of resorption sites, placental weight, and weight of pups were documented. Uteroplacental tissue of three L-NAME and three control animals were processed for microscopy using corrosion cast technique. Results. The L-NAME–treated animals had a significantly smaller litter size (p = .033) and a significantly higher number of resorption sites (p = .021) when compared to controls. In L-NAME–treated rats midlength inner-diameter of maternal arterial channels (p < .001) and cross-sectional area (p < .001) were significantly smaller than were those incontrols. Conclusions. Chronic administration of L-NAME to pregnant rats is associated with significant morphologic changes of the uteroplacental vasculature. The L-NAME–induced pathologic alterations resulted in decreased litter size and increased number of resorption sites that may be contributed to diminished uteroplacental perfusion.
A Clinical Study of Serum Primidone Levels

The serum half‐life of primidone was determined in 6 subjects and was found to be 10 to 12 hours. In 2 subjects who were taking phenobarbital, no difference in the absorption curve and serum half‐life of primidone was noted. This suggests that phenobarbital does not influence the half‐life of primidone. No detectable phenobarbital was present in the serum of the volunteer subjects following the single 500 mg dose of primidone, even up to 48 hours. This suggests that the bioconversion of primidone to phenobarbital occurs slowly. On the other hand, clinic subjects who were taking primidone chronically with no barbiturate showed a mean phenobarbital level 3 times higher than the primidone level. This could be explained by an increasing rate of biotransformation of primidone to phenobarbital following chronic administration. However, a low transformation rate and the marked difference in the serum half‐life of phenobarbital and primidone could also explain the results. Toxic side effects similar to those attributed to phenobarbital and diphenylhydantoin were seen in the volunteer subjects even though these drugs were not present in their serum. In addition, data from a small group of clinic patients suggest that ataxia, somnolence and lethargy could be attributed to high primidone levels. Data relating the mean and range of primidone levels to daily dose are presented as a guide for evaluating the status of an individual patient. A significant increase in blood level with increasing dose was present. Some data relevant to the therapeutic serum level of primidone are presented. They suggest that a serum level below 10–12 μg/ml should be maintained, as the risk of side effects increases greatly above this level. There was no evidence from the present study to suggest that higher levels would be associated with an increase in seizure control.
Physical insights on the dynamic response of junctionless nanowire transistors

The aim of this work is to present, for the first time, an analysis of the maximum oscillation frequency (fmax) presented by Junctionless Nanowire Transistors (JNTs) as well as its impact and the carriers transit time on the minimum switching time of these devices. It has been observed that despite presenting lower fmax than inversion mode devices, fmax of JNTs is benefited by its lower capacitances along a large interval in its operation range. Also, it has been shown that the transit time can significantly influence on the minimum switching time of long devices, since it can be larger than the minimum oscillation time, what does not occur in shorter JNTs.
On the model theory of denumerably long formulas with finite strings of quantifiers

In this paper we prove infinitary analogues of model-theoretic results known for finitary logic. The infinitary language we deal with is Lω1ω which is roughly described by saying that, in addition to the usual formation rules of the lower predicate calculus with identity, also the formation of the conjunction and disjunction of countably many formulas is allowed.
TET2 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML): results from a comprehensive genetic and clinical analysis of the AML study group.

PURPOSE The tet oncogene family member 2 (TET2) gene was recently identified to be mutated in myeloid disorders including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To date, there is increasing evidence for a functional role of TET2 mutations (TET2(mut)) in AML. Thus, we explored the frequency, gene-expression pattern, and clinical impact of TET2(mut) in a large cohort of patients with AML in the context of other AML-associated aberrations. PATIENTS AND METHODS Samples from 783 younger adult patients with AML were analyzed for the presence of TET2(mut) (coding exons 3 to 11), and results were correlated with data from molecular genetic analyses, gene-expression profiling, and clinical outcome. RESULTS In total, 66 TET2(mut) were found in 60 patients (60 of 783 patients; 7.6%), including missense (n = 37), frameshift (n = 16), and nonsense (n = 13) mutations, which, with one exception, were all heterozygous. TET2(mut) were not correlated with distinct clinical features or genetic alterations, except for isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations (IDH(mut)) that were almost mutually exclusive with TET2(mut) (P < .001). TET2(mut) were characterized by only a weak gene-expression pattern, which, nevertheless, reflected TET2(mut)-associated biology. TET2(mut) did not impact the response to induction therapy and clinical outcome; the combination of patients who exhibited TET2(mut) and/or IDH(mut) revealed shorter overall survival (P = .03), although this association was not independent from known risk factors. CONCLUSION TET2(mut) were identified in 7.6% of younger adult patients with AML and did not impact the response to therapy and survival. Mutations were mutually exclusive with IDH(mut), which supported recent data on a common mechanism of action that might obscure the impact of TET2(mut) if compared against all other patients with AML.
Does medical antireflux therapy improve asthma in asthmatics with gastroesophageal reflux?: a critical review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE Identify and critically review the peer-reviewed, English-language studies of the effects of medical antireflux therapy in asthmatics with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). DESIGN Using the 1966 to 1996 MEDLINE database, asthma was combined with GER to identify all studies of the effects of medical antireflux therapy on asthma control. The articles' bibliographies were also reviewed. Studies were graded according to Sackett's criteria and grouped by levels of evidence. RESULTS A total of 242 citations were found; 171 were published in English. Twelve studies of the effects of medical antireflux therapy on asthma control, with a total of 326 treated patients, were identified. Eight studies were placebo-controlled, three were open studies, and one used an untreated control. Eight studies treated 20 or fewer patients. Reflux symptoms either did not improve or the effects of antireflux therapy on them were not reported in four studies. The combined data from the controlled medical antireflux studies showed that: (1) asthma symptoms improved in 69% of the subjects; (2) asthma medication use was reduced in 62% of the subjects; (3) evening peak expiratory flow (PEF), but not PEF at other times, improved in 26% of the subjects; and (4) spirometry did not improve in any of the placebo-controlled antireflux studies. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the combined data suggests that medical antireflux therapy improves asthma symptoms, may reduce asthma medication use, but has minimal or no effect on lung function.
The state of enterprise network traffic in 2012

Timely and accurate studies on the composition and nature of the Internet are crucial for continued research and innovation. The aim of this research is to aid and service emulated and simulated research methods where realism is dependent on the accuracy of Internet statistics. This study has captured anonymised, and analysed Internet traffic entering and exiting a university network. Passive measurement techniques are used to discover the mean and distribution of packet sizes. A range of Network and Transport layer statistics, such as DCSP, SACK, ECN, MSS usage, Window Scaling and Timestamps are also investigated. Active measurement techniques are used to determine Round Trip Times (RTTs) and the number of lost and misordered packets. Prior work is leveraged to explore changes in the composition and nature of the Internet over the last 10 years.
Extracapsular spread

The presence of nodal metastases remains the most significant predictive factor for regional recurrence and survival in patients treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Survival rates are further decreased in patients with nodal metastases that have spread beyond the lymph node capsule, or extracapsular spread (ECS). To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on the impact of ECS in a large series of patients treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue (SCCOT) at a single institution using surgery as the primary treatment modality.
Does User Search Behaviour Mediate User Knowledge and Search Satisfaction ?

Information searching in web environment is habitually tedious and challenging task. Rapid growth of web information infrastructure has led to the rapid publication of information on web environment. Too many information publish on web cause information overload problem that preclude the success of information searching. Thus, reduce the search satisfaction. This study has identified that user knowledge lead to user search behaviour and user search behaviour lead to search satisfaction. This paper discusses the investigation empirically through the search log analysis and questionnaire. The respondents were among the students at a local university in Malaysia. The findings support that the user search behaviour has a mediator effect on the relationship between the user knowledge and search satisfaction.