Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ectomesenchymal Chondromyxoid Tumor of the Anterior Tongue: Nineteen Cases of a New Clinicopathologic Entity

We present 19 cases of a previously undescribed myxoid tumor of the anterior tongue. These lesions occurred in nine women and 10 men aged 9 to 78 years (median, 32 years). Most tumors were seen as slow growing, painless nodules in the anterior dorsal tongue. The duration of growth ranged from a few months of 10 years. All tumors were treated by surgical excision, and two recurred. Microscopically, they exhibited a lobular proliferation of ovoid and fusiform cells, which often had multilobated nuclei and occasional foci of atypia, in a chondromyxoid background. Some tumors entrapped muscle or nerve fibers and had a tendency for blunt infiltration of adjacent tissue. The cells were diffusely and intensely immunore active for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and cytokeratin but were decorated less frequently with antibodies for smooth muscle actin and S-100 protein. Reactivity for epithelial membrane antigen and desmin was not found. We believe these tumors fail to meet established clinicopathologic criteria for any existing myxoid neoplasms of the tongue, including nerve sheath myxoma, myoepithelioma, benign mixed tumor, ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts, extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, and glial and chondroid choristomas or heterotopias. Although the histogenesis of this neoplasm is unclear, we suspect that a cell of undifferentiated ectomesenchyme is the progenitor and suggest the descriptive term ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor (ECT) of the the anterior tongue be adopted.
OSPF routing protocol performance in Software Defined Networks

Software Defined networks (SDNs) paradigm tries to improve the network performance, facilitating the network management and the scalability basing on open-source software and adding a new entity called controller that manages the entire network. One of the goals of the controller is taking decisions in regards to routing instead of distributing it among the network nodes, as usual. However, this field inside SDN needs more work because it is not clearly defined how the traditional routing protocols will work over a SDN. Thus, in this paper, we analyze how a dynamic routing protocol as Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) works in a SDN. The study analyzes the stability of network through parameters as convergence time and round trip time (RTT) and the quality of service (QoS) when a video is streamed between end devices. The results have been compared with a traditional network in order to evaluate the similarity in terms of stability and performance. Results show that, despite the proposal uses an OSPF implementation that does not have a performance as good as the traditional solution in terms of convergence time, with the SDN proposed we get better performance in terms of Quality of Service.
ICSH recommendations for identification, diagnostic value, and quantitation of schistocytes

Schistocytes are fragments of red blood cells (RBCs) produced by extrinsic mechanical damage within the circulation. The detection of schistocytes is an important morphological clue to the diagnosis of thrombotic microangiopathic anemia (TMA). Reporting criteria between different laboratories, however, are not uniform, owing to variability of shape and nature of fragments, as well as subjectivity and heterogeneity in their morphological assessment. Lack of standardization may lead to inconsistency or misdiagnosis, thereby affecting treatment and clinical outcome. The Schistocyte Working Group of the International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) has prepared specific recommendations to standardize schistocyte identification, enumeration, and reporting. They deal with the type of smear, method of counting, morphological description based on positive criteria (helmet cells, small, irregular triangular, or crescent‐shaped cells, pointed projections, and lack of central pallor). A schistocyte count has a definite clinical value for the diagnosis of TMA in the absence of additional severe red cell shape abnormalities, with a confident threshold value of 1%. Automated counting of RBC fragments is also recommended by the ICSH Working Group as a useful complement to the microscope, according to the high predictive value of negative results, but worthy of further research and with limits in quantitation.
Ant Community Evolution According to Aging in Brazilian Cocoa Tree Plantations

Agriculture is frequently held accountable for the depletion of biotic diversity, although a few agroforestry systems support the conservation of a number of organisms. Cocoa farming is noteworthy as an example of an agricultural activity that benefits or maintains species richness. However, the mechanism by which the biodiversity persists throughout the entire process of plant development remains obscure. In Southeastern Bahia, Brazil, cacao tree plantations support the conservation of a large amount of organisms native to the Atlantic Forest, between them the ants. This study aims at recording the relationship between cocoa tree development and ant community structure. The experiment was carried out in a series of six cocoa tree plantations aged one, three, four, eight, fifteen and 33 years, distributed across the experimental grounds of the Cocoa Research Center at Ilhéus. 1,500 ant samples were collected using the sampling techniques: hand collection, honey and sardine baits, entomological blanket and “pitfall”. Highest values for diversity and richness were reported in the 15-years-old cocoa plantation. No significant correlations between diversity, richness or plant age were reported. Considering the faunistic composition, a statistical similarity was observed between the plantations close in age to one another. Plant aging did not exert any influence on the diversity gradient and richness in the succession process of the ant community. In young plantations, there are low differences between the ants found on the ground and the ones found on the young cocoa trees. In older plantations, the ant community divides in two distinct assemblages on the ground and on the trees. The variations observed in the ant community along the plant development were likely caused by the structural organization of the dominant species mosaic.
Activating PIK3CA somatic mutation in congenital unilateral isolated muscle overgrowth of the upper extremity

Congenital unilateral overgrowth of the upper extremity affecting only the muscle tissue is rare. We describe on the clinical, histopathological, and neuroimaging findings in a 6‐year‐old girl with a congenital, non‐progressive muscle enlargement of the entire left upper limb with an ipsilateral hand deformity. No cutaneous stigmata or additional features were detected. Sanger sequencing for the AKT1, PIK3CA, and PTEN genes identified an activating c.3140A>G, p.H1047R mutation in the PIK3CA gene from the affected muscle DNA. We demonstrate that isolated congenital muscular upper limb overgrowth with aberrant hand muscles is another condition related genetically to the PIK3CA‐related overgrowth spectrum. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Translational control of human neutrophil responses by MNK1

A growing number of inflammatory and immune processes in vivo have been shown to be influenced by neutrophil‐derived cytokines. Whereas the underlying transcriptional mechanisms are increasingly well understood, the translational regulation of this neutrophil response remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that the MNK1, which participates in translational control in several cell types, is activated in response to physiological neutrophil agonists (LPS, TNF‐α) in the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments. With the use of various pharmacological inhibitors, we found that MNK1 activation takes place downstream of the TAK1‐p38 MAPK axis in neutrophils, whereas the MEK/ERK, JNK, PI3K, and PKC pathways are not involved. Pharmacological blockade of MNK1, as well as overexpression experiments, established that cytokine protein synthesis (but not gene expression) is under the control of MNK1 in neutrophils. Likewise, MNK1 inhibition reversed the antiapoptotic effect of LPS and TNF‐α in neutrophils, and this was accompanied by a decreased expression of the antiapoptotic protein Mcl‐1. Thus, MNK1 appears to be an important regulator of neutrophil responses. Although MNK1 inhibition did not affect protein recruitment to mRNA caps, it decreased the phosphorylation of molecules implicated in translation initiation control, such as S6K, S6, and hyperphosphorylated 4E‐BP1. These molecular targets of MNK1 are shared with those of PI3K in neutrophils, and accordingly, MNK1 inhibition partially impaired the belated PI3K/Akt activation elicited by LPS or TNF in these cells. Given the importance of neutrophils and their products in numerous chronic inflammatory disorders, MNK1 could represent an attractive therapeutic target.
Frequency of Abnormal Scores on the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery Screening Module (S-NAB) in a Mixed Neurological Sample

The Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB; Stern & White, 2003; White & Stern, 2003) is a comprehensive, modular battery of tests comprised of the following six modules: (a) Screening, (b) Attention, (c) Language, (d) Memory, (e) Spatial, and (f) Executive Functions. The Screening Module is an abbreviated version of the full NAB. The purpose of this descriptive study was to present index and primary test score information for the Screening Module in a mixed sample of patients with known neurological conditions. Participants were 37 outpatients with clear evidence of neurological damage or disease. Performance decrements were found on the Attention Index, most notably on the Numbers and Letters tests. Decrements were also found on the Executive Functions Index, most notably on the Word Generation test. Somewhat surprisingly, patients performed well across most of the individual test scores. This mixed clinical sample showed less neuropsychological compromise than the clinical samples presented in the NAB manual.
Visibility and Voice

In Canada, cultural safety (CS) is emerging as a theoretical and practice lens to orient health care services to meet the needs of Aboriginal people. Evidence suggests Aboriginal peoples’ encounters with health care are commonly negative, and there is concern that these experiences can contribute to further adverse health outcomes. In this article, we report findings based on participatory action research drawing on Indigenous methods. Our project goal was to interrogate practices within one hospital to see whether and how CS for Aboriginal patients could be improved. Interviews with Aboriginal patients who had accessed hospital services were conducted, and responses were collated into narrative summaries. Using interlocking analysis, findings revealed a number of processes operating to produce adverse health outcomes. One significant outcome is the production of structural violence that reproduces experiences of institutional trauma. Positive culturally safe experiences, although less frequently reported, were described as interpersonal interactions with feelings visibility and therefore, treatment as a “human being. ”
Are Taxes Beautiful? A Survey Experiment on Information, Tax Choice and Perceived Adequacy of the Tax Burden

We report results from a survey experiment aimed at testing whether providing information on the national public expenditure to the taxpayers and whether involving them in the process of allocating tax revenues over public goods influence the level of the adequate tax rate - the fraction of income that individuals consider adequate to pay as taxes. We find that providing information on public expenditure does not influence the level of the adequate tax rate. On the contrary, the level of the adequate tax rate substantially increases when taxpayers can get to choose the public goods to finance through their taxation.
Differential Expression of a Stress-modulating Gene, BRE, in the Adrenal Gland, in Adrenal Neoplasia, and in Abnormal Adrenal Tissues

Genes that modulate the action of hormones and cytokines play a critical role in stress response, survival, and in growth and differentiation of cells. Many of these biological response modifiers are responsible for various pathological conditions, including inflammation, infection, cachexia, aging, genetic disorders, and cancer. We have previously identified a new gene, BRE, that is responsive to DNA damage and retinoic acid. Using multiple-tissue dot-blotting and Northern blotting, BRE was recently found to be strongly expressed in adrenal cortex and medulla, in testis, and in pancreas, whereas low expression was found in the thyroid, thymus, small intestine and stomach. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining indicated that BRE was strongly expressed in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex, which synthesizes and secretes the mineralocorticoid hormones. It is also highly expressed in the glial and neuronal cells of the brain and in the round spermatids, Sertoli cells, and Ledig cells of the testis, all of which are associated with steroid hormones and/or TNF synthesis. However, BRE expression was downregulated in human adrenal adenoma and pheochromocytoma, whereas its expression was enhanced in abnormal adrenal tissues of rats chronically treated with nitrate or nitrite. These data, taken together, indicate that the expression of BRE is apparently associated with steroids and/or TNF production and the regulation of endocrine functions. BRE may play an important role in the endocrine and immune system, such as the cytokine–endocrine interaction of the adrenal gland.
Face Recognition Based Person Specific Identification for Video Surveillance Applications

Face detection is an important aspect for applications like biometrics, video surveillance and human computer interaction. Videos provide abundant information and also that can be leveraged by temporal variations in pose, expression changes and occlusion. These challenging problems motivate to identify the specific person by face recognition for video surveillance applications. This paper presents face detection and recognition algorithm to identify/recognize the wanted person in a surveillance video. First, face detection is done by 'Viola-Jones' algorithm. Subsequently, the detected face has been cropped to recognize the specific person's face. For the cropped faces, clustering is applied to cluster the face parts. For the detected face parts HOG and LBP features are obtained. Existing approaches use Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and Local Binary Pattern (LBP) separately to recognize face in static images. The contribution of the work is to implement HOG and LBP for surveillance video and combine both the features to address the issues such as pose variations, illumination changes, expression changes and occlusion for face recognition. SVM classifier is used to classify the weak and strong features and strong features are used to recognize the person. The proposed algorithm has been tested on various datasets and its performance is found to be good in most cases. Experimental results show that the method of detection and recognition achieves very encouraging results with good accuracy and simple computations.
4 Assortment Optimization for the Two Product Nonparametric Choice Model

We study two different choice models that capture the purchasing behavior of customers who only consider purchasing one of two substitutable products. We refer to these customers as choosy. The first choice model captures substitution behavior through probabilistic transitions between products. Under this choice model, a customer’s buying process can be captured in two steps: an arrival with the intention of purchasing a product and a single transition to a substitute product if the initial product is unavailable. We refer to this choice model as the Two Step choice model. The second choice model that we study assumes each customer is characterized by a ranking of the products. An arriving customer will purchase her highest ranked product that is offered. Since we model choosy customers, we assume that these rankings contain at most two products. We call this second model the Two Product Nonparametric choice model. This paper focuses on the assortment optimization problem under these two choice models. In this problem, the retailer wants to find the revenue maximizing set of products to offer when the buying process of each customer is governed by either the Two Step or Two Product Nonparametric choice model. Under both choice models, we give hardness results for the assortment problem, and motivated by these hardness results, we develop novel approximation schemes. Through a series of computational experiments, we show that the approximation schemes are easy to implement, efficient to run, and perform significantly better than their theoretical guarantees.
A study of the thickness of cheek teeth subocclusal secondary dentine in horses of different ages.

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY There is limited knowledge on the thickness of subocclusal secondary dentine in equine cheek teeth (CT). HYPOTHESES Subocclusal secondary dentine is of consistent thickness above different pulp horns in individual horses and its thickness increases with age. METHODS 408 permanent CT were extracted post mortem from 17 horses aged 4-30 years, with no history of dental disease. The CT were sectioned longitudinally in the medio-lateral (bucco-palatal/lingual) plane through each pulp horn, and the thickness of the secondary dentine overlying each pulp horn was measured directly. RESULTS The subocclusal thickness of secondary dentine above the pulp horns of CT varied from a mean thickness (above all pulp horns) of 12.8 mm (range 5-33 mm) in a 4-year-old to 7.5 mm (range 2-24 mm) in a 16-year-old horse. There was wide variation in the depth of subocclusal secondary dentine above different pulp horns, even within the same CT. In contrast to expectations, occlusal secondary dentine thickness did not increase with age. There were no significant differences in occlusal secondary dentine thickness between rostral and caudal, or medial and lateral aspects of the CT, or between contralateral CT. Mandibular CT had significantly thicker subocclusal secondary dentine than maxillary CT. Pink coloured secondary dentine was sometimes found 1-3 mm occlusal to the pulp horn in sectioned CT and this was likely caused by artefactual blood staining from the underlying pulp during sectioning. CONCLUSIONS The thickness of subocclusal secondary dentine varies greatly between individual pulp horns, teeth and individual horses and can be as low as 2 mm over individual pulp horns. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE Due to the great variation in the thickness of subocclusal secondary dentine between horses, and even between pulp horns in individual CT, there is a risk of exposure or thermal damage to pulp and thus of apical infection, even with modest therapeutic reductions of CT occlusal overgrowths. In the light of these findings, great care should be taken when reducing equine CT overgrowths and larger dental overgrowths should be reduced in stages.
FCR and bevacizumab treatment in patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) often achieve response with chemoimmunotherapy but have short remission durations. Studies have shown that patients with CLL have increased angiogenesis in the microenvironment; levels of proangiogenic growth factors such as VEGF and/or angiopoietin‐2 are also elevated. Increased angiogenesis correlates with poor outcome in CLL. Bevacizumab (B) is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting VEGF‐A.
Validation of Confocal Micro-PIV Technique by Poiseuille Flow Measurement

This paper presents a micro-PIV measurement technique using confocal microscopy, "confocal micro-PIV", and its application to Poiseuille flow. We have evaluated the performance and measurement accuracy of the confocal micro-PIV system through the simple Poiseuille flow measurement. Using the confocal micro-PIV system, we can measure the velocity field in the region of 240times180 mum with the depth-of-field of 1.88 mum The steady pressure-driven flow in a capillary with the diameter of 100 mum was measured using the confocal micro-PIV technique. The measurement results were compared with the theoretical solution of the Poiseuille flow in order to validate the measurement accuracy. The most dominant factor of measurement uncertainty is the effect of the Brownian motion of tracer particles. The effect of Brownian motion can be eliminated successfully by means of ensemble averaging method. The confocal micro-PIV is an accurate and useful method for the measurement of steady microscale flow
Understanding the experience of prophylactic bilateral mastectomy: a qualitative study of ten women

Prophylactic bilateral mastectomy represents a new and controversial cancer prevention strategy for women at high‐risk of familial breast cancer, the psychosocial implications of which are yet to be fully explored. A qualitative methodology was therefore adopted to provide a discovery‐orientated study of the perspectives of ten women who had undergone prophylactic mastectomy and the views of eight of their partners. Each participant was interviewed with the aim of exploring the personal experiences of surgery, factors associated with psychological adjustment and the impact on the family.
The DRD3 rs6280 polymorphism and prevalence of tardive dyskinesia: A meta‐analysis

To elucidate a widely suspected but inconclusive association between rs6280 in the dopamine receptor 3 gene (DRD3) and prevalence of tardive dyskinesia (TD), we conducted a meta‐analysis of studies obtained in a systematic search of several bibliographic systems. We conducted several analyses of funnel plot asymmetry, overall heterogeneity, and study characteristics in analyses analogous to general, dominant and recessive inheritance models with the prevalence odds ratio (POR) as the measure of association. Thirteen eligible studies were identified with publication dates between 1997 and 2008. Evidence of funnel plot asymmetry was discerned in the dominant and general model analyses, but not in the recessive model analysis. Stratified analyses indicated that publication year, TD assessment method (Schooler–Kane criteria or other) and TD assessment frequency (single or repeated) were important study characteristics associated with heterogeneous PORs across studies. Studies conducted among patients with older age, fewer women or European (compared with Asian) ancestry reported stronger average PORs. Summary POR estimates under the dominant and general inheritance models were not warranted due to funnel plot asymmetry and heterogeneity. Under the recessive model, the summary estimate was POR = 0.93 (95% confidence interval: 0.70–1.23). We conclude that there is no or little association between DRD3 rs6280 polymorphisms and prevalence of TD. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.