Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictors of distress in hospital physicians: protective and vulnerability factors

This study investigates the relationship between protective and vulnerability factors affecting health (distress) in medical staff. Participants were 127 doctors from four public hospitals, who were administered the Occupational Stress in Health Professionals Inventory, the Ways of Cop- ing Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Symptom Check- list-90 Revised Questionnaire, and the Flow Trait Scale-2. Following the methodology of Partial Least Squares modeling (PLS), an explanation is given for distress in hospital physicians, where the avoidance coping strat- egy produces distress directly ( = .296) and indirectly ( = .139) through its influence on the increase of burnout ( = .314), which in turn is in- creased by occupational stress ( = .209). Professional flow, measured by professional efficacy and flow, acts as a good protector against distress ( = -.133), partly compensating the effects of the variables which have an increasing impact on an individual"s distress (GoF = .983). To sum up, when trying to predict a physician"s distress, four key elements should be considered: avoidance coping and its indirect effect through burnout on distress; the burnout construct itself and professional flow.
Gastro-intestinal Parasites of Assamese Macaque (Macaca assamensis Hodgson, 1840) in Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park, Kathmandu, Nepal

The macaque is a member of the sub family Cercopithecinae and family Cercopithecidae of primate order of mammalian class. Among five species of monkeys reported from Nepal, Assamese Macaque is one of the less common primate species. A total of 85 fresh faecal samples of Assamese Macaque ( Macaca assamensis ) were collected from Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park (SNNP), Kathmandu, Nepal. All the samples were macroscopically as well as microscopically examined to identify the distribution of gastrointestinal parasites using faecal floatation and Sedimentation techniques. The result revealed the distribution of three species of protozoan and seven species of helminthes parasite among Assamese Macaque of SNNP with the prevalence rate of 72.94% (62/85). Among protozoan parasites, Balantidium coli showed the highest prevalence (28.24%) followed by Entamoeba sp. (20%), and Isospora sp. (3.53%). Ascaris sp. was found to be distributed maximum (10.58%) among helminth parasites followed by Trichuris sp. (9.41%), Strongyloides sp . (8.24%), Moniezia sp. (8.24%), Oesophagostomum sp . (4.7%), Hookworm (4.7%) and Physeloptera sp. (1.17%). The present study highlights the necessity of considering parasitic diseases as one of the threat in conservation of Assamese Macaque. Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, 2014, 19(2): 53-57
FINANCING OBSTACLES OF SMALL ENTERPRISES - EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

Small enterprises are the driving force of any economy, and the engine of economic growth in both developed countries and countries in transition. One of the problems that small enterprises and entrepreneurs face is the lack of financial resources, or difficult access to them, for starting and financing the development of their entrepreneurial venture. The aim of the paper is to analyze the financing difficulties of small enterprises and entrepreneurs in the Republic of Serbia. 167 enterprises were surveyed and their responses were grouped into three groups depending on the size of an enterprise: small enterprises and entrepreneurs, medium enterprises and large enterprises so that by comparing the obtained results we could determine the differences in attitudes depending on the size of an enterprise and prove that small enterprises have limited access to financial resources. The research investigated financing constraints, financial services and approved loan conditions in relation to the size of an enterprise. The results showed statistically significant differences between small, medium and large enterprises in the majority of the observed parameters and that small enterprises and entrepreneurs have difficult access to financial resources.
Biodiversity assessment for coastal fish communities in the Baltic Sea

Biodiversity becomes of increasing concern in management of marine ecosystems. Measures of biodiversity are numerous and have been largely developed. Biodiversity can be partitioned in different components that indicate, for example, spatial and temporal changes in any communities. Coastal fish communities in the Swedish Baltic Sea have a key role in ecosystem functioning and provide many ecosystem services. Therefore, monitoring biodiversity is essential as fish communities are under anthropogenic and environmental threats. In this study, Swedish coastal fish biodiversity is assessed at different spatial and temporal levels using alpha, beta and gamma diversities. Furthermore, as size is an important trait in fish ecology and is closely related to functions, biodiversity measures have also been estimated using size-classes instead of species. While alpha and gamma diversities have higher diversity in size-class than in taxonomic classification, the opposite is observed in beta diversities. Overall, no clear spatial pattern following the north-south environmental gradient characterizing differences between areas is found, suggesting that other factors might influence biodiversity along the Swedish coast. However, beta diversities show diversity in species composition and regime dominance within area, especially in southern Sweden. Beta diversity at year level showed that coastal fish communities have been quite stable these last eleven years but with some changes. Such comparison between species- and size-based diversity provide additional information on biodiversity in the Baltic Sea and could help for management and future investigation.
CYTOGENOTOXICITY EVALUATION OF WATER CONTAMI- NATED WITH SOME TEXTILE AZO DYES USING RAPD MARK- ERS AND CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS OF ONION (Allium cepa) ROOT CELLS

The Allium cepa assay is an efficient test for chemical screening and in situ monitoring for genotoxicity of environmental contaminants. This test has been used widely to study genotoxicity of many chemicals pollutions revealing that these compounds can induce chromosomal aberrations in root meristems of Allium cepa. In this study, we aimed to determine genotoxic effects of some textile azo dyes by using the Allium cepa chromosome aberrations test and random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses. The onion (Allium cepa L.) roots were exposed to different concentrations of three textile azo dyes. The mitotic index of samples exposed to EC50 (500 μg/ml) of selected azo dyes for RLB, RN and SGL was 10.8, 10.3 and 8.8, respectively. The results indicated that the root length of Allium cepa reduced with an increasing azo dye concentration. A random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis from the extracted DNA was carried out using ten 10-base pair random primers. Ten primers produced 54 bands between 100-1600 base pairs in gel electrophoresis. The number of disappearing bands in profiles was differenced from one to five bands of azo dyes treatment compared to total bands in control and new bands were appeared in treatments. Obtained results from this study revealed that the total chromosomal aberrations and RAPD profiles were performed as useful tool for detection and biomarker assays for the evaluation of genotoxic effects on textile azo dyes polluted plants.
Novel methods for inferring future changes in extreme rainfall over Northern Europe

Empirical studies show that observed frequencies nP for a daily precipitation amount P can be approximated by nP ∝ e mP , with negative values for the exponential coefficient m. The para- meter m describes the mean (μ) or any quantile for variables following such exponential distributions. The coefficient m varies from location to location, and exhibits a systematic relationship with local mean temperature and precipitation as well as other geographical parameters. A general linear model can be utilised to model μ directly from local climate conditions and geography. Estimates of m and μ from local climatic conditions allow an estimation of extreme values in the form of high per- centiles. Given changes in the mean local climate, it is possible to infer changes in the upper per- centiles. A new multi-model ensemble of the most recent climate simulations, carried out for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change fourth assessment report (IPCC AR4), has been sub- jected to empirical-statistical downscaling, and provides best estimates for the continuing trends in mean temperatures and precipitation in northern Europe. These scenarios are used in conjunction with (1) the established relationship between the exponential coefficient m on the distribution func- tion, and (2) local mean temperature and precipitation for 2050, to infer changes in the 95th per- centiles of the rainfall for 2050. Two new independent analyses point towards an increase in the number of extreme precipitation events and a slight change in the number of rainy days over large parts of the Nordic countries. The projected increase was found to be sensitive to to the choice of predictors used to model the geographical dependency, rather than to the choice of method.
Perceived Teacher Self-Efficacy of Teacher Candidates Enrolled in the Pedagogical Formation Certificate Program

This study aims to determine the variables affecting teacher candidates’ perceived self-efficacy levels. The study was conducted with 560 students who attended the pedagogical formation programs, a type of teacher training program, run by two different universities in Turkey during the academic year of 2016-2017. The data was obtained by Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale, developed by Tschannen-Moran and Hoy (2001) and adopted to Turkish by Capa, Cakiroglu and Sarikaya (2005). SPSS package program was used for data analysis, and percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, independent groups t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD test were used for the analysis of data. According to the study findings, candidates’ views on self-efficacy differ according to their ages, sexes, universities, settlements they have lived the longest, faculties and mother’s education level while their self-efficacy views did not differ according to their own and father’s education level. As the teacher candidates’ ages increased, their self-efficacy also increased. Males compared to females, Kafkas University’s students compared to Nigde Omer Halisdemir University’s students, the students who have lived in metropolises the longest compared to others, students from faculties who accept students with ability exams compared to other faculties considered themselves more efficacious about teaching.
Etude de la transformation plasmidique naturelle d'Escherichia coli et de ses relations éventuelles avec la compétence programmée pour la transformation génétique et la compétence dite nutritionnelle

Bien que la bacterie Escherichia coli ne soit pas connue pour etre naturellement transformable, mon travail de these montre que l'on peut obtenir des transformants plasmidiques spontanement sur boite. Cette transformation n'est pas induite par les cations divalents au contraire de la transformation ‘artificielle chimique’ (Sun et al. , FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 2006. 265: 249–255). Les bacteries transformables utilisent une machinerie proteique transmembranaire, evolutivement conservee, pour internaliser l'ADN exogene sous forme simple brin. E. Coli possede l'ensemble des genes codant pour cette machinerie. J'ai inactive les genes cles de cette machinerie, dont hofQ (canal transmembranaire externe) et ycaI (canal transmembranaire interne), et observe qu'aucun de ces mutants n'est affecte pour la transformation sur boite. L'ADN plasmidique ne penetre donc pas via la machinerie de transformation, mais plutot sous forme double brin ce que suggerent les courbes de reponse a la concentration d'ADN (Sun et al. , J. Bacteriol. 2009. 191: 713-719). Le troisieme volet de ma these a consiste a tenter de mieux caracteriser un phenomene appele 'competence nutritionnelle', appellation qui designe la capacite d'utiliser l'ADN comme source de carbone. Pour etablir si differents genes de la machinerie de transformation etaient impliques, j'ai cherche a reproduire les experiences publiees de croissance de la souche ZK126 sur milieu minimum M63 contenant de l'ADN. Malgre de nombreuses tentatives et controles, je n'ai pas pu reproduire ces experiences, ce qui m'a amene a clore mon memoire de these par une discussion critique des donnees publiees relatives a la competence nutritionnelle de E. Coli.
Population changes of alien invasive plants in the Lower Kuiseb River

The status of six alien invasive plant species was investigated along the Lower Kuiseb River. The focus entailed a comparison of plants surveyed along transects located at five settlements of a rural community, with additional transects located between these settlements. While most living alien plants occurred in or adjacent to the main channel of the river, additional seed banks were noted in river areas further away from the channel. Nicotiana glauca was clearly on the increase along the length of the study area, while Argemone ochroleuca, Ricinus communis, Datura stramonium and D. inoxia appear to be declining, and Prosopis continues to be confined. While changing surface hydrology and near-surface geohydrology may underlie the increase in N. glauca, trampling action by increasing livestock numbers could perhaps explain the decreases by other species. More detailed studies and long-term monitoring are required to improve management of alien plants in the Kuiseb and other ephemeral rivers.
Physiological and biochemical metabolism in Jatoba plants (Hymenaea courbaril L.) affected by water stress and flooding

The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in three water conditions at greenhouse with treatments as: control, water stress (water deficiency) and flooding (with a blade of water about 5 cm above the ground), and 15 repetitions. The analysis of variance was done and the 5% level of significance of the Tukey’s test accomplished to assess the biochemical and physiological parameters of Hymenaea courbaril L. The variables were: water potential, nitrate reductase activity, concentration of nitrate, ammonium free, proline, glycine betaine, free protein, free amino acids, glutamine synthetase activity, alcohol dehydrogenase activity and lactate dehydrogenase and contents of chlorophyll a, b, and total carotene. There was a reduction of the enzyme reductase activity of nitrate and glutamine synthetase due to the water deficit and flooding. Moreover, the lack of water in leaf tissue caused an increase in proline, glycine betaine and free amino acids, trying to promote osmotic adjustment. An increase of variation and reduced ammonium, protein, chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid was also observed. These substances were significantly reduced by the lack of water and also excess water. Thus, the water deficit and flooding promoted a drastic change in behavior and physiological biochemistry of Jatoba plants. The results of this study show that the flooding and water deficiency for 30 days are sufficient to promote changes in biochemical behavior in the Jatobá plants. Thus, these results indicate that the Hymenaea courbaril L. plants are less susceptible to flooding than to the water deficiency. Keyword: forest restoration; Jatoba; nitrogenous compounds; osmoregulators; water conditions. Abbreviation: FM_fresh mass; DM_dry mass; AA_amino acid; GGH_gamma-glutamyl hydrolase; ATP_adenosine triphosphate; TSP_trisodium phosphate; LDH_lactate dehydrogenase.
The Channel of Demand in the Fight against Food Insecurity in the Northern Regions of Cameroon: A Retrospective Analysis

The income elasticity of food expenditures versus income elasticity of calories intake controversy marked all theliteratures of the 1980 and 1990 decennaries at the subject of fight against foods insecurity.Food insecurity phenomena are recurrent in northern Cameroon.Public policies for ameliorating the level of nutrition of undernourished and vulnerable households consisted todistribution cereals. Without any theoretical and empirical basis, all redistribution policies are budgetary costlyand can generate unwished or negative effects and be with limited impact.The aim of this study is to situate the Cameroonian specificities in the income elasticity controversy and topropose the optimal canal of transmission of policies effects. The utilization of raw data of ECAM96 in aretrospective study place income elasticity of food expenditures at the interval [0.21, 1.54] and income elasticityof calories intake in [0.39, 0.59] for households.The income elasticity of food expenditures channel is optimal. The increase of real income however have to beoriented on food prices for exclusive consumption of target households for to channel policy effects and to avoidnegative effects on social sectors (health, education).
Gender specifics in entrepreneurs’ personal characteristics

This paper explored Slovenian entrepreneurs’ personal characteristics to understand the existing gender gap in transitional countries, testing the proposed model among small and medium-sized company owners (N = 201; 32.3% female, 67.7% male). The research operationalized entrepreneurs’ characteristics according to psychological and non-psychological motivation factors; the former resulted in four types of Slovenian entrepreneurs while the latter was divided into human and social capital. Significant differences emerged among genders related to certain psychological motivation factors and social capital categories, but not human capital. Women remain an unexploited source of entrepreneurship; thus, Slovenia should establish effective mechanisms to promote female entrepreneurship.
Improving School through the Voice of the Students. Notes about an Experience Carried out in Cantabria (Spain)

By means of this paper we summarize the work carried out during three years with a group of students from the Spanish Compulsory Secondary Education with the aim that they may address their demands and needs to the school management team so as to improve their school experience. The approach of the work stems from two clear concepts: on the one hand, the student’s point of view, their voice, as a key piece in the educational processes and on the other hand, the need to count on the centres themselves, through their particular dynamics, to set in motion school improvement actions geared to the creation of inclusive schools and where all students are recognized alike. In the paper we will indicate the methodology used in the project, the phases followed and the evaluation carried out by pupils, tutor and researchers.
Field corn tests to examine anhydrous ammonia manifold variability

Field experiments were conducted to measure variation in yield, stalk-N concentration, and the N content of harvested grain, for corn with anhydrous ammonia (NH3) fertilizer. N was applied with the conventional, Vertical-Dam, Rotaflow, and FD-1200 prototype manifolds with an application rate goal of 84 kg N/ha (75 lb N/ac). Applications were with each outlet on the manifold plumbed to one applicator knife (normal), and with manifold outlets redirected so that some knives received no NH3 while other knives received twice the rate goal (modified). For two years of the study, NH3 was applied and a third year had only the residual of the previous year. Rows were harvested singly to record harvest yield and take a grain sample. Results showed a positive correlation between N application rate and stalk-N concentration for all three years. No correlation between N content of grain and other factors was observed. For one site-year, measured yields between the two application arrangements were significantly different for all manifolds. Small variations in application rate between the normally plumbed manifolds did not result in statistical yield differences.
Ray tracing technique for shaping a dual reector antenna system

In radio astronomy applications, antennas having the highest aperture efficiencies are requested. In order to meet this request, a reector shaping program for dual reector antennas has been developed. The design procedure is based on the geometrical optics where differential equations have been formulated to dene the ray trace of the antenna system. Recently, the fourth generation programming language MATLAB has become well known for its numerical computing environment and very useful three-dimensiona data visualization functions. The authors wished to make a dual reector shaping program by a ray tracing method in MATLAB. In this paper, details of the program are explained, and antenna ray tracing results are shown visually by three-dimensiona viewgraphs. The numerical results are compared with the theoretical ones to conrm the correctness of the developed shaping program for a Cassegrain dual reector antenna system. For uniform aperture distribution therst side lobe level is numerically obtained as {17.59 dB, which can be further reduced through shaping to {24.67 dB and {30.65 dB for parabolic and squared parabolic, respectively.
Instruction and Academic Support Expenditures: An Investment in Retention and Graduation

A long-standing concern of many colleges and universities are low persistence and graduation rates. This study examined how institutions can affect, and potentially improve, persistence and graduation rates by targeting their expenditures toward those activities that have an affect on persistence and graduation. Framed by Tinto's theory of academic departure, the inquiry investigated the relationship between expenditures for instruction and academic support on persistence and graduation rates at 218 universities. The results confirmed Tinto's theory and were able to explain approximately half the variance in persistence and graduation rates among the institutions included in the study. Recommendations for practice are suggested, including using the results of the study to develop resource allocation strategies to enhance persistence and graduation rates.
Treatments for Prevention of Persistent Pinking in Dark-Cutting Beef Patties

Food-grade oxidants and browning agents were compared for prevention of undesirable raw appearance of cooked dark-cutting (DC) beef patties. DC beef had higher pH (6.6 vs 5.7) and lower 24h oxidation-reduction potential (-190 vs -108 mV) than controls, with higher cooked yield and cohesiveness, but lower beef flavor intensity scores. DC patties with lactic acid (LA) had acceptable cooked appearance and increased myoglobin (Mb) denaturation during cooking (77%-LA; 63%-normal control; 41%-DC control), but a tangy off-flavor. Calcium peroxide increased Mb denaturation to 69%, but caused excessive oxidation. Caramel color eliminated undercooked appearance without increasing Mb denaturation, but raw and cooked patties were dark.