Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Teicoplanin in the treatment of gram-positive-bacterial endocarditis

Intravenous teicoplanin has been used to treat 23 cases of gram-positive-bacterial endocarditis, usually with 3 to 7 mg/kg every 12 h on the first day, followed by 3 to 7 mg/kg every 24 h. For some cases (staphylococcal and enterococcal endocarditis), the dosage was 8 to 14.4 mg/kg per day and/or other antibiotics were given. The mean duration was 48.2 days (range, 23 to 130 days). Of 23 patients, 21 (91.3%) had negative cultures or were cured. A total of 18 patients were treated with teicoplanin alone; of these, 4 had surgery, and all (except 2 who relapsed) were cured. Teicoplanin was combined with one or more antibiotics in five cases; in all cases appropriate cultures were negative, but three patients died during therapy or follow-up. Mild renal impairment was seen in two patients; both were receiving teicoplanin in combination with an aminoglycoside. We conclude that intravenous teicoplanin administered once a day at doses of 7 to 14 mg/kg per day is well tolerated, easy to administer, and may represent an efficacious therapy for gram-positive-bacterial endocarditis.
Internet Usage, Physician Performances and Patient's Trust in Physician During Diagnoses: Investigating Both Pre-Use and Not-Use Internet Groups

Do patients' Internet searches of disease information and physician performances affect patients' trust in physicians during diagnoses? This study proposes a research model concerning the effect of whether patients use Internet and Internet usage on perceived physician performances (including perceived communication time, explanation quality and physician attitude) and on trust. Our empirical study of over 650 subjects in China suggests that for pre-use Internet patients, they feel longer communication time but less quality of physicians' explanation in diagnosis process. There is no significant discrepancy of perceived physician attitude between two sample groups. We also demonstrate that whether patients search healthcare information through the Internet impacts their trust in physicians through physicians' explanation quality as well as the communication time. Moreover, this study indicates that physician performances in a diagnosis process play a dominant role in gaining patients' trust, while the professional status of a physician (i.e. expert) will help improve trust when patients feel warm attitude from physicians. However, longer search time on the Internet will weaken the effect of communication time and explanation quality on trust. Overall, this study suggests that the impact of the physician performances and Internet search are not trivial to physician-patient trust, but even in the high-tech age, high-touch remains an important factor to physician-patient trust.
Nutrition and health-related quality of life in frail older adults.

BACKGROUND Frail older adults are at risk for poor nutrition and frequently experience declining healthrelated quality of life (HR-QOL). The relationship between nutritional risk and HR-QOL although intuitive, has been rarely studied. OBJECTIVE To determine the independent association of nutritional risk with HR-QOL in frail older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. Data were collected by interviewer-administered questionnaire. Nutritional risk was measured by SCREEN (Seniors in the Community: Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition) and HR-QOL by perceived health status and report of number of days in the past month where physical or mental health was not good, or where activities were limited. Frail (n=367) seniors were recruited from 23 community service providers. A wide variety of covariates were also measured. Multivariate modeling based on a conceptual model was used to identify factors associated with HR-QOL. RESULTS Nutritional risk appears to be a significant and important factor associated with HR-QOL. Other significant covariates were: falls, social supports, social activity, health behaviours, pain and medication use. CONCLUSION Nutritional risk as measured by SCREEN appears to be a significant covariate in explaining differences in HRQOL among frail older adults. Further work should determine if nutritional risk predicts changes in HR-QOL over time.
Bury Your Gays and Social Media Fan Response: Television, LGBTQ Representation, and Communitarian Ethics

ABSTRACT Although visibility has increased, there are still television tropes used that can have potentially harmful effects on LGBTQ persons seeking identification through television characters. This essay explores the representation of women-loving women (WLW) on television and how fans respond via social media with regard to their identity and representation. Specifically, by examining the fan culture through a communitarian ethics lens (with an emphasis on duty and mutuality), fans are explored before and after a lesbian character’s death and how their responses created a social movement regarding the current television environment’s treatment of WLW characters. Media anthropology and virtual ethnographic observations on Twitter and Tumblr were used to answer how fans were responding to WLW representation via social media and how they engaged with communitarian ethics. Implications and criticisms are discussed.
Learning Disabilities in Epilepsy: Neurophysiological Aspects

Summary: Subclinical generalized spike‐wave discharges are often accompanied by transitory cognitive impairment, demonstrable by psychological testing during EEG recording. Transitory cognitive impairment is demonstrated most readily by difficult tasks and during generalized regular spike‐wave bursts lasting for more than 3 s, but can also be found during briefer and even focal discharges. That this is not simply a consequence of global inattention is shown by the fact that focal discharges exhibit some specificity: left‐sided focal spiking is more likely to produce errors on verbal tasks, for instance, whereas right‐sided discharges are more often accompanied by impairment in handling nonverbal material. Both learning difficulties in general and specific abnormal patterns of cognitive functioning are well documented in children with epilepsy and are most pronounced in those with frequent interictal discharges. However, there is now evidence that intermittent cognitive impairment due to the discharges themselves contributes significantly to such neurophysiological abnormalities. The significance of transitory cognitive impairment accompanying subclinical EEG discharges for everyday functioning is uncertain, but there is experimental evidence that subclinical discharges may be accompanied by disruption of educational skills in children or by impairment of driving performance in motorists. In some individuals, suppression of discharges by antiepileptic drugs has demonstrably improved psychological function, but further work is required to determine the indications for such treatment
The origins of intensive marine fishing in medieval Europe: the English evidence

The catastrophic impact of fishing pressure on species such as cod and herring is well documented. However, the antiquity of their intensive exploitation has not been established. Systematic catch statistics are only available for ca.100 years, but large–scale fishing industries existed in medieval Europe and the expansion of cod fishing from the fourteenth century (first in Iceland, then in Newfoundland) played an important role in the European colonization of the Northwest Atlantic. History has demonstrated the scale of these late medieval and post–medieval fisheries, but only archaeology can illuminate earlier practices. Zooarchaeological evidence shows that the clearest changes in marine fishing in England between AD 600 and 1600 occurred rapidly around AD 1000 and involved large increases in catches of herring and cod. Surprisingly, this revolution predated the documented post–medieval expansion of England's sea fisheries and coincided with the Medieval Warm Period—when natural herring and cod productivity was probably low in the North Sea. This counterintuitive discovery can be explained by the concurrent rise of urbanism and human impacts on freshwater ecosystems. The search for ‘pristine’ baselines regarding marine ecosystems will thus need to employ medieval palaeoecological proxies in addition to recent fisheries data and early modern historical records.
Innovation ambidexterity of open firms. The role of internal relational social capital

ABSTRACT The success of the open innovation (OI) paradigm is still debated and literature is searching for its determinants. Although firms’ internal social context is crucial to explain the success or failure of OI practices, such context is still poorly investigated. The aim of the paper is to analyse whether internal social capital (SC), intended as employees’ propensity to interact and work in groups in order to solve innovation issues, mediates the relationship between OI practices and innovation ambidexterity (IA). Results, based on a survey research developed in Finland, Italy and Sweden, suggest that collaborations with different typologies of partners (scientific and business) achieve good results in terms of IA, through the partial mediation of the internal SC.
A continuous-time /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ Modulator with reduced sensitivity to clock jitter through SCR feedback

This paper presents a means to overcome the high sensitivity of continuous-time sigma-delta (/spl Sigma//spl Delta/) modulators to clock jitter by using a modified switched-capacitor structure with resistive element in the continuous-time feedback digital-analog converter (DAC). The reduced sensitivity to jitter is both simulated and proven by measured results from two implemented third-order modulators. Additionally, the nonideal behavior is analyzed analytically and by simulations.
Positive and negative associations between adolescents' religiousness and health behaviors via self-regulation

It has been proposed that self-regulation may be the explanatory mechanism for the relation between religiousness and positive health behaviors. However, different religious motivations have differential effects on a variety of health-related outcomes, which may explain the adverse effects of religiousness found in some studies. The current study hypothesized that higher identification as religious motivation would be linked to higher health-promoting behavior and lower health-risk behavior through higher self-regulation, whereas higher introjection would be linked to lower health-promoting behavior and higher health-risk behavior through lower self-regulation. The sample included 220 adolescents (mean age = 15 years, 55% male) and their primary caregivers. Structural equation modeling results supported the hypotheses and indicated that adolescent self-regulation mediated the relations between their religious motivation and health behavior. The findings suggest that different types of religious motivation may promote or hinder adolescents' health.
Explaining the discrepancy in the mediating role of attitude in the TAM

The debate about the role of attitude in the technology acceptance model (TAM) seems to have re-emerged in two prestigious journals in the field of educational technology. Among the publications on this debate, there are authors in favour of excluding the attitude of TAM, whereas others are in favour of including it. These opinions are derived from the results that both groups have obtained in their researches. We have wondered whether the methodology used in these studies could have influenced the results obtained and whether different statistical tools may lead to different conclusions. Two alternatives models were compared: TAM with attitude (TAM-O) and TAM without attitude (TAM-R). To detect the influence of different methodological tools, two structural equations modelling (SEM) approaches were used for analysis: covariance-based SEM (CB-SEM) and partial least squares SEM (PLS-SEM). We found that if PLS-SEM method is used, TAM-O is a better model than TAM-R, whereas if CB-SEM is used, TAM-R is better than TAM-O. We face a paradox that is explained by the influence of the methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
[Fibrate-induced deterioration of renal function].

INTRODUCTION Fibrates represent one of the medications used to treat patients with hyperlipemia. Deterioration in renal function is not a very known adverse effect of fibric acid derivates. In the last 26 months we have detected thirteen patients with acute renal failure associated to fibrates in our outpatients' clinic. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The aim of our study is to analyze our experience in deterioration in renal function associated to fibrates use. This is a retrospective charts review. RESULTS From the thirteen patients (8 males/5 females) with mean age of 65.5 +/- 12.2 years, ten received Fenofibrate (FN), one Bezafibrate (BZ) and two Gemfibrozil (GF). Six cases had previously normal renal function and the seven remaining had mild chronic renal failure (CRF). The increase of serum Creatinine (Crs) value was higher than 74%. Acute renal failure was reversible in 9 patients (group 1), but the other 4 did not recover their previous renal function (group 2). The average of Crs before fibrate treatment was 1.33 +/- 0.36 mg/dl (Creatinine clearance 63.2 +/- 26.6 ml/min) and the highest average of Crs during the treatment was 2.22 +/- 0.49 mg/d (Creatinine clearance 37.3 +/- 11.9 ml/min). The average time until acute renal failure diagnosis was 6.7 +/- 5.8 months and the recovery of renal function was delayed an average of 3.8 +/- 3.5 months after fibrates withdrawn. Group 2 patients had a higuer Crs and longer time with fibrates than group 1 patients. CPK values were normal in all cases. In two patients renal biopsy was performed and no significant lesions were detected. CONCLUSION The fibrate treatment can induce an acute renal failure. Four patients (30.8%) did not recover their basal renal function. When fibrate treatment begins a renal function should be monitored specially in patients with CRF.
Temperature effects and long term fading of implanted and unimplanted gate oxide RADFETs

Key aspects of continuous operation of Radiation Sensitive Field Effect Transistors (RADFETs) as radiation monitors in space missions are addressed. The effect of possible temperature fluctuations and long-term fading on threshold-voltage measurement of Implanted and Unimplanted gate oxide RADFETs were studied. Evidence for temperature coefficient changes following irradiation and annealing cycles is presented. In addition, fading of unimplanted gate oxide RADFETs is shown to be significantly lower than that of Implanted ones.
Patient Complexity and Risk Factor Control Among Multimorbid Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the R2D2C2 Study

Background:Among patients with type 2 diabetes, it is not known whether risk factor control is better or worse for those who also have heart disease, depression, multiple other comorbidities, and associated management challenges. Objective:To examine the relationship between this complex constellation of multimorbidities, adherence to treatment and risk factor control among patients with type 2 diabetes, independent of regimen intensity. Research Design:Observational cross-sectional study. Subjects:A total of 1314 patients with diabetes from the Reducing Racial Disparities in Diabetes Coached Care (R2D2C2) Study. Measures:A composite cardiometabolic risk factor profile was the dependent variable. Independent variables included a composite measure of patient complexity, patient-reported adherence to treatment, history of coronary heart disease (CHD), and intensity of medication regimen. Results:A higher proportion of the most complex patient-reported problems with adherence compared with the least complex patients (83.5% vs. 43.3%, P<0.001). Compared with those without a history of CHD, fewer patients with CHD-reported problems with medication adherence (59.3% vs. 69.3%, P<0.01) and had better risk factor control, independent of complexity and regimen intensity. Better risk factor control was independently associated with less patient complexity (P=0.003) and to history of CHD (P=0.01). Conclusions:The presence of a complex illness profile was associated with poorer control of risk factors. Those with CHD were more adherent to treatment and had better risk factor control. The occurrence of CHD may present an opportunity for physicians to emphasize risk factor management. Diabetes patients with a complex illness profile may be at highest risk for cardiovascular events and in greatest need of prevention of cardiac disease. Trial Registration:Clinicaltrial.gov identifier: NCT01123239.
Correlation between histopathology, immune response, clinical presentation, and evolution in Leishmania braziliensis infection.

Skin biopsies from 221 parasitologically confirmed cases of tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis spp. were evaluated with respect to histopathology, the qualitative and quantitative nature of the cellular infiltrate, and the presence of Leishmania amastigotes. These variables were cross correlated with the Leishmania-specific immune response, clinical presentation, and response to treatment. Physical evidence of prior leishmanial lesions was associated with the absence of amastigotes (P less than or equal to 0.001) and the presence of giant (P = 0.03) and epitheloid cells (P = 0.03) in the biopsy of the active lesion. The presence of amastigotes was inversely related to the duration of the lesion (P less than or equal to 0.001) and the presence of eosinophils (P less than or equal to 0.01), whereas the presence of adenopathy (P = 0.01), necrosis (P = 0.001), histiocytes (P = 0.001), and increased serum antibody titer (P = 0.02) were directly associated with the presence of amastigotes. The lymphocyte transformation response was correlated with the presence of granulomas (P = 0.001), but showed no correlation with cutaneous delayed type hypersensitivity. The presence of epithelioid (P = 0.04) and giant cells (P = 0.03) was associated with less drug being required to achieve healing. In contrast, necrosis was associated with a greater amount of drug to achieve healing (P = 0.05). The observed correlations between tissue responses and immune and clinical parameters provide further evidence for the role of antibody and other soluble mediators of the cellular immune response in the evolution of disease. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A commitment model of reproductive inhibition in cooperatively breeding groups

Cooperatively breeding groups include individuals that give up some current reproductive opportunities while remaining in a group. In some cases, these individuals are physiologically or morphologically unable to reproduce. Empirical and theoretical evidence suggest that this inability often does not result from stress or manipulation by dominants against the interests of subordinates. I argue that such reproductive inhibition can represent a commitment not to reproduce in exchange for a reduction in costs imposed by dominants. I present a model that allows subordinates to choose whether to inhibit their own reproduction ("self-inhibition") and accept no direct reproduction while in the group or to remain flexible and attempt to take a share of group productivity. If dominants assess the reproductive status of subordinates and punish those that reproduce, this model predicts self-inhibition when group members are closely related, opportunities for independent breeding are poor, assessment of reproductive status and eviction are costly, and the chance of being detected when cheating is high. However, dominants are less likely to assess the reproductive status of subordinates that are closely related, resulting in a narrow window of relatedness in which self-inhibition is favored. Counterintuitively, this window is wider when flexible subordinates would be able to take a large share of group production. Although the model assumes that dominants are able to reliably detect commitment, it is generally robust against mistakes in the form of dominants failing to assess uncommitted subordinates, or even low frequencies of deception by flexible subordinates. Copyright 2004.
Morphology of the pupal heart, adult heart, and associated tissues in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster

The early pupal heart of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has recently been the subject of intense physiological and molecular work, yet it has not been well described, nor has it been compared with the heart of the adult fly. In the work reported here, the hearts of adults and early pupae of D. melanogaster were studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and by light microscopy. The hearts of adults and early pupae both consist of a tube of circular striated muscle one cell in thickness. The alary muscles, which suspend the heart, are more delicate in the adult compared to the early pupa. The pericardial cells in both early pupae and adults are connected to the heart by connective tissue radiating from the alary muscles or dorsal diaphragm. We confirm that four major changes occur in the heart during metamorphosis: 1) a conical chamber is formed de novo in the first and second abdominal segments; 2) the adult heart curves to conform to the contour of the abdomen; 3) a layer of longitudinal striated muscle appears on the ventral surface of the heart; 4) a fourth pair of ostia is added to the three already present in the early pupa; and note additionally that 5) the ostia appear as simple openings in the heart of the early pupa but are valve‐like in the adult. J. Morphol. 240:225–235, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An additional patient with the 3C syndrome

We report on an 8‐month‐old child with a dolichocephalic head due to prominent forehead and occiput, Dandy‐Walker malformation, cleft palate, congenital heart defect and other minor anomalies. He represents a new case of the 3C syndrome, the fifth described in the medical literature.
Risk factors for violent crime in Schizophrenia: a national cohort study of 13,806 patients.

OBJECTIVE To determine risk factors for and prevalence of violent crime in patients with schizophrenia, and in particular, to explore the contribution of familial risk factors. METHOD We designed a cohort study that followed up patients with 2 or more hospitalizations for schizophrenia (ICD-8, ICD-9, and ICD-10 criteria) and investigated the risk for a violent conviction using Cox proportional hazards models. All 13,806 patients with 2 hospital discharge diagnoses of schizophrenia from January 1, 1973, through December 31, 2004, in Sweden were followed until violent conviction, emigration, death, or end of follow-up (December 31, 2004), and associations with sociodemographic, individual (substance abuse comorbidity, and previous violence), and familial (parental violent crime and parental alcohol abuse) factors were examined. RESULTS Over an average follow-up period of 12 years, 17.1% (N = 1519) of the men and 5.6% (N = 273) of the women with 2 or more hospitalizations for schizophrenia had a violent conviction after discharge from hospital. Familial risk factors had moderate effects, increasing the risk for violent convictions by 50% to 150%. After adjustment for sociodemographic and individual risk factors, the associations between parental violent crime and risk of violent convictions remained in men (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.33 to 2.04) and in women (adjusted HR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.11 to 3.01), whereas parental alcohol abuse was no longer significantly associated with violent crime. CONCLUSION Parental violent crime had moderate associations with violent crime in male and female offspring with at least 2 hospitalizations for schizophrenia, which were mostly stronger than the better documented sociodemographic risk factors. This suggests that familial (genetic or early environmental) risk factors have an important role in the etiology of violent offending among individuals with schizophrenia and should be considered in violence risk assessment.