Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fundamental controls on fluid flow in carbonates: current workflows to emerging technologies

Abstract The introduction reviews topics relevant to the fundamental controls on fluid flow in carbonate reservoirs and to the prediction of reservoir performance. The review provides research and industry contexts for papers in this volume only. A discussion of global context and frameworks emphasizes the value yet to be captured from compare and contrast studies. Multidisciplinary efforts highlight the importance of greater integration of sedimentology, diagenesis and structural geology. Developments in analytical and experimental methods, stimulated by advances in the materials sciences, support new insights into fundamental (pore-scale) processes in carbonate rocks. Subsurface imaging methods relevant to the delineation of heterogeneities in carbonates highlight techniques that serve to decrease the gap between seismically resolvable features and well-scale measurements. Methods to fuse geological information across scales are advancing through multiscale integration and proxies. A surge in computational power over the last two decades has been accompanied by developments in computational methods and algorithms. Developments related to visualization and data interaction support stronger geoscience–engineering collaborations. High-resolution and real-time monitoring of the subsurface are driving novel sensing capabilities and growing interest in data mining and analytics. Together, these offer an exciting opportunity to learn more about the fundamental fluid-flow processes in carbonate reservoirs at the interwell scale.
Making a difference—inclusive learning and teaching in higher education through open educational resources

Recently there has been growing concern about the ways in which professional values such as “acknowledging diversity and promoting equality of opportunity” (Higher Education Academy (HEA), 2006, p. 4) have been understood and evidenced in higher education. In this article, we outline how the Learning to Teach Inclusively open educational resource (OER) is addressing this concern by facilitating understanding of the concepts and principles underpinning these professional values. We outline a set of principles for inclusive practice and show how they underpin not only the content of this resource, but also its design, development, and embedding. We argue that while these principles were derived from research in face-to-face teaching, they are just as relevant and applicable to learning, teaching, and curriculum design in distance learning and virtual contexts. Finally, we outline three models for embedding the OER and propose a model for embedding inclusive practice through OER across HE.
With or Without Speech: Arandic Sign Language from Central Australia*

Australia is home to Indigenous sign languages of varying degrees of complexity. In this paper we describe some of the features of the sign language(s) used in Arandic speaking communities of Central Australia. These sign languages have been referred to as ‘alternate’ because they are semiotic systems that are not usually the primary mode of communication of a community, but rather a form of communication used alongside other semiotic systems, including speech and drawing practices. We give examples of sign use in different contexts—both with and without co-occurring speech. We draw attention to examples where the contribution that sign makes to complex utterances is in addition, or complementary, to that provided by other semiotic means. A better understanding of alternate sign languages in comparison with spoken languages on the one hand, and primary sign languages and other semiotic systems on the other will help us conceptualize the limits and powers of the human semiotic capacity.
Versatile optical code-based MPLS for circuit, burst, and packet switchings

We will present versatile optical code (OC)-based photonic MPLS, so-called OC-MPLS which ranges from circuit switching, burst switching, to packet switching. OC-label is an identifier attached to the data, of which information is mapped onto an optical code, a sequence of optical pulses. The OC-label recognition is performed by the optical correlation between an incoming OC-label and the OC-label entries. Unique to the OC-label processing is that it is analog operation entirely in optical domain, and no optical logic operation is involved, therefore, the processing speed is only limited by the propagation delay in the optical correlator, which is a passive optical device. This is a key to the ultrahigh-speed processing capability. Circuit switching of OC-label switched path (OC-LSP) is characterized by the finer data granularity than the wavelength path of GMPS, resulting in a better bandwidth efficiency. In a one-way reservation protocol of photonic burst switching, the OC-labeled control packet improves the throughput by nearly cutting the offset time between the control packet and the following data burst. OC-labeled header of the packet can enables the ultrafast routing in photonic packet switching. To exploit the ultrafast routing capability, a new packet switch architecture is investigated, in which the longest-prefix match algorithm as well as WDM buffering into the fiber delay lines are introduced.
Real signals fast Fourier transform: Storage capacity and step number reduction by means of an odd discrete Fourier transform

An odd discrete Fourier transform (ODFT) which relates in several ways to the usual discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is introduced and discussed. Its main advantage is that it can readily be applied to spectrum and correlation computations on real signals, by halving the storage capacity and greatly reducing the number of necessary steps.
Robust LPC parameter estimation in standard CELP 4800 b/s speech coder

The application of robust LPC parameter estimation in standard CELP coders for secure communications, USA FED STD 1016 4.8 kb/s, for the purpose of decreasing LPC spectral degradation compared to the standard LPC methods is considered in the paper. Comparative experimental analysis is done referring to the results of three different spectral measures related to the RMS LOG spectral measure: likelihood ratios, cosh measure and cepstral distance. The experimental analysis justifies the use of the robust LPC methods in standard CELP speech coders.
Dark silicon and the end of multicore scaling

Since 2005, processor designers have increased core counts to exploit Moore's Law scaling, rather than focusing on single-core performance. The failure of Dennard scaling, to which the shift to multicore parts is partially a response, may soon limit multicore scaling just as single-core scaling has been curtailed. This paper models multicore scaling limits by combining device scaling, single-core scaling, and multicore scaling to measure the speedup potential for a set of parallel workloads for the next five technology generations. For device scaling, we use both the ITRS projections and a set of more conservative device scaling parameters. To model single-core scaling, we combine measurements from over 150 processors to derive Pareto-optimal frontiers for area/performance and power/performance. Finally, to model multicore scaling, we build a detailed performance model of upper-bound performance and lower-bound core power. The multicore designs we study include single-threaded CPU-like and massively threaded GPU-like multicore chip organizations with symmetric, asymmetric, dynamic, and composed topologies. The study shows that regardless of chip organization and topology, multicore scaling is power limited to a degree not widely appreciated by the computing community. Even at 22 nm (just one year from now), 21% of a fixed-size chip must be powered off, and at 8 nm, this number grows to more than 50%. Through 2024, only 7.9× average speedup is possible across commonly used parallel workloads, leaving a nearly 24-fold gap from a target of doubled performance per generation.
The Changing Nature of Collection Management in Research Libraries

The contemporary history of collection management in North American research libraries begin midcentury. Since then, several issues have influenced the evolution of collection management with new forces emerging in the 1980s. In this article, we point to the challenges librarians face in managing the transition into a new and uncharted environment, including differing needs and scholarly communication patterns. We anticipate digital information will bring fundamental changes to scholarly communication and thus to collection management and point to a shift from a decentralized system of duplicate print collections to one of fewer central repositories. We believe print collections are not likely to disappear but the importance of secure storage for digital materials cannot be overemphasized. In the digital age, the “library model” for funding and sharing information will he scrutinized for its applicability in a world of access. Collection management librarians must take the lead in wedding print collection management to new storage and electronic access and delivery options to maintain and preserve the record of knowledge.
Do's and Don'ts of Simultaneous Instruction to On-Campus and Distance Students via Videoconferencing

Abstract Achieving the transition from Bibliographic Instruction (BI) to Information Literacy (IL) is particularly hard for institutions because it requires librarians to actively collaborate with a variety of administrative programs and this is all the more challenging when serving distance students. At Nova Southeastern University, the Speech-Language Pathology (SLP) department employs several delivery methods to impart graduate education. This case study describes transition from one-shot library BI to a three-day format for the SLP program, with instruction that builds sequentially and developmentally, incorporating a variety of assessment techniques (e.g., in-class exercises, puzzles, quizzes, take-home assignments). The paper discusses the innovative delivery of the course format: the issues and challenges of teaching local and distance students simultaneously via compressed video. Solutions are offered based on the presenters' experience of what worked and what did not, the quality of teaching and learning comparing videoconferencing to face-to-face instruction. The co-presenter, a faculty member teaching the course, provides a unique perspective to the presentation, thus exemplifying a librarian-faculty collaboration.
Understanding social influence theory and personal goals in e-learning

This paper investigates important factors in shaping attitudes toward knowledge sharing by email in e-learning, based on social influence theory and self determination theory. It tests how the personal goals moderate the relationships in the model. An empirical test of the proposed model using an online survey was conducted with a sample of undergraduate college students who use email for class assignments. All social influence factors significantly influenced attitudes toward knowledge sharing by email (R2 0.63) in the high personal goal group (186 participants), but social identity did not influence the attitude (R2 0.54) in the low personal goal group (225 participants). The results will help e-learning and information systems researchers and practitioners to more fully understand the roles of social influence factors in developing and designing e-learning systems.
Effectiveness of Online Learning Environments Developed Based on the Principles of Interactive Environment Design

Online learning environments are technology-based learning environments which allow learners to develop themselves on their own pace independently of time and place through the instructional content presented via computers and which present interactive learning experiences. The visual design as well as the content of the instructional material prepared for effective learning in online learning environments is important. The present study investigated the influence of an online learning environment prepared as appropriate to the elements and principles of visual design on students‟ academic achievement and tried to determine the participants‟ views about the online learning environment in question. Depending on the findings obtained in the study and on the observations during the application process, it could be stated that the online learning environment prepared in line with the design elements and principles was considered by the students as quite effective; that it increased learning; and that the students had positive views about the learning environment in question.
RGB-D, Laser and Thermal Sensor Fusion for People following in a Mobile Robot

Detecting and tracking people is a key capability for robots that operate in populated environments. In this paper, we used a multiple sensor fusion approach that combines three kinds of sensors in order to detect people using RGB-D vision, lasers and a thermal sensor mounted on a mobile platform. The Kinect sensor offers a rich data set at a significantly low cost, however, there are some limitations to its use in a mobile platform, mainly that the Kinect algorithms for people detection rely on images captured by a static camera. To cope with these limitations, this work is based on the combination of the Kinect and a Hokuyo laser and a thermopile array sensor. A real-time particle filter system merges the information provided by the sensors and calculates the position of the target, using probabilistic leg and thermal patterns, image features and optical flow to this end. Experimental results carried out with a mobile platform in a Science museum have shown that the combination of different sensory cues increases the reliability of the people following system.
The Unitization Effect in Reading Chinese and English Text

Two experiments tested the unitization hypothesis on 2 writing systems: alphabetic (English) and logographic (Chinese). Native speakers of 3 languages (Chinese, English, and Japanese) with different fluency levels in Chinese and English read English and Chinese passages and performed English letter and Chinese character component detection. The results indicate that (a) individuals increase the size of their reading units as they perfect their knowledge of either Chinese or English, (b) a Chinese word may be processed by character components or by larger units depending on the frequency of the word, and (c) familiarity with the Chinese writing system does not help individuals increase the size of their reading units in Chinese. The experiments support the unitization hypothesis as a universal principle describing reading processes.
Issues, challenges and practices in advancing pervasivehuman-computer interaction for people with combined hearing and vision impairments

This dissertation is entirely dedicated to people having some degree of combined impairments of both the visual and the auditory channels and, specifically, to deafblind people. As such individuals are deaf and blind at the same time, they are not able to rely on their sight or on their sense of hearing to communicate with others and to interact with the external world. As a result, they are forced to utilize an alternative channel for achieving communication, interaction and access to information. Among the residual channels, the sense of touch is the best sensory substitute: although it is less performing than vision and hearing, it enables exchanging messages with the environment. Nevertheless, in order to be accessed for exchanging messages (communication) or for acquiring information, people and objects have to be at contact distance. This major drawback can be mitigated by introducing assistive technology (AT) in the form of novel human-computer interfaces that enable individuals to go beyond close proximity and to interact with a world that is, day after day, one step forward. In the first part of this dissertation, we provide an overview of touch-based communication systems, and we identify their major features, and we introduce a meta-language that enables the description of both the static and the dynamic features of touch-based communication systems, in order to enable systems to easily move from one language to another. The second part of this dissertation is dedicated to innovative devices especially designed for the deafblind; we discuss the challenges in implementing the dynamics touch-based communication systems into interactive devices, and we detail some experiments. Moreover, we discuss the design of a bimodal tactile device meant to enhance content reading with Braille displays; we present a tactile mouse for providing blind and deafblind users with vibrotactile-assisted two-dimension spatial navigation, and for enabling them to interact with WIMP interfaces. Subsequently, we introduce dbGLOVE, a proprietry wearable technology dedicated to the deafblind. Finally, we focus on the evaluation of dbGLOVE, and we introduce some improvements to the performance of the device.
Recognition of Six basic facial expression and their strength by neural network

Develops an 'Active human interface' that realizes interactive communication between machine (computer and/or robot) and human. The authors investigate the method of machine recognition of human facial expressions and their strength. They deal with the neural network method of recognition of facial expressions. Considering 6 groups of facial expressions, i.e. surprise, fear, disgust, anger, happiness and sadness, they obtain 30 x- and y-coordinates of facial characteristic points representing 3 face components (eyes, eyebrows and mouth). Then they generate the facial position information which is input to the input units of a neural network; the network learning is done by backpropagation algorithm and the recognition test is carried out. For the six basic facial expressions, the correct recognition ratio was found to be about 90%. This paper further investigates the method of recognizing the strength of the six basic facial expressions by a neural network. <<ETX>>
Uncertainty Visualizations

Uncertainty is inherent in all real work contexts; it creates ambiguities that make decision making difficult. To help decision makers manage ambiguity, the authors developed and evaluated a domain-independent decision support system (DSS), the Uncertainty DSS. It is designed to help decision makers recognize situations in which uncertainty creates ambiguity in their choices and to identify information that can help reduce that ambiguity. It does so by providing an uncertainty visualization, which shows when the range of possible values for two or more alternatives overlap, indicating that one cannot identify the best alternative given the current information. To evaluate the Uncertainty DSS, the authors created a pared-down version, the Certainty DSS, which provides no uncertainty visualizations. They recruited 22 engineering designers and asked them compare alternative designs from real, ongoing design projects using no DSS, the Certainty DSS, and the Uncertainty DSS. The authors found that without the visualizations, participants did not distinguish between ambiguous and unambiguous choices. However, the Uncertainty DSS improved participants’ ability to recognize ambiguous decision situations. Additionally, it increased the likelihood that participants would form plans to seek clarifying information. These results suggest that a relatively simple visualization can change the way in which designers think about decision choices.
A hierarchical decision tree classification scheme for brain tumour astrocytoma grading using support vector machines

The use of the concepts of support vector machines (SVMs) and decision tree (DT) classification as a possible methodology for the characterization of the degree of malignancy of brain tumours astrocytomas (ASTs) is proposed in this paper. A two-level hierarchical DT model was constructed for the discrimination of 87 ASTs in accordance to the WHO grading system. The first level concerned the detection of low versus high-grade tumours and the second level the detection of less aggressive as opposed to highly aggressive tumours. The decision rule at each level was based on a SVM classification methodology comprising 3 steps: i) From each biopsy, images were digitized and segmented to isolate nuclei from surrounding tissue. ii) Descriptive quantitative variables related to chromatin distribution and DNA content were generated to encode the degree of tumour malignancy. iii) Exhaustive search was performed to determine best feature combination that led to the smallest classification error. SVM classifier training was based on the leave-one-out method. Finally, SVMs were comparatively evaluated with the Bayesian classifier and the probabilistic neural network. The SVM classifier discriminated low from high-grade tumours with an accuracy of 90.8% and less from highly aggressive tumours with 85.6%. The proposed decision tree classification scheme based on SVMs and the analysis of quantitative nuclear features provide means to reduce subjectivity in grading brain tumors.
PROCEEDINGSof theHUMANFACTORSANDERGONOMICSOCIETY45thANNUALMEETING-2001 DEVELOPING SCHEMAS FOR THE LOCATION OF COMMON WEB OBJECTS

This study examined where individuals expect specific web-related objects to be located on a typical web page, as well as compared any schematic differences between novice (less than one year of web experience) and experienced (more than three years of web experience) users for the location of these objects. The web objects examined were: grouping of links that internally connect web pages within the same website, grouping of links that lead to web pages that are external to a website, link to the homepage, internal search engine, and advertisement banner(s). The results suggest that users do have definable expectations concerning the location of these web objects, and these expectations are generally created early (less than one year) in the users' experience with the Web.
Engagement with Mathematics Courseware in Traditional and Online Remedial Learning Environments: Relationship to Self-Efficacy and Achievement

This research applied Bandura's (1986) social cognitive theory to examine engagement with courseware in traditional and online remedial mathematics learning environments. The study investigated the relationship of courseware engagement to age, computer self-efficacy, computer playfulness, and self-efficacy for self-regulated mathematics learning. The study also analyzed mathematics achievement in terms of engagement, age, gender, mathematics grade self-efficacy, and self-efficacy for self regulated mathematics learning. Participants were 88 students in a traditional environment and 76 students in an online environment. The two groups differed significantly in age, mathematics grade self-efficacy, computer self-efficacy, computer playfulness, courseware engagement, and mathematics achievement. When controlled for age, all significant differences found between the two groups persisted. When controlled for mathematics self-efficacy, the groups no longer differed significantly in mathematics achievement, but all other significant differences remained. Computer self-efficacy and computer playfulness each had a significant association with courseware engagement in the online environment, but not in the traditional environment. Regression models revealed that course setting, age, and self-efficacy for self-regulation jointly predicted engagement with courseware. Both mathematics grade self-efficacy and age jointly predicted achievement. These findings support the views that mathematics self-efficacy is among the most significant predictors of mathematics achievement; computer self-efficacy and computer playfulness are associated with courseware engagement; and self-regulation is an important component of e-learning. Implications for researchers and educators are discussed.