Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of sale and leaseback on commercial real estate prices and initial yields in the UK

ABSTRACT This research evaluates the impact of Sale and Leaseback (SLB) on UK commercial property prices and yields, compared with arms-length transactions. Data on 357 SLB deals and 1266 non-SLB deals are extracted from CoStar and EGI. Hedonic regressions and comparative analysis with the risk-free rate are undertaken. In addition to the SLB dummy variable, explanatory variables include building size, quality, age, sector, location and year of transaction. SLB transactions are found to occur at a statistically significant price premium, with the greatest premium occurring in the office sector. SLB properties achieve a 4.5 percentage point premium compared with the risk-free rate. The net initial yield of the SLB transaction sample is around 2 percentage points lower than for the non-SLB sample in every sector. Reasons for these differences are probed by considering the effect of WAULT and tenant covenant strength. From a vendor’s perspective, the results give an indication of the price premium they might be able to negotiate for their property compared with market prices. This will help them assess whether SLB is worthwhile compared with other available financing options. The findings of a yield reduction should help investors decide whether to engage in SLB investment.
Initial validation of the Multiple-Choice procedure for measuring video game playing

Abstract The inclusion of pathological gaming behavior in the most recent editions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual and the International Classification of Diseases highlights the need for increased research on this emerging topic of public health concern. Behavioral economic theories have informed conceptual and treatment models of addictive behaviors and may have a similar impact on our understanding of video gaming. The current study used an online version of the Multiple-Choice Procedure (MCP) to measure the relative reinforcing value of hypothetical video game playing for different temporal magnitudes (i.e., 10, 30, and 90 min during which to play a video game) relative to alternative monetary reinforcers available immediately or after a 1-week delay. Participants completed the MCP and the Video Game Dependency Scale (VGDS) to assess problems associated with internet gaming disorder. Similar to other addictive behaviors measured with the MCP, mean crossover points increased as temporal magnitudes increased and as delay was introduced to the alternative monetary reinforcer. MCP crossover points also added to the variance accounted for in VGDS scores. Being male was a significant predictor of VGDS scores, even after accounting for their higher frequency of video game playing. The current study is the first to investigate a behavioral economics model of video game playing. The findings strengthen the notion that similar behavioral mechanisms account for a wide range of addictive behavior. Future research is needed to assess the treatment utility of the MCP and other behavioral economic measures.
‘You’re probably going to catch me out here’: principals’ understandings of inclusion policy in complex times

ABSTRACT In this article, we reveal the complex and contested nature of principals’ understandings of inclusion policy in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Drawing upon critical policy sociology, research into inclusion, and interviews with 18 principals from rural, regional and urban areas throughout the state, the research shows how principals expressed a range of absences and uncertainties about the nature of policies pertaining to inclusion. They also tended to refer to a limited range of domains in their understandings of inclusion policy, and conflated different forms of inclusion. While principals exhibited a belief in the importance of including students with a variety of needs in a range of ways, their responses reveal how such inclusive desires can be simultaneously confounded by policy settings characterised by complexity and nebulous conceptions of inclusion. Given the importance of principals in guiding schooling practices in their respective sites, the research argues a need for increased attention to the broader policy conditions within which principals seek to exercise more inclusive practices. It also shows how such conditions need to cultivate a coherent and contextualised understanding of inclusion, rather than simply fostering principal policy enactment as merely ‘coping’.
Facilitators and constraints for a wider societal role of voluntary sports clubs – evidence from European grassroots football

ABSTRACT Voluntary sports clubs (VSCs) are increasingly cited by European policy makers as important partners in achieving non-sports related goals. The societal role is assumed to include wider functions (socialization, democratic, and integrative), and the combat against negative externalities which challenge the societal reputation of VSCs. However, VSCs are originally founded to serve members – and not particularly obligated to function as governmental agents. Accordingly, their willingness to adhere to policy goals may differ and they may lack the organizational capacity for wider, valuable societal outcomes. This study inquiries about the degree to which VSCs are committed to take on the wider societal role specified in sport policy documents at the European Union level. Additionally, potential facilitators and constraints are investigated from an organizational capacity perspective. A particular focus is set on gender diversity at the board level. The empirical evaluation draws on data from a survey of n = 4,782 football clubs in Germany, Poland and Italy. The results indicate that VSCs generally intend to take on a wider societal role. However, significant differences across the countries exist, and the commitment to integrate people with a disability and to fight intolerance does not seem to be of high relevance for most clubs. The logistic regression models suggest that VSCs’ structural capacity is particularly beneficial for a wider societal role. Gender diversity at the board level is a valuable capacity in this context. The (relative) importance of different capacity dimensions is highlighted; implications for club managers and policy makers are discussed.
Economic Experiments, Hypothetical Surveys and Market Data Studies of Insurance Demand Against Low‐Probability/High‐Impact Risks: A Systematic Review of Designs, Theoretical Insights and Determinants of Demand

This paper provides a systematic review of the literature on 80 experimental, hypothetical survey and market data studies of insurance demand against low-probability/high-impact risks. The objective of the review is to extract lessons from these studies and to outline an agenda for future research. We contrast the results of experimental and survey studies to findings from market data. We focus on experimental design methods, insurance characteristics, as well as results about theories, heuristics, behavioural biases and explanatory variables. Lessons for policymakers are drawn which can facilitate disaster preparedness.
Predictors of Elementary-aged Students’ Writing Fluency Growth in Response to a Performance Feedback Writing Intervention

Students at all grade levels in the United States are experiencing significant difficulties in the area of written expression (Salahu-Din, Persky, & Miller, 2008; U.S. Department of Education, 2012). Although performance feedback is an effective evidence-based intervention for improving the writing fluency of elementary-aged students, approximately one-third do not exhibit fluency growth (Eckert et al. 2006, 2008). The transcription skill of handwriting is a prerequisite of skilled writing (Berninger et al., 2002) and interventions to improve handwriting have concurrent positive effects on writing fluency (Berninger et al., 1997; Graham et al., 2000). Transcription skills influence the writing fluency of younger students (Graham et al., 1997; Limpo & Alves, 2013). Additionally gender influences writing fluency, with female students outperforming male students on measures of both handwriting and writing fluency (Malecki & Jewell, 2003; Olinghouse 2008). The goal of the proposed study was to determine whether third-grade students’ (n = 74) transcriptional skills and gender predicted their writing fluency growth in response to a performance feedback intervention. As hypothesized, handwriting skill accounted for some variance in writing fluency growth; however, gender did not. Students who did not respond to the intervention exhibited lower baseline writing fluency and were more likely to be male. Considerations for instruction in basic writing skills and improving the effectiveness of writing interventions are discussed.
Integration of brain activity, neurophysiology and neuromechanics in cycling performance: A conceptual framework

Neuroscience is a discipline in cycling performance that has become increasingly significant as methodologies developed and progressed. The methodological approach that incorporated with technological advancement such as electroencephalogram (EEG) contributes to the vast novelty in the area of sports neuroscience. As the nature of cycling performance works much with human and mechanical components associated with cardiovascular function and muscular force production, it directly involves the elements of neurophysiology and neuromechanics in applying sports science towards cycling performances. The integration of these two sub-disciplines of neuroscience has connected with brain activity function. Therefore, the authors aimed to develop a conceptual framework integrating brain activity into physiological and biomechanical function mainly in cycling performance. Based on this conceptual framework, it will offer a direction for future studies related to brain activity, neurophysiology and neuromechanics.
Constituting Women's Interests through Representative Claims

A recent wave of gender and politics research revisits the concept of “women's interests,” opening up new ways of thinking about who can articulate these interests and how to avoid essentialism in empirical analysis on women's substantive representation. This article seeks to advance these debates by integrating them with new work on political theory noting that speaking “for” a group also entails speaking “about” a group. Resolving some of the tensions presenting in existing work, the revised approach expands the range of actors engaged in making claims on behalf of “women” and draws a conceptual distinction between “issues,” broad policy categories, and “interests,” the content given to a particular issue. The contours of this new approach are illustrated via a comparative study of claims-making on behalf of “women” in three countries, revealing some overlaps but also important differences in the issues raised and arguments made regarding the nature of “women's interests. ” This inductive method avoids problems of essentialism by arguing that “women” and “women's interests” are constructed through, and not simply reflected in, political advocacy on their behalf.
Becoming a Global Citizen through Participation in the Global Storylines Program

This study investigates the effect of the Global Storylines educational program which aims to increase primary school students’ sustainability competences and their awareness of global problems. To obtain the data, we organized seven focus groups with a total of 52 students (25 girls, 27 boys) of an average age of 8.55 years, and conducted 7 interviews with 8 teachers (all women). The findings demonstrate the program’s likely effect on students’ improved inter- and intra-personal skills, better social climate in the classes, and students’ increased sensitivity to global issues noticeable in local communities. However, the program’s effect on student self-efficacy in mitigating the presented issues in real life does not seem to be supported. Further, this study analyzes the constraints perceived by the teachers in implementing the program in primary schools. The teachers found the program rather time-consuming and the topic more appropriate for older students. Finally, the study discusses the implications of these results for implementing and running the program in the future.
Consumer usage of online travel reviews: Expanding the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 model

The present study examines a comprehensive model of travelers’ use of online travel reviews as a form of user-generated content (UGC) through an expanded unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2) framework. The UTAUT2, which includes Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), Social Influence (SI), Facilitating Conditions, Hedonic Motivation (HM), Price-Saving Orientation, and Habit, within this study incorporates two new variables: Trustworthiness and Homophily. We empirically examine the expanded model on a sample of 200 residents in the United Kingdom. The partial least squares–structural equation modeling analysis revealed that Homophily, PR, and Price-Saving Orientation are the strongest predictors of individual usage intentions’ of UGC. Moreover, the dimension of Habit, operationalized as a subjective measure of impulsive and automatic use of UGC, was found to be the strongest predictor of travelers’ actual UGC usage. This study enhances our understanding of the explanatory variables driving the usage of online reviews (e.g. contrary to prevalent knowledge from previous works, Trustworthiness in the present study was nonsignificant), thus providing far-reaching theoretical and practical recommendations for tourism researchers and practitioners.
Anticipating exclusion: Global supply chains and Chinese business responses to the Trans-Pacific Partnership

Abstract Preferential trade agreements (PTAs) promise exclusive access for their members at the expense of excluded parties. But what does this exclusivity mean for firms in nonmember states if production networks are internationally organized? This paper analyzes the effect of PTA exclusion on firms embedded in the global supply chains, focusing on the case of China's exclusion from the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). Drawing on a survey of Chinese firm managers during the TPP negotiations, we find that productive and downstream firms anticipated the exclusion and made adjustments accordingly, which led to a general sense of optimism toward the agreement. When presented with the prospect of an expanded TPP, however, firms are divided depending on how their own positions in the global supply chain complement or compete with the new member. These findings, validated with interviews in the field, suggest that the effects of PTA exclusion depend on the ability and need for firms to adjust. As a result, exclusion does not equate to an unalloyed loss for excluded firms.
Bad civil society and the state: a complicated relationship

Civil society and the state form an inseparable couple – mutually reinforcing, controlling and cooperating with each other. This thesis will concentrate on the relationship of the state with a particular part of civil society – bad civil society. Bad civil society can occur in many forms and its activities are based, inter alia, on intolerance and hate. Whether, how and to what extent the state can tackle activities of bad civil society are going to be main questions this thesis will attempt to answer. Both an analysis of contemporary empirical examples and suggestions based on the research will be presented in this paper.
The Effects of Corporate Green Efforts for Sustainability: An Event Study Approach

This study investigates the long-term effects of corporate green efforts on the financial performances of the US public firms by using the ISO 14001 certification. Based on the natural resource based view, the rigorous event study was employed using 174 US public firms on NYSE (New York Stock Exchange) and NASDAQ (National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) to analyze the pre and post abnormal performances of the certification during the 1996–2010 period. The results indicate that ROI and Tobins’s Q showed the immediate positive response after the firms’ applying for the certification, implying that the market accepts the announcement of ISO 14001 as a positive signal. Asset turnover also showed positive abnormal performances for the short and long term. The results imply that the corporate green efforts are beneficial to the firm by improving sales and profitability, while the capital market does not clearly respond to these efforts in the long run.
Crony Capitalism as An Electoral Outcome

When property rights are poorly secured, crony relations i.e. the tight connection between the owners of major firms and the government are the primary informal mechanism securing the property. However, this institutional framework creates high entry barriers on markets. We propose a theory that explains why in a democracy the majority of voters may prefer this type of institutions. This paper develops a simple voting model with heterogeneous agents, which differ in their skills and wealth endowment. We show that if the policy space is two-dimensional, the wealthy elite and low-skilled workers may form a majority coalition, supporting the regime with high-entry barriers. In this case, the wealthy elite agrees on a higher level of redistribution, preferred by the least skilled agents. We compare the possibility of this outcome for different voting rules, and prove that the electoral support of crony capitalism is more likely for countries with a low level of human capital and high income and skill inequality. The model is also able to explain different effects of democratization process on the institutional structure of the society.
Enhancing Software Development Techniques via Copy Codebases

Most software development tasks require developers to interact with multiple versions of a codebase directly or through an analysis tool. Consider a developer, Alice, who wants to implement a new feature. To ensure that her changes are of high quality, Alice might want to continuously analyze the current codebase. To make the changes fast but with confidence, Alice might use automated transformations such as refactorings. While using these transformations Alice might want to analyze the likely future codebases, which these transformations would generate, to make more informed decisions. Finally, to pinpoint the cause of any regression defect, Alice might want to analyze historical codebases e.g., binary search the development history. Unfortunately, developers' interaction with multiple codebases is limited since modern integrated development environments (IDEs) maintain one version of the codebase with limited development history. First, it is difficult to run an arbitrary analysis continuously with development since most analyses assume that the code under analysis does not change for the duration of the analysis. Second, having access to one codebase makes it impossible to analyze likely future codebases continuously with development since the modifications done to generate the future codebases conflict with development. Third, maintaining a limited development history makes it difficult to analyze historical codebases e.g., to extract information from the development history. This dissertation introduces a novel technique, Codebase Replication, which creates and incrementally maintains a copy of the developer's codebase. Our thesis is that having access to copy codebases improves developers' interaction with the current codebase, likely future codebases, and historical codebases. Improving the developer's interaction with codebases will simplify software engineering tasks and reduce developer mistakes. Continuous analyses — analyses that run in the background after each developer edit and update their result unobtrusively — improve developers' interaction with the current codebase. Having access to an in-sync copy codebase simplifies the design and implementation of continuous analyses. We introduce Codebase Analysis, which lets developers run an existing analysis continuously with development without worrying about conflicting edits. We prototyped Solstice, an implementation of Codebase Analysis for the Eclipse IDE. Solstice has negligible (<2.5 ms) synchronization delay and IDE overhead. Using Solstice, we implemented four continuous analyses. Each of these analyses required less than 800 lines of Java code and 20 hours of development time, on average. Our case study with Solstice continuous testing shows that developers like continuous feedback and they like continuous analysis tools built with Solstice. Impure analyses — analyses that modify the source code before computing results — improve developers' interaction with likely future codebases. We show how Codebase Analysis supports impure analyses and…
Learning Together Through International Collaborative Writing Groups

The International Collaborative Writing Groups (ICWG) initiative creates a space for ongoing collaboration amongst scholars of teaching and learning who co-author a manuscript on a topic of shared interest. The second ICWG, linked to the 2015 International Society for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning Conference in Melbourne, Australia, involved 59 scholars from 11 countries. In this piece, we describe the aims, process, and outcomes for the ICWG, comparing it with the first ICWG in 2012. While international collaboration around a topic of shared interest is generally viewed positively, the realities of collaborating online with limited face-to-face interactions to complete a manuscript can be challenging. We argue, despite such challenges, that ongoing collaboration amongst scholars is vital to the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) movement. Drawing on our experience of leading the overall ICWG initiative and our research into participants’ experiences, we suggest there are individual dispositions toward collaboration that enrich and enable successful participation in ICWG experiences. We end by highlighting the final products arising from almost two year of collaborative thinking and writing from six groups.
Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Tepung Kulit Ari Kopi Pada Tepung Terigu terhadap Mutu Biskuit

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kulit ari kopi dengan tepung terigu menjadi roti biskuit. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Pengolahan Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian Program Studi Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Universitas Katolik Santo Thomas, Medan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode ekploratif dengan perbandingan persentase dengan tepung terigu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan perbandingan persentase tepung terigu 90% dengan 10% tepung kulit ari kopi, tepung terigu 80% dengan 20% tepung kulit ari kopi, tepung terigu 70% dengan 30% tepung kulit ari kopi, tepung terigu 60% dengan 40% tepung kulit ari kopi, tepung terigu 50% dengan 50% tepung kulit ari kopi, tepung terigu 40% dengan 60% tepung kulit ari kopi, tepung terigu 30% dengan 70% tepung kulit ari kopi, tepung terigu 20% dengan 80% tepung kulit ari kopi, tepung terigu 10% dengan 90% tepung kulit ari kopi. Perbandingan persentase ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan konsentrasi yang baik dalam penggunaan tepung kulit ari kopi sebagai bahan dalam pembuatan biskuit. Perbandingan persentase terbaik dalam pembuatan roti biskuit terdapat pada konsentrasi tepung terigu 90% dengan 10% tepung kulit ari kopi.