Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating Energy Expenditure With the RT3 Triaxial Accelerometer

The RT3 is a relatively new triaxial accelerometer that has replaced the TriTrac. The aim of this study was to validate the RT3 against doubly labeled water (DLW) in a free-living, mixed weight sample of adults. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured over a 15-day period using DLW. Activity-related energy expenditure (AEE) was estimated by subtracting resting energy expenditure and thermic effect of feeding from TEE. The RT3 triaxial accelerometer was worn over 14 consecutive days. TEE and AEE were estimated using the RT3 proprietary equation. Thirty-six adults ages 18–56 years (56% women) with an average weight of 75.9 kg (SD = 14.8) completed all measurements. Compared to DLW, the RT3 underestimated TEE by 539 kJ (4%) and AEE by 485 kJ (15%) on average. The RT3 provided a relatively accurate assessment of free-living activity-related energy expenditure at the group level and generally underestimated total and activity-related energy expenditure compared to DLW.
The Release of a Troop of Rehabilitated Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Outcomes and Assessment

Rehabilitation and release have become central to the management and welfare of primate species in South Africa such as the vervet monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops). However, limited research means that it is unknown whether rehabilitation is a successful management strategy for this species. This study describes the release of a troop of rehabilitated vervet monkeys and evaluates the results of 1 year of post-release monitoring. The released animals exhibited wild behaviours and established a home range. Survival could not be adequately evaluated due to the high number of untraceable animals, and troop composition was significantly different from that of wild troops. Improvement may be gained by radio-collaring more animals using improved technology, ensuring that troop composition is comparable to wild troops, excluding ex-pets from re-introduction and a more detailed assessment of the release site.
The Influence of Consumer Degree of Knowledge on Consumer Behavior: The Case of Spanish Olive Oil

This article analyses the influence of perceived quality measured across intrinsic and extrinsic attributes on satisfaction and consumer loyalty for a traditional food product as with PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) olive oil “Aceite del Bajo Aragón. ” In addition, the article highlights the influence of consumer's degree of knowledge on these relationships. The results suggest that the main drivers to explain consumers' satisfaction and loyalty are the perceived quality of the intrinsic attributes (color, appearance, flavor, etc.). However, when consumers are classified attending to their degree of knowledge the main explanatory variable of satisfaction and loyalty of the more experienced consumers are the extrinsic attributes of the product (brand name, place of origin, images associated to the product, etc.). These findings allow us to develop important managerial implications for building a brand image for a PDO.
Going beyond personal protection against mosquito bites to eliminate malaria transmission: population suppression of malaria vectors that exploit both human and animal blood

Protecting individuals and households against mosquito bites with long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) or indoor residual spraying (IRS) can suppress entire populations of unusually efficient malaria vector species that predominantly feed indoors on humans. Mosquitoes which usually feed on animals are less reliant on human blood, so they are far less vulnerable to population suppression effects of such human-targeted insecticidal measures. Fortunately, the dozens of mosquito species which primarily feed on animals are also relatively inefficient vectors of malaria, so personal protection against mosquito bites may be sufficient to eliminate transmission. However, a handful of mosquito species are particularly problematic vectors of residual malaria transmission, because they feed readily on both humans and animals. These unusual vectors feed often enough on humans to be potent malaria vectors, but also often enough on animals to evade population control with LLINs, IRS or any other insecticidal personal protection measure targeted only to humans. Anopheles arabiensis and A. coluzzii in Africa, A. darlingi in South America and A. farauti in Oceania, as well as A. culicifacies species E, A. fluviatilis species S, A. lesteri and A. minimus in Asia, all feed readily on either humans or animals and collectively mediate residual malaria transmission across most of the tropics. Eliminating malaria transmission by vectors exhibiting such dual host preferences will require aggressive mosquito population abatement, rather than just personal protection of humans. Population suppression of even these particularly troublesome vectors is achievable with a variety of existing vector control technologies that remain underdeveloped or underexploited.
Evaluation of Microphone Array for Multirotor Helicopters

High expectations are placed on the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in such tasks as rescue operations, which require a system that makes use of visual or auditory information to recognize the surrounding environment. As an example of such a system, this study examines the recognition of the environment using a helicopter mounted with a microphone array. Because the rotors of a helicopter generate high noise during operation, it is necessary to reduce the effects of this noise and those from other sources to record the audio signals coming from the ground with onboard microphones. In particular, because of helicopter body control, the rotor speed changes continuously and causes an unsteady rotor noise, which implies that it would be effective to arrange the microphones at a sufficient distance from the rotors. When a large microphone array is employed, however, the array weight may alter the helicopter’s flight characteristics and increase the noise, presenting a dilemma. This paper presents a model of rotor noise that takes into account the effect of the microphone array on the helicopter’s dynamic characteristics and proposes a method of evaluating the optimality of the array configuration, which is necessary for design. The validity of the proposed method is investigated using a multirotor helicopter mounted with a microphone array previously developed by the authors. In addition, an application example for locating sound sources on the ground using this helicopter is presented.
Use and quality of mental health services for Haitian youth

Objective. To describe the mental health service use of Haitian, African-American, and non-Latino White youth in a community mental health setting. Groups are compared on adherence to treatment guidelines for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depressive disorders. Design. Retrospective review of outpatient mental health charts (n=252) from five community sites in an urban area of the Northeastern United States. We recorded the total number and treatment type of sessions during the first six months of treatment. Guideline-adherent treatments were compared and predicted after controlling for clinical need. Results. Most Haitian and African-American youth stopped treatment by six months, with the majority attending less than eight sessions. One third of Haitian and African-American patients attended just one session. Haitian patients who presented with less severe symptoms and dysfunction were more likely to have single-session treatments. Guideline-adherent treatment for ADHD and depression was less likely for Haitians. Older patients were more likely to receive adequate depression treatment. Haitian youth were relatively underinsured, had more family separations documented, and received Adjustment Disorder diagnoses more often. Conclusions. Haitian youth use outpatient mental health services in similar proportion to African-American youth and at lower rates than White youth. Guideline-adherent treatment for ADHD and depression is limited by low retention in care for Black youth. Low insurance coverage is likely an important contributor to reduced use of services, especially for Haitians. These findings are discussed in the context of providing culturally sensitive mental health care to diverse communities.
Comparison of serum versus plasma collection in gas chromatography – Mass spectrometry‐based metabolomics

Bovine serum, EDTA‐plasma and EDTA‐plasma fortified with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) as antioxidant were compared with regard to their suitability for metabolomic studies. Metabolic fingerprints were generated from GC‐TOF‐MS data using the Leco ChromaTOF® software in combination with the in‐house retention time correction and data alignment tool INCA. A total of 6, 9 and 21 significant features with a false discovery rate of <0.05 were identified by INCA upon comparing EDTA‐ versus EDTA‐ASA‐plasma, EDTA‐plasma versus serum and EDTA‐ASA‐plasma versus serum, respectively. To confirm that the observed signal intensities in the GC‐TOF‐MS fingerprints reflected true metabolite abundances, 19 amino acids, glucose and 6 organic acids were quantified by means of GC‐MS using stable‐isotope‐labeled internal standards. As observed with the fingerprints, only the concentrations of lactate and citrate were found to be significantly lower in EDTA‐plasma and serum, respectively, whereas the concentrations of the other metabolites were similar among the three sample types investigated.
Ciliary abnormalities in senescent human fibroblasts impair proliferative capacity

Somatic cells senesce in culture after a finite number of divisions indefinitely arresting their proliferation. DNA damage and senescence increase the cellular number of centrosomes, the 2 microtubule organizing centers that ensure bipolar mitotic spindles. Centrosomes also provide the basal body from which primary cilia extend to sense and transduce various extracellular signals, notably Hedgehog. Primary cilium formation is facilitated by cellular quiescence a temporary cell cycle exit, but the impact of senescence on cilia is unknown. We found that senescent human fibroblasts have increased frequency and length of primary cilia. Levels of the negative ciliary regulator CP110 were reduced in senescent cells, as were levels of key elements of the Hedgehog pathway. Hedgehog inhibition reduced proliferation in young cells with increased cilium length accompanying cell cycle arrest suggesting a regulatory function for Hedgehog in primary ciliation. Depletion of CP110 in young cell populations increased ciliation frequencies and reduced cell proliferation. These data suggest that primary cilia are potentially novel determinants of the reduced cellular proliferation that initiates senescence.
Assessing the interaction of price optimisation and system-wide transportation selection on a third-party logistics provider

We utilise a non-linear integer programming model of ABC's (the name of the company has been disguised) combined forward-reverse logistics system that enables them to enhance their strategic planning in three ways: 1) improve their pricing on both outbound and inbound items for clients; 2) systemically select better transportation options; 3) systemically select better outsourcing options. We compare the recommendations from this model against the most representative (i.e., baseline) model for ABC's system in the extant literature. This baseline model does not perform 1-3. We show that considering 1-2 simultaneously results in significantly higher system-wide profits than just 1 alone, and that this profit increase is enhanced when ABC is operating in higher price elasticity markets. These results have promise to generalise to other third party logistics providers since their systems are similar.
Market Liquidity: A Study from Proprietary Algorithmic Traders Perspective

In this paper, we investigate the role of proprietary algorithmic traders in facilitating liquidity in a limit order market. Using the order level data from National Stock Exchange of India, we find that they increase limit order supply following periods of high short-term volatility or periods of extreme stock movement. We define HFT as a subclass of proprietary algorithmic traders who uses very low latency. The behaviour of HFT mimics the behaviour of its parent class. This is inconsistent with the theory that fast traders leave the market when stress situations arise, although their limit order supplying behaviour becomes neutral when short-term volatility is more informational than transactional. The agency algorithmic traders behave opposite to proprietary algorithmic traders by reducing supply of liquidity during stress situations. We also document that order imbalance of agency algorithmic traders is found to affect short-term returns, while order imbalance of proprietary algorithmic traders is related to short-term returns in a much lesser capacity.
Isotonic crystalloid solutions: a structured review of the literature.

BACKGROUND Several different crystalloid solutions are available for i.v. fluid administration but there is little information about their specific advantages and disadvantages. METHODS We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL up until May 17, 2012, selecting all prospective human studies that directly compared any near-isotonic crystalloids and reported any outcome. RESULTS From the 5060 articles retrieved in the search, only 28 met the selection criteria. There was considerable heterogeneity among the studies. Several articles reported an increased incidence of hyperchloraemic acidosis with the use of normal saline, and others an increase in blood lactate levels when large amounts of Ringer's lactate solutions were infused. From the limited data available, normal saline administration appears to be associated with increased blood loss and greater red blood cell transfusion volumes in high-risk populations compared to Ringer's lactate. Possible effects of the different solutions on renal function, inflammatory response, temperature, hepatic function, glucose metabolism, and splanchnic perfusion are also reported. The haemodynamic profiles of all the solutions were similar. CONCLUSIONS Different solutions have different effects on acid-base status, electrolyte levels, coagulation, renal, and hepatic function. Whether these differences have clinical consequences remains unclear.
Innovation Strategies and Firm Growth

In this work, we explore the relations between sales growth and a set of innovation indicators that capture the different sources, modes and results of the innovative activity undertaken within firms. We exploit a rich panel on innovation activity of Spanish manufacturing firms, reporting detailed CIS-type information continuously over the period 2004-2011. Standard GMM-panel estimates of the average effect of innovation activities reveal significant and positive effect for internal R&D, while no effect is found for external sourcing of knowledge (external R&D, acquisition of embodied and disembodied technologies) as well as for output of innovation (process and product innovation). However, fixed-effects quantile regressions reveal that innovation activities, apart from process innovation and disembodied technical change, display a positive effect on high-growth performance. Finally, we find evidence of super-modularity of the growth function, revealing complementarities of internal R&D with product innovation, and between product and process innovation.
Genetic variation in the timing of first cleavage in mice: effect of maternal genotype.

Eggs from female mice of eleven genotypes that had been fertilized in vivo were cultured in vitro in defined medium. The median time of first cleavage of eggs fertilized by BALB/cWt males was 24.8 h with BALB/cBy mothers and about 22 h with C57BL/6By or C57 X BALB Fl mothers. Eggs from females of seven recombinant-inbred lines had median times of first cleavage that ranged from 20.5 h in CXBI to 26.8 h in CXBJ. The timing of first cleavage bore no apparent relationship to the risk of occurrence of hermaphrodite offspring, which also differed between the recombinant- inbred lines. When mated to SJL X SWR Fl males, which never produce hermaphrodite off- spring, BALB X C57 Fl, CXBH, and SJL X SWR Fl females produced eggs that cleaved at differ- ent times, but in all cases earlier than eggs of the same genotype fertilized by BALB/cWt males. Fertilized eggs from CXBJ females often underwent first cleavage successfully but failed to develop further in culture. Almost all eggs from females of the other genotypes formed blastocysts successfully. Eggs that had completed first cleavage were somewhat less likely to form blastocysts if they had been fertilized by a BALB/cWt male than if they had been fertilized by some other male.
An Incremental Computer

The article describes a variable high-speed incremental computer that adopts the basic concept underlying a digital differential analyzer (DDA). Its structure closely resembles that of a microprocessor and includes the following features: floating-point arithmetic, a word-length transfer with the elimination of a residue (R) register, multibit multiplication, and a flexible software scheme of interconnections that includes the use of a stack to avoid redundant operations. The proposed structure has been simulated by solving a variety of differential equations with distinctly accurate results.
Intellectual Capital in Religious Organisations: Malaysian Zakat Institutions Perspective

The current study investigates the relationship between intellectual capital with zakat institutions' performance. Intellectual capital is a broad concept that recognizes knowledge, learning capabilities, innovativeness of the employees as well as skills of the organisation as the key ingredients in economic development, replacing tangible resources and financial capital. Intellectual capital consists of three main constructs namely human capital, relational capital and structural capital. In order to meet the objectives, survey questionnaires were distributed to employees of zakat institutions in Malaysia. The result of the study provides evidence that intellectual capital influences the performance of zakat institutions. Meanwhile, only two out of three intellectual capital constructs which are human capital and relational capital have significant positive relationships towards zakat institutions' performance. This reflects that experience, competencies and skills of human resources and knowledge embeds in the relationships with zakat recipients, zakat contributors and others such as government are considerably important in enhancing efficiency of the zakat institutions. On the other hand, the structural capital does not have any influence over zakat institutions' performance. The findings of this study offer guidelines to the managers of zakat institutions in decision making and formulating strategies relevant to the knowledge development of the organizations.
Improving georeferencing accuracy of Very High Resolution satellite imagery using freely available ancillary data at global coverage

ABSTRACT While impressive direct geolocation accuracies better than 5.0 m CE90 (90% of circular error) can be achieved from the last DigitalGlobe’s Very High Resolution (VHR) satellites (i.e. GeoEye-1 and WorldView-1/2/3/4), it is insufficient for many precise geodetic applications. For these sensors, the best horizontal geopositioning accuracies (around 0.55 m CE90) can be attained by using third-order 3D rational functions with vendor’s rational polynomial coefficients data refined by a zero-order polynomial adjustment obtained from a small number of very accurate ground control points (GCPs). However, these high-quality GCPs are not always available. In this work, two different approaches for improving the initial direct geolocation accuracy of VHR satellite imagery are proposed. Both of them are based on the extraction of three-dimensional GCPs from freely available ancillary data at global coverage such as multi-temporal information of Google Earth and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission 30 m digital elevation model. The application of these approaches on WorldView-2 and GeoEye-1 stereo pairs over two different study sites proved to improve the horizontal direct geolocation accuracy values around of 75%.
A low-power sub-nanosecond standard-cells based adder

This paper presents a new standard-cells based low-power subnanosecond 64-bit adder. For the first time, in the proposed circuit, a hybrid quaternary carry-look-ahead carry-skip tree is exploited to quickly compute carries into appropriate positions. Moreover, sum units organized as carry-increment blocks are used. When realized with the standard-cell libraries of the ST 0.18 /spl mu/m 1.8 V CMOS technology, the new adder exhibits a computational delay of just 980 ps, an average power dissipation of 27 mW at 500 MHz and a silicon area occupancy of about 0.015 mm/sup 2/.
Modern management of pancreatic carcinoma

Pancreatic cancer remains a fearsome disease. New insights into the molecular pathogenesis may influence choice of treatment modalities and provide avenues for novel therapeutic strategies for testing in the clinic. The survival rate of patients with all stages of disease is poor and clinical trials are appropriate alternatives for treatment and should be considered. Surgical resection, when possible, remains the primary treatment modality and can result in long‐term cure. Less invasive techniques such as laparoscopy may reduce the rate of unnecessary laparotomies. The role of adjuvant therapy is re‐emerging. Patients with unresectable and metastatic disease are incurable and optimal palliation is the goal. These patients may benefit from palliative bypass of biliary or duodenal obstruction if symptomatic. Pain associated with local tumour infiltration may be palliated with radiation, with or without chemotherapy, or with coeliac nerve blocks or local neurosurgical procedures. Chemotherapy with gemcitabine has modest objective response rates but has been shown to improve symptoms. (Intern Med J 2004; 34: 475−481)
The MAPK Pathway Regulates Intrinsic Resistance to BET Inhibitors in Colorectal Cancer

Purpose: The bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) family proteins are epigenetic readers for acetylated histone marks. Emerging BET bromodomain inhibitors have exhibited antineoplastic activities in a wide range of human cancers through suppression of oncogenic transcription factors, including MYC. However, the preclinical activities of BET inhibitors in advanced solid cancers are moderate at best. To improve BET-targeted therapy, we interrogated mechanisms mediating resistance to BET inhibitors in colorectal cancer. Experimental Design: Using a panel of molecularly defined colorectal cancer cell lines, we examined the impact of BET inhibition on cellular proliferation and survival as well as MYC activity. We further tested the ability of inhibitors targeting the RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) pathway to enhance MYC suppression and circumvent intrinsic resistance to BET inhibitors. Key findings were validated using genetic approaches. Results: BET inhibitors as monotherapy moderately reduced colorectal cancer cell proliferation and MYC expression. Blockade of the MAPK pathway synergistically sensitized colorectal cancer cells to BET inhibitors, leading to potent apoptosis and MYC downregulation in vitro and in vivo. A combination of JQ1 and trametinib, but neither agent alone, induced significant regression of subcutaneous colorectal cancer xenografts. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the MAPK pathway confers intrinsic resistance to BET inhibitors in colorectal cancer and propose an effective combination strategy for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 23(8); 2027–37. ©2016 AACR.