Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Involvement of DPP‐IV catalytic residues in enzyme–saxagliptin complex formation

The inhibition of DPP‐IV by saxagliptin has been proposed to occur through formation of a covalent but reversible complex. To evaluate further the mechanism of inhibition, we determined the X‐ray crystal structure of the DPP‐IV:saxagliptin complex. This structure reveals covalent attachment between S630 and the inhibitor nitrile carbon (C–O distance <1.3 Å). To investigate whether this serine addition is assisted by the catalytic His‐Asp dyad, we generated two mutants of DPP‐IV, S630A and H740Q, and assayed them for ability to bind inhibitor. DPP‐IVH740Q bound saxagliptin with an ∼1000‐fold reduction in affinity relative to DPP‐IVWT, while DPP‐IVS630A showed no evidence for binding inhibitor. An analog of saxagliptin lacking the nitrile group showed unchanged binding properties to the both mutant proteins, highlighting the essential role S630 and H740 play in covalent bond formation between S630 and saxagliptin. Further supporting mechanism‐based inhibition by saxagliptin, NMR spectra of enzyme–saxagliptin complexes revealed the presence of three downfield resonances with low fractionation factors characteristic of short and strong hydrogen bonds (SSHB). Comparison of the NMR spectra of various wild‐type and mutant DPP‐IV:ligand complexes enabled assignment of a resonance at ∼14 ppm to H740. Two additional DPP‐IV mutants, Y547F and Y547Q, generated to probe potential stabilization of the enzyme–inhibitor complex by this residue, did not show any differences in inhibitor binding either by ITC or NMR. Together with the previously published enzymatic data, the structural and binding data presented here strongly support a histidine‐assisted covalent bond formation between S630 hydroxyl oxygen and the nitrile group of saxagliptin.
Radiation doses to rodents inhabiting a radioactive waste receiving area.

A study was conducted of the gamma ray doses to four species of native rodents inhabiting a low level radioactive liquid waste disposal area. Absorbed doses of radiation were measured with lithium fluroide thermoluminescent dosimeters that . were implanted subcutaneously. The absorbed radiation doses and I3’Cs body burdens were significantly higher for western harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis) than for deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), piiion mice (P. truei) and the least chipmunk (Eutamias minimus), reflecting differences in mobility and habitat preferences of the respective species. The average dose received by harvest mice was 26 mradlday, which was 26% of the highest gamma dose detected at the ground surface in the study plot, although the maximum dose received by individual mice was as’high as 45% of the maximum dose rates in the plot.
Role Of Dietary Antioxidants In Periodontitis: A Preventive Approach

In periodontitis, one of the major pathologic patterns is an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Reactive oxygen species are produced by polymorph nuclear cells as an inflammatory response to invading pathogenic bacteria. This imbalance among the production of free radicals and local antioxidants results in periodontal tissue destruction and a state of oxidative stress develops. In recent years, beneficial effects of antioxidants against various chronic disorder induced by oxidative stress have received much attention. This review is intended to summarize the role of dietary antioxidants in prevention of periodontal disease.
Training and development program and its benefits to employee and organization: A conceptual study

The purpose of this paper is to present a conceptual study established on the employee training and development program and its benefits. This paper will inspect the structure and elements of employee training and development program and later the study present what are the positive outcomes for employees and organizations. Organizations find it difficult to stay competitive in recent global economy. Importance of employee development program is growing for the organizations those pursuing to receive an advantage among competitors. Employees are esteemed resource of the organization and success or failure of the organization relay on the performance of employees. Therefore, organizations are financing large amount on employee training and development programs. Furthermore, in training program it is supportive for companies to emphasis on knowledge, expertise and ability of employees. There is substantial discussion among professionals and researchers on the affect that development program has on both employee and organization. The study described here is a vigilant assessment of literature on fundamental of employee development program and its benefits to organizations and employees.
Robotic repair of vesicovaginal fistula (VVF)

While worldwide, the predominant cause of VVF is obstructed labour due to poor obstetric care, in obstetrically developed countries this is usually an iatrogenic complication of gynaecological surgery, most commonly abdominal hysterectomy, occurring in one in every 1800 hysterectomies [ 2 – 4 ] . Generally, VVF occurs 1 – 6 weeks after gynaecological or obstetric surgery, while recurrent fi stula can develop within the fi rst 3 months after primary repair [ 2 ] .
Knowledge management : an exploration of knowledge sharing within project-based organisations

&9! Declaration&. &10! Copyright&Statement&. &11! Acknowledgements&. &12! Chapter&1! Introduction&. &2! 1.1! Introduction&. &2! 1.2! Problem&statement&. &3! 1.3! Research&Questions&. &6! 1.4! Research&aim&and&objectives&. &6! 1.5! Scope&of&the&research&. &7! 1.6! Structure&of&the&thesis&. &7! Chapter&2! Literature&review:&Theoretical&background&. &11! 2.1! Introduction&. &11! 2.2! Definition&of&knowledge&. &12! 2.3! Dimension&of&knowledge&. &17! 2.4! Knowledge&management&. &18! 2.4.1! Definition! of! knowledge! management! 18! 2.4.2! Objectives! of! knowledge! management! 21! 2.4.3! The! orientation! of! knowledge! management! 22! 2.4.4! Different! perspective! of! knowledge! management! 23! 2.4.4.1! ResourceDBased! view! 23! 2.4.4.2! KnowledgeDBased! view! 25! 2.4.4.3! Learning! organisation! perspective! 26! 2.4.4. 4! Social! Capital! Theory! 28! 2.4.4.5! Other! knowledge! management! perspectives! 29! 2.4.5! Influencing! factors! of! knowledge! management! 34! 2.4. 6! Critiques! towards! knowledge! management! 39!
Tree-level scalar-fermion interactions consistent with the symmetries of the standard model.

We present a survey of all possible scalar particles that can couple at the tree level to the standard fermions in the standard model. We discuss the phenomenology of such scalars. In particular, we examine the influence of exotic scalars on $g\ensuremath{-}2$ measurements, flavor-changing neutral currents, and $\mathrm{CP}$ violation. We also comment briefly upon decays and production of these particles.
A Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study of the Ampakine CX516 Added to Clozapine in Schizophrenia

CX516, a positive modulator of the glutamatergic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptor, improves performance in tasks requiring learning and memory in animals. CX516 was added to clozapine in 4-week, placebo-controlled, dose-finding (N = 6) and fixed-dose (N = 13) trials. CX516 was tolerated well and was associated with moderate to large, between-group effect sizes compared with placebo, representing improvement in measures of attention and memory. These preliminary results suggest that CX516 and other “ampakines” hold promise for the treatment of schizophrenia.
A Scale-Out Enterprise Storage Architecture

A robust enterprise SSD design should provide scalable throughput and storage capacity by integrating (up to thousands) flash chips in a scale-out fashion. However, the current "channel-based" SSD architecture is not a scalable design choice to allow such a dense integration. Motivated by the inherent architectural scalability of PCIe, we propose UT-SSD, a novel enterprise-scale scale-out SSD architecture, which enables the connection of a large number of (1000s) flash chips using the native PCIe buses instead of the conventional channels. We also propose an architectural enhancement that further improves the performance of our base UT-SSD by maximizing flash utilization. Our experimental analysis of UT-SSD with workloads drawn from various domains shows that the throughput of UT-SSD can reach up to 110 GB/s by successfully aggregating the bandwidth of 4096 flash chips. In addition, our proposed enhancement over this base UT-SSD increases the flash utilization by 50.7%, which in turn results in 116% additional throughput improvement.
Patients' preferences for participation in clinical decision making: a review of published surveys.

Models of doctor-patient relations vary between "paternalistic" and "informative. " The paternalistic model emphasizes doctors' authority; alternative models allow patients to exercise their rights to autonomy. Published surveys indicate that most patients want to be informed about their diseases, that a proportion of patients want to participate in planning management of their illnesses, and that some patients would rather be completely passive and would avoid any information. The severity of the patients' conditions, and their being older, less well educated, and male are predictors of a preference for the passive role in the doctor-patient relationship, but demographic and situational characteristics explain only 20% or less of the variability in preferences. The only way a physician can gain insight into an individual patient's desire to participate in decision making is through direct enquiry. The ability to communicate health-related information and to determine the patients' desire to participate in medical decisions should be viewed as a basic clinical skill.
2009 Influenza A H1N1 Infections: Delays in Starting Treatment With Oseltamivir Were Associated With a More Severe Disease

Respiratory failure has been the main severe complication described in pediatric patients with influenza A H1N1 2009 (pandemic H1N1) infection. We describe the pandemic H1N1 2009 disease in children who required hospital admission and the patients' data associated with pediatric intensive care unit admission. Respiratory failure was the main complication. Extrapulmonary manifestations were also observed. Of the 127 patients, 24 required pediatric intensive care unit admission. Four patients died. Patients admitted with chronic conditions and those in whom oseltamivir was delayed more than 72 hours had a more severe disease.
Functional Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Type 1 and Adrenomedullin Receptors in Human Trigeminal Ganglia, Brain Vessels, and Cerebromicrovascular or Astroglial Cells in Culture

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and adrenomedullin (ADM) are potent dilators of human brain arteries, and they have been implicated in the neurogenic inflammation underlying migraine headache and in the evolution of stroke, respectively. However, little is known about the presynaptic and postsynaptic distribution of their respective receptors in the human cerebrovascular bed and trigeminovascular system. In the current study, the expression of mRNA for ADM and the two cloned human CGRP1 receptors (identified here as A-CGRP1 receptors [Aiyar et al., 1996] and K-CGRP1 receptors) [Kapas and Clark, 1995] were evaluated in human brain vessels and trigeminal ganglia. Further, the ability of CGRP and ADM to activate adenylate cyclase in cerebromicrovascular and astroglial cell cultures was determined, and the receptors involved were characterized pharmacologically. Isolated human pial vessels, intracortical microvessels, and capillaries, as well as cultures of brain endothelial (EC), smooth muscle (SMC), and astroglial (AST) cells, all expressed mRNA for the two cloned CGRP1 receptors; however, message for the K-CGRP1 receptor was barely detectable in microvascular tissues and cells. In contrast, only isolated capillaries and cultured AST exhibited message for the ADM receptor. In human trigeminal ganglia, mRNA for ADM and the two CGRP1 receptors was systematically present The CGRP dose-dependently increased (up to 50-fold) cAMP formation in cell cultures, an effect significantly blocked by 0.1 to 10 μmol/L of the CGRP1 receptor antagonist CGRP8–37. The ADM receptor agonist, ADM13–52 (1 μmol/L), similarly increased cAMP production in all cell types, and this response was virtually abolished by 1 μmol/L CGRP8–37. Low concentrations (1 to 10 μmol/L) of the ADM receptor antagonist ADM22–52 blocked the ADM13–52-induced cAMP formation in AST (26% at 10 μmol/L, P < 0.05), whereas they potentiated this response in brain EC and SMC (40% and 100%, P < 0.001, respectively). Even at a higher dose (50 μmol/L), ADM22–52 inhibited the ADM13–52 effect in vascular cells (45%) much less effectively than in AST (95%). These results indicate that both CGRP and ADM can affect human brain vessels through a CGRP1 receptor, and they further suggest the presence of functional ADM receptors in human astroglial cells.
The Generations and Restaurant Types

Previously, research has created several scales for measuring different facets of the dining experience and suggest the need to do more segmentation by age. This research does that by collecting panel data to determine if there are relationships between the generations (Silent, Boomers, Xers, Yers, and Nexters) and the four main types of restaurants (QSR, fast casual, casual, fine dining). This was also conducted in an online environment as most consumers are now researching before they buy using the internet. The results indicate that Casual restaurants are associated with Boomers and Nexters while Fast Casual restaurants are associated with Gen Y and Nexters. The heavy user subsegments for each generation are also analyzed. The implications of these findings for restaurant management are discussed.
Split sex ratios in the social Hymenoptera: a meta-analysis

The study of sex allocation in social Hymenoptera (ants, bees, and wasps) provides an excellent opportunity for testing kinselection theory and studying conflict resolution. A queen‐worker conflict over sex allocation is expected because workers are more related to sisters than to brothers, whereas queens are equally related to daughters and sons. If workers fully control sex allocation, split sex ratio theory predicts that colonies with relatively high or low relatedness asymmetry (the relatedness of workers to females divided by the relatedness of workers to males) should specialize in females or males, respectively. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the magnitude of adaptive sex allocation biasing by workers and degree of support for split sex ratio theory in the social Hymenoptera. Overall, variation in relatedness asymmetry (due to mate number or queen replacement) and variation in queen number (which also affects relatedness asymmetry in some conditions) explained 20.9% and 5% of the variance in sex allocation among colonies, respectively. These results show that workers often bias colony sex allocation in their favor as predicted by split sex ratio theory, even if their control is incomplete and a large part of the variation among colonies has other causes. The explanatory power of split sex ratio theory was close to that of local mate competition and local resource competition in the few species of social Hymenoptera where these factors apply. Hence, three of the most successful theories explaining quantitative variation in sex allocation are based on kin selection. Key words: meta-analysis, queen‐worker conflict, relatedness asymmetry, sex allocation, social insects, split sex ratio. [Behav Ecol]
Volatility Forecasting: The Role of Internet Search Activity and Implied Volatility

Growing literature has documented that Internet search activity is associated with volatility in the financial and commodity markets. We reexamine the role of the Internet search activity in the context of volatility prediction in these markets. We broaden the scope by including three traditional predictors (returns, trading volume and implied volatility) and by using not only in-sample but also out-of-sample analysis. We find that implied volatility plays a crucial role in evaluating the contribution of Internet search activity data. Our results show that the predictive role of the Internet search activity data disappears in the stock index and foreign exchange markets and substantially declines in the commodity markets once implied volatility is included in the benchmark model. This finding contributes to our understanding of what informational content is captured by the Internet search activity data. It appears to capture similar information as implied volatility.
Promotional marketing through mobile phone SMS: a cross-cultural examination of consumer acceptance

Abstract This current study investigates a special effect of consumer behaviour – how store coupons, i.e. special discounts offered by retail stores, influence consumer behaviour. The scope of this research addresses the cross-cultural effect of consumer behavioural expectations by marketers. Based on a literature review and the theoretical basis of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model, we propose an extended theoretical model to examine cross-cultural effects on the dependent variable of behavioural intention to accept store coupons sent through mobile phone short messaging services (SMS). The study was conducted using consumers in Canada and Bangladesh. The final model, developed through a statistical analysis conducted by LISREL, identified that culture has a potential impact on consumer behaviour in this specific response-stimulus model. It also recognized that any specific consumer phenomenon, such as consumer acceptance of mobile phone-based promotional marketing through SMS, cannot be completely captured by the UTAUT2 model.
Fundamental analysis and stock returns: An Indian evidence

This paper investigates the relationship between accounting information and stock returns of selected Indian stocks pertaining to Information Technology, Banking and Pharmacy sectors over the past ten years starting from 2001 to 2010. In this research work a simple financial score is designed to capture short term changes in firm’s operating efficiency, Profitability and Financial policy. Investigating accounting information and stock returns is a method adopted in Fundamental analysis, which is helpful in predicting future stock returns and for explaining the momentum phenomenon in stock prices. For the purpose of this research work were chosen from Banking, Pharmacy and Information Technology. For a period of ten years the data pertaining to operating efficiency, profitability and financial policy was ascertained. All this data is then put into F SCORE as developed by Piotroski in the year 2000. The score values and market returns as provided by the companies were correlated to investigate the relationship between the score and the market adjusted returns. The goal of this paper is to show that investors can create a stronger value portfolio by using simple historical financial performance.
An Investigation of the Theory Practice Gap in Professional Sales

This article considers the theory-practice gap in professional sales. Scholars note a discrepancy between scholarly knowledge and the practice of selling. We study three exemplar gaps using an extensive qualitative dataset, mainly in-depth interviews, in order to better understand why these gaps exist. Theory-practice gaps in listening, follow-up, and adaptability have not been empirically confirmed in light of rapid change in the sales field. After confirming these gaps, we explore antecedents, uncovering several underlying reasons for gap formation. We consider theoretical and managerial implications. In particular, we elaborate on the need for theory to be more relevant and contextualized.
HUBUNGAN PROFITABILITAS DENGAN AUDIT DELAY PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SEKTOR ANEKA INDUSTRI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

This research is to know whether there are a relationship profitability with audit delay at miscellaneous industry listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) or not.Test of analysis condition performed with test of estimated normality error Y on X with Liliefors test which resulted in Lcal (0,1516) l Ltable (0,1517) it's showed that data was normally distributed.Hypothesis test started with looking for simple regression which in this study yielded in Ŷ= 96,11 - 47,0603X. Test regression linierity resulted in Fcal (4,35) g Ftable (4,17) it's showed a linear regression model. Calculation from Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient revealed that rxy = -0,3559 meant there was a negative correlation between profitability and audit delay. Calculation of correlation coefisient significance resulted tcal (-2,086) g ttable (1,697) meant that correlation between profitability and audit delay is significant while test of determination coeficient revealed 12,67% profitability affect audit delay.Therefore, the study concluded there was a negative significant correlation between profitabilityand audit delay at miscellaneous industry listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX).
Consumer'S Attitude Regarding Organic Products

AbstractThe threat of continued food scares has driven growth in the organic market in the last few years, as consumers have come to distrust many conventional products and have taken a greater interest in food safety mechanisms. This concern for food safety is now at its peak throughout Europe, and Spanish consumers are similarly concerned about the quality of the food they are eating.Spanish organic agriculture has grown very fast in the last decade; the land devoted to organic production methods has increased more than 150 times and the manufacturers are also solidly established. On the other hand, the efforts to boost organic production have to be accompanied by the development of a national action plan for organic food to improve the whole situation of the organic sector and to assure consumers of consistent product quality.As a part of a research project, we describe here the situation of the Spanish organic food sector and the political initiatives carried out, and the analysis of the Spanish consumer, through a national survey carried out by telephone interviews. The consumers' knowledge level about organic products, their behaviour and attitude facing these products are studied. And, as conclusions of this research study, we show possible marketing strategies to satisfy the consumers' needs and preferences.