Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Syddansk Universitet Effect of Low-Energy Linear Shockwave Therapy on Erectile Dysfunction A Double-Blinded , Sham-Controlled , Randomized Clinical Trial

Received Au Departmen Southern D Departmen Denmark, O Urological University Copyright a the Interna article und licenses/byhttp://dx.doi 106 Introduction: Previous studies have shown that focal low-energy extracorporeal shockwave therapy (Li-ESWT) can have a positive effect in men with erectile dysfunction (ED). Linear Li-ESWT (LLi-ESWT) for ED has not been previously assessed in a randomized trial. Aim: To evaluate the treatment outcome of LLi-ESWT for ED. Methods: Men with ED (n 1⁄4 126) and a score lower than 25 points on the International Index of Erectile Function erectile function domain (IIEF-EF) were included. Subjects were allocated to receive LLi-ESWT once a week for 5 weeks or sham treatment once a week for 5 weeks. After a 4-week break, the two groups received active treatment once a week for 5 weeks. Subjects completed the IIEF, Erection Hardness Scale (EHS), Sexual Quality of LifeeMen, and the Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction at baseline, after 9 weeks, and after 18 weeks. Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome measurement was an increase of at least five points on the IIEF-EF score. The secondary outcome measurement was an increased EHS score to at least 3 in men with a score no higher than 2 at baseline. Data were analyzed by linear and logistic regression. Results: Mean IIEF-EF scores were 11.5 at baseline (95% CI 1⁄4 9.8e13.2), 13.0 after five sessions (95% CI 1⁄4 11.0e15.0), and 12.6 after 10 sessions (95% CI 1⁄4 11.0e14.2) in the sham group and correspondingly 10.9 (95% CI 1⁄4 9.1e12.7), 13.1 (95% CI 1⁄4 9.3e13.4), and 11.8 (95% CI 1⁄4 10.1e13.4) in the ESWT group. Success rates based on IIEF-EF score were 38.3% in the sham group and 37.9% in the ESWT group (odds ratio 1⁄4 0.95, 95% CI 1⁄4 0.45e2.02, P 1⁄4 .902). Success rates based on EHS score were 6.7% in the sham group and 3.5% in the ESWT group (odds ratio 1⁄4 0.44, 95% CI 1⁄4 0.08e2.61, P 1⁄4 .369). A limitation of this study is that device settings (number of shockwaves and penetration depth) were estimated based on an existing trial on focused ESWT. Conclusion: No clinically relevant effect of LLi-ESWT on ED was found. J Sex Med 2017;14:106e112. Copyright 2016, The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the International Society for Sexual Medicine. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas sp. Strain B1, Isolated from a Contaminated Sediment

ABSTRACT The draft genome sequence of Pseudomonas sp. strain B1, isolated from a contaminated soil, is reported. The genome comprises 6,706,934 bases, 6,059 coding sequences, and 70 RNAs and has a G+C content of 60.3%. A suite of biodegradative genes, many located on genomic islands, were identified from strain B1, further enhancing our understanding of the versatile pseudomonads.
PLUTO’s ATMOSPHERE FROM STELLAR OCCULTATIONS IN 2012 AND 2013

We analyze two multi-chord stellar occultations by Pluto that were observed on 2012 July 18th and 2013 May 4th, and respectively monitored from five and six sites. They provide a total of fifteen light curves, 12 of which were used for a simultaneous fit that uses a unique temperature profile, assuming a clear (no haze) and pure N2 atmosphere, but allowing for a possible pressure variation between the two dates. We find a solution that satisfactorily fits (i.e., within the noise level) all of the 12 light curves, providing atmospheric constraints between ∼1190 km (pressure ∼11 μbar) and ∼1450 km (pressure ∼0.1 μbar) from Pluto’s center. Our main results are: (1) the best-fitting temperature profile shows a stratosphere with a strong positive gradient between 1190 km (at 36 K, 11 μbar) and r = 1215 km (6.0 μbar), where a temperature maximum of 110 K is reached; above it is a mesosphere with a negative thermal gradient of −0.2 K km−1 up to ∼1390 km (0.25 μbar), where the mesosphere connects itself to a more isothermal upper branch around 81 K; (2) the pressure shows a small (6%) but significant increase (6σ level) between the two dates; (3) without a troposphere, Pluto’s radius is found to be R P = 1190 ± ? > 5 km. Allowing for a troposphere, RP is constrained to lie between 1168 and 1195 km; and (4) the currently measured CO abundance is too small to explain the mesospheric negative thermal gradient. Cooling by HCN is possible, but only if this species is largely saturated. Alternative explanations like zonal winds or vertical compositional variations of the atmosphere are unable to explain the observed mesospheric negative thermal gradient.
Calcifying odontogenic cyst: A 26-year retrospective clinicopathological analysis and immunohistochemical study

Background To identify the prevalence and clinicopathological profile of calcifying odontogenic cysts (COC) stored at an oral pathology service, and to analyze the immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and cyclin D1 (CD1) in these cysts. Material and Methods After a retrospective analysis (1990-2016) carried out to identify cases of COC, a sample of 12 cases was selected for immunohistochemical analysis of COX-2 and CD1 by the immunoperoxidase technique. Protein expression was evaluated semiquantitatively by attributing a score of 0 to 3 (0 = no staining; 1 = 1-25%; 2 = 26-50%, and 3 = >51% immunopositive cells). Results Twenty cases of COC were diagnosed over the study period. These cysts were more common in the posterior mandible and in men (male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1), with a mean age of 29.9 years. Among the 12 cases analyzed, immunoexpression of COX-2 was observed only in the inflammatory infiltrate in 50% of the cysts (n = 6). Protein CD1 was detected (score 1) in 66.6% of cases (n = 8), and COX-2 was negative in 50% (n = 6). Conclusions The prevalence of COC among all odontogenic cysts was 3.5%, representing an uncommon lesion. Immunohistochemical analysis suggested that COX-2 does not participate in lesion progression. The cell proliferation index of COC was low, as demonstrated by the expression of CD1, suggesting a proliferative profile compatible with more indolent lesions. Key words:Odontogenic cysts, odontogenic tumors, epidemiology, immunohistochemistry, cell proliferation.
Effects of Contingency versus Constraints on the Body-Mass Scaling of Metabolic Rate

I illustrate the effects of both contingency and constraints on the body-mass scaling of metabolic rate by analyzing the significantly different influences of ambient temperature (T a ) on metabolic scaling in ectothermic versus endothermic animals. Interspecific comparisons show that increasing T a results in decreasing metabolic scaling slopes in ectotherms, but increasing slopes in endotherms, a pattern uniquely predicted by the metabolic-level boundaries hypothesis, as amended to include effects of the scaling of thermal conductance in endotherms outside their thermoneutral zone. No other published theoretical model explicitly predicts this striking variation in metabolic scaling, which I explain in terms of contingent effects of T a and thermoregulatory strategy in the context of physical and geometric constraints related to the scaling of surface area, volume, and heat flow across surfaces. My analysis shows that theoretical models focused on an ideal 3/4-power law, as explained by a single universally applicable mechanism, are clearly inadequate for explaining the diversity and environmental sensitivity of metabolic scaling. An important challenge is to develop a theory of metabolic scaling that recognizes the contingent effects of multiple mechanisms that are modulated by several extrinsic and intrinsic factors within specified constraints.
How Do People Respond to Threatened Social Status

Envy can motivate to strive for self-improvement, but can also lead to hostile behavior. These diverging outcomes of upward comparisons reflect two kinds of envy: benign envy, motivating to level oneself up, and malicious envy, motivating to level others down. We argue that these pathways of envious responding relate to the pursuit of prestige and dominance as two ways of achieving social status and posit that they can clarify determinants of benign versus malicious envy. We review evidence on envy moderators on the dispositional level related to reactions in the face of status threat, such as basic motivational tendencies and grandiose narcissism. Furthermore, we describe how status-related moderators on the social level, such as perceived pride in the superior other, may shape envious responding. We outline how a socialfunctional approach to envy—conceptualized as a status-related emotion—can contribute to a more complete understanding of the diversity of envious behavior.
Repeated Mild Closed Head Injuries Induce Long-Term White Matter Pathology and Neuronal Loss That Are Correlated With Behavioral Deficits

An estimated 5.3 million Americans are living with a disability from a traumatic brain injury (TBI). There is emerging evidence of the detrimental effects from repeated mild TBIs (rmTBIs). rmTBI manifests its own unique set of behavioral and neuropathological changes. A subset of individuals exposed to rmTBI develop permanent behavioral and pathological consequences, defined postmortem as chronic traumatic encephalopathy. We have combined components of two classic rodent models of TBI, the controlled cortical impact model and the weight drop model, to develop a repeated mild closed head injury (rmCHI) that produces long-term deficits in several behaviors that correlate with neuropathological changes. Mice receiving rmCHI performed differently from 1-hit or sham controls on the elevated plus maze; these deficits persist up to 6 months postinjury (MPI). rmCHI mice performed worse than 1-hit and control sham mice at 2 MPI and 6 MPI on the Morris water maze. Mice receiving rmCHI exhibited significant atrophy of the corpus callosum at both 2 MPI and 6 MPI, as assessed by stereological volume analysis. Stereological analysis also revealed significant loss of cortical neurons in comparison with 1-hit and controls. Moreover, both of these pathological changes correlated with behavioral impairments. In human tau transgenic mice, rmCHI induced increases in hyperphosphorylated paired helical filament 1 tau in the hippocampus. This suggests that strategies to restore myelination or reduce neuronal loss may ameliorate the behavioral deficits observed following rmCHI and that rmCHI may model chronic traumatic encephalopathy in human tau mice.
Idiopathic Scoliosis Families Highlight Actin-Based and Microtubule-Based Cellular Projections and Extracellular Matrix in Disease Etiology

Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is a structural lateral spinal curvature of ≥10° that affects up to 3% of otherwise healthy children and can lead to life-long problems in severe cases. It is well-established that IS is a genetic disorder. Previous studies have identified genes that may contribute to the IS phenotype, but the overall genetic etiology of IS is not well understood. We used exome sequencing to study five multigenerational families with IS. Bioinformatic analyses identified unique and low frequency variants (minor allele frequency ≤5%) that were present in all sequenced members of the family. Across the five families, we identified a total of 270 variants with predicted functional consequences in 246 genes, and found that eight genes were shared by two families. We performed GO term enrichment analyses, with the hypothesis that certain functional annotations or pathways would be enriched in the 246 genes identified in our IS families. Using three complementary programs to complete these analyses, we identified enriched categories that include stereocilia and other actin-based cellular projections, cilia and other microtubule-based cellular projections, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Our results suggest that there are multiple paths to IS and provide a foundation for future studies of IS pathogenesis.
Intestinal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Contributes to Epithelial Sodium Channel–Mediated Intestinal Sodium Absorption and Blood Pressure Regulation

Background Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) has pathological roles in various cell types, including renal tubule cells, myocytes, and smooth muscle cells; however, the role of MR in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) has not been sufficiently evaluated. The intestine is the sensing organ of ingested sodium; accordingly, intestinal MR is expected to have essential roles in blood pressure (BP) regulation. Methods and Results We generated IEC‐specific MR knockout (IEC‐MR‐KO) mice. With a standard diet, fecal sodium excretion was 1.5‐fold higher in IEC‐MR‐KO mice, with markedly decreased colonic expression of β‐ and γ‐epithelial sodium channel, than in control mice. Urinary sodium excretion in IEC‐MR‐KO mice decreased by 30%, maintaining sodium balance; however, a low‐salt diet caused significant reductions in body weight and BP in IEC‐MR‐KO mice, and plasma aldosterone exhibited a compensatory increase. With a high‐salt diet, intestinal sodium absorption markedly increased to similar levels in both genotypes, without an elevation in BP. Deoxycorticosterone/salt treatment elevated BP and increased intestinal sodium absorption in both genotypes. Notably, the increase in BP was significantly smaller in IEC‐MR‐KO mice than in control mice. The addition of the MR antagonist spironolactone to deoxycorticosterone/salt treatment eliminated the differences in BP and intestinal sodium absorption between genotypes. Conclusions Intestinal MR regulates intestinal sodium absorption in the colon and contributes to BP regulation. These regulatory effects are associated with variation in epithelial sodium channel expression. These findings suggest that intestinal MR is a new target for studying the molecular mechanism of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.
Evolution of animal genitalia: patterns of phenotypic and genotypic variation and condition dependence of genital and non-genital morphology in water strider (Heteroptera: Gerridae: Insecta)

Summary Rapid and divergent evolution of male genitalia represents one of the most general evolutionary patterns in animals with internal fertilization, but the causes of this evolutionary trend are poorly understood. Several hypotheses have been proposed to account for genitalic evolution, most prominent of which are the lock-and-key, sexual selection and pleiotropy hypotheses. However, insights into the evolutionary mechanisms of genitalic evolution are hindered by a lack of relevant in-depth studies of genital morphology. We used a biparental progenies breeding design to study the eects of food stress during ontogeny on phenotypic expression of a suite of genital and nongenital morphological traits, both linear traits and multivariate shape indices, in a natural population of the water strider Gerris incognitus. In general, genitalic traits were as variable as non-genital traits, both phenotypically and genotypically. Average narrow-sense heritability of genital traits was 0‐47 (SE fl 0‐05). Further, while food stress during development had a large impact on adult morphology, and expression of genitalic traits exhibited significant levels of condition dependence, dierent genotypes did not significantly dier in their ability to cope with food stress. Genitalic conformation was also both phenotypically and genetically correlated with general morphological traits. These patterns are in disagreement with certain predictions generated by the long-standing lock-and-key hypothesis, but are in general agreement with several other hypotheses of genital evolution. We failed to find any additive genetic components in fluctuating asymmetry of any bilaterally symmetrical traits and the eects on fluctuating asymmetry of food stress during development were very low and insignificant. Some methodological implications of our study are discussed, such as the bias introduced by the non-negativity constraint in restricted maximum likelihood estimation of variance components.
Interval Estimation for Conditional Failure Rates of Transmission Lines With Limited Samples

The estimation of the conditional failure rate (CFR) of an overhead transmission line (OTL) is essential for power system operational reliability assessment. It is hard to predict the CFR precisely, although great efforts have been made to improve the estimation accuracy. One significant difficulty is the lack of available outage samples, due to which the law of large numbers is no longer applicable and no convincing statistical result can be obtained. To address this problem, in this paper, a novel imprecise probabilistic approach is proposed to estimate the CFR of an OTL. The imprecise Dirichlet model (IDM) is applied to establish the imprecise probabilistic relation between an operational condition and the OTL failure. Then a credal network is constructed to integrate the IDM estimation results corresponding to various operational conditions and infer the CFR of the OTL. Instead of providing a single-valued estimation result, the proposed approach predicts the possible interval of the CFR in order to explicitly indicate the uncertainty of the estimation and more objectively represent the available knowledge. The proposed approach is illustrated by estimating the CFRs of two LGJ-300 transmission lines located in the same region, and it is also compared with the existing approaches by using data generated from a virtual OTL. Test results indicate that the proposed approach can obtain much tighter and more reasonable CFR intervals compared with the contrast approaches.
Semi-supervised Seizure Prediction with Generative Adversarial Networks

Many outstanding studies have reported promising results in seizure prediction that is considered one of the most challenging predictive data analysis. This is mainly because electroencephalogram (EEG) bio-signal intensity is very small, in µV range, and there are significant sensing difficulties given physiological and non-physiological artifacts. In this article, we propose an approach that can make use of not only labeled EEG signals but also the unlabeled ones which are more accessible. We also suggest the use of data fusion to further improve the seizure prediction accuracy. Data fusion in our vision includes EEG signals, cardiogram signals, body temperature and time. We use the short-time Fourier transform on 28-s EEG windows as a pre-processing step. A generative adversarial network (GAN) is trained in an unsupervised manner where information of seizure onset is disregarded. The trained Discriminator of the GAN is then used as feature extractor. Features generated by the feature extractor are classified by two fully-connected layers (can be replaced by any classifier) for the labeled EEG signals. This semi-supervised seizure prediction method achieves area under the operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 77.68% and 75.47% for the CHBMIT scalp EEG dataset and the Freiburg Hospital intracranial EEG dataset, respectively. Unsupervised training without the need of labeling is important because not only it can be performed in real-time during EEG signal recording, but also it does not require feature engineering effort for each patient.
Lactobacillus reuteri reduces bone loss in older women with low bone mineral density: a randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, clinical trial

The importance of the gut microbiome for bone metabolism in mice has recently been demonstrated, but no studies are available in humans. Lactobacillus reuteri ATCCPTA 6475 (L. reuteri 6475) has been reported to increase bone mineral density (BMD) in mice but its effect on the human skeleton is unknown. The objective of this trial was to investigate if L. reuteri 6475 affects bone loss in older women with low BMD.
Display of Major Risk Categories for Android Apps

Communicating cybersecurity risks to mobile-device users is essential. However, existing means of conveying the risks through detailed permission lists are ineffective. Risk indexes that convey overall risk are effective at influencing app-selection decisions, but many users want more information. We examined how users assess the risks associated with downloading applications on the Android platform by comparing various graphical formats of intermediate-level risk displays containing three risk categories: personal privacy; monetary loss; device stability. Bar-graph and table formats were compared, as were vertical and horizontal displays. Participants performed app risk-rating (Experiment 1) and app-selection (Experiments 2 and 3) tasks for hypothetical apps with risk scores on each of the categories. They also specified which risk category was of most concern to them. Increased risk scores in each category led to higher rated risk and lower app-selection rate which matched with self-reported risk concerns. Bar-graphs were more time-efficient and yielded higher risk-ratings than tables, although the two formats did not differ in the app-selection task. Moreover, horizontal bar-graphs yielded faster responses than vertical bar-graphs. The results indicate that the intermediate-level risk display was effective in conveying risk-category information, especially with horizontal bar-graphs, and personalized design of this display based on users’ risk concerns is potentially useful.
Effects of Interventions That Include Aided Augmentative and Alternative Communication Input on the Communication of Individuals With Complex Communication Needs: A Meta-Analysis.

Purpose The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) interventions that included aided AAC input (e.g., aided AAC modeling, aided language modeling, aided language stimulation, augmented input) on communicative outcomes (both comprehension and expression) for individuals with developmental disabilities who use AAC. Method A systematic search resulted in the identification of 26 single-case experimental designs (88 participants) and 2 group experimental designs (103 participants). Studies were coded in terms of participants, intervention characteristics, dependent variables, outcomes, and quality of evidence. Results AAC interventions that included aided AAC input in isolation, or as part of a multicomponent intervention, were found to be highly effective across participants of various ages, disabilities, and language skills. The interventions typically included aided AAC input in conjunction with expectant delay, direct prompting (e.g., spoken, gestural), contingent responding, and open-ended questions. The interventions were found to be highly effective in supporting both comprehension and expression across the domains of pragmatics, semantics, and morphosyntax. Outcomes related to expression were reported more often than outcomes related to comprehension. Conclusion Aided AAC input may reduce input-output asymmetry and enhance expression and comprehension for individuals who use AAC; the evidence suggests that partners should utilize this strategy. Future research is needed to investigate the effects of AAC input (aided and unaided) on long-term language development for individuals who require AAC. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6394364.