Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Remote working and its management : Attitudes and perceptions of future workforce

The aim of this study was to define future workers’, i.e. the millennial generation’s, perceptions and attitudes related to remote working and its management. With the goal of obtaining insights of how remote working is seen as a way of work by the upcoming majority of the workforce, qualitative focus group interviews were conducted to examine what expectations and appealing as well as dispelling factors were raised by the discussion. Due to globalization and rapid technological development, multicultural teams are becoming increasingly common. Therefore, the aim was to examine remote working from an international perspective rather than focus on any specific nationality. The primary data consisted of two focus group interviews which were implemented in November 2016. The interviews included a total of 12 participants representing both genders and seven nationalities. The theory and reviewed previous studies revealed that remote working was mostly valued because of the advantages brought by its flexibility. On the other hand, the greatest weakness of remote working were the problems resulting from the lack of face-to-face interaction. Interaction with colleagues was linked by the millennials, for example, to learning and ideation, networking and to the sense of belonging. Although the strengths and weaknesses were viewed rather similarly compared to the previous research, the millennial participants of this study also named other threats of remote working. The results highlighted the threat of decreased skill development and the lack of self-discipline in remote working. The interviewees emphasized the managers’ role in remote work planning and management in view of maintaining efficient communication and social ties to the working community. Keywords/tags (subjects) remote working, teleworking, millennial, knowledge work, management
Locus of Control and Attitudes toward Large Carnivores

It has been hypothesized that the negative attitudes toward carnivores found among rural groups is only one element embedded in a larger sociopolitical complex of disputes over resource use and rural development. Negative attitudes may reflect a protest against increased control of land use by central political authorities. In a survey among sheep farmers, wildlife managers, and research biologists in Norway we found that the sheep farmers expressed an external locus of control, indicating a belief that external forces control events, relative to the two other groups. Among sheep farmers and research biologists a positive association was found between an external locus of control and negative attitudes toward large carnivores.
Synthesis, Transport, Dynamics and Fate of Cell Surface Ig and Alloantigens in Murine Lymphocytes

The plasma membrane of lymphocytes contains molecules responsible for antigen reco^ition (reviewed in Moller 1970), histocompatibility (Aoki et al. 1969, Davis & SUverman 1968, Moller 1961, Schwartz & Nathenson 1971a), homing (Bianco et al. 1971, Gesner & Woodruff 1969, Weissman 1967, Zatz & Lance 1970), antigenic differences between classes of lymphocytes and changes accompanying differentiation within a class (Boyse & Old 1969, Boyse et al. 1968, Lance et al. 1971, Raff et al. 1971, Reif & Allen 1964, Shigeno et al. 1968, SneU & Stimpfling 1966, Takahashi et al. 1970). Our assumption is that to understand fully lymphocyte function, it is necessary to elucidate in molecular terms the synthesis, intracellular transport, insertion into the plasma membrane and fate of these cell surface molecules. During the past several years, we have utilized three major approaches to study the biology of lymphocytes: 1. Biosynthesis of immunoglobulin (Ig) and other cell surface molecules, using labeled precursors, subcellular fractionation, and immunoprecipitation to trace the intracelluiar life history of the molecule in question. 2. Labeling of the molecules on the outer surface
Job dynamics in Albania : a note profiling Albania's labor market

This note provides a brief, updated analysis of jobs dynamics in Albania, providing insights into where constraints to improving jobs outcomes remain and opportunities for addressing such challenges. Results-based policy making requires timely information to identify problems, design potential solutions, and evaluate policy initiatives. Using the most recent data available on Albanian labor markets from the perspectives of labor demand (firms) and labor supply (individuals), this note provides some key insights into the current situation and important dynamics over time and across firms and workers with different characteristics. The note is complemented by two other reports that look at (i) skills development challenges from the demand (employer) side, and (ii) the role and effectiveness of the National Employment Service (NES) in reducing unemployment. This note and the aforementioned reports will serve as inputs to a jobs framework and action plan for the Republic of Albania. This note is divided into three additional sections. Following the introduction, the second section provides a profile of labor demand in Albania, looking primarily at job creation and job productivity. The third section presents a profile of labor supply, specifically who is working, what types of jobs they are employed in, and who is not working. The final section concludes with an overall brief summary of the analysis and questions to further guide the development of a jobs action plan.
Multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of meiotic chromosome segregation in a 47,XYY male and a review of the literature.

The frequencies of aneuploid and diploid sperm were determined in a 47,XYY male using multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis, and compared with those from 10 control donors. A total of 30,078 sperm from the patient was scored, 15,044 by two-color FISH for chromosomes 13 and 21, and 15,034 by three-color FISH for the sex chromosomes using chromosome 1 as an internal autosomal control for diploidy and lack of hybridization. The frequencies of X-bearing (49.73%) and Y-bearing sperm (49.46%) in control males were not significantly different from the expected 50% (chi(2)-test for goodness of fit). The ratio of 24,X (50.60%) to 24, Y sperm (48.35%) in the patient, however, was significantly different from the controls (P = 0.0144, chi(2)-test for independence) and from the expected 1:1 ratio (P = 0.0055, chi(2)-test for goodness of fit). There was no significant increase in the frequency of diploid sperm when compared with the controls (chi(2)-test for independence). Significantly increased frequencies were found for 24,YY (0.07% vs. 0.02%, P = 0.0009) and 24,XY (0.44% vs. 0.29%, P = 0.0025), but not for 24,XX (0.05% vs. 0.05%, P > 0. 05), 24,+13 (0.07% vs. 0.07%, P > 0.05) or 24,+21 sperm (0.21% vs. 0. 18%, P > 0.05) in the 47,XYY male when compared with control donors (chi(2)-test for independence). Our results support the theory that loss of the extra Y chromosome occurs during spermatogenesis in most cells. In this XYY patient there was a significant increase in the frequency of sperm with sex chromosomal abnormalities but no suggestion of an inter-chromosomal effect on autosomes. All 3-color FISH studies in the literature demonstrate a significantly increased risk of gonosomal aneuploidy in XYY males, with the risk being on the order of 1%.
A new classification tool for clinical differentiation between haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke

Abstract. Efstathiou SP, Tsioulos DI, Zacharos ID, Tsiakou AG, Mitromaras AG, Mastorantonakis SE, Pefanis AV, Mountokalakis TD (Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece). A new classification tool for clinical differentiation between haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke. J Intern Med 2002; 252: 121–129.
Factors Influencing Rural Livelihood Diversification: Implications for Poverty Reduction

In Nigeria, agriculture is the principal source of food and livelihood for many rural households making it a central component of programs that seek to reduce poverty and attain food security. Since the sector is faced with many challenges, rural households are compelled to develop strategies through diversification to cope with increasing vulnerability associated with agricultural production. A study to investigate the factors influencing rural farmers livelihood diversification was conducted in Abak, Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria. A total of 150 rural farmers were selected using the multi-stage sampling technique. With the aid of questionnaire, primary data were obtained from the farmers. Data were analyzed using the Tobit regression model. Result of analysis indicated that the most critical factors influencing rural livelihood diversification were household size, farm income, farming experience, membership in farmers association, non-farm income, asset base of household and farmers access to credit. Policies to encourage farmers to access credit and belong to associations were likely to enhance the drive for diversification.
Thermogenic Capacity Is Antagonistically Regulated in Classical Brown and White Subcutaneous Fat Depots by High Fat Diet and Endurance Training in Rats

Background: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is important for cold- and diet-induced thermogenesis. Results: Obesity and chronic exercise antagonistically regulate thermogenic capacity of BAT and subcutaneous white fat (SC WAT). Conclusion: Endurance exercise reduces thermogenic capacity in classical BAT while increasing it in the SC WAT. Significance: Browning of the SC WAT may be potentially used to treat obesity. This study investigated the regulation of thermogenic capacity in classical brown adipose tissue (BAT) and subcutaneous inguinal (SC Ing) white adipose tissue (WAT) and how it affects whole-body energy expenditure in sedentary and endurance-trained rats fed ad libitum either low fat or high fat (HF) diets. Analysis of tissue mass, PGC-1α and UCP-1 content, the presence of multilocular adipocytes, and palmitate oxidation revealed that a HF diet increased the thermogenic capacity of the interscapular and aortic brown adipose tissues, whereas exercise markedly suppressed it. Conversely, exercise induced browning of the SC Ing WAT. This effect was attenuated by a HF diet. Endurance training neither affected skeletal muscle FNDC5 content nor circulating irisin, but it increased FNDC5 content in SC Ing WAT. This suggests that locally produced FNDC5 rather than circulating irisin mediated the exercise-induced browning effect on this fat tissue. Importantly, despite reducing the thermogenic capacity of classical BAT, exercise increased whole-body energy expenditure during the dark cycle. Therefore, browning of subcutaneous WAT likely exerted a compensatory effect and raised whole-body energy expenditure in endurance-trained rats. Based on these novel findings, we propose that exercise-induced browning of the subcutaneous WAT provides an alternative mechanism that reduces thermogenic capacity in core areas and increases it in peripheral body regions. This could allow the organism to adjust its metabolic rate to accommodate diet-induced thermogenesis while simultaneously coping with the stress of chronically increased heat production through exercise.
Preschool negative emotionality predicts activity and connectivity of the fusiform face area and amygdala in later childhood

Abstract Negative emotionality (NE) refers to individual differences in the propensity to experience and react with negative emotions and is associated with increased risk of psychological disorder. However, research on the neural bases of NE has focused almost exclusively on amygdala activity during emotional face processing. This study broadened this framework by examining the relationship between observed NE in early childhood and subsequent neural responses to emotional faces in both the amygdala and the fusiform face area (FFA) in a late childhood/early adolescent sample. Measures of NE were obtained from children at age 3 using laboratory observations, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected when these children were between the ages of 9 and 12 while performing a visual stimulus identity matching task with houses and emotional faces as stimuli. Multiple regression analyses revealed that higher NE at age 3 is associated with significantly greater activation in the left amygdala and left FFA but lower functional connectivity between these two regions during the face conditions. These findings suggest that those with higher early NE have subsequent alterations in both activity and connectivity within an extended network during face processing.
ANALISIS PENGARUH STRATEGI BISNIS TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK,BUKTI EMPIRIS DI INDONESIA

Penelitianini bertujuan untuk menguji Analisis Pengaruh Strategi Bisnis Terhadap Penghindaran Pajak, Bukti Empiris di Indonesia. Variabel Dependennya yaitu Book ETR dan Current ETR sedangkan variabel Independennya yaitu Kemampuan Produksi dan Distribusi Barang dan Jasa secara Efisien, Tingkat Pertumbuhan Perusahaan, Pemasaran dan Penjualan, serta Intensitas Asset Tetap. Populasi yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini yaitu perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dan sampelnya yaitu laporan keuangan periode 2012 - 2014.Teknik pengambilan data ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji t BETR menunjukkan nilai β strategi -0.168 dengan tingkat signifikannya 0.148 (>0)artinya bahwa H1 yang menyatakan strategi bisnis tidak berpengaruh dengan tingkat penghindaran pajak adalah ditolak. Sama halnya dengan hasil uji t CETR yang menunjukkan nilai β strategi -0.010 dengan tingkat signifikannya 0.951 (>0) artinya bahwa H1 yang menyatakan strategi bisnis tidak berpengaruh dengan tingkat penghindaran pajak adalah ditolak Kata Kunci : penghindaran pajak, strategi prospector, strategi defender, strategi analyser
Human resource competency relationship and competitive advantages in logistic performance improvement

Logistic problems often occur in the field such as problems in the material demand process, problems in negotiations and material purchases, material delivery problems, the process of receiving and storing goods and material issues. This issue is assessed on the basis of competence of Human Resources and competitive advantage. Data processing based on Structural Equation Model. A result of research has positive effect Human Resource Competence and Competitive Advantage to Logistic Performance.
Effect of a Community Health Worker Led Health Education Intervention on Latrine Coverage in Mwingi West Sub-County; Kenya: A Quasi-Experiment

It is estimated that globally 2.4 billion people still lack access to improved sanitation and 946 million still practice open defecation. Every Kenyan has a right to adequate sanitation and the government of Kenya is committed to ensure that Kenyans enjoy adequate sanitation by the year 2030. Despite this commitment, latrine coverage in many parts of Kenya is low and the result is a high prevalence of hygiene and sanitation related illnesses. In Kitui County, open defecation is high at 30.9%. The aim of this study was to assess effect of Community Healthy Strategy (CHS) on latrine coverage in Mwingi West sub county, Kitui County-Kenya. The study was a pretest-post-test experiment with intervention and control sites. Mwingi West and Mwingi North sub-counties were intervention and control sites respectively. Participants in intervention site received health education on importance latrine construction and safe fecal disposal while control site did not. In each site, 1 pre-intervention and 2 post-intervention surveys were conducted with each survey having a sample size of 422 households. An observation checklist and a questionnaire were the main data collection tools. In the intervention site, CHS significantly increased latrine coverage from baseline to midterm survey and from baseline to end-term survey by 21% (Z=7.0128, P=0.0001) and 27.6% (Z=9.7189, P=0.0001) respectively. Compared to baseline, households in intervention site-midterm survey and intervention site-endterm survey were 4 times more likely to have a latrine (adj. OR: 4.356, P<0.0001, 95% CI: 2.975-6.379 and 3 times more likely to have a latrine (adj. OR: 3.391, P<0.0001, 95% CI: 2.686-4.280) respectively. No significant difference was observed on latrine coverage in the control site. CHS significantly increased latrine coverage in Mwingi West Sub-county. To declare Kenya an Open Defecation Free country and help the country meet the global sanitation related Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, county governments need to scale up implementation of CHS to cover areas which have not been covered.
Uncommon Side Effect of MMF in Renal Transplant Recipients

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a potent immunosuppressive agent used in renal transplantation. Gastrointestinal and hematological side effects are commonly observed, but hepatotoxicity has not been reported. In this study, we assessed MMF-related hepatotoxicity in renal transplant recipients. A total of 124 renal transplantation recipients (RTRs) were evaluated for elevated liver enzymes associated with MMF, and 79 patients were enrolled to the study. Patients used MMF 2 g/day. The patients who had progressive increase in liver enzymes after renal transplantation and their AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, bilirubin levels, hepatitis, cytomegalovirus (CMV), abdominal ultrasonography, duration of hepatotoxicity, and decreased dosage or withdrawal of MMF were recorded. Also, we evaluated their liver enzymes while the patients were on the waiting list. Of the 79 patients, 11 patients (13.9%) had a progressive increase in liver enzymes. The median (min–max) age of the patients with MMF-hepatotoxicity was 29 (19–54) and 72.7% of them were male. None of the patients had hepatitis B or C, CMV infection, or other possible causes for elevated liver enzymes and their abdominal ultrasonography were normal. High liver enzyme levels regressed after the withdrawal (n = 6) or reduce dosage (n = 5) of MMF. The median time of the increase in liver enzymes was 28 (4–70) days and after 50% reduction or withdrawal of MMF, returned to normal values in 16 (4–210) days. The median levels of ALT in waiting list (I), before (II), and after (III) reduction dosage or withdrawal of MMF were 22.0 (3–22), 222.0 (51–508), and 33.0 (21–64) U/L, respectively (p I–II = 0.004, p I–II = 0.013, and p II–III = 0.005). There were no differences for ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin levels. Also, the correlation between recovery time of ALT and persistence time of ALT elevation before adjustment of MMF was significant (r = 0.739, p = 0.009). Consequently, after renal transplantation, hepatotoxicity can occur due to a lot of reason including MMF usage. If hepatotoxicity related to MMF is not considered, especially in the early period of renal transplantation, resolution of hepatotoxicity can be required long term.
A Live Attenuated Bordetella pertussis Candidate Vaccine Does Not Cause Disseminating Infection in Gamma Interferon Receptor Knockout Mice

ABSTRACT Bordetella pertussis is the cause of whooping cough and responsible for 300,000 infant deaths per annum. Current vaccines require 6 months to confer optimal immunity on infants, the population at highest risk. Recently, an attenuated strain of B. pertussis (BPZE1) has been developed to be used as a low-cost, live, intranasal, single-dose vaccine for newborns. Preclinical proof of concept has been established; however, it is necessary to evaluate the safety of BPZE1, especially in immunodeficient models, prior to human clinical trials. Here, the preclinical safety of BPZE1 was examined in well-characterized murine models. Immunocompetent and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) receptor knockout mice were challenged by aerosol with either virulent B. pertussis or BPZE1. The two strains colonized the lung at equal levels, but inflammation was associated with carriage of only virulent bacteria. Virulent bacteria disseminated to the liver of IFN-γ receptor-deficient mice, resulting in atypical pathology. In contrast, attenuated BPZE1 did not disseminate in either immunocompetent or immunodeficient mice and did not induce atypical pathology. In neonatal challenge models, virulent B. pertussis infection resulted in significant mortality of both immunodeficient and immunocompetent mice, whereas no mortality was observed for any neonatal mice challenged with BPZE1. BPZE1 was shown to elicit strong IFN-γ responses in mice, equivalent to those elicited by the virulent streptomycin-resistant B. pertussis Tohama I derivative BPSM, also inducing immunoglobulin G2a, a process requiring TH1 cytokines in mice. These data indicate that a live attenuated whooping cough vaccine candidate shows no signs of disseminating infection in preclinical models but rather evokes an immunological profile associated with optimal protection against disease.
Pengaruh pengungkapan sukarela, asimetri informasi, dan manajemen laba terhadap cost of equity capital pada perusahaan manufaktur

The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence about the influence of voluntary disclosure, information asymmetry, and earning management against cost of equity capital on manufacturing companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the year 2012-2014. The samples used were 138 manufacturing companies. The results indicate that information asymmetry and earning management have an influence on cost of equity capital, while voluntary disclosure have no influence on cost of equity capital.
An intercomparison of models for predicting bistatic scattering from rough surfaces

This paper investigates the algorithms that are used to predict the full polarimetric bistatic normalized radar cross-section of rough surfaces. These include small perturbation method (SPM), the physical optics (PO) approach, the small slope approximation (SSA) and the integration equation method (IEM) and its derivatives improved IEM and advanced IEM. The methods are then compared to ground truth values obtained from multiple Monte Carlo runs a numerical Method of Moments (MOM) code using the same surface statistics. Effects of using band-limited exponential instead of a true exponential correlation function for surface statistics are also explored. Mean L1-norm error values integrated over the hemisphere are given between AIEM and MOM and SSA and MOM.