Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Considerations for Integrating Fitness into Dance Training

In recent years it has frequently been suggested that dancers may not be sufficiently prepared for the physical demands of dance. The majority of researchers have arrived at the conclusion that there are gaps in the structure of dance training programs that could be filled with the type of physical training that has benefited other elite athletes. This article reviews some recommendations in light of current research for the supplementation of dance training and the inclusion of fitness concepts in traditional dance classes.
FISH examination of lymphocytes from Mayak workers for assessment of translocation induction rate under chronic radiation exposures

Purpose: To estimate the translocation-induction rate under chronic exposure conditions by measuring chromosome aberration frequencies in lymphocytes from Mayak nuclear workers using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Materials and methods: Lymphocytes were examined from 27 nuclear workers at the Mayak Production Association and two control individuals using FISH with probes for chromosomes 1, 2 and 4. Official doses derived from worker film-badge records varied from 0 to 8.50 Gy. Results: The mean (- SD) genome-equivalent translocation frequency (F G) was 2.30 (- 0.75)% in the zero-dose group (n = 7), and Poisson regression analysis provided the best-fit equation of F G (%) = 2.96 (- 0.39) + 0.69 (- 0.14) D + 0.12 (- 0.05) A, where D is the film-badge-derived dose (Gy), and A is age centred at 67 years. The induction rate would increase to nearly 1% Gy -1 if the radiation dose to bone marrow, one of the major organs for lymphocytes and where their precursor cells reside, is considered. Conclusion: The estimated induction rate in vivo appeared substantially smaller than linear coefficients estimated from various in vitro studies.
Post-transcriptional Regulation of Luteinizing Hormone Receptor mRNA in the Ovary by a Novel mRNA-binding Protein*

Luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor mRNA is post-transcriptionally regulated. An ovarian cytosolic LH receptor mRNA-binding protein (LRBP) identified in our laboratory binds to a polypyrimidine-rich bipartite sequence in the coding region of LH receptor mRNA. The present studies show a role for LRBP in the regulation of LH receptor mRNA. We demonstrated that increased LH receptor mRNA degradation occurs during hormone-induced LH receptor down-regulation. Furthermore, increased degradation of LH receptor mRNA was seen when partially purified LRBP was included in anin vitro mRNA decay reaction. The LH receptor mRNA binding activity of LRBP measured by RNA electrophoretic mobility shift analysis showed an inverse relationship to LH receptor mRNA levels during different physiological states. These results suggest that LRBP is a physiological regulator of LHR mRNA expression in the ovary and provides a novel mechanism for the regulation of LH receptor expression in the ovary.
Monitoring of Blood Vessels and Tissues by a Population of Monocytes with Patrolling Behavior

The cellular immune response to tissue damage and infection requires the recruitment of blood leukocytes. This process is mediated through a classical multistep mechanism, which involves transient rolling on the endothelium and recognition of inflammation followed by extravasation. We have shown, by direct examination of blood monocyte functions in vivo, that a subset of monocytes patrols healthy tissues through long-range crawling on the resting endothelium. This patrolling behavior depended on the integrin LFA-1 and the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 and was required for rapid tissue invasion at the site of an infection by this “resident” monocyte population, which initiated an early immune response and differentiated into macrophages.
Clinicopathological features of indonesian breast cancers with different molecular subtypes.

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with molecular subtypes that have biological distinctness and different behavior. They are classified into luminal A, luminal B, Her-2 and triple negative/basal-like molecular subtypes. Most of breast cancers reported in Indonesia are already large size, with high grade or late stage but the clinicopathological features of different molecular subtypes are still unclear. They need to be better clarified to determine proper treatment and prognosis. AIM To elaborate the clinicopathological features of molecular subtypes of breast cancers in Indonesian women. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study of 84 paraffin-embedded tissues of breast cancer samples from Dr. Sardjito General Hospital in Central Java, Indonesia was performed. Expression of ER, PR, Her-2 and Ki-67 was analyzed to classify molecular subtypes of breast cancer by immunohistochemistry. The relation of clinicopathological features of breast cancers with molecular subtypes of luminal A, luminal B, Her-2 and triple negative/basal-like were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-Square test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Case frequency of luminal A, Luminal B, Her-2+ and triple negative/basal-like subtypes were 38.1%, 16.7%, 20.2% and 25%, respectively. Significant difference was found in breast cancer molecular subtypes in regard to age, histological grade, lymph node status and staging. However it showed insignificant result in regard to tumor size. Luminal A subtype of breast cancer was commonly found in >50 years old women (p:0.028), low grade cancer (p:0.09), negative lymph node metastasis (p:0.034) and stage III (p:0.017). Eventhough the difference was insignificant, luminal A subtype breast cancer was mostly found in small size breast cancer (p:0.129). Her-2+ subtype breast cancer was more commonly diagnosed with large size, positive lymph node metastasis and poor grade. Triple negative/basal-like cancer was mostly diagnosed among <50 years old women. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that immunohistochemistry-based subtyping is essential to classify breast carcinoma into subtypes that vary in clinicopathological features, implying different therapeutic options and prognosis for each subtype.
Effects of parental PTSD on the cortisol response to dexamethasone administration in their adult offspring.

OBJECTIVE The authors used a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test to examine the effect of a PTSD risk factor, parental PTSD, on cortisol negative feedback inhibition in adult offspring of Holocaust survivors with PTSD (N=13) versus without PTSD (N=12) as well as a comparison group of offspring whose parents had no Holocaust exposure (N=16). METHOD Blood samples were obtained at 8:00 a.m. for the determination of baseline cortisol. Participants ingested 0.5 mg of dexamethasone at 11:00 p.m. , and blood samples were obtained again at 8:00 a.m. the following day. RESULTS Enhanced cortisol suppression in response to dexamethasone was associated primarily with parental PTSD status, with minimal contribution of subjects' own trauma-related symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced cortisol negative feedback inhibition may be associated with PTSD because it is related to the PTSD risk factor of parental PTSD.
Validation of a brief seven-item response bias-free geriatric depression scale.

OBJECTIVE Shortened versions of various depression scales have typically been based on conventional techniques such as factor analysis, without simultaneously considering the removal of culturally biased items that show differential item functioning (DIF). The authors recently showed that eight items in the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) evidenced DIF, associated with gender, age, ethnicity, and chronic illnesses. By selecting out these items, the authors derived a shortened 7-item GDS and compared it with derivations based on conventional factor analysis and logistic regression techniques and validated its test performance in Asian elderly. METHODS The GDS-15 and Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) was independently administered by interviewers to 4,253 noninstitutionalized community-living elderly subjects aged 60 years and older. Concurrent methods of data reduction and item selection included factor analyses and logistic regression modeling. The GDS-7 was compared with GDS-15 test performance using Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnosis of MDD as gold standard criterion and receiver operating characteristics analysis. RESULTS After removal of eight DIF items, the derivation was consistent with and complements the results from factor analysis and logistic regression analyses. The short GDS-7 fit a unidimensional model with high explained total variance and demonstrated high sensitivity (0.93) and specificity (0.91) at a cutoff of one-half that was comparable with GDS-15. CONCLUSIONS By removing items with culturally based response bias, the GDS-7 showed excellent scaling and test performance for screening MDD in an Asian elderly population.
Automatic Extraction of Functional Parallelism from Ordinary Programs

Presents the hierarchical task graph (HTG) as an intermediate parallel program representation which encapsulates minimal data and control dependences, and which can be used for the extraction and exploitation of functional, or task-level parallelism. The hierarchical nature of the HTG facilitates efficient task-granularity control during code generation, and thus applicability to a variety of parallel architectures. The construction of the HTG at a given hierarchy level, the derivation of the execution conditions of tasks which maximizes task-level parallelism, and the optimization of these conditions which results in reducing synchronization overhead imposed by data and control dependences are emphasized. Algorithms for the formation of tasks and their execution conditions based on data and control dependence constraints are presented. The issue of optimization of such conditions is discussed, and optimization algorithms are proposed. The HTG is used as the intermediate representation of parallel Fortran and C programs for generating parallel source as well as parallel machine code. >
Marked response to both S-1 and pemetrexed in a patient with echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive lung adenocarcinoma

Fusion between echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) genes has recently been identified in non-small cell lung cancer (nSCLC). The aLK inhibitor crizotinib has shown promising activity in patients whose tumors harbor this oncogene [1], but it has remained unclear whether such patients manifest similar sensitivity to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Two recent studies have suggested that ALK rearrangements may be a predictor of efficacy for the thymidylate synthase (TS)-targeted agent pemetrexed in terms of both response rate and progression-free survival in nSCLC [2,3]. S-1 also targets TS and has shown promising results in a phase III trial as a firstline treatment for patients with advanced nSCLC [4]. we now report a dramatic response to both S-1 and pemetrexed in a patient with EML4-ALKpositive nSCLC.
Anti‐depressants in primary care: analysis of treatment discontinuations

It is well known that adherence to anti‐depressant therapy is often poor, but the literature describes little in the way of systematic analyses to determine co‐relation between treatment discontinuation and possible contributing factors. We used a community dispensing database to review anti‐depressant prescribing patterns and continuity of therapy over a period of 10 months among a population of community‐based general practice patients. Some 109,228 anti‐depressant prescriptions were dispensed to 24,073 patients, of whom 37.5% collected a single prescription only. Tricyclic anti‐depressant prescribing declined significantly during the observation period (from 70% of prescriptions in month 1 to 66% in month 10) while that of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) increased (23% in month 1, 28% in month 10) ( p < 0.0001). Some 27% of those on tricyclics were prescribed <50% of the defined daily dose (DDD) compared with 2% of those on SSRIs. Among patients new to therapy who collected >1 prescription, adherence was poor and declined over time. The factors that influenced the extent to which patients failed to adhere to therapy included dosage level (% DDD) and age ( p <0.0001 for both), but not drug class or sex. The findings suggest that low dosage is a contributory factor in treatment discontinuation, and that contrary to common perception, SSRIs are not necessarily associated with better adherence to therapy than tricyclics. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antituberculosis drug resistance surveillance in Kenya, 1995.

SETTING Twenty-two of the 42 administrative districts in Kenya. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of drug resistance in newly diagnosed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, to determine possible risk factors associated with resistance, and to establish standard routine surveillance of drug resistance. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Sputum samples from newly diagnosed patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were analysed using standard procedures. RESULTS Of 638 patients, 85% were culture positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Of 491 patients tested for susceptibility to isoniazid, streptomycin, rifampicin and ethambutol, 90.8% had fully sensitive strains and 9.2% had a strain resistant to one or more drugs. Of 445 patients with no history of previous chemotherapy, 6.3% had a resistant strain. Of 46 patients with a history of previous chemotherapy, 37% had a resistant strain. No resistance to either rifampicin or ethambutol was detected. There was a strong association between previous chemotherapy and resistance. Resistance was not associated with age or sex. High concordance between Kenya's results and those of the Mycobacterium Reference Unit in the UK on both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains indicates that clinically significant and comparable data can be obtained from laboratories employing unsophisticated and inexpensive standard procedures. CONCLUSION Rates of initial drug resistance are still low in Kenya. The increase in acquired resistance to isoniazid requires monitoring.
Instrumented gait assessment with a single wearable: an introductory tutorial

Background : Gait is a powerful tool to identify ageing and track disease progression. Yet, its high resolution measurement via traditional instruments remains restricted to the laboratory or bespoke clinical facilities. The potential for that to change is due to the advances in wearables where the synergy between devices and smart algorithms has provided the potential of ‘a gait lab on a chip’. Methods : Commercially available wearables for gait quantification remain expensive and are restricted to a limited number of characteristics unsuitable for a comprehensive assessment required within intervention or epidemiological studies. However, the increasing demand for low-cost diagnostics has fuelled the shift in how health-related resources are distributed. As such we adopt open platform technology and validated research methodologies to harmonise engineering solutions to satisfy current epidemiological needs. Results : We provide an introduction to conduct a routine instrumented gait assessment with a discrete, low-cost, accelerometer-based wearable. We show that the capture and interpretation of raw gait signals with a common scripting language can be straightforward and suitable for use within modern studies. We highlight the best approaches and hope that this will help compliment any analytical tool-kit as part of future cohort assessments. Conclusions : Deployment of wearables can allow accurate gait assessment in accordance with advocated methods of data collection as there is a strong demand for sensitive outcomes derived from pragmatic tools. This tutorial shows that instrumentation of gait using a single open source wearable is pragmatic due to low-cost and translational analytical methods to derive sensitive outcomes.
Systematic Review of Ondansetron for the Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Adults

Objectives To determine the efficacy and safety of ondansetron for the prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in adults. Design Systematic review of published double-blind randomised controlled trials. Data sources Twenty seven trials from 1990 to July 1998 retrieved from a systematic literature search (Medline, Cinahl, Embase, Cochrane Library, reference lists, hand searching of anaesthetic journals, & provided manufacturer information); restricted to English language. Main outcome measures Estimation of efficacy (incidence of complete absence of nausea or other outcome measure as defined by the authors) at 24 hours. Results Seven double-blind randomised controlled trials with 1,623 patients studied intravenous ondansetron 1mg, 4mg, or 8mg for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Four mg, compared with metoclopramide 10mg, produced higher patient satisfaction scores and an increased incidence of freedom from nausea at 24 hours. Further studies are required to compare the safety, efficacy and dose response with other anti-emetics at 24 hours. Twenty double-blind randomised controlled trials with 4,364 patients studied intravenous and oral administration of ondansetron 1mg, 4mg, and 8mg for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. There appears to be no significant difference between droperidol (0.625mg, 1mg or 1.25 mg) IV and ondansetron 4mg in efficacy and incidence of side effects. Compared with metoclopramide, ondansetron produced less nausea but the incidence of vomiting was the same at 24 hours. Conclusions Further PONV could be prevented with ondansetron 4mg compared with placebo and metoclopramide 10mg. Further studies are required to compare ondansetron with other anti-emetics for the treatment of PONV. For prophylaxis of PONV ondansetron 4mg appears to be equal to low dose droperidol in efficacy and the incidence of side effects, and superior to metoclopramide. Ondansetron should perhaps be limited to second line treatment in view of patient satisfaction, efficacy and cost when compared with droperidol.
An Animal Model for Human Melanoma

Abstract— Experimental animal models that are directly relevant to human melanoma are lacking. We propose the Angora goat as a potentially useful field model with experimental potential and to this end have examined the prevalence and site distribution of all skin cancers in 28 Angora goat herds in Queensland, Australia. The prevalence of benign melanocytic lesions (lentigines) and their experimental induction by sunlight were also investigated. Among 1731 goats over 2 years of age, 139 malignant skin tumors were excised from 95 affected animals. The prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was 3.8% and of melanoma, 2.2%. Main site of occurrence of melanoma (83%) was the dorsal surface of the ear; in contrast SCC occurred mostly (84%) on the perineum. Lentigines were darker and more prevalent on the exposed compared with the unexposed surface of the ear in Angoras, analogous to the higher prevalence of nevi on the exposed compared with the less exposed inner surface of the arm in humans. Lentigines, which were also found on the perineum though lighter in color than on the dorsal ear, were absent in young animals under 3 months but were numerous in 1–3 year olds. Furthermore in an experimental substudy eight goats, having one flank repeatedly shorn and the contralateral flank left unshorn, revealed consistently more solar lentigines on the shorn flank (P < 0.05) when both sides were examined after 9 months. Histopathological examination of paired skin biopsies from five of these goats also showed more abundant pigmentation in skin from the exposed, as compared with the unexposed flank. These findings indicate that sunlight induces tumors and lentigines in goats in a highly site‐specific manner. The Angora goat model may suggest paradigms for explaining the site differences observed for human melanoma and may also be useful in the future clarification of molecular changes following carcinogenic levels of sun exposure.
ect of tumor necrosis factor-K on insulin signal transduction in rat adipocytes : relation to PKC L and j translocation

Although much evidence has been accumulated suggesting that tumor necrosis factor-K (TNF-K) is an important mediator of insulin resistance, the precise mechanism involved is still unclear. Recently, it has been reported that insulin-induced glucose uptake is mediated by activation of second messengers such as insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and diacylglycerol (DG)-protein kinase C (PKC). We have examined the effect of TNF-K on insulin-induced glucose uptake and activations of tyrosine kinase, IRS-1, PI3K and PKC in rat adipocytes. Pretreatment with 0.1^100 nM TNF-K for 60 min resulted in a significant decrease in 10 nM insulinor 1 WM 12-Otetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced [3H]2-deoxyglucose uptake without affecting basal glucose uptake. 10 nM insulin-stimulated activation of tyrosine kinase, IRS-1 and PI3K was suppressed by preincubation with 0.1^10 nM TNF-K for 60 min. 10 nM TNF-K pretreatment also suppressed 10 nM insulinand 1 WM TPA-induced increases in membraneassociated PKCL and PKCj. Furthermore, 10 nM TNF-K, by itself, altered PKCL translocation from the membrane to cytosol. These results suggest that TNF-K inhibits insulin-stimulated activation of both the tyrosine kinase-IRS-1-PI3KPKCj pathway and DG-PKC pathway. Finally, TNF-K contributes to insulin resistance in rat adipocytes. ß 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Self-rehabilitation of acquired brain injury patients including neglect and attention deficit disorder with a tablet game in a clinical setting

We designed and evaluated a whack-a-mole (WAM) style game (see Figure 1) in a clinical randomized controlled trial (RCT) with reminder-assisted but self-initiated use over the period of a month with 43 participants from a post-lesion pool. While game play did not moderate rehabilitative progress indices of standard neuropsychological control tests, it did signiﬁcantly improve in-game performance when compared to the control group. Its performance indicators and interaction data were highly accurate in predicting neglect and which hand the patients used for input. Patients found playing beneﬁcial to their rehabilitation and attributed gains in the attention training properties of the game. The game showed potential for bedside assessment, insight support, and motivation by providing knowledge about rehabilitative progress.