Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Only If It Is Convenient

Self-service technologies (SSTs) can help firms reduce labor costs while providing more channel options, but customers must be convinced of their value before foregoing a full service alternative. To understand how customers evaluate an SST, the authors conducted three studies to analyze the importance of convenience in the evaluation process along with exploring what constructs ultimately influence customers’ need for human interaction with an SST. Surveying both users’ experiences with an SST and also nonusers’ perceptions of an SST, a comprehensive analysis was undertaken to assess the perceived benefits of using an SST. In Study 1, the authors found that convenience had a strong positive effect on the perceived accuracy, speed, and exploration intentions of an SST. Building on these results, Studies 2 and 3 reveal that SST users have a lower need for interaction when they are satisfied with an SST, while nonusers’ trust perceptions had the greatest influence on the need for human interaction during an SST transaction. The authors discovered that user satisfaction can be enhanced by focusing on the speed and accuracy of an SST, whereas nonusers’ perceptions of accuracy and exploration increased the trust placed in an SST.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN AJB BUMIPUTERA

Еmployееs will hаvе job sаtisfаction ifthеy аrе аblе to hаvе thе motivаtion to work. This mеаns thаt Compаniеs Should pаy аttеntion Nееd Lеvеl еmployееs. Thе High Pеrformаncе cаn bе crеаtеd if thе еmployее hаs thе sаtisfаction, so fееl Glаd Аnd Comfortаblе. Thus Аrticlе Sеаrch Googlе еmployееs gеt АPА hаs аcquirеd Dаn Yаng Yаng WITH High pеrformаncе, thе compаny is аblе to rеviеw Thеn gеt profit is dеsirаblе. Objеctivе singеr BЕTWЕЕN liе, dеscribе thе аpplicаtion of work motivаtion, job sаtisfаction аnd еmployее boаrding costs АJB Bumiputеrа; to аnаlyzе thе influеncе BЕTWЕЕN Motivаtion Аgаinst thе boаrding costs АJB Bumiputеrа еmployееs; to аnаlyzе thе influеncе of work motivаtion аnd job sаtisfаction simultаnеously Opеrаtе Аgаinst thе boаrding costs АJB Bumiputеrа еmployееs. Rеsеаrch shows thаt motivаtion significаntly аffеct psotitif Аnd Opеrаtе Аgаinst pаrtiаl boаrding costs of еmployееs. It is sаid thаt thе singеr Motivаtion Аnd Thе High Vаluе Vаluе boаrding costs thе еmployее will bе morе High. Job sаtisfаction аnd significаnt еffеct psotitif pаrtiаl Opеrаtе Аgаinst thе boаrding costs of еmployееs. It is sаid thаt thе singеr Thе High Vаluе Аnd Thе Job sаtisfаction High еmployее boаrding costs. Whilе working motivаtion аnd job sаtisfаction hаvе а significаnt еffеct аgаinst еmployееs Opеrаting costs kos simultаnеous ON АJB Bumi Putеrа Mаlаng. Kеywords: Work Motivаtion, Job Sаtisfаction, АJB Еmployее Pеrformаncе ABSTRAK Karyawan akan memiliki kepuasan kerja jika dengan bekerja mereka mampu memiliki motivasi kerja. Artinya perusahaan harus memperhatikan tingkat kebutuhan karyawan. Kinerja yang tinggi dapat tercipta apabila karyawan memiliki kepuasaan, sehingga merasa senang dan nyaman bekerja. Dengan demikian karyawan telah mendapatkan apa yang diperolehnya dan dengan kinerjanya yang tinggi tersebut, maka perusahaan mampu untuk mendapatkan keuntungan yang diinginkan. Tujuan penelitian ini antara lain, 1) Mendeskripsikan penerapan motivasi kerja, kepuasan kerja dan kinerja karyawan AJB Bumiputera; 2) Menganalisis pengaruh antara motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan AJB Bumiputera; 3) Menganalisis pengaruh kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan AJB Bumiputera; 4) Menganalisis pengaruh motivasi kerja dan kepuasan kerja secara simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan AJB Bumiputera. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif riset kausal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi berpengaruh psotitif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap kinerja karyawan. Hal ini dikatakan bahwa semakin tinggi nilai motivasi maka nilai kinerja karyawan akan semakin tinggi. kepuasan kerja berpengaruh psotitif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap kinerja karyawan. Hal ini dikatakan bahwa semakin tinggi nilai kepuasan kerja maka semakin tinggi kinerja karyawan. Sedangkan motivasi kerja dan kepuasaan kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan secara simultan pada AJB Bumi Putera Kota Malang. Kata Kunci: motivasi kerja,kepuasan kerja,kinerja karyawan AJB
Foraging effort in relation to the constraints of reproduction in free‐ranging albatrosses

Summary 1. Theoretical models predict that animals will vary their effort to maximize different currencies such as time and energy when the constraints of reproduction change during breeding, but this has been poorly studied in free-ranging animals. 2. Foraging effort (energy per unit time) was examined by comparing mass changes, foraging costs and activity-specific behaviours of Wandering Albatrosses ( Diomedea exulans Linnaeus) during the incubation and chick-brooding stages. In 1998, 38 albatrosses (20 during incubation and 18 during brooding) were injected with doubly labelled water and equipped with satellite transmitters and activity data loggers. 3. During incubation, albatrosses travelled 3·7 times farther and were at sea 3·2 times longer, yet foraging costs were significantly lower than trips made during brooding (incubation 4·52 ∠ 0·50 SD W kg - 1 vs brooding 4·98 ∠ 0·55 SD W kg - 1 ). 4. The rate of daily mass gain decreased significantly with time at sea during incubation whereas the rate of daily mass gain increased significantly with time at sea during brooding. 5. Foraging effort was higher during brooding, suggesting that birds were minimizing time at sea to maximize the rate of food delivery to chicks. In contrast, foraging effort was lower during incubation, suggesting that birds were maximizing time at sea and minimizing the energy costs of foraging. 6. Foraging costs were also different between sexes. However, this was related to body size differences and not to differences in foraging effort as suggested in previous studies.
AC 2012-3569: MICROETHICS AND MACROETHICS IN GRADUATE EDUCATION FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS: DEVELOPING AND ASSESSING INSTRUCTIONAL MODELS

1 While the government and the public look to universities to educate students in research ethics, those who teach ethics to science and engineering graduate students still struggle to find the most effective models for ensuring that their students internalize professional values and make them part of their scientific and technical practices. (1) This paper will report on a four year research project to develop and assess four different instructional models that introduce and educate science and engineering graduate students to the microand macroethical issues in their work. Efforts at integrating microand macroethics in graduate education of engineers and scientists have been few. To be effective such efforts require incorporation of interdisciplinary concepts and methods drawn from such fields as science and technology studies and applied ethics. The four models included in the project are: 1) a standalone course on societal implications of science and engineering; 2) microand macroethics material embedded in a required science course; 3) a hybrid online/face-to-face course on responsible conduct of research; and 4) engaging ethics in the lab. In the paper we discuss development of the course models and assessment results of students’ knowledge of relevant standards, ethical sensitivity, and ethical reasoning, as well as student-instructor communication.
Identity Conflict with Cross-Border Spillovers

ABSTRACT We model simultaneous inter and within identity-group conflict in two territories connected by cross-territorial spillovers. Within each territory, two groups contest the division of a group-specific public good, and all members contest the division of group income. Each group has a cross-border affiliate. Greater success (share) of its affiliate ‘spills over’ into higher efficiency of a group in inter-group conflict. We find that inter-group and total conflict move together within a territory, while within-group conflict and output move in the opposite direction. A unilateral increase in cross-border spillover reduces inter-group conflict in the source territory but increases it in the destination; an equi-proportionate bilateral increase affects conflict in a non-monotone manner. Population increase in a territory, a larger minority, weaker property rights, higher relative labour productivity of the majority, may all increase inter-group conflict in the other territory. Community-neutral growth in labour productivity within a territory reduces inter-group conflict therein.
Reproductive Effort and Lipid Dynamics of the Emerald Shiner (Notropis atherinoides) in the Upper Niagara River, New York

OF THESIS Reproductive Effort and Lipid Dynamics of the Emerald Shiner (Notropis atherinoides) in the Upper Niagara River, New York Life history theory predicts that reproductive characteristics of organisms will be shaped by biotic and abiotic factors to maximize their overall fitness. In this study, I investigated how growth, reproductive effort, and lipid dynamics vary ontogenetically and seasonally for emerald shiners (Notropis atherinoides) in the upper Niagara River. Growth rates were highest in age 2 shiners and lower in age 1 and age 3 individuals. Evidence of reproduction was found beginning at age 1, and reproductive investment as measured by ovarian lipid content was lowest in age 1 and age 2 individuals and greatest in age 3 fish. All age classes exhibited significant changes in somatic lipids across sampling seasons, with minima in spring and maxima in fall. Fulton’s condition factor K did not accurately represent variation in somatic lipid reserves that were found in this study, and therefore this index is not likely to be an accurate measure of overall health and robustness for this species. My findings suggest that emerald shiners exhibit a life history strategy where somatic growth is prioritized over reproduction until their third year of life, when large investments into reproduction result in significantly reduced growth rates. Although prior studies have examined growth and reproductive traits of the emerald shiner, my study is the first to document significant changes in lipid dynamics across seasons and age groups in this native keystone species.
Factors affecting attitudes and behavioral intentions towards in-app mobile advertisements: A cross-cultural comparison between India and the United Kingdom

The number of people using smartphones has increased dramatically in the last couple of years, which in turn has led to rapid growth in mobile advertising spending. But despite the popularity of smartphones, limited research is available on the factors affecting consumer attitudes towards in-app advertisements. Using and theory of reasoned action as a theoretical framework, the purpose of this research is therefore to examine the attitudes of smartphone users towards in-app mobile advertising and investigate the variables that influence their attitudes. The relationship between attitude and consumers’ behavioral intention is also studied and the variance between the United Kingdom and India. These two countries were chosen for this study as they receive different scores on Hofstade’s cultural dimensions’ theory and Hall’s cultural factors theory. According to these theories, United Kingdom shares similar values and attributes with other Western countries while India is more similar to Asian countries. To collect data from the two countries, a quantitative study was conducted using an online survey. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the data from 251 participants recruited through a company called CrowdFlower. The results suggest that smartphone users generally hold rather negative attitudes toward in-app advertisements and that there is a strong positive relationship between attitudes and the intention to pay attention, read and click on the advertisements. Perceived entertainment of in-app mobile advertisements has a strong positive effect on attitudes toward the advertisements while credibility and informativeness had a moderate effect. Irritation, on the other hand, had a negative impact on attitudes while personalization did not have a significant effect on attitudes. The results also reveal that there is a significant cultural difference as Indian consumers held more favorable attitudes toward in-app advertisements and believed that they were more likely to use them. Perceived entertainment of the advertisements had also more impact on attitudes among the Indian smartphone users while credibility had more impact on users in the United Kingdom. These findings help advertisers to understand which factors they should focus on when implementing both local and international advertising strategies.
Prospect Theory and the Size and Value Premium Puzzles

Using canonical data for the US stock and bond markets, we show that the kinked piecewise exponential value function can rationalize the cross-section of stock returns in addition to the level of the equity premium, while the kinked piecewise-power value function of Tversky and Kahneman can explain only the latter.
Mental Health Literacy toward Schizophrenia in College Students from El Salvador and the United States of America

The present study tested the hypothesis that E.S. college students will show less knowledge, recognition, and help seeking attitudes, and more social distance and negative attributions toward schizophrenia than will U.S. students. It is also of interest in this study to investigate if El Salvador college students would have lower mental health literacy and thus, more social distance attitudes toward schizophrenia, than would U.S. students. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) was used. The predicted variable was country of membership: El Salvador and the U.S. The predictors were recognition, knowledge, social distance, help seeking attitudes, and negative attribution toward schizophrenic patients. The participants (N = 340) were students from a university in E.S. and in California. Through a survey, participants were asked to diagnose a person described in a case vignette. Knowledge of schizophrenia and social distance attitudes were measured. Principal component analyses (PCA) using oblimin rotation were conducted to build composite factors from the observed variables. The discriminant function accurately predicted 74.4% of the participants’ country of membership, 2(1) = 75.23, p < . 001. At the individual level, 69.9% of individuals from the U.S. and 77.5% of individuals from E.S. were correctly classified. Furthermore, results indicated that U.S. students recognized schizophrenia at a higher rate, compared to E.S. students. In the E.S. group, social distance attitudes differed with level of MHL. These findings are troublesome in that social distance attitudes inhibit help-seeking behavior. Education programs aimed at promoting mental health awareness among the E.S. population are indicated.
Optical helicity, optical spin and related quantities in electromagnetic theory

We examine the optical helicity, the optical spin and the ij-infra-zilches in electromagnetic theory and show that these conserved quantities can be combined to form a new description of the angular momentum associated with optical polarization: one that is analogous to the familiar description of optical energy and linear momentum. The symmetries of Maxwell's equations that underlie the conservation of our quantities are presented and discussed. We explain that a similar but distinct set of quantities, Lipkin's zilches, describe the ‘angular momentum’ of the curl of the electromagnetic field, rather than the angular momentum of the electromagnetic field itself.
THE ROLE OF Cerradomys subflavus (RODENTIA, CRICETIDAE) AS SEED PREDATOR AND DISPERSER OF THE PALM Allagoptera arenaria

Small rodents are among the most abundant vertebrate seed predators in the tropics and palm fruits are a rich source of energy for them. Allagoptera arenaria is a nurse plant species at restinga vegetation in southeastern Brazil. Forty-five adult A. arenaria were marked to estimate fruit crop size and seed predation by rodents. Two trapping sessions were carried out to identify the rodent seed predators. In addition, a fruit removal experi- ment was conducted to investigate the role of rodents as seed dispersers. Of the 7409 seeds collected, 24% were damaged by rodents. Predation rates ranged from 0 to 64% per plant and the number and the proportion of damaged seeds increased significantly with crop size. In the removal experiments, 64% of the fruits were manipulated by rodents either in situ or away from palms: 16% were preyed in the same place, 29% were preyed following removal, 2% were dispersed and 12% were buried. Seed fate could not be identified for 5% of the seeds. Cerradomys subflavus was the only species caught and this fact together with its abundance in the study area and tooth marks left in the endocarps indicates that this rodent is the main seed predator of this palm. Considering this, C. subflavus should play a key role in A. arenaria population dynamics through the reduction of the total number of seeds that may be recruited. However, seed burial in sites favorable for germination suggests that this rodent can act also as seed disperser of this palm.
Short-term outcome of endoscopic versus microscopic pituitary adenoma surgery in a single center

Pituitary Adenomas (PA) are a group of benign tumors with diverse biological behavior including different hormonal secretion, cavernous sinus invasion and considerable rates of relapse. The aim of the study was to evaluate the benefits of the Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal (EET) approach for managing hormonal producing Pituitary Adenomas (PA) in terms of achieving clinical remission in comparison to the Microscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal (MET) approach. During the period 2014 to 2017 a series of 128 patients with PA were operated on via MET (n=62) and EET (n=66) approach. Endocrinological, neuro-ophthalmic and MRI examinations were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at 3rd and 12th month. Thirty-two patients were diagnosed with growth-hormone secreting adenomas (GH), 25 with Adrenocorticotropic Hormone secreting adenomas (ACTH), 17 with Prolactin-secreting adenomas (Prl) and 54 with non-secreting pituitary adenomas. The endoscopic group had higher levels of remission in comparison to the microscopic group (81.8% vs. 70.9%), however no significant difference was observed (? =0.128). PA with invasiveness to the cavernous sinus from the endoscopic group had significantly better remission rates opposed to the microscopic group (p 0.05). The use of endoscopic endonasal transphenoidal approach provides better remission rates in invasive PA compared to the conventional microsurgical approach. A long-term follow-up is still needed for further evaluation of our results.
Nutritional and fatty acid profiles of sun-dried edible black ants (Polyrhachis vicina Roger).

Determination of the nutritional composition of sun-dried edible black ants (Polyrhachis vicina Roger) cultivated in Zhejiang and Guizhou Provinces, China, was carried out. The Zhejiang and Guizhou ants contained 31.5% and 41.5% protein, 15.7% and 15.9% lipid, and 25.4% and 26.4% fibre respectively. Monounsaturated fatty acids were the most predominant fatty acids (71.472.7% of total fatty acids) found in both ant samples, followed by saturated fatty acids (23.825.5%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (3.13.7%). A significant amount of n-3 fatty acids was detected: 87.4 mg/100g and 145.6 mg/100g in Zhejiang and Guizhou ants respectively. Phosphorus, iron and calcium were the main minerals found in the ant samples. A small amount of selenium was also found.
Growth promoting effects of a multi-strain probiotic on common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings

Probiotics have shown beneficial effects on growth parameters of various food animals. In this research, the growth promoting effects of a multi-strain probiotic was investigated on common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Accordingly, 200 fish (6-7g) were randomly allocated to 4 experimental groups. The first group received placebo and was served as the negative control. The second group received the prebiotic Fermacto at 3g/kg diet and was considered as the positive control. The remaining 2 groups received a multi-strain probiotic (PTX) at 75 and 150mg/kg feed, respectively. The body weights and lengths of all fish were measured at the end of the experiment (day 45). The amounts of protein, fat, ash and dry matter of fish meat were analyzed in all experimental groups (n= 6 each). The probiotic, at 75mg/kg feed, significantly increased the body weights and lengths, as well as the condition factor. Consistently, the feed conversion rate was lower in PTX treated groups. The percentage of meat fat was significantly lower in groups receiving either the probiotic at 150mg/kg feed, or Fermacto, compared to the control. The fish receiving PTX at 150mg/kg feed showed significantly higher amounts of meat protein. The levels of meat ash and meat dry matter were not statistically different compared to the control group. The present study suggests that PTX, at 75mg/kg feed, is effective in improving the growth and feed conversion rates of common carps
CRITICAL EVALUATION OF THE DETERMINANTS OF DIVIDEND POLICY OF BANKING SECTOR IN NIGERIA

This study is aimed at critical evaluation of the determinants of the Dividend Policy of Nigerian Banks. We have based this study on panel data of selected Banks that are listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) having financial data for the 2008 to 2013 that was covered in the study. The appropriate diagnostic test on the data was conducted using the data Skewness and Kurtosis test of the data distribution normality while the relationship between the variables was tested using the panel least square regression analysis , however robustness of the result was confirmed with the correlation analysis. Dividend payment is positively related with leverage, performance, corporate governance and last year dividend while it is negatively related with firm's liquidity. This study confirm the relevance of the Agency theory to the Banks Dividend Policy while the future dividend can be predicted based on the current dividend.
Myostatin Gene Polymorphism and Its Association with Production Traits in Western Azerbaijan Native Chickens

In the present study, the polymorphism of myostatin gene (MSTN) in native chickens of Western Azerbaijan Rearing and Breeding Institute was investigated. The blood samples were collected from eighty two randomly selected hens. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples and a fragment of myostatin including 599 bp in promoter and exon 1 was amplified using PCR method. Breeding values for body weight and carcass traits were predicted by univariate animal mixed model analysis, using WOMBAT software. The effects of different SSCP genotypes on breeding and phenotypic values of the studied traits were evaluated by general linear model analysis. Three different single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) genotypes as AA, AB and AC were identified, with frequencies of 0.244, 0.549 and 0.207, respectively. Shannon and Nei gene diversity indices and number of effective alleles in the studied population were 0.88, 0.53 and 2.2, respectively, which indicated a high diversity of the studied population. Moreover, the studied population was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The effect of the SSCP genotypes on breeding and phenotypic values was significant only in the case of breeding value for body weight at 12 weeks of age, whereas, the AC genotype individuals, significantly (P<0.05) had the lowest breeding value for body weight at 12 weeks of age. Based on the results obtained, it could be concluded that the studied fragment of myostatin gene is polymorphic in native chickens of Azerbaijan and could be used for marker assisted selection.