Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sustaining the agriculture: practices, challenges and opportunities of integrating indigenous and modern methods of soil fertility management in rural Ethiopia. The case study of Bore district, southern Ethiopia.

Steady declining of soil productivity aggravated by diminishing per capita holdings of arable land poses a severe threat to sustainability of agricultural production and livelihoods for the majority of the farming population in rural Ethiopia. Farming mechanism and strategies in Ethiopian agriculture is mainly focus on technological transfer which put loose attention to local soil fertility management practices. Thus, aggregately, less production is being achieved. Hence, the only use of modern science in diverse agro-ecological zone of farming area and complex socio-economic conditions of the people has failed to ensure sustainable agriculture. Nowadays, across the world however, there is significant recognition of the role of Indigenous Knowledge (IK) in many development dimensions which is not exceptional to soil fertility management. However, in Ethiopia the absence of effective linkage between IK and modern science in land management in general and soil in particular is the most probable problems that hinder the effectiveness of the development of agriculture. Therefore, the attempt of this paper work was to assess the integration of indigenous and modern methods of soil fertility management measures and prominent challenges in sustaining agriculture at rural Ethiopia. Three kebeles from the study district that found at different agro-ecological zone were purposively selected. It was due to visible intense practices of indigenous soil fertility management measures. Out of 1422 household residents under the three agro-ecological zones, 142 household farmers were randomly selected using simple random sampling procedure. Questionnaire surveys, key informant interview and observation checklist were data gathering tools used. As the finding, the use of chemical fertilizer was not only lesser but also far below what is normally recommended per hectare. This was due to a number of inconveniences (i.e., wealth difference, high price of farm inputs, in sufficient credit, and untimely supply of the fertilizer), and therefore, retarded the practices for ensuring food security. There is integration of the two bodies of knowledge. Lack of adequate and organized trainings for farmers, limited input, fragmented land holdings, technical failure, and deficiency of the farmer-extension services are the major constraints in linking the two bodies of knowledge.
PROTEIN FRACTIONS AND IN VITRO FERMENTATION OF PROTEIN FEEDS FOR RUMINANTS

The objective of this study was to evaluate 20 protein feeds grouped in forages, vegetal by- products and animal by-products used for ruminant diets. Protein fractions (PF): A, non-protein nitrogen (NPN); B 1 , buffer-soluble protein; B 2 , buffer-insoluble, NDF-soluble protein; B 3 , NDF-insoluble, ADF-soluble protein; and C, ADF-insoluble protein, were determined for each ingredient. Â Protein composition was correlated with total gas production in vitro (GP), gas production rate (S), lag time (L), DM disappearance (DMDIV) and residual protein (RPIV). The completely randomised designed was analysed using mixed proc. and Tukey contrasts. Forages contained 18.29, 7.86, 66.00, 2.96, 4.89% of fractions A, B 1 , B 2 , B 3 and C, respectively. Vegetable by-products contained 22.55, 4.55, 59.51, 8.84, 4.55% of each fraction, in the same order. Animal by-products contained 19.13, 4.52, 70.24, 3.74, 2.37% of each fraction, in the same order. Vetch, wheat bran and poultry litter had the greatest Vmax in each group. Vmax was correlated (Pâ‰¤0.01) with total protein (r = -0.45), ADF (r = 0.27) and DMDIV (r = 0.61). In conclusion, there were differences in protein composition and kinetics of in vitro gas production among ingredients.
The Effects of Corporate Governance on the Intellectual Capital Disclosure: An Empirical Study from Banking Sector in Indonesia

The objective of this research is to provide empirical evidence of the effect of corporate governance on the disclosure of intellectual capital in annual reports issued by the banking sector in Indonesia. This research used 36 annual reports of listed companies on Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) from 2004 to 2008. The research finds that on average the information of intellectual capital that is disclosed by companies in Indonesia is only 35.7%. In this case, board size, independent directors and ownership structure do not affect the intellectual capital disclosure, while the existence of management ownership is a significant variable that has a negative effect on the disclosure of the internal structure of the capital. This implies that with the ownership management in a company, the management will tend to keep information and not disclose it to outsiders. Furthermore, the findings of this paper implied that intellectual capital disclosure could be used as one of an approach to assess the sustainability of the company.
Short-term impact of forest harvesting on water quality and zooplankton communities in oligotrophic headwater lakes of the eastern Canadian Boreal Shield

The objective of this study was to investigate the short-term impact of forest harvesting within the first year after perturbation on water quality and zooplankton in oligotrophic lakes of the eastern Canadian Boreal Shield. To achieve this objective a balanced multiple before/after-control-impact (MBACI) experimental design was used including four headwater lakes sampled twice before (July and September 2003) and twice after harvesting (July and September 2004) and four undisturbed control lakes sampled at the same dates. Significant increases in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations were detected after the perturbation but did not result in a bottom-up effect. Differences in pelagic phytoplankton biomass and zooplankton community structure were not related to harvesting activities. Spatial and temporal variability was observed among lakes in logged as well as in control lakes. Therefore natural variability seemed to be more important in determining ecological patterns within the lakes than the short-term impacts of forest harvesting. We hypothesise that novel logging strategies such as careful logging around advanced growth in combination with 20-m buffer strips fringing streams and lakes might be an efficient protection to mitigate short-term effects of additional allochthonous matter input in lake pelagic zones after forestry activities on watersheds.
Random loop representations for quantum spin systems

We describe random loop models and their relations to a family of quantum spin systems on finite graphs. The family includes spin 1/2 Heisenberg models with possibly anisotropic spin interactions and certain spin 1 models with SU(2)-invariance. Quantum spin correlations are given by loop correlations. Decay of correlations is proved in 2D-like graphs, and occurrence of macroscopic loops is proved in the cubic lattice in dimensions 3 and higher. As a consequence, a magnetic long-range order is rigorously established for the spin 1 model, thus confirming the presence of a nematic phase.
Incentives for Biological Conservation: Costa Rica's Private Wildlife Refuge Program

Abstract: The alarming pace of tropical biodiversity loss requires development of innovative approaches for in situ biodiversity conservation. Incentive‐based approaches have emerged as one possible option. We interviewed 68 private nature reserve owners to learn more about one of Costa Rica's incentive programs. The interview group included all reserve owners participating in the government's Private Wildlife Refuge Program (n = 22) and a control group of nonparticipating owners (n = 46). Quantitative and qualitative data led to seven main conclusions on the use of incentive programs: (1) a developing country can expand and enhance its formal park system through conservation incentives; (2) insufficient promotion, and resulting information gaps, can prevent an incentive program from realizing its full potential; (3) landowners enter a program not only in response to the intended incentive package, but also for several powerful and hidden incentives such as publicity and marketing purposes; (4) underutilization of official incentives by participants, in part due to sporadic delivery of incentives by the government, can undermine program effectiveness; (5) biodiversity protection goals can be accomplished by means of a wide range of incentives; (6) programs that require only a short‐term commitment by landowners can still lead to long‐term biodiversity protection; and ( 7) a program can produce unanticipated negative consequences at the national level, including putting conservation at odds with social justice. These and other lessons on the use of incentives should be of interest wherever biodiversity is threatened, wherever new conservation partners are being sought, and wherever incentive‐based approaches are being considered.
Two Noise Addition Methods For Privacy-Preserving Data Mining

In the last decade, more and more researches have focused on privacy-preserving data min ing(PPDM). The previous work can be div ided into two categories: data modification and data encryption. Data encryption is not used as widely as data modificat ion because of its high cost on computing and communications. Data perturbation, including additive noise, mu lt iplicative noise, matrix mu ltip lication, data swapping, data shuffling, k-anonymization, Blocking, is an important technology in data modification method. PPDM has two targets: privacy and accuracy, and they are often at odds with each other. Th is paper begins with a proposal of two new noise addition methods for perturbing the original data, followed by a discussion of how they meet the two targets. Experiments show that the methods given in this paper have higher accuracy than existing ones under the same condition of privacy strength.
Organic Collaborative Teams: The Role of Collaboration and Peer to Peer Support for Part-Time Doctoral Completion

With doctoral completion rates hovering around 50%, students, faculty and institutions are seeking methods for improvement. This narrative inquiry examined the impact of collaboration and peer to peer experiences on doctoral completion of three peers in a part-time doctoral program. Prior to this inquiry, minimal research existed on the impact of peer to peer support and collaboration on doctoral completion; therefore, the three peer authors defined, described, and recommended ways to encourage organic collaboration. The authors’ defined organic collaboration as a naturally-formed dynamic peer to peer support group, built on individual strengths and differences, while focused on a common goal. Themes found during the narrative inquiry included the identification of a common goal, amicable group dynamics, peer to peer support, and intentional relational learning. The peer authors provided practical knowledge on ways students, faculty and higher education institutions can benefit from encouraging and supporting organic collaboration. This narrative inquiry demonstrated the long-term benefits of peer to peer support and collaboration that led to scholarly, professional, and personal support.
Two-Dimensional Materials from Data Filtering and Ab Initio Calculations

Progress in materials science depends on the ability to discover new materials and to obtain and understand their properties. This has recently become particularly apparent for compounds with reduced dimensionality, which often display unexpected physical and chemical properties, making them very attractive for applications in electronics, graphene being so far the most noteworthy example. Here, we report some previously unknown two-dimensional materials and their electronic structure by data mining among crystal structures listed in the International Crystallographic Structural Database, combined with density-functional-theory calculations. As a result, we propose to explore the synthesis of a large group of two-dimensional materials, with properties suggestive of applications in nanoscale devices, and anticipate further studies of electronic and magnetic phenomena in low-dimensional systems.
Physical and chemical analysis of vermicomposting characteristicsderived from food wastages-A case study

Vermicomposting is a proper process for stabilization of organic waste particularly household waste. The aim of this study is the chemical and physical analysis of vermicomposting characteristics which derived from household’s food waste. For conducting this study, first a plastic tank for producing vermicompost was made and then by the primary media, soft soil, composting waste and Eisenia foetida worm the loading of it was started and after 30 to 90 days the sampling have done. In these samples the total carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorous percent, electrical conductivity and moisture parameters were evaluated. The results showed that the percentages of organic matter, ash, total carbon, total nitrogen, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen, phosphorous, electrical conductivity, moisture and the pH of the mature compost (90 days) respectively they are 42±2.8, 53±0.17, 22±0.17, 1.12±0.003, 20±0.25, 2.8±0.26%, 12000±200 μs/cm, 56±5.5 and 8.3±0.2% all the evaluated parameters were consisted with the standards. Based on the obtained results, it could be concluded that the house and restaurant’s owners by using simple and local procedure could produce high quality vermicompost which would consistent with the standards and they could help the integrated municipal solid waste management environmentally and economically and also could cause the significant reduction of food waste at the source of it.
Impacts of the COERR Writing Project on Cambodian Students’ Attitudes and Writing Performance

This study aims to assess the impacts of the Catholic Office for Emergency, Relief and Refugees (COERR) Writing Project (COERRWP) on students' attitudes and their writing performance in correlation with age, gender and language proficiency. In the first stage, a study was conducted to assess 45 students’ actual writing performance based on score analysis of their writing test through 2011 to 2014. In the second stage, a quantitative survey questionnaire was administered to a further 80 students from the initial cohort of intermediate, upper and advanced levels. The study found that the COERRWP was effective in improving macro performance such as paragraph or essay structures rather than micro performance or the accurate use of lexico-grammar.
Access to Risk Mitigating Weather Forecasts and Changes in Farming Operations in East and West Africa: Evidence from a Baseline Survey

Unfavorable weather currently ranks among the major challenges facing agricultural development in many African countries. Impact mitigation through access to reliable and timely weather forecasts and other adaptive mechanisms are foremost in Africa’s policy dialogues and socio-economic development agendas. This paper analyzed the factors influencing access to forecasts on incidence of pests/diseases (PD) and start of rainfall (SR). The data were collected by Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and analyzed with Probit regression separately for East Africa, West Africa and the combined dataset. The results show that 62.7% and 56.4% of the farmers from East and West Africa had access to forecasts on start of rainfall, respectively. In addition, 39.3% and 49.4% of the farmers from East Africa indicated that forecasts on outbreak of pests/diseases and start of rainfall were respectively accompanied with advice as against 18.2% and 41.9% for West Africa. Having received forecasts on start of rainfall, 24.0% and 17.6% of the farmers from East and West Africa made decisions on timing of farming activities respectively. Probabilities of having access to forecasts on PD significantly increased with access to formal education, farm income and previous exposure to climatic shocks. Furthermore, probabilities of having access to forecasts on SR significantly increased (p < 0.05) with access to business income, radio and perception of more erratic rainfall, among others. It was recommended that promotion of informal education among illiterate farmers would enhance their climatic resilience, among others.
E-öğrenme Ortamlarında Öğrenme Stilleri ve Akademik Başarı Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Bu calismada e-ogrenme ortamlarindaki ogrencilerin ogrenme stillerinin akademik basari uzerindeki etkisi arastirilmistir. Arastirmada “e-ogrenme stilleri, cevrim ici derslere katilim, video kayitlarini izleme degiskenleri akademik basarinin yordayicisi midir? ” sorusuna yanit aranmistir. Arastirma olcme ve degerlendirme dersi kapsaminda ogretim yonetim sistemi uzerinden 14 hafta boyunca cevrimici derslerle yurutulmustur. Ogrencilere bu kurs sonunda pedagojik formasyon egitim sertikasi verilmistir. Arastirmada 2016-2017 ogretim yilinda uzaktan egitim yoluyla pedagojik formasyon egitimi alan 501 ogrenciye (351 kadin, 150 erkek) Gulbahar ve Alper (2014) tarafindan gelistirilen E-Ogrenme Stilleri Olcegi ve Basari testi uygulanmistir. Arastirmacilar tarafindan gelistirilen, arastirma grubuna benzeyen baska bir grupta denenerek guvenilir ve gecerli sonuclar verdigi belirlenen Basari Testi calisma grubuna uygulanarak, bu testten alinan puanlar akademik basarinin olcusu olarak kabul edilmistir. Verilerin cozumlenmesinde asamali coklu regresyon analizi kullanilmistir. Arastirma sonuclarina gore, cevrimici derslere katilma, video kayitlarini izleme, aktif ogrenme stili ve bagimsiz ogrenme stili e-ogrenme ortaminda akademik basariyi yordamaktadir. Bu dort degisken akademik basaridaki toplam varyansin %7’sini aciklamaktadir.
Opportunities of automated motive-based user review analysis in the context of mobile app acceptance

The increasing amount and importance of user-generated content that is available in the web necessitates methods of its effective and efficient utilization. In this paper a system is presented that enables automated classification of user reviews concerning the usage motives mentioned in the review. Four possible applications of the system are discussed in detail in the course of this paper: a learning environment for mobile app development, a download prognosis mechanism, app prizing decision support system, a recommendation system. These applications are evaluated concerning state-of-the-art methods that currently address the challenge as well as advantages of the implementation of a motive-based system in the particular business processes.
Comparison of the values of measured hydratation of sporting youths with normative values

Backround: When measuring body composition, we monitor the fractionalization of body weight and the share of the individual elements in its aggregate value. The total body water (TBW) is a very important element in addition to the share of body fat (BF), muscle mass and bone minerals. Water is the largest element of the body weight and its sufficient amount (organism hydration) is a condition for maintaining the physiological functions of the person and thus has an immediate effect on the health of the individual. Objective: The aim of the study is to check the standard values of the percentage share of the representation of the total body water in the total body weight in different age groups of sporting youths using the tetrapolar bio-impedance Tanita 418 MA scale. Methods: The research group included a total of 532 individuals (332 men and 200 women) at the age from 12 to 17 years. They were individuals with regular physical activity and without any health problems. The measurement was carried out using the tetrapolar bio-impedance TANITA 418 MA scale. The confidence interval at the reliability level of . 99 was used to define the range of the standard values of the percentage share of the total body water representation. The normalization index Ni was used to compare the mean values of the total body water representation with the reference file. Results: The mean values of the TBW representation in boys ranged from 61.75 to 64.34% and in girls from 55.51 to 58.69%, always in relation to the age. The value of the upper bound of (95%) the confidence interval of the Tanita 418 MA device software did not exceed the lower bound of the standard (65%) in any of the monitored files. Conclusions: The results showed significant gender differences in the total body water representation that, however, the standard of the used device does not respect. The standard values are set high which was also confirmed by the comparison of our results with other studies that used the same method of measurement.
Heat transfer and air temperature measurements of an impinging synthetic air jet

Synthetic jets are a relatively new technology that can achieve high rates of heat transfer. They have been shown to out-perform comparable steady impinging jets without the need for an external air supply system. The current experimental research is concerned with the mean and fluctuating heat transfer and local air temperature distribution of an impinging synthetic jet. Tests were conducted for Reynolds numbers from 1000 to 3000, and nozzle to impingement surface spacings of 2 and 6 diameters. The stroke length was maintained constant and equal to 8 diameters in all the reported data. The results obtained show a strong correspondence between the local heat transfer and air temperatures. The periodicity of the synthetic air jet flow characterise the surface heat flux and local fluid temperature behaviour in the stagnation region. At larger radial distances and Reynolds numbers the influence is less significant however.
Prospective of Robots in the Practice of Nursing: A Qualitative Descriptive Approach

: Performing quality nursing care for the patient is the job of the nurse. Healthcare have been relying on robotic technology in doing surgical activities for many years. However, because of recent issues indicate the emergence of robotic technology in primary health care, specifically in assisting the nurse in simple procedures such as lifting and moving patients, taking vital signs in order to lessen the fatigability of the nurse . This study utilized the qualitative descriptive perspective. Lambert & Lambert (2012), described qualitative descriptive studies as a comprehensive summarization, in everyday terms, of specific events and situations experienced by individuals. The participants of this study were American nurses assigned in the hospital with at least five-year experience of direct patient care. The principal data gathering tool is an open-ended question. The study revealed six major themes as follows: fear of losing job as a nurse, negative effects of robots, significance of the application of robots, unique view of nursing, the use of robots in specific areas and certain conditions must be put in place. Participants are lukewarm with the use of robots in nursing practice. There is a need to provide a comprehensive theoretical and philosophical view of the critical need of robots in nursing practice among nurses.