Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electrically Small Huygens CP Rectenna With a Driven Loop Element Maximizes Its Wireless Power Transfer Efficiency

An electrically small Huygens circularly polarized (HCP) rectenna whose antenna is directly matched to its rectifying circuit is developed and experimentally validated in the ISM band at 915 MHz. The HCP antenna is a near-field resonant parasitic (NFRP) design consisting of a driven element and a crossed pair of balanced electric and magnetic NFRP dipole elements. The rectifier circuit is highly capacitive. It is a full-wave design based on two HSMS286C Schottky diodes. Two innovative driven element designs are explored that facilitate the effective conjoin of the antenna to different classes of external circuits. An HCP antenna with a driven spiral line element is demonstrated. Its input impedance is capacitive and, hence, the system is ideal for matching directly to an inductive external circuit. An HCP antenna with a driven loop element is investigated in a similar manner. The system has an inductive input impedance that is subsequently optimized to be conjugately match to the capacitive rectifier directly. The measured HCP rectenna prototype has broad-angle capture capacity, avoids any polarization mismatch issues, and has exceptional ac to dc conversion efficiency, the maximum reaching 90.6%. It is an ideal candidate for wireless power transfer (WPT)-enabled Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications.
A New Physically Meaningful Threshold of Sample Entropy for Detecting Cardiovascular Diseases

Sample Entropy (SampEn) is a popular method for assessing the regularity of physiological signals. Prior to the entropy calculation, certain common parameters need to be initialized: Embedding dimension m, tolerance threshold r and time series length N. Nevertheless, the determination of these parameters is usually based on expert experience. Improper assignments of these parameters tend to bring invalid values, inconsistency and low statistical significance in entropy calculation. In this study, we proposed a new tolerance threshold with physical meaning (rp), which was based on the sampling resolution of physiological signals. Statistical significance, percentage of invalid entropy values and ROC curve were used to evaluate the proposed rp against the traditional threshold (rt). Normal sinus rhythm (NSR), congestive heart failure (CHF) as well as atrial fibrillation (AF) RR interval recordings from Physionet were used as the test data. The results demonstrated that the proposed rp had better stability than rt, hence more adaptive to detect cardiovascular diseases of CHF and AF.
A proof of Perrin-Riou’s Heegner point main
conjecture

Let $E/\mathbf{Q}$ be an elliptic curve of conductor $N$, let $p$ be a prime of a good ordinary reduction for $E$, and let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field satisfying the Heegner hypothesis relative to $N$. In 1987, Perrin-Riou formulated an Iwasawa main conjecture for the Tate-Shafarevich group of $E$ over the anticyclotomic $\mathbf{Z}_p$-extension of $K$ in terms of a module of Heegner points over the anticyclotomic tower. In this paper, we upgrade Howard's divisibility towards the Heegner point main conjecture to a proof of the predicted equality. Our method builds on W. Zhang's results on Kolyvagin's conjecture, combined with the $p$-adic Waldspurger formula and Kolyvagin's structure theorem for Tate-Shafarevich groups in the rank one case, and with Howard's theory of bipartite Euler systems in the general rank case.
“I am a young immigrant woman doing physics and on top of that I am Muslim”: Identities, intersections, and negotiations

Framed within intersectionality and using science identity as a unit of analysis, in this single case study I explore the barriers, difficulties, and conflicts that Amina, a young Muslim woman, immigrant in Western Europe confronted throughout her trajectory in physics and the ways in which her multiple identities intersected. The main sources of data consisted of three long biographical interviews, which were analyzed through a constant comparative method. The analysis of the data provided insights into how intrapersonal, interpersonal, sociocultural factors, alongside a myriad of experiences nurtured Amina's intersectional identities and what this may mean for Muslim women's participation in physics. The findings are summarized in two main assertions: (a) Amina was confronted with various barriers across her journey in physics with the intersection of religion and gender being the major barrier to her perceived recognition due to cultural expectations, sociopolitical factors, and negative stereotypes and (b) Amina's social class, religion, gender performance, and ethnic status positioned her as Other in various places throughout her trajectory in physics, and consequently hindered her sense of belonging. These findings suggest the urgency and importance of: (a) examining the intersection of science identity with other identities, especially, religion, gender, and ethnicity for the purpose of extrapolating a more comprehensive understanding of how minoritized groups participate in science; (b) rethinking recognition through an explicit intersectionality lens across various geographical and sociopolitical contexts; and (c) transforming physics into a diverse world where multiple ways of being are recognized, where minoritized groups will not have to compartmentalize parts of their identities to exist, and where they can perform their authentic and intersectional identities.
Prevalence of Depression among Sudanese Patients with type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background : Both diabetes mellitus and depression are common disorders, and when coexist; they lead to poor glycemic control that may ultimately increase the risk of both micro and macrovascular complications. In Sudan, few data are available regarding prevalence of depression among subjects with type -2 diabetes mellitus. Objectives : The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of depression among Sudanese patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods : A cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out among Sudanese patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus who attended medical insurance clinic in Omdurman. The patients gave consent and HADS questionnaire was filled. Results : The study enrolled 400 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 176 (44%) of them had depression. Among those with depression, 52.3% had mild depression, 29.5% and 18.2% of them, had severe and moderate depression, respectively. Sixty three percent of the study group were female. Their ages range from 30-79 years with a mean of 56.6 ±13.The average duration of diabetes was 10.3 years. 76% of patients were physically inactive and 16 (4%) of them were smokers. Fifty six (14%) had family history of psychiatric disorders, 170 (42.5%) of them showed lack of enjoyment, 77 (19.3%) of them lacked laughing, 81(20.3%) of them lost sensation of happiness, 68(17%) of them lost energy, 238 (59.5%) of them neglected their external appearance, 76 (19%) of them showed no enjoyment, and 62 (15.5%) of them lost enjoying reading or watching television. Conclusion : Depression is common among Sudanese patients with type -2 diabetes mellitus, therefore screening for depression should be part of routine clinical evaluation of these patients. Key words : Sudan, diabetes mellitus, depression.
Vector gauge boson radiation from compact binary systems in a gauged 
Lμ−Lτ
 scenario

The orbital period of the binary neutron star systems decrease due to mainly quadrupole gravitational radiation which agrees with the observation to within one percent. Other types of radiation such as ultralight scalar or pseudoscalar radiation, massive vector boson radiation also contribute to the decay of orbital period within the permissible limit. Due to large chemical potential and degenerate electrons, the neutron stars have a large muon charge. We obtain the energy loss for the radiation of massive vector proca field from neutron star binaries. We also derive the energy loss for the $U(1)_{L_\mu-L_\tau}$ gauge boson radiation from the binaries. For the radiation of vector boson the mass is restricted by $M_{z^\prime}<\Omega$ where $\Omega\simeq10^{-19}eV$ are the orbital frequencies of PSR B1913+16 and PSR J0737-3039 neutron star binaries. Using the orbital period decay formula, we put constraints on the coupling constant of the gauge boson in anomaly free $L_\mu-L_\tau$ gauged theory for the Hulse-Taylor (PSR B1913+16) binary pulsar and the Double Pulsar (PSR J0737-3039). For vector gauge boson muon coupling we find the coupling constant for Hulse-Taylor binary is $g<2.207\times 10^{-18}$ and for PSR J0737-3039 the coupling is $g<2.17\times 10^{-19}$. We also obtain the exclusion plot for the massive vector proca field from the two binaries.
Exploiting symmetry and criticality in quantum sensing andquantum simulation

Decoherence and errors appear among the main challenges to implement successful quantum technologies. In this thesis I discuss the application of some general tools and principles that may be valuable resources to develop robust technologies, with applications in quantum sensing and quantum simulation. Firstly, we employ suitable periodically driving fields acting on the Ising model in order to tailor spin-spin interactions depending on the spatial direction of the bonds. In this way, we are able to simulate the quantum compass model on a square lattice. This system exhibits topological order and a doubly degenerate ground state protected against local noise. A possible implementation of this proposal is outlined for atomic quantum simulators. Secondly, we exploit two general working principles based on spontaneous symmetry breaking and criticality that may be beneficial to achieve robust quantum sensors, particularly appropriate for quantum optical dissipative systems. A concrete application is given for a minimal model: a single qubit laser. It is shown how the precision in parameter estimation is enhanced as the incoherent pumping acting on the qubit increases, and also when the system is close to the lasing critical point. Finally, classical long-range correlations in lattice systems are shown to provide us with an additional resource to be used in robust sensing schemes. The previous setup is extended to a lattice of single qubit lasers where interactions are incoherent. Under the right conditions, we show that a Heisenberg scaling with the number of probes can be accomplished.
Mid-infrared evolution of η Carinae from 1968 to 2018

η Car is one of the most luminous and massive stars in our Galaxy and is the brightest mid-IR source in the sky outside our solar system. Since the late 1990s, the central source has dramatically brightened at UV and optical wavelengths. This might be explained by a decrease in circumstellar dust extinction. We aim to establish the mid-IR flux evolution and further our understanding of the star’s UV and optical brightening. Mid-IR images from 8−20 μm were obtained in 2018 with VISIR at the Very Large Telescope. Archival data from 2003 and 2005 were retrieved from the ESO Science Archive Facility, and historical records were collected from publications. We present mid-IR images of η Car with the highest angular resolution to date at the corresponding wavelengths (≥0.22″). We reconstruct the mid-IR evolution of the spectral energy distribution of the spatially integrated Homunculus nebula from 1968 to 2018 and find no long-term changes. The bolometric luminosity of η Car has been stable over the past five decades. We do not observe a long-term decrease in the mid-IR flux densities that could be associated with the brightening at UV and optical wavelengths, but circumstellar dust must be declining in our line of sight alone. Short-term flux variations within about 25% of the mean levels could be present.
Subgroups of right-angled Coxeter groups via Stallings-like techniques

We associate a cube complex to any given finitely generated subgroup of a right-angled Coxeter group, called the completion of the subgroup. A completion characterizes many properties of the subgroup such as whether it is quasiconvex, normal, finite-index or torsion-free. We use completions to show that reflection subgroups are quasiconvex, as are one-ended Coxeter subgroups of a 2-dimensional right-angled Coxeter group. We provide an algorithm that determines whether a given one-ended, 2-dimensional right-angled Coxeter group is isomorphic to some finite-index subgroup of another given right-angled Coxeter group. In addition, we answer several algorithmic questions regarding quasiconvex subgroups. Finally, we give a new proof of Haglund's result that quasiconvex subgroups of right-angled Coxeter groups are separable.
The accuracy of body weight estimation in Fat Tailed Sheep based on linear body measurements and tail circumference

The aim of the research was to determine the accuracy of the estimation of DEG body weight based on linear measurements (chest circumference/ CC, tail circumference/ TC, body length/ BL, and body height/ BH). The research is expected to produce a model of DEG body weight estimation based on linear measurements (CC, BL, BH and tail circumference/ TC). Material used in this research was male fat tailed sheep which has different age seen from the change of permanent teeth PI0, PI1, PI2. The total number of animal used in this research was 60 with details of PI0 = 30, PI1 = 24 and PI2 = 6. Data were analysed by Linear and Multiple Regression Analysis between Body weight and BCS, Linear measurements (CC, BL, BH and TC), using Minitab software version 13. 1. All variables of linear measurements of the body have a strong relationship with body weight, the strongest relationship is body weight with chest circumference, and tail circumference. Estimation of body weight using multiple regression functions (BW = -18.7 + 0.408BH + 0.172BL + 0.274CC + 0.178TC) has an accuracy higher than the estimated body weight using the Schoorl formula.
Fade to grey: systematic variation of galaxy attenuation curves with galaxy properties in the eagle simulations

We present a simple model for galaxy attenuation by fitting skirt radiative transfer calculations for ∼10 000 eagle galaxies at redshifts z = 2 − 0. Our model adapts the two-component screen model of Charlot & Fall, parametrizing the optical depth and slope of the interstellar medium screen using the average dust surface density, Σdust. We recover relatively tight relations between these parameters for the eagle sample, but also provide the scatter in these parameters owing to the morphological variation and orientation of galaxies. We also find that these relations are nearly independent of redshift in the eagle model. By pairing our model with an empirical prescription for birth clouds below the resolution scale of the simulation, we reproduce the observed relation between attenuation slope and optical depth for the first time in a cosmological simulation. We demonstrate that this result is remarkably independent of the attenuation properties assumed for the birth cloud screen, merely requiring a boosted attenuation for infant stars. We present this model with a view to interpreting observations, as well as processing semi-analytic models and other hydrodynamic simulations.
Intramachine and intermachine reproducibility of concentric performance: A study of the Con-Trex MJ and the Cybex Norm dynamometers

Introduction: There is minimal information in the literature concerning the intramachine reliability of the new Isokinetic dynamometer Con-Trex MJ, and the intermachine reproducibility of this instrument with the Cybex Norm isokinetic dynamometer. Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide some insight with regard to the reproducibility of Con-Trex MJ in measuring the knee muscle performance in flexion and extension (concentric) and to compare the variability of measurement between Con-Trex and Cybex Norm. Methods: 35 (70 legs) male subjects with no previous history of any knee pathology volunteered for the study. Intramachine reproducibility was evaluated by assessing 30 legs twice on the Con-Trex MJ, within 2 to 7 days, at angular velocities of 60 ◦ , 180 ◦ and 300 ◦ /sec. Intermachine reproducibility was evaluated by assessing 40 legs randomly on the Con-Trex MJ and Cybex Norm within 2 to 7 days at 60 ◦ and 180 ◦ /sec. Coefficient of variation (CV) was used to determine the reproducibility of repeated measurements at p< 0.01. Results: Intra: The variability of measurements of Con-Trex for Peak Torque, was 5.19-5.68% for extension and 4.84-7.33% for flexion depending on the angular velocity. This is acceptable for clinical and research studies. Inter: Between the two Isokinetic devices there was a greater CV for Peak Torque ranging 7.28-9.17% for extension and 8.54-15.84% for flexion. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, comparisons of results between the two devices may not be valid. The results for knee flexion and extension measurements at 60 ◦ and 180 ◦ /sec recorded with Con-Trex were consistently greater than the values recorded with the Cybex Norm.
Distributed Consensus Observer for Multiagent Systems With High-Order Integrator Dynamics

This article presents a distributed consensus observer for multiagent systems with high-order integrator dynamics to estimate the leader state. Stability analysis is carefully studied to explore the convergence properties under undirected and directed communication, respectively. Using Lyapunov functions, fixed-time (resp. finite-time) stability is guaranteed for the undirected (resp. directed) interaction topology. Finally, simulation results are presented to demonstrate the theoretical findings.
What might the matter wave be telling us of the nature of matter

Abstract Various attempts at a thoroughly wave-theoretic explanation of matter have taken as their fundamental ingredient the de Broglie or matter wave. But that wave is superluminal, whereas it is implicit in the Lorentz transformation that influences propagate ultimately at the velocity c of light. It is shown that if the de Broglie wave is understood, not as a wave in its own right, but as the relativistically induced modulation of an underlying standing wave comprising counter-propagating inauences of velocity c, the energy, momentum, mass and inertia of a massive particle can be explained from the manner in which the modulated wave structure must adapt to a change of inertial frame. With those properties of the particle explained entirely from wave structure, nothing remains to be apportioned to anything discrete or isolidiwithin the wave. Consideration may thus be given to the possibility of wave-theoretic explanations of particle trajectories, and to a deeper understanding of the Klein-Gordon, Schrˆdinger and Dirac equations, all of which were conceived as equations for the de Broglie wave.
Keefektifan Teknik Restrukturisasi Kognitif Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI Administrasi Perkantoran SMK N 1 Banyudono Boyolali

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Keefektifan Teknik Restrukturisasi Kognitif Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI Administrasi Perkantoran SMK N 1 Banyudono Boyolali.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu (Quasi Eksperimental Design) dengan rancangan Nonequivalent Control Group Design yang terdiri dari kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Subjek penelitian masing-masing kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol 15 peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Analisis data menggunakan Mann Whitney dan Wilcoxon.
Patiënten Weten Beter: Verhalen over Patiëntenervaringen met Ziekenhuiszorg

Background- Implementing patient-centered care in the Dutch health care system is currently an important goal. Patient-centered care focuses on the patient and the individual's particular healthcare needs. The main goal of patient-centered care is to help the patients to become active participants in their care. The University of Twente conducted in cooperation with the Rathenau Institute research over experiences of patients with the health care system. From the 20th April 2012 till the 19th March 2013 a total of 94 participants wrote down their experiences with the Dutch health care system on the website www.patientenwetenbeter. nl. In this bachelor thesis research about who is most likely to participate in this study was conducted. Furthermore additional benefits in the patient’s health and an increase in satisfaction of writing about their experience are analyzed. Methods- The participants were asked to fill out a short questionnaire regarding socio-demographic variables about the writer. Then descriptive analysis was conducted on the basis of the gained data. Furthermore, the writers were asked to answer how their experience writing their story was. The answers regarding the writing experience were classified from the researchers into themes and sub-themes on the basis of an open thematic analysis. Results- Most of the writers were female, well-educated, between the ages of 26 and 70 years old, visited the hospital more than 10 times and wrote about ambivalent experiences. The following themes were found in the answers “Positive assessment of writing”, “Negative assessment of writing”, ” Duty”, ” Insight”, ”Higher regard for health”, “Change for next patient”, ” Reliving of emotion”, ” Self-awareness of emotion”, ” Closure” and ”Relief”. Conclusion- All in all was the sample more heterogeneous than previously expected. Although more women than men participate in this study and this might have led to a greater number of answers in the theme emotional response. Our findings indicate that the benefits of the Patienten Weten Beter study (PWB-study) are similar to those gained through expressive writing. In total 8 out of the 10 themes regarding the benefits of expressive writing were also found in the literature study. The two themes, which were not found in prior studies, are “Attitude towards writing” and the theme “Duty”. It can be concluded that benefits similar to those of expressive and therapeutic writing might be possible to reach with a much simpler set-up.
Intelligent query processing in P2P networks: Semantic issues and routing algorithms

P2P networks have become a commonly used way of disseminating content on the Internet. In this context, constructing efficient and distributed P2P routing algorithms for complex environments that include a huge number of distributed nodes with different computing and network capabilities is a major challenge. In the last years, query routing algorithms have evolved by taking into account different features (provenance, nodes? history, topic similarity, etc.). Such features are usually stored in auxiliary data structures (tables, matrices, etc.), which provide an extra knowledge engineering layer on top of the network, resulting in an added semantic value for specifying algorithms for efficient query routing. This article examines the main existing algorithms for query routing in unstructured P2P networks in which semantic aspects play a major role. A general comparative analysis is included, associated with a taxonomy of P2P networks based on their degree of decentralization and the different approaches adopted to exploit the available semantic aspects.
On the dynamics of inverse magnetic billiards

Consider a strictly convex set Ω in the plane, and a homogeneous, stationary magnetic field orthogonal to the plane whose strength is B on the complement of Ω and 0 inside Ω. The trajectories of a charged particle in this setting are straight lines concatenated with circular arcs of Larmor radius μ. We examine the dynamics of such a particle and call this inverse magnetic billiards. Comparisons are made to standard Birkhoff billiards and magnetic billiards, as some theorems regarding inverse magnetic billiards are consistent with each of these billiard variants while others are not.