Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The association of demographic variables and dietary habits on body mass index of foreign-born population in South Korea

The Republic of Korea (Korea) has been composed of a single ethnic group and, until very recently, has had little or no experience with large-volume of immigrants. The country, once known for its large-scale emigration, has emerged as a popular destination. As the foreign-born populations continue to grow, they experience dietary pattern changes. Dietary changes of immigrants are often associated with weight increase and consequently the risk of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes. This study examined the association of demographic variables and dietary habits on Body Mass Index (BMI) of foreign nationals living in Korea, based on a cross-sectional sample of 193 foreign-born men (120) and women (73). A web-based survey program, Zoho survey, was used to capture self-reported region of origin, socio-demographic variables, weight, height, frequency of physical activity, and food frequencies. For the entire sample (n=193), the World Health Organization (WHO) classification and the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity cut-off points of BMI were used. The average BMI was 24.6 (SD=3.6) kg/m 2 . Significant associations were observed between BMI and age (χ ² (8, N=193) =26.22, p<. 01), gender (χ ² (2, N=193) =11.45, p<. 01), and religious affiliation (χ ² (4, N=191) =9.53, p<. 05). On average, participants had meat and carbonated drinks 2.2 times a week; high calorie foods 1.5 times a week; and, dairy products 2.4 times a week. A significant correlation ( r=.14, p<.05 ) between BMI and eating meat was also observed. This study showed that the BMI varied with age, gender and religion. Frequent consumption of meat was associated with a significant increase in BMI. This increase in BMI could be associated with the dietary changes experienced by the newcomers or absence of more familiar products. Consequently, as the volume of immigrants continues to increase in Korea, it is imperative to consider designing and implementing public health policies specifically in relation to a healthy diet that can impact the prevalence of preventable chronic diseases. Thus, health education among foreign-born population in Korea should focus on reducing the intake of meat and high energy foods. Keywords: Acculturation, BMI, Demographic, Dietary habits, Korea, Immigrants, Physical Activity
Is China's Pollution the Culprit for the Choking of South Korea? Evidence from the Asian Dust

This paper studies the impact of air pollution spillover from China to South Korea. To isolate the effects of cross-border pollution spillover from that of locally generated pollution, we exploit within-South Korea and over-time variation in the incidence of Asian dust—a meteorological phenomenon exogenous to district–time cells in South Korea—together with temporal variations in China's air quality. We find that conditional on being exposed to Asian dust, increased pollution in China leads to increased mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in South Korean districts, with the most vulnerable being the elderly and children under five.
Actualización neuropsicológica del trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo

Introduccion. Las investigaciones neurocientificas mas recientes han aportado evidencia sobre la existencia de alteraciones funcionales y estructurales en los circuitos frontoestriatales entre los pacientes con trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo (TOC). Tambien se ha planteado que dichas alteraciones podrian explicar tanto los deficit cognitivos como la sintomatologia clinica del trastorno. En este trabajo presentamos una revision de los estudios que han analizado el funcionamiento neurocognitivo (atencion, memoria y funciones ejecutivas) de los pacientes con TOC. Desarrollo. Los estudios muestran resultados contradictorios en cuanto a la atencion selectiva y la velocidad de procesamiento. Con respecto a las funciones ejecutivas, los pacientes con TOC presentan deficit para cambiar el foco de atencion hacia los estimulos, problemas en la inhibicion de respuestas y en la capacidad para generar estrategias de planificacion. Los estudios que evaluan el funcionamiento de la memoria indican que estos pacientes presentan una deficiencia evidente en la memoria no verbal, mientras no esta tan claro que se de en la memoria verbal. Este deficit de memoria parece relacionado con la pobreza en el uso eficaz de estrategias, con la excesiva necesidad de comprobacion y la aparicion del fenomeno de la duda. Conclusiones. La gran heterogeneidad del trastorno y las limitaciones de algunos estudios, que no controlan la influencia de variables como la comorbilidad y la medicacion, impiden obtener conclusiones mas definitivas, si bien la alteracion neuropsicologica que resulta mas consistente es el deficit de las funciones ejecutivas. Futuros estudios deben centrarse en el control de las variables extranas, asi como en la relacion entre los procesos cognitivos y la sintomatologia del TOC.
An inter-laboratory comparison of Si isotope reference materials

Three Si isotope materials have been used for an inter-laboratory comparison exercise to ensure reproducibility between international laboratories investigating natural Si isotope variations using a variety of chemical preparation methods and mass spectrometric techniques. These proposed standard reference materials are (i) IRMM-018 (a SiO2 standard), (ii) Big-Batch (a fractionated SiO2 material prepared at the University of California Santa Barbara), and (iii) Diatomite (a natural diatomite sample originally deposited as marine biogenic opal). All analyses are compared with the international Si standard NBS28 (RM8546) and are in reasonable agreement (<+/- 0.22 parts per thousand. 1 sigma(SD) delta Si-30) given the different measurement techniques involved. These methods include both acid and alkaline dissolution/fusion, Si separation using cation exchange, selective co-precipitation, and gas-source versus plasma-ionization (high and low resolution) mass-spectrometric techniques. The average delta Si-30 for Diatomite, IRMM-018, and Big-Batch are + 1.26 parts per thousand, -1.65 parts per thousand and -10.48 parts per thousand, respectively, with corresponding delta Si-9 values of + 0.64 parts per thousand, -0.85 parts per thousand and -5.35 parts per thousand for the same standards, respectively. For the most fractionated standard (Big-Batch), results demonstrate a kinetic mass-dependent fractionation effect for atomic Si (i.e., delta Si-29 similar to 0.51 x delta Si-30). There is almost no statistical difference between the mean values obtained by each participating laboratory, with the notable exception of the IRMM-018 standard. This effect could be caused by heterogeneity or contamination of this standard. The results for the other two standards indicate that data sets produced using any of the methods employed in this study will have similar precision and differences are limited to 0.2 parts per thousand in mean delta Si-30 values for a given sample between laboratories, or differences of 0.13 parts per thousand. in mean delta Si-29 values.
Psychometric Properties of Timed Up and Go in Elderly People: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT The objective of this review was to critically evaluate the psychometric properties of Timed Up and Go (TUG) in a population of seniors living in their own homes or in institutions. Literature searches were performed in MEDLINE (OVID), CINAHL, AMED, Web of Science, and PubMed. The methods and results were rated using a standard checklist for appraising their qualitative attributes and measurement properties. A total number of 556 abstracts were reviewed, and 68 articles were included. The reliability of TUG was high in most studies but a majority of the studies were of doubtful design and there is a lack of studies evaluating absolute reliability. The validity was high in most respects except regarding prediction. Few studies gave any information about responsiveness with respect to TUG, yielding inconclusive results. TUG can be recommended to be used in most settings. It is a valid test but should not be used to discriminate between persons with a high or low fall risk in old age. Future studies should focus on evaluating responsiveness and absolute reliability.
Yabancılara Türkçe Öğretimi Programının Öğretmen ve Öğrenci Görüşlerine Göre Değerlendirilmesi

iii ÖZ. v TEŞEKKÜR. vi TABLO LİSTESİ. xii 1 GİRİŞ. 1 1.1 Problem Durum.2 1.2 Araştırmanın Amacı. 3 1.3 Araştırmanın Önemi. 4 1.4 Sınırlılıklar. 4 1.5 Varsayımlar. 5 2 KURAMSAL ÇERÇEVE. 6 2.1 Dil Öğretimi. 6 2.2 Yabancı Dil ve Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretimi. 7 2.3 Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminin Tarihi Gelişimi. 7 2.4 Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminde Yaklaşımlar. 9 2.4. 1 Geleneksel Yaklaşımlar. 9 2.4. 1.1 Dil Bilgisi Yaklaşımı. 9 2.4. 1.2 Kelime Yaklaşımı. 10 2.4. 1.3 Kültür Yaklaşımı. 10 2.4. 2 Davranışçı Yaklaşım. 11 2.4. 3 Bilişsel Yaklaşım. 11 2.4. 3.1 İletişimsel Yaklaşım. 12 2.4. 3.2 Kavramsal-İşlevsel Yaklaşımlar. 13
Behavioral effects observed in human newborns during exposure to naturally occurring odors

Newborn young of several mammalian species are attracted to the odor of amniotic fluid (AF); these chemical cues also appear to calm neonates and help them adapt to their novel postnatal environment. AF odor likewise elicits positive (head orientation) responses by human infants. The present study systematically examined whether the odors of AF and mother's breasts influence the crying of the newborn infant, when separated from its mother. The total crying time from 31-90 min postnatal was registered on tapes in 47 healthy fullterm newborns, allocated to one of three conditions: exposure to either AF or breast odor or no exposure (controls). Babies exposed to AF smell cried significantly less (median 29 s) than babies in the two other groups (breast odor—301 s, controls—135 s). The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the fetus may become familiar with chemical cues present in the intrauterine environment. Our data provide new evidence of the human baby's fine olfactory discrimination capacity, and add to the growing body of evidence indicating that naturally occurring odors play an important role in the mediation of infants' early behavior. © 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.
The Use of Personal Photographs in Writing in a Project-Based Language Learning: A Case Study

Writing is an important skill needs to be acquired by EFL students in senior secondary schools. However, for most of them, it is considered difficult. This was a case study which aimed at finding out the students‘perception on their problems in writing and utilization of personal photographs. In this project-based language learning (PBL), the students worked in a group to accomplish their writing project. The subjects were 6 students who were determined purposively taking into account on their problems in writing. The results proved that all students conveyed that writing activity became easier since they were helped by their memory shown in their personal photos. The experiences they had guided them to brainstorm the ideas of what to write, thus organizing writing of the paragraphs became much easier. They also stated that writing was more fun and interesting since they could express their feeling freely based on their photos. They finally affirmed that their writing improved through the use of their personal photographs. This could be proven from the result of score achieved which was categorized as good.
Implementation strategies and the technology acceptance model: Is "ease of use" really useful or easy to use in implementation?

The large investment in information technology in the education sector has made the investigation of technology acceptance important for this sector. In this paper, a questionnaire was given to 282 one-year full-time postgraduate students in education to assess their computer acceptance and intended professional usage in the future. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used as the framework for analysis. Results of the study suggest an overall consistency of TAM factors examined for explaining usage; however, several areas were identified where individual teacher acceptance differed in their computer acceptance decision-making when compared with previous studies. Specifically, the pre-service teachers in this study made computer acceptance decisions largely based on the usefulness of the computer while ease of use was limited to being only a secondary consideration. However, significant gender differences exist in our findings as well, with male respondents most likely to indicate an insignificant effect on the ease of use factors in influencing usage intention, and with female prospective teachers indicating a influence of ease of use similar to what has been found in prior TAM studies. Implications of gender and context on the significant differences in the determinant, ease of use, are discussed.
Educational challenges ahead of nursing from the perspective of faculty members of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: Development of nursing profession is faced with new challenges. Role of education is important for advancement of nursing. Faculty members are experienced in education, and they are authentic sources for determining of the educational challenges in nursing. The aim of this study was to determine the educational challenges in nursing from the viewpoint of faculty members of nursing and midwifery in University of Mashhad.Methods: This study is a cross- sectional study conducted on 31 cases from faculty members of nursing in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences by using census method in 2010-2011. A combination of data collection methods was used for collection of data in two phases: preparation of assessment tool (questionnaire) and survey of the desired construct among the samples. After determining the validity and reliability, a questionnaire was given to the samples to answer. Data were analyzed in SPSS software version 11.5 using statistical tests.Results: The most important threats in nursing include “Separation of fields such as anesthesia and operating room from nursing” (%93.6), “Increasing gap between clinical practice and education of nursing due to the increase in education of students and instructors” (%90.3), “Being Theoretical courses in master’s and PhD program” (%77.5), “Decreasing the students’ motivation” (%77.5) and “Establishing new schools of nursing” (%64.5). The most important opportunities in nursing include: “Need to informatics education in education of nursing” (%93.5), “localizing resources based on new issue and problems” (%84), and “Paying attention to evidence- based education in nursing education” (%83.9) and “adjusting the educational content according to ideals and standards of nursing” (%80.6). Conclusion: Based on the results, Returning of anesthesia and operating room branches to nursing after bachelors’, “Revising of educational content based on needs and localizing resources”, “Using new methods in nursing instruction”, “continuing the training based on clinical experiences” and “Using applied research in clinical environment” are suggested.Keywords: Education, Challenges, Nurse, Faculty members
Environmental Education for Healthcare Professionals with Reference to Biomedical Waste Management -A Case Study of a Hospital in Lucknow, India

Healthcare is one of the fastest growing sectors in India undergoing rapid transition. While it is a basic requirement of human being, it also acts as a source of life threatening diseases and toxins. The wastes generated from healthcare establishments pose serious threat to the environment and the people associated with it such as healthcare professionals, workers, patients as well as the general community. Environment education of healthcare professionals can help in developing right kind of attitude and behaviour towards healthcare services particularly the management of the Bio Medical Waste (BMW). The present study focuses on BMW management system in a hospital with special reference to environment education. The study was conducted through questionnaire, surveys, and interviews with the hospital administration, doctors, nurses, technicians and other personnel involved in the management of generated wastes. Observation techniques were also used to verify the authenticity of the information given by the respondents. The study results revealed that 58.3% respondents were aware of the legislation applicable to BMW management and had attended training programme on it. Majority of respondents (91.6%) including doctors, paramedical, and auxiliary staff believed that the proper management of BMW was a team work and that safe management efforts by hospital would increase the financial burden while 16.6% of them felt that it was an extra burden on their work. The knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding BMW was found to be insufficient among all the three categories. Overall, the doctors had better KAP than paramedical and auxiliary staff. Paramedical staff had poor knowledge about the subject. The attitude of paramedical staff was very high among all three categories as 39.2%. Some 31.8% doctors were doing good practices than paramedical and auxiliary staff. It may be concluded that there is an urgent need to train and educate the doctors and the staff to adopt effective waste management practices as well as concerted efforts are needed to evolve a continuing education programme for all healthcare personnel to make them aware about safe and effective management of BMW.
Cyto-Histopathological Correlation of Breast Lump as a Part of Internal Quality Control

Background: Breast malignancy is the most widely recognized tumor in females around the world. With the advent of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), the approach to diagnosis and management of breast lesions has been revolutionized. Its accuracy in many situations can approach that of histopathology in providing an unequivocal diagnosis. Hence a review was undertaken with the following objectives. To correlate cytological and histopathological diagnosis of breast lesions as a part of internal quality control. To know the incidence of false positive and false negative cases. To find out the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC of breast lesions. Methods: This study was conducted for a period of 2 year and 102 aspirations of breast lumps studied. Out of which 82 cases were followed- up by histopathological correlation. Results: Cytological diagnosis in general was divided into four categories, benign (76.29%), malignant (18.29%), suspicious (2.44%), and unsatisfactory (00). Age of the patient was range from 16 - 62 years with mean age of 32 years. There were 76 female patients and 06 male patients. Fibroadenoma (54.87%) was most common benign neoplasm. The two cases which were categorized as “Epithelial Hyperplasia, Suspicious” by cytology turned out to be malignant lesions on histopathology. Sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in breast lesions were reported to be 88.24 % and 100% respectively, with 100% positive predictive value and 97.01% negative predictive value. Conclusion: Considering the high specificity and sensitivity of aspiration cytology in the cases of breast lesion, it can be established as an internal quality control at tertiary centre to minimize economical stress demanded for EQAS (External Quality Assessment Scheme).
From crisis to opportunities: justifying and persuading national policy for international student recruitment

ABSTRACT Globalisation has transformed the field of higher education by increasing flows of mobile students. This has had significant repercussions not only for countries that take advantage of the expansion of exports of English-medium programmes but also for countries that have not risen to prominent positions in the global education market, such as non-English-speaking Nordic countries. In over thirty years, Finland, which is the focus of this article, has considerably expanded its provision of English-medium programmes in universities. However, the challenges of international student recruitment have persisted despite ambitious strategies. The aim of this study is to analyse the justifications and persuasion strategies used in national policy texts for recruitment initiatives. The data consist of key internationalisation strategies from the Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC) from 2001 to 2017. Findings suggest that the main persuasion devices in the strategies manifest a significant shift from neoliberally toned crisis talk to opportunity rhetoric. This study will broaden the horizons of analysis by going beyond the rationales for recruiting international students in a country that is in the process of finding and consolidating its position in the widening markets of higher education.
Treatment with Vitamin K2 Combined with Bisphosphonates Synergistically Inhibits Calcification in Cultured Smooth Muscle Cells

Aim: Vascular calcification is a common feature in patients with advanced atherosclerosis, postmenopausal women and patients with renal failure, which results in reduced elasticity of arteries. Pamidronate, a bisphosphonate, is used as a therapeutic agent for anti-osteoporosity, although there are adverse side effects, such as renal damage and aortic inflamed plaque rupture. In the present study, we demonstrated the effects of vitamin K2 alone or in combination with pamidronate in an arterial calcification model induced using inorganic phosphate in cultured bovine aortic smooth muscle cells (BASMCs). Methods: Calcification was induced by the addition of Pi (3 mM) in BASMCs. Calcium deposition was determined by Calcium C-test Wako and von Kossa staining. mRNA expression was assessed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Results: Calcium deposition assay and von Kossa staining showed that calcification could be inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by treatment with vitamin K2 alone, and that its inhibitory effect was enhanced when combined with pamidronate. It was found that the expression of tropoelastin mRNA was synergistically enhanced by combined treatment with vitamin K2 and pamidronate, and the expression matrix Gla protein mRNA and osteopontin mRNA expression were also enhanced and suppressed, respectively, by treatment with vitamin K2 or pamidronate. Moreover, our data showed that the suppression of TE expression by siRNA significantly increased Pi-induced vascular calcification.Conclusion: Taken together, our study suggests that vitamin K2 in combination with pamidronate synergistically inhibits arterial calcification via the increased expression of tropoelastin, which would be a useful marker for developing effective therapeutic or prophylactic agents for arterial calcification.
La intervenció paleontològica a la nova fase del dipòsit controlat de Can Mata, Els Hostalets de Pierola, Anoia: campanyes 2002-2003, 2004 i 2005

Els Hostalets de Pierola és un municipi de la comarca de l’Anoia que, juntament amb els municipis propers com Piera i Masquefa, constitueix una de les zones més riques en restes de vertebrats fòssils de Catalunya. Des de principis del segle XX i fins a l’actualitat, els nombrosos jaciments d’aquesta zona han estat excavats i mostrejats, tot i que de forma intermitent, per diversos paleontòlegs com Bataller, Crusafont, Villalta, i d’altres. A partir de la dècada de 1970, però, les localitats dels Hostalets deixaren de ser prospectades intensivament, i paral·lelament, a prop de la masia de Can Mata de la Garriga, es generà un abocador il·legal d’escombraries, que finalment es condicionà i legalitzà el 1985, i donà lloc a l’actual abocador o Dipòsit Controlat de Can Mata. Amb el canvi de segle, començà a veure’s la necessitat d’ampliar l’abocador, i es