Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Saving for Dowry: Evidence from Rural India

The ancient custom of dowry, that is, bride-to-groom marriage payments, remains ubiquitous in many contemporary societies. This paper examines whether dowry impacted household decision making and resource allocation in rural India during 1986-2007. Utilizing variation in firstborn gender and dowry amounts across marriage markets, the paper finds that the prospect of higher dowry payments at the time of a daughter's marriage leads parents to save more in advance. The higher savings are primarily financed through increased paternal labor supply. This implies that people are farsighted; they work and save more today with payoff in the distant future.
Form2Fit: Learning Shape Priors for Generalizable Assembly from Disassembly

Is it possible to learn policies for robotic assembly that can generalize to new objects? We explore this idea in the context of the kit assembly task. Since classic methods rely heavily on object pose estimation, they often struggle to generalize to new objects without 3D CAD models or task-specific training data. In this work, we propose to formulate the kit assembly task as a shape matching problem, where the goal is to learn a shape descriptor that establishes geometric correspondences between object surfaces and their target placement locations from visual input. This formulation enables the model to acquire a broader understanding of how shapes and surfaces fit together for assembly – allowing it to generalize to new objects and kits. To obtain training data for our model, we present a self-supervised data-collection pipeline that obtains ground truth object-to-placement correspondences by disassembling complete kits. Our resulting real-world system, Form2Fit, learns effective pick and place strategies for assembling objects into a variety of kits – achieving 90% average success rates under different initial conditions (e.g. varying object and kit poses), 94% success under new configurations of multiple kits, and over 86% success with completely new objects and kits. Code, videos, and supplemental material are available at https://form2fit.github. io1
Decoupling Adaptation from Modeling with Meta-Optimizers for Meta Learning

Meta-learning methods, most notably Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning or MAML, have achieved great success in adapting to new tasks quickly, after having been trained on similar tasks. The mechanism behind their success, however, is poorly understood. We begin this work with an experimental analysis of MAML, finding that deep models are crucial for its success, even given sets of simple tasks where a linear model would suffice on any individual task. Furthermore, on image-recognition tasks, we find that the early layers of MAML-trained models learn task-invariant features, while later layers are used for adaptation, providing further evidence that these models require greater capacity than is strictly necessary for their individual tasks. Following our findings, we propose a method which enables better use of model capacity at inference time by separating the adaptation aspect of meta-learning into parameters that are only used for adaptation but are not part of the forward model. We find that our approach enables more effective meta-learning in smaller models, which are suitably sized for the individual tasks.
Two Phase Authentication and VPN Based Secured Communication for IoT Home Networks

With the advancement of technology, devices, which are considered non-traditional in terms of internet capabilities, are now being embedded in microprocessors to communicate and these devices are known as IoT devices. This technology has enabled household devices to have the ability to communicate with the internet and a network comprising of such device can create a home IoT network. Such IoT devices are resource constrained and lack high-level security protocols. Thus, security becomes a major issue for such network systems. One way to secure the networks is through reliable authentication protocols and data transfer mechanism. As the household devices are controllable by the users remotely, they are accessed over the internet. Therefore, there should also be a method to make the communication over the internet between IoT devices and the users more secured. This paper proposes a two-phase authentication protocol for authentication purposes and a VPN based secure channel creation for the communication of the devices in the network. Furthermore, the paper discusses the Elliptic Curve Cryptography as a viable alternative to RSA for a more efficient Key exchange mechanism for low-powered IoT devices in the network.
Response to Referee # 1 ’ s comments on “ New particle growth and shrinkage observed in subtropical environments ” by L .-H . Young et al

The authors present analysis of approximately 7 months of atmospheric measurements of sub-micron aerosol number size distributions in Taiwan. The work concentrates on 14 new particle formation events, where particles are formed from gaseous precursors. There is also an attempt to scale the observed J10 values down to J1. Growth rates are analyzed in two different methods (modal fitting and inverse modeling approach). Five out of those 14 days, the authors also observe shrinkage of the nucleation mode particles, which seems to point toward reversible condensation. The role of semi-volatile species is speculated.
The Elementary Principal/Superintendent Relationship as Perceived by Teachers and Its Effects on the School: A Case Study Comparison

Despite more than a decade of research on bottom-up school change, the principal/ superintendent relationship continues to be studied primarily as a traditional flow of power from the top down. There is little research that considers the proposition that power vested in principals can be exercised upwardly within the school district hierarchy in the form of independence from and influence on the superintendent. Given the lack of research on these phenomena, it is not surprising that we could find no studies that explore the effects of hierarchical
Short-Term Effects of Cognitive Training in Adult Cochlear Implant Users By

Background: There is growing evidence in support of the cognitive remediation following cochlear implantation in children. To the best of our knowledge, the role of generalized cognitive training (CT) in adult cochlear implant users has not been explored. Objectives: To determine the effects of computerized CT with standard therapy on adult cochlear implant users‟ speech comprehension in noise, cognitive functions and auditory ability. Methods: A prospective, unblinded, single-center, randomized controlled trial with cross-over study design and two treatment arms. Participants (N = 12) from the Maritime Provinces in Canada received CT (via CogniFit) either right after the first assessment or ten weeks later in the immediate (n = 7) and delayed (n = 5) treatment groups respectively. Speech comprehension in noise, assessed by AzBio sentence test, was the primary outcome measure. The secondary outcomes were neuropsychological assessments CANTABeclipse for Clinical Trials, and selfreported auditory ability Speech Spatial Qualities questionnaire (SSQ). Data from 2 participants were excluded due to lack of follow-up, data from the remaining participants were analyzed by mixed models in SPSS (version 20) and R (version 3.0.2.). Results: Based upon analyses combined across two groups, CT with standard therapy (n = 10) marginally enhanced sentence comprehension in noise, AzBio score, β = 2.58, 95% CI [-2.84, 8.02], p > . 05. Furthermore, CT demonstrated statistically significant, but modest improvement in SSQ total scores, β = 0.60, 95% CI [0.14, 1.05] and certain CANTABeclipse test scores. Namely, (i) SOC number of problems solved in minimum moves, β = 1.12, 95% CI [0.29, 1.94], for Spatial Planning (ii) SWM total errors for problems with 4 to 8 boxes, β = -11.32, 95% CI [19.82, -2.81] and strategy, β = -3.08, 95% CI [-4.36, -1.81], for Spatial Working Memory, (iii) RVP A′, β = 0.015, 95% CI [0.005, 0.026], for Sustained Attention and (iv) VRM free recall, β = 1.25, 95% CI [0.25, 2.26] and recognition, β = 0.76, 95% CI [0.32, 1.20], for verbal memory. Conclusion: Ten weeks of cognitive training modestly enhanced executive and working memory skills in adult cochlear implant users. This finding suggests adult cochlear implant users‟ brains are malleable. The treatment effect estimates for speech comprehension in noise did not reach a statistically significant level. A longitudinal multicentered trial with a large sample size is needed to make evidence-based recommendation for the routine clinical care of cochlear implant users. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrial.gov unique identifier NCT01732887
Características evolutivas do Cysticercus cellulosae no encéfalo e no coração humanos

The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of cysticercosis, to classify the developmental phases of cysticerci found in human brains and hearts, and differentiate these according to the macro and microscopic aspects of the general pathological processes, and to compare the process found in the brains and hearts. Protocols from autopsies performed at the Hospital of the School of Medicine of the Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil, in the period from 1970 to 2000 were reviewed. The prevalence of cysticercosis was verified in 71 cases, of which 53 (74.6%) were encephalic cysticercosis and 18 (25.3%) cardiac cysticercosis. Nineteen cysticerci were analyzed, from 9 brains and 10 hearts. The cysticerci were classified according to their developmental stage: vesicular, colloidal vesicular, granular nodular and calcified nodular, with similarities between the macroscopic and microscopic diagnoses. Among the pathological processes found beta-fibrilosis and endocardial fibroelastosis are underscored. In addition, it was demonstrated that this classification may be applied both to encephalic and cardiac cysticercosis.
Single cell genomics of uncultured Marine Alveolates (MALVs) shows paraphyly of basal dinoflagellates Running Title: Paraphyly of Marine Alveolates

1 Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 2 Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic 3 Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California 95039, USA 4 Biosciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK 5 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 6 Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
The dynamics of music perception and emotional experience : a connectionist model

In this paper we present a methodological framework for the study of musical emotions, incorporating psychophysiological experiments and modelling techniques for data analysis. Our focus is restricted to the body implications as a possible source of information about the emotional experience, and responsible to certain levels of emotional engagement in music. We present and apply the use of spatiotemporal connectionist models, as a modelling technique. Simulation results using a simple recurrent network, demonstrate that our connectionist approach leads to a better fit of the simulated process, compared with previous models. We demonstrate that a spatiotemporal connectionist model trained on music and emotional rating data is capable of generalizing the level of arousal in response to novel music input. The model is also capable of identifying the main variables responsible for such an emotional rating behaviour.
Prevalence of vacuolating cytotoxin production and distribution of distinct vacA alleles in Helicobacter pylori from China

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A DELAUNAY TESSELLATION BASED VOID FINDER ALGORITHM TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN CIENCIAS, MENCIÓN COMPUTACIÓN MEMORIA PARA OPTAR AL TÍTULO DE INGENIERO CIVIL EN COMPUTACIÓN RODRIGO IGNACIO ALONSO ORTEGA

In the field of cosmology, voids are regions in space whose density is noticeably lower than the average, with usual dimensions in the range of 20–50 Mpc/h (1 Mpc/h ∼ 2.10 × 10 km). They were discovered after the first systematic surveys of distant galaxies in the late 1970’s. Their properties have been identified as critical for the understanding of the large scale structure of the universe. Several efforts have been directed towards the study of cosmic voids for a better comprehension of the early stages and evolution of the large scale universe, through the refinement and validation of the current cosmic models. The task of identifying voids, however, is not trivial and is also subjective, as the definition of a void is somewhat ambiguous. Even today, multiple authors continue research on this field, for example, designing better void finding algorithms for application over both simulated and observed sets of galaxies. With this in mind, we have developed an algorithm based on Delaunay tessellations: the DELFIN (DELaunay Edge Void FINder) algorithm, which is robust, efficient and extensible (both in 2-d and 3-d), ready to be applied over large galaxy surveys. We have achieved these features through adjustment and extension of several aspects of the 2014 algorithm by Hervías et al. Our algorithm shares some essential properties with existing algorithms, but Delaunay tessellations provide a more malleable and better performing environment. We have completed the validation of the original algorithm by evaluating its output over both artificial and real data sets, comparing our results with Foster and Nelson’s algorithm, showing promising results. Both 2-d and 3-d (under certain assumptions) implementations run analytically and empirically in time O(n log n), where n is the number of galaxies. Lastly, we propose some areas for future research from which this algorithm would benefit, as well as some suggestions on how to approach and solve some of the issues associated with the algorithm.
Symptoms and risk for obstructive sleep apnea among sample of Saudi Arabian adults

The aim of this study was to determine the risk and symptoms for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among Saudi Arabian adults. This cross-sectional survey among healthy participants was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City-Riyadh (KAMC-R). The Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) was used to assess the risk of OSA, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used to measure excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) as a manifestation of OSA in participants. The total number of participants was 2095, mean age of the sample was 42.3 (±15.5) years and 848 (40.7%) were females. Using BQ, 31.9% of the participants were classified as high risk for OSA (33.4% among females and 31.1% among males). The risk for OSA increased with age: 19.4% among the young group (≤29 years), 35.2% among the middle-aged (30–59 years), and 41% among the elderly (≥60 years). The risk of symptomatic OSA by combining both BQ and ESS was 7.8% and increased with age (5.5% among the young group, 8.5% among the middle-aged, and 9.7% among the elderly), but there was no difference between gender (8% among females vs. 7.7% among males). This study showed that the risk for OSA is very high, is equal in both genders and it increases with age and obesity.
2 4 O ct 2 01 7 Bulk Rotational Symmetry Breaking in Kondo Insulator SmB

Z. Xiang, B. Lawson, T. Asaba, C. Tinsman, Lu Chen, C. Shang, X. H. Chen, Lu Li Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China and Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China (Dated: October 26, 2017)
Effect of some tropical eggplant fruits (Solanum Spp) supplemented diet on diabetic neuropathy in male Wistar rats in- vivo

Background: Eggplant is a popular crop grown in the subtropics and tropics for its fruits. Although it is a perennial plant, its fruits are grown commercially as an annual crop. The fruit is primarily used as a vegetable for various dishes. The eggplant has various kinds of species, which are highly variable in color, shape, and size. Content and Purpose of this study: This study focused on comparing the effect of dietary tropical eggplants Solanum kumba (PG) Solanum gilo (PW) and Solanum aethiopicum (PGW) species. Type-II-Diabetes was induced experimentally by high fat fed/low dose streptozotocin (STZ) 35 mg/kg body weight on male wistar rats. The diabetic subjects were fed diets supplemented with 20–40% eggplant fruits of different species for 14 days. The effect of the diets on the blood glucose level, pancreatic α-amylase, intestinal α-glucosidase and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) activities, plasma antioxidant status were determined, in addition to the quantification of the fruits polyphenols using High Performance Liquid Chromatography/ diode array detection fingerprinting (HPLC/DAD). Results: The results revealed that there was no significant (P < 0.05) difference in the average feed intake in all the groups. Supplementation with eggplant diet gradually reduced blood glucose level and hypertension in the diabetic rats (treatment groups) when compared to diabetic rats (negative control) without treatment and metformin-treated (positive control group). The treated group with eggplant diet demonstrated elevated levels of antioxidant status such as glutathione peroxidase GPX, glutathione transferase GST, reduced glutathione GSH, Catalase and Ascorbic acid. The supplemented diet reduced the free radicals produced as typified (TBARS). Functional Foods in Health and Disease 2016; 6(10): 661-676 Page 662 of 676 Conclusion: This study showed that the eggplant may attenuate hyperglycemia, hypertension and oxidative stress in the type-2-diabetes condition with Solanum kumba having the highest activity, which is not far fetched due to its synergistic activities of polyphenols as revealed in the HPLC/DAD analysis.
Internet Use and Addiction: A Cross-sectional Study to ascertain Internet Utilization Level for Academic & Non-Academic Purpose among Medical and University Students of Bangladesh

Amac: Internet, egitimde guncel bilgiye erisim icin onemli bir bilesendir. Onemli avantajlari olmasina ragmen, Internet’in kotuye kullanimi Internet bagimliligi (IB) ile sonuclanmaktadir. Bu calisma, Banglades’teki tip ve universite ogrencileri arasindaki IB seviyesini ve bu kisilerin internetteki davranis kalibini belirlemeyi amaclamaktadir. Gerec ve Yontem: Bu kesitsel calisma, 2017’den 2018’e kadar olan egitim donemi sirasinda Banglades’te bulunan bir ozel tip fakultesi ile Chittagong’ta bulunan bir ozel universiteden 379 ogrenci ile yapilmistir. Girdi-cikti analizi icin Young Internet Bagimliligi Testi (IBT) kullanilmistir. Veriler SPSS versiyon 21 kullanilarak analiz edilmistir. Cronbach alfa katsayisi, bagimsiz t testi ve tek yonlu varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanilmis, P<0.05 anlamli olarak kabul edilmistir. Bulgular: “IBT” skoru ortalamasi±SD 47.97±13.61 olarak bulunmustur. Cronbach alfa katsayisi 0.83’tur. Katilimcilarin cogu (%54.88) “hafif duzeyde kullanici” olarak bulunmustur. Tip ogrencilerinin cogu (%63.39) “hafif duzeyde kullanici” ve universite ogrencilerinin cogu (%61.60) “orta duzeyde kullanici” olarak belirlenmistir. Istatistiksel olarak, tip ve universite ogrencilerinin “IBT” skoru ile “Internet kullanim suresi” arasinda anlamli bir farklilik bulunmustur (p = 0.00). Yas, cinsiyet ve IB arasinda anlamli bir farklilik gozlemlenmistir. Tip ogrencilerinin cogu (%86.61) interneti sosyal medya icin, universite ogrencilerinin cogu (%71.2) interneti egitim amacli kullandigini belirtmistir. Tum katilimcilar “Akilli telefon” ve “mobil 3G” kullanmaktadir ve e-mail adresi ile sosyal medya hesabina sahiptir. Sonuc: Internet bagimliliginin erken tespit edilmesi, buyumekte olan IB sorununun ustesinden gelmek icin gereken adimlarin atilmasina yardimci olabilir.
CDPN: Coordinates-Based Disentangled Pose Network for Real-Time RGB-Based 6-DoF Object Pose Estimation

6-DoF object pose estimation from a single RGB image is a fundamental and long-standing problem in computer vision. Current leading approaches solve it by training deep networks to either regress both rotation and translation from image directly or to construct 2D-3D correspondences and further solve them via PnP indirectly. We argue that rotation and translation should be treated differently for their significant difference. In this work, we propose a novel 6-DoF pose estimation approach: Coordinates-based Disentangled Pose Network (CDPN), which disentangles the pose to predict rotation and translation separately to achieve highly accurate and robust pose estimation. Our method is flexible, efficient, highly accurate and can deal with texture-less and occluded objects. Extensive experiments on LINEMOD and Occlusion datasets are conducted and demonstrate the superiority of our approach. Concretely, our approach significantly exceeds the state-of-the- art RGB-based methods on commonly used metrics.
Determining Psychometric Properties of New Active Procrastination Scale and Passive Procrastination Scale (Running Head: “psychometric properties of NAPS and PPS) ======================================================================

The study was planned to determine the psychometric properties of New Active Procrastination Scale and Passive Procrastination Scale. The phenomenon of procrastination has not been extensively explored in Pakistani setting. Most of the available scales in local setting focused on negative aspect of procrastination so as there was a need to have a sound measure to assess level and type of procrastination. Overall 80 adolescents selected through convenient sampling approach participated in study. Findings revealed high internal consistency of NAPS and PPS and also substantiated the theoretically predicted relationship of NAPS and PPS with other variables. Study not only highlighted the significance of the construct and measures but also discussed the potential limitations and future recommendations of the study.
Neoadjuvant bevacizumab and chemotherapy in breast cancer

Bevacizumab (Avastin, Roche-Genentech) is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting all isoforms of the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), an important regulator of angiogenesis. It stimulates endothelial cell proliferation/migration as well as induces vascular leakage or vasodilatation, which are essential in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions (1). It has been found that VEGF-A expression is upregulated in various human tumors. Over the past decade, bevacizumab has been incorporated into chemotherapy for the treatment of cancer patients with advanced diseases including colorectal cancer, non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma and glioblastoma.