Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring the emotional experience of users through a hybrid semantic approach

The emotions elicited during the use of an interactive system are an important aspect of user experience. Methods for assessing emotions are based on the user's self-reporting or the appraisals of experts. However, users cannot always verbally express, define, or choose something that represents their emotions. In addition, experts are also liable to carry out partial or inaccurate assessments of the user's emotional experience. However, a more balanced and comprehensive assessment of emotional experience might mitigate the problems encountered by individual assessments. This paper adopts a hybrid approach that considers: (a) different aspects of the emotions, (b) the different standpoints of users and experts and (c) assessments carried out during and after the interaction time. The results from this study suggest that this hybrid approach can provide the designer with an alternative and more comprehensive way to evaluate the user's emotional experience, by analyzing the individual evaluations of the users and experts in a collective way.
Cardiovascular Strain of Firefighting and the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Events

Approximately 45% to 50% of line-of-duty deaths in the fire service are caused by sudden cardiac deaths, which most often occur during or shortly after firefighting duties. We present a theoretical model linking the cardiac, vascular, and hematological responses of firefighting to the triggering of sudden cardiac death in susceptible individuals.
Effect of the Power Balance® Band on Static Balance, Hamstring Flexibility, and Arm Strength in Adults

Abstract Verdan, PJR, Marzilli, TS, Barna, GI, Roquemore, AN, Fenter, BA, Blujus, B, and Gosselin, KP. Effect of the Power Balance® band on static balance, hamstring flexibility, and arm strength in adults. J Strength Cond Res 26(8): 2113–2118, 2012—The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Power Balance® bands on strength, flexibility, and balance. Strength and flexibility were measured using the MicroFit system. Strength was measured via a bicep curl and flexibility via the sit-and-reach method. Balance was measured by the BIODEX System SD. There were 4 different conditions for the balance test: eyes open on a firm surface (EOFS), eyes closed on a firm surface (ECFS), eyes open on a foam surface (EOFoS), and eyes closed on a foam surface (ECFoS). There were 24 subjects in the study (10 men and 14 women). A counterbalance, double-blind, placebo, controlled within-subject design was used. Each of the subjects participated in 3 treatment sessions, consisting of Power Balance®, placebo band, and no band. An alpha level of p ⩽ 0.05 was set a priori. There were no significant differences in strength, flexibility, or balance with regard to the treatments used. There was a significant difference between the conditions in the balance test (p = 0.000): EOFS (0.51), ECFS (0.68), EOFoS (0.99), and ECFoS (2.18); however, these were independent of the treatment conditions. The results indicate that the Power Balance® bands did not have an effect on strength, flexibility, or balance.
Examining E-Commerce Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty: An Integrated Quality-Risk-Value Perspective

Because of the inherently virtual nature of online environments, maintaining customer loyalty on business-to-customer (B2C) e-commerce websites is a challenging task. Although there have been many e-commerce studies that investigate customer loyalty in various B2C contexts, none of them have examined loyalty by simultaneously adopting quality-, risk-, and value-driven perspectives. This study integrates the quality-satisfaction-loyalty paradigm and the extrinsic cue-quality-risk-value chain to develop a theoretical model of customer loyalty that is based on an integrated quality-risk-value perspective. Data collected from 542 experienced online shoppers are used to validate the theoretical research model. Additionally, the mediation effects of perceived e-service quality, perceived risk, perceived value, and satisfaction on the relationship between electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) and loyalty in B2C websites are validated using rigorous statistical methods. As hypothesized, the findings indicate that both positive and negative eWOM significantly influence perceived e-service quality and perceived risk and, in turn, significantly affect perceived value, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty via the mediation of perceived e-service quality and risk. This study substantially enriches our understanding of the success of B2C websites by highlighting how the sequential causal relationships among key extrinsic cues, quality, risk, and value can strongly influence customer satisfaction and loyalty on these websites. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
A game-theoretical decision-making scheme for electricity retailers in the smart grid with demand-side management

In the smart grid, demand-side management (DSM) is an important mechanism for improving the reliability of the grid by dynamically changing or shifting electricity consumption. Real-time pricing is one of the most important DSM strategies. Moreover, in an electricity market, retailers procure electricity from various electricity sources, and then sell it to customers. Therefore, it is critical for retailers to make effective procurement and price decisions. In this paper, we propose a novel game-theoretical decision-making scheme for electricity retailers in the smart grid using real-time pricing DSM. We model and analyze the interactions between the retailer and electricity customers as a four-stage Stackelberg game. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme and how the system parameters affect the procurement and price decisions.
Dental bacterial plaques. Nature and role in periodontal disease.

Antony van Leeuwenhoek first described oral bacteria. However, not until almost 200 years later was the famous Koch postulate introduced. Since then, research has extensively been performed regarding the development and microbiology of dental plaques. In spite of the complexity of the developing flora of supragingival plaque, culture studies have shown a remarkably orderly succession of organisms. Lately, the concept of microbial specificity in the etiology of periodontal diseases has been widely suggested, i.e., that different forms of periodontal disease are associated with qualitatively distinct dental plaques. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of the predominant cultivable microflora reveal that only a small number of the over 300 species found in human subgingival plaques are associated with periodontal disease. Among the commonly mentioned are: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides gingivalis, Bacteroides intermedius, Capnocytophaga sp. , Eikenella corrodens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Wolinella recta, as well as certain gram-positive bacteria such as Eubacterium species. Anti-infective therapy for many systemic infections equals the use of antimicrobial drugs. However, for localized infections like periodontal diseases, treatment may consist of a combination of mechanical wound debridement and the application of an antimicrobial agent. The general effectiveness of mechanical anti-infective therapy and successful oral hygiene in the management of periodontal disease is well established in the literature and has met the test of success in clinical practice for most cases of periodontitis in adults. The definition of periodontal pathogens as either opportunistic pathogens, or as exogenous pathogens carries with it significant implications. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Relation of low diastolic blood pressure to coronary heart disease death in presence of myocardial infarction: the Framingham Study.

OBJECTIVE--To examine the hypothesis that a J curve relation between blood pressure and death from coronary heart disease is confined to high risk subjects with myocardial infarction. DESIGN--Cohort longitudinal epidemiological study with biennial examinations since 1950. SETTING--Framingham, Massachusetts, USA. SUBJECTS--5209 subjects in the Framingham study cohort followed up by a person examination approach. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Coronary heart disease deaths and non-cardiovascular disease deaths in men and women with or without myocardial infarction relative to blood pressure. RESULTS--Among subjects without myocardial infarction non-cardiovascular disease deaths were twice to three times as common as coronary heart disease deaths. Furthermore, there was no significant relation between non-cardiovascular disease death and diastolic or systolic blood pressure. Also coronary heart disease deaths were linearly related to diastolic and systolic blood pressures. Among high risk patients (that is, people with myocardial infarction but free of congestive heart failure) death from coronary heart disease was more common than non-cardiovascular disease death. There was a significant U shaped relation between coronary heart disease death and diastolic blood pressure. Although there was an apparent U shaped relation between coronary heart disease death and systolic blood pressure, it did not attain statistical significance when controlling for age and change in systolic blood pressure from the pre-myocardial infarction level. None of the above conclusions changed when adjustments were made for risk factors such as serum cholesterol concentration, antihypertensive treatment, and left ventricular function. The U shaped relation between diastolic blood pressure and high risk subjects existed for both those given antihypertensive treatment and those not. CONCLUSIONS--These data suggest that an age and sex independent U curve relation exists for diastolic blood pressure and coronary heart disease deaths in patients with myocardial infarction but not for low risk subjects without myocardial infarction. The relation seems to be independent of left ventricular function and antihypertensive treatment.
SYNCHROTRON ORIGIN OF THE TYPICAL GRB BAND FUNCTION—A CASE STUDY OF GRB 130606B

We perform a time-resolved spectral analysis of GRB 130606B within the framework of a fast-cooling synchrotron radiation model with magnetic field strength in the emission region decaying with time, as proposed by Uhm & Zhang. The data from all time intervals can be successfully fit by the model. The same data can be equally well fit by the empirical Band function with typical parameter values. Our results, which involve only minimal physical assumptions, offer one natural solution to the origin of the observed GRB spectra and imply that, at least some, if not all, Band-like GRB spectra with typical Band parameter values can indeed be explained by synchrotron radiation.
Kinetic Mechanism of Myosin IXB and the Contributions of Two Class IX-specific Regions*

Myosin IXb (Myo9b) was reported to be a single-headed, processive myosin. In its head domain it contains an N-terminal extension and a large loop 2 insertion that are specific for class IX myosins. We characterized the kinetic properties of purified, recombinant rat Myo9b, and we compared them with those of Myo9b mutants that had either the N-terminal extension or the loop 2 insertion deleted. Unlike other processive myosins, Myo9b exhibited a low affinity for ADP, and ADP release was not rate-limiting in the ATPase cycle. Myo9b is the first myosin for which ATP hydrolysis or an isomerization step after ATP binding is rate-limiting. Myo9b-ATP appeared to be in a conformation with a weak affinity for actin as determined by pyrene-actin fluorescence. However, in actin cosedimentation experiments, a subpopulation of Myo9b-ATP bound F-actin with a remarkably high affinity. Deletion of the N-terminal extension reduced actin affinity and increased the rate of nucleotide binding. Deletion of the loop 2 insertion reduced the actin affinity and altered the communication between actin and nucleotide-binding sites.
Specialised hunting of Iberian ibex during Neanderthal occupation at El Esquilleu Cave, northern Spain

Traditional views of Neanderthal hunting strategies envisage them preying on herd species such as bison and deer, rather than the sophisticated tracking of solitary animals. Analysis of faunal remains from El Esquilleu Cave in northern Spain, however, demonstrates that during certain periods of the Middle Palaeolithic occupation, Neanderthals focused on the hunting of ibex and chamois, small solitary species that inhabited the mountainous terrain around the site. These results indicate that Neanderthal hunting practices may have had more similarity to those of their Upper Palaeolithic relatives than is usually assumed.
Evolving Techniques in Foot and Ankle Amputation

&NA; Multiple clinical pathways lead to lower extremity amputation, including trauma, dysvascular disease, congenital defects, and malignancy. However, the principles of successful amputation—careful preoperative planning, coordination of a multidisciplinary team, and good surgical technique—remain the same. Organized rehabilitation and properly selected prostheses are integral components of amputee care. In the civilian setting, amputation is usually performed as a planned therapy for an unsalvageable extremity, not as an emergency procedure. The partial loss of a lower limb often represents a major change in a person's life, but patients should be encouraged to approach amputation as the beginning of a new phase of life and not as the culmination of previous treatment failures.
Wound Management after Colon Injury: Open or Closed? A Prospective Randomized Trial

It is unknown whether leaving the skin wound open to heal by secondary intention is associated with a lower rate of wound infections compared with primary skin-wound closure after operations for colon injuries. From June 1998 to December 2000 at our Level I academic trauma center 48 patients entered into a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and were randomized to have their skin wound primarily closed (CLOSED-RCT) or left open (OPEN-RCT). At the same time patients not included in the RCT were followed prospectively. At the discretion of the surgeon their skin wounds were managed by primary closure (CLOSED-nonRCT) or were left open (OPEN-nonRCT). Univariate and multivariate analysis was done to identify independent risk factors of wound infection, wound dehiscence, and necrotizing soft tissue infection. Wound infection developed in 65 per cent of CLOSED-RCT and 36 per cent of OPEN-RCT patients (P = 0.04) and wound dehiscence in 31 per cent and 14 per cent respectively (P = 0.18). No remarkable differences were noted in any other variable including length of hospital stay. Wound infection developed in 29 per cent of CLOSED-nonRCT and 15 per cent of OPEN-nonRCT patients (P = 0.46). There were three independent risk factors of wound infection: primary wound closure [odds ratio (OR) = 5.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.8–19.4], colectomy (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.2–10.4), and intraabdominal infection (OR = 5.3, 95% CI = 1.3–24.2). There were two independent risk factors for wound dehiscence and/or necrotizing soft tissue infection: wound infection (OR = 20.9,95% CI = 4.9–152.3) and intra-abdominal infection (OR = 19.3, 95% CI = 4.0–146.9). Primary closure of the wound almost doubles the rate of wound infection compared with leaving the wound open in operations for colon injuries. Primary wound closure is a risk factor for wound infection and wound infection is a risk factor for wound dehiscence or necrotizing soft tissue infection. Because of the complexity of evaluating the real clinical significance of superficial wound infection larger studies on trauma patients are required.
Apparently increased trough levels of tacrolimus caused by acute infantile diarrhea in two infants with biliary atresia after liver transplantation

Two infants with biliary atresia who exhibited three‐fold increased trough levels of tacrolimus and required reduced doses during episodes of acute infantile diarrhea within 5 months of liver transplantation are described. The cause of the increase was not explained simply by hemoconcentration as a result of significant loss of extracellular fluid during these episodes. It does highlight an important issue: that of the continuing need to carefully monitor the trough levels of tacrolimus in such infants.
Meta-analysis Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Death : A Cell-Free Hemoglobin-Based Blood Substitutes and Supplementary material

Supplementary material http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/299.19. jrv80007/DC1 Incomplete Financial Disclosure Correction Contact me if this article is corrected. Citations Contact me when this article is cited. This article has been cited 1 time. Topic collections Contact me when new articles are published in these topic areas. Cardiovascular System; Cardiovascular Disease/ Myocardial Infarction Medicine; Patient Safety/ Medical Error; Statistics and Research Methods; Review; Facial Plastic Surgery; Biomaterials and Implants; Quality of Care; Evidence-Based
Measuring and characterizing properties of peer-to-peer systems

Peer-to-peer systems are becoming increasingly popular, with millions of simultaneous users and a wide range of applications. Understanding existing systems and devising new peer-to-peer techniques relies on access to representative models, derived from empirical observations, of user behavior and peer-to-peer system behavior on a real network. However, it is challenging to accurately capture behavior in peer-to-peer systems because they are distributed, large, and rapidly changing. While some prior work does study the properties of peer-to-peer systems, they do not quantify the accuracy of their measurement techniques, sometimes leading to significant error. This dissertation empirically explores and characterizes a wide variety of properties of peer-to-peer systems. The properties examined fall into four groups, along two axes: properties of peers versus properties of how peers are connected, and static properties versus dynamic properties. To study these properties, this dissertation develops and assesses two measurement techniques: (i) a crawler for capturing global state and (ii) a Metropolized random walk approach for collecting samples. Using these techniques to conduct empirical studies of widely-deployed peer-to-peer systems, this dissertation presents empirical results to suggest useful models for key properties of peer-to-peer systems. In the end, this dissertation significantly deepens our understanding of peer-to-peer systems and lays the groundwork for the accurate measurement of other properties of peer-to-peer systems in the future. This dissertation includes my previously published and my co-authored materials.
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: association with KS and persistence in patients receiving anti-herpesvirus drugs.

Herpesvirus-like DNA sequences (KSHV/HHV-8) have recently been described in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) lesions. Many questions remain regarding the role of this virus in KS and the therapeutic implications of this finding. In the current study, KSHV/HHV-8 DNA was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with KS (34/98) more often than in HIV-infected individuals without KS (12/64, P = .03). The detection of KSHV/HHV-8 DNA did not correlate with the CD4 lymphocyte count. Five patients demonstrated KSHV/HHV-8 DNA in their PBMCs during administration of intravenous foscarnet and/or ganciclovir. The continued detection of KSHV/HHV-8 DNA in the PBMCs of patients receiving these anti-herpesvirus drugs has potential implications regarding the virus-cell relationship of KSHV/HHV-8, as well as for the value of these drugs in treating or preventing KS, but additional studies are needed.
Warfarin dosing and cytochrome P450 2C9 polymorphisms

Summary Two cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) polymorphisms, CYP2C9*2 and *3, metabolize warfarin inefficiently. We assessed the extent to which these polymorphisms explain very low warfarin dose requirements and hemorrhagic complications after excluding non-genetic determinants of warfarin dosing. In this retrospective observational study, 73 patients with stable warfarin doses for ≥1 month and International Normalized Ratios (INR) of 2.0–3.0 were enrolled from our Anticoagulation Clinic. Seventeen patients required ≤2 mg (low-dose), 41 required 4–6 mg (moderate-dose), and 15 required ≥10 mg (high-dose) of daily warfarin. CYP2C9 genotyping was assessed by PCR amplification and restriction enzyme digestion analysis of DNA isolated from circulating leukocytes. The CYP2C9 polymorphisms independently predicted low warfarin requirements after adjusting for Body Mass Index, age, acetaminophen use, and race (OR 24.80; 95% CI 3.83–160.78). At least one polymorphism was present in every patient requiring ≤1.5 mg of daily warfarin, and 88%, 37%, and 7% of the low-, moderate-, and high-dose groups, respectively. All homozygotes and compound-heterozygotes for the variant alleles were in the low-dose group. Rates of excessive (INR>6.0) anticoagulation (and bleeding) were 4.5 (6.0), 7.9 (7.9), and 14.7 (0) per 100 patient-years in the wild-types, heterozygotes, and compound heterozygotes/homozygotes, respectively. In conclusion, CYP2C9*2 or *3 compound heterozygotes and homozygotes have low warfarin requirements even after excluding liver disease, excessive alcohol or acetaminophen consumption, low body weight, advancing age, and drug interactions. These polymorphisms increase the rate of excessive anticoagulation, but this risk does not appear to be associated with higher bleeding rates when anticoagulation status is closely monitored.
[Initial results and long-term outcome of percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with previous coronary artery bypass grafting].

OBJECTIVES The incidence of percutaneous coronary intervention following bypass surgery(coronary artery bypass grafting: CABG) is not low, but the outcomes of patients requiring percutaneous coronary intervention after CABG are not well known. METHODS From June 1970 to June 2000, 2,981 patients underwent CABG at our institute using 6,747 grafts including 2,875 saphenous vein graft(SVG), 3,042 internal thoracic artery(ITA), 706 gastro-epiploic artery(GEA), 122 radial artery(RA), and 2 others. Three hundred twenty-seven patients underwent subsequent percutaneous coronary intervention in 520 lesions(104 SVG, 97 ITA, 12 GEA, 8 RA, 299 native artery). The initial results and long-term outcome following percutaneous coronary intervention in these 520 consecutive procedures were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS Percutaneous coronary intervention to arterial grafts were performed mainly within the early post-operative period, whereas percutaneous coronary intervention to vein grafts had two periodic peaks in the early post-operative period and at 7 years after CABG. Procedural success rate of percutaneous coronary intervention was 90% for SVG, 81% for ITA, 58% for GEA, 88% for RA, and 87% for native arteries. Restenosis rate was 56% for SVG, 30% for ITA, 83% for GEA, 83% for RA, and 49% for native arteries. Cardiac events after percutaneous coronary intervention with previous CABG were greater in cases of ITA, followed by native arteries, SVG, GEA and RA(p = 0.0046). In the early post-operative period, there was no significant difference between ITA and SVG. In the chronic stage, the prognosis of cardiac events after PCI for SVG was worse than for ITA. CONCLUSIONS Percutaneous coronary intervention after CABG requires strategic consideration based on target-specific initial results and long-term outcome.