Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geochemistry of the Late Mesoproterozoic Mount Eve granite suite: Implications for Late to post-Ottawan tectonics in the New Jersey–Hudson Highlands

The Mount Eve granite suite is a postorogenic, A-type granitoid suite that consists of several small plutonic bodies occurring in the northwestern New Jersey–Hudson Highlands. Mount Eve granite suite rocks are equigranular, mediumto coarsegrained, quartz monzonite to granite, consisting of quartz, microperthite, and oligoclase, with minor hornblende, biotite, and accessory zircon, apatite, titanite, magnetite, and ilmenomagnetite. Whole-rock analyses indicate that Mount Eve granite is metaluminous to slightly peraluminous (ASI or aluminum saturation index, A/CNK or Al2O3/(CaO + Na2O + K2O) = 0.62 to 1.12) and has A-type compositional affinity defined by high K2O/Na2O (1.4 to 2.8), Ba/Sr (3 to 12), FeOt/(FeOt+MgO) (0.77 to 0.87), Ba (400 to 3000 ppm), Zr (200 to 1000 ppm), Y (30 to 130 ppm), Ta (2.5 to 6 ppm), total rare earth elements or REE (300 to 1000 ppm), low MgO (<1 wt%), Cr and Ni (both <5 ppm); and relatively low Sr (200 to 700 ppm). Variably negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.13 to 0.72, where Eu/Eu* is the chondrite-normalized ratio of measured Eu divided by the hypothetical Eu concentration required to produce REE pattern with no Eu anomaly) and systematic decreases in Sr, Ba, Zr, Hf, Nb, and Ta, with constant total REE content and increasing Ce/Yb and SiO2 contents, suggest crystallization of feldspars + zircon + titanite ± apatite. Possible modes of origin include dry melting of charnockitic gneisses or Fe-rich mafic to intermediate diorites within the Mesoproterozoic basement. Two possible tectonic mechanisms for generation of Mount Eve granite include (1) residual thermal input from a major lithospheric delamination event during or immediately after peak Ottawan orogenesis (1090–1030 Ma) or (2) broad orogenic relaxation between peak Ottawan and a late (1020–1000 Ma) high-grade, right-lateral transpressional event.
Electrophysiological features of myoclonus‐dystonia

Inherited myoclonus‐dystonia (M‐D) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by myoclonus and dystonia that often improves with alcohol. To examine the electrophysiologic characteristics of M‐D, we studied 6 patients from 4 different families and 9 age‐matched healthy subjects. Neurophysiological studies performed include electromyography (EMG)‐electroencephalography (EEG) polygraphy, jerk‐locked back‐averaged EEG, somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP), long‐latency reflex (LLR) to median and digital nerve stimulation, and transcranial magnetic stimulation studies with short‐interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), intracortical facilitation (ICF), and long‐interval intracortical inhibition (LICI). All 6 patients showed myoclonus and dystonia on clinical examination and EMG testing. The EMG burst durations ranged from 30.4 to 750.6 milliseconds (mean, 101.5 milliseconds). Jerk‐locked back‐averaged EEG failed to reveal any preceding cortical correlates. Median nerve SEP revealed no giant potential. No patients had exaggerated LLR to median or digital nerve stimulation. There was no significant difference in SICI, ICF, and LICI between M‐D patients and normal subjects. Myoclonus in inherited M‐D is likely of subcortical origin. Normal intracortical inhibition and facilitation suggest that the GABAergic circuits in the motor cortex are largely intact and that the mechanisms of myoclonus and dystonia are different from those for cortical myoclonus and other dystonic disorders. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Morphological and Ultrastructural Findings of Prognostic Impact in Craniopharyngiomas

Craniopharyngioma is a slow-growing epithelial tumor with an unpredictable tendency to recur. To verify the reliability in predicting the clinical outcome, some morphological and immunohistochemical findings were analyzed in 37 primitive tumors and in 6 recurrences (one recurred twice). All the tumors were surgically excised and all recurrences exhibited an adamantinomatous pattern; mitotic rate was low (< 5 × 10 HPF) in both recurrent and in nonrecurrent tumors. Primary tumors showed a mean positivity of 1.7% (range 0.3–2%) to PCNA vs. 4.1% (range 0.3–8%) in recurrences. The MIB-1 Labelling Index was: 22.12% in primary tumors, 27.5% in recurrences, 31.3% in adult nonrecurrent tumors, and 4.1% in the pediatric tumor. CD34 labeling vessels/field was 9.3 in primary tumors and 9.91 in the recurrences; VEGF expression was higher in recurrences than in primary tumors (40 vs. 25%). Ultrastructural analysis showed fenestrated endothelium with hydropic changes in VEGF-positive vessels. Lack of clear correlations between morphological or immuno-staining patterns and behavior suggests that these features have no prognostic value in adult as well as in pediatric craniopharyngiomas. In this study, the only results that may be related to the aggressiveness of tumor is the major vascularization in the recurrent tumors in which the vessels show also ultrastructural changes.
OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF CADMIUM TIN OXIDE FILMS PREPARED BY VACUUM EVAPORATION TECHNIQUE

Preparation of highly conducting and transparent cadmium tin oxide () 4 2SnO Cd thin films by vacuum evaporation technique on glass substrate with thickness of (300, 600)nm is reported. The effect of thickness on structural, optical, and electrical properties of the films was investigated by using different techniques such as X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, optical transmittance, and Hall measurement. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed that the films are polycrystalline in nature with cubic structure and there are strong peaks at the direction (311), the intensity of the peaks increases with increasing thickness. The grain size varies between 19.1 and 21.4nm. The surface morphological was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM), which revealed the crystalline nature of the films. The optical parameters of the prepared films as transmittance, optical energy gap, refractive index, extinction coefficient, and the dielectric constants were found to be affected by varying the thickness. The resulting films show % 70 ≥
Marrow Transplant Recipient pseudintermedius Infection in a Bone Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus

Published Ahead of Print 13 March 2013. 10.1128/JCM.03310-12. 2013, 51(5):1636. DOI: J. Clin. Microbiol. Edoardo Carretto Paolo Fazii, Domenico D'Antonio, Jacek Miedzobrodzki and Ennio Polilli, Roberta Marrollo, Giovanni Di Bonaventura, Giovanni Gherardi, Anna Bialecka, Andrzej Kasprowicz, Vincenzo Savini, Daniela Barbarini, Klaudia Polakowska, Marrow Transplant Recipient pseudintermedius Infection in a Bone Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus
Seizures in Alzheimer Disease: Clinical and Epidemiological Data

Alzheimer disease (AD) and epilepsy are disorders commonly seen in the elderly. Many studies have shown that patients with AD are at increased risk for developing seizures and epilepsy. Whereas, patients with specific types of epilepsy, such as temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), experience some degree of cognitive dysfunction, questions have been raised as to whether these disorders share some underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms or whether one is an epiphenomenon of the other. In this report, we review some of the available clinical and epidemiologic literature on various aspects of the topic of seizures in AD, including seizure rates and types, risk factors for seizures, electroencephalographic findings, treatment options, limitations, and methodological issues. Overall, multiple aspects of the literature on seizures and epilepsy in AD, including diagnosis, risk factors, the role of EEG in diagnosis, and the response to treatment are not clear and suffer from many methodological limitations and gaps.
Effects of acupuncture on post-cesarean section pain.

BACKGROUND Post-operation pain is a very subjective phenomenon. The aim of this study was to find out the effects of acupuncture or electro-acupuncture on post-cesarean pain. METHODS Sixty women, who had had spinal anesthesia during cesarean section at the Department of Obstetrics of China Medical University Hospital, were randomly assigned to the control group, the acupuncture group, and the electro-acupuncture group. After the operation, we applied subjects with acupuncture or electro-acupuncture on the bilateral acupuncture point, San Yin Jiao (Sp6), and the patient controlled analgesia (PCA). The first time of requesting morphine, the frequency of PCA demands in 24 hours, and the doses of PCA used were recorded double blindly. In addition, monitoring the subjects' vital signs, the opioid-related side effects, and the pain scores was done. RESULTS The results showed that the acupuncture group and the electro-acupuncture group could delay the time of requesting morphine up to 10 - 11 minutes when compared with the control group. The total dose of PCA used within the first 24 hours was 30% - 35% less in the acupuncture group and the electro-acupuncture group when compared with the control group, which was indicated in statistical significance. However, there was no significant difference between the acupuncture group and the electro-acupuncture group. The electro-acupuncture group's and the acupuncture group's pain scores were lower than the control group's within the first 2 hours. Both were statistically significant. However, two hours later, there were no significant differences of the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores between either of the treatment groups and the control group. Finally, the incidence of opioid-related side effects, such as dizziness, was less in the acupuncture group and electro-acupuncture group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the application of acupuncture and electro-acupuncture could definitely delay the time of requesting pain relief medication after cesarean section and decrease the PCA doses used within the first 24 hours.
Investment and Financing Constraints: Evidence from the Funding of Corporate Pension Plans

I exploit sharply nonlinear funding rules for defined benefit pension plans in order to identify the dependence of corporate investment on internal financial resources in a large sample. Capital expenditures decline with mandatory contributions to DB pension plans, even when controlling for correlations between the pension funding status itself and the firm's unobserved investment opportunities. The effect is particularly evident among firms that face financing constraints based on observable variables such as credit ratings. Investment also displays strong negative correlations with the part of mandatory contributions resulting solely from unexpected asset market movements.
What impact does anatomy education have on clinical practice?

There is continuing debate regarding doctors' knowledge of anatomy as an appropriate preparation for professional practice. This exploratory case study examined alumni's experiences of learning anatomy. The aim was to inform curriculum development and to gain a better understanding of how anatomy knowledge is applied in practice. A total of 140 medical student alumni from the University of Southampton participated in this study (49% males, 51% females). Participants completed a Likert scale questionnaire with free comment sections. Descriptive results found that: using cadaveric material was an effective way of learning anatomy; assessment was a major motivator; and around half of students forgot a lot of anatomy but that knowledge came back easily. Statistical analysis revealed associations between certain positive and negative factors in learning. Links were also seen with current job role, revealing that those who responded to positive factors were involved in careers which involved a great deal of anatomy and vice versa. To facilitate learning, anatomy should be taught throughout the curriculum and use human cadavers. Relating knowledge to practice requires transformation of knowledge and is best facilitated by the learning being situated in clinical contexts. Clin. Anat. 24:113–119, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Taking a Closer Look--Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Non-Critically Ill Hospitalized Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Under Basal-Bolus Insulin Therapy.

BACKGROUND Inpatient glucose management is based on four daily capillary blood glucose (BG) measurements. The aim was to test the capability of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for assessing the clinical impact and safety of basal-bolus insulin therapy in non-critically ill hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-four patients with T2DM (age, 68±10 years; glycosylated hemoglobin, 72±28 mmol/mol; body mass index, 31±7 kg/m(2)) were treated with basal-bolus insulin. CGM was performed with the iPro(®)2 system (Medtronic MiniMed, Northridge, CA) and calibrated retrospectively. RESULTS A remarkable consistency between CGM and BG measurements and therapy improvement was shown over the study period of 501 patient-days. The number of CGM and BG measurements (CGM/BG) in the range from 3.9-10 mmol/L increased from 67.7%/67.2% (on Day 1) to 77.5%/78.6% (on the last day) (P<0.04). The number of low glycemic episodes (3.3 to <3.9 mmol/L) during nighttime detected by CGM was 15-fold higher, and the number of episodes >13.9 mmol/L detected by CGM during night was 12.5-fold higher than the values from the BG measurements. Ninety-nine percent of data points were in the clinically accurate or acceptable Clarke Error Grid Zones A+B, and the relative numbers of correctly identified episodes of <3.9 and >13.9 mmol/L detected by CGM (sensitivity) were 47.3% and 81.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our data exhibit a good agreement between overall CGM and BG measurements, but there were a high number of missed hypo- and hyperglycemic episodes with BG measurements, particularly during nighttime. Overall assessment of glycemic control using CGM is feasible, whereas the use of CGM for individualized therapy decisions needs further improvement.
A Bayesian Time Series Model of Multiple Structural Changes in Level, Trend, and Variance

We consider a deterministically trending dynamic time series model in which multiple structural changes in level, trend, and error variance are modeled explicitly and the number, but not the timing, of the changes is known. Estimation of the model is made possible by the use of the Gibbs sampler. The determination of the number of structural breaks and the form of structural change is considered as a problem of model selection, and we compare the use of marginal likelihoods, posterior odds ratios, and Schwarz's Bayesian model-selection criterion to select the most appropriate model from the data. We evaluate the efficacy of the Bayesian approach using a small Monte Carlo experiment. As empirical examples, we investigate structural changes in the U.S. ex post real interest rate and in a long time series of U.S. real gross domestic product.
Quetiapine XR monotherapy in major depressive disorder: a pooled analysis to assess the influence of baseline severity on efficacy

The efficacy of quetiapine XR was investigated in patients with major depressive disorder and differing levels of baseline severity. Pooled data from four placebo-controlled monotherapy studies of quetiapine XR (50–300 mg/day) were analyzed. Post-hoc analyses were carried out to assess change from baseline in the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score at endpoint (week 6 or 8) to week 1, and response (≥50% reduction in MADRS total score) and remission (MADRS total score⩽10) rates at endpoint for all patients and six baseline severity cohorts (MADRS total score ≥24, ≥26, ≥28, ≥30, ≥32, and ≥34). In total, 1752 patients (all patients) were evaluated (MADRS score at baseline: ≥24, n=1601; ≥26, n=1467; ≥28, n=1269; ≥30, n=1038; ≥32, n=745; and ≥34, n=500). At endpoint, quetiapine XR reduced MADRS total score in all patients (P<0.001) and each severity cohort (≥24, ≥26, ≥28, ≥30, and ≥32, P<0.001; ≥34, P<0.01) versus placebo. Quetiapine XR also improved MADRS total score at week 1, response rates for each severity cohort, and remission rates in five out of six severity cohorts, versus placebo. Quetiapine XR monotherapy showed antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder across different levels of baseline severity.
Emerging trends in the epidemiology of melanoma

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is one of the most rapidly growing cancers worldwide, with a consistent increase in incidence among white populations over the past four decades. Despite the early detection of primarily thin melanomas and the improved survival rates observed in several countries, the rate of thick melanomas has remained constant or continues to increase, especially in the older age group. Current considerations in the epidemiology of melanoma focus on the observed survival benefit of females vs. males, the contributing role of indoor tanning in melanoma risk and the diverse effect of sun exposure in the development of different types of melanoma with respect to their clinical and mutational profile. Certain well‐known risk factors, such as skin, hair and eye pigmentation and melanocytic naevi have been validated in large‐scale association studies, while additional lifestyle factors and iatrogenic exposures, such as immunosuppressive agents and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs are being investigated. In addition, genome‐wide association studies have revealed genetic loci that underlie the genetic susceptibility of melanoma, some of which are related to known risk factors. Recently, an interesting association of melanoma with Parkinson disease has been noted, with a higher than expected frequency of melanoma in patients with Parkinson disease and vice versa. This review article provides an update in the epidemiology of cutaneous melanoma and discusses recent developments in the field.
Cardiovascular risk factors of migrants in Port Moresby from the highlands and island villages, Papua New Guinea

This study examined cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, i.e., obesity, blood pressures, and serum lipoproteins and apoproteins, in relation to sociocultural characteristics in two rural–urban migrant populations (n = 173 adult males and females) in Port Moresby, the capital of Papua New Guinea. Tari migrants from the highlands and Balopa migrants from the islands differ genetically. More importantly, the lifestyle of the latter is more Westernized than that of the former in both Port Moresby and their homelands. The results demonstrate that CVD risk factors vary markedly among the origin/sex groups and that the length of stay in Port Moresby on CVD risk factors was significant only in Balopa males, most of whom had professional or skilled full‐time jobs and were considered to have more stress. This study identified different CVD risk factors in the migrant groups: obesity or fatness for the Balopa migrants, and serum lipoproteins and apoproteins, particularly lipoprotein(a), for the Tari migrants. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 12:655–664, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predictive Validity of the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version for Intramural Behaviour in Violent Offenders—A Prospective Study at a Secure Psychiatric Hospital in Germany

Objective: To consider the extent to which the presence of psychopathy, as indicated by the psychopathy checklist: screening version (PCL:SV), can predict intramural behaviour in offenders with mental disorders serving compulsory treatment at a German forensic psychiatric hospital. Method: The PCL:SV was used with 48 offenders detained at a forensic psychiatric hospital in Germany. In a prospective design, objective and subjective measures of behaviour were compared for those identified as high and low scorers on the PCL:SV. Data were obtained from hospital records of disciplinary incidents (objective) and from interviews with case managers and therapists (subjective), according to predefined criteria and in standardized forms. Results: The hospital records of the high scorers indicated they had been involved in significantly more disciplinary incidents than low scorers. Their behaviour was also rated significantly more negative by therapists than the low scorers. Conclusion: Numeorus studies found the psychopathy checklist (PCL) score to be a reliable predictor of recidivism in offenders after release. The present study has demonstrated that the PCL score has also predictive validity for intramural behaviour problems in individuals serving compulsory treatment at a forensic psychiatric hospital. As a result, we recommend the routine use of the PCL with offenders starting a period of compulsory detention to identify those at increased risk for problem behaviour.
Determinants of social and environmental disclosures by Spanish Companies

The purpose of this paper is to examine the corporate social disclosures practices of Spanish firms. Annual reports of 41 Spanish firms for the year 2007 were analysed to determine the level of corporate social disclosures (CSD), industry differences in CSD and the effect of financial performance on the quality of disclosures. Results show that Spanish firms disclose most information on governance followed by products and services. Differences in disclosures made by various industry groups were observed suggesting that each industry group has certain preferences in disclosing information to their stakeholders. No significant relationship between financial performance and corporate social disclosures for Spanish companies was observed. This research suggests that CSR disclosures by Spanish firms are influenced by government regulations. The customers are other group of influential stakeholders. This research is limited by the fact that corporate social disclosures practices of Spanish firms were studied for a single year.
Prevalence of Intraoperative Tissue Bacterial Contamination in Posterior Pediatric Spinal Deformity Surgery

Study Design. Retrospective case control study. Objective. To determine prevalence and risk factors for intraoperative bacterial contamination in posterior spinal deformity surgery. Summary of Background Data. The prevalence of deep surgical site infection in pediatric spinal deformity surgery varies from 1% to 14%. Little evidence exists about the incidence and role of intraoperative bacterial contamination. Methods. A total of 114 cases of pediatric posterior instrumented deformity surgery were retrospectively identified. All patients received preoperative and every 4-hour intraoperative antibiotics and 3M Ioban 2 Antimicrobial Incise Drape. Preoperative photographs of patients' backs were used to correlate presence of back acne with contaminant bacteria. Laboratory cultures were obtained from paraspinal muscle debrided before closure. Results. Of the 114 cultures obtained, 26 (23%) were positive in 21% of idiopathic, 37% of neuromuscular (P = 0.02), and 14% of congenital patients. Contaminant bacteria included Propionibacterium acnes (69%), Staphylococcus (23%), Coryneform (4%), and Clostridium (4%). P. acnes was seen only in children 11 years or older (P = 0.02) and only with back acne (P < 0.0001). Eight of 19 (42%) patients with pelvic fusion had positive cultures (P = 0.04) and all 8 were neuromuscular patients. Eighty-one percent of culture-positive patients were older than 11 years (P = 0.01). Three of 114 (2.7%) patients developed an early deep surgical site infection, all with positive cultures (P = 0.01). Conclusion. Neuromuscular patients fused to the pelvis, children older than 11 years, and surgery duration greater than 6 hours were associated with positive cultures. Back acne is a preventable risk factor for P. acnes seeding. Intraoperative bacterial contamination indicates a need to consider the type of surgery and patient age to determine prophylactic antibiotics and other modalities to prevent infection. Level of Evidence: N/A