Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RF beamforming for secrecy millimeter wave MISO-OFDM systems

Due to the tiny wavelength of millimeter waves (mmWave), tens of antennas can be packed into a small area in mmWave transceivers. However, implementing a radio-frequency (RF) chain for each antenna is impractical due to the high cost and power of mixed-signal devices. To reduce the cost and get benefit from the antennas, an analog RF beamformer is implemented using variable gain amplifiers and analog phase shifters. In this paper, we design the RF precoder for physical layer security. We consider two degrees of channel knowledge at the transmitter. For full channel knowledge at the transmitter, the RF precoder is optimized to maximize the secrecy rate. Two solution algorithms, with different computational complexity, are proposed based on semidefinite relaxation and gradient ascent. For partial channel knowledge at the transmitter, the RF precoder is designed to maximize the secrecy rate under secrecy outage constraint. The problem is safely approximated, and solved by a gradient ascent algorithm within bisection search. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithms converge quickly, and outperform the conventional secrecy schemes.
Fish Price Determination Around Lake Victoria, Tanzania: Analysis of Factors Affecting Fish Landing Price

Determination of fish landing price is important, as the same contributes to the structure, conduct and performance of the fish market in Lake Victoria. Determination of relevant landing price is a gap to console between fishermen, agents (middlemen), processors and the government. The main objective of this study was therefore to examine fish price determination. Specifically, to examine the methods for fish price determination and analyse factors that affect fish landing price in Lake Victoria, a cross-sectional design was employed, and 300 respondents were randomly selected from two district councils, namely, Sengerema and Buchosa. Both qualitative and quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis. Findings show that landing price is determined through formal negotiation with processors, consultation with other traders, informal negotiation with buyers and Beach Management Unit (BMU). The study concluded that these are the common methods used to determine landing prices. Also, distance from fishing to onshore landing centres, market information channels, age and experiences of the fishermen are the factors significantly found affecting landing price. It is recommended that the mechanism for setting up fishery price, fish market structure, fishery information and the formation of fishery regulatory body needs fishery policy and sector reforms that mark the determination of fish landing price.
Role of NF‐κB in epithelial biology

Summary: Since its discovery, nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) has been recognized as a critical regulator of immune responses. While early studies focused on studying the role of NF‐κB in the development and function of immune cells, more recently the function of the inhibitor of NF‐κB kinase (IKK)/NF‐κB pathway in non‐immune cells has gained increased attention. Studies in genetic mouse models were instrumental in dissecting the cell‐specific functions of NF‐κB and provided experimental evidence that NF‐κB signaling in epithelial cells is important for the maintenance of immune homeostasis in barrier tissues such as the skin and the intestine. Increased activation of IKK/NF‐κB triggered cytokine expression by the epithelial cells, resulting in exacerbated tissue inflammatory responses. NF‐κB inhibition in keratinocytes triggered severe tumor necrosis factor‐dependent skin inflammation and epidermal hyperplasia, while inhibition of IKK/NF‐κB signaling in intestinal epithelial cells disturbed the intestinal barrier and triggered severe chronic colon inflammation. Therefore, epithelial NF‐κB signaling performs critical ‘peace keeping’ functions in barrier tissues at the interface with the environment by regulating cell survival, barrier integrity, and the immunological and anti‐microbial responses of epithelial cells. Improved understanding of epithelial NF‐κB functions may hold the key for elucidating the etiology and pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory diseases in epithelial tissues.
Soluble proteins produced by probiotic bacteria regulate intestinal epithelial cell survival and growth.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Increased inflammatory cytokine levels and intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis leading to disruption of epithelial integrity are major pathologic factors in inflammatory bowel diseases. The probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and factors recovered from LGG broth culture supernatant (LGG-s) prevent cytokine-induced apoptosis in human and mouse intestinal epithelial cells by regulating signaling pathways. Here, we purify and characterize 2 secreted LGG proteins that regulate intestinal epithelial cell antiapoptotic and proliferation responses. METHODS LGG proteins were purified from LGG-s, analyzed, and used to generate polyclonal antibodies for immunodepletion of respective proteins from LGG-conditioned cell culture media (CM). Mouse colon epithelial cells and cultured colon explants were treated with purified proteins in the absence or presence of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Akt activation, proliferation, tissue injury, apoptosis, and caspase-3 activation were determined. RESULTS We purified 2 novel proteins, p75 (75 kilodaltons) and p40 (40 kilodaltons), from LGG-s. Each of these purified protein preparations activated Akt, inhibited cytokine-induced epithelial cell apoptosis, and promoted cell growth in human and mouse colon epithelial cells and cultured mouse colon explants. TNF-induced colon epithelial damage was significantly reduced by p75 and p40. Immunodepletion of p75 and p40 from LGG-CM reversed LGG-CM activation of Akt and its inhibitory effects on cytokine-induced apoptosis and loss of intestinal epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS p75 and p40 are the first probiotic bacterial proteins demonstrated to promote intestinal epithelial homeostasis through specific signaling pathways. These findings suggest that probiotic bacterial components may be useful for preventing cytokine-mediated gastrointestinal diseases.
Project STYLE: a multisite RCT for HIV prevention among youths in mental health treatment.

OBJECTIVE The study examined the efficacy of family-based and adolescent-only HIV prevention programs in decreasing HIV risk and improving parental monitoring and sexual communication among youths in mental health treatment. METHODS A randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 721 adolescents (ages 13-18 years) and their caregivers from mental health settings in three U.S. cities were randomly assigned to one of three theory-based, structured group interventions: family-based HIV prevention, adolescent-only HIV prevention, and adolescent-only health promotion. Interventions were delivered during an all-day workshop. Assessments were completed at baseline and three months postintervention. RESULTS Compared with those in the health intervention, adolescents in the HIV prevention interventions reported fewer unsafe sex acts (adjusted rate ratio=.49, p=.01), greater condom use (adjusted relative change=59%, p=.01), and greater likelihood of avoiding sex (adjusted odds ratio=1.44, p=.05). They also showed improved HIV knowledge (p<.01) and self-efficacy (p<.05). The family-based intervention, compared with the other interventions, produced significant improvements in parent-teen sexual communication (p<.01), parental monitoring (p<.01), and parental permissiveness (p=.05). CONCLUSIONS This RCT found that the HIV prevention interventions reduced sexual risk behavior over three months in a large, diverse sample of youths in mental health treatment and that the family-based intervention improved parental monitoring and communication with teens about sex. These interventions show promise.
New Evidence on the Decoupling of Income and Energy Consumption

This study explores the relationship between income and energy consumption across a sample of 17 OECD countries between 1960-2008. The main question being tackled is: “do rising incomes (crudely interpretable as income growth) still lead to rising energy consumption? ” i.e. has income `decoupled’ from energy consumption? The results reveal clear asymmetries in the income elasticity of demand for energy, which offer a complementary perspective and understanding on the relationship between income changes and changes in energy consumption. Rising income, in some cases, no longer leads to increases in energy consumption, yet falling incomes still result in reductions in energy consumption. On the surface this would appear to be an appealing conclusion, suggesting that policy efforts in recent decades to try and decouple energy consumption from economic growth may have indeed contributed to a fundamental shift in consumer behaviours.
Unity in Diversity? How Intergroup Contact Can Foster Nation Building

We use a population resettlement program in Indonesia to identify long-run effects of intergroup contact on national integration. In the 1980s, the government relocated two million ethnically diverse migrants into hundreds of new communities. We find greater integration in fractionalized communities with many small groups, as measured by national language use at home, intermarriage, and children’s name choices. However, in polarized communities with a few large groups, ethnic attachment increases and integration declines. Residential segregation dampens these effects. Social capital, public goods, and ethnic conflict follow similar patterns. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of localized contact in shaping identity. (JEL D63, J12, J15, J18, O15, R23, Z13)
Latanoprost or Brimonidine as Treatment for Elevated Intraocular Pressure: Multicenter Trial in the United States

Purpose:To compare the efficacy and tolerability of latanoprost or brimonidine in patients with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Materials and Methods:This prospective, randomized, masked-evaluator, parallel-group, multicenter study in the United States included patients with primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Patients received latanoprost 0.005% once daily (8:00 AM; n = 152) or brimonidine tartrate 0.2% twice daily (8:00 AM and 8:00 PM; n = 151). Patients underwent evaluation at screening, baseline (randomization), and after 0.5, 3, and 6 months of treatment. IOP was measured at 8:00 AM, 10:00 AM, noon, and 4:00 PM at baseline and the months 3 and 6 visits, and at 8:00 AM only at week 2. The main outcome measure was the difference in diurnal IOP change from baseline to month 6 between treatment groups. Adverse events were recorded at each visit. Results:Baseline mean diurnal IOP levels were similar between groups. At month 6, the adjusted mean (± SEM) diurnal IOP reduction was 5.7 ± 0.3 mm Hg in the latanoprost group and 3.1 ± 0.3 mm Hg in patients receiving brimonidine (P < 0.001). The mean difference in diurnal IOP reduction was 2.5 ± 0.3 mm Hg (95% CI: 1.9, 3.2; P < 0.001). Five times more patients receiving brimonidine than latanoprost were withdrawn from the study due to adverse events. Conclusion:Latanoprost instilled once daily is more effective and better tolerated than brimonidine administered twice daily for the treatment of patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. During therapy, the range of daily fluctuation of IOP is less for latanoprost compared with brimonidine.
Building employees’ organizational citizenship behavior for the environment

PurposeMechanisms behind employees’ pro-environmental behaviors have increasingly been attracting scholarly attention. The purpose of this study is to examine how environmentally specific servant leadership contributes to employees’ organizational citizenship behavior for the environment (employee OCBE). Design/methodology/approachIn this research, employees from resort hotels in Central Vietnam were selected as participants. The data analysis was conducted through structural equation modeling and bootstrapping test.FindingsEnvironmentally specific servant leadership exhibited the positive association with employee OCBE through employee environmental engagement as a mediator. Two moderation mechanisms – organizational support for green behaviors and person-group fit – were also found to serve as enhancers for the effect of environmentally specific servant leadership on employee OCBE.Practical implicationsThe research results provide hospitality organizations with a premise for the focus of servant leadership and organizational support around pro-environmental values. It is also vital for practitioners to build the fit between employees and the organization’s pro-environmental values so as to further promote their positive reaction to environmentally specific servant leadership and engagement in pro-environmental behaviors.Originality/valueThe present study marks the confluence between environmentally specific servant leadership and employee OCBE research streams and provides a moderated mediation mechanism to shed light on such a relationship.
The Salary Taboo: Privacy Norms and the Diffusion of Information

The limited diffusion of salary information has implications for labor markets, such as wage discrimination policies and collective bargaining. Access to salary information is believed to be limited and unequal, but there is little direct evidence on the sources of these information frictions. Social scientists have long conjectured that privacy norms around salary (i.e., the “salary taboo”) play an important role. We provide unique evidence of this phenomenon based on a field experiment with 755 employees at a multibillion-dollar corporation. We provide revealed-preference evidence that many employees are unwilling to reveal their salaries to coworkers and reluctant to ask coworkers about their salaries. These frictions are still present, but smaller in magnitude, when sharing information that is less sensitive (seniority information). We discuss implications for pay transparency policies and the gender wage gap.
The Role of Storytelling in the Innovation Process

In this article we explore a key challenge in the innovation process around how an innovation might be articulated and communicated in organizations. Articulating innovative ideas, refining them, drawing others into the vision and gaining their support is a key part of this process. It is essentially a process of “storytelling”— constructing and sharing stories that reflect on personal experiences and involvement in the innovation process. This paper is based on managers’ own perceptions about storytelling throughout the innovation process. Twenty‐nine semi‐structured interviews were conducted with innovation managers and other senior managers from UK construction/infrastructure project‐based firms. The findings demonstrate that storytelling is essential for presenting innovative ideas and getting interest and support from others. It also plays a key role in motivating organizational members to innovate, and in promoting innovation success stories more widely. It is through storytelling that the image of firms as being and becoming “innovative” is constructed.
Flow Shear Stress Stimulates Gab1 Tyrosine Phosphorylation to Mediate Protein Kinase B and Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase Activation in Endothelial Cells*

Fluid shear stress generated by blood flow modulates endothelial cell function via specific intracellular signaling events. We showed previously that flow activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, and endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) via Src kinase-dependent transactivation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). The scaffold protein Gab1 plays an important role in receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated signal transduction. We found here that laminar flow (shear stress = 12 dynes/cm2) rapidly stimulated Gab1 tyrosine phosphorylation in both bovine aortic endothelial cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, which correlated with activation of Akt and eNOS. Gab1 phosphorylation as well as activation of Akt and eNOS by flow was inhibited by the Src kinase inhibitor PP2 (4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine) and VEGFR2 kinase inhibitors SU1498 and VTI, suggesting that flow-mediated Gab1 phosphorylation is Src kinase-dependent and VEGFR2-dependent. Tyrosine phosphorylation of Gab1 by flow was functionally important, because flow stimulated the association of Gab1 with the PI3K subunit p85 in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, transfection of a Gab1 mutant lacking p85 binding sites inhibited flow-induced activation of Akt and eNOS. Finally, knockdown of endogenous Gab1 by small interference RNA abrogated flow activation of Akt and eNOS. These data demonstrate a critical role of Gab1 in flow-stimulated PI3K/Akt/eNOS signal pathway in endothelial cells.
A New Co-similarity Measure : Application to Text Mining and Bioinformatics. (Une Nouvelle Mesure de Co-Similarité : Applications aux Données Textuelles et Génomique)

Clustering is the unsupervised classification of patterns (observations, data items, or feature vectors) into groups (clusters). The clustering problem has been addressed in many contexts and there exist a multitude of different clustering algorithms for different settings. As datasets become larger and more varied, adaptations of existing algorithms are required to maintain the quality of clusters. In this regard, high-dimensional data poses some problems for traditional clustering algorithms known as 'the curse of dimensionality'. This thesis proposes a co-similarity based algorithm that is based on the concept of distributional semantics using higher-order co-occurrences, which are extracted from the given data. As opposed to co-clustering, where both instance and feature sets are hard clustered, co-similarity may be defined as a more 'soft' approach. The output of the algorithm is two similarity matrices - one for the objects and one for their features. Each of these similarity matrices exploits the similarity of the other, thereby implicitly taking advantage of a co-clustering style approach. Hence, with our method, it becomes possible to use any classical clustering method (k-means, Hierarchical clustering .) to co-cluster data. We explore two applications of our co-similarity measure. In the case of text mining, document similarity is calculated based on word similarity, which in turn is calculated on the basis of document similarity. In this way, not only do we capture the similarity between documents coming from their common words but also the similarity coming from words that are not directly shared by the two documents but that can be considered to be similar. The second application is on gene expression datasets and is an example of co-clustering. We use our proposed method to extract gene clusters that show similar expression levels under a given condition from several cancer datasets (colon cancer, lung cancer, etc). The approach can also be extended to incorporate prior knowledge from a training dataset for the task of text categorization. Prior category labels coming from data in the training set can be used to influence similarity measures between features (words) to better classify incoming test datasets among the different categories. Thus, the same framework can be used for both clustering and categorization task depending on the amount of prior information available.
Dietary Protein, Phosphorus and Potassium Are Beneficial to Bone Mineral Density in Adult Men Consuming Adequate Dietary Calcium

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine relationships of calcium (Ca), protein (Pr), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) to measures of bone mineral density in adult men. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 57 men ages 39 to 42 years who were participants in an ongoing study. Dietary assessment was conducted using the Block food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). BMD of total body (TB), hip and lumbar spine (LS) were measured with dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results: Ca, Pr, P and K, as well as lean body mass (LBM), showed significant correlation with BMD at the total body, hip and lumbar spine. Stepwise forward regression selection method identified LBM, height and fat mass as significant predictors of TB-BMD, LBM and height as significant predictors of hip BMD, and LBM as a significant predictor of LS-BMD. As the nutrients tested correlated significantly with each other, only one nutrient was entered into the regression model at a time to accommodate the potential for multicollinearity. In regression analysis, adjusted for site-specific anthropometric variables and energy intake, K, Pr and P intake accounted for significant (p < 0.05) prediction of TB-BMD and LS-BMD values by 7% to 13%. No bone-related nutrient added significantly to the prediction of hip BMD. Ca intake was not significantly associated with BMD at any site in the adjusted models. Conclusions: Our analysis provides support that a moderate protein (1.2 g/kg) diet, plentiful in potassium (>100 mmol/day) and phosphorus (1741 ± 535 mg) is beneficial for maintaining bone mineral density in adult men when Ca intake was adequate (1200 ± 515 mg).
Drumming the Barrels of Hope? Bioeconomy Narratives in the Media

Bioeconomy as one mode of the transition towards a more sustainable mode of production and consumption has been addressed in several policy fields. Bioeconomy has raised hope not only in the quest for a more sustainable future, but also offers new possibilities, especially in countries with vast natural resources. By using the Narrative Policy Framework, I assess the kinds of bioeconomy narratives promoted by the media and the future they suggest, for the case of Finland. Flexible concepts such as bioeconomy can be harnessed to promote different, and even contrasting, objectives. Besides growth-oriented promises, bioeconomy seems to simultaneously raise controversial questions related to techno-social path dependencies and the sustainability of natural resource use. The narratives seem also to lack roles for certain actor groups, such as citizens, which might challenge the legitimacy and, thus, the future of bioeconomy. The role of civil society should also be better addressed by scholars in the field, as it plays an important role in the sustainability of bioeconomy.
A Wedding Toast Is Not a State of the Union Address: Other-Regarding and Others’ Opinions Regarding Preferences As Relevant Factors in Shaping Human Preferences

This paper describes using current literature and research a problem that has plagued social scientists for centuries, see that of „moral sentiments? Human beings are inherently social by nature and hold certain regard for others? opinions (esteem preferences) as well as for others generally (altruism). It is argued in the article that such preferences may in fact be consistent with a core rational human agent. It is furthermore argued that the lack of regard for such preferences in social sciences research (and particularly within the domain of economics) severely weakens models and theories in the respective disciplines. A few potential avenues for including social preferences writ large into social science (read: economic) modeling are outlined.