Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of drug utilization pattern in gynecology department of tertiary care hospital of Rajasthan, India

Background: With increasing awareness the flow of patients visiting gynecology outpatient department has increased. Drugs used in gynecology are one of the most selling drugs in India, however they are least studied with respect to drug utilization. Thus, present study was undertaken to analyse drug utilization pattern of Gynecology OPD in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A retrospective, cross sectional, observational study of prescriptions in Gynecology OPD of Jhalawar medical college, Jhalawar. Data was obtained from medical record database of patients that attended Gynecology OPD from October 2017 to March 2018 over period of six months. Prescription records of patients were screened as per inclusion and exclusion criteria and 300 prescriptions were randomly selected. Patient related, and drug related information was collected on a customized data collection sheet.Results: The mean age of patients was 20.5±8.65 years and common age of presentation was >18-30 years. In infective cases, PID (40.6%) was common, and in non-infective cases, menorrhagia (23.8%) was common. The average number of drugs per prescription was 5.2. In drug category, minerals (46.4%) were most commonly prescribed, followed by antimicrobials (27.6%), and NSAIDs (20.1%). Polypharmacy was observed in 100% of the prescriptions.Conclusions: In the present study all of the drugs prescribed were generic which were from the essential medical list of NLEM and WHO. This study revealed deviation from rational prescribing by the prescribers because average number of drugs per prescription was significantly higher than that recommended by WHO.
Trade Openness , Public Sector Corruption , and Environment : A Panel Data Analysis for Asian Developing Countries

The objective of this present study is to investigate the effect of trade openness and public sector corruption on environment for a panel of 12 developing countries from 1995 to 2012. The study used panel OLS, fixed and random effects models to check the effect of trade openness and public sector corruption on the environment. Government effectiveness used as the measure of public sector corruption. CO2 and methane gas emissions used as the measure of environmental degradation in this paper. Different specification tests, such as F-test and Hausman specification test are used to make selection among ordinary least square, fixed effect and random effect model. Random effect model seems best to handle such situation.
LiDAR as a Tool to Characterize Wildlife Habitat: California Spotted Owl Nesting Habitat as an Example

We show the use of an emerging technology, airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR), to assess forest wildlife habitat by showing how it can improve the characterization of California spotted owl (Strix occidentalisoccidentalis) nesting habitat. Large residual trees are important elements for many wildlife species and often, apparently, facilitate selection of habitat by spotted owls. However, we currently lack the ability to identify such trees over large spatial scales. We acquired multiple-return, high-resolution LiDAR data for a 107.1-km 2 area in the central Sierra Nevada, California. We surveyed for spotted owls within this area during 2007‐2009 and located four nest trees. We then used the LiDAR data to measure the number, density, and pattern of residual trees (! 90-cm dbh) and to estimate canopy cover within 200 m of four nest trees. Nest trees were surrounded by large numbers of residual trees and high canopy cover. We believe that LiDAR would greatly benefit forest managers and scientists in the assessment of wildlife‐habitat relationships and conservation of important wildlife species.
How Triage Nurses Use Discretion: a Literature Review

Discretion is quintessential for professional work. This review aims to understand how nurses use discretion when they perform urgency assessments in emergency departments with formalised triage systems—systems that are intended to reduce nurses’ use of discretion. Because little research has dealt explicitly with this topic, this review addresses the discretionary aspects of triage by reinterpreting qualitative studies of how triage nurses perform urgency assessments. The review shows (a) how inexhaustive guidelines and a hectic work environment are factors that necessitate nurses’ use of discretion and (b) how nurses reason within this discretionary space by relying on their experience and intuition, judging patients according to criteria such as appropriateness and believability, and creating urgency ratings together with their patients. The review also offers a synthesis of the findings’ discretionary aspects and suggests a new interactionist dimension of discretion. Keywords : Triage, discretion, emergency department, meta-ethnography, review, decision-making
A corespondence analysis of sources of information used by festival visitors

Information sources used by festival visitors need to be examined due to the increasing competition within the events sector as a result of growth in the number and size of events being staged. The article provides an analysis of a visitor profile of a major wine festival staged in the Swan Valley wine region of Western Australia (WA). A survey was conducted over the five weekends of the staging of the 2002 festival. Data were analyzed using correspondence analysis techniques to underpin the underlying dimensionalities of the sources of information based on age groups, group composition, and usual place of residence of intrastate, interstate, and international visitors. Results indicate that the most common source of festival information was personal through word-of-mouth across all visitor groups. Other sources of information that also had some significance include newspapers and radio. The results provide information for developing a theoretical framework for events information search behavior, and managerial implications for festival organizers are presented.
MULTIPLICITY RESULTS FOR PERIODIC SOLUTIONS OF SEMILINEAR DISSIPATIVE HYPERBOLIC EQUATIONS WITH COERCIVE NONLINEAR TERM

Multiplicity for doubly-periodic solutions and Dirichlet-periodic solutions are treated. 1. Doubly-periodic problem in one space dimension In this chapter we will discuss the multiplicity result for weak doublyperiodic problem for dissipative hyperbolic equations with coercive growth nonlinearity in one dimensional space. 1.
The Effect of Mate Choice on Offspring Phenotype and Performance in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha)

Captive breeding is essential for salmon aquaculture and stock enhancement programs, but may lead to genetic bottlenecks, inbreeding, and domestication selection. To evaluate the potential for incorporating mate choice into commercial and conservation salmon breeding programs, I measured the effects of mate choice on offspring phenotype. Semi-natural spawning channels were used to compare mate-choice and randomly mated (hatchery) fish for performance and morphological traits. Channel-spawned fish were out-performed by their hatchery counterparts in survival and body size; genetic and environmental effects contributed to these differences. However, channel-spawned fish had significantly more additive genetic variance for performance traits. Gene transcription of hatchery-bred and channel-spawned fish were compared using microarray analysis after a temperature stress. Few genes showed differential expression; however, overall transcriptional variance was lower in the channel-spawned fish. Mate choice should be included in rearing programs to increase the viability and adaptive potential of captive fish.
Entrepreneurs’ intention to invest in current business: An empirical study of Malaysian SME entrepreneurs

Entrepreneurs’ intention to invest in their current businesses may play an important role in determining future sustainability, survival and growth of these businesses. Using a theoretical framework based on entrepreneurs’ goals attainment theory (EGAT), this study evaluated the relationship between entrepreneurs’ personal goal attainment and their intention to invest. The study employed a positivist methodological framework and gathered primary data from 285 Malaysian entrepreneurs through self-administered survey questionnaires. Regression analyses showed that entrepreneurs’ attainment of economic and intrinsic reward goals had significant positive relationships with their intention to invest. Desire for independence was considered as an important motivation for entrepreneurship. However, it was found that attainment of independence goals had no significant influence on entrepreneurs’ intention to invest. Further, it was also found that more educated entrepreneurs had stronger intention to invest in their current businesses. Keywords: entrepreneur, Entrepreneur’s Goal Attainment Theory, intention to invest, motivation, personal goals attainment, SMEs
The role of manufacturing and market managers in strategy development: lessons from three companies

According to researchers and managers, there is a lack of agreement between marketing and manufacturing managers on critical strategic issues. However, most of the literature on the subject is anecdotal and little formal empirical research has been done. Three companies are investigated to study the extent of agreement/disagreement between manufacturing and marketing managers on strategy content and process. A novel method permits the study of agreement between the two different functional managers on the process of developing strategy. The findings consistently show that manufacturing managers operate under a wider range of strategic priorities than marketing managers, and that manufacturing managers participate less than marketing managers in the strategy development process. Further, both marketing and manufacturing managers show higher involvement in the strategy development process in the latter stages of the Hayes and Wheelwright four-stage model of manufacturing’s strategic role.
Relationships between taxonomic resolution macrobenthic community patterns and disturbance

Although analyses of macrobenthic infaunal communities traditionally require identification of the organisms to the species level, there is still only a limited number of studies which have examined the use of higher-level taxa in monitoring surveys. These generally indicate that identification of organisms to the lowest possible taxon may not always be necessary to enable description of spatial patterns in routine environmental and pollution monitoring programs. In other fields of marine ecology, such as studies of biodiversity, comparative investigations over large geographical areas, and the development of rapid-assessment techniques, the use of identification to higher taxonomic levels is often necessary. Detailed comparative studies of faunal patterns at various taxonomic levels are therefore important. This study uses multivariate analyses of macrofauna and environmental data from 20 separate investigations in the Skagerrak and North Sea to examine faunal patterns at different taxonomic levels. Data are analysed at the levels of species, genus, family, order, class and phylum. Transformation of data is also considered since degree of tlansforrnation is as important in determining the outcome of subsequent analyses as the taxonomic level to whlch organisms are Identified. Correlations between the underlying similarity matrices at the species level and higher taxonomic levels show highest values in polluted areas, lower values in less disturbed areas and lowest values in pnstine areas, indicating that the faunal patterns for the various taxonomlc levels become more similar as the degree of disturbance increases. For those areas where time-senes data are available it is shown that, as contamination increases, correlations between the faunal patterns at all taxonomlc levels, but especially the highest levels, and the environmental variables tend to increase, and after several years of contamination all the correlations are high, independent of taxonomic level. Again, the faunal patterns at the different taxonomic levels tend to become more s~milar as a result of increased pollution For all 20 investigations, highest correlations between faunal patterns (i.e. the underlying similarity matrices) and environmental variables were mainly found at the levels of species, genus and family, and often there was a distinct drop in correlation value between family and order In most cases, ~ndependent of the level of pollution, there is only a minor reduction in correlation between species and family, suggesting that identification to the level of family may be satisfactory in many routine monitonng surveys. The debate about the level of taxonomic resolution required for routine environmental monitoring becomes relatively unimportant if the effects of choosing different transformations are not also considered.
COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR VEGETATIVE, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN BRINJAL (SOLANUM MELONGENA L.)

A study was conducted to estimate combining ability effects for seven characters of brinjal. Highly significant differences were observed among the genotypes for all the traits. Result revealed that Pant Rituraj was found the best general combining ability (gca) effect for days to first flowering, number of Primary branches per plant and early yield per plant. Pant Samrat was showed the good gca effect for days to first flowering, number of fruits per plant, early yield per plant and yield per hectare. S. aethiopicum was recorded the best general combiners for the trait number of flowers per inflorescence, plant height and number of fruits per plant. BARI was the best general combiners for yield per hectare and PB-71 was found the best gca effect for early yield. The cross BARI×PB-66, BARI×PR and BARI×PS were found highest specific combining ability effect for most of the characters. Other good specific combiners were PB-71×PR, BARI×PB-71 and S. aethiopicum×BARI.
The effect of environment on discs and bulges

We examine the changes in the properties of galactic bulges and discs with environment for a volume-limited sample of 12500 nearby galaxies from SDSS. We focus on galaxies with classical bulges. Classical bulges seem to have the same formation history as ellipticals of the same mass, and we test if environment determines whether or not a classical bulge possesses a disc. Using the projected fifth nearest neighbour density as a measure of local environment, we look for correlations with environment at fixed bulge stellar mass. In groups with fewer than 20 members, we find no evidence for changes in disc morphology with local density. At fixed bulge mass, disc mass and disc scale length are independent of local density. However, disc colour does increase (�(g r) � 0.05 mag) as a function of local density in relatively poor groups. Therefore, the colour–density relation for classical bulge+disc galaxies in the field and in poor groups is due solely to changes in disc colour with density. In contrast, we find no correlations between disc colour and local density for classical bulge+disc galaxies in large, relaxed groups and clusters. However, there is a weak correlation between disc mass and group crossing time, suggesting morphological transformation takes places in rich groups. Our results add to the evidence that star formation is quenched in group environments, instead of clusters, and that star formation quenching and morphological transformation are separate processes. Overall, we show that environment has two effects on galactic discs: relatively low density environments can quench star formation in discs, while processes occurring in higher density environments contribute to the morphological transformation from disc-dominated systems to bulge-dominated systems.
The effects of perceived and received support on objective performance outcome

Abstract In this study, we examined the main and stress-buffering effects of perceived and received support on objective performance outcome. The sample consisted of 123 British male high-performance golfers with a mean age of 25.3 years (s=5.4). Participants completed measures of perceived support, stressors, stress, and received support before competitions. After the competitions, performance outcome (number of shots) was recorded. When the two types of support were considered separately, there were significant main effects for perceived (ΔR 2=0.08, b=−0.81, P<0.01) and received support (ΔR 2=0.05, b=−0.68, P<0.01) on performance. There were also significant stress-buffering effects for perceived (ΔR 2=0.03, b=−0.48, P=0.02) and received support (ΔR 2=0.06, b=−0.61, P<0.01). When both types of support were considered together, the significant main effect (ΔR 2=0.09, P<0.01) was primarily attributable to perceived support (b=−0.63, P=0.02). The significant stress-buffering effect (ΔR 2=0.06, P=0.01) was primarily attributable to received support (b=−0.56, P=0.04). These results demonstrate the beneficial influence of social support on performance. The findings highlight the need to recognize the distinction between perceived and received support, both in terms of theory and the design of social support interventions with athletes.
procurement quality from an internal customer perspective : Construct development , refinement , and replication using a mixed methods approach

Purpose: Despite significant investment in e-procurement by many organisations, perceived failings in the quality of such technologies and of the support provided to use them – termed here e-procurement quality – continue to generate resistance from internal customers who must assimilate e-procurement into their daily routines. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to advance our understanding of e-procurement quality from an internal customer perspective and to develop, refine, and validate construct measures. Design/methodology/approach Research was undertaken in the UK and Netherlands incorporating a literature review, a qualitative study with 58 interviews, a quantitative study with 274 survey respondents, and a replication study with 154 survey respondents. Findings: Analysis reveals that e-procurement quality comprises five universally applicable dimensions: Processing, Content, Usability, Professionalism, and Training. A sixth dimension, Specification, appears to be applicable, but context-specific. Originality/value: The study represents one of the most extensive investigations of eprocurement quality to date and is the first to examine its underlying dimensional structure. The multi-item scales developed and validated using a mixed methods process are suitable for theory building and testing, as well as providing useful diagnostic value to practitioners.
Complexity Beyond the Study of Monogenetic Arrhythmogenic Syndromes

Cardiac arrhythmias are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. The etiology of arrhythmias are complex, and the molecular mechanisms for these disorders have remained largely unknown. 1 In the past decade, a series of studies on the familial forms of long QT syndrome have identified mutations in various ion channel genes as the primary causes of the inheritable forms of ventricular arrhythmias and unraveled a novel molecular pathway for cardiac arrhythmia. 2 However, there is an incomplete penetrance of the disease phenotype, and extensive phenotypic variability can be seen among family members carrying the identical mutations in the channel genes. Within the same kindred, certain members who carry the mutation may die of sudden cardiac death, while others carrying the same primary genetic mutation may never develop any arrhythmias during their lifetime. Thus, a defect in the ion channels alone may be necessary, but not sufficient, to induce arrhythmias, indicating the existence of other modifiers. It is believed that a defect in the ion channel genes may provide the substrate or increase the susceptibility to cardiac arrhythmias, whereas the presence of other genetic modifiers and/or environmental risk factors for arrhythmias then trigger the disease phenotype. 3 Although the identification of the disease-causing genes for monogenic familiar arrhythmia syndromes in human has provided us with a number of new genes and pathway involved in cardiac arrhythmogenesis, it is still not known whether mutations of the same gene can be responsible for the non-heritable form of cardiac arrhythmia or not. In this issue of the Journal, Lai et al. screened for the
Determination of limited nutrients in the Turkish coastal waters of the Mediterranean and Aegean Seas

Increased human activities, rapid and uncontrolled industrial development, intensive urbanization have polluted and hence drastically modified the Turkish coastal water ecosystem of North East (NE) Mediterranean and Aegean Seas. Assessments of nutrient budgets and limiting nutrients in aquatic systems are of wide interest because of their fundamental importance in understanding carbon fixation, coastal eutrophication and wastewater management. In this study, the relative importance of nitrogen and phosphorus as potential limiting factors for primary producers during spring and summer seasons of 2009 was investigated in the near surface water along the Turkish coasts of the NE Mediterranean and Aegean Seas by using the 14 C bioassay technique. The results of bioassays and nutrient concentrations (DIN, PO4, Si) indicate that phosphorus is primarily limiting factor in the less contaminated, nutrient-depleted coastal waters of NE Mediterranean (including the Aegean Sea). However, nitrogen appears to be potential limiting element in heavily polluted semi-closed coastal zones (Izmir and Edremit Bays of the Aegean Sea) due to large organic and nutrient loads from industrial and domestic sources in the last decades and consequent occurrence of intense denitrification in the elongated Izmir Bay, reducing the N/P ratio in the shallow water column.
Histopathological spectrum of neoplastic lesions of female reproductive system-a two-year experience in Eastern Nepal

Background: Neoplastic lesions of female reproductive system (FRS) consist majority of surgical cases. The aim of this study is to find out the frequency distribution of tumors occurring in FRS. Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out in Birat Medical College, situated in eastern Nepal. All formalin fixed surgical specimen of FRS from August 2015 to September 2017 were subjected for histopathology and examined under light microscopy. All neoplastic lesions were included, and non-neoplastic lesions were excluded from the study. Results: A total number of ninety (90) histopathological tissues representating various types of neoplastic lesion of FRS were studied. Out of which 6 (6.6%) tumors were from uterine cervix, (including 1 cervical leiomyoma and 5 squamous cell carcinoma cervix) 45(50%) tumors were from uterine body, (all leiomyoma) 20 (22.2%) tumors were from ovary (including 9 mature teratoma, 1 immature teratoma, 6 mucinous cystadenoma and 4 cases of serous cystadenoma) and 19 (21.2%) tumors were from breast (including 16 fibroadenoma, 1 lactational adenoma, 2 infiltrating ductal carcinoma and 1 comedo carcinoma). Majority 81(90%) were benign and 9 (10%) were malignant. Most common benign tumor was leiomyoma of uterine body and most common malignant tumor was squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix both commonly occurring in the age group of 41-50 years. Conclusions: Benign tumor, leiomyoma is the common tumor occurring in FRS. Carcinoma of the cervix is the common malignant tumor.