Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The leukemogenic potential of an enhancer variant of Moloney murine leukemia virus varies with the route of inoculation

We previously showed that the Mo+PyF101 variant of Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) is poorly leukemogenic when inoculated subcutaneously (s.c.) into neonatal mice. We recently found that intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation of neonatal mice with the same virus significantly enhanced its leukemogenicity. In this study, infections of neonatal mice by the two different routes of inoculation were compared. We studied replication of the virus in vivo to identify critical preleukemic events. These would be observed in mice inoculated i.p. by Mo+PyF101 M-MuLV but not when inoculation was s.c. Infectious center assays indicated that regardless of the route of inoculation, Mo+PyF101 M-MuLV showed delayed infection of the thymus compared with wild-type M-MuLV. On the other hand, i.p.-inoculated mice showed more rapid appearance of infectious centers in the bone marrow than did s.c. -inoculated animals. Thus, the enhanced leukemogenicity of i.p. inoculation correlated with efficient early infection of the bone marrow and not with early infection of the thymus. These results suggest a role for bone marrow infection for efficient leukemogenesis in Mo+PyF101 M-MuLV-infected mice. Consistent with this notion, if bone marrow infection was decreased by injecting 10- to 12-day-old animals i.p., leukemogenicity resembled that of s.c. inoculation. Thus, two cell types that are critical for the induction of efficient leukemia were implicated. One cell delivers virus from the site of s.c. inoculation (the skin) to the bone marrow and is apparently restricted for Mo+PyF101 M-MuLV replication. The second cell is in the bone marrow, and its early infection is required for efficient leukemogenesis.
The Impact of Social Desirability and Expectation of Feedback on Emotional Intelligence in the Workplace

The use of Emotional Intelligence (EI) questionnaires and scales in the workplace has been growing rapidly over the last decade. EI has been a popular measure to develop key competencies in staff in the workplace and has started to be used in guiding staff recruitment and selection. Because most questionnaires involve self report assessment, the use of EI scales to assist in employee recruitment may be compromised if test-takers are able to fake good responses to the scales or to show social desirability. The current study investigated the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) as measured by the Workplace version of the Swinburne University Emotional Intelligence Test (SUEIT), and a new social desirability scale designed specifically for the Workplace – the Social Desirability Questionnaire (WSDQ) in 79 participants. A weak relationship between EI and social desirability was observed, and this relationship was stronger with the SUEIT dimensions of Emotional Control and Emotional Management than with the other dimensions. Social desirability was experimentally manipulated by examining the relationship between EI and WSDQ in two groups. The first group (N=34) completed the questionnaires anonymously and were told that no feedback was to be provided. The second group of participants (N=45) were informed that they would receive detailed feedback about their EI. EI did not significantly differ between the two feedback conditions. The results indicated that there is not significant or substantial relationships between self report EI and social desirability. The results of this study have significant implications for the use of self-report EI scales in employee recruitment.
Time Courses of Subcellular Signal Transduction and Cellular Apoptosis in Remote Viable Myocardium of Rat Left Ventricles Following Acute Myocardial Infarction: Role of Pharmacomodulation

We tested hypothesis that acute myocardial infarction (AMI) induces cellular apoptosis and serial changes of protein kinase C epsilon (PKC-e) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), and tested cardio-protective effect of losartan in this condition. The rats were assigned to group A (sacrificed on day 2), group B (sacrificed on day 5), and group C (sacrificed on day 14). Rats in each group were further randomized into the following groups: AMI (ligation of left coronary artery) without losartan (AMI-L0); AMI with losartan 20 mg/ kg/d (AMI-L1); and sham groups (L0 and L1). The PKC-e expression in membrane compartment was increased in AMI-L1 group than in other groups on day 5 and in AMI groups than in sham groups on day 14 (P < .01). Phosphorylated form of cytosolic p38 MAPK level was increased in AMI-L1 than in other groups on day 14 (P < .05). Furthermore, 14-day left ventricular ejection fraction was higher and cellular apoptosis was lower in AMI-L1 group than in AMI-L0 group (P < .0001).
A comparison of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score and the Trauma-Injury Severity Score (TRISS) for outcome assessment in Srinagarind Intensive Care Unit trauma patients.

OBJECTIVE To assess the ability of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) system and Trauma-Injury Severity Scoring (TRISS) system in predicting group mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) trauma patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD The trauma patients admitted to ICU at Srinagarind Hospital between June 2008 and December 2010 were studied. For each patient, demographic data, mechanism of injury and surgical status were collected. The probability of death was calculated for each patient based on the APACHE II and TRISS equations. The ability to predict group mortality for APACHE II and TRISS was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, two by two decision matrices and calibration curve analysis. RESULTS One hundred and thirty-two trauma patients were admitted to the ICU. Twenty-seven (20%) patients died and hundred and five (80%) survived. There were significant differences between survivors and non-survivors in Glasgow Coma Scale, Revised Trauma Score, Injury Severity Score and APACHE II score. By receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the areas under the curves (+/- SEM) of APACHE II and TRISS were 0.89 +/- 0.04 and 0.83 +/- 0.04, respectively. Using two by two decision matrices with a decision criterion of 0.5, the sensitivities, specificities and percentages correctly classified were 44.4%, 98.1% and 87.1%, respectively for APACHE II and 25.9%, 98.1% and 83.3%, respectively, for TRISS. From the calibration curves, the r2 value was 0.99 (p = 0.0001) for APACHE II and 0.98 (p = 0.0001) for TRISS. CONCLUSION Both APACHE II and TRISS scores were shown to accurately predict group mortality in ICU trauma patients. APACHE II and TRISS may be utilized for quality assurance in ICU trauma patients. However, neither APACHE II nor TRISS provides sufficient confidence for prediction of outcome of individual patients.
Opt-out organ donation: on evidence and public policy

Deceased organ donation in the United Kingdom (UK) is governed by the Human Tissue Act 2004 and the Human Tissue Act (Scotland) 2006 and operates under an opt-in system of donation. Despite its rejection by the Organ Donation Taskforce in 2008, there have been continued calls to move to an opt-out system (sometimes, perhaps incorrectly, termed presumed consent). For example, the British Medical Association has long supported such a move and there have been sustained attempts from some academic commentators who argue for legislative change. Recently, the National Assembly for Wales voted in favour of a draft Human Transplantation (Wales) Bill, which will enable the creation of an opt-out system. This follows a referendum held in early 2011 which resulted in the Assembly gaining further law-making powers, including in relation to health and health services. The new law is slated to be on the statute books by 2015. In addition, earlier this year, the Northern Irish Executive announced plans to consult on organ donation including a possible move to an opt-out system. It has been widely assumed that the evidence available makes credible the suggestion that opt-out systems yield significantly higher rates of organ donation, something that a recent review commissioned by the Welsh Assembly supposedly reaffirms. In this essay piece, we take issue with the way in which the evidence has been used to make inferences and reach conclusions not necessarily (strongly) supported by the evidence. The available evidence is weaker than sometimes assumed, yet it is being used to support ideological, ethical and political commitments. In the absence of strong evidence, time and effort spent on legislative change misses the opportunity to focus on non-legislative action, which could have greater impact. Measuring the potential impact of legislative change
Erythrocyte autoantibodies, the monocyte monolayer assay and in vivo haemolysis

Summary. Monocyte monolayer assays (MMA) were performed using red cells (RBCs) from 159 patients with a positive direct antiglobulin test and monocytes from healthy individuals. The results of the MMA reflected, to a great extent, in vivo haemolysis; 56/63 patients with a positive result, but only 10/96 with a negative one, had evidence of in vivo RBC destruction. Positive MMAs were observed with autoantibodies of all types: warm (42 cases), cold (14 cases), mixed (seven cases), but never in patients with only C3d on their RBCs and no detectable autoantibodies. With warm autoantibodies, the MMA results depended, in part, on the level of IgG sensitization; additional C3d coating acted synergistically to lower the amount of IgG necessary for monocyte interaction to occur. The presence of IgG3 as well as IgG 1 on the RBCs was usually associated with a high MMA result; most of these cases, however, also exhibited larger amounts of cell‐bound IgG. When the MMA results were analysed in respect of the various types of autoantibodies, differences in the phagocytosis: adherence ratio were observed; in patients with warm autoantibodies, there was a preponderance of phagocytosis, whereas in those with cold and mixed types, adherent RBCs predominated or were found alone.
Drosophila Neuroligin 2 is Required Presynaptically and Postsynaptically for Proper Synaptic Differentiation and Synaptic Transmission

Trans-synaptic adhesion between Neurexins (Nrxs) and Neuroligins (Nlgs) is thought to be required for proper synapse organization and modulation, and mutations in several human Nlgs have shown association with autism spectrum disorders. Here we report the generation and phenotypic characterization of Drosophila neuroligin 2 (dnlg2) mutants. Loss of dnlg2 results in reduced bouton numbers, aberrant presynaptic and postsynaptic development at neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), and impaired synaptic transmission. In dnlg2 mutants, the evoked responses are decreased in amplitude, whereas the total active zone (AZ) numbers at the NMJ are comparable to wild type, suggesting a decrease in the release probability. Ultrastructurally, the presynaptic AZ number per bouton area and the postsynaptic density area are both increased in dnlg2 mutants, whereas the subsynaptic reticulum is reduced in volume. We show that both presynaptic and postsynaptic expression of Dnlg2 is required to restore synaptic growth and function in dnlg2 mutants. Postsynaptic expression of Dnlg2 in dnlg2 mutants and wild type leads to reduced bouton growth whereas presynaptic and postsynaptic overexpression in wild-type animals results in synaptic overgrowth. Since Nlgs have been shown to bind to Nrxs, we created double mutants. These mutants are viable and display phenotypes that closely resemble those of dnlg2 and dnrx single mutants. Our results provide compelling evidence that Dnlg2 functions both presynaptically and postsynaptically together with Neurexin to determine the proper number of boutons as well as the number of AZs and size of synaptic densities during the development of NMJs.
Nucleotide Excision Repair Inhibitors: Still a Long Way to Go

The last few decades have witnessed a new astounding trend emerge in cancer research. The new strategy materialized as a glimmer of hope to improve current standard cancer treatments that target DNA. These DNA-damaging agents induce lesions into the genome, which are aimed at preventing cancer cells from proliferating and invading the surrounding tissue. However, as was shown by many experiments, in response to that cancer cells mobilize DNA repair pathways that tend to remove the induced damage. As a consequence, they exhibit increased resistance towards what would otherwise be an efficacious treatment [1]. These findings have validated DNA repair enzymes as new molecular targets in the context of the battle against cancer [2]. Fortunately, the proof of the concept of targeting DNA repair as a cancer-therapeutic-strategy has been provided by several convincing studies, many of which are advancing through pre-clinical and clinical trials [3]. A particular example of a novel target in such pathways is the nucleotide excision repair (NER) mechanism, which correlates with the induced resistance to platinum treatments [4].
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF INFLUENCE OF FAMILY LIFE AND HIV/AIDS EDUCATION ON KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND DECISION MAKING AMONG ADOLESCENTS WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT IN SOME STATES IN NIGERIA

This study investigated knowledge, attitude and decision making about the issue of HIV/AIDS among adolescents with hearing impairment in Oyo, Lagos and Kwara States. Seventy-six respondents participated in the study with age range between 16 and 20. The participants were drawn from Methodist Grammar School, Bodija in Ibadan, Ijokodo High School, Eleyele Road, Ibadan, Wesley School for the Deaf, Surulere, Lagos and Kwara State School for the Handicap in Ilorin. These schools were located in the Southwestern and North Central parts of Nigeria. Family Life and HIV/AIDS Education Inventory (FLHEI) investigating knowledge, attitude and decision making of the adolescence were constructed and used with reliability coefficient of 0.73. Chi square and student t-test methods at alpha level of 0.05 were used to analyse the data collected. The findings revealed that there were significant differences in knowledge, attitude and decision making of adolescents with hearing impairment as a result of Family Life and HIV/AIDS Education (FLHE). On the basis of the positive outcome, the study further recommended some ways of improving the effectiveness of Family Life and HIV/AIDS Education to be able to achieve the desire result among adolescents with hearing impairment and adolescents generally.
Participação das mulheres nas eleições de 2004: avaliação da política de cotas no Brasil

Existe um deficit democratico de genero no Brasil, expresso na baixa participacao feminina nos diversos niveis do Poder Legislativo. Para modificar essa situacao de desvantagem, foram promulgadas as Leis 9.100/95 e 9.504/97, inaugurando a politica de cotas, com o objetivo de reverter o carater excludente do sistema politico brasileiro nos aspectos de genero. Este artigo tem os seguintes objetivos: a) fazer uma breve revisao da literatura e dos dados sobre a participacao da mulher na politica no Brasil; b) fazer uma analise estatistica descritiva dos resultados eleitorais de 2004, com base nos resultados eleitorais do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE); c) aplicar um modelo de regressao logistica cuja variavel independente e o percentual de mulheres eleitas e as co-variaveis: percentual de mulheres candidatas, tamanho do municipio, numero de partidos, regioes, percentagem de candidatos por vaga e Indice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDH-M); d) sugerir uma alteracao na legislacao atual. Palavras-chave: mulheres na politica; politica de cotas; genero; eleicoes de 2004.
Three-dimensional cellular microarray for high-throughput toxicology assays

We have developed a miniaturized 3D cell-culture array (the Data Analysis Toxicology Assay Chip or DataChip) for high-throughput toxicity screening of drug candidates and their cytochrome P450-generated metabolites. The DataChip consists of human cells encapsulated in collagen or alginate gels (as small as 20 nl) arrayed on a functionalized glass slide for spatially addressable screening against multiple compounds. A single DataChip containing 1,080 individual cell cultures, used in conjunction with the complementary human P450-containing microarray (the Metabolizing Enzyme Toxicology Assay Chip or MetaChip), simultaneously provided IC50 values for nine compounds and their metabolites from CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4 and a mixture of the three P450s designed to emulate the human liver. Similar responses were obtained with the DataChip and conventional 96-well plate assays, demonstrating that the near 2,000-fold miniaturization does not influence the cytotoxicity response. The DataChip may therefore enable toxicity analyses of drug candidates and their metabolites at throughputs compatible with the availability of compounds at early-stage drug discovery.
RiceArrayNet: A Database for Correlating Gene Expression from Transcriptome Profiling, and Its Application to the Analysis of Coexpressed Genes in Rice1[C][W][OA]

Microarray data can be used to derive understanding of the relationships between the genes involved in various biological systems of an organism, given the availability of databases of gene expression measurements from the complete spectrum of experimental conditions and materials. However, there have been no reports, to date, of such a database being constructed for rice (Oryza sativa). Here, we describe the construction of such a database, called RiceArrayNet (RAN; http://www.ggbio.com/arraynet/), which provides information on coexpression between genes in terms of correlation coefficients (r values). The average number of coexpressed genes is 214, with sd of 440 at r ≥ 0.5. Given the correlation between genes in a gene pair, the degrees of closeness between genes can be visualized in a relational tree and a relational network. The distribution of correlated genes according to degree of stringency shows how each gene is related to other genes. As an application of RAN, the 16-member L7Ae ribosomal protein family was explored for coexpressed genes and gene expression values within and between rice and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and common and unique features in coexpression partners and expression patterns were observed for these family members. We observed a correlation pattern between Os01g0968800, a drought-responsive element-binding transcription factor, Os02g0790500, a trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, and Os06g0219500, a small heat shock factor, reflecting the fact that genes responding to the same biological stresses are regulated together. The RAN database can be used as a tool to gain insight into a particular gene by examining its coexpression partners.
Helminth Parasites of Unisexual and Bisexual Whiptail Lizards (Teiidae) in North America. V. Mesocestoides sp. Tetrathyridia (Cestoidea: Cyclophyllidea) from Four Species of Cnemidophorus

Two hundred and one whiptail lizards, Cnemidophorus spp. , from Texas and Colorado (USA), were examined for Mesocestoides sp. tetrathyridia. Eleven (5%) were infected, including three of 58 (5%) C. dixoni, six of 70 (9%) C. gularis septemvittatus, one of 35 (3%) C. marmoratus, and one of 34 (3%) C. tesselatus; four C. inornatus heptagrammus were not infected. In addition, 41 non-cnemidophorine lizards from the same study area were not infected. Free tetrathyridia were found in the body cavity of lizards and encapsulated tetrathyridia were observed in the heart, liver, stomach, mesenteries, ovaries, intestines, and lungs. None of the Mesocestoides sp. exhibited any evidence of asexual proliferation such as multiple scoleces or buds. This note, the fifth in a series of reports on helminths of Cnemidophorus spp. , represents the first time Mesocestoides sp. has been reported from these four taxa, and Colorado is a new geographic locality record for this parasite.
A Dual-Ended Readout Detector Using a Meantime Method for SiPM TOF-DOI PET

We have investigated a dual-ended readout detector based on two silicon photo-multipliers (SiPMs) using a 30 mm long cerium-doped lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate ( Lu0.5Y1.4Si0.5:Ce, LYSO) crystal to study the feasibility of a time-of-flight (TOF) and depth-of-interaction (DOI) positron emission tomography (PET). To improve the timing resolution in the dual-ended readout detector, a novel meantime measurement was employed. The meantime was obtained by averaging two signal arrival times at two SiPMs, each of which was attached to both ends of the LYSO crystal. The meantime method minimizes the arrival time difference along the crystal. Both timing and DOI resolutions using the meantime method were better than those of a single-ended readout detector.
JAK2V617F promotes replication fork stalling with disease-restricted impairment of the intra-S checkpoint response

Significance Cancers arise through a succession of enabling genetic lesions, but the consequences of many driver mutations remain unclear, especially in the earliest stages of tumor formation. The myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) encompass a group of chronic hematologic disorders that can collectively provide a window into these early stages of leukemia evolution. This study reveals a role for the JAK2V617F mutation, the most frequent genetic abnormality in MPN patients, in impairing replication fork progression during cell division of MPN patient-derived tumor cells. Moreover, analysis of different MPN disease subtypes reveals unexpected differences in DNA repair activity in response to JAK2V617F-induced perturbations in replication dynamics. These findings have potential implications for tumor clonal evolution and individualized cancer therapy. Cancers result from the accumulation of genetic lesions, but the cellular consequences of driver mutations remain unclear, especially during the earliest stages of malignancy. The V617F mutation in the JAK2 non-receptor tyrosine kinase (JAK2V617F) is present as an early somatic event in most patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), and the study of these chronic myeloid malignancies provides an experimentally tractable approach to understanding early tumorigenesis. Introduction of exogenous JAK2V617F impairs replication fork progression and is associated with activation of the intra-S checkpoint, with both effects mediated by phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling. Analysis of clonally derived JAK2V617F-positive erythroblasts from MPN patients also demonstrated impaired replication fork progression accompanied by increased levels of replication protein A (RPA)-containing foci. However, the associated intra-S checkpoint response was impaired in erythroblasts from polycythemia vera (PV) patients, but not in those from essential thrombocythemia (ET) patients. Moreover, inhibition of p53 in PV erythroblasts resulted in more gamma-H2Ax (γ-H2Ax)–marked double-stranded breaks compared with in like-treated ET erythroblasts, suggesting the defective intra-S checkpoint function seen in PV increases DNA damage in the context of attenuated p53 signaling. These results demonstrate oncogene-induced impairment of replication fork progression in primary cells from MPN patients, reveal unexpected disease-restricted differences in activation of the intra-S checkpoint, and have potential implications for the clonal evolution of malignancies.