Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anomalous Nitrogen Isotope Ratio in Comets

High-resolution spectra of the CN B2 ∑+–X2 ∑+ (0,0) band at 390 nanometers yield isotopic ratios for comets C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) and C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR) as follows: 165 ± 40 and 115 ± 20 for 12C/13C, 140 ± 35 and 140 ± 30 for 14N/15N. Our N isotopic measurements are lower than the terrestrial 14N/15N = 272 and the ratio for Hale-Bopp from measurements of HCN, the presumed parent species of CN. This isotopic anomaly suggests the existence of other parent(s) of CN, with an even lower N isotopic ratio. Organic compounds like those found in interplanetary dust particles are good candidates.
Automatic voltage control of a cluster of hydro power plants to operate as a virtual power plant

The paper proposes an application of a hierarchical automatic voltage regulation scheme for a cluster of hydro power plants connected to HV networks. The topology considered in the paper is a radial network in which the hydro power plants are connected to each other and have a single point of connection at the HV level. The technique proposed in the paper is based on well-assessed control strategies that are used in HV transmission systems, but has not been applied so far to medium voltage networks. A case study based on a cluster of hydro power plants composed of 11 generators and a distribution grid is presented and discussed in detail.
Comparison of patterns and strength of adult attachment in patients with Axis I, Axis I+II disorders and a community sample

Abstract Background: Adult attachment patterns influence the quality of close relationships, and they are therefore important for treatment planning in psychiatry. Aim: This study compares the patterns and strength of adult attachment in patients with Axis I, Axis I+II disorders and individuals of a general population sample. Methods: Patients were recruited from a psychiatric outpatient clinic, 72 with Axis I disorders and 72 with Axis I+II disorders. The patients and a normative community sample (n = 437) filled in the Experiences in Close Relationships questionnaire. Results: The proportion of insecure attachment differed significantly between all groups: 40% in the community sample, 64% in the Axis I group and 90% in the Axis I+II group. On the dimensional anxiety and avoidance subscales, a similar significant gradient was observed related to the strength of attachment. Conclusion: A definite gradient was observed concerning patterns and strength of attachment in relation to the severity of psychopathology.
High productivity and good nutritive values of cellulolytic bacteria grown on sugarcane bagasse.

The fermentation of cellulosic wastes by cellulolytic bacteria shows promise as a process for obtaining new low-cost protein sources; at the same time, it solves a problem of waste disposal. At present, many problems remain to be solved before making this process economically profitable. The low productivity due to poor cell density attained, and low nutritive value of the biomass produced stand out as two of them. Humphrey et al. have pointed out that the critical question in the microbial degradation of cellulose is how to optimize the cell yield in order to achieve nearly total cellulose degradation. Belamy calculated that the rate of cellulose utilization should be at least 1-5 g/l/h for the process to be profitable. The work described here deals with how increases of cell concentration and productivity change the media concentration of a fermentation process using Cellulomonas sp. , and the determination of the nutritive value of the product. (Refs. 12).
The Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk

The Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk was developed to foster early identification of patients at risk for forming pressure sores. The scale is composed of six subscales that reflect sensory perception, skin moisture, activity, mobility, friction and shear, and nutritional status. Content and construct validity were established by expert opinion and empirical testing. Three studies of reliability are reported here, using raters who varied in level of educational preparation and geographic region. Two prospective studies of predictive validity were completed to determine the scale's sensitivity and specificity. Reliability ranged from r = . 83 to r = . 94 for nurses' aides and licensed practical nurses; when used by registered nurses, the reliability increased to r = . 99. Predictive validity was calculated for each cut-off point of the scale. Using a cutoff point of 16, sensitivity was 100% in both studies. Specificity ranged from 64% to 90%. This instrument has highly satisfactory reliability when used by RNs, and greater sensitivity and specificity than instruments previously reported.
A Virtual Meeting System for the New Age

With the growth of virtual organisations and multinational companies, virtual collaboration tasks are becoming more important for employees because the cost of business travels remains high. In this paper, a proposal is presented to create a virtual meeting system that can use artificial intelligent components to support participants and help to produce effective and better meeting outcomes or to save time by doing tasks in the background for users. A belief that the new age of collaborative environments should consist of intelligent features led to the development of a stable prototype V-ROOM that can be used to test how and if artificial intelligence can facilitate each meeting participant according to her/his formal meeting role and also, if it can facilitate the pre and post meeting tasks. The development is based on previous work, which involved testing the system in a classroom setting and making appropriate improvements. The results of a review and a comparison of virtual meeting systems are presented. The final development of the meeting system will be based on feedback received from professionals in various domains. The findings so far highlight that intelligent systems are needed, especially since information that individuals have to know and process, is vast. One of the main issues that needs to be overcome is that current artificial intelligence is not able to provide totally reliable information, and for this reason in some circumstances, it could hinder a meeting's effectiveness. Thus it is contended that artificial intelligence should be used only as an assisting tool. The survey results showed that meeting summarisation is one of the most important new features that should be added to virtual meeting systems.
of Information , Communication and Ethics in Society Turkish students ’ perceived relevance of Facebook as a marketing tool

Turkish students’ perceived relevance of Facebook as a marketing tool Stephen Baglione, Talha Harcar, John Spillan, Article information: To cite this document: Stephen Baglione, Talha Harcar, John Spillan, (2017) "Turkish students’ perceived relevance of Facebook as a marketing tool", Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, Vol. 15 Issue: 2, doi: 10.1108/JICES-08-2016-0027 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi. org/10.1108/JICES-08-2016-0027
Perceptions, health seeking behaviour and access to diagnosis and treatment initiation among previously undetected leprosy cases in rural Maharashtra, India.

OBJECTIVES To study sociodemographic profiles, perceptions about leprosy and health seeking patterns among adult leprosy patients and parents of children with leprosy detected through a prevalence survey conducted earlier, in rural areas of Panvel tehsil in Maharashtra. METHODS The study was cross-sectional and used mixed (qualitative and quantitative) methods. Of the 97 confirmed rural leprosy cases who had been detected through the initial prevalence survey, 58 newly detected adult leprosy cases and parents of 22 children detected with leprosy were interviewed with a semistructured interview schedule between May 2008 and March 2009. FINDINGS The study revealed that most of the leprosy patients belonged to the poor socioeconomic strata. Nearly 58% of the adult patients reported that they had been detected through the survey within 3 months of noticing their symptom(s) for the first time. Despite having been diagnosed and receiving treatment, only 48% of adult cases knew their condition as leprosy, reflecting their poor knowledge of the disease and lack of communication between providers and patients. The symptom 'patch on the skin' seems to have percolated in the community. Despite approaching the private or public sector for help in the first instance, many patients and children remained undiagnosed and untreated for leprosy. CONCLUSION Active surveys for leprosy case detection should substitute the self-reporting approach until IEC measures are sufficiently effective to achieve a significant impact on transmission. Nevertheless both approaches will need the presence of staff with active diagnostic skills and optimal drug availability at PHCs.
"BreastfeedingBasics": web-based education that meets current knowledge competencies.

BACKGROUND The United States has not met the majority of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention goals for breastfeeding duration. Studies have shown a lack of knowledge about breastfeeding by health care professionals and students (HCP/S). Web-based education can be a cost-effective manner of education for HCP/S. "BreastfeedingBasics" is an online free educational program available for use. AIMS This study compares information in "BreastfeedingBasics" to the breastfeeding knowledge competencies recommended by the US Breastfeeding Committee (USBC). It also evaluates usage of "BreastfeedingBasics" by users and health care professional faculty. METHODS Using anonymous information from Web site users, the authors compared mean pre-test and post-test scores of the modules as a measure of the knowledge gained by HCP/S users. They evaluated usage by demographic information and used a Web-based survey to assess benefits of usage of "BreastfeedingBasics" to faculty. RESULTS Overall, 15 020 HCP/S used the Web site between April 1999 and December 2009. "BreastfeedingBasics" meets 8 of the 11 USBC knowledge competencies. Mean post-test scores increased (P < .001) for all modules. Faculty reported its benefits to be free, broad scope, and the ability to be completed on the students' own time; 84% of the faculty combined the use of "BreastfeedingBasics" with clinical work. CONCLUSIONS Use of "BreastfeedingBasics" can help HCP/S meet the USBC core breastfeeding knowledge competencies and gain knowledge. Faculty are satisfied with its use. Wider use of "BreastfeedingBasics" to help improve the knowledge of HCP/S may help in improving breastfeeding outcomes.
Hysteroscopy and directed biopsy in the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma.

BACKGROUND Diagnostic hysteroscopy and directed biopsy has been widely used to evaluate abnormal uterine bleeding. We aimed to explore the value of hysteroscopy and directed biopsy in the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma. METHODS Two hundred and eighty-seven patients with endometrial carcinoma who were treated in Beijing University People's Hospital, Beijing, China were distributed into 2 groups: Group A (90 patients) was examined using hysteroscopy and directed biopsy, and Group B (197 patients) was examined using fractional dilatation and curettage (D&C). The diagnostic veracity of the two methods, the rate of positive peritoneal cytology and the prognosis of the 2 groups were compared. RESULTS In Group A, 97.8% (88/90) of patients were diagnosed pathologically before surgery; the rate was 88.8% (175/197) for Group B. The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for the two methods for detecting cervical involvement were 77.8%, 100%, 100% and 97.6% for Group A and 65.3%, 92.6%, 74.4% and 90.0% for Group B, respectively. The positive peritoneal cytology rate was 5.6% (5/90) in Group A and 6.09% (12/197) in Group B. The difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 91.4% (33/36) and 82.4% (14/17) for Group A and 95.6% (87/91) and 86.7% (39/45) for Group B. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups' survival rates (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Compared with fractional D&C, hysteroscopy and directed biopsy offered improved pathological diagnostic accuracy before surgery and discovered cervical involvement more precisely in endometrial carcinoma patients, but it did not increase the positive peritoneal cytology rate or affect the prognosis of these patients.
Increased hunger and speed of eating in obese children and adolescents

Abstract Objectives: This quality improvement program examined self-reported hunger, over-eating, and eating speed in obese and normal-weight children and adolescents prior to an interventional component. Patients and Methods: Food frequency questionnaires were presented to 127 obese and 42 normal-weight patients, and perceived hunger, food intake and eating speed were rated. Results: Obese patients reported significantly greater hunger than normal-weight patients (62.2% vs. 21.4%, p<0.001) and faster eating (55.7% vs. 23.3%, p<0.001). Patients reporting being “always” or “often hungry” were more than six times likely to be obese (OR=6.49, 2.86–14.73, p<0.001), while rapid speed of eating yielded a four-fold increase in likelihood of obesity (OR=4.15, 1.77–9.72, p<0.001). Hunger and speed of eating were also highly associated (p<0.001). Conclusions: Increased hunger and eating speed were highly prevalent in these obese pediatric patients and may reflect abnormalities of satiety and satiation.
Investigating the Costs of Religious Observance: Cross-Country Analysis of Islamic Banking

This study regresses key variables that influence the profitability of Conventional and Islamic banks as measured by Return on Average Assets, to determine the impact of Islamicity on the profitability of the banks in a given country. The study compares 36564 banks in 77 countries belonging to both Islamic and non-Islamic countries. We find that Islamic banks have higher operating costs and overall experience lower return on average assets. JEL classification: F30; G21; Z12
Mainstreaming or Mainlining

This study identified the social skill competencies a mainstreamed student should possess in order to function successfully in the regular classroom. Regular and special elementary level educators completed a 36-item questionnaire that asked them to rate their perception as to whether or not a specific social skill was critical for success in the mainstream setting. Based upon the results of this study, three general social skill areas and 15 competencies were identified. Differences between regular and special educators and primary and intermediate level teachers were identified.
Study of psychiatric disturbance in infertile women

Background: The experience of infertility can be extremely stressful and associated with a range of psychiatric problems in infertile women. Generally; some of the risk factors which may lead to psychiatric problem are repeated unsuccessful treatment of infertility, low socioeconomic status, lack of partner support, being female, life events, etc. Objective: In this study, we have analyzed the psychiatric problems of infertile women by means of primary health questionnaire (PHQ). Materials and methods: In a cross sectional study 100 infertile women were selected and advised to fill up PHQ. After obtaining their consents psychiatric problems such as somatoform, panic, other anxiety disorder major depressive and other depressive disorders, were assessed, and their results were analyzed and compared with these results from 98 fertile women. Results: According to PHQ results major depression and anxiety disorders were significantly more frequent in infertile women, but considering somatoform and panic disorder there was no significant difference between infertile and fertile women. Conclusions: Infertility may be considered as one of the major casual factor in major depressive and anxiety disorders in association with other social problems.
p38 MAPK inhibits autophagy and promotes microglial inflammatory responses by phosphorylating ULK1

Inflammation and autophagy are two critical cellular processes. The relationship between these two processes is complex and includes the suppression of inflammation by autophagy. However, the signaling mechanisms that relieve this autophagy-mediated inhibition of inflammation to permit a beneficial inflammatory response remain unknown. We find that LPS triggers p38&agr; mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)–dependent phosphorylation of ULK1 in microglial cells. This phosphorylation inhibited ULK1 kinase activity, preventing it from binding to the downstream effector ATG13, and reduced autophagy in microglia. Consistently, p38&agr; MAPK activity is required for LPS-induced morphological changes and the production of IL-1&bgr; by primary microglia in vitro and in the brain, which correlates with the p38&agr; MAPK-dependent inhibition of autophagy. Furthermore, inhibition of ULK1 alone was sufficient to promote an inflammatory response in the absence of any overt inflammatory stimulation. Thus, our study reveals a molecular mechanism that enables the initial TLR4-triggered signaling pathway to inhibit autophagy and optimize inflammatory responses, providing new understanding into the mechanistic basis of the neuroinflammatory process.
Distinctive banded marker chromosomes of human tumor cell lines

Nine human tumor cell lines (five breast carcinomas and four sarcomas) have been studied and each revealed groups of distinctive banded marker chromosomes which can serve to identify them and aid in monitoring cell line specificity. This was possible neither by conventional karyology in terms of numbers and morphology of chromosomes nor by glucose‐6‐phosphate‐dehydrogenase mobility which was type B for all cultures. The significance of the clonal nature of the cell lines is discussed.
Radiologic features and treatment outcomes of pulmonary metastasis in gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the radiologic patterns and treatment outcome of pulmonary metastasis in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT). MATERIAL AND METHOD The medical records and chest films of GTT patients treated at Chiang Mai University Hospital between January 1998 and June 2003 were reviewed. RESULTS There were 85 GTT-patients in the study period. 32 cases (37.6%) had pulmonary metastasis diagnosed with chest X-rays. The most common radiologic pattern was well defined nodule. The radiologic features of patients who had lung metastases alone were not significantly different from those who had associated metastases in other organs. 27 patients (84.3%) received multiple chemotherapy and 6 required more than one regimen. The mean number of chemotherapy was 7 cycles (range 3-23). Adjuvant surgery consisted of hysterectomy (11), salpingo-oophorectomy (1), thoracotomy (2), and craniotomy (1). Four patients received whole brain irradiation for brain metastases. Among 10 patients with lung metastasis alone, 8 (80%) attained complete remission, the remaining 2 patients were lost to follow-up. Among 22 patients with associated multiple organ metastases, 16 (72.7%) had complete remission, 2 died from diseases, 4 were lost to follow-up. CONCLUSION The most common radiologic pattern of pulmonary metastasis in GTT patients was well-defined multiple lung nodules. The radiologic features of patients who had lung metastases alone were not significantly different from those who developed metastases in other organs.
Improving the Prediction Accuracy of the Extinction of Stretched Methanol/Air Premixed Flames

ABSTRACT Experimental measurements of the laminar flame speed and extinction strain rate of premixed methanol/air flames were conducted using the counterflow configuration. The validities of five methanol oxidation chemical kinetic models were verified. The results showed that a notable discrepancy was observed between the experimental and predicted extinction strain rate. Sensitivity analyses showed that the dominating reactions were H2/O2 chain branching/propagation reactions, CO/HCO reactions and dehydrogenation reactions of CH3OH and CH2OH. Further kinetic studies revealed that the reaction rate constants of the CH2OH dehydrogenation reactions were important in the prediction of the extinction strain rate. The reaction rate constants of the most sensitive chain branching/propagation reactions in San Diego scheme were updated using the recently published data. This updated San Diego scheme not only remained good performances in predicting laminar flame speed, ignition delay time, and non-premixed extinction limit of methanol/air flames but also significantly improved the prediction of the premixed extinction strain rate.
Endoscopic and Histologic Abnormalities of Gastrointestinal Tract in Patients With Hereditary Hemochromatosis

Background: Patients with iron overload frequently complained of upper gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. This study aimed to systemically evaluate the association between hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) and gut inflammation. Patients and Methods: HH patients were identified using the ICD-9 codes. Inclusion criteria were patients with primary HH who had esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and/or colonoscopy with GI biopsies (N=39). Patients undergoing EGD with duodenal biopsy for the indication of “rule out celiac disease” were included in the control group (N=40). GI biopsy specimens were rereviewed and scored. Results: Of the 39 patients with genetically confirmed primary HH in the study group, 28 (71.8%) had liver biopsy and 25 (89.3%) of them showed iron deposition. Twenty-five patients (64.1%) had EGD and 23 (59.0%) had colonoscopy. Histologic inflammation was identified in the esophagus in 2 patients (8.0%), stomach in 11 (44.0%), duodenum in 2 (8.7%), and colon in 3 (13.0%). Duodenal biopsy specimen was available for rereview in 16 patients (41.0%). Patient demographics were comparable between the 16 cases in the study group and the 40 cases in the control group. On histology, the frequency of intraepithelial lymphocytosis of small intestine was 25.5% in the HH cases versus 2.5% in controls (P=0.020). HH patients also had a greater proportion of intraepithelial neutrophil infiltration (31.2% vs. 2.5%, P=0.006) and lamina propria lymphocyte infiltration (31.2% vs. 0%, P=0.001) than controls. Conclusions: GI inflammation was common in HH patients, which from the different perspective, supports the notion that iron overload may lead to GI inflammation.