Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GAMMA-RAY BURST AFTERGLOW BROADBAND FITTING BASED DIRECTLY ON HYDRODYNAMICS SIMULATIONS

We present a powerful new tool for fitting broadband gamma-ray burst afterglow data, which can be used to determine the burst explosion parameters and the synchrotron radiation parameters. By making use of scale invariance between relativistic jets of different energies and different circumburst medium densities, and by capturing the output of high-resolution two-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamical (RHD) jet simulations in a concise summary, the jet dynamics are generated quickly. Our method calculates the full light curves and spectra using linear radiative transfer sufficiently fast to allow for a direct iterative fit of RHD simulations to the data. The fit properly accounts for jet features that so far have not been successfully modeled analytically, such as jet decollimation, inhomogeneity along the shock front, and the transitory phase between the early-time relativistic and late-time non-relativistic outflow. As a first application of the model we simultaneously fit the radio, X-ray, and optical data of GRB 990510. We find not only noticeable differences between our findings for the explosion and radiation parameters and those of earlier authors, but also an improved model fit when we include the observer angle in the data fit. The fit method will be made freely available on request and online at http://cosmo.nyu. edu/afterglowlibrary. In addition to data fitting, the software tools can also be used to quickly generate a light curve or spectrum for arbitrary observer position, jet, and radiation parameters.
Interpreting the near-infrared spectra of the 'golden standard' Type Ia supernova 2005cf

We present nine near-infrared (NIR) spectra of supernova (SN) 2005cf at epochs from −10 to +42 d with respect to B-band maximum, complementing the existing excellent data sets available for this prototypical Type Ia SN at other wavelengths. The spectra show a time evolution and spectral features characteristic of normal Type Ia SNe, as illustrated by a comparison with SNe 1999ee, 2002bo and 2003du. The broad-band spectral energy distribution (SED) of SN 2005cf is studied in combined ultraviolet (UV), optical and NIR spectra at five epochs between ∼8 d before and ∼10 d after maximum light. We also present synthetic spectra of the hydrodynamic explosion model W7, which reproduce the key properties of SN 2005cf not only at UV–optical as previously reported, but also at NIR wavelengths. From the radiative-transfer calculations we infer that fluorescence is the driving mechanism that shapes the SED of SNe Ia. In particular, the NIR part of the spectrum is almost devoid of absorption features, and instead dominated by fluorescent emission of both iron-group material and intermediate-mass elements at pre-maximum epochs, and pure iron-group material after maximum light. A single P-Cygni feature of Mg ii at early epochs and a series of relatively unblended Co ii lines at late phases allow us to constrain the regions of the ejecta in which the respective elements are abundant.
Exploring the strategy-to-performance gap : the case of four South African life insurers

Strategic management ensures organisational performance by creating and shaping effective strategy to outwit competition. Intended strategy and realised strategy do not necessarily coincide, resulting in a performance gap. Various reasons are advanced for this performance gap. Some researchers are of the opinion that this gap is attributable to formulation aspects, while others blame execution barriers. This paper reports on the perceptions of CEOs of four South African life insurers in connection with the strategy-to-performance gap experienced in their respective organisations. The findings illustrate that these organisations ranked the strategy formulation and execution activities in their organisations similarly. However, they ranked the reasons for the breakdown in strategy execution, as well as the factors that would have the greatest impact on the quality of strategy execution, differently. These rankings were not entirely coherent. This study is situated in the interpretivist research philosophy, combining a case study and descriptive survey as method of inquiry and using a questionnaire to collect data. The latter was one of the reported limitations of the study, since the use of a questionnaire prohibited cross-examination of responses. Nevertheless, the study contributes valuable information to organisations, especially life insurers, to minimise the strategy-to-performance gap.
Women Representatives Acting for Women: Sex and the Signing of Early Day Motions in the 1997 British Parliament

The return of 101 Labour women MPs in 1997 generated an expectation that their presence would enhance women's substantive representation. And many of Labour's new women MPs claim to have acted for women since their election. Yet demonstrating the difference that MPs make is not easy. Much of what goes on in the chamber of the Commons reflects party identity, and much of what goes on elsewhere in parliament is hidden. Studying sex differences in the signing of early day motions (EDMs) provides one way of testing whether Labour's women MPs are acting for women. Analysis of all the EDMs in the 1997 parliament, some 5,000 motions, establishes that they are more likely than Labour's men to sign ‘women's' and especially feminist ‘women's' EDMs. There is clear evidence of behavioural differences between Labour's women and men MPs, strengthening arguments that women's political presence is important because of the substantive difference they can make.
Estimation of the chlorophyll concentration in seven Citrus species of Kokrajhar district, BTAD, Assam, India

Green plants synthesize a wide range of primary and secondary metabolites in different quantity. Chlorophylls belong to the primary metabolites that give the color of the leaves and fruits, especially in the unripe stage. The spectral properties of chlorophylls are essential in harvesting light energy and in the transduction of absorbed light energy for photosynthesis. Like other plants, the variation of leaf colour, as well as photosynthetic activity in Citrus species, is dependent on chlorophyll concentration. Chlorophyll content determines the photosynthetic capacity of the plant per unit area of leaf, stress and nutritional deficiencies. The study of chlorophyll content in seven Citrus species growing in different localities of Kokrajhar district of Assam has shown some variability among them as an individual character.
Correlation of Maternal Factors on Neonatal Jaundice

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common problem affecting the newborn. About 25-50% of term newborn and higher percentage of premature newborn develop clinical jaundice and serum bilirubin >15mg/dl is seen in 3% normal term babies. Materials and Methods: This is an observational case control study of 250 randomly selected pregnant women who delivered at SAT Hospital, Medical College, Thiruvavananthapuram. They were followed up for one week in the postnatal ward following delivery and babies were observed for the development of jaundice. Results: 73 babies developed neonatal jaundice and were considered as group I or cases. 177 babies did not develop NNJ, taken as group II and were considered as controls. The significant risk factors associated with NNJ in the present study were history of abortion and NNJ in previous pregnancy, Prematurity, ABO incompatibility, Rh incompatibility, Oxytocin use, PROM / PPROM, instrumental deliveries, birth asphyxia and sepsis. Conclusion: Neonatal jaundice is a major causeof neonatal morbidity and NICU admission. Hence all efforts should be made to identify the preventable causes of neonatal jaundice.
IMPACT OF BRAND CREDIBILITY ON CONSUMER LOYALTY A CASE STUDY OF FAST FOOD INDUSTRY IN DG KHAN, PAKISTAN

The purpose of this research study is to investigate the relationship of brand credibility and consumer loyalty with the indirect effect of attitude towards brand as mediator. Mainly, the study was conducted in the service sector by taking a prominent sectors food sector. To represent food service sector Pizza Hut was chosen. Sample of study was college/ sub campuses students and staff members from banking institutions in D. G. Khan. Different statistical techniques were used like factor loading (As a data reduction technique), Reliability analysis (To check the consistency among the different questions of a variable), Descriptive statistics (To check the central tendency), Correlation analysis (To check the relationship among variables) and regression analysis including model summary and ANOVA (To check the cause and effect relationship among variables). Results found that brand credibility and consumer loyalty are the most significant factors. Furthermore attitude towards brand as mediator plays a significant role.
Employing an Implicit function to prove unified common fixed point theorems for expansive type mappings in symmetric spaces

The purpose of this paper is to prove some unified general common fixed point theorems employing absorbing property for expansive mappings governed by a relatively improved implicit function in symmetric spaces which generalizes several previously known results due to Ali and Imdad [2], Djoudi [6], Imdad and Khan [15], Pathak and Tiwari [28], Popa [30] and some others. Some related results are also derived besides furnishing illustrative example.
Perception of Over the Counter Drug Advertising among Pharmacists in Abu Dhabi, UAE

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate pharmacists’ perception and attitude towards OTC drug advertising in Abu Dhabi, UAE. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: A pre-piloted 35-item questionnaire was distributed to 130 pharmacists, who were agreed to take part in the study from Abu Dhabi Health Authority, UAE. Results: The majority of respondents watched OTC advertisements on the internet (43.1%) and television (35.4%), at least 1-5 times per week. Half of the pharmacists (50.0%) reported that patients interacted with them more than 10 times per week about OTC drugs. Most of the participants (88.5%) thought that advertising makes them aware of new products in the market, and more than half of them (60.0%) admitted that it influences their decisions when patients seek advice. Conclusion: Pharmacists in Abu Dhabi, UAE seem to be less conservative about the subject of drug advertising regarding its impact on their practice. Nonetheless, they are fully aware that such advertisements could lead to undesirable consequences, such as misuse or abuse of OTC products, increased chances of potential adverse events and increased costs.
SWOT ANALYSIS IN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY AT PURABAYA BUS STATION

Gate automation (entrance automation) is a strategic plan that will be implemented at PurabayaBus Station Surabaya. An automation technique with Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) is a method that can be used to store or receive data remotely using RFID tags ortransponders. The purpose of this study was to determine the quadrant position in the SWOTdiagram of the gate automation plan and determine the most appropriate strategy in accordancewith the position of the quadrant on the SWOT diagram. Respondents who were usedto measure strengths and weaknesses included fifty employees of the Purabaya Bus StationSurabaya, while to measure opportunities and threats were fifty drivers and automotive businessmenwho currently use the bus station. Data were analyzed using SWOT in which thescores of internal factor (Internal Factor Analysis Summary-IFAS) and external factor (ExternalFactor Analysis Summary-EFAS) were calculated. The results showed that score ofinternal factor and external factor were greater than 2. Hence, the position of SWOT for thegate automation was located in quadrant 1, suggesting that a company has strength to takean advantage of the existing opportunities.
Counting and measuring fish with baited video techniques - an overview

The use of remote, baited ‘video fishing’ techniques offer standardised, non-extractive methodologies for estimating relative abundance of a range of marine vertebrates and invertebrates, with the option of very precise and accurate length and biomass estimates when stereo-camera pairs are used. They have also been used to monitor the fate of bycatch discards and other food falls, and to help measure metabolic rates, swimming speed and foraging behaviour of abyssal scavengers. This paper gives a brief overview of the general methodology, benefits and limitations of the technique. We conclude that baited video techniques afford the only sampling option for some situations, but more often can complement other traditional methods to enhance the scope and capability of monitoring and stock assessment programs. Major advances will be made when models are developed for shallow waters to estimate absolute density of target species by accounting for the sampling area in the bait plume. Cheaper, better and smaller camera, lighting and deployment systems are inevitable, but focussed research and development is needed to overcome bottlenecks in data acquisition from tapes through incremental automation.
Improving generalized regression analysis for the spatial prediction of forest communities

Aim This study used data from temperate forest communities to assess: (1) five different stepwise selection methods with generalized additive models, (2) the effect of weighting absences to ensure a prevalence of 0.5, (3) the effect of limiting absences beyond the environmental envelope defined by presences, (4) four different methods for incorporating spatial autocorrelation, and (5) the effect of integrating an interaction factor defined by a regression tree on the residuals of an initial environmental model.
Resource selection by sympatric free-ranging dairy cattle and brown bears Ursus arctos

Abstract Livestock depredation is an important factor that contributes to low public acceptance of large carnivores, and it is often used as an incentive to reduce large carnivore populations. In central Sweden, brown bears Ursus arctos coexist with a traditional cattle husbandry system that allows daytime free-ranging of dairy cattle. Despite a growing brown bear population, depredation on cattle remained stable during the last decade and is among the lowest rates reported worldwide. Nevertheless, major stakeholders argue for a substantial reduction in brown bear numbers, among other reasons, to safeguard the traditional husbandry system. Based on satellite tracking data, we assessed and correlated the resource selection of nine brown bears that were sympatric with six daytime free-ranging cattle herds during the free-ranging season (i.e. June-August) in 2008. We found a significant and negative relationship between resource selection of brown bears and free-ranging cattle during the study period, mainly because of inverse relationships between the species towards vegetation density and human-related infrastructure, such as forest roads, buildings and settlements. We predict that the probability of an encounter between these species, given that there is no directed predation, is highest in dense vegetation patches close to the human habitation-related variables. Because of the low reported depredation rates and the apparent habitat segregation between the species, our results provide no support for the argument to reduce brown bear numbers to safeguard the traditional cattle herding system.
KAISA VUORNOS DYNAMIC CULTURE OF HUMAN ADIPOSE STEM CELLS IN A FLOW PERFUSION BIOREACTOR

TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Master’s Degree Programme in Materials Engineering VUORNOS, KAISA: Dynamic culture of human adipose stem cells in a flow perfusion bioreactor Master’s thesis, 75 pages November 2016 Major: Materials Engineering Examiner: Professor Minna Kellomäki and Kaarlo Paakinaho, PhD Supervisor: Docent Suvi Haimi
WHAT DRIVES EXPORT SURVIVAL? AN ANALYSIS OF EXPORT DURATION IN LATIN AMERICA

Statistical techniques from survival analysis have recently been applied to explore the duration of trade relationships (Besedes and Prusa, 2006a, 2006b, 2007). Among the findings from this new literature is that trade relationships are remarkably brief. In this paper we provide evidence confirming that export relationships are in general short-lived but that significant differences across regions exist with Latin America exhibiting lower export survival rates than the US, the EU and East Asia, among others. Counterfactual exercises show that raising export survival rates in Latin America to the levels observed in other regions can produce fairly large increases in exports over the long run. In the second part of the paper we test a battery of possible correlates of trade duration to analyze what factors help explain the differences in survival rates. The findings point to a number of aspects with potential policy implications for the countries in Latin America. JEL No. F1 Key word: Survival, duration, export growth, specialization
A Methodology to Model the Integrated Nature of the Sustainable Development Goals: Importance for Engineering Education

There are 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), comprised of 169 targets and measured by 230 indicators, that cover a myriad of development areas including food, water, sanitation, energy, governance, and climate change, and more. Engineers interested in contributing to the SDGs must be able to understand not only each goal in depth but also their integrated nature. This paper first emphasizes the importance of: (i) incorporating the SDGs in engineering education; (ii) making engineers aware of their contribution to the SDGs; and (iii) encouraging engineers to embrace a new systems-thinking mindset to address the SDGs in an integrated manner. The second part of this paper proposes an engineering analytical cross-impact analysis approach to quantify the interactions among the SDGs and organize and prioritize the goals that could most impact the others. Our analysis shows that focusing on SDGs 04 (Education), 06 (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene), 07 (Energy), 11 (Cities), but especially 12 (Consumption), 16 (Governance), and 17 (Partnerships), will influence the other goals and aid in their success. It was also found that focusing on eliminating poverty (SDG 01), counter-intuitively, worsens poverty, since it inhibits the other goals on which poverty depends on.
Deriving probabilistic based climate scenarios using pattern scaling and statistically downscaled data

This paper adopts a technique common in the dynamical climate modelling literature, that of pattern scaling, and applies it to previously available statistically downscaled station level data for Ireland for two climatically relevant variables, that of temperature and precipitation. This technique allows for the rapid development of climate scenarios for additional emissions scenarios not previously available from the GCM modelling centres. Having derived the end of century (2080s) change in both these variables for four marker emissions scenarios (A1FI, A2, B2, B1), regional response rates, or the regional rate of warming per °C global warming at each station, were calculated. The estimated ranges in regional responses at each station were then compared to regional response rates for the Irish ‘grid box’ derived from a larger sample of 14 GCMs, in order to determine if the calculated response rates were illustrative of a wider suite of GCMs. A Monte Carlo (MC) resampling approach was then employed to sample regional response rates for selected stations and for different estimates of future warming. On the basis of the MC approach, probability distribution functions (pdfs) of simulated changes in temperature and precipitation were constructed and compared to the original statistically downscaled data. The methodology and results presented represent a significant contribution to the traditional approach of statistical downscaling through the development of associated likelihoods, rather than just a change in the mean value. While the methodology presented should enable the rapid development of probabilistic based climate projections, based on a limited availability of downscaled climate scenarios, caution needs to be exercised in the interpretation of the results. While they provide a basis for risk or policy assessment, estimates of the level of risk are not independent of the method employed.
Relational aggression in adolescents at School in selected Schools in Lusaka Urban

Background: School bullying and aggression among children and adolescents have been a source of concern for many researchers globally in the past few decades. Limited research exists regarding relational aggression, largely because research has focused historically on direct verbal and physical aggression, which is more commonly perpetrated by boys. Methodology: The aim of the study was to explore relational aggression in selected schools of Lusaka. This was achieved by exploring the prevalence and assessing gender differences in relational aggression and evaluating the relation between relational aggression and the psychological wellbeing of perpetrators. This was a cross-sectional study. A sample of 86 (51%) boys and 84 (49%) girls in grades 6 and 8 was recruited from Lusaka urban schools. Measures used were Peer Experiences Questionnaire and self-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Youth version. Results: Results from the study show that relational aggression is prevalent in the selected schools with boys and girls reporting involvement in relational aggression at least once or a few times in a month. More than a third (36 %) of participants reported high involvement in relational aggression. Gender difference in relational aggression was not significant. A significant positive relationship existed between relational aggression and psychological well-being of perpetrators with perpetrators showing more conduct problems, peer problems and hyperactivity. Conclusion: The study concluded that relational aggression was prevalent in the selected schools, boys and girls engaged in relational aggression to the same degree and relational aggression was related to psychological well-being of perpetrators. An antibullying policy and counselling interventions should be developed to address relational aggression in schools.