Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Service Scripts on Customer Citizenship Behavior and the Moderating Role of Employee Customer Orientation

Service scripts are behavioral and verbal prescriptions used in many organizations as a way of standardizing employees’ behaviors during their interactions with customers. Yet, they have rarely been studied empirically. There are mixed suggestions in the literature about the beneficial vs. detrimental effects of service scripts. Based on social exchange and citizenship behavior theories, this study investigates whether the relationship between service scripts and an important customer outcome, customer citizenship behavior (CCB), depends on employees’ level of customer orientation. Based on 285 matched dyads of employees and customers from a variety of service organizations, the study found that when service scripts are performed by employees with low customer orientation, service scripts have more detrimental effects on CCB in terms of reducing the propensity among customers to provide unsolicited feedback and their intentions to return to the service firm. There was also support for the mediating role of perceived service quality in accounting for these contingent relationships. These findings contribute to the literature on managing employee behavior and CCB.
I'll Marry You If You Get Me a Job: Marital Assimilation and Immigrant Employment Rates

Marriage to a native has a theoretically ambiguous impact on immigrant employment rates. Utilizing 2000 U.S. Census data, this paper empirically tests whether and how marriage choice affects the probability that an immigrant is employed. Results from an ordinary least squares model controlling for the usual measures of human capital and immigrant assimilation suggest that marriage to a native increases an immigrant's employment probability by approximately four percentage points. The estimated impact of marriage to a native increases to 11 percentage points in models which take into account the endogeneity of the intermarriage decision.
Visible Lesion Thresholds with Pulsewidth , Spot Size Dependency and model Predictionsfor 1 . 54 UM Near-Ir Laser Pulses Pentetrating Porcine Skin

Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 222024302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) 2. REPORT TYPE Journal Article 3. DATES COVERED (From To) 2005 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): Morphological transformation of galaxies across the green valley

We explore constraints on the joint photometric and morphological evolution of typical low redshift galaxies as they move from the blue cloud through the green valley and onto the red sequence. We select GAMA survey galaxies with 10.25 < log(M*/M⊙) < 10.75 and z < 0.2 classified according to their intrinsic u* − r* colour. From single component Sersic fits, we find that the stellar mass-sensitive K −band profiles of red and green galaxy populations are very similar, while g −band profiles indicate more disk-like morphologies for the green galaxies: apparent (optical) morphological differences arise primarily from radial mass-to-light ratio variations. Two-component fits show that most green galaxies have significant bulge and disk components and that the blue to red evolution is driven by colour change in the disk. Together, these strongly suggest that galaxies evolve from blue to red through secular disk fading and that a strong bulge is present prior to any decline in star formation. The relative abundance of the green population implies a typical timescale for traversing the green valley ∼1 − 2 Gyr and is independent of environment, unlike that of the red and blue populations. While environment likely plays a role in triggering the passage across the green valley, it appears to have little effect on time taken. These results are consistent with a green valley population dominated by (early type) disk galaxies that are insufficiently supplied with gas to maintain previous levels of disk star formation, eventually attaining passive colours. No single event is needed quench their star formation.
Evaluation of participation and poverty levels of National FADAMA III development project rural farm women in Gombe State, Nigeria.

Participation and poverty levels of rural farm women farmers of National Fadama III in Gombe State, Nigeria were studied and evaluated in 2013. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used in the selection of 180 participating rural women farmers. Instrument for data collection was through a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and poverty gap analysis. The study revealed that 43.33% of participating rural women farmers were aged between 36-45 years, 48.33% acquired secondary education, while 29.44% cultivated on farm sizes ranging between 3.1-4.0 hectares. The result showed that the participating rural farm-women were actively involved in crop and livestock sub-component technology with mean ratings of 2.79 and 2.69 respectively. The poverty gap analyses showed that 68.33% of participating Fadama III rural farm-women was poor and require 36.56% of their poverty line to get out of poverty. The study therefore recommends timely supply of farm inputs by the project to farmers, prompt payment of counterpart funds by relevant agencies and replication of the project to other communities to reduce rural poverty in the state
Directing Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene: Fundamentals and Parallel Device Integration using Dielectrophoresis

The dielectrophoretic integration of carbon nanostructures for parallel sensor assembly is reported in the present thesis. The aim is to provide a viable avenue to ensure continuous miniaturization toward nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), driven by cost reduction, enhanced device functionality, and improved energy efficiency. It is proposed to employ directed assembly of high-symmetry low-dimensional materials, while always allowing parallel integration. For this purpose, the electrokinetic framework of dielectrophoretic deposition devices is first developed, in order to understand and exploit the occurrence and interaction of the different underlying effects in capacitively coupled systems when moving nano-sized particles to desired locations. In the following, a method for dispersing surface-synthesized individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in ultrapure and long-term stable aqueous solutions by low energy input is introduced, which is necessary for the successful high-yield dielectrophoretic deposition of these one-dimensional carbon nanostructures. Electrical characterization on 223 low-resistance devices evidences the high quality of the SWNT solutions, raw material and contact interface. Subsequently, the dielectrophoretic separation of individual metallic SWNTs from heterogeneous solutions is proven. Their simultaneous deposition between electrodes is confirmed by direct electric transport measurements. A threshold separation frequency of 188 MHz is extracted from a surface-conductivity model and a conductivity weighting factor introduced to elucidate the separation frequency dependence. To show the versatility of the introduced methods, the parallel integration of SWNT based piezoresistive pressure sensors is demonstrated. Carbon nanotubes are dielectrophoretically placed at the membrane edges, the positions of largest strain. Highest sensitivity of the long-term stable devices is achieved in the off-state of small band gap carbon nanotubes (SGS-SWNTs), reaching values as high as S0 ∼ 0.25 ∆R/R/bar, at a resolution better than 50 mbar, and power consumption of less than 40 nW. In the end, the dielectrophoretic integration of singleand fewlayered graphenes, two-dimensional carbon nanostructures, is demonstrated. The above accomplishments allow new approaches to counter ongoing miniaturization efforts. Low cost solution based technologies are capable of assembling functional transducer elements up to 3 orders of magnitude smaller than the current state of the art while enhancing sensor resolution and significantly reducing drive current requirements.
Flow-cytometric quanti fi cation of microbial cells on sand from water bio fi lters

Rapid quantification of absolute microbial cell abundances is important for a comprehensive interpretation of microbiome surveys and crucial to support theoretical modelling and the design of engineered systems. In this paper, we propose a protocol specifically optimised for the quantification of microbial abundances in water biofilters using flow cytometry (FCM). We optimised cell detachment from sand biofilter particles for FCM quantification through the evaluation of five chemical dispersants (NaCl, Triton-X100, CaCl2, sodium pyrophosphate (PP), Tween 80 combined with PP), different mechanical pretreatments (low and high energy sonication and shaking) and two fixation methods (glutaraldehyde and ethanol). The developed protocol was cross-compared using other established and commonly employed methods for biomass quantification in water filter samples (adenosine triphosphate (ATP) quantification, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and volatile solids (VS)). The highest microbial count was obtained by detaching the biofilm from biofilter grains and dispersing clusters into singles cells using Tween 80 and sodium pyrophosphate combined with four steps of high energy sonication (27W, for 80 s each step); glutaraldehyde was shown to be the best fixative solution. The developed protocol was reliable and highly reproducible and produced results that are comparable to data from alternative quantification methods. Indeed, high correlations were found with trends obtained through ATP and qPCR (r1⁄4 0.98 and r1⁄4 0.91) measurements. The VS content was confirmed as an inaccurate method to express biomass in sand samples since it correlated poorly with all the other three methods (r1⁄4 0.005 with FCM, 0.002 with ATP and 0.177 with qPCR). FCM and ATP showed the strongest agreement between absolute counts with a slope of the correlation equal to 0.7, while qPCR seemed to overestimate cell counts by a factor of ten. The rapidity and reproducibility of the method developed make its application ideal for routine quantification of microbial cell abundances on sand from water biofilters and thus useful in revealing the ecological patterns and quantifying the metabolic kinetics involved in such systems. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Mechanical Responses of Copper Bicrystalline Micro Pillars with Σ3 Coherent Twin Boundaries by Uniaxial Compression Tests

Two types of bicrystalline micro pillars (BCMs) involving ­3 coherent twin boundaries along the pillar axis and single-crystalline micro pillars of two grains constituting the BCMs were fabricated in an oxygen-free copper sample by focused ion beam milling. These pillars were compressed using a nanoindenter to investigate slip transfer across grain boundary (GB). Referring their stress­strain (SS) curves, the possible slip systems were resolved from scanning electron microscope images after deformation and GB interaction criteria with the three largest Schmid factors (SFs) of each grain and the geometric relationship of intersections between the slip planes and the GB. The quite different SS behaviors were observed in the two types of BCMs, of which one was the unstable elastic-almost perfect plastic deformation due to large strain bursts and the other was work-hardening accompanying several small strain bursts. The slip transfer analyses suggest that the slip directions of both grains with the maximum SF are almost parallel to GB plane to the former behavior, and the combination of three slip systems from both grains produces the terraced hardening with repeated slipping across GB and piling-up against GB to the latter. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.MA201312]
Transport of relativistic electrons at shocks in shell-type supernova remnants: diffusive and superdiffusive regimes

Context. Understanding the transport properties of energetic particles in the presence of magnetic turbulence is crucial for interpreting observations of supernova remnants (SNR) and for assessing the cosmic-ray acceleration mechanism. Aims. We aim at obtaining information on the transport regimes of energetic electrons upstream and downstream of SNR blast waves by studying the X-ray rims. Methods. We considered emission profiles expected when synchrotron energy losses dominate, normal diffusion (typically causing an exponential decay), and superdiffusion (causing a power-law decay) for a spherically symmetric model. Then we compared the model profiles, projected on the plane of the sky, with Chandra observations of supernova (SN)1006 and Tycho’s SN. Results. Our study shows that downstream of the blast wave the observed profile is exponentially cut-off due to synchrotron energy losses in the amplified and shock compressed magnetic field present. Upstream of the blast wave and close to the shock, the observed profile of SN1006 is well reproduced by electron diffusion in the Bohm regime. However, the long X-ray tail far upstream of the shock is better explained by considering a change in the energetic electrons’ transport regime, that appears to become superdiffusive and gives rise to a power law intensity profile on scales over which the magnetic field strength can be assumed to be constant. Similar results are obtained for Tycho, although in this case the nonlinear effects associated with particle acceleration appear to be stronger close to the shock. Conclusions. The analysis of Chandra observations of the X-ray thin rims of SN1006 and of Tycho’s SN, SN 1572, can be well explained assuming normal diffusion in the vicinity of the blast wave and superdiffusion far upstream, similarly to what has been found for particles accelerated at interplanetary shocks. This suggests that anomalous transport is common in both interplanetary space and interstellar medium.
YIELD AND NUTRIENTS UPTAKE OF SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) AS INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENT LEVEL OF NITROGEN AND SULPHUR

An attempt was initiated during three consecutive rabi seasons during 2011-12 to 2013-14 at the farm of the Subdivision Adaptive Research Station, Nakasipara, Nadia, West Bengal, India to ascertain the response of nitrogen and sulphur on hybrid sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.). The experiment comprised four levels of nitrogen (50, 75, 100 and 125 kg N ha -1 ) and five levels of sulphur (0, 20, 30, 40, and 50 kg S ha -1 ) in factorial randomized block design replicated thrice. The seed yield increased significantly upto 100 kg Nha-1 (1816 kg ha -1 ) after that it declined. With the increasing level of sulphur, oil content (%) also increased. Application of sulphur upto 40 kg ha-1 increased the seed yield and thereafter it showed a decline trend indicating a quadratic fashion of response. Seed yield was found positively correlated with seeds capitulum -1 and 100-seed weight. Highest accumulation of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and potasiumwas in head as compared with stem, leaf and petioles.Application of nitrogen upto 100 kg ha-1 and sulphurupto 40 kg ha-1would be required to realize
Temporarily New: On Low Fertility and the Prospect of Pro-natal Policies

Concern about the low levels of fertility in Europe appears to be spreading. In political circles voices advocating the design and implementation of pro-natal policies are growing louder. The traditional fear of population decline is refuelled in numerous conference papers and at meetings specifically set up to let policymakers meet demographic experts. This paper aims to contribute to the discussion by arguing that just as in the 1930s, and in the early 1970s when fertility first dropped below replacement level, expressed concerns do not necessarily lead to pro-natal policies. After a brief discussion of the raisons d’etres of governments, and of the purposes and types of population policies, a series of propositions is presented that make it reasonable, at the very least understandable, that democratically elected governments act with great prudence in such matters. Their basic policy goals are not endangered and they are faced with other more serious priorities. Europe’s past has mainly yielded lamentable examples, the position of national administrations vis-a-vis their population has changed so that fertility is largely beyond governmental control, and it is probably wrong to assume that the common difference between mean desired family size and completed family size is essentially due to the lack of support for families. It is concluded that concern about numbers may be a temporary phenomenon and that in many ways it makes more sense for governments to invest heavily in the children that are being born.
Comparative Study of the Effects of Drying Methods on Antioxidant Activity of Dried Strawberry (Fragaria Var. Camarosa)

Hot air drying (HAD), freeze-drying (FD), and swell-drying (SD, coupling instant controlled pressure drop, DIC, to standard hot air) were applied to strawberries (Fragaria var. Camarosa). The total phenol, total flavonoid, and total anthocyanin contentswere evaluated versusthe drying methods. The correlations between the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity were investigated. The obtained results showed that the differences in phenol levels were no quite comparing the three drying techniques; however, great variations were reported for anthocyanin and flavonoid content. A strong correlation between the antioxidant activity and anthocyanin content was found in SD strawberries. Also, it was observed that saturated steam pressure (P) of DIC texturing operation, had a significant effect on the studied parameters compared to the thermal holding time (t). The optimum conditions of DIC were P = 0.35 MPa for t = 10 s to obtain the highest levels of phenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, as well as antioxidant activity.
Cyber Scam Artists: A New Kind of .con

Scam Artists have been around for centuries. Time progressed and technological innovations emerged and so have a new breed of con artist; the online fraudster. Utilizing various aspects and tools of the Internet, the online fraudster has become more successful then ever in defrauding a large target audience. So successful, that the issue has been the subject of much concern in recent years. Although, much is being done on multiple levels of government and within the public and private sectors, online fraud is still con.
Assessing the conservation status of soil‐dwelling vertebrates: Insights from the rediscovery of Typhlops uluguruensis (Reptilia: Serpentes: Typhlopidae)

Abstract Soil‐dwelling amphibians and reptiles are relatively poorly studied and understood. Difficulties in sampling these taxa in their subterranean habitats might impede assessments of their conservation status. We explore this issue with a case study of the burrowing scolecophidian snake Typhlops uluguruensis, endemic to the Uluguru Mountains in the Eastern Arc of Tanzania. Despite recent standard faunistic surveys, there have been no reported sightings or collections of T. uluguruensis since the type series of four specimens was collected in 1926. Intensive replacement of forest by agriculture in the vicinity of the type locality had led to concern about the conservation status of this and other species. We report the rediscovery of T. uluguruensis in low intensity agriculture adjacent to human habitation, and close to the type locality. We compare the new material with the type series, and discuss the implications of this rediscovery for conservation assessments of small, soil‐dwelling lower vertebrates. We advise caution in determining conservation status when, as is usually the case, no special sampling of the soil has been carried out. Additionally, relatively neglected disturbed habitats should also be given more attention. Standard sampling methods for soil‐dwelling vertebrates need to be further developed and established.
Ozone sensitivity to varying greenhouse gases and ozone-depleting substances in CCMI-1 simulations

Abstract. Ozone fields simulated for the first phase of the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (CCMI-1) will be used as forcing data in the 6th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. Here we assess, using reference and sensitivity simulations produced for CCMI-1, the suitability of CCMI-1 model results for this process, investigating the degree of consistency amongst models regarding their responses to variations in individual forcings. We consider the influences of methane, nitrous oxide, a combination of chlorinated or brominated ozone-depleting substances, and a combination of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. We find varying degrees of consistency in the models' responses in ozone to these individual forcings, including some considerable disagreement. In particular, the response of total-column ozone to these forcings is less consistent across the multi-model ensemble than profile comparisons. We analyse how stratospheric age of air, a commonly used diagnostic of stratospheric transport, responds to the forcings. For this diagnostic we find some salient differences in model behaviour, which may explain some of the findings for ozone. The findings imply that the ozone fields derived from CCMI-1 are subject to considerable uncertainties regarding the impacts of these anthropogenic forcings. We offer some thoughts on how to best approach the problem of generating a consensus ozone database from a multi-model ensemble such as CCMI-1.
Contrasting the hydrologic response due to land cover and climate change in a mountain headwaters system

Land cover change due to drought and insect‐induced tree mortality or altered vegetation succession is one of the many consequences of anthropogenic climate change. While the hydrologic response to land cover change and increases in temperature have been explored independently, few studies have compared these two impacts in a systematic manner. These changes are particularly important in snow‐dominated, headwaters systems that provide streamflow for continental river systems. Here we study the hydrologic impacts of both vegetation change and climate warming along three transects in a mountain headwaters watershed using an integrated hydrologic model. Results show that while impacts due to warming generally outweigh those resulting from vegetation change, the inherent variability within the transects provides varying degrees of response. The combination of both vegetation change and warming results in greater changes to streamflow amount and timing than either impact individually, indicating a nonlinear response from these systems to multiple perturbations. The complexity of response underscores the need to integrate observational data and the challenge of deciphering hydrologic impacts from proxy studies.