Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Secondary Postpartum Haemorrhage

EDITORIAL COMMENT: This paper provides a useful review of the clinical features and management of secondary postpartum haemorrhage. Table 1A shows comparable statistics from an Australian hospital which the incidence was 2–3 times higher than the 0.5% reported by the authors from their hospital in Hong Kong. Since there are no predictive factors for secondary postpartum haemorrhage the important data concerns proper management. The high incidence of suction evacuation (87%) is noteworthy as was the authors' finding that the procedure stopped the bleeding in all 72 patients requiring this operation. The 1 case of uterine perforation serves as a reminder that the uterus may be soft and friable in these patients. Hysterectomy is seldom required in patients with secondary postpartum haemorrhage but when it is necessary, an experienced surgeon is required, since it is often difficult to secure haemostasis, and ligation of internal iliac arteries may be necessary. The 1 subtotal hysterectomy required in this series was performed before secondary postpartum haemorrhage occurred. The 3 other useful pieces of information provided in this Hong Kong series were that 24% of patients required blood transfusion, that bacteriology although useful on occasions was positive in only 12% of patients, and that histologically proven placental tissue was obtained at suction evacuation in 42% of patients — oedematous decidua is often macroscopically mistaken for placental tissue at the time of surgery in these patients.
The tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3, A20) imposes a brake on antitumor activity of CD8 T cells

Significance Mechanisms controlling immune reactivity prevent excessive inflammation and autoimmunity, but generally dampen antitumor activity. The tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 gene encoding the A20 protein, a key molecule controlling NF-κB activation, has been linked to the development of multiple inflammatory pathologies in humans, some of which are recapitulated in mice with selective deletion of A20 in myeloid, dendritic, or B cells. Here, mice with selective deletion of A20 in mature conventional T cells presented no detectable pathology. CD8 T cells from these mice showed increased antigen sensitivity with enhanced production of IL-2 and IFNγ. Importantly, A20-deleted CD8 T cells possessed heightened antitumor activity in vivo. Targeting this gene in adoptively transferred CD8 T cells could represent a promising mechanism to achieve tumor rejection. The transcription factor NF-κB is central to inflammatory signaling and activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Activation of the NF-κB pathway is tightly controlled by several negative feedback mechanisms, including A20, an ubiquitin-modifying enzyme encoded by the tnfaip3 gene. Mice with selective deletion of A20 in myeloid, dendritic, or B cells recapitulate some human inflammatory pathology. As we observed high expression of A20 transcripts in dysfunctional CD8 T cells in an autochthonous melanoma, we analyzed the role of A20 in regulation of CD8 T-cell functions, using mice in which A20 was selectively deleted in mature conventional T cells. These mice developed lymphadenopathy and some organ infiltration by T cells but no splenomegaly and no detectable pathology. A20-deleted CD8 T cells had increased sensitivity to antigen stimulation with production of large amounts of IL-2 and IFNγ, correlated with sustained nuclear expression of NF-κB components reticuloendotheliosis oncogene c-Rel and p65. Overexpression of A20 by retroviral transduction of CD8 T cells dampened their intratumor accumulation and antitumor activity. In contrast, relief from the A20 brake in NF-κB activation in adoptively transferred antitumor CD8 T cells led to improved control of melanoma growth. Tumor-infiltrating A20-deleted CD8 T cells had enhanced production of IFNγ and TNFα and reduced expression of the inhibitory receptor programmed cell death 1. As manipulation of A20 expression in CD8 T cells did not result in pathologic manifestations in the mice, we propose it as a candidate to be targeted to increase antitumor efficiency of adoptive T-cell immunotherapy.
A portable x-ray fluorescence instrument for analyzing dust wipe samples for lead: evaluation with field samples.

Dust wipe samples collected in the field were tested by nondestructive X-ray fluorescence (XRF) followed by laboratory analysis with flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). Data were analyzed for precision and accuracy of measurement. Replicate samples with the XRF show high precision with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.97 (P<0.0001) and an overall coefficient of variation of 11.6%. Paired comparison indicates no statistical difference (P=0.272) between XRF and FAAS analysis. Paired samples are highly correlated with an R(2) ranging between 0.89 for samples that contain paint chips and 0.93 for samples that do not contain paint chips. The ICC for absolute agreement between XRF and laboratory results was 0.95 (P<0.0001). The relative error over the concentration range of 25 to 14,200 microgram Pb is -12% (95% CI, -18 to -5). The XRF appears to be an excellent method for rapid on-site evaluation of dust wipes for clearance and risk assessment purposes, although there are indications of some confounding when paint chips are present.
Nutrition and Acne: Therapeutic Potential of Ketogenic Diets

The influence of nutrition on skin health is a growing research area but the findings of various studies on the effect of diet on the development of acne have often been contradictory. The general opinion among researchers has oscillated between two different, opposing positions: that diet either is or is not a key factor for acne development. This review examines the evidence supporting an influence of various dietary components on the development of acne particularly focusing on the role played by carbohydrates. The physiological and biochemical effects of the ketogenic diet are examined from this perspective and mechanisms will be proposed via which this type of diet could have a role in the treatment of acne.
ARCHAEOLOGY OF CYPRUS

stylistic changes to seals during Protoand Neo-palatial Crete. She subtly highlights that the majority of seals at the Ashmolean — having been selected by Evans himself — represent ‘the cream of Cretan seal-engraving’ and that more ‘“ordinary” seals are underrepresented’ (p. 153). This is an under-representation further compounded in the gallery, for example, there is a marked discrepancy between the 60 three-sided prism seals held by the museum and the two on display (p. 157). Hughes-Brock nicely weaves through various iconographic and material changes to seals and rings, highlighting the better-known stylistic groups and pieces, including the questionable ‘Nestor Ring’. The chapter is illustrated by very high-quality images which enhance her discussion. Throughout, significant effort has been invested in overall cohesion and interreferencing images, which are supplied with informative captions. There are some remarkable archival images of the Knossos excavations at the turn of the twentieth century (especially figs 40–4). Yet the volume is not without oversights. There are missed opportunities to convey meaningfully the relative scale of artefacts which were instead turned into pagefillers (such as figs 160–1), and several small typographical errors (figs 187, 261, 327). However, these do not detract from the volume which on the whole is well-illustrated, wellwritten and accessible. The essays vary in nuance and flavour, to some extent betraying the mismatched conceptions of individual scholars as to what constitutes writing for a general audience. However, this has the effect of creating a multi-vocal volume, unified in the shared goal of making the Ashmolean Aegean collections accessible and intelligible to the broader public. Even though the volume is primarily a companion guide written to illuminate the objects in its eponymous gallery, it also operates well as a stand-alone introductory text for casual Aegeanists.
Reconfigurable Adaptive Singular Value Decomposition Engine Design for High-Throughput MIMO-OFDM Systems

Singular value decomposition (SVD) is an optimal method to obtain spatial multiplexing gain in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) channels. However, the high cost of implementation and high decomposing latency of the SVD restricts its usage in current wireless communication applications. In this paper, we present a complete adaptive SVD algorithm and a reconfigurable architecture for high-throughput MIMO-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems. There are several proposed architectural design techniques: reconfigurable scheme, division-free adaptive step size scheme, early termination scheme, and data interleaving scheme. The reconfigurable scheme can support all antenna configurations in a MIMO system. The division-free adaptive step size and early termination schemes are used to effectively reduce the decomposing latency and improve hardware utilization. The data interleaving scheme helps to deal with several channel matrices concurrently. Besides, we propose an orthogonal reconstruction scheme to obtain more accurate SVD outputs, and then the system performance will be greatly enhanced. We apply our SVD design to the IEEE 802.11 n applications. This design is implemented and fabricated in UMC 90 nm 1P9M CMOS technology. The maximum operating frequency is measured to be at 101.2 MHz, and the corresponding power dissipation is at 125 mW. The core size is 2.17 mm2 and the die size occupies 4.93 mm2. The chip result shows that the average latency is only 0.33% of the wireless local area network coherence time. Hence, the proposed reconfigurable adaptive SVD engine design is very suitable for high-throughput wireless communication applications.
SPECT Image Quality and Quantification

Accurate reconstruction methods for SPECT are a pre-requirement for absolute tracer quantification. Exact activity numbers can be extracted from SPECT images by use of iterative reconstruction with appropriate corrections for attenuation, scatter and detector resolution. We have developed an analytical model for SPECT image generation, including attenuation, scatter and reconstruction by filtered back-projection (FBP). Image quality is described in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). MatLab simulations were added to include an evaluation of ordered-subset expectation maximization (OSEM) as an example of statistical reconstruction, and for a quantitative assessment of lesion signal recovery. As expected, classical reconstruction without attenuation or scatter correction provides incorrect contrast values, and standard corrections like the Chang method cannot mitigate this problem. Statistical reconstruction allows implementing all corrections and results in better image quality than FBP. Our analysis shows, however, that for adequate signal recovery the contrast-to-noise ratio for OSEM is the same as for FBP. We explain the trade-off between SPECT image quality and quantification by describing reconstruction in terms of signal power spectra (SPS), noise power spectra (NPS) and detective quantum efficiency (DQE).
Relationship between 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) dose intensity and therapeutic response in patients with advanced colorectal cancer receiving infusional therapy containing 5‐FU

A phase II prospective trial was carried out to study the concept of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) dose‐intensity in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Forty patients were treated with 5‐FU plus leucovorin (LV), with individually increasing doses of 5‐FU. A 5‐FU pharmacokinetic follow up was performed and a relationship was sought between its metabolism and its response to treatment, and between 5‐FU's toxicity and patient survival.
Bet-hedging as a complex interaction among developmental instability, environmental heterogeneity, dispersal, and life-history strategy

One potential evolutionary response to environmental heterogeneity is the production of randomly variable offspring through developmental instability, a type of bet-hedging. I used an individual-based, genetically explicit model to examine the evolution of developmental instability. The model considered both temporal and spatial heterogeneity alone and in combination, the effect of migration pattern (stepping stone vs. island), and life-history strategy. I confirmed that temporal heterogeneity alone requires a threshold amount of variation to select for a substantial amount of developmental instability. For spatial heterogeneity only, the response to selection on developmental instability depended on the life-history strategy and the form and pattern of dispersal with the greatest response for island migration when selection occurred before dispersal. Both spatial and temporal variation alone select for similar amounts of instability, but in combination resulted in substantially more instability than either alone. Local adaptation traded off against bet-hedging, but not in a simple linear fashion. I found higher-order interactions between life-history patterns, dispersal rates, dispersal patterns, and environmental heterogeneity that are not explainable by simple intuition. We need additional modeling efforts to understand these interactions and empirical tests that explicitly account for all of these factors.
Protein Kinase Activity Associated with the Extracellular and Occluded Forms of the Baculovirus Autographa californica Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus

Protein kinase activity is associated with both the extracellular and the occluded forms of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, a baculovirus. Serine and threonine are the predominant amino acids phosphorylated by the kinase activity associated with both viral forms; no phosphotyrosine was detected. The addition of calcium, cAMP, or cGMP has no apparent effect on the amount of phosphorylation or the substrates phosphorylated.
Plasmids in Streptococcus lactis: evidence that lactose metabolism and proteinase activity are plasmid linked

Populations of lactose positive (Lac+) and proteinase positive (Prt+) cells from Streptococcus lactis M18, C10, and ML3 grown at 39 degrees C gave rise to increasing proportions of Lac- Prt- clones. The deficiencies did not appear until after a number of generations at the elevated temperature, and the rate depended on the strain.Lac- Prt+ and Lac+ Prt- mutants were isolated after treatment with ethidium bromide. Plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid was isolated by cesium chloride-ethidium bromide equilibrium density gradient centrifugation from the parent cultures as well as from their Lac- Prt-, Lac- Prt+, and Lac+ Prt- mutants. Five distinct plasmid sizes of approximate molecular weights of 2,4, 8, 21, and 27 million were found in S. lactis C10, whereas the Lac- Prt- derivative lacked the 8- and 21-million-dalton plasmids, but the 8-million-dalton plasmid was present in the Lac-Att mutant. In S. lactis m18 five plasmids possessing molecular weights of about 2, 4, 10, 18 and 27 million were observed. The 10- and 18-million-dalton plasmids were not detected in the Lac- Prt- mutants, whereas the Lac- Prt+ derivative lacked only the 18-million-dalton plasmid and the Lac+ Prt- mutant lacked only the 10-million-dalton plasmid. In S. lactis ML3 five distinct plasmids, with approximate molecular weights of 2, 4, 8, 22, and 30 million, were present. The 8- and 22-million-dalton plasmids were not detected in the Lac- Prt- derivative, but the 8-million-dalton plasmid was present in the Lac- Prt+ mutant. The evidence suggests that lactose-fermenting ability and proteinase activity in these organisms are mediated through two distinct plasmids having molecular weights of 8 x 10(6) to 10 x 10(6) for proteinase activity and 18 x 10(6) to 22 x 10(6) for lactose metabolism.
Experimental induction of bacterial gastritis and gastric ulcer disease in gnotobiotic swine inoculated with porcine Helicobacter-like species.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether 2 isolates of recently isolated swine-origin Helicobacter pylori-like bacteria are pathogenic in pigs and compare the signs of gastric disease induced by these isolates with those detected in H pylori- and Helicobacter heilmannii-infected pigs. ANIMALS 36 neonatal gnotobiotic pigs. PROCEDURE Groups of separately housed pigs were inoculated orally with swine-origin Helicobacter-like isolates 2662 or 1268, H pylori (human gastric pathogen), or a gastric homogenate from gnotobiotic swine containing H heilmannii. Noninoculated pigs were used as control animals. Clinical signs and development of homologous and heterologous antibodies against Helicobacter organisms were assessed. After euthanasia, gastric tissues were examined grossly and microscopically; Helicobacter organisms were detected by use of Warthin-Starry and immunohistochemical stains. RESULTS Both porcine Helicobacter-like isolates colonized the stomachs of swine. Isolate 2662 was highly pathogenic; in 13 isolate 2662-inoculated pigs, gastroesophageal ulcerations developed in 9 and ulceration of the gastric glandular mucosa was detected in 5. Histologically, inflammatory gastritis consisting of multifocal to diffuse lymphocytic and plasmacytic cellular infiltrates and lymphoid follicle formation in the gastric lamina propria accompanied bacterial colonization of the gastric compartment. In contrast, H heilmannii was minimally pathogenic in that only modest inflammatory cell infiltrates were seen. Gastroesophageal or mucosal ulcers were not evident in pigs inoculated with H heilmannii. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These data indicate that swine-origin H pylori-like bacteria can be pathogenic in pigs and suggest that porcine gastric disease may be mediated, in part, by colonization of the stomach by swine-origin H pylori-like bacteria.
FIRST LARVAL RECORD OF MESOCESTOIDES IN CARNIVORA OF TENERIFE (CANARY ISLANDS)

Larvae of Mesocestoides sp. were recovered in Tenerife (Canary Islands) in 2004 from the peritoneal cavities of 2 domestic dogs and a domestic cat. Morphological and molecular identification were carried out. Mesocestoides litteratus from Vulpes vulpes was sequenced for the first time using the ITS-2 region (18S rDNA), and was included in the phylogenetic analysis to compare the sequence variability among these and other Mesocestoides spp. belonging to different carnivores. Phylogenetic studies were carried out based on maximum parsimony and neighbor-joining analysis. The results showed the relationships between these and other previously published Mesocestoides species. Moreover, it is demonstrated that Mesocestoides sp. from Tenerife comprises a previously unreported sequence. This is the first larval record of Mesocestoides sp. in domestic animals from Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
The relationship of capital structure decisions with firm performance: A study of the engineering sector of Pakistan

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find the relationship of capital structure decision with the performance of the firms in the developing market economies like Pakistan. Methodology: Pooled Ordinary Least Square regression was applied to 36 engineering sector firms in Pakistani market listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) during the period 2003-2009. Findings: The results show that financial leverage measured by short term debt to total assets (STDTA) and total debt to total assets (TDTA) has a significantly negative relationship with the firm performance measured by Return on Assets (ROA), Gross Profit Margin (GM) and Tobin’s Q. The relationship between financial leverage and firm performance measured by the return on equity (ROE) is negative but insignificant. Asset size has an insignificant relationship with the firm performance measured by ROA and GM but negative and significant relationship exists with Tobin’s Q. Firms in the engineering sector of Pakistan are largely dependent on short term debt but debts are attached with strong covenants which affect the performance of the firm. Originality/Value: This is first paper to study an individual sector like engineering industry in Pakistan on the mentioned topic.
Investigation of the Mechanisms Involved in the High-Dose and Long-Term Acetyl Salicylic Acid Therapy of Type I Diabetic Rats

Diabetes mellitus has been classified as a conformational disease because of changes induced in the structure and function of proteins due to hyperglycemia. In this study, we investigated the effect of high-dose and long-term use of acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) on the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats as a model of type I diabetes, with consideration on the structure and/or function of proteins. The N-[methylnitrosocarbamoyl]-d-glucosamine (streptozotocin)-induced diabetic rats together with the normal rats were studied for 5 months with and without receiving 100 mg/kg ASA in drinking water. All rats were investigated from different aspects such as heat shock protein (HSP) 70 level, serum glucose and insulin concentration, advanced glycated end product (AGE) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) formation, lipid profile, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) functionality (paraoxonase1 and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activities), and the antioxidant system. In addition, the in vitro effect of ASA on the structure of albumin as a model protein was studied in the presence of glucose by spectroscopic techniques such as fluorometry and circular dichroism. The results show that ASA therapy causes a decrease in the glucose level and AGE and HbA1c formation, improves the lipid profile, HDL functionality, and the antioxidant capacity, induces serum HSP70, and overall decreases mortality of diabetic rats in comparison with the group without treatment. The conformation of glycated bovine serum albumin is different from the native form, and ASA retains the conformation of this protein similar to the native. The improving effect of ASA on diabetic rats is mostly due to its role as a chemopreventive agent in the structural conservation and protection of proteins involved in diabetes pathogenesis.
Treatment of intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck. With special reference to percutaneous Knowles pinning.

One thousand consecutive non-pathological intracapsular hip fractures, seen from 1961 to 1970, were analyzed. Of these, 754 were treated with Knowles pinning, and 160, with primary prosthetic replacement. An average of twenty-five months' follow-up was obtained in 70 per cent of the patients with Knowles pinning. The low in-hospital morbidity (7 per cent), mortality (1.3 per cent), and infection (0.5 per cent) rates in the patients who had Knowles pinnings were compared with the relatively high morbidity (24 per cent), mortality (11.3 per cent), and infection (16 per cent) rates in those who had primary femoral-head replacements. Fifteen per cent of the displaced fractures resulted in non-union and 12 per cent of the healed displaced fractures had significant segmental collapse. The purpose of this report is to emphasize the role of percutaneous Knowles pinning as a safe, simple, and reasonably effective method of treatment of most non-pathological intracapsular hip fractures. Our technique of percutaneous Knowles pinning is described and the development of the Knowles pin is reviewed.