Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Job demands × job control interaction effects: do occupation-specific job demands increase their occurrence?

Despite evidence that the accurate assessment of occupational health should include measures of both generic job demands and occupation-specific job demands, most research includes only generic job demands. The inclusion of more focused occupation-specific job demands is suggested to explain a larger proportion of variance for both direct effects and job demands × job control/support interaction effects, as compared with the inclusion of generic job demands. This research tested these two propositions via a self-report survey assessing key psychological job characteristics administered twice to a sample of correctional workers (N = 746). The research clearly identified that the assessment of correctional-specific job demands (CJD) was more strongly associated with job satisfaction, work engagement, turnover intentions and psychological strain, as compared with an assessment of generic job demands. However, the CJD did not produce a greater proportion of significant job demands × job control/support interaction effects, as compared with the generic job demands measure. The results thereby provide further support for the acknowledged 'elusiveness' of these theoretical interactions. Overall, however, the results did support the inclusion of occupation-specific measures of job demands for the accurate assessment of the health and job performance of high-risk workers. The implications for theoretical discussions that describe how high job demands are moderated by job resources are discussed.
Do oncologists discuss expensive anti-cancer drugs with their patients?

BACKGROUND In Australia, some anti-cancer drugs are only available at significant financial cost to patients. We sought the views and practices of Australian medical oncologists regarding discussion of high cost drugs (HCDs). PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A postal survey was mailed to all 274 members of the Medical Oncology Group of Australia. Three clinical scenarios described HCDs associated with either improved overall survival, encouraging response rate in a treatment-refractory cancer, or a scenario with improved treatment tolerability. Participants were asked about their discussion and prescription of HCDs. RESULTS There was a 78% response rate. Most respondents were male (71%), worked in a metropolitan practice (87%) and spent more than 50% of their working time in patient care (87%). Forty-eight percent had previously prescribed a HCD. In the three scenarios, respondents would generally prescribe the drug if it were subsidised, however, between 28% and 41% (depending on the scenario) would not mention the HCD if it were not subsidised. Major reasons for not mentioning the HCD were concerns that discussion would 'worry the patient' or that the doctor would 'feel bad'. CONCLUSIONS Despite literature suggesting that patients wish to be well informed and active participants in decision making, the practice of a significant percentage of Australian medical oncologists may prevent this.
Age-Related Concerns of Male Veteran Callers to a Suicide Crisis Line

In July 2007, the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) partnered with the Department of Health and Human Services’ Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration (SAMHSA) to create the Veterans Crisis Line (VCL) in order to meet the unique needs of Veterans in distress. The current study utilized a mixed methods design to examine characteristics of male callers to the VCL. Results from qualitative analyses demonstrated that the majority of callers between April 1 and August 31, 2008 contacted the VCL with concerns related to mental health issues, suicide ideation, and substance abuse issues. Quantitative analyses demonstrated age differences associated with concerns presented by callers such that middle-aged and older callers were more likely to present with loneliness and younger callers were more likely to present with mental health concerns. The results of this study will help to inform future research designed to optimize the effectiveness of the VCL for suicide prevention in Veterans.
Lipid Screening in HIV-Infected Veterans

BackgroundLipid screening is recommended for patients taking protease inhibitors (PIs). MethodsWe examined data from the Veterans Administration Immunology Case Registry to assess lipid screening among HIV-infected veterans who received PIs for at least 6 consecutive months during 1999 and 2001. We estimated crude and adjusted associations between lipid screening and patient characteristics (age, gender, HIV exposure, and race/ethnicity), comorbidities (AIDS, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and hyperlipidemia), and facility characteristics (urban location, case management, guidelines, and quality improvement programs). ResultsAmong 4065 patients on PIs, clinicians screened 2395 (59%) for lipids within 6 months of initiating treatment. Adjusting for patient characteristics, comorbidities, facility traits, and clustering, lipid screening was more common among patients who were cared for in urban areas (relative risk [RR] = 1.3, confidence limits: 1.0–1.5), diabetic (RR = 1.2, confidence limits: 1.1–1.3), or previously hyperlipidemic (RR = 1.4, confidence limits: 1.3–1.5) and less common among patients with a history of intravenous drug use (IVDU) (RR = 0.90, confidence limits: 0.79–1.0) or unknown HIV risk (RR = 0.85, confidence limits: 0.75–0.95). ConclusionsSix in 10 patients taking PIs receive lipid screening within 6 months of PI use. Systemic interventions to improve overall HIV quality of care should also address lipid screening, particularly among patients with unknown or IVDU HIV risk and those cared for in nonurban areas.
Incidence, site, and nature of injuries in amateur rugby league over three consecutive seasons

Objectives—To report the incidence, site, and nature of injuries in amateur rugby league over three consecutive seasons. Methods—Six hundred players registered with an amateur rugby league organisation were studied over three consecutive seasons. All injuries sustained during the amateur rugby league matches were recorded. Information recorded included the date and time of injury, name of injured player, anatomical site and nature of injury, and position of the player. Results—The incidence of injury was 160.6 per 1000 player-position game hours, with forwards having a significantly higher incidence of injury than backs (182.3 per 1000 v 142.0 per 1000, χ2 = 14.60, df = 1, p<0.001). Over 25% of the total injuries (40.6 per 1000) sustained during the three year period were to the head and neck, while injuries to the face (21.3 per 1000, 13.3%), abdomen and thorax (21.3 per 1000, 13.3%), and knee (17.8 per 1000, 11.1%) were less common (χ2 = 21.83, df = 8, p<0.01). Muscular injuries (haematomas and strains) were the most common type of injury (45.7 per 1000, 28.5%, χ2 = 17.98, df = 7, p<0.05). Significantly more injuries occurred in the latter stages of the season (χ2 = 22.94, df = 1, p<0.001), with most injuries (70.8%, χ2 = 162.29, df = 1, p<0.001) sustained in the second half of matches. Conclusions—The results show that muscular injuries and injuries to the head and neck are the most commonly sustained injuries in amateur rugby league. Furthermore, injuries are more often sustained in the latter stages of the season and during the second half of matches. These findings suggest that fatigue or accumulative microtrauma, or both, may contribute to injuries in amateur rugby league players.
Association between vitamin D and calcium intake and breast cancer risk according to menopausal status and receptor status in Japan

Although several studies have investigated the possible association between elevated vitamin D and calcium intake and low breast cancer risk, findings have been inconsistent. We conducted a case‐control study to clarify the association between vitamin D and calcium intake and breast cancer risk among pre‐ and post‐ menopausal women in Japan. We also investigated whether these effects were modified by tumor receptor status, specifically estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), or human epidermal growth factor receptor‐2 (HER2) status. We examined 1803 breast cancer patients and 3606 age‐ and menopausal status‐matched noncancer controls. Among cases, 713 were assessed for ER, PR, and HER2 status. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional or unconditional logistic models adjusted for potential confounders. A significant inverse association was observed between vitamin D and calcium intake and breast cancer risk among all subjects, with top quartile ORs of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.63–0.90; trend P = 0.001) and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.69–0.99; trend P = 0.038), respectively. In analyses stratified by menopausal status, a significant association between risk and vitamin D was observed only among premenopausal women (trend P < 0.001), whereas that between risk and calcium intake was seen only among postmenopausal women (trend P = 0.022). Heterogeneity by menopausal status for these associations was statistically significant. This association was modified by tumor receptor status. These findings suggest that the protective effects of vitamin D and calcium intake against breast cancer risk may differ by menopausal status and receptor status.
[Use of magnesium sulfate in anesthesiology].

UNLABELLED The objective of this study was to evaluate usage possibilities of magnesium sulfate in anesthesiology. METHODOLOGY In Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, Kaunas University of Medicine magnesium sulfate was started for use as an adjuvant to anesthetics. For anesthesia it was used in 20 cases. This review article presents the methodology based on which the magnesium sulfate anesthesia was given. Methodology was created using the data of international clinical trials. After anesthesia induction with thiopental (5 mg/kg) and fentanyl (2 mg/kg), patients were given shock-dose injection (30-50 mg/kg) of MgSO4; also continual infusion through syringe pump at 500 mg/h was given for total duration of 20 hours. The state of patients during anesthesia was evaluated based on hemodynamic readings: arterial blood pressure, heart rate and functional oxygen saturation in the arterial blood (SpO2). RESULTS Data on importance of magnesium sulfate for anesthesia is currently in process, however it was determined that when magnesium sulfate is used for anesthesia, the smaller doses of fentanyl and myorelaxants are needed. The last dose of fentanyl before the end of anesthesia is injected at the similar interval as in cases when magnesium is not used. CONCLUSIONS Even though the precise data is not available yet, we can conclude that when magnesium sulfate is used as an adjuvant for anesthesia, the reduced doses of painkiller medicines are needed and their action is strengthened. In addition, magnesium does not prolong the activity of painkiller substances.
Hodgkin's lymphoma cell lines are characterized by frequent aberrations on chromosomes 2p and 9p including REL and JAK2

Four Hodgkin's lymphoma cell lines (KM‐H2, HDLM‐2, L428, L1236) were analyzed for cytogenetic aberrations, applying multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization, chromosome banding and comparative genomic hybridization. Each line was characterized by a highly heterogeneous pattern of karyotypic changes with a large spectrum of different translocated chromosomes (range 22–57). A recurrent finding in all cell lines was the presence of chromosomal rearrangements of the short arm of chromosome 2 involving the REL oncogene locus. Furthermore, multiple translocated copies of telomeric chromosomal segments were frequently detected. This resulted in a copy number increase of putative oncogenes, e.g., JAK2 (9p24) in 3 cell lines, FGFR3 (4p16) and CCND2 (12p13) in 2 cell lines as well as MYC (8q24) in 1 cell line. Our data confirm previous cytogenetic results from primary Hodgkin's tumors suggesting an important pathogenic role of REL and JAK2 in this disease. In addition, they provide evidence for a novel cytogenetic pathomechanism leading to increased copy numbers of putative oncogenes from terminal chromosomal regions, most probably in the course of chromosomal stabilization by telomeric capture. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HIV‐1 biological phenotype in long‐term infected individuals evaluated with an MT‐2 cocultivation assay

ObjectiveWe have previously demonstrated that detection of syncytium-inducing (SI) HIV-1 in asymptomatic seropositive individuals is associated with rapid progression to AIDS. In the present study, we sought to develop and evaluate an HIV-1 phenotyping assay for the screening of large numbers of individuals. MethodsEfficiency of HIV-1 isolation from patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was studied with donqr PBMC or seven different CD4 + T-cell lines as target cells. The biological phenotype of sequential isolates from 20 long-term asymptomatic HIV-1-seropositive individuals was determined by two different assays. ResultsNon-SI isolates, efficiently recovered by cocultivation with donor PBMC, were never isolated with T-cell lines as target cells. Direct cocultivation with MT-2 cells, but not with six other CD4+ T-cells, resulted in the efficient recovery of SI isolates. HIV-1 MT-2 tropism and SI capacity were shown to be coupled properties at the clonal level. SI isolates emerged in 10 out of 20 longitudinally-studied individuals. In these long-term infected individuals, appearance of SI isolates was associated with progression to AIDS. ConclusionsDirect cocultivation of patient PBMC with the MT-2 cell line is a sensitive, specific and convenient method to detect SI isolates. The availability of an assay suitable for the screening of large groups allows further study of the value of HIV-1 biological phenotyping as a prognostic marker.
Characteristics of SONOS-Type Flash Memory With In Situ Embedded Silicon Nanocrystals

In this paper, silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-semiconductor (SONOS) devices with embedded silicon nanocrystals (Si-NCs) in silicon nitride using in situ method with multilevel and 2-b/cell operation have been successfully demonstrated. The proposed in situ Si-NC deposition method exhibits the advantages of low cost, simplicity, and compatibility with modern IC processes. SONOS memories with embedded Si-NCs exhibit a significantly improved performance with a large memory window (> 5.5 V), low operating voltage (P/E voltage: V<sub>g</sub> = 6 V, V<sub>d</sub> = 7 V and V<sub>g</sub> = -7 V, V<sub>d</sub> = 10 V, respectively), greater tolerable gate and drain disturbance (V<sub>t</sub> shift <; 0.2 V), negligible second-bit effect, high P/E speed (after programming time = 10 μs with a 2-V shift of V<sub>t</sub> under V<sub>g</sub> = V<sub>d</sub> = 6 V operation), good retention time (> 10<sup>8</sup> s for 13% charge loss), and excellent endurance performance (after 10<sup>4</sup> P/E cycles with a memory window of 3 V).
Effects of the substance P receptor antagonist CP-96,345 on renal sensory receptor activation.

In anesthetized rats, we examined the effects of the substance P (SP) receptor antagonist CP-96,345 on the renorenal reflex responses to renal mechanoreceptor (MR) stimulation produced by increased ureteral pressure. Renal pelvic administration of SP at 0.16, 0.8, 4.0, 20, and 100 micrograms/ml increased ipsilateral afferent renal nerve activity (ARNA) in a concentration-dependent fashion, 45 +/- 28, 134 +/- 26, 185 +/- 24, 185 +/- 25, and 274 +/- 39%, respectively. Renal pelvic perfusion with CP-96,345 at 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 mg/ml dose-dependently reduced the ARNA response to 4.0 micrograms/ml SP, by 5 +/- 17, 46 +/- 9, and 72 +/- 12%, respectively. Increasing ureteral pressure three times in the presence of renal pelvic perfusion with vehicle, 1 mg/ml CP-96,345, and vehicle, increased ARNA 77 +/- 21, 29 +/- 13, and 101 +/- 36%, respectively. Thus CP-96,345 produced a reversible blockade of the ARNA responses to renal MR stimulation. Increasing ureteral pressure three times in the presence of renal pelvic perfusion with vehicle, CP-96,345 (1 mg/ml), and CP-96,345 + 25-40 micrograms/ml SP, increased ARNA 108 +/- 15, 43 +/- 14, and 153 +/- 63%, respectively. Thus CP-96,345 produced a competitive blockade of the ARNA responses to renal MR stimulation. The contralateral diuretic and natriuretic responses to increased ureteral pressure were also blocked in a reversible and competitive fashion by CP-96,345. The inactive 2R,3R enantiomer of CP-96,345, CP-96,344 (1 mg/ml). had no effect on the ipsilateral ARNA or the contralateral renal excretory responses to increased ureteral pressure. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hybrid resistance to BALB/c plasmacytomas: F1 hybrid anti-MPC-11 immunological responses correlated with resistance to tumor challenge.

BALB/cJ X C57BL/10Sn F1 (hereafter called B10F1) hybrids resist challenge with the BALB/c plasmacytoma, MPC-11, by a radiation-sensitive, silica-insensitive mechanism, whereas BALB/cJ X BALB.B F1 (hereafter called BALB.BF1) hybrids are as susceptible to MPC-11 as are homozygous BALB/c mice themselves. To investigate the mechanism of resistance, we have compared anti-MPC-11 immune responses by these F1 hybrids both before and at various times after tumor challenge. Resistance is not determined by natural killer cell reactivity inasmuch as neither hybrid harbors splenic natural killer cells with lytic activity directed against MPC-11. Nor is it determined by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity since neither hybrid produces an appropriate anti-MPC-11 antibody. Spleen cells and lymph node cells from both hybrids are capable of generating high levels of anti-MPC-11 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity in both primary and secondary mixed-lymphocyte tumor cell cultures. Such cytotoxic T-lymphocytes protect susceptible hybrids from tumor growth in Winn assays. The susceptible but not the resistant hybrids lose the ability to generate high levels of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes activity in spleen mixed lymphocyte tumor cell cultures by 28 days, and in lymph node mixed-lymphocyte tumor cell cultures by 14 days postchallenge. The reduction in spleen cell reactivity is due to suppression mainly by adherent cells and can be abrogated by pretreatment of the susceptible hybrids with a low dose of Cytoxan 2 days before challenge. This pretreatment does not, however, protect the mice. They develop tumor at the same rate and die at the same time as do controls. Both the late appearance of suppression and the lack of effect on survival of its ablation suggest it to be a concomitant of tumor growth rather than its cause. Resistance to tumor growth in this model system may reflect an enhanced ability of the resistant hybrid to deliver effector cells to the site of tumor implantation.
Characterisation of screen printable piezoelectric thick-films

Experimantal techniques for measuring piezoelectric coefficient d33 of screen printed thick-film lead zirconate totanate (PZT) pastes are described, together with a comparison of these values for different paste formulations. In particular, the effect of type and concentration of the binder has been observed. Concentrations of between 0 and 30% binder by weight have been analysed for two different binders, lead (II) oxide and lead borosilicate. The results show that sensors utilising the piezoelectric effect of pzt have a greater sensitivity if formulated with a lead(II) oxide binder.
Bacterial Translocation in HIV-Infected Patients With HCV Cirrhosis: Implication in Hemodynamic Alterations and Mortality

Objective:Analysis of the influence of portal hypertension on intestinal permeability in HIV-infected patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis and of the prognostic significance of consequent macrophage activation. Methods:Twenty HIV-monoinfected patients, 70 patients with HIV-HCV coinfection, 20 of them with compensated and 50 with decompensated cirrhosis, and 20 healthy controls were evaluated for intestinal permeability [measured by lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) serum levels], macrophage activation [soluble CD14, soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 55 Kd, and interleukin 6 (IL-6)], and activation of the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis. Patients with decompensated cirrhosis were monitored for a median period of 429 days to analyze the prognostic factors implicated in survival. Results:Patients with decompensated cirrhosis show increased LBP levels compared with HIV-monoinfected patients. Patients with increased LBP concentration showed elevated soluble CD14, soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 55 Kd, and IL-6 levels. Twenty-two patients died, from liver-related causes, during the follow-up, and 2 more underwent liver transplantation. Child-Pugh index, CD4 T-cell count, plasma aldosterone and serum IL-6 concentrations independently predicted liver-related mortality. Conclusions:Increased intestinal permeability, as measured by serum LBP levels, observed in patients with HIV infection is significantly higher in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. Proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6) are prognostic markers of HIV-HCV-coinfected patients with decompensated cirrhosis.
Demonstration and Characterization of the Heterodimerization of ZnT5 and ZnT6 in the Early Secretory Pathway*

The majority of CDF/ZnT zinc transporters form homo-oligomers. However, ZnT5, ZnT6, and their orthologues form hetero-oligomers in the early secretory pathway where they load zinc onto zinc-requiring enzymes and maintain secretory pathway functions. The details of this hetero-oligomerization remain to be elucidated, and much more is known about homo-oligomerization that occurs in other CDF/ZnT family proteins. Here, we addressed this issue using co-immunoprecipitation experiments, mutagenesis, and chimera studies of hZnT5 and hZnT6 in chicken DT40 cells deficient in ZnT5, ZnT6, and ZnT7 proteins. We found that hZnT5 and hZnT6 combine to form heterodimers but do not form complexes larger than heterodimers. Mutagenesis of hZnT6 indicated that the sites present in transmembrane domains II and V in which many CDF/ZnT proteins have conserved hydrophilic amino acid residues are not involved in zinc binding of hZnT6, although they are required for zinc transport in other CDF/ZnT family homo-oligomers. We also found that the long N-terminal half of hZnT5 is not necessary for its functional interaction with hZnT6, whereas the cytosolic C-terminal tail of hZnT5 is important in determining hZnT6 as a partner molecule for heterodimer formation. In DT40 cells, cZnT5 variant lacking the N-terminal half was endogenously induced during periods of endoplasmic reticulum stress and so seemed to function to supply zinc to zinc-requiring enzymes under these conditions. The results outlined here provide new information about the mechanism of action through heterodimerization of CDF/ZnT proteins that function in the early secretory pathway.