Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of diameter, length, tortuosity of splenic artery and its branches with its clinical implications

Background: Systematic knowledge of the splenic arterial vasculature would provide greater safeguards in the design of the surgical techniques but there are surprisingly few studies on the subject. For this reason, we studied morphological anatomy of splenic artery. Aims: To study morphological anatomy of splenic artery and clinical implications. The present study aims to report length, tortuosity, diameter of splenic artery and its branches. Material and Method: The measurements were taken on 50 donated embalmed cadavers irrespective of the sex in the Department of Anatomy, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra. The findings were noted after dissection. The study was carried out between May 2009 to December 2012. Results: The mean length of splenic artery with tortuosity was 9.52 cm. The mean length of splenic artery without tortuosity was 12.76 cm. The splenic artery shows numerous tortuosities. The tortuosity decreases as the diameter increases. We found that superior polar branch was slender and thin can be easily damaged. To avoid this operation should start from inferior pole. The mean diameter of splenic artery was 5.144 mm that of superior ramus was 4.340 mm and inferior ramus was 3.760 mm. So we found weak inferior ramus supplying the lower pole of spleen. Due to which inferior pole was also supplied by additional branches. Conclusion: Knowledge of splenic artery has the clinical significance in planning and conducting procedures such as partial or total splenectomy, splenic aneurysm, splenic embolisation, splenography, surgical and radiological procedures of upper abdominal region to avoid any complications. Key words: splenic artery, length, diameter, tortuosity
Glucocorticoid-Induced Inhibition of T Cell Growth Factor Production

The previous communication presented data detailing that glucocorticoid hormones exhibited slight but significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation of cytolytic T cells maintained in long-term T cell growth factor (TCGF)-dependent cultures. However, most importantly, glucocorticoids were shown to inhibit T-lymphocyte proliferation via a profound effect on TCGF production. Addition of exogenous TCGF to glucocorticoid-treated human, mouse, or rat T cell mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes restored normal levels of proliferation. These observations led us to propose that the immunosuppressive effects of glucocorticoid hormones were mediated by controlling the production of the T cell proliferation-inducing agent, TCGF. Results of experimentation detailed in this communication provide further evidence in support of this hypothesis. We found that although glucocorticoid hormones had little effect on the cytolytic reactivity of T cells harvested from TCGF-dependent culture, treatment of mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) with identical glucocorticoid hormone concentrations completely abrogated in situ TCGF production and alloantigen-directed cytolysis. The inhibitory effects of glucocorticoids in MLC could be eliminated once again simply by the delayed addition of exogenous TCGF. These observations coupled with those detailed in the previous report provide evidence that, rather than effecting lysis of potentially reactive mature lymphocytes, glucocorticoids influence the development of T cell-mediated immune reactivity by inhibiting TCGF production, which in turn serves to inhibit the clonal expansion of activated T cells.
Implant Primary Stability Determined by Resonance Frequency Analysis: Correlation With Insertion Torque, Histologic Bone Volume, and Torsional Stability at 6 Weeks

Objective:To determine if resonance frequency analysis (RFA) correlated with insertion torque (IT), bone volume (BV), and clinical osseointegration at 6 weeks. Materials and Methods:For 18 patients, BV was evaluated histologically by retrieving bone core biopsies before placement of 40 dental implants. Peak IT was recorded at implant placement, and RFA values (implant stability quotient [ISQ]) were noted at baseline, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks. Osseointegration was evaluated at 6 weeks when torquing abutments to 30 N. ISQ values were correlated with IT, BV and abutment torquing results. Data were statistically analyzed. Results:ISQ values significantly decreased at 3 weeks and increased at 6 weeks. There was a significant positive correlation between BV and ISQ at baseline and at 3 weeks, but not at 6 weeks, and between ISQ and jaw location, implant diameter and IT at baseline, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks. There was a significant correlation between spinning/painful implants during abutment torquing and low ISQ, low BV, and low IT values. Conclusion:Correlations between BV and IT values, and ISQ suggest that RFA may indicate primary implant stability. BV, IT, and ISQ values may anticipate the degree of osseointegration at 6 weeks.
Plasma Hormonal Levels of Rams are Affected by Sexual Activity and Confinement in a Semen Collection Centre

Two experiments were carried out to determine the effect of sexual activity and confinement in a semen collection centers (SCC) on plasma hormonal concentrations of rams. In experiment 1, rams were introduced into the flocks (active, n=29) or not, remained stabled with no access to the ewes (inactive, n=22). In experiment 2, animals were either at commercial flocks (n=89) or at a SCC (n=62). Rams were divided into active (n=65), and inactive (n=86). Plasma progesterone concentrations were not affected by sexual activity, management or breed. Plasma testosterone (P<0.001), progesterone (P<0.05), estradiol (P<0.05) and cortisol (P=0.01) concentrations were significantly affected by sexual activity, and testosterone (P<0.05) and progesterone (P<0.05) also by breed. Plasma estradiol concentrations were significantly modified by activity (P<0.001), management (P<0.001) and breed (P<0.05). Plasma cortisol levels were only affected by place (P=0.001). Plasma hormonal levels under study were affected by sexual activity when rams are in the flock. The higher levels of plasma cortisol presented by rams allocated in the SCC could indicate some degree of stress, although the absence of correlation between semen quality and hormonal levels suggests that restrain does not affect semen characteristics.
Moore and Wittgenstein: scepticism, certainty and common sense

Series Editor's Foreword Abbreviations of Works by Moore and Wittgenstein Aknowledgements Introduction G. E. Moore: Scepticism, Certainty and Common Sense Wittgenstein: Belief, Knowledge and Certainty Wittgenstein: Doubts and the Nonsense of Scepticism Wittgenstein: Hinges, Certainty, World-Picture and Mythology Conclusion: Moore and Wittgenstein On Epistemology and Language: A Synopsis References Index
Managerial and Controlling Ownership, Profitability, Firm Size and Financial Leverage in Nigeria

An ordinary least squares regression test of sample of firms in manufacturing and services industries sorted into overall, low and high managerial and controlling interests (MCOWN), shows financial leverage (FL) as an increasing (decreasing) function of MCOWN, for firms with low (high) MCOWN and service (manufacturing) industry, and negatively (positively) related to profitability and size for firms with high (low) MCOWN. Result suggests increasing (decreasing) use of debt capital when MCOWN is low (high) and that the higher (lower) the MCOWN, the greater (lesser) the agency cost contradicting the notion that FL is a governance mechanism that mitigates agency problem.
What are the best first-line antihypertensives: answers and more questions from the ALLHAT study

The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) is considered the largest trial of antihypertensive therapy conducted to date. It compared the cardiovascular effects of three more recently developed classes of antihypertensive agents to those of a diuretic in an attempt to identify which of these drugs should be the recommended first-line agent for the treatment of hypertension. In this report the paper is discussed with the significance and the clinical implications of the results contrasted with existing evidence in hypertension research. Additionally, further questions raised by the ALLHAT study are explored with ongoing studies, and future directions with which to answer these emerging new questions are outlined.
ACCF/AHA/SCAI Practice Guideline 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions

WRITING COMMITTEE MEMBERS*Glenn N. Levine, MD, FACC, FAHA, Chair†; Eric R. Bates, MD, FACC, FAHA, Vice Chair*†;James C. Blankenship, MD, FACC, FSCAI, Vice Chair*‡;Steven R. Bailey, MD, FACC, FSCAI*‡; John A. Bittl, MD, FACC†§;Bojan Cercek, MD, FACC, FAHA†; Charles E. Chambers, MD, FACC, FSCAI‡;Stephen G. Ellis, MD, FACC*†; Robert A. Guyton, MD, FACC* ;Steven M. Hollenberg, MD, FACC*†; Umesh N. Khot, MD, FACC*†;Richard A. Lange, MD, FACC, FAHA§; Laura Mauri, MD, MSC, FACC, FSCAI*†;Roxana Mehran, MD, FACC, FAHA, FSCAI*‡; Issam D. Moussa, MD, FACC, FAHA, FSCAI‡;Debabrata Mukherjee, MD, FACC, FSCAI†;Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, MD, FACC¶; Henry H. Ting, MD, FACC, FAHA†ACCF/AHA TASK FORCE MEMBERSAlice K. Jacobs, MD, FACC, FAHA, Chair; Jeffrey L. Anderson, MD, FACC, FAHA, Chair-Elect;Nancy Albert, PhD, CCNS, CCRN, FAHA; Mark A. Creager, MD, FACC, FAHA;Steven M. Ettinger, MD, FACC; Robert A. Guyton, MD, FACC;Jonathan L. Halperin, MD, FACC, FAHA; Judith S. Hochman, MD, FACC, FAHA;Frederick G. Kushner, MD, FACC, FAHA; E. Magnus Ohman, MD, FACC;William Stevenson, MD, FACC, FAHA; Clyde W. Yancy, MD, FACC, FAHA
Prevalence, causes, and correlates of traumatic dental injuries among seven-to-twelve-year-old school children in Dera Bassi

Aim: The paper aims to present a study conducted in Dera Bassi, Mohali, India. The purpose of the study was to ascertain the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in children of age group 7-12 years in private schools in Gulabgarh village. Material & Method: Age & sex distribution, etiological factors, risk factors and cause of injury were the parameters taken into consideration. The data collected was processed and analyzed using the SPSS statistical software program. Results: The overall prevalence of dental trauma was 14.5%, amongst the 880 subjects examined, out of which, 63.2% males and 36.4% females were found to be affected. The maxillary central incisor was found to be most commonly affected tooth (43.8%). The most common cause of injury reported was fall during playing (37.5%). Conclusion: Enamel fracture was most prevalent (50%). No risk factor was significantly higher than others; however children with Angle's class II div 1 malocclusion exhibited greater risk factor for traumatic injuries.
Parental bonding and adult psychopathology: results from the US National Comorbidity Survey

Background. Research using the parental bonding instrument (PBI) has suggested that lack of parental care and/or overprotection may be important risk factors for adult mental disorders. Much of this research, however, has relied on clinical populations with one or two disorders, or has used highly select community samples. Method. The association between parenting experiences and the occurrence of 13 common mental disorders in adulthood was evaluated in the US National Comorbidity Survey (N = 5877). The effect of sociodemographic variables (age, education, income) was statistically controlled and the effects of six parenting variables (maternal and paternal care, overprotection and authoritarianism) were examined simultaneously. The effects in men and women were examined separately. Results. Lack of care was the parenting variable most consistently associated with adult psychopathology. Parenting experiences with one's mother were more consistently associated with adult mental disorders. In general the impact of parenting was diagnostically non-specific. However, there appeared to be some unique effects for externalizing disorders (substance use disorders and antisocial personality disorder) in males; paternal overprotection and authoritarianism conferred a reduced risk of externalizing disorders in adult males. The overall impact of parenting as assessed by the PBI was modest, accounting for about 1 to 5% of the variance in the occurrence of adult mental disorders. Conclusion. Parenting experiences, particularly lack of care, are potentially causally related in a non-specific manner to a wide variety of forms of adult psychopathology in both men and women. The overall magnitude of the effect is small but statistically significant in a nationally representative US sample.
Psychiatric comorbidity in a population of Parkinson's disease patients

Sir, We read with great interest the paper by Nuti et al. [1] reporting on the psychiatric comorbidity in a population of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients compared with ageand sex-matched controls. The authors excluded patients with mini mental state examination <23. The rationale for this exclusion was that the relationship between neuropsychological deficits and depression in PD has not been clarified yet and is complicated by the difficulty in distinguishing cognitive deterioration from the apathy, inattention and dysphoria of depression. However, the rationale for two additional exclusions was not addressed by the authors and would have been of importance to comment on. All PD patients studied in this report were non-fluctuators (21 de novo, 69 treated with levodopa or dopamine agonists). This allowed for exclusion of depression and anxiety as a non-motor manifestation of the off state, pointing to a mechanism independent of dopaminergic therapy, especially in the de novo cases. The authors also excluded those patients who had psychotic symptoms, which we assume included even those only affected with benign hallucinations with retained insight. Perhaps the rationale lies in the close relation of psychotic symptoms to cognitive impairment. Although the authors provided antiparkinsonian treatment details they did not include information about the antidepressant therapy. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants are widely used in PD and can influence both mood and anxiety as well as motor function [2]. Although lack of knowledge about treatment may not influence the analysis of the reported prevalence rates, it may interfere with the interpretation of clinical comparisons between PD patients with and without psychopathological features. Finally, as the report does not address issues of pathogenesis or treatment of these important comorbidities of Parkinson’s disease, perhaps a title such as Prevalence of mood disorders in a nonfluctuating, cognitively intact population with Parkinson’s disease would have done more justice to the important data presented in this otherwise well-designed report.
Characteristics of patients with Guillain Barre Syndrome at a tertiary care centre in Pakistan, 1995-2003.

OBJECTIVE To study the clinical presentation, hospital course and outcome of patients admitted with Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) to a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS The charts of patients conforming to International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code 9.0, for GBS, from September 1995 to January 2003 were reviewed. Clinical data was recorded on a standardized questionnaire, which included patients' age, sex, antecedent events, neurological signs and symptoms and ventilation requirement. The hospital course was analyzed, including nosocomial infections, therapy given and the functional status of patients, using the Rankin scale (0-6). Standard SPSS 11.5 software (Windows) was used for data analysis. RESULTS Thirty-four cases of GBS were admitted to the hospital during the study period, with an age range of 3 to 70 years. The mean age for disease onset was 35.2 years for female patients, compared to 30 years for males; the male/female ratio was 1.6:1.Gastrointestinal infections (12/22, 54.6%) were the most common antecedent event, followed by upper respiratory tract infections (9/22, 40.9%) and skin lesions (1/22, 4.5%). Most patients developed GBS within one month of the preceding infection. Cranial nerve abnormalities (30/34, 88.2%), autonomic dysfunction (21/34, 61.8%) and respiratory failure requiring intubation (19/34, 55.9%) were also common. The median Rankin score of patients at admission, and at 30 and 60 days thereafter was 5, 4 and 3.5 respectively. The in-patient mortality was 1 of 34 (2.4%). CONCLUSION We found that GBS occurred at all ages and was slightly more common in males. Majority of patients had an antecedent history of infection and had severe disease on presentation. The patients were treated with either plasmapheresis or intravenous immunoglobulins and there was no significant difference in outcome in the two groups. Despite severe persistent disability, in-hospital mortality was low.
Does alteration in backpack load affects posture of school children

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the extent of backpack load on postural changes in school children who were carrying school bags. Materials And Methods: 87 normal healthy school children out of these 40 girls and 47 boys from CBSE school were tested in upright erect posture. Depending on % of schoolbag weight of their total body weight, they were divided into three groups - Group I-(<10%), Group II (10-20%) and Group III (20-30%) Postural angles such as Craniohorizontal(CHA),Craniovertebral angle (CVA) and shoulder saggital posture were measured in three groups. Results: With increasing schoolbag load from less than10% to 30% BW, CVA progressively increased significantly while CHA and shoulder saggital angle was decreased significantly as magnitude of backpack load increases. These results indicate a limitation on the ventilatory pump caused by load carriage which is directly related to the load carried and characteristic of restrictive disease of the respiratory system. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates the increased forward head posture observed in children while carrying loaded backpacks are associated with backpack weight. The greatest differences were noted as the magnitude of backpack loads goes on increasing. Further analyses of the changes in forward head posture suggest that the condition as well as the weight of backpack loads markedly affect forward head posture and present a risk for neck pain in children.
Modelisation et simulation numerique de la focalisation d'ondes de choc acoustiques en milieu en mouvement. Application a la focalisation du bang sonique en acceleration

L'objectif de cette etude est de modeliser et de simuler numeriquement la focalisation d'ondes de choc acoustiques dans un milieu en mouvement afin d'estimer la gene acoustique au sol induite par la focalisation du bang sonique en acceleration. La propagation classique du bang sonique de l'avion jusqu'au sol est modelisee par l'acoustique geometrique. Celle-ci tombe en defaut au voisinage des caustiques, qui correspondent a des zones d'amplification du champ acoustique. La theorie de la focalisation du bang sonique a ete etablie pa j. P. Guiraud en 1965. Au voisinage de la caustique, le champ de pression est decrit a travers une theorie de couche limite et se raccorde a l'acoustique geometrique loin de la caustique. La forme generale des signaux est conforme a celle observee lors des essais en vol mais les chocs conduisent a des pics infinis. Pour obtenir des amplitudes finies, il est necessaire de prendre en compte les effets non lineaires. Il en resulte l'equation de tricomi non lineaire. La presence d'un vent de vitesse inferieure a 100km/h, hypothese convenablement verifiee pres du sol, modifie essentiellement l'epaisseur de la couche limite de diffraction. Pour resoudre l'equation de tricomi non lineaire, un algorithme iteratif, base sur une version instationnaire de cette equation, est utilise. Cet algorithme est inspire du code pseudo-spectral utilise pour resoudre l'equation kz. La robustesse de la methode numerique est demontree a travers differents tests et la validation du code est effectuee a l'aide de la loi de similitude de guiraud. Les simulations numeriques indiquent que, sous l'influence des non-linearites, les pics des signaux reflechis sont transformes en chocs finis tandis que la position du maximum de pression est deplacee. L'application au bang sonique en acceleration montre que celle-ci a une influence faible et conduit a un coefficient d'amplification de l'ordre de 3.
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM ADOPTION THEORIES IN SMEs: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Today, business intelligence system (BIS) is universally considered as an essential tool to aid business decision making process. There is consensus that BIS has significant effects on predicting current and prospective views of business operations. These effects will only be realized if, and when, BIS are widely spread and used. An imperative study of BIS adoption theories is crucial in order to understand the determinants of BIS adoption. Previous studies on the BIS adoption theories in the global Small Medium Enterprise (SME) are limited. To fill the gap, this study is aimed to study the BIS adoption theories as reported by prior researchers and propose the BIS adoption model for SME in Malaysia. Through systematic literature review (SLR), this paper discusses two prominent models being adopted in SMEs. These two prominent models; diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory, and the technology, organization, and environment (TOE) framework are discussed in details in this paper. This paper also makes recommendations for future research.
On the Correlation and Transferability of Features Between Automatic Speech Recognition and Speech Emotion Recognition

The correlation between Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) is poorly understood. Studying such correlation may pave the way for integrating both tasks into a single system or may provide insights that can aid in advancing both systems such as improving ASR in dealing with emotional speech or embedding linguistic input into SER. In this paper, we quantify the relation between ASR and SER by studying the relevance of features learned between both tasks in deep convolutional neural networks using transfer learning. Experiments are conducted using the TIMIT and IEMOCAP databases. Results reveal an intriguing correlation between both tasks, where features learned in some layers particularly towards initial layers of the network for either task were found to be applicable to the other task with varying degree.
Islamic Bankers Green Behaviours and Its Impact on Green Banking Growth

This study focuses to categorise the types of green behaviours among Islamic bankers and the impact of these behaviours on the growth of green banking in Malaysia. The data was collected through a self-administrated survey questionnaire. McConnaughyâ€™s (2014) behavioural framework was adopted as a measurement scale. The findings prove that all five types of behaviours (conservation, work sustainability, avoiding harm, influencing others and taking initiative) of Islamic bankers have a significant positive impact on the growth of green banking. Particularly, taking initiative was the most influential behaviour for the growth of green banking. The major limitation of this study is the data collection from limited participants which is not an ideal scenario to generalise these findings. The findings are robust to develop green banking regulations, to shape a better green behaviour of Islamic bankers and to enhance green banking growth in Malaysia.