Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biochar from swine manure solids: influence on carbon sequestration and Olsen phosphorus and mineral nitrogen dynamics in soil with and without digestate incorporation

Interest in biochar (BC) has grown dramatically in recent years, due mainly to the fact that its incorporation into soil reportedly enhances carbon sequestration and fertility. Currently, BC types most under investigation are those obtained from organic matter (OM) of plant origin. As great amounts of manure solids are expected to become available in the near future, thanks to the development of technologies for the separation of the solid fraction of animal effluents, processing of manure solids for BC production seems an interesting possibility for the recycling of OM of high nutrient value. The aim of this study was to investigate carbon (C) sequestration and nutrient dynamics in soil amended with BC from dried swine manure solids. The experiment was carried out in laboratory microcosms on a silty clay soil. The effect on nutrient dynamics of interaction between BC and fresh digestate obtained from a biogas plant was also investigated to test the hypothesis that BC can retain nutrients. A comparison was made of the following treatments: soil amended with swine manure solids (LC), soil amended with charred swine manure solids (LT), soil amended with wood chip (CC), soil amended with charred wood chip (CT), soil with no amendment as control (Cs), each one of them with and without incorporation of digestate (D) for a total of 10 treatments. Biochar was obtained by treating OM (wood chip or swine manure) with moisture content of less than 10% at 420°C in anoxic conditions. The CO2-C release and organic C, available phosphorus (P) (Olsen P, POls) and inorganic (ammonium+nitrate) nitrogen (N) (Nmin) contents at the start and three months after the start of the experiment were measured in the amended and control soils. After three months of incubation at 30°C, the CO2-C emissions from soil with BC (CT and LT, ±D) were the same as those in the control soil (Cs) and were lower than those in the soils with untreated amendments (CC and LC, ±D). The organic C content decreased in CT and LT to a lesser extent than in CC and LC. In soils with D (+D), the CO2-C emissions were equal to or higher than those in soils without (-D). The Nmin content increased in all treatments; the POls content decreased in the +D treatments. The incorporation of BC into soil, by reducing CO2 emissions, actually contributes to C sequestration without modifying N availability for crops. For a given N content, the BC from swine manure solids supplies much more P than the non-treated OM and, therefore, represents an interesting source of P for crops.
Gravitational Schrödinger Equation from Ginzburg-Landau Equation, and Its Noncommutative Spacetime Coordinate Representation

Despite known analogy between condensed matter physics and various cosmological phenomena, a neat linkage between low-energy superfluid and celestial quantization is not yet widely accepted in literature. In the present article we argue that gravitational Schr�dinger equation could be derived from time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (or Gross-Pitaevskii) that is commonly used to describe superfluid dynamics. The solution for celestial quantization takes the same form with Nottale equation. Provided this proposed solution corresponds to the facts, and then it could be used as alternative solution to predict celestial orbits from quantized superfluid vortice dynamics. Furthermore, we also discuss a representation of the wavefunction solution using noncommutative spacetime coordinate. Some implications of this solution were discussed particularly in the context of offering a plausible explanation of the physical origin of quantization of motion of celestial objects.
International trade, convergence and integration

This study develops a staging framework to predict the trade-convergence relation, which harmonizes the contradicting results from existing studies. By using Granger-causality and cointegration approaches, the study investigates the long-run relationship and two-way causal link between international trade and convergence in three trade blocs, EU, ASEAN and NAFTA. The empirical estimation results support our hypotheses, that is, the long-run and causality relation between trade and convergence depends on the developmental stage of the countries concerned. Specifically, if a country is at the stage of low developmental, free trade is associated with income divergence between this country and its poor and rich trade partners; causality is bilateral, trade causes divergence, and divergence causes trade. When a country surpasses a certain developmental level, its trade with other countries in the same stage is associated with income convergence between these countries; causality is bilateral, trade causes convergence, and convergence causes trade. Based on these findings, the paper discusses the policy implications.
TCER Working Paper Series Airport privatization competition including domestic airline networks

This paper addresses the problem of hub airport privatization, similar to the studies by Matsumura and Matsushima (2012) and Mantin (2012). However, differentiating from their papers, this paper introduces a domestic airline network. That is, each country has one major hub airport and some local airports. The main result obtained in this paper is as follows. When at least one country has a small domestic airline network, the same result as that by Matsumura and Matsushima (2012) and Mantin (2012) is obtained. However, when both countries have a large domestic airline network, the public airport may be an equilibrium outcome. Furthermore, depending on the size of the airline network and the degree of airline competition, asymmetric equilibrium can also appear. Akio Kawasaki Kagoshima University Faculty of Education 1-20-6, Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan kawasaki@edu.kagoshima-u.ac. jp Airport privatization competition including domestic airline networks∗ Akio Kawasaki † Faculty of Education, Kagoshima University
The outburst and nature of two young eruptive stars in the North America/Pelican Nebula Complex

Context. In August 2010, the sudden optical brightening of two young stellar objects, HBC 722 and VSX J205126.1+440523, located in the North America/Pelican Nebula Complex, was announced. Early photometric and spectroscopic observations of these objects indicated that they may belong to the FUor or EXor class of young eruptive stars. The eruptions of FUors and EXors are often ex- plained by enhanced accretion of material from the circumstellar disk to the protostar. Aims. In order to determine the true nature of these two objects, we started an optical and near-infrared monitoring program, a nd complemented our data with archival observations and data from the literature. Methods. We plot and analyze pre-outburst and outburst spectral energy distributions (SEDs), multi-filter light curves, and col or-color diagrams. Results. The quiescent SED of HBC 722 is consistent with that of a slightly reddened normal T Tauri-type star. The source bright- ened monotonically in about two months, and the SED obtained during maximum brightness indicates the appearance of a hot, single-temperature blackbody. The current fading rate implies that the star will return to quiescence in about a year, q uestioning its classification as a bone fide FUor. The quiescent SED of VSX J20 5126.1+440523 looks like that of a highly embedded Class I source. The outburst of this source happened more gradually, but reached an unprecedentedly high amplitude. At 2.5 months after the peak, its light curves show a deep minimum, when the object was close to its pre-outburst optical brightness. Further monitori ng indicates that it is still far from being quiescent. Conclusions. The shape of the light curves, as well as the bolometric luminosities and accretion rates suggest that these objects do no t fit into the classic FUor group. Although HBC 722 exhibit all s pectral characteristics of a bona fide FUor, its luminosity a nd accretion rate is too low, and its timescale is too fast compared to clas sical FUors. VSX J205126.1+440523 seems to be an example where quick extinction changes modulate the light curve.
CO2 fluxes in the tropical Atlantic during FOCAL cruises

CO2 partial pressures in the atmosphere and in surface seawater have been measured in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean during Programme Francais Ocean-Climat en Atlantique Equatorial cruises extending from July 1982 to August 1984 along the 4°W, 22°W, and 35°W meridians. Gas transfer coefficients based on recently reported field data combined with information deduced from wind tunnel experiments are used to compute the CO2 fluxes. The global mean net flux between 5°N and 5°S is equal to 1.05 mmol m−2 d−1 and is from the ocean to the atmosphere. The escape of CO2 increases strongly from the east to the west and is always lower in the north than in the south. The importance of wind speed, pCO2 in atmosphere, PCO2 in surface seawater, and temperature on the flux variability is discussed. The relative influence of the equatorial upwelling on one hand and of the advection and warming of surface waters on the other hand is studied in order to explain high partial pressure in seawater.
Assessing the Growth Potential of High-Technology Start-Ups: An Exploratory Study from Hong Kong

Abstract This paper seeks to assess the growth potential of new high-technology incubated ventures through analyses of the entrepreneurial characteristics of their founders. The following two objectives are pursued: (1) to provide managers with insights regarding how the success potential of a venture could be increased, and (2) to provide a deeper understanding of how a start-up business could be nurtured on the basis of knowledge concerning the historical origins of incubation. The findings suggest that the following characteristics of the founder significantly influence the success potential of an incubated venture: entrepreneurial personality, motivation for starting the venture, managerial skills, and approach towards innovation.
Intra-industry trade and labor costs: The smooth adjustment hypothesis

According to the smooth adjustment hypothesis (SAH), the labor-market adjustment costs in the form of unemployed resources will be lower if trade expansion is intra-industry rather than inter-industry in nature. This is what we attempt to test empirically using the Brulhart (1994) marginal intra-industry trade (MIIT) index and a dynamic panel data analysis. Considering the contemporaneous effect the results do not support the SAH. However, if we consider the one- year and-two years lags effects, the conclusion is different and it is sensitive to the size of the lag. Comparing with other empirical studies our results suggest that the validity of SAH depends on the variable choose as adjustment labor cost index, the time lag structure and the set of control variables. KEY Words: Adjustment costs; labor market; marginal intra-industry trade.
Influences of tectonic inheritance and exhumation patterns in the timing and structural styles of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia

INTRODUCTION The Eastern Cordillera of Colombia is interpreted as an asymmetric inversion orogen, which coincides with the location of a Lower Cretaceous rift province . The degree of asymmetry of i15 central segment is depicted by the basement Iying at a higher elevation on the eastern side than on the western side (Cortes et al., 2005) , and the apparent higher amount of shortening in the eastern flank (Colleta et al., 1990; Dengo&Covey , 1993). Although the role of inherited basement structures can be demonstrated at various scales, the exact role of inversion tectonics in the overall structural styles has remained highly speculative and the causes and consequences of such asymmetry are often ambiguous . Here, we analyze the structural evolution of the Eastern Cordi liera in light of structural inheritance, resulting structural styles, and exhumation patterns using field observations and apatite fission track thermochronology. Our new data sheds light on the mechanisms responsible for orogenie development in pre-strained regions of the crust.
SHADOW ECONOMY AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS FOR THE CASE OF ROMANIA

Shadow economy (SE) represents a controversial phenomenon, present more or less in all economies, whose empirical estimates should be regarded with due reserve. The main goal of this paper is to analyze the nature of the relationship between Romanian shadow economy, expressed as % of the official GDP and the foreign direct investments (FDI) using two causality analysis methods, namely the Granger causality analysis method and the Toda-Yamamoto procedure, based on quarterly data, over the period 2000-2010. The paper will also try to particularize the implications of this relationship on the sustainable development of the Romanian economy. For that purpose we will use the shadow economy series estimated in a previous article using one of the monetary approaches, the currency demand approach, based on econometrical methodology of error correction models and co-integration. The quantitative demarche of shadow economy estimation is detailed in Alexandru (Davidescu) and Dobre (2013). The empirical results highlight a unidirectional short-run causality that runs only from foreign direct investments to the shadow economy. The impulse responses function indicates a short-run negative relationship between FDI and SE.
Inferring macro-evolutionary patterns using an adaptive peak model of evolution

Background: Currently available methods of ancestral reconstruction are built either oil Brownian Motion (BM) or Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) models of evolution. Results from these methods sometimes do not a-arce with the fossil recordAim: Develop a new method. the method of Independent Evolution (IE), built on an adaptive peak model of evolutionKey assumptions: In evolution. population phenotypes are affected by the wandering adaptive peaks of adaptive surfaces. Branch-specific rates of evolution depend on weighted. relative distances between an ancestral adaptive peak and a new adaptive surface that descendant populations attempt to climbMethods: We defined an eight-step algorithm to incorporate the assumptions, and then applied it recursively for each node in the tree to produce the phylogenetic histories. We performed two studies: a simulation study of directional selection on particular branches in a model primate phylogeny, and a case study of primate brain and body size in which we reconstructed the ancestral states of primate brain sizes and body sizes and compared them with 28 fossil data points In each study. we used strong inference - that is. we employed six different methods of ancestral reconstruction to determine how well each succeeds. Four of the methods of ancestral reconstruction are based on BM, one oil the OU, and one is IE.Results: The method based oil an adaptive peak model of evolution (IE) significantly outperformed both BM-based and OU-based methods of ancestral reconstruction in the simulation study. Independent Evolution also yielded Much more accurate estimates of ancestral (i.e. fossil) primate brain and body sizes than the other methods of ancestral reconstruction.
Overconfidence, Omens and Emotions: Results from a Field Experiment

We analyze how overconfidence is affected by superstitious beliefs and emotions induced by positive and negative stimuli in a field experiment involving about 700 Italian students who were randomly assigned to numbered seats in their written examination sessions. According to widespread superstitions, some numbers are considered lucky, while others are considered unlucky. At the end of the examination, we asked students the grade they expected to get. We find that students tend to be systematically overconfident and that their overconfidence is positively affected by being assigned to a lucky number. Interestingly, males and females react differently: on the one hand, females tend to expect lower grades when assigned to unlucky numbers, while they are not affected by being assigned to lucky numbers. On the other hand, males are not affected by being assigned to unlucky numbers but expect higher grades when assigned to lucky numbers.
Mental Representations in Personality Development, Psychopathology, and the Therapeutic Process

This article considers the construct of mental representation from the perspectives of psychoanalytic object-relations theory and cognitive developmental psychology and the congruence of these formulations with research and theory in cognitive science and social cognition. Concepts of mental representation are applied to the study of psychopathology, personality assessment, interpersonal relationships or attachment styles, and therapeutic progress in the long-term, inpatient treatment of seriously disturbed adolescents and young adults. Understanding of personality development, psychopathology, and the therapeutic process is greatly enhanced by this constructivist perspective, which considers the construction of mental representations or cognitive–affective schemas to be a central constituent of personality development and organization.
Predictors of acute GVHD treatment outcomes 1 PREDICTIVE VALUE OF CLINICAL FINDINGS AND PLASMA BIOMARKERS AFTER 14 DAYS OF PREDNISONE TREATMENT FOR ACUTE GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE

We examined the hypothesis that plasma biomarkers and concomitant clinical findings after initial glucocorticoid therapy can accurately predict failure of graft-versus-hostdisease treatment and mortality. We analyzed plasma samples and clinical data in 165 patients after 14 days of glucocorticoid therapy and used logistic regression and areas under receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUC) to evaluate associations with treatment failure and non-relapse mortality (NRM). Initial treatment of GVHD was unsuccessful in 49 patients (30%). For predicting GVHD treatment failure, the best clinical combination (total serum bilirubin and skin GVHD stage, AUC 0.70) was competitive with the best biomarker combination (TIM3 and ST2, AUC 0.73). The
Complete Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis Along With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage During Early Postpartum Period, Presented by Left Hemiparesis: A Rare Case Report

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a fatal neurological emergency during pregnancy and puerperium. We report a 25-year-old woman with superior sagittal sinus thrombosis (SSST) along with subarachnoid hemorrhage developed 4 days after an uncomplicated vaginal birth, presenting with a 3-day history of global headache and sudden onset of left-sided hemiparesis. After confirmatory diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, she was treated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) followed by warfarin. She recovered within a few weeks and was regularly followed up. SSST may present during puerperium to the obstetrician and physician with various non-specific presentations, so physicians caring for women in the peripartum period should be familiar with the differential diagnosis and have a high index of suspicion for CVST with or without intracranial hemorrhage. A multidisciplinary approach is important to the management of this rare complication of pregnancy and puerperium. J Neurol Res. 2017;7(4-5):89-93 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr452w
Electromagnetic Waves Attenuation in the Sandstones with Grains of Different Size at Imbibition and Drying

The results of experimental measurements of the complex dielectric permittivity (CDP) of powders of quartz granules with different sizes saturated with water and salt solution of weak concentration are given in the frequency band from 20 kHz to 1GHz. It is shown that at values of saturation level from 0.6 to 0.9 the relaxation phenomena caused by interfacial polarization on the water-air bound can be observed. The result shows considerable reduction of attenuation in gradually saturated rocks, which allows for deeper sensing during georadar mapping. It is determined that in the dielectric relaxation band and at frequencies below it the hysteresis of the real part of the CDP and equivalent specific conductivity can be observed. Its character significantly depends on the sizes of granules. It is shown that the behavior of CDP and attenuation of an electromagnetic wave at frequencies from 0.1 to 10 MHz complicatedly depends on the sizes of granules, saturation level, salinity of the saturating solution and saturation history.
Animal immunized Horse Rabbit Rabbit Human cells for the immunization of the animal Thymocytes Thymocytes Jurkat cells

cell line. Prophylaxis using ATG infused with conditioning for adult marrow or blood stem cell transplantation reduces both acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). However, ATG is not or minimally efficacious in steroid refractory GVHD treatment. Regarding preemptive therapy, ATG is promising; however, further work is needed on establishing adequate biomarkers to be used as triggers for preemptive therapy before it can be used routinely. Relapse is not increased by ATG, except possibly in the setting of reducedintensity conditioning. Infections are probably increased when using high but not low-dose ATG, except for Epstein-Barr virusedriven post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder, which may be increased even with low-dose ATG. Survival is not improved with ATG; however, survival free of immunosuppressive therapy is improved. Pharmacokinetics of ATG are highly variable, resulting in highly variable areas under the time-concentration curves. Optimized dosing of ATG might improve transplantation outcomes. In conclusion, ATG reduces GVHD and, thus, may improve quality of life, without compromising survival. 2015 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. INTRODUCTION Clinically significant graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), ie, grade 2 to 4 acute GVHD (aGVHD) or extensive or moderate/ severe chronic GVHD (cGVHD), occurs in 40% to 90% of recipients of T cellereplete allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) (for cGVHD, the up to 90% pertains to patients surviving 1 year). It leads to morbidity, mortality, and poor quality of life. Unfortunately, prophylaxis of GVHD with small molecule immunosuppressive drugs or with pure ex vivo T cell depletion (without in vivo T cell depletion) has been associated with increased relapse and infections [1-5]. AntieT cell globulin (ATG) is promising as GVHD prophylaxis that may not result in increased relapse or fatal infections in adults undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT) or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). This is less clear in the setting of pediatric BMT or PBSCT and adult and pediatric cord blood transplantation (CBT). Thus, here
"Because I Like It? No, They Made Me Do It!!" Why Juveniles Engage In Sexting

Developments in technology have changed the way we do everything; advanced our research capabilities, enhanced our communication abilities and speeds, even the way people commit crimes. It provides perpetrators with a new way to commit traditional crimes as well as new forms of crime. One of the many opportunities involved with increased communication devices is known as sexting. Adolescent sexting has received national and local attention due to possible long-term implications such as registering as a sex offender and even suicide. Sexting, which is considered an antisocial behavior among adolescents, has progressively become implicated in peer pressure as well. Peer pressure causes individuals to commit cruel acts or crimes in which they normally would not do because they are forced, or feel obligated to do so, by their peers. Further study into peer pressure and sexting is needed to discover if peer pressure and opportunity are the reasons why adolescents engage in sexting. To discover this, I surveyed college undergraduate students to determine the causes behind their sexting habits in high school.