Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of overweight and obesity among rural adolescent school students in Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu

Background: Obesity in children and adolescents acts as an independent risk factor in the occurrence of cardiovascular and other non-communicable diseases in their adulthood.Methods: A cross sectional school based study was done among 934 students aged 14-17 years studying Class 9 to Class 12 in selected four schools of Kanchipuram district in Tamil Nadu, India.Results: Mean BMI of the study population was 17.78 (SD-3.14). 39 (8.51%) were identified as overweight and 21 as obese (4.58%) among boys. Mean BMI among girls was 18.58 and 44 (9.24%) were identified as overweight and 20 (4.20%) as obese. Among the study population 83 (8.89%) were overweight, 41 (4.4%) were obese and overall the prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be 13.28%. Conclusions: Obesity among adolescents is increasing and requires urgent attention. Standardized BMI charts for adolescents to be prepared as per Indian standards.
Dialogue essais - simulation et identification de lois de comportement d’alliage à mémoire de forme en chargement multiaxial

Les travaux presentes ont consiste a developper des strategies d'identification performantes des parametres des lois de comportement superelastique des Alliages a Memoire de Forme (AMF). L'objectif est de disposer d'une solution complete de caracterisation, d'identification, et de simulation de structures en AMF soumises a des sollicitations complexes. Une base de donnees experimentale unifiee pour un alliage de NiTi superelastique a ete etablie pour une multitude de trajets de deformation multiaxiaux et a differentes temperatures : en traction homogene, en compression, en traction-compression et en traction-traction. Une caracterisation experimentale a ete developpee sur une plate-forme multiaxiale assemblee au laboratoire durant ce travail. L'emploi de la correlation d'images a permis d'enrichir la base de donnees experimentale en determinant pour chaque essai les champs cinematiques. Cette collection d'essais a permis de montrer l'importante difference de comportement observee entre les directions de laminage et transverse, bien que le materiau soit faiblement texture. Des procedures d'identification du comportement thermomecanique des AMF ont ete mises en place, basees sur la construction et minimisation d'une fonction objectif regularisee. La premiere est basee sur l'exploitation des courbes contrainte-deformation moyennes sous chargement homogene et unixial. La seconde exploite la richesse des champs de deformations mesures en essai heterogene. Les deux strategies ont permis d'identifier les huit parametres gouvernant le comportement superelastique du modele de Chemisky et al. (Chemisky et al. 2011). Des differences entre les jeux de parametres identifies sont caracteristiques des effets d'anisotropie observes. Le succes de cette strategie demontre sa pertinence et est encourageant pour l'identification de parametres de lois de comportement anisotropes.
Bitterleaf as local substitute for hops in the nigerian brewing industry

lot of effort had been made in the Nigerian brewing industry to substitute barley with some local cereals in production of alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. However, the substitution of hops with local raw materials has not received commensurate attention. This paper investigated the brewing qualities of bitterleaf (Vernonia Amygdalina) using extraction with appropriate solvent and steam or hydro distillation to obtain the bitterleaf extract. Thereafter, the extract was characterized in order to determine its suitability for use in brewing by comparing it with those of standard commercial hops values. The physicochemical analysis of the bitterleaf showed that the sample extract had brewing properties or variables as follows: Iso-alpha acid (mg/l) of 8.52, alpha acid (mg/l) of 9.27, total resin (%) of 20.4, essential oil (%) of 1.20 and fat content (%) of 7.00. The Analytical Bitterness Unit (ABU) was found to be adequate and was equal to 8.73 European Bitterness Unit (EBU). The properties or variables of the present bitterleaf extract was found to compare favourable with those of the commercial hops used as basis for comparison though with variation in the fat content which was found to be 7.00% compared to the commercial hop which was 3.12%. Consequently, the results obtained showed that bitterleaf presents a potential substitute for hops in the Nigerian brewing industry though the timing of its use will depend upon economic and political considerations and the supply and demand for bitterleaf and hops.
Pediatric Case Report of Chronic Colitis Associated With an Unusual Serotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Streptococcus pneumoniae has been implicated as a cause of concomitant enteritis in children with otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia, and meningitis. However, isolated pneumococcal enteritis has rarely been reported. We report a patient who presented with bloody diarrhea due to S pneumoniae serotype 17F without evidence of infection elsewhere.
The Economic Effects of Geography: Colombia as a Case Study

This paper quantifies the economic impact of geographical features using Colombian data at the municipal level. We use the proportion of slave population in 1835 as an instrument of current institutions. We find that, controlling for institutional quality, geographical characteristics, such as the percentage of flat terrain, the proximity to the marketplace and the proximity to the main rivers are statistically-significant determinants of income per capita and have large economic effects.
Palaeovegetation‐model comparisons, climate change and tree succession in Scandinavia over the past 1500 years

1 We assess the robustness of a 1500‐year palaeoclimate data base and forest gap model in simulating northern Scandinavian boreal forest succession since ad 500. We also evaluate trends in species abundance in a nemoral woodland in southern Scandinavia by comparing modelling results to palaeoecological data. 2 Simulated biomass trends for Picea, Pinus and Betula growing at Penningholmen (northern Sweden) are strikingly similar to those observed in the local pollen record, particularly in the replication of the early Little Ice Age (LIA) decline in Betula and the late‐LIA dieback of Picea and Pinus. 3 LIA decreases in Betula may therefore be partly due to the effects of climate on its competitive interactions with Pinus, as well as the previously proposed effects of insect herbivory. 4 Simulations of Draved Forest (western Denmark), suggest that Tilia is under‐represented in modern‐day Scandinavian nemoral woodlands, and consequently that the present dominance of Fagus probably reflects strong human–plant interactions from as early as the beginning of the 17th century. 5 This study highlights the importance, despite general limitations associated with vegetation models, of model‐data comparisons for understanding mechanisms and processes underlying past forest succession, and emphasizes the usefulness of forest models for reconstructing climate influences on past vegetation.
Investigating Students’ Acceptance of a Statistics Learning Platform Using Technology Acceptance Model

The study aims at investigating university students’ acceptance of a statistics learning platform to support the learning of statistics in a blended learning context. Three kinds of digital resources, which are simulations, online videos, and online quizzes, were provided on the platform. Premised on the technology acceptance model, we adopted a revised model consisting of four external factors (self-efficacy, facilitating conditions, subjective norm, and anxiety) that may influence students’ perceptions and acceptance of the platform. A mixed research method was used. A total of 102 participants were involved in this study. Data collection includes questionnaires survey, individual interviews, and focus group discussions. The findings show that students’ intention to use the platform is affected by their attitude toward the platform, which is significantly influenced by perceived usefulness. Further suggestions regarding the design and implementation of a learning platform are provided based on the observations and results of the study. This preliminary study provides valuable insights into our further refinement of the platform and development of a learning analytics platform in the future for better learning of students in statistics.
The Construct State in Tarifit Berber

This paper investigates the Construct State (CS) in Tarifit Berber. Given that the phenomenon occurs only in certain syntactic environments, this suggests that it has syntactic ramifications and is not the result of purely phonological operations. Its exact nature is argued to be a language-specific property which arises from a syntactic relation between an NP and a higher c-commanding head. Crucial to this relation is the fact the CS triggering head can only be T or P. The paper also investigates the phonological implications of the CS. After the configuration is formed in the Syntax and sent for interpretation by the phonological component, it is suggested that the CS NP and its c-commanding head are spelt out in phonology as one phonological word. On a theoretical level, the paper argues that this typology can be better articulated under a modular approach in the sense of Distributed Morphology whereby the phonological component interprets the syntactic output.
Eye movements and the visual perception of shape

This thesis reports the results of five novel studies that used eye movement patterns to elucidate the role of shape information content of object shape representation in human visual perception. In Experiments 1, and 2 eye movements were recorded while observers either actively memorised or passively viewed different sets of novel objects, and during a subsequent recognition memory task. Fixation data were contrasted against different models of shape analyses based on surface curvature bounding vs. internal contour and low level image visual saliency. The results showed a preference for fixation at regions of internal local features (either concave or/and convex) during both active memorisation and passive viewing of object shape. This pattern changed during the recognition phase where there was a fixation preference towards regions containing concave surface curvature minima. It is proposed that the preference of fixation at regions of concavity reflect the operation of a depth-sensitive view interpolation process that is constrained by key points encoding regions of concave curvature minima. Experiments 3 and 4 examined the extent to which fixation-based local shape analysis patterns are influenced by the perceptual expertise of the observer and the level of stimulus classification required by the task. These studies were based on the paradigm developed by Wong, Palmeri & Gauthier (2009) in which observers are extensively trained to categorize sets of novel objects (Ziggerins) at either a basic or subordinate level of classification. The effects of training were measured by comparing performance between a preand post-test sequential shape matching task that required either basicor subordinate-level judgements. In addition, we also recorded fixation patterns during the preand post-tests.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO POSTURAL DA COLUNA DE CRIANÇAS OBESAS DE 7 A 10 ANOS

A obesidade e um problema de saude publica, pois vem crescendo em indices alarmantes. O aumento do tecido adiposo e fator predisponente para diversas doencas, como a hipertensao, doencas cardiovasculares, desordens respiratorias e disturbios osteoarticulares, entre outros. Estudos indicam que a obesidade gera uma sobrecarga assimetrica sobre a coluna, gerando alteracoes nas suas curvaturas normais, sendo que na maioria dos casos elas se apresentam mais acentuadas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar a influencia do excesso de peso sobre a coluna da crianca obesa ou com sobrepeso, comparando-as com a coluna de criancas eutroficas. Foram utilizados metodos quantitativos de analise postural, por meio de fotos digitais, programa Corel Draw v. 10.0 e regua flexivel. Foi realizada uma avaliacao postural em 24 criancas obesas, 13 com sobrepeso e 40 eutroficas, com idade entre 7 e 10 anos, no Hospital Universitario da USP e na escola publica Joao Crispiniano Soares. Observou-se maior incidencia de hiperlordose lombar (62%) e protracao da cabeca (51%) no GO (Grupo Obeso), sendo 53,85% e 41,67% no GS (Grupo Sobrepeso) e 35% e 12% no grupo eutrofico, respectivamente. Observou-se maior tendencia no GO de apresentar aumento nas curvaturas sagitais da coluna, principalmente na lordose e na cervical. Ja o GS obteve tendencia ao aumento apenas da curvatura cervical.
Assessing a smoking cessation program for veterans in substance use disorder treatment.

Objectives: This pilot study assessed the impact of a one-time motivationally based psychoeducational tobacco cessation intervention during substance use disorder treatment on use of subsequent smoking cessation services. Methods: Participants were 89 veterans in substance use disorder treatment who attended the smoking cessation orientation group. Participants took part in a multimedia psychoeducational group designed to provide veterans education about and motivation to seek subsequent tobacco cessation services. Measures included a self-report survey of demographics, substance use, mental health, tobacco use and cessation, and attendance to tobacco cessation services. Results: Results indicated that 86.5% of participants used tobacco and on average were heavily nicotine dependent. Fifty-seven percent of tobacco users utilized follow-up cessation services. Logistic regression indicated that utilization of cessation services was associated with desiring to quit smoking for health purposes and personal choice, history of psychotic disorder, and previous use of nicotine replacement. Conclusions: A one-time intervention with veterans in substance use disorder treatment can increase motivation to seek subsequent tobacco cessation services, providing an avenue for reducing tobacco use in this population.
The Effect of Different Level of Concentrates in Diet on Microbial Protein Synthesis in Iranian Native Buffaloes

This research was conducted to estimate the amount of microbial protein synthesis in Iranian buffaloes' rumen. Four male swamp buffaloes with average live body weight of 140±10 kg were used in this study. Four diets of 0 (control diet, 100% forage), 15, 30 and 45% concentrate in a 4 × 4 Latin Square were tested. The results indicated that by increasing the concentrate level in the diet of swamp buffaloes. the amount of purine derivatives (PD) excreted in urine. The amount of allantoin excreted in urine increased by increasing concentrate level form 0 to 45% (13.2 and 21.8 mmol/day; P 0.01). However, there was a significant difference between diets containing 45 and 15% concentrate level (P<0.01). The difference between control diet and other diets containing different levels of concentrates were significant (P<0.01). The total purine derivatives excretion and microbial nitrogen synthesis in rumen increased from 14.5 in control diet to 18.11, 21.58 and 24.55 mmol/day and from 38.76 in control diet to 60.44, 81.48 and 99.43 g/day in buffalos fed diets containing 15, 30 and 45% concentrate, respectively. The results of this experiment indicated that increasing the concentrate level in diet of swamp buffaloes increases the amount of microbial protein synthesized in rumen.
Hydrogeological responses to the 2016 Gyeongju earthquakes, Korea

Abstract. The September 12, 2016 Gyeongju earthquakes (M5.1 and M5.8) had significant effects on groundwater systems along the Yangsan Fault System composed of NNE-trending, right-lateral strike-slip faults in Korea. Hydrological changes induced by the earthquakes are important because no surface ruptures have been reported and few earthquakes usually occur in Korea. The main objective of this research was to propose a conceptual model interpreting the possible mechanisms of groundwater response to the earthquakes based on anomalous hydrogeochemical data including isotope (radon, strontium) concentrations with bedrock characteristics. To analyze the hydraulic changes resulting from the earthquakes, annual monitoring data of groundwater level, temperature, and electrical conductivity and collected data of hydrochemical parameters, radon-222, and strontium isotopes were collected during January 2017. Groundwater level anomalies could be attributed to the movement of the epicentral strike-slip fault. Radon concentration data showed the potential of groundwater mixing processes. Strontium anomalies could be related to the lithology and stratigraphy of the bedrock, reflecting the effect of water–rock interaction. Using a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) statistical analysis, associations of hydro-geochemical characteristics among groundwater wells were interpreted. By combining the grouped results of the SOM with lithostratigraphic unit data, 21 groundwater wells were classified into four groups, each corresponding to different hydrogeological behaviors. A new comprehensive conceptual model was developed to explain possible mechanisms for the hydrological and geochemical responses in each group, which have been respectively identified as water–rock interaction, mixing of shallow and deep aquifers via sea water intrusion, bedrock fracture opening related to strike-slip fault movement, and no response.
Segmental variation in the activity and function of the equine longissimus dorsi muscle during walk and trot

Muscle function depends in part on the interplay between its activity and its length within the stretch-shortening cycle. The longissimus dorsi is a large epaxial muscle running along the thoracic and lumbar regions of the equine back. Due to its anatomical positioning, the longissimus dorsi has the capability of contributing to many functions: developing bending moments in the dorsoventral and lateral (coupled to axial rotation) directions and also providing stiffness to limit motion in these directions. We hypothesize that the exact function of the longissimus dorsi will vary along the back and between gaits as the relation between activity and motion of the back changes. Electromyograms (EMG) were recorded at walk (inclined and level) and trot (on the level) on a treadmill from the longissimus dorsi at muscle segments T14, T16, T18 and L2. Back motion was additionally measured using a fibre-optic goniometer. Co-contractions of the muscle between its left and right sides were quantified using correlation analysis. A greater dominance of unilateral activity was found at more cranial segments and for level walking, suggesting a greater role of the longissimus dorsi in developing lateral bending moments. Timing of the EMG varied between muscle segments relative to the gait cycle, the locomotor condition tested and the flexion–extension cycle of the back. This supports the hypothesis that the function of the longissimus dorsi changes along the back and between gaits.
Acute Effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on Peak Torque and Muscle Imbalance

Background: The effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching on muscle imbalance are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to examine the acute effects of PNF stretching on knee extension and flexion peak torque (PT), as well as the conventional and functional hamstrings to quadriceps (H:Q) ratios. Methods: Fifteen men (age = 22 ± 1 years; body mass = 76 ± 12 kg; height = 176 ± 7 cm) and fifteen women (age = 22 ± 2 years; body mass = 63 ± 8 kg; height = 161 ± 5 cm) performed concentric quadriceps and hamstrings, and eccentric hamstrings muscle actions at different angular velocities (60, 180, and 300°·s−1 concentric; 60 and 180°·s−1 eccentric) before and after a bout of PNF stretching, and a control condition. Results: Neither PNF or control conditions affected concentric PT or H:Q ratios (p > 0.05), apart from knee extension at 60°·s−1 in men (p = 0.001). However, there was a reduction in hamstrings eccentric PT in both control and PNF conditions for men and women (p = 0.003). Conclusions: PNF stretching of the hamstrings may not adversely affect the H:Q ratios, and consequently not negatively affect injury risk associated with muscular strength imbalances.
Privacy Against Many Arbitrary Low-sensitivity Queries

We consider privacy-preserving data analysis, in which a trusted curator, holding an n-row database filled with personal information, is presented with a large setQ of queries about the database. Each query is a function, mapping the database to a real number. The curator’s task is to return relatively accurate responses to all queries, while simultaneously protecting the privacy of the individual database rows. An active area of research on this topic seeks algorithms ensuring differential privacy, a powerful notion of privacy that protects against all possible linkage attacks and composes automtically and obliviously, in a manner whose worst-case behavior is easily understood. Highly accurate differentially private algorithms exist for many types of datamining tasks and analyses, beginning with counting queries of the form “How many rows in the database satsify Property P? ” Accuracy must decrease as the number of queries grows. For the special case of counting queries known techniques permit distortion whose dependence on n and|Q| is �(n 2/3 log|Q|) [1] or �( p nlog 2 |Q|) [8]. This paper describes the first solution for large setsQ of arbitrary queries for which the presence or absence of a single datum has small effect on the outcome.
Location of fines in mechanical pulp handsheets using scanning electron microscopy

Notre rapport donne la description d'une methode permettant d'identifier les fines dans les microphotographies des formettes. Les fines sont isolees, halogenees avec du chlore ou du brome et melangees de nouveau avec la fraction des fibres longues pour confectionner les formettes. Les formettes enrobees sont ensuite examinees au moyen d'un microscope electronique a balayage en faisant appel aux images obtenus par electrons retrodiffuses. La masse atomique moyenne des fines halogenees differe suffisamment de celle de la fraction des fibres non traitees et de celle du polymere d'enrobage pour produire des images a contraste eleve obtenues par electrons retrodiffuses. L'halogenation n'a que peu d'effet sur les proprietes de resistance des formettes. Selon leur dimension et leur type, les fines peuvent remplir plusieurs fonctions structurelles. Elles agissent comme des petites fibres ; elles remplissent les interstices ; et elles colmatent les ouvertures dans la structure des fibres longues. Quand elles se presentent sous une forme laminaire, elles se deposent uniformement sur la surface exterieure des fibres et, dans certaines occasions, favorisent directement la formation d'une liaison entre deux fibres.