Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between the Cognitive Underpinnings of Addiction and Compulsive Eating Behavior

Obesity is a national epidemic that jeopardizes individual longevity and incurs significant increases in both healthcare and employee assistance program costs (Anderson, 2008; Cawley, Rizzo, & Haas, 2007). Subsequently, efforts are mounting to encourage healthy lifestyles and support individuals wishing to proactively improve their health (Grawitch, Ledford, Ballard, & Barber, 2009; Heinen & Darling, 2009; Pronk & Kottke, 2009; Quick, 1999). An implicit personality measure may assist in identifying the cognitive biases that present obstacles to these efforts. Specifically, this study examined the relationship between the implicit cognitions related to addiction and an assessment of compulsive eating behavior. Results indicated that reliance on the implicit cognitions related to addiction are significantly related (r = .31) to outcomes associated with overeating. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Student Disengagement in Relation to Expected and Unexpected Educational Pathways

Students' different educational pathways were examined in relation to their disengagement during adolescence. The participants were Icelandic youth (N = 832) who were followed from age 14 to 22. Based on their academic achievement at age 15 and educational attainment at age 22 they were classified into groups that took expected versus unexpected paths. The findings indicate that adolescents' behavioral disengagement (negative school behaviors) and emotional disengagement (academic disinterest, disidentification with school) differentiated according to their pathways. At age 14, those “at risk” academically who graduated unexpectedly showed fewer negative behaviors than the expected dropouts. Moreover, high achievers who dropped out unexpectedly showed more behavioral (negative behaviors) as well as emotional (academic disinterest, disidentification with school) disengagement compared to expected graduates. The following year (age 15), in general, disengagement increased among unexpected dropouts but decreased among expected graduates. Males and students from lower-SES backgrounds were generally more disengaged, and males from those backgrounds became more emotionally disengaged during their last year in compulsory school.
Survival estimates of Northern Gannets Morus bassanus in Alderney: big data but low confidence

ABSTRACT Capsule: There has been a linear increase in the survival rates for both adult and juvenile Northern Gannets Morus bassanus breeding on Alderney in the English Channel. However, given large confidence intervals, improved monitoring is required to better evaluate threats to this population. Aims: To estimate the age-specific survival and reporting rate from an internationally important population of Northern Gannets M. bassanus breeding at one of the southernmost colonies for this species. Methods: We use 28 years of ringing and recovery data in order to estimate age-specific survival and reporting rates. Results: Adult and juvenile survival rates differ, and both survival and reporting rates are considerably lower in first-year birds than older birds. Additionally there is an increasing linear trend in survival rates over time, and a decreasing trend in reporting rates. Conclusion: Threats to Gannets from anthropogenic disturbance are likely to be age and population specific. While these rates point towards continued growth of this population, the confidence intervals around our estimates are large, highlighting the need for improved resighting efforts in long-term studies of this nature.
Theory of CRM acquired by grain growth, and its implications for TRM discrimination and palaeointensity determination in igneous rocks

SUMMARY The behaviour of grain-growth CRM in SD grains can be predicted using Neel's (1949) theory for the acquisition of TRM. This theoretical approach suggests that the ratio of CRM to TRM will not be constant throughout the grain-size range for either magnetite or haematite. Hence the blocking-temperature spectra for CRM and TRM in an identical set of magnetic grains will be different, and grain-growth CRM can be identified by non-linear palaeointensity plots over certain temperature intervals. It is shown that on thermal demagnetization both CRM and TRM should unblock at the same temperature, Tb, but their magnitudes will be different, because the net fractional alignment for CRM is controlled by the blocking volume and the reaction temperature, while that for TRM is controlled by the final volume and the blocking temperature. CRM/TRM ratios for magnetite and haematite are calculated using the standard relaxation-time equation, and experimental values of spontaneous magnetization as a function of temperature. Calculation of CRM/TRM ratios for actual examples of spectra suggest that grain-growth CRM in both magnetite and haematite can be distinguished from TRM on the basis of a Thellier-Thellier palaeointensity experiment for data that span a temperature interval from room temperature up to at least 450 "C, or for smaller, high-temperature intervals. However, grain-growth CRM cannot be distinguished from TRM if pTRM checks fail below about 400°C, as the CRM/TRM ratio is close to 1 below this temperature. Single-domain CRM grown over laboratory time-scales should always be smaller than a laboratory TRM according to this model, while natural CRM formed over much longer times than available in the laboratory may be as much as twice as strong as TRM. Multidomain grain-growth CRM may always be larger than TRM, due to the difficulty of nucleating domain walls during low-temperature crystal growth.
Effects of Corporate Governance Structures on Enterprise Risk Management Practices in Malaysia

The risk management requirement, as part of best corporate governance practices has become compulsory for the public listed companies (PLCs) in Malaysia. This study examines on the existing governance structures including establishment of Risk Management Committee (RMC), board independence, auditor quality and institutional ownerships would influence the extent of enterprise risk management (ERM) practices. The study derived the aggregate ERM scores in measuring the relevant control and risk management practices of PLCs. For the purpose of the study, governance structure is proxied by RMC, board independence, auditor quality and institutional ownerships. Using a sample of large companies, data were regressed using regression analysis, based on three regression models. The study found that the establishment of RMC provided greater awareness of ERM within particular organization. However, the other governance variables have made less contribution to the risk management awareness and practices within a particular organization.
The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction on the Relationship between Personality Traits and Premature Sign-Off

The objective of this study was to examine job satisfaction as a mediator of the relationship between personality traits (conscientiousness and neuroticism) and dysfunctional audit behaviour (premature sign-off). The data were collected using a random sampling method from internal auditors employed in Jordanian public shareholding companies (N=187). The findings from the analyses provide support for the hypothesis that job satisfaction mediates the relationship between personality traits and premature sign-offs. Specifically, the study found evidence that neuroticism yielded a strong negative relationship with job satisfaction and a positive relationship with premature sign-off. The study also found that conscientiousness had a positive relationship with job satisfaction and no direct relationship with premature sign-off.
Homomorphisms on algebras of Lipschitz functions

We characterize a class of ∗-homomorphisms on Lip∗(X,B(H)), a noncommutative Banach ∗-algebra of Lipschitz functions on a compact metric space and with values in B(H). We show that the zero map is the only multiplicative ∗-preserving linear functional on Lip∗(X,B(H)). We also establish the algebraic reflexivity property of a class of ∗-isomorphisms on Lip∗(X,B(H)).
The Effect of Billboards within the Gaming Environment

Abstract Players from all demographic groups are spending more and more of their leisure time playing multiplayer online games. As such, the gaming environment may be a more suitable vehicle to reach target markets. This study assessed whether advertising in the form of embedded billboards has an impact on the online gamer. Even though they could recall passing the billboards many of the players could not recall the names of either the products or the brands after the gaming session. This was possibly due to the immersive nature of the game with peripheral details not fully registering. The embedded billboards within the game had very limited impact on either the enhancement of the game experience or on product purchase intentions.
Dimensionality effects on the Holstein polaron

Based on a recently developed variational method, we explore the properties of the Holstein polaron on an infinite lattice in D dimensions, where 1≤D≤4. The computational method converges as a power law, so that highly accurate results can be achieved with modest resources. We present the most accurate ground state energy (with no small parameter) to date for polaron problems, 21 digits for the one-dimensional (ID) polaron at intermediate coupling. The dimensionality effects on polaron band dispersion, effective mass, and electron-phonon (el-ph) correlation functions are investigated in all coupling regimes. It is found that the crossover to large effective mass of the higher-dimensional polaron is much sharper than the 1D polaron. The correlation length between the electron and phonons decreases significantly as the dimension increases. Our results compare favorably with those of the quantum Monte Carlo, dynamical mean-field theory, density-matrix renormalization-group, and Toyozawa variational methods. We demonstrate that the Toyozawa wave function is qualitatively correct for the ground-state energy and the two-point electron-phonon correlation functions, but fails for the three-point functions. Based on this finding, we propose an improved Toyozawa variational wave function.
Air conduction hearing thresholds of young and older Japanese adults for pure tones from 125 Hz to 16 kHz

This Technical Report presents air conduction hearing thresholds measured for pure tones at conventional audiometric frequencies (CAFs) from 125 Hz to 8 kHz and extended high frequencies (EHFs) from 8 kHz to 16 kHz, using apparatus and procedures in accordance with relevant ISO and IEC standards. The subjects were 490 otologically normal Japanese adults aged 18-83 years. Descriptive statistics of their threshold levels are presented in graphical and tabular forms to show the age-related decline of hearing sensitivity and its individual differences. The change in hearing sensitivity of older adults at CAFs was smaller, in general, than the standard values according to ISO 7029:2000, in which the amount of hearing sensitivity decline is estimated as a function of age. The threshold data presented in this report may serve as a basis for revising the international standard. In addition, measurement results at EHFs revealed that the responses of older subjects could be unreliable at the highest frequencies because of an unwanted sound in a lower frequency region generated with test tone presentation. Threshold values at extended high frequencies should be treated with caution.
The Effect of Teaching Communication Strategies on Iranian EFL Learners’ Speaking Self- efficacy in Content-based Courses

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching communication strategies on students’ self-efficacy in speaking in content-based courses in Iranian EFL context. To this end, 30 students in two content-based classes, one as the experimental group and another as the control group, in SAMA private junior high school school in Tabriz, participated in this study. Communication strategy instruction was taught explicitly over a period of 16 one-hour sessions to the experimental group, while the control group didn’t receive any explicit communication strategy teaching. Data on the learners’ self-efficacy in speaking were collected through a researcher made questionnaire. The results of the data analysis using ANCOVA revealed the positive effect of teaching communication strategies (CSs) on students’ self efficacy in speaking in content-based courses in Iranian EFL context. The findings of this study have important implications for material developers for designing activities involving communication strategies and for teacher training programs for teaching communication strategies to improve learners’ self-efficacy regarding speaking skill.
Tartu University Department of Psychology Astra Schults CHILD’S EVALUATIONS OF HYPOTHETICAL TRANSGRESSIONS OF SOCIAL RULES: FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE JUDGMENT Master’s thesis Supervisor: prof

This study examined children’s evaluations of descriptions of hypothetical transgressions of different social rules. 84 children between the ages 5 to 14 were divided into 4 groups according to age (5, 7, 11 and 14 yr). Children gave evaluations of the descriptions of 12 social rules. Each description was presented twice – transgressed by another child or by the child him/herself. In addition, teachers of the children rated the frequency of actual transgressions. The evaluations of severity of transgressions depended on social domain (e.g., transgressing moral norms was evaluated to be more severe than transgressing conventions or personal rules) as well as on particular content of a description. The 5year-olds gave the most severe evaluations of the transgressions.
Research of the impact of agricultural policies on the efficiency of farms

Common Agricultural Policy is one of the oldest as well as one of the most expensive policies of the European Union. Common Agricultural Policy accounted for circa 40 % of the European Union’s budget. The aim of the presented paper is the analysis of agricultural policy impact on the agrarian subjects in Slovakia in the period 2007 – 2013. The source of the data is Information Sheets of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Slovak Republic. There is no significant technical inefficiency present when the production function model is applied with the subsidies as the part of the revenues. The subsidies might be considered as the input to motivate subjects and to increase the amount of the sales’ revenues. However, production function model shows negative effect of the subsidies on the sales’ revenues.
Assessment of Intertemporal Preferences in Type-2 Diabetes Patients and Smokers

The experiment assess the role of cortisol concentration on bloodstream as determinant of the intertemporal choice and timing in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and smokers. We analyze the temporal discount function and their timing function. Comparisons of the temporal discount indexes (F(2,147)=79.858, p <0.01) and time perception (F(2,147)=49,51, p<0,01) revealed significant differences between control group and T2DM and smokers. We concluded that the choices for delayed rewards and the timing of T2DM patients and smokers were mediated by the cortisol concentration in the bloodstream; the higher the concentration of cortisol in the bloodstream, the higher the likelihood to choose immediate rewards over larger delayed rewards and the higher the tendency to overestimate the passage of time.
Epidemiologic and Etiologic Evaluation of Acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Cardiac Surgery ICU Patients

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common acquired infections in hospitalized patients. The most common nosocomial infections in hospitals occur in intensive care units. Occurrence of UTI in severely compromised patients significantly increases the hospitalization period and treatment costs. The aim of the present study was the epidemiologic and etiologic evaluation of acquired UTI in cardiac surgery ICU patients. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 500 patients in the cardiac surgery ICU in Tabriz Madani hospital were evaluated for a period of 1 year. The acquired UTI was diagnosed by the positive urine culture result (number of microorganisms<105/mL) 48 hours after hospitalization or 48 hours after discharge from ICU. In patients with positive culture results, anti-bactrial sensitivity test was carried out by modified Kriby-Bauer method in relation to Amikacin, Gentamicin, Co-Trimoxazole, Ciprofloxacin and Ceftazidime. A total of 500 patients, 309 males and 191 females, with a mean age of 48.95±22.83 years were included in the study. All the patients had urinary catheters. Acquired UTI diagnosed in 8 subjects (1.6%), 7 males and 1 female, with a mean age of 62.88 years (mean standard error=40.7; age range=41-78 years). All the subjects were married. From each patient one microorganism was isolated: Enterobacter aerogenes (37.5%); Candida albicans (25%); Escherichia coli (25%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.5%). Antimicrobial sensitivity test revealed only one case of E coli resistant to Co-Trimoxazole. The results of the present study showed a low prevalence of acquired UTI in the ICU under study. Although the microorganisms isolated were similar to those reported in other studies, a low rate of resistance to commonly used antibiotics was observed.
Jordanian Teachers’ Awareness of Their Role in the Classroom

This study aimed at investigating the Jordanian teachers’ awareness of their roles in the classroom. The independent variables investigated were gender, experience, and specialization, teaching load, and academic qualifications. A questionnaire was used to collect the data necessary to answer the study questions. Correlation coefficient, Five-way ANOVA, means, and standard deviations were used to analyze the data collected. The sample of the study consisted of Jordanian teachers working at Jordanian schools in rural areas in the North of Jordan. The findings of the study revealed that Jordanian teachers’ awareness of role Applicability and Practice was “High”. The “High” awareness of role was attributed to many different reasons.
Nitrogen starvation in marine Synechococcus strains: clonal differences in phycobiliprotein breakdown and energy coupling

The effect of nitrogen starvation on photosynthetic pigments and energy coupling was compared in Synechococcus sp. (Cyanophyta) strains originating from oceanic (oligotrophic) or coastal (eutrophic) marine environments. A survey indicated that those of oceanic or subtropical origin retained a greater fraction (55 to 98 %) of their major phycobiliprotein during a 24 h nitrogen starvation period compared to coastal strains (30 to 44 %) For 3 strains studied in detail, nitrogen starvation caused a significant (> 85 ' :L) loss of phycoerythrin from Synechococcussp. WH8018 after 24 h, but only a minor loss (< 25 %) from Synechococcus sp. WH7803 or WH8103 after 3 d starvation. All 3 strains exhibited reduced gross oxygen evolution dunng the first 24 h of starvation, however, indicating a reduction in energy transfer from phycoerythrin to the electron transport chain. Changes during starvation in the in vivo fluorescence excitation and emission spectra indicated a small degree of uncoupling of phycoerythrin from allophycocyanin in Synechococcus sp. WH7803 and MrH8103 but not Synechococcus sp. WH8018. In neither case could it account for the measured loss in photosynthetic efficiency, however. The unusual nature of phycobiliprotein regulation in oceanic strains may reflect an adaptation to episodic (few days time scale) inputs of limiting nutnents to oligotrophic surface waters, thus providing a mechanism for more rapid rejuvenation.
An Empirical Analysis of Earnings Management in Australia

This is a comprehensive large-sample study of Australian earnings management. Using a sample of 4,844 firm-year observations across nine Australia industries from 2000 to 2006, we find substantial corporate earnings management activity across several Australian industries. We document strong evidence of size and return on assets being primary determinants of earnings management in Australia. The effects of size and return on assets are also found to be dominant in both income-increasing and income-decreasing earnings manipulation. We also document that that periphery sector firms are more likely to involve larger magnitude of earnings management than firms in the core sector.
First Report on Multidrug-Resistant of Enterobacteria Isolated from Household Periplaneta americana Cockroaches in Ho Chi Minh City of Vietnam

Cockroach is one of environmental bacterial indicator organism. Warm and humid condition, crowded population, street market and unseparated hospital sector in Ho Chi Minh city facilitate growth and propagate of pathogens in population with help of cockroaches. Study of enterobacterial profile of 40 household cockroaches captured in central districts of Ho Chi Minh city showed high percent of Klebsiella (50.8%) and Enterobacter (25.4%). Furthermore, we isolated 3 strains that resistant to 6 tested antibiotics (Ampicilline, Cefotaxime, Cefoxitin, Gentamicin, Streptomycine and Tetracyclin) such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes and Enterobacter cloacae. These results showed that there are multidrug-resistant pathogen bacterial populations that could propagate via household cockroaches and threaten public health in Ho Chi Minh city.
Quantum corrections in nanoplasmonics & deep neural network training with reverse supervision

The classical theory of plasmonics fails dramatically at geometric length scales below 30 nm, due to quantum phenomena like electronic spill-out of the wave function, nonlocality and Landau damping. An alternative to the quantum descriptions of the hydrodynamic model or the time-dependent density functional theory is the perturbative theory derived by Feibelman in 1982. Other authors (Apell and Ljungbert, and Christensen et al.) have applied this theory to compute quantum corrections for the spectral properties of single particles. Here, we extend their work to develop analytical and numerical tools in order to compute quantum corrections in coupled plasmonic nanostructures. The second part of this thesis is focused on neural networks training supervision. We present an alternative technique to the common forward supervision, and we give a theoretical support for our proposal by means of the mutual information theory. As a first experiment, our algorithm improved the accuracy of ResNet trained on CIFAR-10.
Effects of tapering on maximum aerobic power in indoor soccer players

3 Abstract - The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of tapering on maximum aerobic power (VO 2 max) in young male indoor soccer athletes. Participants were 78 athletes aged 12-17 years randomly divided into experimental (EG) and control group (CG). Both groups did the same training planning until the last three weeks (tapering phase). Only EG performed tapering. Tapering lasted three weeks adopting the linear tapering method. VO 2 max was estimated by Yo-Yo intermittent Recovery Level 1 early in the season and in the last week of each. Univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was conducted for repeated measures to compare VO 2 max among groups according to mesocycle. The results presented effect of time (F (4.74) = 42.02, p = 0.01) and group (F (2.76) = 35.87, p = 0.01). Overall, the findings of this study suggest that the implementation of the tapering strategy in the last weeks of training is more efficient to improve VO 2 max than the constant maintenance of loads.