Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHER KNOWLEDGE OF LITERACY: AN ANALYSIS OF TWO PREPARATION PROGRAMS' EFFECTIVENESS IN INCREASING SUBJECT-MATTER KNOWLEDGE AND PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE OF READING COMPREHENSION

AN ANALYSIS OF TWO PREPARATION PROGRAMS’ EFFECTIVENESS IN INCREASING SUBJECT-MATTER KNOWLEDGE AND PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE OF READING COMPREHENSION By Susanne M. James Copyright 2011 B.A., Missouri State University, 1992 M.A., University of Kansas, 2004 Submitted to the Department of Special Education and the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Dissertation Committee:
Experiments in Regionalization of a National Input—Output Table

In this paper the authors present results of a series of experiments in which the input—output structure of the State of Washington (as reflected in 1972 survey-based input—output tables) is approximated from similar data for the nation (as given in the 1967 survey-based US tables). Variants of two kinds of nonsurvey approaches are employed. These are purely-nonsurvey methods (including, for example, adjustments according to simple location quotient measures) and partial-survey techniques (such as the RAS method). Comparisons between nonsurvey results and the Washington data are made on the basis both of regional coefficient matrices and of their Leontief inverses. Comparisons are also made with the results of several other studies that have utilized similar nonsurvey approaches. Certain procedures appear promising, especially when used in combination with survey estimates of regional value added and/or exports.
Compact hardware implementation of advanced encryption standard with concurrent error detection

A compact, efficient and highly reliable implementation of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is the desirable encryption core for any practical low-end embedded application. In this thesis we design and implement a compact hardware AES system with concurrent error detection. -- We investigate various architectures for compact AES implementations in 0.18 μm CMOS technology. We first explore a new compact digital hardware implementation of the AES s-boxes applying the discovery of linear redundancy in the AES s-boxes. Although the new circuit has a small size, the speed of this implementation is also reduced. Encryption architectures without key scheduling that employ four s-boxes and only one s-box are implemented using the new AES s-boxes, as well as based on other compact s-box structures. The comparison of the implementations based on different architectures and s-box structures indicates that the implementation using four s-boxes based on arithmetic operations in GF(2⁴) has the best trade-off of area and speed. Therefore, using this s-box implementation, a complete encryption-decryption architecture with key scheduling employing the four s-box structure is implemented. In order to be adaptive to various practical applications, we optimize the implementation with the four s-box structure to support five different operation modes. -- In addition, high reliability and resistance to malicious attacks are achieved by applying concurrent error detection technology. After the studies of fault models and practical fault induction techniques, two concurrent error detection schemes based on both parity code and hardware redundancy are proposed and implemented. The proposed 16-bit and 32-bit parity code based concurrent error detection schemes achieve 100% detection for single injected faults and detection of many multiple faults with about 67% hardware overhead to the original AES compact hardware implementation.
Nanophotonic applications of fs-laser radiation induced nanostructures and their theoretical description

: We present the analysis of the optical properties of two different fs-laser-induced nanostructures which possess great potential for near-field applications due to their sub-100 nm features. The first structures are standing gold nanojets generated by irradiation of thin gold films with single pulses of fs-laser radiation. Due to their upright standing orientation, the characteristic extinction resonances of these nanojets are studied by grazing incidence infrared spectroscopy with p-polarized radiation. The resonance wavelength strongly depends on the lateral extent of the nanojet and can be tailored by adjusting the focusing numerical aperture and the applied pulse energy. The observed correlation between the lateral extent of the nanojet and the resonance wavelength is described by the monopole model of a linear antenna. The second type of structures under investigation are fs-laser-induced sub-wavelength ripples on silicon. Ripple structures of different geometrical shape are generated and coated with a thin gold film. Here, the metallic cover layer allows for the excitation of surface plasmons. Based on the generated surface pro-files, the corresponding plasmonic resonances are simulated. Angle-resolved UV-VIS spectroscopy measurements are performed and the resulting plasmonic dispersion relation of these structures is compared to the calculated resonance conditions. The plasmonic resonances and additional experiments of the surface structures reveal insights into the localized or propagation nature of the plasmonic modes excited on generated surface profiles.
Reconhecimento de entidades nomeadas na área da geologia: bacias sedimentares brasileiras

O tratamento da informacao textual torna-se cada vez mais relevante para muitos dominios. Nesse sentido, uma das primeira tarefas para Extracao de Informacoes a partir de textos e o Reconhecimento de Entidades Nomeadas (REN), que consiste na identificacao de referencias feitas a determinadas entidades e sua classificacao. REN compreende muitos dominios, entre eles os mais usuais sao medicina e biologia. Um dos dominios desafiadores no reconhecimento de EN e o de Geologia, sendo essa uma area carente de recursos linguisticos computacionais. A presente tese propoe um metodo para o reconhecimento de EN relevantes no dominio da Geologia, subarea Bacia Sedimentar Brasileira, em textos da lingua portuguesa. Definiram-se features genericas e geologicas para a geracao do modelo de aprendizado. Entre as abordagens automaticas para classificacao de EN, a mais proeminente e o modelo probabilistico Conditional Random Fields (CRF). O CRF tem sido utilizado eficazmente no processamento de textos em linguagem natural. A fim de gerar um modelo de aprendizado foi criado o GeoCorpus, um corpus de referencia para REN Geologicas, anotado por especialistas. Avaliacoes experimentais foram realizadas com o objetivo de comparar o metodo proposto com outros classificadores. Destacam-se os melhores resultados para o CRF, o qual alcancou 76,78% e 54,33% em Precisao e Medida-F.
A TSK-type fuzzy neural network (TFNN) systems for dynamic systems identification

In this paper, a TSK-type fuzzy neural network system (TFNN) for identifying unknown dynamic systems is proposed. The TFNN system can learn its knowledge base from input-output training data. Thus, the unknown system is represented as several if-then rules with TSK-type consequent parts. The TFNN system can be randomly initialized and then trained by the back-propagation algorithm. Several examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Coalitional Affinity Games and the Stability Gap

We present and analyze coalitional affinity games, a family of hedonic games that explicitly model the value that an agent receives from being associated with other agents. We provide a characterization of the social-welfare maximizing coalition structures, and study the stability properties of affinity games, using the core solution concept. Interestingly, we observe that members of the core do not necessarily maximize social welfare. We introduce a new measure, the stability-gap to capture this difference. Using the stability gap, we show that for an interesting class of coalitional affinity games, the difference between the social welfare of a stable coalition structure and a social welfare maximizing coalition structure is bounded by a factor of two, and that this bound is tight.
An Overview of the Singularity Project

Abstract. Singularity is a research project in Microsoft Research that started with the question: what would a software platform look like if it was designed from scratch with the primary goal of dependability? Singularity is working to answer this question by building on advances in programming languages and tools to develop a new system architecture and operating system (named Singularity), with the aim of producing a more robust and dependable software platform. Singularity demonstrates the practicality of new technologies and architectural decisions, which should lead to the construction of more robust and dependable systems.
Towards a new paradigm of human-robot-computer interaction

The merging of two lines of research, human-computer interaction and human-robot interaction, can lead to a field of research that might be called human-robot-computer interaction. Human-robot-computer interaction is a research field for understanding how multiple humans, robots and computers interact with each other, and generating effective design methodologies for their interaction. Towards this end, the author launched a project called PRIME (Physically-grounded human-Robot-computer Interaction in Multiagent Environment). Its goal is to develop keen knowledge for understanding and designing human-robot-computer interaction, in which humans can naturally behave and cooperate with each other by using multiple robots and computers. The aim is to systematically integrate autonomous mobile robots into open and distributed computer networks and their interface systems so as to integrate the information world of computers with the physical world of humans and robots. It seems that this approach is conceptually new to people both in computer science and in robotics. The author presents some fundamental problems in human-robot-computer interaction, following a brief summary of related work. Next, some results obtained in PRIME project are described, followed by concluding remarks. <<ETX>>
Piropos As Metaphors For Gender Roles In Spanish Speaking Cultures

Abstract This paper analyzes the piropo in Spanish discourse as a speech event and as cognitive metaphor. This form of indirect speech act represents a Spanish discourse tradition that is still present in today's discourse practices of Spanish-speaking cultures. These piropos are seen as reflections in language of the traditional roles of men and women in Spanish speaking cultures. The roles of men and women as depicted in the analysis of piropos shows a very defined place for each sex in these societies. Women are constructed as passive recipients and reactive, men as active producers and initiators. Keywords: piropos, cognitive metaphors, metaphor, gender roles.
Acoustic Analysis of Speech

Introduction To The Study Of Speech Acoustics. The Acoustic Theory Of Speech Production. Introduction To The Acoustic Analysis Of Speech. The Acoustic Characteristics Of Vowels And Diphthongs. The Acoustic Characteristics Of Consonants. The Acoustic Correlates Of Speaker Characteristics. Suprasegmental Properties Of Speech. Speech Synthesis. Glossary. References.
Spice: The Theory and Practice of Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination

From the Publisher: The SPICE (Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination) Project is a joint effort by the ISO and IEC to create an international standard for software process assessment. This book covers both the theory of SPICE and its practical applications, including the lessons learned from the SPICE trials. It includes a valuable automated tool on CD-ROM to help you apply the concepts presented in the book. The text shows the evolution of the most recent developments in the SPICE project. It documents the major products and the empirical evaluations that have been conducted thus far. The book is jointly written by the key experts involved in the SPICE project. The theory chapters describe the rationale behind the architecture and the contents of the V1.0 and V2.0 document set and how to interpret them. The remaining chapters describe the applications and how that make use of the theory behind them.
Lessons Learned From Using an Asynchronous Online Discussion Board to Facilitate Scientific Thinking in a Large Cognitive Psychology Lecture Class

Students' responses to scientific reasoning questions posted on an online discussion board were coded for completeness, coherence, accuracy, use of evidence, reasoning, and comprehensibility. Early performance was low for every dimension. By the end of the term, ratings of coherence and completeness increased but use of evidence decreased, and other dimensions stayed the same. Implications regarding the types of feedback students need to improve their understanding and use of scientific argumentation are discussed.
Frequency Analysis and Sheared Filtering for Multidimensional Effects in Rendering

Many of the most expensive effects in rendering are those that require integrating complex multidimensional signals. Computation for a single pixel can require hundreds of samples, and standard methods do not provide a mathematically sound way to share samples between pixels with overlapping integrands. This thesis first analyzes the underlying signals for motion blur and occlusion and identifies the sparse structure of these signals in the Fourier domain. We then leverage this information to design a sheared filter that is customized to each pixel's frequency content. We finally present practical algorithms that share samples between pixels, reduce sampling requirements by an order of magnitude, and provide significant speedups for many of the most expensive computations in computer graphics.
Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies - Volume 1

Welcome to the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics in Portland, Oregon. ACL is perhaps the longest-running conference series in computer science. Amazingly, it is still growing. We expect this year's ACL to attract an even larger number of participants than usual, since 2011 happens to be an off-year for COLING, EACL and NAACL.
Analysing student interaction processes in order to improve collaboration. The DEGREE approach

Computer mediated collaborative learning allows the recording of a large amount of data about the interaction processes and the task performance of a group of students. This empirical data is a very rich source to mine for a variety of purposes. Some purposes are of practical nature like, for instance, the improvement of peer awareness on the on-going work. Other purposes are of a more long-term and fundamental scope such as to understand socio- cognitive correlations between collaboration and learning. Manual approaches to fully monitor and exploit these data are out of the question. A mixture of computational methods to organise and extract information from all this rough material together with partial and focused in-depth manual analysis seems a more feasible and scalable framework. In this paper we present an approach to characterise group and individual behaviour in computer-supported collaborative work in terms of a set of attributes. In this way a process-oriented qualitative description of a mediated group activity is given from three perspectives: (i) a group performance in reference to other groups, (ii) each member in reference to other members of the group, and (iii) the group by itself. In our approach collaboration is conversation-based. Then we propose a method to automatically compute these attributes for processes where joint activity and interactions are carried out by means of semi-structured messages. The final set of attributes has been fixed through an extensive period of iterative design and experimentation. Our design approach allows us to extract relevant information at different levels of abstraction. Visualization and global behavior analysis tools are discussed. Shallow analyses as presented in this paper are needed and useful to tackle with a large amount of information, in order to enhance computer- mediated support.
Sensor Array Signal Processing

From the Publisher: Sensors arrays are used in diverse applications across a broadrange of disciplines. Regardless of the application, however, the tools of sensor array signal processing remain the same. Furthermore, whether your interest is in acoustic, seismic, mechanical, or electromagnetic wavefields, they all have a common mathematical framework. Mastering this framework and those tools lays a strong foundation for more specialized study and research. Sensor Array Signal Processing helps build that foundation. It unravels the underlying principles of the subject without reference to any particular application. Instead, the author focuses on the common threads that exist in wavefield analysis. After introducing the basic equations governing different wavefields, the treatment includes topics from simple beamformation, spatial filtering, and high resolution DOA estimation to imaging and reflector mapping. It studies different types of sensor configurations, but focuses on the uniform linear and circular arrays-the most useful configurations for understanding array systems in practice. Unique in its approach, depth, and quantitative focus, Sensor Array Signal Processing offers the ideal starting point and an outstanding reference for those working or interested in medical imaging, astronomy, radar, communications, sonar, seismology-any field that studies propagating wavefields. Its clear exposition, numerical examples, exercises, and wide applicability impart a broad picture of array signal processing unmatched by any other text on the market.
Refinement Calculus: A Systematic Introduction

From the Publisher: The authors begin with a presentation of a new foundation for the refinement calculus based on lattice theory and higher order logic, together with a simple theory of program variables. The second part of the book describes the predicate transformer approach to programming logic and program semantics as well as the refinement calculus. The authors examine contracts, games, and program statements and show how their operational semantics is related to their predicate transformer interpretation. The third part of the book shows how to handle recursion and iteration in the refinement calculus and also describes how to use the calculus to reason about two-person games. Also presented are case studies of program refinement. In the final part, the book addresses specific issues related to program refinement, such as implementing specification statements, making refinements in context, and transforming iterative structures in a correctness preserving way. The book is intended for graduate and advanced undergraduate students interested in the mathematics and logic of systematic program construction as well as for programmers and researchers interested in a deeper understanding of these issues.
A digital true random number generator implemented in different Xilinx FPGAs

In cryptography we often require sequences of numbers with unpredictable elements. Such sequences cannot be produced by purely deterministic systems. A novel method for producing true randomness and increasing the randomness of a combined TRNG using ring oscillators is described. In this paper we show that the proposed method provides similar results for generators implemented using different technologies offered by Xilinx. Thus, the proposed generator can be implemented in different FPGAs with other elements of a cryptographic system.
Interactive whiteboards as potential catalysts of pedagogic change in secondary mathematics teaching

It has been established that the use of interactive whiteboards (IWBs) does not of itself imply interactive pedagogy. Indeed it has been argued that precursors for a change from teacher-centred to interactive pedagogy include a high degree of technical IWB competence. Based on the responses of secondary mathematics teachers at one school to a brief professional learning program we suggest that awareness of the potential of IWBs to enhance student engagement and hence learning, and commitment to collaboration and improved teaching, can motivate experimentation with the technology such that technical competence and pedagogical change occur together.
Everyday Things in Premodern Japan: The Hidden Legacy of Material Culture

Japan was the only non-Western nation to industrialize before 1900 and its leap into the modern era has stimulated vigorous debates among historians and social scientists. In an innovative discussion that posits the importance of physical well-being as a key indicator of living standards, Susan B. Hanley considers daily life in the three centuries leading up to the modern era in Japan. She concludes that people lived much better than has been previously understood - at levels equal or superior to their Western contemporaries. She goes on to illustrate how this high level of physical well-being had important consequences for Japan's ability to industrialize rapidly and for the comparatively smooth transition to a modern, industrial society. While others have used income levels to conclude that the Japanese household was relatively poor in those centuries, Hanley examines the material culture - food, sanitation, housing, and transportation. How did ordinary people conserve the limited resources available in this small island country? What foods made up the daily diet and how were they prepared? How were human wastes disposed of? How long did people live? Hanley answers all these questions and more in an accessible style and with frequent comparisons with Western lifestyles. Her methods allow for cross-cultural comparisons between Japan and the West as well as Japan and the rest of Asia. They will be useful to anyone interested in the effects of modernization on daily life.
Space structure control using moving bank multiple model adaptive estimation

The authors investigate the feasibility of applying moving bank multiple model adaptive estimation algorithms to flexible space structure control. This form of estimation/control is an attempt to reduce the computational loading associated with the implementation of a full-scale multiple-model adaptive estimator/controller. It is shown that the moving bank controller performs nearly identically to a benchmark controller and substantially better than a fixed-bank controller with a coarse discretization level that covers the entire range of parameter variation. <<ETX>>