Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biological Effects of Long‐Duration, High‐Field (4 T) MRI on Growth and Development in the Mouse

The effects of long‐duration, high‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on fetal growth and postnatal development in mice were studied. Seven experimental groups of pregnant ICR mice were exposed for 9 hours on day 9 and/or day 12 post coitus (pc) to magnetic fields (4 T static, 5 T/sec switched gradient, and 0.2 W/kg radiofrequency at 170 MHz) associated with MRI conditions. Two experimental groups (sham and exposure groups) were exposed to a combination of ultrasound (day 9 pc, 3.25 MHz, focused) and MRI‐associated fields (day 12 pc). No statistically significant changes in fetal growth were observed in the animals exposed to only MRI or ultrasound fields. However, in the combined ultrasound and MRI‐exposed group, the fetal weight and crown‐rump length were reduced compared with the sham and cage controls. These results suggest that MRI and ultrasound exposure well in excess of current clinical conditions can exert biological effects if applied at sensitive stages of fetal development. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2000;12:140–149. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Site-specific phosphorylation regulates the transcriptive activity of vesicular stomatitis virus NS protein

In vitro transcription by vesicular stomatitis virus nucleocapsids is inhibited by enzymatic dephosphorylation of the NS protein. We provide evidence that specific, partial dephosphorylation of NS molecules is the only detectable change in nucleocapsids treated with bacterial alkaline phosphatase under conditions that prevent the action of adventitious protease. Dephosphorylation appeared to affect only the rate of transcription; there were no changes in sedimentation rates of transcripts. To identify the sites of phosphorylation required for NS activity in transcription, we examined phosphopeptides produced by chymotrypsin digestion of the two electrophoretic classes of NS molecules found in virions and infected cells. The electrophoretically slower class, NS1, abundant in the intracellular soluble pool, has a lower activity in transcription; it contained six chymotryptic phosphopeptides. Five of these peptides contained both phosphoserine and phosphothreonine, indicating that this peptide cluster represents at least 11 separate sites of phosphorylation. In the electrophoretically faster nucleocapsid-associated NS2 class of molecules, which support a higher rate of transcription, another group of eight phosphopeptides was superimposed on this pattern. Two of these peptides contained both phosphoserine and phosphothreonine, so this cluster of peptides represents at least 10 additional phosphorylation sites. These sites were especially sensitive to dephosphorylation by bacterial alkaline phosphatase. One or more of them appears to be responsible for the higher transcription rates medicated by NS2 molecules.
Acute Pancreatitis and its Clinical Study and Management in Amaravathi Region

Katuri Medical College and Hospital is a tertiary Rural Medical Institution catering to the health needs of surrounding villages of Guntur, Prakasam and Krishna districts. Acute Pancreatitis presenting as acute abdomen is a common surgical emergency encountered in our hospital. Therefore a prospective study of 60 cases of clinically diagnosed acute pancreatitis was undertaken from August 2012 to July 2014. For each and every patient detailed clinical history was recorded and were subjected to serial hematological specific investigations like serum amylase and lipase as well as radiological tests like ultrasonography of the abdomen and contrast enhanced computed tomography in selected cases. Ultrasonography of abdomen is the most in valuable diagnostic test with accuracy of 81.6% in our series. Acute Pancreatitis is a common and challenging disease that can develop both local and systemic complications. The most common causes are alcoholic pancreatitis and gall stone pancreatitis which account for 80% of cases. In our study group, 59 cases were managed conservatively and 01 case had undergone cholecystectomy for gall stone pancreatitis with good post-operative recovery. 01 case had died due to severe gastrointestinal bleeding in spite of medical management in intensive care unit. Hence the main stay of management in Acute Pancreatitis is still conservative in majority of cases, while surgical intervention is required only in few cases of severe acute pancreatitis with complications. The objective of this research study was to correlate between various etiological factors, age and sex prevalence with special emphasis on its uniform and standardized management.
Early initiation of dialysis fails to prolong survival in patients with end-stage renal failure.

ABSTRACT. There is a trend to start dialysis earlier in patients with chronic renal failure. Studies that suggest improved survival from earlier initiation of dialysis are flawed in that they have measured survival from start of dialysis rather than from a time point before dialysis, when patients have the same renal function. This flaw is termed lead-time bias. Using the electronic patient record at the renal unit of Glasgow Royal Infirmary, all patients were identified who had received dialysis for chronic renal failure and who had sufficient data to calculate the time point at which they reached an estimated creatinine clearance (eC Cr ) of 20 ml/min ( n = 275). This date was used to time survival. The patients were divided into early and late start groups by the median eC Cr for all patients at initiation of dialysis, which was 8.3 ml/min. There was no significant benefit in patient survival from earlier initiation of dialysis. A Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated a significant inverse relationship between eC Cr at start of dialysis and survival (hazard ratio, 1.1; P = 0.02), i.e. , patients who started dialysis with a lower eC Cr tended to survive longer. This relationship retained significance when gender, age, weight, presence of diabetes, mode of first dialysis, initial dialysis access, hemoglobin, serum albumin, blood leukocyte count, Wright/Khan index, and eC Cr at the start of dialysis were taken into account. This study fails to support a policy of earlier initiation of dialysis for patients with end-stage renal failure.
Frequency-domain echo cancellation in digital multicarrier modulation systems

The data driven frequency-domain echo canceller (EC) for a multicarrier modulation system is considered. An EC in such a system has to deal with both the interchannel and intersymbol interference occurring in the echo signal. For this reason, the main disadvantage of the data driven EC structure is the large computational complexity. Here, the solution of the computational complexity problem is presented. It is based on assumption that in practice, interchannel interference has a limited range. The number of operations per symbol as a measure of the EC computational complexity is given. Simulation results present echo attenuation in the frequency-domain EC, operating in the orthogonally multiplexed quadrature amplitude-shift keying system. Modifications of the proposed EC structure and its computational complexity in the systems with pulse shaping are discussed.
Analysis of direct phase modulation with an injection-locked oscillator

The behaviour of low cost, direct phase modulators, based on injection-locked oscillators, is studied in detail, using a reduced-order semi-analytical formulation. The derived expressions allow the identification of critical design parameters, influencing aspects such as the sensitivity of the phase-shift interval versus the element tolerances or the amplitude modulation. An envelope-domain equation, derived from the same semi-analytical formulation, allows the understanding of qualitative changes in the modulator dynamics versus variations in the modulation frequency, in different operation conditions. The study is illustrated with a modulated push-push oscillator at 18 GHz. Very good agreement has been obtained between the theoretical results and the experimental measurements.
Access Graphs: A Model for Investigating Memory Consistency

Computer architectures supporting shared memory continue to increase in complexity as designers seek to improve memory performance. This is especially true of proposals for massively parallel systems with distributed, yet shared, memory. The need to maintain a reasonably simple memory model for programmers, in spite of enhancements like caches and access pipelining, is responsible for many of the complications. We develop a novel graph model, access graphs, for visualizing processor/memory interaction. Access graphs symbolically represent the causal relationships between load, store, and synchronization events. The focus is on two classes of access graphs: pseudo and real. A pseudo access graph describes an execution in terms of abstract events familiar to the programmer. If the pseudo access graph is acyclic, then memory consistency is preserved during the execution. A real access graph describes an execution in terms of physical events known to the hardware designer. A real access graph must be acyclic since hardware cannot violate causality. Memory consistency can be verified for a given computer system by proving that for any acyclic real access graph describing a program's execution on that computer, an acyclic pseudo access graph can be derived describing the same execution. >
Identification of Cross-reactive 1 Norovirus CD 4 + T Cell Epitopes 2 3

6 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine 1 , 7 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health 2 , University of 8 North Carolina at Chapel Hill 9 10 11 Running Title: Norovirus T cell epitopes 12 13 Corresponding Author: 14 Ralph S. Baric, PhD 15 Professor 16 3304 Hooker Research Center 17 Department of Epidemiology 18 School of Public Health 19 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 20 Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7435 21 22 Abstract word count: 199 23 Body text word count: 3574 24 Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved. J. Virol. doi:10.1128/JVI.00727-10 JVI Accepts, published online ahead of print on 23 June 2010
Investigating the factorial structure and availability of work time control in a representative sample of the Swedish working population

Aims: Past research has often neglected the sub-dimensions of work time control (WTC). Moreover, differences in levels of WTC with respect to work and demographic characteristics have not yet been examined in a representative sample. We investigated these matters in a recent sample of the Swedish working population. Methods: The study was based on the 2014 data collection of the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health. We assessed the structure of the WTC measure using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Differences in WTC by work and demographic characteristics were examined with independent sample t-tests, one-way ANOVAs and gender-stratified logistic regressions. Results: Best model fit was found for a two-factor structure that distinguished between control over daily hours and control over time off (root mean square error of approximation = 0.06; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.09; Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.99). Women, shift and public-sector workers reported lower control in relation to both factors. Age showed small associations with WTC, while a stronger link was suggested for civil status and family situation. Night, roster and rotating shift work seemed to be the most influential factors on reporting low control over daily hours and time off. Conclusions: Our data confirm the two-dimensional structure underlying WTC, namely the components ‘control over daily hours’ and ‘control over time off’. Women, public-sector and shift workers reported lower levels of control. Future research should examine the public health implications of WTC, in particular whether increased control over daily hours and time off can reduce health problems associated with difficult working-time arrangements.
Plasma Lidocaine Concentrations After Caudal, Lumbar Epidural, Axillary Block, and Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Chromatographic analysis of lidocaine in plasma was carried out in 15 patients having intravenous regional anesthesia and in 15 patients having axillary block, lumbar epidural, or caudal anesthesia. Plasma lidocaine concentration was lower with intravenous regional anesthesia (1.5 ± 0.2 μg./ml.), than with axillary block (2.5 ± 0.5 μg./ml.), or lumbar epidural anesthesia (3.1 ± 0.7 μg./ml.). Pulse rate, blood pressure and ECG changes were absent in those patients having intravenous regional anesthesia. Intravenous lidocaine, 3 mg. /kg. of a 0.5 per cent solution, provides safe, effective anesthesia when injected into an exsanguinated extremity.
Fine‐needle aspiration of histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's disease)

Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of the lymph node was done in five patients with histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's disease). In four patients, the aspirates were found to have many small and large atypical lymphocytes, some reactive, phagocytic histiocytes, and intense extracellular debris. Neutrophils, plasma cells, or multinucleated giant cells were not seen. These cytologic findings were considered diagnostic for Kikuchi's disease. In one patient, the aspirate did not show significant histiocytosis or tissue necrosis and was considered nondiagnostic. In patients with both typical clinical features and characteristic cytologic findings in the lymph node aspirates, FNA of the lymph node alone will suffice for diagnosis. In those patients with typical clinical features but nondiagnostic findings in the FNA aspirates, the diagnosis of Kikuchi's disease may have to be established either on repeated nodal FNA or on lymph node biopsy.
A taxonomical analysis, current methods and objectives on location-routing problems

Location-routing is a branch of locational analysis that takes into account distribution aspects. This paper proposes a taxonomy, with two levels, for location-routing problems. The first level focuses on the structural characteristics of the problems. The second level branches into the different algorithmic approaches and objective perspectives. An introduction to the previously defined problems is presented, categorising the papers in the literature (a total of 149 references) according to the proposed classification. Moreover, an overview of the most significant aspects of the different solution methods and main objectives, with special emphasis on multi-objective approaches, is provided. Some data providing a better insight into the publication progress are also included. Finally, several promising research directions are identified.
PMX-622 (Polymyxin B-Dextran 70) Does Not Alter In Vitro Activities of 11 Antimicrobial Agents

ABSTRACT Because of its capacity to neutralize the lethality of gram-negative bacterial endotoxic lipopolysaccharides, PMX-622 (polymyxin B bound to dextran 70) is being developed for possible adjunctive therapy of gram-negative sepsis. In this study, it was determined that the in vitro antimicrobial activity of PMX-622 was minimal and that it does not interfere with the in vitro antimicrobial activity of 11 antibiotics commonly used to treat gram-negative infections.
Rorschach Aggressive Content (AgC) Variable: A Study of Criterion Validity

This study adds to the existing literature on the clinical utility of the Aggressive Content (AgC) variable proposed by Gacono and Meloy (1994). Criterion validity is evaluated by examining the relation between AgC and behavior. Rorschach and clinical chart material taken from psychological assessments were examined for 94 patients in Exner's (1993) psychiatric reference groups. An Aggression Chart Rating Scale (ACRS) was created to score the level of aggressiveness of each patient's diagnostic report. Analyses revealed good interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = .73) for ACRS scores and Aggressive Movement (AG; κ = .73) and excellent reliability for AgC (κ = .88) and Morbid Content (MOR; κ = .79). Pearson's correlation revealed significant relations between AgC and both AG and MOR. All 3 Rorschach variables were significantly related to scores on the ACRS. A stepwise regression analysis utilizing these 3 variables resulted in AgC being the only nonredundant predictor of scores on the ACRS. This suggests that AgC was more strongly related to more aggressive ACRS scores than either AG or MOR. The continued support for the clinical utility of AgC as well as recommendations for the addition of the AgC variable to Exner's (1993) Comprehensive System's list of Special Scores are discussed.
Decomposition of Dye in Water Solution by Pulsed Power Discharge in a Water Droplets Spray

A method for decomposing dye by spraying water solution of dye into non-equilibrium plasma in gas phase was investigated using pulsed-corona discharge reactor. A corona reactor used consists of a discharge wire and a cylindrical electrode. Water solution of indigo carmine with a concentration of 20 mg/L was sprayed into the reactor from a showerhead. The sprayed water solution was circulated into the reactor. The dependence of the discharging power injected into the reactor on the decomposition rates of chromogenic bond and unsaturated bond in indigo carmine was investigated. Indigo blue was decolored by 1.5 minutes circulation for the discharging power of 2 W. The result of NMR spectrometry showed that indigo carmine was decomposed completely by 60- minutes treatment. The chromogenic bond and the unsaturated bond were almost decomposed at 9 J/mg and 360 J/mg, respectively. As the discharging power increased, decomposition rates of both bonds in indigo carmine increased. Regardless of the set value of discharge repetition rate and charging voltage to the capacitor, the decomposition rate of the chromogenic bond was constant in the same discharging power. However, the higher repetitive pulses were more effective for the decomposition of the unsaturated bond rather than the magnitude of charging voltage in the constant discharge power.
und Transfer in NASCET-Stenosierungsgrade Revison of DEGUM Ultrasound Criteria for Grading Internal Carotid Artery Stenoses and Transfer to NASCET Measurement

Der Stenosegrad ist ein Hauptkriterium für die Entscheidung über invasive oder nicht invasive Behandlung extrakranieller Stenosen der A. carotis interna [1]. Bei asymptomatischen Stenosen gilt darüber hinaus die rasche Zunahme des Stenosegrads als Indikator für ein erhöhtes Schlaganfallrisiko [2]. Der Graduierung von Stenosen der A. carotis interna kommt also erhebliche Bedeutung zu. Es gibt bei der Stenosegradbestimmung nicht unerhebliche methodische Schwierigkeiten: Hauptproblem ist die unterschiedliche radiologische Stenosegrad-Definition des European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST) und des North American Symptomatik Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) [3, 4]: Nach ECST wird der Stenosegrad in Relation zum ursprünglichen Lumen, nach NASCET in Relation zum distalen Lumen der A. carotis interna bestimmt (●▶ Abb. 1). Schon vor Publikation dieser Studien hat eine Arbeitsgruppe der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ultraschall in der Medizin (DEGUM) in einer Zusammenstellung von Kriterien zur Bestimmung von Stenosegraden an der A. carotis interna die beiden morphologischen Bestimmungsmöglichkeiten einer Stenose als „lokal“ und „distal“ beschrieben [5]. Dabei wurde die lokale Stenosegraduierung bevorzugt, denn im Zusammenfassung !
Detection of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch in NGC 5128

We present a color-magnitude diagram of more than 10,000 stars in the halo of the galaxy NGC 5128 (Centaurus A), based on WFPC2 images through V-band and I-band filters. The position of the red giant branch (RGB) stars is compared with the loci of the red giant branch in six well-studied globular clusters and in the dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC 185; the tip of the RGB is signalled by an observed turn-up in the luminosity function at I≃24.1 ± 0.1 mag; this yields a distance modulus (m - M)_0 = 27.8 ± 0.2 for NGC 5128 (i.e., a distance of 3.6 ± 0.2 Mpc), in agreement with previous determinations based on the planetary nebulae luminosity function and on the surface brightness fluctuations technique. The presence of an intermediate-age stellar population (~5 Gyr) is suggested by the luminosity function of the asymptotic giant branch stars, extending up to I= 22.6 mag (for V - I > 2) and M_(bot) ~ -5 mag; however, the number of these stars constrains the intermediate-age stellar population in the halo of NGC 5128 to be less than ~ 10% of the total. The color distribution at constant I magnitude, albeit affected by the completeness level of our sample, strongly suggests a mean value of [Fe/H] > -0.9 dex, possibly similar to the value found in M31 and higher than that observed in NGC 185. Like the M31 halo, the halo of NGC 5128 exhibits a broad range of levels of chemical enrichment.
Investigation into effects of work-related quality of life and some related factors on cognitive failures among nurses

Objective. Cognitive failure is one of the factors which can be influenced by personal and professional characteristics. This research was carried out to study the effect of work-related quality of life (WRQoL) and some related factors on cognitive failures (CF) among nurses. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses working in intensive care units, critical care units and emergency units in 2014. Results. In total, 750 nurses participated in the study. The mean ± SD for the total CF and WRQoL was 40.5 ± 12.7 and 75.8 ± 13.7 respectively. The results show that CF have a statistically significant difference among the age groups, experience groups and working units. Multiple regression tests show that age, income and WRQoL have a significant effect on CF. Based on the results, for a unit increase in WRQoL we expect a 0.26 unit decrease in CF. Analysis of variance results show that the emergency ward had changed the overall effect of WRQoL on CF, after the effect of WRQoL was controlled. Conclusions. Overall results from the present research indicated that, despite the high level of WRQoL among the studied nurses, the rate of CF was not at an appropriate level. Development of supportive and interventional strategies is highly recommended.
β‐hexosaminidase from Xenopus laevis eggs and oocytes: From gene to immunochemical characterization

Glycosidases are present both in sperm and eggs in vertebrates and have been associated with different fertilization steps as gamete binding, egg coat penetration, and polyspermy prevention. In this manuscript, we have analyzed the activity of different glycosidases of Xenopus laevis eggs. The main activity corresponded to N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase (Hex), which was reported to participate both in gamete binding and polyspermy prevention among phylogenetically distant animals. We have raised homologous antibodies against a recombinant N‐terminal fragment of a X. laevis Hex, and characterized egg's Hex both by Western blot and immunohistochemical assays. Noteworthy, Hex was mainly localized to the cortex of animal hemisphere of full‐grown oocytes and oviposited eggs, and remained unaltered after fertilization. Hex is constituted by different pair arrangements of two subunits (α and β), giving rise to three possible Hex isoforms: A (αβ), B (ββ), and S (αα). However, no information was available regarding molecular identity of Hex in amphibians. We present for the first time the primary sequences of two isoforms of X. laevis Hex. Interestingly, our results suggest that α‐ and β‐like subunits that constitute Hex isoforms could be synthesized from a same gene in Xenopus, by alternative exon use. This finding denotes an evolutionary divergence with mammals, where α and β Hex subunits are synthesized from different genes on different chromosomes. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 3709–3720, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.