Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the short-term variability of turbulence and temperature in the winter mesosphere

Abstract. Four mesosphere–lower thermosphere temperature and turbulence profiles were obtained in situ within ∼30 min and over an area of about 100 by 100 km during a sounding rocket experiment conducted on 26 January 2015 at Poker Flat Research Range in Alaska. In this paper we examine the spatial and temporal variability of mesospheric turbulence in relationship to the static stability of the background atmosphere. Using active payload attitude control, neutral density fluctuations, a tracer for turbulence, were observed with very little interference from the payload spin motion, and with high precision (<0.01 %) at sub-meter resolution. The large-scale vertical temperature structure was very consistent between the four soundings. The mesosphere was almost isothermal, which means more stratified, between 60 and 80 km, and again between 88 and 95 km. The stratified regions adjoined quasi-adiabatic regions assumed to be well mixed. Additional evidence of vertical transport and convective activity comes from sodium densities and trimethyl aluminum trail development, respectively, which were both observed simultaneously with the in situ measurements. We found considerable kilometer-scale temperature variability with amplitudes of 20 K in the stratified region below 80 km. Several thin turbulent layers were embedded in this region, differing in width and altitude for each profile. Energy dissipation rates varied between 0.1 and 10 mW kg−1, which is typical for the winter mesosphere. Very little turbulence was observed above 82 km, consistent with very weak small-scale gravity wave activity in the upper mesosphere during the launch night. On the other hand, above the cold and prominent mesopause at 102 km, large temperature excursions of +40 to +70 K were observed. Simultaneous wind measurements revealed extreme wind shears near 108 km, and combined with the observed temperature gradient, isolated regions of unstable Richardson numbers (0
The Effects of Sundanese Kacapi Suling “Ayun Ambing” Music Therapy to The Level of Anxiety on Chronic Renal Failure Patient Undergoing Hemodialysis

ABSTRACT One of the most common psychological problems found in patients with chronic renal failure (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis is anxiety. Unresolved anxiety can have a negative impact on physiological and psychological conditions that can aggravate the condition of the disease. Traditional Sundanese music therapy Kacapi Suling "Ayun Ambing" has a slow tempo and soft so that it can be used as a therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the music therapy Sunda Kacapi Suling "Ayun Ambing" to the anxiety level of patients undergoing hemodialysis. The design used was a Quasy Experimental, with a pretest-posttest control group design approach, involved 46 patients divided into control groups (23) and intervention groups (23) taken by purposive sampling. The intervention group get given Sundanese Kacapi Suling "Ayun Ambing" of music a week 2 times with time 30 minutes for 2 weeks. Anxiety levels were measured using HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) before and after intervention. The control group received standard interventions provided by the Hospital. Data were analyzed univariate and bivariate with Paired t test, Independent t test and Mann Whitney test. Characteristics of respondents between the intervention group and the homogeneous control did not differ significantly. Differences of average before and after in two groups with the tested paired t test showed no significant difference with p value <0.05 whereas for differences in the average change of scores between the intervention and control group with independent t test showed there was a significant difference with p value 0.05. In conclusion, Sundanese Kacapi Suling "Ayun Ambing" of music intervention has an influence on the anxiety with patient undergoing hemodialysis. An implication of this research was that Sundanese Kacapi Suling Music could be considered and applied as a complementary theraphy to decrease the anxety of client, particularly ESRD undergoing hemodialysis. Sundanese Kacapi Suling "Ayun Ambing" of music intervention can also be used as an intervention alternative in a further research in order to overcome health therapies such as anxiety and pain. Keywords: Chronic Kidney Failure, Hemodialysis, Anxiety, Music Kacapi Suling
Genetic evidence reveals a unique lineage of Bryde’s whales in the northern Gulf of Mexico

Bryde's whales Balaenoptera edeni are the only year-round resident baleen whale species in the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOMx). The current population abundance estimate is 33 (CV 1.07) and the population is severely restricted in range. We characterized genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of these whales to other members of the Bryde's whale complex. We analyzed DNA sequence data from 3 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and 9 nuclear genes, and examined 42 nuclear microsatellite loci for 21 Bryde's whale samples collected in the GOMx and 2 from the western North Atlantic. mtDNA diversity was extremely low; only 2 haplotypes were found in the first 375 bp of the control region and no variability in cytb or cox1 genes was seen. Twenty-five microsatellite loci were monomorphic, 16 had 2 or 3 alleles, and 1 had 4 alleles. Most nuclear genes exhibited shared alleles across balaenopterid species. Phylogenetic reconstruction using the control region and all published Bryde's whale sequences revealed that GOMx Bryde's whale haplotypes are evolutionarily distinct from other members of the Bryde's whale complex examined to date. Within the first 375 bp of the control region, we found 25�26 fixed differences between GOMx haplotypes and those from sei whales and the 2 recognized Bryde's whale sub- species. The GOMx whales are as divergent as these subspecies and species are from each other. The level of divergence suggests a unique evolutionary trajectory worthy of its own taxonomic standing. The small population size and markedly low genetic diversity raise conservation con- cern for this unique group of whales.
ENTREPRENEURIAL BRANDING AND PURCHASE INTENTION: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF TRUSTWORTHINESS

The challenge to trigger demand, achieve and sustain growth for newly emerged businesses is receiving considerable attention with the growing number of start-ups’ launches. Given their small size, their newness, their lack of consumer base, and the innovative nature of their offering, these businesses often face great consumer uncertainty. These hindrances lead consumers to perceive a high level of risk in the buying situation. Overcoming the lack of trust in their business is therefore a vital challenge for start-ups to ensure their sustainability. This research aims to examine the extent to which entrepreneurial branding impact the purchase intention of new products through the development of trustworthiness. To achieve this objective, a quantitative survey with a twofold purpose was carried out. First, to determine which of the components of Entrepreneurial Branding (Innovativeness of Product, Charismatic Founder, and Start-up Culture) most impact Trustworthiness (Integrity, Ability, and Benevolence). Then, to assess the effect of Trustworthiness on Purchase Intention of new venture’s products. The data was collected from 53 individuals between the ages of 18 and 65, residing in France only. The Linear Regression test was employed to test the hypothesis. The result of the research showed that there is a relationship between Innovativeness of the Product and Ability. That is to say, the more the start-up’s product possesses new and innovative features, the more the start-up will be seen as an expert in its field of competence. Additionally, the findings highlight an existing relationship between the start-up’s culture and the three dimensions of Trustworthiness (Integrity, Ability, and Benevolence). These results imply that start-ups with an organizational culture which is people-oriented, enhances collaboration and encourages innovation is more likely to be seen as trustworthy by potential consumers.
Biosorption of Hexavalent Chromium by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain ANSC: Equilibria Isothermic, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ANSC, a non-genetically modified bacterial strain isolated from soil was used to study and evaluate biosorption potentials for hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) from aqueous solution. Living, heat-killed, and permeabilised cells were all used and found to be capable of reducing and sorbing Cr(VI). The influences of initial Cr(VI) ion concentration (50-150 mg/L), contact time (2 h, 10 min intervals), pH (2-8), temperature (30-60℃) and biosorbent mass (1.0-5.0 g/l) were reported. Adsorption of Cr(VI) is highly pH- and temperature-dependent, and the results indicate that the optimum pH and temperature for removal were found to be 2 and 60℃ respectively. The hexavalent chromium biosorption equilibrium could be better described by Langmuir isotherm than it could by Freundlich isotherm. A comparison of kinetic models applied to the adsorption of Cr(VI) ions onto the biosorbents was evaluated for the pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order, and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models. Results show that the pseudo second-order kinetic model was evidenced to correlate better the experimental data. The rate of hexavalent chromium adsorption increased following permeabilisation of the outer and/or cytoplasmic membrane by surfactants such as Triton X100, Tween 80, toluene, sodium deoxycholate and sodium dodecyl sulphate. The adsorption process has been found endothermic, and thermodynamic parameters of Gibb's free energy (ΔG°), change in enthalpy (ΔH°) and change in entropy (ΔS°) were calculated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ANSC evidenced an effective biosorbent for the removal of hexavalent chromium in aqueous form.
Domain : Eukaryota Kingdom : Plantae Subkingdom : Viridaeplantae Phylum : Tracheophyta Subphylum : Euphyllophytina Infraphylum : Radiatopses Class : Magnoliopsida Subclass : Dilleniidae Superorder : Urticanae Order : Urticales Family : Moraceae Tribe : Ficeae Genus :

Results: One chapter of Holy Quran has been named "At-tin", which shows the importance of this fruit. Pharmacological aspects of fig, both in traditional and modern medicine, prove its benefits in many disorders. Different parts of this plant have been used to treat various disorders such as infections, diabetes, gastric problems, inflammation, and cancer. Among the various medical uses of fig, anticancer activity has the most considerable effect. Scientists of the current century have just realized some properties and applications of fig in medicine.
Critical review of literature on the use of short implants

Aim The aims of this review were to verify the validity of short implants as a treatment option in patients with partial or total edentulism, having more or less atrophic jawbones.Methods A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCT) was conducted, involving also prospective and retrospective studies published in English language between January 2005 and December 2015. The PubMed and Scopus databases were electronically analyzed. Titles and abstracts were selected, and full texts were evaluated. The data were organized in tables and then presented as a narrative analysis.Results The electronic search provided 891 publications, 50 articles were retrieved in full text and only 11 were included in the review. Although the performance of the implants was evaluated through different success and survival criteria, short implants have shown to have a similar performance to longer implants.Conclusions Short implants could be considered as a treatment option comparable to traditional lenght implant. However, other studies must be conducted to assess uniform criteria to state the quality of treatment.
Estimating fire emissions and disparities in boreal Siberia (1998–2002)

[1] In the biomass, soils, and peatlands of Siberia, boreal Russia holds one of the largest pools of terrestrial carbon. Because Siberia is located where some of the largest temperature increases are expected to occur under current climate change scenarios, stored carbon has the potential to be released with associated changes in fire regimes. Our concentration is on estimating a wide range of current and potential emissions from Siberia on the basis of three modeled scenarios. An area burned product of Siberia is introduced, which spans from 1998 through 2002. Emissions models are spatially explicit; therefore area burned is extracted from associated ecoregions for each year. Carbon consumption estimates are presented for 23 unique ecoregions across Siberia, which range from 3.4 to 75.4 t C ha−1 for three classes of severity. Total direct carbon emissions range from the traditional scenario estimate of 116 Tg C in 1999 (6.9 M ha burned) to the extreme scenario estimate of 520 Tg C in 2002 (11.2 M ha burned), which are equivalent to 5 and 20%, respectively, of total global carbon emissions from forest and grassland burning. Our results suggest that disparities in the amount of carbon stored in unique ecosystems and the severity of fire events can affect total direct carbon emissions by as much as 50%. Additionally, in extreme fire years, total direct carbon emissions can be 37–41% greater than in normal fire years, owing to increased soil organic matter consumption. Mean standard scenario estimates of CO2 (555–1031 Tg), CO (43–80 Tg), CH4 (2.4–4.5 Tg), TNMHC (2.2–4.1 Tg), and carbonaceous aerosols (4.6–8.6 Tg) represent 10, 15, 19, 12 and 26%, respectively, of the global estimates from forest and grassland burning. Accounting for smoldering combustion in soils and peatlands results in increases in CO, CH4, and TNMHC and decreases in CO2 emitted from fire events.
VLT/UVES spectroscopy of V4332 Sagittarii in 2005: The best view on a decade-old stellar-merger remnant

V4332 Sgr is a red transient (red nova) whose eruption was observed in 1994. The remnant of the eruption shows a unique optical spectrum: strong emission lines of atoms and molecules superimposed on an M-type stellar spectrum. The stellar-like remnant is presumably embedded in a disc-like dusty envelope seen almost face-on. The observed optical spectrum is assumed to result from interactions of the central-star radiation with dust and gas in the disc and outflows initiated in 1994. We reduced and measured a high-resolution (R = ~40 000) spectrum of V4332 Sgr obtained with VLT/UVES in April/May 2005. The spectrum comes from the ESO archives and is the best quality spectrum of the object ever obtained. We identified and measured over 200 emission features belonging to 11 elements and 6 molecules. The continuous, stellar-like component can be classified as ~M3. The interstellar reddening was estimated to be 0.35 < E(B-V) < 0.75. From radial velocities of interstellar absorption features in the NaI D lines, we estimated a lower limit of ~5.5 kpc to the distance of V4332 Sgr. The spectrum of V4332 Sgr considerably evolved between 2005 and 2009. The object significantly faded in the optical, which resulted from cooling of the main remnant by 300-350 K, corresponding to its spectral-type change from M3 to M5-6. The object increased in luminosity by ~50%, however, implying a significant expansion of its dimensions. Most of the emission features seen in 2005 significantly faded or even disappeared from the spectrum of V4332 Sgr in 2009. These resulted from fading of the optical central-star radiation and a decrease of the optical thickness of the cirumstellar matter. V4332 Sgr bears several resemblances to V1309 Sco, which erupted in 2008. This can indicate a similar nature of the eruptions of the two objects. The outburst resulted from merger of a contact binary in V1309 Sco.
Wind-Driven Oceanic Rossby Waves in the Tropical South Indian Ocean with and without an Active ENSO

The interannual heat content variability in the tropical south Indian Ocean (SIO) and its relationship with El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is studied. The baroclinic ocean response to stochastic wind stress predicted by a simple analytical model is compared with two integrations of the ECHO-G coupled general circulation model. In one integration, ocean–atmosphere interactions are suppressed in the tropical Pacific Ocean, so that this integration does not simulate ENSO. In the other integration, interactions are allowed everywhere and ENSO is simulated. The results show that basinwide variability in the SIO heat content can be produced by two mechanisms: 1) oscillatory forcing by ENSO-related wind stress and 2) temporally stochastic and spatially coherent wind stress forcing. Previous studies have shown that transmission of energy from the tropical Pacific to the southern Indian Ocean occurs through coastal Kelvin waves along the western coast of Australia. The results in this paper confirm the occurrence of such transmission. In the ECHO-G simulations, this transmission occurs both at the annual time scale and at interannual time scales. Generation of offshore Rossby waves by these coastal Kelvin waves at interannual time scales—and, in particular, at the ENSO time scale—was found.
Evaluation of Tobacco Cultivars for Resistance to Races of Phytophthora nicotianae in South Africa

Black shank caused by Phytophthora nicotianae is a destructive root and stem disease of cultivated tobacco. P. nicotianae isolates associated with black shank in South Africa were selected in order to evaluate their aggressiveness, designate races of P. nicotianae and to determine which tobacco cultivars are resistant to them. Stem inoculations were conducted in the greenhouse using 32 P. nicotianae isolates from different tobacco growing regions in South Africa. The 32 P. nicotianae isolates differed significantly in levels of aggressiveness. Eight isolates were selected on the basis of geographical origin and virulence for race characterization using a set of differential tobacco cultivars. South African race 0 and race 1 isolates were used to evaluate black shank resistance of 11 commercially planted tobacco cultivars. Race 0 and 1 of P. nicotianae occurred in most of the tobacco growing regions. Commercially planted cultivars differed significantly in their resistance to race 0 and 1. Cultivars Vuma ⁄ 3 ⁄ 46 and LK3 ⁄ 46 were highly resistant to both race 0 and 1 while cultivars LK33 ⁄ 60 and OD1 were highly resistant to race 0 but susceptible to race 1. Results of this study provide valuable information on cultivar resistance and selection of P. nicotianae isolates for future breeding programs in South Africa.
An Adaptive LEACH-based Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

LEACH is the most popular clastering algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). However, it has two main drawbacks, including random selection of cluster heads, and direct communication of cluster heads with the sink. This paper aims to introduce a new centralized cluster-based routing protocol named LEACH-AEC (LEACH with Adaptive Energy Consumption), which guarantees to generate balanced clusters over the network. In LEACH-AEC, more information from the current state of nodes (including the residual energy of nodes, the distance from sink, and the distances between cluster heads) are considered to select the optimal cluster heads. Also, the multi-hop routing extension via A-Star algorithm is utilized in LEACH-AEC to cope with routing in large topological WSN areas. In contrast to the previous cluster-based protocols, the main advantage of LEACH-AEC is to prolong the network lifetime, based on the application specifications. Simulation results show that the proposed routing protocol plays an effective role in reducing energy consumption, provides a balanced consumption of energy and increases the lifetime of the network.
A Study of Causes of Stress and Stress Management among Youth

Stress is a condition of mental pressure for particular individual facing problems from envi­ronmental and social well-being which leads to so many diseases. Young age is the critical period because at this time youth faces lots of changes in his/her life. They are expected to be the elites in the society. Thus, they should enhance their stress management abilities so as to live a healthy life after entering the society. When a child enters into the youth age, they need to not only adapt themselves to the new life and new environment but also be familiar with many new people, events, and things. The life stress on them is considerable. Therefore, understanding the sources of stress among them and how they can cope with the stress is very important. The researcher found that the stress mainly comes from academic tests, interpersonal relations, relationship problems, life changes, and career exploration. Such stress may usually cause psychological, physical, and behavioral problems. This study finds the causes of stress among youth. So after identifying causes the researcher suggests that more emphasis can be given to development stage of child into adolescence. They should be brought up in the positive environment. More emphasis should be given to the outdoor activities and create hostile learning environment by minimizing the negative impact of stressors. The findings will help the individual students, scholars, lecturers, career and counseling centers.
Autism-in-context. An investigation of schooling of children with a diagnosis of autism in urban India

Education and schooling of children with disabilities is a global concern. This thesis raises the significance of a more nuanced appreciation of context in these debates. It focuses on India, a country which in recent years has seen rapid policy development on education of children with disabilities and an increasing number entering mainstream schools. Using the unique lens of autism, the study aims to develop contextual understanding of schooling of children with disabilities in mainstream schools in urban India. The school, cultural, socio-familial and institutional contexts are explored within an interpretive framework. Drawing on the perspectives, practices and experiences of parents, school staff and private practitioners the following questions are addressed: How are schools in urban India responding to the education of children with autism? How do teachers understand and respond to the needs of the child with autism in their class? What are the parents’ views and experiences with mainstream school for their child with autism? How is inclusive education conceptualized within these school settings? The findings from this study highlight the numerous tensions, dilemmas and complexities surrounding the schooling of children with autism in an Indian setting. Contributing in general to the theoretical debates on schooling of children with disabilities, the study raises some critical reflections on how to take forward the education of children with disabilities in India.
News and stock markets: A survey on abnormal returns and prediction models

Vast amount of news articles are published daily reflecting global topics. The stories represent information about events and expert opinions, which may trigger positive or negative expectations on the stock markets. The literature describes various methods for analyzing such correlations. In this paper we consider related approaches for tracking the impact of news on abnormal stock returns. In the first part we introduce studies with background in Finance. Primarily by applying statistical functions the works examine unusual price volatilities and explore possible sources and market conditions, e.g. biased investors, limited attention, macro-economic variables, country development state, et cetera. In the second part we present studies with background in Computer Science, which take advantage of historic news and the equivalent market values. By following the common learning paradigm the projects elaborate prototypes for trend and stock price prediction. In the current survey we evaluate leading approaches regarding the objectives, assumptions, input, techniques, and performance. Moreover we provide a comparison framework of the recent prototypes and identify gaps for future research.