Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IS DISAGREEMENT A GOOD PROXY FOR INFLATION

This study uses inflation expectation errors to measure inflation uncertainty in Turkey by analyzing the CBRT Survey of Expectations data and investigates whether the disagreement among the survey participants can be used as a proxy for inflation uncertainty. Results reveal the importance of the inflation targeting regime. In particular, disagreement seems to be a good proxy for inflation uncertainty for the 2001-2006 period while this relationship vanishes with the full-fledged inflation targeting regime after 2006. JEL C22, C82, E31
Title: The POTENTIAL of MICROALGAE for the PRODUCTION of BIOACTIVE MOLECULES of PHARMACEUTICAL INTEREST Running title: BIOACTIVE MOLECULES FROM MICROALGAE

Through the photosynthetic activity, microalgae process more than 25% of annual inorganic carbon dissolved in oceans into carbohydrates that ultimately, serve to feed the other levels of the trophic networks. Besides, microalgae synthesize bioactive molecules such as pigments and lipids that exhibit health properties. In addition, abiotic stresses, such as high irradiance, nutrient starvation, UV irradiation, trigger metabolic reorientations ending with the production of other bioactive compounds such as ω-3 fatty acids or carotenoids. Traditionally, these compounds are acquired through the dietary alimentation. The increasing, and often unsatisfied, demand for compounds from natural sources, combined with the decrease of the halieutic resources, forces the search for alternative resources for these bioactive components. Microalgae possess this strong potential. For instance, the diatom Odontella aurita is already commercialized as dietary complement and compete with fish oil for human nutrition. In this contribution, the microalga world is briefly presented. Then, the different types of biologically active molecules identified in microalgae are presented together with their potential use. Due to space limitation, only the biological activities of lipids and pigments are described in details. The contribution ends with a description of the possibilities to play with the environmental constrains to increase the productivity of biologically active molecules by microalgae and by a description of the progresses made in the field of alga culturing.
THE DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF THREE TYPES OF TASK PLANNING ON THE FLUENCY OF L 2 ORAL PRODUCTION

Studying task design and performance conditions have become an important area of research within task-based language teaching, learning, and assessment.The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of three types of task planning on the fluency of L2 learners’ oral production. Planning was operationalized at three levels: rehearsal, strategic and unpressured within-task planning. To this end, 40 students who were in four advanced classes with the same level, both male and female, were chosen from an English language institute in Hashtgerd, Iran. Four classes were randomly selected to work under three different planning condition and one class acted under no-planning condition. In order to collect the data, the presentation task was employed as the means of data collection. The participants in the first group were asked to perform the task two times with two-week interval between the two performances. The second experimental group received strategic planning with ten minutes of planning time. Whilst the participants in the third group began to speak immediately but took time as long as they like to performed their presentation. The participants in the no-planning group, were asked to perform their presentation immediately after reading each text within a limited time. Performance was assessed through speech rate (as a measure of fluency). The data collection procedure was carefully performed and the raw data was submitted to SPSS (version 19.0). Results indicated that strategic and rehearsal planning have statistically significant effect on fluency of the learners' performances.
DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF FLUID DRAG FORCES OF NON-SPHERICAL PARTICLE

In the modelling of particle fluidization, it is traditionally assumed that the particles are spherical in shape, as this greatly simplifies the representation of gas-solid drag and particle collisions. However, several industrial processes involve particles which are highly non-spherical in nature. For example, bio-mass gasification process involves milled bio-mass, which could be approximated as spherocylindrical in shape. This work involves direct numerical simulation of a single non-spherical particle. The aim of this study is to characterize the drag coefficient based on the Reynolds number with particle orientation. The simulations are performed using the lattice Boltzmann method. The results from these simulations can be later extended to multi-particle assemblies, which can be used to derive drag, lift and torque closures for coarse-grained discrete particle simulations.
Properties of SiC-Reinforced Aluminum Alloy Coatings Produced by the Cold Spray Deposition Process

SiC-reinforced Al-12Si alloy coatings were produced using the Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying deposition process. Feedstock powder mixtures containing 20% and 30% vol. of particulate SiC were used. The composite coatings’ bond strengths and microstructures were evaluated, as well as the porosity and the SiC content. It was found that approximately 45% of the SiC particulate blended with the aluminum alloy was embedded in the coatings. The SiC was homogeneously distributed inside the Al-12Si matrix. Particle velocity measurements revealed that the addition of up to 30% vol. of SiC did not change the Al-12Si particle velocities.
HERBICIDAL ACTIVITY OF EUCALYPTUS ASTRINGENS AND ITS PHYTOTOXIC COMPONENTS

A study was undertaken to assess the phytotoxic effect of E.astringens essential oil on seed germination, root and shoot length, chlorophyll content, membrane integrity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content of Triticum durum, Vicia faba, Phaseolus vulgaris, Sinapis arvensis, Erica vesicaria and Scorpiurus muricatus with a view to exploit them for the future weed management . Dose-response studies were conducted under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Germination, emergence and seedling growth of test species were significantly reduced in a dose-response bioassay. In a greenhouse, observation of leaf wilt symptoms was noted at 6h after treatment. Chlorophyll content was decreased with increasing of concentrations indicating that essential oil affects the photosynthetic activity. In addition, E.astringens essential oil induces an electrolyte leakage indicating membrane damage and loss of integrity and enhanced the level of proline suggesting induction of oxidative stress. The test plants responded differently to eucalypt oil exhibiting a differential species-specificity. Indeed, the weeds were affected more strongly than the crops. E.astringens essential oil exhibit strong phytotoxicity activity against weeds especially and possesses weed-suppressing abilities. Hence, these could be a base for developing bioherbicides.
EFFECT OF LAND USE CHANGES AND SOIL DEPTH ON SOIL ORGANIC MATTER , TOTAL NITROGEN AND AVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS CONTENTS OF SOILS IN SENBAT WATERSHED , WESTERN ETHIOPIA

Land use changes, mainly shift from natural ecosystems into managed agro ecosystems, and subsequent deterioration in quality of soil resources have become common phenomena in western Ethiopia. Soil reaction (pH), organic matter, total N and available P contents are some of the vital soil properties affected by such changes. This study was therefore conducted with the objective to assess the response of these vital soil chemical properties to changes in management practices arising from varying land uses (forest, shrub, grass and cultivated) and soil depth (0-20 and 20-40 cm). Results revealed that these four vital soil properties significantly (P ≤ 0.01) responded to changes in land use.
PD-L 1 is correlated with p 53 expression in patients with lung adenocarcinoma

PD-L1 plays a key role in immune evasion of tumor cells, and individual study found that PD-L1 status was regulated by p53 gene. Whether PD-L1 expression is related to p53 status or prognosis in Chinese patients with lung adenocarcinoma has not been clearly clarified. In our study, immunohistochemical analysis of PD-L1 and p53 expression was performed in 229 surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas by using tissue microarray technology. PD-L1 positivity in tumor cells was found in 20.5% of the samples and was associated with female (P=0.007), nodal metastasis (P=0.005), solid predominant type (P<0.001), poor differentiation (P<0.001). PD-L1 positivity in tumorinfiltrating immune cells was found in 23.6% of the samples and was more frequent in male patients (P=0.049), solid predominant tumors (P<0.001) and poor differentiation (P<0.001), and there was a significant correlation between PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and immune cells (P<0.001). p53 aberrant expression was significantly associated with PD-L1 positivity in tumor cells (P<0.001) and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (P=0.001). PD-L1 positive patients with lung adenocarcinoma showed poor recurrence-free survival (P<0.001) and overall survival (P<0.001) on univariate analysis but it was not independent prognostic factor. In conclusion, PD-L1 expression in tumor cells was significantly associated with PD-L1 expression in tumor-infiltrating immune cells and P53 status.
Risk stratification and outcome assessment in cardiac surgery and transcatheter interventions

textabstractThere is a steady increase in the number of patients undergoing cardiac surgery in The Netherlands [1]. As can be appreciated from Figure 1, 16,877 adult surgical cardiac procedures were performed in 2008. In addition, the number of transcatheter procedures, including valve and coronary stent implantation, is also growing rapidly. Given the ageing of the population and the increasing number of patients with congenital heart disease that reaches adulthood, the number of surgical and transcatheter interventions is likely to increase even further [2, 3]. The growing population requiring these cardiovascular interventions will lead to an increase in health care expenditure. This calls for a cost-effective approach of health care, with constant attention for the relation between cost-effectiveness and quality of care. Quality assessment is an inherent component of this approach. In addition, by improving the quality of care (including optimizing treatment selection), fewer adverse outcomes are to be expected, with a subsequent restraint of costs.
Optimization of oil extraction from coconut using response surface methodology

In this study, oil extracted from coconut fruits wa s optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Effects of roasting temperature and roasting me on the yield and oil quality were investigate d. Thirteen experimental runs applying a central compo site design combined with RSM was employed. The parameters measured were oil yield, free fatty acid , olour, refractive index, specific gravity and pH . Statistical analysis with response surface regressi on showed that the oil yield, free fatty acid, colo ur, refractive index, specific gravity and pH of coconu t oil were significantly (p<0.05) affected with roa sting temperature and time. Based on response surface, op timum conditions were roasting temperature of 110 C and roasting time of 17 min. Analysis of variance indicating that the model was adequate for representing the experimental data. The treatments resulted in oil yield ranging from (31.28 to 42.37% ), free fatty acid (1.86 to 5.34%), colour (0.46 to 0. 66 abs), refractive index (1.47 to 1.51), specific gravity (0.98 to 1.04) and pH (6.28 to 6.94). Oil extracted from coconut was successfully optimized using RSM. The regression models obtained has provided a basis for electing optimum process variables for the recovery of oil using solvent extraction.
Natural frequencies of prestressed concrete beams : theoretical prediction and numerical validation

The paper explores the effects of prestress forces on modal parameters of concrete beams. This ongoing research has the twofold purpose of deepening a task of structural identification and of investigating possible applications with significant technical relevance. Concerning the former aspect, it is still not clarified whether prestress forces should be included or not in standard identification-model-updating frameworks. On the other hand, a well founded theoretical model, able to catch the experimental evidence, would be desirable in order to explore the feasibility of dynamic methods for assessing prestress level and prestress losses in concrete beams.
Nutritional and antinutritional assessment of Mucuna pruriens ( L . ) DC var . utilis

Two samples of seed materials of the Indian tribal pulse, Mucuna pruriens var. utilis were collected from Periamyllaru and the seeds of another tribal pulse, M. deeringiana were collected from Chinnamyllaru, Kanyakumari district, Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu. The mature seed samples were analysed for proximate and mineral composition, vitamins (niacin and ascorbic acid), fatty acid profiles, amino acid composition and antinutritional factors. The investigated seed samples contained higher amounts crude protein and crude lipid when compared with most of the commonly consumed pulses. The investigated seeds were rich in minerals such as calcium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron and manganese. The fatty acid profiles revealed that the seed lipids contained higher concentration of palmitic acid and linoleic acid. The seed proteins of both samples of Mucuna pruriens var. utilis and M. deeringiana contained higher level of the essential amino acids such as threonine, valine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine and histidine. The in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) of the studied seed samples ranged from 71.86-77.28%. The antinutritional factors ranges from: total free phenolics 2.78-4.38 g 100 g-1, tannins 0.11-0.218 g 100 g-1, L-Dopa 4.00-7.23 g 100 g-1, phytic acid 463.20-526.12 mg 100 g-1, hydrogen cyanide 0.22-0.26 mg 100 g-1, trypsin inhibitor activity 44.68-46.10 TIUmg-1 protein. Verbascose was the principle oligosaccharide of the presently studied underutilized tribal pulses. Low levels of phytohaemagglutinating activity for human erythrocytes of ‘O’ blood group than ‘A’ and ‘B’ blood groups were found in all the seed samples.
Political Predation and Economic Development 1

Economic growth occurs as resources are reallocated from the traditional sector to the modern sector, which is more productive. It is also more vulnerable to political predation, however. Political risk can therefore hinder development. We analyze a politico-economic game between citizens and governments, whose type (benevolent or predatory) is unknown to the citizens. In equilibrium, opportunistic governments mix between predation and restraint. As long as restraint is observed, political expectations improve and the economy grows. Once there is predation, the reputation of the current government is ruined and the economy collapses. If citizens are unable to overthrow this government, the collapse is durable. Otherwise, a new government is drawn and the economy can rebound. Equilibrium dynamics are characterized as a Markov chain. Consistent with stylized facts, equilibrium political and economic histories are random, unstable and exhibit long—term divergence. Our theoretical model also generates new empirical implications on the joint dynamics of income inequality, output and political variables.
Surface tting — new tool for spectrally resolved thermoluminescence analysis

Numerical deconvolution and curvetting algorithms are routinely used for the analysis of complex thermoluminescence (TL) data. This approach is generally not suitable for advanced TLmeasurements utilizing simultaneous detection of wavelength and intensity of the emitted light. In this paper we present new ’surface tting’ algorithm. Spectrally resolved TL surface is numerically deconvoluted for individual surface peaks corresponding to trap levels and recombination centres. This technique allows simultaneous determination of activation energies of traps and the emission bands associated with recombination centres utilizing all measured data points. To demonstrate possibilities of the method we applied the algorithm to numerical deconvolution of spectrally resolved TL data measured for high-sensitive LiF:Mg,Cu,P thermoluminescent detector. c © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Meat production and consumption in the Wa Municipality of Ghana

This study examines meat production and its consumption in the Wa Municipality of Ghana. A total of 80 consumers and 30 butchers were randomly sampled in four communities (Nayiri, Jujeidayiri, Kabanye and Doori) and an abattoir, respectively in the Municipality. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to both consumers and butchers. Majority of the consumers surveyed were females (57.5%) and literate (66.3%). Also majority of the consumers were Muslims (65%), while 35% were Christians; thus none was a traditionalist. At the abattoir all the butchers were males and majority were Muslims (79.3%), 17.2% were Christians and 3.4% were traditionalists. The results showed that beef was the most preferred type of meat, followed by chicken, chevon (goat meat), mutton, pork and guinea fowl. Majority of the consumers (78.8%) buy and consume meat daily. Most consumers (60%) in the Municipality obtained their meat from the market referred to as the butcher. The factors which mostly influence the consumption of meat are taste, price, availability, tradition and nutrition. Taste was the most influencing factor for the choice of meat in Wa Municipality. Though meat produce in Wa Municipality is usually inspected by responsible authority from the Wa Municipal Assembly, most of the consumers rated the local meat as unhygienic.
Mathematical modeling of thin layer drying of green plantain ( Musa paradisiaca L . ) peel

In this work green plantain peel was characterized in terms of moisture, and dry basis hemicellulose (HC), cellulose, lignin, crude fiber (CB), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), starch, nitrogen free extract (NFE), total digestible nutrients (TDN) and ash. According to the high proportion found of hydrophilic components (carbohydrates) and water (76.15 % and 87.62 % respectively) a slow drying period was determined. Drying kinetics of peels at 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 and 110 oC was studied. Isothermal drying curves for green plantain peels showed a monotonic decreasing of moisture content in the whole range of temperatures studied, until a point where the changes of the moisture content were very little in function of time, indicating that the transition state of dynamic pseudo-equilibrium (TSDPE) was reached. Best fit was found when modified Henderson-Pabis model was used. Desorption, drying rate, and effective diffusivity curves showed a non fickian process, a drying period of decreasing rate with internal control, and a concentration-dependence diffusion, respectively.
Review of Ultra-Dense Networks Integration with Device To Device ( D 2 D ) Communication

The current network architecture scene can be a challenge due to the increasing number of user equipment and its diversity. Furthermore, the demand for greater data rates and lower latency by the users are increasing. Deployment of the Ultra Dense Networks (UDN) described is to support future wireless network and meet user demands in future wireless networks. Combined with other technologies such as Device to Device (D2D) communication, it will provide benefit to the wireless communication. In this paper, challenges in existing research efforts are analyzed and future avenues for research is presented. Apart from that, this paper considers the features of the D2D and UDN to collaborate later. Generally, by deployment of large small cells, factors such as the traffic offloading, idle mode capability, power consumption, and energy efficiency should be considered. Basically, from the potential challenges that have been identified, it is obvious that the integration between D2D and UDN is a key enabler for potential solution. Finally, the research gaps for research between integration of UDN and D2D can be identified with challenges and open problems that have been presented.
Modeling of Wave Driven Molecular ( H 2 , N 2 , N 2 – Ar ) Discharges as Atomic Sources

Microwave H2, N2, and N2–Ar discharges driven by traveling surface waves are investigated as sources of ground state N(S), H(1s) atoms. The dissociation kinetics is discussed in the framework of theoretical models based on a self-consistent treatment of the main discharge balances, wave electrodynamics and plasma-wall interactions. It is shown that the number density of hydrogen H(1s) atoms depends heavily on the wall conditions at low pressure conditions. The kinetics of N( S) and metastable N( D) and N(P) atoms and of the molecular N2(A 3 )metastable state in a pure N2 discharge are shown to be strongly coupled. One possible way to control and to enhance nitrogen dissociation is the use of an N2–Ar mixture. The increase in dissociation degree of N2 molecules at high Ar fractional concentration can be attributed to dissociative recombination between electrons and N +2 positive ions. The predicted results for the atomic density are compared with emission spectroscopy data.
Prothrombin time (Pt) and partial thromboplastin time with kaolin (Pttk) of cigarette smokers in Calabar, Cross-river State, Nigeria.

Smoking injures blood vessel walls by damaging endothelial cells, thus increasing permeability to lipids and other blood components. It is a major health problem that results in significant morbidity and mortality. Scanty information on haemostatic studies on smokers was observed in Nigerian population especially in this locality, hence the reason for the study. The objective is to assess the prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time test values of cigarette smokers and to observe if there is any significant effect of cigarette smoking on these parameters. Prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time with kaolin (PTTk) was investigated in 240 volunteers in Calabar, Cross-River state of Nigeria. The comprised 120 cigarette smokers and 120 age and sex matched non-cigarette smokers. Citrated blood samples were collected and their plasma analyzed using Standard methods within an hour of sample collection. The results show that mean prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time values of smokers were significantly lower (P<0.001) when compared with the non-smokers. Duration of smoking significantly lowered the mean values of partial thromboplastin time test and prothrombin time test of smokers (P<0.001, P<0.05) respectively. PT and PTT (K) of smokers did not vary significantly (P>0.05) based on sex and age. It was concluded that cigarette intake as well as duration of intake, reduces PT and PTT (K) values thus may predispose cigarette smokers to rheologic abnormalities.