Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of caffeine on physiological responses to exercise in young boys and girls.

PURPOSE To describe the influence of caffeine on physiological responses to exercise in young children and determine whether sex differences in these responses exist. METHODS Twenty-six healthy 7- to 9-yr-old boys and 26 healthy 7- to 9-yr-old girls volunteered to participate in a double-blind, randomized, double crossover study design. Each child randomly received both the placebo (PL) and caffeinated (5 mg x kg(-1)) drink (CAF) twice each on four separate days. Following a 1-h wash-in period and resting measures, each child rode a cycle ergometer at 25 and then 50 W for 8 min each, while HR, blood pressure (BP), and oxygen consumption (VO2) were measured. RESULTS HR (bpm) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower at rest and at 25 and 50 W in CAF versus PL in both boys and girls. Diastolic BP (mm Hg) was significantly (P </= 0.05) higher at rest, 25 W in both boys and girls, and at 50 W in boys, in CAF versus PL. Systolic BP (mm Hg) was significantly (P </= 0.05) higher at rest in both boys and girls, at 25 W in boys, and at 50 W in girls. During exercise, VO2 (L x min(-1) or mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and RER were not different in CAF versus PL in either boys or girls. CONCLUSIONS A moderate dose of caffeine (5 mg.kg) does not affect metabolism (VO2 or RER) in young children at low-moderate intensities of exercise. However, CAF causes a significantly lower HR (bpm) and higher BP (mm Hg) in both young boys and girls.
Study on Agency Workers on Organizational Commitment and Self-Efficacy: Using Organizational Justice and Work Stress as Mediators

Dispatch work is a solution for firms to lower manpower cost and achieve business flexibility. Agency workers have gradually become an important working group. Dispatch work is not like traditional employment: the work is short-term, temporary and based on projects. According to the seasons and festivals, manpower demand from retail industry in Taiwan, for the sales of products, can increase significantly. The employment of agency workers to undertake complicated jobs and handle sales of various products is a normal strategy in the human resource operations in retail stores. This study probed the correlations among agency workers of retail stores in Taiwan, organizational commitment and self-efficacy, and treats work stress and organizational justice as moderators, in conducting quantitative research via questionnaire survey; 250 questionnaires were distributed, with a total of 240 returns. After eliminating 8 invalid questionnaires, the researcher obtained 232 valid questionnaires for a return rate of 92.8%. According to the research findings, there are positive and significant correlations among agency workers, organizational commitment and self-efficacy, and negative and significant correlations between work stress and self-efficacy. However, organizational commitment negatively but insignificantly influences work stress. The mediating effect of work stress between organizational commitment and self-efficacy was not supported. The mediating effect of organizational justice between organizational commitment and self-efficacy was also not supported.
Erlotinib in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: an update for clinicians

Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has become an important target in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Erlotinib and gefitinib, two small molecular agents that target the tyrosine kinase domain of the EGFR, were approved in many countries for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC as a second- or third-line regimen. Since then, randomized trials have evaluated the role of these two targeted agents alone or combined with chemotherapy in maintenance and first-line settings. This review summarizes the results of recent clinical trials with these tyrosine kinase inhibitors, with a focus on erlotinib, as first-line treatment towards a form of personalized medicine aimed at improving clinical outcome in advanced NSCLC.
Explaining arbitrage of CDS and Bond markets

The focus of this paper is the theoretical arbitrage relationship between the Credit Default Swaps and Corporate Bonds. We find that the arbitrage relationship tends to be violated, creating short term opportunities for traders. Results of VECM suggest that the difference in price of credit risk persists over time. This violation is explained by three sets of factors: 1) firm-specific credit risk proxies, 2) bond and CDS liquidity and 3) overall market conditions. Variables gain more explanatory power during the last financial crisis.
Revisiting the particle‐size distribution of soils: comparison of different methods and sample pre‐treatments

The choice of analytical method and sample pretreatment has significant consequences for the shape of particle‐size distribution (PSD) frequency curves, and therefore for the evaluation of soil textural parameters. Here, the comparison of several granulometric methods based on different physical principles is presented: wet sieving (WS), based on gravity and the mechanical force of water, was combined with pipette (PP) sedimentation/settling velocity, Micromeritics SediGraph (MS) sedimentation/x‐ray attenuation and Coulter Counter (CC) electroresistance particle counting. The Malvern Mastersizer (MM), an instrument based on laser diffraction, was used without WS. Twelve typical temperate‐region soil types were chosen for this study on the basis of their mineral composition, organic matter content, conductivity and magnetic susceptibility. The modalities of PSD frequency curves obtained by different methods were compared. The results showed considerably larger clay‐fraction contents determined with the sedimentation techniques, PP and MS, than that obtained by CC or MM.
Motivation and Dissatisfaction of Industrial Salespeople — How Relevant is Herzberg's Theory?

The need for effective industrial sales‐force motivation is emphasised and the theoretical relating to Herzberg's theory is discussed. Previous empirical studies are reviewed and the results of a 1985 investigation of British industrial salespeople's views on motivation and dissatisfaction are analysed. Implications concerning the Dual Factor Theory and industrial salesforce management are examined.
Brand strategies in social media

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to: first, examine why companies create brand pages in social media, how they use them, what policies and strategies they follow, and what outcomes do they expect; and second – from firms’ point of view – how users are benefited from such pages. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative study approach was employed for this study. Data were collected from personal interviews with 14 marketing managers responsible for the social media activity of their company, providing preliminary evidence about the actions firms take, the motivations that led them to getting involved, and the derived outcomes. Findings – The main actions of the firm are making prize competitions, announcing new products/services, interacting with fans, providing advice and useful information, and handling customer service issues. The basic motivations are the increasing popularity of social media, competitors’ presence, headquarters’ strategy, and cost reduction pressure. Interact with customers, .
Finite volume schemes for the p-Laplacian on Cartesian meshes

This paper is concerned with the finite volume approximation of the p-Laplacian equation with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions on rectangular meshes. A reconstruction of the norm of the gradient on the mesh's interfaces is needed in order to discretize the p-Laplacian operator. We give a detailed description of the possible nine points schemes ensuring that the solution of the resulting finite dimensional nonlinear system exists and is unique. These schemes, called admissible, are locally conservative and in addition derive from the minimization of a strictly convexe and coercive discrete functional. The convergence rate is analyzed when the solution lies in W 2,p . Numerical results are given in order to compare different admissible and non-admissible schemes.
The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility to Financial Performance of Company in Indonesia

This study aims to determine the effect of corporate social responsibility (employee, environment, and community) to financial performance (ROA and Tobin's Q). This study using a sample of 30 primary sector companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2010-2013 which is chosen using purposive sampling method. The analysis used in this study is multiple regression analysis with the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) as its program. The results of this study indicate that CSR measured through indicators of employee has no significant effect on the company's financial performance as measured by ROA and Tobin's Q. Environment has a significant effect on ROA but not against Tobin 's Q. Community has a significant effect both on ROA and Tobin's Q. The results of this study can be used by managers for consideration to improve the financial performance by choosing environment and the community as a social activity.
Harvard political scientist Samuel Huntington famously posited a stark distinction between Islamic and

Recent research on Muslim populations has offered interesting but limited insights about values preferences. This mixed-methods study examines the prevalence of support for patriarchy among a sample of religious Muslim university students in Southern Thailand using items from the World Values Survey. It also investigates the durability of these preferences by examining correlations between support or opposition to patriarchal values with preferences towards courtship practices, and elements that influence respondents’ views on gender roles, particularly related to the contemporary socioeconomic and political situation facing the Muslim minority of Southern Thailand.
Comprehensive Income in Italy: Reporting Preferences and Its Effects on Performance Indicators

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effective behaviour of 160 groups listed on the Italian Stock Exchange with regard to how they report comprehensive income (CI) in their financial statement, and also the impact of CI on the main indicators of company performance. This study, is to the best of our knowledge the first empirical research to investigate in Italy the reasons behind the choices of accounting format to represent CI, seeks to verify the relation, if any, between the choice made and the direction and size of the OCI components.The results show that the majority of companies in the sample opted for the presentation of comprehensive income in two separate and successive documents, thereby maintaining the distinction between income realised and income as yet unrealised, without clouding the traditional account with large amounts of a transitory nature. Moreover, from the study carried out, it emerges that there is a correlation between the form of accounting and the direction and size of OCI. Finally, the simulations conducted show how, in many cases, the results obtained by analysts would change if they were to base their estimates on OCI results.
A randomised controlled trial on the effect of exercise on physical , cognitive and affective function in dementia subjects

Objectives. To study the effect of an exercise intervention on physical function, cognition and affect in demented elderly subjects. Methods. A randomised controlled trial of 85 dementia patients attending the memory clinic of a regional hospital in Hong Kong was conducted between October 2005 and August 2007 inclusive. The intervention group received aerobic exercise training with treadmill, bicycle, arm ergometry and flexibility exercises carried out for 1 hour twice a week for 12 weeks. The control group received conventional medical treatment. Physical performance was evaluated using 6-minute walking distance, functional reach, the Berg Balance Scale and the SF12 quality-of-life questionnaire. Cognitive function was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination and Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale. The Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia was used to test for presence of depressive symptoms and carer stress was measured by the Zarit Burden Interview. For each outcome measure, the mean change from baseline was calculated at 3 monthly intervals, for up to 12 month. Results. Improved physical performance was significantly greater in the exercise group than in the routine medical care group. A significant difference between groups in favour of the exercise programme was observed for the 6-minute walking distance (12-month mean treatment difference 29.75, p=0.014) and functional reach (12-month mean treatment difference 2.63, p=0.009). There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups with respect to cognitive function. Exercise intervention did not have any effect on depression. Conclusion. A simple exercise programme led to a significant improvement in physical function but did not have any effect on mental function.
Export entrepreneurial orientation and export performance of SMEs in Uganda

January 2013 Internatinalisation of business operations has become a crucial element of the enterprise based economies. This is because of the increasing need for global economies to improve on their balance of payments and trade. Although this is the most desired economic situation, less is yielded from the SME sector in terms of export performance in Uganda. This study therefore was set to explore the conceptual feasibility of examining the possible relationship between Export entrepreneurial Orientation (as dimensionalised under innovativeness, proactiveness and risk orientation) and Export performance. 195 SMEs in Uganda were surveyed and findings revealed that SMEs in Uganda have significantly high levels of export entrepreneurial orientation and that EEO dimensions are significant predictors of export performance. Therefore, SMEs should be encouraged to always recruit entrepreneurial staff, open up for foreign partnerships and create international operations departments in order to streamline their export operations whilst committing resources towards the reinforcing of export performance.
Microprocessor Implementation of a Fast and Simultaneous Amplitude and Frequency Detector for Sinusoidal Signals

A microprocessor-controlled implementation of a fast and simultaneous amplitude and frequency detector for sinusoidal signals is introduced. The method computes the amplitude and frequency from three successive samples of the input signal. A special feature is that the samples are taken within a fraction of the period of the signal being measured, thereby minimizing the measurement time. Automatic selection of the sampling interval is based on the input frequency range.
The influence of obesity on hyperandrogenism and infertility in the female

Although a critical mass of adipose tissue is essential for the normal development of female reproductive function, obesity has been shown to produce menstrual disturbances and subfertility. The severity of obesity and the distribution of fat tissue are important factors that influence the female reproductive system. The pathogenetic mechanistic links between them aren’t clearly elucidated. Obese women, especially those with upper body obesity, have insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia, hyperandrogenaemia, increased peripheral aromatization of androgens to oestrogens, altered gonadotrophin secretion, decreased sex hormone binding globulin, decreased growth hormone (GH) and insulin like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), increased leptin levels and altered neuroregulation of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis. These have been considered as some of the links in the sequence of events of the disrupted ovulatory process. The mechanisms of these actions and their influence on female reproductive function are discussed below.
The influence of corporate social responsibility on total assets of qouted conglomerates in Nigeria

This study examines the influence of corporate social responsibility on total assets of quoted conglomerates in Nigeria, by using secondary source of data from annual reports of quoted conglomerates in Nigeria, and through fact books of Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) for the period of the study (i.e. 2006-2011) by means of census approach. The study used regression and correlational analysis in interpreting the result of the formulated hypothesis. Based on the outcome of the result it shows that there is a strong positive relationship between CSR and TA and it is significant at 1%. This gave us the basis of rejecting the null hypothesis. Therefore, the study recommended to the conglomerates companies to take CSR commitment as an important mechanism of boosting their total assets of an organization, because the more you committed yourself to corporate social responsibility the more investors and consumers are patronizing your shares and products respectively, the more the economies of scale, vice versa.
The role of service fairness in the service quality – relationship quality – customer loyalty chain

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to extend the well-established nomological network of service quality-relationship quality-customer loyalty by introducing service fairness – a distinct service evaluation concept. Specifically, the study aims to investigate the impact of service fairness on relationship quality as a complementary to service quality driver, and the direct and indirect effect of service fairness on customer loyalty in the presence of service quality and relationship quality in a no failure/recovery effort service context. Design/methodology/approach – A telephone survey of a random sample of 408 customers of auto repair and maintenance services was implemented using a structured questionnaire with established scales. Data were analyzed with partial least squares path methodology, a structural equation modeling methodology. Findings – Interactional fairness is the most important formative determinant of customers’ overall fairness perception, followed by procedural and distributive fai.
Parsing Financial Fragmentation in the Euro Area: A Multi-Country DSGE Perspective

The euro area experience during the financial crisis highlighted the importance of financial and sovereign risk factors in macroeconomic propagation, as well as the constraints that bank lending fragmentation would pose for monetary policy conduct in a currency union. We design a 6-region multi-country DSGE model which provides a structural interpretation of the salient features of these developments. The model spans the relevant "financial wedges" at play during the crisis, together with its cross-country heterogeneity within the euro area, focusing on Ger- many, France, Italy, Spain, and rest-of-euro area. We construct three stylised macro-financial scenarios as a synopsis of the euro area financial crisis and argue that the adverse interactions between sovereign, banking and corporate risk, can account to a large extent for the financial repression and poor economic performance observed in some parts of the euro area. JEL Classification: E4, E5, F4
Convex relaxation for the planted clique, biclique, and clustering problems

A clique of a graph G is a set of pairwise adjacent nodes of G. Similarly, a biclique (U, V ) of a bipartite graph G is a pair of disjoint, independent vertex sets such that each node in U is adjacent to every node in V in G. We consider the problems of identifying the maximum clique of a graph, known as the maximum clique problem, and identifying the biclique (U, V ) of a bipartite graph that maximizes the product |U | · |V |, known as the maximum edge biclique problem. We show that finding a clique or biclique of a given size in a graph is equivalent to finding a rank one matrix satisfying a particular set of linear constraints. These problems can be formulated as rank minimization problems and relaxed to convex programming by replacing rank with its convex envelope, the nuclear norm. Both problems are NP-hard yet we show that our relaxation is exact in the case that the input graph contains a large clique or biclique plus additional nodes and edges. For each problem, we provide two analyses of when our relaxation is exact. In the first, the diversionary edges are added deterministically by an adversary. In the second, each potential edge is added to the graph independently at random with fixed probability p. In the random case, our bounds match the earlier bounds of Alon, Krivelevich, and Sudakov, as well as Feige and Krauthgamer for the maximum clique problem. We extend these results and techniques to the k-disjoint-clique problem. The maximum node k-disjoint-clique problem is to find a set of k disjoint cliques of a given input graph containing the maximum number of nodes. Given input graph G and nonnegative edge weights w ∈ R+, the maximum mean weight k-disjoint-clique problem seeks to identify the set of k disjoint cliques of G that maximizes the sum of the average weights of the edges, with respect to w, of the complete subgraphs of G induced by the cliques. These problems may be considered as a way to pose the clustering problem. In clustering, one wants to partition a given data set so that the data items in each partition or cluster are similar and the items in different clusters are dissimilar. For the graph G such that the set of nodes represents a given data set and any two nodes are adjacent if and only if the corresponding items are similar, clustering the data into k disjoint clusters is equivalent to partitioning G into k-disjoint cliques. Similarly, given a complete graph with nodes corresponding to a given data set and edge weights indicating similarity between each pair of items, the data may be clustered by solving the maximum mean weight k-disjoint-clique problem. We show that both instances of the k-disjoint-clique problem can be formulated as rank constrained optimization problems and relaxed to semidefinite programs using the nuclear norm relaxation of rank. We also show that when the input instance corresponds to a collection of k disjoint planted cliques plus additional edges and nodes, this semidefinite relaxation is exact for both problems. We provide theoretical bounds that guarantee ex-
Decomposition of term-document matrix representation for clustering analysis

Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) is an information retrieval technique using a low-rank singular value decomposition (SVD) of term-document matrix. The aim of this method is to reduce the matrix dimension by finding a pattern in document collection with concurrently referring terms. The methods are implemented to calculate the weight of term-document in vector space model (VSM) for document clustering using fuzzy clustering algorithm. LSI is an attempt to exploit the underlying semantic structure of word usage in documents. During the query-matching phase of LSI, a user's query is first projected into the term-document space, and then compared to all terms and documents represented in the vector space. Using some similarity measure, the nearest (most relevant) terms and documents are identified and returned to the user. The current LSI query-matching method requires computing the similarity measure about the query of every term and document in the vector space. In this paper, the Maximal Tree Algorithm is used within a recent LSI implementation to mitigate the computational time and computational complexity of query matching. The Maximal Tree data structure stores the term and document vectors in such a way that only those terms and documents are most likely qualified as the nearest neighbor to the query will be examined and retrieved. In a word, this novel algorithm is suitable for improving the accuracy of data miners.