Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Phosphorous, Nitrogenous Fertilizers and Seeding Rates on Green Forge Yield and Its Quality of Sudangrass (Sorghum vulgare var. Sudanense (Piper) Stapf) under Ismailia Governorate Conditions - Egypt

Two field experiments were conducted in summer seasons of 2010 and 2011 at Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture; Suez Canal University at Ismailia governorate; Egypt. The soil textures of experiments were sandy. The experiments are aimed to study the response of Sudangrass cv. Giza "2" to three phosphorus fertilizer rates (0, 37 and 74 kg P2O5/ha), three rates of nitrogen (74, 121 and 171 kg N/ha), and two seeding rates (24 and 36 kg seed/ha). The design of each experiment was split-split plots design. Sowing date was 9th of May in two growing seasons. Plant height, leaves and stem fresh weight/plant, total plant fresh weight, leaf-stem ratio, green forage yield/cut, total green forage yield/season, CP %, and CP yield/cut were increased by increasing phosphorus fertilizer rates up to 74 kgP2O5/ha, and also, it were increased by increasing nitrogen fertilizer rates up to 171 kg N/ha, while crude fiber % was increased by increasing phosphorus levels and decreased by increasing nitrogen levels. At all cuts, increase seeding rates up to 36 kg/ha significantly increased plant height, green forage yield/cut and total green forage yield/season, but decreased significantly leaves and stem fresh weight/plant, total plant fresh weight, but didn’t affect significantly leaf-stem ratio, CP yield/cut, and CF %.
Brands as Relationship Partners: Warmth, Competence, and In-Between

The dialogue between social perception and consumer-brand relationship theories opens new opportunities for studying brands as intentional agents. To advance branding research in the spirit of interdisciplinary inquiry, we propose to investigate the process of anthropomorphism through which brands are imbued with intentional agency; integrate the role of consumers not only as perceivers but also as relationship agents; consider important defining dimensions of consumer-brand relationships beyond warmth and competence, including power and excitement; and articulate the dynamics governing warmth (intentions) and competency (ability) judgments to yield prescriptive guidance for developing popular and admired brands.
EXPLORATORY TRAWLING OFF GOA BY THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA FISHING VESSELS

The fish catch data of the Government of India vessels M. T. Kalyani IV and M. T. Kalyani V trawling off Goa during November - December 1967 and March - April 1968 have been analysed and the area and depth-wise distribution of the fishes is presented in the paper, along with an estimate of potential yield by employing the "sweep method". Altogether 25 sub-areas under major areas 15-73 and 16-73, between lat. 15°Nand 16"'30 'N were fished. For a fishing effort of 347.58 hours, 175, 446 kg of fish were netted at a catch rate of 504.76 kg/hr. Most of the sub-areas have given an average over 350 kg/hr up to a maximum of 821.67 kg/hr. Sub-areas 15-73/2E, 3D, 4A, 4C, 4E, 6C, 6D, 16-73/lB, 2B and 3B are considered very productive in the region. About 80% of the catches was constituted by small sciaenids (52.79%), catfishes (14.91%) and elasmobranchs (12.55%). Quality fishes Lactarius and pomfrets constituted 7.82% and 1.69% respectively and prawns formed 1.43% of the catches. The bulk of the catches (55 %) came from 21-40 m depth zone. The catch/hour returns were very high in 31-40 m. A second peak at 61-70 m for total fish was also noticed. The potential sustainable annual yield for the shelf area between 15''N and 16°30'N has been estimated at 28,535 tonnes which indicates a good scope for an increase in the fishing effort.
Phenolic compounds, methylxanthines and antioxidant activity in cocoa mass and chocolates produced from "witch broom disease" resistant and non resistant cocoa cultivars

The "witch broom disease" caused by the fungus called Moniliophthora perniciosa is one of the most important cocoa diseases in Latin America, causing around 70% production reduction in the southern Bahia. In attempt to solve the problem, many cultivars resistant to the disease have been recommended to farmers. On the other hand, the chocolate flavour is composed by many compounds whose formation depends on the genetic background, environment where cocoa is grown and processing operations. Therefore, this work aimed at determining the monomeric phenolic compounds, methylxanthines and antioxidant activity of cocoa mass and dark chocolate from cocoa cultivars resistant to "witch broom disease" and non resistant to the disease. The total phenolic compounds in cocoa mass did not vary among cultivars with values ranging from 23.95mg g-1 to 25.03mg g-1. Chocolates made from non resistant cultivars showed higher total phenolic compounds (19.11mg g-1) than SR162 and PH16 with 16.08mg g-1 and 15.46mg g-1, respectively. Epicatechin had higher content than catechin and the levels of these two compounds were higher in SR162. There were significant differences among samples of cocoa mass analyzed for caffeine. Chocolate made from SR162 had the highest amount of monomeric compounds due to its high concentration of catechin and epicatechin. The chocolate sample with the highest antioxidant activity was the SR162, followed by non resistant blend and PH16, showing relationship between the antioxidant activity and monomeric phenolics content.
Investigation of the oxidation of methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) by OH radicals in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR

Abstract. The photooxidation of methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) was investigated in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR for conditions at which organic peroxy radicals (RO2) mainly reacted with NO (“high NO” case) and for conditions at which other reaction channels could compete (“low NO” case). Measurements of trace gas concentrations were compared to calculated concentration time series applying the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM version 3.3.1). Product yields of methylglyoxal and glycolaldehyde were determined from measurements. For the high NO case, the methylglyoxal yield was (19 ± 3) % and the glycolaldehyde yield was (65 ± 14) %, consistent with recent literature studies. For the low NO case, the methylglyoxal yield reduced to (5 ± 2) % because other RO2 reaction channels that do not form methylglyoxal became important. Consistent with literature data, the glycolaldehyde yield of (37 ± 9) % determined in the experiment was not reduced as much as implemented in the MCM, suggesting additional reaction channels producing glycolaldehyde. At the same time, direct quantification of OH radicals in the experiments shows the need for an enhanced OH radical production at low NO conditions similar to previous studies investigating the oxidation of the parent VOC isoprene and methacrolein, the second major oxidation product of isoprene. For MVK the model–measurement discrepancy was up to a factor of 2. Product yields and OH observations were consistent with assumptions of additional RO2 plus HO2 reaction channels as proposed in literature for the major RO2 species formed from the reaction of MVK with OH. However, this study shows that also HO2 radical concentrations are underestimated by the model, suggesting that additional OH is not directly produced from RO2 radical reactions, but indirectly via increased HO2. Quantum chemical calculations show that HO2 could be produced from a fast 1,4-H shift of the second most important MVK derived RO2 species (reaction rate constant 0.003 s−1). However, additional HO2 from this reaction was not sufficiently large to bring modelled HO2 radical concentrations into agreement with measurements due to the small yield of this RO2 species. An additional reaction channel of the major RO2 species with a reaction rate constant of (0.006 ± 0.004) s−1 would be required that produces concurrently HO2 radicals and glycolaldehyde to achieve model–measurement agreement. A unimolecular reaction similar to the 1,5-H shift reaction that was proposed in literature for RO2 radicals from MVK would not explain product yields for conditions of experiments in this study. A set of H-migration reactions for the main RO2 radicals were investigated by quantum chemical and theoretical kinetic methodologies, but did not reveal a contributing route to HO2 radicals or glycolaldehyde.
Syddansk Universitet Phosphate uptake kinetics for four species of submerged freshwater macrophytes measured by a 33 P phosphate radioisotope technique

Phosphate (Pi) uptake kinetics were determined in shoot and root tissues for four freshwater macrophyte species, Littorella uniflora, Potamogeton perfoliatus, Myriophyllum alterniflorum and Elodea canadensis, using a radioactive 33P phosphate technique. Collection of plant material in the oligotrophic softwater lake, Lake Hampen, Denmark, where Pi limits macrophyte growth, enabled us to characterize and compare the Pi uptake kinetics and competitive characteristics of the four species in a low level Pi environment. The maximum Pi uptake rates (Vmax), the half saturation constants (Km) together with the affinity at low Pi concentrations (Vmax/Km) were determined by fitting data to the Michaelis-Menten kinetics. L. uniflora showed the highest Vmax/Km in the root tissue and the lowest Km. M. alterniflorum showed the highest and E. canadensis and P. perfoliatus the lowest Vmax/Km in leaf tissue. M. alterniflorum had the highest Vmax and, as the only species, a higher Vmax in leaves than in roots. Surface area explained about half of Vmax in M. alterniflorum leaves. Roots were the dominant organ for Pi assimilation for all species oftwater
Population Attributable Fraction of Stroke Risk Factors in Thailand: Utilization of Non-communicable Disease Surveillance Systems

In Thailand, stroke is the third leading cause of death. The objective of this study was to measure the impacts of behavioral risk and underlying disease factors on stroke. The study design was a case-cohort study comparing prevalence of demographic characteristics and risk factors between stroke patients and general population. We obtained data of stroke patients and risk factors in general population of 12 provinces from two non-communicable disease surveillance systems to calculate population-attributable fraction: the national health information system for morbidity and mortality surveillance, and the behavioral risk factor surveillance system. Multiple logistic regression, based on weighted data and adjusted for clustering effect in each province, was carried out. It was found that approximately 41.6% (95% CI = 35.1-46.2) of stroke in Thai population was related to hypertension. From an age group-specific model, among those aged 15-34 years, smoking carried the highest population attributable fraction of stroke, 32.7% (95% CI = 3.9-40.4). This study demonstrates that impact measurement of stroke risk factors could help devise stroke prevention and control strategies to tackle influential factors. In Thailand, hypertension control program should be a priority in middle and old age groups whereas smoking prevention should be emphasized in young people.
TM5-FASST: a global atmospheric source–receptor model for rapid impact analysis of emission changes on air quality and short-lived climate pollutants

Abstract. This paper describes, documents, and validates the TM5-FAst Scenario Screening Tool (TM5-FASST), a global reduced-form air quality source–receptor model that has been designed to compute ambient pollutant concentrations as well as a broad range of pollutant-related impacts on human health, agricultural crop production, and short-lived pollutant climate metrics, taking as input annual pollutant emission data aggregated at the national or regional level. The TM5-FASST tool, providing a trade-off between accuracy and applicability, is based on linearized emission-concentration sensitivities derived with the full chemistry-transport model TM5. The tool has been extensively applied in various recent critical studies. Although informal and fragmented validation has already been performed in various publications, this paper provides a comprehensive documentation of all components of the model and a validation against the full TM5 model. We find that the simplifications introduced in order to generate immediate results from emission scenarios do not compromise the validity of the output and as such TM5-FASST is proven to be a useful tool in science-policy analysis. Furthermore, it constitutes a suitable architecture for implementing the ensemble of source–receptor relations obtained in the frame of the HTAP modelling exercises, thus creating a link between the scientific community and policy-oriented users.
Burst swim speed in tadpoles inhabiting ponds with different top predators

Selection is likely to favour anti-predator strategies that are effective against predators encountered frequently. Larval anuran communities fall along a gradient of pond permanency and pond permanency also affects the type of top predator present. These environmental factors combine to create distinct categories of pond types. In this study, I quantified the predator avoidance trait burst swim speed and related traits for 14 anuran species found in three pond types and within three taxonomic families. Absolute swim speed differed significantly among species and among taxonomic families. Inclusion of size in the model revealed a three-way interaction between size, habitat and taxonomic family. Tail beat frequency and body shape differed significantly among species, but with no pattern by family or habitat. Functional relationships among traits also did not differ among family by habitat groups. The evolution of swim speed was significantly correlated with the evolution of increased size. In general, these results suggest that anurans have invaded new pond types using multiple mechanisms to cope with the predators that are present.
Effects of nitrogen application on dry land wheat roots and shoot

DOI: 10.15580/GJAS.2012. 5.08181245 Nitrogen application could have affected the shoot and roots of plants. This experiment was conducted in a split plot design with ten nitrogen levels (0, 15, 20, 30, 40, 45, 60, 80, 90 and 120 kg N.ha as urea) in main plot and 5 dry land wheat genotypes (Azar2, Sardari, Sardari39, Sardari101 and Rasad) in sub-plot with 4 replications. Results showed that, in tillering stage (GS21) nitrogen fall application increased plant wet weight, root wet weight significantly at 1%, and increased number of nodal roots, plant dry weight and root volume significantly at 5%. Nitrogen application increased root wet weight 157%, root volume 114%, number of nodal roots 60% and grain yield 47%. Results showed that root wet weight, root volume and number of nodal roots was significantly positive maximum direct effects on grain yield respectively. Coleoptile, root wet weight and seminal roots length were affected indirectly above the mentioned characteristic effects on grain yield. Direct effects of coleoptile length, seminal roots length and number of seminal roots were negative on grain yield significantly. Mean dry-land wheat nitrogen requirement for obtaining of 95% maximum grain yield and maximum root volume, calculated 42 kgN.ha from urea in drought year with 137 mm annual rainfall. Submitted: 18/08/2012 Accepted: 26/08/2012 Published: 30/08/2012
Adoption of financial innovation in the Ghanaian banking industry

This century has been full of innovations: new technologies, new products, new services and a plethora of new industries have emerged. Yet the call for innovation in business, especially in financial services, has never been more intense. Although research on this topic exists, there is no empirical evidence regarding the critical factors influencing customer adoption of electronic banking innovation in Ghana’s banking industry. The aim of this article is therefore to investigate the factors influencing the adoption of financial innovation in Ghana’s banking industry. Surveys were conducted involving 405 clients of the six major banks in the country. Using logistical regression, the results amongst other things show that innovation attributes such as lack of complexity, compatibility and perceived usefulness provided by financial innovation, increase the likelihood of e-banking adoption. In light of these findings, the study recommends that banks should focus on designing both useful and easy-to-use e-banking products that will attract potential and existing customers. Keywords: e-banking, financial innovation, Ghana, technology, West Africa
Hedging Price Risk in the Presence of Crop and Revenue Insurance

The demand for hedging against price uncertainty in the presence of crop yield and revenue insurance contracts is examined for two French wheat farms. The rationale for the use of options in addition to futures is first highlighted through the characterization of the first-best hedging strategy in the expected utility framework. It is then illustrated using numerical simulations. The presence of options is shown to allow the insured producer to adopt a more speculative position on the futures market. Futures are shown to be performing, in terms of willingness to receive. Options are weakly performing when futures markets are unbiased, while they are more performing when futures markets are biased.
Implementation of a test day model for production traits in the UK

The Test day model (TDM) has become the method of choice for genetic evaluation of production traits in dairy cattle. Various researchers have outlined its advantages which include better correction of environmental effects, ability to model individual cow lactation curves and produce persistency evaluations. However, in the UK, complete test day (TD) records are only available from 1995 compared with 305d yields utilised in the current repeatability animal model (IAM) which are available since 1975. The recent guide for National and International evaluation systems by Interbull (2001) recommended that genetic evaluation for production traits should be based on at least 15 years of data. The span of TD records in the UK does not meet this requirement. Moreover, analysis of only TD records would exclude the dams of cows with records prior to 1992 and this could affect the accuracy of cow evaluations. Mantysaari (2002) presented a random regression (RR) model that could be used for the joint analysis of TD and lactational records.
Soil Loss Vulnerability Assessment in the Mekong River Basin

The Mekong River plays an extremely important role in Southeast Asia. Flowing through six countries, including China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos PDR, Cambodia, and Vietnam, it is a site of great biological and ecological diversity and the habitat of numerous species of fish. It also supports a very large population that lives along the river basin. Therefore, much attention has been focused on the giant Mekong River Basin, particularly, its soil erosion and sedimentation problems. In fact, many methods have been used to calculate and simulate these problems. However, in the case of the Mekong River Basin, the available data is limited because of the extreme size of the area (about 795,000 ㎢) and lack of equipment systems in the countries through which the Mekong River flows. In this study, we applied the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) model in a GIS (Geographic Information System) framework to calculate the amount of soil erosion and sediment load during the selected period, from 1951 to 2007. The result points out dangerous areas, such as the Upper Mekong River Basin and 3S Basin (containing the Sekong, Sesan, and Srepok Rivers) that are suffering the serious consequences of soil erosion problems. Moreover, the present model is also useful for supporting river basin management in the implementation of sustainable management practices in the Mekong River Basin and other basins.
APPLICATION OF TWO-STEP SPECTRAL PRECONDITIONING TECHNIQUE FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING IN A HALF SPACE

To e-ciently solve large dense complex linear system arising from electric fleld integral equations (EFIE) formulation of half-space electromagnetic scattering problems, the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is used to accelerate the matrix- vector product operations. The two-step spectral preconditioning is developed for the generalized minimal residual iterative method (GMRES). The two-step spectral preconditioner is constructed by combining the spectral preconditioner and sparse approximate inverse (SAI) preconditioner to speed up the convergence rate of iterative methods. Numerical experiments for scattering from conducting objects above or embeded in a lossy half-space are given to demonstrate the e-ciency of the proposed method.
Limiting current in a relativistic diode under the condition of magnetic insulation

The maximum emission current density is calculated for a time-independent, relativistic, cycloidal electron flow in a diode that is under the condition of magnetic insulation. Contrary to conventional thinking, this maximum current is not determined by the space charge limited condition on the cathode, even when the emission velocity of the electrons is assumed to be zero. The self electric and magnetic fields associated with the cycloidal flow are completely accounted for. This maximum current density is confirmed by a two-dimensional, fully electromagnetic and fully relativistic particle-in-cell code.
Regulation and informal settlements in Brazil: a quasi-experiment approach

This paper discusses the relation between urban norms and informality and presents some evidence for Brazil using a quasi-experimental approach. Using a theoretical framework that relates the supply of house elasticity with the urban norms I argue and give some evidence that in developing countries a more stringent urban regulation would generate more informality while in developed countries it is expected to generate higher housing prices. But not all norms have equal impact. Zoning and land parceling norms seem to have a large impact on informal housing formation while the urban perimeter and building codes have small or no effect. This conclusion is strong and there are some important consequences to land policy issues. The findings are consistent with the dual market model presented in the paper and refute the notion that the formal and informal market are completely independent, since in this case we would expect no impact from regulation on the informal market. Also the idea that urban norms are not enforced in Brazil is very much questioned in this study by exactly the same argument.