Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Precision X-Ray Timing of RX J0806.3+1527 with Chandra: Evidence for Gravitational Radiation from an Ultracompact Binary

RX J0806.3+1527 is a candidate double-degenerate binary with possibly the shortest known orbital period. The source shows an ≈100% X-ray intensity modulation at the putative orbital frequency of 3.11 mHz (321.5 s). If the system is a detached, ultracompact binary, gravitational radiation should drive spin-up with a magnitude of ~ 10-16 Hz s-1. Efforts to constrain the X-ray frequency evolution to date have met with mixed success, principally due to the sparseness of earlier observations. Here we describe the results of the first phase-coherent X-ray monitoring campaign on RX J0806.3+1527 with Chandra. We obtained a total of 70 ks of exposure in six epochs logarithmically spaced over 320 days. With these data we conclusively show that the X-ray frequency is increasing at a rate of (3.77 ± 0.8) × 10-16 Hz s-1. Using the ephemeris derived from the new data, we are able to phase up all the earlier Chandra and ROSAT data and show that they are consistent with a constant = (3.63 ± 0.06) × 10-16 Hz s-1 over the past decade. This value appears consistent with that recently derived by Israel et al., largely from monitoring of the optical modulation, and is in rough agreement with the solutions reported initially by Hakala et al., based on ground-based optical observations. The large and stable over a decade is consistent with gravitational radiation losses driving the evolution. An intermediate polar (IP) scenario in which the observed X-ray period is the spin period of an accreting white dwarf appears less tenable because the observed requires an ≈ 2 × 10-8 M☉ yr-1, which is much larger than that inferred from the observed X-ray luminosity (although this depends on the uncertain distance and bolometric corrections), and it is difficult to drive such a high in a binary system with parameters consistent with all the multiwavelength data. If the ultracompact scenario is correct, then the X-ray flux cannot be powered by stable accretion, which would drive the components apart, suggesting that a new type of energy source (perhaps electromagnetic) may power the X-ray flux.
Prenatal diagnosis of malignant osteopetrosis in Bedouin families by linkage analysis

Autosomal recessive malignant osteopetrosis (MOP) is a lethal disease, unless bone marrow is successfully transplanted. Yet a donor may not always be available, and even when there is one transplantation results are far from optimal. The difficulty in obtaining conclusive results by sonographic and X‐ray evaluation of the fetus makes prenatal molecular diagnosis highly desirable. Subsequent to the chromosomal localization of the MOP gene in Arab‐Bedouin families from the Negev region in Israel, linkage analysis was used for the prenatal diagnosis of this disease in Bedouin families at risk. Twelve cases were diagnosed, three fetuses were found to be affected, and one of the pregnancies was terminated. The other two pregnancies continued to term and the diagnosis of osteopetrosis was confirmed by X‐ray immediately after birth. This is the first report on prenatal diagnosis of autosomal recessive osteopetrosis by linkage analysis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extending hydrodynamics via the regularization of the Chapman-Enskog expansion.

A regularization procedure of the Chapman-Enskog expansion is introduced. It extends the hydrodynamical description into higher gradients domains. This was intended but never accomplished satisfactorily by the Burnett equations. The resulting macroscopic system formally has the same form (and complexity) as the Navier-Stokes equations, with the new transport coefficients being wavelength dependent. It reduces in the long-wavelength limit to the Burnett equations. In agreement with experimental evidence, strong shock layers are narrower in comparison with the predictions of the Navier-Stokes theory.
Characterization of the basic replicon of pCM1, a narrow-host-range plasmid from the moderate halophile Chromohalobacter marismortui

The moderately halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter marismortui contains a 17.5-kb narrow-host-range plasmid, pCM1, which shows interesting properties for the development of cloning vectors for the genetic manipulation of this important group of extremophiles. Plasmid pCM1 can stably replicate and is maintained in most gram-negative moderate halophiles tested. The replication origin has been identified and sequenced, and the minimal pCM1 replicon has been localized to a 1,600-bp region which includes two functionally discrete regions, the oriV region and the repA gene. oriV, located on a 700-bp fragment, contains four iterons 20 bp in length adjacent to a DnaA box that is dispensable but required for efficient replication of pCM1, and it requires trans-acting functions. The repA gene, which encodes a replication protein of 289 residues, is similar to the replication proteins of other gram-negative bacteria.
Role Played by Microphthalmia Transcription Factor Phosphorylation and Its Zip Domain in Its Transcriptional Inhibition by PIAS3

ABSTRACT Mutation of microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) results in deafness, bone loss, small eyes, and poorly pigmented eyes and skin. A search for MITF-associated proteins, using a mast cell library that was screened with a construct that encodes the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (Zip) domain of MITF, resulted in the isolation of the STAT3 inhibitor, PIAS3. PIAS3 functions in vivo as a key molecule in suppressing the transcriptional activity of MITF. Here, we report that the Zip domain is the region of MITF that is involved in the direct interaction between MITF and PIAS3. Additionally, we investigated the effect of phosphorylation of MITF on its interaction with PIAS3. We found that phosphorylation of MITF on serines in positions 73 and 409 plays an important role in its association with PIAS3. This effect was profound with phosphorylation on Ser409, which significantly reduced the inhibitory effect of PIAS3 on MITF and also modulated the transcriptional activity of MITF. Thus, phosphorylation of MITF could be considered a fine, and alternative, tuning of its transcriptional machinery.
The occurrence and epidemiology of intestinal spirochaetes in humans in Western Australia

s and Conference Proceedings Brooke CJ, Riley TV and Hampson DJ, 1999. Detection of Serpulina pilosicoli in automated and manual blood culture systems. Program and Abstracts of the Australian Society for Microbiology Tri-state Meeting “Spirochaetes in the Spinifex”, Alice Springs, Australia. Abstr. S2.18. Brooke CJ, Riley TV and Hampson DJ, 1999. Automated detection of Serpulina pilosicoli in two blood culture systems: a comparative trial. Program and Abstracts of the International Union of Microbiological Societies IX International Congress of Bacteriology and Applied Microbiology, Sydney, Australia. Abstr. BPO23.01, p. 137. Brooke CJ, Mikosza AJ, Riley TV and Hampson DJ, 2000. Faecal carriage of intestinal spirochaetes in Western Australia. Program and Abstracts of the Australian Society for Microbiology 2000 Joint Scientific Meeting and Exhibition, Cairns, Australia. Abstr. P3.04. Brooke CJ, Clair AN, Riley TV, and Hampson, DJ, 2001. Molecular epidemiology of Brachyspira pilosicoli in Western Australia. Program and Abstracts of the Australian Society for Microbiology 2001 Annual Scientific Meeting and Exhibition, Perth, September Australia. Abstr. PP5.2. Brooke CJ, Riley TV and Hampson DJ, 2002. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of human strains of Brachyspira pilosicoli. Abstracts of Anaerobe Olympiad 2002. The 6th Biennial Congress of the Anaerobe Society of the Americas, Park City, UT USA. Abstr. SP4. Brooke CJ, Riley TV and Hampson DJ, 2002. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of human strains of Brachyspira pilosicoli. In: Programme and Abstracts of the Eighth Western Pacific Congress on Chemotherapy and Infectious Diseases. Perth, Australia. Abstr. 179. Brooke CJ, Riley TV and Hampson DJ, 2003. The prevalence of intestinal spirochaetes in Western Australians. In: Programme and Abstracts of the Second International Conference on Colonic Spirochaetal Infections in Animals and Humans, Edinburgh, Scotland. Abstr. 7.
Elevation increases in moth assemblages over 42 years on a tropical mountain

Physiological research suggests that tropical insects are particularly sensitive to temperature, but information on their responses to climate change has been lacking—even though the majority of all terrestrial species are insects and their diversity is concentrated in the tropics. Here, we provide evidence that tropical insect species have already undertaken altitude increases, confirming the global reach of climate change impacts on biodiversity. In 2007, we repeated a historical altitudinal transect, originally carried out in 1965 on Mount Kinabalu in Borneo, sampling 6 moth assemblages between 1,885 and 3,675 m elevation. We estimate that the average altitudes of individuals of 102 montane moth species, in the family Geometridae, increased by a mean of 67 m over the 42 years. Our findings indicate that tropical species are likely to be as sensitive as temperate species to climate warming, and we urge ecologists to seek other historic tropical samples to carry out similar repeat surveys. These observed changes, in combination with the high diversity and thermal sensitivity of insects, suggest that large numbers of tropical insect species could be affected by climate warming. As the highest mountain in one of the most biodiverse regions of the world, Mount Kinabalu is a globally important refuge for terrestrial species that become restricted to high altitudes by climate warming.
Acceptability and Efficacy of Purified Vero-Cell Rabies Vaccine in Thai Children Exposed to Rabies

A field trial of purified vero-cell tissue culture rabies vaccine (PVRV) was carried out, and 566 children under 15 years of age were studied. Of these 309 (54.6%) had been exposed to laboratory proven rabid animals. Rabies immune globulin (RIG) was given to 47 children with severe exposures. The vaccine was given by the conventional six-dose intramuscular route to 467 patients (82.5%). The remaining 99 victims (17.5%) were given vaccine by the multiple site intradermal route using a schedule of 0.1 ml at two sites on days 0, three and seven, and at one site on days 30 and 90. Adequate follow-up was achieved in 100% of the cases with proven exposure to rabid animals at three months, and in 94.1% at one year. The overall follow-up rate for the entire group was 91.1% at the end of one year, and all patients traced were alive and healthy. The incidence of minor adverse reactions to PVRV was equal to that of other tissue culture rabies vaccines. Regional lymphadenopathy and itching at the injection sites were significantly more common in the group receiving intradermal vaccine than in those who received vaccine by the intramuscular route.
Studies on lepromin and soluble antigens of M.leprae: their classification standardization and use.

Before the discovery of armadillo as a susceptible animal the source of M.leprae was limited and hence the use of lepromin was not common in the field. In recent times, the soluble antigens of armadillo-derived M.leprae have been used extensively in the field. Although the results of the study show that these antigens do not differentiate always a susceptible form from the resistant form, they are able to segregate the polar forms of leprosy. In a given field situation the criteria for diagnosis is so stressed that leprosy is overdiagnosed and within one year of follow up nearly half the number of cases are noted as not leprosy. Hence, in such situations lepromin reaction would be definitely a poor correlate with the type of leprosy. However, in hospital based studies the lepromin reaction has always been and would remain useful in confirming the classification (Sengupta et al 1984). Lepromins and M.leprae soluble antigens have gone through extensive standardization procedures. As these antigens contain mostly common mycobacterial antigens along with the M.leprae-specific antigens, these antigens are unable to specifically diagnose M.leprae infection. After purification of M.leprae from infected armadillo tissue, it was expected that the soluble antigen of M.leprae would probably be as useful as tuberculin. However, this was not found to be true in case of lepromin. Specificity for M.leprae has been noted in the epitopes (antigenic sites) on cross reacting molecules (12 kd, 18 kd, 28 kd, 35 kd, 36 kd) of mycobacteria (Ivanyi et al 1983; Watson 1989). These specific epitopes, if synthesized, could be of use as skin test antigens for determining M.leprae infection. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Randomized Trial of Hepatic Artery Embolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Doxorubicin-Eluting Microspheres Compared With Embolization With Microspheres Alone.

PURPOSE Transarterial chemoembolization is accepted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). No randomized trial has demonstrated superiority of chemoembolization compared with embolization, and the role of chemotherapy remains unclear. This randomized trial compares the outcome of embolization using microspheres alone with chemoembolization using doxorubicin-eluting microspheres. MATERIALS AND METHODS At a single tertiary referral center, patients with HCC were randomly assigned to embolization with microspheres alone (Bead Block [BB]) or loaded with doxorubicin 150 mg (LC Bead [LCB]). Random assignment was stratified by number of embolizations to complete treatment, and assignments were generated by permuted blocks in the institutional database. The primary end point was response according to RECIST 1.0 (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) using multiphase computed tomography 2 to 3 weeks post-treatment and then at quarterly intervals, with the reviewer blinded to treatment allocation. Secondary objectives included safety and tolerability, time to progression, progression-free survival, and overall survival. This trial is currently closed to accrual. RESULTS Between December 2007 and April 2012, 101 patients were randomly assigned: 51 to BB and 50 to LCB. Demographics were comparable: median age, 67 years; 77% male; and 22% Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A and 78% stage B or C. Adverse events occurred with similar frequency in both groups: BB, 19 of 51 patients (38%); LCB, 20 of 50 patients (40%; P = .48), with no difference in RECIST response: BB, 5.9% versus LCB, 6.0% (difference, -0.1%; 95% CI, -9% to 9%). Median PFS was 6.2 versus 2.8 months (hazard ratio, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.91 to 2.05; P = .11), and overall survival, 19.6 versus 20.8 months (hazard ratio, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.71 to 1.76; P = .64) for BB and LCB, respectively. CONCLUSION There was no apparent difference between the treatment arms. These results challenge the use of doxorubicin-eluting beads for chemoembolization of HCC.
Amplification and restriction endonuclease digestion of a large fragment of genes coding for rRNA as a rapid method for discrimination of closely related pathogenic bacteria

We read the recent article by Ibrahim, Gerner-Smidt, and Sjöstedt (2) with great interest. Ibrahim et al. describe a method for discrimination between closely related pathogenic bacteria based upon restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of ribosomal operons. In short, they demonstrate the application of this technique to the discrimination of DNA groups 1, 2, 3, and 13 of the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii complex, as well as to the three species of Francisella. However, the limitations of this method for taxonomic analysis must be considered. Species identification by this technique would not be possible for some bacterial genera, for instance, Haemophilus influenzae, one of the several organisms included in the study. Previously when we used the same procedure, namely, RFLP analysis with HaeIII of PCR-amplified ribosomal operons (which we termed PCR-ribotyping [3]), we observed at least 50 distinct RFLP patterns among the predominantly nonencapsulated H. influenzae in our population. While the great variation in spacer regions within the ribosomal operons makes this technique ideal for strain differentiation, the method excludes the ribosomal operon as a target for discrimination between Haemophilus species. Hence, prior knowledge of intraspecies homogeneity of the rRNA spacers would be necessary if this method were to be used for taxonomic purposes. Not only does Acinetobacter fulfil this requirement, but also all the rRNA operons in the genome appear to be identical (1). H. influenzae and a number of other organisms differ in both of these aspects (1).
Peer group identification and smoking: implications for intervention.

The present investigation had the goal of examining the relation between cigarette smoking and peer group affiliations in junior high school students. The data were obtained by administering a structured interview to 353 seventh and eighth graders. The results showed that two high-risk groups who made up 14.7% of the sample accounted for 55.6% of the smokers. In addition, a discriminant analysis revealed that cigarette smoking was the best discriminator of social group affiliations. The results suggest that smoking intervention programs will have a greater chance of being a success if they address specific social and emotional needs of individuals who are at greater risk for becoming smokers.
Approaches to estimating humification indicators for peat.

Degree of decomposition is an important property of the organic matter in soils and other deposits which contain fossil carbon. It describes the intensity of transformation, or the humification degree (HD), of the original living organic matter. In this article, approaches to the determination of HD are thoroughly described and C dated peat columns extracted from several bogs in Latvia are investigated and compared. A new humification indicator is suggested, namely the quantity of humic substances as a fraction of the total amount of organic matter in the peat.
Evaluation of eIF4E Expression in an Osteosarcoma-Specific Tissue Microarray

The ability to define osteosarcoma (OS) patients at greatest risk for metastatic progression and nonresponsiveness to conventional therapy is currently not possible. Such biomarkers are needed to predict overall prognosis, probability of metastases at diagnosis, and response to chemotherapy. The tissue microarray (TMA) serves as a powerful tool for detecting and validating protein biomarkers across a variety of patients. We constructed a novel outcome-linked TMA to add to and address shortcomings of currently available OS tissue resources. To test the use of our TMA, we surveyed the expression of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) in OS patients using immunohistochemistry. Aberrant regulation of translation initiation is a feature of many cancers. eIF4E is central to initiation of protein synthesis. Its expression and activity have been implicated in tumor formation and potentially malignant and/or metastatic progression in some carcinomas. We found that eIF4E was uniformly expressed in OS patient samples. No association was found between eIF4E and outcome in OS patients. This novel OS TMA provided a facile mechanism to assess the role of a relevant protein biomarker in OS.
Selected highlights from the 54th Annual Scientific Session of the American College of Cardiology, Orlando, USA, 6 – 9 March 2005

The recent scientific session of the American College of Cardiology, held in Orlando, Florida, US, was one of the largest gatherings in the field of cardiovascular medicine worldwide. This year’s session provided a wealth of new information in many areas of cardiovascular medicine and the results of several clinically relevant new trials and current challenges facing cardiology were presented. Provided here are selected highlights that have important implications for clinical practice.
Substance Use Attitudes, Behaviors, Education and Prevention in Colleges of Pharmacy in the United States

This review describes and summarizes student pharmacists’ substance use behavior in the United States. Current literature indicates that there are problems with alcohol and other drug use among student pharmacists. Although researchers have found variations in the type and rate of reported substance use, significant proportions of student pharmacists were identified as being at high risk for substance use disorders (SUDs). Findings from this review suggest that pharmacy schools should encourage and stimulate more research in order to implement effective screening and early intervention programs in an effort to address this important student health issue.
Discrepancies in Atomic Data and Suggestions for Their Resolutions

The analysis and modelling of a range of plasmas (for example, astrophysical, laser- produced and fusion) require atomic data for a number of parameters, such as energy levels, radiative rates and electron impact excitation rates, or equivalently, the effective collision strengths. Such data are desired for a wide range of elements and their many ions, although all elements are not useful for all types of plasmas. Since measurements of atomic data are mostly confined to only a few energy levels of some ions, calculations for all parameters are highly important. However, often, there are large discrepancies among different calculations for almost all parameters, which makes it difficult to apply the data with confidence. Many such discrepancies (and the possible remedies) were discussed earlier (Fusion Sci. Technol. 2013, 63, 363). Since then, many more anomalies for almost all of these atomic parameters have been noticed. Therefore, this paper is a revisit of various atomic parameters to highlight the large discrepancies, their possible sources and some suggestions to avoid these, so that comparatively more accurate and reliable atomic data may be available in the future.
On Polymerase Chain Reaction Tests for Estimating Prevalence of Malaria in Birds

Molecular diagnostics have the potential to detect parasites at lower intensities than direct inspection such as microscopy. However, techniques using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are sufficiently complex that different laboratories may implement them with varying attention to purity of DNA, recognition of artifacts, and resolution of multiple bands. The result is that some laboratories may be unable to get a published protocol to work or abandon it prematurely. Comparisons of prevalance of maleria in the blood of birds involving the same primers with different implementations show that the original published implementation was most accurate. In particular, false negatives by PCR in samples where parasites can be detected by microscopy reflect problems with laboratory procedure.
The immunoglobulin nature of the antigen recognition site on cells mediating transplantation immunity and delayed hypersentivity.

Pretreatment of normal adult mouse spleen cells, or peritoneal exudate cells from mice sensitized to DNP~CSA, with anti-immunoglobulin light polypeptide chain sera considerably suppressed the ability of these cells to induce the graft v8 host reaction or the transfer of delayed hypersensitivity. Anti-heavy chain sera did not cause this suppression. These results indicate that the antigen recognition site on lymphocytes involves an immunoglobulin light chain which is either free or bound to a new heavy chain type.