Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of controller-based compensation for biodynamic feedthrough in a backhoe

Biodynamic feedthrough can occur in many types of human-controlled machines where the operator is also a passenger. The motion of the controlled machine excites motion of the human operator’s body, causing motion of the operator’s hand, creating undesirable input. Backhoes are one example of a machine that is susceptible to significant performance degradation from biodynamic feedthrough. This study investigates and models the system dynamics, including the human operator and biodynamic feedthrough, develops two methods of compensation for biodynamic feedthrough based on those models, compares them with similar controllers without vibration compensation, and experimentally validates the performance of the biodynamic feedthrough compensation. The performance results, as well as operator survey results, show that the operators perform better and prefer the vibration-compensating controllers over their non-vibration-compensating counterparts.
36-GHz High-Responsivity Ge Photodetectors Grown by RPCVD

We present high-speed Ge p-i-n photodetectors for vertical incidence with high responsivity, grown by reduced pressure chemical vapor deposition. From the high-resolution X-ray diffraction analysis, the Ge epilayer shows good crystalline homogeneity and the residual tensile strain of 0.16%. The fabricated device exhibits the 3-dB bandwidth of 36 GHz, the responsivity of 0.47 A/W, and low dark current of 42 nA at lambda ~ 1.55 mum. The same device also shows the responsivity of 0.7 A/W at lambda ~ 1.31mum. The on-chip measurement of the eye diagram shows a good opening at 40-Gb/s data transmission.
Heart transplantation as a treatment option for end-stage heart disease in patients older than 65 years of age.

Because of the critical donor organ shortage for heart transplantation, selection of recipients should be based on the potential for maximum benefit. To evaluate the effects of advancing age on outcome after heart transplantation, we compared the clinical variables of 12 recipients aged 65 years or older (66.1 +/- 0.9 years [x +/- standard deviation]; range, 65 to 67 years) with those of 57 patients aged 55 to 64 years (59.3 +/- 2.7 years) at the time of the procedure. The two study groups were similar in sex, race, pretransplantation heart disease, immunocompatibility, maintenance immunosuppression, and length of first hospitalization at the time of the procedure. Groups were also similar regarding the incidence of malignancies, fractures, diabetes, neurologic complications, and renal dysfunction occurring over the follow-up period. Patients 65 years of age or older had a significantly higher number of hospital days (36 +/- 29 versus 15 +/- 18 days; p < 0.02) and increased frequency of infections/month (0.7 +/- 0.3 versus 0.3 +/- 0.4 infections/month; p < 0.03) during the first postoperative year. Older patients had a higher incidence of cytomegalovirus infections (50% versus 19%; p < 0.06), lower rates of rejection at 1 and 6 months after operation (p < 0.03), and more severe functional limitation (p < 0.002) than patients aged 55 to 64 years. One-year actuarial survival was not significantly different in the two groups. The results of our study suggest that, because of lower rejection and higher infection rates, heart transplantation recipients older than 65 years of age should receive less intense immunosuppression. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A catalyst for change: the European cancer Patient's Bill of Rights.

The European Cancer Concord is a unique patient-centered partnership that will act as a catalyst to achieve improved access to an optimal standard of cancer care and research for European citizens. In order to provide tangible benefits for European cancer patients, the partnership proposes the creation of a “European Cancer Patient’s Bill of Rights,” a patient charter that will underpin equitable access to an optimal standard of care for Europe’s citizens.
Acoustic whispering gallery mode resonator with Q > 109,000 at 515MHz

A capacitive-gap transduced micromechanical resonator design based on an acoustic whispering gallery mode (WGM) constructed in micro-crystalline diamond has achieved a Q >;109,000 at 515MHz, posting an f·Q product of >;5.6×1013. The key to this performance is anchor-loss nulling by the WGM, as evidenced by comparison of Q values between radial-contour modes and WGM ones on the same disk device, where a 2-3× enhancement of Q is observed. Q's exceeding 100,000 should enable unprecedented RF front-end frequency selectivity and low phase noise oscillators for future communications.
Activation of insulin and IGF‐1 signaling pathways by melatonin through MT1 receptor in isolated rat pancreatic islets

Abstract: Melatonin diminishes insulin release through the activation of MT1 receptors and a reduction in cAMP production in isolated pancreatic islets of neonate and adult rats and in INS‐1 cells (an insulin‐secreting cell line). The pancreas of pinealectomized rats exhibits degenerative pathological changes with low islet density, indicating that melatonin plays a role to ensure the functioning of pancreatic beta cells. By using immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting analysis we demonstrated, in isolated rat pancreatic islets, that melatonin induces insulin growth factor receptor (IGF‐R) and insulin receptor (IR) tyrosine phosphorylation and mediates the activities of the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERKs pathways, which are involved in cell survival and growth, respectively. Thus, the effects of melatonin on pancreatic islets do not involve a reduction in cAMP levels only. This indoleamine may regulate growth and differentiation of pancreatic islets by activating IGF‐I and insulin receptor signaling pathways.
Asymmetric dimethylarginine and adiponectin after renal transplantation: role of obesity.

BACKGROUND In obese renal transplant recipients, we assessed the course of selected proinflammatory factors liable to influence long-term outcomes of transplant patients and kidney grafts. METHODS In a prospective cohort study, we examined a total of 140 renal transplant recipients for a period of 12 months. Based on body mass index (BMI), patients were divided into Group I (BMI > or = 30 kg/m2, 68 patients) and Group II (BMI < or = 30 kg/m2, 72 patients). RESULTS Twelve months after renal transplantation, significant differences were found between Group I versus Group II in plasma levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) (3.65 [SD +/- 0.47 micromol/L] versus 2.01 [SD +/- 0.36 micromol/L], P < .01), adiponectin (ADPN) (15.4 [SD +/- 6.6 microg/mL] versus 22.3 [SD +/- 8.2 microg/mL], P < .01), leptin (51.3 [SD +/- 11.2 ng/L] versus 21.3 [SD +/- 9.2 ng/L], P < .01), soluble leptin receptor (24.6 [SD +/- 8.4 U/mL] versus 46.1 [SD +/- 11.4 U/mL], P < .01), resistin (20.8 [SD +/- 10.1 microg/mL] versus 14.6 [SD +/- 6.4 microg/mL], P < .025), and triglycerides (3.9 [SD +/- 1.6] versus mmol/L 2.8 [SD +/- 1.6 mmol/L], P < .01). There were significant correlations between ADMA and BMI (r = 0.520; P < .001), and ADPN and BMI (r = -0.570, P < .001). The correlation between ADMA and inulin clearance (Cin) was weak (r = -0.185, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Obesity after renal transplantation is associated with increased ADMA and decreased ADPN in plasma, and this may represent a risk factor for renal transplant recipients.
DÖVİZ KURU VE ENFLASYON ARASINDAKİ NEDENSELLİK İLİŞKİSİ: TÜRKİYE UYGULAMASI

Calismada, nominal doviz kuru ile TUFE ve UFE enflasyon oranlari arasindaki iliski, Turkiye ornegi cercevesinde, Ocak 2007 - Aralik 2017 donemleri arasindaki 132 adet aylik veri seti alinarak incelenmektedir. Genisletilmis Dickey Fuller (ADF) birim kok testi ve Granger nedensellik testleri uygulanarak, nominal doviz kuru ile TUFE ve UFE enflasyon oranlari arasindaki nedensellik iliskisi aciklanmaya calisilmistir. Analiz sonuclarina gore; UFE enflasyon oranindan TUFE enflasyon oranina dogru tek bir nedensellik iliskisine rastlanilirken, nominal doviz kurunun ve UFE enflasyon oranin bagimli degisken oldugu durumlarda diger bagimsiz degiskenler tarafindan etkilenmedigi sonucuna ulasilmistir.
Prevalence of malocclusion among adolescents in South Indian population

Objective: To record prevalence of malocclusion among 2,400 adolescents in Karnataka state, India and to define difference in malocclusion status in urban and rural population. Design: Randomized cross-sectional study. Setting: School students of Karnataka state, 24 August 2011 to 30 March 2012. Participants: School students in the age group of 13-17 years. Materials and Methods: Each individual was assessed for occlusal traits - sagittal occlusion, overjet, overbite, crowding, midline diastema, and crossbite. Statistical Analysis Used: Examinations were computerized and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16. Chi-square test was used for computing statistical significance. Results: 87.79% of population had malocclusion. Out of which 89.45% had class I, 8.37% had class II, and 2.14% had class III malocclusion. Normal overjet and overbite was seen in 48.22 and 49.87% of subjects, respectively. Frequency of crowding was 58.12% and 15.43% of subjects had midline diastema. Anterior crossbite was present in 8.48% and posterior crossbite in 0.99%. Urban population had twice the class II sagittal occlusion, and increased overjet as compared to rural population. Conclusions: Malocclusion is widely spread among population of Karnataka state, with greater prevalence in urban population. Early exfoliation of deciduous teeth and refined diet can be considered as viable etiological factors.
High-dose methotrexate and/or leucovorin rescue for the treatment of children with lymphoblastic malignancies: do we really know why, when and how?

Methotrexate (MTX) remains a mainstay in the treatment of children with hematological malignancies. The availability of an antidote/rescue agent, leucovorin (LV) has allowed escalation of MTX doses to achieve enormous plasma concentrations, compared with plasma folate. However, a recent review of more than 40 trials for children with ALL concluded that the addition of high dose MTX (HDMTX) in many different doses and schedules did not improve CNS therapy and made only minor improvements in systemic therapy for children with ALL [11]. Some assessment suggested that by HDMTX benefits only limited amount of children with ALL. Recent treatment schedules vary markedly in terms of timing, dosing and scheduling of MTX and/or leukovorin, which may leave us uncertain with ideas such as "how should we best use HDMTX and LV? " or "why are we still using such by industry recommended doses of MTX? " The answer of how best to incorporate HDMTX and/or LV into ALL treatment plans is still not known and further clinical and pharmacological studies dealing with still controversial systemic MTX issue are actual even now, after more than 5 decades of clinical experiences with the MTX in pediatric oncology.
Return Visits to a Pediatric Emergency Department

Objectives: To determine the incidence of return visits (RVs), types of RVs, and factors associated with RVs to a pediatric emergency department (ED). Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients seen in an urban, tertiary care pediatric ED. Main outcome: RV within 48 hours, identified from a computerized log. Results: The total RV rate was 3.5% (95% confidence interval, 3.3-3.6), similar to rates (2.4% to 3.4%) reported in general EDs. Most (78.5%) RVs were unscheduled, 17% were scheduled, and 4% were called back to the ED. Infectious disease (45%), respiratory (16%), and trauma (16%) accounted for most RV diagnoses. When compared with the overall ED population, RV patients were more likely to be younger than 2 years [relative risk, 1.3 (1.2-1.4)], to be admitted to the hospital [relative risk, 1.3 (1.2-1.5)], and to be triaged as acute [relative risk, 1.1 (1.0-1.2)]. Patients called back to the ED were younger, more likely to be triaged as acute, and more likely to be admitted than other RV patients. Significant diagnoses were made at RV in 7 (0.4%; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-0.7) patients, half of whom were called back to the ED or had a scheduled RV. Conclusion: Similarities between our pediatric ED RV rate and other published research implies that benchmarking and quality improvement tools for RV can be used and compared in both pediatric and general EDs. Focusing on systems to call patients back to the ED when necessary may be an efficient way to reduce medical error and adverse patient outcomes.
Pleomorphic adenoma‐like tumour of the breast

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) of the breast is a rare tumour seen usually in postmenopausal women. Although PA of the salivary glands (SG) is recognized to be a benign tumour, the nature and biology of similar tumours seen in the breast remains to be defined. The aim of this study was to describe PA of the breast that was reported on core biopsy as an invasive matrix‐producing metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC).
Image Dehazing Based on Accurate Estimation of Transmission in the Atmospheric Scattering Model

Image dehazing is a challenging and highly desired technology in computer vision applications. The dark channel prior (DCP) has been considered to be an efficient dehazing technique in recent years. However, the invalidation of DCP can induce unreliable estimation of transmission, resulting in inaccurate color information recovery, halo artifacts, and block effect. In this paper, a novel brightness map is proposed based on the observation on outdoor haze-free/haze images that can reflect the brightness information and the light reflection ability of the scene, furthermore, the relationship between DCP and the brightness map is given in mathematical model. The proposed algorithm can compensate for the DCP effectively, estimate the transmission map accurately, get the global atmospheric light adaptively and segment the image automatically. Using multiscale guided filter refine transmission map, the halo artifacts are able to be avoided in the scene depth of a sudden change. A series of experiments are additionally implemented to demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can obtain high-quality haze-free images with abundant distinguished details, low color distortion, and little halo artifacts that can outperform or be comparable with four state-of-the-art haze removal algorithms.
Simultaneous occurrence of developmental venous anomalies and cavernous angiomas.

PURPOSE To study the clinical and radiologic findings in 15 patients presenting with both developmental venous anomalies and cavernous angiomas and to determine which lesions caused the acute clinical symptoms. METHODS Lesions were infratentorial in 7 patients and supratentorial in 7 other patients. In one patient the developmental venous anomaly was infratentorial and the cavernous angioma supratentorial. In all 15 patients clinical examination and CT were performed. In 10 patients MR was performed at the time of the initial CT scan. In 5 patients only late MR is available. RESULTS Acute clinical signs were present in 9 patients (epilepsy, hemiplegia, meningeal signs, cranial nerve deficit). On CT the cavernous angioma was missed in 9 patients, in 6 patients because of acute hemorrhage. On MR the cavernous angioma was missed in 1 of 2 cases with acute hemorrhage but seen in all other patients. On repeat MR all cavernous angiomas were correctly identified. On CT, 11 developmental venous anomalies were seen. On MR all developmental venous anomalies were seen. CONCLUSIONS The frequent association of developmental venous anomalies and cavernous angiomas is confirmed. MR is superior to CT in the detection of both cavernous angiomas and developmental venous anomalies. Furthermore our data support the hypothesis that cavernous angiomas and not the developmental venous anomalies cause the acute clinical symptoms because of hemorrhage.
The 2-Year Test-Retest Reliability of the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised in Methadone Patients

The 2-year test-retest reliability of the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) was examined in 200 men and 25 women methadone patients. Stability of the PCL-R was generally good whether it was evaluated as a dichotomous or dimensional measure. Utilizing a diagnostic cutoff score of 25 or more the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were . 48 for men and . 67 for women. For the Total PCL-R score ICCs were . 60 and . 65 for men and women, respectively. Factor 1 was more reliably measured in women compared to men (.63 vs. .43). For men, Factor 1 was significantly less reliable than Factor 2 or the Total score. For women, Factor 2 was significantly less reliable than the Total PCL-R score or Factor 1.
[A study on the differences of emotion and depression between patients as doctor/nurse and others occupation with severe acute respiratory syndrome].

OBJECTIVE To study the emotional and depressive differences between severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients whose occupations were doctor/nurse and others. METHODS During the three months when SARS was explosive in 2003, 524 questionnaires were collected from Xuanwu Hospital, You'an Hospital, Xiaotangshan Hospital, Renmin Hospital and Ditan Hospital in Beijing. There were 109 questionnaires finished by patients as doctors/nurses themselves. For a background matching, 109 questionnaires were also finished by the others. RESULTS From 218 questionnaires, we found that the score on emotional condition (46.6204 +/- 8.4408 vs. 41.6789 +/- 8.612 95, P < 0.001) of SARS patients whose jobs were doctor/nurse was higher than the other groups on while the score of SARS patients whose jobs were doctor/nurse was lower than the other groups (37.7615 +/- 9.026 61 vs. 41.2844 +/- 9.655 25, P = 0.006) regarding depressive condition. The scores of emotional and depressive condition were all correlated with the factor as "I can not master my future". CONCLUSION Doctors/nurses having SARS had less emotional and depressive conditions than the others, which might due to the difference in medical knowledge, working condition and the route of infection, suggesting that psychological intervention in the post-SARS period called for attention.
Remodeling of the left ventricle in primary aldosteronism due to Conn's adenoma.

BACKGROUND Since hyperaldosteronism has been experimentally related to myocardial interstitial fibrosis, we investigated the effects of hypertension and excess aldosterone due to aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs) on the heart. METHODS AND RESULTS In 52 hypertensive individuals, we performed Doppler echocardiography for estimation of left ventricular (LV) wall thickness and dimensions, transmitral LV filling flow velocity indexes, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Consecutive patients with APAs (n = 26) and essential hypertension (EH, n = 26) were individually matched for age, sex, race, body mass index, casual blood pressure, and known duration of hypertension. The matched groups were similar for demography, casual and 24-hour blood pressure values and variability, and duration of hypertension but differed for serum potassium, plasma renin activity, and aldosterone levels (all P < .001). A thicker interventricular septum (P = .015) and posterior wall (P = .009) and a higher LV mass index (118 +/- 5 versus 100 +/- 4 g/m2, P = .009) were observed in APA compared with EH patients. Both septum and posterior wall thicknesses had a significant direct relationship with age, plasma aldosterone, and mean blood pressure. The integral of the early diastolic filling wave (Ei) (P = .011) and the ratio Ei/Ai (A wave integral) (P = .038) were lower and the atrial contribution to LV filling was higher (52 +/- 2% versus 46 +/- 2%, P = .038) in APA than in EH patients. The ratio Ei/Ai was significantly (P = .008) inversely related only to age and plasma aldosterone. CONCLUSIONS In APA patients, the excess aldosterone is associated with both increased LV wall thickness and mass and decreased early diastolic LV filling indexes compared with demographically similar EH with superimposable blood pressure values, profile, and variability.
Host-Parasite Relationships Among Group A Streptococci III. Depression of Reticuloendothelial Function by Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxins

Hanna, Edgar E. (University of Minnesota, Minneapolis), and Dennis W. Watson. Host-parasite relationships among group A streptococci. III. Depression of reticuloendothelial function by streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins. J. Bacteriol. 89:154–158. 1965. —Measurement of the rate of clearance of colloidal carbon from the circulating blood is an effective and simple technique for assessing the functional state of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) of experimental animals. This paper concerns a study of the RES function in rabbits after treatment with streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins. Intravenous injection of 1.0 ml of the toxin produced by a strain of type 18, group A streptococcus caused a prolonged (at least 24 hr) depression of RES function. The activity at 48 hr after toxin injection was about equal to that in control animals. Repeated intravenous injections of the toxin abolished the initial depressing effect on RES function, but did not cause stimulation. In comparison, intravenous injection of equivalent doses of endotoxin prepared from Escherichia coli COO8 also caused an initial depression of RES function; however, in contrast with the effect of exotoxin, stimulation occurred as early as 24 hr and was about twice as active at 48 hr. The prolonged depression by streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin is suggested as one means by which this toxin potentiates lethality and tissue damage by other toxins such as streptolysin O and endotoxins from gram-negative bacteria.
Effect of oxygen concentration on in-vitro development of preimplantation sheep and cattle embryos.

Two-cell sheep embryos and 2-4-cell and 8-cell cow embryos were cultured for 5 days in stoppered test-tubes in Synthetic Oviduct Fluid supplemented with 32 mg BSA/ml. The medium had been previously equilibrated with one of the following O2 concentrations (sheep: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 17, 20%; cow: 0, 4, 8, 12, 17, 20%). At the end of culture embryos were examined for morphology and stained to assess numbers of nuclei. Mean (+/- s.e.m.) nuclei/embryo was highest at 8% O2 for sheep embryos (23.6 +/- 3.1), 4% for 2-4-cell cow embryos (23.2 +/- 6.1) and 8% for 8-cell cow embryos (29.6 +/- 5.2). The minimum number of nuclei/embryo occurred at 20% O2 in each case (10.3 +/- 0.9, 10.3 +/- 2.7, 14.5 +/- 2.4, respectively) with similar values also recorded at 0% O2 (10.8 +/- 1.9, 16.5 +/- 6.0, 14.6 +/- 2.4, respectively). Analysis of the proportion of embryos reaching at least the morula stage demonstrated a significant quadratic component for the different oxygen concentrations for sheep (P less than 0.01) and cow (P less than 0.05) embryos. A number of sheep and cow embryos showed abnormalities, suggesting that the culture conditions require further refinement. The results confirm that, under lowered oxygen levels, development of sheep and cattle embryos can occur through the 8- to 16-cell block in a simple defined medium without somatic cell support.