Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influencias de las percepciones personales sobre la actividad emprendedora naciente: una perspectiva de género a través de diferentes entornos económicos

Este trabajo explora la contribucion de las percepciones a la propension emprendedora desde una perspectiva de genero y en funcion del entorno, analizando su papel contingente en los determinantes y en las diferencias por genero. Los resultados destacan la significacion de la autoeficacia, la percepcion de oportunidades y el miedo al fracaso, y muestran como fundamental el conocimiento de emprendedores. Los matices en relacion a los contextos economicos en que se han replicado los analisis y al genero aportan informacion de interes para actuaciones de fomento adaptables a la coyuntura de cada momento y al colectivo de que se trate.
Synchronization of Spin Torque Oscillators through Spin Hall Magnetoresistance

Spin torque oscillators placed onto a nonmagnetic heavy metal show synchronized auto-oscillations due to the coupling originating from spin Hall magnetoresistance effect. Here, we study a system having two-spin torque oscillators under the effect of the spin Hall torque, and show that switching the external current direction enables us to control the phase difference of the synchronization between in-phase and antiphase.
Influence of deontological versus consequentialist orientations on act choices and framing effects: when principles are more important than consequences

A long tradition in decision making assumes that people usually take a consequentialist perspective, which implies a focus on the outcomes only when making decisions. Such a view largely neglects the existence of a deontological perspective, which implies that people are sensitive to moral duties that require or prohibit certain behaviors, irrespective of the consequences. Similarly, recent research has also suggested that people holding “protected values” (PVs) show increased attention to acts versus omissions and less attention to outcomes. The present research investigates the role of deontological versus consequentialist modes of thought and of PVs on framing effects and act versus omission choices. In a modification of Tversky and Kahneman's (1981) risky choice framing paradigm, we manipulated the framing of the outcomes (positive, negative), as well as whether the certain outcome was associated with an act or inaction. The main results suggest that act versus omission tendencies are linked to deontological focus and PVs. Framing effects, on the other hand, are driven by a consequentialist focus. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Birth-order dependent segregation frequency in the ABO glood groups of man.

Sex ratio in man has been shown to depend upon birth order and perhaps also upon paternal age [1-4]; that is, the frequency of male children at birth tends to decrease with increasing birth order and perhaps with paternal age. This report describes another instance of birth-order dependent segregation frequency in man, namely in the ABO blood-group system, one of the well-known polymorphic systems in human populations.
Oral Alendronate Therapy for Severe Vitamin D Intoxication of the Infant with Nephrocalcinosis

Vitamin D intoxication is a well-known cause of hypercalcemia in children. We report here the use of oral alendronate for the treatment of hypercalcemia due to vitamin D intoxication in a 7 month-old infant with nephrocalcinosis. The serum calcium levels were normalized without complications. Oral alendronate therapy may be safely used in hypercalcemia due to vitamin. D intoxication in pediatric patients with nephrocalcinosis resistant to hydration, diuretics or corticosteroids.
THERMAL PRECONDITIONING PROTECTS THE HUMAN INTERNAL MAMMARY ARTERY FROM HYPOXIA/RE‐OXYGENATION‐INDUCED DAMAGE

1 Preconditioning has been demonstrated to ameliorate ischaemia/reperfusion injury in several cells and tissues. Therefore, in the present study we investigated whether preconditioning of human bypass grafts, internal mammary artery (IMA) and saphenous vein (SV) induces heat shock protein (Hsp) expression and reduces apoptosis in response to subsequent hypoxia/re‐oxygenation damage in both vessels. 2 Internal mammary artery and SV rings, obtained from 30 patients (median age 66.5 years) undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, were either incubated for 30 min at 42°C (preconditioned) or kept in a standard incubator at 37°C (not preconditioned). Six hours later, graft segments were exposed to 90 min hypoxia followed by a 30 min re‐oxygenation period. Western blot, real‐time quantative polymerase chain reaction analysis and apoptosis detection by the Terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP–digoxigenin nick end‐labelling method were performed. 3 Heat‐preconditioned IMA showed significantly increased protein expression of Hsp72 after hypoxia/re‐oxygenation treatment compared with controls (median 9.1 vs 5.0 µg/mg total protein; P = 0.048). Expression of Hsp73 was weak and Hsp60 was not detectable in the IMA. 4 In the SV, neither protein nor mRNA expression of Hsp were significantly different between preconditioned and not preconditioned veins. 5 There were significantly fewer apoptotic cells in the intima of the preconditioned compared with not preconditioned IMA (P = 0.041) after hypoxia/re‐oxygenation injury, whereas in the SV apoptosis was not significantly prevented by preconditioning. 6 Mild heat preconditioning before hypoxia/re‐oxygenation injury is a stimulus for Hsp72 protein expression and a reduction in apoptosis in the human IMA.
QCD corrections to Higgs-boson production at proton-proton colliders.

Gluon fusion is the main production mechanism for Higgs bosons with masses up to several hundred GeV in pp collisions at the CERN large Hadron Collider and Superconducting Super Collider. We present the QCD corrections to the fusion cross section for arbitrary Higgs boson and top quark mass values: gg → H(g), gq → Hq, and qq → Hg. The QCD corrections are positive and they increase the cross section σ (pp→H) by about a factor of 1.5 to 1.7. The analysis applies to the production of Higgs particles in the standard model and also to the production of the CP-even Higgs particles in extensions of the Higgs sectors are required, for example, by supersymmetric theories
Occurrenceandpotential pathogenesis ofVibrio cholerae , Vibrio parahaemolyticus andVibriovulni ¢ cuson theSouthCoastof Sweden

During the summer of 2006, several wound infections – of which three were fatal – caused by Vibrio cholerae were reported from patients who had been exposed to water from the Baltic Sea. Before these reports, we initiated a sampling project investigating the occurrence of potential human pathogenic V. cholerae, Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in The Sound between Sweden and Denmark. The Blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) was used as an indicator to follow the occurrence of vibrios over time. Molecular analyses showed high frequencies of the most potent human pathogenic Vibrio spp. ; 53% of mussel samples were positive for V. cholerae (although none were positive for the cholera toxin gene), 63% for V. vulnificus and 79% for V. parahaemolyticus (of which 47% were tdh and/or trh). Viable vibrios were also isolated from the mussel meat and screened for virulence by PCR. The mortality of eukaryotic cells when exposed to bacteria was tested in vivo, with results showing that the Vibrio strains, independent of species and origin, were harmful to the cells. Despite severe infections and several deaths, no report on potential human pathogenic vibrios in this area had been published before this study.
Wheat kernel black point and fumonisin contamination by Fusarium proliferatum

Fusarium proliferatum is a major cause of maize ear rot and fumonisin contamination and also can cause wheat kernel black point disease. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether nine F. proliferatum strains from wheat from Nepal can cause black point and fumonisin contamination in wheat kernels. For comparison, the study included three Fusarium strains from US maize. In test 1, all the strains but one produced significant symptoms of kernel black point; two strains decreased kernel yield; and four strains contaminated kernels with fumonisins B1, B2 and B3 as determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Strain Ggm202 from Nepal, which produced the highest levels of fumonisins (mean = 49 µg g−1) on five wheat cultivars in test 1, was confirmed to produce fumonisins (mean = 38 µg g−1) on two cultivars in test 2. The data indicate a potential for fumonisin contamination of wheat infected with F. proliferatum.
Association of upper and lower gastrointestinal tract symptoms with body mass index in an Australian cohort

Abstract Food modulates gastrointestinal (GI) function and GI symptoms could alter food intake, but it is not established whether or not obese people experience more or less GI symptoms. We aimed at evaluating the association between body mass index (BMI) and specific GI symptoms in the community. Population‐based random samples from Sydney, Australia (n = 777) completed a validated questionnaire. The association of each GI symptom with BMI (kg m−2) categories was assessed using logistic regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders. The prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥30 kg m−2) was 22%. There were univariate associations (adjusting for age, sex, education level, alcohol and smoking) between increased BMI category and heartburn (OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.4, 2.5), acid regurgitation (OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.4, 2.9), increased bloating (OR = 1.3, 95%CI 1.1, 1.6), increased stool frequency (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.1, 1.7), loose and watery stools (OR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.1, 2.0) and upper abdominal pain (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.03, 1.6). Early satiety was associated with a lower BMI category but this was not significant after adjustment (OR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.6, 1.1). Lower abdominal pain, postprandial fullness, nausea and vomiting were not associated with BMI category. In a regression model adjusting for sex, education, smoking, alcohol and all GI symptoms, older age, less early satiety and increased stool frequency and heartburn were all independently associated with increasing BMI (all P < 0.01). Heartburn and diarrhoea were associated with increased BMI, while early satiety was associated with a lower BMI in this population.
Shoplifting in the Mentally Ill: The role of bipolar affective disorder and mental retardation

This study explores shoplifting behaviour in mentally ill patients, and evaluates the association between shoplifting and different mental illnesses in a local Chinese population. A comparison is made between shoplifting offenders and a matched control group of non-offenders among the psychiatric patients registered at a university department of psychiatry. Major depression, bipolar affective disorder (BAD) and mental retardation (MR) are the most common diagnoses among mentally ill shoplifters, while patients with a diagnosis of BAD or MR are at higher risk of committing an offence than patients with other diagnoses. Bipolar affective disorder has not been described as a risk factor for shoplifting behaviour in the psychiatric literature. Such a possibility should be seriously considered in the psychiatric assessment of shoplifting cases.
An efficient exhaustive search algorithm for elementary trapping sets of variable-regular LDPC codes

In this paper, we propose an efficient exhaustive search algorithm for elementary trapping sets (ETS) of variable-regular low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Recently, Karimi and Banihashemi proposed a characterization of ETSs, which was based on viewing an ETS as a layered superset (LSS) of a short cycle in the code's Tanner graph. A notable advantage of LSS characterization is that it corresponds to a simple LSS-based search algorithm (expansion technique) that starts from short cycles of the graph and finds the ETSs with LSS structure efficiently. Compared to the LSS-based search, which is based on a single LSS expansion technique, the new search algorithm involves two additional expansion techniques. The introduction of the new techniques results in significant improvements in search efficiency compared to the LSS-based search. We prove that using the three expansion techniques, each and every ETS structure can be obtained starting from a simple cycle. We also provide extensive simulation results that show, compared to the LSS-based search, up to three orders of magnitude improvement in search speed and memory requirements can be achieved.
Binocular Receptive Field Models, Disparity Tuning, and Characteristic Disparity

Disparity tuning of visual cells in the brain depends on the structure of their binocular receptive fields (RFs). Freeman and coworkers have found that binocular RFs of a typical simple cell can be quantitatively described by two Gabor functions with the same gaussian envelope but different phase parameters in the sinusoidal modulations (Freeman and Ohzawa 1990). This phase-parameter-based RF description has recently been questioned by Wagner and Frost (1993) based on their identification of a so-called characteristic disparity (CD) in some cells' disparity tuning curves. They concluded that their data favor the traditional binocular RF model, which assumes an overall positional shift between a cell's left and right RFs. Here we set to resolve this issue by studying the dependence of cells' disparity tuning on their underlying RF structures through mathematical analyses and computer simulations. We model the disparity tuning curves in Wagner and Frost's experiments and demonstrate that the mere existence of approximate CDs in real cells cannot be used to distinguish the phase-parameter-based RF description from the traditional position-shift-based RF description. Specifically, we found that model simple cells with either type of RF description do not have a CD. Model complex cells with the position-shift-based RF description have a precise CD, and those with the phase-parameter-based RF description have an approximate CD. We also suggest methods for correctly distinguishing the two types of RF descriptions. A hybrid of the two RF models may be required to fit the behavior of some real cells, and we show how to determine the relative contributions of the two RF models.
A Low Power, Startup Ensured and Constant Amplitude Class-C VCO in 0.18 $\mu {\rm m}$ CMOS

A low power and robust class-C voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is presented in this letter. It features 1) an automatic startup loop to achieve the optimal point and address the inherent risk of startup failure and 2) a digital amplitude control loop to stabilize amplitude and enhance the PVT (process, voltage and temperature) tolerance. The design is implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS process. Measurement demonstrates the VCO has a 20% tuning range and phase noise of -123.0 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from a 3.1 GHz carrier while consuming 1.57-mW power from a 1 V supply, yielding a Figure-of-Merit (FoM) of 191.1. While operating under the minimum power of 560 μW, it produces -111.3 dBc/Hz phase noise at 1 MHz offset from a 3.1 GHz carrier showing a 183.8 FoM.
Phase diagram of water in carbon nanotubes

A phase diagram of water in single-walled carbon nanotubes at atmospheric pressure is proposed, which summarizes ice structures and their melting points as a function of the tube diameter up to 1.7 nm. The investigation is based on extensive molecular dynamics simulations over numerous thermodynamic states on the temperature–diameter plane. Spontaneous freezing of water in the simulations and the analysis of ice structures at 0 K suggest that there exist at least nine ice phases in the cylindrical space, including those reported by x-ray diffraction studies and those unreported by simulation or experiment. Each ice has a structure that maximizes the number of hydrogen bonds under the cylindrical confinement. The results show that the melting curve has many local maxima, each corresponding to the highest melting point for each ice form. The global maximum in the melting curve is located at ≈11 Å, where water freezes in a square ice nanotube.
Listening to the Reactions of People in the Midst of Change

The purpose of the study was to listen to reactions of key stakeholders experiencing profound organizational change. A case study was used to gather data from participants' interview responses. Data analysis identified research-supported reactions; in addition, two unique themes were identified: constructive critique and ill-effects of good intentions. Listening to, understanding, and appreciating reactions and emotions during change provide valuable insights that help build organizational community and enhance the success of a change initiative.
Further delineation of the epidermal nevus syndrome: two cases with new findings and literature review.

"Epidermal nevus syndrome" ("ENS") is a neurocutaneous disorder in which epidermal nevi are associated with other abnormalities, most commonly of the skeletal and central nervous systems. We present two cases of epidermal nevus syndrome (ENS) with very different clinical findings. The first case is a newborn with multiple linear epidermal nevi of the trunk and limbs, and several other anomalies, including bony duplications of the lower limbs and hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The second patient, a 6-year-old boy, has a linear nevus sebaceous of the scalp with severe CNS involvement, including generalized seizures, moderate mental retardation, microcephaly, and a left hemiparesis. He also has genitourinary, cardiac, and skeletal defects. These two patients exhibit several abnormalities not previously recognized and illustrate the wide clinical spectrum of "epidermal nevus syndrome. " We present a review of the clinical findings in 74 cases of "ENS. " Correlation was noted between the presence of skin lesions located on the head and CNS involvement. The wide clinical spectrum of "ENS" as illustrated by these two patients suggests that "ENS" is a causally heterogeneous group of disorders.
[Acceptability of male circumcision among male miners in Baise of Guangxi].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the acceptability of male circumcision among male miners in Baise, Guangxi, China. METHODS A questionnaire-based survey on the willingness to be circumcised (WTC) and its influential factors were conducted among Guangxi male miners recruited by random cluster sampling. RESULTS Of 569 subjects who were surveyed, 143 (25.13%) expressed their willingness to be circumcised. Univariate analysis showed that marital status, education level, and the awareness of the hazards of phimosis and redundant prepuce and reasons for circumcision were significantly different between WTC group and the non-WTC group (all P<0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of phimosis or redundant prepuce also significantly differed between these two groups (P=0.0001). Logistic regression analysis found marital status (OR=0.498ì95%CI=0.272-0.913), history of foreskin disease (OR=8.181, 95%CI=4.252-15.741), and awareness of the risk that a redundant prepuce may cause smegma (OR=1.713ì95%CI=1.090-2.693) were significantly correlated with the male miners WTC. CONCLUSIONS Male miners in this area have low WTC. Education on the basic knowledge of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and circumcision may help promote the application of circumcision.
“ A two-sided coin : Disentangling the economic effects of the ‘ War on drugs ’ in Mexico

Mexican President Felipe Calderón was sworn into office in December 2006. From the outset, his administration was to deploy an aggressive security policy in its fight against drug trafficking organizations (DTOs), in what became known as the Mexican ‘War on Drugs’. The policy was strongly condemned because of the 68,000 unintentional deaths directly attributable to it. Here, we evaluate the economic effects of this ‘War on Drugs’. To disentangle the economic effects of the policy, we study the effects of homicides and the rise in the homicide rate together with the impact of federal public security grants and state-level military expenditure on economic growth. Using spatial econometrics, we find that at the state-level the number of homicides reduced the Mexican states’ GDP per capita growth by 0.20 percentage points, while the growth in the homicide rate increased the states’ per capita GDP by 0.81 percentage points. The government’s efforts to fight DTOs had a positive and highly significant impact on economic growth. JEL classification: D74; K42; H56; R11
Cross-seasonal and cross-disciplinary studies of migratory shorebirds

Many scientific questions and conservation challenges regarding migratory shorebirds will be best and most efficiently addressed by combining information from different disciplines and the entire annual cycle. We present examples that integrate physiological, behavioural, and population data collected on breeding grounds, on migration, and on non-breeding grounds, focusing on work with Western Sandpipers. We suggest ways to apply this approach generally to address scientific and conservation questions in other shorebirds species in the future.
A yoga intervention for young adults with elevated symptoms of depression.

CONTEXT Yoga teachers and students often report that yoga has an uplifting effect on their moods, but scientific research on yoga and depression is limited. OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of a short-term Iyengar yoga course on mood in mildly depressed young adults. DESIGN Young adults pre-screened for mild levels of depression were randomly assigned to a yoga course or wait-list control group. SETTING College campus recreation center. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-eight volunteers ages 18 to 29. At intake, all participants were experiencing mild levels of depression, but had received no current psychiatric diagnoses or treatments. None had significant yoga experience. INTERVENTION Subjects in the yoga group attended two 1-hour Iyengar yoga classes each week for 5 consecutive weeks. The classes emphasized yoga postures thought to alleviate depression, particularly back bends, standing poses, and inversions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Profile of Mood States, morning cortisol levels. RESULTS Subjects who participated in the yoga course demonstrated significant decreases in self-reported symptoms of depression and trait anxiety. These effects emerged by the middle of the yoga course and were maintained by the end. Changes also were observed in acute mood, with subjects reporting decreased levels of negative mood and fatigue following yoga classes. Finally, there was a trend for higher morning cortisol levels in the yoga group by the end of the yoga course, compared to controls. These findings provide suggestive evidence of the utility of yoga asanas in improving mood and support the need for future studies with larger samples and more complex study designs to more fully evaluate the effects of yoga on mood disturbances.
Tumour architecture is an independent predictor of outcomes after nephroureterectomy: a multi‐institutional analysis of 1363 patients

To assess whether tumour architecture can help to refine the prognosis of patients treated with nephroureterectomy (NU) for urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the upper urinary tract (UT), as the prognostic value of tumour architecture (papillary vs sessile) in UTUC remains elusive.