Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functional capacity assessment of upper limbs in healthy young adult subjects

Introduction: Assessing the functional capacity of the upper limbs (UL) is essential to direct treatments in clinical practice but there is a lack of research on specific methods for this end. Objective: To verify the relationship of physical activity, grip strength (GS) and body mass index (BMI) with performance on 6-minute Pegboard and Ring Test (6PBRT) in healthy subjects. Methods: Cross-sectional, exploratory and quantitative study. Apparently healthy adults were evaluated, both sexes, according to sociodemographic and anthropometric aspects, health conditions, physical activity level (IPAQ - short version), GS and functional capacity of the upper limbs (6PBRT). The data were analyzed descriptively using means, standard deviations, absolute figures and percentages. Correlations were found between variables using Spearman´s correlation coefficient (p < 0.05). The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows, version 17.0 was used for analysis purposes. Results: In total, 50 individuals were evaluated, the majority classified as active (54%). The mean GS was 30.70 ± 9,47kgf and the average number of loops moved during the 6PBRT was 277.6 ± 34.48. There was no correlation between the number of rings moved in 6PBRT and the level of physical activity (r = 0.076; p = 0.602), GS (r = -0.008; p = 0.956) or BMI (r = 0.031; p = 0.829). Conclusion: The level of physical activity, GS and BMI did not influence the performance on 6PBRT, demonstrated by the lack of correlation between these variables.
Prevalence , Severity and Impact of Household Food Insecurity : A Serious Public Health

available from: http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih. gov/pubmed/19720843/ 88. Galesloot S, McIntyre L, Fenton T, Tyminski S. Food insecurity in Canadian adults receiving diabetes care. Can J Diet Pract Res. 2012 Fall;73(3):e261-6. Abstract available from: http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih. gov/pubmed/22958632 89. Laraia BA. Food Insecurity and Chronic Disease. Adv Nutr. 2013 Mar 1;4(2):203-12. doi: 10.3945/an.112. 003277. Abstract available from: http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih. gov/pubmed/23493536 90. Broussard CA. Research Regarding Low-Income Single Mothers' Mental and Physical Health: A Decade in Review. J Pov. 2010;14(4):443-51. Abstract available from:
CHA 2 DS 2-VASc score predicts contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction , who have undergone primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Background and aim: We aimed to investigate the predictive value of the CHA2DS2-VASc score in the development of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Methods: A total of 2972 patients who had been diagnosed with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and who had undergone primary coronary angioplasty were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups according to the CHA2DS2-VASc score, i.e.: low risk (1 point), intermediate risk (2 points), and high risk (≥ 3 points). The groups were followed with regard to CIN development. Results: The median CHA2DS2-VASc score was significantly higher in the CIN(+) group compared to the CIN(–) group (3 vs. 2, p < 0.001). The rate of CIN was 3.32-fold higher (OR 3.32, 95% CI 1.98–5.55, p < 0.001) in the high-risk group (CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 3) compared to the low-risk group (CHA2DS2-VASc = 1). Age (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.14–1.36, p < 0.001), female gender (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.23–1.89, p < 0.001), hypertension (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.265–1.78, p < 0.001), peak creatinine kinase-MB (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.10–1.21, p < 0.001), and the Killip score > 1 (OR 4.25, 95% CI 3.10–5.82, p < 0.001) were found to be independent predictors for CIN development. Conclusions: The CHA2DS2-VASc score is an independent and strong predictor of CIN development in patients with acute STEMI.
Volumetric Region Guarding and Star Decomposition for Harmonic Parameterization

We present an effective framework to compute the guarding and the star decomposition for 3D volumetric regions represented by polyhedral meshes. Based on the observation that curve-skeletons extracted from 3D objects usually have good visibility to the object boundary, we propose a hierarchical integer linear programming framework that can efficiently reduce the computational complexity in finding a hierarchical approximation to this NP-complete problem. The decomposition framework proposed in this work could potentially benefit many volumetric data processing tasks. One important motivation for this work is the seeking of bijective harmonic volumetric parameterization. We demonstrate the application of star-shaped decomposition in the non-degenerated 3-manifold mapping by converting the problem to solvable sub-domains with mathematically guaranteed bijectiveness.
Feasibility of Focused Cardiac Ultrasound in Pre-participation Screening

Objective: Current American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for pre-participation athletic screening recommend a 12-point history and exam to minimize the risk of sudden cardiac death. We tested the hypothesis that focused cardiac ultrasound (FCU) performed and simultaneously interpreted by a cardiologist using a handheld ultrasound device would be a feasible addition. Methods: We performed pre-participation screening according to AHA recommendations on high school athletes in a multi-purpose room at their school. In addition to the standard 12-point assessment, a cardiologist simultaneously performed and interpreted a FCU on each athlete using a handheld ultrasound. Results: The mean age of the athletes was 16.6 ± 3.4 years; 68% were male. No evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy, bicuspid aortic valve, or aortopathy was identified. Coronary ostia could not be visualized. Echocardiography added 1.35 ± 0.51 minutes to the standard exam. Conclusion: This feasibility study suggests that the addition of handheld echocardiography with real-time interpretation performed by a cardiologist to a standard AHA pre-participation screening adds less than two minutes of time to the assessment. While the study is not as comprehensive as an office based echocardiogram, it can provide valuable information which may be useful in ruling out some of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in the young athlete or in selecting those who would benefit from further testing.
Phase field model of fluid‐driven fracture in elastic media: Immersed‐fracture formulation and validation with analytical solutions

Propagation of fluid‐driven fractures plays an important role in natural and engineering processes, including transport of magma in the lithosphere, geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide, and oil and gas recovery from low‐permeability formations, among many others. The simulation of fracture propagation poses a computational challenge as a result of the complex physics of fracture and the need to capture disparate length scales. Phase field models represent fractures as a diffuse interface and enjoy the advantage that fracture nucleation, propagation, branching, or twisting can be simulated without ad hoc computational strategies like remeshing or local enrichment of the solution space. Here we propose a new quasi‐static phase field formulation for modeling fluid‐driven fracturing in elastic media at small strains. The approach fully couples the fluid flow in the fracture (described via the Reynolds lubrication approximation) and the deformation of the surrounding medium. The flow is solved on a lower dimensionality mesh immersed in the elastic medium. This approach leads to accurate coupling of both physics. We assessed the performance of the model extensively by comparing results for the evolution of fracture length, aperture, and fracture fluid pressure against analytical solutions under different fracture propagation regimes. The excellent performance of the numerical model in all regimes builds confidence in the applicability of phase field approaches to simulate fluid‐driven fracture.
Efficient and controllable vapor to solid doping of the polythiophene P3HT by low temperature vapor phase infiltration

Efficient doping of organic semiconductors is an important prerequisite for the fabrication of high performance organic electronic devices. In this work, we describe a novel single precursor low-temperature (70 °C) vapor phase infiltration (VPI) process to dope poly(3-hexyl)thiophene (P3HT). The infiltration is performed with the metal containing atomic layer deposition (ALD) precursor MoCl5. The conductivities of the polymer are assessed with four-point probe measurements and showed significant enhancement by up to 5 orders of magnitude, confirming the efficiency of the VPI process. The chemical changes resulting from the infiltration of P3HT are characterized by applying UV-Vis-NIR, Raman spectroscopy, and FTIR. The crystalline state of the material is analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM micrographs and AFM images show that the morphologies of the samples before and after the MoCl5 infiltration process do not seriously change. TEM images of cross-sections of the thin film clearly show that the vapor phase infiltration process results in the incorporation of Mo into the bulk of the polymer.
Hyperelliptic curves with maximal Galois action on the torsion points of their Jacobians

In this article, we show that in each of four standard families of hyperelliptic curves, there is a density-$1$ subset of members with the property that their Jacobians have adelic Galois representation with image as large as possible. This result constitutes an explicit application of a general theorem on arbitrary rational families of abelian varieties to the case of families of Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves. Furthermore, we provide explicit examples of hyperelliptic curves of genus $2$ and $3$ over $\mathbb Q$ whose Jacobians have such maximal adelic Galois representations.
Evaluating model parameterizations of submicron aerosol scattering and absorption with in situ data from ARCTAS 2008

Abstract. Accurate modeling of the scattering and absorption of ultraviolet and visible radiation by aerosols is essential for accurate simulations of atmospheric chemistry and climate. Closure studies using in situ measurements of aerosol scattering and absorption can be used to evaluate and improve models of aerosol optical properties without interference from model errors in aerosol emissions, transport, chemistry, or deposition rates. Here we evaluate the ability of four externally mixed, fixed size distribution parameterizations used in global models to simulate submicron aerosol scattering and absorption at three wavelengths using in situ data gathered during the 2008 Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) campaign. The four models are the NASA Global Modeling Initiative (GMI) Combo model, GEOS-Chem v9-02, the baseline configuration of a version of GEOS-Chem with online radiative transfer calculations (called GC-RT), and the Optical Properties of Aerosol and Clouds (OPAC v3.1) package. We also use the ARCTAS data to perform the first evaluation of the ability of the Aerosol Simulation Program (ASP v2.1) to simulate submicron aerosol scattering and absorption when in situ data on the aerosol size distribution are used, and examine the impact of different mixing rules for black carbon (BC) on the results. We find that the GMI model tends to overestimate submicron scattering and absorption at shorter wavelengths by 10–23 %, and that GMI has smaller absolute mean biases for submicron absorption than OPAC v3.1, GEOS-Chem v9-02, or GC-RT. However, the changes to the density and refractive index of BC in GC-RT improve the simulation of submicron aerosol absorption at all wavelengths relative to GEOS-Chem v9-02. Adding a variable size distribution, as in ASP v2.1, improves model performance for scattering but not for absorption, likely due to the assumption in ASP v2.1 that BC is present at a constant mass fraction throughout the aerosol size distribution. Using a core-shell mixing rule in ASP overestimates aerosol absorption, especially for the fresh biomass burning aerosol measured in ARCTAS-B, suggesting the need for modeling the time-varying mixing states of aerosols in future versions of ASP.
Ameliorative Effects of Spirulina platensis on Deltamethrin-Induced Biochemical Alterations and Oxidative Stress in the African Catfish; Clarias gariepinus

The present study was carried out to determine LC50 of deltamethrin (DM) in the African catfish; Clarias gariepinus, investigate its effects on the biochemical parameters and the antioxidant status of various tissues, and assess the protective role of Spirulina platensis (SP) against DM induced toxicity in C. gariepinus. The fish were distributed into seven groups of 10 fish/each for 30 days as follows: Group 1, control; Group 2, orally administered saline; Group 3, oral SP (150 mg/kg b.w.); Group 4, exposed to 5.19 μg/l DM; Group 5, exposed to 5.19 μg/l DM and orally administered SP (150 mg/kg b.w.); Group 6, exposed to 12.97 μg/l DM; and Group 7, exposed to 12.97 μg/l DM and orally administered SP (150 mg/kg b.w.). Results revealed marked elevation in serum AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, urea and uric acid. Significant decrease in serum total protein and albumin was recorded. At the same time, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly increased in liver, kidney and gills. While, tissue level ofGSHand, SOD,CATandGSH-Px activities were reduced. Treatment with SP improved the biochemical parameters and attenuated the DM induced oxidative damage. Therefore, this study confirmed the protective role of SP as an antioxidant against the toxicity of DM in catfish.
A survey on theoretical advances of community detection in networks

Real‐world networks usually have community structure, that is, nodes are grouped into densely connected communities. Community detection is one of the most popular and best‐studied research topics in network science and has attracted attention in many different fields, including computer science, statistics, social sciences, among others. Numerous approaches for community detection have been proposed in literature, from ad hoc algorithms to systematic model‐based approaches. The large number of available methods leads to a fundamental question: whether a certain method can provide consistent estimates of community labels. The stochastic blockmodel (SBM) and its variants provide a convenient framework for the study of such problems. This article is a survey on the recent theoretical advances of community detection. The authors review a number of community detection methods and their theoretical properties, including graph cut methods, profile likelihoods, the pseudo‐likelihood method, the variational method, belief propagation, spectral clustering, and semidefinite relaxations of the SBM. The authors also briefly discuss other research topics in community detection such as robust community detection, community detection with nodal covariates and model selection, as well as suggest a few possible directions for future research. WIREs Comput Stat 2017, 9:e1403. doi: 10.1002/wics.1403
Dynamical regimes in a monolithic passively mode-locked quantum dot laser

Operation regimes of a two section monolithic quantum dot (QD) mode-locked laser are studied experimentally with InGaAs lasers and theoretically, using a model that takes into account carrier exchange between QD ground state and two-dimensional reservoir of a QD-in-a-well structure. It is shown analytically and numerically that, when the absorber section is long enough, the laser exhibits bistability between laser off state and different mode-locking regimes. The Q-switching instability leading to slow modulation of the mode-locked pulse peak intensity is completely eliminated in this case. When, on the contrary, the absorber length is rather short, in addition to usual Q-switched mode-locking, pure Q-switching regimes are predicted theoretically and observed experimentally.
Economic analysis for oregano under irrigation considering economic risk factors

The oregano is a plant, rich in essential oil and very used as spice in the preparation of foods. The objective of this paper was to analyze the viability of irrigation for oregano in Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, including economic risk factors, their effect on irrigation total cost, as well as the different pumping kinds. The Monte Carlo simulation was utilized to study the economic factors: fixed cost, labor, maintenance, pumping and water. The use of irrigation for the oregano in the region of Presidente Prudente is indicated because of its economic feasibility and the reduced risks. The average values of the benefit/cost for all water depths tested were higher than 1, indicating viability. The use of irrigation promoted lower risks compared to the non irrigated crop. The micro irrigation system presented greater sensitivity to changes of prices of the equipment associated to the variation of the useful life of the system. The oregano selling price was the most important factor involved in annual net profit. The water cost was the factor of lesser influence on the total cost. Due to the characteristic of high drip irrigation frequency there was no difference between the tariffs based in use hour of electric energy classified as green and blue, which are characterized by applying different rates on the energy consumption and demand according to the hours of day and times of the year. For the studied region it was recommended drip irrigation water management of oregano with the daily application of 100% of pan evaporation Class A using electric motor with tariffs blue or green.
Magnetic meridional winds in the thermosphere obtained from Global Assimilation of Ionospheric Measurements (GAIM) model

Thermospheric neutral winds play an important part in the dynamics of ionospheric plasma and represent one of the key inputs for ionospheric physics‐based models. Yet wind measurements are scarce and generally lack global coverage and continuity. To help mitigate this shortcoming, a data assimilation model was used to estimate neutral winds in the low‐ and middle‐latitude thermosphere. Seasonal global maps of NmF2 and hmF2 were generated from Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate radio occultation measurements for geomagnetically quiet and low solar flux conditions. The maps were assimilated into the Utah State University Global Assimilation of Ionospheric Measurements–Full Physics (GAIM‐FP) model. GAIM‐FP, which uses the physics‐based ionosphere‐plasmasphere model (IPM) and employs an ensemble Kalman filter technique, significantly improved the agreement between the modeled and measured NmF2 and hmF2 globally compared to the IPM. Global quiet time magnetic meridional winds were derived for December and June solstices and March equinox. The morphology of the derived winds was analyzed and validated by comparing with ground‐based measurements and with wind values from the empirical horizontal wind model. GAIM‐FP‐estimated winds were shown to be in good agreement with the wind observations. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the derived winds to uncertain parameters, including the O+‐O collision frequency, neutral composition, number of radio occultations, and data errors, was investigated. The uncertainties were found to have only small effects on the derived winds. The results of this work indicate that thermospheric wind estimation from GAIM‐FP is a valuable tool for wind specification over regions where limited or no wind measurements exist.
Capillary pinning and blunting of immiscible gravity currents in porous media

Gravity‐driven flows in the subsurface have attracted recent interest in the context of geological carbon dioxide (CO2) storage, where supercritical CO2 is captured from the flue gas of power plants and injected underground into deep saline aquifers. After injection, the CO2 will spread and migrate as a buoyant gravity current relative to the denser, ambient brine. Although the CO2 and the brine are immiscible, the impact of capillarity on CO2 spreading and migration is poorly understood. We previously studied the early time evolution of an immiscible gravity current, showing that capillary pressure hysteresis pins a portion of the macroscopic fluid‐fluid interface and that this can eventually stop the flow. Here we study the full lifetime of such a gravity current. Using tabletop experiments in packings of glass beads, we show that the horizontal extent of the pinned region grows with time and that this is ultimately responsible for limiting the migration of the current to a finite distance. We also find that capillarity blunts the leading edge of the current, which contributes to further limiting the migration distance. Using experiments in etched micromodels, we show that the thickness of the blunted nose is controlled by the distribution of pore‐throat sizes and the strength of capillarity relative to buoyancy. We develop a theoretical model that captures the evolution of immiscible gravity currents and predicts the maximum migration distance. By applying this model to representative aquifers, we show that capillary pinning and blunting can exert an important control on gravity currents in the context of geological CO2 storage.
Relational Themes in Counselling Supervision: Broadening and Narrowing Processes

This study investigated the experiences of broadening (i.e., thinking and acting creatively and being open to exploring new ways of being) and narrowing (i.e., the experience of perceiving one’s choices as limited) in the supervisory process with the aim of identifying key relational themes from the perspective of supervisees. We interviewed 10 novice counsellors using a semi-structured interview protocol in order to understand their perceptions of broadening and narrowing processes during their Master’s-level internships. Interviews were analyzed using a variation of the consensual qualitative research method (Hill, Thompson, & Williams, 1997). Three relational themes were abstracted: (a) the use of power, (b) the balance between challenge and support, and (c) the implementation of structure in the supervision. The findings have implications for counselling supervision practices as well as counsellor education.
Using dissolved carbon dioxide to alter the behavior of invasive round goby

Fisheries managers need effective methods to limit the spread of invasive round goby Neogobius melanostomus in North America. Elevating carbon dioxide (CO2) in water at pinch points of rivers (e.g., inside locks) is one approach showing potential to deter the passage of invasive fishes, such as bigheaded carps Hypophthalmichthys spp. , but the effectiveness of this method to alter round goby behavior has not been determined. The goal for this study was to determine CO2 concentrations that alter round goby behavior across a range of water temperatures. Free-swimming avoidance (voluntary response) and loss of equilibrium (involuntary response) were quantified by exposing round goby to increasing CO2 concentrations at 5, 15, and 25 °C using a shuttle box choice arena and static tank. Water chemistry was measured concurrent with behavioral endpoints and showed that round goby avoided a threshold of 99–169 mg/L CO2 (79,000–178,000 μatm) and lost equilibrium at 197–280 mg/L CO2 (163,000–303,000 μatm). Approximately 50% lower CO2 concentrations were found to modify behavior at 5 °C relative to 25 °C, suggesting greater effectiveness at lower water temperatures. We conclude that CO2 modified round goby behavior and concentrations determined in this study are intended to guide field testing of CO2 as an invasive fish deterrent.
Hansen solubility parameters as a quantifiable tool to study 12HSA self-assembly

OF THE THESIS ii DEDICATION iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v PREFACE vii 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 2.0 OBJECTIVES 5 3.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 6 3.1 Gels 6 3.1. 1 Concept and Definition 6 3.1. 2 Gel Classifications 7 3.2 Molecular Gels 8 3.2.