Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Substrate channeling and domain-domain interactions in bifunctional thymidylate synthase-dihydrofolate reductase.

The thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) enzymes are found on a single polypeptide chain in several species of protozoa such as the parasitic Leishmania major. Earlier studies with the bifunctional TS-DHFR enzyme from L. major have suggested that this enzyme exhibits a phenomenon known as substrate channeling [Meek, T. D. , et al. (1985) Biochemistry 24, 678-686]. This is a process by which a metabolite or intermediate is directly transferred from one enzyme active site to the next without being released free into solution. The crystal structure for the bifunctional TS-DHFR enzyme from L. major was recently solved, and it was shown that the TS active site was located 40 A from the DHFR active site [Knighton, D. R. , et al. (1994) Nat. Struct. Biol. 1, 186-194]. On the basis of the crystal structure, a novel mechanism has been proposed for the channeling of the intermediate, dihydrofolate, from the TS active site to the DHFR active site [Knighton, D. R. , et al. (1994) Nat. Struct. Biol. 1, 186-194]. They suggest that the dihydrofolate is transferred via an "electrostatic" channel on the protein surface which connects the two active sites. In this report, we describe the use of a rapid transient kinetic analysis in examining the kinetics of substrate channeling as well as domain-domain interactions in the bifunctional TS-DHFR from L. major.
Accrual Anomaly in Indonesia (Empirical Study of Companies Registered in Indonesia’s Stock Exchange)

Abstract: Many studies have found a reverse correlation between the levels of accruals and subsequent abnormal stock return on the US market, which is caused by investor’s failure in predicting the future earnings using the cash and the accrual components. Investors overweight the accrual component. This relationship is considered as an anomaly since it is not a corresponding with the efficient market hypothesis, in which the investors should not overweight accrual component. This research aims to detect accrual anomalies to the companies registered in the Indonesia stock exchange. The sample used in this study is a list of companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a total of companies are 121 companies. The result shows that there is accrual anomaly in Indonesia although it is slightly different from the US market. Abstrak: Banyak penelitian telah menemukan korelasi terbalik antara tingkat akrual dan pengembalian saham abnormal berikutnya di pasar AS, yang disebabkan oleh kegagalan investor dalam memprediksi pendapatan masa depan menggunakan uang tunai dan komponen akrual. Investor kelebihan berat komponen akrual. Hubungan ini dianggap sebagai anomali, karena itu tidak sesuai dengan hipotesis pasar yang efisien, di mana para investor tidak harus kelebihan berat badan komponen akrual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi anomali akrual terhadap perusahaan yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah daftar perusahaan di Bursa Efek Indonesia dengan total perusahaan adalah 121 perusahaan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ada anomali akrual di Indonesia meskipun sedikit berbeda dengan pasar AS.
The Economics of Supranational Bank Supervision

Abstract This article examines the effectiveness of cooperation among bank supervisors using novel data on supranational agreements signed by 93 countries. Exploiting that globally operating banks are differently covered by these agreements, we show that supervisory cooperation generally improves bank stability. The magnitude of the effect is higher for smaller global banks, and when supervisors are more stringent and have access to higher quality information. We also show that actual supervisory cooperation varies across countries consistent with differences in economic costs and benefits of cooperation. This suggests that cooperation is not always desirable, despite being effective in reducing bank risk.
Congruences of models of elliptic curves

Let 𝒪K be discrete valuation ring with a field of fractions K and a perfect residue field. Let E be an elliptic curve over K, let L/K be a finite Galois extension and let 𝒪L be the integral closure of 𝒪K in L. Denote by χ′ the minimal regular model of EL over 𝒪L. We show that the special fibers of the minimal Weierstrass model and the minimal regular model of E over 𝒪K are determined by the infinitesimal fiber χ′m together with the action of Gal(L/K), when m is big enough (depending on the minimal discriminant of E and the different of L/K).
Reflection paper on use of pleuromutilins in food-producing animals in the European Union: development of resistance and impact on human and animal health

CVMP recommendations for action Pleuromutilins (tiamulin and valnemulin) are used predominately in pigs but to some extent also in poultry and rabbits. It is an essential group of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine especially as it is the sole treatment option for enteritis in pigs caused by isolates of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae (swine dysentery) resistant to lincosamides and macrolides. The negative consequences in case such a pathogen were to become pleuromutilin resistant would thus be considerable both from an economic and an animal welfare perspective.
Going Private Via Lbo - Shareholder Gains in the European Market

This paper investigates market reactions after Leveraged Buyout (LBO) announcements in the European market using a data set from 1996-2002. For 99 announcements we document an average abnormal return of 27.01% over the event period [-30;+30]. The results of our cross-sectional regressions reveal that European companies with a poor stock performance before the buyout, as well as companies who are undervalued with respect to their industry peer group, tend to have higher abnormal returns. Furthermore, companies with a high pre-LBO free float and relatively weak monitoring by shareholders tend to show high abnormal LBO returns. These findings support the hypothesis that Corporate Governance standards in Europe are less rigorously enforced than in the US.
Results of surgical and somatostatin analogue therapy and their combination in acromegaly –

ECE: maximal 250 Wörter – Ist: 250 Background: Data on surgical and medical treatment outcome in acromegaly mostly originate from specialized centres. We retrospectively analysed data on surgery, primary somatostatin analogue therapy (SSA), surgery preceded by SSA and SSA preceded by surgery in 1485 patients from the German Acromegaly Register. Methods: Two trained nurses visited all centres (N=42) for data acquisition. Results: Primary surgery: Of 889 patients 554 yielded analyzable data (microadenomas 22.9%, macroadenoms 77.1%). GH and IGF-I normalized in 54.3 and 67.2%. Partial or total pituitary insufficiency occurred in 28.6% initially and 41.2% post surgery. Primary SSA (≥3 months): Of 329 patients 145 yielded analyzable data (microadenomas 26.7%, macroadenoms 73.3%). GH and IGF-I normalized in 36.3 and 30.5%, increasing to 40.8 and 41.5% with longer SSA (≥360 days) in 54 patients. Pituitary function did not change. SSA (≥3 months) prior to surgery: Of 234 patients 93 yielded analyzable data. Post-surgery GH and IGF-I was normalized in 62.9 and 68.4%, significantly more often compared to primary surgery for GH (p<0.05), but not for IGF-I. Surgery followed by SSA: Of 122 patients 34 yielded analyzable data. GH and IGF-I normalized during SSA in 24.1 and 45.5%. , Relative GH decrease was significantly larger compared to primary SSA. Conclusions: Pituitary surgery was more effective to lower GH and IGF-I concentrations than primary SSA. Primary SSA may be an option in selected patients. SSA prior to surgery only marginally improved surgical outcome. Debulking surgery may result in better final outcome in patients with a high GH concentration and a large tumor. Page 2 of 24
Test of the innermost inner core models using broadband PKIKP travel time residuals

Two different innermost inner core (IMIC) models have recently been proposed, each with different radii and different orientation and strength of anisotropy. In order to test these IMIC models, we have systematically assembled a high quality dataset of broadband PKIKP data in the epicentral distance range of 150° to 180°. Our new dataset consists of ∼1,100 individually measured absolute PKIKP arrival times. Also, PKIKP bottoming points and ray paths in the inner core are well distributed in the east‐west and north‐south hemispheres. We invert this dataset for two layer models of anisotropy in the inner core and compare the fits obtained with those predicted from the existing IMIC models. Our results show that, if there is an IMIC, its radius is most likely around ∼500 km rather than the ∼300 km originally proposed, and is in better agreement with the layering in the inner core based on PKIKP waveform modeling.
Current Treatment Preferences for Early Onset Scoliosis: A Survey of POSNA Members

Background Surgical options for the management of idiopathic early onset scoliosis (EOS) have increased over the past decade, perhaps surpassing traditional nonoperative methods. We sought to assess current treatment preferences in the management of EOS among pediatric orthopaedic surgeons. We hypothesized that practitioner access to casting tables and halo traction would be significantly associated with treatment choices. Methods A web-based survey was distributed to the members of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America. Information with regard to practice type, access to casting tables and halo traction, and management of patients with EOS was obtained. Clinical vignettes were used to assess current physician preferences in the treatment of EOS, including the use of bracing, casting, halo-gravity traction, fusionless spine techniques, definitive fusion, and chest wall devices. Results Members of Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America (19.8%) completed the survey with the vast majority of respondents (93.8%) treating children with EOS. Sixty-six percent of respondents had access to a casting table and 77% reported access to halo-gravity traction. Access to casting tables and access to halo-gravity traction was associated with the use of casting and traction (P<0.0001). Equal numbers of surgeons currently use casting (62%) and growing spine techniques (64.1%). Chest wall expansion was offered as a treatment option by 39.1% of surgeons, and 27% of surgeons reported the use of halo-gravity traction. Ninety-three percent of respondents chose nonoperative management of a 2-year–old child with a 50Â° progressive scoliosis. In contrast, 63% of surgeons would offer surgery as the initial management to a 5-year-old child with a progressive 70Â° idiopathic scoliosis. Conclusions The majority of respondents had access to halo traction and casting tables at their hospitals. There was a statistically significant association between access to equipment and use of casting and halo traction. Nonoperative management was the preferred treatment option in the very young (2 year-old). Two-thirds of surgeons report initial surgical management of the 5-year-old child with a large idiopathic curve.
Double gate underlap FinFET device optimization and application in SRAM design at 15 nm

In this work an attempt has been made to optimize the double gate underlap FinFET devices so as to approach the ITRS targets for the year 2015 for HP (High Performance) applications. Source/Drain doping engineering, gate dielectric engineering, spacer engineering and metal gate work function engineering have been explored for achieving optimal device characteristics. Quantum mechanical effects which are important in the nanometer regime have been accounted for in the device simulations for obtaining a realistic picture. Also, a 6T SRAM cell has been designed using FinFETs with 15 nm gate lengths and its performance has been evaluated with respect to the noise margins based on the conventional butterfly curves as well as N-curves using mixed mode simulations.
Intergroup Contact: The Past, Present, and the Future

The Contact Hypothesis has long been considered one of psychology’s most effective strategies for improving intergroup relations. In this article, we review the history of the development of the Contact Hypothesis, and then we examine recent developments in this area. Specifically, we consider the conditions that are required for successful contact to occur (e.g. cooperation), investigate basic psychological processes that may mediate the consequent reductions in bias (e.g. decreased intergroup anxiety, increased common group representations), and explore factors that can facilitate the generalization of the benefits of intergroup contact in terms of more positive attitudes toward the outgroup as a whole (e.g. increased group salience). We conclude by outlining the contents of the contributions to this Special Issue on Intergroup Contact, highlighting common themes, and identifying findings that suggest directions for future research.
The inconvenience due to women’s monthly bleeding (ISY) survey: a study of premenstrual symptoms among 5728 women in Europe

Abstract Objectives: The aim of the ISY study was to investigate the prevalence of menstrual-related symptoms prior to and/or during menstrual or withdrawal bleeding among women from 12 European countries. Methods: A 15-min quantitative online survey was conducted in two waves from February to September 2015 among 5728 women aged between 18 and 45 years, with an equal distribution of women using a combined hormonal contraceptive, including regular combined oral contraceptives (COCs) (CHC group, n = 2739) and women using a non-hormonal contraceptive or no contraceptive (non-HC group, n = 2989). Results: The prevalence of at least one menstrual-related symptom was high in CHC users (93%) and in non-HC users (95%) (p < .0001) and the average number of symptoms reported was 5.3 vs. 5.9, respectively, (p < .0001). Pelvic pain, bloating/swelling, irritability and mood swing were reported in more than half of the women in both groups. Although generally modest, symptom severity was higher in non-HC users, except for headache. Overall, during the last four cycles, 60–75% of women did not require a treatment for most symptoms but headaches and pelvic pain. Mood swings/irritability, water retention/weight gain, lack of energy/mood swings and lack of energy/irritability were common symptoms that frequently co-occurred. No associations were reported between symptoms and age, educational qualifications or women’s desire to reduce the frequency of menstruation. Conclusions: Premenstrual and menstrual symptomatology was less frequent, less numerous and less severe (except for headache) in women using CHCs; however, it remains a common concern. Reducing the frequency of menstrual periods could reduce withdrawal-related symptoms.
Rapid Diagnosis of Mediastinal Tuberculosis With Polymerase Chain Reaction Evaluation of Aspirated Material Taken by Endobronchial Ultrasound–Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration

Background Endobronchial ultrasound–guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a diagnostic method for tuberculosis (TB). This study was conducted to determine the efficiency of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for detecting TB lymphadenitis in samples obtained by EBUS-TBNA. Materials and Methods A total of 93 consecutive patients with hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathies and diagnosed with granulomatous diseases through histopathological evaluation were included in the study. The specimens provided by EBUS-TBNA were evaluated through pathological, microbiological, and molecular tests. Results Eighty-nine (95.7%) of the 93 patients had histopathologically granulomatous diseases by EBUS-TBNA. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 27 (30.3%) patients and sarcoidosis was diagnosed in 62 (69.7%) patients. Four (4.3%) patients were diagnosed through mediastinoscopy. Endobronchial ultrasound–guided transbronchial needle aspiration had an overall diagnostic efficiency in TB of 96.9%, a sensitivity of 90.9%, and a specificity of 100%. Mycobacterium tuberculosis PCR was positive in 17 of the 30 patients. The sensitivity of PCR was 56.7%, the specificity was 100%, and the general efficiency of the test was 96.4%. Conclusions As a result, the use of M. tuberculosis PCR in the EBUS-TBNA specimens provides a rapid and an accurate diagnosis of TB. Therefore, we recommend the use of M. tuberculosis PCR in the EBUS-TBNA specimens as a rapid diagnostic method for mediastinal lymphadenopathies in patients with suspected TB.
The Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Customer Orientation, and Knowledge Sharing on Innovation Capability and Business Performance (Study on Tourism-Based MSMEs in Banyuwangi Regency)

Tourism is a potential sector to be developed in order to stimulate Indonesia's economic growth. Along with the depletion of natural resource reserves which have become the foundation of extractive industries, the government must begin to develop other renewable sectors to increase economic growth. In this study, explained the influence of entrepreneur orientation, customer orientation and knowledge sharing on innovation capability and business performance. This type of research is explanatory research, using a questionnaire primary data collection tool distributed to tourism-based MSME owners in Banyuwangi Regency. The sample in this study was a saturated sample, by making all tourism-based MSME owners in Banyuwangi Regency a sample of 94 respondents. The data analysis technique using smart PLS 20.0 was chosen to analyze the influence of variables in this study. The results showed that entrepreneur orientation, and customer orientation had a positive and significant effect on innovation capability and business performance, knowledge sharing had a significant positive effect on innovation capability, but knowledge sharing was not significant for business performance.
Impact of Tri Hita Karana Culture on the Use of Accounting Information Systems and User Satisfaction as the Expression of Information System Success

"Objective – The research aims to examine whether Tri Hita Karana (THK) culture influences the use of Acccounting Information System (AIS) and user satisfaction as the expression of Information Systems (IS) success. Methodology/Technique – The research was conducted in Badung Regency with Customary Village Financial Institution (LPD) as the sample. This research observes 55 LPDs in Badung Regency. The data was analyzed using SEM analysis with a PLS approach. Findings – The results of this research show that THK culture influences the use of AIS; THK culture influences through perceptions of use and perceptions of simplicity; THK culture influences user satisfaction through perception of use, perception of simplicity, and the use of AIS; perception of use and perception of simplicity influence the use of AIS; perception of use does not influence user satisfaction; perception of simplicity influences user satisfaction; AIS use effects user satisfaction; perception of use effects user satisfaction through the use of AIS. Novelty – The research suggests that suggestions for developing AIS in LPDs across Badung Regency or for further research in the field of AIS include: (1) dividing the LPDs into groups based on their business scale (either their amount of capital or the amount of assets owned); and (2) further exploring the impact of THK culture on the use of AIS. "
Risk-Seeking Behavior in Poorer Cultivators and Growing Income Disparity

： This study examines the risk of cultivating betel leaf, a popular cash crop in the region of southern Bangladesh, and reveals its effect on income generation in connection with forest degradation. We analyzed panel data from farmers for 2010 and 2014 and revealed that betel leaf cultivation has widened income disparity and does not necessarily contribute to income generation, in particular for poorer farmers. Such farmers have undertaken risks including disease, climate change, and price fluctuations, and yet they continue to engage in cultivation. In conclusion, this study provides evidence of poor farmers’ myopic risk-seeking behavior, which contradicts past findings.
The Policy Analysis Matrix in Measuring Competitiveness of Maize Farming System in Marginal Areas

Yellow maize for animal feed is one of potential strategic commodities to be developed in Pacitan Regency, as a marginal area. The focusing question is whether this commodity generates competitiveness. This research aims: 1) to determine the private and social profitability, 2) to analyze competitiveness through comparative and competitive advantages, 3) to discuss effects of government policies on maize farming system. Data were analyzed by using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) method. A sampling area was purposively selected, i.e. Pacitan Regency, while 102 maize farmers were proportionally selected as respondents. The research covers three seasons: rainy season I, rainy season II, and dry season. The result of analysis shows that in the rainy season II, maize farming in Pacitan generates private and social profits and competitiveness as indicated by the Private Cost Ratio (PCR) and the Domestic Resource Cost Ratio (DRCR) of less than one. The maize farming in the rainy season I and the dry season does not generate either profit or competitiveness. In general, the level of government protection of agricultural outputs is considered low but the protection of both tradable and non-tradable agricultural inputs is high. The government policy on agricultural outputs and inputs simultaneously does not protect maize farming effectively.
Follow-up for cervical cancer: a Program in Evidence-Based Care systematic review and clinical practice guideline update.

BACKGROUND In 2009, the Program in Evidence-based Care (pebc) of Cancer Care Ontario published a guideline on the follow-up of cervical cancer. In 2014, the pebc undertook an update of the systematic review and clinical practice guideline for women in this target population. METHODS The literature from 2007 to August 2014 was searched using medline and embase [extended to 2000 for studies of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna testing]. Outcomes of interest were measures of survival, diagnostic accuracy, and quality of life. A working group evaluated the need for changes to the earlier guidelines and incorporated comments and feedback from internal and external reviewers. RESULTS One systematic review and six individual studies were included. The working group concluded that the new evidence did not warrant changes to the 2009 recommendations, although hpv dna testing was added as a potentially more sensitive method of detecting recurrence in patients treated with radiotherapy. Comments from internal and external reviewers were incorporated. RECOMMENDATIONS SUMMARY Follow-up care after primary treatment should be conducted and coordinated by a physician experienced in the surveillance of cancer patients. A reasonable follow-up strategy involves visits every 3-4 months within the first 2 years, and every 6-12 months during years 3-5. Visits should include a patient history and complete physical examination, with elicitation of relevant symptoms. Vaginal vault cytology examination should not be performed more frequently than annually. Combined positron-emission tomography and computed tomography, other imaging, and biomarker evaluation are not advocated; hpv dna testing could be useful as a method of detection of recurrence after radiotherapy. General recommendations for follow-up after 5 years are also provided.