Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estudios epidemiológicos sobre la incidencia del acoso escolar e implicaciones educativas

El trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los resultados de los estudios epidemiologicos nacionales e internacionales que informan de la incidencia del acoso escolar o bullying con la finalidad de comparar las incidencias, valorar la gravedad de la situacion y senalar algunas directrices para la prevencion e intervencion. La revision de los estudios pone de relieve un porcentaje medio de victimizacion grave entre el 3% y el 10%, y porcentajes de estudiantes que sufren conductas violentas que oscilan entre un 20% y un 30%. La incidencia del fenomeno es digna de consideracion y bastante similar en todos los paises aunque la diversidad de instrumentos aplicados impide realizar comparaciones lineales, pero a pesar de ello se constatan tendencias y caracteristicas comunes en los resultados de las investigaciones. La discusion gira en torno a las medidas preventivas que se pueden adoptar para la mejora de la convivencia y la promocion de actitudes positivas en ninos/ninas y adolescentes. Con esta finalidad se aportan referencias de paginas Web con planes de convivencia y recursos asi como referencias de programas para la prevencion e intervencion en la violencia escolar.
Prevalence of hypertension in China: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of trends and regional differences

Hypertension has become a growing public health concern in rapidly developing countries. We estimated trends of hypertension prevalence in adults in China over the past 10 years and identified demographical and geographical determinants of these trends. A systematic search was conducted for studies published between 2002 and 2012 using PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure electronic databases. In total, 47 studies were selected out of 4512 hits. The age-standardized prevalence of hypertension increased by 1.4% per year. Hypertension prevalence in north China was 9.1% (95% confidence interval 4.1–14.1), which was higher than south China. After adjustments for survey year and region, the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension did not differ significantly between men and women (P = 0.18). Our findings suggest a significant increase in the prevalence of hypertension in China over the period of 2002–2012 with considerable regional differences within China.
Loss of cryptochrome reduces cancer risk in p53 mutant mice

It is commonly thought that disruption of the circadian clock increases the cancer incidence in humans and mice. However, it was found that disruption of the clock by the Cryptochrome (Cry) mutation in mice did not increase cancer rate in the mutant mice even after exposing the animals to ionizing radiation. Therefore, in this study we tested the effect of the Cry mutation on carcinogenesis in a mouse strain prone to cancer because of a p53 mutation, with the expectation that clock disruption in this sensitized background would further increase cancer risk. Paradoxically, we find that the Cry mutation protects p53 mutant mice from the early onset of cancer and extends their median lifespan ≈50%, in part by sensitizing p53 mutant cells to apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress. These results suggest alternative therapeutic approaches in management of cancers associated with a p53 mutation.
A systematic review of what factors attract and retain nurses in aged and dementia care.

AIM To present evidence-based factors for the recruitment and retention of licensed nurses caring for older people and persons with dementia. BACKGROUND The international nurse shortage crisis is intensified in the aged and dementia care sector. Strategies to address this crisis rely on qualitative, quasi-experimental, anecdotal and unsubstantiated literature. DESIGN Systematic literature review. METHOD Search terms 'nurse''nurses''nursing''clinical supervision''staff''staffing''staff mix''staff levels''recruitment''retention''aged care''gerontology''gerontological''dementia care''residential''nursing home,' were used in all possible combinations and applied in a wide range of relevant academic databases, with secondary hand searches of selected bibliographies. RESULTS Two hundred and twenty-six papers were retrieved and scanned, with 105 chosen for closer examination that were relevant to recruitment and retention strategies for dementia and aged care nursing. Twenty-five of the papers chosen for review were rated at level 2++ to 3, according to the guidelines of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (The NICE Guidelines Manual, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, London). The 25 critically reviewed papers are organised as promising strategies for (1) nurse recruitment and (2) nurse retention. CONCLUSIONS The intrinsic rewards of the caring role attract nurses to dementia and aged care. Essential strategies linking recruitment with retention are: careful selection of student nurse clinical placements and their ongoing supervision and education, training for skills, leadership and teamwork for new and existing nurses, increased staffing levels, pay parity across different health settings and family friendly policies. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE A family-friendly, learning environment that values and nurtures its nursing staff, in the same way as nurses are expected to value and care for their patients and residents, is critical in ensuring their retention in dementia and aged care.
Clinical features of Japanese children and adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus: Results of 1980–1994 survey

Marked advances have been made in the past decade in the management of adults with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Therefore, a nationwide retrospective survey was conducted between 1980 and 1994 to investigate the clinical manifestations of SLE in Japanese children and adolescents. Questionnaires were sent to 340 hospitals. Of 405 patients reported by 176 hospitals, 373 patients, diagnosed by the criteria established by the Pediatric Study Group of the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare in 1985, were enrolled in the study. Forty‐nine of the 354 patients (13.8%) had relatives with a connective tissue disease within the third degree of consanguinity. The frequent manifestations in 373 patients were the presence of antinuclear antibody (98.9%), immunologic disorders (93.0%), hypocomplementemia (87.1%), malar rash (79.6%) and fever (74.0%). Lupus nephritis was present in 148 of the 309 patients (47.9%) at their first visit to a clinic, and 261 of the 373 patients (70.0%) developed renal involvement during the observation period. Of 370 patients, 92 patients (24.9%) exhibited central nervous system lupus. Of 368 patients, 192 patients (52.2%) were treated by methylprednisolone pulse therapy and 148 patients (40.2%) received immunosuppressants in combination with steroid therapy at some stage during the observation period. Survival rate at 5 years from onset was 95.9%. Management of infection, coagulopathies, and central nervous system involvement is essential to improve the prognosis of SLE in Japanese children and adolescents.
Collision‐Induced Absorption by Supermolecular Complexes from a New Potential Energy and Induced Dipole Surface, Suited for Calculations up to Thousands of Kelvin

Absorption by pairs of H2 molecules is an important opacity source in the atmospheres of the outer planets, and thus of special astronomical interest. The emission spectra of cool white dwarf stars differ significantly from the expected blackbody spectra, amongst other reasons due to absorption by H2‐H2, H2‐He, and H2‐H collisional complexes in the stellar atmospheres. To model the radiative processes in these atmospheres, which have temperatures of several thousand kelvin, one needs accurate knowledge of the induced dipole (ID) and potential energy surfaces (PES) of such collisional complexes. These come from quantum‐chemical calculations with the H2 bonds stretched or compressed far from equilibrium. Laboratory measurements of collision‐induced (CI) absorption exist only at much lower temperature. For H2 pairs at room temperature, the calculated spectra of the rototranslational band, the fundamental band, and the first overtone match the experimental data very well. In addition, with the newly obtained .
On the regularity and curvature properties of level sets of minimizers for denoising models using total variation regularization; II. Examples

Let Ω be an open subset of R where 2 ≤ n ≤ 7; the reason for restriction on n is that our work will make use of the regularity theory for area minimizing hypersurfaces. Let s ∈ L∞(Ω), let γ : [0,∞) → [0,∞) be zero at zero, nondecreasing and convex and for f ∈ L∞(Ω) let
Comparison of Metacognitive Beliefs and the Amount the Sensation Seeking in Addicted and Normal People

Article history: Received: 13 Feb2012 Accepted: 6 June 2012 Available online: 11 Feb 2013 ZJRMS 2014; 16(5): 79-82 Background: The metacognitive theory refers to beliefs and theories which people experience in according to their familiarities and their excitements, such beliefs can involve other kinds of treatments toward paying attention to specific types of thoughts, about other acquintive events. Materials and Methods: In this correlational descriptive study, the subjects were consisted 264 people. The samples for addicted subjects were chosen amongst those who had registered their names in addiction centers. These people were chosen by simple sample method Torbat-e-Heydariyeh in 2010-11. The witness cluster was also consisted with, socio-individualistic characteristics. To gather the outcoming data properly, the Metacognitive beliefs questionnaire (MCQ-30) and Zuckerman sensation seeking using. SPSS-16 software, descriptive statistical indices used to analyze data. Results: There were significant differences of scores between two group in metacognitive beliefs and sensation seeking (p<0.01). Conclusion: The current survey is equivalent with basic hypothesies of metacognitive model and psychological status of addicts. Copyright © 2014 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
High-level production of functional muscle alpha-tropomyosin in Pichia pastoris.

Although numerous studies have reported the production of skeletal muscle alpha-tropomyosin in E. coli, the protein needs to be modified at the amino terminus in order to be active. Without these modifications the protein does not bind to actin, does not exhibit head-to-tail polymerization, and does not inhibit the actomyosin Mg(2+)-ATPase in the absence of troponin. On the other hand, the protein produced in insect cells using baculovirus as an expression vector (Urbancikova, M., and Hitchcock-DeGregori, S. E., J. Biol. Chem., 269, 24310-24315, 1994) is only partially acetylated at its amino terminal and therefore is not totally functional. In an attempt to produce an unmodified functional recombinant muscle alpha-tropomyosin for structure-function correlation studies we have expressed the chicken skeletal alpha-tropomyosin cDNA in the yeast Pichia pastoris. Recombinant protein was produced at a high level (20 mg/L) and was similar to the wild type muscle protein in its ability to polymerize, to bind to actin and to regulate the actomyosin S1 Mg(2+)-ATPase.
Efficacy and tolerability of preservative-free eye drops containing a fixed combination of dorzolamide and timolol in glaucoma patients.

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of preservative-free eye drops (dorzolamide/timolol) in routine management of preservative-sensitive glaucoma patients. METHODS Data from 2,298 glaucoma patients requiring intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction and suffering from intolerance to benzalkonium chloride or active agents of previously used eye drops were valid for baseline and safety analysis in this prospective, open, noncomparative, multicenter, noninterventional study. Patients were treated with preservative-free dorzolamide/timolol eye drops for 12 weeks. Main efficacy endpoint was IOP reduction after 12 weeks of treatment. Two thousand forty-nine patients were considered for efficacy analysis. Tolerability was assessed by evaluating adverse drug reactions. RESULTS Mean baseline IOP was 20.8 mmHg. Baseline IOP was reduced to 16.7 mmHg after 12 weeks of treatment corresponding to a mean absolute (percent) change of -4.1 mmHg (-17.3%). The proportion of patients with IOP ≤21 mmHg increased from 59.9% at baseline to 94.6% after 12 weeks. The most frequently reported ocular adverse drug reactions were burning eyes (2.4%) and hyperemia (0.9%). Local tolerability improved in 79.3% of patients compared to their previous glaucoma therapy. CONCLUSIONS This observational study confirms the IOP lowering effect of preservative-free eye drops containing the fixed combination of dorzolamide/timolol in a large patient's population. The drug was well tolerated and improved the local tolerability in the vast majority of patients.
Optimal sequencing of docetaxel and abiraterone in men with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer

Recent advances have yielded multiple new life‐prolonging treatments for men with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) including chemotherapy, next‐generation hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, and radiopharmaceutical products. However, the optimal sequencing of these agents to maximize clinical benefit remains unclear. Recent data from the CHAARTED and STAMPEDE studies suggest that early use of docetaxel in men with metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) significantly improves survival, but whether early compared with delayed use of chemotherapy also provides a survival advantage in mCRPC is unknown.
Exploring schema-driven differences in situation awareness between road users: an on-road study of driver, cyclist and motorcyclist situation awareness

Collisions between different road users make a substantial contribution to road trauma. Although evidence suggests that different road users interpret the same road situations differently, it is not clear how road users' situation awareness differs, nor is it clear which differences might lead to conflicts. This article presents the findings from an on-road study conducted to examine driver, motorcyclist and cyclist situation awareness in different road environments. The findings suggest that, in addition to minor differences in the structure of different road users' situation awareness (i.e. amount of information and how it is integrated), the actual content of situation awareness in terms of road user schemata, the resulting interaction with the world and the information underpinning situation awareness is markedly different. Further examination indicates that the differences are likely to be compatible along arterial roads, shopping strips and at roundabouts, but that they may create conflicts between different road users at intersections. Interventions designed to support compatible situation awareness and behaviour between different road users are discussed. Practitioner Summary: Incompatible situation awareness plays a key role in collisions between different road users (e.g. drivers and motorcyclists). This on-road study examined situation awareness in drivers, motorcyclists and cyclists, identifying the key differences and potential conflicts that arise. The findings are used to propose interventions designed to enhance the compatibility of situation awareness between road users.
Evaluation of proton beam radiation sensitivity of proliferating choroidal endothelial and retinal ganglion cells with clonogenic assay

Context: Proton beam therapy offers the advantage of precise delivery with limited damage to the healthy tissue and is being tested in the management of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the dosages tested are empirical and not based on preclinical studies. Objective: In this study we evaluated the effects of varying doses of proton beam radiation on choroidal endothelial cells (CECs) and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) using clonogenic assay to determine differential sensitivity. Materials and methods: Each cell type has different efficiency to replicate (plating efficiency (PE)). PE of CEC (RF/6A) and RGC (RGC-5) grown in culture flasks was determined by plating 250 cells each (without any treatment) and counting the number of colonies after 13 days. Radiation induced sensitivity was determined by exposing the semi-confluent RF/6A and RGC-5 cells to proton beam at the doses of 0 (control), 2, 4, 8 and 12 cobalt gray equivalent (CGE). The ability of the cells to repair and replicate to form colonies were analyzed 13 days after radiation with crystal violet stain and the survival ratio was calculated. The significance of survival was analyzed using ANOVA (Graphpad Instat.3). Results: The PE of CEC and RGC was 12.96 ± 0.29% and 40.7 ± 1.48%, respectively. A survival ratio of CEC at 2, 4, 8 and 12 CGE proton radiation was 66.0 ± 8.6%, 44.3 ± 6.5%, 7.6 ± 0.3% and 1.14 ± 0.06% on exposure to 2, 4, 8 and 12 CGE proton radiation, respectively, p < 0.01). Survival ratio of RGC was 71.1 ± 22.4% (p = 0.05), 40.2 ± 7.9%, 8.89 ± 2.6% and 0.78 ± 0.31% at 2, 4, 8 and 12 CGE dosages (p < 0.001). Discussion: CEC showed dose-dependent decrease in survival rate with values attaining significance at all radiation dosages. In contrast, RGC was comparatively radio resistant and were able to replicate at lower doses and sensitive at higher doses after proton beam radiation. Conclusion: Since CECs proliferate during neovascularization, this clonogenic assay is a useful assay to assess the sensitivity of CEC to radiation. This study identified that CEC were more sensitive to proton beam radiation than RGC at all doses. This may provide a therapeutic window for administration of proton beam radiation in the management of AMD.
Bioavailability of a natural lead‐contaminated invertebrate diet to zebrafish

Dietary metals are increasingly recognized as key determinants of total metal burdens in fish, yet their ecotoxicological significance remains unclear. In this study, a pairwise experimental design was used to assess reproductive performance of zebrafish (Danio rerio) fed diets supplemented with a natural Pb‐enriched polychaete, Nereis diversicolor. Zebrafish were fed 1% flake food (dry wt diet/wet wt fish/d), 1% brine shrimp, and 1% N. diversicolor collected from either Gannel estuary, Cornwall, United Kingdom (UK), an estuary with legacy Pb contamination, or Blackwater estuary, Essex, UK, a reference site with low background metal concentrations, for 63 d. Mean daily dietary doses of Pb were 0.417 and 0.1 mg/kg/d (dry wt feed:wet wt fish) for fish fed N. diversicolor from Gannel and Blackwater estuaries, respectively. With the exception of Ag, which was higher for fish fed N. diversicolor from Gannel estuary, there were no differences in daily dietary exposures to other metals (As, Cd, Cu, Fe, and Zn) between treatment groups. Fish fed Pb‐enriched Gannel N. diversicolor exhibited no significant impairment to incidence of spawning, numbers of eggs per breeding pair or hatch rate of embryos compared with pre‐exposure levels, when N. diversicolor was omitted from the dietary regimen. Nevertheless, metal analysis revealed significant increases in whole‐body Pb burdens of male fish fed polychaetes from Gannel estuary, Ag in female fish fed Gannel worms, and Ag and Cd in male fish fed the Blackwater worms. These data demonstrate that Pb naturally incorporated in N. diversicolor is bioavailable to fish, and fish exhibit sex‐dependent dietary metal accumulation patterns, but after 63 d of the experimental feeding regimen, reproductive performance was unaffected. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:708–714. © 2009 SETAC
A Miniaturized 3 dB Branch-Line Hybrid Coupler With Harmonics Suppression

This letter presents a miniaturized 3 dB branch-line hybrid coupler with second harmonic suppression using high-impedance transmission lines and interdigitated shunt capacitors. By using the interdigitated capacitors shunt with the transmission lines, further minimization of the 3 dB branch-line hybrid coupler can be achieved compared with previously reported techniques. The design of the interdigitated shunt capacitors requires concurrent optimization of the capacitance to the ground and the edge-coupling interdigitated capacitance between the ports. For validation, a miniaturized 3 dB branch-line hybrid coupler at 836.5 MHz was designed and implemented. The proposed 3 dB branch-line hybrid coupler achieved a compact size of 27.75 mm × 25.7 mm, or equivalently 0. 077λo×0. 072λo, where λo is the free-space wavelength. Moreover, the coupler can suppress second harmonic components by 20 dB while maintaining similar measured performance compared to the conventional branch-line hybrid coupler.
Do consumers really care on risks in online shopping? An analysis from Indonesian online consumers

This study aims to analyze the influence of trust, concern and risks perception toward the intentions of customers to conduct e-commerce transaction. In order to see the influence of these factors, we construct an online questionnaire and distribute it to various sites and forums using quota sampling methods. We obtained 101 valid data and analyzed them by using Spearman's rho correlation analysis to determine the relationship between each variable and path coefficient analysis to prove the hypothesis. Interestingly, online customers in Indonesia tend not to think risk as something that affects their intentions when performing online transaction. Attitude and perceived behavioral control had more influence on the online customer in Indonesia to conduct online transactions.
Palmar and digital dermatoglyphic patterns in Malawian subjects.

OBJECTIVE To establish palmar and digital dermatoglyphic patterns. DESIGN Cross sectional study of randomly selected black Malawian subjects. SETTING Chichiri Secondary School and College of Medicine in Blantyre, Malawi. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Total finger ridge count (TFRC), atd angle, a-b ridge counts, pattern intensity index (PII) and the variability of ridge patterns were determined. RESULTS Arches were the most predominant digital pattern in both sexes, followed by radial loops in males and whorls in females. The sex differences between these digital patterns were not statistically significant and palmar patterns did not show sexual dimorphism. Females had significantly higher TFRC than males (p < 0.001) while males showed higher mean PII values than females. Females also had significantly higher atd angle than males while males had significantly higher a-b ridge counts than females (p < 0.001). The TFRC, atd angle and a-b ridges count were significantly higher in Nigerians than Malawians (p < 0.001). The mean PII was also higher in Nigerians than in Malawians. CONCLUSION For the first time the normal dermatoglyphic patterns of Malawians was established.
Common variants within 6p21.31 locus are associated with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and, potentially, other non‐Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes

A recent meta‐analysis of three genome‐wide association studies of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) identified two common variants at the 6p21.31 locus that are associated with CLL risk. To verify and further explore the association of these variants with other non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes, we genotyped 1196 CLL cases, 1699 NHL cases, and 2410 controls. We found significant associations between the 6p21.31 variants and CLL risk (rs210134: P = 0·01; rs210142: P = 6·8 × 10−3). These variants also showed a trend towards association with some of the other NHL subtypes. Our results validate the prior work and support specific genetic pathways for risk among NHL subtypes.