Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From Action to Interaction: Infant Object Exploration and Mothers' Contingent Responsiveness

We examined maternal contingent responsiveness to infant object exploration in 190 mother-infant pairs from diverse cultural communities. Dyads were video-recorded during book-sharing and play when infants were 14 mo. Researchers coded the temporal onsets and offsets of infant and mother object exploration and mothers' referential (e.g., “That's a bead”) and regulatory (e.g., “Stop it”) language. The times when infant or mother were neither exploring objects nor communicating were classified as “off task. ” Sequential analysis was used to examine whether certain maternal behaviors were more (or less) likely to follow infant object exploration relative to chance, to one another, and to times when infants were off task. Mothers were more likely to explore objects and use referential language in response to infant object exploration than to use regulatory language or be off task, and maternal behaviors were reduced in the context of infants being off task. Additionally, mothers coordinated their object exploration with referential language specifically; thus, mothers' responses to infants were didactic and multimodal. Infant object exploration elicits reciprocal object exploration and informative verbal input from mothers, illustrating the active role infants play in their social experiences.
Regulation of monomeric dynein activity by ATP and ADP concentrations.

Axonemal dyneins are force-generating ATPases that produce ciliary and flagellar movement. A dynein has large heavy chain(s) in which there are multiple (4-6) ATP-binding consensus sequences (P-loops) as well as intermediate and light chains, constituting a very large complex. We purified a monomeric form of dynein (dynein-a) that has at least three light chains from 14S dyneins of Tetrahymena thermophila and characterized it. In in vitro motility assays, dynein-a rotated microtubules around their longitudinal axis as well as translocated them with their plus-ends leading. ATPase activity at 1 mM ATP was doubled in the presence of a low level of ADP (> or = 20 microM). Both ATPase activity and translocational velocities in the presence of ADP (> or = 20 microM) fit the Michaelis-Menten equation well. However, in the absence of ADP (< 0.1 microM), neither of the activities followed the Michaelis-Menten-type kinetics, probably due to the effect of two ATP-binding sites. Our results also indicate that dynein-a has an ATP-binding site that is very sensitive to ADP and affects ATP hydrolysis at the catalytic site. This study shows that a monomeric form of a dynein molecule regulates its activity by direct binding of ATP and ADP to itself, and thus the dynein molecule has an intramolecular regulating system.
BCOR–CCNB3‐positive soft tissue sarcoma with round‐cell and spindle‐cell histology: a series of four cases highlighting the pitfall of mimicking poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma

BCOR–CCNB3 sarcoma is a genetically defined undifferentiated malignancy with Ewing sarcoma (ES)‐like round cells, and preferentially affects the bones of male adolescents. Sarcomas harbouring BCOR–CCNB3 rarely arise from soft tissues; therefore, we aimed to report four cases to expand the clinicopathological spectrum.
Epstein-Barr virus BZLF1 transactivator is a negative regulator of Jun

The Epstein-Barr virus BZLF1 protein that can induce the lytic cycle in latently infected cells is a transcription factor partially homologous to Fos and binds not only the canonical TPA (tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate)-responsive element (TRE) site but also sequences deviating from the TRE consensus sequence. Thus, expression of cellular genes regulated by AP-1, including the autoregulated AP-1 family, should be affected by BZLF1. However, induction of only Fos by BZLF1 was observed in a gel mobility shift assay using an oligonucleotide probe containing the TRE sequence and the antibody against Fos protein. The c-jun promoter, which contains a binding site for Jun and BZLF1, was stimulated by Jun but not by BZLF1. Furthermore, BZLF1 inhibited stimulation of the c-jun promoter by Jun. Jun together with Fos effectively activated the collagenase promoter that contains a single TRE site. However, not only was BZLF1 unable to stimulate the collagenase promoter, but it also inhibited activation by Jun and Fos. On the other hand, BZLF1 stimulated constructs containing multimeric binding sites. These results and those of previous studies of Epstein-Barr virus promoters regulated by BZLF1 indicate that BZLF1 requires adjacent multiple DNA-binding sites for cooperative interaction to function as a transactivator and to repress the activation by Jun of promoters containing a single TRE site. This suggests that BZLF1 evolved to confer distinct regulatory patterns upon viral target genes and cellular AP-1-responsive genes.
Organizational structure and tax avoidance: multinational evidence from business group affiliation

In this study we investigate how business group affiliation affects tax avoidance across different economic and legal systems. The business group structure should facilitate tax avoidance by allowing the ultimate owner to transfer resources and income across group firms. However, such activities are likely to incur non-tax costs. In this paper we identify three potential non-tax costs (price discount by minority shareholders, reputational and regulatory costs, and political costs) and consider how they differ across two key characteristics that are deemed to affect the tradeoff between cash tax savings and non-tax costs associated with a country’s market development and legal origin. We find that, compared with stand-alone firms, business group firms exhibit greater tax avoidance in countries with developed economies or code law systems, where the non-tax costs are lower, and lower tax avoidance in countries with emerging economies or common law systems, where the non-tax costs are higher. Our results provide insights into the business group ownership structure and the impact of a country’s legal origin and economic development on corporate tax avoidance. ______________ Acknowledgements: We thank Ph.D. seminar/workshop participants at Fudan University (Shanghai), the University of Oregon, Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou), University of Waterloo and the tax research group at the University of California, Irvine, for helpful comments. Support from the Finance and Securities Analysis Center at the Lundquist College of Business is gratefully acknowledged. * Corresponding author.
Quantum jumps and the single trapped barium ion: Determination of collisional quenching rates for the 5d2D5/2 level.

Etude de l'effet de collisions de gaz atomiques et moleculaires sur l'ion Ba + en observant la statistique des sauts quantiques de Ba + sujet a la presence de ces gaz. Mesures de la duree de vie de l'etat 5d 2 D 5/2 en fonction de la pression du gaz tampon
Explaining an IT professional's preferred employment duration: empirical tests of a causal model of antecedents

Prior research, drawing upon Rousseau's (1995) conception of psychological contracts, proposes that a critical antecedent of staying behavior is an IT professional's preferred employment duration. In previous work we further examined the antecedents of this construct, and argued that preferred employment duration is jointly determined by career anchor, life stage, and competencies of the IT professional, with the type of the employing organization serving as a potentially moderating factor. This paper presents empirical tests of the proposed conceptual model. An experiment with IT professionals at the entry stage of their careers shows that preferred employment duration is significantly influenced by the career anchors of job security and technical competence. We also find that the characteristics of the employing organization, viz., risk and variety, influence preferred employment duration. Perceived variety has a direct effect, while perceived risk negatively moderates the effects of the career anchor of job security on preferred employment duration.
The effects of the universal metering programme on water consumption, welfare and equity

There is consensus that meters are necessary for the promotion of efficient water usage. However, available evidence on the benefits and costs of metering is scant, and often based on small samples. We use data from the first large-scale compulsory metering programme in England to study its impact on consumption, social efficiency and distributional outcomes. We find a decrease in consumption of 22% following meter installation, a considerably higher value than assumed as a policy target. This result implies that, overall, the benefits of metering outweigh its costs. We also document a large heterogeneity in reaction, with many households showing low sensitivity to the new tariff. This novel finding suggests that selective metering, where only more price-sensitive households receive meters, would deliver even higher social welfare. Looking at distributional effects, we find similar reduction in consumption across income groups, although only high-income households gain financially from the new tariff.
Acceptance of Payment Cards by Retailers in Hungary Based on Data of Online Cash Registers

In our study we examined payment card acceptance in the Hungarian retail sector based on a receipt-level, detailed dataset derived from online cash registers. The main objective of our research was to identify the primary explanatory variables and to test conventional card acceptance hypotheses. For the purposes of our analysis, we relied on anonymised online cash register data provided by the National Tax and Customs Administration (NTCA) for the year 2016. Covering an extremely broad section of the Hungarian retail sector, with nearly 3.8 billion data points the database provides a basis for complex and robust analyses. We tested storelevel monthly aggregate data with county and network attributes. Based on the robust results of the research, we found that store size can be considered the most important explanatory variable behind card acceptance decisions; however, the correlation is not linear. The marginal effect of size is negligible among small and large-sized stores, but there is a strong positive correlation among mid-sized stores. We also analysed the effect of the store’s customer base and other attributes, and although numerous effects proved to be statistically significant, they wielded negligible influence in card acceptance decisions. On the other hand, being open on Sundays – a subjective variable that was used as a proxy for store ownership – had a significant negative effect on card acceptance decisions.
Survivorship Bias and Alternative Explanations of Momentum Effect

This paper provides the first detailed examination of momentum effect in Australian equity market. In contrast to previous research, we find that momentum effect has not been present in Australian market since late 1970s. We argue that previous research found strong momentum effect because they assumed perfect foresight of future delisting or acquisitions in the sampling process. In addition, we find that Fama and French three-factor model cannot explain the mean momentum returns although it can fully rationalize the returns on winners and losers portfolios. Our findings raise awareness in the literature that momentum effect is not robust to different sampling methods. We contribute an alternative explanation to momentum returns documented in existing literature. Momentum effect could be a product of look-ahead bias incurring from the sampling techniques. More importantly, we provide supports to the efficient market hypothesis at weak form.
SME financing innovation and SME development in Bangladesh: an application of ARDL

With this study, we try to explore new evidence about financial innovation in small and medium enterprises (SME) financing impact on SME development in Bangladesh from 1985 to 2016. To bring insight, we apply Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL)-bound testing approach of ascertaining the long-run relationship between financing innovation and SME development, and also investigate directional causality by applying Granger-causality under error correction model. Bound testing confirms the existence of long-run relationship between SME financing innovation and SME development in Bangladesh. Furthermore, Granger-causality test provides evidence to support feedback hypothesis between proxy indicators of financing innovation and SME development both in long-run and short-run. Furthermore, among all control variables, only trade openness confirms unidirectional causality toward SME development in short-run; on the other hand, in long-run, all the variables cause SME development at country level. The study suggests that well-functioned SME financing is a necessary condition but not sufficient to maximize the potential of SME in Bangladesh. So, the government should encourage financial institutions for bringing new ways of SME financing by ensuring cost-effective financial services with a uniform cost structure at large.
Healing Times of Diabetic Ulcers in the Presence of Fixed Deformities of the Foot Using Total Contact Casting

In a diabetic foot, ulcers can lead directly to the loss of a limb, and they may be life threatening if the patient is not provided effective intervention directed at healing. This study reports on the healing times of diabetic neuropathic plantar ulcers in the presence of fixed deformities of the foot using the ambulatory method of total contact casting (TCC). In this study, 21 subjects with chronic diabetes mellitus, plantar ulcers, and fixed deformities of the foot were put in casts, and their progress was followed until the ulcers were completely healed. Results indicated that all of the ulcers healed. The average time to healing was 67 ± 29 days. Ulcers located in the forefoot, midfoot, and rearfoot healed in an average of 35 ± 12 days, 73 ± 28 days, and 90 ± 12 days, respectively. The location of the ulcer and the presence and location of a fixed deformity of the foot strongly correlated with and was predictive of healing time using TCC. The location of the ulcers and the location of the fixed deformities of the foot should always be considered by providers of rehabilitation who treat diabetic neuropathic foot ulcers using TCC.
Importance of the Use of the Internet of Things and its Implications in the Manufacturing Industry

The research presented in this paper is a literary analysis of 91 papers of 31 different journals of world recognition from different countries (England, Poland, Spain, China, Switzerland, Netherlands); focusing on productivity improvement inside a business through Internet of Things (IoT) in the manufacturing industry. It is essential to know the implications in the use of IoT for productivity improvement because IoT is having great influence in different context, one of them is businesses. The objective of this paper is to know the implications of the use of IoT to increase productivity, focusing on security and data privacy in the manufacturing sector. Suggestions are made regarding big data, digital manufacturing, the supply chain, cybersecurity, and monitoring and control systems for implementing IoT to improve productivity in a manufacturing industry. The use of new tools and technologies for improving productivity imply that the detailed aspects for its implementation must be analyze.
Limbic grey matter changes in early Parkinson's disease

The purpose of this study was to investigate local and network‐related changes of limbic grey matter in early Parkinson's disease (PD) and their inter‐relation with non‐motor symptom severity. We applied voxel‐based morphometric methods in 538 T1 MRI images retrieved from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative website. Grey matter densities and cross‐sectional estimates of age‐related grey matter change were compared between subjects with early PD (n = 366) and age‐matched healthy controls (n = 172) within a regression model, and associations of grey matter density with symptoms were investigated. Structural brain networks were obtained using covariance analysis seeded in regions showing grey matter abnormalities in PD subject group. Patients displayed focally reduced grey matter density in the right amygdala, which was present from the earliest stages of the disease without further advance in mild‐moderate disease stages. Right amygdala grey matter density showed negative correlation with autonomic dysfunction and positive with cognitive performance in patients, but no significant interrelations were found with anxiety scores. Patients with PD also demonstrated right amygdala structural disconnection with less structural connectivity of the right amygdala with the cerebellum and thalamus but increased covariance with bilateral temporal cortices compared with controls. Age‐related grey matter change was also increased in PD preferentially in the limbic system. In conclusion, detailed brain morphometry in a large group of early PD highlights predominant limbic grey matter deficits with stronger age associations compared with controls and associated altered structural connectivity pattern. This provides in vivo evidence for early limbic grey matter pathology and structural network changes that may reflect extranigral disease spread in PD. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3566–3578, 2017. © 2017 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Credit Obtaining Challenges Faced by Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises SMEs

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are considered as powerful instrument to help in the development of a country and improve the employment and poverty base of the country specifically for the developing countries. But unfortunately there are many constraints which prevent the growth of these sectors. Among many constraints, access to financial resources is the major hindrance. The purpose of this study is to determine the challenges faced by micro, small and medium enterprises in credit obtaining such as absence of collateral, high interest rates and poor infrastructure and also it will identify what are sources of funding available to the SMEs. Data was collected using questionnaires. 28 questionnaires were circulated in Bahawalpur, Pakistan using convenience sampling technique. The major findings of the study are. Among major constraints lack of finance, biggest one is the high interest rate, which erode all the profit of the firms and gave them no advantage of having credit. Second challenge is the absence of collateral makes SMEs not to access the financial institutions like bank. Finally the study recommends some suggestions to improve the development of SMEs by urging the government to regulate the bank policies and making collateral requirements flexible. And to provide awareness to entrepreneurs about ranges of financing options.
Overlapped Fingerprints Separation Based on Adaptive Orientation Model Fitting

Overlapped fingerprints are commonly encountered in latent fingerprints lifted from crime scenes. Such overlapped fingerprints can hardly be processed by state-of-the-art fingerprint matchers. Several methods have been proposed to separate the overlapped fingerprints. However, these methods neither provide a robust separation results, nor could be generalized to most overlapped fingerprints. In this paper, we propose a novel overlapped fingerprint separation algorithm based on adaptive orientation model fitting. Different from existing methods, our algorithm estimates the initial orientation fields in a more accurate way and then separates the orientation fields for component fingerprints through an iterative correction process. Experimental results on latent overlapped fingerprints database demonstrate the advantage of our algorithm.
AIF: Not Just an Apoptosis‐Inducing Factor

Since its discovery nearly a decade ago, apoptosis‐inducing factor (AIF) has had anything but a staid and uneventful existence. AIF was originally described as a mitochondrial intermembrane protein that, after apoptosis induction, can translocate to the nucleus and trigger chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation. Over the years, an AIF‐mediated caspase‐independent cell death pathway has been defined. Rather than functioning as a general component of the cell death machinery, AIF is required for specific cell death pathways, including lethal responses to excitotoxins such as N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate and glutamate, the DNA‐alkylating agent N‐methyl‐N'‐nitro‐N‐nitroso‐guanidine, hypoxia–ischemia, or growth factor deprivation. Also, important roles of AIF in mitochondrial metabolism and redox control, and more recently in obesity and diabetes, have been discovered. Much of our knowledge has come from studies of AIF orthologs in model organisms, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and mice, which have also highlighted the importance of AIF in animal physiology and human pathology. Here, we discuss the manifold nature of AIF in cell life and death, with particular emphasis of its roles in vivo.
Corporate Governance in Germany: The Influence of Banks and Large Equity-holders

Using data on 158 large German firms, the paper analyses the two main distinctive features of the German corporate governance system - ownership concentration and the role of banks. Ownership concentration is shown to have a positive effect on firm profitability (except when the owners are public-sector bodies). However, banks do not appear to play a role in corporate governance which is distinct from their position as one of several different types of large equity-holder. The results call into question the standard view that banks are an important component of the German system of corporate governance.
Demographic variables and retail choice pattern amongst urban Nigeria consumers

The policy importance of demographic studies is yet to be fully tapped as changes in retail pattern in most cities are worth explaining. The study looked at the impact of consumer demographics variables on consumer store choice. The study analysed the difference between retail choice based on consumer sex, age, marital status, education, income amongst others. A sample of 435 consumers was randomly and clustered selected from four major commercial cities in Nigeria namely; Kano, Abuja, Lagos and Port Harcourt, while Pearson chi-square was adopted to test the hypotheses. Results indicated that there is no significant difference between retail pattern choice and sex, marital status and religion while there is a significant difference between store choice based on income, age, education and economic position of the consumer. It concluded that demographic has a great difference on the patronage and choice of retail outlet. It recommended the possibility of targeting and segmenting retail along demographic profile.