Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Pan-STARRS Moving Object Processing System

We describe the Pan-STARRS Moving Object Processing System (MOPS), a modern software package that produces automatic asteroid discoveries and identifications from catalogs of transient detections from next-generation astronomical survey telescopes. MOPS achieves >99.5% efficiency in producing orbits from a synthetic but realistic population of asteroids whose measurements were simulated for a Pan-STARRS4-class telescope. Additionally, using a nonphysical grid population, we demonstrate that MOPS can detect populations of currently unknown objects such as interstellar asteroids. MOPS has been adapted successfully to the prototype Pan-STARRS1 telescope despite differences in expected false detection rates, fill-factor loss, and relatively sparse observing cadence compared to a hypothetical Pan-STARRS4 telescope and survey. MOPS remains highly efficient at detecting objects but drops to 80% efficiency at producing orbits. This loss is primarily due to configurable MOPS processing limits that are not yet tuned for the Pan-STARRS1 mission. The core MOPS software package is the product of more than 15 person-years of software development and incorporates countless additional years of effort in third-party software to perform lower-level functions such as spatial searching or orbit determination. We describe the high-level design of MOPS and essential subcomponents, the suitability of MOPS for other survey programs, and suggest a road map for future MOPS development.
Neutrophils From Children With Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Exhibit Persistent Proinflammatory Activation Despite Long-Standing Clinically Inactive Disease

Background: Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) is a chronic childhood arthropathy with features of autoinflammation. Early inflammatory SJIA is associated with expansion and activation of neutrophils with a sepsis-like phenotype, but neutrophil phenotypes present in longstanding and clinically inactive disease (CID) are unknown. The objective of this study was to examine activated neutrophil subsets, S100 alarmin release, and gene expression signatures in children with a spectrum of SJIA disease activity. Methods: Highly-purified neutrophils were isolated using a two-step procedure of density-gradient centrifugation followed by magnetic-bead based negative selection prior to flow cytometry or cell culture to quantify S100 protein release. Whole transcriptome gene expression profiles were compared in neutrophils from children with both active SJIA and CID. Results: Patients with SJIA and active systemic features demonstrated a higher proportion of CD16+CD62Llo neutrophil population compared to controls. This neutrophil subset was not seen in patients with CID or patients with active arthritis not exhibiting systemic features. Using imaging flow cytometry, CD16+CD62Llo neutrophils from patients with active SJIA and features of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) had increased nuclear hypersegmentation compared to CD16+CD62L+ neutrophils. Serum levels of S100A8/A9 and S100A12 were strongly correlated with peripheral blood neutrophil counts. Neutrophils from active SJIA patients did not show enhanced resting S100 protein release; however, regardless of disease activity, neutrophils from SJIA patients did show enhanced S100A8/A9 release upon PMA stimulation compared to control neutrophils. Furthermore, whole transcriptome analysis of highly purified neutrophils from children with active SJIA identified 214 differentially expressed genes (DEG) compared to neutrophils from healthy controls. The most significantly upregulated gene pathway was Immune System Process, including AIM2, IL18RAP, and NLRC4. Interestingly, this gene set showed intermediate levels of expression in neutrophils from patients with long-standing CID yet persistent serum IL-18 elevation. Indeed, all patient samples regardless of disease activity demonstrated elevated inflammatory gene expression, including inflammasome components and S100A8. Conclusion: We identify features of neutrophil activation in SJIA patients with both active disease and CID, including a proinflammatory gene expression signature, reflecting persistent innate immune activation. Taken together, these studies expand understanding of neutrophil function in chronic autoinflammatory disorders such as SJIA.
Analyzing Peer Bullying of 6th, 7th, and 8th Grades Primary School Students from the Aspect of Different Variables in Erzurum Erzurum’daki İlköğretim 6., 7., 8. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Akran Zorbalığının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi

The purpose of this study is to determine the significance of the effects of students’ peer bullying on variables of academic success and disciplinary status of students at the second stage of the primary schools; and to analyze prediction degree of predictor variables of age and number of siblings regarding peer bullying. The study was conducted with the participation of students studying at 6th, 7th, and 8th grades of primary schools within city center of the Erzurum province and surrounding towns in Turkey. Data of the study were obtained through Bully and Victim Determining Scale-Child Form. The difference was found in favor of the students who are subjected to bullying. Predictor variables of age and number of siblings were found to predict peer bullying scores of students at a significant level.
SEU evaluation of SRAM memories for space applications

SEU cross-sections were obtained for three different SRAM memories. The 1 Mbit White Electronics WMS128k8, the 256 kbit Austin MT5C2564 and the 256 kbit Austin MT5C2568 SRAMs were tested. The SEU thresholds, respectively were 1 MeV cm/sup 2//mg, 1.4 MeV cm/sup 2//mg, and 1.8 MeV cm/sup 2//mg. SEL thresholds were also obtained. These were 37 MeV cm/sup 2//mg, 37 MeV cm/sup 2//mg and 59 MeV cm/sup 2//mg, respectively.
Magnetic tower outflows from a radial wire array Z-pinch

We present the first results of high energy density laboratory astrophysics experiments which explore the evolution of collimated outflows and jets driven by a toroidal magnetic field. The experiments are scalable to astrophysical flows in that critical dimensionless numbers such as the Mach number, the plasma β and the magnetic Reynolds number are all in the astrophysically appropriate ranges. Our experiments use the MAGPIE pulsed power machine and allow us to explore the role of magnetic pressure in creating and collimating the outflow as well as showing the creation of a central jet within the broader outflow cavity. We show that currents flow along this jet and we observe its collimation to be enhanced by the additional hoop stresses associated with the generated toroidal field. Although at later times the jet column is observed to go unstable, the jet retains its collimation. We also present simulations of the magnetic jet evolution using our two-dimensional resistive magnetohydrodynamic laboratory code. We conclude with a discussion of the astrophysical relevance of the experiments and of the stability properties of the jet.
Characterization of Rainwater Drainage Infrastructure in the City of Lomé (Togo, West Africa)

Despite Togo government’s efforts to maintain and expand its storm drainage networks, urban flood disasters remain recurrent. Beyond Shallow zones occupation for construction and climatic causes, it is essential to circumscribe the determinants linked to infrastructure. Based on the inventory and characterization of rainwater drainage infrastructure, this study is a contribution to the reduction of flood risk in the city of Lome in Togo. Surveys were conducted on rainwater drainage works of the 172 paved roads in Lome. A sample of each network group is selected by considering the areas of recurring hazards and broadest catchment areas in the city for the evaluation of their structural and functional states according to the readapted VIZIR method. The relationship between these two states was computed using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). This study reveals notable insufficiencies in rainwater drainage management in the city, expressed by the existence of roads built without drains, gutters without outlets, and open gutters and makeshift trenches built by the population. Functionally and structurally, almost all the structures are constructed of reinforced concrete. The most cracked are the mainly open pit (92.02%) works of the lagoon complex. The retention basin network includes 36 retention ponds 18 of which are interconnected, 11 drained by gravity and 4 by pumping. The latter are inherently hazardous insofar as pumping energy is not guaranteed. The MCA has shown that the network of piping related to the retention ponds are in similar conditions, and that generally, the closed gutters are not cracked while the open gutters are cracked.
Prediction of Seedling Emergence and Early Growth of Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus juncoides under Elevated Temperature

This experiment was conducted to investigate seedling emergence and early growth of Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus juncoides in the controlled-environment chamber maintained at different temperatures. Non-linear regression analyses of observed data against effective accumulated temperature (EAT) with the Gompertz and logistic models showed that the Gompertz and logistic models worked well in describing seedling emergence and early growth of both weed species, respectively, regardless of temperature. EATs required for 50% of the maximum seedling emergence and the maximum leaf number of M. vaginalis were estimated to be 69.3 and 131℃, respectively, while those of S. juncoides were 94.8 and 137℃, respectively. Models developed in this study thus were used to predict seedling emergence and early growth under elevated temperature condition. If rotary tillage with water is made on 27 May under +3℃ elevated temperature condition, dates for 50% of the maximum seedling emergence and 4 leaf stage were predicted to be 1 June and 15 June for M. vaginalis and 3 June and 14 June for S. juncoides, respectively. As compared with current temperature, these dates are 1-2 days earlier for the seedling emergence and 3 days earlier for the early growth, suggesting that earlier application of herbicides is required for effective control of M. vaginalis and S. juncoides under elevated temperature condition in the future.
Firm Diversification and CEO Compensation: Managerial Ability or Executive Entrenchment?

Data for a sample of 558 CEOs over 1985-1990 suggest substantial compensation premia for managers of diversified firms. The CEO of a firm with two distinct lines of business averages 10 to 12 percent more in salary and bonus and 13 to 17 percent more in total compensation than the CEO of a similar-sized but undiversified firm, all else equal. This corresponds to average 1990 salary gains of $115,000 to $145,000 per year for our sample. Diversification may raise pay because the CEO's job requires higher ability or because it is associated with CEO entrenchment. If ability explains the correlation, we would expect the diversification premium to be invariant to tenure. Entrenchment models suggest higher premia for more experienced (more entrenched) CEOs, and an increase in compensation when the CEO diversifies the firm. The data support an ability model over an entrenchment explanation. The diversification premium is unaffected by tenure, and increasing diversification reduces compensation for incumbent CEOs, all else equal.
Juvenile survival and population regulation of the Jackson elk herd

Elk (Cerous elaphus nelsoni) that summer in Grand Teton National Park (GTNP) are part of the migratory Jackson Elk Herd. They are fed in winter on the National Elk Refuge (NER) and have been hunted in portions of GTNP since 1950 to control population size. However, the number of elk in the Jackson Elk Herd has grown from about 8,000 in 1984 to >16,000 in 1997. We captured and radiocollared 164 newborn calves during 1990-92 to quantify juvenile mortality and its role in regulating the Jackson Elk Herd. Elk captured in GTNP (5.9 elk/km 2 ) and on adjacent national forest lands of lower elk densities (2.4 elk/km 2 ) were radiomonitored through May 1994. Mortality of calves was similar during summer (15.2%), fall (15.3%), and winter (16.5%) 1990-92. Most deaths resulted from predation, hunting, and winter mortality associated with increased precipitation, duration of winter, and epizootic disease. Survival of calves supplementally fed in winter exceeded survival of calves not fed (P = 0.039). All but 1 of 16 deaths of elk ≥1 year old (n = 122) resulted from hunting. Early-born calves experienced higher winter survival (P = 0.02) than late-born calves. Annual calf survival (x = 0.579) was inversely related to birth date (P 0.47). Because much of the variation in juvenile survival was density independent, we recommend management that reduces the dependence of elk on supplemental feed and increases harvests of female elk.
The Effect of Group-Discussion on the Nurses' Performance in Recognizing Patients' Rights

Received: 14-09-2015, Accepted 26-10-2015, Available Online 15-01-2016 1Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 2Road traffic injuries Prevention and Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran 3Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 4Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences *Corresponding Author: Zeynab Qasemiyan Khojaste E-mail: namdarh@tbzmed.ac. ir The Effect of Group-Discussion on the Nurses' Performance in Recognizing Patients' Rights
Creep of snow and ice

Abstract : Constant load creep tests in uniaxial unconfined compression were performed on samples of sintered snow and bubbly polycrystalline ice. Nominal axial stresses were in the range 0.1 to 1.0 kgf/sq cm for snow, and 0.5 to 20 kgf/sq cm for ice. The range of temperatures investigated was from -0.5 to -34.5C. Assuming creep to follow the Arrhenius relation, values of apparent activation energy for secondary creep under a nominal axial stress of 0.5 kgf/sq cm varied from 10.7 kcal/mole for ice of density 0.83 g/cu cm to 17.8 kcal/mole for snow of density 0.44 g/cu cm. The dependence of strain rate epsilon on stress sigma for polycrystalline ice subjected to stresses in the range 0.5 to 20 kgf/sq cm at temperatures of -4 and -10C could best be described by a relation of the form epsilon = C sub 1 sigma + C sub 2 sigma to the 3.5 power where C sub 1 and C sub 2 are constants for a given ice type. It is suggested that the creep of polycrystalline ice depends on at least two distinct mechanisms in the stress range studied. If each mechanism has its own characteristic activation energy, the apparent activation energy measured in creep experiments may well vary with stress level. In snow subjected to a given nominal stress, such an effect should be reflected in variation of apparent activation energy with bulk density. (Author)
GENETIC DIVERSITY IN RADISH GERMPLASM FOR MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS AND SEED STORAGE PROTEINS

Genetic variation of forty-nine local and exotic radish genotypes including two checks was studied for morphological traits and seed storage protein electrophoresis using sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) markers. A high variation in germplasm for root shape, root length, root colour (internal and external), flesh texture and root type was observed. Among these genotypes, the genetic variation was apparent for most of the characters like plant biomass, root weight, leaf length, root length and root diameter that indicated the potential for crop improvement in these traits through simple selection. Exotic germplasm exhibited higher variation for plant biomass, root weight and root length which could be utilized through breeding programme. Cluster analysis on the basis of genetic diversity for seven quantitative traits resulted into four clusters. No clustering was found on the basis of origin. Low level of variance was observed for SDS-PAGE electrophoresis that suggested acquisition of more germplasm. On the basis of high yield and crispy root texture some genotypes (10076, 10362, 10429, 10658, 10662 and 10667) were identified for further testing under wide range of agro-ecological conditions.
GRAIN LEGUMES, RAPESEED MEAL AND OIL SEEDS FOR WEANED PIGLETS AND GROWING/FINISHING PIGS.

The maximum inclusion rates of grain legumes, rapeseed meal and oil seeds in wheat-soybean meal basal diets have been studied at the ITP experimental unit in Villefranche de Rouergue (France) in several experiments using piglets or pigs. Rapeseed meal and peas can be used respectively in the diets of the second period of post-weaning (after 12 kg – phase 2) at rates of 15 and 35 %, a nd in growing-finishing feeds at rates of 18 % and 40 %. Their association allows to reduce the soybean meal to 2 % and 0 % of growing and finishing diets containing respectively 32 and 35 % of peas, 15 and 18 % of rapeseed meal. Maximum rates of 10 % of white (Lupinus albus) or blue (Lupinus angustifolius) sweet lupins in phase 2 diets seem advisable. The inclusion in phase 2 diets of 7 % of full-fat rapeseeds or sunflower seeds, or 15 % processed whole soybeans or 3 % rapeseed oil give similar weight gain and feed efficiency. The use of 8 % of oleic acid-rich sunflower seeds after 65kg body weight has no negative effect on carcass fat quality whereas 4 % of ordinary sunflower seeds have.
Quantifying the source of enhancement in experimental continuous variable quantum illumination

A quantum illumination protocol exploits correlated light beams to enhance the probability of detection of a partially reflecting object lying in a very noisy background. Recently a simple photon-number-detection-based implementation of a quantum illumination-like scheme was provided in Phys. Rev. Lett.101, 153603 (2013), where the enhancement was preserved despite the loss of nonclassicality. In the present paper, we investigate the source for quantum advantage in that realization. We introduce an effective two-mode description of the light sources and analyze the mutual information (MI) as a quantifier of total correlations in the effective two-mode picture. In the relevant regime of a highly thermalized background, we find that the improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio achieved by the entangled sources over the unentangled thermal ones amounts exactly to the ratio of the effective MIs of the corresponding sources. More precisely, both quantities tend to a common limit specified by the squared ratio of the respective cross correlations. A thorough analysis of the experimental data confirms this theoretical result.
An Analysis of Errors Caused by Omani EFL Learners in Pronouncing Certain Consonant Sounds

Omani EFL learners face various problems in learning different skills such as reading, writing, grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation. In particular, it is very difficult for Omani EFL learners to pronounce certain consonant sounds correctly. For instance, the sound /p/ of the English language do not have similar sound in the phonemic system of the Arabic language, so it is not easily recognised by Omani students. This sound is always replaced by /b/, a sound in the Arabic phonemic system. Similar case is observed with the sound /ʧ/, /v/ and /g/, which do not have similar sounds in the Arabic consonantal system. Consequently, these are often replaced by the sound /ʃ/, /f/ and /ʤ/ respectively. The absence of one sound of a language phonemic system from another phonemic system of another language creates problem to learners. Hence, the purpose of this study is to examine the difficulties experienced by Omani EFL learners in pronouncing certain English consonant sounds. The study also provides a theoretical description of first language interference which affects Omani ESL learners’ pronunciation of /p/ and /ʧ/ consonant sounds in words in isolation for three positions – initial, middle and final. Quantitative research methodology was employed, with the use of a diagnostic test to assess students’ pronunciation on certain consonant sounds. A questionnaire was also utilized to gather information from the teachers pertaining to students’ difficulties in pronouncing certain consonant sounds. The study is significant as it offers a practical outcome where teachers will be able to use suitable pedagogical approaches in handling this problem in Omani EFL classes.
Disability-Related Factors and Perceived Stigma: A Closer Examination of Suicidality in Individuals with Physical Disabilities

DISABILITY-RELATED FACTORS AND PERCEIVED STIGMA: A CLOSER EXAMINATION OF SUCIIDALITY IN INDIVIDUALS WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES by Lauren Rachel Khazem August 2018 Previous research has indicated an association between physical disability and suicidal ideation. However, the mechanisms contributing to the development of suicidal ideation in this population have remained largely unstudied within an empirically supported theoretical framework. The current study expands upon previous research by examining the relationship between different facets of physical disability and suicidal ideation intensity through the indirect effect of perceived stigmatization and interactions with mental states described within the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide, namely perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Furthermore, this research aims to examine these potential relationships in a nonclinical sample of adults with physical disabilities ranging in type and severity. It was anticipated that the severity of individuals’ physical disabilities and the perceived visibility of their physical disabilities would independently exhibit an indirect effect on suicidal ideation intensity through individuals’ perceived stigmatization related to their physical disabilities. Furthermore, it was hypothesized that this relationship would be strongest when feelings of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness were jointly present. Participants in the study were 20 individuals with various physical disabilities from 2 metropolitan areas in the Southeastern United States who were recruited through various methods, including online and printed advertisements. Overall, the results did not support hypotheses. Implications of this research are discussed in detail. This research represents a preliminary step in understanding mechanisms prompting the development of suicidal ideation in individuals with physical disabilities. Future research should aim to clarify the relationship between various facets of physical disability and suicidal ideation.