Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nuclear medicine imaging of lung cancer and esophagus cancer

Background: Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) occur in cancer tissue, and Tc-depreotide is a labelled somatostatin receptor analogue, binding to SSTRs subtype 2, 3, and 5. Purpose: The general aim of the present thesis was to study somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SSTRS) with Tc-depreotide in the diagnosis and characterization of cancers in the lung and oesophagus. Study I evaluated the diagnostic value of the SSTRS with Tc-depreotide in 99 patients with suspected lung cancer. The sensitivity to detect malignancy was 94%, and to detect lung cancer 98%. The specificity was calculated on two sets of data. When all cases are used, the specificity was 52%. If the 12 pneumonias are excluded, the specificity was 77%. Study II was performed on 19 patients with histologically proven non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), where the expression of SSTR subtype 2 was looked for and found by immunochemical methods. The quantitative evaluation of Tc-depreotide was performed using region-of-interest analysis and includes tumour counts/cm, background counts/cm, and the ratio between tumour and background counts. SSTR subtype 2 expression was positively correlated to the degree of the tumour’s differentiation (p < 0.05). Tc-depreotide uptake in tumour cells did not correlate with tumour grade or SSTR subtype 2, MIB-1, or p53 expression. Study III showed the feasibility of imaging oesophageal carcinoma with SSTRS with Tcdepreotide and optimal time intervals for imaging. None of the 13 cancer-free Barrett’s oesophagus patients in this study showed an increased Tc-depreotide uptake. Study IV investigated the expression of SSTRs of subtype 2A, 2B, 3, and 5 in 28 patients with suspected oesophageal cancer, where expression was detected in small amount in adenocarcinoma and was absent in squamous cell carcinoma. There was no correlation between the Tc-depreotide uptake and the amount of SSTRs, and no correlation between the amount of SSTRs and the differentiation grade of the tumour. Conclusion: SSTRS with the labeled somatostatin receptor analogue Tc-depreotide has a very high sensitivity for detecting lung cancer. A negative scintigraphy strongly suggests a benign lesion, and the method is useful in decision making with respect to surgery. There is an expression of SSTRS subtype 2 in NSCLC with a positive correlation between tumour differentiation and presence of SSTR subtype 2. There is no correlation between Tc-depreotide uptake compared to tumour differentiation, presence of SSTR subtype 2, p53, or MIB-1, and SSTRS cannot be used as a prognostic factor in patients with lung cancer. SSTRS with Tc-depreotide of oesophageal cancer is feasible, but not suitable, for either screening or primary diagnosis, because of the method’s modest sensitivity. However, this method has a high specificity. The majority of patients with adenocancer of the oesophagus have a low amount of SSTRs, while most of the patients with squamous cell cancer do not have any of SSTRs. © Gunnar Herlin, 2011 ISBN 978-91-7457-403-6
The Effectiveness of Happiness Training on Improving the Quality of Life of Women in Pars Special Economic Zone Staffs Based on Their Religious Attitudes

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Fordeys Happiness Training on improving the quality of life of women in Pars Special Economic Zone employees according to their religious attitude. Methodology : The research method is semi-experimental with two groups testing using pretest and post-test. The statistical population of this research was all the women who were in the staff of the Pars Special Economic Zone, who, due to the diversity of the community, examined a special block. The number of female housewives in this block was 280, of which 80 were selected through Cochran's formula by simple random sampling and randomly divided into two equal experimental and control groups. After conducting a pre-test of quality of life and religious attitude that based on the results of both test and control groups divided into two strong and weak religious groups, the Happiness Program was performed for 14 sessions of 2 hours for the experimental group and then the test Quality of life was taken from both groups. Findings : Findings show that there is a significant relationship between happiness education and quality of life of women and their religious attitudes. This means that there is a significant difference between the strong and weak religious attitudes group and people with strong religious attitudes have a better quality of life with physical, psychological, social and environmental components than those with a weak religious attitude. Discussion: Happiness is one of the most important human needs, which has a major impact on the formation of personality and mental health.
Social Workers' Perspectives of Psychotropic Drug Use on Children and Adolescents

Every year in the United States more children are receiving psychotropic medication to deal with mood and behavior interruptions. In fact, more children in the United States are being prescribed these medications than any other country in the world. Even though the long-term consequences of these medications are yet unknown, medical professionals are still prescribing them to children, an age demographic they were not originally approved for, and for longer periods of time than intended. The purpose of this study was to explore social workers’ attitudes about the use of psychotropic drugs on children and adolescents, paying particular attention to the influence past legislation has had on prescription increases, social workers’ perceptions of the harms and benefits associated with medicating youth, and their identified theoretical orientations. Using a quantitative design, 43 social workers registered with the Minnesota Board of Social Workers completed the survey which consisted of eight general information questions and 14 questions from the Social Workers’ General Attitudes about Use of Psychotropic Medication with Youths scale created by Moses and Kirk (2006). Data was analyzed using SPSS to find univariate descriptive and bivariate inferential statistics. The findings from this study were consistent with current research, that social workers view psychotropic drug use on children and adolescents as both beneficial and harmful and helpful, but not necessary. However, unlike existing research, this study lacked a statistically significant relationship between social workers’ theoretical orientation and their attitudes toward medicating youth. This study calls for more extensive research on child psychopharmacology and more attention and emphasis on psychopharmacology in social work educational settings. PERSPECTIVES OF PSYCHOTROPIC DRUG USE 3
Synbiotic for Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Introduction Antibiotic- associated diarrhea is a common problem in pediatric population. There is growing interest in probiotics, probiotics and synbiotics for prevention of this complication because of their worldwide availability as dietary supplements. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a synbiotic mixture in prevention of antibiotic- associated diarrhea. Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 218 patients ( 111 in the synbiotic and 107 in the placebo group) aged 6 months to 14 years with respiratory tract infection and/ or otitis media who needed antibiotic treatment in outpatient setting, were enrolled. They received 1 billion Colony Forming Unit of seven probiotics species plus Fructooligosaccharide in form of powder or placebo ( matched for size, shape, and volume) for 7 days. Amoxicillin, Amoxicillin-clavalanic acid, cefixim and Azithromicin were the most common drugs used by physcicians Mothers recorded stool frequency and consistency daily for 7 days. Results: We found no significant difference (P>0.05) in occurrence of diarrhea between synbiotic and placebo groups. Conclusion: This synbiotic mixture did not appear to reduce antibiotic- associated diarrhea in children. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential benefits of Synbiotics in prevention of this disease.
Personal experiences of dementia and care : the views of people with dementia and their relatives.

This study examined the possibilities of empowering people of a range of severity of dementia, by eliciting accurate views and feelings from them about services and including them in service evaluation. The study was underpinned by a four tier empowerment framework, which incorporated issues relating to the individual, the organisation, the service user and society. An ethnographic approach to data collection and analysis was employed. Twenty-seven people with dementia from Jewish Care residential and day care settings were interviewed and their daily lives videotaped and observed and interviews conducted with next of kin. Efforts were made to empower and involve participants in the research process as far as possible. Triangulation of interview, video and observational data reveal that with appropriate methods and skills it is possible to elicit accurate information from people in various stages of dementia, and thereby involve them in service evaluation. A number of techniques for communication are highlighted. Findings also show that although relatives' views are frequently taken as proxy for those of people with dementia, they may lack knowledge about services and the perceptions of people with dementia. In residential care their views differed considerably to those of people with dementia, suggesting that is important to consult with the person with dementia themselves. The data suggest that the experience of dementia was disempowering for both people with dementia and their relatives. In addition, although day care services were perceived more positively, people with dementia were disempowered by a lack of influence, control, communication and social aspects of care in residential settings and relatives by a lack of support and information in the community. Although participants were of Jewish origin and from Jewish settings only, it is considered that the results are more widely applicable to other groups of people in other settings. A number of recommendations are made about creating a more empowering workforce and environment and a model of empowerment for dementia research and practice is outlined.
ISODATA, A NOVEL METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS AND PATTERN CLASSIFICATION

Abstract : ISODATA, a novel method of data analysis and pattern classification, is described in verbal and pictorial terms, in terms of a two-dimensional example, and by giving the mathematical calculations that the method uses. The technique clusters many-variable data around points in the data's original high- dimensional space and by doing so provides a useful description of the data. A brief summary of results from analyzing alphanumeric, gaussian, sociological and meteorological data is given. In the appendix, generalizations of the existing technique to clustering around lines and planes are discussed and a tentative algorithm for clustering around lines is given.
How to Conduct Self-Administered and Mail Surveys

'The authors discuss self-administered questionnaires, the content and format of the questionnaire, 'user-friendly' questionnaires and response categories, and survey implementation. They offer excellent checklists for deciding whether or not to use a mail questionnaire, for constructing questions and response categories, for minimizing bias, for writing questionnaire specifications, for formatting and finalizing questionnaires, and for motivating respondents and writing cover letters' - Peter Hernon, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, Simmons College. How do you decide whether a self-administered questionnaire is appropriate for your research question? This book provides readers with an answer to this question while giving them all the basic tools needed for conducting a self-administered or mail survey. Updated to include data from the 2000 Census, the authors show how to: develop questions and format a user-friendly questionnaire; pretest, pilot test, and revise questionnaires; and, write advance and cover letters that help motivate and increase response rates. They describe how to: track and time follow-ups to non-respondents; estimate personnel requirements; and, determine the costs of a self-administered or mailed survey. They also demonstrate how to: process, edit, and code questionnaires; keep records; and, fully document how the questionnaire was developed and administered; and, show how the data collected is related to the questionnaire. New to this edition is expanded coverage on Web-based questionnaires, and literacy and language issues.
Efficacy of a New Navel Dip to Prevent Umbilical Infection in Dairy Calves

A field study, controlled at the farm level, was conducted utilizing 495 newborn calves in 13 commercial Wisconson dairy herds to evaluate the use of a new umbilical disinfectant dip (Navel Guard (NG), Sirius Chemical Group, McDonough, GA) to prevent umbilical infections (omphalitis) as compared to 1) not dipping the umbilicus at birth, 2) dipping the umbilicus with 7% tincture of iodine, or 3) dipping the umbilicus with solutions containing a lower concentration (0.5 to 2%) of iodine.
Effects of Multisensory Training on Balance and Gait in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Purpose: Progressive deterioration of physical function occurs in persons with Type 2 diabetes and peripheral neuropathy. This study assessed the effects of multisensory training on balance and gait in persons with diabetic neuropathies. Method: Thirty two persons with peripheral neuropathies were enrolled, randomised, and subdivided into 2 groups - an experimental group of 16 participants with diabetes (65 ± 2.12 years) and a control group of 16 participants with diabetes (68 ± 2.17 years). For 6 weeks, both groups were given health education on diabetes for 30 minutes a week. In addition, the experimental group practised a multisensory exercise programme for 30 minutes, 3 times a week over 6 weeks. Outcome measures used were ‘timed up and go’ test for assessing balance and ‘6-minute walk’ test for gait. Standard descriptive statistics were used to report means, standard deviation, and range for baseline characteristics. Paired and unpaired ‘t-tests’ were used wherever necessary, to determine significant differences in data among groups and between pre-test and post-test scores (p<0.05). Results: By the end of the trial period, the intervention group showed a significant improvement in scores of the ‘timed up and go’ test (t= 14.7092), but there was no statistically significant difference in the ‘6-minute walk’ test scores (p=0.7206, t= 0.3644). There was no difference for both measures in the control group. Conclusion: The study showed that multisensory exercises could improve balance in persons with Type 2 diabetes and peripheral neuropathy. The findings suggest that along with physiological sensory factors, cognitive-behavioural factors and strengthening of the lower limb muscles should be considered when treating diabetic persons with gait alterations. doi 10.5463/DCID.v24i1. 206
Danforth's Obstetrics and Gynecology

Prenatal Care Normal Labor, Delivery, Newborn Care and Puerperium Obstetric Analgesia and Anesthesia Early Pregnancy Loss Ectopic Pregnancy Genetics in Obstetrics and Gynecology Prenatal Diagnosis Drugs in Pregnancy Ultrasound in Obstetrics Assessment of Fetal Well Being Preterm Labor and Post Term Delivery Premature Rupture of the Membranes Intrauterine Growth Restriction Multiple Gestation Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Medical and Surgical Complications of Pregnancy Immunologic Disorders in Pregnancy Obstetric and Perinatal Infections Human Immunodeficiency Virus Placenta Previa and Abruption Breech, Other Malpresentations, and Umbilical Cord Complications Stillbirth and Intrauterine Fetal Demise Complications of Labor Complications of Delivery Operative Vaginal Delivery Cesarean Delivery Psychological Disorders of Pregnancy and the Post Partum Office Gynecology and Surgical Procedures Gynecologic Ultrasound Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology Contraception Induced Abortion Pelvic Infections Including Sexually Transmitted Infections Benign Vulvovaginal Disorders Amenorrhea Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Premenstrual Syndrome Androgen Excess Disorders Infertility Endometriosis Menopause Women's Sexuality and Sexual Dysfunction Chronic Pelvic Pain Perioperative Evaluation Laparoscopic Surgery Hysteroscopic Surgery Epidemiology, Pathophysiology and Evaluation of Pelvic Organ Support Operative Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse Non-Surgical Treatment of Pelvic Organ Prolapse Female Urinary Incontinence: Epidemiology and Evaluation Operative Management of Urinary Incontinence Non-Surgical Management of Urinary Incontinence and Overactive Bladder Fecal Incontinence and Defecation Disorders Leiomyomata Disorders of the Breast Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer Cervical Cancer HPV and the Management of the Abnormal Pap Test Uterine Cancer Ovarian and Tubal Cancers Management of the Adnexal Mass Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasms The Special Approach to Solving the Professions Liability Crisis, Improving Patient Safety and Preventing Medical Errors Appendix: Evidence Based Approach to Obstetrics and Gynecology
Screencast Feedback for Essays on a Distance Learning MA in Professional Communication

This action research explored the potential of audio-visual screencasting for assignment feedback on a distance learning (DL) course. A screencast is a combination of voice recording and screen capture, which can be played in any browser, like a video. Here it is used to capture a tutor’s editing and highlighting activities in a document, whilst simultaneously recording spoken feedback. Research suggests that audio-visual feedback may resolve some of the current problems with written feedback. A pilot study is reported which trialled screencasting for essay feedback on a master's level DL module at Sheffield Hallam University. Fourteen students participated and were randomly divided between two groups to receive either written or screencast feedback first. After receiving the first feedback type, students completed a short questionnaire online. The second type of feedback was then distributed to the students, who completed the same questionnaire for the second type of feedback. The results suggest that feedback is received more positively in the richer media of audio-visual screencasting and that this may encourage emotions more conducive to receiving and processing feedback and help to socialise students within the learning context by giving them a sense of belonging to the community. Simultaneous visual cues and explanations appear to help with understanding, and it is quicker to capture screencasts than it is to write feedback. However, preferences for written feedback were related to the holistic overview of a document, which could be scanned and revisited, and which was not confined to a linear delivery, nor time-limited. Audio-visual screencasting will therefore only be adopted for formative feedback during modules, and will be structured with spoken overviews.
Using Adult Learning Principles in Adult Basic and Literacy Education. Practice Application Brief.

Adult basic and literacy education (ABLE) is a complex undertaking that serves diverse learners with a variety of needs, and many individual ABLE programs successfully attract and retrain students. Only 8 percent of eligible adults participate in funded programs, however, and, of those who do, most (74 percent) leave during the first year (Quigley 1997). A number of reasons exist for the nonparticipation and high attrition rates, including the complicated nature of the lives of many adults. The way ABLE programs are structured may also be a factor. The fact that most ABLE programs still resemble school (Quigley 1997; Velazquez 1996) may mean that many eligible adults may not choose to participate or, once enrolled, do not find a compelling reason for persisting until their educational needs are met. Structuring programs around adult education principles can be one solution to developing programs that are more appealing to ABLE learners. This Practice Application Brief describes how adult education principles can be used in ABLE programs. Following a discussion of adult education principles, it provides recommendations for practices, based on the principles and literature related to adult basic and literacy education.
A corpus-based study of connectors and thematic progression in the academic writing of Thai EFL students

The objective of the current study is to compare how Thai EFL writers develop and express their oppositional ideas in arguments and to compare their use of oppositional connectors in arguments to those of published scholars in the field of health science. An investigation of thematic progression pattern was conducted to examine whether a certain connector frequently occurs in a particular type of thematic progression. Classifications of oppositional meaning categories (Izutsu, 2008) and thematic progression patterns (Danes, 1974) were incorporated as the framework of study. For the purpose of the analysis, two substantial large corpora, the Mahidol University Learner Corpus (MULC, 4.5 million words) and the Scholar Corpus of Health Science (SCHS, 2 million words) were developed by the researcher. Five hundred segments from each corpus (a total of 1,000 segments, approximately 1,000,000 words), containing oppositional connectors and thematic progression, written by 50 Thai EFL graduate students and 50 scholars in health sciences were analyzed as sample texts. Coding schemes for the analysis were validated and achieved absolute agreement between inter-raters. The British National Corpus (BNC) was used as a referent corpus in a pilot trial while the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) was referenced in the actual analysis. One-way, two-way and three-way ANOVAs, and the Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM) corpus tool, which provides chi-square statistics, were used for data analyses. Findings revealed that both groups of writers preferred to use concessive connectors to express their oppositional ideas and to use derived thematic progression pattern to organize their texts (ps < .001). Additionally, no major differences were found in the use of concessive connectors, the accuracy in how these connectors were used showed student writers did not use concessive ideas in the same way as scholars and, at times, students used them inaccurately. Important findings of differences in the use of oppositional connectors and thematic progression patterns are discussed from the perspectives of cognitive linguistics, cultural influences, and EFL academic writing teaching and instruction. The current study also provides evidence-based recommendations for EFL academic writing curriculum and instructional development.