Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a dose-limiting toxicity of chemotherapy that often develops in response to administration of various drugs, including, molecularly targeted therapeutic agents (bortezomib), taxanes (paclitaxel, docetaxel), platinum compounds, platinum-containing drugs (cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin), vinca alkaloids (vincristine), thalidomide, lenalidomide, and epothilones (ixabepilone) (Kannarkat et al., 2007; Ocean et al., 2004; Park et al.,2008; Walker et al., 2007; Windebank et al., 2008; Wolf et al., 2008). It has been postulated that CIPN may represent the initial stage in the development of neuropathic pain. Although the symptoms of CIPN are diverse, the condition consistently reduces patient quality of life (QOL). Unfortunately, effective strategies for preventing or treating CIPN remain elusive. To identify significant predictors for CIPN which would contribute to improving QOL among chemotherapy patients, we conducted a study, entitled, "Statistical identification of predictors for peripheral neuropathy associated with administration of bortezomib, taxanes, oxaliplatin or vincristine using ordered logistic regression analysis" (Kanbayashi et al., 2010). In this review, we will discuss the predictors for CIPN and review other studies.
A Comparison the Role of Vision System on Dynamic Postural Stability on Young Women and Men Elite Athletes

Background and Aim: Regard with the importance of balance in daily activities especially in sport activities and understanding the important factor affecting it, the purpose of this study was to compare the role of vision system on dynamic postural stability of young women with men elite athletes. Materials and Methods: Twenty six young women and men elite swimmer were chosen from the available society. They were divided in two groups according to body mass index. Each subject performed postural stability tests for 6 trials with open and close eyes (3 trials with open and 3 trial with close eyes) that each trial was taken for 30 seconds and with 10 seconds rest between each of them. Balance index in anteriorposterior and mediallateral directions were calculated and independent t test was used to compare between groups. Result: Results show that men swimmer are more depended to vision than women swimmer in maintaining retrieval postural stability (p= 0.001), while most impairment in maintaining postural stability in both groups occur in lack of vision status in anteriorposterior direction (p= 0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study can be used to design training programs to prepare athletes.
Biolimus-A9 polymer-free coated stent in high bleeding risk patients with acute coronary syndrome: a Leaders Free ACS sub-study

Aims Although a true clinical challenge, high bleeding risk patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have never been specifically studied. Leaders Free ACS, a pre-specified Leaders Free sub-study, determined efficacy, and safety of a combination of 1-month dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT) with implantation of either a polymer-free Biolimus-A9-coated stent (BA9-DCS) or a bare-metal stent (BMS) in these patients. Methods and results Leaders Free included 2466 patients undergoing PCI who had at least 1 of 13 pre-defined factors for an increased bleeding risk. Of these, 659 ACS patients were included in this analysis (BA9-DCS 330, BMS 329). At 12-month follow-up, treatment with the BA9-DCS was more effective (clinically driven target-lesion revascularization 3.9 vs. 9.0%, P = 0.009) and safer (cumulative incidence of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or definite or probable stent thrombosis 9.3 vs. 18.5%, P = 0.001), driven by significantly lower rates of cardiac mortality (3.4 vs. 6.9%, P = 0.049) and myocardial infarction (6.9 vs. 13.8%, P = 0.005). Conclusion We believe that the results of this sub-analysis from the Leaders Free trial are likely to significantly impact clinical practice for high bleeding risk patients presenting with an ACS: the use of a BMS can, in our view, no longer be recommended, and, given the paucity of available data for second-generation DES with shortened DAPT in these patients, the BA9-DCS should currently be considered as the device with the strongest evidence to support its use for this indication.
2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS.

Authors/Task Force Members: Paulus Kirchhof (Chairperson) (UK/Germany), * Stefano Benussi* (Co-Chairperson) (Switzerland), Dipak Kotecha (UK), Anders Ahlsson (Sweden), Dan Atar (Norway), Barbara Casadei (UK), Manuel Castella (Spain), Hans-Christoph Diener (Germany), Hein Heidbuchel (Belgium), Jeroen Hendriks (The Netherlands), Gerhard Hindricks (Germany), Antonis S. Manolis (Greece), Jonas Oldgren (Sweden), Bogdan Alexandru Popescu (Romania), Ulrich Schotten (The Netherlands), Bart Van Putte (The Netherlands), and Panagiotis Vardas (Greece)
Airtraq ile Macintosh Laringoskopların Deneyimli ve Deneyimsiz Anestezi Asistanlarınca Entübasyon Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması

Objective: We aimed to compare the performance of Airtraq and Macintosh laryngoscopes with experienced and inexperienced assistant in anesthesiology. Material and Methods: ASA I-II, 200 patients scheduled for elective surgery between 20 and 55 ages were included in the study and they were divided randomly into 4 groups. Patients in Group I (n= 50) were intubated with Airtraq by experienced assistants, in Group II (n= 50) were intubated with Airtraq by inexperienced assistants, in Group III (n= 50) were intubated with Macintosh by experienced assistants, and in Group IV (n= 50) were intubated with Macintosh by inexperienced assistants. The time of insertion of blade in mouth, view of the larynx, the placement of the tracheal tube and the total intubation was collected by independent observer. The success rate of intubation, intubation difficulty score, users’ performance score and the observed complications were also recorded. Results: When compared with other groups, in Group II, the time of view of the larynx [2,81 (3,0)], and the placement of the tracheal tube [2,86 (3,0)] were defined short and statistically significant (p< 0.05), in Group I, intubation difficulty scores decreased and also statistically significant (p< 0.05). The Airtraq significantly reduced intubation difficulty scores (0.14 ± 0.35; 0.46 ± 0.67) and total time of intubation [12,44 (11,5); 12,22 (10,0)], and also increased the users’ performance scores (%86, %72), compared to the Macintosh. All patients were successfully intubated on the first attempt in Group I, whereas 5 patients in Group II, 1 patient in Group III and 1 patient in Group IV were not intubated on the first attempt. No complication was observed in all groups. Conclusion: We confirmed low intubation difficulty score and high users’ performance score with either experienced or inexperienced assistants used Airtraq. So, we believe that Airtraq should be use safely as a part of the education of assistant in anesthesiology.
Large-scale community echocardiographic screening reveals a major burden of undiagnosed valvular heart disease in older people: the OxVALVE Population Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND Valvular heart disease (VHD) is expected to become more common as the population ages. However, current estimates of its natural history and prevalence are based on historical studies with potential sources of bias. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of VHD identified at recruitment of a large cohort of older people. METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 2500 individuals aged ≥65 years from a primary care population and screened for undiagnosed VHD using transthoracic echocardiography. Newly identified (predominantly mild) VHD was detected in 51% of participants. The most common abnormalities were aortic sclerosis (34%), mitral regurgitation (22%), and aortic regurgitation (15%). Aortic stenosis was present in 1.3%. The likelihood of undiagnosed VHD was two-fold higher in the two most deprived socioeconomic quintiles than in the most affluent quintile, and three-fold higher in individuals with atrial fibrillation. Clinically significant (moderate or severe) undiagnosed VHD was identified in 6.4%. In addition, 4.9% of the cohort had pre-existing VHD (a total prevalence of 11.3%). Projecting these findings using population data, we estimate that the prevalence of clinically significant VHD will double before 2050. CONCLUSIONS Previously undetected VHD affects 1 in 2 of the elderly population and is more common in lower socioeconomic classes. These unique data demonstrate the contemporary clinical and epidemiological characteristics of VHD in a large population-based cohort of older people and confirm the scale of the emerging epidemic of VHD, with widespread implications for clinicians and healthcare resources.
Drug-induced movement disorders in long-stay psychiatric patients : genetic and non-genetic risk factors : a prospective study

On the site of a psychiatric hospital a man walks with a bent back, slowly with a shaking hand. What is the matter with him? This is one of the movement disorders caused by anti-psychotics. This dissertation shows that movement disorders occur often in this patient group and that therefore prevention is crucial. The hope that the new anti-psychotics would make these horrible side-effects disappear turns out an illusion. Older age and higher anti-psychicum dose are risk factors for certain movement disorders. Analyses of earlier studies suggest multiple genetic influences. Also in additional research weak genetic signals were found that ask for larger long-term random studies, in which the fluctuating course of movement disorders and gene-environment interactions can be included.
The selective NLRP3-inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 reduces infarct size and preserves cardiac function in a pig model of myocardial infarction

Aims Myocardial infarction (MI) triggers an intense inflammatory response that is associated with infarct expansion and is detrimental for cardiac function. Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 are key players in this response and are controlled by the NLRP3-inflammasome. In the current study, we therefore hypothesized that selective inhibition of the NLRP3-inflammasome reduces infarct size and preserves cardiac function in a porcine MI model. Methods and results Thirty female landrace pigs were subjected to 75 min transluminal balloon occlusion and treated with the NLRP3-inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 (6 or 3 mg/kg) or placebo for 7 days in a randomized, blinded fashion. After 7 days, 3D-echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac function and Evans blue/TTC double staining was executed to assess the area at risk (AAR) and infarct size (IS). The IS/AAR was lower in the 6 mg/kg group (64.6 ± 8.8%, P = 0.004) and 3 mg/kg group (69.7 ± 7.2%, P = 0.038) compared with the control group (77.5 ± 6.3%). MCC950 treatment markedly preserved left ventricular ejection fraction in treated animals (6 mg/kg 47 ± 8%, P = 0.001; 3 mg/kg 45 ± 7%, P = 0.031; control 37 ± 6%). Myocardial neutrophil influx was attenuated in treated compared with non-treated animals (6 mg/kg 132 ± 72 neutrophils/mm2, P = 0.035; 3 mg/kg 207 ± 210 neutrophils/mm2, P = 0.5; control 266 ± 158 neutrophils/mm2). Myocardial IL-1β levels were dose-dependently reduced in treated animals. Conclusions NLRP3-inflammasome inhibition reduces infarct size and preserves cardiac function in a randomized, blinded translational large animal MI model. Hence, NLRP3-inflammasome inhibition may have therapeutic potential in acute MI patients.
Environmental stressors and cardio-metabolic disease: part I–epidemiologic evidence supporting a role for noise and air pollution and effects of mitigation strategies

Traffic noise and air pollution together represent the two most important environmental risk factors in urbanized societies. The first of this two-part review discusses the epidemiologic evidence in support of the existence of an association between these risk factors with cardiovascular and metabolic disease. While independent effects of these risk factors have now clearly been shown, recent studies also suggest that the two exposures may interact with each other and with traditional risk factors such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes. From a societal and policy perspective, the health effects of both air pollution and traffic noise are observed for exposures well below the thresholds currently accepted as being safe. Current gaps in knowledge, effects of intervention and their impact on cardiovascular disease, will be discussed in the last section of this review. Increased awareness of the societal burden posed by these novel risk factors and acknowledgement in traditional risk factor guidelines may intensify the efforts required for effective legislation to reduce air pollution and noise.
Methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at Jos University Teaching Hospital.

A prospective surveillance of Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was carried out at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, over a one year period. This study highlights the continuos importance of MRSA in causing both hospital and to a less extent community acquired infections. Out of the 180 consecutive isolates of S. aureus tested, 758 (43%) were found to be methicillin resistant, 81% (63 isolates) of the MRSA were from hospital in-patients while 19% (15 isolates) were from out-patients. The highest rate of methicillin resistance (81%) was found in surgical wound infections while the special care baby unity (SCBU) service recorded 4%. 85% of the MRSA were sensitive to Ofloxacilin while 46% were sensitive to peflacine. Most MRSA isolates were multiply resistant to Augumentin, centriaxone and ceftazidime, thus confirming the nosocomial nature of the isolates. Vancomycin and teicoplanin are not locally available and so ofloxacillin is the drug of choice. This study has demonstrated a high prevalence of MRSA in our hospital, which definitely plays a significant role in hospital acquired inflections. In conclusion, the relatively high prevalence of MRSA in this study has shown that there is a “limited” level of infection control activity in our hospital. (Af. J. of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology: 2003 4(1): 52-55)
γ‐Tocotrienol reversal of epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition in human breast cancer cells is associated with inhibition of canonical Wnt signalling

Frizzled‐7 (FZD7) receptor‐dependent activation of the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin pathway plays a crucial role in epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and breast cancer metastasis. FZD7 and its co‐receptor, low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 6 (LRP6), are highly expressed in MDA‐MB‐231 and T‐47D breast cancer cells, and endogenous ligands for FZD7 include Wnt3a and Wnt5a/b. γ‐Tocotrienol, a natural isoform of vitamin E, inhibits human breast cancer cell proliferation and EMT. Here, studies have been conducted to investigate the role of the canonical Wnt pathway in mediating inhibitory effects of γ‐tocotrienol on EMT in human breast cancer cells.
Effect of transendocardial delivery of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells on functional capacity, left ventricular function, and perfusion in chronic heart failure: the FOCUS-CCTRN trial.

CONTEXT Previous studies using autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMCs) in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy have demonstrated safety and suggested efficacy. OBJECTIVE To determine if administration of BMCs through transendocardial injections improves myocardial perfusion, reduces left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), or enhances maximal oxygen consumption in patients with coronary artery disease or LV dysfunction, and limiting heart failure or angina. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS A phase 2 randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of symptomatic patients (New York Heart Association classification II-III or Canadian Cardiovascular Society classification II-IV) with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 45% or less, a perfusion defect by single-photon emission tomography (SPECT), and coronary artery disease not amenable to revascularization who were receiving maximal medical therapy at 5 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Cardiovascular Cell Therapy Research Network (CCTRN) sites between April 29, 2009, and April 18, 2011. INTERVENTION Bone marrow aspiration (isolation of BMCs using a standardized automated system performed locally) and transendocardial injection of 100 million BMCs or placebo (ratio of 2 for BMC group to 1 for placebo group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Co-primary end points assessed at 6 months: changes in LVESV assessed by echocardiography, maximal oxygen consumption, and reversibility on SPECT. Phenotypic and functional analyses of the cell product were performed by the CCTRN biorepository core laboratory. RESULTS Of 153 patients who provided consent, a total of 92 (82 men; average age: 63 years) were randomized (n = 61 in BMC group and n = 31 in placebo group). Changes in LVESV index (-0.9 mL/m(2) [95% CI, -6.1 to 4.3]; P = . 73), maximal oxygen consumption (1.0 [95% CI, -0.42 to 2.34]; P = .17), and reversible defect (-1.2 [95% CI, -12.50 to 10.12]; P = .84) were not statistically significant. There were no differences found in any of the secondary outcomes, including percent myocardial defect, total defect size, fixed defect size, regional wall motion, and clinical improvement. CONCLUSION Among patients with chronic ischemic heart failure, transendocardial injection of autologous BMCs compared with placebo did not improve LVESV, maximal oxygen consumption, or reversibility on SPECT. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00824005.
Atividade Física, Álcool e Tabaco entre Idosos

O objetivo deste estudo e associar habitos de vida (atividade fisica, etilismo e tabagismo) com dados sociodemograficos de idosos em tres municipios de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado nas unidades de Saude da Familia. Os dados foram apresentados por meio de frequencias relativas e do teste qui-quadrado (p≤0,05). Foram entrevistados 611 idosos, destes 47,6% praticam atividade fisica, 12,3% consomem alcool e 23,1% usam tabaco. Houve significância estatistica entre as variaveis atividade fisica e sexo (p=0,0001); atividade fisica e situacao conjugal (p=0,009); alcool e sexo (p=0,0001); tabaco e sexo (p=0,015); tabaco e situacao conjugal (p=0,019); e tabaco e habitacao (p=0,014). Acoes de educacao em saude e capacitacao dos profissionais se fazem necessarias, a fim de se efetivar a cessacao de alcool e tabaco e a ampliacao da pratica de atividade fisica em idosos.
CSF and serum total-tau and phospho-tau(181P) in MS patients

In search of biological marker in multiple sclerosis (MS), total-tau and phospho-tau (Thr181) concentrations were established in CSF and serum of 78 patients with MS, using commercially available kits. Serum and CSF concentrations of IgG, IgM, and albumin were assayed simultaneously to calculate quotients and indices of intrathecal synthesis. Serum t-tau detection was strikingly low (23.1%); therefore, this factor was excluded from further analysis. Serum p-tau levels did not correlate with any of indices or quotients. Unexpectedly, CSF t-tau and p-tau showed an inverse relation with MSSS and EDSS, which has not been published elsewhere. Our results do not support utility of serum t-tau and p-tau as surrogate markers for MS.
Toxicological assessment of the oleo-gum resins of Commiphora molmol and Boswellia papyrifera in rats

The toxicological effects of aqueous suspensions of the resins of Commiphora molmol Engl. ex Tschirch and Boswellia papyrifera Hochst on Wister albino rats were studied using 14 days acute, 28 days sub-chronic and single dose treatment. The mean body weights, hematological and biochemical analysis were evaluated. The acute treatment with either C. molmol or B. papyriferasuspensions did not produce any symptoms of toxicities or mortality with doses up to 100 mg/kg body weight per day, except significant increase in the mean count of white blood cells of rat groups administered C. molmol. The sub-chronic treatment exhibited significant decrease in the mean body weights, beside variations in some hematological and biochemical parameters. Moreover, the rat groups did not tolerate the high oral single doses, particularly at the dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight of either C. molmol or B. papyrifera suspensions where weakness and decrease in motion activity were observed in addition to significant variations in some hematological and biochemical parameters compared to the control group. These results lead to believe that, the plant resins when employed at high doses for long term treatment could cause serious side effects and toxicological symptoms. Key words: Traditional medicine, Commiphora molmol, Boswellia papyrifera, toxicological study, hematological analysis, biochemical analysis.
Extensive cardiac infiltration in acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia: occult extra-medullary relapse and remission after salvage chemotherapy.

A 38-year-old man was admitted with vasculitic rash and horizontal diplopia 9 months post allogenic stem cell transplantation for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Magnetic resonance (MR) of the orbits showed enlarged extra-ocular muscles and an echocardiogram, to exclude cardiac embolic sources, showed bi-ventricular hypertrophy and speckled myocardium. A 12-lead ECG showed diffuse T-wave …
The variability of young children's energy intake.

Abstract Background. Research conducted in the 1930s showed that, given nutritious choices, children can select an adequate diet without adult supervision. Paradoxically, children grew well and were healthy despite patterns of intake at individual meals that were unpredictable and highly variable. Methods. To investigate in more detail the energy intake of young children, we measured 24-hour food intake for 15 children, from two to five years of age, on six days. For each of the six days of the study, coefficients of variation were calculated for each child for each of the six meals and snacks (breakfast, lunch, dinner, and morning, afternoon, and evening snacks) and for total daily energy intake. Results. The children's intake at individual meals was highly variable, but total daily energy intake was relatively constant for each child. The mean coefficient of variation for each child's energy intake at individual meals was 33.6 percent; in contrast, the mean coefficient of variation for each child's tota.