Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anomaly Detection of ICS based on EB-OCSVM

Industrial process anomaly detection mechanisms have been proposed to protect industrial control system to minimize the risk of damage or loss of resources. In this paper, an one-class Support Vector Machine based extended boundary (EB-OSCVM) is used to detect anomalies in industrial multivariate time series data from a simulated Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP) with many cyber attacks. In detail, determine the change points of each process variable and capture the causality relationship between the variables based on the location and time delay of the change points. Then, by monitoring the leaf nodes in the causality graph, we can know whether the system is abnormal, it can effectively reduce the dimension of process data. The EB-OSCVM extend classification boundary of OCSVM in order to reduce the error of noise, if data is outside the boundary of EB-OCSVM, there is an anomaly. Finally, tracing the anomaly source according to causal direction. An experiment is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the results demonstrate that the approach presents a high-accuracy solution and traces the source of anomaly correctly.
FD-based detector for medical image watermarking

In this study, the authors propose a novel technique for medical image watermark detection using the concept of the fractional differentiator (FD). The feature of FD as a non-linear high-pass filter helps in watermark detection. In the region of non-interest, the watermark image has been added in a mid-band frequency range of the discrete cosine transform coefficients of different blocks by generating direct spread spectrum sequence. Their scheme produces noise-free watermarked medical images. Furthermore, they derive the test statistics of the proposed detector, which is characterised by the fractional order q . The average errors in pixels (PEs), peak-signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM) and cross-correlation coefficient (CC) have been used to quantify the capability of the proposed technique over some state-of-the-art techniques. The proposed technique shows that at a particular value of fractional order q , there is a significant reduction in average PEs. It causes an increment in PSNR, SSIM and CC. The proposed technique is tested on a large number of medical images and it is found that their proposed technique works better or comparable with other state-of-the-art techniques.
A hybrid random forest to predict soccer matches in international tournaments

Abstract In this work, we propose a new hybrid modeling approach for the scores of international soccer matches which combines random forests with Poisson ranking methods. While the random forest is based on the competing teams’ covariate information, the latter method estimates ability parameters on historical match data that adequately reflect the current strength of the teams. We compare the new hybrid random forest model to its separate building blocks as well as to conventional Poisson regression models with regard to their predictive performance on all matches from the four FIFA World Cups 2002–2014. It turns out that by combining the random forest with the team ability parameters from the ranking methods as an additional covariate the predictive power can be improved substantially. Finally, the hybrid random forest is used (in advance of the tournament) to predict the FIFA World Cup 2018. To complete our analysis on the previous World Cup data, the corresponding 64 matches serve as an independent validation data set and we are able to confirm the compelling predictive potential of the hybrid random forest which clearly outperforms all other methods including the betting odds.
Metric sub-regularity in optimal control of affine problems with free end state

The paper investigates the property of Strong Metric sub-Regularity (SMsR) of the mapping representing the first order optimality system for a Lagrange-type optimal control problem which is affine with respect to the control. The terminal time is fixed, the terminal state is free, and the control values are restricted in a convex compact set U . The SMsR property is associated with a reference solution of the optimality system and ensures that small additive perturbations in the system result in solutions which are at distance to the reference one, at most proportional to the size of the perturbations. A general sufficient condition for SMsR is obtained for appropriate space settings and then specialized in the case of a polyhedral set U and purely bang-bang reference control. Sufficient second-order optimality conditions are obtained as a by-product of the analysis. Finally, the obtained results are utilized for error analysis of the Euler discretization scheme applied to affine problems.
Characteristics of Typhoon Eyewalls According to World Wide Lightning Location Network Data

Methods for the estimation of typhoon eyewall characteristics (the center location, the radius and the width, and radii of inner and outer boundaries) based on World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) data are presented and discussed in this work. The center locations, the eyewall radii, and inner boundary radii estimated from WWLLN data for the typhoons of the northwestern Pacific from 2011 to 2015 were compared with the typhoon centers, radii of maximum winds, and the radii of the eyes obtained from Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) wind data, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) archives, and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) archives. It is shown that the eyewall characteristics estimates based on the lightning discharge data are most closely related to characteristics of the ASCAT wind speed fields, and the radii of the eyewalls and their inner boundaries are linearly related to the radii of maximum winds and the radii of the eyes, with correlation coefficients reaching approximately 0.9 and 0.8, respectively. It was shown that the distances between locations of the eyewalls and typhoon centers estimated according to the WWLLN and those of the ASCAT, JMA, and JTWC data on average were 19, 16, and 17 km, respectively. The eyewall widths varied from 15 to 69 km, with an average of ~30 km.
Horizontal Meandering as a Distinctive Feature of the Stable Boundary Layer

Oscillations in the horizontal components of the wind velocity associated with oscillations in air temperature during low–wind speed episodes are ubiquitous in the stable boundary layer and are labeled as wind meandering. The meandering structure is recognizable by a clear negative lobe in the Eulerian autocorrelation functions of the horizontal wind velocity components and of the sonic temperature and by a corresponding peak at low frequency in the velocity components and temperature spectra. These distinctive features are used to isolate meandering occurrences and to study its properties in relation to the classical description of the planetary stable boundary layer. It is shown that the ratio of the variance of the wind velocity vertical component over the variance of the composite of the wind velocity horizontal components splits the frequency distribution of meandering and nonmeandering events and divides the nocturnal boundary layer in two different regimes characterized by different turbulent properties. The data comparison with a turbulence model based on Rotta return to isotropy showed that meandering and nonmeandering cases may have similar dynamics. This suggests that meandering may not be connected to a laminarization of the flow and shows that the Rotta scheme may still describe the energetic transfer between wind velocity components in the very stable boundary layer if the Rotta similarity constant c depends on the flux Richardson number. The data confirm a c value of 2.2 for Rif = 0 compatible with its conventional value. The analysis presented refers to one year of continuous measurements on 10 levels carried out at a coastal site in southeastern Brazil.
Analysis on Earnings Persistence, Independent Commissioner and Herding Behavior on Earnings Quality

This study aims at determining the effect of independent commissioners, earnings persistence, and herding behavior on earnings quality. This study employs a multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS as the statistical tool. Before conducting the hypothesis test, a classical assumption test is conducted first, determining whether the data have met the classical assumptions and may be applied to the regression model. There are four components used in the classical assumption test, namely normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, and autocorrelation test. This study takes 80 qualified manufacturing companies listed with the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017 as the object with a purposive sampling technique. The earnings quality variable is measured using ERC, the Herding behavior is measured using Cross Sectional Absolute Deviation (CSAD), the Independent Commissioners are measured by comparing the number of independent commissioners with overall commissioners in the companies, and the earnings persistence is measured by comparing current earnings with past earnings. The results of this study partially show that earnings persistence variable, independent commissioners and herding behavior do not influence the quality of earnings.
Efficient Joint Moving Target and Antenna Localization in Distributed MIMO Radars

In this paper, a novel solution for the problem of joint moving target and antenna localization in the distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar systems is proposed. The localization problem in the presence of antenna location uncertainty is formulated as a maximum likelihood (ML) estimation problem, which is then recast into convex form by defining some auxiliary variables and applying semidefinite relation (SDR) technique. Next, an algebraic closed-form estimator is proposed to jointly estimate the target and the antennas error terms and refine their uncertain values. The proposed method is shown analytically and verified by the numerical simulations to be an efficient estimator, which can achieve the Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB) performance for both the target and antenna estimations under small error conditions. Furthermore, the results of numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed estimator outperforms the state-of-the-art methods presented for moving target localization in MIMO radars.
Beyond Boltzmann–Gibbs–Shannon in Physics and Elsewhere

The pillars of contemporary theoretical physics are classical mechanics, Maxwell electromagnetism, relativity, quantum mechanics, and Boltzmann–Gibbs (BG) statistical mechanics –including its connection with thermodynamics. The BG theory describes amazingly well the thermal equilibrium of a plethora of so-called simple systems. However, BG statistical mechanics and its basic additive entropy SBG started, in recent decades, to exhibit failures or inadequacies in an increasing number of complex systems. The emergence of such intriguing features became apparent in quantum systems as well, such as black holes and other area-law-like scenarios for the von Neumann entropy. In a different arena, the efficiency of the Shannon entropy—as the BG functional is currently called in engineering and communication theory—started to be perceived as not necessarily optimal in the processing of images (e.g., medical ones) and time series (e.g., economic ones). Such is the case in the presence of generic long-range space correlations, long memory, sub-exponential sensitivity to the initial conditions (hence vanishing largest Lyapunov exponents), and similar features. Finally, we witnessed, during the last two decades, an explosion of asymptotically scale-free complex networks. This wide range of important systems eventually gave support, since 1988, to the generalization of the BG theory. Nonadditive entropies generalizing the BG one and their consequences have been introduced and intensively studied worldwide. The present review focuses on these concepts and their predictions, verifications, and applications in physics and elsewhere. Some selected examples (in quantum information, high- and low-energy physics, low-dimensional nonlinear dynamical systems, earthquakes, turbulence, long-range interacting systems, and scale-free networks) illustrate successful applications. The grounding thermodynamical framework is briefly described as well.
Modified graphene as a conducting ink for electromagnetic interference shielding

Research on electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials has become very important as one looks for polymer composites as EMI shielding paints and coatings. EMI Shielding is mainly dependent on absorption and reflection losses, which in turn depend on conductivity, permittivity and permeability of the material. In the present work, we have tried to use the properties of graphene to improve EMI shielding and absorbing properties of the polymer composite. The work is focussed on two aspects of the materials; firstly, to developed an EMI shielding paint which can be used as coating and secondly, development of such paint which has absorption as the dominant mechanism of shielding. Reduced graphene oxide(rGO) has been conjugated with ferromagnetic nanostructures. Absorption of up to ∼12 dB for composite of rGO-Fe3O4 and ∼18 dB for the composite of rGO-Ni was observed, which is more than 99% of the total radiation and hence, can be useful for commercial applications.
An Improved MSA Model for Evaluating the Sound Transmission Loss of a Rectangular Plate for Diffuse Field Incidence

This paper presents an approximate analytical model for estimating the transmission loss (TL) of a finite rectangular plate in the low frequency range, which is based on the modal summation approach (MSA) taking into account the modal radiation impedance and fluid loading. The mode-dependent radiation resistance is calculated using the Rayleigh integral. The fluid loading is taken into account through the natural frequency modified by the added mass. The results are compared with the ones of Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) coupled with FEM and FEM coupled with BEM. In addition, the effects of the various vibration modes and the fluid loading on TL, and a way for reducing the calculation time are discussed.
The connected partition lattice of a graph and the reconstruction conjecture

Previously we showed that many invariants of a graph can be computed from its abstract induced subgraph poset, which is the isomorphism class of the induced subgraph poset, suitably weighted by subgraph counting numbers. In this paper, we study the abstract bond lattice of a graph, which is the isomorphism class of the lattice of distinct unlabelled connected partitions of a graph, suitably weighted by subgraph counting numbers. We show that these two abstract posets can be constructed from each other except in a few trivial cases. The constructions rely on certain generalisations of a lemma of Kocay in graph reconstruction theory to abstract induced subgraph posets. As a corollary, trees are reconstructible from their abstract bond lattice. We show that the chromatic symmetric function and the symmetric Tutte polynomial of a graph can be computed from its abstract induced subgraph poset. Stanley has asked if every tree is determined up to isomorphism by its chromatic symmetric function. We prove a counting lemma, and indicate future directions for a study of Stanley's question.
Ranking journal quality by harmonic mean of ranks: an application to ISI statistics & probability

As the preponderance of journal rankings becomes increasingly more frequent and prominent in academic decision making, such rankings in broad discipline categories is taking on an increasingly important role. The paper focuses on the robustness of rankings of academic journal quality and research impact using the widely‐used Thomson Reuters ISI Web of Science citations database (ISI) for the Statistics & Probability category. The paper analyses 110 ISI international journals in Statistics & Probability using quantifiable research assessment measures (RAMs), and highlights the similarities and differences in various RAMs, which are based on alternative transformations of citations and influence. Alternative RAMs may be calculated annually or updated daily to determine when, where and how (frequently) published papers are cited (see Chang, McAleer and Oxley (2011a, b, c) , Chang, Maasoumi and McAleer (2012) ). The RAMs are grouped in four distinct classes that include impact factor, mean citations and non‐citations, journal policy, number of high quality papers, and journal influence and article influence. These classes include the most widely used RAMs, namely the classic 2‐year impact factor including journal self citations (2YIF), 2‐year impact factor excluding journal self citations (2YIF*), 5‐year impact factor including journal self citations (5YIF), Eigenfactor (or Journal Influence), Article Influence, h‐index, PI‐BETA (Papers Ignored – By Even The Authors), 5YD2 (= 5YIF/2YIF) as a measure of citations longevity, and escalating self citations as a measure of increasing journal self citations. The paper highlights robust rankings based on the harmonic mean of the ranks of RAMs across the 4 classes. It is shown that focusing solely on the 2YIF of a journal, which partly answers the question as to when published papers are cited, to the exclusion of other informative RAMs, which answer where and how (frequently) published papers are cited, can lead to a distorted evaluation of journal quality, impact and influence relative to the more robust harmonic mean of the ranks.
Minimizing Packet Expiration Loss With Path Planning in UAV-Assisted Data Sensing

With explosive attention on data-sensing services, the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been applied to accelerate the information collection. Particularly, as for the deadline-sensitive data, the age of information (AoI) has become a significant metric to avoid messages expiration. In this letter, we propose a UAV trajectory planning model for data collection with minimizing expired data packets in the whole sensor system, and then relax the obscure original problem into a min–max-AoI-optimal path scheme due to complex constraints. We utilize a reinforcement learning-based strategy for the solution and validate its effectiveness with comparison of other two benchmarks in simulations.
GUMICS-4 analysis of interplanetary coronal mass ejection impact on Earth during low and typical Mach number solar winds

Abstract. We study the response of the Earth's magnetosphere to fluctuating solar wind conditions during interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) using the Grand Unified Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling Simulation (GUMICS-4). The two ICME events occurred on 15–16 July 2012 and 29–30 April 2014. During the strong 2012 event, the solar wind upstream values reached up to 35 particles cm−3, speeds of up to 694 km s−1, and an interplanetary magnetic field of up to 22 nT, giving a Mach number of 2.3. The 2014 event was a moderate one, with the corresponding upstream values of 30 particles cm−3, 320 km s−1 and 10 nT, indicating a Mach number of 5.8. We examine how the Earth's space environment dynamics evolves during both ICME events from both global and local perspectives, using well-established empirical models and in situ measurements as references. We show that on the large scale, and during moderate driving, the GUMICS-4 results are in good agreement with the reference values. However, the local values, especially during high driving, show more variation: such extreme conditions do not reproduce local measurements made deep inside the magnetosphere. The same appeared to be true when the event was run with another global simulation. The cross-polar cap potential (CPCP) saturation is shown to depend on the Alfvén–Mach number of the upstream solar wind. However, care must be taken in interpreting these results, as the CPCP is also sensitive to the simulation resolution.
Travelling wave solutions in dilatant non-Newtonian thin films with second-order viscosity

Given any positive speed, we prove the existence of a travelling wave solution for a viscous incompressible thin dilatant liquid film coated with an insoluble surfactant. Relying on first principles of fluid mechanics, lubrication theory leads to a coupled system of second-order partial differential equations for the film's height and the surfactant's concentration where a second-order approximation of the viscosity function is used. The travelling wave solution is -regular and generates a heteroclinic orbit which connects two distinct equilibrium points of the associated plane dynamical system.
On the global dynamics of the Newell–Whitehead system

In this paper by using the Poincaré compactification in ℝ3 we make a global analysis of the model x′ = z, y′ = b(x – dy), z′ = x(x2 – 1)+ y + cz with b ϵ ℝ and c, d ϵ ℝ+, here known as the three-dimensional Newell–Whitehead system. We give the complete description of its dynamics on the sphere at infinity. For some values of the parameters this system has invariant algebraic surfaces and for these values we provide the dynamics of the system restricted to these surfaces and its global phase portrait in the Poincaré ball. We also include the description of the α-limit and ω-limit set of its orbits in the Poincaré ball including its boundary, that is, in the compactification of ℝ3 with the sphere at the infinity. We recall that the restricted systems are not analytic and so in this paper we overcome this difficulty by using the blow-up technique.
ANALISIS HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILL (HOTS) SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL OPEN ENDED MATEMATIKA

Saat ini siswa dituntut untuk lebih kreatif dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika yang mengarah pada berpikir High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) yaitu siswa menerapkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang telah dikembangkan selama pembelajaran dalam konteks baru. Pemberian Open Ended Problems (OEP) atau problem terbuka artinya permasalahan dengan pemecahan berbagai cara (flexibility) dan solusinya juga bisa beragam (multi jawab, fluency) sehingga siswa diberi kesempatan untuk berpikir HOTS dalam menyelesaikan OEP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis HOTS siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal OEP dalam pembelajaran matematika. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif, dengan metode penyajian deskriptif dan pendekatan studi kasus. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu enam orang siswa kelas X MIPA-5 SMA Negeri 2 Trenggalek tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 yang dipilih berdasarkan tingkat kemampuan menyelesaikan soal OEP. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu tes tertulis yang disajikan dalam OEP dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa HOTS siswa ditentukan oleh kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan OEP, semakin tinggi kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan OEP maka semakin banyak indikator HOTS yang dicapai. HOTS siswa dengan kemampuan tinggi mampu memenuhi indikator menganalisis, mengevaluasi, hingga mencipta. HOTS siswa dengan kemampuan sedang mampu memenuhi indikator menganalisis dan mengevaluasi. HOTS siswa dengan kemampuan rendah mampu hanya memenuhi indikator menganalisis, dan belum dapat dikatakan memenuhi indikator mengevaluasi dan mencipta.