Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of Dummy Trajectories Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Nowadays, privacy in trajectory is an important issue in the coming big data era. In order to provide better protection for trajectory privacy, a number of solutions have been proposed in the literature, and the dummy trajectory method has attracted great interests in both academia and industry recently due to the following advantages: (1) neither a third-party server nor other parties’ cooperation is necessary; (2) location-based services are not influenced; and (3) its algorithm is relatively simple and efficient. However, most of trajectory privacy generations usually consider the geometric shape of the trajectory; meanwhile the real human mobility feature is usually neglected. In fact, the real trajectory is not the product of random probability. In this paper, convolutional neural network (CNN) is used as the learning machine to train with lots of the real trajectory and the generated dummy trajectory sets. Then, the trained classifier is used to distinguish the dummy from the real trajectory. Experiments demonstrate that the method using CNN is very efficient, and more than 90% of dummy trajectories can be detected. Moreover, the real trajectory erroneous judgment rate is below 10% for most of real trajectories.
Induction and repair of single-strand DNA breaks after X-irradiation of human fibroblasts deficient in glutathione.

Using the unwinding technique in weak alkali, the induction and repair of DNA single-strand breaks was determined after aerobic and anerobic X-irradiation of human fibroblasts, obtained from a patient suffering from 5-oxoprolinuria, and from a clinically healthy control. The metabolic disorder associated with 5-oxprolinuria is a deficiency in glutathione synthetase activity resulting in a greatly reduced glutathione content in the cells. A small dose-modifying effect of oxygen (o.e.r. = 1.1) was found for these cells in comparison to an o.e. r. of 2.5 for control cells with normal glutathione content. No significant difference was found between the repair capacity of cells with normal and deficient glutathione content, and repair was nearly completed within 60 min of anoxic irradiation in each case. In contrast, after aerobic irradiation of glutathione-deficient cells repaired less than 70 per cent of the breaks during the same period. When the glutathione-deficient cells were incubated with either dithiothreitol or mercaptopropionylglycine directly after aerobic irradiation, almost complete repair was obtained within 60 Min. The data are interpreted as indicating that the repair mechanism for oxically and anoxically induced single-strand breaks is qualitatively different, and requires glutathione in the former case.
Regression of skeletal manifestations of hyperparathyroidism with oral vitamin D.

CONTEXT Parathyroidectomy is the only effective therapy for osteitis fibrosa cystica in hyperparathyroidism. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to describe the changes of skeletal and nonskeletal manifestations in a patient with hyperparathyroidism and renal failure after oral vitamin D therapy. DESIGN This was a descriptive case report. SETTING The patient was followed up in a referral center. PATIENT A 55-yr-old male patient with moderate renal failure was referred for expansile lytic lesions affecting several ribs and the spinous process of T12. His creatinine was 1.8 mg/dl; calcium, 8.9 mg/dl; PTH, 666 pg/ml; and 1,25 dihydroxy-vitamin D, 27 pg/ml. Bone mineral density (BMD) Z-scores by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were -4.1 at the spine, -1.7 at the hip, and -4.3 at the forearm. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome measures were the skeletal manifestations of hyperparathyroidism. RESULTS At 10 months of therapy, calcium level was 10 mg/d, PTH level declined to 71 pg/ml, and BMD increased by 12% at the spine and 18% at the hip. Computerized tomography (CT) cuts revealed marked regression in the lytic lesions. At 2 yr, BMD increased by an additional 6% at the spine, and there were no further changes in the lytic lesions by CT. The vitamin D receptor genotype using the restriction enzymes Bsm1, Taq1, and Apa1 was Bb, tt, and AA. CONCLUSIONS We showed regression of severe skeletal abnormalities of hyperparathyroidism documented by serial CT images in response to oral vitamin D therapy. It is possible that the vitamin D receptor genotype of the patient modulated this response.
EDUCATIONAL MARKETING: FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SELECTION OF A UNIVERSITY

Competition in the higher education sector is forcing the higher educational institutions (HEI) to develop more competitive marketing strategies. For developing universities marketing strategies HEI need to understand the student choice process of a university. Understanding university choice process is not easy, this process involves complex decision which affects students’ life (future career, friends, residence, etc.). Therefore, this paper presents a conceptual framework to explore the factors that influence university choice decision, in general, by investigating factors, relevant in literature, which most influence this decision. Among the factors identified are: institutional reputation, cost, employment opportunities, parents’ influence, educational offer, location. This study has been done in order to find the most important factors that influence choice of a university among Romanian students.
Site-specific S-Acylation of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin

Background: S-Acylation of hemagglutinin with stearate and palmitate is essential for influenza virus replication. Results: Mass spectrometry showed that shifting a cysteine from the transmembrane region to a cytoplasmic position eliminates attachment of stearate. Conclusion: The location of the acylation site is the decisive factor for site-specific acylation. Significance: Similar differential acylation might occur in cellular transmembrane proteins. S-Acylation of hemagglutinin (HA), the main glycoprotein of influenza viruses, is an essential modification required for virus replication. Using mass spectrometry, we have previously demonstrated specific attachment of acyl chains to individual acylation sites. Whereas the two cysteines in the cytoplasmic tail of HA contain only palmitate, stearate is exclusively attached to a cysteine positioned at the end of the transmembrane region (TMR). Here we analyzed recombinant viruses containing HA with exchange of conserved amino acids adjacent to acylation sites or with a TMR cysteine shifted to a cytoplasmic location to identify the molecular signal that determines preferential attachment of stearate. We first developed a new protocol for sample preparation that requires less material and might thus also be suitable to analyze cellular proteins. We observed cell type-specific differences in the fatty acid pattern of HA: more stearate was attached if human viruses were grown in mammalian compared with avian cells. No underacylated peptides were detected in the mass spectra, and even mutations that prevented generation of infectious virus particles did not abolish acylation of expressed HA as demonstrated by metabolic labeling experiments with [3H]palmitate. Exchange of conserved amino acids in the vicinity of an acylation site had a moderate effect on the stearate content. In contrast, shifting the TMR cysteine to a cytoplasmic location virtually eliminated attachment of stearate. Thus, the location of an acylation site relative to the transmembrane span is the main signal for stearate attachment, but the sequence context and the cell type modulate the fatty acid pattern.
Delay in cooling negates the beneficial effect of mild resuscitative cerebral hypothermia after cardiac arrest in dogs: A prospective, randomized study

ObjectivePreviously, we documented that mild hypothermia (34°C) induced immediately with reperfusion after ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest in dogs improves functional and morphologic cerebral outcome. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that a 15-min delay in the initiation of cooling after reperfusion would offset this beneficial effect. DesignProspective, randomized, controlled study. SettingAnimal intensive care unit. SubjectsA total of 22 custom-bred coonhounds. InterventionsEighteen dogs underwent normothermic ventricular fibrillation arrest (no blood flow) of 12.5 mins, reperfusion with brief cardiopulmonary bypass, defibrillation within 5 mins, intermittent positive-pressure ventilation to 20 hrs, and intensive care to 96 hrs. Three groups of six gogs each were studied: group 1, normothermic controls; group 2, core temperature 34°C from reperfusion to 1 hr; and group 3, delayed initiation of cooling until 15 mins after normothermic reperfusion, and 34°C from 15 mins to 1 hr 15 mins after cardiac arrest. Measurements and Main ResultsTympanic membrane temperature (which represented brain temperature) in group 2 reached 34°C at 6 ± 3 (SD) mins after reperfusion; and in group 3 at 29 ± 1 mins after reperfusion. Best overall performance categories achieved (1, normal; 5, brain death) compared with group 1, were better in group 2 (p <.05) but not in group 3 (NS). Similar results were found with best neurologic deficit scores (0%, normal; 100%, brain death), i.e., 44 ± 4% in group 1, 19 ± 15% in group 2 (p<.01), and 38 ± 9% in group 3 (NS). Total brain histologic damage scores (< 30 minimal damage; > 100 severe damage), however, were 150 ± 32 in group 1, 81 ± 13 in group 2 (p<.001 VS. group 1), and 107 ± 17 in group 3 (p<.05 VS. group 1). ConclusionsMild, resuscitative cerebral hypothermia induced immediately with reperfusion after cardiac arrest improves cerebral functional and morphologic outcome, whereas a delay of 15 mins in initiation of cooling after reperfusion may not improve functional outcome, although it may slightly decrease tissue damage. (Crit Care Med 1993;21:1348–1358)
The Offline Nature of Online Community

Despite the importance of interpersonal contact to students’ sense of community, little is known about how online students form relationships outside of class. Drawing on interviews with 20 students from one online doctoral program, I explore the ways in which distance learners create community outside of class. In the case study I explore how students use social media and group texting apps to develop relationships with peers. I also explore how online students connect in-person at study groups and sporting events. Lastly, I consider the ways in which a three-day, in-person orientation helped online students connect on and offline. Findings indicate that online students’ perceptions of community were not limited to their in-class experiences. In addition to their in-class interactions, online students were impacted by their extracurricular interactions in digital and physical spaces.
THE EFFECT OF FORMALIN ON THE PERIODIC ACID SCHIFF STAINING OF CERTAIN TYPES OF MUCUS

Treatment of histological sections, prepared in conventional fashion, with the periodic acid Schiff (P.A.S.) technique alone causes characteristic colour reactions to develop. Hale (1953a) has shown that exposure of such sections to sodium hydroxide before oxidation by the periodic acid causes marked differences, in certain tissues, in the intensity of the colour which develops. Investigation of this effect has revealed that the alkali produces this change in staining reaction by making available more -CHOH--CHOH-, -CHOHCHNH2or -CHOH-CHNHR-, groups for aldehyde production by periodic acid without affecting those groups responsible for metachromasia. It has been suggested (Hale, 1953b) that this change in colour reaction may depend on the chain length of the substance being stained, or on its degree of conjugation with protein or, possibly, on the type or amount of hexosamine present. At that time, however, the effect of formalin fixation had not been checked although its probable influence was mentioned. The present report gives the results of an investigation into the role of formalin fixation in the production of this change in intensity of colour.
Frequency of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in alcoholics.

Several studies have shown that chronic alcoholics have increased susceptibility to infections due to higher exposure to infectious agents as well as breakdown in their immune defenses. As Strongyloides stercoralis infection is usually more relevant in immunocompromised patients, the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of S. stercoralis infection in alcoholics. Thus, coproparasitological examination was carried out in 145 subjects, from which 45 were chronic alcoholics (mean age of 45.7 +/- 11.0 years), 10 were nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients (mean age of 50.2 +/- 13.1 years), and 90 were asymptomatic nonalcoholic subjects (mean age of 46.7 +/- 10.1 years), which served as controls. From the alcoholics, 9 had hepatic cirrhosis, 9 had chronic pancreatitis and 27 had neither cirrhosis nor pancreatitis. For the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis, the Baermann-Moraes and Lutz methods were used in three fecal samples from each subject. Samples were collected at alternated days, and three slides of each sample were analyzed for each method, thus totalizing 2,610 slides examined. The frequency of strongloidiasis in the total alcoholic group (33.3%) and in the subgroups of alcoholics, i.e., patients with hepatic cirrhosis (44.4%), with chronic pancreatitis (33.3%), and those with no cirrhosis or pancreatitis (29.6%) was statistically higher than that found in the control group (5.5%). None of the individuals with nonalcoholic hepatic cirrhosis had S. stercoralis infection. Our results showed that the chronic alcoholism itself is an important factor that predisposes to strongyloidiasis.
Residents’ Emotional Solidarity with Tourists: Explaining Perceived Impacts of a Cultural Heritage Festival

In an effort to attract tourists, rural communities promote their festivals that are unique to the area and local culture. An examination of impacts beyond those of a monetary nature is rarely undertaken by these communities. Furthermore, the role that the relationship between residents and tourists plays in explaining perceived impacts of these festivals is nonexistent. The current work utilizes the Emotional Solidarity Scale in an effort to predict Caldwell, Texas, residents’ perceived impacts of hosting the Kolache Festival through the Festival Social Impact Attitude Scale. Results reveal strong measures of reliability and validity for each scale. Considering the relationship between emotional solidarity and perceived impacts of the festival, results showed that Emotional Solidarity Scale factors explained a considerable degree of variance (i.e., 29% to 36%) in the resulting Festival Social Impact Attitude Scale factors. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed along with limitations and opportunities for future research concerning this line of research.
The Drugs—Violence Nexus Among Rural Felony Probationers

Little research has focused on the drugs—violence nexus in rural areas. As such, the purpose of this study is to use Goldstein's tripartite conceptual framework to examine the relationship between drugs and violence among felony probationers in rural Appalachian Kentucky (n = 799). Data on demo-graphics, substance use criminal history, and violence were collected between 2001 and 2004 using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Rural probationers are partitioned into four groups based on lifetime violent victimization/perpetration experiences: (a) neither a perpetrator nor a victim, (b) perpetrator only, (c) victim only, and (d) both a perpetrator and a victim. Chi-square analyses indicate substance use, and criminal history varies across the four groups. Binary logistic regression analyses are used to explore the significant correlates of both perpetration and victimization. Multivariate analyses support both the psychopharmacological model and the economic compulsive models of perpetration and victimization. Further implications of these findings are discussed.
The Drosophila melanogaster Gene cg4930 Encodes a High Affinity Inhibitor for Endonuclease G*

Endonuclease G (EndoG) is a mitochondrial enzyme believed to be released during apoptosis to participate in the degradation of nuclear DNA. This paper describes a Drosophila protein, EndoGI, which inhibits EndoG specifically. EndoG and EndoGI associate with subpicomolar affinity, forming a 2:1 complex in which dimeric EndoG is bound by two tandemly repeated homologous domains of monomeric EndoGI. Binding appears to involve the active site of EndoG. EndoGI is present in the cell nucleus at micromolar concentrations. Upon induction of apoptosis, levels of the inhibitor appear to be reduced, and it is relocalized to the cytoplasm. EndoGI, encoded by the predicted open reading frame cg4930, is expressed throughout Drosophila development. Flies homozygous for a hypomorphic EndoGI mutation have a strongly reduced viability, which is modulated by genetic background and diet. We propose that EndoGI protects the cell against low levels of EndoG outside mitochondria.
How to deal with knowledge in small companies? Defining emergent KM approach

This paper examines the concept of emergent KM approach in small companies. The origins of consideration are grounded in the theory of strategic management literature and in particular the distinction between deliberate versus emergent approach towards strategic planning. Using the methodology of case study, we carried out an explorative research to analyse the characteristics of KM approach in two small companies located in Italy and in Poland. Both companies appeared to adopt an emergent KM approach and therefore, a detailed analysis of this phenomenon was feasible, as well as description of its main features. On the basis of the research results, implications for both managers and researchers are discussed.
Government Expenditure and Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis of the Armey Curve in Nigeria

This paper discusses the theoretical and empirical basis for the existence of an optimal size of government as depicted by Armey Curve, which is an inverted U curve, where the size of government is on the horizontal axis and economic growth rate is on the vertical axis. The geometric nature of government expenditure in Nigeria, and the absence or little effect it had on the economy, put to question the importance of government expenditure in the country. Also, with the shifts in economic trend in the country from a government dominated economy to more private driven market economy, makes the need to determine the size of government in the economy in order to facilitates effective working of the economy. As a result of these, this study is very important, and also the study stated that, empirical analysis, the optimum size of government, e.g. the share of overall government spending that maximizes economic growth, is 11% of GDP (at a 95% confidence level) based on data from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin 2012. Therefore, government and its policy makers need to ensure that her involve in the working is within the range of 11%. As it at this level that her spending in the economy can effectively propel aggregate demand and supply which will leads positive effects on other macroeconomic variables. In addition, the empirical result shows an evidence for the existence of the Armey Curve analysis in Nigeria. However, due to model and data limitations, it is probable that the results are understated, and the “true” optimum government level is even bigger than the existing empirical study indicates, as there are determinants of economic growth in the country. As a result of this, the study only covers between 1983 and 2012 (30 years), such there is a need for more comprehensive study in this regard.
Magnetization Process in Co-Zr-B permanent-magnet materials

Co-Zr-B alloy ingots consisted of Co/sub 23/Zr/sub 6/ phase together with the small amounts of Co/sub 5/Zr and Co/sub 3/ZrB/sub 2/ phases. On the other hand, Co-Zr-B melt-spun ribbons consisted mostly of Co/sub 5/Zr phase and exhibited a high coercivity. Heat treatment of the Co-Zr-B melt-spun ribbons resulted in increased coercivity. These annealed Co-Zr-B melt-spun ribbons were magnetically isotropic. The maximum energy products (BH)/sub max/ values in excess of 4.7 MGOe were observed for the Co-Zr-B melt-spun ribbons annealed at 600/spl deg/C for 1 h. The mechanism underlying the coercivity of the annealed Co-Zr-B melt-spun ribbon was found to be the pinning type from the initial magnetization curve.
Domestic institutions and the ratification of international agreements in a panel of democracies

A recent literature explores how domestic institutions affect politicians’ incentives to enter into international agreements (IAs). We contribute to this field by systematically testing the impact of a broad set of domestic institutional design features. This allows us to compare new and established political economy explanations of IA entry. For this purpose, 99 democracies are analyzed over the period 1975–2010. We find that domestic institutions determine countries’ disposition to enter into IAs, as predicted by political economic theory. For example, democracies with majoritarian electoral institutions are less likely to conclude IAs than other democracies. Countries also conclude more IAs when their democratic institutions are long-lived and they lack an independent judiciary. However, programmatic parties and the number of domestic veto players are not associated with IA-making. The key take-away of this study is that specific domestic institutions matter for how frequently states make formal deals with each other.
Antibodies to molluscum contagiosum virus in the general population and susceptible patients.

BACKGROUND Since many attempts to cultivate molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) in vitro have been unsuccessful, it is difficult to prepare a large quantity of antigens. To assess the seroprevalence of antibodies against MCV in 508 subjects with or without clinical MCV infection, a truncated recombinant protein from open-reading frame MC133L was synthesized using Sendai virus expression system and applied to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as an antigen. OBSERVATIONS Antibodies to MCV were present in 7 (58%) of 12 patients with molluscum contagiosum, 7 (6%) of 108 healthy controls, 7 (9%) of 76 with atopic dermatitis, and 7 (18%) of 39 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, although no clinical MCV infection was observed in the latter 3 groups. Of 7 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients with molluscum contagiosum, 1 (14%) was antibody positive, compared with 5 (2%) of 266 HIV-positive patients without molluscum contagiosum. Serum samples from patients with atopic dermatitis and systemic lupus erythematosus showed a higher reactivity (P<.001) than those from healthy controls, while serum samples from HIV-positive subjects showed a lower reactivity (P<. 001). CONCLUSION The humoral immune response to MCV is usually confined to patients with molluscum contagiosum and may be affected by the immunological condition of the host.