Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NONPARAMETRIC STABILITY ANALYSIS OF YIELD FOR NINE CHILI PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.) GENOTYPES IN EIGHT ENVIRONMENTS

The objectives of this study were to compare nonparametric stability measures, and to identify promising high yield and stability of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes in eight environments. In every environment, a Randomized Complete Block Design was used with three replications. The method of Nassar and Huehn, Kang, Fox, and Thennarasu was used to analyze the stability and high yield. Spearman's correlation and Principal Component analysis distinguishes the methods based on two different concepts of stability: the static (biological) and dynamic (agronomic) concepts. The top method was found to be the dynamic stability. Meanwhile, the methods of Si 1 , Si 2 , Si 3 , Si 6 , Npi 1 , NPi 2 , NPi 3 and NPi 4 were found to be the static stability. Based on the ranking frequency stability of the nonparametric method, the genotypes with the highest frequency of static stability ranking were genotypes IPB002003, IPB002046, IPB009019 and Tit Super, whereas IPB009002 and Tombak were categorized as those of dynamic stability. Genotype IPB120005 and IPB019015 were less adaptable in the multiple environments tested. It shows that the genotypes were specific in certain environments. IPB120005 had high yield and specific location in Boyolali in dry season and IPB019015 genotype was specific in Bogor in wet season.
Wave climate in the Arctic 1992-2014: seasonality and trends

Abstract. Over the past decade, the diminishing Arctic sea ice has impacted the wave field, which depends on the ice-free ocean and wind. This study characterizes the wave climate in the Arctic spanning 1992–2014 from a merged altimeter data set and a wave hindcast that uses CFSR winds and ice concentrations from satellites as input. The model performs well, verified by the altimeters, and is relatively consistent for climate studies. The wave seasonality and extremes are linked to the ice coverage, wind strength, and wind direction, creating distinct features in the wind seas and swells. The altimeters and model show that the reduction of sea ice coverage causes increasing wave heights instead of the wind. However, trends are convoluted by interannual climate oscillations like the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation. In the Nordic Greenland Sea the NAO influences the decreasing wind speeds and wave heights. Swells are becoming more prevalent and wind-sea steepness is declining. The satellite data show the sea ice minimum occurs later in fall when the wind speeds increase. This creates more favorable conditions for wave development. Therefore we expect the ice freeze-up in fall to be the most critical season in the Arctic and small changes in ice cover, wind speeds, and wave heights can have large impacts to the evolution of the sea ice throughout the year. It is inconclusive how important wave–ice processes are within the climate system, but selected events suggest the importance of waves within the marginal ice zone.
The chironomid (Diptera) communities in two sediment cores from Store Hovvatn, S. Norway, an acidified lake

Two sediment cores from acid lake Store Hovvatn were analysed for chironomid head capsule remains over a sequence span­ ning from about 1730 A.D. to the late 1970s. Up to 30 taxa were identified from one (0.5 cm) level in the cores. Principal com­ ponent analysis of taxon relative abundances showed a gradient corresponding more or less to the sediment sample chronology. Redundancy analysis with some chemostratigraphical variables, and with pH values inferred from diatoms, indicated that chi­ ronomid community change could be explained as a response to acidification . However, most of the taxa that declined or disap­ peared up-core are known to occur in acid lakes and pH sensitivity per se does not seem to explain the response of individual species. The relative abundance of Orthocladiinae increased up-core and the long term change may be conceived in terms of a retarded productivity or oligotrophication. The most conspicuous change in the chironomid community appears to coincide with decreasing aluminium concentrations in the sediments and may indicate toxic effects from labile aluminium in the water column.
Networks of Coproduction

This study examines the interrelations between journalists and communication practitioners from environmental nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Taking the annual United Nations climate change conferences as a case in point, we show that the exceptional circumstances of these events foster a temporary blurring of the professional boundaries between both actor groups that partly results in a joint production of interpretations. Based on seventy-eight semi-standardized interviews with journalists and NGO representatives, we identify four distinct coproduction networks that pair particular types of journalists and NGO communicators. Our analysis shows that (1) the journalistic beat, (2) the type of media journalists work for, (3) journalists’ and NGOs’ perceived target audiences, and also (4) the NGOs’ strategic orientation toward either lobbying or popular mobilization are decisive for the formation of these networks. Our study helps to systematically explain message production in a transnational context and provides a deeper understanding of the relationship between journalism and public relations.
Unifying EU Representation at the IMF Executive Board

The consequences of consolidating EU representation at the IMF Executive Board by regrouping the 27 Member States into two EU constituencies, euro area and non-euro area, are discussed. In particular we contrast voting power as proposed by Penrose-Banzhaf (PBI) and Shapley-Shubik (SSI), and other respectively related measures of blocking (or veto) power and decision efficiency as proposed by Coleman and Paterson. Hitherto, IMF-specific literature is PBI-based. However, theoretical reasons and empirical plausibility arguments for the SSI are compelling. The (SSI) voting power of the two large constituencies – U.S.A. and euro area – reflects their corresponding voting shares over a range of majority thresholds, whereas PBI voting power reduces to only half of vote share at the majority threshold of 85% needed for some Executive Board decisions. SSI-related estimates of veto power are generally lower than the Coleman indices. Correspondingly, the efficiency of collective decision-making is considerably underestimated by the Coleman measure;
New era of liver transplantation for HIV-HCV Co-infected patients: A case report

Morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected patients have been improved over the last decades with the advent of combined antiretroviral therapy. As a result, other comorbidities such as chronic kidney and chronic liver diseases have emerged in the HIV population. A considerable percentage of end-stage liver disease (ESLD) in HIV population is attributed to hepatitis C co-infection and reactivation, and a growing need for solid organ transplantation has emerged among those patients. On the other hand, several studies on liver transplantations of patients co-infected with human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have shown discouraging results both in patient and graft survival rates. As a result, HIV-HCV co-infection has been considered a relative contraindication for liver transplantation. Thankfully, new drugs for HCV treatment have been discovered, acting direct on viral replication of HCV and they have changed the whole clinical course of HCV/HIV co-infected liver transplant recipients. Our case illustrates the long-term effi cacy and safety of the new combination of Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir in HCV/HIV co-infected liver transplant recipients. Case Report New era of liver transplantation for HIV-HCV Co-infected patients: A case report Konstantinos A Zorbas*, Sunil S Karhadkar, Kwan N Lau, Andreas Karachristos and Antonio Di Carlo Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University Hospital, Department of Surgery, Philadelphia, PA, USA *Address for Correspondence: Konstantinos A Zorbas, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University Hospital, 3401 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA, Tel: 2672942932; Email: konstantinos.zorbas@tuhs.temple. edu Submitted: 03 November 2017 Approved: 13 November 2017 Published: 14 November 2017 Copyright: 2017 Zorbas KA, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Genetic parameters of age at first calving, weight gain, and visual scores in Nelore heifers

ABSTRACT This study aimed at estimating the heritability of age at first calving and of performance traits included in the selection index and the genetic correlations between age at first calving and these performance traits. Data were extracted from the Conexao Delta G database and only data from herds in which heifers were bred younger than 24 months of age were used, resulting in a file with 331,310 evaluated animals. The following traits were included in the analyses: age at [. ]
ON THE BIOLOGY OF CALANUS FINMARCHICUS X. SEASONAL CHANGES IN OXYGEN CONSUMPTION

The oxygen consumption of Calanus has been studied by various workers. They give figures which, although not precisely the same, are of the same order of size. From these figures can be calculated the food requirements and these may be expressed as a percentage of its weight per day or as the volume of sea water of known richness which it must filter each day. However, a copepod does not feed continuously; when carrying out diurnal vertical migration it feeds chiefly during the hours when it is in the surface layers (Gauld, 1953). Again, the overwintering Stage V Calanus do not migrate vertically (Nicholls, 1933), but stay in deep water and at this time phytoplankton is very scarce. Altogether then, the volume of 72 mI. , calculated as necessary for a Calanus to filter daily when the sea is moderately rich in phytoplankton (Fuller & Clarke, 1936), must be an underestimate for long periods of the year. Many experiments have been made to find the volume which a Calanus actually does filter daily, with very varying results, from the 1ml. of Fuller (1937) to the 250 ml. of Harvey (1937). From the decrease of diatom numbers between cruises in the North Sea, Cushing (1955) has calculated that a Calanus may filter as much as 1500 ml. daily. Recently, using cultures labelled with radioactive phosphorus, we concluded (Marshall & Orr, 1955) that the volume is often below 80 ml. daily. Confronted with this gap between food required and food available, it seemed desirable to re-investigate oxygen consumption.
Whatsapp mobile tool in second language learning: opportunities, potentials and challenges in higher education settings in Tanzania

Teaching large classes interactively has always been posing great challenges to language teachers in many of the developing countries. This study sought to explore whether the blending of WhatsApp Social Networking Tool (WSNT) in English Second Language (L2) learning class would make the class more interactive. Specifically, the study investigated roles and extent to which WSNT helps in the improvement of English Proficiency. Further, it explored advantages and challenges of using the tool in L2 learning. The study was conducted at one university involving first year undergraduate students who were pursuing different programs, and English grammar course was a compulsory course to them. WSNT was blended in grammar course for a period of one semester. Thereafter, evaluation forms and WhatsApp discussion board were used in data collection. It was realised that the tool plays a great role to the largest extent in helping students learn English interactively and collaboratively. In respect to advantages and challenges, it was reflected that the benefits of blending WSNT in L2 classroom far outweigh the challenges. This implies that WSNT does much good than harm on student’s L2 learning and development. The study concludes that WSNT can be fully utilised for education purposes. The government is therefore urged to provide loans to university students for online mobile learning tools as part of their special faculty requirements. Also, instructors are recommended to adapt the tool synchronously in their courses because the tool is effective at creating interactive learning environment.
ICT as an Enabler to Academic Success of Students with Visually Impaired at Sim University

While the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) benchmark is 15.6 percent, ‘Sim’ (pseudonym) University is way below that benchmark as only 0.001 percent are students classified as ‘disabled’ despite being in existence for more than 50 year. Within the 0.001, students with visually impaired (SwVI) are the majority estimated at 70 percent. In the 21st century, ICTs generally serve as catalysts to academic success of students in Universities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the role played by Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) as enablers to academic success of SwVI at Sim University. A Hermeneutic Phenomenology approach guided the research process. Seven participants volunteered to voice their lived experiences and a cluster of themes on ICT usage emerged subsequently. Emerging from the lived academic experiences of SwVI is a host of self-initiated ICTs in use namely: ordinary typewriters, voice recorders, scanners, jaws and computers meant to facilitate learning amidst a negatively charged learning environment. In conclusion, if ICTs are to serve as effective assistive learning devises, ICTs developers and ICT policy makers should consider SwVI not just as ICTs consumers but equal innovators who must be consulted to transform the education landscape at tertiary level.
A multiphysical ensemble system of numerical snow modelling

Abstract. Physically based multilayer snowpack models suffer from various modelling errors. To represent these errors, we built the new multiphysical ensemble system ESCROC (Ensemble System Crocus) by implementing new representations of different physical processes in the deterministic coupled multilayer ground/snowpack model SURFEX/ISBA/Crocus. This ensemble was driven and evaluated at Col de Porte (1325 m a.s.l., French alps) over 18 years with a high-quality meteorological and snow data set. A total number of 7776 simulations were evaluated separately, accounting for the uncertainties of evaluation data. The ability of the ensemble to capture the uncertainty associated to modelling errors is assessed for snow depth, snow water equivalent, bulk density, albedo and surface temperature. Different sub-ensembles of the ESCROC system were studied with probabilistic tools to compare their performance. Results show that optimal members of the ESCROC system are able to explain more than half of the total simulation errors. Integrating members with biases exceeding the range corresponding to observational uncertainty is necessary to obtain an optimal dispersion, but this issue can also be a consequence of the fact that meteorological forcing uncertainties were not accounted for. The ESCROC system promises the integration of numerical snow-modelling errors in ensemble forecasting and ensemble assimilation systems in support of avalanche hazard forecasting and other snowpack-modelling applications.
Supramolecular encapsulation of vitamin B 6 by macrocyclic nanocontainer cucurbit[7]uril

A pharmaceutically and biologically relevant molecule, pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), was encapsulated inside the cavity of a molecular container, cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) in aqueous solution. The CB[7] based "nanocapsule" of vitamin B6 has been investigated for the first time, via H NMR and UV-visible spectroscopic titrations (including Job's plot) and ab initio molecular modeling. The results have demonstrated that vitamin B6 forms stable host-guest complexes within CB[7] in 1 : 1 stoichiometry, with a binding affinity of (4.0 ± 0.5) × 103 M-1. Such a nanocapsule could potentially find application in vitamin B6 formulation for the purpose of enhancing the stability, absorption, and delivery of this important vitamin.
The Short Vowels /i/ and /u/ in Iranian Balochi Dialects

The aim of the present paper is to study the status of the short vowels /i/ and /u/ in five selected Iranian Balochi dialects. These dialects are spoken in Sistan (SI), Saravan (SA), Khash (KH), Iranshahr (IR), and Chabahar (CH) regions located in province Sistan va Baluchestan in the southeast of Iran. This study investigates whether these two vowels have the same qualities as the short /i/ and /u/ do in the Common Balochi inventory (i, iː, u, uː, a, aː, eː, oː). The Common Balochi inventory is the vowel system represented generally for Balochi language, which is a North-Western Iranian language, a sub-branch of the Indo-Iranian family. The data for this survey are gathered from villages, rural areas, and cities in these regions in the forms of free speech and verbal elicitation from more than 20 literate and non-literate male and female language consultants, 2 males and 2 females for each dialect. The investigation reveals that the short /i/ and /u/ show strong tendencies towards a lower position. This study suggests phonemic systems in which the short /i/ is modified to short /e/ in all dialects, but /u/ is modified to /o/ only in SI, SA, and CH; the lowering of the short /u/ to short /o/ in KH and IR may still be in the transition stage. It is possible that Persian, as the dominant language has had its influence on these dialects causing a lowering tendency in the two vowels under study.
J un 2 01 6 Centralizers in Ore extensions of polynomial rings

In this paper we consider centralizers of single elements in certain Ore extensions, with a non-invertible endomorphism, of the ring of polynomials in one variable over a field. We show that they are commutative and finitely generated as an algebra. We also show that for certain classes of elements their centralizer is singly generated as an algebra. MSC 2010: 126S32, 16S36
Thermomechanical modeling of slab eduction

[1] Plate eduction is a geodynamic process characterized by normal-sense coherent motion of previously subducted continental plate. This mechanism may occur after slab detachment has separated the negatively buoyant oceanic plate from the positively buoyant orogenic root. Eduction may therefore be partly responsible for exhumation of high pressure rocks and late orogenic extension. We used two-dimensional thermomechanical modeling to investigate the main features of the plate eduction model. The results show that eduction can lead to the quasi adiabatic decompression of the subducted crust (≈2 GPa) in a timespan of 5 My, large localized extensional strain in the former subduction channel, flattening of the slab, and a topographic uplift associated with extension of the orogen. In order to further investigate the forces involved in the eduction process, we ran systematic parametric simulations and compared them to analytic plate velocity estimations. These experiments showed that eduction is a plausible mechanism as long as the viscosity of the asthenospheric mantle is lower than 1022 Pa.s while subduction channel viscosity does not exceed 1021 Pa.s. We suggest that eduction can be a viable geodynamic mechanism and discuss its potential role during the orogenic evolution of the Norwegian Caledonides.
Mapping ionospheric backscatter measured by the SuperDARN HF radars – Part 2: Assessing SuperDARN virtual height models

The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (Super- DARN) network of HF coherent backscatter radars form a unique global diagnostic of large-scale ionospheric and mag- netospheric dynamics in the Northern and Southern Hemi- spheres. Currently the ground projections of the HF radar re- turns are routinely determined by a simple rangefinding algo- rithm, which takes no account of the prevailing, or indeed the average, HF propagation conditions. This is in spite of the fact that both direct E- and F-region backscatter and 1 1 -hop E- and F-region backscatter are commonly used in geophysi- cal interpretation of the data. In a companion paper, Chisham et al. (2008) have suggested a new virtual height model for SuperDARN, based on average measured propagation paths. Over shorter propagation paths the existing rangefinding al- gorithm is adequate, but mapping errors become significant for longer paths where the roundness of the Earth becomes important, and a correct assumption of virtual height be- comes more difficult. The SuperDARN radar at Hankasalmi has a propagation path to high power HF ionospheric modifi- cation facilities at both Tromso on a 1 -hop path and SPEAR on a 1 1 -hop path. The SuperDARN radar at fiykkvibaer has propagation paths to both facilities over 1 1 -hop paths. These paths provide an opportunity to quantitatively test the avail- able SuperDARN virtual height models. It is also possible to use HF radar backscatter which has been artificially induced by the ionospheric heaters as an accurate calibration point for the Hankasalmi elevation angle of arrival data, provid- ing a range correction algorithm for the SuperDARN radars which directly uses elevation angle. These developments en- able the accurate mappings of the SuperDARN electric field measurements which are required for the growing number of multi-instrument studies of the Earth's ionosphere and mag- netosphere.
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA MARIA CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE PROGRAMA DE PÓS GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS ODONTOLÓGICAS

BONDING LONGEVITY OF UNIVERSAL ADHESIVE SYSTEMS ON SOUND AND CARIES-AFFECTED DENTIN AUTHOR: Andressa Cargnelutti Follak ADVISOR: Fábio Zovico Maxnuck Soares A new generation of adhesive systems are currently available on market. They were reported on the literature as “universal adhesives” or “multimode adhesives”. These adhesives are versatile, as they can be use in either etch-and-rinse or self-etch strategy. However, only a few data is available about long-term bonding behavior of universal adhesive systems. Then, the aim of this study is to evaluate immediate and six months bond strength of different universal adhesive systems on sound and cariesaffected dentin, either on etch-and-rinse or self-etch strategies. The adhesive systems tested were: Scotchbond Universal (3M ESPE), All-Bond Universal (Bisco), Prime & Bond Elect (Denstply Caulk), Adper Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE) and Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray Noritake Dental). All adhesive systems were applied under manufacturer’s instructions and a composite block was build up on dentin surfaces. Caries-affected dentin was artificially induced by pH-cycling (8h immersed on demineralizing solution and 16h on remineralizing solution, for 14 days). Stick shaped specimens (0,8 mm2) were obtained to be submitted to microtensile test at immediate time or after 6 months of storage. Bond strength data (MPa) were analyzed by three-way repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test (α= 5%). Analysis were performed for each substrate separately. On sound dentin, the etching strategy did not influence bond strength of universal adhesives and no significant statistical differences were found for bond strength values after 6 months of water storage. On caries-affected dentin, adhesive systems also showed similar results regardless etching strategies. However, significant reduction in bond strength values was found after six months. The etching strategy did not influence bond strength performance of universal adhesives on dentin substrate, although the long-term bond strength is decreased on caries-affected dentin.