Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Profile of Ocular Emergencies in a Tertiary Health Centre

A cross sectional study was carried out to determine the incidence, types and pattern of presentation of ocular emergency in a tertiary eye care centre.Demography characteristics, medical history,presenting visual acuity and diagnosis of all patients managed as ocular emergencieswere obtained from their hospital records. Three hundred and eight ocular emergencies constituting 10.1% of the total new cases seen were studied. The mean age was 30.7±21.5 years. Non traumatic conditions constituted 57.5% of the cases seen with keratitis and conjunctivitis as the leading diagnosis.Majority (87%) presented after 24hours of onset of symptoms with traumatic cases having a greater odd of presentation within 24hours. A total of 33.4% of the cases were blind in the affected eye at the time of presentation. Ocular emergencies still have a relatively large share of eye conditions in Ekiti with majority of patients having late presentation. One of every three emergencies had monocular blindness in the affected eye at presentation. We recommend an integration of primary eye care into primary health care in Ekiti to minimise ocular morbidity in emergencies. Health education is needed to reduce risk of infections and inflammations by improved ocular hygiene and wearing of protective eye devices.
Fine-Scale Distributions of Zooplankton in the Northern San Francisco Estuary

doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.15447/sfews.2016v14iss3art2 We studied zooplankton distributions in the upper San Francisco Estuary at nested scales of tens to thousands of meters. The purposes of the study were to assess how well the Interagency Ecological Program (IEP) zooplankton monitoring represents abundance, and to investigate the variability of plankton on scales similar to those of foraging by fish. Samples were taken at three sites in the western Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta. We took 18 sets of six samples each with a plankton net along transects from near shore to center channel, and six sets of ten samples in the vicinity of a drifter either in mid-channel or near shore. Sampling took place in June–July 2014 during neap and spring tides, ebb and flood, day and night (transects only). Analysis focused on three common copepod species. Transect samples showed little consistent variation along transects, except that Pseudodiaptomus forbesi was less abundant nearshore than offshore by day at Big Break, the most landward site. The ratio of adults to adults + copepodites was strongly and positively related to turbidity by day but not by night, indicating demersal behavior. Drifter samples showed a minimum standard deviation of log10 sample counts of about 0.1, indicating that about two-thirds of replicate abundance values were within 80 % to 125% of the mean. A measure of difference between plankton samples at pairs of sample points was unrelated to distance between sample points for drifter samples, weakly related along transects for Limnoithona spp. stages, and strongly related for P. forbesi mainly because of the along-transect gradients at Big Break. The IEP sampling program is representative of plankton abundance except for demersal organisms, which can be ten-fold more abundant by night than by day. Small planktivorous fish could forage in patches of up to ~25% higher abundance than the mean.
Bilingual Education: Between Policy and Implementation in the United Arab Emirates

Effective execution of policies that builds upon objectives deployed in institutional documents can be an overwhelming task. Failing to match the desired outcomes and policies has been recognized to be a gap, and that is one of the most important hindrances of making the anticipated outcomes of any educational institution attainable. In United Arab Emirates, considerable attention has been recently devoted to policy of bilingual education. This policy has been generated and organized in a top-down manner, which in turn contributed to depriving many subordinates, mainly teachers, from the positive participation in aligning the policy with its implementation. The study aimed at exploring the inconsistency, if any, between bilingual education policy and its implementation in public school and suggested ways to better implement this policy. Two qualitative research methods were employed. The results showed that educational policy not based on scientific views does not provide successful learning. Bilingual education has proven its advantages in fostering linguistic academic achievement; nevertheless, this cannot genuinely be achieved when students’ actual level in English is critical (too low) and teacher's voices are not acknowledged. It is recommended that educational policy makers consider the results of the study to fine-tune the current educational policy to establish channels for communication between all those involved.
‘Picking up the pieces’: Reconstructing the informal economic sector in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

Since the launch of Operation Restore Order in May 2005 in all urban centres by the Zimbabwean government, the informal economic sector in Bulawayo has undergone significant transformations and growth. In contravention of the legal and regulatory controls and against the backdrop of a severe economic crisis, the government embarked on a clean-up campaign that devastated the urban poor and reduced them to destitute people. The blitz destroyed informal business structures, evicting and detaining operators and confiscating their wares purporting to restore the lost glimmer and liveliness of the city. Even registered vendors that operated at designated sites with operating licences properly issued by the city authorities were not spared. This study’s preliminary findings reveal how the planning system has metamorphosed to keep up with changing circumstances and how it has helped to revolutionise the vendors’ struggles by organising and mobilising them to revive the indispensable informal economy. In conclusion the article argues that city authorities should work closely with the associations of the urban poor to achieve the objectives both of maintaining urban health and of ensuring the means of livelihood for the unemployed, in particular against the backdrop of a distressed formal sector that has reeled under economic structural adjustments that led to massive deindustrialisation and retrenchments since the 1990s.
What Effect Do Corporate Governance Characteristics Have on CEO Compensation in a Small Cap Firm

Extensive research has been conducted to examine the effect that corporate governance structure has on CEO compensation. Past studies have focused primarily on larger corporations have neglected smaller public firms. By shifting focus to small cap firms, this study hopes to find patterns between CEO compensation and specific corporate governance components. These include CEO duality, the presence of a dual founder CEO, and the level of equity ownership held by the CEO. Empirical evidence has suggested that CEO duality and increased ownership equity of a dual founder CEO may significantly impact CEO compensation.
Optimization of cultural parameters for lipase production by Bacillus subtilis Y-IVI

A B S T R A C T A bacterial strain isolated from oil contaminated soil and identified as Bacillus subtilis Y-IVI based on 16S rDNA analysis was screened for lipase production on tributyrin agar. Maximum lipase production was observed at 48 h of growth. Starch was preferred over other carbon sources for optimum production of lipase at a concentration of 1.5%. Peptone was found to be an ideal nitrogen source for production at a concentration of 1.5%. Among the natural oils, olive oil was able to induce more lipase production. Basal medium supplemented with tween 80 enhanced lipase production to a significant level.
Fate of the organophosphate herbicide glyphosate in arable soils and its relationship to soil phosphorus status

Glyphosate is one of the world's most widely used herbicides. This study was undertaken to unravel the factors affecting its movement, sorption, persistence and leachability in different Finnish soils to create a sound basis for risk assessment. Field experiments indicated rather long persistence of glyphosate in Finnsih soils low in soil test P. The key soil factors promoting the persistence and reducing the leaching of glyphosate and its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid appeared to be low P status and high Al and Fe oxide contents in soil, leading to low degree of P saturation and to reduced biodegradability as result of strong sorption.
Labrador Sea Water tracked by profiling floats - from the boundary current into the open North Atlantic

Fifteen profiling floats were injected into the deep boundary current off Labrador. They were ballasted to drift in the core depth of Labrador Sea Water (LSW) at 1500-m depth and were deployed in two groups during March and July/August 1997. Initially, for about three months, the floats were drifting within the boundary current, and the flow vectors were used to determine the mean horizontal structure of the Deep Labrador Current, which was found to be about 100 km wide with an average core speed of 18 cm s−1. North of Flemish Cap the boundary current encounters complicated topography around “Orphan Knoll,” and there the LSW outflow splits up into different routes. One obvious LSW path is eastward through the Charlie Gibbs Fracture Zone and another route is a narrow recirculation toward the central Labrador Sea. A surprising result was that none of the floats were able to follow the boundary current southward to the Grand Banks area and exit into the subtropics. Trajectories and temperature profiles of the eastward drifting floats indicate the importance of the North Atlantic Current for dispersing the floats, even at the level of LSW.
Loughborough University Institutional Repository A spatiotemporal perspective on empowerment

The complex and dynamic nature of project environments presents both opportunities and challenges for the empowerment of individuals and teams. Yet, empowerment is a complex concept in its own right, taking on multiple forms across people, is contextually embedded and shifts over time. As research on empowerment in projects continues to grow, pertinent questions are emerging aimed at promoting the growth of empowerment theory and its applicability in practice. For example, how do organizations empower employees at different levels and still be able to achieve goal congruence across the organization? ; how does empowerment manifest itself across project phases? ; and how does empowerment manifest across co-located or geographically/physically spaced individuals on the same or different projects/teams across the same organization? The multiplicity and dynamism of empowerment in projects across three aspects space, time and levels, and their intersections are examined within the context of the complex, dynamic and uncertain operational realities of projects. It is argued that such a spatiotemporal agenda is better understood through the lens of chaos and complexity theory, a perspective that reveals the way in which empowerment is intertwined with other managerial interventions and business strategies for the successful delivery of projects.
Advanced Course Offerings and Completion in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math in Texas Public High Schools. REL 2018-276.

• The number of advanced courses offered in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) rose from 2007/08 to 2013/14 in Texas public high schools in all locales (urban, suburban, town, rural), with large or small proportions of economically disadvantaged students, and with large proportions of minority students. • Schools with the largest proportion of Black or Hispanic students offered a greater number of advanced STEM courses than did schools with the largest proportion of White students. • Schools in urban and suburban areas offered a greater number of advanced STEM courses than did schools in rural areas or towns. • Almost three-quarters of the state’s Black and Hispanic students (78 percent of each group) and two-thirds of the state’s White students (68 percent) attended high schools offering between 19 and 27 advanced STEM courses. • A smaller proportion of Black and Hispanic students than White students completed three or more advanced math or science courses, even among students demonstrating comparably high math ability.
School Leaders as Effective Negotiators and Mediators - The Art of Lessening Conflict in Schools: A Literature Review

All organisations do experience conflicts from time to time. Intractable conflict can debilitate the running of organisations and make communication to be almost impossible. Organisations without a healthy climate will simply crumble and not be able to achieve their set goals. However, effective leaders with the necessary skills will be able to eschew conflicts as they uphold the vision of their organisations. This paper explores various necessary aspects of conflict competence with particular reference to negotiation and mediation. Generally, schools are beset with constant conflicts and challenges. Without competent school management, conflicts can be on-going and will affect all the teachers' morale as well as their commitment, and learner success. The literature explored here does not only illustrate what numerous authors say about negotiation skills but it also illustrates how some of the skills can be engendered. The discussion explicates why schools this century need adept, multi-skilled school principals who will uphold professionalism and elements of fairness as well as ethical and moral leadership.
Effect of Processing Techniques on the Quality and Acceptability of Auricularia auricula Mushroom Pickle

The present study aimed at the formulation of pickled product, incorporated with and without mustard oil; vinegar and salt were used as preservative. The products have been evaluated for sensory attribute i.e color, flavor, texture, taste and overall acceptability, (MOVS) formulated pickle found to be excellent and have higher score 5.7, 6.5, and 7.0 for color, flavor, and overall acceptability. It was found that the polysaccharide content and pH were decreased during processing, and significant difference (P>0.05) was found in moisture content Figure 4. The microbiological studies revealed that total viable counts (bacteria) were high in (SWVS) formulated pickle as compared to (MOVS) respectively. Storage studies demonstrated that pickles stored successfully for 90 days at ambient temperature (26±4C) without any significant change in the quality attributes of the (MOVS) pickle. Furthermore, microbiological analysis demonstrated the presence of Escherischia coli and Lactobacillus bacteria in pickled products.
Influence of Different Nutrient Sources on Exopolysaccharide Production and Biomass Yield by Submerged Culture of Trametes versicolor and Coprinus sp.

Influence of different nutrient sources on Exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and Biomass yield by submerged culture of Trametes versicolor and Coprinus sp. was investigated. The best EPS production by Trametes versicolor and Coprinus sp. was stimulated by sucrose. EPS production ranged within 1,011-17945 mg/l and 200-18,765 mg/l, respectively. The least EPS production was recorded in xylose and glucose, respectively. Xylose and sorbitol supported the highest biomass yield (1.9 gdryw/l and 2.0 gdryw/l) by Trametes versicolor and Coprinus sp. , respectively. Yeast extract induced the highest EPS production (7,835 mg/l) by T. versicolor. The EPS ranged within 701-7,835 mg/l. Casein stimulated the highest production of EPS by Coprinus sp. and it ranged within 563-7,474 mg/l. Yeast extract and NaNO3 induced the highest biomass yield by Trametes versicolor and Coprinus sp. , respectively. Biomass yield ranged within 1.0-1.6 gdryw/l and 2.0-1.9 gdryw/l. The highest EPS production by the strains was stimulated by glutamic acid and it ranged within 272-3,684 mg/l and 209- 8,899 mg/l, respectively. The least stimulatory amino acids were alanine and glutamate, respectively. The best amino acids for biomass production by the isolates were aspartic acid and asparagines, respectively, and it ranged within 1.0-15.0 gdryw/l and 1.0-16.0 gdryw/l.
The Nexus between Nigerian Government Spending and Domestic Output in the Presence of Long-Term Crude Oil Price Shock: A Conditional Unrestricted Equilibrium Correction Model Approach

This paper is an empirical analysis of provisional unrestricted level relationship between Nigerian domestic output measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and government spending proxied by capital and recurrent expenditures in the presence of static regressors such as crude oil prices and federal government retained revenues. We estimate an ARDL (1,0,1) using a single-equation approach. Results show that government expenditures have negative but statistically insignificant effects on domestic output in the long-run. Similarly, negative short run effects are established amongst the variables. However, recurrent expenditure is statistically significant in the short-run. Whilst federal government retained revenue has a positive and significant effect, crude oil price exhibited negative relationships with domestic output both at level and in the short-run dynamics. Also a high speed of adjustment implies that Nigerian Gross Domestic Product is extremely sensitive to shocks on the government spending in the long-run. An upward trend forecast between 2014 and 2020 is an indication of the continued positive impact and the government retained revenue will exert on the domestic output in the long-run.
Predicting Credit Default among Micro Borrowers in Ghana

Microfinance institutions play a major role in economic development in many developing countries. However many of these microfinance institutions are faced with the problem of default because of the non-formal nature of the business and individuals they lend money to. This study seeks to find the determinants of credit default in microfinance institutions. With data on 2631 successful loan applicants from a microfinance institution with braches all over the country we proposed a Binary logistic regression model to predict the probability of default. We found the following variables significant in determining default: Age, Gender, Marital Status, Income Level, Residential Status, Number of Dependents, Loan Amount, and Tenure. We also found default to be more among the younger generation and in males. We however found Loan Purpose not to be significant in determining credit default. Microfinance institutions could use this model to screen prospective loan applicants in order to reduce the level of default. Keywords: Microfinance, Loan Default, Default Prediction, Logistic Regression
Nest site selection by the dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius in two different landscapes

Nest site selection of dormice was studied in two different landscapes in southern Sweden: a forest-dominated landscape and an open landscape dominated by farmland, pastures and apple orchards. Randomly selected plots (10 × 10 m) were searched for dormouse nests and habitat characteristics of plots with and without nests were compared with logistic regression. Number of shrub species, cover of different shrub species and distance to closest forest edge were the main factors that were related to occurrence of dormice. Dormice have earlier been shown to nest in tree hollows, and thus such nests could be overlooked with our method. However, natural cavities are scarce in the habitats investigated here, and it is argued that the observed preferences for shrubby areas close to forests are real, and different shrub species are suggested to be important as sheltered and predator-safe nest sites and as food sources.
Performance of Hybrids/High Yielding Varieties and Nutrient Management in System of Rice Intensification – A Review

Rice is the staple cereal food grain of majority of India’s over one billion population. As there is no scope to increase the area under rice, System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is considered as one of the technologies to increase the productivity. Contrary to this, SRI is showed by some workers as labour intensive, difficult to practice and on par to that of conventional method without any yield advantage. Nutrient management must be sound for achieving the yield potential of rice hybrids/HYV’s under SRI. The use of organic manures such as application of FYM has been proved to be viable component of INM for SRI.
Do Sources of Knowledge Transfer Matter? - A Firm-level Analysis in the PRD, China

This paper investigates whether knowledge transferred from different sources matter differently for carrying out different innovation outcomes, using a firm-level dataset collected in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in China. It also investigates whether companies in the PRD in China tend to innovate in a similar way as companies in the Asian Newly Industrialised Economies (NIEs) did decades ago. Our estimation results suggest that companies in the PRD, as companies in the Asian NIEs, strongly rely on sourcing from their OEM customers but not on own R&D activities to implement innovative processes to increase production efficiency. In contrast, they engage in own R&D activities in order to develop innovative products, to realise higher innovation sales and to create new knowledge qualified for patenting. In addition to own R&D activities, they rely on sourcing knowledge from different sets of sources to support them to carry out the last three types of innovation outcomes.
Leadership, communication and innovation

We study the interplay between communication, leadership attributes and the probability of successful innovation. Although a firm requires both strong leadership and sufficient communication to overcome inertia, we posit that frequent communication – particularly amongst strong managers and in larger firms – can cause leaders to pull the firm in different directions, resulting in disagreement and a failure to successfully innovate. Using a uniquely detailed establishment-level data set we find that, on their own, firm size, regular communication and result-oriented leadership are all positively associated with innovation. However, as predicted by our model, the use of frequent communication in successfully innovating firms is moderated: (i) when leaders tend to be strongly focussed on results; and (ii) in larger firms.
Public Disclosure and Environmental Performancein Laguna de Bay Region, Philippines

The growing interest in information disclosure as a means of curbing industrial pollution merits closer study especially for the case of developing nations who are characterized by weak monitoring and enforcement capacities. Disclosures are claimed to go beyond traditional regulation and market based instruments by activating public pressure for businesses to behave more sustainably. An analysis of the environmental performance rating and disclosure program in the Laguna de Bay region was undertaken to determine effectiveness of this strategy and how it worked. While findings indicated some trends towards improvement rather than decline or maintenance of ratings, the theory-based evaluation revealed a number of implementation inadequacies that hampered the program’s potential to be effective. There was limited evidence of public pressure due to weak information flows and insufficient dissemination platforms. Furthermore, public pressure, other mechanisms such as enhanced regulatory threats on top of disclosure may be more effective to get businesses to behave more sustainably.