Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The WIRCAM deep infrared cluster survey - I. Groups and clusters at z ≳ 1.1

Aims. We use a combination of CFHTLS deep optical data, WIRCam DeepSurvey (WIRDS) near-infrared data and XMM-Newton survey data to identify z& 1: 1 clusters in the CFHTLS D1 and D4 fields. Counterparts to such clusters can not be identified without deep near-infrared data and as such the total of�1deg 2 of J, H and Ks band imaging provided by WIRDS is an indispensable tool in such work. Methods. Using public XMM X-ray data, we identify extended X-ray sources in the two fields. The resulting catalogue of extended X-ray sources was then analyzed for optical/near-infrared counterparts, using a red-sequence algorit hm applied to the deep optical and near-infrared data. Redshifts of candidate groups and clusters were estimated using the median photometric redshifts of detected counterparts and where available these were combined with spectroscopic data (from VVDS Deep and Ultra-Deep and using AAT AAOmega data). Additionally, we surveyed X-ray point sources for potential group systems at the limit of our detection r ange in the X-ray data. A catalogue of z> 1: 1 cluster candidates in the two fields has been compiled and cl uster masses, radii and temperatures have been estimated using the scaling relations. Results. The catalogue of group and cluster candidates consists of 15 z& 1: 1 objects. We find several massive clusters ( M& 10 14 M�) and a number of lower mass clusters/groups. Three of the detections are previously published extended X-ray sources. Of note is JKSC 041 (previously detected via Chandra X-ray data and reported as a z = 1: 9 cluster based on UKIDSS infrared imaging) for which we identify a number of structures at redshifts of z = 0: 8, z = 0: 96, z = 1: 13 and z = 1: 49 (but see no evidence of a structure at z = 1: 9). We also make an independent detection of the massive cluster, XMMXCS J2215.9-1738, for which we estimate a redshift of z = 1: 37 (compared to the spectroscopically confirmed redshift of z = 1: 45). We use the z& 1: 1 catalogue to compare the cluster number counts in these fields with models based on WMAP 7-year cosmology and find that the models slightly over-predict the observations, whilst at z> 1: 5 we do not detect any clusters. We note that cluster number counts at z& 1: 1 are highly sensitive to the cosmological model, however a significant reduction in pres ent statistical (due to available survey area) and systemat ic (due to cluster scaling relations) uncertainties is required in order to co nfidently constrain cosmological parameters using cluster number counts at high redshift.
Beyond Categories of Vulnerability for Displaced Children: Case Study of a Bogotá Primary School

The argument of this research paper is that the current policies in place for displaced children are based on assumed vulnerabilities and do not include children’s perspectives or actions; as a consequence, they are not recognising and addressing some of the challenges displaced children face. Despite the strong attention prescribed by the government towards the displaced population, displaced children can actually become invisible within the school because student peers give a negative connotation to being IDP and displaced children react by staying anonymous about their status. National policies consider neither the negative connotation of being an IDP at school nor the reaction of displaced children. This points to the fact that the government cannot recognise this situation of invisibility and reach many of the displaced children at school. Moreover, the Ministry of Education conceptualised vulnerability as exclusion from the education system, and all its efforts are aimed at increasing access to education, leaving little or no consideration to displaced children’s perceptions of vulnerability, namely insecurity and the limitations it causes. If the government is trying to identify and reach displaced children with its support and services, it needs to go beyond its categories of vulnerability and investigate the experiences of displaced children.
Multi-component adsorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene from aqueous solutions by montmorillonite modified with tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide

Multicomponent adsorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) was assessed in aqueous solutions by montmorillonite modified with tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (TTAB-Mt). Batch experiments were conducted to determine the influences of parameters including loading rates of surfactant, contact time, pH, adsorbate concentration, and temperature on the adsorption efficiency. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to determine the adsorbent properties. Results showed that the modification of the adsorbent via the surfactant causes structural changes of the adsorbent. It was found that the optimum adsorption condition achieves with the surfactant loading rate of 200% of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the adsorbent for a period of 24 h. The sorption of BTEX by TTAB-Mt was in the order of B T E X . The experimental data were fitted by many kinetic and isotherm models. The results also showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model could, respectively, be fitted to the experimental data better than other available kinetic and isotherm models. The thermodynamic study indicated that the sorption of BTEX with TTAB-Mt was achieved spontaneously and the adsorption process was endothermic as well as physical in nature. The regeneration results of the adsorbent also showed that the adsorption capacity of adsorbent after one use was 51% to 70% of original TTAB-Mt.
A MODEL TO DEVELOP PEER FEEDBACK SKILLS IN FIRST-YEAR ENGINEERING STUDENTS

Giving and receiving feedback is a necessary, but often difficult skill for young engineers to acquire. We developed and piloted the delivery of a feedback model as part of the first-year engineering experience at the University of British Columbia. The approach is based on recognizing feedback as a form of professional communication, and that it requires practice to improve. We wove different aspects of communication skill development through two large newly-designed first-year introduction to engineering courses, building towards face-to-face feedback through a staged series of communication experiences. The full feedback model highlighted the nuances of faceto-face communication, and was called the “3×3”, since it includes the three components involved in face-to-face feedback (sender, message, and receiver), each with three associated aspects. The sender uses appropriate words and body language, ensures proper interpretation, and is empathetic; the message is objective and non-judgmental, sufficiently detailed, and contains suggestions for improvement; and the receiver remains open and listening, acknowledges to the sender that they are listening, and clarifies to ensure understanding. Students applied what they had learned through an activity reviewing poster presentations from a major course design project. In the activity, they each had an opportunity to craft a feedback message before delivering the message face-to-face to a peer. Students then reflected on the feedback they received by summarizing the message, recognizing how the sender delivered the feedback, and identifying why the feedback was helpful. Student reflections were analyzed for themes from the 3×3 model. Students found feedback from peers particularly helpful when it was delivered in an appropriate and courteous manner, checked for proper interpretation, provided clear suggestions for improvement, and was coupled with praise of something that was done well. Providing students with a structured model allows them to follow a process in both providing effective face-to-face feedback, but also better appreciate why receiving feedback is beneficial in helping them improve.
Nifedipine Modulates Renal Lipogenesis via the AMPK-SREBP Transcriptional Pathway

Lipid accumulation in renal cells has been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity-related kidney disease, and lipotoxicity occurring in the kidney can be a surrogate marker for renal failure or renal fibrosis. Nifedipine-induced renal lipotoxicity has never been cited, although a few studies have shown that nifedipine inhibits lipogenesis via activation of the LKB1-AMPK pathway. Therefore, we utilized NRK52E cell models to examine this further. We pre-treated cells with varying concentrations of nifedipine (7.5, 15, or 30 μM) for 24 or 48 h prior to examining the activity of lipogenesis enzymes and lipotoxicity. Nifedipine was found to activate acetyl CoA synthetase, acetyl CoA carboxylase, long chain fatty acyl CoA elongase, ATP-citrate lyase, and HMG CoA reductase, suggesting elevated production of cholesterol, triacylglycerides, and phospholipids. Nifedipine exposure induced a vast accumulation of cytosolic free fatty acids (FFA) and stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species, upregulated CD36 and KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule-1) expression, inhibited p-AMPK activity, and triggered the transcription of SREBP-1/2 and lipin-1, underscoring the potential of nifedipine to induce lipotoxicity with renal damage. In the present study, we elucidated the mechanism of action of nifedipine that leads to renal lipotoxicity via the AMPK-SREBP-1/2 pathway. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating nifedipine-induced lipid accumulation in the kidney.
Towards Genre-Enabled Search Engines : The Impact of Natural Language Processing

In this paper, we examine whether it is possible to effectively incorporate document genre features into document relevance ranking. First, a method for extracting ‘seriousness’ score of a document using canonical discriminant analysis applied to a sample of functional styles is proposed. Second, effects of aggregating genre-related and text relevance ranks are considered. Evaluation of the results shows moderate positive effects.
The HST/ACS Coma Cluster Survey – III. Structural parameters of galaxies using single Sérsic fits

We present a catalogue of structural parameters for 8814 galaxies in the 25 fields of the Hubble Space Telescope/ACS Coma Treasury Survey. Parameters from Sersic fits to the two-dimensional surface brightness distributions are given for all galaxies from our published Coma photometric catalogue with mean effective surface brightness brighter than 26.0 mag arcsec-2 and brighter than 24.5 mag (equivalent to absolute magnitude -10.5), as given by the fits, all in F814W(AB). The sample comprises a mixture of Coma members and background objects; 424 galaxies have redshifts and of these 163 are confirmed members. The fits were carried out using both the GIM2D and GALFIT codes. We provide the following parameters: galaxy ID, RA, Dec., the total corrected automatic magnitude from the photometric catalogue, the total magnitude of the model (F814WAB), the geometric mean effective radius Re, the mean surface brightness within the effective radius e, the Sersic index n, the ellipticity and the source position angle. The selection limits of the catalogue and the errors listed for the Sersic parameters come from extensive simulations of the fitting process using synthetic galaxy models. The agreement between GIM2D and GALFIT parameters is sensitive to details of the fitting procedure; for the settings employed here the agreement is excellent over the range of parameters covered in the catalogue. We define and present two goodness-of-fit indices which quantify the degree to which the image can be approximated by a Sersic model with concentric, coaxial elliptical isophotes; such indices may be used to objectively select galaxies with more complex structures such as bulge-disc, bars or nuclear components. We make the catalogue available in electronic format at ASTRO-WISE and MAST. Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with programme GO10861.
Physiological Responses of Oil Palm Seedlings to the Drought Stress Using Boron and Silicon Applications

A B S T R A C T The objectives of the study were to determine (1) The level of physiological resistance of oil palm seedlings to drought stress by boron (B) and silicon (Si) application and (2) The mechanism of B and Si actions to induce physiological resistance of oil palm seedlings to drought stress. The B and Si were the elements capably inducing the internal resistance of plant tissues to drought stress, especially through physiological resistance mechanisms. Field trial was arranged in the factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) using three blocks as replications. The first factor was six dose of B: 0.00, 0.17, 0.44, 0.87 and 1.31 g plantG 1 . The second factor was five dose of Si: 0.00, 1.15, 2.31, 3.46 and 4.69 g plantG 1 . Observations were done on the Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA), the content of chlorophyll a, b and total, density, length and width of stomatal aperture, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic activity per plant, dry weight of plant parts and trunk height and diameter of the oil palm seedlings. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and the means were separated using Duncan's multiple range test at 5% level. Meanwhile, the optimum dose of B and Si were determined using regression analysis. The results showed that B and Si application could induce physiological resistance of oil palm seedlings to drought stress. Mechanism of action of B in inducing physiological resistance of oil palm seedlings to drought stress were by increasing of greenish leaves, width of stomatal aperture and photosynthetic activity per plant while Si application capable to increase of greenish leaves and to decrease the density of lower leaf surface stomatal. The optimal dose of B was 0.33-0.57 g/seedlings and the optimal dose of Si was 2.22 g/seedling in inducing physiological resistance of oil palm seedlings to drought stress.
Cash flows and leverage adjustments

Article history: Received December 5, 2015 Received in revised format February 16 2016 Accepted March 18 2016 Available online April 8 2016 Cash flow and leverage are two main components of any business firms. A good level of cash flow and leverage shows a desirable performance for business organizations. This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the relationship between combined leverage and cash flow in terms of board of director’s ownership and corporate governance structures. The study selects 86 randomly selected firms listed on Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2009-2013. Using some statistical tests, the survey has indicated that there was a meaningful relationship between leverage and cash flow for firms with different corporate governance structures. The study has also determined that there was a meaningful relationship between leverage and cash flow for firms with different board of director’s ownerships. Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 6 © 201
A Wild-to-Wild Translocation of Cheetahs from Private Farmland to a Protected Area in Zimbabwe (1994-2005)

In Zimbabwe, the legal status of the cheetah Acinonyx jubatus is that of a specially protected species (Parks and Wildlife Act 1996), but on the ground the cheetah is often regarded as a problem animal. Since the early 1980’s reports of cheetahs killing cattle on private ranches increased. It is thought in hindsight that this increase in cheetah reports was due to the eradication of lion and spotted hyaena on private land, the increase in game populations as many farmers switched from cattle to game, and a series of drought years. Conversely, in protected areas, cheetah numbers appeared low. Prior to the translocation of cheetahs to Matusadona, cheetah sightings were rare. However, given our improved knowledge of cheetah behaviour especially in woodland habitats, this low density may simply have reflected the difficulties of locating cheetahs. In
Depression and Obesity: A Literature Review

The purpose of this paper is to review past research literature regarding the relationship between depression and obesity. Three common themes found in past research are discussed in depth, these include: investigating the trend in the association between depression and obesity, if obesity can lead to later development of depression, and whether depression can lead to later development of obesity. After analyzing and synthesizing past research results, new associations were discovered: there is a u-shaped trend between BMI and depression, and proper categorical BMI should be used regarding this relationship; there is a possible causal relationship between obesity and subsequent depression, especially in boys; and there is a possible causal relationship between depression and subsequent obesity, especially in girls. In conclusion, opportunities for further research were discovered. Future studies need to investigate the exact causal relationships between obesity and depression, the gender interaction on risk factors, and possible ethnic variations in depression and BMI. Further understanding the exact relationship between depression and obesity could have important clinical implications in terms of treatment and prevention; thus, decreasing the high prevalence of their comorbidity.
Cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy drugs and possible protective effects of physical exercise: a literature review

This review was designed to summarize the main pathophysiological mechanisms of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity and the positive effects of physical exercise. Objective : To characterize a literature review on the main cardiotoxicity mechanisms already described and what possible strategies attenuate and/or prevent these side effects, with a focus on physical exercise. Methods : A literature search using PubMed (MEDLINE) and SciELO databases was conducted covering the articles published between 2000 and 2015. These studies were selected for posterior analysis, according to pre-established criteria. Results : Fifty-eight (58) articles based on references and according to the descriptors were found and 45 articles were included: 18 reviews, 19 articles developed with animal experiments, 07 articles with studies in humans and 01 guideline. Conclusion : Data analysis led us to understand that although there is no consensus about the doxorubicin mechanism of action that causes toxicity, the generation of reactive oxygen species and changes in intracellular calcium are the most studied mechanisms and provide the most evidence in literature. Other studies are still needed to elucidate the complex cardiotoxicity mechanisms and which strategies would be the best for cardioprotection. A possible therapeutic strategy that has been studied is implementing exercise, but some questions still arise, including: 1) What would be the best time to implement an exercise program, before or during chemotherapy? And 2) Could exercise play a cardioprotective role in preventing or attenuating toxic effects on the heart?
Exploring health implications associated with irregular migration from Ghana to Libya and beyond

Although there have been several negative media reports on the plight of irregular migrants from Ghana, research on issues related to their health has been rather scanty. The study assesses health implications associated with irregular migration from Ghana using both the Techiman and Nkoranza Municipalities as a case study. Through a snowball sampling technique, 237 return migrants from Libya were interviewed using questionnaire (200) and in-depth interviews (37). Not only were the migrants predisposed to dehydration, malnutrition/undernourishment and physical exhaustion due to long periods of walking with inadequate water and food, but also fatalities were common among them. Reportedly, 17 migrants fell sick and died in the desert when their vehicle lost its direction compelling them to walk more than one week, while some 15 others from the study areas drowned in their attempt to cross the Mediterranean Sea into Europe. The migrants mostly live and work under poor conditions, thus some had pneumonia while others died in their ghettos (uncompleted buildings) due to excessive cold conditions in winter. Irregular migration is pursued at the cost of the health and life of the migrants. One option for addressing irregular migration from Ghana is to provide skills training and seed capital or job opportunities for young school leavers who could not further their education after the Junior High School or Senior High School. Keywords: Health, irregular migration, youngpeople, Libya, Ghana
Interactive comment on “ Environmental and climatic history in the NW Argentine Andes ( 24 S ) over the last 2100 years inferred from a high-altitude peatland record ” by K . Schittek

This paper presents a new paleoenvironmental record located in NW Argentina. The record covers the last 8000 years and the last 2100 years are presented in this paper. Multi proxy analyses have been performed to detect changes in water table, climate and human occupation. Results show fluctutations in the water table and alternance of dry and wet episods in the region which are related to changes in ITCZ seasonal shifts and
Accelerated aging test to evaluate the quality of crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst - Brassicaceae) seed physiology

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la eficacia de la prueba de envejecimiento acelerado, para determinar los efectos fisiologicos de semillas Crambe abyssinica Hochst, un monton de dos cosechas (2009 y 2010). Se evaluaron: contenido de agua, la germinacion y el vigor por el indice de velocidad de la germinacion, envejecimiento acelerado a 41, 43 y 45 °C durante periodos de 24, 48, 72 y 96 horas, el peso fresco y el peso seco. El experimento se llevo a cabo en el esquema factorial 2x3x5 (mucha x temperatura x tiempo de exposicion), en un diseno completamente al azar, con cuatro repeticiones de 25 semillas. El peso fresco y peso seco no son eficientes para diferenciar la calidad fisiologica de las semillas de Crambe abyssinica. Las influencias de envejecimiento acelerado, de manera similar, el porcentaje de germinacion y el vigor, con una mayor sensibilidad cuando las semillas son tratadas con temperaturas de 41 o 43 °C durante 72 h, lo que indica un papel prometedor para la estratificacion de la calidad fisiologica de la semilla crambe de lotes con germinacion similar.