Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Food Sources of Energy and Nutrients among Adults in the US: NHANES 2003–2006

Identification of current food sources of energy and nutrients among US adults is needed to help with public health efforts to implement feasible and appropriate dietary recommendations. To determine the food sources of energy and 26 nutrients consumed by US adults the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 24-h recall (Day 1) dietary intake data from a nationally representative sample of adults 19+ years of age (y) (n = 9490) were analyzed. An updated USDA Dietary Source Nutrient Database was developed for NHANES 2003–2006 using current food composition databases. Food grouping included ingredients from disaggregated mixtures. Mean energy and nutrient intakes from food sources were sample-weighted. Percentages of total dietary intake contributed from food sources were ranked. The highest ranked sources of energy and nutrients among adults more than 19 years old were: energy—yeast bread/rolls (7.2%) and cake/cookies/quick bread/pastry/pie (7.2%); protein—poultry (14.4%) and beef (14.0%); total fat—other fats and oils (9.8%); saturated fatty acids—cheese (16.5%) and beef (9.1%); carbohydrate—soft drinks/soda (11.4%) and yeast breads/rolls (10.9%); dietary fiber—yeast breads/rolls (10.9%) and fruit (10.2%); calcium—milk (22.5%) and cheese (21.6%); vitamin D—milk (45.1%) and fish/shellfish (14.4%); and potassium—milk (9.6%) and coffee/tea/other non-alcoholic beverages (8.4%). Knowledge of primary food sources of energy and nutrients can help health professionals design effective strategies to reduce excess energy consumed by US adults and increase the nutrient adequacy of their diets.
The Relationships between Service Quality, Satisfaction, and Behavioral Intentions of Malaysian Spa Center Customers

This study examines the impact of service quality on satisfaction and revisit behavioral intention in a spa setting in Malaysia. It was found that Tangibles (β=.310, p=.00) and Empathy (β=.380, p=.00) had the strongest influence on customer satisfaction and behavioral intention, followed by Reliability (β= .22, p=.00) and Responsiveness (β=.10, p=.00). However, the only dimension of service quality that was not found to play a significant role in predicting customer satisfaction and behavioral intention is that of Assurance. These results will provide potential guidelines for spa managers who plan to attract customers to this highly competitive industry and enable them to formulate appropriate strategies. The study also strives to make a contribution to conceptual and policy formulation by understanding the real predictors of customer satisfaction and intention.
Understanding broadband television users' continuance intention to use

Purpose – Based on the tricomponent attitude model, a research model is developed to investigate the factors that influence users’ use intentions regarding broadband television. These factors are divided into vendor’s service and personal psychology perspectives. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The research sample consisted of 631 respondents with experience in using broadband television. This study adopted structural equation modeling to test the proposed model. Findings – The results show that the structural model has a good fit and indicates that perceived system quality, perceived content quality, customization, perceived ease of use, and perceived risk directly influence users’ opinions toward broadband television and indirectly affect their continuance intention to use through attitude to use. Practical implications – From a managerial standpoint, this study can assist internet protocol television (IPTV) service providers in understanding the critical determinan.
Unsteady flow phenomena in human undulatory swimming: a numerical approach

The undulatory underwater sequence is one of the most important phases in competitive swimming. An understanding of the recurrent vortex dynamics around the human body and their generation could therefore be used to improve swimming techniques. In order to produce a dynamic model, we applied human joint kinematics to three-dimensional (3D) body scans of a female swimmer. The flow around this dynamic model was then calculated using computational fluid dynamics with the aid of moving 3D meshes. Evaluation of the numerical results delivered by the various motion cycles identified characteristic vortex structures for each of the cycles, which exhibited increasing intensity and drag influence. At maximum thrust, drag forces appear to be 12 times higher than those of a passive gliding swimmer. As far as we know, this is the first disclosure of vortex rings merging into vortex tubes in the wake after vortex recapturing. All unsteady structures were visualized using a modified Q-criterion also incorporated into our methods. At the very least, our approach is likely to be suited to further studies examining swimmers engaging in undulatory swimming during training or competition.
Impact of a Preemptive Strategy After 3 Months of Valganciclovir Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Background. We assessed the impact of a preemptive strategy after discontinuation of antiviral prophylaxis in the prevention of late-onset cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in a cohort of kidney transplant recipients. Methods. Patients undergoing kidney transplantation at the University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) between November 2003 and November 2007 were included if they were donor or recipient (D/R) seropositive for CMV. All patients received 3 months of prophylaxis with valganciclovir, followed by monitoring of CMV DNAemia by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) every 15 days during 3 additional months. Valganciclovir was restarted if CMV PCR was more than or equal to 10,000 copies/mL. The primary endpoint of the study was the incidence of late-onset CMV disease. Results. Eighty-six kidney transplant recipients were included; 30 patients were D+/R− and 56 patients were R+ for CMV. At 6 months posttransplant, CMV DNAemia had occurred in 31 of 86 (36%) patients: 13 of 30 (43%) in the D+/R− group and 18 of 56 (32%) in the R+ group (P=0.35). In the D+/R− group, among the 13 patients with CMV DNAemia, 7 (54%) patients developed late-onset CMV disease, simultaneously to the first positive viral load (n=5) or after detection of low-grade viremia (n=2). Only two patients received a preemptive treatment. In the R+ group, all positive PCR results were below the established cutoff. Thus, these 18 patients were not treated, and none of them developed late-onset CMV disease (R+ vs. D+/R−: P<0.001). Conclusions. Within the limitations of a noncontrolled study, our data indicate that a preemptive strategy after 3 months of valganciclovir prophylaxis for CMV is not useful in R+ kidney transplant recipients. In D+/R− patients, this approach should be further evaluated.
High-Frequency, High-Power Resonant Inverter With eGaN FET for Wireless Power Transfer

This letter presents a high-power resonant inverter using an enhancement mode gallium nitride (eGaN) device with magnetic resonant coupling (MRC) coils at 13.56 MHz for wireless power transfer (WPT). The power inverter driving the transmitting coils is based on a class <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Phi _2$</tex-math> </inline-formula> inverter, a single-switch topology with low switch-voltage stress, and fast transient response. The implementation utilizes a recently available eGaN device in a low-inductance package that is compatible with operation in the 10 s of MHz switching frequency. In this letter, we present experimental measurements of the inverter in a WPT application and characterize the system performance over various distances and operating conditions. Before using MRC coils, we evaluated the performance of the class <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Phi _2$</tex-math> </inline-formula> inverter with the eGaN FET. It delivered 1.3-kW output to a 50-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Omega$</tex-math></inline-formula> load with an efficiency of 95% when a 280-V input voltage was applied. For WPT operation, we added the open-type four-coil unit with a diameter of 300 mm to deliver power over 270-mm distance. With the addition of MRC coils, the class <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Phi _2$</tex-math></inline-formula> inverter provided 823-W output power with 87% efficiency over 270-mm distance between coils.
Single‐fraction radiosurgery for the treatment of spinal breast metastases

The spine is the most common site of bony metastases in patients with osseous breast carcinoma metastases. Spine metastases are the source of significant pain and occasionally neurologic deficit in this patient population. Conventional external beam radiotherapy lacks the precision to allow delivery of large single‐fraction doses of radiation and simultaneously limit the dose to radiosensitive structures such as the spinal cord. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy of the treatment of spinal breast carcinoma metastases with a single‐fraction radiosurgical technique.
Delay in seeking help and onset of crisis among Al-Anon wives.

A survey of 123 Al-Anon wives in the Washington, D.C. area revealed that these women delayed an average of more than 7 years after the first occurrence of problem drinking before finally seeking help. The various drinking-related problems antecedent to the wives' seeking help clustered into four time periods composed of similar types of problems; (1) nonthreatening events, such as arrest, occurred 7 years prior to help seeking; (2) acts of physical violence, 5 years; (3) intervention by outside authorities, 3 years; and (4) recognition by significant others that the drinking was out of control, 2 years. The phenomenon of extended delay before recognition of the problem and help seeking is consistent with the paradigm developed from studies of mental patients and their families: pathological behavior becomes defined as a problem only after a long accumulation of bizarre episodes.
Prevalence of plasma lipid abnormalities in Saudi children.

BACKGROUND Lipid levels in children vary in different populations. Due to a close association between high lipid levels and development of atherosclerosis, considerable interest has been directed to investigating lipid levels in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted this study on 2914 children with ages ranging from 1 year to <15 years, randomly selected during a national household screening program. Fasting blood samples were used for estimation of triglyceride and cholesterol levels. RESULTS The overall range for cholesterol was 2.0-5.7 mmol/L and for triglyceride the overall range was 0.1-1.7 mmol/L. The children were separated into 14 groups depending on age, and the cholesterol and triglyceride levels were calculated in each age group. Using published guidelines for estimating "borderline" and "high risk" for coronary artery disease from cholesterol and triglyceride levels, the prevalence of borderline and high-risk groups was calculated. 7.72% of the children fell in the borderline risk group and 1.55% in the high-risk group using cholesterol values, while using triglyceride values, 1.4% and 0.55% fell in the borderline and high-risk groups, respectively. The prevalence of abnormality varied in the different age groups. CONCLUSION The paper discusses the need for a lipid awareness program in Saudi children in an attempt to decrease the complications associated with dyslipidemias during adulthood.
Young Children Are Frozen: Reflexive Clitics and the Universal Freezing Hypothesis

Abstract Here we present new evidence of children’s early success at reflexive-clitic constructions in Italian and French. This success is surprising because the reflexive-clitic construction shares a number of syntactic characteristics with the English verbal passive, which is acquired much later. We propose a new analysis of children’s difficulties with the passive, the Universal Freezing Hypothesis, based on the “smuggling” approach to English passives developed in Collins 2005a. The UFH correctly distinguishes between English passives and Romance reflexive clitics. 1. Background In children acquiring English, clear, unequivocal verbal passives are not reliably present until after age 4;0 (Bever 1970, Horgan 1976, Maratsos et al. 1985, de Villiers and de Villiers 1985, Borer and Wexler 1987, Meints 1999). A dissenting view can be found in recent work of O’Brien, Grolla and Lillo-Martin (2006), but for present purposes we will assume that the verbal passive poses genuine difficulties even for relatively old English-speaking children. Passives are also late in children acquiring German (Mills 1985, Abbot-Smith and Behrens 2005), Dutch (Verrips 1996), Japanese (Sugisaki 1997, Murasugi 2000) and Serbian (Djurkovic 2005). Much earlier acquisition of verbal passives has been claimed for Sesotho (Demuth 1987), Inuktitut (Allen and Crago 1996) and Kiche (Pye and Poz 1998), but the evidence is controversial (Crawford 2004, Johns 1992, Hyams et al., to appear).
Corporate Culture and Organizational Change- a Study on a Large Pharmaceutical Company in Bangladesh

This paper investigates the relationship between corporate culture and attitudes toward organizational change from the perspectives of a large pharmaceutical company in Bangladesh. A structured questionnaire was developed on the basis of the competing values framework of culture typology of Cameron and Quinn (2006) and a study of Justina Simon (June 2012), which was distributed to the 55 staff members of the company. The result shows that there is a significant relationship between corporate culture and organizational change. The study reveals that the organization has adopted all four types of organizational culture and the dominant existing organizational culture is the hierarchy culture. The study also shows that the resistance to change is a function of organizational culture. The implications of the study are also discussed.
Attitudes about Care at the End of Life among Clinicians: A Quick, Reliable, and Valid Assessment Instrument

Several initiatives to improve care at the end of life involve educational programs to influence clinicians’ attitudes about care for patients with terminal illnesses. The objective of this research was to develop and test a short and easily administered instrument for measuring physicians’ and nurses’ attitudes towards care at the end of life. The instrument was tested using a cross-sectional study of 50 clinicians (25 physicians and 25 nurses) from general medicine, cardiology, oncology, and geriatric medicine. Both reliability and validity were assessed, and the instrument was found to have acceptable test-retest reliability and construct validity. Such an assessment instrument may be useful in evaluating the impact of initiatives to modify attitudes towards terminal care and in improving the quality of care at the end of life.
Physiological responses to indoor rock-climbing and their relationship to maximal cycle ergometry.

PURPOSE To quantify the cardiorespiratory responses to indoor climbing during two increasingly difficult climbs and relate them to whole-body dynamic exercise. It was hypothesized that as climbing difficulty increased, oxygen consumption ([V02] and heart rate would increase, and that climbing would require utilization of a significant fraction of maximal cycling values. METHODS Elite competitive sport rock climbers (6 male, 3 female) completed two data collection sessions. The first session was completed at an indoor climbing facility, and the second session was an incremental cycle test to exhaustion. During indoor climbing subjects were randomly assigned to climb two routes designated as "harder" or "easier" based on their previous best climb. Subjects wore a portable metabolic system, which allowed measurement of oxygen consumption [V02], minute ventilation ([V02]E), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and heart rate. During the second session, maximal values for [V02], [V02]E, RER, and heart rate were determined during an incremental cycle test to exhaustion. RESULTS Heart rate and [VO2], expressed as percent of cycling maximum, were significantly higher during harder climbing compared with easier climbing. During harder climbing, %HR(max) was significantly higher than %[V02] (2max) (89.6% vs 51.2%), and during easier climbing, %HR(max) was significantly higher than %[V02] (2max) (66.9% vs 45.3%). CONCLUSIONS With increasing levels of climbing difficulty, there is a rise in both heart rate and [V02]. However, there is a disproportional rise in heart rate compared with [V02], which we attribute to the fact that climbing requires the use of intermittent isometric contractions of the arm musculature and the reliance of both anaerobic and aerobic metabolism.
Verbal working memory in children with mild intellectual disabilities.

BACKGROUND Previous research into working memory of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) has established clear deficits. The current study examined working memory in children with mild ID (IQ 55-85) within the framework of the Baddeley model, fractionating working memory into a central executive and two slave systems, the phonological loop and visuo-spatial sketchpad. METHOD Working memory was investigated in three groups: 50 children with mild ID (mean age 15 years 3 months), 25 chronological age-matched control children (mean age 15 years 3 months) and 25 mental age-matched control children (mean age 10 years 10 months). The groups were given multiple assessments of the phonological-loop and central-executive components. RESULTS The results showed that the children with mild ID had an intact automatic rehearsal, but performed poorly on phonological-loop capacity and central-executive tests when compared with children matched for chronological age, while there were only minimal differences relative to the performance of the children matched for mental age. CONCLUSIONS This overall pattern of results is consistent with a developmental delay account of mild ID. The finding of a phonological-loop capacity deficit has important implications for the remedial training of children with mild ID.
Naloxone has a direct effect on the adrenal cortex.

The effects of naloxone on basal and ACTHstimulated corticosterone secretion from superfused rat adrenocortical tissue were investigated. High doses (10-3 and 10-4M) of naloxone produced a decline in basal steroidogenesis, whereas lower doses (10-5-10-7 M) of naloxone resulted in elevations of corticosterone secretion. The simultaneous addition of an aliquot of ACTH and varying amounts of naloxone resulted in a dose-dependent alteration in the steroidgenic response by the tissue to ACTH. With higher doses (10-3 and 10-4 M) of naloxone, there were little or no significant alterations in the response to an initial dose of ACTH; however, the steroidogenic responses to ACTH administered 2 and 4 h after the single aliquot of naloxone were significantly potentiated. The lower dose of naloxone (10-610-10 M) resulted only in the potentiation of the initial ACTH response. The simultaneous administration of ACTH and 10-12 M naloxone resulted in no apparent alteration in the response to ACTH at any period in the stu.
An improved design procedure for hybrid stepper motors

A design methodology for hybrid stepper motors is presented. It takes into account the saturation throughout the motor, allows for variations in magnet working point, and enables the designer to optimize the balance of coil and magnet MMFS (magnetomotive forces) to achieve a specified holding torque. The procedure is based on the use of the finite-element technique to generate permeance curves for the complex tooth/airgap region of the motor, accounting for localized saturation effects in the teeth. The curves are then used in a nonlinear lumped parameter network of the entire motor. The network models the motor's 3-D nature and may include other saturating elements as well as leakage permeances. By applying the virtual-work technique, the lumped parameter network is used to calculate torque/displacement characteristics as well as the winding inductance and back-EMF (electromotive force) constants. The technique has been used in the design and analysis of several industrial stepper motors utilizing high-energy rare-earth magnets. >
The complete mitochondrial genome of the toad-headed lizard, Phrynocephalus forsythii (Reptilia, Squamata, Agamidae)

Abstract In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of Phrynocephalus forsythii (Reptilia, Squamata, Agamidae), which is a circular molecule of 16,143 bp in size and consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs and 2 non-coding sequence (D-loop). The mitogenome of P. forsythii was similar to the typical mtDNA of vertebrates in gene arrangement and composition. The control region composed of two parts: one (348 bp) between tRNAPhe and the other (636 bp) between tRNAPro and 12S rRNA. The A + T content of overall base of the composition of H-strand is 62.0% (T: 25.6%, C: 25.7%, A: 36.3% and G: 12.3%). The whole mitogenomic sequence of P. forsythii provides powerful data to study of its phylogenetic position within toad-headed lizards.
Set-related activity in the premotor cortex of rhesus monkeys: effect of triggering cues and relatively long delay intervals.

"Set-related activity" has been defined as a significant alteration in neuronal discharge rate during an "instructed delay period," a period when a previously instructed movement is being withheld. It has been argued that set-related activity in the primate premotor cortex, or at least a significant proportion of it, reflects motor preparation. In most previous investigations, however, in which visual stimuli have triggered the movement and simultaneously indicated its target, set-related activity might reflect either the anticipation of or attention to the trigger stimulus. The present report shows that set-related activity is robust and can be directionally selective when trigger stimuli do not indicate the target and when a trigger stimulus is absent. Another feature of previous studies has been the relatively brief intervals between the instruction and trigger stimuli (typically 3 sec or less). In the present study, we were able to observe the activity of a small number of cells during longer delay periods. Set-related activity persists, although it becomes less consistent, for as much as 7.5 sec after an instruction stimulus. These results support the hypothesis that set-related activity reflects the preparation for specific limb movements.