Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Por uma abordagem diacrônica dos gêneros

Este estudo busca delinear uma metodologia para analise de generos, que considera o continuo processo de transformacoes pelas quais um genero passa em sua trajetoria evolucionaria. Nesse sentido, a partir do levantamento de editoriais de jornais cearenses do seculo XIX aos dias atuais, e proposto um caminho teorico-metodologico em duas dimensoes: a do contexto e a do texto. Com a primeira dimensao, pretende-se dar conta dos aspectos que circundam o ritual enunciativo: o contexto socio-historico em que os textos foram produzidos, bem como os participantes envolvidos na interacao e seus respectivos propositos; com a segunda dimensao, volta-se o olhar para aspectos ligados a forma (diagramacao e locus do texto), ao conteudo (assunto tratado no texto, topico discursivo), e a norma (mecanismos linguisticos e estrategias discursivas que se revelam prototipicos ou proeminentes). Acredita-se que a proposta apresentada possa vir a contribuir com os estudos de uma area que aos poucos vai se inaugurando entre nos: a filologia dos generos do discurso.
Code Choice in the Language Classroom

Acknowledgments Preface Part 1: Conceptual Framework 1 Monolingual Norms and Multilingual Realities 2 The Conundrum of Babel: Toward a Theoretical Framework for a Multilingual Approach 3 What is a Code? What is Code-Switching? Part 2: Empirical Support 4 The Code Choice Status Quo of the Language Classroom 5 The Discourse of Classroom Code Choice: Toward Becoming Bilingual Part 3: Curriculum 6 An Architecture of Classroom Code Choice 7 Getting from Marked to Unmarked and Back Again: Articulation of Multilingual Classroom Communities of Practice Epilogue: Blessings of Babel References Index
Stochastic simulation of a DSGE model for Brazil

In this paper we investigate the Smets & Wouters (2003a) DSGE model for Brazil, through a numerical simulation based on the Dynare code (developed by Cepremap). Impulse Response functions are presented and a Bayesian estimation is also conducted from the prior distributions of the parameters.
Circulation analysis of an engineering monograph approval plan

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to describe the quantitative evaluation of an engineering monograph approval plan using circulation analysis.Design/methodology/approach – The circulation frequency of titles purchased under the approval plan was analyzed, and compared with the circulation frequency of all engineering books during the same time period, purchased both individually and through the plan.Findings – It was found that 23 percent of the approval plan books circulated, compared with 6 percent of engineering books as a whole. There was considerable variation in circulation frequency between engineering disciplines, but approval plan books circulated much more frequently in all subject areas.Research limitations/implications – This study assesses circulation only during the most recent complete year, which means that the approval plan books are all new books. However, more than half of the books in the engineering collection are less than ten years old, so age is unlikely to be the only reas.
Block Error Probability for Noncoherent FSK with Diversity for Very Slow Rayleigh Fading in Gaussian Noise

Expressions are derived for the average probability of block error P_{f}(M, N) , i.e., the probability of more than M errors in a block of N symbols. The average is formed over the inatantaneous receiver signal-to-noise ratio after combining. Binary frequency-shift keying with noncoherent detection is transmitted over a very slow nonselective Rayleigh fading channel and received in additive Gaussian noise. Diversity is used and the branch fading is assumed independent. Formulas for P_{f}(M, N) are derived for both ideal selection combining and maximal ratio combining.
Salt-Affected Soil Mapping in an Arid Environment Using Semi-Empirical Model and Landsat-OLI Data

The aim of this research is to map the salt-affected soil in an arid environment using an advanced semi-empirical predictive model, Operational Land Imager (OLI) data, a digital elevation model (DEM), field soil sampling, and laboratory and statistical analyses. To achieve our objectives, the OLI data were atmospherically corrected, radiometric sensor drift was calibrated, and distortions of topography and geometry were corrected using a DEM. Then, the soil salinity map was derived using a semi-empirical predictive model based on the Soil Salinity and Sodicity Index-2 (SSSI-2). The vegetation cover map was extracted from the Transformed Difference Vegetation Index (TDVI). In addition, accurate DEM of 5-m pixels was used to derive topographic attributes (elevation and slope). Visual comparisons and statistical validation of the semi-empirical model using ground truth were undertaken in order to test its capability in an arid environment for moderate and strong salinity mapping. To accomplish this step, fieldwork was organized and 120 soil samples were collected with various degrees of salinity, including non-saline soil samples. Each one was automatically labeled using a digital camera and an accurate global positioning system (GPS) survey (σ ≤ ± 30 cm) connected in real time to the geographic information system (GIS) database. Subsequently, in the laboratory, the major exchangeable cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl- and SO42-), pH and the electrical conductivity (EC-Lab) were extracted from a saturated soil paste, as well as the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) being calculated. The EC-Lab, which is generally accepted as the most effective method for soil salinity quantification was used for statistical analysis and validation purposes. The obtained results demonstrated a very good conformity between the derived soil salinity map from OLI data and the ground truth, highlighting six major salinity classes: Extreme, very high, high, moderate, low and non-saline. The laboratory chemical analyses corroborate these results. Furthermore, the semi-empirical predictive model provides good global results in comparison to the ground truth and laboratory analysis (EC-Lab), with correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.97, an index of agreement (D) of 0.84 (p < 0.05), and low overall root mean square error (RMSE) of 11%. Moreover, we found that topographic attributes have a substantial impact on the spatial distribution of salinity. The areas at a relatively high altitude and with hard bedrock are less susceptible to salinity, while areas at a low altitude and slope (≤2%) composed of Quaternary soil are prone to it. In these low areas, the water table is very close to the surface (≤1 m), and the absence of an adequate drainage network contributes significantly to waterlogging. Consequently, the intrusion and emergence of seawater at the surface, coupled with high temperature and high evaporation rates, contribute extensively to the soil salinity in the study area.
A low-voltage mobility-based frequency reference for crystal-less ULP radios

The design of a 100 kHz frequency reference based on the electron mobility in a MOS transistor is presented. The proposed low-voltage low-power circuit requires no off-chip components, making it suitable for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) applications. After one-point calibration the spread of its output frequency is less than 1.1% (3sigma) over the temperature range from -22degC to 85degC. Fabricated in a baseline 65-nm CMOS technology, the frequency reference occupies 0.11 mm2 and draws 34 muA from a 1.2-V supply at room temperature.
Exploring Users' Perceptions of Conventional and Unconventional Electronic Resources

Abstract This study explores and compares Chinese university library users' perceptions of conventional electronic resources inside the library and unconventional electronic resources outside the library in terms of ease of use, usefulness, and usage. Data collected from 278 library users were used for data analysis. The independent samples t test and one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) present the exact nature of library users' perceptions of conventional electronic resources and unconventional electronic resources. The paired samples t test suggests that unconventional electronic resources outside the library are playing a role as a complement rather than a substitute to the conventional electronic resources inside the library. Hierarchical regression analysis indicates that both ease of use and usefulness can predict usage in the case of both conventional and unconventional electronic resources. These findings and their implications are discussed.
Movement of visual attention

One of widespread metaphors for visual attention is that it acts as if shining a spotlight on the visual field. This spotlight metaphor indicates that attention selects a place at which to enhance the efficiency of information processing and this is supported by a number of experiments. The spotlight metaphor, furthermore, suggests that the attentional beam can move smoothly as would a spotlight. Contrary to spatial selection, this part of the metaphor is controversial. Although there are several reports in the literature that suggest the smooth motion of visual attention, several researchers have pointed out serious methodological problems of these reports. The results of these reports may be explained with shifts of attention that discretely jumps. Since saccadic eye movements (jumpy eye movements to shift the line of sight) are thought to follow the attentional spotlight, attention may be a mechanism to shift discretely. On the other hand, attention may shift smoothly when observers are tracking smoothly moving objects. Previous reports measured the effect of reaction time speeding by pre-cues, which is assumed to attract attention at a location. Shifting attention to the pre-cued location may not elicit smooth shifts in attention. We introduce a paradigm to measure the location of attention while tracking a moving object to examine whether attention moves smoothly in such cases, and show evidence that support the smooth motion of attention.
Rhythm perception and music cognition: a brief survey

How does our mind process musical rhythm? Based on recent researches and theories on music cognition, the present paper seeks to clarify this question by discussing some issues related to rhythm perception, such as the mental processes involved in the recognition, coding, and retrieval of rhythm and the influence of enculturation and formal musical training on these processes.
Impact of accreditation on public and private universities: a comparative study

Based on two cycles of assessments for accreditation, this study assesses the differential impacts of accreditation on public and private universities in Ghana. Analysis of the evaluator reports indicates no statistically significant difference–improvement or deterioration–between the two cycles of evaluations for both types of institutions. A test comparing the two-cycle aggregated assessment scores between the two categories of universities, however, indicated a significant difference, with the public universities achieving better scores (improvements). Drawing on the evaluators’ reports and the opinions expressed by academics from both categories of institutions, the conclusion was that isomorphic pressures, largely faced by the private universities, accounted for their implementation of suggestions for improvement by the evaluators.
Assessment Study of an Undergraduate Research Training Abroad Program

The Old Westbury Neuroscience International Research Program (OWNIP) encourages undergraduate students from health disparities populations and underrepresented minorities to pursue careers in basic science, biomedical, clinical, and behavioral health research fields. To evaluate this program, several measures were used tracked through an online learning management system (ModdleMentors and Angel), including: science related perceptions by students; student program assessments; laboratory performance of students evaluated by mentors; and (since 2011) student performance of weekly and biweekly online deliverables, a journal entry, and a research report. Herein we describe our more broad-based approach to program evaluations of this type, including the articulation of a full program model linking key program elements with priority outcomes, and the reporting of findings from the first and second cohort of students who participated in the summers of 2010 and 2011 and the tracking of students who have participated since the inception of the program in 1994.
Diversité anatomique et efficience du bois de tension des arbres de forêt tropicale humide

Le bois de tension est un tissu developpe par les angiospermes afin de redresser ou de maintenir leur position verticale. Ce tissu genere de fortes contraintes de tension capables de courber un tronc vers le haut. Dans la litterature, l’anatomie du bois de tension est caracterisee par la presence d’une couche gelatineuse (couche G) non lignifiee dans la paroi des fibres. Cette these vise a etudier la diversite anatomique du bois de tension ainsi que les mecanismes de generation des contraintes de tension associes et les eventuelles variations de l’efficience du redressement, afin de comprendre comment les arbres se redressent. Elle s’appuie sur des observations anatomiques sur 291 especes tropicales, sur des estimations de contraintes de maturation sur arbres adultes ainsi que sur une nouvelle methode d’estimation des contraintes de maturation sur des individus juveniles artificiellement inclines et tuteures en serre. Nos resultats montrent que la couche G est presente dans la majorite des especes, bien qu’elle soit majoritairement masquee par de la lignine. Dans un faible nombre d’especes, la couche G est absente du bois de tension. Dans ces especes, le mecanisme de generation des contraintes de tension implique l’interaction du bois avec l’ecorce. Bien que la contrainte de tension soit generee dans des compartiments distincts (le bois et/ou l’ecorce), ces deux mecanismes de generation des contraintes de tension ont une efficience de redressement similaire dans le stade juvenile. Les resultats de cette etude ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives de recherche, notamment sur le role fonctionnel de la lignine dans la couche G.
Investigating the Relationship between the Morphological Processing of Regular and Irregular Words and L2 Vocabulary Acquisition

The present study investigates the relationship between the morphological processing of regular and irregular words and second language (L2) vocabulary acquisition. In considering that monolingual Arabic speakers derive a large number of new words from roots by leaning heavily on the regularity of rules in Arabic (Bar & Dershowitz, 2012; Habash, 2010), they are expected to experience difficulty when developing the lexicon of a language with less regular rules, such as English. To examine this assumption empirically, data were collected by administering an English receptive vocabulary knowledge test that included 100 regular and irregular inflected and derived words to 450 Arabic English as a foreign language (EFL) learners from schools in Saudi Arabia. The test also included pesudowords (non-words) to act as ‘gatekeepers’ against the possibility of guessing. The t-test results revealed a non-significant difference in learners’ uptake of L2 words, whether regular or irregular. However, the study indicates that word frequency plays a statistically significant role in learning L2 vocabulary that is irregularly inflected or derived. The frequency effect on irregular word morphology found in this study is in line with the approach of a dual-route mechanism. This approach suggests that irregular words are not rule-based, so are stored in the mental lexicon as full entries, whereas regular words are not. This article suggests that introducing rules for deriving new words from base forms to EFL learners in the early stages of learning would be very useful for L2 vocabulary development.
Demand-System Estimation: Update

The nlsur command is better suited to demand-system estimation than the suite of ado-files provided in Poi (2002, Stata Journal 2: 403–410) because it is faster and requires only one ancillary ado-file. This article replicates the results presented in Poi (2002) by using nlsur instead of ml.
Implications of What Children Know About Computer Passwords

The purpose of this aricle is to present several implications and recommendations regarding what elementary school children, aged 9–12 years, know about computer passwords and what they know about why computer passwords are important. Student knowledge can then be used to make relevant curriculum decisions based in conjunction with applicable state and national standards. Weak computer password construction, use, and knowledge have been identified as areas of high risk for data security. By identifying what children know about passwords, an appropriate curriculum can be designed to help children develop strong password habits that will minimize unauthorized data access via computer technology. This is especially important because elementary school children today will become industry computer users tomorrow. By instilling appropriate computer password habits in children today, curriculum can be designed to follow them through the education experience and into industry. Relevant standards from the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE), ISTE National Educational Technology Standards for Students (NETS•S), and the Association for Computing Machinery's Computer Science Teachers Association K–12 (CSTA K–12) are referenced.
POS Tagging Bahasa Indonesia Dengan HMM Dan Rule Based

The research conduct a Part of Speech Tagging (POS-tagging) for text in Indonesian language, supporting another process in digitising natural language e.g. Indonesian language text parsing. POS-tagging is an automated process of labelling word classes for certain word in sentences (Jurafsky and Martin, 2000). The escalated issue is how to acquire an accurate word class labelling in sentence domain. The author would like to propose a method which combine Hidden Markov Model and Rule Based method. The expected outcome in this research is a better accurary in word class labelling, resulted by only using Hidden Markov Model. The labelling results –from Hidden Markov Model– are refined by validating with certain rule, composed by the used corpus automatically. From the conducted research through some POST document, using Hidden Markov Model, produced 100% as the highest accurary for identical text within corpus. For different text within the referenced corpus, used words subjected in corpus, produced 92,2% for the highest accurary.
Flexibility of Attention and Elite Athletes' Performance in ‘Fast-Ball-Games’

Flexibility of attention discriminated between levels of performance by bus drivers and pilots. The present pilot study investigated the extent to which flexibility of attention discriminated between levels of performance on tasks involving coincident anticipation. A group of elite performers in fast-ball-games made fewer errors after switching attention than did a group of good performers.
Writing, computers, and rhetorical situations: A composition odyssey

This thesis, an autoethnography, e:^lores my own, personal experiences using technology in various writing situations: my writing process, collaborative publishing, my M.A. internship, online tutoring, and my first experience teaching college English composition in a computer classroom. While many compositionists have evaluated the usefulness of technology in settings similar to the ones I discuss in this thesis, most researchers have relied on more quantitative methodologies that, because of their supposed objective and impartial nature, cannot adequately assess the ways writers, teachers, and students are (or can be) personally affected and influenced by the features of computer technology. In addition to offering a qualitative analysis of situations involving technology, this thesis attempts to explain some of the complexities of learning to integrate technology with various facets of composition studies. Although there may be times that we choose to supplement writing situations with certain computer technologies, there may also be occasions for which an integration is more beneficial. However, in order to successfully create such integrations, we need to.
The Interbull audit project part II: Development of a program for auditing breeding value estimation programs

In this project a simulation program is developed to generate performance records in order to check national breeding value estimation programs. An algorithm developed by R. THOMPSON, 1997, is used to simulate breeding values for base animals and their offspring, that follows the rules of the mixed model equations. The program generates performance records based on simulated breeding values. Solving the mixed model equations leads exactly to the simulated fixed effects and breeding values.
Models of massive parallelism: analysis of cellular automata and neural networks

This textbook provides an introduction to the fundamental models of massively parallel computation, the most important technique for high-performance computing. It presents a coherent exposition of analytic methods and results for the exploration and understanding of cellular automata and discrete neural networks as computational and dynamical systems. The book will be useful also as a reference manual to the scattered literature in the field. Each chapter includes a separate bibliography, as well as pointers to historically relevant papers, and gives exercise problems for the reader.
A comparison of classification algorithms using Landsat-7 and Landsat-8 data for mapping lithology in Canada’s Arctic

To map Arctic lithology in central Victoria Island, Canada, the relative performance of advanced classifiers (Neural Network (NN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF)) were compared to Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC) results using Landsat-7 and Landsat-8 imagery. A ten-repetition cross-validation classification approach was applied. Classification performance was evaluated visually and statistically using the global classification accuracy, producer’s and user’s accuracies for each individual lithological/spectral class, and cross-comparison agreement. The advanced classifiers outperformed MLC, especially when training data were not normally distributed. The Landsat-8 classification results were comparable to Landsat-7 using the advanced classifiers but differences were more pronounced when using MLC. Rescaling the Landsat-8 data from 16 bit to 8 bit substantially increased classification accuracy when MLC was applied but had little impact on results from the advanced classifiers.
English for Specific Purposes: Podcasts for Listening Skills

The most needed ability in everyday communication is skills of listening. Ability to follow a speaker in a foreign language and respond appropriately needs to be taught like all other language skills. A novel approach to perfecting listening skills has emerged due to audio publishing online. It is known as “podcasting” and has become very popular because it offers language learners extra listening practice both inside and outside the classroom. Moreover, podcasting as online communication technology is a new way to inspire learning: it provides an exciting way for students and educators to explore and discover educational content. However, the applicability of podcasting to teaching English needs researching.This paper addresses research into learners’ perceptions of online listening to podcasts, self-evaluation of one’s performance in individual listening practice and reflections on practical ways of improving skills of listening and developing listening competence. Some implications of research are suggested including a blended learning, i.e. combination of multiple approaches to learning by harmonizing online listening with classroom audition activities in teaching / learning English for Specific Purposes.