Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of fifteen ecdysone-inducible Drosophila genes reveal unexpected complexities in ecdysone regulation

Our insights into the regulatory mechanisms by which the steroid hormone ecdysone triggers Drosophila melanogaster metamorphosis have largely depended on puffs in the larval salivary gland polytene chromosomes as a means of identifying genes of interest. Here, we describe an approach that provides access to ecdysone-inducible genes that are expressed in most larval and imaginal tissues, regardless of their ability to form puffs in the polytene chromosomes. Several hundred cDNAs were picked at random from subtracted cDNA libraries and subjected to a rapid and sensitive screen for their ability to detect mRNAs induced by ecdysone in the presence of cycloheximide. Of the 15 genes identified in this manner, 2 correspond to early puffs in the salivary gland polytene chromosomes, at 63F and 75B, confirming that this screen functions at the desired level of sensitivity and is capable of identifying novel primary-response genes. Three of the genes, Eig45-1, Eig58, and Eig87, are expressed coordinately with the salivary gland early genes; one of them, Eig58, maps to the 58BC puff that is active when the 74EF and 75B early puffs are at their maximal size. Another gene identified in this screen, Eig17-1, encodes a novel cytochrome P-450. On the basis of its sequence identity and temporal profile of expression, this gene may play a role in steroid hormone metabolism and thus could provide a mechanism for feedback regulation of ecdysone production. Although all 15 genes have patterns of transcription that are consistent with ecdysone regulation in vivo, 5 genes do not appear to be induced by the late larval ecdysone pulse. This indicates that ecdysone induction in larval organs cultured with cycloheximide is not always indicative of a primary response to the hormone.
Numerical and experimental investigation of the hemodynamics of an artificial heart valve.

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Hemodynamics of an Artificial Heart Valve K. Davis Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa. Thesis: MEng (Mech) December 2018 Artificial heart valves used during valve replacement surgery currently suffer from fatigue (biological valves) or thrombosis (mechanical valves). This study focused on the experimental testing and simulation of a new polyurethane valve (PV tall) based on a previous polyurethane valve design. The new PV tall valve was experimentally evaluated against the original polyurethane design (PV short) and a commercially available tissue valve (tissue), as well as numerically simulated. All three valves were evaluated in a ViVitro Labs pulse duplicator to determine the pressure drop, effective orifice area and percentage regurgitation as required by FDA and ISO regulation. The PV tall valve had a noticeable decrease in the pressure drop and percentage regurgitation compared to the PV short valve, whereas the commercial tissue valve had the lowest values. The effective orifice area of the PV tall valve outperformed the tissue valve at larger cardiac outputs. Particle image velocimetry testing was performed on all three valves during pulse duplication. The obtained velocity vector fields were examined and the viscous shear stress (VSS), Reynolds shear stress (RSS), major Reynolds shear stress (RSSma j ) and turbulent viscous shear stress (TVSS) was determined to predict the onset of hemolysis and platelet activation. The measured VSS was below the threshold for both platelet activation and hemolysis, however the TVSS predicted that platelet activation could potentially occur for all three valves. The RSSma j value predicted that both platelet activation and hemolysis would occur. The RSSma j and RSS values were found to be subject to manipulation through filtering of large velocity fluctuations, however the VSS and TVSS values did not vary significantly through filtering. A numerical simulation procedure was developed using only open-source software to perform fluid-structure interaction simulations of the newly designed PV tall heart iii Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za
Pengaruh Pendidikan dan Pengalaman Kerja terhadap Etos Kerja yang Berdampak pada Kepuasan Kerja

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari pendidikan dan pengalaman kerja terhadap etos kerja serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh etos kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja dari seseorang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian replikasi dan modifikasi dari penelitian sebelumnya yang pernah dilakukan oleh Adibah (2014) , Boatwright & Slate (2000) dan Scott J.Vitell dengan D. L. Davis (1990). Pada penelitian ini terdapat 4 variabel dengan jumlah indikator sebanyak 35 buah. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 100 orang dengan karakteristik mereka merupakan mahasiswa Magister Manajement dari UBAYA yang memiliki pendidikan minimal S1 dan pernah / sedang bekerja sebelumnya. Metode pengolahan menggunakan analisa regresi sederhana dengan menggunakan software SPSS versi 18 windows. Hasil yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini berbeda dengan penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya, pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa pendidikan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap etos kerja, pengalaman kerja juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap etos kerja serta etos kerja juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja.
LIMITATIONS IN THE HISTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF PYRIDINE NUCLEOTIDE-LINKED DEHYDROGENASES ("NOTHING DEHYDROGENASE")

1. The ability of SH groups in well-dialyzed protein fractions to reduce exogenous pyridine nucleotides has been described in the biochemical literature. 2. This effect has been shown to be the cause of the positive histochemical result obtained when fresh tissue sections are incubated at alkaline pH levels with oxidized pyridine nucleotides (DPN or TPN) and tetrazolium salts, in the absence of any substrate. 3. The effect is pH-dependent, commencing at about pH 7.0 and rising to a maximum between pH 8.0 and 9.0. It is abolished by low concentrations of sulphydryl inhibitors or by heating the tissues. 4. The specific diaphorases are unaffected by sulphydryl inhibitors and these are presumed to transfer hydrogen and electrons from the reduced pyridine nucleotides (DPNH, TPNH) to the tetrazolium salt. 5. The development of histochemical methods for specific pyridine nucleotide-linked dehydrogenases is hindered by the activity described, to which Racker's convenient term "nothing dehydrogenase" has been applied.
Clinical and genetic risk factors for pneumonia in systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE To define the contribution of polymorphisms in genes encoding tumor necrosis factor (TNF), mannose-binding lectin (MBL), and Fcgamma receptor IIa (FCGR2A) as well as clinical factors, to the development of pneumonia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS We studied 282 SLE patients from a multiethnic cohort. Pneumonia events and clinical risk factors for pneumonia were identified through medical record review. Genotyping was performed for MBL (+223, +230, and +239), TNF (-308, -238, and +488), and FCGR2A (-131H/R) polymorphisms. Univariate analyses were performed to identify clinical and genetic risk factors for pneumonia. Covariates for multivariate analysis included sex, ethnicity, treatment with immunomodulators, and leukopenia. RESULTS Forty-two patients (15%) had at least 1 episode of pneumonia. Polymorphism of the TNF gene, particularly the -238A allele and a related haplotype, revealed the most striking and consistent association with pneumonia in univariate analyses. Results of multivariate analyses indicated an odds ratio (OR) for the TNF -238A allele of 3.5 (P = 0.007) and an OR for the related haplotype of 5.4 (P = 0.001). Male sex, treatment with immunomodulators, and leukopenia also influenced the risk of pneumonia. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that specific TNF variants may identify SLE patients who are at particularly high risk of developing pneumonia. Given the prevalence and excessive morbidity associated with pneumonia in SLE, these findings have clinical relevance and provide insight into the pathogenesis.
T–S Fuzzy-Model-Based Sliding-Mode Control for Surface-Mounted Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors Considering Uncertainties

This paper presents a new sliding-mode control (SMC) scheme based on Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model for surface-mounted permanent-magnet synchronous motors (SPMSMs). First, a global T-S fuzzy model is given to represent the nonlinear dynamics of the SPMSM. The proposed T-S fuzzy-model-based sliding-mode controller considers motor parameter uncertainties and unknown external noises, so it is robust against motor parameter and load torque variations. Also, the linear matrix inequalities with feasible performance constraints are used to design both the sliding surface and the sliding-mode controller, and the stability of the proposed controller is analytically proven. In this paper, a simple sliding-mode observer is used to estimate load torque information. The proposed observer-based control scheme is implemented by using a Matlab/Simulink simulation tool and a prototype SPMSM drive with a TMS320F28335 DSP. Finally, simulations and experiments have been performed to justify that the proposed observer-based control strategy can guarantee a better performance (i.e., faster dynamic response, less steady-state error, more robustness, etc.) than the conventional observer-based nonfuzzy SMC scheme when there exist motor parameter uncertainties and unknown external disturbances.
Exposure to high temperature influences the behaviour, physiology, and survival of sockeye salmon during spawning migration

Since 1996, some populations of Fraser River sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerkaWalbaum in Artedi, 1792) have begun spawning migrations weeks earlier than normal, and most perish en route as a result. We suspect that a high midsummer river temperature is the principal cause of mortality. We intercepted 100 sockeye during normal migration near a spawning stream and measured somatic energy and aspects of plasma biochemistry. Fish were then held at either 10 or 18 8C for 24 days. Before release, fish were biopsied again and implanted with acoustic transmitters. A group of bi- opsied but untreated control salmon were released at the same time. Sixty-two percent (8 of 13) of control salmon and 68% (21 of 31) of 10 8C salmon reached spawning areas. The 18 8C-treated fish were half as successful (35%; 6 of 17). During the holding period, mortality was 2 times higher and levels of Parvicapsula minibicornis(Kent, Whitaker and Dawe, 1997) infection were higher in the 18 8C-treated group than in the 10 8C-treated group. The only physiological dif- ference between treatments was a change in gill Na + ,K + -ATPase activity. This drop correlated negatively with travel times for the 18 8C-treated males. Reproductive-hormone levels and stress measures did not differ between treatments but showed significant correlations with individual travel times.
Predictive power of word surprisal for reading times is a linear function of language model quality

Within human sentence processing, it is known that there are large effects of a word’s probability in context on how long it takes to read it. This relationship has been quantiﬁed using information-theoretic surprisal, or the amount of new information conveyed by a word. Here, we compare surprisals derived from a collection of language models derived from n -grams, neural networks, and a combination of both. We show that the models’ psychological predictive power improves as a tight linear function of language model linguistic quality. We also show that the size of the effect of surprisal is estimated consistently across all types of language models. These ﬁndings point toward surprising robustness of surprisal estimates and suggest that surprisal estimated by low-quality language models are not biased.
Quantitative Measurement of Local Cerebral Blood Flow in the Anesthetized Mouse Using Intraperitoneal [14C]Iodoantipyrine Injection and Final Arterial Heart Blood Sampling

Autoradiographic measurement of local cerebral blood flow (CBF) with [14C]iodoantipyrine (IAP) is limited in mice by the difficulty in cannulating vessels and the blood loss for repeated blood sampling. The authors modified and validated the method to measure local CBF with [14C]IAP in mice by combining intraperitoneal tracer application with a single blood sampling from the heart at the end of the experiment. Experiments were carried out in male SV129 mice under halothane anesthesia. After intraperitoneal administration of 15 μCi [14C]IAP, arterial blood samples were collected repeatedly and anesthetized animals were immersed in liquid nitrogen. In addition, frozen blood from the heart was sampled to obtain the final blood [14C]radioactivity. Correlation analysis between the sampling time and [14C] radioactivity of the arterial blood revealed a highly significant linear relationship (P < 0.001, r = 0.978) and a lag time of the [14C]tracer in arterial blood of 3.3 ± 0.6 seconds. [14C]radioactivity of the final arterial blood sample (444 ± 264 nCi/mL) was almost equal to that of the heart blood (454 ± 242 nCi/mL), and the absolute difference in each animal was 3.3 ± 4.2% (mean ± SD). The convolution integrals for the CBF calculation were determined either by integrating the radioactivity of individual arterial blood samples or by assuming a linear rise from [14C]tracer lag time after intraperitoneal [14C]IAP injection to the value measured in the blood sample from the frozen heart. Regional flow values calculated by the two methods differed by less than 11 % (not significant). This method allows the quantitative measurement of local CBF in anesthetized mice without any vessel catheterization and will make mutant mice a more powerful tool to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of brain injuries by combining flow studies with molecular-biological methods.
The audioocular response: intersensory delay.

We reported previously that the latency of saccadic eye movements to auditory stimuli (audioocular response, AOR) was longer than to visual stimuli (Zahn, Abel, & Dell'Osso, 1978). Moreover, unlike the latency to visual stimuli, which increased as a function of the lateral distance of the stimulus from primary posi­ tion, the AOR decreased (i.e., the latency for a stimulus at 10° was longer than one at 20°). The results established that when the head and eyes were fixed at primary position, the latency to a lateral visual stimulus was directly dependent upon the retinal distance of the stimulus with respect to the fovea, whereas the AOR la­ tency was inversely dependent upon the location of the sound with respect to the midline between the ears. In order to define further the interaction of these two spatially disparate systems , the present experiment was designed to separate the retinotopic frame of reference of the visual system from the somatotopic frame of reference of the auditory system by utilizing different initial ocular fixation posi­ tions along the horizontal meridian while the head remained fixed straight ahead. If the saccadic latency to a visual stimulus depends on the distance of the image to the fovea, then there '¥ould be an increase in the latency as a function of the lateral displacement of the retinal image regardless of the starting position of the eye movement. If the saccadic latency to an auditory stimulus is dependent solely on the position of the sound with respect to the head, then there would be longer latencies at the 10° than at the 20° stimulus positions regardless of the starting position of the eye movement. These assumptions were tested in the present experiment.
Radioiodine therapy in hyperthyroidism: inverse correlation of pretherapeutic iodine uptake level and post‐therapeutic outcome

Background High iodine uptake levels are widely accepted as a condition for successful treatment with radioiodine (RAI). However, the existing data are controversial and the correlation of pretherapeutic RAI uptake level and outcome of RAI therapy has not yet been quantified. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of RAI uptake on the outcome after RAI treatment and to estimate uptake‐dependent success rates.
How Often Do Asymptomatic Healthcare Workers Cause Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Outbreaks? A Systematic Evaluation

A systematic search was performed to identify outbreaks of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection and colonization caused by healthcare workers (HCWs). Of 191 outbreaks identified, 11 had strong epidemiological evidence that HCWs were the source. In 3 of these outbreaks, asymptomatic carriers were the cause. The frequent practice of screening asymptomatic HCWs should be reconsidered.
Isolation and identification of Yersinia enterocolitica in bovine milk samples of bulk tanks from dairy farms in São Paulo, Brazil

Milk and its derivatives are good substrates for the proliferation of pathogenic and quality-deteriorating microorganisms, demanding rigorous care with milking, processing, and storage. Among the various bacteria that can grow in raw refrigerated milk, Yersinia enterocolitica, is an invasive enteropathogen of humans. This bacterium can cause a number of intestinal and extraintestinal clinical symptoms, ranging from mild gastroenteritis to mesenteric lymphadenitis, similar to appendicitis. To evaluate the prevalence of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in raw milk from bulk milk tanks located in the State of São Paulo, 102 bovine milk samples (one per dairy farm) were evaluated by microbiological analyses, followed by biochemical tests PCR and genetic sequencing. Microbiological testing did not isolate Y. enterocolitica. However, PCR analysis revealed six samples that were positive for Y. enterocolitica (5.9%), confirmed by genetic sequencing. Only the inv gene was detected, which is present in virulent and avirulent Y. enterocolitica strains. There was great difficulty in microbiological isolation due to the difficulty of competitiveness of Y. enterocolitica in a very rich microbiota of raw milk. Although virulence genes known to be present in potentially pathogenic strains of Y. enterocolitica have not been identified, the presence of this pathogen in milk from expansion tanks, identified through PCR and confirmed by genetic sequencing, suggests that Y. enterocolitica may be a risk to public health, especially if milk and its derivatives are consumed without heat treatment.
Application-level Checkpointing for OpenMP Programs

It is becoming important for long-running scientific applications to tolerate hardware faults. The most commonly used approach is checkpoint and restart (CPR) the state of the computation is saved periodically to disk, and when a failure occurs, the computation is restarted from the last saved state. One common way of doing this, called Systemlevel Checkpointing (SLC), requires modifying the Operating System and the communication libraries to permit the saving of the state of the entire parallel application. Unfortunately, this approach has poor portability since a checkpointer for one system rarely works on a different system. The only portable alternative is for the programmer to manually modify their program to enable CPR, a very laborintensive task. We are investigating the use of compiler technology to instrument codes to make them self-checkpointing and selfrestarting, thereby providing an automatic solution for CPR that is portable to any system. In this paper, we describe an implementation of our checkpointing techniques for OpenMP shared-memory programs. This system has two components: (i) a pre-compiler for source-to-source modification of applications, and (ii) a runtime system that implements a protocol for coordinating CPR among the threads of the parallel application. One of the advantages of this approach is that the ability to tolerate faults becomes embedded within the application itself, so applications become self-checkpointing and self-restarting on any platform. We demonstrate this by showing that our transformed benchmarks can checkpoint and restart on two different platforms: Linux/x86, and Tru64/Alpha. Our experiments show that the overhead introduced by this approach is generally small; they also suggest ways in which the current implementation can be tuned to reduced overheads further.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOM CHANGE IN VETERANS AFTER SIX SESSIONS OF EMOTIONAL FREEDOM TECHNIQUES (EFT): AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Protocols to treat veterans with brief courses of therapy are required, in light of the large numbers returning from Iraq and Afghanistan with depression, anxiety, PTSD and other psychological problems. This observational study examined the effects of six sessions of EFT on seven veterans, using a within-subjects, time-series, repeated measures design. Participants were assessed using a well-validated instrument, the SA-45, which has general scales measuring the depth and severity of psychological symptoms. It also contains subscales for anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive behavior, phobic anxiety, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, paranoia, psychosis, and somatization. Participants were assessed before and after treatment, and again after 90 days. Interventions were done by two different practitioners using a standardized form of EFT to address traumatic combat memories. Symptom severity decreased significantly by 40% (p<.001), anxiety decreased 46% (p<.001), depression 49% (p<.001), and PTSD 50% (p<.016). These gains were maintained at the 90-day follow-up. 3
Electrophysiological correlates of the drift diffusion model in visual word recognition

This study was designed to explore the electrophysiological correlates of the diffusion models drift rate parameter in cognitive decision making. Eighty‐two participants completed a lexical decision task while their stimulus‐dependent event‐related potentials (ERP) and theta frequency band power were measured. A mass univariate approach was applied to examine the timeline at which correlations were evident. Individual differences in drift rate parameter and condition‐wise within‐subject differences in drift rates for word emotionality and item repetition were found to be related to amplitude differences in the late positive complex (LPC). No relations to theta frequency band power changes were obtained. The drift rate parameter captures information accumulation of noisy evidence, while LPC amplitudes are discussed to reflect the strength of a memory trace. While these results point to a common underlying cognitive mechanism to explain drift rates and LPC modulation, they also provide a new angle on the timeline of visual word processing following word identification. Further confirmations of the results are needed to approve the LPC as neurophysiological marker of information accumulation. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5616–5627, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Creating Elder-Friendly Communities

Summary Because many communities where older people live were not designed for their needs, older residents may require support to remain in the least restrictive environment. ‘Age-prepared communities’ utilize community planning and advocacy to foster aging in place. ‘Elder-friendly communities’ are places that actively involve, value, and support older adults, both active and frail, with infrastructure and services that effectively accommodate their changing needs. This paper presents an analysis of the literature and results of a Delphi study identifying the most important characteristics of an elder-friendly community: accessible and affordable transportation, housing, health care, safety, and community involvement opportunities. We also highlight innovative programs and identify how social workers can be instrumental in developing elder-friendly communities.