Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Innovation and Economic Growth : An Estonian Case in Point

A new race for global economic advantage is under way. It is a fierce race thatonly the most innovative nations will win. The first paper in series “The innovation and economic growth” has clearly denoted the leader role of Estonia in raising the investments in R&D sector and boosting their innovative export-oriented production. The present paper is a second in series and presents anonlinear regressive analysis of complete chain of innovation driving factors, starting from the investments in R&D and leading up to the boost of innovative export-oriented production in Estonia. The dynamic structures and time-series of outstanding driving factors arepresented to disclose the Estonian leadership in Baltic States. The main conclusions and suggestions are presented. The first conclusion is that a high-tech R&D based innovation matters at the later stages of economic development of country, when there are barely both factors of competitiveness and learning that allow for completing the “catchup” processes clearly observed in Estonia.The next is that the actual regressive analysis clearly shows that the government-backed R&D policies retaining the growing levels of main innovation driving factors are highly effective and warrant a coming intensegrow of production underconsideration. Actually, the coming level of Estonian innovative export-oriented production was econometrically estimated to grow at 15.2% in 2014 ever after. The practical implication of these findings for local companies are that in order to improve performance they must avoid narrowly focusing on R&D, but must invest more in capabilities to commercialize technologies resulting from the exogenous R&D.The suggestion to continue the regressive analysis on the grounds of total factor production, product market competition and concentration of the sector, and knowledge diffusion in productivity improvements is on the agenda of forthcoming research.
Factors affecting the application of management accounting in small and medium enterprises in Hanoi, Vietnam

Article history: Received: June 4, 2019 Received in revised format: June 29 2019 Accepted: June 30, 2019 Available online: July 1, 2019 This article evaluates the factors affecting the use of management accounting in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Hanoi, Vietnam. The factors include: Production and business characteristics; Competitiveness; Business strategy; CEO of awareness management; Human resource quality. The study is conducted on 238 SMEs in Hanoi and the results show that CEO’s awareness of management accounting had the strongest impact on the ability to apply management accounting of enterprises while competition level factor had the weakest effect. At the same time, the study also examines the significant role of mediating factor of firm size on the relationship between the characteristics of the production and business process and the application of management accounting, age and professional qualifications. The results indicate that enterprise size plays a significant role on regulating the impact of business characteristics of enterprises on management accounting application. For smaller enterprises, management accounting is less used and vice versa. Next, the younger the managers are, the higher the impact of their awareness on management accounting application, which means management accounting will be used more if managers are younger. © 2019 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
Determinants Age of Marriage in Married Women 15-24 Years Old in Indonesia 2017

Early marriage is always related to reproductive health in women. Complications of pregnancy and childbirth are the main causes of death in girls aged 15-19 years. This study aims to determine the determinant factors related to marriage age in married women aged 15-24 years in Indonesia in 2017. This research is a descriptive analytic type with cross-sectional design. The sample of this study were married women aged 15-24 years in Indonesia in 2017. The analysis used in this study was univariable and multivariable analysis using multiple logistic regression. The results of this study indicate that out of 1,321 married women aged 15-24 years, 64.4% had marriages under the age of 20. Education is the most dominant factor, while the most influential factors are employment status, media access, the role of decision making, education of the husband, area of residence, economic status, and education of the head of the household. Women who remain in school with a maturity program through marriage through peers play an important role in delaying the age of marriage, in addition to media exposure, especially social media, is the most effective media for providing information about the delay in the age of marriage in women.
The Effects of Hospital Competition on the Quality of Health Care in OECD hospital markets – An Empirical Study

In an increasing number of Organizations for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, the quality of hospital care has been subject to various forms of health policies. Despite much research on the determinants of health care quality, there is no consensus on the underlying factors of health care quality. This thesis contributes to the previous works by analyzing the relationship between hospital competition and quality of care by using data in the areas of health care outcome and utilization measures, which rarely have been examined together. This thesis also uses a comprehensive measure of hospital competition in connection with the analysis of country level data for OECD countries. The results give robust support for the hypothesis that hospital competition leads to improved outcome of hospital care measured in mortality and length of hospital stay. Results suggest that as the competition intensifies, hospitals are likely to be able to reduce health care mortality. These findings are also confirmed for public and mixed models of a health care system. The evidence that greater competition leads to lower length of hospital stay is partly supported by the data. On the one hand controlling for the heterogeneity in the health care systems with country-specific dummy variables leads to lower length of hospital stay. On the other hand controlling countries in the mixed model of a health care system there is evidence in favor of positive association between length of hospital stay and hospital competition but negative association for countries included in the public health care system.
Southern Patagonian glacial chronology for the Last Glacial period and implications for Southern Ocean climate

The Magellan region of southern South America is in a unique setting, at 4501S on the equatorial side of the Antarctic Frontal Zone, to record in detail terrestrial glacial to interglacial events. A Be chronology shows growth and millennial fluctuations of a Patagonian Ice Sheet between 25 and 17.6–17.0 cal ka. In the Strait of Magellan, the maximum ice margin position is dated to 24.670. 9 ka, and other moraine ages are 18.571. 8 and 17.670. 2 ka (mean71 standard deviation). In Bahı́a Inútil, dated moraine ages are 20.471. 2 and 17.370. 8 ka. The chronology of the local Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) reveals a record of atmospheric cooling that was broadly in phase with changes in Southern Ocean conditions, such as sea-ice fluctuations and surface water characteristics. Published modeling results indicate that a decline in temperature of 6 1C and slight drying over southernmost Patagonia could simulate the growth and sustained presence of an ice sheet to the mapped LGM limit. The terrestrial record in southern Patagonia and marine records in adjacent oceans indicate mean northward movement of the Antarctic Frontal Zone, which caused the last southern South American ice age. The Antarctic Frontal Zone at present lies only 3–51 to the south. Some significant changes in the Magellan region occurred in step with North Atlantic region and the Northern Hemisphere. For example, the overall time span of the last glaciation and the timing of maximum ice extent were similar between the hemispheres, despite maximum local summer insolation intensity in southern South America. Other characteristics of the southern Patagonian glacial history differ from the North Atlantic region, specifically an out-ofphase relationship during deglaciation, which is more similar to that of Southern Ocean and Antarctic records. r 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Value Appropriation Antecedents and Value Creation Consequences of Lead Firm Entry into Ecosystem Niches

Firm success depends not only on its internal resources and capabilities, but also on how it manages its collaborations and dependencies with external partners. We build on prior work on value creation and appropriation to discuss how leading firms within an ecosystem ? those belonging to the niche which captures the most value ? react to changes in value appropriation among niches, and how these responses affect total ecosystem value creation. We propose that the likelihood of lead firm entry into a target niche depends on changes in value appropriation in both target and lead niches, while the effects of entry on value creation depend on the extent of competition in the target niche. We test our hypotheses using quarterly panel data on the global semiconductor industry.
1 ‘ Power-bythe-hour ’ : The Role of Technology in Reshaping Business Strategy at

There is a recognised trend of manufacturing companies offering not only products, but services and even complete solutions to business problems. Research has highlighted economic, market demand and competitiveness factors as responsible for the re-shaping of business strategies that this has involved. This study analyses the extent to which another factor, technology, has been a significant factor in the switch from product oriented to service oriented strategies. A case study of the aero engine manufacturer Rolls-Royce is used to analyse the impact of technology, which is found to have led manufacturers to re-shape their business strategies. The study finds that developments in one technology in particular, namely digital electronics, have been a powerful enabling factor facilitating the implementation of service strategies. This provided original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) like Rolls-Royce with a competitive advantage relative to conventional service providers, by enabling them to acquire new knowledge management capabilities.
1 Multidimensional complex measures for functional connectivity analysis

A. Lombardi1, S. Tangaro2, R. Bellotti2,3, A. Cardellicchio1, G. Blasi4, P. Taurisano4, C. Guaragnella1 1Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dellInformazione, Politecnico di Bari, Italy. 2Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, Italy. 3Universit degli studi di Bari A. Moro, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Italy. 5Universit degli studi di Bari A. Moro, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche di Base, Neuroscienze e Organi di Senso, Italy.
Machine Question Answering with Attention-based Convolutional Neural Networks

The task of answering textual questions with the help of deep learning techniques is currently an interesting challenge. Although promising results have been achieved in previous works, these approaches leave much room for further considerations and improvements. This thesis deals with the question, how a system can be realized, which is able to capture and process textual contents, and to draw the right conclusions for answering multiple-choice questions with the help of modern methods. For this, current techniques such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and attention mechanisms are used and tested on the benchmark datasets MovieQA, WikiQA and InsuranceQA, three corpora with question-answer entries from the domains movies, Wikipedia resp. insurances, each with a slightly different task. The implementation is done using the framework TensorFlow; For the representation of the textual content, pre-trained word vectors of the tool GloVe are used. In addition to improving the system, this work also aims to analyze and evaluate its learning behavior. This is done with the aid of so-called adversarial examples, where by modifying textual context information it is checked whether the neural network concentrates on the correct content when answering a question, and at which degree of manipulation a successful performance gets impossible. At the same time, the limitations of such text comprehension systems are shown, which are often able to compare text sequences, but do not develop a deeper understanding of the meaning and content of the inputs. The text comprehension system created in this work achieves a new stateof-the-art for MovieQA with an accuracy of 82.73% correctly answered questions.
EFFECTS OF REDUCED SULPHUR ATMOSPHERES ON REFLECTOR MATERIALS FOR CONCENTRATING SOLAR THERMAL APPLICATIONS

The degradation of reflector materials for concentrating solar thermal applications is analysed. Corrosion of their metallic reflective layer is considered a major problem in facilities which are located near industrial sites, where reduced sulphur gases may be present. Accelerated ageing tests were performed to study the influence of H2S on the corrosion of two types of silvered glass reflectors and one aluminium reflector. Different degradation patterns were found for silvered glass reflectors, whereas aluminium reflectors did not corrode in the presence of the sulphurous gas. Therefore, industrial pollution caused by this type of gas may decrease the solar collectors’ performance.
Education in Emerging Knowledge Economies : Exploring factors of motivation , de-motivation and potential facilitators ; and studying the effects of demographic variables Ekta

In 2015, the United Nations member states adopted the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Education, which is the fourth Sustainable Development Goal, has seen some major transformations with the advent of digital technologies. Education is now increasingly being imparted through these digital technologies as well. In the past few years, researchers have paid considerable attention to studying this changing educational landscape. However, there exists two major gaps. First, the existing literature highlights the importance of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in imparting quality education by exploring characteristics of ICTs such as: portability, connectivity and usability but fails to explore learners’ perception towards online education. Second, the changing educational landscape resulting from the use of ICTs has often been reported with regard to developed economies, giving little consideration to emerging knowledge economies. The present study overcomes these two gaps by exploring the motivators; de-motivators; as well as potential facilitators of online education, from the perspective of learners in emerging knowledge economies. Further, it attempts to understand individual differences with respect to country, gender, age, employment status and educational qualification towards the enrolment, preference and awareness related to online education. The study presents an in-depth comparative analysis of two emerging knowledge economies: India and Uganda and has been undertaken in two phases. In the first phase in-depth interviews were conducted with 51 learners to explore the motivators, de-motivators, and potential facilitators of online education. Data thus collected was checked for content validity through an extensive literature review. In the second phase, a structured questionnaire was administered to 252 respondents, drawn from a population of participants pursuing or having an intention to pursue online education in both countries. The present work provides better insights for further facilitation and improvement of online education in emerging knowledge economies. Mann-Whitney U-Tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests were undertaken to establish statistical validity. The paper concludes with some suggestions and recommendations on how to overcome barriers and factors which de-motivate learners from pursuing online education in order to achieve the desired Sustainable Development Goals. CCS CONCEPTS Applied Computing ➝ Computing in Other Domains ➝ Computing in Education
Price and Quality Responses of the Restaurant Industry to Increases in the Minimum Wage

Using a novel dataset comprised of online menu item and restaurant quality information from thousands of primarily non-chain establishments across three states, I estimate the price and quality responses to varying levels of minimum wage increases enacted at the start of 2017. I find that prices rise 0.3% to 0.8% in response to a 10% increase in the minimum wage. These results are consistent with previous estimates in the literature, as well as what is predicted by the textbook model of competitive factor markets and monopolistically competitive firms. Building on this, I then extend the literature to more broadly understand the price pass-through as well as provide the first estimates of responses on quality. I find heterogeneity in pass-through across restaurant characteristics, with higher pass-through among small firms, and lower pass-through for restaurants near the border of a minimum wage policy region. At the menu item level, pass-through is higher for sides and sandwiches, and options with organic or gluten-free ingredients. I find no evidence of higher pass-through for popular items. Finally, I find significant changes in restaurant quality due to an increase in the minimum wage. Specifically, I find that for low quality restaurants, quality decreases after an increase in the minimum wage, but that quality increases for high quality restaurants. JEL Classifications: J08, J30, H70
The SSF model for designing the modality of instruction , forthcoming The SSF Model for Designing the Modality of Instruction

Researchers keep saying that there is no advice for designing instruction with sound. Yet the origin of SSF model turns 60 this year. This paper tested the SSF model, this time with 4th and 5th graders (n = 133) to determine if they would learn grammar as well or better from convergent temporal sound cues developed from the SSF model, or from temporal text cues. A pedagogical agent delivered the cues from either a stationary position floating above the content in the window, or moving across the content in the window and gesturing. Results showed that children in the convergent temporal sound cueing group out-performed those in the convergent temporal text group on both immediate and delayed posttests. Agent movement had no effect. The implication for instructional designers and interface developers is that convergent temporal sound from the SSF model can provide the necessary reading context for young children learning from multimedia.
Application of the ubiquitous game with augmented reality in Primary Education

Augmented reality (AR) immersion enables virtual objects and real environments to coexist and encourage experimentation with phenomena that are not possible in the real world. Augmented reality is generating new opportunities for the development of ubiquity within educational environments. The objective of this studywas to analyze the impact that the integration of ubiquitous game approaches with augmented reality has on learning. A quasi-experimental study was carried out with 91 sixth-grade primary school students; the learning scenario was designed and the augmented reality application “WallaMe” was selected for use in five sessions of a didactic unit in Art Education. Through pretest and postest procedures, academic performance and information search skills were evaluated, and, a Likert scale analyzed the motivation and collaboration variables among the students. The results showed that the experimental group obtained statistically significant improvements in the academic performance of the subject, motivation, in the search for, and analysis of, information, level of fun and collaboration. The conclusion is that the dynamic activities managed in the intervention, which made use of augmented reality and localization, benefit teaching-learning processes, and encourage innovation and improvement through educational technology. RESUMEN La inmersión de la realidad aumentada (RA) propicia la coexistencia de objetos virtuales y entornos reales que permiten la experimentación con fenómenos que no son posibles en el mundo real. La realidad aumentada está generando una nueva oportunidad de crecimiento de la ubicuidad en los entornos educativos. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto que tiene sobre el aprendizaje la integración educativa de los enfoques de juego ubicuo con realidad aumentada. Se realizó un estudio cuasi experimental con 91 alumnos de sexto curso de Educación Primaria, se diseñó el escenario de aprendizaje y se seleccionó la aplicación de realidad aumentada «WallaMe», que fue utilizada en cinco sesiones de una unidad didáctica del área de Educación Artística. Mediante el procedimiento de pretest y postest se evaluaron el rendimiento académico y las habilidades de búsqueda de información, y una escala Likert analizó las variables motivación y colaboración entre los estudiantes. Los resultados mostraron que el grupo experimental obtiene mejoras estadísticamente significativas en la motivación hacia el aprendizaje, el rendimiento académico de la materia y en la competencia digital. En definitiva, se concluye que las actividades dinámicasmanejadas en la intervención, que hacen uso de realidad aumentada y localización, aportan beneficios en los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje, y propician una innovación y mejora educativa con el uso de la tecnología educativa.
Serious Games for Assessment: Welcome to the Jungle.

Serious games are increasingly being explored for use as assessment tools in broad domains. Drawing from research in these domains, we present important advantages and challenges that arise when using games for assessment. In light of this context and as an introduction to this special issue on Serious Games and Assessments, we introduce the experts’ contributions on using games for processes integrating agile game development approaches with psychometric validation processes and designing and developing games for formative assessments.
Weaponized Interdependence: How Global Economic Networks Shape State Coercion

Abstract Liberals claim that globalization has led to fragmentation and decentralized networks of power relations. This does not explain how states increasingly “weaponize interdependence” by leveraging global networks of informational and financial exchange for strategic advantage. The theoretical literature on network topography shows how standard models predict that many networks grow asymmetrically so that some nodes are far more connected than others. This model nicely describes several key global economic networks, centering on the United States and a few other states. Highly asymmetric networks allow states with (1) effective jurisdiction over the central economic nodes and (2) appropriate domestic institutions and norms to weaponize these structural advantages for coercive ends. In particular, two mechanisms can be identified. First, states can employ the “panopticon effect” to gather strategically valuable information. Second, they can employ the “chokepoint effect” to deny network access to adversaries. Tests of the plausibility of these arguments across two extended case studies that provide variation both in the extent of U.S. jurisdiction and in the presence of domestic institutions—the SWIFT financial messaging system and the internet—confirm the framework's expectations. A better understanding of the policy implications of the use and potential overuse of these tools, as well as the response strategies of targeted states, will recast scholarly debates on the relationship between economic globalization and state coercion.