Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
American Investment in British Manufacturing Industry

This classic work, first published in 1958, is a seminal text in international business history. This new, substantially updated and revised edition is being published on the fortieth anniversary of the first edition. Features of the revised edition include: * a new introduction * a new concluding chapter * amendments and additions to the original text * a new statistical appendix which examines the main features and significance of the US penetration of UK industry over the past four decades. Professor Dunning is one of the most internationally renowned and respected scholars in international business research. The updated version of this highly regarded book is a major contribution to studies in international business history.
Is there a paradox of lower job satisfaction among trade union members? European evidence

In most of the literature on industrial relations, union members are found to be less satisfied with their jobs than non-members. Analysts have applied various statistical and econometric approaches to try to resolve what seems like a paradoxical finding, with mixed results, using theories based on selection bias and ‘exit-voice’ considerations. We review this literature, and note that most empirical studies are from only a few countries – especially the US and the UK. Analysis of a wider range of 18 countries participating in the large-scale European Social Survey in both 2006 and 2010 finds that trade union members generally tend to express higher rather than lower job satisfaction than others, although results differ by country. We use regression models (ordinal logistic) to show that union membership is generally associated with higher job satisfaction, even after controlling for individual, job and workplace differences. Attempts to link the union factor in job satisfaction to typologies of countries, either by welfare regime or extent of collective bargaining coverage, have not been able to address the puzzle of why a negative link persists in a few countries, but not in most.
Evaluation of preventive effects of colostrum against neonatal conjunctivitis: A randomized clinical trial

Background: Neonatal conjunctivitis leads to several ocular consequences in the affected neonates such as blindness. Currently available therapeutic options include NaNO3, Gentamicin, Neomycin and so on, in which each of them has their own limitations. Regarding the immunologic content of colostrum and its safety and easy accessibility, we aimed to evaluate its preventive effects against neonatal conjunctivitis. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, conducted from November 2011 to July 2012, 300 preterm neonates, with culture negative eye swab, were enrolled and randomly assigned into three groups. The intervention group received two drops of colostrum. Control group received no treatment and other neonates were treated with topical Erythromycin ointment (0.5%). All neonates were followed for occurrence of clinical conjunctivitis for 28 days. Data analysis were performed by Chi-square test. Results: Our data demonstrate the beneficial preventive effects of Colostrum against neonatal conjunctivitis (P = 0.036). Conclusion: Colostrum is suggested as an alternative prophylactic option for antibiotics against neonatal conjunctivitis. As colostrum is easily accessible without cost, potential hazards and side effects, public education about its topical favorable effects is worthwhile.
HPV and the Development of Colorectal Cancer.

Over the past two decades, many studies reported that around (20%) of the worldwide malignant tumors problem can be related to viral infections. Some publications recently have described a relationship between malignant colorectal tumors and human papilloma virus (HPV), but these findings are still debatable. The purpose of this report is to evaluate the existence of the genetic sequences and the proteins of HPV in the transformed cells of colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabia. Extracted DNA from eighty three archival colorectal tumor samples were examined for HPV DNA types 16 and 18 and their protein products using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in addition to immunohistochemical staining. All colorectal cancer and control cases were found negative for both 16 and 18 HPV types by using PCR. Moreover, immunostaining did not detect any nuclear expression of HPV proteins in all examined cases. Our outcomes supports the statement that HPV is not engaged in the initiation and progression of colorectal carcinomas especially in the Western province of Saudi Arabia.
Husband's Unemployment and Wife's Labor Supply – The Added Worker Effect Across Europe

This paper investigates the responsiveness of women’s labor supply to their husband’s loss of employment – the so-called added worker effect. While previous empirical literature on this topic mainly concentrates on a single country, we take an explicit internationally comparative perspective and analyze whether the added worker effect varies across the European countries. In doing so, we use longitudinal data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) covering the period 2004 to 2011. For our pooled sample of 28 European countries, we find evidence for the existence of an added worker effect, both at the extensive and at the intensive margin of labor supply. Women whose husbands become unemployed have a higher probability of entering the labor market and changing from part-time to full-time employment than women whose husbands remain employed. However, our results further reveal that the added worker effect varies over both the business cycle and the different welfare regimes within Europe.
Analysis of spontaneous MEG activity in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease using Jensen's divergence

The aim of this study was to analyze the changes that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) elicit in brain dynamics. For this task, the spontaneous magnetoencephalographic (MEG) activity from 36 AD patients, 18 MCI subjects and 24 healthy controls was analyzed. A disequilibrium measure, Jensen's divergence, was used to estimate the irregularity of neural dynamics. Results revealed that AD patients displayed significant changes (p<;0.05) in the patterns of irregularity in comparison with MCI subjects and healthy controls. Slight differences between MCI subjects and elderly controls were also found. Our results suggest that AD progression is accompanied by region-specific patterns of abnormalities in the neural activity.
Primary Extranodal Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Mimicking a Painful Gingival Swelling: A Case Report

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), is an aggressive, rapidly growing neoplasm which is the most common lymphoid neoplasm affecting adults. Jaw involvement of NHL is rare, but among jaw lesions, t.
A note from history

Antonio Benivieni, an Italian physician, Theophilus Boneti, a Swiss physician, and Giovanni Battista Mogagni, an Italian physician, pioneered postmortem examination for finding hidden causes of diseases. By correlating the results of their clinical and postmortem examinations, they established the foundation of anatomic pathology, clinical medicine, and oncology. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
A Study of the Promotion to Partner Process in a Professional Services Firm: How Women are Disadvantaged

Increasing numbers of women are attracted to careers in the professional services. However, when their progress is considered to partner positions, it is found that they are not advancing to the levels anticipated. When the literature in relation to the partnership promotion process is explored, we find explanatory models are rare, and rarer yet is work that considers the impact of sex bias on the process. The article adds to the limited work available by presenting findings from a behavioural process perspective through an empirical study with male and female management consultants in a professional services firm which indicates that the promotion to partner process is indeed sex biased. Two areas of disadvantage for women are identified: the presence of a self-managed career advancement process necessitating a proactive approach to demonstrating individual contribution; and the need to ‘fit’ a prevailing model of success within the firm which is a masculine model and is more problematic for women. The article calls for a differentiated treatment of the glass ceiling phenomenon, capable of capturing disadvantage accruing from societally based factors and sector-based factors. The implications of the findings for future research and professional service firms are discussed.
Complete Analysis of a Random Forest Model

Random forests have become an important tool for improving accuracy in regression problems since their popularization by (Breiman, 2001) and others. In this paper, we revisit a random forest model originally proposed by (Breiman, 2004) and later studied by (Biau, 2012), where a feature is selected at random and the split occurs at the midpoint of the block containing the chosen feature. If the regression function is sparse and depends only on a small, unknown subset of $ S $ out of $ d $ features, we show that given $ n $ observations, this random forest model outputs a predictor that has a mean-squared prediction error of order $ \left(n\sqrt{\log^{S-1} n}\right)^{-\frac{1}{S\log2+1}} $. When $ S \leq \lfloor 0.72 d \rfloor $, this rate is better than the minimax optimal rate $ n^{-\frac{2}{d+2}} $ for $ d $-dimensional, Lipschitz function classes. As a consequence of our analysis, we show that the variance of the forest decays with the depth of the tree at a rate that is independent of the ambient dimension, even when the trees are fully grown. In particular, if $ \ell_{avg} $ (resp. $ \ell_{max} $) is the average (resp. maximum) number of observations per leaf node, we show that the variance of this forest is $ \Theta\left(\ell^{-1}_{avg}(\sqrt{\log n})^{-(S-1)}\right) $, which for the case of $ S = d $, is similar in form to the lower bound $ \Omega\left(\ell^{-1}_{max}(\log n)^{-(d-1)}\right) $ of (Lin and Jeon, 2006) for any random forest model with a nonadaptive splitting scheme. We also show that the bias is tight for any linear model with nonzero parameter vector. Thus, we completely characterize the fundamental limits of this random forest model. Our new analysis also implies that better theoretical performance can be achieved if the trees are grown less aggressively (i.e., grown to a shallower depth) than previous work would otherwise recommend.
Utility of presurgical navigated transcranial magnetic brain stimulation for the resection of tumors in eloquent motor areas.

OBJECT Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) is a newly evolving technique. Despite its supposed purpose (for example, preoperative central region mapping), little is known about its accuracy compared with established modalities like direct cortical stimulation (DCS) and functional MR (fMR) imaging. Against this background, the authors performed the current study to compare the accuracy of nTMS with DCS and fMR imaging. METHODS Fourteen patients with tumors in or close to the precentral gyrus were examined using nTMS for motor cortex mapping, as were 12 patients with lesions in the subcortical white matter motor tract. Moreover, preoperative fMR imaging and intraoperative mapping of the motor cortex were performed via DCS, and the outlining of the motor cortex was compared. RESULTS In the 14 cases of lesions affecting the precentral gyrus, the primary motor cortex as outlined by nTMS correlated well with that delineated by intraoperative DCS mapping, with a deviation of 4.4 ± 3.4 mm between the two methods. In comparing nTMS with fMR imaging, the deviation between the two methods was much larger: 9.8 ± 8.5 mm for the upper extremity and 14.7 ± 12.4 mm for the lower extremity. In 13 of 14 cases, the surgeon admitted easier identification of the central region because of nTMS. The procedure had a subjectively positive influence on the operative results in 5 cases and was responsible for a changed resection strategy in 2 cases. One of 26 patients experienced nTMS as unpleasant; none found it painful. CONCLUSIONS Navigated TMS correlates well with DCS as a gold standard despite factors that are supposed to contribute to the inaccuracy of nTMS. Moreover, surgeons have found nTMS to be an additional and helpful modality during the resection of tumors affecting eloquent motor areas, as well as during preoperative planning.
Debt Sustainability in Selected Euro Area Countries: Empirical Evidence Estimating Time-Varying Parameters

Testing for sustainability of public debt by analyzing how the primary surplus reacts to variations in debt, as suggested by Bohn (1998), has received great attention in economics literature. In this contribution, we apply that test to some countries of the euro area, including the PIIGS countries, where we allow for a time-varying reaction coefficient. We conclude that most economies are characterized by sustainable debt policies with the exception of Greece and possibly Italy. While Greece has clearly pursued an unsustainable debt policy, no clear-cut result can be obtained for Italy. For the latter country, the outcome crucially depends on the time period under consideration.
Do Momentum Strategies Work?

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether an investment strategy based on using the prior performance of sector funds to direct future investments can provide superior risk-adjusted performance. Most momentum research had been focused on individual stocks. A few studies have looked at momentum in industries. This study extends this work by investigating whether sector funds capture the success reported using momentum strategies on industry groups.
The ‘country-of-origin effect’ in employee turnover intention: evidence from China

The increasing presence of foreign direct investment in China has boosted the competition for talent among different multinational corporations (MNCs) from diverse national backgrounds. This article investigates the differences in the human resource management (HRM) approaches adopted by the US, European, and Japanese MNC subsidiaries operating in China and explores the relationships between employees' perceptions toward the HRM approaches and turnover intention. Significant differences in the HRM approaches and employees' level of turnover intention were found, indicating a ‘country-of-origin effect’ in HRM approaches that subsequently influences employees' attitudes. In addition, this article produces evidence suggesting that the perception of HRM characteristics predicts employees' intentions to quit. Implications for HRM convergence or divergence debate are discussed.
Ocean Circulations, Heat Budgets, and Future Commitment to Climate Change

Earth's surface will continue to warm for decades, and the sea level to rise for centuries, even if the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is held fixed at current levels. This is referred to as “committed” climate change because it is essentially unavoidable. Committed climate change arises due to the large thermal inertia of the oceans and their consequent time lag in adjusting to altered GHG concentrations. This work describes the basic heat balance of the oceans, the physical reasons for the long time lag in ocean temperature and sea-level rise, and the observational evidence for human-induced ocean warming over the past 50 years.
Intravenous N-acetylcysteine and lung glutathione of patients with pulmonary fibrosis and normals.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by a huge alveolar oxidant burden and a deficiency of glutathione, a major antioxidant, in the pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (ELF). Therefore, a rational therapeutic strategy is to increase lung glutathione to augment the pulmonary antioxidant protective screen. To evaluate this concept, different doses of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a glutathione precursor, were administered intravenously to eight patients with pulmonary fibrosis and six control subjects. In patients, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) total glutathione increased significantly from 0.99 +/- 0.25 microM to 1.79 +/- 0.37 microM within 3 h following 1.8 g NAC, whereas 4.8 g NAC had no additional effect (1.47 +/- 0.34 microM). In the control subjects, NAC did not significantly alter BALF total glutathione (baseline: 0.79 +/- 0.17 microM, 600 mg NAC: 0.92 +/- 0.33 microM, 1.8 g NAC: 1.39 +/- 0.41 microM, 4.8 g NAC: 1.33 +/- 0.46 microM). The same was true in ELF, 1.8 g NAC significantly raised ELF total glutathione in patients from 186 +/- 47 microM to near normal levels (373 +/- 103 microM), with no further increase following 4.8 g NAC (293 +/- 62 microM). In the control subjects, ELF total glutathione remained unchanged independent of the NAC dose (baseline: 342 +/- 91 microM, 600 mg NAC: 385 +/- 135 microM, 1.8 g NAC: 633 +/- 220 microM, 4.8 g NAC: 646 +/- 263 microM). The increases in total glutathione were almost entirely due to increased levels of reduced glutathione, the form functional as an antioxidant. No adverse effects were noted. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Attitude towards E‐HRM: an empirical study at Philips

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a research project on attitude towards electronic human resource management (E‐HRM). A research model was formulated, based on two theories from complementary research areas: Davis' technology acceptance model and Ulrich's model on HR roles.Design/methodology/approach – The study used an online questionnaire, in which 99 managers and 257 employees within Philips (Electronics) Netherlands participated. Managers and employees answered questions as to their previous experiences with regard to IT systems in general, their preferred HR roles, and their attitude towards E‐HRM systems.Findings – Differences in perceived usability of current IT systems, as well as the preferred HR roles strategic partner (high preference) and employee champion (low preference), were related to a positive attitude towards E‐HRM systems. For managers, user support was also found to be a predictor of a positive attitude towards E‐HRM.Originality/value – This research suggests a multi.
Performance of Fast‐food Franchises in Britain

Fast‐food and franchising should present a formidable marriage when coping with declining economic performance. Compares the performance of 54 (18 franchisors; 18 fast‐food franchisees; 18 fast‐food companies) between 1987 and 1990 using Taffler′s Z‐score analysis. Finds that franchisors′ performance during the period declined but remained better than that of fast‐food franchisees and fast‐food companies. Fast‐food franchisees have remained buoyant but there are incidences of potential failures. Outlines differing solutions to return these companies to health.
Women Directors and Australian Reit Performance

Abstract This paper follows Noguera’s (2012) study on factors that might influence the return on asset (ROA) performance of REITs, including the engagement of more non-executive directors and more female directors. Using Australian data, the ROA performance of 37 Australian Real Estate Investment Trusts (A-REITs) from 2008 to 2011 is examined. As with Noguera (2012), larger A-REITs are found to tend to have higher ROA performance and A-REITs that employ more debt fare more poorly. However, the findings show that the proportion of non-executive directors and female directors are not statistically related to such performance. A Tobin’s Q measure is also used to provide a more market-based metric of A-REIT performance. The Tobin Q measure shows improved market values for A-REITs over 2010 and 2011 while those with an “office” focus tend to have performed more poorly using this measure. A pooled regression is utilised as well as fixed and random effects approaches to investigate factors influencing REIT performance. The findings suggest useful implications for A-REIT investors and boards.
The Epidemiology of Newly Diagnosed Chronic Liver Disease in Gastroenterology Practices in the United States: Results From Population-Based Surveillance

OBJECTIVES: Chronic liver disease (CLD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality, but the epidemiology is not well described. We conducted prospective population-based surveillance to estimate newly diagnosed CLD incidence, characterize etiology distribution, and determine disease stage.METHODS: We identified cases of CLD newly diagnosed during 1999–2001 among adult county residents seen in any gastroenterology practice in New Haven County, Connecticut; Multnomah County, Oregon; and Northern California Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program (KPMCP, Oakland, California [total population 1.48 million]). We defined CLD as abnormal liver tests of at least 6 months' duration or pathologic, clinical, or radiologic evidence of CLD. Consenting patients were interviewed, a blood specimen obtained, and the medical record reviewed.RESULTS: We identified 2,353 patients with newly diagnosed CLD (63.9 cases/100,000 population), including 1,225 hepatitis C patients (33.2 cases/100,000). Men aged 45–54 yr had the highest hepatitis C incidence rate (111.3/100,000). Among 1,040 enrolled patients, the median age was 48 yr (range 19–86 yr). Hepatitis C, either alone (442 [42%]) or in combination with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) (228 [22%]), accounted for two-thirds of the cases. Other etiologies included nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, 95 [9%]), ALD (82 [8%]), and hepatitis B (36 [3%]). Other identified etiologies each accounted for <3% of the cases. A total of 184 patients (18%) presented with cirrhosis, including 44% of patients with ALD.CONCLUSIONS: Extrapolating from this population-based surveillance network to the adult U.S. population, approximately 150,000 patients with CLD were diagnosed in gastroenterology practices each year during 1999–2001. Most patients had hepatitis C; heavy alcohol consumption among these patients was common. Almost 20% of patients, an estimated 30,000 per year, had cirrhosis at presentation. These results provide population-level baseline data to evaluate trends in identification of patients with CLD in gastroenterology practices.
Managing Dynamic Public Sector Networks: Effectiveness, Performance, and a Methodological Framework in the Field of National Security

ABSTRACT Networks are increasing in number and in importance across the security field as a means of providing inter-agency coordination. Based on a large qualitative study of networks in the field of national security in Australia, this article aims to advance our knowledge of the internal properties of public sector networks in the field of national security and the conditions shaping their performance. It puts forward a multi-level theoretical framework involving five interdependent levels of analysis—structural, cultural, policy, technological, and relational—which aims to account for the internal properties of networks and examines each of these levels in relation to public sector networks in the field of national security. Using detailed interviews with senior members of security, law enforcement, and intelligence agencies, the article aims to highlight the potential lessons this framework has for strategically organizing and managing dynamic networks within and beyond the field of national security.