Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Relationship between Critical Thinking Style and Water Conservation Behavior: Implications for Extension

In the past several years Cooperative Extension has focused on developing educational programs that address water conservation, specifically for individuals using exorbitant amounts of water, with limited success. However, few research studies have examined how the way people think, including their critical thinking styles, can be used to inform extension program development. The purpose of this study was to address this gap in the literature by examining how people who use a lot of water think critically and whether their critical thinking style influenced their engagement in water conservation (or lack thereof). Responses were obtained from 932 Florida residents identified as high water users via an online survey. The findings revealed respondents engaged in a low level of landscape water conservation behaviors. The results also showed relationships did exist between critical thinking style and level of engagement in landscape water conservation behaviors implying critical thinking styles should be considered when developing extension programs in this area. Recommendations include using critical thinking style to tailor programs that bring educational awareness of landscape water conservation to high water users.
Decisional consideration of hereditary colon cancer genetic test results among Hong Kong chinese adults.

This study investigated the relationship between psychosocial factors and the decisional consideration of genetic testing of hereditary colon cancer. Attitudes and beliefs about genetic testing, anxiety and depression levels, coping style, and optimism were used as psychosocial independent variables. Sixty-two registrants (61% males and 39% females) of the Hereditary Gastrointestinal Cancer Registry of the Queen Mary Hospital in Hong Kong completed a mail survey. Mean age of the respondents was 42 years (SD = 9.92 years, range: 18-68 years). Correlational analyses and regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between the dependent and independent variables. Participants were concerned about the well-being and reactions of their significant others even more than their own well-being in their decisional consideration processes. Those who had higher perceived risks of being a mutated carrier and higher depression levels tended to emphasize more on the negative consequences of learning the test results and sharing them with relatives. Besides, those who believed that having cancer was attributable to personal (e.g., stress) rather than environmental factors considered that the negative consequences were relatively more important than the positive gains in sharing their results with relatives. Our participants tended to be relational or interdependent oriented in their decisional consideration processes related to genetic testing of colon cancer. This result is consistent with the established interdependent orientation of Chinese. Participants with higher risk perception focused more on the negative consequences of genetic testing. Psychological counseling might help these patients to cope with their concerns about being diagnosed as gene carriers after genetic testing.
A multi-dimensional approach for managing open innovation in NPD

Purpose This paper explores openness within new product development (NPD) projects. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of breadth, depth and partner newness on product innovativeness and product competitive advantage. The authors also seek to examine the contingent effects of the appropriability regime. The authors make suggestions to academics and practitioners based on the findings. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a structured survey instrument producing an empirical analysis of 205 NPD projects in the manufacturing sector in the UK. The authors use an ordinary least squares regression model to test hypothesised relationships between openness (breadth, depth and partner newness), product innovativeness, product competitive advantage and the appropriability regime. Findings The authors find that each of the three dimensions of openness, depth, breadth and partner newness, have a significant but differing impact on product innovativeness. Specifically, the study indicates that breadth has a positive effect but only in the presence of a strong appropriability regime, partner newness has a direct positive effect, and depth a direct negative effect. The authors also find that product innovativeness has a positive impact on product competitive advantage. Research limitations/implications Further research should focus on replicating the findings in other countries, search for further moderating factors, such as the stage of the NPD process, and analyse the longitudinal impact of openness within NPD projects. Practical implications Organisations are encouraging managers to be more open in their approach to NPD. The authors’ findings suggest that managers need to think about the three dimensions of openness, breadth, depth and partner newness. Their engagement with each of these dimensions depends on the desired outcomes of the innovation project and the strength of patents. Originality/value The research extends the extant supplier involvement in new product development literature to examine the effect of up to 11 types of external actor in NPD projects. The authors test a new multi-dimensional measurement scale for the openness construct. The authors show that each dimension has a different relationship with product innovativeness.
The organisational silence of midwives and nurses: reasons and results.

AIM The study was conducted to determine the issues about which nurses and midwives remain silent and the reasons for it and the perceived results of silence. BACKGROUND Organisational silence is a vitally important issue in the health sector, due to the risks and mistakes that are not reported, and proposals for improvement that are not made. METHOD The sample of this descriptive survey, which investigated a cause and effect relationship, was 159 nurses and midwives. The data were collected using a questionnaire and the organisational silence scale. FINDINGS Of the study participants, 84.9% were nurses and 15.1% were midwives. Of all participants 88.7% were women. 8.8% of participants stated that they never remained silent about issues related to work and the workplace. Respondents most often remained silent about issues related to ethics and responsibility. 'Limited improvement and development' was frequently mentioned as a perceived result of organisational silence. CONCLUSION Our study determined that organisational silence is quite common among nurses and midwives. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Activities that raise the awareness of hospital administrations and employees about preventing the factors that cause and maintain silence in hospitals should be planned.
Ethnic Diversity and Economic Performance in China: The Role of Education, FDI, and Trade

ABSTRACT This article analyzes the effect of ethnic diversity on China’s economic performance. We claim that the conventional ethnic diversity indices may not be adequate for appropriately estimating the effect of ethnic diversity on economic performance in China, so we develop revised ethnic diversity indices. Consistent with the existing literature, we find that ethnic diversity alone worsens economic performance. However, dummies for ethnic diversity education and foreign direct investment (FDI) have a positive effect on economic performance. The marginal impact of education raises economic performance because it improves communication ability across diverse ethnic groups. At the same time, the expansion of FDI can create a proper context for ethnic groups to work together in order to improve economic performance. However, the ethnic diversity trade dummy does not significantly affect economic performance.
Hemichordate Molecular Phylogeny Reveals a Novel Cold-Water Clade of Harrimaniid Acorn Worms

Hemichordates are instrumental to understanding early deuterostome and chordate evolution, yet diversity and relationships within the group have been understudied. Recently, there has been renewed interest in hemichordate diversity and taxonomy, although current findings suggest that much hemichordate diversity remains to be discovered. Herein, we present a molecular phylogenetic study based on nuclear 18S rDNA sequence data, which includes 35 previously unsampled taxa and represents all recognized hemichordate families. We include mitochondrial 16S rDNA data from 66 enteropneust taxa and three pterobranch Rhabdopleura species, and recover colonial pterobranchs and solitary enteropneusts as reciprocally monophyletic taxa. Our phylogenetic results also reveal a previously unknown clade of at least four species of harrimaniid enteropneusts from cold waters, including Antarctica, the North Atlantic around Iceland and Norway, and the deep sea off Oregon. These small worms (1–5 mm in length), occur from 130 to 2950 m and are not closely related to other deep-sea harrimaniids, indicating that diversity of enteropneusts within the deep sea is broader than previously described in the literature. Discovery of this clade, as well as larger torquaratorids from Antarctica, strengthens hypotheses of close associations between Antarctic and deep-sea fauna.
Short-term effects of glucose and sucrose on cognitive performance and mood in elderly people

In this study we determined the short-term effects of a glucose drink and a sucrose drink compared to a placebo on cognitive performance and mood in elderly people with subjective, mild memory complaints using a randomized crossover study design. In total, 43 nondiabetic older adults with self-reported memory complaints were included. Drinks consisted of 250 ml with dissolved glucose (50 g), sucrose (100 g), or a mixture of artificial sweeteners (placebo). Multiple neuropsychological tests were performed and were combined by means of z scores into four cognitive domains: episodic memory, working memory, attention and information (processing speed), and executive functioning. Mood was assessed with the short Profile of Mood Status (s-POMS) questionnaire. Blood glucose concentrations were measured at five time points to divide participants into those with a better or poorer blood glucose recovery. Performance on the domain of attention and information processing speed was significantly better after consuming the sucrose drink (domain score of 0.06, SD = 0.91) than after the placebo drink (–0.08, SD = 0.92, p = .04). Sucrose had no effect on the other three domains, and glucose had no effect on any of the domains compared to the placebo. When dividing participants into poorer or better glucose recoverers, the beneficial effect of sucrose on attention and information processing speed was only seen in participants with a poorer recovery. After sucrose consumption, depressive feelings and tension were slightly higher than after the placebo. To conclude, 100 g sucrose, but not 50 g glucose, optimized attention and information processing speed in the short term in this study in elderly people with subjective, mild memory complaints.
MRI-guided 9-gauge vacuum-assisted breast biopsy: initial clinical experience.

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate our initial clinical experience with MRI-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy as an alternative to surgical excision. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective review revealed 112 consecutive nonpalpable, mammographically occult MRI-detected breast lesions scheduled for MRI-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy. Biopsy was performed with a 9-gauge vacuum-assisted biopsy probe (Suros Surgical Systems) followed by clip placement (Artemis Medical). Medical records and histologic findings were reviewed. RESULTS Among 112 lesions, biopsy was cancelled because of nonvisualization of the lesion in 14 (12%). Of the remaining 98 lesions, tissue was successfully acquired in 95 (97%). The median number of specimens obtained was 12 (range, 6-20). The median time to perform MRI-guided biopsy was 33 min for one lesion and 56 min for two lesions. Histology in 95 lesions was benign and concordant in 52 (55%), cancer in 24 (25%), high-risk in 10 (11%), and discordant in nine (9%). MRI-guided biopsy histologies in 24 cancers were ductal carcinoma in situ in 13 (54%) and infiltrating carcinoma in 11 (46%). Seven additional cancers were found at surgery in four discordant lesions and in three high-risk lesions. The clip successfully deployed in 86 (95%) of 91 lesions. Six complications (three hematomas, two instances in which the biopsy probe pierced the skin on the far side of the breast, and one vasovagal reaction) resolved without sequelae. CONCLUSION MRI-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy is a fast and safe alternative to surgical biopsy for MRI-detected breast lesions. Imaging-histologic correlation is necessary to ensure lesion sampling.
Characteristics of e-therapy web sites.

OBJECTIVE This study examined what a person seeking e-therapy services might find on the Internet, and how e-therapy Web sites characterize their services and providers. METHOD Using the search engines Google and Yahoo! , we obtained a list of 55 e-therapy Web sites, which we reviewed from May 2005 to September 2005. We used the search terms online counseling, online therapy, and e-therapy. We reviewed the Web sites' content for data in 7 categories: description of services, terminology for providers, providers' qualifications, terminology for service users, characteristics of clients, information for individuals in crisis, and information about confidentiality and security. RESULTS There was a wide range in the Web sites we accessed. Web sites often contained confusing information about the nature of the service offered and did not always specify qualifications of providers. Some providers did not appear qualified to provide the services the Web sites advertised. Other sites offered Internet-based services of legitimate mental health professionals. Most sites referred to users as clients rather than patients, and some sites specified criteria that would render prospective clients ineligible to receive services (e.g., suicidality). Some Web sites excluded individuals with specific diagnoses. Web sites were not generally proactive about providing resources for visitors in crisis. Less than half of the Web sites disclosed limits to client data security and confidentiality. CONCLUSION Experiences with e-therapy might influence a patient's attitude toward traditional psychotherapy. With the wide variety in e-therapy services that are searchable on the Web, clinicians may want to be more aware of what their patients might encounter online.
Exploring Timelines of Confirmed Suicide Incidents Through Social Media

Suicide is one of leading causes of death worldwide, yet little data is available about the lives of suicide victims because most people do not seek treatment. Research has shown that people express suicidal ideation in social media, which can potentially be tapped to improve our understanding of the thoughts and behaviors of people prior to suicide. In this work, we introduce a novel dataset of Chinese social media accounts of 130 people who committed suicide between 2011 and 2016. We describe the demographic and geographic composition of the users, then conduct a longitudinal text analysis of their post histories, showing observable changes in content leading up to the time of death. With encouraging exploratory findings, we discuss directions for future research.
Effects of Macroeconomics Factors toward Efficiency in Banking

The main objective of this study is to analyze the effect of macroeconomic factors toward efficiency in Islamic and Conventional Banking. Banking as one of components in financial system that highly contributes to the growth and development of the economy in a country, especially after establishment of the first Islamic bank in Indonesia at the year of 1992. Afterwards, Islamic banking began to develop and start to compete with conventional banking. Hence, in order to survive and do fair competitiveness, Islamic and Conventional banking have to maintain its efficiency. This study uses the methodology of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). This study also analyze the macroeconomics factors namely inflation, interest rate of Bank indonesia and the growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which affects the bank efficiency. Our data is obtained from annual financial statement published by each islamic and conventional bank and Bank Indonesia starting from 2007 to 2016. This study shows that conventional banks have higher efficiency than Islamic banks, while crisis in 2008 had no significant effect on the efficiency of Islamic and conventional banking. However, a decrease in the level of efficiency that occurs in conventional banking indicates that conventional banking is more sensitive to the crisis.
The Imagined Audience for and Perceived Quality of News Comments: Exploring the Perceptions of Commenters on News Sites and on Facebook

A number of news organizations have begun shifting commenting from their websites to Facebook, based on the implicit assumption that commenting on Facebook is an equivalent (or preferred) substitute. Using survey data from 317 online news commenters, and drawing on the concept of imagined audience, this article examines this assumption by comparing news commenters’ perceptions of imagined audiences for comments on news organizations’ websites and on Facebook. While news commenters had mostly different imagined audiences between the two platforms, they had similar evaluations of the personal dimensions of their audiences and the quality of news comments. News commenters on Facebook, for example, did not perceive their audiences to be any more reasonable, intelligent, or responsive—or any less aggressive—than did commenters on news organizations’ websites. Facebook commenters also did not perceive comments to be of any greater quality than did commenters on news organizations’ websites. Thus, it appears that at least in the context of aiming to elevate the quality and civility of civic discourse, news commenters do not perceive Facebook to be demonstrably better than news organizations’ websites. Implications for journalism, social media, and future research are discussed.
Classification of dynamic facial expressions of emotion presented briefly

A number of studies have shown an impact of speed of a developing facial expression of emotion on its recognition and perceived naturalness. Still, the impact of speed at constant, short presentation times, as normally used in many experiments is unclear. In the present study participants classified faces displaying facial expressions of six basic emotions in static and dynamic presentation modes and three different types of neutral movements. Stimuli were created with computer software that allows fine-grained control over action units and dynamic features. Rise times in dynamic expressions varied between 200 and 900 ms. Results replicated classical findings showing better performance for expressions of happiness, and frequent confusions among morphologically similar expressions, and a general dynamic facilitation for most expressions. Importantly, dynamic presentation as such facilitated a more accurate classification, but variations in speed at the fast range studied here had no noticeable effect for expressions of anger, fear, happiness, and surprise. The main exception was sadness, which was best recognised at slow speed and in static pictures, and disgust, which was most unambiguously categorised at fast to moderate speed.
Associations between maternal stress and smoking: findings from a population-based prospective cohort study.

AIMS To investigate associations between maternal stress and smoking prior to, during and 6 months after the pregnancy. DESIGN A prospective population-based cohort study. SETTING Norway. PARTICIPANTS A total of 71 757 women in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) participating twice during pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum. MEASUREMENTS Respondents' estimates of anxiety and depression, relationship discord and negative life events were measured, along with self-reports of smoking behaviour and demographic variables. Smoking was assessed at gestation weeks 17 and 30 and at 6 months postpartum. FINDINGS Of the 27.5% women who smoked at conception, 55.8% quit smoking during pregnancy. At 6 months postpartum, 28.9% of quitters had relapsed to smoking. In total, 12.9% of the sample reported smoking during the pregnancy. Adjusted for well-known risk factors, women reporting high levels of anxiety and depression had a decreased likelihood of quitting smoking during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) 0.80, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73, 0.88) and an increased likelihood of relapsing after delivery (OR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.44). Both relationship discord (OR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.90) and exposure to negative life events (OR 0.93, 95%: CI 0.90, 0.96) had a negative influence on quitting smoking during pregnancy but had no influence on relapse to smoking postpartum. CONCLUSIONS Maternal stress and relationship discord may inhibit smoking cessation during pregnancy and promote resumption of smoking after pregnancy in women who have achieved abstinence.
Cash management in the travel and leisure sector: evidence from the United Kingdom

ABSTRACT This study investigates the determinants of cash holdings for companies operating in the travel and leisure (TL) sector of the United Kingdom (UK) between 2005 and 2016. The study finds that growth opportunities, cash flow, and cash flow volatility affect cash holdings positively, while size, leverage, liquidity, asset intangibility and dividend payments affect negatively. Companies operating in the airlines sub-sector hold more cash, while companies in the hotels and restaurants and bars sub-sectors hold less cash than the reference sub-sector of travel and tourism. Except for the free cash flow model, the trade-off and pecking order models of cash holdings are empirically supported for the TL sector.
Physician characteristics and the reported effect of evidence-based practice guidelines.

OBJECTIVE To explore characteristics that may contribute to the effect practice guidelines have on the practice of medicine. DATA SOURCES From the third round of the Community Tracking Study, Physician Survey, 2000-2001. STUDY DESIGN An ordinal logistic regression model was estimated to capture the full range of responses. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Recent medical school graduates, women, minorities, ob-gyn specialists, physicians who use computers for information in their practices, and physicians in nonsolo practice types were significantly more likely to state practice guidelines had an effect on their practice. CONCLUSIONS Many barriers have prevented wide acceptance of practice guidelines among the medical community. Our findings suggest there will be positive results on guideline effects as recent graduates, women, and minorities enter the physician workforce.