Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparitive Evaluation of Olanzapine Immediate Release Tablets by Using Natural Super Disintegrants

In the present study, natural gums (Locust bean gum and Modified gum karaya) were investigated as superdisintegrants for use in immediate release tablet formulations containing olanzapine. Prepared tablets were evaluated for thickness, hardness, friability, uniformity of weight, disintegration time, wetting time and dissolution study. The formulated tablets had good appearance and better drug release properties. Modified gum karaya showed shorter disintegration time and showed 100% release is selected as optimized formulation. Immediate release tablet formulations containing modified gum karaya showed better dissolution efficiency property than the most widely used synthetic superdisintegrants. The dissolution rate followed first-order kinetics as the graphs drawn between log % drug unreleased vs time were found to be linear. The dissolution rate of Olanzapine was found to be effected by the concentration of the superdisintegrant used in the preparation of tablets. The formulation (F4) prepared with 5%w/w of modified gum karaya was offered relatively rapid release of Olanzapine when compared with other concentrations employed in this investigation. The difference factor (F1) and similarity factor (F2) were calculated for marketed formulation and for formulations prepared with modified gum karaya. The difference factor (F1) and similarity factor (F2) were found to be 11 and 72 respectively. Similarity factor (F2) is more than 50 and difference factor (f1) is less than 15, hence dissolution profiles are found to be similar.
Assessment of Multiple Types of DNA Damage in Human Placentas from Smoking and Non-smoking Women in the Czech

Three classes of DNA damage were assessed in human placentas collected (in 2000-4) from 51 women living in the Teplice region of the Czech Republic, a mining area considered to have some of the worst environmental pollution in Europe in the 1980s. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA adducts were localized and semiquantified using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the Automated Cellular Imaging System (ACIS). More generalized DNA damage was measured both by 32P-postlabeling and by abasic (AB) site analysis. Placenta stained with antiserum elicited against DNA modified with r7, t8-dihydroxy-t-9, 10-oxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-benzo[a]pyrene (BPDE) revealed PAH-DNA adduct localization in nuclei of the cytotrophoblast (CT) cells and syncytiotrophoblast (ST) knots lining the chorionic villi. The highest levels of DNA damage, 49– 312 PAH-DNA adducts/108 nucleotides, were found by IHC/ACIS in 14 immediately-fixed placenta samples. An additional 37 placenta samples were stored frozen before fixation and embedding, and because PAH-DNA adducts were largely undetectable in these samples, freezing was implicated in the loss of IHC signal. The same placentas (n = 37) contained 1.7 – 8.6 stable/ bulky DNA adducts/108 nucleotides and 0.6 – 47.2 AB sites/105 nucleotides. For all methods there was no correlation among types of DNA damage and no difference in extent of DNA damage between smokers and non-smokers. Therefore, the data show that DNA from placentas obtained in Teplice contained multiple types of DNA damage, which likely arose from various environmental exposures. In addition, PAH-DNA adducts were present at high concentrations in the CT cells and ST knots of the chorionic villi.
Teachers ’ Beliefs about History and Instructional Approaches : A Survey of Secondary School Teachers in Kigoma Municipality , Tanzania .

This study assessed secondary schools teachers’ beliefs about history and their instructional approaches in the context of education reforms in Tanzania. The survey research design was used with a sample of 132 history teachers who were supplied with questionnaires. The results indicated that teachers’ beliefs about history were largely criterialist followed by copier and subjectivist stances. Student-centred instructional approaches ranked higher than teacher-centred ones. Teachers’ beliefs about history positively correlated with instructional approaches. Copier and subjectivist stances significantly predicted teacher-centred instructional approaches while criterialist stance significantly predicted student-centred instructional approaches. Type of school and level of education had significant influence on teachers beliefs about history however all demographic factors had no influence on instructional approaches. This study recommends that both pre-service and in-service teacher education programmes should foster the development of both substantive and syntactic knowledge of history in order to improve teachers’ instructional practices as advocated by recent educational reforms.
Weed shift and grain yield as influenced by tillage and weed management methods in rice-wheat cropping system in Chattisgarh

A field experiment was conducted in rainy season of 2005, 2006 and 2007 with direct seeded line sown rice as first crop and wheat as subsequent crop in winter season at the University farm of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India to understand the effect of tillage systems and weed control methods on weed flora and grain yield of rice-wheat cropping system. The weeds found in initial two year consisted of Echinochloa colona, Ischaemum rugosum, Fimbristylis miliacea, Cyperus iria, Alternanthera triandra, Cynotis axillaris and Croton bonplandianum. In third Year, Setaria glauca emerged as new weed and Fimbristylis miliacea got disappeared, whereas in wheat, broad leaf weeds like Melilotus indica and Chenopodium album dominated the weed flora. In the initial two years, the grain yield of rice was not influenced significantly due to tillage methods, but during 2007, the grain yield was significantly higher by 10.24% under zero tillage than conventional tillage. Among the different weed control practices, farmer's practice produced maximum grain yield which was significantly superior over recommended herbicide and unweeded check and the increase in yield was to the tune of 48.09 and 96.64%, respectively, in order. During dry season, significantly higher grain yield of wheat by 5.55% was recorded under conventional tillage than zero tillage. Significant variation in grain yield and yield attributes was also registered due to various weed control treatments. Grain yield of wheat was significantly higher under herbicidal treatment i.e. pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha as preemergence followed by metsulfuron 2.0 g/ha as post-emergence by 10.0 and 31.3%, respectively, as compared to farmer's practice i.e. two hand weeding and weedy check.
Verteporfin suppresses the proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stemness of head and neck squamous carcinoma cells via inhibiting YAP1

Purpose: Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, it is unknown whether verteporfin, a YAP1 inhibitor, can inhibit HNSCC cells as well as the molecular mechanisms involved. Methods: YAP1 expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry in human head and neck carcinoma tissues (n=70). CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometric analysis, wound-healing assay and Transwell migration and invasion assays were used to evaluated the effects of verteporfin on the six HNSCC cell lines (three HPV-positive and three HPV-negative). The transcription and protein expression levels of YAP1 and its associated genes were investigated by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The effects of verteporfin on HNSCC cells in vivo were assessed by a xenograft model. Results: YAP1 expression was significantly higher in carcinoma tissues than in tumor-adjacent normal tissues (n=10). A CCK-8 assay showed that the inhibitory effects of verteporfin on HNSCC cells were markedly enhanced by light activation. Verteporfin significantly inhibited HNSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, induced apoptosis, and arrested the cell cycle at the S/G2 phase. Verteporfin significantly attenuated the expression of genes related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (YAP1, Snail, CTNNB1 and EGFR) and stemness (Oct4 and YAP1) and increased E-cadherin expression in HNSCC cells. Furthermore, verteporfin significantly inhibited PD-L1 expression in HNSCC cells. However, the expression levels of HPV-16 E6 and E7 did not change with VP treatment. The anticancer effect of verteporfin on HNSCC was confirmed by the inhibition of xenograft growth in vivo. Conclusions: Our results indicate that YAP1 overexpression is involved in HNSCC tumorigenesis and verteporfin is a potential therapeutic drug for HNSCC.
Root exudate analogues accelerate CO2 and CH4 production in tropical peat

Root exudates represent a large and labile carbon input in tropical peatlands, but their contribution to carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production remains poorly understood. Changes in species composition and productivity of peatland plant communities in response to global change could alter both inputs of exudates and associated greenhouse gas emissions. We used manipulative laboratory incubations to assess the extent to which root exudate quantity and chemical composition drives greenhouse gas emissions from tropical peatlands. Peat was sampled from beneath canopy palms (Raphia taedigera) and broadleaved evergreen trees (Campnosperma panamensis) in an ombrotrophic wetland in Panama. Root exudate analogues comprising a mixture of sugars and organic acids were added in solution to peats derived from both species, with CO2 and CH4 measured over time. CO2 and CH4 production increased under most treatments, but the magnitude and duration of the response depended on the composition of the added labile carbon mixture rather than the quantity of carbon added or the botanical origin of the peat. Treatments containing organic acids increased soil pH and altered other soil properties including redox potential but did not affect the activities of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. CO2 but not CH4 production was found to be linearly related to microbial activity and redox potential. Our findings demonstrate the importance of root exudate composition in regulating greenhouse gas fluxes and propose that in situ plant species changes, particularly those associated with land use change, may account for small scale spatial variation in CO2 and CH4 fluxes due to species specific root exudate compositions.
Corporate Reputation and Intellectual Capital Disclosure

This study focuses on developing a conceptual framework for examining determinants that influence intellectual capital reporting and relies on a critical review of the literature. Indexed journals are reviewed, and evidence is drawn to develop a model examining possible determinants of intellectual capital reporting. Data for the study was gathered from the annual reports of 40 banks listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange. Findings of the paper established a corporate reputation as a significant positive determinant of IC disclosure. Regulators will be benefited from the model as it can provide guidance in implementing uniform guidelines for IC disclosure. The conceptual framework developed in the paper is first of its kind and thus contributes to the body of IC literature.
Pelvic floor muscle training combined acupuncture for treatment of urinary incontinence after stroke

Objective: To explore the treatment effect of pelvic floor muscle training combined with acupuncture in stroke patients with urinary incontinence. Methods: A total of 112 stroke patients with urinary incontinence were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 56 cases in each group. The control group was treated by, while the observation group was treated by pelvic floor muscle training plus acupuncture. The treatment effect, functional test of pelvic floor muscle (myoelectric potential), urodynamic score and quality of life were compared between two groups. Results: The total count of urine leakage was less in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.001); result of urinary incontinence questionnaire and urodynamic measurement indices, Valsalva leak point pressure and maximum urethral closure pressure, were better in the observation group than in the control group (all P<0.001). The myoelectric potential in both groups were higher after treatment than those of before treatment (both P<0.001), and was higher in observation group than in control group (P<0.001). In addition, the life quality of patients in observation group was also better than that of control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Pelvic floor muscle training combined with acupuncture can increase the therapeutic effect, improve the urodynamic parameters and quality of life in stroke patients with urinary incontinence, so it is worthy of clinical popularization and application.
Windows To The Soul

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Hygroscopic Inertia as a Function of Transient Behavior of Covering Materials

This paper presents recent work on analysis of the importance of hygroscopic inertia in the hygrothermal behavior of buildings. The paper first discusses the role of hygroscopic materials in moderating the inside relative humidity variation in countries of mild climate of which Portugal is an example. Then laboratory tests, aimed at characterizing the behavior of covering materials in transient conditions, are presented, as well as some conclusions provided by these tests.
Appendiceal Duplication-A Rare Condition with Serious Clinical and Medico Legal Implications-Case report

The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and use of contraception of ever-married women of a district of Bangladesh namely Naogaon. The study uses data collected from some specific rural and urban areas of Naogaon district, Bangladesh. The information was collected from 800 ever-married women by interview method. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were adopted in evaluation of data and the analysis revealed that although the knowledge of contraceptive use has been conveyed to the majority of couples in Bangladesh, the current use rate of contraception is high enough (above ninety percent) and most of them currently are using modern methods. The most prevalent method of contraception is the pill. The level of current contraceptive use is higher in urban areas than in rural areas however, this gap is very narrow. Logistic analysis shows that education of both respondent and husband, visit of family planning workers, place of residence, desire for additional children, talking to husband about family planning and the number of living children have a nett significant effect on the current use of contraception.
Collective Learning about Systematic Risk

In an investment-based asset pricing model, we build a collective-learning framework in which decision-makers learn a target firm's exposure to systematic risk from its peers' observations. This learning mechanism endogenously creates a time-variation in the discount rate that significantly affects firms' real decisions and market valuations. We provide supportive empirical evidence that the posterior estimate of systematic-risk exposure from collective learning, rather than from individual firm's observations, negatively predicts firms' investment-capital ratio and market-to-book ratio, and positively predicts firms' implied cost of capital. Moreover, the precision of parameter beliefs also empirically predicts these variables in accordance with our model implications.
Master’s Thesis in Electrical Engineering, 30 ECTS Model Based Catalyst Control

A one dimensional discretized model of a two brick three way catalyst (TWC) system was developed and implemented in MATLAB, Simulink and TargetLink in collaboration with Volvo Cars and Linköpings Universitet ISY. The purpose of this thesis was to increase system understanding and create a model based TWC control for further development at Volvo Cars. A total of 50 states were modelled, including emission concentrations (O2, CO, C3H6, C3H8, H2, NOx, CO2, H2O), temperature and oxygen buffer level (OBL). A model based control structure was implemented in the form of five separate PID-controllers enabling possibilities to control the OBL of each separate slice of each brick individually and through simple reference handling. The control structures includes anti-windup, feedforward control and feedback safety for model reset during sensor indication of leakage. Specific equipment and software used included MATLAB, Simulink, TargetLink, Volvo SULEV30 TWC and testing rigs. Overall increase in system understanding was achieved in comparison with contemporary TWC modelling and control, as well as sufficient system performance in regard to estimate emissions, simulation duration and pedagogical value. Concluding thoughts of the thesis revolve the complexity of the actual TWC modelling, parameter estimation as well as control. The model presented in this thesis has great potential of describing TWC systems but with great effort during parameter estimation. With ECU performance available in temporary vehicle production year 2019, a complex model may be combined with a simple control strategy whilst a simple model may be combined with a complex control strategy.
Accuracy and Coverage Evaluation Persons Not Matched in Census 2000

Bureau. This paper reports the results of research and analysis undertaken by Census Bureau staff. It has undergone a Census Bureau review more limited in scope than that given to official Census Bureau publications. This report is released to inform interested parties of ongoing research and to encourage discussion of work in progress. Accuracy and Coverage Evaluation Persons Not Matched in Census 2000
THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT AND JUSTICE PERCEPTION ON COMMITMENT AND INTENTION TO QUIT : AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON TURKISH STATE UNIVERSITIES

In recent years, the number of universities has increased. This situation has raised the level of competition among state universities as well as private universities. The facilities offered by universities and the perception of justice cause academicians to question their work satisfaction and commitment to their universities. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact organizational support and perception of justice has on the commitment of academicians to their institutions and their intention to quit. Over a thousand academicians participated in our study. Our analysis results conclude that perceived organizational support and justice significantly affect commitment and the intention to quit.
LARGE SAMPLE PROPERTIES OF THE LINEARIZATION, JACKKNIFE AND BALANCED REPEATED REPLICATION METHODS

The asymptotic normality of both linear and nonlinear statistics and the consistency of the variance estimators obtained using the linearization, jackknife and balanced repeated replication (BRR) methods in stratified samples are established. In the nonlinear case, several jackknife statistics are shown to have the same asymptotic distribution as the unjackknifed statistic. The results are obtained as L ÷ ~ within the context of a sequence of finite populations {~L } with L strata in gL and are valid for any stratified multistage deslgn in which the primary sampling units (psu's) are selected with replacement and in which independent subsamples are taken for those psu's selected more than once. These results provide a theoretical basis for the commonly made assumption that (~ @) /~v(0) (where @ is an estimator of some parameter @ and v(~) is an estimator A of the variance of @) has approximately a standard normal or t distribution.
Tamsulosin sustained release preparation in patients of lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia

The efficacy and safety of tamsulosin sustained release preparation in patients of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) was measured in this study. Thirty patients attending OPD were randomly selected from Government Medical College, Faridkot. Patients were subjected to tablet tamsulosin sustained release preparation (0.4 mg) once daily and the effect of the preparation of tamsulosin on international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) score, prostate size and residual urine volume was evaluated. At the end of the study, there was a significant decrease from 19.000 ± 4.594 at week 0 to 10.367 ± 3.429 at week 12 in IPSS as compared to the baseline (p<0.05). There was also a significant decrease at week 4 and 8 of the study. The percentage decrease was 45.43%. There was a statistically significant decrease of 1.967 at 12 weeks from the baseline (p<0.05) with regard to QOL score at the end of the study. There was also a significant decrease at week 4 and 8 of study in both the groups. The percentage decrease was 47.59%. There was a non-significant decrease in prostate size by 0.067 g from 43.200 ± 10.320 g at week 0 to 43.133 ± 10.352 g at week 12. Residual urine volume showed a significant decrease from 104.367 ± 29.005 mL at week 0 to 76.500 ± 24.370 mL at week 12 as compared to the baseline (p<0.05). The percentage decrease recorded 26.7%. Adverse effect was seen with in the treatment groups namely dizziness and headache. One patient had an attack of pharyngitis and one patient complained of abnormal ejaculation, incidence of 3.33%. The analysis clearly shows improvement in IPSS, quality of life score and residual urine volume without any improvement in prostate size.
Charging of Superconducting Layers in Arrays of Coupled Josephson Junctions for Overcritical Currents

In this work, we effectuated the numerical simulations of the phase dynamics of an array of Josephson junctions taking into account the capacitive coupling between the neighboring junctions and the diffusion current in the stack. We observed that, if we increase the coupling and the dissipation parameters, the IV characteristic changes qualitatively from the IV characteristics studied before. For currents greater than the critical one, we obtained an additional branch in the IV characteristics. This branch is characterized by a lower voltage than the outermost one. Moreover, we obtained an additional charging of the superconducting layers in the IV region for currents greater than the critical one. We studied the time evolution of this charging by the means of Fast Fourier Transform. We proved that the charge density wave associated with this charging has a complex spectral structure. In addition, we analyzed the behavior of the system for different boundary conditions, appropriate to different experimental setups.
CURRENT EFL PRACTICES IN KAZAKHSTAN : TEACHERS ’ SENSE OF PROFESSIONAL SELF-EFFICACY

Self-efficacy has received a great deal of attention in EFL literature. The article sheds light on self-efficacy theoretical framework and some prominent investigations of the last few decades. Focusing on the factors that influence self-efficacy, findings continue swelling the ranks of controversy results and require primary research in Kazakhstani context.