Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular systematics and Holarctic phylogeography of cestodes of the genus Anoplocephaloides Baer , 1923 s . s

Submitted: 27 March 2015 Accepted: 2 July 2015 doi:10.1111/zsc.12136 Haukisalmi, V. , Hardman, L.M. , Fedorov, V.B. , Hoberg, E.P., Henttonen, H. (2016). Molecular systematics and Holarctic phylogeography of cestodes of the genus Anoplocephaloides Baer, 1923 s. s. (Cyclophyllidea, Anoplocephalidae) in lemmings (Lemmus, Synaptomys). —Zoologica Scripta, 45, 88–102. The present molecular systematic and phylogeographic analysis is based on sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) (mtDNA) and 28S ribosomal DNA and includes 59 isolates of cestodes of the genus Anoplocephaloides Baer, 1923 s. s. (Cyclophyllidea, Anoplocephalidae) from arvicoline rodents (lemmings and voles) in the Holarctic region. The emphasis is on Anoplocephaloides lemmi (Rausch 1952) parasitizing Lemmus trimucronatus and Lemmus sibiricus in the northern parts of North America and Arctic coast of Siberia, and Anoplocephaloides kontrimavichusi (Rausch 1976) parasitizing Synaptomys borealis in Alaska and British Columbia. The cox1 data, 28S data and their concatenated data all suggest that A. lemmi and A. kontrimavichusi are both non-monophyletic, each consisting of two separate, well-defined clades, that is independent species. As an example, the sister group of the clade 1 of A. lemmi, evidently representing the ‘type clade’ of this species, is the clade 1 of A. kontrimavichusi. For A. kontrimavichusi, it is not known which one is the type clade. There is also fairly strong evidence for the non-monophyly of Anoplocephaloides dentata (Galli-Valerio, 1905)-like species, although an earlier phylogeny suggested that this multispecies assemblage may be monophyletic. The results suggest a deep phylogenetic codivergence of Lemmus spp. and A. lemmi, primarily separating the two largely allopatric host and parasite species at the Kolyma River in east Siberia. There are also two allopatric sublineages within each main clade/species of A. lemmi and Lemmus, but the present distributions of the sublineages within the eastern L. trimucronatus and clade 1 of A. lemmi are not concordant. This discrepancy may be most parsimoniously explained by an extensive westward distributional shift of the easternmost parasite subclade. The results further suggest that the clade 1 of A. kontrimavichusi has diverged through a host shift from the precursor of L. trimucronatus to S. borealis. Corresponding author: Voitto Haukisalmi, Finnish Museum of Natural History Luomus, P. Rautatiekatu 13, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: voitto.haukisalmi@helsinki.fi Lotta M. Hardman, Murkelsv€angen 6, 10650 Eken€as, Finland. E-mail: lotta.hardman@gmail.com Vadim B. Fedorov, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA. E-mail: vfedorov@alaska.edu Eric P. Hoberg, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, USDA, ARS, BARC East 1180, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20715, USA. E-mail: eric.hoberg@ars.usda. gov Heikki Henttonen, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokiniemenkuja 1, 01370 Vantaa, Finland. E-mail: heikki.henttonen@luke.fi
WP / 17 / 179 Leaning Against Windy Bank Lending

Using an estimated dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with banking, this paper first provides evidence that monetary policy reacted to bank loan growth in the US during the Great Moderation. It then shows that the optimized simple interest-rate rule features no response to the growth of bank credit. However, the welfare loss associated to the empirical responsiveness is small. The sources of business cycle fluctuations are crucial in determining whether a “leaning-against-the-wind” policy is optimal or not. In fact, the predominant role of supply shocks in the model gives rise to a trade-off between inflation and financial stabilization. JEL Classification Numbers: E32, E44, E52
Identification of Sex from Foramen Magnum of Egyptian Skulls Using Three Dimensional Computed Tomography

Sex determination from skeletons is an important research subject in forensic medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the sexual dimorphism in the Egyptian skulls based on foramen magnum and some cranial measurements. Methodology: The present study was performed on 100 adult Egyptian patients of both sexes. MultiSlice Computerized Tomography (MSCT) scan were obtained and reconstruction of 3D models for the cranium was performed. Various parameters related to the foramen magnum, the right condyle and the left condyle were measured on virtual skulls of adult patients. Results: The mean length, width and area of foramen magnum were significantly higher in males(35.3 ± 1.9mm, 30.0 ± 1.9mm and 833.50±72.52mmrespectively) than in females(32.8 ± 2.5mm, 27.1 ± 2.4 mm and 699.90±92.09mmrespectively). The mean lengths of the maximum bicondylar distance, minimum intercondylar distance and maximum medial intercondylar distance were significantly longer in males(48.8 ± 2.3 , 17.2 ± 1.7 and 25.1 ± 2.4mm respectively) than in females (46.1 ± 2.2, 16.2 ± 1.8 and 22.7 ± 1.7mm respectively ). A significant difference between males and females was elicited regarding the length (24.8± 1.7 and22.7±2.2mm respectively) and the width (14.4±1.3 and 13.5±1.3mm respectively) of the right condyle. The equation which determines sex with high accuracy was the one made from the length of the foramen magnum, length of the right condyle and length of the left condyle, the accuracy reached 87%. Conclusion: It can be concluded that measurements of the foramen magnum and the condyles obtained using 3D CT and the equations acquired from them are reliable tools in sex determination.
Selected aspects of biopsychosocial functioning of the senior national team in cycle speedway representing Poland in 2015 at the World Championships in Poole

Purpose: to increase knowledge concerning certain elements of biological and psychological functioning of contestants practising speedway cycling through examining typical health behaviours, the mental approach, and preventive behaviours applied to everyday functioning. Material: the study sample consisted of 12 cycle speedway competitors (aged between 20 and 37, average 27.42±5.68). The research concerned a group of speedway riders, Polish national senior representatives in speedway cycling at the World Championship. The Standardized Inventory of Health Behaviours and our own questionnaire were applied. Results: the mean value of the general health behaviour index was 75.50±14.0 (N=12). The value of the coefficient between positive mental approach and satisfaction experienced by the competitors caused by progress within a year was r=0.62; p<0.05. In the group the value of the index of satisfaction caused by obtained progress in improving condition was: median 6.50. Based on the performed analysis, it was found that as for the health behaviour types in the group of cycle speedway competitors there were two smaller groups
Seroprevalence of Neospora Caninum in Sheep and Goats of Gua Musang District in Kelantan , Malaysia

Exposure of Neospora caninum parasite in sheep and goats in Kelantan was first reported in March 2016. Out of 10 districts surveyed in Kelantan, Gua Musang was the only district with seropositive animals, suggesting that there might be potential infection of this parasite in sheep and goats in this area. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2015 to February 2016 to investigate the prevalence and impact of N. caninum in sheep and goats in that area. A total of 311 sheep and goat blood samples from 37 farms and 10 animals from each farm were collected. A questionnaire on the risk factors (abortion history, presence of dogs and closeness to the cattle farms) was developed for analysis. Serological test was done using a commercial ELISA kit. Seroprevalence was found to be 0.32% (1/311). Although the results i.e. presence of stray dogs (32.4%; 12/37), abortion history (48.6%; 18/37) and closeness to the cattle farms (27%; 10/37) were rather high, the very low seroprevalence showed that these risk factors were not related to neospora infection. The results suggested that N. caninum was not the cause of reproductive failure in sheep and goats in Gua Musang.
Internal friction study of vacancy hardening in B 2 FeAl alloys

Internal friction behaviour of B2 FeAl alloys has been examined to reveal the correlation of the microplasticity and thermal vacancies. The internal friction peak for Fe60Al40 appears at around 550 K, and the peak height increases with increasing quenching temperature. The curves of internal friction against the strain amplitude shift to larger strain amplitude as the quenching temperature increases. Analysis of the amplitude-dependent internal friction provides the plastic strain of the order of 10 as a function of effective stress on dislocation motion. It is found that the microflow stress at the plastic strain of 1 ́10 increases linearly with the square root of the net peak height. Remarkably, the microflow stress decreases with rising temperature but turns to increase above 500 K when measured after holding for 1 h at test temperatures. The anomalous increase in the microflow stress is caused by the creation of thermal vacancies at intermediate temperatures.
Repository Effectiveness , Feasibility , and Acceptability of Dynamic Elastomeric Fabric Orthoses ( DEFO ) for Managing Pain , Functional Capacity , and Quality of Life during Prenatal and Postnatal Care :

Conservative interventions for addressing prenatal and postnatal ailments have been described in the research literature. Research results indicated that maternity support belts assist with reducing pain and other symptoms in these phases; however, compliance in wearing maternity support belts is poor. To combat poor compliance, commercial manufacturers designed dynamic elastomeric fabric orthoses (DEFO)/compression garments that target prenatal and postnatal ailments. This systematic review aimed to identify, critically appraise, and synthesize key findings on the effectiveness, the feasibility, and the acceptability of using DEFO to manage ailments during pre-natal and postnatal phases of care. Electronic databases were systematically searched to identify relevant studies, resulting in 17 studies that met the eligibility criteria. There were variations in DEFO descriptors, including hosiery, support belts, abdominal binders and more, making it difficult to compare findings from the research articles regarding value of DEFO during prenatal and/or postnatal phases. A meta-synthesis of empirical research findings suggests wearing DEFOs during pregnancy has a significant desirable effect for managing pain and improving functional capacity. Further research is required to investigate the use of DEFOs for managing pain in the postnatal period and improving quality life during prenatal and postnatal care.
Result and Discussion 3 . 1 . Antimicrobial Activity

Four species of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus sajor-caju, Pleurotus pulmonarius and Pleurotus populinus) were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity (total antioxidant activity). The total antioxidant activity differed significantly. Mean total antioxidant activities were (P.ostreatus = 35.36±0.01mm, P.sajor-caju = 32.26±0.02mm, P.pulmonarius = 28.86±0.01mm, P.populinus = 26.65±0.01mm). Antimicrobial activities of the extracts against Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Agrobacterium vitis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae were investigated. Antimicrobial activities of the oyster mushroom extracts against Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Agrobacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae were examined by agar well diffusion method and zones of inhibition varied for different organisms but zones of inhibition were highest in P.ostreatus and P.sajor-caju for all tested organisms except in E.coli and S.dysentriae where P.pulmonarius and P.populinus had higher zones. P.ostreatus and P.sajor-caju were not significantly different against all tested microorganisms but were found to be significantly different (p ≥ 0.05) from P.pulmonarius and P.populinus against B.cereus, E.coli and S.dysenteriae. P.pulmonarius and P.populinus were not significantly different in their inhibition against all tested microorganisms.
EFFECT OF GROWTH STAGE AND METHOD OF CONSERVATION OF Hyparrhenia filipendula AND Hyperthelia dissoluta ON NUTRIENT COMPOSITION AND DIGESTIBILITY

Department of Paraclinical Veterinary Studies, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. MP167 Mount Pleasant Harare. Email: jtgusha@gmail.com Department of Animal Science, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. MP167 Mount Pleasant Harare. Faculty of Agriculture, Zimbabwe Open University, Harare. Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. MP167 Mount Pleasant, Harare. *Corresponding author
Lagrange ’ s four squares theorem with one prime and three almost-prime variables

It is expected that every su‰ciently large integer N, satisfying the congruence condition N1 4 ðmod24Þ, can be represented in the form (1) with prime variables xi. This hypothesis has not been proved so far. Using Vinogradov’s method for the solution of the ternary Goldbach problem, however, Hua [10] proved that all large integers, satisfying a natural congruence condition, are sums of five squares of primes.
Effect of Nursing Intervention on Students ' Stressors related to their Training in Pediatric Critical Care Settings 80

The clinical experience is frequently perceived as a stressor in clinical education by nursing students. This study is a quasi-experimental aimed to assess the stressors related to students' training in pediatric critical care settings (PCCSs), study the factors affecting students' training in PCCSs, design, implement and evaluate nursing intervention based on needs assessment of the students. This study was conducted at Pediatric Nursing Departments inboth Faculty of Nursing/Ain Shams and El-Fayoum Universities. The study involved 120 purposive students in the 3 rd academic year/ Pediatric Nursing Department regardless their age, residence and socioeconomic standards. Tools of the data collection were used pre and post nursing intervention namely, pre designed interviewing questionnaire (to assess the students' characteristics, data about factors that affect the students’ training in PCCSs as well, the stressors perceived by the students in their training and the students’ knowledge related to their training in PCCSs), Hamilton Rating Scale (to assess the students' anxiety level). The main results of the study showed that, there was a statistical significant difference between the students' knowledge regarding to PCCSs and total stress level pre and post nursing intervention among the study group compared with the control group. The study concluded that, the application of nursing intervention reduce the students’ stressors related to their training in pediatric critical care settings. The study recommended orientation program, identifying students’ needs in the pediatric critical care settings and developing effective nursing interventions to reduce their stress
The Effects of Supervisor Support and Trait Competitiveness on Work Engagement : The Case of National Scenic Area ’ s Tour Guide

Tour Guide is important human resources in the National Scenic Area, let visitors know the landscape here, while the tour guide service is the tourist satisfaction, and an important foundation for environmental education. This research explores the impact of tour guide's supervisor support and trait competitiveness on the work engagement. This study through a questionnaire survey method, the data collected from National Scenic Area tour guide, 390 questionnaires were issued and recycling 312 questionnaires. By using SEM to validate proposed model, the results demonstrated that trait competitiveness impact three dimensions of work engagement were more significant than did self-efficacy. Form the view of management of tour guide, this study suggested that the competent authorities in the levy election tour guide, the applicant should have Tour guide‟s work engagement characteristic. Key word: Supervisor Support, Trait Competitiveness, Tour Guide
In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Smaller Size of Coenzyme Q 10-Enriched Shell of Ultra-Small Nanostructured Lipid Carriers

CoQ10-enriched shells of ultra-small nanostructured lipid carriers (usNLC), or oil with dissolved CoQ10 surrounding a based core of a solid lipid and oil mixture, were successfully produced using a hot high pressure homogenization technique. Then, 2 different concentrations of CoQ10 were loaded into usNLC, to compare the effect of particle size on antioxidant capacity. A particle size of 5.0 % CoQ10loaded usNLC (about 80 nm) was approximately 2 times larger than 0.5 % CoQ10-loaded usNLC (about 50 nm), and the lightness of the yellow-colored pigment of CoQ10 was observable by the naked eye as regards the decrease in particle size. In addition, the spherical shape of the empty usNLC and CoQ10enriched shell of usNLC was shown by a transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Interestingly, a 10 times lower CoQ10 loading capacity into usNLC with a smaller size showed a higher antioxidant capacity than a higher CoQ10 loading and a bulk solution of CoQ10, by decreasing DPPH free radical scavenging activity using the DPPH method and increasing the resistance of red blood cells to oxidative damage using a biological Kit Radicaux Libres (KRL) test. Therefore, this study suggests that the smaller particle size of CoQ10-enriched shells of usNLC deserves to be developed and evaluated further in vivo study, in order to prove the antioxidant effects. Keyword: CoQ10-enriched shell, ultra-small nanostructured lipid carriers, antioxidant, DPPH method, KRL test
Studies on Breeding for Drought Tolerance in Some Promising Lines of Sugar Beet ( Beta vulgaris L . ) 1

Five promising lines of sugar beet namely, carola, samba, sultan, B2001 and Baraca were grown under two levels of irrigation under greenhouse conditions. Plants were irrigated by furrow irrigation method. Class A evaporation pan was used to determine the irrigation time. Under control irrigation, the irrigation was carried out after 90mm cumulative evaporations, whereas water stress conditions, it was carried out after 200 mm cumulative evaporation, respectively. These parents were different reaction for drought condition and were used in this study to know the ability of drought tolerance using half diallel analysis , heterosis over better-parent, general and specific combining ability effects and correlation coeffients were the genetic parameters studied for Root yield, white sugar yield, sugar content, chlorophyll content, proline and trehalose contents traits under control and water stress conditions, respectively. In addition to SDS-protein electrophoresis and molecular markers technique using four specific-PCR-Primers namely; (HT5) primer as index for drought tolerance by maximum root length trait ,(HTR3) primer as index for drought tolerance by high level of chlorophyll content, (STX2) primer for high level of proline content and (POR-3) primer for high level of trehalose contents in the parents of sugar beet, respectively. The results showed that the genotypes; carola, sultan, carola X samba, carola X B2001, Sultan X B2001 and B2001 X Baraca recorded the best data of all traits studied using all genetic parameters, SDS-protein electrophoresis and molecular markers technique of sugerbeet, respectively.
Use Pre-Harvest Treatments To Keeping Quality and Long Shelf Life of Some Date Palm Cultivars

This study was carried out on three date palm cultivars (Samany, Amhat and Sewy) grown in Abo-Rawash area Giza Governorate, Egypt. This work aimed to study the influence of pre-harvest treatments as direct spray on fruits by solutions boron (0.5% in the form of boric acid) and calcium (10 g/L (w/v) in the form of calcium nitrate) alone or in combination to improve quality of date palm fruits during cold storage and increasing marketing period (Shelf life). Fruits were picked in maturity stage and stored at 0.0 ± 1 C and 85 – 90% relative humidity (RH). Fruit quality characteristics i.e. weight loss, decay %, fruit firmness (Lb\inch), total soluble solid percentage (TSS %), total acidity percentage (TA %), total soluble sugars and tannins % were evaluated. Assay of the stored fruits was made at 20 days intervals and additional fruits were left at room temperature (20± 2 C) for one week as stimulated marketing period. The results showed that all spraying treatments gave the best effect in fruit quality assessments when compared with control. The combined treatment gave the highest value of fruit TSS% and total soluble sugars while decreasing TA% weight loss % and fruit decay % during cold storage for 40 days. Furthermore, the same trend was observed after cold storage for week on 20± 2 C. It can be recommended spraying date palm fruits twice with the combined treatment of 0.5% boric acid + 10 g/L (w/v) calcium nitrate to improve fruit quality during cold storage and shelf life period.
Evaluation of Pesticide Residues in some Egyptian Fruits

A total of 177 fruits samples collected from Egyptian markets during July to December 2010. Samples collected in the season of producing a wide range of fruits in Egypt. Samples were subjected to pesticide residues analysis using multiresidues method (QuEChERs) standard method. The determination of residues carried out using GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS. The samples were analyzed using an accredited method that is capable to quantify 251 pesticide residues from different pesticide groups. Fifty one pesticide were detected in all analysed samples. Pesticide residues were not observed in 28.2% of fruit samples (50) and were found in 127 samples (71.7%). In all of the analysed samples; 54.2% (96) were contaminated with pesticide residues below MRLs, while in 17.5% (31) contained residues above safety limits (MRLs) of EU. However, only 2.3% of samples showed violation comparing to codex MRL’s. Whereas, the number of samples contained multiple active substances were 69 with a percentage of 39%. The most detected pesticide groups were Pyrethroids, 27.8% followed by Organophosphates (OP’s) 24.6%, Benzimidazoles 14.9%. On the other hand, OP’s are the most violated group. Data showed that pesticides which not recommended for using in tested fruits were detected in frequency of 76.1% of the findings as well as pesticides revoked by Egyptian authorization.
Is the relationship between CSR activities and financial performance of organizations a short term result? An answer with a panel data analysis

For many years we have sought to find evidence on the profitability of activities related to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), obtaining different results. This could be explained in terms of the inadequate specification of the estimated models, due to the complex task of identifying and defining the variables that influence the performance of organizations. The objective of this work is to model the relationship between different indicators that measure the profitability and the CSR activities, controlling for fundamental and macroeconomic variables, based on the estimation of econometric models for panel data. The results obtained show evidence that indicates a positive relationship between CSR and financial performance, measured through the fundamental variables: return on assets, return on equity and the price to book multiple. In the case of stock return there is no evidence of any relationship with CSR activities, a situation that may indicate an undervaluation of CSR activities. The lack of relationship between CSR activities and stock return may suggest a bias in investor believes, such as confirmation bias or overconfidence bias, which cause an imperfection of market.