Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparative study to assess the knowledge and practicesregarding sexual health among the migrants and nonmigrantsin Mumbai city

Background: Population movements of the scale currently experienced by developing countries have significant implications on the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS. Mumbai is a large industrial city and has experienced large influx of migrants in the past two decades. The prevalence of multiple risk-traits among the migrants differs significantly by age, marital status, educational level, and living arrangements. Addressing sexual health also requires understanding and appreciation of sexuality, gender roles and power in designing and providing services. Objectives: The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge and practices regarding various aspects of sexual health among migrant & non-migrant in Mumbai city. Material and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2007 to June 2007. It consists of 50 migrants and 50 non-migrants from each of the five zones of Mumbai city. A sample size of 250 migrants & 250 non-migrants from the five administrative zones of Mumbai was considered for the study were interviewed and examined. A semi structured interview schedule was piloted and used to collect necessary information such as clinical history, socio-demographic profile, sexual perceptions and practices, clinical examination and investigations were performed. Results were analysed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version -13.0 Results: In this study, about 57% migrants perceived that masturbation affects the health & well being; while relatively more non-migrants (69.2%). There was an unrestrained fascination towards consumption of alcohol in both the groups, as 131 (52.4%) migrants and 124 (49.6%) non-migrants were drinking alcohol. More than half of migrants (58.0%) and non-migrants (52.6%) had premarital penetrative vaginal sex with multiple partners. Conclusion: In the present study, friends followed by movies and television were main source of sexual knowledge among both migrants and non-migrants, with both groups aware of advantage of condom use in preventing HIV/STDs. More non-migrants had misconceptions about masturbation than migrants while both groups did not favor sex medicines.
Vegetation Distributions along Lichen-Dominated Slopes of Opposing Aspect in the Eastern Canadian Subarctic

Detailed vegetation surveys along two opposing slopes in the boreal forest-tundra ecotone of Quebec-Labrador reveal distinct distributions and habitat preferences of prevalent lichen and shrub species. The presence or absence of a protective shrub layer was the main determinant of lichen distributions. Generally, there was an inverse relationship between the proportional surface coverages of vascular plants and lichens. At the most exposed site, nearest the ridge top, Cetraria nivalis (L.) Ach. , Alectoria ochroleuca (Hoffm.) Massal. and Cetraria nigricans Nyl. were integrated well into the lichen mat and surrounded stoney earth circles. Increased shrub growth and protection quickly eliminated these lichens at lower elevations but allowed for more widespread growth of Cladina rangiferina (L.) Nyl. Cladina stellaris (Opiz) Brodo was the most pervasive lichen and appeared to be a generalist in habitat selection. Slope aspect influenced the distributions of three lichens of limited habitat range. The northerly facing slope provides preferable conditions for their growth farther downslope, thus extending their suitable habitat range. These results suggest the possibility of defining distinct lichen habitats based on exposure or, conversely, on protection provided by the presence of a shrub-tree canopy. Key words: lichens, vegetation gradient, subarctic, topography, tundra, eastern Canadian Subarctic
Categorical Formation of Mandarin Color Terms at Different Luminance Levels

This study presents the categorical formation of a set of Mandarin color terms on the International Com- mission on Illumination (CIE) 1931 chromaticity diagram across six luminance levels. This article conducted a study that employed 44 native Mandarin speakers to per- form a force-choice sorting task. The Mandarin color terms for sorting were determined by a free-recall pretest and are consistent with basic color terms proposed by Berlin and Kay. The square-sampled stimuli were gener- ated by evenly sweeping the x-y diagram of 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 170 cd/m 2 planes. The categorical sorting results and response time (RT) measurements suggest that: (1) the concepts of green, blue, purple, and gray sta- bly exist at most luminance levels. The voting RT for the green, blue, and purple categories is particularly short. (2) Red, orange, yellow, and pink are highly luminance- dependent; these can be identified without difficulty only at some restricted luminance levels. (3) The chromaticity areas designated as orange, partial yellow, red, and pink are recognized as brown when the luminance level decreases. (4) Brown and gray serve as representations of two distinct tints in the low saturation condition. (5) The location of boundaries between blue and green are remarkably different than those in a similar study that
Child labour and child schooling in rural Ethiopia: nature and trade-off

We examine work participation and schooling for children aged 7–15 using survey data from rural Ethiopia. Bivariate probit and age-adjusted educational attainment equations have been estimated. Male children are found to be more likely to attend school than their female counterparts. ‘Specialization’ in child labour is also found, with females more likely to participate in domestic chores while males participate in market work. The likelihood of combining schooling with work is found to increase with family size and ownership of livestock. Importantly, child labour reduces educational attainment of children. Interventions aimed at increasing educational opportunities, reducing poverty, and family planning may be vital in raising educational attainment of children.
On the UV/Optical Variation in NGC 5548: New Evidence Against the Reprocessing Diagram

The reprocessing scenario is widely adopted in literature to explain the observed tight inter-band correlation and short lags in the UV/optical variations of active galactic nuclei. In this work we look into the color variability of the famous Seyfert galaxy NGC 5548 with high quality \Swift{} multi-band UV/optical light curves. We find its color variation is clearly timescale-dependent, in a way that the bluer-when-brighter trend is more prominent at shorter timescales. This is similar to that previously detected in quasar samples, but for the first time in an individual AGN. We show that while a reprocessing model with strict assumptions on the driving source and the disk size can apparently match the observed light curves and inter-band lags, it fails to reproduce the observed timescale dependency in the color variation. Such discrepancy raises a severe challenge to, and can hardly be reconciled under the widely accepted reprocessing diagram. It also demonstrates that the timescale dependency of the color variation is uniquely powerful in probing the physics behind AGN UV/optical variations.
Changes in length-weight relationship and condition factor of Talang queenfish (Scomberoides commersonnianus) in the north-west Persian Gulf

The present study, which was conducted on Scomberoides commersonnianus as one of the commercially important fishes of Carangidae, seeks to investigate changes of length-weight relationships in different sexes, seasons and length classes and to calculate condition factor of Talang queenfish. In this study, 563 specimens (292 males, 247 females, and 24 of unknown sex) were collected from the north-west of the Persian Gulf from Oct. 2011 to Jan. 2013. Length-weight relationships and condition factor were determined for each sex in four length classes within different seasons. In general, the growth pattern in this fish was negatively allometric and the length-weight relationship in combined sexes amounted to W=2.9109FL-1.8424. The growth pattern of combined sexes was negatively allometric in spring and autumn and isometric in summer and winter. Also, growth pattern was positively allometric in 8-31 class, negatively allometric in the 31-54 cm and 54-77 cm classes and isometric in the 77-100 cm class among all specimens. Also, the condition factor in males exceeded that of females in spring, autumn and winter; however, it was greater in females than in males during summer. In this season, females were in better condition owing to an increase in the weight of ovaries. The results demonstrate that growth pattern and condition factor vary in different seasons, lengths and sexes probably because of change in feeding intensity and the time of reproduction.
Proposition and Test of a Quality Assessment Extension WebQual Model in Brazil

This study has a purpose to test the extended WebQual Model from the inclusion of the construct familiarity has nomological validity, besides to verify the explained variance to satisfaction and intention to reuse are higher in the extended model than the original model. The quality evaluation WebQual model presents a measurement process from twelve constructs: information fit-to-task, tailored information, on-line completeness, relative advantage, easy of understanding, intuitive operations, trust, response time, visual appeal, innovativeness, emotional appeal and consistent image. Constructs familiarity, satisfaction and intention to reuse by users were included in this model. Data were collected by electronic means, and at the end, 456 questionnaires were obtained from the Rede Habitar portal and 240 questionnaires from Rede Imvista portal, totalizing 696 questionnaires. Obtained results indicate that the analyzed portals quality evaluation is reasonable, which all one-dimensional indices, reliability, and convergent validity showed suitable results. In the discriminant validity, only two correlations did not show proper values. Nomological validity was achieved and the relationship between the extended model constructs were shown suitable. In explained variance terms, the construct familiarity insertion increased the indicator’s value for satisfaction, however it should also be considered the lack of discriminant validity between familiarity and satisfaction.
Direct Contributions of Dry Forests to Nutrition: A Review

SUMMARY Globally, micronutrient deficiencies are more prevalent than calorie and protein deficiencies. In order to address global micronutrient deficiencies, increasing attention is being paid to the nutritional quality of people's diets. While conventional agriculture is key for ensuring adequate calories, dietary quality depends on the consumption of a diverse range of micronutrient rich foods. Many wild foods are rich in micronutrients, particularly fruits, vegetables, and animal source food. As a result there has been increasing interest in the value of wild foods to meeting nutritional requirements. We review literature on the consumption of wild foods in dry forest areas to assess the current state of knowledge as to how dry forests may contribute to nutrition. We focus on papers that quantify consumption of wild forest foods. Although there is a great deal of literature that lends weight to the notion that dry forests are important for food security and nutrition, we find surprisingly little evidence of direct contributions to diets. Of 2514 articles identified by our search, only four quantify the consumption of wild foods from dry forests, and only one of these puts this consumption in the context of the entire diet. There is a need for research on the nutritional importance of dry forest foods which combines methodologies from nutrition science with an understanding and appreciation of the ecological, social, cultural and economic context.
Identification and Genetic Characterization of a New d10 Mutated Indica Rice Germplasm

Plant architecture is a determining factor for yield of cereal crop rice. Multi-tiller and dwarf mutants are useful germplasms for the study of rice plant architecture. In this research, we investigated a new multi-tiller and dwarf mutant, Jiahecong’ai (JHCA), and compared its genetic characteristics with 6 other rice varieties or lines. Two F 2 populations were developed by crossing JHCA with Gaoliangdao 1 (GLD1) and Guangchang 13 (GC13), which were used for further studies. Our results showed that the extreme dwarf and multitiller phenotype of JHCA was controlled by a recessive locus named xmd(t) . The xmd(t) locus was fine mapped to an interval between XMd-SSR4 and XMd-SSR25 marker on chromosome 2, which spans 190 kb in length including 28 annotated genes. Allelic sequence analysis revealed that the xmd(t) of JHCA has a 40-bp deletion in D10 gene, which encodes a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 8 (OsCCD8) involved in strigolactone (SL) biosynthesis pathway. Further genetic analysis suggested that JHCA should be a good rice germplasm for studying plant architecture in rice as well as metabolism interactions between gibberellin and strigolactone based on the reinforcement of dwarfing effect by d10 and sd1 .
Spatio-temporal smoothing of lightning climatologies

Abstract. This study develops methods for estimating lightning climatologies on the d−1km−2 scale for regions with complex terrain and applies them to summertime observations (2010 – 2015) of the lightning location system ALDIS in the Austrian state of Carinthia in the Eastern Alps. Generalized additive models (GAMs) are used to model both the probability of occurrence and the intensity of lightning. Additive effects are set up for altitude, day of the year (season) and geographical location (longitude/latitude). The performance 5 of the models is verified by 6-fold cross-validation. The altitude effect of the occurrence model suggests higher probabilities of lightning for locations on higher elevations. The seasonal effect peaks in mid July. The spatial effect models several local features, but there is a pronounced minimum in the Northwest and a clear maximum in the Eastern part of Carinthia. The estimated effects of the intensity model reveal similar features, though they are not equal. Main difference is that the spatial effect varies more strongly than the analogous effect of 10 the occurrence model. A major asset of the introduced method is that the resulting climatological information vary smoothly over space and time. Thus, the climatology is capable to serve as a useful tool in quantitative applications, i.e., risk assessment and weather prediction.
“Welcome culture”: The emergence and transformation of a public debate on migration

This article investigates the emergence and transformation of a debate on “welcome culture”. This concept has developed as part of a wider effort by the German government since 2005 to improve perceptions of immigration. In autumn 2015, the term entered mainstream public discourse when it became a point of reference for political, societal and media actors. These groups sought to promote a pro-refugee policy for humanitarian or economic reasons, or simply out of pragmatism. Eventually, right-wing actors began to dominate the discourse in order to undermine the pro-refugee camp and approach. The discussion therefore reflects the struggles to define whether Germany and Austria are countries of immigration, or should even aspire to this title.
Institutions, Veto Points, and Policy Results: A Comparative Analysis of Health Care

ABSTRACT The medical profession is reputed to control decision-making in medical care to such an extent that one can speak of professional dominance. Yet West European health policies have radically changed the working conditions and incomes of doctors in many countries. Why have some governments been able to ‘socialize’ medicine? This article seeks to refute the view that the medical profession exercises a universal veto power. In contrast to scholars who explain medical influence in terms of singular characteristics of the medical profession or through the historical process of professionalization, this essay focuses on the properties of distinct political systems that make them vulnerable to medical influence. It argues that we have veto points within political systems and not veto groups within societies. By comparing the lobbying efforts of medical associations in Switzerland, France, and Sweden, the article analyses the role of political institutions in accounting for different patterns of medical association influence on health policy.
Hydro-acoustic frequencies of the weakly compressible mild-slope equation

We present a novel analytical solution for hydro-acoustic waves in a weakly compressible fluid flow over a slowly varying bottom. Application of a multiple-scale perturbation technique and matched asymptotic analysis leads to a uniform analytical solution of the depth-averaged governing equations in three dimensions. We show that the slow depth variation has a leading-order effect on the evolution of the normal mode amplitude and direction. This dynamics is much richer than the two-dimensional limit analysed in previous studies. For tsunamigenic disturbances, we show that the hydro-acoustic wave field is made up by longshore trapped and offshore propagating components, which were not explicated in previous work. For a plane beach, we find an exact analytical solution of the model equation in terms of integrals of Bessel functions. Our model offers a physical insight into the evolution of hydro-acoustic waves of interest for the design of tsunami early warning systems.
A Qualitative Study on 6th Grade Science and Technology Curriculum

The rapid development in technology, the effect of globalization and economical competition between countries make educational innovations necessary. In order to harmonize new generation with scientific and technological challenges, the science and technology curriculum plays crucial role. The aim of the study is to analyze new 6th grade science and technology curriculum so as to determine its main characteristics and the main differences between formal curriculum and experienced curriculum is based on analysis of formal curriculum, interviews with science and technology teachers and one observation. In this study, the researcher addresses Posner’s (1995) curriculum analysis questions through using the documents provided, and interviews with four science and technology teachers who teach in four different cities. Additionally, one observation is conducted in a class to observe the implementation of the new curriculum in real learning environment and observe the infrastructure of school. Findings show that participant teachers are satisfied with characteristics of constructivist approach in new science and technology curriculum, whereas it is stated that they have difficulty in the implementation phase. The participants mention not only inadequate lab equipment, but also difficulty in schedule of laboratories. It is also believed that participants elicit sufficient theoretical information during their pre-service education; however, they criticize the inadequate practice sessions. It is also believed that crowded classrooms are obstacles to implement a new curriculum.
PREDICTORS OF UPPER LIMB DISORDERS AMONG A PUBLIC UNIVERSITY WORKERS IN MALAYSIA

ABSTRACT Background: Upper Limb Disorder (ULD) includes a wide range of musculoskeletal diseases and syndromes, which are usually associated with pain and discomfort. The major forms of musculoskeletal disease that account for significant work-related morbidity include upper limb disorders. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of upper limb disorders among a public university worker. Methodology: A cross sectional study design and simple random sampling was used to select six out of fifteen faculties. A total 271 participants were selected from the list of workers name during 20 th of May 2014 to 1 st of September 2014 . Data were collected by face-to-face interview based on standardizes Nordic questionnaire. Weight was measured with a digital (TANITA Weighing Scale) and height by using (SECA206 bodymeter) . Results: The results of this study showed that the response rate was 86 %, the prevalence of ULDs among staffs of public university in Malaysia was 67.2% in different body regions, while neck had the highest prevalence 147 (54.2%) and elbows had the lowest prevalence 35 (13%). In addition, significant association were found between ULDs with age, smoking, BMI, exercise and duration of employment (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI and exercise were significant predictors of ULDs. Conclusion: The prevalence of upper limb disorders among public university workers is high (67.2%). The major risk factors responsible for ULDs was BMI and exercise among public university workers, so workers should be educated on how to maintain an optimal BMI through the consumption of appropriate meals and regular exercise recommended in order to prevent ULDs and other related musculoskeletal problems. Keywords: Upper Limb Disorders, University Workers
Introducing the construct curiosity for predicting job performance

Summary The present paper provides a conceptual and empirical examination regarding the relevance of the construct curiosity for work-related outcomes. On the basis of a review and integration of the literature regarding the construct itself, the construct is conceptually linked with performance in the work context. In line with a confirmatory research strategy, the sample of the present study (N=320) has requirements which reflect this conceptual link. Results from a concurrent validation study confirmed the hypothesis regarding the significance of curiosity for job performance (r=.34). Furthermore, incremental validity of curiosity above 12 cognitive and non-cognitive predictors for job performance suggests that curiosity captures variance in the criterion that is not explained by predictors traditionally used in organizational psychology. It is concluded that curiosity is an important variable for the prediction and explanation of work-related behavior. Furthermore, given the dramatic changes in the world of work, the importance is likely to rise, rather than to decline, which has important implications for organizational theories and applied purposes, such as personnel selection. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MODERATING EFFECT OF FIRM SIZE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MANAGEMENT PARTICIPATION AND FIRM PERFORMANCE

The study aimed to determine the effect of management participation on the performance of manufacturing firms in a developing country context. The study used descriptive survey approach. A structured and semi structured questionnaire was administered to 176 manufacturing firms comprising twelve sub sectors firms in Nairobi and surrounding areas. Out of which , 111 usable questionnaires were returned, giving a response rate of 63% which is adequate for analysis. While, Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient to indicate direction of relationship between the independent, dependent and moderator variables, multiple regression analysis, was used to explain the nature of relationship between the variables. F-statistic was also used to decide the validity of the model while R-squared was used to help determine the model goodness-of -fit. The findings revealed that performance of manufacturing firms was significantly related to the nature and extent of management participation in strategic planning. The study thus concluded that management participation in strategic planning had significant effect on both the financial and non- financial performance indicators of the manufacturing firms. Hence management participation in strategic planning is a significant factor among firm level practices that enhance overall firm performance. The study also concluded that, while firm size is a predictor in management participation and firm performance relationship, it is not moderator in the relationship between management participation and firm performance and therefore there may be other moderators not dealt with in the study.