Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Method of Fundamental Solutions Applied to 3-D Velocity Induced Eddy Current Problems

A meshless method of fundamental solutions (MFS) is applied for the determination of eddy currents inside a translatory moving conductor in the field of a permanent magnet. Three cases are considered: 1) a defect-free specimen; 2) a specimen with a spherical sub-surface defect; and 3) the difference between 1) and 2) as a defect response case. The latter is directly computed with a novel approach using two fictitious surfaces, inside and outside the defect, where the point sources of the MFS are randomly placed. We investigate the optimal distance of the fictitious surfaces containing the randomly placed point sources of the MFS. The eddy current field distributions are compared to a reference finite-element solution. We obtain mean normalized root-mean-square errors below 1% for all three cases. Our proposed meshless MFS for the defect response case allows for direct inclusion into inverse solutions for non-destructive evaluation applications.
Efficient Data Embedding for Interpolation based Reversible Data Hiding Scheme

Interpolation based reversible data hiding (RDH) has showed great promises for better embedding rate-distortion performance in digital image applications. In this paper, we develop and present a quadratic interpolation based RDH scheme, where all the embeddable bits are sought to be effectively utilized to ensure a minimum possible embedding distortion with higher embedding capacity. Particularly, unlike a recent interpolation based RDH scheme, the proposed embedding process avoids the use of flag bit to track whether the embedded payload-bits are in original or complement form. This tracking is achieved by utilizing the correlation between the embeddable pixel and estimated versions of embedded pixel and thereby one more data bit is embedded in place of the flag bit. The early results of our proposed scheme compared to recent IRDH schemes have recorded a significantly higher embedding capacity (i.e., 42% and 46% higher bpp) with better image quality (i.e., 1.4% and 2.25% higher PSNR, and 5.57% and 2.74% higher SSIM) for similar values of capacity control parameter, respectively.
A Synchrophasor Test Platform for Development and Assessment of Phasor Measurement Units

The development of platforms and methods for test and calibration of phasor measurement units (PMUs) has drawn attention from the power systems community, especially due to the wide range of specific tests that must be performed. Aiming at reducing labor-intensive processes and the complexity of such tests, this paper presents an automated platform for test, calibration, and performance assessment of PMUs following the IEEE Std C37.118. 1. The platform is composed of signal-generation hardware and software running on a personal computer. The test signals are synthesized in software, allowing different waveform configurations for automated testing. Also, the software receives information from the PMU under test and compares it to reference data, displaying results and statistics in real time. Because most of the functions of the system are performed in software, easy inclusion of additional tests or migration to other signal-generation hardware platforms is possible. The resulting test system allows tracing the behavior of the hardware and corresponding embedded software used in the PMU architecture under test through thousands of measurements collected in just a few minutes. The simple and versatile low-cost system presented in this paper enables accurate, flexible, and versatile automated testing of PMU devices with real-time visualization of results.
Microfluidics-based super-resolution microscopy enables nanoscopic characterization of blood stem cell rolling

Super-resolution imaging reveals subtle interplay between nanoscopic organization of membrane ligands and cellular interaction. Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) homing occurs via cell adhesion mediated by spatiotemporally organized ligand-receptor interactions. Although molecules and biological processes involved in this multistep cellular interaction with endothelium have been studied extensively, molecular mechanisms of this process, in particular the nanoscale spatiotemporal behavior of ligand-receptor interactions and their role in the cellular interaction, remain elusive. We introduce a microfluidics-based super-resolution fluorescence imaging platform and apply the method to investigate the initial essential step in the homing, tethering, and rolling of HSPCs under external shear stress that is mediated by selectins, expressed on endothelium, with selectin ligands (that is, CD44) expressed on HSPCs. Our new method reveals transient nanoscale reorganization of CD44 clusters during cell rolling on E-selectin. We demonstrate that this mechanical force-induced reorganization is accompanied by a large structural reorganization of actin cytoskeleton. The CD44 clusters were partly disrupted by disrupting lipid rafts. The spatial reorganization of CD44 and actin cytoskeleton was not observed for the lipid raft–disrupted cells, demonstrating the essential role of the spatial clustering of CD44 on its reorganization during cell rolling. The lipid raft disruption causes faster and unstable cell rolling on E-selectin compared with the intact cells. Together, our results demonstrate that the spatial reorganization of CD44 and actin cytoskeleton is the result of concerted effect of E-selectin–ligand interactions, external shear stress, and spatial clustering of the selectin ligands, and has significant effect on the tethering/rolling step in HSPC homing. Our new experimental platform provides a foundation for characterizing complicated HSPC homing.
Minimum-Backflow-Power Scheme of DAB-Based Solid-State Transformer With Extended-Phase-Shift Control

As key component for the flexible dc distributed power system, the dual active bridge (DAB)-converter-based solid-state transformer (SST) with high efficiency for a wide operating range is essential. However, with the traditional phase-shift control, high backflow power and current stress will significantly affect the conversion efficiency. In this paper, the backflow power characteristics in both sides of DAB-based SST converters are comprehensively analyzed. On this basis, complete transmission power, backflow power, and peak current mathematical models are established. Then, a minimum-backflow-power-based extended-phase-shift control strategy is proposed with the determination of optimal phase-shift pairs by using the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker function for various scenarios. The backflow power and current stress curves with different algorithms are compared. It shows the proposed control can improve the output power regulation flexibility, minimize the backflow power, and improve the efficiency in wide operating range. Finally, a DAB-based SST prototype was developed and the experimental results verified the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
An In-depth Study of Digits in Passwords for Chinese Websites

The current research mainly employs natural language processing techniques to study semantic patterns in passwords, but they do not explore deeply the construction of digits to generate more hittable guesses. In this paper, we utilize memory chunking method to split non-semantic digits in passwords, and define combination rules to split semantic digits patterns into small chunks. We use patterns customized for Chinese websites to extract structures and segments of letters and symbols. And we model them with Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars to generate password guesses. In addition, we introduce a definition called Password Guesses Probability Sparsity to describe the negative impact brought by sophisticated patterns, and develop measures to get substantial improvements. Experiment results based on large-scale datasets included over 160 million entries show our method guesses passwords much more effective than previous methods for guessing long numerical passwords and universal passwords. We achieve 107.18% relative improvements over John the Ripper for guessing long numerical passwords, and 14.46% relative gains than previous methods for guessing universal passwords.
Deep Learning Based Attribute Classification Insider Threat Detection for Data Security

With the evolution of network threat, identifying threat from internal is getting more and more difficult. To detect malicious insiders, we move forward a step and propose a novel attribute classification insider threat detection method based on long short term memory recurrent neural networks (LSTM-RNNs). To achieve high detection rate, event aggregator, feature extractor, several attribute classifiers and anomaly calculator are seamlessly integrated into an end-to-end detection framework. Using the CERT insider threat dataset v6.2 and threat detection recall as our performance metric, experimental results validate that the proposed threat detection method greatly outperforms k-Nearest Neighbor, Isolation Forest, Support Vector Machine and Principal Component Analysis based threat detection methods.
First Permanent Molars and Permanent Incisors Teeth by Tooth Prevalence of Molar–Incisor–Hypomineralisation in a Group of Spanish Schoolchildren

Background Molar-incisor-hypomineralisation (MIH) is a disturbance in dental development that commonly involves first permanent molars but permanent incisors may also be compromised. The prevalence of MIH in the literature varies between 2.5% and 40% of the world child population. Little information is gained on the prevalence of MIH among children in Spain. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of MIH among school children from Barcelona, Spain. Material and methods A cross-sectional study which included 705 children, aged 6 -14 years and 11 months was carried out. Full mouth examinations were performed using the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria for the diagnosis of MIH. Results A total of 56 cases of MIH were found, 22 (39.3%) boys and 34 (60.7%) girls. The prevalence was 7.94% (6.39% for boys and 9.41% for girls). MIH lesions were seen more often in girls than boys (χ2 = 4.9, p= 0.023) the male/female ratio being 1:1.54. Upper teeth were more prevalent than lower teeth in both genders with an upper/lower ratio of 1.86/1 for boys and 1.68/1 for girls. Conclusion Considered either by gender or by teeth, upper teeth and girls were ahead in our sample.
A Comparison on Finite-Set Model Predictive Torque Control Schemes for PMSMs

This paper introduces the comparison of four predictive torque control schemes for a permanent-magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). The first method is the finite-set model predictive control (FS-MPC). In FS-MPC, the optimal switching state is selected based on the evaluation and minimization of a cost function for all possible voltage space vectors (VSVs) of the inverter. The second method performs a simplified FS-MPC where the selection and evaluation of the possible VSVs are reduced to only three. The third method is based on the principle of predictive direct torque control (PDTC), where the duty cycle of the switching state is optimized for application in the inverter. Finally, a method that combines FS-MPC and PDTC named model predictive torque control is presented. This paper introduces the methodology and the results of a comprehensive comparison of the four predictive schemes based on different criterions. The control schemes are implemented on a field-programmable gate array and are applied to a PMSM. Experimental results are presented to validate the presented comparison and discussion.
Evaluation of Spontaneous Bone Healing After Enucleation of Large Residual Cyst in Maxilla without Graft Material Utilization: Case Report

Cystic lesions of the jaws such as keratocysts (scientific community still continues to use the term 'odontogenic keratocyst' more favourably than 'keratocystic odontogenic tumour' although both terms remain acceptable synonyms), follicular cysts, radicular cysts, and residual cysts may reach large proportions, causing considerable bone destruction. Enucleation of cystic lesions in the jaw produces bone defects, which may recover spontaneously or with assisted healing with the use of autogenous bone graft or other bone substitute materials. This clinical study presents a spontaneous bone regeneration after residual cyst enucleation in the distal part of the maxilla. The progress of recovery is followed by clinical and radiographic examination and subjective data obtained from the patient. Bone regeneration and cystic cavity reduction was observed in the panoramic image after six months and after one year. The physiological process of coagulation provides the basic process for the spontaneous bone formation even if an osseous defect is considerably large, provided that the defect is surrounded by adequate bony walls.
Webshell Detection Based on Random Forest–Gradient Boosting Decision Tree Algorithm

Webshell is a type of web backdoor which can be used by hackers to control web servers remotely. It is true that webshell becomes increasingly hard to detect because of the use of more and more hiding technologies, such decoding and encrypting. However, webshell still can be detected with high accuracy by virtue of machine learning algorithms. In this paper, we proposed a PHP webshell detecting model, the RF-GBDT (Random Forest–Gradient Boosting Decision Tree) model, which is the combination of random forest classifier and GBDT classifier. Besides, we not only used the common statistical features of PHP source files, such as information entropy, index of coincidence and so forth, but also extracted opcode sequence features from PHP source files, including TF-IDF vector and hash vector. Based on the RF-GBDT model and those effective features, the RF-GBDT PHP webshell prediction model shows an excellent performance, achieving the accuracy of 99.169% with false positive rate of 0.682%, shadowing several popular webshell detectors.
Childhood maltreatment trauma: a comparison between patients in treatment for substance use disorders and patients in mental health treatment

ABSTRACT Background: While previous research has found strong associations between childhood maltreatment trauma and substance use disorders (SUDs), the role of possible moderating effects of gender and mediating effects of psychopathology and SUD is unclear. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate differences in self-reported childhood maltreatment trauma, general psychological distress, and post-traumatic stress symptoms between 112 patients in treatment for substance use disorders (SUD group) and 112 matched controls with mild to moderate mental health disorders (comparison group). Methods: Childhood maltreatment trauma was measured by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire – Short Form (CTQ-SF). General psychological distress was measured by the Symptom Checklist-90 – Revised (SCL-90-R), and post-traumatic stress symptoms were measured by the Impact of Event Scale – Revised (IES-R). Results: The SUD group reported more severe childhood maltreatment trauma than the comparison group. Females in the SUD group reported more severe and various forms of trauma compared to males. The SUD group reported higher mean scores on the SCL-90-R, but the proportions of people with caseness scores on the IES-R and the SCL-90-R were similar in the two samples. The SUD group reported more avoidance symptoms than the comparison group. Conclusion: This study adds further evidence to the repeatedly found strong associations between childhood maltreatment trauma and SUD, implying that the prevention of childhood maltreatment trauma may reduce the occurrence of SUD. Furthermore, patients with SUD should be screened for childhood maltreatment trauma, and the results should be applied in trauma-informed as well as trauma-focused interventions aimed to help this population. The association appears to be particularly strong for female substance users.
MATLAB/Simulink-Based Simulation and Experimental Validation of a Novel Energy Storage System to a New Type of Linear Engine for Alternative Energy Vehicle Applications

This paper focuses on the research of simulation model and experiment of a novel energy storage system (ESS). This novel ESS is dedicated to supplying power flow effectively for a new type of linear engine, which is used in alternative energy vehicle firstly. The control strategy has been proposed based on the ESS model, which adopts bidirectional four modes of operation to control the power flow. To sufficiently discuss the ESS dynamic behavior, the performance of the novel ESS is analyzed using simulations based on MATLAB/Simulink and experiments based on digital signal processor TMS320F2812. Finally, simulation and experimental results have verified the effectiveness of the novel ESS and the accuracy of the control strategy.
Robust Fuzzy Adaptive Tracking Control for Nonaffine Stochastic Nonlinear Switching Systems

This paper is concerned with the trajectory tracking control problem of a class of nonaffine stochastic nonlinear switched systems with the nonlower triangular form under arbitrary switching. Fuzzy systems are employed to tackle the problem from packaged unknown nonlinearities, and the backstepping and robust adaptive control techniques are applied to design the controller by adopting the structural characteristics of fuzzy systems and the common Lyapunov function approach. By using Lyapunov stability theory, the semiglobally uniformly ultimate boundness in the fourth-moment of all closed-loop signals is guaranteed, and the system output is ensured to converge to a small neighborhood of the given trajectory. The main advantages of this paper lie in the fact that both the completely nonaffine form and nonlower triangular structure are taken into account for the controlled systems, and the increasing property of whole state functions is removed by using the structural characteristics of fuzzy systems. The developed control method is verified through a numerical example.
Relationship between Otological Symptoms and TMD.

BACKGROUND Patients with any type of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) may have several symptoms in their temporomandibular joints, masticatory muscles and associated structures, and may have otological symptoms such as tinnitus, ear fullness, ear pain, hearing loss, hyperacusis, and vertigo, which may be due to the anatomical proximity between the temporomandibular joint, muscles innervated by the trigeminal nerve, and ear structures. Objective: This study found a prevalence of ear complaints described in the medical records of patients (n = 485) at the Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of the Temporomandibular Joint and Dental-Facial Functional Alterations at Tuiuti University of Paraná (CDATM/UTP), with TMD evaluated by the Research Diagnostic Criteria/Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/ TMD). METHOD After approval by the ethics committee were examined 485 medical records of patients of the CDATM/UTP, of both sexes a period of 2 years. The data analyzed were gender, age and the presence of reported otologic symptoms. The data were organized and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS (IBM Statistic 20.0). RESULTS The results showed a higher number of female patients between 41 and 50 years old. There was a prevalence of otological symptoms (tinnitus, deafness, dizziness, imbalance, and ear fullness) in 87% of TMD cases, regardless of sex and age. Tinnitus was the symptom with the highest prevalence (42%), followed by the ear fullness (39%). CONCLUSION These data support the correlation between temporomandibular disorders and otological symptoms, even without being caused directly by the ear.
Record of the circumstances of falls in the community: perspective in the Iberian Peninsula

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the diagnosis of the situation regarding documentation of falls and risk of falls in people older than 75 years in basic health units in Spain and Portugal. Method: mixed exploratory study in two stages: (i) quantitative descriptive of randomly selected fall records produced in one year (597 records; 197 Spanish and 400 Portuguese); and (ii) qualitative, with the purpose of knowing the perception of health professionals employing semi-structured interviews (72 professionals, 16 Spanish and 56 Portuguese). The study areas were two basic health units in southern Spain and northern Portugal. Results: in the fall records, the number of women was higher. The presence of fall was associated with the variables age, presence of dementia, osteoarticular disease, previous falls and consumption of antivertiginous medication. Health professionals perceived an absence of risk assessment instruments, as well as lack of prevention programs and lack of awareness of this event. Conclusion: falls are perceived as an area of priority attention for health professionals. Nonetheless, there is a lack of adherence to the registration of falls and risk assessment, due to organizational, logistical and motivational problems.
Exploring Relationships of Psychological Sense of Community With Self-Rated Health and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Chinese Americans

This study examined the relationships of psychological sense of community (PSOC) with self-rated health and depressive symptoms among older Chinese Americans. The sample was taken from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (PINE), a population-based survey of 3,159 community-dwelling seniors. PSOC was measured through the Sense of Community Index (SCI). Factor analysis indicated a four-dimensional structure within the SCI; however, the SCI lacked dimensional consistency and items that composed four underlying factors were different than the proposed ones. After controlling for sociodemographics, binary and multinomial logistic regression analyses showed that a higher level of PSOC was related to a lower likelihood of self-reporting poor or fair health and of developing more depressive symptoms. The identified factors of influence and emotional connection were also significantly related to self-rated health and depressive symptoms. Future research need aim at improving the conceptualization process of the PSOC and cultural relevance in minority populations.
Antiviral activity of Acanthaster planci phospholipase A2 against human immunodeficiency virus

Aim: Investigation of antiviral activity of Acanthaster planci phospholipase A2 (AP-PLA2) from moluccas to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Materials and Methods: Crude venom (CV) and F20 (PLA2 with 20% fractioned by ammonium sulfate) as a sample of PLA 2 obtained from A. planci’s extract were used. Enzymatic activity of PLA2 was determined using the degradation of phosphatidylcholine (PC). Activity test was performed using in vitro method using coculture of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from a blood donor and PBMC from HIV patient. Toxicity test of AP-PLA2 was done using lethal concentration required to kill 50% of the population (LC50). Results: AP-PLA2 F20 had activity and purity by 15.66 times bigger than CV. The test showed that the LC50 of AP-PLA2 is 1.638 mg/ml. Antiviral analysis of AP-PLA2 in vitro showed the inhibition of HIV infection to PBMC. HIV culture with AP-PLA2 and without AP-PLA2 has shown the number of infected PBMC (0.299±0.212% and 9.718±0.802%). Subsequently, RNA amplification of HIV using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction resulted in the decrease of band intensity in gag gene of HIV. Conclusion: This research suggests that AP-PLA2 has the potential to develop as an antiviral agent because in vitro experiment showed its ability to decrease HIV infection in PBMC and the number of HIV ribonucleic acid in culture.