Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Flourishing Scale (FS), Greek Version and Evaluation of Two Well-Being Models

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factor structure, invariance, reliability, convergent and discriminant validity of the Flourishing Scale using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in 2272 Greek adults (aged M = 35.54 years). We used the 3-faced validation method. After splitting the sample in three parts (20%, 40% and 40%), we established a structure in the first 20% part with Exploratory Factor Analysis. Later on, the structure was re-examined in the second 40% part with Confirmatory Factor Analysis, confirming the unidimensional structure of FS. This unidimensional structure was further cross-validated in the third part of the sample having equal power to the second one (40%) with a second CFA. In the final phase of the 3-faced validation method, strict measurement invariance was evaluated. The Tripartite Model of Mental well-being and the Two-Continua Well-being Model were also evaluated using FS as a well-being measure supporting FS construct validity further. Reliability (α and ω) and AVE convergent validity were also examined. Convergent and discriminant validity were examined using 12 different measures. Normative data were also calculated. Considering all findings, FS is gender invariant, reliable, and valid measure for the Greek cultural context.
Reconstructing Late Holocene North Atlantic atmospheric circulation changes using functional paleoclimate networks

Abstract. Obtaining reliable reconstructions of long-term atmospheric circulation changes in the North Atlantic region presents a persistent challenge to contemporary paleoclimate research, which has been addressed by a multitude of recent studies. In order to contribute a novel methodological aspect to this active field, we apply here evolving functional network analysis, a recently developed tool for studying temporal changes of the spatial co-variability structure of the Earth's climate system, to a set of Late Holocene paleoclimate proxy records covering the last two millennia. The emerging patterns obtained by our analysis are related to long-term changes in the dominant mode of atmospheric circulation in the region, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). By comparing the time-dependent inter-regional linkage structures of the obtained functional paleoclimate network representations to a recent multi-centennial NAO reconstruction, we identify co-variability between southern Greenland, Svalbard, and Fennoscandia as being indicative of a positive NAO phase, while connections from Greenland and Fennoscandia to central Europe are more pronounced during negative NAO phases. By drawing upon this correspondence, we use some key parameters of the evolving network structure to obtain a qualitative reconstruction of the NAO long-term variability over the entire Common Era (last 2000 years) using a linear regression model trained upon the existing shorter reconstruction.
TUBERCULOSIS AND LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION

22. Paradise JL, Bluestone CD, Colborn DK. Adenoidectomy and adenotonsillectomy for recurrent acute otitis media: parallel, randomized, clinical trials in children not previously treated with tympanostomy tubes. JAMA. 1999; 282:945-953. 23. Darrow DH, Siemens C. Indications for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Laryngoscope. 2002;112(8 pt 2, suppl 100):6-10. 24. Hammaren-Malmi S, Saxen H, Tarkanen J, et al. Adenoidectomy does not significantly reduce the incidence of otitis media in conjunction with the insertion of tympanostomy tubes in children who are younger than 4 years: a randomized trial. Pediatrics. 2005;116(1):185-189. 25. Walner DL. Pediatric tonsillectomy: coblation versus electrocautery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999;121: 277-282. 26. Belloso A, Chidambaram A, Morar P. Coblation tonsillectomy versus dissection tonsillectomy. Laryngoscope.2003;113:2010-2013. 27. Williams RC. Hemorrhage following tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in a review of 18,184 operations. J Laryngol Otol. 1967;81:805-808. 28. Tate N. Deaths from tonsillectomy. Lancet.1963;2:10901091. 29. Maw AR. Tonsillectomy today: annotations. Arch Dis Child. 1986;61:421-423. 30. Windfuhr JP, Chen YS, Remmert S. Hemorrhage following tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in 15,218 patients. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005;132(2):281-286. 31. Hirth K, Welkoborsky HJ. Grisel’s syndrome following ENT-surgery: report of two cases. Laryngothinootolgie. 2003;82:794-798. 32. Sagowski C, Koch U. Lemierre syndrome; thrombosis of the internal jugular vein after tonsillectomy. HNO. 2004; 52:251-254. 33. Goins MR, Pitovski DZ. Posttonsillectomy taste distortion: a significant complication. Laryngoscope. 2004;114: 1206-1213. 34. Georgalas C, Tolley N, Kanagalingam J. Measuring quality of life in children with adenotonsillar disease with the child health questionnaire: a first UK study. Laryngoscope. 2004;114:1849-1855. 35. Ali N, Pitson D, Stradling J. Snoring, sleep disturbance and behavior in 4-5 year olds. Arch Dis Child. 1993;68: 360-366. 36. Lim J, McKean M. Adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea in children. Cochrane Database System Rev. 2003;1:CD003136. 37. Helfaer MA, McColley SA, Pyzik PL, et al. Polysomnography after adenotonsillectomy in mild pediatric obstructive sleep apnea. Crit Care Med. 1996;24(8):1323-1327.
Identifying Analogies Across Domains

Identifying analogies across domains without supervision is an important task for artiﬁcial intelligence. Recent advances in cross domain image mapping have concentrated on translating images across domains. Although the progress made is impressive, the visual ﬁdelity many times does not sufﬁce for identifying the matching sample from the other domain. In this paper, we tackle this very task of ﬁnding exact analogies between datasets i.e. for every image from domain A ﬁnd an analogous image in domain B. We present a matching-by-synthesis approach: AN-GAN, and show that it outperforms current techniques. We further show that the cross-domain mapping task can be broken into two parts: domain alignment and learning the mapping function. The tasks can be iteratively solved, and as the alignment is improved, the unsupervised translation function reaches quality comparable to full supervision.
Salinity preference of silvering Japanese eel Anguilla japonica: evidence from pituitary prolactin mRNA levels and otolith Sr:Ca ratios

The salinity preference of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica during silvering was validated from the viewpoints of physiological ecology by examining the pituitary prolactin (PRL) mRNA expression and the otolith strontium:calcium (Sr:Ca) ratios of the eels of different sexual maturity stages collected in an estuary of Taiwan. The PRL possessed a putative signal peptide of 24 amino acids and a mature peptide of 185 amino acids. RT-PCR and real-time quantitative PCR analyses indicated that the transcript levels of PRL mRNA significantly decreased from yellow to silver stage. On the contrary, the Sr:Ca ratios at the otolith edge of silver eels, which recorded their latest experience of salinity history, significantly increased. The increase in otolith Sr:Ca ratios and the decrease in PRL mRNA expression are consistent with the timing of migration from freshwater to seawater during silvering of the eel.
Perceived job autonomy and turnover intention: The moderating role of perceived supervisor support

Perceived job autonomy has been recognized as a central tenet of work design, leading to a range of positive outcomes. Still, scholars have rightfully questioned its predictive role for several outcomes, including turnover intention as the two have been found to be virtually unrelated. In line with calls for more complex research on the predictive role of perceived job autonomy on employee outcomes, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the relationship between perceived job autonomy and turnover intention may be prone to contextual influences. Two cross-sectional surveys among 680 Norwegian employees from different public service organizations showed that the relationship between perceived job autonomy and turnover intention was moderated by perceived supervisor support. In support of our hypothesis, the form of the moderations revealed that perceived job autonomy was negatively related to turnover intention only for employees reporting high levels of perceived supervisor support. Implications for practice and directions for future research are discussed.
COLONY CHOICE IN CLIFF SWALLOWS: EFFECTS OF HETEROGENEITY IN FORAGING HABITAT

Abstract One potential determinant of colony size in birds is the local availability of food near a nesting site. Insectivorous Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) in southwestern Nebraska nest in colonies ranging from 2 to over 3,000 nests, but they feed on so many kinds of insects that direct sampling of food resources is impractical. Instead, we investigated the degree to which swallow colony size was correlated with the extent of different habitat types, land use diversity, and plant species diversity in the colony's foraging range, and used those parameters as indices of potential variation among sites in food availability. Amount of flowing and standing water in the foraging range was a significant predictor of mean colony size across years at a site, with larger colonies associated with more water. The same result held for most years when analyzed separately. The extent of flowing water in the foraging range also was a significant predictor of the frequency with which a site was occupied across years. In addition, univariate tests suggested that the amount of cultivated cropland in the foraging range varied inversely with colony size. Land use diversity, as measured by Simpson's index, increased significantly with colony size, and all of the sites with perennially very large colonies (mean colony size >1,000 nests) were associated with foraging ranges of relatively high land use diversity. Repeatability of colony size across years differed significantly from zero across all sites, but repeatabilities were significantly lower (colony sizes less similar between years) for sites situated in low-diversity habitats and for sites used less often. There was no strong effect of plant species diversity within the foraging range on either colony size at a site or likelihood of site use. We conclude that land use diversity per se (and possibly the extent of water near a site) might influence insect distribution and constrain formation of the larger colonies to certain sites. These findings emphasize that colony choice in Cliff Swallows is complex, reflecting both the socially mediated costs and benefits of group size that vary among individuals and the effects of habitat heterogeneity that may influence food availability at some sites.
Assessing adolescents’ sport participation motives: psychometric evaluation of BRSQ

The aim of the study was to examine the factorial structure and validity of Behavioral Regulation in Sports Questionnaire (BRSQ – Lonsdale Hodge & Rose, 2008). The proposed nine dimensional motivation model by Lonsdale et al. (2008) investigated: i) amotivation, ii) external regulation, iii) introjected regulation, iv) identified regulation, v) integrated regulation, vi) IM-general, vii) IM to know, viii) IM to experience stimulation and ix) IM to accomplish. One hundred and fifty-eight children aged 10 to 13 years old, all active members of private volleyball, football and basketball sport academies in a Greek city, completed the questionnaire. The age groups were chosen based on the early period of adolescence when a person seems to formulate his/her decision about whether to continue participating in a sport, choose another or abandon exercise in general. The scale was translated into Greek using the back-translation procedure. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) did not provide adequate support for the factorial validity of the motivational model. The data were then analyzed with an exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency through Cronbach alpha. Exploratory Factor Analysis revealed six out of the initial nine motivational factors. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
Computably enumerable Turing degrees and the meet property

Working in the Turing degree structure, we show that those degrees which contain computably enumerable sets all satisfy the meet property, i.e. if a is c.e. and b < a, then there exists non-zero m < a with b ^m = 0. In fact, more than this is true: m may always be chosen to be a minimal degree. This settles a conjecture of Cooper and Epstein from the 80s.
Two-Way Gaussian Channels with an Intelligent Jammer

We consider the existence and structure of (zero-sum game) Nash equilibria for a two-way channel in the presence of an intelligent jammer capable of tapping the channel signals in both directions. We assume that the source and noise signals are all Gaussian random variables, where the source signals are independent of each other while the noise signals are arbitrarily correlated. We show that for fixed jammer power constraints, a Nash equilibrium exists with respect to the system wide mean square error (MSE), and equilibrium jamming policies are always Gaussian. We derive the equilibrium policies in closed form under various system parameters. Finally for two system scenarios, we analytically determine the optimal power allocation levels the jammer can deploy in each channel link, when allowed to operate under an overall power budget.
Relationship between Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio and the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization

Introduction: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is considered as an independent predictor of long-term prognosis in the individual patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study sought to assess the relationship between NLR and CAD severity in Iranian patients undergoing cardiac catheterization.Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 500 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presented to Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom, Iran, for admission and underwent cardiac catheterization between March 2015 and May 2017. The patients were assigned into three groups of high NLR (more than 3), intermediate NLR (between 2 and 3), and low NLR (less than 2). Then the CAD severity and its relationship with NLR were assessed.Results: According to the results, there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of CAD severity (P<0.001), and high NLR was independently associated with more severe CAD.Conclusion: Given the results of this study, high NLR was associated with CAD severity.
Yapılandırmacı Öğretimin Fen Öğretimi Dersinde Başarı ve Tutuma Etkileri

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of constructivist instruction on the fourth grade preservice science teachers’ achievement, attitude towards science teaching of in Science Teaching Methods II course. Two groups were assigned from Hacettepe University Faculty of Education Department of Science Education. Experimental group consisted of 53 and the control group consisted of 50 preservice science teachers. Quasi experimental research design was used. Constructivist instruction was used in experimental group and traditional instruction was used in control group This research study was conducted in fall semester of the 2007-2008 academic year and lasted 15 weeks. A mixed between within ANOVA with repeated measures was used as a statistical technique for analyzing data. Statistical mean difference was obtained for all tests in favor of experimental group at the end.
Sedimentology and kinematics of a large, retrogressive growth‐fault system in Upper Carboniferous deltaic sediments, western Ireland

Growth faulting is a common feature of many deltaic environments and is vital in determining local sediment dispersal and accumulation, and hence in controlling the resultant sedimentary facies distribution and architecture. Growth faults occur on a range of scales, from a few centimetres to hundreds of metres, with the largest growth faults frequently being under‐represented in outcrops that are often smaller than the scale of feature under investigation. This paper presents data from the exceptionally large outcrops of the Cliffs of Moher, western Ireland, where a growth‐fault complex affects strata up to 60 m in thickness and extends laterally for ≈ 3 km. Study of this Namurian (Upper Carboniferous) growth‐fault system enables the relationship between growth faulting and sedimentation to be detailed and permits reconstruction of the kinematic history of faulting. Growth faulting was initiated with the onset of sandstone deposition on a succession of silty mudstones that overlie a thin, marine shale. The decollement horizon developed at the top of the marine shale contact for the first nine faults, by which time aggradation in the hangingwall exceeded 60 m in thickness. After this time, failure planes developed at higher stratigraphic levels and were associated with smaller scale faults. The fault complex shows a dominantly landward retrogressive movement, in which only one fault was largely active at any one time. There is no evidence of compressional features at the base of the growth faults, thus suggesting open‐ended slides, and the faults display both disintegrative and non‐disintegrative structure. Thin‐bedded, distal mouth bar facies dominate the hangingwall stratigraphy and, in the final stages of growth‐fault movement, erosion of the crests of rollover structures resulted in the highest strata being restricted to the proximity of the fault. These upper erosion surfaces on the fault scarp developed erosive chutes that were cut parallel to flow and are downlapped by the distal hangingwall strata of younger growth faults.
Altered manganese homeostasis and manganese toxicity in Huntington’s Disease striatal cell model are not due to defects in iron transport system

Expansion of a polyglutamine tract in Huntingtin (Htt) leads to the degeneration of medium spiny neurons in Huntington's disease (HD). Furthermore, the HTT gene has been functionally linked to iron (Fe) metabolism, and HD patients show alterations in brain and peripheral Fe homeostasis. Recently, we discovered that expression of mutant HTT is associated with impaired manganese (Mn) uptake following overexposure in a striatal neuronal cell line and mouse model of HD. Here we test the hypothesis that the transferrin receptor (TfR)–mediated Fe uptake pathway is responsible for the HD-associated defects in Mn uptake. Western blot analysis showed that TfR levels are reduced in the mutant STHdhQ111/Q111 striatal cell line, whereas levels of the Fe and Mn transporter, divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), are unchanged. To stress the Fe transport system, we exposed mutant and wild-type cells to elevated Fe(III), which revealed a subtle impairment in net Fe uptake only at the highest Fe exposures. In contrast, the HD mutant line exhibited substantial deficits in net Mn uptake, even under basal conditions. Finally, to functionally evaluate a role for Fe transporters in the Mn uptake deficit, we examined Mn toxicity in the presence of saturating Fe(III) levels. Although Fe(III) exposure decreased Mn neurotoxicity, it did so equally for wild-type and mutant cells. Therefore, although Fe transporters contribute to Mn uptake and toxicity in the striatal cell lines, functional alterations in this pathway are insufficient to explain the strong Mn resistance phenotype of this HD cell model. manganese | Huntington’s disease | iron | neurotoxicity | transferrin receptors |
Effects of topical levobunolol or fixed combination of dorzolamide-timolol or association of dorzolamide-levobunolol on intraocular pressure, pupil size, and heart rate in healthy cats

The effects of topical levobunolol with the fixed combination of 2% dorzolamide-0.5% timolol and the association of 2% dorzolamide with 0.5% levobunolol on intraocular pressure (IOP), pupil size (PS), heart rate (HR), and conjunctival hyperemia in eighteen halthy cats were investigated and compared. IOP, PS, HR, and conjuntival hyperemia were daily recorded at three times (9a.m., 2p.m., and 6p.m.). Three groups were formed (n=6), and one eye of each animal was randomly selected and treated with topical levobunolol (L), or commercial combination of dorzolamide-timolol (DT), or the association of dorzolamide with levobunolol (DL). The first day (0) consisted of recording of baseline values. On the next four consecutive days, drugs were instilled at 8a.m. and 8p.m. and measurements were taken at the same times fore cited. Comparing with the baseline values, all evaluated parameters significantly decreased (P<0.001). Conjuntival hyperemia was not seen. Levobunolol significantly declined IOP, PS, and HR in normal cats, and showed a stronger effect in lowering HR, when compared to dorzolamidetimolol effect. No synergistic effect in IOP declining was noted when levobunolol dorzolamide was added to levobunolol.
Understanding How Students Study: The Genealogy and Conceptual Basis of A Widely Used Pedagogical Research Tool, Biggs’ Study Process Questionnaire

The Study Process Questionnaire (SPQ) continues to be applied in a wide range of pedagogical situations. However, the question remains as to how well a researcher understands the conceptual basis behind the tool they choose. This essay provides a compact and comprehensive view of the conceptual basis for the development of the original SPQ, and the later revised version (R-SPQ-2F), and offers a way for a researcher to quickly be informed on the concepts underpinning the tool, enabling the opportunity to quickly assess whether the R-SPQ-2F is an appropriate tool to be using in there study. In this essay we look at the earliest stages in the development of the SPQ, through to the development of the revised Study Process Questionnaire unpacking the underlying conceptual model.
Finding Cost-Efficient Decision Trees

Decision trees have been a popular machine learning technique for some time. Labelled data, examples each with a vector of values in a feature space, are used to create a structure that can assign a class to unseen examples with their own vector of values. Decision trees are simple to construct, easy to understand on viewing, and have many desirable properties such as resistance to errors and noise in real world data. Decision trees can be extended to include costs associated with each test, allowing a preference over the feature space. The problem of minimizing the expected-cost of a decision tree is known to be NP-complete. As a result, most approaches to decision tree induction rely on a heuristic. This thesis extends the methods used in past research to look for decision trees with a smaller expected-cost than those found using a simple heuristic. In contrast to the past research which found smaller decision trees using exact approaches, I find that exact approaches in general do not find lower expected-cost decision trees than heuristic approaches. It is the work of this thesis to show that the success of past research on the simpler problem of minimizing decision tree size is partially dependent on the conversion of the data to binary form. This conversion uses the values of the attributes as binary tests instead of the attributes themselves when constructing the decision tree. The effect of converting data to binary form is examined in detail and across multiple measures of data to show the extent of this effect and to reiterate the effect is mostly on the number of leaves in the decision tree.