Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The psychosexual impact of human papillomavirus cervical infections.

BACKGROUND Occult human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, present in approximately 20% of women in the United States, is usually sexually transmitted, associated with substantial health risks, and unpredictable in its resolution. The potential for adverse psychosexual alterations due to HPV infection in women considered at low risk for bacterial sexually transmitted diseases is substantial, but data is lacking. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with sexually active women aged 18 to 60 years who had been enrolled at community-based offices in the University of Michigan Vaginitis Study. Women found to have occult HPV infection of the cervix were notified, received physician consultation, and were encouraged to have colposcopy performed to assess lesion status. Responses to a follow-up written questionnaire for differences in psychosexual functioning and attitudes following diagnosis were compared among these women and those without HPV infection. RESULTS The women enrolled were primarily white and had a current sexual partner at the time of enrollment. They had few sexually transmitted infections and few risk factors, yet 20% had unsuspected HPV infection. Psychosexual characteristics at baseline and at follow-up, as well as perceived changes in these characteristics by the women, did not differ between women with HPV infection and those without. Stratification by potential confounders, including the presence of a vaginal infection at the time of study enrollment, household income level, ethnic background, age, marital status, and sexual history, did not alter these results. CONCLUSIONS Women at low risk for sexually transmitted diseases, but who had a cervical HPV infection, were similar to those not infected in reported psychosexual characteristics and functioning. Adverse changes in these characteristics between the time of the diagnosis and subsequent follow-up were no more likely in those with the diagnosis than in those without.
Simple Clinical Criteria to Identify Sepsis or Pneumonia in Neonates in the Community Needing Treatment or Referral

Background: Sepsis, meningitis and pneumonia annually kill 1.1 million neonates in developing countries; most deaths occur at home. Objectives: To develop simple clinical criteria, enabling health workers in communities to identify neonates with potentially fatal sepsis; and to identify the danger signs alerting mothers to seek care. Methods: In a field trial in 39 villages in Gadchiroli, India, trained health workers visited all neonates at home 8 times during the first 28 days of life, recording signs and outcome without interventions during 1995–1996 and with home-based management of sick neonates during 1996–1999. An independent neonatologist assigned the cause of death. We use the term “sepsis” to include sepsis, meningitis and pneumonia. We evaluated 31 signs as predictors of 43 sepsis deaths among 3567 neonates. We also evaluated mothers’ observations as the danger signs to seek care. Results: Simultaneous presence of any 2 of 7 signs (reduced or stopped sucking; weak or no cry; limbs becoming limp; vomiting or abdominal distension; baby cold to touch; severe chest indrawing; umbilical infection) predicted sepsis death with sensitivity 100%, specificity 92%, positive predictive value 27.2% and negative predictive value 100% in the nonintervention period. The criteria identified 10.6% of the neonates in the community as suspected sepsis, at a mean of 5.4 days before death. The criteria remained valid in the postintervention period. Any 1 of the 5 maternally observed danger signs (reduced sucking, drowsy or unconscious, baby cold to touch, fast breathing and chest indrawing) gave 100% sensitivity and identified 23.9% neonates for seeking care. Conclusion: These criteria identify neonates in the community who are at risk for dying of infection with excellent sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value but a moderate positive predictive value. They can be used by health workers to select sick neonates for treatment or referral. One potentially fatal case would be treated per 4 presumptive cases treated.
The role of personal work goals in newcomers' job satisfaction and organizational commitment: a longitudinal analysis.

This study examined the importance of 3 characteristics of personal work goals (i.e., commitment, attainability, and progress) in accounting for changes in newcomers' affective job attitudes (i.e., job satisfaction and organizational commitment) during the 1st months of employment. Twenty weeks after organizational entry, 81 newcomers provided a list of their personal work goals. Goal attributes and job attitudes were assessed at 3 testing periods covering 8 months. Goal commitment was found to moderate the extent to which differences in the attainability of personal goals at the workplace accounted for changes in job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Goal progress mediated the interactive effect of goal commitment and attainability on newcomers' job attitudes. Findings are discussed with respect to their relevance for proactive approaches to organizational socialization.
Anterior Retrograde Approach to the Myofascial Temporalis Muscle for Orbital Reconstruction: Series of 9 Consecutive Cases

BackgroundAmong the reconstructive options after orbital exenteration, the temporalis myofascial flap (TMF) has been widely recognized as the one of the best available solutions. We think that the hemicoronal approach to harvest the TMF represents a disadvantage so we adopted a modified approach that we named the anterior retrograde approach to the TMF. MethodsNine patients with malignant orbital tumors underwent orbital exenteration and primary reconstruction with TMF harvested with the anterior retrograde approach. The temporalis muscle was widely exposed through the anterior incision used to perform the orbital exenteration. The harvested flap was then rotated and insetted to fill the orbital cavity. ResultsNeither cases of total/partial flap failure nor local/regional recurrence of tumor were recorded. The technique showed a significant reduction of morbidity, surgical time, and blood loss compared with the traditional technique. ConclusionsWe think that the anterior retrograde approach should be considered as a valid alternative to the traditional hemicoronal approach.
Germ line c-myc is not down-regulated by loss or exclusion of activating factors in myc-induced macrophage tumors

As in tumors with c-myc chromosomal translocations, c-myc retrovirus-induced monocyte tumors constitutively express an activated form of c-myc (the proviral gene), whereas the normal endogenous c-myc genes are transcriptionally silent. Treatment of these retrovirus-induced tumor cells with a number of bioactive chemicals and growth factors that are known to induce c-myc expression in cells of the monocyte lineage failed to induce the endogenous c-myc gene. In contrast, the same treatments induced the c-fos gene in both tumors and a control macrophage line. To investigate c-myc suppression further, a normal copy of the human c-myc gene was introduced into tumor and control cell lines by using a retrovirus with self-inactivating long terminal repeats. This transduced normal gene was expressed at equivalent levels in all cells, regardless of the state of endogenous c-myc gene expression, and was strongly induced by agents that induce the normal gene in the control cells. These results indicate that the signal transduction pathways that normally activate the c-myc gene are functional in myc-induced tumor cells and suggest that endogenous c-myc is actively suppressed. An examination of the c-myc locus itself showed that the lack of transcriptional activity correlated with the absence of several prominent DNase I-hypersensitive sites in the 5'-flanking region of the gene but without loss of general DNase sensitivity. Furthermore, analysis of 22 methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme sites in the 5'-flanking region, first exon, and first intron indicated that the silent c-myc genes remained in the same unmethylated state as did actively expressed genes. Thus, c-myc suppression does not appear to result from the most frequently described mechanisms of gene inactivation.
On the origin of the featureless soft X-ray excess emission from the Seyfert 1 galaxy ESO 198-G24.

We present medium- and high-resolution X-ray spectral study of a Seyfert 1 galaxy ESO 198–G24 using a long (∼122 ks) XMM–Newton observation performed in 2006 February. The source has a prominent featureless soft X-ray excess below 2 keV. This makes the source well suited to investigate the origin of the soft excess. Two physical models – blurred reflection and optically thick thermal Comptonization in a warm plasma, describe the soft excess equally well resulting in similar fits in the 0.3–10 keV band. These models also yield similar fits to the broad-band UV (optical monitor) and X-ray data. XMM–Newton observations performed in 2000, 2001 and 2006 on this source show flux variability. From 2001 to 2006, the UV flux increased by ∼23 per cent while the 2–10 keV X-ray flux as well as the soft-excess flux decreased by ∼20 per cent. This observation can be described in the blurred reflection scenario by a truncated accretion disc whose inner-most radius had come closer to the black hole. We find that the best-fitting inner radius of the accretion disc decreases from $R_{\rm in}=4. 93_{-1.10}^{+1.12}R_{\rm G}$ to R_in < 2. 5R_G from 2001 to 2006. This leads to an increase in the UV flux and compressing the corona, leading to reduction of the power-law flux and therefore the soft excess. The blurred reflection model seems to better describe the soft excess for this source.
Functional changes induced by psychological stress are not enough to cause intestinal inflammation in Sprague–Dawley rats

Background It is well known that stress contributes to the perpetuation of several gastrointestinal diseases. However, its role as a trigger of the inflammatory process in absence of other putative contributing factors remains controversial. Our aim was to elucidate whether stress per se can induce a primary gut inflammation in non‐predisposed rats.
On the Non-Additivity of Visual Tilt Illusions

In Experiment I, the visual tilt illusion induced by two orthogonal lines was found to differ from the sum of the illusions induced by each line independently. The length of one of the orthogonal-inducing lines was varied in Experiment II with the other inducing line remaining a fixed length. As length increased from zero (no line) to 100%, the size of the illusion increased monotonically. The increase in illusion was not due to the increasing length of the variable line alone since, in the absence of the line of fixed length, increasing the length of the variable line produced no significant trend in the illusion (Experiment III).
Comparacion del desarrollo de Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), criado sobre una dieta artificial y sobre Maiz

Bajo coondiciones de Laboratorio en El Cuji. La Mariposa. Estado Miranda, Venezuela, a una temperatura promedio de 22.5 centigrados y una humedad relativa de 78 %, se realizo un ensayo para determinar las variaciones en el desarrollo de Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), cuando fue alimentado sobre dieta artificial (Bowling 1967) y sobre maiz (Zea mays) su principal planta hospedera. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la dieta artificial usada puede aplicarse para la cria individualizada de gran numero de ejemplares. aunque el tiempo de desarrollo (larva-adulto), fue significativamente mayor prolongandose en promedio de 8,08 dias, comparados con los alimentados sobre maiz. La sobrevivencia en las fases de larva, plepupa y pupa no presento diferencias significativas asi como tampoco la proporcion (Hombre-Hombre, Mujer-Mujer) mientras que el peso de las pupas resulto signiticativamente mayor en los ejemplares alimentados con dieta artificial, siendo en promedio 67.3 mg. mayor que los alimentados con maiz
Stimulated PI 3 K-AKT Signaling Mediated through Ligand or Radiation-Induced EGFR Depends Indirectly , but not Directly , on Constitutive KRas Activity

Previous results showed an inducible radiation sensitivity selectively observable for K-RAS–mutated cell lines as a function of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor blockade of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling. Therefore, the role of K-Ras activity for a direct (i.e., through activation of PI3K by K-Ras) or an indirect stimulation of PI3K-AKT signaling (through K-Ras activity–dependent EGFR ligand production) was investigated by means of small interfering RNA and inhibitor approaches as well as ELISA measurements of EGFR ligand production. K-RASmt tumor cells presented a constitutively activated extracellular signal–regulated kinase-1/2 signaling, resulting in enhanced production and secretion of the EGFR ligand amphiregulin (AREG). Medium supernatants conditioned by K-RASmt tumor cells equally efficiently stimulated EGFR signaling into the PI3K-AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Knocking down K-Ras expression by specific small interfering RNA markedly affected autocrine production of AREG, but not PI3K-AKT signaling, after treatment of K-RAS–mutated or wild-type cells with EGFR ligands or exposure to ionizing radiation. These results indicate that PI3K-mediated activation of AKT in K-RASmt human tumor cells as a function of EGFR ligand or radiation stimulus is independent of a direct function of K-Ras enzyme activity but depends on a K-Ras–mediated enhanced production of EGFR ligands (i.e., most likely AREG) through up-regulated extracellular signal–regulated kinase-1/2 signaling. The data provide new differential insight into the importance of K-RAS mutation in the context of PI3K-AKT–mediated radioresistance of EGFR-overexpressing or EGFRmutated tumors. (Mol Cancer Res 2007;5(8):863–72)
Impact of body habitus on single-site laparoscopic appendectomy for nonperforated appendicitis: subset analysis from a prospective, randomized trial.

INTRODUCTION There have been several series documenting the utility of single-site laparoscopic appendectomy. However, there are no data to support patient selection based on their physical characteristics. We recently completed a large prospective, randomized trial comparing single-site laparoscopic appendectomy with standard three-port laparoscopic appendectomy for nonperforated appendicitis. This dataset was used to examine the relative impact of body habitus on operative approach. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We performed an analysis of the dataset collected in a prospective, randomized trial of 360 appendectomy patients who presented with nonperforated appendicitis. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and plotted on a growth chart to obtain BMI percentile according to gender and age. Standard definitions for overweight (BMI 85-95%) and obesity (BMI >95%) were used. RESULTS In the single-site group there were 26 overweight and 19 obese patients. In the three-port group there were 25 overweight and 16 obese patients. There were no significant differences between overweight and normal with either approach. However, with the single-site approach there was longer mean operative time, more doses of postoperative narcotics given, longer length of stay, and greater hospital charges in obese patients. In the three-port group, there were no differences between normal and obese patients. CONCLUSIONS When using the single-site approach for appendectomy, obesity in children creates longer operative times, more doses of postoperative analgesics, longer length of stay, and greater charges. However, obesity has no impact on three-port appendectomy.
Distribution of Adenylyl Cyclases in the Rat Ovary by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

In the mammalian ovary both gonadotropins and local cytokines, acting through G‐protein coupled receptors, govern the physiology of the ovary in part by regulating the cyclic adenosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate via adenylyl cyclases. The nine transmembrane adenylyl cyclases and a soluble adenylyl cyclase are regulated by a diversity of ligands. In this study we have examined the rat ovaries, prior to and subsequent to gonadotropin treatment, for the presence of different transmembrane adenylyl cyclases by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. Adenylyl cyclase I immunoreactivity was observed in the nuclei of oocytes in preantral and antral follicles along with some staining in granulosa cells. Equine chorionic gonadotropin injection increased adenylyl cyclase I staining in granulosa cells. Adenylyl cyclase I staining was also observed in luteal and endothelial cells. Adenylyl cyclase II was observed throughout the ovary, including granulosa cells and the ovarian surface epithelium. Adenylyl cyclase II staining was also found to increase in granulosa cells after equine chorionic gonadotropin injection. Adenylyl cyclase III was distributed primarily in theca and smooth muscle cells of arterioles, with faint staining in the oocytes of equine chorionic gonadotropin‐injected ovaries. Adenylyl cyclase IV staining was present throughout the ovary, including the nuclei of oocytes. Adenylyl cyclase VIII staining in granulosa cells increased subsequent to equine chorionic gonadotropin injection and remained in luteal cells. Our study reveals the redundancy of adenylyl cyclases present in the rat ovary and, therefore, implies potential regulation of follicular and corpus luteum physiology by cyclic adenosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate generated through distinct adenylyl cyclases. Anat Rec, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differential neurophysiological correlates of bottom-up and top-down modulations of pain

Abstract The perception of pain is highly variable. It depends on bottom-up-mediated factors like stimulus intensity and top-down-mediated factors like expectations. In the brain, pain is associated with a complex pattern of neuronal responses including evoked potentials and induced responses at alpha and gamma frequencies. Although they all covary with stimulus intensity and pain perception, responses at gamma frequencies can be particularly closely related to the perception of pain. It is, however, unclear whether this association holds true across all types of pain modulation. Here, we used electroencephalography to directly compare bottom-up- and top-down-mediated modulations of pain, which were implemented by changes in stimulus intensity and placebo analgesia, respectively. The results show that stimulus intensity modulated pain-evoked potentials and pain-induced alpha and gamma responses. In contrast, placebo analgesia was associated with changes of evoked potentials, but not of alpha and gamma responses. These findings reveal that pain-related neuronal responses are differentially sensitive to bottom-up and top-down modulations of pain, indicating that they provide complementary information about pain perception. The results further show that pain-induced gamma oscillations do not invariably encode pain perception but may rather represent a marker of sensory processing whose influence on pain perception varies with behavioral context.
Perceptions of firms within a cluster regarding the cluster's function and success: Amish furniture manufacturing in Ohio

Th e Amish-based furniture manufacturing cluster in and around Holmes County, OH, is home to some 400 shops and has become an important regional driver of demand for hardwood products. Th e cluster has expanded even as the broader domestic furniture industry has declined. Clustering dynamics are seen as important to the success, but little information has been available to assess the perceptions of fi rms operating within the cluster. Th e present study asked manufacturers to rate the importance of several factors to making the Holmes County region a good place to be in business. Common actions taken by these fi rms, and the information sources most commonly used, also were evaluated. A reputation for high-quality products was rated as critical to the cluster's success, followed by access to suppliers and manufacturing services. It was somewhat common to outsource components from other local shops, to use other vendors for computer numeric control work, and to refer potential customers to other local shops when better equipped for an order. Firms within the cluster were close to their customers, as conversations with customers was rated the most common source of information to learn about furniture industry trends. Word of mouth from other local shops also was somewhat important. Th ese results demonstrated the importance of repeated interaction among the numerous shops, and also showed the importance individual fi rms placed on maintaining the reputation for high- quality products coming from the cluster. Th e unique mix of cooperation and competition has resulted in a model of competitiveness in wood furniture manufacturing.
Catalase and alpha-tocopherol attenuate blood-brain barrier breakdown in pentylenetetrazole-induced epileptic seizures in acute hyperglycaemic rats.

Experimental data indicate that acute hyperglycaemia can aggravate the consequences of epileptic seizures on the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of chronic administration of alpha -tocopherol (vitamin E) and acute catalase administration on the disrupted BBB during experimentally pentylenetetrazole-induced status epilepticus in acute hyperglycaemic rats. The integrity of the BBB was tested using the Evans Blue (EB) dye extravasation. The concentration of EB dye was measured in four regions of the brain. Epileptic seizures induced a significant increase in EB dye extravasation in the brain regions compared with that of the groups of rats treated with saline, glucose, catalase and alpha -tocopherol (P< 0.01). The content of EB dye in the brain regions of animals in the acute hyperglycaemia plus epileptic group was higher than that of the saline, glucose, catalase, alpha -tocopherol and epileptic groups (P< 0.01). The increased EB dye transfer from blood to the brain in status epilepticus and acute hyperglycaemia plus status epilepticus was attenuated by the treatment with catalase and alpha -tocopherol. These data suggest that a partial reduction in the production of reactive oxygen species by catalase and alpha -tocopherol contributes to decreases in the content of EB dye across the BBB during pentylenetetrazole-induced status epilepticus in acute hyperglycaemic rats.
Efficacy and safety of pre-Descemet's membrane sutures for the management of acute corneal hydrops in keratoconus

Aims The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of pre-Descemet's membrane (DM) sutures associated with intracameral air injection for management of acute corneal hydrops associated with keratoconus. Methods We carried out a retrospective interventional study of seven consecutive cases. Three to seven pre-DM sutures with 10-0 nylon were applied perpendicularly to the tear as close as possible to DM, under general anaesthesia. An air bubble was injected into the anterior chamber at the end of each procedure. Results Corneal oedema began to decrease from day 1 after surgery in all our patients. Best-corrected visual acuity progressed from 2.13 to 1.65 logMar (p=0.031) 1 month after surgery, and from 2.13 to 0.84 logMar (p=0.016) 2 months after surgery. The mean corneal thickness measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography decreased from 1472 µm (range 689–2770 µm) on day 0 to 909 µm (range 484–1640 µm) on day 1 (p=0.016), 716 µm (range 484–1380 µm) on day 15 (p=0.016) and 528 µm (range 404–618 µm) 1 month after surgery. Conclusions Our results suggest that intrastromal pre-DM sutures and intracameral air injection could promptly restore imperviousness of posterior stroma. This technique seems to be a safe and useful procedure to shorten acute corneal hydrops.