Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What can synaesthesia tell us about our minds

Synaesthesia is considered here as a cognitive phenomenon in the context of developmental, neuropathological and linguistic perspectives. Developmental synaesthesia seems to arise as an effect of interplay between genotype and phenotype, during the implicit learning process in childhood, in those individuals who possess an inborn susceptibility to it. Some connections between synaesthesia and extraordinary experiences, brain restructuration and pain, are examined. Acquired types of synaesthesia may be related to sensory deprivation. The somatosensory cortex may be significant for cognitive synaesthesia, with especial importance placed on a mirror system. It is suggested here that synaesthesia might play a compensatory role during the sensorimotor stage of development. Linguistic-colour synaesthesia seems to be an abstract type of association that may characterize people with a hypersensitive colour perceptual system. In the present view synaesthesia may be seen as an effect of some deficiency that concerns double integrative processes.
Short Communication: The Interaction of HIV Set Point Viral Load and Subtype on Disease Progression.

HIV-1 subtype and viral load set point have been implicated as strong predictors of HIV-1 disease progression; however, the relationship between these two variables has not been investigated. We used data from the Rakai Community Cohort Study to investigate whether the association between viral load set point and disease progression is modified by HIV subtype. Time to AIDS or AIDS-related death was estimated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis stratified by subtype and viral set point, and Cox proportional hazards regression with an interaction term between viral load set point and HIV subtype. The interaction term did not indicate effect measure modification between viral load set point and progression to AIDS by HIV-1 subtype [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 0.99; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61-1.61; p = . 968]. Stratifed analysis by subtype was also not indicative of a difference in relationship between viral load set point and time to AIDS with overlapping 95% CIs between subtypes A and D (subtype A aHR: 2.40, 95% CI 1.45-3.99, subtype D aHR: 1.96, 95% CI 1.60-2.40). These results indicate that the higher mortality in subtype D-infected individuals is independent of viral load set point.
Probing the mechanism of inhibition of amyloid-β(1–42)–induced neurotoxicity by the chaperonin GroEL

Significance Chaperones, including the chaperonin Hsp60, facilitate protein folding and prevent protein aggregation, thereby protecting cells from protein misfolding diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, a fatal neurodegenerative condition associated with the accumulation of amyloid-β plaques in the brain. We show that the bacterial homolog of human Hsp60, GroEL, protects neuronal cell cultures against morphological and electrophysiological damage induced by amyloid-β(1–42). Using a range of biophysical techniques, we demonstrate that transient interactions of GroEL with amyloid-β(1–42) monomers slow down the rate of appearance of protofibrils and fibrils, providing a mechanistic basis for the neuroprotective properties of Hsp60. The human chaperonin Hsp60 is thought to play a role in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease by mitigating against intracellular β-amyloid stress. Here, we show that the bacterial homolog GroEL (51% sequence identity) reduces the neurotoxic effects of amyloid-β(1–42) (Aβ42) on human neural stem cell-derived neuronal cultures. To understand the mechanism of GroEL-mediated abrogation of neurotoxicity, we studied the interaction of Aβ42 with GroEL using a variety of biophysical techniques. Aβ42 binds to GroEL as a monomer with a lifetime of ∼1 ms, as determined from global analysis of multiple relaxation-based NMR experiments. Dynamic light scattering demonstrates that GroEL dissolves small amounts of high–molecular-weight polydisperse aggregates present in fresh soluble Aβ42 preparations. The residue-specific transverse relaxation rate profile for GroEL-bound Aβ42 reveals the presence of three anchor-binding regions (residues 16–21, 31–34, and 40–41) located within the hydrophobic GroEL-consensus binding sequences. Single-molecule FRET analysis of Aβ42 binding to GroEL results in no significant change in the FRET efficiency of a doubly labeled Aβ42 construct, indicating that Aβ42 samples a random coil ensemble when bound to GroEL. Finally, GroEL substantially slows down the disappearance of NMR visible Aβ42 species and the appearance of Aβ42 protofibrils and fibrils as monitored by electron and atomic force microscopies. The latter observations correlate with the effect of GroEL on the time course of Aβ42-induced neurotoxicity. These data provide a physical basis for understanding how Hsp60 may serve to slow down the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.
Young Children Have Difficulty Predicting Future Preferences in the Presence of a Conflicting Physiological State

This study examined children’s predictions about their future preferences when they were in two different physiological states (thirsty and not thirsty). Ninety 3- to 7-year-olds were asked to predict what they would prefer tomorrow: pretzels to eat or water to drink after having consumed pretzels, and again after having had the opportunity to quench their thirst with water. Results showed that although children initially preferred pretzels to water at baseline, they more often indicated that they would prefer water the next day after they had consumed pretzels. After consuming water, however, the same children indicated they would prefer pretzels the next day. Children’s verbal justifications for their choices rarely made reference to their current or future states, but rather justifications were more likely to make reference to their general preferences when they were no longer thirsty compared to when they were thirsty. Results suggest that current physiological states have a powerful influence on future preferences. The findings are discussed in the context of the development of episodic foresight, the Bischof-Kohler hypothesis, and the important and often overlooked role that children’s current states play in future decision making. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Impact of Working Capital Management on Profitability of Croatian Software Companies

Abstract The idea that working capital management impacts profitability and risk of a company is generally accepted and in last 10-15 years has acquired a substantial interest. Accordingly, from the aspect of the measure of efficiency of working capital management, the objective of this paper is to evaluate working capital management impact on profitability of Croatian software companies. This impact was examined using descriptive and correlation as well as panel regression analysis for six-year period (2008-2013). The results show that after controlling for characteristics of the company and macroeconomic conditions working capital management significantly affects the profitability of Croatian software firms. Moreover, the results imply the existence of a nonlinear, concave quadratic relationship between the net working capital and return on assets. This suggest the existence of an optimal level of net working capital that balances costs and benefits and maximizes profitability of analysed companies.
Movement patterns of franciscana dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei) in Bahia Anegada, Buenos Aires, Argentina

From January 1993 to July 1999, systematic sightings of franciscana dolphins were conducted from four shore-based stations in Bahia Anegada, Argentina. Data were recorded using focal animal/group sampling methods. This study tested the hypothesis that dolphin movements within Bahia Anegada were random, assuming independence of sightings. The trend in dolphin swimming movement was defined as a direction scored as 'coming in', 'neutral', and 'going out'. In total 338 sightings were recorded, with a total effort of 2674 hours. The relative frequency of franciscana sightings demonstrated that movement was significantly dependent on tidal state, rejecting the hypothesis that dolphin swimming directions within the study area are random. Significant associations were also observed in the relative frequency of sightings in relation to the shore-based stations, suggesting a differential use of the bay's habitats perhaps due to location of prey, tidal current speed, depth, and topography of the coast.
An Evaluation of Bera Lake (Malaysia) Sediment Contamination Using Sediment Quality Guidelines

Bera Lake is known as the first RAMSAR site and is the largest natural lake in Malaysia. Sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and Geoaccumulation index were used to evaluate Bera Lake sediment contamination. Five undisturbed cores were collected from Bera Lake sediment. Major and trace levels of elements were determined for 132 subsamples using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results marked two major groups of metallic elements bonded to the terrestrial and organic-rich sediments. Terrestrial sediments were strongly associated with accumulation of Li, Al, Pb, Cu, Cr, Na, Mg, Sr, and K during main fluxes of metals. However, a strong positive correlation was obtained between Fe, Mn, As, Zn, Cu, Ni, Ca, and Cd elements and TOC and TN. The Mn/Fe ratio revealed a long-term redox and acidic condition at Bera Lake. Geoaccumulation index for all individual metals has classified Bera Lake sediment as low to moderately polluted. However, elemental values when compared with thresholds limits of SQG indicated that Bera Lake sediments were contaminated by arsenic and iron. Results prove that deforestation during the five phases of land developments since 1972 has significantly contributed to the existence of metals fluxes into the area.
Revisiting the end of ideology claims: An emerging psychological paradigm for the study of ideology

Los sociologos y los cientificos politicos afirmaron el fin de las ideologias al final de la de la II Guerra Mundial. Sin embargo, las realidades politicas actuales y los resultados de un nuevo paradigma psicologico presentan bases solidas para retomar el estudio de ideologia. La distincion liberalismo-conser­vadurismo sigue siendo un medio valido y sencillo de organizar pensamientos, sentimientos, y conductas (para los legos y los cientificos sociales). Los estudios revelan que hay diferencias politicas y psicologicas significativas relacionadas con el autoposicion ideologica. Variables de tipo situacional ? como la amenaza y la percepcion de la muerte- y variables dis­posicionales- como abierto a la experiencia y responsabilidad- afectan al grado en que una persona se siente atraida por lideres, partidos y opiniones liberales vs. conservadores. Un analisis psicologico tambien es util para entender la division politica entre ? estados rojos? y ? los estados azules? en los Estados Unidos.
Morphological variability of Tetrastrum triangulare and T. komarekii (Chlorophyta, Chlorococcales) in clonal cultures

Variability of some diagnostic features, such as pyrenoids, syncoenobia, and type and size of coenobia of two species of the genus Tetrastrum, T. triangulare and T. komarekii, were studied in extensive and intensive cultures. Clone cultures with a specific initial coenobium for both species were used. Variability in clone cultures was traced out at three different temperatures. The influence of nutritious solutions with different concentrations was investigated by intensive cultivation. The presence of a pyrenoid is the main diacritical feature for the two species, as it was observed in all T. triangulare cells, but not in T. komarekii cells. Development of syncoenobia can be used as an additional diacritical feature. Regarding the coenobia size in our cultures, T. komarekii has shown by about 1/3 smaller size than T. triangulare.
Isolation of Stem rot Disease Causing Organism of Brinjal and their in-vitro Inhibition with Fungicides and Bio-control Agents

Different strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were isolated from the diseased samples collected from different hosts and locations. Among the 14 isolates, 12 isolates colonies covered the entire Petri plates within 96 hours but, two isolates from fababean and yellow mustard showed slow colony growth within 96 hours. All isolates produced sclerotia which were varied in number, but the fenugreek isolate produced maximum (43) number of sclerotia and lambs quarter isolate produced minimum number of sclerotia (12) on PDA medium. To examine inhibitory effect of fungicide on the mycelial growth of the pathogen, 9 fungicides were tested in vitro against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, of those carbendazim, carboxin, topsin-M and carbendazim+ mancozeb (SAAF) were found most effective and inhibited the mycelial growth of pathogen up to 100 per cent at 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% concentration. The effect of different bioagents viz., Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. atroviride, T. longibraciatum, Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosome and Penicillium notatum in inhibiting the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was studied through ―Dual Culture Technique‖. The data showed that among the eight biocontrol agent six were fond effective. The maximum inhibition was found by T. harzianum causing 70.82% inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen S. sclerotiorum.
Suprathermal Particle Populations in the Solar Wind and Corona

Understanding and predicting the transport of matter and radiation in the solar wind and terrestrial magnetosphere is one of the most challenging tasks facing space plasma scientists today. Space plasmas are hot (T > 105 K) and poor-collisional (mean free path ∼ 1 AU), and contain ample free kinetic energy of plasma particles. Kinetic effects prevail leading to wave fluctuations, which transfer the energy to small scales: wave-particle interactions replace Coulomb collisions and enhance dispersive effects heating particles and producing suprathermal (non-Maxwellian) populations.
PENGARUH KECEMASAN DAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR SISWA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN RESOURCE BASED LEARNING MATERI PRISMA DAN LIMAS KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 2 WIRADESA

Permasalahan-permasalahan dalam pembelajaran matematika di sekolah sangat banyak, diantaranya kecemasan belajar yang masih tinggi, keaktifan belajar yang masih rendah, dan kemampuan pemahaman konsep yang masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh kecemasan dan keaktifan belajar siswa terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep secara parsial dan simultan melalui model pembelajaran resource based learning pada materi prisma dan limas kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Wiradesa tahun pelajaran 2013 – 2014. Data diperoleh melalui metode pengamatan, angket dan tes. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian diperoleh (1) pengaruh kecemasan belajar siswa terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep adalah 2.89%, (2) pengaruh keaktifan belajar siswa terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep adalah 18.15%, dan (3) pengaruh kecemasan dan keaktifan belajar siswa terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep sebesar 31.7%. Berdasarkan ketiga hasil penelitian tersebut terdapat pengaruh positif atau signifikan antara kecemasan dan keaktifan belajar siswa terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep melalui model pembelajaran resource based learning materi prisma dan limas kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Wiradesa.
Altered Gamma-Band Activity as a Potential Biomarker for the Recurrence of Major Depressive Disorder

Background: The neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive reactivity, the primary vulnerability factor of major depressive disorder (MDD) recurrence, remain unclear in individuals with recovered MDD (rMDD). Because gamma-band responses (GBRs) can be used to measure cognitive processing, they may also be useful for elucidating the mechanisms underlying cognitive reactivity. Identifying these mechanisms may permit the development of an index for predicting and preempting MDD recurrence. Here, to identify the neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive reactivity, we examined the characteristics of the GBRs evoked/induced by emotional words in participants with and without rMDD after inducing a negative mood. Methods: Thirty-three healthy control participants and 18 participants with rMDD completed a lexical emotion identification task during electroencephalography along with assessments of cognitive reactivity after negative mood induction. Results: No between-group differences were identified for the task reaction times; however, the rMDD group had significantly higher cognitive reactivity scores than did the control group. Furthermore, the power of late GBRs to positive words was significantly greater in the rMDD group, with the greater power of late GBRs being related to higher cognitive reactivity. Limitations: Considering the population studied, our findings cannot be completely generalized to populations other than adolescents, people with rMDD, and those without a history of co-morbid disorders and early life stress. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the dysfunction of neural circuits related to higher-order processes like memory and attention might underlie cognitive reactivity. Altered late GBRs to positive information may be persistent biomarkers of the depression recurrence risk.
Qualitative and quantitative cytomorphological features of primary anaplastic lymphoma kinase‐positive lung cancer

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive (+) lung cancers are predictive for response to crizotinib and alectinib. There are many cases of lung cancer in which surgery cannot be performed, and such cases require diagnosis by cytological specimen or biopsy. Estimating ALK (+) lung cancer from cytomorphology would allow molecular testing to proceed without the waste of a small amount of specimen. The purpose of this study was to assess whether qualitative and quantitative cytomorphological features are sufficient for distinguishing primary ALK (+) from ALK (−) lung cancer.
Entrepreneurial leadership and its effect on the social performance of the organisation

Entrepreneurship is seen as crucial for organisations nowadays in order to remain competitive, which becomes evident in the growing literature on entrepreneurial leadership. On the other hand, organisations are evaluated on their corporate social performance both on the social (people) and environmental (planet) dimension. This exploratory research aims to answer how entrepreneurial leadership could influence the social performance of an organisation. The study is based on interviews with twenty managers from various organisations in the Netherlands. The findings of this study indicate a positive relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and social performance on the people dimension, in particular on absenteeism, employee retention and employee wellbeing. The relationship of entrepreneurial leadership on the planet dimension remains unclear as the answers did not correspond. Moreover, it is found that autonomy, pro-activeness, and taking ownership are relatively important aspects of entrepreneurial leadership in relation to the social performance. Besides, employee commitment could be a moderating variable. All findings have extensively been discussed and a conceptual model has been developed. This research contributes to existing literature as it has studied a novel field in current literature and gives recommendations for future research directions. Further, this research offers managers in organisations which strive for better social performance new approaches to achieve this.
Pose-robust recognition of low-resolution face images

Face images captured by surveillance cameras usually have poor resolution in addition to uncontrolled poses and illumination conditions, all of which adversely affect the performance of face matching algorithms. In this paper, we develop a completely automatic, novel approach for matching surveillance quality facial images to high-resolution images in frontal pose, which are often available during enrollment. The proposed approach uses multidimensional scaling to simultaneously transform the features from the poor quality probe images and the high-quality gallery images in such a manner that the distances between them approximate the distances had the probe images been captured in the same conditions as the gallery images. Tensor analysis is used for facial landmark localization in the low-resolution uncontrolled probe images for computing the features. Thorough evaluation on the Multi-PIE dataset and comparisons with state-of-the-art super-resolution and classifier-based approaches are performed to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed approach. Experiments on surveillance imagery further signify the applicability of the framework. We also show the usefulness of the proposed approach for the application of tracking and recognition in surveillance videos.
Examining the Effect of Automatic Promotion on Students' Learning Achievements in Uganda's Primary Education

This study employed a difference-in-differences analysis technique to estimate the average treatment effect ofautomatic promotion on students’ cognitive learning outcomes in Uganda’s primary education. Regression resultsindicate a positive policy effect on learning achievements in literacy and numeracy at primary three (P3) and primarysix (P6). Specifically, the implementation of automatic promotion policy has translated in to an increase in learningoutcomes in reading and mathematics at P3 and P6, all statistically significant at conventional levels. Decomposingthe effect along gender and school location (rural or urban) dimensions reveals positive and statistically significanteffect on literacy and numeracy in both grades. The effect on students’ scores in rural areas is higher than that onstudents’ in urban schools. In terms of gender, the effect is relatively similar for female students and their malecounterparts. These results are contrary to the popular belief among many Ugandans, but consistent with earlierscholarly works that have attributed automatic promotion with positive impact on learning outcomes.
Co-infection with feline retrovirus is related to changes in immunological parameters of cats with sporotrichosis

Feline sporotrichosis due to Sporothrix brasiliensis is frequently severe and often correlated to zoonotic transmission. Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) and Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) cause immunodeficiency in cats; no association has been identified with critical cases of sporotrichosis. Moreover, the cytokine profile in Sporothrix-infected cats and a potential impact of retrovirus co-infections on their immunity is unknown. This study assessed immunological parameters in cats with sporotrichosis with and without FIV or FeLV co-infection. FeLV infection was detected by antigen ELISA and by provirus PCR. FIV infection was investigated through ELISA and Western blot. Cytokine transcription (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α) was quantified using RT-qPCR and lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4, CD8, CD5 and CD21) were assessed by flow cytometry. Thirty cats with sporotrichosis were recruited to the study, including three FIV-positive and five FeLV-positive (progressive infection) cats. One cat with regressive FeLV infection was excluded from statistics. In comparison to retrovirus-negative cats, FIV-positive cats and FeLV-positive cats had higher IL-10 levels, FeLV-positive cats had lower IL-4 levels and FIV-positive cats had lower IL-12 levels and a lower CD4+/CD8+ ratio. Remarkably, all cats with poor general condition were FeLV (progressive infection) or FIV-positive, but the retrovirus status was not associated with the sporotrichosis treatment length or outcome. The immunological changes and the more severe clinical presentation observed in cats with retrovirus co-infections encourage future prospective studies that address the impact of these changes on prognostic determinants of feline sporotrichosis and the development of new therapy strategies that control disease spread.