Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oral health status and associated factors in a subpopulation of Turkish patients

Objectives: Understanding the oral health behavior and knowing oral health status of a community in order to facilitate the development of satisfactory dental public health preventive program. In this context, the purpose of this study is to investigate oral health behaviour of Turkish community who live in Usak province besides and to evaluate CPITN and DMFT index scores according to age, gender and education level. Materials and Methods: A face to face questionnaire was conducted for 2412 subjects who were divided into six age groups to understand their oral health behavior. Periodontal measurements, and dental caries were applied by three calibrated expert researchers for all teeth except the third molar. Results: Healthy periodontal tissue only existed in 153 (10.05%) individuals of 1521 dentate participants. The mean DMFT value observed was 16.98±6.62. By aging, being male and having low education level, mean DMFT and CPITN scores showed an upward trend. 10.26% of the participants informed that they did not brush their teeth and 92.55% of them stated that they did not floss their teeth. Most of the participants (83.25%) informed that they visited a dental clinic only in emergency and pain. Conclusions: The mean DMFT and CPITN scores increase in accordance with aging, low education and being male. Low flossing frequency, low prevalence of tooth brushing and low frequency of going to the dentist regularly were observed at the end of the study.
Efficacy of Esomeprazole in NSAIDs Induced Gastric Ulcer: A Meta-Analysis

Background: Gastric ulcers are painful sores with discontinuity in the entire thickness of stomach lining. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the major classes of drugs used in treatment of gastric ulcers by inhibiting H+/K+ATPase pump thus reducing acid secretion. The prototype of PPIs is omeprazole, one of its new derivatives, esomeprazole is known to have superior activity against NSAIDs induced gastric ulcer. We aimed to meta-analyzed various clinical studies on esomeprazole and tried to draw a conclusion that may suggest refined clinical efficacy.Method: Utilizing databases of FDA listed clinical trials and PubMed. We shortlisted randomized controlled trials that were only related to esomeprazole's efficacy in NSAIDs induced gastric ulcer. Additionally, comparison was also evaluated in regard to adverse events of esomeprazole. Data extraction and assessment of study validity was performed independently.Results: After critically analyzing four major important related clinical trials (n=3837), it was found that at 24 weeks, patients maintained on esomeprazole 20 mg OD (167/173) were gastric ulcer free, in comparison to placebo group (112/168). Similar results were obtained with 26 weeks treatment of esomeprazole at doses of 20 mg, 40 mg (808/818), and (798/804), respectively. While, outcome of another trial at the same dose, for the duration of 52 weeks, 125 out of 130 patients showed recovery from gastric ulcer, compared to 40/799 in placebo group. Similarly, in the other trial, patients who were given esomeprazole in combination with naproxen (500 mg), displayed positive effect in 166 out of 218 patients. Adverse events were observed only in 5/218 and 6/216, respectively.Discussion and Conclusion: Esomeprazole therapy showed efficacious results, both when it was given for the period of 24 weeks and over 50 weeks without producing serious adverse effects. Reduction in the NSAIDs induced gastric ulcer by esomeprazole was achieved effectively in chosen clinical trial, suggesting esomeprazole, a preferable choice for reducing the gastric ulcers. (Less)
Using a national dairy database to identify herds with poor welfare

This research project was carried out by the Swedish Dairy Association as part of the development of a ‘Scheme for Animal Welfare’. As a first step, on-farm, animal-based measurements on calves, young stock and cows in 55 randomly selected herds were performed. Nine animal-based measurements formed the basis for a classification of welfare at the herd level: cleanliness and body condition in calves, cows and young stock, in combination with lameness, injuries/inflammations and rising behaviour which were recorded for cows only. The threshold (gold standard) for being a case herd with poor welfare, was a score lying among the worst 10% on two or more of the nine welfare measurements. Thirteen of the 55 herds were cases fitting this criterion. As a second step, 65 potential welfare indicators from seven different focus areas in a pre-collected data register were identified by expert opinion. In the final step, the extent to which suggested potential welfare indicators predicted farms’ risk of having poor welfare according to the definition was assessed. The final set of welfare indicators, taken from the national dairy database, included two fertility measures and calf mortality, and it correctly classified 77% of the herds, with a sensitivity of 0.62. The inclusion of cow and young stock mortality led to it correctly classifying 76% of the herds with a sensitivity of 0.77. We propose that this approach could be useful in helping to allocate advisory services to farms at risk of poor welfare.
Investigating the origin of the American Mink (Neovison vison) in Poland, including a study on mink mitochondrial DNA from farm, feral and wild North American populations

The American mink (Neovison vison), native to North America, is a controversial invasive species in many European countries, including Poland. Mitochondrial DNA data (concatenated MT-CYTB and MT-COI sequences) were used to investigate the genetic diversity of native, introduced, and ranch populations of this species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two major clades including individuals from the ranch, feral, and wild populations. This supports the theory of occurrence of two mitochondrial lineages in the native range of American mink assigned to eastern and western part of North America. The genetic structure in the invasive range was probably the result of the diverse origins of the released specimens and the rapid expansion and encounters of the introduced populations. Spatial mixing of both North American lineages in Polish feral populations may lead to higher levels of genetic diversity in introduced populations, despite some evidence of a founder effect as one of the main factors influencing their diversity.
Re-Ranking auf Basis von Bradfordizing für die verteilte Suche in digitalen Bibliotheken

8 Widmung . 9 Danksagung . 10 1 Einleitung.11 1.1 Thematische Einordnung. 12 1.2 Motivation und Ziele . 13 1.3 Forschungsfragen . 14 1.4 Aufbau der Arbeit . 15 2 Bibliographische Datenbanken, Portale und Suchmaschinen. 17 2.1 Ausgangssituation . 19 2.2 Allgemeinsuche versus Fachzugang. 20 2.2.1 Analytische Literaturauswertung . 21 2.2.2 Fazit. 27 2.3 Informationstypen . 27 2.3. 1 Literatur. 27 2.3. 2 Internetquellen. 28 2.3. 3 Primärinformation . 29 2.3. 4 Fazit. 29 2.4 Informationsangebote . 29 2.4. 1 Fachdatenbanken & Bibliographien. 30 2.4. 2 OPACs. 31 2.4. 3 Sammlung von Internetquellen . 31 2.4. 4 Dokumentenserver . 32 2.4. 5 Digitalisate . 33 2.5 Informationsanbieter. 33 2.5. 1 Bibliotheken . 33 2.5. 2 Fachinformationsanbieter. 34 2.5. 3 Kommerzielle Anbieter . 34 2.5. 4 Fachinformation im Internet. 34
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of adolescent school girls regarding prevention of iron deficiency anaemia

Background: Anaemia is very prevalent in adolescent girls, especially in developing countries like India. Treatment of anaemia based on the cause during adolescence decreases morbidity and mortality during early pregnancy. Despite weekly iron and folic acid supplementation programmes, the prevalence of anaemia among women and adolescent girls is still high. The objective of the study was to assess the proportion of anaemia and its determinants among adolescent school girls.Methods: An observational study was conducted in adolescent school girls of Chandragiri from January to March, 2018. Demographic data, knowledge and practices of personal hygiene were collected. Nutritional status was assessed by collecting anthropometric, body composition measurements, dietary habits and haemoglobin was estimated.Results: Of the 111 girls studied, 55.9% were found to be anaemic. Knowledge and practices of personal hygiene was lower in anaemic girls compared to non-anaemic girls. The extent of deficit of iron rich food consumption was low in both anaemic and non-anaemic girls.Conclusions: Prevalence of mild anaemia was high and iron rich foods intake was low in our study subjects. Assessment of burden of anaemia among adolescent girls is essential to address gaps in implementation of public health programs and effective intervention programs can be designed to reduce the burden of anaemia.
Prevalence and aetiology of neck masses among patients receiving surgical services at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania

Background: Neck masses are found in all age groups from many causes, ranging from congenital to acquired pathology. There is paucity of data on neck masses in Tanzania and at Muhimbili National Hospital, prevalence of neck masses is not yet known. The aim of this study was thus to address this gap. Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study was done from July to December 2016 involving patients who were admitted in surgical wards. Structured questionnaires were filled after thorough head and neck evaluation of patients. Data analys isby SPSS version 20 and p-value<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of neck masses was found to be 14.1% and proportion of neck masses was found to increase as the age increase. Anterior triangle was the commonest anatomical site (53.8%). Most of the neck masses (65.7%) were malignant and the age group most involved was >60 years (P-value 0.000). Among the malignant neck masses squamous cell carcinoma was the leading variant (54.1%) and most of themalignant neck masses were metastatic nodes from primary cancers in the upper aerodigestive tract (67.21%). Conclusion: This study has unveiled neck masses at MNH to be prevalent and the proportion of neck masses increase age increase. Anterior triangle was the leading anatomical site. Most of the neck masses were malignant and majority of them were metastatic nodes from upper aerodigestive tract. Any neck mass especially in adults needs thorough evaluation including upper aerodigestive assessment to rule out the possibility of malignancy.
Herbicide Combinations in Irrigated Cotton

Combinations of herbicides as single or separate applications to the soil were compared in furrow-irrigated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). In seven tests, preplanting applications of four herbicides, primarily effective for grass control, were combined with postemergence applications of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-l,l-dimethylurea (diuron). Preplanting applications of 4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline (nitralin) and α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin) before furrowing retarded growth of cotton and sometimes reduced stands. Herbicides applied after furrowing did not appear to affect cotton development. Combinations of the four herbicides with diuron gave satisfactory control of annual weeds until harvest. In 15 tests, preplanting applications of O,O-diisopropyl phosphorodithioate S-ester with N-(2-mercaptoethyl) benzenesulfonamide (bensulide) were combined with preplanting or postemergence applications of four herbicides primarily effective for control of broadleaf weeds. Preplanting applications of 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-l,l-dimethylurea (monuron) usually caused temporary chlorosis and stunting of cotton seedlings. Postemergence applications of monuron and 2,4-bis(isopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-s-triazine (prometryne) sometimes caused temporary chlorosis of cotton foliage. Combinations of herbicides controlled weeds until harvest in 14 of the 15 tests. There was no difference among the herbicide combinations in yield of cotton in 21 of the 22 tests. In the 15 tests sampled there were no differences in fiber properties and boll components among herbicide combinations.
Differential Activity of Three Diphenyl Ether Herbicides

The tolerance of four legume species to nitrofen (2,4-dichloro-phenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether), fluorodifen (p-nitrophenyl α,α,α-trifluoro-2-nitro-p-tolyl ether), and oxyfluorofen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitro-phenoxy)-4-(trifluoro-methyl)benzene] was investigated both pre- and postemergence in the greenhouse. Seedlings of species that emerged most rapidly seemed to be most tolerant to preemergence herbicide applications. There was no direct relationship between preemergence and postemergence tolerance. Oxyfluorfen was found to be at least 10 times as active as the other two herbicides both pre- and postemergence. Field experiments were conducted at two locations in Indiana to test the effect of method of application on the activity and selectivity of fluorodifen and oxyfluorfen on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Wayne’] and greenbean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ‘Spartan Arrow’). Crop injury and grass weed control were reduced by incorporation of the herbicides 8 cm deep in a silt loam. Method of application did not affect the activity of the herbicides on a sandy soil low in organic matter. Soybean was more tolerant than greenbean to both herbicides when applied preemergence but oxyfluorfen was far more active than fluorodifen on both crops.
Perceptions About Overweight And Obesity Among College Students: Application Of The Health Belief Model

Rates of overweight/obesity among U.S. college students are increasing. This cross-sectional survey study assessed the perceived weight status and weight-related beliefs of 560 undergraduate and graduate students (399 females, 71.8% and 158 males, 28.4%) attending Appalachian State University in Boone, North Carolina during the 2015-2016 academic year. The Health Belief Model (HBM) was used as the framework for data analysis. Surveys were administered using Qualtrics survey software. Items assessed perceived body weight, perceived susceptibility and severity of becoming overweight/obese, and perceived barriers, benefits, and cues to action to adopting healthy eating and physical activity habits. The results of this study suggested that 196 students (22.7%) perceived themselves as overweight, while 27 students (3.1%) perceived themselves as obese. The students' mean score on the perceived severity scale was 3.8 points (± 0.8) out of a possible five points, while their mean score on the perceived susceptibility scale was 3.5 points (± 0.9). Barriers from the practical concerns subscale received the greatest number of 4 and 5 ratings, indicating that these were perceived as stronger obstacles for adopting healthy eating and physical activity habits. Benefits from the emotional/mental health subscale received the greatest number of 4 and 5 ratings, indicating that they were perceived as more desirable outcomes from adopting healthy habits. Nutrition education interventions for college students should assist with managing emotional/mental health problems, emphasize the benefits of practicing healthy eating and physical activity habits for long-term health promotion, and teach skill-building for overcoming perceived barriers to adopting healthy dietary and physical activity behaviors.
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycemic Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Vitamin D endocrine system is a potential immune system modulator and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases including type 1 diabetes mellitus. A relationship between type 1 diabetes and vitamin D deficiency has been reported, in which low vitamin D levels are shown to have a negative effect on beta-cell function. The aims of the study were to investigate vitamin D status and to evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes. Method: A randomized clinical trial including 80 children who were newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and randomly assigned into either control or intervention arm was used. Vitamin D status and Glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) were assessed initially for both the study two arms. Diabetic children of the intervention arm who had vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were treated with 4000 units of vitamin D3 and calcium (500 mg/day) in oral liquid form. After the study interference (3 months later), HbA1C was measured again for both arms as an indicator for glycemic control. Differences in mean±SD HbA1C and body mass index were assessed before and after the study. Results: The mean of body mass index in intervention arm was 14.77±3.49, while in control arm was 17.84±3.87, with statistically significant deference between two arms P<. 001. Furthermore, the mean change in HbA1c levels in intervention arm was 6.78±1.94 compared with 7.03±1.83 in control arm, with no statistically significant deference detected between children of the study two arms P<. 460. Conclusion: Vitamin D3 supplement on the clinical base improves glycemic control in pediatrics with type I diabetes mellitus and vitamin D deficiency.
SAVANNAH: A Phase II trial of osimertinib plus savolitinib for patients (pts) with EGFR-mutant, MET-driven (MET+), locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), following disease progression on osimertinib.

TPS9119 Background: The toxicity profile of the third-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) osimertinib makes it an attractive backbone for combination with other targeted agents, possibly overcoming acquired resistance mechanisms. Combination with a MET-inhibitor is an intuitive approach as MET-amplification was identified as the most common mechanism of resistance to osimertinib in preliminary ctDNA data from the Phase III FLAURA (15% of pts) and AURA3 (19% of pts) studies. Savolitinib (AZD6094, HMPL-504, volitinib) is an oral, potent and highly selective MET-TKI that had an acceptable safety profile when combined with osimertinib in the Phase Ib TATTON study, providing the basis for this Phase II SAVANNAH study (NCT03778229). Other mechanisms of acquired resistance to osimertinib, including secondary EGFR mutations (e.g. C797S), RAS/RAF activation, and oncogenic gene fusions, provide additional opportunities for developing osimertinib-based combinations. Methods: Eligible pts will have histologically/cytologically confirmed EGFR-mutant NSCLC, and MET+ disease by central FISH, central IHC, or local NGS (retrospectively confirmed by central FISH/IHC). Pts must have documented radiological progression following 1–3 lines of prior therapy (must include osimertinib). Pts will receive osimertinib 80 mg plus weight-based dosing with savolitinib 300 or 600 mg PO QD, in 28-day cycles. The primary objective is efficacy (RECIST 1.1) by overall response rate (ORR) in pts who are MET+ by central FISH. Secondary endpoints include: ORR ( MET+ by central IHC and all pts); progression-free survival, overall survival, duration of response, percent change in tumor size, HRQoL, and EGFR mutation ctDNA clearance ( MET+ by central FISH, central IHC, and all pts); safety, and pharmacokinetics (all pts). Based on the TATTON study, we anticipate enrolling ~172 MET+ pts to include ≥117 pts with MET+ disease by central FISH. Enrolment began in Q1 2019. Ongoing development of complementary trials targeting other osimertinib resistance mechanisms will also be discussed. Clinical trial information: NCT03778229.
Fracture de l’odontoïde du sujet âgé : une fracture sévère survenant majoritairement chez les sujets ostéoporotiques : étude pilote prospective

Introduction Les fractures du rachis cervical sont exclues de la definition OMS de l’osteoporose. Un lien entre fractures de l’odontoide a faible energie et osteoporose rachidienne a ete rapporte. La recherche d’osteoporose selon les criteres standards (absorptiometrie biphotonique a rayons X) n’a jamais ete realisee. L’objectif de l’etude est de decrire le statut osseux des sujets âges ayant une fracture de l’odontoide a faible energie. Materiels et methodes Etude prospective entre janvier 2016 et avril 2017 sur les patients hospitalises au CHU de Nice pour une fracture de l’odontoide suite a un traumatisme de faible energie. Evaluation du statut osseux dans les 3 mois suivant la fracture, incluant : donnees demographiques, facteurs de risques d’osteoporose, densite minerale osseuse (DMO), morphometrie vertebrale (VFA), bilan biologique (osteoporose secondaire). L’osteoporose etait definie par un T-score ≤ -2.5 sur au moins un des deux sites (rachidien ou femoral) ou un antecedent de fracture par fragilite osseuse associe a un T-score ≤ -1 sur un des sites mesures. Resultats 30 patients hospitalises pour fracture de l’odontoide a faible energie : 20 femmes, 10 hommes, âge moyen 85 ± 10.9 ans. 18 patients non evalues: 8 decedes, 6 perdus de vue et 4 refus. 12 patients evalues : 11 femmes, 1 homme âge moyen 83.8± 8.4 ans. 10/12 patients repondaient aux criteres d’osteoporose, dont 8 fracturaires (6 fractures severes). 8 repondaient aux criteres de traitement de l’osteoporose, seulement 2 etaient traites. Duree moyenne de suivi : 12.2 mois. Initialement 12 patients etaient autonomes a domicile, 6 sont sortis en SSR. A 12 mois, 9 patients evalues : 2 deces et 7 au domicile. Discussion Premiere etude a decrire le statut osseux global de ces patients selon les standards de l’evaluation de l’osteoporose. Ces resultats encouragent a rechercher une osteoporose chez les sujets > 65 ans ayant une fracture de l’odontoide. Conclusion La fracture de l’odontoide du sujet âge survient dans la majorite des cas chez des sujets osteoporotiques et pourrait etre consideree comme une nouvelle fracture osteoporotique severe.
Liver abscess: study of etiological factors and different treatment modalities and their clinical implications

Background: Hepatic abscess (HA) can be defined as an encapsulated collection of suppurative material within the liver parenchyma, which may be infected by bacterial, fungal, and/or parasitic micro-organisms. The development of new radiologic techniques, the improvement in microbiologic identification, and the advancement of drainage techniques, as well as improved supportive care, have reduced mortality to 5-30%. The study is undertaken to study the etiology and the impact of the modern methods of treatment on the morbidity and mortality on the different types of liver abscess.Methods: This study was a Prospective Study conducted from July 2016 to September 2018. Participation in the study was purely voluntary.Results: Majority of the patients (29%) were in the age group of 31-40 years with a male preponderance (91%). Diabetes mellitus was a common comorbidity in study subjects. Alcohol consumption was found as a significant risk factor in the development of liver abscess. Sixty eight (68%) patients underwent percutaneous needle aspiration and 27 (27%) patients were managed conservatively. Five (5%) patients required surgical intervention. Four (4%) patients died while 97 (97%) patients survived; 3 (3%) patients had undergone surgery while 1 (1%) patient was percutaneously drained.Conclusions: The most common age group affected by liver abscess was third and fifth decade of life . Males are more commonly affected than females. In case of larger (>5 cm) or 150 ml, Ultrasound guided percutaneous pigtail catheter drainage is a superior therapeutic approach than percutaneous needle aspiration. Surgical intervention is reserved for unresponsive cases.