Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ARE EMOTIONS A KIND OF PRACTICE (AND IS THAT WHAT MAKES THEM HAVE A HISTORY)? A BOURDIEUIAN APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING EMOTION

The term “emotional practices” is gaining currency in the historical study of emotions. This essay discusses the theoretical and methodological implications of this concept. A definition of emotion informed by practice theory promises to bridge persistent dichotomies with which historians of emotion grapple, such as body and mind, structure and agency, as well as expression and experience. Practice theory emphasizes the importance of habituation and social context and is thus consistent with, and could enrich, psychological models of situated, distributed, and embodied cognition and their approaches to the study of emotion. It is suggested here that practices not only generate emotions, but that emotions themselves can be viewed as a practical engagement with the world. Conceiving of emotions as practices means understanding them as emerging from bodily dispositions conditioned by a social context, which always has cultural and historical specificity. Emotion-as-practice is bound up with and dependent on “emotional practices,” defined here as practices involving the self (as body and mind), language, material artifacts, the environment, and other people. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu's concept of habitus, the essay emphasizes that the body is not a static, timeless, universal foundation that produces ahistorical emotional arousal, but is itself socially situated, adaptive, trained, plastic, and thus historical. Four kinds of emotional practices that make use of the capacities of a body trained by specific social settings and power relations are sketched out—mobilizing, naming, communicating, and regulating emotion—as are consequences for method in historical research.
A Literature Study on Privacy Patterns Research

Context: Facing the implementation of the EU General Data Protection Regulation in May 2018, many commercial software providers will soon need to adapt their products to new privacy-related constraints. Privacy patterns defined for different aspects of the software engineering process promise to be a useful concept for this task. In this situation, it seems valuable to characterize the state of the research related to privacy patterns.Objective: To identify, characterize and classify the contributions made by published research results related to patterns in the context of considering privacy concerns in engineering software. Method: A literature review in form of a mapping study of scientific articles was performed. The resulting map structures the relevant body of work into multiple dimensions, illustrating research focuses and gaps.Results: Results show that empirical evidence in this field is scarce and that holistic approaches to engineering privacy into software based on patterns are lacking. This potentially hinders industrial adoption.Conclusion: Based on these results, we recommend to empirically validate existing privacy patterns, to consolidate them in pattern catalogues and languages, and to move towards seamless approaches from engineering privacy requirements to implementation.
Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradicated therapy on water gastric emptying in patients with active duodenal ulcer

Background and Aims: It remains debatable if duodenal ulcer (DU) or Helicobacter pylori infection has a definite impact on human gastric emptying (GE). We explored the nature of water GE in active DU patients before and after ulcer healing and the influence of H. pylori eradication on GE.
Ultrasonographic assessment of common carotid artery atherosclerosis in patients of rheumatoid arthritis.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (R.A.) have a marked increase in Carotid Atherosclerosis independent of traditional risk factors like family history of myocardial infarction in first degree male relatives younger than 55 years of age or first degree female relatives younger than 65 years of age, smoking, hypertension (Defined as blood pressure of 140/90 mm hg or higher), diabetes mellitus and fasting serum cholesterol levels including age. Chronic inflammation and possibly disease severity and duration are atherogenic in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients. Preclinical disease may also be identified by using ultrasonography to determine carotid intimal-media thickness, an indirect measure of atherosclerosis. The common carotid artery Intima media thickness in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients is positively associated with disease duration, Early Rheumatoid Arthritis (Duration less or = 1 year) is associated with lesser Intima media thickness than was Rheumatoid Arthritis of longer duration. Increased carotid artery Intima media thickness and the presence of carotid plaque are associated with markers of systemic inflammation in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and in healthy subjects. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: To determine preclinical atherosclerosis occurring prematurely in patients of Rheumatoid Arthritis by ultrasonograhic measurement Common Carotid Artery Intima media thickness and to evaluate the risk factors associated with arterial intima media thickness in patient of Rheumatoid Arthritis. RESULTS: In RA patients, common carotid artery IMT was significantly higher when compared to healthy controls (0.65 ± 0.06 v/s 0.57 ± 0.049) and was significantly associated with the duration of RA, swollen joint count and erosive changes on hand x-ray independently of other confounding variables. CONCLUSION: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have a marked increase in carotid atherosclerosis independent of traditional risk factors, including age. Carotid ultrasonography is a simple and inexpensive way of identifying preclinical atherosclerosis in this highly vulnerable population. In addition to prospective management of traditional risk factors, there is a need for aggressive control of rheumatoid arthritis disease activity because chronic inflammation is a driving force for premature atherosclerosis.
The Geriatric Floating Interdisciplinary Transition Team

Older adults often receive suboptimal care during hospitalizations and transitions to postacute settings. Inpatient geriatric services have been shown to increase care quality but have not improved patient outcomes consistently. Acute Care for the Elderly units improve patient outcomes but are resource intensive. Transitional care has been shown to reduce hospital readmissions and healthcare costs. This article describes the Geriatric Floating Interdisciplinary Transition Team (Geri‐FITT), a model that combines the strengths of inpatient geriatric evaluation and comanagement and transitional care models by creating an inpatient comanagement service that also delivers transitional care. The Geri‐FITT model is designed to improve the hospital care of older adults and their transitions to postacute settings. In Geri‐FITT, a geriatrician–geriatric nurse practitioner team assesses patients, comanages geriatric syndromes, provides staff education, encourages patient self‐management, communicates with primary care providers, and follows up with patients soon after discharge.
An optimal periodic scheduler for dual-arm robots in cluster tools with residency constraints

Discusses a scheduling technique, for cluster tools, that addresses postprocessing residency constraints and throughput requirements. The residency constraints impose a limit on the postprocessing time that a material unit spends in a processing module. The technique searches in the time and resource domains for a feasible schedule with a maximum throughput. It operates in two main phases; the initial one of which (and the lower complexity one) computes a simple periodic schedule. For a large number of problem instances, the simple periodic schedule feasibly solves the problem. If a feasible schedule cannot be found in the first phase, the scheduler enters phase two (the higher complexity one) to compute a feasible schedule. During this phase, the scheduler incrementally increases the period only if necessary, to keep the throughput at a maximum. Several heuristics are designed and added to reduce the complexity of the scheduling algorithm. The resulting schedules are deadlock free, since resources are scheduled according to the times that they are available. Analytical and experimental analyses demonstrate the correctness and efficiency of our proposed technique.
Quality of life in men with involuntary childlessness: long‐term follow‐up

We conducted a longitudinal cohort study on the quality of life of infertile male patients measured at baseline and after 5 years with a specific quality of life instrument for male patients who are involuntarily childless. It was distributed to patients who were seen at the andrology and gynaecology clinics for infertility diagnoses and treatment. At baseline (T1), 275 patients took part in the study. A subset of these patients (N = 133) had released two semen samples, and the results of the semen analysis had been communicated to them before they received the questionnaire. Semen quality of this subset was assessed according to WHO recommendations. After 5 years (T2), the questionnaires were mailed again and were sent back by N = 101 patients. No significant quality of life difference was found between the semen quality groups. After 5 years, an improvement was found for the dimensions ‘desire for a child’ [mean score 1.92 (T1) versus 1.72 (T2)] and ‘gender identity’ [mean score 1.56 (T1) versus 1.42 (T2)] while no change was found for ‘partnership’ and ‘psychological well‐being’. We did not find significant differences between patients who had fathered a child in the meantime and patients who did not become fathers.
Common types of mental disorders in adult cancer patients seen at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre.

BACKGROUND Mental disorders such as depression, anxiety and adjustment disorders occur in a significant number of cancer patients, particularly as disease advances and as cancer therapies become more aggressive. METHODS 365 newly diagnosed adult cancer patients were interviewed by clinical psychologist and data was collected regarding patients' age, gender, education, home atmosphere, family support system and type of cancer. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Structured Clinical Interview according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual fourth version (SCID-IV) were used to record the presence and absence of type of a mental disorder. Data thus collected was analyzed by utilizing SPSS for Windows version 10.0. RESULTS Adjustment disorders was the most common type of mental disorders seen in 20.8%; depression in 17.8% and anxiety in 16.8%. A statistically significant association between types of mental disorders and patients' age, gender, education, home atmosphere and family support system was observed. CONCLUSION A significant number of cancer patients suffer from one or other type of mental disorder. They need special attention of healthcare professionals for proper psychological assessment and management.
Regional treatment of metastasis: role of radiosurgery in brain metastases--gamma knife radiosurgery.

According to the literature, brain metastases are currently considered to be the most frequent intracranial tumors and one of the most common causes of death in cancer patients [1–7]. Regardless of discrepancies between clinical and autopsy reports (19% to 53%), the increasing incidence of brain metastases in cancer patients is well documented, probably due to improved diagnostic and therapeutic tools resulting in longer survival rates [1–9]. Despite advances in combined treatments of these lesions, the outlook is still poor, mainly because of their disabling symptomatology and the significant risk of neurological death. The spectrum of therapeutic options has been widely debated. However, prospective randomized studies are still rare [10–14], as are stratification studies [15–17]. Results with conventional, multidisciplinary treatments have usually been disappointing, with average survivals of 5–8 weeks with pharmacological palliation regimens [1–8], 4–7 months after whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) [4–6, 8, 9, 18], and 9–19 months only in selected groups of patients treated with combined surgery and radiotherapy [9, 12, 13, 19–21]. To date, WBRT is considered standard treatment in patients with multifocal cerebral lesions and/or compromised clinical status [6, 8, 9, 14, 22]. Moreover, it is potentially indicated as a salvage treatment at the time of relapse [5, 6, 8, 9, 14]. Microsurgery, associated with WBRT or large field radiotherapy, has historically provided the best results in welldefined cohorts of high-performance patients with surgically accessible brain metastases [6, 12, 13, 19–21, 23, 24]. Present indications to this approach include an adequate life expectancy; solitary-to-single lesions characterized by significant mass effect with neurological deterioration and/or high tumor volume (>15 cm) [6, 8, 12, 14, 22–25]. This seems particularly true for radio-resistant oncotypes.
Reading in the Dark: Effects of Age and Contrast on Reading Speed and Comprehension

Objective: To explore the effects of contrast reduction on younger and older adults' reading behavior and to examine whether readers rely on word predictability to compensate for poor contrast. Background: Poor contrast can degrade text and may influence reading behavior. Readers may compensate for visual degradation of text by taking advantage of word predictability. Method: In Experiment 1, 5 younger and 5 older adults read sentences presented with 10 levels of contrast. In Experiment 2, 40 younger and 40 older adults read high-, medium-, and low-contrast sentences that varied in target word predictability (high vs. low). Results: Relative to those of younger adults, older adults' reading rates were more slowed by low contrast; comprehension was less influenced by contrast (i.e., not significantly). Older adults read high-predictability words faster and comprehended them better than low-predictability words, significantly so for high- and medium-contrast sentences. Younger adults comprehended high-predictability words significantly better than low-predictability words for high- and low-contrast sentences. Conclusion: Low contrast was more detrimental for older adults. High-predictability words benefited older adults by significantly reducing their reading times and benefited all readers by significantly increasing their comprehension. Application: The current findings demonstrate the benefit of adequate contrast and word predictability for optimal text design to facilitate both reading times and reading comprehension.
Protein Patterns of Growing and Starved Cells of a Marine Vibrio sp

Fingerprint protein patterns were produced by two-dimensional polyacrylamide electrophoresis on lysed cells of a Vibrio sp. , Ant-300, which were prepared from growing and starved cultures. The cells were labeled with [35S]methionine during growth and subsequently starved for up to 30 days. Samples were taken at selected time points representing stages in the starvation-survival process. Unlabeled starved cells were allowed to recover in the presence of [35S]methionine to determine protein changes associated with the recovery from starvation. All growth conditions produced similar protein fingerprints; however, some protein spots disappeared, whereas others were seen only during starvation. Images
The relationships between IFNL4 genotype, intrahepatic interferon‐stimulated gene expression and interferon treatment response differs in HCV‐1 compared with HCV‐3

The biological mechanism underlying the association between IFNL4/IFNL3 polymorphism and peginterferon/ribavirin (PR) response in HCV‐1 is thought to involve differential intrahepatic interferon‐stimulated gene expression. HCV‐3 is more sensitive to PR, but there are no studies of the association between IFNL4 polymorphism, PR treatment response and liver interferon‐stimulated gene expression in HCV‐3.
LIFE CYCLES SHAPE PARASITE EVOLUTION: COMPARATIVE POPULATION GENETICS OF SALMON TREMATODES

Abstract Little is known about what controls effective sizes and migration rates among parasite populations. Such data are important given the medical, veterinary, and economic (e.g., fisheries) impacts of many parasites. The autogenic-allogenic hypothesis, which describes ecological patterns of parasite distribution, provided the foundation on which we studied the effects of life cycles on the distribution of genetic variation within and among parasite populations. The hypothesis states that parasites cycling only in freshwater hosts (autogenic life cycle) will be more limited in their dispersal ability among aquatic habitats than parasites cycling through freshwater and terrestrial hosts (allogenic life cycle). By extending this hypothesis to the level of intraspecific genetic variation, we examined the effects of host dispersal on parasite gene flow. Our a priori prediction was that for a given geographic range, autogenic parasites would have lower gene flow among subpopulations. We compared intraspecific mitochondrial DNA variation for three described species of trematodes that infect salmonid fishes. As predicted, autogenic species had much more highly structured populations and much lower gene flow among subpopulations than an allogenic species sampled from the same locations. In addition, a cryptic species was identified for one of the autogenic trematodes. These results show how variation in life cycles can shape parasite evolution by predisposing them to vastly different genetic structures. Thus, we propose that knowledge of parasite life cycles will help predict important evolutionary processes such as speciation, coevolution, and the spread of drug resistance.
HRM and Performance: Achievements and Challenges

Preface vii Editor biographies ix Author biographies xii Chapter 1 HRM and Performance: What Do We Know and Where Should We Go? 1 Jaap Paauwe, Patrick Wright and David Guest Chapter 2 HRM, Well-Being and Performance: A Theoretical and Empirical Review 15 Riccardo Peccei, Karina van de Voorde and Marc van Veldhoven Chapter 3 Building Highly-performing Work Systems: Analysing HR Systems and Their Contribution to Performance 47 Peter Boxall Chapter 4 Reconceptualizing Fit in Strategic Human Resource Management: Lost in Translation? 61 Jaap Paauwe, Corine Boon, Paul Boselie and Deanne den Hartog Chapter 5 HRM and Performance: The Role of Effective Implementation 79 David Guest and Anna Bos-Nehles Chapter 6 Strategic HRM and Organizational Behaviour: Integrating Multiple Levels of Analysis 97 Patrick Wright and Lisa Nishii Chapter 7 Measuring Human Capital: A Strategic Human Resource Management Perspective 111 Gary C. McMahan and Christopher M. Harris Chapter 8 Measurement of Human Resource Practices: Issues Regarding Scale, Scope, Source and Substantive Content 129 Angela Langevin-Heavey, Susanne Beijer, Jessica Federman, Michel Hermans, Felice Klein, Elizabeth McClean and Brian Martinson Chapter 9 Research on Human Resources and Effectiveness: Some Methodological Challenges 149 Barry Gerhart Chapter 10 Progress and Prospects for HRM Performance Research in Small and Medium-sized Business 173 Sophie de Winne and Luc Sels Chapter 11 Progress and Prospects 197 David Guest, Patrick Wright and Jaap Paauwe References 207 Index 239
The Rap GTPases Regulate Integrin-mediated Adhesion, Cell Spreading, Actin Polymerization, and Pyk2 Tyrosine Phosphorylation in B Lymphocytes*

Integrin-mediated adhesion plays an important role in B cell development and activation. Signaling initiated by antigens, chemokines, or phorbol esters can rapidly convert integrins to an activated adhesion-competent state. The binding of integrins to their ligands can then induce actin-dependent cell spreading, which can facilitate cell-cell adhesion or cell migration on extracellular matrices. The signaling pathways involved in integrin activation and post-adhesion events in B cells are not completely understood. We have previously shown that anti-Ig antibodies, the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1; CXCL12), and phorbol esters activate the Rap1 and Rap2 GTPases in B cells and that Rap activation is essential for SDF-1-induced B cell migration (McLeod, S. J., Li, A. H. Y., Lee, R. L., Burgess, A. E., and Gold, M. R. (2002) J. Immunol. 169, 1365–1371; Christian, S. L. , Lee, R. L. , McLeod, S. J., Burgess, A. E. , Li, A. H. Y. , Dang-Lawson, M. , Lin, K. B. L. , and Gold, M. R. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278, 41756–41767). We show here that preventing Rap activation by expressing Rap-specific GTPase-activating protein II (RapGAPII) significantly decreased lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1- and α4 integrin-dependent binding of murine B cell lines to purified adhesion molecules and to other cells. Conversely, augmenting Rap activation by expressing a constitutively active form of Rap2 enhanced B cell adhesion, showing for the first time that Rap2 can promote integrin activation. We also show that blocking Rap activation inhibited anti-Ig-induced cell spreading and phorbol ester-induced actin polymerization as well as anti-Ig- and SDF-1-induced phosphorylation of Pyk2, a tyrosine kinase involved in morphological changes and chemokine-induced B cell migration. Thus, the Rap GTPases regulate integrin-mediated B cell adhesion as well as processes that control B cell morphology and migration.
Learning Visual Sentiment Distributions via Augmented Conditional Probability Neural Network

Visual sentiment analysis is raising more and more attention with the increasing tendency to express emotions through images. While most existing works assign a single dominant emotion to each image, we address the sentiment ambiguity by label distribution learning (LDL), which is motivated by the fact that image usually evokes multiple emotions. Two new algorithms are developed based on conditional probability neural network (CPNN). First, we proposed BCPNN which encodes image label into a binary representation to replace the signless integers used in CPNN, and employ it as a part of input for the neural network. Then, we train our ACPNN model by adding noises to ground truth label and augmenting affective distributions. Since current datasets are mostly annotated for single-label learning, we build two new datasets, one of which is relabeled on the popular Flickr dataset and the other is collected from Twitter. These datasets contain 20,745 images with multiple affective labels, which are over ten times larger than the existing ones. Experimental results show that the proposed methods outperform the state-of-the-art works on our large-scale datasets and other publicly available benchmarks.
Prenuclear rises in Northern and Southern German

We investigated the effect of dialectal background on tonal alignment in LH rising pitch accents in two varieti es of German: those spoken in Dusseldorf and Vienna. We confirm the findings of Atterer & Ladd (2004, [1]) that L a nd H tones in prenuclear rises are aligned later in Southern t han in Northern German varieties, and, more specifically, that both L and H tones in Viennese rises were considerably lat er than L and H in any of the other varieties. Mean alignment values for both tones in these two varieties can be located on a continuum comprising the values for all four variet ies.
From Trauma to Resiliency: Lessons from Former Runaway and Homeless Youth

This exploratory study presents findings on resiliency development in five former runaway and homeless youth. Subjected to chronic trauma, this unique population lacked the protective factors other studies have associated with resiliency development. Five young women were compared and contrasted in relation to the following questions: what factors promote resiliency in runaway and homeless youth and how are resilient youth differentiated from their peers who continue to exhibit high risk behaviours? A multiple case study design was used to explore themes that emerged from in-depth interviews with an original sample of 22 former runaway and homeless youth. These themes included determination, meaning and purpose in life, self-care and readiness to accept help.