Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Common mental disorder including psychotic experiences: Trailblazing a new recovery pathway within the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies programme in England

Psychotic experiences, depressive and anxiety symptoms may be manifestations of a latent continuum of common mental distress. The Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme has increased the reach of psychological treatments to people with common mental disorders in England. However, psychotic experiences are neither measured nor considered in therapy. We aimed to confirm the presence of psychotic experiences among IAPT service‐users and determine whether these experiences are associated with higher depression/anxiety levels and poorer recovery. All service‐users that attended the Fenland and Peterborough IAPT teams in Cambridgeshire between November 16, 2015 and January 29, 2016 participated in a service evaluation. In addition to routine mesures, such as the Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 questionnaire (GAD‐7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9), we introduced a shortened version of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE‐P15) to measure psychotic experiences. Classes of individuals were identified with latent class analysis. Associations were reported using Pearson correlation coefficient. One hundred and seventy‐three services‐users were included, mostly females (N = 133; 76.9%). The mean age was 36.6 (SD = 13.3). Around 30% likely belonged to a class with psychotic experiences. CAPE‐P15 frequency was significantly correlated to PHQ‐9 (r = 0.44; P < .001) and GAD‐7 (r = 0.32; P < .001). Similarly, CAPE‐P15 distress and both PHQ‐9 (r = 0.43; P < .001) and GAD‐7 (r = 0.38; P < .001) were highly correlated. These associations were replicated after the initial period of the therapy, indicating poor recovery. Some IAPT service‐users suffer psychotic experiences. Tailoring available evidence‐based psychological therapies for these people in IAPT settings might trailblaze a new care pathway to improve recovery in this group.
Technical and Vocational Education in Nigeria: Issues, Challenges and a Way Forward

Technical education, as enshrined in the Nigerian national policy on education, is concerned with qualitative technological human resources development directed towards a national pool of skilled and self reliant craftsmen, technicians and technologists in technical and vocational education fields. In Nigeria, the training of technical personnel has witnessed many challenges ranging from policies which have no beaming with our problems, curriculum that has little or no relationship with workplace and social needs, embezzlement of fund meant for education development purposes, lack of teacher motivation, inadequate facilities, inadequate funding, brain drain, poor staff training , bribery and corruption. This paper intends to critically examine some of the issues, challenges and way forward of technical, vocational education and training(TVET) in Nigeria and to suggest ways of improving the teaching and learning of technical and vocational education with greater interest and enthusiasm.
Regional Variation in Comorbid Prediabetes and Diabetes and Associated Factors among Hypertensive Individuals in Rural Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka

We aimed to explore the cross-country variation in the prevalence of comorbid prediabetes or diabetes and determine the sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors, especially body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, associated with comorbid diabetes in individuals with hypertension in rural South Asia. We analyzed cross-sectional data of 2426 hypertensive individuals of ≥40 years from 30 randomly selected rural communities in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Prediabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) between 100 and 125 mg/dL without use of antidiabetic treatment and diabetes as FPG ≥126 mg/dL or use of antidiabetic medication. The prevalence (95% CI) of prediabetes or diabetes (53.5% (51.5%, 55.5%)) and diabetes (27.7% (25.9%, 29.5%)) was high in the overall hypertensive study population in rural communities in 3 countries. Rural communities in Sri Lanka had the highest crude prevalence of prediabetes or diabetes and diabetes (73.1% and 39.3%) with hypertension, followed by those in Bangladesh (47.4% and 23.1%) and Pakistan (39.2% and 20.5%). The factors independently associated with comorbid diabetes and hypertension were residing in rural communities in Sri Lanka, higher education, international wealth index, waist circumference, pulse pressure, triglyceride, and lower high-density lipoprotein. The association of diabetes with waist circumference was stronger than with BMI in hypertensive individuals. Prediabetes or diabetes are alarmingly common among adults with hypertension and vary among countries in rural South Asia. The high prevalence of comorbid diabetes in Sri Lanka among hypertensives is not fully explained by conventional risk factors and needs further etiological research. Urgent public health efforts are needed to integrate diabetes control within hypertension management programs in rural South Asia, including screening waist circumference.
The anandamide transport inhibitor AM404 reduces ethanol self‐administration

The endocannabinoid system mediates in the pharmacological actions of ethanol and genetic studies link endocannabinoid signaling to alcoholism. Drugs activating cannabinoid CB1 receptors have been found to promote alcohol consumption but their effects on self‐administration of alcohol are less clear because of the interference with motor performance. To avoid this problem, a novel pharmacological approach to the study of the contribution of the cannabinoid system in alcoholism may be to use drugs that locally amplify the effects of alcohol on endogenous cannabinoids. In the present study we addressed this model by studying the effects of the anandamide transport inhibitor N‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl) arachidonoyl‐ethanolamide (AM404) on both ethanol self‐administration and reinstatement of alcohol‐seeking behavior in rats. The results show that AM404 significantly reduced ethanol self‐administration in a dose‐dependent manner but failed to modify reinstatement for lever pressing induced by the stimulus associated with alcohol. This effect was not due to a motor depressant effect and was not related to a decrease in general motivational state, as it was not effective in other reward paradigms such as lever pressing for a saccharin solution. The mechanism of action of AM404 does not involve cannabinoid CB1 receptors as the CB1‐selective antagonist SR141716A did not block the reduction of ethanol self‐administration induced by the anandamide uptake blocker. Moreover, 3‐(1,1‐dimethylheptyl)‐(–)‐11‐hydroxy‐delta 8‐tetrahydrocannabinol (HU‐210), a classical cannabinoid receptor agonist, did not affect ethanol self‐administration. The effects of AM404 are not mediated by either vanilloid VR1 receptors or cannabinoid CB2 receptors because it is not antagonized by either the VR1 receptor antagonist capsazepine or the CB2 antagonist AM630. These results indicate that AM404 may be considered as an innovative approach to reduce alcohol consumption.
Seemingly Embedded But Obviously Exploitative Relations: Organizational Contingencies of Mutual Dependence, Power Imbalance and Embedded Relations

We examine effects of mutual dependence and power imbalance on embedded relations between organizations in an industrial district setting. Employing qualitative methodology, we conducted an exploratory research on manufacturer‐retailer relations in the Siteler Furniture District in Ankara. The findings indicated that manufacturer's size and retailer's competitive strategy shape their dependencies and embedded relations. Illustrating various patterns of relationships for different combinations of size and strategy in manufacturer‐retailer dyads, we found that mutual dependence enhances embedded relations. We also found that power imbalance does not necessarily hinder them, but generates one‐sided relations: the more dependent party tries to build them at the expense of being exploited by the less dependent one. Our study implies that embedded relations may entail exploitation particularly in governed networks where power inequalities are high.
Back to Where It Happened: Self-Reported Symptom Improvement of Tsunami Survivors who Returned to the Disaster Area

Abstract Background: During October and November 2005, the National Norwegian Tsunami Support Association organized a journey to the disaster area for survivors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the Tsunami affected the participants' psychological problems. Methods: Twenty-nine adults and 19 children made the journey. Steps were taken to enable each individual to acquire an overall understanding of the catastrophic event. Various forms of antiphobic training were provided. At the end of the stay, 28 adults replied to a questionnaire. The questions concerned: (1) motives for traveling; (2) benefits experienced; (3) psychological problems before departure; and (4) problems at the end of the stay. Parents with children were asked to assess their children's psychological problems at the same points in time. Results: Considerable improvements in anxiety symptoms were reported and observed in both the adults and children. No certain cases of retraumatization occurred. Discussion: The improvements can be understood in the light of psychodynamic, cognitive, and behavioral theory approaches. The duration of the improvement in symptoms remains to be documented. There appears to be grounds for encouraging traumatized patients to return to a disaster area as part of the treatment process if they so wish.
Governance and control as mediating instruments in an inter-firm relationship: towards collaboration or transactions?

This paper explores the mediation of governance and control structures in an inter-firm relationship between a semiconductor producer and its contractor. As mediating instruments the contract and the control structures are not just pre-given results of distanced managerial decision-making, but are generated in and constitutive of the relationship. They offer the possibility to interpret and to interact and they contribute to more or less unexpected transformations in the relationship. In particular, the study explores how the mediation of the governance and control structures has socialising and/or individualising consequences. The paper particularly offers insights into how the mediation of the governance and control structures is impacted by changes in boundary spanners (i.e. managers who represent their organisations in an inter-firm relationship). The paper draws on Roberts 2001. Trust and control in Anglo-American systems of corporate governance: the individualizing and socializing effects of processes of accountability. Human Relations, 54 (12), 1547–1572. and distinguishes four patterns of governance that may be consequential of mediation by governance and control structures: immobilised governance, individualised governance, socialised governance and complementary governance. The study illustrates that accounting is not so much a force that creates transparency for distanced others, but a constitutive mechanism that produces a collaborative inter-firm relationship with socialised governance. It provides a basis for discussion and debate in the relationship.
Dynamic Growth Equity Returns

Within book/market quintiles, expected return from constant growth equity valuation (static growth expected return, SGER) relates positively with realized returns. However, SGER overstates realized returns for growth stocks and understates realized returns for value stocks. We investigate whether reversion in ROE, which is a SGER input, reconciles these biases. We compare several ROE forecasts using both historical and analysts’ earnings estimates but SGER continues to overstate (understate) returns for growth (value) stocks. On the other hand, the regression of return on ROE for value versus growth stocks is a conditional reduced-form version of a dynamic equity valuation model that recognizes the value-premium. We call return forecasts from these regressions dynamic growth expected returns, DGER, which in large part eliminate the value-versus-growth bias.
Outbreak of Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the southwestern United States. Response of pathologists and other laboratorians.

During late spring and early summer of 1993, national and international media called worldwide attention to a cluster of deaths in the southwestern United States. These patients succumbed to a rapidly progressive severe respiratory distress syndrome. After notification of state and national health agencies in mid-May, a major effort was launched to determine the cause of this often fatal respiratory distress syndrome, to advise the public on safety measures, and to determine the method of spread of this "mystery illness. " Within weeks of recognition of the early cases, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced the probable agent, a Hantavirus. This report details the response of pathologists, medical technologists, and other laboratory scientists to this new viral epidemic, with emphasis on activities that occurred within New Mexico.
Genetic and developmental analysis of some new color mutants in the goldfish, Carassius auratus.

The genotypes of three color mutants in goldfish: a depigmentation character of larval melanophores, albinism and a recessive-transparent character, were analyzed by crossing experiments. The depigmentation character in the common goldfish is controlled by two dominant multiple genes, Dp1 and Dp2, and only fish with double recessive alleles dp1dp1 dp2dp2 can retain larval melanophores throughout life. Albinism is also controlled by double autosomal genes, p and c. The genotype of an albino fish is represented by PP CC; the non-albino fish is PP CC. Fish with either a pp CC or pp Cc genotype are albino when scored at the time of melanosome differentiation in the pigment retina, but after the time of skin melanophore diffrentiation, they change to the nonalbino type under the control of the C gene. The recessive-transparent character is controlled by a single autosomal gene, g. The mechanisms of gene expression of these characters were proposed as a result of observation and/or experimental data on the differentiation processes of their phenotypes, and the genotypes of these color mutant goldfish were considered in relation to the "gene duplication hypothesis in the Cyprinidae. "
Effect of Bio-Oss with or without platelet-derived growth factor on bone formation by "guided tissue regeneration": a pilot study in rats.

AIM To investigate the effect of Bio-Oss with and without the local application of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor (rhPDGF-BB) on bone formation under Teflon capsules. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight male, 6-month-old, Wistar strain rats were used in the study. In each animal, the lateral aspect of the mandibular ramus was exposed and small perforations were produced in the bone. A rigid, non-porous hemispherical teflon capsule (diameter 7 mm) was placed on the ramus in both sides of the animals. The capsule placed on the one side of the jaw was filled with Bio-Oss granules soaked in a solution of PDGF-BB (20 microg/capsule) and autogenous blood prior to placement. The capsules placed on the other side of the jaw were filled with Bio-Oss granules soaked in autogenous blood only (controls). Four rats were sacrificed after 3 months and the remaining four after 5 months. Undecalcified sections containing the capsule and surrounding tissues were prepared and analysed in the microscope. RESULTS Histologic analysis revealed limited amounts of bone formation. Most of the space underneath the capsules was occupied by Bio-Oss particles surrounded by fibrovascular connective tissue. Given the small sample size statistical analysis was not possible, however, the mean amount of mineralized new bone in the control group (20.8%) appeared to be larger than that in the test group (6.7%). After 5 months the amount of newly formed bone appeared similar in the two groups (23.0% test, 26.0% controls). The Bio-Oss particles occupied between 31.4% and 41.1% of the capsule area at 3 months and between 34.0% and 34.7% at 5 months. Only particles adjacent to the mandibular ramus were incorporated in newly formed bone. CONCLUSION Limited bone formation was present in the capsules grafted with Bio-Oss with or without the growth factor.
Lowering diastolic blood pressure in non-proteinuric hypertension in pregnancy is not harmful to the fetus and is associated with reduced frequency of severe maternal hypertension

Commentary on : Magee LA, von Dadelszen P, Rey E, et al. Less-tight versus tight control of hypertension in pregnancy. N Engl J Med 2015;372:407–17. [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3] Guidelines recommend lowering blood pressure (BP) below 140/90 mm Hg in adults <60 years to prevent cardiovascular complications.1 During pregnancy, lowering BP below 160/110 mm Hg is universally endorsed; however, maternal and fetal benefits of targets below 140/90 mm Hg are not clear. Some meta-analyses suggest a possible reduction in fetal birth weight associated with lowering mildly elevated BP.2 However, other analyses found no evidence of fetal harm and a reduction in severe maternal hypertension.3 This clinical trial compared fetal and maternal outcomes associated with lowering diastolic BP (DBP) to 100 mm Hg compared to 85 mm Hg in non-proteinuric hypertensive pregnant women. This open, multicentre trial included 987 pregnant women with mild to moderate … [1]: {openurl}? query=rft.jtitle%253DN%2BEngl%2BJ%2BMed%26rft.volume%253D372%26rft.spage%253D407%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1056%252FNEJMoa1404595%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F25629739%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref? access_num=10.1056/NEJMoa1404595&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref? access_num=25629739&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febmed%2F20%2F4%2F141.atom
Light-emitting Diode Beam Profile and Spectral Output Influence on the Degree of Conversion of Bulk Fill Composites.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the beam profile and the spectral output of monowave and polywave light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and their influence on the degree of conversion (DC) of bulk fill composites. METHODS A monowave LED (Smartlite Focus, Dentsply) and a polywave LED (Valo Cordless, Ultradent) were characterized using a resin calibrator and a laser beam profile analyzer. Two bulk fill composites, Sonic Fill 2 (SF) containing camphorquinone (CQ) and Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (TEB) containing CQ associated with alternative photoinitiators, were placed in custom-designed molds (n=3) and photoactivated by the monowave or polywave LED with 20 J/cm2. To map the DC, longitudinal cross sections (0.5 mm thick) from the center of the restoration were evaluated using FT-NIR microscopy. SF and TEB light transmittances (n=3) through 4-mm-thick specimens were evaluated during curing. Data were analyzed using a split-plot analysis of variance and Tukey test (α=0.05; β=0.2). RESULTS The monowave LED had a radiant emittance of 20 ± 0.5 J/cm2 over 420-495 nm, and the polywave LED had an emittance of 15.5 ± 0.4 J/cm2 over 420-495 nm and of 4.5 ± 0.2 J/cm2 over 380-420 nm. The total radiant exposure at the bottom of TEB was 2.2 ± 0.2 J/cm2 with the monowave LED and 1.6 ± 0.3 J/cm2 with the polywave LED, and for SF it was 0.4 ± 0.1 J/cm2 for both LEDs. There were no differences in the curing profiles produced either by the monowave or the polywave LED (p=0.9), according to the regions under influence of blue and/or violet emission at the same depth. There was no statistical difference in the DC for SF using the monowave or polywave LED at any depth (p=0.29). TEB had a higher DC at up to 2 mm in depth when the polywave LED was used (p<0.004), but no differences were found when starting at 2.5 mm. CONCLUSIONS Monowave and polywave LEDs emitted nonhomogeneous light beams, but this did not affect the DC homogeneity of bulk fill composites. For composites containing CQ associated with alternative photoinitiators, polywave LEDs had a higher DC, but only at the top part of the restoration; lower wavelength absorption photoinitiators were ineffective in deeper areas.
Mobile-Only Consumers Arise from Heterogeneous Valuation of Fixed Services

Mobile-only users are usually considered as a consequence of fixed-mobile substitution. Via a unique dataset based on a a large European country survey and consumers' invoice data, this study reveals heterogeneous preferences for fixed services among consumers. The data is fitted in a mixed logit model and willingness to pay (WTP) for fixed communications services are estimated. Results show that mobile-only consumers have a WTP for fixed services of 15 € per month, while the WTP of users of both fixed and mobile services is thrice higher. Considering that a typical monthly fee for fixed services is around 30 €, the heterogeneous preferences for fixed services constitute an alternative explanation for the existence of mobile-only users, despite the complementarity of fixed and mobile broadband.
Affective and Instrumental Communication in Primary Care Interactions: Predicting the Satisfaction of Nursing Staff and Patients

Verbal and nonverbal communication between nursing staff and patients has received scant research attention. This study examined patients' and nursing staff members' global affective and instrumental communication, mutual influence, and relationship to postvisit satisfaction. This study employed ratings of videotaped primary care visits of 81 nursing staff members with 235 patients, and assessed communication in 2 channels: nonverbal visual and speech including vocal tone. Communication channel differences and prediction of patient satisfaction were examined. The visual and vocal communication of nursing staff members and patients robustly predicted each other's satisfaction and reflected their own satisfaction with the dyadic visit. Affect was communicated more clearly through the speech with vocal tone channel, whereas instrumental communication was stronger in visual nonverbal behavior. Patients' and nursing staff members' behaviors of pleasantness and involvement frequently co-occurred.
Parental informed consent in pediatric cancer trials: A population‐based survey in Germany

Ensuring adequate parental consent is a key issue of ethical practice in pediatric oncology. In Germany, however, knowledge about parental comprehension and satisfaction with the informed consent procedure is limited, and representative data on parents' perspectives are still missing. Based on data collected by means of a population‐based survey, we evaluated the parental recall of the informed consent process for pediatric clinical trials, and how they rated the consent process retrospectively.