Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With Recurrence of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 2+ After Treatment Among HIV-Infected Women in Western Kenya

Abstract:HIV-infected women are at increased risk for recurrence of cervical dysplasia after treatment. Short-term recurrence rates may reflect treatment efficacy and therefore impact screening protocols and follow-up planning. We conducted a prospective study of 297 HIV-infected women undergoing loop electrosurgical excision procedure for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2+ (CIN2+) in an HIV clinic in Kisumu, Kenya. By 6 months after the procedure, 20 (7.1%) of women had recurrent CIN2+. Recurrence was significantly associated with CD4+ nadir but not with highly active antiretroviral therapy use. Longer-term follow-up of this cohort will illustrate the potential impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy and immune status on CIN2/3 disease recurrence.
Airflow within major Alpine river valleys under heavy rainfall

This study documents the airflow within major Alpine river valleys in the presence of precipitation. The analysis seeks a conceptual understanding of the effect of rain on the valley flow. Ground‐based and airborne Doppler radar and surface data from the Mesoscale Alpine Programme show that during persistent rainy periods the subsidence caused by melting and evaporation of precipitation particles contributes to the formation of a down‐valley flow. This down‐valley flow opposes moist southerly flow aloft, which is lifted over the topographic barrier and in which precipitation particles are formed. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society.
Impact of Working Capital Management on Profitability in UK Manufacturing Industry

Working capital management is given higher priorities by the corporate world. Companies which are effectively using their working capital components are likely to have competitive advantage over their competitors. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the working capital components and corporate profitability in different industries. 60 manufacturing companies, 20 construction companies and 17 telecommunication companies listed on the London stock exchange is used for this research covering the period of 2006-2011. The dependent variable, profitability is measured using gross operating income. The independent variables are receivable days. Payable days, inventory days, cash conversion cycle, debt, and size of the firm. Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis to explore the relationship between the profitability and the working capital components. The results show that there is no significant relationship between the working capital components and profitability. There is a negative relationship between gearing and profitability in manufacturing firms.
A survey of the 2006–2009 quartz crystal microbalance biosensor literature

Since the publication of the original review of piezoelectric acoustic sensors in this series there has been a consistent, gradual expansion in the number of published papers using ‘quartz crystal microbalances’ (QCM). Between 2001 and 2009, the number of QCM publications per annum has increased from 49 to 273, with a two‐fold increase in papers per annum between 2004 and 2008. Within the field, comparing the time covered by the current to the previous review, there are trends towards increasing use of QCM in the study of protein adsorption to surfaces (93% increase), homeostasis (67% increase), protein–protein interactions (40% increase) and carbohydrates (43% increase). New commercial systems have been released that are driving the uptake of the technology for characterization of binding specificities, affinities, kinetics and conformational changes associated with a molecular recognition event. This paper highlights theoretical and practical aspects of the principles that underpin acoustic analysis, then reviews exemplary papers in key application areas involving small molecular weight ligands, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, viruses, bacteria, cells and membrane interfaces. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Viticultural strategy to reduce alcohol levels in wine

Full-bodied and deeply colored red wines are presently the most appreciated and prized. Well-ripe grapes normally have a high glucidic content that gives highly alcoholic wines. Moreover, global temperature is increasing leading to advance in berry maturation and increase of sugar accumulation; this fact enhances even more the average wine alcohol content. Due to the consumer concern about the effects of high alcohol wine drinking, several producers have started to offer low alcohol wines. This type of wines can be produced by reducing alcohol in winery or by reducing sugar accumulation in berries. Within the last approach, different strategies have been suggested: selecting specific varieties or clones, increasing crop load, shading bunches, choosing proper irrigation techniques, modulating source-sink relationships by removing leaves or topping shoots, applying anti-transpirant to leaves or plant growth regulators to grapes. The results obtained from many studies are not univocal and are likely affected by the interaction between genotype and environment and by the extent to which each technique is applied.
Private Action in Public Interest: The Comparative Governance of Social Issues

We adopt a comparative institutional approach to examine the most efficient way of dealing with market failure. We develop a typology of market failures based on the extent of externalities and information asymmetries and define the distinct transaction costs associated with each type. We then consider the relative efficacy of alternate governance forms in dealing with these costs, arguing that enforcement costs are lowest under the state, assurance costs under collectives, and fiduciary costs under non-profits. Further, we argue that for-profits can help address problems of market failure that require either co-specialized business capabilities or the development of new solutions. These arguments combine to produce a mapping between different market failure situations and the optimal arrangement to deal with them, including various hybrid arrangements. Our study thus contributes to work in both public economics and business strategy by developing a holistic theory of how public-private interactions are best governed.
The Evolvement of Energy Informatics in the Information Systems Community - a literature Analysis and Research Agenda

This paper analyses the current state of research in the domain of energy informatics. The intention is to provide a structured overview of the existing body of knowledge in the investigated field. To accomplish this, the authors employed a literature analysis including major and relevant outlets from the IS and business study disciplines. In total, 109 papers were . To illustrate the state of the art of the discipline, the authors develop a concept matrix showing the used methods and investigated units of analysis. On that basis, the agenda for future focused research opportunities is laid out.
Authority, Monitoring, and Incentives in Hierarchies

We consider a principal-multi agent model that features a three-tier hierarchy, defined as a setting where the principal contracts with an agent-manager and delegates to the manager some authority to contract with other agents. A key highlight is that incentive compensation, performance monitoring, and the hierarchical structure (the extent to which contracting authority is delegated to the manager) are simultaneously determined. In general, we find that productivity and monitoring exhibit opposite patterns in a hierarchy. That is, at higher hierarchical levels effort incentives are higher but performance monitoring and pay-for-performance sensitivity is lower, even for agents who are otherwise comparable. For instance, we find that agents working for the agent-manager are less productive even though they are monitored more intensively than comparable agents elsewhere in the hierarchy. The flip side is that an agent-manager entrusted with authority to evaluate others is (implicitly) motivated to be more productive even though such authority reduces the need to monitor his performance. The choice of a hierarchical structure then balances the benefits of a more productive (but less monitored) manager against the costs of less productive (but more monitored) lower-level workers. Overall, our findings contribute to the growing literature that documents complementarities among organizational design choices.
Geographic Peer Effects in Management Earnings Forecasts

We find that the likelihood that a firm voluntarily provides an earnings forecast is sensitive to the extent to which other firms in the same geographic area provide earnings forecasts. This geographic peer effect in forecasting is stronger for firms owned by more local institutional investors, and when firms do forecast, liquidity improves more when a larger fraction of their geographic peers forecast. Further, we use instrumental variable techniques to help alleviate the concern that these geographic peer effects are driven by omitted local economic factors that can lead firms to make similar disclosure decisions. Overall, our findings suggest that geographic peer effects in disclosure choices arise in part due to firms trying to avoid negative capital market effects induced by local investors.
A novel stand-alone dual stator-winding induction generator with static excitation regulation

On the basis of the new idea of electric power integration, a novel stand-alone dual stator-winding induction generator (DWIG) system is built. In this generator, there are two sets of windings to be embedded in the stator slots. One, referred to as the 12-phase power winding, supplies power to the dc load via a 12-phase bridge rectifier, and the other, called the 3-phase excitation winding, is connected to a pulsewidth modulation (PWM) voltage source static excitation regulator (SER). A solid iron squirrel cage rotor is suitable for high speed generation. Experiments and simulations show the ac capacitors can reduce the inductance of rectifier loads and help to reduce the capacitance of the SER. A simple control methodology based on stator voltage orientation (SVO) is presented to regulate the output voltage of the 12-phase bridge rectifier in this paper. Moreover, the electric energy quality and the relative influence factors are studied by detailed experiments and analyses. The proposed system is especially suitable for self contained electrical systems, such as those found on electric vehicles, ships, and aircraft, where high performance and compact size are essential.
The Causality between Government Revenue and Government Expenditure in Iran

The causal relationship between government revenue and government expenditure is an important subject in public economics especially to the control of budget deficit. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between government revenue and government expenditure in Iran by applying the bounds testing approach to cointegration. The results of the causality test show that there is a bidirectional causal relationship between government expenditure and revenues in both long run and short run. Therefore, the results of this paper are consistent with fiscal synchronization hypothesis. The policy implication of results suggests that because of existing interdependence relation between government expenditure and revenue, the government makes its expenditures and revenues decision simultaneously. Under this hypothesis, the fiscal authorities of Iran should try to increase revenues and decrease expenditure simultaneously to control the budget deficits.
The economic and social impact of the gaming industry during economic downturns

Investigation is conducted into how gaming volumes and casino employment were impacted within a non-destination gaming state in urban and rural counties by the 2007-2009 economic downturn in The United States of America. Examples of urban and rural areas are researched in order to determine if certain gaming locations within a non-destination gaming state can be determined as recession proof. Effort is directed to establish and measure the gaming volumes before, during, and after the recession and also in addition to the analysis of employment figures issues such as the impact of gambling on the social environment is also factored into the overall analysis and findings. Findings indicate that while there was a slight drop in gaming revenue and employment figures during this period, non-destination gaming locations such as Indiana proved relatively resilient to the recession but were more vulnerable to external factors such as emerging competition from neighboring states. Evidence suggests that the gaming industry located in urban areas was more likely to impact the urban employment environment during the 2007 to 2009 recession than was evident in the rural areas in which the gaming industry is located.
Share Repurchases, Institutional Framework and Globalisation: A UK-Specific Investigation

The paper investigates the conditions surrounding Britain’s open market repurchases over the period 1993-2010. We find that the high leverage and fiscal favouritism of repurchases over dividends deter the market’s receptiveness. Thus it is evident that repurchases are influenced by institutional peculiarities, the equity preferring market structure and the fiscal structure that has continually made repurchases tax friendlier than dividends. We also investigate the influence of globalisation on repurchases, and find that they have a negative relationship. To our knowledge we are the first to simultaneously encompass the influences of institutional idiosyncrasies, globalisation and the firm’s operational sector on repurchases.
Identification of a highly conserved sequence element at the 3' terminus of hepatitis C virus genome RNA

Previous reports suggest that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome RNA terminates with homopolymer tracts of either poly(U) or poly(A). By ligation of synthetic oligonucleotides followed by reverse transcription-PCR, cDNA cloning, and sequence analysis, we determined the 3'-terminal sequence of HCV genome RNA. Our results show that the HCV 3' nontranslated region consists of four elements (positive sense, 5' to 3'): (i) a short sequence with significant variability among genotypes, (ii) a homopolymeric poly(U) tract, (iii) a polypyrimidine stretch consisting of mainly U with interspersed C residues, (iv) a novel sequence of 98 bases. This latter nucleotide sequence is not present in human genomic DNA and is highly conserved among HCV genotypes. The 3'-terminal 46 bases are predicted to form a stable stem-loop structure. Using a quantitative-competitive reverse transcription-PCR assay, we show that a substantial fraction of HCV genome RNAs from a high- specific-infectivity inoculum contain this 3'-terminal sequence element. These results indicate that the HCV genome RNA terminates with a highly conserved RNA element which is likely to be required for authentic HCV replication and recovery of infectious RNA from cDNA.
A system-theoretic foundation for blind equalization of an FIR MIMO channel system

We consider the blind deconvolution problem of FIR multiple-input multiple-output channel systems. The systems-theoretic foundation is established on the broadest class of equalizable channel systems. This class of equalizable channel systems is then characterized. Based on this characterization, a fundamental factorization property, called irreducible-allpass factorization, is shown. Based on this fact, it is shown that any equalizable FIR system can and only can be converted to a paraunitary system, through the whitening of the observations, using the second-order statistics. The current second order statistics techniques considered only those channel systems that are irreducible, only half of the irreducible-allpass factorization of equalizable channels.
Organizational Commitment and Rewards in Malaysia, with Comparison between University Graduates and Others

This study investigates the relationship between rewards and organizational commitment (OC) of 12,076 employees who work for 32 Japanese manufacturing companies in Malaysia. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that all of three types of reward are important for OC, in the order of intrinsic, social and extrinsic rewards. These findings suggest that the antecedents of OC in Malaysia are different from those in the West or other lower income Asian countries such as China. The comparison between University graduates and others showed that extrinsic and intrinsic rewards had stronger while social rewards had weaker influence on OC in university graduates than in others. In detail: satisfaction with personnel evaluation and autonomy were more strongly correlated with OC in university graduates while co-worker support and role clarity were more significantly correlated with OC in others; fatigue was negatively correlated with OC in university graduates while positively correlated with OC in others; other rewards, i.e., satisfaction with other treatments, supervisor support and training, were equally correlated with OC in university graduates and others. Discussions and implications concerning human resource management of Japanese companies in Malaysia are offered.
A Randomized Controlled Trial Offering Higher- Compared with Lower-Dairy Second Meals Daily in Preschools in Guinea-Bissau Demonstrates an Attendance-Dependent Increase in Weight Gain for Both Meal Types and an Increase in Mid-Upper Arm Circumference for the Higher-Dairy Meal.

BACKGROUND Controversy remains over the most effective approaches to prevent childhood malnutrition. OBJECTIVES We tested the feasibility and effectiveness of delivering ready-to-use supplementary foods (RUSFs) as a second daily meal in preschool children aged 3-5 y in Guinea-Bissau, and compared RUSFs with different levels of dairy protein. METHODS This study was a 3 mo cluster-randomized controlled pilot trial of 2 RUSFs differing in dairy protein in 533 boys and girls from 9 preschools. Children receiving RUSFs were compared with wait-listed controls, and all students received a daily school lunch. The RUSFs were delivered 5 d/wk for 3 mo and contained 478 kcal and 11.5 g protein per 92-g daily serving. Deliveries included a ready-to-use supplementary food with 15% of protein from dairy sources (RUSF-15%) or one with 33% of protein from dairy sources (RUSF-33%). Intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol analyses (>50 d of RUSF consumption) were conducted. Changes in the weight-for-age z score (WAZ) and height-for-age z score were primary outcomes. Additional outcomes included changes in mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), hemoglobin, and retinol binding protein. RESULTS Baseline anthropometry was not different between groups (WAZ, -0.48 ± 1.04) and increased significantly over time (P < 0.01) with no effects of the RUSFs in ITT analyses. However, children consuming RUSFs for >50 d had a significantly greater increase in WAZ relative to the increase in controls (+0.40 and +0.32 for RUSF-15% and RUSF-33%, respectively, compared with +0.24 in controls, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). RUSF-33%, but not RUSF-15%, also eliminated a decrease in MUAC observed in controls (-0.01 cm in RUSF-33% compared with -0.34 cm in controls, P < 0.05). The only difference between RUSF-15% and RUSF-33% was a mean decrease in hemoglobin in children receiving RUSF-15% (-0.5 compared with -0.002 g/dL, P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Implementation of 2-meal preschool feeding programs is feasible in low-income countries, and there are measurable benefits relative to 1-meal programs in children attending preschool regularly. In addition, MUAC and hemoglobin measurements indicate that meals with 33% compared with 15% of protein from dairy may help prevent wasting and anemia.
CARBOHYDRATE AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLITE UTILIZATION BY ENZYME SYSTEMS OF MOUSE BRAIN AND LIVER MITOCHONDRIA

1. Both mouse brain and mouse liver preparations were found to utilize substrates characteristic of the following carbohydrate enzyme systems : the glycogen, glucose, fructose, mannose, fructose-1-phosphate (5), oxidative pentose phosphate (4), and tricarboxylic acid system. 2. Each of these enzyme systems was found on isolated brain mitochondria and a number on isolated liver mitochondria. 3. The implications of these findings in regard to the lability, normal enzyme system complement and functions of mitochondria are discussed.
Use and Misuse of the Likert Item Responses and Other Ordinal Measures

Likert, Likert-type, and ordinal-scale responses are very popular psychometric item scoring schemes for attempting to quantify people’s opinions, interests, or perceived efficacy of an intervention and are used extensively in Physical Education and Exercise Science research. However, these numbered measures are generally considered ordinal and violate some statistical assumptions needed to evaluate them as normally distributed, parametric data. This is an issue because parametric statistics are generally perceived as being more statistically powerful than non-parametric statistics. To avoid possible misinterpretation, care must be taken in analyzing these types of data. The use of visual analog scales may be equally efficacious and provide somewhat better data for analysis with parametric statistics.
Oxidation of X‐ray compound ditrizoic acid by ferrate(VI)

Iodinated X‐ray contrast media (ICM) such as diatrizoic acid (DTZA) is used in large amounts in hospitals to enhance imaging of organs and blood vessels during radiography. Due to its persistence and non‐biodegradability, it is found in treated water, sewage effluent, surface waters, and aquatic environments. This paper presents the kinetics of the oxidation of DTZA by ferrate(VI) (FeVIO4 2−, Fe(VI)) as a function of pH (7.1–9.6) at 25°C in order to determine the effectiveness of Fe(VI) to remove DTZA from water. The reaction was determined to be first‐order with respect to concentrations of Fe(VI) and DTZA. The rate of the reaction was found to be pH dependent and the rate decreased nonlinearly as the pH increase from 7.1 to 9.6. The speciation of Fe(VI) (HFeO4 − and FeO4 2−) was used to explain the rate dependence on pH. The calculated rate constant of Fe(VI) with DTZA at pH 7.0 was compared with nitrogen‐containing pollutants and is briefly discussed.
The Bear‐Fedio personality inventory and temporal lobe epilepsy

We administered the Bear-Fedio inventory to normal controls and to patients with epilepsy, chronic pain, and psychiatric disorders. The trait scores showed progressive increase with the severity of psychiatric symptoms. There were no statistically significant differences between epileptic patients with diffuse spike wave discharges and those with focal temporal EEG abnormalities. Also, there were no significant differences in patients with left versus right temporal foci. The inventory is markedly influenced by intellectual factors and, to some extent, by gender and anticonvulsant drug levels, especially those of carbamazepine. The test in its current form measures overall psychopathology rather than a specific syndrome.
Handle with care: distribution effects on the estimated cash flows to equity funds

In this paper, we compare the estimated monthly net cash flows to mutual fund following Sirri and Tufano (1998) and the reported net flows from the N-SAR filings. We show that the well accepted estimation of net flows would be underestimated when only small portion of the distribution from mutual funds are reinvested. The deviation of the reported net flows from the estimated net flows is significantly affected by the income distribution and the capital distribution at the 1 percent level but the underestimation of net flows is more sensitive to the capital distribution than the income distribution. Therefore, researchers should be cautious when they use the estimation formula for mutual fund flows especially in a month with distributions.