Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accountability in the Internet Era: A Lesson from Local Governments in Indonesia

Nowadays, Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest internet user growth. In line with it, the local governments in Indonesia use their official website to report the government’s activities as an accountability form to the society. Thus, this study conducted for knowing the accountability characteristics and the factors that affect the level of internet accountability reports in the local government websites. Using content analysis based on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) index in government agencies and OLS statistical approach on the 34 provinces’ official websites, this study finds, in general, the provinces’ websites have reported 63% of the total numbers that suggested by GRI. Furthermore, there are two main factors, i.e. the number of population and districts/cities, which positively affect the level of accountability reports in provinces’ website. However, no empirical evidence shows the press pressure affects the broad of website reporting in the Indonesia provinces context. Overall, this research indicates that the Indonesia local governments, in this case, provincial governments have focused on delivering their accountability to the society. Moreover, this is a good sign for the democracy growth in Indonesia. Furthermore, the Indonesia local governments may have to give more portions on their official website for answering the headline news from the mass media, specifically for the environmental and social themes. Therefore, it will further strengthen the governance-sustainability and democracy in Indonesia local government environment.
Effects of Compost and Inorganic NP Rates on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Teff (Eragrotis teff (Zucc.) Trotter) in Girar Jarso District, Central Highland of Ethiopia

Teff is the major crop produced in study area whose productivity is being affected by low soil fertility and organic matter depletion. Hence, an experiment, having factorial combination of 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 t ha-1 of compost and 0/0, 16/11.5, 32/23 and 64/46 kg ha-1 of N/P2O5, was conducted in 2014/15 main cropping season to assess the effect of rates of compost and NP fertilizers on growth, yield and yield components of teff and to determine their economical rates. Treatments were laid out in RCBD in three replications. The results indicated that the main effect of compost rate significantly increased dry biomass and straw yield and decreased harvest index. Except on number of productive tillers, the main effect of NP fertilizer was significant on all the parameters measured. The shortest days to heading, highest; lodging percentage, plant height, panicle length and dry biomass were recorded at 64/46 kg ha-1 of N/P2O5, all showing increasing trend with increasing NP. The highest grain and straw yield and net farm benefit were recorded at interaction of 64/46 N/P2O5 kg ha-1 and 7.5 tons ha-1 of compost. Generally, the study suggested that, the use full dose of nationally blanket recommended NP rate (64/48 kg of N/ P2O5) with 7.5 tons ha-1 of compost is likely combination to attain the optimum grain yield and profit and can be alternative approach for integrated soil fertility management measure instead of the sole application of inorganic fertilizers.
Using Undergraduate Learning Assistants to Aid in Course Redesign

Research has identified potential difficulties for students enrolled in large classes. Large classes reduce opportunities for faculty-student interaction, which may predict decreased learning, retention rates, and student performance. It is therefore important to increase opportunities for faculty-student interaction. One successful tactic for increasing this interaction in large classes involves the utilization of undergraduate peers as class assistants. This manuscript describes the implementation of Undergraduate Learning Assistants (ULAs) in large sections of Introductory Psychology at Missouri State University, utilizing data collected prior to this manuscript. Further, this manuscript is a review of the implementation of ULAs at Missouri State submitted by students who have served in the position. ULAs mentor students, act as facilitators between the instructor and students, and lead study sessions before each unit exam outside of the classroom. While multiple positive outcomes have been observed by means of data collection and student feedback pertinent to learning outcomes and academic success, students also rated the ULAs and their study sessions as effective. Additionally, higher levels of course staff-student interaction has also been observed. Although related work has been published regarding the specific target domains of course redesign, this manuscript provides readers with information on how to implement ULAs with respect to each of the delineated target areas.
The Study Of Nasal Parameters (Nasal Height, Nasal Width, Nasal Index) Amonst The Yorubas Of Nigeria

This study was carried out to determine and compare the nasal parameters of male and female Yorubas for any existing differences or similarities. The study was carried out using a sample size of five hundred (500) male and five hundred (500) female Yoruba subjects. They were randomly selected from Shaki polytechnic in Oyo State. The ages of subjects ranged from 18 – 45years. Nasal widths and Nasal lheights were obtained with the aid of a sliding caliper, and nasal indices were calculated as: Nasal width/Nasal height x 100. The results were analyzed using discrete statistics while z-test was used for test of significance. Males had mean nasal width, height and index of 3.83cm,4.26cm and 90.02 respectively while those of females were 3.73cm, 4.47cm and 83.58 respectively . The mean nasal index of male Yorubas was significantly higher than that of female Yorubas (p<.05). The results of this study have shown that the mean nasal index of the Yorubas still falls within the nose type called platyrrhines(385.0). This data will be of importance in forensic science, clinical practice (plastic surgery) and anthropological studies. The data is therefore recommended to forensic experts, surgeons and anthropologists.
Aqueous Electrolytes for Next Generation Batteries

In today’s society the demand for green energy is increasing, which in turn increases the demand for batteries to store the energy with. Facing a large expansion in battery production, the demands on batteries being safe, environmentally friendly and economical with natural resources are raised. This thesis aims to investigate the possibility of using water-based electrolytes in batteries, to mitigate safety problems usually associated with solvents for electrolytes. The thesis digs deeper into the area of highly concentrated aqueous electrolytes and investigates which properties in the salts are responsible for the expanded voltage window seen in previous research on the subject. The study comprises a range of combinations in anions and cations chosen by cost, abundance and previous results. The anions chosen were triflate (Tf), thiocyanate (SCN−) and bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (TFSI) and the cations were lithium (Li+), sodium (Na+) and magnesium (Mg2+). Three main properties were in focus; the ionic conductivity, the solvation structure and the electrochemical stability window (ESW). The properties were examined experimentally with Raman spectroscopy, dielectric broadband spectroscopy and linear sweep voltammetry, and computationally with semi-empirical and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The study found LiTf to have the largest ESW at 3.25 V. The majority of the investigated systems show potential for solidelectrolyte interphase (SEI) formation for highly concentrated aqueous electrolytes, and an expanded ESW, possibly as a result of this SEI formation.
A Dynamical Tikhonov Regularization Method for Solving Nonlinear Ill-Posed Problems

Abstract: The Tikhonov method is a famous technique for regularizing ill-posedsystems. In this theory a regularization parameter a needs to be determined. Based-on an invariant-manifold deﬁned in the space of (x;t) and from the Tikhonov min-imization functional, we can derive an optimal vector driven system of nonlinearordinary differential equations (ODEs). In the Optimal Vector Driven Algorithm(OVDA), the optimal regularization parameter a k is presented in the iterative so-lution of x, which means that a dynamical Tikhonov regularization method is in-volved in the solution of nonlinear ill-posed problem. The OVDA is an extensionof the Landweber-Scherzer iterative algorithm. Numerical examples of nonlinearill-posed systems under noise are examined, revealing that the present OVDA hasa good computational efﬁciency and accuracy.Keywords: Ill-posed systems, Tikhonov regularization, Dynamical Tikhonov reg-ularization, Optimal vector driven algorithm (OVDA), Landweber-Scherzer itera-tive algorithm1 IntroductionIn the scientiﬁc and engineering computation, it is a key matter to solve nonlinearoperator equations numerically in a stable way. In this paper we propose a ro-bust and easily-implemented optimal vector driven method to solve the followingnonlinear ill-posed operator equations:Fˆ(x)=y; (1)where x is an unknown, y is given data or observations, and Fˆ : D(Fˆ) ˆX 7! Yis a nonlinear operator; X and Y are both real Hilbert spaces, endowed with inner
Inflation and Growth

country mean of inflation exceeded the median for each decade. This property reflects the skewing of inflation rates to the right, as shown in Figure 1. That is, there are a number of outliers with positive inflation rates of large magnitude, but none with negative inflation rates of high magnitude. Because this skewness increased in the 1980s, the mean inflation rate rose from the 1970s to the 1980s, although the median rate declined.
Reliability testing of InP HEMT's using electrical stress methods

In this paper, we discuss the results of three different electrical stress tests on InP-based HEMT's and their implications toward reliability. These are hot electron (HE) stress, transmission line pulse (TLP) measurements, and RF overdrive stress. Some processing parameters have been varied to investigate their influence on reliability issues. HE stress is performed on a set of Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ passivated devices with increasing recess width. Degradation is observed to be largely dependent on recess width, due to changes at the InAlAs-Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ interface. With TLP measurements, an ESD-like reliability study is performed on devices with different types of Schottky barriers. Although epilayers with In/sub 0.40/Al/sub 0.00/ as Schottky material show improved breakdown and leakage characteristics over In/sub 0.52/Al/sub 0.48/As, pulsed stress tests reveal an earlier breakdown. Finally, the degradation under large-signal RF overdrive stress is determined with a nonlinear network measurement system (NNMS). Both on- and off-state degradation are studied with this set-up. Results appeared to be strongly dependent on the phase difference between the stress voltage waves applied at the device ports.
From Soft and Hard-Nosed Bankers – Bank Lending Strategies and the Survival of Financially Distressed Firms

Do private banks act as hard-nosed bankers when firms get financially distressed compared to public banks that have the mandate to support regional economy? For German firms in the period 2000-2005, I find that the probability of leaving the market after financial distress is higher for firms financed by private banks. The effects of different lending strategies are even larger for cooperative banks than for public banks.
Linear valuation without OLS: the Theil-Sen estimation approach

OLS-based archival accounting research encounters two well-known problems. First, outliers tend to influence results excessively. Second, heteroscedastic error terms raise the specter of inefficient estimation and the need to scale variables. This paper applies a robust estimation approach due to Theil (Nederlandse Akademie Wetenchappen Ser A 53:386–392, 1950) and Sen (J Am Stat Assoc 63(324):1379–1389, 1968) (TS henceforth). The TS method is easily understood, and it circumvents the two problems in an elegant, direct way. Because TS and OLS are roughly equally efficient under OLS-ideal conditions (Wilcox, Fundamentals of modern statistical methods: substantially improving power and accuracy, 2nd edn. Springer, New York 2010), one naturally hypothesizes that TS should be more efficient than OLS under non-ideal conditions. This research compares the relative efficiency of OLS versus TS in cross-sectional valuation settings. There are two dependent variables, market value and subsequent year earnings; basic accounting variables appear on the equations’ right-hand side. Two criteria are used to compare the estimation methods’ performance: (i) the inter-temporal stability of estimated coefficients and (ii) the goodness-of-fit as measured by the fitted values’ ability to explain actual values. TS dominates OLS on both criteria, and often materially so. Differences in inter-temporal stability of estimated coefficients are particularly apparent, partially due to OLS estimates occasionally resulting in “incorrect” signs. Conclusions remain even if winsorization and the scaling of variables modify OLS.
Effect of complexity on marine ecosystem models

Ecosystem rather than species management has become an explicit part of policies that feature in international treaties and national legislation. Many of the tools that will be needed to fulfil the requirements of these policies are still in an early stage of development. One such tool is trophic ecosystem modelling. These models have been put forward to aid system-level understanding and provide insight into the potential impacts of human activities. Despite this, there are many gaps in knowledge of their strengths and weaknesses. In particular, little is known about the effect of the level of detail in a model on its performance. There has been some consideration of the effects of model formulation, as well as the effects of the physical, biological and chemical scope of multi- species and ecosystem models on their performance. A review of existing research indicates that there is a humped relationship between model detail and performance for these models, and that there are some guiding principles to consider during model development. This review gives some insight into which model structures and assumptions are likely to aid understanding and manage- ment, and which may be unnecessary. Further, it provides some understanding of whether some models can capture properties of real systems that other models cannot. The main recommendation is that the use of a single 'ultimate' ecosystem model is ill-advised, while the comparative and con- firmatory use of multiple 'minimum-realistic' models is strongly recommended.
Linking Motivational Climate With Moral Behavior in Youth Sport: The Role of Social Support, Perspective Taking, and Moral Disengagement

This study investigated whether motivational climate was associated with prosocial and antisocial behavior in youth athletes directly and indirectly via social support (i.e., emotional and esteem support), perspective taking, and moral disengagement. A total of 275 youth team sport players (156 boys and 119 girls) aged 11 to 16 years completed questionnaires assessing the study variables. Structural equation modeling revealed that mastery climate was positively associated with prosocial teammate behavior both directly and indirectly via social support. Mastery climate was also indirectly associated with prosocial opponent behavior via social support and perspective taking. Mastery climate was negatively associated with antisocial behavior toward opponents and teammates indirectly via social support, perspective taking, and moral disengagement. Performance climate was positively associated with antisocial behavior toward teammates directly and indirectly via moral disengagement: It was also indirectly associated with antisocial behavior toward opponents via moral disengagement. Our findings extend understanding about the variables that might explain relationships between motivational climate and moral conduct in youth athletes. Implications for sport practitioners are considered, especially in relation to approaches that could help foster moral character in young people through sport.
GOOD GOVERNMENT IN MEXICO The Relevance of the Gender Perspective i

A number of studies explore the link between gender and good government, and confirm the correlation first observed by Dollar et al (2001): the number of women in elected office is related to levels of corruption. These studies build on cross-country comparative analyses and have thus far failed to discern whether the observed correlation indicates causation or whether both derive from successful liberal democratic project. We explore these issues in an analysis at the subnational level in Mexico. Using several waves of data from a bribe-payers survey conducted by Transparencia Mexicana, we examine the dynamic interrelationship between women in government and levels of corruption over time. The results suggest that levels of corruption affect women’s ability to enter the political arena, but that once in political office, the presence of women in government contributes to reducing corruption. While the latter finding is somewhat less certain, we subject the hypothesis to a rigorous test, as the analyses consider whether female representation is linked to change in the prevalence of bribe-paying between 2001 and 2010. Marcia Grimes The Quality of Government Institute Department of Political Science University of Gothenburg marcia.grimes@pol.gu. se Lena Wängnerud The Quality of Government Institute Department of Political Science University of Gothenburg lena.wangnerud@pol.gu. se
Mass Migration and Images of State Power: Turkey’s Claim to the Status of a Responsible Rising Power

This article investigates the symbolic role that mass migration can have on the power status of the hosting country. It posits that receiving large number of refugees can either enhance the perceived power of the host by creating the image of a strong state that attracts these populations for all it has to offer; or weaken perceived power by generating the image of a weak state unable to control its borders. By using the case of Turkey’s reception of millions of Syrian refugees since 2011, this article argues that the Turkish government is careful to use the refugees as a means to craft an image of responsible power, however such an effort can be undermined by other material and strategic advantages sought by the Turkish government, which challenges the credibility of Turkey’s generosity and responsibility as a rising power.
The effect of Bank competition on the effectiveness of the Interest Rate Channel of Monetary Policy Transmission

This study investigates the effect of bank competition on the interest rate pass-through in Zambia. Specifically, the study investigates whether lack of competition dampens the transmission of monetary policy changes to retail rates as well as its effects on the level of interest rates. The study developed a theoretical model based and tested it using dynamic panel data methods. Furthermore, the study used bank level data covering the period Q1 1998 to Q2 2015. The authors used two measures of bank competition namely HHI and Lerner Index The results from the study indicated that higher competition enhances the transmission of monetary policy changes to retail rates. In addition, results indicated that there is positive relationship between a measure of competition and lending rates charged by commercial banks. From a policy perspective, these results imply that there is need for more financial reforms aimed at enhancing competition in the banking sector in order to lower lending rates as well as enhancing monetary policy effectiveness.
Species wise incidence of malaria in pediatric age group of Raichur district, India

Background: The incidence of malaria is on the raise in Raichur district of Karnataka in the recent years and there is not much studies on malaria from this region. A hospital and community-based study was conducted to know the species wise incidence of malaria in pediatric age group of Raichur district and to know the efficacy of rapid diagnostic test for the diagnosis of malaria, against the gold standard ‘Microscopic examination’ of thick and thin smear.Methods: Blood samples from 676 children with clinical suspicion of malaria were tested by PBS study and RDT. Differentiation of malaria parasite is based on antigenic differences between pLDH isoforms. Results from the RDT were compared to those obtained by PBS.Results: A total of 302 (44.67%) samples were positive by PBS method of which 54 (8.0%) are Plasmodium falciparum, 248 (36.9%) are Plasmodium vivax and, while 218 (32.2%) were positive by RDT 37 (5.5%) Plasmodium falciparum, 181 (26.8%) Plasmodium vivax. In present study the overall incidence of Plasmodium vivax in Raichur district is 36.69% and Plasmodium falciparum incidence is 7.99% and none of the samples have tested positive for Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale species among the study group. The RDT showed sensitivities of 53.70% and 66.13% and specificities of 98.71% and 96.03%, respectively for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax.Conclusions: Plasmodium vivax species remains the most common malarial parasite among the positive case by PBS method in Raichur district, but the incidence of plasmodium falciparum is on the rise which is a matter of concern. The RDT method has a low sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of malaria since the identification of the four-parasite species is not possible. The careful examination of a well-prepared and well-stained blood film currently remains the "gold standard" for malaria diagnosis.