Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Down-regulation of intrahepatic CD16 + and CD56 + immune cells in chronic Hepatitis C virus infection and HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Introduction: The intrahepatic pool of natural killer (NK) and lymphocytes with NK receptors (NKRs) is thought to play a key role in determining whether host immune responses to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection result in viral clearance or disease progression. Material and methods: Liver biopsies were taken from 116 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection, 44 of whom had liver cirrhosis (LC), and 36 patients had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Twenty histologically normal livers served as controls. Tissue sections were stained with CD16 and CD56 monoclonal antibodies by avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method and were semi-quantitatively evaluated. Results: The CD16 and CD56 immunoreactivity on intrahepatic NK cells and lymphocytes was significantly decreased in patients with CHC (34.8 ±1.9, 4.3 ±0.4, respectively), LC (22.4 ±0.3, 1.5 ±0.6, respectively) and HCC (11.5 ±1.1, 0.6 ±0.3, respectively) compared to controls (p < 0.05) with sequence order. Moreover, NK cells and lymphocytes positive for CD16 and CD56 in the liver of patients with high METAVIR scores for chronic hepatitis were significantly reduced compared to patients with low score (p < 0.01). The CD16+ Kupffer cells were, also, reduced in CHC compared to controls (p < 0.01), and the reduction was more pronounced with the progression of the disease. Conclusions: These data show that CHC is associated with defects in NK cells and CD56+ lymphocytes that correlate with the degree of inflammatory activity and stage of hepatic fibrosis. The reduced CD16+ Kupffer cells in chronic HCV infection and HCC stress the important role of these cells in antiviral and antitumor immunity.
Consumer Perception Factors for Fashion M-Commerce and Its Impact on Loyalty Among Working Adults

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of selected customer perceived value factors on the consumer loyalty towards Mobile commerce in Malaysia towards fashion and apparel industry. This research mainly proposes on the integrated model of dependent variable loyalty of consumer behavior with six independent variables such as Efficiency, System availability, Fulfillment, price as perceived value elements. Explanatory research is adopted and data was collected using a questionnaire developed based on the past researches. The sample of 215 M-shoppers is collected using convenience sampling and then analyzed with help of AMOS 22 tool mainly verified normality, reliability, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modelling and path analysis. Correlation Analysis has been carried out for the latent constructs of the SEM to find the strength of relationship between variables and through the Path Analysis R-square value obtained indicated that the model explains most of the variability of the response data around its mean. Then, significance of the SEM is obtained using the P-value in which the exogenous variables ‘Efficiency & Privacy’ are found to be significant with the ‘Perceived Value’ and one of the exogenous variable ‘Price’ is found to be significant directly with the endogenous variable ‘Loyalty’. Mediating effects were considered to find the direct effects of exogenous variables on endogenous variables. Efficiency, privacy and price are the three important factors that any fashion industry in M-commerce should consider before marketing its products through mobile applications. Thus, businesses developing M-Commerce can come out with suitable value proposition for their M-shoppers based on the findings of this research.
Analyzing the relationship between culture of fear and burnout according to the perceptions of academics

This study aims at analysing the relation between culture of fear and burnout according to the perceptions of academics working at universities in Ankara. A total 416 academics 210 of which are female and 206 of which are male have participated in the study. “Culture of Fear Scale” developed by Ashkanasy and Nicholson, and adapted into Turkish culture within the framework of this study as well as “Maslach Burnout Scale” developed by Maslach and Jackson, and adapted into Turkish culture by Ergin , have been used as the data collection tools in this study. The data collected within the framework of this study have been analysed by conducting descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentile, arithmetic mean and standard deviation as well as t-test, one way variation analysis, Kruskal Wallis H test and Mann Whitney U test, Pearson Correlation and Structural Equation Model. The construct validity of the data collection tools has been tested by confirmatory factor analysis. At the end of the study, the level of culture of fear perceived by the participants has been found to be low. Moreover, participants’ level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization has been found to be low whereas their level of perceived personal accomplishment has been found to be high. It has also been found out that there is a statistically significant, positive and moderate relation between the level of culture of fear perceived by the academics and their level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization while there is a statistically significant, negative and moderate relation between their level of culture of fear and personal accomplishment. Besides, it has been concluded that culture of fear is a significant predictor of all the sub-dimensions of burnout.
Ecological aspects of the floral structure and flowering in Pulsatilla species

In terms of flowering ecology, Pulsatilla flowers are classified as “pollen flowers” producing inconsiderable amounts of nectar. The aim of this study was to assess the length of the flowering period in Pulsatilla slavica and P. vulgaris and to investigate the structure of the epidermis of the perianth and generative elements of their flowers. Special focus was placed on the structure of hairs and the distribution of stomata. The weight of nectar released by the flowers of the two Pulsatilla species and the content of sugars in the nectar was also evaluated. In SE Poland, both species flowered for similar periods between the second half of April and the first half of May. The flower life-span of both was determined to be 9–14 days. The lower part of each sepal was observed to be covered by long hairs having cellulose-pectin cell walls of varying thickness. Hairs present on the pistil style are thinner; they may provide some protection against cold and can play a role of a secondary pollen presenter for insects. The bowl-shaped structure of the perianth and the nature of the adaxial surface of the sepal epidermis may facilitate reflection of sunlight into the inner parts of the flower, which may contribute to an elevation of the intraflower temperature. This is particularly important for the functionality of the ovary. The surface of the hairs was seen to be covered by a cuticle ensuring water impermeability. Flowers are visited by honeybees, bumblebees, butterflies, and ants, for which nectar and pollen are the main attractants. Ants, which are regarded as illegitimate flower visitors, were found to cause damage to the androecium. The number of fruits produced in the flowers of both Pulsatilla species was lower than 50% of the number of pistils.
Displacement of surface monuments: Horizontal motion

Measurements of tectonic deformation depend on both accurate instrumentation and adequate coupling of the apparatus to the earth's crust. Existing techniques, capable of resolving the signals of interest (strain rates of 10 n/yr), are mainly observatory based. The limitation in the baselength of these instruments (---1 km) results in a requirement that the reference monuments be exceptionally stable (10 tzm/yr). However, records from Pition Flat Observatory, California, show that the actual horizontal displacements for massive near surface monuments, eraplaced in competent, weathered granite, are of the order of 50 tzm/yr. The low noise level of the strain measurements at this site indicates that this magnitude of monument displacement is abnormally small. Until high-accuracy geodetic techniques are developed, sophisticated monuments (or monument monitoring devices) will be necessary to record faithfully continuous crustal deformation.
RESPONSE OF ZEBDA MANGO TREES TO ORGANIC AND BIO NITROGEN FERTILIZATION AS A PARTIAL SUBSTITUTE FOR MINERAL NITROGEN

The present study was executed in 2014 and 2015 seasons on 23-yearold Zebda mango trees grown in sandy soil under drip irrigation system at the experimental orchard of El-Kassasien Hort. Res. Station, Ismailia Governorate. This investigation aimed to study the possibility of using the organic nitrogen (chicken manure 3.21 % N) with bio nitrogen (biogen) fertilizers partially instead of completed mineral nitrogen (ammonium sulphate 20.6 %N). Results revealed that reducing the percentage of mineral nitrogen from 100 % to 25 % and increasing organic nitrogen to 75 % with biofertilizers ( 100 g biogen /tree) had an announced promotion and increasing number and length of new shoots, number of leaves/ shoot , leaf area, N,P and K contents, number of initial and retention fruit set percentage and yield (kg/tree). Fruit weight and pulp firmness, TSS and vitamin C content were also increased. While, fruit peel thickness and juice acidity percentage were significantly decreased in comparison with the control treatment (100 % mineral N). Conclusively, under the conditions of this study, 75 % of organic nitrogen (23.36 kg chicken manure/tree) + 25 % mineral nitrogen (1.21 kg ammonium sulphate/tree) with biogen bio-fertilizer at 100 g /tree was sufficient for minimizing mineral nitrogen fertilization to the quarter and increasing yield/tree by 41.50 % (average of the two seasons) with the best fruit quality of Zebda mango as compared with control treatment.
The survival of listeria monocytogenes in yoghurt and ice cream

; "> The ability of L. monocytogenes as an opportunistic pathogen of humans and animals, to survive and grow under various adverse environmental conditions, makes it a potential health hazard after the consumption of contaminated dairy products, it often implicated in several outbreaks of listeriosis. This study was conducted to investigate the survival of L. monocytogenes strain (NCTC13372) when inoculated with a population level of 6.95 log cfu/g and 7.64 log cfu/g and stored at 4oC for 15 days and 3 months at -18oC for yoghurt and ice cream respectively. The obtained results indicated that complete inactivation of the tested organism wasn’t achieved till the end of storage periods and the inoculated L. monocytogenes was survived in both yoghurt and ice cream throughout the trial. It is concluded that in the dairy industry, we cannot rely upon either fermentation process and storage at refrigerating temperature or upon storage at freezing temperature during yoghurt and ice cream manufacturing to control L. monocytogenes pathogen in order to provide safe products for consumption.
Intergenerational Wealth Transfer and the Need to Revive and Metamorphose the Israeli Estate Tax

Abstract This article suggests enacting an accession tax instead of the estate duty – which was repealed in Israel in 1981. This suggestion evolves from historical and normative explorations of the tension between perceptions of familial intergenerational property rights and justifications for the “death tax,” as termed by its opponents, i.e., estate and inheritance tax. First, the Article explores this tension as expressed in the history of the Israeli Estate Duty Law. This chronological survey reveals a move from the State’s taken-for-granted interest in revenue justifying the Law’s enactment in 1949; moving on to the “needy widow” and “poor orphan” in whose name the tax was attacked during the years 1959–1964, continuing to the abolition of the tax in 1981 in the name of efficiency and the right of the testator to transfer his wealth to his family, and finally cumulating with the targeting of tycoon dynasties that characterizes the recent calls for reintroducing the tax. Next, based on the rich literature on the subject, the Article maps the arguments for and against intergenerational wealth transfer taxation, placing the Israeli case in larger philosophical, political, and pragmatic contexts. Lastly, it associates the ideas of accession tax and “social inheritance” with inspirational sources for rethinking a realistic wealth transfer taxation to bridge the gap between notions of intergenerational familial rights and intergenerational social justice.
TRENDS AND ISSUES IN URBAN AND MINORITY EDUCATION , 1989 PROMOTING THE ACHIEVEMENT OF AT-RISK STUDENTS

Bempechat, Janine; Wells, Amy Stuart Trends and Issues in Urban and Minority Education, 1989. Promoting the Achievement of At-Risk Students. Trends and Issues No. 13. ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education, New York, N.Y. Office of Educational Research and Improvement (ED), Washington, DC. Dec 89 RI88062013 38p. ERIC Clearinghouse, Teachers College, Box 40, Columbia Univ., New York, NY 10027 ($3.00). Information Analyses ERIC Information Analysis Products (071) MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. Academic Achievement; *Beliefs; *Classroom Environment; Competition; Cooperative Learning; Disadvantaged Youth; *Dropout Prevention; Elementary Secondary Education; *High Risk Students; Literature Reviews; *Middle Schools; Parent Attitudes; Peer Influence; Student Attitudes; Teacher Attitudes; *Track System (Education); Urban Areas This document comprises reviews of recent studies on the influence of classroom environment; curriculum tracking; child, parent and teacher beliefs; and middle school environment on the achievement of high risk students. Chapter 1, "Competitive, Cooperative, and Individualistic Structures of Classroom Learning," reports on the negative effect of interpersonal competition in learning environments and cites movement towards cooperative learning strategies. Chapter 2, "Determinants and Outcomes of Curriculum Tracking in Public and Private Schools," reports on how tracking favors advantaged and white students but locks lower track students into an unchallenging curriculum that limits later academic pursuits and produces deleterious psychological effects such as decreased satisfaction with school, lower self-esteem, and lower educational aspirations. Chapter 3, "The Role of Child, Parent, and Teacher Beliefs in Motivational Factors in Children's Learning," reports that children whose families and teachers strongly value effort and personal responsibility are more apt to develop the discipline needed to persevere in the face of educational difficulties, while students whose peers disparage academic achievement have more obstacles to overcome in the effort to succeed in school. Chapter 4, "Middle School Education as the Critical Link in Dropout Prevention," cites studies demonstrz.ting the importance of a nurturing, supportive middle school environment to dropout prevention. Each chapter is accompanied by a list of references. (FMW)
Rigidity and stability of spheres in the Helfrich model

The Helfrich functional, denoted by H^{c_0}, is a mathematical expression proposed by Helfrich (1973) for the natural free energy carried by an elastic phospholipid bilayer. Helfrich theorises that idealised elastic phospholipid bilayers minimise H^{c_0} among all possible configurations. The functional integrates a spontaneous curvature parameter c_0 together with the mean curvature of the bilayer and constraints on area and volume, either through an inclusion of osmotic pressure difference and tensile stress or otherwise. Using the mathematical concept of embedded orientable surface to represent the configuration of the bilayer, one might expect to be able to adapt methods from differential geometry and the calculus of variations to perform a fine analysis of bilayer configurations in terms of the parameters that it depends upon. In this article we focus upon the case of spherical red blood cells with a view to better understanding spherocytes and spherocytosis. We provide a complete classification of spherical solutions in terms of the parameters in the Helfrich model. We additionally present some further analysis on the rigidity and stability of spherocytes.
Treatment and recycling of incinerated ash using thermal plasma technology

To treat incinerated ash is an important issue in Taiwan. Incinerated ashes contain a considerable amount of hazardous materials such as dioxins and heavy metals. If these hazardous materials are improperly treated or disposed of, they shall cause detrimental secondary contamination. Thermal plasma vitrification is a robust technology to treat and recycle the ash residues. Under the high temperature plasma environment, incinerated ashes are vitrified into benign slag with large volume reduction and extreme detoxification. Several one-step heat treatment processes are carried out at four temperatures (i.e. 850, 950, 1050 and 1150 C) to obtain various ‘‘microstructure materials’’. The major phase to form these materials is a solid solution of gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7) and åkermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7) belonging to the melilite group. The physical and mechanical properties of the microstructure materials are improved by using one-step post-heat treatment process after plasma vitrification. These microstructure materials with good quality have great potential to serve as a viable alternative for construction applications. # 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
New and rare coelomycetes with appendage-bearing conidia from Pondoland, South Africa

During a mycological excursion to the Pondoland region of South Africa in 2008, six interesting anamorphic fungi with appendage-bearing conidia were isolated. They are Bartalinia pondoensis, Crucellisporium umtamvunae, and Mycohypallage margaretae, all of which are new to science, Mycohypallage congesta with a new observation of gelatinous basal appendage, Mycotribulus mirabilis on a new host plant, Apodytes, and Chaetospermum camelliae. Morphological characters are described and notes provided. The teleomorphic affinity of C. umtamvunae to the Helotiales is proposed based on DNA sequence data.
Unraveling the In-law conflict and its association with intimate partner violence in Chinese culture: narrative accounts of Chinese battered women

This paper analyzes in-law conflict and disagreements experienced by Chinese battered women, and investigates their association with intimate partner violence (IPV). Conflict between a daughterand mother-in-law seems to be a common phenomenon in Chinese families. Twenty-two Chinese women aged from 25 to 69 (M=41) who had experienced in-law conflict were interviewed in a refuge for battered women in Hong Kong. While most of the women experienced conflict with their mother-in-law, some interviewees were also abused by their sisters-in-law. Additionally, one case involved a daughterand father-in-law conflict and another case encompassed a son-and mother-inlaw conflict. From their experiences, some important aspects of conflict and disagreement between parentsand children-in-law were identified, including disputes over financial matters, conflicting lifestyles, battles over children, differences in gender role expectations and being a scapegoat of the husband. Using the analysis of narrative accounts of Chinese battered women, the effects of perceived Chinese culture and family dynamics on in-law conflict are studied. Implications of the study for prevention of, and intervention in, domestic violence, as well as future studies of IPV, are addressed.
Competitiveness: from a misleading concept to a strategy supporting Beyond GDP goals

Purpose – This paper aims to show how the term competitiveness has been applied and adapted since Michael Porter made it respectable in economics, strategic management and consulting. This paper connects the concept with new developments in the theory of the firm, theories of growth and, finally, with Beyond GDP literature. Design/methodology/approach – This paper distinguishes between input and output competitiveness, developing a set of indictors for both. Countries are ranked according to costs, structure and capabilities (drivers of competitiveness) as well as according to economic, social and ecological performance (performance pillars). Finally, outcome competitiveness is explained by the individual drivers, using econometrics and principal component analyses. Practical implications – Defining competitiveness as the ability of a country or nation to deliver Beyond GDP goals changes the policy conclusions drawn from the quest for competitiveness. Policies to reduce costs prove inferior relative to “high-road strategies” built on skills, innovation and supporting institutions. Ecological ambition and social investment are not costs, but enablers of competitiveness for high-income countries. Originality/value – Connecting the well-known term competitiveness with Beyond GDP goals is a new approach. It is very different from the old concept of cost competitiveness criticized heavily by Paul Krugman. Supplying a set of indicators to measure “low-road” and “high-road” competitiveness leads to important new policy conclusions.
Commonality in Liquidity in the Context of Different Trading Systems: Evidence from an Emerging Market

We offer hitherto unpublished evidence of the impact of different trading systems on commonality in liquidity from an emerging market i.e., The Amman Stock Exchange. We argue that the degree of responsiveness of individual stock’s liquidity to changes in market-wide liquidity will vary before and after the automation of a trading system, due to the differences in market structure. In general, the results show different sensitivities in the stock liquidity to changes in market-wide liquidity on both trading systems; the mean coefficient of concurrent market-wide liquidity on an electronic trading system is larger than that on a floor trading system. We also provide evidence on the existence of size effect in commonality. However, regardless of the size pattern revealed in commonality, the liquidity of firms in electronic trading system shows a stronger response to changes in market-wide liquidity. Finally, the results show the existence of commonality within the same industry, which is also stronger after the automation of a trading system. The above results imply that the floor trading system is less vulnerable to the information asymmetry problem.
The Proposal of Investigating the Possible Extraversion Effect in the Neurofeedback

Optimal cognitive functioning is an essential prerequisite of an effective learning. However, during the learning process, in addition to basic cognitive processes and abilities and from the perspective of intrapersonal factors, the personality of the learner significantly influences on his/her learning outcomes. Prior psychological research demonstrated significant differences in teaching methods and learning outcomes between people who have high and low levels of extraversion. This moderating effect of personality is especially visible in certain learning models, such as the operant conditioning. Taking into account the biological basis of cognition and personality, the question is whether it is possible that different personality traits have the effect on the operant conditioning of brainwaves (neurofeedback)? In other words, is it possible to explain the various neurofeedback training results by the moderation effect of personality traits, especially extraversion? Moreover, some critical validation studies have indicated that extraversion might be the cause of various findings on the effectiveness of neurofeedback, since it has not been controlled in these studies. Therefore, the main focus of this review is to present the research proposal for studying the possible extraversion effect in neurofeedback.