Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Police-recorded Assaults on Hospital Premises in New South Wales: 1996-2006

Between 1996 and 2006 in NSW, there was a 50 per cent increase in the number of police-recorded assaults occurring on hospital premises. Many features of hospital assaults remained stable across this time period. On any given day of the week, most hospital assaults occurred between 3-9pm. Both the person of interest (POI) and the victim were most often male, with the POI (average age of 32.0 years) slightly younger than the victim (average age of 35.9 years). In over two-thirds of all hospital assaults, the victim was previously unknown to the POI (i.e. stranger assaults). In situations where the POI and victim were unknown to each other, the victim was most often either a hospital staff member or police officer. In contrast, where the victim was either a patient or visitor, they were more likely to be assaulted by someone they knew (e.g. a friend or family member). However, from 1996 to 2006 there were also some notable changes, in particular a clear decrease in the proportion of recorded assaults that resulted in injuries to the victim, a significant increase in the number of mental health-related hospital assaults and a significant decrease in the proportion of alleged hospital assaults that resulted in legal proceedings.
Effect of all transretinoic acid in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Results of a multicenter randomized trial. European APL 91 Group

We designed a multicenter randomized trial comparing chemotherapy with daunorubicin-Ara C (chemotherapy group) and all transretinoic acid (ATRA) combined to the same chemotherapy (ATRA group) in newly diagnosed APL patients aged 65 years or less. The major endpoint of the study was event-free survival (EFS) (“events” being defined as failure to achieve complete remission [CR], occurrence of relapse, or death in CR). Early termination of the trial was decided after the first interim analysis, as EFS was significantly higher in the ATRA group. At the time, 101 patients had been randomized (54 in the ATRA group and 47 in the chemotherapy group). In the ATRA group, 49 (91%) patients achieved CR, 5 (9%) had early death, and 0 had resistant leukemia, compared with 38 (81%), 4 (8%), and 5 (10%) patients, respectively, in the chemotherapy group. The difference in CR rate between the two groups was not significant. The duration of coagulopathy was significantly reduced in the ATRA group, compared with the chemotherapy group. In the ATRA group, six patients relapsed after 7 to 15.5 months. In the chemotherapy group, 12 patients relapsed after 1 to 16 months, and 2 died in CR. Kaplan-Meier EFS was estimated at 79% +/- 7% and 50% +/- 9% at 12 months, respectively, in the ATRA and the chemotherapy group (P = .001). Kaplan-Meier estimate of relapse was 19% +/- 8% and 40% +/- 12% at 12 months (P = .005). In conclusion, ATRA followed by chemotherapy increases EFS in newly diagnosed APL. These results strongly suggest that ATRA should be incorporated in the front line therapy of newly diagnosed APL.
Porcine Repeat Element DNA: In Situ Detection of Xenotransplanted Cells

• Abstract — Using a digoxygenin-labelled D N A probe de­ rived from the porcine repeat element PRE-1, we have de­ veloped a protocol for the detection of transplanted porcine islets and hepatocytes against a background of murine host tissue. Analysis of this probe by Southern blotting indicated that PRE-1 hybridizes to pig genomic DNA but not to hu­ man or mouse DNA. On tissue sections, hybridizing probe was detected using alkaline phosphatase-conjugated antidigoxygenin antibody visualized with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3indolyl-phosphate/4-nitro-blue tetrazolium chloride (BCIP/ NBT) substrate. We have demonstrated sensitive and highly specific staining of porcine nuclei in fixed, paraffin embed­ ded tissue sections, and have applied the technique to detect porcine pancreatic islets and hepatocytes transplanted into murine kidney and spleen. Applications of this technique in­ clude detection of transplanted cells or organs across a va­ riety of xenogeneic barriers.
Muscular Tissue Engineering: Capillary-Incorporated Hybrid Muscular Tissues in Vivo Tissue Culture

D Abstract Requirements for a functional hybrid muscular tissue are 1) a high density ofmultinucleated cells, 2) a high degree of cellular orientation, and 3) the presence of a capillary network in the hybrid tissue. Rod-shaped hybrid muscular tissues composed of C2C12 cells (skeletal muscle myoblast cell line) and type I collagen, which were prepared using the centrifugal cell-packing method reported in our previous article, were implanted into nude mice. The grafts, comprised three hybrid tissues (each dimension, diameter, approximately 0.3 mm, length, approximately 1 mm, respectively), were inserted into the subcutaneous spaces on the backs of nude mice. All nude mice that survived the implantation were sacrificed at 1, 2, and 4 wk after the implantation. The grafts were easily distinguishable from the subcutaneous tissues of host mice with implantation time. The grafts increased in size with time after implantation, and capillary networks were formed in the vicinities and on the surfaces of the grafts. One week after implantation, many capillaries formed in the vicinities of the grafts. In the central portion of the graft, few capillaries and necrotic cells were observed. Mononucleated myoblasts were densely distributed and a low number of multinucleated myotubes were scattered. Two weeks after implantation, the formation of a capillary network was induced, resulting in the surfaces of the grafts being covered by capillaries. Numerous elongated multinucleated myotnbes and mononucleated myoblasts were densely distributed and numerous capillaries were observed throughout the grafts. Four weeks after implantation a dense capillary network was formed in the vicinities and on the surfaces of the grafts. In the peripheral portion of the graft, multinucleated myotnbes in the vicinities of the rich capillaries were observed. Thus, hybrid muscular tissues in vitro preconstructed was remodeled in vivo, which resulted in facilitating the incorporation of capillary networks into the tissues. © 1998 Elsevier Science Inc.
Cytokine serum levels in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade II-III treated with intralesional interferon-α 2b

Aims and background Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade II-III is being diagnosed in younger women and, because of the reproductive age range for women and the habits associated with a modern lifestyle, is now affecting a broad age range. Surgical treatment for CIN has been associated with premature amenorrhea, low birth weight, and premature labor and birth. It is therefore imperative to develop clinical treatments for CIN, such as conservative treatment with interferons. The object of the present study was to evaluate the behavior of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α, TGF β) in the serum of patients with an initial diagnosis of CIN II-III. Methods Ten patients with CIN-CIN II (60%, n = 6) and CIN III (40%, n = 4), 23 to 51 years of age and who had not received any prior treatments, were evaluated. The patients were given 3 million/UI (per cm2 of colposcopic lesion) of human recombinant IFN-α 2b by intralesional administration (18 applications on alternate days). Before treatment, in the 6th, 12th, and 18th applications, blood was collected from the patients for cytokine analysis using ELISA. Results Half of the patients had a good pathologic response; the other half, all of whom were smokers, had therapeutic failure. The average concentration of IL-12 (pg/ml) in the serum of patients who responded well to therapy was elevated from the 12th and 18th application of IFN-α 2b compared to patients who experienced therapeutic failure: 1804.0 ± 1020 vs 391.2 ± 722.3 and 1738.0 ± 2426.0 vs 448.5 ± 407.2, respectively, P <0.05. Conclusions CIN II-III treated with intralesional IFN-α 2b achieved a good response in non-smoking patients and was associated with an increase in IL-12 serum levels.
APPLICATION OF CONTRAST SENSITIVITY IN CLINICAL NEUROLOGY TOEPASSING VAN CONTRAST GEVOELIGHEID IN DE KLINISCHE NEUROLOGIE

"The shop seemed to be full of all manner of curious things-but the oddest part of it all was that, whenever she looked hard at any shelf, to make out exactly what it had on it, that particular shelf was always quite empty, though the others around it were crowded all full as they could hold". Some parts of this thesis were adapted for articles that have been or will be published. Spatial contrast sensitivity in unilateral cerebral ischaemic lesions involving the posterior visual pathway. Brain 1988, in press. Visual contrast sensitivity in drug-induced Parkinsonism. Spatial contrast sensitivity in patients with cerebral tumours.
A STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF IMPLEMENTING PATIENTS' RIGHTS WORKSHOP FOR MIDWIVES ON THE WOMEN'S VIEWPOINT ABOUT PARTURIENT RIGHTS RESPECT

همدقم : د لامتحا هک یرامش یب تلاکشم هب هجوت اب رادراب ناردام قوقح تیاعر و تامدخ تفایرد هب یرتشیب زاین ،دنوش لمحتم نامیاز و یرادراب نارود رد درا هبنج زا تسا نییاپ ناشقوقح تیاعر و ییامام تامدخ هئارا تیفیک زا ناردام یدنم تیاضر نازیم یدایز دودح ات و دنراد فلتخم یاه . فده اب هعلاطم نیا هامام یارب یشزومآ هاگراک ریثات یسررب تسا هتفرگ ماجنا هدرک نامیاز نانز هاگدید زا قوقح تیاعر نازیم رد ا . اه شور و داوم : دادعت اب هک دوب یبرجت همین عون زا هعلاطم 400 تروص دندوب هداد ماجنا یعیبط نامیاز امام طسوت هک وکام رجف ناتسرامیب رد هدرک نامیاز نز تفرگ . ب فده رب ینتبم یریگ هنومن شور هب دارفا تروص ه 200 و دهاش هورگ ناونع هب هدرک نامیاز نز 200 رامیب قوقح یشزومآ هاگراک لیکشت زا سپ وئاز دندش باختنا دروم هورگ ناونع هب اهامام یارب . هداد یروآ درگ رازبا رب لمتشم هتخاس دوخ همانشسرپ اه 25 دوب لاوس . اب هورگ ود زا هدمآ تسد هب تاعلاطا مرن همانرب زا هدافتسا یرازفا (ver 11) spss تفرگ رارق یرامآ لیلحت و هیزجت دروم . اه هتفای : دروم هورگ هاگدید زا داد ناشن اه هتفای 70 % ناور یقوقح دراوم و یعامتجا 89 % حطس رد یمسج قوقح » بوخ یلیخ « تسا هدش تیاعر . رد اهنت دهاش هورگ هاگدید زا هک یتروص 2 % یناور یقوقح دراوم رد یعامتجا و بوخ حطس 5 / 96 % دوب هدش تیاعر طسوتم حطس رد دراوم . فلاتخا هعلاطم نیا رد اب یراد ینعم یرامآ 001 / 0 P< یناور و یمسج قوقح تیاعر نازیم نیب تشاد دوجو دروم و دهاش هورگ رد ناردام هاگدید زا یعامتجا . تن و ثحب ي گ هج ي یر : نشآ و یشزومآ هاگراک یرازگرب داد ناشن اه هتفای نامیاز نانز قوقح تیاعر نازیم رب یتبثم ریثات رامیب قوقح اب نامیاز قاتا رداک یزاسا
NURSING INFORMATICS EDUCATION AND USE: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS IN NIGERIA

In order to function in the increasingly complex healthcare environment, every nurse is required to have basic computer competencies, be able to access, use and evaluate relevant nursing information and possess information management skills. Nurse Faculty, Nurse/Midwife educators are vested with the responsibility of producing the crop of nurses who have the capabilities to fit into the current trend of nursing practice. Literature has shown that comprehensive informatics content is lacking in the nursing curricular at all levels of nursing education in Nigeria. There is preponderance of evidence showing that training in NI is critical in the delivery of safe and quality patient care. This paper examines the current state of nursing informatics education and use in Nigeria and proffer solutions for its future expansion. It is recommended as follows: Nursing programme accrediting bodies in Nigeria (National University Commission [NUC] and Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria [NMCN] should modify their requirements to reflect the value of NI. NI should be incorporated into the nursing curricular at all levels. Nursing administrators such as Deans, Heads of Department, Director of Nursing Services and Principals as well as Nursing associations like National Association of Nigerian Nurses and Midwives [NANNM] and Nigerian Association of University Nursing Programme [NAUNP], should create opportunities for faculty members, Nurse/Midwife educators to develop knowledge & skills required to teach nursing informatics. Faculty members & Nurse/Midwife educators should acquire informatics training and advocate for curricular changes that incorporate informatics and collaborate with colleagues in the clinical settings to provide opportunities for nursing students to utilize informatics tools. KEY WORDS : Nursing informatics, Nursing informatics education, Competencies, Health informatics.
Isolation and Manipulation of Rostral Mesencephalic Tegmental Progenitor Cells from Rat

A technique for isolating mitotic progenitor cells from the embryonic rostral mesencephalon is described. Culture of the progenitor cells in complete media with subsequent staining for neuron specific enolase (NSE) revealed that only 0.6% of the cells were NSE immunoreactive. Coculturing the progenitor cells with established striatal cultures did not result in conversion of any of the cells to the dopamine neuron phenotype (tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive (THir) neurons). In contrast, co-culture of progenitor cells with established mesencephalic cultures produced a statistically significant, and in some cases (three of twelve), dramatic increase in the number of THir cells. The THir cells that were present had more pronounced process extension than those observed in mesencephalic mono-cultures. Culturing progenitor cells in transwell baskets that were continuously exposed to media but physically separated from established mesencephalic cultures growing underneath the baskets led to the conversion of only a few progenitor cells to THir neurons in four of twelve transwell studies suggesting that cell-cell contact between progenitor cells and mesencephalic cells is required for the conversion. This co-culture technique also increased the number of THir neurons in the mesencephalic cultures although the increase was not profound enough to explain the increase observed in traditional co-culture. These data suggest that mitotic progenitor cells can be isolated from fetal rat tissue and successfully converted to the dopamine neuron phenotype. Progenitor-mesencephalic co-culture appears to increase the number of THir cells in both tissue sources mediated in part by soluble factor(s) although cell-cell contact and presumably extracellular matrix proteins play a more substantial role. These progenitor cells may prove useful as a tissue source for transplantation procedures in Parkinson's disease.
Xanthogranulomatous inflammation in female pelvis: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is an unusual form of chronic inflammation that can present clinically with destructive or obstructive symptoms. It may also mimic malignancy at times. It is a rare entity as far as female genital tract is concerned. Histologically well characterized by a massive infiltration of the tissues by lipid-laden histiocytes, it usually poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for the clinician. We present here two interesting cases of the same, encountered by us. Case 1: A 42-year-old lady with history of intra-uterine device (IUD) in situ for 8 years presented with a picture of acute on chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). She was started on inpatient CDC regimen of PID. Despite this her symptoms persisted and based on high index of suspicion she was started empirically on anti-tubercular treatment (ATT). Three months later she presented again with similar complaints. Laparotomy picture was typical of abdominal tuberculosis and thus multiple biopsies were obtained. Histo-pathological report showed xanthogranulomatous inflammation. As there is no specific treatment for this condition, patient was continued with ATT. On three, six and twelve months follow up patient had been asymptomatic. Case 2: A 48 year old lady with history of vaginal hysterectomy 6 months ago presented with right sided hydro-uretero nephrosis. CT scan showed this was because of external compression caused by an adnexal mass measuring 5.8×3.9 cms. She underwent laparotomy with right oophorectomy. Right distal ureter was fibrotic so was excised and Boari flap was done. Histopathological diagnosis rendered was Xanthogranulomatous inflammation with abscess formation and chronic ureteritis with fibrosis. Xanthogranulomatous inflammation of the genital tract is enigmatic disorder of unknown etiology. Gynecologist should be aware of this entity whenever the clinical presentation is atypical and not fitting into a diagnosis, or when the patient is not responding to conventional treatment of PID. Early diagnosis and management is very important as it can cause tissue destruction or may lead to obstructive disasters.
Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnancy and Preeclampsia

Pre -eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal & foetal morbidity & mortality worldwide. There is a state of hypothyroxinemia in normal pregnancy, it is more pronounced in preeclampsia. Moreover hypothyroidism has been listed as one of the causes of high blood pressure. Few studies have showed the effect on TSH levels exposing pre- eclamptic patients to the risk for low birth weight babies. Our study investigates the functioning of thyroid gland in normal pregnancy and in preeclampsia. Study was conducted on 30 diagnosed patients of preeclampsia and 30 age and parity matched normotensive pregnant subjects. Blood samples from both the groups were assayed by CLIA (chemiluminescence immunoassay) system for Thyroxine (T4), Tri-iodothyronine (T3) & Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Comparison between both the groups was done by unpaired't' test . There was no significant difference in the T 4 & T3 levels in normal pregnancy and in pre-eclampsia. TSH levels in pre-eclampsia patients were increased significantly. The study shows significant increase in the TSH levels in pre-eclampsia than in normal pregnancy. The thyroid disorder is one of the predisposing causes for pre-eclampsia. Hence thyroid hormonal assay can be considered as a screening test for early diagnosis and treatment of pre-eclampsia to prevent further complications of it. Keywords: Preeclampsia, Thyroxine (T4), Tri-iodothyronine (T3), Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
For peer review only CD4+ cell count ≥200 cells/mm3 and Moderate Alcohol Consumption: Evidence of Protection against Coronary and other Arterial Disease Events in an 11$year Cohort of HIV$ infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy

word count: 276 words Text word count: 3264 words Funding sources: The ANRS CO8 (APROCO/COPILOTE) cohort is funded by ANRS (Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les hepatites virales) and CMIT (College des Universitaires de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales), which received research grants from Abbott, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Gilead Sciences,
Clinical Significance and Molecular Features of the Serrated Colorectal Cancer Pathway

• Any use you make of these documents or images must be for research or private study purposes only, and you may not make them available to any other person. • Authors control the copyright of their thesis. You will recognise the author's right to be identified as the author of this thesis, and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate. • You will obtain the author's permission before publishing any material from their thesis.
Effect of feeding patterns on growth and nutritional status of children aged 0-24 months: A Chinese cohort study

Objective This study was aimed to examine the effect of feeding patterns on growth and nutritional status of children aged 0~24 months. Methods We conducted a cohort study with an initial sample of 927 children. Considering the follow-up losses, 903, 897, 895, 897, 883, 827 and 750 children were followed up at 1, 3, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 months, respectively. Children were grouped according to exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) duration in the first 6 months: (1) never EBF; (2) EBF ≤ 3 months: EBF ≤ 3 months and stopped BF after 3 months or EBF ≤ 3 months and BF = 6 months or EBF ≤ 3 months and BF after 3 months, had formula and/or solids; (3) EBF for 3 ~ 6 months: BF < 3 months and EBF for 3 ~ 6 months or EBF for 3 ~ 6 months and BF < 3 months, had formula and/or solids; (4) EBF = 6 months. We used Z-scores to evaluate the growth and nutritional status of children, used the generalized estimation equation to compare the difference between feeding patterns. Results The generalized estimation equation results showed that Weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ), Length-for-age Z-score (LAZ), and Weight-for-length Z-score (WLZ) in different feeding patterns had statistical significance. The WAZ in EBF for 6 months group was higher in the first 8 months, in never EBF group was higher after 12 months old; the LAZ in EBF for 6 month group was lower than other groups; the WLZ in EBF for 6 months group was higher than EBF for 3 ~ 6 months group. The EBF ≤ 3 months group had higher underweight, stunting, and wasting rates. The EBF for 6 months had a higher stunting rate; the never EBF and EBF for 6 months groups had higher overweight and obesity rates. Conclusions In conclusion, different feeding patterns affect growth and nutritional status in children, so proper guidelines should be implemented to improve nutritional status and promote the growth of children.
Identification of Hypermutation and Defective Mismatch Repair in ctDNA from Metastatic Prostate Cancer

Purpose: DNA mismatch repair defects (MMRd) and tumor hypermutation are rare and under-characterized in metastatic prostate cancer (mPC). Furthermore, because hypermutated MMRd prostate cancers can respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors, there is an urgent need for practical detection tools. Experimental Design: We analyzed plasma cell-free DNA-targeted sequencing data from 433 patients with mPC with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) purity ≥2%. Samples with somatic hypermutation were subjected to 185 × whole-exome sequencing and capture of mismatch repair gene introns. Archival tissue was analyzed with targeted sequencing and IHC. Results: Sixteen patients (3.7%) had somatic hypermutation with MMRd etiology, evidenced by deleterious alterations in MSH2, MSH6, or MLH1, microsatellite instability, and characteristic trinucleotide signatures. ctDNA was concordant with mismatch repair protein IHC and DNA sequencing of tumor tissue. Tumor suppressors such as PTEN, RB1, and TP53 were inactivated by mutation rather than copy-number loss. Hotspot mutations in oncogenes such as AKT1, PIK3CA, and CTNNB1 were common, and the androgen receptor (AR)-ligand binding domain was mutated in 9 of 16 patients. We observed high intrapatient clonal diversity, evidenced by subclonal driver mutations and shifts in mutation allele frequency over time. Patients with hypermutation and MMRd etiology in ctDNA had a poor response to AR inhibition and inferior survival compared with a control cohort. Conclusions: Hypermutated MMRd mPC is associated with oncogene activation and subclonal diversity, which may contribute to a clinically aggressive disposition in selected patients. In patients with detectable ctDNA, cell-free DNA sequencing is a practical tool to prioritize this subtype for immunotherapy. See related commentary by Schweizer and Yu, p. 981