Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Object-Oriented Model of the Gregorian Calendar

Time is an important aspect of all real world entities; therefore, temporal information is crucial in many computer-based applications. Different types of time entities exist such as those representing points in time and those representing measurements of time. Extensive research activity on temporal models has been done but the Smalltalk community has not benefited enough from them. Smalltalk-80 provides the classes Date and Time to model time domain entities. These abstractions cover the basic needs of most programs, but they are not enough when complex observations about time have to be programmed. ANSI Smalltalk added the Duration and DateAndTime classes. Squeak augmented the model with the abstractions Timespan, Year, Month and Week. While the Squeak model provides abstractions to cover almost all the observations within the time domain when using the Gregorian calendar, it lacks some abstractions and it does not properly model the problem domain. In this paper, we present a new set of classes that model entities of the time domain using the Gregorian calendar based on a simple metaphor. This model proved to be very powerful and easy to use. It allows programmers to design and program time related issues better than current time domain implementations, and in a more natural way.
Quality of life assessment before and after a physical therapy intervention for urinary incontinence

Correspondence to: Mara Regina Knorst – Avenida Ipiranga, 6.681, Predio 12, sala 803 – CEP: 90619-900 – Porto Alegre (RS), Brasil – E-mail: mknorst@pucrs.br Presentation: jul. 2012 – Accepted for publication: jul. 2013 – Financing source: none – Conflict of interests: nothing to declare – Approval at the Ethics Committee n. 06/03194. AbstrAct | This quasi experimental study analyzed the influence of a physical therapy intervention on the quality of life (QoL) of women with urinary incontinence (UI) and its effectiveness for urinary loss. Took part in this study 55 women (35 to 87 years) with a clinical diagnosis of UI who underwent an anamnesis and had the function of their pelvic floor muscles (PFMF; bidigital test) and their QoL measured (King’s Health Questionnaire — KHQ). Up to 15 weekly sessions were carried out with endovaginal electrical stimulation and perineal exercises. Once the participants reported not losing urine or expressed the desire to stop the treatment, it was terminated, regardless of the number of sessions undertaken. After treatment, the bidigital test and the KHQ were repeated and the participants were asked if they considered themselves to be continent, satisfied with the treatment or not improved. Most participants were aged between 51 and 60 years, underwent vaginal delivery with episiotomy and had prolapse. Most had mixed UI, followed by stress UI. The situations when the urinary loss most commonly occurred were coughing and sneezing, which happened mostly in jets. There was a significant improvement in all of the KHQ domains, except the general health perception. After the intervention, 90.9% of the women said that they were continent or satisfied with the treatment. The physical therapy intervention resulted in improved QoL and it was effective for containing the urinary loss.
Clinico-demographic analysis and outcome of childhood thrombosis in a pediatric hematology-oncology unit: a single center experience.

Aim of the study: Thrombosis is rare in childhood with limited studies. Our retrospective study was designed to evaluate children with documented thrombotic events registered in our pediatric hematology -oncology unit over the last 3 years as regards clinical features, etiology, management and outcomes. Methods: Among 963 newly registered, 30 patients (16 females and 14 males, median age 4.5 years) with clinical and radiological evidence of thrombosis were identified. Data collection included clinical presentation, identifiable risk factors, thrombophilia screening, radiologic investigations, treatment and outcome. Results: Age at first thrombotic event was higher for patients with secondary than primary etiology (p=0.018). In 66.7% of patients, there was at least one identified risk for thrombosis, and cancer chemotherapy was the most frequent etiology. Inherited thrombophilia were proven in 13.3%. Secondary thrombophilia presented mostly with neurological symptoms (70%) while inherited thrombophilias with purpura fulminans (80%) (p=0.001). The recurrence was higher with primary (30%) compared to secondary Original Research Article British Journal of Medicine & Medical Research, 4(3): 873-882, 2014 874 thrombophilias (10%). Patients' outcome included neurologic deficit (26.7%), recurrence (16.7%), amputation (6.7%) and death (16.7%). Conclusion: Thrombosis secondary to an acquired risk factor occurred at older age, commonly presented by central thrombosis with no significant difference between primary and secondary thrombosis in the residual effects. Further studies are warranted to determine proper duration of anticoagulant therapy to prevent recurrence.
Learning and Optimization for Shape-based Representations. (Apprentissage et Optimization pour des Representations basées sur la Forme)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Learning and Optimization for Shape-based Representations Iasonas Kokkinos
Probability Judgment in Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems

Historically, the study of artificial intelligence has emphasized symbolic rather than numerical computation. In recent years, however, the practical needs of expert systems have led to an interest in the use of numbers to encode partial confidence. There has been some effort to square the use of these numbers with Bayesian probability ideas, but in most applications not all the inputs required by Bayesian probability analyses are available. This difficulty has led to widespread interest in belief func- tions, which use probability in a looser way. It must be recognized, however, that even belief functions require more structure than is provided by pure production systems. The need for such structure is inherent in the nature of probability argument and cannot be evaded. Probability argument re- quires design as well as numerical inputs. The real challenge probability poses to artificial intelligence is to build systems that can design probability arguments. The real challenge artificial intelligence poses to statistics is to explain how statisticians design probability arguments.
Utilization of insecticide treated nets against malaria among pregnant women in Southern Nigeria

Malaria remains one of the most important causes of maternal and child morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan African, despite the availability of effective intervention. Pregnant women are susceptible to symptomatic malaria due to the invasion of the placenta by Plasmodium. There are public health endeavours in promoting use of insecticide treated nets (ITNS), but there is dearth of data on effectiveness of such endeavour. This narrative review looks briefly at the historical background of use of ITNS against malaria, Government policy and program evaluation process on free ITNS for vulnerable groups, relevance of knowledge in use of insecticide treated nets among pregnant mothers, and the role of attitude and practice on effective use of ITNS in prevention of malaria. There is evidence that relatively few people in high-risk regions access and use ITNS. The low utilization of ITNs attributable to perceived cost, inability to adjust to size of the beds, and side-effects heat and ventilation when slept under it.
Pneumatic buckle for the repair of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

OBJECTIVES: This prospective study examines the effectiveness of the pneumatic buckle procedure (nondrainage scleral buckle with pneumatic retinopexy) for repair of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. METHODS: We studied 58 consecutive patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments who underwent a pneumatic buckle with air or SF 6 . The procedures were performed at 2 centers. Retinal reattachment and visual acuity were examined. RESULTS: The single operation reattachment rate for patients undergoing a pneumatic buckle procedure was 95%. Eighty eight percent of patients with macula-on detachment had unchanged or improved final visual acuity. Sixty seven percent of patients with macula-off detachments had a final visual acuity between 20/20 and 20/50. Twenty nine percent had final visual acuity between 20/60 and 20/200. Two patients developed a new retinal hole postoperatively. CONCLUSION : Pneumatic buckle is an effective technique for repair of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments caused by breaks in the superior 8 o'clock segment. This technique avoids the complications associated with the drainage portion of the traditional scleral buckle operation and results in a high rate of retinal reattachment and stable or improved visual acuity. The rate of new retinal hole formation in this study is much lower than those reported for pneumatic retinopexy.
Suicide exposure, awareness and attitudes in college students

Abstract Objective: To determine experiences about suicide and those affected by it and to determine students’ attitudes, perceptions, and behavioral intentions about suicide prevention resources. Participants: 117 students (62% female, 63% undergraduate). Methods: 1000 randomly-selected students were emailed a request to complete an online survey. Results: The experience of knowing someone who has attempted or died by suicide is common for college students — 65% reported they knew someone who attempted or died by suicide. About 21.5% endorsed being ‘suicide survivors,’ Personally affected’ by a suicide. Undergraduate students were more likely than graduate students to see suicide as preventable. Most respondents are aware people who are suicidal show warning signs. Conclusions: Students on a college campus are likely to be exposed to suicides and suicide attempts. Supports for people exposed to suicidal behavior, targeted messaging to specific groups of students and gatekeeper training with students overall is needed on campuses.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Zoledronic Acid and Amifostine on Radiation-induced Bone Loss in Mice

Background: This study investigated the effects of zoledronic acid (ZA) on radiation-induced bone loss in C3H/HeN mice. Materials and Methods: C3H/HeN mice were divided into sham control and three irradiated groups (3 Gy, gamma ray). The irradiated mice were treated for 12 weeks with vehicle, amifos-tine (intraperitoneal injection), or ZA (subcutaneous injection). Grip strength, uterus weight, and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) levels were measured. Tibiae were analyzed using micro-computed tomography. Results and Discussion: Treatment of ZA (100 μ g·kg -1 ·week -1 ) significantly preserved trabecular bone volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, trabecular separation, bone mineral density of proximal tibia metaphysic, and cortical bone volume, but did not alter the uterus weight of the mice. The administration of ZA for 12 weeks lowered serum ALP and TRAP levels in irradiated mice, suggesting that ZA can reduce the bone turnover rate in mice. No differences were apparent between the amifostine-treated group and the irradiation control group. Conclusion: The results indicate that ZA can prevent radiation-induced bone loss in mice.
Embodying knowledge of teaching public health

Recent UK health policies have identified nurses as key contributors to public health strategies to reduce health inequalities, on the assumption that all nurses understand and wish to contribute to the public health agenda. Following the policy shift, public health content within pre-registration nursing curricula increased. Public health nurse educators come from varying backgrounds, and some had limited formal public health training or involvement in or understanding of policy required to contribute effectively to it. However, their knowledge of this subject, their understanding and interpretation of how it could be taught, was not fully understood.
In Step with the Times: Mapiko Masquerades of Mozambique

* List of Illustrations * Acknowledgments * Note on Language * Introduction: Rhythms of Change * Part One Directions * Chapter 1: The War of Sexes The Colonial Library and Its Afterlife * Chapter 2: Passage, Secrecy, Rivalry An Excursion into Anthropological Theory * Part Two Cosmopolitanism (1917--62) * Chapter 3: Meat Is Meat Modernism in the Aftermath of Slavery * Chapter 4: Masters of Play Late-Colonial Aesthetics and Practice * Chapter 5: Lowland Nights Ambivalence in the Face of Death * Chapter 6: Migrant Tunes On the Threshold of Nationalism * Part Three Revolution (1962--92) * Chapter 7: Ten Years of War Shaping the People * Chapter 8: Youth Power Villages, Festivals, and Rivals * Chapter 9: Faceless Spirits The Rise and Fall of Feminist Masquerades * Part Four After Socialism (1992--2009) * Chapter 10: Don't Go Astray Democracy and Disorder * Chapter 11: Puppets and Machetes Boys in a Wild World * Epilogue: Resurrections * Notes * Glossary of Shimakonde Terms * Mapiko Genres and Other Dance Genres * Makonde Drums and Other Musical Instruments * Bibliography * Index
El impacto de los social media en la política y las administraciones públicas

Els anomenats social media –les eines d’Internet que permeten crear i difondre informacio en xarxes i comunitats virtuals, com p.e. , Twitter, Facebook o Pinterest– han revolucionat les pautes d’acces i difusio de la informacio. Aparentment, aquests mitjans tenen un potencial disruptiu o trencador respecte a la situacio anterior, caracteritzada per l’oligopoli informatiu d’unes poques empreses propietaries dels mitjans de comunicacio de masses. Avui, en canvi, qualsevol usuari d’Internet pot deixar de ser un simple receptor d’informacio per convertir-se en un node actiu capac de generar i compartir continguts dins la xarxa. L’expansio d’Internet en els darrers anys i la facilitat d’us que ha significat l’entorn web 2.0 no han fet res mes que accentuar aquest potencial. Aixo esta suposant un proces de redistribucio del poder entre diferents actors socials i politics (governs, empreses, administracions, partits politics, mitjans de comunicacio, etc.), i la configuracio d’un nou sistema comunicatiu, on regeixen nous codis i regles de joc. Les implicacions d’aquesta transformacio en el camp de la politica son multiples. Aquests mitjans dibuixen un nou espai public on es forma i es propaga l’opinio publica, es vehicula el debat i el conflicte politic, i s’articulen les dinamiques d’accio col·lectiva. Nomes cal pensar, per exemple, el paper que han jugat les xarxes socials en l’emergencia de mobilitzacions politiques o en el sorgiment de nous partits politics.
Towards persistent visual navigation using SMART

In this paper, we present SMART (Sequence Matching Across Route Traversals): a vision- based place recognition system that uses whole image matching techniques and odometry information to improve the precision-recall performance, latency and general applicability of the SeqSLAM algorithm. We evaluate the system’s performance on challenging day and night journeys over several kilometres at widely varying vehicle velocities from 0 to 60 km/h, compare performance to the current state-of- the-art SeqSLAM algorithm, and provide parameter studies that evaluate the effectiveness of each system component. Using 30-metre sequences, SMART achieves place recognition performance of 81% recall at 100% precision, outperforming SeqSLAM, and is robust to significant degradations in odometry.
A comparative analysis of accessibility measures by the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method

ABSTRACT The recent decade has witnessed a new wave of development in the place-based accessibility theory, revolving around the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method. The 2SFCA method, initially serving to evaluate the spatial inequity of health care services, has been further applied to other urban planning and facility access issues. Among these applications, different distance decay functions have been incorporated in the thread of model development, but their applicability and limitations have not been thoroughly examined. To this end, the paper has employed a place-based accessibility framework to compare the performance of twenty-four 2SFCA models in a comprehensive manner. Two important conclusions are drawn from this analysis: on a small analysis scale (e.g., community level), the catchment size is the most critical model component; on a large analysis scale (e.g., statewide), the distance decay function is of elevated importance. In sum, this comparative analysis provides the theoretical support necessary to the choice of the catchment size and the distance decay function in the 2SFCA method. Justification of model parameters through empirical evidence (e.g., field surveys about local travel activities) and model validation through sensitivity analysis are needed in future 2SFCA applications for various urban planning, service delivery, and spatial equity scenarios.
Elder Abuse: Expert and Public Perspectives on Its Meaning

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to gain greater precision in the classification and definition of elder abuse by comparing the perspectives of the general public to that of a panel of elder mistreatment experts. Personal interviews were conducted with 944 randomly selected adults using two scales developed from the expert's taxonomy and definition of elder abuse. Although there was a high degree of agreement between the public and the experts, there were also some areas of disagreement. These findings are the basis for the refinement of the expert panel's taxonomy and definition of elder abuse.
HADRIAN’S ARCHES FROM ROMAN PERIOD, JORDAN: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

This article provides a study of Hadrian arches from three main locations: Jordan, Turkey, and Greece. Collectively within these countries, four arches have been found the Hadrian arch at Jerash (Gerasa) in Jordan, the Hadrian arch in Antalya and Ephesus, both in Turkey, and the Hadrian arch in Athens, Greece. The units of our analysis include all the different designs and plans used in constructing these arches. The analyzed design and planning units constitute a database that enables the identification of similarities and differences between these four arches. The study included is descriptions of the arches, which are then compared with one another. Although many can be found from the time of the Roman Emperors in the Eastern and Western Roman Provinces. It is generally considered that the Hadrian Period is one of the more important Roman periods, something evident through that period’s architectural elements and decorations. Though we only find the Hadrian’s Arches at four locations, there are many locations where we can find such Hadrian building as baths or theaters, and others coming from the time of this emperor’s reign. This article has examined the architectural elements and decorations found on the Hadrian’s Arches, as well as other buildings dating from the Roman period, both in the Near East and elsewhere.
Student satisfaction with learning management systems: A growth model of belief and use

Learning management systems (LMSs) have been launched in universities and other schools. However, because the use of such technology in schools is relatively new in the blended context, it is essential to understand whether students will accept and continue to use it. In this study, longitudinal latent growth modelling was used to examine the relationship between changes to LMS use and belief, and satisfaction with LMS among 1179 students, mostly between 12 and 13 years old, from 25 Hong Kong schools. Both LMS use and belief had positive linear growth over time. We observed individual differences in the students' initial level of belief and the rate at which their belief changed. In addition, individual differences in the students' initial level of LMS use were observed. However, there were no individual differences in their rate of change for LMS use. The initial level of belief and increased LMS use were directly associated with system and learning satisfaction with LMS. Changes to LMS use mediated the relationship between changes to beliefs and system and learning satisfaction with LMS. Practitioner NotesWhat is already known about this topic Extensive studies of technology acceptance have been conducted taking a cross‐sectional approach.Previous technology acceptance studies are focused on users in organisations or students in higher education.Technology acceptance studies explored users' continuance technology use as the extension of initial acceptance, and a set of determinants have been established to predict and explain users' acceptance and continued use of technologies, and user satisfaction.What this paper adds A growth model of belief and use to explore the dynamic changes of LMS belief and use and how they impact on satisfaction was proposed.The model was tested by a three‐wave longitudinal survey data set, which is a random sample that covered diverse academic ability levels of junior secondary students from 25 schools in Hong Kong.This study would make a significant contribution towards a better understanding about students' acceptance and continuance of LMS and e‐learning technology.Implications for practice and/or policy Facilitating students to form positive LMS/e‐learning beliefs is critical to ensure satisfaction and the continuance use of LMS/e‐learning technologies.It is important for teachers and system designers to put more effort towards supporting students' belief in perceived ease of use, so that they would find LMS easy to use.Teachers should endeavour to create positive LMS use experiences and encourage more frequent use of the LMS for different learning tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] uracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Re-visiting the need for High Security Psychiatric Hospitals in England

High Security Psychiatric Hospitals (HSPHs) have long been the subject of critical debate clinically, academically and in the national press. There have been a number of calls for these institutions to be closed, but no answers to the obvious question of what should happen to the patients who are detained there, and no service infrastructure in place to accommodate them if they were to be transferred. A number of previous studies have sought to describe distinct groups of patients detained in the HSPHs, usually reporting figures applicable to particular catchment areas (e.g. Cohen, Dolan, Halstead, Cassidy, Highet and Eastman, 1993; Murray, Rudge, Lack and Dolan, 1994; Shaw, McKenna, Snowden et al., 1994) or cross sectional samples of selected patients in the three HSPHs (e.g. Maden, Curle, Meux, Burrow and Grunn, 1995). Generalizability from these studies has been limited by sample size and inconsistent methods of assessment. Despite these shortfalls two consistent findings are apparent from the literature: (1) that a substantial number of the patients in the three HSPHs do not require continued detention there; and (2) that there has been a distinct lack of alternative The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology