Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Running head : CONTINUITY IN HOME HEALTH CARE 1 CONTINUITY OF NURSING CARE IN HOME HEALTH AND ITS EFFECT ON HOSPITAL READMISSION : A

Use of home health care (HHC) has burgeoned in recent years. This is largely a response to demographic shifts such as an aging population, rising health care costs, and the availability of technology that makes the home a more viable setting of care delivery (Landers et al., 2016). Investment in HHC has also grown, as expenditure on HHC is expected to exceed $150 billion by 2021 (Parker, Zimmerman, Rodriguez, & Lee, 2014). Two major indicators of care quality are 30-day acute hospital readmissions (AHRs) and nursing care continuity (CC), and sources in the literature indicate a connection between the level of CC and this clinical outcome (David & Kim, 2018). It is the purpose of this project to examine any relationship between these two quality indicators. The theoretical framework applied in this project is King’s Theory of Goal Attainment, which examines the interactions at three systems levels in order to guide care improvement and promote patient health (King, 1992). A retrospective study design was used in this project, and charts at a local HHC agency were reviewed to determine levels of CC for a high-risk patient sample. The comparative risk of AHRs for patients with varying levels of CC was done using binary logistic regression. Results of the project include a significantly reduced odds of readmission as COCI increased by increments of 0.1 (aOR=3.02 95% CI=1.016-8.97, p=.047). Neither continuity groups nor demographic variables had a significant effect, however. This initial research serves to validate continuity as a crucial quality measure.
Supplementation of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles has Beneficial Effects on Intestinal Morphology in Broiler Chicken

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: February 04, 2017 May 08, 2017 May 19, 2017 May 31, 2017 The current study was aimed to investigate the effects of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZONP) supplementation on histomorphometry of small intestine and cecal tonsil in broilers. A total of 100, day-old chicks were randomly divided into four groups with five replicas per group, each having five birds. Birds were administered control (Basal diet), 80mg Zinc oxide (80ZnO), 40mg Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (40 ZONP), and 80mg Zinc oxide nanoparticles (80 ZONP)/kg diet for 35 days. The results showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in villus height (VH), and villus surface area (VSA) in all parts of small intestine of 40 ZONP supplemented birds. The villus width (VH) and villus height:crypt depth ratio (VH:CD) was also high (P<0.05) in duodenum and jejunum of 40 ZONP supplemented birds. In jejunum, the VH, VW, VSA and VH:CD were also increased (P<0.05) in 80 ZONP. The total goblet cell (GC) count was higher (P<0.05) in all three parts of small intestine in 40 ZONP group. However, GC containing acid mucin increased (P<0.05) in jejunum and ileum while GC containing mixed mucins increased (P<0.05) in duodenum and ileum of 40 ZONP group. In addition, GC containing acidic and mixed mucin and total GC count was also high in ileum of 80 ZONP group. The length, width, area and total number of lymphatic nodules of caecal tonsils were higher (P<0.05) in 40 ZONP. Supplementation of ZNOP at the dose rate of 40mg is a considerable feed additive for poultry with beneficial effects on intestinal and caecal tonsils micro architectural changes. ©2017 PVJ. All rights reserved
Effect of meloxicam co-treatment on pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone in sheep.

In the present study, effect of meloxicam co-treatment on pharmacokinetic parameters of ceftriaxone (CTRX) was investigated in sheep. Plasma CTRX concentration in meloxicam co-treated animals (G-II) remained higher than in animals given CTRX alone (G-I). Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that regression coefficient for distribution phase (α), half-life of distribution phase (t1/2α), rate of drug diffusion from peripheral to central compartment (K12), elimination rate constant from central compartment (Kel) and periphera/central compartment drug concentration ratio (P/C) did not differ significantly between the two groups. In G-II, volume of distribution in area under curve (Vdarea)and total body clearance (ClB) were lower, while area under the plasma concentration (AUC) curve was higher than G-I. Comparatively higher value of P/C ratio suggested higher tissue CTRX concentration in G-II. It can be concluded that meloxicam co-treatment enhances the plasma concentration as well as tissue distribution of ceftriaxone.
Computationally , tone is di ff erent *

This paper establishes that unbounded circumambient processes, phonological processes for which crucial information in the environment may appear unboundedly far away on both sides of a target, are common in tonal phonology, but rare in segmental phonology. It then argues that this typological asymmetry is best characterised by positing that tone is more computationally complex than segmental phonology. The evidence for the asymmetry is based around attestations of unbounded tonal plateauing, but it is also shown how the ‘sour-grapes’ harmony pathology is unbounded circumambient. The paper argues that such processes are not weakly deterministic, which contrasts with previous typological work on segmental phonology. Positing that weak determinism bounds segmental phonology but not tonal phonology thus captures the typological asymmetry. It is also discussed why this explanation is superior to any offered by Optimality Theory.
Signal-to-noise ratio in university lecture halls with low intelligibility

Speech intelligibility plays a key role in determining the quality of verbal communication. It depends on the acoustic characteristics of the room and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Background noise has three main components: HVAC noise, anthropic noise (student activity) and external activities noise, each of them with different noise spectra. In this work, measurements taken with a sound level meter during lectures in university classrooms are analysed using advanced statistical techniques in order to detect and separate the various components which contribute to background noise. The same statistical techniques are used to characterize the speech level too, i.e. the signal in the SNR. From the raw data collected with a sound level meter, an asymmetrical distribution is built. Then four statistical techniques are applied: percentile levels, Gaussian mixture model based on peak detection, blind Gaussian mixture model and blind k-means clustering. Results are compared and discussed, highlighting the pros and cons of each technique.
Effects of stress-induced depression and antidepressant drugs on CA3 region of hippocampus in adult albino rats

Introduction: Hippocampus is the most extensively studied part of the brain in recent years. The connections of the hippocampus are extensive and very complicated, covering lots of functions in the body. The aim of the study is to find out the effect of stress-induced depression in the CA3 region of the hippocampus and also to see the effect of antidepressants for the reversal of changes in the similar area. Material and Methods: The study conducted on adult albino rats weighing 200–250 g. The study involved 50 albino rats and divided into five groups. The first group was control of ten rats and received water and food ad libitum, and the second group was experimental having two subtypes E1 and E2 receiving 4 weeks and 7 weeks immobilization with ten rats each, respectively. The third is treatment group which has two subtypes T1 and T2 for 4- and 7-week treatment by fluoxetine drug (1 mg/kg body weight orally) with ten rats each, respectively. The animals sacrificed after the experiment, perfused with 10% formaldehyde, brains dissected, and tissue blocks processed for paraffin embedding. Observations were made on 5-μ thick H and E-stained sections. Estimation of neuronal density of CA3 regions performed using Motic Images Plus 2.0 software (Hong Kong China). Results: Neuronal density was markedly reduced (98.7 ± 6.1 cells/cubic mm) in acute depression and 66.3 ± 4.8 cells/cubic mm in chronic depression group, respectively, as compared to control (124.5 ± 7.2 cells/cubic mm). The density improved after giving drug treatment. Neuronal density was 111.2 ± 9.6 cells/cubic mm and 92.3 ± 5.5 cells/cubic mm in 4- and 7-weeks treatment, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: These results suggested that neurodegenerative effects of depression on the hippocampus, which is reversed by giving antidepressant drug.
Exploring effectiveness of mass drug administration program against lymphatic filariasis in Raichur district, Karnataka

BACKGROUND: Lymphatic filariasis is one of the oldest and most debilitating neglected tropical diseases known to humankind. In India, around 630 million people are at risk of lymphatic filariasis. Mass drug administration (MDA) program against lymphatic filariasis is a strategy adopted by the Government of India to eliminate this scourge by breaking the chain of transmission of disease. AIMS: The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of MDA program. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This cross-sectional study was conducted across four clusters (three rural and one urban) spread over three endemic talukas of Raichur district, Karnataka, in October 2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Multistage random sampling was used to select the clusters. Sixty houses in each of the selected clusters were surveyed. Information on coverage, compliance, directly observed treatment, reasons for non-consumption, source of information on MDA and adverse drug reactions were collected using pretested structured pro-forma by interview technique. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Descriptive statistical measures such as percentages, mean, and standard deviation were applied. Inferential statistical tests such as Chi-square test and Z-test were applied. RESULTS: Among the 240 households visited, a total of 1222 persons were identified as beneficiaries for MDA program. Among the beneficiaries, 617 (50.5%) were male and 605 (49.5%) were female. About 25.12% of the beneficiaries were under 15 years of age. Only 1147 (93.9%) of the total eligible beneficiaries had received diethylcarbamazine and albendazole tablets as part of the MDA program. The compliance rate was 87.2%. The coverage and compliance rates were significantly higher in rural areas compared to urban area. CONCLUSIONS: Raichur district has attained a higher level of coverage and compliance for MDA, but the difference in these indicators between rural and urban areas is a disturbing phenomenon, which has to be addressed through intensive behavior change communication strategy.
Patterns of dental problems and time gap in utilization of dental services by patients visiting a dental college in North Kerala

Introduction: Access to dental services is generally regarded as a necessary condition for achieving population-level oral health and well-being. Oral diseases are largely preventable by regular home oral care and preventive dental visits which help in the early detection and treatment of oral diseases. Aim: The objective was to assess the patterns of dental problems and time gap in utilizing dental services. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on outpatients who visited Century Dental College, Kasaragod, Kerala, for duration of 6 months from July 2017 to December 2017. The data were collected from medical records from the outpatient department. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 2593 cases were analyzed. The mean age was 35.66 ± 13.2 years. The most common dental problem reported was decayed teeth (29.3%) followed by dental pain (23.5%) and deposits on teeth (14.4%). Only 3.98% of the patients visited immediately the next day as soon as they noticed black discoloration and/or informed about their decayed tooth. Males reportedly approached the college more than females for most of the chief complaints except for replacement of missing teeth. Conclusions: The most common dental problem reported was decayed teeth followed by dental pain and deposits on teeth. Only 3.77% of the patients reported for a routine dental checkup. Twelve percent of patients reported immediately the next day after experiencing dental pain. Most of the participants visit a dentist only if they had a problem.
Awareness of forensic odontology among undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate dental students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A knowledge-, attitude-, and practice-based study

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of forensic odontology among undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate dental students at Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional, institution-based survey study conducted among 400 dental students, which included 220 undergraduates, eighty interns, sixty graduates, and forty postgraduates aged, between 18 and 28 years. A self-administered structured questionnaire written in English and Arabic language was given to all willing student participants. Questionnaire included KAP criteria based along with demographic data. Statistical data were analyzed using Chi-square test. Results: Seventy-five percent of postgraduates, 42% of graduates, and 40.9% of the undergraduates were aware that teeth serve as a source of DNA. Ninety-five percent of the participants were aware that forensic dentistry helps to investigate criminals and dead persons. About 72% of the undergraduates and 77.5% of postgraduates were aware that forensic odontology helps in identification of deceased person's age and gender in mass disasters using dental records. About 62.73% of the undergraduates were unaware of the job opportunities in forensic dentistry in Saudi Arabia and 97.5% of the participants revealed that forensic dentistry was not included as part of the curriculum in undergraduate and postgraduate dental courses. About 93.2% of the undergraduate and 83.4% of graduate dental students agreed that they lack knowledge about forensic dentistry. Conclusion: Our study revealed inadequate knowledge, poor attitude, and lack of practice of forensic odontology among undergraduate and graduate dental students than the postgraduates.
A study to assess the relationship between stigma and expressed emotion among the primary care givers of persons with schizophrenia attending outpatient department of Lokopriyo Gopinath Bordoloi Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur

Background: Mental illness is a condition that impacts a person's thinking, feeling or mood and may affect his or her ability to relate to others and function on a daily basis. Among various types of mental illnesses schizophrenia is common disorder affecting approximately 1% of any given adult population. Stigma surrounding schizophrenia restraints the patient and family members to access the treatment facilities and type of support they need to manage their illness. It can also disturb the family environment which can often give rise to expressed emotion. Expressed emotion refers to a global index of particular emotions, attitudes and behaviours expressed by relatives of a family member diagnosed with schizophrenia. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between stigma and expressed emotion among the primary care givers of persons with schizophrenia. Materials and Methods: Descriptive co relational research design was used. The sample comprised of 60 primary caregivers of persons with schizophrenia attending OPD of LGBRIMH, Tezpur which was selected by using purposive sampling technique. Two standardized tool (Stigma subscale of Family Interview Schedule and Family Attitude Scale) and socio demographic data sheet was used for patient and primary care giver. Results: Finding showed majority of the sample i.e. 65% (n = 39) obtained the stigma score below 10.83 (mean score) and only 35% (n = 21) obtained the stigma score above10.83 (mean score). This finding showed that majority of the primary care givers has low stigma having a patient with psychiatric illness in their family. It was also showed that majority of the sample i.e. 66.7% have obtained expressed emotion score below 29.68 (mean score) and 33.3% have obtained expressed emotion score above 29.68 (mean score). This finding showed that the majority of the primary care givers has low expressed emotion towards a family member having schizophrenia. There was significant positive correlation found between stigma and expressed emotion among the primary care givers of persons with schizophrenia (calculated value was found to be 0.587 which was higher than the tabulated value at 0.01 level of significance). Conclusion: It showed that if stigma increases, the expressed emotion among the primary care givers towards the patient also increases.
Rectal Microbiota Associated With Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections in Men Having Sex With Other Men

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) represent the most common agents of sexually transmitted rectal infections among men having sex with other men (MSM). In this study, we assessed the bacterial composition of the rectal microbiota associated with CT and/or NG infections in a cohort of men reporting unsafe rectal intercourse. A total of 125 rectal swabs were collected and four groups were compared: non-infected subjects (n = 53), patients with CT (n = 37), or NG rectal infection (n = 17) and patients with contemporary positivity for CT/NG (n = 18). CT and NG infections were detected by a real-time commercial test and the rectal microbiota composition was analyzed from rectal swabs through sequencing of the hypervariable V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene. The rectal microbiota of all subgroups was dominated by Prevotellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Ruminococcaceae families. Irrespective of the analyzed subgroup, we found that the rectal environment of all the enrolled MSM was rich in Prevotella and Escherichia genera. Moreover, a shift in the bacterial composition between patients with sexually transmitted rectal infections and controls was noticed: infected patients were characterized by a depletion of Escherichia species, associated with an increase of anaerobic genera, including Peptoniphilus, Peptostreptococcus, and Parvimonas. Overall, the presence of rectal symptoms did not significantly modify the rectal microbiota profiles among the four groups of analyzed patients. We confirmed that HIV-positive patients are characterized by a lower bacterial richness than HIV-negative subjects. However, we found that the presence of HIV has a different impact on bacterial rectal communities compared to CT and NG infections, modifying the relative abundance of several genera, including Gardnerella, Lactobacillus, Corynebacterium, and Sutterella. Information about the rectal microbiota composition in CT and NG infections could shed light on the pathogenesis of these conditions and could contribute to the onset of new strategies for their control.
Climate of Hate: Similar Correlates of Far Right Electoral Support and Right-Wing Hate Crimes in Germany

Since 2015, far right parties drawing heavily on radical anti-refugee rhetoric gained electoral support in Germany while the number of political hate crimes targeting refugees rose. Both phenomena – far right electoral support and prevalence of right-wing hate crimes – have theoretically and empirically been linked with socio-structural and contextual variables. However, systematic empirical research on these links is scattered and scarce at best. We combine official statistics on political hate crimes targeting refugees in Germany and far right electoral support of the far right party “Alternative für Deutschland” (AfD) in the German national elections 2017 with socio-structural variables (proportion of foreigners and unemployment rate) and survey data collected in a representative survey (N = 1,506) in 2016. We aggregate and combine data for all German municipalities except Berlin which were the level of analysis for the current study. In path analyses, we find socio-structural variables to be unrelated with each other but significantly correlated with both criterion variables in a systematic fashion: proportion of foreigners was negatively while unemployment rate was positively linked with far right electoral support. Right-wing crime was linked positively with unemployment rate across Germany and positively with proportion of foreigners only in East Germany while proportion of foreigners was unrelated to right-wing crime in West Germany. When including survey measures into the model, they were linked with socio-structural variables in the predicted fashion – intergroup contact correlated positively with proportion of foreigners, collective deprivation correlated positively with unemployment rates, and both predicted extreme right-wing attitudes. However, their contribution to the explained variance in outcome variables above and beyond socio-structural variables was neglectable. We argue that both far right-wing electoral support and right-wing hate crime can be conceptualized as behavioral forms of political extremism shaped through socio-structural and contextual factors and discuss implications for preventing political extremism.
Simulation of Long-Term Changes of the Equilibrium Line Altitude in the Central Chilean Andes Mountains Derived From Atmospheric Variables During the 1958–2018 Period

Annual variability and trends of the Equilibrium Line Altitude (ELA) in the Andes mountains can be studied using the annual average of the 0°C isotherm altitude (ZIA) and the annual precipitation accumulation in mountains areas. Carrasco et al. (2005, 2008) obtained the ELA along the western side of the Andes from about 18°S to 55°S, using the radiosonde data from the Chilean areological stations located at Antofagasta (23°26° S, 70°26°W; northern region), Quintero/Santo Domingo (32°47°S, 71°33°W / 33°38°S, 71°18°W; central region), Puerto Montt (41°26°S, 73°07°W, southern region) and Punta Arenas (53°00°S, 70°07°W; austral region). These data along with the annual precipitation in the mountains allowed inferring the ELA behaviour at the corresponding latitudinal location for the 1958-2006 period. Here, the study is restricted to the central Chilean Andes between 30o and 38oS and update the analysis until 2017. Results revealed an overall increase in elevation of the ELA of ~115.1 m (p<0.1), during the 1958-2017 period, but most of the increment occurred after the 1976/77 climate shift. A significant increase of ~369.6 m (p<0.05) took place between 2000 and 2017, mainly due to the megadrought that has been affecting the central and southern Chile since 2010.
Housing and children's development and wellbeing: a scoping study

This material was produced with funding from the Australian Government and the Australian States and Territories. AHURI Ltd gratefully acknowledges the financial and other support it has received from the Australian, State and Territory governments, without which this work would not have been possible. AHURI comprises a network of universities clustered into Research Centres across Australia. Research Centre contributions, both financial and in-kind, have made the completion of this report possible.