Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mouse (Mus musculus) stocks derived from tropical islands: new models for genetic analysis of life‐history traits

Abstract Founder effects, together with access to unoccupied ecological niches, may allow rodent populations on isolated islands to evolve constellations of life‐history traits that distinguish them from their mainland relatives, for example in body size, litter size, and longevity. In particular, low intrinsic mortality risks on islands with reduced predator numbers and not subject to harsh winter climates may in principle support the development of stocks with extended longevity. Conversely, the conditions under which laboratory rodents are typically bred are thought to select for genotypes that produce large, rapidly maturing races with high early reproductive rates but diminished longevity. To test these ideas, and to generate new mouse stocks suitable for genetic and molecular analysis of the processes that time life‐history events, we have developed specific pathogen‐free stocks from mice trapped from three distinct populations: the U.S. mainland (Idaho) and the tropical Pacific islands Majuro and Pohnpei. Mice from all three locations were found to be shorter and lighter, to have smaller litters, and to have higher faecal corticosterone levels than mice of a genetically heterogeneous stock derived from four common laboratory inbred strains. Among the wild‐derived stocks, mice from Pohnpei and Majuro were significantly lighter and shorter than Idaho‐derived animals, even in populations kept from birth under identical housing conditions. Litter size and reproductive success rates did not differ significantly among the three wild‐derived stocks. Although further work will be needed to see if, as predicted, the wild‐derived stocks differ from one another and from laboratory mice in longevity, these stocks provide useful tools for genetic dissection of factors that regulate body size and reproductive success.
Financial Performance of Family Firms in Comparison to Regular Firms: A Literature Review.

This article is a literature review of studies that empirically compare the performance of familyowned firms relative to firms owned by diverse shareholders. The debate on whether or not family control is a superior form of governance and what factors are of influence is still vivid in the new millennium. Although the field develops and some trends can be identified, in general scholars are still inconclusive. A focus on underdeveloped areas and an increased devotion to investigate causality might help to advance the field.
Single host and symbiont lineages of hydrothermal-vent gastropods Ifremeria nautilei (Provannidae) : biogeography and evolution

Hydrothermal-vent gastropods belonging to the genus Ifremeria of the family Provan- nidae, which derive their nutrition from chemoautotrophic bacterial endosymbionts, constitute an important faunal element in the ecology of deep-sea hydrothermal systems in the SW Pacific. In order to determine phylogenetic relationships between the hosts and endosymbionts of Ifremeria gastro- pods, as well as their fatty-acid profiles and bulk and compound-specific carbon-isotopic signatures, we analyzed Ifremeria gastropods from the Manus, North Fiji and Lau Back-Arc Basins in the SW Pacific. Partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene suggest that Ifremeria gastropods from the 3 basins belong to a single species, Ifremeria nautilei. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences and results from fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, the gill endo- symbionts of Ifremeria gastropods from the 3 basins were grouped in a single lineage of γ-Proteo- bacteria, with sequence similarities of >98.3%. Placement of the endosymbionts within this single lineage was supported by fatty-acid profiles and carbon-isotopic compositions of the Ifremeria gastropods. Phylogenetic relationships inferred among gastropod hosts and among their endo- symbionts were not congruent, implying that acquisition of endosymbionts might be from the environment rather than through vertical transmission. Differences in geographical distribution and host speciation pattern between the confamilial Alviniconcha and Ifremeria gastropods might be attributed to the remarkable differences in symbiotic strategy with chemoautotrophic bacteria.
Indoor Radon Characteristics in Canadian Arctic Regions

Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas generated by the decay of uranium bearing minerals in rocks and soils. Exposure to indoor radon has been identified as the second leading cause of lung cancer after tobacco smoking. In an indoor environment, there are many factors affecting indoor radon concentrations. Those factors could be different in the Arctic regions than the rest of Canada. Based on the results from recently completed Canadian residential radon survey, this technical note assessed indoor radon characteristics and associated radiation doses in Canadian Arctic regions and compared them to the average radon characteristics in Canada. In Arctic health regions the percentage of homes above 200 Bq/m3 varied from 0% in Nunavut to 19.6% in Yukon Territory. On average, indoor radon characteristics in the Canadian Arctic regions are similar to the overall indoor radon characteristics in Canada. Although there are no significant differences in indoor radon exposure between the Canadian Arctic and rest of Canada, the average lung cancer incidence rate in the Arctic health regions is a factor of 1.6 higher than the national average lung cancer rate. The higher lung cancer rate in Canadian Arctic is likely due to the higher smoking rate in the northern communities.
Impairment of Development and Reproductivity of the Egyptian cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) by Cycloheximide.

Citation: Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci. (A. Entomology) Vol. 11(5)pp: 3158 (2018) Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences is the official English language journal of the Egyptian Society for Biological Sciences, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Sciences Ain Shams University. Entomology Journal publishes original research papers and reviews from any entomological discipline or from directly allied fields in ecology, behavioral biology, physiology, biochemistry, development, genetics, systematics, morphology, evolution, control of insects, arachnids, and general entomology. www.eajbs. eg.net Provided for non-commercial research and education use. Not for reproduction, distribution or commercial use.
INFLUENCE OF PRINCIPALS’ TRANSFORMATIVE CORPORATE LEADERSHIP STYLE ON TEACHERS’ JOB COMMITMENT IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ATHI RIVER SUB COUNTY, MACHAKOS COUNTY, KENYA.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyse influence of principals’ transformative corporate leadership style on teachers’ job commitment in public secondary schools in Athi river sub county, Machakos county, Kenya.Methodology: The study used correlation research design to collect data from principals, deputy principals and teachers in public primary schools in Athi River Sub County. The total number of respondents was 13 principals, 13 deputy principals and, 260 teachers and thus the total target population was 286. The researcher used census approach to select all the schools’ heads and their deputies and stratified random sampling to select 104 teachers. The analysis was done by descriptive statistics using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0. In addition, Pearson’s correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to establish the relationship between the study variables.Results: The study found that idealized influence and teachers’ job commitment were positively and significant related, further inspired motivation and teachers’ job commitment were positively significant related, also intellectual stimulation and teachers’ job commitment were positively and significantly related while finally +individualized considerations and teachers’ job commitment were also positively and significantly related. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study therefore recommends that there is need for principals in public secondary schools to adopt transformation leadership styles so as to improve on teachers’ job commitment.
Gene Expression Signatures of Peripheral BloodMononuclear Cells during the Early Post-Transplant Period in Patients Developing Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy

1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA 2 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA 3 Genomics and Bioinformatics Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA 4 XDx Inc., Brisbane, CA 94005, USA 5 Courant Institute of Mathematical Science, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA 6 Cardiac Transplantation Research, Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York Presbyterian Hospital, PH Room 1291, 622 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
Diagnosis and treatment approaches of the lung hydatid cysts in childhood

Background: Cyst hydatid is an important health problem in childhood and adult age group. We aimed to present the management of childhood cyst hydatid cases treated with surgery. Materials and Methods: The records of 33 patients that were operated on for lung cyst hydatid disease at our clinic between 1999 and 2016 were evaluated retrospectively in terms of demographic data, clinical findings, location of cysts, treatment methods and follow-up. Results: Among 33 patients included in this clinical analysis study, 20 were male (60.6%) and the mean age was 11.5 (4-15 years). The most common complaint was cough that was observed in 16 patients (48.4%). 78.8% of the patients had only one cyst, whereas 21.2% of the patients had multiple cysts. Cystotomy was performed in 12 patients (36.4%), cystotomy + capitonage in 14 patients (42.4%), and decortication in addition to cystotomy + capitonage in 7 patients (21.2%). There were no postoperative complications and no recurrences were observed during the follow-up. Conclusions: Surgical treatment is the primary treatment that can be performed successfully and safely in childhood lung cysts hydatids.
OIL SHALE PYROLYSIS IN FIXED-BED RETORT WITH DIFFERENT HEATING RATES

Production of oil at pyrolysis of Ellajun oil shale was investigated at different heating rates (0.2–2.8; 2.2–5.0 and 7.0–13.0 °C min in a fixed-bed retort. Total weight loss and oil yield were calculated for the temperature range 610– 873 K. Total weight loss of oil shale sample increased from 12.5% to 18% with increasing the heating rate from 0.2 to 13 °C min, whereas shale oil yield (calculated based on Fisher Assay for Ellajun sample) decreased from 80% to 40%. Sulfur content of produced liquid hydrocarbons decreased from 7.4 wt. % to 6.5 wt. % with increasing heating rate and pyrolysis temperature. Density of the produced shale oil increased from 0.947 to 0.982 g cm with increasing heating rate indicating the formation of heavier compounds. The rate of shale oil accumulation was monitored by digital mass scales. Higher heating rates resulted in higher rates of accumulation. The rate of oil and water collection passed through a maximum for different heating rates at different pyrolysis temperatures.
Self-esteem, Resilience, and Social Trust as Mediators in the Relationship between Optimism and Job Satisfaction: A Preliminary Analysis of Data from European Social Survey

This study examined the mediation effects of social trust, self-esteem, and resilience in the relationship between optimism and job satisfaction. Data of appropriate items from the European Social Survey (Round 6) were picked that measured optimism, job satisfaction, self-esteem, resilience, and social trust that were the relevant constructs to this research. The sample for this study comprised of 26716 respondents. Results indicated that optimism, social trust, self-esteem, resilience, and job satisfaction were significantly and positively associated with each other. Results further showed that social trust, self-esteem, and resilience significantly mediated the relationship between optimism and job satisfaction. Implications of research and limitations of the current study were also discussed.
Population structure and dispersal patterns of loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta in Tunisian coastal waters, Central Mediterranean

Understanding the dispersal pattern and mechanisms affecting the mixing of Endan- gered loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta is a key issue for establishing sound conservation strategies. Loggerhead turtles are commonly encountered all along the Tunisian coast and partic- ularly in the Gulf of Gabes, which is one of the most important foraging habitats for this species in the Mediterranean Sea. We conducted extensive sampling of 175 juvenile and adult loggerhead turtles that were stranded or incidentally captured in the areas along the northern (NTC), eastern (Gulf of Hammamet, GHAM) and southern (Gulf of Gabes, GGAB) Tunisian coast over a 6 yr period (2004 to 2009). A 380 bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA control region was sequenced and analysed. Seven haplotypes were revealed, and a gradual variation in haplotype frequencies was observed among the studied areas. The extreme samples (NTC and GGAB) differed geneti- cally from each other, while both were similar to the central sample (GHAM). This finding was confirmed by mixed stock analysis estimates, which suggested that the proportions of Atlantic tur- tles were very high in the NTC and decreased southward, while the proportions of Mediterranean contributions were higher in the GGAB and decreased in the opposite direction. The observed pattern of genetic variation and turtle distribution, which is probably related to differences in geo- morphology and sea surface currents among these coastal areas, should be considered in future management plans.
Continuous Creation of Entrepreneurial Orientation: A Reward and Reinforcement Perspective

Entrepreneurial orientation is important for organization’s sustainability. However, there are continuous debates discussing about organizational factors that activate entrepreneurial orientation among employees. Using data for three cement manufacturing companies in the southern part of Peninsular Malaysia, this study examined the influence of reward and reinforcement in creating entrepreneurial orientation among employees. A quantitative research occupying a web based online survey was adopted in the research. Three hypotheses examining the relationship between reward and reinforcement and three entrepreneurial orientation dimensions were formulated and tested in the research. With a response rate of 70.4 per cent, the statistical finding revealed that reward and reinforcement has significant relationship with only innovativeness while it has failed to provide similar evidence of significant association for risk-taking and also pro-activeness.
Weed ingress and pasture persistence in Bay of Plenty dairy farms: field observations and farmer perceptions

Above-ground botanical composition and seedling emergence from the soil seedbank were assessed in 30 Bay of Plenty dairy pastures in spring 2010. Pastures ranged in age ('young': 1-2 years, 'medium': 3-4 years, 'old': 5-6 years) and included those with and without forage herbs (chicory and/or plantain). As pastures aged, there was an increase in the percentage of total dry matter of unsown weed grasses (3%, 8%, 27%) and unsown herbaceous weeds (5%, 18%, 39%) in young, medium and old pastures sown with herbs, respectively. Unsown weed grasses dominated the seedbank and together with herbaceous weeds comprised more than 99% of seedlings that emerged from the seedbank. Farm managers ranked insect pests and climate (e.g. droughts/floods), as the primary factors causing the decline of sown species, while grazing management was perceived as the most important factor that can improve persistence of sown species.
BINARY DISRUPTION BY MASSIVE BLACK HOLES: HYPERVELOCITY STARS, S STARS, AND TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENTS

We examine whether disrupted binary stars can fuel black hole growth. In this mechanism, tidal disruption produces a single hypervelocity star (HVS) ejected at high velocity and a former companion star bound to the black hole. After a cluster of bound stars forms, orbital diffusion allows the black hole to accrete stars by tidal disruption at a rate comparable to the capture rate. In the Milky Way, HVSs and the S star cluster imply similar rates of 10−5 to 10−3 yr−1 for binary disruption. These rates are consistent with estimates for the tidal disruption rate in nearby galaxies and imply significant black hole growth from disrupted binaries on 10 Gyr timescales.
Seyoum, Alemtsehay G. and Tanyimboh, Tiku T. (2016) Investigation into the pressure-driven extension of the EPANET hydraulic simulation

Several hydraulic modelling approaches have been proposed previously to simulate pressure deficient operating conditions in water distribution networks more realistically. EPANETPDX is a pressure-driven extension of the EPANET 2 hydraulic simulation model that has an embedded logistic nodal head-flow function. The pressure-driven analysis algorithm in EPANETPDX was investigated, to improve its performance under conditions of extremely low pressure. By integrating a line minimization procedure fully in the computational solution of the system of equations, the algorithm’s consistency was improved by increasing its computational efficiency under conditions of extremely low pressure. The examples considered demonstrated that the pressure-driven analysis algorithm proposed is robust, computationally efficient, and the line minimization procedure is applied frequently. Overall, the results suggest that the algorithm is reliable. The formulation proposed is significantly faster than the previousmodel under conditions of extremely low pressure. The hydraulic and water quality modelling functionality of EPANET 2was preserved. For the operating conditions with satisfactory pressure, where direct comparisons with EPANET 2 were possible, EPANET 2 was consistently faster.
Research on Devices for Handling Whole Slide Images on Pathology Workstations. An Ergonomic Outlook

Background Digital Pathology represents a technological innovation that introduces changes in the traditional tasks of pathologists. In this regard, an important issue that has not been enough emphasized is the image handling from an ergonomic point of view to avoid work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). The aim of this study was to investigate a proper input device for digital pathology. Material & Methods Research was conducted in two phases: (1). A comparative study to find out an optimal external controller. Eight medical students analyzed 11 input devices: keyboard (Hewlett Packard, HP), conventional mouse (HP), vertical mouse (CLS), touchpad (Logitech), 3 trackballs (Logitech, Kensington Expert and Ulove), Rollermouse (Contour), Ergopointer (Marzhauser Sensotech), gamepad (Logitech) and a touchless device (Leap Motion Controller), using them with the Image Viewer software (Ventana). The web-based Fitts´ law test (UC Berkeley) was used to objectify the accuracy of each used device, randomly. 12 items were included in the questionnaire: comfort, technical aspects (cursor movement and objective achievement), prospects, overall satisfaction, prior experience, and others. (2). Evaluation by two experienced pathologists of the best rated input device on the previous experiment and its comparison with a voice recognition system (Invox Medical Dictation, Vocali) using a headset microphone (Plantronics). Perceived workload was scored using the NASA Task Load Index on 28 whole slide images visualized on the Digital Image Hub (Leica) platform with a 4 MegaPixel display (Barco). Data were processed with SPSS 21.0. Results Correlation between technical aspects of the evaluated devices and accuracy (Fitts´ law test), and comfort with overall satisfaction, was demonstrated (p <0.05). Comparative analysis of the 11 input devices concluded that vertical mouse was the best rated input device. However, on the second phase of the study, we find a slightly higher perceived workload using this device than using the voice recognition system, which was the best controller in digital pathology from an ergonomic point of view in this study. Conclusions We describe a methodology that can study and compare input devices for future workstations in digital pathology. Pathologists should be involved in this process trying to find ergonomic devices that prevent MSD. Voice recognition can function as a good handsfree device for digital pathology and could be considered in physical disability situations. Further studies using electromyography, accelerometry and 3D reconstruction analysis could provide additional ergonomic information.
Albanerpetontid amphibians from the Upper Cretaceous of Middle Asia

We review the fossil record of Asian albanerpetontids. The three dentaries previously attributed to the two species of. Nuhtsurus Nessov, 1981 (lower Cenomanian and Coniacian, Uzbekistan) are from albanerpetontids, but none are distinctive below the familial level. We thus designate the nllmes Nukusurus, N. insuetus Nessov, 1981, and N. sodalis Nessov, 1997 as nomina dubia within the Albanerpetontidae. Two dentaries (lower Cenomanian, Uzbekistan) descnbed herein for the first time supplement the known record of Asian albanerpetontids. The holotype atlas and only specimen of the supposed albanerpetontid B ishara bacl<a Nessov, 1 997 (upper Santonian-? Campanian, Kazakhstan) is shown to be from a salamander, not an albanerpetontid. Our study recognizes Albanerpeton (Cretaceous-Miocene, North Amenca and Europe) and Celtedens (Middle Jrnassic-Lower Cretaceous, Europe) as the only valid albanerpetontid genera. Limited evidence favors one or more dispersals from Europe or Norttr America to Asia in the medial Cretaceous as the major biogeographic event in the history of Asian albanerpetontids.
New species of Troglomyces and Diplopodomyces (Laboulbeniales, Ascomycota) from millipedes (Diplopoda)

We describe five new species of fungi of the order Laboulbeniales Lindau growing on millipedes and belonging to the genera Diplopodomyces W.Rossi & Balazuc and Troglomyces S.Colla. Three new species of Diplopodomyces , viz. Diplopodomyces coronatus Santam. , Enghoff & Reboleira sp. nov. living on Serboiulus spelaeophilus Gulicka, 1967 from Bulgarian caves, Diplopodomyces liguliphorus Santam. , Enghoff & Reboleira sp. nov. on an unidentified species of Spirobolida from Sri Lanka, and Diplopodomyces ramosus Santam. , Enghoff & Reboleira sp. nov. on Pachyiulus spp. from Turkey, Macedonia and Serbia; and two new species of Troglomyces , viz. Troglomyces dioicus Santam. , Enghoff & Reboleira sp. nov. on Nepalmatoiulus sp. from Myanmar, and Troglomyces tetralabiatus Santam. , Enghoff & Reboleira sp. nov. on Caucaseuma Strasser, 1970 and Heterocaucaseuma Antic & Makarov, 2016 from caves in Western Caucasus. Troglomyces dioicus sp. nov. is the first dioecious species described in the genus Troglomyces . Keys for all hitherto known species of Diplopodomyces and Troglomyces are presented, as is a discussion of the status of both genera. Additional records for Diplopodomyces lusitanipodos Santam. , Enghoff & Reboleira and Troglomyces manfrediae S.Colla are also included.