Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strengthening the Intersections Between Secondary and Tertiary Education in Australia: Building Cultural Capital

This paper begins by outlining the ‘education revolution’ policy direction of the Australian federal government, and the ways in which it envisages meeting its goal of having a 40% of the population between 25 and 34 with a Bachelor’s degree by 2025, and ensuring that 20% of tertiary students come form LSES backgrounds. This is contrasted with the achievements of the UK government’s ‘Widening Participation’ strategy. It then discusses the institutional and policy challenges which broad social inclusion goals generate for secondary and tertiary sectors – challenges which are likely to fundamentally reshape both sectors whilst also forcing them to become partners in a national educational mission. The article then examines a framework from the OECD designed to strengthen schools in disadvantaged areas, with disadvantaged students in order that they complete secondary schooling and proceed to tertiary education. In response to the OECD’s recommendations, the paper then focuses on one example of a program in which both sectors are collaborating – for mutual benefit – to increase the numbers of LSES students aspiring to and accessing tertiary education and achieving success in tertiary studies, and makes predictions about its future success. This US initiative (AVID) has had significant success for over thirty years and is currently being trialed in a number of Australian schools and universities. It concludes by advocating that schools and universities partner more closely, and that AVID may well be a useful means of achieving this, whilst also enriching schools’ cultures and facilitating greater academic success at both university and school, for disadvantaged students.
Glimpses of semantic restructuring of English emotion-laden words of American English L1 users residing outside the USA

The present exploratory study focuses on the effect of living outside the USA on the understanding of the meaning, the perceived offensiveness and the self-reported frequency of use of four English emotion-laden words of British origin and four English emotion-laden words of American origin among 556 first (L1) users of American English. Statistical analyses revealed that the scores of the Americans living in the UK or in non-English-speaking countries differed significantly from those of compatriots living in the USA. Positive relationships emerged between multilingualism and scores on the dependent variables for the four British words, but no link emerged between languages known and the dependent variables for the American words. This is interpreted as an indication that semantic representations of emotion-laden words originating from another variety of the L1 are relatively weaker and are more likely to shift as a result of exposure to their use in other varieties, and the knowledge of other languages.
Dynamics of glacial and periglacial processes as evidence of global change

Glacial and periglacial processes, their landforms, influences of cryogenic destruction, and repeated freezing and thawing effects in rocks and their weathered mantle are described. Main features and dynamics of present-day and former glacial and periglacial environments are presented as an evidence of significant global change of various landscapes in the Quaternary epoch. Dramatic changes in morphotectonic activity of lithospheric plates, sea level, properties of water and air masses, volume of cryosphere, and the types of landscapes in glacial–periglacial cycles during the Quaternary are emphasized. Knowledge of glacial and periglacial processes and landforms provides a background for understanding the present-day global change processes of the Earth.
Manufacturing rigid board by packaging waste containing aluminum and polyethylene

Introduction Tetra Pak, a beverage and liquid food system, is widely used all over the word as an aseptic packaging material, which allows perishable products to be stored without refrigeration for 6 months or more even for delicate foods (milk, soy beverages, juice and nectars). Recycling process of postconsumer aseptic packaging, which is composed of paper, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and aluminum (Al), consists of recovering paper, the major component by hydropulping. Remaining mixture of LDPE and Al, a recycled composite called PEAL, offers an interesting combination of properties. Tetra Pak packaging1 is made up of: duplex paper, 75; LDPE, 20; and Al, 5%. Al and LDPE layers are recovered as follows: i) generation of energy through incineration; ii) recovery of Al in pyrolysis ovens; and iii) processing mixture of plastic and metal to obtain high-end plastic lumber products. Recycling-originated matrix polymer/metal composite is a low cost material but humidity and impurities affect composite quality2. Products manufactured from waste plastics include wood plastic composites (WPCs)3. Studies4 are available on virgin fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites. This study presents feasibility of using recycled LDPE and Al of Tetra Pak to manufacture composite rigid board using a hot press. Experimental Section Recycling process used in this study is essentially thermo-mechanical, and LDPE/Al is recycled for the first time. This analysis is mainly concerned with LDPE/Al macroscopic mechanical properties.
Eyes wide open: Gender similarities and differences in sexual subjectivity and sexual objectification in today's hook-up culture

Sexual behavior among college students today is significantly different than in the past. Hooking-up captures this difference and getting some satisfaction seems to capture hooking-up. Although this may have always been the intent of college-age men, what seems new is that women are now adopting a similar mantra. The purpose of this study was to assess this trend by measuring sexual subjectivity and sexual objectification in male and female college students. One hundred and ninety one students (105 women, 86 men) took an online survey consisting of 20 items from the Female Sexual Subjectivity Inventory developed by Horne and Zimmerman (2006) and 30 items from the Sexual Objectification Scale – Revised developed by Morse (2007). Gender similarities as well as gender differences were found. Men and women did not differ in self-efficacy in achieving sexual pleasure or sexual objectification. Sexual self-reflection was greater in women than men as was sense of entitlement to sexual pleasure from partner. A major limitation of the study was its unorthodox use of instruments developed to assess sexual subjectivity and objectification in women and men, respectively, in the case of both men and women.
On the Stability of Preferences: Repercussions of Entrepreneurship on Risk Attitudes

The majority of empirical studies make use of the assumption of stable preferences in searching for a relationship between risk attitude and the decision to become and stay an entrepreneur. Yet empirical evidence on this relationship is limited. In this paper, we show that entry into entrepreneurship itself plays a decisive role in shaping risk preferences. We find that becoming self-employed is indeed associated with a relative increase in risk attitudes, an increase that is quantitatively large and significant even after controlling for individual characteristics, different employment status, and duration of entrepreneurship. The findings suggest that studies assuming that risk attitudes are stable over time suffer from reverse causality; risk attitudes do not remain stable over time, and individual preferences change endogenously.
Abuses, resilience, behavioural problems and post-traumatic stress symptoms among unaccompanied migrant minors: An Italian cross-sectional exploratory study

The aims of this study were to explore the type and prevalence of pre-/peri-migratory trauma experiences in unaccompanied minors and the prevalence of mental health problems and resilience. The study included 19 unaccompanied migrant minors aged 16–17 years coming from Egypt, Albania, Senegal, Bangladesh, Gambia, Morocco and Mali. The participants completed self-report questionnaires on emotional and behavioural problems, post-traumatic stress symptoms, abuse and resilience. All the unaccompanied migrant minors in our study were physically and psychologically abused at least once in their life and more than half were sexually abused before or during their migration. The most frequent abuses were: being hit with an object, being punished at school and at home with torture and infliction of pain, being forced to do something dangerous, being insulted, undergoing theft or damage of personal objects, being forced to look at sexual photos or videos and being sexually abused. The scores on post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety and dissociation are above the clinical cut-off point. Mean scores in the scales of resilience are generally in line with normative data. These scores show that despite their traumatic pre-migratory and peri-migratory experiences of abuse and the clinical psychopathological effects, the minors interviewed proved to have good sources of resilience. Immigration policies however should be based not only on admittance to emergency refuge centres but also on assessing the subjects and providing them with psychological support for the traumas experienced in order to achieve a successful integration process in the host society.
Composite Operator Method Analysis of the Underdoped Cuprates Puzzle

The microscopical analysis of the unconventional and puzzling physics of the underdoped cuprates, as carried out lately by means of the composite operator method (COM) applied to the 2D Hubbard model, is reviewed and systematized. The 2D Hubbard model has been adopted as it has been considered the minimal model capable of describing the most peculiar features of cuprates held responsible for their anomalous behavior. COM is designed to endorse, since its foundation, the systematic emergence in any SCS of new elementary excitations described by composite operators obeying noncanonical algebras. In this case (underdoped cuprates—2D Hubbard model), the residual interactions—beyond a 2-pole approximation—between the new elementary electronic excitations, dictated by the strong local Coulomb repulsion and well described by the two Hubbard composite operators, have been treated within the noncrossing approximation. Given this recipe and exploiting the few unknowns to enforce the Pauli principle content in the solution, it is possible to qualitatively describe some of the anomalous features of high-Tc cuprate superconductors such as large versus small Fermi surface dichotomy, Fermi surface deconstruction (appearance of Fermi arcs), nodal versus antinodal physics, pseudogap(s), and kinks in the electronic dispersion. The resulting scenario envisages a smooth crossover between an ordinary weakly interacting metal sustaining weak, short-range antiferromagnetic correlations in the overdoped regime to an unconventional poor metal characterized by very strong, long-but-finite-range antiferromagnetic correlations leading to momentum-selective non-Fermi liquid features as well as to the opening of a pseudogap and to the striking differences between the nodal and the antinodal dynamics in the underdoped regime.
The monotypic genus Bulborrhizina belongs to Bulbothrix sensu lato (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota)

Abstract The phylogenetic position of the monotypic genus Bulborrhizina is studied using molecular data from three loci (mtSSU, nuLSU and ITS) aligned with sequences from 95 other samples of parmelioid lichens. Bulborrhizina africana clusters within the predominantly paleotropical Bulbothrix ‘clade II’ with strong support. However, its relationships within this clade remain uncertain. The morphological characters used to circumscribe Bulborrhizina are interpreted as adaptations to the habitat of this species in semi-arid regions of eastern Africa. A formal synonymy of the genus Bulborrhizina with either Bulbothrix or Parmelinella is postponed until sequences of the type species of Bulbothrix become available that will allow us to identify which of the two clades of species currently placed in Bulbothrix represents Bulbothrix s.str.
Fractional order sliding mode control with reaching law approach

Fractional order sliding mode control is studied in this paper. The control objectives are achieved by adopting the reaching law approach of sliding mode control. The main contribution of this work is to show that the philosophy of integer order sliding mode control is valid also for the systems represented by fractional order operators. A sufficient condition and its implications for stability are given. Matched and unmatched uncertainties are studied. The attractor nature of the switching manifold is analyzed together with a stable sliding subspace design condition. The claims are justified through a set of simulations and the results obtained are found promising.
Optimization of the bending stiffness of beam-to-column and column-to-foundation connections in precast concrete structures

This work involved the structural optimization of precast concrete rigid frames with semi-rigid beam-to-column connections. To this end, several frames were simulated numerically using the Finite Element Method. Beams and columns were modeled using bar elements and their connections were modeled using spring elements, with variable bending stiffness. The objective function was based on the search of the least stiff connection able to ensure the global stability of the building. Lastly, a connection model with optimal stiffness was adopted to design the frame. Semi-rigid beam-to-column connections with a constraint factors of 0.33 sufficed to ensure the maximum allowable horizontal displacement and bending moment of the connection, with a global stability parameter of 1.12. This confirms that even connections with low constraints generate significant gains from the structural standpoint, without affecting construction and assembly-related aspects.
Effect of vitamins and bivalent metals on lysine yield in Bacillus megaterium

The effects of vitamins and bivalent metals on lysine accumulation in Bacillus strains were investigated. Biotin enhanced lysine production in all the Bacillus strains, while folic acid and riboflavin stimulated lysine yields in Bacillus megaterium SP 86 only. All bivalent metals stimulated lysine accumulation in B. megaterium SP 86 and B. megaterium SP 14, while Co2+ and Zn2+ improved lysine levels in all the strains.
Ultrastructural studies on the reproductive system of progenetic Diplocotyle olrikii (Cestoda, Spathebothriidea): Ovarian tissue

The ultrastructure of the ovary and oogenesis are described from the immature and sexually mature female reproductive system of the progenetic spathebothriidean tapeworm, Diplocotyle olrikii from the body cavity of Gammarus oceanicus. Two types of cells are described: germinal (oogonia, oocytes) and interstitial. A comparison is made of the fine structure of oogonia, early and advanced maturing oocytes and mature oocytes. Two types of inclusions, cortical granules and lipid droplets, are produced by maturing oocytes, and remain in the cytoplasm of mature oocytes within the ovovitelline duct lumen while only lipid droplets are evident in the oocyte cytoplasm of intrauterine eggs. The fate and possible functions of both inclusions are discussed. The interstitial component of the ovary is a syncytium. The maturing oocyte surface is prolonged into lamellae, forming a lamellar mesh with adjacent germ cells and close association of interstitial mitochondria. Deep invaginations of the ovarian basement layer between numerous folds of ovarian lobules facilitate close contact of the interstitium and sarcoplasmic glycogen-rich processes with maturing oocytes. Synchronism in maturity among all of the oocytes in the ovary is shown at different stages of oogenesis. Such a pattern of oogenesis results in the production of many eggs at the same stage of development and is considered an adaptation for the dissemination of fertilized eggs that occurs only at the death of the gammarid host.
Phytochemical constituents and bioactivities of the extracts of Cassia nigricans Vahl : A review

Cassia species have been of keen interest in phytochemical and pharmacological research due to their excellent medicinal values. They are rich sources of polyphenols, anthraquinone derivatives, flavonoids and polysaccharides. Cassia nigricans Vahl is an important source of secondary metabolites, notably anthraquinone derivatives. The leaves of C. nigricans Vahl have been reported to contain pharmacologically active substances, including 1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methyl anthraquinone (emodin), emodic acid, citreorosein, a flavonoid luteolin, and hydroxyestranic acid, ethyl ester. C. nigricans Vahl is of high therapeutic value in gastro-intestinal disorders, including ulcers and diarrhoea, and skin diseases. It possesses antimicrobial, antiulcer, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, contraceptive, antiplasmodial, insecticidal and larvicidal activities. The plant has the potential to be used in the management of agricultural pests. In conclusion, C. nigricans Vahl contains biologically active compounds that may serve as candidates for new drugs in the treatment and prevention of human and livestock diseases, and pest management.
GENERALIZED THRESHOLDING ESTIMATORS FOR HIGH-DIMENSIONAL LOCATION PARAMETERS

Analyzing high-throughput genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data usually involves estimating high-dimensional location parameters. Thresholding es- timators can significantly improve such estimation when many parameters are zero, i.e., parameters are sparse. Several such estimators have been constructed to be adaptive to parameter sparsity. However, they assume that the underlying param- eter spaces are symmetric. Since many applications present asymmetry parameter spaces, we introduce a class of generalized thresholding estimators. A construc- tion of these estimators is developed using a Bayes approach, where an important constraint on the hyperparameters is identified. A generalized empirical Bayes im- plementation is presented for estimating high-dimensional yet sparse normal means. This implementation provides generalized thresholding estimators which are adap- tive to both sparsity and asymmetry of high-dimensional parameters.
Mixed Cournot-Bertrand Competition in N-firm Differentiated Oligopolies∗

An n-firm mixed oligopoly is examined with product differentiation, in which quantity-adjusting firms and price-adjusting firms coexist and compete with each other. In a mixed duopoly framework, Singh and Vives (1984) show that a dominant strategy for a firm is a quantity-strategy if the goods are substitutes and it is a price-strategy if the goods are complements. It is demonstrated that this clear-cut result in the duopoly framewor is not necessarily valid in an n-firm oligopoly framework, and a choice of the dominant strategy depends on the average quality ratio of the goods produced by the quantity-adjusting and by the price-adjusting firms. key words: product differentiation, n-firm mixed oligopoly, dominant stragery, Cournot-Bertrand competition, Bertrand-Cournot competition
Influence of Social Capital on Consumption Per Capita Income and Poverty Alleviation in Tertiary Institution Cooperative Thrift and Credit Society

Abstract This study investigated the influence of social capital on members′ consumption per capita income and poverty alleviation in Cooperative Thrift and Credit Society of Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger state- Nigeria. Low income level and poverty influence the employees of the polytechnic to partake in cooperative society through the contribution of money/credit referred to as social capital. Data were collected using field research survey approach involving hand delivery of questionnaire. Simple random technique of probability sampling method was used to draw a sample size of 255 members from the population of 702 academic and non- academic members of the cooperative society. The regression results indicated that social capital dimension such as educational qualification and membership duration has significant influence on consumption while social capital indicator such as income and educational qualification has significant influence on poverty alleviation. Other variables such as gender, marital status, work status and savings were insignificant. The study therefore recommends that regulators and policy makers should encourage savings mobilization from members′ income or salary in order to boost consumption and alleviate poverty. This is because income has insignificant influence on consumption and significant influence on poverty alleviation in Cooperative Thrift and Credit Society of Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger state. The results of this study are unique and worth in solving problems that are facing cooperative associations in Nigeria.
Two Automatic Chamber Techniques for Measuring Soil-Atmosphere Exchanges of Trace Gases and Results of their use in the OASIS Field Experiment

Two techniques for measuring soil/plant/atmosphere exchange fluxes of stable trace gases are presented. The first technique involves an automatic chamber capable of running at remote, unpowered, unattended sites. The air samples collected from individual flux measurements are progressively added to holding volumes, essentially averaging the concentrations in the accumulated air samples before their chemical analysis. This technique allows the continuous measurement of trace gas exchange at multiple distant remote sites to be carried out by one or two persons operating from a central laboratory housing the analytical facilities. The scientific advantages of this method are that emission measurements are automated, integrated day and night, and can be carried out at remote locations without mains power. The second technique involves continuous online analysis of the chamber headspace once per minute by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. This technique provides simultaneous measurement of CO2, N2O and CH4, is suitable for use at well supported measurement sites, and allows the continuous, automated determination of trace gas exchange measurements on a half hourly or hourly basis. The underlying theoretical and experimental basis of the use of chambers to measure trace gas exchange over soil/plant surfaces is presented. Measurements are presented from the OASIS (Observations At Several Interacting Scales), field experiment. The temperature and soil moisture responses of soil/plant respiration, N2O emissions and CH4 uptake are observed and quantified. Both approaches produced comparable results for CO2 fluxes. While for the most part N2O fluxes were also equivalent, there were some differences due principally to minor differences in chamber operating conditions.
A Framework of Intrusion Detection System based on Bayesian Network in IoT

The increasing popularity of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has greatly influenced the production mode and life quality of humans. Simultaneously, the security issues of such technology have become a focus of attention. There are many aspects of IoT security issues. In this paper, we propose a framework to solve the problem of network intrusion detection in IoT. First, an intrusion detection dataset named UNSW-NB15 is selected as the research object. Then, the dataset is preprocessed and the feature selection job is accomplished to obtain a suitable subset. After the above steps are completed, a Bayesian model is built according to the K2 structure learning algorithm. The parameters are obtained through the Maximum Likelihood Estimation algorithm. Finally, the testing dataset is inputted for classification. The simulation results show that the system can detect the anomaly intrusion effectively.