Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Doubly Iterative Soft Interference Cancellation for MIMO-OFDM Systems

In this paper, we consider a coded OFDM system in MIMO wireless fading channels, where the transmitter as well as the receiver is equipped with multiple antennas. The serial binary information bits are first partitioned into groups, and then individually encoded, bit interleaved, OFDM modulated, and transmitted through its transmit antenna. At the receiver, we investigate a reduced complexity doubly iterative soft interference canceller (SIC) structure based on the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion (originally proposed in a BPSK context) to this particular scheme. For systems with both iterative SIC and a priori information in the symbol demapper, i.e. doubly iterative, the receiver performance is proved to be greatly improved
VITAMIN E AND IMMUNE REGULATION *

An assessment of the minimal daily requirement (MDR) of a nutrient involves a determination of the least amount of the nutrient that will prevent clinical symptoms of a deficiency or support a well-defined physiological or biochemical response. The requirement for vitamin E of human adults set forth by the National Research Council is 15 IU/day or about 30 IU/kg of diet. In humans and animals, measurements of erythrocyte hemolysis' and peroxidation' in hepatic microsomes have been used to determine the MDR. Such values a re similar and are dependent upon the intake of polyunsaturated fats (PUFA]. We will show that in mice fed a semipurified diet containing 50 IU vitamin E/kg, the diet is not optimal f.x several parameters of the immune response. although the animal is healthy in all other respects. I t h a s been demonstrated by Tengerdy et al. that addition of vitamin E to normal laboratory chow will enhance the antibody response to several antigen^."^ W e have shown that cell-mediated responses are similarly enhanced by levels of vitamin E much higher than the MDR when added to semipurified rations that contain fats either rich or low in PUFA.' Although vitamin E has been shown to enhance both humoral and cellmediated immunity (CMI), this paper will be limited to studies of only the latter. Specifically, a demonstration of the effect and experiments to show the mechanisms of action of the vitamin will tie presented.
The Remedian: A Robust Averaging Method for Large Data Sets

Abstract It is often assumed that to compute a robust estimator on n data values one needs at least n storage elements (contrary to the sample average, that may be calculated with an updating mechanism). This is one of the main reasons why robust estimators are seldom used for large data sets and why they are not included in most statistical packages. We introduce a new estimator that takes up little storage space, investigate its statistical properties, and provide an example on real-time curve “averaging” in a medical context. The remedian with base b proceeds by computing medians of groups of b observations, and then medians of these medians, until only a single estimate remains. This method merely needs k arrays of size b (where n = bk ), so the total storage is O(log n) for fixed b or, alternatively, O(nl/k ) for fixed k. Its storage economy makes it useful for robust estimation in large data bases, for real-time engineering applications in which the data themselves are not stored, and for resistant .
Overexpression of Asparagine Synthetase and Matrix Metalloproteinase 19 Confers Cisplatin Sensitivity in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells

Platinum-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy is considered a standard treatment approach for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, only a minority of patients benefit from this treatment regimen compared with radiotherapy alone. Identification of a set of molecular markers predicting sensitivity of platinum-based chemotherapy may contribute to personalized treatment of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma for better clinical outcome with less toxicity. Previously, we generated a cisplatin-sensitive nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line, S16, by clonal selection from CNE-2 cells and found that eIF3a is upregulated and contributes to cisplatin sensitivity by downregulating the synthesis of nucleotide excision repair proteins. In this study, we conducted a gene expression profiling analysis and found three other genes, asparagine synthetase (ASNS), choriogonadotropin α subunit (CGA), and matrix metalloproteinase 19 (MMP19), that are upregulated in the cisplatin-sensitive S16 cells compared with the CNE-2 cells. However, only ASNS and MMP19, but not CGA, contributes to cisplatin sensitivity by potentiating cisplatin-induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Thus, ASNS and MMP19, along with eIF3a, are the sensitivity factors for cisplatin treatment and may serve as potential candidate molecular markers for predicting cisplatin sensitivity of advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(10); 2157–66. ©2013 AACR.
Histological fixation by microwave heating.

Heat can effect the partial denaturation of protein that is the basis of histological fixation. An objection to conventional forms of heating is that only small specimens can be used, as heat conduction is poor in biological materials. Microwave heating overcomes the limits imposed by poor heat conduction. Microwave energy is part of the electro-magnetic spectrum, of similar frequency to radar beam energy, and at a frequency of 2,450 megacycles per second penetrates several centimetres into biological material (Schwan, 1960). This energy is absorbed and converted into heat within the tissue. In effect microwave energy is an alternating electromagnetic field, the direction of which changes
MicroRNA Signatures of Colonic Polyps on Screening and Histology

Colorectal cancer and adenoma adjacent to cancer exhibit distinct microRNA (miRNA) alterations in an apparent mucosa-to-adenocarcinoma sequence. The pattern of microRNAs in screen-detected polyps in relation to histologic features and cancer risk has not been investigated. miRNA expression analysis was performed on normal mucosa (NM), hyperplastic polyps (HP), tubular adenomas (TA), tubulovillous adenomas or high-grade dysplasia (TVHG), and serrated polyps [sessile serrated adenoma/polyps (SSA/P) and traditional serrated adenomas (TSA)] in biopsy specimens from 109 patients undergoing screening/surveillance colonoscopy. Generalized linear models were used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs by histologic type and logistic regression to identify miRNA predictors of histopathology. False discovery rate (FDR) was used to control for multiple comparisons. We identified 99 miRNAs differing in at least one of five histopathologic groups (FDR ≤0.05). In a comparison of HPNM versus TVHG, the top most upregulated and downregulated miRNAs in HPNM included miR-145, -143, -107, -194, and -26a (upregulated), and miR-663, -1268, -320b, -1275, and -320b (downregulated; FDR P < 0.05). miR-145 and -619 showed high accuracy to discriminate low- from high-risk polyps without serrated histology (TVHG vs. HPNM + TA; CI, 95.6%), whereas miR-124, -143, and -30a showed high accuracy of separating high-risk polyps (TVHG + TSA) from low-risk polyps (HPNM + TA + SSA/P; CI, 96.0%). For TSAs, miR-125b and -199a were uniquely downregulated relative to HPNMs, and miR-335, -222, and -214 discriminated between non-serrated and serrated histology. Our data support the presence of colorectal cancer–associated miRNA alterations in screen-detected adenomas that may be useful for risk stratification for surveillance interval planning. Cancer Prev Res; 9(12); 942–9. ©2016 AACR.
Quality of Life in Patients with Endocrine Gastrointestinal Tumours BY GUNNEL LARSSON ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS UPPSALA 2001

Larsson, G. 2001. Quality of Life in Patients with Endocrine Gastrointestinal Tumours. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Comprehensive summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 989. 67 pp. Uppsala. ISBN 91-554-4916-6. The overall aim of this thesis is to investigate health-related quality of life (HRQoL), anxiety and depression in patients with endocrine gastrointestinal (GI) tumours. Patient as well as staff perceptions were assessed. HRQoL was studied with the EORTC QLQ-C30, and anxiety and depression with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. In addition, patient perceptions of the importance of and satisfaction with selected HRQoL aspects were investigated. Semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions were conducted to identify diseaseand treatment-related distress, what constitutes a good quality of life and strategies to "keep a good mood" among these patients. Patients reported a relatively good HRQoL and low levels of anxiety and depression. However, they reported a lower HRQoL than could be expected for healthy people of similar age and gender. Staff gave a more pessimistic view of patient satisfaction with HRQoL aspects than did patients, and staff did not accurately judge individual patients' levels of anxiety and depression. Importance>satisfaction discrepancies for HRQoL aspects may identifiy patients with a low quality of life. HRQoL, anxiety and depression did not change substantially during the first year of treatment. Categories identified through content analysis of interview data concerning distress and quality of life were referred to physical, emotional or social dimensions. Identified strategies to "keep a good mood" were classified as Internal or External. Most categories of distress that were identified are covered by the EORTC QLQ-C30 and/or the HADS, but some additional emotional and social aspects of distress emerged from the interview data. Receiving good care was identified as a strategy to "keep a good mood". This result indicates a possible and potentially important relation between the quality of care and patient HRQoL.
Erythropoietin upregulates growth associated protein-43 expression and promotes retinal ganglion cell axonal regeneration in vivo after optic nerve crush

In this study, we established a rat model of optic nerve crush to explore the effects of erythropoietin on retinal ganglion cell axonal regeneration. At 15 days after injury in erythropoietin treated rats, retinal ganglion cell densities in regions corresponding to the 1/6, 3/6 and 5/6 ratios of the retinal radius were significantly increased. In addition, the number of growth associated protein-43 positive axons was significantly increased at different distances (50, 250 and 500 μm) from the crush site after erythropoietin treatment. Erythropoietin significantly increased growth associated protein-43 protein levels in the retina after crush injury, as determined by western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. These results demonstrate that erythropoietin protects injured retinal ganglion cells and promotes axonal regeneration.
Curcumin Activates AMPK Pathway and Regulates Lipid Metabolism in Rats Following Prolonged Clozapine Exposure

Clozapine (CLO) remains an ultimate option for patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia. However, the atypical antipsychotic is often associated with serious metabolic side effects, such as dyslipidemia. Hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are central in the allosteric control of a variety of lipid biosynthetic pathways. There is emerging evidence that CLO can activate SREBP pathway and enhance downstream lipogenesis, whereas curcumin (CUR), a major active compound of Curcuma longa, contains hypolipidemic properties. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the protective effects of CUR against CLO-induced lipid disturbance and analyzed the expression of key components in hepatic lipid metabolism. Our data showed that 4-week treatment of CLO (15 mg/kg/day) markedly elevated serum lipid levels and resulted in hepatic lipid accumulation, whereas co-treatment of CUR (80 mg/kg/day) alleviated the CLO-induced dyslipidemia. We further demonstrated that CUR appears to be a novel AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonist, which enhanced AMPK phosphorylation and mitigated CLO-induced SREBP overexpression. Additionally, CUR also modulated the downstream SREBP-targeted genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and cholesterol metabolism, including fatty acid synthase (FAS) and HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR). In summary, our study suggests that the suppressed AMPK activity and thereby enhanced SREBP-dependent lipid synthesis could be associated with the antipsychotic-stimulated dyslipidemia, whereas CUR may maintain lipid homeostasis by directly binding to AMPK, indicating that adjunctive use of CUR could be a promising preventive strategy for the drug-induced lipogenesis.
From conceptual intention to utterance: a study of impaired language output in a child with developmental dysphasia.

This is a psycholinguistic case study of a child whose linguistic output is often unintelligible or ungrammatical, and who has been diagnosed as developmental dysphasic. It explores the conceptual intentions expressed in the child’s spontaneous utterances, and her linguistic mapping of these intentions. Analysis of the scope and limits of her output reveal:
Response of Pulmonary Energy Metabolism To Phosgene

Rats were exposed to phosgene at a concentration of 1.0 ppm for 4 hours in a Rochester-type chamber. At intervals thereafter over a 4 day period, lungs were obtained for histological and biochemical assessments. Edema was estimated by histological examination and by measurement of lung wet and dry weights. In parallel studies, pulmonary mitochondrial respiratory activity was measured using Clark oxygen electrodes. The significant reduction in respiratory control index (State 3 respiration/State 4 respiration)found immediately following phosgene exposure coincided with the highest level of % lung water. There was a concomitant decrease of A TP concentration that persisted on the third day after exposure. Na-K-A TPase activity was reduced 1 day after exposure, thus a lowered A TP level preceded a reduction in Na-K-ATPase or sodium pump activity. The reduction in A TP level and Na-K-A TPase activity may play a major role in damage to lung tissue following exposure to phosgene.
Case Series of Paraquat Poisoning in Tuen Mun Hospital

Paraquat is highly toxic to human and is widely used in agriculture as a contact herbicide. However, it is easily accessible in agricultural product shops. Seven cases of paraquat poisoning were treated in Tuen Mun Hospital from 1998–2005. The mortality (4 out of 7) was very high. One patient died after oral exposure to paraquat despite immunosuppressive and antioxidant therapies. The mechanism of toxicity and potential new therapies of paraquat poisoning are discussed in the article.
Duration between onset and time of obtaining initial treatment among people with anxiety and mood disorders: an international survey of members of mental health patient advocate groups

Background. Self-report data obtained from members of advocate groups for patients with anxiety or mood disorders in 11 countries were used to study time to initial professional help-seeking after incident episodes. Method. Data were taken from 3516 self-administered questionnaires completed by members of GAMIAN, an international consortium of mental health patient advocate groups. Reports about age at onset and age at first seeking treatment were obtained retrospectively. Results. Approximately 40% of respondents reported that they sought treatment in the same year as the first onset of their disorder. The median delay in help-seeking was 8 years for the remainder of respondents. Synthetic cohort analysis suggests that delays have decreased in recent cohorts. However, time to initial help-seeking in all cohorts and all countries was found to be inversely related to age at onset. Conclusions. Although caution is needed in generalizing the results beyond members of patient advocate groups, the key patterns found here were also found in previous analyses of general population surveys carried out in the US and Canada. The critical and consistent finding in all these studies is that presumably curable adolescents with early-onset disorders are, in effect, ignored by the treatment system in these countries. Aggressive outreach and intervention among early-onset cases might prove to be a cost-effective approach both to prevent the onset of secondary disorders and to improve success in treating primary disorders.
Impact of non-separable incidence rates on global dynamics of virus model with cell-mediated, humoral immune responses

In this paper, we study the dynamical behavior of a virus model into which cell-mediated and humoral immune responses are incorporated. The global stability of an infection-free equilibrium and four infected equilibria is established via a Lyapunov functional approach. The present construction methods are applicable to a wide range of incidence rates that are monotone increasing with respect to concentration of uninfected cells and concave with respect to the concentration of free virus particles. In addition, when the incidence rate is monotone increasing with respect to concentration of free virus particles, the functional approach plays an important role in determining the global stability of each of the four infected equilibria. This implies that the dynamical behavior of virus prevalence would be determined by basic reproduction numbers when the “saturation effect” for free virus particles appears. We point out that the incidence rate includes not only separable incidence rate but also non-separable incidence rate such as standard incidence and Beddington-DeAngelis functional response. c ©2017 All rights reserved.
An Automated and Data-Driven Bidding Strategy for Online Auctions

The flexibility of time and location as well as the availability of an abundance of both old and new products makes online auctions an important part of people's daily shopping experience. Whereas many bidders rely on variants of the well-documented early or last-minute bidding strategies, neither strategy takes into account the aspect of auction competition: at any point in time, there are hundreds, even thousands, of the same or similar items up for sale, competing for the same bidder. In this paper, we propose a novel automated and data-driven bidding strategy. Our strategy consists of two main components. First, we develop a dynamic, forward-looking model for price in competing auctions. By incorporating dynamic features of the auction process and its competitive environment, our model is capable of accurately predicting an auction's price and outperforming model alternatives such as the generalized additive model, classification and regression trees, or Neural Networks. Then, using the idea of maximizing a bidder's surplus, we build a bidding framework around this model that selects the best auction to bid on and determines the best bid amount. The best auction is given by the one that yields the highest predicted surplus; the best bid amount is given by its predicted auction price. Our approach maximizes expected surplus and balances the probability of winning an auction with its average surplus. In simulations, we compare our automated strategy with early and last-minute bidding and find that our approach extracts 97% and 15% more expected surplus, respectively.
Single event transient pulse widths in digital microcircuits

The radiation effects community has long known that single event transients in digital microcircuits will have an increasing importance on error rates as device sizes shrink. However separating these errors from static errors in latch cells has often proved difficult. Thus determining both the significance and the nature of these transient errors has not been easy. In this study, by utilizing a latch that is radiation hard at static clock frequencies the errors due to transients could be separated. By separating the transient error rate from the static upset error rate, the pulse structure of the propagating transients was studied using SPICE. The implications of these pulsewidths will also be discussed.
A Perceptual Study of American English Diphthongs

This study utilized synthetic speech for describing the phonemic boundaries and the effects of formant course on the identification of / i, ai, au/. In the first experiment, synthesized formant transitions appropriate to classes of / i-ai/ and /au-o/ were presented to ten phonetically trained listeners for purposes of phoneme labelling. Results showed that preferred / i/ courses were from [ ] or [u] to [i, y, I], /ai/ courses from [a] to [I] and /au/ from [a] to [ ]. The purpose of the second experiment was to determine whether the phonetic identity of the targets or the absolute course of the second formant transition serves as the primary identifying cue. These features were separated along the time dimension by synthesizing diphthongs whose second formant frequency course remained fixed but whose durations varied. Results of the listening tests showed shifts in perception from simple vowel to diphthong occurring as a function of duration rather than frequency onset or offset positions. Further, in the case of / i-ai/, second formant rate of change serves as the primary distinguishing cue. The results suggest / i, ai, au/ are characterized by an invariant second formant rate of change, whose onset and offset values vary across changes in duration.