Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of work- related stress on development of neck and shoulder complaints among nurses in one tertiary hospital in Iran

Background: There are some challenges about the role of work- related stress on development of musculoskeletal complaints. The present prospective study was conducted on nurses of Milad hospital in Tehran (Iran) to assess the role of work- related stress on development of neck and shoulder pain among nurses. Methods: From the 1,900 nurses who completed the registry forms, 1,450 nurses met the inclusion criteria. We divided the participants into exposed and unexposed groups according to their DASS-21 scores. We collected the data of neck and shoulder pain among the nurses at two points of the first and the second year after the study, using the Nordic Questionnaire. Qualitative and quantitative variables were compared between the exposed and unexposed variables with chi-square and independent sample t-test, respectively. Results: One year after the commencement of the study, 62 (9.1%) nurses in the exposed group and 36 (4.7%) in the unexposed group had been reported as new cases of neck and shoulder pain, respectively. The incidence of the new cases of neck and shoulder pain was significantly higher in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group (p= 0.001). Two years after the start of the study, at the second follow-up point, 135 (19.8%) nurses in the exposed group and 76 (9.9%) in the unexposed group had been reported as new cases of neck and shoulder pain, respectively. The incidence of new cases of neck and shoulder pain was significantly higher in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group (p<0.001). Conclusions: The incidence of neck and shoulder pain was higher in those nurses with high level of workrelated stress. According to our results, more attention should be paid to mental health as well as physical symptoms and limitations of the healthcare workers when they refer to occupational health services with musculoskeletal pain complaints.
Sunscreen allergy due to cinnamyl alcohol in a ketoprofen-sensitized patient.

ejd.2011. 1256 Auteur(s) : Caterina FOTI c.foti@dermatologia.uniba. it, Paolo ROMITA, Annarita ANTELMI Unit of Dermatology - Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, I-70124 Bari, Italy Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and photoallergic contact dermatitis (PACD) to sunscreens are frequently observed in ketoprofen (KP)-sensitive patients, probably because they widely use these products to protect themselves from [. ]
7 Aging in Women Athletes

Since instating Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, there has been a significant increase in sports participation and athletic opportunities among women (1). While it is still more common for younger than older women to engage in athletic competition, the participation of older women is growing, with over 50 countries sponsoring master athletes events (2). While aging is associated with a decrease in metabolic and physiologic function, competitive athletic women may experience more gradual declines. These declines can be slowed further, by combining adequate dietary intake with proper exercise training. Therefore, this chapter will 1) discuss how aging influences physiologic and metabolic adaptations of highly trained women athletes and 2) explore how nutrition recommendations may change with exercise and the possible benefit of supplementation of micronutrients to improve athletic performance.
The influence of childbirth on psychiatric morbidity

Synopsis The Camberwell Psychiatric Register was searched for contacts by the 2257 women resident in the register catchment area who were known to have had a child in 1970. Of these, 99 women (and 39 of their husbands) were found to have had a ‘new episode’ of psychiatric illness in the two years before or the two years after the birth of their child. The distribution of these ‘new episodes’ relative to the time of childbirth was then studied. In the women, both functional psychoses and depressive illnesses showed a sharp rise in the new episode rate in the three months immediately after delivery. There was also a suggestion of a secondary rise, less dramatic but more sustained, from the 10th to the 24th month after delivery. There was no comparable rise in the husbands. Women whose children were illegitimate had high new episode rates throughout the four-year study period, but not particularly so in the puerperium itself.
A Biological Comparison of Tarnished Plant Bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) Populations from Mississippi's Major Agricultural Regions

ABSTRACT A laboratory experiment was performed to compare fitness parameters of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), populations collected from the Hills and Delta regions of Mississippi. Each population was split into two cohorts to be reared on cotton or artificial diet to make comparisons of food source and region of collection. Each population was maintained separately and allowed to mate. Nymphal survivorship from the F1 generation of each population from each region and food source was compared. Parameters measured included development times to fourth instar, fifth instar and adult, total nymphal survivorship, fecundity, and fertility. Populations collected from the Delta region and reared on cotton developed significantly faster at all life stages than other populations. Tarnished plant bugs from the Hills reared on cotton developed significantly slower than other populations, except those from the Hills reared on artificial diet. Populations reared on diet had significantly higher survivorship than those reared on cotton. Tarnished plant bug populations from the Delta region laid significantly more eggs per female per day than those from the Hills region. Populations reared on cotton also laid significantly more eggs per female per day than those reared on diet. Populations collected in the Delta region laid significantly more viable eggs per female per day than those from the Hills region. Tarnished plant bugs reared on cotton produced significantly more nymphs per female per day than those reared on diet. These data indicate there are differences in several fitness parameters between tarnished plant bug populations from the Hills and Delta regions of Mississippi.
The Patients' View of Life in a Psychiatric Hospital

In any assessment of hospital life, the patients' view is indispensable, but there is no generally accepted way of seeking it. In this study, the views of 258 patients in four ‘traditional’ English psychiatric hospitals were obtained by a questionnaire of 45 items supplemented by freehand comments. Their experience of fellow patients, the staff and the material and institutional aspects of hospital care were explored. Some of the benefits and problems of questionnaire use in this realm are discussed.
The VSOP 5 GHz Active Galactic Nucleus Survey. V. Imaging Results for the Remaining 140 Sources

In 1997 February, the Japanese radio astronomy satellite HALCA was launched to provide the space-bourne element for the VLBI Space Observatory Program (VSOP) mission. Approximately 25% of the mission time was dedicated to the VSOP survey of bright compact active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at 5 GHz. This paper, the fifth in the series, presents images and models for the remaining 140 sources not included in the third paper in the series, which contained 102 sources. For most sources, the plots of the (u,v) coverage, the visibility amplitude versus (u,v) distance, and the high-resolution image are presented. Model fit parameters to the major radio components are determined, and the brightness temperature of the core component for each source is calculated. The brightness temperature distributions for all of the sources in the VSOP AGN survey are discussed.
On Strong Feller, Recurrence, and Weak Stabilization of Regime-Switching Diffusions

Focusing on two-component Markov processes having continuous dynamics and discrete events, this work develops asymptotic properties of regime-switching diffusions. First, strong Feller property is established. Next, classifying the underlying processes as recurrence (positive recurrence or null recurrence) or transience, sufficient conditions for such processes are obtained. In addition to providing general criteria for recurrent and transient switching diffusions, for processes that are linearizable with respect to the continuous component, easily verifiable conditions are established. Also provided are conditions for null-recurrent processes. Furthermore, conditions for controlled switching diffusions in which the feedback controls ensure weak stability (or ergodicity) are given. Finally, simple examples are used for demonstration.
Stability of tropospheric hydroxyl chemistry

[1] Tropospheric hydroxyl (OH) is the cleaning agent of the atmosphere, because most oxidation processes are initiated by OH. If the OH chemical system were unstable, runaway growth of oxidants (autocatalytic conditions) or of reduced gases (catastrophic conditions) might occur, especially because the atmospheric composition is changing rapidly. We present simulations with a global chemistry-transport model, indicating that during the past century, global mean OH has nevertheless remained nearly constant. This constancy is remarkable, because CH4 and CO, the main OH sinks, have increased strongly. We studied the system's sensitivity to perturbations using the OH recycling probability, calculated from primary OH formation and OH recycling. We conclude that the constancy of global mean OH does not imply that regional OH has not changed or that the system is insensitive to perturbations. Over the tropical oceans, where OH concentrations are highest, the system stability is relatively low. During the past century, the OH concentration decreased substantially in the marine troposphere, however, on a global scale, it has been compensated by an increase over the continents associated with strong pollution emissions of nitrogen oxides. Our results suggest that the changing atmospheric composition due to industrialization has been accompanied with a 60% increase in the tropospheric oxidation power (i.e., gross OH production).
Safe reinforcement learning in high-risk tasks through policy improvement

Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods are widely used for dynamic control tasks. In many cases, these are high risk tasks where the trial and error process may select actions which execution from unsafe states can be catastrophic. In addition, many of these tasks have continuous state and action spaces, making the learning problem harder and unapproachable with conventional RL algorithms. So, when the agent begins to interact with a risky and large state-action space environment, an important question arises: how can we avoid that the exploration of the state-action space causes damages in the learning (or other) systems. In this paper, we define the concept of risk and address the problem of safe exploration in the context of RL. Our notion of safety is concerned with states that can lead to damage. Moreover, we introduce an algorithm that safely improves suboptimal but robust behaviors for continuous state and action control tasks, and that learns efficiently from the experience gathered from the environment. We report experimental results using the helicopter hovering task from the RL Competition.
Antioxidant activity and protective effect on DNA strand scission of Rooibos tea (Aspalathus linearis)

Rooibos tea (Aspalathus linearis) was extracted by refluxing with water and 75% ethanol as a solvent. Antioxidant activity and protective effect on DNA strand scission were investigated by using different antioxidant assay systems and DNA strand nicking assay, respectively. 75% Ethanol extract has higher content of total soluble phenolics and flavonoid than water extract. Antioxidant activities such as hydrogen donating capacity and scavenging activity of hydrogen peroxide were higher in 75% ethanol extract than in water extract except the rate constant with hydroxyl radical. Peroxyl radical induced DNA strand scission was prevented by both 75% ethanol and water extract and hydroxyl radical induced DNA strand scission was not. This result indicates that total soluble phenolics, specially flavonoid, of Rooibos tea are responsible for several kinds of antioxidant activities and preventive activity on peroxyl radical induced DNA strand scission.
Enzyme Leakage, Trypsinogen Activation, and Inflammatory Response in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography-Induced Pancreatitis

Introduction Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)–induced pancreatitis (EIP) provides an opportunity to study different pathophysiologic events early in the course of acute pancreatitis. Aims To investigate whether the leakage of pancreatic proenzymes (anionic trypsinogen), pancreatic protease activation (carboxypeptidase B activation peptide), cytokine response (interleukin [IL]–1 receptor antagonist, IL-6, and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-I) and neutrophil activation (neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin and polymorphonuclear elastase) differ between patients with and without EIP. A second aim was to clarify the temporal relation between these different events. Methodology Ninety-nine nonconsecutive patients undergoing ERCP were investigated in the study. Results Fourteen of 99 patients undergoing ERCP developed mild EIP. Six hours after the investigation the concentration of anionic trypsinogen was significantly higher in patients with EIP than in patients without EIP. The day after ERCP, higher concentrations of anionic trypsinogen, carboxypeptidase B activation peptide, IL-6, and polymorphonuclear elastase were recorded in the EIP group. No significant differences in IL-1 receptor antagonist, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-I or neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin were found between the groups in this study. Conclusion Mild EIP was accompanied by early leakage of proenzymes and later activation of trypsinogen/proteases. A significant cytokine response and neutrophil activation were recorded the day after ERCP, but further studies are needed to determine the temporal relation between these different pathophysiologic events.
Influence of copper on resistance of Lumbricus terrestris to bacterial challenge

Earthworms, Lumbricus terrestris, were challenged orally and intracoelomically with two bacterial species, Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and mortality rates were observed. Neither were found to be particularly pathogenic at injected doses of up to 108 bacteria per earthworm. The influence of Cu++ (as CuSO4) on the earthworm's response to bacterial challenge was investigated by exposing earthworms to sublethal levels of Cu++ prior to bacterial challenge. Exposure at sublethal concentrations up to 3 m g/cm2 did not have a pronounced influence on host resistance to challenge as measured by earthworm mortality. Cu++ increased the earthworm's ability to agglutinate rabbit erythrocytes, indicating that Cu++ exposure caused coelomocyte death, autolysis and release of agglutinins into the coelom, possibly explaining resistance to bacterial challenge.
The Informatics Transform: Re-Engineering Libraries for the Data Decade

In this paper, Liz Lyon explores how libraries can re-shape to better reflect the requirements and challenges of today’s data-centric research landscape. The Informatics Transform presents five assertions as potential pathways to change, which will help libraries to re-position, re-profile, and re-structure to better address research data management challenges. The paper deconstructs the institutional research lifecycle and describes a portfolio of ten data support services which libraries can deliver to support the research lifecycle phases. Institutional roles and responsibilities for research data management are also unpacked, building on the framework from the earlier Dealing with Data Report. Finally, the paper examines critical capacity and capability challenges and proposes some innovative steps to addressing the significant skills gaps.
Role of district and community nurses in bereavement care: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND The district nurse is one of the main providers of palliative care, which includes bereavement care. However, previous evidence shows a lack of education and training, as well as time management, as important factors in the delivery of bereavement care. AIM This qualitative study aimed to explore the provision of bereavement care from a district nurse's perspective. METHOD Data were collected from five participants using semi-structured interviews, and thematically analysed to produce the findings. The interviews were conducted within the author's and participants' working environments to maintain a professional stance between both parties. FINDINGS The results suggest an awareness of bereavement care, but a lack of training and education into the theoretical aspects of the care. Knowing the types and stages of bereavement would be beneficial, both in the delivery and the identification of the most effective time to refer on. CONCLUSION Bereavement care was understood to be part of the district nurse role, but the findings suggest that some nurses get too involved and no end date could be standardised, as each case is dependent on need. More experience of bereavement care and exposure increased awareness to its importance and improved confidence toward its delivery.
Comments on a biochemical model of cyclophosphamide hematotoxicity.

The blood consists of many different cell types supporting many different functions ranging from oxygen transport to killing virally infected cells (Alberts et al., 1983). The three basic structures are the erythrocytes (red blood cells), megakaryocytes (platelet-forming cells), and leukocytes (white blood cells). The primary function of erythrocytes involves transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide; when mature, these cells contain no nucleus, having extruded it into the bone marrow shortly before leaving the bone. The megakaryocytes have highly polyploid nuclei and remain in the bone marrow when mature. These cells are very large and have a cytoplasm that is subdivided by layers of membranes. Their main function is to produce platelets, which originate as vesicles in the cytoplasm and detach in large numbers from the outside of the cell. The leukocytes are much fewer in number than the erythrocytes (by a factor of about 1000) but have much greater variety. The five major types of leukocytes are the neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. The neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are jointly classified as granulocytes since they contain secretory vesicles (granules) with different chemistries and functions. Each type of leukocyte has its own rate of turnover, ranging from hours to years. For example, granulocytes circulate in the blood for only a few hours before migrating into the connective tissue, where they reside somewhat longer; neutrophils survive only a few days after leaving the bloodstream. Hematotoxicity can affect all aspects of this system or very specific cell types during different phases of differentiation. Cyclophosphamide is a broad-spectrum immunotoxic compound, showing stimulation of certain aspects of the immune system at low doses and general suppression at higher doses (Luster et al., 1995). The stimulation at lower doses is probably due to the greater sensitivity of T-helper cells (Turk & Parker, 1982) to cyclophosphamide at these levels with an alteration in the balance of cell types, most notably an increase in B-cell numbers at lower doses.
The Impatience of Youth: Phasic Cardiovascular Response in Type A and Type B Elementary School‐Aged Boys

&NA; Impatience, one major Type A characteristic, alters the performance of tasks requiring anticipation and accurate responding. Beat‐by‐beat changes in heart rate are also known to occur during anticipatory attention. In college‐ and middle‐aged adult samples, impatience is related to these beat‐by‐beat heart rate changes during anticipatory attention. The objective of the current study was to see if this relationship was also present in children classified by the impatience‐aggression scale of the Matthews Youth Test for Health, a measure of children's Type A behaviors. In study 1, 34 fifth‐grade boys performed a modified Pong task. In study 2, 30 fourth‐grade boys performed a variable interval simple reaction time task. In both studies, patient and impatient boys showed different beat‐by‐beat heart rate responses. The results were generally, but not wholly, consistent with the view that impatience leads to a late developing and quickly recovering but robust deceleration at the time of an anticipated event. Consistencies as well as inconsistencies of our findings with the results from college‐ and middle‐aged samples are discussed.
Genotypic Diversity ofWild Cherry (Prunus aviumL.) in the Part of its Natural Distribution in Croatia

SAŽETAK: Klonski materijal za istraživanje genotipske raznolikosti divlje tresnje koristen je iz klonske sjemenske plantaže (Sumarija Kutina), a cinila su ga 24 selekcionirana plus stabla iz podrucja sjeverozapadne Hrvatske. Klonovi su analizirani pomocu 15 odabranih mikrosatelitnih DNK biljega (SSR), koji su odabrani od organizacije ECPGR. Otkriveno je bogatstvo alelnih varijacija kod SSR lokusa, a utvrđen visok stupanj polimorfizma potvrdio je postojanje ne samo opsežne morfoloske, vec i vrlo znacajne genetske raznolikosti. Na temelju udjela zajednickih alela (D PSAM) izracunata je prosjecna genet ska udaljenost od 0.573. Najmanja genetska udaljenost (DPSAM = 0.100) zabilježena je između genotipova ‘KP2’ i ‘KP5’ (Klostar Podravski, regija Koprivnica), koji su se podudarali u 27 od 30 alela, dok je najveca genetska udaljenost (DPSAM = 0.933) zabilježena između genotipova ‘Đu2’ (Đulovac, regija Bjelovar) i ‘L3’ (Lipovljani, regija Zagreb) koji su se razlikovali u 28 od 30 alela. Matrica genetske udaljenosti, temeljena na udjelu zajednickih alela (D PSAM), nije utvrdila jasno svrstavanje jedinki divlje tresnje s obzirom na njihovo porijeklo, odnosno regiju (Koprivnica, Bjelovar, Zagreb). Analizom molekularne varijance (AMOVA) utvrđeno je da je znatno veci postotak (95.88 %) ukupne mikrosatelitne raznolikosti uzrokovan razlikama između jedinki unutar regija, od onog uzrokovanog razlikama između istraživanih regija (4.12 %). φ – statistika je iznosila 0.041 i bila je visokosignifikantna (P < 0.01) sto ukazuje na postojanje određene regionalne strukturiranosti genetske raznolikosti, a prikazana je osima faktorijalne analize korespondcije (FCA). Prva os objasnjava 63.76 % ukupne inercije, i razdvojila je jedinke iz regije Zagreb od jedinki iz regije Bjelovar i Koprivnica, dok je druga os sa 36.24 % razdvojila jedinke iz regije Bjelovar od onih iz regije Koprivnica. Kljuc ne rijec i: Prunus avium L. , mikrosatelitni biljezi SSR, genetska raznolikost.