Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global Aspects of Australian Aboriginal Law Systems: A Biological Perspective

A new natural law theory was proposed in ‘A Biological Theory of Law’. This theory holds that law mirrors properties of genes. Probably the most distinguishing characteristic of a gene is that it can replicate itself ad infinitum (the genetic priority of growth), as long as there are sufficient molecules available that can feed the replication. On top of that a gene is stable and it bears a code that can generate all kinds of biological structures. These biological structures could not evolve if genes did not work together. Genes that work together in a reciprocal way can be successful in spreading and therefore their number will grow. In essence, biological theory of law is based on fractal patterns. Fractals are objects whose smallest particles have the same structure as the composite whole of these particles. Macro scale patterns mirror micro scale patterns. Consequently, by studying micro scale patterns we can discover forces that drive macro scale patterns.
[Retrospective study of exchange transfusion for newborn infants with reconstituted blood. Review of 60 exchanges].

PURPOSE The necessity of saving blood products has established the practice of exchange transfusion (ET) with reconstituted blood in newborns. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the indications and the practice of this technique at the Perinatal Hemobiology Centre (Paris, France). METHODS The records of intervention allowed us to review the etiologic categories for neonates having undergone exchange transfusion with reconstituted blood, the dosages used (bilirubin, hemoglobin), and the other main parameters of ET. RESULTS Sixty ETs were performed in 48 newborns between the 1st July 1996 and the 1st July 1998. Twenty-seven with Rh hemolytic disease had 39 ETs (19 for hyperbilirubinemia, 12 for anemia, and eight for both), whereas ten out of 12 repeated ETs were indicated for hyperbilirubinemia (six of these cases were in newborns weighing > or = 2500 g and after a volume exchange < or = 1 blood mass [range 0.72-1.0] at the last ET). Twenty-one cases showed other diseases: six of them had anemia, nine had hyperbilirubinemia, and seven showed disseminated coagulopathy. The tolerance of ET was poor in 24% infants in this group. CONCLUSIONS The volume of 1.3 blood mass for ET is sufficient for the majority of cases with hyperbilirubinemia, allowing transfusional savings in comparison with the previous recommendation of two blood volumes. Exact labeling of the content of units of packed red cells and plasma is essential to fulfill the volume and hematocrit requirements in every case.
Luteinizing-hormone Releasing Hormone Therapy and the Risk of Death From Alzheimer Disease

PurposeWe evaluated the risk of death from Alzheimer disease (AD) in men with prostate cancer undergoing treatment with or without a luteinizing-hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist. MethodsBetween 1997 and 2007, 6,647 men were treated with brachytherapy for prostate cancer with (N=1,700) or without (N=4,947) LHRH agonist therapy. Competing risks multivariable regression was performed to assess whether the use of a LHRH agonist was associated with the risk of death from AD adjusting for the presence of mild AD and age at presentation and known prostate cancer prognostic factors. ResultsAfter a median follow-up of 4.1 years, 1.2% (81/6,647) of the study cohort died from AD accounting for 16% (81/506) of all observed mortality. There was a significant reduction in the risk of death from AD in men who were treated with a LHRH agonist for a median of 4.0 months as compared with those who were not [adjusted hazard ratio: 0.45 (95% confidence interval, 0.25-0.83); P=0.01]. ConclusionsLHRH agonist use as compared with no use in men with prostate cancer was associated with a decreased risk of death from AD.
[no title]

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. No title Thomas Trombetta, Francesca Vidussi, Cécile Roques, Marco Scotti, Behzad Mostajir
Effect of Cleft Type on Overall Speech Intelligibility and Resonance

The main purpose of this study was to measure and compare the effect of an unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and a bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) on overall speech intelligibility, nasalance and nasality. An additional objective was to compare the nasalance and nasality patterns of cleft palate children with the available normative data for normal children. The subjects were 37 children with an UCLP (19/37) or a BCLP (18/37) with normal cognitive and motor functions and normal hearing levels. All subjects had a non-syndromic cleft, followed the same surgical protocol and did not undergo secondary pharyngeal surgery. To measure and compare the effect of cleft type, objective and subjective assessment techniques were used. For the objective assessment of nasal resonance the nasometer and the mirror-fogging test were used. Nasalance scores were obtained, while patients produced sounds, read three standard passages or repeated sentences focusing on specific consonants. A perceptual evaluation of speech, the Gutzmann (1913) test and the tests of Bzoch (1989) were used as subjective assessment techniques. The perceptual assessment of the overall speech intelligibility was based on the spontaneous speech and reading or repeating of the nasometric sentences. These samples were judged by three speech pathologists using a 4-category nominal scale. A subjective test (Morley, 1945) was used to evaluate the velopharyngeal mechanism. The findings of the present study show no statistically significant differences for nasalance values, nasality and overall speech intelligibility between the UCLP and BCLP children. Significant differences were found between the data of the normal group and the cleft palate children. These differences included nasalance values as well as nasality data and overall speech intelligibility.
How to ensure the modular UPS with high reliability

Modular UPSs have more than ten years of history, and have been widely used in large data centers thanks to their features of high availability, high scalability, easy maintenance, high efficiency, and many other advantages. The reliability of a modular UPS primarily depends on the system architecture design which should be simple and decoupled to avoid single points of failure. Key parts such as power modules, control modules, the system communication bus, power supply, and fans must be redundant. The UPS system reliability also depends on the system fault detection and isolation mechanisms, which ensure that a faulty unit is promptly detected and automatically isolated from the system so that remaining operational units can continue supplying power safely. Lastly, real-time detection and health condition evaluation of vulnerable devices ensure long term reliable operation of the power supply system. Leveraging its powerful and professional test verification platform, Huawei verifies and optimizes its modular UPS products through 21 special reliability tests, ensuring strong UPS adaptability to power grids, various environments, and loads.
Financial reform lessons and strategies

The argument in favor of gradual - but sustained - financial reform is based on two factors. First, the development of borrower net worth will determine the health of the real and, ultimately, the financial sector. Thus, speeding up reforms when borrower net worth is subject to positive shocks - or slowing them when it is subject to negative shocks - appears sensible and appears to have worked better in practice. Second, the initial conditions of the banking sector - not just its net worth but its stock of human capital, the initial portfolio mix, and the internal incentive systems - will also determine the success of any reforms. Thus the speed of financial reform must be related to these conditions: rapid reform with unskilled bankers, unbalanced portfolios, and perverse"bank cultures"is a sure recipe for financial crisis. Of course, political factors can present unique opportunities to point an economy rapidly and permanently toward a more market-based system. And these opportunities should be seized. But where possible, financial reforms should consider links to the real sector and institutional development. The case for gradual reforms is not one for inaction, as the conclusions of this study suggest that financial reform is worth the effort and that, with due attention to the institutional environment, the lessons can be applied elsewhere. Authorities can do much to increase the market orientation of their financial system, with all its benefits, even without a big bang. They can eliminate the grossest interest subsidies, move toward market financing of government debt, and raise deposit rates at least to only slightly negativeor modestly positive levels, paying attention to budget realities. In several countries, authorities ended modest financial repression early in their reform efforts, while still retaining some controls. Of those that moved fastest on interest rate deregulation, Indonesia and New Zealand met most of the foregoing conditions, with some uncertainty about the health of the banks at the point of deregulation. But in both cases banks had a window of a few years before new entry was permitted, allowing them time to adjust before competition intensified. Caution regarding entry helped to limit the reduction in the franchise value of bank licenses, especially given the limitations on supervisory skills. And in both cases, deregulation coincided with falling world interest rates. Although an eclectic approach to financial reform is more difficult to manage than one of immediate, complete deregulation, it appears borne out by the country cases and the theoretical approaches reviewed here.
Board Structure/Composition and Remuneration Influence on Corporate Financial Performance - Does Corporate Governance Make a Difference?

Purpose – This paper develops a discussion leading on from a paper relating the influence of board structure/composition and remuneration on the financial performance of a public listed corporation, but adding the new independent variable of corporate governance practice.Design/methodology/approach – This study entails two legal systems, common law including; Australia, The United States of America and The United Kingdom; and codified law including; Germany, France and Italy.The data collected is from public listed corporations from 2000 – 2006 for the development of multivariate regression models for parametric data.These developed models are constructed to test relationships between dependant and independent variables in line with research questions and hypotheses.Findings – The findings found that there was a mixture of results of results between unitary board structures in common law legal systems and dual boards in codified law legal systems.Originality/value – The paper will be of vital importance to other academics looking at this question, and to both public and private sector entities.
Environmental characteristics associated with pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions in Denver, Colorado.

OBJECTIVES We examined patterns of pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions and associated environmental characteristics in Denver, Colorado. METHODS We integrated publicly available data on motor vehicle collisions, liquor licenses, land use, and sociodemographic characteristics to analyze spatial patterns and other characteristics of collisions involving pedestrians. We developed both linear and spatially weighted regression models of these collisions. RESULTS Spatial analysis revealed global clustering of pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions with concentrations in downtown, in a contiguous neighborhood, and along major arterial streets. Walking to work, population density, and liquor license outlet density all contributed significantly to both linear and spatial models of collisions involving pedestrians and were each significantly associated with these collisions. CONCLUSIONS These models, constructed with data from Denver, identified conditions that likely contribute to patterns of pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions. Should these models be verified elsewhere, they will have implications for future research directions, public policy to enhance pedestrian safety, and public health programs aimed at decreasing unintentional injury from pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions and promoting walking as a routine physical activity.
The effect of soft factors and quality improvement on performance of Malaysia’s electrical and electronics industry

Abstract First, this study analyze the relationships among the soft factors, quality improvement, and organizational performance, and second, advanced the study by examining quality improvement as an organizational development practice in mediating the relationship between soft factors and organizational performance in 255 Malaysia’s Electrical and Electronics (E&E) firms. Structural equation modeling statistical technique was used to test the proposed theoretical model. The findings revealed that, five of the soft factors, namely: management commitment, customer focus, employee involvement, reward and recognition, and supplier relationship explained almost 94 percent of the variation in quality improvement. Four soft factors, namely: management commitment, customer focus, reward and recognition, and employee involvement were significant predictors of organizational performance. The study found that reward and recognition exerts the strongest total effect on organizational performance. The next strongest total effect is customer focus.
Older Adults and the Fear of Death: The Protective Function of Generativity

RÉSUMÉ La théorie de la gestion de terreur (TGT) indique que les visions du monde culturel apaisent les inquiétudes au sujet de la mortalité humaine. Des recherches préliminaires avec des personnes âgées ont indiqué que les personnes âgées ne répondent pas aux rappels de la mort de la même manière que leurs plus jeunes homologues. Le but de l’étude était de tester un concept de développement pertinent qui peut fonctionner comme un tampon contre l’anxiété ressenti à la mort à la fin de vie. L’hypothèse est que le concept de générativité d’ Erikson peut comprendre des propriétés niant de la mort pour les personnes âgées. Cent soixante-dix-neuf personnes âgées ont été recrutés pour déterminer si les initiations* subtiles mais saillants de la mortalité conduirait les participants à évaluer leur propre générativité comme étant plus élevé qu’après les initiations flagrantes, ou pas du tout, après contrôle de la générativité avant l’initiation. Comme prévu, les participants exposés à subtile renforcements de la mort se sont considérés comme ayant des niveaux plus élevés de la générativité que les deux autres groupes après générativité covariable avant. Les explications sont discutées à la lumière de la littérature sur la TGT et la générativité. ABSTRACT Terror management theory (TMT) posits that cultural worldviews function to allay concerns about human mortality. Preliminary research with older adults has indicated that seniors do not respond to death reminders in the same way as their younger counterparts. The purpose of the current study was to test a developmentally relevant construct that may buffer death anxiety in later life. It was hypothesized that Erikson’s concept of generativity may encompass death-denying properties for older adults. One hundred and seventy-nine seniors were recruited to determine if subtle mortality salience inductions would lead participants to rate their own generativity as higher than after a blatant induction, or no induction, after controlling for pre-induction generativity. As expected, participants exposed to subtle death primes rated themselves as having higher levels of generativity than the other two groups after co-varying pre-induction generativity. Explanations are discussed in light of the literatures on TMT and generativity.
A randomized evaluation of ethambutol for prevention of relapse and drug resistance during treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex bacteremia with clarithromycin-based combination therapy. California Collaborative Treatment Group.

Patients with AIDS and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteremia are at high risk for relapse and emergence of resistant isolates during monotherapy with clarithromycin. Ninety-five AIDS patients with MAC bacteremia received clarithromycin plus clofazimine, with or without ethambutol, in a prospective, multicenter, randomized open-label trial. Of 80 patients with positive baseline cultures, sterilization or a 2 log10 reduction in colony-forming units of MAC in two consecutive blood cultures occurred in 69% of both groups. There were nine relapses in the two-drug arm and three in the three-drug arm. Kaplan-Meier estimates of risk of relapse at 36 weeks were 68% and 12%, respectively (P = .004). All relapse isolates were resistant to clarithromycin. Median time to clarithromycin resistance was 16 weeks with two drugs and 40 weeks with three drugs (P = .004). Ethambutol reduced relapses and emergence of clarithromycin resistance and should be considered an essential component of clarithromycin-based therapies for MAC bacteremia.
INFLUENCE OF WEB ADVERTISING ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR IN MAIDUGURI METROPOLIS, NIGERIA

The study investigates the influence of web advertising on consumers in Maiduguri Metropolis. 150 questionnaires were distributed randomly to respondents scattered in the two Local Government Areas that made up Maiduguri Metropolis. 139 questionnaires were completed and returned. The study discovered that majority 100(71.94%) of the respondents said their disposition towards web advertising was positive. Minority 39(28.06%) of the respondents said that their disposition towards web advertising was negative. 102(73.38%) of the respondents said their attitude towards web advertising was informative. The study, also find out that majority 42(30.22%) of the respondents said web advertising influences them to use some of the products and services. A total of 32(23.02) of the respondents reported that web advertising only influences them to plan for their future purchase. Furthermore, another 22(15.83%) of the respondents said that web advertising influences them to purchase some of the products and services. The study revealed the challenges encountered while purchasing what consumers see advertised on the web, these include; erratic electricity supply, lack of access to internet, services not provided as advertised, fraud and products were delivered in bad conditions. The study then concluded that the influence of web advertising on consumers over other forms of advertising would continue to increase, because of its’ interactive nature, the global platform it presents to companies that advertised on it and the opportunities offered to consumers to purchase goods and services through online.
Board Influence on Remuneration: A Literature Review

Purpose – This paper develops a discussion for the board influence on board of directors and CEO remuneration of public listed corporation.Design/methodology/approach – This study entails Australia, The United States of America and The United Kingdom.Findings – The findings show that there is a proportionate mix of direct correlation between the influence of board members and the remuneration of executive directors and the CEO of public listed corporations.Originality/value – The paper will be of vital importance to other academics looking at this question, and to both public and private sector entities.
Model Prediction of Particulate Dispersion from a Cement Mill Stack : Case Study of a Cement Plant In Nigeria

This research work was necessitated as a result of high pollution rate of particulate matters within and outside cement plants in Nigeria. The study plans to applied Gaussian predictive model to quantify the concentration of particulate dispersion from a cement mill stack and to identify a safety distance for human settlement and activities. The meteorological concentrations of particulate matter have been measured using the SKC deployable particulate sampler both in the plant and far away from the cement mill stack. Concentration of Particulate matter was computed using the formulated Gaussian plume model that incorporates meteorological and source related factors to estimate particulates’ concentration downwind from a cement mill stack. The simulated results are in agreement with the experimental results at an average value of 92% within a Gaussian distance of 200 – 2,000m. The simulated results of this work shows that the concentrations in the ambient air at a distance of about 1.5 – 4.5km from the stack is higher than the World Health Organisation standard annual average value of 260μg/m and 2.0 – 4.0km from the stack was also higher than the Nigerian Federal Ministry of Environmental standard annual average value of 500μg/m. Due to other fugitive emissions from cement plants, a simulated safety distance beyond 7.0km from the plant is recommended for human settlement and activities.
The Risks of Outsourcing IT

Although large corporations continue to outsource it services, the issues of whether and how to outsource generate strong emotions on the part of managers. Many practitioners and academics now argue for selective or "smart" sourcing. According to this author, this is probably a sensible approach to balance efficiency and effectiveness in providing IT services. However, the author argues that companies should first ask why they should not insource IT services. His perspective is based on an analysis of eleven risks of outsourcing that he identified in discussions with both buyers and vendors in the IT outsourcing marketplace.
Urinary biomarkers for prostate cancer

Purpose of review The field of urology has been beset by several major trends that have affected the early detection of prostate cancer. These stem primarily from a backlash against overdiagnosis due to prostate specific antigen-based screening efforts and are epitomized by the US Preventive Services Task Force giving prostate specific antigen-based prostate cancer screening a ‘D’ recommendation. Consequently, the active surveillance strategy for low-risk prostate cancer has become commonplace, leading many to ask how best to follow these patients. More importantly, this public outcry has shifted the focus of early detection from an effort to diagnose any and all prostate cancers to an effort to diagnose only ‘high-risk’ cancer. Along with a trend for minimally invasive procedures, these forces have challenged the early detection field to more efficiently identify clinically significant prostate cancers at an early stage while limiting the number of biopsies. Recent findings With US Food and Drug Administration approval, prostate cancer antigen 3 has emerged as the first bona-fide urinary biomarker for prostate cancer. Using the same platform, investigators have developed a second urinary test based on TMPRSS2:erg fusion. Recent literature supports the use of these biomarkers as a combined panel that improves risk evaluation in the setting of prostate cancer detection. Early works for applying urinary biomarkers for active surveillance are underway. Other biomarkers in the pipeline will require further prevalidation and validation work. Summary Recent literature would support that urinary biomarkers have a clear role to supplement risk evaluation for men undergoing prostate biopsy and for prognostication.