Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of genetic diversity among wheat doubled haploid plants using TRAP markers and morpho-agronomic traits

The objectives of this study were to compare the agronomic performance of wheat doubled haploid (DH) lines derived via microspore culture against their corresponding parental lines under field conditions. We also estimated the genetic diversity using molecular markers and agronomic performance to find an association between molecular markers and agronomic traits. DH wheat lines derived from microspore cultures system of the four wheat populations (Irena × Ksu102, Lang × Ksu105, Klasic × Ksu105 and Yecora Rojo × Ksu106) were evaluated for agronomic traits under normal field conditions. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the parental wheat genotypes and doubled haploid lines for all the agronomic traits in four studied populations. The results indicated that the DH16 (9.2 t ha -1 ) was significantly different from their parents (Ksu105 and Klasic) for grain yield (7.5 and 4.1 t ha -1 in parents, respectively). The DH4 and DH11 were also significantly different from the two parents; Ksu106 and Yecora Rojo for biological and grain yield. Forty different target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) primer combinations were used to evaluate the variation among parental and doubled haploid lines. The dendrogram creadted based on morpho-agronomic traits differed from that based on TRAP markers. However, the combined analysis produced similar dendrogram to that produced using TRAP marker alone. Our results show that wheat doubled haploid production via microspore cultures can generate lines that have the potential for commercial production as well as lines that can be incorporated into a breeding program.
The temporal response to drought in a Mediterranean evergreen tree: comparing a regional precipitation gradient and a throughfall exclusion experiment

Like many midlatitude ecosystems, Mediterranean forests will suffer longer and more intense droughts with the ongoing climate change. The responses to drought in long‐lived trees differ depending on the time scale considered, and short‐term responses are currently better understood than longer term acclimation. We assessed the temporal changes in trees facing a chronic reduction in water availability by comparing leaf‐scale physiological traits, branch‐scale hydraulic traits, and stand‐scale biomass partitioning in the evergreen Quercus ilex across a regional precipitation gradient (long‐term changes) and in a partial throughfall exclusion experiment (TEE, medium term changes). At the leaf scale, gas exchange, mass per unit area and nitrogen concentration showed homeostatic responses to drought as they did not change among the sites of the precipitation gradient or in the experimental treatments of the TEE. A similar homeostatic response was observed for the xylem vulnerability to cavitation at the branch scale. In contrast, the ratio of leaf area over sapwood area (LA/SA) in young branches exhibited a transient response to drought because it decreased in response to the TEE the first 4 years of treatment, but did not change among the sites of the gradient. At the stand scale, leaf area index (LAI) decreased, and the ratios of stem SA to LAI and of fine root area to LAI both increased in trees subjected to throughfall exclusion and from the wettest to the driest site of the gradient. Taken together, these results suggest that acclimation to chronic drought in long‐lived Q. ilex is mediated by changes in hydraulic allometry that shift progressively from low (branch) to high (stand) organizational levels, and act to maintain the leaf water potential within the range of xylem hydraulic function and leaf photosynthetic assimilation.
Balanced source terms for wave generation within the Hasselmann equation

Abstract. The new Zakharov–Resio–Pushkarev (ZRP) wind input source term Zakharov et al.(2012) is examined for its theoretical consistency via numerical simulation of the Hasselmann equation. The results are compared to field experimental data, collected at different sites around the world, and theoretical predictions based on self-similarity analysis. Consistent results are obtained for both limited fetch and duration limited statements.
Proof of the Payne-Pólya-Weinberger conjecture

In 1955 and 1956 Payne, Pólya, and Weinberger considered the problem of bounding ratios of eigenvalues for homogeneous membranes of arbitrary shape [PPW1, PPW2]. Among other things, they showed that the ratio k2IK °f * ^ r s t t w o eigenvalues was less than or equal to 3 and went on to conjecture that the optimal upper bound for A2/Aj was its value for the disk, approximately 2.539. It is this conjecture which we establish below. Since 1956 various authors have attempted to prove the conjecture of Payne, Pólya, and Weinberger and some have been able to improve upon the constant 3. Specifically, Brands [Br] in 1964 obtained the value 2.686, de Vries [dV] in 1967 obtained 2.658, and Chiti [Ch2] in 1983 obtained 2.586. In addition, Thompson [Th] gave the natural extension of the PPW argument to dimension n, obtaining
Lack of correlation between neutralizing antibody production and suppression of coxsackievirus B-3 replication in target organs: evidence for involvement of mononuclear inflammatory cells in host defense.

CD-1 mice inoculated with coxsackievirus B-3 i.p. developed a generalized infection involving the heart, pancreas, and liver. The disease was nonlethal and viral growth in the target organs was terminated in about a week. Administration of cortisone acetate 30 min to 2 hr before infection markedly enhanced the severity of disesae. Abnormally high titers of virus were found in the target organs between days 3 and 7 with persistence of infectious virus in the heart for at least 2 weeks. In addition the extent of necrosis of myofibers, pancreatic acini, and hepatic parenchyma was increased and a high percentage of the animals died. There was no evidence that the anti-viral antibody response was impaired in steroid-treated mice since concentrations of neutralizing antibody in the circulation were normal. In contrast, immigration of mononuclear inflammatory cells into the hearts of these animals was depressed and when present, foci of inflammation contained some polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The data indicate that inhibition of coxsackieviral growth cannot be attributed to the sole effects of neutralizing antibody and suggest that mononuclear inflammatory cells infiltrating the heart play a role in primary host defense.
Enumeration of Connected Uniform Hypergraphs

In this paper, we are concerned in counting exactly and asymptotically connected labeled b-uniform hypergraphs (b ≥ 3). Enumerative results on connected graphs are generalized here to connected uniform hypergraphs. For this purpose, these structures are counted according to the number of vertices and hyperedges. First, we show how to compute step by step the associated exponential generating functions (EGFs) by means of differential equations and provide combinatorial interpretations of the obtained results. Next, we turn on asymptotic enumeration. We establish Wright-like inequalities for hypergraphs and by means of complex analysis, we obtain the asymptotic number of connected b-uniform hypergraphs with n vertices and (n + l)/(b − 1) hyperedges whenever l = o(n1/3/b1/3). This latter result confirms a conjecture made by Karoński and Luczak in [20] about the validity of their formula for excesses in the ‘Wright’s range’. Résumé. Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons à l’énumération exacte puis asymptotique des hypergraphes b-uniformes (b ≥ 3) . Des résultats énumératifs sur les graphes sont ici généralisés pour les hypergraphes b-uniformes. Dans cette optique, ces structures sont énumérées suivant le nombre de sommets et le nombre d’hyperarêtes. Premièrement, nous montrons comment obtenir récursivement leurs fonctions génératrices exponentielles et nous justifions alors les formes des résultats ainsi obtenus par des arguments combinatoires. Ensuite, nous faisons l’énumération asymptotique. Nous établissons des inégalités similaires à celles de Wright pour les hypergraphes, en passant par de l’analyse complexe, nous obtenons l’asymtotique du nombre d’hypergraphes connexes b-uniformes ayant n sommets et (n + l)/(b− 1) hyperarêtes quand l = o(n1/3/b1/3). Ce dernier résultat confirme une conjecture de Karoǹski et Luczak dans [20] pour avoir une formule valide avec des excès dans ‘l’intervalle de Wright’.
Attitudes of Developing Counties Towards “Country-of-Origin” Products in an Era of Multiple Brands

Abstract Outside Nigeria, very little is known about the attitudes of Nigerian consumers towards Nigeria-made-products. This study investigated the influence of country-of-origin on attitudes towards products made in three technologically more advanced (TMA) countries and three technologically less advanced (TLA) countries. Three generic product forms, namely products-in-general∗ cars/spare parts and electronics were compared on six product-related attributes for the six countries. The results showed that products from the TMA countries were viewed more positively by nationals of developing countries, than those from the TLA countries. The respondents rated all products from developed countries more favorably than homemade products, suggesting reverse ethnocen-trism. In addition to the influence of the image of the country-of-origin and actual experience with the product, attitudes towards foreign production may have benefited from the sheer idea of foreignness being superior to domestic products or servi.
Measuring market orientation in nonprofit organizations

Past studies have shown that market orientation improves performance in nonprofit organizations. As a result, nonprofit practitioners' and researchers' interest in the theory of market orientation has been growing over the years. However, much less attention has been paid to developing a proprietary scale of market orientation in the nonprofit context. Previous studies have relied on the MARKOR scale with minor changes in its wordings to suit the nonprofit context. Synthesizing B. Shapiro's (1973. Marketing for nonprofit organizations. Harvard Business Review, 51(5), 223–232) dual target-customer perspective with J. Narver and S. Slater's (1990. The effect of a market orientation on business profitability. Journal of Marketing, 54(2), 20–35) view of market orientation, P. Modi and D. Mishra (2010. Conceptualising market orientation in non-profit organisations: Definition, performance, and preliminary construction of a scale. Journal of Marketing Management, 26, 548–569) offered a conceptualization of market orientation in nonprofit organizations (MONPO), and constructed a preliminary scale to measure it. This paper refines the preliminary MONPO scale and constructs a parsimonious, valid, and psychometrically versatile confirmatory scale using data from 579 nonprofit organizations engaged in delivering community services. Social desirability and method biases do not seem to adversely affect the finalized MONPO scale.
The Triad of Pain, Fatigue and Depression in Ischemic Stroke Patients: The Bergen Stroke Study

Background: Many patients with cerebral infarction suffer from symptoms such as pain, fatigue and depression. Most studies focus on single symptoms, but these symptoms often occur together. Whereas symptom clusters have been studied in cancer patients, little is known about different symptom clusters in patients with cerebral infarction. The aim was to evaluate clusters of co-occurring symptoms in the long term. We hypothesized that patients with cerebral infarction display distinct symptom clusters. Furthermore, we hypothesized that multiple co-occurring symptoms have an adverse effect on patients. Methods: All consecutive patients with acute stroke (the index stroke) admitted to the Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, between February 2006 and July 2008, were prospectively registered in a database. Prior risk factors (including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation and prior stroke), prior depression and stroke severity (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score on day 7) were registered. Patients with cerebral infarction were sent a questionnaire including a visual analogue pain scale (VAS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety, Depression Scale (HADS-D) and Barthel Index at least 6 months after stroke onset. Results: The questionnaire was returned by 328 patients (response rate 60%). All three symptoms were reported by 10.1%. Pain and fatigue among nondepressed patients were reported by 19.6%. Pain and depression among nonfatigued patients were reported by 2.0%. Depression and fatigue, and no pain were reported by 4.4%. Single symptoms were reported by 31% whereas 33% reported no symptoms. VAS, FSS and HADS-D score severity increased with the number of co-occurring symptoms. Logistic regression analyses showed that two or three symptoms (versus no symptoms) was associated with high mRS score on day 7 (p = 0.02), prior stroke (p = 0.002), prior diabetes mellitus (p = 0.005) and prior depression (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Symptom clusters are frequent in patients with cerebral infarction. Fatigue was associated with pain and depression whereas there was little association between depression and pain in nonfatigue patients, indicating distinct symptom clusters. The severity of symptoms increased with the number of co-occurring symptoms.
Do Investors Manage US Ventures Less Intensively than Ventures in Other Regions of the World?

We examine differences in the risk-mitigation practices of venture-capital investors in managing both US and non-US ventures. The analysis focuses on actions taken by investors to manage the risks in venture firms. In particular, we evaluate whether investors disburse an average dollar to non-US ventures through more rounds, a shorter elapsed time between rounds, and broader syndication than to US ventures. After controlling for exogenous characteristics such as the industry affiliations of the ventures, the evidence is consistent with the finding that US ventures are not less risky than ventures from other parts of the world. Investors do not disburse funds to non-US ventures in more rounds, require less elapsed time between rounds, or syndicate more broadly than for US ventures. This may occur because investors select relatively higher quality ventures outside the US than in the US. The conclusions emphasize that the venture community has not developed fully in its understanding of international investing.
The DNA Repair Protein yKu80 Regulates the Function of Recombination Enhancer during Yeast Mating Type Switching

ABSTRACT Recombination enhancer (RE) is essential for regulating donor preference during yeast mating type switching. In this study, by using minichromosome affinity purification (MAP) and mass spectrometry, we found that yeast Ku80p is associated with RE in MAT a cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed its occupancy in vivo. Deletion of YKU80 results in altered chromatin structure in the RE region and more importantly causes a dramatic decrease of HML usage in MAT a cells. We also detect directional movement of yKu80p from the RE towards HML during switching. These results indicate a novel function of yeast Ku80p in regulating mating type switching.
Parts and Wholes in Face Recognition

Are faces recognized using more holistic representations than other types of stimuli? Taking holistic representation to mean representation without an internal part structure, we interpret the available evidence on this issue and then design new empirical tests. Based on previous research, we reasoned that if a portion of an object corresponds to an explicitly represented part in a hierarchical visual representation, then when that portion is presented in isolation it will be identified relatively more easily than if it did not have the status of an explicitly represented part. The hypothesis that face recognition is holistic therefore predicts that a part of a face will be disproportionately more easily recognized in the whole face than as an isolated part, relative to recognition of the parts and wholes of other kinds of stimuli. This prediction was borne out in three experiments: subjects were more accurate at identifying the parts of faces, presented in the whole object, than they were at identifying the same part presented in isolation, even though both parts and wholes were tested in a forced-choice format and the whole faces differed only by one part. In contrast, three other types of stimuli–-scrambled faces, inverted faces, and houses–-did not show this advantage for part identification in whole object recognition.
Internet Appendix: Asset Pricing without Garbage

This paper provides an explanation for why garbage implies a much lower relative risk aversion in the consumption-based asset pricing model than National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) consumption expenditure: unlike garbage, NIPA consumption is filtered to mitigate measurement error. I apply a simple model of the filtering process that allows one to undo the filtering inherent in NIPA consumption. “Unfiltered NIPA consumption” well explains the equity premium and is priced in the cross-section of stock returns. I discuss the likely properties of true consumption (i.e., without measurement error and filtering) and quantify implications for habit and long-run risk models.The paper "Asset Pricing without Garbage" to which these Appendices apply is available at the following URL: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2327055.
Hypoosmotic swelling test in young Nelore bulls classified as sound and unsound for breeding

This work aimed to study the correlations between the physical characteristics of semen, sperm morphology and the biochemical integrity of the plasmatic membrane of raw sperm in young Nelore bulls (Bos taurus indicus). A total of 420 bulls between 18 and 22 months of age were examined for breeding soundness according to the criteria established by the Brazilian College of Animal Reproduction. After physical and morphological evaluation, semen was tested with a hypoosmotic test. To accomplish this, 10 µl of fresh semen was incubated in 1 ml of hypoosmotic solution (150 mOsm/kg) for 60 min at 37°C. After the breeding soundness evaluation, 83% (350/420) of the bulls were classified as sound for breeding. There were no significant differences between the mean testicular biometry, scrotal circumference and the percentage of spermatozoa reactive to the hypoosmotic test (43.9 ± 21.1% vs. 43.6 ± 19.3%) in bulls classified as sound and unsound for breeding (P > 0.05), although there were significant differences between the averages for all physical and morphological aspects of the sperm between the two groups (P 0.05). In this study, the hypoosmotic test was not an efficient predictor of the reproductive potential of young Nelore bulls.
Temporal variation in prevalence and cercarial development of Echinostephilla patellae (Digenea, Philophthalmidae) in the intertidal gastropod Patella vulgata

The trematode Echinostephilla patellae is an abundant but scarcely investigated parasite found in coastal ecosystems of the British Isles. Redial and cercarial stages of the digenean occur in the digestive gland and gonads of common limpets Patella vulgata. Here, we present data on the temporal distribution of E. patellae infections in P. vulgata from an intertidal site on the Irish south coast as well as on the intramolluscan development of the cercariae over a period of one year. Prevalence of infection showed temporal variation with a distinct peak in September, possibly related to an increase in the abundance of bird final hosts coinciding with comparatively high temperatures at the study locality during the summer months. Maturation of cercarial stages was strongly correlated with water temperature. Whilst fully developed cercariae were present in the rediae from May to November, large numbers of infective stages occurred in the limpets’ mantle blood vessels — where they accumulate prior to release — between June and September, suggesting this period of time to be the main transmission window for E. patellae cercariae.
Marketing in Asia‐Pacific logistics companies: a discriminant analysis between marketing orientation and performance

The marketing literature has emphasised the importance of marketing orientation as a means of achieving organisational objectives. A number of studies that have examined the marketing orientation and business performance relationship have found mixed results culminating in inconclusive evidence. This paper examines the marketing practices and investigates the marketing strategy‐business performance relationship across logistics companies in the Asia‐Pacific region. The exploratory analysis suggests a positive relationship between market segmentation and performance. Differentiation and market orientation do not seem to be significantly associated with improved performance, although cross‐functional customer focus shows a significant relationship. Further discriminant analysis of the significant predictor variables suggests that two variables, viz. market segmentation and positioning, and cross‐functional customer focus are useful in differentiating between high and low performers. Managerial and further research implications for this increasingly important industry in the Asia‐Pacific region are discussed.
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN OCEAN ACIDIFICATION AND WARMING ON THE MORTALITY AND DISSOLUTION OF CORALLINE ALGAE 1

Coralline algae are among the most sensitive calcifying organisms to ocean acidification as a result of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide (pCO2). Little is known, however, about the combined impacts of increased pCO2, ocean acidification, and sea surface temperature on tissue mortality and skeletal dissolution of coralline algae. To address this issue, we conducted factorial manipulative experiments of elevated CO2 and temperature and examined the consequences on tissue survival and skeletal dissolution of the crustose coralline alga (CCA) Porolithon (=Hydrolithon) onkodes (Heydr.) Foslie (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) on the southern Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia. We observed that warming amplified the negative effects of high pCO2 on the health of the algae: rates of advanced partial mortality of CCA increased from <1% to 9% under high CO2 (from 400 to 1,100 ppm) and exacerbated to 15% under warming conditions (from 26°C to 29°C). Furthermore, the effect of pCO2 on skeletal dissolution strongly depended on temperature. Dissolution of P. onkodes only occurred in the high‐pCO2 treatment and was greater in the warm treatment. Enhanced skeletal dissolution was also associated with a significant increase in the abundance of endolithic algae. Our results demonstrate that P. onkodes is particularly sensitive to ocean acidification under warm conditions, suggesting that previous experiments focused on ocean acidification alone have underestimated the impact of future conditions on coralline algae. Given the central role that coralline algae play within coral reefs, these conclusions have serious ramifications for the integrity of coral‐reef ecosystems.