Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do customer participation and cognitive ability influence satisfaction?

ABSTRACT Under some circumstances, increased customer participation can enhance customer satisfaction. However, the precise mechanism by which participation might increase satisfaction has not been explored in the literature. This paper considers whether a customer’s cognitive ability might affect the relationship between participation and satisfaction. A causal model has been developed to examine the potential interactive effects of participation and cognitive ability on satisfaction, and a simple quantitative model has been proposed to simulate these effects. The results of both a numerical simulation analysis and a quantitative analysis of case study data indicate a significant main effect of cognitive ability on satisfaction. Additionally, an interactive effect has been observed, whereby higher cognitive ability results in higher satisfaction, given a minimum degree of customer participation in the service. Among this study’s implications is that customers with different cognitive abilities should have different degrees of participation that act to maximize their satisfaction.
Respite care--volunteers as providers.

1. Although many studies examine the impact of respite care on caregivers, few studies have examined the impact of such programs on the volunteer respite provider. Results of such formative evaluation studies must be antecedent to the question of whether respite care "works. " 2. Fear of persons with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) was a consistent theme verbalized in this study. Educational programs must therefore include more exposure to actual persons with AD. 3. Caregivers with some past experience composed the majority of volunteers in this group (n = 78%). Recruiting former caregivers of deceased persons with AD may be fruitful future areas of study.
Reliance on hormone receptor assays of surgical specimens may compromise outcome in patients with breast cancer.

PURPOSE To assess the concordance of breast cancer immunohistochemical receptor assays on core biopsy and surgical specimens. PATIENTS AND METHODS We identified 100 patients whose core biopsy and definitive surgical specimens were processed in our hospital. New sections, with core and surgical specimens on the same slides, were stained for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) immunohistochemistry (IHC). Two pathologists assessed the sections independently. Raw scores and clinically significant groupings were compared. RESULTS Concordance for ER, PR, overall hormone receptor (HR), and HER-2 status was seen in 86%, 83%, 90%, and 80% of patients, respectively. The core was positive, while the surgical specimen was negative in 13%, 11%, 9%, and 1% of patients, respectively. Using a log-linear model, differences in ER, PR, and HER-2 staining were all in the direction of stronger staining in the cores, and were statistically significant. Nine percent (95% CI, 4.2% to 16.4%) of women in this group would have had endocrine therapy inappropriately withheld if management decisions were based on surgical specimen results alone. CONCLUSION ER and PR assays on core biopsy specimens are more reliable than assays on surgical specimens. Receptor IHC should be performed on core biopsy specimens to avoid patients with HR positive cancers not receiving appropriate hormonal therapy and being overtreated with systemic chemotherapy. Biopsy should be considered in patients with "receptor negative" cancer and recurrent disease.
Stroke and sexual functioning: A literature review.

BACKGROUND Stroke has multiple impacts on patients' sexual functioning, be it directly caused by the neurological lesion (s) or indirectly triggered via other psychophysiological processes. Despite a growing number of publications, sexuality is still rarely addressed in the stroke literature - yet, patients have indicated their need for sexual rehabilitation services. OBJECTIVE To provide a literature review on post-stroke sexual functioning as well as available rehabilitation programs targeting patients' sexuality. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted on PubMed using the following key words and their combination: "stroke", "sexuality", "stroke characteristics", "hemisphere", "sexual", and "sexual dysfunction". RESULTS Existing data suggests the existence of significant associations between stroke and male and female sexual dysfunction (SD) as well as desire/libido and sexual satisfaction. The exact contribution of patients' neurological profile (stroke laterality, location, and severity) on their SD remains inconclusive with research providing mixed findings. Psychological factors are shown to play a significant part in the development of patients' SDs. A few intervention programs have been developed to specifically guide health professionals when addressing patients' needs regarding their sexual recovery. CONCLUSION Sexual rehabilitation needs to be an integrative part of stroke patients' rehabilitation process, preferably at the interdisciplinary level.
The Effect of Global Crises on Momentum Profitability: Evidence from the Indian Stock Market

There is a plethora of research that suggests profitability of momentum strategies in international stock markets. The current study adds to the existing literature by exploring the same in the Indian stock market over the more recent years. In addition, the study aims to test whether the momentum strategy performs persistently and remains consistent even during financial crises periods, emphasizing on the recent global meltdown of 2008. Eight momentum strategies were investigated with different combinations of formation and holding period and the study adds convincing evidence in favour of Indian momentum profitability. Statistically as well as economically significant momentum returns were observed that remained statistically significant even after risk adjustment. However, the financial crisis induced significant changes in the Indian momentum profitability. The momentum returns were observed to be positively high during pre-crisis period that turn negative during crisis period and again reverse to generate high momentum returns during the post-crisis period. The evidence indicates non-stability of momentum profits wherein momentum strategies crash during the financial crises periods.
Role of scintigraphy with technetium-99m depreotide in the diagnosis and management of patients with suspected lung cancer

Background: In Sweden, there are over 3000 new lung cancer cases every year. There are still numerous patients with undetermined lesions after routine diagnostic evaluation by clinical examination, chest radiography, computed tomography (CT) of the thorax, and bronchoscopy. An appropriate method for further diagnostic workup is therefore needed. Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic value of the somatostatin analogue depreotide in patients with suspected lung cancer, and to determine in which clinical settings it would be beneficial to use 99mTc-depreotide scintigraphy. Material and Methods: We included 99 consecutive patients referred to our hospital with suspected lung cancer. A clinical examination, bronchoscopy, chest radiography, CT of the thorax and upper abdomen, and scintigraphy were done. Scintigraphy was performed after injection of 740 MBq 99mTc depreotide with tomographical imaging of the thorax and whole-body scanning. The diagnostic outcome of the scintigrams was compared to CT, using morphology or clinical outcome as the endpoint. Results: 99mTc-depreotide uptake was found in 62 out of 66 malignancies, including 57 of 58 primary lung cancer cases. Two cases of lung metastasis (one from a colon cancer and one from an adenoid cystic carcinoma originating in the palate) and one rib chondrosarcoma did not show depreotide uptake. There were 33 patients with benign lesions, of whom 16 displayed false-positive 99mTc-depreotide uptake, whereof 11 were pneumonias. Tc-99m-depreotide uptake was absent in 17 patients with benign lesions, including all 10 hamartomas. The sensitivity in detecting malignancy was 94%, and in detecting lung cancer 98%. The specificity was calculated based on two sets of data. When all cases were used, the specificity was 52%. If the 12 pneumonias are excluded, the specificity was 77%. Conclusion: 99mTc-depreotide scintigraphy has a high sensitivity in detecting lung cancer. The method is useful in decision-making with respect to surgery.
The Activity of the Epithelial Sodium Channel Is Regulated by Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis*

Activity of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is a key determinant of sodium homeostasis and blood pressure. Liddle’s syndrome, an inherited form of hypertension, is caused by mutations that delete or alter PY domains in the carboxyl termini of β or γ ENaC subunits, leading to increased channel activity. In this study we investigated the mechanism of this effect by analysis of wild-type and mutant ENaC activity in Xenopus oocytes. By inhibiting insertion of new channels into the plasma membrane with brefeldin A, we demonstrate that the half-life of the activity of channels containing Liddle’s mutations is markedly prolonged compared with wild-type channels (t½ of 30 h in mutant versus 3.6 in wild-type, p < 0.001). We investigated the involvement of clathrin-coated pit-mediated endocytosis by co-expressing a dominant-negative dynamin mutant with wild-type ENaC in oocytes. Expression of this specific inhibitor of endocytosis leads to a large increase in the activity of wild-type channels, demonstrating that normal turnover of this channel is through the clathrin-coated pit pathway. In contrast, co-expression of Liddle’s mutations and dynamin mutants leads to no further increase in channel activity, consistent with one of the effects of Liddle’s mutations being the loss of endocytosis of these channels. These findings demonstrate the normal mechanism of turnover of ENaC from the cell surface and demonstrate a mechanism that can account for the increased number of channels in the plasma membrane seen in Liddle’s syndrome.
Bounded Rationality and Robust Mechanism Design: An Axiomatic Approach

We propose an axiomatic approach to study the superior performance of mechanisms with obviously dominant strategies to those with only dominant strategies. Guided by the psychological inability to reason state-by-state, we develop Obvious Preference as a weakening of Subjective Expected Utility Theory. We show that a strategy is an obviously dominant if and only if any Obvious Preference prefer it to any deviating strategy at any reachable information set. Applying the concept of Nash Equilibrium to Obvious Preference, we propose Obvious Nash Equilibrium to identify a set of mechanisms that are more robust than mechanisms with only Nash Equilibria.
4-Aminopyridine, A Blocker of Voltage-Dependent K+ Channels, Restores Blood Pressure and Improves Survival in the Wistar Rat Model of Anaphylactic Shock

Objectives:Anaphylactic shock is associated with severe hypotension. Potassium channel blockers, such as 4-aminopyridine, induce vasoconstriction. The objective of this study was to test the ability of 4-aminopyridine to restore blood pressure and increase survival in anaphylactic shock. Design:Experimental study. Setting:Physiology laboratory. Subjects:Adult male Wistar rats. Interventions:Rats were sensitized with ovalbumin (1 mg SC), and anaphylactic shock was induced by IV injection of ovalbumin (1 mg). Experimental groups included non-allergic rats (NA) (n = 6); allergic rats (Controls) (n = 6); allergic rats treated with 4-aminopyridine (4-aminopyridine) (1 mg/kg) (n = 6); and allergic rats treated with epinephrine (EPI) (10 µg/kg) (n = 6). Treatments were administered 1 minute after induction of anaphylactic shock. Measurements and Main Results:Mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and survival were measured for 60 minutes. Plasma levels of histamine, leukotriene B4, prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2, pH, and HCO3 were measured. Mean arterial blood pressure was normal in the NA group; severe hypotension and high mortality were observed in controls; normalization of mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and increased survival were observed in 4-aminopyridine and EPI groups. All allergic 4-aminopyridine-treated rats survived after the induction of anaphylactic shock. Histamine level was higher in controls and the 4-aminopyridine group but reduced in the EPI group. Prostaglandin E2 increased in controls and EPI group and decreased in 4-aminopyridine group; prostaglandin F2 increased in controls but decreased in 4-aminopyridine and EPI groups. Leukotriene B4 decreased in 4-aminopyridine and EPI groups. Metabolic acidosis was prevented in the 4-aminopyridine group. Conclusions:Our data suggest that voltage-dependent K+ channel inhibition with 4-aminopyridine treatment restores blood pressure and increases survival in the Wistar rat model of anaphylactic shock. 4-aminopyridine or related voltage-dependent K+ channel blockers could be a useful additional therapeutic approach to treatment of refractory anaphylactic shock.
Course of Intraocular Pressure after Intravitreal Injection of 0.05 mL Ranibizumab (Lucentis®)

Purpose This prospective study examines the changes in short-term intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) receiving intravitreal injections of 0.05 mL ranibizumab (Lucentis®) in a supine position. Methods A total of 45 eyes (45 patients, 16 M, 29 F, mean age: 78 y) received intravitreal ranibizumab injections for treatment of wet AMD (0.05 mL = 0.5 mg). The IOP was measured by Schiötz tonometry immediately preoperatively and postoperatively, and also after 3 and 10 minutes in a supine position. No history of glaucoma was present. Results The mean preoperative IOP was 22.4±5.5 mmHg in supine position. Immediately after the injection, IOP increased to 47.9±15.1 (range 23–82, p<0.001), with 32 eyes (71.1%) >40 and 19 eyes (42.2%) >50 mmHg. The mean difference between preoperative IOP and immediately after the injection was +25.5±13.6 mmHg. IOP decreased spontaneously by the first 3 minutes after operation by 12.6±6.0 mmHg and after 10 minutes by 21±9.4 mmHg. The mean difference between preoperative IOP and 10 minutes postoperatively was +4.6±7.0 mmHg (range: −9.3 to +25.9 mmHg, p<0.001). Eyes without a subconjunctival reflux had a higher increase in IOP than eyes with any reflux (p<0.001). Conclusions IOP increased significantly in a considerable number of patients after intravitreal ranibizumab injections. A rapid and spontaneous decline was observed in the majority of cases. If there is no subconjunctival reflux after the injection, the increase in IOP is higher than in eyes with any back-flow under the conjunctiva.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Response Inhibition After Closed Head Injury in Children: Do Preinjury Behavior and Injury Severity Predict Outcome?

We examined the effect of closed head injury (CHI) on the development of symptoms of secondary attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (SADHD), emotional disturbance, and impaired response inhibition. We also investigated the relation of developmental and recovery variables to SADHD symptoms and inhibition. Participants were 200 children aged 5-17 years, 137 children who had CHI, and 63 children with no history of CHI served as controls. We assessed preinjury behavior problems, head injury variables (severity, age at time of injury, time since injury), postinjury SADHD, and anxiety symptoms at least 2 years following the head injury. Response inhibition was measured with the stop-signal task. CHI predicted the development of SADHD symptoms and anxiety with more severe injury predicting more severe outcomes. Only the combination of severe CHI and a high level of SADHD symptoms predicted poor response inhibition. Postinjury anxiety was not associated with poor inhibition. The consequences of CHI did not vary with age at injury or time since injury, but poorer outcome was predicted by preinjury behavior problems. CHI in children leads to SADHD symptoms and anxiety even after taking preinjury disturbance into account. Poor response inhibition is a consequence of CHI but only when the CHI is severe and the child manifests high levels of SADHD symptoms.
Departure time choice: Modelling individual preferences,intention and constraints.

Modelling departure time is an important step in forecasting traffic demand. The purpose of this research is to contribute to the data collection field when studying departure time choices. Differently from the majority of the previous studies we used an efficient stated preference (SP) experiment. A main benefit of using an efficient design is that it allows using smaller samples. However, building experimental designs for the departure time is challenging for two main reasons: 1) interdependence among attributes, and 2) realism in the choice tasks. To ensure realism, we customized the choice task based on the trips described by each individual in a trip diary and on the departure time needed in order to be at work at their preferred arrival time. However, with efficient designs it is not possible to customize the SP for each individual, unless the real trips are known before optimizing the SP design. To overcome this challenge, six different designs were constructed based on predefined travel times (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes). Respondents were presented with the design which was closest to their reported travel time in the trip diary. The design was simulated using almost 20.000 observations, and was adjusted until the design was stable and the prior parameters could be recuperated.
Motility and fertility of frozen bull spermatozoa in tris-yolk and milk extenders containing amikacin sulfate.

Amikacin sulfate, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, effective against some streptomycin-resistant organisms, was tested in bull semen extended with whole milk and egg yolk-Tris extenders in a 6 X 5 X 2 factorial arrangement. Semen from six bulls was frozen in extenders containing 500, 1000, and 2500 microgram/ml of amikacin, a control containing 500 IU/ml of penicillin plus 1000 micrograms/ml of streptomycin plus 500 IU/ml of polymyxin, and control plus amikacin (1000 micrograms/ml). Semen was frozen in . 5 ml polyvinyl chloride straws in liquid nitrogen vapor and stored in liquid nitrogen for 2 wk. Straws were thawed in a water bath at 35 degrees C for 30 s. Postthaw motility of spermatozoa in each treatment was assessed using two straws by two observers independently. At amikacin concentrations of 500, 1000, or 2500 micrograms/ml, the percentage of motile spermatozoa averaged 47, 45, and 36% in whole milk and 52, 46, and 46% in egg yolk-Tris. Control and control plus amikacin (1000 micrograms/ml) were 49 and 47% in whole milk and 48 and 52% in egg yolk-Tris. Only amikacin in milk at 2500 micrograms/ml, depressed sperm motility. A fertility trial was conducted to compare the control mixture of antibiotics in whole milk with whole milk also containing 500 micrograms/ml of amikacin. The nonreturn rate to 1182 first service inseminations with semen treated with amikacin (500 micrograms/ml) plus control antibiotics was 70.4% compared with 70.5% for 1494 first service inseminations with control semen. Amikacin can safely be added to whole milk and egg yolk-tris extenders to control streptomycin-resistant organisms.
Noise differentially impacts phoneme representations in the auditory and speech motor systems

Significance Contentious debate remains regarding the role of the redundant motor activation during speech perception. In this functional MRI study, multivariate pattern analysis revealed stronger multivoxel phoneme discrimination in speech motor regions than auditory cortices when the speech phonemes were moderately degraded by noise. Our findings provide neuroimaging evidence for the sensorimotor integration account. Preserved phoneme discrimination in speech motor areas may compensate for loss of specificity in noise-impoverished speech representations, which aids speech perception under adverse listening conditions. Although it is well accepted that the speech motor system (SMS) is activated during speech perception, the functional role of this activation remains unclear. Here we test the hypothesis that the redundant motor activation contributes to categorical speech perception under adverse listening conditions. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, participants identified one of four phoneme tokens (/ba/, /ma/, /da/, or /ta/) under one of six signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels (–12, –9, –6, –2, 8 dB, and no noise). Univariate and multivariate pattern analyses were used to determine the role of the SMS during perception of noise-impoverished phonemes. Results revealed a negative correlation between neural activity and perceptual accuracy in the left ventral premotor cortex and Broca’s area. More importantly, multivoxel patterns of activity in the left ventral premotor cortex and Broca’s area exhibited effective phoneme categorization when SNR ≥ –6 dB. This is in sharp contrast with phoneme discriminability in bilateral auditory cortices and sensorimotor interface areas (e.g., left posterior superior temporal gyrus), which was reliable only when the noise was extremely weak (SNR > 8 dB). Our findings provide strong neuroimaging evidence for a greater robustness of the SMS than auditory regions for categorical speech perception in noise. Under adverse listening conditions, better discriminative activity in the SMS may compensate for loss of specificity in the auditory system via sensorimotor integration.
Comparison of long-term outcomes in adolescents with anorexia nervosa treated with family therapy.

OBJECTIVE To describe the relative effectiveness of a short versus long course of family-based therapy (FBT) for adolescent anorexia nervosa at long-term follow-up. METHOD This study used clinical and structured interviews to assess psychological and psychosocial outcomes of adolescents (ages 12-18 years at baseline) who were previously treated in a randomized clinical trial using family therapy between 1999 and 2002. RESULTS Eighty-three percent (71/86) of subjects participated in follow-up assessments of current psychological and psychosocial functioning. In addition, 49% (35) were interviewed using the Eating Disorder Examination. Mean length of follow-up was 3.96 years (range 2.3-6.0 years). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups on any measure at long-term follow-up. As a whole, the group was doing well with 89% above 90% ideal body weight, 74% with Eating Disorder Examination scores within the normal range, and 91% of postmenarcheal females not on birth control had menstrual return. CONCLUSIONS A short course of family therapy is as effective as a longer course at follow-up.