Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring Business Model Innovation: Conceptualization, Scale Development, and Proof of Performance

Business model innovation is a topic that has received much attention from academia as well as from business practice. After extensive research on the definition and conceptualization of the concept and publication of many case-based results, recently scholars have been calling for more generalizable results, large-scale investigations and greater empirical sophistication. Despite the great importance of measuring business model innovation for various purposes, a validated measurement scale is still not available. I fill this gap by systematically developing a new scale for business model innovation. I follow a rigorous scale development approach to ensure validity and reliability. Specifically, I collected two large-scale samples of 126 and 232 firms to specify and assess the scale. As a result, I provide a hierarchical three-level scale for measuring business model innovation. At the first level, 41 reflective items are provided to measure ten subconstructs of business model innovation. These can be used as formative measures of three dimensions of business model innovation at the second level, namely value creation innovation, value proposition innovation and value capture innovation. At the third level, these three dimensions form the metaconstruct of business model innovation.
Eye Blink Detection Using Facial Features Tracker

A new technique to detect eye blinks is proposed, based on state- of-the-art facial feature detectors to localize the eyes and eyelid contours. This technique shows excellent robustness to varying illumination, facial expressions and head orientation. The proposed algorithm first estimates the eye features positions and extracts the vertical distance between the eye lids describing the eye opening in each video frame, then uses a Savitzky--Golay filter to smooth the resulting data while keeping the peak information to detect eye blinks as sharp peaks. The efficiency of the proposed technique is shown to outperform related approaches on three standard datasets.
Chiral discrimination via nuclear magnetic shielding polarisabilities from NMR spectroscopy: Theoretical study of (Ra)‐1,3‐dimethylallene, (2R)‐2‐methyloxirane, and (2R)‐N‐methyloxaziridine

Three medium‐size optically active molecules have been studied to make a guess at candidates suitable for chiral discrimination in an isotropic medium via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The criterion for experimental detection is given by the magnitude of the isotropic part of nuclear magnetic shielding polarisability tensors, related to a pseudoscalar of opposite sign for the two enantiomers. The pseudoscalar shielding polarisability at the 17O nucleus in N‐methyloxaziridine, calculated at the Hartree‐Fock level, is ≈7.8 ×10−17 mV−1. To obtain an experimentally observable magnetic field induced at the 17O nucleus in N‐methyloxaziridine, electric fields as large as ≈107–108 Vm−1 should be applied to the probe. The molecular electric dipole moment induced by precession of the magnetic dipole of the 17O nucleus in a magnetic field of 10 T is, in absolute value, ≈8.8 × 10−42 Cm. The estimated rf‐voltage at a resonance circuit is ≈10 nV. Smaller values have been estimated for N, C, and H nuclei in 1,3‐dimethylallene and 2‐methyloxirane. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2007
Early vs. Non-Early Intervention in Acute Migraine — ‘Act When Mild (AwM)’. A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Almotriptan

The study was designed to compare the response to almotriptan in migraine patients who take medication early in the course of the attack with that when medication is taken after pain has become moderate or severe. A randomized, four-arm, multicentre, multinational, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of almotriptan (12.5 mg) comparing treatment administration when pain intensity was mild and within 1 h of headache onset vs. pain that had become moderate or severe was conducted. Of 491 migraineurs enrolled, 403 were evaluable [intention-to-treat population (ITT)]. Their mean age was 38 years, 84% were female and they had a mean of 3.7 attacks/month. Of these patients, 10% did not take medication according to their randomly allocated basal pain intensity (mild or moderate/severe) and were subsequently reassigned to that group for this analysis —'Act when Mild (AwM)' group. In the almotriptan arms, 53% of mild basal pain and 38% of moderate/severe basal pain patients were pain free at 2 h (P = 0.03; primary end-point). Corresponding proportions in the placebo groups were 25% and 17% (statistically significant vs. respective almotriptan arms). Secondary end-points (ITT) were also significantly in favour of early intervention with almotriptan, both between and across treatment groups, such as sustained pain free: 45.6% vs. 30.5% (P = 0.02). Adverse events were reported in < 5% of treated patients in all groups (NS), with no serious events. Treatment with almotriptan while migraine pain is still mild provides statistically significant and clinically relevant enhancements in efficacy compared with treatment when pain has reached higher severity levels.
Receptor-Facilitated Antigen Presentation Requires the Recruitment of B Cell Linker Protein to Igα1

Ags that cross-link the B cell Ag receptor are preferentially and rapidly delivered to the MHC class II-enriched compartment for processing into peptides and subsequent loading onto MHC class II. Proper sorting of Ag/receptor complexes requires the recruitment of Syk to the phosphorylated immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif tyrosines of the B cell Ag receptor constituent Igα. We postulated that the Igα nonimmunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif tyrosines, Y176 and Y204, contributed to receptor trafficking. Igα(YΔF176,204)/Igβ receptors were targeted to late endosomes, but were excluded from the vesicle lumen and could not facilitate the presentation of Ag to T cells. Subsequent analysis demonstrated that phosphorylation of Y176/Y204 recruited the B cell linker protein, Vav, and Grb2. Reconstitution of Igα(YΔF176,204)/Igβ with the B cell linker protein rescued both receptor-facilitated Ag presentation and entry into the MHC class II-enriched compartment. Thus, aggregation accelerates receptor trafficking by recruiting two separate signaling modules required for transit through sequential checkpoints.
Starting points for a new researcher in behavioral finance

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to systematically consolidate and analyze papers in behavioral finance in the past 20 years, and to provide an overall introduction to scholars and professionals in the industry who may be interested in behavioral finance in the future. Design/methodology/approach - – The research is based on searching keywords in databases of ISI Web of Science (WOS). Survey data covers the period from 1995 to 2013, with 124 journals and 347 articles. The authors are committed to finding the number of publications and times cited in the field of behavioral finance to measure the contribution of active researchers. Findings - – More research papers in behavioral finance are emerging, making it a significant area of study. Most of the papers can be classified as empirical or theory. The number of papers in the review class should be increased to assist scholars and professionals in understanding behavioral finance and its application. A number of personal and institutional main contributors have been making a considerable impact on the field of behavioral finance. With the vigorous development of financial markets all around the world, more and more scholars are becoming involved in behavioral finance research. Research limitations/implications - – Articles published earlier than 1995 or not included in the WOS database cannot be included in the research; however, this does not diminish the contribution of older scholars in any way. Moreover, the research does not include non-SCI/SSCI articles. Originality/value - – Unlike a traditional literature review, which classifies and elaborates different research paths (Subrahmanyam, 2007), the research adopts the ISI WOS database as a tool for analysis. This new literature review methodology enables us to systematically consolidate and analyze papers in behavioral finance.
Changing Representations of Homelessness in Japanese Newspapers

This paper examines how representations of homelessness in coverage by the Japanese media changed from 1991 to 2006 through changes in framing in Japanese news media coverage of homelessness. Coverage of homelessness in the Japanese and English-language newspapers, published by the Yomiuri and the Asahi media groups, provides a picture of the perception of homeless Japanese. This paper presents results from an examination of four newspapers: sampled articles from the Yomiuri Shimbun and the Asahi Shimbun from 1991, 1996, 2001, and 2006, and a census of articles from the Daily Yomiuri and English edition of Asahi Shimbun. Results indicate that coverage increased as the economy stagnated. As article frequency increased, the issue was framed with more descriptive language, leading to a perceived increase in the intensity of the articles’ discussions. Though this was observed in all the publications, article descriptiveness and intensity varied between groups and languages.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Linker Histone—Hho1p Maintains Chromatin Loop Organization during Ageing

Intricate, dynamic, and absolutely unavoidable ageing affects cells and organisms through their entire lifetime. Driven by diverse mechanisms all leading to compromised cellular functions and finally to death, this process is a challenge for researchers. The molecular mechanisms, the general rules that it follows, and the complex interplay at a molecular and cellular level are yet little understood. Here, we present our results showing a connection between the linker histones, the higher-order chromatin structures, and the process of chronological lifespan of yeast cells. By deleting the gene for the linker histone in Saccharomyces cerevisiae we have created a model for studying the role of chromatin structures mainly at its most elusive and so far barely understood higher-order levels of compaction in the processes of yeast chronological lifespan. The mutant cells demonstrated controversial features showing slower growth than the wild type combined with better survival during the whole process. The analysis of the global chromatin organization during different time points demonstrated certain loss of the upper levels of chromatin compaction in the cells without linker histone. The results underlay the importance of this histone for the maintenance of the chromatin loop structures during ageing.
Seasonal ingestion of toxic and nontoxic shot by Canada geese

We used rates of ingested shot and elevated blood-lead levels (? 0.18 ppm) to estimate the proportion of Canada geese (Branta canadensis) exposed to lead on 3 study areas in Manitoba, Minnesota, and Missouri. Lead exposure was prevalent on all areas and was common after the hunting season closed, when up to 1 5% of geese could have been exposed to lead shot. However, the proportion of steel shot ingested by geese has increased during the past 2 decades. We suggest that lead exposure is still a source of indirect hunting mortality in Canada geese but project that the prevalence of lead exposure in the Eastern Prairie Population and other waterfowl populations will decrease as nontoxic shot regulations persist and hunters use steel or other nontoxic shot.
Disruption of Hepatic Lipid Homeostasis in Mice after Amiodarone Treatment Is Associated with Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-αTarget Gene Activation

Amiodarone, an efficacious and widely used antiarrhythmic agent, has been reported to cause hepatotoxicity in some patients. To gain insight into the mechanism of this unwanted effect, mice were administered various doses of amiodarone and examined for changes in hepatic histology and gene regulation. Amiodarone induced hepatomegaly, hepatocyte microvesicular lipid accumulation, and a significant decrease in serum triglycerides and glucose. Northern blot analysis of hepatic RNA revealed a dose-dependent increase in the expression of a number of genes critical for fatty acid oxidation, lipoprotein assembly, and lipid transport. Many of these genes are regulated by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), a ligand-activated nuclear hormone receptor transcription factor. The absence of induction of these genes as well as hepatomegaly in PPARα knockout [PPARα(—/—)] mice indicated that the effects of amiodarone were dependent upon the presence of a functional PPARα gene. Compared to wild-type mice, treatment of PPARα(—/—) mice with amiodarone resulted in an increased rate and extent of total body weight loss. The inability of amiodarone to directly activate either human or mouse PPARα transiently expressed in human HepG2 hepatoma cells indicates that the effects of amiodarone on the function of this receptor were indirect. Based upon these results, we conclude that amiodarone disrupts hepatic lipid homeostasis and that the increased expression of PPARα target genes is secondary to this toxic effect. These results provide important new mechanistic information regarding the hepatotoxic effects of amiodarone and indicate that PPARα protects against amiodarone-induced hepatotoxicity.
Complications of Orbital Implants: A Review of 542 Patients Who Have Undergone Orbital Implantation and 275 Subsequent Peg Placements

Purpose: To inform patients and physicians of the complications associated with three commonly used orbital implants, as well as associated anophthalmic socket issues. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 542 patients who underwent eviscerations, enucleations and secondary procedures by one surgeon (Dr. James Oestreicher) was completed, paying special attention to complications in the follow-up period prior to pegging, as well as those that occurred post-pegging. Results: Approximately 60% of patients experienced complications prior to implant drilling, with discharge being the most prevalent (15.9%). Secondary procedures were associated with significantly greater complication rates prior to implant drilling. Silicone implants had significantly less pre-pegging pyogenic granuloma (P = 0.011) and hypo-ophthalmos (P = 0.042) than the other implant types. Seven implants had to be removed due to exposure. Implant drilling and peg placement were performed in 275 patients. Implant drilling complications were experienced by 67.4% of pegged patients, with a change in discharge from prior to pegging (27.2%) being the most prevalent. Plastic peg systems had a significantly higher incidence of complications than titanium systems. Conclusions: The majority of orbital implantations involve complications, these being largely minor ones which resolve spontaneously or are easily treated. Secondary implant procedures involve a higher likelihood of complications. Silicone implants have the smallest amount of complications. Should patients decide to undergo pegging, evidence sides strongly for the use of a titanium peg and sleeve system over the other peg types. Implant removal is a rare event; occurring in 1.3% (n = 7) of the study population.
Rat diaphragm during postnatal development. I. Changes in distribution of muscle fibre type and in oxidative potential.

The changes occurring in the histochemical characteristics of the rat diaphragm during the postnatal period were examined. Fibre-type distribution, fibre oxidative capacity, i.e. succinate-dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, and cross-sectional area were compared in the costal (COS) and crural (CRU) regions, and across their abdominal and thoracic surfaces. The proportions of type I and IIb fibres in both COS and CRU increased with age, while the proportion of type IIa fibres progressively decreased. For COS, fibre distribution was homogeneous over the entire muscle and did not change after 4 weeks. For CRU, it was heterogeneous with a higher proportion of type I fibres on the thoracic surface as from the first week. All fibre types significantly increased in cross-sectional area between 1 and 8 weeks, with no significant differences in COS and CRU. Mean SDH activity did not differ between COS and CRU or across the muscles. Mean SDH activitiĕs-were low and identical in all fibre types at birth, and then increased, peaking at the 6th week in type I and IIa fibres. When total muscle fibre oxidative capacity was calculated from an index including fibre-type proportion, cross-sectional area and mean SDH activity, it was significantly higher at 1 than at 8 weeks after birth; this might have functional implications for the newborn.
BUTTERFLY WING MARKINGS ARE MORE ADVANTAGEOUS DURING HANDLING THAN DURING THE INITIAL STRIKE OF AN AVIAN PREDATOR

The “false head” hypothesis states that due to the posterior ventral wing markings of certain butterflies which resemble a “false head,” visually hunting predators, such as birds, are deceived into attacking the hind wing area rather than the true head of the butterfly. In the laboratory, six groups of artificially marked dead cabbage butterflies, Pieris rapae, were presented to Blue Jays, Cyanocitta cristata. Of the six “false head” markings, only the eyespot significantly influenced the point of attack. All of the “false head” markings, however, led to a greater proportion of attacks to the hind wing area of the butterfly. In the course of prey handling following an initial attack, each of the six “false head” markings significantly directed predator handling strikes away from the true head of captive butterflies to the anal angle of the hind wing. In a second experiment, live P. rapae with “false head” markings were mishandled and thus escaped, significantly more frequently than controls. Therefore, “false head” markings may confer a selective advantage by increasing the probability of escape, particularly during handling.
Pengaruh Return on Asset, BOPO, Suku Bunga dan Capital Adequacy Ratio terhadap Tingkat Bagi Hasil Deposito Mudharabah Pada Perbankan Syariah

Islamic banking as part of the national banking system has an important role in the economy . The development of Islamic banks to encourage an increase in attention to the factors that can affect the level of the deposits mudaraba . This study aimed to test empirically Effect of return on assets , ROA , interest rates and Adequeency Capital Ratio of profit sharing rate a mudaraba deposits in Islamic Banking. The population in this study is the Islamic banks ( BUS ) in Indonesia, which amounted to 11 in the period 2008-2012 . The sample used in this study were 9 Commercial Bank to obtain a sample of 180 observational data . The sampling technique used purposive sampling . Statistical analysis was conducted on the multiple linear regression and hypothesis testing . Based on the analysis of data it can be concluded ; There is a positive and significant influence between the return on assets on the level of profit sharing Mudaraba deposits , are negative and significant impact on the level of interest rates for deposits results Mudaraba , There is a negative and significant effect on the level of ROA for the deposit Mudaraba , No significant effect between the CAR to the level of the deposit Mudaraba , value of coefficient of determination ( Adjusted R Square ) is equal to 0.111 or 11.1 % mean variation in rate of change for the deposit Mudaraba influenced variable return on assets , interest rates , ROA and CAR of 11.1 % and the remaining 88.9 % is influenced by other factors Keywords : Return On Assets , ROA , Interest Rates, Capital Adequeency Ratio, Level Sharing Mudaraba Deposits
Trends of climate with rapid change in Sinai, Egypt

This study presents evidence for a rapid climate change at the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt. Analyses of data for temperature and rainfalls from 1970 to 2014 show a clear tendency towards decreasing rainfall and increasing average temperatures. This trend caused severe droughts for many years that were suddenly interrupted by high and unpredictable rainfalls that fluctuate heavily in space and time. If this tendency continues, the population dynamics of many plant and animal species will be negatively affected, with many of them being important for local inhabitants. Detrimental effects can be expected in the coastal and touristic cities like Sharm El-Sheikh, Taba, El-Tor, St. Catherine, Ras Sedr and El-Arish. Conservation efforts should be directed to conserve the biological and natural resources and to keep pace with this environmental change.
Multiresolution Analysis of Emission Tomography Images in the Wavelet Domain

This article develops a theoretical framework for the use of the wavelet transform in the estimation of emission tomography images. The solution of the problem of estimation addresses the equivalent problems of optimal filtering, maximum compression, and statistical testing. In particular, new theory and algorithms are presented that allow current wavelet methodology to deal with the two main characteristics of nuclear medicine images: low signal-to-noise ratios and correlated noise. The technique is applied to synthetic images, phantom studies, and clinical images. Results show the ability of wavelets to model images and to estimate the signal generated by cameras of different resolutions in a wide variety of noise conditions. Moreover, the same methodology can be used for the multiscale analysis of statistical maps. The relationship of the wavelet approach to current hypothesis-testing methods is shown with an example and discussed. The wavelet transform is shown to be a valuable tool for the numerical treatment of images in nuclear medicine. It is envisaged that the methods described here may be a starting point for further developments in image reconstruction and image processing.
Vitamin K2 administration is associated with decreased disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

ObjectivesVitamin K2 (VitK2) is reported to induce not only bone mineralization of human osteoblasts and apoptosis of osteoclasts, but also apoptosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial cells, while its clinical effect on disease activity of RA remains unknown.Methods158 female RA patients (mean age 62.5 years) who had not been treated with warfarin, biologics, or teriparatide were enrolled in this study. VitK2 (45 mg/day) was administered in 70 patients with a serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin level of >4.5 ng/ml or with decreased bone mineral density in spite of the treatment with other anti-osteoporosis medications, regardless of RA disease activity. A longitudinal study was conducted in 52 patients who were additionally treated with VitK2 without changing their other medications for three months.ResultsIn the cross-sectional study, as compared to the VitK2-naïve group (n = 88), the VitK2-treated group (n = 70) showed lower serum CRP (1.7 ± 0.2 vs. 0.5 ± 0.1 mg/dl; P < 0.001), MMP-3 (220.4 ± 21.9 vs. 118.0 ± 14.4 ng/ml; P < 0.001), and DAS28-CRP (2.9 ± 0.1 vs. 2.4 ± 0.1; P < 0.05). In the longitudinal study, patients who were additionally treated with VitK2 showed significant decreases in serum CRP (1.1 ± 0.2 to 0.6 ± 0.2 mg/dl; P < 0.001), MMP-3 (160.1 ± 25.6 to 125.0 ± 17.8 ng/ml; P < 0.05), and DAS28-CRP (3.1 ± 0.2 to 2.4 ± 0.1; P < 0.001). ConclusionsVitK2 may have the potential to improve disease activity besides osteoporosis in RA.