Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Allocative Efficiency of Resource Use by Cassava Farmers in Wamba Local Government Area , Nasarawa State , Nigeria

The national policy objective of substituting wheat with cassava to cut down on food import bill can only be achieved by enhancing the productivity of cassava farmers who are mainly small scale farmers. But critical to output growth is resource-use efficiency. Efficiency of resource-use enhances farm productivity, guarantee food security and consequently poverty reduction. Thus, in attaining the aforementioned policy objective it is only imperative to ascertain the resourceuse efficiency of this category of farmers. It is against this backdrop that this survey is carried out to evaluate the allocative efficiency of resource use by cassava farmers in Wamba Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. This was achieved by ascertaining the socio-economic characteristics of these farmers and estimating their production function to provide coefficients for determining the allocative efficiency of resource-use. Data were generated through the administration of questionnaire to 126 randomly selected farmers in the five villages purposely selected. The findings reveal that resources that account for over 80 per cent (R) variation in output are underutilized and this was discovered to be at variance with the national policy objective on cassava production. It is therefore recommended among others that: agricultural credit should be readily available, training and retraining programmes for farmers, and adequate funding of research institutions.
Characterization of Three-Layer Microcapsules of Chia Seed Oil Obtained for Electrostatic Deposition Technology

: Oils with high omega-3 fatty acids are known for their multiple health beneﬁts. For this reason, new strategies have been developed to protect these fatty acids from lipid oxidation to incorporate them into foods. Microencapsulation is an attractive alternative for protecting and incorporating chia oil in food matrices. A three-layer microencapsulation process was performed using a layer-by-layer technique with the addition of sunﬂower lecithin, chitosan, and chia mucilage by spray-drying. The microcapsules obtained were studied and stored in darkness at a controlled temperature and relative humidity for 90 days. The ζ -potential evidenced the electrostatic deposition of the layers in powders through the change of the values in the electric charge. Microcapsules showed a high microencapsulation efﬁciency and low moisture content and water activity levels. Microencapsulated chia oil presented low oxidation values (<10 meq hydroperoxides/kg oil) and high omega-3 fatty acid content after storage. These results suggest that the three-layer microcapsules studied are suitable to provide high stability against the oxidative deterioration of functional lipid components in chia oil and constitute a promising application in the food industry.
Selecting Drought Resistant Sweet Corn Cultivars Based on Germination Percentage and Seedling Proline Content under Osmotic Potentials Stress

Water stress can affect germination by decreasing the percentage of germination. A study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of different osmotic potentials (MPa) on proline content and percentage seed germination of corn. The experiment was conducted in factorial with a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Seeds of two open pollinated varieties (Masmadu and Thai super sweet) and three Hybrids (968,969 and 926) sweet corn were germinated at 0, -0.2, -0.5, -0.7, -1.2 and -1.4 MPa osmotic potentials. Results showed the percentage of germination and coefficient of velocity decreased with decrease in osmotic potential while proline content and mean germination time increased. Polyethylene glycol increased root length and length per volume at low osmotic potential (-0.2 MPa) but decreased at more than -0.7 MPa. Seedling proline content appears not to be related to percentage germination but appears to be related to the decline in osmotic potential in germination media. Seed germination test at -0.7 to -1.2 MPa has the potential to be used as a vigor test in sweet corn.
Retrospective study of the roles of NDRG 1 expression in gastric cancer : a meta-and bioinformatics analysis

NDRG1 (N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1) is the first member discovered in the NDRG family. It is believed to function as an inhibitor gene of tumors. This study performed a detailed and retrospective document retrieval through PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI updated through July 10, 2017. It was found that levels of NDRG1 expression were decreased in gastric cancer, compared to normal mucosa (p<0.05). Expression of NDRG1 was negatively correlated with depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM staging, and dedifferentiation of gastric cancer (p<0.05). A positive association between NDRG1 expression and favorable overall survival was detected in patients with gastric cancer (p<0.0001). Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that NDRG1 mRNA expression was higher in gastric cancer than in homologous normal tissues, evenly stratified into different type of intestinal-, diffuse-, mixed-, tubular-, and mucinous-type carcinomas (p<0.05). Moreover, less invasion and lighter TNM staging had hyperexpression of NDRG1 mRNA (p<0.05). According to KM plotter database, expression of NDRG1 was significantly correlated with overall survival or progression-free survival rates of patients with gastric cancer, depending on the subgrouping (p<0.05). These consequences indicate that NDRG1 expression might be employed as a potential biomarker to indicate gastric carcinogenesis and subsequent progression, even prognosis.
Supply and Demand Responses to a Tax on Size of Rental Housing : Theory and Evidence from Iran

We use a unique administrative dataset on housing transactions in Tehran to provide evidence on the incidence and distortionary effects of taxes on the size of rental properties. We exploit a feature of the tax code in the Tehran rental market where the tax-exemption threshold is based on the property’s size in square meters. Substantial bunching occurs below the tax cutoff, suggesting strong behavioral responses to the tax kink. We also find higher after-tax rents above the kink. Based on these variations, we develop a structural framework with property taxes and filing costs to estimate the responses of supply and demand for rental housing size. We also examine the question of the economic incidence of the property tax. We estimate a mid-run (10-year) price response of rental housing size supply of 1.36, and a price response of rental housing size demand of -0.17. We find high, but incomplete pass-through of the rental tax, implying that most filing costs are borne by renters.
ANALYTICAL MODELING OF TRIPLE GATE MOSFET

There are so many reasons for evolving from single-gate to multi-gate structures of MOSFET. Our proposal describes how to increase the quality of current drive and improve the short-channel effects (SCEs) of Triple Gate (TG) MOSFET. We also calculate the threshold voltage, drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) and surface potential and discussed a model for the transconductance, drain current and drain conductance in comparison with the Double-gate (DG) and Single-gate (SG) MOSFET. The simulation of triple-gate MOSFET shown the transconductance and voltage gain are increased to 81.47uS and 17.40 respectively with respect to Double-gate (DG) and Single-gate (SG) MOSFET. Better results of operation for the parameters like surface potential, electric field and threshold voltage in triple gate (TG) MOSFET are also established.
1 Precision Measurement of the Weak Charge of the Proton The Q weak Collaboration :

The fields of nuclear and particle physics have undertaken extensive programs to search for evidence of physics beyond that explained by current theories. The observation of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider completed the set of particles predicted by the Standard Model (SM), currently the best description of fundamental particles and forces. However, the theory’s limitations include a failure to predict fundamental parameters and the inability to account for dark matter/energy, gravity, and the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe, among other phenomena. Given the lack of additional particles found so far through direct searches in the postHiggs era, indirect searches utilizing precise measurements of well-predicted SM observables allow highly-targeted alternative tests for physics beyond the SM. Indirect searches have the potential to reach mass/energy scales beyond those directly accessible by today’s high-energy accelerators. The value of the weak charge of the proton QW p is an example of such an indirect search, as it sets the strength of the proton’s interaction with other particles via the well-predicted neutral electroweak force. Parity symmetry (invariance under spatial inversion (x,y,z) → (-x,-y,-z)) is violated only in the weak interaction, thus providing a unique tool to isolate the weak interaction in order to measure the proton’s weak charge1. Here we report QW p = 0.0719 ± 0.0045, as extracted from our measured parityviolating (PV) polarized electron-proton scattering asymmetry, Aep = –226.5 ± 9.3 ppb. Our value of QW p is in excellent agreement with the SM2, and sets multi-TeV-scale constraints on any semi-leptonic PV physics not described within the SM. In the electroweak SM, elastic scattering is mediated by the exchange of neutral currents (virtual photons and Z0 bosons) between fundamental particles. A particle’s weak charge Q( is analogous to but distinct from its electric charge Q: the former quantifies the vector coupling of the Z0 boson to the particle, while the latter quantifies the vector coupling of the photon to the particle. The proton’s weak charge Q( * is defined1 as the sum of the weak vector couplings C,of the Z0 boson to its constituent u and d
Efficacy of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Summary Introduction: The endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is currently regarded as the gold standard in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (RNSC), with or without nasal polyposis refractory to medical therapy optimized. Objective: To evaluate the improvement of symptoms after FESS RNSC, through a questionnaire. Method: This is a prospective study, which included 34 patients undergoing FESS during the year 2009, the Service of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital das Clínicas / UFPR. Of these, 22 were diagnosed as RNSC RNSC and 12 had associated nasal polyps. All patients underwent a questionnaire on preoperative symptoms, comorbidities and degree of symptom improvement after surgery, six months after the procedure. Results: The percentage improvement of symptoms more prevalent in the group with RNSC was as follows: nasal obstruction 87.4%, 80.5% headache, pain / facial pressure 91.6% 81.2% posterior nasal discharge. In the group with polyposis associated improvement was nasal obstruction 76.6%, 76.6% posterior nasal discharge, hyposmia, 68.7%, headache 83%. In our study we found an overall improvement in symptoms of 83.74% in patients with RNSC and 80.5% in patients with associated nasal polyposis. Conclusion: FESS is highly effective in controlling symptoms of RNSC with or without polyposis and is, in our study, its efficacy similar to that found in the literature. With respect to patients with nasal polyposis, studies are needed with longer follow up, since this disease has a high degree of recurrence.
Expansion of Round Key Generations in Advanced Encryption Standard for Secure Communication

21 century is the digital era of information technology and nowadays, cryptography is widely used to solve real-world information security problems that arise in many digital applications such as ATM cards, computer passwords and online shopping. Since all the transaction and communication are paper less and totally depends on the communication technology hence security is one of the challenging issues in making a secure communications. There are several cryptography algorithms such as DES, Double DES, 3DES, IDEA, and AES are used for securing the messages in the form of encryption and decryption. In this paper we implement a round sub keys generation algorithms based on the precomputation key schedule and on the fly key generation schedule should be tested on differed operational modes of AES. The AES algorithm is faster as compared to other algorithms such as DES, 2DES and 3DES because encryption and decryption are done in nonlinear manner and less number of round. We propose a byte oriented 512 bit AES key generation algorithms which provides better security and faster implementation since less iteration are required for generating all the round sub keys.
A Review of Knee Proprioception before and after ACL ( Anterior Cruciate Ligament ) Surgery

Our understanding of recovery of knee function in ACL-deficient knees is still evolving. Although most of the focus today is on anatomic placements and the number and positions of various bundles during reconstruction, enough evidence is coming to light that establishes that proprioception of the knee suffers after an ACL tear. Proprioception is emerging as an important factor to determine post-operative results of ACL reconstruction. Various studies have demonstrated the presence of mechanoreceptors in remnant ACL stumps; based on this there have been proposals of preserving these ACL remnants during ACL reconstruction to ensure a better functional outcome. We believe that proprioception is an important aspect of knee stability, and that it is lost after ACL injury, and all attempts must be made to recover as much proprioception as possible by modifying surgical methods and rehabilitation protocols. Remnant preserving surgery may be one of the options that needs to be explored in more detail, and could potentially be a solution to some of the poor functional outcomes in mechanically well-done ACL reconstructions.
Extensions of the Wang transform for the pricing of insurance and financial risks

It is well known that the Wang transform [15] for the pricing of financial and insurance risks is derived from Bühlmann’s economic premium principle [1]. Recently, some extensions of the Wang transform are proposed, for example, a multivariate extension by Kijima [5] and a extended class of probability transforms by Kijima and Muromachi [9]. In this article we describe the essence of these recent extensions of the Wang transforms and show some special examples related to the Student’s t distributions.
Lethal effect of Turkish diatomaceous earth (Bgn-1 ) agaınst adults of German cockroaches ( Blatella germanıca L.):

In this study, insecticidal efficacy of seven different local diatomaceous earths (DE) obtained from different deposits in Turkey together with two commercial DEs, Silicosec® (Biofa AGGermany) and Desect® (Ep NaturalsAmerica) against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchninae) an important pest of stored chickpea at five different concentrations (100, 300, 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm) was evaluated. The local DEs were coded as BGN, BHN, AG2N, AC2N, CB2N, CCN, FB2N. Mortality of the adults was assessed after 1, 3, 5 and 7 days of exposure, and consequently progeny (F1) production on treated chickpeas was recorded 42 days later. The tests were carried out under laboratory conditions of 25±1 °C, 55±5 % R.H. in a dark place. The most effective DEs after 1 day of exposure were CCN, AG2N and BHN causing 75%, 59%, 58% mortalities, respectively at 1500 ppm concentration. Silicosec®, Desect®, BGN, AC2N, applied at 1500 ppm concentration achieved 98-100% mortality of C.maculatus after 7 days of exposure, showing similar high insecticidal efficacy. The CCN, BHN, AG2N and CB2N caused 97-99% reduction in progeny (F1) production. Generally, increasing concentration significantly reduced the progeny production. In conclusion, this study has shown that three Turkish DEs, namelyCCN, AG2N and BHN highly toxic to C. maculatus after 3 days of exposurein comparison with commercial DEs Silicosec® and Desect®. These local DEs could be used in the management of pests of stored chickpea.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND CORPORATE TRANSPARENCY OF INDONESIAN PUBLIC LISTED COMPANIES

During Asian financial crisis in 1997, some Indonesian public listed companies suffered by decreasing firm value and poor performance. The dominant factors that contributed to Asian financial crisis are poor corporate governance and lack of transparency. As attempt to improve corporate governance practice of Indonesian corporation, some reforms have been conducted by Indonesian regulatory authorities such as issued the code of good corporate governance with the objective to maximize shareholder and firm value by enhancing transparency, accountability, reliability, responsibility, and fairness. This study examined the relationship between those corporate governance attributes and corporate transparency of indonesian public listed companies By exploring the purposive sampling method, 88 companies were selected as the sample of this study. The finding of this study showed that board size and proportion of independent member on board positively affect corporate transparency. It means the corporate transparency will increase since the companies have large board and higher proportion of independent member on boards. In contrast, the proportion of board of directors who have family relationship is negatively associated with corporate transparency. It implies that family boards tend to advise management to disclose less information to public (less transparent) since they can get the informational benefit by transferring that information to their family. Meanwhile, the influence of family ownership, institutional ownership, management ownership, and foreign ownership on corporate transparency was not be supported by this study.
Amaranth leaf powder and skimmed milk improve 2 the nutritional , functional , rheological and sensory 3 properties of orange fleshed sweet potato flour 4

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and under nutrition are major public health concerns in 9 developing countries. Diets with high vitamin A and animal protein can help reduce the problem 10 of VAD and under nutrition respectively. In this study, composite flours were developed from 11 orange fleshed sweet potato (OFSP), amaranth leaves and skimmed milk powders; 78:2:20, 12 72.5:2.5:25, 65:5:30 and 55:10:35. The physical‐chemical characteristics of the composite flours were 13 determined using standard methods while sensory acceptability of porridges was rated on a nine‐ 14 point hedonic scale using a trained panel. Results indicated a significant (p < 0.05) increase in protein 15 (12.1 to 19.9%), iron (4.8 to 97.4 mg/100 g) and calcium (45.5 to 670.2 mg/100 g) contents of the OFSP‐ 16 based composite flours. The vitamin A content of composite flours contributed 32 to 442% to the 17 recommended dietary allowance of children 6‐59 months. The composite flours showed a significant 18 (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in solubility, swelling power and scores of porridge attributes with increase in 19 substitution levels of skimmed milk and amaranth leaf powder. The study findings indicate that the 20 OFSP‐based composite flours have the potential to make significant contribution to the 21 improvement in the nutrition status of children 6‐59 months in developing countries. 22
EFFECT OF PARENTING STYLE ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS : AN ANALYTICAL ANALYSIS

The present study was undertaken to examine academic achievement of senior secondary school students in relation to their perceived parenting style. Academic achievement was treated as dependent variable, whereas parenting style (Autocratic, democratic, permissive and uninvolved) and demographic variables: type of school (Govt. & Private) and gender (Male & Female) were treated as independent variables. Descriptive survey method was employed for the present study. A sample of 598 students was taken using multi-stage random sampling technique. Parenting Style Scale by Gupta and Mehtani (2017) was used to collect the data and Three-Way ANOVA with 4×2×2 factorial design was used to analyze the data. Levene’s Test of Homogeneity of Variance was also applied to test the assumption of homogeneity of variance for ANOVA. Main effect of parenting style and gender on academic achievement of senior secondary school students was found to be significant. However, no significant effect of type of school was reported. No significant interaction effect of parenting style and type of school & type of school and gender was found on academic achievement of senior secondary school students. On the other side, significant interaction effect of parenting style and gender was reported on academic achievement of senior secondary school students. Triple interaction effect of parenting style, type of school and gender on academic achievement of senior secondary school students was found to be insignificant.
The Impact of Economic and Behavioral Drivers on Gig Economy Workers

Motivation: In today’s ever-expanding “gig economy”, independent workers can freely choose when to work as well as seamlessly switch between multiple platforms that offer different incentives. Once a small minority of low-skilled workers with relatively low income, the gig economy now attracts high-skilled workers who are opting to join a flexible workforce. Companies greatly benefit from increased labor flexibility as they can hire workers with different skill levels to work at different times while paying them only for the work they perform. Although the core of gig economy’s success lies in the perfect match between demand and supply, companies need to ensure that their services appeal not only to customers (demand) but also to service providers (supply). This poses an enormous challenge in planning and committing to a service capacity, during both peak hours (when demand is high), and off-peak times when only a handful of workers are needed. How can firms recruit the right number of on-demand workers at the right time? To address this question, it is important to first understand: How do gig workers make working decisions? Our project is in collaboration with a ridehailing company with the goal to not only improve the way of predicting the number of drivers who will work during a given day and time, but also understand how to better incentivize them, as a way to match supply and demand. Related Work: The gig economy has become an increasingly active research area that spans several disciplines, from economics to operations management. For decades, economists have been studying how labor supply is affected by wage changes, notably among taxi and, more recently, ride-hailing drivers. Since the seminal work by Camerer et al. (1997) proposed a behavioral model of labor supply and coined “income targeting” for taxi drivers, subsequent studies have drawn different conclusions, even among researchers using data from on-demand platforms. For example, Sheldon (2016) does not find any evidence of income targeting, while Farber (2015) does. Our paper aims to reconcile this argument by exploiting our rich data set that includes a complete description of the supply side. Prior studies have investigated the relationship between wage/income and working hours, but typically do not account for the workers who did not work. By using a two-step method to first predict the working decision, and then the number of hours worked, we address the issue of self-selection bias that arises from the fact that drivers’ decisions are not random. We also propose an operational framework to