Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of goal setting and team building competencies on effectiveness

This paper examined the relationship of certain specific managerial competencies of goal setting and team building with organizational effectiveness. The specific managerial competencies of goal setting and team building were taken as independent variables, leadership style as a moderating variable, and organizational effectiveness was treated as a dependent measure. The data were collected from 307 executives belonging to banking sector from West Bengal, and analyzed using correlation, multiple regression, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique. The results showed that these managerial competencies had significantly predicted organizational effectiveness indicating their positive association with leadership style and organizational effectiveness. It was also found that the leadership style had significantly moderated the relationship between these competencies and organizational effectiveness. The findings have implications for management that they should closely examine their managerial competencies and leadership style to facilitate high performance among managers.
Pipe smoking and cancers of the upper digestive tract

Pipe smoking has been related to the risk of cancers of the upper digestive and respiratory tract, but quantification of the risk for exclusive pipe smokers is still limited. To analyse the association between exclusive pipe smoking and cancers of the upper digestive tract, we used data from a series of case–control studies conducted in Italy and Switzerland between 1984 and 1999. After excluding cigarette and cigar smokers, 41 male oral and pharyngeal cancer cases, 52 male oesophageal cancer cases and 1,032 male controls were included in the present analysis. Odds ratios (OR) of cancers were estimated by the mean of unconditional multivariate logistic regression, including terms for age, study centre, education, body mass index, and alcohol drinking. Compared to never smokers, exclusive pipe smokers had an OR of 8.7 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 4.0–18.9] of all upper digestive tract cancers. The OR was 12.6 for oral and pharyngeal and 7.2 for oesophageal cancer. Pipe smokers who were also heavy alcohol drinkers had an OR of 38.8 (95% CI: 13.6–110.9) as compared to never smokers and light drinkers. Thus, pipe smoking and heavy alcohol drinking appears to interact at least on a multiplicative model. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Role of Social Media Advertising in Consumer Buying Behavior

P Consumer buying behavior is known also as consumer decision making is the process by which individuals search for, select, purchase, use, and dispose of goods and services to satisfy require needs. This study has been designed to answer main question about the role of social media advertising on consumer buying behavior in very active field which is fashion retail industry, then determine the differences if existed in this relation regarding to the name of the brands and consumer demographics factors. By electronic questionnaires conducted for consumers live in Istanbul-Turkey, findings showed weak relation between social media advertising and consumer need recognition, no relation at all with search for information, strong relation with evaluate the alternatives, and moderate relation for both buying decision and post-purchase behavior, as those steps represent the five steps need recognition model in consumer buying behavior. Moreover, findings showed no changes in this relation regarding to consumer’s age, and education level. However, there were changes between Females and males in the relation with consumer need recognition, and search for information. In addition, another changes regarding to income between social media advertising and evaluate the alternatives especially for consumers earn more than 5.000TL among other income groups.
Diversification Strategies of Multi-national and Domestic Companies in India: A Comparative Evaluation in the Dynamic Environment

The aim of this article is to analyze and compare the nature, extent and pattern of diversification of domestic and multi-national companies (MNCs). A total of 536 companies from BS-1000 (March, 2012) form the sample of the study. The diversification move has been studied over a period of 10 years from 2001 to 2011. Firms are classified into four categories on the basis of Jacquemin–Berry entropy-index measure (1979) as Very Low Diversified (VLD), Related Diversified (RD), Unrelated Diversified (UD) and Very High Diversified (VHD). In order to check the difference in the extent of diversification, chi-square statistic has been employed. The article identifies that both MNCs and domestic companies are following diversification strategy, although the extent of diversification is higher in the case of MNCs than their domestic counterparts. ‘Related diversification’ is the most preferred strategy for both the groups. Further, both the groups follow an irregular pattern of diversification, although Indian companies prefer faster and forward movement, while MNCs are comparatively sluggish with their moves.
Inhibition of Carcinogen-Induced DNA Damage in Rat Liver and Colon by Garlic Powders With Varying Alliin Content

Abstract: The present study was designed to investigate the protective efficiency of three garlic powders, obtained from bulbs grown in soils with different levels of sulfur fertilization, against DNA damage. Increasing fertilization of soil resulted in an increased alliin content of the powders. Garlic powders were administered to rats for 2 weeks (5% of the diet) and their antigenotoxic effects were examined in the liver and the colon using the comet assay. Consumption of the different garlic powders induced a 35–60% reduction in DNA damage induced by N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in rat liver. Increased alliin content of the garlic powder was associated strongly with a proportional decrease in NDMA induced DNA alteration. DNA damage induced by aflatoxin B1 in the liver or by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in the colon were also decreased strongly by the three garlic powders but these decreases were not correlated to the alliin content of the garlic powders. Feeding garlic powders did not modify the genotoxic activity of the direct-acting carcinogen methylnitrosourea in the colon. Part of our results supports evidence that fertilization can have an impact on the protective capacity of garlic bulbs.
RTN and low frequency noise on ultra-scaled near-ballistic Ge nanowire nMOSFETs

In this work, we present the first observation of random telegraph noise (RTN) in ultra-scaled Ge nanowire (NW) nMOSFETs. The impacts of NW geometry, channel length, EOT, and channel doping on low frequency noise are studied comprehensively. It is confirmed that the low frequency noise with 1/f characteristics is attributed to the mobility fluctuation in ultra-scaled Ge NW nMOSFETs. The low frequency noise decreases when the channel length scales down from 80 nm to 40 nm because of the near-ballistic transport of electrons.
Individual differences in the coming out process for gay men: implications for theoretical models.

One hundred ninety-nine self-defined homosexual males were asked about the ages at which milestone events occurred in the coming out process (i.e., initial awareness of same-sex attractions, same-sex acts, self-designation as homosexual, initial involvement in a long-term relationship, self-disclosures to significant others, and acquiring a positive gay identity). Overall findings indicated that an orderly developmental sequence underlies the coming out process; however, not all subjects progressed in a predictable fashion from an awareness of same-sex feelings through behavior to eventual self-labelling, self-disclosure, and final stabilization of a positive gay identity. A number of individual differences emerged: 18% of the sample labelled themselves "homosexual" in the absence of any overt same-sex sexual experience; 22% arrived at homosexual self-definitions while participating in a long-term relationship with another man; 23% adopted homosexual self-definitions only after involvement in such a relationship. Fifteen percent of the respondents indicated that they had not acquired a positive gay identity (i.e., were not glad to be gay). These individuals differed from the remainder of the sample on a number of significant measures reflective of psychological health. Significant differences were also found among three cohort groups with respect to age at occurrence of particular milestone events. Findings from the present investigation were explored in relation to both the theoretical conceptions and available empirical data concerned with homosexual identity formation.
Suppression on Your Own Terms

Research on emotion suppression has shown a rebound effect, in which expression of the targeted emotion increases following a suppression attempt. In prior investigations, participants have been explicitly instructed to suppress their responses, which has drawn the act of suppression into metaconsciousness. Yet emerging research emphasizes the importance of nonconscious approaches to emotion regulation. This study is the first in which a craving rebound effect was evaluated without simultaneously raising awareness about suppression. We aimed to link spontaneously occurring attempts to suppress cigarette craving to increased smoking motivation assessed immediately thereafter. Smokers (n = 66) received a robust cued smoking-craving manipulation while their facial responses were videotaped and coded using the Facial Action Coding System. Following smoking-cue exposure, participants completed a behavioral choice task previously found to index smoking motivation. Participants evincing suppression-related facial expressions during cue exposure subsequently valued smoking more than did those not displaying these expressions, which suggests that internally generated suppression can exert powerful rebound effects.
Cardiovascular disease risk management in a primary health care setting of north India.

OBJECTIVE This study was primarily carried out to assess the feasibility of an adapted WHO CVD risk management package in a primary care setting. METHODS A community intervention trial was conducted in eight health posts located in rural, urban, and slum areas of northern India. After a 4 day training, eight health workers implemented the package among 1010 adults > or =30 years of age from a randomly chosen cluster of households. Locally adapted scenario 1 WHO protocol was used for the assessment of CVD risks. The health workers inquired about smoking, alcohol, diet, physical activity, symptoms of angina, and transient ischaemic attacks; and measured systolic blood pressure (SBP7), height, and weight. Those with a risk were counseled and referred to a physician. Hypertensives were followed at 1, 3, and 5-month interval to reinforce risk prevention and adherence to treatment. In a 20% random sub sample, in the study and control area before and after the intervention, WHO STEPS instrument was used to evaluate effectiveness of the package. FINDINGS After training, the knowledge of health workers regarding risk factors and symptoms of CVDs increased from 47% to 92.5%, and their performance in detection of risks was comparable to the investigator. All health workers could pay scheduled home visits regularly. They referred 279 (27.6%) individuals having raised systolic blood pressure (SBP), and 74.5% contacted the doctor. Significant decrease in mean SBP (8.8 mm Hg) was observed during follow-up. Significantly higher reports of intention to quit tobacco (60.3% vs 25.5%) and regular intake of anti-hypertensive medication (58.3% vs 34.8%) were observed in the intervention area compared to the control area. CONCLUSION Adapted WHO CVD risk management package can be implemented through primary care system.
Perception and Attitudes of Market Women towards Family Planning

The study investigated the perception and attitudes of market women towards the practice of family planning in Anyigba. The study also examined whether the use of family planning among the market women differs according to their educational level. Three major markets were identified, these markets were classified as large size market, medium size market and small size market based on their physical area coverage and the volume of goods flowing through the market. About two hundred and four (204) structured questions were used to extract information from the market women. The objectives of the study are to assess the perception and attitudes of market women towards family planning in Anyigba, to find out the level of awareness of market women on family planning, to identify the contraceptive methods use by market women, to identify the factors militating against the practice of family planning among the market women in Anyigba. The study revealed that the level of education among the market women had significant relationship with the use of family planning methods. Low level of education among the market women and poor quality of family health services is responsible for low level of contraceptive usage among the market women in Anyigba. The study revealed that 82.4%of the market women are married, 10.9% are divorced and 6.7% are widowed. 44.6% did not receive formal education, 37.3% have primary education, 14.5% have secondary education and 3.6% have tertiary education. The study also revealed that only 39% practice either modern or natural methods of family planning while 61% do not use or practice family at all. 87% of the market women are aware of family planning, while 13% are not aware of family planning. 60% of the women are Muslim while 40% are Christian. Based on the findings of this study more awareness on family planning techniques should be created at the grass root level. Government should provide free family health related services at the grass root and Family planning should be integrated with other health services.
Photodissociation of triplet and singlet states of the CCO radical

The triplet and singlet states of the ketenylidene (CCO) radical are investigated using fast radical beam photofragment translational spectroscopy, in which CCO is generated by laser photodetachment of CCO− and subsequently photodissociated, and anion photoelectron spectroscopy. In the photodissociation experiment, two bands in which the upper state of CCO predissociates are studied. Photodissociation from excitation of the A 3Π–X 3Σ− band in CCO is observed from 16 666–23 529 cm−1; resonances are observed and assigned to excited vibrational levels involving all three vibrational modes. We also report the first observation of the c 1Π–a 1Δ band in CCO. Here, the a 1Δ state of CCO is generated by laser photodetachment at higher photon energy than was used to generate the X 3Σ state. The c 1Π state is approximately located by photoelectron spectroscopy of CCO−, and the photodissociation experiment shows that the origin of the c 1Π–a 1Δ band occurs around 17 170 cm−1. Kinetic-energy release spectra from.
Glomus tumor of the gastric body: helical CT findings.

Glomus tumors,also known as glomangiomas,are rare and originate in the neuromyoarterial glomus,a normal arteriovenous shunt which is abundantly supplied with nerve fibers and fulfills a temperature-regulating function.The classic location of glomus tumor is the subungual region,but the tumor can occur elsewhere in the skin,soft tissues,nerves,stomach,nasal cavity,and trachea.In the gastrointestinal(GI)tract the tumor occurs more often in the stomach than other parts,and typically occurs as a solitary submucosal nodule in the antrum.We reported a case of glomus tumor originating from the greater curvature of stomach which was studied with contrast-enhanced helical computed tomography (CT)and described the characteristic helical CT findings of the rare lesion.
Temperature distribution and thermal anomalies along a flowline of the Greenland ice sheet

Abstract Englacial and basal temperature data for the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) are sparse and mostly limited to deep interior sites and ice streams, providing an incomplete representation of the thermal state of ice within the ablation zone. Here we present 11 temperature profiles at five sites along a 34 km east–west transect of West Greenland. These profiles depict ice temperatures along a flowline and local temperature variations between closely spaced boreholes. A temperate basal layer is present in all profiles, increasing in thickness in the flow direction, where it expands from ∼3% of ice height furthest inland to 100% at the margin. Temperate thickness growth is inconsistent with modeled heat contributions from strain heating, heat conduction, and vertical extension of the temperate layer. We suggest that basal crevassing, facilitated by water pressures at or near ice overburden pressure, is responsible for the large temperate ice thicknesses observed. High-temperature kinks at 51–85 m depth are likely remnants from the thermal influence of partially water-filled crevasses up ice sheet. Steep horizontal temperature gradients between closely grouped boreholes suggest the recent thermal influence of a moulin. These profiles demonstrate the ability of meltwater to rapidly alter ice temperatures at all depths within the ablation zone.
c-erbB3 protein expression in ovarian cancer

Aims—To study the prevalence of overexpression of c-erbB3 growth factor receptor in ovarian carcinomas and to analyse its relation to histological subtype, stage and grade of the tumours. Methods—Ninety eight ovarian carcinomas were evaluated immunohistochemically using the RTJ1 monoclonal antibody raised against a synthetic peptide, the sequence of which was derived from the cytoplasmic domain of the c-erbB3 protein. Results—Of the tumours, 16% (16/98) overexpressed c-erbB3 protein relative to normal ovarian epithelium, whereas 22% (22/98) were completely negative. There was a statistically significant association between overexpression and well differentiated grade. Conclusions—These findings suggest that c-erbB3 protein overexpression occurs in a significant proportion of ovarian cancers and is correlated with differentiation. Overexpression may merit further investigation as a potential prognostic indicator and as a target for new treatment.
Correlation of serum L-carnitine and dehydro-epiandrosterone sulphate levels with age and sex in healthy adults.

OBJECTIVES L-carnitine and dehydro-epiandrosterone (DHEA) independently promote mitochondrial energy metabolism. We therefore wondered if an age-related deficiency of L-carnitine or DHEA may account for the declining energy metabolism associated with age. METHODS we evaluated serum levels of L-carnitine and the sulphated derivative of DHEA (DHEAS) in cross-sectional study of 216 healthy adults, aged 20-95. RESULTS serum DHEAS levels declined, while total carnitine levels increased with age (P < 0.0001). Total and free carnitine and DHEAS levels were lower in women than men (P < 0.0001). Esterified/free (E/F) carnitine (inversely related to carnitine availability) increased with age in both sexes (P=0.012). CONCLUSION reduced carnitine availability correlates with the age-related decline of DHEAS levels. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that decreased energy metabolism with age relates to DHEAS levels and carnitine availability.
The p43 Component of the Mammalian Multi-synthetase Complex Is Likely To Be the Precursor of the Endothelial Monocyte-activating Polypeptide II Cytokine*

p43 is one of the three auxiliary components invariably associated with nine aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases as a multienzyme complex ubiquitous to all eukaryotic cells from flies to humans. The cDNA encoding the hamster protein was isolated by using mixed oligonucleotides deduced from peptide sequences. The 359-amino acid protein is the hamster homologue of the recently reported murine and human EMAP II cytokine implicated in a variety of inflammatory disorders. The sequence of several proEMAP II proteins suggests that the p43 component of the complex is the precursor of the active mature cytokine after cleavage at a conserved Asp residue. The COOH-terminal moiety of p43 is also homologous to polypeptide domains found in bacterial methionyl- or phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetases and in the yeast Arc1p/G4p1 protein that associates with yeast methionyl-tRNA synthetase. Our results implicate the COOH-terminal moiety of p43 as a RNA binding domain. In the native state, as a component of the multisynthetase complex, p43 may be required for tRNA channeling and, after proteolytic processing occurring in tumor cells, would acquire inflammatory properties possibly related to apoptosis. The release of a truncated p43 from the complex could be involved in mediation of the signaling of tumor cells and stimulation of an acute inflammatory response.
Simultaneous measurements of serum α-fetoprotein and protein induced by vitamin K absence for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma

OBJECTIVE:We evaluated the measurements of serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) and the protein induced by vitamin K absence (PIVKA-II) in 734 patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) and liver cirrhosis (LC) who had been followed-up for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS:Serum AFP and PIVKA-II were measured every month and abdominal ultrasonography was performed every 3 months. Youden's index (sensitivity + specificity −1) was calculated.RESULTS:On an average follow-up period of 374.5 days, HCC was detected in three HBsAg-positive LC patients (10.0%/yr), four anti-HCV-positive CH patients (1.35%/yr), 21 anti-HCV-positive LC patients (7.8%/yr), and one patient with both HBsAg- and anti-HCV-positive LC (22.7%/yr). At the time of HCC detection, the size of HCC was 4.7 ± 0.6 (mean ± SD) cm in HBsAg-positive patients and 2.4 ± 1.3 cm in anti-HCV-positive patents. Cut-off values of 20 ng/ml for AFP (Youden's index = 0.422) and 60 mAU/ml for PIVKA-II (Youden's index = 0.316) gave the highest index for each marker. When these two markers were combined, cut-off values of 40 ng/ml for AFP and 80 mAU/ml for PIVKA-II gave the highest index (Youden's index = 0.500, sensitivity = 65.5%, specificity = 85.5%, positive predictable value = 14.8%, negative predictable value = 98.3%). The levels of AFP or PIVKA-II increased within three months before the detection of HCC.CONCLUSIONS:Simultaneous measurements of serum AFP and PIVKA-II levels that are performed every 3 months are useful for detecting a developing HCC. The optimal cut-off values for AFP and PIVKA-II may be 40 ng/ml and 80 mAU/ml, respectively.
mHealth: A Passing Fad or Here to Stay?

The mHealth field focuses on the use of mobile technologies to support hospital care, healthy behavior, patient monitoring, and educational awareness. It is a new field that is developing rapidly, with thousands of mHealth applications developed within the last two years alone. In this chapter, the authors discuss the current state of, and the opportunities and challenges within, the mHealth field. They also introduce the term Mobile Social Networking Healthcare (MSN-Healthcare), which they define as follows: “The use of mobile health applications that incorporate social networking tools to promote healthy behaviors and awareness among patient groups and communities. ” This concept has not been introduced in previous literature. This chapter is organized as follows: 1) introduction and background of mHealth; 2) opportunities for the implementation of mHealth in relation to chronic disease management, the education of health professionals, the needs of health professionals, and the decision-making process for patients and clinicians; 3) challenges concerning implementation and usability, information needs, and interactions with clinical work; 4) current application uses; and 5) future trends and conclusion.