Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A rigorous subexponential algorithm for computation of class groups

Let C(-d) denote the Gauss Class Group of quadratic forms of a negative discriminant -d (or equivalently, the class group of the imaginary quadratic field Q(A/=') ). We give a rigorous proof that there exists a Las Ve- gas algorithm that will compute the structure of C(-d) with an expected running time of L(d) vf2+? (1) bit operations, where L(d) = exp( Vlog d log log d) . Thus, of course, also includes the computation of the class number h(-d), the cardinality of C(-d) . IBM RESEARCH DIvISION, ALMADEN RESEARCH CENTER, K53/802, 650 HARRY ROAD, SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA 95 120-6099 Current address (K. McCurley): Organization 1423, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185 This content downloaded from 207.46. 13.180 on Thu, 08 Sep 2016 05:47:29 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor. org/terms
Memory for Conversation on Trial

This chapter describes how testimony regarding conversation is central to the vast majority of criminal and civil cases litigated in the courts. The chapter illustrates, using a variety of case examples, that testimony regarding the content of conversation is central to a vast array of criminal and civil cases litigated in our judicial system. Notwithstanding this centrality of memory for conversation, memory researchers have largely neglected basic research in this area and memory experts have rarely been asked to testify regarding the determinants of accuracy in memory for conversation. Although basic memory research offers a rich source of hypotheses regarding the determinants of memory for conversation, it remains for future research to explore the ways in which the principles governing memory for conversation converge (or not) with those governing memory for other events. Meanwhile, it is clear that memory for conversation can and does fail for most, if not all, for the same reason that memory for other events fails. Thus, memory experts can be helpful to trial attorneys that are faced with potentially inaccurate witness testimony regarding the contents or context of conversation.
The impact of personality and self-efficacy on academic and military performance: The mediating role of self-efficacy

Abstract In order to optimize recruitment and the overall outcome of educational programmes, it is crucial to understand personal determinants of achievement. While several cognitive abilities and skills individually predict performance in academic and professional settings, it is less clear how personality translates into performance. This study addresses the impact of the Big Five personality trait, conscientiousness, on academic performance and instructor performance ratings and examines the mediating role of self-efficacy. Analysis of longitudinal data (Time 1: n = 166 (conscientiousness); Time 2: n = 161 (self-efficacy); Time 3: n = 136 (military performance) and n = 156 (academic performance)) from three military academies in Norway showed that conscientiousness was related to both military and academic performance. Moreover, self-efficacy emerged as a partial mediator for the relationship between conscientiousness and performance.
Ulcerative colitis developing after amoebic dysentery in a haemophiliac patient with AIDS

Severe diarrhoea in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is usually a manifestation of gastrointestinal infection by a variety of organisms. We report a patient with low CD4 T celi counts who developed ulcerative colitis after amoebic dysentery. He subsequently developed acute ulcerative colitis with toxic dilatation while he was severely immunocompromised. He responded to corticosteroids and mesalazine and remains well on maintenance therapy. Diarrhoeal illness is a common occurrence in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This is frequently the result of infection with opportunistic organisms, although diarrhoea without infection does occur as part of chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We report a heterosexual man with haemophilia who presented with toxic megacolon secondary to ulcerative colitis and responded to steroids and mesalazine. To deter-mine the extent of his colitis an "'Indium oxine labelled leukocyte scan was performed, but in view of his neutropaenia donor leukocytes were used. To our knowledge, this is the first case of severe ulcerative colitis developing in an HIV infected patient with such severe immuno-suppression.
Who they are and what they want: Understanding the reasons for MOOC enrollment

The diversity in reasons that students have for enrolling in massive open online courses (MOOCs) is an often-overlooked aspect while modeling learners’ behaviors in MOOCs. Using survey data from 11,202 students in ﬁve MOOCs spanning diﬀerent academic disciplines, this study evaluates the reasons that students enrolled in MOOCs, using an unsupervised learning method, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). After ﬁtting an LDA model, we used correspondence analysis to understand whether these reasons were general, and could be invoked across the ﬁve MOOCs, or whether the reasons were course-speciﬁc. Furthermore, log-linear models were employed to understand the relations between the reasons students enrolled, the course they took, and their background characteristics. We found that students enrolled for many diﬀerent reasons, and that their age was statistically related to the reasons they gave for taking a MOOC, but their gender was not. The paper concludes with a discussion of how instructors and course designers can use this information when creating new—or redesigning existing— MOOCs.
Linewidth determination in local oxidation nanolithography of silicon surfaces

We measure the linewidth of structures fabricated by local oxidation lithography on silicon surfaces. Two different structures, isolated and arrays of parallel lines have been generated. The oxide structures have been fabricated in the proximity of sexithiophene islands whose size is comparable to the oxide motives. The comparison between local oxides and sexithiophene islands reveals that atomic force microscopy (AFM) images faithfully reproduce the size and shape of local silicon oxides. The oxide lines have a trapezoidal shape with a flat section at the top. AFM images of the oxide structures show rather small slopes ∼0.05–0.15 which imply angles with the horizontal between 3° and 8°. The shallow angles imply a minimum feature size of 14 nm at the base for an oxide thickness of 1 nm. Linewidths of 7 nm and 20 nm at the top and base, respectively, have been fabricated. We have also demonstrated the ability to pack structures with a periodicity of 13 nm.
Glucokinase as a Glucose Sensor in Hypothalamus - Regulation by Orexigenic and Anorexigenic Peptides

Glucose homeostasis requires hormonal and neural mechanisms in an attempt to get a normal functioning of the brain and of peripheral tissues. Blood glucose levels must be maintained within a physiological range depending of feeding and hormonal status, having the alterations of normoglycemic levels deleterious consequences. Hypothalamus plays a major role on feeding behaviour and energy homeostasis. It contains the called "satiety centre" and "hunger centre" located in ventromedial (VMH) and lateral hypothalamus (LH) respectively. These brain areas, besides others, may be altered by metabolic signals, such as changes in the electrical activity of neurons by direct application of glucose or by modifications of blood glucose levels. In this regard, glucose activates or inhibits neuronal activity, and both responses suggest the presence of glucose sensors in these brain areas. Glucose sensors are molecular designs responsible for detecting and measuring glucose concentrations in the extracellular space. Thus, glucose sensor are presents in gut, endocrine pancreatic cells, portal vein, central nervous system and rare neuroendocrine cells, and they are responsible to avoid marked blood glucose oscillations, which permit to maintain glucose homeostasis. First evidence of the existence of a glucose sensor system was reported in pancreatic betacells (Matschinsky 1990), constituted by glucokinase (GK). GK catalyses glucose phosphorylation with low afffinity and it is not inhibited by its product (glucose-6phosphate), which allows increased glucose utilization as its concentration rises. Due to GK properties, the glucose catabolism rate is proportional to glucose levels in the extracellular space and for that reason GK is the major contributor to glucose sense, since catalyses the rate-limiting step of glucose catabolism. Interestingly, glucose transporter isoform 2 (GLUT2) also with a high Km for glucose transport, has a different role since glucose transport occurs in both directions of the beta-cell membrane and glucose transport is 100-fold higher that the rates of glucose metabolism. Our previous findings (Alvarez et al., 1996; Navarro et al., 1996) indicating the presence of GK together with GLUT-2 and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) in the same cells
The 'Conversation Partner' Phenomenon in the Dialogical I-Other Relationship

This paper develops a new approach to study one’s relationships with others, focusing on the conditions and the effects of the dialogical nature of a person. Theoretical modelling, hermeneutics, qualitative and quantitative methods are applied. A solution for detecting the conditions of self-development and social positioning of a person, which are rooted in dialogical I-Other relationships, is suggested. The originality of the paper is found in describing the relation to the other as the I-Other relationship; in the elaborated model that highlights how different dimensions of I-Other relationships (between I and Other, I-in-Other, Other-in-I, I-in-Myself) leads to truly a dialogical mode of being; in revealing the potentials of the Conversation Partner in dialogical I-Other relationships (subjective interrelations and the significance of Conversation Partners, their activity, the fullness of the reflection of significant Conversation Partners); in the description of different “hypostases” of Conversation Partners (real, ideal, imagined, secret, I as Myself) by means of hermeneutics; in the “My Conversation Partner” method; and in the empirical study of existential and social resources of Conversation Partners. The theoretical background of the study is formed by the works of M. Bakhtin, M. Buber, M. Heidegger, J.-P. Sartre, E. Levinas, and by the works of modern psychologists such as G. M. Kuchinsky, A. V. Rossohin, E. B. Starovoytenko, C. T. Brown, P.W. Keller, H. Hermans, F. Rivetti Âarbo. The results show the potentials of social adaptivity, affiliation, dominating, positive solitude, joy of solitude, freedom, self-transcendence, existential fulfilment are associated with the richness of one's Conversation Partners. A real Conversation Partner is associated with a greater affiliation resource, a secret one with a greater solitude resource, an ideal one with a higher potential to constructively dominate the interaction.
ProVIL – Produktentwicklung im virtuellen Ideenlabor

Die Anmeldung zur Lehrveranstaltung ProVIL für das SS2020 ist bis zum 26.04. 2020 möglich. Arbeiten Sie auf einer Innovationsplattform standortverteilt und virtuell von zuhause aus gemeinsam mit Ihrem Team an einer Entwicklungsaufgabe. Innovation-Coaches beraten und unterstützen Sie dabei. Erleben Sie Produktentwicklung hautnah von der Marktund Technologie-Analyse bis zum (virtuellen) Produkt.
Parabolic optimal transport equations on manifolds

We study a parabolic equation for finding solutions to the optimal transport problem on compact Riemannian manifolds with general cost functions. We show that if the cost satisfies the strong MTW condition and the stay-away singularity property, then the solution to the parabolic flow with any appropriate initial condition exists for all time and it converges exponentially to the solution to the optimal transportation problem. Such results hold in particular, on the sphere for the distance squared cost of the round metric and for the far-field reflector antenna cost, among others.
Plasma pro-surfactant protein B and lung function decline in smokers

Plasma pro-surfactant protein B (pro-SFTPB) levels have recently been shown to predict the development of lung cancer in current and ex-smokers, but the ability of pro-SFTPB to predict measures of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity is unknown. We evaluated the performance characteristics of pro-SFTPB as a biomarker of lung function decline in a population of current and ex-smokers. Plasma pro-SFTPB levels were measured in 2503 current and ex-smokers enrolled in the Pan-Canadian Early Detection of Lung Cancer Study. Linear regression was performed to determine the relationship of pro-SFTPB levels to changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) over a 2-year period as well as to baseline FEV1 and the burden of emphysema observed in computed tomography (CT) scans. Plasma pro-SFTPB levels were inversely related to both FEV1 % predicted (p=0.024) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) (p<0.001), and were positively related to the burden of emphysema on CT scans (p<0.001). Higher plasma pro-SFTPB levels were also associated with a more rapid decline in FEV1 at 1 year (p=0.024) and over 2 years of follow-up (p=0.004). Higher plasma pro-SFTPB levels are associated with increased severity of airflow limitation and accelerated decline in lung function. Pro-SFTPB is a promising biomarker for COPD severity and progression. High plasma pro-SFTPB levels are associated with more rapid short-term declines in FEV1 in current and ex-smokers http://ow.ly/E9Gmx
Prevalence of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Neonates

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome is defined as acute diffuse inflammatory lung injury causing increased pulmonary vascular permeability with increased lung weight, loss of aerated lung tissues leading to hypoxemia and bilateral radiographic opacities associated with increased venous admixture, increased physiological dead space and decreased lung compliance. Aim of work: to determine the prevalence rates of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in neonates in King Abdulaziz Hospital, Taif city, Saudi Arabia and to find out the most important causes of RDS in preterm babies in Taif city. Methods: a cross-sectional questionnaire based study carried out in Saudi Arabia, Taif city, King Abdulaziz Hospital from January to June 2016 (6 months period) on preterm neonates. Results: 57.1% of newborn were male gender and 42.9% were female, 4.4% of babies were extreme preterm, 86.5% were preterm, 4.4% were late preterm and 4.7% were full term, the prevalence rate of RDS in newborn was 54.7% in the 6 months of this study. Conclusion: RDS is one of the major problems among newborns and a major reason for increased morbidity and mortality among infants. Preterm babies are the main risk factor for development of RDS. Mother’s illnesses, especially hypertension and Diabetes are very strong risk factors for the disease in preterm babies. Cesarean delivery, especially in preterm babies and male gender stays other important risk factors for RDS.
Life-cycle and pre-imaginal morphology in Carabus of Subgenus Cathoplius C.G. Thomson, 1875 (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

The authors describe the life-cycle and pre-imaginal characters of the taxa currently ascribed to Subgenus Cathoplius C.G. Thomson, 1875, with details never provided before. Cathoplius are ground beetles adapted to live in arid environments and extreme habitats such as sub-desert areas. All of them are strictly helicophagous, both during the pre-imaginal stages and as adults, and are localized in a narrow fringe along the Atlantic coast of Northwestern Africa. Several data and observations on the eco-ethology of the different taxa, obtained both in field and in laboratory, are reported. The life-cycle of Cathoplius belongs to the winter breeding type, with an extremely high fecundity rate concentrated in a very short period of time, that has no similarity to any other Carabus species. Eggs, larvae and pupae of the different species and subspecies of Cathoplius are described and illustrated. Hybridization trials between some taxa are also reported, showing a reduced survival rate of the progeny, thus confirming their specific or subspecific differentiation as proposed by classical taxonomy.
Developmental Precursors of Externalizing Behavior : Ages 1 to 3

Despite previous research indicating that early negative child behavior and the quality of the parentchild relationship are predictive of later externalizing problems, few investigators have attempted to trace these antecedents back to infancy. In a sample of 100 infants from low-income families, it was possible to identify developmental sequences leading from infant persistence and lack of maternal responsiveness to later child disruptive, aggressive child behavior at ages 2 and 3. Gender differences were found with respect to the range and type of variables that showed continuity in predicting disruptive behavior. For boys, salient predictors of age 2 and age 3 externalizing behavior were maternal unresponsiveness, infant attention-seeking, aggression, and noncompliance, whereas for girls, infant noncompliance was related to both age 3 externalizing and internalizing problems.
Optimization of the landfill leachate treatment by the Fenton process

The Fenton process was used with the objective of improving the biodegradability of the leachate pretreated biologically up to a value compatible with a subsequent biological treatment. The optimum reaction and settlement pH was 3, both for the organic matter removal and for the improvement of the biodegradability. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal increased at increasing Fe2+ dosages, from 75.6% for 300 mg/L to 89.0% for 1400 mg/L. The most significant enhancement (84.8%) was obtained with 800 mg Fe2+/L. However, the biological oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand ratio (BOD/COD) was almost the same at all the Fe2+ dosages, around 0.29. Moreover, varying the H2O2 concentration between 600 and 3600 mg/L, COD removal percentages were between 85.9 and 89.0%. However, the BOD/COD ratio increased at increasing H2O2 dosage up to 3000 mg/L, from 0.12 at 600 mg/L to 0.29 at 3000 mg/L.
Statistical Physics and Information Theory

1: Introduction 2: Basic Background in Statistical Physics 3: Physical Interpretations of Information Measures 4: Analysis Tools and Asymptotic Methods 5: Interacting Particles and Phase Transitions 6: The Random Energy Model and Random Coding 7: Extensions of the REM 8: Summary and Outlook, References.
Embodied pollution in Spanish household consumption: a disaggregate analysis

In this paper we apply an environmentally extended input-output model to analyse a specific issue related to the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis. The purpose is to study whether the consumption structure ofwealthier households has a positive effect on the reduction of environmental pressures. Combining information from different databases, we analysed the impact of the consumption of Spanish households in 2000 on atmospheric pollution. We considered nine gases: the six greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6, HFCs, and PFCs) and three other gases (SO2, NOx, and NH3). We classified households by quintiles of per capita expenditure and equivalent expenditure. We found that there was a positive and very high relationship between the level of expenditure and direct and indirect emissions generated by household consumption; however, the emission intensities tended to decrease with the expenditure level for the various atmospheric pollutants, with the exception of SF6, HFCs and PFCs.
The compadre Plant Matrix Database: an open online repository for plant demography

Schedules of survival, growth and reproduction are key life‐history traits. Data on how these traits vary among species and populations are fundamental to our understanding of the ecological conditions that have shaped plant evolution. Because these demographic schedules determine population growth or decline, such data help us understand how different biomes shape plant ecology, how plant populations and communities respond to global change and how to develop successful management tools for endangered or invasive species. Matrix population models summarize the life cycle components of survival, growth and reproduction, while explicitly acknowledging heterogeneity among classes of individuals in the population. Matrix models have comparable structures, and their emergent measures of population dynamics, such as population growth rate or mean life expectancy, have direct biological interpretations, facilitating comparisons among populations and species. Thousands of plant matrix population models have been parameterized from empirical data, but they are largely dispersed through peer‐reviewed and grey literature, and thus remain inaccessible for synthetic analysis. Here, we introduce the compadre Plant Matrix Database version 3.0, an open‐source online repository containing 468 studies from 598 species world‐wide (672 species hits, when accounting for species studied in more than one source), with a total of 5621 matrices. compadre also contains relevant ancillary information (e.g. ecoregion, growth form, taxonomy, phylogeny) that facilitates interpretation of the numerous demographic metrics that can be derived from the matrices. Synthesis. Large collections of data allow broad questions to be addressed at the global scale, for example, in genetics (genbank), functional plant ecology (try, bien, d3) and grassland community ecology (nutnet). Here, we present compadre, a similarly data‐rich and ecologically relevant resource for plant demography. Open access to this information, its frequent updates and its integration with other online resources will allow researchers to address timely and important ecological and evolutionary questions.
CONSTRUCTIONS OF DEATH AND LOSS: EVOLUTION OF A RESEARCH PROGRAM

As historians of science have noted, scientific careers are characterized by "networks of enterprise", multiple, sustained, and mutually reinforcing programs of research that yield not only answers but also further questions across a period of many years. This article traces one such long and multifaceted network of projects, one concerned with death attitudes, suicide intervention, and grief and loss, which has benefited from periodic infusions of constructivist concepts and methods since its inception.
Effect of nabumetone (BRL 14777), a new anti‐inflammatory drug, on human platelet reactivity ex vivo: comparison with naproxen

The effect of nabumetone (BRL 14777) on human platelet reactivity ex vivo was compared with that of naproxen at equitherapeutic doses in the same six subjects. Nabumetone had only a weak and equivocal effect on collagen‐induced and second phase aggregation in response to adenosine diphosphate and adrenaline. After nabumetone, platelets fully aggregated in response to sodium arachidonate, though approximately twice as much was needed as on control occasions. Sodium arachidonate was unable to elicit a full aggregation response after naproxen. These results suggest that nabumetone may cause less interference with haemostasis than other non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs.