Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Students' Opinions on the Use of Computer Rooms for Teaching Anatomy

El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer la opinion de los alumnos sobre la utilizacion de salas de informatica para la ensenanza de la Anatomia. Para ello, fue utilizado un cuestionario con preguntas objetivas, que fue presentado a los alumnos del curso de Odontologia, al final de la disciplina de Anatomia, resultando 76 cuestionarios validos. Estos alumnos tuvieron, en la disciplina, acceso a una sala equipada con computadores con programas de Anatomia, previamente instalados (sala de informatica). El analisis de los cuestionarios mostro que, para la mayoria de los alumnos participantes, el uso de la sala de informatica facilita mucho el estudio de la Anatomia, aumenta ostensiblemente el logro de los objetivos de la clase y es muy util para el estudio de la Anatomia. Sin embargo, la mayoria de los alumnos relato no preferir estudiar utilizando esta herramienta de ensenanza y considero que la sala de informatica no puede sustituir las piezas cadavericas. El presente estudio concluyo que los alumnos investigados consideran la utilizacion de salas de informatica como un elemento que mejora la ensenanza de la Anatomia, sin embargo, no sustituyen a las piezas cadavericas
A system dynamics model of the fire department EMS in Taiwan

Allocation of pre-hospital EMS (Emergency Medical Service) resources and effectiveness of emergency medical training are critical to patients. The demands for EMS are expected to increase in the future. By analysing the relationship between emergency response and the survival rates, the effectiveness of EMS resources and competence of personnel were evaluated. In other words, the current EMS resources will be insufficient, and the ratio of busy ambulances will increase. Patients may need to wait for an ambulance. In this paper, indicates that three more ambulances should be added and the priorities of resources to be allocated to suffice future demands are simulated. Through arrangement of extra hours of training, ROSC of patients within the system can be enhanced. Besides, by accelerating the travel speed of ambulances and shortening the average response time to 6.5 minutes, survival rate of patients could be increased and allow the EMS teams to take another 2.6 cases.
The Challenges of Epilepsy in Children

Summary: Among the most distinct and challenging characteristics of childhood epilepsy are the high incidence, the risk of cognitive function deterioration, the age relationship of various types of epilepsy, and the existence of particular clinical and EEG patterns that characterize epilepsy syndromes. With regard to antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment, one must take into account age‐dependent pharmacokinetics, response to treatment according to the type of epilepsy, and ethical constraints in the development of controlled trials that often prevent the early introduction of new AEDs to the pediatric market.
A Resilience-Based Model of Reunification and Reentry: Implications for Out-of-Home Care Services

This study presents a resilience-based model for the successful reunification of children in out-of-home care services. Individual, familial, and environmental risk and protective factors associated with reunification and reentry into out-of-home care were gleaned from relevant literature and inform the construction of the model. The resilience-based model demonstrates that high levels of protective factors can buffer or even weaken the hold of risk factors, thereby reducing the likelihood of reentry. The importance of resilience-informed interventions in preventing reentry and promoting the continued reunification of children is highlighted. The implications of this resilience-based model for practice and research are discussed.
Protein Kinase Inhibitors in Rheumatology

Protein kinases have multiple roles in cell biology, many of which are deeply involved in inflammation and immunity. There are currently many treatment options for patients with autoimmune disease, but none that is completely effective. Protein kinase inhibitors are becoming one of the most promising therapeutic groups, not only for the treatment of disease, but for further developing our understanding of different pathologies. The purpose of this paper is to give an introduction to both protein kinases and their inhibitors, with their implications in the management of autoimmune diseases.
Clinical manifestations of Onchocerciasis and some aspects of its control in Achi, Oji River Local Government Area, Enugu State, Nigeria

The clinical manifestations of Onchocerciasis are studied to highlight both the prevalence and the nature of morbidity of the disease in Achi, Oji River Local Government Area, Enugu State, Nigeria, and to comment on the control measures currently going on in the area. The main purpose is to contribute effectively to the incumbent work covered in the whole of Nigeria on Onchocerciasis with the view of discussing the medical and socio-economic importance of the disease and its vector in human populations, in the endemic areas. Parasitological examination by skin-snipping the local populace was carried out form ward to ward to establish the disease by the presence of microfilariae of O.volvulus . Also used to establish the disease was the palpating for nodules and the presence of other clinical manifestations. Ocular examination was carried out to determine ocular Onchocerciasis by impairment of visions, partial and total blindness. Visual acuity testing was carried out by employment of Snellen's Chart. Out of 10,000 subjects clinically examined, the result of 3,000 subjects were analysed as following: a total of 2,040 (68%) had onchocerciasis (clinically), 1,530 (75%) were adults, 510 (25%) were children. Of these 504 (24.7%) had onchodermatitis, 230 (45.7%) of whom were males and 274 (54.3%) were females; 167 (33.2%) were children and 337 (66.8%) were adults. Also 904 (44.3%) subjects had nodules, 367 (18%) had lizard skin, 408 (20%) had tigroid/leopard skin 8 (0.4%) had lymphadenopathies, 265 (62.3%) patients out of 426 for ocular examination had ocular lesions, while 5 (1.1%) were blind. The above results show Achi as hyperendemic. The clinical manifestations contribute immensely to the medical status, psyco-economic importance of the disease such as: marriage stigma, lower social and economic status, psycho-socio behavioural influence, confinement and immobilization of the patient, unproductive and incapacitated life and uncontrollable itching embarrassment. The productivity is lowered also by the biting menace of the vectors. The patient suffers loss in working days, the quality of life is reduced; in females, pregnancies could be affected and could be fatal. The above encounters are common in most endemic areas. Nigerian Journal of Parasitology Vol. 25, 2004: 101-106
Antidiabetic effects of Embelia ribes extract in high fat diet and low dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats

Embelia ribes is extensively used in the traditional Indian system of medicine for treatment of various disorders. We herein investigated the antidiabetic effects of E. ribes ethanolic extract in high fat diet (HFD) and low dose streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes in Wistar rats. HFD-fed and low dose STZ (35 mg kg−1, i.p)-induced diabetic rats were treated with E. ribes extract (100 and 200 mg kg−1 day−1) or metformin (180 mg kg−1 day−1) for 21 days while continuing on HFD. Antihyperglycemic effects of E. ribes extract were demonstrated by significant reduction (p<0.01) in fasting blood glucose, hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase activity and increased glycogen content, whereas insulin sensitizing effects were seen during oral glucose tolerance testing. In addition, it significantly (p<0.01) restored the elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure, reduced hepatic fatty degeneration, oxidative changes and the reversal of circulating levels of serum lipids, lipase, insulin, leptin and adiponectin towards normal in diabetic rats. These findings demonstrated the antidiabetic potential of E. ribes extract in HFD-fed and low dose STZ-treated diabetic rats. This may be associated with strong antioxidant potential and restoration of the serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, insulin and lipids.
Midazolam as an induction agent in comparison with propofol as a safe and effective alternative

Introduction: Propofol produce rapid and smooth induction of anesthesia, with rapid metabolism, which would allow it to be used for the maintenance of anesthesia and free from the risk of anaphylactic reactions. Midazolam a new short acting water soluble Benzodiazepine with cardio vascular effects similar to that of diazepam may be an effective alternative for induction of anesthesia. Methods: In this randomized study, all together 48 patients undergoing various surgical procedures belonging to Orthopedic, General Surgery and Gynecological Surgeries constituted the study group. Group-I (Midazolam Group) received intra-venous Midazolam 0.15mg/Kg for induction of anesthesia and Group-II (Propofol Group) received 2mg/kg intravenous Propofol for Induction of Anesthesia. Induction time, Heart Rate, Non invasive blood Pressure is recorded at 1minute interval for 5 minutes and after that at an interval for 5 minutes for another 30 minutes. Demographic data was analyzed by Student’s t-test. Results: The study showed no statistical significance in hemodynamic responses with either Midazolam or Propofol as an induction agent for General Anesthesia but there was statistically difference with respect to heart rate (P=0.001). Conclusion: Midazolam was proven effective compared to Propofol as an induction Agent. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/joim.v34i1. 9119 Journal of Institute of Medicine, April, 2012; 34:1 25-32
Telephone care management's effectiveness in coordinating care for Medicaid beneficiaries in managed care: a randomized controlled study.

OBJECTIVE To test the effectiveness of a telephone care management intervention to increase the use of primary and preventive care, reduce hospital admissions, and reduce emergency department visits for Medicaid beneficiaries with disabilities in a managed care setting. DATA SOURCE Four years (2007-2011) of Medicaid claims data on blind and/or disabled beneficiaries, aged 20-64. STUDY DESIGN Randomized control trial with an intervention group (n = 3,540) that was enrolled in managed care with telephone care management and a control group (n = 1,524) who remained in fee-for-service system without care management services. Multi-disciplinary care coordination teams provided telephone services to the intervention group to address patients' medical and social needs. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION Medicaid claims and encounter data for all participants were obtained from the state and the managed care organization. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS There was no significant difference in use of primary care, specialist visits, hospital admissions, and emergency department between the intervention and the control group. Care managers experienced challenges in keeping members engaged in the intervention and maintaining contact by telephone. CONCLUSIONS The lack of success for Medicaid beneficiaries, along with other recent studies, suggests that more intensive and more targeted interventions may be more effective for the high-needs population.
Using the Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding Method (BISG) to create a working classification of race and ethnicity in a diverse managed care population: a validation study.

OBJECTIVE To validate classification of race/ethnicity based on the Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding method (BISG) and assess variations in validity by gender and age. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING Secondary data on members of Kaiser Permanente Georgia, an integrated managed care organization, through 2010. STUDY DESIGN For 191,494 members with self-reported race/ethnicity, probabilities for belonging to each of six race/ethnicity categories predicted from the BISG algorithm were used to assign individuals to a race/ethnicity category over a range of cutoffs greater than a probability of 0.50. Overall as well as gender- and age-stratified sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated and used to identify optimal cutoffs for race/ethnicity assignment. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The overall cutoffs for assignment that optimized sensitivity and specificity ranged from 0.50 to 0.57 for the four main racial/ethnic categories (White, Black, Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic). Corresponding sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV ranged from 64.4 to 81.4 percent, 80.8 to 99.7 percent, 75.0 to 91.6 percent, and 79.4 to 98.0 percent, respectively. Accuracy of assignment was better among males and individuals of 65 years or older. CONCLUSIONS BISG may be useful for classifying race/ethnicity of health plan members when needed for health care studies.
Massive expansion of maternal T cells in response to EBV infection in a patient with SCID-Xl.

To the editor: X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID-Xl) is caused by defects in IL2RG , the gene encoding the IL-2 receptor γ chain. Accounting for 50% to 60% of cases of SCID,[1][1] it SCID-XI is typically characterized by an absence of mature T and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes,
The burden of inappropriate emergency department pediatric visits: why Italy needs an urgent reform.

OBJECTIVE To better understand the issue of inappropriate pediatric Emergency Department (ED) visits in Italy, including the impact of the last National Health System reform. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective cohort study was conducted with five health care providers in the Veneto region (Italy) in a 2-year period (2010-2011). ED visits were considered "inappropriate" by evaluating both nursing triage and resource utilization, as addressed by the Italian Ministry of Health in 2007. Factors associated with inappropriate ED visits were identified. The cost of each visit was calculated. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In total, 134,358 ED visits with 455,650 performed procedures were recorded in the 2-year period; of these, 76,680 (57.1 percent) were considered inappropriate ED visits. Patients likely to make inappropriate ED visits were younger, female, visiting the ED during night or holiday, when the primary care provider (PCP) is not available. CONCLUSION The National Health System reform aims to improve efficiency, effectiveness, and costs by opening PCP offices 24 hours a day and 7 days a week. This study highlights the need for a deep reorganization of the Italian Primary Care System not only providing a larger time availability but also treating the parents' lack of education on children's health.
Factors influencing liver disease progression in chronic hepatitis B

Abstract: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious health issue in the Asia‐Pacific region, where most infections are acquired perinatally or during early childhood and may lead to the development of chronic sequelae such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Studies have identified several host factors (age, gender, immune status) and viral factors (HBV viral load, genotype, basal core promoter and other naturally occurring HBV mutations) associated with disease progression. Other factors, including lifestyle (habitual alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking), exposure to aflatoxin, and viral superinfection may also influence liver disease progression in patients with chronic HBV. This review highlights pertinent data on the factors associated with progressive HBV‐related liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis B. An enhanced understanding of factors associated with HBV disease progression may lead to improvements in the selection of candidates for intervention and overall disease management. Interventions such as lifestyle changes and antiviral therapy may thus prevent or reduce disease progression.
Disparities in perinatal quality outcomes for very low birth weight infants in neonatal intensive care.

OBJECTIVE To determine if hospital-level disparities in very low birth weight (VLBW) infant outcomes are explained by poorer hospital nursing characteristics. DATA SOURCES Nurse survey and VLBW infant registry data. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study of 8,252 VLBW infants in 98 Vermont Oxford Network hospital neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) nationally. NICUs were classified into three groups based on their percent of infants of black race. Two nurse-sensitive perinatal quality standards were studied: nosocomial infection and breast milk. DATA COLLECTION Primary nurse survey (N = 5,773, 77 percent response rate). PRINCIPAL FINDINGS VLBW infants born in high-black concentration hospitals had higher rates of infection and discharge without breast milk than VLBW infants born in low-black concentration hospitals. Nurse understaffing was higher and practice environments were worse in high-black as compared to low-black hospitals. NICU nursing features accounted for one-third to one-half of the hospital-level health disparities. CONCLUSIONS Poorer nursing characteristics contribute to disparities in VLBW infant outcomes in two nurse-sensitive perinatal quality standards. Improvements in nursing have potential to improve the quality of care for seven out of ten black VLBW infants who are born in high-black hospitals in this country.
Scene classification of high resolution remote sensing images using convolutional neural networks

Scene classification of high resolution remote sensing images plays an important role for a wide range of applications. While significant efforts have been made in developing various methods for scene classification, most of them are based on handcrafted or shallow learning-based features. In this paper, we investigate the use of deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for scene classification. To this end, we first adopt two simple and effective strategies to extract CNN features: (1) using pre-trained CNN models as universal feature extractors, and (2) domain-specifically fine-tuning pre-trained CNN models on our scene classification dataset. Then, scene classification is carried out by using simple classifiers such as linear support vector machine (SVM). In our work, three off-the-shelf CNN models including AlexNet [1], VGGNet [2], and GoogleNet [3] are investigated. Comprehensive evaluations on a publicly available 21 classes land use dataset and comparisons with several state-of-the-art approaches demonstrate that deep CNN features are effective for scene classification of high resolution remote sensing images.
An Examination of Fetal Learning Before and After Birth

A series of experiments is reported which examined the effects of prenatal learning in newborn infants and fetuses, in particular to see if the same measures can be used to assess learning before and after birth. Experiment 1 indicated that newborns who had been exposed to the theme tune of a popular TV programme during pregnancy exhibited changes in heartrate, number of movements and behavioural state 2–4 days after birth. These effects could be attributed to prenatal exposure alone and not to postnatal exposure or a genetic predisposition, and were specific to the tune learned. Evidence of learning had disappeared by 21 days of age. Experiment 2, using similar methodology, found fetuses exhibited changes in their movements when played a tune heard previously during pregnancy. As with Experiment 1 this was not the result of postnatal or genetic factors and was specific to the tune learned. Interestingly, fetuses increased their movements on hearing the tune whilst newboms decreased their movements. These.
Comparison of carcass and meat characteristics between male and female indigenous rabbit of Bangladesh

This experiment was conducted to determine and compare some characteristics of the meat and carcass of rabbit aged 6 months according to sex. In the experiment six male and six female nondescript rabbits were slaughtered. The weight and percentage of warm carcasses, skin with head and limbs, liver, kidney, heart, lung, forelegs, hind legs, breast and ribs, loin and abdominal wall were recorded. The values for carcass length, lumbar circumference, drip loss, cooking loss, sensory characteristics were also determined. The mean values for warm carcass weight and warm dressing percentage were 698.33g and 47.92% in male and 704.66g and 48.55% in female, respectively. In case meat quality cooking loss, drip loss, proximate and sensory analyses was conducted. In this study significance difference was found in head, skin and limb weight (93.34 g) as well as in percentage (6.46%) otherwise no significant differences were found between male and female rabbits in the characteristics of carcass and meat quality. Slaughter weight was significantly correlated with the weights of carcass, skin with head and limbs, lung, liver, kidney, heart and weight of joints and dressing percentage. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/bjas.v43i2. 20718 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (2): 154-158
Physical Activity, Gender Difference, and Depressive Symptoms.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the roles of physical activity (exercise) and sociodemographic factors in depressive symptoms among men and women in the United States. DATA SOURCE 2011 U.S. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). STUDY DESIGN Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-8) scores are aggregated and divided into five categories. An ordered switching probability model with binary endogenous physical activity is developed to accommodate ordinality of depression categories and ameliorate statistical biases due to endogeneity of physical activity. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Average treatment effects suggest physical activity ameliorates depressive symptoms among mildly and moderately depressed individuals, most notably among mildly depressed women. Gender differences exist in the roles of sociodemographic factors, with age, income, race, education, employment status, and recent mental health condition playing differentiated roles in affecting depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Regular physical activity reduces depressive symptoms among both men and women with mild to moderate depression, notably among women.
Racial and Gender Disparities in the Physician Assistant Profession.

OBJECTIVE To examine whether racial, gender, and ethnic salary disparities exist in the physician assistant (PA) profession and what factors, if any, are associated with the differentials. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING We use a nationally representative survey of 15,105 PAs from the American Academy of Physician Assistants (AAPA). STUDY DESIGN We use bivariate and multivariate statistics to analyze pay differentials from the 2009 AAPA survey. PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Women represent nearly two-thirds of the profession but receive approximately $18,000 less in primary compensation. The differential reduces to just over $9,500 when the analysis includes a variety of other variables. According to AAPA survey, minority PAs tend to make slightly higher salaries than White PAs nationally, although the differences are not statistically significant once the control variables are included in the analysis. CONCLUSIONS Despite the rough parity in primary salary, PAs of color are vastly underrepresented in the profession. The salaries of women lag in comparison to their male counterparts.
HIT-antibodies promote their own antigen.

Antiplatelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies have an important role in the most frequent drug-induced immune disorder, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). In this issue of Blood, Sachais and coworkers propose a new feature that may explain why only some anti-PF4 antibodies are pathogenic. (1) In addition to epitope specificity-determining affinity and a high titer, the ability of antibodies to promote formation of their own target antigens seems to be a key factor for pathogenicity.