Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of ionizing irradiation on normal lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes

Forty dogs were divided into five groups: (A) control, (B) 1000 rads, (C) 2400 rads, (D) 3000 rads and (E) 3600 rads. The medial aspect of one pelvic limb was irradiated through a port measuring 12 × 8 cm. Prior to irradiation and at intervals after, the pelvic limb lymphatics and popliteal lymph node were visualized by an indirect technique of lymphangiography. The afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels in the control and treated animals remained essentially unchanged except in four animals. These four animals, one in the 2400 rad group and three in the 3600 rad group, exhibited rupture of the afferent lymphatic vessels at the junction of irradiated and nonirradiated tissues several months after treatment. All treated animals showed a marked permanent decrease in size of lymph nodes several months after treatment. There was no evidence of lymphatic obstruction in any group. The authors conclude that ionizing irradiation appears to have little effect on lymphatic vessels. As reported previously, the lymph node undergoes fibrosis without obstruction.
Financial Profile of the Growth Engine for Corporations Headquartered in Chungcheong Province in the Republic of Korea

This study addresses one of the contemporary and controversial issues identifying financial elements that affect growth rates for firms with headquarters in Chungcheong province, which are located close to the central domestic capital markets of Seoul Metropolitan area. Primary hypotheses were postulated and tested to derive relevant financial determinants associated with the growth rates for the firms. Robust econometric estimations such as static panel data and probit regression models were used in the study. Two proxy variables representing a firm’s size and profitability, showed their statistically significant effects on the book-value based growth rate, while the ratio of market - to book - value of assets was the only explanatory variable affecting the market-value based dependent variable. The results are expected to be beneficial for the firms as well as for government entities. The results may help business organizations in Chungcheong province to identify and explore any potential opportunities so as to enhance growth and profitability.
Integrated RNA-seq Analysis and Meta-QTLs Mapping Provide Insights into Cold Stress Response in Rice Seedling Roots

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a widely cultivated food crop around the world, especially in Asia. However, rice seedlings often suffer from cold stress, which affects their growth and yield. Here, RNA-seq analysis and Meta-QTLs mapping were performed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying cold tolerance in the roots of 14-day-old seedlings of rice (RPY geng, cold-tolerant genotype). A total of 4779 of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 2457 up-regulated and 2322 down-regulated DEGs. The GO, COG, KEEG, and Mapman enrichment results of DEGs revealed that DEGs are mainly involved in carbohydrate transport and metabolism, signal transduction mechanisms (plant hormone signal transduction), biosynthesis, transport and catabolism of secondary metabolites (phenylpropanoid biosynthesis), defense mechanisms, and large enzyme families mechanisms. Notably, the AP2/ERF-ERF, NAC, WRKY, MYB, C2H2, and bHLH transcription factors participated in rice’s cold–stress response and tolerance. On the other hand, we mapped the identified DEGs to 44 published cold–stress-related genes and 41 cold-tolerant Meta-QTLs regions. Of them, 12 DEGs were the published cold–stress-related genes and 418 DEGs fell into the cold-tolerant Meta-QTLs regions. In this study, the identified DEGs and the putative molecular regulatory network can provide insights for understanding the mechanism of cold stress tolerance in rice. In addition, DEGs in KEGG term-enriched terms or cold-tolerant Meta-QTLs will help to secure key candidate genes for further functional studies on the molecular mechanism of cold stress response in rice.
Retinal circulatory abnormalities in type 1 diabetes.

PURPOSE To quantify retinal circulatory abnormalities in patients with type 1 diabetes; to 1 diabetes; to compare blood speed and blood flow in major temporal retinal arteries as well as total retinal arterial cross-section measured in patients to that measured in controls without diabetes; to determine which factors are related to the measured abnormalities within the patient group. METHODS The laser Doppler technique and monochromatic fundus photography were used to measure retinal circulatory parameters in 39 patients with type 1 diabetes with duration of diabetes between 7 and 20 years and 13 age-matched controls without diabetes. Blood pressure, intraocular pressure, and heart rate were measured in all subjects. Glycosylated hemoglobin was measured in the patients. Retinopathy was assessed using standardized color fundus photography and fluorescein angiography. RESULTS Total retinal arterial cross-section was, on average, 17% higher (P = 0.007) in the patients than in the controls, and it increased with increasing duration of diabetes (P = 0.006). Arterial blood speed was, on average, 33% lower (P = 0.0001) in the patients than in the controls, and it decreased with increasing duration of diabetes (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS The retinal circulation of patients with type 1 diabetes with no retinopathy or background retinopathy is characterized by dilated major arteries with reduced blood speeds. Dilation of the larger retinal arteries, with the accompanying decrease in vascular resistance to flow in those vessels, appears to counteract an increase in resistance to flow at the level of the smaller retinal vessels.
Determinants of capital structure: A case study in Thai steel industry.

This study examines the determinants of capital structure for Thai steel industry. The research selects growth opportunity, distance to bankruptcy, non-debt tax shield, and liquidity as research determinants and explores the relationship among determinants of leverage ratio. It also investigates which capital structure theory best explains the capital structure in the steel industry in Thailand. This study finds that growth opportunity and non-debt tax shield have positive relationships to leverage; whereas the distance to bankruptcy and liquidity of the firm have negative relationships to debt. The research's results suggest that steel firms should use unternal financing as priority before going for external financing which is relevant to Pecking order theory. Furthermore, when going for external financing, the optimal leverage ratio of 48% for Thai steel industry is appropriate and can be applied as a guideline for steel firms' managers in determining the capital structure for a firm. Therefore, the benefit of this study could assist managers in the steel industry in selecting the right mix of debt and equity for their firms.
Theory of Mind Is Independent of Episodic Memory

Theory of mind (ToM) to infer other people's current mental states and episodic memory of personal happenings have been assumed to be closely related. We report two participants with severely impaired episodic memory who perform indistinguishably from healthy controls on objective ToM tests. These results suggest that ToM can function independently of episodic memory.
An Exploratory Study of Substance Use and Misuse Among College Students With and Without ADHD and Other Disabilities

Objective: The present study investigated potential differences between college students with and without disabilities (including ADHD, Asperger’s syndrome, executive functioning disorder, and learning, mental health, vision, hearing, and physical/chronic disabilities) regarding self-reported substance use and misuse, perceived stress, and sensation seeking. Method: Students responded to a Stimulant Survey Questionnaire (SSQ), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Sensation-Seeking Scale (SSS), and items from the National College Health Assessment (NCHA). Results: The hypotheses were part supported as MANOVA results revealed that students with disabilities provided significantly lower ratings on the SSS and also reported lower alcohol and marijuana use. Students with ADHD were more likely to use or misuse prescription stimulant medication but were less likely to use alcohol than did students without ADHD. Conclusion: Students with disabilities compared to those without disabilities differed on levels of sensation seeking and alcohol and marijuana use.
[Alcohol drinking and cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract in women].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In Germany every year approximately 2000 women die from squamous cell cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx or larynx. Until recently, excessive alcohol consumption and excessive tobacco consumption were blamed as the predominant risk factors. The present study investigated whether alcohol is an independent risk factor even in case of a moderate consumption in increasing the risk of cancer of the mouth, pharynx and larynx in females. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a hospital based case control study the smoking and drinking patterns of 62 females with squamous cell cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx or larynx and of 248 randomly selected female control subjects were analysed. RESULTS A regular consumption of alcohol was reported by 59.7% of the cancer patients and by 18.1% of the control subjects. The alcoholic beverages preferred by the cancer patients were beer and spirits. While only 0.8% of the control subjects reported a daily consumption of more than 30 g alcohol, this was the case in 40.3% of the cancer patients. The alcohol-associated risk increasing was dose-dependent. Compared to a daily consumption of less than 10 g alcohol, a consumption of more than 30 g/day has a relative risk of 29 (P < 0.01; adjusted for tobacco) was estimated. CONCLUSION Even a moderate alcohol consumption (10-20 g/day) causes a significant increasing of head and neck cancer in women.
Human Capital Development and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria

The study examined the contribution of different measures of human capital development to economic growth in Nigeria. It used data from Nigeria and adopted the growth account model which specifies the growth of GDP as a function of labour and capital. The model also included a measure of policy reforms. Based on the estimated regression and a descriptive statistical analysis of trends of government commitment to human capital development, it was found that though little commitment had been accorded health compare to education, empirical analysis showed that both education and health components of human capital development are crucial to economic growth in Nigeria.
Characterization of a (2R,3R)-2,3-Butanediol Dehydrogenase as theSaccharomyces cerevisiae YAL060W Gene Product

The completion of theSaccharomyces cerevisiae genome project in 1996 showed that almost 60% of the potential open reading frames of the genome had no experimentally determined function. Using a conserved sequence motif present in the zinc-containing medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenases, we found several potential alcohol dehydrogenase genes with no defined function. One of these,YAL060W, was overexpressed using a multicopy inducible vector, and its protein product was purified to homogeneity. The enzyme was found to be a homodimer that, in the presence of NAD+, but not of NADP, could catalyze the stereospecific oxidation of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol (K m = 14 mm, k cat = 78,000 min− 1) and meso-butanediol (K m = 65 mm,k cat = 46,000 min− 1) to (3R)-acetoin and (3S)-acetoin, respectively. It was unable, however, to further oxidize these acetoins to diacetyl. In the presence of NADH, it could catalyze the stereospecific reduction of racemic acetoin ((3R/3S)- acetoin; K m = 4.5 mm, k cat = 98,000 min− 1) to (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol andmeso-butanediol, respectively. The substrate stereospecificity was determined by analysis of products by gas-liquid chromatography. The YAL060W gene product can therefore be classified as an NAD-dependent (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (BDH). S. cerevisiae could grow on 2,3-butanediol as the sole carbon and energy source. Under these conditions, a 3.5-fold increase in (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase activity was observed in the total cell extracts. The isoelectric focusing pattern of the induced enzyme coincided with that of the pure BDH (pI 6.9). The disruption of the YAL060W gene was not lethal for the yeast under laboratory conditions. The disrupted strain could also grow on 2,3-butanediol, although attaining a lesser cell density than the wild-type strain. Taking into consideration the substrate specificity of the YAL060W gene product, we propose the name of BDH for this gene. The corresponding enzyme is the first eukaryotic (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase characterized of the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
Driver adaptation to lane keeping assistance systems: Do drivers become less vigilant?

Driver adaptation to semi-autonomous vehicles is examined in this study using a longitudinal driving simulator study with 18 subjects randomly assigned to a control (n = 9) and treatment (n = 9) group. A Tactile Detection Response Task (TDRT) was used to measure cognitive workload while drivers engaged in visual-manual distracting tasks using an in-vehicle information system, with and without a lane-keeping assistance system (baseline, intervention, and withdrawal period). Measures of miss rate and reaction time to the TDRT stimuli suggest that drivers in both groups showed decreases in cognitive workload as they gained experience. Participants in the treatment group experienced higher cognitive workload when the lane keeping assistance system was withdrawn. On average, there were greater decreases in cognitive workload over time for the difficult tasks as compared to the easy tasks for both the control and treatment groups. The effect was more pronounced in the control group with larger decreases in cognitive workload. The NASA TLX was also comparable to the task accuracy. These results suggest that adaptations in driver behavior due to exposure to automation may have transfer effects on cognitive workload and thus may lead to safety implications.
Preschool Education in Malaysia: Emerging Trends and Implications for the Future

The aim of this study is to identify the history background of private and public preschools, the emerging trends and implications for the future. The establishment of preschool is to provide early child education program for children age 4 to 6 years old. The Malaysian government had listed the standard operating procedure for the preschool operators to comply with the regulations accordingly. Although government provide free charges or less fees compare with private preschool, the trends parents registering their children to the private preschool are emerging. To arrive at these findings and the discussions in this paper, reference was made to papers presented at various sources of journals and by documented policies from Curriculum Development Centre, Ministry of Education Malaysia. The concepts of private and public preschools are viewed by many scholars as the same, in that the main objective of the establishment is an institution providing education services for the early stage of children. Hence, this research intends to conduct a study on the preschool in Malaysia, the emerging trends and the implication for the future. Trends of parents to register their children in the private preschool may identify the factors contributed towards the emerging of private preschool as an alternative or a requirement in our daily life. The implications for the future while investing in early childhood education will benefit individual children and society as a whole.
Factors Affecting Purchase Intention and Social Media Publicity of Green Products: The Mediating Role of Concern for Consequences

The emerging concern for the environment, particularly in consumer products, has grabbed the attention of both practitioners and academics equally. With the aid of new communication tools such as social media, the concern for the environment has been widely shared. The motivation behind consumer behaviour towards environmentally friendly green products is different compared to general non-green products. The present study explored the factors that determine the purchase intention of green products and publicity on social media. The mediating role of concern for consequences and the moderating role of economic factors was also analysed. A total of 347 consumers were sampled in the present study by means of systematic sampling from cosmetic stores. Structural equation modelling using SmartPLS 3 software was employed to analyse the data of the present study. Notably, the mediating role of concern for consequences and economic factor are supported. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Serotonin 5-HT1A Receptor-mediated Erk Activation Requires Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Receptor Endocytosis*

Many receptors that couple to heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins mediate rapid activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, Erk1 and Erk2. The Gi-coupled serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) 5-HT1A receptor, heterologously expressed in Chinese hamster ovary or human embryonic kidney 293 cells, mediated rapid activation of Erk1/2 via a mechanism dependent upon both Ras activation and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. This activation was attenuated by chelation of intracellular Ca2+ and Ca2+/calmodulin (CAM) inhibitors or the CAM sequestrant protein calspermin. The CAM-dependent step in the Erk1/2 activation cascade is downstream of Ras activation, because inhibitors of CAM antagonize Erk1/2 activation induced by constitutively activated mutants of Ras and c-Src but not by constitutively activated mutants of Raf and MEK (mitogen and extracellular signal-regulated kinase). Inhibitors of the classical CAM effectors myosin light chain kinase, CAM-dependent protein kinases II and IV, PP2B, and CAM-sensitive phosphodiesterase had no effect upon 5-HT1A receptor-mediated Erk1/2 activation. Because clathrin-mediated endocytosis was required for 5-HT1A receptor-mediated Erk1/2 activation, we postulated a role for CAM in receptor endocytosis. Inhibition of receptor endocytosis by use of sequestration-defective mutants of β-arrestin1 and dynamin attenuated 5-HT1Areceptor-stimulated Erk1/2 activation. Inhibition of CAM prevented agonist-dependent endocytosis of epitope-tagged 5-HT1A receptors. We conclude that CAM-dependent activation of Erk1/2 through the 5-HT1A receptor reflects its role in endocytosis of the receptor, which is a required step in the activation of MEK and subsequently Erk1/2.
PENGARUH PERENCANAAN PAJAK ( TAX PLANNING ) TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN ( FIRM VALUE ) PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR NON KEUANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI PERIODE 2013-2015

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh perencanaan pajak (tax planning) terhadap nilai perusahaan (firm value) pada perusahaan sektor non keuangan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan ukuran perusahaan, tangability of assets, leverage, firm age dan dividend sebagai variabel control. Nilai perusahaan dalam penelitian ini diukur dengan Tobin’s Q sebagai variabel dependen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan-perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2013 sampai dengan 2015. Hasil pengujian Begitu juga dengan variabel tangability of assets, leverage, firm age dan dividend tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan sedangkan variabel ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan.
Existence of Affine Pavings for Varieties of Partial Flags Associated to Nilpotent Elements

The flag variety of a complex reductive linear algebraic group G is by definition the quotient G/B by a Borel subgroup. It can be regarded as the set of Borel subalgebras of Lie(G). Given a nilpotent element e in Lie(G), one calls Springer fiber the subvariety formed by the Borel subalgebras which contain e. Springer fibers have in general a complicated structure (not irreducible, singular). Nevertheless, a theorem by C. De Concini, G. Lusztig, and C. Procesi asserts that, when G is classical, a Springer fiber can always be paved by finitely many subvarieties isomorphic to affine spaces. In this paper, we study varieties generalizing the Springer fibers to the context of partial flag varieties, that is, subvarieties of the quotient G/P by a parabolic subgroup (instead of a Borel subgroup). The main result of the paper is a generalization of De Concini, Lusztig, and Procesi's theorem to this context.
Studies in Cranial Suture Biology: Part II. Role of the Dura in Cranial Suture Fusion

&NA; The biology underlying normal and premature cranial suture fusion remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the dura mater in cranial suture fusion. In the Sprague Dawley rat model, the posterior frontal cranial suture fuses between 10 and 20 days of postnatal life. The effect of separating the posterior frontal cranial suture from its underlying dura mater with an intervening silastic sheet was studied. Sixty rat pups, age 8 days, were divided into four groups of 15. Group A served as unoperated controls. Group B, the experimental group, underwent craniotomy, dural elevation, and insertion of a silicone sheet between the posterior frontal cranial suture and the underlying dura. Two operative sham groups were included. Group C underwent craniotomy and dural deflection only. Group D underwent craniotomy alone without dural deflection. The rats were sacrificed at 15, 22, and 30 days of age. The results showed that the unoperated animals (group A) demonstrated normal initiation of suture fusion at 15 days and complete fusion by 22 days. Group B animals, with silicone sheet barriers placed, showed persistent patency of sutures at 22 days. Initiation of suture fusion was delayed until 30 days. Sham group C, animals with craniotomy and dural deflection, showed that initiation of fusion was delayed until 22 days with complete fusion by 30 days of age. Sham group D, craniotomy alone, had the same normal temporal sequence of suture fusion as the unoperated control group A. These data indicate that normal cranial suture fusion is delayed when the suture—dural interaction is interrupted by a surgically placed barrier or by simple dural deflection. Furthermore, interaction between the dura and the overlying suture appears to direct suture fusion. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 97: 693, 1996.)