Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Occurrence of Recruitment in Glaucoma Patients

THE gravity of the disease known among professionals and laymen as glaucoma, is best expressed by Magitot's phrase, "Glaucoma is the number one enemy of the ophthalmologist". Our intention is not to enter into the, as yet obscure, etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, but we would like to underline that glaucoma is not to be considered as a purely local disease of the eyes. Felix Lagrange has truly made his point in saying that "it is a diseased eye in a diseased body". This aphorism is proved correct not only by clinical fact but also by laboratory experiments, such as the abnormal electroencephalograms obtained by Hartmann (1955) and Duke Elder (1959). On the basis of the above mentioned concepts we decided to study the existence of disturbances in all the sensorial organs of glaucoma patients. Except in the case of the ear, such a study is fraught through with difficulties as to the unit to be employed in measuring the degree of their functional inadequacy. Considerable research has been carried out by several authors in this respect and it is because of this that we have decided to undertake this study concerning the occurrence of recruitment in glaucoma patients. We have been most intrigued by the fact that whereas disturbances of Corti's organ were observed in the majority of people suffering from glaucoma, those complaining of subjective symptoms in their hearing, were very few. The present study has been restricted to the organ of hearing since there is an anatomical similarity between the ear and the eye. Thus, both contain liquid (aqueous fluid-lymph) which, although differing in consistency, is secreted and drained at a rate which is in immediate relation to the functioning of the corresponding nerve. Hearing disturbances in those suffering from glaucoma, were reported by Ramboldi as early as 1889. Since then, a small number of authors, have taken particular interest in the problem, among whom a prominent position is occupied by Maglietta (1929), Cordero Porta and (1934), Tille and Leroux-Robert, Worms, etc. Ferraris de Gaspare and Maffei (1951) believe that Recruitment is an early warning sign of glaucoma, of the same diagnostic value as the provoked hypertension test. Henin (1957) finds the phenomenon of recruitment occurring in about 65 per cent, of simple chronic glaucoma cases and in 10 out of 11 cases of congestive glaucoma.
The Meaning Gap in Occupational Therapy: Finding Meaning in our Own Occupation

Background. Occupation is a core concept of our profession, yet little is understood about how therapists use occupation in clinical practice. Purpose. This study explores frontline clinicians' experience with occupation-based practice in a large academic health sciences centre. Methods. A qualitative constructivist study was conducted using thematic analysis, following in-depth interviews with 12 occupational therapists. Findings. Participants described the existence of two realities: Occupational therapy as they felt it should be practiced and as it actually is practiced. When the two were incongruent, participants experienced a meaning gap, which was expressed through four themes to reveal that a personal sense of occupation guides practice and transforms the meaning of the job. Implications. The exploration of personal occupational meaning through conscious self-reflection and co-creation of meaning with clients and their health care teams may serve to bridge the meaning gap.
Healthy ranges of serum alanine aminotransferase levels in Iranian blood donors.

AIM The healthy ranges for serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels are less well studied. The aim of this study was to define the upper limit of normal (ULN) for serum ALT levels, and to assess factors associated with serum ALT activity in apparently healthy blood donors. METHODS A total of 1,939 blood donors were included. ALT measurements were performed for all cases using the same laboratory method. Healthy ranges for ALT levels were computed from the population at the lowest risk for liver disease. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate associations between clinical factors and ALT levels. RESULTS Serum ALT activity was independently associated with body mass index (BMI) and male gender, but not associated with age. Association of ALT with BMI was more prominent in males than in females. Upper limit of normal for non-overweight women (BMI of less than 25) was 34 U/L, and for non-overweight men was 40 U/L. CONCLUSION Serum ALT is strongly associated with sex and BMI. The normal range of ALT should be defined for male and female separately.
Empirical Determinants of Saving in the Islamic Banks: Evidence from Indonesia المحددات التجريبية للادخار في البنوك الإسلامية: أدلة من إندونيسيا

This study attempts to determine the factors affecting saving in the Islamic banks in Indonesia. By employing the Vector Autoregressive and its associated Impulse Response Function analysis for all Islamic banks in Indonesia from March 2000 to August 2007, the study analyzes the importance of real rate of return on Islamic deposit, interest rate on conventional deposit, real income and number of Islamic bank branches in determining the level of savings in the Islamic banks. The results highlight the influential role of conventional interest rate in determining the level of saving in the Islamic banks. In particular, higher Islamic deposit is significantly correlated with higher rate of return and lower interest rate. Furthermore, the study finds the existence of displaced commercial risk between the Islamic and conventional banks, such that the Islamic banks’ depositors transfer their funds to the conventional banks when the rate of return provided by the Islamic banks is significantly lower than the interest rate of its counterpart. The findings of this study have important implications on the risk management practices in the Islamic banks in Indonesia. تحاول هذه الدراسة تحديد العوامل التي تؤثر على الادخار في البنوك الإسلامية في إندونيسيا، عن طريق استخدام القوة الموجهة الارتدادية تلقائيا وما يرتبط بها من وظيفة تحليل استجابة قوة الدفع لجميع البنوك الإسلامية في الفترة من مارس 2000 إلى أغسطس 2007م، وتحلل الدراسة أهمية معدل العائد الحقيقي على الودائع الإسلامية، وسعر الفائدة على الودائع التقليدية، والدخل الحقيقي، وعدد من فروع البنوك الإسلامية في تحديد مستوى المدخرات في البنوك الإسلامية. والنتائج التي توصل إليها البحث تسلط الضوء على دور سعر الفائدة في تحديد مستوى الادخار في المصارف الإسلامية، وعلى وجه الخصوص فإن ارتفاع الودائع الإسلامية يرتبط بشكل كبير بارتفاع معدل العائد وانخفاض سعر الفائدة. وعلاوة على ذلك، وجدت الدراسة أن مخاطر الانتقال التجارية بين المصارف الإسلامية والتقليدية، ومنها تحويل المودعين في البنوك الإسلامية الأموال إلى المصارف التقليدية عندما يكون معدل العائد التي تقدمها المصارف الإسلامية أقل بكثير من سعر فائدة نظيرتها. نتائج هذه الدراسة مهمة على ممارسات إدارة المخاطر في المصارف الإسلامية في إندونيسيا.
Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Comfort—Results of a Pilot Study in Elderly Care Centers in Portugal

The age of the European population is rising and percentage of adults aged 65 years and older is projected to increase from 16% in 2000 to 20% in 2020. It has been estimated that older subjects spend approximately 19 to 20 h/d indoors. Older individuals may be particularly at risk for detrimental effects from pollutants, even at low concentrations, due to reduced immunological defenses and multiple underlying chronic diseases. Six Porto, Portugal, urban area elderly care centers (ECC), housing a total of 425 older persons, were studied to assess indoor air quality (IAQ) and thermal comfort (TC) in two seasons. This study presents the IAQ and TC results in 36 rooms and constitutes part of a wider and ongoing study. The study areas were all naturally ventilated, and indoor concentrations in winter were within Portuguese reference values. However, 42% of the participants were dissatisfied with indoor thermal conditions, rating it “slightly cool. ” In summer, the index rate of dissatisfied individuals was lower (8%). Significant differences were found between seasons in predicted percent of dissatisfied people (PPD) and predicted mean vote (PMV) indices. Fungal concentrations frequently exceeded reference levels (>500 colony-forming units [CFU]/m3). In addition, other pollutants occasionally exceeded reference levels. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Portugal to assess effects of indoor air contaminants on the health status and quality of life in older subjects living in ECC. Although IAQ and TC parameters were mostly within reference values, the results suggest a need to improve the balance between IAQ and TC in ECC, a critical environment housing a susceptible population.
Hematological response to short-term oral cyanocobalamin therapy for the treatment of cobalamin deficiencies in elderly patients.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this trial was to demonstrate the efficacy of one month of oral cobalamin (vitamin B12) therapy in elderly patients with cobalamin deficiency related to food-cobalamin malabsorption (FCM). PATIENTS AND METHOD Twenty elderly patients (mean age: 78+/-17 years) with established cobalamin deficiency related to FCM were included in an open-label, non-randomized, non-placebo trial. They were treated with a maximum of 1,000 microgram per day of oral crystalline cyanocobalamin for at least 1 month. Serum cobalamin levels (primary endpoint), blood count abnormalities and reticulocytes count (secondary endpoints) were determined at baseline and during the first month of treatment. RESULTS 85% of the patients normalized their serum cobalamin levels with a mean increase of+167 pg/ml (p<0.001 compared with baseline). 100% of the patients corrected their initial macrocytosis and 25% their anemia; 100% of the patients had medullar regeneration with a mean increase of reticulocytes count of 32+/-11.3 x 106/l (p=0.03 compared with baseline). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the view that one month of oral crystalline cyanocobalamin is effective to correct serum vitamin B12 levels and to obtain hematological responses in elderly patients with cobalamin deficiency related to FCM.
Dietary fat and appetite control in obese subjects: weak effects on satiation and satiety.

The present study assessed the capacity of both high fat and high carbohydrate (CHO) foods to lead to overconsumption in 12 obese women (mean BMI = 42 kg/m2). Subjects were provided with either a low (527 kcal) or high (985 kcal) energy meal at midday. Energy intake was then measured in a later ad libitum dinner meal in which subjects ate from a range of either high fat or high CHO foods. Energy intake following exposure to these meals was then assessed using food intake diary records which were kept for the rest of the day and for the following 24 h. The energy manipulations at lunch gave rise to different levels in the rated intensity of hunger. At the dinner meal subjects consumed an average of 937 kcal following the high energy lunch and 1026 kcal following the low energy lunch (an increase of 10%). However, average intake from the high CHO dinner meal was only 677 kcal compared to 1336 kcal from the high fat dinner meal (an increase of 97%). Consequently the most important variable influencing dinner meal size was not level of hunger but the nutrient content of the range of foods consumed. Analysis of dinner meal intake revealed a significant interaction between lunch meal size and dinner meal type. This means that when hunger level was high subjects over-ate on the high fat but not the high CHO foods. Average post-dinner intakes following the high fat and high CHO meals did not differ significantly. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Hungarian University Students in Budapest

Background/aims: The lack of data regarding cardiovascular risk factors among university students in Hungary prompted us to undertake a cross-sectional pilot study in students at Semmelweis University, Budapest. Methods: A total of 264 students (78 males, mean age 21.4 ± 2.6 years, and 186 females, mean age 21.2 ± 2.6 years) participated in the study. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure and serum lipid parameters were investigated. The relationship between body mass index and cardiovascular disease risk factors were analyzed. Results: The occurrence of overweight and abdominal obesity was significantly higher in the male group. The mean serum lipid values were within the acceptable range for both genders; however, in a significantly greater number of male than female students the HDL-cholesterol concentration (<1 mmol/l) was in the low range. High lipoprotein(a) values were seen in 33% of the male and 22.6% of the female students. In both groups of students the body mass index exhibited a positive correlation with waist circumference, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B (p < 0.01), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In the female students there was an inverse correlation between body mass index and HDL-cholesterol concentrations. Conclusions: The anthropometric and lipid parameters of the student population studied were more favorable than those for an age-matched Hungarian youth population. Nevertheless, the higher occurrence of elevated blood pressure, overweight, abdominal obesity, lower HDL-cholesterol in the male group should be regarded as a warning sign, all the more since their diet was imbalanced and their knowledge in this field was incomplete. The results of our preliminary study point out the importance of teaching nutrition more efficiently, not only during university training but also at an earlier age.
Mimicking Attractive Opposite-Sex Others: The Role of Romantic Relationship Status

Based on the recent literature indicating that nonconscious behavioral mimicry is partly goal directed, three studies examined, and supported, the hypothesis that people who are involved in a romantic relationship nonconsciously mimic an attractive opposite-sex other to a lesser extent than people not involved in a relationship. Moreover, Studies 2 and 3 revealed that romantically involved persons tended to mimic an attractive alternative less to the extent that they were more close to their current partner. Finally, Study 3 provided preliminary support for a potential underlying mechanism, revealing that the effect of relationship status on level of mimicry displayed toward an opposite-sex other is mediated by perceived attractiveness of the opposite-sex other. The present findings suggest that behavioral mimicry serves an implicit self-regulatory function in relationship maintenance. Implications for both the literature on relationship maintenance and the literature on behavioral mimicry are discussed.
New insight on bismuth cuprates with incommensurate modulated structures.

The incommensurate modulated crystal structure of Bi2.27Sr1. 73CuO6 + δ (2201) phase [a = 5.3874 (5), b = 5.3869 (4), c = 24.579 (3) Å; β = 90.01 (1)°, q = 0.2105 (3)a(*) + 0.538 (4)c(*), Z = 4, the (3 + 1)-dimensional monoclinic A2/a(α0γ) group] has been refined with R = 0.041, wR = 0.052 from X-ray single-crystal data including up to third-order satellite reflections. The same structure has also been considered as incommensurate composite with a2 = 2.437, b2 = 5.387, c2 = 24.614, β2 = 93.06, q2 = 0.4524a2(*)-0.243c2(*) and the (3 + 1)-dimensional A2/m(α0γ)0s group for the second component. Both approaches give quite similar results. The structure possesses oxygen disorder in the oxygen-rich region of the BiO layer. An extra O atom is determined in the bridging position shifted ∼ 0.6 Å from BiO towards the SrO layer. Its presence is the cause of the tremendous increase of the bismuth U(11) atomic displacement parameter in ∼ 20% of the unit cells (t = -0.05-0.15). Vacancies are determined in the oxygen site of the SrO layer, which may result in the oxygen content variation with annealing at different oxygen pressures. The total refined oxygen content 6.18 (1) corresponds to the results of chemical analysis.
Three-dimensional momentum density of magnetic electrons in ferromagnetic iron.

Experimental and theoretical three-dimensional momentum densities of magnetic electrons in ferromagnetic iron are reported for the first time and are found to be in good qualitative agreement. The experimental momentum density is reconstructed from fourteen one-dimensional magnetic Compton profiles, and the theoretical one is calculated by the full-potential linearized augmented-plane-wave method. The experimental indicates that the theory slightly underestimates the negative spin polarization of the s,p-like electrons in the first Brillouin zone and slightly overestimates umklapp processes.
Structure and Stability of the Insulin Dimer Investigated by Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Abstract Molecular dynamics simulation indicates that the dynamical behaviour of the insulin dimer is asymmetric. Atomic level knowledge of the interaction modes and protein conformation in the solvation state identifies dynamical structures, held by hydrogen bonds that stabilize, mainly in one monomer, the interaction between the chains. Dynamic cross-correlation analysis shows that the two insulin monomers behave asymmetrically and are almost independent. Solvation energy, calculated to evaluate the contribute of each interface residue to the dimer association pattern, well compares with the experimental association state found in protein mutants indicating that this parameter is an important factor to explain the association properties of mutated insulin dimers.
Spontaneous and differentiation-dependent regulation of measles virus gene expression in human glial cells

The expression of measles virus (MV) in six different permanent human glioma cell lines (D-54, U-251, U-138, U-105, U-373, and D-32) was analyzed. Although all cell lines were permissive for productive replication of all MV strains tested, U-251, D-54, and D-32 cells spontaneously revealed restrictions of MV transcription similar to those observed for primary rat astroglial cells and brain tissue. In vitro differentiation of D-54 and U-251 cells by substances affecting the intracellular cyclic AMP level caused a significant reduction of the expression of the viral proteins after 18, 72, and 144 h of infection. This pronounced restriction was not paralleled to a comparable level by an inhibition of the synthesis and biological activity in vitro of virus-specific mRNAs as shown by quantitative Northern (RNA) blot analyses and in vitro translation. The block in viral protein synthesis could not be attributed to the induction of type I interferon by any of the substances tested. Our findings indicate that down-regulation of MV gene expression in human brain cells can occur by a cell type-dependent regulation of the viral mRNA transcription and a differentiation-dependent regulation of translation, both of which may be crucial for the establishment of persistent MV infections in the central nervous system.
Evidence for the Involvement of the Rat Prefrontal Cortex in Sustained Attention

Previous studies suggest that, in both humans and rats, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in both selective and divided attention. We have also shown that the PFC is involved in response selection and that its involvement is modulated by the cognitive effort required by the task. However, the role of the PFC is much less clear when no response selection is required. The purpose of the present experiments was to assess the role of the PFC in attentional functions with a low response-selection demand. We used two tasks in which information processing was effortful but where the demand on a response selection process is low. Moreover, we assessed two different types of visual attentional functions: selective attention (Experiment 1) and sustained attention (Experiment 2). The results showed a differential involvement of the PFC in the two tasks. Selective attention was not impaired by prefrontal lesions when the number of possible positions for the stimulus on which the subjects must focus was restricted to two (Experiment 1). In contrast, prefrontal rats were unable to sustain their attention long enough to detect, and react to, subtle variations in brightness (Experiment 2). This result suggests a dissociation between different types of attentional functions depending upon the integrity of the PFC. More specifically, results in Experiment 2 suggest an involvement of the PFC in sustained attention. Finally, the overall results show that even in tasks involving low demands on response selection the PFC is involved in attentional functions.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Do personality traits affect productivity?

While survey data supports a strong relationship between personality and labor market outcomes, the exact mechanisms behind this association remain unexplored. In this paper, we take advantage of a controlled laboratory set-up to explore whether this relationship operates through productivity. Using a real-e ↵ ort task, we analyse the impact of the Big Five personality traits on performance. We ﬁnd that more neurotic subjects perform worse, and that more conscientious individuals perform better. These ﬁndings are in line with previous survey studies and suggest that at least part of the e ↵ ect of personality on labor market outcomes operates through individual productivity. In addition, we ﬁnd evidence that gender and university major a ↵ ect the impact of the Big Five personality traits on performance. abstract from other confounding factors. However, measures of cognitive ability often correlate with non-cognitive skills. We next argue that our results are unlikely to capture the same underlying mechanisms driving the aforementioned correlations.
Brazilian version of the Care Transitions Measure: translation and validation

AIM To translate, adapt and evaluate psychometric properties of the complete (15 items) and reduced (three items) versions of the Care Transitions Measure into Brazilian Portuguese. INTRODUCTION The Care Transitions Measure assesses the quality of care transitions, from the perspective of patients. As accomplishing effective transitions is a challenge to healthcare systems, the instrument provides an opportunity to assess care transitions and improve quality initiatives. METHODS A three-phased design was used for cross-cultural adaptation, pre-testing and evaluation of psychometric properties of the measurement in a Brazilian hospital. After forward translation, back translation and expert committee review, patients evaluated the instrument in a pre-test. Psychometric testing included face and content validity, reliability, stability and factorial analysis. RESULTS Cross-cultural adaptation was completed successfully with a high clarity rate. Internal consistency was good in the 15-item version and was moderate in the three-item version. Test-retest reliability showed good stability of the two versions over time. The three-item version had satisfactory criterion validity. Four factors were extracted for the 15-item measure. LIMITATIONS Samples were restricted to a group of patients from one hospital in southern Brazil. Future studies should test the measurement's construct and predictive validity. CONCLUSIONS The translated version of the Care Transitions Measure has good face and content validity, reliability and stability. It has shown to be a valid measurement for evaluating the quality of care transitions in Brazil. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY Results are beneficial for nurses, managers and policy makers for evaluating care transitions and support the need for changes in policies and practices.
Phase separation model with conserved order parameter on the Bethe lattice.

We obtain an exact time dependent solution of the zero temperature Kawasaki-type dynamics of a phase separation model on the Bethe lattice with arbitrary coordination number. We also do a direct numerical simulation and show an excellent match between the analytical and numerical results. The nonergodic dynamics leads to a frozen final state whose structure depends crucially on the inititial conditions.