Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Exercise Performance with the Intake of Highly Branched Cyclic Dextrin in Athletes

Department of Athletic Sport, Biwako Seikei Sport College, 1204 Kitahira Ohtsu, 520-0503 Japan Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi Nara, 631-8505 Japan Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd, 4-6-5 Utashima Nishiyodogawaku Osaka, 555-8502 Japan University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8577 Japan (Present address: Institute of Aqua-life, Tsukuba, Japan)
Stereo cloud‐top heights and cloud fraction retrieval from ATSR‐2

An operational processing system is described for the automated retrieval of cloud‐top heights (CTHs) and amounts from the Gridded Brightness Temperature (GBT) 1 km product derived from the dual view of the Along Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR‐2) instrument onboard the ESA ERS‐2 satellite. A new stereo matching algorithm, called M4 is described together with the overall processing chain for retrieving cloud‐top heights and amounts. M4 is based on the successful stereo matchers, M2 and M3 which have been in operation with the NASA MISR sensor since March 2000 and which have also been applied to mapping cloud fraction in the polar region using ATSR‐2 (Cawkwell and Bamber 2002, Cawkwell et al. 2001). Results in companion papers (Naud et al., Denis et al. 2007) describe the accuracy achieved using this algorithm and detailed scene‐by‐scene results are available from http://cloudmap.org under results‐>UCL‐>ATSR‐2 Validation. We assess the impact of cloud‐top winds on the accuracy of the retrieved cloud‐top heights and conclude that for most middle and lower tropospheric clouds, cloud‐top winds will have little, if any, noticeable impact. We show how ATSR‐2 cloud‐top heights at the different wavelengths (particularly visible compared with thermal IR) can sometimes yield information on multi‐layer clouds which is unique to ATSR‐2. The processing system has recently been applied to three years of ASTR‐2 GBT data and results are shown. These results are available from the British Atmospheric Data Centre (http://badc.nerc.ac.uk/data/list_all_datasets.html? source = data).
GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAPHITE OXIDE BY ORTHOGONAL EXPERIMENT

ABSTRACT Graphite oxide (GO) was prepared with graphite flakes, KMnO 4 , and a mixture of concentrated H 2 SO 4 /H 3 PO 4 by an improved green synthesis method. To obtain fully oxidized GO, a n orthogonal array design L 9 was applied to select the optimum preparing conditions. The effects of the quantity of graphite, the quantity of KMnO 4 , reaction time, and temperature on the degree of oxidization of GO were evaluated by the orthogonal array design (OAD). The results show that the factors arranged in important order as the follows: reaction time, reaction temperature, the quantity of KMnO 4 , the quantity of graphite. Graphite oxide obtained at the optimal parameters by the improved method was characterized by UV-Vis, FT-IR, Raman spectrum, and XRD techniques, and compared with GO produced by the modified Hummers’ method. The results indicate that the GO obtained by the improved green synthesis method has fewer defects in the basal plane and is more oxidized than the modified Hummers’ method.
Neighborhood Effects, Public Housing and Unemployment in France

This paper is aimed to examine how individual unemployment is influenced both by location in a deprived neighborhood and public housing. Our identification strategy is twofold. First, because we estimate a simultaneous probit model of public housing accommodation, type of neighborhood, and unemployment, the formal identification of the model relies on non-linearities. Second, we take advantage of the location of the public housing sector in France, which allows us to use public housing accommodation as a powerful determinant of neighborhood choices. Our results show that public housing does not have any direct effect on unemployment. However, living within the 35% more deprived neighborhoods does increase the unemployment probability significantly. As expected, the effect of neighborhood substantially decreases when dealing with the endogeneity of neighborhood and when using public housing as a determinant of neighborhood choice.
The Champions League and the Coase Theorem

This paper considers the relevance of the Coase Theorem to the analysis of sports leagues. It is widely believed that there exists an ideal competitive balance between teams in a sporting contest, and that without competitive restraints to redistribute resources championships will be too unbalanced. The paper reviews the empirical evidence on this issue to date, and then examines a model where the outcome may be either too little or too much competitive balance. Empirical evidence from English football suggests that the bias is likely to be in favour of too much competitive balance. The implications for European football in general and the Champions League in particular are then discussed.
Effect of Non-Genetic Factors on Standard Lactation Milk Performance Traits in Simmental Cows

Abstract The effect of systematic and continuous environmental factors on milk performance traits over standard lactations in 2805 Simmental cows was evaluated using the general linear model. The systematic factors included the effect of farm or breeding area, calving season, year of birth, season of birth, lactation group and their interactions. The continuous factor analysed was the effect of age at first conception. The effect of farm, lactation group and calving season on standard lactation milk performance was found to be highly significant (P<0.01), excepting the effect of calving season on milk fat percent in standard lactations which showed statistical significance (P<0.05). The interactions between year and season of birth, farm and calving season, and farm and lactation group had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on all performance traits studied. Age at first conception, as a continuous factor, had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on milk yield and milk fat percent, and a non-significant effect on milk fat yield. The model used to correct the performance traits over standard lactations for the effect of systematic factors was highly significant (P<0.01). The variance of the model accounted for 20.06 and 37.31% of the total variance of milk fat yield and milk fat percent, respectively. The resulting coefficients of determination (R2) ranged from 0.20 for milk fat yield to 0.37 for milk fat percent.
How to do things with(out) words? Analyzing the effects of vocal emotional expressions on cooperation behavior

The importance of prosodic variations in social interaction contexts has been highlighted but their effects on the regulation of specific behaviors are rarely addressed. One of the most widely researched prosodic distinctions in psychology is emotional prosody. In perceptual studies, the capacity for identifying emotions through prosodic variations has been widely addressed, but the relevance of this skill for social interaction has not been tested. However, based on theoretical accounts of emotion and empirical findings of the influence of facial emotional expressions in experiments that address their role in cooperation, it is possible to formulate predictions about the effects of emotional prosody in social interaction behavior. For this objective, in the present work, the effects of emotional prosody on cooperation were addressed, and its interaction with other behavioral intention cues (propositional content) was analyzed. Findings show that emotional prosody influences cooperation behavior but its joint effects with propositional content suggest that a complex inferential process may underlie the integration of contextual and behavioral intention cues to guide behavior. The significance of results and potential for extending future research are discussed.
In situ Raman spectroscopy of MgSiO3 enstatite up to 1550 K

Abstract Significantly reduced detection of thermal radiation in gated spectroscopy allowed us to measure the Raman scattering of natural enstatite up to 1550 K at 1 bar. The intrinsic anharmonicity, ai = [(∂lnνi)/(∂T)]V, of the Raman-active modes in orthoenstatite (OEn) was obtained from temperature (T) shifts of vibrational frequencies measured in this study combined with previous high-pressure (P) Raman scattering data. Although the ai values of the lattice modes of OEn are similar to those for forsterite (Fo), the Si-O stretching modes have significantly lower intrinsic anharmonicity in OEn than in Fo, suggesting that the connectivity of the SiO4 tetrahedra plays an important role in mode anharmonicity. At the phase transition at 1500 K, a doublet related to the stretching vibration of bridging O atoms in the SiO3 chains becomes a singlet, and a doublet related to the stretching vibration of non-bridging O atoms remains as a doublet, consistent with the expected spectral change for a phase transition from OEn to protoenstatite. Two intense, low-frequency modes of OEn show a strong nonlinear decrease in frequencies with heating that cannot be explained solely by thermal expansion. This may indicate the reorganization of the structure around Mg atoms and unkinking of the SiO3 chains at temperatures well below the phase transition
Knowledge of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and its Management: A Survey among Saudi People in Taif; Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background: Assessment of the public general knowledge on Middle East Respiratory Syndrome is crucial to the development of health policies for containment of the disease. Objectives: To measure the level of public knowledge on Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and to identify its predicators. Methods: A cross –sectional survey was conducted during June –October 2015, whereby adult (> 18 years old) Saudi people residing in Taif Area were recruited. Convenience method of sampling was adopted. Data was collected by a structured questionnaire. Face-to-face interview method was used to collect the data. Data was processed and analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 21). Logistic regression analysis was performed. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 377 participants was recruited (age range 1885 years). The majority was males and 65% were university graduates. Of all the interviewees 56 % believed that the disease transmission can occurs through infected camel and bats. The fact that the disease has no specific treatment was known by 53.8% and 42.7% of them denied any role for traditional medicines in the prevention or treatment of the disease. Participants had satisfactory knowledge about the disease and its management were 216 (57.3%). Significant predictors of satisfactory knowledge were age more than 40 years [OR= 0.4; 95% CI (0.2-0.7); P = 0.001], university education [OR= 1.6; 95% CI (1.0-2.6); P = 0.042] and being employed in the medical field [OR= 2.8; 95% CI (1.7-4.5); P < 0.001]. Conclusions: Despite the great effort done by the health authorities in the country to educate the people and to raise their awareness about the disease, there are gaps in public knowledge. Future planned educational interventions should focus on younger people and those with educational background below the university level.
Phenetic relationship between Lepisorus (J. SM.) Ching (Pteridophyta: Polypodiaceae) and its related genera

Multivariate analyses based on morphological and anatomical characters have been performed to investigate the phenetic relationship and to clarify the circumscriptions of the genus Lepisorus (J.Sm.) Ching and its related genera, namely Neocheiropteris Christ, Paragramma T. Moore and Platygyria Ching & S.K. Wu. The dendrogram of cluster analysis separated the plants into three groups at Gower similarity coefficient 0.75. Group 1 and Group 2 consisted of Neocheiropteris palmatopedata (Baker) H. Christ and four species of Platygyria , respectively. Group 3 was Neocheiropteris ensata Ching and two species of Paragramma deeply embedded in the Lepisorus s.s. Canonical discriminant analysis supported the classification inferred from the clustering results. Based on these results, Platygyria and N. palmatopedata should be recognized as distinct genera. On the other hand, N. ensata and the genus Paragramma should be merged to the genus Lepisorus . Keywords: Lepisorus ; Paragramma ; Platygyria ; Cluster analysis; Canonical discriminant analysis. DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v16i2. 3924 Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 16(2): 99-113, 2009 (December)
Rate constants for reaction of hydroxyl radicals with several drinking water contaminants

Rate constants for reactions of the hydroxyl radical with 25 potential organic drinking water contaminants, including solvents, haloalkanes, esters, aromatics, and pesticides (for example, aldicarb, atrazine, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, endrin, glyphosate, haloforms, lindane, picloram, etc.), have been measured in mater using relative rate methods. A variety of HO . -generating techniques mere used, including ozone decomposition, Fenton's reaction, and a convenient new method employing photo-Fenton's chemistry. In addition, rate constants for 19 other compounds mere estimated using structure-activity relationships
Copper Corrosion in Bentonite : Studying of Parameters ( pH , Eh / O 2 ) of Importance for Cu Corrosion

The report describes the development of methods and equipment for studying the parameters (pH, Eh/O2) of importance for copper corrosion. The work involved the fabrication of electrodes for determining Eh and pH in compacted water-saturated bentonite. MX-80 and the Indian Asha 505 bentonites were used in the study. The redox-measurements were carried out by using electrodes prepared of Au and Pt wires. The pH measurements were carried out by using solid IrOx electrodes. The report describes testing of electrodes in different solutions and in bentonite. A destructive method for determining oxygen content in compacted bentonite was tested, too. The electrodes were used in measurements inside compacted bentonite with about the same density as is intended to be used in the Finnish repository for spent nuclear fuel. The results indicate that Au and Pt redox-electrodes and IrOx pH electrodes function in compacted bentonite. The oxygen measurement in bentonite seems to work, too, and can complement the Eh measurements. Eh-values in originally aerobic bentonite samples having a dry densitiy of 1.5 g/cm, exhibit mostly a decrease during the first days, which may mainly be ascribed to the depletion of oxygen. The Eh-decrease thereafter is probably associated with redox-reactions involving other species than oxygen. In samples with a dry density of 1.8 g/cm, the observed Eh-decrease is mostly slower. No significant difference between the Eh and pH measurements in MX-80 and Asha 505 could be observed.
Smooth transition or permanent exit? Evidence on job prospects of displaced industrial workers

This article examines the job prospects of displaced industrial workers in Switzerland. Based on a survey of 1,203 workers who were dismissed after their manufacturing plants closed down, we analyse the determinants of re-employment, the sector of re-employment and the change in wages. Two years after displacement, a majority of workers were back in employment: 69% were re-employed, 17% un-employed and 11% retired. Amongst re-employed workers, two thirds found a job in manufacturing and one third in services. Contrary to a common belief, low-end services are not the collecting vessel of redundant industrial workers. Displaced workers aged 55 and older seem particularly vulnerable after a plant closes down: over 30% were long-term unemployed, and those older workers who found a new job suffered disproportionate wage losses. Advanced age-and not low education-appears as the primary handicap after mass redundancy.
Quantifying tectonic strain and magmatic accretion at a slow spreading ridge segment, Mid‐Atlantic Ridge, 29°N

High-resolution, deep-towed side-scan sonar data are used to characterize faulting and variations in tectonic strain along a segment of the slow spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 29°N. Sonar data allow us to identify individual fault scarps, to measure fault widths and spacing, and to calculate horizontal fault displacements (heave) and tectonic strain. We find that over long periods of time (>1 Myr on average), tectonic strain is ∼10% on average and does not vary significantly along axis. There is a marked asymmetry in tectonic strain that appears to be linked to asymmetric accretion along the whole segment, indicated by ∼50% lower tectonic strain on the east flank than on the west flank. These variations in tectonic strain do not correlate directly with changes in fault spacing and heave. Fault spacing and heave increase from the center of the segment toward the end (inside corner) on the west flank and from the outside to the inside corner across the axis. These parameters remain relatively constant along the segment on the east flank and across the axis at the segment center. Tectonic strain appears to be decoupled from magmatic accretion at timescales >1 Myr, as the decrease in magma supply from the segment center toward the end (inferred from variations in crustal thickness along the axis) is not correlated with a complementary increase in tectonic strain. Instead, tectonic strain remains relatively constant along the axis at ∼7% on the east flank and at ∼15% on the west flank. These results indicate that variations in fault development and geometry may reflect spatial differences in the rheology of the lithosphere and not changes in tectonic strain or magma supply along axis.
Cultural and Ethical Challenges in Cross-National Research: Reflections on a European Union Study on Child & Youth Migration

The increasing development of pan-national and supra-national institutions and ‘states’ such as the European Union implies that comparative cross-national research will become both a more frequent and fruitful research exercise. After all, there is the assumption that data will be consistent and easily available, thought policy contexts are increasingly shared and co-terminous. However, this may not always be the case. Reflecting on a European Union and Nuffield Foundation project, which considered the experience of migrant children and, conducted in Greece, Portugal, Sweden and the UK, the author highlights that, as with any study concerning childhood and youth, qualitative and quantitative methodologies remain ‘culture-bound’. Tracing examples from the developing sociology of childhood, this article suggests that in as much as we recognise the cultural specificity of childhood, so too must we acknowledge that research methodologies are a product of, and embedded within, particular national/cultural contexts. It concludes that, even at the fundamental level of analysing data, culture, ethics and research methodology are closely interconnected and cannot easily be separated into discrete universally understood categories.
KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF Variant Analysis and MicroRNA Expression Testing for Colorectal Cancer

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Study of magnetorheology and sensing capabilities of MR elastomers

This study focuses on the magnetorheology and sensing capability of graphite based Magnetorheological Elastomers (Gr MREs). By introducing graphite (Gr) to conventional MREs, the Gr MREs are derived. The anisotropic sample with 20% graphite weight fraction was selected to be compared with anisotropic conventional MREs. The microstructures of anisotropic Gr MREs and conventional MREs were observed. Both steady state tests and dynamic tests were conducted to study rheological properties of the samples. For dynamic tests, the effects of strain amplitude, and frequency on both storage modulus and loss modulus were measured. For sensing capability, the resistance of selected Gr MREs under different magnetic fields and external loadings is measured with a multi-meter. Either higher magnetic field or more external loading results in the resistance increment. Based on an ideal assumption of perfect chain structure, a mathematical model was proposed to investigate the relationship between the MRE resistance with the external loadings. In this model, the current flowing through the chain structure consists of both tunnel current and conductivity current, both of which depends on external loadings. The modelling parameters were identified and reconstructed from comparison with experimental results. The comparison indicates that both experimental results and modelling prediction agree favourably well.
Atmospheric Moisture Transports from Ocean to Land and Global Energy Flows in Reanalyses

AbstractAn assessment is made of the global energy and hydrological cycles from eight current atmospheric reanalyses and their depiction of changes over time. A brief evaluation of the water and energy cycles in the latest version of the NCAR climate model referred to as CCSM4 is also given. The focus is on the mean ocean, land, and global precipitation P; the corresponding evaporation E; their difference corresponding to the surface freshwater flux E–P; and the vertically integrated atmospheric moisture transports. Using the model-based P and E, the time- and area-average E–P for the oceans, P–E for land, and the moisture transport from ocean to land should all be identical but are not close in most reanalyses, and often differ significantly from observational estimates of the surface return flow based on net river discharge into the oceans. Their differences reveal outstanding issues with atmospheric models and their biases, which are manifested as analysis increments in the reanalyses. The NCAR CCSM4, .
‘ Heart-to-Feel ’ : A New Audio Description Coding Scheme for the Visually Impaired on Affective Cinematography and Emotive Vibration

The visually impaired increasingly demand more informative audio description (AD), but not an easy coding scheme for the describers and a lack of technological advances have limited this success. Our proof-of-design concept – affective cinematography and emotive vibration, is quick to complete the AD process and deliver the emotional information of the scene through the affective haptic device. A promising way to contribute to social TV viewing experience for the visually impaired is also discussed. Author
The Association between Mastication, Malocclusion, and Craniofacial Morphology

These days, the prevalence of malocclusion and craniofacial deformities seems significantly increased compared to industrial age [1]. Physical anthropologists attributed these changes in dental occlusion greatly to the transition of modern diet [2], and suggested mastication or chewing habits might have a long-term effect on dentofacial growth and development. This topic has attracted interests from both orthodontists and physiologists, and abundant studies were conducted to explore the association between mastication, malocclusion and craniofacial morphology.