Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Working Paper = = Linking Cross-Sectional and Aggregate Expected Returns Serhiy

We propose a one-state-variable ICAPM which rationalizes a large set of stock return anomalies, including size, value, and momentum. Differential covariance with news about future market discount rates drives observed cross-sectional patterns in expected returns. In response to discount-rate shocks, large, growth, and recent loser stocks outperform small, value, and winner stocks, respectively. Our interpretation is that increases in discount rates represent “bad” news, increasing investors’ marginal utility of wealth. Ignoring this state variable causes drastic underestimation of the equilibrium price of “level risk” in bond returns. The model augmented with a “level” factor jointly prices stocks and bonds. ∗We thank John Cochrane, Eugene Fama, Stefano Giglio, Valentin Haddad, Lars Peter Hansen, John Heaton, Bryan Kelly, Ralph Koijen, Stefan Nagel, Diogo Palhares, Jay Shanken, and seminar participants at Chicago, Emory, Maryland, Michigan, UIUC, Wisconsin for helpful comments and suggestions. †Ross School of Business, University of Michigan. Email: sekozak@umich.edu. ‡R.H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland. Email: shrihari@umd.edu.
Universal Aspects of Deconfinement: Interfaces, Flux Tubes and Self-Duality in 2+1 Dimensions

Institut fur Kernphysik, Technische Universitat Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, GermanyE-mail: nstrodt@crunch.ikp. physik.tu-darmstadt.deWe study center vortex free energies and ’t Hooft’s electric ﬂuxes on the lattice in 2+1 dimen-sions, where SU(2) for example, is in the universality class of the 2d Ising model. This placesa wealth of exact results at our ﬁngertips. In particular, spacelike center vortices in SU(2) nearcriticality correspond to spin interfaces in the 2d Ising model, whose universal scaling functionsare known exactly. We exploit this to locate the deconﬁnement transition with unprecedentedprecision and subsequently for a ﬁnite size scaling analysis, where the self-duality of the 2d spinmodel is reﬂected in a duality between the spacelike vortices and conﬁning electric ﬂuxes. Thecorresponding relation between the string tension and its dual in the high temperature phase isarguably the simplest example of a universal amplitude ratio. Around the transition, both can beefﬁciently extracted from the exact results with a global one-parameter ﬁt which allows straight-forward continuum extrapolation.The XXVIII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, Lattice2010June 14-19, 2010Villasimius, Sardinia, Italy
Title Parameterization of suboptimal solutions of the Nehari problemfor infinite-dimensional systems

The Nehari problem plays an important role in control theory. It is well known that control problem can be reduced to solving this problem. This note gives a parameterization of all suboptimal solutions of the Nehari problem for a class of infinite-dimensional systems. Many earlier solutions of this problem are seen to be special cases of this new parameterization. It is also shown that for finite impulse response systems this parameterization takes a particularly simple form.
Habitat Fragmentation and the Persistence of Lynx Populations in Washington State

Abstract Lynx (Lynx canadensis) occur in the northern counties of Washington state, USA; however, current distribution and status of lynx in Washington is poorly understood. During winters 2002–2004 we snow-tracked lynx for 155 km within a 211-km2 area in northern Washington, to develop a model of lynx–habitat relationships that we could use to assess their potential distribution and status in the state. We recorded movements and behaviors of lynx with a Global Positioning System and overlaid digitized lynx trails on various habitat layers using a Geographic Information System. Based on univariate analyses, lynx preferred Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) forests, with moderate canopy and understory cover, and elevations ranging from 1,525 m to 1,829 m but avoided Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests, openings, recent burns, open canopy and understory cover, and steep slopes. A map of suitable lynx habitat based on a logistic regression model built using these candidate variables revealed that habitats at elevations >1,400 m where lynx historically occurred in Washington are intersected and fragmented by landscape features and forest conditions that are generally avoided by lynx. Our habitat suitability map predicts 3,800 km2 of lynx habitat in Washington that could support 87 lynx, far fewer than previous estimates. Since 1985, natural fires have burned >1,000 km2 of forested habitat in Okanogan County, the only region in Washington where lynx occurrence has been documented during that period. Loss of suitable habitat from natural and human-caused disturbances, and the lack of verifiable evidence of lynx occurrence in historic lynx range, suggests that fragmented landscape conditions may have impeded recolonization of these areas by lynx. Consequently, translocations may be necessary to ensure lynx persistence in Washington. We suggest that managers assess the potential for translocation by first identifying the scale and distribution of potential foraging habitats for lynx based on our or similar habitat models, survey various habitat conditions to obtain reliable estimates of snowshoe hare densities, and identify a genetically compatible source population of lynx. If habitat and source populations are adequate, reintroducing lynx to areas of their historic range may be an appropriate conservation strategy.
Total variation and level set methods in image science

We review level set methods and the related techniques that are common in many PDE-based image models. Many of these techniques involve minimizing the total variation of the solution and admit regularizations on the curvature of its level sets. We examine the scope of these techniques in image science, in particular in image segmentation, interpolation, and decomposition, and introduce some relevant level set techniques that are useful for this class of applications. Many of the standard problems are formulated as variational models. We observe increasing synergistic progression of new tools and ideas between the inverse problem community and the ‘imagers’. We show that image science demands multi-disciplinary knowledge and flexible, but still robust methods. That is why the level set method and total variation methods have become thriving techniques in this field. Our goal is to survey recently developed techniques in various fields of research that are relevant to diverse objectives in image science. We begin by reviewing some typical PDE-based applications in image processing. In typical PDE methods, images are assumed to be continuous functions sampled on a grid. We will show that these methods all share a common feature, which is the emphasis on processing the level lines of the underlying image. The importance of level lines has been known for some time. See, e.g., Alvarez, Guichard, Morel and Lions (1993). This feature places our slightly general definition of the level set method for image science in context. In Section 2 we describe the building blocks of a typical level set method in the continuum setting. Each important task that we need to do is formulated as the solution to certain PDEs. Then, in Section 3, we briefly describe the finite difference methods developed to construct approximate solutions to these PDEs. Some approaches to interpolation into small subdomains of an image are reviewed in Section 4. In Section 5 we describe the Chan–Vese segmentation algorithm and two new fast implementation methods. Finally, in Section 6, we describe some new techniques developed in the level set community.
The source of Saturn's periodic radio emission

[1] This paper proposes a model of the link between the pulsing radio signals from Saturn (Saturn kilometric radiation), known to be most intense on the morningside, and the rotating magnetic (cam) field structure identified on low-latitude orbits. On the high-inclination orbits of the Cassini spacecraft in late 2006, large-scale azimuthal deviations of the magnetic field, corresponding to upward field-aligned currents, have been detected in the late morning sector. There is evidence that their intensity is modulated by the rotating cam magnetic field, the periodic field structure seen deeper inside the magnetosphere. It is proposed that the local intensification of field-aligned currents that gives rise to the modulation of the radio signal occurs in conjunction with the passage through the morning magnetosphere of the swept-forward sector of the perturbation field imposed beyond the shells that carry the cam currents. The morningside magnetosphere is unique as a region in which not only does the magnetopause compress rotating plasma inside the magnetosphere but also magnetic shear develops between the magnetic shells of the middle magnetosphere and an outer region of magnetic field swept back by the solar wind. The link between radio pulsing and magnetic rotation arises through the interaction of the cam currents with structures unique to this part of the magnetosphere.
Biomechanical differences associated with two different load carriage systems and their relationship to economy

Purpose. to explore relationships between load carriage economy and the kinematics and kinetics of load carriage using both a backpack (bP) and a double pack (DP). Basic procedures. Nine participants walked on a treadmill at gradients of between 27% downhill and 20% uphill, and over a force plate on level ground, at a speed of 3 km.h-1. Expired air was collected throughout the treadmill experiment and all experiments were filmed for subsequent biomechanical analysis. The relative economy of load carriage was expressed in terms of the Extra Load Index (ELI). Main findings. there was a tendency for the double pack system to be associated with better economy than the BP. The double pack system provoked significantly less forward lean than the backpack and the horizontal displacement of the CoM was also smaller for the double pack system and both of these factors were strongly related to economy. there was, however, a greater range of motion of the trunk in the DP condition and this was also associated with improved economy. Conclusions. the results suggest that the DP was associated with smaller perturbations in gait than the bP and that this represents an advantage in terms of economy. In particular freedom of movement of the trunk in the sagittal plane may be an important consideration in the efficiency of load carriage systems.
Title Financial Distress as a Selection Mechanism : Evidence from the United States Permalink

This paper follows the process of financial distress from its onset to its resolution for a sample of 95 firms. Only about one-third of the firms survive as independent companies. A firm’s short-run and long-run survival probability is positively affected by its operating performance, but its size, leverage, and debt structure complexity have no effect on its survival chances. The post-distress operating performance of the surviving firms is very close to the industry median. Filing for Chapter 11 reduces a firm’s survival chances but prolongs financial distress. Overall, the evidence suggests that the U.S. financial distress environment leads to an important extent to the survival of the fittest. Chapter 11 may buy poorly performing firms some additional time, but it does not seem to allow many of them to ultimately escape the discipline of the market for corporate control. ∗ I would like to thank Amit Goyal and Alessio Saretto for excellent research assistance. I also would like to thank Tony Bernardo, Gary Gorton, Lutz Hendricks, Edith Hotchkiss, Yrjo Koskinen (the discussant at the ESSFM 2001 in Gerzensee), Angeliki Kourelis, George Mailath, Stephen Morris, Monika Piazzesi, Manju Puri (the discussant at the 2001 NBER Summer Institute), Walter Torous, Rossen Valkanov, Belén Villalonga, and Jaime Zender (the discussant at the AFA 2002), and conference participants at the ESSFM 2001, the 2001 NBER Summer Institute, and the AFA 2002 meetings, and seminar participants at Southern Methodist University and the University of Washington for helpful comments and suggestions. All remaining errors and shortcomings are solely my responsibility.
PURE MEDIATED PRIMING by LARA L. JONES

by LARA L. JONES (Under the Direction of Zachary Estes) ABSTRACT Mediated priming refers to the activation of a target (e.g., STRIPES) by a prime (e.g., LION) that is related indirectly via a connecting “mediator” (e.g., tiger). In previous mediated priming studies (e.g., McNamara & Altarriba, 1988), the mediator was associatively related to the prime. In contrast, pure mediated priming entails no association between prime and mediator (e.g., SPOON soup) nor between mediator and target (e.g., soup CAN). This study investigates the existence of pure mediated priming and assesses which semantic priming model (spreading activation, expectancy, compound-cue, or semantic matching) accounts for the results. Experiments 1 – 3 demonstrate the occurrence of mediated priming in a double LDT (Experiment 1) and a standard LDT (Experiments 2 and 3) using a stimuli set consisting of an instrumental relation between prime and mediator (e.g., a spoon is used to eat soup) and an integrative relation between mediator and target (e.g., a can that contains soup). Experiments 4 and 5 also exhibited mediated priming using a different set of stimuli with integrative relations for both links. Overall, results indicate that retrospective semantic matching provides the best explanation of pure mediated priming.
Distribution of dissolved free amino acids in the Ushant front region

Measurements of dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) combined to phytoplankton and particulate matter parameters of water samples are described with reference to spring and summer hydrological conditions offshore the coast of Brittany in the Ushant front region. DFAA were found to exhibit vertical, lateral, diel and seasonal variations. Major differences were due to variations of a limited number of amino acids: aspartic acid, serine, histidine, threonine, glycine, alanine, leucine and ornithine. They were found to be enriched at the boundaries of the halothermoclines and the frontal region. Spectra of amino a c ~ d s and total DFAA concentrations were rather similar in samples representative of mixed and stratified waters at a given season. There were no significant correlations between total DFAA concentration and phytoplankton pigments. The magnitude of seasonal and diel variations of amino acids suggest that their turnover may be related to a variety of biological, physiological and biochemical processes prevailing in the pelagic ecosystem.
Characteristics of families who are repeatedly reported to child protection services in Iceland

It is important to identify families who are at risk of repeatedly maltreating their children early in the process in order to develop specific ways to help these families stop maltreating their children or to work on termination of parental rights. Thus, identifying factors that contribute to repeated child maltreatment is essential. The focus of this study was to investigate risk factors for repeated maltreatment, specifically neglect, of children in Iceland.
Strategic group theory: review, examination and application in the UK pharmaceutical industry

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider the current status of strategic group theory in the light of developments over the last three decades. and then to discuss the continuing value of the concept, both to strategic management research and practising managers. Design/methodology/approach – Critical review of the idea of strategic groups together with a practical strategic mapping illustration. Findings – Strategic group theory still provides a useful approach for management research, which allows a detailed appraisal and comparison of company strategies within an industry. Research limitations/ implications – Strategic group research would undoubtedly benefit from more directly comparable, industry-specific studies, with a more careful focus on variable selection and the statistical methods used for validation. Future studies should aim to build sets of industry specific variables that describe strategic choice within that industry. The statistical methods used to identify strategic groupings need to be robust to ensure that strategic groups are not solely an artefact of method. Practical implications – The paper looks specifically at an application of strategic group theory in the UK pharmaceutical industry. The practical benefits of strategic groups as a classification system and of strategic mapping as a strategy development and analysis tool are discussed. Originality/value – The review of strategic group theory alongside alternative taxonomies and application of the concept to the UK pharmaceutical industry.
Advance Agro- Techniques for Yield Efficiency and Economics of Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Crop for Chhattisgarh Plains

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the most important food and vegetable cum starch supplying crop of the world. It is one of the most remunerative and profitable crop for the growers due to its higher yield potential within a limited time. India has 2 nd rank in production 3 rd in area and 4 th in productivity in the world with export of 15424 lacks (IIVR-2015). Water is the vital source for crop production and is the most limiting factor in Indian agricultural scenario. Though India has the largest irrigation network, the irrigation efficiency has not been achieved more than 40 per cent. Due to water scarcity, the available water resources should be very effectively utilized through water saving irrigation technologies. Hence, further expansion of irrigation may depend upon the adoption of new systems such as pressurized irrigation methods with the limited water resources. Amongst those pressurized irrigation methods, drip irrigation has proved International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 2 (2017) pp. 766-777 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Competences for the development of smart products

Within the concept of Industry 4.0 the expansion of mechatronic products towards smart products is key. Whereas the discussion about smart products in the context of production is more prominent, the shift towards the paradigm of smart products also suggests that the current way of product development needs to be adapted fundamentally. It becomes obvious that besides technological topics like big-data or IT-infrastructure, the human factor is of major importance for a successful realization of industry 4.0. Especially new concepts for training and further education for product development are needed to cope with the emerging challenges. In order to design new educational concepts, instructional goals are key. Nowadays these goals are described in a competence oriented way. Until now, there are now competence models available that consider both the specificity of product development as well as the context of Smart Products. Hence this paper aims at deriving this competence model in a conceptual way. Therefore, a multistaged approach is conducted that synthesizes competence models for product development and engineering for industry 4.0 as well as design methodologies in the field.
A Primary Study of Attributes of Innovations during the Prediffusion Stage

We provide a theoretical model for testing the adoption of information technology during the prediffusion stage (research and development and early trials) of an innovation. The model was tested using Linux based applications of Open Source Software (OSS). The results of surveying 1000 members of the Linux User Groups WorldWide (LUGWW) are presented. This study is significant because it provides empirical evidence that attributes of innovations correlate with adoption during the prediffusion stage (research and development) of an innovation. This extends diffusion of innovations research and has important implications for DOI theory and practice.
Calving Success of Woodland Caribou Exposed to Low-Level Jet Fighter Overflights

Effects on woodland caribou ( Rangifer tarandus caribou ) of low-level military jet training at Canadian Forces Base - Goose Bay (Labrador) were studied during the 1986-88 training seasons. Calf survival was periodically monitored during 1987 and 1988 in a sample of 15 females wearing satellite-tracked radiocollars. During 1987, each female's exposure to low-level overflights was experimentally manipulated on a daily basis. In 1988, daily exposure was determined by analyzing jet flight tracks following the low-level flying season. Calf survival was monitored by survey flights every 3-4 weeks. A calf survival index, the number of survey periods (maximum = 4) that a cow was accompanied by a calf, was negatively correlated with the female's exposure to low-level jet overflights during the calving and immediate post-calving period and again during the period of insect harassment during summer. No significant relationship between calf survival and exposure to low-level flying was seen during the pre-calving period, during the late post-calving period prior to insect harassment, and during fall. In view of the continued depression of population growth in the woodland caribou population within the low-level training area, jets should avoid overflying woodland caribou calving range at least during the last week of May and the first three weeks of June. Key words: caribou, Rangifer tarandus caribou , calf survival, low-level flying, jet aircraft, disturbance, Labrador
K-BAND WILKINSON POWER DIVIDER BASED ON A TAPER EQUATION

In this paper, a microstrip circuit structure for a K-Band Wilkinson power divider is presented. The designed power divider is composed of two-step taper stubs based on empirical equations. The symmetry of this circuit allows a half circuit analysis through looking at the odd- and even-model excitations. To demonstrate its performance, the proposed Wilkinson power divider has been fabricated and tested. Results show that the measured insertion loss is less than 0.3dB and that the output re∞ection, input re∞ection and isolation are better than 16dB, 22dB, 16dB, respectively, in the frequency range from 18GHz to 27GHz.