Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Primary care interventions to reduce childhood obesity and sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption: Food for thought for oral health professionals

OBJECTIVES Childhood obesity remains a significant threat to America's children. Health care leaders have increasingly called upon oral health professionals to integrate healthy weight promotion and enhanced sugar-sweetened beverage counseling into their professional practices. The aim of this scoping review is to examine recent evidence regarding the effectiveness of primary care childhood obesity interventions that have potential for adoption by oral health professionals. METHODS Medine, and PubMed were searched from 2010 to 2016 for review articles and studies reporting patient outcomes or policy outcomes relevant to primary care childhood obesity interventions for children ages 2-11 years. Additional articles were accessed through relevant websites, journals, and references. Our screening criteria included interventions that could be adopted by oral health professionals. RESULTS Forty-two articles met inclusion criteria. Effective interventions fell into four domains: family-based programs, motivational interviewing, office-based practice tools, and policy interventions. Despite strong evidence linking the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to childhood obesity, our review did not find evidence of primary care programs effectively targeting and reducing childhood sugary drinks. CONCLUSIONS Effective primary care interventions for addressing childhood obesity have been identified, although only short-term effectiveness has been demonstrated. Dissemination of these practices as well as further research and advocacy are needed. Childhood obesity and poor oral health share many common risk factors. Additional research should focus on the benefits and feasibility of widespread interdisciplinary medical-oral health collaboration in addressing the two most prevalent diseases of childhood.
Eradication of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a chronic wound by a new polyhexanide hydrogel

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Exclusion of the 5-HT1A serotonin neuroreceptor and tryptophan oxygenase genes in a large British kindred multiply affected with Tourette's syndrome, chronic motor tics, and obsessive-compulsive behavior.

OBJECTIVE Previous studies have demonstrated a relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder or behavior and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. It has been hypothesized that the serotonergic system is implicated in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Therefore, the authors investigated whether genetic variation in a serotonergic receptor and a modifying enzyme were associated with Tourette's syndrome. METHOD A linkage analysis using DNA and blood group markers was carried out in a large British kindred multiply affected with Tourette's syndrome, chronic motor tics, and obsessive-compulsive behavior. RESULTS There was no evidence to support the hypothesis that genetic variation in the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor and tryptophan oxygenase genes causes susceptibility to Tourette's syndrome and chronic multiple tics. CONCLUSIONS The results eliminate two possible candidate genes from having a role in the pathophysiology of Tourette's syndrome.
Customized Titanium Mesh Based on the 3D Printed Model vs. Manual Intraoperative Bending of Titanium Mesh for Reconstructing of Orbital Bone Fracture: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND This study was aimed to compare the efficacy of customized patient-specific titanium mesh based on 3D printed model with intra-operative bending of titanium mesh for reconstructing of orbital floor fracture. METHODS This study was prospectively conducted on 10 patients with unilateral orbital floor fractures caused by accident or falls. In intervention group (n=5), the CT-scan slices were used for generating 3D reconstruction of both affected and unaffected orbits. Then, a 3D printed template of mirrored unaffected orbit was produced to mold the titanium mesh. The titanium mesh in conventional group (n=5) was bended only manually and intraoperatively by surgeon and positioned over the bony defect. All patients were followed-up within 1 week, 1 month and 4 months after surgery for assessing enophthalmos, diplopia and other complications. RESULTS Of 10 patients of the study only two patients in intervention group had preoperative vertical dystopia or diplopia which had been resolved after intervention. The mean enophthalmos at baseline and 1 week, 1 month and 4 months after surgery in control group were 3.8±0.7, 2.4±0.8, 2.4±0.8, and 2.4±0.8 mm, respectively, and in intervention group were 2.6±0.8, 0.35 ± 0.4, 0.35 ± 0.4 and 0.35 ± 0.4 mm, respectively. The mean enophthalmos did not differ significantly at baseline between two groups, while two groups showed significant difference after surgery. CONCLUSION Finally, we concluded that the placement of patient-specific titanium implant for reconstructing of orbital bone fracture led to better outcomes when compared to manual bending in terms of enophthalmos and other complications.
A Parallel Algorithm for Energy Efficiency Maximization in Massive MIMO Networks

In this paper, we propose a novel iterative algorithm based on successive convex approximation for the nonconvex energy efficiency optimization problem in massive MIMO networks. The stationary points of the original problem are found by solving a sequence of successively refined approximate problems, and the proposed algorithm has the following advantages: 1) fast convergence as the structure of the original energy efficiency function is preserved as much as possible in the approximate problem, and 2) easy implementation as each approximate problem is natural for parallel computation and all variable updates have a closed-form expression. The proposed algorithm is guaranteed to converge and its advantages are also illustrated numerically.
Oxychlordane and trans-nonachlor in breast adipose tissue and risk of female breast cancer.

BACKGROUND Organochlorine compounds, including organochlorine pesticides, have been suggested by some, but not all, studies to be associated with female breast-cancer risk. So far, studies relating organochlorine compounds and breast-cancer risk have mainly focused on polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) as risk factors for female breast cancer. This paper examines the hypothesis that environmental exposure to trans-nonachlor (TNC) and oxychlordane (OCD), a major metabolite of the insecticide chlordane, increases the METHODS A total of 304 histologically confirmed, incident primary breast-cancer patients and 186 histologically confirmed incident benign breast-disease controls were included in the study between 1994 and 1997. Breast adipose tissue not needed for diagnostic purposes was collected and analysed for TNC, OCD and other organochlorine compounds. A standardised, structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on major known, or suspected, risk factors for breast cancer. RESULTS The age and lipid-adjusted geometric mean adipose-tissue levels of OCD were similar between the cases [36.4 p.p.b. , 95% confidence interval (CI) 34.7-38.2 p.p.b. ] and controls (38.0 p.p.b., 95% Cl 35.7-40.6 p.p.b.). The age and lipid-adjusted geometric mean adipose-tissue levels of TNC between the cases (55.5 p.p.b., 95% CI 52.6-58.5 p.p.b.) and controls (58.1 p.p.b., 95% CI 54.2-62.3 p.p.b.) were also similar. There was no association between breast-cancer risk and mean adipose-tissue levels of OCD and TNC. The covariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 0.7 (95% CI 0.4-1.3) for OCD and 1.1 (95% CI 0.6-1.9) for TNC, when the highest quartile was compared with the lowest. The risk also did not vary based on oestrogen or progesterone receptor status or menopausal status. DISCUSSION We found no significantly increased risk of breast cancer associated with breast adipose-tissue levels of OCD or TNC; this is consistent with recent epidemiological studies, indicating that environmental exposure to organochlorine compounds does not have an overall significant impact on breast-cancer risk.
Therapeutic Intervention in Inflammatory Diseases: A Time and Place for Anti‐Adhesion Therapy

The recruitment of leukocytes from the blood into tissue is central to the development and maintenance of the majority of inflammatory diseases. This multistep process requires a series of leukocyte–endothelial adhesive interactions, involving several families of adhesion molecules. Molecules that block these interactions have been targeted as potential therapeutic treatments for acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, many of the anti‐adhesion therapy clinical trials have yielded disappointing outcomes. This review discusses some of the animal models that raise questions about the suitability of anti‐adhesion therapy to treat certain inflammatory diseases. The authors suggest that it is crucial to understand the underlying mechanisms and timelines of leukocyte recruitment in each affected tissue and inflammatory disease to develop more effective anti‐adhesion therapy.
Factors influencing academic failure of university students

There was a close link between education and development. Education played a vital role in human capital formation. Academic failure from university was a problem that had became a serious concern for higher education institutions. This study presented the result of a recent investigation at the University of Gujrat that attempted to identify the post enrollment factors that students perceived as having important influences on students failures in their university studies. Data was collected by using questionnaire. The Independent-Samples t-test procedure was used to compares means for two groups of cases. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was also performing to test the relationship among latent factor represented by the actual data from 100 drop out students of university. Finding indicates that male and female groups were significantly different in their perception of causes of academic failure, but perception of students from different programs Bachelors in science, Master in Arts and Science (BS, M.A/M.Sc) was not significantly different. In our estimated model class participation and lack of family support was directly affected on students drop out from university, but wrong choice of subject and change of system which was basically link with class participation and indirectly effect on students drop out. Key words: Identify, lack of commitment, appropriate, Gujrat.
The Role of Protein Synthesis and Degradation in the Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Rat Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 (Mrp2, Abcc2)

Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2, Abcc2), an organic anion transporter present in the apical membrane of hepatocytes, renal epithelial cells, and enterocytes, is postulated to undergo post-transcriptional regulation. We hypothesized that Mrp2 protein undergoes altered rates of protein synthesis or degradation consistent with different Mrp2 protein expression. We analyzed Mrp2 synthesis, expression, and degradation in control female, 19- and 20-day pregnant, and pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN)-treated rats using in vivo metabolic-labeling studies with [35S]cysteine/methionine or [14C]NaHCO3, polysomal distribution analyses and ribonuclease protection assays (RPA). Mrp2 protein was significantly increased in rats treated with PCN for 2 days but significantly decreased in 19-day pregnant rats relative to controls; no significant differences were observed in Mrp2 mRNA expression among these groups. The measured half-lives of 14C-labeled Mrp2 in control, pregnant, and PCN-treated rats were 27, 36, and 22 h, respectively, and were not significantly different. The rate of incorporation of 35S into Mrp2 was highest in PCN-treated rats. Polysomal distribution analysis of Mrp2 mRNA was consistent with increased Mrp2 protein synthesis after PCN treatment. The major transcription-initiation site for rat liver determined by RPA was -98 nucleotides (nt), with other start sites observed at -213, -163, -132, and -71 nt; use of transcription sites did not differ among the groups. Differences in the degradation of Mrp2 protein cannot explain the post-transcriptional regulation of Mrp2 in control, pregnant, and PCN-treated rats. Rather, the observed difference in protein synthesis suggests an intrinsic role for the translational regulation of rat Mrp2 protein.
A Comparison of Trans Women, Trans Men, Genderqueer Individuals, and Cisgender Brothers and Sisters on the Bem Sex-Role Inventory: Ratings by Self and Siblings

ABSTRACT A U.S. national sample of 295 transgender adults (trans women, trans men, and genderqueer individuals) and their cisgender siblings completed the Bem Sex-Role Inventory about their siblings as well as themselves, which enabled a comparison between self-perceptions and sibling’s perceptions of personality characteristics. Self-reported personality characteristics scored as feminine of trans women were not statistically different from those of their cisgender sisters, but they were significantly higher than self-reported femininity scores of trans men, genderqueer individuals, and cisgender brothers. Self-reported personality characteristics scored as masculine of trans men did not differ significantly from those of their cisgender brothers, but they were higher than those of trans women. Trans men and cisgender brothers were viewed by their siblings in a more sex-typed way than they rated themselves, whereas trans women and cisgender sisters were rated by their siblings in a less sex-typed way than they viewed themselves.
Monitoring and tracking the trans-Pacific transport of aerosols using multi-satellite aerosol optical depth composites

Abstract. The primary goal of this study was to generate a near-real time (NRT) aerosol optical depth (AOD) product capable of providing a comprehensive understanding of the aerosol spatial distribution over the Pacific Ocean, in order to better monitor and track the trans-Pacific transport of aerosols. Therefore, we developed a NRT product that takes advantage of observations from both low-earth orbiting and geostationary satellites. In particular, we utilize AOD products from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) satellites. Then, we combine these AOD products with our own retrieval algorithms developed for the NOAA Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-15) and Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT-2) to generate a NRT daily AOD composite product. We present examples of the daily AOD composite product for a case study of trans-Pacific transport of Asian pollution and dust aerosols in mid-March 2014. Overall, the new product successfully tracks this aerosol plume during its trans-Pacific transport to the west coast of North America as the frequent geostationary observations lead to a greater coverage of cloud-free AOD retrievals equatorward of about 35° N, while the polar-orbiting satellites provide a greater coverage of AOD poleward of 35° N. However, we note several areas across the domain of interest from Asia to North America where the GOES-15 and MTSAT-2 retrieval algorithms can introduce significant uncertainties into the new product.
Pesticide-handling practices among smallholder Vegetable farmers in Oyo state , Nigeria

Pesticide use among smallholder farmers in Nigeria has been associated with significant health hazards. The study evaluates the pesticide handling practices among vegetable farmers in Oyo State Nigeria. Random samples of one hundred and fifty (150) vegetable farmers were interviewed using structured questionnaire in ten selected local government areas of Oyo state Nigeria. Data obtained were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics. Majority of the farmers (74%) suffered from at least one health symptom associated with pesticide handling. However, most of them (65.4 %) claimed to have adopted the use of at least one or two safety protective equipment during pesticide application. A good number of the smallholder vegetable farmers (58.7%)do not have access to information on safety tips about pesticide handling or training on pesticide management. Cost of protective equipment and lack of training on pesticide handling seemed to be the most significant factors that influence proper pesticide handling practices among smallholder vegetable farmers in the state. It is therefore recommended that the regulatory agencies for pesticide use in Nigeria should implement the policy that will prohibit injudicious use of pesticide and provide effective training / workshop for the small holder farmers, retailers and all pesticide workers on the safety measures of pesticide application. The study also recommended integrated pest management (IPM) approaches for continued vegetable production to minimize risks associated with pesticide usage. IndexTerms—Smallholder farmers, Pesticide management, Safety, Protective equipment, Vegetables.
Prospective evaluation of early missed injuries and the role of tertiary trauma survey.

BACKGROUND This study prospectively evaluated the prevalence, clinical significance, and contributing factors to early missed injuries and the role of tertiary survey in minimizing frequency of missed injuries in admitted trauma patients. Missed injury, clinically significant missed injury, tertiary survey, and contributing factors were defined. Tertiary survey was conducted within 24 hours. RESULTS Of 206 patients, 134 patients (65%) had 309 missed injuries composing 39% of all 798 injuries seen. Tertiary trauma survey detected 56% of early missed injuries and 90% of clinically significant missed injuries within 24 hours. Clinically significant missed injuries occurred in 30 patients with complications in 11 patients and death in two patients. Of 224 contributing errors, 123 errors were in clinical assessment, 83 errors were in radiology, 14 errors were patient related, and four errors were technical. The missed injury rate was significantly higher in patients with multiple injuries and in those involved in road crashes. CONCLUSIONS Secondary trauma survey is not a definitive assessment and should be supplemented by tertiary trauma survey.
Integrated genetic map of human chromosome 2

A framework genetic map of human chromosome 2 is described, integrating data from the Centre d'Étude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH) version 6 database, the CEPH chromosome 2 consortium database, the National Institute of Health (NIH)/CEPH Collaborative Mapping group and other laboratories. A comprehensive map is also presented, showing regional locations of a large number of additional loci. The framework map is used to identify an informative set of meiotic breakpoints within the CEPH families, and the utility of this information for mapping new markers is discussed. The degree of typing error within the data set is estimated, as are the sex‐specific interference parameters. A location database for these genetic and additional cytogenetic data is constructed using algorithms which map genetic distances on to a physical scale, and the potential for this approach to aid the integration of genetic and physical data is examined.
The Effects of Culture on International Banking Disclosures

This paper investigates the influence of national culture on banking disclosures. Seventeen developed and developing countries with a representative sample of 37 listed domestic commercial banks were examined in 2004. Long-term orientation is found to be a non-significant cultural value with banking disclosures. The explanatory power for banking disclosures is found to be similar to the findings in Gray and Vint (1995) with a cross-section of industries. More importantly, this study recommends that long-term orientation should not be used as part of the cultural framework for disclosures due to bias data. Hence, Gray's (1988) hypothesis on the secrecy / transparency dimension should be maintained with respect to the original four cultural values.
Nasal septal haematoma in Nigeria

Abstract A prospective study of 46 consecutive patients with nasal septal haematoma admitted at the General Hospital, Owerri, Nigeria over a five year period is presented. The disease was commoner in males than females. The majority of the cases (65.6 per cent) were of unknown cause and were therefore grouped as spontaneous haematoma while 30.4 per cent were due to trauma. Trauma was more common in patients below the age of 15 years while spontaneous haematoma was common in patients above that age. All the patients with septal haematoma represented 0.2 per cent of total attendances to the ENT clinic over the period. Most of the patients presented with severe and threatening symptoms necessitating intense aggressive management. All the patients were managed by surgical incision and drainage, four had marked nasal abnormalities. Three patients died from a brain abscess as a complication of infected haematoma.