Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of symptom provocation in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

BACKGROUND The new technique of functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to investigate the mediating neuroanatomy of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms. METHODS Ten patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 5 normal subjects were studied via functional magnetic resonance imaging during control and provoked conditions. Data analysis entailed parametric and nonparametric statistical mapping. RESULTS Statistical maps (nonparametric; P < 10(-3)) showed activation for 70% or more of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder in medial orbitofrontal, lateral frontal, anterior temporal, anterior cingulate, and insular cortex, as well as caudate, lenticulate, and amygdala. No normal subjects exhibited activation in any brain region. CONCLUSIONS Results of functional magnetic resonance imaging were consistent with past studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder that used other functional neuroimaging modalities. However, paralimbic and limbic activations were more prominent in the present study.
Irinotecan in combination with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid or with cisplatin in patients with advanced gastric or esophageal-gastric junction adenocarcinoma: results of a randomized phase II study.

BACKGROUND To identify the most effective of two combinations, irinotecan/5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/folinic acid (FA) and irinotecan/cisplatin, in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer, for investigation in a phase III trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were randomized to receive irinotecan [80 mg/m2 intravenously (i.v.)], FA (500 mg/m2 i.v.) and a 22-h infusion of 5-FU (2000 mg/m2 i.v.), weekly for 6 weeks with a 1-week rest, or irinotecan (200 mg/m2 i.v.) and cisplatin (60 mg/m2 i.v.), on day 1 for 3 weeks. RESULTS A total of 115 patients were eligible for analysis in the per-protocol population. The overall response rate in the irinotecan/5-FU/FA arm (n=59) was 42.4%, with a complete response rate of 5.1%. Corresponding figures for the irinotecan/cisplatin arm (n=56) were 32.1% and 1.8%, respectively. The median time to progression was 6.5 months (irinotecan/5-FU/FA) and 4.2 months (irinotecan/cisplatin) (P < 0.0001), with median survival times of 10.7 and 6.9 months, respectively (P=0.0018). The major toxicity was grade 3/4 neutropenia, which was more pronounced with irinotecan/cisplatin than with irinotecan/5-FU/FA (65.7% versus 27%). Diarrhea was the main grade 3/4 non-hematological toxicity with both irinotecan/5-FU/FA (27.0%) and irinotecan/cisplatin (18.1%). CONCLUSIONS Both combinations were active, with acceptable safety profiles. Irinotecan/5-FU/FA was selected as the most effective combination for investigation in a phase III trial in advanced gastric cancer.
How Prevalent and Profitable are Latency Arbitrage Opportunities on U.S. Stock Exchanges?

In this study, I examine the prevalence of latency arbitrage opportunities that arise due to the fragmentation of trading across multiple exchanges. I analyze order and quote data from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's Market Information Data Analytics System (MIDAS), which aggregates consolidated feeds and direct proprietary feeds from each U.S. stock exchange. This paper provides evidence that high-frequency traders have numerous opportunities to realize profits from latency arbitrage. These opportunities are significantly more prevalent in larger stocks and on certain exchanges. I estimate that total potential profit from latency arbitrage opportunities in S&P 500 ticker symbols was approximately $3.03 billion in 2014.
‘Sometimes it’s really complicated!’ – clients with complex needs on their encounters with specialised personal social service organisations in Sweden

Abstract Research in the field of human services has paid limited attention to the consequences of the international development toward organisational specialisation; the consequences for clients have been overlooked in particular. The aim of the article is to describe and analyse the consequences of organizationally specialised personal social services (PSS) in Sweden for clients with complex needs. Findings from a survey and an interview study addressing PSS clients show that clients primarily perceived their encounters with the specialised PSS negatively, and that they experienced several elements of service fragmentation. Implications of the findings are discussed in light of previous research and theory in the area.
The Effects of High Performance Work Systems, Entrepreneurship and Organizational Culture on Organizational Performance

Focusing on Korean small and medium-sized firms, this paper examines the relationships between high performance work systems (HPWSs), entrepreneurship and organizational culture and organizational performance. The findings reveal that HPWSs and entrepreneurship are significantly re lated to performance. Also an interaction effect of organizational culture and entrepreneurship on performance is found. These results have both theoretical and practical implications. In accordance with the resource-based view, sustained superior performance can be attributed to unique capabilities, such as human resource management (HRM) and entrepreneurship. From a practical perspective, these findings indicate that HPWSs are applicable in Korean settings.
Innovation and Export Volumes and Prices--A Disaggregated Study

This paper explores the role of innovation in the determination of both net exports and export prices. The analysis is conducted for thirty-six industry groups covering both manufacturers and services in the United Kingdom. The data are annual time series and these are analyzed using the techniques of cointegration to establish the existence of significant time-series relationships between innovation and trade performance. Innovation was measured by survey data and by patent statistics. The empirical findings support the view that successful R&D has a quantitatively significant impact on the balance of trade in a variety of industries and services. Copyright 1994 by Royal Economic Society.
The Strategic use of Language in Corrupt Firms’ Financial Disclosures

This paper explores the role of language (tone and readability) in financial disclosures in detecting a firm’s likelihood of violating the FCPA. Matching FCPA violators with a control sample of non-violators, we examine whether the tone and readability of management’s 10-K filings can be linked to the likelihood of getting involved in an FCPA violation. We find that the management of FCPA violators uses more negative, uncertain, litigious, and complex language when disclosing financials compared to non-violators. Furthermore, we find that managers make strategic use of language after FCPA prosecution. Although they face additional litigation risk from FCPA prosecution, they lower their negative, uncertain, and litigious tone in 10-K filings. This effect is particularly strong for firms with low readability in SEC filings and low board independence.
Preparing Occupational Therapy Students to Make Moral Decisions

ABSTRACT There is growing awareness that moral distress has negative consequences for health care practitioners. The preparedness of future occupational therapists to make moral decisions needs to be addressed. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine how moral reasoning changes during occupational therapy education. A repeated cross-sectional design was used to collect data from students enrolled in a 5-year entry-level professional program. For students in this study, a type of moral reasoning based on rules and social order was preferred over a type of moral reasoning based on abstract ideals. The consequences for moral distress and implications for occupational therapy education were discussed.
Growth hormone therapy in Turner's syndrome: one versus two daily injections.

In 44 girls with Turner's syndrome, aged 4.0-15.3 yr, the effects of biosynthetic GH (25 U/m2.week) given as once daily or twice daily injections were compared. During 1 yr of treatment, the growth rate increased similarly by 3.5 +/- 1.3 cm/yr in the once daily group and 2.7 +/- 1.8 cm/yr in the twice daily group. Although pretreatment height velocity was negatively related to age, the increase in height velocity during therapy was not. The mean progression in bone age (TW2-RUS method), during therapy was 1.3 yr in both groups. No significant change in the median insulin secretory response to an oral glucose tolerance test was found. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations did not change significantly throughout the study in either treatment group. Thyroid hormone concentrations remained within normal limits. Normal increments in left ventricular wall thickness and left ventricular mass for age and body surface were observed after 1 yr of GH treatment. We conclude that division of the daily GH dose given to Turner's syndrome patients into two injections does not result in either a significantly different growth response or different side-effects from once daily treatment during the first year of therapy.
Topical Tacrolimus as a Therapeutic Adjunct in Patients with Cutaneous Lupus erythematosus

The topical therapy of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LE) consists mainly of corticosteroids which may lead to significant side effects when overused. We report the efficacy of topical tacrolimus as a therapeutic adjunct in 3 patients with cutaneous LE of the face. All patients, 1 with systemic LE and a malar rash, 1 with annular subacute cutaneous LE, the other with a papular variant of subacute cutaneous LE, experienced significant improvement following application of tacrolimus ointment. Treatment with topical tacrolimus was tolerated well without major side effects in all patients. The presented cases are in line with recent reports that topical tacrolimus may be effective in facial LE.
India Volatility Index (India VIX) and Risk Management in the Indian Stock Market

This study examines the asymmetric relationship between the India Volatility Index (India VIX) 3 and stock market returns, and demonstrates that Nifty returns are negatively related to the changes in the India VIX levels; in the case of high upward movements in the market, the returns on the two indices tend to move independently. When the market takes a sharp downward turn, the relationship is not as significant for higher quantiles. This property of the India VIX makes it ideal as a risk management tool whereby derivative products based on the volatility index can be used for portfolio insurance against bad declines. We also find that the India VIX captures stock market volatility better than traditional measures of volatility, including the ARCH/GARCH class of models. Finally, we test whether changes in the India VIX can be used as a signal for switching portfolios. Our analysis of timing strategy based on changes in the India VIX exhibits that switching to large-cap (mid-cap) portfolios when the India volatility index increases (decreases) by a certain percentage point can be useful in maintaining positive returns on a portfolio. 1 Professor of Finance, Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India. Email: mtm@iitm.ac. in 2 Postdoctoral Fellow in Finance, Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India. Email: abhijeet.chandra@yahoo.com The views expressed in the paper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the National Stock Exchange of India Ltd. 3 ―VIX‖ is a trademark of Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated ("CBOE") and Standard & Poor’s has granted a license to NSE, with permission from CBOE, to use such mark in the name of the India VIX and for purposes relating to the India VIX.
The Law and Economics of Self-Dealing December 1st, 2005

We present a new measure of legal protection of minority shareholders against expropriation by corporate insiders: the anti-self-dealing index. Assembled with the help of Lex Mundi law firms, the index is calculated for 72 countries based on legal rules prevailing in 2003, and focuses on private enforcement mechanisms, such as disclosure, approval, and litigation, governing a specific self-dealing transaction. This theoretically-grounded index predicts a variety of stock market outcomes, and generally works better than the commonly used index of anti-director rights.
The influence of salesperson skill, motivation, and training on the practice of customer‐oriented selling

Why is customer-oriented selling not practiced widely? The purpose of this research was to identify the relationships between factors that may be related to the practice of customer-oriented selling: Salesperson job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and skills. A survey of 109 retail salespeople provided insights into the relationships between these variables. The findings focused on the importance of the relationships existing between salesperson skills, training, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and salesperson customer orientation. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High prevalence of HIV-1 transmitted drug-resistance mutations from proviral DNA massively parallel sequencing data of therapy-naïve chronically infected Brazilian blood donors

Background An improved understanding of the prevalence of low-abundance transmitted drug-resistance mutations (TDRM) in therapy-naïve HIV-1–infected patients may help determine which patients are the best candidates for therapy. In this study, we aimed to obtain a comprehensive picture of the evolving HIV-1 TDRM across the massive parallel sequences (MPS) of the viral entire proviral genome in a well-characterized Brazilian blood donor naïve to antiretroviral drugs. Materials and methods The MPS data from 128 samples used in the analysis were sourced from Brazilian blood donors and were previously classified by less-sensitive (LS) or “detuned” enzyme immunoassay as non-recent or longstanding HIV-1 infections. The Stanford HIV Resistance Database (HIVDBv 6.2) and IAS-USA mutation lists were used to interpret the pattern of drug resistance. The minority variants with TDRM were identified using a threshold of ≥ 1.0% and ≤ 20% of the reads sequenced. The rate of TDRM in the MPS data of the proviral genome were compared with the corresponding published consensus sequences of their plasma viruses. Results No TDRM were detected in the integrase or envelope regions. The overall prevalence of TDRM in the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) regions of the HIV-1 pol gene was 44.5% (57/128), including any mutations to the nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and non-nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI). Of the 57 subjects, 43 (75.4%) harbored a minority variant containing at least one clinically relevant TDRM. Among the 43 subjects, 33 (76.7%) had detectable minority resistant variants to NRTIs, 6 (13.9%) to NNRTIs, and 16 (37.2%) to PR inhibitors. The comparison of viral sequences in both sources, plasma and cells, would have detected 48 DNA provirus disclosed TDRM by MPS previously missed by plasma bulk analysis. Conclusion Our findings revealed a high prevalence of TDRM found in this group, as the use of MPS drastically increased the detection of these mutations. Sequencing proviral DNA provided additional information about TDRM, which may impact treatment decisions. The overall results emphasize the importance of continuous monitoring.
Dynamics of Firm Participation in R&D Tax Credit and Subsidy Programs

We provide comparative evidence on R&D tax credit and subsidy programs by studying whether firms' participation in each program exhibits state dependence and whether cross program interactions exist and are significant. We use a panel of manufacturing Spanish firms, which could use both types of support, to estimate a random effects bivariate dynamic probit model of program participation. We find that true state dependence of participation in R&D subsidy and tax credit programs accounts respectively for about 55% and 60% of observed persistence. In contrast, we do not find evidence of cross program interaction, suggesting that each tool is used by firms with different profiles. Digging on the role of some observable variables, we find that both programs reach on average stable R&D performers, and that they do not foster participation of young firms relative to older ones. We also identify significant differences across programs: while diversified and commercially successful firms are more likely to use tax incentives, those with high productivity are more likely to obtain subsidies. We discuss some policy implications of these findings.
Systematic Risk Asymmetry of the American Real Estate Securities: Some New Econometric Evidences

In this paper we observe an increase of the systematic risk of the American real estate securities in the year 2007 which go back to the initial values in the year 2009. At the same time we observe the possible presence of structural breaks. In order to evaluate the systematic risk we chose the Fama and French three factor model and studied the relationship between the extra-return of the REIT index, used as a proxy of American real estate securities and the extra return of the S&P 500 index represented by the market portfolio return. The results confirm the presence of an “Asymmetric Beta Puzzle” in agreement with previous studies. At the same time the results show that whereas in the past the REIT securities were considered to be conservative securities, in the year of the subprime crisis, they behaved as speculative one. REIT securities in particular have amplified and almost doubled the variations of the market risk premium.
Promoting brand benefits: the role of consumer psychographics and lifestyle

Because consumers can vary greatly in their value composition, they may seek a range of different benefits from products and brands and hence will react differently to marketing communications emphasizing selected brand benefits. The present study adapts a scale for measuring benefits that drive consumer preferences for craft beer. As part of this process, five dimensions of utility are identified, such as functional, value for money, social, positive and negative emotional benefit. In order to support decisions on market segmentation and brand positioning, those dimensions of benefit are profiled against consumer brand preferences, lifestyle segments, demographic and behavioral variables. Based on the results, guidelines for communication strategies are offered that address the benefits sought by specific segments more holistically.
ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION OF RISK FROM COMPETING LOW- PROBABILITY, HIGH-CONSEQUENCE HAZARDS

Civil infrastructure facilities are designed to withstand demands imposed by their service requirements and by natural environmental events. The normal design process usually results in a constructed facility with a degree of integrity that is also available to withstand challenges from unforeseen events. However, events outside the design envelope, including extreme storms or earthquakes, fires, accidents and malevolent attack, may cause severe damage or precipitate a catastrophic collapse. Changes in design and construction practices over the past several decades have made some modern structural systems vulnerable to such events. Social and political factors also have led to an increase in abnormal events that may pose a threat to civil infrastructure. Finally, public awareness of infrastructure performance and safety issues has increased markedly during the past thirty years as a result of well-publicized natural and man-made disasters. The prospect of improving practices to enhance facility robustness and to lessen the likelihood of unacceptable damage from lowprobability, high-consequence threats now is receiving heightened interest among engineers and other design professionals.
Prevalence of periodontopathic bacteria in aggressive periodontitis patients in a Chilean population.

BACKGROUND Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is considered a major etiologic agent of aggressive periodontitis (AgP). Other periodontopathic bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis are also suspected of participating in aggressive periodontitis although the evidence to support this is controversial. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of eight periodontopathic bacteria in Chilean patients with AgP. METHODS Subgingival plaque samples were collected from 36 aggressive, 30 localized, and six generalized periodontitis patients. Samples from 17 advanced chronic periodontitis (CP) patients were taken as controls. Samples collected from the four deepest periodontal pockets in each patient were pooled in prereduced transport fluid (RTF) and cultured. Periodontal bacteria were primarily identified by colony morphology under stereoscopic microscope and rapid biochemical tests. The identity of some bacterial isolates was confirmed by colony polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS AgP showed a significatively higher prevalence of C. rectus than CP (P = 0.036). The only statistical difference found was for C. rectus. Patients with AgP showed a higher, but not statistically significant, prevalence of P. gingivalis, E. corrodens, P. micros, and Capnocytophaga sp. A similar prevalence in both groups of patients was observed for F. nucleatum and P. intermedia/nigrescens, and A. actinomycetemcomitans was less prevalent in AgP than CP patients. In localized AgP, P. intermedia/nigrescens, E. corrodens, F. nucleatum, and P. micros were the more prevalent pathogens in contrast to generalized AgP patients who harbored A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, and Capnocytophaga sp. as the most prevalent bacteria. CONCLUSIONS C. rectus, P. gingivalis, E. corrodens, P. micros, and Capnocytophaga sp. were the most predominant periodontopathic bacteria of AgP in this Chilean population, but the only statistical difference found here between AgP and CP was for C. rectus, suggesting that the differences in clinical appearance may be caused by factors other than the microbiological composition of the subgingival plaque of these patients. In this study, the prevalence of A. actinomycetemcomitans was much lower than that of P. gingivalis.
An extension of the benefit segmentation base for the consumption of organic foods: A time perspective

Abstract Benefit segmentation is a long-standing marketing approach that emphasises the ‘what’ and ‘how’ dimensions of consumer benefits; that is, what benefits consumers perceive in product/service consumption, and how such benefits are perceived. This research proposes a fresh time-based approach to benefit segmentation – namely, focusing on the ‘when’ element or when in time benefits take effect. Drawing upon a survey of UK consumers, it explains and discusses consumption motivations through examining antecedents of temporally dominated benefits in application to organic food. Specifically, the study investigates why some consumers predominantly seek present-based benefits vis-à-vis future-based benefits or vice versa in organic food purchase and consumption behaviour. Using correlation and regression analyses, the research findings establish significant associations of level of involvement, prior knowledge level, and product usage level, and some association of time orientation with the temporally emphasised consumption benefits consumers ultimately pursue. Overall, the research highlights the added contribution of a time perspective in a benefit segmentation approach which can assist marketers in understanding better and communicating more effectively with consumers through drawing up consumer profiles based on when in time their dominantly pursued benefit for an offering is perceived to take effect.