Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Finnish Urban School Teacher's Evaluations on Principals Emotional Leadership Competencies

This paper presents a 51 -item self-rating Likert-scale Emotional Leadership Questionnaire (ELQ) that operationalises Goleman, Boyatzis and McKee's (2002) four domains of Emotional Intelligence (EI) with eighteen characteristics. The sample consists of 124 Finnish teachers from four comprehensive and two upper secondary schools. The construct validity of the ELQ was tested with following two stages: (1) Comparison of the mean values and standard deviations of the 51 ELQ items measuring teachers' evaluations on their principals Emotional Leadership (EL) and (2) examination of the variable structure of ELQ to test it against the theoretical EI -model. Results showed that school principals were able to keep disruptive emotions and impulses under control; they were able to adapt to new challenges and see the upside in the events. The theoretical structure of EI was present at least in component level in this domain. Further, the visual inspection of the Bayesian dependency network showed that all four EL domains were present in the model derived from the empirical sample. In this paper, we use the term Emotional Leadership (EL) to describe school principals' EI capabilities as leaders. We study with an empirical sample (N = 124) how Finnish schoolteachers evaluate their principals EL competencies. This paper focuses on teachers responses, leaving out other school personnel (for example, cleaners), students and their parents. The paper is organised as follows: First, we discuss the central concepts of EI research body. Second, we present an Emotional Leadership Questionnaire (ELQ) that operationalises four domains of EI (Goleman, Boyazis & McKee, 2002; Nokelainen & Ruohotie, 2005; 2006). Third, we study with an empirical sample of 124 Finnish comprehensive (n = 84) and upper secondary (n = 40) school teachers the construct validity of the ELQ with following two stages: (1) Comparison of the mean values and standard deviations of the 51 ELQ items measuring teachers' evaluations on their principals EL, and (2) examination of the variable structure of ELQ to test it against the theoretical EI -model. Finally, we conclude the results, discuss the weak point of this study and suggest guidelines for the future study.
PARTIAL PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF L-ASPARAGINASE FROM GORDONIA SP KM067296 ISOLATED FROM LONAR LAKE (MAHARASHTRA.INDIA).

Ganjave Snehal, Bhat Manish and Marar Thankamani*. School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D.Y. Patil University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Pin-400614, Maharashtra, India. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Immunomodulatory activity of the total crude extracts of Solanum inguivi in the Wistar albino rats

The immune system is the defense mechanism of the body and currently a number of disease conditions are on increase worldwide that either exaggerate or suppress it. The study investigated the immunomodulatory activity of the total crude extracts of S. anguivi (indicum) inWister albino rats. Four groups each with 6 healthy adult animals of either sex weighting between 80 to 150g were used. Group I was dosed each with 1mL intragastrically of normal saline. Groups II, III and IV were each given 1mL of total crude extract of 125mg/Kg bwt, 250mg/Kg bwt and 500mg/Kg bwt respectively daily for 14 days. On the 15th day, whole blood was collected by puncturing the retro orbital vein of the rats. The RBC, immune blood cell count, HA titer and DTH were determined. Increasing the dose of the extract from 125 to 500mg/Kg bwt caused a reduction in the mean WBC count. The reduction at a dose of 500mg/Kg bwtwas statistically significant (piÂ£0.05) as compared to the control group. The mean RBC count was higher than for the control group for all the doses but was not statistically significant (piÂ³0.05). Themean%lymphocyteswere higher for all the doses than the control group but with no statistical difference between the 2 groups (piÂ³0.05) though however, there was a dose-dependent reduction in the mean%lymphocytes. The mean%lymphocytes were higher for all the doses than the control group but with no statistical difference between the 2 groups (piÂ³0.05) though however, there was a dose-dependent reduction in the mean % lymphocytes. The HA titer was higher than the control group and was statistically significant (piÂ£0.05) at 125 and 250mg/ Kg bwt as compared to the control group. The neutrophil adhesion were higher than the control group but were not statistically significant. The DHT were higher than for the control group and was statistically significant (piÂ³0.05) at a dose of 500mg/Kg bwt after 12 hours and 125mg/Kg bwt after 24 hours. The results show that the total crude leaf extracts of S. anguivi contained compounds with immunomodulatory activity.
Self-Efficacy and test anxiety as correlates of academic performance

The study examined self-efficacy and test anxiety as correlates of academic performance among 249 undergraduate students of a university in Eastern Nigeria. General Self-efficacy Scale and Westside Test Anxiety Scale were used to assess self-efficacy and test anxiety respectively, whereas average score of students in two psychology degree courses were used to assess their academic performance. Results showed a significant positive correlation between self-efficacy and academic performance (.24, p < .001) and a significant negative correlation between test anxiety and academic performance (-.43, p < .001). Also, regression analysis showed a significant model emerged, F 2,246 =31.32, p<. 001. Selfefficacy significantly predicted the variability in academic performance s = . 151, p < . 01, and equally, test anxiety proves to be a significant predictor of the variability in academic performance, s = -. 390, p < . 001. Given the observed high correlation between self-efficacy and test anxiety in academic performance, the author is concerned that the observed high prevalence of examination fraud in Nigeria may not be unconnected with students’ low appraisal of their capability in academic context, and therefore recommends programs that will facilitate gains in self-efficacy as well as confident posture in approaching examinations.
The transmission of cultural resources as a basis for young people's school choices

This paper analyzes the role of the family in the construction of adolescents’ choices and life projects examining. The study considers material and symbolic resources as either possibilities or constraints for young people, for whom the intergenerational relationship can be viewed as an opportunity for the transition to adulthood. The aim of this article is to offer a critical review of Pierre Bourdieu's concept of cultural capital, reconstructing the main processes of intergenerational transmission of cultural resources. In particular, through an analysis of a set of qualitative data from the nationwide PRIN study, two ideal types of processes of intergenerational transmission are identified, transversal to all social groups, which are linked to a different understanding of education. On the one hand, we have education as capital, that is to say a conception of education as a family patrimony that gives access to rewards and can be accumulated or lost. On the other hand, we have education as an entitlement to be fully enjoyed, a real opportunity to develop one’s abilities, a space to learn and test out useful skills to navigate complex decision-making processes, and which is the result of an educational style that promotes responsibility-taking.
The effect of aspect ratio and volume fraction on mechanical properties of steel fibre-reinforced oil palm shell concrete

AbstractThe utilization of oil palm shell (OPS) as a replacement for conventional coarse aggregate produces a greener structural lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC). Steel fibres enhance the mechanical properties of LWAC including OPS concrete (OPSC). This paper reports on the influence of the aspect ratio (l/d) and volume fraction (Vf) of hooked end steel fibres in oil palm shell fibre-reinforced concrete (OPSFRC). The fresh and hardened concrete properties, including ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and post-failure compressive strength (PFCS) of ten mixes with three each for l/d (55, 65 and 80) and Vf (0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75%) are investigated. The mix with an l/d of 65 produced the highest values of slump, density, and compressive strength. The enhancement in the splitting tensile strength of 83% compared to the control mix was obtained for the mix with the highest l/d. Generally, the increase in Vf from 0.25% to 0.75% improved the mechanical properties. The UPV results indicated that all OPSFRC and PF.
Simulating PM Emissions and Combustion Stability in Gasoline/Diesel Fuelled Engines

Regulations on emissions from diesel and gasoline fuelled engines are becoming more stringent in all parts of the world. Hence there is a great deal of interest in developing advanced combustion systems that offer the efficiency of a diesel engine, but with low PM and NOx. One promising approach is that of Partially-Premixed Compression Ignition (PPCI) or Low Temperature Combustion (LTC). Using this approach, PM can be reduced in compression ignition engines by promoting the mixing of fuel and air prior to combustion. This paper describes the application of an advanced combustion simulator for fuels, combustion and emissions to analyze the key processes which occur in PPCI combustion mode. A detailed chemical kinetic model with advanced PM population balance submodel is employed in a PPCI engine context to examine the impact of ignition resistance on combustion, mixing, ignition and emissions. The ignition and combustion of a diesel-like fuel (n-heptane) and low octane gasoline-like fuel (84PRF) are compared using the model highlighting how the diesel-like fuel ignites at very rich equivalence ratios whereas the gasoline-like fuel ignites on the lean side. Sources of exhaust gas emissions are also identified. For the first time, a computational model is employed to demonstrate the trade-off between low PM emissions and “over-mixing” (sensitivity to cycle-to-cycle variations and combustion instability) for a full range of fuels with increasing ignition resistance. These results are then discussed noting that conventional hydrocarbon fuels which fulfill either a conventional diesel or gasoline standards are not necessarily consistent with those required to run an engine operating at it’s optimal point in terms of PM emissions and combustion stability.
Challenges for TFRC as a Real-Time Protocol Over Multihop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

Multihop wireless networks are emerging as a natural extension of the global Internet for scenarios where wired connections are unfeasible, impossible, or undesired. In these networks,nodes cooperate among themselves by relaying data to each other and generally can move at random. The topology of these networks can change rapidly and unpredictably as the mobile nodes change position or the wireless channel condition fluctuates. Such features require robust, adaptive communication protocols that can handle the unique challenges of these multihop networks smoothly. TCP Friendly Rate Control (TFRC) is a new congestion control scheme for the Internet, intended for use in video streaming and multimedia applications. It aims to send traffic at the same average rate as a TCP/IP sender, but without the sudden variations. However, TFRC is originally tuned to perform well in wired networks and assumes that any loss is due to congestion. Upon any loss, the congestion avoidance algorithm is used to backoff and increase the retransmission timer such that it will not overload the network. The TFRC response function is not well suited for multihop networks, where most packet losses are due to the features of these networks. Therefore, for TFRC to be successfully deployed over multihop wireless networks it must be adapted to handle the unique challenges of these networks. The novelty of this thesis comes from the realization that TFRC must be adapted in such a way that it faces the challenges in combination and not individually. This thesis details the key challenges for the TCP Friendly Rate Control (TFRC) in multihop wireless networks and outlines the proposed algorithm to solve the involved problems.The result is an adaptive rate estimation TFRC protocol, ARETFRC.
Heterotic Grouping of Iranian Maize Inbred Lines Based on Yield - Specific Combining Ability in Diallel Crosses and GGE Biplot

This research was aimed to classify Iranian maize inbred lines in heterotic groups and to identify their heterotic patterns. Fourteen maize inbred lines were crossed in a diallel scheme without reciprocals. Parents and their 91 F1 hybrids were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications for two years (2007, 2008) in Karaj, Iran. Analysis of variance was performed following method 2 of Griffing’s model 1. GGE biplot model was employed to extract the interaction among lines and testers. The estimates of specific combining ability (SCA) were bigger than the analogous estimates for the general combining ability (GCA), indicating the major influence of dominant genes on the expression of grain yield. Hybrids with higher grain yield represented successful combination of parental lines for the expression of heterosis. The best heterotic patterns were "Lancaster Sure Crop (LSC) × Lines", and "Reid Yellow Dent (RYD) × Lines, both extracted from CIMMYT originated materials" and "LSC × Lines extracted from Late Synthetic". The results in heterotic patterns obtained by biplot mostly are in accordance with those of using Grifing’s method.
Assessment of an anomaly detector for jet engine health monitoring

The goal of module performance analysis is to reliably assess the health of the main components of an aircraft engine. A predictive maintenance strategy can leverage this information to increase operability and safety as well as to reduce costs. Degradation undergone by an engine can be divided into gradual deterioration and accidental events. Kalman filters have proven very efficient at tracking progressive deterioration but are poor performers in the face of abrupt events. Adaptive estimation is considered as an appropriate solution to this deficiency. This paper reports the evaluation of the detection capability of an adaptive diagnosis tool on the basis of simulated scenarios that may be encountered during the operation of a commercial turbofan engine. The diagnosis tool combines a Kalman filter and a secondary system that monitors the residuals. This auxiliary component implements a generalised likelihood ratio test in order to detect abrupt events.
An Analysis of the Viability of Winter Wheat Farming Under the A1 Land Resettlement Model in Zimbabwe: A Case Study of Mazowe District

The study analyses the viability of winter wheat production in Zimbabwe’s A1 resettlement farming sector. This sector emerged from the implementation of the Fast Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP), starting 2000, when a new farming structure with new farming communities emerged. In most sectors, and for the major crops grown, output seemed depressed as compared to pre 2000 levels. This study picked winter wheat, a strategic food crop in Zimbabwe and examined its production viability under the new dispensation and to understand the factors influencing its viability. A sample of 80 farmers from Mazowe district was used to assess viability over a season, typifying a single production cycle. The mean gross margin figure was calculated, and found to be –US$155.7, indicating qualified non-viability of the enterprise. Regression analyses identified fertiliser, working capital, area planted and education as the key factors affecting viability, with R 2 =0.725. The study recommended government to partner the private sector to address production side factors, key of which are input prices including water, energy, credit and extension; and then pricing on the marketing side to improve winter wheat viability. Keywords: Fast track land resettlement programme(FTLRP), strategic food crop, wheat, viability, Mazowe.
A model of the plasma flow and current in Saturn's polar ionosphere under conditions of strong Dungey cycle driving

Abstract. We propose a simple model of the flow and currents in Saturn's polar ionosphere. This model is motivated by theoretical reasoning, and guided quantitatively by in situ field and flow data from space missions, ground-based IR Doppler measurements, and Hubble Space Telescope images. The flow pattern consists of components which represent (1) plasma sub-corotation in the middle magnetosphere region resulting from plasma pick-up and radial transport from internal sources; (2) the Vasyliunas-cycle of internal plasma mass-loss down the magnetospheric tail at higher latitudes; and (3) the polar Dungey-cycle flow driven by the solar wind interaction. Upstream measurements of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) indicate the occurrence of both extended low-field rarefaction intervals with essentially negligible Dungey-cycle flow, and few-day high-field compression regions in which the Dungey-cycle voltage peaks at a few hundred kV. Here we model the latter conditions when the Dungey-cycle is active, advancing on previous axi-symmetric models which may be more directly applicable to quiet conditions. For theoretical convenience the overall flow pattern is constructed by adding together two components - a purely rotational flow similar to previous axi-symmetric models, and a sun-aligned twin vortex representing the dawn-dusk asymmetry effects associated with the Vasyliunas-and Dungey-cycle flows. We calculate the horizontal ionospheric current associated with the flow and the field-aligned current from its divergence. These calculations show that a sheet of upward-directed field-aligned current flows at the boundary of open field lines which is strongly modulated in local-time by the Dungey-cycle flows. We then consider implications of the field-aligned current for magnetospheric electron acceleration and aurorae using two plasma source populations (hot outer magnetospheric electrons and cool dense magnetosheath electrons). Both sources display a strong dawn-dusk asymmetry in the accelerating voltages required and the energy fluxes produced, resulting from the corresponding asymmetry in the current. The auroral intensities for the outer magnetosphere source are typically ~50 kR at dawn and ~5 kR at dusk, in conformity with recent auroral observations under appropriate conditions. However, those for the magnetosheath source are much smaller. When the calculated precipitating electron energy flux values are integrated across the current layer and around the open closed field line boundary, this yields total UV output powers of ~10 GW for the hot outer magnetosphere source, which also agrees with observations.
Flowering biology and pollen production of four species of the genus Rosa L.

Wild growing rose species are of great importance as a source of pollen for insects. Oil extracted from the petals of various Rosa species is used in perfumery, cosmetic industry, and therapeutics. In our study, we compared the flowering duration and flower lifespan, the number of stamens and pistils, the mass and size of pollen grains as well as the anatomical features of the petals of four Rosa species: R. canina , R. ×damascena , R. gallica , and R. rugosa . Moreover, we examined the pollen loads collected by bumblebees foraging on rose flowers in order to determine the attractiveness of pollen of this genus to insects. We showed the flower lifespan to vary (3.5–8 days) in the roses studied and revealed high variation in the number of stamens (82–260) and pistils (17–65) as well as in the mass of pollen produced. The flowers of R. rugosa produced the highest amount of pollen (26.7 mg per flower), while the flowers of R. canina the least (3.3 mg per flower), which is associated with differences in the number of stamens developed in the flowers between these species. The largest pollen grains were found in R. × damascena and R. gallica . We demonstrated that R. ×damascena produces the thickest petals and that scent-emitting papillae found on the adaxial surface of the petals differ in size and shape in the rose species investigated.
Extraction of Several Divalent Metal Picrates by 18-Crown-6 Ether Derivatives into Benzene: A Refinement of Methods for Analyzing Extraction Equilibria

Three kinds of extraction constants, K ex , K ex ± , and K ex+ , were evaluated from the improved model that the following three component-equilibria were added to a previously-proposed model for an overall extraction: M 2+ + A - ===MA + , MLA + Bz + A - Bz ===MLA 2,Bz , and A - ===A - Bz . Here, K ex , K ex ± , and K ex+ were defined as [MLA 2 ] Bz /([M 2+ ][L] Bz [A - ] 2 ), [MLA + ] Bz [A - ] Bz /([M 2+ ][L] Bz [A - ] 2 ), and [MLA + ] Bz /([M 2+ ][L] Bz [A - ]), respectively; the subscript “Bz” denotes benzene as an organic phase. The symbols correspond to M 2+ = Ca 2+ and Pb 2+ , L = 18-crown-6 ether (18C6) and dibenzo-18C6 (DB18C6), and A - = picrate ion. The ion-pair formation constant for M 2+ + A - ===MA + at M 2+ = Pb 2+ in an aqueous phase was also determined at 298 K and ionic strength of zero by an extraction of HA into 1,2-dichloroethane and Bz with the presence of Pb 2+ in the aqueous phase. The K ex values re-evaluated from the present model were in agreement with those determined by the previous extraction model. Individual distribution constants of A - into Bz were almost constant irrespective of kinds of M 2+ and L employed. Furthermore, the composition-determination method of the ion pairs, MLA 2 , extracted into Bz was re-examined. Similar analyses were performed in the SrA 2 -, BaA 2 -18C6, and SrA 2 -DB18C6 systems without considering the formation of MA + in the aqueous phases.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Recent Work Title Effects of Combustor Geometry on the Flowfields and Flame Properties of Low-Swirl Injector Permalink

The Low-swirl injector (LSI) is a novel dry-low NOx combustion method that is being developed for gas t urbines to burn a variety of gaseous fuels including natural g as, low-Btu fuels, syngases and hydrogen. Its basic principle i s described by a top level analytical model that relates the fl ame position to the flowfield similarity parameters and the turb lent flame speed correlation. The model was based on experimen tal measurements in open laboratory flames. It has been us ful for guiding hardware development. As the LSI is being a dapted to different engine configurations, one open question is how the combustor geometry and size affect its basic operat ing principle. The objective of this paper is to invest iga e these effects by conducting Particle Image Velocimetry (P IV) measurements in open and enclosed flames produced b y a 6.35 cm diameter LSI using two quartz cylinders of 15.5 and 20 cm diameter to simulate the combustor casing. Results from 18 methane-air flames show that the enclosures do not alter the flame properties or the nearfield flow structures. The differences occur mostly in the farfield where the tighter enclosure deters the formation of a weak recirculat ion zone. The enclosure effects on hydrogen and hydrogen-meth an flames were studies using the 20 cm cylinder. The r esults show that the outer recirculation zone generated at the corner of the dump plane promotes the formation of attached flame s. However, the properties and nearfield flow features of the attached flames are similar to those of the lifted flames. At higher stoichiometries, the attached flame collapse s to form a compact disc shaped flame that has very different f lowfield structures. These results show that the enclosure e ffects on the LSI are strongly coupled to the fuel type and dump plane geometry but are less dependent on the enclosure si ze. These observations will provide the basis for developing computational methods that can be used as design to ols f r