Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of clean development mechanism projects on human resource management practices in Brazil

Purpose The clean development mechanism (CDM) project is a cost-effective instrument to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and to transfer technology and capital from industrialized to developing countries. HRM practices are important sustainable development co-benefits of CDM projects and Brazil is the third largest CDM project developer in the world. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the HRM practices declared by Brazilian CDM projects and how these practices have been, in fact, implemented by the proponents of these projects. Design/methodology/approach A mixed methodology was developed, based especially on qualitative and quantitative methods, in the Brazilian context. Findings The authors found that CDM activities are improving recruitment, human resource participation and training practices in Brazilian companies, influencing the integration of environmental management into HRM practices – green HRM. In addition, the study presents hints of interesting avenues to explore in further studies. For example, why is it that some organizations are able to change the routines associated with organizational learning and/or culture while others are not. Originality/value The overall results suggested that there is further potential within GHG emissions reduction projects to improve green HRM.
Influence of the convection electric field models on predicted plasmapause positions during magnetic storms

In the present work, we determine how three well documented models of the magnetospheric electric field, and two different mechanisms proposed for the formation of the plasmapause influence the radial distance, the shape and the evolution of the plasmapause during the geomagnetic storms of 28 October 2001 and of 17 April 2002. The convection electric field models considered are: McIlwain's E5D electric field model, Volland-Stern's model, and Weimer's statistical model compiled from low-Earth orbit satellite data. The mechanisms for the formation of the plasmapause to be tested are: (1) the MHD theory where the plasmapause should correspond to the last-closed-equipotential (LCE) or last-closed-streamline (LCS), if the E-field distribution is stationary or timedependent respectively; (2) the interchange mechanism where the plasmapause corresponds to streamlines tangent to a Zero-Parallel-Force surface where the field-aligned plasma distribution becomes convectively unstable during enhancements of the E-field intensity in the nightside local time sector. The results of the different time dependent simulations are compared with concomitant EUV/IMAGE observations when available. The plasmatails or plumes observed after both selected geomagnetic storms are predicted in all simulations and for all E-field models. However, their shapes are quite different depending on the E-field models and the mechanisms that are used. Despite the partial success of the simulations to reproduce plumes during magnetic storms and substorms, there remains a long way to go before the detailed structures observed in the EUV observations during periods of geomagnetic activity can be accounted for very precisely by the existing E-field models. Furthermore, it cannot be excluded that the mechanisms currently identified to explain the formation of "Carpenter's knee'' during substorm events, will have to be revised or complemented in the cases of geomagnetic storms.
Hybridization of Layered Iron Hydroxide Nanoclays and Conducting Polymer for Controlled Oxygen Scavenger

We suggest green rust (GR), one of layered nanoclays, as a potential oxygen scavenger. In order to achieve controlled oxygen scavenging ability, GRs were prepared with either sulfate or conducting polymer. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that both GRs had hydrotalcite phase with slight differences in crystallinity upon anion type. X-ray adsorption spectra (XAS) indicated that the local structure of both GRs were similar regardless of the type of anion. On the other hand, zeta-potential values of GRs were different from each other according to the type of anion; GR with sulfate showed positive charge and GR with conducting polymer had slight negative charge due to the homogeneous hybridization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also suggested that the hybridization of conducting polymer and GR was fairly homogenous without the formation of phase segregation or serious aggregation. According to the oxygen-scavenging activity test, GR with conducting polymer showed a retarded oxygen-scavenging rate compared with GR with sulfate due to protection and controlled oxidation-reduction by hybridized polymer. The current results suggested that the hybridization of nanoclay with conducting polymer could be utilized in long-term oxygen scavenging applications with a controlled oxidation-reduction reaction.
Lipid content and cryotolerance of in vitro-produced bovine embryos treated with forskolin before vitrification.

Meneghel M. , Dall’Acqua P.C. , Ambrogi M. , Leão B.C.S. , Rocha-Frigoni N.A. S. & Mingoti G.Z. 2017. Lipid content and cryotolerance of in vitro-produced bovine embryos treated with forskolin before vitrification. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(4):395400. Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, Dona Amélia, Araçatuba, SP 16050-680, Brazil. E-mail: gmingoti@fmva.unesp. br The aim of the present study was to evaluate the intracytoplasmic lipid content, development and cryotolerance of in vitro-produced bovine embryos treated with different concentrations of forskolin before vitrification. Embryos were produced from abattoir-derived ovaries and allocated into four groups. In the treatment groups, forskolin was added to the in vitro culture medium on Day 6 and incubated for 24 hours in one of the following concentrations: 2.5μM (Forsk 2.5 group), 5.0μM (Forsk 5.0 group) or 10.0μM (Forsk 10.0 group). Embryos from the control group were cultured without forskolin. On Day 7 of culture, the expanded blastocysts were stained with the lipophilic dye Sudan Black B for determination of the intracytoplasmic lipid content or were cryopreserved via the Vitri-Ingá® procedure. Although there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the blastocyst rates between the Control group (44.9%) and the other treatments, the embryo production was lower (P<0.05) in Forsk 10.0 group (38.8%) compared to Forsk 2.5 (50.5%) and Forsk 5.0 (54.7%) groups. The intracytoplasmic lipid content (expressed in arbitrary units of pixels) in blastocysts from the Control group (1.00±0.03) was similar (P>0.05) to that found in Forsk 2.5 (0.92±0.03) and Forsk 10.0 groups (1.06±0.03) groups; however the lipid accumulation in blastocysts from Forsk 5.0 group (0.82±0.04) was lower than in the Control group (P<0.05). Based on these results, Forsk 5.0 treatment was tested for cryotolerance and it was observed that the blastocoel re-expansion rate evaluated 24 hours after warming was greater (P<0.05) in Forsk 5.0 group (72.2%) compared to the Control group (46.2%). In conclusion, pre-treatment with forskolin at a concentration of 5.0 μM for 24 hours before vitrification is effective in reducing the intracytoplasmic lipid content and, consequently, improves cryotolerance of IVP bovine embryos.
Nutrient Dynamics of Soil Derived from Different Parent Material on Barro Colorado Island, Panama 1

I compared the concentrations of N, P, and S in both litter and mineral soil (0–15 cm depth) from three old‐growth, tropical moist forests on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. Each site was on a different substrate (i.e., parent material), but otherwise had similar climate, vegetation, and topography. There were no site differences in concentrations of N and S for either litter or soil. Concentrations of litter P and soil‐extractable P were greater for the andesite (igneous rock) site than for two sites on different sedimentary rocks; however, concentrations of several other litter and soil P fractions did not differ among sites. Patterns in soil P fractions suggested advanced soil development to the point that parent material has little control of P dynamics. Litter samples from each site, leached in the laboratory, released similar amounts of N, P, and S to the soil, indicating no differences in rates of turnover in the litter and in fluxes from litter into the mineral soil among sites. I expected more site differences in soil nutrient dynamics given vastly different parent materials and soil types (i.e., Oxisol vs. Alfisol) and very shallow soil on BCI that brings the parent material close to the plant root zone. Erosion and soil mixing may explain the uniformity in soil nutrient dynamics across the sites.
Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enteric Pathogens in Dhahira Region, Oman

Background: We reviewed the monthly laboratory surveillance reports and hospital laboratory database in Dhahira region, Oman. Methods: All patients for whom a stool sample examination request was made from 1 st January 2002 to 31 st December 2006 (5 years) were included in the study. Antimicrobial resistance pattern was studied for 2 years period. The cultures were done using standard laboratory procedures and antibiotic sensitivity by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Of the 85,210 stool samples examined, 18% showed positive result for one or more parasitic infection. The most common were E. hystolytica (7.1%), Giardia (7.9%) and E. coli (1.9%). A total of 7,830 cultures were done, among them 11.4% showed positive result for bacterial pathogen. The most common were Salmonella (5.8%) and Shigella species (4.4%). The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of 265 bacterial pathogens were analyzed. Of the Shigella strains, 71.8% were resistant to trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (SXT) and 39.4% to ampicillin and 32.4% to tetracycline. Salmonella and E. coli strains were frequently resistant to ampicillin (12.5% and 47.7%, respectively) Conclusion: This study provides important information on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of enteric pathogens in Dhahira region population. SXT, ampicillin, and tetracycline are the drugs commonly associated with resistance.
Immature embryo rescue of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L) after an extended period of seed trace culture

In this work the effect of time on in vitro culture of seed traces is evaluated. Without changing media, there was no decline in the number of rescued embryos for any cross within and up to 210 d of culture. After that period a decline was shown for varieties producing abundant callus from the external tegument. Direct germination of embryos increased in all crosses except for Blush Seedless x 73049, which stopped direct germination after 90 d. The polyembryony was advantageous for the cross Superior Seedless x Dawn Seedless, because it increased the percentage of normal plantlets. Multiple embryos showed a higher capacity to germinate in all cases. More embryos were obtained by excision and they presented a higher percentage of normal plantlets in comparison to plantlets obtained by embryos germinated directly. Embryos from the varieties Ruby Seedless, Blush Seedless and Bronx Seedless mainly produced normal plantlets while Crimson Seedless, Superior Seedless and Fantasy Seedless embryos mostly produced abnormal plantlets.
Why Butterflies Don’t Leave: Locational Behavior of Entrepreneurial Firms

Abstract Entrepreneurship is an important process in regional economic development. Especially the growth of new firms is of major significance to the commercialization of new ideas and employment growth. These growing new firms are transforming structurally like caterpillars turning into butterflies. However, like butterflies, they are at risk of leaving their region of origin for better places. This article analyzes how and why the spatial organization of firms develops subsequent to their start-up. A new conceptual framework and an empirical study of the life course of entrepreneurial firms are used to construct a theory on the firms’ locational behavior that explains that behavior as the outcome of a process of initiatives by entrepreneurs, enabled and constrained by resources, capabilities, and relations with stakeholders within and outside the firms. The study shows that entrepreneurs decide whether to move their firms outside their region of origin for different reasons in distinct phases of the firms’ life course. Being embedded in social networks, for example, is an important constraint on locational behavior during the early life course of a firm, but over time it becomes less important, and other mechanisms, such as sunk costs, increasingly determine a firm’s locational behavior. The development of spatial organization is also of major importance: when a multilocational spatial organization has been realized, it is much easier to move the headquarters to another region. The spatial organization of entrepreneurial firms co-evolves with the accumulation of the firms’ capabilities. A developmental approach that incorporates evolutionary mechanisms and recognizes human agency provides new insights into the age-old study of the location of firms.
Networks of Value‐Added Trade

Global Value Chains (GVCs) became the paradigm for the production of most goods and services around the world. Therefore, linkages among countries can no longer be adequately assessed through standard bilateral gross trade flows and new methods of analysis are needed. In this paper, we apply visualisation tools and measures of network analysis on value-added trade flows in order to understand the nature and dynamics of GVCs. The paper uses data on the bilateral foreign value added in exports from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) for the period 1995-2011 and, in each period, the GVC is represented as a directed network of nodes (countries) and edges (value added flows). The analysis is extended beyond total trade flows with a view to discussing the distinct roles of goods and services in GVCs. Moreover, the differences between Germany, the US, China and Russia as major suppliers of value added in GVCs are also examined.
Reactions to gap emergence: Norway spruce increases growth while European beech features horizontal space occupation – evidence by repeated 3D TLS measurements

The reach of different tree species’ crowns and the velocity of gap closure during the occupation of canopy gaps resulting from mortality and thinning during stand development determine species-specific competition and productivity within forest stands. However, classical dendrometric methods are rather inaccurate or even incapable of timeand cost-effectively measuring 3D tree structure, crown dynamics and space occupation non-destructively. Therefore, we applied terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) in order to measure the structural dynamics at tree and stand level from gap cutting in 2006 until 2012 in pure and mixed stands of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). In conclusion, our results suggest that Norway spruce invests newly available above-ground resources primarily into DBH as well as biomass growth and indicate a stronger resilience against loss of crown mass induced by mechanical damage. European beech showed a vastly different reaction, investing gains from additional above-ground resources primarily into faster occupation of canopy space. Whether our sample trees were located in pure or mixed groups around the gaps had no significant impact on their behavior during the years after gap cutting.
China and Central & Eastern European Countries: Regional Networks, Global Supply Chain or International Competitors?

China has emerged as one of the top recipients of foreign direct investment in the world. Meanwhile, the successful transition experience of many Central and Eastern European countries has also allowed them to attract an increasing share of global foreign direct investment. In this paper, the authors use a panel data set to investigate whether foreign direct investment flows to these two regions are complements, substitutes, or independent of each other. Taking into account the role of host country characteristics - such as market size, degree of trade liberalization, and human capital - the authors find no evidence that foreign direct investment flows to one region are at the expense of those to the other. Instead, the results suggest that foreign direct investment flows are driven by distinct regional production networks (and thus are largely independent of each other) and the development of global supply chains (indicating that foreign direct investment flows are complementary).
Evaluation of the relation of antioxidant enzymes activity with droughttolerance in vegetative and reproductive growth stages

In order to evaluation of high yielding and high tolerance genotypes of wheat and activity relation of some antioxidant enzymes with drought tolerance in wheat genotypes, 10 wheat genotypes were cultured in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications under two condition of complete irrigation and drought tolerance in Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil. The results of morphological study in this research indicate a high diversity of studied genotypes which high genetic diversity in different corrective actions (classic and traditional) can be useful. Drought stress decreased all traits, especially seed yield and number of fertile tillers. Based on the results of mean comparison and sensibility and drought tolerance indexes of genotypes 2 (C-80-4), 3 (Bloudan/3/Bb/7C*2//Y50E/3*Kal/4/MV17) and 4 (Yan7578 128/4 /Chil/24*Star) chosen as high yielding and high tolerance genotypes. In drought stress conditions, grain yield indicated significant correlation with grain weight per spike, days to flowering, days to maturity, seed weight, harvest index and STI, GMP and MP indexes and also showed negative and significant correlation with non-fertile tiller number, biological yield and sensibility indexes of TOL and SSL. In normal conditions, yield showed positive and significant correlation with its components and indexes STI and GMP, but did not show significant correlation with index trait. The interaction of stages (vegetative and reproductive) was significant at the level of 1% for the enzyme activity of Catalase, Ascorbate peroxidase and Superoxide Dismutase. There was also a significant difference at level of 1% between genotypes in terms of three enzymes activity. There was significant difference at the level of 1% between the interaction of stages in the genotype in terms of enzymes activity of ascorbate peroxides and superoxide dismutase. The enzyme activity of Catalase and superoxide dismutase increased in the reproductive stage than vegetative stage. According to results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis, second group include genotypes 2 (C-80-4), 3 (Bloudan/3/Bb/7C*2//Y50E/3*Kal/4/MV17) and 4 (Yan7578 128/4 /Chil/24*Star) which was more valuable in terms of all traits that evaluated except enzyme activity of catalase and ascorbate and were in the first rank in terms of yield in stress and normal conditions and stress tolerance and were recognized as a superior group.
Factors affecting construction cost performance in project management projects: Case of MARA large projects

Aim of Study This study has focused on investigating procurement strategies adopted in MARA large construction projects. It also identified various factor affecting construction cost performance of MARA large construction projects. Need of Study Very rarely MARA projects are finished within estimated project cost. For improving cost performance, it is very important to identify the reasons affecting cost performance of MARA projects. Hence, there is a need of study in understanding the reasons and factors affecting project cost performance of construction projects. Research Approach The project was carried out through interviews and survey using the questionnaire among the personnel involved in handling MARA large projects. Gathered data was analyzed statistically using SPSS software package. Research Findings This study revealed that fluctuation in price of the material, cash flow and financial difficulties faced by contractors, shortage of site workers, lack of communication between parties, incorrect planning and scheduling by contractors are most severe factors while frequent design changes and owner interference are least affecting factors on construction cost performance in MARA large projects. Limitations This study was limited to large construction projects administrated by Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA) Malaysia. Importance and Contribution This study has highlighted various issues causing poor project performance in MARA large projects. Ranking of the factors will enable the MARA engineers for taking appropriate actions in improving the performance of cost in construction projects.
Population dynamics of corn flea beetle and four- spotted leaf beetle on different maize cultivars at Peshawar

The present study aimed to record population dynamics of corn flea beetle and four-spotted leaf beetle on different maize cultivars at Peshawar was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm (ARF), The University of Agriculture, Peshawar (UAP), Pakistan during 2015. Seven maize cultivars, namely Azam, Jalal, Babar, Pahari, Iqbal, Climax 3055 and Climax 30M62 were tested. The overall mean density of corn flea beetle and four-spotted leaf beetle were found statistically non-significant on the seven tested maize cultivars. However, the overall mean density of corn flea beetle was recorded higher (2.26 beetle leaf -1 ) on Pahari cultivar and lower (2.10 beetle leaf -1 ) on Climax 30M62. Overall mean density of four-spotted leaf beetle was found maximum (1.23 beetle plant -1 ) each on Pahari and Azam and lower (0.99 beetles plant -1 ) on C-3055. On the basis of lower incidence of insect pests, all of the seven tested maize cultivars are recommended for cultivation during spring season at Peshawar.
Stereotypes and Prejudices in HR Industry in Romania

In this paper we aimed to reveal the effects of the crisis in HR area, the stereotypes and prejudicesclients have about Romanian HR companies, training programs and trainers and the ideal profile ofa trainer. The effects of the crisis in HR are: the stagnation of the number of clients in thecompany’s portfolio, the decreasing in the number of contracted training, the decreasing of thetraining prices and project-based contracts with trainers instead of permanent job contracts. Wefind that two important features a trainer should have are connected with the age of the trainer andpersonality traits. A good trainer is expected to have an age between 30 and 50 years and a pleasantpersonality. Most of the correlations obtained between stereotypes and prejudices are positive.Almost all items correlated with the others. Demographic data correlated also with items.Respondent’s education correlates positively with the number of the training classes attended andstereotypes on trainer’s age. The more educated the respondent is, the more likely is to haveattended a greater number of trainings and tend to prefer mature trainer to young trainer (under 30years old). The more mature respondents tend to prefer foreign trainers and mature trainers. Age ofthe respondent and trainer’s country of provenience and age are positively correlated.