Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity in rosewood saplings (Aniba rosaeodora ducke, Lauraceae): an ecological approach

This article takes an ecological approach to the genetic diversity of Rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora Ducke) in a central Amazonian terra firme forest north of Manaus. Planted Rosewood setting, under partial shaded canopy, were assessed in terms of fruiting production, frugivory, and seed dispersal. Using RAPD molecular analysis procedures, the influence of the spatial distribution of adult trees on the genetic diversity (polymorphism) of saplings was assessed with genetic samples from 34 reproductive trees and 60 saplings. The density and distribution patterns the reproductive trees did not modify the sapling"s diversity (1.86%, AMOVA). Two types of adult tree dispersion were identified; i) clumped and ii) more widely dispersed. Polymorphism (77.5%) and gene flow were high between these. Although more sapling genetic variability in areas with a higher density of mature plants was not as high as expected, density did not affect the genetic diversity of samplings, indicating a high incidence of gene flow amongst trees. In planted Rosewood population (surrounded by low disturbed forest), fruiting trees experienced a high level of removal of seeds by toucans (Rhamphastidae), about of 50%. The high gene flow found among native trees suggested that toucans, promoting seed rain at short and long distances from maternal trees, actively contribute to the maintenance of genetic diversity within wild rosewood populations.
Factors Impacting Youth Development in Haiti

Of the 1.6 million Haitian youth aged 15-24, only 13 percent are content with their lives. More than half of 20-year-olds have not completed secondary education and nearly half of youth in the labor market are unemployed. This paper investigates protective and risk factors predisposing youth to positive and negative behaviors. These factors, including poverty, gender, education, labor market, migration, family, health, and violence, are examined by using statistics and probability models based on Haiti's first household living conditions survey. Key findings show that female youth need special attention because they are more likely than their male peers to drop out of school and to be unemployed or inactive. Role models, guidance, expectations, and contacts in the form of parents or household heads are decisive factors in keeping youth in school, and to some extent, in their finding employment. In addition, domestic migration has a negative impact on the probability of being unemployed or inactive (positive self-selection), while marriage, drug abuse, and domestic violence increase the probability of dropping out of school.
Evaluation of the Diurnal Intraocular Pressure Fluctuations and Blood Pressure under Dehydration Due to Fasting

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the diurnal intraocular pressure fluctuations under dehydration conditions and the relationship between the intraocular pressure fluctuations and blood pressure. Methods: The intraocular pressures (IOP), body weights, as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP, DBP) of 36 fasting healthy volunteers were recorded at 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. in the Ramadan of 2014 and two weeks after it. The data were analyzed using paired Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: As the results demonstrated, the mean diurnal IOP differences of IOP, SBP, DBP, and weight were 2.67±1.33 mmHg, 9.44±8.02 mmHg, 3.33±5.94 mmHg, and 0.90±0.46 kg during the fasting period, respectively. In addition, the mean diurnal IOP differences of IOP, SBP, DBP, and weight were -0.33±1.4 mmHg (P=0.001), 0.55±7.25mmHg (P=0.003), -3.33±5.94 mmHg (P=0.001), and 0.12±0.45 kg (P=0.001) during the control period, respectively. There was a moderate correlation between the diurnal IOP and SBP differences (r=0.517, P=0.028). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the current study, the total fluid volume might have a more dominant effect on IOP peaks than the sympathetic system activity. Furthermore, the SBP was found to correlate with the IOP.
Direct evidence of differences in magnetic rotation rate between Saturn's northern and southern polar regions

[1] The discovery of a difference in apparent rotation rate between Saturn kilometric radio emission from northern and southern hemispheres leads immediately to the question of whether there is a counterpart detectable in the Saturnian magnetic field. We report direct detection of a difference in the rotating magnetic signal measured by the Cassini spacecraft magnetometer consistent with that seen in the radio signals. Theoretical consequences of the direct detection are discussed.
Toward the excited isoscalar meson spectrum from lattice QCD

We report on the extraction of an excited spectrum of isoscalar mesons using lattice QCD. Calculations on several lattice volumes are performed with a range of light quark masses corresponding to pion masses down to about ~400 MeV. The distillation method enables us to evaluate the required disconnected contributions with high statistical precision for a large number of meson interpolating fields. We find relatively little mixing between light and strange in most JPC channels; one notable exception is the pseudoscalar sector where the approximate SU(3)F octet, singlet structure of the η, η' is reproduced. We extract exotic JPC states, identified as hybrid mesons in which an excited gluonic field is coupled to a color-octet qqbar pair, along with non-exotic hybrid mesons embedded in a qq¯-like spectrum.
Toxicity of aqueous fullerene nC 60 to activated sludge: nitrification inhibition and microtox test

The increasing production and use of fullerene nanomaterials raised their exposure potential to the activated sludge during biological wastewater treatment process. In this study, the toxicity of aqueous nanoscaled C60 (nC60) to activated sludge was investigated using nitrification inhibition and Microtox test. The test solutions of nC60 were prepared using two methods: long stirring (Stir/nC60) and toluene exchange (Tol/nC60). The nC60 aggregation in test medium was also evaluated for toxicity assessment. The results showed that the nC60 aggregation behaved differently in two test mediums during the incubation periods. The nC60 toxicity was greatly influenced by the preparation method. Stir/nC60 presented no significant toxicity to both the nitrification sludge and bioluminescent bacteria at the maximum concentration studied. In contrast, the EC20 of Tol/nC60 was obtained to be 4.89mg/L (3 h) for the nitrification inhibition and 3.44 mg/L (30min) for Microtox test, respectively.
Population dynamics and akinete formation of an invasive and a native cyanobacterium in temperate lakes

Most cyanobacteria of the order Nostocales in the temperate zone survive winters in the sediment as akinetes. The present study compared seasonal population dynamics and the formation of akinetes of the invasive cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii with the native species Aphanizomenon gracile in three German lakes. The effect of light, temperature and growth rate on akinete formation was investigated in the field over a 3-year period and additionally in a culture study with nine different C. raciborskii and A. gracile strains. The results of the field study showed, for both species, a strong negative correlation between akinete formation and light and temperature, and a weaker negative correlation between akinete formation and the net growth rate of the populations. Akinete formation of the isolates was mainly affected by temperature and not by light intensity. The investigation of the seasonal population dynamics showed that the growth period of C. raciborskii in the pelagic zone was on average 64 days shorter compared with A. gracile. However, the amount of akinetes produced by C. raciborskii during 1 year was, in more than half of the cases, similar or higher than that produced by native A. gracile. The ratio of akinetes to total cell number was significantly higher for C. raciborskii compared with A. gracile, 9 and 2%, respectively. Therefore, we conclude that C. raciborskii populations in temperate lakes have a similar potential for an akinete-based life cycle performance as do the native A. gracile populations.
The Prevalence of Depression and Its Associated Factors among Students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences In 2012

Background: Depression is one of the mental disorders which have become a public health problem throughout of the world. The objective of this study was to investigate depression and to determine its correlated factors among students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS). Methods: 358 students of SUMS participated in this crosssectional study in 2012. The participants were selected by Proportion Partition sampling method. A two-part questionnaire was used as the data collecting tool. In the first part, demographic characteristics and in the second part the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were included. Results: Mean score of depression in the studied population was 10.98. More than half of all the participants (54.7%) were symptomless; 41% of them were in the weak to moderate depression categories, and 4.2% in the strong and very strong categories. The data showed a significant relationship between scores of depression and marital status, academic grade, field content of study, use of psychoactive drugs, job outlook, problem with marriage and religious commitments. The depression scores in the married, religious and postgraduate participants and in those participants with course pleasure and excellent career perspective were lower than those in the other groups. Conclusion: Taking measures to reduce the factors leading to mental disorders is recommended. The involvement of students in socio-cultural, recreational and sport activities, reinforcement of consultation and clinical psychological services, and promotion of religious beliefs are instrumental in the enhancement of moral values and amelioration of depression among university students.
Expectation formation functions and price dynamics: an application to the U.S. hog market

This paper explores the dynamics of the U.S. hog market with three different dynamic models that are distinguished only by their assumptions with regard to the market participants’ expectations of future prices. The first model assumes that all the producers in the market have rational expectations. The second model assumes that a constant fraction of the producers have static expectations. The third model, the main focus of the paper, assumes producers choose either rational expectations or static expectations every year based on the past performances of the two different types of expectations. Empirical tests such as log-likelihood ratio type specification tests of GMM estimations and onestep ahead forecasts with the annual data covering 1945-2007 indicate that the third model best captures the movements of the price and quantity data in the hog market, even though the empirical value added by the third model over the second is not great. Simulation experiments using estimated parameter values illustrate that the market will reach a steady state in the framework of the first and the second model if external shocks are zero. In contrast, in the framework of the third model, the market does not reache a steady state but generates cycling movements of the price. If the intensity of choice is increased, the price dynamics can be even chaotic.
Vegetative zonation patterns in depression and riparian wetlands of the Sanjiang Plain, Northeastern China.

The vegetation of depressional and riparian wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeastern China was studied to describe their vegetation composition and to quantify community differences. Reciprocal transplants were performed to test the importance of biotic factors in governing zonation. One hundred and seventy-two (172) sampling plots in depression and riparian wetland was used. Samples were classified in 9 groups at the fourth level using two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN): Four marsh communities, one meadow marsh community, one wet meadow community, two swamp communities and one island forest community. The TWINSPAN groups could be recognized in the detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) graph. DCA ordination indicated a wetness gradient associated with altitude. The species turnover between communities were rather high (similarity index less than 0.40), and this indicated that the corresponding habitats heterogeneity increased gradually. Three transplanted species showed different effects of biomass production among vegetation zones. The greatest transplant effect occurred for Carex lasiocarpa , followed by Calamagrostis angustifolia, with the least effect for Carex appendiculata . This study provides evidence that hydrologic gradients and biotic factors commonly determine the spatial pattern of wetland plant communities. This should therefore be considered in future management and protection under the circumstance of climate change and human activities. Key words : Vegetation classification, ordination, community similarity, depression and riparian wetlands, Sanjiang Plain.
Deposition of mimics of planktonic invertebrate larvae on simple and complex substrata in flume flows

The purpose of this study was to compare the distribution of inert part~cles on polyvinylchloride (PVC) panels with earlier results from field studies. The panels were prepared in order to test heterogeneity (crevices similar in shape, but differing in size) and complexity (combination of crevices of different sizes) effects. The experiments were carried out using PVC particles and preserved Placopecten magellanjcus larvae in a flume under controlled flow conditions (mean velocities of 3, 5 and 10 cm S-') and using silicon-coated panels. The heterogeneous panels had different comblnations of flat surfaces and 1, 10 and 100 mm crevices. The density of particles per unit surface area adhering to the panels was higher at 3 and 5 cm S-' than at 10 cm S ' for all experiments. The density of adhering particles decreased with increasing panel complexity. Within panels with only 1 mm crevices, the density of particles was significantly higher inside the crevices than on smooth surfaces. However the density of particles was significantly lower in 10 and 100 mm crevices than on adjacent flat surfaces within panels with only 10 and l00 mm crevices, respectively. Furthermore, the 1 and 10 mm crevices nested inside 100 mm crevices collected fewer particles than those outside 100 mm crevices within panels with many scales of crevices. The patterns of distribution for dead larvae on heterogeneous panels in the flume corresponded to those of the inert PVC particles. However, the distribution patterns of inert particles in the flume did not correspond to those of living bivalve spat observed in an earlier fleld study. This suggests that larval behaviour contributed to the selection of settlement location for these bivalve larvae, though flume hydrodynamical conditions may differ from those in the field The results also indicate that the hydrodynamic processes affecting settlement on heterogeneous substrates are scale-dependent and that processes occurring at scales of 10 and 100 mm influence processes occurring at smaller, 1 mm, scales.
COMPARING PRACTICAL THEOLOGY ACROSS RELIGIONS AND DENOMINATIONS

While significant research has examined congregational involvement in providing for those in need, few studies have looked at the denominational theology that informs these initiatives or influences the non-profit systems created to provide them. Drawing on research from the Faith and Organizations project, a national research/practice initiative designed to explore the relationship between religions and faith based organizations, we compare the practical theology behind stewardship of social welfare and educational programs in Catholic, Mainline Protestant, Evangelical, Jewish, Quaker, and African American Christian entities. We return to older, expanded definitions of stewardship and identify three stewardship systems based on religious practical theology and outline the strengths and weaknesses of each system and offer practical suggestions for strengthening connections between faith communities and faith based organizations.
Emotional activation measured using the emotional Stroop task in early Hungarian-Serbian bilinguals from Serbia

The primary goal of this research was to examine the processing of emotionally valenced and neutral words in the context of bilingualism. The objective was to find out, using an experimental measure of automatic emotional activation, if there were differences in response time in the first and the second language, Hungarian and Serbian respectively. The sample consisted of early Hungarian-Serbian bilinguals, assimilated into the Serbian majority culture.The emotional Stroop task is an experimental paradigm, which has been adapted to measure bilingual population in the past few years. The emotional Stroop interference could be counted from response time latencies, which is usually an effect showing longer responses to negative vs. neutral information.Hungarian and Serbian negatively, positively and neutrally valenced words were used in the research. Our hypothesis was that there would be a similar emotional activation in the first and the second language and that negative words would be processed the longes.
Simulating the impact of glaciations on continental groundwater flow systems: 1. Relevant processes and model formulation

[1] In the recent literature, it has been shown that Pleistocene glaciations had a large impact on North American regional groundwater flow systems. Because of the myriad of complex processes and large spatial scales involved during periods of glaciation, numerical models have become powerful tools to examine how ice sheets control subsurface flow systems. In this paper, the key processes that must be represented in a continental-scale 3-D numerical model of groundwater flow during a glaciation are reviewed, including subglacial infiltration, density-dependent (i.e., high-salinity) groundwater flow, permafrost evolution, isostasy, sea level changes, and ice sheet loading. One-dimensional hydromechanical coupling associated with ice loading and brine generation were included in the numerical model HydroGeoSphere and tested against newly developed exact analytical solutions to verify their implementation. Other processes such as subglacial infiltration, permafrost evolution, and isostasy were explicitly added to HydroGeoSphere. A specified flux constrained by the ice sheet thickness was found to be the most appropriate boundary condition in the subglacial environment. For the permafrost, frozen and unfrozen elements can be selected at every time step with specified hydraulic conductivities. For the isostatic adjustment, the elevations of all the grid nodes in each vertical grid column below the ice sheet are adjusted uniformly to account for the Earth's crust depression and rebound. In a companion paper, the model is applied to the Wisconsinian glaciation over the Canadian landscape in order to illustrate the concepts developed in this paper and to better understand the impact of glaciation on 3-D continental groundwater flow systems.
Visualizing biological data in museums: Visitor learning with an interactive tree of life exhibit

In this study, we investigate museum visitor learning and engagement at an interactive visualization of an evolutionary tree of life consisting of over 70,000 species. The study was conducted at two natural history museums where visitors collaboratively explored the tree of life using direct touch gestures on a multi-touch tabletop display. In the study, 247 youth, aged 8–15 years, were randomly assigned in pairs to one of four conditions. In two of the conditions, pairs of youth interacted with different versions of the tree of life tabletop exhibit for a fixed duration of 10 minutes. In a third condition, pairs watched a 10 minute video on a similar topic. Individual responses on a 53-item exit interview were then compared to responses from a fourth, baseline condition. Contrasting with the baseline condition, visitors who interacted with the tabletop exhibits were significantly more likely to reason correctly about core evolutionary concepts, particularly common descent and shared ancestry. They were also more likely to correctly interpret phylogenetic tree diagrams. To investigate the factors influencing these learning outcomes, we used linear mixed models to analyze measures of dyads’ verbal engagement and physical interaction with the exhibit. These models indicated that, while our verbal and physical measures were related, they accounted for significant portions of the variance on their own, independent of youth age, prior knowledge, and parental background. Our results provide evidence that multi-touch interactive exhibits that enable visitors to explore large scientific datasets can provide engaging and effective learning opportunities. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 53: 895–918, 2016
Introducing slag powder as drag reduction agent in pipeline: An experimental approach

Main by product in ore smelting from tin production in Malaysia has become a trigger for this investigation. Slag waste can be categorized as suspended solid. Utilization of this waste in fluid transportation can reduce the pressure drop in pipelines. Experimental works had conducted in order to test slag waste in a closed loop of turbulence water flowing system with water and fuel as the transport liquid. The procedures start by pumping liquid suspended solid combination from reservoir tank with varies flow rates into two different pipe diameters (0.0127 m ID and 0.038 m D.I). The types of pipe used are PVC pipe. The testing length of this flow system is 2.0 m. The pressure drop and drag reduction were measured in varied addition concentration. The results have show percentage drag reduction (Dr%) is over 60% in certain range and condition. It is proved that slag is a potential DRA.
Ubiquitin ligase E 6 AP mediates nonproteolytic polyubiquitylation of b-catenin independent of the E 6 oncoprotein

Received 14 June 2016 Accepted 4 October 2016 Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel Research Division, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia Division of Systems Biology and Personalized Medicine, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia