Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Second-Language Development ofVariable Future-Time Expression in Spanish

Research on second-language (L2) variation in Spanish has grown considerably in recent years (see Geeslin, 2011 for overview). One issue that has received attention is the variable use of morphosyntactic structures among advanced non-native speakers (NSSs) (e.g., Geeslin & Gudmestad, 2010). This research is important because linguistic phenomena that vary according to linguistic and social contexts are acquired late, so a comprehensive theory of L2 acquisition must account for these later phases of development. Additionally, variationist approaches to second language acquisition (SLA) have contributed to our understanding of how interlanguage evolves. Documenting the developmental stages of grammatical structures for classroom learners (e.g., Gudmestad, 2012) and tracing the acquisition of geographic variants during a study-abroad experience (e.g., Geeslin, Garcia-Amaya, Hasler-Baker, Henriksen, & Killam, 2012) are two overarching advances. Despite the wealth of emerging knowledge about L2 variation, many unanswered questions remain. For example, sociolinguists have demonstrated that the forms used to express future-time reference among native speakers (NSs) are constrained by social and linguistic factors (e.g., Blas Arroyo, 2008), but research on learners has only begun to explore the acquisition of these forms. Research has shown that NSs and highly advanced NNSs use a similar range of verb forms in contexts of future-time reference and that the use of these forms is related to a range of linguistic and extra-linguistic features (Geeslin & Gudmestad, 2010; Gudmestad & Geeslin, 2011). Nevertheless, to our knowledge no study has investigated the developmental process of acquiring variable future-time expression in Spanish, nor has it analyzed how several variables simultaneously impact selection of forms. Thus, building on our previous research, the goals of the current study are to explore the developmental path of acquiring variable future-time reference in Spanish by including learners at several proficiency levels and to offer predictive accounts of how multiple linguistic factors influence verb selection for NSs and learners.
Ability Grouping as a Way towards More Academic Success in Teaching EFL--A Case of Iranian Undergraduates.

This research is an attempt to find out if grouping learners, through using a placement test will significantly help students become more successful in learning English. 320 non-English major undergraduates studying at the University of Isfahan participated in this research. The final scores of 121 freshmen who attended their general English courses in homogenised classes were compared with those of 199 freshmen who did not undergo any placement procedure. The analysis of data suggested that grouping the learners and dividing them into different ability groups had a significant impact on the participants’ academic success, in their course of general English. In addition, the results suggested that ability grouping provides sufficient ground for methodological decisions and hence sequencing of teaching materials and procedures
Proactive and Committed: Characteristics for Retention

The purposes of this study are to examine the relation between proactive personality and intention to leave a career and to test a boundary condition (i.e., career commitment) in which the effect does and does not hold. Participants consist of 1,527 full-time working adults from multiple organizations in the oil and gas industry. Results reveal a negative relation between proactive personality and intentions to leave a career that is moderated by career commitment. This finding suggests that career commitment may be an increasingly important construct to examine when considering various forms of turnover.
Gender Dimensions of Food Security Status of Households in Oyo State, Nigeria

he quest for identity construction knew its apogee in the burgeoning Caribbean literature of the 1950’s, a period marked by a great tide of immigration to London and the exile of a significant number of West Indian writers. This exile generation of West Indian writers, including leading figures such as George Lamming, Samuel Selvon, Andrew Salkey, Edward Kamau Brathwaite, V.S Naipaul, was concerned with depicting their West Indian experience and dealing with issues revolving around liberty and identity.
COHESIVENESS OF FISH FARMERS GROUPS IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA

This study was carried out in Southern Nigeria to assess the cohesiveness of fish farmers; groups. Fish farmers complained about their experiences with input supplies, marketing, etc. this gave reason to investigate the cohesiveness of the Fish Farmers; Association in Southern Nigeria. Fifty members were randomly picked from each of the Fish Farmers’ Association in Lagos, Delta and Imo States which were also randomly chosen earlier on Copies of Questionnaire were administrated to collect data. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation was used to test the hypothesis. There was high cohesiveness in all the Association and satisfaction of members had an almost perfect correlation with cohesiveness of the groups some members had problems with leadership, meeting venues, time and information. It was recommended that meeting venues be located for every members’ convenience, meeting notices should be sent out early and farmers who have not subscribe to these groups be sensitized and persuaded to do so by extension agents.
Analytical characterization and numerical approximation of interior eigenvalues for impenetrable scatterers from far fields

We characterize the interior eigenvalues of a class of impenetrable, non-absorbing scattering objects from the spectra of the corresponding far field operators for a continuum of wave numbers. Our proof simplifies arguments from the original proof for Dirichlet scattering objects given in Eckmann and Pillet (1995 Commun. Math. Phys. 170 283–313) and furthermore extends to the cases of Neumann and Robin scattering objects. Further, the analytical characterization of interior eigenvalues of a scatterer can be exploited numerically. We present an algorithm that approximates interior eigenvalues from far field data without knowing the scattering object, we give several numerical examples for different scatterers and sound-hard as well as sound-soft boundary conditions, and we finally show through numerical examples that this algorithm remains stable under noise.
Diet of spring and summer spawning groups of Illex argentinus inhabiting coastal waters in San Matias Gulf (northern Patagonia, Argentina)

To study the diet of 2 coastal spawning groups of Illex argentinus, we analyzed the stomach contents of 3645 specimens (10 to 36 cm in mantle length). More than half (58%) of observed stomachs were empty. There were no differences in the prey consumed between specimens of different sex and maturity stages. Additionally, no differences were observed in the diet among individuals belonging to either the summer or spring spawning groups. The most frequent prey item was fishes (0.79 frequency of occurrence), followed by cephalopods (0.18) and lastly by crustaceans (0.09). The seasonal variation of empty stomach frequency and the mean stomach fullness revealed that squids fed more actively in spring and summer and mainly preyed upon small pelagic fishes.
Mass and metal ejection efficiency in disk galaxies driven by young stellar clusters of nuclear starburst

We present results from models of galactic winds driven by energy injected by nuclear starbursts. The total energy of the starburst is provided by young central stellar clusters and parts of the galactic interstellar medium are pushed out as part of the galactic wind (in some cases the galactic wind contains an important part of the metals produced in the new generation of stars). We have performed radiative 3D N-Body/Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics simulations of galactic winds using the GADGET-2 code. The numerical models cover a wide range of starburst (from �10 2 to �10 7 M⊙) and galactic gas masses (from �6×10 6 to �10 11 M⊙). The concentrated central starburst regions are an efficient engine for producing of the massand metal loss in galaxies, and also for driving the metal redistribution in the galaxies.
ASOHF: a new adaptive spherical overdensity halo finder

We present and test a new halo finder based on the spherical overdensity (SO) method. This new adaptive spherical overdensity halo finder (ASOHF) is able to identify dark matter haloes and their substructures (subhaloes) down to the scales allowed by the analysed simulations. The code has been especially designed for the adaptive mesh refinement cosmological codes, although it can be used as a stand-alone halo finder for N-body codes. It has been optimised for the purpose of building the merger tree of the haloes. In order to verify the viability of this new tool, we have developed a set of bed tests that allows us to estimate the performance of the finder. Finally, we apply the halo finder to a cosmological simulation and compare the results obtained to those given by other well known publicly available halo finders.
Pavlov VI: an Upper Palaeolithic living unit

Abstract This newly discovered and excavated site defines an Upper Palaeolithic activity unit consisting of a roasting pit at the centre of an area 5m across. Although the main task was the processing of two mammoths, there were numerous other wild animals in the assemblage. The occupants used flint knives, made bone tools and modelled in baked clay – on which they left their fingerprints, along with imprints of reindeer hair and textiles. Pavlov VI offers an exemplary picture of the basic living unit that made up the settlement clusters of the Gravettian people in Central Europe.
The Use of Electromagnetic Induction to Monitor Changes in Soil Moisture Profiles beneath Different Wheat Genotypes

There has been recent interest in the use of surface deployed geophysical methods to estimate soil moisture profiles. In this study we applied multi-coil, frequency domain, electromagnetic induction (EMI) geophysical surveys to determine electrical conductivity (σ) profiles of the root zone of four winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes, grown in randomized block experiment with four replicates. Field measurements of apparent electrical conductivity (σa) were obtained at sites with two different soil textures. We used the cumulative sensitivity model to predict EMI conductivity data from the conductivity profile measured with electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) on a subset of the plots we investigated. During the inversion of the EMI data, conductivities were adjusted on all plots so that they were consistent with ERT data. Changes in electrical conductivity of field soil, with depth computed from inversion of EMI data, over the growth period were compared with measured changes in soil water content. Laboratory measurements confirmed a positive correlation between electrical conductivity and soil water content. Between crop emergence and maturity water extraction by the different wheat genotypes reduced water content by up to 30 percent. Comparing changes in electrical conductivity between reference profiles determined shortly after crop emergence, with electrical conductivity profiles at later dates as the crop matured, we were able to use EMI to remotely monitor moisture extraction by the roots of different wheat genotypes, with depth and over time.
Intestinal parasites present in canine fecal samples collected in rural areas of municipalities in the Midwest of Santa Catarina, Brazil

The study of intestinal parasites that occur in dogs in rural areas of Brazil is most important since there is little data available on this subject. Dog fecal samples were collected in rural properties of some municipalities in the Midwest of the State of Santa Catarina. Fecal samples were processed and analyzed by Hoffman, Pons and Janer (HPJ) (spontaneous sedimentation) and by centrifugal flotation in sucrose solution. Positive results with the presence of at least one parasite corresponded to 56.0% of the samples, namely Ancylostoma sp. , Toxocara canis, Trichuris vulpis, Dipylidium caninum, Giardia sp. , Cryptosporidium sp. and Taenia sp. / Echinococcus sp. This data suggests that the environmental contamination of the countryside and, consequently, the infection levels of dogs in the area studied is high, thus the need for more effective public health measures. This work looks at the possible implications of these results.
Freeze Dried Acerola (Malpighia emarginata) Pulp and Pomace: Physicochemical Attributes, Phytochemical Content and Stability during Storage

In this study, acerola pulp and acerola pomace were freeze dried with and without gum Arabic (GA) and analyzed in regard to their physicochemical attributes, bioactive content, and phytochemical stability (total phenolic content, ascorbic acid, total monomeric anthocyanins and antioxidant activity), during storage at 4 o C and 25 o C. The freeze dried products were highly porous and had low water activity (0.273 to 0.300). Freeze dried acerola pulp with GA were the most soluble samples (64.1% to 73.7 %). The addition of GA to freeze dried acerola pomace increased samples hygroscopicity from 4.5% to 11.1%. High ascorbic acid retention in freeze dried acerola pulp was observed for all samples (65.2 % at 25 °C and 88.9% at 4 °C). It was observed that freeze dried acerola pomace showed increased antioxidant activity during storage (101.9% at 4 °C and 135.9% at 25 °C). Our results demonstrate the potential of freeze dried acerola pulp and pomace as novel food ingredients with concentrated phytochemical content and desirable physicochemical attributes.
Absence of the Rashba Splitting of Au(111) Surface Bands

The electronic structure of Au(111) films is studied by means of relativistic DFT calculations. It is found that the twinning of the surface bands, observed in photoemission experiment, does not necessarily correspond to the spin-splitting of the surface states caused by the break of the inversion symmetry at the surface. The twinning of the bands of clean Au(111) films can be obtained within nonrelativistic or scalar-relativistic approximation, so that it is not a result of spin-orbit coupling. However, the spin-orbit coupling does not lead to the spin-splitting of the surface bands. This result is explained by Kramers’ degeneracy, which means that the existence of a surface itself does not destroy the inversion symmetry of the system. The inversion symmetry of the Au(111) film can be broken, for example, by means of adsorption, and a hydrogen monolayer deposited on one face of the film indeed leads to the appearance of the spin-splitting of the bands.
Investor Sentiment and the Closed-End Fund Puzzle

This paper examines the proposition that fluctuations in discounts on closed end funds are driven by changes in individual investor sentiment toward closed end funds and other securities. The theory implies that discounts on various funds must move together, that new funds get started when seasoned funds sell at a premium or a small discount, and that discounts on the funds fluctuate together with prices of securities affected by the same investor sentiment. The evidence supports these predictions. In particular, we find that discounts on closed end funds narrow when small stocks do well, as would be expected if closed end funds were subject to the same sentiment as small stocks, whim tern. also to be held by individual investors. The evidence thus suggests that investor sentiment affects security returns.
A NEW CLASSIFICATION OF IT RESOURCES: A RESEARCH AGENDA UNDER THE COMPLEMENTARITY OF THE RBV

The effects of Information Technology (IT) on firm performance constitute one of the most recent lines of research. In developing this study, we take a Resource-Based View (RBV) as our basic theoretical focus. Adopting this paradigm means that IT alone is incapable of sustaining a competitive advantage (CA), making it necessary to analyze the existence of resources that complement IT to achieve greater organizational performance. The goal of this paper is to determine the combination of key resources, both exclusively IT resources and other organizational resources not necessarily belonging to this technology, to set a useful research agenda to contribute to the improvement of current knowledge of the IT effects on organizational performance.
Validation of a Fast-Fluid-Dynamics Model for Predicting Distribution of Particles with Low Stokes Number

To design a healthy indoor environment, it is important to study airborne particle distribution indoors. As an intermediate model between multizone models and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a fast fluid dynamics (FFD) model can be used to provide temporal and spatial information of particle dispersion in real time. This study evaluated the accuracy of the FFD for predicting transportation of particles with low Stokes number in a duct and in a room with mixed convection. The evaluation was to compare the numerical results calculated by the FFD with the corresponding experimental data and the results obtained by the CFD. The comparison showed that the FFD could capture major pattern of particle dispersion, which is missed in models with well-mixed assumptions. Although the FFD was less accurate than the CFD partially due to its simplification in numeric schemes, it was 53 times faster than the CFD.
The Importance of Teamwork on Business Restaurant in Medicating Effect of Work Discipline on Employee Performance

The food industry, especially restaurants, is growing rapidly in line with economic developments that encourage the growing number of middle class. Therefore, the management of human resources in this effort is important to be a top priority, because there are many crucial issues related to human resource development on the business. Their human resource issues impact on the decrease in the ability to compete with other companies. This study aims to analyze the importance of teamwork in restaurant business in mediating effect of work discipline on the performance of employees at Kembang Lawang Restaurant Pejaten Village Branch. The population in this study is 42 employees of Kembang Lawang Restaurant Pejaten Village Branch. Sampling technique using saturated sample technique. Data collection methods in this study using survey methods with research instruments using a closed questionnaire. Data analysis method using Partial Least Square. Based on data analysis results found that work discipline has a positive effect on employee performance. Work discipline has a positive effect on teamwork. Teamwork has a positive effect on employee performance. Teamwork plays a role in mediating the partial effect of work discipline on employee performance. Implications for the business world should be made to improve compliance with rules, increase trust between colleagues, and improve the quality of employees to build a team that is cohesive and high performance. K eywords : Work Discipline, Teamwork, Employee Performance, Partial Least Square.
GIS-Based Habitat Model of Javan Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus Bartelsi) Using Inductive Approach in Java Island, Indonesia

The Javan Hawk-Eagle (JHE) is categorized in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (CITES Appendix 2) as one of the world’s rarest and most endangered raptors in the remaining original natural forests of Java, Indonesia. Since it is not feasible to conduct complete field surveys for a landscape-scale, this paper proposes a GIS-based extrapolation model based on local-scale model in order to generate a map of potential and present habitat suitability for JHE in the entire landscape. Using autologistic regression, we developed a GIS-based habitat model for JHE in Java Island and subsequently estimated the population number of JHE. The obtained model will be the most useful for the wildlife management conservation planning process in order to help identify “hot spots” that are most likely to harbor JHE. Most of the predicted suitable habitats in Java Island are distributed in the mountainous area. The area with the largest proportion of suitable habitat for JHE is located in East Java, and then followed by West Java and the last in Central Java. Totally, about 41 locations (85%) of 48 historical localities recorded were recognized as suitable habitat. The estimated number of JHE pairs based on model extrapolation would place the population size about 108-542 (median = 325) pairs. Although this estimated population is higher compared to other * E-mail: syartinilia@yahoo.com ; lia@fr.a. u-tokyo.ac. jp † E-mail: tsuyuki@fr.a. u-tokyo.ac. jp ‡ E-mail: jslee72@kangwon.ac. kr Syartinilia, Satoshi Tsuyuki, and Jung soo Lee 302 studies, JHE had always been described as either rare or very rare. The apparent discrepancy between this estimated population and others, which might not suggest an increase in present JHE, may be explained by several reasons such as increased accessibility to formerly unexplored habitat and more recent satellite imageries and GIS techniques application used in estimation of suitable habitat of JHE and finally will allow a better population estimate.
Jir hur a Fermented Millet (Penisitum typhoidism) Product of Sudan

Jir hur is a traditional fermented food of the Fur tribe of western Sudan prepared from bulrush millet (Penisitum typhoidism). The microbiological changes during the fermentation stages were monitored. LAB count increased from 4.48 in raw millet to 7.19 log/cfug in jir hur and yeast count increased from 3.77 to 7.55 log/cfug, respectively with significant changes in pH from 6.66 in raw millet to 3.68 in jir hur. The fermentation of millet into jir was a homo-lactic acid fermentation that involved a complex microbial succession between LAB and yeast. LAB was the predominant microorganisms during the first fermentation with significant increase in yeast counts. Pediococcus halophilus, Pediococcus inopinatus and Pediococcus urinaeequi were the dominant lactic acid bacteria species at all times with the association of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus jensenii at the second fermentation. The yeast species Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Saccharomycods sinensis and Trichosporon adeninovorans were followed in succession during jir fermentation stages.
Beyond Grades in Online Learning: Adaptive Profiles of Academic Self-Regulation Among Naval Academy Undergraduates

Educational psychologists have long known that students who are motivated to learn tend to experience greater academic success than their unmotivated counterparts. Using a social cognitive view of self-regulated learning as a theoretical framework, this study explored how motivational beliefs and negative achievement emotions are differentially configured among students in a self-paced online course. Additionally, this study examined how these different motivation-emotion configurations relate to various measures of academic success. Naval Academy undergraduates completed a survey that assessed their motivational beliefs (self-efficacy and task value); negative achievement emotions (boredom and frustration); and a collection of outcomes that included their use of self-regulated learning strategies (elaboration and metacognition), course satisfaction, continuing motivation, and final course grade. Students differed vastly in their configurations of course-related motivations and emotions. Moreover, students with more adaptive profiles (i.e., high motivational beliefs/low negative achievement emotions) exhibited higher mean scores on all five outcomes than their less-adaptive counterparts. Taken together, these findings suggest that online educators and instructional designers should take steps to account for motivational and emotional differences among students and attempt to create curricula and adopt instructional practices that promote self-efficacy and task value beliefs and mitigate feelings of boredom and frustration.