Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic detection of extended spectrum ?-lactamase and AmpC ?-lactamase in urinary isolates of Escherichia coli at a tertiary care referral hospital in Northeast India

Objective Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most prevalent infections worldwide, mostly caused by Escherichia coli . Emerging antibiotic resistance due to extended spectrum â-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC β- lactamase production limit the use of β-lactam antibiotics against the infections caused by E. coli. We detected the production of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase in urinary isolates of E. coli, recovered from a tertiary care referral hospital in Northeast India. Materials and Methods A total of 140 E. coli urinary isolates were recovered during October 2008 to January 2009. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and ESBL detection were carried out according to Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Phenotypic detection of AmpC β-lactamase was carried out by AmpC disc method. Results Among the 140 urinary isolates, 112 isolates (80%) were multi-drug resistance (MDR). ESBL was detected in 67.14% (94/140) of E. coli isolates. AmpC β-lactamase was detected in 22.34% of ESBL producing E. coli isolates. Conclusions Routine testing for ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase in E. coli urinary isolates with conventional antibiogram would be useful for strict antibiotic policy implementation in hospitals, to estimate the impact of increased drug resistance and to take steps for reducing their resistance. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2012, Vol-8, No-3, 22-29 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/jcmsn.v8i3. 8682
Learning to Teach and Professional Identity: Images of Personal and Professional Recognition

This study aims to investigate how pre-service teachers construct their professional identities from the interplay between participation in a teacher community and their systems of knowledge and beliefs. A group of six Colombian pre-service teachers in the final stage of their five-year teacher education programme were the research participants. Interviews, stimulated recall, and on-line blogs as methods of data collection, and content and conversation analyses as the analytical approaches, were used. The findings reveal that while the process of learning to teach is individually constructed and experienced, it is socially negotiated.
Effects of Drought and High Temperature on Grain Growth in Wheat

The effects of two levels of temperature and of water supply on grain development of wheat (cv. Warigal) were studied by imposing treatments during the early or late period of cell division. High temperature (28°C day/20°C night) accelerated development of the grain. Dry matter accumulation and cell division proceeded at a higher rate but had a shorter duration in the high temperature treatments. Maximum cell number, final cell size and the number of large starch granules per cell were not significantly reduced by high temperature. Drought and drought × high temperature reduced the storage capacity of the grain, with a decrease in number of cells and starch granules in the endosperm. Cell size was also reduced when treatments were imposed late during cell division. Duration of dry matter accumulation and cell division was reduced in the drought and drought × high temperature treatments. The combined effects of drought and high temperature were much more severe than those of each separate treatment. The amount of sucrose per cell was similar in all treatments. It appears unlikely that the supply of sucrose to the endosperm cells is the main limiting factor of dry matter accumulation in both drought and high temperature treatments.
Physicochemical and Functional Characteristics of Desi and Kabuli Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Cultivars Grown in Bodity, Ethiopia and Sensory Evaluation of Boiled and Roasted Products Prepared Using Chickpea Varieties

A b s t r a c t K e y w o r d s Physiochemical and functional properties of two desi and one kabuli chickpea cultivars grown in Bodity, Ethiopia were evaluated and sensory quality of the boiled and roasted products were investigated. Significant differences were found among the cultivars in the parameters analyzed except in case of oil absorption and foaming capacity. Results revealed that Habru (kabuli) had the highest amount of protein, zinc, iron, and phosphorous; Mastewal (desi) had the highest amount of copper and tannin while local (desi) cultivar had highest value for ash, fiber, calcium and phytate. The results showed that all three cultivars contain bio-available zinc and calcium. Habru contain zinc higher in amount and bioavailability while the local cultivar contains calcium higher in amount and bioavailability. Of the three cultivars Habru contains bio-available iron. The overall acceptability of boiled forms of the three chickpea cultivars scored from 6.66 to 7.44 while roasted forms scored from 6.14 to 7.17. Habru cultivar is preferable to be used based on nutritional and functional characteristics.
Where Does the Surplus Go? Disentangling the Capital-Labor Distributive Conflict

The evidence on growing inequality in OECD countries has raised an important debate over its main drivers, pointing out an increasing importance of capital-labour conflict. In this contribution, we aim at disentangling the role of some of the forces shaping this process. Our identification strategy relies on the sequential nature of wage setting and profits realization, in line with theoretical insights from the range theory of wages (postulating rents sharing at the shop floor level) and the principle of effective demand. In particular we focus on the role of technology and offshoring as instruments to create surplus and to shape the bargaining power of the parties involved in wage setting, and on different sources of demand as heterogeneous determinants of profits realization. The empirical analysis is performed on a panel of 38 manufacturing and service sectors over four time periods from 1995 to 2010, covering Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and United Kingdom. The contrasting effects of R&D and offshoring emerge as determinants of wages. Investment and internal demands are key variables in the realization of profits. When we look at the heterogeneity of the effects we see three main stylized facts. First of all, distinguishing for technological domain using Pavitt classes we can see that rents are effectively related with upgraded industries. Secondly, when we distinguish for the degree of openness we can see that, again, rents are mainly shared in open industries. Finally, when we disentangle the effect on wages per skill level, it is possible to confirm the intuition that offshoring hits the medium-low skill categories.
Global Supply Chain Management at Digital Equipment Corporation

Digital Equipment Corporation evaluates global supply chain alternatives and determines worldwide manufacturing and distribution strategy, using the Global Supply Chain Model (GSCM) which recommends a production, distribution, and vendor network. GSCM minimizes cost or weighted cumulative production and distribution times or both subject to meeting estimated demand and restrictions on local content, offset trade, and joint capacity for multiple products, echelons, and time periods. Cost factors include fixed and variable production charges, inventory charges, distribution expenses via multiple modes, taxes, duties, and duty drawback. GSCM is a large mixed-integer linear program that incorporates a global, multi-product bill of materials for supply chains with arbitrary echelon structure and a comprehensive model of integrated global manufacturing and distribution decisions. The supply chain restructuring has saved over $100 million (US).
Optimization of Non-Axisymmetric End Wall Contours for the Rotor of a Low Speed, 1 1/2 Stage Research Turbine With Unshrouded Blades

Non-axisymmetric end wall contouring has become an established method for the reduction of the losses associated with secondary flow. To date, the majority of designs have been produced by the aeroengine manufacturing community and as a result access to specific design and methodological details is often limited [1]. In contrast, whilst the details of non-embargoed work are more freely available, much of this work has been carried out in simplified environments, with the most common of these being 2-dimensional, linear cascades, and therefore do not include a number of features which are present in the flow field of a real turbine [2]. Recent work by Snedden et al [3] involved the introduction of “generic”, non-axisymmetric end wall contours, originally designed for a linear cascade (the so-called Durham cascade), into the rotor row of a low speed, 1 1/2 stage research turbine. While an increase in rotor performance was noted, a detailed inspection of the flow results suggested that even greater improvements could be obtained through the design of custom end walls for the turbine. This investigation therefore covers the design of custom non-axisymmetric end wall contours for the rotor row of an annular turbine rig with unshrouded blades (the same rig as that used by Snedden), using a modified version of an end wall design routine originally developed for the production of non-axisymmetric end walls for a linear cascade environment.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
Two-Stream Gated Fusion ConvNets for Action Recognition

The two-stream ConvNets in action recognition always fuse the two streams' predictions by the weighted averaging scheme. This fusion way with fixed weights lacks of pertinence to different action videos and always needs trial and error on the validation set. In order to enhance the adaptability of two-stream ConvNets, an end-to-end trainable gated fusion method, namely gating ConvNet, is proposed in this paper based on the MoE (Mixture of Experts) theory. The gating ConvNet takes the combination of convolutional layers of the spatial and temporal nets as input and outputs two fusion weights. To reduce the over-fitting of gating ConvNet caused by the redundancy of parameters, a new multi-task learning method is designed, which jointly learns the gating fusion weights for the two streams and learns the gating ConvNet for action classification. With the proposed gated fusion method and multi-task learning approach, competitive performance is achieved on the video action dataset UCF101.
Pre-eclampsia research in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy disorder of unknown origin. In Norway, pre-eclampsia is reported in 3 to 4 per cent of registered births. At present, November 2014, a series of investigations into the etiology of preeclampsia have been published internationally from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), and several studies are ongoing. The intention of this paper is to give a short summary of what has been accomplished, and to discuss future avenues of research concerning causes, mechanisms and consequences of pre-eclampsia. The papers that have been published up to now include seven that concern life-styles (physical activity, tobacco and diet), six that include prior pregnancies, infection, gestational weight gain, toxicants and tryptophan metabolism, and two studies concerning issues of selection and validity. Major findings are that tobacco smoking is only associated with reduced risk of pre-eclampsia when it occurs in the last trimester; that processed food and sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with increased risk while vegetables, vitamin D and probiotics are associated with reduced risk; and that prior induced abortions have the same risk-reducing effect as a prior pregnancy. For future studies, we suggest that better use should be made of the family structure built into MoBa. This includes better use of the discordant pregnancy design. A series of ongoing genetic studies, partly in international consortia, will hopefully open new etiological insights. The indications that pre-eclampsia is related to cardiovascular disease and other complex disorders should be further investigated through systematic follow-up of pre-eclamptic women and controls. Finally, MoBa is eminently suited to study the influences that pre-eclampsia can have on the growing child.
Supporting and engaging students who are the first in their families to attend university: A practise paper

Globally, first-in-family learners represent a significant proportion of the university student population, yet these high rates of participation are not necessarily matched by equally high success rates. Instead, internationally the research on this group indicates that these learners are at greater risk of departure from university when compared to their second and third generation peers, often as a result of limited exposure to academic culture and expectations. This article provides an overview of current research on first-in-family learners and also, offers some recommendations for supporting and engaging with this cohort within university settings
Imaging anisotropic layering with Bayesian inversion of multiple data types

T. Bodin, J. Leiva, B. Romanowicz ,V. Maupin, and H. Yuan 6 1 Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, 215 McCone Hall, UC Berkeley, Berkeley CA 94720-4760 2 Univ Lyon, Universite Lyon 1, Ens de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5276 LGL-TPE, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France 3 Insitut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), 1 Rue Jussieu 75005 Paris, France 4 College de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris, France 5 Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Post Office Box 1047, Blindern, Oslo 0316, Norway 6 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
EXTENSIONS OF THE SEMANTIC/ SYNTACTIC REASONING FRAMEWORK

Research on students’ proof production is commonly based on a dichotomy between two broad forms of proof-oriented activity. Some students’ proof constructions rely heavily upon analytical or sequential reasoning. Such reasoning often focuses on symbolic expressions or logical frames. Another group constructs proofs via more imagistic and intuitive reasoning (e.g., Alcock & Simpson, 2004, 2005). The former approach adheres more closely to formal mathematical structure while the latter may suspend formal exactness to gain insight. However, students’ mathematical reasoning shows much more diversity than symbols and images or varying degrees of “formality. ” What exactly is different about these types of reasoning? How can they be clearly distinguished?
Feeding and reproduction in a small calanoid copepod: Acartia clausi can compensate quality with quantity

We analyzed the feeding, egg production rate (EPR), and the egg hatching success (EHS) of resulting eggs of adult Acartia clausi subject to realistic food levels (100 pg C l -1 ) of 7 algae. Feeding was maximum (ca. 20 ml ind. -1 d -1 ) with Thalassiosira weissflogii and minimum (ca. 0 ml ind. -1 d -1 ) with Dunaliella tertiolecta and Prymnesium parvum. EPR was highest with T. weissflogii, Tetraselmis sp. , Rhodomonas sp. , and Ditylum brightwellii (21 to 26 eggs ind. -1 d -1 ) and moderate with Prorocentrum minimum (15 eggs ind. -1 d -1 ). EHS was highest in P. minimum (84 %), followed by Rhodomonas sp. (80%), D. brightwellii (60%), T. weissflogii (52%) and Tetraselmis sp. (40%). Supplementary nutritional effects (higher EHS and gross growth efficiency) appeared when A. clausi fed on mixtures of algae with contrasting effects on EPR and EHS (T. weissflogii and P. minimum) offered as mixed suspensions, or alternating between unialgal suspensions on a 12:12 h basis. However, realized fecundity (RF) was fairly stable for most single and mixed diets (range 12.3 to 17.3 nauplii female -1 d -1 ), with the exception of Tetraselmis sp. (8.9 nauplii female -1 d -1 ). Such stable RF was attained by compensating low EHS with enhanced feeding and EPR, and consequently lower population growth efficiency. That represents a strategy with a high cost in terms of metabolism and predation risk.
Title Simultaneous occurrence of a severe Morel-Lavallée lesion and gluteal muscle necrosis as a sequela of transcatheter angiographic embolization following pelvic fracture : a case report

Introduction: Morel-Lavallée lesions are posttraumatic hemolymphatic collections caused by disruption of the interfascial planes between the subcutaneous soft tissue and muscle. Severe peripelvic Morel-Lavallée lesions have rarely been reported in the literature. By contrast, a number of cases of gluteal muscle necrosis following transcatheter angiographic embolization for pelvic fracture have been reported. Each entity can result in severe infection and sepsis, and the mortality rate in such cases is quite high. However, to date, no previous reports have described a case in which these life-threatening entities occurred simultaneously. Case presentation: A 32-year-old Asian man simultaneously developed severe peripelvic Morel-Lavallée lesions and gluteal muscle necrosis with sepsis following transcatheter angiographic embolization after an unstable pelvic fracture. Extremely large skin and soft tissue defects, which were untreatable with any commonly used flaps, were generated after repeated debridement. In addition, a deep-bone infection was suspected in his left fractured iliac bone, while motor function was almost completely lost in his left leg, possibly as a sequela of transcatheter angiographic embolization. As a result of his condition, a left hemipelvectomy was unavoidable. A pedicled fillet flap from his sacrificed left limb was used for the treatment of the defects and to provide a durable base for a prosthesis. Our patient survived and returned to his previous job 24 months after the surgery wearing a prosthetic left leg. Conclusion: As illustrated by the present case, severe peripelvic Morel-Lavallée lesions and gluteal muscle necrosis following transcatheter angiographic embolization can occur simultaneously after unstable pelvic fractures. Physicians should recognize that these entities can result in life-threatening sepsis and, therefore, should attempt to detect them as early as possible. When hemipelvectomy is unavoidable, a pedicled upper and lower leg in-continuity fillet flap may provide satisfactory outcomes.
NERICA rice cultivars express resistance to Striga hermonthica Del . ) Benth . and Striga asiatica ( L . ) Kuntze under field conditions ?

The parasitic weeds Striga asiatica and Striga hermonthica cause high yield losses in rain-fed upland rice in Africa. Two resistance classes (preand post-attachment) and several resistant genotypes have been identified among NERICA (New Rice for Africa) cultivars under laboratory conditions (in vitro) previously. However, little is known about expression of this resistance under field conditions. Here we investigated (1) whether resistance exhibited under controlled conditions would express under representative Strigainfested field conditions, and (2) whether NERICA cultivars would achieve relatively good grain yields under Striga-infested conditions. Twenty-five rice cultivars, including all 18 upland NERICA cultivars, were screened in S. asiatica-infested (in Tanzania) and S. hermonthica-infested (in Kenya) fields during two seasons. Additionally, a selection of cultivars was tested in vitro, in mini-rhizotron systems. For the first time, resistance observed under controlled conditions was confirmed in the field for NERICA-2, 5, -10 and -17 (against S. asiatica) and NERICA-1 to -5, -10, -12, -13 and -17 (against S. hermonthica). Despite high Striga-infestation levels, yields of around 1.8 t ha−1 were obtained with NERICA-1, -9 and -10 (in the S. asiatica-infested field) and around 1.4 t ha−1 with NERICA-3, -4, -8, -12 and -13 (in the S. hermonthica-infested field). In addition, potential levels of tolerance were identified in vitro, in NERICA-1, -17 and -9 (S. asiatica) and in NERICA-1, -17 and -10 (S. hermonthica). These findings are highly relevant to rice agronomists and breeders and molecular geneticists working on Striga resistance. In addition, cultivars combining broad-spectrum resistance with good grain yields in Striga-infested fields can be recommended to rice farmers in Striga-prone areas. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
Genetic algorithms for optimal plane conflict resolution in air traffic

At the dawn of civil aviation, pilots resolved conflicts themselves because they always flew in good weather conditions with low speed aircrafts. Nowadays, pilots must be helped by an air traffic controller on the ground who has a global view of the current traffic distribution in the airspace and can give indications to the pilots to avoid collisions. Solutions to conflicts are empirical, controllers are trained to react to certain types of conflicts and are limited by a workload. It is clear that if the ATC is overloaded, the sky is not. Conflict resolution is a trajectory optimization problem under constraints the complexity of which is so important that it has not been solved yet. Many attempts have been made to solve this problem with classical methods, such as gradient methods, reactive technics, expert systems, but most of them failed. In this paper, we show how genetic algorithms can be used to solve en-route aircrafts conflict automatically to increase Air Traffic Control capacity in high density areas. Our main purpose is to find out the global optimum and not only a suitable solution, in a real time situation, with conflict free trajectories that respect both plane and pilot performances.
Common Waterborne Diseases Due to Bacterial, Fungal and Heavy Metal Contamination of Waters: A Case Study from Nacharam Area of Hyderabad, India

Nacharam and its surroundings, located inside the city of Hyderabad in Telangana State, India, is vulnerable to water-borne diseases; therefore, the present research works on concentrations of dissolved hexavalent chromium (57－263 mgL-1), lead (34－65 mgL-1), cadmium (2.3－22.4 mgL-1), and nickel (from below detection limit to 6.5 mgL-1) in different surface water and groundwater bodies of this area. Results indicate that with the exception of nickel, the majority of studied water bodies and aquifers of the area are contaminated, to variable degrees, with dissolved heavy metals. Also health-affecting bacterial and fungal colonies have been found in drinking water and groundwater bodies of the area. These findings collectively point at impending health threats to the residents of the area, thus this study has conducted a health survey, whose data indicate that about two third of the residents are affected by waterborne ailments, including hair fall, skin rashes, tooth decay, diarrhea, and joint pain. Hair fall is one of the major problems affecting about 40% of the area population. Other waterborne health-related issues are faced by relatively smaller numbers of residents (10% or less). Based on the results from this study, it is recommended not only to conduct periodic analyses of water samples used for drinking and other purposes, which would assist the government and local authorities in taking necessary steps to prevent groom and spread of microorganisms, but also to monitor other anthropogenic activities, potentially capable of contaminating water sources, .