Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are mussel beds a favourable habitat for settlement of Hemigrapsus sanguineus (De Haan, 1835)?

Abstract Along the French coast of the English Channel, Hemigrapsus sanguineus (De Haan, 1835) is abundant under boulders on exposed shores that have high-energy hydrodynamic conditions in the intertidal zone. However, small individuals (< 6 mm) are rare in the muddy gravel sediments under boulders and the settlement habitat for post-larvae is largely unknown. This study explored whether mussel beds could represent a settlement zone for H. sanguineus . At the end of the summer of 2013, there were many post-larvae and small crabs in some mussel beds, with up to 528 individuals/m². However, at one location, no juveniles of H. sanguineus were found in mussel bed habitat despite the presence of adults on the same shore. We conclude that mussel beds are an important habitat for the settlement of juvenile crabs. Key words: Asian shore crabs, invasive marine species, English Channel Introduction The introduction of alien shore crabs into coastal environments is mainly the result of human activities that are becoming more frequent with the ever-increasing maritime traffic levels (Williams 1984; Ng et al. 2008). Nevertheless, the introduction of invasive species is a complex phenomenon, and there is a pressing need to assess the risks linked to biological invasions. In some cases, the introduced species can have a strong negative, or even a positive, effect on native species and/or communities (Carlton 1989; Ruiz et al. 1997; Cohen and Carlton 1998; Occhipinti-Ambrogi 2007). The Asian shore crab
Price and Volatility Prediction in the EU ETS Market

In this thesis we examine return and volatility predictability of continuous futures contracts within the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). The market has been active for nine years and we examine whether it is more mature now compared to a few years ago when most existing research was carried out. We find that autoregressive terms are now significantly weaker compared to during the first phase of the ETS, which is seen as a sign that the market has become more efficient. As heteroskedasticity is observed, GARCH models are used to model and predict volatility. To predict returns, we find that using exogenous inputs, in the form of electricity, coal, Brent oil and gas prices, yield better results than using autoregressive terms of the emission allowance data. Based on the results, we suggest that exogenous variables may be used to predict the returns of carbon futures.
Co-Creating a Blended Learning Curriculum in Transition to Higher Education: A Student Viewpoint

Involving students in the design and development of their curriculum is well established in Higher Education but comes with challenges and concerns for both the staff and students. This is not a simple concept and understanding more about the experiences of the student co-creators supports others in developing this aspect of curriculum design. This small scale project uses the individual and collective voices of five second year students who worked with one programme team to co-create a transition module to support new learners entering university. The study explores the co-creation experience and the student’s response to the feedback their co-created curriculum received when it was run for the first time. The study was designed to consider if co-creation of a module was beneficial to the students involved in its co-creation. The findings explored issues in relation to the experience, the actual design of the materials and how this could be developed. The students enjoyed the co-creation, felt appreciated and listened to and felt that this was a positive learning experience. They realised how difficult it is to please everybody and gained a much better appreciation of building learning experiences for others to use. The research highlights the fact that with regards to curriculum development within universities that students should be involved in co-creation as they have an understanding of the requirements of learning form a student perspective. Whilst student satisfaction cannot be necessarily be measured directly, the anecdotal comments from students involved in this project as they graduate are the values they place on the opportunities afforded to them.
Galaxy structure from multiple tracers - III. Radial variations in M87's IMF

We present the first constraints on stellar mass-to-light ratio gradients in an early-type galaxy (ETG) using multiple dynamical tracer populations to model the dark and luminous mass structure simultaneously. We combine the kinematics of the central starlight, two globular cluster populations and satellite galaxies in a Jeans analysis to obtain new constraints on M87's mass structure, employing a flexible mass model which allows for radial gradients in the stellar mass-to-light ratio. We find that, in the context of our model, a radially declining stellar-mass-to-light ratio is strongly favoured. Modelling the stellar mass-to-light ratio as following a power law, $\Upsilon_{\star} \sim R^{-\mu}$, we infer a power-law slope $\mu = -0.54 \pm 0.05$; equally, parameterising the stellar-mass-to-light ratio via a central mismatch parameter relative to a Salpeter IMF, $\alpha$, and scale radius $R_M$, we find $\alpha > 1.48$ at $95\%$ confidence and $R_M = 0.35 \pm 0.04$ kpc. We use stellar population modelling of high-resolution 11-band HST photometry to show that such a steep gradient cannot be achieved by variations in only the metallicity, age, dust extinction and star formation history if the stellar initial mass function (IMF) remains spatially constant. On the other hand, the stellar mass-to-light ratio gradient that we find is consistent with an IMF whose inner slope changes such that it is Salpeter-like in the central $\sim 0.5$ kpc and becomes Chabrier-like within the stellar effective radius. This adds to recent evidence that the non-universality of the IMF in ETGs may be confined to their core regions, and points towards a picture in which the stars in these central regions may have formed in fundamentally different physical conditions.
Spatial effects on technical progress: growth, and convergence among countries

This paper analyses how several spatial variables coming from cities and transportation system can affect money market, specially the income velocity of circulation, assuming an unit-elastic aggregate demand function and considering money velocity as a variable. Fluctuations in velocity caused by some spatial variables, under certain conditions, can affect the aggregate demand curve. The specification of the main relation-ship has found in the Baumol-Tobin model for transaction money demand, and in Christaller-LA¶sch central place theory. The estimation of the model has been based on panel data techniques and applied across 61 countries during 14 years in the 1978-1991 period. Theoretical and econometric results indicates that seven spatial variables like the countryÂ’s first city population, the population density, the passengers-kilometer transported by railways, and several ratios referred to some geographical variables, can provokes fluctuations on aggregate demand curve in the short run. In the long run, the aggregate supply can be also affected by means of these variables. In order to checking this question, considering that these spatial variables are not product factor, we propose to observe if these variables can affect the technological progress coefficient, A, concerning to an aggregate production function, according to a neo-classical growth model. Results by means of the Mankiw, Romer and Weil method, and also by means of an endogenous growth model of technology diffusion, indicates that some spatial variables affect the speed of convergence relative to the real per head income, across these 61 countries. However, a certain amount in some of these variables generates a congestion process in some countries. For checking it, we utilize a Barro and Sala i Martin endogenous growth model which reflects government activities. The concluding remarks indicates that some of these spatial variables above mentioned increases the speed of convergence but generates congestion in some countries. These spatial variables also affect the aggregate supply, and hence the price and output levels. Key words: transportation, regional growth, convergence, congestion. JEL Class. : R41
SIMULATION OF A Si/SiGe MODULATION-DOPED FET USING QUANTUM HYDRODYNAMIC EQUATIONS*

We present here the simulation of a Si/SiGe modulation-doped HEMT. The electron transport properties were obtained from Monte Carlo simulation. We use a set of quantum hydrodynamic equations for the device simulation. The calculated transconductance is about 300 mS/mm at 300 K. Velocity overshoot in the strained Si channel is observed. The inclusion of the quantum correction increases the total current by as much as 15 per cent.
A fourth ‘I’ of poverty ?

Current poverty measurement methodology does not allow a definitive analysis of changes in distribution, through time or bet we n countries, which involve changes in the number or proportion of poor people. By reopening some of the discussion which has taken place around the incide nce, intensity and inequality aspects of poverty, and by revisiting the continuity and transfer axioms, we show that the Bourguignon and Fields poverty index allows considerable ethical flexibility when its parameters are us d to full advantage. Significantly, a fourth dimension of poverty, the injustice of it, corresponding closely with Rawls’s concern for the least advantaged, can also be admitted into the picture once the poverty aversion parameter in the Bourguig non and Fields index is fully understood and used appropriately. A novel application lea ds to a perspective upon the entire class of relative poverty indic es which has not been seen before, and also generates both potentially interesting new poverty indices and wider scope for cogent measurement.
MORPHOLOGY OF THE OROPHARYNGEAL CAVITY AND OESOPHAGUS OF THE FARMED ADULT AFRICAN CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus BURCHELL, 1822)

The morphology of the adult farmed African catfish -Clarias gariepinus a prominent omnivorous cultivable species in Nigeria was investigated. It revealed cornified horny plates lining the buccal surfaces of the lips. The tongue was not free moving, and the oesophagus was a narrow tube connecting the oropharyngeal cavity to the stomach with no valve or constriction separating it from the later. Histologically, the cavity wall was lined by stratified squamous epithelium containing eosinophilic club cells, mucous cells and taste buds. The laminar propria contained dense collagen fibres. No taste bud was seen on the tongue suggesting it non involvement in food selection through gustation unlike the cavity wall which contained taste buds. The oesophagus was lined by stratified mucous epithelium containing club cells. Histochemistry revealed the presence of neutral, acid and combination of the two. The large extent of oesophageal mucification indicates need for mucin lubrication of food since teleost is known to lack salivary glands and also an adaptation to ingestion of varied feed.
The Impact of Domestic Investment on Economic Growth New Policy Analysis from Algeria

This paper investigates the relationship between domestic investment and economic growth in Algeria. In order to achieve this purpose, annual data for the period between 1969 and 2015 was tested by using co integration analysis of Vector Error Correction Model. The equation of the long run relationship shows that domestic investment has a negative effect on economic growth. However, in the short run term, the Granger Causality Tests shows that domestic investment cause economic growth in Algeria. These results prove that domestic investment is a source of economic growth for Algeria, but unfortunately it suffers from several obstacles and problems that are directly related to the poor management and the weak strategy for development and investment, Lead to the appearance of this long-term negative effect, if it left in this situation.
Social capital, local communities and culture-led urban regeneration processes: the Sydney Olympic Park experience

Culture has become increasingly important in regeneration processes designed to deal with urban futures. Urban regeneration processes in which culture has played a prominent role range from large-scale public investments in cultural facilities and artefacts as ‘hallmarks’ of urban regeneration projects (e.g. Guggenheim Bilbao), through to the use of ‘one shot’ cultural events such as the Olympic Games as a catalyst and engine for regenerating urban areas. The aim of this paper is to examine the association between social capital (SC), local communities and the culture-led regeneration process at Sydney Olympic Park (SOP), New South Wales, Australia. The catalyst for the transformation of an industrial wasteland into SOP was the awarding of the Olympics to Sydney in 1993. A convenience sample of 47 professional reports associated with the regeneration process at SOP between 1993 and 2010 were analyzed, the aim being to understand how local communities had been linked to the regeneration process through SC. Results from the analysis identified three principal associations between SC, local communities and the ongoing SOP regeneration process. The first association related to how, during the early years of the regeneration process, SC was used as a means of expressing concern about how governance mechanisms implemented at SOP might adversely impact the ability of local communities to engage in decision making that affected their local environment. The second related to the use of community development programs to build SC in local communities through the SOP development. The third related to a call for the development of measures to understand how the development of SOP impacts on the SC in local communities. Eight in-depth interviews with professionals involved in the regeneration process were used to provide further insights into the three principal associations. The paper discusses findings through reference to broader arguments surrounding the potential, capacity and nature of SC.
The SAMI Galaxy Survey: spatially resolving the main sequence of star formation

We present the ∼800 star formation rate maps for the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field spectrograph (SAMI) Galaxy Survey based on H α emission maps, corrected for dust attenuation via the Balmer decrement, that are included in the SAMI Public Data Release 1. We mask out spaxels contaminated by non-stellar emission using the [O III]/H β, [N II]/H α, [S II]/H α, and [O I]/H α line ratios. Using these maps, we examine the global and resolved star-forming main sequences of SAMI galaxies as a function of morphology, environmental density, and stellar mass. Galaxies further below the star-forming main sequence are more likely to have flatter star formation profiles. Early-type galaxies split into two populations with similar stellar masses and central stellar mass surface densities. The main-sequence population has centrally concentrated star formation similar to late-type galaxies, while galaxies >3σ below the main sequence show significantly reduced star formation most strikingly in the nuclear regions. The split populations support a two-step quenching mechanism, wherein halo mass first cuts off the gas supply and remaining gas continues to form stars until the local stellar mass surface density can stabilize the reduced remaining fuel against further star formation. Across all morphologies, galaxies in denser environments show a decreased specific star formation rate from the outside in, supporting an environmental cause for quenching, such as ram-pressure stripping or galaxy interactions.
Evaluation of models for prediction of the energy value of diets for growing cattle from the chemical composition of feeds

The objective of this study was to estimate and evaluate the contents of apparently digestible fractions of crude protein, ether extract and non-fibrous carbohydrates, the digestible fraction of the neutral detergent fiber and the content of total digestible nutrients (TDN) from the chemical composition of feeds in growing cattle fed different diets. Fourteen F1 Red Angus × Nellore young bulls with average age and weight of 12 months and 287±36 kg were used. Animals were fed elephant grass silage, corn silage or signal grass hay, with or without supplementation of 200 g concentrate per kg of the total diet. The experiment consisted of two 13-days periods, in which the concentrate supplementation was crossed over animals. The values of digestible fractions and the TDN content observed were obtained based on total collection of feces. Several sub-models applied to the different digestible fractions were assessed and discussed. Estimates of the TDN content in the diet were produced from the combination of sub-models applied to the individual digestible fractions. The TDN content was more efficiently predicted from the sub-models proposed by Detmann et al. (2010) when biological procedures for the estimation of the undegradable fraction of the protein and the potentially degradable fraction of the neutral detergent fiber were considered.
The Effects of Collaborative Learning on Problem Solving Abilities among Senior Secondary School Physics Students in Simple Harmonic Motion

The study investigated the effects of collaborative learning on problem solving abilities among senior secondary physics students in simple harmonic motion(SHM). The sample was made up of 112 physics teachers and 81 physics students drawn from two urban and one rural school. The research instruments employed for the study were Physics Teachers Questionnaire on Simple Harmonic Motion (PTQSHM) and Simple Harmonic Motion Achievement Test (SHMAT). Statistical data analysis tools utilized were the simple percentage, four point Likert-Scale of 2.50 criterion mark and t-test at 5% level of significance. The result of the findings showed that: mathematical calculations involved in SHM make students to shy away from the topic, students are motivated when they cooperatively solve problems in physics, there was significant difference in problem solving abilities among students taught using collaborative learning strategy and those taught with the conventional method, there is no significant difference between boys and girls in their problem solving abilities using the collaborative strategy. Based on the findings, It was recommended that teachers encourage group learning, group projects, tasks and assignments which facilitate collaborative learning and improves problem solving abilities among the students. Keywords: Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), Problem Solving, collaborative learning.
Risk quantification for the thresholding rule for multiple testing using Gaussian scale mixtures

In this paper we study the asymptotic properties of Bayesian multiple testing procedures for a large class of Gaussian scale mixture pri- ors. We study two types of multiple testing risks: a Bayesian risk proposed in Bogdan et al. (2011) where the data are assume to come from a mixture of normal, and a frequentist risk similar to the one proposed by Arias-Castro and Chen (2017). Following the work of van der Pas et al. (2016), we give general conditions on the prior such that both risks can be bounded. For the Bayesian risk, the bound is almost sharp. This result show that under these conditions, the considered class of continuous prior can be competitive with the usual two-group model (e.g. spike and slab priors). We also show that if the non-zeros component of the parameter are large enough, the minimax risk can be made asymptotically null. The separation rates obtained are consistent with the one that could be guessed from the existing literature (see van der Pas et al., 2017b). For both problems, we then give conditions under which an adaptive version of the result can be obtained.
Histochemical Analysis of Herniated Disc Tissue Surgically Removed from 27 Dogs

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: October 31, 2015 July 06, 2016 July 13, 2016 March 07, 2017 Hernias of intervertebral discs are a common canine disease that is usually treated surgically. Recently, a histological scoring system for surgically removed canine intervertebral herniated discs has been developed by scoring the lesions of both the anulus fibrosus (AF) and the nucleus pulposus (NP). Since the proportion of AF and NP in the surgical samples may vary, depending on the surgical approach, the aim of this study is to grade separately the lesions in AF and NP and to modify the previously described scoring system adding three parameters: inflammation, mineralization and neovascularization. Possible association of the modified grading system with clinical parameters were statistically assessed. Herniated disc material was collected from 27 dogs. AF was present in 10/27 cases and was classified as grade 2 in 4 cases, grade 3 in 5 cases and grade 4 in 1 case. The NP was present in all 27 cases and was classified as grade 2 in 1 case, grade 3 in 5 cases, grade 4 in 9 cases and grade 5 in 12 cases. A statistically significant association was evidenced between short pre-operative period and higher grade of both the NP and of the AF (P<0.01). Separating the grades of the AF and NP can be useful for a fair assessment of degeneration, and circumventing the limitation of the qualitative and quantitative variability of samples.
The source of the solar oscillations: Convective or magnetic?

The origin of solar oscillations has not yet been clearly determined. The downflows due to convective rapid cooling at the surface have been invoked as a possible source. In this paper we investigate the properties of the source as inferred from the local analysis of the intensity-velocity phase dierences. The same spatial and temporal characteristics of other observed events and their correlation with the H bright points suggests downward plasma jets related to explosive chromospheric evaporation to be another possible candidate.
Extending global irrigation maps – going beyond statistics

Agriculture is the largest global consumer of water. Irrigated areas contribute to 40 % of the agricultural production. Information on their spatial distribution is highly relevant for regional water management and food security. Spatial information on irrigation is highly important for policy and decision makers who are facing the transition towards a more efficient sustainable agriculture. However, existing global datasets are coarse and the mapping of irrigated areas still represents a challenge for land classifications. The following study extends existing irrigation maps that are based on statistics. The approach processes and analyses spatial data incrementally in a multi decision tree by using multi-temporal NDVI SPOT-VGT data and agricultural suitability data – both at a spatial resolution of 30 arc seconds. It covers the period from 1999 to 2012. The result exceeds the resolution of existing global studies and is not restricted to official reports made by surveys. Irrigated areas that were not yet included in the reports could be identified. The results globally show 22 % more irrigated areas than existing approaches and statistical data. The largest differences compared to existing data are found in Asia and particularly in China and India. The additional areas are mainly identified within already known irrigated regions where irrigation is more dense than previously estimated.