Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Origin of the Relation between Metallicity and Size in Star-forming Galaxies

For the same stellar mass, physically smaller star-forming galaxies are also metal richer. What causes the relation remains unclear. The central star-forming galaxies in the EAGLE cosmological numerical simulation reproduce the observed trend. We use them to explore the origin of the relation assuming that the physical mechanism responsible for the anticorrelation between size and gas-phase metallicity is the same in the simulated and the observed galaxies. We consider the three most likely causes: (1) metal-poor gas inflows feeding the star formation (SF) process, (2) metal-rich gas outflows particularly efficient in shallow gravitational potentials, and (3) enhanced efficiency of the SF process in compact galaxies. Outflows (cause 2) and enhanced SF efficiency (cause 3) can be discarded. Metal-poor gas inflows (cause 1) produce the correlation in the simulated galaxies. Galaxies grow in size with time, so those that receive gas later are both metal poorer and larger, giving rise to the observed anticorrelation. As expected within this explanation, larger galaxies have younger stellar populations. We explore the variation with redshift of the relation, which is maintained up to, at least, redshift 8.
VLT L-band mapping of the Galactic center IRS 3-IRS 13 region - Evidence for new Wolf-Rayet type stars

This paper presents L -band ISAAC and NAOS/CONICA (VLT) spectroscopic observations of the IRS 3-IRS 13 Galactic Center region. The ISAAC data allowed us to build the first spectroscopic data cube of the region in the L -band domain. Using the L -band spectrum of the extinction along the line of sight towards the GC derived in a previous paper (Moultaka et al. 2004, A&A, 425, 529), it was also possible to correct the cube for the foreground extinction. Maps of the water ice and hydrocarbon absorption line strength were then derived. These maps are important diagnostics of the interstellar and circumstellar medium because water ices are observed in molecular clouds while hydrocarbons are usually good tracers of the diffuse ISM. These maps support our previous results that the absorption features most probably occur in the local Galactic center medium and can be associated with the individual sources. Moreover, turbulence seems to affect the studied region of the minispiral, which appears like a mixture of a dense and diffuse medium. Comparison of the concentrations of ice and hydrocarbon absorptions around IRS 13E, IRS 6E, and IRS 2, with similar concentrations at the location of the extended continuum emission around IRS 3, suggests that these sources might present outflows interacting with the surrounding ISM. It was also possible to derive Br α and Pf${\gamma}$ emission line maps. The results suggest that the physical conditions of the ISM are not uniform in the observed region of the minispiral especially at the edges of the minicavity. The emission line maps allowed us to find three sources with broad lines corresponding to an FWHM deconvolved line width of about 1100 km s -1 and moving towards us with a radial velocity of about -300 km s -1 . These sources are most probably new Wolf-Rayet type stars located in projection to the north and west of IRS 3. Their derived radial velocities and proper motions show that only two of them might belong to the two rotating disks of young stars reported by Genzel et al. (2003, ApJ, 594, 812) and Levin & Beloborodov (2003, ApJ, 590, L33). Previously, NAOS/CONICA (NACO) data allowed us to resolve the IRS13E3 region into two components E3N, and E3c (Eckart et al. 2004, ApJ, 602, 760). The new spectroscopic NACO data show that E3c is a good candidate for a Wolf-Rayet type star. In addition, three sources ( η , ζ , and γ ) out of the eight very red sources located in the IRS13N complex also presented in Eckart et al. (2004, ApJ, 602, 760) have been resolved spectroscopically with NACO. The spectra presented in this paper show that the red colors of the sources are probably due to extended dust emission.
Passive Separation Control on a Symmetric Airfoil via Elastic-Layer

The passive control of flow-separation at averaged Reynolds Number (Re=3.42×105) using self-adapting flexible-flaps in the upper side of the wing, is presented. The two-way Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) in an elastic-layer up on the airfoil (NACA 0012) is investigated numerically by Coupling between the Transient Structural and Fluid Flow (Fluent) in ANSYS-Workbench14.0. During the fluid-structure interaction, the transient deformation of the elastic-layer provokes the modification of the flow topology at large-scale. There are reductions of the size and intensity of the vortex-shedding and an increase in the Strouhal number. This explains the increase of the lift-to-drag ratio. The study of the flap flexibility shows that the deformation of the elastic-layer and the variation of aeronautical efforts are inversely proportional to the Young Modulus.
Heavy Machinery, Amputations and Industrial Accidents

The article presents a description of heavy machineries, amputations and industrial accidents; an important component of occupational health. Occupational Health is the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations by preventing departures from health , controlling risks and the adaptation of work to people, and people to their jobs(WHO). The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported a total of 4,836 work injuries in the United States in 2015, a slight increase from 4,821 fatal injuries reported in 2014. Since work-related injuries are not on the decline and work related hazards are a potential source of litigation, huge compensation, economic loss, and loss of quality of life it is important to explore the subject of industrial injuries and its attendant complications and how it can be prevented in an attempt to mitigate the potential cost on industrial workers, their families, employers, the production process and consequently the Gross Domestic Product of a nation. The article attempts to describe etiologic and causative factors involved with the burden of heavy machinery and industrial injuries of which amputation is notable. A brief review of the agents of injury, mechanisms of injury, health and economic impact and the transmission pathway is included. A review of the literature would bring to the fore research materials that discussed the subject matter under review identifying pros and cons of various approaches. The article analyzes the available statistical measures provided by researches under review, revealing their shortcomings and highlighting their merits. The paper highlights potential future developments as relates to prevention and control of workplace injuries and their attendant complications. Additionally, certain recommendations will be made based on scientifically valid opinion. Keywords: Industrial injuries, Amputations, Machinery, Occupational safety
Interpretation of gravity and aeromagnetic anomalies of the Konya Region, South Central Turkey

Some 100 km southwest of Tuz Lake in central Turkey there are strong gravity and magnetic anomalies oriented in a NW-SE direction. The surface geology does not suggest a cause for the anomalies although there are some small exposures of mafic and ultramafic rocks. The gravity and aeromagnetic anomaly fields are separated into regional and residual anomalies by graphical and planar trend removal, respectively. Three-dimensional models of residual gravity and magnetic anomalies are constructed using an iterative method and depths controlled by power spectrum analysis. A density contrast of 0.5 g/cm 3 is used with the gravity model. Pseudodensity contrast ranges of 0.2-0.5 g/cm 3 are used with the magnetic models. The models constructed suggest that different bodies cause the gravity and magnetic anomalies and their bases extend no deeper than the middle of the upper crust. It is suggested that magma was injected into the upper crust at two different stages from the same location. The second stage probably commenced with the formation of high magnetite content igneous rocks when the African plate was closer to the Anatolian plate.
Reallocation gains in a speci c factors model with rm heterogeneity

We study rm heterogeneity in a speci c factors model to address the e¤ect of factor mobility on reallocation gains from trade. A model is proposed with Melitz type rm heterogeneity with two sectors, two countries and two xed factors and one factor mobile across sectors. Equilibrium in each sector can be concisely represented by a demand and supply equation and a FE and ZCP condition. Varying the substitution elasticity between the xed and mobile factor we show that the welfare gains from trade liberalization are larger in countries with a lower substitution elasticity. Furthermore, it is shown that the immobile production factor in the comparative disadvantage sector can still gain from trade liberalization due to the reallocation e¤ect. Keywords: Firm heterogeneity, Speci c Factors, Reallocation Gains from Trade JEL codes: F12 printdate: October 28, 2011 Reallocation gains in a speci c factors model with rm heterogeneity ABSTRACT: We study rm heterogeneity in a speci c factors model to address the e¤ect of factor mobility on reallocation gains from trade. A model is proposed with Melitz type rm heterogeneity with two sectors, two countries and two xed factors and one factor mobile across sectors. Equilibrium in each sector can be concisely represented by a demand and supply equation and a FE and ZCP condition. Varying the substitution elasticity between the xed and mobile factor we show that the welfare gains from trade liberalization are larger in countries with a lower substitution elasticity. Furthermore, it is shown that the immobile production factor in the comparative disadvantage sector can still gain from trade liberalization due to the reallocation e¤ect. We study rm heterogeneity in a speci c factors model to address the e¤ect of factor mobility on reallocation gains from trade. A model is proposed with Melitz type rm heterogeneity with two sectors, two countries and two xed factors and one factor mobile across sectors. Equilibrium in each sector can be concisely represented by a demand and supply equation and a FE and ZCP condition. Varying the substitution elasticity between the xed and mobile factor we show that the welfare gains from trade liberalization are larger in countries with a lower substitution elasticity. Furthermore, it is shown that the immobile production factor in the comparative disadvantage sector can still gain from trade liberalization due to the reallocation e¤ect. Keywords: Firm heterogeneity, Speci c Factors, Reallocation Gains from Trade JEL codes: F12.
Adaptive Strategy for Neural Network Synthesis Constant Estimation

Neural Network Synthesis is a new innovative method for an artificial neural network learning and structural optimization. It is based on two other already very successful algorithms: Analytic Programming and Self-Organizing Migration Algorithm (SOMA). The method already recorded several theoretical as well as industrial application to prove itself as a useful tool of modelling and simulation. This paper explores promising possibility to farther improve the method by application of an adaptive strategy for SOMA. The new idea of adaptive strategy is explained here and tested on a theoretical experimental case for the first time. Obtained data are statistically evaluated and ability of adaptive strategy to improve neural network synthesis is proved in conclusion. Keyword: neural; network; synthesis; SOMA; adaptive; strategy; structural; optimization This Publication has to be referred as: Varacha, P[avel] (2016). Adaptive Strategy for Neural Network Synthesis Constant Estimation, Proceedings of the 26th DAAAM International Symposium, pp.0358-0364, B. Katalinic (Ed.), Published by DAAAM International, ISBN 978-3-902734-07-5, ISSN 1726-9679, Vienna, Austria DOI:10.2507/26th.daaam. proceedings.048
THE STRUCTURE OF EDCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Most organizational structure is generally seen as arising from technical requirements for the coordination of work. In this paper, institutional sources of organizational structure are also considered: some organizations--in particular, educational ones--arise more out of environmental definitions than out of technical work coordination and control requirements. Institutional organizations, unlike technical ones, are tightly linked to the environment and loosely coupled to internal work activity and outputs. Some implications for educational organizations, along with some data supporting these implications, are discussed. In particular, evidence for the loosely coupled nature of school and district organizations is presented. Finally, a number of theoretical problems with the formulation are considered. INSTITUTIONAL AND TECHNICAL SOURCES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE: EXPLAINING THE STRUCTURE OF EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
Sex determination in Uruguayans by odontometric analysis

Sex assessment plays an important role in the forensic and bioarchaeological spheres. Teeth are invaluable elements in non-living populations for sex determination, since they commonly resist post-mortem damages and are latent sources of information about dimorphism. Aim: The present study consisted in an odontometric analysis willing to examine sexual dimorphism in Uruguayans. Methods: One hundred and twelve inferior dental stone casts, 56 from males and 56 from females, aged between 21 and 60 years, from one orthodontic clinic of Montevideo, capital of Uruguay, were analyzed. Several measurements and calculations were made, such as mesiodistal diameter and gingivoincisal length of mandibular canines, intercanine distance, mandibular canine index and the area of a virtual triangle. Results: Only mesiodistal diameter and gingivoincisal length of right canine, and the area of the triangle showed statistically significant differences between both sexes. The authors obtained a logistic regression model for sex determination with a reliability rate of 72.3% and a classification and regression tree with an accuracy of 77.7%. Conclusions: The results revealed that this method can be applied in forensic anthropology, as an auxiliary tool in human identification.
The Interplay of Kinetic and Radiative Feedback in Galaxy Clusters

Recent observations provide evidence that some cool-core clusters host quasars in their brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). Motivated by these findings, we use 3D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations with the code Enzo to explore the joint role of kinetic and radiative feedback from supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in BCGs. We implement kinetic feedback as subrelativistic plasma outflows and model radiative feedback using ray-tracing radiative transfer or thermal energy injection. In our simulations, the central SMBH transitions between the radiatively efficient and radiatively inefficient states on timescales of a few gigayears, as a function of its accretion rate. The timescale for this transition depends primarily on the fraction of power allocated to each feedback mode, and to a lesser degree on the overall feedback luminosity of the active galactic nucleus (AGN). Specifically, we find that (a) kinetic feedback must be present at both low and high accretion rates in order to prevent the cooling catastrophe, and (b) its contribution likely accounts for >10% of the total AGN feedback power, because below this threshold simulated BCGs tend to host radio-loud quasars most of the time, in apparent contrast with observations. We also find a positive correlation between the AGN feedback power and the mass of the cold gas filaments in the cluster core, indicating that observations of Hα filaments can be used as a measure of AGN feedback.
Benthic Foraminifer Assemblages from Norwegian Cold-Water Coral Reefs

Quantitative investigations on the total (living + dead) benthic foraminiferal assemblages were performed on 32 surface-sediment samples (0–2 cm, .63-mm size fraction) from water depths ranging from 110–600 m (‘‘on-reef’’) to . 2000 m (‘‘off-reef’’) in the Oslo Fjord (Skagerrak Basin), the mid-Norwegian slope (Sula, Rost, and Traenadjupet reefs), and the northern coral-reef areas in Norway (Korallen, Lopphavet, Stjernsundet, and Sveinsgrunnen reefs). Seven other samples were investigated for their living (stained) and dead (unstained) assemblages. Hierarchical cluster analysis allows the recognition of five benthic species groups linked to foraminiferal microhabitats from on- and off-reef environments as follows: I) shallow ‘‘off-reef’’ areas of the Oslo Fjord, II) deep-sea . 1800-m water depth, and III) bathyal between 800–1800 m, and ‘‘on-reef’’ areas of IV) the Skagerrak and V) the shelf and upper continental slope of the mid- and nothern Norwegian margin. The benthic foraminiferal fauna associated with the declining coral reefs in the Oslo Fjord suggests that a low amount of labile organic matter and/or nutrients reach the sea floor making the environment unfavorable for coral growth, reconfirming the previous results on direct measurements of the organic matter. This study indicates that foraminifers can be used as a tool for the characterization of cold-water coral-reef environments.
A perceptual dialectological approach to linguistic variation and spatial analysis of Kurdish varieties

This paper presents the results of the first investigation into Kurdish linguistic varieties and their spatial distribution. Kurdish dialects are used across five nation states in the Middle East and only one dialect, Sorani, has official status in one of these nation states. The study employs the “draw-a-map” task established in Perceptual Dialectology; the analysis is supported by Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The results show that, despite the geolinguistic and geopolitical situation, Kurdish respondents have good knowledge of the main varieties of their language (Kurmanji, Sorani, and the related variety Zazaki) and where to localize them. Awareness of the more diverse Southern Kurdish varieties is less definitive. This indicates that the Kurdish language plays a role in identity formation, but also that smaller isolated varieties are not only endangered in terms of speakers, but also in terms of their representations in Kurds’ mental maps of the linguistic landscape they live in.
Open innovation : Comparing global and local approaches

In spite of the growing interest in open innovation, one of the core questions that remain unanswered is how different kinds of openness affect innovation performance. Moreover, the impact of the geographical dispersion of partners also needs further investigation, while there is a tension between the motives for global search and the needs for proximity in innovation processes. In this paper we will research the relationship between openness and performance outcome in manufacturing companies when taking the localisation of partners into account. The study is based on survey data from 415 companies. The openness is defined by three dimensions: partner breadth, partner depth and phase depth. Performance is measured in terms of cost, risk and time-to-market, innovativeness and economic performance. The results of this study confirm and illustrate the localisation dilemma. For manufacturing companies using a global approach, it seems advisable to collaborate more intensively with a reduced number of partners. In contrast, the companies applying a more spatially balanced approach could collaborate with an increased number of partners and still be innovative and cost efficient. This implies that different localisation strategies for external partner collaborations require different integration approaches in order to be successful.
Predictors of leadership: The usual suspects and the suspect traits

In this chapter, I review literature on traits (i.e., individual differences) and their links to leader outcomes. I present an integrated model, the ascription-actuality trait theory, to explain two routes to leader outcomes that stem from traits: the route that objectively matters and the route that appears to matter but objectively may not. I discuss the history of trait research and provide criteria by which we should judge the validity of trait models. Finally, I review trait models that are the most predictive of leadership outcomes and identify those that are non-starters.
Saving, Growth, and Liquidity Constraints

In the context of an overlapping generations model, we show that liquidity constraints on households: (i) raise the saving rate; (ii) strengthen the effect of growth on saving; and (iii) increase the growth rate if productivity growth is endogenous. These propositions are supported by cross-country regressions of saving and growth rates on indicators of liquidity constraints on households. The results suggest that financial deregulation in the 1980s has contributed to the decline in national saving rates in the OECD countries and that the process of financial integration in the European Community may lead to a further reduction in saving and growth rates.
Silent reading of music and texts; eye movements and integrative reading mechanisms

This study investigates to what extent structural units defined by physical and structural markers elicit different eye movement patterns when reading contrasting stimuli of music and verbal texts. Eye movements were tracked and compared in ten musicians undergoing Bachelor’s degrees as they silently read six texts and six pieces of music for piano: the music was contemporary, in modal style, and the style of the texts was informative and literary. Participants were music students at Universidad de Chile studying for Bachelor’s degrees. Information integration for both local (intrasentence/phrase) and global (intersentence/phrase) levels of processing was assessed through regressive fixations at the first pass and re-reading stages. Memory involvement in musical and verbal processing was investigated using verbal working memory and spatial memory tasks, suggesting a link between spatial memory and the reading of contemporary music. Both local and global integrative controls vary according to the reading stages, with differences between music styles and text types. These differences relate to information intake and integrative reading mechanisms. Despite the fact that musicians used different strategies for processing verbal and musical information, no cross-patterns of individual reading strategies were observed between conditions. Although the underlying processes are different, resource-sharing between the two domains cannot be ruled out.
Projected impacts of climate change on farm business risk in three regions of Western Australia

A farm simulation model known as STEP (Simulated Transitional Economic Planning) is used to examine the financial performance of a range of farms under current and projected climate in three regions of Western Australia. In two of the regions climate change is expected to cause more unfavourable production years, whilst in the other region more favourable production years are projected. Farms in regions where more adverse climate is projected are shown to experience increased business risk, in contrast to the findings for the other region. Characteristics of farms that increase their risk of business failure in the presence of projected climate change are small farm size, low initial equity and an enterprise mix that favours wool rather than crop production. For all types of farms, as would be expected, a favourable trend in the terms of trade increases farm business resilience. In the regions where adverse climate change is projected, crop dominant farms that currently have high equity appear capable of withstanding the projected adverse climate change whilst farms with similar characteristics in the other region are likely to prosper further, given their projected favourable change in climate.