Purser support and the tendency of depression among civil female flight attendants in Indonesia

Abstrak Latar belakang: Depresi dapat terjadi di antara pramugari dalam melakukan pekerjaannya. Tujuan penelitian inimembuktikan pengaruh dukungan purser dan faktor lainnya terhadap kecenderungan depresi pada pramugaripenerbangan sipil di Indonesia. Metode: Studi potong lintang dengan sampling purposif terhadap pramugari yang sedang melakukanpemeriksaan pengujian kesehatan rutin di Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan, pada tanggal 12-18 Mei 2014Jakarta. Kriteria eklusi dalam penelitian ini adalah pramugari yangtidakminum obat antidepresan ataugolongan benzodiazepine, tidak mempunyai kebiasaanminum minuman alkohol lebih dari 3 unit per hari.Kecenderungan depresi dinilai dengan kuesioner Beck Depression Inventory. Sedangkan dukunganpurser, rekan kerja, di luar pekerjaan dan beban kerja mental dinilai dengan kuesioner NIOSH GenericJob Stress. Faktor-faktor risiko kecenderungan depresi dianalisis dengan regresi linear. Hasil: Di antara 242 pramugari yang sedang melakukan pemeriksaan pengujian kesehatan rutin memenuhikriteria inklusi adalah 145 orang. Dukungan purser, dukungan di luar pekerjaan, dan beban kerja mentalmerupakan faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kecenderungan depresi. Dengan peningkatan 1 poin dukunganpurser akan menurunkan 0,552 poin depresi [koefisien regresi = (β) = -0,552; p= 0,033]. Dengan peningkatan 1point dukungan di luar pekerjaan akan menurunkan 1,191 poin depresi (β = -1,191; p= 0,000). Namun sebaliknya,dengan peningkatan 1 poin beban kerja mental akan meningkatkan 0,549 poin depresi (β = 0,549; p= 0,045). Kesimpulan: Semakin tinggi dukungan purser dan dukungan di luar pekerjaan akan semakin mengurangikecenderungan depresi, sebaliknya semakin tinggi beban kerja mental akan semakin mempertinggikecenderungan depresi. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2015;6:76-80)Kata kunci: depresi, dukungan purser, beban kerja mental, pramugari Abstract Background: Depression can occur in female flight attendants. The purpose of this study was to findthe correlationbetween purser support and other factors with depression among female civil flight attendants in Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study with purposive sampling was carried out on female civilian flightattendantsundergoing routine medical check up at the Civil Aviation Medical Center Jakarta from May12to18, 2014. Those taking antidepressants or benzodiazepines,ordrink alcohol more than 3 times a day,were excluded for this study. Depression was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory Questionnaire.Purser support, co-workers support, support outside workand mental workload were measured using theNIOSH Generic Job Stress Questionnaire. Risk factors for depression were analyzed using linear regression. Results: Out of 242 female flight attendants undergoing routine medical check up, 145 persons met thestudy criteria. Purser support, support outside work, as well as mental workload were the dominant riskfactors related to depression among female civilian flight attendants. One point increase of purser support,decreaseddepression by 0.552 point [regression coefficient (β) = -0.552; p = 0.033]. One point increase ofsupport outside work, decreaseddepression by 1.191 points [β = -1.191; p = 0.000]. On the other hand, onepoint increase of mental workload, increaseddepression by 0.549 point (β = 0.549; p = 0.045). Conclusion: Increased purser and outside of worksupportsdecreased the risk of depression, however, moremental work load increased depression among civilian flight attendants in Indonesia. (Health ScienceJournal of Indonesia 2015;6:76-80) Keywords: depression, purser support, mental workload, female flight attendants