Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Current trends of antifungal susceptibility pattern of dermatomycosis in a tertiary care hospital by Etest and VITEK-2 methodologies

Dermatomycosis affect the superficial layers of the skin, nails and hair and are often caused by dermatophytic molds, candida & non dermatophytic molds. However, over the last decade, an increasing number of non– dermatophyte filamentous fungi & non albicans Candida have been recognized as agents of skin and nail infections in humans, producing lesions clinically similar to those caused by dermatophytes. Although tissue invasion by them is a rare possibility, they are important as a public health problem particularly in the immunocompromised. There are limited studies on the efficacy of antifungal agents against dermatophytes. This study was conducted to test the efficacy of 3 systemic antifungal agents viz. Voriconazole, Itraconazole & Fluconazole using the E-test method and 2 systemic antifungals viz. Itraconazole and Voriconazole by VITEK-2. Three different species of dermatophytes which were isolated from the clinically suspected cases were Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T.rubrum and M.gypseum. According to the obtained results, Itraconazole and Voriconazole showed the lowest MIC range while Fluconazole had the highest MIC range for most fungi tested. Determining the resistance pattern is especially necessary to assist clinicians in treating superficial fungal infections more effectively. This will minimize side effects and prevent development of antifungal resistance & treatment failures. Keywords: Dermatomycosis, Antifungal resistance, Etest, VITEK-2, Voriconazole, Itraconazole, Fluconazole.
Hubungan Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) dengan Status Gizi dan Anemia pada Balita di Puskesmas Kokar Kabupaten Alor

Aim. To gain insight regarding the prevalence and intensity of worm infestation, the correlation between STH infection and nutrition status, anemia, and the demography condition.Method. The research used a cross-sectional approach with quota sampling technique. There were samples aged 12-59 months as many as 234 people, with severely underweight : 7.7%, underweight : 19.2%, normal: 70.5%, and overweight : 2.6%. Data were collected in August - October 2016 in Kokar primary health care, Alor Recency, East Nusa Tenggara. The subjects’ parents who meet the inclusion criteria were interviewed using a questionnaire guide. Fecal samples were collected and the type and intensity of STH infection was identified using the Kato-Katz method. Examination of hemoglobin by the Sahli method.Result. The incidence of STH infections among children under five in Kokar primary health care was 18.38%. There were single infection suffered by the 10,26% children under five with the intensity of infection A.lumbricodes : light intensity was 4,70% and moderate intensity was 1,71%; infection of T.trichiura was 1,71% with light intensity and infection of hookworm was 2,14% with a light intensity. There were double infection suffered by 8,12% children with intensity of light infection was 4,70%, moderate intensity of infection was 2,56% and heavy intensity of infections was 0,86%. Analysis of the relationship between STH infection and nutritional status show the value of p> 0.05. There were 97.9% children under five years who suffered anemia and 2.1% with no anemia. Analysis of the relationship between STH infection with anemia show the value of p> 0.05. Analysis of the relationship between STH infection and demographics demonstrate the value of p> 0.05. Conclution. The prevalence of STH infection in children under five years at the Kokar Community Health Center is 18.38% with the intensity of a single infection being mild and moderate and the intensity of multiple infections is mild, moderate and severe. There is no significant relationship between the incidence of STH infection with nutritional status and anemia. There is no significant relationship between demography and the incidence of STH infection.
Oral Status of Diabetic Children in Casablanca (Case- Control Study)

Objectives: This study aims to assess the oral health status of diabetic children in comparison with a control group, to appreciate the impact of diabetes mellitus and its treatment on oral and dental health and to test their knowledge regarding oral hygiene. Material and Methods: This transversal epidemiological study with comparative purpose was conducted on 100 diabetic children aged 2 to 16 years followed in the service of the University Hospital of Pediatrics II HAROUCHI and within the association “Hayat” to support children with diabetes, and 100 healthy model children aged 3-15 years from two public schools and one private school. Through a questioning and an oral examination, the parameters of diabetes, oral and dental hygiene, and the dental status were determined. Results: The DMF index was more pronounced in the patient group (2.933) than in the control group (1.798) with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.002). The mean Plaque index was 1.338 for the patient group versus 1.542 for the control group. In the group of sick children and tartar was present in 62% of cases. Conclusion: In the waning of this study, it was shown that diabetes has a significant impact on teeth and oral health of children. Following these results, the oral care needs are high among the population of children with diabetes.
Bibliometric Study of Electronic Journal of Academic and Special Librarianship

Bibliometric Analysis is a branch of Bibliometrics which deals with the study of complex relationship between cited of citing documents the present study analyzed list citations appended to 84 articles publish at 5 volumes during 2005-2009 in the Electronic journal of Academic of special librarianship. The methodology is based on Bibliometric techniques of bibliometirc Analysis. The study shows than an average number of citations are round 14, 19, 16, 13, 22 pert year the. The journals are cit ed more than other information sources more than other half of the citations are single authored Geographical distribution of citations indicates that India, New York , London & USA. Occupied the top four positions covering 76.74% of citations. This study made an attempt to examine the year –wise distribution of citations, type of information sources used, authorship pattern, Geographical distribution & core journals in the field of Electronic Journal of Academic & special librarianship.
The Teachers’ Forum: Six Key Modeling Heuristics

In a recent column I described a course in the art of modeling I have taught for a number of years to MBA students. This is an elective, second-year course. The students typically have a minimal background in the core tools of management science (optimization, decision analysis, and simulation). The purpose of the course is not to deepen their knowledge of MS/OR tools per se but to strengthen their fundamental modeling skills. The course is styled on the art studio, in which students learn to paint by painting under the watchful eye of an instructor. In this course, the students work on a series of practical modeling assignments, each of which is taken from a real situation. The students build and analyze models as they need them to solve the problem at hand, without any cues as to which tools or approach to use.
Electronic and Defect Process in Oxides: the Polaron in Action

The basic processes involving space charge are charge localization (including trapping) and charge transport. These processes may be associated with energy localization. At the molecular scale, energy localization is an initiator of electrical breakdown and aging phenomena. At the mesoscopic scale, energy localization generates the damage observed macroscopically and is associated with discharge. Processes on one length scale determine behavior on another scale, Most applications concentrate on macroscopic space charge, yet processes on the atomic scale determine the build-up and consequences of space charge. In non-metals, one key concept is that of self-trapping (formation of small polarons). This survey discusses the phenomenon of self-trapping and its effects on charge transport, charge trapping, and the measurement of localized charges. Most examples will relate to oxides, including bulk transition metal oxides, oxide interfaces, thin layers of oxide on silicon, and laser- and radiation-induced charges in alumina. The paper also links some of the ideas to the outstanding problems in the generation of space charge, including contact charging, tribocharging, and impact charging.
Sonographic Findings in Inflammatory Arthritis Secondary to Immune Checkpoint Inhibition: A Case Series

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are transforming the field of oncology, leading to tumor regression in multiple advanced cancers. With this case series, we review the ultrasound imaging findings in a series of patients with ICI‐induced inflammatory arthritis (IA), a novel rheumatic disease that is caused by cancer immunotherapy.
Discordance in latent tuberculosis (TB) tests results in end stage renal disease patients

OBJECTIVES: This natural experiment was designed to assess the impact of exposure to an active case of tuberculosis in a group of immunosuppressed individual, with end stage renal disease over an extended follow up. STUDY DESIGN: Close contacts of people with sputum smear positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis are at high risk of infection, particularly immunosuppressed individuals. An infectious tuberculosis health care worker worked in a renal dialysis unit for a month before diagnosis, with 104 renal dialysis patients exposed for ≥8 hours. METHODS: Patients were informed and invited for screening 8-10 weeks post-exposure. They either underwent standard two-step assessment with tuberculin skin test (TST) and QuantiFERON®-TB Gold [Cellestis GmbH] (QFN) interferon gamma release assay (IGRA); or following consent, enrolled in a study where these two tests were performed simultaneously with T-SPOT®-TB [Oxford Immunotec Ltd] (TSPOT). Patients within the study were followed up for two years from exposure;with QFN and TSPOT repeated at months 3 and 6 from first testing RESULTS: Of 104 exposed individuals, 75 enrolled in the study. There was a high degree of discordance between QFN, TSPOT and TST. This was seen at both the first timepoint, and also over time in subjects who were re-tested. No patients had active TB at baseline testing. None received treatment for latent TB infection. Over the following two years, no-one developed TB disease. CONCLUSION: This study suggests there is a low risk of progression to active TB in low incidence countries even in high risk groups. This plus the degree of test result discordance emphasises the complexities of managing TB in such settings, as it is unclear which of these tests, if any, provides the best diagnostic accuracy.
Positional relationship between several performance tests and physical profile of Brazilian football athletes

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between anthropometric (height and weight) and physical parameters in Brazilian football athletes and to determine if the relationship between various anaerobic indices of running anaerobic sprint test (RAST) and physical performance are dependent upon position. The present study is an observational, randomized cross-sectional research, where thirty-eight players (24.7 ± 3.9 years) performed a series of tests that consisted of physical fitness (horizontal jump, abdominal curl, push up, 10, 20 and 30 m sprint speed), anthropometric and RAST assessments. The players were classified into three groups: skill players (n = 14), big skill players (n = 10), and linemen (n = 14). One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test presented no difference between groups for anthropometric, horizontal jump, push up, T agility, 10, 20, and 30 m sprint speed tests and all anaerobic indices computed (p > 0.05). However, higher abdominal curl performance was noted under skill player versus big skill player group (p = 0.045). In big skill players group, the relationship between 10, 20 and 30 m sprint speed and muscle power reduction index was great. In conclusion, the results of the current study indicated that only agility and sprint tests presented an association with the anaerobic performance for all group analyzed.
Dual diagnosis assessment: A case study implementing the reasons for use package to engage a marginalised service user

Abstract The objective of this research was to describe the use and utility of a dual diagnosis assessment scale and intervention strategies package for clinical and community mental health staff to better engage service users and explore reasons for use regarding dual diagnosis issues. A case study was developed, with the service user’s consent, to be used to train others in use of the Reasons for Use Package (RFUP). Findings were that the RFUP can enable staff to better tune in to service users in terms of how they are managing symptoms, side effects, social situations, peer pressure, affect and ambivalence. The RFUP helped enable the service user to feel a sense of being listened to and respected with regard to their dual diagnosis experiences. Conclusions drawn were that service users can engage with dual diagnosis assessment more readily when workers use dual diagnosis tools and mentoring purpose-designed to enhance an understanding of motivations and reasons for use of substances.
Improving access to and use of digital resources in a self directed learning context

This paper presents the background to and progress of a project investigating the use of courseware and other digital resources by undergraduate medical students in a self-directed learning environment (shared open-access computing space) within a problem-based curriculum. The investigation draws on three parallel streams of data collection; automated usage monitoring, survey and focus group. Over 60,000 individual computer sessions and more than 500 surveys are currently being analysed. Preliminary analysis reveals that only a small percentage of the available courseware resources are regularly used, and that the level of usage appears to be highly dependent the level of promotion and support provided by teaching staff. Analysis of Internet usage data reveals that medical students rely heavily on Google and Wikipedia to locate and access self-directed learning resources and that they are relatively unsophisticated in their use of search tools. The results of the investigation are informing the design and development of an innovative software support tool that aims to improve students’ awareness of and access to a wide range of digital resources.
Mental fatigue impairs simple reaction time in non-athletes more than athletes

ABSTRACT Background: Cognitive enhancements are associated with persistent sport participation. The primary objective of this investigation was to assess mental fatigue during a prolonged simple reaction time task in athletes as compared to non-athletes. Methods: Forty men (20 athletes and 20 non-athletes; Age = 23.81 ± 2.28 years) completed a prolonged reaction time (RT) task of 51 min duration. The task included three periods of 17 min each, with no breaks, each period consisted of 200 RT trials. The participants’ ratings of mental fatigue were assessed with a modified visual analogue mood scale (VAMS) before and after the fatigue-inducing mental task. Results: Mental fatigue had a significant effect on both athletes and non-athletes (P ≤ .001). Athletes evidenced shorter RTs during the second and third periods of the prolonged reaction time task as compared with to non-athletes. Conclusion: This study suggested that athletes exhibit greater resistance to mental fatigue than non-athletes. It is therefore suggested that habitual exercise may reduce the negative effect of mental fatigue on a prolonged cognitive task.
TOWARDS RULE-GUIDED CLASSIFICATION FOR VOLUNTEERED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

Abstract. Crowd-sourcing, especially in form of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) significantly changed the way geographic data is collected and the products that are generated from them. In VGI projects, contributors’ heterogeneity fosters rich data sources, however with problematic quality. In this paper, we tackle data quality from a classification perspective. Particularly in VGI, data classification presents some challenges: In some cases, the classification of entities depends on individual conceptualization about the environment. Whereas in other cases, a geographic feature itself might have ambiguous characteristics. These problems lead to inconsistent and inappropriate classifications. To face these challenges, we propose a guided classification approach. The approach employs data mining algorithms to develop a classifier, through investigating the geographic characteristics of target feature classes. The developed classifier acts to distinguish between related classes like forest, meadow and park. Then, the classifier could be used to guide the contributors during the classification process. The findings of an empirical study illustrate that the developed classifier correctly predict some classes. However, it still has a limited accuracy with other related classes.
A preliminary study of associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy in a rat model of liver cirrhosis

Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) in a rat model of liver cirrhosis has not, to the best of our knowledge, been previously investigated. The present study therefore aimed to establish a model of ALPPS in cirrhotic rats and to assess liver regeneration. Rats were randomly divided into an ALPPS group with carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis (group A) and a normal liver (group B). Rat weight, cytokine levels, biochemical parameters and histopathology were assessed 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 days after ALPPS. Higher aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were detected in group A on the first postoperative day. On the first, second and third days, hepatocyte proliferation rate was higher in group B than in group A. After 3 days, hepatocyte proliferation rate in group B began to decrease, but the rate in group A continued to increase until the 14th day. Higher levels of hepatocyte growth factor, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were detected in group A compared with group B, but the differences were not significant. The present study demonstrated that ALPPS promoted liver regeneration in a rat model of cirrhosis, but significantly impaired liver function. Compared with the ALPPS model, group B exhibited a delayed peak of proliferation. The mechanism of liver regeneration induced by ALPPS in cirrhotic rats may be associated with increased cytokine levels.
The Oral Health Knowledge and Self-care Practices of Pregnant Women in Saudi Arabia

Background. Pregnancy is a unique time in a woman's life and is characterized by complex physiological changes. These changes can adversely affect oral health. Oral health is a state of being free from chronic mouth and facial pain, oral and throat cancer, oral sores, periodontal (gum) disease, tooth decay and tooth loss, and other diseases, and disorders that affect the oral cavity. Risk factors for oral diseases include unhealthy diet, tobacco use, harmful alcohol use, and poor oral hygiene (WHO). Multiple studies have shown an association between periodontal infection and adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as premature delivery and low birth weight. Aim of this study assess women’s knowledge towards oral and dental health during pregnancy and to examine their self-care practices in relation to oral and dental health. Methodology The research will be conducted at randomly governmental primary health care centers and schools in Riyadh (Dawadmi region). A Quantitative Descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. two-hundred Saudi pregnant women selected randomly. Women who gave informed consent were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire and return it to the researcher A Structured questionnaire will be developed consisted of three parts, Demographic characteristics part, level of women`s Knowledge regarding oral health part & Self-care practice regard oral health care. Results, Conclusion & Recommendation. Age of participant women’s between 28 – 38 years (43.2%). Most of the participants had number of pregnancies between 4-6 (38.5 %). Regarding the level of knowledge about oral health, this study showed that 45% of mother had poor knowledge, and there is a significant relationship between the level of practice and the educational, professional status and attendance to antenatal clinic, which was started by 65% of the sample on time, however, they did not visit the dentist. This study recommends that the implementation of oral health programs in prenatal services is essential to delivery of dental care and decreasing the potential oral problems among pregnant women, as well as conducting careful screening of oral risks, and assisting women in obtaining regular dental care.
Global smoking trends in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review of inception cohorts

Background and aims The effect of smoking on the risk of developing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) may be heterogeneous across ethnicity and geography. Although trends in smoking for the general population are well described, it is unknown whether these can be extrapolated to the IBD cohort. Smoking prevalence trends specific to the global IBD cohort over time have not been previously reported. This is a systematic review of smoking prevalence specific to the IBD cohort across geography. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted on Medline and Embase from January 1st 1946 to April 5th 2018 to identify population-based studies assessing the prevalence of smoking at diagnosis in inception cohorts of Crohn’s disease(CD) or ulcerative colitis(UC). Studies that did not report smoking data from time of diagnosis or the year of IBD diagnosis were excluded. Prevalence of smoking in IBD was stratified by geography and across time. Results We identified 56 studies that were eligible for inclusion. Smoking prevalence data at diagnosis of CD and UC was collected from twenty and twenty-five countries respectively. Never-smokers in the newly diagnosed CD population in the West has increased over the last two decades, especially in the United Kingdom and Sweden; +26.6% and +11.2% respectively. Never-smokers at CD diagnosis in newly industrialised nations have decreased over the 1990s and 2000s; China (-19.36%). Never-smokers at UC diagnosis also decreased in China; -15.4%. The former-smoker population at UC diagnosis in China is expanding; 11%(1990–2006) to 34%(2011–2013). Conclusion There has been a reduction in the prevalence of smoking in the IBD cohort in the West. This is not consistent globally. Although, smoking prevalence has decreased in the general population of newly industrialised nations, this remains an important risk factor with longer term outcomes awaiting translation in both UC and CD.