Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Occupational Health and Safety Management System

Textile is an emerging sector of Pakistan. This sector plays an important role to increase the GDP of the country. Many male and female workers working in this sector to get employment. Women workers are more sensitive to the fluff produced from the different sections of the industry. The workers health and safety is necessary for the efficiency of work and to increase the yield in this sector. Health and safety are the physical, mental and social well being in the workplace. It is the responsibility of management to pay full attention for the enforcement of safety rules in the premises of the industry. If the workers violate the rules, punished them according to the (factory act) health and safety rules. If the accidents or emergency occurs, management provides the medical facilities and compensation to the workers. The workers have given the training and awareness over a specific time period. The workers were followed all the rule and regulation regarding the occupational health and safety. The management is also responsible for the implementation of occupational health and safety management system in the industry.
Inclusion of pupils with special education needs in Sudan : teachers perceptions of their competence and their perceived training needs

In Sudan, the education of children with special educational needs (SEN) in mainstream schools shows slow progress. The traditional medical approach, whereby the majority of children with SEN are educated in segregated schools or receive no education at all, is still the dominant recourse for educating pupils with all types of disabilities that may require special needs education. This research is the pioneering attempt to explore Sudan's context of special education, and teachers' perceptions of their competencies and training needs within mainstream education in relation to inclusion of pupils with SEN. The research was carried out in Khartoum, the capital city of Sudan, where three visits were made throughout the study to collect the relevant literature and data. Following extensive literature review of teachers' competencies related to SEN, a questionnaire was developed by the researcher. It was tested and used to collect quantitative data for the study. A total of 301 completed questionnaires, out of 325 distributed, were collected from fifty basic schools with a response rate of 92.6%. This was complemented by qualitative data obtained from semi structured interviews with 20 qualified teachers, 10 teacher trainers from the Faculty of Education University of Khartoum, and 10 educational supervisors responsible for advising and assessing teachers' performance in the state. The completed research concluded that teachers are open to inclusion, however, they need training in SEN. This is a genuine situation that could add to knowledge in literature on teachers' perceptions to inclusion and children with SEN. It was found that only 12 teachers had received any in-service or pre-service training in special educational needs. The findings also revealed that most educational supervisors had little or no training in this area. Teachers' perceptions did not vary with their personal characteristics. They generally showed lack of confidence in their competencies in all the dimensions investigated except personal skills. Importantly, they expressed a need for training to identify pupils with SEN, besides the need for support and advice in practical aspects of inclusion. As a result of these findings, a number of recommendations are made to modify the existing in-service and pre-service teachers training to include competencies related to SEN. It also recommends provision for continuing professional development and consultancy support for teachers; which in turn will help facilitate implementation of responsible inclusion.
Customer Attitudes Towards Participation and Health Data Sharing in the Digital Transformation of Finnish Insurance

The contemporary insurance ecosystem is digitally transforming to meet a myriad of emergent conditions pressured by an increase in available data. A paradigm shift necessitates new business models, digital practices, and customer relationships. To begin to understand the attitudes of customers within the digital transformation context, we conducted a large survey of Finnish insurance organization customers (N = 452). The survey gathered customer attitudes towards three factors of digital transformation: Participation in service development, visions and values of the service provider, and health data sharing. The results of the study offer a descriptive statistical snapshot of the attitudes of insurance customers in the Finnish case context relating to these topics; finding a lack of knowledge about the company digital strategy, a low perceived possibility to participate in the creation of services, a high level of trust, and a reluctance to share health data.
Image Analysis for Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Carotid Plaque Imaging

markdownabstract__Abstract__ Intraplaque neovascularization (IPN) has been presented as an important biomarker for progressive atherosclerotic disease and plaque vulnerability in several pathological studies. Therefore, quantification of IPN may allow early prediction of plaque at risk of rupture and thus prevention of future cardiovascular events such as stroke. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) enables us to detect and visualize IPN by use of ultrasound contrast agents. So, the degree of IPN can potentially be measured by quantitative imaging biomarkers derived from CEUS. Since quantification tools for IPN are scarce, so far mainly visual IPN scoring on CEUS clips has been used to assess IPN, which is subjective and tedious. Currently available commercial tools for contrast quantification, e.g. QLAB region of interest (ROI) quantification tool (Philips Medical Systems, Bothell, USA) and VueBox (Bracco Suisse SA, Geneva, Switzerland), are not suitable for quantitative analysis of IPN. These commercial quantification tools have been developed mainly for time intensity curve analysis (TIC) of large organs such as heart, liver and prostate, not for plaques. Plaques are very small and intermittently perfused. Therefore, the perfusion characteristics of plaques are quite different from those of large organs and TIC analysis as applied in large well-perfused organs is not applicable. Some IPN quantification approaches have been reported but they suffer from a number of limitations such as imaging artifacts and no or imperfect motion compensation. In this thesis work, we avoided the known limitations of IPN quantification methods reported in previous studies and developed and evaluated specialized IPN analysis tools for carotid CEUS image sequences.
The effects of resistance training and protein ingestion on skeletal muscle function in COPD

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a complex disease, characterised by progressive airflow obstruction and is a major cause of morbidity, mortality and healthcare usage in the UK. Quadriceps muscle dysfunction is a key cause of exercise intolerance in patients with COPD, manifested by reduced muscle mass and strength. This problem also imposes a burden to the health system as quadriceps dysfunction is an independent predictor of hospitalisation and mortality. Importantly, the quadriceps may provide a target for therapy in an otherwise irreversible lung disease and changes in strength after resistance training (RT) are well documented. Protein supplementation has been successfully used as an adjunct to RT in healthy populations. However the role of this therapeutic combination has not before been studied in a COPD population. Methods: This thesis describes a randomised controlled trial (RCT) which aims to explore the role of protein supplementation given immediately after RT, upon functional outcomes, in patients with COPD. The hypothesis was that RT, in combination with protein ingestion (at the time of training) will have greater effects on functional outcomes than RT alone (chapter 4). Secondary aims were to precisely explore the training intensity progression, fatigue profile (chapter 5) and cardiorespiratory load imposed by the RT (chapter 6) and to examine the measurement properties of the ActiTrac® physical activity (PA) monitors (chapter 7). In all chapters the response to the intervention in patients with COPD, is compared to healthy, age-matched controls.
Bacteriological Profile of Burns Wound.

Introduction - Burns are one of the most common and devastating forms of trauma and a major public health concern in all around the world. Gram-positive bacteria heavily colonize the wounds within 48 hours of the injury. By day 7, the wound is colonized with other microbes Spectrum of bacterial isolates varies with time and geographical area. In addition, the problem of multi-drug resistance in gram-negative bacilli due to ESBL production and in Gram-positive organisms MRSA is becoming a serious threat as the therapeutic options to these organisms are limited. Materials and methods - The study group consists of 100 patients admitted to burns ward in a tertiary care hospital. Surface wound swab, biopsy, blood and urine samples were collected under aseptic precautions. The samples were inoculated onto blood agar, Mac Conkey agar and the isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity was performed. Results – Of the 100 patients, 62 were females, 38 males. The most common affected age group was 16-25 years. Flames were most common cause of burns (82%). Klebsiella was the most common isolate followed by Staphylococcus. The most effective antibiotic was cefaperazone + sulbactam. Conclusion - Burn injuries were more common due to flames where suicidal burns constituted the major proportion. Swab sampling can be considered a good tool for monitoring burn wounds within the first week of treatment. But for patients who remain in the burns ward for a longer period, biopsy samples are justified as it gives the microbial load in the tissue. Klebsiella spp. was the most common organism isolated Because of the high incidence of resistant pattern of the organisms, judicious use of antibiotics based on antibiotic susceptibility pattern is recommended.
"No matter where you live, you need to belong": Unaccompanied minor Afghan refugees' reflections and experience of identity, citizenship and integration

Throughout the years, unaccompanied minor refugees have received increasing levels of attention in different contexts of society. In Norway, the phenomenon of immigration and integration are acknowledged as key elements at the top of the political agenda (Brekke & Mohn, 2018). This has particularly been the case in the aftermath of the European refugee crisis in 2015. There exist several opinions on how the youth are to successfully integrate, and this thesis seeks to explore the youth’s own perspectives on the matter. More specifically, the main aim is to assess how the unaccompanied minor Afghan refugees’ reflections and experiences of identity and citizenship may affect the process of integration. The data material derives from semi-structured interviews with eight unaccompanied minor Afghan refugees. The interviews were conducted in three different cities across Norway. The analyses are divided into three chapters – citizenship, identity and integration – and the findings point to the interaction between internal and external factors in the integrational process.
Comparing Force and Ratio Progressions from the Behavioral Economic Unit Price Equation

In behavioral economic demand, the currently predominant conceptualization of unit price suggests that increasing lever weight or ratio requirement should result in equal changes in unit price and thus identical changes in consumption. Data from the few studies that have compared consumption under ratio progressions and force progressions tend to show differences in consumption across the two manipulations, even with unit price adjustments. These studies, however, failed to measure the broader operant class (i.e., subcriterion responses) and the force of individual responses, so the present experiments extend this work by using a force transducer to measure responding. In Experiment 1, six rats responded for sweetened condensed milk across ascending prices composed of ratio or force progressions equated based on unit price. Consistent with prior research, results showed consumption differed across progression types, with force progressions producing more inelastic consumption across low unit prices than ratio progressions. As force criterion increased, the proportion of subcriterion relative to total responses increased. Experiment 2 aimed to investigate how these subcriterion responses impacted the demand functions obtained from the force progressions. In Experiment 2, demand curves were obtained by yoking reinforcer-by-reinforcer to the total number of responses (i.e., subcriterion and criterion) per reinforcer delivery from the force progressions for each rat. Some similar patterns of consumption were observed across the force and yoked progressions, but deviations were noted. Convergence in consumption was assessed across several candidate alternatives to unit price, with the greatest convergence produced by measures of cumulative time integral of force per 0.05-ml unit of reinforcer and mean cumulative response duration per 0.05-ml unit of reinforcer.
The Value of the Risk to Life in the Context of Crime

Abstract The value of the risk to life is a key element for benefit-cost analysis, enabling more rational public policy decisions in diverse areas as environmental, health, and crime. We value the risk to life in the context of crime using a discrete choice experiment (CE). The method has clear advantages in that it applies to the whole population and does not require vast data from labor markets, for example. Such data are not always available even in developed economies. Combining the stated preference approach with contingent valuation (CV), CE offer advantages yet to be explored in the context of crime. We demonstrate the application in a developing economy, where similar valuations are not available. The best estimate obtained for Argentina is an average of 1.5 million in 2015 US dollars per statistical life with a confidence interval ($1.1–$2.3). This result is consistent with estimates for the developed world, after appropriate transfer. We also analyze demographic factors in the risk to life, finding a positive influence of income, risk aversion, previous victimization experience and family size on the value of a statistical life, as well as a negative impact of individualism.
The Effectiveness of ISO 9001-Based Healthcare Accreditation Surveyors and Standards on Hospital Performance Outcomes: A Balanced Scorecard Perspective

Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of a new ISO 9001-based healthcare standard by examining the impact of the surveyor (auditor) on adoption outcomes through the lens of the balanced scorecard framework. Using survey data from 88 hospitals that adopted the new standard, the authors illustrate how the surveyor’s relationship with staff impacts process outcomes and hospital goal attainment. Supporting the sequential nature of the balanced scorecard perspective, their findings suggest that quality management programs must be grounded with knowledgeable surveyors who serve as a resource to the hospital. These conditions are positively associated with improved operations, enhanced relationships with hospital customers, and overall hospital performance. The surveyor-staff relationship emphasized in this study corroborates recent investigations suggesting there must be goal alignment between accrediting bodies and adopting organizations, and quality improvement impacts organizational goals through a sequential process. The authors also found that the surveyor plays a critical role in educating hospital staff regarding linkages between accreditation standards and hospital goals. Overall, hospital managers reported that adopting the ISO 9001-based standard improved relationships with government, insurance companies, and patients and increased overall performance objectives.
Does Housing Policy Sustainability Matter? Evidence from China

The housing market plays an important role in the Chinese economy and society. To promote the functioning of the housing market, the Chinese government has imposed many policies and regulations. However, most of these regulations do not take sustainability into consideration. Using a difference-in-difference approach, this paper investigated the impacts of home purchase restriction (HPR) on the housing market in China. While most studies have only focused on the impacts of HPR implementation on the housing market, we also investigated the effects of HPR removal. The results revealed that HPR brings about a decline in the growth of house prices and the impacts are more significant in the short run. Furthermore, the effects of HPR vary across different cities. , where they are particularly pronounced in the central and western cities. Moreover, there was no evidence to show that the removal of HPR affected house prices as expected. This suggests that it is important to improve the sustainability of housing policies, which has significant policy implications for obtaining a well-functioning housing market.
From Mad Men to Maths Men: Concentration and Buyer Power in Online Advertising

This paper analyzes the impact of intermediary concentration on the allocation of revenue in online platforms. We study sponsored search documenting how advertisers increasingly bid through a handful of specialized intermediaries. This enhances automated bidding and data pooling, but lessens competition whenever the intermediary represents competing advertisers. Using data on nearly 40 million Google keyword auctions, we first apply machine learning algorithms to cluster keywords into thematic groups serving as relevant markets. Using an instrumental variable strategy, we estimate a decline in the platform’s revenue of approximately 11 percent due to the average rise in concentration associated with intermediary merger and acquisition activity. (JEL C45, D44, G34, L13, L81, M37)
Corporate social responsibility in Vietnam: opportunities and innovation experienced by multinational corporation subsidiaries

Purpose This study aims to examine corporate social responsibility (CSR) with the opportunity- and innovation-based view of multinational subsidiaries (MNSs) in Vietnam. While CSR has traditionally been investigated in the developed market, this paper demonstrates how MNSs can take advantage of their CSR practises and create business opportunities and innovation activities for themselves and local society in Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach This is an exploratory qualitative research-based on four MNSs that have practised CSR in Vietnam. Data were collected from 18 individual interviews with managers and business leaders in four case firms. Findings This study finds that CSR activities in the studied firms potentially drive new business opportunities and innovation in the form of product, process, idea and management practises. In addition, both opportunities and innovation also benefit MNSs and the local community in Vietnam. Research limitations/implications The paper makes clear that CSR literature varies depending on the different countries or areas where the studies take place and these studies tend to focus on a specific area that was appropriate within a particular socio-economic and political context. Given that the business context in Vietnam is characterised by opportunities and incentives for innovation from the socio-economic of the context of a South East Asian developing market, the research provides an important first step in the integration and consolidation of CSR practises, opportunities and innovation. In light of the findings presented above, the study provides an important contribution to the CSR literature, particularly the CSR practises of multinational corporations (MNCs) in developing countries. Practical implications The study suggests that CSR practitioners in Asian emerging countries should ground themselves in an understanding of the local society and try to gain an understanding of the priorities of local stakeholders. MNCs should develop an appreciation of the context in which CSR is initiated, as addressing such issues often inspires firms to bring in social innovations in the form of products, services and processes and discover or create opportunities based on the emergent social problems through business solutions that overall benefit their business and local stakeholders. Originality/value This is one of the first studies to explore the interaction between MNSs undertaking CSR and business opportunities and innovation in the context of a developing country – Vietnam.
Perfil de sensibilidade de bactérias patogênicas isoladas de cães frente a antimicrobianos

The transmission of resistant bacteria from animals to humans is possible. Samples were collected from different breeds of dogs in different ages including males and females, with a variety of bacterial infections. The culture and antibiograma of isolated bacteria were analysed (n = 100), being evaluated as sensitive or resistant. Percentage of resistance of Gram-negative bacteria tetracycline 83.02%, azithromycin 81.48%, doxycycline 77.78%, ampicillin 62.96%, ceftiofur and florfenicol 50%, cephalexin 46,3%, enrofloxacin 44.44%, norfloxacin 18.52%, gentamicin 20.37%, levofloxacin 27.78%, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 31.48%, ciprofloxacin 31.48%, amikacin and ceftriaxone 33.33%, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim + sulfa (35.19%). Percentage of resistance of Streptococcus: tetracycline 80%, erythromycin 72%, enrofloxacin and levofloxacin 52%, ampicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, penicillin G and sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim 48%, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 4%, cephalexin 12%, florfenicol 24%, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone, and oxacillin 28%, chloramphenicol 32%. Percentage of resistance of Staphylococcus spp: ampicillin 57.14%, sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim and tetracycline 52.38%, amikacin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, gentamicin, levofloxacin, 4.76%, cephalexin, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone, and chloramphenicol 9.52%, vancomycin 13.33%, norfloxacin 19.05% ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and oxacillin 23.81% and azithromycin 33.33%. Dogs have resistant-multidrug bacteria that might pass through the plasmid resistant genes, explaining the resistance of isolated bacteria from dogs to human use of antimicrobials such as vancomycin.
The Quality of Life and Health Behavior Among the Elderly in Long Term Care Insurance Based on Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)

The purpose of this study was to assess the level of quality of life and related factors among the elderly in Korea. In particular, we focused on factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly in long term care. We used the third Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) from 2005. We sampled a total of 3,571 (10.5%) elderly from the national survey. We compared the mean of quality of life to socioeconomic status, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), health behavior, and disease variables. We used EuroQol-5D among KNHANES to assess the quality of life. In this study, the mean score of the quality of life among the elderly was 2.57. Logistic regression showed that the elderly who were male, with spouses, with health insurance, and with good ADL levels enjoyed higher quality of life scores and odds ratios than those who were female, divorced, uninsured, and with low ADL levels (p