Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interference Mitigation and Power Allocation Scheme for Downlink MIMO–NOMA HetNet

In this paper, a novel interference mitigation and power allocation (PA) scheme is investigated for downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology in heterogeneous networks (HetNets). The proposed scheme, named PA based interference alignment and coordinated beamforming (PA-IA-CB), consists of two stages. The first stage applies two steps of IA-CB; one step for canceling the inter-cluster and the co-tier interference among small cells, whereas the other step deals with the inter-cluster interference within the macro cell. In the second stage, the cross-tier interference is proposed to be managed by properly handling the allocated power to the macro base station (MBS) and the small base stations (SBSs). The PA problem is modeled as a non-cooperative game between the MBS and the SBS with the aim of increasing the system sum rate. Simulation results verify the efficiency of the proposed technique in terms of total system sum rate and outage probability compared to the conventional schemes.
Penentuan Keluaran Radiasi terhadap Pasien Berdasarkan Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Pesawat X Ray

There are three operating parameters of X-ray planes that greatly affect the acceptance of the dose by the patient, voltage (kV), X-ray output intensity and duration of irradiation. Because the intensity of X-rays is determined by an electric current (I) whose value is milliampere (mA), and the duration of irradiation (s), the last two parameters can be combined in the form of multiplication between current and time with mAs units. very influential on the patient dose value, patients who are obese are of course different in value from kv, ma and s with thin patients because of many factors, one of them is the different xray penetrating power of each thickness to get good image quality. X-ray radiation can have a negative impact on the human body, one of which is that it can damage cell tissue. Ionizing radiation is harmful to living tissue, even if the damage is slight, the tissue can still repair itself so that there is no permanent influence. Various radiation from radioactivity can ionize the material through which it passes. The danger of this radiation is not visible but dangerous
New tools for the detection of Phytophthora cinnamomi in environmental samples

Phytophthora cinnamomi (Rands) is one of the world’s most invasive plant pathogens and accurate diagnosis of its presence in plants and soil using molecular tools is very important. Few of the existing primers were found to discriminate between P. cinnamomi and a number of newly described species, and for those that could do so, the sensitivity was inadequate. Further, for my research, primers to detect both DNA and RNA were required, and the existing primers based on non-protein coding gene regions were inappropriate. New primers were developed based on the cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 (cox2) gene, a mitochondrial gene without introns and suitable for the RT-qPCR assay and applicable to both DNA and RNA. Procedures were modified to minimize loss of nucleic acids during extraction. These primers were specific for P. cinnamomi and able to detect as little as 150ag DNA. An exception was the closely related P. parvispora, which showed late amplification at high DNA concentrations. Primers were successfully used to detect infection in plant materials and in a range of soil types. The rate of decay of P. cinnamomi DNA and RNA in different soil types, under wet or dry conditions were also studied. P. cinnamomi DNA can survive in soil with no living host plant roots, for 378 days or more if the soil is dry, but only up to 90 days if it is wet. P. cinnamomi RNA can persist in soil for only 3 days or less in both dry and wet soil; in wet silty loam it could not be recovered after ~30 minutes. The clay content of the soil also affected the survival time of the DNA. Although RNA analysis is very accurate for the detection of living P. cinnamomi, the high cost of the analysis makes it impractical for widespread use at present. The new primers have already been adopted by the Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management as part of a best-practice protocol used to determine is P. cinnamomi is still present following eradication activities on Alcoa mine sites.
Perubahan Sosial Budaya Masyarakat Indonesia Dan Perkembangan Teknologi Komunikasi

Perkembangan teknologi komunikasi dan iformasi saat ini telah mencapai tingkat kebutuhan bagi manusai yang vital. Bukan saja dalam pemanfaatannya sebagai saluran komunikasi informasi antara individu dalam interaksi sosial, tertapi juga dalam lingkup yang lebih luas antar lembaga dengan lembaga, antar wilayah dengan wilayah hingga antar negara dan benua.
Stroke-Associated Infection Is an Independent Risk Factor for Poor Outcome after Acute Ischemic Stroke: Data from the Netherlands Stroke Survey

Background: Infections are a common and serious threat to patients with acute ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of infection on mortality and functional outcome at discharge and at 1 year. Methods: From a consecutive cohort study in 11 centers, the Netherlands Stroke Survey, we selected 521 patients with ischemic stroke admitted to hospital within 48 h of onset. Stroke-associated infection was defined as infection occurring within 7 days after admission. Poor outcome (modified Rankin score >2) was recorded at discharge and at 1 year. Results: Stroke-associated infection occurred in 78 patients (15%); 39 of these (7.5%) had pneumonia and 23 (4.4%) had urinary tract infection. Overall, 276 patients (53%) had a poor outcome at 1 year. Poor outcome was recorded in 69 patients with stroke-associated infection (88%), and 37 of the 78 patients with stroke-associated infection (47%) had died at 1 year. After adjustment for confounders, stroke-associated infection was associated with poor outcome at discharge [odds ratio (OR) 2.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0–6.7] and at 1 year (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.8–8.9). Pneumonia had a stronger association with poor outcome at 1 year (OR 10, 95% CI 2.2–46). Conclusions: This study suggests that stroke-associated infection, in particular pneumonia, is independently associated with poor functional outcome after ischemic stroke.
Regularised forecasting via smooth-rough partitioning of the regression coefficients

We introduce a way of modelling temporal dependence in random functions X(t) in the framework of linear regression. Based on discretised curves {Xi(t0),Xi(t1),…,Xi(tT)}, the final point Xi(tT) is predicted from {Xi(t0),Xi(t1),…,Xi(tT−1)}. The proposed model flexibly reflects the relative importance of predictors by partitioning the regression parameters into a smooth and a rough regime. Specifically, unconstrained (rough) regression parameters are used for observations located close to Xi(tT), while the set of regression coefficients for the predictors positioned far from Xi(tT) are assumed to be sampled from a smooth function. This both regularises the prediction problem and reflects the ‘decaying memory’ structure of the time series. The point at which the change in smoothness occurs is estimated from the data via a technique akin to change-point detection. The joint estimation procedure for the smoothness change-point and the regression parameters is presented, and the asymptotic behaviour of the estimated change-point is analysed. The usefulness of the new model is demonstrated through simulations and four real data examples, involving country fertility data, pollution data, stock volatility series and sunspot number data. Our methodology is implemented in the R package srp, available from CRAN.
Crowd counting using a self-attention multi-scale cascaded network

Recent developments of crowd analysis and behaviour prediction have attracted much attention. Crowd counting, as the essential and challenging task in crowd analysis, is riddled with many issues, such as large scale variations, serious occlusion, and so on. In this study, a self-attention-based multi-scale cascaded network called SAMC-Net to estimate density map for crowd counting, especially for high congested scene, is proposed. The proposed SAMC-Net consists of two components: a classification sub-network for density estimation and an end-to-end multi-scale convolution neural network for crowd counting. In order to reduce the negative effect of multi-scale issue on crowd counting task, the main network is designed as a multi-scale structure similar to U-Net. In order to enhance the crowd feature representation, this study proposes a self-attention-based crowd feature extraction way and uses it in the proposed SAMC-Net . Extensive experiments demonstrate the feasibility, effectiveness and robustness of the proposed SAMC-Net .
Relinquishing control in focus groups: the use of activities in feminist research with young people to improve moderator performance

This article explores the possibility for researchers to embrace the unpredictability of focus groups by using activities as a stimulus for conversation. Reflecting on a recent study with young women in Bristol exploring their perceptions of celebrity feminists, it argues that using writing and drawing activities forces the researcher to relinquish control, and their role as questioner and as expert, to the participants. Furthermore, by analysing the ways in which I frequently became uncomfortable at the consequences of this loss of control, trying to regain it and failing, I argue that the activities forced me to fully commit to the feminist ideals of research that I subscribed to, particularly redressing the hierarchical relationships in research settings. Finally, the article discusses the implications of these findings in feminist research, and the need more broadly to reflect on how methodological decisions impact on researchers’ own performances in focus groups.
Cost-Saving Early Diagnosis of Functional Pain in Nonmalignant Pain: A Noninferiority Study of Diagnostic Accuracy

Objectives. We compared two index screening tests for early diagnosis of functional pain: pressure pain measurement by electronic diagnostic equipment, which is accurate but too specialized for primary health care, versus peg testing, which is cost-saving and more easily manageable but of unknown sensitivity and specificity. Early distinction of functional (altered pain perception; nervous sensitization) from neuropathic or nociceptive pain improves pain management. Methods. Clinicians blinded for the index screening tests assessed the reference standard of this noninferiority diagnostic accuracy study, namely, comprehensive medical history taking with all previous findings and treatment outcomes. All consenting patients referred to a university hospital for nonmalignant musculoskeletal pain participated. The main analysis compared the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of both index screening tests. Results. The area under the ROC curve for peg testing was not inferior to that of electronic equipment: it was at least 95% as large for finger measures (two-sided p = 0.038) and at least equally as large for ear measures (two-sided p = 0.003). Conclusions. Routine diagnostic testing by peg, which is accessible for general practitioners, is at least as accurate as specialized equipment. This may shorten time-to-treatment in general practices, thereby improving the prognosis and quality of life.
Distribution of biomarkers of human exposure to persistent organic pollutants from the group of organohalogen compounds as a result of the impact of the environment

Abstract Organohalogen compounds constitute one of the important groups of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Among them, due to their long-term health effects, one should pay attention on polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs). In case of that anthropogenic group of environmental pollution, the scientific world faces a problem of not only checking their toxic influences on the human organism at different age, from the natal period till late elderly years, but also monitoring the levels of such a numerous group of compounds in various environments, including human tissues and body fluids. This gave birth to a concept of checking the levels of selected biomarkers of exposure in the human organism, calculating body burden and assessing the hazard exposure to human beings. This article is an attempt to answer the question whether testing only biomarkers for different groups of pollutants is enough to determine the threat to different human populations. CB-153 levels represent a significant share in the sum of the six indicator NDL-PCBs (42.96%). In contrary to PCBs, in the case of PBDEs, not only BDE-47 is a biomarker of exposure to the entire PBDEs group, the congener BDE-153 cannot be omitted. Among the compounds belonging to PFASs, only four are detected in the biological material. The PFOS is the dominant representative of this group in the blood samples. It constitutes approximately 75% of the total PFASs.
Non-invasive technique for endothelial dysfunction assessment using a CBP-RPPG model in healthy and non-healthy subjects

The endothelial layer, which covers the internal surface of the arteries and arterioles, plays a vital role in maintaining adequate perfusion through constantly adjusting arterial diameter to metabolic demand. This explains why endothelial dysfunction is known as an early marker of cardiovascular diseases. Flow mediated dilation (FMD) is a well-known technique to assess non-invasively the endothelial function. During FMD, blood circulation of a large artery, such as the brachial, is blocked for five minutes and then suddenly released leading to reactive hyperemia due to increase in the diameter of the tested artery. Such a change in the artery diameter can be measured using high frequency ultrasound imaging. As the FMD-ultrasound technique is remarkably operator dependent and requires a very expensive setup, it has been limited to clinical research only. The main objective of the present study is to assess the endothelial performance via a forward model between central blood pressure (CBP) and radial Photoplethysmography (RPPG). To this end, CBP, RPPG and ultrasound images of the brachial artery are non-invasively and simultaneously recorded from 93 subjects. Ultrasound images are analyzed by an automatic edge-detection software providing a precise measurement of the arterial diameter. Using a threshold of 10% dilation, subjects are categorized into normal (FMD≥10%) and impaired endothelium groups (FMD<10%). Using system identification techniques, an individual CBP-RPPG model is estimated for each subject. The fitness of the individual model's output is used as a feature for discriminating normal from unhealthy subjects. The difference between the fitness during baseline (before blockage) and after cuff release is found to be a powerful criteria with results showing 86% and 96% of sensitivity and specificity when compared to FMD-ultrasound as reference. These results support the possibility of using this PPG-based technique to assess the endothelial performance non-invasively, hence opening the way towards a practical, low-cost alternative to perform mass-screening.
Goodness-of-fit tests for the Weibull and extreme value distributions: A review and comparative study

Abstract This paper presents an up-to-date review of Goodness-of-Fit (GoF) tests for the two-parameter Weibull and Extreme Value distributions. This review includes classical tests and more recent ones. An extensive comparison study is presented, which allows to identify the most powerful tests. The comparison is made using the EWGoF R package. Some guidance is given on the selection of the most appropriate tests based on the features of the studied data. Finally, an application to industrial data is presented.
Slang Analysis of the Conversation among Drivers Gosend by Gojek: A Case Study in Whatsapp Group

This research discusses about slang language that occurs among drivers gosendinwhatsapp group. The research aims at analyzing slang based on its morphological processes and its function. The form of this research is qualitative descriptive which results descriptive data. The data are collected by using observations method (screenshoot) on the conversation among the driversgosend in WA group. Then the method is followed by full observation method, hence there is no interference from the researcher on the data collected. The focus of the research is on the analysis of slang in WA group by describing its morphological processes and its functions. In this research, first, the writers found some of the types of slang on morphological processes according to (Yule, 2006) used among driversGosendinwhatsapp group,namely blending, borrowing, clipping, initials and derivation by adding with specific affixes (suffix). Meanwhile, there are some functions according to what (Coleman, 2012) had proposed why among driversgosendinwhatsapp group, such as slang to express emotion, to express shared attitudes and values, and slang language was used because it’s easier in some way (usually quicker), everyone else uses it and it has become a habit or mannerism.
Stat260/cs294: Randomized Algorithms for Matrices and Data

Warning: these notes are still very rough. They provide more details on what we discussed in class, but there may still be some errors, incomplete/imprecise statements, etc. in them. Today, we will use the concentration results of the last few classes to go back and make statements about approximating the product of two matrices; and we will also describe an important topic we will spend a great deal more time on, i.e., random projections and Johnson-Lindenstrauss lemmas. Here is the reading for today. • Dasgupta and Gupta, " An elementary proof of a theorem of Johnson and Lindenstrauss " • Appendix of: Drineas, Mahoney, Muthukrishnan, and Sarlos, " Faster Least Squares Approximation " • Achlioptas, " Database-friendly random projections: Johnson-Lindenstrauss with binary coins " 5.1 Spectral norm bounds for matrix multiplication Here, we will provide a spectral norm bound for the error of the approximation constructed by the BasicMatrixMultiplication algorithm. Recall that, given as input a m × n matrix A and an n × p matrix B, this algorithm randomly samples c columns of A and the corresponding rows of B to construct a m × c matrix C and a c × p matrix R such that CR ≈ AB, in the sense that some matrix norm ||AB − CR|| is small. The Frobenius norm bound we established before immediately implies a bound for the spectral norm, but in some cases we will need a better bound than can be obtained in this manner. Since, in this semester, we will only need a spectral norm bound for the spectial case that B = A T , that is all that we will consider here.
Meta-Cognitive Awareness and Study Process of Senior Secondary School Science Students of Low Cognitive Ability Level

The study was designed to determine the meta-cognitive awareness and study processes of senior secondary school science students of low cognitive ability level. The study also examined the study processes and meta-cognitive awareness of male and female students of low ability level. Correlational survey research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised all the 9875 Senior Secondary School science students offering biology, chemistry and physics in all the public senior secondary schools in Education Zone C of Benue State for 2016/2017 academic session. The sample comprises 5892 low ability students from thirty-five (35) intact classes. Five research questions were generated and three null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Two sets of instrument used for data collection are Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) and Approach to Study Inventory (ASI). The students’ cognitive ability levels were determined using baseline data obtained from first term results in biology, chemistry and physics. The MAI and the ASI were both face and construct validated. Estimate of internal consistency was obtained through Cronbach’s alpha to be 0.881 for MAI and 0.729 for ASI. Mean, standard deviation, regression analysis and t-test were used for data analysis. It was found that the low cognitive ability level students are both aware of their knowledge and can regulate their cognition as well as adopted surface and deep approach in studying science. The result also indicates that 50.2% of the variation in the students’ study processes is as a result of the variation in their meta-cognitive awareness. It was also found that there was significant difference between the meta-cognitive awareness of male and female science students of low cognitive ability levels. Similarly, it was found that there was no significant difference between the study processes of male and female science students of low cognitive ability levels. Based on these findings, it was recommended among others that science teachers should ensure differentiated classroom activities and should be flexible in adapting different meta-cognitive strategies or approaches that encourages self-directing, self-monitoring and self-assessment so that students could have opportunity to engage in tasks appropriate to their ability, needs and level for effective teaching and learning. This help in developing self-learners who have the ability to plan their study process for the rest of their learning periods.
Cobalt-60, Proton and Electron Irradiation of a Radiation-Hardened Active Pixel Sensor

We present the key results of multiple dark current (DC) characterization campaigns of the HAS2 radiation-hardened active pixel sensor (APS). These characterizations encompassed Cobalt-60 total ionizing dose, proton and electron displacement damage tests at low and room temperature. This gives us the opportunity to discuss the relevance on this APS of two phenomena that had been previously observed on charge coupled devices (CCDs): room temperature displacement damage defect annealing, and the limited effects of electron displacement damage on dark current.
Extra-Solar Planetary Atmospheres and Interior Structure: Implications for Observational Signatures

Hot Jupiter exoplanets are a previously unknown and fascinating field of study. Models of planet formation based only around the Solar System did not predict their existence, occupying as they do the orbital region less than 0.1 AU from their parent stars. Believed to be tidally locked, always presenting the same face to the star, these gas giants are bathed in intense irradiation, and inhabit a regime alien to anything known in the Solar System. As exoplanetary surveys discover an increasing number of planets, the ubiquity of hot Jupiters in the galaxy continues to be confirmed. Both the evolution and the atmospheric dynamics of these unusual planets are natural focuses of study. However, most authors have historically concentrated on one or the other of these two lines of enquiry, although both are linked. In the case of gas giants in particular, which have no true ground or otherwise easily defined surface layer, the two regimes blend towards the outer layers of the planet. This convergence renders the possibility of model overlap ever more relevant, a possibility that is here studied, both independently and together, ultimately continuing to the modelling of the specific known exoplanets HD 209458b, HD 189733b, and WASP-7b. It is found that, while it is reasonable for interior evolution model results to be used to provide boundary conditions and atmospheric characteristics for the purposes of three-dimensional atmospheric modelling, the reverse is a much more difficult proposition, providing few truly relevant constraints. Observational characteristics are also predicted, with cyclic variability found in the case of HD 209458b, a more permanently variable state in the case of HD 189733b, and very little longitudinal temperature variation for the calmer atmosphere of WASP-7b.