Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, JOB SATISFACTION, AND TURNOVER

This paper attempts to propose a conceptual framework consisting of three human resources management (HRM) practice (supervision, job training, and pay practices), job satisfaction, and turnover, and to explain the relationships among these variables. Job satisfaction played an important role to employees’ turnover because it would lead employee resigned when their job satisfaction is low. The results indicate HRM practice a positively and significantly correlated with job satisfaction. On the other hand HRM practice and job satisfaction are negatively and significantly correlated with turnover. However, the results of HRM practice and job satisfaction are strong predictors of turnover.
A Dynamic Network with Individual Mobility for Designing Vaccination Strategies

Vaccination is a primary means to control infectious diseases. Few studies on vaccination strategies have explicitly considered the mobility of individuals. This article aims to evaluate the efficacy of three vaccination strategies in a dynamic social network, in which individuals are mobile between and within communities. The three vaccination strategies are applied to this social network for evaluation, including a travel‐based, a contact‐based, and a random vaccination strategy. Simulation results show that the contact‐based strategy, commonly seen in previous studies, is not always the most effective strategy in dynamic networks. This strategy is preferable for a population with a large number of intercommunity travelers, for instance in urban areas. On the other hand, the travel‐based strategy, although directly accounting for individual mobility, is not necessarily the most effective in dynamic networks either. This strategy is recommended for a population with a small number of intercommunity travelers, such as rural areas. In addition, one advantage of the travel‐based strategy over the other two is its efficacy in confining the spatial extent of affected areas. Results suggest that the intercommunity travel of individuals should be a major consideration for choosing proper vaccination strategies. By adding the spatial context into vaccination strategies, this research provides new insights into community‐based planning for infectious disease control.
Relationship of Age and Biomedical Risk Factors to Progression of Coronary Artery Disease *

The relationship between age, biomedical risk factors and the progression of occlusive disease of the coronary arteries was studied in 176 patients (age range, 27–66 years) who had undergone at least two cine angiograms. The biomedical risk factors of interest were serum concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, family history of coronary disease, electrocardiographic abnormalities, obesity, and age. The findings did not reveal any significant differences in mean lipid levels between patients showing progression of disease and those who did not. However, the distribution of serum cholesterol values indicated more hypercholesterolemic patients among the disease‐progression group, and more patients with ideal cholesterol levels among the no‐progression group. The other biomedical variables did not appear to be related to the progression of coronary disease. Among the older patients, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus were related to disease progression. Among the younger patients, smoking was related to progression.
www.cognizantcommunication.com Gene Expression Pattern and Downregulation of DNA Methyltransferase 1 Using siRNA in Porcine Somatic

USA DNA methylation plays a significant role in the expression of the genetic code and affects early growth and development through their influence on gene expression. Manipulation of the DNA methylation marks of differentiated cells will allow a better understanding of the different molecular processes associated with chromatin structure and gene expression. The objective of this study was to identify small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) with the ability to reduce DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) mRNA and consequently decrease Dnmt1 protein as well as DNA methylation in porcine cells. Fibroblasts from four porcine fetuses were established and cultured in 5% CO 2 in air at 38 ° C. Optimal transfection conditions were evaluated using a FITC-labeled control siRNA. Four Dnmt1-specific siRNAs were evaluated upon transfection of each cell line. A nonsilencing siRNA was used as a negative control. The expression patterns of Dnmt1 were analyzed by Q-PCR. The combination of 1 µ g of siRNA and a 1:6 siRNA to transfection reagent ratio produced the highest transient transfection rates without affecting cell viability. Downregulation of Dnmt1 varied between siRNAs. Transfection of porcine cells with highly effective siRNAs resulted in a drastic reduction of Dnmt1 mRNA and a slight decrease in protein production. However, this small reduction in the protein concentration induced significant genomic hypomethylation. These data suggest that although Dnmt1 mRNA abundance plays an important role during protein regulation, Dnmt1 enzyme is mainly posttranscriptionally regulated. Subsequent use of these cells for cloning, differentiation, and cancer studies will provide insight as to how methylation of the DNA affects genomic between siRNA, cell line, by Tu-less key’s test. In this study p < 0.05 was considered sig-phases nificant.
Germline cytotoxic lymphocytes defective mutations in Chinese patients with lymphoma

Certain patients with lymphoma may harbor mutations in perforin 1 (PRF1), unc-13 homolog D (UNC13D), syntaxin 11 (STX11), STXBP2 (syntaxin binding protein 2) or SH2 domain containing 1A (SH2D1A), which causes functional defects of cytotoxic lymphocytes. Data regarding the association between genetic defects and the development of lymphoma in Chinese patients are limited to date. In the present study, 90 patients with lymphoma were analyzed for UNC13D, PRF1, STXBP2, STX11, SH2D1A and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis. Mutations were observed in 24 (26.67%) patients; 16 patients exhibited mutations in UNC13D, 7 exhibited PRF1 mutations, and 1 exhibited monoallelic mutation in STX11. UNC13D c.2588G>A/p.G863D mutation was detected in 9 patients (10.00%) and in 4/210 controls (1.90%). This mutation was predicted to be pathogenic and it predominantly existed in the Chinese population. These findings suggest that impaired cytotoxic machinery may represent a predisposing factor for the development of lymphoma. Furthermore, these data describe a distinct mutation spectrum in Chinese patients with lymphoma, whereby UNC13D is the most frequently mutated gene. In addition, these findings suggest UNC13D c.2588G>A mutation is a founder mutation in Chinese patients.
Exploring human resource management practices in small and medium sized enterprises

This paper reports on empirical work recently conducted about the use and effectiveness of HRM practices in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). A telephone survey was conducted with 100 senior managers of SMEs to ascertain their use of a range of human resource practices and the extent to which they had found those practices successful in aiding the achievement of company objectives. Additionally in‐depth interviews were conducted with senior managers from a further 22 SMEs. Findings suggest that there is considerable diversity amongst SMEs in relation to their use of HR practices. A model is provided that identifies the key criteria that underlie the adoption of HRM practices, and the implications of the model are discussed.
Parental Attitudes and Demand for Schooling in Ethiopia

Parental attitudes towards education may determine a child's enrolment and years of formal education completed. To the extent that attitudes are measurable and important, they should explain household demand for schooling absent constraints. This study attempted to measure attitudes, explain their formation and investigate the role of attitudes in the allocation of human capital. Parental attitudes towards schooling were found generally to be favourable, and differences in attitudes helped explain household enrolment decisions. However, attitudes alone cannot account for low enrolment in rural Ethiopia. High direct and opportunity costs of schooling also limit school participation in the face of credit constraints. Copyright 2011 The author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Centre for the Study of African Economies. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com, Oxford University Press.
Prevention of Second Primary Tumors by an Acyclic Retinoid in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Oral administration with acyclic retinoid, a synthetic vitamin A analog, for a limited period of 12 months (48 weeks) prevented the development of second primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and also improved the survival of patients who underwent curative treatments of the initial tumor. Following that randomized controlled study reported in 1996 and 1999, we have continued to follow up the patients by medical imaging and blood chemical analyses, and found that the preventive effect of acyclic retinoid lasted up to 199 weeks after randomization (or 151 weeks after completion of retinoid administration). The retinoid’s effect was not mediated by reduction in hepatic necro-inflammation since no significant decrease in serum aminotransferase activity was seen in the retinoid group. Such observation seems quite distinct from the cancer-preventive mechanism of interferon, a potent immunopreventive agent for HCC. We have also shown here the reduction by the retinoid in serum levels of lectin-reactive α-fetoprotein (AFP-L3) and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), both of which indicate the presence of latent HCC cells. These results suggest that acyclic retinoid may delete such malignant clones before they expand to clinically detectable tumors and thereby inhibited second primary HCC. Once such latent clones are eradicated, it may well take at least several years for the next cancer clone to arise clinically. This may possibly explain a reason for the long-term effect of the retinoid even after the limited period of administration.
Helping Hand or Grabbing Hand? Central vs. Local Government Shareholders in Chinese Listed Firms

We analyze related party transactions between Chinese publicly listed firms and their state-owned shareholders to examine whether companies benefit or lose from the presence of government shareholders and politically connected directors. Minority shareholders seem to be expropriated in firms controlled by local governments, firms with a large proportion of local government directors on their board, firms without central government directors, and firms in provinces where local government bureaucrats are less likely to be prosecuted for corruption. In contrast, firms controlled by the central government (or having central government affiliated directors), benefit in related party transactions with their government parents. Copyright 2010, Oxford University Press.
The agricultural transformation

Publisher Summary From both historical and contemporary cross-section perspectives, the agricultural transformation seems to evolve through at least four phases that are roughly definable. The process starts when agricultural productivity per worker rises. This increased productivity creates a surplus, which in the second phase can be tapped directly, through taxation and factor flows, or indirectly, through government intervention into the rural-urban terms of trade. This surplus can be utilized to develop the nonagricultural sector, and this phase has been the focus of most dual economy models of development. For resources to flow out of agriculture, rural factor, and product markets must become better integrated with those in the rest of the economy. The progressive integration of the agricultural sector into the macro economy, via improved infrastructure and market-equilibrium linkages, represents a third phase in agricultural development. When this phase is successful, the fourth phase is barely noticeable; the role of agriculture in industrialized economies is little different from the rote of the steel, housing, or insurance sectors. But when the integration is not successfully accomplished—and most countries have found it extremely difficult for political reasons—governments encounter serious problems of resource allocation and even problems beyond their borders because of pervasive attempts by high-income countries to protect their farmers from foreign competition.
The Case for an EU-wide Measure of Poverty

Income poverty in the EU is normally measured by reference to income thresholds defined at the level of each member state, independently of any consideration of inequalities in income between member states. This approach has come under strain as a consequence of the recent enlargement of the EU: income differences between member states are now so wide that what is defined as the poverty threshold in the richer member states would count as an above-average income in the poorer member states. This paper proposes that, in order to cope with this new situation, measures of poverty based on EU-wide thresholds need to be utilised alongside existing measures. Quality of life indicators from the European Quality of Life Survey 2003 are used to show that the very high poverty rates in poorer member states that an EU-wide poverty measure would produce are a realistic reflection of the low living standards, strong sense of deprivation and impaired quality of life experienced by the majority of the population in those states. The policy implication drawn is that anti-poverty policy in the EU should be set as much in the context of the EU's convergence project as of social policy in the usual sense. Key words: poverty, European Union, quality
SHOULD WE PUT LOCALS IN CHARGE? MANAGING RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN PROSPECTIVE US - SOUTH AFRICAN JOINT VENTURES

Abstract Using a data set derived from South African managers in our empirical analysis of potential U.S.‐South Africa agreements. The picture that emerges from the analysis, posits that the need for highest work performance, knowledge management and strict control is high and the South African government's administrative barriers seem to be the most crucial problems for the prospective joint ventures. Furthermore, South African managers endorse issues such as plan for knowledge acquisition, distribution, interpretation and organizational memory/performance. US companies invest in South Africa to gain access to its market and South African companies get into joint ventures with US companies to tap into the appropriate knowledge know‐how and financial resources. Key directions for future research in international business stemming from the conceptual framework are also highlighted.
Promoting the Bank Savings Habit in Ghana: A Success in Marketing Technology Transfer

Given the importance of savings in the economic development effort of Third World countries, many have attempted its mobilization by extending [ILLEGIBLE] services to rural customers, who comprise the bulk of economic activities. These efforts have met with minimal success, however, in part because of the characteristics of rural (consumers and the reliance on financial rewards as the primary savings inducement. This article. " discuses, in the context of Ghana's savings mobilization program, the extent to which [ILLEGIBLE] on marketing know-how can enhance the success of bank-based savings mobilization programs in Third World contexts. The results indicate that marketing know-how can help achieve [ILLEGIBLE] World social objective such as rural savings mobilization.
How Many Teams Should We Manage at Once? The Effect of Multiple Team Membership, Collaborative Technologies, and Polychronicity on Team Performance

We explore the relationship between multiple team membership (the extent to which team members are engaged in more than one team and switch between different teams in a work day) and team performance. We argue that the number of MTMs has an inverted U-shaped relationship with team performance while the team average daily MTM is negatively related to performance. We propose that the use of collaborative technologies moderates the above relationships: when MTM is low technology use helps teams attain higher performance, when MTM is high collaborative technology use reduces performance. Conversely, variance in perceptions of technologies’ usefulness negatively moderates the above relationships. Finally, we expect teams whose members are more polychronic to perform better when MTM is high, but teams whose members are very diverse in terms of polychronicity to experience reduced performance. We are exploring these issues through a mixed-methods field study conducted in an IT
Theoretical Approaches to Film-Motivated Tourism

This paper examines the history of the relationship between tourism and the moving image, providing an overview of the way this relationship has been conceptualised in both tourism studies and media studies. The range of motivations within the film tourist experience is discussed, focusing in particular on the ways in which a tourist attraction's relationship with the complex notion of “authenticity” can have both a positive and a negative effect on the site, its management, and its stakeholders.
Double plate fixation for the management of proximal interphalangeal joint instability in 30 horses (1987–2015)

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Double plate fixation has been reported in a small number of horses with comminuted fractures of the middle phalanx. There are no published reports using this technique in the management of other injuries that destabilise the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIJ), including biaxial palmar/plantar eminence fractures and disruption of the palmar/plantar soft tissue support structures of the PIJ. Furthermore, there is a paucity of information on the long-term prognosis for horses undergoing double plate fixation to manage destabilising injuries of the PIJ. OBJECTIVES To document further the clinical use of double plate fixation for management of injuries to the PIJ resulting in palmar/plantar instability and compare these results with other methods of management. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series. METHODS The case records and radiographs of 30 horses with destabilising injuries to the PIJ treated by double plate fixation at Texas A&M University between 1987 and 2013 were analysed. Long-term follow-up information was obtained by telephone interview with the client or referring veterinarian. RESULTS Thirty-one disruptive PIJ injuries were double plated in 30 cases. Twenty-nine of 30 horses were discharged from the hospital. The medial time for post operative external coaptation was 41 days. Long-term follow-up (>2 years) was available for 25 horses, of which 15 (60%) returned to useful function. Radiographic evidence of fracture healing and arthrodesis of the PIJ was evident in 28 (90%) repairs at 6 months following repair. CONCLUSIONS The use of 2 abaxially placed dorsal plates for management of destabilising injuries to the PIJ results in a very good prognosis for survival and a reasonable prognosis for return to functional use.
Examining the Competitive Advantage of Diuraphis noxia (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Biotype 2 Over Biotype 1

ABSTRACT The Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) is a serious pest of small grains, such as wheat and barley. High population growth rates and a broad gramineae host range have allowed this aphid to successfully establish and become pestiferous across much of North America since its invasion in the mid-1980s. Resistant wheat cultivars were developed and provided control of D. noxia until 2003, when a new biotype (designated RWA2, as contrasted with the original biotype’s designation, RWA1) emerged and rapidly spread through dryland winter wheat-growing regions. RWA2 displaced RWA1 more quickly than expected, based on RWA2’s advantage in RWA1-resistant wheat cultivars. Previous research suggested that RWA2 may out-compete RWA1 in cooler temperatures. Thus, we sought to determine if RWA2 had a competitive advantage over RWA1 during the overwintering period. We placed a known distribution of RWA1 and RWA2 aphids in the field for the winter at three sites across a latitudinal gradient (from northern Colorado to Texas) to test for a competitive advantage between these biotypes. We found overwhelming support for an overwintering competitive advantage by RWA2 over RWA1, with evidence suggesting a >10-fold advantage even at our Texas site (i.e., the site with the mildest winter). This substantial overwintering advantage helps explain the quick dispersion and displacement of RWA1 by RWA2.
Targeting Focal Adhesion Kinase With Small Interfering RNA Prevents and Reverses Load-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Mice

Hypertrophy is a critical event in the onset of failure in chronically overloaded hearts. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has attracted particular attention as a mediator of hypertrophy induced by increased load. Here, we demonstrate increased expression and phosphorylation of FAK in the hypertrophic left ventricles (LVs) of aortic-banded mice. We used an RNA interference strategy to examine whether FAK signaling plays a role in the pathophysiology of load-induced LV hypertrophy and failure. Intrajugular delivery of specific small interfering RNA induced prolonged FAK silencing (≈70%) in both normal and hypertrophic LVs. Myocardial FAK silencing was accompanied by prevention, as well as reversal, of load-induced left ventricular hypertrophy. The function of LVs was preserved and the survival rate was higher in banded mice treated with small interfering RNA targeted to FAK, despite the persistent pressure overload. Studies in cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts harvested from LVs confirmed the ability of the systemically administered specific small interfering RNA to silence FAK in both cell types. Further analysis indicated attenuation of cardiac myocyte hypertrophic growth and of the rise in the expression of β-myosin heavy chain in overloaded LVs. Moreover, FAK silencing was demonstrated to attenuate the rise in the fibrosis, collagen content, and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in overloaded LVs, as well as the rise of matrix metalloproteinase-2 protein expression in fibroblasts harvested from overloaded LVs. This study provides novel evidence that FAK may be involved in multiple aspects of the pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and failure induced by pressure overload.
The spillover and leverage effects of ethical exchange traded fund

Using the Exponentially Generalized AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity-AutoRegressive Moving Average (EGARCH-ARMA) model, there are no differences in terms of the spillover of returns from volatilities and leverage effects between ethical and non-ethical Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) against benchmark indexes after applying negative ethical screening on ETFs. The lagged ethical ETF returns unilaterally influence current stock index returns or the bilateral relationships between them. This article sheds new light on the selection process involved in ethical ETFs and may provide clues for fund managers as they reward investors who prefer ethical value investments.