Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial intentions among students: a case of Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa

This article presents findings of a study conducted among university students to determine perceptions of entrepreneurial intention. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire in a classroom setting, and of the returned questionnaires, 537 were valid for analysis. The participants consisted of students registered for both Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Skills. Factor analysis identified two key factor components relating to self-efficacy. The findings indicate that entrepreneurship education is likely to enhance students’ self-confidence to start businesses. This is evident in the optimism displayed by the students. Most of the students indicated that they intended to start businesses as soon as they had completed their studies. Notably, if entrepreneurship education is well developed, it could essentially benefit students intending to follow entrepreneurship as a career.
An interregional extension of destination brand equity

Since the 1990s, the Asia-Pacific region’s world market share of international travelers has increased, as America’s and Europe’s shares have fallen. China (People’s Republic of China) has become the world’s biggest tourism source market with an overseas spend of US$292 billion in 2015, fueling opportunities for the region and beyond. Now, Asia Pacific outbound travel is extending past short-haul interregional travel to long-haul destinations, specifically Europe. To realize this potential, European destinations need a better understanding of the Chinese traveler; their perceptions of destinations, awareness, and loyalty. This study measures the brand equity of Switzerland and Austria as perceived by Hong Kong Chinese tourists. Structural equation modeling results indicate that destination brand image and associations significantly impact brand loyalty, whereas destination awareness does not, contrary to past interregional research findings. Understanding the influence of brand components on overall brand equity supports the efficacy of the brand equity model for interregional destinations.
Exchange Rate Pass-Through in the Euro Area

In this paper we analyse the exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) in the euro area as a whole and for four euro area members - Germany, France, Italy and Spain. For that purpose we use Bayesian VARs with identification based on a combination of zero and sign restrictions. Our results emphasize that pass-through in the euro area is not constant over time - it may depend on a composition of economic shocks governing the exchange rate. Regarding the relative importance of individual shocks, it seems that pass-through is the strongest when the exchange rate movement is triggered by (relative) monetary policy shocks and the exchange rate shocks. Our shock-dependent measure of ERPT points to a large but volatile pass-through to import prices and overall very small pass-through to consumer inflation in the euro area.
Organisational temporal landscapes and individual timescapes : experiences of time in an e-learning and e-mentoring project in a UK university business school.

This thesis focuses on time and the relationships between the temporal characteristics or landscapes of an educational project located in a university business school, and the individual experiences of the project members. The specific focus of the research is the EMPATHY Net-Works project which supported women into employment through a taught module and e-mentoring. Using Giddens's structuration theory, I explore the temporal landscapes of the EMPATHY Net-Works project and the ways in which it was influenced by its context and project members, and also the ways in which the temporal landscapes influenced the experiences of project members. I use an interpretivist approach and develop an ethnographic case study in which my role is participant-as-oberserver. My data came from project documentation, online discussion group messages and interviews. I use two approaches to data analysis: a classification framework based on contemporary temporal research; and also temporal metaphors. My interpretation of the data indicates that the temporal landscape of the project is complex and there are many commonalities and some differences between the temporal landscapes of the Business School, the EMPATHY NetWorks project and the taught module. The mentoring process appears to have a distinct temporal landscape. My study explores the subjective experiences of project members and their temporal personality or timescape. I demonstrate that within the project team we reproduced a traditional academic temporal framework. This framework facilitated the students' learning experiences. I also explore the importance of temporal frameworks in supporting the mentoring process. I reflect on both the impact of my temporal personality and perspectives on this research and also my temporal experiences during my work on this thesis. Finally, I identify my contributions to knowledge, areas for future research, and the implications of my findings for facilitators and managers of e-learning and e-mentoring projects.
Quantitative IFN-γ and IL-2 Response Associated with Latent Tuberculosis Test Discordance in HIV-infected Pregnant Women.

RATIONALE Pregnant women with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are at high risk for development of TB, especially if infected with HIV. OBJECTIVES To assess the performance of LTBI tests in pregnant and postpartum women infected with HIV, investigate the immunology behind discordance in pregnancy, and explore the implications for the development of postpartum TB. METHODS We screened pregnant women in their second/third trimester and at delivery for LTBI using the tuberculin skin test (TST) and IFN-γ release assay (IGRA) (QuantiFERON Gold). A subset of antepartum women had longitudinal testing, with repeat testing at delivery and postpartum and additional cytokines measured from the IGRA supernatant. The kappa statistic and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to determine agreement and comparison of cytokine concentrations, respectively. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Of 252 enrolled, 71 (28%) women had a positive IGRA but only 27 (10%) had a positive TST (P < 0.005). There was 75% agreement (kappa, 0.25). When stratified by pregnancy versus delivery, 20% had IGRA(+)/TST(-) discordance at each time point. A positive IGRA was associated with known TB contact (odds ratio, 3.6; confidence interval, 1.2-11.1; P = 0.02). Compared with IGRA(+)/TST(+), women with IGRA(+)/TST(-) discordance had significantly less IFN-γ (1.85 vs. 3.48 IU/ml; P = 0.02) and IL-2 (46.17 vs. 84.03 pg/ml; P = 0.01). Five developed postpartum TB, of which three had IGRA(+)/TST(-) discordance during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Choice of LTBI test in pregnant women infected with HIV affects results. Pregnant women with IGRA(+)/TST(-) discordance had less IFN-γ and IL-2 than those with concordant-positive results and may represent an especially high-risk subset for the development of active TB postpartum.
An Interpretable Fuzzy System Learned Through Online Rule Generation and Multiobjective ACO With a Mobile Robot Control Application

This paper proposes a new multiobjective optimization approach to designing a fuzzy logic system (FLS) using process data and applies it to the wall-following control of a mobile robot. The objectives considered include both the interpretability and control performance of the FLS. It is assumed that no off-line training data are available in advance, and the rule base is initially empty. All rules are generated through an online clustering and fuzzy set merging (OCFM) algorithm using data generated online during the FLS evaluation process. The OCFM builds a reference rule base that flexibly partitions the input space with distinguishable fuzzy sets (FSs). Based on the reference rule base, a new multiobjective front-guided continuous ant-colony optimization (MO-FCACO) algorithm is proposed to optimize the FLS structure and parameters. In addition to the objective functions defined to evaluate the FLS control performance, a transparency-oriented objective function is defined with constraints imposed on the FS parameters to obtain an interpretable FLS with transparent FSs. The MO-FCACO solves the constrained multiobjective optimization problem by optimizing all of the free parameters in an FLS through ant-path selection, sampling operation, and front-guided optimization processes. The multiobjective FLS design approach is applied to control the orientation and moving speed of a mobile robot in performing the wall-following task. Optimization performance of the MO-FCACO is verified through comparisons with various multiobjective population-based optimization algorithms. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the designed FLSs in controlling a real robot.
Teacher professional development in Indonesia: The influences of learning activities, teacher characteristics and school conditions

University of Wollongong Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorise you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this work may be reproduced by any process, nor may any other exclusive right be exercised, without the permission of the author. Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. A court may impose penalties and award damages in relation to offences and infringements relating to copyright material. Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Wollongong.
Effect of infrared laser in the prevention and treatment of paresthesia in orthognathic surgery.

Abstract: Orthognathic surgery is the surgical procedure that makescorrecting deformities of the bones in the region of the maxilla andmandible a reality in the Brazilian dentistry. However, this type ofsurgery usually involves paresthesia in the postoperative period,concerningthesurgeonswhoperformthemandgeneratingdiscomfortto patients. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of infrared laser(830 nm) in the prevention and treatment of paresthesias afterorthognathicsurgery.Sixpatientsunderwentorthognathicsurgery:theexperimentalgroupcomposedof4patientsandthecontrolgroupthatdidnotreceivelasertherapycomposedof2patients.Theexperimentalgroup received laser applications during the transoperative and12 postoperative sessions. Tests for mechanical (deep and shallow)and thermal (cold) sensitivity were performed in the preoperative andpostoperative period (during 12 sessions) in the lip and chin areasby the same operator. The paresthesiawas classified into 1, strong; 2,moderate; 3, mild; and 4, absent, through the patient’s response tostimuli. The results showed that all patients had no disturbance ofsensitivity in the preoperative period, but paresthesia was presentedat various levels in the postoperative period. Both groups showedrecovery of deep mechanical sensitivity within a shorter time intervalcompared with the superficial mechanical and thermal sensitivity.However, at the 12th assessment, patients who underwent the lasertherapy showed better reduction in the level of paresthesia or evencomplete regression of this. The laser, therefore, brought benefits tothe treatment of paresthesia, accelerating the return of neurosensorialsensitivity.Key Words: Orthognathic surgery, paresthesia, laser therapy,prevention, treatment(J Craniofac Surg 2013;24: 708Y711)
Recognition of Facial Expressions of Emotion by Chinese Adults with Mental Retardation

We compared the ability of Chinese adults with mental retardation and nonhandicapped Chinese children to recognize the six basic facial expressions of emotion. Each subject was told a story identifying an emotion, presented with an array of six photographs of basic facial expressions of emotion, and asked to point to the photograph that depicted the story's emotion. Results showed that the children were more accurate than the adults in recognizing facial expressions of emotion except happiness on which both groups achieved 100% accuracy. Surprise, fear, anger, and disgust were confused most often by both groups. Recognition proficiency was not significantly correlated with age in the children or with IQ in the adults. Our results partially replicated those reported in earlier studies with non-Chinese individuals with mental retardation and raised the possibility that there may be cultural influences on a person's ability to recognize facial expressions of emotion.
pp60c-src binding to polyomavirus middle T-antigen (MT) requires residues 185 to 210 of the MT sequence

Interaction with the src family of tyrosine kinases is crucial to the transforming action of polyomavirus middle T-antigen (MT). Association with MT activates the tyrosine kinase activity of pp60(c-src) and, through subsequent MT phosphorylation, creates binding sites for signalling molecules whose stimulation culminates in cell transformation. Despite this importance, and many studies, little is known of the mechanisms by which pp60(c-src) binds to MT. We report here isolation of the first MT mutants that disrupt pp60(c-src) binding without affecting the interaction between MT and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Through deletion analysis we established that interaction with pp60(c-src) requires the sequences between amino acids 185 and 210 of MT, but these residues have no effect on PP2A binding. Cells expressing these mutants showed few altered properties, indicating that the PP2A-MT interaction alone has little influence on cell phenotype. Subcellular location of these mutant MT molecules was indistinguishable by immunofluorescence analysis from that of wild-type MT but was altered markedly on loss of PP2A binding. This suggests a possible role for PP2A in specifying subcellular distribution.
Understanding the Meaning of Community Engagement for Aging in Place within a Social Capital Framework

i ACKNOWLDEGMENTS iii I. AGING PERSONS AND AGING SUBURBS 1 Purpose of Research 3 Rethinking Aging in Place 3 Research Problem 4 II. LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 6 Social Capital as a Framework for Interpreting Community Engagement 6 in Places of Age Frameworks for Interpreting Age Dynamics within a Changing 10 Suburban Environment Frameworks for Interpreting Community Engagement in Places of Age 14 Conceptual Framework for Exploring Community Engagement 21 in a Place of Age III. METHODOLOGY 23 Overview of Research Design 23 Unit of Analysis 23 Sampling Method 24 Development of Data Collection Instrument 34 Trustworthiness of Data 39 Analysis and Coding 41 IV. THE PLACE 48 The Character of the Place 48
TO STUDY THE RELATIONSHIP OF FINANCIAL LITERACY AND INVESTMENT BEHAVIOUR OF SALARIED CLASS INDIVIDUALS OF DELHI

Financial literacy comprises of skills and knowledge that enables the individual to understand the principles of finance that an individual requires to know to make informed financial choices and decisions and also the financial products that influence the financial well-being of an individual. With the advent of technology and explosion of information it is difficult for an individual to evaluate risk associated with the new genre of financial products. Invariably, bare minimum financial literacy level is must for an individual to understand risk and return related to financial products. The current study attempted to examine the association between financial literacy of salaried individuals of Delhi and their awareness index related to various products of finance. The study also investigated the association between level of financial literacy and salaried individual’s investment behaviour. The data was collected through the structured questionnaire from the salaried individuals residing within Delhi, 180 useable questionnaires were received. The data was analysed using SPSS 16, T- test and Chi-square test. The results revealed that salaried individuals level of financial literacy of individuals have effect on their financial products awareness as well as their investment preference. It is recommended to bridge the gap of research studies by including all sections of the society.
Perfusion Abnormalities in Subchondral Bone Associated with Marrow Edema, Osteoarthritis, and Avascular Necrosis

Abstract: Bone marrow edema is seen in osteoarthritis, avascular necrosis, and other clinical conditions including the bone marrow edema syndrome. Bone marrow edema is associated with bone pain and may be related to the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. Our hypothesis is that bone marrow edema is associated with a reduction in perfusion in subchondral bone, which contributes to focal and segmental bone necrosis and cartilage breakdown. We further hypothesize that altered fluid dynamics in subchondral bone comprise part of the physicochemical environment to which osteocytes are highly sensitive and alter their cytokine expression profile in response to changes in fluid flow, pressure, and oxygen gradients. We have used contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging with Gd‐DTPA to characterize changes in subchondral bone perfusion in two relevant and related models—the Dunkin–Hartley guinea pig model of osteoarthritis and human bone marrow edema associated with osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis. Pharmacokinetic modeling was used to extract dynamic parameters of perfusion. Representative time‐intensity curves are derived, which characterize normal bone and bone with marrow edema. Dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging may be a useful tool for the early diagnosis of bone perfusion abnormalities and may be used to characterize marrow edema associated with a number of clinical conditions. This technique may also shed light on the pathophysiology of subchondral perfusion in osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis.
Organizational Socialization Context: Evidence from the Microfinance Sector in the Developing Country

Although extant literature mainly emphasizes socialization models like early life socialization, socialization stage models, socialization tactics, newcomer learning and individual differences, little attention has been paid to the socialization in the organizational context. The main purpose of the research is to examine how context influences the organizational socialization process. The study has carried out multilevel organization analysis employing a single case study in the microfinance sector of Bangladesh. The study finds that contextual factors such as structure, goals, job role and environment facilitate and also constrain the socialization process. Institutional, formal, group and informal socialization tactics are commonly practiced in the multiple levels of the microfinance institution. Socialization stages such as learning and initiation, encountering and adjustment are commonly practiced and they are associated with uncertainty and environmental constraints. Overall, the study argues that context is critical in understanding and explaining socialization process.
Human enteric neuropathies: morphology and molecular pathology

Abstract The aim of this study is to review current understanding of the molecular and morphological pathology of the enteric neuropathies affecting motor function of the human gastrointestinal tract and to evaluate the described pathological entities in the literature to assess whether a new nosology may be proposed. The authors used PUBMED and MEDLINE searches to explore the literature pertinent to the molecular events and pathology of gastrointestinal motility disorders including achalasia, gastroparesis, intestinal pseudo‐obstruction, colonic inertia and megacolon in order to characterize the disorders attributable to enteric gut neuropathies. This scholarly review has shown that the pathological features are not readily associated with clinical features, making it difficult for a patient to be classified into any specific category. Individual patients may manifest more than one of the morphological and molecular abnormalities that include: aganglionosis, neuronal intranuclear inclusions and apoptosis, neural degeneration, intestinal neuronal dysplasia, neuronal hyperplasia and ganglioneuromas, mitochondrial dysfunction (syndromic and non‐syndromic), inflammatory neuropathies (caused by cellular or humoral immune mechanisms), neurotransmitter diseases and interstitial cell pathology. The pathology of enteric neuropathies requires further study before an effective nosology can be proposed. Carefully studied individual cases and small series provide the basic framework for standardizing the collection and histological evaluation of tissue obtained from such patients. Combined clinical and histopathological studies may facilitate the translation of basic science to the clinical management of patients with enteric neuropathies.
Energy Consumption and Habit Formation: Evidence from High Frequency Thermostat Data

Using minute-by-minute data from over 60,000 smart thermostats in households distributed across the United States, we analyze the persistence of energy consumption in response to external shocks. In particular, we consider the impulse response of shocks such as weather events, local energy prices, political action, and news coverage of energy-related stories on how people set their thermostats. This allows us measure the responsiveness of consumer energy-use behavior to external stimuli. The analysis will help develop our understanding of habitual behavior that gives insight into what effects long term change and what triggers the choice to reconsider ones passive choices. We find that temperature choices do respond to external temperature shocks in both short run and long run, providing evidence for both habituation and homeostasis. There is also evidence suggesting that consumers do respond to both price and non-price external nudges in the long run as well. The results have direct policy implications on how conservation policies impact energy use–failure to understand the influence of habit on decision making can lead us to over-estimate the impact of short term policy nudges but underestimate the long run impact of small changes–and how changing trends in climate, in energy prices, in news coverage, and political action, impact consumer behavior.