Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 3T1R Nonvolatile TCAM Using MLC ReRAM for Frequent-Off Instant-On Filters in IoT and Big-Data Processing

Existing nonvolatile ternary content-addressable-memory (nvTCAM) suffers from limited word-length (WDL), large write-energy (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E_{W})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and search-energy (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E_{S})$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and large cell area (A). This paper develops a 3T1R nvTCAM cell using a single multiple-level cell (MLC)-resistive RAM (ReRAM) device to achieve long WDL, lower <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E_{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E_{S}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and reduced cell area. Two peripheral control schemes were developed, dual-replica-row self-timed and invalid-entry power consumption suppression (IEPCS), for the suppression of dc current in 3T1R nvTCAM cells in order to reduce <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E_{S}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Two versions of the IEPCS scheme were developed (basic and charge-recycle-controlled) to alter the tradeoff between area overhead and power consumption in the updating of invalid-bits. A <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$128~\text {b} \times 64$ </tex-math></inline-formula> b 3T1R nvTCAM macro was fabricated using back-end-of-line ReRAM under 90-nm CMOS process. The fabricated MLC-based 3T1R nvTCAM macro achieved sub-1-ns search-delay and sub-6-ns wake-up time with supply voltage of 1 V and WDL = 64 b.
Chemically Synthesized SDF-1α Analogue, N33A, Is a Potent Chemotactic Agent for CXCR4/Fusin/LESTR-expressing Human Leukocytes*

Stromal cell-derived factor (SDF) 1 is a potent chemoattractant for leukocytes through activation of the receptor CXCR4/Fusin/LESTR, which is a fusion co-factor for the entry of T lymphocytotropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). This CXCR4-mediated HIV-1 fusion can be inhibited by SDF-1. Because of its importance in the study of immunity and AIDS, large scale production of SDF-1 is desirable. In addition to recombinant technology, chemical synthesis provides means by which biologically active proteins can be produced not only in large quantity but also with a variety of designed modifications. In this study, we investigated the binding and function of an SDF-1α analogue, N33A, synthesized by a newly developed native chemical ligation approach. Radioiodinated N33A showed high affinity binding to human monocytes, T lymphocytes, as well as neutrophils, and competed equally well with native recombinant SDF-1α for binding sites on leukocytes. N33A also showed equally potent chemoattractant activity as native recombinant SDF-1α for human leukocytes. Further study with CXCR4/Fusin/LESTR transfected HEK 293 cells showed that N33A binds and induces directional migration of these cells in vitro. These results demonstrate that the chemically synthesized SDF-1α analogue, N33A, which can be produced rapidly in large quantity, possesses the same capacity as native SDF-1α to activate CXCR4-expressing cells and will provide a valuable agent for research on the host immune response and AIDS.
Cardiovascular Toxicities of Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: An Opportunity for Systems‐Based Approaches

Once universally considered a rapidly fatal condition, cancer has increasingly become a chronic medical condition and comorbidities and adverse effects of cancer therapies have become increasingly significant. One of the leading advancements that has gained traction for the treatment of a variety of malignancies is the class of small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Although, in many aspects revolutionary, TKIs have their own profile of side effects, including cardiovascular side effects, the most common being hypertension (HTN), congestive heart failure, corrected QT (QTc) prolongation, and instances of premature coronary heart disease. Herein, we describe the mechanisms of small TKI‐induced cardiovascular toxicity and related intracellular signaling. In particular, systems‐based approaches to the understanding of small TKI‐induced cardiovascular toxicity are addressed. The pathophysiology of synergic cardiovascular toxicity from TKIs, anthracyclines, and monoclonal antibodies (e.g., trastuzumab, bevacizumab) is illustrated. Finally, recommendations are made for implementing systems medicine in clinical practice, for individualized cardiovascular wellness after cancer therapy.
Interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in cervical fluid in a population of Swedish women in preterm labor: relationship to microbial invasion of the amniotic fluid, intra-amniotic inflammation, and preterm delivery.

BACKGROUND Intrauterine infection and inflammation in women with preterm labor are related to adverse perinatal outcome. Due to its subclinical nature, a correct diagnosis depends on retrieval of amniotic fluid. Amniocentesis is, however, not performed as a clinical routine because of its invasiveness. Hypothetically, cytokines in the cervical fluid may represent an alternative diagnostic approach. The aim was to examine cervical interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in relation to microbial invasion of the amniotic fluid, intra-amniotic inflammation, and preterm birth in women in preterm labor. METHODS Women with singleton pregnancies in preterm labor (<34 weeks of gestation) and intact membranes were included. Cervical (n = 91) and amniotic fluids (n = 56) were collected. Polymerase chain reaction for Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis and culture for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were performed. IL-6 and IL-8 were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Non-lactobacillus-dominated biota was detected in cervical secretion in 25% (22/89) and the presence of micro-organisms in the amniotic fluid in 16% (9/56) of the patients. The presence of U. urealyticum in the cervical fluid (21/46) was associated with significantly higher levels of IL-6 in the secretion. IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly higher in cervical fluid of women with intra-amniotic infection and inflammation and in women who delivered < or =7 days and/or before 34 weeks of gestation. Cervical IL-6 > or = 1.7 ng/ml was related to intra-amniotic inflammation (relative risk: 2.67; range: 1.50-4.74) and had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 58, 83, 75, and 69%, respectively, in the identification of intra-amniotic inflammation. Similar data were obtained for IL-8 > or = 6.7 ng/ml. CONCLUSIONS High levels of cervical IL-6 and IL-8 are moderately predictive of intrauterine infection/inflammation and preterm delivery.
Integron-Containing IncU R Plasmids pRAS1 and pAr-32 from the Fish Pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida

ABSTRACT A 45-kb R plasmid, pRAS1, that confers resistance to tetracyclines, trimethoprim, and sulfonamides was isolated in 1989 from an atypical strain of the fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida. This plasmid could be transferred by conjugation to Escherichia coli with a high degree of efficiency (frequency, 0.48). The following year pRAS1 was isolated from A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida in the same area. Incompatibility group U plasmid pRAS1 contained a drug resistance-determining region of 12 kb consisting of a class 1 integron similar to In4 of Tn1696 but with a dfrA16 gene cassette inserted. Close to IS6100 at the right end of Tn4 was a truncated Tn1721. Restriction enzyme analysis showed that R plasmid pAr-32, isolated from A. salmonicida in Japan in 1970, had the same backbone structure as pRAS1, while the drug resistance-determining region contained a complex class 1 integron with an aadA2 cassette; the chloramphenicol resistance gene catA2, as in In6 of pSa; and a duplicate of the 3′ conserved segment of the integron.
Plug-and-Play Distributed Algorithms for Optimized Power Generation in a Microgrid

This paper introduces distributed algorithms that share the power generation task in an optimized fashion among the several Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) within a microgrid. We borrow certain concepts from communication network theory, namely Additive-Increase-Multiplicative-Decrease (AIMD) algorithms, which are known to be convenient in terms of communication requirements and network efficiency. We adapt the synchronized version of AIMD to minimize a cost utility function of interest in the framework of smart grids. We then implement the AIMD utility optimisation strategies in a realistic power network simulation in Matlab-OpenDSS environment, and we show that the performance is very close to the full-communication centralized case.
VEP in neglect patients have longer latencies for luminance but not for chromatic patterns

In patients with unilateral neglect, visual evoked potentials (VEP) to stimuli displayed in the left visual field are delayed compared with responses to right visual field stimuli. In the present study, 10 patients with right brain damage and neglect were tested with contrast- reversed sinusoidal gratings, modulated either in luminance or in chromaticity. For gratings of luminance contrast modulated over relatively high temporal frequencies (4–10.5 Hz), latencies of VEP were about 30 ms longer for stimuli presented to the contralesional (left) visual field than to the field ipsilateral to the lesion. For equiluminant stimuli modulated at relatively low temporal frequencies (1–4 Hz), however, VEP latency was the same for both hemifields. As this condition activates predominately the parvocellular pathway the results are consistent with our previous suggestion that the delay observed with luminance stimuli in neglect patients results from selective disruption of the faster response of the magnocellular pathway.
Fasciola hepatica infection: clinical and computerized tomographic findings of ten patients.

BACKGROUND/AIMS Fasciola hepatica is the cause of liver infection, fascioliasis. Although rare, it is still a problem even in developed countries. In this study, the clinical and computerized tomographic findings of 10 patients diagnosed with fascioliasis are summarized. METHODS The medical records of the patients with fascioliasis were retrospectively examined. Clinical, laboratory findings and computerized tomographic results were recorded. RESULTS Abdominal pain, fever, eosinophilia and abnormal liver function tests were the most commonly encountered symptoms and signs. One patient was human immunodeficiency virus -positive with active tuberculosis. Serologic test for fasciola hepatica was positive in all patients. Nodular masses without prominent enhancement, and branching low-attenuated tubular lesions were the most commonly seen tomographic findings and were supportive for the diagnosis. All except the HIV-positive patient received bithionol therapy; six patients responded well, two lost contact with the clinic and one patient who was unresponsive to bithionol therapy received triclabendazole. During follow-up of the six patients who responded, all the clinical and radiological findings regressed. CONCLUSION In any patient with peripheral eosinophilia, abdominal pain and elevated liver enzymes, especially when CT reveals tubular and nodular hypodense lesions particularly in subcapsular area, F. hepatica infection should be considered. Either triclabendazole or bithionol can be used effectively for the treatment.
Winter and summer upwelling modes and their biological importance in the California Current Ecosystem

Analysis of monthly coastal upwelling intensities revealed two seasonal and biologically relevant upwelling ‘modes’ in the California Current Ecosystem (CCE). The first mode reflected upwelling during the summer months and was characterized by low‐frequency (multidecadal) processes, including significant (P<0.01) linear trends at some latitudes. In contrast, the second mode reflected wintertime upwelling and was defined by higher‐frequency variability associated with the North Pacific High and El Niño Southern Oscillation events. These modes were compared with multidecadal time series of splitnose rockfish (Sebastes diploproa) otolith growth, yelloweye rockfish (S. ruberrimus) otolith growth, Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) scale growth, and indices of Cassin's auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) and common murre (Uria aalge) reproduction in the central‐northern CCE. In redundancy and correlation analyses, salmon growth and Cassin's auklet fledgling success associated with the summer upwelling mode while all other time series associated with the winter upwelling mode, indicating that CCE biology was differentially sensitive to these seasonal upwelling patterns. Thus, upwelling occurred in unrelated seasonal modes with contrasting trends, atmospheric forcing mechanisms, and impacts on the biology of the CCE, underscoring the importance of seasonality when evaluating ecosystem response to climate variability and change.
Top-k Spatial Preference Queries in Directed Road Networks

Top-k spatial preference queries rank objects based on the score of feature objects in their spatial neighborhood. Top-k preference queries are crucial for a wide range of location based services such as hotel browsing and apartment searching. In recent years, a lot of research has been conducted on processing of top-k spatial preference queries in Euclidean space. While few algorithms study top-k preference queries in road networks, they all focus on undirected road networks. In this paper, we investigate the problem of processing the top-k spatial preference queries in directed road networks where each road segment has a particular orientation. Computation of data object scores requires examining the scores of each feature object in its spatial neighborhood. This may cause the computational delay, thus resulting in a high query processing time. In this paper, we address this problem by proposing a pruning and grouping of feature objects to reduce the number of feature objects. Furthermore, we present an efficient algorithm called TOPS that can process top-k spatial preference queries in directed road networks. Experimental results indicate that our algorithm significantly reduces the query processing time compared to period solution for a wide range of problem settings.
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors enhance a Ca(2+)‐activated K+ current (IAHP) and reduce IAHP suppression by a metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist in rat dentate granule neurones.

1. Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) inhibits a transient Ca(2+)‐activated K+ current (IAHP) responsible for the slow after‐hyperpolarization that follows depolarizations of dentate granule neurones in rat hippocampal brain slices. Here we show for the first time that this physiological consequence of mGluR stimulation is selectively attenuated by blockers of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). 2. Several distinct types of PTK blockers, including genistein, tyrphostin‐B42 and lavendustin‐A, reduced the inhibition of IAHP by the selective mGluR agonist (1S,3R)‐1‐aminocyclopentane‐1,3‐dicarboxylic acid (ACPD). Inhibition of IAHP by 5‐HT was unaffected. The PTK blockers by themselves doubled the duration of IAHP suggesting that there exists a tonic inhibitory influence on IAHP that is reduced by PTK antagonists. 3. Inclusion of EGTA (1 mM) in the patch pipette also potentiated the IAHP and reduced the inhibitory action of ACPD on IAHP, consistent with the observation of others that chelation of intracellular Ca2+ prevents protein tyrosine phosphorylation induced by ACPD. 4. we propose that mGluR‐initiated inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate (InsP3) production mobilizes intracellular Ca2+ and leads to increased protein tyrosine phosphorylation which in turn leads to inhibition of IAHP.
Promised Incentives in Media Research: A Look at Data Quality, Sample Representativeness, and Response Rate

The authors examine the effects of using promised incentives to increase respondent compliance in media research. The impact of promised incentives on data quality, sample representativeness, and response rate is studied. The use of promised incentives is found to increase response rates without lessening sample representativeness or response quality. In fact, the data suggest that incentives heighten response quality because they increase the attention respondents devote to the task for which they are being paid.
Effects of Intravenous Anesthetics on Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Background. Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced tubular epithelial cell injury, called ischemic acute renal failure, is associated with high mortality in humans. Protecting the kidney against I/R injury is very important during complicated renal operations, transplantation surgery, and anesthesia. Aim. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the efficiency of ketamine, thiopental, propofol, etomidate, and intralipid in reducing the injury induced by free radicals in a rat model of renal I/R. Method. Forty-two Wistar rats were divided into seven groups in our study. Rats in the sham group underwent laparotomy and waited for 120 minutes (min) without ischemia. Rats in the control group were given nothing with ischemia-reperfusion. Rats in the I/R groups were given ketamine (20 mg/kg), thiopental (20 mg/kg) propofol (25 mg/kg), etomidate (10 mg/kg) and 10% intralipid (250 mg/kg) intraperitoneally 15 min prior to the ischemia for 60 min, followed by reperfusion for 60 min. The blood samples and kidney tissues of the rats were obtained under anesthesia at the end of the reperfusion period. Biochemical malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatine (Cr), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined, and histopathological analysis was performed with these samples. Results. MDA level was increased significantly in the control group (p < 0.05). Histopathological findings of the control group confirmed that there was renal impairment by tubular cell swelling, interstitial edema, medullary congestion, and tubular dilatation. MDA levels were lower in the ketamine, thiopental, and propofol groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In the thiopental and propofol groups, the levels of histopathological scores were significantly lower than control and etomidate groups in ischemia-reperfusion. Conclusion. Our results demonstrated that I/R injury was significantly reduced in the presence of propofol and thiopental. The protective effects of these drugs may belong to their antioxidant properties. These results may indicate that propofol and thiopental anesthesia protects against functional, biochemical, and morphological damage better than control in renal I/R injury.
Treatment of proctalgia fugax with salbutamol inhalation.

OBJECTIVES Although no generally effective treatment for proctalgia fugax is known, inhalation of salbutamol has been reported to shorten pain attacks in isolated cases. METHODS We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of inhaled salbutamol in 18 patients with proctalgia fugax. The clinical effect was evaluated by recording the duration of severe pain and discomfort during acute attacks. In addition, anorectal motility recordings were analyzed for possible changes in anal resting tone, sphincter relaxation during rectal distension and in rectal compliance prior to and following administration of the two test substances. RESULTS Sixteen patients completed all investigations. Compared to placebo, salbutamol inhalation shortened the duration of severe pain (p = 0.019). The effect was most marked in patients having prolonged attacks. In the asymptomatic state, neither salbutamol nor placebo led to a significant change in anal resting pressure, anal relaxation during rectal distension, or rectal compliance. Salbutamol also did not alter the threshold for rectal sensation. CONCLUSIONS Salbutamol inhalation shortens attacks of severe pain in patients with proctalgia fugax. The mechanism of this effect remains unexplained.
Delayed Appearance of Labeled Protein in Isolated Nerve Endings and Axoplasmic Flow

Subcellular fractions of mouse brain were prepared by differential and sucrose density-gradient centrifugation at intervals up to 130 hours after intracerebral injection of C14- labeled leucine. The specific activity of the nerve ending fraction continued to rise during this period. Between 2 and 130 hours after injection there was a fivefold rise in the specific activity of the soluble protein prepared by lysing the nerve ending particles with water while the specific activity of the soluble protein from the whole homogenate concomitantly fell almost by a factor of three. The data are interpreted as being consistent with the appearance of protein in nerve endings by axoplasmic flow.
Self-Leadership and Physical Vitality

The current study examined the extension of an approach to self-leadership using strategies which focus on (1) constructive thoughts, (2) natural rewards, and (3) effective behavior. The suggested extension refers to strategies which improve physical vitality, fitness, and well-being. A sample of 163 students answered scale items selected and composed to measure the four categories of self-leadership strategies. Confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation modelling indicated that strategies focusing on physical vitality, fitness, and well-being represent an independent category of self-leadership strategies. Implications for research and application were discussed.
Testing the Technology-to-Performance Chain Model

Goodhue and Thompson (1995) proposed the Technology-to-Performance Chain (TPC) model in 1995 to help end-users and organizations understand and make more effective use of information technology. The TPC model combines insights from research on user attitudes as predictors of utilization and insights from research on task-technology fit as a predictor of performance. In this chapter, the TPC model was tested in two settings— voluntary use and mandatory use. In both settings, strong support was found for the impact of task-technology fit on performance as well as on attitudes and beliefs about use. Social norms also had a significant impact on utilization in the mandatory use setting. Beliefs about use only had a significant impact on utilization in the voluntary use setting. Overall, the results found support for the predictive power of the TPC model; however, the results show that the relationships among the constructs in the model will vary, depending on whether or not the users have a choice to use the system.
Simple PV Performance Equations Theoretically Well Founded on the Single-Diode Model

There are several photovoltaic (PV) performance models in the literature, but most of them either employ complex and tedious calculations or require additional measurements apart from datasheet information. In this paper, a new set of performance equations to evaluate the short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, and maximum power point at any operating conditions is introduced. The proposed expressions are simple functions of the irradiance and temperature, while they are generally applicable to any crystalline PV module and require only datasheet information as input data. This is achieved by introducing new formulas to determine the irradiance and temperature coefficients that are not provided in the datasheet, thus avoiding empirical constants or additional measurements. The novelty of the performance equations is their solid theoretical background, as they are in excellent agreement with the single-diode PV model, combined with simple and easy application. The proposed PV model is validated and compared with other methods found in the literature through simulations in MATLAB and outdoor measurements on commercial PV modules.