Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Training Premenstrual Coping Skills in Undergraduate Students in the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan-Iran

Background: The premenstrual Syndrome is a collection of physical, mental and emotional symptoms which influence the quality of individual’s life, so it is important to control and treat it. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Training Premenstrual Coping Skills in Undergraduate Students in the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan-Iran. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study including a before and after design on 140 students of Nursing and Midwifery in Hamadan-Iran, which was conducted in 2015. 80 Eligible individuals were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The research tool which we used was a questionnaire related to stress and coping strategies before and it was completed before and two months after the intervention in two groups. The students were trained the coping skills in the intervention group over five weeks, for 60 to 90 minutes. Results : The average age between girls in intervention group is 21.71±3.21 and control group 21.94±3.16 is years old. Based on the results of Wilcoxon test average tension score’s comparison before Menstruation and also before and after intervention in each different statistical group is meaningful (p<0.01). Despite the reduction of tension score before Menstruation in the group of intervention difference, the comparison is not so meaningful (p=0.07). Conclusion: Training the Coping skills had no significant impact on reducing premenstrual stress, but contributes to improving people's coping skills. It is recommended to hold premenstrual stress coping skills training sessions with a longer time to achieve valuable results.
Effect of Meloidogyne incognita on bio-chemical changes in leaves of Mentha arvensis

Meloidogyne incognita @0, 10, 100, 1000, 10,000J2 / plant /per pot was inoculated to study the impact on bio-chemical changes in Mentha arvensis under greenhouse conditions. Decrease in reducing sugar, carbohydrate and phenol in mentha leave was observed at all inoculum levels over check. The decrease was progressive with increase in nematode inoculum levels. Significant decrease in above parameters was observed on 1000 and 10,000 J2 /pot/ . Meloidogyne incognita inoculum @1000J2/ /pot and above significantly affected the quality of mint oil. It significantly reduced the menthol per-cent in mint oil, which is the basis of price fixation in market. Other constituent viz., menthone, isomenthol, methyl acetate and neo-menthol of mint oil were also affected. Significant reduction in all constituents of mint oil was observed on highest nematode inoculum level.
Relationship between Vitamin C and Parathyroid Hormone and Insulin Resistance Associated with Obesity

Objective: To show the association between parathyroid hormone and obesity and to determine the relationship between vitamin C and insulin resistance with obesity. Background Obesity is representing a global epidemic that affecting more than 1.9 billion adults in 2014, 18 years and older, were overweight. Of these over 600 million were obese. Many causes have been implicated for developing obesity such as: environmental, hereditary, medical disease like endocrine disorders furthermore, some medication like antipsychotic drugs and steroids. Obese people are at high risk to develop much complication such as diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, joints problems, cancers especially hormone dependent, respiratory problems and others. Material and methods: Eighty-eight people were in cladding this study visiting Merman medical city from December 2015 to June 2016.A 40 normal non-obese , and 48 obese, The overall mean age of patients and controls was 34.48±9.83 and 28.78±6.96 years old, respectively. They were classified according to body mass index after measuring their weight, height, The be line Questionnaire was done for all patients and control for diagnosis excluded disease and any treatment that effect on obesity. The investigation was done and include fasting blood glucose, Calcium , Phosphate, HOMA IR, Vitamin C, Then hormonal testing : parathyroid hormone, insulin hormone, c-peptide . Results: There is a significantly higher difference (p value ≤ 0.05) between case and control groups concerning education, gender. Regarding investigation there is significantly higher difference (p value ≤ 0.05) between case and control groups in parameters of fasting blood glucose, HOMA IR, but all the investigations were within normal acceptable clinical range. Whereas, in regard to the hormonal parameters:- parathyroid hormone : There is significant difference between case and control (p value ≤ 0.05) , While no significant difference (p value ˃ 0.05) in percentage between case and control for insulin hormone . While significant difference in C-peptide. Conclusion: The results of this study support the evidence that obesity associated with parathyroid hormone. Furthermore obese patients have a tendency toward higher serum PTH, there does not appear to bea resistance to PTH in the obese based on the similar serum calcium-PTH curve between obese and no obese. Hyperparathyroidism also can cause obesity. Vitamin C has responsible effect in preventing of obesity by antioxidant role. Keywords: Obesity, Vitamin C, Ascorbic acid, Parathyroid hormone, Hyperparathyroidism, Insulin resistance .
BEYOND THE STANDARD MODEL OF THE DISC–LINE SPECTRAL PROFILES FROM BLACK HOLE ACCRETION DISCS

The strong gravitational field of a black hole has distinct effects on the observed profile of a spectral line from an accretion disc near a black hole. The observed profile of the spectral line is broadened and skewed by a fast orbital motion and redshifted by a gravitational field. These effects can help us to constrain the parameters of a system with a black hole, both in active galactic nuclei and in a stellar-mass black hole. Here we explore the fact that an accretion disc emission can be mathematically imagined as a superposition of radiating accretion rings that extend from the inner edge to the outer rim of the disc, with some radially varying emissivity. In our work, we show that a characteristic double-horn profile of several radially confined (relatively narrow) accretion rings or belts could be recognized by the planned instruments onboard future satellites (such as the proposed ESA Large Observatory for X-ray Timing).
Redescription of the Deep-Sea Cirrate Octopod Cirroteuthis magna Hoyle, 1885, and Considerations on the Genus Cirroteuthis (Mollusca: Cephalopoda)

The deep-living octopod Cirroteuthis magna Hoyle, 1885 is redescribed, based on the only three specimens known of the species: a mature female (holotype) captured in the south Indian Ocean between Prince Edward and Crozet islands at 2557 m and two specimens, one submature female and one mature male, recently captured in the central Atlantic at 1300 and 3351 m depth, respectively. Video images from the capture of the latter specimen were recorded. This species is characterized by its very great size (to 1300 mm TL), making it the largest known cirrate octopod; butterfly-like shell with open wings ; very voluminous eyes with large lenses; arm length 73-79% of the total length; primary web inserted at different levels on the dorsal and ventral ends of the dorso- and ventro-lateral arms on both sides, and at the same level on both ends of the dorsal and ventral arms; each arm is independent of the primary web, and is connected with it by a single vertical membrane or intermediate web that is attached along the dorsum of the arm; absence of nodule at the fusion point of both webs. Very large cirri, the first cirri commencing between the 4th and 5th suckers, with three types of suckers on all the arms; cylindro-conical form and those with the acetabulum highly deformable on the first 2/3 of arms and barrel-like on the rest of the arm; absence of particularly enlarged suckers. C. magna is compared with C. muelleri and other related species. Sperm sacs and spermatozoids from C. magna and C. muelleri are described and compared. The Cirroteuthis genus is reviewed and a diagnosis is proposed. This study confirms that the members of the Cirroteuthidae family show several unusual features of great interest.
Epidemiological Studies of Tomato Leaf Curl Virus Disease Based upon Environmental Variables

Tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) is an emerging problem in tomato growing areas of Pakistan. Relationship of TLCV disease and environmental conditions were studied on five tomato cultivars. Temperature (maximum and minimum) and relative humidity significantly contributed in the development of TLCV disease during two years (2012 and 2013). The TLCV disease incidence increased with rise in maximum and minimum temperature and decreased with the increase in relative humidity. The contribution of maximum temperature was explained by linear regression which showed 83 to 91% variability in the disease incidence and minimum temperature explained 75 to 85% variability. Relative humidity exerted 78 to 85% contribution in the disease development. The linear regression could not explain the contribution of rainfall and wind speed in disease development. The characterization of favorable environmental conditions for TLCV disease development would contribute towards accurate prediction and timely management of the disease. © 2016 Friends Science Publishers
System for Norfloxacin : In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation Development of Sustained Release Floating Drug Delivery

Norfloxacin is a drug with an absorption window. Its oral bioavailability is 30–40% and is a case for improvement by appropriate formulation design. In our previous study, gastroretentive floating tablets for norfloxacin were developed employing three different polymers such as HPMC K4M, HPMC K100M, and xanthan gum. The purpose of this investigation is to further improve and evaluate the in vitro and in vivo performance of the prepared floating tablets by inclusion of citric acid as an acidifier, which is also useful in a fed state. The prepared tablets were characterized and found to exhibit satisfactory physico-chemical characteristics. The effects of citric acid at different concentrations on drug release and floating properties were studied. All the prepared batches showed good in vitro buoyancy. It was observed that the tablets remained buoyant for 24 h. The best formulation (F4c), consisting of 1.5% citric acid and 18% HPMC K4M, was selected based on in vitro characteristics and used in vivo radiographic studies by incorporating barium sulphate. These studies revealed that the tablets remained in the stomach for 205 8.4 min in fasting human volunteers. In vivo studies were carried out for the best formulation in eight healthy male human volunteers, and the pharmacokinetic parameters of the developed formulation were compared with marketed conventional (Norbid) tablets. Based on the in vivo performance in a two-way, crossover study design in healthy subjects, the developed floating tablets showed superior bioavailability than the Norbid tablets. The increased bioavailability of developed formulation was found to be 16.27%.
Broadband measurements of aerosol extinction in the ultraviolet spectral region

Abstract. Aerosols influence the Earth's radiative budget by scattering and absorbing incoming solar radiation. The optical properties of aerosols vary as a function of wavelength, but few measurements have reported the wavelength dependence of aerosol extinction cross sections and complex refractive indices. We describe a new laboratory instrument to measure aerosol optical extinction as a function of wavelength, using cavity enhanced spectroscopy with a broadband light source. The instrument consists of two broadband channels which span the 360–390 and 385–420 nm spectral regions using two light emitting diodes (LED) and a grating spectrometer with charge-coupled device (CCD) detector. We determined aerosol extinction cross sections and directly observed Mie scattering resonances for aerosols that are purely scattering (polystyrene latex spheres and ammonium sulfate), slightly absorbing (Suwannee River fulvic acid), and strongly absorbing (nigrosin dye). We describe an approach for retrieving refractive indices as a function of wavelength from the measured extinction cross sections over the 360–420 nm wavelength region. The retrieved refractive indices for PSL and ammonium sulfate agree within uncertainty with the literature values for this spectral region. The refractive index determined for nigrosin is 1.78 (± 0.03) + 0.19 (± 0.08)i at 360 nm and 1.63 (± 0.03) + 0.21 (± 0.05)i at 420 nm. The refractive index determined for Suwannee River fulvic acid is 1.71 (± 0.02) + 0.07 (± 0.06)i at 360 nm and 1.66 (± 0.02) + 0.06 (± 0.04)i at 420 nm. These laboratory results support the potential for a field instrument capable of determining ambient aerosol optical extinction, average aerosol extinction cross section, and complex refractive index as a function of wavelength.
Announcement of Population Data Genetic polymorphism data on 15 autosomal STR markers in a Western

The allelic frequency distribution and statistical genetic parameters of forensic relevance for 15 STR loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, Penta E, Penta D, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818 and FGA) in a population sample of 336 non-related individuals residing in the Western part of Romania are presented. 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Population: Blood samples collected under informed consent for paternity testing from 336 unrelated individuals in the Laboratory of the Institute of Legal Medicine from Timisoara, Romania were used for this study. Subjects were self declared Romanian ethnics residing in the Western part of Romania which comprises the historical regions of Transylvania, Maramures, Crisana and Banat. Extraction: DNA extraction from whole blood was performed using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. PCR: Approximately 1 ng of genomic DNA was amplified for the STR loci included in the Power Plex 16 System (Promega) kit, following the manufacturer’s procedures. Typing: PCR fragments were separated by capillary electrophoresis following the manufacturer’s recommendations using a 3130 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems), and specific alleles were identified using the GeneMapper ID v.3. 2 (Applied Biosystems) software. Quality control: For quality control purposes, all laboratory procedures included internal control standards and the controls provided in the kits. Results: Results are presented in Tables 1 and 2 Statistical analysis of data: Allelic frequencies at each locus and other statistical parameters of forensic relevance were calculated using the Power Stats software, version 1.2 (Promega Corporation, USA) [1]. Departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) between all loci were estimated using Genepop version 4.2 (http://genepop.curtin.edu.au/) [2,3]. Allele frequencies from the tested population were compared with data for other neighboring populations and populations with ethnic representation in Romania by G-statistics using SPSS v13. Access of data: Data available upon request to cmarian@umft.ro Other remarks: We observed no departure from HWE expectations, except for Penta D (p = 0.0132) and FGA (p = 0.0246); however these departures were no longer significant after Bonferroni correction. The forensically relevant parameters for the 15 STR loci in the investigated population suggested that they have high forensic efficiency, the combined power of discrimination and power of exclusion being 0.999999999999999999722 and 0.999999295, respectively. We also investigated pair wise LD between the 15 loci in our study and observed no LD among them, with the exception of locus D7S820 which was in LD with FGA (p = 0.0044) and D3S1358 (p < 0.0001); and locus PentaD which was in LD with D16S539 (p = 0.0328) and D21S11 (p = 0.0290), respectively (data not shown). Among these, only loci PentaD (chromosomal location 21q22.3) and D21S11 (chromosomal location 21q21.1) are located
We Should Totally Open a Restaurant: Performance Uncertainty and Optimistic Beliefs∗

In many decision-making contexts, including whether to open a business, individuals may make poor choices since they over-estimate the probability of outcomes they prefer. An intervention aimed at transmitting information could therefore be very valuable. We design an experiment that distinguishes between two patterns in beliefs that lead to over-estimation of high payoff outcomes. The first is performance over-estimation, whereby the individual believes his performance is better than it actually is. The second is optimism, whereby, irrespective of his performance, the individual overweights the probability of exogenously determined events that he prefers. We also show that these two belief patterns are positively correlated at the individual level. Having isolated these patterns in beliefs, we go on to examine beliefs in a combined setting, meant to mimic more realistic decision-making context, where individuals simultaneously face performance uncertainty and preferences over outcomes. We show to what extent beliefs in this combined setting can be attributed to performance over-estimation or optimism. This decomposition reveals a striking gender difference: male over-estimation of high payoff outcomes is mostly driven by performance over-estimation. For females, over-estimation of high payoff outcomes is mostly attributable to optimism.
Volatile production by microbiota on the human skin

Microbiota on the human skin plays a major role in body odour production. The human microbial and chemical signature displays a qualitative and quantitative correlation. Genes may influence the chemical signature by shaping the composition of the microbiota. Recent studies on human skin microbiota, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, found a high interand intrapersonal variation in bacterial species on the human skin, which is relatively stable over time. Human body odours mediate the attraction of mosquitoes to their blood hosts. Odours produced by skin microbiota are attractive to mosquitoes as shown by in vitro studies, and variation in bacterial species on the human skin may explain the variation in mosquito attraction between humans. Detailed knowledge of the ecology and genetics of human skin microbiota is needed in order to unravel the evolutionary mechanisms that underlie the interactions between mosquitoes and their hosts.
On the relation between trench migration, seafloor age, and the strength of the subducting lithosphere

Oceanic lithosphere thickens and strengthens as it grows older. Worldwide databases reveal that the age of the slab to a certain extent controls the subduction style. Old and thick (and consequently strong) slabs show a trench “advance,” while younger, thin (weak) slabs are migrating in retreating style (trench “rollback”). We performed numerical models to show that this configuration could be the result of the dynamic equilibrium between gravity and resisting forces. In particular we show that energy dissipation caused by bending and unbending of the slab, although less important than other resisting forces, could be a primary control on trench migration. Our results fit well with global compilations of kinematic data from modern subduction zones in two reference frames with different amounts of net rotations. Based on the age at which the transition from retreating to advancing style occurs, we propose an effective lithosphere/mantle viscosity of ~200 during bending of the lithosphere into the subduction zone.
Materials and methods Isolation and culture of primary bronchial epithelial cells Primary bronchial epithelial cells

Endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and organic dust constitute proinflammatory stimuli involved in the initiation of inflammation. The major receptor for endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) is Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), whereas TLR2 binds to agents from gram-positive bacteria. The aim of the study was to elucidate whether TLR2 and TLR4, expressed on primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs), are influenced by exogenous (organic dust and LPS) and endogenous (TNF) stimuli and whether this interaction is influenced by a glucocorticosteroid. The cells were exposed to LPS (10 μg/ml), TNF (10 ng/ml), or dust (100 μg/ml) 1.5 and 6 h, in the presence or absence of budesonide (10−6 M) in vitro. The mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, TLR2, and TLR4 were measured with real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and IL-6 and IL-8 release was assessed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To elucidate the importance of TLR-signaling for IL-6 and IL-8 secretion, the effect of TLR-blockers was studied. Endotoxin, TNF, and dust stimulated the release of IL-6 and IL-8 in a time-dependent manner. Budesonide significantly attenuated the release and expression of IL-6 and IL-8 after exposure. Budesonide did not influence TLR expression, but costimulation with LPS, TNF, or dust together with budesonide increased TLR2 expression synergistically. Blocking of TLR2 and TLR4 reduced cytokine secretion in stimulated cells. Budesonide reduced IL-6 and IL-8 production and enhanced expression of TLR2 in PBECs only in the presence of a proinflammatory stimulus. These findings contribute to our understanding of the beneficial effects of glucocorticosteroids during chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations and asthma, which are frequently caused by microorganisms.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of multiple components for quality control of Deng-Zhan-Sheng-Mai capsules by UHPLC – MS / MS coupled with chemometrics

Deng-Zhan-Sheng-Mai capsules are a well-known traditional Chinese patent medicine that was developed in China for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Its quality control focuses on Erigerontis Herba but ignores the contributions of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, and Ophiopogonis Radix. To improve the quality standards for this medicine, this work reports the application of a systematic ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric method coupled with chemometrics. Three qualitative and quantitative parameters are established for the evaluation of quality: chemical profiling, the relationship between the contents of 18 compounds and the antioxidant activity, and chemometric analysis. A total of 55 compounds, including 20 phenolic acids, 10 flavonoids, 15 saponins, and 10 lignans, were identified. The method for the quantitative determination of the aforementioned eighteen compounds was validated. The limit of quantification ranged from 0.13 to 9.60 ng/mL. The overall recoveries ranged from 95.31 to 103.54%. Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis were applied to the data of eighteen components in ten batches of samples. Nine compounds, including scutellarin, 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, ginsenoside www.jss-journal.com Page 3 Journal of Separation Science This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. 3 Rb1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rg1, ophiopogonin D, schisandrin, and schisandrol B, are suggested as chemical markers for evaluating the quality.