Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE STRUCTURE OF NUCLEAR STAR CLUSTERS IN NEARBY LATE-TYPE SPIRAL GALAXIES FROM HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE WIDE FIELD CAMERA 3 IMAGING

We obtained Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Camera 3 imaging of a sample of ten of the nearest and brightest nuclear clusters (NCs) residing in late-type spiral galaxies, in seven bands that span the near-UV to the near-IR. Structural properties of the clusters were measured by fitting two-dimensional surface brightness profiles to the images using GALFIT. The clusters exhibit a wide range of structural properties, with F814W absolute magnitudes that range from −11.2 to −15.1 mag and F814W effective radii that range from 1.4 to 8.3 pc. For 6 of the 10 clusters in our sample, we find changes in the effective radius with wavelength, suggesting radially varying stellar populations. In four of the objects, the effective radius increases with wavelength, indicating the presence of a younger population that is more concentrated than the bulk of the stars in the cluster. However, we find a general decrease in effective radius with wavelength in two of the objects in our sample, which may indicate extended, circumnuclear star formation. We also find a general trend of increasing roundness of the clusters at longer wavelengths, as well as a correlation between the axis ratios of the NCs and their host galaxies. These observations indicate that blue disks aligned with the host galaxy plane are a common feature of NCs in late-type galaxies, but are difficult to detect in galaxies that are close to face-on. In color–color diagrams spanning the near-UV through the near-IR, most of the clusters lie far from single-burst evolutionary tracks, showing evidence for multi-age populations. Most of the clusters have integrated colors consistent with a mix of an old population (>1 Gyr) and a young population (∼100–300 Myr). The wide wavelength coverage of our data provides a sensitivity to populations with a mix of ages that would not be possible to achieve with imaging in optical bands only. The surface brightness profiles presented in this work will be used for future stellar population modeling and dynamical studies of the clusters.
Source apportionment of circum-Arctic atmospheric black carbon from isotopes and modeling

Isotopes pinpoint strong seasonal variations in black carbon sources with consistent patterns at sites around the Arctic. Black carbon (BC) contributes to Arctic climate warming, yet source attributions are inaccurate due to lacking observational constraints and uncertainties in emission inventories. Year-round, isotope-constrained observations reveal strong seasonal variations in BC sources with a consistent and synchronous pattern at all Arctic sites. These sources were dominated by emissions from fossil fuel combustion in the winter and by biomass burning in the summer. The annual mean source of BC to the circum-Arctic was 39 ± 10% from biomass burning. Comparison of transport-model predictions with the observations showed good agreement for BC concentrations, with larger discrepancies for (fossil/biomass burning) sources. The accuracy of simulated BC concentration, but not of origin, points to misallocations of emissions in the emission inventories. The consistency in seasonal source contributions of BC throughout the Arctic provides strong justification for targeted emission reductions to limit the impact of BC on climate warming in the Arctic and beyond.
Cancer Risk Due to Obesity Among a University Student Population

One of the most frequently cited controllable risk factors associated with cancer is that of excess body weight, and obesity has been shown to have a high association with occurrences of a number of cancer types. This study is designed to examine overweight and obesity rates among the student population attending University of Guam, particularly as influenced by diet and exercise, then to look at these outcomes in light of what research shows to be the impact of obesity on the risk of cancer. The ultimate goal is to address possible behavioral changes that may benefit these university age students in an effort to lower cancer risks. *Correspondence to: Mary Jane Miller, University of Guam, School of Education, Foundations and Educational Research, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA, E-mail: mjmiller@triton.uog. edu
Dynamic Cell Imaging in PET With Optimal Transport Regularization

We propose a novel dynamic image reconstruction method from PET listmode data that could be particularly suited to tracking single or small numbers of cells. In contrast to conventional PET reconstruction our method combines the information from all detected events not only to reconstruct the dynamic evolution of the radionuclide distribution, but also to improve the reconstruction at each single time point by enforcing temporal consistency. This is achieved via optimal transport regularization where in principle, among all possible temporally evolving radionuclide distributions consistent with the PET measurement, the one is chosen with least kinetic motion energy. The reconstruction is found by convex optimization so that there is no dependence on the initialization of the method. We study its behaviour on simulated data of a human PET system and demonstrate its robustness even in settings with very low radioactivity. In contrast to previously reported cell tracking algorithms, our technique is oblivious to the number of tracked cells. Without any additional complexity one or multiple cells can be reconstructed, and the model automatically determines the number of particles. For instance, four radiolabelled cells moving at a velocity of 3.1 mm/s and a PET recorded count rate of 1.1 cps (for each cell) could be simultaneously tracked with a tracking accuracy of 5.3 mm inside a simulated human body.
Design, characterization and comparison of transdermal delivery of colchicine via borneol-chemically-modified and borneol-physically-modified ethosome

Abstract Gout is a kind of joint disease characterized by the accumulation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the joint and its surrounding tissue, causing persistent hyperuricemia. Colchicine is the first choice of treatment for acute gout attacks. Due to strong toxicity of colchicines oral tablets, there are high fluctuations of blood drug concentration and serious irritation of gastrointestinal tract, and hence a transdermal preparation can help to slow down the blood drug concentration, reduce the frequency of drug taking, and improve the patients' compliance of the drug. The ethosome is a lipid carrier with high concentration of ethanol and has been proved to promote the penetration of drugs into the skin. Borneol (BO) is an excellent penetration enhancer in Chinese medicine, which can promote the entry of drugs into the skin. This paper prepared the borneol-physically-modified colchicine ethosome (COL-bpES) and used the prepared borneol-dioleoyl phosphoethanloamine (BO-DOPE) to prepare borneol-chemically-modified colchicine ethosome (COL-bcES). Compared to the free colchicine aqueous solution (free COL) and normal colchicine ethosome (COL-ES), the borneol-modified colchicine ethosome (COL-bES) demonstrated better drug penetration effect, while the particle size of the COL-bcES was lower than that of the COL-bpES. Toxicity, in vitro diffusion, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are superior to those of COL-bpES, providing a better delivery system for the treatment of small molecule inflammatory drugs.
Association between NOS3 G894T, T-786C and 4a/4b Variants and Coronary Artery Diseases in Iranian Population

Background: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase, encoded by NOS3, produces an atheroprotective metabolite. The G894T, T-786C and 4a/4b variants of this gene associated with increased risk for coronary artery diseases (CAD) have been evaluated in different populations worldwide, and inconsistent results have been obtained. We investigated the association between these three polymorphisms and presence of CAD in Iranian individuals. Methods: Overall, 234 people including angiography-positive patients from Amir-Almomenin Hospital (Heart Center), Kordkoy City, Golestan Province, northern Iran in 2016, angiography-negative subjects and healthy individuals from north of Iran were genotyped for the G894T and T-786C variations by PCR-RFLP, and 4a/4b VNTR only by PCR. Results: The genotype distribution and allelic frequencies for the three variants tested were not dramatically different between CAD and control subjects and also between CAD patients and people with pains and symptoms very similar to CAD but no stenosis (P>0.05). Moreover, the odds ratio for CAD related to the G894T (OR=1.09, 95% CI=(0.60–2.00), T-786C (OR=1.04, 95% CI=(0.57–1.89) and 4a/4b (OR=1.75, 95% CI=(0.92–3.32) variants did not show statistical significance. Similarly, the odds ratio for stenosis confirmed by angiography related to the 894T (OR=1.03, 95% CI= (0.61–1.74), −786C (OR=0.90, 95% CI=(0.54–1.50) and 4b (OR=1.64, 95% CI=(0.92 –2.93) alleles were not significant. Conclusion: G894T, T-786C and 4a/4b variants were not associated with risk for CAD and occurrence of angiography-assessed stenosis in Northern Iranian population (P>0.05). These alleles might be population-specific and not to be associated with their corresponding gene pool. However, further analysis is required to clarify other CAD-correlated markers in our community.
Probabilistic Analysis of Differential Fault Attack on MIBS

SUMMARY We propose a new method of di ﬀ erential fault attack, which is based on the nibble-group di ﬀ erential di ﬀ usion property of the lightweight block cipher MIBS. On the basis of the statistical regularity of di ﬀ erential distribution of the S-box, we establish a statistical model and then analyze the relationship between the number of faults injections, the probability of attack success, and key recovering bits. Theoretically, time complexity of recovering the main key reduces to 2 2 when injecting 3 groups of faults (12 nibbles in total) in 30,31 and 32 rounds, which is the optimal condition. Furthermore, we calculate the expectation of the number of fault injection groups needed to recover 62 bits in main key, which is 3.87. Finally, experimental data veriﬁes the correctness of the theoretical model.
PEER MODELING AND TEACHING EFFICACY: THE INFLUENCE OF TWO STUDENT TEACHERS AT THE SAME TIME

The purpose of this study was to determine if placing two teachers at the same school had an influence on teaching efficacy. Bandura’s Model of Triadic Reciprocality and self-efficacy theory guided the inquiry. The population of interest was all student teachers at Texas A&M University. This study was conducted using data collected from a sample of student teachers during a twoyear (four-semester) period from 2004 to 2006. The typical student teacher was a white female pursuing certification as part of an undergraduate degree. Student teachers began the field experience efficacious about their teaching ability, then were less efficacious during the middle of the experience, and finally rebounded to higher levels of efficacy at the end of the experience. It was concluded that there is no difference in teaching efficacy between student teachers placed alone and those placed in pairs. Therefore, this sample was not consistent with Bandura’s theory of the positive influence of peer models.
Physicians’ Job Satisfaction and its Correlates in a Tertiary Medical Care Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Objectives: To measure the degree of job satisfaction among physicians working in a Tertiary Care Hospital and to identify background and work environment characteristics that affect overall and differential job satisfaction. Subjects and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 340 physicians selected from a Tertiary Care Center using a stratified random sample with proportional allocation using a self-administered questionnaire with the 5-point Likert scale. From the 340 physicians requested to participate in the study, 217 (63.8%) completed the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used appropriately, including mean ± standard deviation for the quantitative variables, while frequency and percentages were used for the qualitative variables. ANOVA, t-test, and Chi-square were used as necessary to determine if there are any significant relationships between satisfaction scores and the predictor variables. Results: A total of 217 physicians (males 75.6% females 24.4%) completed the questionnaire. Of this total, 52.5% were non-Saudis. The overall perceived satisfaction as measured by one question was 3.42 points out of 5 (68.4%) significantly lower than the overall satisfaction which took in consideration all variables 3.67 points (73.4%). Mean satisfaction scores were significantly negatively related to the number of children (P < 0.001) the physicians had, but positively correlated to stipend, duration of vacation leave, sick leave policy, health coverage for the employee and family, overall benefits package, involvement in academic work, and involvement in research work (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The working environment and policies of an organization play important roles in the satisfaction of its physicians. Boosting physician satisfaction is important for both the success of a Tertiary Care Center and for the high quality services offered to patients.
Association study between DNA methylation and genetic variation of APOE gene with the risk of coronary artery disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common health problem with a high rate of disability and death. Dyslipidemia and altered metabolism of Apo-lipoproteins are involved in the CAD pathogenesis. The current study investigated two common polymorphisms (rs429358 and rs7412) and promoter DNA methylation status of APOE in the Iranian CAD patients and control subjects. Two hundred angiographically documented CAD patients and 200 control subjects were included in the study. The APOE polymorphism analysis was done by PCR-RFLP technique and DNA methylation status was evaluated by methylation specific PCR. The assay of lipid levels was conducted using standard colorimetric protocols. Results indicated that the frequency of ε3/ε4 and ε2/ε3 genotypes was significantly more common in CAD group compared with control group. Relative to wild type genotype (ε3/ε3), CAD patients with ε3/ε4 and ε2/ε3 genotypes displayed significantly higher concentration of total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. The frequency of DNA methylation of APOE was similar between the two studied groups. However, the methylation frequency of APOE gene was significantly higher in triple stenotic vessels relative to single stenotic vessels (P=0.032). In conclusion The present study indicated that the rs429358 and rs7412 polymorphisms are significantly risk factors for development and severity of CAD. Also, APOE methylation status may be involved in the severity but not in the development of CAD.
Modelling and Analysing Behaviours and Emotions via Complex User Interactions

Over the past 15 years, the volume, richness and quality of data collected from the combined social networking platforms has increased beyond all expectation, providing researchers from a variety of disciplines to use it in their research. Perhaps more impactfully, it has provided the foundation for a range of new products and services, transforming industries such as advertising and marketing, as well as bringing the challenges of sharing personal data into the public consciousness. But how to make sense of the ever-increasing volume of big social data so that we can better understand and improve the user experience in increasingly complex, data-driven digital systems. This link with usability and the user experience of data-driven system bridges into the wider field of HCI, attracting interdisciplinary researchers as we see the demand for consumer technologies, software and systems, as well as the integration of social networks into our everyday lives. The fact that the data largely posted on social networks tends to be textual, provides a further link to linguistics, psychology and psycholinguistics to better understand the relationship between human behaviours offline and online. In this thesis, we present a novel conceptual framework based on a complex digital system using collected longitudinal datasets to predict system status based on the personality traits and emotions extracted from text posted by users. The system framework was built using a dataset collected from an online scholarship system in which 2000 students had their digital behaviour and social network behaviour collected for this study. We contextualise this research project with a wider review and critical analysis of the current psycholinguistics, artificial intelligence and human-computer interaction literature, which reveals a gap of mapping and understanding digital profiling against system status.
Characterization of novel lnc RNAs in the spinal cord of rats with lumbar disc herniation

Background Radicular pain, caused by a lesion or autologous nucleus pulposus (NP) implantation, is associated with alteration in gene expression of the pain-signaling pathways. lncRNAs have been shown to play critical roles in neuropathic pain. However, the mechanistic function of lncRNAs in lumbar disc herniation (LDH) remains largely unknown. Identifying different lncRNA expression under sham and NP-implantation conditions in the spinal cord is important for understanding the molecular mechanisms of radicular pain. Methods LDH was induced by implantation of autologous nucleus pulposus (NP), harvested from rat tail, in lumbar 5 and 6 spinal nerve roots. The mRNA and lncRNA microarray analyses demonstrated that the expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs between the LDH and sham groups were markedly altered at 7 days post operation. The expression patterns of several mRNAs and lncRNAs were further proved by qPCR. Results LDH produced persistent mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. A total of 19 lncRNAs was differentially expressed (>1.5-folds), of which 13 was upregulated and 6 was downregulated. In addition, a total of 103 mRNAs was markedly altered (>1.5-folds), of which 40 was upregulated and 63 downregulated. Biological analyses of these mRNAs further demonstrated that the most significantly upregulated genes in LDH included chemotaxis, immune response, and positive regulation of inflammatory responses, which might be important mechanisms underlying radicular neuropathic pain. These 19 differentially expressed lncRNAs have overlapping mRNAs in the genome, which are related to glutamatergic synapse, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and the oxytocin-signalling pathway. Conclusion Our findings revealed the alteration of expression patterns of mRNAs and lncRNAs in the spinal cord of rats in a radicular pain model of LDH. These mRNAs and lncRNAs might be potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of radicular pain.
Topical Administration of Aloe vera Extract Gel Increased the Number of Macrophages and Epithelialization in UVB-Induced Sunburn Ersje Retnowati1,

INTRODUCTION: The UVB exposure may cause sunburn (second degree burn). Aloe vera (AV) is widely used in wound healing, including sunburn. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of topical Aloe vera extract gel on the number of macrophages and epithelialization in UVB induced sunburn. METHODS: This posttest only-control group design used twenty female BALB/c mice with UVB-induced sunburn randomly divided into 4 groups. Control groups (Cntrl-G) were given a base gel. Group AV-25, AV-50, and AV-75 were topically treated with Aloe vera gel at the concentration of 25%, 50% and 75% respectively for 5 days. On day 5, after terminated, the samples of skin tissue were prepared for histological study using hematoxlyin eosin (HE) staining. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA, Post-hoc LSD and Pearson correlation. RESULTS: ANOVA analysis showed that the number of macrophages and epithelialization among groups was a significantly difference (p <0.05). Post hoc analysis demonstrated that the mean number of macrophage in AV-75 (6.50), AV-50 (5.13), and AV-25 (3.93) were significantly higher compared to that of Cntrl-G (2.93). The mean of epithelialization AV-75% (25.35), AV-50 (18.15), and AV-25 (15.38), were significantly (p <0.05) higher compared to that of Cntrl-G (9.30). The Pearson correlation test indicated that there is a strong positive correlation (0.88) between the number of macrophages and epithelialization (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: The topical administration of Aloe vera gel extract for five days increased the number of macrophages and epithelialization in sunburned UVB induced sun burn.
Determinants of Cesarean Section among Primiparas: A Comparison of Classification Methods

Background: Over the last few decades, Cesarean section (CS) rates have increased significantly worldwide particularly in Iran. Classification methods including logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN) were used to identify factors related to CS among primipars. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 2120 primipars who gave singleton birth in Tehran, Iran between 6 and 21 July 2015. To identify factor associated with CS, the classification methods were compared in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Results: The CS rate was 72.1%. Mother’s age, SES, BMI, baby’s head circumference and infant weight were the most important determinant variables for CS as identified by the ANN method which had the highest accuracy (0.70). The association of RF predictions and observed values was 0.36 (kappa). Conclusion: The ANN method had the best performance that classified CS delivery compared to the RF and LR methods. The ANN method might be used as an appropriate method for such data.
Spacetime Symmetry and LemaîTre Class Dark Energy Models

We present the regular cosmological models of the Lemaître class with time-dependent and spatially inhomogeneous vacuum dark energy, which describe relaxation of the cosmological constant from its value powering inflation to the final non-zero value responsible for the present acceleration in the frame of one self-consistent theoretical scheme based on the algebraic classification of stress-energy tensors and spacetime symmetry directly related to their structure. Cosmological evolution starts with the nonsingular non-simultaneous de Sitter bang, followed by the Kasner-type anisotropic expansion, and goes towards the present de Sitter state. Spacetime symmetry provides a mechanism of reducing cosmological constant to a certain non-zero value involving the holographic principle which singles out the special class of the Lemaître dark energy models with the global structure of the de Sitter spacetime. For this class cosmological evolution is guided by quantum evaporation of the cosmological horizon whose dynamics entirely determines the final value of the cosmological constant. For the choice of the density profile modeling vacuum polarization in a spherical gravitational field and the GUT scale for the inflationary value of cosmological constant, its final value agrees with that given by observations. Anisotropy grows quickly at the postinflationary stage, then remains constant and decreases to A < 10 − 6 when the vacuum density starts to dominate.