Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular gas in the centre of nearby galaxies from VLT/SINFONI integral field spectroscopy – I. Morphology and mass inventory★

We present the first results of an analysis of the properties o f the molecular gas in the nuclear regions (r. 300 pc) of a sample of six nearby galaxies, based on new high spatial resolution observations obtained in the K-band with the near-infrared integral field spectrograph SINFONI at the Very Large Telescope. We derive two-dimensional distributions of the warm molecular and ionized gas from the H2, Brγ and Hei emission lines present in the spectra of the galaxies. We find a range of morphologies, including bar- and ring-like distributions and either centrally peaked or off-centre emission. The morphologies of the molecular and the ionized gas are not necessarily coincident. The observed emission-line ratios point towards thermal processes as the principal mechanism responsible for the H2 excitation in the nuclear and circumnuclear regions of the galaxies, independently of the presence of an active nucleus. We find that a rescaling of the H 2 2. 12µm emission-line luminosity by a factorβ≃ 1200 gives a good estimate (within a factor of 2) of the total (cold) molecular gas mass. The galaxies of the sample contain large quantities of molecular gas in their centres, with total masses in the ∼ 10 5 − 10 8 M⊙ range. Never the less, these masses correspond to less than 3 per cent of the stellar masses derived for the galaxies in these regions , indicating that the presence of gas should not affect black hole mass estimates based on the dynamical modelling of the stars. The high-spatial resolution provided by the SINFONI data allowed us to resolve a circumnuclear ring (with a radius of∼ 270 pc) in the galaxy NGC 4536. The measured values of the Brγ equivalent width and the Hei/Brγ emission-line ratio suggests that bursts of star formation occurred throughout this ring as recently as 6.5 Myr ago.
Determinants of employment and labour force participation: A cohort analysis of Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians, 1986-96

s or Summaries of all CAEPR Discussion Papers can be found at the following World Wide Web address: http://online.edu. au/caepr/ As with all CAEPR publications, the views expressed in this Discussion Paper are those of the author(s) and do not reflect an official CAEPR position. Professor Jon Altman Director, CAEPR The Australian National University August 1999 DISCUSSION PAPER NO. 186 III C E N T R E F O R A B O R I G I N A L E C O N O M I C P O L I C Y R E S E A R C H Table of
Tumor and Stem Cell Biology Cancer Stem Cell Vaccination Confers Signi fi cant Antitumor Immunity

Most studies of cancer stem cells (CSC) involve the inoculation of cells from human tumors into immunosuppressed mice, preventing an assessment on the immunologic interactions and effects of CSCs. In this study, we examined the vaccination effects produced by CSC-enriched populations fromhistologically distinctmurine tumors after their inoculation into different syngeneic immunocompetent hosts. Enriched CSCs were immunogenic and more effective as an antigen source than unselected tumor cells in inducing protective antitumor immunity. Immune sera fromCSC-vaccinated hosts contained high levels of IgGwhich bound to CSCs, resulting in CSC lysis in the presence of complement. CTLs generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells or splenocytes harvested from CSC-vaccinated hosts were capable of killing CSCs in vitro. Mechanistic investigations established that CSC-primed antibodies and T cells were capable of selective targeting CSCs and conferring antitumor immunity. Together, these proof-of-concept results provide a rationale for a new type of cancer immunotherapy based on the development of CSC vaccines that can specifically target CSCs. Cancer Res; 72(7); 1853–64. 2012 AACR.
An Efficient Closed Form Macromodeling Algorithm using Method of Characteristics for Lossy Multiconductor Transmission Lines

This paper presents an efficient time domain macromodeling algorithm for distributed lossy multiconductor transmission lines (MTLs) based on the method of characteristics (MoC). A key feature of the proposed algorithm is that the curve fitting depends only on the per-unit-length (p.u.l.) parameters and does not on the discretization of the macromodel. Thus, with the knowledge of the rational functions formed by the p.u. l. parameters, the proposed macromodel can be formulated in a closed form manner for any line length
Age cohort analysis in adoption of mobile data services: gen Xers versus baby boomers

Purpose – This study aims to examine the differences in adoption of mobile data services between two age cohorts (gen Xers and baby boomers). Three elements in the extended Technology Acceptance Model – perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived fun – were used to identify the differences in adoption of mobile data services for the two age cohorts.Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 200 mobile services users drawn from a purchased consumer panel participated in an online survey. Of this sample, 67 gen Xers and 86 baby boomers were used for the analysis (n=153). Multigroup structural equation modeling analysis was used to examine the differences in adoption of mobile data services between the two age cohorts.Findings – This study found that baby boomers perceived mobile data services as more difficult to use than gen Xers. However, the perception of usefulness of mobile data services was stronger for the baby boomers than gen Xers. Usefulness of mobile data services may be a critical .
On the Theory and Design of Linear Repetitive Control Systems

This article summarizes developments in linear repetitive control (RC) that represent an effective overall design approach, allowing the user to optimize performance. This involves the design of a compensator, a zero-phase lowpass filter, and an interpolator. Mathematical background is developed that justifies and interprets the compensator frequency domain optimization criterion. The compensator designs can be very effective with a small number of gains, with fast well-behaved learning. Robustness to model parameter uncertainties is accomplished by optimizing the cost summed over models, by adjusting the learning rate as a function of frequency, and by relaxing the zero error requirement as a function of frequency. The mathematical background needed is developed for multinput multi-output (MIMO) systems, and the generalized MIMO optimization criterion and solution are presented. One can also design a set of single-input single-output designs to handle MIMO systems. Regarding the zerophase filter used to robustify to unmodeled high-frequency dynamics, specially tailored finite impulse response filter designs cut off or cut down the learning at high frequencies. Interpolation is used to improve performance when the period of interest is not an integer number of time steps, and it is shown how to use the designs when there are multiple unrelated disturbance periods. RC designed to eliminate periodic measurement error is also presented, with results from computer disk drives.
Alterations in glycolytic and oxidative potentials of rat brain during acute and chronic acephate treatments.

Alterations in the rat brain carbohydrate and related metabolisms were studied during acute and chronic acephate toxicity. The rats were divided into three batches of eight in each batch. The first batch was treated with chronic (50 mg.Kg-1.day-1 for 7 weeks) and second batch was treated with acute (600 mg.Kg-1.day-1 for one day) doses of acephate, third group was served as control which received vehicle only. The representative enzymes like SDH, MDH, LDH, GDH, AAT and AlAT activities were decreased significantly during chronic treatment. Whereas MDH, LDH, AAT and AlAT activities showed significant increase during acute treatment. The glycogen and pyruvate levels showed nonsignificant elevation and lactate and total carbohydrate levels were depleted in the brains of chronic acephate treated rats. Reverse trend was observed with regard to lactate and pyruvate during acute toxicity whereas the total carbohydrates and glycogen levels were significantly elevated. The decreased oxidative potential and reduced flux of ketoacids into TCA cycle through transamination reactions indicate that acephate caused energy crisis in the brain during chronic treatment. During acute treatment the inhibited succinate oxidation was compensated by the ketoacid contributions through transamination reactions. The neuro transmitter balance with particular reference to glutamate during toxic stress was reflected through the GDH levels in both the treatments.
SearchMessenger: Exploring the Use of Search and Card Sharing in a Messaging Application

Previous work creating systems for collaborative search has mainly focused on solutions for the desktop. However, as the majority of web use moves to mobile phones, few systems have been created on this platform to support collaboration around search results. Mobile search is often a collaborative activity where the input of a group is sought before making a decision to purchase something, visit a venue, or book a ticket. However, currently search and messaging applications are separate, creating frustrating copy-and-paste interactions and uninformative blue links or OpenGraph cards in messages. We built the Search Messenger system to support both finding and sharing search results, in the form of rich, interactive cards, directly within a mobile messaging system. After building the system, we conducted a two-week field study exploring how 14 participants used the system in their daily lives. We report on our findings and implications for future mobile applications that embed functionality in messaging.
Gender and Executive Compensation in S&P Listed Firms

We examine if gender gap exists in total executive compensation for SP the forms of executive compensation for men versus women are different; and in the case of new technology firms the differences in total compensation are not statistically significant. Although women have been considered more risk averse than men, but shareholders continue to pay women with a similar percentage of risk compensation components, like stock options and restricted stocks, than men. It seems that the shareholders are ignoring to take this factor into account when developing compensation packages for women and men. Finally we also find that the factors that explain women and men total compensation are not the same for S&P1500 listed firms.
Cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte induction in asymptomatic HIV‐1‐infected patients immunized with Retrovector®‐transduced autologous fibroblasts expressing HIV‐1IIIB Env/Rev proteins

ObjectiveTo demonstrate the safety and enhancement of HIV-1-specific immune responses in HIV-infected asymptomatic patients following treatment with retroviral vector (Retrovector®)-transduced autologous fibroblasts (VTAF) expressing HIV-1IIIB Env/Rev proteins. DesignA non-placebo-controlled, single arm Phase I study. ParticipantsFour HIV-1-seropositive asymptomatic volunteers were selected based on age (18–50 years), CD4/CD3 lymphocyte counts (> 600 × 106/l or > 40%), and positive delayed-type hypersensitivity test to at least one recall antigen. InterventionsPatients were treated at 2-week intervals with a total of three intramuscular injections of irradiated autologous fibroblasts transduced with a molecularly engineered, non-replicating amphotropic murine retrovector encoding the HIV-1IIIB Env/Rev proteins. Main outcome measuresThe clinical status of patients was assessed by history, physical examination, serum chemistry and hematology, CD4/CD3 lymphocyte counts, HIV viral burden, and monitored throughout the study to detect potentially treatment-induced toxic or unwanted side-effects. In addition, HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity was measured to determine the biological activity of VTAF. ResultsNo acute local or systemic adverse events occurred following three injections with VTAF. Furthermore, a statistically significant increase of CD8+ CTL activity against HIV-1IIIB Env/Rev-expressing targets was observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from two out of four patients. ConclusionsThis is the first report of the administration of a gene transfer treatment to HIV-1-infected patients and provides initial support for the safety and biological activity of retrovector-transduced fibroblasts administered to asymptomatic patients. This treatment resulted in the detection of increased HIV-1IIIB Env/Rev-specific CTL activity in two HIV-seropositive patients and could provide a better understanding of the role of CTL activity in HIV disease progression.
Release of transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) and fibronectin by alveolar macrophages in airway diseases

Asthma and chronic bronchitis are associated with airway remodelling, and airway macrophages are present in bronchial inflammation. TGF‐β and fibronectin released by alveolar macrophages possess a fibrogenic potency. The potential role of alveolar macrophages in airway remodelling was studied in asthma and chronic bronchitis by the release of TGF‐β and fibronectin. Alveolar macrophages were isolated by bronchoalveolar lavage in 14 control subjects, 14 asthmatics and 14 chronic bronchitics. The spontaneous and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐ or concanavalin A (Con A)‐induced release of TGF‐β and fibronectin was measured by ELISA. Alveolar macrophages from chronic bronchitics spontaneously release greater amounts of TGF‐β and fibronectin than those from asthmatic and control subjects. Alveolar macrophages from asthmatics release greater amounts of TGF‐β and fibronectin than those from control subjects. The spontaneous release of TGF‐β is significantly correlated with that of fibronectin. Fibronectin release was significantly reduced after LPS stimulation, and TGF‐β release was significantly increased after LPS stimulation, except in chronic bronchitis patients. Con A increased the release of TGF‐β in cells from normal subjects. This study suggests that activated macrophages play a role in airway remodelling in chronic bronchitis and to a lesser extent in asthma.
The Effect of Reporting Streaks on Ex Ante Uncertainty

This paper predicts and finds that investor uncertainty surrounding a key information release event—the earnings announcement—is decreasing in a firm’s reporting streak. We use two proxies related to investor ex ante uncertainty and corresponding pricing of such uncertainty: option-implied volatilities and variance risk premiums; both are measured with maturities surrounding the impending quarterly earnings announcement. Consistent with prior research, we measure reporting streak as the number of consecutive quarters the firm meets or beats the consensus analyst earnings-per-share forecast. Empirical results confirm expectations that the two uncertainty-related constructs are decreasing in the length of the reporting streak. These results, combined with further evidence documenting that lower uncertainty leads to lower stock returns surrounding the earnings announcements, suggest that longer reporting streaks reflect lower risk during earnings announcements. This paper was accepted by Shiva Rajgopal, accounting.
The Use of Stories as Moral Education for Young Children

454 DOI: 10.7763/IJSSH.2012. V2.145 Abstract—There are a number of ways that one might morally educate a child. One can demonstrate various virtues and encourage the child to copy his or her own behavior. One can issue a series of imperatives and punish if failure to abide by them. Moreover, one might tell the child stories with moral lessons in order to elicit favorable behavior and to discourage unfavorable behavior. In this research, we study how kindergarten teachers can better serve more appropriate aims of moral education by using stories. The main findings of this study are as follows: first, moral education is considered complementary material in kindergarten in Indonesia. There are few teachers who use stories as moral education in kindergaten. Second, teachers play an important role in helping children understand the story and capture the message of the story. Teachers are therefore challenged to explore the content of stories and help children connect the story with their daily lives. Third, the ways in which teachers see morality affects the way they convey moral values in a story.
Managing Nitrate Levels in Bermudagrass Hay: Implications for Net Returns

Accumulation of nitrates in hay can be toxic to cattle, and managing nitrate levels in hay production could be costly. We determine the price premium a hay producer needs to receive for cattle-safe, low-nitrate hay to continued managing nitrate levels. Profit-maximizing nitrogen rates were determined for two bermudagrass hay producers—one who manages nitrate levels and one who does not manage nitrate levels. The hay producer who manages nitrates applies 56 lb. /acre less nitrogen than the producer who does not manages nitrates, and would need to receive a price premium of $9.12/ton for low-nitrate hay to breakeven.
Employer Branding Management as a Strategic and Organizational Control Tool

The issue of employer branding has always had an intrinsic interdisciplinary content, since it builds a bridge for cross-fertilization between different disciplines (strategic marketing, strategic management, and human resources management). This paper presents employer branding as an approach based on effective strategic organizationalresources and a precise employer branding management process. In this paper, the target is to define a possible frame in order to interpret employer branding techniques as control and regulation mechanisms. Control in organizations has long been a topic of interest for researchers and practitioners, alike who generally recognize that control mechanisms are needed to ensure that organizations may achieve their goals. It has been carried out a field work on the Italian Aeronautical Meta district, that generates annual revenues equal to EUR 8.7 billion and employees 36,300 people, of whom approximately 10% are employed in the space sector. Through this field work, the intention aim is to understand if and how employer branding may create, enforce, and set up internal and shared meaning and values. In particular, stemming from the empirical research’s evidences, this paper tries to conceptualize employer branding as a factor to persuade and influence the way that organizational actors enact in a socially constructed context. In this effort, the aim is to understand how managers may affect meanings, values, goals, and opinions through an effective action on employer branding that can play a crucial role in affecting sense-making processes, meanings, interpretations of the symbolic environment. The paper therefore opens up to new horizons, since it embraces a new application for employer branding, considering it as a modern control system and proposing an innovative approach in managerial control, founded on organizational identity as a key concept in an organizational citizenship’s perspective.
Migrating a Scientific Application from MPI to Coarrays

MPI is a de facto standard for portable parallel programming using a message passing paradigm. Interest is growing in other paradigms, in particular Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) languages such as Coarray Fortran, UPC and Titanium. Most Computational Science and Engineering codes are written in Fortran, and the 2008 Fortran standard will include coarrays, a Cray initiated PGAS extension of the language. We report on the experience of taking a moderately large CFD program and migrating it to a Cray X1E using coarrays rather than MPI. The MPI and coarray versions are compared, both for ease of programming and legibility, and for performance. We find that coarrays are a useful and expressive addition to Fortran, and that their use does not impact on performance. We discuss various ways in which the use of coarrays can be optimized in a program.
Genetic Alterations in the K-Ras Gene Influence the Prognosis in Patients With Cervical Cancer Treated by Radiotherapy

Introduction: A high incidence of K-Ras mutations has been identified in a variety of human cancers, especially in codon 12, 13, and 61. Nevertheless, the presence of K-Ras mutations in cervical cancer remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate possible mutations in exon 1 and 2 of the K-Ras gene and to assess whether K-Ras mutation status had prognostic and predictive significance and were linked to clinicopathological parameters. Methods: Genomic DNA from 107 patients with cervical cancer, treated with radiochemotherapy, were examined for mutations in the coding exons 1 and 2, including exon/intron borders of the K-Ras gene using single-stranded conformation polymorphism and sequence analyses. Results: K-Ras mutations were detected in 11 patients (10%). Seven tumors showed a mutation in codon 59, 3 tumors in codon 38, and 1 tumor in codon 13. In 6 of the cases with a mutation in codon 59, an additional alteration located in codon 65 was found. Patients with K-Ras mutations had significantly worse recurrence-free survival (P = 0.03), and an association between K-Ras status and distant metastases was also seen (P = 0.04). Conclusions: The present data indicate that K-Ras mutations are relatively uncommon in cervical cancer but associates with poorer prognosis, especially in the subset of squamous cell carcinomas. There is a need for new markers in cervical cancer to improve individual treatment, but whether K-Ras mutation status is a potential biomarker in this situation needs further investigations in larger tumor series and in more regions of the K-Ras gene.
Regulation of Arginine and Proline Catabolism in Bacillus licheniformis

The enzymes in the arginine breakdown pathway (arginase, ornithine-δ-transaminase, and Δ′-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase) were found to be present in Bacillus licheniformis cells during exponential growth on glutamate. These enzymes could be coincidentally induced by arginine or ornithine to a very high level and their synthesis could be repressed by the addition of glucose, clearly demonstrating catabolite repression control of the arginine degradative pathway. The strongest catabolite repression control of arginase occurred when cells were grown on glucose and this control decreased when cells were grown on glycerol, acetate, pyruvate, or glutamate. The proline catabolite pathway was present in B. licheniformis during exponential growth on glutamate. The proline oxidation and the Δ′-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase in this breakdown pathway were induced by l-proline to a high level. The Δ′-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase was found to be under catabolite repression control. Arginase could be induced by proline and arginine addition induced proline oxidation, suggesting a common in vivo inducer for these convergent pathways.
The Impact of Electronic Trading on Liquidity

During 1999 and 2000, three major futures exchanges transferred trading in stock index futures from open outcry to electronic markets: the London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange (LIFFE); Sydney Futures Exchange (SFE); and Hong Kong Futures Exchange (HKFE). These changes in trading systems provide unique natural experiments to assess the relative liquidity of open outcry and electronic markets. After controlling for price volatility and trading volume, bid-ask spreads are found to be lower under the electronic trading regimes implemented by all three exchanges, with significantly lower bid-ask spreads recorded for the electronic trading systems of the SFE and HKFE. This provides some evidence that electronic trading can facilitate higher levels of liquidity relative to floor traded markets. Evidence is found, however, that bid-ask spreads become wider in response to higher price volatility under electronic trading, relative to floor trading. This indicates that the performance of electronic trading systems deteriorates during periods of higher price volatility.