Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3 C-3 D VSP : The Blackfoot experiment

A 3C-3D VSP was acquired over the Blackfoot oil field in Alberta, Canada in 1995. The 3-D VSP was recorded simultaneously with a surface 3C-3D seismic program. The objectives of the 3-D VSP were to define recording logistics, develop data handling and processing procedures, and determine if the 3-D VSP could image the reservoir. The shots in the surface 3C-3D seismic survey that fell within 2200m offset from the recording well were used in the 3-D VSP. As the shots for the surface 3-D were being taken, the borehole tool moved seven times (75m each) recording over a receiver depth range from 400m to 910m. The 3-D VSP data were processed using basic VSP processing techniques that involved hodogram analysis, wavefield separation using median filters, and VSP deconvolution. The P-P and P-S volumes from the 3-D VSP were then obtained by VSPCDP stacking the upgoing wavefields in 3-D cells followed by f-xy deconvolution. Final P-P and P-S images from the 3-D VSP correlate well with those from the surface 3C-3D survey. Time slices from the 3D VSP also indicate the trend of the Glauconitic sand channel of the Blackfoot field. INTRODUCTION From Stewart and Gulati (1997), we know that borehole seismic surveys have a long history of providing rock properties such as interval velocity, impedance and attenuation near the borehole. These surveys have also assisted surface-seismic interpretation through time-to-depth values and the provision of a zero-phase reflectivity that is largely multiple-free. These results are basically one-dimensional within a Fresnel zone near the borehole. With the advent of offset source positions, techniques were developed to obtain a structural image from VSP data (Wyatt and Wyatt, 1984; Chang and McMechan, 1986, Whitmore and Lines, 1986). These produced credible 2-D sections. While valuable, this 2-D VSP image still had limitations such as suffering from restricted angular coverage per bin, limited total bin fold, and difficulty tying various shot statics and moveout. The fundamental 2-D limitation in the VSP, and indeed many of the other previously mentioned problems, can be overcome by using an areal distribution of shot points, or in the reverse VSP case an areal distribution of receivers. This allows a 3-D image to be constructed near the borehole. Interest in 3-D well seismic data led to investigations of the feasibility and advantages of using the 3-D VSP geometry. Chen and McMechan (1992) used a pre* Baker Atlas, Calgary
The Reduced Pressure Test as a Measuring Tool in the Evaluation of Porosity / Hydrogen Content in AI-7 Wt pct Si-10 Vol pct SiC ( p ) Metal Matrix Composite

Porosity is one of the important factors critical to the production of optimum aluminum alloy castings. Hydrogen is mainly responsible for the "gas porosity" in such castings, which is also affected by other factors including melt cleanliness. The importance, therefore, of obtaining a reliable estimate of the melt hydrogen level prior to casting has led to the development of several techniques, among which the reduced pressure test (RPT), basically a comparative, qualitative test, appears to be the one popularly used in foundries due to its simplicity and easy adaptation to the foundry floor. Attempts have been made to quantify the test by correlating the densities of reduced pressure samples with the hydrogen contents of their melts. In the present study, the RPT was tested as a means of determining the hydrogen content in A1-7 wt pet Si-10 vol pct SiC composite melts as part of an on-going study being carded out in our laboratories on such composites. The results reveal that rather than indicating the hydrogen content of the melt, the RPT is a better indicator of the porosity content of the cast sample and can be employed as a melt quality measuring tool, provided the sample density is correctly related to said porosity. Qualitative analysis is substantiated throughout by pore size and distribution data obtained from image analysis. It is also found that compared to the unreinforced A356 matrix alloy, the composite material has a beneficial effect on the formation of porosity due to the tendency of the SiC reinforcement particles to restrict the growth of the pores. This, coupled with the microporosity associated with the presence of the SiC particles, results in the skewed pore size distribution curves typically observed for the composite samples.
A Review of Students ' Admission Policies for Quality Assurance and Quality Education in Kenyan Universities

This paper is a review to identify policy interventions that improve education quality. Ultimately, the review is focused on effectiveness of student admission policies in public and private universities in Kenya. The demand for university education in Kenya has significantly increased over the recent times. Many Secondary school leavers and the working class people look for opportunities to pursue University Education. There are also students from other countries who would like to study in Kenya. The diversity of sources for access to university education available to potential student population has posed a challenge to student admission policies. It was found that public universities do not have the requisite national and ethnic diversity of students. However, majority of the students were studying courses of their preference. Faith based and private universities tend to consider the religious faith of students before accepting or rejecting application for admission. Further, public universities admit students with higher grades compared to private universities. It is recommended that the government should continue to review and enforce policies regulating student admission to guarantee transferability of student grades across universities, acceptable diversity of students and higher standards of education in public and private universities.
Disentangled Representation of Data Distributions in Scatterplots

We present a data-driven approach to obtain a disentangled and interpretable representation that can characterize bivariate data distributions of scatterplots. We first collect tabular datasets from the Web and build a training corpus consisting of over one million scatterplot images. Then, we train a state-of-the-art disentangling model, β-variational autoencoder, to derive a disentangled representation of the scatterplot images. The main output of this work is a list of 32 representative features that can capture the underlying structures of bivariate data distributions. Through latent traversals, we seek for high-level semantics of the features and compare them to previous human-derived concepts such as scagnostics measures. Finally, using the 32 features as an input, we build a simple neural network to predict the perceptual distances between scatterplots that were previously scored by human annotators. We found Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the predicted and perceptual distances was above 0.75, which indicates the effectiveness of our representation in the quantitative characterization of scatterplots.
Perceptions of Mental Health Needs and Supports among College Students Who Aged Out of Foster Care

Growing up in foster care is associated with higher levels of mental health stress in young adulthood. These mental health stressors influence how young people from foster care engage in and succeed in college. This article examines the perceptions of college students with foster care histories as they relate to mental health challenges. Focus groups and qualitative interviews with a total of 15 college students who were enrolled in a scholarship support program based on their prior history in foster care participated in this study. The findings show that the participants perceive themselves as having greater mental health challenges compared to their peers. Additionally, they identify reasons to explain feelings of reluctance to utilize mental health services during college. Implications for supporting college students with foster care histories are discussed.
Sulcal Patterns of Fossil Theropithecus Baboons: Phylogenetic and Functional Implications

Suical patterns were determined from endocasts o f fossil Theropithecus (T. oswaldi and T. darti) and compared to the sulcal pattern o f extant geladas (T. gelada). A comparison o f the configurations o f central and arcuate sulci suggests that the cortical motor face representation is relatively enlarged in extant Theropithecus, whereas the cortical motor and sensory face representations were enlarged in T. oswaldi. A relatively expanded sensory and~or motor cortical face representation may be related to masticatory (e.g., "'seed-eating") and gestural (e.g., "'lipflip") functions. Since T. oswaldi is more derived (expanded) in sensory face representation than T. gelada, it seems unlikely that it was a direct ancestor o f modern geladas. Rather, the two groups were separate by 1.8 million years ago and may have had a most recent common ancestor similar to T. darti f rom the Hadar Formation o f Ethiopia between 2 and 3 million years ago.
Knowledge and attitude of antenatal attendees towards caesarean section in a University Teaching Hospital in Southern Nigeria

A skilled attendant at birth as well as comprehensive emergency obstetric care with caesarean section available to parturients in need has been advocated to reduce the appalling maternal mortality and morbidity prevalent in sub-saharan African. Even though caesarean section rates continue to rise around the world, its utilization in Africa remains low due to a strong aversion to this surgery. This study assesses the knowledge and attitude of pregnant women towards caesarean section in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was administered to 297 consenting pregnant women. Data was analysed using Strata version 12. All the patients had knowledge of caesarean section. Two hundred and ten women (70.70%) would accept it as an option of delivery. Eighty seven (29.30%) patients would not accept the procedure under any circumstance.The place of residence (P< 0.024); mother’s level of education (P<0.00) and place of last delivery (P<0.00) were significantly associated with acceptance of caesarean section. Even though there was a high level of knowledge of caesarean section, despite the high educational level of the respondents a significant number still refused caesarean section as an option of delivery. There is a need for continuous education of antenatal patients on the role of caesarean section as an alternative to unsafe vaginal delivery in our environment. Doctors should play an active role in this education.
Lack of Evidence for Seed Transmission of ‘ Candidatus Liberibacter africanus ’ Associated with Greening ( Huanglongbing ) in Citrus in South Africa

‘Candidatus Liberibacter africanus’ is associated with citrus greening (huanglongbing [HLB]) in South Africa. Various unpublished reports have suggested that the related bacterium ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ associated with HLB in citrus might be seed transmissible based on real-time PCR results. Seed transmission poses a risk of long distance disease spread, especially with the dissemination of rootstock seed. Therefore, it was essential to determine whether ‘Ca. L. africanus’ is seed transmitted in citrus. Fruit from 26 ‘Ca. L. africanus’-infected branches of six citrus cultivars showing greening symptoms were collected and the seed was harvested. Cultivars included were Minneola tangelo (Citrus reticulata × C. paradisi); sweet oranges (C. sinensis) Premier midseason, Clanor midseason, and Olinda Valencia; Eureka lemon (C. limon) and Troyer citrange (Poncirus trifoliata × C. sinensis) rootstock variety. Branches bearing each fruit were collected and confirmed to contain ‘Ca. L. africanus’ by real-time PCR testing using Taqman probe HLBp and HLBaf and HLBr primers as described by Li et al. (3). The seed of each sample was sorted into five categories ranging from healthy looking to totally aborted based on their appearance before planting. Germination was done in seed trays under vector-free conditions at 24 to 28°C. Thereafter the seedlings were planted in small, plastic bags and monitored for greening-like symptoms or other abnormalities for up to 2 years. A slow-release, balanced fertilizer was applied and supplemented with micro-nutrient sprays for plant maintenance. Plants showing abnormal symptoms were potted into larger pots and closely monitored. These samples and a number of other seedlings showing growth abnormalities were tested for ‘Ca. L. africanus' by real-time PCR as described above. In total, 1,570 seedlings were obtained. Some abnormal symptoms such as small chlorotic leaves, interveinal chlorosis, yellow veins, and stunting were seen in some seedlings. Most symptoms resembled deficiencies, and no blotchy mottle typical of ‘Ca. L. africanus’ infection was noted on any of the seedlings. Abnormal seedlings arose from normal and abortive seed. One hundred and eighteen of these seedlings (8 Minneola tangelo; 24 Premier midseason, 42 Clanor midseason, 33 Olinda Valencia, and 11 Troyer citrange seedlings) were individually tested using real-time PCR for ‘Ca. L. africanus’ detection. These seedlings had germinated from essentially healthy-looking seed (category 1) to seeds with severe abnormalities (category 5) and 33, 24, 23, 30, and 8 seedlings, respectively, were tested from each of the five seed categories. No Quick Links
Effect of a Parent-Focused Intervention for Autistic Children on Parenting Stress at Assiut City

: Autism is a neurological disorder characterized by qualitative impairments in social interaction, qualitative impairments in communication, and restricted repetitive, stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests, and activities. Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are relatively common without known etiology can be found in 80-90% of cases. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of a parent-focused intervention for autistic children on parenting stress at Assiut City. Subjects and methods: The study was Quasi-experimental research design. It was conducted in all autism centers at Assiut city which includes 7 centers and included 73 parents who agreed to participate in this study selected by convenient sample; this sample included 47 mothers and 26 fathers. The study included three tools: - a structured interview sheet, parents’ knowledge assessment about autism, and parenting stress scale. The main results of the study indicated that there was highly statistically significant differences between mothers’ and fathers’ knowledge about autism (P-value = 0.000) in pre, immediate post-test and follow-up. Moreover there was highly statistically significant difference between Parental stress scale for mothers and fathers in pre-test and immediate post-test respectively ( P-value= 0.000 *& 0.002*) while no statistically significant difference between pre-test and follow-up respectively ( P-value= 0.152 & 0.417). The study Concluded that there was improvement of parents’ knowledge about autism in immediate post-test and follow up; moreover the parents’ stress level was decreased in immediate post-test than pre-test while the stress level again slightly increase during follow up test. The study recommended that: Nursing staff should play a much greater role in supporting parents and providing them with important information through pediatrics clinics, Maternal and Child Health Centers (MCH), and others.
Active Internationalization of Software Enterprises: Scale Development and Validation

A 34-item scale was developed to measure the attributes that contribute to success in the active internationalization processes of small and medium enterprises of software. Data from 103 companies was analysed. The scale was developed and available online in 4 languages. Based on established scale development procedures, such as exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis, a final version of the research scale was proposed, composed by 15 items grouped in 4 dimensions. Innovation, entrepreneurship, network, and foreign market knowledge appear to be important factors for the success in the active internationalization processes of small and medium enterprise of software. Reliability and validity measures were calculated in order to check the adequacy of the proposed model. Concluding remarks discuss theoretical and managerial implications with limitations and directions for future research.
Tax Reform and the Valuation of Superstar Firms

This paper uses an event study of the impact of the 2017 U.S. tax bill on share prices of publicly traded corporations to investigate the market power in the corporate sector. The corporate tax rate reduction from 35% to 21%, along with other changes, increased share prices on average, albeit with considerable variation among firms. The benefits of the tax bill were most apparent at the top: for example, while among the decile of firms with the highest profit rate almost 80% gained value upon news of the reform, merely 60% did among the lowest decile of firms. Furthermore, the gains were concentrated among firms with higher measures of profitability and market power, which is consistent with the presence of economic rents and imperfect market competition. ∗Department of Economics, University of Michigan (Ann Arbor). †Many thanks to E. Han Kim and the Ross School of Business for the generous financial support offered through the E. Han Kim Doctoral Fellowship. I would also like to thank, for their invaluable comments and suggestions, the audience of the Public Finance seminar at the University of Michigan, the 75th Annual Congress of the International Institute of Public Finance, and the 6th Mannheim Taxation Conference. Jim Hines, Joel Slemrod, Ying Fan, Kyle Handley, Amanda Kowalski, Jeffrey Hoopes, E. Han Kim, Ashley Craig, Alberto Arredondo, Andrew Usher, Tejaswi Velayudhan, Luis Baldomero, Connor Cole, Will Boning, Jack Liebersohn, Meera Mahadevan, Steve Hamilton, Ellen Stuart, and Benjamin Glass provided insights that helped to reshape this paper, for which I am extremely grateful. Any mistakes are, of course, my own.
Frequency and Demographics of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Turkish Women in Ankara

Objective: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is strongly recommended by the World Health Organization during the first six months of life. Breastfeeding should continue up to two years or more for optimal growth, development and health while it is suggested to start supplementary foods beginning from seventh month. The study aimed to determine frequency and examine the affecting factors of EBF in infants who were admitted to a pediatric outpatient clinic in Ankara, Turkey. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in six months period among 603 breastfeeding mothers, with infants aged 6-24 months, who attended to the well-baby clinic. Mothers’ perceptions about breastfeeding, complementary feeding practices and demographic characteristics were collected by interviewing with mothers. Results: Six months EBF rate was 38%. Median week of EBF was 16 weeks (1-40 weeks). Mothers giving birth at younger (≤19) or older (≥35) ages, and mothers having chronic diseases had shorter median week of EBF (p<0.05). Median duration of breastfeeding was 9 months (0-24 months). When mothers who interrupted EBF were asked why they had introduced supplementary foods early, the most frequent reason was mother’s perceptions of having inadequate breast milk (42.5%). Conclusions: The study indicates that frequency of 6 month EBF (38%) and median duration of breastfeeding (16 weeks) are low in our region, in Ankara. We must develop a local strategy to overcome mothers’ negative perceptions about EBF.
Shareholder Wealth Effects of M & A Withdrawals

I investigate the wealth effect around the announcements of the withdrawal of a merger or acquisition and the factors that have impact on such wealth effect. I report that, on average, the market reacts positively to the withdrawal of a deal. My results show that the acquiring firm’s withdrawal cumulative abnormal return is negatively related to the announcement cumulative abnormal return. I also find that acquiring firm termination fee provisions are positively associated with the acquiring firm’s withdrawal cumulative abnormal return, suggesting that such provisions play an important role in protecting acquiring shareholders’ interests in the event of a deal withdrawal. My results also show that target firm termination fee provisions are negatively associated with the acquiring firm’s withdrawal cumulative abnormal return, which support the efficiency hypothesis and the theory of managerial discretion. * Corresponding author. E-mail address: Yue.Liu@ed.ac. uk
Programming to Prevent Plagiarism : Three Approaches 38

Teaching writers to write from sources is so difficult that faculty from across disciplines seek professionalization and support, often motivated by worry about student plagiarism. This chapter surveys three different approaches to faculty development programming designed to create a culture of academic integrity at the postsecondary level. These three approaches to faculty development programming include focusing on conceptualizations of plagiarism, emphasizing best practices, and calling for a holistic approach. This chapter reviews and arranges scholarship within these three approaches. Ultimately, the holistic approach to faculty development in response to plagiarism emerges as the most promising way forward. T. Serviss (*) English Department, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, USA e-mail: trishserviss@gmail.com # Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 T. Bretag (ed.), Handbook of Academic Integrity, DOI 10.1007/978-981-287-098-8_73 551
International Conference on Energy and Power , ICEP 2018 , 13 – 15 December 2018 , dney , Australia A thermo-hydraulic characteristics investig tion in corrugated plate heat exchang r

District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective solutions for decreasing the greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector. These systems require high investments which are returned through the heat sales. Due to the changed climate conditions and building renovation policies, heat demand in the future could decrease, prolonging the investment return period. The main scope of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using the heat demand – outdoor temperature function for heat demand forecast. The district of Alvalade, located in Lisbon (Portugal), was used as a case study. The district is consisted of 665 buildings that vary in both construction period and typology. Three weather scenarios (low, medium, high) and three district renovation scenarios were developed (shallow, intermediate, deep). To estimate the error, obtained heat demand values were compared with results from a dynamic heat demand model, previously developed and validated by the authors. The results showed that when only weather change is considered, the margin of error could be acceptable for some applications (the error in annual demand was lower than 20% for all weather scenarios considered). However, after introducing renovation scenarios, the error value increased up to 59.5% (depending on the weather and renovation scenarios combination considered). The value of slope coefficient increased on average within the range of 3.8% up to 8% per decade, that corresponds to the decrease in the number of heating hours of 22-139h during the heating season (depending on the combination of weather and renovation scenarios considered). On the other hand, function intercept increased for 7.8-12.7% per decade (depending on the coupled scenarios). The values suggested could be used to modify the function parameters for the scenarios considered, and improve the accuracy of heat demand estimations. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of The 15th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling.