Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative changes in focal adhesion kinase and its 1 inhibitor , FRNK , drive load-dependent expression of 2 costamere components 3 4

costamere components 3 4 Stephan Klossner, Ruowei Li, Severin Ruoss, Anne-Cécile Durieux, Martin 5 Flück 6 7 8 Affiliation: Department of Anatomy, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland 9 Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, Manchester 10 Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom 11 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Berne, Switzerland 12 13 : corresponding author 14 Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health 15 School for HealthCare Science 16 Manchester Metropolitan University 17 Oxford Road 18 Manchester M1 5GD 19 United Kingdom 20 Tel: 0044 161 247 5417 21 Fax: 0044 161 247 5457 22 email: m.flueck@mmu.ac. uk 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Running title: Costameres during load-dependent muscle plasticity 32 33 Articles in PresS. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol (July 31, 2013). doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00007. 2013
Cost-Effective, Actionable Engagement Detection at Scale

Costs of educational measures and interventions have important real-world implications, made more pertinent when used at scale. Traditional measures of engagement (e.g., video and field observations) scale linearly, so that expanding from 10 classrooms to 100 can incur 10 times the cost. By contrast, the cost of applying an automated sensor-free detector of student engagement is independent of the size of the data set. While the development and validation of such detectors requires an initial investment, once this cost is amortized across large data sets, the cost per student/hour is quite modest. In addition, these detectors can be reused each year at minimal additional cost. In this paper, we provide a formal cost analysis of automated detectors of engagement for ASSISTments.
Immune System Changes After the Death of a Partner in HIV-Positive Gay Men

The objectives of this study were to determine 1) whether immune changes relevant to HIV progression occurred in HIV-seropositive men after the death of their intimate partner, and 2) whether depressed mood was associated with these immune changes. The bereaved group consisted of 39 gay men whose intimate partners had died of AIDS over the past year; the nonbereaved group consisted of 39 age- and HIV serostatus-matched nonbereaved men. Immunological parameters were assayed from blood samples drawn before and within 1 year after the death of the partner (bereaved group) or over an equivalent time period (nonbereaved group). In the HIV-seropositive bereaved men only, a significant increase in immune activation and a significant decrease in the proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin occurred after the death of the partner. These immunological changes were not explained by the use of recreational drugs, alcohol, cigarettes, or AZT. These data indicate that the death of an intimate partner in HIV-positive men is associated with immune changes that are relevant to HIV progression.
The Life and Times of Anton Wilhelm Amo

known for certain his African birth, his distinguished scholarly career in Europe, his eventual return to Ghana. He was born sometime around 1703, taken to Holland four years later, served at the court of Duke Anton Ulric in Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel, attended the universities of Halle, Wittenberg and probably Helmstedt, taught at Halle, Wittenberg and Jena, returned to Ghana sometime before 1753 and died on the coast probably during the i76o's. In this paper I have tried to examine these bare facts as closely as possible, to fill them out with a careful study of the known records of, and references to, this remarkable man, and thus to present the most comprehensive picture of his career yet done. I
Gender differences for uric acid as predictor of hard events in patients referred for coronary angiography.

AIM To assess gender differences in uric acid (UA) as predictor for hard events (HE, mortality and nonfatal myocardial infarction) in a large cohort of patients referred for coronary angiography. Design & patients: 3020 inpatients (2177 males, age: 68 ± 9 years, mean ± SD) were retrospectively studied, collecting data from the Institute electronic databank which included demographic, clinical, instrumental and follow-up data. RESULTS Although the Kaplan-Meier survival estimates showed a significantly worst outcome in female patients, high UA did not remained a significant predictor for HE after adjustment. Moreover, UA correlated with antioxidant capacity in both sexes. CONCLUSION Hyperuricemia was not an independent risk for HE, and being correlated with antioxidant capacity, its elevation appears more likely compensatory than causative for HE.
Enhancing the capability of central finance agencies

A well-organized and effective finance ministry and its associated central finance agencies (CFAs) are essential to good fiscal outcomes. Recent studies of CFAs in selected low-income countries demonstrate that their organizational structure varies widely and that decision making on public finance is strongly influenced by political economy factors. This note presents some common themes arising from the case studies and provides some descriptive evidence about the organizational structure of the CFAs. This note also includes evidence of a 'U-curve' pattern in the development of the organizational structure of CFAs over the long term. It confirms that political economy analysis, though difficult to apply in practice, is highly relevant in the development of reform strategies for strengthening CFAs and public financial management systems.
Oxygen-dependent hydroxylation by FIH regulates the TRPV3 ion channel

ABSTRACT Factor inhibiting HIF (FIH, also known as HIF1AN) is an oxygen-dependent asparaginyl hydroxylase that regulates the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Several proteins containing ankyrin repeat domains (ARDs) have been characterised as substrates of FIH, although there is little evidence for a functional consequence of hydroxylation on these substrates. This study demonstrates that the transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) channel is hydroxylated by FIH on asparagine 242 within the cytoplasmic ARD. Hypoxia, FIH inhibitors and mutation of asparagine 242 all potentiated TRPV3-mediated current, without altering TRPV3 protein levels, indicating that oxygen-dependent hydroxylation inhibits TRPV3 activity. This novel mechanism of channel regulation by oxygen-dependent asparaginyl hydroxylation is likely to extend to other ion channels.
Magnitude of Pre-marital Sexual Practice and its Associated Factors among Mizan Preparatory School Students in Mizan Aman Town, South West Ethiopia

Background: Premarital sexual practice increases adolescents risk for infection with HIV and other STDs. In Ethiopia, an increasingly large number of adolescents are enrolled in preparatory schools. Early initiation to sexual intercourse without having proper protection has been one of the concerns. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess magnitude of premarital sexual practice and associated factors among Mizan preparatory school students in Mizan town, south west Ethiopia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design was conducted from April 9 to June 20, 2017. Data collection tool used in this study was structured self-administered questionnaire. Data was checked for completeness and accuracy and entered to SPSS version 21 software packages for analysis. Frequency distribution, charts, figures and tables were used to present the results. Odd ratio and Logistic regression with 95% confidence intervals were used to see the association between explanatory variables with premarital sexual practice. Result: Of 320 study participants, 25.2% (56.6% of males and 43.4% of females) of them reported as they had practiced premarital sexual intercourse before. Drinking alcohol (AOR=4.06, [95%CI: 2.06-7.99]), watching pornographic films and educational status of mother were significantly associated with premarital sexual practices. The reasons cited for the initiation of the first sexual intercourse were fall in love (38.2%), had desire (27.6%), rape (3.9%), peer pressure (10.6%), to get money/gifts (7.9%) were drunk (2.6%) and other 9.2%. Conclusion and recommendation: In this studied area the prevalence of premarital sexual practices among students were significant in contrast to other similar regions of the country. Moreover, practicing risky sexual behaviors such as khat chewing, drinking alcohol, smoking cigarette at early age were the common. Therefore, it is imperative to bring behavioral change through establishing and strengthening school anti AIDS clubs and integrating reproductive health education at all levels of schools.
Corpus Creation and Initial SMT Experiments between Spanish and Shipibo-konibo

In this paper, we present the first attempts to develop a machine translation (MT) system between Spanish and Shipibo-konibo (es-shp). There are very few digital texts written in Shipibo-konibo and even less bilingual texts that can be aligned, hence we had to create a parallel corpus using both bilingual and monolingual texts. We will describe how this corpus was made, as well as the process we followed to improve the quality of the sentences used to build a statistical MT model or SMT. The results obtained surpassed the baseline proposed (dictionary based) and made a promising result for further development considering the size of corpus used. Finally, it is expected that this MT system can be reinforced with the use of additional linguistic rules and automatic language processing functions that are being implemented.
Sonographic detection of smoking‐related decreased fetal growth.

The influence of the effect of maternal smoking on various parameters of fetal growth was tested on two different groups of patients. One was studied with a cross‐sectional design and the other one with a longitudinal approach. The fetal parameters measured, reflected head growth (biparietal and occipito‐frontal diameters), somatic growth (femur, humerus, tibia, ulna, arm perimeter, thigh perimeter), and visceral growth (abdominal perimeter, cardiac diameters and volume, kidney diameters and volume). The results derived from the longitudinal study demonstrated that head, somatic, and visceral parameters were all affected, when compared with normal curve, while with the cross‐sectional study it was not possible to demonstrate impairment of growth. It is concluded that although there is an effect on fetal growth, the detection of such an effect requires sophisticated statistical techniques and study design. This corroborates various studies that had dealt only with the biparietal diameter (BPD) growth.
Penetration of Candida Biofilms by Antifungal Agents

ABSTRACT A filter disk assay was used to investigate the penetration of antifungal agents through biofilms containing single and mixed-species biofilms containing Candida. Fluconazole permeated all single-species Candida biofilms more rapidly than flucytosine. The rates of diffusion of either drug through biofilms of three strains of Candida albicans were similar. However, the rates of drug diffusion through biofilms of C. glabrata or C. krusei were faster than those through biofilms of C. parapsilosis or C. tropicalis. In all cases, after 3 to 6 h the drug concentration at the distal edge of the biofilm was very high (many times the MIC). Nevertheless, drug penetration failed to produce complete killing of biofilm cells. These results indicate that poor antifungal penetration is not a major drug resistance mechanism for Candida biofilms. The abilities of flucytosine, fluconazole, amphotericin B, and voriconazole to penetrate mixed-species biofilms containing C. albicans and Staphylococcus epidermidis (a slime-producing wild-type strain, RP62A, and a slime-negative mutant, M7) were also investigated. All four antifungal agents diffused very slowly through these mixed-species biofilms. In most cases, diffusion was slower with biofilms containing S. epidermidis RP62A, but amphotericin B penetrated biofilms containing the M7 mutant more slowly. However, the drug concentrations reaching the distal edges of the biofilms always substantially exceeded the MIC. Thus, although the presence of bacteria and bacterial matrix material undoubtedly retarded the diffusion of the antifungal agents, poor penetration does not account for the drug resistance of Candida biofilm cells, even in these mixed-species biofilms.
The illness trajectory of elderly cancer patients across cultures: SIOG position paper.

BACKGROUND Due to the aging of the population, cancer has become a health priority worldwide. While the number of elderly cancer patients is rapidly increasing, many barriers still exist to their effective management. Compared with their younger counterparts, the elderly are less likely to receive optimal medical, psychological and spiritual treatment provided in a culturally competent manner. DESIGN The scanty literature on cultural competence in elderly cancer patients has been reviewed. Additional material has been selected based on the authors' clinical research in medical oncology and psycho-oncology, and on their scholarly work in anthropology and bioethics. RESULTS The aging process is a synergistic product of biological, behavioral and social issues within a cultural context. Knowledge about how older people understand, perceive and experience their illness trajectory and make choices is essential to the planning and delivering of effective cancer care. CONCLUSION This position paper of the SIOG Task Force on Cultural Competence in the Elderly creates awareness of the influence of culture in geriatric oncology. Negotiating cross-cultural issues in geriatric oncology helps managing possible conflicts between patients, families and physicians over differing health care values, beliefs, or practices. Possible areas of future scholarly investigation and clinical research are identified.
Effects of estradiol on neural responses to social signals in female túngara frogs

ABSTRACT Estradiol plays an important role in mediating changes in female sexual behavior across reproductive cycles. In the túngara frog [Physalaemus (=Engystomops) pustulosus], the relationship between gonadal activity and female sexual behavior, as expressed by phonotaxis, is mediated primarily by estradiol. Estradiol receptors are expressed in auditory and motivational brain areas and the hormone could serve as an important modulator of neural responses to conspecific calls. To better understand how estradiol modifies neural responses to conspecific social signals, we manipulated estradiol levels and measured expression of the immediate early gene egr-1 in the auditory midbrain, thalamus and limbic forebrain in response to conspecific or heterospecific calls. We found that estradiol and conspecific calls increased egr-1 expression in the auditory midbrain and limbic forebrain, but in the thalamus, only conspecific calls were effective. In the preoptic area, estradiol enhanced the effect of the conspecific call on egr-1 expression, suggesting that the preoptic area could act as a hormonal gatekeeper to phonotaxis. Overall, the results suggest that estradiol has broad influences on the neural circuit involved in female reproduction, particularly those implicated in phonotaxis. Summary: Estradiol changes the basal activity of the auditory midbrain and limbic forebrain of female túngara frogs, and modifies the response of the preoptic area to mating calls.
Specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility among the fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption test, the microhemagglutination assay for Treponema pallidum antibodies, and the hemagglutination treponemal test for syphilis

Using 920 sera, we compared the specificity and reproducibility of the hemagglutination treponemal test for syphilis with those of the fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption test and the microhemagglutination assay for Treponema pallidum antibodies; we found all three tests to be comparable. However, the hemagglutination treponemal test for syphilis, like the microhemagglutination assay for T. pallidum antibodies, lacked sensitivity in sera from patients with primary syphilis.
The emergence of developmental psychopathology.

Special issues of Child Development are somewhat rare occurrences, and, as such, they mark significant and noteworthy points in the development and maturation of a scientific discipline. In recent months, we have seen special issues on early adolescent development (December 1982), developmental behavioral genetics (April 1983), and high-risk infants (October 1983). In each of these instances, the special issues of Child Development marked a kind of coming of age of these disciplines-a time of consolidation, a time when impressive but scattered interdisciplinary results could be collected, combined, and transformed into a unified discipline having its own history, integrity, and program for the future.
Large Animal Models for Foamy Virus Vector Gene Therapy

Foamy virus (FV) vectors have shown great promise for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy. Their ability to efficiently deliver transgenes to multi-lineage long-term repopulating cells in large animal models suggests they will be effective for several human hematopoietic diseases. Here, we review FV vector studies in large animal models, including the use of FV vectors with the mutant O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, MGMTP140K to increase the number of genetically modified cells after transplantation. In these studies, FV vectors have mediated efficient gene transfer to polyclonal repopulating cells using short ex vivo transduction protocols designed to minimize the negative effects of ex vivo culture on stem cell engraftment. In this regard, FV vectors appear superior to gammaretroviral vectors, which require longer ex vivo culture to effect efficient transduction. FV vectors have also compared favorably with lentiviral vectors when directly compared in the dog model. FV vectors have corrected leukocyte adhesion deficiency and pyruvate kinase deficiency in the dog large animal model. FV vectors also appear safer than gammaretroviral vectors based on a reduced frequency of integrants near promoters and also near proto-oncogenes in canine repopulating cells. Together, these studies suggest that FV vectors should be highly effective for several human hematopoietic diseases, including those that will require relatively high percentages of gene-modified cells to achieve clinical benefit.
Healthy and unhealthy eating at lower secondary school in Norway

Aims: To assess adolescents’ eating/drinking habits of a selection of healthy and unhealthy food items at school, variations in gender and socioeconomic status in these eating habits, and variations between the schools. Methods: A cross-sectional study among 2870 adolescents (mean age: 15.5 years) within the Fruits and Vegetables Make the Marks (FVMM) project. A survey questionnaire was completed by the pupils in the classroom in the presence of a trained project worker. One school lesson (45 minutes) was used to complete the questionnaire. A total of two healthy (fruit and vegetables (FV), water) and five unhealthy (candy and/or potato chips, sweet bakery, instant noodles, regular soft drinks, and diet soft drinks) food items were assessed by food frequency questions. All variables were dichotomised to less than once a week and once a week or more. Results: Several pupils reported to consume snacks (33%), sweet bakery (36%) and regular soft drinks (24%) at school at least once a week. The proportion of pupils who reported to eat FV at least once a week (40%) was low. Girls and pupils with plans of higher education had a more favourable intake of healthy versus unhealthy food items at school. In two-level variance component analyses the proportional school variation ranged from 3.4% (diet soft drinks) to 30.7% (noodles). Conclusions: A large number of adolescents consume unhealthy food items at school and few eat FV. Large differences were observed between groups of pupils and between the schools in consumption of these foods.
Incentives for Banking Megamergers: What Motives Might Regulators Infer from Event-Study Evidence?

Methodologically, this paper frames the opportunity cost of any merger as the value of the alternative deals it precludes or defers. This challenges the standard event-study hypothesis that stock markets benchmark the value of a merger deal by the profits the partners would have earned in stand-alone activity. Substantively, the paper finds that megamergers in banking show two size-related exceptions to the prototypical result that acquirer stock value tends to be unaffected or to fall when a merger is announced. Giant U.S. banking organizations gain value from becoming more gigantic and gain additional value when they absorb an in-state competitor.
Multispectral Demosaicing Using Pseudo-Panchromatic Image

Single-sensor color cameras, which classically use a color filter array to sample RGB channels, have recently been extended to the multispectral domain. To sample more than three wavelength bands, such systems use a multispectral filter array that provides a raw image in which a single channel value is available at each pixel. A demosaicing procedure is then needed to estimate a fully defined multispectral image. In this paper, we review multispectral demosaicing methods and propose a new one based on the pseudo-panchromatic image (PPI). Pixel values in the PPI are computed as the average spectral values. Experimental results show that our method provides estimated images of better quality than classical ones.
Living Legends: Students' Responses to an Intergenerational Life Review Writing Program

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of participation in the Living Legends program upon health science students' image of older adults and interest in working with older people. A multisite quasi‐experimental control group design with a connected qualitative component was used. Program sites included three Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities (NORCs) and one senior center. Health science students (n = 43) from two universities and two community colleges and community‐dwelling seniors (n = 39) participated in the program. A baseline questionnaire was used to ascertain demographic characteristics and prior type and amount of contact with older adults. The Image of Aging Scale and Likert‐style questions to measure interest in working with older adults were the primary outcome measures. Written responses to program experiences were also collected. Analysis of covariance was used to compare changes in Image of Aging subscale scores from pre‐ to posttest. Mean change in positive image of older adults subscale scores was 4.6 (SD = 4.4) for the intervention group and −0.6 (SD = 4.8) for the control group. The difference between groups was significant (F = 22.0, P < .001), and the effect size was large (Cohen's d = 1.07). Nine of the 22 students in the intervention group had a greater interest in working with seniors after the program. Qualitative themes that emerged included a positive and beneficial experience, life lessons, seeing the person beyond the visible, power of the written word, and shared lives. Living Legends is an effective program to enhance positive images of older adults in future healthcare professionals and may have a positive impact on some students with regard to interest in working with older adults.