Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Justice and Burnout on Achievement: An Empirical Investigation of University Students / Učinci pravednosti i sagorijevanja na uspjeh: empirijsko istraživanje među studentima

AbstractThe study examined the relationships among justice, burnout, and academic achievement using a sample (N=1,505) of undergraduate university students. The study was conducted at a university in northern part of Cyprus. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses. The results revealed that distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice were associated with burnout. In addition, distributive and interactional justice had a significant positive relationship with academic achievement. Procedural justice had no significant relationship with academic achievement while burnout had a negative association with students' academic achievement. Additionally, burnout was treated as a mediator between justice dimensions and academic achievement. The results of the Sobel test illustrated that burnout partially mediated the effect of distributive and interactional justice on academic achievement. The study provides discussion, limitations and directions for future research.Key words: academic achievement; burnout; conservation of resources; equity; higher education. ---SažetakIstraživanje se bavi odnosima između pravednosti, sagorijevanja i akademskog uspjeha na uzorku (N=1.505) preddiplomskih sveučilišnih studenata sveučilišta u sjevernom dijelu Cipra. Hijerarhijskom regresijskom analizom testirane su hipoteze. Rezultati su pokazali da postoji povezanost između distributivne pravednosti, proceduralne pravednosti i interakcijske pravednosti sa sagorijevanjem. Nadalje, rezultati su pokazali da postoji značajan pozitivan odnos između distributivne i interakcijske pravednosti I akademskog uspjeha. Proceduralna pravednost nije bila značajno povezana s akademskim uspjehom dok je sagorijevanje bilo negativno povezano s akademskim uspjehom studenata. Osim toga, sagorijevanje je tretirano kao posrednik između dimenzija pravednosti i akademskog uspjeha. Rezultati Sobelova testa pokazali su da je sagorijevanje dijelom posredovalo učinak distributivne i interakcijske pravednosti na akademski uspjeh. U istraživanju se donosi prikaz rasprave, ograničenja i smjernica za buduća istraživanja. Ključne riječi: akademski uspjeh; očuvanje resursa; pravednost; sagorijevanje; visoko obrazovanje.
Study on Nasal Deposition of Micro Particles and Its Relationship to Airflow Structure

Moisturizing and keeping clean the air that moves through the nose and get into the lungs are the core responsibilities of the turbinates in human body and respiratory system. In certain situations, inflammatory reaction of tubinates is the first sign that they come across an allergenic substance which can lead to inflammation of them but in real life having such turbinates is not quite as harmful as it sounds. To solve this problematic issue, there are a few actions that can be taken. Turbinates are bony projections which can be found on both sides of the nasal cavity. There are typically three sets of them: the inferior turbinate, which is the largest and is located closest to the nostril, the middle turbinate which is the second largest and the superior turbinate which is the smallest in size amongst Abstract: A computational model was established in order to study the pressure, velocity and particle deposition in a human nasal cavity, including: nasopharynx, main airway, nasal valve and vestibule. Coronal CT scan images of a 39 years old Malaysian female were used to produce the 3D model. The Lagrangian approach was used to find the trajectories of micro-particles for 20 L/min flow rate. The deposition rate of micro particles were evaluated and the major hot spots for the deposition of injected particles were found. On the other hand, the pressure drop and velocity magnitude of the patient were investigated and compared in this paper. It was found that the particle diameter has significant impact on deposition patterns for the micro particles. Additionally, with increase of particle diameter, micron particles experienced higher total deposition efficiency.
Analysis of Carnosine, Homocarnosine, and Other Histidyl Derivatives in Rat Brain

Isocratic reverse‐phase analytical HPLC has been used to examine naturally occurring imidazoles of rat brain. Elution of brain extracts with a phosphate buffer mobile phase from columns packed with Hypersil ODS (5 μm) resulted in good separation of the well‐documented brain imidazole‐containing dipeptides carnosine and homocarnosine. Measured concentrations corresponded to published values. Several further peaks observed had properties consistent with those of N‐acetyl derivatives of compounds related to carnosine and homocarnosine. N‐Acetyl forms not commercially available were prepared and their identities verified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A number of these had chromatographic properties identical to those of compounds in brain extracts. Fractions corresponding to some of the peaks were examined using staining systems specific for certain chemical features and compared with results obtained for commercial or synthetic standards. The results of these tests supported the chromatographic data. Thus, chromatographic and microchemical evidence is presented for the existence of N‐acetyl forms of histidine, 1‐methylhistidine, carnosine, anserine, and homocarnosine in rat brain.
The global tropospheric ammonia distribution as seen in the 13-year AIRS measurement record

Abstract. Ammonia (NH3) plays an increasingly important role in the global biogeochemical cycle of reactive nitrogen as well as in aerosol formation and climate. We present extensive and nearly continuous global ammonia measurements made by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) from the Aqua satellite to identify and quantify major persistent and episodic sources as well as to characterize seasonality. We examine the 13-year period from September 2002 through August 2015 with a retrieval algorithm using an optimal estimation technique with a set of three, spatially and temporally uniform a priori profiles. Vertical profiles show good agreement (∼ 5–15 %) between AIRS NH3 and the in situ profiles from the winter 2013 DISCOVER-AQ (DISCOVER-Air Quality) field campaign in central California, despite the likely biases due to spatial resolution differences between the two instruments. The AIRS instrument captures the strongest consistent NH3 concentrations due to emissions from the anthropogenic (agricultural) source regions, such as South Asia (India/Pakistan), China, the United States (US), parts of Europe, Southeast (SE) Asia (Thailand/Myanmar/Laos), the central portion of South America, as well as Western and Northern Africa. These correspond primarily to irrigated croplands, as well as regions with heavy precipitation, with extensive animal feeding operations and fertilizer applications where a summer maximum and a secondary spring maximum are reliably observable. In the Southern Hemisphere (SH) regular agricultural fires contribute to a spring maximum. Regions of strong episodic emissions include Russia and Alaska as well as parts of South America, Africa, and Indonesia. Biomass burning, especially wildfires, dominate these episodic NH3 high concentrations.
Regression of tumors in mice vaccinated with professional antigen‐presenting cells pulsed with tumor extracts

Vaccination with tumor extracts circumvents the need to identify specific tumor rejection antigens and extends the use of active immunotherapy to the vast majority of cancers, in which specific tumor antigens have not yet been identified. In this study we examined the efficacy of tumor vaccines comprised of unfractionated tumor material presented by professional antigen‐presenting cells (APC): dendritic cells (DC) or macrophages (Mø). To enhance the relevance of these studies for human patients we used 2 poorly immunogenic murine tumor models and evaluated and effectiveness of the vaccination protocols in tumor‐bearing animals. APC (in particular DC) pulsed with unfractionated extracts from these “poorly immunogenic” tumors were highly effective in eliciting tumor‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. A measurable CTL response could be detected after even a single immunization with tumor extract‐pulsed DC. DC or Mø pulsed with tumor extract were also effective vaccines in tumor‐bearing animals. In the murine bladder tumor (MBT‐2) model a modest extension of survival and 45% cure rate was seen in the animal groups immunized with DC or Mø pulsed with MBT‐2 tumor extract. DC or Mø pulsed with B16/F10.9 tumor extract were also remarkably effective in the B16 melanoma lung metastasis model, as shown by the observation that treatment with APC caused a significant reduction in lung metastases. Cumulatively, the CTL and immunotherapy data from the two murine tumor systems suggest that APC (in particular DC) pulsed with unfractionated cell extracts as a source of tumor antigen may be equally or more effective than genetically modified tumor vaccines. Int. J. Cancer 70:706–715, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Zinc deficiency is not a cause for abortion, congenital abnormality and small‐for‐gestational age infant in Chinese women

Summary. Zinc concentration in serum and hair was measured in a cross‐sectional study of 437 Chinese women of whom 310 were normal controls studied at various stages of pregnancy and up to 12 months after delivery. The rest had spontaneous abortions, fetuses with a birthweight below the 10th centile for gestation or congenital abnormalities. Zinc concentration fell throughout normal pregnancy, the fall being greater in serum than in hair. There was no correlation between serum and hair levels. The infant birthweight had a positive correlation with serum level but a negative correlation with hair level. Abortion, low birthweight and congenital abnormality were not associated with low concentrations of zinc in plasma or hair.
The effect of strabismus on object detection in the ring scotoma of a monocular bioptic telescope

People with reduced visual acuity are permitted to drive with the aid of bioptic telescopes in the USA, the Netherlands, and Canada. When viewing through a monocular bioptic telescope, suppression of the deviating eye in strabismus may reduce the ability of the non‐telescope eye to detect objects whose images fall in the ring scotoma area of the telescope eye, which could impair detection of traffic‐relevant events. This ability to detect stimuli in the ring scotoma area was compared for strabismic and non‐strabismic patients.
Selective synthesis and labeling of the polysialic acid capsule in Escherichia coli K1 strains with mutations in nanA and neuB

The enzymes required for polysialic acid capsule synthesis in Escherichia coli K1 are encoded by region 2 neu genes of the multigenic kps cluster. To facilitate analysis of capsule synthesis and translocation, an E. coli K1 strain with mutations in nanA and neuB, affecting sialic acid degradation and synthesis, respectively, was constructed by transduction. The acapsular phenotype of the mutant was corrected in vivo by exogenous addition of sialic acid. By blocking sialic acid degradation, the nanA mutation allows intracellular metabolite accumulation, while the neuB mutation prevents dilution by the endogenous sialic acid pool and allows capsule synthesis to be controlled experimentally by the exogenous addition of sialic acid to the growth medium. Complementation was detected by bacteriophage K1F adsorption or infectivity assays. Polysialic acid translocation was observed within 2 min after addition of sialic acid to the growth medium, demonstrating the rapidity in vivo of sialic acid transport, activation, and polymerization and translocation of polysaccharide to the cell surface. Phage adsorption was not inhibited by chloramphenicol, demonstrating that de novo protein synthesis was not required for polysialic acid synthesis or translocation at 37 degrees C. Exogenous radiolabeled sialic acid was incorporated exclusively into capsular polysaccharide. The polymeric nature of the labeled capsular material was confirmed by gel permeation chromatography and susceptibility of sialyl polymers to K1F endo-N-acylneuraminidase. The ability to experimentally manipulate capsule expression provides new approaches for investigating polysialic acid synthesis and membrane translocation mechanisms.
Occurrence of p 53 Gene Deletions and Human Papilloma Virus Infection in Human Head and Neck Cancer 1

Little is known regarding the molecular genetic events in head and neck carcinoma. EpidemiolÃ3gica! evidence suggests that both alcohol and tobacco use are related to the development of these neoplasms, and viral infections have also been postulated to play a role in some tumors. Loss of pSi tumor suppressor gene function has been found in many malignancies and can occur through either gene mutation or by inter action with the E6 protein of oncogenic human papilloma viruses (HPV). Because the mucosa! surfaces of the head and neck are exposed to mutagens and HPVs, we studied DNA derived from 30 stage I-IV squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (9 primary tumors and 21 early passage cell lines) for p53 gene mutations as well as for the presence of oncogenic HPV DNA. Exons 2 through 11 of the p53 gene were examined using single strand conformation polymorphism analysis followed by direct genomic sequencing of all variants. HPV detection was done using polymerase chain reaction amplification with HPV E6 region type specific primers as well as LI region degen erate ("consensus") primers; HPV type was determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the amplified fragment as well as by Southern blotting of genomic DNA. Sixteen of 30 tumors (53%) had p53 mutations and oncogenic HPV DNA was detected in 3 of 30 (10%) tumors, none of which had p53 mutations. The pS3 mutational spectrum observed was characterized by equal frequencies of transversions (6 of 16), transitions (5 of 16), and deletions (5 of 16). This distribution of mutations differs from the spectrum of p53 mutation reported in esophageal (/' = 0.05) and lung (/' = 0.02) cancers, two other tobacco associated neoplasms. A previously undescribed clustering of 3 mutations at codon 205 was also observed. A trend toward a shorter time to tumor recurrence after treatment was noted for those patients with tumors exhibiting p53 gene mutations, and no relationship between p53 mutations and tumor stage or node status was noted. Alteration in p53 gene function appears common in head and neck cancer, and the mutational spectrum observed may reflect the role of different mutagens or mutagenic processes than those responsible for the p53 mutations in lung and esophageal neoplasms.
İnmeli Bireylerin Üç Türkçe Afazi Testindeki Performansları Arasındaki İlişki: Bir Ölçüt Geçerliği Çalışması

Amaç: Afazili bireylerin dil özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi, afazi rehabilitasyonunda büyük önem taşımaktadır. Türkiye’de afazili bireylerin değerlendirilmesi amacına yönelik geliştirilmiş az sayıda test bulunmaktadır. Afazili bireylerin Türkçe’de kullanılan afazi testlerindeki performanslarının karşılaştırıldığı bir çalışma gereksinimi alanyazında önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın genel amacı, afazili katılımcıların Afazi Dil Değerlendirme Testi, Ege Afazi Testi ve Gülhane Afazi Testi 2 performansları arasındaki korelasyonun incelenmesi ve sonucunda da ADD’nin ölçüt geçerliği çalışmasını gerçekleştirmektir. Ayrıca, afazili katılımcıların yanı sıra çalışmada kontrol grubu olarak yer alan sağlıklı katılımcıların her iki testteki performansları da incelenmiştir. Ge reç ve Yön tem: Araştırma, Afazi Dil Değerlendirme Testi Ege Afazi Testi korelasyon çalışması ve Afazi Dil Değerlendirme Testi Gülhane Afazi Testi-2 korelasyon çalışması olmak üzere iki aşamada gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her bir aşamada söz konusu testler 30 afazili ve 30 sağlıklı katılımcıya uygulanmıştır. İki aşamada da karşılaştırılan her iki testte ortak olan alt testlerden elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır. Aynı zamanda her iki aşamada da kullanılan testler sağlıklı bireylere de uygulanmış ve performansları afazili bireylerin performansları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Elde edilen bulgulara göre, uygulanan üç testte de afazili bireylerin sağlıklı bireylerden belirgin biçimde düşük performans sergiledikleri ve afazili ve sağlıklı katılımcıların performansları arasında anlamlı fark olduğu bulunmuştur. Afazili bireylerin hem Afazi Dil Değerlendirme Testi Ege Afazi Testi hem de Afazi Dil Değerlendirme Testi Gülhane Afazi Testi-2 performansları arasında anlamlı düzeyde yüksek korelasyon olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak her üç testin birbiriyle yüksek korelasyon gösterdiği ve afazili bireylerin dil özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla birbirinin yerine kullanılabileceği görülmüştür. (Türk Nöroloji Dergisi 2012; 19:15-22) Anah tar Ke li me ler: Afazi, afazi değerlendirme, Afazi Dil Değerlendirme Testi, Ege Afazi Testi, Gülhane Afazi Testi-2 Sum mary
Joint radio resource management for multi-link terminals

With the increasing demands for a wireless communication network consisting of multiple air interfaces coexisting in the same operating area; with the increasing demands of multimedia user services and the emerging reconfigurable multi-mode terminal enabled by reconfigurable technologies, advanced Radio Resource Management (RRM) is needed to utilize the available system resource with performance improvement. In this thesis, the Joint Radio Resource Management (JRRM) schemes applicable for multi-standard radio access technologies or a network with multiple frequency layers in a service area are studied. This thesis contributes to the current discussions on 3G evolution w.r. t. increasing bandwidth demand, e.g. 10MHz for single users [26]. With the introduction of requirements on future radio technologies, Software Defined Radio (SDR) as one important pool of technologies being expected is briefly introduced. The state of the art of the research activities and the functional architecture of SDR system with detailed functioning models are unveiled. The JRRM modules for heterogeneous networks and multiple cell layers are explained. Two basic levels of JRRM approaches, namely Joint Session Admission Control (JOSAC) and Joint Session Scheduling Algorithm (JOSCH) based on one Radio Multi-Homing (RMH) approach (adaptive simultaneous radio links to a terminal) are introduced with necessary performance comparisons based on theoretical models and system level simulations. This thesis includes the following key contributions: Establishment of a general concept of JRRM and a functional architecture model for JRRM: In order to show the goodness of JRRM for interworking subnetworks, capacity gains contributed by JRRM including JOSAC and JOSCH compared to Non JRRM case are analysed based on the newly developed theoretical models. Analyses are carried out based on the traffic management policy (agnostic traffic splitting or policy based traffic splitting) and the switching method (circuit switched or packet switched) for various traffic types as HTTP, video, data and voice users.
Effect of date seeds on oxidative damage and antioxidant status in vivo.

BACKGROUND Date seeds have been shown to contain high amounts of antioxidants. However, in vivo studies on date seeds are lacking. Therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of date seeds on oxidative damage and antioxidant status in vivo. Male Wistar rats were fed a basal diet containing 0, 70 or 140 g kg(-1) date seeds for 30 days. All three diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Indication of oxidative damage was assessed in the liver and serum, and antioxidant status was assessed in the liver. Serum biochemical parameters, including indicators of tissue cellular damage and complete blood count with differential, were also determined. RESULTS The results showed that date seeds significantly (P<0.05) reduced liver and serum malondialdehyde (a lipid peroxidative damage product) and serum lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase. Liver antioxidants (vitamin E, vitamin C, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase), complete blood count with differential and other serum biochemical parameters assessed were not significantly altered by date seeds. CONCLUSION The results obtained suggest a protective effect of date seeds against in vivo oxidative damage, possibly through the action of their bioactive antioxidants.
Recruitment into psychiatry: quantitative myths and qualitative challenges

Summary Recruitment into psychiatry is perceived as problematic in the UK but the paper by Goldacre and colleagues in this issue of the Journal shows that recruitment of new UK graduates has altered little over 35 years. Sources of psychiatry's malaise should be sought in its changing focus and the quality, rather than quantity, of its recruits.
Automated detection of nerve fiber layer defects on retinal fundus images using fully convolutional network for early diagnosis of glaucoma

Early detection of glaucoma is important to slow down progression of the disease and to prevent total vision loss. We have been studying an automated scheme for detection of a retinal nerve fiber layer defect (NFLD), which is one of the earliest signs of glaucoma on retinal fundus images. In our previous study, we proposed a multi-step detection scheme which consists of Gabor filtering, clustering and adaptive thresholding. The problems of the previous method were that the number of false positives (FPs) was still large and that the method included too many rules. In attempt to solve these problems, we investigated the end-to-end learning system without pre-specified features. A deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) with deconvolutional layers was trained to detect NFLD regions. In this preliminary investigation, we investigated effective ways of preparing the input images and compared the detection results. The optimal result was then compared with the result obtained by the previous method. DCNN training was carried out using original images of abnormal cases, original images of both normal and abnormal cases, ellipse-based polar transformed images, and transformed half images. The result showed that use of both normal and abnormal cases increased the sensitivity as well as the number of FPs. Although NFLDs are visualized with the highest contrast in green plane, the use of color images provided higher sensitivity than the use of green image only. The free response receiver operating characteristic curve using the transformed color images, which was the best among seven different sets studied, was comparable to that of the previous method. Use of DCNN has a potential to improve the generalizability of automated detection method of NFLDs and may be useful in assisting glaucoma diagnosis on retinal fundus images.
SLK/LOSK kinase regulates cell motility independently of microtubule organization and Golgi polarization

Cell motility is an essential complex process that requires actin and microtubule cytoskeleton reorganization and polarization. Such extensive rearrangement is closely related to cell polarization as a whole. The serine/threonine kinase SLK/LOSK is a potential regulator of cell motility, as it phosphorylates a series of cytoskeleton‐bound proteins that collectively participate in the remodeling of migratory cell architecture. In this work, we report that SLK/LOSK is an indispensable regulator of cell locomotion that primarily acts through the small GTPase RhoA and the dynactin subunit p150Glued. Both RhoA and dynactin affect cytoskeleton organization, polarization, and general cell locomotory activity to various extents. However, it seems that these events are independent of each other. Thus, SLK/LOSK kinase effectively functions as a switch that links all of the processes underlying cell motility to provide robust directional movement. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.