Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The choice agenda and the geography of housing for people with intellectual disabilities

The notion of choice is emerging as fundamental to new approaches to the provision of housing for people with intellectual disabilities. Choice is raised as a central theme in debates about state-funding distribution practices, allocation priorities, location, design and model of new housing developments and the overall aims of disability policy. For its advocates, this ‘choice agenda’ counters paternalistic traditions within the welfare state by offering individuals with disability more choice of where, how and with whom they live, respected as self-determining individuals in society. For its critics, the choice agenda is a neoliberal policy strategy to decrease government funding and responsibility for the provision of welfare services. In between, choice could be dismissed as empty rhetoric. My thesis examines these interpretations, aiming to offer a more coherent and critical understanding of choice as a basis for theory, policy and practice in housing for people with intellectual disabilities. Three main themes are considered, giving rise to a more critical conceptualization of choice. First, debates about civil-rights and redistribution are revisited and considered as sources from which competing discourses of choice emerge. Second, the individuality implied by choice is considered in light of the ‘community-care’ ethos. Third, an institutional perspective is applied to examine the role of ‘choice’ as a logic of practice within state administration. I examine these themes with a case study housing for people with intellectual disabilities in the State of Victoria. Interviews were conducted with over fifty people, both users and providers of services in various positions and locations. Analysis explores the implications of the choice agenda on practices and decisions concerning the location and design of new housing developments, and on allocation of placements. The choice agenda has affected these practices in a way that reshapes the geography of housing for people with intellectual disabilities in Victoria.
Temporal Development of Ozone Generation in Electron-Induced Corona-Discharge Plasma

Ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) generation and its temporal development to steady state are investigated in a precise model using all high-rate reactions for various conditions of gas pressure (<i>P</i>), electron density (<i>ne</i>), and temperature (<i>T</i>) of an evolving electron-induced O<sub>2</sub> corona plasma. Densities of O and (O<sub>3</sub>) radicals are determined from their gross formation and destruction. Net ( O<sub>3</sub>) density so attained in steady state at <i>T</i> = 300 K is over 10<sup>25</sup> m<sup>-3</sup> for <i>P</i> ~ <i>bar</i> and <i>ne</i> ~ 10<sup>15</sup> m<sup>-3</sup>. However, net O density for the same is lower ~10<sup>20</sup> m<sup>-3</sup> even though O density exceeded (O<sub>3</sub>) density in early times of formation. It is shown that (O<sub>3</sub>) density reduced with temperature heated by discharge in corona, while O density reduced with <i>T</i> up to 500 K and thereafter increased to ~10<sup>21</sup> m<sup>-3</sup> with still higher <i>T</i>. Both O and (O<sub>3</sub>) densities varied proportional to the electron density enhanced by avalanche in corona. (O<sub>3</sub>) varied proportional to pressure, and O exhibited swing to inverse proportionality with larger <i>P</i>.
Estimation of the daily exposure of Koreans to aflatoxin B1 through food consumption

A survey for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was conducted on 88 food-grade rice samples randomly collected during July and August 2002 in Seoul, Korea. The presence of AFB1 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the positive samples from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were confirmed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Besides this, from the surveying data from the literature published since 1997, the intake of AFB1 from food in Korea was calculated and compared with the provisional maximum tolerable daily intakes. Naturally occurring AFB1 was found in 5/88 (6%) samples of rice with an average of 4.8 ng g−1. A calculated probable daily intake of AFB1 for Koreans fell into the range 1.19–5.79 ng kg−1 bw day−1, hence exceeding the estimated provisional maximum tolerable daily intakes. In conclusion, the exposure of Koreans to AFB1 could bring about health concerns. This is the first report discovering that rice is the major contributor to the dietary intake of AFB1 in Korea.
Angiogenesis in asthma

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by infiltration and activation of inflammatory cells and by structural changes, including subepithelial fibrosis, smooth muscle cells hypertrophy/hyperplasia, epithelial cell metaplasia and angiogenesis. These structural changes are thought to correlate with asthma severity and to account for the development of progressive lung function deterioration. The mechanism underlying airway angiogenesis in asthma and its precise clinical relevance have not yet been completely elucidated. This review provides recent data showing the contribution of allergic inflammation in increased airway vascularity and potential therapeutical approaches in asthma treatment by acting on bronchial microvascular changes.
The Impact of Dividend Covenants on Investment and Operating Performance

This paper examines the influence of dividend covenants in corporate bonds on investment and operating performance. Prior literature analytically demonstrates that by limiting dividend distribution to shareholders, dividend restrictions effectively place a minimum on investment expenditures. This suggests a positive relation between dividend covenants and investment. The literature also conjectures that the influence of dividend covenants on investment (1) mitigates the under-investment problem associated with debt financing; or (2) exacerbates over-investment. We empirically document that the presence of dividend covenants is associated with a higher level of investment and poorer future performance. Further analyses confirm that the higher level of investment is consistent with dividend covenants exacerbating over-investment, not mitigating under-investment. Our results shed light on the cost aspect of dividend covenants proposed in prior literature.
Migration distances: An international comparison

Comparing the level or amount of migration within different countries has been a longstanding problem because the local administrative areas commonly used as the basis for measuring migration vary greatly in size and significance within and between countries. Distance moved is a critical aspect of most concepts of migration, and measuring it would facilitate cross-national comparisons. Apparently only the United States, Great Britain, and Sweden have measured migration distances for the country as a whole, and this information is used as the basis for comparative analysis of spatial mobility.
The effect of hypoxia on the critical flicker fusion threshold in pilots.

OBJECTIVES Human reactions to environmental changes have been the subject of numerous investigations related to pathophysiology, aviation psychology, aviation, and sports. The present study aimed at evaluating the perception of light stimulus via the Critical Flicker Fusion threshold (CFF) measurements among aviation pilots. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was carried out under hypoxic conditions corresponding to 5000 m altitude, for a period of 30 min, without the use of supplemental oxygen. Fourteen volunteer pilots, 23-30 years of age, were examined in the hypobaric chamber (HC). The measurements were performed at normobaria and at the initial and final phase of hypoxia. Heart rate (HR) and blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) were monitored. RESULTS The high altitude hypoxia was found to produce a decrease in the CFF threshold F(3.39) = 3.207, p < 0.05, and SaO2 F(3.39) = 52.651, p < 0.001, as well as HR increase F(3.39) = 7.356, p < 0.001. The results indicate that the higher the decrease in SaO2 under hypoxic conditions, the higher the decrease in CFF r = . 567 p < 0.05. Likewise, the higher the increase in HR, the higher the decrease in CFF r = -0.491 p < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS Under hypoxic conditions, the perceptual ability of the pilots is gradually decreasing. This has been confirmed by the findings of the physiological examinations. The authors express an opinion that it would be advisable to introduce CFF measurement into the hypobaric chamber tests as it allows individual assessment of the pilot's perceptual ability under conditions of incomplete physiological compensation of the high altitude hypoxia.
Factors Contributing to Students’ Academic Success Based on the Students’ Opinion at BME Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences

This study presents the opinion of students of the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences at the BME concerning the factors, which contribute to students’ academic success. Academic success was defined by the successful completion of university studies. 478 students were consulted by online questionnaire. The factors were grouped into eight scales: practice-oriented education, student’s social relationship on campus, student’s study habits, supports for student’s learning in classroom, student’s attitude towards responsibilities in university, support by family and friends, conscious career choice and assistance provided by remedial courses. The opinions of the male and the female students varied across seven scales, with only the role of student’s social relationships on campus being judged similarly by both genders. Students studying for bachelor’s degrees judged the role of the student’s social relationships on campus to be more important. Students on different degree programmes held differing opinions in two scales.
Attitudes and psychosocial adjustment of unaffected siblings of patients with phenylketonuria

Sibling illness may contribute to an increased risk of adjustment problems in healthy siblings. Previous studies have reported a variety of effects on healthy individuals who have an ill sibling, but the psychosocial effects of treatable inherited disease on healthy siblings have not yet been investigated. We report the results of a survey study conducted in families with both unaffected and affected children with classic phenylketonuria (PKU), an inherited inborn error of metabolism. The survey included a knowledge test about PKU, and four previously validated instruments designed to assess psychosocial adjustment of unaffected siblings compared to age and sex matched norms. The responses revealed that unaffected adolescent and adult siblings had gaps in their knowledge about the genetic basis of PKU, and had evidence for the presence of adverse psychosocial sequelae. These findings suggest a role for genetic services providers, including genetic counselors, in assisting all members of a family adjust, when the diagnosis of an inborn error of metabolism has been made. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Contemporary South African foreign policy: Public knowledge, beliefs and preferences

In this policy brief we analyse data from a 2013 survey of 2 739 South Africans on their interest in and knowledge of foreign affairs, views on the country’s foreign policy goals, as well as foreign policy preferences. We find that public awareness of events outside South Africa is relatively circumscribed, suggesting the continued need for education strategies to improve public knowledge of foreign affairs. In the absence of knowledge, we find that ideological positions drive foreign policy preferences and that the public is polarised on many important foreign policy questions. We suggest that more research is needed to investigate differential public support for the policy direction government seeks to adopt, and that future work should focus on monitoring public perceptions of foreign policy, as well as perceptions of the benefits of foreign policy activities.
TESTING CHEVERUD'S CONJECTURE FOR BEHAVIORAL CORRELATIONS AND BEHAVIORAL SYNDROMES

Recent research regarding correlations among behaviors—under the labels of behavioral syndromes and animal personalities—has typically assumed that phenotypic correlations between behaviors are representative of underlying genetic correlations. However, for behaviors, the concordance between phenotypic and genetic correlations has not been rigorously examined. I tested this assumption using published estimates and found phenotypic and genetic correlations to be strongly related but found that the average absolute difference between the two was quite high and similar to that observed in other traits. Using absolute differences as the sole criterion, phenotypic correlations do not reliably estimate the magnitude of genetic correlations for behaviors, which is problematic for behavioral syndrome researchers. However, phenotypic correlations explained 75% of the variation in genetic correlations and their sign was typically the same as that of genetic correlations. This suggests that phenotypic correlations between behaviors reliably estimate the direction of underling genetic relationships and provide considerable information regarding the magnitude of genetic correlations. Thus, if researchers are careful about the questions they ask, phenotypic correlations between behaviors can be informative regarding underlying genetic correlations and their evolutionary implications.
Relative Importance of Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes trianguliceps as Vectors for Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia microti in Field Vole (Microtus agrestis) Populations

ABSTRACT The importance of Ixodes ricinus in the transmission of tick-borne pathogens is well recognized in the United Kingdom and across Europe. However, the role of coexisting Ixodes species, such as the widely distributed species Ixodes trianguliceps, as alternative vectors for these pathogens has received little attention. This study aimed to assess the relative importance of I. ricinus and I. trianguliceps in the transmission of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia microti among United Kingdom field voles (Microtus agrestis), which serve as reservoir hosts for both pathogens. While all instars of I. trianguliceps feed exclusively on small mammals, I. ricinus adults feed primarily on larger hosts such as deer. The abundance of both tick species and pathogen infection prevalence in field voles were monitored at sites surrounded with fencing that excluded deer and at sites where deer were free to roam. As expected, fencing significantly reduced the larval burden of I. ricinus on field voles and the abundance of questing nymphs, but the larval burden of I. trianguliceps was not significantly affected. The prevalence of A. phagocytophilum and B. microti infections was not significantly affected by the presence of fencing, suggesting that I. trianguliceps is their principal vector. The prevalence of nymphal and adult ticks on field voles was also unaffected, indicating that relatively few non-larval I. ricinus ticks feed upon field voles. This study provides compelling evidence for the importance of I. trianguliceps in maintaining these enzootic tick-borne infections, while highlighting the potential for such infections to escape into alternative hosts via I. ricinus.
Comparison of Multi-Lineage Cells from Human Adipose Tissue and Bone Marrow

Our laboratory has recently characterized a population of cells from adipose tissue, termed processed lipoaspirate (PLA) cells, which have multi-lineage potential similar to bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This study is the first comparison of PLA cells and MSCs isolated from the same patient. No significant differences were observed for yield of adherent stromal cells, growth kinetics, cell senescence, multi-lineage differentiation capacity, and gene transduction efficiency. Adipose tissue is an abundant and easily procured source of PLA cells, which have a potential like MSCs for use in tissue-engineering applications and as gene delivery vehicles.
Carotid intraplaque hemorrhage imaging at 3.0-T MR imaging: comparison of the diagnostic performance of three T1-weighted sequences.

PURPOSE To compare the diagnostic performances of three T1-weighted 3.0-T magnetic resonance (MR) sequences at carotid intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) imaging, with histo logic analysis as the reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained for this HIPAA-compliant study. Twenty patients scheduled for carotid endarterectomy underwent 3.0-T carotid MR imaging, including two-dimensional fast spin-echo, three-dimensional time-of-flight (TOF), and three-dimensional magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo (RAGE) sequences. Two reviewers blinded to the histologic findings assessed the presence, area, and signal intensity of IPH with each sequence. Detection statistics (sensitivity, specificity, and Cohen kappa values) and agreement between area measurements (Pearson correlation coefficient [r] values) were calculated for each sequence. RESULTS When all 231 available MR sections were included for analysis, the magnetization-prepared RAGE (kappa = 0.53) and fast spin-echo (kappa = 0.42) sequences yielded moderate agreement between MR and histologic measurements, while the TOF sequence yielded fair agreement (k = 0.33). However, when 47 sections with either small IPHs or heavily calcified IPHs were excluded, sensitivity, specificity, and kappa values, respectively, were 80%, 97%, and 0.80 for magnetization-prepared RAGE imaging; 70%, 92%, and 0.63 for fast spin-echo imaging; and 56%, 96%, and 0.57 for TOF imaging. MR imaging-histologic analysis correlation for IPH area was highest with magnetization-prepared RAGE imaging (r = 0.813), followed by TOF (r = 0.745) and fast spin-echo (r = 0.497) imaging. The capability of these three sequences for IPH detection appeared to be in good agreement with the quantitative contrast of IPH versus background plaque tissue. CONCLUSION The magnetization-prepared RAGE sequence, as compared with the fast spin-echo and TOF sequences, demonstrated higher diagnostic capability for the detection and quantification of IPH. Potential limitations of 3.0-T IPH MR imaging are related to hemorrhage size and coexisting calcification.
ANCA-Associated Vasculitides and Hematologic Malignancies: Lessons from the Past and Future Perspectives

The purpose of this paper is to collect and summarize all evidences relating to an association between ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAVs) and hematologic malignancies, in the form of either a paraneoplastic vasculitis or leukemias and lymphomas developing on a preexisting vasculitis. Additionally, the role of cyclophosphamide in vasculitis treatment has been assessed and compared to rituximab. Paraneoplastic AAV seems to be an uncommon presentation of hemopathies. Hematologic malignancy risk in AAV is more likely to be increased by cyclophosphamide, although not yet definitely proven. Furthermore, the pathogenesis of ANCA-associated vasculitis has been reviewed with particular emphasis on the role of proteinase 3 (PR3) in fuelling granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) inflammation. PR3 is a bactericidal protein expressed by neutrophilic granules and on their plasma membrane. Derangements in its expression and function have been linked to leukemias and GPA alike. PR3-derived PR1 peptide is being studied as an immunotherapy target in leukemia and multiple myeloma. This study is aimed at bringing together various evidences from the field of immunological and hematological research, at exposing contradictions, and at revealing novel insights on the association between ANCA-associated vasculitis and hematologic malignancies.
F1 Domain of the Leishmania (Leishmania) donovani Nucleoside Hydrolase Promotes a Th1 Response in Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum Cured Patients and in Asymptomatic Individuals Living in an Endemic Area of Leishmaniasis

The Leishmania (Leishmania) donovani nucleoside hydrolase NH36 is the main antigen of the Leishmune® vaccine and one of the promising candidates for vaccination against visceral leishmaniasis. The antigenicity of the N-terminal (F1), the central (F2), or the C-terminal recombinant domain (F3) of NH36 was evaluated using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from individuals infected with L. (L.) infantum from an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis of Spain. Both NH36 and F1 domains significantly increased the PBMC proliferation stimulation index of cured patients and infected asymptomatic individuals compared to healthy controls. Moreover, F1 induced a 19% higher proliferative response than NH36 in asymptomatic exposed subjects. In addition, in patients cured from visceral leishmaniasis, proliferation in response to NH36 and F1 was accompanied by a significant increase of IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion, which was 42–43% higher, in response to F1 than to NH36. The interleukin 17 (IL-17) secretion was stronger in asymptomatic subjects, in response to F1, as well as in cured cutaneous leishmaniasis after NH36 stimulation. While no IL-10 secretion was determined by F1, a granzyme B increase was detected in supernatants from cured patients after stimulation with either NH36 or F1. These data demonstrate that F1 is the domain of NH36 that induces a recall cellular response in individuals with acquired resistance to the infection by L. (L.) infantum. In addition, F1 and NH36 discriminated the IgG3 humoral response in patients with active visceral leishmaniasis due to L. (L.) donovani (Ethiopia) and L. (L.) infantum (Spain) from that of endemic and non-endemic area controls. NH36 showed higher reactivity with sera from L. (L.) donovani-infected individuals, indicating species specificity. We conclude that the F1 domain, previously characterized as an inducer of the Th1 and Th17 responses in cured/exposed patients infected with L. (L.) infantum chagasi, may also be involved in the generation of a protective response against L. (L.) infantum and represents a potential vaccine candidate for the control of human leishmaniasis alone, or in combination with other HLA epitopes/antigens.
Creating a transition program for first-generation college students

Title: Creating a Workshop on Transition to College for First Generation College Students Student: Kaitlin Logan Degree: Master of Arts in Student Affairs Administration in Higher Education College: Teachers College Date: July 2013 Pages: 58 The purpose of this study was to assist in the transition from high school to college for first-generation college students by creating a five-week program to educate these students on expectations of their collegiate experience. Additionally this project included workshops on services and opportunities available such as financial aid and campus life. The goal of this project was to decrease institutional departure of first-generation college students by increasing their knowledge of collegiate life. First-generation college students are an increasingly large population of students on college and university campuses. Because of that, faculty and staff need to meet the needs of these students by aiding in their transition to college. Through this workshop series, and the additional faculty mentorship program, students will be more prepared to navigate their collegiate experience, as well as have an increased understanding of the services and departments that are available to assist them.