Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Day-Ahead Resource Scheduling Including Demand Response for Electric Vehicles

The energy resource scheduling is becoming increasingly important, as the use of distributed resources is intensified and massive gridable vehicle (V2G) use is envisaged. This paper presents a methodology for day-ahead energy resource scheduling for smart grids considering the intensive use of distributed generation and V2G. The main focus is the comparison of different EV management approaches in the day-ahead energy resources management, namely uncontrolled charging, smart charging, V2G and Demand Response (DR) programs in the V2G approach. Three different DR programs are designed and tested (trip reduce, shifting reduce and reduce+shifting). Other important contribution of the paper is the comparison between deterministic and computational intelligence techniques to reduce the execution time. The proposed scheduling is solved with a modified particle swarm optimization. Mixed integer non-linear programming is also used for comparison purposes. Full ac power flow calculation is included to allow taking into account the network constraints. A case study with a 33-bus distribution network and 2000 V2G resources is used to illustrate the performance of the proposed method.
Increased bone marrow adiposity in murine femoro-tibial epiphyses exposed to 30 days of microgravity

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) differentiation in long bones is sensitive to mechanical loading. Increased loading promotes osteogenesis and reduces adipogenesis while reduced loading tips MSC differentiation away from the bone formation in favor of adipogenesis. To examine the effects of the unloading on epiphyseal bone and adipocyte content, subchondral femoro-tibial bones isolated from mice flown for 30 days in microgravity were assessed for evidence of altered bone area and adipocyte number. Consistent with the known response of bone to microgravity, 30 days of spaceflight resulted in approximately 25% less subchondral bone area. Concurrently, 10-fold more adipocytes were present in the bone marrow cavities of femur and tibia in flight compared to ground control samples. These data support the hypothesis that biomechanical unloading promotes adipogenic differentiation and confirms earlier studies in rat vertebrae of increased adipogenesis during 14 days of microgravity. The potential long-term effects of increased bone marrow adipocyte formation on flight personnel health is unknown and warrants further investigation.
Extracted Saponin from Sapindus rarak and Hibiscus sp. as an Additive in Cassava Leaf Silage: Effects on Chemical Composition, Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Population

| This study aimed to evaluate the addition of saponin extracts from lerak fruit (Sapindus rarak) or hibiscus leaf (Hibiscus sp.) on chemical composition, in vitro rumen fermentation and microbial population of cassava leaf silage. Lerak and hibiscus extracts were added to cassava leaf by following a factorial design 2 × 3, in which the first factor was saponin source (Sapindus rarak or Hibiscus sp.) and the second factor was addition level (0, 2 or 4% of cassava leaf dry matter). Cassava leaf was then ensiled in a lab-scale silo (1 L capacity) for 30 d under room temperature. The silage was subjected to further chemical composition determination and in vitro rumen fermentation analysis, including rumen microbial population by using real-time PCR. Results showed thatthe chemical composition of cassava leaf silage added with various levels of lerak and hibiscus extracts showed significant differences (P<0.05) for a number of variables such as crude protein, ether extract and saponin. The addition of 4% lerak extract on cassava leaf increased significantly gas production after 24 and 48 h, and organic matter digestibility than that of control. The addition of lerak extract at 2% or 4% hibiscus extract in cassava silage significantly decreased (P<0.05) ruminal ammonia concentration. However, the addition of lerak or hibiscus extract to cassava leaf silage did not alter rumen microbial population. It is concluded that the addition of lerak extract at a level 4% to cassava leaf silage increases gas production, organic matter digestibility, and decrease ruminal ammonia concentration.
Games, puzzles and computation

There is a fundamental connection between the notions of game and of computation. At its most basic level, this is implied by any game complexity result, but the connection is deeper than this. One example is the concept of alternating nondeterminism, which is intimately connected with two-player games. In the first half of this thesis. I develop the idea of game as computation to a greater degree than has been done previously. I present a general family of games, called Constraint Logic, which is both mathematically simple and ideally suited for reductions to many actual board games. A deterministic version of Constraint Logic corresponds to a novel kind of logic circuit which is monotone and reversible. At the other end of the spectrum, I show that a multiplayer version of Constraint Logic is undecidable. That there are undecidable games using finite physical resources is philosophically important, and raises issues related to the Church-Turing thesis. In the second half of this thesis, I apply the Constraint Logic formalism to many actual games and puzzles, providing new hardness proofs. These applications include sliding-block puzzles, sliding-coin puzzles, plank puzzles, hinged polygon dissections, Amazons, Konane, Cross Purposes, TipOver, and others. Some of these have been well-known open problems for some time. For other games, including Minesweeper, the Warehouseman's Problem, Sokoban, and Rush Hour, I either strengthen existing results, or provide new, simpler hardness proofs than the original proofs. (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253-1690.)
Effects of detraining on neuromuscular performance in a selected group of elite women pole-vaulters: a case study.

The aim of this paper was to determine the effects of 28 days of inactivity on neuromuscular performance of elite women pole-vaulters. Four athletes undertook measurements of rate of force development (RFD), unloaded and loaded vertical jump tests, drop jumps and a 45 m sprint test before and after a transition period of planned inactivity. The RFD, the ability to accelerate over very short distances (5 m) and sprinting capacity improved after training cessation. Acceleration over longer distances (5-45 m) was impaired, while unloaded and loaded vertical jump tests suffered trivial to small changes. Therefore, we conclude that detraining periods of approximately one month or even longer may be implemented in elite pole-vaulters without significantly impairing performance. In addition, given that some neuromechanical capacities are enhanced after training reduction, our results can help coaches to implement tapering strategies in order to induce neuromuscular improvements and/or to achieve peak performance.
Demystifying Phraseology: Implications for Translating Quranic Phraseological Units

This paper examines phraseology as a lexical feature from a Quranic perspective. It explores the importance of demystifying the phraseological theoretical base in order to facilitate the task of translators and second language learners and deal more efficiently with the challenging language aspects of phraseology. Despite prolific publications and the growing interest that research on phraseology generates, too many grey areas still prevail, and many questions remain unanswered. There is a degree of inconsistency and stalemate in the phraseology debate, often yielding fragmented literature and inconclusive evidence. Research on phraseology remains stuck at the level of description and prescription. Similarly, research on translation studies seldom moves beyond comparative analysis of language pairs, examining cross linguistic and cultural differences. The literature does not have a strong theoretical base and is largely anecdotal, lacking empirical data from which to draw clear-cut conclusions on the key issues of translating phraseology. This paper focuses on five selected English translations of the Quran to assess the degree of faithfulness and accuracy in rendering the Quranic phraseology into English. Findings suggested that the five selected translators of the Quran fell short of checking exegesis of the Quranic text. The findings revealed that translations of the Quranic phraseological units gave an echo at best. Results showed the literal translation method was frequently used for translating phraseology; however, this often led to inaccurate and stilted English. The findings suggest that the translation of the Quran in English is still a work in progress, and it needs to be periodically evaluated and updated to address the flaws identified by researchers from different perspectives. Findings are polarised between those who advocate as close a rendering of the Quranic text as possible and those who believe in a ‘natural style’ in the target text. This study is pertinent because it has several practical implications. Firstly, it will benefit translators of the Quran by providing fresh insights on how to deal with some of the challenges of translating Quranic phraseology. Secondly, it will provide a platform for further research on translating Quranic phraseological units and addressing the current shortcomings. This study has also expanded the extant literature on translating Quranic collocations to benefit future researchers.
Optimal Timing of Surgical Decompression for Acute Traumatic Central Cord Syndrome: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

BACKGROUND Traumatic central cord syndrome (TCCS) is an incomplete spinal cord injury defined by greater weakness in upper versus lower extremities, variable sensory loss, and variable bladder, bowel, and sexual dysfunction. The optimal timing of surgery for TCCS remains controversial. OBJECTIVE To determine whether timing of surgery for TCCS predicts neurological outcomes, length of stay, and complications. METHODS Five databases were searched through March 2015. Articles were appraised independently by 2 reviewers, and the evidence synthesized according to Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation principles. RESULTS Nine studies (3 prognostic, 5 therapeutic, 1 both) satisfied inclusion criteria. Low level evidence suggests that patients operated on <24 hours after injury exhibit significantly greater improvements in postoperative American Spinal Injury Association motor scores and the functional independence measure at 1 year than those operated on >24 hours after injury. Moderate evidence suggests that patients operated on <2 weeks after injury have a higher postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association score and recovery rate than those operated on >2 weeks after injury. There is insufficient evidence that lengths of hospital or intensive care unit stay differ between patients who undergo early versus delayed surgery. Furthermore, there is insufficient evidence that timing between injury and surgery predicts mortality rates or serious or minor adverse events. CONCLUSION Surgery for TCCS <24 hours after injury appears safe and effective. Although there is insufficient evidence to provide a clear recommendation for early surgery (<24 hours), it is preferable to operate during the first hospital admission and <2 weeks after injury.
Field Test and Simulation of Transients on the RTE 225 kV Cable

In June 2014, the French transmission system operator (Réseau de Transport d'Électricité—RTE) performed a field test on a 64 km 225 kV XLPE underground cable. This paper presents the validation of the cable model from field test measurements. In the first part, the cable impedance and admittance calculations are compared to the per-unit-length parameters evaluated from field test results. In the second part, the field tests are simulated in an Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) to validate the cable model.
Hydrogen sulfide stimulates β-amylase activity during early stages of wheat grain germination

We recently reported that H2S could significantly promote the germination of wheat grains subjected to aluminum (Al3+) stress.1 In these experiments seeds were pretreated with the H2S donor NaHS for 12 h prior to Al3+ stress. During this pre-incubation period we observed that H2S increased the activity of grain amylase in the absence of Al3+. Using embryoless half grains of wheat we now show that H2S preferentially affects the activity of endosperm β-amylase and that α-amylase synthesis and activity is unaffected by this treatment.
The Significance of Cardiac Sympathetic Nervous System Abnormality in the Long-Term Prognosis of Patients with a History of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia

Severe left ventricular dysfunction or cardiac sympathetic nervous system (SNS) abnormality predicts cardiac death in various heart diseases, including arrhythmogenic disorders. However, it is not clear whether SNS abnormality predicts sudden cardiac death during long-term follow-up in patients with a history of ventricular tachyarrhythmia. We hypothesized that SNS abnormality would be associated with recurrent ventricular arrhythmic events. Methods: 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy was performed on 86 patients (mean age ± SD, 46 ± 19 y, 65.1% men) with a history of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. 123I-MIBG (111 MBq) was intravenously administered under resting conditions, and planar images were obtained 15 min and 4 h later (anterior view for 6 min; 512 × 512 matrices; zoom ratio, 1.0). SNS activity was assessed using the heart-to-mediastinum ratio on delayed imaging. Results: During about 11 y of follow-up (mean ± SD, 5.2 ± 3.7 y), 3 patients (3.5%) had sudden cardiac death and 21 patients (24.4%) had sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmic events. SNS abnormality, defined as a heart-to-mediastinum ratio of less than 2.8, and left ventricular dysfunction, defined as a left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 50%, were associated with sudden cardiac death or recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmic events (18/40 patients [45%] with SNS abnormality, vs. 6/46 patients [13%] without, P = 0.004; 9/15 patients [60%] with left ventricular dysfunction, vs. 15/71 patients [21.1%] without, P = 0.008). After adjustment for potential confounding variables such as age, sex, coronary risk factors, medication use, history of structural heart disease, and left ventricular function, SNS abnormality was a powerful predictor of recurrent arrhythmic events, with a hazard ratio of 3.6 [95% confidence interval, 1.4–9.2, P = 0.007]). Further, SNS abnormality had incremental and additive prognostic power in combination with left ventricular dysfunction, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 4.4 [95% confidence interval, 1.9–9.9, P < 0.0001]). Conclusion: SNS abnormality predicted recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmic events during long-term follow-up. 123I-MIBG scintigraphic evaluations for SNS abnormality may be an option for screening patients at high risk for sudden cardiac death.
The Global Expansion of UBER in ASIAN Markets

This paper analyzes the global expansion of UBER in Asia. The perspective is based on the context of internationalization process of ICT companies, especially the ride-hailing developer firms. The expansion of Uber was aggressive using a standard business model in every market that they get into. They focused on scale economy rather than localization of their services. The case analysis suggests that UBER is unsuccessful in its global expansion due to a number of factors especially the host economy context and local competition. Eventually, the company retreated in Asia and refocused its efforts in their home market. The case shows that the global expansion of ride-hailing firms is not as easy as the born global perspective would predict, as there are still a lot of frictions in the global market.
Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Plastik Biodegradable dari Umbi Talas (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) dengan Penambahan Filler Kitosan dan Kalsium Silikat

Permasalahan tentang sampah plastik di Indonesia berdampak pada ketidakstabilan ekosistem lingkungan dan peningkatan pencemaran lingkungan. Hal ini dikarenakan sampah plastik tidak dapat terurai oleh mikroorganisme di dalam tanah. Inovasi untuk mengatasi masalah ini terus dilakukan, salah satunya adalah pengembangan plastik biodegradable. Plastik biodegradable dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan dengan pati umbi talas sebagai bahan utama, sorbitol sebagai plasticizer serta kitosan dan kalsium silikat sebagai filler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan filler kitosan dan kalsium silikat terhadap sifat mekanik, kemampuan biodegradasi, maupun water absorption. Selain itu, juga dilakukan analisa Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) untuk mengetahui morfologi dari plastik biodegradable. Variabel berubah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 2%,4%,6% dan 8% dari berat pati yang digunakan. Plastik biodegradable dibuat menggunakan metode casting, di mana pati didispersikan ke dalam campuran air dan plasticizer. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan degradasi paling tinggi sebesar 42,86% untuk plastik biodegradable dengan filler kalsium silikat 6%. Sedang hasil uji water absorption menunjukkan nilai terendah 11,76% dengan filler kitosan 8%. Uji kuat tarik diperoleh nilai paling besar 9,56 MPa pada filler kalsium silikat 6%. Plastic waste in Indonesia became a national problematic that has an impact on the instability of environmental ecosystems and increased environmental pollution. This happens because plastic waste cannot be decomposed by microorganisms in the soil. Innovation has been carried out continuously to overcome this problem. the development of biodegradable plastic became one solution to this problem. Biodegradable plastic in this study was developed with taro tuber starch as the main ingredient, sorbitol as plasticizer and chitosan and calcium silicate as filler. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of chitosan and calcium acetate as fillers on mechanical properties, biodegradability, and water absorption. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was also analyzed in this study to determine the morphology of biodegradable plastic. The variables used in this study were the amount of fillers as much as 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% of the weight of the starch used. Biodegradable plastic has been made using the casting method, in which starch is dispersed into a mixture of water and plasticizer. The results showed that the highest biodegradation ability was 42.86% for biodegradable plastic with 6% calcium silicate filler. While the water absorption results showed the lowest value of 11.76% for biodegradable plastic with 8% chitosan filler. Tensile strength test obtained the highest value of 9.56 MPa for biodegradable plastic with 6% calcium silicate filler.
Impact of Famine Exposure in Utero on Labor Market Behavior and Health Later in Life

In this paper, we study the long-term causal effects of the DutchFamine on labor market and healthbehavior later in life (55-70). To acknowledge the dynamic nature oflabor market changes we focus onthe impact of the famine on the timing of becoming disabled or retired.To acknowledge the dynamicnature of health behavior, medication use and health expenditures, we focus on the impact of thefamine on the changes over time of medication use and health expenditures, both categorized. In allanalyses we use a non-linear Difference-in-difference approach to identify the the causal impact offamine exposure in utero on later life outcomes.We account for selective fertility, by restricting our analysis to those conceived before the famine,and for selective survival using either an inverse propensity weighting method or a Copula approach.For the empirical analysis we used data of military recruits born around the Dutch famine (1944-1947) linked to the Dutch mortality register (deaths trough 2014)and linked to individual adminis-trative data on the monthly labor market status (1999-2013), onthe annual income (2003-2013), onannual prescribed medications (2006-2013), and, on annual insured health costs (2009-2013). We find that famine exposure in the first trimester of gestation accelerates the timing of disabil-ity, decreases labor income and increases the expenditures for mental health. Exposure in the secondtrimester decreases expenditure for medications. Exposure in the third trimester increases medicationuse for mental diseases.
The impact of chronic depression on acute and long-term outcomes in a randomized trial comparing selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor monotherapy versus each of 2 different antidepressant medication combinations.

OBJECTIVE To compare sociodemographic and clinical features, acute and continuation treatment outcomes, and adverse events/side effect burden between outpatients with chronic (current episode > 2 years) versus nonchronic major depressive disorder (MDD) who were treated with combination antidepressant therapy or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) monotherapy. METHOD 663 outpatients with chronic (n = 368) or nonchronic (n = 295) moderate to severe DSM-IV-TR MDD (17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score ≥ 16) were enrolled from March 2008 through September 2009 in a single-blind 7-month prospective randomized trial conducted at 6 primary and 9 psychiatric care sites across the United States. Participants were treated with escitalopram monotherapy plus placebo or 1 of 2 combination treatments (bupropion sustained-release [SR] + escitalopram or venlafaxine extended-release [XR] + mirtazapine). Analyses compared baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, rates of remission (at least 1 of the last 2 consecutive scores on the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report [QIDS-SR16] < 6, with the other < 8), and adverse events/side effect burden (Frequency, Intensity, and Burden of Side Effects Ratings) obtained at 12 and 28 weeks. RESULTS Participants with chronic MDD were at greater socioeconomic disadvantage and had greater medical and psychiatric disease burden. The chronic and nonchronic groups did not differ in rates of remission at 12 weeks (35.9% vs 42.0%, respectively; odds ratio [OR] = 0.778, P = .1500; adjusted OR [AOR] = 0.956, P = .8130) or at 28 weeks (41.0% vs 49.8%, respectively; OR = 0.706, P = .0416; AOR = 0.837, P = .3448). Participants with chronic MDD had higher final QIDS-SR(16) scores and smaller overall percent changes in QIDS-SR(16) from baseline to exit, but these differences did not remain after adjusting for covariates. There were no significant differences in adverse events or side effect burden. No significant interactions were found between chronicity and type of treatment at 12 or 28 weeks. CONCLUSION Chronicity of illness does not appear to differentially impact acute or longer-term outcomes with SSRI monotherapy or combination antidepressant medication treatment in patients with moderate to severe nonpsychotic MDD. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00590863.
1.7 eV MgCdTe double-heterostructure solar cells for tandem device applications

Mg<inf>x</inf>Cd<inf>1−x</inf>Te/Si tandem cells have the potential to reach a conversion efficiency greater than 40%. Mg<inf>x</inf>Cd<inf>1−x</inf>Te/MgyCd<inf>1−y</inf>Te (y>x) double heterostructures (DHs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy exhibit ∼1.7 eV bandgaps and very high absorption coefficients, as measured using photoluminescence (PL) and spectroscopic ellipsometry. Indium-doped n-type Mg<inf>x</inf>Cd<inf>1−x</inf>Te (x ∼ 13% Mg mole fraction) with a ∼1.7 eV bandgap shows strong PL, comparable to that from high-quality CdTe/MgCdTe double heterostructures. Devices consisting of an n-type Mg<inf>x</inf>Cd<inf>1−x</inf>Te DH absorber, a p-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) hole contact layer and an indium tin oxide (ITO) top electrode are demonstrated with promising performance.