Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
When Stronger Knowledge Slows You Down: Semantic Relatedness Predicts Children's Co-Activation of Related Items in a Visual Search Paradigm

A large literature suggests that the organization of words in semantic memory, reflecting meaningful relations among words and the concepts to which they refer, supports many cognitive processes, including memory encoding and retrieval, word learning, and inferential reasoning. The co-activation of related items has been proposed as a mechanism by which semantic knowledge influences cognition, and contemporary accounts of semantic knowledge propose that this co-activation is graded-that it depends on how strongly related the items are in semantic memory. Prior research with adults yielded evidence supporting this prediction; however, there is currently no evidence of graded co-activation early in development. This study provides the first evidence that in children the co-activation of related items depends on their relational strength in semantic memory. Participants (N = 84, age range: 3-9 years) were asked to identify a target (e.g., bone) amid distractors. Children's responses were slowed down by the presence of a related distractor (e.g., puppy) relative to unrelated distractors (e.g., flower)-suggesting that children co-activated related items upon hearing the name of the target. Importantly, the degree of this co-activation was predicted by the strength of the target-distractor relation, such that distractors more strongly related to the targets slowed down children to a larger extent. These findings have important implications for understanding how organized semantic knowledge affects other cognitive processes across development.
Anatomical and physiological foundations of cerebello-hippocampal interaction

Multiple lines of evidence suggest that functionally intact cerebello-hippocampal interactions are required for appropriate spatial processing. However, how the cerebellum anatomically and physiologically engages with the hippocampus to sustain such interactions remains unknown. Using rabies virus as retrograde transneuronal tracer, we reveal that the dorsal hippocampus receives input from topographically restricted and disparate regions of the cerebellum. By simultaneously recording local field potential from both the dorsal hippocampus and anatomically connected cerebellar regions, we additionally demonstrate that the two structures interact, in a behaviorally dynamic manner, through subregion-specific synchronization of neuronal oscillations in the 6-12Hz frequency range. Together, these results reveal a novel neural network macro-architecture through which we can understand how a brain region classically associated with motor control, the cerebellum, may influence hippocampal neuronal activity and related functions, such as spatial navigation.
The high-pressure–high-temperature behavior of bassanite

Abstract The pressure evolution of bassanite (CaSO4·½H2O) was investigated by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction along three isotherms: at room temperature up to 33 GPa, at 109 °C up to 22 GPa, and at 200 °C up to 12 GPa. The room-temperature cell-volume data, from 0.001 to 33 GPa, were fitted to a third-order Birch- Murnaghan equation-of-state, and a bulk modulus K0 = 86(7) GPa with K′ = 2.5(3) was obtained. The axial compressibility values are βa = 3.7(2), βb = 3.6(1), and βc = 2.8(1) GPa-1 (×10-3) showing a slightly anisotropic behavior, with the least compressible direction along c axis. The strain tensor analysis shows that the main deformation occurs in the (010) plane in a direction 18° from the a axis. The bulk moduli for isotherms 109 and 200 °C, were obtained by fitting cell-volume data with a second-order Birch-Murnaghan equation-of-state, with K′ fixed at 4, and were found to be K109 = 79(4) GPa and K200 = 63(7) GPa, respectively. The axial compressibility values for isotherm 109 °C are βa = 2.4(1), βb = 3.0(1), βc = 2.5(1) (×10-3) GPa-1, and for isotherm 200 °C they are βa = 3.5(3), βb = 3.4(3), βc= 2.6(4) (×10-3) GPa-1. These two bulk moduli and the 20°C bulk modulus, K0,20 = 69(8) recalculated to a second-order Birch-Murnaghan EoS to be consistent, as well as the axial compressibilities, are similar for the three isotherms indicating that the thermal effect on the bulk moduli is not significant up to 200°C. The size variation of the pseudo-hexagonal channel with pressure and temperature indicates that the sulfate “host” lattice and the H2O “guest” molecule in bassanite do not undergo strong change up to 33 GPa and 200°C
Eliminating mcr-1-harbouring plasmids in clinical isolates using the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

OBJECTIVES To eliminate mcr-1-harbouring plasmids and MDR plasmids in clinical Escherichia coli isolates. METHODS Plasmid pMBLcas9 expressing Cas9 was constructed and used to clone target single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) for plasmid curing. The recombinant plasmid pMBLcas9-sgRNA was transferred by conjugation into two clinical E. coli isolates. The curing efficiency of different sgRNAs targeting conserved genes was tested. The elimination of targeted plasmids and the generation of transposase-mediated recombination of p14EC033a variants were characterized by PCR and DNA sequencing. RESULTS In this study, four native plasmids in isolate 14EC033 and two native plasmids in isolate 14EC007 were successfully eliminated in a step-by-step manner using pMBLcas9. Moreover, two native plasmids in 14EC007 were simultaneously eliminated by tandemly cloning multiple sgRNAs in pMBLcas9, sensitizing 14EC007 to polymyxin and carbenicillin. In 14EC033 with two mcr-1-harbouring plasmids, IncI2 plasmid p14EC033a and IncX4 plasmid p14EC033b, a single mcr-1 sgRNA mediated the loss of p14EC033b and generated a mutant p14EC033a in which the mcr-1 gene was deleted. An insertion element, IS5, located upstream of mcr-1 in p14EC033a was responsible for transposase-mediated recombination, resulting in mcr-1 gene deletion instead of plasmid curing. CONCLUSIONS CRISPR/Cas9 can be used to efficiently sensitize clinical isolates to antibiotics in vitro. For isolates with multiple plasmids, the CRISPR/Cas9 approach can either remove each plasmid in a stepwise manner or simultaneously remove multiple plasmids in one step. Moreover, this approach can be used to delete multiple gene copies by using only one sgRNA. However, caution must be exercised to avoid unwanted recombination events during genetic manipulation.
Association of BCR/ABL transcript variants with different blood parameters and demographic features in Iraqi chronic myeloid leukemia patients

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the presence of BCR‐ABL fusion gene (GenBank accession NC_000022.11). In the vast majority of CML patients, the typical subtype of BCR‐ABL transcript are b3a2, b2a2 or both. The aim of this study was to determine the different subtypes of BCR‐ABL transcript and their impact on the demographic and hematological parameters in Iraqi patients with CML.
Investment in Microfinance Equity: Risk, Return, and Diversification Benefits

This paper draws a global picture of worldwide microfinance equity. Taking full advantage of daily quoted prices of microfinance stocks from their issuance, we construct microfinance country equity indices and an international global microfinance index. We analyze changes in these indices, assessed in reference to comparable indices for the financial sector and also to national indices. Our findings show that microfinance has been closely correlated with the financial sector since 2003. In terms of risk exposure, estimates of the Capital Asset Pricing Model demonstrate that microfinance shares exhibit higher market beta than those of conventional financial institutions and have equivalent currency exposure.
Experimental Investigation of Twisted Bladed Savonius Wind Turbine Rotor

The present investigation is aimed at exploring the feasibility of Savonius wind turbine blades for power generation, which has hitherto been limited to water pumping and grain grinding work. In this project, an attempt has been made to develop a twisted blade for its use in Savonius wind turbine rotors. The objective is to reduce the negative torque and the self-starting characteristics of a single stacked rotor system while maintaining a high rotational speed so that such a rotor system can be used for electricity generation. Tests have been carried out of semicircular (curved) and twisted blades both in a three bladed rotor system. Aerodynamic performance of these blades have been evaluated in a low speed wind tunnel on the basis of starting torque, power output and rotational speed at various setting angles and gap widths. Experimental investigation shows the potential of the twisted bladed rotor in terms of smooth running, higher coefficient of performance and self-starting capability as compared to that of the semicircular bladed rotor.
Taylor expansions in powers of time of Lagrangian and Eulerian two-point two-time velocity correlations in turbulence

A method is developed for generating the Taylor expansions in powers of the time difference of the Lagrangian and Eulerian two-point two-time velocity correlations in turbulence. The expansions are based on the Taylor series of the Eulerian and Lagrangian velocity fields subject to given dynamics along with initial and boundary conditions. The lowest few coefficients in the expansions enable us to construct approximations to the correlations. An application of the method to turbulence obeying the Navier-Stokes dynamics yields approximations, particularly Pade approximations that agree well with direct numerical simulations of homogeneous isotropic turbulence at moderate Reynolds numbers. The ratios of the second-order to the zeroth-order coefficients of the Taylor series of the Lagrangian and Eulerian correlations give, respectively, the estimates for the Lagrangian and Eulerian micro time scales τL and τE. An analysis of a high resolution (5123 grid points) direct numerical simulation database at large R.
A Comparative Study of Vocabulary Learning Strategies Used by Marine Engineering Students and Iranian EFL Learners

The present study explored the vocabulary learning strategies used by Iranian EFL learners and Marine Engineering (ME) students by using the categorization of vocabulary learning strategies proposed by Schmitt (1997). A vocabulary learning strategies questionnaire was administered to 30 EFL learners and 43 ME students. Then, the strategies used by each group were determined and the two groups were compared with each other. It was found that both groups used determination strategies more frequently than social strategies for discovering a new word’s meaning. The most frequently used discovery strategy by both groups was found to be “bilingual dictionary”. The second and third most frequently used strategy for discovery by EFL learners and ME students was found to be “monolingual dictionary” and “guess from textual context”, respectively. It was also revealed that EFL learners used memory strategies more frequently than other strategies for consolidating the meaning of new words and ME students used cognitive strategies the most frequently. Both groups were found to use “verbal repetition” more frequently than all other consolidation strategies. The second most frequently used strategy by EFL learners was “use Englishlanguage media” whilst for ME students they were “written repetition” and “word lists”. The comparison of the strategy use by the participants in the two groups showed no significant difference.
Financial and health literacy discrepancies with cognition in older adults.

OBJECTIVE Greater financial and health literacy are associated with better cognition; however, research suggests that some individuals exhibit differences, or discrepancies, in these abilities in old age. We investigated discrepancies between literacy and cognition and factors associated with such discrepancies in older adults without dementia. METHOD Participants (N = 714; Mage = 81.4; education: M = 15.4; 75.4% female; 5.2% non-White) from the Rush Memory and Aging Project completed cognitive assessments and a financial and health literacy measure that yielded a total literacy score. Participants were characterized into three groups: (a) total literacy scores that are more than one standard deviation (1 SD) above cognition (L > C), (b) total literacy scores falling more than 1 SD below cognition (L < C), and (c) total literacy within 1 SD of cognition (L = C). Logistic regressions were employed to investigate associations between demographic and psychosocial variables and discrepancy group status. RESULTS Of the 714 participants, 24% showed significant discrepancies. In fully adjusted models, in reference to the L = C group, male sex was associated with greater odds of being in the L > C group (odds ratio [OR] = 2.32, 95% CI [1.33, 4.03], p = .003) and lower odds of being in the L < C group (OR = 0.31, 95% CI [0.14, 0.66], p = .002), higher income was associated with lower odds of being in either discrepancy group (L < C OR = 0.87, 95% CI [0.79, 0.96], p = .004; L > C OR = 0.86, 95% CI [0.76, 0.96], p = .007), and higher trust was associated with lower odds of being in the L > C group (OR = 0.92, 95% CI [0.85, 0.99], p = .030). CONCLUSIONS Findings support literacy and cognition as partially dissociable constructs and highlight important factors associated with discrepancies between literacy and cognition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Pecking-Order or Static Trade-off Theory in Family Firms? Evidence from Belgium

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether a difference can be stated in the family firms’ financial choices. Using the Shyam-Sunder and Myers model, our research focus on the financial behaviour of family and non-family privately held firms in Belgium. Out of a sample of 210 privately held firms for the period 2002-2010, panel data methodology is employed to estimate Pecking-Order and Static Trade-off models. Our results show that although neither Pecking Order nor Static Trade-off Theory seems to apply to non-family firms, family firms are more likely to adopt an indebtedness target ratio. Moreover, the introduction of an allowance for corporate equity on the Belgian market is also taken into account. Our results indicate that such a mechanism seems to have an influence on the family firms funding choices.
Organisational climate and its effect on job engagement: exploring the mediating effect of employees level of job satisfaction

i Acknowledgements ii List Of Tables v List Of Figures v Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Background and Motivation 1 Aims of the Research 4 Structure of the Dissertation 5 Chapter 2: Literature Review 6 Theoretical Framework 6 Conservation of Resource Theory 6 Nature of Organisational Climate 8 Defining organisational climate in its contemporary state 8 Arguing a facet vs. global perspective 8 Distinguishing organisational climate from organisational culture . 9 Organisational climate as antecedents of job engagement 11 Job Engagement 11 An integrative organisational climate and job engagement 12 A climate of family-focused supervisor support and job engagement.14 The mediating role of job satisfaction on the relationship between climate facets and job engagement 16 Summary 18 Chapter 3: Method 19 Research Design 19 Participants 19
Towards a phenotype of the amphibious company: an illustrative case from the chemical industry

© 2011 Institute of Business Administration 5 Journal of Business Chemistry 2011 8 (1) * Management and Innovation (MaIn) Research Lab, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy,mattia.bianchi@sssup.it ** Management and Innovation (MaIn) Research Lab, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy, alberto.diminin@sssup.it *** Department of Management, Economics and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy, federico.frattini@polimi.it
Role of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Glucocorticoid- Induced Hypertension: An Overview of Experimental Data

Imbalances in the synthesis or in the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), the freely dif‐ fusible vasodilator, in myocardial endothelial cells were demonstrated to be crucial in the development of hypertension. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used as immuno‐ modulators. One of the numerous side effects of GC therapy is hypertension arising from reduced release of the endothelium‐derived NO. GCs can modulate NO synthesis by targeting the genes involved in it, like nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and guanosine tri‐ phosphate (GTP) cyclohydrolase‐1 (GTPCH‐1). This chapter will give an overview on the impact of GCs on NO synthesis and signalling in animal models as well as in in vitro cell culture models. Moreover, strategies for preventing or neutralizing side effects of long‐term GC therapy will be discussed.
Stochastic Acceleration of ∼0.1–5 keV Pickup Ions in the Heliotail

We seek to understand the quantitative role of the dominant physical processes (charge-exchange, adiabatic heating, stochastic acceleration) governing the proton distribution in the heliotail using observations of hydrogen energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) from the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX ). We solve the Parker transport equation for solar wind protons and pickup ions (PUIs) as they propagate from the termination shock (TS) down the heliotail, including charge-exchange between protons and neutral hydrogen atoms as source terms derived from an MHD-fluid and kinetic-neutral simulation of the heliosphere. We compute ENA fluxes at 1 au from the results of the proton transport model and compare them with IBEX observations. We find that, under the assumptions of our model, a stochastic acceleration process is needed to counteract the energy-dependent losses of ∼0.1–5 keV PUIs from charge-exchange to reproduce IBEX data. The power-law velocity dependence of the diffusion coefficient (spectral index γ) is limited to the range 0.67 < γ < 2, and the best fit to IBEX data appears close to γ ∼ 1.25. The diffusion rate ∼1.1 × 10−8 km2 s−3 (v/v0)1.25 nearly balances the loss of ∼0.1–5 keV PUIs by charge-exchange. Our analysis suggests that cyclotron resonance with two widely known incompressible MHD turbulence: namely, isotropic Kolmogorov and anisotropic Goldreich–Sridhar turbulence, as well as stochastic particle interactions with compressive waves are not by themselves the dominant diffusion mechanisms. However, some intermediate processes may be occurring due to the presence of PUIs.
Sex-Associated Differences in the Handgrip Strength of Elderly Individuals

This study aimed to identify sex-specific factors associated with handgrip strength in elderly individuals. The analysis cohort comprised 1,197 men and 1,384 women aged ≥65 years. In men, factors associated with low handgrip strength included advanced age; low body mass index; low frequency of performing flexibility exercises; limited self-care ability (which is a measure of the health-related quality of life); and the presence of diabetes, stroke, or osteoporosis (R² = 0.285, F = 7.52, p < .001). In women, the factors included advanced age, low body mass index, low frequency of performing muscle strengthening exercises, stress, and osteoarthritis (R² = 0.225, F = 4.17, p < .001). Effective health-promoting interventions for elderly individuals require the development of individualized programs that enhance handgrip strength while considering sex-related factors.
The time history of breakdown

A fluid model is set up, which describes the particle densities and the electric field near the front of the region where breakdown occurs in a gas at high pressure. The model is shown to reduce, in one dimension, to a nonlinear ordinary differential equation for the electric field as a function of distance. This is converted to an equation for the time variation of the electric field experienced by an electron within the front, and this in turn is solved analytically and compared with numerical results.
Endemic Skunk amdoparvovirus in free-ranging striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) in California.

The genus Amdoparvovirus includes the newly discovered skunk amdoparvovirus and the well-characterized Aleutian disease virus which causes significant health impacts in farmed mink worldwide. In 2010-2013, an outbreak of fatal amdoparvovirus-associated disease was documented in free-ranging striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) from the San Francisco Bay Area of California. To characterize the geographic distribution, earliest occurrence, and abundance of this virus, as well as possible impacts on sympatric mustelids of conservation concern, we tested blood samples from skunks throughout California and fishers (Pekania pennanti) from northern California for amdoparvovirus DNA. Amdoparvovirus DNA was detected in 64.8% of sampled skunks (140/216), and test-positive skunks were distributed widely throughout the state, from as far north as Humboldt County and south to San Diego County. The first test-positive skunks were detected from 2004, prior to the 2010-13 outbreak. No significant spatial or temporal clustering of infection was detected. Although healthy and clinically ill animals tested positive for amdoparvovirus DNA, histopathologic evaluation of a subset from clinically ill skunks indicated that positive PCR results were associated with pneumonia as well as there being more than one inflammatory type lesion. None of 38 fishers were PCR-positive. Given the widespread geographical distribution and lack of a clear epizootic center, our results suggest the presence of an endemic skunk-associated amdoparvovirus strain or species. However, if the virus is not host-specific, skunks' ubiquitous presence across rural and urban habitats may pose a risk to susceptible domestic and wild species including mustelids of conservation concern such as fishers and Pacific martens (Martes caurina). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
How to Enhance Work Engagement Among Outsourcing Sector Employees: The Role of Job Resources, Intrinsic and Identified Motivation.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to elaborate upon the motivational process hypothesized by the JD-R model. We tested the associations of job autonomy, social support, and feedback with intrinsic and identified motivation as mediators of work engagement. METHODS Structural equation modelling was performed to verify the conceptual model. RESULTS The results showed that job autonomy and social support were related to work engagement through their relationship with intrinsic and identified motivation. There was also a direct relationship between job autonomy and work engagement. The relationship between feedback and work engagement was weak and was not mediated by intrinsic and identified motivation. CONCLUSIONS The results extend the understanding of how job resources relate to work engagement through intrinsic and identified motivation. It was also shown that in the outsourcing sector on which the study was conducted, job autonomy and social support have to be taken into account when designing work engagement interventions.
Anti-Xa assays: What is their role today in antithrombotic therapy?

Although some suggest anti-Xa assays should be the preferred method for monitoring intravenous unfractionated heparin therapy, which method is best is unknown owing to the lack of large randomized controlled trials correlating different assays with clinical outcomes. This article provides an overview of heparin monitoring and the pros, cons, and clinical applications of anti-Xa assays. Should clinicians abandon the aPTT for monitoring heparin therapy in favor of anti-Xa assays?