Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GT 2009-59569 EFFECT OF HOLE SPACING ON DEPOSITION OF FINE COAL FLYASH NEAR FILM COOLING HOLES

Particulate deposition experiments were performed in a turbine accelerated deposition facility to examine the nature of flyash deposits near film cooling holes. Deposition on both bare metal and TBC coupons was studied, with hole spacings (s/d) of 2.25, 3.375, and 4.5. Sub-bituminous coal ash particles (mass mean diameter of 13 microns) were accelerated to a combustor exit flow Mach number of 0.25 and heated to 1183°C before impinging on a target coupon. The particle loading in the 1-hr tests was 310 ppmw. Blowing ratios were varied in these experiments from 0 to 4.0 with the density ratio varied approximately from 1.5 to 2.1. Particle surface temperature maps were measured using two-color pyrometry based on the RGB signals from a camera. For similar hole spacing and blowing ratio, the capture efficiency measured for the TBC surface was much higher than for the bare metal coupon due to the increase of surface temperature. Deposits on the TBC coupon were observed to be more tenacious (i.e., hard to remove) than deposits on bare-metal coupons. The capture efficiency was shown to be a function of both the hole spacing and the blowing ratio (and hence surface temperature). Temperature seemed to be the dominant factor affecting deposition propensity. The average spanwise temperature downstream of the holes for close hole spacing was only slightly lower than for the large hole spacing. Roughness parameters Ra and Rt decreased monotonically with increased blowing ratio for both hole spacings analyzed. The roughness for s/d=3.375 was lower than that for s/d=4.5, especially at high blowing ratio. It is thought that these data will prove useful for designers of turbines using synfuels. 1 NOMENCLATURE CMM coordinate measurement machine d hole diameter D coupon diameter DVC dense vertically cracked HVOF high velocity oxygen fuel M blowing ratio =ρcUc/ρ∞U∞ M Mach number M3 s/d=3.375, metal coupon M4 s/d=4.5, metal coupon ppmw parts per million by weight R coupon radius Ra centerline-averaged roughness value [μm] Rt mean of vertical distance of peak and valley [μm] Rz vertical distance of peak and valley [μm] s hole spacing [mm] slpm standard liters per minute T temperature Tc coolant temperature Ts wall surface temperature Tinf wall surface temperature at adiabatic condtion TADF turbine accelerated deposition facility TBC thermal barrier coating x spanwise coordinate from left edge of coupon y streamwise coordinate from downstream edge of center film cooling hole α impingement angle η Overall film cooling effectiveness ρ density Subscripts ∞ free stream condition c coolant s surface 1 Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Paper : Evaluation of Lead Poisoning in Opium Consumers

* Corresponding Author: Fares Najari, MD Address: Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98 (912) 3195140 E-mail: najari.hospital@sbmus.ac. ir Background: Because opium is mixed with lead to increase its weight, the prevalence of lead poisoning is high among opium consumers. Hence, measurement of serum lead level in these people is important for the prevention or early treatment of lead poisoning. To evaluate the blood lead level in opium consumers.
Not to be cited without the author ’ s consent On referee bias , crowd size and home advantage in the English soccer

In a recent paper Boyko et al. identified differences in attendance and referee bias as factors influencing home advantage at soccer matches in the English Premiership. A replication of their study using later data found no evidence to sustain either of their claims. In a recent paper, Boyko et al. (2007) presented analyses of results in the English Premiership which indicated not only that the larger the attendance at a match the greater the home side’s advantage (in terms of goals scored) but also that there were statistically significant differences (at the 0.05 level or better) among referees in the extent of that home advantage. They concluded that ‘individual referees influence the outcome of English Premier League matches . [and] are likely responsible for at least some of the observed home advantage in EPL football’ (pp. 7-8), probably because whereas most referees are associated with substantial home advantage, ‘a few deviate by giving lower home advantage’ (p.8). Together with their finding relating home advantage to crowd size, this, they suggest, reflects one or more of three possibilities: (1) referees vary in their response to a partisan crowd, but not in their marginal response to crowd size; (2) referees vary in their marginal response to crowd size, but not in their baseline response to the presence of a partisan crowd;and (3) referees differ in both their baseline and marginal response to crowd size. These results not surprisingly generated considerable popular interest. However, some aspects of the data used raise questions concerning the robustness of the findings, and so it was decided to replicate their study using data from the most recent (2006-2007) season. All of the data have been taken from the website http://soccerfactsuk.co.uk/. Boyko et al.’s analyses relate home advantage to crowd size and referee through a core model with the following form: HAij = a + b1 HGi – b2AGj + b3 Aij +/-SbkRk * Correspondence: Ron Johnston, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK. E-mail: R.Johnston@bristol.ac. uk. 1 For example, stories at http://www.eufootball. biz/Competitions/011106-Study-referees-favour-home teams.html, and http://www.midcomb. com/MIDLAND%20REF.htm; and in the Daily Mail http://www.dailymail. co.uk/pages/live/articles/technology/technology.html? in_article_id=453087&in_ page_id=1965.
Validating IM-based methods for probabilistic seismic performance assessment with higher-level non-conditional simulation

Probabilistic seismic performance assessment consists of evaluating the probability that a structure exceeds a limit state at least once within a given time interval (risk). Classical methods to evaluate it are those of structural reliability. For dynamic problems such as the seismic one, recourse to simulation methods is the most common choice. So far, the main obstacles to their widespread adoption have been the limitations of stochastic ground motion models and the computational cost. The last fifteen years have seen a considerable amount of research devoted to the development of approximate affordable alternatives, employing some assumptions to dramatically reduce the effort and requiring only accessible tools and notions in probability/statistics. These methods can be collectively denoted as “IM-based”, since they rely on the hazard-fragility split of risk, which are expressed in terms of an Intensity Measure (IM). The paper critically compares results of the two classes of methods.
No evidence that transcranial direct current stimulation of the right frontal eye field affects latency or accuracy of prosaccades

Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva. nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.
Effects of Collaborative Tasks on EFL Learners ’ Writing Productions

The importance of meaning-based teaching of the writing skill as an end in itself has mostly overlooked due to the common traditional grammar-based approaches used in writing instructions within the English as a foreign language (EFL) context. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of collaborative meaningfocused and grammar-focused pre-writing task on complexity, accuracy, and fluency in EFL learners’ written products. To this end, 113 Iranian EFL learners were selected. The learners were randomly assigned to two different experimental groups, namely grammar-focused group and meaning-focused group, and one control group. After doing a writing task as the pretest, the participants in the two experimental groups received task manipulations during a fifteen-minute prewriting phase for seven sessions. Afterwards, all the participants attended a final posttest of writing. The findings revealed significant effects of the meaningfocused pre-writing tasks on the participants’ writing fluency, and the significant effects of the grammar-focused pre-writing tasks on the participants’ writing accuracy. The results also showed that the experimental groups outperformed the control group in terms of complexity. However, there were no significant differences between the two experimental groups. The implications of the findings are also discussed
Emerging Mobile Apps to Improve English Listening Skills

The use of mobile technology has been going through a period of rapid growth. Although the potential for mobile learning is huge, few studies have been conducted on mobile usability. The purpose of this study, thus, is to demonstrate the effects of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) in listening skills. The study aims to 1) investigate whether participants improve their listening skills after taking a one semester college English course, 2) examine whether there are any significant differences in listening skills between the control group without mobile apps and the experimental group with mobile apps, and 3) investigate learners’ perceptions towards mobile-based learning for developing listening abilities. The research data includes 1) the results of two sets of listening tests, and 2) learners’ reflections on their experience of mobile listening activities outside of the class. In this study, there were 24 participants in the control group and 20 in the experimental group. The results provide evidence suggesting that contextualizing MALL practice can improve listening skills and reveal the merits and drawbacks of the application of mobile phones in a foreign language class. Based on the findings, educational implications for this experimental study and future research are suggested.
Pathogenicity Evaluation of transcription levels of inl A , inl B , hly , bsh and prf A genes in Listeria monocytogenes strains using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR and ability of invasion into human CaCo-2 cells

Listeria monocytogenes virulence depends on the activity of well-characterized virulence factors. In this study, transcription levels of inlA, inlB, hly, bsh and prfA genes in L. monocytogenes strains, and the ability of invasion into CaCo-2 cells were investigated. Serotyping, multiplex-PCR for serovar identification and restriction fragment analysis of inlA were performed. Transcription levels and invasiveness were evaluated by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR and by in vitro assays, respectively. The isolates were of serovars 1/2a, 4b, 1/2c, 1/2b and 3a. Full-length inlA profiles were found for nine of ten clinical isolates, while five of seven cultures from foods showed truncated profile. The analysis of transcription levels of virulence factors encoding genes demonstrated a substantial inter-strain heterogeneity, with clinical strains showing higher levels for almost all genes than isolates from food. A correlation between transcription levels of inlA and inlB, as well as between bsh and prfA, was observed. Significant differences between clinical strains and food isolates in the invasion of CaCo-2 cells were found. Analysis of gene transcription and invasiveness of human cells suggests different virulence phenotypes among L. monocytogenes populations, and this characterization could be a useful tool for risk assessment purposes and for the development of public health strategies.
The Value of the Undergraduate Dissertation: Perceptions of Supervisors

Dissertations are a common feature of final year undergraduate study, but there has been little research into their impact on student performance and satisfaction (Hammick and Acker, 1998; Webster et al., 2000; Pathirage et al., 2004), and even less into the perceptions and attitudes of their academic supervisors. The research reported in this paper is part of the project entitled: ‘Dissertation in the Business and Management Undergraduate Curriculum: Value Adding and Value for Money? ’ The second phase of the project complements a quantitative study of student achievement (see Anchor et al., 2009), by investigating perceptions of the undergraduate dissertation by members of staff. The data for this part of the project was collected by means of a questionnaire survey sent to staff within the Departments of Leadership & Management and Strategy and Marketing at the University of Huddersfield Business School; a sample for follow-up interviews was also self-identified in the responses to the questionnaire survey. Issues focused upon in the questionnaire and interviews include whether students have the capacity to undertake a dissertation, their perceptions of its values and impact upon their results, and staff views of the demands that dissertation supervision places upon them. This paper focuses particularly on staff perceptions of value. The main findings are that the dissertation still has currency today, but needs to be evaluated to ensure that it is meeting the needs of different stakeholders. Further, that despite the perceived academic rigor of the dissertation, the lecturers believed that it gave students the ability to reach a level whereby they become autonomous learners.
The Links between Brain Insulin Resistance and Alzheimer’s Disease

Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two main health problems influencing millions of people in the world. Neuron loss and synaptic impairment that interfere with cognition and memory cause for the behavioral indications of AD. While it is now accepted that insulin has central neuromodulatory purpose, it was contemplated for many years that brain is insusceptible to insulin, involving its function in memory and learning, which are impaired in AD. The common characteristics of both AD and T2D are impaired insulin signaling, oxidative stress, the excitation of inflammatory pathways and unqualified glucose metabolism. This review summarizes how the recognition of these mechanisms may lead to the development of alternative therapeutic approaches. Here we summarize how the recognition of these mechanisms may lead to the development of alternative therapeutic approaches. Keywords—Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, insulin resistance, neurodegenerative.
A pr 2 01 8 Pencils and nets on curves arising from rank 1 sheaves on K 3 surfaces

Let S be a K3 surface, C a smooth curve on S with OS(C) ample, and A a base-point free g d on C of small degree. We use Lazarsfeld–Mukai bundles to prove that A is cut out by the global sections of a rank 1 torsion-free sheaf G on S. Furthermore, we show that c1(G) with one exception is adapted to OS(C) and satisfies Cliff(c1(G)|C) ≤ Cliff(A), thereby confirming a conjecture posed by Donagi and Morrison. We also show that the same methods can be used to give a simple proof of the conjecture in the g d case. In the final section, we give an example of the mentioned exception where h(C, c1(G)|C) is dependent on the curve C in its linear system, thereby failing to be adapted to OS(C).
Servant Leadership and Enhancement of Organizational Performance

The Servant Leader Model is a theory that advances administration, supports trust, coordinates effort, future-arranges and utilizes moral capacity to engage others, focusing on good ethical practices. This study inspects the faculty of public and private universities in Peshawar for elements of servant leader behavior (wisdom, emotional healing and persuasive mapping) and effect on performance. Drawing on information from 95 teaching faculty members from different universities, we discovered help for the immediate impact of the all elements of servant leader behavior administration on universities performance. The findings add to servant leadership practices, in like manner to values-based administration, which conceivably may include novel literature regarding the relationship between servant leadership and performance of universities teachers. Implications form the last part of the paper.
Non-invasive In Vivo Imaging of Cancer Using Surface-Enhanced Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy (SESORS)

Rationale: The goal of imaging tumors at depth with high sensitivity and specificity represents a significant challenge in the field of biomedical optical imaging. 'Surface enhanced Raman scattering' (SERS) nanoparticles (NPs) have been employed as image contrast agents and can be used to specifically target cells in vivo. By tracking their unique “fingerprint” spectra, it becomes possible to determine their precise location. However, while the detection of SERS NPs is very sensitive and specific, conventional Raman spectroscopy imaging devices are limited in their inability to probe through tissue depths of more than a few millimetres, due to scattering and absorption of photons by biological tissues. Here, we combine the use of "Spatially Offset Raman spectroscopy" (SORS) with that of "surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy" (SERRS) in a technique known as "surface enhanced spatially offset resonance Raman spectroscopy" (SESO(R)RS) to image deep-seated glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumors in vivo in mice through the intact skull. Methods: A SORS imaging system was built in-house. Proof of concept SORS imaging was achieved using a PTFE-skull-tissue phantom. Imaging of GBMs in the RCAS-PDGF/N-tva transgenic mouse model was achieved through the use of gold nanostars functionalized with a resonant Raman reporter to create SERRS nanostars. These were then encapsulated in a thin silica shell and functionalized with a cyclic-RGDyK peptide to yield integrin-targeting SERRS nanostars. Non-invasive in vivo SORS image acquisition of the integrin-targeted nanostars was then performed in living mice under general anesthesia. Conventional non-SORS imaging was used as a direct comparison. Results: Using a low power density laser, GBMs were imaged via SESORRS in mice (n = 5) and confirmed using MRI and histopathology. The results demonstrate that via utilization of the SORS approach, it is possible to acquire clear and distinct Raman spectra from deep-seated GBMs in mice in vivo through the skull. SESORRS images generated using classical least squares outlined the tumors with high precision as confirmed via MRI and histology. Unlike SESORRS, conventional Raman imaging of the same areas did not provide a clear delineation of the tumor. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of in vivo SESO(R)RS imaging. In a relevant brain tumor mouse model we demonstrate that this technique can overcome the limitations of conventional Raman imaging with regards to penetration depth. This work therefore represents a significant step forward in the potential clinical translation of SERRS nanoparticles for high precision cancer imaging.
Non-dinosaurian dinosauromorphs from the Chinle Formation (Upper Triassic) of the Eagle Basin, northern Colorado: Dromomeron romeri (Lagerpetidae) and a new taxon, Kwanasaurus williamparkeri (Silesauridae)

The “red siltstone” member of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation in the Eagle Basin of Colorado contains a diverse assemblage of dinosauromorphs falling outside of Dinosauria. This assemblage is the northernmost known occurrence of non-dinosaurian dinosauromorphs in North America, and probably falls within the Revueltian land vertebrate estimated biochronozone (215–207 Ma, middle to late Norian). Lagerpetids are represented by proximal femora and a humerus referable to Dromomeron romeri. Silesaurids (non-dinosaurian dinosauriforms) are the most commonly recovered dinosauromorph elements, consisting of dentaries, maxillae, isolated teeth, humeri, illia, femora, and possibly a scapula and tibiae. These elements represent a new silesaurid, Kwanasaurus williamparkeri, gen. et sp. nov., which possesses several autapomorphies: a short, very robust maxilla with a broad ascending process, a massive ventromedial process, a complex articular surface for the lacrimal and jugal, and 12 teeth; 14 dentary teeth; an ilium with an elongate and blade-like preacetabular process and concave acetabular margin; a femur with an extremely thin medial distal condyle and a depression on the distal end anterior to the crista tibiofibularis. The recognition of K. williamparkeri further demonstrates the predominantly Late Triassic diversity and widespread geographic distribution across Pangea of the sister clade to Asilisaurus, here named Sulcimentisauria. Silesaurid dentition suggests a variety of dietary specializations from faunivory and omnivory in the Middle Triassic and early Late Triassic (Carnian), to herbivory in the Late Triassic (Carnian and Norian), with the latter specialization possibly coinciding with the radiation of Sulcimentisauria across Pangea. The extremely robust maxilla and folidont teeth of K. williamparkei may represent a strong herbivorous dietary specialization among silesaurids.
Canadia spinosa and the early evolution of the annelid nervous system

Exceptional fossils reveal annelid nervous system evolution. Annelid worms are a disparate, primitively segmented clade of bilaterians that first appear during the early Cambrian Period. Reconstructing their early evolution is complicated by the extreme morphological diversity in early diverging lineages, rapid diversification, and sparse fossil record. Canadia spinosa, a Burgess Shale fossil polychaete, is redescribed as having palps with feeding grooves, a dorsal median antenna and biramous parapodia associated with the head and flanking a ventral mouth. Carbonaceously preserved features are identified as a terminal brain, circumoral connectives, a midventral ganglionated nerve cord and prominent parapodial nerves. Phylogenetic analysis recovers neuroanatomically simple extant taxa as the sister group of other annelids, but the phylogenetic position of Canadia suggests that the annelid ancestor was reasonably complex neuroanatomically and that reduction of the nervous system occurred several times independently in the subsequent 500 million years of annelid evolution.