Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Absolute lymphocyte count: a cost-effective method of monitoring HIV-infected individuals.

AIM Depletion of CD4 cell count is a hallmark of disease progression in AIDS. CD4 cell count is essential for physicians to decide about the timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and for prophylaxis of opportunistic infections. WHO has recommended that, absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) of ≤1200/μL can substitute CD4 cell count of ≤200/μL in resource-constrained countries throughout the world. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was undertaken to know whether there is a correlation between CD4 cell count and ALC in HIV-infected individuals. A single sample of blood was withdrawn for ALC and CD4 cell count. The samples received from December 1, 2004 to December 31, 2005 were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 196 samples were collected from 185 patients. After exclusion, a total of 182 samples were analyzed. Results revealed that male:female ratio was 126:56 and their age ranged from 13 to 67 years. The median ALC was 1747 cells/μL, whereas the CD4 cell count ranged from 5 to 2848. The correlation coefficient between ALC and CD4 cell count was significant (0.714). There were 49 patients with an ALC of ≤1200/μL of whom 77.6% patients had CD4 cell count ≤ 200/μL (true positive) and 22.4% had CD4 cell count > 200/μL (false positive). There were 133 patients with an ALC of >1200/μL of whom 84.2% had CD4 cell count > 200/μL (true negative) and 15.8% had CD4 cell count ≤ 200/μL (false negative). Taking ALC of ≤1200/μL as a predictor of CD4 cell count ≤ 200/μL ,the sensitivity of the test was 64.4% and specificity was 91.1%. The positive predictive value was 77.6%, negative predictive value was 84.2%, and accuracy was 82.4%. CONCLUSION We found that an ALC of ≤ 1520/μL has higher sensitivity (78%) for a CD4 cell count of ≤ 200/μL. The ALC was found to be significantly cost-effective in our setup but chances of missing out patients requiring ART was 1 in 5 using the WHO guidelines.
Effects of Shaddock (Citrus maxima) Fruit Juice on Glucose Tolerance and Lipid Profile in Type-II Diabetic Rats

Cirus maxima commonly known as Shaddock has been proved for hypoglycaemic effects. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Shaddock (C.maxima) fruit juice on glucose tolerance and lipid profile in streptozotocin (STZ) induced type-II diabetic rat. Two days old neonatal pups (7-10 g) were used and they were made diabetic by intraperitoneally (i.p.) injection of 90 mg/kg STZ in citrate buffer solution. Different groups of animals were treated by 25% and 50% Shaddock fruit juice (SFJ) for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks treatment biochemical parameters from blood serum were analyzed. The significant differences of glucose, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride, in 50% SFJ treated group compare to diabetic group were found. Therefore we conclude from this present study that Shaddock fruit juice has beneficial effects on glucose tolerance and lipid profile in streptozotocin-induced type-II diabetic rat.
MULTIPHASE FLUID FLOW MODELLING OF FURNACE TAPHOLES

Pyrometallurgical furnaces of many varieties make use of tapholes in order to facilitate the removal of molten process material from inside the vessel. Correct understanding and operation of the taphole is essential for optimal performance of such furnaces. The present work makes use of computational fluid dynamics models generated using the OpenFOAM framework in order to study flow behaviour in the taphole system. Single-phase large-eddy simulation models are used to quantify the discharge rate and laminar-turbulent transitions as a function of parameters such as height of material inside the furnace vessel, taphole geometry, and fluid properties. The results are used to inform boundary conditions in multiphase fluid flow models used for prediction of the qualitative behaviour of the free surface in the launder and tapping ladle for selected cases.
Parsing of compositions and microstructure characteristics for rust-spots of pear pericarp

The commercial value of Kurles pears pericarp, a popular and favored fruit for its unique aroma and refreshingly crisp texture, had sharply decreased because of a rust breakout of the beloved pear in China during the atmosphere-controlled storage. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were used to analyze rust spots on the pericarp of Kurle pears. Therefore, the chemical compounds of four various eluates, originating from the rust-colored substance collected from the pears pericarp effected, were identified successfully for the first time, which were just rhein, aloe-emodin, chrysophanol and emodin, respectively. Taken together with microstructure characteristics for rust-spots of Kurle pear pericarp, it was no doubt that these eluates were the main factors affecting the rust spots on the pericarp of the Kurle pears during the atmosphere-controlled storage, which was a sign and consequence resisting the undesirable stress of the external environment.
The Influence of Geometrical and Welding Imperfections on the Strength of Stiffened Structures

The topic of this article is the application of an analytical numerical hybrid model for a realistic prediction of imperfections induced by welds. At the beginning, the analytical model, its physical basis as well as the physical interrelationships are explained. This is followed by the explanation of the coupling procedure between the analytical model and the numerical calculation. The significance of the hybrid model is proven by means of a few sample applications. Afterwards, the coupled hybrid model is applied on the investigated stiffened structure for the determination of the weld imperfections. An ultimate load analysis gives information about the load carrying behaviour under axial loading. The results are compared with the results of an ultimate load analysis from a literature example assuming different eigenvalues with different scaling. The comparison underlines the potential additional utilization of load bearing capacity by this new approach.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SECURITY ASPECTS IN CONSUMER PREFERENCES IN ELECTRONIC ENVIRONMENT

Organizations have to face both the opportunities that the technologies provide and the challenges that they create in the local or global market as the consumer behavior in the electronic environment is different from the behavior in an actual shop, therefore it is important to not only understand the changing needs of the customers, the factors that influence their behavior but also to choose suitable strategies while trying to satisfy these needs taking in consideration security issues. For this reason, an important purpose of this study is to indicate the factors that determine the behavior of an e-shop customer by conducting a pilot study in Lithuania. The research identified the key factors of consumer behavior in an e-shop. To establish factors determining the online shop customer preferences, five factor groups were identified on the basis of empirical research: product (service) characteristics, delivery, methods of payment, service quality and web page functionality characteristics. The results of the structured consumer survey showed that the factors that positively influence the decision to buy goods online are lower cost, less time consumption, an ability to make an order at any time of the day, and a larger range of products. The key factors that negatively affect the online shopping are product quality, delivery costs, security aspects, delivery time, and complicated online shopping process. The main problem areas faced by online shoppers were delays in product delivery, product quality, insufficient choice of payment methods, difficult return procedures, too little information about the product. After performing the correlation regression analysis of the structured survey, the following relationships are established: the frequency of online shopping is significantly correlated with the product’s compliance with expectations, which indicates that the customers who were satisfied with the quality of online products, more often shop on the Internet.
113 SP-262 — 8 Polymer Physics and Superplasticizers by

Synopsis: The increased performance of polycarboxylate superplasticizers is generally explained by the steric hindrance they are intended to develop between cement particles. In fact, direct evidence of this is relatively scarce. The only direct measurements to date have been made by atomic force microscopy on model surfaces of magnesium oxide. In this paper, we report very recent measurements using the same technique but on surfaces of calcium silicate hydrate that constitute a more realistic model system. Furthermore, it is shown that the measured interfacial behavior of superplasticizers can be quantified by a scaling law approach borrowed and extended from polymer physics.
Comparison of the Effects of Static and Dynamic Stretching on the Force-Velocity Capabilities of Young Volleyball Players

The aim of the study was to compare the effects of static (StatS) and dynamic stretching (DynS) on forcevelocity tasks (spike jump – SJ, block jump – BJ, 1 kg ball throw – THW) of young volleyball players (n = 10, age = 15.4±0.5 years, height = 177.5±4.7 cm, weight = 61.0±5.7 kg) during their competition period. The statistical analysis did not show any significant differences (t = -0.074, p > 0.05, d = 0.02) when measuring the SJ height after the StatS warm-up (58.3±10.0 cm) and after the DynS warm-up (58.9±10.1 cm). No significant differences were observed with the BS height (t = -0.214, p > 0.05, d = 0.05) – StatS warm-up (42.3±9.2 cm) and DynS warm-up (43.1±9.3 cm). The THW indicator came up similar (t = 0.164, p > 0.05, d = 0.04), StatS warmup 12.2±3.2 cm, DynS warm-up 13.0±2.9 cm.
Greater contribution of low-nutrient tolerance to the growths of sorghum and maize under combined stress conditions with high-aluminum and low-nutrients in solution culture simulating the nutrient status of tropical acid soils

Aluminum (Al) tolerance is usually regarded as the determining factor for plant growth in acid soils and nutrient deficiencies are often additional growth-limiting factors in tropical acid soils. Considering potential interactions between Al toxicity and nutrient deficiencies, we investigated sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Moench [L.]) and maize (Zea mays L.) cultivar differences for (a) Al tolerance (relative growth in a one-fifth strength nutrient solution [low-nutrient medium, ionic strength: 4.5 mM] with Al and without Al), (b) low-nutrient tolerance (relative growth in the low-nutrient medium compared with
Place-Based Policies, Creation, and Agglomeration Economies: Evidence from China’s Economic Zone Program

Combining rich firm and administrative data, this paper examines the incidence and effectiveness of a prominent place-based policy in China: special economic zones. Establishing zones is found to have had a positive effect on capital investment, employment, output, productivity, and wages, and to have increased the number of firms in the designated areas. Net entry plays a larger role in generating those effects than incumbents. The special zone program’s net benefits over three years are estimated to amount to about US$15.62 billion. Capital-intensive industries benefit more than labor-intensive ones from the zone programs. (JEL O16, O18, O25, P25, R23, R32, R58)
Reduction of BDNF expression in Fmr1 knockout mice worsens cognitive deficits but improves hyperactivity and sensorimotor deficits

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a common cause of inherited intellectual disability and a well‐characterized form of autism spectrum disorder. As brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is implicated in the pathophysiology of FXS we examined the effects of reduced BDNF expression on the behavioral phenotype of an animal model of FXS, Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice, crossed with mice carrying a deletion of one copy of the Bdnf gene (Bdnf+/−). Fmr1 KO mice showed age‐dependent alterations in hippocampal BDNF expression that declined after the age of 4 months compared to wild‐type controls. Mild deficits in water maze learning in Bdnf+/− and Fmr1 KO mice were exaggerated and contextual fear learning significantly impaired in double transgenics. Reduced BDNF expression did not alter basal nociceptive responses or central hypersensitivity in Fmr1 KO mice. Paradoxically, the locomotor hyperactivity and deficits in sensorimotor learning and startle responses characteristic of Fmr1 KO mice were ameliorated by reducing BNDF, suggesting changes in simultaneously and in parallel working hippocampus‐dependent and striatum‐dependent systems. Furthermore, the obesity normally seen in Bdnf+/− mice was eliminated by the absence of fragile X mental retardation protein 1 (FMRP). Reduced BDNF decreased the survival of newborn cells in the ventral part of the hippocampus both in the presence and absence of FMRP. Since a short neurite phenotype characteristic of newborn cells lacking FMRP was not found in cells derived from double mutant mice, changes in neuronal maturation likely contributed to the behavioral phenotype. Our results show that the absence of FMRP modifies the diverse effects of BDNF on the FXS phenotype.
Cyber Physical System based Proactive Collaborative Maintenance MANTIS D 1 . 2 Consolidated State-ofthe-Art of Sensor-based Proactive Maintenance Appendix 15 : Modelling techniques for high-frequency time-series data

In this appendix, a number of modelling techniques for high-frequency time-series data will be described. The first set of methods is situated in the domain of data stream mining, focusing finding (frequent) patterns of events in the data stream and predicting upcoming events. Second, cluster analysis techniques estimate the similarity between objects and propose a categorization into k clusters. A third set of methods is related to time-varying system identification, which tries to identify the system behind a series of states in which the system is varying over time due to an unobserved scheduling parameter. In Section 4, probabilistic modeling techniques are discussed, which describe the data that can be observed from a system, using probability theory to express the uncertainty resulting from noise and missing data; issues that are often inherent when working with sensor data. Subsequently, probabilistic reasoning can be used to infer additional knowledge and make predictions. Finally, we present a reminder about statistical analysis on time series data that might be useful for detecting various types of very long term tendencies. These methods are mainly used in econometrics and financial analysis, but could be relevant to issues that arise in MANTIS. iv http://www.mantis-project.eu MANTIS 662189 – MANTIS – ECSEL-2014-1 D1.2 Consolidated State-of-the-Art of Sensor-based Proactive Maintenance
COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF VANARAJA AND INDIGENOUS CHICKEN UNDER INTENSIVE SYSTEM IN SUB TEMPERATE CLIMATIC CONDITION OF NORTH WESTERN HIMALAYAN STATE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH

The present study was carried on to evaluate the comparative performance of Vanaraja, a dual purpose birds developed for backyard poultry farming for their suitability to local temperate to subtemperate agroclimatic conditions for their further promotion in backyard farming160 Vanaraja birds and 180 indigenous non descript birds of Himachal Pradesh were reared simultaneously under intensive system of management. The body weight at different ages for Vanaraja and indigenous chicken differ significantly. Body weight at 5 weeks of age for Vanaraja and indigenous was 539.12±2.09 and 226±1.89gms respectively. Corresponding Body weight at 20 weeks of age for male was 2751±12.91and 1958±10.75gms for Vanaraja and indigenous respectively, while for female was 2081±12.68 and 1357±11.32gms. The comparative estimate of egg production revealed that egg production for Vanaraja is comparatively higher than indigenous chicken which differed significantly. The average fertility, hatchability on total egg set basis and chick survivability of hatched chicks up to eight weeks of age for Vanaraja was 86.82±2.26, 74.58±1.16 and 94.32±0.10% respectively, whereas for that of indigenous was 87.84±1.54, 77.64±3.24 and 95.18±0.12% respectively, almost similar for both genetic group. But average weight of hatched chicks for Vanaraja and Indigenous was 36.95±0.09 and 28.97±0.06 gms respectively which differ significantly (P<0.05). Performance of Vanaraja under sub temperate condition of the state was found satisfactory and the birds are well adapted to local agro-climatic condition under intensive system of production. Further studies should be carried to evaluate the performance of Vanaraja under traditional/rural poultry farming condition
A SINGLE FIELD APPLICATION OF SPENT LIME CONTINUES TO REDUCE APHANOMYCES ROOT ROT AND INCREASES SUGARBEET YIELDS DURING SIXTH GROWING SEASON

Aphanomyces cochlioides (= A. cochlioides) is an economic pathogen infesting over 50% of acres planted to sugarbeet in the Red River Valley (RRV) and most acres in southern Minnesota. When soil is warm and wet, A. cochlioides causes damping-off of seedlings and chronic root rot of older plants. Storage of diseased roots in piles contributes to additional losses. A. cochlioides survives in soil for years, even when sugarbeet is not planted. Consequently, recommendations for growing sugarbeet in infested fields include early planting of partially resistant varieties treated with the fungicide Tachigaren and implementing cultural practices (e.g. cultivation and improved drainage) to avoid or reduce infection by A. cochlioides. However, when inoculum densities of the pathogen are high, and soil is wet and warm, implementing these measures is inadequate for economic yields and fields may be abandoned or yield poorly. This chronic situation has generated interest in finding effective, alternative methods to supplement control of A. cochlioides.
Homocysteine and major coronary events: a prospective population study amongst women

Abstract. Knekt P, Alfthan G, Aromaa A, Heliövaara M, Marniemi J, Rissanen H, Reunanen A (National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, and Social Insurance Institution, Turku, Finland). Homocysteine and major coronary events; a prospective population study amongst women. J Intern Med 2001; 249: 461–465.
Learning about general practice through qualitative interviews: Lessons from a seminar course with medical students

Background: A seminar course was developed in order to train medical students in qualitative research methods, while providing an introduction to the field of General Practice. Students were enabled to conduct semi-structured interviews with general practitioners (GPs), during which they learned about the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of frequently encountered medical problems. The course was carried out four times at two universities in Germany. Aims: The study explores the students’ learning experiences focusing on their research experience. Methods: Data were collected in four focus groups and analyzed. Results: The students perceived the course as very different from their usual medical education. This was appreciated, but also caused some difficulties. Three themes emerged: (1) Missing ‘facts’, (2) New horizons: ‘Thinking outside the box’, and (3) The challenge of interpretation: ‘Reading between the lines’. Conclusions: Learning qualitative research methods can be particularly challenging for medical students as the tasks and epistemology of qualitative research run counter to the usual learning formats and research paradigms in medical education. When teaching qualitative research, special care should be taken to address the cognitive dissonance experienced by students and to explain the unique contribution of qualitative research to medical practice and the field of General Practice especially.
Does crossbreeding have a place in modern UK dairy systems ?

Lactational production indicators, namely 305 day milk yield, milk composition (% butterfat, % protein), fertility (number of services per conception) were compared between Montbeliarde cross Holstein (MX) cattle and pure Holstein (H) cattle. The data was collected from 12 farms across the west of England which had both H and MX cattle on the same farm. The farms were categorised into systems, so that the traits could be evaluated and breeds compared in each system. Farmers’ perceptions of various traits for MX and H were also collected and correlated with the corresponding data. It was found that MX had a higher butterfat and protein percentage and required fewer serves per pregnancy on TMR and partial TMR systems; however, this was accompanied by lower 305d milk yields (kg), total protein (kg) and total butterfat (kg) yields. On the grazing system, MX required fewer serves per pregnancy achieved, and had higher 305d milk yields, yielding larger amounts of protein and butterfat (kg) during a lactation. Overall Montbeliarde X cattle performed best on a grazing system (p<0.05) whilst Holstein cattle performed best on a TMR system.
Exploring a Lower‐Resolution Physics Grid in CAM‐SE‐CSLAM

This paper describes the implementation of a coarser‐resolution physics grid into the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM), containing 59 fewer grid columns than the dynamics grid. The dry dynamics is represented by the spectral element dynamical core, and tracer transport is computed using the Conservative Semi‐Lagrangian Finite Volume Method (CAM‐SE‐CSLAM). Algorithms are presented that map fields between the dynamics and physics grids while maintaining numerical properties ideal for atmospheric simulations such as mass conservation and mixing ratio shape and linear‐correlation preservation. The results of experiments using the lower‐resolution physics grid are compared to the conventional method in which the physics and dynamical grids coincide. The lower‐resolution physics grid provides a volume mean state to the physics computed from an equal sampling of the different types of nodal solutions arising in the spectral‐element method and effectively mitigates grid imprinting in regions with steep topography. The impact of the coarser‐resolution physics grid on the resolved scales of motion is analyzed in an aquaplanet configuration, across a range of dynamical core grid resolutions. The results suggest that the effective resolution of the model is not degraded through the use of a coarser‐resolution physics grid. Since the physics makes up about half the computational cost of the conventional CAM‐SE‐CSLAM configuration, the coarser physics grid may allow for significant cost savings with little to no downside.
Geochemical Characteristics of A-Type Granite near the Hongyan Cu-Polymetallic Deposit in the Eastern Hegenshan-Heihe Suture Zone, NE China: Implications for Petrogenesis, Mineralization and Tectonic Setting

In the eastern Hegenshan-Heihe suture zone (HHSZ) of NE China, Cu-Au hydrothermal mineralization at the newly discovered Hongyan deposit is associated with the Shanshenfu alkali-feldspar granite (SAFG). Zircon U-Pb dating showed that the inner phase and outer phase of the SAFG were formed at 298.8 ± 1.0 Ma and 298.5 ± 1.0 Ma, respectively. Whole rock geochemistry suggests that the SAFG can be classified as an A-type granite. Halfnium isotopes and trace elements in zircon suggest that the SAFG has high Ti-in-zircon crystallization temperature (721–990 °C), high magmatic oxygen fugacity and largely positive εHf(t) (from +6.0 to +9.9). We proposed that the SAFG was derived from crustal assimilation and fractional crystallization of juvenile crust metasomatized by subducting oceanic crust. The high oxygen fugacity of the SAFG suggests the chalcophile elements (e.g., Cu, Au) remained in the magma as opposed to the magma source. An arc-related juvenile source favors enrichment of Cu and Au in the resulting magma. Combined, these magmatic characteristics suggest Cu ± Au exploration potential for magmatic-hydrothermal mineralization related to the SAFG, and similar bodies along the HHSZ. The results obtained combined with regional geological background suggest that the Permian A-type granites and related mineralization along the HHSZ were formed in a post-collisional slab break-off process.