Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Non-Random Walk Down Hollywood Boulevard: Celebrity Deaths and Investor Sentiment

Media communication scholars document that the general public exhibits a psychological attachment to celebrities and may emotionally react to their death. In this paper, I take advantage of this insight and I adopt an event study approach to test the impact of exogenous and incidental negative affect (i.e. grief, proxied by the death of Hollywood Walk of Fame celebrities) on people’s willingness to invest in risky assets (proxied by the daily performance of the U.S. stock market). Using a sample of 1,374 celebrity deaths over the period 1926-2009 and controlling for seasonalities, economic/environmental factors, and market liquidity, I find that the death of popular and beloved celebrities is immediately followed by a 16 basis point increase in stock returns, which is consistent with a rise in the net demand for risky instruments. I also find evidence that the size of this celebrity-death effect is increasing in the popularity/media coverage of the celebrity in question, and is larger for stocks that are more affected by investor sentiment. Overall, my findings are consistent with the lab research on the affect management model, which maintains that incidental negative affect promotes risk-prone behavior.
Occult Nodal Disease Prevalence and Distribution in Recurrent Laryngeal Cancer Requiring Salvage Laryngectomy

Objectives The indications for neck dissection concurrent with salvage laryngectomy in the clinically N0 setting remain unclear. Our goals were to determine the prevalence of occult nodal disease, analyze nodal disease distribution patterns, and identify predictors of occult nodal disease in a salvage laryngectomy cohort. Study Design Case series with planned data collection. Setting Tertiary academic center. Subjects Patients with persistent or recurrent laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) after radiation/chemoradiation failure undergoing salvage laryngectomy with neck dissection. Methods We analyzed a single-institution retrospective case series of patients between 1997 and 2014 and identified those who had clinically N0 (cN0) necks (n = 203). Clinical and pathologic data, including nodal prevalence and distribution, were collected and statistical analyses performed. Results Overall, cN0 necks had histologically positive occult nodes in 17% (n = 35) of cases. Univariate predictors of occult nodal positivity included recurrent T4 stage (34% T4 vs 12% non-T4; P = .0003) and supraglottic subsite (28% supraglottic vs 10% nonsupraglottic; P = .0006). Histologically positive nodes associated with supraglottic primaries were most frequently positive in ipsilateral levels II and III (17% and 16%). Positive nodes for glottic LSCC were most frequently positive in the ipsilateral and contralateral paratracheal nodes (11% and 9%). Conclusion Histologically positive occult nodes are identified in 17% of cN0 patients undergoing salvage laryngectomy with neck dissection. Occult nodal disease varies in frequency and distribution based on tumor subsite. Predictors of high (>20%) occult nodal positivity include T4 tumors and supraglottic subsite. In glottic LSCC, the most frequent sites of occult nodal disease are the paratracheal nodal basins.
Generation Y in the Workplace

The recruitment and retention of Generation Y, individuals born between 1977 and 2002, concern the federal government and the Congressional Research Service particularly, as the retirement rate among Baby Boomers increases. A clear understanding of this generation's perceptions and expectations about work and career-related issues will assist the federal government in formulating its recruitment and retention strategies. Thus, this study identified and examined career choice factors and public service perceptions among members of Generation Y.
Cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors for treating cancer

Cyclin dependent kinases (Cdks) are essential enzymes for the control of cell cycle progression. Inhibitors of cyclin‐dependent kinases are anticipated to possess therapeutic utility against a wide variety of proliferative diseases, especially cancer. The field of published small molecule Cdk inhibitors is briefly reviewed here as background to a summary of work on a class of pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Cdk inhibitors. Compounds from this class are described that display potency against cyclin D/Cdk4 up to IC50 = 0.004 μM. Good to moderate selectivity for cyclin D/Cdk4 is also reported for compounds in this structural class. Structure‐activity relationship data are presented for substitution at the C2 and N8 positions and these data are interpreted in the context of a binding model that is based on the Cdk2 crystal structure. A representative cyclin D/Cdk4 inhibitor (compound 56) is demonstrated to selectively inhibit the proliferation of an Rb+ cell line vs. a matched Rb− cell line and to produce a distinct G1 block consistent with cyclin D/Cdk4 inhibition in cells. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Med Res Rev, 21, No. 6, 487–498, 2001
Dynamics of UV short pulse laser-induced plasmas from a ceramic material “titanium carbide”: a hydrodynamical out of equilibrium investigation

The present work is motivated by the numerous applications of short lasers–ceramics interaction. It aims at applying a newly developed model to investigate the dynamic of laser-induced plasmas from a ceramic material into a helium gas under atmospheric pressure. To have a better understanding of the link between the material properties, the plume characteristics and its interaction with the laser beam, a thorough examination of the entire ablation processes is conducted. Comparison with the behavior of laser-induced plumes under the same conditions from a pure material is shown to have a key role in shedding the light on what monitors the plume expansion in the background environment. Plume temperatures, velocities, ionization rates as well as elemental composition have been presented and compared under carefully chosen relevant conditions. This study is of interest for laser matter applications depending on the induced plasmas dynamics and composition.
Epidemiological observations on spongiform encephalopathies in captive wild animals in the British Isles

Since 1986, scrapie-like spongiform encephalopathy has been diagnosed in 19 captive wild animals of eight species at or from eight zoological collections in the British Isles. The affected animals have comprised members of the family Bovidae: one nyala (Tragelaphus angasi), four eland (Taurotragus oryx), and six greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros), one gemsbok (Oryx gazella), one Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx), and one scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah), and members of the family Felidae: four cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) and one puma (Felis concolor). In addition, three cases of a spongiform encephalopathy of unknown aetiology have been reported in ostriches (Struthio camellus) from two zoos in north west Germany. Three features suggest that some of these cases may have been caused by the agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). First, they have been temporally and geographically coincident with the BSE epidemic. Secondly, in all the ungulates for which details are available, it is possible that either the affected animal itself, or the herd into which it was born or moved, had been exposed to proprietary feeds containing ruminant-derived protein or other potentially contaminated material, and all the carnivores had been fed parts of cattle carcases judged unfit for human consumption. Thirdly, the pathological results of inoculating mice with a homogenate of fixed brain tissue from the nyala and from one greater kudu were similar to the results of inoculating mice with BSE brain tissue.
Increased blood carboxyhaemoglobin concentrations in inflammatory pulmonary diseases

Background: Exhaled carbon monoxide has been reported to increase in inflammatory pulmonary diseases and to be correlated with blood carboxyhaemoglobin (Hb-CO) concentration. A study was undertaken to determine whether arterial blood Hb-CO increases in patients with inflammatory pulmonary diseases. Methods: The Hb-CO concentration in arterial blood was measured with a spectrophotometer in 34 normal control subjects, 24 patients with bronchial asthma, 52 patients with pneumonia, and 21 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Results: The mean (SE) Hb-CO concentrations in patients with bronchial asthma during exacerbations (n=24, 1.05 (0.05)%), with pneumonia at the onset of illness (n=52, 1.08 (0.06)%), and with IPF (n=21, 1.03 (0.09)%) were significantly higher than those in control subjects (n=34, 0.60 (0.07)%) (mean difference 0.45% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23 to 0.67), p<0.01 in patients with bronchial asthma, mean difference 0.48% (95% CI 0.35 to 0.60), p<0.0001 in patients with pneumonia, and mean difference 0.43% (95% CI 0.26 to 0.61) p<0.001 in patients with IPF). In 20 patients with bronchial asthma the Hb-CO concentration decreased after 3 weeks of treatment with oral glucocorticoids (p<0.001). In 20 patients with pneumonia the Hb-CO concentration had decreased after 3 weeks when patients showed evidence of clinical improvement (p<0.001). The values of C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase protein, correlated with Hb-CO concentrations in patients with pneumonia (r=0.74, p<0.0001) and in those with IPF (r=0.46, p<0.01). In patients with bronchial asthma changes in Hb-CO concentrations were significantly correlated with those in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) after 3 weeks (r=0.67, p<0.01). Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations were correlated with Hb-CO concentrations (n=33, r=0.80, p<0.0001). Conclusions: Hb-CO concentrations are increased in inflammatory pulmonary diseases including bronchial asthma, pneumonia, and IPF. Measurement of arterial Hb-CO may be a useful means of monitoring pulmonary inflammation.
Distribution of class II transposase and resolvase genes in soil bacteria and their association with mer genes

Southern hybridization was performed on 30 gram-negative, mercury-resistant soil bacteria isolated from three terrestrail sites in Great Britain; two of these sites were mercury polluted (SO and SE), and one was pristine (SB). Most of the isolates (20 of 30) hybridized to probes encoding regions of the transposase (tnpA) and resolvase (tnpR) genes from Tn501 and Tn21. Isolates SE9 and SB3 hybridized to the Tn21 but not the Tn501 tnpA probe; however, they differed in that SB3 hybridized to both Tn501 and Tn21 tnpR probes while SE9 did not hybridize to either tnpR probe. The remaining isolates (7 of 30) did not hybridize to any of the transposon gene probes under the conditions used. tnpA and tnpR regions were PCR amplified from most of the hybridizing isolates and from Tn501 and Tn21, and variation was assessed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. On the basis of these data, tnpA regions were divided into eight restriction fragment length polymorphism classes and tnpR regions were divided into five classes. Similarity coefficients were calculated between classes and used to construct dendrograms showing percent similarity. A compilation of the data from this study on tnpA and tnpR regions and a previous study on merRT delta P regions (A. M. Osborn, K. D. Bruce, P. Strike, and D. A. Ritchie, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:4024-4030, 1993) indicates the presence of hybrid transposons and provides evidence for extensive recombination, both between transposon genes and between transposon and mer genes, within these natural populations of bacteria.
Use of an arginine-restricted diet to slow progression of visual loss in patients with gyrate atrophy.

OBJECTIVE To quantify the effect of long-term reduction of plasma ornithine levels through adherence to an arginine-restricted diet on visual function in patients of all ages with gyrate atrophy of the retina and choroid. METHODS A long-term observational study was conducted on 27 patients with gyrate atrophy, 17 of whom elected to comply with the arginine-restricted diet and 10 who were unable to comply. The mean rates of change in the electroretinogram combined response, electroretinogram flicker response, and kinetic and static perimetry were determined. RESULTS After mean follow-up of 13.9 years for the patients on the diet and 14.1 years for those not on the diet, the mean rates of change for the diet group compared with those of the no-diet group were statistically significantly slower for all outcome measures (age-adjusted P<.05) except for static perimetry (P =.06). CONCLUSIONS Adhering to an arginine-restricted diet so as to lower the plasma ornithine level below an average of 5.29 to 6.61 mg/dL (400-500 micromol/L) will slow the loss of function as measured by sequential electroretinography and visual field examinations.
In Search of a Safe Natural Sleep Aid

Sleep deprivation is associated with an elevated risk of various diseases and leads to a poor quality of life and negative socioeconomic consequences. Sleep inducers such as drugs and herbal medicines may often lead to dependence and other side effects. l-Theanine (γ-glutamylethylamide), an amino acid naturally found abundant in tea leaves, has anxiolytic effects via the induction of α brain waves without additive and other side effects associated with conventional sleep inducers. Anxiolysis is required for the initiation of high-quality sleep. In this study, we review the mechanism(s), safety, and efficacy of l-theanine. Collectively, sleep studies based on an actigraph, the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) sleep inventory questionnaire, wakeup after sleep onset (WASO) and automatic nervous system (ANS) assessment, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve activities, and a pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ) suggest that the administration of 200 mg of l-theanine before bed may support improved sleep quality not by sedation but through anxiolysis. Because l-theanine does not induce daytime drowsiness, it may be useful at any time of the day. The no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) for the oral administration of l-theanine was determined to be above 2000 mg/kg bw/day. Key teaching points: Sleep deprivation–associated morbidity is an increasing public health concern posing a substantial socioeconomic burden. Chronic sleep disorders may seriously affect quality of life and may be etiological factors in a number of chronic diseases such as depression, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Most sleep inducers are sedatives and are often associated with addiction and other side effects. l-Theanine promotes relaxation without drowsiness. Unlike conventional sleep inducers, l-theanine is not a sedative but promotes good quality of sleep through anxiolysis. This review suggests that l-theanine is a safe natural sleep aid.
The Circadian Clock Modulates Enamel Development

Fully mature enamel is about 98% mineral by weight. While mineral crystals appear very early during its formative phase, the newly secreted enamel is a soft gel-like matrix containing several enamel matrix proteins of which the most abundant is amelogenin (Amelx). Histological analysis of mineralized dental enamel reveals markings called cross-striations associated with daily increments of enamel formation, as evidenced by injections of labeling dyes at known time intervals. The daily incremental growth of enamel has led to the hypothesis that the circadian clock might be involved in the regulation of enamel development. To identify daily rhythms of clock genes and Amelx, we subjected murine ameloblast cells to serum synchronization to analyze the expression of the circadian transcription factors Per2 and Bmal1 by real-time PCR. Results indicate that these key genetic regulators of the circadian clock are expressed in synchronized murine ameloblast cell cultures and that their expression profile follows a circadian pattern with acrophase and bathyphase for both gene transcripts in antiphase. Immunohistological analysis confirms the protein expression of Bmal and Cry in enamel cells. Amelx expression in 2-day postnatal mouse molars dissected every 4 hours for a duration of 48 hours oscillated with an approximately 24-hour period, with a significant approximately 2-fold decrease in expression during the dark period compared to the light period. The expression of genes involved in bicarbonate production (Car2) and transport (Slc4a4), as well as in enamel matrix endocytosis (Lamp1), was greater during the dark period, indicating that ameloblasts express these proteins when Amelx expression is at the nadir. The human and mouse Amelx genes each contain a single nonconserved E-box element within 10 kb upstream of their respective transcription start sites. We also found that within 2 kb of the transcription start site of the human NFYA gene, which encodes a positive regulator of amelogenin, there is an E-box element that is conserved in rodents and other mammals. Moreover, we found that Nfya expression in serum-synchronized murine ameloblasts oscillated with a strong 24-hour rhythm. Taken together, our data support the hypothesis that the circadian clock temporally regulates enamel development.
Implications of Translating Research into Practice: A Medication Management Intervention

SUMMARY Through programs such as the Administration on Aging's Evidence-Based Prevention Initiative, researchers and practitioners are developing translational research studies seeking to implement rigorously tested, evidence-based interventions in new practice settings and evaluate the continuing effectiveness of these interventions. One such translational study is the Community-Based Medications Management Intervention (CBM Intervention), a collaborative effort to implement a medication management screening and intervention protocol in community-based waiver care management programs. The overall goals of the CBM Intervention are to implement an evidence-based medication management intervention in a California Medicaid waiver care management program, and to evaluate the effect of client-, intervention-, and organizational-level characteristics on resolving identified medication problems. This article presents the need for improved medication management in a frail, community-dwelling, older adult population and describes the CBM Intervention as an example of translating an evidence-based practice beyond its original efficacy trial in a home healthcare program into a care management program. It discusses critical factors involved in translating research into practice using a translational research framework, Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS). Our experience suggests that although implementing research into practice can positively impact client care, professional skill enhancement and organizational effectiveness, this is very challenging work requiring signification facilitation for successful outcomes.
The Impact of CBT and ACT Models Using Psychology Trainee Therapists

The present study compares the impact of individualized treatment provided by trainee therapists based on a traditional cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) model. Fourteen therapists were given initial training in CBT and ACT. Outpatients (N = 28) were randomized to either approach, with each therapist treating one client within each model, linked to a functional analysis. Clients treated within an ACT model showed better symptom improvement than the CBT clients, despite the fact that students felt initially less knowledgeable about ACT and were more fearful throughout when it was used. CBT improved client self-confidence more rapidly than ACT, and ACT improved acceptance more than CBT. Both processes predicted better outcomes; acceptance remained predictive when controlling for self-confidence but not vice versa. Overall, therapists with limited training in both models got better results with ACT and the processes of change fit with the ACT model.
A Narrowband Pulse-Echo Technique for In Vivo Ultrasonic Attenuation Estimation

The principles of a narrowband technique for pulse echo attenuation measurements are presented. Experiments are described which compare the attenuation in tissue-mimicking phantoms, measured by known methods, to the attenuation measured by the present technique. The effects of various experimental parameters on the results are investigated. The attenuation in spleens of canine models and in livers of human volunteers is presented.
Unraveling the Complexity of Critical Consciousness, Political Efficacy, and Political Action Among Marginalized Adolescents.

This research examines the complex patterns by which distinct dimensions of critical consciousness may lead marginalized adolescents toward distinct forms of political action. Structural equation modeling was applied to nationally representative data from the Civic Education Study (2,811 ninth graders; Mage = 14.6), first establishing the measurement invariance of constructs across samples of poor or working class African American and Latino/a adolescents. Perceptions of societal inequality and aspirational beliefs that society ought to be more equal differentially predicted expected voting, conventional political action, and social action-while controlling for civic achievement and with nuances between ethnic and racial groups. Contrary to hypotheses and extant scholarship, political efficacy did not mediate or moderate relations between critical reflection and disparate forms of political action.
Sequence analysis and expression of the two genes for elongation factor 1 alpha from the dimorphic yeast Candida albicans

Two Candida albicans genes that encode the protein synthesis factor elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1 alpha) were cloned by using a heterologous TEF1 probe from Mucor racemosus to screen libraries of C. albicans genomic DNA. Sequence analysis of the two clones showed that regions of DNA flanking the coding regions of the two genes were not homologous, verifying the presence of two genes, called TEF1 and TEF2, for EF-1 alpha in C. albicans. The coding regions of TEF1 and TEF2 differed by only five nucleotides and encoded identical EF-1 alpha proteins of 458 amino acids. Both genes were transcribed into mRNA in vivo, as shown by hybridization of oligonucleotide probes, which bound specifically to the 3' nontranslated regions of TEF1 and TEF2, respectively, to C. albicans total RNA in Northern (RNA) blot analysis. The predicted EF-1 alpha protein of C. albicans was more similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae EF-1 alpha than to M. racemosus EF-1 alpha. Furthermore, codon bias and the promoter and termination signals of the C. albicans EF-1 alpha proteins were remarkably similar to those of S. cerevisiae EF-1 alpha. Taken together, these results suggest that C. albicans is more closely related to the ascomycete S. cerevisiae than to the zygomycete M. racemosus.