Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic And Evolutionary Characteristics Of Aggressive Pituitary Adenomas : About 14 Cases Aem Haddam ,

Pituitary adenomas define a group of slowly growing tumors, developed at the expense of the anterior pituitary. They account for 10-15% of all intracranial neoplasms. Mostly benign, processing and its attendant monitoring are part of a surgical resection and / or specific medical treatment, which generally pose few problems in current practice. A significant number of pituitary tumors, 25-55% depending on the criteria used, can show signs of invasion of dura, bone and/or surrounding anatomical structures . However, these so-called ‘invasive' pituitary adenomas display benign behavior even in the presence of marked dural invasion and are not considered malignant by current definition. Truly malignant pituitary tumors (pituitary carcinomas) are only defined by the presence of cerebrospinal or systemic metastases and are exceedingly rare, with an incidence of 0.2% of symptomatic pituitary tumors . The so-called ‘aggressive' adenomas lie between benign adenomas and malignant pituitary carcinomas and display a rather distinct clinical behavior with marked/gross invasion of nearby anatomical structures and a tendency towards resistance to conventional treatments and early postoperative recurrence . The objective of our study is to report the clinical, paraclinical and evolutionary characteristics of atypical pituitary adenomas observed in our practice.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Situs Inversus Totalis

Situs inversus totalis is a rare defect with genetic predisposition that may present difficulties in the diagnosis and management of abdominal pathology due to mirror-image anatomy. Occasionally, these patients may present with acute cholecystitis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard treatment for symptomatic cholelithiasis; however, the technique has to be varied for the treatment of situs inversus totalis. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case in Saudi Arabia of a successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a patient with situs inversus totalis. The technique is presented and the pitfalls are discussed with a review of the relevant literature.
Cognitive Remediation Therapy for Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa—Treatment Satisfaction and the Perception of Change

Cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) has recently been developed for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). It focuses on decreasing rigid cognitions and behaviors, as well as increasing central coherence. Overall, CRT has been proven feasible for young individuals with AN, but little is known regarding the specifics of its feasibility, and the perception of change associated with the intervention. Consequently, the aim of the current study was to explore service users’ perspective on CRT with a specific focus on treatment delivery, treatment content, and perceived change. Twenty adolescents (age 13–18) with AN participated in a 10-session course of CRT. A 20-item treatment evaluation questionnaire was administered at the end of treatment, focusing on four aspects of the intervention: (1) general attitudes towards treatment, (2) treatment specifics, (3) the perception of change and (4) the patient-therapist relation. The main findings suggest high levels of treatment satisfaction, but somewhat limited perceptions of change. The current study is one of the most detailed accounts of adolescents’ perspective on CRT published on eating disorders, and highlights several important aspects of the treatment viewed through the eye of the receiver.
The complexities of defining atopy in severe childhood asthma

Background Defining atopy in children with severe, therapy‐resistant asthma is complex. There is currently no gold standard test; both skin prick testing (SPT) and allergen‐specific IgE (sIgE) are used. Furthermore, atopy is increasingly considered to be a spectrum, not an all‐or‐none phenomenon.
Extending Java for heterogeneous embedded system description

This paper introduces Machine Java, a framework of classes for the Java programming language that enable the description of software for systems with heterogeneous processing elements (such as CPUs, microcontrollers and function accelerators). Intended for the behavioural description of embedded systems, Machine Java encapsulates both the data and control aspects of computation into ‘machine’ objects that are appropriate for mapping onto architecturally diverse multiprocessors. System descriptions in Machine Java avoid the need for a separate programming language for each processing element, and makes explicit description of communications between processors unnecessary. Suitability for a wide variety of hardware platforms is enhanced by avoiding dependence on notions of shared memory or shared timing resources.
Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento: una replicación

El proposito del presente trabajo fue reevaluar el Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento en cuanto a sus propiedades de fiabilidad y validez. La traduccion al espanol y adaptacion inicial fue hecha en Espana y muestran variantes importantes respecto de la version inglesa; entre las mas significativas estan la menor cantidad de reactivos para el estudio espanol y la factorizacion de segundo y tercer orden diferente, no asi la de primer orden, que fue igual. Estos resultados mostraron una estructura factorial semejante a la reportada en la traduccion castellana y cierta superioridad en los niveles de fiabilidad, y una estructura factorial de tercer orden mas congruente con el estudio original.
Characteristics, insights, decision making, and preparation of ED triage nurses.

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to describe characteristics, insights, and decision making of expert emergency nurses practicing in a triage environment. METHODS A qualitative, descriptive study design was used. A purposive sample of 10 expert nurses from 2 midwestern emergency departments was recruited for 2 separate focus groups. After transcribing from audiotapes, the data were collapsed to reflect the responses of participants from each focus group to each of the 6 questions asked. RESULTS A variety of themes emerged from the data to describe the decision-making characteristics of triage nurses from the perspective of the expert emergency nurse. DISCUSSION Expert triage nurses discussed the characteristics that they deemed important in themselves and in those they worked with, such as intuition, assessment abilities, good communication, and critical thinking. The participants strongly verbalized the need for more formal education and emergency nursing experience for new triage nurses. Positive reinforcement from management for timely and accurate decision making was also an important topic.
Ant Colony Classification for Analysis of Image Features in Breast Thermograms

A whirlpool bath assembly with a recirculation pump fed from the bath by a suction pipe and then to venturi jet units through by system feed pipes. Further air pipes feed the venturi jet units. A drain-off valve connects the pump through a drain pipe to a waste-water drain. All the units forming the assembly are constructed so as to provide a gravity drain-off into the bath and drain pipe. This is done by ensuring that height of the surfaces over which drain-off water flows when the assembly is inoperative reduce continuously without forming any water retaining recesses.
La financiación de las actividades de investigación, desarrollo e innovación: una revisión de la evidencia sobre el impacto de las ayudas públicas

Existe un amplio consenso sobre la importancia de las actividades de I+D+i para el crecimiento economico. Sin embargo, el desarrollo de estas actividades por parte de las empresas no esta exento de dificultades, especialmente aquellas relacionadas con la busqueda de financiacion. En este estudio se realiza una revision de los principales trabajos empiricos que analizan las restricciones financieras de los proyectos innovadores y el impacto de las ayudas publicas en su intento de incrementar el nivel de inversion empresarial en actividades de I+D+i, prestando una especial atencion al caso espanol.
Eating in response to hunger and satiety signals is related to BMI in a nationwide sample of 1601 mid-age New Zealand women

Abstract Objective To examine the association between eating in response to hunger and satiety signals (intuitive eating) and BMI. A second objective was to determine whether the hypothesized higher BMI in less intuitive eaters could be explained by the intake of specific foods, speed of eating or binge eating. Design Cross-sectional survey. Participants were randomly selected from a nationally representative sampling frame. Eating in response to hunger and satiety signals (termed ‘intuitive eating’), self-reported height and weight, frequency of binge eating, speed of eating and usual intakes of fruits, vegetables and selected high-fat and/or high-sugar foods were measured. Setting Nationwide study, New Zealand. Subjects Women (n 2500) aged 40–50 years randomly selected from New Zealand electoral rolls, including Māori rolls (66 % response rate; n 1601). Results Intuitive Eating Scale (IES) scores were significantly associated with BMI in an inverse direction, after adjusting for potential confounding variables. When controlling for confounding variables, as well as potential mediators, the inverse association between intuitive eating (potential range of IES score: 21–105) and BMI was only slightly attenuated and remained statistically significant (5·1 % decrease in BMI for every 10-unit increase in intuitive eating; 95 % CI 4·2, 6·1 %; P < 0·0 0 1). The relationship between intuitive eating and BMI was partially mediated by frequency of binge eating. Conclusions Eating in response to hunger and satiety signals is strongly associated with lower BMI in mid-age women. The direction of causality needs to be investigated in longitudinal studies and randomized controlled trials.
Accumulation of 10 Fluoroquinolones by Wild-Type or Efflux Mutant Streptococcus pneumoniae

ABSTRACT A method for measuring fluoroquinolone accumulation by Streptococcus pneumoniae was rigorously examined. The accumulation of ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, grepafloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, sitafloxacin, and trovafloxacin in the presence and absence of either carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl-hydrazone (CCCP) or reserpine was determined for two wild-type fluoroquinolone-susceptible capsulated S. pneumoniae strains (M3 and M4) and the noncapsulated strain R6. Two efflux mutants, R6N (which overexpresses PmrA) and a mutant of M4, M22 (no expression of PmrA), were also examined. Essentially, the fluoroquinolones fell into two groups. (i) One group consisting of ciprofloxacin, grepafloxacin, and norfloxacin accumulated to 72 to 92 ng/mg (dry weight) of cells in all strains. (ii) The remainder of the agents accumulated to 3 to 30 ng/mg (dry weight) of cells. With a decrease in hydrophobicity, there was a decrease in the concentration accumulated. With an increase in the molecular weight of the free form of each agent, there was also a decrease in the concentration accumulated. The strains differed in their responses to reserpine and CCCP. For the three fluoroquinolone-susceptible strains, only reserpine had a significant effect upon accumulation of moxifloxacin and clinafloxacin by M3 and showed no effect for the other agents and strains. For M3 and M4, CCCP enhanced the concentration of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin accumulated, whereas for R6, the effect was only statistically significant for ofloxacin. Efflux mutant M22 accumulated less ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and ofloxacin than M4 did. M22 accumulated more norfloxacin than M4 did. Reserpine and CCCP had variable effects as for the other strains. Differences in the accumulation of fluoroquinolones by R6 and R6N were highly dependent upon growth phase, and only for norfloxacin was there a significant difference between two strains.
The Social Network Position of Lead Users

The field of lead user research has seen a great deal of attention from academics and practitioners alike. However, we still lack a full understanding of the nature of users with high potential for innovation. In this paper, we employ a social network perspective on lead users. Increasing the realism of our research in three empirical studies with different empirical settings and methods, we provide robust evidence that lead users have a distinctive social network position: They exhibit an unusually high level of “betweenness centrality,” meaning that they are positioned as bridges between different social groups. This finding has two major implications for lead user theory. First, it consolidates seminal conceptual work on lead users and their embeddedness in social networks. And second, the findings extend and validate prior work on the social network perspective of lead users by combining theoretical insights from cognitive psychology, research on creativity, and network theory. As the social network positions of individuals can be mapped quickly and at low cost with modern Web mining tools, our findings may point to a new and readily applicable approach for the efficient and effective identification of lead users in real-life projects, an aspect that is usually emphasized as the most crucial activity in lead user projects.
Apparent Slip of Newtonian Fluids Past Adsorbed Polymer Layers

We show unexpected drag reduction as solvent flows past polymer-coated surfaces in solution. Adsorbed polymer layers of two types, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) homopolymers in deionized water and poly(vinylpyridine)−polybutadiene diblock copolymers (PVP−PB) in tetradecane, were placed at variable spacings larger than twice the layer thickness within a modified surface forces apparatus, and the hydrodynamic forces owing to flow of solvent past these layers were measured as a function of surface spacing, pumping frequency, and pumping velocity (product of frequency and amplitude). When the flow rate was below a critical level, which depended on the system, the findings agreed with a simple hydrodynamic picture in which the solvent appeared to flow past surfaces of defined spacing, the solid−solid spacing less twice the “hydrodyamic radius” (RH). The value of RH was not always constant, however. In the PVA system it tripled as frequency was raised from 1 to 50 Hz though it was frequency-independent in the PVP−P.
Altered respiratory response to substance P in capsaicin‐treated rats

The present investigation sought to examine the importance of substance P in the altered respiratory activity after neonatal capsaicin administration. Halothaneanesthetized adult rats given capsaicin neonatally exhibit a decreased basal minute ventilation with PaCO2 equal to and PaO2 greater than vehicle injected controls. In addition, the minute ventilation‐PaCO2 curve was displaced to the right. Acute bilateral cervical vagotomy severely blunted the minute ventilation response to PaCO2 and abolished the differences in ventilation between capsaicin treated and control rats. Neonatal capsaicin significantly reduced pons‐medulla substance P content but not TRH, serotonin or 5‐hydroxyindole acetic acid. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that substance P fibers of the trigeminal spinal nucleus were the most severely affected in the brain stem and that substance P fibers in the lung were totally absent.
An Overview of Trichotillomania and Its Response to Treatment with Quetiapine

Abstract There is a lack of consensus about the pharmacological agent of choice to treat trichotillomania and which rating scales are best suited to measure the clinical severity and improvement of this condition. This overview summarizes the historical background, etiology, diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, course, prognosis, and various pharmacological treatments of trichotillomania. The case report describes a favorable clinical response of a 33-year-old female veteran with trichotillomania to the atypical antipsychotic quetiapine. It also provides data from the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Hair Pulling Scale, a 7-item self-report scale that monitors symptom severity and treatment progress.
Dominant-Negative Modification Reveals the Regulatory Function of the Multimeric Cysteine Synthase Protein Complex in Transgenic Tobacco[W]

Cys synthesis in plants constitutes the entry of reduced sulfur from assimilatory sulfate reduction into metabolism. The catalyzing enzymes serine acetyltransferase (SAT) and O-acetylserine (OAS) thiol lyase (OAS-TL) reversibly form the heterooligomeric Cys synthase complex (CSC). Dominant-negative mutation of the CSC showed the crucial function for the regulation of Cys biosynthesis in vivo. An Arabidopsis thaliana SAT was overexpressed in the cytosol of transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants in either enzymatically active or inactive forms that were both shown to interact efficiently with endogenous tobacco OAS-TL proteins. Active SAT expression resulted in a 40-fold increase in SAT activity and strong increases in the reaction intermediate OAS as well as Cys, glutathione, Met, and total sulfur contents. However, inactive SAT expression produced much greater enhancing effects, including 30-fold increased Cys levels, attributable, apparently, to the competition of inactive transgenic SAT with endogenous tobacco SAT for binding to OAS-TL. Expression levels of tobacco SAT and OAS-TL remained unaffected. Flux control coefficients suggested that the accumulation of OAS and Cys in both types of transgenic plants was accomplished by different mechanisms. These data provide evidence that the CSC and its subcellular compartmentation play a crucial role in the control of Cys biosynthesis, a unique function for a plant metabolic protein complex.
Effects of individual housing design and size on behavior and stress indicators of special-fed Holstein veal calves.

The objectives of this study were to determine effects of housing design (calves tethered in open stalls vs untethered in individual pens) and widths of 56, 66, and 76 cm (2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments) on indicators of stress and behavior in special-fed veal calves. Three production cycles (groups) were used, each with 36 Holstein bull calves. Calves (n = 108) were randomly allotted to treatments upon arrival at the facility. Blood samples were collected four times (wk 4, 9, 13, and 18) during the 18-wk production cycle. Blood serum values for cortisol and alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) exhibited few treatment differences. Blood leukocyte differential counts at 4 and 18 wk (segmented neutrophils [N], banded neutrophils, lymphocytes [L], basophils, and the N:L ratio) were not different (P > .05) among housing designs or widths. However, there were differences (P < .05) in monocytes and eosinophils during the 28-d period after arrival; calves in stalls 76 cm wide had the greatest percentage of both leukocytes, and calves in the 66-cm stalls had the lowest monocyte percentage. Calves were recorded on videotape during wk 4, 13.5, and 18 to determine frequencies and durations of postures and behaviors (e.g., lying, standing, chewing, tongue playing, grooming, and investigative activities). There were no consistent differences (P > .05) in postures or behaviors among calves in different housing designs or widths. Calves spent approximately 71 and 31% in lying and standing positions, with no preference for the right or left side while recumbent. There was a tendency for calves in wider stalls or pens at wk 9 and 18 to exhibit more self-grooming activities. Tongue playing and investigative and chewing activities were exhibited in all treatments, but no differences (P > .05) were observed. However, calves housed in the 56-cm pens displayed difficulty in changing from lying to a standing position and were unable to extend one or more legs while recumbent. Even though there were few differences in behavioral, physiological, growth, or anatomical traits in this study, further increases in age and(or) weight of finished calves will require a reassessment of the appropriateness of individual veal calf housing design and dimensions.
Prospective follow-up oral food challenge in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome

Objectives: To determine tolerance rates to cow’s milk and soy and to suggest guidelines for follow-up oral food challenges (FU-OFCs) in infantile food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). Methods: The authors analysed the data of 23 patients with infantile FPIES who underwent two or more FU-OFCs and were followed up until over 2 years of age. The first FU-OFCs were performed at 6 months of age, and patients were randomly allocated to cow’s milk (n = 11) or soy (n = 12) challenge starting groups. Second and third FU-OFCs were performed at 2-month intervals in a crossed and switched-over manner. Results: Tolerance rates to cow’s milk and soy were 27.3% and 75.0% at 6 months of age, 41.7% and 90.9% at 8 months and 63.6% and 91.7% at 10 months, respectively. Patients outgrew cow’s milk and soy intolerance at age 20 and 14 months. Conclusions: In infantile FPIES, the first FU-OFC should be performed with soy at 6–8 months of age and cow’s milk FU-OFC should be conducted at over 12 months of age. Infants with FPIES were observed to outgrow food sensitivities during the first 2 years of life.
Antibodies against MERS Coronavirus in Dromedary Camels, Kenya, 1992–2013

Dromedary camels are a putative source for human infections with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. We showed that camels sampled in different regions in Kenya during 1992–2013 have antibodies against this virus. High densities of camel populations correlated with increased seropositivity and might be a factor in predicting long-term virus maintenance.
How can second-stage management prevent perineal trauma? Critical review.

OBJECTIVE To learn which factors influencing perineal integrity were modifiable by physicians and pregnant women. DATA SOURCES Medical, nursing, and midwifery literature was searched mainly for randomized controlled trials. STUDY SELECTION We chose articles on perineal trauma pattern, sexual dysfunction or satisfaction, urinary incontinence, and pelvic floor function. We identified 80 papers and studied 16 in detail. SYNTHESIS Five factors affected perineal integrity: episiotomy, third-trimester perineal massage, mother's position in second-stage labour, method of pushing, and administration of epidural analgesia. Episiotomy does not improve perineal outcomes when used routinely. Third-trimester perineal massage was discussed only in inadequate studies. Studies comparing position in birth chairs and recumbent versus upright positions were inadequate for making firm recommendations. Studies of methods of pushing and use of epidural analgesia were limited and uncontrolled; no recommendations were possible. CONCLUSION Only limiting episiotomy can be strongly recommended. In the absence of strong data to the contrary, women should be encouraged to engage in perineal massage if they wish and to adopt the birth positions of their choice. Caretakers should be aware of the possibility of interfering with placental function when women hold their breath for a long time when pushing.