Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SEXUAL SATISFACTION AND ITS RELATION TO MARITAL HAPPINESS IN IRANIANS

Background: Marital satisfaction is affected by many factors. Satisfaction with one's sexual life tends to be a pivotal factor in marital satisfaction. In Iran, Socio-cultural and political limitations are obstacles for sexuality-related studies, therefore, insufficient information is available in the area. Unique in its own, in this paper we report how sexual relationships relate to marital satisfaction among Iranians. Methods: This descriptive-correlation study was conducted in 2007 in Tehran, continuous sampling was used to recruit 292 married men, and women aged 19-58 yr from selected hospitals in Tehran while visiting their hospitalized relatives. Sometimes the participants were couple too. Three questionnaires were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (x 2 ، Fisher and Anova) with SPSS. Results: Marital satisfaction significantly relates to sexual satisfaction (P= 0/00). There was also a significant relation between sexual satisfaction and the following variables: age difference of couples (P= 0.04), length of marital life (P= 0.05), and a drug abused participant (P= 0.007). Of these variables, only the age difference of couples significantly relates to marital satisfaction (0.00). Conclusion: Findings suggest that sexual satisfaction plays a seminal role in marital satisfaction of Iranians. Therefore, we need to develop culturally appropriate practical strategies to improve Iranian couples’ awareness in sexuality issues as well as training them in communication skills through their sexual encounters.
Psychiatric illnesses among Dalit Nepalese population

Background Nepalese population includes a wide variety of ethnic groups namely, the Brahmin, Chettri, Dalit, Gurung, Newar, Puns, Magar Dalits population in Nepal are a traditionally victimised, underprivileged community who have been obliged to lag at the base of the public constitution in Nepal. Dalits Nepalese has poor income, education and other human development indicators. They are often landless and much poorer than the dominant caste population like the Brahmins, chetris, newars. The main objective of the study was to find out the commonest psychiatric disorder found in the poor Dalit Nepalese population in western development region of Nepal for which hospitalization is required. Method The study was a cross sectional study carried out between 1st October- 31st March 2010 at Psychiatric ward in Manipal Teaching hospital. The diagnosis of the disease was based on ICD-10 (Tenth revision) Classification of mental and behavioral disorders, Diagnostic Criteria for Research. Results Among all the psychiatric diseases Schizophrenia, Schizotypal and Delusion Disorders 30.6% was the commonest disease seen in the Dalit Population followed by Mental and behavioral disorder due to Psychoactive Substance abuse 20.8%. Psychiatric diseases were more common in male patients 52.8%. 87.5% of the cases were <40 yrs of age, 72.2% of the patients were Hindus by religion followed by Christian 27.8%. 87.5% of the patients were unemployed and 84.7% of the patients were having monthly income <10000/month. 45.8% of the patients were students followed by housewife 34.7%. Mental and behavioural disorder due to Psychoactive Substance abuse F10-19 was found more prevalent in males [OR 8.320,95%(CI(1.717, 40.311)] as compared to female patients among the Dalit patients Conclusion Among the low socio-economic class Dalits Schizophrenia was the commonest psychiatric disorder followed by Mental and behavioral disorder due to Psychoactive Substance abuse. Psychiatric illnesses are mediated by poverty, unemployment and dearth of family income which leads to psychiatric illness among dalit Nepalese population. Interventions should target these factors to minimise the load of various psychiatric illness among poor Dalit Nepalese population. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/nje.v4i3. 10667 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2014; 4(3): 370-377
Mood and interpersonal functioning in heavy smokers

Male and female adult heavy smokers (n = 96) and non‐smokers (n = 123) were compared on the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS), Adult Attachment Scale (AAS), Fear of Intimacy Scale (FIS), Negative Mood Regulation (NMR) Scale and Affect Intensity Measure (AIM). Compared with non‐smokers, smokers scored significantly higher on DASS‐Stress, DASS‐Anxiety, and DASS‐Depression, and significantly lower on NMR, AAS‐Depend and AAS‐Close. Smokers also scored marginally higher on FIS. Results suggest mood and relationship dysfunction in smokers, similar to the findings of a previous investigation of detoxified inpatients undergoing treatment for substance (alcohol, heroin, or methamphetamine) dependence.
The Story of the Youth Club Dr

As a case study, young people visiting youth clubs and similar meeting places in a local council in northern Sweden, was explored in terms of place, space and activities of the club or meeting places and discussed in the perspective of social and cultural transformation. To collect data over a 6-month period, several visits were carried out to the youth clubs and similar meeting places. During the visits, notes and photographs were taken of the physical environment of the clubs. As a theoretical framework, theories of citizenship were used. The following questions are of special interest: where are these meeting places located; what kind of visitors do they attract; what kind of activities do they offer; how do visitors use the space and what kind of citizenship do they support? The results of the study show first that these places are more attractive to boys than to girls. Second, youth clubs and similar meeting places offer many activities for both boys and girls, which are used in a traditional female or male context. Third, those who visit youth clubs and similar meeting places at their leisure time are offered the opportunity of taking an active role in their transition to citizenship.
Anomalies in Seismic Wave Velocity and Attenuation Associated with a Deep Earthquake Zone(2)

A travel time study of P and S waves from both near and distant deep earthquakes indicates the appreciable anomalies in wave velocities which seem to be associated with the inclined seismic layer extending from the earth's surface near the Japan-Kurile Trench to a depth of several hundred kilometers under the Seas of Japan and Okhotsk. This layer transmits seismic waves with higher velocity and smaller attenuation as compared with the adjacent portion of the upper mantle at comparable depths. A rough estimate of the velocity difference between the two portions of the upper mantle is 6% for both P and S waves. This fact may be important in the discussion of the composition, state, and processes occurring in the upper mantle.
The young active binary star EK Draconis

EK Dra (HD 129333) is a young, active, nearby star that is orbited by a low mass companion. By combining new speckle observations with old and new radial velocity measurements we find that the orbit is highly eccentric with e = 0.82 ± 0.03, and we derive the true masses of both components. The masses are 0.9 ± 0.1 Mand 0.5 ± 0.1 M� , for the primary and secondary, respectively. From high resolution spectra we derive a new Teff of 5700 ± 70 K and a log g of 4.37 ± 0.10, which is different to previous estimates. However, the new spectroscopic distance differs by only 5.8% to the distance derived by parallax measurement by the Hipparcos satellite and thus the stellar parameters are presumably more realistic than older determinations. We derive a somewhat higher value for the metallicity of (Fe/H) = −0.16 ± 0.07. EK Dra turns out to be one of the few nearby young stars that will evolve similarly to the Sun. The precise radial velocity measurements taken in the course of this program also allow us to shed more light on the activity of this star. In 2001 and 2002 we find radial velocity variation with a period of 2.767 ± 0.005 days which we interpret as the rotation period. This signal vanishes in 2003. However the signal can be recovered if only the spectra in which the photospheric lines are asymmetric are used. On the other hand, we do not find a close correlation between the asymmetry of photospheric lines and the radial velocity.
Applications of stochastic simulation in two-stage multiple comparisons with the best problem and time average variance constant estimation

APPLICATIONS OF STOCHASTIC SIMULATION IN TWO-STAGE MULTIPLE COMPARISONS WITH THE BEST PROBLEM AND TIME AVERAGE VARIANCE CONSTANT ESTIMATION by Dibyendu Chakrabarti In this dissertation, we study two problems. In the first part, we consider the two-stage methods for comparing alternatives using simulation. Suppose there are a finite number of alternatives to compare, with each alternative having an unknown parameter that is the basis for comparison. The parameters are to be estimated using simulation, where the alternatives are simulated independently. We develop two-stage selection and multiple-comparison procedures for simulations under a general framework. The assumptions are that each alternative has a parameter estimation process that satisfies a randomtime-change central limit theorem (CLT), and there is a weakly consistent variance estimator (WCVE) for the variance constant appearing in the CLT. The framework encompasses comparing means of independent populations, functions of means, and steady-state means. One problem we consider of considerable practical interest and not handled in previous work on two-stage multiple-comparison procedures is comparing quantiles of alternative populations. We establish the asymptotic validity of our procedures as the prescribed width of the confidence intervals or indifference-zone parameter shrinks to zero. Also, for the steady-state simulation context, we compare our procedures based on WCVEs with techniques that instead use standardized time series methods. In the second part, we propose a new technique of estimating the variance parameter of a wide variety of stochastic processes. This new technique is better than the existing techniques for some standard stochastic processes in terms of bias and variance properties, since it reduces bias at the cost of no significant increase in variance. APPLICATIONS OF STOCHASTIC SIMULATION IN TWO-STAGE MULTIPLE COMPARISONS WITH THE BEST PROBLEM AND TIME AVERAGE VARIANCE CONSTANT ESTIMATION by Dibyendu Chakrabarti A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of New Jersey Institute of Technology in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science Department of Computer Science, NJIT
Spoken language-mediated anticipatory eye- movements are modulated by reading ability - Evidence from Indian low and high literates

We investigated whether levels of reading ability attained through formal literacy are related to anticipatory language-mediated eye movements. Indian low and high literates listened to simple spoken sentences containing a target word (e.g., "door") while at the same time looking at a visual display of four objects (a target, i.e. the door, and three distractors). The spoken sentences were constructed in such a way that participants could use semantic, associative, and syntactic information from adjectives and particles (preceding the critical noun) to anticipate the visual target objects. High literates started to shift their eye gaze to the target objects well before target word onset. In the low literacy group this shift of eye gaze occurred only when the target noun (i.e. "door") was heard, more than a second later. Our findings suggest that formal literacy may be important for the fine-tuning of languagemediated anticipatory mechanisms, abilities which proficient language users can then exploit for other cognitive activities such as spoken language-mediated eye gaze. In the conclusion, we discuss three potential mechanisms of how reading acquisition and practice may contribute to the differences in predictive spoken language processing between low and high literates.
Study of Nanomaterials under High Pressure

A simple theory is proposed to predict the effect of pressure for study of volume expansion of nanomaterials. Different possible forms of equation of state are discussed with their correlations. Only two input parameters, namely, the bulk modulus and its first pressure derivative, are required for calculations. We have considered a wide variety of nanomaterials, such as, CdSe (4.2 nm), Fe-Cu (14 nm), y-Al2O3 (67 nm), y-Al2O3 (37 nm), Ni (20 nm), Fe (10 nm), CeO2 (cubic Fluorite phase) (15 nm), CeO2 (Orthorhombic Phase) (15 nm), CuO (24 nm) and TiO2 (rutile phase) (10 nm) to analyze the effect of pressure on them. The theoretical predictions for the given nanomaterials agree with the experimental results and the other theoretical models.
Microplankton composition off NW Iberia at the end of the upwelling season: source areas of harmful dinoflagellate blooms

The Rias Baixas of Galicia are 4 bays on the NW Iberia Peninsula that experience harmful dinoflagellate blooms toward the end of the upwelling season, in late summer to early autumn. In order to identify the source areas of initial bloom populations, we studied the hydrographic regime and the microplankton composition in the NW Iberian margin at the end of summer 1991. Three distinctive oceanographic features were recognised as possible sources of initial populations: (1) the onset of a northward stream, the Iberian Poleward Current (IPC), which can transport seed populations to the region; (2) a subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM); and (3) weak upwelling at the coast, which can promote the growth of dinoflagellates. While the SCM held populations of the small dinoflagellates Heterocapsa niei and Prorocentrum minimum, larger dinoflagellates Prorocentrum micans, Dinophysis acuminata, Gymnodinium catenatum and the raphidophycean Heterosigma akashiwo, which habitually form blooms in the Rias Baixas, were only found in upwelled coastal waters, mostly off the Rias. These species occurred with a microplankton assemblage composed of other large dinoflagellates and diatoms, which is characteristic of the final summer upwelling events in the Rias. It is hypothesised that the Rias Baixas can be both the source and the target of harmful dinoflagellate blooms. Summer upwelling, through cyst resuspension and subsequent germination in the nearby stratified waters, would provide the initial populations. Downwelling, which promotes the accumulation of dinoflagellates in the interior of the Rias, would ensure blooms and hence replenish the sediments with new cysts.
Comparing Guessing Games with homogeneous and heterogeneous players: Experimental results and a CH explanation

We investigate the decisions of individuals in simple and complex environments. We use a version of the Guessing Game (Beauty-contest Game) as a vehicle for our investigation, employing mathematically talented students. We find that our subjects think in complex environments more carefully before making decisions. We rationalize our findings using the Cognitive Hierarchy (CH) model proposed by Camerer, Ho, and Chong (2002). We relate our results to the emerging literature on the decision making of collective actors.
Factors influencing quality of behaviour support plans and the impact of plan quality on restrictive intervention use

Background: The quality and effectiveness of the support provided to people with disability who show challenging behaviour can be influenced by the design and content of their behaviour support plans (BSPs). This study examined some of the factors that might influence the quality of behaviour support plans and the impact of quality of BSPs on the use of restrictive intervention. Method: An audit of the quality of a sample of BSPs submitted to the Senior Practitioner in Victoria in the years 2009 and 2010 was conducted using the Behavior Support Plan Quality Evaluation, 2nd Edition (BSP-QE II). Results: Factors found to positively influence quality of BSPs included: involvement of behaviour consultants and involvement of clinicians from the Office of the Senior Practitioner (Office). Overall quality of plans was also negatively related to restrictive intervention use over time. Conclusions: The findings support the need for behaviour intervention and provision of clinical support. The findings also provide tentative support for the notion that the inclusion of evidence-based quality components into behaviour support plan formats may reduce the use of restrictive interventions.
Homomorphisms between mapping class groups

Suppose that X and Y are surfaces of nite topologi- cal type, where X has genus g 6 and Y has genus at most 2g 1; in addition, suppose that Y is not closed if it has genus 2g 1. Our main result asserts that every non-trivial homomorphism Map(X)! Map(Y ) is induced by an embedding, i.e. a combina- tion of forgetting punctures, deleting boundary components and subsurface embeddings. In particular, if X has no boundary then every non-trivial endomorphism Map(X)! Map(X) is in fact an isomorphism. As an application of our main theorem we obtain that, under the same hypotheses on genus, if X and Y have nite analytic type then every non-constant holomorphic mapM(X)! M(Y ) between the corresponding moduli spaces is a forgetful map. In particular, there are no such holomorphic maps unless X and Y have the same genus and Y has at most as many marked points as X.
Determinants of E-Government Development: Some Methodological Issues

Previous papers that have attempted to analyze the determinant factors of the implementation of e-government present serious limitations owing to multicollinearity and endogeneity problems. In this line, the aim of this paper is to analyze the factors which promote the development of the electronic administration in the national governments of 192 countries worldwide by simultaneous equations in order to overcome the cited problems. Our findings emphasize that there is a bidirectional relation between government effectiveness and the sophisticated online presence of the administration. Surprisingly, countries with higher economic and political resources available do not necessarily show greater e-government development than others.
Scattering Behaviour of Saline Soils from Gujarat State at 5.3 GHz Frequency

This study presents experimental measurements of complex dielectric constant at C-band microwave frequency of dry and moist saline soils collected from Dandi (Dist. Navsari) site of Gujarat state (India). An automated microwave set-up tuned at 5.3 GHz frequency is used for this purpose. Measured values of dielectric constant are then used to estimate the scattering coefficient by using perturbation model. Our results indicate relatively lower rate of increase in e' and order of magnitude higher values of e'' for these saline soils when their gravimetric MC is changed from 10 to 30% than that reported for non-saline soils by earlier researchers. Further, at constant value of MC, scattering coefficient of soil sample also increases with increase in the incident angle for vertical polarization, and this increase continues up to angles between 60o to 70o, at which it reaches maximum value and beyond this, it decreases sharply. Further, for vertical and horizontal polarizations, at constant value of incident angle, our results indicate relatively lower rate of increase in scattering coefficient values for saline soils than reported earlier for non-saline soils when gravimetric MC is changed from 10 to 20%. This data is very useful in understanding dielectric behaviour of saline soils and also for designing the active sensors for these soils.
Tax News Shocks and Consumption

How predictable are personal income tax rates in the U.S., and does household spending respond to news about future taxes even before the rates change? To answer these questions, this paper uses novel historical high-frequency data of tax-exempt municipal bonds and develops a model of the term structure of municipal yield spreads to taxable bonds as a function of future top income tax rates and a risk premium. Testing the model using the presidential elections of 1980, 1992 and 2000 shows that financial markets forecast future tax reforms remarkably well in both the short and long run. Combining these market-based tax expectations or "tax news shocks'' with data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey shows strong evidence of anticipation effects to future tax changes among higher-income consumers, well before the tax rates change. Consumer spending changes about one-for-one with changes in expected lifetime tax liabilities. These findings imply that ignoring anticipation effects can substantially bias estimates of the total effect of a tax change.
A long-term multi-proxy record of varved sediments suggests climate-induced mixing-regime shift in a large hard-water lake ~5000 years ago

The long-term terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem dynamics spanning between approximately 6200 and 4800 cal BP were investigated using pollen, diatoms, pigments, charcoal, and geochemistry from varved sediments collected in a large stratified perialpine lake, Lago Grande di Avigliana, in the Italian Alps. Marked changes were detected in diatom and pigment assemblages and in sediment composition at ~4900 cal BP. Organic matter rapidly increased and diatom assemblages shifted from oligotrophic to oligo-mesotrophic planktonic assemblages suggesting that nutrients increased at that time. Because land cover, erosion, and fire frequency did not change significantly, external nutrient sources were possibly not essential in controlling the lake-ecosystem dynamics. This is also supported by redundancy analysis, which showed that variables explaining significant amounts of variance in the diatom data were not the ones related to changes in the catchment. Instead, the broad coincidence between the phytoplankton dynamics and rising lake-levels, cooler temperatures, and stronger spring winds in the northern Mediterranean borderlands possibly points to the effects of climate change on the nutrient recycling in the lake by means of the control that climate can exert on mixing depth. We hypothesize that the increased P-release rates and higher organic-matter accumulation rates, proceeded by enhanced precipitation of iron sulphides, were possibly caused by deeper and stronger mixing leading to enhanced input of nutrients from the anoxic hypolimnion into the epilimnion. Although we cannot completely rule out the influence of minor land-cover changes due to human activities, it may be hypothesized that climate-induced cumulative effects related to mixing regime and P-recycling from sediments influenced the aquatic-ecosystem dynamics.
An expert-performance perspective

This paper describes how the expert-performance perspective differs from the common-sense view of professional ability and how this approach can be applied to the study of professional interpreting. The expert-performance approach is first introduced with findings from many traditional domains of expertise, such as chess, music, medicine, and sports. Most importantly, expert performance is shown to be primarily acquired through the engagement in designed training activities, namely deliberate practice (Ericsson et <LINK "eri-r11">