Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of genotypic and phenotypic variability, heritability and genetic advance for seed yield and related agronomic traits in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes in the Northern State, Sudan

A study was conducted at Merowe Research Station Farm, Northern state of Sudan, during two successive winter seasons 2010/11 and 2011/2012. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance were determined for yield and its contributing parameters in 12 faba bean genotypes. Data were gathered on the seed yield (kg ha) and some yield related traits: days to 50% flowering, days to 90% maturity, plant height (cm), number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod and 100-seed weight (g). Analysis of variance for traits studied showed significant differences among genotypes, seasons and their interaction (P ≤ 0.01) for most of the studied traits. High phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was observed for number of pods/plant and 100 – seed weight. Medium PCV was observed for plant height and days to 50% flowering. High genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) were observed for plant height and 100 seed weight. Moderate genotypic coefficients of variation were estimated for days to 50% flowering and number of pods/plant. Phenotypic coefficient of variation values for most characters was closer to the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation values showing little environment effect on the expression of these characters. The estimated values of broad-sense heritability were found to be between 57.97% for 100 – seed weight and 1.87% for number of pods per plant. High heritability indicated that selection based on mean would be successful in improving these traits. Genetic grains that expected from selecting the top 5% of the genotypes, as a present of mean were varied from 0.65% for plant height to 8.45% for 100 – seed weight.
Acceleration the Liver Regeneration by Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Model Rabbit

In this study, we were investigating the importance of therapy of the hyperbaric oxygenon the regeneration of liver. Sixteen mature rabbits of Iraqi breed were used. The animals divided equally into two groups (control and treated). The anesthetizing of animals was done byatropine sulphate (1mg /Kg B.W) intramuscularly; as premedication and 15 minutes later a mixture of xylazine hydrochloride (20mg /Kg B.W) and Ketamine hydrochloride (40 mg /Kg B.W) are giving intramuscularly. In control group the rabbits were anesthetized and preparation the site of operation was done in the upper part of abdomen. Surgical incision made and exposure of fourth lobe of the live. The liver handling by thump forceps and the stitches was done on the lobe. Three knots were tied and we used dissecting scissors in order to cut the tied lobe just distal to the suture. After that the wall of abdomen was re approximated with a running 3-0 Polyglactinsuture, then the skin closed with a running 2-0 polyamide suture. While in treated group the same procedure that mentioned above with hyperbaric oxygen therapy was done. The clinical parameters included temperature, respiratory, and heart rates, were within acceptable limits post operatively in all animals in two groups. The intra-abdominal adhesions in different degrees of evaluations and occurred among liver, different organs and abdominal wall that more frequency in control group when compared with treated group. Histopathological Examinations was done by taken the liver biopsies on 15rd, and 30th, day postoperatively. The histopathological results of this study revealed that the liver regeneration more maturity in treated group than in control group. Keywords: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy, Liver, Rabbit, Regeneration.
Tidal features of classical Milky Way satellites in a Λ cold dark matter universe.

We use the APOSTLE (A Project Of Simulating The Local Environment) cosmological hydrodynamic simulations to examine the effects of tidal stripping on cold dark matter subhaloes that host three of the most luminous Milky Way dwarf satellite galaxies: Fornax, Sculptor and Leo I. We identify simulated satellites that match the observed spatial and kinematic distributions of stars in these galaxies, and track their evolution after infall. We find ∼30 per cent of subhaloes hosting satellites with present-day stellar mass 106–108 M⊙ experience >20 per cent stellar mass-loss after infall. Fornax analogues have earlier infall times compared to Sculptor and Leo I analogues. Star formation in Fornax analogues continues for ∼3–6 Gyr after infall, whereas Sculptor and Leo I analogues stop forming stars <2–3 Gyr after infall. Fornax analogues typically show more significant stellar mass-loss and exhibit stellar tidal tails, whereas Sculptor and Leo I analogues, which are more deeply embedded in their host dark matter haloes at infall, do not show substantial mass-loss due to tides. When additionally comparing the orbital motion of the host subaloes to the measured proper motion of Fornax, we find the matching more difficult; host subhaloes tend to have pericentres smaller than that measured for Fornax itself. From the kinematic and orbital data, we estimate that Fornax has lost 10–20 per cent of its infall stellar mass. Our best estimate for the surface brightness of a stellar tidal stream associated with Fornax is Σ ∼ 32.6 mag arcsec−2, which may be detectable with deep imaging surveys such as DES and LSST.
A-priori laboratory study of subfilter-scale models for LES over heterogeneous land surfaces

Turbulent fluxes of momentum, heat and moisture within the surface layer of the ABL are well known to be affected by surface heterogeneity (Kaimal and Finnigan, 1994). Large-eddy simulation (LES) provides invaluable insight on the effects of surface heterogeneity on regional-scale turbulent fluxes, which is guiding the development of improved parameterizations of those fluxes in large-scale weather and climate models (e.g., Bou-Zeid et al., 2004; Stoll and Porté-Agel, JP4.2). However, recent studies have shown that inhomogeneity and anisotropy of the flow at the smallest resolved and sub-filter scales hinder the performance of subfilter-scale (SFS) models used in LES of boundary layer flows over complex terrain (e.g., Bou-Zeid et al., 2005; Stoll and Porté-Agel, 2006). In order to test and improve the performance of SFS models and, in turn, of LES, a better understanding of the behavior of the SFS stresses and energy transfers (between resolved and subfilter scales) is required. The SFS stress tensor that needs to be modeled in LES is defined as
Why Doesn＇t Adversity Make Everyone Stronger？ Mediators of the Relationship Between Trait Emotion and Resilience

High levels of negative trait emotion have been shown to increase the likelihood that individuals are unable to “bounce back” from adversity. Some researchers attribute this to the intense negative emotional reactions associated with negative trait emotion. On the other hand, however, others argue that negative emotions are necessary for developing higher levels of resilience. Therefore, the question remains: What causes individuals with high levels of trait emotion to adapt poorly to adversity? This paper claimed that rumination may play an important role. Rumination has consistently been implicated as having a negative impact on resilience. Therefore, the research compared the mediating influence of negative emotions and rumination on the relationship between trait anger, trait depression, trait anxiety, and resilience. One hundred and six students from the University of York filled in measures assessing their levels of trait emotion, rumination, and resilience. They also rated their emotional reactions to several videos. Analyses indicated that higher levels of rumination partially mediated the relationship between all trait emotions and resilience. However, the emotional reactions did not have any mediating effect. The findings highlighted the negative impact of prolonged rumination on resilience. Future research should explore other cognitive mechanisms which may also account for the lower levels of resilience associated with trait emotion.
Geometry influence on the Hall effect devices performance

The influence of the geometry, via the ratio L/W of the Hall cells and the geometrical correction factor G on several figures of merit regarding Hall sensors is analyzed, namely the sensitivity, Hall Voltage and power dissipated within the device. Experimental values for the parameters of interest are given for eight different geometries integrated in CMOS technology using certain biasing currents. We discuss how these results compare with an analytical model and we propose a global optimization analysis for guiding the designer in best Hall cell dimensions selection.
Mean flow characteristics, vertical structures and bed shear stress at open channel bifurcation

Water supply from rivers is accomplished with flow diversion through an intake structure. A lateral intake like bifurcation is the simplest method to withdraw water. However, flow at a channel bifurcation is turbulent, highly three-dimensional (3D) and so has many complex features. This paper reports a 3D numerical investigation of these features in an open channel flow. Simulations have been done on rectangular channel geometry, with smooth bed and sidewalls. The standard k-ɛ, k-ω model of the Wilcox, and RSM turbulence models are compared using the commercial code FLUENT. The simulation results have been compared with available experimental data. It was found that all of the turbulence models tested here accurately predicted velocity profiles in the main channel but in the branch channel, the RSM model with the k-ω model performing better than the k-ɛ model. Predicted flow physics are in close agreement with previously reported experimental results.
Microtextures and fluid inclusions from vein minerals hosted in the Pillow Lavas of the Troodos supra-subduction zone

This study deals with microtextures and fluid inclusions from veins and vesicles hosted in the Troodos Pillow Lavas that enable a conclu-sive model for vein formation during the post-magmatic stage of the Troodos supra-subduction zone. Three different types of veins from the Upper and Lower Pillow Lavas are distinguished and imply different modes of fracturing, fluid flow, and precipitation. (1) Syntaxial calcite-, quartz-, and zeolite-bearing veins are interpreted as mineralized extension fractures that were pervaded by seawater. This advective fluid flow in an open system changed later into a closed system characterized by geochemical self-organization. (2) Blocky and (3) antitaxial fibrous calcite veins are associated with host rock brecciation due to hydrofracturing and diffusion-crystallization processes, respectively. Based on aqueous fluid inclusion chemistry with seawater salinities in all studied vein types, the representative fluid isochores crossed with minimum hydrostatic pressure conditions yield vein mineral precipitation temperatures between 180 and 210 °C at 250 bar, independently of the Pillow Lava units. This points to a heat source for the circulating seawater and implies that vein and vesicle minerals precipitated shortly after pillow lava crystallization under dominant isobaric cooling conditions. Compared to previous suggestions derived from secondary mineral parageneses, significant higher temperatures of vein formation in the Troodos Pillow Lavas are proposed.
Transforming climate model output to forecasts of wind power production: how much resolution is enough?

Wind power forecasts are useful tools for power load balancing, energy trading and wind farm operations. Long range monthly‐to‐seasonal forecasting allows the prediction of departures from average weather conditions beyond traditional weather forecast timescales, months in advance. However, it has not yet been demonstrated how these forecasts can be optimally transformed to wind power. The predictable part of a seasonal forecast is for longer monthly averages, not daily averages, but to use monthly averages misses information on variability. To investigate, here a model relating average weather conditions to average wind power output was built, based on the relationship between instantaneous wind speed and power production and incorporating fluctuations in air density due to temperature and wind speed variability. Observed monthly average power output from UK stations was used to validate the model and to investigate the optimal temporal resolution for the data used to drive the model. Multiple simulations of wind power were performed based on reanalysis data, making separate simulations based on monthly, daily and sub‐daily averages, using a distribution defined by the mean across the period to incorporate information on variability. Basing the simulation on monthly averages alone is sub‐optimal: using daily average winds gives the highest correlation against observations. No improvement over this is gained by using sub‐daily averages or including temperature variability. This signifies that to transform seasonal forecasts to wind power a compromise must be made between using the daily averages with debatable skill and the more predictable monthly averages, losing information on day‐to‐day variability.
Production of Maize Beer at a Wari Site in the Ayacucho Valley, Peru

Alcohol consumption is not just a current phenomenon; archaeological findings demonstrate that many ancient civilizations around the world also made fermented beverages from a variety of products, includ- ing maize. However, the archaeological study of ferment- ed beverages is not straightforward because the raw materials used in alcohol production are recovered only under exceptional conditions of preservation and the equipment remains are fragmentary. In this paper, our aim is to consider how ethnographical and ethnohistori- cal data may be used to better interpret the potential ar- chaeological evidence for the production of fermented beverages. Here we use as an example the Middle Hori- zon site of Marayniyoq, from the Peruvian central high- lands to discuss the production of fermented beverages.
3D surface-related multiple prediction: A sparse inversion approach

The theory of iterative surface-related multiple elimination holds for 2D as well as 3D wavefields. The 3D prediction of surface multiples, however, requires a dense and extended distribution of sources and receivers at the surface. Since current 3D marine acquisition geometries are very sparsely sampled in the crossline direction, the direct Fresnel summation of the multiple contributions, calculated for those surface positions at which a source and a receiver are present, cannot be applied without introducing severe aliasing effects. In this newly proposed method, the regular Fresnel summation is applied to the contributions in the densely sampled inline direction, but the crossline Fresnel summation is replaced with a sparse parametric inversion. With this procedure, 3D multiples can be predicted using the available input data. The proposed method is demonstrated on a 3D synthetic data set as well as on a 3D marine data set from offshore Norway.
A PROBABILISTICALLY ANALYZABLE CACHE TO ESTIMATE TIMING BOUNDS

Modern computer architectures are targeted towards speeding up the average performance of software running on it. Architectural features like: deep pipelines, branch prediction, outof-order execution, and multi-level memory hierarchies have an adverse impact on software timing prediction. Particularly, it is hard or even impossible to make an accurate estimation of the worst case execution-time (WCET) of a program or software running on a particular hardware platform. Critical real-time embedded systems (CRTESs), e.g. computing systems in aerospace require strict timing constraints to guarantee their proper operational behavior. WCET analysis is the central idea of the real-time systems development because real-time systems always need to meet their deadlines. In order to meet the deadline requirements, WCET of the real-time systems tasks must be determined, and this is only possible if the hardware architecture is time-predictable. Due to the unpredictable nature of the modern computing hardware, it is not practical to use advanced computing systems in CRTESs. The real-time systems do not need to meet high-performance requirements. The processor designed to improve average cases performance may not fit the requirements for the real-time systems due to predictability issues. Current timing analysis techniques are well established, but require detailed knowledge of the internal operations and the state of the system for both hardware and software. Lack of in-depth knowledge of the architectural operations become an obstacle for adopting the deterministic timing analysis (DTA) techniques for WCET measurement. Probabilistic timing analysis (PTA) is a technique that emerged for the timing analysis of the next-generation real-time systems. The PTA techniques reduce the extent of knowledge of a software execution platform that is needed to perform the accurate WCET estimations. In this thesis, we propose the development of a new probabilistically analyzable cache and applied PTA techniques for time-prediction. In this work, we implemented a randomized cache for MIPS32 and Leon-3 processors. We designed and implemented random placement and replacement policies, and applied probabilistic timing techniques to measure probabilistic WCET (pWCET). We also measured the level of pessimism incurred by the probabilistic techniques and compared it with the deterministic cache configuration. The WCET prediction provided by the PTA techniques is closer to the real execution-time of the program. We compared the estimates with the measurements done on the processor to help the designer to evaluate the level of pessimism introduced by the cache architecture for each probabilistic timing analysis
No Pain, No Gain: The Effects of Exports on Job Injury and Sickness

We live in a century of globalization and rising expenditures on health, but little rigorous research has been done to understand the impacts of globalization on individuals’ health. We combine Danish data on individuals’ health with Danish matched worker-firm data to understand how increases in exports by firms affect their employees’ job injuries and sickness during 1995-2006. We find that rising exports lead to higher rates of injury and sickness, mainly for women. A 10% exogenous increase in exports increases women’s chance of severe job injury by 6.35%, severe depression, 2.51%, using antithrombotic drugs, 7.70%, and hospitalizations due to heart attacks or strokes, 17.44%. Rising exports also lead to higher work efforts by both men and women: less minor sick-leave days and more total hours (regular plus over-time). During the 2007-2009 recession, Danish exports and on-the-job injuries fell significantly. An out-of-sample prediction using our estimates accounts for 12%- 62% of the actual decrease in job injury counts in this period. Finally, we develop a framework to calculate the contemporaneous welfare losses due to higher rates of multiple types of injury and sickness, and show that for the average male and female worker, the welfare loss from the adverse health outcomes is substantial but small relative to the wage gains from rising exports (4.16% for men but 18.83% for women).
Photometric properties of stellar populations in Galactic globular clusters: the role of the Mg-Al anticorrelation

We have computed low-mass stellar models and synthetic spectra for an initial chemical composition that includes the full C-N, O-Na, and Mg-Al abundance anticorrelations observed in second generation stars belonging to a number of massive Galactic globular clusters. This investigation extends a previous study that has addressed the effect of only the C-N and O-Na anticorrelations, seen in all globulars observed to date. We find that the impact of Mg-Al abundance variations at fixed [Fe/H] and Helium abundance is negligible on stellar models and isochrones (from the main sequence to the tip of the red giant branch) and bolometric corrections, when compared to the effect of C-N and O-Na variations. We identify a spectral feature at 490-520 nm, for low-mass main sequence stars, caused by MgH molecular bands. This feature has a vanishingly small effect on bolometric corrections for Johnson and Stroemgren filters that cover that spectral range. However, specific narrow-band filters able to target this wavelength region can be powerful tools to investigate the Mg-poor unevolved stars and highlight possible splittings of the MS due to variations of Mg abundances.
Associations between Shyness and Maternal and Paternal Bonds across Adolescence

Previous research has also indicated that parenting can significantly influence the development and maintenance of shyness in children. In particular, shyness in infancy has been found to be associated with a particular type of parenting. That is, the parents of shy children are overprotective, tend to control their children’s lives and to discourage their independence and autonomy [4]. The experience of such parental behaviors tends to promote and reinforce children’s shyness [5]. For example, Coplan and colleagues have found that shy children whose mothers were intrusive and controlling towards them were more likely to demonstrate internalizing problems and social dissatisfaction than shy children whose mothers were less overprotective. At the same time, they also have found that the relationship between shyness and psychological and social difficulties was significantly less evident for shy children whose mothers were more warm and supportive [6].
Trend Analysis of Climate Variability over the West Bank - East London Area, South Africa (1975-2011)

In recent years, climate change has received considerable attention by the scientific community at different scales concerning its potential impacts on Earth system processes. This study focused at local scale by analysing trends in rainfall and temperature data for the West Bank–East London area in South Africa, spanning 36 years from 1975–2011. Sen’s and Man-Kendall non-parametric tests were performed on derived mean observed rainfall and temperature data to establish trends for monthly, seasonal, annual, and 30 year (1975–2005 and 1980–2011) climatic regimes. Results revealed that, 1977 recorded the highest annual rainfall (2272.9 mm) while the month of August received the highest total rainfall (493.8 mm) in 2002, whereas it never had rain in 1995. Seasonal and annual rainfall showed statistically no significant trend (at a = 0.10) while the magnitude of change varied between 1.87 mm (January) and -1.67 mm (September) across the study period. Rainfall decreased by 13.99 mm within the two climatic regimes. On the other hand, maximum and minimum annual mean temperature experienced an increasingly statistically significant trend (at a < 0.05) at 95% confidence level. February recorded the highest mean monthly temperature (21.8 °C) while July with the lowest (12.6 °C). Seasonal mean maximum temperature trends were statistically not significant (a = 0.10) while autumn minimum temperatures revealed a statistically significant trend (at a < 0.1). However, the period 1990-1999 predominantly experienced numerous extreme events. The seasonal trends showed substantial variability across the months and years during the study period. The significance of these findings lies in the linkage of rainfall and temperature to climate change and its potential impacts on vegetation in particular and changes in the ecology in general.