Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Ridge Regression, Partial Least-Squares, Pairwise Correlation, Forward- and Best Subset Selection Methods for Prediction of Retention Indices for Aliphatic Alcohols

A quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) study based on multiple linear regression (MLR) was performed for the description and prediction of Kováts retention indices (RI) of alcohol compounds. Alcohols were of saturated, linear or branched types and contained a hydroxyl group on the primary, secondary or tertiary carbon atoms. Constitutive and weighted holistic invariant molecular (WHIM) descriptors were used to represent the structure of alcohols in the MLR models. Before the model building, five variable selection methods were applied to select the most relevant variables from a large set of descriptors, respectively. The selected molecular properties were included into the MLR models. The efficiency of the variable selection methods was also compared. The selection methods were as follows: ridge regression (RR), partial least-squares method (PLS), pair-correlation method (PCM), forward selection (FS) and best subset selection (BSS). The stability and the validity of the MLR models were tested by a cross-validation technique using a leave-n-out technique. Neither RR nor PLS selected variables were able to describe the Kováts retention index properly, and PCM gave reliable results in the description but not for prediction. We built models with good predicting ability using FS and BSS as a selection method. The most relevant variables in the description and prediction of RIs were the mean electrotopological state index, the molecular mass, and WHIM indices characterizing size and shape.
Mechanisms of Impaired Vascular Response to ANG II in Perivascular Injured Carotid Arteries of Ovariectomized Rat

The rabbit carotid artery, injured by silicone collar, presents a perivascular inflammatory response and alterations in vascular responsiveness. Considering that angiotensin II (Ang II) plays an important role in cardiovascular physiology and pathology and that cardiovascular disease increases in postmenopausal women, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the Ang II contractile response in ovariectomized rat carotid artery is modified after a vascular injury by silicone collar. The positioning of the silicone collar around the common carotid artery for 14 days leads to an increased cross-sectional area of adventitial layer with inflammatory cells and an extensive angiogenesis. The Ang II–induced contraction was significantly decreased in collared arteries when compared with contralateral arteries. The reduction in the constrictor effect of Ang II in collared arteries was not modified by the presence of indomethacin (a non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase) or PD 123,319 (a selective antagonist of the Ang II AT2 receptor). Moreover, while endothelium removal induced an increase in the Ang II responsiveness of both arteries (collared and contralateral), the Emax induced by Ang II was still lower in collared arteries. However, the “in vitro” pretreatment of the arteries with an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase enzyme (l-NAME) significantly enhanced the maximal contractions response to Ang II only in injured arteries. Furthermore, the expression of iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) was observed in the adventitial layer of collared arteries, indicating that the NO formed in the adventitial layer has an important role in injured arteries. Moreover, our data show impairment of extracellular calcium mobilization, mediated by Ang II, in the collared artery, although the intracellular calcium mobilization was not modified by the injury. In conclusion, the increased production of NO and a decrease in the calcium influx displayed by Ang II in the collared artery appears to counteract and reduce the biologic effect of Ang II.
Neuroprotective Therapies after Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury

Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is one of the main causes of disabilities in term-born infants. It is the result of a deprivation of oxygen and glucose in the neural tissue. As one of the most important causes of brain damage in the newborn period, the neonatal HI event is a devastating condition that can lead to long-term neurological deficits or even death. The pattern of this injury occurs in two phases, the first one is a primary energy failure related to the HI event and the second phase is an energy failure that takes place some hours later. Injuries that occur in response to these events are often manifested as severe cognitive and motor disturbances over time. Due to difficulties regarding the early diagnosis and treatment of HI injury, there is an increasing need to find effective therapies as new opportunities for the reduction of brain damage and its long term effects. Some of these therapies are focused on prevention of the production of reactive oxygen species, anti-inflammatory effects, anti-apoptotic interventions and in a later stage, the stimulation of neurotrophic properties in the neonatal brain which could be targeted to promote neuronal and oligodendrocyte regeneration.
Postoperative Radiotherapy for Cervix Cancer Incidentally Discovered After a Simple Hysterectomy for Either Benign Conditions or Noninvasive Pathology

Objective:Report the long-term outcome of patients who received postoperative radiotherapy for incidentally discovered cervix cancer following simple hysterectomy. Methods:We recorded tumor status, treatment complications, and survival of 25 patients treated at our institution from 1961 to 2004 with postoperative RT for invasive cervix cancer discovered following simple hysterectomy (median follow-up, 17 years). All patients had stage IA2-II squamous cell carcinoma (76%) or adenocarcinoma (24%) of the cervix. Results:One patient had an isolated vaginal-cuff recurrence and was cured long-term with salvage surgery. No patient died of cervix cancer. The actuarial rate of tumor control and relapse-free survival at 5, 10, and 20 years was 96%. One patient died of a treatment-related complication. Cause-specific survival was 100% at 5 and 10 years, but 92% at 20 years. Overall survival was 100% at 5 years, 95% at 10 years, and 62% at 20 years.The complications rate from therapy was surprising. The overall grade 2 to 5 complications rate was 36% (9 of 25). Twenty percent (5 of 25) of patients experienced grade 4 or 5 complications. Conclusions:This series demonstrates the price we pay for adding comprehensive radiotherapy to simple hysterectomy for early-stage cervix cancer. The findings support 2 recommendations: (1) Avoid postoperative radiotherapy by aggressively screening patients for invasive disease before performing simple hysterectomy. (2) Raise the threshold for delivering pelvic radiotherapy following simple hysterectomy with an incidental diagnosis of invasive cervix cancer. We recommend vaginal brachytherapy alone in patients with negative postoperative imaging, negative surgical margins, and <10 mm tumor invasion.
Differential Time- and NADPH-Dependent Inhibition of CYP2C19 by Enantiomers of Fluoxetine

Fluoxetine [±-N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[(α, α, (-trifluoro-p-tolyl)oxy]-propylamine)] a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is widely used in treating depression and other serotonin-dependent disease conditions. Racemic, (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine are potent reversible inhibitors of CYP2D6, and the racemate has been shown to be a mechanism-based inhibitor of CYP3A4. Racemic fluoxetine also demonstrates time- and concentration-dependent inhibition of CYP2C19 catalytic activity in vitro. In this study, we compared fluoxetine, its (R)- and (S)-enantiomers, ticlopidine, and S-benzylnirvanol as potential time-dependent inhibitors of human liver microsomal CYP2C19. In a reversible inhibition protocol (30 min preincubation with liver microsomes without NADPH), we found (R)-, (S)- and racemic fluoxetine to be moderate inhibitors with IC50 values of 21, 93, and 27 μM, respectively. However, when the preincubation was supplemented with NADPH, IC50 values shifted to 4.0, 3.4, and 3.0 μM, respectively resulting in IC50 shifts of 5.2-, 28-, and 9.3-fold. Ticlopidine showed a 1.8-fold shift in IC50 value, and S-benzylnirvanol shifted right (0.41-fold shift). Follow-up KI and kinact determinations with fluoxetine confirmed time-dependent inhibition [KI values of 6.5, 47, and 14 μM; kinact values of 0.023, 0.085, 0.030 min–1 for (R)-, (S)-, and racemate, respectively]. Although the (S)-isomer exhibits a much lower affinity for CYP2C19 inactivation relative to the (R)-enantiomer, it exhibits a more rapid rate of inactivation. Racemic norfluoxetine exhibited an 11-fold shift (18–1.5 μM) in IC50 value, suggesting that conversion of fluoxetine to this metabolite represents a metabolic pathway leading to time-dependent inhibition. These data provide an improved understanding of the drug-interaction potential of fluoxetine.
An anatomical variant: evaluation of accessory canals of the canalis sinuosus using cone beam computed tomography.

BACKGROUND The anatomical variation of the anterior superior alveolar nerve described as canalis sinuosus (CS) is a less known structure of anterior maxilla. Due to the fact that it contains anterior superior alveolar nerve as well as veins and arteries, exact localisation of this structure will allow surgeons to avoid complications. Hence, the aim of this study was to verify the presence, reveal the frequency and characteristics of accessory canals of CS. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was based on retrospective evaluation of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. A total of 1460 CBCT images were analysed and collected data were noted. The following parameters were recorded: age, sex, presence or absence of CS, location in relation to the adjacent teeth and impaction of canine teeth. RESULTS A total of 6668 accessory canals were found in 1460 CBCT images. Of these, 672 (46.0%) were from female patients, and 788 (54.0%) were from male patients. 1034 (70.8%) of 1460 images had at least one accessory canal of CS. Maxillary intercentral region is the area where accessory canals were seen most frequently (n = 653, 44.72%). CONCLUSIONS Canalis sinuosus is a bony canal which is incidentally found and less known structure of anterior portion of maxilla. Knowing the accessory canals deriving from this structure will allow surgeons to avoid complications and non-integration after dental implant procedures. Conventional imaging modalities have limited value in detecting this neurovascular structures. Therefore CBCT may have an important role for accurate diagnosis to reveal anatomical variations.
Chemical constituents of the red alga Laurencia tristicha

Six new sesquiterpenes, 10-hydroxy-epiaplysin (1), 10-hydroxy-aplysin (2), 10-hydroxy-debromoepiaplysin (3), aplysin-9-ene (4), epiaplysinol (5) and debromoepiaplysinol (6), together with 13 known compounds (7–19), have been isolated from the red alga Laurencia tristicha. The structures of 1–6 were determined by spectroscopic methods including IR, EI-MS, HREI-MS, and 1D and 2D NMR techniques. All compounds were obtained from this species for the first time and were tested for cytotoxic activities against several human cancer cell lines including lung adenocarcinoma (A549), stomach cancer (BGC-823), hepatoma (Bel 7402), colon cancer (HCT-8) and HeLa cell lines. Compound 6 showed selective cytotoxicity against HeLa cell line with IC50 15.5 μM, cholest-5-en-3β,7α-diol (14) was toxic to all tested cell lines with IC50 values of 16.8, 5.1, 0.5, 0.5, and 0.3 μM, respectively, and other compounds were inactive (IC50>10 μg/ml).
"But We Have To Do Something" : the drivers behind EU crisis management operations

This book explores the causes behind the EU’s recent forays into peace- and state-building operations. In the decade since the Union’s European (now Common) Security and Defence Policy (ESDP/CSDP) became operational in 2003, the EU has conducted more than 20 civilian and military operations that broadly served to either deter aggression and/or to build or strengthen the rule of law in host countries. The present book seeks to identify the drivers behind this development: what motivated EU governments to take on these responsibilities? 'The Drivers behind EU Crisis Management Operations' builds its analysis on an explicit and systematic comparison of the explanations that the major theories in the field of international relations offer. Deriving four principal propositions, it compares their respective plausibility against four case studies. This book examines the diplomatic history behind the EU military operations in Bosnia and Chad as well as the civilian missions in Kosovo and Afghanistan. In this context, it systematically reconstructs the positions of the French, British and German governments as well as the positions of other EU member states wherever the latter played a significant role in the decision-making for a given operation. 'The Drivers behind EU Crisis Management Operations' combines an original theoretical analysis with a research design that enables the reader to compare different instances of ESDP intervention, mainstream theoretical interpretations thereof, and the national approaches of crucial EU players. In focusing on the overlapping and diverging motives behind ESDP action, it analyses the intra-EU conflicts underlying these acts of foreign policy cooperation. It thereby also sheds new light on the recent achievements and constraints of EU foreign policy at a moment when the Union is visibly grappling with the question of its future international role.
Theories and models in social marketing

Theories and models for social marketing abound, with little formal consensus on which types of models for what types of social problems in what kinds of situations are most appropriate. In defining what social marketing is, many authors include the notion of exchange theory to link it to its marketing roots (e.g., Kotler & Roberto, 1989; Lefebvre & Flora, 1988; Novelli, 1990). Other writers on the subject omit any mention of exchange theory, either in their definition of social marketing or its key elements (e.g., Andreasen, 1995; Manoff, 1985). Elliott (1991), in a review of the exchange concept’s place in social marketing, concludes that “[it] is either absent or obtuse” (page 157). Added to this confusion are other authors who refer to a “social marketing theory” (Gries, Black & Coster, 1995; Tomes, 1994).
MORTALITY FROM ALL CAUSES, AND FROM ISCHAEMIC HEART DISEASE, IN THE AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL CITIES

A comparison was made of mortality from all causes, and from ischaemic heart disease, in the six Australian capital cities, for the years 1970, 1971 and 1972. Both rates were significantly higher in Brisbane and Sydney than in the other cities. Ninety per cent of the excess deaths in Brisbane men, and a large part of the excess deaths in Brisbane women and Sydney people of both sexes, were due to coronary disease. There was no relationship between either total or coronary mortality, and water softness or its magnesium content. So far these differences are unexplained.
Actin-related protein2/3 complex regulates tight junctions and terminal differentiation to promote epidermal barrier formation

Significance This study used a genetic approach to probe the function of the F-actin nucleating Arp2/3 complex in skin development. Although the Arp2/3 complex was expected to be involved in morphogenesis and cell adhesion, loss of its activity did not result in architectural problems in the epidermis. However, Arp2/3 was essential for epidermal function. We revealed two unexpected functions for the Arp2/3 complex in the epidermis that are critical for tissue physiology: tight junction assembly/function and the regulation of YAP activity. The epidermis provides an essential seal from the external environment and retains fluids within the body. To form an effective barrier, cells in the epidermis must form tight junctions and terminally differentiate into cornified envelopes. Here, we demonstrate that the branched actin nucleator, the actin-related protein (Arp)2/3 complex, is unexpectedly required for both these activities. Loss of the ArpC3 subunit of the Arp2/3 complex resulted in minimal changes in the morphogenesis and architecture of this stratified squamous epithelium, but resulted in profound defects in its physiology. Mutant embryos did not develop an effective barrier to the external environment and died within hours of birth. We discovered two underlying causes for these effects. First, ArpC3 was essential for robust assembly and function of tight junctions, specialized cell–cell adhesions that restrict water loss in the epidermis. Second, there were defects in differentiation of the epidermis and the production of cornified envelopes, structures essential for barrier activity. Underlying this defect, we found that YAP was inappropriately active not only in the ArpC3 mutant tissue, but also in cultured cells. Inhibition of YAP activity rescued the differentiation and barrier defects caused by loss of ArpC3. These results demonstrate previously unappreciated roles for the Arp2/3 complex and highlight the functions of branched actin networks in a complex tissue.
Strategy Application Test: Discriminate Validity Studies

Purpose. Having a method of testing strategy application abilities provides important information for occupational performance. The goal of the present study was to investigate the discriminate validity of a strategy application test. This test measures the ability to apply and maintain a working strategy for efficient execution of tasks. The advantages of this test are that it is standardized, short, simple to administer, and applicable to various clinical populations. Method. Five different groups of participants were studied: senior healthy people, children affected by attention***deficit hyperactivity disorder, people with multiple sclerosis or with depression and schizophrenia. All of these individuals had some frontal lobe involvement, thus suggesting possible executive dysfunction. Results. As hypothesized, the results demonstrated strategy application skill impairment in all the clinical groups, as well as a gradual decline in strategy application abilities with advanced aging. Practice Implications. These results exhibit the discriminate validity of the strategy application test and add to the accumulating evidence of executive dysfunction in these populations.
The Association of Lifestyle Factors and ADHD in Children

Objective: The objective of the study is to examine whether children aged 7 to 11 years with very well-characterized ADHD, recruited from the community, have a similar number of healthy lifestyle behaviors as compared with typically developing children from the same community. Method: Parents of children with (n = 184) and without (n = 104) ADHD completed a lifestyle questionnaire asking about water intake, sweetened beverage consumption, multivitamin/supplement use, reading, screen time, physical activity, and sleep. A lifestyle index was formed from these seven domains (0-7), and multivariable ordered logistic regression was used to examine the association of ADHD status and total healthy lifestyle behaviors. Results: Children with ADHD were almost twice as likely to have fewer healthy behaviors, even after adjustment for age, sex, intelligence quotient (IQ), ADHD medication use, household income, and four comorbid psychiatric disorders (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval] = 1.95 [1.16, 3.30], p = .01). Conclusion: Future research is needed to assess the effects of a combined lifestyle intervention in this group.
TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF SELECTED PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES OF INDIA

Technical analysis is the study of forecasting stock prices for future and is aimed to generate returns. Financial analyst decides the time of entry and exit in the security market. Technical analysis relates to factors affecting the supply and demand of stocks. It helps us in understanding the true value of shares and in knowing whether the shares are undervalued or overvalued. Technical analysis market indicators would help the investor to identify major market turning points. Although the academicians were uncertain about the practicality of technical analysis, this method was widely used by practitioners in the industry owing to the increasing applicability in forecasting price trends. Many researchers point towards the importance of technical analysis coupled with fundamental analysis for the industry and the company in predicting price trends effectively. The current research study was carried out on the top 6 pharmaceutical companies stock prices (based on market capitalization) taken on a daily basis for the last five years (April 2010 to March 2015). Moving Average Convergence and Divergence (MACD), Rate of Change (ROC) and Relative Strength Index (RSI) were some of the technical tools used for analyzing daily closing price and Sensex (BSE 100). Mix trends were obtained from the study. Results suggest that investing in the current period for long-term purpose requires fundamental analysis along with technical analysis.
Pharmacologic inhibition of CDC25 phosphatases impairs interphase microtubule dynamics and mitotic spindle assembly

The CDC25 cell cycle regulators are promising targets for new pharmacologic approaches in cancer therapy. Inhibitory compounds such as BN82685 have proven to be effective in specifically targeting CDC25 in cultured cells and in inhibiting tumor cell growth. Here, we report that BN82685 impairs microtubule dynamic instability and alters microtubule organization and assembly at the centrosome in interphase cells. Treatment of mitotic cells with BN82685 delays mitotic spindle assembly, chromosome capture, and metaphase plate formation. Furthermore, we show that combining low concentrations of both BN82685 and paclitaxel inhibits the proliferation of HT29 human colon cancer cells. Our results show a role for CDC25 phosphatases in regulating microtubule dynamics throughout the cell cycle and suggest that combinations of CDC25 inhibitors with microtubule-targeting agents may be of therapeutic value. [Mol Cancer Ther 2007;6(1):318–25]
Role of mitomycin in upper digestive tract stricture

Mitomycin C is an anti‐fibroblast chemotherapeutic agent that has demonstrated promise in the treatment of head and neck cancer‐related cervical stenosis. The present study investigates whether the application of mitomycin C at the time of dilation is both safe and effective in the treatment of head and neck cancer‐related upper digestive tract stricture.
Explaining public investment dynamics in Sub-Saharan Africa: The role of country governance structures

Abstract This paper assesses the contribution of country governance structures to resolving the unsettled crowding-in–crowding-out hypothesis of public and private investments and arresting the recent fall of public investment in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Within an Arellano-Bond Dynamic Panel Framework, we estimate a derived accelerator model that allows for inclusion of country governance structures (control of corruption, political stability, rule of law, governance effectiveness, voice and accountability and regulatory quality) in a public investment model. The results, based on data from SSA, suggest that country governance structures that control corruption, ensure political stability, regulatory quality and rule of law enhance public investment in SSA. But the presence of these governance structures does not curtail the crowding out effect of private investment on public investment. Thus, policies directed at improving public investment in SSA should target governance structures in addition to the conventional factors.