Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TÜRKİYE’DE OKUL ÖNCESİNDE OYUN İLE İLGİLİ YAPILAN LİSANSÜSTÜ TEZLERİN İNCELENMESİ

Oyun cocugun isteklerini, amaclarini anlatan, onu isteklerine kavusturan ve hayata hazirlayan en etkili araclardan biridir. Cocuk, yasam icin gerekli davranislari, bilgi ve becerileri oyun icinde kendiliginden ogrenmektedir. Bir cocugun bedensel ve ruhsal yonden saglikli gelisimi ve egitimi icin oyun, beslenme ve uyku kadar onemli bir ihtiyactir. Bu nedenle okul oncesi donem cocuklarinin gelisimi acisindan onemli olan oyun ile ilgili yapilan calismalarin incelenmesi ve cocuklar uzerindeki etkilerinin arastirilmasi onemlidir. Yapilan literatur incelemelerinde, okul oncesinde oyun alaninda yapilmis yuksek lisans ve doktora tezlerinde calisilan konularin yonelimlerini belirleyen kapsamli bir analiz calismasinin bulunmadigi gorulmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle arastirmada, Turkiye’de okul oncesinde oyun ile ilgili yapilmis lisansustu egitim tezlerinin tematik dagilimlarinin incelenmesi amaclanmistir. Dokuman analizi yontemi kullanilan arastirmanin evrenini, YOK Yayin Dokumantasyon Daire Baskanligi tarafindan arsivlenen, konu bolumu oyun olarak dizginlenen 1392 lisansustu egitim tezi olusturmaktadir. Arastirmanin orneklemine, okul oncesinde oyun alaninda yapilmis toplam 32 yuksek lisans, 6 doktora tezi olmak uzere toplam 38 lisansustu tez dâhil edilmistir. Yapilan calismalarin incelenmesi sonucunda calismalarda dil, bilissel, sosyal-duygusal gelisim, oz bakim becerileri, kavram gelisimi, matematik egitimi, iletisim, sosyal ve bakis acisi alma becerileri, ozel egitimde oyun gibi temalara yer verildigi, oyun uygulamalari konusunda ogretmen, yonetici ve ebeveyn goruslerinin incelendigi ayrica olcek uyarlama calismalarina yer verildigi belirlenmistir.
Demographic characteristics related to vaccination status in children aged 19 to 35 months

OF THE THESIS Demographic Characteristics Related to Vaccination Status in Children Aged 19 to 35 Months by Andrea J. Cunningham Master of Public Health San Diego State University, 2012 The purpose of this study was to show a relationship between maternal and household demographic characteristics and refusal of some or all vaccines recommended for children under 35 months of age according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule. More specifically, this study aimed to demonstrate a significant relationship between vaccine refusal and a high level of maternal education (some college or more), higher than the median household income ($35,001$50,000), and non-Hispanic white ethnicity. Data from the 2002 National Immunization Survey (NIS) were used, which implemented household telephone surveys and healthcare provider questionnaires to collect demographic information and vaccination statuses on 19to 35-month-old children in the United States. Pearson chi-square and logistic regression analysis were performed to test the relationships between child, mother, and household demographic variables and 3 vaccination status categories: fully vaccinated, undervaccinated, and selectively unvaccinated. Selectively unvaccinated children were more likely to be female, to be in the 30-35 month age category, to be of Hispanic or non-Hispanic black ethnicity, to have a mother 30 years of age or older, to have a mother who was either widowed, divorced or separated, to have a mother who had 12 years of education, to live in a household with an annual income of $20,001-$35,000, to live in a single-child household, and to live in a state that does not allow philosophical exemptions to school-entry immunization requirements. Whereas, undervaccinated children tended to be male, to be younger than 30 months, to be nonHispanic white, to have a mother who was younger than 30 years and married, to have a mother who had 12 years of education or had graduated college, to live in a household whose income was not the median level, to live in a household with at least one other child, and to live in a state allowing philosophical exemptions to immunization requirements. Although other studies have shown that parents who refuse all vaccines for their children tend to be white, more highly educated, and live in higher-income communities, the results of this study suggest that there may not be clear-cut demographic characteristics that define parents who selectively refuse vaccines. Consequently, there may not be specific populations for health promotion campaigns and healthcare providers to target in an effort to increase vaccine uptake. While it is important for the good of the society that herd immunity is maintained in communities, it is essential that parents retain the autonomy to choose what they believe is best for their child's health. Thus, healthcare providers have a responsibility to ensure parents are educated on the risks and benefits of vaccination so they can make informed immunization decisions for their children.
Association Between the Hypertriglyceridemic-Waist Phenotype in Mothers and in Their Offspring

The hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype(Htg-WP), the combination of an increased waist circumference and hypertriglyceridemia, could be a useful and inexpensive screening tool to identify people who are at an increased risk of coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes. (1-3). The concept of the Htg-WP was introduced by Lemieux and colleagues who suggested that this simple phenotype could be a useful marker for cardiovascular risk and a better predictor of cardiovascular disease. (4) Imaging studies using techniques such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging have shown that, among equally obese individuals, those with an excess of intraabdominal or visceral adipose tissue have metabolic abnormalities and are at an increased risk for coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes (5,6 ). The systematic measurement of waist circumference has been proposed as a crude anthropometric correlate of intraabdominal adiposity (7). Because waist circumference cannot fully discriminate intraabdominal from subcutaneous abdominal adiposity, it has been previously suggested that the presence of elevated triglyceride levels could be used as a marker of metabolic abnormalities in people with an increased waistline(4,8). An association between parental metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome in their offspring has been observed among Korean adolescents (9). Family risk factors include their genetic history as well as their shared environment (9). Parents are in a key position to shape the environments of children, and there is an increasing interest in the contribution of parental behaviors to cardiovascular risk. Maternal feeding practices have received particular attention as a risk factor for childhood OB. A previous study of our group showed that mother’s waist circumference predicted their child’s metabolic syndrome (10); however, as maternal Htg-WP includes two metabolic disorders, it could increase risk of her child’s cardiovascular risk. As far as we know, there are no large studies in elementary school children showing the role that maternal Htg-WP plays in relation to the development of children’s Htg-WP. The objective of this study was to determine the association between mothers’ Htg-WP and the presence of Htg-WP in their offspring.
The reproducibility of peak isokinetic torque and EMG activity in unfamiliarised subjects on repeated days

The aim of this investigation was to examine the intra-subject and group reproducibility of isokinetic muscle function testing and the associated surface electromyography (EMG) signal on repeated days testing. Fifteen subjects who were unfamiliar with isokinetic dynamometry completed maximal isokinetic elbow flexor contractions at 60 ◦ /s and 210 ◦ /s on five consecutive days. Surface electromyography was recorded from the biceps brachii to examine the electrical activity associated with the peak torque. The intra-subject reproducibility was moderate for isokinetic torque: mean coefficient of variation (CV) of 8.93% at 60 ◦ /s and 9.14% at 210 ◦ /s, however the EMG and EMG:torque ratio were somewhat more variable: mean CV of 15.18% and 18.42% at 60 ◦ /s, respectively and 11.97% and 14.50% at 210 ◦ /s, respectively. The group reproducibility for all variables at both isokinetic speeds were high with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.92 and 0.99. In addition, the group CV for isokinetic peak torque, EMG and EMG:torque ratio for both contraction speeds ranged from 1.47% to 5.12%. These results illustrate that individual subjects can show large day-to-day variations in torque and EMG, however when group data are examined, both torque and the associated EMG activity demonstrate high reproducibility. Practitioners should therefore express caution when interpreting longitudinal changes in an individual's isokinetic data.
Impact of eual rientation ocial upport and Family upport on Minority tress in L People

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals may have lower levels of mental health compared to heterosexual people. This study examined the impact of sexual orientation on the components of minority stress (victimization, internalized homophobi a and concealment of sexual orientation), and the moderating role of social and family support in the relationship between sexual orientation and minority stress components. A total of 715 LGB people participated in this study, of which 29.1% reported being lesbian (n = 208), 32.2% gay (n = 230) and 38.8% bisexual (n = 277). Their ages ranged from 18 to 70 years (M = 24.14, SD = 7.18). The questionnaire was disseminated through social networks and answered on an online platform. A path analysis with moderation eff ects was conducted to test the interactions between the variables sexual orientation, victimization, internalized homophobia and concealment of sexual orientation. No relationship was found between the variables cited, which can be explained by the sociodemographic characteristics (race/ethnicity, income, education) of the participants. These results may be associated with a response bias due to the profi le of the participant sample of the present study.
Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation through the pedicle of fractured vertebra in the treatment of type A thoracolumbar fractures using Sextant system： an analysis of 38 cases

DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1008-1275.2010. 03.002 Department of Orthopaedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China (Wang HW, Li CQ, Zhou Y, Zhang ZF, Wang J and Chu TW) *Corresponding author: Tel: 86-23-68755608, E-mail: happyzhou@vip.163. com Chin J Traumatol 2010; 13(3):137-145 【Abstract】Objective: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of the percutaneous pedicle screw fixation through the pedicle of fractured vertebra in the treatment of type A thoracolumbar fractures using Sextant system in the retrospective non-randomized case-control study. Methods: A total of 38 consecutive non-randomized patients with type A thoracolumbar fractures, which had been stabilized posteriorly from December 2006 to March 2009, were examined retrospectively more than 9 months after surgery. Twenty-one patients had been treated conventionally with open pedicle screw fixation (OPSF) and 17 patients received minimally invasive treatment with Sextant percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (SPPSF). As a method of evaluation, the incision size, the intraoperation and postoperative volume of blood loss, operation time, postoperative hospital stay, blood transfusion, the radiological assessment of the sagittal Cobb`s angle, vertebral body angle and vertebral body height were recorded and compared. Results: All patients were followed up for 8-24 months (average 11.6 months). There were significant differences in the incision size, surgical blood loss, surgical draining loss, operation time, hospital stay after operation, blood transfusion, the proportion of antalgic supplement and postoperative incisional VAS between the two groups (P<0.05). Mean preoperative kyphotic deformity was 16.0° and improved by 9.3° after surgery in OPSF group, but 15.2° and 10.3° respectively in SPPSF group. Mean preopPercutaneous pedicle screw fixation through the pedicle of fractured vertebra in the treatment of type A thoracolumbar fractures using Sextant system: an analysis of 38 cases
Platelet indices: consideration in thrombocytopenia

Background There is increasing evidence that platelet indices, such as mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR), have a significant role in the discrimination between hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia and hypoproductive thrombocytopenia, and they can be of great help as they are routinely generated by automated cell counters. Objective In this study, we aimed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of these indices and set cutoff values that aid in the diagnosis of thrombocytopenia cause. Materials and methods We recruited 20 individuals as the control group and 80 thrombocytopenic patients, who were divided into two groups: group I ( n = 40) included newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) patients (hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia), whereas group II ( n = 40) included hypoproductive thrombocytopenia patients. The MPV and platelet distribution width were derived from automated cell counter results. The P-LCR was calculated. Results In ITP (hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia) patients, the MPV and P-LCR were significantly higher; the best cutoff value for MPV was greater than 9.7 fl and for P-LCR was greater than 33.6%, with a diagnostic accuracy of 70.1 and 99.6%, respectively. Conclusion The MPV and P-LCR provide information about the underlying conditions of thrombocytopenia. These indices should be considered in the diagnosis of thrombocytopenia. The P-LCR can be safely relied upon for a positive diagnosis of ITP.
Tuberculosis epidemiology in Cape Town, South Africa

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Early Hearing Detection and Intervention by Telepractice

Early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) refers to a system of care to ensure that infants who are deaf or hard of hearing receive early diagnosis and intervention. Components of this system include newborn hearing screening (NBS), follow-up diagnostic audiological evaluation (DAE), medical/otological assessment and treatment, audiological habilitation such as hearing aid fitting, and enrollment in early intervention services (EI). A significant barrier to achieving prompt diagnosis of and EI for every baby is lack of access to audiologists and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) with specific expertise in diagnosis, (re)habilitation, and intervention for infants who are deaf or hard of hearing. To improve access to services, clinicians are exploring the use of telepractice for specific components of the EHDI system. At Children's Hospital Colorado, we developed telepractice services that include two components of EHDI, DAE, and speech-language EI services. We discuss the development, implementatio.
A Comparison of Two Approaches to the Delivery of Walk-In Single Session Mental Health Therapy

In this article two service delivery approaches to walk-in single session mental health therapy are outlined. The two contexts in which this therapy is delivered to clients of all ages are discussed. Key elements of the service approaches are highlighted. Program evaluation data and clinical examples are offered to highlight the connection between the therapy model and the service delivery approaches. The authors conclude with a discussion of recommendations for implementing walk-in single session mental health therapy in other contexts.
INTERMITTENT HYPOTHERMIA WITH DISABLING HYPERHIDROSIS

In 1934 Hines and Bannick 1 described a clinical entity of recurrent hypothermia associated with disabling sweating. It is the only case reported in the literature to date. In 1935 we were privileged to observe a patient with apparently the identical condition. We have studied him during approximately yearly attacks since that date and feel that the observations on this prolonged study and treatment are worth recording as the second instance in the literature. The patient of Hines and Bannick, a man aged 22, was hospitalized because of intermittent attacks of sweating, chills and subnormal temperature. He had had these attacks for ten years. They would begin each year in December or January and would continue for from four to six weeks. "At the onset of each attack there had been a period of nausea and vomiting of from five to seven days; following this gastric upset the usual cycles
Epidemiology and Etiology of Congenital Heart Diseases

Congenital heart disease (CHD), the most common type of birth defect, is an abnormal cardiocirculatory structure or function present at birth, although the disease is often discovered later in life. During prenatal life, the incidence of cardiac defect is higher due to affected fetuses that are aborted. CHD stems from an alteration in the embryonic development from a normal structure, or a failure of a structure to properly develop beyond an early stage of embryonic and fetal development. The non-typical patterns of cardio-circulatory flow owning to an anatomical defect may significantly influence the structural and functional development of the remainder of the circulatory system. Additionally, postnatal events have a marked impact on the clinical presentation of a specific isolated malformation. As CHD accounts for the most frequent cause of lethal malformation among infants, CHD is also considered a major problem affecting public health worldwide (Bernier et al., 2010). Despite the continuing progress in non-surgical and surgical treatments that allow for the survival of the majority of patients, some complex heart diseases are still associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. According to a report, 45% of infant deaths owing to congenital anomalies were caused by CHD in Western Europe. In Latin America, North America, Eastern Europe and the South Pacific region (including Japan) this proportion has been reported to be 35%, 37%, 42% and 48%, respectively (Botto, 2003). 20% of spontaneous abortions and 10% of stillbirths are attributed to CHD (Botto, 2001). CHD causes high morbidity and mortality among infants, and affects the quality of life during childhood and adulthood, depending on the progression of the disease (Majnener et al., 2008). It also affects social interactions and the quality of life for parents of children with CHD. While newborns with the cardiac disorder are symptomatic and identified soon after birth, many others are not diagnosed until the disease progresses into a severe stage. Data from the Northern Region Pediatric Cardiology database suggest around 1 in 4 cases of congenital heart disease in the UK are diagnosed later in childhood (Petersen et al., 2003). The signs and symptoms of heart disease depend on the type and severity of the disease. Children with critical cardiac lesion generally exhibit high morbidity and mortality because the risk of morbidity and mortality increases as treatment and diagnosis is delayed. The screening process is very important to detect congenital heart malformations. One of the major contributors to increased mortality and morbidity is clinical deterioration and heart
Markov decision process models for improving equity in liver allocation

In the United States, end-stage liver disease (ESLD) patients are prioritized primarily by their Model for End-stage Liver Disease score (MELD) to receive organ offers. Therefore, patients are required to update their MELD score at predefined frequencies that depend on the patient's last reported score. One aim of this dissertation is to mitigate inequities that stem from patients' flexibility regarding MELD score updates. We develop a Markov decision process (MDP) model to examine the degree to which an individual patient can benefit from the updating flexibility, and provide a menu of updating requirements that balance inequity and data processing more efficiently than the current updating requirements. We also derive sufficient conditions under which a structured optimal updating policy exists. As the coordinator of the harvesting Organ Procurement Organization (OPO) extends offers according to MELD score prioritization, the organ becomes less desirable. To avoid not placing the organ, the OPO coordinator can initiate an expedited placement, i.e., offer the organ to a transplant center, which can then allocate it to any of its patients. A second aim of this dissertation is to mitigate inequities induced by the OPO coordinator's premature departure from the prioritized list of patients via an expedited placement. As a preliminary step to studying the inequity induced by expedited liver placement, we conduct an extensive analysis of the current expedited liver placement practice based on recent data. We investigate different aspects of extending offers, e.g., the number of offers extended concurrently, and patients' response characteristics. Several of the results from this analysis serve as inputs for a second MDP model that examines how many concurrent offers the OPO coordinator should extend and when the coordinator should initiate an expedited placement. Numerical experimentation reveals a structured optimal policy, and we test the sensitivity of the model outcomes with respect to changes in model inputs. Lastly, we examine how our model outputs compare to the analogous measures observed in current practice and how they can be used to improve current practice.
Effect of the selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene on explanted uterine growth in rats

Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator known to have antiestrogenic effects on uterine tissue. In this study, the effects of raloxifene on uterine explant growth were evaluated in rats. Rats were ovariectomized, implanted with an estradiol pellet, and an endometriosis‐like state was artificially created by suturing uterine explants near mesenteric blood vessels. Approximately 21 days after explant surgery, rats with confirmed uterine explant growth were given raloxifene orally at doses of 0 or 10 mg/kg/day for 7 or 14 days. After 7 days of raloxifene treatment, explant weight and volume were significantly decreased. Fourteen days of raloxifene treatment, also caused a decrease in explant weight and volume, though not statistically significant. In addition, raloxifene treatment caused weight of the remaining uterine horn to decrease. Histological examination of the explants confirmed the presence of endometrial tissue similar to that seen in the uterus. In this study, raloxifene suppressed explanted uterine growth in a rat model designed to mimic human endometriosis. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.