Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perspectives About Health Care Provision in Dementia Care in Spain

Background: The aim of this study is to identify the barriers and facilitators in dementia care with respect to information provision, communication, and collaboration from the perspectives of the person with dementia, family caregivers, and health care professionals over the course of the illness. Methods: A qualitative study using Focus-Group methodology was carried out in people with dementia, family caregivers, and health care providers. Results: The categories that emerged from the analysis were insufficient information provided, specific dementia care needs, and acceptance of long-term care institutionalization from the people with dementia and caregivers’ groups and insufficient communication between health care providers, differential information according to disease stage, and home care coordination from the health care providers’ groups. Conclusion: The family is a key element in successful care coordination during dementia care provision. New effective strategies including self-management and emergent roles, such as case managers, could bring great benefits to people with dementia, caregivers, and health care providers.
The Brazilian ocean freight oscillation: The experts’ explanation to the USA, Europe and China trade

This study aimed to identify the variables that contribute to the oscillation of the international ocean freight of the Brazilian trade of containerized cargoes. The ocean freight from and to East Coast of United States, Northern Europe and China to Brazil was studied by a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with a panel of seven experts in charge of pricing the international ocean freight in the largest international shipping companies operating in Brazil. After a first round with the experts, a table that tried to capture the causal relationship among variables and their influence in Brazilian ocean freight was developed. In a second round of interviews, the final table was submitted to the judgment of the experts. Considering the experts’ opinion on the trade routes studied, it was noticed that the relationship between supply and demand with ocean freight is the variable that influences freight rates in Brazil’s trade the most. Other variables such as vessels capacity, operating costs and competitors are among the variables that experts have identified as those that most contribute in Brazilian ocean freight oscillation.
Difference in treatment outcome in outpatients with anxious versus nonanxious depression: a STAR*D report.

OBJECTIVE About half of outpatients with major depressive disorder also have clinically meaningful levels of anxiety. The authors conducted a secondary data analysis to compare antidepressant treatment outcomes for patients with anxious and nonanxious major depression in Levels 1 and 2 of the STAR*D study. METHOD A total of 2,876 adult outpatients with major depressive disorder, enrolled from 18 primary and 23 psychiatric care sites, received citalopram in Level 1 of STAR*D. In Level 2, a total of 1,292 patients who did not remit with or tolerate citalopram were randomly assigned either to switch to sustained-release bupropion (N=239), sertraline (N=238), or extended-release venlafaxine (N=250) or to continue taking citalopram and receive augmentation with sustained-release bupropion (N=279) or buspirone (N=286). Treatment could last up to 14 weeks in each level. Patients were designated as having anxious depression if their anxiety/somatization factor score from the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) was 7 or higher at baseline. Rates of remission and response as well as times to remission and response were compared between patients with anxious depression and those with nonanxious depression. RESULTS In Level 1 of STAR*D, 53.2% of patients had anxious depression. Remission was significantly less likely and took longer to occur in these patients than in those with nonanxious depression. Ratings of side effect frequency, intensity, and burden, as well as the number of serious adverse events, were significantly greater in the anxious depression group. Similarly, in Level 2, patients with anxious depression fared significantly worse in both the switching and augmentation options. CONCLUSIONS Anxious depression is associated with poorer acute outcomes than nonanxious depression following antidepressant treatment.
Balance control of virtual manikins in perturbed environments

Cette these aborde la problematique de la recuperation d’equilibre humanoide. La litterature traite le plus souvent la recuperation d’equilibre pour des bipedes qui ont des contacts coplanaires. Dans cette these, nous proposons une nouvelle approche de recuperation d’equilibre dans le cas generalise d’humanoides ayant des contacts multiples et non coplanaires. Notre approche est basee sur un modele simple d’humanoide. Un indice de changement d’appui determine la plage de perturbation a laquelle peut resister le modele, de telle sorte qu’il reussit a s'arreter sans tomber tout en maintenant une configuration fixe de contacts. Nous avons developpe une methode de recuperation d’equilibre qui controle le modele perturbe pour le stabiliser et qui calcule la nouvelle configuration d’appui (position d'un contact modifie ou ajoute) qui stabilise le modele pendant un temps de stabilisation predeterminee, lorsqu’un changement d’appui est necessaire. Les resultats de la methode sont valides en les comparant a des experiences de recuperation d’equilibre que nous avons menees sur des sujets humains. Nous avons applique notre approche sur un humain virtuel que l'on controle avec un controleur d’energie, afin de realiser sa stabilisation. Notre humain virtuel recupere sa stabilite quand il est perturbe dans des environnements non coplanaires
Intestinal Neuronal Dysplasia Type B: One Giant Ganglion is Not Good Enough

In this “Current Practice in Pediatric Pathology” article, 2 experts in the field and an associate editor of Pediatric and Developmental Pathology discuss the definition, diagnosis, clinical significance, and management of intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B. Intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B has constituted a diagnostic challenge ever since its first description more than 30 years ago. Intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B is regarded by many as a subtle malformation of the enteric nervous system that is limited to the submucosal plexus of the colon. The precise etiology remains unknown, and, to date, no specific diagnostic test exists other than morphology. Over time, with increasing experience, obligate pathological features have been adapted and refined, leading to contemporary diagnostic criteria that are enunciated in this review and placed into context with prior published data. Rigorous application of these criteria, under standardized laboratory conditions, is crucial for accurate diagnosis and future advances in this field.
Familial pathways to early-onset suicide attempt: risk for suicidal behavior in offspring of mood-disordered suicide attempters.

BACKGROUND Although adoption, twin, and family studies have shown that suicidal behavior is familial, the risk factors for familial transmission from parent to child remain unclear. METHODS A high-risk family study was conducted comparing the offspring of 2 mood-disordered groups: suicide attempters and nonattempters. Recruited from 2 sites, probands were 81 attempters and 55 nonattempters, with 183 and 116 offspring, respectively. Offspring were assessed by investigators masked to proband status. Probands and offspring were assessed with respect to psychopathologic findings, suicide attempt history, impulsive aggression, and exposure to familial environmental stressors. RESULTS Offspring of attempters had a 6-fold increased risk of suicide attempts relative to offspring of nonattempters. Familial transmission of suicide attempt was more likely if (1) probands had a history of sexual abuse and (2) offspring were female and had a mood disorder, substance abuse disorder, increased impulsive aggression, and a history of sexual abuse. CONCLUSIONS The offspring of mood-disordered suicide attempters are at markedly increased risk for suicide attempts themselves. Familial transmission of suicidal behavior in families with mood disorders almost always requires transmission of a mood disorder and is also related to the offspring's impulsive aggression and the familial transmission of sexual abuse. Early treatment of mood disorders and targeting impulsive aggression and sexual trauma may be helpful in the prevention and treatment of suicidal behavior in families with mood disorders.
Immunohistochemical analysis of the role and relationship between Notch‐1 and Oct‐4 expression in urinary bladder carcinoma

Most tumors contain a minor population of cancer stem cells that are responsible for tumor heterogeneity, resistance to therapy and recurrence. Oct‐4 is a transcription factor responsible for self‐renewal of stem cells, whereas the Notch family of receptors and ligands may play a pivotal role in the regulation of stem cell maintenance and differentiation. This study aimed at an evaluation of Oct‐4 and Notch‐1 expression in both carcinoma and stromal cells of 83 cases of primary bladder carcinoma and to study the relationship between them. Notch‐1 was expressed in carcinoma and stromal cells of all malignant cases, where expression in both cell types was correlated with parameters indicating differentiation, such as low grade (p < 0.05) and less proliferation (p < 0.05). However, Notch‐1 expression in stromal cells was associated with nodal metastasis (p = 0.016) and advanced stage (p = 0.030). 56.6 and 75.9% of carcinoma and stromal cells of malignant cases showed Oct‐4 expression, respectively. Oct‐4 expression in carcinoma cells or stromal cells was associated with aggressive features of bladder carcinoma, such as poor differentiation (p = 0.001), high proliferation (p < 0.001, 0.030), and liability for recurrence (p = 0.010, p < 0.001). There was an inverse relationship between Notch‐1 and Oct‐4 expression in carcinoma cells (p = 0.002), but stromal expression of Notch‐1 was found to be associated with a nuclear pattern of Oct‐4 expression in carcinoma cells (p = 0.030). Oct‐4 as a stem cell marker is expressed in carcinoma cells and in stromal cells of bladder carcinoma, where they may cooperate in the progression of bladder carcinoma by acquiring aggressive features, such as a liability for recurrence and dissemination. Notch‐1 is also expressed in both carcinoma cells and stromal cells of bladder carcinoma. Although they could share in enhancing differentiation, stromal expression of Notch‐1 may have a bad impact, possibly through up‐regulation of the active nuclear form of Oct‐4 in carcinoma cells.
Health-related Quality of Life, Somatization, and Abuse in Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction

Background Most of the focus on patients with Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) has centered on endoscopic management, and thus little is known about quality of life in these patients. Aims We sought to determine what health-related quality of life components are troublesome to patients with SOD and compare to patients with recurrent pancreatitis. Methods Using the Brief Symptom Inventory and the SF-12 version 1, as well as proprietary questionnaires, we measured health-related quality of life in patients with biliary SOD and patients with recurrent idiopathic pancreatitis who underwent sphincter of Oddi manometry. Results Both groups had significantly worse quality of life than nonpatients and both groups somatized. Abuse histories were surprisingly common and similar between both groups. Conclusions Health-related quality of life is impaired and abuse histories are common in SOD patients, and similar to patients with recurrent idiopathic pancreatitis. Whether these characteristics are predictors of healthcare seeking remains to be determined.
A shadow of Epstein–Barr virus in the pathogenesis of atopic diseases

In 1923, Coca and Cook presented a concept of `atopy' defined as `the immunological mechanism responsible for hayfever and asthma with a hereditary cause'. Thus in the background of so-called atopic diseases, an immunological abnormality based on some hereditary trait was assumed to exist. Since this original paper, there have been numerous reports that support the presence of genetic or familial trait(s) that cause the development of atopic diseases, and the interest of the majority of researchers has focused on elucidation of the `atopic trait' and/or the genetic mechanisms of atopy. However, many investigators, and epidemiologists in particular, have continued to be suspicious about the genetic heritage of atopic diseases. In order to clarify the influence of genetics on the development of atopic diseases, twin studies are of great importance. If an atopic trait is mediated by a single `atopy gene' or polygenes for atopy, the concordance rate of atopic diseases between monozygotic twins, whose genetic constitution is assumed to be exactly the same, should be around 100%. Edfors-Lubs in Sweden [1] performed a large scale study of 7000 twin pairs and reported that the symptom-specific concordance rates in the monozygotic group were: asthma 19.0%, hayfever 21.4% and eczema 15.5%. The concordance in general (for asthma, hayfever or eczema) was as low as 25.3% in the monozygotic group. From these observations, they concluded that the environmental component is much larger than the hereditary component, as alluded to above. These investigations suggest that there is no major `atopy gene' that plays a decisive role in the development of atopic diseases. The prevalence of atopic diseases in so-called developed countries has risen over the past several decades, which is too short a period for genetic change to take place. Furthermore, this rise has occurred irrespective of race and geographical features. These facts strongly suggest that the rise is due not to genetic factors but to environmental factor. The familial nature of atopic diseases does not necessarily imply that they are caused by inherited genetic factors. Various genetic effects have been recognized that may predispose to an atopic state, but these known genes or genetic loci do not account for all of the familial clustering of atopic disorders. The failure to develop a simple, consistent, and universal model of inheritance is most simply explained if we accept that atopic diseases develop dependent on strong environmental influences [2].
Litigation Risk and Executive Compensation

Standard principal-agent theory predicts that the pay-performance sensitivity (PPS) decreases in the risk of the firm. An alternative literature argues that entrenched executives as in weak governance firms use compensation contract to extract the rent, which renders risk irrelevant. This paper uses event study approach to test both principal-agent model and CEO power theory by examining how litigation events affect executive compensation. We examine how the litigation event affects both executive compensation incentive (PPS) and the compensation composition (equity pay versus cash pay). Consistent with principal-agent model prediction, we find that, after the initiation of litigation, PPS drops, performance-invariant component of the compensation (cash) increases and performance sensitivity component compensation (equity) decreases. Complementing analysis using litigation settlement as risk decreasing event provides further evidence that PPS increases after settlement and compensation shifts from cash back to equity. To test CEO power theory, we partition the event firms into firms with good and bad corporate governance. We find that the PPS in firms with bad corporate governance increases after lawsuit and decreases after the settlement, consistent with the story that litigation brings the bad compensation practice of poorly governed firms under the limelight and forces firms to discipline their CEOs more during the litigation period. Overall, our empirical evidence shows that for the overall sample and particularly for the subsample of firms with good corporate governance, compensation pattern changes around corporate litigation are consistent with the predictions of standard principal agent theory. That being said, CEO power does seem to also play a role, as firms with bad corporate governance exhibit a pattern that is more consistent with a "limelight effect" around the litigation events.
Transient reactance effects in static shunt reactive compensators for long ac lines

A simple equation derived from two calculable border cases and the asymptotic limits of a symmetrical multi-section transmission line is discussed in the light of experience gained from model studies on stabilisation of power transmission over distances exceeding 600 miles at 60Hz using saturated reactors. An equivalent transient reactance of a saturated reactor can be found from which the permissible product of the length of the compensated line and its power transmission capacity can be determined with satisfactory approximation. The transient reactance of saturated reactors appears to be the same as their slope reactance. Capacitive compensation of the slope reactance introduces transiently higher reactances which can be reduced but not eliminated by adequate dimensioning of the capacitor bypass filters. An empirical equation for calculating this effect is given. Combination of stabilisation by saturated reactors without slope compensation with others having it may take advantage of the differing favourable features of both and enable a desired power capability to be achieved in the most economical way. The general importance of model and analogue studies for any type of long line stabilisation is emphasised.
Job demands, authentic leadership, job satisfaction, and intention to leave in public healthcare

Orientation: The constructs of job demands, authentic leadership, job satisfaction, and intention to leave have been researched within varying contexts internationally; however, not much research has been done on these constructs within the South African public healthcare sector. Research Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between job demands, authentic leadership, job satisfaction, and intention to leave. Motivation for the study: Although empirical research and literature review provides evidence that job demands, job satisfaction, and intention to leave may be influenced by authentic leadership, there seems to be paucity of research examining the interaction effects between these variables within the South African public healthcare sector. Healthcare is a highly specialised industry and the scarcity of healthcare professionals in South Africa is one of the major threats to the country’s vision to eventually roll out equitable universal access to healthcare to all its citizens, Hence, it becomes crucial to understand the factors that influence attraction and retention within the public healthcare sector. Research design, approach and method: A cross-sectional survey design was used with a sample (n=633) of employees within the public healthcare sector. Participants’ experience level ranged from six months and higher. Education levels and qualifications also varied. The authentic leadership inventory (ALI), Questionnaire on experience and assessment of work (QEEW), PSYCONES Job satisfaction scale and PSYCONES Intention to leave scale were administered. Structural equation modelling was performed using the Mplus 7.4 statistical programme to achieve the objective of the study.
Identification, affinity characterisation and biological interactions of lectin‐like peptide–carbohydrate complexes derived from human TNF‐α using high‐resolution mass spectrometry

A cyclic disulfide heptadecapeptide (TIP17ox; 2) derived from the lectin‐like 17‐amino acid domain of human tumor necrosis factor‐α [TNF‐α (100–116)] was synthesised and demonstrated to bind specifically to N,N‐diacetylchitobiose, a disaccharide present in many glycan structures of glycoproteins. Although the TIP domain forms a loop structure in the native TNF‐α protein, we show in this study by high‐resolution ESI‐FTICR mass spectrometry that a homologous linear heptadecapeptide (TIP17rd; 1) binds with comparable affinity to chitobiose, suggesting that cyclisation is not essential for carbohydrate binding. ESI‐FTICR‐MS was used as an efficient tool for the direct molecular characterisation of TIP peptide–carbohydrate complexes. The specific binding of the TNF‐TIP domain to chitobiose and other carbohydrate motifs in glycoproteins may explain the high proteolytic stability of these peptides in biological fluids. A considerably higher proteolytic stability in human plasma was found by mass spectrometric analysis for the cyclic TIP peptide 2, compared to the linear peptide 1. Furthermore, affinity‐proteomics studies using immobilised cyclic TIP peptide 2 provided the identification of specific interacting glycoproteins in plasma. Copyright © 2007 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interruption of SV40 Virus Tumorigenesis Using Irradiated Homologous Tumor Antigen.∗

Summary X-irradiated SV40 transplant tumor or cell culture antigens were highly effective in preventing occurrence of homologous tumor in hamsters inoculated with SV40 virus when newborn. The X-irradiated immunizing tumor antigen was effective when given in a single dose as early as 34 days or as late as 76 days after SV40 virus was administered. The immunizing antigen was retained in tumor transplants in hamster for at least 20 passages and in cell culture of tumor for at least 38 passages. The significance of the findings in relation to protection against the hypothetical virus-induced tumor in man is discussed.
WASP-8b: A retrograde transiting planet in a multiple system

We report the discovery of WASP-8b, a transiting planet of 2.25 ± 0.08 MJup on a strongly inclined eccentric 8.15-day orbit, moving in a retrograde direction to the rotation of its late-G host star. Evidence is found that the star is in a multiple stellar system with two other companions. The dynamical complexity of the system indicates that it may have experienced secular interactions such as the Kozai mechanism or a formation that differs from the “classical” disc-migration theory.