Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lack of Pathologic Changes in Human Temporal Lobes After Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Summary: Most animal studies have failed to demonstrate pathologic changes in the brain after transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Nevertheless, vacuolar lesions in the cortex of rats after TMS have been reported. We report the first histopathologic studies of human brains after TMS in 2 patients with epilepsy who underwent temporal lobectomies. They had been involved in a study to determine the speech‐dominant hemisphere by TMS and had received ∼2,000 stimuli centered over the resected temporal lobe. Histologic study of the surgical specimens did not show any lesions attributable to TMS in these 2 patients.
Reconciling information-seeking behavior with search user interfaces for the Web

User interfaces of Web search engines reflect attributes of the underlying tools used to create them, rather than what we know about how people look for information. In this article, the author examines several characteristics of user search behavior: the variety of information-seeking goals, the cultural and situational context of search, and the iterative nature of the search task. An analysis of these characteristics suggests ways that interfaces can be redesigned to make searching more effective for users.
Power‐law dynamics in neuronal and behavioral data introduce spurious correlations

Relating behavioral and neuroimaging measures is essential to understanding human brain function. Often, this is achieved by computing a correlation between behavioral measures, e.g., reaction times, and neurophysiological recordings, e.g., prestimulus EEG alpha‐power, on a single‐trial‐basis. This approach treats individual trials as independent measurements and ignores the fact that data are acquired in a temporal order. It has already been shown that behavioral measures as well as neurophysiological recordings display power‐law dynamics, which implies that trials are not in fact independent. Critically, computing the correlation coefficient between two measures exhibiting long‐range temporal dependencies may introduce spurious correlations, thus leading to erroneous conclusions about the relationship between brain activity and behavioral measures. Here, we address data‐analytic pitfalls which may arise when long‐range temporal dependencies in neural as well as behavioral measures are ignored. We quantify the influence of temporal dependencies of neural and behavioral measures on the observed correlations through simulations. Results are further supported in analysis of real EEG data recorded in a simple reaction time task, where the aim is to predict the latency of responses on the basis of prestimulus alpha oscillations. We show that it is possible to "predict" reaction times from one subject on the basis of EEG activity recorded in another subject simply owing to the fact that both measures display power‐law dynamics. The same is true when correlating EEG activity obtained from different subjects. A surrogate‐data procedure is described which correctly tests for the presence of correlation while controlling for the effect of power‐law dynamics. Hum Brain Mapp 36:2901–2914, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact Of Disordered Eating And Psychological Functioning On Overweight Adolescents Participating In A Placebo Controlled Medication And Behavioral Weight Loss Trial

Obesity during youth has become a major public health problem. Overweight adolescents are at elevated risk for a variety of physical health problems and exhibit higher rates of eating pathology compared to non-overweight teens. Eating pathology has been suggested to contribute to overweight, and in some cases, complicate weight loss. A form of eating pathology common among overweight youth is binge eating. Many researchers have hypothesized that adults with binge eating may be less successful at weight loss, but this hypothesis has been met with mixed empirical support. Few adolescent studies have examined the impact of binge eating on weight loss. The present study seeks to evaluate the impact of binge eating on weight outcomes among adolescents during and after a placebo-controlled medication trial that included a behavioral weight loss program. Specifically, the present study aims to: (1) assess the impact of baseline binge and loss of control eating on weight loss and regain, (2) assess the impact of post-treatment binge and loss of control eating on weight regain, and (3) assess the impact of change in binge and loss of control eating on weight loss and regain. Findings from this study may help to guide treatment recommendations for obese adolescents.
Inbreeding and Recombination.

A very rapid decrease in heterozygosis is naturally indicated in the formative period of the breed (studied in Shorthorn cattle7'8). But even after large numbers are reached the average rate of decrease per generation in 6 breeds including cattle,8"l0 horses,9 sheep'0 and swine'0 is about 0.5%, equivalent to 25 as the effective number of sires per generation. It is probably also true in nature that the effective population number may be very much smaller than the actual number, making the effect considered here an important one in the life of the species. 1 Jennings, H. S. , Amer. Nat., 45, 487-497 (1912). 2 Jennings, H. S. , Cenetics, 1, 53-89 (1916). Wright, S. , Ibid., 6, 111-178 (1921). 4 Wright, S. , Amer. Nat., 61, 330-338 (1922). Wright, S. , Genetics, 16, 97-159 (1931). 6 Wright, S. , and McPhee, H. C. , J. Agr. Res., 377-383 (1925). 7 Wright, S. , J. Hered. , 14, 339-349, 405-422 (1923). McPhee, H. C. , and Wright, S. , Ibid., 16, 205-215 (1925); Ibid., 17, 397-401 (1926). PCalder, A. , Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. , 47, 118-140 (1927). 10 Lush, J. L. , Proc. 6th Internat. Cong. Genetics, 2, 123-126 (1932).
Function and activity in patients with knee arthroplasty: validity and reliability of a German version of the Lysholm Score and the Tegner Activity Scale.

OBJECTIVE The Lysholm score and the Tegner activity scale are widely used for assessing knee function and activity level after knee ligament injuries. This study aimed to asses validity and reliability of the German versions of the Lysholm score (Lysholm-G) and the Tegner activity scale (Tegner-G) in patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS Two patient groups (<3 months postoperative; 3 to 12 months postoperative) and a healthy control group completed both questionnaires twice within 3 to 7 days. On the first occasion, the SF-12 questionnaire was also administered. The instruments' absolute and relative reliability, internal consistency, construct validity (discriminative validity and exploratory factor analysis), criterion validity, and floor/ceiling effects were determined. RESULTS Both instruments showed acceptable relative reliability (Lysholm-G: ICC2,1 = 0.87; Tegner-G: ICC2,1 = 0.79), and the Lysholm-G had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.93. Kruskal-Wallis test and post-hoc Mann-Whitney U tests showed significant differences in both scores among the groups. Factor analysis of Lysholm-G yielded three factors that together explained 76% of the variance. Correlations between the Lysholm-G/Tegner-G and the physical component of the SF-12 were moderate (ρ = 0.60/0.59). Item analysis of the Lysholm-G revealed a low relative reliability for the item "instability" and low discriminative validity for the items "locking" and "instability". CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated acceptable psychometric performances for the Lysholm-G and the Tegner-G scales as outcome measures for patients with TKA. A short version of the Lysholm score without the "locking" and "instability" items might be more appropriate for TKA patients.
Truth Discovery by Claim and Source Embedding

Information gathered from multiple sources on the Web often exhibits conflicts. This phenomenon motivates the need of truth discovery, which aims to automatically find the true claim among multiple conflicting claims. Existing truth discovery methods are mainly based on iterative updates, optimization or probabilistic models. Although these methods have shown their own effectiveness, they have a common limitation. These methods do not model relationships between each pair of source and target such that they do not well capture the underlying interactions in the data. In this paper, we propose a new model for truth discovery, learning the representations of sources and claims automatically from the interactions between sources and targets. Our model first constructs a heterogenous network including source-claim, source-source and truth-claim relationships. It then embeds the network into a low dimensional space such that trustworthy sources and true claims are close. In this way, truth discovery can be conveniently performed in the embedding space. Moreover, our model can be implemented in both semi-supervised and un-supervised manners to deal with the label scarcity problem in practical truth discovery. Experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate that our model outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods for truth discovery.
Serologic Evidence of Nonfatal Rabies Exposure in a Free-ranging Oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus) in Cotapata National Park, Bolivia

A clinically healthy free-ranging oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus) was live-trapped in Boliva in 2000. Based on serology, we concluded that this animal was exposed to feline panleukopenia virus, Toxoplasma gondii, and rabies virus. The rabies virus-neutralizing antibody titer (>70 IU/ml) in this oncilla was unusual for an asymptomatic animal exposed to street virus and at a level expected in animals exposed to a large amount of virus, clinically affected, or vaccinated. Based on a subsequent 18 mo of radiotracking, we concluded that the oncilla had a nonfatal exposure to rabies virus.
Iron defeiciency anemia in children with simple febrile seizures-A cohort study.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the role of iron deficiency as a risk factor for simple febrile seizures in children aged 6 months to 5 years. This is a prospective cohort study recruiting 108 cases with simple febrile seizures and 100 controls with febrile illness without any seizures. All patients were assessed for iron deficiency anaemia by measuring haemoglobin level, serum ferritin level, Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV). Patients with iron deficiency anaemia amongst controls and cases were documented. Percentages and Odds ratio were derived from the collected data. 39.96% of cases ( 37 out of 108) had iron deficiency anemia and 22% of controls(22 out of 100) were found to have iron deficiency anaemia as revealed by low levels of haemoglobin level, serum ferritin level, Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration and Mean Corpuscular Volume. Odds ratio was 1.847. Patients with febrile seizures were 1.847 times more likely to have iron deficiency anaemia compared to febrile patients without seizures.
Formal Operations: A Systematic Reformulation

In the present paper it is argued that the original model of formal operations failed to make a clear distinction between the organization of knowledge and the ability to solve tasks. Additionally, too much emphasis was placed on the scientific reasoning aspect of formal operations in previous accounts. The present paper proceeds by first describing a recasted model of formal operations which retains only its essential, nondeletable aspects. Relevant empirical literature is reviewed within the perspective of this recasted model. Then, some positive heuristics, i.e., methodological approaches designed to avoid anomalous results, are proposed as direct tests of this model. Finally, the similarity and differences between the present account and other accounts of formal operations are discussed. 0 19R8 Academic Press, Inc.
Dedifferentiated myxoid liposarcoma: a clinicopathological study suggesting a closer relationship between myxoid and well‐differentiated liposarcoma

Myxoid/round cell liposarcoma is arguably the commonest type of liposarcoma occurring in the extremities and may show gradual progression from low‐grade, pure myxoid liposarcoma to high‐grade round cell liposarcoma. Rarely myxoid/round cell liposarcoma is associated with areas of well‐differentiated or pleomorphic liposarcoma (mixed liposarcoma). We describe the clinicopathological features of three unusual myxoid/round cell liposarcomas which showed morphological features of de novo dedifferentiation. All patients were male and were aged 66, 70 and 76 years, respectively. One lesion each arose in the retroperitoneum, inguinal region and peritoneal cavity. Histologically, in one case the myxoid/round cell component was juxtaposed to a high‐grade non‐lipogenic component resembling non‐pleomorphic storiform ‘malignant fibrous histiocytoma’ (‘MFH’), one case showed a combination of myxoid liposarcoma and a high‐grade myxofibrosarcoma‐like component (so‐called myxoid ‘MFH’), and in the third case, a well‐differentiated myxoid liposarcoma with a discontinuous micronodular pattern of dedifferentiation was seen. Follow‐up information of 30, 28 and 26 months revealed two recurrences each in two patients. These patients died of postoperative pulmonary embolism and abdominal haemorrhage, respectively; systemic metastases were not noted. These cases demonstrate that myxoid/round cell liposarcoma can show, albeit very rarely, histological features of dedifferentiation. Cases like these, combined with the occurrence of mixed‐type liposarcoma (well‐differentiated/myxoid liposarcoma) and the vicinity of chromosomal regions involved by specific karyotypic aberrations in these tumours, suggest that myxoid/round cell liposarcoma and well‐differentiated liposarcoma (including its dedifferentiated variant) are more closely related in biological terms than is generally believed.
IN VIVO THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF TWO RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES AND TUMOR REGRESSION IN DALTON’S LYMPHOMA ASCITES TUMOR MODEL

The purpose of this study is to evaluate in vivo antitumor efficacy of two arene ruthenium complexes, [(η6-arene) RuCl (2-pcdpm)] complex 1 and [(η6-arene) RuCl(4-mtdpm)] complex 2 (η6-arene = C10H14), containing new chelating ligands [(2-pcdpm) = 4-(2-methoxypyridyl)-phenyldipyrromethene] and [4-mtdpm = 5-(4methylthiophenyl)-dipyrromethene] respectively. Recently, we reported their potential anticancer activity in vitro on murine lymphoma [Dalton’s lymphoma (DL)] cells. There are several drugs which exhibit potential anticancer activity in vitro condition but losing their efficacy when applied to in vivo condition. Therefore, both complexes were further investigated in vivo for their antitumor activity on tumor model system (DL bearing mice) along with most common drug cisplatin as positive control. Both the complexes exhibit substantial increased in their antitumor activities by increasing the life span of murine lymphoma mice with approximately 2.5 fold as compared to control and 1.4 fold as compared to most widely used chemotherapy regimen cisplatin. Further, the complexes also significantly reduced body weight and belly size growth pattern of lymphoma bearing mice. Thus, in vivo studies indicate that both complexes can be helpful for consideration as therapeutic agents in cancer treatment.
The influences of work support and family support on work-family conflict (W-FC) among married female nurses in Shiraz-Iran

The present study highlights the significance of work support (supervisor and coworker support) on work- family conflict. Furthermore, this paper also examines the effects of family support (husband and family members/relatives support) on work-family conflict. The present study highlights the significance of work support (supervisor and coworker support) on work-family conflict. Furthermore, this paper also examines the effects of family support (husband and family members/relatives support) on work-family conflict. This study examines 198 married female nurses in Shiraz-Iran. The findings revealed that low support received from husband, family members/relatives and supervisor might increase perceived conflict between work and family. Unlike previous studies, the finding also indicates that there is no significant relationship between the respondents' support from co-worker with work-family conflict, which may be explained by the specific cultural context in Iran. Implications are discussed and recommendations are made regarding future researches in this area.
Applicability of Moringa oleifera Lam. pie as an adsorbent for removal of heavy metals from waters

This study evaluated the efficacy of moringa seeds (Moringa oleifera Lam.) as an adsorbent material for removing toxic heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, and chromium from contaminated solutions. The effect of the adsorbent mass was investigated at two pH conditions (5.0 and 7.0). The optimized conditions were 0.300 g of adsorbent at pH 5.0, used for the isotherms construction, and linearized according to Langmuir and Freundlich models. Results showed that cadmium adsorption was similar in both the models used. For lead, the Freundlich model had the best adjustment and chromium was better adjusted by the Langmuir model. It was concluded that the adsorbent was effective in the remediation of solutions containing cadmium, lead and chromium, thus, its use as sustainable alternative material is feasible, since it has low cost, does not need a previous treatment and it is a byproduct.
Sublethal effects of an acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting pesticide on fitness-related traits in the western fence lizard (Sceloporous occidentalis)

Pesticides are commonly used around the world for a multitude of different purposes and on diverse habitats, including agricultural fields, wetlands, and personal lawns and gardens. Currently, acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-inhibiting pesticides are among the most prevalently used chemical pesticides in the United States. A wealth of information exists on sub-cellular responses of organisms, primarily birds, mammals, and fish, exposed to these compounds. However, the effects of AChE-inhibiting pesticides at the whole-organism level, most importantly effects relevant to an individual’s fitness, have received less attention. My Master’s research focused on describing the effects of carbaryl, an AChE-inhibiting pesticide, on several fitness-related traits in the western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis). Reptiles are the least studied vertebrate taxon in ecotoxicological studies even though contaminants are suspected in contributing to recent population declines. Using multiple dose concentrations within the range expected to occur in nature (based on EPA application rates and published pesticide residues on insects), I quantified the effects of carbaryl on sprint performance energy acquisition, and energy allocation, traits which could have important implications for the animal’s ability to avoid predators, capture prey, and grow and reproduce. I found that at the highest dose concentration, lizards experienced a decrease in arboreal and terrestrial locomotor performance, a decrease in energy acquisition, and alterations in energy allocation. My findings suggest that acute exposure to high concentrations of carbaryl can have important sublethal consequences on fitness-related traits in S. occidentalis. Future studies should examine the consequences of multiple-pulse exposures to AChE-inhibiting pesticides on reptiles.
Relationship between mutations in the coding and promoter regions of the norA genes in 42 unrelated clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and the MICs of norfloxacin for these strains.

11. Piras, G. , el Kharroubi, A. , van Beeumen, J., Coeme, E. , Coyette, J. & Ghuysen, J. M. (1990). Characterization of an Enterococcus hirae penicillin-binding protein 3 with low penicillin affinity. Journal of Bacteriology 172, 6856–62. Relationship between mutations in the coding and promoter regions of the norA genes in 42 unrelated clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and the MICs of norfloxacin for these strains
Pharmacological and toxicological properties of two new beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists.

Studies involving the responses of respiratory and uterine smooth muscle and cardiac muscle to isoproterenol have revealed potent and selective β-adrenergic blocking action as a property of two phenethanolamine compounds bearing a methylsulfonamido radical at the para position on the benzene ring. These compounds had no other significant peripheral actions, including no local anesthetic action, and only limited effects on the central nervous system. Acute toxicity studies in mice, rats, dogs, and rabbits, and subacute toxicity studies in rats and dogs, indicated extremely low toxic liability. Neither compound had harmful effects on the fetuses of mice or rabbits dosed during critical days of pregnancy.
Matrix Metalloproteinases in Myasthenia Gravis

Introduction: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease with weakness in striated musculature due to anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies or muscle specific kinase at the neuromuscular junction. A subgroup of patients has periocular symptoms only; ocular MG (OMG). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are increased in several autoimmune diseases, including generalized MG (GMG), and have been suggested to play a role in immune cell infiltration, basement membrane breakdown and autoimmune pathogenesis. Methods: Total levels of MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9 were measured in serum by ELISA. Results: The MG patients had increased serum levels of MMP2 (median values 200.7 vs. 159.7 ng/ml, p < 0.001) and MMP9 (median values 629.6 vs. 386.4 ng/ml, p < 0.001) compared to controls. A subgroup of patients had increased MMP3 concentration (p = 0.001). The differences were not dependent on presence of AChR antibodies. No difference was observed between GMG and OMG patients with regard to MMP2 (p = 0.598), MMP3 (p = 0.450) and MMP9 (p = 0.271). Discussion: The increased MMP levels in our MG patients group and the lack of dependence on anti-AChR antibodies suggest that MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9 play a role in the development of MG. The similarities between GMG and OMG support OMG as a systemic disease.
Delay-dependent H∞ control of linear neutral delay systems

This paper is concerned with the stabilization and Hinfin control problem for linear neutral delay systems. Attention is focused on the design of linear memoryless state feedback controllers. Based on the solutions of linear matrix inequalities, the methods of stabilization and Hinfin control which are dependent on the size of the delay are developed. Finally, two numerical examples are given to illustrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Lack of Association between Catalase Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Vitiligo in an Egyptian Population

Background: Vitiligo is an acquired hypomelanotic skin disorder resulting from the loss of functional melanocytes from the cutaneous epidermis. Low catalase (CAT) activity and accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) have been demonstrated in the epidermis of vitiligo patients. Some polymorphisms on catalase gene may have effect on the quantity and activity of catalase enzyme. The aim of this study was to investigate whether catalase (CAT) gene polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to vitiligo in Egyptian population. Materials and methods: Thirty patients with vitiligo and twenty gender, age and ethnic matched controls were enrolled in the study. Genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: The CAT gene -89A>T and 389C>T genotypes and allele frequencies of vitiligo patients did not differ significantly from those of healthy controls. Conclusions: We found no association between CAT gene -89A>T and 389C>T polymorphism and vitiligo susceptibility in Egyptian vitiligo patients. Further studies with greater sample size should be performed to verify these results.