Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Does Academic Ability Affect Educational and Labour Market Pathways in Canada

Using data from the Youth in Transition Survey (YITS), this paper provides an up-to-date description of educational and labour market pathways (or transitions) among Canadian youth. It also estimates the effect of academic abilities, measured by PISA math and reading scores, on such transitions. Descriptive statistics show that educational success is positively related to math and reading achievements as well as family background characteristics. Further, working while in high school reduces educational attainment while participation in school organised activities increases the probability of grade progression. The results also indicate that students with low reading achievements are not only less likely to remain in school; they are also less likely to return to school once they have left school. Finally, the risk of entering unemployment after school is inversely related to the level of completed schooling. A partir des donnees de l’Enquete aupres des jeunes en transition (EJET), le present document fournit une description actualisee des parcours (ou transitions) emprunte(e)s par les jeunes Canadiens dans les etudes et sur le marche du travail. Il evalue egalement l’effet de l’aptitude aux etudes, telle que mesuree par les scores PISA en mathematiques et comprehension de l’ecrit, sur ces transitions. Des statistiques descriptives montrent que le succes dans les etudes est positivement correle a la reussite en mathematiques et en comprehension de l’ecrit, ainsi qu’aux caracteristiques du contexte familial. Ensuite, on constate que le fait d’avoir un emploi lorsque l’on est encore dans l’enseignement secondaire exerce un effet negatif sur le niveau d’enseignement, tandis que la participation a des activites organisees par l’etablissement scolaire augmente la probabilite d’obtenir de meilleures notes. Les resultats indiquent en outre que les eleves ayant obtenu de faibles scores en comprehension de l’ecrit ne sont pas seulement moins susceptibles de rester dans l’education ; ils sont aussi moins susceptibles de retourner a leurs etudes une fois qu’ils les ont arretees. Enfin, le risque d’etre au chomage apres sa formation est inversement correle au niveau d’enseignement atteint.
ARROW@TU Dublin ARROW@TU Dublin The Global Financial Crisis: World Market or Regional Contagion The Global Financial Crisis: World Market or Regional Contagion Effects? Effects?

In the last two decades, the world economy has been challenged by different economic and financial crisis. These events have captured researchers’ attention, and in particular the analysis of contagion effects derived from stock market shocks have been a focal point of interesting discussions. However, there is little consensus on how contagion should be defined and indentified. Consequently, this paper contributes to the already settled debate on the area proposing the analysis of contagion effects in a worldwide framework, where three different econometric models to test for contagion are being used. The main results are in line with most of the existing literature analysing this topic, and our results do not find strong evidence supporting contagion effects derived from the US stock markets, neither in a worldwide nor in a regional form. Hence, these findings bring evidence that there is still a lot of work to be done on how to define contagion, and even more so, on how to measure it.
Determination of the 1-D distribution of electrical conductivity in Earth’s mantle from Swarm satellite data

We present an inversion scheme to recover the (1-D) depth profile of mantle conductivity from satellite magnetic data, which takes into account 3-D effects arising from the distribution of oceans and continents. The scheme is based on an iterative inversion of C-responses, which are estimated from time series of the dominating external (inducing) and internal (induced) spherical harmonic coefficients of the magnetic potential due to a magnetospheric source. These time series will be available as a Swarm Level-2 data product. We verify our approach by using synthetic, but realistic time series obtained by simulating induction due to a realistic magnetospheric source in a 3-D “target” conductivity model of the Earth. This model contains not only a laterally heterogeneous layer representing oceans and continents, but also 3-D inhomogeneities in the mantle. The inversion for mantle conductivity is initiated with a uniform conductivity model. Convergence is reached within a few iterations. The recovered model agrees well with the laterally averaged target model, although the latter comprises large jumps in conductivity. Our 1-D inversion scheme is therefore ready to process Swarm data.
Plasma dynamics in PF-1000 device under full-scale energy storage: I. Pinch dynamics, shock-wave diffraction, and inertial electrode

This paper (paper I) presents the first part of results obtained with the PF-1000 facility for the first time at its upper energy limit (≈1 MJ). Special attention is paid here to plasma (‘pinch’) dynamics, which was investigated in relation to its electro-technical and radiation (especially neutron) characteristics with the help of a number of diagnostics, both time-integrated and with nanosecond temporal resolution. In these methods we utilized a Rogowski coil for the routine electro-technical measurements, visual multi-frame and streak cameras, soft x-ray pin-hole multi-frame cameras, PIN-diode assembly and PM tubes with scintillators for soft and hard x-rays as well as for neutron investigations together with a set of activation counters. In particular, the temporal cross correlation of different phenomena taking place during the discharge was investigated. The pinch's longevity appears to be 10–15 times larger than the ideal magnetohydrodynamic growth time (ratio of the pinch radius to the ion thermal velocity). It is demonstrated how the ‘target’ dynamics (pinch plasma of the dense plasma focus (DPF)) depends on and may be controlled by the electrode's size and the geometry of the chamber in this large-scale device. Diffraction of a shock wave together with a current sheath on an obstacle made at the DPF anode cap opens an opportunity for an inertial electrode to be used in future at larger DPF devices.
Numerical simulation of a closed rotor-stator system using Large Eddy Simulation - eScholarship

A large eddy simulation of an enclosed annular rotor stator cavity is presented. Thegeometry is characterized by a large aspect ratio G = (b-a)/h = 18.32 and a small radiusratio a/b = 0.152, where a and b are the inner and outer radii of the rotating disk and h isthe interdisk spacing. The rotation rate o under consideration is equivalent to the rotationalReynolds number Re = o b 2 /n= 9.5x10 4 , where n is the kinematic viscosity.The main objective of this study is to correctly simulate the rotor stator cavity using a loworder numerical scheme on unstructured grids. The numerical simulations were run on thesoftware AVBP developed by the Centre Europeen de Recherche et de Formation Avancee en Calcul Scientific . The results were compared to the experimental results obtained by Sebastien Poncet of Universit e Aix-Marseille. Two large eddy simulations techniques were used: the Smagorinsky and Wall-adapting local eddy-viscosity models. The simulations were run on three set of grids, each with a different cell resolution-14, 35 and 50- along the thickness of the system. Results from each mesh show a good qualitative agreement of the mean velocity field with Poncet's experimental results. It was found that the Samgorinsky model to be more appropriate for this configuration.
Productive performance and behaviour of calf camel (Camelus dromedarius) under semi-intensive and traditional rearing system

A study was carried out on two different rearing systems for observation maternal behaviour during critical period (1st 20 days of life), productive performance and feeding behaviour during 3 months of age. Twenty lactating she-camels with their calves dromedary (Camelus dromedaries) Sudani camel divided into two groups Group one (n= 10 she-camel with their calves) managed in a semi intensive system in private farm in belbes city, all animals were herded during night in closed pen and set free during the midday. Supplementation consists of concentrates (2kg/day) and roughages (5kg/day) were used. Group two (n= 10 she-camel with their calves) managed in traditional system by pastoralist in met abo ali village, in sharkia province, Egypt. All the animals were brought to grazing areas where they selected the feed by themselves from the available plants without any supplemented feeding. The aim of the current study was to evaluate maternal, ingestive behaviour and estimate productive performance of the camel calves under traditional system and semiintensive system and its influence on frequency of diarrhea, mortality, morbidity and incidence of mastitis. The results indicated that a significant increase in frequency of suckling, duration, calf camel 1st standing frequency drinking frequency, duration and grazing duration under semi-intensive system, while calf camel teat seeking frequency, duration and Calf camel1st standing duration with significant decrease during 1st 20 days (critical period), While there was a significant decrease in grazing frequency in semi-intensive system. A significant increase in diarrhea frequency and incidence of mastitis under traditional system. The body weight and the daily growth rates of the calves under semiintensive system were higher than the calves reared in the traditional system. It concluded that, the semi intensive production system showed some advantages for better rearing of calf camels compared with the traditional system. So, supplementing calves by good management under semi-intensive system lead to high productivity and reduction of animal losses.
SEX DIFFERENCES IN SHOCK ATTENUATION DURING RUNNING

The current investigation was conducted to determine whether sex differences in skeletal accelerations and shock attenuation were evident during running. Twelve male and twelve female recreational runners ran at 4.0 m.s-1. Axial accelerations were measured at 1,000 Hz using accelerometers mounted at the tibia and sacrum. Peak tibial and sacrum axial accelerations were obtained and utilized to calculate the extent of shock attenuation. The results showed that peak sacrum accelerations were significantly larger in female runners (5.16 ±0.64 g) compared to males (4.37 ±0.75 g). It was also shown that shock attenuation (31.90 ±19.85%) was significantly lower in female runners in relation to males (47.89 ±11.46%). The findings from the current investigation indicate that female runners experience greater skeletal accelerations which may place greater stress on the musculoskeletal structures required attenuate transients forces which can be detrimental to passive tissues.
Income volatility and insecurity in the U.S., Germany and Britain

Income volatility is studied as a component of economic insecurity using recent data from the Cross National Equivalence File (CNEF). Techniques from the inequality literature are applied to longitudinal household incomes and we refer to the results as measurements of income insecurity. Using this method we examine (i) cross national differences in average insecurity levels, (ii) the effects of taxes and transfers on the insecurity of different income groups and (iii) the relationships between income insecurity and long-run household income. We find that for pre-government incomes Britain exhibits the highest levels of income insecurity, with the U.S. the lowest. However estimates of insecurity in post-government incomes are highest in the U.S. It is shown that insecurity in market incomes is primarily concentrated around low income families and that this pattern is strongest in Germany and weakest in the U.S. Insecurity in post-government incomes is for the most part found to be unrelated to household income.
Epigenetic salt accumulation and water movement in the active layer of central Yakutia in eastern Siberia

Observations of soil moisture and salt content were conducted from May to August at Neleger station in eastern Siberia. Seasonal changes of salt and soil moisture distribution in the active layer of larch forest (undisturbed) and a thermokarst depression known as an alas (disturbed) were studied. Electric conductivity ECe of the intact forest revealed higher concentrations that increased with depth from the soil surface into the active layer and the underlying permafrost: 1 mS cm−1 at 1·1 m, to 2·6 mS cm−1 at 160 cm depth in the permafrost. However, a maximum value of 5·4 mS cm−1 at 0·6 m depth was found in the dry area of the alas. The concentration of ions, especially Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, SO42− and HCO3− in the upper layers of this long‐term disturbed site, indicates the upward movement of ions together with water. A higher concentration of solutes was found in profiles with deeper seasonal thawing. The accumulation of salts in the alas occurs from spring through into the growing season. The low concentration of salt in the surface soil layers appears to be linked to leaching of salts by rainfall. There are substantial differences between water content and electric conductivity of soil in the forest and alas. Modern salinization of the active layer in the alas is epigenetic, and it happens in summer as a result of spring water collection and high summer evaporation; the gradual salt accumulation in the alas in comparison with the forest is controlled by the annual balance of water and salts in the active layer. Present climatic trends point to continuous permafrost degradation in eastern Siberia increasing the risk of surface salinization, which has already contributed to changing the landscape by hindering the growth of forest. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Profiling Dutch Authors on Twitter: Discovering Political Preference and Income Level

Research in author profiling has primarily focused on English-speaking users and attributes like age, gender and occupation. We present first experiments on automatic profiling Dutch Twitter users for two less-studied attributes, namely their political preference and income level (low vs high). We create two novel corpora using distant supervision, evaluate the corpus creation approach, and train predictive models for each attribute. Our empirical evaluation shows that distant supervision is surprisingly reliable and political preference and income level of Dutch users can be predicted relatively accurately from the linguistic input. We also discuss which features are predictive for income and political preference, respectively.
An Application of UTAUT Model for Acceptance of Social Media in Egypt: A Statistical Study

Digital Social Media are now a part of daily hu man activities, and have opened a new era of informal communicat ions in both private and public sectors. Platforms such as Facebook, twitter, YouTube and others, influence the spread of information mo re quickly and easily. Th is study investigates the influential factors for acceptance of social med ia in Egypt by inquiring whether the subscribers of Facebook's 'Khalid Saied page' of the Arab spring accepted Facebook as an influential factor. This study uses the UTAUT model (Un ified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology) representing performance expectancy, Effort expectancy, Social influence, Facilitating conditions and behavioral intention. A Survey methodology was used to gather data, whilst Spearman correlation technique has been used to analyze them. Statistically, the research finds they have significant correlation with behavioral intention so they accepted Facebook as influential factor. Also the research finds age and gender do not impact on performance expectancy and even experience has impacted on effort expectancy. Additional the experience factor affects social influence. Furthermore, o lder people have neither got impact of using Facebook nor motivate them to participate physically.
The Intersection of Child Custody Disputes and Child Protection Investigations: Secondary Data Analysis of the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (CIS-2008)

Objectives: Identifying child custody dispute characteristics that are associated with child maltreatment investigations are important for improving child protection services. Our objectives were to explore the characteristics of child custody disputes within the context of child protection investigations and to determine the ways in which child maltreatment investigations involving child custody disputes differ from those investigations that do not involve such disputes. Methods: Data were from the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (collection 2008) from 112 child welfare sites across Canada. Results: Of the estimated 235,842 child maltreatment investigations in Canada in 2008, estimated 29,218 investigations involved child custody dispute cases (12.4%). Approximately 22.7% of child custody dispute investigations involved allegations of neglect, 16.7% involved an allegation of physical abuse 20.3% involved exposure to domestic violence, 9.7% involved emotional maltreatment, and 5.3% involved an allegation of sexual abuse. Implications: Child protection workers must not assume that maltreatment allegations are false or unfounded simply because a custody dispute is also present. More attention is needed to explore ways to engage with families involved in child custody disputes so that they can better cope with the complexities of family breakdown.
Exploring Determinants of Unprotected Sexual Behaviours Favouring HIV Transmission among Men who Have Sex with Men in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

A qualitative inquiry using individual interviews explored determinants of unprotected sexual behaviours favouring HIV transmission among Men who Have sex with Men (MSM) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The study was conducted in July 2015 with 24 MSM participants recruited using convenience sampling technique. Data were analysed using a qualitative data analysis framework, with the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) employed as the study conceptual framework. Findings were grouped into a reciprocal triadic relationship involving behavioural, personal (cognitive) and environmental determinants. Behavioural determinants comprised having multiple casual sex partners, engagement in group sex and transactional sex practices. Environmental factors associated with unprotected sexual behaviours included influence of unsafe sex from regular partners and lack of access to HIV-related services. Personal (cognitive) determinants favouring unprotected sexual behaviours identified were lack of knowledge of condom and HIV/AIDS, individuals’ expectation of pleasurable sexual intercourse, and low self-efficacy to discuss condom use and HIV status with casual sex partners. As effort to address HIV in MSM in Indonesia is still at its infancy, the findings of the current study are insightful and will inform the development of evidence-based programs in addressing HIV/AIDS problem in MSM populations in Yogyakarta and other similar settings.
Improved environmental stability of highly conductive nominally undoped ZnO layers suitable for n-type windows in thin fi lm solar cells

Highly conductive nominally undoped ZnO (b-ZnO), obtained by means of an additional plasma near the substrate during sputter deposition, represent an attractive alternative for ZnO:Al (AZO) commonly employed in transparent windows of thin film solar cells. b-ZnO layers exhibit more than twice higher charge carrier mobility in comparison to AZO layers of the same resistivity (1·10 Ω cm −3 ). In consequence, a better transparency in near infrared region and an enhanced short circuit current can be achieved for low band gap thin film solar cells. Replacement of AZO for b-ZnO thus enhances their energy output. In order to allow assessment of suitability of these b-ZnO films for deployment in photovoltaic industry, we examine their stability in various environments, and show pathways to improve it. We demonstrate that the bZnO films can exhibit comparable stability to ZnO:Al films in both ambient and heated air over the period of 24 months. However, the examined b-ZnO films degrade faster in accelerated open damp heat (DH) conditions, which we attribute to the lower compactness of columnar microstructure. In order to circumvent this limitation, we introduce a novel multilayered b-ZnO film with an improved environmental stability, as verified by the enhanced optoelectrical performance of DH-treated Cu(InGa)(SSe)2 solar cells.
Identity of Historic City and Women Travelling Behavior

This paper represents on women behavior safety enigma, also an on-going progress study of the cultural landscape in the context of the historic city where knowledge unfolds. The study has tracked women’s experience of place, which responses on the visual elements that become an incredibly diverse culture surrounding and norms. Eventually, the historic city seems meet their expectations in cultural aspects a safe building has resulted for living and work environment. Therefore, having known their understanding influence on structure-building facade concluded and rediscovered the perception that adds value contributes in the urban setting. © 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. Keywords: People and environments; cultural knowledge; architecture; indigenous architecture
Analysis of Influence of Price to Customer Satisfaction Based on the Prediction Models

For the purpose of improvement of the sales, confirming the influence of price to the sales and customer satisfaction of the product is important. The most suitable price should be determined from the view point of customers, and it is extremely important to implement a high quality product corresponding to the real need of customers. It may have close relationship between cost and an expense to implement the individual inherent attribute of system product. Also, it may have close relationship between production cost and price of product. For the purpose of improvement of the customer satisfaction for quality of system product, the method of quantitative quality requirement and evaluation based on the ISO/IEC9126 quality model that includes six quality characteristics is widely recognized. In the precedent study, I have introduced the requirements definition method for the quality of system product based on the system quality model defined in ISO/IEC9126 and proposed the effectiveness of it statistically. In the previous study, I have also confirmed the relationship between inherent attributes of the product and quantitative result of the measured value of total customer satisfaction from the view point of six quality characteristics statistically. I performed the development of the prediction model to estimate the total customer satisfaction for the system product from the view point of inherent attribute of the product. And, I have proposed the effectiveness of application of the estimated prediction model and possibility of improvement of the total customer satisfaction of a system product. Based on the result of previous study, in this paper, I propose the result of investigation of influence of price to customer satisfaction, and the possibility of application of estimated prediction model for improvement of the total customer satisfaction of system product based on the price of product. Also, based on the result of investigation of relationship among price and inherent attributes of product, I propose the possibility of application of estimated prediction model and improvement of the price of system product from the view point of inherent attributes of product.