Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title : Diode laser sensor for scramjet inlets

This work presents development of an oxygen-based diode laser absorption sensor designed to be used in a supersonic combustion ramjet engine inlet. The sensor uses free-space propagation of light from a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) to determine the temperature, velocity and angle of attack of an engine inlet in hypersonic flow. The report outlines the method of calculating these parameters based upon the absorption spectrum, calibrations of the system in a gas cell, tests of operation at high temperature and tests of the sensor in a hypersonic facility flow. The system in its current form is capable of measuring both freestream temperature and velocity at measurement rates of 150 Hz. Sensitivity to vibration and very low absorption values prevented the system from being able to determine the angle of attack. It is possible that, with more attention to reducing the effect of vibration, some information about the angle of attack may be obtained.
Effect of 4 Months of Training on Aerobic Power, Strength, and Acceleration in Two Under-19 Soccer Teams

López-Segovia, M, Palao Andrés, JM, and González-Badillo, JJ. Effect of 4 months of training on aerobic power, strength, and acceleration in two under-19 soccer teams. J Strength Cond Res 24(10): 2705-2714, 2010-The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the training executed by 2 under-19 teams from the first Spanish division on aerobic power, strength, and acceleration capacity. Two under-19 soccer teams that competed in the same league were evaluated on 2 occasions. The first evaluation (E1) was done at the beginning of the competitive period, and the second evaluation (E2) was done 16 weeks later, coinciding with the end of the first half of the regular season. The following were evaluated: lower-body strength through jump height with countermovement with and without load (CMJ/CMJ20), speed of the Smith machine bar movement in a progressive load test of full squats (FSL), acceleration capacity in 10, 20, and 30 m (T10, T20, T30, T10-20, T10-30, T20-30), and maximal aerobic speed (MAS). Team A executed complementary strength training, and training loads were determined with regard to the speed with which each player moved the bar in FSL. Between the evaluations, the training sessions of each team were recorded to assess their influence on the changes in E2. Team A significantly improved its MAS (p < 0.01) and its application of strength in the CMJ20 (p < 0.05) and FS20-30-40 (p < 0.01), while significantly worsening their acceleration capacity in all the splits (p < 0.01). Team B slightly worsened its MAS and significantly improved its application of strength in the CMJ20 (p < 0.01) and FS50-60 (p < 0.05). Its acceleration capacity improved insignificantly except for in the 20- to 30-m interval/T20-30 (p < 0.05). The present study demonstrates that the use of loads as a function of the speed of movement, without the need to determine maximum repetitions is a methodology that is adequate for the improvement of the application of strength in under-19 soccer players.
Use of a Selective Enrichment Broth To Recover Clostridium difficile from Stool Swabs Stored under Different Conditions

ABSTRACT The recovery of Clostridium difficile from the stools of patients with C. difficile-associated diarrhea was evaluated by use of an enrichment broth (cycloserine-cefoxitin fructose broth supplemented with 0.1% sodium taurocholate [TCCFB]) and was compared to that from selective agar (cycloserine-cefoxitin fructose agar [CCFA]) and alcohol shock followed by inoculation onto blood agar (AS-BA). TCCFB was superior to CCFA and AS-BA, and neither the storage time nor the storage temperature affected the recovery rate.
Segmental anomaly leading to wrong level disc surgery in cauda equina syndrome.

STUDY DESIGN A case report of unrecognized lumbarization of the S-1 vertebral body leading to wrong-level disc surgery in a patient with acute cauda equina syndrome secondary to a large disc extrusion at the L4-L5 interspace. Laminectomy and excision were initially performed at the level of L5-L6. OBJECTIVES To review the importance of detection of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae when performing interventional procedures in the lumbar spine. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Lumbosacraljunction transitional vertebrae have been well documented. Likewise, surgery at the wrong intervertebral level has been reported as a reason for failure of lumbar spine surgery. There is also brief mention in the literature of lumbar disc surgery performed at incorrect levels in part secondary to junctional anomalies. However, there is no recorded case of wrong-level disc surgery in acute cauda equina syndrome occurring as a result of an unrecognized lumbarization or sacralization of transitional vertebrae. METHODS A case report of wrong level disc surgery in a patient with lumbarization of the S-1 sacrum is presented. The literature, clinical course, and imaging studies are reviewed and techniques for detection of transitional vertebral bodies are discussed. CONCLUSION The presence an undetected congenital spinal anomaly, lumbarization of the S-1 vertebral body, resulted in mistaken intraoperative identification of the L4-5 space in this patient resulted in decompression at the wrong level requiring a second surgery. Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae can often be overlooked on plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine. It is essential to be alert to the possibility of transitional vertebrae when evaluating these imaging studies, particularly in the operative treatment disc disease.
Apolipoprotein E genotype and the risk of recurrent lobar intracerebral hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND Recurrent lobar intracerebral hemorrhage is the hallmark of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. The factors that predispose patients to early recurrence of lobar hemorrhage are unknown. One candidate is the apolipoprotein E gene, since both the epsilon2 and the epsilon4 alleles of apolipoprotein E appear to be associated with the severity of amyloid angiopathy. METHODS We performed a prospective, longitudinal study of consecutive elderly patients who survived a lobar intracerebral hemorrhage. The patients were followed for recurrent hemorrhagic stroke by interviews at six-month intervals and reviews of medical records and computed tomographic scans. RESULTS Nineteen of 71 enrolled patients had recurrent hemorrhages during a mean follow-up period of 23.9+/-14.8 months, yielding a 2-year cumulative rate of recurrence of 21 percent. The apolipoprotein E genotype was significantly associated with the risk of recurrence. Carriers of the epsilon2 or epsilon4 allele had a two-year rate of recurrence of 28 percent, as compared with only 10 percent for patients with the common apolipoprotein E epsilon3/epsilon3 genotype (risk ratio, 3.8; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 11.6; P=0.01). Early recurrence occurred in eight patients, four of whom had the uncommon epsilon2/epsilon4 genotype. Also at increased risk for recurrence were patients with a history of hemorrhagic stroke before entry into the study (two-year recurrence, 61 percent; risk ratio, 6.4; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.2 to 18.5; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The apolipoprotein E genotype can identify patients with lobar intracerebral hemorrhage who are at highest risk for early recurrence. This finding makes possible both the provision of prognostic information to patients with lobar hemorrhage and a method of targeting and assessing potential strategies for prevention.
First Boundary Value Problem for the Diffusion Equation I. Iterated Logarithm Test for the Boundary Regularity and Solvability

This paper establishes a precise sufficient condition for the regularity of a boundary point of an arbitrary open subset of ${\mathbb{R}}^{N+1}$ ($N \geq 2$) and for the solvability of the first boundary value problem for the diffusion (or heat) equation in general domains.
Factors Influencing the Behavioral Intention of using Enterprise 2.0 Tools as a Knowledge Management Platform - An Analysis of the UTAUT Model in an Large Real Estate Company

This study aims at identifying the factors that predict the intention of employees of a large Canadian real estate firm to use an Enterprise 2.0 knowledge management oriented enterprise portal platform. Based on the UTAUT model, the data collected from 122 respondents using a Web questionnaire was analyzed to test five hypotheses that relate to the intention to use the Enterprise 2.0 platform. Results indicate that performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence have a significant influence on the behavioral intention to use. Contrary to recent UTAUT studies, facilitating conditions, self-efficacy, anxiety and attitude toward using technology all have a significant influence on the behavioral intention to use.
Desire for information and involvement in treatment decisions: elderly cancer patients' preferences and their physicians' perceptions.

PURPOSE Shared decision making is a tenet of contemporary medicine and oncology practice. How involved elderly patients want to be in making treatment decisions and how physicians perceive patient preferences for such involvement are uncertain. PATIENTS AND METHODS In structured interviews about multiple facets of chemotherapy treatment decision making, we asked patients age 70 years and older with a recent diagnosis of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) about their preferences for prognostic information and for involvement in treatment decision making. We also asked treating oncologists (n = 19) to describe their perceptions of patient preferences. Information and decision-making preferences were evaluated in relation to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS Seventy-three patients age 70 to 89 years completed the study interview within 16 weeks of metastatic CRC diagnosis. Most patients (n = 70; 96%) had decided to receive chemotherapy and 61 had initiated treatment. Relatively few (n = 32; 44%) wanted information about expected survival when they made a treatment decision. Preference for prognostic information was more common among men than women (56% v 29%; P < .05). About half of the patients (n = 38; 52%) preferred a passive role in the treatment decision-making process. Physician perceptions were concordant with patient preferences for information in 44% of patient-physician pairs and for decision control in 41% of patient-physician pairs. CONCLUSION For older patients with advanced CRC, preferences for prognostic information and for an active role in treatment decision making are not easily predictable. Physicians' perceptions are often inconsistent with patients' stated preferences. Explicit discussion of preferred decision-making styles may improve patient-physician encounters.
A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of botulinum toxin B for sialorrhea in Parkinson’s disease

Background: Injections of botulinum toxin A are an effective treatment for sialorrhea in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Based on the relatively high rates of dry mouth seen with botulinum toxin B, there is reason to suspect that it may also improve sialorrhea. Objective: To determine whether botulinum toxin B (Myobloc; Elan Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY) is a safe and effective treatment for sialorrhea in patients with PD. Methods: Demographics, PD treatments, head posture, the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), two questionnaires regarding drooling, Visual Analogue Scale, global impressions, salivary gland imaging, and a dysphagia questionnaire were assessed in 16 PD subjects with problematic sialorrhea. Patients were then randomized to receive either botulinum toxin B (1,000 units into each parotid gland and 250 units into each submandibular gland) or a pH-matched placebo, using only anatomic landmarks. Patients returned 1 month later to undergo an identical assessment. Results: Compared with placebo, those randomized to drug reported improvement on the Visual Analogue Scale (p < 0.001), global impressions of change (p < 0.005), Drooling Rating Scale (p < 0.05), and Drooling Severity and Frequency Scale (p < 0.001). There was no change in UPDRS, head posture, or Dysphagia Scale. Adverse events were mild and included dry mouth (three patients), worsened gait (two), diarrhea (one), and neck pain (one) in the botulinum toxin B group. Conclusion: Anatomically guided injections of botulinum toxin B into the parotid and submandibular glands appear to effectively improve sialorrhea without compromising dysphagia in patients with PD.
Inosine Binds to A 3 Adenosine Receptors and Stimulates Mast Cell Degranulation

We investigated the mechanism by which inosine, a metabolite of adenosine that accumulates to . 1 mM levels in ischemic tissues, triggers mast cell degranulation. Inosine was found to do the following: ( a ) compete for [ 125 I] N 6 -aminobenzyladenosine binding to recombinant rat A 3 adenosine receptors (A 3 AR) with an IC 50 of 25 6 6 m M; ( b ) not bind to A 1 or A 2A ARs; ( c ) bind to newly identified A 3 ARs in guinea pig lung (IC 50 5 15 6 4 m M); ( d ) lower cyclic AMP in HEK293 cells expressing rat A 3 ARs (ED 50 5 12 6 5 m M); ( e ) stimulate RBL-2H3 rat mast-like cell degranulation (ED 50 5 2.3 6 0.9 m M); and ( f ) cause mast cell–dependent constriction of hamster cheek pouch arterioles that is attenuated by A 3 AR blockade. Inosine differs from adenosine in not activating A 2A ARs that dilate vascular smooth muscle and inhibit mast cell degranulation. The A 3 selectivity of inosine may explain why it elicits a monophasic arteriolar constrictor response distinct from the multiphasic dilator/constrictor response to adenosine. Nucleoside accumulation and an increase in the ratio of inosine to adenosine may provide a physiologic stimulus for mast cell degranulation in ischemic or inflamed tissues. ( J. Clin Invest. 1997. 100:2849–2857.)
Metabolic acidosis in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: A longitudinal quantitative study

Objective: To describe the composition of metabolic acidosis in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock at intensive care unit admission and throughout the first 5 days of intensive care unit stay. Design: Prospective, observational study. Setting: Twelve‐bed intensive care unit. Patients: Sixty patients with either severe sepsis or septic shock. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Data were collected until 5 days after intensive care unit admission. We studied the contribution of inorganic ion difference, lactate, albumin, phosphate, and strong ion gap to metabolic acidosis. At admission, standard base excess was ‐6.69 ± 4.19 mEq/L in survivors vs. ‐11.63 ± 4.87 mEq/L in nonsurvivors (p < .05); inorganic ion difference (mainly resulting from hyperchloremia) was responsible for a decrease in standard base excess by 5.64 ± 4.96 mEq/L in survivors vs. 8.94 ± 7.06 mEq/L in nonsurvivors (p < .05); strong ion gap was responsible for a decrease in standard base excess by 4.07 ± 3.57 mEq/L in survivors vs. 4.92 ± 5.55 mEq/L in nonsurvivors with a nonsignificant probability value; and lactate was responsible for a decrease in standard base excess to 1.34 ± 2.07 mEq/L in survivors vs. 1.61 ± 2.25 mEq/L in nonsurvivors with a nonsignificant probability value. Albumin had an important alkalinizing effect in both groups; phosphate had a minimal acid‐base effect. Acidosis in survivors was corrected during the study period as a result of a decrease in lactate and strong ion gap levels, whereas nonsurvivors did not correct their metabolic acidosis. In addition to Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score and serum creatinine level, inorganic ion difference acidosis magnitude at intensive care unit admission was independently associated with a worse outcome. Conclusions: Patients with severe sepsis and septic shock exhibit a complex metabolic acidosis at intensive care unit admission, caused predominantly by hyperchloremic acidosis, which was more pronounced in nonsurvivors. Acidosis resolution in survivors was attributable to a decrease in strong ion gap and lactate levels.
General Aircraft Material Demand Forecast Based on Modified PSO Optimized BP Neural Network

Air material demand forecast is an important content of air material management, How to scientifically determine the general aircraft material demand has always been a key research subject of general aviation enterprise. Consider the general aircraft material demand forecast problem, forecast method is proposed by using Modified Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) algorithm to optimize the BP neural network. Firstly analyzed the main influence factors of general aircraft material demand, then introduces the basic principle of BP neural network and PSO algorithm and its improvement and MPSO-BP neural network forecast model is constructed, finally case analysis is carried out by using historical data of general aviation enterprise. The results show that the model prediction accuracy is improved effectively and good results have been achieved.
Is News Sentiment More Than Just Noise?

Big Data analytics has recently fostered significant research on the influence of news sentiment in finance. This paper thus examines the effect of news sentiment on crude oil prices for different investor types according to the noise trader approach. The noise trader approach assumes the presence of informed and uninformed investors. Informed investors possess a perfect information horizon, whereas uninformed investors trade upon noise signals, such as sentiment. Methodologically, we decompose the crude oil price with a Kalman filter into a Kalman-smoothed, fundamental price component and a noise residual. We then regress news sentiment on both decomposed oil price components. Our findings suggest that news sentiment not only has a significant positive effect on the noise residual (as suggested by the noise trader approach), but also on the fundamental price. Thus, we find empirical evidence contradicting the noise trader model, which assumes that only uninformed investors trade on sentiment.
Comparison of the MOS short form-12 (SF12) health status questionnaire with the SF36 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To compare the performance of the MOS SF12 health survey (SF12) with the SF36 in a sample of 233 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) stratified by functional class. METHODS The SF12 and SF36 physical and mental component summary scales (PCS and MCS) were compared for test retest reliability [intra-class correlation coefficient (RC) and repeatability], construct validity and responsiveness [standardized response mean (SRM)] to self-reported change in health. RESULTS Overall, despite its brevity, the SF12 is comparable to the SF36 with only some loss of performance. The SF12-PCS is slightly less reliable (RC = 0.75) and responsive to improvements in health (SRM = 0.52) than the SF36-PCS (RC = 0.81; SRM = 0.61). The SF12-PCS correlates strongly with the SF36-PCS (R = 0.94), SF36 physical function subscale (R = 0.77) and modified Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire (MHAQ) (R = 0.71), but only weakly with the SF36 mental health subscale (R = 0.22). SF12-PCS discriminated well between Steinbrocker functional classes; patients in functional classes 1-4, respectively, have SF12-PCS scores 1sigma, 2sigma, 2.4sigma and 2.7sigma below the population norm (ANOVA, F = 35.8, P < 0.000). The SF12-MCS is relatively unresponsive to reported improvement in RA (SRM = 0.31), but is reliable (RC = 0.71) and correlates well with the SF36-MCS (R = 0.71). SF12-MCS correlates more closely than the SF36-MCS with the SF36 mental health subscale (R = 0.86) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale (R = 0.76). In ANOVA models, only the HAD (R2 = 57%) score contributes significantly to variance in SF12-MCS (F = 254.8; P < 0.000), but both the HAD (R2 = 24%) and MHAQ (R2 = 10%) scores contribute to variance in the SF36-MCS (F = 50.9; P < 0.000). Thus, the SF12-MCS has better construct validity for mental health than SF36-MCS in RA subjects. Missing responses to items were high amongst patients in functional class 4 (34%). CONCLUSION The SF12 is a reliable, valid and responsive measure of health status in the majority of RA patients, and meets standards required for comparing groups of patients. Its application in the most severely disabled subjects is uncertain.
Rapid Identification of Penicillium marneffei by PCR-Based Detection of Specific Sequences on the rRNA Gene

ABSTRACT An emerging pathogenic dimorphic fungus, Penicillium marneffei, is one of the major causes of morbidity in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection in Southeast Asia. A PCR-hybridization assay has been developed to identify this pathogen. This study describes the use of single and nested PCR methods for the rapid identification of P. marneffei. Two sets of oligonucleotide primers were derived from the sequence of 18S rRNA genes of P. marneffei. The outer primers (RRF1 and RRH1) were fungus specific. The inner primers (Pm1 and Pm2) were specific for P. marneffei and were used in nested or single PCR. The specific fragment of approximately 400-bp was amplified from both mold and yeast forms of 13 P. marneffei human isolates, 12 bamboo rat isolates, and 1 soil isolate, but not from other fungi, bacteria, and human DNA. The amplified products were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis followed by ethidium bromide staining. The sensitivities of the single PCR and nested PCR were 1.0 pg/μl and 1.8 fg/μl, respectively. The assay is useful for rapid identification of P. marneffei cultures. Very young culture of P. marneffei (2-day-old filamentous colony, 2 mm in diameter) could be performed by this assay. The species was identified within 7 h (single PCR) or 10 h (nested PCR), compared to 4 to 7 days for confirmation of dimorphism. The application of these PCR methods for early diagnosis of the disease needs to be studied further.
Mutational analysis of simian virus 40 T antigen: isolation and characterization of mutants with deletions in the T-antigen gene

A series of mutants of simian virus 40 has been constructed with deletions in the coding sequence for large T antigen. Nucleotide sequence analysis indicates that 4 mutants have in-phase and 11 have out-of-phase deletions. Mutant DNAs were assayed for the following activities: the ability to form plaques, the ability to produce T antigen as scored by indirect immunofluorescence, viral DNA replication, and morphological transformation of rat cells. Two viable mutants were found, and these had deletions confined to the carboxyl terminus of T antigen. Only those mutants coding for polypeptides greater than 40% of the length of wildtype T antigen produced detectable nuclear fluorescence. The two viable mutants with deletions in the carboxyl terminus of the protein retained the ability both to replicate their DNA, although at a reduced level, and to transform nonpermissive cells. Mutants with sequence changes that result in the loss of more than 117 amino acids from the carboxyl terminus were not viable and were also defective in the DNA replication and transformation functions of T antigen, although several produced detectable nuclear fluorescence. These functions were also sensitive to the removal of amino acids near the amino terminus and in the middle of the protein.