Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consumption and savings in a low interest-rate environment

I papiret foretages en undersogelse af danske husholdningers forbrugs- og opsparingsbeslutninger for og under finanskrisen samt i de senere ars lavrentemiljo. Alle grupper af husholdninger reducerede deres forbrug umiddelbart efter finanskrisens begyndelse, men nettoopsparere har igen oget deres forbrugskvoter til et niveau svarende til for krisen. Omvendt har nettolantagere, saerligt dem med hoj bruttogaeld, oget konsolideringshastigheden yderligere over de senere ar. Det indikerer, at aendringer i husholdningernes balancer er en laengerevarende proces, som har strakt sig ind i begyndelsen af det seneste okonomiske opsving. Vi estimerer desuden den marginale forbrugstilbojelighed ud af boligformuestigninger pa en etarig horisont til 4-6 pct. Yngre og mere belante husholdninger har en storre marginal forbrugstilbojelighed ud af boligformueaendringer, hvilket kunne indikere, at mulighederne for sikkerhedsstillelse og belaning spiller en betydelig rolle for husholdningernes forbrugsbeslutninger. Den marginale forbrugstilbojelighed er asymmetrisk. Husholdningernes forbrug reagerer kraftigere pa negative stod til boligformuen end pa positive. Endelig simulerer vi konsekvensen af en rentestigning for de enkelte husholdningers rentebetalinger, og finder herudfra en begraenset likviditetseffekt pa det aggregerede forbrug. Forbrugets rentefolsomhed er dog betydeligt storre for nogle grupper af husholdninger, sasom boligejere med hoj gaeld og variabelt forrentede lan.
Notice of RetractionClinical Significance of VEGF,EGFR and BRCA-1 Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

To investigate the expressions of VEGF, EGFR and BRCA-1 proteins and their correlation in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to explore their clinical significance. Immunohistochemical staining with SP method was conducted to determine the expressions of VEGF, EGFR and BRCA-1 in 44 cases of NSCLC. The positive rate of VEGF, EGFR and BRCA-1 was 47.73% (21/44), 79.55% (35/44) and 50% (22/44) respectively. The expressions of VEGF and EGFR were not associated with gender, age, histopathological grading, lymphatic metastasis or smoking status (P>;0.05). But they were associated with clinical stage (P<;0.05). The expression of BRCA-1 was not associated with the clinical features above. The expression of BRCA-1 was positively correlated with the expression of VEGF in NSCLC (r=0.501, P=0.001). There was no significant correlation between VEGF and EGFR, EGFR and BRCA-1(P=0.344; P=0.147). VEGF, EGFR and BRCA-1 have important effects on the pathogenesis and development of NSCLC. Detection of the expressions of VEGF, EGFR and BRCA-1 may be of value in further understanding the biological behavior and predicting the prognosis of NSCLC.
Proton spectroscopy and imaging at 3T in ataxia-telangiectasia.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is an autosomal recessive disorder with characteristic neurodegeneration of the cerebellum. We used MR spectroscopy to test the hypothesis that cerebellar metabolism in A-T patients would be abnormal relative to healthy controls. METHODS Twelve adults with A-T and 12 healthy control subjects underwent MR imaging and long-echo time (1)H-MR spectroscopy at 3T. Voxels were acquired in the region of the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum and in parietooccipital white matter, and ratios for N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and creatine (Cr) were calculated. RESULTS All of the A-T patients showed marked cerebellar atrophy of the vermis and hemispheres. Two patients showed multiple small foci of hypointensity on T2*-weighted images throughout their brain suggestive of capillary telangiectasia. A further 2 patients had single low-signal-intensity foci. One patient had a tumor, thought to be meningioma radiologically, that was not suspected clinically. No group differences were found in the cerebral spectra, but analysis of the cerebellum revealed significantly lower NAA/Cho and higher Cho/Cr ratios in the A-T patients compared with the controls. There was no difference between groups for the NAA/Cr ratio. CONCLUSION The findings suggest increased Cho signal intensity in the cerebellum of adult A-T patients. If this finding is shown through the course of the disease, it may assist in the differentiation of early A-T from other forms of ataxia and provide a marker for monitoring treatment efficacy.
Attitudes of Oregon psychiatrists toward physician-assisted suicide.

OBJECTIVE After passage, in November 1994, of Oregon's ballot measure legalizing physician-assisted suicide for terminally ill persons, the authors surveyed psychiatrists in Oregon to determine their attitudes toward assisted suicide, the factors influencing these attitudes, and how they might both respond to and follow up a request by a primary care physician to evaluate a terminally ill patient desiring assisted suicide. METHOD An anonymous questionnaire was sent to all 418 Oregon psychiatrists. RESULTS Seventy-seven percent of psychiatrists (N = 321) returned the questionnaire. Two-thirds endorsed the view that a physician should be permitted, under some circumstances, to write a prescription for a medication whose sole purpose would be to allow a patient to end his or her life. One-third endorsed the view that this practice should never be permitted. Over half favored Oregon's assisted suicide initiative becoming law. Psychiatrists' position on legalization of assisted suicide influenced the likelihood that they would agree to evaluate patients requesting assisted suicide and how they would follow up an evaluation of a competent patient desiring assisted suicide. Only 6% of psychiatrists were very confident that in a single evaluation they could adequately assess whether a psychiatric disorder was impairing the judgment of a patient requesting assisted suicide. CONCLUSIONS Psychiatrists in Oregon are divided in their belief about the ethical permissibility of assisted suicide, and their moral beliefs influence how they might evaluate a patient requesting assisted suicide, should this practice be legalized. Psychiatrists' confidence in their ability to determine whether a psychiatric disorder such as depression was impairing the judgment of a patient requesting assisted suicide was low.
Secretion of progesterone and prostaglandins by cells of bovine corpora lutea from three stages of the luteal phase.

The secretion of prostaglandins (PGs) by bovine corpora lutea was investigated. Corpora lutea from the early, early-mid and late-mid stages of the luteal phase were dissociated by collagenase treatment and cultured in monolayer in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 10% (v/v) fetal calf serum. Treatment with either LH (100 ng/ml) or dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP; 1 mmol/l) had no effect on progesterone secretion by early luteal phase cells but stimulated progesterone secretion two- to fourfold by cells from the latter stages. The secretion rates, per microgram cell protein, of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were substantially greater in cells from the early luteal phase than in those from the latter stages, however, all changes in PG secretion in response to treatments were qualitatively similar between cells from the three stages of the luteal phase. The secretion rate of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was greater than that of PGE2 or PGF2 alpha and was inhibited by treatment with indomethacin (28 mumol/l) but unaltered by treatment with LH, dbcAMP or butyrate (1 mmol/l). Secretion of PGE2 was inhibited by indomethacin but stimulated two- to threefold by treatment with either dbcAMP or butyrate. Secretion of PGF2 alpha was minimal and not inhibited further by treatment with indomethacin, but was stimulated 10- to 40-fold with dbcAMP. Indomethacin treatment inhibited the stimulatory effect of dbcAMP; butyrate had no effect on PGF2 alpha secretion. Treatment with LH had no effect on any of the PGs measured. In these experiments the secretion of progesterone appeared unrelated to any changes in the secretion of PGs. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Sugar-induced hypertension in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either conventional rat chow, or a diet in which vegetable starch was replaced with either glucose or sucrose for two weeks. At the end of this period, measurements were made of weight, blood pressure, and plasma glucose, insulin, and triglyceride concentrations. The average weight gain over the dietary period was approximately 75 g, and did not vary between the three groups. Mean (+/- SEM) blood pressure remained stable in the rats fed conventional chow (124 +/- 2 to 127 +/- 3 mm Hg), but increased significantly in rats fed the glucose-enriched diet (122 +/- 1 to 134 +/- 2 mm Hg, P less than .02, compared to chow-fed rats). The increase in blood pressure was even greater in rats fed the sucrose-enriched diet (122 +/- 2 to 144 +/- 2), and was significantly greater (P less than .005) than in rats fed either conventional chow or the glucose-enriched diet. Plasma glucose concentrations did not change in any of the groups, but plasma insulin concentration approximately doubled in rats fed either the glucose-enriched or sucrose-enriched diets. Finally, plasma triglyceride concentrations also were significantly higher (P less than .002) in both glucose-fed and sucrose-fed rats than in the control group. However, the increase was greatest in the sucrose-fed rats, and was significantly higher than in rats fed the glucose-enriched diet (P less than .002). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Joint effect of dopaminergic genes on likelihood of smoking following treatment with bupropion SR.

OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between joint variation in 2 dopaminergic genes and the likelihood of nonsmoking following treatment with bupropion sustained release (SR). DESIGN Three hundred twenty-three participants in a bupropion SR smoking cessation effectiveness trial with 12-month follow-up were genotyped for variants of dopamine receptor gene DRD2 and dopamine transporter SLC6A3. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Self-reported 7-day point prevalence of nonsmoking. RESULTS Neither genotype alone was associated with 7-day point-prevalent nonsmoking at the 12-month follow-up. However, in the presence of the DRD2 A1 allele, SLC6A3 status was significantly associated with the likelihood of nonsmoking at the 12-month follow-up (individuals with DRD2 A1+ and SLC6A3 9- were more likely to be smoking). In the absence of the DRD2 A1 allele, the association between SLC6A3 status and nonsmoking was nonsignificant. CONCLUSION Although these results are suggestive, a more compelling test is needed of the hypothesis that dopaminergic gene interaction underlies, in part, the likelihood of smoking following treatment with bupropion SR. Most likely this will come from larger studies involving prospective randomization to treatment based on genotype.
Sildenafil for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in children

Pulmonary hypertension, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), is a serious disease in children, but few clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate treatment regimens in this population. Currently, treatment of children with PAH is mostly based on clinical studies conducted in adults and a few dedicated pediatric studies. Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, has an established efficacy and safety profile for the treatment of adults with PAH. In May 2011, sildenafil received approval for the treatment of pediatric patients aged 1–17 years in the EU; however, pediatric use is not approved in the USA. This systematic literature review summarizes the clinical data available on the use of sildenafil to treat children with PAH and pulmonary hypertension.
Prevalence and factors associated with internet addiction among medical students - A cross-sectional study in Malaysia.

INTRODUCTION Internet is important to university students, especially for medical students who use it to search for literature and relevant information. However, some of the users are experiencing a gradual loss of the ability to reduce the duration and frequency of their internet activities, despite the negative consequences. The literature on internet usage among Malaysian medical students is limited. This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with internet usage among medical students in a public university in Malaysia. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed among all the medical students (Year 1-5). Students were assessed on their internet activities using the internet addiction questionnaires (IAT). A Multiple Logistic Regression was used for data analysis. RESULTS The study was conducted among 426 students. The study population consisted of 156 males (36.6%) and 270 females (63.4%). The mean age was 21.6 ±1.5 years. Ethnicity distribution among the students was: Malays (55.6%), Chinese (34.7%), Indians (7.3%) and others (2.3%). According to the IAT, 36.9% of the study sample was addicted to the internet. Using the multivariate logistic regression analysis, we have found that the use of internet access for entertainment purposes (odds ratio [OR] 3.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-12.00), male students (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.01-3.21) and increasing frequency of internet usage were associated with internet addiction (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.09- 1.67). CONCLUSION Internet addiction is a relatively frequent phenomenon among medical students. The predictors of internet addiction were male students using it for surfing and entertainment purposes.
Deaf Epistemology: The Deaf Way of Knowing

The standard epistemology requires the use of hard science to gain knowledge and discover the truth. In contrast, Deaf epistemology relies heavily on personal testimonies, personal experiences, and personal accounts to document knowledge. In recent years, a number of deaf schools have adopted deaf-centric policies shaped by Deaf epistemology in an effort to improve academic performance of deaf students. Because of federal laws, all schools are now expected to show accountability in the performance of their students, with data becoming increasingly available for public scrutiny. The preliminary data from three well-known deaf schools are beginning to show that the effectiveness of deaf-centric approaches can be substantiated by the standard epistemology. For this reason, Deaf epistemology and the standard epistemology should not always be viewed as having an oxymoronic relationship.
The effect of institutions and failure-based learning on entry mode choice

This study investigates the role of learning from failures and how learning from failure of others shapes the entry mode choice of subsequent entrants – a choice between joint venture (JV) and wholly owned subsidiary (WOS). A review of the entry modes and institutional perspective literature has revealed that research to date has focused on the effect of successes rather than failures. While it recognises the effect of other firms’ entry mode on the entry mode decisions of subsequent entrants, it has overlooked the influence of failures’ on entry mode. It is important to investigate the effect of failure of other firms since it has been recognised by organisational learning scholars as a valuable source of information for firms to improve their performance, decrease their uncertainty and consequently influences their actions. Therefore, the present research applies institutional and organisational learning perspectives as the underpinning theories to examine how the failure of others determines the entry mode choice of a firm. Further investigation was carried out on how a firm’s entry mode decision in response to regulative and normative institutions might be asymmetric. Additionally, firms’ responses to institutional dimensions were analysed further by investigating how they would change with experience in the host country and in other foreign countries. This study applied a quantitative approach to answer these questions in the context of China. The data for this study consists of 1021 observations invested by 622 foreign firms from 2003 to 2012. Through a logistic regression analysis, this study found that the failure of prior entrants with JV structure increases a new entrant’s tendency to choose JV over WOS. Moreover, regulative distance negatively influences the choice of JV whereas the effect of normative distance was found to be positive. Regarding the effect of experience, host country experience was found to be an influential factor that mitigates the effect of regulative and normative distance on the entry mode choice. The findings of the present research contribute to both institutional and entry mode literature by demonstrating that firms make their entry mode decisions based on information inferred from prior entrants’ failures. This research also contributes to organisational learning literature by showing that responses to failures are not merely avoidance-based, but rather based on the firm’s evaluation of the cause of failure.
Bronchoscopic Findings in Children With Chronic Wet Cough

OBJECTIVES: Protracted bacterial bronchitis is defined as the presence of more than 4 weeks of chronic wet cough that resolves with appropriate antibiotic therapy, in the absence of alternative diagnoses. The diagnosis of protracted bacterial bronchitis is not readily accepted within the pediatric community, however, and data on the incidence of bacterial bronchitis in children are deficient. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of bacterial bronchitis in children with chronic wet cough and to analyze their bronchoscopic findings. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of charts of children who presented with chronic wet cough, unresponsive to therapy, before referral to the pediatric pulmonary clinic. RESULTS: A total of 197 charts and bronchoscopy reports were analyzed. Of 109 children who were 0 to 3 years of age, 33 (30.3%) had laryngomalacia and/or tracheomalacia. The bronchoscopy showed purulent bronchitis in 56% (110) cases and nonpurulent bronchitis in 44% (87). The bronchoalveolar lavage bacterial cultures were positive in 46% (91) of the children and showed nontypable Haemophilus influenzae (49%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (20%), Moraxella catarrhalis (17%), Staphylococcus aureus (12%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae in 1 patient. The χ2 analysis demonstrated that positive bacterial cultures occurred more frequently in children with purulent bronchitis (74, 69.8%) than in children with nonpurulent bronchitis (19, 19.8%) (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Children who present with chronic wet cough are often found to have evidence of purulent bronchitis on bronchoscopy. This finding is often indicative of a bacterial lower airway infection in these children.
Factors contributing to construction injury at Denver International Airport.

BACKGROUND Detailed information about factors contributing to construction injury is important to support design of safety programs directed at particular risks. METHODS We linked over 4,000 injury reports, including text describing injury events, with an administrative workers' compensation (WC) database, and, using Haddon's matrix as a framework, classified factors contributing to injury during construction of Denver International Airport (DIA). RESULTS Patterns of contributing factors varied according to injury mechanism and type of work: environmental factors contributed more than any other factor to slip/trip injuries, and building materials contributed to more than 40% of injuries to workers in carpentry, concrete construction, glass installation, and roofing. Rates at which factors contributed to injury also varied among types of work: environmental factors contributed at relatively high rates to injuries in glass installation, metal/steel installation and iron/steel erection >or= 2 stories, and victim factors contributed at high rates to conduit construction and metal/steel installation injuries. WC payment rates for different factors varied widely, ranging from $0.53/$100 payroll to $3.08/$100. DISCUSSION This approach allows systematic analysis of classes of injuries, contributing factors, types of work, and other variables to assist in setting prevention priorities.
Protection of squirrel monkeys against virulent Plasmodium falciparum infections by use of attenuated parasites

We previously showed that the Uganda Palo Alto line of Plasmodium falciparum propagated in Saimiri monkeys and the line maintained in culture in human erythrocytes for many years in our laboratory are genetically unrelated (T. Fandeur, S. Bonnefoy, and O. Mercereau-Puijalon, Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 47:167, 1991). When injected into a splenectomized Saimiri monkey, the in vitro-derived Palo Alto population procured a long-lasting, low-grade parasitemia that was spontaneously resolved by the animal. This line was propagated by serial blood transfers in two other monkeys without enhancement of the virulence of the parasites. The genetic characteristics of parasite samples corresponding to the different passages of the line in monkeys were stable for the several markers examined (pPF11.1, MSA1, and MSA2), although microheterogeneity was detected in telomeric and subtelomeric regions of chromosomes. Interestingly, in vitro-derived Palo Alto parasites induced a strong, potent immunity that enabled the monkeys to completely block subsequent challenge with two different heterologous lethal P. falciparum lines. These attenuated parasites are thus genetically stable in monkeys and represent an attractive model for assessing the feasibility of a live attenuated malaria vaccine.
SCTCMG 2018 International Scientific Conference “Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism” DEMOCRATIZATION AS A TOOL OF EUROPEAN UNION INTEGRATION

Despite the increasing number of European skeptics and difficult economic situation within the EU, the search for new European development strategies can only be realized on the basis of further democratization, restoration of confidence by both national and European institutions on the part of political elites and citizens of the EU member states, which would give possibility of further integration at the value level. Particular concern is presented by skepticism among the European public and the increasing support for far-right parties, which in the end may provoke a number of reverse political processes and significantly reduce the pace of integration. The accelerated pace of European integration would solve a number of the most acute political and socio-economic problems, but it would also significantly toughen the resistance of euro-skeptics. Taking into account the fact that a large number of euro-skeptics are demographically presented by European youth, it is necessary to develop a multidimensional program in order to promote the values of European integration and democratization, allowing not only to increase the attractiveness of democratic principles and legal culture, but also the level of trust of European citizens to European institutes and political elites. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to identify the most effective strategies for further European integration, based on the development of the principles of democratization and creation of confidence in common-European institutions. © 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.UK