Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Support of Acute Pain Therapy by Analgesia Nociception Index in Post Anesthesia Care Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: Postoperative pain management requires a well-directed pain therapy. Generally, the assessment of pain intensity depends on a self-evaluated numeric rating scale (NRS, 0 to 10). Recently, a pain monitor using a socalled “ANI” (analgesia nociception index; 100 to 0) was introduced. The higher the ANI, the lower the pain intensity is considered. The aim of this study was to investigate if the use of ANI improves acute pain therapy in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) by means of the experienced pain intensity (mean NRS) as the primary outcome parameter.Methods: After admission to PACU, patients were randomly assigned to the “supported by technique” (TC) or the control group (CO). In both groups, self-assessment of pain intensity was requested every 15 minutes and pain therapy was provided according to internal clinical standards when the self-reported NRS by the patient exceeded 4. In the TC group, NRS pain score was additionally assessed when ANI fell below 50.Results: Out of 91 collectively included patients, 46 were assigned to the TC group. The mean NRS did not differ between the groups (p=0.192) at discharge. However, suitability of the ANI monitor was strongly dependent from the individual patient. In some patients, a strong negative correlation was obtained, in other patients no correlation or, curiously, a strong positive correlation was observed.Conclusion: Although objective pain intensity assessment would be beneficial for postoperative care, its measurement remains challenging.
PENGARUH SIZE, WEALTH, INTERGOVERMENTAL REVENUE DAN BELANJA MODAL TERHADAP KINERJA PEMERINTAH DAERAH

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris tentang pengaruh Size, Wealth, Intergovernmental Revenue dan Belanja Modal terhadap Kinerja Penyelenggaraan Pemerintah daerah dengan menggunakan LPPD sebagai sumber utamanya.Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemerintah daerah yang ada di wilayah Jawa Barat tahun 2014-2016 yang terdiri dari 18 Kabupaten, 9 Kota dan 1 Provinsi. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, dan diperoleh sebanyak 84 pengamatan, setelah dilakukan analisis terdapat 9 data yang tidak sesuai kriteria, sehingga total sampel yang diteliti sebanyak 72 pengamatan. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan Program SPSS dengan menggunakan uji asumsi klasik, kemudian dilakukan uji hipotesis dengan metode analisis regresi linier berganda dan terakhir uji statistik.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel size, wealyh, intergovernmental revenue dan belanja modal berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja penyelenggaraan pemerintah daerah.
Cell Fatigue Test

A new concept of “Cell Fatigue Test” is proposed. By reciprocating a cell across the throat of a micro channel repeatedly, the dynamic behavior of cell deformation is measured. We define a new index of fatigue life of cells as the number of reciprocatory motions leading to the prescribed recovery ratio. The test system is composed of a piezoelectric (PZT) actuator, a high speed vision sensor and a micro channel with a throat. Preliminary experiments were conducted by using Red Blood Cells (RBCs). The result shows that there is great variability in fatigue life of cells and the hues of cell membrane drastically change as the number of stress cycles increase.
EFFECTS OF AN EXTRUDED FLAXSEED SUPPLEMENT ON TRANSITION COW IMMUNE FUNCTION AND EFFECTS OF A METHANE INHIBITOR ON TRANSITION COW OVARIAN ACTIVITY

The transition period, which encompasses three weeks prior to three weeks after calving, is a critical time the life of a cow. During this time cows exhibit reduced immune cell numbers (particularly neutrophils) and function and elevated markers of inflammation. Compromised immune function is thought to be caused, in part, by extreme metabolic stress and changing hormones in response to the sudden transition from a pregnant to energydemanding lactating state coupled with decreased dry matter intake (Sordillo et al., 2009). These changes in the cow can increase the risk for metritis, endometritis, mastitis, ketosis, and other detrimental health events (LeBlanc, 2012). These health disorders are not only detrimental to the overall health and well-being of the cow, but they can also decrease milk output and reproductive efficiency (Ingvartsen and Moyes, 2012). For these reasons, improved management during the transition period that improves the health and well-being of the cow are paramount for setting the stage for successful reproduction and high milk production. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of feeding an omega-3 fatty acid flaxseed supplement on transition dairy cow immune function, energy balance, and fatty acid composition of milk, plasma, and red blood cells. Multiparous Holstein dairy cows
A Hybrid BIST Scheme for Multiple Heterogeneous Embedded Memories

It is common that an SOC contains hundreds or even thousands of heterogeneous embedded memories. Many of these embedded memories have wide data words, leading to high routing penalty from the BIST circuits. Previous BIST schemes solve the problem using serial interface, e.g., based on the IEEE 1500 architecture and novel scan approaches, to reduce the routing area overhead. However, serial approaches do not allow at-speed test and diagnosis, and are very slow. In this paper, we propose a hybrid BIST architecture that reduces the routing penalty, while allowing at-speed test and diagnosis of the memory cores. The test time is close to that of a typical parallel BIST method. Experimental results show that the proposed BIST can effectively reduce the area overhead.
Assessment of Nurses' Knowledge and Practice Regarding to Kangaroo Care at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)

A descriptive study was carried out, aiming to assess knowledge and practices of neonatal nurses regarding kangaroo care. Setting at the neonatal intensive care units of children‟s hospital, affiliated to Ain Shams University hospitals. The total sample were 50 nurses who worked in neonatal intensive care units. Tools of the study involved; interview questionnaire sheet, to assess characteristics of the nurses and their knowledge about kangaroo mother care, and an observation checklist adopted from World Health Organization, (2013) to assess nurses‟ practices regarding maternal kangaroo care. The main results showed that more than half of the nurses had satisfactory total knowledge levels regarding prematurity and kangaroo care, and slightly less than half of them had satisfactory total practice levels of regarding kangaroo care. There were statistically significant differences between nurse‟s knowledge of kangaroo and their age, educational level, years of experience in NICU and previous training courses in kangaroo care. The study concluded that nurses‟ knowledge and practice regarding premature baby and kangaroo care were satisfactory by nearly half of the studied sample. The study recommended that kangaroo care technique should be a part of the routine care for all premature and lowbirth weight newborn infants admitted to NICU.
The Role of Urban Rankings in the Construction of Perception on Innovation In Smart Cities

Percebe-se na contemporaneidade a utilizacao de inumeros rankings diferentes cada qual com seus criterios e metas distintos, variando conforme a metodologia aplicada, pais, epoca, audiencia e demais requisitos, porem todo ranking busca validar algo em relacao a objetos ou tematicas similares. Assim, busca-se compreender a funcao dos rankings no que tange a percepcao sobre a construcao do conceito de cidades inteligentes, posicionando-as como inovadoras, ao mesmo tempo em que as ancoram estrategicamente em gestao inteligente. E um estudo de natureza qualitativa com pesquisa bibliografica sobre: cidades inteligentes, rankings urbanos, inovacao e gestao urbana estrategica. Trata-se de um estudo de multiplas casos de cidades que ocupam as primeiras posicoes nos rankings sobre cidades inteligentes. A metodologia utiliza a articulacao entre teoria e observacao empirica de tres rankings urbanos em 2018: o CSC, o EIU e o CIMI. Nota-se que o uso dos rankings urbanos sao utilizados de forma estrategica pela gestao municipal, transformando, projetando e ambicionando que a cidade seja percebida como uma cidade inteligente.
Factors affecting future specialty choice among medical students in Kuwait.

BACKGROUND Choosing a medical specialty can be either a daunting and confusing experience for some medical students and junior doctors or a foregone conclusion to others. The aim of this study is to evaluate factors affecting future specialty choice among medical students in Kuwait University. METHODS A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from medical students registered in Kuwait University during the academic year 2011/2012. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to test the association between deciding a future specialty and students' sociodemographic and academic factors. RESULTS Of the 422 students approached, 387 (91.7%) decided to participate. A total of 144 (37.2%) students made a decision regarding their choice of future medical specialty. Pediatrics, general surgery, and cardiology were the most desired specialties - 18 (12.5%), 17 (11.8%), and 16 (11.1%) students requested these specialties, respectively. Only 61 (42.4%) of those who selected a future specialty received advice regarding their choice. Looking for a good treatment outcome for patients (66; 45.8%) and a challenging specialty (58; 40.3%) were the most influencing incentives when selecting a future specialty. Students in the clinical phase of their study were 3.014 (95% CI: 1.498-6.065) more likely to report on their decision regarding a future specialty compared to students in the basic medical sciences phase (p=0.002). CONCLUSION A variety of factors appeared to inspire medical students in Kuwait to choose a future medical specialty. When identified, these factors can be used by mentors of medical students and directors of residency training programs to motivate students to choose specialties that are limited in Kuwait.
Performance of Principal Component Analysis and Independent Component Analysis with Respect to Signal Extraction from Noisy Positron Emission Tomography Data - a Study on Computer Simulated Images

Multivariate image analysis tools are used for analyzing dynamic or multidimensional Positron Emission Tomography, PET data with the aim of noise reduction, dimension reduction and signal separation. Principal Component Analysis is one of the most commonly used multivariate image analysis tools, applied on dynamic PET data. Independent Component Analysis is another multivariate image analysis tool used to extract and separate signals. Because of the presence of high and variable noise levels and correlation in the different PET images which may confound the multivariate analysis, it is essential to explore and investigate different types of pre-normalization (transformation) methods that need to be applied, prior to application of these tools. In this study, we explored the performance of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to extract signals and reduce noise, thereby increasing the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) in a dynamic sequence of PET images, where the features of the noise are different compared with some other medical imaging techniques. Applications on computer simulated PET images were explored and compared. Application of PCA generated relatively similar results, with some minor differences, on the images with different noise characteristics. However, clear differences were seen with respect to the type of pre-normalization. ICA on images normalized using two types of normalization methods also seemed to perform relatively well but did not reach the improvement in SNR as PCA. Furthermore ICA seems to have a tendency under some conditions to shift over information from IC1 to other independent components and to be more sensitive to the level of noise. PCA is a more stable technique than ICA and creates better results both qualitatively and quantitatively in the simulated PET images. PCA can extract the signals from the noise rather well and is not sensitive to type of noise, magnitude and correlation, when the input data are correctly handled by a proper pre-normalization. It is important to note that PCA as inherently a method to separate signal information into different components could still generate PC1 images with improved SNR as compared to mean images.
The Pricing Accuracy of Alternative Equity Valuation Models: Scandinavian Evidence

In many decision contexts, there is a need for benchmark equity valuations, based on simplified modeling and publicly available information. Prior research on U.S. data however shows that the accuracy of such valuation models can be low and sensitive to the choice of model specifications and value driver predictions. In this paper, we test the applicability and pricing accuracy of three fundamental valuation (dividend discount, residual income, and abnormal earnings growth) models, all based on forecasts of company dividends, earnings, and/or equity book values. Extending prior research, we apply these models to Scandinavian firms with accounting data from the period 2005&#8211;2014, explicitly testing two approaches for the prediction of the value drivers&#8212;exogenously forecasted numbers versus projected historical numbers. Given access to the forecasted value drivers, the dividend discount model comes out as the most accurate valuation model. In particular, this holds in a comparison between the most parsimonious model specifications. The residual income valuation model generates the best pricing accuracy given the prediction of value drivers based on historical financial numbers. Notably, we observe pricing errors that in general are lower than what has been reported in prior U.S.&#8208;based research for the dividend discount and the residual income valuation models. The pricing accuracy of the abnormal earnings growth models is surprisingly weak in the Scandinavian setting. However, these models improve somewhat after a couple of complexity adjustments, in particular with value driver predictions based on the projected history setting.
Investigating the role of histone variant H2A.Z in brown adipogenesis

11 Declaration . 12 Copyright . 12 Acknowledgments . 13 1 Chapter 1: Introduction . 14 1.1 Adipocytes and the global obesity problem . 14 1.2 Types of adipocyte . 15 1.3 A role for brown adipocytes in adult humans . 15 1.4 Non-shivering vs. diet-induced thermogenesis . 16 1.4. 1 Activation of thermogenesis . 18 1.4. 2 The essential role of UCP1 . 20 1.5 Beige, Brite or inducible brown adipocytes . 22 1.6 Past attempts at thermogenic weight loss therapeutics . 23 1.7 Adipocyte development . 24 1.7. 1 Transcriptional control of brown adipogenesis . 26 1.8 Chromatin structure and transcriptional regulation . 28 1.8. 1 Regulation of chromatin structure during adipogenesis . 29 1.8. 2 Histone variants and chromatin structure . 31 1.9 Histone variant H2A.Z . 31 1.9. 1 H2A.Z localisation and function . 33 1.9. 2 Incorporation of H2A.Z is regulated in a gene specific manner . 37 1.9. 3 H2A.Z is key for both cellular differentiation and self-renewal . 39 1.9. 4 H2A.Z localisation to promoters and enhancers is dynamic during differentiation
A data caching approach for sensor applications

In sensor network applications, data gathering mechanisms, which are based on multi-hop forwarding can be expensive in terms of energy. This limitation reduces the lifetime of the network and challenges the use of sensor networks for applications that demand a predefined operational lifetime. To avoid this problem, the benefits of using mobile gateway to prolong sensor life-time have been explored in the literature. However, practical considerations such as the gateway speed and route planning, sensor buffer size and data frequency generation constraints impose limits on the mobile elements. In this work, we consider the natural hybrid solution that combines the two approaches of mobile gateways and multi-hop forwarding to address more constraints for sensor applications. We provide algorithmic solutions that attempt to balance the benefits of both approaches. Based on a given predetermined time deadline, a gateway tour will be established to involve a subset of the sensors. These selected sensors will work as gathering points and will aggregate the other sensors' data. The gathering points/nodes are selected with the aim of reducing the energy expenditures due to multi-hop forwarding. We also present a heuristic-based solution and validate its performance through an extensive set of experiments.
A Wireless IC for Time-Share Chemical and Electrical Neural Recording

A 1.1-mW 4-channel integrated circuit for wireless time-share monitoring of chemical and electrical neural activity in the brain is described. The chip architecture can be configured to perform neurochemical monitoring using 300-V/s fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) and neuroelectrical recording using extracellular electrophysiology. The 5-mm2 IC is fabricated in AMI 0.5 ¿m double-poly triple-metal n-well CMOS process and uses a 76-¿W, third-order, continuous-time, ¿¿ modulator (CT-¿¿M) per channel that achieves an input-referred noise of 56.7 pArms (dc-5 kHz) and 3.5 ¿Vrms (1.1-5 kHz) for chemical and electrical neuromonitoring, respectively. The chip architecture also incorporates monolithic circuitry for generating FSCV and biphasic constant-current stimulus waveforms. The chip has been externally interfaced with carbon-fiber microelectrodes (CFMs) implanted acutely in the caudate-putamen of an anesthetized rat, and enables chemically resolved monitoring of electrically evoked dopamine release and its postsynaptic bioelectrical response at the same recording site. The dopamine limit of detection (LOD) corresponding to a signal-to-rms noise ratio of three is estimated to be 16.7 nM based on the measured noise performance of the device and its sensitivity to dopamine determined empirically via flow injection analysis. This detection limit compares favorably with the amplitude of phasic dopamine transients that varies in the range of 40 nM-1 ¿M.
Impacts of land-use change and elevated CO2 on the interannual variations and seasonal cycles of gross primary productivity in China

Abstract. Climate change, rising CO2 concentration, and land use and land cover change (LULCC) are primary driving forces for terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP), but their impacts on the temporal changes in GPP are confounded. In this study, the effects of the three main factors on the interannual variation (IAV) and seasonal cycle amplitude (SCA) of GPP in China were investigated using 12 terrestrial biosphere models from the Multi-scale Synthesis and Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project. The simulated ensemble mean value of China's GPP, driven by common climate forcing, LULCC, and CO2 data, was found to be 7.4 ± 1.8 Pg C yr−1, which was in close agreement with the independent upscaling GPP estimate (7.1 Pg C yr−1). In general, climate was the dominant control factor of the annual trends, IAV, and seasonality of China's GPP. The overall rising CO2 led to enhanced plant photosynthesis, thus increasing annual mean and IAV of China's total GPP, especially in northeastern and southern China where vegetation is dense. LULCC decreased the IAV of China's total GPP by ~ 7 %, whereas rising CO2 induced an increase of 8 %. Compared to climate change and elevated CO2, LULCC showed less contributions to GPP's temporal variation and its impact acted locally, mainly in southwestern China. Furthermore, this study also examined subregional contributions to the temporal changes in China's total GPP. Southern and southeastern China showed higher contributions to China's annual GPP, whereas southwestern and central parts of China explained larger fractions of the IAV in China's GPP.
Researching the invisible: multi-methodological developments in cognitive translatology

ABSTRACT Much like other trends in translation and interpreting studies (TIS), cognitive approaches have long been marked by methodological challenges. Pioneering process-oriented works were mainly informed by speculative descriptions of carefully selected texts, which limited their validity, generalizability, and scientific robustness at large. Many of these problems were partially circumvented by the emergence of empirical (including experimental) approaches, as these allowed collecting actual evidence on the mental operations involved and forging more objective accounts of the phenomena under scrutiny. Yet, for all their benefits, empirical approaches to cognitive TIS are typified by an essential paradox: whereas empiricism requires observation of concrete data, mental operations are literally non-observable. The works included in the present special issue showcase the variety of methodological approaches with which this apparent paradox can be overcome. At the same time, the diversity of topics addressed in these works further attests to the distinct capabilities of each method while illustrating the breadth of cognitive TIS.
A multilevel study of the dual effects of leader political skill on follower performance

Abstract Using a sample of 61 teams (i.e., 305 employees and 61 leaders) from multiple banks, this study examines a multilevel model of the influence of dual effects of leader political skill (LPS) on followers’ performance at two levels. We examined the effect of followers’ perception of individual-focused LPS on followers’ individual performance rated by their leaders and the effect of followers’ perception of group-focused LPS on leader-rated team performance. In addition, we also examined a cross-level effect from group-focused LPS at team level to follower performance at individual level. The results revealed that individual-focused LPS predicts followers’ performance at the individual level and the group-focused LPS predicts team performance at the team level. Results also supported the cross-level effect from group-focused LPS at team level to followers’ performance at individual level. Strengths, limitations, and implications for both theory and practice as well as for future research are also discussed.
Reducing Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) and Giant Foxtail (Setaria faberi) Seed Production with Simulated-Roller Herbicide Applications

The potential of preventing seed production and reducing seed viability of weeds that commonly grow taller than soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Williams 82’] was evaluated. Chlorflurenol (2-chloro-9-hydroxy-9H-fluorene-9-carboxylic acid), chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide}, and glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] were evaluated against sparse stands of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik. # ABUTH) and giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm. # SETFA) growing in soybeans. Simulated-roller applications of all three herbicides significantly reduced seed production and germination of both weeds, although glyphosate was more effective than were the other two. Applications during early flowering of velvetleaf and early heading of giant foxtail reduced seed production more than later applications when some seeds were present. With the early application of glyphosate, 99% prevention of velvetleaf and 96% prevention of giant foxtail seed production were attained. With the early glyphosate application, germination of seeds produced was reduced by 50% in velvetleaf and by 95% in giant foxtail. Soybean yields were not reduced by either glyphosate or chlorflurenol but were drastically reduced by chlorsulfuron.