Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In situ measurements of benthic primary production during emersion : seasonal variations and annual production in the Bay of Somme ( eastern English Channel , France )

A survey of benthic primary production during periods of emersion was performed in a muddy-sand station of the Bay of Somme. Primary production and respiration were estimated by in situ measurements of carbon dioxide fluxes using infra-red analysis. Photosynthetic response of the community to incident light and temperature was analysed at different periods of the year. Seasonal variations of the photosynthetic parameters were estimated using the photosynthesis versus irradiance (P–I) curves constructed in February, April, July, August and October. The rate of maximum gross community primary production (Pm), highly correlated to sediment chlorophyll a (Chl a) content, was low in February (6.7mg Cm 2 h ) and high in July (97.7mg Cm 2 h ). Photosynthetic efficiency at low light intensity (a) was positively correlated to Pm. The very high production (Pm=126.8mg Cm 2 h ) and productivity (ratio of Pm and sediment Chl a content) measured in March may be related to the set down of active planktonic microalgae. At five dates, the effects of temperature on primary production seemed to overshadow the role of light. The Q10 for primary production varied from 1.2 in August to 3.0 in December. Daily potential primary production was calculated as a function of theoretical and measured irradiance for the period of superimposition of day and emersion. At the annual scale, the potential gross community primary production was 147 g Cm 2 with theoretical irradiance and 110 g Cm 2 with measured irradiances. The annual community respiration was 188 g Cm , leading to a heterotrophic annual budget. The annual pattern of daily production can be largely explained by changes in day length. It is also characterized by a fortnightly variability due to the variation of the total daily irradiance available for photosynthesis caused by the superimposition of the tidal and e front matter r 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. r.2004. 06.002 ng author. Fax: +33-1-40-79-31-09. ss: migne@mnhn.fr (A. Migné).
Earnings Management and Corporate Social Responsibility : International Evidence

This study examines whether corporate social responsibility is associated with firms’ earnings management in an international setting. Using a large sample of international firms, we find a significantly negative association between corporate social responsibility and firms’ earnings management. This negative relation holds after we account for potential endogeneity. Our results also suggest that the inverse CSR-earnings management association is more pronounced in countries with low individualism scores, high uncertainty avoidance scores, common law regime, high investor protection, and high human development. Furthermore, our component analysis suggests that the inverse CSR-earnings management association is more prominent in firms with stronger stakeholder governance, higher awareness on environmental issues, and more stakeholder capital. Overall, our results are supportive of the ethical financial transparency hypothesis, the individualistic culture hypothesis, and the uncertainty avoidance culture hypothesis, but not the opportunistic incentive hypothesis.
Relationship between glycated haemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, packed cell volume and albumin creatinine ratio in diabetic patients in south-south Nigeria.

The relationship between glycated haemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, packed cell volume and albumin creatinine ratio in diabetic patients in south-south Nigeria was investigated in 118 diabetic patients (80 females and 38 males) and 36 apparently healthy controls (20 females and 16 males). The glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) of (6.5±0.65%, 113±7.9mgldL and 48.4±6.3 respectively) were significantly higher in the diabetic patients than in control subjects (3.7±0.13%, 86±2.6mgldL and 21.0±5.1 respectively), while the packed cell volume (PCV) was higher in the control subjects than in diabetic patients (46.3±1.13% vs 40.6±0.92%). There was a significant positive correlation between the HbA1c, and FBG in both the diabetic patients and control subjects (r=0.418 and 0.782 respectively, P<0.001) and there was also a significant positive correlation between the HbA1c and ACR in both the diabetic patients and control subjects (r= 0.244 and 0.618 respectively, P< 0.001). In conclusion, there is a strong relationship between HbA1c, FBG and ACR in diabetic Original Research Article British Journal of Medicine & Medical Research, 4(2): 766-775, 2014 767 patients and control subjects.
Effects of amygdalin on alcohol-induced adipogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of amygdalin on alcohol-induced adipogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Methods: New Zealand white rabbit adipocytes were extracted and cultured, and the rabbits were divided into five groups: the normal group, the model group, and the amygdalin low-middle-high concentration groups. Adipocytes were stained by oil-red O staining method. Triglycerides (TG) contents were measured. Osteocalcin (OCN) and Type I collagen were detected using Immunohistochemical staining method. Alkaline phosphatase cells were stained by improved Gomori chemical staining assay. PPARγ and cbfαl mRNA gene expressions were measured through PCR assay. Results: Amygdalin in different doses can reduce the occurrence and numbers of lipid droplets, in a positively proportional way. The model groups exhibited the most obvious increase of lipid droplets along with time. TG contents were reduced, proportionally to doses. Immunohistochemistry found that OCN expression increased and Type I collagen expression decreased. Alkaline phosphatase cells increased, PPARγ expression decreased, and cbfαl expression increased. Conclusions: Alcohol can facilitate the hypertrophy, proliferation and differentiation of marrow adipocytes, so that the bone marrow adipose tissue increased, internal bone pressure increased, blood flow reduced, leading to ischemia, which incurred femoral head necrosis. However, amygdalin is capable of inhibiting differentiation of adipocytes, which is of clinical application and innovation.
The Impact of Self , Peer , and Teacher Evaluation on Iranian EFL Students ’ Writing Performance

The present study attempted to scrutinize if applying different types of writing evaluation may influence EFL learners’ writing performance with respect to their general language proficiency level. A further concern of the study was to explore the specific area of improvement in terms of the five major components: content, organization, vocabulary, grammar, and mechanics. The subjects were 106 female Iranian EFL learners of intermediate proficiency level. The design was an intact-factorial, and the instruments utilized comprised a Nelson intermediate level test of general English proficiency, two compositions as pre-test and post-test, and four compositions as experimental tasks. The subjects were divided into three groups: a control group receiving teacher evaluation, and two experimental groups receiving selfand peer-evaluation, respectively. The findings indicated that peer-evaluation had a significant effect on the students’ general writing performance as well as on the five components explored in this study. It was also revealed that there was an interaction between the evaluation type and pre-test / post-test, and between the components and pre-test / post-test. On the contrary, no interaction was found between the type of evaluation, components, and pre-test / post-test. Introduction In writing classes, teachers consider responding to the students’ writing as their main task and the most time-consuming one but most of them have not an obvious idea of how to provide written feedback on students’ writing or what types of feedback are necessary, and most students have received no instruction in how to use written feedback or have not received any written feedback at al (Chastain, 1988). Writing evaluation will inevitably involve some degrees of self-disclosure in which teachers and students move beyond their conventional relationship. Nelson & Murphy (1993) have reiterated the importance of collaborative learning. They argue that as a shift in the teaching of composition from an emphasis on product to an emphasis on process, many writing instructors began to use peer-response groups in their writing classes. Elsewhere, White & Arndt (1991) restate that essentially, we see a process-focused approach to writing as an enabling approach, and the goal of this approach is to nurture the skills with which writers work out their own solutions to the problems they set themselves, with
Short Report Metabolic activation of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5- b ]pyridine and DNA adduct formation depends on p53: Studies in Trp53 ( 1 / 1 ), Trp53 ( 1 / 2 ) and Trp53 ( 2 / 2 ) mice

The expression of the tumor suppressor p53 can influence the bioactivation of, and DNA damage induced by, the environmental carcinogen benzo[ a ]pyrene, indicating a role for p53 in its cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated biotransformation. The carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5- b ]pyridine (PhIP), which is formed during the cooking of food, is also metabolically activated by CYP enzymes, particularly CYP1A2. We investigated the potential role of p53 in PhIP metabolism in vivo by treating Trp53( 1 / 1 ) , Trp53( 1 / 2 ) and Trp53( 2 / 2 ) mice with a single oral dose of 50 mg/kg body weight PhIP. N -(Deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5- b ]pyridine (PhIP-C8-dG) levels in DNA, measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, were significantly lower in liver, colon, forestomach and glandular stomach of Trp53( 2 / 2 ) mice compared to Trp53( 1 / 1 ) mice. Lower PhIP-DNA adduct levels in the livers of Trp53( 2 / 2 ) mice correlated with lower Cyp1a2 enzyme activity (measured by methoxyresorufin-O-demethylase activity) in these animals. Interestingly, PhIP-DNA adduct levels were significantly higher in kidney and bladder of Trp53( 2 / 2 ) mice compared to Trp53( 1 / 1 ) mice, which was accompanied by higher sulfotransferase (Sult) 1a1 protein levels and increased Sult1a1 enzyme activity (measured by 2-naphthylsulfate formation from 2-naph-thol) in kidneys of these animals. Our study demonstrates a role for p53 in the metabolism of PhIP in vivo , extending previous results on a novel role for p53 in xenobiotic metabolism. Our results also indicate that the impact of p53 on PhIP biotransformation is tissue-dependent and that in addition to Cyp1a enzymes, Sult1a1 can contribute to PhIP-DNA adduct formation.
Plants for medicines: a chemical and pharmacological survey of plants in the Australian Region.

This book gives details of alkaloid and anti-tumour screening by the CSIRO of nearly 2000 species, the pharmacological testing of the alkaloids of selected species, and the chemical fractionation of those species which had reproducible tumour-inhibiting properties. The book includes 64 colour plates and over 400 line illustrations of chemical structures.
NUMERICAL APPROXIMATION OF 1 ST KIND VOLTERRA CONVOLUTION INTEGRAL EQUATIONS WITH DISCONTINUOUS KERNELS

The cubic “convolution spline” method for first kind Volterra convolution integral equations was introduced in [Convolution spline approximations of Volterra integral equations, J. Integral Equations Appl. , 26:369–410, 2014 ]. Here we analyse its stability and convergence for a broad class of piecewise smooth kernel functions and show it is stable and fourth order accurate even when the kernel function is discontinuous. Key tools include a new discrete Gronwall inequality which provides a stability bound when there are jumps in the kernel function, and a new error bound obtained from a particular B-spline quasi-interpolant.
Disruption of semantic metwork in mild Alzheimer ' s disease revealed by resting state fMRI

Subtle semantic deficits can be observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients even in the early stages of the illness. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that the semantic control network is deregulated in mild AD patients. We assessed the integrity of the semantic control system using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in a cohort of patients with mild AD (n = 38; mean mini-mental state examination = 20.5) and in a group of age-matched healthy controls (n= 19). Voxel-wise analysis spatially constrained in the left frontotemporal semantic control network identified two regions with altered functional connectivity (FC) in AD patients, specifically in the pars opercularis (POp, BA44) and in the posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG, BA21). Using whole-brain seed-based analysis, we demonstrated that these two regions have altered FC even beyond the semantic control network. In particular, the pMTG displayed a wide-distributed pattern of lower connectivity to several brain regions involved in language-semantic processing, along with a possibly compensatory higher connectivity to the Wernicke’s area. We conclude that in mild AD brain regions belonging to the semantic control network are abnormally connected not only within the network, but also to other areas known to be critical for language processing. 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IBRO. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
THE EFFECT OF FOLIAR PREPARATION WITH SILICON ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF POTATO TUBERS IN COMPARED TO SELECTED BIOSTIMULATORS

In field studies in light soil (loamy sand), the effect of biostimulatory foliar preparations on yield and selected elements of potato tuber quality was assessed. During the growing season, two foliar treatments (in development phases of BBCH 19 and 39) were applied using the Krzemian preparation, as well as Dynamic Plus, Nano Active Forte and Kelpak SL. The control was not subject to foliar fertilisation. Under the influence of foliar fertilisation with Krzemian, a significant increase in tuber yield was obtained, on average by 10.8% compared to the control. The tuber yield following Krzemian application did not differ significantly compared to that obtained under the influence of the preparations Dynamic Plus, Nano Active Forte and Kelpak SL. Significantly higher content of starch and vitamin C was found, as well as a reduction in the level of nitrates in tubers after application of the silicon preparation and other biostimulators in relation to the control. The impact of all preparations had no significant effect on tuber yield structure or the ratio of deformed and green tubers compared to the control.
Growth and Yield of Baby Corn ( Zea mays L . ) as Influenced by Plant Growth Regulators and Different Time of Nitrogen Application

Field experiment was carried out at Eastern Block farm, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during late rabi (February-March) 2003 season to find out the effect of different plant growth regulators and split application of nitrogen on the productivity of baby corn. The field trial was laid out in split plot design and replicated thrice. Growth regulators viz., Mepiquat chloride @ 200 ppm, NAA @ 40 ppm, Putrescine @ 50 ppm along with water spray (control) were taken in main plots and split application of nitrogen viz., 1⁄2 basal + 1⁄2 N at 25 DAS, 1⁄2 basal + 1⁄2 at 45 DAS, 1⁄2 basal + 1⁄4 at 25 DAS + 1⁄4 at 45 DAS; and 1⁄4 basal + 1⁄2 at 25 DAS + 1⁄4 at 45 DAS were taken in sub plots. The results revealed that growth regulators application had significant influence on growth parameters of baby corn. Higher values of growth parameters were registered with NAA @ 40 ppm. Application of N in split doses had marked influence on the above parameters and the values were highest with application as 1⁄2 basal + 1⁄4 at 25 DAS + 1⁄4 at 45 DAS. Cob yield was higher under Mepiquat chloride @ 200 ppm spray (8003 kg ha ) which was comparable with NAA @ 40 ppm spray -1 (7872 kg ha ). With regard to split application of nitrogen, application of nitrogen as 1⁄2 basal + 1⁄4 at 25 DAS + -1 1⁄4 at 45 DAS produced significantly higher cob yield (8122 kg ha ) when compared to other treatments. -1
Aesthetic face evaluation in individuals with Dentofacial Deformities

Mailing address: Silmara Regina Pavani Sovinski Av. Independência, 258 Maringá – PR – Brasil CEP: 87015-020 E-mail: silmarapavani@hotmail.com ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze the face aesthetic features of individuals with dentofacial deformities (DDF) and the possible aspects related to skin features such as wrinkles and grooves. Methods: we evaluated 36 young adults (average 27.22 years), in three groups, DDF standard II, III and control group (CG). Facial analysis was performed using the Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation – MBGR Protocol. We developed a facial aesthetic evaluation protocol from validated analyzes for wrinkle classification, marionette lines and grooves in the orbicularis eye area. The relevant statistical tests were performed. Results: individuals with DDF and 50% of the control group showed changes regarding facial asymmetry and nasolabial angle, with a statistically significant difference between DDF-II, III and DDF-GC. Individuals with DDF presented a greater frequency of changes to the vertical grooves in the lips area as well as marionette lines, with no differences between groups. There was a positive correlation between procerus grooves and vertical lip grooves, grooves in the orbicularis eye region with nasolabial folds and marionette lines. The nasolabial angle was correlated with forehead grooves. Age correlated with nasolabial folds, grooves in the procerus area, marionette lines and lip grooves in the orbicular area. Conclusion: individuals with DDF presented alterations in their facial symmetry, nasolabial angle and skin regarding wrinkles. Facial aesthetic aspects correlated with each other as well as the nasolabial angle with forehead grooves. Age also showed a correlation with facial aesthetics.
Does Mood Impact on Acquirers ’ Announcement Abnormal Returns ?

We argue that mood influences investors’ perceptions of potential merger synergies and risks, thus significantly affecting acquirer announcement abnormal returns. We proxy daily mood based on Facebook’s status updates across nineteen markets and show that there is a significant positive relation between mood and bidder announcement stock market reaction. We find that bids announced during periods of good mood generate significantly higher announcement abnormal returns than those announced during bad mood periods. This relationship is more pronounced in acquisitions with a low percentage of blockholder ownership, acquisitions of public targets, and acquisitions of large targets relative to the size of the bidders. Overall, the results support behavioral extensions of neoclassical theory.
Narco-Messages: Competition and Public Communication by Criminal Groups

ABSTRACT Criminal groups often avoid the limelight, shunning publicity. However, in some instances, they overtly communicate, such as with banners or signs. This article explains the competition dynamics behind public criminal communication and provides theory and evidence of the conditions under which it emerges. Relying on a new dataset of approximately 1,800 banners publicly deployed by Mexican criminal groups from 2007 to 2010, the study identifies the conditions behind such messaging. The findings suggest that criminal groups “go public” in the presence of interorganizational contestation, violence from authorities, antagonism toward the local media, local demand for drugs, and local drug production. Some of these factors are associated only with communication toward particular audiences: rivals, the state, or the public. An interesting finding is that the correlates of criminal propaganda are sometimes distinct from those of criminal violence, suggesting that these phenomena are explained by separate dynamics.
The Group-theoretic Description of Musical Pitch Systems

Since the resources of a pitch system ultimately depend on the pairwise relations between pitches, the question is one of how to conceive of pitch intervals. In contrast to the prevailing approach which describes intervals in terms of frequency ratios, Balzano presents a description of pitch sets as mathematical groups and describes how the resources of any pitch system may be assessed using this description. Thus he is concerned with presenting an algebraic description of pitch systems as a competitive alternative to the existing acoustic description. In these notes, I shall first give a brief description of the ratio based approach (§2) followed by an equally brief exposition of some necessary concepts from the theory of groups (§3). The following three sections concern the description of the 12-fold division of the octave as a group: §4 presents the nature of the group C12; §5 describes three perceptually relevant properties of pitch-sets in C12; and §6 describes three musically relevant isomorphic representations of C12. In §8 we review some psychological evidence for this way of characterising the resources of the 12-fold pitch system before proceeding to consider the extension of the approach to microtonal pitch systems in §7. Finally, we outline some related approaches to the representation of pitch in §9 and discuss the wider significance of the algebraic approach in §10.
Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of tritordeum wheat and barley

Whole grains are a source of numerous antioxidant compounds such as phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, proanthocyanidins, lignans and others which are able to scavenge free radicals. Thus cereals seem to be very useful in preventing chronic diseases like metabolic syndrome (obesity, high blood pressure, high blood triglyceride and glucose levels), diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases. Recently, there has been an increased consumer demand for cereal based foods, especially whole cereals. Such demand provides scope for innovations of which an important one is introduction of a completely new cereal cross called tritordeum. This alternative cereal, which is presented as a good source of health beneficial compounds, was assessed in this study and compared with wheat and barley. The total phenolic content (TPC) and related total antioxidant activity (TAA) were investigated via two spectrophotometric methods using a stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and Folin-Ciocalteau reagent respectively. Both TPC and related TAA values of tritordeum and wheat were similar but were significantly lower compared to barley. Results have also revealed a close relationship between TAA and TPC (R = 0.93, p < 0.05), which might suggest that increased antioxidant activity in those grains is caused by phenolic compounds contained in them. Tritordeum seems to represent a new cereal with good prospects; nevertheless more detailed analysis of its health related compounds is required.