Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perception of parents of private school students on measles and rubella vaccination campaign in Sambalpur town

Background: In order to eliminate measles and rubella (congenital rubella syndrome) WHO has emphasized on measles and rubella (MR) vaccination campaign and India launched the ambitious MR Campaign with the help of WHO and GAVI. In Odisha the MR campaign was launched on January 29 with a target to cover nearly 1.13 crore children. The objective of the present study is to assess the knowledge of parents regarding measles and rubella infection and to identify the source of information regarding MR campaign. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Sambalpur City across 10 private schools during February 10 to March 12. Total 440 parents of children aged 5-15 years were given a questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards MR Campaign. The data were collected subsequently in the next 10 days. Out of 440 parents 408 returned filled up questionnaire. Data were entered into and analyzed by using Microsoft Excel.Results: Out of the 408 respondents 362 (88.7%) parents had knowledge about MR campaign. 156 respondents was aware about importance of rubella vaccine. Parent teacher meeting (PTM) was the leading source of information for these. 388 (95%) respondent’s children had received the vaccine during campaign.Conclusions: Parent-teacher's meeting was the main source of information. However social mobilisation such as street play, miking, rallies by school children and NGOs etc., needs to be taken up for such campaigns in future.
Multidisciplinary treatment of thymic neuroendocrine tumors: surgery remains a key component.

Background Thymic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare malignancies often treated in a multidisciplinary fashion. However, evidence for adjunctive therapy is limited, and predictors of survival and recurrence are not well established. Methods Patients treated for thymic NETs at a single center from 1975 to 2018 were reviewed. Variables collected pertained to tumor factors, stage, and treatments, including surgery. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to determine predictors of overall survival (OS) and recurrence. Results We identified treated 49 patients, among whom 36 (73%) were male with a median age of 46 years. Surgical resection was pursued in 41 (84%) patients, and chemotherapy and radiation therapy were used in 27 (55%) and 21 (43%) instances as either neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or definitive therapy. Median tumor size was 6.5 centimeters and most tumors were intermediate-grade. During a median follow-up time of 60.8 months following surgical resection, disease recurrence was observed in 29 (71%) patients and median survival time was 83.7 months. In Kaplan-Meier analysis for survival, surgical resection was associated with a longer survival time (P=0.002), while receipt of neoadjuvant therapy was associated with poorer survival. Larger tumor size was associated with recurrence following resection (P=0.047). Conclusions Thymic NETs represent a heterogeneous disease with variable survival. While we are unable to report clear evidence that supports the use of adjunctive therapies, surgery is important to survival. Additionally, it is likely that those receiving induction chemotherapy represent a unique cohort with advanced or aggressive disease. Among surgical candidates, tumor size predicts disease recurrence.
The experience of education of the army child

In the UK, there are over 100,000 children from an army background and parliamentary debate has highlighted the issue of the challenging experiences of these children in local schools. Using an ethnographic approach, this thesis investigates the educational experiences of army children. Four year eight children from one school were observed and interviewed in order to build up in-depth case studies. In addition, the outcomes from discussions with their parents, teachers and other associated education and army professionals were explored. The emerging findings were subsequently compared with findings from a second research site. Working within a sociocultural theoretical framework, it was found that there was a clash of cultures between the world of the army and the world of the school. As a result, army children's needs were not sufficiently identified and understood and neither the army nor schools attended to the children's needs. Furthermore, the culture of the home was seen to have a strong effect on the educational experiences of the army child with the role of the mother being considered to be particularly important. Another important finding was that the mobile lifestyle also had a negative effect on the children's educational experiences. As a result, the children developed unique and individual coping strategies. The research has implications for both military and educational policy makers, as well as for the teachers and parents of army children, in terms of collaboration between army and local education authorities in order to improve the educational experiences of the army child. More generally, the research addresses the role of the home in supporting school experiences and suggests that further research into the effect of mobility on children's educational achievement is necessary.
State-specific cigarette use rates among service members and veterans, United States, 2017

INTRODUCTION Little is known about the geographical distribution of cigarette use among military service members and veterans. In this study, we estimated state-specific rates of current cigarette use for service members and veterans and compared these to the current cigarette use rates of civilians. METHODS We used data from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to generate survey-weighted percentages with 95% confidence intervals of current cigarette use among service members and veterans (SMVs) and civilians. Respondents (n=450016) were classified as an SMV if they answered in the affirmative to the following question: ‘Have you ever served on active duty in the United States Armed Forces, either in the regular military or in a National Guard or military reserve unit? ’. Current cigarette users were persons who reported having smoked 100 cigarettes in their lifetime and smoked ‘some days’ or ‘every day’ at the administration of the survey. RESULTS Nationally, 17.3% (95% CI: 16.6–18.0) of SMVs reported current cigarette use, while 16.2% (95% CI: 16.0–16.5) of civilians reported current cigarette use. By state, current cigarette use rates ranged from 10.0% in Utah (95% CI: 7.5–12.5) to 23.7% in Indiana (95% CI: 20.9–26.5) among service members and veterans, and from 8.8% in Utah (95% CI: 8.0–9.6) to 27.0% in West Virginia (95% CI: 25.3–28.6) among civilians. CONCLUSIONS Resources and interventions directed at cigarette smoking cessation should consider military status and geography when recruiting participants.
Comparative Study of Mental Health States Among Adolescents in Multicultural Versus Monocultural Families, Using the 13th Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey, 2017

Objectives: The mental health of multicultural adolescents is an important social issue. We explored the differences in adolescents’ mental health, including suicide modalities, between adolescents in multicultural and those in monocultural families. Methods: The results of 13th Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBS) in 2017 were used. KYRBS is a cross-sectional survey, and the participants were drawn as stratified multistage clustered samples from 400 middle and 400 high schools in Korea. Student participation was voluntary and anonymous in this self-report, web-based survey. Results: Of the targeted 64991 adolescents, 62276 (response rate 95.8%) participated, and 58052 were finally included in this survey. The multicultural adolescents made up 1.56% of the participants, with female predominance and, compared with the monocultural adolescents, they were younger, shorter, and slenderer, and had lower parent educational status, lower self-recognized academic performance, lower economic status, and used smartphone longer time. Depressive mood was not statistically significantly higher, but suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts were higher in the multicultural adolescents. Daily smoking and drinking status, lower economic status, poorer self-recognized academic performance, and multicultural background itself, were positively related to suicidal attempts, and of these factors, the odds ratio was highest for a multicultural background, at 9.50. Conclusions: Multicultural adolescents tend to have much higher risk of suicidality problems. Therefore, more intensive education and practical prevention strategies are needed to reduce the suicidal behaviors of multicultural adolescents.
Preoperative treatment of anemia-could an ultra-short-term multimodal approach be beneficial for patients undergoing lung surgery?

Lung cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm and the leading cause of cancer related death worldwide (1). Advances in treatment of patients with lung cancer have not significantly improved overall survival throughout the last decades (2,3). To increase the patients’ benefit from lung surgery and to reduce intervention related morbidity and mortality, perioperative programs mainly addressing pulmonary complications have been established (4-6). As part of preoperative optimization the treatment of anemia moved more and more into the focus within in the last years.
A qualitative study of patient perspectives related to glucocorticoid therapy in polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis

Objective To determine patient experiences of glucocorticoid (GC) therapy in polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA). Methods Patients with a diagnosis of PMR or GCA were invited to participate in this qualitative study that used focus groups to explore: symptoms onset, process of diagnosis, treatment, adverse effects (AEs), and ongoing condition/s management. Data were transcribed verbatim and a “framework” approach was used for analysis and interpretation. Results Fourteen patients participated. Weight gain, changes in face and neck shape, and bruising were commonly reported and impacts of these AEs on quality of life were highlighted. Dealing with uncertainties associated with long-term experiences of the condition/s and cycles of GC treatment were raised as were workload demands for patients in managing both the condition and other people’s expectations and recommendations related to GC therapy. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that the patient experience of GC use is poorly captured by usual physician monitoring for GC AEs. These findings suggest that development of a patient-reported outcome instrument for inflammatory conditions treated with GCs is required.
Endogenous IL-33 and Its Autoamplification of IL-33/ST2 Pathway Play an Important Role in Asthma

Key Points IL-33 autoamplifies the IL-33/ST2 pathway by inducing its own and ST2 expression. Airway epithelial cells are the major source of endogenous IL-33 production. An intact endogenous IL-33/ST2 pathway is necessary for asthma-like mouse models. IL-33 and its receptor ST2 are contributing factors to airway inflammation and asthma exacerbation. The IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway is involved in both the onset and the acute exacerbations of asthma. In this study, we address the role of endogenous IL-33 and its autoamplification of the IL-33/ST2 pathway in Ag-dependent and Ag-independent asthma-like models. Wild-type, IL-33 knockout, ST2 knockout mice were either intratracheally administrated with 500 ng of rIL-33 per day for four consecutive days or were sensitized and challenged with OVA over 21 d. In wild-type mice, IL-33 or OVA induced similar airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilic airway inflammation. IL-33 induced its own mRNA and ST2L mRNA expression in the lung. IL-33 autoamplified itself and ST2 protein expression in airway epithelial cells. OVA also induced IL-33 and ST2 protein expression. In IL-33 knockout mice, the IL-33– and OVA-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilic airway inflammation were both significantly attenuated, whereas IL-33–induced ST2L mRNA expression was preserved, although no autoamplification of IL-33/ST2 pathway was observed. In ST2 knockout mice, IL-33 and OVA induced airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilic airway inflammation were both completely diminished, and no IL-33/ST2 autoamplification was observed. These results suggest that endogenous IL-33 and its autoamplification of IL-33/ST2 pathway play an important role in the induction of asthma-like phenotype. Thus an intact IL-33/ST2 pathway is necessary for both Ag-dependent and Ag-independent asthma-like mouse models.
Modern ultrasound imaging of pancreatic tumors

In patients with solid pancreatic lesions (SPLs), the differential diagnosis must be evaluated to determine whether radical surgery, pancreatic parenchyma-saving strategies, or follow-up is indicated. Contrast-enhanced (endoscopic) ultrasonography and elastography facilitate the further characterization of SPLs. The majority of cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma exhibit hypoenhancement with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Elastographically soft SPLs are benign with very few exceptions, whereas stiffer SPLs can be malignant or benign. This article reviews the current use of modern ultrasound imaging techniques, including contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and elastography, for the detection and characterization of SPLs. In particular, the unexcelled diagnostic potential of multiparametric endoscopic ultrasonography to detect and characterize small SPLs is highlighted.
Combination of Selected MET and EGFR Inhibitors Decreases Melanoma Cells’ Invasive Abilities

We have previously shown that combination of foretinib, an inhibitor of MET (hepatocyte growth factor receptor), with gefitinib or lapatinib, inhibitors of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), has a synergistic cytotoxic effect on melanoma cells. However, there are cancer cells resistant to drugs’ treatment which are still able to invade. Thus, in this study, we examined the influence of these drugs on invasive abilities of melanoma cells. To investigate cell migration and invasion, Transwell inserts and wound healing assay were used. Cell viability was evaluated by XTT method, while invadopodia formation by immunocytochemistry. Level of phosphorylated Src kinase (pSrc) was verified by Western blot. Proteolytic activity of cells was analyzed using gelatin conjugated with fluorescein degradation assay and gelatin zymography. Combination of used inhibitors diminished cell movement, resulting in smaller distances covered by cells, and decreased the ratio of cells with ability to cross the Transwell inserts. These inhibitors induced changes in formation of invadopodia and actin cytoskeleton organization. Their application also decreased the level of pSrc kinase. Furthermore, used drugs led to reduction of proteolytic activity of examined cells. Our data support the idea that simultaneous targeting of EGFR and MET could be a promising therapeutic strategy inhibiting not only tumor cell growth but also its metastasis.
One-year clinical evaluation of e.max CAD and LavaTM ultimate laminate veneers with butt joint preparation (Randomized controlled clinical trial)

Purpose: The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate ceramic laminate veneers constructed from Lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD), and resin nano-ceramic (Lava UltimateTM CAD/CAM) according to the modified United States of Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria over 12 months. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight ceramic laminate veneers (fourteen for each group) were placed in the Fixed Prosthodontics Department clinics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University by one operator. The restorations were made using CEREC premium 4.4 CAD/CAM software with IPS e.max CAD and Lava UltimateTM CAD/CAM blocks. Modified USPHS criteria were used to evaluate the clinical performance of the restorations. Patient satisfaction were assessed using visual analogue scale. Fisher’s Exact test was used to compare between the two groups. Friedman’s test was used to study the changes by time in each group. Patient satisfaction scores (VAS scores) were presented as median and range values. Results: Regrading marginal adaptation, retention, and fracture, through the whole study period; all restorations in the two groups showed (Alpha) scores. While for marginal discoloration, all surfaces of restorations in the two groups showed (Alpha) scores till 6 months. While after 8, 10 and 12 months; the palatal surface of Lava Ultimate group showed (Bravo) scores. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups after 12 months (P-value = 0.481). The overall satisfaction of restorations was very satisfied by 85.7% and satisfied by 14.3%. Conclusion: Both IPS e.max CAD and Lava Ultimate laminate veneers revealed high successful clinical performance over a period of 12 months follow up. *Correspondence to: Mai M ElGendi, Dentist at ministry of health, Cairo, Egypt, E-mail: mai.eltohami@dentistry.cu. edu.eg
Role of voltage-dependent K+ and Ca2+ channels in coronary electromechanical coupling: Effects of metabolic syndrome

1. Berwick ZC, Kroessel T, Haub E. Reactions of 2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid. Indiana University Undergraduate Research Conference Journal. 2007. 2. Berwick ZC, Lynch B, Payne GA, Dick G, Sturek M, Tune JD. Contribution of adenosine A2A and A2B receptor subtypes to coronary reactive hyperemia: Role of KV and KATP channels. FASEB J. 2010. 3. Bender SB, Berwick ZC, Laughlin MH, Tune JD. Functional expression of P2Y1 purinergic receptors in the coronary circulation. FASEB J. 2010. 4. Berwick ZC, Kurian MM, Kohr MC, Moberly SP, and Tune JD. Contribution of IKCa Channels to the Control of Coronary Blood Flow. FASEB J. 2011. 5. Moberly SP, Berwick ZC, Kohr M, Svendsen M, Mather KJ, and Tune JD. Intracoronary infusion of Glucagon-like peptide 1 acutely enhances myocardial glucose uptake during ischemia in canines. FASEB J. 2011. 6. Berwick ZC, Dick GM, Bender SB, Moberly SP, Kohr MC, Goodwill AG, Tune JD. Contribution of CaV1.2 channels to coronary microvascular dysfunction in metabolic syndrome. FASEB J. In press. 7. Berwick ZC, Moberly SP, Kohr MC, Morrical E, Kurian MM, Goodwill AG, Tune JD. Contribution of voltage-dependent potassium and calcium channels to coronary pressure-flow autoregulation. FASEB J. In press. 8. Moberly SP, Berwick ZC, Kohr MC, Mather KJ, Tune JD. Cardiac responses to intravenous glucagon-like peptide 1 are impaired in metabolic syndrome. FASEB J. In press. 9. Kohr MC, Lai X, Moberly SP, Berwick ZC, Witzmann FA, Tune JD. Augmented coronary vasoconstriction to epicardial perivascular adipose tissue in metabolic syndrome. FASEB J. In press. PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS 2005 American Chemical Society 2009 American Physiological Society 2010 American Heart Association 2011 Microcirculatory Society 2011 Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine ACADEMIC ASSOCIATIONS AND AWARDS 2006 President of IUS Field Biology Club 2007 Pinnacle Honors Society 2007 Student Government Association Senator 2009 Graduate Representative of Cellular and Integrative Physiology 2010 IU Graduate Department Travel Fellowship 2010 President of IU School of Medicine Graduate Student Organization 2011 President of IUPUI Graduate and Professional Student Government 2011 Theodore J.B. Stier Fellowship for Excellence in Research 2011 Indiana Physiological Society Outstanding Abstract Award 2011 Gill Symposium Outstanding Graduate Student Thesis Award honorable mention 2012 Theodore J.B. Stier Fellowship for Excellence in Research 2012 Burton E. Sobel Young Investigator Award
Multicentre evaluation of impacted and transmigrated canines: a retrospective study

Abstract Objectives The present multicentre study assessed the prevalence and patterns of impacted and transmigrated maxillary and mandibular canines in a Turkish subpopulation. Methods The study identified 1625 patients who had impacted teeth from a group of 10,700 patients (referred to three university hospitals between January 2014 and December 2015) and examined the accompanying records, panoramic and periapical radiographs, and cone-beam computed tomographic images (if available). An impacted canine was considered to be transmigrated when at least part of the tooth had crossed the midline. Results Out of 1625 patients, 163 (10.0%) had impacted canines (comprising a total of 170 affected teeth). Impacted canines were found in the maxilla in 114 patients (69.9%) and 49 patients (30.1%) showed mandibular canine impaction. Thirty-eight patients (2.3%) had transmigrated canines, of which twenty (52.6%) were located in the mandible, while 18 (47.4%) were found in the maxilla. No significant difference was evident between the genders, the site (right/left) and the impacted/transmigrated canines (p > 0.05). However, it was determined that canine impaction was significantly more frequent in the maxilla than in the mandible (p < 0.05). In addition, of the 38 patients presenting with transmigrated canines, eight (21.6%) had a history of alpha thalassemia. Conclusions Canine transmigration occurs in both the mandible and maxilla. The prevalence of impacted/transmigrated canines in the studied population was 10.0% and 2.3%, respectively. The mechanism of transmigration of maxillary canines remains unclear and requires further investigation. However, a possible correlation with genetic disorders (like alpha thalassemia) should not be overlooked.