Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring creativity and critical thinking in traditional and innovative problem-based learning groups.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To explore students' attitude towards problem-based learning, creativity and critical thinking, and the relevance to nursing education and clinical practice. BACKGROUND Critical thinking and creativity are crucial in nursing education. The teaching approach of problem-based learning can help to reduce the difficulties of nurturing problem-solving skills. However, there is little in the literature on how to improve the effectiveness of a problem-based learning lesson by designing appropriate and innovative activities such as composing songs, writing poems and using role plays. DESIGN Exploratory qualitative study. METHODS A sample of 100 students participated in seven semi-structured focus groups, of which two were innovative groups and five were standard groups, adopting three activities in problem-based learning, namely composing songs, writing poems and performing role plays. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS There are three themes extracted from the conversations: 'students' perceptions of problem-based learning', 'students' perceptions of creative thinking' and 'students' perceptions of critical thinking'. Participants generally agreed that critical thinking is more important than creativity in problem-based learning and clinical practice. Participants in the innovative groups perceived a significantly closer relationship between critical thinking and nursing care, and between creativity and nursing care than the standard groups. CONCLUSIONS Both standard and innovative groups agreed that problem-based learning could significantly increase their critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Further, by composing songs, writing poems and using role plays, the innovative groups had significantly increased their awareness of the relationship among critical thinking, creativity and nursing care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Nursing educators should include more types of creative activities than it often does in conventional problem-based learning classes. The results could help nurse educators design an appropriate curriculum for preparing professional and ethical nurses for future clinical practice.
Peritoneal mesothelioma: a review.

BACKGROUND Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare aggressive tumor of the peritoneum, regarded as a universally fatal disease. It is poorly described and the knowledge of its natural history is very limited. Occupational and environmental asbestos exposure still remains a public health problem around the world. The incidence has increased in the past 2 decades. Only 20% to 33% of all mesotheliomas arise from the peritoneum itself; the pleura is the most common site of origin.
Maximum ratio transmission

This paper presents the concept, principles, and analysis of maximum ratio transmission for wireless communications where multiple antennas are used for both transmission and reception. The principles and analysis are applicable to general cases, including maximum ratio combining. Simulation results agree with the analysis. The analysis shows that the average overall SNR is proportional to the cross-correlation between channel vectors and that error probability decreases inversely with the (L/spl times/K)th power of the average SNR.
Vinblastine, bleomycin, and methotrexate chemotherapy plus extended-field radiotherapy in early, favorably presenting, clinically staged Hodgkin's patients: the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio dei Linfomi Experience.

PURPOSE To ascertain whether vinblastine, bleomycin, and methotrexate (VBM) (CT) combined with extended-field radiotherapy (EF RT) is effective enough to spare laparotomy in early, favorably presenting Hodgkin's disease (HD) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty patients with clinical stage IA or IIA HD with favorable histology and no bulky masses entered a prospective multicenter study started in January 1988. The median follow-up time was 38 months. RESULTS All patients achieved a complete remission (CR). Five relapsed after 3 to 40 months and underwent successful salvage therapy. The actuarial remission rate was 0.89% at 3 years and 0.82% at 5 years. Two patients died in CR: one of severe pulmonary toxicity, the other of a second neoplasia (adenocarcinoma of the lung), 2 and 43 months after the end of therapy, respectively. The hematologic toxicity recorded during VBM CT was mild on the whole. Major toxicity was represented by pulmonary side effects and neurologic symptoms. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that pulmonary toxicity was significantly related only to the amount of RT delivered to the mediastinum and not to the relative dose of bleomycin, to the dose-intensities of the three drugs in the regimen, or to patient age or sex. The same statistical technique showed that the only clinical factor related to grade of neurotoxicity was vinblastine dosage. CONCLUSION VBM CT combined with EF RT is an effective treatment for early, clinically staged, favorable HD patients. However, the toxicity of this combination suggests that certain modifications should be evaluated.
FoxN3 is required for craniofacial and eye development of Xenopus laevis

A functional knockdown of FoxN3, a member of subclass N of fork head/winged helix transcription factors in Xenopus laevis, leads to an abnormal formation of the jaw cartilage, absence or malformation of distinct cranial nerves, and reduced size of the eye. While the eye phenotype is due to an increased rate of apoptosis, the cellular basis of the jaw phenotype is more complex. The upper and lower jaw cartilages are derivatives of a subset of cranial neural crest cells, which migrate into the first pharyngeal arch. Histological analysis of FoxN3‐depleted embryos reveals severe deformation and false positioning of infrarostral, Meckel's, and palatoquadrate cartilages, structural elements derived from the first pharyngeal arch, and of the ceratohyale, which derives from the second pharyngeal arch. The derivatives of the third and fourth pharyngeal arches are less affected. FoxN3 is not required for early neural crest migration. Defects in jaw formation rather arise by failure of differentiation than by positional effects of crest migration. By GST‐pulldown analysis, we have identified two different members of histone deacetylase complexes (HDAC), xSin3 and xRPD3, as putative interaction partners of FoxN3, suggesting that FoxN3 regulates craniofacial and eye development by recruiting HDAC. Developmental Dynamics 236:226–239, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of continuous ultrasonic irrigation on postoperative pain in mandibular molars with nonvital pulps: a randomized clinical trial

AIM To evaluate via a randomized clinical trial the effect of continuous ultrasonic irrigation (CUI) on postoperative pain in mandibular molars with nonvital pulps. METHODOLOGY Seventy mandibular molars with nonvital pulps and apical periodontitis were treated endodontically using two different irrigation techniques. The patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups, CUI (n = 35) and syringe irrigation (SI) (n = 35). The CUI group received irrigant activation using a Proultra Piezoflow ultrasonic needle as the final irrigation protocol, whilst in the SI group, the final irrigation was performed using 27-gauge needle. All the patients were prescribed ibuprofen 400 mg to be taken every 8 h, if required. Postoperative pain using a visual analog scale and analgesic intake were recorded everyday for 7 days. Data were analysed using chi-Square, Mann-Whitney and multiple linear regression tests. RESULTS Mean postoperative pain was lower in the CUI as compared to SI group, but the difference was significant on the first day only (P = 0.032). The overall 24-h pain prevalence was 41.4%. CUI had a lower incidence of pain (31.4%) as compared to the SI group (51.4%), but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). No significant difference was observed in analgesic consumption between the groups (P > 0.05). Regression analysis revealed a significant association of mean postoperative pain at 24 h with the irrigant protocol (P = 0.017) and preoperative pain (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION A significant difference was observed between CUI and syringe irrigation on the first postoperative day following chemo-mechanical preparation. However, the benefit observed was not clinically relevant.
Evidence for anAssociationBetweenProstate Cancer andChromosome 8 q 24 and 10

Yunfei Wang, Anna M. Ray, Emilie K. Johnson, Kimberly A. Zuhlke, Kathleen A. Cooney, and Ethan M. Lange* DepartmentofGenetics,UniversityofNorthCarolina,ChapelHill,NorthCarolina Departmentof Biostatistics,UniversityofNorthCarolina,ChapelHill,NorthCarolina Departmentof InternalMedicine,UniversityofMichiganMedical School, UniversityofMichiganComprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor,Michigan DepartmentofUrology,UniversityofMichiganMedical School, UniversityofMichiganComprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor,Michigan Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center,UniversityofNorthCarolina,ChapelHill,NorthCarolina
Antibiotic Utilization in a Dental Teaching Hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Background: Various antibiotics are prescribed by dental practitioners to treat odontogenic infections. However, there has been no comprehensive study of antibiotics use in a dental teaching hospital in a developing country using World Health Organization (WHO) dose measurement units. Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the use of antibiotics among dental outpatients at a dental teaching hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study of outpatients’ medical records was carried out in order to identify oral antibiotics administered during January-December 2011. Prescriptions that included antibiotics (N=2024) were separated from total prescriptions collected from medical records. The source and type of antibiotics prescribed and the diagnoses were recorded. Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification and Defined Daily Dosage (DDD) measurement units were assigned, and the information was compiled, coded, analyzed in accordance with WHO guidelines. Results: Thirteen different antibiotics were prescribed and all were administered to patients. Antibiotics were frequently prescribed contrary to generally accepted criteria and there was wide variation in prescribing. The most commonly prescribed antibiotic was amoxicillin (78.8%), followed by clindamycin (9.0%) and metronidazole (5.0%). The dental diagnosis most frequently reported was pulp gangrene (26.7%), followed by pulp necrosis (8.8%) and impaction-related problems (6.4%). There was a marked increase in total antibiotics use expressed in defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 patient visit per month during September to November, which might have been associated with seasonal change or availability of student health insurance at the start of the academic year. Conclusion: Our findings show a high level of inappropriate antibiotics usage at a dental teaching hospital in Indonesia, and indicate that there is a need for educational initiatives and guidelines to promote best practice and appropriate use of antibiotics in this hospital.
Geographic and Racial Patterns of Preventable Hospitalizations for Hypertension: Medicare Beneficiaries, 2004–2009

Objectives. Hypertension as the primary reason for hospitalization is often used to indicate failure of the outpatient health-care system to prevent and control high blood pressure. Investigators have reported increased rates of these preventable hospitalizations for black people compared with white people; however, none have mapped them nationally by race. Methods. We used Medicare Part A data to estimate preventable hypertension hospitalizations from 2004–2009 using technical specifications published by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Rates per 100,000 beneficiaries were age- and sex-standardized to 2000 U.S. Census data. We mapped county-level rates by race and identified clusters of counties with extreme rates. Results. Black people had higher crude rates of these hospitalizations than white people for every year studied, and the test for an increasing linear time trend for the standardized rates was significant for both black and white people; that is, the gap between the races increased over time. For both races, clusters of high-rate counties occurred primarily in parts of Oklahoma, Texas, Southern Alabama, and Louisiana. High rates for white people were also found in parts of Appalachia. Large differences in rates among black and white people were found in a number of large urban areas and in parts of Florida and Alabama. Conclusions. Racial disparities in preventable hospitalizations for hypertension persisted through 2009. The gap between black and white people is increasing, and these inequities exist unevenly across the country. Although this study was intended to be purely descriptive, future studies should use multivariate analyses to examine reasons for these unequal distributions.
Behavioural mediators of genetic life-history trade-offs: a test of the pace-of-life syndrome hypothesis in field crickets

The pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis predicts associations between life history and ‘risky’ behaviours. Individuals with ‘fast’ lifestyles should develop faster, reproduce earlier, exhibit more risk-prone behaviours, and die sooner than those with ‘slow’ lifestyles. While support for POLS has been equivocal to date, studies have relied on individual-level (phenotypic) patterns in which genetic trade-offs may be masked by environmental effects on phenotypes. We estimated genetic correlations between life history (development, lifespan, size) and risky behaviours (exploration, aggression) in a pedigreed population of Mediterranean field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus). Path analyses showed that behaviours mediated some genetic relationships between life history traits, though not those involved in trade-offs. Thus, while specific predictions of POLS theory were not supported, genetic integration of behaviour and life history was present. This implies a major role for risky behaviours in life history evolution.
Organization and Bargaining: Sales Process Choice at Auto Dealerships

This paper examines how firms’ organizational form affects prices negotiated. Negotiated prices are one factor determining whether a vendor or customer captures the value from a transaction. Firms that systematically negotiate more effectively capture more value. Research has investigated individual- and market-level determinants of negotiation outcomes, but little has been done on the firm-level determinants of negotiated prices. I present a first look at one feature, sales process: whether salespeople handle the entire sale in parallel or customers begin with less experienced salespeople who can escalate difficult assignments. I model firms’ choice of sales process as a biform game and test predictions of the model using a combination of transaction-level data on new car purchases in the U.S. and a unique survey of dealership management practices. I find that a serial process has implications consistent with improving firms’ bargaining power and reducing customers’ outside option.
Response of the Ligamentous Lumbar Spine to Cyclic Bending Loads

The effect of a “pure” cyclic flexion bending moment on the three-dimensional load-displacement behavior of fresh ligamentous lumbar spine was investigated. The load-displacement behavior, for 11 L1–sacrum specimens, pre- and post-cyclic fatigue bending tests were quantified using a Selspot II system. A special fixture was designed to mount the specimen within the MTS system to administer “pure” cyclic flexion bending, under displacement control, for 5 hours. The testing was accomplished in a 100% humidity chamber at 0.5 Hz. The maximum cyclic bending moment, based on the literature dealing with loads experienced by the spine during activities involving lifting, was set at 3.0 Nm. An increase in motion of the order of 10% in the extension loading mode was observed. The increase in motion in other loading modes was not significant. In the extension loading mode, the increase in the anteroposterior displacement (retrodisplacement) in general was higher than the corresponding rotation component. The results suggest that the bending moment of low magnitude, usually experienced by the spine during activities of dally living, alone may not trigger the mechanical failure processes in the disc. The presence of high axial compressive loads on the disc seems to be the main contributing factor in this process. The presence of bending moments and axial twist along with axial compressive load may accelerate the unstable processes leading to low back pain.
Some apparent advantages of subclinical psychopathy.

Summary Classical descriptions of the psychopathic personality include a number of highly desirable characteristics in addition to the obviously undesirable ones. Following Eysenck, it is hypothesized that this personality type is not a type at all but merely an extreme of normal personality traits. Subclinical manifestations of psychopathy are therefore studied. The MMPI “PD” scale was administered together with other scales to a random postal sample of the Australian State of New South Wales. The resulting sample of 128 people showed a representative demographic structure. High “PD” scores were found to be associated with honesty (low lie scale scores), permissiveness, good perceived relationships with others, denial of being tough and rejection of punitiveness. They were also correlated with Machiavellianism and lesser education. It was concluded that as long as psychopaths can keep out of trouble, they may have many advantages over others.
Comparing the effect of oxytocin alone versus oxytocin plus intravenous and oral propranolol on labor progression: A randomized clinical trial study

Introduction:Cervical ripening methods are always used to prepare cervix during labor induction. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of oxytocin alone and oxytocin in combination with intravenous and oral propranolol on labor progression in natural childbirth. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 120 pregnant women with 38-41 weeks of gestational age. They divided into three groups using triplex random blocks. The sample size in each group was 40 cases. The Induction of labor started for the first group using oxytocin alone, the second group received oxytocin in combination with intravenous propranolol and the third group received oxytocin along with oral propranolol. The duration of first and second stages of labor and Apgar score, meconium passing and uterine atony were recorded for three groups. Chi-square test was used for qualitative variables. To compare the main variable of the study one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test were used. The significant level of . 05 was considered. Results: The duration of the first stage of labor in oxytocin alone group was 197.25 ± 66.9 minutes which was more than oxytocin with oral propranolol (128.25 ±35.29) and oxytocin with intravenous propranolol (122.00± 23.00) groups. It was a significant difference between the three groups (p = .0001). The duration of the second stage of labor in oxytocin alone group was 56.50 ± 29.70 minutes and in, oral propranolol and intravenous propranololgroups were 42.38 ± 17.17 and 54.38 ± 23.94 respectively. It was a significant difference between the three groups (p=. 021). Conclusion: Administration of propranolol with oxytocin particularly in oral method reduces the time of the first and second stages of labor in natural labor and also reduces caesarean section cases. In addition propranolol had no effect on maternal and neonatal complications. Keywords: Propranolol, labor onset, labor induction, labor stages
Efficacy and safety of continuous radiofrequency thermocoagulation plus pulsed radiofrequency for treatment of V1 trigeminal neuralgia

AbstractPatients may develop serious eye complications after continuous radiofrequency thermocoagulation (CRF) for V1 (ophthalmic division) trigeminal neuralgia (TN) at a higher temperature. Therefore, the temperature of clinical CRF for V1 TN has long been disputed, but there have few reports been found about how to achieve satisfactory pain relief, reduce the incidence rates of complications, and shorten the recovery time after CRF for V1 TN.To observe whether pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) can lead to increased rate in pain relief, reduced rate of complications, or shortened recovery time after CRF is used to treat V1 idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN). The prospective cohort study enrolled 56 patients with V1 ITN from May 2012 to April 2015. The patients were randomized into 2 treatment groups as follows: CRF only (group A, n = 28) and CRF plus PRF (group B, n = 28). The patients were followed 3 years up for pain relief, complications, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). All the patients in either group achieved satisfactory pain relief at discharge. After treatment, patients completely pain free in group A and group B accounted for 81.6%, 92.0% at 1 year, 68.4%, 92.0% at 2 years, and 68.4%, 83.6% at 3 years, respectively. The pain relief rate was higher in group B patients than in group A, but the difference was not statistically significant. During the follow-up period, 9 (32.1%) patients in group A and 2 (7.1%) patients in group B developed recurrence (P < 0.05). Eleven patients in group A occurred corneal hypoesthesia and with recovery time was 11.9 ± 7.5 (4–18) months versus 3 patients in group B with recovery time was 3.4 ± 2.5 (2–6) months, the differences of incidence rate and recovery times were all significant (P < 0.05) between groups A and B. The mean scores of HRQoL in group B patients were higher than that in group A patients (P < 0.05). PRF after CRF results in decreased recurrence of V1 TN, reduced numbers of corneal hypoesthesia, shortened recovery time, and increased HRQoL scores. Its clinical use is recommended.
Cribriform-Morular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Displaying Poorly Differentiated Features

Cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (CMVPTC) usually occurs in the setting of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) although it can rarely arise sporadically. Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) is a follicular cell-derived neoplasm with more aggressive behavior than well-differentiated carcinomas such as CMVPTC. We report the case of a 35-year-old woman without FAP history who presented a left neck mass and complained of back pain. Imagiological examinations revealed a nodule in the left lobe of thyroid and multiple nodular lesions in the bone and lungs suggestive of metastases. The patient was submitted to total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine. The tumor was composed of CMVPTC and PDTC components that shared the same somatic APC gene mutation (p.Cys520Tyr_fsX534). Besides this mutation, no CTNNB1, BRAF, N-RAS, and H-RAS gene mutations were detected in any of the 2 components. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a sporadic CMVPTC with transformation into PDTC. Although the majority of CMVPTCs carry an indolent clinical outcome, the coexistence of poorly differentiated areas may justify the aggressiveness of the CMVPTC reported here.