Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Use of SMAP-Reflectometry in Science Applications: Calibration and Capabilities

The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission became one of the newest spaceborne Global Navigation Satellite System–Reflectometry (GNSS-R) missions collecting Global Positioning System (GPS) bistatic radar measurements when the band-pass center frequency of its radar receiver was switched to the GPS L2C band. SMAP-Reflectometry (SMAP-R) brings a set of unique capabilities, such as polarimetry and improved spatial resolution, that allow for the exploration of scientific applications that other GNSS-R missions cannot address. In order to leverage SMAP-R for scientific applications, a calibration must be performed to account for the characteristics of the SMAP radar receiver and each GPS transmitter. In this study, we analyze the unique characteristics of SMAP-R, as compared to other GNSS-R missions, and present a calibration method for the SMAP-R signals that enables the standardized use of these signals by the scientific community. There are two key calibration parameters that need to be corrected: The first is the GPS transmitted power and GPS antenna gain at the incidence angle of the measured reflections and the second is the convolution of the SMAP high gain antenna pattern and the glistening zone (Earth surface area from where GPS signals scatter). To account for the GPS transmitter variability, GPS instrument properties—transmitted power and antenna gain—are collocated with information collected from the CYclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) at SMAP’s range of incidence angles (37.3° to 42.7°). To account for the convolutional effect of the SMAP antenna gain, both the scattering area of the reflected GPS signal and the SMAP antenna footprint are mapped on the surface. We account for the size of the scattering area corresponding to each delay and Doppler bin of the SMAP-R measurements based off the SMAP antenna pattern, and normalize according to the size of a measurement representative to one obtained with an omnidirectional antenna. We have validated these calibration methods through an analysis of the coherency of the reflected signal over an extensive area of old sea ice having constant surface characteristics over a period of 3 months. By selecting a vicarious scattering surface with high coherency, we eliminated scene variability and complexity in order to avoid scene dependent aliases in the calibration. The calibration method reduced the dependence on the GPS transmitter power and gain from ~1.08 dB/dB to a residual error of about −0.2 dB/dB. Results also showed that the calibration method eliminates the effect of the high gain antenna filtering effect, thus reducing errors as high as 10 dB on angles furthest from SMAP’s constant 40° incidence angle.
Deep Recurrent Neural Network and Data Filtering for Rumor Detection on Sina Weibo

Social media makes it easy for individuals to publish and consume news, but it also facilitates the spread of rumors. This paper proposes a novel deep recurrent neural model with a symmetrical network architecture for automatic rumor detection in social media such as Sina Weibo, which shows better performance than the existing methods. In the data preparing phase, we filter the posts according to the followers of the user. We then use sequential encoding for the posts and multiple embedding layers to get better feature representation, and multiple recurrent neural network layers to capture the dynamic temporal signals characteristic. The experimental results on the Sina Weibo dataset show that: 1. the sequential encoding performs better than the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) or the doc2vec encoding scheme; 2. the model is more accurate when trained on the posts from the users with more followers; and 3. the model achieves superior improvements over the existing works on the accuracy of detection, including the early detection.
The Effect of Two Types of machines (hulling and bleaching) on some qualitative Characteristics of rice cv.TarmHashemi

In the present experiment has been conducted to evaluate effect two types hulling and bleaching machines on some qualitative characteristics of the cultivar TH, in the laboratories of the Tehran University season in 2015. This research has used two types of machines Satake and Yanmar, under three levels of moisture content of grain 10-12% , 1214% and 14-16%,and three levels of clearance between cylinders 0.4 , 0.6 and 0.8 mm. The results indicate that the machine type Satake is significantly better than the machine type Yanmar in all studies traits for both stage two hulling and bleaching. As well as moisture content of grain 10-12% was superior significantly on two levels 12-14%,14-16% in all studied traits for both stage two hulling and bleaching. While clearance o.8 significant superior on two levels 0.4,0.6 mm in all studied traits for both stage hulling and bleaching . The overlap between the machine type Satake and grain moisture content 10-12% superior significantly and also the overlap between the machine type Satake to clearance 0.8. in all studied traits for both stage two hulling and bleaching, as compared with the overlap of the machine type Yanmar with moisture content of grain and of clearance in all studied traits for both stage two hulling and bleaching. The best results have come from the triple overlap among machine type Satake, grain moisture 10-12%, and clearance 0.8 mm in all studied traits, for both stage two hulling and bleaching.
Small dams alter thermal regimes of downstream water

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to quantify the downstream impacts of different types of small dams on summer water temperature in lowland streams. We examined (1) temperature regimes upstream and downstream of dams with different structural characteristics, (2) relationships between stream temperature anomalies and climatic variables, watershed area, dam height, impoundment length and surface area, and residence time, (3) the most significant variables explaining the different thermal behaviors, and (4) the dam thermal effect considering a biological threshold of 22 ∘C, with a calculation of both the number of days with a temperature above this threshold and the average hourly duration above this threshold. Water temperature loggers were installed upstream and downstream of 11 dams in the Bresse region (France) and monitored at 30 min intervals during summer (June to September) over the 2009–2016 period, resulting in 13 paired water temperature time series (two sites were monitored for two summers, allowing the opportunity to compare cold and hot summers). At 23 % of the dams, we observed increased downstream maximum daily temperatures of more than 1 ∘C; at the remaining dams we observed changes in the maximum daily temperature of −1 to 1 ∘C. Across sites, the mean downstream increase of the minimum daily temperature was 1 ∘C, and for 85 % of the sites this increase was higher than 0.5 ∘C. We hierarchically clustered the sites based on three temperature anomaly variables: upstream–downstream differences in (1) maximum daily temperature (ΔTmax), (2) minimum daily temperature (ΔTmin), and (3) daily temperature amplitude (ΔTamp). The cluster analysis identified two main types of dam effects on thermal regime: (1) a downstream increase in Tmin associated with Tmax either unchanged or slightly reduced for impoundments of low volume (i.e., a residence time shorter than 0.7 d and a surface area less than 35 000 m2), and (2) a downstream increase of both Tmin and Tmax of the same order of magnitude for impoundments of larger volume (i.e., a residence time longer than 0.7 d and a surface area greater than 35 000 m2). These downstream temperature increases reached 2.4 ∘C at certain structures with the potential to impair the structure of aquatic communities and the functioning of the aquatic ecosystem. Overall, we show that small dams can meaningfully alter the thermal regimes of flowing waters, and that these that these effects can be explained with sufficient accuracy (R2=0.7) using two simple measurements of small dam physical attributes. This finding may have importance for modelers and managers who desire to understand and restore the fragmented thermalscapes of river networks.
Hybrid Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory in CASTEP: a dCSE Project Part 2: Atomic Forces in Excited Electronic States

Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is a formally exact method for calculating electronic excitations. In particular, linearresponse TDDFT can be used to determine atomic forces in these excited states so that the structure and molecular dynamics can be probed. This report discusses the implementation of the above methods in CASTEP [2], one of the most popular electronic structure codes in use on HECToR. Making this functionality available opens up avenues for new science in a number of areas, including, but not limited to, photovoltaics and laser chemistry.
Left Behind: Lack of Research-Based Interventions for Children and Youth with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

The purpose of this article was to examine the evidence-based research supporting effective intervention and educational practices for children and youth with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. A review of the literature from 1999 to 2007 revealed three studies that met the inclusion criteria. Research studies employed experimental or quasi-experimental designs and provided limited evidence for effectiveness through multiple replications. Practices that were efficacious included family based intervention and social skills training. Implications and the need for future research are discussed.
The Genetic and Environmental Origins of Learning Abilities and Disabilities in the Early School

Despite the importance of learning abilities and disabilities in education and child development, little is known about their genetic and environmental origins in the early school years. We report results for English (which includes reading, writing, and speaking), mathematics, and science as well as general cognitive ability in a large and representative sample of U.K. twins studied at 7, 9, and 10 years of age. Although preliminary reports of some of these data have been published, the purpose of this monograph is to present new univariate, multivariate, and longitudinal analyses that systematically examine genetic and environmental influences for the entire sample at all ages for all measures for both the low extremes (disabilities) and the entire sample (abilities). English, mathematics, and science yielded similarly high heritabilities and modest shared environmental influences at 7, 9, and 10 years despite major changes in content across these years. We draw three conclusions that go beyond estimating heritability. First, the abnormal is normal: Low performance is the quantitative extreme of the same genetic and environmental influences that operate throughout the normal distribution. Second, continuity is genetic and change is environmental: Longitudinal analyses suggest that age-to-age stability is primarily mediated genetically, whereas the environment contributes to change from age to age. Third, genes are generalists and environments are specialists: Multivariate analyses indicate that genes largely contribute to similarity in performance within and between the three domains--and with general cognitive ability--whereas the environment contributes to differences in performance. These conclusions have far-reaching implications for education and child development as well as for molecular genetics and neuroscience.
Sonographic Measurement Fetal Abdominal Circumference and Fetal Abdominal Subcutaneous Tissue Thickness for Predicting Fetal Macrosomia

Objective: To evaluate the value of the sonographic measurement of fetal abdominal circumference (AC) and fetal abdominal subcutaneous tissue thickness (FASTT) for predicting fetal macrosomia. Material and Method: This prospective study was studied in term singleton pregnant women between February 2013 and January 2014. The fetal AC and FASTT were examined in all cases and fetal deliveries were within 24 hours. The fetal birth weight greater than 4,000 g. is macrosomia. Fetal AC and FASTT cut off values for predicting fetal macrosomia were analyzed. Results: This study included 302 pregnant women with median gestational age of 39 weeks (range 37-41). The prevalence of fetal macrosomia was 6.9%. At the cut off values of fetal AC ≥ 36.7 cm and FASTT ≥ 10.0 mm, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 95.2% and 81.0%, 93.2% and 86.8%, 51.3% and 31.5%, 99.6% and 98.4% and 93.4% and 86.4%, respectively. Conclusion: The sonographic measurements of fetal AC and FASTT were useful for predicting fetal macrosomia.
A NOTE ON THE ROLE OF DRAWINGS IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN AND EDUCATION

Olivera Dulić 1 Milena Krklješ 2 UDK: 72.01 DOI: 10.14415/konferencijaGFS2018.059 Summary: The research presented in this paper addresses the process of architectural design and particularly the role of graphic representations in that process. The present paper gives a brief state-of-the-art in the fields of design process and drawings that are involved in that process, but also tries to emphasize the importance of process drawings in the context of the architectural studio which represents the basic framework for acquiring the skills of architectural design. The findings of this study indicate that different types of drawings play a key role in the design process and that the creation of these graphic representations can be identified with the thinking process in architecture.
A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL FOR ROAD ACCIDENT ANALYSIS

In this paper a tool for effecting road accident analysis is proposed. Specifically, a structural equation model is introduced. Structural equation modelling (SEM) is a multivariate technique combining regression, factor analysis and analysis of variance in order to estimate interrelated dependence relationships simultaneously. This approach allows the modelling of a phenomenon by considering both the unobserved “latent” constructs and the observed indicators that describe the phenomenon. Structural equation models are made up of two components: the first describes the relationship between endogenous and exogenous latent variables, and permits the evaluation of both direction and strength of the causal effects among these variables (latent variable model); the second component describes the relationship between latent and observed variables (measurement model). Although SEM methodology is well-known and widely applied in several fields of research, nowadays there are not many practical applications in the field of road safety. The proposed model permits an exploration of the impact of the relationship between the accident severity and some accident characteristics. The data used for the model calibration relate to the accidents happened in 2003 in Cosenza province. For each accident some information was available. This information relates to different factors, such as environmental context, road characteristics and driver characteristics. In the proposed structural equation model the observed variables are the road accident characteristics, and two indicators of the road accident severity (number of injured and vehicles involved in the accident). The latent variables are the unobserved road accident aspects that can be explained by the observed variables. Model results were statistically significant and showed that “Road classification” observed variable has the greatest effect through the “Road characteristics” latent variable on accident severity; while, through the “Environmental context” latent variable, “Atmospheric condition” variable has the greatest effect. The proposed model can be useful in order to analyze the correlation between accident characteristics and identify the attributes which influence the severity of road accidents.
1 CEO Duality : Determinants and Consequences

We examine whether a firm’s operating environment influences the likelihood that the CEO is also appointed the Chair of the board of directors, and whether CEO-Chairs use their added power to extract rents from their firms. Specifically, we find that when a firm has a greater advisory need, the firm is more likely to appoint its CEO as Chair. However, we only find weak evidence of a positive relation between a firm’s need for managerial initiatives for innovation and its CEO being Chair. Finally, we show that managerial rent extraction is multidimensional by providing evidence that CEO-Chairs extract rents from their firms by receiving excess compensation and greater job security but not via managing earnings or negotiating for greater reliance on earningsversus stock-based measures to determine their compensation. Our study provides evidence consistent with both the optimal contracting and managerial power hypotheses. † Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College, City University of New York ⃰ C.T. Bauer College of Business, University of Houston ˆ Yonsei School of Business, Yonsei University
Passive Control of Aerodynamic Load in Wind Turbine Blades

Large wind turbine blades have many advantages in terms of power efficiency, despite representing an hazard concerning the high loads applied on the structure. Traditionally, there are active control systems that allow blades to adapt according to wind conditions, and so maintain power efficiency and aerodynamic load within acceptable levels. Since the end of the last century, some researchers have been discussing about passive control techniques. The implementation of this kind of aeroelastic response does not bring additional maintenance or weight, unlike active control, because there are no additional devices or complementary structures, and is very useful either to reduce fatigue loads or optimize energy output. The main purpose was to achieve an effective reduction in aerodynamic loading in a wind turbine blade applying the bend-twist coupling concept. In the scope of this work, computational models were developed that simulated the fluid-structure interaction on a enhanced blade model. Coupled analysis considering first only the aerodynamic load and then combining it with inertial were performed. The results demonstrated that this design can reduce aerodynamic load and maximum tip deflection in high wind speeds, thus proving to be a realistic passive control technique.
Promoting therapeutic outcomes in the management of Diabetes with Lycopene and VitaminE

An association exists between diabetes and liver injury. Liver pathology among diabetics is similar to that of alcoholic liver disease and cirrhosis. Elevated serum activity of aspartate (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) are frequently found in diabetics; both in human and experimental diabetes. This liver toxicity is partly caused by free radicals. The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefits of antioxidants Lycopene and Vitamin E in the management of diabetes. The experimental Albino rats used were divided into nine groups. The first and the second groups were controls; eight out of the nine groups were made diabetic with alloxan. The rats were treated accordingly with three concentrations of lycopene and vitamin E for four weeks. The increased level of glucose and liver markers were significantly reduced by the administration of Lycopene and Vitamin E especially with increasing doses.Lycopene and Vitamin E will be useful to promote therapeutic outcome in the management of diabetic patents.
PARENTAL CONTRIBUTION OF CURIMBA OFFSPRING IN DIFFERENT REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS

The knowledge of appropriate reproductive managements is fundamental for the management and orientation of activities in restocking centers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of artificial and semi-natural reproductive systems and sex ratios on parental contribution progeny of Prochilodus lineatus. Samples of caudal fins from 25 breeders subjected to the artificial reproductive system and 10 breeders subjected to the semi-natural reproductive system were collected in different sex ratios (1♂:1♀ and 2♂:1♀, and 1♂:1♀, respectively). Two hundred and eight fingerlings from these matings were evaluated. Breeding mortality was recorded shortly after reproductive procedures. For paternity analysis, 10 microsatellite loci were amplified. Three breeders died in the artificial reproductive system (two in the 1:1 ratio and one in the 2:1 ratio). In the 1:1 ratio in the artificial reproductive system, one male (M1.4) had a higher contribution in the progeny formation (41.8%), whereas in the 2:1 ratio, four males contributed from 14.5 to 21.7%. Lower reproductive dominance was identified in the semi-natural reproductive system, with values ranging from 22.86 to 25.71% for four males. In the formation of families, both systems demonstrated a reproductive dominance of some couples. So, the semi-natural reproductive system allowed greater homogeneity in the contribution of progeny without losses due to mortality.
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE ET CARACTÉRISTIQUES DES CONVULSIONS FEBRILES DE L'ENFANT

Rev Med Liège 2013; 68 : 4 : 180-185 Résumé : Les convulsions fébriles (CF), malgré leur bénignité, font toujours l’objet de discussions concernant les investigations à entreprendre et l’attitude thérapeutique à adopter. Notre étude vise à faire l’inventaire des éléments cliniques et paracliniques présents lors de survenue des CF et susceptibles d’en influencer la prise en charge. 275 épisodes de CF admis aux Urgences Pédiatriques du CHR sur une période de 5 ans ont été analysés rétrospectivement sur la base des circonstances de survenue, des caractéristiques cliniques, des examens paracliniques et de la prise en charge immédiate. Les CF représentent 1,4% des admissions pédiatriques. Un antécédent familial a pu être retrouvé dans 31,3 % des épisodes. 9% des crises étaient latéralisées, 11,7% étaient répétitives et 12,3% ont duré plus de 10 minutes. Les infections des voies respiratoires supérieures et otorhinolaryngologiques d’origine virale étaient les plus incriminées: 69,5%. Les explorations paracliniques étaient normales dans plus de 90 % des cas. L’évolution était spontanément favorable dans 73,8% des cas. Un anticonvulsivant a été nécessaire pour les 26,2 % restants. Notre travail confirme le caractère bénin de la majorité des CF et leur évolution favorable. La réalisation des examens complémentaires et l’indication d’un traitement antiépileptique doit reposer principalement sur l’analyse des signes de gravité. mots-clés : Convulsions fébriles Pronostic Investigations paracliniques EpidEmiology and chaRactERistics of fEbRilE sEizuREs in
CHRONIC COUGH AS THE PRESENTING MANIFESTATION OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Bronchial asthma may present as chronic cough alone without episodic wheeze or dyspnoea. History of wheeze on coughing and rhonchi on auscultation, if present, can be helpful clue to the diagnosis. Spirometric study is usually normal. Skin prick test by reflecting respiratory allergy is important especially in smokers to differentiate from chronic bronchitis. Histamine bronchoprovocation test may be negative. Bronchodilator therapy is both diagnostic and therapeutic.
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF MARKET REACTIONS

In 2017, insurers in the European Union disclosed their Solvency and Financial Condition Reports (SFCRs) according to the third pillar of Solvency II for the first time. The aim of this paper is to empirically analyze market reactions to the first SFCRs for all publicly listed insurers in the European Union that published an English report based on an event study. We thereby investigate which key figures and textual attributes matter most to investors, using regression analyses and text mining approaches. We also discuss potential areas for improvement concerning SFCR disclosure, which could further enhance the goals of transparency and market discipline in relation to Solvency II’s Pillar 3. Our results show that SFCR key figures matter more than textual features. Specifically, we find a significantly positive market impact of the solvency ratio calculated without transitionals or adjustments and a significantly negative one for the solvency capital requirement (SCR).