Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estudi morfofuncional del radi humà: aspectes morfogènics, biomecànics, i evolutius

Aquesta tesi te com a objectiu general estudiar la relacio entre l'activitat muscular i la morfologia del radi huma, per tal d'obtenir un millor coneixement del paper que juguen els estimuls mecanics en la morfogenesis del radi, i de com el disseny d'aquest os reflecteix la funcio i adaptacio de l'extremitat superior. L'analisi morfologic del radi ha permes comprovar l'existencia d'una variabilita en l'aparencaa osteologica de les seves entesis, aixi com en la conformacio de la curvatura de la seva diafisi. Part d'aquesta variabilitat es explicable pel patro d'estimulacio mecanica, derivat de l'activitat muscular a que el radi esta sotmes. D'altra banda, en la tesi es desenvolupen tres models biomecanics que permeten quantificar l'eficiencia dels musculs pronador rodo i biceps braquial en el moviment de pronosupinacio de l'avantbrac i flexio del colze. A partir d'una serie de simulacions s'ha constatat que l'eficiencia es un parametre variable i evolutiu. Varia en funcio del disseny esqueletic principalment de l'avantbrac i colze, i evoluciona al llarg del moviment de rotacio i de flexio. En l'ambit de l'Antropologia evolutiva, l'aplicacio dels models biomecanics a material esqueletic permet avaluar de forma mes precisa les implicacions funcionals de les diverses configuracions anatomiques tant de taxons moderns com fossils.
Incidence and population dynamics of leaf hopper, Amrasca bigutulla bigutulla (Cicadellidae:Homoptera) on four varieties of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) crop in Multan, Pakistan.

The leaf hopper, Amarasca bigutulla bigutulla Ishida is an important sucking pest of okra causing huge losses. The present study was aimed to study the incidence and population dynamics of Amarasca bigutulla bigutulla on four okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) varieties in Southern Punjab Pakistan. The results revealed non significant difference in the mean population of A. bigutulla bigutulla on different okra varieties. However, maximum population was observed on Green star and minimum population on Pusa sawani. The leaf hopper population varies in different dates throughout the season with maximum population observed in the first week of July, 2012. Host Plant Susceptibility Indices (HPSI,s) of various genotypes were also observed. HPSI,s of Sabz pari (32%) was maximum toward leaf hopper followed by Green star and arka anamika (25% each) and minimum in Pusa sawani (18%). Correlation with different environmental variables showed negative correlation with maximum temperature and positive significant correlation with relative humidity at morning 8 AM. The study will be helpful in the management of jassid on okra under agro-climatic conditions of Southern Punjab.
The Role of Physical and Financial Constraints in Export Dynamics

How do firms' sales interact across markets? Recent empirical work has suggested that foreign and domestic sales are substitutes for firms facing financial and physical capacity constraints. Using a large Spanish firm-level database for the period 1990-2011, we study the interconnections between exports and domestic sales. We provide a new measure to determine if firms face physical constraints based on the capacity utilization of the firm, and document that it is independent of firm fundamentals such as value added and productivity. Then, we built a theoretical framework consistent with the empirical facts presented where firms are heterogeneous across capacity and productivity. A firm facing a binding capacity constraint faces a trade-off between selling on the domestic market or the foreign market, and raises prices in order to take advantage of access to new markets. We establish the prevalence of these anomalous firms, and demonstrate that capacity constrained firms substitute sales across locations.
Osteoporotic hip fractures in low-income group population, hospital based case control study from India

Context: Osteoporosis is a public health problem in India with high incidence of fractures. Aim: The aim of the study w to know the profile of bone parameters and its factors associated with hip fractures in osteoporotic men and women living in low socioeconomic conditions. Settings and Design: A hospital-based case-control study was carried out in Orthopedics ward of the Osmania General Hospital (OGH), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. Materials and Methods: A total of 72 men and 72 women aged 35-70 years admitted in OGH with hip fractures during April 2005 to March 2008 were recruited. Age, gender and socioeconomic background matched controls (men: 72 and women: 46) living in Hyderabad were employed. Clinical examination, bone mineral density (BMD), anthropometric measurements, and biochemical markers of bone metabolism were analyzed. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive and inferential statistics were carried using SPSS. Results: The mean age of men with fractures was 59.1 ± 9.42 years while, in women, it was 63.6 ± 9.97 years. BMD at the hip (P Conclusion: The high prevalence of Osteoporotic fracture rates in Indians at an early age compared to developed countries highlights the need for dietary diversification, physical activity, self-care management, among the low-income group population to reduce the risk of osteoporosis and its associated risk factors.
Nutritional and Temporal Effects on Hypopharyngeal Glands of Africanized Honeybees (Hymenoptera – Apidae)

The hypopharyngeal gland (HG), along with the mandibular gland from Apis mellifera workers plays a fundamental role on the development of the hive. The protein based substances produced by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands are two important component of the royal jelly, which is responsible for caste differentiation and used to feed larvae, drones and the queen. Several factors may alter the physiology of glandular structures in honeybees and consequently their role within the beehive, and one of the most important factors is their nutritional status. However, few studies have evaluated the development of HG against different diets on Africanized honeybees. Our experiment was composed of four diets (treatments) offered to different groups of workers: (T1) honey, (T2) honey + soybean extract, (T3) honey + pollen and (T4) sucrose solution. The development of the glands was evaluated in two periods: 7 and 10 days of exposure to the diet types. According to the results, an interference of the diet on the acini area of the HG was observed. Bees that were fed with the sucrose solution or soybean extract presented the smallest acini areas as compared to the other treatments. The time of exposure to the different types of diets also had an effect on acini areas. Worker bees fed with honey and soybean extract for 10 days presented smaller acini areas when compared to bees dissected at the 7th day of exposure to those same diet types. Nevertheless, we also observed that factors other than just nutrition are important to the full development of the HG, such as the stimulus promoted by the young breeds.
An exchange perspective of job satisfaction: A study of banking sector of Pakistan

Satisfaction of employees with their job is considered one of the key factors for the success of an organization. Organizations put many efforts to satisfy their employees, to make them committed and to develop their extra role behaviors. This study aimed to examine exchange prospective of job satisfaction. POS and LMX were taken as antecedents of job satisfaction and OCB as a result of job satisfaction of employees. This research was conducted in banking sector of Pakistan, which is one of the most rapidly developing sectors. Employees (from 10 banks and 2 branches of each bank) were selected for study. Data collected through questionnaires, 199 questionnaires were used for analysis. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling, using AMOS 16.0.
Globalization and the Great U-Turn: Income Inequality Trends in 16 OECD Countries1

The debate on the resurgence of income inequality in some advanced industrial societies has often focused on the impact of an increasingly integrated world economy, typified by growing capital mobility, heightened international competition, and an increase in migration. This study represents one of the first systematic, cross‐national examinations of the role of globalization in the inequality “U-turn. ” Results indicate, on the one hand, that total inequality variation is principally affected by the percentage of the labor force in agriculture, followed by the institutional factors union density and decommodification, and only then by globalization. On the other hand, longitudinal variation in inequality, while still dominated by the percentage of the labor force in agriculture, is also principally affected by aspects of globalization, such as southern import penetration and direct investment outflow, and to a lesser extent by migration. In other words, globalization explains the longitudinal trend of increasing inequality that took place within many industrial countries better than it does cross‐sectional inequality differences among countries.
No . 067 _ 2014 Informational Robustness and Solution Concepts First Version : January 2014 Current Version : December 15 , 2014

We discuss four solution concepts for games with incomplete information. We show how each solution concept can be viewed as encoding informational robustness. For a given type space, we consider expansions of the type space that provide players with additional signals. We distinguish between expansions along two dimensions. First, the signals can either convey payoff relevant information or only payoff irrelevant information. Second, the signals can be generated from a common (prior) distribution or not. We establish the equivalence between Bayes Nash equilibrium behavior under the resulting expansion of the type space and a corresponding more permissive solution concept under the original type space. This approach unifies some existing literature and, in the case of an expansion without a common prior and allowing for payoff relevant signals, leads us to a new solution concept that we dub belief-free rationalizability. Jel Classification: C79, D82.
Evaluation of drying technologies for retention of physical quality and antioxidants in asparagus ( Asparagus officinalis , L . )

The objective of this research is to evaluate drying methods that have the potential of adding value to green asparagus especially for use as ingredient in instant foods or as a nutraceutical product. Five drying methods were used: namely, tray drying (TD), spouted bed (SB) drying, combined microwave and spouted bed drying (MWSB), Refractance Window (RW) drying and freezedrying. Asparagus spears with diameters between 9 and 12mm were blanched in 85 C water-bath for 3min, sliced into 2–4mm thickness (or pureed for RW drying), then dried to moisture content less than 0.1 db. MWSB drying produced asparagus particles with good rehydration and color characteristics, and was the fastest among the methods where heated air was used. When using MWSB drying, the power level of 2W/g and 60 C heated air resulted in highest retention of total antioxidant activity (TAA). TAA of asparagus was enhanced after RW and freeze-drying, with the TAA values being significantly higher than for heated air-drying methods. In all cases, the tip portion of asparagus retained more TAA after drying than either middle or basal parts. The highest amount of ascorbic acid was retained in the product after RW drying, followed by freeze-drying, MWSB and SB drying. TD resulted in the least retention of ascorbic acid. r 2003 Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Facile Method for Gold Nanocluster Synthesis and Fluorescence Control Using Toluene and Ultrasound

This study develops a method for the synthesis of environmentally safe, non-toxic, and color-tunable fluorescent nanomaterials using AuCl3 and toluene without additional surfactants or reduction agents. A facile method for the fluorescence control of gold nanoclusters using simple ultrasonic irradiation is reported. The cluster composition, size, and emission wavelength can be controlled by the ultrasonic irradiation time. There is low photobleaching and the quantum yields are sufficient for optical devices and biosensors. The proper control of ultrasonic conditions such as exposure time, temperature, frequency, duty cycle, and intensity allows the composition and color of fluorescent gold nanoclusters to be adjusted. The obtained materials will be very useful for multicolor molecular probe design in the future.
A LARGE, MASSIVE, ROTATING DISK AROUND AN ISOLATED YOUNG STELLAR OBJECT

We present multi-wavelength observations and a radiative transfer model of a newly discovered massive circumstellar disk of gas and dust which is one of the largest disks known today. Seen almost edge-on, the disk is resolved in high-resolution near-infrared (NIR) images and appears as a dark lane of high opacity intersecting a bipolar reflection nebula. Based on molecular line observations, we estimate the distance to the object to be 3.5 kpc. This leads to a size for the dark lane of ∼10,500 AU but due to shadowing effects the true disk size could be smaller. In Spitzer/IRAC 3.6 μm images, the elongated shape of the bipolar reflection nebula is still preserved and the bulk of the flux seems to come from disk regions that can be detected due to the slight inclination of the disk. At longer IRAC wavelengths, the flux is mainly coming from the central regions penetrating directly through the dust lane. Interferometric observations of the dust continuum emission at millimeter wavelengths with the Submillimeter Array confirm this finding as the peak of the unresolved millimeter-emission coincides perfectly with the peak of the Spitzer/IRAC 5.8 μm flux and the center of the dark lane seen in the NIR images. Simultaneously acquired CO data reveal a molecular outflow along the northern part of the reflection nebula which seems to be the outflow cavity. An elongated gaseous disk component is also detected and shows signs of rotation. The emission is perpendicular to the molecular outflow and thus parallel to but even more extended than the dark lane in the NIR images. Based on the dust continuum and the CO observations, we estimate a disk mass of up to a few solar masses depending on the underlying assumptions. Whether the disk-like structure is an actual accretion disk or rather a larger-scale flattened envelope or pseudodisk is difficult to discriminate with the current data set. The existence of HCO+/H13CO+ emission proves the presence of dense gas in the disk and the molecules' abundances are similar to those found in other circumstellar disks. We furthermore detected C2H toward the objects and discuss this finding in the context of star formation. Finally, we have performed radiative transfer modeling of the K-band scattered light image varying a disk plus outflow two-dimensional density profile and the stellar properties. The model approximately reproduces extent and location of the dark lane, and the basic appearance of the outflow. We discuss our findings in the context of circumstellar disks across all mass regimes and conclude that our discovery is an ideal laboratory to study the early phases in the evolution of massive circumstellar disks surrounding young stellar objects.
Research Article Survey of Hand Washing Facilities in the Out Patient department (OPD) of a Tertiary Care Teaching Institute of Northern India

The first global patient safety challenge is "Clean care is safe care" and is aimed at reducing health care- associated infection (HCAI) worldwide. A key action within "Clean Care is Safer Care" is to promote hand hygiene globally and at all levels of health care. Hand hygiene, is well accepted to be one of the primary modes of reducing HCAI and of enhancing patient safety. The aim and objective of the study was to survey the hand washing facilities in OPD. A check list was adopted from another study for assessing the condition of each sink in different rooms of OPD complex. All the available rooms were assessed on a single occasion and the descriptive analysis was done. The hand washing facility was available in 80 (99%) rooms. At all places sinks were easily accessible to the users. The taps were in the working conditions at all the sinks, out which 71(89%) were hand operated and rests were elbow operated. Soap stand was available at the majority of the places (90%). The cleansing agent was available at most of the places (i.e. 96%) and at most of the places it was soap bar (96%). No sink had hand washing instructions displayed demonstrating the correct technique of hand washing. The physical facilities required for hand washing were adequate though there is a scope of improvement. The Hospital Administrators should work in the direction of providing best possible hand washing facilities keeping in view their budgetary estimates.
Determining TQM Practices in University R&D Activities using Factor Analysis: Research Experience of Malaysian Universities

Overall, this paper discusses the applicability of TQM and proposes a theoretical framework of TQM to suit the need of the Research and Development (R&D) context. The dimensions for the framework were based on the previous empirical studies, the evaluation criteria of world standard criteria such as MBNQA, EFQM, and QMS ISO 9000, and quality concept from the experts. In order to understand the TQM practices in R&D environment, this paper addresses the need for the study from the university researchers’ perspective. Data were collected through a large-scale mail survey from academic researchers of four Malaysian Research Universities. The constructs of TQM practices were validated and determined using factor analysis. The findings from this study suggest that the seven dimensions i.e. top management leadership, data and information management, performance management, process management, partnership, customer focus and resource management are sufficient to explain the TQM practices in R&D context.
Utilization of Different Prebiotics by Lactobacillus Spp. and Lactococcus Spp.

ABSTRACT Different non-digestible di- and oligosaccharides act as prebiotics. Common prebiotics in use include inulin and other fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), galacto-oligosaccharides (GalOS), xylo-oligosaccharides, gluco-oligosaccharides (GOS), lactulose, etc. The principal concept is that these sugars have a selective effect on the microbiota that results in an improvement in the health of the host, leading to an increase in health-promoting organisms such as different kinds of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB). With our latest results we describe the effects of utilization of different prebiotics upon specific LAB-strains, their antimicrobial activity and the changes in the metabolites.
Learning affordances and participation enablers within a primary mathematics in-service community of practice

This article investigates the participation enablers and learning affordances identified by teachers through participation within an in-service community of practice (CoP) of primary teachers called the Numeracy Inquiry Community of Leader Educators (NICLE) in the Eastern Cape. The article draws on three qualitative sources of data: the annual teacher questionnaires of 42 participating teachers, interview data from 8 of the 42 sampled teachers and reflective journal entries of these 8 teachers over the first 2 years of NICLE. All three data sets point to teachers foregrounding the affordances and enablers of NICLE participation across the fundamental elements of a CoP, namely domain, community and practice. We illuminate the way in which teachers’ identification of learning affordances relates to these three structural features of a CoP. In concluding, we argue that explicit consideration of these structural elements, and their interrelationship in the design of in-service programmes, could enable clearer articulation of programme aspects and support reflection on the coherence between teacher feedback on these as programmes evolve.
Maternal education and single word reading in middle childhood

Maternal education captured at a single time point is commonly employed as a predictor of a child’s cognitive development. In this paper we ask what bearing the acquisition of additional qualifications has upon reading performance in middle childhood. This was a secondary analysis of the UK’s Millennium Cohort Study, a birth cohort of 18,000 children born in 2000. Our outcome variable was Single Word Reading from the British Abilities Scales at 7 years. Predictors included maternal age and education, relative poverty and parity. Increasing maternal education over time was associated with improved child outcomes with a 2 month developmental advantage for children whose mothers had increased education over those whose mothers had not. Parity was important but conditional on this, there was no evidence of child attainment reducing for the children of older mothers. A time-varying education level model is consistent with an input quality mechanism for language development.
Antioxidant activity and polyphenol content in Venezuelan commercial chocolates

Los chocolates constituyen una importante fuente de polifenoles en la dieta, en los últimos años númerosos estudios han indicado que los polifenoles presentan propiedades beneficiosas para el control de enfermedades cardiovasculares, inflamatorias y las derivadas del estrés celular, particularmente algunos tipos de cáncer. En esta investigación, se determinaron las características químicas humedad, grasa y cenizas así como el contenido de polifenoles y actividad antioxidante de muestras de chocolate blanco, leche y oscuro (45% y 70% de cacao) de origen venezolano. Las características químicas fueron evaluadas conforme a lo establecido por la Comisión Venezolana de Normas Industriales (COVENIN). El contenido de polifenoles totales fue determinado empleando el método Folin Ciocalteu y la actividad antioxidante fue evaluada por el método de decoloración del catión radical 2,2'azino-bis3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS•+). La humedad en las muestras oscilo entre 2,41-1,23%; el contenido de grasa (g.100g-1) se encontró en el rango de 3927,10, siendo el chocolate blanco el que presentó el mayor contenido de grasas. El contenido de cenizas fue mayor a 3% en todos los casos, el chocolate con leche presento el menor contenido de cenizas. El contenido de polifenoles y la actividad antioxidante de los chocolates fue mayor a medida que se incremento el contenido de sólidos de cacao presente en el mismo indicativo de las importantes propiedades funcionales de este constituyente en el chocolate. Palabras clave: chocolates, características químicas, compuestos funcionales.