Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The presence of postural disorders in children of the younger school age

Sažetak: Cilj istraživanja je bila procena posturalnog statusa dece mlađeg školskog uzrasta Osnovne škole "Ivo Lola Ribar" iz Novog Sada. Uzorak ispitanika čini 61 učenik prvog razreda, 33 dečaka i 28 devojčica hronološke starosti 8,5 godine. Za procenu posturalnog statusa primenjena je modifikovana vizuelna metoda Napoleona Volanskog. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da ispitanici nemaju znatno odstupanje od dobrog držanja tela kada su u pitanju kifo-lordoza i ravna leđa, a dijagnostikovana su kako mala tako i znatna odstupanja od dobrog držanja kod kifotičnog i lordotičnog lošeg držanja tela. U odnosu na pol, dobro držanje ima 84,8 % dečaka, što je manje od devojčica 92,9 %. Kod posturalnih poremećaja u frontalnoj ravni najzastupljenija je desna grudna skolioza gde je nadjena statistički značajna razlika između polova. Kod deformiteta grudnog koša dominirale su izdubljene grudi (pectus excavatus) 83,6%. Najmanje zastupljen poremećaj grudnog koša u ispitivanom uzorku su ispupčene grudi (pectus carinatus). Razlike u polu nisu statistički značajne. Najzastupljeniji posturalni poremećaj nogu u ukupnom uzorku ispitanika su „ X“ noge (Genu valgum), bez statitički značajne razlike u polnoj strukturi. Najmanje zastupljen posturalni poremećaj nogu bio je “O” noge (Genu varum) Ključne reči: Posturalni poremećaji, skolioza, kifoza, lordoza, genu valgum, genu varum
The Use of Cluster Resources: A Dynamic Capabilities Approach

The cluster literature acknowledges the existence of resources that are shared by firms in the same cluster. The literature on dynamic capabilities argues that in the context of capability development, firms need to develop different business models and to define their firm boundaries in complementary ways. We use a multiple case study approach to analyze how three small and medium sized firms (Portuguese footwear manufacturers) belonging to the same cluster, but with different business models, exploit cluster resources. We find that the same resources are not used in the same way or for the same purpose. Our inductive investigation leads to two propositions: non-strategic shared resources are used by cluster firms in similar ways, and for the same objectives; strategic resources, which relate to the firms’ business models, are used by each firm differently and for different purposes.
Blue-Green Algae in a ‘ ‘ Greenhouse 3 Century ’ ’ ? New Insights from Field 4 Data on Climate Change Impacts on 5 Cyanobacteria Abundance 6 7

9 CARRTEL, INRA, 75 Avenue de Corzent, 74203 Thonon-les-Bains, France; CARRTEL, Université de Savoie, 73370 Le Bourget du 10 Lac, France; Institute of Coastal Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum, Geesthacht, Germany 11 12 13 ABSTRACT 14 Climate warming is likely to impact phytoplankton 15 communities by providing a habitat in which cya16 nobacteria have competitive advantage over other 17 phytoplankton taxa. We used extreme hot weather 18 periods to investigate the potential impact of cli19 mate change on cyanobacteria abundance in three 20 large and deep peri-alpine lakes, Lakes Geneva, 21 Annecy, and Bourget. Between 2000 and 2011, 22 there were four extreme warm weather periods: 23 spring and summer 2003, autumn 2006 and winter 24 2007. We found that the consequences of extreme 25 air temperatures on cyanobacteria abundance and 26 phytoplankton composition depend on the time of 27 year in which the extreme temperatures occur. In 28 all three lakes studied, a warm summer did not 29 clearly promote cyanobacteria blooms, whereas a 30 warm autumn promoted cyanobacteria growth in 31 the mesotrophic Lakes Geneva and Bourget, but 32 not in the oligotrophic Lake Annecy. A warm 33 winter was associated with high cyanobacteria 34 abundance and a high contribution of cyanobac35 teria to total phytoplankton biomass. Our results 36 reinforce the idea that lakes have an ecological 37 memory by showing that a warm winter can 38 influence subsequent seasonal succession in the 39 cyanobacteria community. In both mesotrophic 40 lakes studied, cyanobacteria abundance was 41 strongly influenced by phosphorus concentrations 42 and winter air temperatures. We conclude that 43 although extreme hot weather periods can be used 44 to analyze various aspects of the impacts of climate 45 change, they are of limited value in forecasting the 46 structure of phytoplankton communities in a war47 mer future.
Effect of breach of psychological contracts on workplace deviant behaviors with the moderating role of revenge attitude and self-control

Psychological contract, breach has been executed when employees perceive that employer has failed to fulfill one or more of its obligations. This breach of contract affects the behaviors and outcomes of employees in many ways. This study makes a unique contribution to the literature by being the first to examine revenge attitude as a moderator of the relations between the breach of the psychological contract and work place deviant behaviors. Managers should be aware of the importance of breach of the psychological contract and violation on employee behaviors and the value of deviant behavior in the performance of the organization. After an extensive review of relevant literature on the research problem, research has been conducted by using a sample size of 230 respondents. This data have been selected through random probability sampling and the result has been deducted by using correlation and regression analysis. This research contributes that an employee having low self-control more frequently execute deviant behaviors on the breach of the psychological contract than employee with low self-control. Similarly, it has also been found that revenge attitude strengthens the relationship of psychological contract breach and work place deviant behaviors.
Women on Board: Does Boardroom Gender Diversity Affect Firm Risk?

We investigate the relationship between boardroom gender diversity and firm risk. To identify a causal effect of gender on risk, we use a dynamic model that controls for reverse causality and for gender and risk being influenced by unobservable firm factors. We find no evidence that female boardroom representation influences equity risk. We also show that findings of a negative relationship between the two variables are spurious and driven by unobserved between-firm heterogeneous factors.
A MOVE TO MAJORITARIAN NATIONALISM? CHALLENGES OF REPRESENTATION IN SOUTH ASIA

Despite India's status as the world's largest democracy and increasing turnouts in many of the countries of South Asia, recent elections raise concerns about the threat to democracy in the form of majoritarianism. Many of the countries of South Asia are extremely diverse and (mainly) informal mechanisms of accommodation of minorities have been deployed. At the same time concerns about the threat to minority rights in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka have been strongly articulated. It is notable that those countries of South Asia, such as Sri Lanka and Pakistan, which have not accommodated their non-dominant groups, have witnessed high levels of conflict. India has been more accommodative, of both linguistic and religious minorities. However, it is precisely this process of accommodation that many in India now worry will be undermined by Hindu majoritarianism.
MERGING AND CLUSTERING OF THE SWIFT BAT AGN SAMPLE

We discuss the merger rate, close galaxy environment, and clustering on scales up to an Mpc of the Swift BAT hard X-ray sample of nearby (z<0.05), moderate-luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We find a higher incidence of galaxies with signs of disruption compared to a matched control sample (18% versus 1%) and of close pairs within 30 kpc (24% versus 1%). We also find a larger fraction with companions compared to normal galaxies and optical emission line selected AGNs at scales up to 250 kpc. We hypothesize that these merging AGNs may not be identified using optical emission line diagnostics because of optical extinction and dilution by star formation. In support of this hypothesis, in merging systems we find a higher hard X-ray to [O iii] flux ratio, as well as emission line diagnostics characteristic of composite or star-forming galaxies, and a larger IRAS 60 μm to stellar mass ratio.
How is the association of teat-end severe hyperkeratosis on udder health and dairy cow behavior?

The teat-end hyperkeratosis is a pathology which causes pain and discomfort in dairy cows, increasing the risk of infection of the mammary gland. A total of 2,957 dairy cows from 43 farms in Portugal were examined to evaluate the teat-end, degree of hyperkeratosis and callosity on 11,828 teats. Factors related to milking management, characteristics of the individual and udder health status with the most severe level of hyperkeratosis were evaluated. The link between stepping and kicking during milking and the levels of hyperkeratosis was also investigated. Most animals observed (70%) showed signs of hyperkeratosis and 12% showed the teat-end more serious types, thick and extreme. The incidence of severe hyperkeratosis was highly variable between farms (1-35%) and front teats showed twice the risk compared to back teats (P < 0.000). A trend towards higher levels of hyperkeratosis in cows with higher milk production was identified (P < 0.094). Hyperkeratosis increased with parity (P < 0.000) and for the period 61-180 days of lactation (P < 0.000). Over-milking influenced hyperkeratosis levels (P < 0.002). Higher levels of hyperkeratosis were observed on cows with a higher incidence of mastitis (P < 0.004). More steps (P < 0.025) but no kicks during milking were also associated with higher levels of hyperkeratosis. The results suggest that hyperkeratosis needs to be monitored in order to prevent and control this pathology, ensuring the udder health and welfare of dairy cows.
Strain partitioning due to salt: insights from interpretation of a 3D seismic data set in the NW German Basin

We present results from interpretation of a 3D seismic data set, located within the NW German sedimentary basin, as part of the Southern Permian Basin. We focused on the development of faults, the timing of deformation, the amount of displacement during multiphase deformation, strain partitioning, and the interaction between salt movements and faulting. We recognised the central fault zone of the study area to be the Aller‐lineament, an important NW‐trending fault zone within the superimposed Central European Basin System. From structural and sedimentological interpretations we derived the following evolution: (1) E–W extension during Permian rifting, (2) N–S extension within cover sediments, and E–W transtension affecting both basement and cover, contemporaneously during Late Triassic and Jurassic, (3) regional subsidence of the Lower Saxony Basin during Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous, (4) N–S compression within cover sediments, and E–W transpression affecting both basement and cover, contemporaneously during Late Cretaceous/Early Tertiary inversion and (5) major subsidence and salt diapir rise during the Cenozoic. We suggest that the heterogeneity in distribution and timing of deformation in the working area was controlled by pre‐existing faults and variations in salt thickness, which led to stress perturbations and therefore local strain partitioning. We observed coupling and decoupling between pre‐ and post‐Zechstein salt units: in decoupled areas deformation occurred only within post‐salt units, whereas in coupled areas deformation occurred in both post‐ and pre‐salt units, and is characterised by strike‐slip faulting.
CCTV on trial: Matching video images with the defendant in the dock

The experiments reported in this paper investigated simultaneous identity matching of unfamiliar people physically present in person with moving video images typical of that captured by closed circuit television (CCTV). This simulates the decision faced by a jury in court when the identity of somebody caught on CCTV is disputed. Namely, ‘is the defendant in the dock the person depicted in video’? In Experiment 1, the videos depicted medium-range views of a number of actor ‘culprits’. Experiment 2 used similar quality images taken a year previously, some of which showed the culprits in disguise. Experiment 3 utilised high-quality close-up video images. It was consistently found that in both culprit-present and culprit-absent videos and in optimal conditions, matching the identity of a person in video can be highly susceptible to error. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ownership and Investment Behaviour in Transition Countries: A Case Study of Collective and Corporate Farms in the Czech Republic

Cooperative and corporate farms have retained an important role for agricultural production in many transition countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Despite this importance, these farms' ownership structure, and particularly the ownership's effect on their investment activity, which is vital for efficient restructuring and the sector's future development, are still not well understood. This paper explores the ownership-investment relationship using data on Czech farms from 1997 to 2008. We allow for ownership-specific variability in farm investment behaviour analyzed by utilizing an errorcorrection accelerator model. Empirical results suggest significant differences in the level of investment activity, responsiveness to market signals, investment lumpiness, as well as investment sensitivity to financial variables among farms with different ownership characteristics. These differences imply that the internal structure of the Czech cooperative and corporate farms will be developing in the direction of a decreasing number of owners and an increasing ownership concentration.
Boundary Layer Theory for a Particulate Suspension

This paper is concerned with boundary layer theory for a particulate suspension. Given the importance of boundary layers in applications, this topic has received surprisingly little attention. There is a history of work on the problem of the steady laminar boundary layer on a semi-infinite flat plate with recent contributions by Osiptsov, Prabha and Jain, and Wang and Glass. References to earlier work can be found in these papers. In contrast to investigations of the flat plate and a few other specific geometries, there appears to have been little effort devoted to determining the general form of boundary layer equations. The present paper deals with this topic. A boundary layer order of magnitude analysis is carried out using a typical set of two fluid equations representative of the current literature. It is found that a variety of outcomes are possible depending on the order of magnitude assumptions selected. Three of the most interesting cases are singled out for explicit presentation. Some specific numerical results are then given for the problem of steady laminar boundary layer flow past a semi-infinite flat plate. It is shown that the boundary layer model employed greatly influences predictions.
Generation of electromagnetic radiation from a drifting and rotating electron ring in a rippled magnetic field

Coherent electromagnetic radiation from a thin rotating annular ring of relativistic electrons with axial drift, and confined between concentric cylinders comprising a coaxial waveguide, is studied theoretically. The electrons are assumed to move in quasihelical orbits under the combined action of a uniform axial magnetic field and an azimuthally periodic wiggler magnetic field. The instability analysis is based on the linearized Vlasov-Maxwell equations for the perturbations about a self-consistent beam equilibrium. The dispersion equations for the transverse magnetic (TM l,m ) modes are derived and analyzed. Coherent radiation occurs near frequencies ω corresponding to the crossing points of the electromagntic modes \omega^{2} = c^{2}k\min{\parallel}\max{2} + \omega\min{c}\max{2}(l,m) and the beam modes \omega = \upsilon_{\parallel}k_{\parallel} + (l + N) \Omega_{\parallel} where ω c and Ω ∥ are the waveguide cutoff frequency and the electron cyclotron frequency, respectively, υ parallel is the axial drift velocity of electrons, k ∥ is the wavenumber of the electromagnetic wave along the axis, and N is the number of wiggler periods along the azimuth.
Employer Associations, Institutions and Economic Change: A Crossnational Comparison **

It is commonly assumed that the current direction of economic change is detrimental to such collective industrial relations actors as employers’ associations. Adopting a crossnationally comparative perspective, this paper examines how employers’ associations cope with this challenge. This is done in two ways. On the one hand, the impact of economic change on membership strength is tested against the impact of industrial relations institutions that embed collective action. On the other hand, the paper analyzes how the employers’ associations have actively tried to adjust themselves to the changing conditions. Arbeitgeberverbande, Institutionen und wirtschaftlicher Wandel. Ein internationaler Vergleich Es ist davon auszugehen, dass der gegenwartige okonomische Wandel die Probleme kollektiven Handelns, wie sie sich Arbeitgeberverbanden stellen, verscharft. Auf der Grundlage eines internationalen Vergleichs untersucht dieser Aufsatz, wie Arbeitgeberverbande auf diese Herausforderung reagieren. Dabei werden zum einen die Auswirkungen des okonomischen Wandels im Verhaltnis zum Einflussgewicht institutioneller Faktoren auf die Mitgliederstarke der Arbeitgeberverbande analysiert. Zum anderen wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Anpassungsstrategien angesichts der veranderten Rahmenbedingungen von den Arbeitgeberverbanden eingeschlagen werden.
The thermal emission of the young and massive planet CoRoT-2b at 4.5 and 8 μm

We report measurements of the thermal emission of the young and massive planet CoRoT-2b at 4.5 and 8 μm with the Spitzer Infrared Array Camera (IRAC). Our measured occultation depths are 0.510 ± 0.042% at 4.5 and 0.41 ± 0.11 % at 8 μm. In addition to the CoRoT optical measurements, these planet/star flux ratios indicate a poor heat distribution on the night side of the planet and agree better with an atmosphere free of temperature inversion layer. Still, such an inversion is not definitely ruled out by the observations and a larger wavelength coverage is required to remove the current ambiguity. Our global analysis of CoRoT, Spitzer, and ground-based data confirms the high mass and large size of the planet with slightly revised values (M p = 3.47 ± 0.22 M J , R p = 1.466 ± 0.044 R J ). We find a small but significant offset in the timing of the occultation when compared to a purely circular orbital solution, leading to e cos ω = -0.00291 ± 0.00063 where e is the orbital eccentricity and ω is the argument of periastron. Constraining the age of the system to at most a few hundred Myr and assuming that the non-zero orbital eccentricity does not come from a third undetected body, we modeled the coupled orbital-tidal evolution of the system with various tidal Q values, core sizes, and initial orbital parameters. For Q' s = 10 5 -10 6 , our modeling is able to explain the large radius of CoRoT-2b if Q' p ≤ 10 5.5 through a transient tidal circularization and corresponding planet tidal heating event. Under this model, the planet will reach its Roche limit within 20 Myr at most.
Spatial–temporal changes in runoff and terrestrial ecosystem water retention under 1.5 and 2 °C warming scenarios across China

Abstract. The Paris Agreement set a long-term temperature goal of holding the global average temperature increase to below 2.0 ∘C above pre-industrial levels, pursuing efforts to limit this to 1.5 ∘C; it is therefore important to understand the impacts of climate change under 1.5 and 2.0 ∘C warming scenarios for climate adaptation and mitigation. Here, climate scenarios from four global circulation models (GCMs) for the baseline (2006–2015), 1.5, and 2.0 ∘C warming scenarios (2106–2115) were used to drive the validated Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrological model to investigate the impacts of global warming on runoff and terrestrial ecosystem water retention (TEWR) across China at a spatial resolution of 0.5∘. This study applied ensemble projections from multiple GCMs to provide more comprehensive and robust results. The trends in annual mean temperature, precipitation, runoff, and TEWR were analyzed at the grid and basin scale. Results showed that median change in runoff ranged from 3.61 to 13.86 %, 4.20 to 17.89 %, and median change in TEWR ranged from −0.45 to 6.71 and −3.48 to 4.40 % in the 10 main basins in China under 1.5 and 2.0 ∘C warming scenarios, respectively, across all four GCMs. The interannual variability of runoff increased notably in areas where it was projected to increase, and the interannual variability increased notably from the 1.5 to the 2.0 ∘C warming scenario. In contrast, TEWR would remain relatively stable, the median change in standard deviation (SD) of TEWR ranged from −10 to 10 % in about 90 % grids under 1.5 and 2.0 ∘C warming scenarios, across all four GCMs. Both low and high runoff would increase under the two warming scenarios in most areas across China, with high runoff increasing more. The risks of low and high runoff events would be higher under the 2.0 than under the 1.5 ∘C warming scenario in terms of both extent and intensity. Runoff was significantly positively correlated to precipitation, while increase in maximum temperature would generally cause runoff to decrease through increasing evapotranspiration. Likewise, precipitation also played a dominant role in affecting TEWR. Our results were supported by previous studies. However, there existed large uncertainties in climate scenarios from different GCMs, which led to large uncertainties in impact assessment. The differences among the four GCMs were larger than differences between the two warming scenarios. Our findings on the spatiotemporal patterns of climate impacts and their shifts from the 1.5 to the 2.0 ∘C warming scenario are useful for water resource management under different warming scenarios.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN CHINA (I)

Economic growth over the past three decades in China has captured the interest of the whole world. Many nations, governments, business and science look admiringly to "Chinese miracle". The performance of this country is the more remarkable as it includes, besides the effort to go beyond a developing country and the transition from a communist economy to the market economy. "Chinese development model", whereof spoken more and more in this period is unclear due to some nuances not really classical approach to development paradigm, which focuses on promoting democracy, human rights privatization, liberalization and the fight against corruption. Through the new model, some authors, starting from high authority of the state over property and finances, assigns to it a key role in economic growth. From their point of view, the strong boom of the private sector in China is the result of the opening provided by the state and not as a prerequisite for development. This perception is unpopular but other authors who argue that "the Chinese success had as basic ingredients exactly private entrepreneurship, private property, financial and even political reforms, though not always apparent at first glance. " This study made a brief foray into Chinese entrepreneurship development, opening new possibilities of deepening towards understanding how it managed to contribute to the development and growth of the country.