Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Medication use history in patients admitted to a teaching hospital: A cross-sectional study

Although the literature shows several studies on medication safety, there are few Latin American studies describing aspects in the practice of medication reconciliation carried out by pharmacists in the admission process. This study aimed to describe the acquisition of medication use history of patients during admission, and to characterize the unintentional discrepancies in their pharmacotherapy in a Brazilian teaching hospital. This cross-sectional study was conducted within the University Hospital of the Federal University of Sergipe. Pharmacist-researchers collected patient data in four steps through a structured questionnaire developed by the researchers and adapted from the literature. After collection, the pharmacist-researcher and pharmacy students analysed the data and assessed if there were any unintentional discrepancies. The present study defined unintentional discrepancies (UD) as the unjustified variations between the patient’s previous medication use history and the pharmacotherapy prescribed during hospitalization. In this study, 358 patients were included. Of all patients, 261 (72.90%) were adults with the mean age of 47.16 ± 18.80 years. In 117 cases of adult patients (44.82%), there was no record of previous pharmacotherapy, and 137 (52.49%) were not questioned about their allergies. A total of 327 UD were found in 150 patients (41.90%). Of these UD, omission was the most common type, followed by different doses, erroneous frequency, and unjustified start of treatment. This study revealed the prevalence of unintentional discrepancies in the studied hospital, and points out that the assessment of the history of medications used is a complex practice, in which the pharmacist can be an ally. Key words: Patient safety, medication errors, medication discrepancies, medication reconciliation.
Habitat Management: A Key Option to Enhance Natural Enemies of Crop Pest

Enhancement of natural enemies through habitat management developed sustainable pest management systems. Landscape composition; especially complex and permanent habitat mainly woody vegetation increased the abundance of natural enemies of crop pest. Alternatively, temporary vegetation like horticultural systems decreased the abundance of natural enemies as for monocropping. The rate of parasitism is higher in diverse ecosystems than in non-diverse ecosystems due to the availability of food source, provision of nectar and sugar, as well as alternative hosts. The intensification of agricultural practices disturbed the diversity of ecosystem and ultimately reduced the abundance of natural enemies and consequently diminished the efficacy of biological control of pests in a particular ecosystem. Moreover, plant characteristics especially in long blooming period, larger floral area, maximum flower height, narrow and deepest corolla and higher number of open flower increase the accessibility of nectar or pollen for natural enemies. As a result, the fecundity and longevity of predator and parasitoid are increased. Manipulation of food sources for natural enemies especially honey dew and artificial food spray like sucrose with the supplement of protein helps to enhance the activities of natural enemies, predators and parasitoids. For example, the widely applicable shelter habitats such as beetle banks are suitable over wintering sites for predatory beetles especially for Carabidae, Staphylinidae and spiders. Increase of non-crop habitats for instance, field margins, fallow land, hedgerows etc. might improve the shelters for natural enemies. Apart from the plants in that habitat under attack from herbivore, they make responses towards natural enemies by producing Herbivore Induced Plant Volatiles (HIPVs) known as indirect plant defense. The habitat with abundant natural enemies makes such continuous support for plant by means of plant indirect defense. In a nutshell, habitat management not only conserves biological control but also provides other indirect services like increasing biodiversity, photosynthesis, the activity of soil biota, and reduced soil erosion. Besides, it can also ultimately maximize the yield and profitability of crops for the farmers and stabilize the sustainable pest management system.
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Adoption in Vietnam: If, When and How?

The paper examines the perceptions of Vietnamese accounting practitioners and academics regarding the optimal approach and timeline of IFRS adoption in Vietnam. Perceptions were obtained and analysed from 3,000 questionnaires sent to Vietnamese auditors, accountants, and accounting academics across Vietnam in 2012. A total of 728 usable responses were received producing an effective response rate of 24 per cent. The majority of the respondents considered that IFRS adoption should be permitted for voluntary adoption rather than mandatory adoption. The results indicate that the staggered convergence approach is more optimal than the big bang approach of IFRS adoption. A five year period for transition and preparation with some difficulties and obstacles associated with IFRS implementation is anticipated. The findings will assist accounting practitioners, educators, and policy makers to prepare themselves for the implications of IFRS convergence and adoption.
Buying CSR with employees’ pensions? The effect of social responsible investments on Norwegian SMEs’ choice of pension fund management: A conjoint survey

Purpose Employees often expect an emphasis on financial aspects to be predominant when their employers choose a fund management company for the investment of employees’ pension fund deposits. By contrast, in an attempt to appear as socially responsible company managers may emphasize social responsibility (SR) in pension fund choices. The purpose of this paper is to examine to what extent managers for small- and medium-sized companies emphasize SR vs expected returns when choosing investment managers for their employees’ pension funds. Design/methodology/approach A conjoint experiment among 276 Norwegian SMEs’ decision makers examines their trade-offs between social and financial goals in their choice of employees’ pension management. Furthermore, the study examines how the companies’ decision makers’ characteristics influence their pension fund management choices. Findings The findings show that the employers placed the greatest weight to suppliers providing funds adhering to socially responsible investment (SRI) practices, followed by the suppliers’ corporate brand credibility, the funds’ expected return, and the suppliers’ management fees. Second, employers with investment expertise emphasized expected returns and downplayed SR in their choice, whereas employers with stated CSR-strategies downplayed expected return and emphasized SR. Originality/value Choice of supplier to manage employees’ pension funds relates to a general discussion on whether companies should do well – maximizing value, or do good, – maximizing corporate SR. In this study, doing well means maximizing expected returns and minimizing costs of the pension investments, whereas doing good means emphasizing SRI in this choice. Unfortunately, the employees might pay a price for their companies’ ethicality as moral considerations may conflict with maximizing the employees’ pension fund value.
The Steinplatte complex (Late Triassic, Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria) – subsidence-controlled development of a carbonate-platform-to-intrashelfbasin- transition

In Rhaetian (Late Triassic) times, the Hauptdolomit/Dachstein carbonate shelf situated at the passive continental margin of the northwestern Tethys was characterized by an extensional tectonic regime. Rifting and spreading movements fragmented this shelf into a loosely fitted mosaic of fault-bounded blocks characterized by a differential subsidence pattern. This is expressed in significant thickness variations of platform carbonates and in the formation of the intrashelf Kossen Basin. In this study, it can be demonstrated that tectonic subsidence triggered the development of a carbonate platform margin and that the influence of eustatic sea-level changes was negligible. The Steinplatte complex developed at the transition of the Kossen Basin to the Dachstein Carbonate Platform. Small-scale isolated carbonate mounds situated on a smoothly inclined homoclinal ramp characterized the initial phase and acted as nuclei of further carbonate buildup growth. However, only the ideal palaeogeographic position far enough away from the carbonate-suppressive terrigenous influence of the Kossen Beds, combined with vigorous carbonate production stimulated by rapid subsidence-caused sea-level rise, favoured continuous mound growth. Once established, the carbonate buildup was characterized by rapid aggradational growth, developing a palaeogeographic high with a steep slope and a depression with decreased sedimentation behind, several kilometres distant from the Dachstein Carbonate Platform. Contemporaneously, isostatic adjustment caused an accommodation minimum on the nearby margin of the Dachstein Carbonate Platform leading to its westward progradation. Fading out of subsidence caused filling of the former depression in the back of the buildup by prograding shallow-water Dachstein Limestones. Thus, a new platform margin was established in the Steinplatte area, elevated almost 200 m above the adjacent Kossen Basin. At the Triassic-Jurassic boundary, the Steinplatte complex was subjected to subaerial exposure by a sudden tectonic uplift followed by a rapid isostatic drop. Emergence is indicated by levels of karstified limestones directly underlying supposed exposure surfaces. Final drowning of the Steinplatte complex as well as of the whole Dachstein Carbonate Platform is indicated by the cover of Early Jurassic (Sinemurian) deeper water, ammonite bearing limestones (Adnet Formation).
Shadow Economies: Size, Causes, and Consequences

Using various methods, the size of the shadow economy in 76 developing, transition, and OECD countries is estimated. Average size varies from 12 percent of GDP for OECD countries, to 23 percent for transition countries and 39 percent for developing countries. Increasing taxation and social security contributions combined with rising state regulations are driving forces for the increase of the shadow economy, especially in OECD countries. According to some findings, corruption has a positive impact on the size of the shadow economy, and a growing shadow economy has a negative effect on official GDP growth.
Reply to the review of “ Aerosol indirect effects from shipping emissions : Sensitivity studies with the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM-HAM ” ( acp-2012-139 ) by Reviewer

This paper explores the effect of ship emissions on aerosol microphysics and the climate effects of these aerosols. Experiments were performed to test the sensitivity of the simulation results to uncertain inputs such as the total mass emission rates, particle size, hygroscopicity and composition. The simulated radiative forcings depend greatly on the assumed inputs and highlight the need for continued research on ship emissions. The paper is generally well written and well within the scope of ACP. I recommend this paper be published once the following comments have been addressed.
The Effect of Physician Fees and Density Differences on Regional Variation in Hospital Treatments

We use a panel data set of about 1.7 million hospital records in 4,000 Dutch zip code regions for the years 2006-2009. We estimate the effect of physician fees and physician density on regional variation in hospital care for nine different treatments. Our results show that a 1 percent increase in the total number of physicians, if these extra physicians are all paid according to an output-based reimbursement scheme, would increase the number of treatments on average by 0.40 percent. For salaried physicians we find a significantly lower average effect of 0.15 percent. We find no or weak effects for hip fractures, which is included in the analysis as a control treatment. Our data allows us to deal with reverse causality, excess demand, border crossing, and availability effects. Our findings lend support to the existence of supplier induced demand for the majority of the analyzed treatments.
Genetic parameters and genotype x environment interaction for productivity, oil and protein content in soybean

The objective of this work was to evaluate the interaction between genotypes and environments for productivity and content of protein and oil, as well as to estimate the genetic parameters and genetic variation among 18 genotypes of soybean grown in four environments. The experiments were set up in the 2006/2007 agricultural year in a randomized block design with three repetitions. The content of protein and oil in the beans was determined by near infrared spectroscopy (NIR). In the four environments the significance was noted for genetic variability and genotype x environment interactions for all traits. Estimates of the heritability of the analyzed variables were high, indicating potential for selecting superior genotypes in breeding programs. In partial correlation analysis only the oil and protein contents were significantly correlated. Correspondence was observed between the UPGMA and Tocher estimation methods, dividing the genotypes into three heterotic groups, with the protein content being the character that most contributed to genetic diversity. Key words:
Developing innovations in retail trade in Russia Desarrollando innovaciones en el comercio minorista en Rusia

The current policy of the Russian state and retail trade organizations operating in the Russian consumer market presume the development of innovations. The study is devoted to the development of innovations in retail trade in Russia based on patent analysis. Its findings indicate that the innovation-driven growth of Russian retail trade has been largely positive in recent years, as evidenced by the growth in the number of trade patents and their share in the total number of patents. However, the negative trend is the increasing technological dependence of the Russian trade, manifested in an increase in the share of patents granted to foreign entities. The main areas of innovative solution application in retail trade are vending, settlements with customers, e-commerce, non-stationary trade (except vending), merchandise display, shopping experience, data collection and processing, and safety. The level of innovation-driven growth of retail trade in Russia in general is lower than that in Western countries. On the one hand, the findings of the study describe the development of sectoral innovation in general, which is important given the current policy of the Russian state, but on the other hand, they are of practical importance for particular trade entities in the process of managing innovations. RESUMEN: La política actual del estado ruso y las organizaciones de comercio minorista que operan en el mercado de consumo ruso presuponen el desarrollo de innovaciones. El estudio está dedicado al desarrollo de innovaciones en el comercio minorista en Rusia en base al análisis de patentes. Sus hallazgos indican que el crecimiento impulsado por la innovación del comercio minorista ruso ha sido en gran medida positivo en los últimos años, como lo demuestra el crecimiento en el número de patentes comerciales y su participación en el número total de patentes. Sin embargo, la tendencia negativa es la creciente dependencia tecnológica del comercio ruso, que se manifiesta en un aumento en la proporción de patentes otorgadas a entidades extranjeras. Las principales áreas de aplicación de soluciones innovadoras en el comercio minorista son la venta, los establecimientos con clientes, el comercio electrónico, el comercio no estacionario (excepto la distribución), la exhibición de mercadería, la experiencia de compra, la recopilación y el procesamiento de datos y la seguridad. El nivel de crecimiento impulsado por la innovación del comercio minorista en Rusia en general es más bajo que en los países occidentales. Por un lado, los hallazgos del estudio describen el desarrollo de la innovación sectorial en general, que es
Optimization of Bacillus aerius strain JS-786 cell dry mass and its antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea using response surface methodology

The optimization of fermentation conditions is necessary for field application of biological control agents. The present study was designed to optimize the fermentation conditions for the Bacillus aerius strain, JS-786 in terms of cell dry mass and its antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea with response surface methodology. A strain of bacteria with strong antifungal activity was isolated from the phyllosphere of tomato plant and identified as B. aerius JS-786 based on the sequence homology of its 16S rRNA gene. After the success of preliminary antifungal activity tests, response surface methodology was used to optimize the fermentation conditions (medium pH, gelatin percentage, incubation period, rotatory speed and incubation temperature) to maximize the cell dry mass and antifungal activity against B. cinerea . A 2 5 factorial central composite design was employed and multiple response optimization was used to determine the desirability of the operation. The results of regression analysis showed that at the individual level, all of the experimental parameters were significant for cell dry mass; significant results were obtained for antifungal activity pH, incubation period, rotatory speed and incubation temperature. The interactive effect of the incubation period, rotatory speed and incubation temperature was significant. Maximum cell dry mass (8.7 g/L) and inhibition zone (30.4 mm) were obtained at pH 6.4, gelatin 3.2%, incubation period 36.92 h, rotatory speed 163 rpm, and temperature 33.5°C. This study should help to formulate a more rational and cost-effective biological product both in terms of bacterial growth and antifungal activity. https://doi.org/10.2298/ABS160421122S Received: April 21, 2016; Revised: May 27, 2016; Accepted: June 17, 2016; Published online: November 7, 2016 How to cite: Shafi J, Mingshan J, Zhiqiu Q, Xiuwei L, Zumin G, Xinghai L, Yang Z, Peiwen Q, Hongzhe T, Wunan C, Kai W. Optimization of bacillus aerius strain JS-786 cell dry mass and its antifungal activity against botrytis cinerea using response surface methodology. Arch Biol Sci. 2017;69(3):469-80.
INSPER PROGRAMA DE ENSINO BRUNO SPELLANZON THE FISCAL POLICY IN BRAZIL: A TVAR APPROACH São Paulo

Following Ferraresi et al. (2015), this work studies the relationship between fiscal policy and gdp growth and different fiscal multipliers given different credit market conditions in developing countries. This study focus on the brazilian economy and estimates a Threshold VAR utilizing brazilian quarterly data from 1996-2014. Although higher fiscal multipliers are found when the brazilian credit market is tight and lower ones when the market is normal, there is not statistical significance in these results. Additionally, a robustness check is made by switching the threshold variable from credit outstanding of houlseholds to credit outstanding of the industry. The results found also imply the idea of different responses depending on the credit market regime of Brazil. Therefore, the results go in line with international literature for developed countries, but also confirm the hypothesis that countries with less efficient finacial markets have stronger fiscal multiplier results.
Initial Trace of Solutions of Some Quasilinear Parabolic Equations with Absorption

We study the existence of an initial trace of nonnegative solutions of the problemδtu−∇·(∣∇u∣p−2∇u)+uq=0in QT=Ω×(0,T). We prove that the initial trace is an outer regular Borel measure which may not be locally bounded for some values of the parameters p and q. We study also the corresponding Cauchy problems with a given generalized Borel measure as initial data.
Seismic performance of a rolling-damper isolation system

The movement characteristics of a rolling-damper isolation system were analyzed to obtain a numerical analysis approach. Computer programs were compiled to analyze the influence of factors such as rolling friction coefficients and damping constants on the earthquake response of the isolation system. The rolling friction and the damper can efficiently decrease the relative displacement of the isolation system, and can considerably increase the acceleration of the isolation system. However, they cannot regularly affect the residual displacement of the isolation system. Therefore, when subjected to design earthquakes, it is desired to obtain a reasonable combination of damper and rolling friction that can decrease the relative displacement of the isolation system to the best while keep the acceleration of the isolation system in an allowable range. This paper provides suggestions on the optimized combination of damper and rolling friction for seismic design of isolation systems.
Estimating the return times of great Himalayan earthquakes in eastern Nepal: Evidence from the Patu and Bardibas strands of the Main Frontal Thrust

The return times of large Himalayan earthquakes are poorly constrained. Despite historical devastation of cities along the mountain range, definitive links between events and specific segments of the Main Frontal Thrust (MFT) are not established, and paleoseismological records have not documented the occurrence of several similar events at the same location. In east central Nepal, however, recently discovered primary surface ruptures of that megathrust in the A.D. 1255 and 1934 earthquakes are associated with flights of tectonically uplifted terraces. We present here a refined, longer slip history of the MFT's two overlapping strands (Patu and Bardibas Thrusts) in that region, based on updated geomorphic/neotectonic mapping of active faulting, two 1.3 km long shallow seismic profiles, and logging of two river‐cut cliffs, three paleoseismological trenches, and several pits, with constraints from 74 detrital charcoals and 14 cosmogenic nuclide ages. The amount of hanging wall uplift on the Patu thrust since 3650 ± 450 years requires three more events than the two aforementioned. The uplift rate (8.5 ± 1.5 mm/yr), thrust dip (25° ± 5°N), and apparent characteristic behavior imply 12–17.5 m of slip per event. On the Bardibas thrust, discrete pulses of colluvial deposition resulting from the coseismic growth of a flexural fold scarp suggest the occurrence of six or seven paleo‐earthquakes in the last 4500 ± 50 years. The coeval rupture of both strands during great Himalayan earthquakes implies that in eastern Nepal, the late Holocene return times of such earthquakes probably ranged between 750 ± 140 and 870 ± 350 years.