Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Charged pion production in 2 to 8 agev central au+au collisions

Brookhaven-AGS. Measuerment of the spectra of charged pions over nearly full rapidity coverage from target to beam rapidity in the centrality range 0-5pct in AU-AU collisions at beam energies from 2 to 8 A GeV/nucleon. The rapidity densities are extracted using a thermal paramatrization model to fit the transverse mass spectra. Numerical values supplied by J Klay. This part (1) covers the data at 2 GeV/nucleon. Brookhaven-AGS. Measuerment of the spectra of charged pions over nearly full rapidity coverage from target to beam rapidity in the centrality range 0-5pct in AU-AU collisions at beam energies from 2 to 8 A GeV/nucleon. The rapidity densities are extracted using a thermal paramatrization model to fit the transverse mass spectra. Numerical values supplied by J Klay. This part (2) covers the data at 4 GeV/nucleon. Brookhaven-AGS. Measuerment of the spectra of charged pions over nearly full rapidity coverage from target to beam rapidity in the centrality range 0-5pct in AU-AU collisions at beam energies from 2 to 8 A GeV/nucleon. The rapidity densities are extracted using a thermal paramatrization model to fit the transverse mass spectra. Numerical values supplied by J Klay. This part (3) covers the data at 6.0 GeV/nucleon. Brookhaven-AGS. Measuerment of the spectra of charged pions over nearly full rapidity coverage from target to beam rapidity in the centrality range 0-5pct in AU-AU collisions at beam energies from 2 to 8 A GeV/nucleon. The rapidity densities are extracted using a thermal paramatrization model to fit the transverse mass spectra. Numerical values supplied by J Klay. This part (4) covers the data at 8.0 GeV/nucleon. Brookhaven-AGS. Measurement of the spectra of charged pions over nearly full rapidity coverage from target to beam rapidity in the centrality range 0-5pct in AU-AU collisions at beam energies from 2 to 8 A GeV/nucleon. The rapidity densities are extracted using a thermal paramatrization model to fit the transverse mass spectra. Numerical values supplied by J Klay. This part (5) covers the data Rapidiy density data.
Thunderstorm Warning Systems: IEC 62793 standard

Draft standard IEC 62793 deals with Thunderstorm Warning Systems (TWS). This standard introduces many definitions and deals with many technologies. The study concentrates on Lightning Location Systems (LLS) and local field mill detectors. Regarding LLS, the European lightning detection network is used as an example for determining its efficiency with respect to warnings of cloud-to-ground lightning in Western Europe using the definitions given by the standard. In terms of field experience, LLS have maintenance rules that are under responsibility of the LLS operator. But in case of local sensors such as field mill detectors it is crucial that maintenance is made by the user or a specialized company. Field experience in harsh environment shows that local sensor of the field mill type may give false warnings or at the opposite no warning if not properly maintained. The new draft standard IEC 62793 Ed. 1 addresses specifically tests on local sensors introduced to increase their withstanding against environment.
The Urinary 5-Hydroxyindole Acetic Acid and Plasma Nitric Oxide Levels in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Preliminary Study

Background and Aims: Postprandial increase of 3-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) has been implicated in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). There is evidence that nitric oxide (NO) may act as a mediator of 5-HT-evoked secretions in the colon. Our aim is to investigate the role of urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) and plasma NO levels (with diarrhoea) in IBS patients. Methods: Nineteen (with constipation) IBS patients (group 1), 22 IBS patients (group 2) and 18 healthy controls (group 3) were included in the study. The diagnosis of IBS was made according to the Rome I Criteria. The urine was collected for determination of 5-HIAA and venous blood was collected from each subject for the measurement of plasma NO levels. Results: The levels of urinary 5-HIAA mmol/day and plasma NO mmol/l of group 1 (22,4±2,2 and 29,4±2 respectively) were significantly higher than group 3(14,2 ± 2,3 and 21,3 ± 2,1 respectively) (p =0,036 and p =0,019 respectively). The NO level of group 1 was also significantly higher than group 2(21,8 ± 1,9) (p = 0,021). The 5-HIAA level of group 1 was higher than group 2 (15,2, ± 2,1) and the difference was marginally significant (p = 0,055). There was no difference between group 2 and group 3 with respect to 5-HIAA and NO levels. Conclusions: The results of this preliminary study lend support to the involvement of 5-HT in some symptomatology of diarrhoea predominant IBS. Furthermore, NO may be one of the effector mediators of the 5-HT-induced symptoms in these patients.
The functional neuroanatomy of schizophrenic subsyndromes

Background. There is considerable variability between patients in their expression of the diverse range of symptoms encompassed by the syndrome of schizophrenia, which may modulate functional activation to cognitive processing. Method. Here we investigate associations between schizophrenic subsyndrome scores, identified by factor analysis, and experimentally controlled brain activation. Five factors were defined by rotated principal components analysis of PANSS rating scale measurements in 100 patients with schizophrenia. A subsample of 30 patients and a group of 27 comparison subjects were studied using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the performance of two periodically designed cognitive activation experiments: verbal working memory and psychomotor sequencing. Results. Factor analysis replicated the five dimensions consistently reported. Within the patient group, power of activation by working memory was negatively associated with global symptom severity in left lingual and temporo-parietal cortices; negatively associated with positive subsyndrome scores in left inferior frontal and superior temporal cortices and basal ganglia; and positively associated with negative subsyndrome scores in lateral and medial premotor cortex. No relationship was observed between subsyndrome scores and functional activation during the motor task. Between-group comparisons demonstrated reduced power of response to the working memory task by patients in bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal and left pre- and post-central cortices. Conclusions. In this study we observed task-specific modulation of functional response associated with symptom expression in schizophrenia. Our findings are compatible with previous empirical findings and theoretical conceptualization of human brain function, in terms of capacity constraints on activation in the face of competing demands from pathological and task-related cognitive activity.
Bacterial DNA Translocation and Liver Disease Severity Among HIV-Infected Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C

Abstract:We carried out a cross-sectional study to explore whether bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA (bactDNA) shows association with severity of liver disease among human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus coinfected patients. Patients with advanced fibrosis (F3/F4), moderate activity grade (A2/A3), and high fibrosis progression rate (FPR > 0.15) had higher values of plasma bactDNA levels than did patients without these markers of liver disease (P < 0.05). The chance of having a fibrosis stage or activity grade increased was 1.20 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.0 to 1.44, P = 0.045] and 1.22 (95% CI = 1.1 to 1.45, P = 0.029) times greater for every 100 copies per microliter of plasma bactDNA. Likewise, the odds of having values of FPR > 0.15 was 1.18 (95% CI = 0.98 to 1.42, P = 0.089). In addition, patients with high bactDNA levels (≥175 copies per microliter) had the highest odds of having high values of Metavir score and FPR (P < 0.05). Our data show that bacterial translocation is associated with severe liver disease among human immunodeficiency virus–infected patients with chronic hepatitis C.
The Biodiversity and Biogeochemistry of Cryoconite Holes from McMurdo Dry Valley Glaciers, Antarctica

Abstract Once thought of as inert, ice has been increasingly recognized as a habitat suitable for life. The landscape of the MCMurdo Dry Valleys (MCM) of Antarctica is dominated by glaciers, and glacier melt is the primary water source for life in soils, streams, and lakes. The glaciers, despite their cold and lifeless appearance, offer functioning habitats for life. The major objective of this study was to examine biogeochemical characteristics of miniecosystems present in cryoconite holes and to determine links to other components (soils, streams, and lakes) of the dry valley landscape. We examined cryoconite holes from 5 glaciers spanning the length of Taylor Valley, one of many valleys in the MCM. Cryoconite biotic communities were composed of the same species observed in streams and lakes, namely, cyanobacteria (Chlorococcus, Chroococcus, Crinalium, Oscillatoria, Nostoc, and Sprirulina), rotifers (Philodina gregaria and Cephalodella catellina), tardigrades (Acutuncus antarcticus and Hypsibius spp.), and ciliates. Biotic communities did not reflect the composition of the immediately surrounding environments, suggesting the effects of eolian mixing and transport of sediments and biota across the valley. Gradients of chemistry and biotic abundance in cryoconite holes reflected the position of each glacier in the valley. Nitrogen and organic carbon concentration patterns across glaciers potentially resulted from biological activities in cryoconite holes. Properties of holes were stable from one to the next sampling season, suggesting that changes of cryoconite hole properties develop on longer than yearly time scales.
Parasite Killing of Leishmania (V) braziliensis by Standardized Propolis Extracts

Treatments based on antimonials to cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) entail a range of toxic side effects. Propolis, a natural compound widely used in traditional medical applications, exhibits a range of biological effects, including activity against infectious agents. The aim of this study was to test the potential leishmanicidal effects of different propolis extracts against Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes in vitro. Stationary-phase L. (V) braziliensis promastigotes were incubated with medium alone or treated with dry, alcoholic, or glycolic propolis extract (10, 50, or 100 μg/mL) for 96 h. Our data showed that all extracts exhibited a dose-dependent effect on the viability of L. (V) braziliensis promastigotes, while controlling the parasite burden inside infected macrophages. Dry propolis extract significantly modified the inflammatory profile of murine macrophages by downmodulating TGF-β and IL-10 production, while upmodulating TNF-α. All three types of propolis extract were found to reduce nitric oxide and superoxide levels in activated L. braziliensis-infected macrophages. Altogether, our results showed that propolis extracts exhibited a leishmanicidal effect against both stages of L. (V) braziliensis. The low cell toxicity and efficient microbicidal effect of alcoholic or glycolic propolis extracts make them candidates to an additive treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Hemodilution, cerebral O2 delivery, and cerebral blood flow: a study using hyperbaric oxygenation.

Hemodilution reduces blood viscosity and O2 content (CaO2) and increases cerebral blood flow (CBF). Viscosity and CaO2 may contribute to increasing CBF after hemodilution. However, because hematocrit is the major contributor to blood viscosity and CaO2, it has been difficult to assess their relative importance. By varying blood viscosity without changing CaO2, prior investigation in hemodiluted animals has suggested that both factors play roughly equal roles. To further investigate the relationship of hemodilution, blood viscosity, CaO2, and CBF, we took the opposite approach in hemodiluted animals, i.e., we varied CaO2 without changing blood viscosity. Hyperbaric O2 was used to restore CaO2 to normal after hemodilution. Pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rats underwent isovolumic hemodilution with 6% hetastarch, and forebrain CBF was measured with [3H]nicotine. One group of animals did not undergo hemodilution and served as controls (Con). In the three experimental groups, hematocrit was reduced from 44% to 17-19%. Con and hemodiluted (HDil) groups were ventilated with 40% O2 at 101 kPa (1 atmosphere absolute), which resulted in CaO2 values of 19.7 +/- 1.3 and 8.1 +/- 0.7 (SD) ml O2/dl, respectively. A second group of hemodiluted animals (HBar) was ventilated with 100% O2 at 506 kPa (5 atmospheres absolute) in a hyperbaric chamber, which restored CaO2 to an estimated 18.5 +/- 0.5 ml O2/dl by increasing dissolved O2. A fourth group of hemodiluted animals (HCon) served as hyperbaric controls and were ventilated with 10% O2 at 506 kPa, resulting in CaO2 of 9.1 +/- 0.6 ml O2/dl. CBF was 79 +/- 19 ml. 100 g-1. min-1 in the Con group and significantly increased to 123 +/- 9 ml. 100 g-1. min-1 in the HDil group. When CaO2 was restored to baseline with dissolved O2 in the HBar group, CBF decreased to 104 +/- 20 ml. 100 g-1. min-1. When normoxia was maintained during hyperbaric exposure in the HCon group, CBF was 125 +/- 18 ml. 100 g-1. min-1, a value indistinguishable from that in normobaric HDil animals. Our data demonstrate that the reduction in CaO2 after hemodilution is responsible for 40-60% of the increase in CBF.
Factors associated with having eye examinations in persons with diabetes.

OBJECTIVES To estimate compliance with guidelines on ocular examinations for diabetic persons, to examine factors that affect compliance, and to determine reasons for noncompliance. DESIGN Cross-sectional population study. SETTING Primary care setting. PATIENTS The population is 765 diabetic persons with younger onset and 533 with older onset who participated in the 1990 to 1992 follow-up examination of the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. MEASUREMENTS A medical history was taken in which subjects were asked about eye examinations by ophthalmologists and optometrists. RESULTS Sixty-four percent of the younger-onset group and 62% of the older-onset group had had a dilated eye examination in the previous year. Persons in both groups were more likely to have had a dilated examination if they had a longer duration of diabetes, more severe retinopathy, a history of glaucoma or cataract, and health insurance that covered eye examinations. Persons with younger-onset diabetes were more likely to have had an examination if they were older, were visually impaired, and had more education or higher income. Persons in the older-onset group were more likely to have had an examination if they were female or taking insulin. In those not having an eye examination, 79% and 71% of the younger- and older-onset groups, respectively, reported not having had one because they had no problems with their eyes, and 31% and 35% reported not having been told they needed one. Thirty-two percent and 11% said they were too busy, and 30% and 12% said they could not afford an examination. CONCLUSIONS Diabetic persons should be educated as to the need for eye care; the results show that barriers to eye care exist in the form of affordability and lack of time.
Symbiosis-Orientation and the Survival of Small–Large Strategic Alliances

Abstract This article studies the long-term performance of entrepreneur firms by paying more attention to their external environments. It argues that prior research on the long-term survival and growth of entrepreneur firms has paid insufficient attention to the effects of external environmental factors. As a result, it remains unclear why only a small percentage of newly established entrepreneur firms can survive for more than 3 years (citation), and an even smaller percentage of the firms can achieve sustainable growth over a longer period of time. To address this research gap, we review the literature on symbiotic strategies in ownership, corporate governance, marketing and new product development, based on which we highlight the importance of symbionts in the sustainable growth of the resource-constrained entrepreneur firms and develop a conceptual model showing the relationship between symbiosis-orientation and its consequences for entrepreneur firms (Figure 1).
Preface : ECM—Still an Ugly Duckling?

In one of the earliest white papers on the subject of Enterprise Content Management (ECM), Telleen (1995) outlined how intranets require a new paradigm for managing content in the enterprise. At the time Telleen wrote, all information to be accessed through an intranet was also to be included in the enterprise-wide concept of content management. Soon, the ECM concept gained ground in professional information management societies (especially the Association for Information and Image Management) and among prominent consulting firms, and practitioners started to involve a few diverging foci and definitions of ECM. 7 years later, Fowell (2002), McNay (2002), and Reimer (2002) introduced the concept in the academic outlets (Rickenberg et al. 2012). Now, 17 years after the first practitioner cracks on the eggshell of the ECM duckling and on the tenth anniversary of the first academic swims with the other ducks, the small community of ECM scholars continues to struggle, characterizing the field as immature and ambiguous (e.g., Grahlmann et al. 2012; Rickenberg et al. 2012). It seems the ECM community, like H. C. Andersen’s ugly duckling, still does not fully know ‘‘what the birds were called’’ or ‘‘whither they were flying,’’ although we all love a swan—an academic piece of ECM research—when we see one. Rickenberg et al. ’s (2012) literature search found only 68 relevant academic ECM articles published in 2002–2012, and of those, only 7 appeared in recognized information systems journals. Most top journals in the information systems field have yet to publish a single article on ECM. If we compare these figures on academic attention to those of other types of enterprise systems, such as enterprise resource planning (ERP), data warehousing, or customer relationship management (CRM), the difference is striking. For example, a simple search of ‘‘enterprise content management’’ by Google Scholar covering January 1 through August 23, 2012, resulted in 220 hits, while ‘‘enterprise resource planning,’’ ‘‘data warehousing,’’ and ‘‘customer relationship management’’ had 4,520, 3,060, and 5,040 hits, respectively. ECM also received little attention in the recent curriculum
Gender influence, social responsibility and governance in performance

Purpose This paper aims to analyze the influence of gender diversity on the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR), corporate governance (CG) and economic and financial performance of Brazilian publicly traded companies. Design/methodology/approach The sample comprises 68 non-financial public companies comprising the IBX100 index of BM&FBOVESPA. For that, it was used panel data modeling, correlation and ranking by TOPSIS method. Findings The results suggest a significant relationship between CG and economic–financial performance when mediated by gender diversity. This relationship was not observed between CSR and economic–financial performance. Thus, it can be concluded that in a diversified board of directors, in terms of gender, better monitoring of managers can occur because of the increase in their independence in decisions, as well as performance increase. These results diverge from the literature on the influence of women’s participation in corporate boards in CSR. It is assumed that this result is because of the fact that the participation of women is recent in Brazil. Research limitations/implications The main limitations are the number of companies analyzed, the choice of ISE index to verify the CSR variable and the metric used to verify the CG mechanisms. Originality/value In general, this research contributes to the literature of the area, especially in Brazil, in confirming that the mediating variable gender diversity makes the relationship between CG and performance more significant.
Volcanic eruptions on mid‐ocean ridges: New evidence from the superfast spreading East Pacific Rise, 17°–19°S

uniform sediment cover were recovered from lava that buries older faulted terrain. The boundary in lava composition coincides with a change in depth to the top of an axial magma lens seismic reflector, consistent with magmas from two separate reservoirs being erupted in the same event. Chemical compositions from throughout the area indicate that lavas with identical compositions can be emplaced in separate volcanic eruptions within individual segments. A comparison of our results to global data on submarine mid-ocean ridge eruptions suggests consistent dependencies of erupted volume, activated fissure lengths, and chemical heterogeneity with spreading rate, consistent with expected eruptive characteristics from ridges with contrasting thermal properties and magma reservoir depths. INDEX TERMS: 3035 Marine Geology and Geophysics: Midocean ridge processes; 8414 Volcanology: Eruption mechanisms; 8439 Volcanology: Physics and chemistry of magma bodies; 3655 Mineralogy and Petrology: Major element composition; KEYWORDS: lava flow, chemical heterogeneity, erupted volume, lava morphology, side-scan sonar
Translating Advances in Cardiogenetics Into Effective Clinical Practice

In this article we describe a qualitative research study in which we explored individuals’ subjective experiences of both genetic testing and cardiogenetic disorders. Using a grounded theory approach, we coded and analyzed interview and focus group transcripts from 50 participants. We found that just under half of the participants who received their diagnosis during the study reported difficulty understanding information about both the purpose of genetic testing and their cardiac disease. A high level of anxiety about genetic testing and cardiac symptoms exacerbated individuals’ cognitive confusion. Participants reported both positive and negative interactions with the medical community, depending on health care professionals’ knowledge of cardiogenetic disorders. Overall, participants expressed a range of attitudes—positive, negative, and ambivalent—toward genetic testing. We conclude with a discussion of the barriers to achieving effective clinical care for genetic conditions and offer suggestions for improving collaborative decision making between physicians and patients.