Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Skyrmions Based Spin-Torque Nano-Oscillator

We present a model for a skyrmion-based spin-torque nano-oscillator (STNO) that consists of dual free layers with Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction and interlayer exchange coupling. Micromagnetic simulation shows that skyrmions in the dual free layers can precess independently by application of a spin-polarized current at the center of the ferromagnetic nanodisk. Compared to single free-layer devices, the dual free-layer structure is expected to enhance the output power of the STNO and reduce the resonance linewidth. We also propose a skyrmion STNO based on voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy. The skyrmion precession rate is controlled by modulating the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of the skyrmion precession track. It is possible to increase the frequency of the generated signal by adjusting the precession rate of the skyrmions.
Dynamics of conjunctival impression cytologic changes after vitamin A supplementation

Abstract To investigate the chronological changes in conjunctival epithelium after supplementation with a massive oral dose of vitamin A, conjunctival impression cytology (CIC) with transfer was carried out repeatedly among 200 children aged 6–120 months in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in Chandigarh (India). Significant conversion to normal CIC started 71–80 d after vitamin A supplementation and by 101–110d conversion had taken place in all children. Compared with the placebo group, plasma retinol concentration at 100d post-supplement was found to be significantly higher in the vitamin A-supplemented group P = 0·04. This study demonstrates that CIC responds to a massive oral dose of vitamin A 3–4 months after supplementation. These findings should guide future studies and evaluations in which CIC is used to assess response to vitamin A interventions.
Oestrus induction in primiparous lactating rabbits by a 48 hours mother-litter separation: endocrine and behavioural responses

Primiparous does express low mating acceptance during lactation and different oestrus induction methods are employed to improve sexual receptivity. The aim of this work was to study the effect of a biostimulation, a 48 h doe-litter separation (DLS), in primiparous lactating rabbits on mating acceptance, external characteristics of the vulva and plasma concentrations of estradiol, testosterone, progesterone and cortisol. Seventy primiparous does from local population were divided on day 1 after kindling into 2 equal groups: control (C, n=35), where does always had free access to the nest-box, and DLS (n=35), where free suckling was adopted, except from day 9 to day 11 post-partum (PP). Litter size was equalised to 6-7 kits. Before mating, blood samples were obtained from 10 does per group on 9th and 11th d post-partum (dpp). The results showed that the DLS treatment improved the mating acceptance on 11th dpp (88.5 vs. 54.2%; P 0.05). In contrast, cortisol plasma levels were not affected by the DLS treatment (–12.4 and –14.4% for control and DLS group; P>0.05). At day 11 PP, higher plasma E2 and P4 levels were described in DLS in comparison to C, although no significant difference was found, while plasma testosterone concentrations tended to be higher in DLS (165.5±27.1 vs. 114.9±31.9 pg/mL, for DLS and C, respectively; P=0.075). In summary, the 48 h doe-litter-separation acted as an efficient oestrus inductor in primiparous lactating rabbits. Insemination of biostimulated does must occur after the 1st suckling episode following the separation. This biostimulation method did not modify cortisol secretion of the rabbit doe.
Bounds on Treatment Effects in the Presence of Sample Selection and Noncompliance: The Wage Effects of Job Corps

Randomized and natural experiments are commonly used in economics and other social science fields to estimate the effect of programs and interventions. Even when employing experimental data, assessing the impact of a treatment is often complicated by the presence of sample selection (outcomes are only observed for a selected group) and noncompliance (some treatment group individuals do not receive the treatment while some control individuals do). We address both of these identification problems simultaneously and derive nonparametric bounds for average treatment effects within a principal stratification framework. We employ these bounds to empirically assess the wage effects of Job Corps (JC), the most comprehensive and largest federally funded job training program for disadvantaged youth in the United States. Our results strongly suggest positive average effects of JC on wages for individuals who comply with their treatment assignment and would be employed whether or not they enrolled in JC (the “always-employed compliers”). Under relatively weak monotonicity and mean dominance assumptions, we find that this average effect is between 5.7% and 13.9% 4 years after randomization, and between 7.7% and 17.5% for non-Hispanics. Our results are consistent with larger effects of JC on wages than those found without adjusting for noncompliance.
The Effect of Music on Comfort , Anxiety and Pain in the Intensive Care Unit : A Case in Turkey

Introduction: The intensive care unit often causes major distress and anxiety in patients. Music interventions have been used to reduce anxiety and distress and improve physiological functioning in medical patients. Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of music on pain, anxiety and comfort in patients who are in the intensive care unit (ICU) with the diagnosis of Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA). Methodology: Target population of this experimental study is all CVA patients who were hospitalized in the ICU of a state hospital located in Adana, Turkey. The participants were 72 patients and data were collected through Patient Identification and Vital Signs Form, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for identifying the level of pain, Faces Anxiety Scale and State Trait Anxiety Inventory for identfying the level of anxiety, and General Comfort Questionnaire for identifying the level of comfort. The data were analysed in SPSS for Windows package programming using paired samples t-test. Results: It was found that music increased the general comfort level and pO2. The systolic tension arterial, VAS score, State Anxiety Level, and Faces Anxiety Scale score decreased considerably with music therapy. Conclusions: Music is a type of therapy which contributes to the comfort of ICU patients by decreasing the pain, and anxiety.
Epidemiology of congenital clefts of the lip and palate.

a cleft of the lip or palate was surrounded by superstition and mystery. All congenital mal¬ formations were commonly ascribed to a multitude of natural and supernatur? il prenatal influences. Many medical scientists, hampered by their inability to make direct observations of human fetal development within the uterus, ascribed malformations to defective inherit¬ ance and adopted a fatalistic attitude toward them (1). Before 1940, attempts to learn more about cleft lip and palate focused primarily on studies of incidence in special populations and among families of probands. Following the announcement in 1940 that congenital malfor¬ mations had been produced in animals whose mothers were reared on deficient diets, a new era
Radiotherapy for Localized Orbital Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma

Fourteen patients with localized orbital mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma diagnosed between 1998 and 2005 were reviewed. Five patients were males and 9 were females, with a mean age of 58 years. In 8 patients, the disease arose from the conjunctiva, and in 6 patients, it originated from the retrobulbar space. Patients were treated with radiotherapy alone at a dose range from 30 to 54 Gy. All patients with conjunctival lymphoma achieved complete remission (CR). Four patients with retrobulbar lymphoma obtained CR, and unconfirmed CR (CRu) was observed in 2 cases. Orbital extraconal lymphoma disappeared. However, intraconal cord-like tumor and mass involving the medial extraocular muscle remained with the absence of regrowth over the long term. There have been very few reports discussing the histology of residual mass after radiotherapy. Residual mass was suggested to be reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. As a dose of more than 40 Gy induced dry eye syndrome or cataract, the dose must not exceed 40 Gy in order to achieve safe treatment of orbital mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.
Contrast Sensitivities Through Spectacles and Soft Contact Lenses

Abstract Contrast sensitivity function (CSF) measurements were made on nine subjects who wore a spectacle lens on one eye and a soft contact lens on the other eye continuously for 18 hr. The functions were the same for the two types of correction and did not become worse over time. Contrary to an earlier report by Applegate and Massof (1975), there was no evidence of a visual decrement caused by the wearing of soft contact lenses or from the moderately prolonged use of a contact lens. A major difference between our study and theirs was that none of our subjects had more than 0.12 D of astigmatism, whereas their soft contact lens subjects had from 0.75 to 1.00 D of astigmatism. Thus, impairments that were previously noted by soft lens wearers may be limited to astigmatic subjects. In addition, no evidence was found that occasional 18‐hr use of soft contact lenses has any measurable, immediate effects on visual acuity as inferred from contrast thresholds.
Moral Hazards and Effects of Enhanced Monitoring Systems in Online Labor Markets

This paper investigates how IT-enabled monitoring systems mitigate moral hazard in an online labor market and their effect on market competition. We exploit a quasi-experiment at Freelancer when it introduced an IT-enabled monitoring system in 2015. We use a difference-in-differences (DID) approach to identify the treatment effect of the monitoring system on employer contractor choice, market competition, and employer surplus. We found that the IT-enabled monitoring system lowers the employers’ willingness to pay the reputation premiums. Meanwhile, comparing the trend of the control group, the IT-enabled monitoring system raised the employer surplus in hourly projects and increased the number of bids. Our result suggests that IT-enabled monitoring systems have a significant effect on alleviating moral hazards, reducing agency costs, and facilitating market competition.
Enhancement of antineoplastic action of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine by zebularine on L1210 leukemia

Tumor suppressor genes that have been silenced by aberrant DNA methylation are potential targets for reactivation by novel chemotherapeutic agents. The potent inhibitor of DNA methylation and antileukemic agent, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-AZA-CdR, Decitabine), can reactivate silent tumor suppressor genes. One hindrance to the curative potential of 5-AZA-CdR is its rapid in vivo inactivation by cytidine deaminase (CD). An approach to overcome this obstacle is to use 5-AZA-CdR in combination with zebularine (Zeb), a potent inhibitor of CD. Zeb also possesses independent antineoplastic activity due to its inhibition of DNA methylation. We tested the capacity of 5-AZA-CdR and Zeb alone and in combination to inhibit growth and colony formation of different leukemic cell lines. 5-AZA-CdR and Zeb in combination produced a greater inhibition of growth against murine L1210 lymphoid leukemic cells, and a greater reduction in colony formation by L1210 and human HL-60 myeloid leukemic cells, than either agent alone. The ability of these agents to reactivate the tumor suppressor gene, p57KIP2, was also tested using RT-PCR. The combination produced a synergistic reactivation of p57KIP2 in HL-60 leukemic cells. A methylation-specific PCR assay showed that this combination also induced a significantly greater demethylation level of the p57KIP2 promoter than either drug alone. The in vivo antineoplastic activity of the agents was evaluated in mice with L1210 leukemia. A greater increase in survival time of mice with L1210 leukemia was observed with the combination than with either agent alone using three different dose schedules. The enhanced activity observed with 5-AZA-CdR plus Zeb in both murine and human leukemic cells lines provides a rationale for the clinical investigation of these drugs in patients with advanced leukemia. The probable mechanism of this drug interaction involves inhibition of CD by Zeb and the complementary inhibition of DNA methylation by both agents.
ECLIPSING BINARY SCIENCE VIA THE MERGING OF TRANSIT AND DOPPLER EXOPLANET SURVEY DATA—A CASE STUDY WITH THE MARVELS PILOT PROJECT AND SuperWASP

Exoplanet transit and Doppler surveys discover many binary stars during their operation that can be used to conduct a variety of ancillary science. Specifically, eclipsing binary stars can be used to study the stellar mass–radius relationship and to test predictions of theoretical stellar evolution models. By cross-referencing 24 binary stars found in the MARVELS Pilot Project with SuperWASP photometry, we find two new eclipsing binaries, TYC 0272-00458-1 and TYC 1422-01328-1, which we use as case studies to develop a general approach to eclipsing binaries in survey data. TYC 0272-00458-1 is a single-lined spectroscopic binary for which we calculate a mass of the secondary and radii for both components using reasonable constraints on the primary mass through several different techniques. For a primary mass of M1 = 0.92 ± 0.1 M☉, we find M2 = 0.610 ± 0.036 M☉, R1 = 0.932 ± 0.076 R☉, and R2 = 0.559 ± 0.102 R☉, and find that both stars have masses and radii consistent with model predictions. TYC 1422-01328-1 is a triple-component system for which we can directly measure the masses and radii of the eclipsing pair. We find that the eclipsing pair consists of an evolved primary star (M1 = 1.163 ± 0.034 M☉, R1 = 2.063 ± 0.058 R☉) and a G-type dwarf secondary (M2 = 0.905 ± 0.067 M☉, R2 = 0.887 ± 0.037 R☉). We provide the framework necessary to apply this analysis to much larger data sets.
Design aspects of a hospital playroom to aid the well-being of hospitalised oncology children - a case study

The aim of this research was to identify the design aspects necessary to create an aesthetically appealing playroom environment to aid the well-being of hospitalised oncology children at a public hospital in Bloemfontein, South Africa. The methodology design is overall qualitative within the interpretivist paradigm with a triangulation methodology design with explanatory components. These components consisted of a literature review which was further explored by means of a qualitative questionnaire. The playroom was created as part of a community project according to the literature review and questionnaire after which semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with the children themselves.
Comparison of Genotypes I and III in Japanese Encephalitis Virus Reveals Distinct Differences in Their Genetic and Host Diversity

ABSTRACT Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an arthropod-borne disease associated with the majority of viral encephalitis cases in the Asia-Pacific region. The causative agent, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), has been phylogenetically divided into five genotypes. Recent surveillance data indicate that genotype I (GI) is gradually replacing genotype III (GIII) as the dominant genotype. To investigate the mechanism behind the genotype shift and the potential consequences in terms of vaccine efficacy, human cases, and virus dissemination, we collected (i) all full-length and partial JEV molecular sequences and (ii) associated genotype and host information comprising a data set of 873 sequences. We then examined differences between the two genotypes at the genetic and epidemiological level by investigating amino acid mutations, positive selection, and host range. IMPORTANCE We found that although GI is dominant, it has fewer sites predicted to be under positive selection, a narrower host range, and significantly fewer human isolates. For the E protein, the sites under positive selection define a haplotype set for each genotype that shows striking differences in their composition and diversity, with GIII showing significantly more variety than GI. Our results suggest that GI has displaced GIII by achieving a replication cycle that is more efficient but is also more restricted in its host range. Japanese encephalitis is an arthropod-borne disease associated with the majority of viral encephalitis cases in the Asia-Pacific region. The causative agent, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), has been divided into five genotypes based on sequence similarity. Recent data indicate that genotype I (GI) is gradually replacing genotype III (GIII) as the dominant genotype. Understanding the reasons behind this shift and the potential consequences in terms of vaccine efficacy, human cases, and virus dissemination is important for controlling the spread of the virus and reducing human fatalities. We collected all available full-length and partial JEV molecular sequences and associated genotype and host information. We then examined differences between the two genotypes at the genetic and epidemiological levels by investigating amino acid mutations, positive selection, and host range. Our results suggest that GI has displaced GIII by achieving a replication cycle that is more efficient but more restricted in host range.
Morphology of the lingual surface of South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis) and sea lion (Otaria flavescens)

In this study, we aimed to describe the morphological characteristics of the lingual papillae in two species of Otariidae family by stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. We used tongues of two South American Otariidae species. The tongues were elongated and terminated in bifid apex and there was no median sulcus on the dorsal lingual surface. The most numerous type of lingual papilla was filiform in the South American fur seal (SASL) and entire dorsal lingual surface was covered by these filiform papillae but the dorsal surface of the tongue of the South American sea lion was covered by numerous polygonal projections, which were different in size. Fungiform papillae were detected in only SASL and they randomly distributed on the lingual apex and body, and some fungiform papillae were collected into twosome or threesome groups on the posterior part of the lingual body. Circumvallate papilla was found in the center of the lingual radix of South American sea lion. Thread‐like conical papillae were common for both species and they located on the lingual radix. We determined that lingual surface morphology was completely different in each species, although they were members of the same family, Otariidae. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:140–147, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determinants of Dividend Payout Policy of listed Financial Institutions in Ghana

This paper seeks to examine the determinants of dividends payout policy of listed financial institution in Ghana using fixed and random effects. Panel data covering 2005-2009 from the selected company were used for the study. The results shows statistically significant and positive relationship between Age and liquidity but saw statistically insignificant relationship between profitability, collateral and dividend payment. Therefore, the major determinants of dividend policy of financial institutions in Ghana are age of the firm, collateral and liquidity. Key words : Dividends policy, Financial Institutions, Profitability, Leverage
Quantitative exposure-response relations between physical workload and prevalence of lateral epicondylitis in a working population.

BACKGROUND Lateral epicondylitis is a common work-related musculoskeletal disorder. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors associated with lateral epicondylitis among active workers. METHODS Seven-hundred thirty-three workers in 12 Washington worksites participated in structured interviews, physical examinations, and individual exposure assessments of biomechanical and psychosocial factors. Multivariable logistic modeling was used. RESULTS Thirty-eight subjects (5.2%) had lateral epicondylitis. Age (36-50 years-old), being female, and low social support at work were significant risk factors. Frequency of forceful exertion (> or =5 vs. < 1 times/min (OR 5.17, 95%CI 1.78-15.02), and > or =1 to <5 vs. <1 (OR 4.47, 95%CI 1.57-13.71)) and forearm supination at > or =45 degrees for > or =5% of the time with high lifting force (OR = 2.98, 95% CI 1.18-7.55) were significant physical load factors. CONCLUSIONS Frequency of forceful exertion or a combination of forearm supination and forceful lifting were significant physical factors and should be considered for prevention strategies.
Emotional intelligence in older adults: psychometric properties of the TMMS-24 and relationship with psychological well-being and life satisfaction

ABSTRACT Background: Aging is a process during which important changes occur in different areas of development and emotional intelligence plays an essential role. The objective of this study was twofold: first, to validate the TMMS-24 in an older population; and second, to examine the mediating role of life satisfaction in the relationship between emotional intelligence and psychological well-being. Methods: The sample consisted of 215 older adults (60.15% women) with a mean age of 69.56 (SD = 6.42), without cognitive impairment. Data on emotional intelligence, satisfaction with life, and psychological well-being were obtained through the TMMS-24, the SWLS, and Ryff's psychological well-being scales, respectively. Confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation modeling were conducted. Results: Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the three-dimensional structure of the TMMS-24. The total scale showed an internal consistency of 0.90, ranging from 0.84 to 0.85 for the subscales. Structural equation modeling indicated that emotional intelligence exerted an influence on psychological well-being both directly and indirectly through life satisfaction. Conclusions: These findings show that the TMMS-24 has adequate psychometric properties for assessing emotional intelligence in elderly participants, and they indicate that emotional intelligence influences cognitive and affective judgments of life satisfaction, with these judgments of life satisfaction predicting psychological well-being.