Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring High Multiplicity Amplitudes: The QM Analogue of the Spontaneously Broken Case.

Calculations of high multiplicity Higgs amplitudes exhibit a rapid growth that may signal an end of perturbative behavior or even the need for new physics phenomena. As a step towards this problem we consider the quantum mechanical equivalent of $1 \to n$ scattering amplitudes in a spontaneously broken $\phi^4$-theory by extending our previous results on the quartic oscillator with a single minimum to transitions $\langle n \lvert \hat{x} \rvert 0 \rangle$ in the symmetric double-well potential with quartic coupling $\lambda$. Using recursive techniques to high order in perturbation theory, we argue that these transitions are of exponential form $\langle n \lvert \hat{x} \rvert 0 \rangle \sim \exp \left( F (\lambda n) / \lambda \right)$ in the limit of large $n$ and $\lambda n$ fixed. We apply the methods of "exact perturbation theory" put forward by Serone et al. to obtain the exponent $F$ and investigate its structure in the regime where tree-level perturbation theory violates unitarity constraints. We find that the resummed exponent is in agreement with unitarity and rigorous bounds derived by Bachas.
Photothermal optical coherence tomography for investigation and imaging photothermal trapping of gold nano-rods in clear media and biological tissue

A quantitative spectrometer-based photothermal optical coherence tomography (PT-OCT) system is employed to investigate and image the photothermal trapping of gold nano-rods (GNRs) in clear and biological media. The PT-OCT system is calibrated through dynamic phase measurements of piezo motion with known driving parameters. We measure and compare the displacement sensitivities of the PT-OCT system at different camera exposure time settings in two configurations: with a distinct reference path; and with a common path. The displacement sensitivity of the system in the common path configuration is improved from 1.5 to 0.17 nm by performing Fourier analysis on the output phase. The minimum Ti:Sa power capable of inducing a detectable photothermal response of GNRs is measured to be 0.5 mW. This value agrees with the latest reported minimum Ti:Sa power for photothermal trapping GNRs. The PT-OCT system is used to generate en-face images of photothermal trapped GNRs in the water solution and in the biological tissue. By displaying the difference between successive en-face phase images, spatial distribution patterns of the aggregated GNRs, resulted from the photothermal trapping, are clearly outlined with great contrast. The photothermal trapping of GNRs in tissue shows a greater complexity than in the clear media. The limitation of the PT-OCT technology is discussed. The study proves the potential of PT-OCT for imaging the photothermal trapping of GNRs.
Genre analysis of English-written Master’s theses and dissertation abstracts in the setting of Prešov University

The genre of abstract is an important part of academic writing which functions as an eye-catcher inducing other members of a particular discourse community to read the original work. While conference abstracts (CA) and research article abstracts (RA) have been widely discussed from the perspective of genre analysis, the importance of thesis abstracts (TA) has been, on the other hand, neglected. According to the present paper, TA embodies the essential step in development of a student’s academic writing skills. Moreover, this study examines the issue of English-written TA with the focus on five widely used rhetorical moves, tense and grammatical subject used by the students of Management at Prešov University. The corpus of 33 Master’s and 33 Dissertation thesis abstracts shows a common preference for the moves of Problem Statement and Methodology, whereas the most significant moves of Results and Conclusion are sparsely included. The phenomenon of tenses displays the predominance of the present simple and it is pointed out that the students prefer non-personal Discourse Domain grammatical subjects. The results confirm the underestimated position of TA and show how its genre features are characteristic of the Slovak academic setting.
The field of view available to the ventral occipito-temporal reading circuitry

Skilled reading requires rapidly recognizing letters and word forms; people learn this skill best for words presented in the central visual field. Measurements over the last decade have shown that when children learn to read, responses within ventral occipito-temporal cortex (VOT) become increasingly selective to word forms. We call these regions the VOT reading circuitry (VOTRC). The portion of the visual field that evokes a response in the VOTRC is called the field of view (FOV). We measured the FOV of the VOTRC and found that it is a small subset of the entire field of view available to the human visual system. For the typical subject, the FOV of the VOTRC in each hemisphere is contralaterally and foveally biased. The FOV of the left VOTRC extends ~9° into the right visual field and ~4° into the left visual field along the horizontal meridian. The FOV of the right VOTRC is roughly mirror symmetric to that of the left VOTRC. The size and shape of the FOV covers the region of the visual field that contains relevant information for reading English. It may be that the size and shape of the FOV, which varies between subjects, will prove useful in predicting behavioral aspects of reading.
The molecular organization and function of paranodal septate junctions

Myelinated fibers are organized into distinct domains that are necessary for saltatory conduction. These domains include the nodes of Ranvier and the flanking paranodal regions where glial cells closely appose and form specialized septate-like junctions with axons. These junctions contain a Drosophila Neurexin IV-related protein, Caspr/Paranodin (NCP1). Mice that lack NCP1 exhibit tremor, ataxia, and significant motor paresis. In the absence of NCP1, normal paranodal junctions fail to form, and the organization of the paranodal loops is disrupted. Contactin is undetectable in the paranodes, and K channels are displaced from the juxtaparanodal into the paranodal domains. Loss of NCP1 also results in a severe decrease in peripheral nerve conduction velocity. These results show a critical role for NCP1 in the delineation of specific axonal domains and the axon-glia interactions required for normal saltatory conduction.
Türkiye çiftlik hayvan sayılarının ileriye yönelik projeksiyonu: ARIMA Modellemesi

Bu calismada; 1936–2005 yillarina ait buyukbas ve kucukbas hayvanlarinin turlerine gore hayvan sayilari Box Jenkins yontemiyle arastirilarak, 2006–2015 yillari arasindaki ongoruleri elde edilmis, ileriye yonelik hayvansal uretim ile ilgili olusturulacak politikalara yon vermesi amaclanmistir. Hayvan sayi serilerinin duragan olmadiklari, birim kok sinamasi sonuclari ile dogrulanmistir. Hayvan sayilari icin 2006–2009 yillari icin gerceklesmeler ile ARIMA modelleri ile elde edilen ongoruler karsilastirildiginda ongoru degerleri genellikle gerceklesmelerden daha buyuk hesaplanmistir. 2015 yilina kadar elde edilen ongoruler, toplam hayvan sayilarinin yillik ortalama artis hizinin binde 2 olacagini gostermektedir. Toplam keci sayisinin, once artacagi daha sonra azalacagi ongorulmustur. Bu seri icin ongoru doneminde yillik ortalama azalis hizi binde 7 olarak hesaplanmistir. 2015 yilina kadar olan donemde koyun ve sigir sayilari icin ongoru degerleri yillik ortalama artis hizinin sirasiyla binde 6 ve binde 3 olarak gerceklesebilecegini gostermektedir. Toplam manda sayisinin ise surekli bir azalma egilimi icerisinde oldugu ve yillik ortalama azalis hizinin binde 3 olacagi ongorulmustur
Nonparametric estimation with censored data : a discrete approach

This dissertation principally addresses nonparametric maximal likelihood (NPML) estimation of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) given multivariate (arbitrarily) censored data (herein abbreviated MCD). %%%%The CDF nonparametric maximal likelihood estimate (NPMLE) given MCD has support on the union of all maximal intersections of the data. The CDF NPMLE can be computed numerically using the clique matrix of the intersection graph of the data; these NPMLEs can be nonunique in both a representational and a mixture sense (see Peto 1973, Turnbull 1976, Gentleman & Vandal 2001 and Gentleman & Vandal 2002). %%%%The fundamental methodology used in this dissertation consists in applying graph theory to the intersection graph of censored data and discrete mathematics to its linear algebraic representation. An optimal algorithm to determine the maximal intersections of MCD is proposed. A full discussion of measures of NPMLE mixture nonuniqueness and their computational implementations for the measures is provided. The iterative convex minorant (ICM) algorithm to obtain the NPMLE is extended to the case of MCD. The nonparametric likelihood maximization given MCD is simplified via the use of a reduction tree. The EM/X Algorithm is introduced to compute the NPMLE for large MCD set. Bounds on self-consistent estimates of the CDF (a class to which the CDF NPMLE belongs) given MCD are used to assess the degree of consistency of the CDF NPMLE. Constrained estimation and likelihood intervals computation given univariate censored data are discussed. The empirical likelihood method is also applied to construct CDF likelihood sets for MCD. An unbiased and consistent estimate is proposed for MCD with fixed censoring times.
New CTEQ global analysis of quantum chromodynamics with high-precision data from the LHC

We present the new parton distribution functions (PDFs) from the CTEQ-TEA collaboration, obtained using a wide variety of high-precision Large Hadron Collider (LHC) data, in addition to the combined HERA I+II deep-inelastic scattering data set, along with the data sets present in the CT14 global QCD analysis. New LHC measurements in single-inclusive jet production with the full rapidity coverage, as well as production of Drell-Yan pairs, top-quark pairs, and high-$p_T$ $Z$ bosons, are included to achieve the greatest sensitivity to the PDFs. The parton distributions are determined at NLO and NNLO, with each of these PDFs accompanied by error sets determined using the Hessian method. Fast PDF survey techniques, based on the Hessian representation and the Lagrange Multiplier method, are used to quantify the preference of each data set to quantities such as $\alpha_s(m_Z)$, and the gluon and strange quark distributions. We designate the main resulting PDF set as CT18. The ATLAS 7 TeV precision $W/Z$ data are not included in CT18, due to their tension with other data sets in the global fit. Alternate PDF sets are generated including the ATLAS precision 7 TeV $W/Z$ data (CT18A), a new scale choice for low-$x$ DIS data (CT18X), or all of the above with a slightly higher choice for the charm mass (CT18Z). Theoretical calculations of standard candle cross sections at the LHC (such as the $gg$ fusion Higgs boson cross section) are presented.
Approximation algorithms in combinatorial scientific computing

We survey recent work on approximation algorithms for computing degree-constrained subgraphs in graphs and their applications in combinatorial scientific computing. The problems we consider include maximization versions of cardinality matching, edge-weighted matching, vertex-weighted matching and edge-weighted $b$ -matching, and minimization versions of weighted edge cover and $b$ -edge cover. Exact algorithms for these problems are impractical for massive graphs with several millions of edges. For each problem we discuss theoretical foundations, the design of several linear or near-linear time approximation algorithms, their implementations on serial and parallel computers, and applications. Our focus is on practical algorithms that yield good performance on modern computer architectures with multiple threads and interconnected processors. We also include information about the software available for these problems.
Encouraging Free Play: Extramural Digital Game-Based Language Learning as a Complex Adaptive System

Massively multiplayer online role-playing games like World of Warcraft are ideally suited to encourage and facilitate second language development (SLD) in the extramural setting, but to what extent do the language learners’ actual trajectories of gameplay contribute to SLD? With the current propensity to focus research in digital game-based language learning on vernacular games, or commercially-available games that are designed with entertainment in mind, it is vital to focus on the extramural setting in which these games are designed to be played, while still being subject to rigorous and empirical analysis. This paper examines the extramural gameplay and language learning trajectories of four university German language learners as they play World of Warcraft with native German speakers. Positioning learners’ experiences within a complex adaptive systems framework (Larsen-Freeman & Cameron, 2008; de Bot & Larsen-Freeman, 2011), the change that each learner undergoes while playing the game over the course of four months is explored in detail. Understanding the game environment as an affinity space (Gee, 2005) helps to substantiate how a game, independent of instructor guidance or classroom intervention, can still promote SLD amongst language learners of varying experiences and proficiencies. The results of this study suggest that numerous factors influence the success of a language learner’s extramural gameplay experience, but that these factors must be analyzed in conjunction with the emergent internal and external resources of the complex adaptive system as language learners play and interact with other players in a context removed from the traditional classroom.
Experimental Study of 5-kW High-Stability Monolithic Fiber Laser Oscillator With or Without External Feedback

In this paper, we construct a high power monolithic fiber laser oscillator based on a commercial ytterbium-doped fiber with core/inner cladding diameter of 25/400 μm. The output performances of the fiber oscillator are experimentally investigated in the conditions of either with or without an external feedback. In the presence of external feedback, a very strong stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) (∼9 dB below the signal light) emerges at the output power of ∼3.56 kW, where the onset of the transverse mode instability (TMI) limits further power scaling. By large angle cleaving the signal arm of the forward combiner to avoid external feedback, the maximum output power of 5.07 kW is achieved with no sign of TMI. The Raman stokes light is ∼35 dB below the signal light and the M2 factor is measured to be ∼1.6. To directly characterize its power stability and engineering capability, the fiber oscillator is tested for continuous 5-h operation at ∼5.07 kW with power fluctuation less than 0.42%. During the test process, the output power, spectrum, beam quality, and temporal signal perform excellent stability. The experimental results reveal that thresholds of SRS and TMI strongly depend on the external feedback in high power fiber oscillators.
Existence and uniqueness of E-infinity structures on motivic K-theory spectra

We show that algebraic K-theory KGL, the motivic Adams summand ML and their connective covers acquire unique E-infinity structures refining naive multiplicative structures in the motivic stable homotopy category. The proofs combine Gamma-homology computations and work due to Robinson giving rise to motivic obstruction theory. As an application we employ a motivic to simplicial delooping argument to show a uniqueness result for E-infinity structures on the K-theory Nisnevich presheaf of spectra.
Analyzing the Factors That Affect Information Systems Use: A Task-Technology Fit Meta-Analysis

If technology provides features that are useful to an end user, then it will have a positive impact on their performance. Task-technology fit theory defines a model that has been used to explain information systems utilization. Goodhue and Thompson's (1995) research describes the relationship between the task requirements of the user and the functionality of the system and their impact on utilization. Performance impacts will occur when the technology meets the users' needs and provides features that support the fit of the requirements of the task. This paper examines a wide body of research that has investigated task-technology fit. It presents a meta-analysis of the differences in the definition of the theory itself, the various research methodologies utilized to explain the theory and the contexts in which the theory has been applied. It contributes to the literature by analyzing these dimensions to help move information researchers towards a consolidated theory of technology utilization and its impact on performance. This paper also provides a resource for those looking for a comprehensive overview of task-technology fit research.
Eye Tracking to Model Attribute Attendance

The literature on choice experiments has been dealing with ways to refine preference elicitation from subjects and predictive power of models. Technological advances such as eye tracking has improved our understanding on how much of the attributes and attribute levels presented to participants is being considered in the decision making process in these kind of experiments. This study investigates subjects’ degree of attendance to attributes and how it influences their choices. The amount of time the subjects spent observing each attribute, relative to all available information on each choice set is used to estimate the attribute attendance. This indicates the revealed attendance to the attributes in the experiment. A simple econometric approach compares the parameter estimates from revealed attribute attendance adjusted models using data from an eye tracking device and a model endogenously inferring the probabilities of using information from each attribute in the choice. The results show that the assumption that participants use all the available information to make their decisions produces significant differences in the parameter estimates, leading to potential bias. The results also illustrate that model fit and predictive power is greatly increased by using revealed attendance levels using eye tracking measures. The most significant improvement however, is to endogenously infer attribute attendance; even more so with revealed attendance indicators.
Rotational cooling of molecules in a Bose-Einstein condensate

We discuss the rotational cooling of diatomic molecules in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of ultra-cold atoms by emission of phonons with orbital angular momentum. Despite the superfluidity of the BEC there is no frictionless rotation for typical molecules since the dominant cooling occurs via emission of particle-like phonons. Only for macro-dimers, whose size becomes comparable or larger than the condensate healing length, a Landau-like, critical angular momentum exists below which phonon emission is suppressed. We find that the rotational relaxation of typical molecules is in general faster than the cooling of the linear motion of impurities in a BEC. This also leads to a finite lifetime of angulons, quasi-particles of rotating molecules coupled to phonons with orbital angular-momentum. We analyze the dynamics of rotational cooling for homo-nuclear diatomic molecules based on a quantum Boltzmann equation including single- and two-phonon scattering and discuss the effect of thermal phonons.
University of Birmingham Towards cognitively plausible data science in language research

: Over the past 10 years, Cognitive Linguistics has taken a quantitative turn. Yet, concerns have been raised that this preoccupation with quantification and modelling may not bring us any closer to understanding how language works. We show that this objection is unfounded, especially if we rely on modelling techniques based on biologically and psychologically plausible learning algorithms. These make it possible to take a quantitative approach, while generating and testing specific hypotheses that will advance our understanding of how knowledge of language emerges from exposure to usage.
Paneitz operator for metrics near $S^3$

We derive the first and second variation formula for the Green's function pole's value of Paneitz operator on the standard three sphere. In particular it is shown that the first variation vanishes and the second variation is nonpositively definite. Moreover, the second variation vanishes only at the direction of conformal deformation. We also introduce a new invariant of the Paneitz operator and illustrate its close relation with the second eigenvalue and Sobolev inequality of Paneitz operator.
Extended abstracts of the 2nd International Workshop on Open and Original Problems in Software Language Engineering: OOPSLE 2014

: The OOPSLE workshop is a discussion-oriented and collaborative forum for formulating and addressing with open, unsolved and unsolvable problems in software language engineering (SLE), which is a research domain of systematic, disciplined and measurable approaches of development, evolution and maintenance of artiﬁcial languages used in software development. OOPSLE aims to serve as a think tank in selecting candidates for the open problem list, as well as other kinds of unconventional questions and deﬁnitions that do not necessarily have clear answers or solutions, thus facilitating the exposure of dark data. We also plan to formulate promising language-related challenges to organise in the future.
A remarkably high fraction of strong Ly_alpha emitters amongst luminous redshift 6.0

We present spectroscopic confirmation of ten highly luminous (L >= 2L*) Lyman alpha emitters in the redshift range 6.01 = 6 Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) selected from an area of 0.25 square degrees within the UKIDSS Ultra-deep Survey (UDS). Overall, our high rate of spectroscopic confirmation (>= 71%) and low rate of contamination provides a strong vindication of the photometric redshift analysis used to define the original sample. By considering star-formation rate estimates based on the Ly_alpha and UV continuum luminosity we conclude that our sample is consistent with a Ly_alpha escape fraction of ~25%. Moreover, after careful consideration of the potential uncertainties and biases, we find that 40%-50% of our sample of L >= 2L* galaxies at 6.0 = 25 Angs), a fraction which is a factor of ~2 higher than previously reported for L =2 L*) LBGs shows a similarly sharp increase to that observed in their lower-luminosity (L <= L*) counterparts.
Portfolio Optimization and Diversification Benefits: A Local Gaussian Correlation Approach

Volatility and correlation among asset returns are central to portfolio allocation and risk management. The idea is simple; low correlated assets are good for diversification, while highly correlated assets should be avoided. However, as shown by numerous empirical studies, it is well documented that there are asymmetries in the distribution of financial returns. This is especially true when the market is going down, which often leads to stronger dependence between assets, known as asymmetric dependence structures. This effect is important for risk management and the performance of international portfolios. An increased dependence in financial markets during a crisis period, will imply that the diversification effect could be less than anticipated. In this work we will examine the dependence patterns over time between different asset classes, e.g. developed markets, emerging markets, commodity market, bonds etc., by using the theory of local Gaussian correlation (LGC). We will examine how the LGC and adjustments in the covariance matrix primarily can be used to hopefully improve the classical Markowitz portfolio theory, and in particular examine how inclusion of different asset classes to a portfolio could increase the potential benefits of diversification. This is of particular importance for large institutional investors with a long investment horizon.