Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tiredness in Acute and Chronic Depression Treated with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Background: Tiredness is used in some characterizations of major depressive disorder (MDD). Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) lowers all symptoms of MDD. Objective: To explore whether, 1) a visual analogue scale (VAS) for tiredness is a valid and reliable measure of a feature of MDD, and 2) TMS treatment reduces subjective tiredness occurring in MDD. Method: A naturalistic study of treatment with 10 Hz TMS. Completed pre- and post-treatment: HAMD-6, a visual analogue scale (VAS-6), the Clinical Global Impression – Severity (CGI-S) and a ‘VAS-tiredness’. Two groups received TMS. Acute course: N=52 participants suffering acute MDD, received 20 treatment courses (total courses 86). Relapse prevention (RP) course: N=26 participants suffering chronic relapsing MDD received scheduled episodic courses over 3 days; (total courses 266). VAS-tiredness scores were compared with the standardized tool results. Results: There were significant medium to large correlations between pre- and post-treatment VAS-tiredness and the standard depression measures (HAMD-6 .406 to .447, VAS-6 .446 to .525, CGI-S .348 to .407; all p<.001). TMS treatment produced a significant reduction in VAS tiredness in both (Acute course and RP) groups (main effect: F(1,350)=147.3, p<. 001, η2=. 30). The two groups displayed difference in the pre-treatment VAStiredness with the Acute group having higher scores pre-treatment. Post-treatment tiredness scores were similar. Conclusion: -tiredness is a valid measure of a feature of MDD. VAS-tiredness provides potentially useful information and complements standard mood tools. TMS treatment can reduce tiredness in MDD.
PREVALENCE OF ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS IN REALTION TO THE USE OF CHEWABLE TOBACCO

Introduction: Tobacco has been considered as a major etiological factor in the development of oral potentially malignant disorders. Any form of chewable tobacco is as signiﬁcant in relation to oral carcinoma as is Smoked tobacco. Objective: To ﬁnd out the association of Chewable tobacco with Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders. Material Methods: it was a cross sectional descriptive study through a self-structured questionnaire and oral examination by the observer in a sample of 1078 participants. Observations: Chewable tobacco increases 7.5 times more risk for having OPMD than non-chewers. Gutkha is the most common form of smokeless tobacco 115(55.8%) and supari 1(11.1%) is the least common form of smokeless tobacco present in the participants with. Strong association was seen between frequency of tobacco use and occurrence of oral precancerous lesions OPMD. Conclusions and Recommendations: The use of smokeless tobacco was signiﬁcantly associated with Oral potentially malignant disorders.IEC activities and BCC can form major pillars in control of tobacco use along with the legislative measures.
Influence of Water Flow on In Situ Rates of Bacterial Fe(II) Oxidation

Abstract A survey of a low-flow wetland drainage channel rich in flocculent bacteriogenic iron oxide (BIOS) deposits was conducted to investigate the in situ kinetic behaviors of bacterial Fe(II) oxidation and its dependence on water flow. On the basis of analytical solutions to the advection-dispersion-reaction (ADR) equation and the channel’s Fe(II) concentration profile, the pseudo-first order rate constant for Fe(II) oxidation () was 0.78 ± 0.20 min−1. The difference in this estimate from that obtained in a previous study on a lotic groundwater discharge channel with an intact BIOS mat (1.70 ± 0.20 min−1) demonstrates the effects of water flow on Fe(II) oxidation kinetics in circumneutral pH, Fe(II)-rich settings. Importantly, these results also re-emphasize the discrepancies between rates obtained from in situ geochemical data and those of conventional ex situ batch studies in assessing the dependencies of in situ reaction rates on water flow and reactive transport across a range of hydraulic regimes characterizing natural systems.
Dry Needling Effects on Non-Specific Cervical Radiculopathic Pain and Dysfunction:-A Case Report

Abstract: 19 year old college student was referred to physical therapy department with signs and symptoms of seventh cervical nerve root radicupathic pain. Physical examination of cervical spine had shown that localised pain over left C6-7 junction and radiating down till the dorsal aspect of ring finger. Spurling and upper limb tension tests had shown positive a sign for cervical nerve root irritation. She was treated with intermittent cervical traction, stretching for neck muscles, mobilization for cervical and thoracic spine, and trigger point massage for the period of two week. But, the symptoms were not reduced completely and she had complaints of recurrence of radiating pain. Further examination had revealed that maximum tender points over paraspinal muscle of cervical region and altered function of cervical spine. Later she was treated with dry needling over supraspinous ligament and myofascial trigger points of cervical and shoulder muscles. The dry needling procedure was carried out for two sessions with 72 hour interval and subjective pain intensity and neck disability was assessed using Visual Analog Scale and Neck Disability Index before and after treatment. The post needling pain and neck disability score were reduced compared to before intervention pain and disability score. Pain and neck disability was assessed three months after the treatment which was also shown that sustainability of effects.
Making flexible spin caloritronic devices with interconnected nanowire networks

We use macroscopic-scale magnetic nanowire network films to create efficient, flexible spin-thermoelectric devices. Spin caloritronics has recently emerged from the combination of spintronics and thermoelectricity. Here, we show that flexible, macroscopic spin caloritronic devices based on large-area interconnected magnetic nanowire networks can be used to enable controlled Peltier cooling of macroscopic electronic components with an external magnetic field. We experimentally demonstrate that three-dimensional CoNi/Cu multilayered nanowire networks exhibit an extremely high, magnetically modulated thermoelectric power factor up to 7.5 mW/K2m and large spin-dependent Seebeck and Peltier coefficients of −11.5 μV/K and −3.45 mV at room temperature, respectively. Our investigation reveals the possibility of performing efficient magnetic control of heat flux for thermal management of electronic devices and constitutes a simple and cost-effective pathway for fabrication of large-scale flexible and shapeable thermoelectric coolers exploiting the spin degree of freedom.
Electricity consumption and economic growth across Australian states and territories

ABSTRACT This study investigates the long-run and short-run dynamics between electricity consumption (along with traditional inputs such as labour and capital) on economic output for a panel of seven Australian states/territories over the period 1990 to 2015. Our panel results suggest that electricity consumption is positively related to gross state product in both the long-run and short-run, and the growth effect also extend to traditional inputs such as capital and labour. However, the state/territory-specific results identify both positive and negative relationships between electricity consumption and gross state product. Furthermore, we find evidence of bi-directional causality between state economic growth and capital, labour and electricity consumption, highlighting the importance of traditional inputs as well as electricity consumption in the growth process.
Estimation of the Adequate Living Expenses Threshold During the Greek Crisis

The aim of this study is to present the underlying methodology behind the estimation of the Adequate Living Expenses (ALE) Threshold for the Greek population. The ALE threshold was first introduced in 2014 by the Greek authorities as a benchmark, mainly for protecting over-indebted mortgage holders from foreclosure of the primary residence. In this manuscript, we present alternative methodological approaches and specifications considered to estimate this threshold and we report updated estimates for the year 2017. The ALE threshold is defined through expenditure for the purchase of goods and services and interpreted as the income level that the household should possess in order to cover the level of acceptable living expenses, following the median expenditure pattern of Greek households. By taking into consideration the main categories of the Greek Household Budget Survey, we examined different expenditure specifications, based on the necessity of the needs covered by gradually excluding items that could be considered as “luxury” items (four scenarios were developed). Quantile regression and linear robust regression accounting for the presence of outliers was applied and various model specifications were tested. Our results control for household structure, degree of urbanization and mortgage holding, and interactions among them. In 2017, for a family with two children ALE threshold ranged from 1,196€ to 1,497€ per month, reduced by approximately 11.5% compared to 2012, depending on the expenditure specification. The estimated ALE threshold lies considerably above the poverty line in all cases.
CD72 is a Negative Regulator of B Cell Responses to Nuclear Lupus Self-antigens and Development of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the prototypic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by production of autoantibodies to various nuclear antigens and overexpression of genes regulated by IFN-I called IFN signature. Genetic studies on SLE patients and mutational analyses of mouse models demonstrate crucial roles of nucleic acid (NA) sensors in development of SLE. Although NA sensors are involved in induction of anti-microbial immune responses by recognizing microbial NAs, recognition of self NAs by NA sensors induces production of autoantibodies to NAs in B cells and production of IFN-I in plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Among various NA sensors, the endosomal RNA sensor TLR7 plays an essential role in development of SLE at least in mouse models. CD72 is an inhibitory B cell co-receptor containing an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM) in the cytoplasmic region and a C-type lectin like-domain (CTLD) in the extracellular region. CD72 is known to regulate development of SLE because CD72 polymorphisms associate with SLE in both human and mice and CD72−/− mice develop relatively severe lupus-like disease. CD72 specifically recognizes the RNA-containing endogenous TLR7 ligand Sm/RNP by its extracellular CTLD, and inhibits B cell responses to Sm/RNP by ITIM-mediated signal inhibition. These findings indicate that CD72 inhibits development of SLE by suppressing TLR7-dependent B cell response to self NAs. CD72 is thus involved in discrimination of self-NAs from microbial NAs by specifically suppressing autoimmune responses to self-NAs.
Pro: should asymptomatic patients with moderate-to-severe OSA be treated?

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a highly prevalent condition representing a major global public health burden [1]. Attributed to the prominent symptom of excessive daytime sleepiness, it leads to significant impairments in quality of life, cognitive performance and social functioning and to a dramatic increase in road traffic and occupational accidents [2]. However, the major health burden in OSA patients is due to the significant association with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, such as systemic arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke or type 2 diabetes leading to substantial morbidity and mortality [3, 4]. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy which acts to splint the upper airway open during sleep is the treatment of choice, particularly for patients with moderate or severe disease. CPAP often has a dramatic effect on a patient's awake performance. It improves objective and subjective sleepiness, quality of life, neurocognitive function and driving performance [5]. Substantial evidence points to a benefit with CPAP on cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes in asymptomatic patients with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnoea http://ow.ly/FUxN30nkTqU
Assessing the readability and patient comprehension of rheumatology medicine information sheets: a cross-sectional Health Literacy Study

Objectives Patients are often provided with medicine information sheets (MIS). However, up to 60% of patients have low health literacy. The recommended readability level for health-related information is ≤grade 8. We sought to assess the readability of MIS given to patients by rheumatologists in Australia, the UK and Canada and to examine Australian patient comprehension of these documents. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Community-based regional rheumatology practice. Participants Random sample of patients attending the rheumatology practice. Outcome measures Readability of MIS was assessed using readability formulae (Flesch Reading Ease formula, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook scale, FORCAST (named after the authors FORd, CAylor, STicht) and the Gunning Fog scale). Literal comprehension was assessed by asking patients to read various Australian MIS and immediately answer five simple multiple choice questions about the MIS. Results The mean (±SD) grade level for the MIS from Australia, the UK and Canada was 11.6±0.1, 11.8±0.1 and 9.7±0.1 respectively. The Flesch Reading Ease score for the Australian (50.8±0.6) and UK (48.5±1.5) MIS classified the documents as ‘fairly difficult’ to ‘difficult’. The Canadian MIS (66.1±1.0) were classified as ‘standard’. The five questions assessing comprehension were correctly answered by 9/21 patients for the adalimumab MIS, 7/11 for the methotrexate MIS, 6/28 for the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory MIS, 10/11 for the prednisone MIS and 13/24 for the abatacept MIS. Conclusions The readability of MIS used by rheumatologists in Australia, the UK and Canada exceeds grade 8 level. This may explain why patient literal comprehension of these documents may be poor. Simpler, shorter MIS with pictures and infographics may improve patient comprehension. This may lead to improved medication adherence and better health outcomes.
Association of Chest CT-Based Quantitative Measures of Muscle and Fat with Post-Lung Transplant Survival and Morbidity: A Single Institutional Retrospective Cohort Study in Korean Population

Objective Abnormal body composition is an important modifiable risk factor in lung transplantation. Therefore, precise quantification of different body components, including muscle and fat, may play an important role in optimizing outcomes in lung transplant patients. The purpose of the study was to investigate the prognostic significance of muscle and subcutaneous fat mass measured on chest CT with regard to lung transplantation survival and other post-transplant outcomes. Materials and Methods The study population included 45 consecutive adult lung transplant recipients (mean age of 47.9 ± 12.1 years; 31 males and 14 females) between 2011 and 2017. Preoperative cross-sectional areas of muscle and subcutaneous fat were semi-automatically measured on axial CT images at the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra (T12). Additional normalized indexed parameters, adjusted for either height or weight, were obtained. Associations of quantitative parameters with survival and various other post-transplant outcomes were evaluated. Results Of the 45 patients included in the present study, 10 mortalities were observed during the follow-up period. Patients with relative sarcopenia (RS) classified based on height-adjusted muscle area with a cut-off value of 28.07 cm2/m2 demonstrated worse postoperative survival (log-rank test, p = 0.007; hazard ratio [HR], 6.39:1) despite being adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (HR, 8.58:1; p = 0.022). Weight-adjusted parameters of muscle area were negatively correlated with duration of ventilator support (R = −0.54, p < 0.001) and intensive care unit (ICU) stay (R = −0.33, p = 0.021). Conclusion Patients with RS demonstrate worse survival after lung transplantation that those without RS. Additionally, quantitative parameters of muscles measured at the T12 level on chest CT were associated with the duration of post-lung transplant ventilator support and duration of stay in the ICU.
Combining Family History and Machine Learning to Link Historical Records

A key challenge for research on many questions in the social sciences is that it is difficult to link historical records in a way that allows investigators to observe people at different points in their life or across generations. In this paper, we develop a new approach that relies on millions of record links created by individual contributors to a large, public, wiki-style family tree. First, we use these “true” links to inform the decisions one needs to make when using traditional linking methods. Second, we use the links to construct a training data set for use in supervised machine learning methods. We describe the procedure we use and illustrate the potential of our approach by linking individuals across the 100% samples of the US decennial censuses from 1900, 1910, and 1920. We obtain an overall match rate of about 70 percent, with a false positive rate of about 12 percent. This combination of high match rate and accuracy represents a point beyond the current frontier for record linking methods.
Exportation of MDR TB to Europe from Setting with Actively Transmitted Persistent Strains in Peru

We performed a cross-border molecular epidemiology analysis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Peru, Spain, and Italy. This analysis revealed frequent transmission in Peru and exportation of a strain that recreated similar levels of transmission in Europe during 2007–2017. Transnational efforts are needed to control transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis globally.
Quality parameters and adaptation of Muscidifurax raptorellus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) against dipteran pests harmful to livestock and cultivated plants

Abstract Muscidifurax raptorellus is a parasitoid wasp which is commonly used in the biological control of harmful dipterans in stables. In this study, the adaptation of M. raptorellus to different species of dipteran hosts—detrimental to both agriculture (Diptera: Tephritidae) and livestock (Diptera: Muscidae)—as well as several quality parameters of this commercial parasitoid was assessed under laboratory conditions. Our results showed a higherparasitism rate of M. raptorellus onmuscidthan ontephritid hosts and a significant effect of the natal host on M. raptorellus female longevity and fertility; however, despite this and the innate preference formuscid hosts, M. raptorellus showed similar fecundity, fertility and sex ratios when reared on pupae of Ceratitis capitata and on muscidpupae. Furthermore, both fertility and the sex ratio of commercially available M. raptorellus individuals showed values within an acceptable range of quality. Our results suggest that M. raptorellus could be recommended as a natural enemy in biological control programmes against dipteran pests harmful both to livestock and cultivated plants.
Obesity as an independent predictive factor for pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation in rectal cancer

Purpose The predictive role of obesity on pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) in rectal cancer remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the association between obesity and pathologic response in patients with rectal cancer following nCRT. Methods A total of 320 patients with primary rectal cancer who underwent curative resection after nCRT between January 2010 and September 2014 were enrolled in this study. Obesity was defined as body mass index of ≥25 kg/m2. Clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed to identify independent predictive factors for pCR. Results Among the included patients, 23.4% (n = 75) were obese, and 14.7% (n = 47) showed pCR. Baseline characteristics were generally similar between obese and nonobese patients, except that women (P = 0.001) and cT2 tumors (P = 0.001) were more common in the obese group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 2.051; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.009–4.168), cT2 (OR, 3.614; 95% CI, 1.166–11.202), and pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen <5 ng/mL (OR, 2.921; 95% CI, 1.365–6.253) were independent predictors for pCR. Obesity was not associated with disease-free survival or local recurrence-free survival. Conclusion Obesity was an independent predictive factor for pCR following nCRT in rectal cancer, but was not associated with recurrence. Further studies are needed to clarify the association between obesity and prognosis of rectal cancer after nCRT.
Glioblastoma Stem-Like Cells, Metabolic Strategy to Kill a Challenging Target

Over the years, substantial evidence has definitively confirmed the existence of cancer stem-like cells within tumors such as Glioblastoma (GBM). The importance of Glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) in tumor progression and relapse clearly highlights that cancer eradication requires killing of GSCs that are intrinsically resistant to conventional therapies as well as eradication of the non-GSCs cells since GSCs emergence relies on a dynamic process. The past decade of research highlights that metabolism is a significant player in tumor progression and actually might orchestrate it. The growing interest in cancer metabolism reprogrammation can lead to innovative approaches exploiting metabolic vulnerabilities of cancer cells. These approaches are challenging since they require overcoming the compensatory and adaptive responses of GSCs. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on GSCs with a particular focus on their metabolic complexity. We will also discuss potential approaches targeting GSCs metabolism to potentially improve clinical care.
Apoptosis and inflammation in experimental ischemia-reperfusion : matters of life and cell death

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