Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Educational Health Program on Quality of Life for Family Caregivers of Cancer Children Receiving Chemotherapy

Background: Cancer as a chronic illness affects the entire family life of the affected children and deteriorates their Quality of life (QoL). Objective: to contribute to improvement of quality of life of family caregivers of cancer children receiving chemotherapy. Subjects and Methods: The study was carried out at the Hematology and Oncology Unit in the pediatric department at Zagazig University Hospital, Sharkia governorate using a quasi experimental design on convenience sample of 78 family caregivers of children having cancer and on chemotherapy. Data collection tools included two tools namely an interview questionnaire form and scale for quality of life for family caregivers of medically ill patient. The researcher developed, implemented, and evaluated a health educational program for family caregivers. Results: The results revealed that the family caregivers have deficient knowledge about the disease and its treatment, associated with low QoL at pre program phase. The implementation of the program led to significant improvements in caregivers' knowledge. This significant improvement in knowledge has correlated significantly with improved QoL of family caregivers. Conclusion: the independent predictors of caregivers' QoL scores are the intervention score, means the intervention improving QoL. Dissemination of the educational program to other pediatric oncology hospitals, with involvement of other family members in the program is recommended.
Pathologic discrepancies between colposcopy-directed biopsy and loop electrosurgical excision procedure of the uterine cervix in women with cytologic high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions

Objective To investigate pathologic discrepancies between colposcopy-directed biopsy (CDB) of the cervix and loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in women with cytologic high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs). Methods We retrospectively identified 297 patients who underwent both CDB and LEEP for HSILs in cervical cytology between 2015 and 2018, and compared their pathologic results. Considering the LEEP to be the gold standard, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of CDB for identifying cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades 2 and 3, adenocarcinoma in situ, and cancer (HSIL+). We also performed age subgroup analyses. Results Among the study population, 90.9% (270/297) had pathologic HSIL+ using the LEEP. The diagnostic performance of CDB for identifying HSIL+ was as follows: sensitivity, 87.8%; specificity, 59.3%; balanced accuracy, 73.6%; positive predictive value, 95.6%; and negative predictive value, 32.7%. Thirty-three false negative cases of CDB included CIN2,3 (n=29) and cervical cancer (n=4). The pathologic HSIL+ rate in patients with HSIL− by CDB was 67.3% (33/49). CDB exhibited a significant difference in the diagnosis of HSIL+ compared to LEEP in all patients (p<0.001). In age subgroup analyses, age groups <35 years and 35–50 years showed good agreement with the entire data set (p=0.496 and p=0.406, respectively), while age group ≥50 years did not (p=0.036). Conclusion A significant pathologic discrepancy was observed between CDB and LEEP results in women with cytologic HSILs. The diagnostic inaccuracy of CDB increased in those ≥50 years of age.
On-field assessment of concussion: clinical utility of the King-Devick test

Abstract Sport-related concussion (SRC) is an important public health concern with up to 3.8 million SRCs occurring each year. As the incidence and rate of SRC increases, reliable and valid tools for diagnosis and management are needed. The King-Devick (K-D) test assesses a patient’s visual function based on reading a series of numbers as well as counting both time to completion and errors. Its rapid administration time and simplicity make the K-D test a potentially useful SRC diagnostic tool, though limitations exist in baseline testing and what constitutes an abnormal score. Additionally, the K-D tests should never be used in isolation to diagnose a concussion, but rather as one test in conjunction with additional clinical measures, as part of an individualized approach to each patient. The current review examines the clinical utility of the K-D test.
Bio-Inspired Deep-CNN Pipeline for Skin Cancer Early Diagnosis

Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer, as also among the riskiest in the medical oncology field. Skin cancer is more common in people who work or practice outdoor sports and those that expose themselves to the sun. It may also develop years after radiographic therapy or exposure to substances that cause cancer (e.g., arsenic ingestion). Numerous tumors can affect the skin, which is the largest organ in our body and is made up of three layers: the epidermis (superficial layer), the dermis (middle layer) and the subcutaneous tissue (deep layer). The epidermis is formed by different types of cells: melanocytes, which have the task of producing melanin (a pigment that protects against the damaging effects of sunlight), and the more numerous keratinocytes. The keratinocytes of the deepest layer are called basal cells and can give rise to basal cell carcinomas. We are interested in types of skin cancer that originate from melanocytes, i.e., the so-called melanomas, because it is the most aggressive. The dermatologist, during a complete visit, evaluates the personal and family history of the patient and carries out an accurate visual examination of the skin, thanks to the use of epi-luminescence (or dermoscopy), a special technique for enlarging and illuminating the skin. This paper mentions one of the most widely used diagnostic methods due to its simplicity and validity—the ABCDE method (Asymmetry, edge irregularity, Color Variegation, Diameter, Evolution). This methodology, based on “visual” investigation by the dermatologist and/or oncologist, has the advantage of not being invasive and quite easy to perform. This approach is affected by the opinion of who (physicians) applies it. For this reason, certain diagnosis of cancer is made, however, only with a biopsy, a procedure during which a portion of tissue is taken and then analyzed under a microscope. Obviously, this is particularly invasive for the patient. The authors of this article have analyzed the development of a method that obtains with good accuracy the early diagnosis of skin neoplasms using non-invasive, but at the same time, robust methodologies. To this end, the authors propose the adoption of a deep learning pipeline based on morphological analysis of the skin lesion. The results obtained and compared with previous approaches confirm the good performance of the proposed pipeline.
Myorelaxant effect of aqueous root bark extract of Carissa edulis (Forssk.) Vahl. is mediated through activation of nitric oxide synthase

Many patients in Africa often utilize herbal medicine for the management of hyperactive gut disorders such as diarrhea and abdominal colic. There is therefore a need to scientifically evaluate efficacy of this herbal remedies. This study investigated the myorelaxant effect of Carissa edulis (Forssk.) Vahl and its possible mechanism of action using isolated rabbit jejunum preparations. Pieces of jejunum were isolated from adult New Zealand white rabbits. They were then mounted in an organ bath containing Tyrode’s solution. The rate and force of jejunal contraction were recorded and analyzed using a Powerlab that was coupled to Chart5 software for windows. The effects of the extract (0.1-10.0 mg/ml) on spontaneous contraction were investigated. Its effect (3.0 mg/ml) was also studied in the presence of LG-NAME (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), methylene blue (soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor) and propranolol (non-selective β adrenergic receptors antagonist). The extract dose-dependent significantly decreased the force but not the rate of spontaneous rabbit jejunal contraction. Among the blockers used, only LG -NAME significantly blocked the effect of the extract. Aqueous root bark extracts of C. edulis possess significant myorelaxant effect on isolated rabbit jejunum. This appears to be mediated through stimulation of nitric oxide release by nitric oxide synthase. Key words: Carissa edulis, diarrhea, jejunum, motility, myorelaxant.
Exploring how therapeutic horse riding improves health outcomes using a realist framework

Introduction Evaluating how therapeutic horse riding improves health for children experiencing disability is made complex by a lack of clarity around mechanisms of treatment effect. This research develops an explanatory theory outlining how health outcomes may be optimised, by exploring what works for which riders, under what conditions and how. Method Within a realist research framework, we undertook three phases of study using a mix of qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis approaches. Findings were then integrated into an overall evaluative account. Results Riders with a range of impairments (n = 32; aged 5 to 17 years), caregivers (n = 29) and therapeutic horse riding providers (n = 16) participated. Three key mechanisms of intervention effect are proposed: (1) therapeutic horse riding facilitates development of a rider’s self-concept through opportunities for accessible, meaningful participation; (2) the context in which therapeutic horse riding is provided promotes a focus on riders’ capacities and strengths and (3) therapeutic horse riding provides opportunities for a broad range of learning experiences. Conclusion Therapeutic horse riding provides opportunities for meaningful occupational participation for children experiencing disability. Ensuring that the physical and ideological context in which therapeutic horse riding is provided focuses on a rider’s capacities and strengths will enhance self-concept development and participation outcomes.
Iran Tebriz Ostad Alinasab Hastanesi’nin örneklerinden elde edilen Escherichia coli izolatlarında genişletilmiş-spektrum beta-laktamoz (TEM1) geninin araştırılması

Amac: Antibiyotik direncinin gelismesi bakteriyel enfeksiyonlarin kontrolunde onemli bir sorundur. Bu calisma, antibiyotik duyarlilik profillerini degerlendirmek ve Tebriz’de Ostad Alinasab Hastane’sinin klinik ornekleriden elde edilen E.coli izolatlarinda blaTEM geni varligini degerlendirmek amaciyla planlanmistir. Gerec ve Yontemler: E. coli (100 izolatlari) geleneksel bakteriyolojik testler ile elde edilmis ve daha sonra antibiyotic duyarlilik testleri Kirby-Bauer yontemine gore degerlendirilmistir. Dogrulayici testler ise “Combinde disk” testleri ile gerceklestirilmistir. Son olarak blaTEM geni varligi polymeraz zincir reaksiyon (PCR) teknigi kullanilarak degerlendirilmistir. Bulgular: Yuz E. coli izolatindan %23’nun blaTEM genini icerdigi belirlenmistir. Izolatlarinin %18’inde Seftazidim, % 30’unda sefotaksim direnci saptanmistir. Izolatlarin % 46’sinda EBSL sentezi belirlenmis ve bu izolatlarin % 23’de de blaTEM geninin varligi saptanmistir. Sonuc: E. coli izolatlarinda saptanan ucuncu kusak sefalosporinlere karsi yuksek direnc uygunsuz antibiyotik kullanimindan kacinilmasi gerektiginin ve tedavi oncesi dogru duyarlilik testlerinin uygulanmasi gerektiginin onemin gostermektedir.
EFFECT OF SOME ANTIBIOTICS ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, BLOOD CONSTITUENTS AND ORGANS-HISTOPATHOLOGY OF BAUSCAT BUCK RABBITS.

Thirty six Basket buck rabbits, 6 months of age with an average initial body weight, 2835 ± 44.58 g were randomly allotted into three experimental groups (N= 12) based on body weight. The 1 st group was used as control and injected with saline solution (1 ml of 0.09 % NaCL). The 2 nd and 3 rd groups were injected subcutaneous with 2.5 mg of each tetracycline and enrofloxacin per kg live body weight biweekly for 10 weeks, respectively. Semen samples were individually collected from the five bucks once weekly for a period of 10 weeks to evaluate semen quality. Blood samples from five Basket buck rabbits in each experimental group were collected biweekly throughout the experimental period, also blood parameters were studied. At the end of experiment, three bucks from each experimental groups were randomly chosen and slaughtered to study the histopathological examination. Specimens of liver, kidneys and testes were taken from each animal for the histopathological investigation. The present results showed that the live body weight and the relative weight of liver, testes and epididymis was not affected significantly by injection with tetracycline or enrofloxacine. However, the relative weight of kidney of bucks which treated with tetracycline and enrofloxacine increased significantly (P < 0.05) as compared with the control group. The treatment of bucks with tetracycline or enrofloxacine decreased insignificantly the total number of RBCs and WBCs as compared with the control group. The total number of platelets were decreased (P < 0.05) in rabbits treated with tetracycline and increased (P< 0.05) in which treated with enrofloxacine. After treatment with tetracycline and enrofloxacine, the mean concentration of hemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) were similarly with control. The total protein, globuline, bilirubin levels and createnin were decreased (P < 0.05) with rabbits treated with tetracycline or enrofloxacine compared to the control group. However, albumin, albumin / globuline (A/G) ratio and the plasma urea –N concentrations were similar in both treated with tetracycline or enrofloxacine and control groups. Injection of bucks with tetracycline induced (P < 0.05) reduction of plasma AST activity and increased (P < 0.05) of plasma ALT activity.
Ultrasound Measurement of the Abdominal Aortic Diameter in a Normotensive and Hypertensive Adult Nigerian Population in Enugu

Background: Hypertension has direct effect on abdominal aortic diameter. Some of its manifestations are aortic aneurysm and dissection. Aims: To compare the AAD among adult normotensive and hypertensive subjects as well as correlating with age, sex and blood pressure. Materials and Methods: Participants will be randomly selected from hypertensives attending Cardiology Clinic, in University of Nigeria teaching hospital (UNTH) Enugu, Nigeria. Controls will be apparently healthy normotensive volunteers. Participants’ demographics, weight, height and blood pressure will be documented. Ultrasound measurements of infrarenal AAD will be taken at 2 cm below the origin of the superior mesenteric artery. Data will be statistically analyzed and a p-value of ≤ 0.05 will be considered significant. Results: 300 participants: comprising of 150 normotensives and 150 hypertensives were studied. The mean values for AAD in normotensive males and females were 16.66 ± 2.04 mm and 15.36 ± 1.97 mm respectively. Whereas the values for hypertensives, changed to 18.89 ± 2.64 mm and 16.57 ± 2.54 mm respectively. The AAD showed a positive correlation with systolic blood pressure (r2 = 0.317, P ≤ 0.001) but not with diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Abdominal aortic diameter was significantly larger among hypertensives than normotensives. The diameter increased with age in both normotensive and hypertensive subjects.
Idiosyncratic Liver Injury Due to Levocetirizine

ABSTRACT Levocetirizine is an over-the-counter nonsedating antihistaminic agent commonly used to treat allergic diseases. Clinically significant acute liver injury has been very rarely associated with its use. Only 2 cases of acute liver injury associated with levocetirizine have been reported in the literature. We describe the case of a 67-year-old man who developed clinically significant acute hepatic injury after using levocetirizine. On the liver biopsy, there were histological findings of periportal inflammation and prominent cholestatic injury; such findings are consistent with those previously described in another similar case.
Intraoperative Nurses' Safety Practices: Its Effect on Postoperative Adverse Events among Surgical Patients undergoing General Anesthesia

Improving intra operative nurses' safety practices regarding surgical patients can be achieved through assessing how patients can be harmed or experienced further adverse events as result of improper practices and errors. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the effect of intraoperative nurses' safety practices on postoperative adverse events among surgical patients undergoing general anesthesia. Convenient Sample of two different groups (19 operating room nurses who assigned for caring of intraoperative general surgical patients &78 surgical patients who had major general surgery undergoing general anesthesia and experienced adverse events in postoperative care departments) had been recruited in the study. Two tools were used to collect data (1) observational checklist (adapted by investigator), (2) global trigger tool (developed by investigator). The Results revealed that total practice score of studied nurses was unsatisfactory (78.9%) along three phases of surgery so one half of studied patients (50%) experienced surgical wound infection or sepsis as adverse event in post-operative departments. In addition, more than two thirds of studied patients (70.5%) had experienced prolonged hospitalization as result of occurrence of adverse events '' moderate level of harm'' (category F). Conclusion. When intraoperative nurses' safety practices regarding surgical patients was unsatisfactory along three phases of surgery (sign in, time out, sign out), those patients had experienced adverse events and harm in post-operative departments regardless their age, gender, type of operation, and pervious surgical and general anesthesia history. the study recommended that strict observation and evaluation of nurses` performance during their work as well as correction of poor practices is essential, the need for continuous educational programs for operating room nurses to improve their practices regarding patient safety, and establishing a data base for patients who experienced adverse events in postoperative departments is necessary
Prevalence and associated factors of malnutrition among school going adolescents of Dang district, Nepal

Background Malnutrition is a quiet emergency and one of the most widespread causes of morbidity and mortality among children and adolescent throughout the world; however there are very limited indications about the cause of malnutrition among adolescents. This study aimed to find out the prevalence and associated factors of malnutrition among school going adolescents of Dang district, Nepal. Methods School based descriptive cross-sectional research design among 510 school adolescents studying in grade 9 and 10 between ages 14–17 years on April–October 2017 was conducted in Dang district Nepal. Among total 130 secondary schools, 10 schools were selected; one government and one private from each 5 electoral constituency using multistage probability random sampling. Results The mean age and family size was 15.28 ± 0.77 and 5.25 ± 1.56 respectively. Among the total 25.7% of the adolescents are malnourished where 21.8% underweight, 3.1% overweight and 0.8% obese. After adjustment some of the variables such as religion (OR = 0.19; CI = 0.05–0.65, p = 0.008), family type (OR = 0.28; CI = 0.13–0.61, p = 0.001), school type (OR = 0.46; CI = 0.22–0.98, p = 0.044), earning status of family (OR = 4.52; CI = 1.44–14.16, p = 0.010), daily intake of green leafy vegetables (OR = 0.49; CI = 0.26–0.93, p = 0.031) and school sports (OR = 0.49; CI = 0.25–0.96, p = 0.040) were significantly associated with the underweight of adolescent. Similarly, variables such as gender (OR = 0.20; CI = 0.04–0.97, p = 0.046) and religion (OR = 9.75; CI = 2.24–42.39, p = 0.002) were significantly associated with the overweight/obesity of adolescent. Conclusion Malnutrition was significantly higher among adolescents living in joint family, family having no earning status. Male adolescents were found more likely to be overweight and obesity. Hence to tie up the good nutrition it is recommended that integrated nutritional intervention and health related services should also be focused on adolescents.
Prevalence of ESBL urinary tract infection in children

The prevalence of ESBL producing bacteria is dissimilar internationally, with varying records from North America, Europe, South America, Africa and Asia [5-7]. This is clinically signi icant, leading to increased risk of prescribing ineffective empirical therapy and augmenting resistance to antibiotics, which in recent years, turned into a leading trouble worldwide [8,9], and correlating with intensi ied healthcare expense [10].
The effects of supraphysiological levels of testosterone on neural networks upstream of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons

Objective(s): Several pathological conditions are associated with hyper-production of testosterone; however, its impacts are not well understood. Hence, we evaluated the effects of supraphysiological levels of testosterone on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) system in the hypothalamus of male rats. Also, we assessed the expression of two excitatory (kisspeptin and neurokinin-B) and two inhibitory (dynorphin and RFamide-related-peptide) neuropeptides upstream of GnRH neurons as possible routes to relay androgen information. Materials and Methods: Gonadectomized (GDX) male rats received single injection of 100, 250 or 500 mg/kg testosterone undecanoate and three weeks later, posterior (PH) and anterior (AH) hypothalamus was dissected for evaluation of target genes using quantitative RT-PCR. Results: We found that GnRH mRNA in the PH was high in GDX rats and 500 mg/kg testosterone reduced GnRH level expression. Finding revealed extremely high level of Kiss1 mRNA in the PH of GDX rats. However, in GDX rats treated with different levels of testosterone, Kiss1 expression was not significantly different than control. We also found that testosterone replacement increased the Kiss1 mRNA level in the AH. Moreover, neurokinin-B mRNA level in PH of GDX rats was similar to control. However, excess testosterone levels were effective in significantly inducing the down-regulation of neurokinin-B expression. The basal level of dynorphin mRNA was increased following testosterone treatments in the AH, where we found no significant difference in the level of RFamide-related-peptide mRNA between the experimental groups. Conclusion: Excess levels of testosterone could act differently from its physiological concentration to regulate hypothalamic androgen sensitive neurons to control GnRH cell.