Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) improve treatment outcomes of walled-off pancreatic necrosis over plastic stents using dual-modality drainage?

Abstract Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of symptomatic walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WON) usually has been performed with double pigtail plastic stents (DPS) and more recently, with lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS). However, LAMS are significantly more expensive and there are no comparative studies with DPS. Accordingly, we compared our experience with combined endoscopic and percutaneous drainage (dual-modality drainage [DMD]) for symptomatic WON using LAMS versus DPS. Patients and methods Patients who underwent DMD of WON between July 2011 and June 2016 using LAMS were compared with a matched group treated with DPS. Technical success, clinical success, need for reintervention and adverse events (AE) were recorded. Results A total of 50 patients (31 males, 25 patients treated with LAMS and 25 patients treated with DPS) were matched for age, sex, computed tomography severity index, and disconnected pancreatic ducts. Technical success was achieved in all patients. Mean days hospitalized post-intervention (14.5 vs. 13.1, P = 0.72), time to resolution of WON (77 days vs. 63 days, P = 0.57) and mean follow-up (207 days vs. 258 days, P = 0.34) were comparable in both groups. AEs were similar in both groups (6 vs. 8, P = 0.53). Patients treated with LAMS had significantly more reinterventions per patient (1.5 vs. 0.72, P = 0.01). Conclusions In treatment of symptomatic WON using DMD, LAMS did not shorten time to percutaneous drain removal and was not associated with fewer AEs.
[Haemorrhoidal disease: role of conservative outpatient treatments].

AIM This study is a critical review of conservative office treatments of haemorrhoidal disease. MATERIAL OF STUDY Many are outpatient techniques proposed in current literature; several with small series, anecdotal ones or some ones yet abandoned for excessive morbidity (for example anal divulsion, dilatation and so on); among most used we describe procedure, indications, contraindications, results and limits about rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, cryotherapy, infrared photocoagulation, bipolar diathermy and direct current therapy. RESULTS Each method has its supporters, indications and limits; therefore in literature there are discordant opinions even when randomized studies are compared. Indeed each technique is been compared with one or more other ones but there is not a randomized trial which compares all these treatments. CONCLUSIONS Conservative office techniques, and rubber band ligation in particular, have an important role in second degree haemorrhoidal disease, in non-responsive to medical treatment first degree and also in third degree haemorrhoids in elderly patients with comorbidity or with sectorial or moderate prolapse.
Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study of interaction of Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O8 with intestinal mucosa during experimental enteritis

The experimental infection of mice with Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O8 was investigated in a quantitative and histological study. The course of bacterial penetration and spreading was precisely determined by immunohistochemical staining. After oral administration, the bacteria passed the epithelial barrier of the ileum and spread into the lamina propria. By preference they entered Peyer's patches, which were about 1,000 times more heavily colonized than the surrounding epithelium of a comparable surface area. The bacteria proliferated in the follicles, from which they spread into the lamina propria of the villi. At either site most of the bacteria multiplied extracellularly, with only a small percentage observed to be present within the phagocytes. The bacteria did not appear to be able to pass the intact basement membrane; hence, the integrity of the basement membrane is likely to play a role in determining the route of entry and limit of spread of Y. enterocolitica infection.
The use and misuse of hypnosis in court.

Over the years, much of the forensic interest in hypnosis has dealt with the question of whether an individual can be compelled to carry out antisocial behavior* and the implications that such a possibility would have for the concept of legal responsibility. More recently, however, there has been a sudden upsurge of legal cases throughout the country which have involved the use of hypnosis in an entirely different context. These cases employ hypnosis (a) to enhance defendants’ memories in order to bring out new information which might clear them of accusations against them, or (b) to increase the recall of witnesses or victims who have observed a crime, either to facilitate the pretrial investigation or to enhance memory sufficiently so that following hypnosis the individuals can serve as eyewitnesses in court. Finally, hypnosis has been used to help in the psychological and psychiatric evaluation of defendants, especially to determine their state of mind (Kline,1979). Although this application will not be discussed substantively in this essay, all the limitations of hypnosis for the proof of fact generally apply even more strongly to its use to document the fact of a state of mind.
An epidemiological survey in hospital setup in Lucknow district: A cross-sectional study

Introduction: Oral cancer is the sixth most common form of cancer reported globally which includes lip, tongue, mouth, and throat. Developing countries face several challenges to identify and remove potential risk factors. Chewing tobacco/pan masala is considered to be the most potential risk factor for oral precancerous lesions and oral cancer. Objective: To study the clinical-epidemiological profile of oral cancer cases and potential risk factor associated with it. Materials and Methods: This is cross-sectional study which includes all major tertiary hospital in Lucknow district. Five hundred and eight cases of oral cancer reported in all major tertiary hospitals in Lucknow district during 2013–2016. Study Variable: Clinicoepidemiological characteristics of oral cancer cases. Statistical Analysis: percentages, proportions. Results: Out of 508 cases, majority of the subjects included in the study belonged to 18–75 years age group. Reported cases of oral cancer in males were higher as compared to females. Most of the subjects belonged to lower middle and upper lower socioeconomic group. It was found that 199 (39.2%) subjects consumed smokeless tobacco. Buccal mucosa was the common site of oral cancer being present in 50.4% of the subjects. Histopathologically, 256 cases of buccal mucosa, 17 cases of lip, 33 cases of alveolar region, 16 cases of mandible region, 156 cases of tongue region, 7 cases of gingival buccal sulcus region, and 23 cases of palate were diagnosed as oral squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: In the present study, the most affected site was buccal mucosa (50.4%), tongue (30.7%), and other diagnosis was <10%.
Virus factories: associations of cell organelles for viral replication and morphogenesis

Genome replication and assembly of viruses often takes place in specific intracellular compartments where viral components concentrate, thereby increasing the efficiency of the processes. For a number of viruses the formation of ‘factories’ has been described, which consist of perinuclear or cytoplasmic foci that mostly exclude host proteins and organelles but recruit specific cell organelles, building a unique structure. The formation of the viral factory involves a number of complex interactions and signalling events between viral and cell factors. Mitochondria, cytoplasmic membranes and cytoskeletal components frequently participate in the formation of viral factories, supplying basic and common needs for key steps in the viral replication cycle.
PET/CT Versus CT In Post-Operative Follow Up Of Breast Cancer Patients

Objectives: The aim of this work is to compare the sensitivity and specificity of CT alone versus PET/CT in post-operative follow up of breast cancer patients. Background: Positron emission tomography (PET), using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is based on the principle of increased glucose metabolism in malignant tumors and has been frequently investigated in breast cancer. Materials & Methods: Thirty female patients with breast cancer have been investigated. All patients had positive operative history. PET/CT studies were performed for post-operative follow up. The inclusion criteria in this study are histologically proved breast cancer, positive operative history and normal blood urea and creatinine levels. Exclusion criteria is pregnancy and renal impairment. Patients were divided into three groups, first group FDG PET/CT was requested for non-conclusive CT findings, second group patients referred for FDG PET/CT for elevated tumor markers, while in third group FDG PET/CT was requested for follow up after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Results: A comparison of the sensitivity and specificity for CT alone versus PET/CT in each group, in the first group CT alone had sensitivity and specificity of 90% and 12.5% respectively, while PET/CT had sensitivity and specificity 100%. In the second group CT alone had sensitivity and specificity of 57% and 100% respectively, while PET/CT had sensitivity and specificity of 100%. In group three, CT alone had sensitivity and specificity of 83.3% and 84.25%, respectively and PET/CT had sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 100%. Conclusions: PET/CT is more sensitive and specific than CT alone for post-operative follow up of breast cancer patients.
Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Perturbation of Rb , p 53 , and Brca 1 or Brca 2 Cooperate in Inducing Metastatic Serous Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

The majority of human high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer (SEOC) is characterized by frequent mutations in p53 and alterations in the RB and FOXM1pathways. A subset of humanSEOCharbors a combination of germline and somatic mutations as well as epigenetic dysfunction for BRCA1/2. Using Cre-conditional alleles and intrabursal induction by Cre-expressing adenovirus in genetically engineered mice, we analyzed the roles of pathway perturbations in epithelial ovarian cancer initiation and progression. Inactivation of RB-mediated tumor suppression induced surface epithelial proliferation with progression to stage I carcinoma. Additional biallelic inactivation and/or missense p53 mutation in the presence or absence of Brca1/2 caused progression to stage IV disease. As in human SEOC,mice developed peritoneal carcinomatosis, ascites, and distantmetastases. Unbiased gene expression and metabolomic profiling confirmed that Rb, p53, and Brca1/2-triple mutant tumors aligned with human SEOC, and notwith other intraperitoneal cancers. Together, ourfindings provide a novel resource for evaluating disease etiology and biomarkers, therapeutic evaluation, and improved imaging strategies in epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer Res; 72(16); 4141–53. 2012 AACR.
Transformed dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: real time polymerase chain reaction detection of COL1A1–PDGFB fusion transcripts in sarcomatous areas

Background: Recent cytogenetic studies have shown that reciprocal translocation t (17;22)(q22;q13) and a supernumerary ring chromosome derived from the translocation r(17;22) are highly characteristic of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP). The chromosomal rearrangements fuse the collagen type Iα1 (COL1A1) and the platelet-derived growth factor B-chain (PDGFB) genes. The COL1A1–PDGFB fusion transcript has been shown not only in conventional DFSP but also in a small series of DFSP with fibrosarcomatons areas (DFSP-FS) using reverse transcriptase-based conventional polymerase chain reaction. Nothing is known about the status of the COL1A1–PDGFB chimaeric gene in the pleomorphic areas of DFSP-PleoSarc (formerly known as DFSP-malignant fibrous sarcoma). Aims: To show the COL1A1–PDGFB fusion transcript in transformed malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Method: A real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the COL1A1–PDGFB fusion transcript in a series of DFSP containing sarcoma was conducted to determine whether the chimaeric gene could be identified in both components of DFSP-FS and DFSP-PleoSarc. Eight cases were analysed. Results: In seven cases, transcriptable RNA was detected, and in these cases, translocations were found between COL1A1 and PDGFB genes involving exons 27, 32, 34, 40 and 47 of the COL1A1 gene and exon 2 of the PDGFB gene. Conclusions: From a diagnostic aspect, this assay can be particularly useful in confirming the diagnosis of sarcomatous DFSP. On the other hand, the COL1A1–PDGFB fusion gene was shown in three cases of DFSP containing pleomorphic sarcoma, which supports the theory of the common histogenesis.
[Infrared photocoagulation in the treatment of hemorrhoids].

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of infrared photocoagulation in the treatment of grades I and II of hemorrhoidal disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS 60 patients with hemorrhoidal disease grades I and II were included, each one with transanal bleeding as the only symptom, without any other ano-rectal pathology. They were 30 male and 30 female patients, with 39.9 years as median age. Each had 1 to 4 photocoagulation sessions, according to the results obtained in each one. TECHNIC Each application was 1.5 seconds duration, once every two weeks, in diamond or rainbow shape; 1 to 4 sessions were required. Follow up was 24 months. RESULTS Good results were obtained in 66.6% since the second application, and in 93.4% at the end of the study; 4 (6.6%) patients were failures and had to be operated on. CONCLUSION Treatment of hemorrhoidal disease grades I and II with infrared photocoagulation is an excellent alternative; it is painless, suitable as an outpatient procedure and its cost is low.
Reducing the Take-Home Pathway of Pesticide Exposure: Behavioral Outcomes From the Para Niños Saludables Study

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a community intervention in promoting adoption of behaviors to reduce the take-home pathway of pesticide exposure in farmworker households. Methods: Using two cross-sectional samples of farmworker households in 11 intervention and 12 comparison communities in Washington State, we examined whether differences over time in reported pesticide safety practices varied by community intervention status. Results: Pesticide safety practices increased in both intervention and comparison communities over time. Changes were significantly greater in intervention communities for removing work shoes before entering the home (P = 0.003) and marginally significantly greater for changing out of work clothes within 1 hour of arriving home (P = 0.05). Conclusions: The intervention was associated with modest effects in certain behaviors among farmworkers. Further research is needed to identify successful strategies for reducing the take-home pathway of pesticide exposure.
19. yüzyılda Osmanlı Devleti’nde Yaşanan Kuraklığın Ankara’ya Yansıması

19. yuzyilda Dunyanin farkli cografyalarinda oldugu gibi Osmanli Devleti’nin de bircok bolgesinde kuraklik ve onun dogal sonucu olan kitlik yasanmistir. Bu makalede Osmanli cografyasinda Ankara ozelinde 19. yuzyilda 1845, 1875, 1887, 1894 ve 1895 senelerinde yasanan kuraklik ve etkileri incelenmeye calisilmistir. Dogal afetlerden biri olarak kabul edilen kurakligin Ankara’daki etkisi konusunda yasanan zahire sikintisi, hububat eksikligi nedeniyle halkin yeterince beslenememesinden kaynaklanan olumler ve halkin yakin yerlere goc etmesi, ailesiz kalan cocuklarin durumu, kurakliktan dolayi kuruyan su kaynaklari nedeniyle merkezdeki su sikintisinin artmis olmasi, bolge halkinin hijyen kosullarini saglayamamasindan dolayi ortaya cikan hastaliklar gibi dikkat ceken hususlar ele alinmistir. Ankara ve yakin cevresinde yasanan olumsuzluklarin giderilmesi konusunda hukumetin ve yerel idarecilerin tutumu, zahire sikintisi ve fiyatlardaki artis olaylari uzerinde de durulmustur.
Multi-Objective Evolutionary Computation Based Feature Selection Applied to Behaviour Assessment of Children

Attribute or feature selection is one of the basic strategies to improve the performances of data classification tasks, and, at the same time, to reduce the complexity of classifiers, and it is a particularly fundamental one when the number of attributes is relatively high. Its application to unsupervised classification is restricted to a limited number of experiments in the literature. Evolutionary computation has already proven itself to be a very effective choice to consistently reduce the number of attributes towards a better classification rate and a simpler semantic interpretation of the inferred classifiers. We present a feature selection wrapper model composed by a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm, the clustering method Expectation-Maximization (EM), and the classifier C4.5 for the unsupervised classification of data extracted from a psychological test named BASC-II (Behavior Assessment System for Children II ed.) with two objectives: Maximizing the likelihood of the clustering model and maximizing the accuracy of the obtained classifier. We present a methodology to integrate feature selection for unsupervised classification, model evaluation, decision making (to choose the most satisfactory model according to a a posteriori process in a multi-objective context), and testing. We compare the performance of the classifier obtained by the multi-objective evolutionary algorithms ENORA and NSGA-II, and the best solution is then validated by the psychologists that collected the data. Keywords—Feature selection, multi-objective evolutionary computation, unsupervised classification, behavior assessment system for children.
Suppression of indomethacin-induced apoptosis in the small intestine due to Bach1 deficiency

Abstract BTB and CNC homologue 1 (Bach1) is a transcriptional repressor of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). This study hypothesized that Bach1 plays an important role in the indomethacin-induced apoptosis in the case of small-intestinal mucosal injury. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 (wild-type) and homozygous Bach1-deficient C57BL/6 mice were included in this study. Mucosal injuries induced by subcutaneously administering indomethacin were evaluated macroscopically, histologically and biochemically. Indomethacin-induced injuries were improved in Bach1-deficient mice. Immunohistochemistry showed an increase in the number of HO-1-positive cells, which were mainly F4/80 positive macrophages, in Bach1-deficient mice. Indomethacin administration increased the expression of HO-1 mRNA and protein in the small intestine in Bach1-deficient mice. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining showed that the extent of apoptosis was suppressed in Bach1-deficent mice. In conclusion, deficiency of the Bach1 gene inhibited apoptosis and thus suppressed mucosal injury, indicating that Bach1 is a novel therapeutic target for indomethacin-induced intestinal injury.
DETERMINATION BY NEUTRON ACTIVATION OF COPPER, MANGANESE, AND ZINC IN THE PINEAL BODY AND OTHER AREAS OF BRAIN TISSUE

Abstract— Neutron activation analysis was used for the simultaneous determination of copper, manganese and zinc in the brains of calves, cows and pigs. Measurements of these three elements in as many as 11 different regions of the brain showed that the highest content is always found in the pineal body. Typical values for calf brains are: Cu, ∼20 μg/g; Mn, ∼3 μg/g; and Zn, ∼90 μg/g dry pineal tissue. As a first approximation, the ratio of Cu:Mn:Zn is roughly constant for all regions.
Endovascular Biopsy: Evaluating the Feasibility of Harvesting Endothelial Cells Using Detachable Coils

The absence of safe and reliable methods to harvest vascular tissue in situ limits the discovery of the underlying genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms of many vascular disorders such as aneurysms. We investigated the feasibility and comparable efficacy of endothelial cell collection using a spectrum of endovascular coils. Nine detachable coils ranging in k coefficient (0.15–0.24), diameter (4.0 mm–16.0 mm), and length (8.0 cm–47.0 cm) were tested in pigs. All coils were deployed and retrieved within the iliac artery of pigs (three coils/pig). Collected coils were evaluated under light microscopy. The total and endothelial cells collected by each coil were quantified. The nucleated cells were identified by Wright-Giemsa and DAPI stains. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells were identified by CD31 and α-smooth muscle actin antibody staining. Coils were deployed and retrieved without technical difficulty. Light microscopy demonstrated sheets of cellular material concentrated within the coil winds. All coils collected cellular material while five of nine (55.6%) coils retrieved endothelial cells. Coils collected mean endothelial cell counts of 89.0±101.6. Regression analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between increasing coil diameter and endothelial cell counts (R2 = 0.52, p = 0.029). Conventional detachable coils can be used to harvest endothelial cells. The number of endothelial cells collected by a coil positively correlated with its diameter. Given the widespread use of coils and their well-described safety profile their potential as an endovascular biopsy device would expand the availability of tissue for cellular and molecular analysis.
Aspect angle dependence and multistatic data fusion for micro-Doppler classification of armed/unarmed personnel

This study discusses the analysis of multistatic micro-Doppler signatures and related features to distinguish and classify unarmed and potentially armed personnel. The application of radar systems to distinguish different motion types has been previously proposed and this work aims to further investigate the applicability of this in more scenarios. Real data have been collected using a multistatic radar system in a series of experiments involving several individuals performing different movements. Changes in classification accuracy as a function of different aspect angle between the direction in which the target faces and the line-of-sight of the radar nodes are analysed. Multiple data fusion methodologies are proposed, showing that significant improvement of the classification accuracy can be achieved when using separate classification at each node followed by a voting procedure to reach the final decision. This is beneficial especially at those aspect angles for which micro-Doppler detection is less favourable.