Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leading curriculum change: Reflections on how Abakhwezeli stoked the fire

Curriculum leadership is a complex and demanding practice, which goes beyond the research and disciplinary expertise of the curriculum leader. Engaging and leading educators in a process of curriculum change is not easy: it can be a difficult, and sometimes chaotic journey which is often characterised by philosophical debate, the calling into question of current practices, fear, and even openly acknowledged resistance. In order for change to succeed, leaders of curriculum change must facilitate a shared ownership of the change process. This will require the bringing together of individuals with different personal priorities and rallying them around a common goal, e.g. designing quality Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) programmes. Our curriculum renewal journey involved the use of problem-posing pedagogies and required us to employ transformative types of leadership strategies. In this paper, we reflect critically, on our roles, as members of the ‘ Abakhwezeli ’, in stoking the fires of curriculum change in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU) Faculty of Education. Furthermore, this paper will highlight particular defining moments during the curriculum renewal journey, where stakeholder consultation and the use of transformative methodologies assisted in prompting deep, critical reflection on the (re)designing of our B.Ed programmes. Keywords: critical approach; critical pedagogy; curriculum renewal; dialogical spaces; problem-posing strategies; transformational leadership; transformative methodologies
Investigating Creep Performance and Predicting RuptureTime for Rotating FGM Disc under Different ThermalGradients

A mathematical model is developed to describe the steady state creep in a rotating Al-SiCp disc having a non-linear thickness profile and distribution of SiC particles along the radial direction. The model is used to investigate the effect of imposing three different kinds of radial temperature profiles viz. linear, parabolic and exponential with fixed values of inner and outer surface temperatures, on the creep stresses and strain rates. It is noticed that by increasing the temperature exponent (nT ), the radial stress (over the entire radius) and tangential stress (near the inner radius) increase in the disc. However, the tangential stress decreases near the outer radius. The radial and tangential strain rates in the functionally graded (FG) disc reduce significantly with the increase in exponent nT . Besides reduction in the magnitude, the distribution of strain rates also become relatively more uniform throughout with the increase in nT . It is concluded that FG disc operating under exponential temperature profile performs better. It is also revealed that amongst several FG discs operating under radial thermal gradients, with different values of temperature exponent (nT ) but having the same average and fixed outer surface temperature, the FGM disc with lower value of nT exhibits the maximum creep life.
Study on Genetic Evaluation for Linear Type Traits in Holstein Cows

The objectives of this study were to i) investigate genetic performance for linear type traits of individual Holstein dairy cows, especially focusing on comparative traits, and to estimate genetic variances for these traits using actual data, and ii) compare genetic performance and improvement of progeny by birth country of the cows. Linear type traits defined with five comparative traits on this study were general stature composite (GSC), dairy capacity composite (DCC), body size composite (BSC), foot and leg composite (FLC), and udder composite (UDC). These traits were scored from 1 to 6 with 1 = poor, 2 = fair, 3 = good, 4 = good plus, 5 = very good and 6 = excellent. Final scores (FS) were also included in this study. Data used was collected from the years 2000 to 2004 by the Korea Animal Improvement Association (KAIA). Only data of more than five tested cows by herd appraisal date and by sires having more than ten daughters were included to increase the reliability of the data analyses. A total of 30,204 records of the selected traits, which was collected from 26,701 individuals having pedigree information were used. Herd appraisal date, year of age, lactation stage (grouped by month), and time lagged for milking (in hours) were assumed as fixed effects on the model. Animal additive genetic effects considering pedigree relationship and residual errors were assumed with random effects. Year of age at appraisal date was classified from one to nine years of age, assigning the value of nine years of age for animals that were greater than or equal to nine years of age. From our results, the estimate for heritability was 0.463, 0.346, 0.473, 0.290, and 0.430 on GSC, DCC, BSC, FLC and UDC, respectively. The estimate for FS heritability was 0.539. The greatest breeding values for GSC were estimated for Canada, with the breeding values for American lines increasing for 10 years starting in 1989 but tending to decrease after that until 2004. For DCC, the breeding values for American and Canadian lines showed similar patterns until 1999, after which the breeding values for the American lines declined sharply. For BSC, data from Korea, Canada and the USA followed similar trends overall except when the breeding values of the American lines decreased starting in 1999. Overall, the methods used to evaluate genetic performance in this study were acceptable and allowed for the discovery of differences by country of genetic origin, likely due in part to the American use of selection indexes based primarily on milk yield traits until methods for evaluating other traits began to emerge.
Cloud-top microphysics evolution in the Gamma phase space from amodeling perspective

Abstract. This research employs the recently introduced Gamma phase space to study the evolution of warm cloud microphysics, to evaluate different microphysics parameterizations and to propose an adjustment to bulk schemes for an improved description of cloud droplet size distributions (DSDs). A bin parameterization is employed to describe the main features of observed cloud-top DSD paths in the Gamma phase space. The modeled DSD evolution during the warm cloud life cycle is compared to the results obtained from HALO airplane measurements during the ACRIDICON-CHUVA campaign in the Amazon dry-to-wet season transition. The comparison shows an agreement between the observed and simulated trajectories in the Gamma phase space, providing a suitable qualitative representation of the DSD evolution. The degree of similarity between the trajectories is defined by the conditions of the environment, such as the aerosol number concentration, which modify the DSD evolution through modulation of its driving forces. The modeled DSD properties were also projected in the Nd − Deff space to obtain further insights into their life cycle. Two different bulk microphysics parameterizations were evaluated regarding the evolution of the DSD and using the bin scheme as a reference. The results show the weakness of bulk schemes in representing trajectories in the Gamma phase space; thus, a new closure is proposed for better comparisons to the reference. The new closure resulted in an improvement in the representation of the DSD evolution, cloud droplet effective diameter and rain mixing ratio.
Stability-indicating UV/Vis Spectrophotometric Method for Diazepam Development and Validation

A stability-indicating UV/Vis spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for estimation of diazepam in tablet dosage form. The proposed method utilized a Specord 250 plus PC double beam spectrophotometer using 1.0 cm quartz cells and all determinations were made at a wavelength of 231 nm in 1:1 methanol:distilled water. Experiments were designed for determining linearity, limit of detection and quantitation, accuracy, precision and specificity of this analytical method as per the International Organization for Standardization guidelines. The drug substance and the drug product were exposed to thermal, photolytic, hydrolytic, and oxidative stress conditions, and the stressed samples were analyzed using the proposed method to demonstrate the specificity of the method. The proposed method was found to be linear in the concentration ranges from 3.096-15.480 µg/ml with the linear correlation coefficient of R2= 0.999 and the mean recoveries were 98.36 to 100.72 %. Although the degradation products of stressed condition had not been identified, the method had been able to detect the changes due to stress condition. The stated method can be used as stability indicating method with high degree of linearity, accuracy and precision for assay of diazepam in routine pharmaceutical analysis of tablets.
The individual technical and tactical profile of a leading Polish judoka in the +100 kg weight category and his somatic composition in comparison to the world elite

Background The aim of the study was to determine the individual tactical and technical profile of a leading Polish judoka from the heaviest weight category and the characteristic of his body composition in comparison to the world’s elite in this category. Material/Methods 92 fights carried out by the Polish athlete during national and international tournaments constituted material for the analysis of his technical and tactical profile. 12 judo competitors (1 Polish athlete and 11 competitors from 10 other countries) of the heaviest weight category at the top level of sports championship were subject to anthropometric measurements including 19 features. To evaluate the somatic types, Sheldon’s method with Heath-Carter’s modification was applied. Results In his duels, the subject most efficiency performed throws from the ashi waza group, out of which he scored the most points and victories before the regular time using osoto gari. The throws from the te waza group proved to be the second most effective with the dominant throw being seoi nage executed from the knees. The subject’s body height (199.0 cm) was higher than the mean for the control group (188.9 ±8.3 cm), and his body weight (113.0 kg) was lower than the mean of the world’s leading athletes (119.4 ±18.2 kg). Mesomorphy dominated in the somatic type of the Polish athlete; however, in the control group its value was higher (6.0–8.3–1.5). Conclusions To raise the efficiency of fights, the subject should increase the muscle mass and use his natural physical predispositions on the basis of the prospective analysis of its impact on the tactical and technical profile.
Over-scripting CSCL: The risks of blending collaborative learning with instructional design

Free collaboration does not systematically produce learning. One way to enhance the effectiveness of collaborative learning is to structure interactions by engaging students in well-defined scripts. A collaboration script is a set of instructions prescribing how students should form groups, how they should interact and collaborate and how they should solve the problem. In computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL), the script is reified in the interface of the learning environment. This contribution dismantles the concept of script. Syntactically, a script is sequence of phases and each phase can be described by five attributes. The grammatical combination of these elements may however produce any kind of pedagogical method, even those that have nothing to do with the idea of collaborative learning. On the one hand, the definition of scripts constitutes a promising convergence between educational engineering and socio-cultural approaches but, on the other hand, it drifts away from the genuine notion of collaborative learning. Will the fun and the richness of group interactions survive to this quest for effectiveness? The answer depends on the semantics of collaborative scripts: what is the design rationale, what is the core mechanism in the script through which the script designer expects to foster productive interactions and learning?
Ice stream behaviour and deglaciation of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet in the Kuittijärvi area, Russian Karelia

Glacial landforms of the Lake Kuittijärvi area, Russian Karelia, which covers an area of more than 7000 km2, were studied in detail using aerial photography and satellite imagery methods and on-site field observations. This was done to reconstruct a detailed history of Scandinavian ice sheet behaviour in the Lake Kuittijärvi area. The results indicate that the Lake Tuoppajärvi sub-ice stream (TIS) that formed the northern part of the KuusamoWhite Sea ice stream and the Lake Kuittijärvi sub-ice stream (KIS), which was part of the Northern Karelian ice stream, operated in the area during the last deglaciation. Subglacially formed lineation patterns associated with other indicative landforms such as end moraines and esker ridges indicate a clear age relationship between the ice streams’ activity and that the KIS was active after the linear landforms were created by the TIS. It is estimated that deglaciation of the TIS from the Kalevala end moraine to the Lake Pääjärvi end moraine took place between ca. 11 300 – 10 900 calendar years ago. It seems that the terminus of the KIS marker by the Kalevala end moraine was also formed around 11 300 calendar years ago but the KIS remained active longer than the TIS. Both of these sub-ice streams terminated into a glacial lake that was part of a larger White Sea Basin ice lake.
REWARD MOTIVATION AS A MECHANISM LINKING PERSONALITY AND INTERMITTENT SMOKING

The negative public health impact of daily smoking has been well established over decades of empirical research. As such, traditional conceptualizations of nicotine addiction emphasize behaviors typically experienced by daily smokers such as withdrawal avoidance. Nondaily/intermittent smokers (ITS), a rising population with similar negative health consequences as daily smokers, have received comparatively little attention. Most notably, nondaily smokers exhibit comparable rates of cessation failure and number of quit attempts as daily smokers. Since nondaily smokers do not smoke on a regular basis, withdrawal avoidance is not likely to motivate smoking maintenance and cessation failure. Instead, nondaily smokers may be motivated by “peak seeking” or the acute rewarding effects of nicotine. Individual factors associated with sensitivity to rewarding stimuli can provide insight into potential mechanisms by which peak seeking motivates smoking behavior. The current study used a rewarded antisaccade task followed by a 7-day ecological momentary assessment period to evaluate the relationship between disinhibition traits, reward motivation, and momentary factors related to reward seeking and the subjective effects of nicotine. More specifically, the analysis tested the hypothesis that reward motivation mediates the relationship between disinhibition and momentary behavior. Results failed to support a mediational model; however, the results highlighted potentially important factors related to smoking behavior in ITS. Primary results suggest that ITS with greater disinhibition and reward motivation report higher momentary adventurousness after smoking a cigarette, but not during nonsmoking occasions. Therefore, within nondaily smokers, consideration of alternative factors that motivate smoking behavior may help better
Early- and middle-Holocene wood exploitation in the Fayum basin, Egypt

The early and middle Holocene of North Africa was a time of dramatic climatic and social change, including rapid shifts in vegetation communities and the introduction of domesticated plants and animals. Recent research from the Fayum basin of Egypt, which holds archaeological evidence for early use of domesticates, aims to place inhabitants of that region within their contemporary environmental setting. We present here results of wood charcoal analysis from three early- and middle-Holocene deposits on the north shore of the Fayum and reconstruct both contemporary woodland ecology and patterns of anthropogenic wood use. In total, three woodland communities likely existed in the area, but inhabitants of this region made heavy use of only the local lakeshore woodland, emphasizing tamarisk (Tamarix sp.) for fuel. While seasonally watered wadi woodlands were not harvested for fuel, more arid locations on the landscape were, evidencing regional mobility between ecological zones. Results indicate that wood was locally abundant and that inhabitants were able to select only preferred species for fuel. This study provides further evidence for low-level food production in the Fayum that preserved critical ecosystem services, rather than dramatic niche construction to promote agriculture as seen elsewhere in middle-Holocene Southwest Asia.
Interactive comment on “ Investigation of the effective peak supersaturation for liquid-phase clouds at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch , Switzerland ( 3580 m a . s . l . ) ”

The authors introduce a method for calculating effective peak cloud supersaturation and apply it to in-cloud measurements at the high-altitude Jungfraujoch research station in the Swiss Alps. The introduced method uses total and interstitial aerosol size distributions to determine aerosol activation diameter, CCN measurements to determine particle hygroscopicity, and kappa-Kohler theory to combine these measurements and derive effective peak supersaturation. The method is applied to a large amount of data from a series of intensive field campaigns at Jungfraujoch (CLACE 2002, 2004, 2007, 2010 and 2011). Due to the local topography there is two prevailing wind di-
The Effect of Teacher Charisma on Student Attitude Towards Calculus Learning

Teachers with an understanding of what and how their teaching influence students’ learning are better able to adapt their teaching in the class. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between teacher charisma and student attitude towards calculus. There are 1,150 Taiwanese undergraduates participated the research and two instruments, Attitude Toward Calculus Inventory (ATCI) and Inventory of Teaching Charisma in the College Classroom (ITCCC), were used to assess the participants’ attitudes toward calculus and the perception about their teacher charisma. After collection of data, analyses including descriptive statistics, t test, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were performed in SPSS. The study concludes that there are differences between the attitude levels of students by gender; male students report more positive attitudes than females on calculus. Moreover, students’ perceptions of the teacher’s charisma were found to contribute significantly to the predictor equation for students’ attitude towards calculus.
Preemptive and Reactive Focus-on-Form Instruction: Effect on learning parallel grammatical structures

The present study set out to investigate the differential effect of focus-on-form (FonF) instruction. Two research questions were raised: 1) Does FonF instruction,both preemptive and reactive, have a differential effect on learners' interlanguage? 2) Are short-term gains, if at all, maintained in the long-term? Fifty one (51) third-year LMD university English language learners are divided into two groups: a FonF group (N=27), and a Control group (N=24). Parallel structures were selected as the target form. A Grammaticality Judgment Test (GJT) was used to measure accuracy of the target form over the short- and the long-term; therefore, three similar but not identical tests were administered at three temporal times: a pre-test, an immediate post-test, and a delayed post-test. The results of the present study showed that FonF instruction had a differential effect in language learning in both the short- and the long-term. Recommendations for both research and pedagogy are discussed.
Personality-Environment Congruency of Land Settlement YouthEntrepreneurs in Malaysia

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of person-environment congruency on the relationship between organisational culture and organisational commitment. Data were obtained from entrepreneur youth who were member and in the leadership position of FELDA Youth Organisation in Malaysia (n=408). Person-environment congruency was found to be a significant mediator of the relationship between organisational culture and organisational commitment. This has wide-ranging implications for organisational development consultants who intend to shape the culture of various organisations, on the assumption that certain organisational cultures directly lead to certain desirable employee outcomes. Leaders need to pay attention to not only their organisational culture such as training, rewards, teamwork and communication, but to also ensure that they are aimed towards improving the fit between individuals and their work environment. Whereas previous research tends to look at P-E congruency as a predictor of employee outcomes, this is one study to provide evidence of P-E fit as a mediator of the relationship between organisational culture and organisational commitment.
A study on effect of big five personality traits on emotional intelligence

Article history: Received December 28, 2013 Received in revised format April 15 2014 Accepted April 18 2014 Available online April 23 2014 This paper presents a study to investigate the effects of big five personal traits on emotional intelligence on some Iranian firms located in city of Tehran, Iran. The proposed study uses two questionnaires, one, which is originally developed by McCare and Costa (1992) [McCrae, R. R. , & Costa, P. T. , Jr. (1992). Discriminant validity of NEO-PI-R facet scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 52, 229-237. ] for measuring personality traits and the other, which is used for measuring emotional intelligence . The first questionnaire consists of five personal categories including extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability versus neuroticism, and openness. Using structural equation modeling and stepwise regression model, the study has detected a positive and meaningful relationship between four components namely, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness as well as openness and emotional intelligence. In addition, the study detects a negative and meaningful relationship between neuroticism and emotional intelligence. © 2014 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
The distribution of mean and fluctuating magnetic fields in the multiphase interstellar medium

We explore the effects of the multi-phase structure of the interstellar medium (ISM) on galactic magnetic fields. Basing our analysis on compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of supernova-driven turbulence in the ISM, we investigate the properties of both the mean and fluctuating components of the magnetic field. We find that the mean magnetic field preferentially resides in the warm phase and is generally absent from the hot phase. The fluctuating magnetic field does not show such pronounced sensitivity to the multi-phase structure.
Are Modal Auxiliaries in Malaysian English Language Textbooks in Line with Their Usage in Real Language

Based on the discrepancies found in many Malaysian English language textbooks, a detailed analysis on the way modal auxiliary verb forms and their semantic functions were introduced and presented in texts and exercises in five Malaysian textbooks was done. For that to be achieved, a qualitative page-by-page content analysis was applied. From the discussion of the grammatical progression in the textbooks, we can see that the presentation of modal auxiliaries in Malaysian English language textbooks is not fully in accordance with their use in natural English. Besides that, although recycling modal auxiliaries throughout different levels in order for the students to fully grasp their various meanings is advised by many linguists, we could see that Malaysian textbook authors used only a few of the same modals to express repetitive semantic functions. Accordingly, changes are recommended in order to bring the English taught in textbooks into accordance with real-life language use.