Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulated addition of new myocardial and epicardial cells fosters homeostatic cardiac growth and maintenance in adult zebrafish

The heart maintains structural and functional integrity during years of continual contraction, but the extent to which new cell creation participates in cardiac homeostasis is unclear. Here, we assessed cellular and molecular mechanisms of cardiac homeostasis in zebrafish, which display indeterminate growth and possess an unusual capacity to regenerate after acute cardiac injury. Lowering fish density in the aquarium triggered rapid animal growth and robust cardiomyocyte proliferation throughout the adult ventricle, greater than that observed during slow animal growth or size maintenance. Rapid animal growth also induced strong expression of the embryonic epicardial markers raldh2 (aldh1a2) and tbx18 in adult epicardial tissue. Pulse-chase dye labeling experiments revealed that the epicardium recurrently contributes cells to the ventricular wall, indicating an active homeostatic process. Inhibition of signaling by Fibroblast growth factors (Fgfs) decreased this epicardial supplementation of the ventricular wall in growing zebrafish, and led to spontaneous ventricular scarring in animals maintaining cardiac size. Our results demonstrate that the adult zebrafish ventricle grows and is maintained by cardiomyocyte hyperplasia, and that epicardial cells are added to the ventricle in an Fgf-dependent fashion to support homeostasis.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE RETURN STOCK COMPANY IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE (IDX) LQ45 IN YEARS 2012-2015

This research aimed to determine the effect of partially and jointly independent variable of Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return on Equity (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) against the dependent variable on the stock return. Objects of this research were companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) LQ45 continuously for four years in the period 2012-2015. Companies that qualify for this research were 28 companies. Based on this research, the conclusions indicate that all four independent variables; Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return on Equity (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Net Profit Margin (NPM), either jointly or partially give the significant effect on return stock.
Nasopharyngeal colonization during the first year of life.

The human nasopharynx is a major ecological niche for bacterial species such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis. The bacteria are maintained as commensals, apparently without causing damage to the carrier [1-3]. When the same bacteria reach the normally sterile sites adjacent to the nasopharynx, they cause such infections as otitis, conjunctivitis, pneumonia, sinusitis, and meningitis [4-7]. The nasopharyngeal flora has therefore mainly been analyzed as a reservoir for pathogens. This is apparent in patients with acute otitis media: S. pneumoniae of the same capsular type may be isolated from the nasopharynx and the middle ear at the onset of infection [4, 8-11]. The nasopharyngeal flora is also a major source of bacteria that spread between individuals [12-17]. In studies of outbreaks of meningitis due to encapsulated H. influenzae (Hib) in day care centers [ 1317], nasopharyngeal carriage of Hib was higher in groups with invasive Hib disease than among other children. The human nasopharyngeal flora is established gradually during the first year of life. The determinants of this process are poorly understood. It is known that infants acquire their gramnegative intestinal flora during the first few days of life, from either the mother or the environment depending on nursing care and microbial exposure [18-20]. Early studies of the respiratory tract flora of newborns showed that pneumococci were acquired on the first day of life and that 30 of 52 infants were colonized in the first 2 weeks [21]. Mothers carried the same pneumococcal strain as their infants. Fifty years later Gray et al. [2] found that the first pneumococcal strain was acquired at ~6 months of age. In Papua New Guinea, most children were colonized with H. influenzae and S. pneumoniaeby 1 month of age [22, 23]. A pilot study in Swedish children suggested both a slower rate of acquisition and a lower carriage rate [24]. The aim of this study was to analyze the acquisition of nasopharyngeal flora in an unselected sample of Swedish children prospectively followed during the first year of life.
Comparative Study of the Professional Attitudes of Prospective Teachers Recruited in Regular and Distance Education Programmes

Lack of professional attitude in teachers is the burning issue nowadays. The study was done in order to judge whether this difference results due to changed methodology of teaching in distance and regular programmes. The prime focus was on doing a comparative analysis of the professional attitude among the students enrolled in regular and distance) programmes (B.Ed and M.Ed level) in IER, Gomal University and reasons for the differences. Research findings revealed that students enrolled in regular programmes show high levels of professionalism as compared to distance education students. Similarly B.Ed students enrolled in regular programmes showed the highest levels of professional attitude. Keywords : Professional attitude, Distance Education, Regular Education, Prospective Teachers
Use of vaginal pH in diagnosis of infections and its association with reproductive manifestations

Increase in vaginal secretion pH is an indicator of bacterial vaginosis (BV), but is yet to be in use as a diagnostic tool by clinicians. Similarly, no reports are available on the effect of cervical chlamydia infection and different reproductive manifestations on vaginal secretion pH. This study evaluated the use of vaginal pH for screening of BV, the effect of Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) infection, and different reproductive manifestations on vaginal pH of women attending the gynecology outpatient department of a general hospital. Vaginal pH was recorded while diagnosing infections in 358 women, among which 45 were with repeated spontaneous abortion, 79 with infertility, 185 had sign and symptoms of lower genital tract infection, and 49 had no history or symptom of any complications or infections. Normal vaginal pH, BV, and C. trachomatis infection were observed in 72.6, 21.5, and 10.1% of women, respectively. BV and C. trachomatis were observed in 78.6 and 4.1% of women, respectively, with high vaginal pH; 12.3% of women with normal vaginal pH had C. trachomatis infection. C. trachomatis infection or different reproductive manifestations do not lead to change in vaginal pH but high vaginal pH correlated with BV and should be used as a simple tool for its diagnosis. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 22:375–379, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adjuvant Trastuzumab in HER2-Positive Early Breast Cancer by Age and Hormone Receptor Status: A Cost-Utility Analysis

Background The anti–human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody trastuzumab improves outcomes in patients with node-positive HER2+ early breast cancer. Given trastuzumab’s high cost, we aimed to estimate its cost-effectiveness by heterogeneity in age and estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status, which has previously been unexplored, to assist prioritisation. Methods and Findings A cost-utility analysis was performed using a Markov macro-simulation model, with a lifetime horizon, comparing a 12-mo regimen of trastuzumab with chemotherapy alone using the latest (2014) effectiveness measures from landmark randomised trials. A New Zealand (NZ) health system perspective was adopted, employing high-quality national administrative data. Incremental quality-adjusted life-years for trastuzumab versus chemotherapy alone are two times higher (2.33 times for the age group 50–54 y; 95% CI 2.29–2.37) for the worst prognosis (ER−/PR−) subtype compared to the best prognosis (ER+/PR+) subtype, causing incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) for the former to be less than half those of the latter for the age groups from 25–29 to 90–94 y (0.44 times for the age group 50–54 y; 95% CI 0.43–0.45). If we were to strictly apply an arbitrary cost-effectiveness threshold equal to the NZ gross domestic product per capita (2011 purchasing power parity [PPP]–adjusted: US$30,300; €23,700; £21,200), our study suggests that trastuzumab (2011 PPP-adjusted US$45,400/€35,900/£21,900 for 1 y at formulary prices) may not be cost-effective for ER+ (which are 61% of all) node-positive HER2+ early breast cancer patients but cost-effective for ER−/PR− subtypes (37% of all cases) to age 69 y. Market entry of trastuzumab biosimilars will likely reduce the ICER to below this threshold for premenopausal ER+/PR− cancer but not for ER+/PR+ cancer. Sensitivity analysis using the best-case effectiveness measure for ER+ cancer had the same result. A key limitation was a lack of treatment-effect data by hormone receptor subtype. Heterogeneity was restricted to age and hormone receptor status; tumour size/grade heterogeneity could be explored in future work. Conclusions This study highlights how cost-effectiveness can vary greatly by heterogeneity in age and hormone receptor subtype. Resource allocation and licensing of subsidised therapies such as trastuzumab should consider demographic and clinical heterogeneity; there is currently a profound disconnect between how funding decisions are made (largely agnostic to heterogeneity) and the principles of personalised medicine.
The Effects of Different

This article uses administrative data on nonelderly, nondisabled households that received U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development rental assistance between 1995 and 2002 combined with data from other sources to estimate the effect of low-income housing programs on these households'labor earnings and employment. Using longitudinal data to explain the change in these measures of market labor supply makes it possible to account for immutable, unobservable household characteristics that are determinants of market labor supply and correlated with program participa tion. Employing a large random sample of households throughout the country makes it possible to produce estimates of the national average effect of each type of housing assistance. Using administrative data makes it possible to identify accurately the type of housing assistance received. The results indicate that each broad type of housing assistance has substantial negative effects on labor earnings that are somewhat smaller for tenant-based housing vouchers than for either type of project-based assistance. They also suggest that participation in the little-used Family Self-Sufficiency program, an initiative within the public housing and housing voucher programs to promote self-sufficiency, significantly increases labor earnings.
Prevalence and quality of warfarin use for patients with atrial fibrillation in the long-term care setting.

BACKGROUND Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines recommend the use of warfarin sodium for stroke prevention in most patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who do not have risk factors for hemorrhagic complications, irrespective of age. METHODS The medical records of all residents of a convenience sample of long-term care facilities in Connecticut (n = 21) were reviewed. The percentages of all patients with AF (AF patients) and ideal candidates for warfarin therapy (ie, AF patients with no risk factors for hemorrhage) who received warfarin were determined; for patients receiving warfarin, the percentage of days spent in the therapeutic range of international normalized ratio (INR) values (2.0-3.0) was also assessed. The relationship between receipt of warfarin and the presence of stroke and bleeding risk factors was assessed in multivariate models. RESULTS Atrial fibrillation was present in 429 (17%) of the 2587 long-term care residents. Overall, 42% of AF patients were receiving warfarin. However, only 44 (53%) of 83 ideal candidates were receiving this therapy. In residents who received warfarin therapy, the therapeutic range of INR values was maintained only 51% of the time. The odds of receiving warfarin in the study sample decreased with increasing number of risk factors for bleeding and increased (nonsignificant trend) with increasing number of stroke risk factors present. CONCLUSIONS Atrial fibrillation is very common among residents of long-term care facilities. Even among apparently ideal candidates, warfarin therapy is underused for stroke prevention in patients with AF. Prescribing decisions and monitoring related to warfarin therapy in the long-term care setting warrant improvement.
Quality assurance for drug prescribing.

This article reports the results of a critical analysis of English-language studies describing programs designed to improve physician prescribing behavior in primary care settings. Only 64% of studies met minimum research design standards, and are the basis for the results reported. The overall findings of the review confirm the conclusions of a previous evaluation of hospital-based studies. (1) The simple dissemination of printed educational materials had no detectable effect on prescribing practice when used alone in well-controlled studies. However, such educational materials do lay a necessary foundation for more personalized educational efforts. (2) Merely distributing computerized listings of patient-specific medication profiles, without specific recommendations for change, is ineffective in reducing overall drug costs or use of inappropriate drugs. Their lack of effect may be due to the large quantity and clinical irrelevance of such data. (3) Continuous computerized reminder systems have been shown to prevent omission of essential care, although such systems are effective only as long as reminders continue. This strategy has not been evaluated for its potential to reduce excessive or inappropriate drug prescribing. (4) Repeated feedback to physicians with specific suggestions for alternative agents has been shown to increase use of generic drugs in academic group practice settings. No adequate studies have tested whether this approach might reduce other types of misprescribing. Also in academic primary care settings, small group tutorials have been shown to improve use of antibiotics and hypertension treatment control. (5) A substantial literature in the U.S. and Canada supports the conclusion that brief, face-to-face educational outreach visits, conducted by either specially trained clinical pharmacists or physician "counsellors" and "opinion leaders", are effective in reducing prescribing of inefficient or contraindicated drugs in pediatric and adult primary care settings. These face-to-face approaches emphasize a tactful, supportive and facilitative role; in some cases, emphasis is put on helping physicians overcome barriers to appropriate prescribing (e.g. patient demand or addiction to minor tranquilizers). Most effective programs also utilize professionally credible sponsors and high-quality educational materials. In addition to improving quality, some programs have been found to produce savings in drug use which exceed the operational costs of the program.
Impact of Entrepreneurial Behaviour on Farming Performance of Cottn Growers

The study was conducted in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh during the year 2014-15 to analyze the impact of entrepreneurial behaviour on farming performance of the cotton growers. A sample of 120 respondents was selected for present study. Majority of the cotton growers possessed medium level of entrepreneurial behaviour and farming performance followed by low and high level of entrepreneurial behaviour and farming performance. It is observed that, the entrepreneurial behaviour has a positive impact on the farming performance of cotton growers. A high entrepreneurial behaviour score was associated with the high farming performance score and vice versa. The results of the ANOVA test clearly indicated that the calculated ‘P’ value (0.00000000660) was less than the ‘P’ table value (0.05) among the mean groups of entrepreneurial behaviour and hence it was inferred that there was a significant impact of entrepreneurial behaviour on farming performance of cotton growers.
Pathologic Classification and Clinical Behavior of the Spectrum of Goblet Cell Carcinoid Tumors of the Appendix

Appendiceal tumors exhibiting both neuroendocrine and glandular differentiation are uncommon and have caused difficulty in pathologic classification, prediction of prognosis, and clinical management. Previously, such lesions have been variously designated as adenocarcinoid, goblet cell carcinoid (GCC), and mixed adenocarcinoma carcinoid. In this study, we undertook a retrospective investigation of 63 such cases and classified them as typical GCC (group A) and adenocarcinoma ex GCC on the basis of the histologic features of the tumor at the primary site. The adenocarcinoma ex GCC group was further divided into signet ring cell type (group B) and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma type (group C). The clinical characteristics and prognosis were compared within these groups and with conventional de novo appendiceal adenocarcinomas. Both groups A and B tumors shared a similar immunoprofile, which included generally focal immunoreactivity for neuroendocrine markers, and a normal intestinal type mucin glycoprotein profile (negative MUC1 expression and preserved MUC2 immunoreactivity). The proliferative index was relatively low in these tumors and slightly increased from groups A to B tumors (11% to 16%). Both β-catenin and E-cadherin exhibited a normal membranous staining pattern in groups A and B tumors. The poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas ex GCC (group C) demonstrated abnormal p53 and β-catenin immunoreactivity. The mean follow-up time was 49±5 (SE) months. The overall disease-specific survival for all subtypes was 77%, with 46% of patients without evidence of disease and 31% alive with disease. The mean survival was 43±7 months. All the patients with clinical stage of I or IIA disease had a favorable outcome after appropriate surgery with or without chemotherapy. Although most patients (63%) with GCC presented at an advanced clinical stage, their clinical outcome could be differentiated by subclassification of tumors. The stage IV-matched 5-year survival was 100%, 38%, and 0% for groups A, B, and C, respectively. In conclusion, GCC is a distinctive appendiceal neoplasm that exhibits unique pathologic features and clinical behavior. They display a spectrum of histologic features and possess the potential to transform to an adenocarcinoma phenotype of either signet ring cell or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma types. Careful evaluation of the morphologic features of GCCs and appropriate pathologic classification are crucial for clinical management and prediction of outcome. Surgical management with right hemicolectomy is recommended after appendectomy for most cases, particularly those with an adenocarcinoma component (groups B and C).
Fostering a Climate for Innovation, Creativity and Self-efficacy through Transformational Leadership in the Egyptian Hospitality Industry

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the linkage between transformational leadership and the organizational climate for innovation, creativity and creative self-efficacy. Design/Methodology/Approach: Direct guest-contact employees and their immediate supervisors from thirtyeight 5-star hotels in Egypt was targeted. A total of (500) employees and (150) supervisors provided the collected data. A series of statistical analyses were adapted to: (1) Identify the elements of transformational leadership style using a multi-factor leadership questionnaire (MLQ-5X); (2) Examine the consequence of transformational leadership style in fostering a climate for innovation, creativity and creative self-efficacy. Findings: The study revealed that transformational leaders foster an organizational climate for innovation and creativity. Practical implications: The results pointed to mechanisms by which organizations may positively shape such employees' creative self-efficacy views. Leaders are likely to foster favorable conditions for the creative self-efficacy such as: verbally persuade employees that could be creative and personally demonstrate and instruct their employees on creativity-relevant skills. This could be achieved by provision of hands-on opportunities to apply these skills. Hospitality leaders need to organize effective training initiatives to develop their subordinates' creative selfefficacy and provide employees with the relevant details of the tasks assigned to them. A larger and more diverse sample is recommended for future research. Originality/value: This study will add to the existing literature and managerial practices in several ways. The main contribution of the present research is investigating the applicability of the transformational leadership within the Egyptian hotels. Also, this research introduces a positive expectation of the transformational leadership on the innovation and creative climate in Egyptian hotels. Third, this research present transformational leadership style as a mechanism to promote innovation and creativity climate among employees.
Management of patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although various drugs are available for the treatment of CHB, emergence of the hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative mutant variant, specifically in Asia, the Middle East and southern Europe, is creating a new challenge as this variant is less responsive to available treatments. HBeAg-negative CHB rapidly progresses to cirrhosis and its related complications. This review discusses the available literature on the approved and under-trial treatment options and their respective efficacies for HBeAg-negative CHB.
Cross-national prevalence and correlates of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

BACKGROUND Little is known about the epidemiology of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). AIMS To estimate the prevalence and correlates of DSM-IV adult ADHD in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative. METHOD An ADHD screen was administered to respondents aged 18-44 years in ten countries in the Americas, Europe and the Middle East (n=11422). Masked clinical reappraisal interviews were administered to 154 US respondents to calibrate the screen. Multiple imputation was used to estimate prevalence and correlates based on the assumption of cross-national calibration comparability. RESULTS Estimates of ADHD prevalence averaged 3.4% (range 1.2-7.3%), with lower prevalence in lower-income countries (1.9%) compared with higher-income countries (4.2%). Adult ADHD often co-occurs with other DSM-IV disorders and is associated with considerable role disability. Few cases are treated for ADHD, but in many cases treatment is given for comorbid disorders. CONCLUSIONS Adult ADHD should be considered more seriously in future epidemiological and clinical studies than is currently the case.
PARASITES AND ASSOCIATED PATHOLOGY OBSERVED IN PINNIPEDS STRANDED ALONG THE OREGON COAST1 2

Forty-two seals and sea lions found dead along the Oregon Coast were examined for parasites and associated pathology. Nematode infections of the lung and/or gastrointestinal tract were the primary cause of death in 5 of 42 animals examined. New distribution records were established for Pricetrema zalophi and Zalophotrema hepaticum. New host records include Z. hepaticum and Diphyllobothrium cordatum in the Steller's sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus); Nanophyetus salmincola in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus); P. zalophi in the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina); and P. zalophi, Trigonocotyle sp. and Otostrongylus circumlitus in the northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris).