Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Carnivory is Positively Correlated with Latitude among Omnivorous Mammals: Evidence from Brown Bears, Badgers and Pine Martens

Omnivores exploit numerous sources of protein and other nutrients throughout the year, and meat is generally considered a high-quality resource. However, it is unknown if there is any general association between latitude and carnivorous behavior in omnivorous mammals. We examined the relative importance of meat and other dietary components, including anthropogenic food items, in the diet of brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Estonia using conventional scat- and stomach-content analyses as well as stable-isotope (&dgr;15N, &dgr;13C) analyses. When food habits of brown bears in Estonia were compared with those of other populations in central and northern Europe, the proportion of animal prey in the diet was positively correlated with latitude. Further comparison with the data on the diet of two other omnivorous mammals, the European badger (Meles meles) and the European pine marten (Martes martes), provides evidence that increased carnivory towards northern latitudes may be a general adaptation in omnivorous mammals.
Role of Cognitive Style of a Manager in the Development of Tourism Companies’ Dynamic Capabilities

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between cognitive styles of managers working in tourism companies and dynamic capabilities of these companies. Design – The research relies on a quantitative questionnaire. Methodology – To answer the research question, the bivariate (Pearson) correlation was applied. A number of 268 answers from people working in tourism were received. Findings – We found a positive correlation between different dimensions of dynamic capabilities of tourism companies. These capabilities are influenced by managers’ cognitive characteristics. The organizational culture plays a mediating role in the latter relationship. Implications for theory – The paper offers an alternative understanding of dynamic capabilities in tourism and hospitality; the paper also opens new paths for academic research on the impact of cognitive characteristics of managers on the dynamic capabilities of tourism companies. Implications for practitioners – Making accurate psychological portrait of the candidate can predict his/her behavior in certain situation, such as response towards environmental change using dynamic capabilities and when making the necessary changes to the organizational culture. Originality – This study proposes model of influence of a manager’s cognitive style on dynamic capabilities, whereby organizational culture moderates this relationship.
Existence and uniqueness of solutions for coagulation-fragmentation problems with singularity

In this paper, existence and uniqueness of solutions to a non-linear, initial value problem is studied. In particular, we consider a special type of problem which physically represents the time evolution of particle number density resulted due to the coagulation and fragmentation process. The coagulation kernel is chosen from a huge class of functions, both singular and non-singular in nature. On the other hand, fragmentation kernel includes practically relevant non-singular unbounded functions. Moreover, both the kernels satisfy a linear growth rate of particles at infinity. The existence theorem includes lesser restrictions over the kernels as compared to the previous studies. Furthermore, strong convergence results on the sequence of functions are used to establish the existence theory.
The freshwater crabs of Ethiopia, northeastern Africa, with the description of a new Potamonautes cave species (Brachyura: Potamonautidae)

A recent collection of freshwater potamonautid crabs from a newly-explored cave in Ethiopia included a new species of Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838, which is described. The new species is associated with caves but is not troglobitic because it has no special morphological adaptations for life in caves typical of other species of cave-dwelling freshwater crabs. The taxonomic status and biogeographic affinities of other Ethiopian freshwater crab species are discussed. Potamonautes antheus (Colosi, 1920) and P. ignestii (Parisi, 1923) are recognized as valid species, and a key to the species of the country is included. The addition of P. kundudo sp. nov. and the recognition of two previously suppressed taxa raises to six the number of freshwater crab taxa known to occur in Ethiopia.
Does the Machined Surface Really Preserve Dental Implants from the Plaque Accumulation

In the last decades the Implantology has known a continuous growth because of the high predictability, survival and success rate of the implant therapy rehabilitations. Reported implant survival rate after 5 and 10 years of follow-up is respectively 95.7% and 92.8% [1]. Despite these high survival rates, a small part of implants can fail. The main problems of Osseo integrated implants are the peri-implant diseases.
THE PERCEIVED RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PACKAGE AND PROFITABILITY OF LISTED COMPANIES IN NIGERIA

The impact of executive compensation on firms' profitability was empirically examined in this study for the listed companies in Nigeria using a period of ten years ranging from 2004 to 2013. Specifically, the study investigated the impact of directors' cash incentives, non-cash incentives and bonus issue of share on earnings per share of the selected companies. The study relied on the secondary data extracted from the audited financial statement of a sample of 70 companies purposefully selected from the 198 listed companies in Nigeria. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out. The results revealed that a significant positive relationship exists between the directors' cash incentives, bonus issue of share and earnings per share. The relationship between non cash incentive and earnings per share was insignificant. It can therefore be recommended to the management that weight should be assigned to the variables in that order. The policy makers also need to provide adequate regulation on the determination of remuneration of the directors of listed companies in Nigeria.
Wh-exclamatives, factivity, and topicalization revisited

Portner and Zanuttini (2000) and Zanuttini and Portner (2000, 2003) suggest that wh-exclamatives have two syntactic components, a whoperator-variable configuration and a factive operator. This paper shows that Negative Exclamatives (NEs) allows topicalization, but Root Exlamatives (REs) and Embedded Exclamatives (EEs) do not. Our claim is twofold. First, all wh-exclamatives involve multiple CP projections. Second, the impossibility of topicalization in REs and EEs is due to a locality restriction imposed on a wh-operator and a factive operator; on the other hand, the same locality restriction is irrelevant to NEs, and hence topicalization is possible. Examining some important insights of previous studies on wh-exclamatives, we also show that the proposed analysis is compatible with them.
Comments on Integrating regional protocols for post-event assessments with local GPS and UAV-based quick response surveys : a pilot case from the Emilia-Romagna ( Italy ) coast

Coastal local communities and assets are exposed to flooding and erosion hazards due to impacting extreme storm events that are likely to increase in intensity in the mediumand long-term. Coastal managers are requested to provide risk management plans supported by actions taken at the different phases of the disaster cycle aiming at better understanding and 10 coping with risk. Effective and rapid post-event beach surveys are therefore necessary to collect physical data in the immediate aftermath of an event. Additionally, the inclusion of local stakeholders in the assessment process is essential to properly understand the social dimension of the problem. In this study, a local protocol for post-event assessment, the Quick Response Protocol, was tested on a pilot site on the Emilia-Romagna (Italy) coast in the aftermath of an extreme event occurred in February 2015. Physical data were collected using both Real-Time Kinematic Geographical Positions Systems and Unmanned 15 Aerial Vehicle platforms. Local stakeholders were interviewed collecting qualitative information on the situation before, during and after the event. Results were analysed and compared with the outcomes of regional reports on the impacts of the event showing a higher level of detail and reliability. The local approach, although improvable from different technical aspects, can be easily integrated in the regional ones improving the resolution and completeness of the regional-scale assessments. 20
Comparison of Oral Health Status and Behavior between First and Fifth Years of Al-Mustansiriyah Dental Students

Background:Periodontal diseases and dental caries are the most common oral diseases, but they can be adequately prevented by adopting a specific health behavior and plaque control.The study was carried out to determine and compare oral health status; it included both caries experience, gingival health and oral hygiene behavior betweenfirst and fifth yearsof Al-Mustansiriyahdental students. Materials and methods: Total sample of the study consisted of 50 students at first year (25 males, 25 females)and 60 students at fifth year (30 males, 30 females). Plaque andgingival indices,dental caries indices (DMFS and DMFT) wererecorded to evaluateoral health status for each student. Further questionnaires were given to evaluate different oral hygiene habits. Results: The mean values of plaque and gingival indicesin the first year were higher than fifth year for males and females with highly significant difference at (P ≤0.01);whereas the mean values of plaque index were (1.17, 0.83 for males of first and fifth years respectively and 1.02, 0.47 for femaleof first and fifth years respectively)and the mean values of gingival index were(0.89, 0.51 for males of first and fifth years respectively and 0.78, 0.31 for femalesof first and fifth years respectively). As well as, the mean of (DMFS and DMFT) were showed higher values among females than maleswhere (8.88, 6.48 for males and 10.16, 7.08 for females)in first year, while(11.90, 8.73for males and 13.33, 9.16 for females) infifth year. The percentagesof tooth brushing, mouthwash, dental floss, and tooth picks usingfor fifthyear students were higher than first year students. Conclusion: Differences of oral health statusand behavior rates between first and finalyearsstudents can be attributed to low level of dental education infirst year studentswhoseneed the improvements of oral hygiene education in futurewhich include the importance of proper tooth brushing and using of interdental aids to prevent the periodontal diseases and dental caries.
Does Mentor-Protégé Agreement on Mentor Leadership Behavior Influence the Quality of a Mentoring Relationship?

This study examined whether mentor-protégé agreement regarding mentor transformational leadership behavior would influence the quality of mentoring relationships. Mentors in 199 mentor-protégé dyads were classified as overestimators, underestimators, or in agreement based on the difference between mentor’s self-rating and protégé’s rating of mentor’s transformational leadership behaviors. Results of multivariate analysis of variance indicated that underestimator dyads experience the highest quality of mentoring relationships in terms of psychosocial support received, career development, and perceived mentoring effectiveness. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Isotopic evidence of the transfer of nitrogen fixed by legumes to coffee trees

The use of isotopic methods has made it possible to quantify the contribution of nitrogen fixed by a coffee plantation. Thanks to the use of the natural 15N abundance assessment technique, we were able to show that, in field condition, roughly 30/ of the nitrogen effectively fixed by a legume (including biomass, roots and root exudates) were transferred to the associated coffee trees. The quantities of N transferred by legume prunings to sole coffee trees were measured to evaluate the amount of N transferred to coffee via litter fall or soil.
Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy of the electronic local density of states of graphite surfaces near monoatomic step edges

We measured the electronic local density of states (LDOS) of graphite surfaces near monoatomic step edges, which consist of either the zigzag or armchair edge, with the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) techniques. The STM data reveal that the $(\sqrt{3}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\sqrt{3})R30\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ and honeycomb superstructures coexist over a length scale of $3--4\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ from both the edges. By comparing with density-functional derived nonorthogonal tight-binding calculations, we show that the coexistence is due to a slight admixing of the two types of edges at the graphite surfaces. In the STS measurements, a clear peak in the LDOS at negative bias voltages from $\ensuremath{-}100$ to $\ensuremath{-}20\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mV}$ was observed near the zigzag edges, while such a peak was not observed near the armchair edges. We concluded that this peak corresponds to the graphite ``edge state'' theoretically predicted by Fujita et al. [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 65, 1920 (1996)] with a tight-binding model for graphene ribbons. The existence of the edge state only at the zigzag type edge was also confirmed by our first-principles calculations with different edge terminations.
Assessment of Self Medication Practices Among Community People

In India, self-medication is an obvious choice with the risk of adverse drug reactions, drug resistance, disease hidden progress, and with raising morbidity or mortality as health care is relatively expensive and availability of prescription drugs as an OTC medication. We aimed to assess the practice of self medication, educate and curtail self-medication. A community-based survey was conducted among the age group of 16 – 60 year people who visits community pharmacies and students in Rajiv Gandhi institute of medical sciences, by using a well structured questionnaire the data was collected and analyzed to determine the practice. A total of 42.10% had taken self-medication for body pains and fever, 36.40% for headache, 27.19% for Cold, 21.05% for Cough. Oral tablet was frequently used (90.35%) dosage form. In class of medications, 77.63% were NSAIDs. We observed that 23.24% of the patients were come to the pharmacies to refill their old prescriptions without physician authentication for their own and neighbors. Almost 35 % were practiced selfmedication for 1-5 years. We conclude that a stringent regulatory authority monitoring is essential to minimize and prevent the practice and hazards of self-medication. And also periodical awareness campaigns in community will reduce this practice.
Work‐based learning at higher education level: value, practice and critique

Since the 1980s there has been significant growth in the engagement of higher education with workforce development, with among other things the emergence of a distinct if varied area of provision commonly referred to as work‐based learning. Recent examination of practice and literature indicates a growing sophistication in the way that work‐based learning is being theorised and facilitated in higher education, with its gradual emergence as a distinct field of practice and study supported by relevant pedagogies and concepts of curriculum. Tensions continue to exist between the demands and opportunities provided by the workplace and the need to develop capable practice, support personal development and maintain academic validity; however, universities are beginning to engage with these issues at a deeper level than that suggested by simple notions of employer engagement and skills development, and the evidence indicates that well‐designed work‐based programmes are both effective and robust.
PARK VISITORS' PERCEIVED RISK AND INFORMATION SEARCH BEHAVIOR

This paper explores the effect of perceived risk on information search behaviors. A study conducted on park visitors’ information search characteristicsrevealed that tourists’ level of perceived risk significantly and positively influenced their perceived benefits of the information. When they deem that the risk of a purchase is relatively high, they seemed to be more engaged in the information, and hence feel more positively about the information. Counter-intuitively, this study revealed that the more risky the tourists consider the purchase to be, the fewer the types of information they used. In terms of the types of information sources, it seemed the level of risk involved in a potential purchase did not change respondents’ choice of information source. However, when their perceived risk increased, respondents were more reluctant to collect information from television, radio, or highway signs.
Soil-dwelling polychaetes: enigmatic as ever? Some hints on their phylogenetic relationships as suggested by a maximum parsimony analysis of 18S rRNA gene sequences

To re-evaluate the various hypotheses on the systematic position of Parergodrilus heideri Reisinger, 1925 and Hrabeiella periglandulata Pizl & Chalupský, 1984, the sole truly terrestrial non-clitellate annelids known to date, their phylogenetic relationships were investigated using a data set of new 18S rDNA sequences of these and other five relevant annelid taxa, including an unknown species of Ctenodrilidae, as well as homologous sequences already available for 18 polychaetes, one aphanoneuran, 11 clitellates, two pogonophorans, one echiuran, one sipunculan, three molluscs and two arthropods. Two different alignments were constructed, according to an algorithmic method (Clustal W) and on the basis of a secondary structure model (DCSE), A maximum parsimony analysis was performed with arthropods as an unambiguous outgroup. With both alignments, the resulting topology confirms the validity of grouping P. heideri and Stygocapitella subterranea Knollner, 1934 into the family Parergodrilidae. Hrabeiella periglandulata never clusters with them and its position relative to this and other polychaete families is still obscure, but a close relationship with aphanoneurans is suggested by the most parsimonious trees. All these taxa appear to be far from the Clitellata. Most relationships among polychaetes are not supported by significant bootstrap and Bremer values. These polytomies are corroborated by independent evidence and are interpreted as resulting from an ancient emergence and a rapid radiation of Polychaeta.
DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH PRECISION BEAM POSITION MONITOR READOUT SYSTEM WITH NARROW BANDPASS FILTERS FOR THE KEKB INJECTOR LINAC TOWARDS THE SUPERKEKB

The SuperKEKB accelerator complex is now being upgraded to bring the world highest luminosity (L=8x10 /cm/s). Hence, the KEKB injector linac is required to produce: electron: 20 mm mrad (7 GeV, 5 nC), positron: 10 mm mrad (4 GeV, 4 nC). To achieve this, the accelerator components have to be aligned within ± 0.1 mm (1 ! ). A beam position monitor (BPM) is essential instrumentation for beam-based alignment (BBA), and is required to be one magnitude better position resolution to get better alignment results. Since a current BPM readout system using oscilloscopes has ~50 μm position resolution, we decided to develop high precision BPM readout system with narrow bandpass filters. It handles two bunches with 96 ns interval and has a dynamic range between 0.1 nC (for photon factory) to 10 nC (positron primary). To achieve these criteria, we adopt semiconductor attenuators and optimized two-stage Bessel filters at 300 MHz center frequency to meet both time and frequency domain constraints. To correct position drift due to gain imbalance during operation, calibration pulses are output to the BPM between beam cycles (20 ms). The beam position and charge calculations are performed by onboard FPGA to achieve fast readout cycle.
Dual Banking Systems and Interest Rate Risk for Islamic Banks

In introducing Islamic banking in Malaysia, the basic strategy was to replicate the products/ services offered by conventional banks. The successful implementation of such a strategy has meant that Malaysia today has a truly dual banking system. Islamic banks in Malaysia not only have product similarity with conventional banks but share the same overall economic environment and a common customer base. The ability of non Muslim customers/depositors to switch between the two banking systems, means that deposit / financing rates have to be similar – else give rise to arbitrage flows. The implication is that, though Islamic banks operate on interest free principles, the economic environment in a dual banking system inevitably exposes them to the problems of conventional banks; in particular interest rate risk. Using monthly data over the 10 year period 1994 – 2003, the paper argues that, paradoxical as it may seem, Islamic banks operating within a dual banking system may also be subject to interest rate risk.
Liquefaction Mitigation Using Lateral Confinement Technique

The exploration of a series of shaking tests on circular model footing with and without cellular confinement constructed around the footing with variable depths and diameters under the effect of variable net bearing stress is studied. The effect of the confinement on the liquefaction time, final settlement, excess pore water pressure, and induced building acceleration were studied. The consequences showed that installing the cell with minimum diameter closer to footing and sufficient penetration depth significantly delayed the liquefaction time. It can be considered as an alternative technique to decrease both the lateral spreading and the final settlement below the foundation during the shaking. The results demonstrated that the cell reduced the excess pore water pressure within the confined zone and the pore water pressure migration outside the confined block where the liquefaction is induced. Moreover, the peak foundation acceleration of the confined footing soil system is reduced compared with the case of without cell confinement.
Temperature and Moisture Conditions in Livestock Buildings in Northern Europe

From August 1993 to December 1995 a survey of the temperature and moisture conditions was carried out in 329 livestock buildings in Northern Europe. Mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values of dry bulb air temperature and relative humidity (RH) in cattle, pig and poultry houses were measured over 24 h in each building. Indoor air temperature and RH were generally in agreement with recommended values with few adverse consequences for health or production. Nevertheless, high air temperatures occurred occasionally in summer, indicating the limits of control of temperature in mechanically ventilated buildings. Naturally ventilated houses were more influenced by the prevailing climate.
Nutritional Analysis of BRS Topázio Cotton Plants with Omission of Macronutrients

In order to verify the nutritional disorders caused by the lack of macronutrients in the BRS Topazio cotton plants, an experiment was carried out in a greenhouse of diagnosis by subtraction, in which the following nutrients were omitted: N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S, with three replications totaling 21 experimental units. The omission of nutrients affected the production of phytomass in all treatments. The N content in cotton plants increased and decreased in the absence of K and Ca, respectively. The content of P increased with the omission of N, K, Mg, and decreased with omission of S. Regarding the content of K, it increased in the absence of S and decreased in the absence of N, P, K and Ca. The higher levels of Ca, Mg and S in cotton plants were observed with the absence of K.