Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Absolute instabilities and transition in a rotating cavity with throughflow

High precision direct numerical simulations (DNS) of the boundary layer flow in a rotating cavity are carried above the expected critical Reynolds number for transition from convective to absolute behaviour. The sustained presence of an absolute mode of crossflow instabilty is observed, associated with saturation and progressive spectrum broadening, due to non-linear effects. Eventually, the flow settles in a solution exhibiting properties consistent with a global non-linear mode, as described by Pier (2003).
Simplifying Animation with "Slowmation" to Encourage Preservice Teachers' Science Learning and Teaching

Preservice elementary teachers often lack science content knowledge which reduces their confidence to implement the subject in school classrooms. “Slowmation” (abbreviated from “Slow Animation”) is a new yet simplified form of stop-motion animation that encourages preservice teachers to engage with science content because they create their own animations to represent key concepts. This paper presents a study of 29 preservice elementary teachers in a science method class to ascertain if they improved their science knowledge when they created their own animations and whether they used the approach to teach science in classrooms on practicum. Qualitative data (three interviews, two concept maps and the animations as knowledge artifacts) collected from each preservice teacher showed that 28/29 increased their science content knowledge as a result of creating their own animations and four of the preservice teachers used the approach for teaching science on practicum. Slowmations is a new way for preservice teachers to learn science knowledge at university and is an emerging pedagogy for teaching science in schools.
Same Same but Different? A Comparison of Institutional Models

In the growing literature on the creation of institutions, the theories emphasizing colonial and legal origin, religious affiliation, Western European influence, and settler mortality, have been especially influential. The influence of these studies rests heavily on empirical modeling, which, since the theories are obviously closely related, might actually capture the same primary mechanism. It is therefore unclear whether the empirical relationships found are the same or if they are different. Therefore, this paper takes the empirical models seriously and discriminates amongst the existing models by using modeling selection criteria, tests of encompassing, and modeling selection.
Predicted occurrence of ancient coppice woodlands in the Czech Republic

Abstract: Coppicing started in the Neolithic period and has been practiced throughout European history. This traditional silvicultural system was abandoned in many European countries during the 20th century. The Czech Republic now has a very low proportion of coppice woods (CW), as more than 1000 km2 CW were converted into high forests after World War II. Nevertheless, many CW were maintained as stored coppices, which could be the last remainders of ancient coppice woods (ACW) in the Czech Republic. Knowledge of area and distribution of stored coppices is currently missing in the Czech Republic, because they are recorded as high forests in forest management plans. Many stored forests are currently approaching the maturity age, with a high risk that these last ACW remainders will be lost; therefore, an inventory of ancient coppice woods is necessary. In our study, we develop an index of likelihood of coppice occurrence (COP) based on the distribution of habitats favourable for coppices, as well as on past and current occurrence of CW in the Czech Republic from historical maps. COP index values were then used to generate a map showing the relative likelihoods of occurrence of ACW, which can serve as a baseline to support the compilation of an ACW inventory and their mapping in the field. Our results can help prioritize forest areas to be inventoried based on their higher probabilities of ACW occurrence.
Metabolomic profiling, antioxidant capacity and in vitro anticancer activity of some compositae plants growing in Saudi Arabia

The present study was conducted to evaluate the metabolic profiling, antioxidant capacity and anticancer activities of some common widely grown plants of the family Compositae. The total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, saponins, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays were determined in the selected plant extracts. In vitro anticancer activity was also assessed using human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines. The plant species revealed different metabolomic profiling. Artemisia showed the highest contents of the detected secondary metabolites compared to other plant extracts. Pulcaria crispa showed the highest inhibition concentration 50% (IC50) among the screened extracts against HepG-2 (8.9 μg/ml) and MCF-7 (8.14 μg/ml). The high performance liquid chromatography ‎analysis (HPLC) of P. crispa extract revealed the presence of high content of three phenolic compounds, benzoic, chlorogenic acid and vanillic acid, along with two ‎polyphenolic compounds, hesperidin and quercetrin. In summary, among the screened extracts, P. crispa has the most potent anti-tumor activity in vitro against HepG-2 and MCF-7 cell lines. Key words: Metabolomic, antioxidant, anticancer, plant extracts, HepG-2, MCF-7, cell lines.
Exploring the Ruthenium-Ligands Bond and Their Relative Properties at Different Computational Methods

We report some experimental bond distances and computational models of six ruthenium bonds obtained from DFT to higher computational methods like MP2 and CCSD. The bonds distances, geometrical RMSD, and the thermodynamic properties of the models from different computational methods are similar. It is observed that optimization of molecules of many light atoms with different functional methods results in significant geometrical variation in the values and order of the computed properties. The values of the hyperpolarizabilities, HOMO, LUMO, and isotropic and anisotropic shielding are found to depend greatly on the type of the functional used and the geometrical variation rather than on the nature of basis set used. However, all the methods rated modelled Ru-S, Ru-Cl, and Ru-O bonds as having the highest hyperpolarizabilities values. The infrared spectra data obtained from the different computational methods are significantly different from each other except for MP2 and CCSD which are found to be very similar.
Road salt influence on pollutant releases from melting urban snow

A snow-melting experiment was performed to study the effects of road salt on the melting of urban snow from a snow windrow (pile) along a road in central Lulea, Sweden. Two snow piles were formed in the laboratory, with and without road salt added, and melted under similar conditions. All meltwater was collected and analyzed. The purpose of the experiment was to study the influence of the use of de-icing salt on meltwater quality and the release of pollutants from urban snow. The study indicated that the use of road salt may increase the dissolved metal phase in the urban snow meltwater. Also, the salt seems to have the largest effect at the beginning of the melting period when chloride is leaving the snow pile. Of total chloride, 90% was transported with the first 20% of the meltwater. Concentrations of the particulate-bound metals showed a fairly constant rate of release at the start of melt, but increased rapidly towards the end of the melting period, and this was more pronounced in the case of snow containing high chloride concentrations. Overall, a larger transport of solids was found for the pile with salt due to faster melting. Significantly larger masses of suspended solids and two heavy metals (Cu and Zn) were released with the meltwater from the pile with salt in comparison with the no-salt pile. The rest of the suspended solids and heavy metals stayed in the solid residue remaining at the end of the experiment.
Causal relationships between food intake and stomach issue - An algorithmic detection using machine learning

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional disease related to the bowel and is classified as one of the most common diseases in the world with 11.2% of the global population suffering. An accurate tool as an aid will therefore have a major societal impact. In this thesis, algorithms for identifying causal relationships between food intake and stomach issues from synthetically generated data and patient’s self-recorded journals were investigated as the primary aim. The thesis was confined to an investigation of algorithms appropriate for small datasets. Algorithms considered appropriate were members from the following families of algorithms: regression analysis, ensemble learning, support vector machines and Bayesian statistics. The results were obtained by running each algorithm on the same datasets and performing averaging. The study found that the beta-binomial hierarchical model acquired the highest average performance for all metrics considered when selecting symptom intolerances from synthetic data. However, due to the unknown symptom generating behavior of users, the limitations of the model may affect the performance significantly. We believe that utilizing the hierarchical model in combination with another algorithm may be useful for analysis of the available datasets.
Phytoplankton absorption and the chlorophyll a-specific absorption coefficient in dynamic Onondaga Lake

Abstract Phytoplankton absorption and its dependence on the concentration of chlorophyll a(Chl-a), as represented by the Chl-a–specific absorption coefficient (a*φ(λ)), is important to support models of growth and for bio-optical remote sensing algorithms to retrieve Chl-a. The dynamics of the phytoplankton absorption coefficient (aφ(λ)) and a*φ(λ), and their dependencies on Chl-a, are described for Onondaga Lake, New York, over a 6-year period for which major changes in trophic state, Chl-a, and community composition occurred. Strong positive dependencies of aφ(λ) on Chl-aare reported for absorption peaks in both the blue and red spectral regions that are qualitatively similar to relationships for ocean waters but differ quantitatively. Average values of a*φ at wavelengths of 440 and 676 nm were 0.0347 and 0.0171 m2 mg−1, respectively, with coefficients of variation of 37 and 31%. Significant negative relationships between a*φ and Chl-a were observed for blue and green wavelengths that were qualitatively consistent with the influences of pigment packaging and the contribution of accessory pigments to absorption. The operation of these influences is demonstrated through various forms of data analysis that resolved the following significant relationships: (1) negative dependence of the ratio aφ(440):aφ(676) on Chl-a; (2) flattening of aφ spectra in the blue and increases at the red maximum, with increases in Chl-a; and (3) negative dependence of aφ(490):aφ(676) on Chl-a. Values of a*φ(440) and a*φ(676) obtained for Onondaga Lake are considered in the context of the limited population reported for other inland waters and selected marine systems.
Generation Y and e-Learning : Study of the Impact of the Integration of the HP-Life Platform in Higher Education

The general problem in which our research fits is about the innovation in the teaching practices at the University. This study is rooted in the context of the establishment of higher education, the ISET (Higher Institute of Technological Studies) of Kairouan (Tunisia), through actions of integration of the HP-life platform in a program of e-learning in the teaching of various modules. This integration implicates the study of its performance in the light of the involved actors, namely the learners (students). The first part of this article exposes the state of the art of the evolution of the digital and remote education in the university, as well as on the emergence of the Generation Y. The second part presents the case of the ISET of Kairouan through the results of a questionnaire, administered to 120 students, to the answers on their own use of the Platform of e-learning HP-life.
Challenges Facing Social Enterprises in the United States

Abstract Hybrid organizations that combine social purpose and profit motive appear to have grown significantly in number in the U.S. in recent decades. However, these organizations, which we call “social enterprises,” face challenges that impede their growth and hinder their ability to deliver greater benefits. To better understand what these challenges are, this paper surveys the growing literature on social enterprises which suggests that social enterprises now face these major obstacles: ill-fitting legal forms, obstacles to effective governance, problems in evaluating impact, weak supportive networks, difficulties in raising funding, and management tensions. Deepening understanding of the challenges facing social enterprises should help guide those interested in strengthening public policy toward social enterprise and other aspects of the support system for these organizations.
Impact of datum transformation on local variations of geometric geoid in Niger

AbstractIn this study, we have conducted an investigation on the impact of the coordinates’ transformation on local variations of geometric geoid. The study area is limited by 1°43′12″ to 4°00′37″ East and 13°01′57″ to 14°31′20″ North in the southwest of the Niger Republic. We used 39 network GPS/levelling points established by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the National Geographic Institute of Niger (IGNN), including the DOPPLER point ANG302/no.65. Using other coordinates of point no. 65 provided by IGNN, we transformed the points into WGS84 and computed a new geometric geoid model. The comparison of the new model with EGM2008 geoid up to d/o 2160 gives the STD of 15 cm and the RMS of 16cm. Local variations of the geometric geoids, were compared to that of EGM2008 geoid. The comparison through basic statistics, trend lines and 3D overlaps, showed a similar trend between the geometric geoid from the transformed coordinates and that of EGM2008. On the contrary, the JICA-IGNN geometri.
Interactive comment on “ Primary to secondary organic aerosol : evolution of organic emissions from mobile combustion sources ” by A . A . Presto

In this manuscript, the authors report results of chamber experiments examining SOA formation from a fleet of both gasoline and diesel-engine vehicles. The authors apply PMF to their quadrupole AMS data to partition OA into a POA factor and an SO factor. The authors compare the smog chamber PMF factors to ambient HOA and OOA data and they evaluate the mixing of their chamber OOA and POA using the PMF factors
Evaluation of growth performance of amur common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) with major carps in polyculture system

The present experiment was conducted in rectangular cemented tanks (5 x 4 x 1m) each for five months to evaluate growth performance of amur common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) with major carp in polyculture system. The experiment included three treatments in triplicates viz. T1: mrigal, catla (Catla catla), rohu (Labeo rohita), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and silver barb (Puntius gonionotus) at 6:3:6:2:3; T2: amur common carp, catla, rohu, silver carp and silver barb at 6:3:6:2:3; and T3: mrigal, amur common carp, catla, rohu, silver carp and silver barb at 3:3:3:6:2:3. Results showed that mean weight gain and specific growth rate of mrigal and amur common carp were higher in T3 compared to T1 and T2 and that of silver carp was significantly (P<0.05) higher in T2 than T1 and T3. Net gain biomass, daily weight gain and net fish yield in T2 and T3 were significantly higher than T1. The highest net gain biomass, daily weight gain and net fish yield were obtained in T3 followed by T2 and T1. No significant differences in survivability (%) were observed among treatments. The result demonstrated that amur common carp performs better than mrigal with major carps in polyculture system and with stocking a ratio of 15% each have an improved fish production.
Soil organic matter quality and composition in a postfire Scotch pine forest in Tolyatti, Samara region

Evaluation of humus accumulation and humification rates was conducted on soils affected by surface and crown fires during 2010 forest fires near Tolyatti (Samara region, Russia). Three key soil plots were studied for estimating SOM quality changes under the forest fire effect. Total carbon and nitrogen content, as well as Сhumic acids/Cfulvic acids (Cha/Cfa) ratios, were estimated to evaluate the dynamics of soil recovery. Humic acid powders were extracted from soils and analyzed by elemental composition and 13C-NMR spectroscopy to assess changes in structure and composition. The data indicate that the burning of a forest floor and humic horizon led to humus losses and decreases in total carbon stocks and content. As a result of the fires, the content of humic acids in the pyrogenic horizon increased. Greater increases in the degree of organic matter humification were observed for surface fires than for crown fires. Fire also lead to the formation of humic acids with an increased proportion of aromatic compounds than in control soils, which indicates the degradation of carboxylic and aliphatic groups of molecules under the burning effect. This corresponds well with the decrease of the proportion of hydrogen when comparing the elemental composition of burned soil with that of mature soil.
Relationship of insulin resistance with recurrent pregnancy loss

Background: The recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as two and more failed pregnancies as documented by ultrasound and histopathological examination and suggested some assessment after each loss with a thorough evaluation after three or more losses. RPL is one of the most frustrating and difficult areas in reproductive medicine because the aetiology is often unknown and there are few evidence based diagnostic and treatment strategies. Methods: 150 Non pregnant females were taken as both cases and controls in the study. All the pregnancy losses were documented by ultrasound or histological examination after uterine curettage. The control group consisted of women with no RPL with at least one live birth. These two groups were matched on the basis of age and BMI. All the women underwent following examinations, viz. Hysterosalpingography, karyotype of both partners, serum TSH, FT4, prolactin and antibodies for APLA. In addition blood sample were taken for fasting serum glucose and serum insulin level later insulin resistance was calculate using three parameters Fasting insulin > 20IU/ml. Diagnostic of Insulin Resistance. (2) Fasting glucose / Fasting insulin. A ratio of 4.5 being diagnostic of insulin resistance. Results: 150 patients were enrolled in this study among which 75 were selected as cases and 75 as controls after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria with mean age cases group was28.4+2.37 years and 29.1+2.70 years in control group mean miscarriage rate in study group was 3.17+83 and control group with 0.35+0.48 with statistically significant difference. Mean fasting glucose (96.5+ 7.86) mg/dl, Fasting Insulin (14.1±5.91) IU/ml. Mean Glucose Insulin ratio (8.1±3.39), HOMA-IR (3.4 ±1.51) in the study group and in control group mean fasting glucose was (87.1+11.49) mg/dl, Fasting Insulin (6.9 ± 4.99) IU/ml. Mean Glucose Insulin ratio (17.8 ±11.44), HOMA-IR (1.5 ±1.27) respectively with statistically significant difference. Conclusions: In women with recurrent pregnancy loss fasting insulin and insulin resistance are higher than those in women without spontaneous abortion. The most sensitive parameter for calculating insulin resistance was found to be fasting insulin followed by HOMA – IR and followed by fasting glucose/fasting insulin ratio. It is therefore important to recommend a fasting insulin and fasting glucose level while evaluating a case of recurrent pregnancy loss to assess for insulin resistance.
Glycerol as a cryoprotectant agent to the entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis spp. and Steinernema spp.

A dificuldade de armazenamento e conservacao de nematoides entomopatogenicos (NEPs) e um dos principais obstaculos para ampliar seu uso no controle biologico de pragas bem como na manutencao de colecoes destes organismos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a criopreservacao como metodo de armazenamento e conservacao de NEPs utilizando o glicerol como crioprotetor. Juvenis infectantes (JIs) das especies Heterorhabditis amazonensis (RSC 05), H. bacteriophora (HP88), Steinernerma feltiae (Sn) e S. carpocapsae (IBCB-n02) foram submetidos aos seguintes tratamentos: (A) imersao em glicerol em diferentes concentracoes (10, 13 e 15%), (B) diferentes tempos de exposicao dos isolados ao glicerol (24 e 48 horas) e (C) dois tempos de congelamento em nitrogenio liquido (NL) a –196 oC (24 e 168 horas). Cada tratamento teve quatro repeticoes e o delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3x2x2 (concentracoes de glicerol x tempo de exposicao ao glicerol x tempo de congelamento). A sobrevivencia dos JIs foi avaliada apos cada tempo de exposicao ao glicerol e tempo de congelamento em NL, e os dados submetidos a analise de variância e as medias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. S. feltiae e S. carpocapse sobreviveram quando expostos ao glicerol a 10, 13 e 15% por 24 e 48 horas. Apos armazenamento em NL por 24 e 168 horas, somente S. feltiae sobreviveu quando exposto ao glicerol por 48 horas nas concentracoes de 10, 13 e 15%, com 40,5; 58,2; 57,7% de sobrevivencia respectivamente. S. feltiae foi capaz de infectar lagartas de Galleria mellonella apos o congelamento, entretanto, para o tempo de 168 horas de congelamento foi observada uma reducao de 90% na infectividade.
Histopathological effects of sub-acute lead chloride on the vital organs of the suckermouth sailfin catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis Castelnau

This study investigated the effects of sub-acute (70 mg/L) lead chloride (PbCl2) exposure on the vital organs of the suckermouth sailfin catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis, a species known to thrive in polluted freshwaters. Histological observations in the gills show thickened lamellar epithelium and distinct thrombosed telangiectatic secondary lamella. The liver had the least type of lesions such as fatty change and focal necrosis. The small intestine exhibited massive sloughing of the submucosa and vacuolar degeneration of secretory cells while thinning and disintegration of the submucosa externa, accompanied by pyknotic respiratory cells and necrotic secretory cells were seen extensively in the stomach. The pattern of lead accumulation was in the order of gut> liver>gill>muscle with Pb accumulated significantly in the gut (46.33 mg/L). High accumulation of Pb in the gut, an organ often considered as “end accumulator” could suggest the potential of P. pardalis as a “partial regulator” species for Pb
Detailedly Represented Irregular Low-Density Parity-Check Codes

Richardson and Urbanke developed a powerful method density evolution which determines, for various channels, the capacity of irregular low-density parity-check code ensembles. We develop generalized density evolution for minutely represented ensembles and show it includes conventional representation as a special case. Furthermore, we present an example of code ensembles used over binary erasure channel and binary input additive white Gaussian noise channel which have better thresholds than highly optimized ensembles with conventional representation. key words: density evolution, irregular low-density parity-check codes, low-density parity-check codes, belief propagation