Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tailoring the Cu(In, Al)S2 nanostructures for photonic applications

Solvent dependent and low temperature based Chalcopyrite CuIn1-xAlxS2 (CIAS) nano structures were synthesized by a simple one-pot solvothermal route. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the nanostructures structurally and optically. CIAS hollow spheres were constructed from the nanoplates. Detailed formation mechanism of the hollow spheres was explained. Tentative optical phonon vibrational modes have been discussed. Steady state room temperature IR photodectection have been demonstrated with all the CIAS nanostructures under IR lamp illumination. Photo current was amplified by two orders and one order in case of nano needle like structures and hollow spheres respectively, which was explained based upon the trap assisted space charge. Growth and decay constants lasted for few milli seconds.
Vector species richness increases haemorrhagic disease prevalence through functional diversity modulating the duration of seasonal transmission

ANDREW W. PARK*, CHRISTOPHER A. CLEVELAND, TAD A. DALLAS and JOSEPH L. CORN Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, 140 E. Green Street, Athens, GA 30602, USA Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study (SCWDS), Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 589 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA
MODY - A Model for Understanding the Pathogeneses and Natural History of Type II Diabetes

In the last ten years it has been established that diabetes mellitus is not a single disease but a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by hyperglycemia, varying degrees of insulin insufficiency, varying degrees of insulin resistance, and in the majority of long-standing patients, by the chronic complications of the disease. Heterogeneity implies that differing genetic and/or environmental etiological and pathogenetic factors result in similar clinical disorders. The major types of diabetes are Type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Type II or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). A third type of diabetes is malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus (MRDM) which occurs primarily in Africa and Asia. Other types of diabetes associated with certain conditions and syndromes are due to: a) pancreatic disease, b) diseases of hormonal etiology, such as Cushing's syndrome, acromegaly, etc., c) drugor chemically-induced conditions, d) severe insulin receptor abnormalities, e) diabetes associated with certain genetic syndromes, and f) other miscellaneous conditions.
Screening of colon tumor cells and tissues for folylpolyglutamate synthetase activity.

Polyglutamylation of (anti)folates catalyzed by folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS) determines the retention of these compounds in the cell. This feature is essential for the activity of folates (e.g., folinic acid) and antifolates (e.g., methotrexate) in the treatment of cancer. A FPGS assay was developed using murine liver and was based on published methods, but had a novel analytic procedure. Tritiated glutamate and aminopterin served as substrates for FPGS, and after the reaction the mixture of substrates and products was separated by thin-layer chromatography. Results were verified by standard anion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography for folates. The assay was applied to measure the activity of FPGS in several cancer cell lines and human and murine (tumor) tissues. Cancer cell lines had a much higher activity (varying from 82 to 656 pmol diglutamate formed per hour per 10(6) cells) than murine bone marrow cells (35 pmol/h/10(6) cells). Murine gut mucosa had a very low FPGS activity compared to murine liver (7 vs. 24 pmol diglutamate/h/g wet weight), but the activity in murine colon tumors was comparable to or higher than that in liver (28-52 pmol diglutamate/h/g wet weight). A screening of 11 human colon tumors or metastases demonstrated that there was a large variation in FPGS activity in this tumor type, but overall the activity was higher in tumor tissue than in normal colon mucosa. The latter feature may increase the selectivity of antifolate-based chemotherapy of colon tumors. The FPGS assay described in this paper allows large-scale screening of cell lines and tissues, because of its rapid separation procedure by thin-layer chromatography.
Analysis of tungsten melt-layer motion and splashing under tokamak conditions at TEXTOR

Behaviour and characteristics of W plasma-facing components under impinging high heat fluxes are investigated in view of the material choices for the divertor in future devices such as ITER and DEMO. Experiments have been carried out in the plasma edge of the TEXTOR tokamak to study melt-layer motion, macroscopic tungsten erosion from the melt layer as well as the changes in material properties such as grain size and abundance of voids or bubbles. The parallel heat flux at the radial position of the plasma-facing components (PFCs) in the plasma ranges around q‖ ∼ 45 MW m−2 allowing samples to be exposed at an impact angle of 35° to 20–30 MW m−2. Melt-layer motion perpendicular to the magnetic field is observed following a Lorentz force originating from thermoelectric emission of the hot sample. Up to 3 g of molten W are redistributed forming mountain-like structures at the edge of the sample. The typical melt-layer thickness is 1–1.5 mm. Those hills are, due to the changes in the local geometry, particularly susceptible to even higher heat fluxes of up to the full q‖. Locally the temperature can reach up to 6000 K, high levels of evaporation are causing significant erosion in the form of continuous fine-spray (∼1 × 1024 atoms m−2 s−1). Strong evaporation cooling is observed hindering the further heating of the samples. In addition, the formation of ligaments and splashes occurs several times during the melt phase ejecting droplets in the order of several 10 µm up to 100 µm probably caused by an instability evolving in the melt. In terms of material degradation several aspects are considered: formation of leading edges by redistributed melt, bubble formation and recrystallization. Bubbles are occurring in sizes between 1 and 200 µm while recrystallization increases the grain size up to 1.5 mm. The power-handling capabilities are thus severely degraded. Melting of tungsten (W) in future devices is highly unfavourable and needs to be avoided especially in light of uncontrolled transients and possible unshaped PFCs
Perception of social exclusion, neuropathy, and quality of life among Hansen’s disease patients

Background Leprosy subjects are strongly affected not only by physical issues such as peripheral neuropathy but also by massive social exclusion that may be related to quality of life (QoL) impairment. However, there are as yet no studies evaluating the impact of perceived stigma in conjunction with neuropathy on QoL and the respective role of each one on QoL. Objective The present study aims to investigate the variations in clinical and socio-demographic profile of Hansen’s disease patients with/without perception of social exclusion (PSE) and neuropathy as the impact of both conditions on their QoL. Methods A sample of 160 consecutive leprosy outpatients seeking treatment in two reference centers for leprosy in Brazil was recruited. Patients were assessed using a socio-demographic questionnaire, M.I. N.I. PLUS and SF-36. Data from medical records were also collected. Participants were divided into four groups: control group, perceived stigma, neuropathy, and stigma neuropathy. Results Of the 160 patients who consented to participate, 78.75% completed the survey. All four groups were similar in terms of demographic parameters, except for occupational status, which was compensated statistically. The group with neuropathy and PSE reported the worst QoL in half of the evaluated domains. The cross-sectional design does not allow cause and effect to be established between variables, and the relatively small sample size may limit the ability to demonstrate a relative decrease in QoL scores from the isolated variables analyzed. Conclusions The results of this survey show that the presence of both neuropathy and PSE significantly increases impairment in QoL, especially in some specific domains.
Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies Status Is Associated with Oral Involvement and Disease Severity in Crohn Disease

Objectives: To determine anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) status and its relation to disease phenotype in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients and Methods: A total of 301 Scottish patients with early-onset IBD—197 Crohn disease (CD), 76 ulcerative colitis (UC), 28 indeterminate colitis (IC)—and 78 healthy control individuals were studied. ASCA status (IgA, IgG) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ASCA status was then analyzed in relation to CD phenotype. Results: Patients with CD had a higher prevalence of ASCA than patients with UC and healthy controls: 82/197 versus 12/76, odds ratio (OR) 3.80 (1.93–7.50) and 82/197 versus 6/78, OR 8.56 (3.55–20.62), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that positive ASCA status was associated with oral CD (17/25 vs 59/153, OR 3.39 [1.38–8.34]), perianal CD (39/77 vs 38/108, OR 1.89 [1.04–3.44]) and the presence of granulomata (63/132 vs 15/52, OR 2.25 [1.13–4.48]) and also with markers of disease severity: raised C-reactive protein (44/90 vs 12/49, OR 2.95[1.36–6.37]), hypoalbuminemia (44/85 vs 20/74, OR 2.28[1.19–4.37]), and surgery (27/49 vs 54/147, OR 2.11 [1.10–4.06]). From multivariate analysis, the presence of oral disease (adjusted P = 0.001, OR 22.22 [3.41–142.86]) and hypoalbuminemia (adjusted P = 0.01, OR 4.78 [1.40–16.39]) was found to be independently associated with ASCA status. No association was demonstrated between ASCA and IBD candidate genes. Conclusions: Patients with CD had a higher prevalence of ASCA than did other patients with IBD. ASCA status described patients with CD who had a specific phenotype, showing an association with markers of disease severity and oral CD involvement.
Impaired Thermoregulatory Ability of Oxytocin-Deficient Mice during Cold-Exposure

We analyzed temperature homeostasis in oxytocin-deficient (Oxt−/−) mice and found that Oxt−/− mice exhibited lower body temperatures than wild-type animals when they were exposed to cold. Oxt−/− mice also showed slightly more weight gain, but there were no obvious differences in the morphology of white and brown adipose tissues as between wild-type and Oxt−/− mice. In cold-exposed conditions, oxytocin neurons containing c-Fos immunoreactivity existed in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. These results suggest that the central oxytocin neurons constitute part of the thermoregulatory system involved in maintaining body temperature in cold environments.
Dublin Core use in libraries: a survey

An e‐mail survey was conducted by the Dublin Core Libraries Working Group to collect examples of Dublin Core use in libraries, and to provide input for the development of a Dublin Core application profile for libraries. A total of 29 responses were received from nine countries, describing 33 separate implementations of Dublin Core. The most commonly cited reasons for selecting Dublin Core were its international acceptance, flexibility and likelihood of future interoperability. Each of the 15 core elements was in use by between 59 percent and 97 percent of the projects in the survey. There was a high incidence (73 percent) of projects that use metadata elements in addition to the DC elements and approved qualifiers. The two most widely reported challenges involved in implementing Dublin Core were that there are too few elements and qualifiers, and the lack of usage guidelines.
Combined Effects of Perceived Politics and Psychological Capital on Job Satisfaction, Turnover Intentions, and Performance

With a diverse sample (N = 231 paired responses) of employees from various organizations in Pakistan, the authors tested for the main effects of perceived organizational politics and psychological capital on turnover intentions, job satisfaction, and supervisor-rated job performance. They also examined the moderating influence of psychological capital in the politics–outcomes relationships. Results provided good support for the proposed hypotheses. While perceived organizational politics was associated with all outcomes, psychological capital had a significant relationship with job satisfaction and supervisor-rated performance only. As hypothesized, the negative relationship of perceived organizational politics with job satisfaction and supervisor-rated performance was weaker when psychological capital was high. However, the result for turnover intentions was counter to expectations where the politics–turnover intention relationship was stronger when psychological capital was high.
Back pain and function 22 years after brace treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a case-control study-part I.

STUDY DESIGN A consecutive series of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and brace-treated (BT) between 1968 and 1977 before age 21 years (BT: n = 127; 122 females and 5 males) were followed-up at least 20 years after completion of the treatment. OBJECTIVES To determine the long-term outcome in terms of back pain and function in patients BT for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Few reports on long-term outcome of back pain and function have previously been presented for consecutive groups of these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred ten (87%) BT patients were reexamined as part of an unbiased personal follow-up. This included a clinical examination, evaluation of curve size (Cobb method), and degenerative findings in full standing frontal and lateral radiographs. Validated questionnaires in terms of general and disease-specific quality-of-life aspects as well as present back and pain symptoms were used. One hundred nine had complete follow-up. An age- and sex-matched control group of 100 persons was randomly selected and subjected to the same examinations. RESULTS The deterioration of the curves was a mean of 7.9 degrees for all curves, excluding the only patient who underwent operation after 4 years (increase = 27 degrees). The patients had significantly more degenerative disc changes than the controls. Lumbar and thoracic back pain, although mild (2.7 on visual analogue scale), was significantly more frequent among the patients than the controls (75 vs. 47%, P = 0.0050 and 35.8 vs. 22.0%, P = 0.033, respectively). Only 24% of the patients admitted daily pain and analgesics were sparsely used. The patients had a slightly, but significantly, worse back function as measured by the Oswestry Disability Index (9.2 vs. 4.8, P = 0.0012) and general function score (7.7 vs. 4.2, P = 0.0006), but general health-related quality of life was not affected. No differences could be seen in sociodemographic variables between the groups, except for having ever been on sick leave because of the back (38% vs. 19%, P = 0.0036). Furthermore, no differences could be found between patients with different curve types (single thoracic, n = 50; lumbar, n = 19; double curves, n = 40). No correlation could be found between pain and its localization and curve size, an increase of at least 10 degrees since end of treatment, curve type, degenerative changes on any of the two lowest lumbar disc levels, body mass index, or smoking. CONCLUSIONS More than 20 years after brace treatment for AIS, minimal pain and no dysfunction occurred compared with normal controls. Compared with surgically treated patients with a mean end result similar to this group, no significant differences were found except that BT patients experience more affective components of their pain.
Uma revisão sobre treinamento concorrente

Treinamento concorrente de forca e de resistencia parece inibir o desenvolvimento da forca quando comparado com o treinamento de forca realizado isoladamente. Os mecanismos responsaveis por esta inibicao parecem ser limitados. Isto se deve as dificuldades associadas com os resultados de estudos que diferem em alguns fatores como modo, frequencia, intensidade de treinamento, historia de treinamento dos participantes, sexo, idade e duracao de treinamento. O fenomeno da inibicao do desenvolvimento de forca durante o treinamento concorrente tem sido explicado pelas hipoteses aguda e cronica. A proposta deste estudo foi relatar diferentes tipos de treinamento e os efeitos do treinamento concorrente.
Primary total hip replacement in childhood, adolescence and young patients: quality and outcome of clinical studies.

OBJECTIVE The present meta-analysis illustrates relevant information about hip replacement in young patients that has been published during the past 3 decades. MATERIAL AND METHODS Based on a MedLine literature review a total of 95 studies were evaluated. Parameters for evaluation of study quality and outcome were implant survival rates (ISR),number of patients, indications, follow-up, surgical approaches and number of surgeons. RESULTS Most studies consider patient numbers <50. In 33 studies one implant system was applied compared to 65 studies in which more than one system was used. Most studies include different surgical approaches. 20% of all studies contained neither the number of surgeons,nor the type of surgical approach. The overall ISR could be evaluated in 67 studies. Sufficient data about the ISR of stem and/or sockets were available in 50 papers. CONCLUSIONS Most published studies analyzed inhomogeneous study populations; study variables vary as do the implants used for treatment.
Bruttoeinkommensverteilung in Deutschland 1984 - 1999 und Ungleichheit unter ausländischen Erwerbstätigen

Diese Studie betrachtet die im deutschen soziookonomischen Panel (GSOEP) erfassten gewichteten monatlichen Bruttoverdienste vollzeitbeschaftigter Erwerbstatiger in der Periode 1984 bis 1999. Dabei werden einige Aspekte der Einkommensverteilung aufgedeckt, die von der bislang allgemein unterstellten Stabilitat abweichen. Einer dieser Aspekte ist der deutliche Anstieg der Ungleichheit unter den Arbeitseinkommen vollzeiterwerbstatiger auslandischer Manner in Westdeutschland seit 1990. Als mogliche Determinanten dieser Entwicklung werden sowohl die Merkmalsverteilung dieser Gruppe, als auch die auslanderspezifische Renditeentwicklung auf diese Merkmale untersucht. Die Merkmalsverteilung und die Renditen weisen Entwicklungen auf, die kausal hinter einer steigenden Einkommensungleichheit stehen konnen. Diese Trends sind als Anreize fur Humankapitalinvestitionen von hoher Bedeutung und werden hier erstmals aufgezeigt.
Social Support and the Outcome of Major Depression

One hundred and fifty middle-aged and elderly adults with a diagnosis of major depression were assessed initially as inpatients, and were reinterviewed 6–32 months later. Both size of social network and subjective social support were significant predictors of depressive symptoms at follow-up, with baseline depression scores and other predictors of outcome status statistically controlled. Subjective social support was most strongly associated with major depression; this effect was significantly stronger for middle-aged than older adults, and for men than women. Differences in the effects of marital status, size of social network, and subjective social support also suggest the importance of distinguishing between involvement in and quality of interpersonal relationships.
Cognitive functioning pre- to post-kidney transplantation--a prospective study.

BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation (TX) may ameliorate the neuropsychological (NP) impairments in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Previous studies have suffered from small sample sizes, lack of standardization of dialysis adequacy, and insufficiently sensitive NP tests. METHODS Twenty-eight medically stable patients aged 44.04 (12.01) years with ESRD were investigated before and at 6 months after successful kidney TX using an NP test battery, which assessed attention-concentration, psychomotor ability and memory. Formal kinetic modelling of dialysis delivery ensured adequate renal replacement therapy. Transplant function was good on stable doses of immunosuppressive medication, without evidence of rejection at the time of testing. RESULTS Within-subject comparisons showed statistically significant improvement in memory performance after kidney TX. Other NP measures (attention-concentration and psychomotor abilities) showed non-significant improvements. Normative comparisons showed NP impairments on dialysis, which were not apparent after TX. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate improvements in cognition following kidney TX and emphasize the reversibility of the memory problems evidenced in dialysis.
An endocrine system scaling method for healthy rats and humans

As a common laboratory practice rats are studied as biological models for understanding several human’s diseases. However, only few works propose a methodology for quantifying the analogies between both species. This work presents a systematic procedure to construct efficient models to predict more accurately what would happen in human beings based on the experimental results obtained from rats. In this context, the well-known model of healthy subjects given by Sorensen et al. (1985) was adequate to implement the scale-up methodology based on some assumptions given by Hall et al. (2012). Therefore, the main contribution of this work is to present the detailed scale-up procedure which needed to do an extensive search on the literature to adapt the human model to the rat model. It is expected that this validated rats model could be useful for testing diets, physical exercises effects, drugs delivery, pharmacokinetics studies for then extrapolate conclusions for human beings.
Fair resource scheduling algorithm for wireless OFDM systems

The paper discusses the fair resource sharing of adaptive orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The multi-channel nature of OFDM and the variance of the wireless channel make it difficult for efficient resource scheduling algorithms to maximize the total system throughput while providing fairness among all users. Thus, a suboptimal fair resource scheduling (FRS) algorithm is proposed. At each step of the algorithm, the user with the least normalized transmit rate is allowed to choose a subcarrier, and the subcarrier with the highest utilization efficiency to that user is selected. Numerical simulation results show that a high throughput is achieved, and that the service fairness index is guaranteed to be within a hard upper bound. Furthermore, it is observed that the throughput is degraded when a user in poor channel condition has a large resource share weight. To mitigate the inefficiency, a subcarrier number limited fair resource scheduling (SNL-FRS) algorithm is proposed.