Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La Draga (Banyoles, Catalonia), an Early Neolithic Lakeside Village in Mediterranean Europe

The site of La Draga is located on the eastern shore of the Estany de Banyoles (Lake Banyoles). The excavation work carried out so far has lasted from 1990 to 2005. It was coordinated by the Museu Arqueologic Comarcal de Banyoles and the Centre d'Arqueologia Subaquatica de Catalunya. Three different areas were investigated: the upper area, or Sector A; the lower area, beside the Lake, or Sector B; and the Neolithic lakeshore, or Sector C, which is now under water. Appropriate methods of excavation, including extraction pumps and underwater divers, were applied to each sector. La Draga is an early Neolithic village (Cardial-ware phase) which dates from the end of the 6th millennium BC. Its material culture is similar to that found at other contemporary sites in southern France, Catalonia and Valencia. One feature, however, makes it unique in the Iberian Peninsula: the remains of large rectangular huts with oak posts, numerous wooden and basketry items, and vast quantities of animal bones and cereal grains have been preserved there. Two monographs about the site have been published so far, one in 2000 and the other in 2006. It has been the subject of many papers given at conferences and published in specialized journals in Catalan, Spanish and French. This is the first text of any length to be published directly in English.
Overconfidence in Psychology and Finance - An Interdisciplinary Literature Review

This paper reviews the literature on one of the most meaningful concepts in modern behavioural finance, the overconfidence phenomenon. Overconfidence is presented as a well-developed psychological theory, with main facets comprising miscalibration, betterthan- average effect, illusion of control and unrealistic optimism. The primary applications of overconfidence in contemporary finance are analysed, from the perspective of financial markets and corporate behaviour. Experimental studies, formal models and analyses of market data demonstrate that overconfidence at least partially solves some financial market puzzles that cannot be accounted for by standard economic theory. Overconfidence in the corporate context may affect not only a company’s internal financing structure, but also its interactions with other market participants through merger and acquisition activity.
Knowledge on Menstrual Hygiene Among Residential and Non-Residential School Girls

Menstruation is one such natural phenomenon which i s an important indicator of women’s health. The nam e menstruation” comes from the Latin “menses” meaning moon, with reference to the lunar month and lastin g also approximately 28 days long. Menstruation has always been surrounded by different perceptions throughou t the world due to which even after the attainment of menarche, very little information is given to young girls ab out hygienic practices to be followed. Thus, present study was c onducted to explore the menstrual hygiene among res id ntial and non-residential school age girls with the following aim to know the level of knowledge regarding menst rual hygiene among residential and non-residential school girls. The sample consists of 60 each residential and non -residential school from rural and urban areas of Dharwad taluk during 2014-2015. The tools used for the study were th selfstructured questionnaire, to elicit the information regarding knowledge and practice of menstrual hygi ene during menstruation among girls and Socio-Economic Status Scale developed by Agarwal et al, (2005). The resul ts indicated that there was no difference, but significant assoc iation found between the residential and non-reside ntial school girls in case of knowledge on menstrual hygiene, while none of the girls had low knowledge. Mother was the majo r source of informant in both residential and non-residential s chool girls. The frequency of changing pad was more than three times and stomach ache was the major problem faced by the girls. Majority of the girls from residential and non-residential school did not miss the classes while few took rest during their periods. While majority of them follo wed proper method of disposal of both cloth as well as sanitary pads. Hence, this is a good indicator of improvement in the hygienic practices among the school girls.
MATING BEHAVIOR OF THE MALE GREATER RHEA

Abstract During mating, and during the phases known as solitary male, harem formation, and harem, male Greater Rheas (Rhea americana) became vigilant to assure the elimination of competitors. High rates of harem defense and male expulsion were observed at the start, with levels decreasing gradually through the phases of mating, and male-male fighting mainly limited to the phase of harem formation. Courtship was nonexistent early in the mating period, reached a high level during the phases of harem formation and harem, then declined markedly just before harem breaking. The rates of all male social activities decreased significantly just before harem breaking.
Where the land ends: isolation and identity on the western edge of prehistoric Europe Donde termina la tierra: aislamiento e identidad en el borde occidental de la Europa prehistórica

This is a discussion of the prehistoric archaeology of four regions of Atlantic Europe which share similar names: Cabo Finisterre in Galicia, Finistere in Brittany, Land’s End in south-west England, and the Mull of Kintyre in the west of Scotland. They suggest that such places were cut off from their hinterland and possibly from one another. These regions shared certain features in the Medieval period, but that was equally true during prehistory. Not only did they possess common characteristics, including the importance of craft production, art styles and traditions of monuments, recent work has documented direct connections between them and particularly between Galicia and Brittany and between Brittany and Cornwall. They may have been regarded as places where the land came to an end, but any impression that they lacked wider contacts is due to the assumptions made by archaeologists who have not taken into account the social importance of seafaring.
Goodbye Reykjavik : international banking centres and the global financial crisis

This empirical paper analyses how leading international banking centres (IBCs) have been faring under the 2008 global financial crisis. We aggregate data derived from The Banker's annual list of the world's leading banks at the city level to map changing levels of Tier 1 capital between 2007 and 2008 and returns on capital in 2008. The results point to a general but nonetheless variegated shift ‘from West to East’ in the world of IBCs. The paper concludes with a brief review of the implications for future research on financial geographies in general and the geographies of the financial crisis in particular.
Euler-Euler and Euler-Lagrangian Evaluation of a Pseudo-2D Gas Fluidized Bed: An Estimation of the Wall Boundry Condition From DEM

In this work a new partial slip boundary condition for the solid phase in pseudo-2D beds is estimated from DEM simulations and implemented in a two-fluid model. The high spatial resolution of the DEM allowed us to obtain the information required for the new boundary condition, viz. the particle interaction with the walls. In addition, the new boundary condition is compared with the classical Johnson and Jackson boundary condition, which is commonly employed in two-fluid models. The variation of the parameters of the new boundary condition with the superficial gas velocity, and with the coefficients of restitution and friction for particle-particle and particlewall contacts, is studied. The results show that the coefficient of friction is the most influential parameter in the wall boundary condition.
Exposición a plaguicidas, cuidado de la salud y subjetividad

espanolEl trabajo presenta resultados parciales de investigacion relacionados con la exposicion a plaguicidas y el cuidado de la salud de los trabajadores horticolas del cinturon verde de la ciudad de Cordoba. Existen pocos estudios que den cuenta de los aspectos subjetivos que se ponen en juego en la decision de usar o no los elementos de proteccion en las situaciones de manipulacion de plaguicidas. Nos proponemos indagar mecanismos subjetivos implicados en el cuidado de la salud ante la exposicion de plaguicidas. Desde la perspectiva metodologica se trabajo con un enfoque cualitativo, privilegiando las tecnicas de entrevista en profundidad y observacion. La primera permitira captar el punto de vista de los sujetos mientras que la segunda posibilitara el acercamiento a las condiciones concretas de existencia contrastando el nivel discursivo con el de la practica cotidiana. Los instrumentos se aplicaron durante el primer cuatrimestre del ano 2011 en diferentes zonas del cinturon verde. Encontramos que los modelos familiares que sirvieron de identificacion, la percepcion de la enfermedad y la muerte a largo plazo y la negacion de los peligros de los plaguicidas evitan el uso de medidas protectoras. Las diferencias entre las percepciones y las practicas de cuidado de la salud dan cuenta de procesos de proteccion a nivel de las percepciones mientras que en las practicas los procesos destructivos estan vinculados a la exposicion sin proteccion en las situaciones de manipulacion de plaguicidas. EnglishThis work introduces partial research results related to pesticide exposure and horticulturists' health care in the City of Cordoba green belt. There are few studies that account for subjective aspects put at stake when deciding whether to use protective equipment when handling pesticides. We are determined to investigate subjective mechanisms involving health care in case of pesticide exposure. From the methodological perspective, we have worked using a qualitative approach, favoring in-depth interview and observation techniques. The first one will allow us to perceive individual's point of view while the latter will facilitate the approaching to existence concrete conditions by comparing discursive level to everyday practice level. Instruments were applied during first quarter of 2011 in different green belt areas. We have found that family models used as identification, diseases perception, long-term death, and negation of pesticide-related risks avoid using protective measures. Differences between health care perceptions and practices account for protection processes at perception level while, in practices, destructive processes are linked to exposure without protection when handling pesticides.
The factors affecting intention to adopt FAS for SMEs and to use IT in financial report: Empirical study in Central Java Indonesia

The aim of this study is to examine factors affecting the intention to adopt financial accounting standards (FAS) for small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and to use information technology (IT) for financial reporting on SMEs in Indonesia by using several models, i.e.: situational cognitive was measured by perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and self-efficacy; performance expectancy was measured by budgetary pressure and evaluation period; while social influence measured by presence of the competitors affect and the last measurement was risk preference. The issue of this research was the phenomenon that both things are still a bit carried in Indonesia, in order to preparing ASEAN economic community. The data obtained from the perception SMEs owners in some cities at Central Java Indonesia, using survey as primary data. Data analysis was using Partial Least Square to test the correlation and t-test to test the different on the two groups. The results showed that the intention to adopt FAS for SMEs construct could be explained by the variability of the eight other variables with the age of company as moderating variable by 24% while intention to use IT was 57.1%, and implementation construct can be explained by the variability of the intention to adopt FAS SMEs and use IT by 41.6%.
Composition nutritionnelle et apport énergétique du fruit de Maerua pseudopetalosa, aliment de soudure au Sénégal

Introduction . Les aliments dits de disette, dont la plupart sont des fruits, sont identifies un peu partout dans le monde tel qu’en Australie au Soudan, au Senegal, en Amerique, au Sahel et au Tchad. Les travaux realises sur ces fruits portent souvent sur leurs valeurs nutritives. Au Senegal, Maerua pseudopetalosa (Gil & Gil-Ben) De Wolf, espece de la famille des capparidacees, fournit des fruits consommables aux populations autochtones pendant la periode de soudure. Aucune etude scientifique n’a encore fait mention de la composition nutritive et de l’apport energetique du fruit de cette espece. Nos travaux ont permis d’evaluer l’apport en elements nutritifs de son fruit. Materiel et methodes . Des fruits de M. pseudopetalosa ont ete recoltes a maturite au mois de juin 2007 et mai 2008 aux alentours des villages de Kenieba et de Koussane, dans la region de Tambacounda au Senegal. Les amandes ont ete sechees et broyees pour les besoins des differents dosages. Les cendres, proteine, sucres, matieres grasses, et sels mineraux ont ete determines par des methodes d’analyse classiques normalisees. Resultats et discussions . Nos resultats ont montre que le fruit de M. pseudopetalosa etait riche en fer (26,8–45,9 mg·kg–1 ), en potassium (1098–1342 mg·100 g–1 ) et en proteine (19,26–22,06%). Cependant, le profil d’acides amines temoigne d’une mediocre qualite nutritionnelle de sa proteine. Conclusion . Il ressort de cette analyse que le fruit de M. pseudopetalosa constitue malgre tout une excellente source de nutriments et peut valablement combler certaines carences, surtout en periode de disette.
Probabilistic well-posedness for the cubic wave equation

The purpose of this article is to introduce for dispersive partial differential equations with random initial data, the notion of well-posedness (in the Hadamard-probabilistic sense). We restrict the study to one of the simplest examples of such equations: the periodic cubic semi-linear wave equation. Our contributions in this work are twofold: first we break the algebraic rigidity involved in previous works and allow much more general randomizations (general infinite product measures v.s. Gibbs measures), and second, we show that the flow that we are able to construct enjoys very nice dynamical properties, including a new notion of probabilistic continuity.
DLOW: Domain Flow for Adaptation and Generalization

In this work, we present a domain flow generation(DLOW) model to bridge two different domains by generating a continuous sequence of intermediate domains flowing from one domain to the other. The benefits of our DLOW model are two-fold. First, it is able to transfer source images into different styles in the intermediate domains. The transferred images smoothly bridge the gap between source and target domains, thus easing the domain adaptation task. Second, when multiple target domains are provided for training, our DLOW model is also able to generate new styles of images that are unseen in the training data. We implement our DLOW model based on CycleGAN. A domainness variable is introduced to guide the model to generate the desired intermediate domain images. In the inference phase, a flow of various styles of images can be obtained by varying the domainness variable. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model for both cross-domain semantic segmentation and the style generalization tasks on benchmark datasets. Our implementation is available at https://github.com/ETHRuiGong/DLOW .
Do Exporters Cut the Hedge? Who Hedges, When and Why?

We use data derived from the Longitudinal Business Database (LBD) to analyse the currency denomination and hedging behaviour of New Zealand merchandise exporters. For instance: In which currencies are New Zealand merchandise exports by country of destination denominated? Do different types of firms (e.g. by size or sector) display different hedging practices? Does the "cost" of hedging (forward points) make any difference to hedging decisions? Is hedging consistent over the exchange rate cycle or do (some) exporters selectively hedge when the exchange rate reaches historical extremes? Has selective hedging been a profitable strategy for New Zealand exporters? Our results have implications for the capability of exporters to handle exchange rate volatility and for the potential impact of exchange rate volatility on exports.
Relative contribution of submicron and supermicron particles to aerosol light scattering in the marine boundary layer

Measurements of the aerosol light scattering coefficient (σsp) at a wavelength of λ - 550 nm were conducted at a coastal atmospheric research station in the east Atlantic Ocean during June 1999. Size distribution measurements between diameters of 3 nm and 40 um (at ambient humidity) were used to derive scattering coefficients from Mie theory. The calculated scattering coefficients were about a factor of 7.4 higher than the measured scattering coefficients. The discrepancy was explained by a reduced cutoff of the sampling system at particle diameters between 6 and 8 μm, dependent on wind speed. The calculated aerosol scattering was about 1 order of magnitude higher than previously reported measurements in the MBL and is attributed to supermicrometer particles at sizes d > 10 μm dominating aerosol scattering. Copyright 2002 by the American Geophysical Union.
Mitigation of Delayed Sodium Hypochlorite-Induced Lung Injury by Phosphodiesterase Enzyme Inhibitors (PDEIs), Pentoxifylline and Theophylline, in Guinea Pigs

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI) is widely used as an industrial material as well as an ingredient in household cleaning products. Exposure to high concentrations of NaOCl, a powerful oxidant, results in acute lung injury that may proceed to delayed airway hyper responsiveness and remodeling. The present study aims at investigating the effects of two nonselective PDEIs, pentoxifylline ‘PTX’ and theophylline ‘THEO‘, versus dexamethasone ‘DEX’ on delayed airway functional and histopathological injury induced by NaOClinhalation in guinea pigs. Forty-eight guinea pigs were classified into 8 groups; 2 groups (control, 4% NaOClinhalation for 20 min) and another 6 groups were exposed to NaOCl and administrated intraperitoneally vehicle, PTX (50 mg/kg/day), THEO (50 mg/kg/day), DEX (20 mg/kg/day), PTX+DEX or THEO+DEX for 3 weeks. Guinea pigs were assessed for airway functional, biochemical and histopathological dysfunctions. Treatment with PENT or THEO, as monotherapy or in combination with DEX, reduced airway resistance and bronchial reactivity to methacholine. Similar findings were noticed with inflammatory markers such as total cell count, neutrophil percentage and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage and lung myeloperoxidase activity and neutrophil infiltration. These data were parallel to lung histopathology and Aschorft fibrosis score that were improved in treatment groups. PENT, but not THEO or DEX could ameliorate oxidative stress biomarkers, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase, in lungs. Co-administration of PENT or THEO with DEX improved the effect of DEX on NaOCl-induced airway injury. In conclusion, ‘PENT and THEO’ are effective in mitigation of delayed NaOCl-induced lung injury in guinea pigs and if these findings were to translate into actual clinical benefit, they might provide a suitable alternative to corticosteroids or at least, reduce its dose needed in management of NaOCl and chlorine-induced lung toxicity.
Quantitative real-time PCR for detecting germination of Heterosigma akashiwo and Chattonella subsalsa cysts from Delaware's Inland Bays, USA

Cyst germination of strains of the harmful algal species Heterosigma akashiwo and Chattonella subsalsa (Raphidophyceae) from Delaware's (USA) Inland Bays was studied both in the field and laboratory during the spring and early summer seasons. Quantitative real-time PCR was employed for detection and quantification of cells in natural sediments and of germinated vegetative cells in the water column. Temperature, salinity, and dissolved nutrient concentrations were exam- ined in field mesocosm experiments to identify physicochemical factors associated with germination, while the effects of temperature and light on germination were examined in laboratory experiments. We detected and monitored a wide range of cyst abundances of H. akashiwo (from 164 to 2820 cysts cm -3 wet sediment) and C. subsalsa cysts (from 2 to 135 cysts cm -3 wet sediment) in environmental sediments. Germinated H. akashiwo cells were detected in situ after temperatures reached 15°C. However, in laboratory studies, H. akashiwo germination occurred at even lower temperatures (10°C), which was considerably lower than typical germination temperatures from similar Japanese strains. In contrast, a temperature of 20°C stimulated C. subsalsa germination in both field and labo- ratory studies, although germination still occurred at low temperatures (10°C). The presence or absence of light did not affect the germination of C. subsalsa. The low quantities of detected vegeta- tive cells from cyst germination for both H. akashiwo and C. subsalsa suggest the inoculation of a small number of vegetative cells into the water column during the spring and early summer months.
"If we work hard, we can do it" a tale from an olympic (gold) medallist

The purpose of this study was to gain day-to-day insight into how an elite athlete experiences competing in the Olympic Games with regard to perceived stress, the subsequent coping efforts, and the maintenance of a positive response outcome expectancy. One Norwegian female soccer player wrote a journal throughout the pre-camp and the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney. "Tina" employed a range of coping strategies, both problem-focused and emotion focused, when faced with challenges such as feeling a lack of self-confidence and the team losing the first match. However, she kept a strong belief in her team's ability to win and had a strong positive response outcome expectancy throughout the targeted period. The team won the Olympic Gold medal and Tina attributed this achievement to the hard work everybody on the team had exhibited over a long period of time. The results of this qualitative analysis are discussed with respect to contemporary theories of stress, coping, and motivation.
Service provision on a network with endogenous consumption capacity

We present a model in which the consumers' capacity to access a service provided on a network depends negatively on the price charged by the network owner per capacity unit. Several scenarios concerning the structure of the downstream service provision market are studied. First, a monopolist operates in both the network and the service provision stage. Second, we assume duopolistic competition between the network owner and the entrant. Third, we allow for endogenous differentiation of the services provided by the two competitors. Generally speaking, the duopolistic structure does not necessarily enhance consumer surplus. Furthermore, competition in the service provision market may reduce social welfare, either due to excessive differentiation or due to a low network density.