Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Design of Tobacco Tax Collecting system for Smoking Cessation in Korea

Korea has been implementing a pricing policy that significantly increases tobacco tax to lower the smoking rate. However, there is criticism that the corrective function of the tobacco tax does not work properly, and that only opportunistic behavior of tobacco manufacturers or distributors occurred. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design a tobacco tax collecting system to enhance the corrective function of tobacco tax and to propose its effect. The study aims to design a tobacco tax collecting system and proposes a design of the process flow among the servers of the governmental tax authority, the servers of the credit card company and the terminal of the retailer, and the design of a credit card for tobacco purchase. In addition, the system design drawing is presented as a research methodology and the procedure of the work process of this system is presented. The tobacco tax collecting system can be expected to have the effect of correcting taxes and preventing the purchase of tobacco by adolescents. In particular, this system could be a way to increase the rate of quitting through tobacco tax settlement of employees, self-employed persons and pensioners. This study provides the policy implication of designing the tobacco tax collecting system in Korea and suggesting the effect of this system. Such a system can be said to be effective not only in Korea but also in countries around the world, to control tobacco consumption and to regulate and correct addictive drugs such as narcotics.
Social learning and human cooperation

Strebers hebben de halve wereld, conformisten de rest Sociaal leren heeft ervoor gezorgd dat mensen zich snel konden aanpassen aan een grote verscheidenheid aan omstandigheden op aarde. Maar er is niet veel bekend over hoe mensen sociale informatie gebruiken om hun gedrag te bepalen. In zijn proefschrift laat Lucas Molleman met behulp van experimenten zien dat mensen onderling sterk verschillen in hun sociale leerstrategieen. Sommigen - de strebers - bekijken welk gedrag tot het meeste succes leidt, terwijl anderen - de conformisten - hun gedrag laten afhangen van wat de meerderheid in hun omgeving doet. De verschillen in leerstrategieen die mensen hanteren blijken constant over verschillende sociale situaties en zijn stabiel over langere tijdspannes. Dit suggereert dat sociale leerstrategieen kunnen worden beschouwd als individuele karaktereigenschappen die wel in de persoonlijkheidspsychologie worden bestudeerd. Met behulp van wiskundige modellen en simulaties laat Molleman zien dat variatie in sociale leerstrategieen ervoor kan zorgen dat groepen efficienter kunnen samenwerken. Hij ontwikkelt ook modellen van ‘culturele evolutie’, die beschrijven hoe gedrag in een populatie verandert onder invloed van de gevonden sociale leerstrategieen. Deze laten zien dat, in tegenstelling tot wat vaak gedacht wordt, culturele evolutie lang niet altijd tot meer samenwerking leidt dan genetische evolutie. Tot slot onderzocht Molleman hoe samenwerking kan worden ondersteund door wederkerigheid (‘voor wat, hoort wat’). Met experimenten laat hij zien dat mensen verschillende redenen hebben om met anderen samen te werken: voor sommigen zijn directe interacties doorslaggevend, terwijl anderen vooral letten op hun partners reputatie. Theorieen suggereren dat stabiele samenwerking mogelijk is als het bestraffen van ‘vrijbuiters’ leidt tot een betere reputatie van de bestraffer, maar Mollemans experimenten suggereren dat maar weinig mensen zulke bestraffing belonen.
Intercultural Communication in Virtual Environment

In this paper we explore and describe aspects of intercultural communication in an Internet based virtual environment. In spite of a massive Anglo-American dominance, the Internet share of non-English language use and of participants from non-English speaking countries is steadily increasing (cf Flydal). Our study is based on observing spontaneous text-based communication in a potentially multilingual and multicultural setting, the Active Worlds multi-user VR system. The paper examines a number of features of this communication, such as length of contributions, languages used, origins of participants, types of introductions, topics, vocabulary and communication management.
Dynamic capability: The effect of digital leadership on fostering innovation capability based on market orientation

Article history: Received: April 20, 2019 Received in revised format: April 28 2019 Accepted: May 22, 2019 Available online: May 22, 2019 Industry 4.0 drives enterprises to transform their capabilities especially in innovation and their capabilities to adapt with dynamic market. The capabilities can be fostered when the leader is oriented towards digital technology and market orientation. The role of digital leadership has gained attention for studies to develop innovation and dynamic capabilities based on market orientation. Studies have been conducted on dynamic capabilities with focus on the strategy, management and economic literature including the understanding of its driving key to success. However, the study on the role of digital leadership on the development of dynamic capability based on innovation capability and market orientation has not been intensively discussed. It is argued that the development of dynamic capability and innovation capability is strongly driven from a combination of digital leadership and market orientation. Data in this study is taken from a survey conducted on 88 Indonesian telecommunication firms as a unit for analyses. The results show that digital leadership had a strong direct and indirect relationship with dynamic capability, however the strong path in developing capability is determined from the development of innovation capability that is driven from digital leadership based on market orientation. The finding reinforces the role of digital leadership as a critical influence on development of dynamic capability. Future studies are suggested to extend the research by exploring the research model to elaborate more on the impact of collaboration, leveraging a larger sample size and better statistical tools. A longitudinal study on the companies that implement the transformation based on dynamic capabilities is also recommended for future studies. © 2019 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
Strategic Design for Delivery with Trucks and Drones

Home delivery by drones as an alternative or complement to traditional delivery by trucks is attracting considerable attention from major retailers and service providers (Amazon, UPS, Google, DHL, Wal-mart, etc.), as well as several startups. While drone delivery may offer considerable economic savings, the fundamental issues of how best to deploy drones for home delivery are not well understood. Our research provides a strategic analysis for the design of hybrid truck-drone delivery systems using continuous approximation modeling techniques to derive general insights. We formulate and optimize models of hybrid truck-drone delivery, where truck-based drones make deliveries simultaneously with trucks, and compare their performance to truck-only delivery. Our results suggest that truck-drone delivery can be very advantageous economically in many settings, especially with multiple drones per truck, but that the benefits depend strongly on the relative operating costs and marginal stop costs.
Complementary approaches to tree alignment. Combining statistical and rule-based methods

Grote verzamelingen van vertaalde teksten – zogenaamde parallelle corpora - worden vaak automatisch op zins- en woordniveau gealigneerd om automatische vertaalsystemen op te trainen. Soms voegt men ook automatisch syntactische bomen aan de zinnen toe om meer taalkundige informatie eruit te kunnen halen. Als die bomen aan beide kanten verschijnen en de boomknopen ook worden gealigneerd, is er sprake van een parallelle treebank. De beste vertaalsystemen zijn bijna of helemaal puur statistisch, maar in recente jaren ontstond er een grotere nadruk op de integratie van meer taalkundig gemotiveerde data, waaronder ook het gebruik van parallel treebanks. Ze zijn echter alleen op een zeer grote schaal bruikbaar, omdat er door zo een systeem veel te leren is van hoe een taal typisch naar een andere moet worden omgezet. Daarom onderzoeken we technieken om automatisch de boomknopen accuraat te aligneren. Een bijkomend motief is het feit dat parallel treebanks ook voor andere applicaties bruikbaar zijn en als taalbronnen zelf van wetenschappelijk belang zijn. Het hele proces van het aligneren van knopen noemen wij tree alignment. Wij vinden dat een combinatie van statistiche en regelgebaseerde technieken met relatief weinig trainingsgegevens en weinig features zeer accurate alignments kan produceren. Ten slotte vinden we dat, wanneer wij alignments die relatief heel veel knopen aligneren – al zijn sommigen soms fout – op een syntactisch gebaseerde systeem toepassen, dat tot verbeterde automatische vertaling leidt, in vergelijking met hetzelfde systeem die op minder maar meer accurate alignments getrained is.
Optimal Analysis of Joint Masked-Beamforming in Secure Wireless Communication

In this paper, we considered the joint masked- beamforming in secure wireless transmission in which artificial noise is sent by the transmitter (Alice) and the receiver (Bob) jointly. A new and efficient optimization scheme is proposed to separately allocate the power ratio for Alice and assign the transmit antenna for Bob. It is proved that when Bob's artificial noise is high enough, Alice should allocate less proportion of her power to the artificial noise. The proposed model combined with proper parameter design can achieve optimal secrecy performance.
North Central Region 4-H Volunteers: Documenting Their Contributions and Volunteer Development

Documenting volunteer contributions strengthens Extension partnerships with volunteers. A team of North Central Region 4-H volunteer specialists collaborated to conduct a study of 4-H volunteer contributions and impacts related to working with youth within the 4-H program. Over three thousand (3,332) 4-H volunteers from throughout the 12-state North Central Region completed the survey. Volunteers are critical partners to the success of 4-H, making it possible for millions of young people to have access to 4-H programs.
Molecular quantum similarity in QSAR: applications in computer-aided molecular design

La present tesi esta centrada en l'us de la Teoria de Semblanca Quantica per a calcular descriptors moleculars. Aquests descriptors s'utilitzen com a parametres estructurals per a derivar correlacions entre l'estructura i la funcio o activitat experimental per a un conjunt de compostos. Els estudis de Relacions Quantitatives Estructura-Activitat son d'especial interes per al disseny racional de molecules assistit per ordinador i, en particular, per al disseny de farmacs. Aquesta memoria consta de quatre parts diferenciades. En els dos primers blocs es revisen els fonaments de la teoria de semblanca quantica, aixi com l'aproximacio topologica basada en la teoria de grafs. Ambdues teories es fan servir per a calcular els descriptors moleculars. En el segon bloc, s'ha de remarcar la programacio i implementacio de programari per a calcular els anomenats indexs topologics de semblanca quantica. La tercera seccio detalla les bases de les Relacions Quantitatives Estructura-Activitat i, finalment, el darrer apartat recull els resultats d'aplicacio obtinguts per a diferents sistemes biologics.
An Empirical Study of User Acceptance of Fee-Based Online Content

Despite the fee-based online content's popularity and potential for extensive growth, its service provision as a business model is struggling to establish itself. This study is intended to identify the factors that influence customers' adoption of the fee-based online content services. Based on theories and findings from various fields, this study attempts to answer the following questions: (1) Does cost really matter in adopting the fee-based online content services? ; (2) What are salient factors that explain customer adoption of online content services provision? ; and (3) How are the characteristics between user groups different according to the type of online content? This study surveyed Internet users in Korea which has the highest Internet penetration rate in the world. The results of this empirical study indicate that the existence of an alternative free online content service and ease of use do not significantly affect customers' adoption of fee-based online content. Thus, online content providers need to segment buyers according to their needs and preferences, and execute their focused market strategy. Finally this paper provides a detailed account of how customers perceive and accept fee-based online content services.
Hubungan antara Stres Oksidatif dengan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Penderita Thalassemia/Hbe

Pemberian transfusi darah kronik pada penderita thalassemia dapat menyebabkan kelebihan kadar besi. Kelebihan kadar besi bebas dalam tubuh akan memacu timbulnya oksidan berupa reactive oxygen species (ROS) yang diukur dalam bentuk malondialdehide (MDA). Peningkatan produksi ROS dapat menyebabkan kerusakan membran sel yang mengandung senyawa lipid termasuk eritrosit. T ujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai hubungan antara kadar MDA serum dengan kadar Hb penderita thalassemia. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional kohort prospective dilaksanakan di UTD PMI Kota Semarang. Selama bulan Januari 2006 sampai dengan Desember 2009 dijumpai 32 penderita thalassemia/HbE. Variabel penelitian kadar Hb dan MDA serum. Pengukuran dilakukan sebelum transfusi ke-1, setelah transfusi ke-1 dan sebelum transfusi ke-2. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney, uji Wilcoxon dan uji korelasi Spearman. Rerata umur subjek penelitian adalah 9,5± 3,13 tahun, laki-laki adalah 25 orang (46,9%) dan perempuan 17 orang (53,1%). Status gizi 43,8 % termasuk gizi kurang. Kadar MDA kelompok Hb sebelum transfusi ke-2 8 g/dL 2,89±0,451 dan kelompok Hb >8 g/dL 2,19±0,792 (p=0,01). Ada korelasi negatif antara Hb sebelum transfusi ke-2 dengan MDA (r=min 0,52; p=0,002). Dapat disimpulkan ada korelasi negatif antara kadar MDA serum dengan kadar Hb pada penderita thalassemia /HbE. Kata Kunci: Hemoglobin, MDA, stres oksidatif , thalassemia /HbE
Granting forgiveness: State and trait evidence for genetic and gender indirect effects through empathy

ABSTRACT This research advances the forgiveness literature by identifying genetic and gender predictors that operate through empathy. In a sample of 202 (101 males, 101 females), both the oxytocin receptor gene single nucleotide polymorphism rs53576 and gender had indirect effects on trait forgiveness through trait empathy. Furthermore, rs53576 and gender had indirect effects on state interpersonal forgiveness through trait empathy and state empathy for one’s real-life offender. Simulation-based regression analyses with 10,000 repetitions on an additive model showed stronger evidence for the effect of gender (females > males) than rs53576 (GGs > A-carriers) on most empathy and forgiveness measures. Further, rs53576 effects on empathy were stronger at the state than trait level. Overall, this work advances knowledge of interpersonal forgiveness predictors, shows the importance of balancing gender with sufficient sample sizes in studies of rs53576, points to the value of investigating state empathy effects and demonstrates genetic and gender indirect effects on forgiveness through empathy.
MLVCNN: Multi-Loop-View Convolutional Neural Network for 3D Shape Retrieval

3D shape retrieval has attracted much attention and become a hot topic in computer vision field recently.With the development of deep learning, 3D shape retrieval has also made great progress and many view-based methods have been introduced in recent years. However, how to represent 3D shapes better is still a challenging problem. At the same time, the intrinsic hierarchical associations among views still have not been well utilized. In order to tackle these problems, in this paper, we propose a multi-loop-view convolutional neural network (MLVCNN) framework for 3D shape retrieval. In this method, multiple groups of views are extracted from different loop directions first. Given these multiple loop views, the proposed MLVCNN framework introduces a hierarchical view-loop-shape architecture, i.e., the view level, the loop level, and the shape level, to conduct 3D shape representation from different scales. In the view-level, a convolutional neural network is first trained to extract view features. Then, the proposed Loop Normalization and LSTM are utilized for each loop of view to generate the loop-level features, which considering the intrinsic associations of the different views in the same loop. Finally, all the loop-level descriptors are combined into a shape-level descriptor for 3D shape representation, which is used for 3D shape retrieval. Our proposed method has been evaluated on the public 3D shape benchmark, i.e., ModelNet40. Experiments and comparisons with the state-of-the-art methods show that the proposed MLVCNN method can achieve significant performance improvement on 3D shape retrieval tasks. Our MLVCNN outperforms the state-of-the-art methods by the mAP of 4.84% in 3D shape retrieval task. We have also evaluated the performance of the proposed method on the 3D shape classification task where MLVCNN also achieves superior performance compared with recent methods.
Do Healthcare Professionals Comprehend Standardized Symbols Present on Medical Device Packaging?: An Important Factor in the Fight Over Label Space

Objective: Evaluate the ability of healthcare providers from the US to comprehend internationally standardized symbols placed on medical device packaging. Participants: Eighty‐six healthcare providers attending the Association of Surgical Technologists (AST) Instructors' Forum (Savannah, GA February 2014), the 46th Annual AST National Conference (Denver, CO May 2014), or members of the same organization that responded to a targeted email blast. Measures: We adapted the comprehension portion of ISO 9186‐1: 2007 to test 38 standardized symbols developed for the medical device industry. Participants were asked to provide an open‐ended response regarding the meaning of each symbol. Survey responses were categorized into five levels of comprehension: correct, wrong, opposite, don't know or no response. Symbols receiving response rates of ≥85% in the correct category were considered successful. Conversely, if responses categorized as opposite were ≥5%, symbols were considered ‘critically confusing. ’ Main Results: Six of 38 symbols were classified as ‘successful’; five of the six had text (in English) imbedded within. Three out of the 38 were categorized as ‘critically confusing’; they were not only misunderstood, but, in fact, interpreted to mean the opposite of what was intended by ≥5% of participants surveyed. Conclusions: Given that the medical device industry in the US has requested permission from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to use stand‐alone symbols to better harmonize with EU Directives, the exploration of healthcare providers' comprehension of the same is an important and timely topic. Our work suggests that symbols commonly incorporated into the labeling of medical devices may not be readily understood at present. As such, policy decisions should be carefully considered. Limitations: Although we provided participants with a general context of use (i.e. these symbols are used on medical devices), the specific part of the hospital, or type of procedure where the symbol would be found was not noted. Further research to evaluate symbol comprehension with specific context (e.g. IVD, general procedure, etc.) is recommended.
Knowledge and practices of school foodservice personnel regarding whole grain foods

Based on recent dietary guidance, whole grain foods are being served more frequently in school meals. To examine the knowledge and practices of 43 school foodservice personnel (SFP) from eight school districts, semi-structured focus groups were conducted regarding whole grain foods. Qualitative data analysis procedures were used to generate common themes. SFP indicated a limited knowledge about whole grain foods, ingredient definitions and use of product label information related to ordering and purchasing. SFP had little awareness of the specific disease-related health benefits of whole grains. Major barriers related to students' whole grain consumption were less desirable sensory characteristics, a lack of available products and cost. Potential approaches to promote whole grain foods in school cafeterias included gradual introduction, eye appeal and masking taste. This research is beneficial in identifying areas that SFP can improve their knowledge and skills regarding the effective use of whole grain foods in schools.
Polish experience with immunoglobulin replacement treatment by subcutaneous infusion

Immunoglobulin replacement therapy, regardless of the route of infusion, is the mainstay of treatment for patients affected by a variety of immunodeficiencies, particularly by primary antibody deficiency (PAD). Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy has been the most important and effective method of treatment. Unfortunately, in some patients it can cause life- threating adverse effects, while others present with poor vein access. That is why the subcutaneous immunoglobulin therapy is recommended for some patients. A comparison of clinical course, safety and efficacy of intravenous and post-registration subcutaneous immunoglobulin was carried out on a group of 15 patients aged between 3.8 yrs and 25 yrs with a diagnosis of primary antibody deficiency. The study showed that replacement therapy with subcutaneous gammaglobulin, given by patients or parents at home in a one week regimen is a safe and effective way to care for patients with PAD. The side effects are rare, being less frequent than in IVIG. The vast majority of patients experienced the local tissue reactions, which did not need any treatment and resolved themselves within less than one day. One child with a previous adverse event due to intravenous immunoglobulin presented with the mild to moderate side effects to SCIG. SCIG home therapy is an appreciated therapeutic alternative for adults and children with PAD.
Pricing in practice in consumer markets

Abstract This article offers a theory of pricing in consumer markets that relates cost-plus pricing and value-based pricing to price competition and price leadership, including, in particular, competitive price leadership as defined by Kenneth Boulding. It also argues that the basic question in Keynesian economics is why firms choose prices such that production is restricted by sales, not why prices, once chosen, can be “sticky. ” And finally it shows that a firm’s labor demand depends on its sales at the price it sets and not on its “real wage. ”