Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of rat corneal angiogenesis by a nuclease-resistant RNA aptamer specific for angiopoietin-2

Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) appears to be a naturally occurring antagonist of the endothelial receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2, an important regulator of vascular stability. Destabilization of the endothelium by Ang2 is believed to potentiate the actions of proangiogenic growth factors. To investigate the specific role of Ang2 in the adult vasculature, we generated a nuclease-resistant RNA aptamer that binds and inhibits Ang2 but not the related Tie2 agonist, angiopoietin-1. Local delivery of this aptamer but not a partially scrambled mutant aptamer inhibited basic fibroblast growth factor-mediated neovascularization in the rat corneal micropocket angiogenesis assay. These in vivo data directly demonstrate that a specific inhibitor of Ang2 can act as an antiangiogenic agent.
Maternal‐fetal transfer of selenium in the mouse

Selenoprotein P (Sepp1) is taken up by receptor‐mediated endocytosis for its selenium. The other extracellular selenoprotein, glutathione peroxidase‐3 (Gpx3), has not been shown to transport selenium. Mice with genetic alterations of Sepp1, the Sepp1 receptors apolipoprotein E receptor‐2 (apoER2) and megalin, and Gpx3 were used to investigate maternalfetal selenium transfer. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) showed receptor‐independent uptake of Sepp1 and Gpx3 in the same vesicles of d‐13 visceral yolk sac cells, suggesting uptake by pinocytosis. ICC also showed apoER2‐mediated uptake of maternal Sepp1 in the d‐18 placenta. Thus, two selenoprotein‐dependent maternalfetal selenium transfer mechanisms were identified. Selenium was quantified in d‐18 fetuses with the mechanisms disrupted. Maternal Sepp1 deletion, which lowers maternal whole‐body selenium, decreased fetal selenium under selenium‐adequate conditions but deletion of fetal apoER2 did not. Fetal apoER2 deletion did decrease fetal selenium, by 51%, under selenium‐deficient conditions, verifying function of the placental Sepp1‐apoER2 mechanism. Maternal Gpx3 deletion decreased fetal selenium, by 13%, but only under selenium‐deficient conditions. These findings indicate that the selenoprotein uptake mechanisms ensure selenium transfer to the fetus under selenium‐deficient conditions. The failure of their disruptions (apoER2 deletion, Gpx3 deletion) to affect fetal selenium under selenium‐adequate conditions indicates the existence of an additional maternal‐fetal selenium transfer mechanism. —Burk, R. F. , Olson, G. E. , Hill, K. E. , Winfrey, V. P., Motley, A. K. , and Kurokawa, S. , Maternal‐fetal transfer of selenium in the mouse. FASEB J. 27, 3249–3256 (2013). www.fasebj. org
THE ROLE OF DEME SIZE, REPRODUCTIVE PATTERNS, AND DISPERSAL IN THE DYNAMICS OF t‐LETHAL HAPLOTYPES

The t‐lethal haplotypes (t) found in house mouse (Mus musculus) populations are recessive lethals favored by gametic selection whereby male heterozygotes exhibit a non‐Mendelian transmission ratio of about 95% t. The expected equilibrium frequency is 0.385; however, empirical values are lower, averaging close to 0.13. We examined the hypothesis that interdemic selection is the cause of the low empirical values by using a deme‐structured simulation model that included overlapping generations, a realistic breeding system, differential deme productivity, and a large total population. We found that under some conditions interdemic selection could lower t frequency below 0.13 in the face of immigration rates up to 5%. Low frequencies were correlated with effective deme size (ne), regardless of whether ne was changed through changing deme size (n) or through changing the proportion of breeding adults. Earlier workers showed how the first two phases of interdemic selection (random genetic differentiation and mass selection) interacted to reduce the haplotype frequency, but here we show the importance of the third phase (differential productivity of demes) once demes are linked by dispersal. The effect of this phase is not due to the (negative) covariation between deme productivity and haplotype frequency, but occurs when differential deme productivity generates a difference in t frequency between the population of juveniles recruited into their natal deme and the population of juvenile dispersers. This difference was maximized when the average productivity of demes was low, either because few adult females bred at any one time and/or because fecundity was low. Contrary to an earlier prediction, male‐biased dispersal also reduced haplotype frequency, and this probably stems from the relative excess of wild‐type genotypes among dispersers compared to the deme residents. Another unexpected finding was that the randomly generated excess of heterozygotes (FIS < 0) found in small demes favored t haplotypes; however, the effect was only seen when the more powerful influence of the third phase of interdemic selection was removed. Simulations of neutral polymorphisms showed that a deme structure giving FST ≤ 0.6 is inconsistent with a haplotype frequency below 0.13. Based on current empirical estimates of FST (about 0.2), we concluded that immigration rates in the field are too high for interdemic selection alone to cause the observed deficit of lethal haplotypes. One factor that could combine with population structure effects is the observation that the transmission ratio is lowered to around 0.6 in litters produced from postpartum estrus (PPE). Incorporating this factor, we showed that interdemic selection could be effective in lowering the frequency of t below 0.13 when FST was above 0.43 even when migration rates were up to 10%. These results suggest that if empirical haplotype and FST estimates are accurate, then additional factors such as a lowered fitness of heterozygotes may be involved.
The effect of catechol‐O‐methyltransferase polymorphisms on pain is modified by depressive symptoms

Variations within the catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) gene have been associated with pain severity in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Psychological factors such as personal conflicts, life stress and depression, are well known to be associated with onset, severity and chronicity of pain disorders.
Studies in listeriosis show the strong symbiosis between the innate cellular system and the T‐cell response

Summary: Resistance to infection with Listeria monocytogenes involves a series of cellular interactions, many of which are carried on by cytokines. Macrophages. NK cells and neutrophils participate in early stages of Listeria resistance. The neutrophil is specially important for clearance of the liver phase of listeriosis. Macrophages and NK cells interact by way of IL‐12 and TNF, which induce the NK cell to produce IFN‐γ. IFN‐γ 'S the major macrophage‐activating cytokine. The CB‐I7 SCID mouse shows these cellular interactions restricting the growth of Listeria, without its elimination. CD4 and/or CDS T cells bring about sterilizing immunity, Macrophages influence the lymphocyte response by way of antigen presentation and also by promoting Th1 differentiation, Thus, elimination of Listeria requires a symbiosis between innate immunity and the T‐cell system.
Basolateral ion transporters involved in colonic epithelial electrolyte absorption, anion secretion and cellular homeostasis

Electrolyte transporters located in the basolateral membrane of the colonic epithelium are increasingly appreciated as elaborately regulated components of specific transport functions and cellular homeostasis: During electrolyte absorption, Na+/K+ ATPase, Cl− conductance, Cl−/HCO3− exchange, K+/Cl− cotransport and K+ channels are candidates for basolateral Na+, Cl− and K+ extrusion. The process of colonic anion secretion involves basolateral Na+/K+/2Cl−, and probably also Na+/HCO3− cotransport, as well as Na+/K+ ATPase and K+ channels to supply substrate, stabilize the membrane potential and generate driving force respectively. Together with a multitude of additional transport systems, Na+/H+ exchange and Na+/HCO3− cotransport have been implicated in colonocyte pHi and volume homeostasis. The purpose of this article is to summarize recently gathered information on the molecular identity, function and regulation of the involved basolateral transport systems in native tissue. Furthermore, we discuss how these findings can help to integrate these systems into the transport function and the cellular homoeostasis of colonic epithelial cells. Finally, disturbances of basolateral electrolyte transport during disease states such as mucosal inflammation will be reviewed.
Research on economic optimal operation of microgrid

Microgrid can effectively integrates micro-sources, loads and energy storage devices; can make economic and environmental benefits by using new energy power generation; can better meet the requirements of customers for higher power quality and reliability of power supply. The optimal operation of the microgrid is a complex optimization problem, which contains multi-goal and multiple constraint situations. In this paper, it takes the minimum economic cost and the smallest power loss of the microgrid as the objective function, considers a variety of constraints then builds a multi-objective function model for the optimal operation of microgrid. This article improves the chaos optimization algorithm and applies this algorithm to the optimization of microgrid. The simulation results verify that the proposed chaos optimization algorithman commendably achieve optimal operation of microgrid under multi-objective.
Serologic response of patients with shiga dysentery.

The serologic response of patients with bacillary dysentery (Shigella dysenteriae type 1) was tested by passive hemagglutination, and the results suggest that the test can become a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of this disease. Passive hemagglutination, using cell-wall O polysaccharide from various Shigella, proved to be highly specific for detection of antibodies in rabbit and human sera. Sera from 281 patients with bacillary dysentery had antibodies by the second day after onset of the disease. Maximal titers were reached by the eighth or ninth day. In half of the patients antibody titers fell to nonsignificant levels (< 1:40) by the fifth or sixth month. Antibodies to S. dysenteriae type 1 were sensitive to treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol. On the basis of this sensitivity, their hemagglutinating capacity, early appearance, and rapid catabolism, it appears probable that the antibodies to S. dysenteriae type 1 are in the IgM fraction of serum.
Initial multi‐centre observations upon the effect of a new topical negative pressure device upon patient and clinician experience and the treatment of wounds

Topical Negative Pressure (TNP) has become an accepted intervention in wound healing with a growing body of scientific literature supporting the effectiveness of TNP across a wide variety of wound aetiologies. The range of TNP devices has also increased with perhaps the primary distinction being between those TNP devices that employ gauze or foam as a wound dressing. This study reports preliminary multi‐centre observations upon the use of a new gauze based TNP device in the treatment of wounds. Across 3 study centres twenty‐nine subjects were recruited to the study with 8 presenting with leg ulcers, 8 with pressure ulcers, 12 with acute or surgical wounds and 1 with a non‐healing burn injury. Wounds were then treated with the new TNP therapy for a maximum of 17 days (range 2–17 days). There appeared to be a trend for subjects with leg ulcers to be treated for longer (mean duration 12.9 days) compared to subjects with pressure ulcers (mean duration 6.5 days) or those with surgical wounds (mean duration 8.2 days). Given the relatively short duration of the TNP therapy no wound completely healed although 22/29 (75.9%) showed reductions in surface area per day of treatment with all but 1 pressure ulcer and 1 leg ulcer responding positively to treatment. While not an RCT, this and similar cohort studies may be central to the future selection of TNP devices given the increasing importance of the role of the user interface to reduce the likelihood of incorrect use and sub‐optimal outcomes.
Longitudinal survey of carbapenem resistance and resistance mechanisms in Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenters from the USA in 2007-09.

BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance is problematic in Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, and is often associated with serious infections. Carbapenems are often one of the few remaining therapeutic options, so it is important to monitor carbapenem activity against these pathogens and to identify resistance mechanisms. METHODS Carbapenem susceptibilities were determined for 14 359 Enterobacteriaceae, 3614 P. aeruginosa and 994 A. baumannii from the USA (2007-09). Klebsiella pneumoniae with doripenem MICs ≥2 mg/L (n = 88), and P. aeruginosa (n = 452), A. baumannii (n = 349) and other enterics (n = 13) with doripenem MICs ≥4 mg/L were screened for carbapenem resistance mechanisms. RESULTS Doripenem/meropenem and imipenem susceptibilities for Enterobacteriaceae were >99% and 89%, respectively. Doripenem susceptibility (2007-09) for P. aeruginosa was 87.4%-84.1%; comparable to meropenem and higher than imipenem. For A. baumannii, doripenem susceptibility (2007-09) was 63%-58.2%; lower than imipenem and meropenem. Resistant K. pneumoniae had KPC and lacked porins OmpK35/OmpK36. In 2009, 3.4% of all K. pneumoniae possessed KPC. Five other enterics and one P. aeruginosa possessed KPC. Resistance mechanisms in P. aeruginosa were loss of porin OprD (90%), efflux (55%) and elevated AmpC activity (25%). Acquired carbapenemases OXA-23/-24 were present in 48% of resistant A. baumannii. VIM metallo-β-lactamases were present in three P. aeruginosa and one A. baumannii isolates. CONCLUSIONS Doripenem and meropenem were more active than imipenem against Enterobacteriaceae and P. aeruginosa from the USA. Carbapenem resistance mechanisms included serine carbapenemases, elevated AmpC activity, efflux and porin deficiencies occurring mostly in P. aeruginosa. Metallo-β-lactamases were found in <0.1% of isolates.
Effect of Education on Prevention of Domestic Violence against Women

Objective Family violence, specifically domestic violence, has been identified by the medical community as a serious, no remitting epidemic with adverse health consequences. World Health Organization(WHO) has stated that violence against women is a priority issue in the fields of health and human rights. A quasi experimental study were conducted in different faculties of Tehran University of Medical Sciences to determine the effect of teaching on prevention of domestic violence against female employees. Methods Forty four women working in various faculties of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2004 were selected. A designed questionnaire was given to the participants to identify kinds, causes and consequences of domestic violence. Then an educational booklet was given to subjects. This booklet contained information about kinds, causes and consequences of domestic violence and how to manage them. To compare the impact of teaching, the same questionnaires were distributed among the subjects after six months. The questionnaire was specifically tested for content validity. Results The results indicated that the incidence rate of domestic violence pre test and post test education was 5.17%. Conclusion Our study showed that education had no effect on domestic violence. Solving problems relating to domestic violence due to cardinal roots in short time seems to be impossible and impracticable.
Burden on Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy: Predictors and Related Factors* Carga de los cuidadores de niños con parálisis cerebral: predictores y factores relacionados

The main objective of this research was to explore which factors best predict the occurrence of burden on primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Understanding these factors enables the identification of those caregivers at risk of having their physical and psychological health adversely affected, and the implementation of intervention strategies to reduce the negative impact of caring on parents of children with chronic medical con -ditions. The study sample consisted of a total of 62 caregivers (89% women) aged between 30 and 54 years (Mean = 41.98,
Action recognition with novel high-level pose features

Recently high-level pose features (HLPF) have been shown to be efficient for action recognition in joint-annotated tasks. However, the relative positions between pairs of joints in actual situations and the spatio-temporal information are not considered in constructing HLPF. To tackle their problems, we propose a set of novel high-level pose features (NHLPF). Specifically, considering that the distances between adjacent pairs of joints usually remain unchanged, we propose a horizontally relative position feature and a vertically relative position feature. In addition, a joint inner product feature is proposed to code the spatial information among each triplet of joints. To code temporal information, we calculate the trajectories of the above-mentioned three types of features as corresponding trajectory features. Furthermore, to combine the spatial and temporal information, we present a joint energy change feature, which is designed using observations of the magnitude and direction of the force between joints. We evaluate our NHLPF on a benchmark dataset. The results show that NHPLF are superior features for action recognition.
Late complications after percutaneous tracheostomy and oral intubation: Evaluation of 1,628 procedures

In large international studies, upper airway–related stenosis, granulomas, malacias, and laryngeal nerve palsies following percutaneous tracheostomy have an estimated incidence of 6% to 31%. The incidence following prolonged oral intubation is estimated to be 10% to 22%. The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of late complications in our unit.
Direct Synthesis of Lamin A, Bypassing Prelamin A Processing, Causes Misshapen Nuclei in Fibroblasts but No Detectable Pathology in Mice*

Lamin A, a key component of the nuclear lamina, is generated from prelamin A by four post-translational processing steps: farnesylation, endoproteolytic release of the last three amino acids of the protein, methylation of the C-terminal farnesylcysteine, and finally, endoproteolytic release of the last 15 amino acids of the protein (including the farnesylcysteine methyl ester). The last cleavage step, mediated by ZMPSTE24, releases mature lamin A. This processing scheme has been conserved through vertebrate evolution and is widely assumed to be crucial for targeting lamin A to the nuclear envelope. However, its physiologic importance has never been tested. To address this issue, we created mice with a “mature lamin A-only” allele (LmnaLAO), which contains a stop codon immediately after the last codon of mature lamin A. Thus, LmnaLAO/LAO mice synthesize mature lamin A directly, bypassing prelamin A synthesis and processing. The levels of mature lamin A in LmnaLAO/LAO mice were indistinguishable from those in “prelamin A-only” mice (LmnaPLAO/PLAO), where all of the lamin A is produced from prelamin A. LmnaLAO/LAO exhibited normal body weights and had no detectable disease phenotypes. A higher frequency of nuclear blebs was observed in LmnaLAO/LAO embryonic fibroblasts; however, the mature lamin A in the tissues of LmnaLAO/LAO mice was positioned normally at the nuclear rim. We conclude that prelamin A processing is dispensable in mice and that direct synthesis of mature lamin A has little if any effect on the targeting of lamin A to the nuclear rim in mouse tissues.
No-show as a cause of surgical cancellation: A mini review from a Middle Eastern perspective

© 2017 Saudi Journal of Anesthesia | Published by Wolters Kluwer ‐ Medknow Abdulaziz AA, et al. [1] reported the 34% of nonshow among the reasons of surgical cancellation (SC) on the analysis of no‐show patients at day surgery program in a multidisciplinary 1500‐bedded hospital. Although it was a prospectively‐designed study, the authors did not give a good clarification for this high percentage of nonshow. As they mentioned, 36% of the patients did not answer over the phone, 30% had personal problems, and 9% thought that the surgeries were canceled by the hospital. We hoped for a better explanation for such miscommunication errors and what could be behind personal problems.
Comparison of COAP and UW-19 protocols for dogs with multicentric lymphoma.

BACKGROUND Various chemotherapy protocols for treating lymphoma in dogs have been published; however, comparison of protocols from different studies is difficult, especially when evaluating survival time and toxicoses. HYPOTHESIS The choice of COAP (C, cyclophosphamide; O, vincristine; A, cytosine arabinoside; P, prednisone) and a modified University of Wisconsin 19-week (UW-19) induction protocol has no influence on overall survival times in dogs with lymphoma. ANIMALS One hundred and one dogs with multicentric lymphoma. METHODS Retrospective study (2001-2006). Dogs induced with either an 8-week COP-based protocol (C, cyclophosphamide; O, vincristine; and P, prednisone) with maintenance therapy (COAP group) or a 19-week CHOP (C, cyclophosphamide; H, doxorubicin; O, vincristine; and P, prednisone) based protocol (UW-19 group) were compared in terms of the duration of first remission, survival time, toxicoses, and cost. RESULTS There were 71 dogs in the COAP group and 30 dogs in the UW-19 group. Various protocols were used after the first relapse. The median duration of the first remission for the COAP and UW-19 groups were 94 days (range, 6-356 days) and 174 days (28-438 days), respectively (P < .01). The median survival times for dogs in the COAP and UW-19 groups were 309 days (6-620 days) and 275 days (70-1102+ days), respectively (P = .09). Dogs in the COAP group had a hazard ratio of 1.9 (95% CI 1.1-3.4) for death relative to the UW-19 group (P = .03), after controlling for the confounders (World Health Organization clinical stage, age, sex, use of doxorubicin during reinduction). The severity of neutropenia and gastrointestinal toxicoses were significantly higher in the UW-19 group than in the COAP group (P = .01 and P < .01, respectively). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Use of a long-term doxorubicin-containing sequential combination chemotherapy protocol is associated with a decreased risk of relapse and death relative to a non-doxorubicin-containing protocol.
INFLAMMATORY MARKERS AND THE RISK OF ALZHEIMER DISEASE: THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY

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