Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The use of vismodegib to shrink keratocystic odontogenic tumors in patients with basal cell nevus syndrome.

IMPORTANCE Keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) of the jaw affect more than 65% of patients with basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS). Surgery frequently causes facial disfigurement and is not always curative. Most BCNS-related and some sporadic KCOTs have malignant activation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway. OBSERVATIONS We examined the effect of vismodegib (an oral Hedgehog pathway inhibitor) on KCOT size in patients with BCNS enrolled in a clinical trial testing vismodegib for basal cell carcinoma prevention (NCT00957229), using pretreatment and posttreatment magnetic resonance imaging. Four men and 2 women had pretreatment KCOTs (mean longest diameter, 2.0 cm; range, 0.7-3.3 cm), occurring primarily in the mandible. Patients were treated with vismodegib, 150 mg/d, for a mean (SD) of 18.0 (4.8) months (range, 11-24 months). Four patients experienced a size reduction and 2 had no change. Vismodegib reduced the mean longest diameter of KCOTs in all patients by 1.0 cm (95% CI, 0.03-1.94; P = .02) or 50% from baseline. We observed no enlargement of existing KCOTs or new KCOT development. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Vismodegib shrinks some KCOTs in patients with BCNS and may offer an alternative to surgical therapy. These effects were maintained for at least 9 months after drug cessation in 1 patient. Further studies assessing long-term efficacy and optimal maintenance regimens should be performed.
Conserved quantitative stability/flexibility relationships (QSFR) in an orthologous RNase H pair

Many reports qualitatively describe conserved stability and flexibility profiles across protein families, but biophysical modeling schemes have not been available to robustly quantify both. Here we investigate an orthologous RNase H pair by using a minimal distance constraint model (DCM). The DCM is an all atom microscopic model [Jacobs and Dallakyan, Biophys J 2005;88(2):903–915] that accurately reproduces heat capacity measurements [Livesay et al., FEBS Lett 2004;576(3):468–476], and is unique in its ability to harmoniously calculate thermodynamic stability and flexibility in practical computing times. Consequently, quantified stability/flexibility relationships (QSFR) can be determined using the DCM. For the first time, a comparative QSFR analysis is performed, serving as a paradigm study to illustrate the utility of a QSFR analysis for elucidating evolutionarily conserved stability and flexibility profiles. Despite global conservation of QSFR profiles, distinct enthalpy‐entropy compensation mechanisms are identified between the RNase H pair. In both cases, local flexibility metrics parallel H/D exchange experiments by correctly identifying the folding core and several flexible regions. Remarkably, at appropriately shifted temperatures (e.g., melting temperature), these differences lead to a global conservation in Landau free energy landscapes, which directly relate thermodynamic stability to global flexibility. Using ensemble‐based sampling within free energy basins, rigidly, and flexibly correlated regions are quantified through cooperativity correlation plots. Five conserved flexible regions are identified within the structures of the orthologous pair. Evolutionary conservation of these flexibly correlated regions is strongly suggestive of their catalytic importance. Conclusions made herein are demonstrated to be robust with respect to the DCM parameterization. Proteins 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genome‐wide association scan of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Results of behavioral genetic and molecular genetic studies have converged to suggest that genes substantially contribute to the development of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a common disorder with an onset in childhood. Yet, despite numerous linkage and candidate gene studies, strongly consistent and replicable association has eluded detection. To search for ADHD susceptibility genes, we genotyped approximately 600,000 SNPs in 958 ADHD affected family trios. After cleaning the data, we analyzed 438,784 SNPs in 2,803 individuals comprising 909 complete trios using ADHD diagnosis as phenotype. We present the initial TDT findings as well as considerations for cleaning family‐based TDT data. None of the SNP association tests achieved genome‐wide significance, indicating that larger samples may be required to identify risk loci for ADHD. We additionally identify a systemic bias in family‐based association, and suggest that variable missing genotype rates may be the source of this bias. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative radiographic assessment of a new bioceramic-based root canal sealer

Background and aims The aim of this study was to assess the radiopacity of two bioceramic-based root canal sealers, the conventional TotalFill BC sealer (FKG Dentaire Switzerland) and a new experimental filling material developed in collaboration with ‘Raluca Ripan’ Institute for Research in Chemistry, Cluj-Napoca. Methods Five disc samples were prepared using both materials (10 mm diameter × 1 mm thickness), being subjected to digital radiography together with aluminum step wedges (1 to 12 mm in thickness), in accordance with ISO 6876: 2012. Radiopacity was determined by the computer analysis of the images obtained. Four different areas were selected for each sample, corresponding to a disk-sample quadrant. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA. Results Both materials showed a radiopacity that was 3 mm greater than the equivalent thickness of aluminum. Total Fill BC showed greater radiopacity than the experimental material, but the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions Both materials comply with ISO 6876: 2012 recommendations on minimum radiopacity.
MoodyLyrics: A Sentiment Annotated Lyrics Dataset

Music emotion recognition and recommendations today are changing the way people find and listen to their preferred musical tracks. Emotion recognition of songs is mostly based on feature extraction and learning from available datasets. In this work we take a different approach utilizing content words of lyrics and their valence and arousal norms in affect lexicons only. We use this method to annotate each song with one of the four emotion categories of Russell's model, and also to construct MoodyLyrics, a large dataset of lyrics that will be available for public use. For evaluation we utilized another lyrics dataset as ground truth and achieved an accuracy of 74.25 %. Our results confirm that valence is a better discriminator of mood than arousal. The results also prove that music mood recognition or annotation can be achieved with good accuracy even without subjective human feedback or user tags, when they are not available.
Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Tinnitus and Tinnitus-Related Handicap in a College-Aged Population

Objective: Tinnitus is a common otological condition that affects almost 10% of US adults. Research suggests that college students are vulnerable to tinnitus and hearing loss as they are exposed to traumatic levels of noise on a regular basis. Tinnitus and its influence in daily living continue to be underappreciated in the college-aged population. Therefore, the objective for the present study was to analyze prevalence and associated risk factors of tinnitus and tinnitus-related handicap in a sample of college-aged students. Design: A survey was administered to 678 students aged 18–30 years in a cross-section of randomly selected university classes. The survey was adopted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010). It inquired about demographic details, medical and audiological history, routine noise exposure, smoking, sound level tolerance, tinnitus, and tinnitus-related handicap in daily living. Tinnitus-related handicap was assessed by the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). Participants were divided into four groups: chronic tinnitus (bothersome tinnitus for >1 year), acute tinnitus (bothersome tinnitus for ⩽1 year), subacute tinnitus (at least one experience of tinnitus in a lifetime), and no tinnitus (no experience of tinnitus in a lifetime). Results: The prevalence of chronic, acute, subacute, and no tinnitus was 8.4%, 13.0%, 37.9%, and 40.7% respectively. Almost 9% of subjects with any form of tinnitus reported more than a slight tinnitus-related handicap (i.e., THI score ≥18). A multinomial regression analysis revealed that individuals with high noise exposure, high sound level tolerance score, recurring ear infections, and self-reported hearing loss had high odds of chronic tinnitus. Females showed higher prevalence of acute tinnitus than males. Individuals with European American ethnicity and smoking history showed high odds of reporting subacute tinnitus. Almost 10% of the subjects reported that they were music students. The prevalence of chronic, acute, and subacute tinnitus was 11.3%, 22.5%, and 32.4%, respectively, for musicians, which was significantly higher than that for nonmusicians. Music exposure, firearm noise exposure, and occupational noise exposure were significantly correlated with tinnitus. Temporal characteristics of tinnitus, self-reported tinnitus loudness, and sound level tolerance were identified as major predictors for the overall THI score. Conclusions: Despite the reluctance to complain about tinnitus, a substantial portion of college-aged individuals reported tinnitus experience and its adverse influence in daily living. It was concluded that environmental and health-related factors can trigger tinnitus perception, while self-reported psychoacoustic descriptors of tinnitus may explain perceived tinnitus-related handicap in daily living by college-aged individuals. Future research is required to explore effects of tinnitus on educational achievements, social interaction, and vocational aspects of college students.
Homing of transplanted bone marrow cells in livers of Schistosoma mansoni‐infected mice

Elkhafif N, Voss B, Hammam O, Yehia H, Mansy S, Akl M, Boehm S, Mahmoud S, El Bendary O, El Fandy G. Homing of transplanted bone marrow cells in livers of Schistosoma mansoni‐infected mice. APMIS 2010; 118: 277–87.
Diminished Ciprofloxacin-Induced Chondrotoxicity by Supplementation with Magnesium and Vitamin E in Immature Rats

ABSTRACT Quinolone-induced chondrotoxicity in juvenile rats and multiple other species has been demonstrated previously. Identical damages can be induced in immature rats by feeding them a magnesium-deficient diet. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether, in reverse, oral supplementation with magnesium, vitamin E, or both can diminish the typical quinolone-induced arthropathy in juvenile Wistar rats. Four groups of 12 (6 male, 6 female) 24-day-old Wistar rats were each fed either normal feed (group A), a vitamin E-enriched diet (group B), a magnesium-enriched diet (group C), or a diet enriched with both vitamin E and magnesium (group D) for 10 days. All rats received two subcutaneous ciprofloxacin doses of 600 mg/kg of body weight on postnatal day 32. Two days later, the rats were sacrificed and cartilage samples from knee joints were examined under a light microscope for the presence of typical quinolone-induced joint cartilage lesions. In addition, magnesium, calcium, and vitamin E concentrations in cartilage and plasma were determined. In the samples from rats fed a normal diet (group A), 17 quinolone-induced joint cartilage lesions were observed. In groups fed an enriched diet, the incidence of specific lesions (n) was significantly lower: group B, n = 10 (41% reduction compared to the incidence for group A; P < 0.05); group C, n = 6 (65% reduction; P < 0.01); and group D, n = 3 (82% reduction; P < 0.01). In comparison to the standard diet, diets with magnesium and vitamin E supplementation resulted in significantly higher magnesium and vitamin E concentrations in plasma and articular cartilage. Supplementation with magnesium and vitamin E alone or in combination may relevantly diminish joint cartilage lesions induced by quinolones in immature rats, with an additive effect of combined supplementation. The data further support the proposed pathomechanism of quinolone-induced arthropathy and the crucial role of magnesium in immature joint cartilage.
Superposition of Episodic Memories: Overdistribution and Quantum Models

Memory exhibits episodic superposition, an analog of the quantum superposition of physical states: Before a cue for a presented or unpresented item is administered on a memory test, the item has the simultaneous potential to occupy all members of a mutually exclusive set of episodic states, though it occupies only one of those states after the cue is administered. This phenomenon can be modeled with a nonadditive probability model called overdistribution (OD), which implements fuzzy-trace theory's distinction between verbatim and gist representations. We show that it can also be modeled based on quantum probability theory. A quantum episodic memory (QEM) model is developed, which is derived from quantum probability theory but also implements the process conceptions of global matching memory models. OD and QEM have different strengths, and the current challenge is to identify contrasting empirical predictions that can be used to pit them against each other.
Calidad y costos en la educación en Colombia, mirada a colegios públicos, Privados y en concesión

En el presente articulo se pretende realizar un analisis en relacion a la division de la educacion en Colombia la cual esta dividida entre colegios publicos, privados y en concesion, se presenta un comparacion entre los costos que tiene la educacion e inversion que tiene el estado por estudiante anualmente. Adicionalmente, hay una comparacion entre la inversion que tiene los paises desarrollados, los paises de la region y Colombia en relacion de la educacion mostrando el poco nivel de inversion que tiene el pais. Finalmente, se hace una comparacion entre los colegio publicos, privados y en concesion en relacion a su calidad con respecto a los resultados de las pruebas Saber 11 de septiembre del 2014 para poder hacer una evaluacion de la efectividad en la calidad de los colegio en concesion dado que a nivel monetario representan una disminucion grande de costos.
Rapid Resolution of Enterovirus 71-Associated Opsoclonus Myoclonus Syndrome on Intravenous Immunoglobulin

Nonparaneoplastic opsoclonus–myoclonus ataxia syndrome is a rare neuroinflammatory condition featured by opsoclonus, myoclonus, ataxia, and cognitive behavioral disturbance. The authors report an observation of enterovirus 71-associated opsoclonus–myoclonus ataxia syndrome evolving toward full recovery on intravenous intravenous immunoglobulin (IG) treatment. Based on this case report, enterovirus 71 should be added to the list of infectious agents likely involved in opsoclonus–myoclonus ataxia syndrome, including the emerging subgroup of opsoclonus–myoclonus ataxia syndrome recovering without aggressive or prolonged immunosuppressive intervention. Further studies are mandatory to define the precise role, incidence, treatment, and outcome of enterovirus 71 and other infectious agents in benign forms of opsoclonus–myoclonus ataxia syndrome.
An Expanding Aboriginal Domain: Mobility and the Initiation Journey

Some pre-circumcision candidates in the Western Desert culture area are taken on a journey to gather people for the final ceremony. Since Aboriginal people started to own cars in the 1960s, these journeys have expanded to such an extent that the outward journey discussed by the A. covered 2250 km. The question of why it is the initiation ceremony, rather than some other ceremonial form, that is becoming the basis for the integration of this expanding Aboriginal domain is addressed and the fragmentary evidence on the historical growth of the journeys presented. Three kinds of ceremonial integration are distinguished and a suggestion made as to why it is the initiation form that is the focus of this expansion.
Scand J Urol Nephrol 22: 93-99, 1988

"'t Abstract. A previous study demonstrated a strong but short· lasting suction through the catheter eyes by a hydro-dynamically generated negative pressure fluctuation terminating bladder evacuation in some frequently occurring cir· cumstances of indwelling catheter drainage. This report regards the biological effect. Fifteen successive evacuations on such drainage conditions in each of 4 anesthetized pigs were followed by cystectomy and histological examination. All bladders presented small swollen areas, histologically showing localized mucosal elevations dominated by edema of lamina propria and submucosa, occasionally with urothelial thinning or defects. Drainage with suction prevented in 3 animals caused normal bladders. The changes were similar to those following hydro-statical suction and much like those of the "polypoid cystitis" so commonly occurring with indwelling catheters. This suggests both types of suction by ordinary drainage as a major pathogenetic factor in the latter condition. The clini al significance and the occurrence during regimes of straight drainage or intermittent clamping are discussed.
[Endoscopic therapy of pre-patellar bursitis].

Prepatellar bursitis often results from sport-specific activities (e.g. wrestling, soccer, volleyball or ice hockey) or from work-related injuries (e.g. concrete finishing). In such cases, when conservative therapy is not successful, the bursa must be openly removed. Over a period of five years, our clinic conducted a total of 22 arthroscopic bursectomies. The following describes the endoscopic surgery, the postoperative clinical treatment and the results of the associated therapy. A follow-up examination of 22 patients were clinically revealed as successful operation. In one case a recurring bursitis was diagnosed, which deemed necessary an open bursectomy. Six of the patients were professional-caliber athletes (wrestlers, soccer and ice hockey players) and were able to return to their competitive sports following 24 days of rehabilitation. The average return-to-work time was 18 days. It is our opinion that endoscopic bursectomy of bursitis prepatellaris is a less radical and promising technique, given the fact that it can be performed an on out-patient basis using local anaesthesia.
Field solution of a type-II superconducting thin-film planar asymmetric transmission line in the mixed state

By using the electrodynamic field equations for a type-II superconductor in the mixed state, a sinusoidal wave solution is derived for an asymmetric high-T/sub c/ superconducting transmission line in the presence of vortices. This solution can be used to numerically demonstrate the dependence of the slow mode propagation on the temperature, frequency, and static magnetic field. The effects of vortices on propagation characteristics in a superconducting strip line are thus elucidated.
Cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis: The Holy Grail of disease transmission

Tuberculosis retains its foothold among human populations despite increasing implementation of highly effective control measures around the world. High-burden countries would benefit from interventions that decrease disease transmission. As the majority of new cases of tuberculosis arise from patients with cavitary pulmonary disease, strategies targeting this group of patients could significantly impact disease transmission, as well as improve cure rates and decrease antimicrobial resistance. Pulmonary cavities develop late in the course of tuberculous disease, and a preponderance of the evidence suggests that the host immune response is instrumental in producing these lesions. Data from mice, rabbits and humans suggest a role for tissue-damaging enzymes released from macrophages and neutrophils and the inflammatory effects of tumour necrosis factor, interferon-y, interleukin-4 (IL-4), and IL-12 in cavity formation. Less well studied has been the pathogen's contribution to this process, although various mycobacterial factors, including lipoarabinomannan, ESAT-6, and cord factor, are known to directly cause or exacerbate tissue damage. A major obstacle to the study of this characteristic human lesion - the lack of a rapid and reproducible animal model - has been overcome by a recently-developed bronchoscopic rabbit model of cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis. Exploring this model with current immunology and molecular techniques is expected to yield new insights into the pathogenesis and prevention of this destructive process.
Inverted HMM - a Proof of Concept

In this work, we propose an inverted hidden Markov model (HMM) approach to automatic speech and handwriting recognition that naturally incorporates discriminative, artificial neural network based label distributions. Instead of aligning each input frame to a state label as in the standard HMM derivation, we propose to inversely align each element of an HMM state label sequence to a single input frame. This enables an integrated discriminative model that may be trained end-to-end from scratch or starting from an existing alignment path. The approach does not assume the usual decomposition into a separate (generative) acoustic model and a language model, and allows for a variety of model assumptions, incl. statistical variants of attention. Here, an initial proof-of-concept with experiments on the RIMES handwritten word recognition task is provided. For this initial experiment, model assumptions for the inverted HMM were chosen that are similar to those for a standard (hybrid) HMM and a similar LSTM-based network design was used. The experimental results show that this initial approach already performs similar to hybrid HMM, CTC, and a sequence-to-sequence approach using attention.
Anti-Metastatic Study of Liposome-Encapsulated All trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) in B16F10 Melanoma Cells-Implanted C57BL/6 Mice

B16F10 cells-induced C57BL/6 mice were divided into several groups and the free all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and liposome-encapsulated ATRA were given for 21 days. The encapsulated ATRA treatment lowered the oxidative stress and lipid profile near to the normal level in the drug-treated mice. Encapsulated ATRA treatment showed substantial decrease in serum cytokines and increase in lifespan when compared with free ATRA treatment. These results imply that the liposome-encapsulated ATRA may help to achieve a higher level of ATRA in comparison with free ATRA treatment and helps to enhance anticancer drug delivery in liposome-encapsulated ATRA treatment.
THE ROLE OF LATE PRE-CONTACT COLONIAL ENCLAVES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE POSTCLASSIC UCAREO VALLEY, MICHOACAN, MEXICO

Abstract According to ethnohistoric sources, northeastern Michoacan became incorporated into the eastern frontier of the Tarascan empire during the mid-1400s. At that time, the region was multiethnic in character, with enclaves of foreigners living within communities as well as making up whole communities. Recent investigation in the Ucareo-Zinapecuaro source area uncovered evidence of an earlier foreign enclave consisting of two settlements in the Ucareo Valley whose ceramics are distinct from those of neighboring sites while indistinguishable from those of Epiclassic Huamango in the Acambay region of the Toluca Basin. The implications of these data alongside Ucareo obsidian exploitation and its role in the construction of the Protohistoric Tarascan–Aztec frontier are considered along with the results of preliminary chronometric dating.