Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Searching for Answers or Creating More Questions? A Response to Robinson

Grappling with the issues of equity and excellence has become evermore complex, solutions seem more and more remote as the divides between socioeconomic groups become greater and greater, and the ethnic diversity of the student population continues to present ever-increasing stress on the educational system. Robinson's concerns that redress to inequities has been at the expense of a particular subgroup of gifted students are serious. The concerns should spark an important discussion within the field of gifted education and should be an impetus for further examination of the long-term consequences of short-term efforts to achieve equity. As Robinson noted, we may not be achieving equity for any group when we engage in educationally unsound decision making. While the interpretations that Robinson offered of the responses to gifted students and gifted programs are well grounded, I would like to offer some expanded thinking on several of the interpretations she put forward, present some alternative observations and interpretations, and raise related questions about our assumptions in the field of gifted education—and in the field of education, in general—that may have led us astray. I would first like to separate the responses to the equity issues that Robinson has identified as negative—the elimination of self-contained classrooms and the ever-increasing alternative strategies for identifying students from underserved populations—because I see the genesis of these movements resting in different spheres.
Learning to Summarize Radiology Findings

The Impression section of a radiology report summarizes crucial radiology findings in natural language and plays a central role in communicating these findings to physicians. However, the process of generating impressions by summarizing findings is time-consuming for radiologists and prone to errors. We propose to automate the generation of radiology impressions with neural sequence-to-sequence learning. We further propose a customized neural model for this task which learns to encode the study background information and use this information to guide the decoding process. On a large dataset of radiology reports collected from actual hospital studies, our model outperforms existing non-neural and neural baselines under the ROUGE metrics. In a blind experiment, a board-certified radiologist indicated that 67% of sampled system summaries are at least as good as the corresponding human-written summaries, suggesting significant clinical validity. To our knowledge our work represents the first attempt in this direction.
Evaluation of an Anxiety-prevention and Positive-coping Program (FRIENDS) for Children and Adolescents of Non-English-speaking Background

This study aimed to (a) appraise the efficacy of a well validated Anglo-Australian anxiety-prevention and stress-resiliency program (FRIENDS) for use with culturally diverse migrant groups residing in Australia, (b) examine the social validity of FRIENDS, and (c) obtain information from both participants and facilitators regarding how the program can best be modified for specific use with non-English-speaking background (NESB) clients. To test the efficacy of the intervention, pre- and post-intervention evaluation of internalising symptoms and coping ability were compared with waiting-list control groups (matched according to ethnic group, gender, and school level). One hundred and six primary and ninety-eight high school students differentiated by cultural origin (former-Yugoslavian, Chinese, and mixed-ethnic) and school level (primary and high school), completed standardised measures of internalising symptoms and were allocated to either an intervention ( n = 121) or a waiting-list ( n = 83) condition. Both groups were readministered the assessment package for comparison following a 10-week treatment or waiting period. Consistent with a recent pilot study, pre/post-assessment indicated that participants in the intervention condition exhibited lower anxiety and a more positive future outlook than waiting-list participants. Participating students reported to be highly satisfied with the intervention. Despite the overall success of FRIENDS, the program may be enhanced by culturally sensitive supplements so that the program is more applicable for use with NESB participants. Suggestions for treatment program modifications of FRIENDS are discussed.
Perspective taking in Dyadic Interactions: Influences of Cooperation and Competition on Third Person Representation of Movement

Similar processes between a third person representation and a first person representation may be at work in understanding the limitations of another. These processes may lead to errors in estimating the abilities of another by anchoring those estimates to one’s own abilities. A study designed to test how interactive conditions may mediate these processes. It was hypothesized that, due to an increase in interdependence, an individual would show a higher degree of difference between his or her own abilities and those of another when cooperating, compared to non-interactive conditions. It was also hypothesized that competition, due in part to a lack of diffusion of responsibility, would show significantly higher differences than those individuals cooperating. The study included a physical task designed to create conditions of cooperation, competition, and a non-interactive condition between two individuals. One individual in each condition was given weighted gloves to simulate a handicap. Following the interaction, participants estimated the amount of effort it would take for themselves and the amount of effort it would take for the other person to complete a number of simple actions that were designed to interact with the handicap by either being harder to complete, easier to complete, or no difference in effort to complete when wearing the handicap. Results
Death to the Privacy Calculus?

The “privacy calculus” has been used extensively to describe how people make privacy-related decisions. At the same time, many researchers have found that such decisions are often anything but calculated. More recently, the privacy calculus has been used in service of machine learning approaches to privacy. This position paper discusses the practical and ethical questions that arise from this use of the privacy calculus.
BIOMECHANICS OF TURNING MANOEUVRES IN STELLER SEA LIONS ( EUMETOPIAS JUBATUS )

Otariids such as the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) are among the most manoeuvrable of marine mammals (expressed as a minimum turning radius and speed during manoeuvres). They evolved in terrestrial and aquatic environments that are structurally complex, and feed on prey that are an order of magnitude smaller than themselves. Compared to other aquatic organisms, Steller sea lions have an unstable body design and are presumed to invoke swimming techniques that reflect their need to be highly manoeuvrable. Detailed information was experimentally obtained about the turning techniques employed by otariids through jointly analysing kinematic and kinetic parameters measured from video recordings of three captive Steller sea lions. Centripetal force and thrust production were determined by examining body movements throughout a series of turns. Results showed that most of the thrust was produced during the power phase of the stroke cycle of the pectoral flippers. As opposed to previous findings, very little or no thrust was generated during initial abduction of the pectoral flippers and during the final drag-based paddling style of the stroke cycle. Peak of the thrust force was reached halfway through the power phase, while the centripetal force reached its maximum value at the beginning of the power phase. Kinematic aspects of the manoeuvres changed with the tightness of the turns and the initial velocities. The degree of dorsal flexion of the body changed with the turning radius and the degree of flipper abduction varied with swimming speed. However, the general manoeuvring technique and turning sequence remained the same in all the recorded manoeuvres. Contrasting the turning performance of the Steller sea lion with a simple dynamic model of unpowered manoeuvres in aquatic animals showed significant departures from model predictions due to the hydrodynamic effects of body movements. Overall, the turning sequence of the Steller sea lion was found to be very consistent, and their manoeuvrability was found to come from their ability to vary the duration and intensity of movements within the turning sequence.
Abusing CDNs for Fun and Profit: Security Issues in CDNs' Origin Validation

Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) are critical Internet infrastructure. Besides high availability and high performance, CDNs also provide security services such as anti-DoS and Web Application Firewalls to CDN-powered websites. However, the massive resources of CDNs may also be leveraged by attackers exploiting their architectural, implementation, or operational weaknesses. In this paper, we show that today's CDN operation is overly loose in customer-controlled forwarding policy and the lack of origin validation leads to a wide range of abuse cases such as DoS attack and stealthy port scan. We systematically study these abuse cases and demonstrate their feasibility in popular CDNs. Further, we evaluate the impact of these abuses by discovering that there are millions of CDN edge servers, and a substantial fraction of them can be abused. Lastly, we propose mitigation solutions against such abuses and discuss their feasibility.
Free amino acid profile of Bubalus bubalis L. meat from the Campania region

In this study, we determined the amount of carnosine and anserine in water buffalo meat without hanging treatment and the free amino acid profile by using amino acid analyser with post-column ninhydrin derivatization procedure. The main free amino acids present in samples were glutamic acid (>60 mg/100 g), followed by alanine, glycine, and arginine. Other protein amino acids were detected in minor amounts (less than 2 mg/100 g). Among the non-protein amine-containing compounds, taurine and urea were the most abundant. The analysis showed that 50% of the total free amino acids was represented by dipeptides carnosine (average ~130.3 mg/100 g) and anserine (average ~17.9 mg/100 g). Thus, this study for the first time reports the free amino acids profile of water buffalo meat and the content of carnosine and anserine, potentially involved in the darkening meat process and their ratio, that could be used to estimate the water buffalo meat portion in mixed meat products.
Scrum Methodology in Higher Education: Innovation in Teaching, Learning and Assessment

The present paper aims to detail the experience developed in a classroom of English Studies from the Spanish University of Malaga, where an alternative project-based learning methodology has been implemented. Such methodology is inspired by scrum sessions widely extended in technological companies where staff members work in teams and are assigned tasks within long-termed projects. Students were initially reluctant and afraid to work in teams but, as the experience advanced, their point of view was changing. Thus they positively stated that this methodology encouraged themselves to participate and to change ideas, with a deeper feeling of empathy, self-organisation and self-knowledge. At the end, most of the students declared they would participate again in a similar activity. Hence, considering the opinions from the students (and also from the teachers), and after observing the whole experience and analyzing the documents generated in an electronic portfolio, we think this method can be considered as a good proposal to accomplish a teaching-learning process of high quality at universities for three main reasons: first, it improves the capacity of using the knowledge in a disciplined, critical and creative way; second, it promotes the coexistence in heterogeneous human groups; and third, it develops the capacity of thinking, living and acting with complete autonomy.
Reverse Surgery (“Liver-First Approach”) for Hepatic Metastases from BreastCancer: Case Report

Background: Hepatic resection for liver metastasis from breast cancer (LMBC) can lead to long-term survival. Since BC has been a very sensitive neoplasm to both chemotherapy and targeted therapy, surgical resection of residual LMBC after systemic therapy has presented an important role to attain long-term survival. Reverse approach (“liver-first approach”) has been performed for liver metastasis from colorectal cancer (LMCRC), especially to the multiple synchronic metastases that have presented partial response after systemic treatment. Case Report: LMBC in young female who has undergone successful “liver-first approach” after partial response to systemic therapy. At first, she underwent open right hepatectomy with caudate lobectomy and atypical resection of three small lesions in left lobe. After two postoperative cycles of chemotherapy associated a target therapy, she has finally submitted a radical mastectomy and selective axillary lymphadenectomy. To date, thirty-two months after hepatic resection, she is alive without any recurrence. Conclusion: Reverse approach for LMBC by means chemo-targeted therapy associated a HR may lead a long-term survival in selected cases as we have observed in this report. In fact, new studies must be performed to answer if this strategy can be validated.
Developing a Participatory Pedagogical and Multidisciplinary Approach for Integrating HIV/AIDS into University Curriculum

The current framework for integrating HIV/AIDS into university curriculum is mainly informed by the need to make HIV/AIDS education relevant to specific disciplines, and to equip graduates with necessary skills to respond to HIV/AIDS in their professional capacities. This strategy mainly emphasizes content and knowledge and largely ignores the current context in which students live and make sexual decisions. This paper explores the opportunities for utilizing multidisciplinary, and participatory integrated HIV/AIDS education programmes to address sexual risk-taking and students’ vulnerabilities to HIV/AIDS within their university campuses. It examines students’ preferences regarding development and implementation of HIV/AIDS programmes based on the findings of a PhD study conducted at three universities in KwaZulu-Natal province. Data was obtained through a questionnaire survey involving 1400 students, and in-depth interviews with 24 students and three HIV/AIDS coordinators drawn from across the three universities. Non-participant observations were also conducted at each of the three universities. Study findings indicate that participatory programmes and those that have an entertainment component demonstrate currency within student communities. Students rejected the didactic approach undertaken by some communication programmes with some participants arguing that “young people don’t want be told what to do”. A comparative semiotic analysis of HIV/AIDS posters within university campuses revealed a huge disparity between posters designed by students and those obtained from national communication campaigns. The choice of imagery and semantic codes differed significantly. The paper suggests the adoption of a Freirian pedagogical methodology in implementing an integrated and multidisciplinary HIV/AIDS education programmes so as to generate conditions in which students are able to reflect on their own realities and personalize the risk of HIV infection.
Modularisation in two Global Product Developing Companies – Current State and Future Outlook

Modularisation and platform strategies enable efficient utilization of resources through economies of scale and are therefore increasingly important for manufacturing companies. On the product side, modules are often considered the basis of product platforms by enabling a variety of product variants by combining interchangeable modules into different products. On the pro-cess side, modularisation enables faster and cheaper development of new product variants by reusing physical components, interfaces, and production equipment. The benefits of product platforms and modularisation have led two global product developing and manufacturing companies to initiate research projects within this field. The companies have previously made unsuccessful attempts to implement modularisation founded on a component-based approach and the firms are now searching for other methods to get the benefits of modularisation. This paper describes the initial state of practice in modularisation and product platforms in the two companies in their attempts to move from a purely physical approach to modularisation into the universal view that is presented in the Design Platform approach. Here, a platform is viewed as an evolutionary entity involving several company assets such as processes, knowledge, methods, and relationships which are essential to gain the benefits of platforms also in the development phase. The Design Platform contains various concrete resources such as the geometry of physical components, but also in homogeneous resources such as design rules, pro-cesses, methods and design automation. The results point to specific barriers that the companies experience when trying to adopt a mod-modularisation strategy. Several barriers are experienced by both companies while some are specific for one of the companies. Through several workshops, the concepts of the Design Platform and a flexible view on modularisation are introduced, and their possibilities are elaborated and ap-preciated by the workshop participants.
Relations Among Multiple Types of Peer Victimization, Reactivity to Peer Victimization, and Academic Achievement in Fifth-Grade Boys and Girls

This study examined the relations between multiple types of peer victimization, affective reactivity to victimization, and academic achievement. Participants (179 fifth-grade boys and girls) completed repeated daily measures of peer victimization and negative affect; a standardized measure of achievement was collected concurrently. The daily measure of peer victimization was best represented by five factors: physical victimization, verbal victimization, social manipulation, property attacks, and social rebuff. While controlling for race/ethnicity, children’s reports of being socially manipulated by peers were negatively related to their overall achievement. In addition, affective reactivity to social manipulation negatively related to achievement while accounting for reported experiences of social manipulation. No other victimization or reactivity variables related to achievement. Findings are discussed with a focus on implications for school bullying prevention and intervention.
Experimental study of the molecular reorientation induced by the ordinary wave in a nematic liquid crystal film

When an s-polarized laser beam impinges on a homeotropically aligned film of nematic liquid crystal at small incident angle, undamped oscillations of the molecular director may be produced. At high beam intensities the oscillations break up into deterministic chaos. Although this effect has been known for a long time and the route to chaos has been qualitatively analysed, no detailed study of the actual molecular director motion has been carried out. We have designed an experimental apparatus to monitor the dynamics of the molecular director, as described by its two polar angles. We observed different dynamical regimes, depending on the laser intensity: steady states, ocillations, rotation and, at the highest laser intensities, deterministic chaos. Moreover, the transitions between the oscillation and rotation regimes are characterized by intermittency.
Semen Quality Characteristics and Effect of Mating Ratio on Reproductive Performance of Hubbard Broiler Breeders

A study was conducted at the National Animal Production Research Institute (NAPRI) Shika, Zaria, Nigeria to access some semen quality characteristics and to determine the effect of mating ratio on fertility and hatchability of Hubbard broiler breeders. 20 cocks were examined for semen quality characteristics. Parameters evaluated were: ejaculate volume, semen pH, sperm concentration and sperm motility. Sequel to semen quality evaluation, hens were divided into three groups according to mating ratio (cock to hen) which included ratios 1:6, 1:7 and 1:8 with each group replicated 3 times. Each replicate was housed separately in pens. Hatchable eggs were collected after ten days grace period of mating and were set in the incubator. There were six hatches and fertility and hatchability parameters were calculated. Results obtained for semen quality characteristics showed that mean values for volume (ml) was 0.55±0.04, motility (%) was 83.50, concentration was 3.91x10 9 /ml, pH was 7.40 and average body weight was 4.73 kg. Correlations between the semen quality characteristics and body weight showed that pH was negatively but not significantly correlated with volume, concentration and body weight. The correlation between volume and concentration was high (0.92) and highly significant (p 0.05). Mating ratio significantly (p<0.05) affected number of eggs fertile, number hatched and percent fertile. Birds mated in the ratio of 1:6 had the highest values for number fertile, number hatch and percent fertile but not significantly different from ratio 1:8. However the birds in the ratio of 1:7 had similar performance with those in the ratio 1:8 for percent fertile. High and significant correlation between ejaculate volume and concentration indicated that large ejaculate volume resulted in high concentration. Mating ratio of 1:6 was recommended to enhance fertility and hatchability especially in pedigree hatching.
Effect of Annealing Temperature on Prepared Nanoparticles Li-Ferrite Using Positron Annihilation Lifetime Technique

Lithium ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by a sol-gel auto-combustion method. For prepared samples, the nanograins were increased with increasing the annealing temperature. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was used to study defects at different sites for nanograins Li-ferrites. The analysis of the PAL spectrum indicated two lifetime components τ1 and τ2 for the annihilation of the positrons, and their corresponding relative intensities I1% and I2%. For nanoparticles Li-ferrite there are correlations between: 1) I2, τ2, annealing temperature and the total porosity (Pt) with the grain size; 2) I1, μi, Ms and the homogeneity with grain size.
Factors Affecting Turkish Students' Achievement in Mathematics.

Following past researches, student background, learning strategies, self-related cognitions in mathematics and school climate variables were important for achievement. The purpose of this study was to identify a number of factors that represent the relationship among sets of interrelated variables using principal component factor analysis and examine the contribution of each factor to the explanation of the variance in the students' mathematics score using multiple regression analysis. The sample was prepared from students who participated in Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) in Turkey. These data consisted of 3765 15 year-old Turkish students in 158 schools. The results showed that four factors under study totally accounted for approximately 34 percent of the variance in mathematics achievement. All of the factors had statistically significant effects on the achievement. The findings are very important for Turkish education system because the fact that changing school climate and improving the learning strategies are much easier to achieve than changing background factors affecting students' performance.