Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
"If only I weren't" versus "if only I hadn't": distinguishing shame and guilt in counterfactual thinking.

The role of counterfactual thinking in 2 emotions--shame and guilt--was examined. In 1 series of studies, Ss read about situations evocative of shame and guilt or described personal experiences of guilt or shame. They then generated counterfactual alternatives to "undo" the distressing outcomes. Consistent with predictions derived from Tangney (1991), Ss tended to undo shame situations by altering qualities of the self and to undo guilt situations by altering actions. In a 2nd series of studies, Ss imagined themselves in a situation that could evoke either guilt or shame. Ss were then led to mutate the self or behavior to undo the situation. Mutation manipulations amplified shame and guilt such that the former Ss anticipated feeling greater shame, whereas the latter anticipated feeling greater guilt. The role of counterfactual thinking in specific emotions and in differentiating shame- and guilt-prone personalities is discussed.
Harta dan Hak Kepemilikan dalam Perspektif Al Qur'an

Penelitian ini berjudul Harta dan Kepemilikan dalam Perspektif al-Qur’an, dengan rumusan masalah 1. Bagaimana konsep harta dalam perspektif al-Qur’an? 2. Bagaimana hak kepemilikan harta dalam perspektif al-Qur’an? Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan Harta dan hak Kepemilikan yang diambil dari ayat-ayat al-Qur’an. Berawal dari tujuan tersebut, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi ayat-ayat harta di dalam al-Qur’an, mengembangkan pemahaman penelitian sendiri terhadap makna harta, fungsi harta, kedudukan harta, cara memperoleh harta dan hak kepemilikan. Selain itu, tujuan lain dari penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan implementasi hak kepemilikan harta dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, jenis penelitian ini adalah library research (penelitian kepustakaan). Penyajian tafsirnya dengan pendekatan tematik analisis. Pendekatan yang dilakukan ini untuk menjelaskan kandungan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an secara keseluruhan dengan jalan menghimpun ayat-ayat yang subtansi pesannya berhubungan dengan tema yang diambil. Setelah dilakukan penelitian dari segi ayat-ayat yang membahas tentang harta, dapat disimpulkan bahwasanya konsep harta menurut beberapa mufassir pun telah dijelaskan di dalam bukunya. Seperti pendapat Muhammad Sirrin dan Qatadah yang mengemukakan bahwa sebagian harta adalah hak-hak fakir miskin, yang karenanya diwajibkan untuk berzakat. Ibnu Abbas pun berpendapat, bahwa sebagian harta yang haq bukan hanya sekedar berzakat, melainkan menyisihkan sebagian harta untuk fakir miskin (tidak hanya pada waktu berzakat). Sedangkan hak kepemilikan harta yaitu manusia boleh memiliki harta asalkan ketika memperoleh harta dengan cara yang baik dan memanfaatkannya dengan cara yang baik juga.
Alemtuzumab (CAMPATH-1H) for the Treatment of Acute Rejection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Long-Term Follow-Up

Background. Alemtuzumab (MabCampath, Campath-1H) is a lymphocyte-depleting monoclonal antibody increasingly used in renal transplantation. This article reports the long-term follow-up data from the first series of patients treated with alemtuzumab for biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR). Methods. Fifteen patients were identified who had received alemtuzumab for BPAR between November 1991 and June 1994. Patient and allograft survival were compared with a control group consisting of 25 patients with BPAR from the same era treated with intravenous methyl prednisolone, and with a contemporaneous UK renal transplant cohort. Results. All rejection episodes responded to treatment with alemtuzumab but there was an excess of early infection-associated death in this group. Long-term transplant survival was similar in both groups as was allograft function (mean creatinine concentration at 10 years was 143 &mgr;mol/L in alemtuzumab cohort and 183 &mgr;mol/L in control cohort, P=0.06). There was no excess incidence of malignancy or cytomegalovirus infection in this prolonged follow-up period.
The Wnt pathway, epithelial–stromal interactions, and malignant progression in phyllodes tumours

In a previous study of phyllodes tumours, it has been shown that both the stroma and the epithelium can exhibit distinct molecular changes, suggesting that both are part of the neoplastic process. In view of this finding, it was decided to study stromal–epithelial interactions in these tumours by examining the Wnt–APC–β‐catenin pathway. β‐catenin and cyclin D1 immunohistochemistry was performed on 119 phyllodes tumours. Eighty‐six (72%) showed stromal nuclear β‐catenin localization and in 57% the staining was moderate or strong; however, of the eight malignant tumours in the series, seven showed absent or weak nuclear staining (p<0.025). In no tumour was nuclear β‐catenin staining seen in the epithelial component. Moderate or strong stromal cyclin D1 staining correlated with nuclear stromal β‐catenin staining (p<0.05). Forty‐five of the tumours, including two malignant lesions, were screened for β‐catenin exon 3 mutations using SSCP and sequencing, but none was found. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the marker D5S346 was used to infer APC mutation, but only one (benign) tumour showed LOH. Wnt2 and Wnt5a mRNA was localized by in situ hybridization in 13 cases (three malignant) chosen to reflect the different β‐catenin staining patterns. There was an association between strong nuclear β‐catenin staining of stromal cells and epithelial Wnt5a expression (p<0.0015). These data suggest that stromal proliferation in benign phyllodes tumours relies on abnormalities in the Wnt pathway which result not from mutation, but from Wnt5a expression in the epithelium. In the progression to malignancy, the stromal proliferation appears to become independent of the Wnt pathway and, presumably, of the epithelial component of these tumours. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Plasticity Versus Environmental Canalization: Population Differences in Thermal Responses Along a Latitudinal Gradient in Drosophila serrata

The phenotypic plasticity of traits, defined as the ability of a genotype to express different phenotypic values of the trait across a range of environments, can vary between habitats depending on levels of temporal and spatial heterogeneity. Other traits can be insensitive to environmental perturbations and show environmental canalization. We tested levels of phenotypic plasticity in diverse Drosophila serrata populations along a latitudinal cline ranging from a temperate, variable climate to a tropical, stable climate by measuring developmental rate and size-related traits at three temperatures (16°C, 22°C, and 28°C). We then compared the slopes of the thermal reaction norms among populations. The 16–22°C part of the reaction norms for developmental rate was flatter (more canalized) for the temperate populations than for the tropical populations. However, slopes for the reaction norms of the two morphological traits (wing size, wing:thorax ratio), were steeper (more plastic) in the temperate versus the tropical populations over the entire thermal range. The different latitudinal patterns in plasticity for developmental rate and the morphological traits may reflect contrasting selection pressures along the tropical-temperate thermal gradient.
Development of a Single-Sided Flux Magnetic Coupler for Electric Vehicle IPT Charging Systems

Inductive power transfer is a practical method for recharging electric vehicles because it is safe, convenient, and reliable. The performance of the magnetic couplers that transfer power determines the overall feasibility of a complete system. Circular couplers are the most common topology in the literature; however, they have fundamentally limited coupling. Their flux patterns necessarily limit the operational air gap as well as tolerance to horizontal misalignment. A new polarized coupler topology [referred to as a double D (DD)] is presented, which overcomes these difficulties. DDs provide a charge zone five times larger than that possible with circular pads for a similar material cost and are smaller. A 0.31-m2 DD enables 2 kW of power transfer over an oval area measuring 540 mm × 800 mm with a 200-mm air gap. Leakage magnetic fields have been investigated and show that circular and DD couplers operating under similar power transfer conditions produce similar levels. Both topologies can be designed and operated to ensure compliance with international guidelines.
Intelligent Mobility Management Model for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

Growing consumer demands for access of communication services in a ubiquitous environment is a driving force behind the development of new technologies. The rapid development in communication technology permits the end users to access heterogeneous wireless networks to utilize the swerve range of data rate service “anywhere any time”. These forces to technology developers to integrate different wireless access technologies which is known as fourth generation (4G). It is become possible to reduce the size of mobile nodes (MNs) with manifold network interfaces and development in IP-based applications. 4G mobile/wireless computing and communication heterogeneous environment consist of various access technologies that differ in bandwidth, network conditions, service type, latency and cost. A major challenge of the 4G wireless network is seamless vertical handoff across the heterogeneous wireless access network as the users are roaming in the heterogeneous wireless network environment. Today communication devices are portable and equipped with manifold interfaces and are capable to roam seamlessly among the various access technology networks for maintaining the network connectivity, since no single-interface technology provides ubiquitous coverage and quality-of-service (QoS). This paper reports a mobile agent based heterogeneous wireless network management system. In this system agent’s decision focuses on multi parameter system (MPS). This system works on the parameters- network delay, received signal strength, network latency and study of the collected information about adjoining network cells viz., accessible channel. System is simulated and a comparative study is also made. From results it is observed that system improves the performance of wireless network.
Identification of VIM‐2 metallo‐&bgr;‐lactamase‐producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from dogs with pyoderma and otitis in Korea

BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a challenging pathogen cultured from cases of acute and chronic canine otitis and sometimes in cases of deep pyoderma. The spread of antimicrobial resistance, especially carbapenem resistance, is a serious therapeutic challenge worldwide. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To investigate the identification and characterization of resistant P. aeruginosa clinical canine isolates. MATERIALS Clinical isolates (n = 80) were collected from dogs with pyoderma (n = 18) and otitis (n = 62) in Korea. METHODS Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using agar dilution and using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines for recording susceptibility for human Pseudomonas isolates; genetic relatedness of isolates was investigated by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and SpeI macrorestriction analysis. The class 1 integrons were amplified and sequenced using primer walking. RESULTS Most isolates were susceptible to colistin (97.5%), polymyxin B (96.3%), ciprofloxacin (81.3%) and meropenem (80.0%); whereas resistance to aztreonam (80%), piperacillin (52.5%), piperacillin/tazobactam (41.3%) and cefepime (37.5%) was high; 12 carbapenem-nonsusceptible isolates (15%) were detected. MLST revealed 45 different sequence types (STs) and macrorestriction analysis detected 55 distinct pulsotypes (PTs), which were divided into 25 clonal groups. Among carbapenem-nonsusceptible isolates, 10 (83.3%) were VIM-2-producing strains. Nine VIM-2-producing isolates were identified as ST1047 and harboured the same 2.8 kb class 1 integron. One remaining isolate was ST1203 with 2.1 kb class 1 integron. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE This study demonstrated the diversity of the phenotype and genotype of clinical P. aeruginosa isolates from dogs with pyoderma and otitis. The identification of VIM-2-producing P. aeruginosa in dogs is alarming and warrants further surveillance.
Secretion of mouse α‐amylase from fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe: Presence of chymostatin‐sensitive protease activity in the culture medium

We have constructed two secretion vectors for Schizosaccharomyces pombe using an SV40 promoter and the secretion signals of the pGKL killer toxin complex derived from Kluyveromyces lactis. Although indigenous secretory glycoproteins tend to accumulate in the periplasmic space of S. pombe, we have succeeded in the secretion of mouse α‐amylase into the culture medium. The efficiency of secretion, processing pattern, stability and culture conditions for mouse α‐amylase were studied in S. pombe. The 128 kDa killer secretion signal was more effective in directing secretion of mouse α‐amylase than the 28 kDa killer secretion signal. We detected a chymostatin‐sensitive protease activity in the culture medium of S. pombe, which digests mouse α‐amylase secreted into the culture medium. The addition of 5 μg/ml chymostatin was shown to protect mouse α‐amylases from this degradation.
In vitro Activity of Robenidine Analog NCL195 in Combination With Outer Membrane Permeabilizers Against Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens and Impact on Systemic Gram-Positive Bacterial Infection in Mice

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, particularly the ESKAPE group (Enterococcus faecalis/faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter spp.), have become a public health threat worldwide. Development of new antimicrobial classes and the use of drugs in combination are potential strategies to treat MDR ESKAPE pathogen infections and promote optimal antimicrobial stewardship. Here, the in vitro antimicrobial activity of robenidine analog NCL195 alone or in combination with different concentrations of three outer membrane permeabilizers [ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), polymyxin B nonapeptide (PMBN), and polymyxin B (PMB)] was further evaluated against clinical isolates and reference strains of key Gram-negative bacteria. NCL195 alone was bactericidal against Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (MIC/MBC = 32 μg/mL) and demonstrated synergistic activity against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and Enterobacter spp. strains in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of EDTA, PMBN, or PMB. The additive and/or synergistic effects of NCL195 in combination with EDTA, PMBN, or PMB are promising developments for a new chemical class scaffold to treat Gram-negative infections. Tokuyasu cryo ultramicrotomy was used to visualize the effect of NCL195 on bioluminescent S. aureus membrane morphology. Additionally, NCL195’s favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile was further explored in in vivo safety studies in mice and preliminary efficacy studies against Gram-positive bacteria. Mice administered two doses of NCL195 (50 mg/kg) by the intraperitoneal (IP) route 4 h apart showed no adverse clinical effects and no observable histological effects in major organs. In bioluminescent Streptococcus pneumoniae and S. aureus murine sepsis challenge models, mice that received two 50 mg/kg doses of NCL195 4 or 6 h apart exhibited significantly reduced bacterial loads and longer survival times than untreated mice. However, further medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical development to improve potency, solubility, and selectivity is required before efficacy testing in Gram-negative infection models.
Comparative assessment of root canal preparation by undergraduate students using manual and automated devices

Purpose: To evaluate the preparation of root canals performed by undergraduate students using manual and automated devices, based on the amount of dentin removed from the canal walls, the time required for preparation, and students’ opinions. Methods: Mesial roots of 20 human mandibular molars extracted for clinical reasons were used in the experiment. Twenty undergraduate students prepared two canals each, one using the manual method and the other using an automated device; following root canal preparation, the students filled out a questionnaire. Time was recorded throughout the procedures. Teeth were scanned with computed tomography before and after preparation. Images were superimposed and measured for the amount and area of dentin removed. Results: There was no difference between the use of manual and automated devices with regard to the amount of material removed. Distal walls presented a greater amount of material removed from the cervical third when compared with middle third in both techniques. There were no statistically significant differences between both techniques with regard to preparation time. Conclusion: The automated system represents an adequate alternative option as an auxiliary resource for undergraduate teaching in the preparation of root canals.
Left Frontal Convexity Arachnoid Cyst Extending to Interhemispheric Fissure

Convexity or interhemispheric fissure arachnoid cysts are rarely seen lesions (5%). Although they are usually asymptomatic and do not require treatment, neurological symptoms like headache and seizures should be considered for surgical approaches. We reported a 47-year-old man with severe headaches. Computed tomography revealed a cystic lesion on the left cerebral convexity extending to interhemispheric fissure. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed displacement of corpus callosum with a slight midline shift caused by an arachnoid cyst. A cystoperitoneal shunt was performed. Radiologically, the cyst was partially resolved after cystoperitoneal shunting. Arachnoid cyst can cause local ischemia that triggers symptoms via compression, which can require surgical management, but an optimal treatment method can not be determined.
Inverse Blood Pressure Rhythm of Transgenic Hypertensive TGR(mREN2)27 Rats: Role of Norepinephrine and Expression of Tyrosine‐Hydroxylase and Reuptake1‐Transporter

Transgenic hypertensive TGR(mREN2)27 rats (TGR) exhibit an inverse circadian blood pressure profile from the age of 8 to 9 wk. To investigate the role of the sympathetic nervous system in this pathological blood pressure rhythm, we examined postnatal changes in catecholamine concentration, expression of tyrosine‐hydroxylase (TH), and norepinephrine (NE) reuptake1‐transporter (NET) in the heart, adrenal glands, and hypothalamus of non‐hypertensive TGR at an age of 4 wk and of hypertensive TGR at an age of 10 wk and compared these to normotensive, age‐matched Sprague‐Dawley rats. Rats were kept under synchronized light:dark (LD) conditions of 12:12 h. Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored by radiotelemetry, catecholamines by high performance liquid chromatography, expression of TH and NET (mRNA) by RT‐PCR, and TH protein by Western blots. In normotensive 4 wk‐old Sprague‐Dawley rats, cardiac NE concentrations were circadian phase‐dependent with lower values at ZT12.5, with no differences observed, in 10‐wk‐old animals. At both ages however, sympathetic tone was higher during the dark phase, as shown by a higher turnover of NE. This observation confirms earlier data, which indicate that the endogenous amine concentration may not mirror its turnover rate. TGR at either age had lower cardiac NE as well as lower TH expression and did not display a circadian phase‐dependency. The increased cardiac NE turnover rate in the dark phase in non‐hypertensive TGR was lost in hypertensive rats. Both cardiac NE concentrations and TH expression decreased with age in both strains. In adrenal glands, NE and epinephrine (E) were not circadian phase‐dependent in both strains but increased with age. NE concentrations in the hypothalamus were neither circadian phase‐dependent nor different in both strains and at both ages. However, sympathetic tone of NE in the hypothalamus, as indicated by the turnover rate, was greater during the dark phase in both strains at an age of 10 wk. Expression of TH and NET were greatly reduced in adrenal glands when compared to Sprague‐Dawley rats; whereas, expression of TH in the hypothalamus was significantly increased in hypertensive TGR. These data indicate that the transgene in TGR leads to an increased central stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system and to a consecutive down‐regulation in the peripheral organs. It is of interest that rhythmicity in the studied parameters was lost in hypertensive TGR, except in the turnover of NE in the hypothalamus. We concluded that the data on key mechanisms of regulation of the sympathetic system in TGR cannot explain the inverse blood pressure rhythm observed in this transgenic rat strain.
Towards a practical controller design for DPS

We review the popular LQG controller design for DPS (distributed parameter systems) and its shortcomings. In particular, its applicability is essentially restricted to exponentially stabilizable and detectable DPS with finite-rank bounded input and output operators. As an alternative, we propose a new practical control design that is applicable to DPS with unbounded, finite-rank input and output operators, provided that the generator has finitely many unstable eigenvalues and satisfies the spectrum determined growth assumption
Decision tree ensemble construction incorporating feature values modification and random subspace method

The goal of ensemble construction with several classifiers is to achieve better generalization ability over individual classifiers. An ensemble method produces diverse classifiers and combines their decisions for ensemble's decision. A number of methods have been investigated for constructing ensemble in which some of them train classifiers with the generated patterns. This study investigates a decision tree ensemble method incorporating some generated patterns with random subspace method (RSM). The proposed hybrid ensemble method were evaluated on several benchmark classification problems, and was found to achieve performance better than or competitive with related conventional methods.