Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analyzing online reviews in hospitality: data-driven opportunities for predicting the sharing of negative emotional content

ABSTRACT Hospitality is one of the sectors that are nowadays most heavily characterized by consumers’ tendency to share online reviews on dedicated digital platforms. While most past work has focused on understanding the effect of online reviews and ratings on consumers’ evaluation and purchase decisions, this research tackles the issue of what drives the sharing of certain types of online content. Specifically, we investigate the sharing of user-generated content characterized by negative emotional valence, and study the effect of two factors on the extent to which user-generated content contains negative emotions. One such factor is reviewer's expertise, while the other is hotel quality. Our analysis of 1200 TripAdvisor reviews on Italian hotels located in three major Italian cities confirm our hypothesis that expert reviewers might share reviews containing less intense negative emotional content compared to less expert reviewers especially when the hotel is of high quality. To support our hypothesis, we build on the research on psychological antecedents of word-of-mouth behaviour suggesting that expert consumers are particularly reluctant to share negative word-of-mouth to avoid projecting a negative image of themselves in social contexts, thus possibly damaging their reputation.
Psychiatric, Psychological, and Social Determinants of Health in the Nurses' Health Study Cohorts.

OBJECTIVES To review the contribution of the Nurses' Health Studies (NHS) on factors that influence mental and physical health. METHODS Narrative review of all published articles using data from the NHS, the NHS II, and the Growing Up Today Study focusing on mental health conditions (e.g., depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety) and psychosocial resources and stressors (e.g., job strain, interpersonal violence, social relationships, sexual orientation) between 1990 and 2016. RESULTS Studies have considered a broad array of determinants (e.g., genes, biomarkers, air pollution) and consequent behavioral and disease-related outcomes (e.g., body weight, smoking, cardiometabolic diseases, cancer, autism). Findings suggest anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, childhood violence, caregiver burden, and job insecurity may increase the risk of coronary heart disease and diabetes, whereas findings with cancer are mixed. This work directly affects public health actions, as demonstrated by recent inclusion of a gender expression measure in state surveys. CONCLUSIONS The NHS cohorts have produced novel and influential research on the interplay of psychological and social factors with health. Psychological and social variables are important contributors to the maintenance or decline of physical and mental health.
Distribution of the tract of lissauer and the dorsal root fibers in the primate spinal cord

The tract of Lissauer receives small caliber dorsal root fibers in addition to axons arising from dorsal horn neurons. The termination of Lissauer's tract and dorsal root fibers was examined in the C7 segment of the rhesus monkey spinal cord. The distribution of normal dorsal root afferents was mapped by labelling the C7 dorsal root ganglion with tritiated amino acids, and then compared with the degeneration of C7 dorsal root fibers following an intradural dorsal rhizotomy. To focus on the distribution of the small afferents, the degeneration following a Lissau er tractotomy was compared with the degeneration following dorsal rhizotomy and following selected lesions involving the large afferents. The survival times following the lesions and rhizotomies were varied to facilitate identification of groups of fibers and terminals which might degenerate at different rates.
The Snowboarder's Foot and Ankle

We undertook a prospective study to determine the type and distribution of foot and ankle snowboarding injuries. Reports of 3213 snowboarding injuries were collected from 12 Colorado ski resorts between 1988 and 1995. Of these, 491 (15.3%) were ankle injuries and 58 (1.8%) were foot injuries. Ankle injuries included 216 (44%) fractures and 255 (52%) sprains. Thirty-three (57%) of the foot injuries were fractures and 16 (28%) were sprains. The remaining injuries were soft tissue injuries, contusions, or abrasions. There was no significant correlation between boot type (soft, hybrid, or hard) and overall foot or ankle injury rate. There were significantly fewer ankle sprains in patients wearing hybrid boots and fewer fractures of the lateral process of the talus in patients wearing soft boots. An unexpectedly high number of fractures of the lateral process of the talus were noted. These 74 fractures represented 2.3% of all snowboarding injuries, 15% of all ankle injuries, and 34% of the ankle fractures. Many of these fractures are not visible on plain radiographs and require computed tomography imaging to be diagnosed. Diagnosis of this fracture pattern is paramount; the physician should be very suspicious of anterolateral ankle pain in the snowboarder, where subtle fractures that may require surgical intervention can be confused with anterior talofibular ligament sprains.
A Statistical Framework to Infer Delay and Direction of Information Flow from Measurements of Complex Systems

In neuroscience, data are typically generated from neural network activity. The resulting time series represent measurements from spatially distributed subsystems with complex interactions, weakly coupled to a high-dimensional global system. We present a statistical framework to estimate the direction of information flow and its delay in measurements from systems of this type. Informed by differential topology, gaussian process regression is employed to reconstruct measurements of putative driving systems from measurements of the driven systems. These reconstructions serve to estimate the delay of the interaction by means of an analytical criterion developed for this purpose. The model accounts for a range of possible sources of uncertainty, including temporally evolving intrinsic noise, while assuming complex nonlinear dependencies. Furthermore, we show that if information flow is delayed, this approach also allows for inference in strong coupling scenarios of systems exhibiting synchronization phenomena. The validity of the method is demonstrated with a variety of delay-coupled chaotic oscillators. In addition, we show that these results seamlessly transfer to local field potentials in cat visual cortex.
The Effect of an Electronic Exchange on Prices and Return Volatility in the Fine Wine Market

Abstract Fine wine has become an attractive alternative asset class in recent decades. In our study, we take the market microstructural perspective and verify how innovations in trading infrastructure affect the fine wine market. More specifically, we examine the average prices and the return volatility of fine wines traded on three different trading systems: automated electronic exchange, auctions and over-the-counter agreements (the OTC market). Our findings confirm an important role of a fully automated, cost-effective wine exchange in improving pricing efficiency and reducing market risk. This may constitute useful information for professional wine traders and institutional investors, who might consider shifting from less transparent trading systems into an automated on-book venue. This may also be a valuable indication for the future development of trading infrastructure in wine and other agricultural commodity markets.
Hemoglobin A1c Determinations in Diabetic Pregnancy

To investigate the relationship of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) to average blood glucose concentration and to birth weight of infants of diabetic mothers, HbA1c was determined in 42 consecutive insulin-dependent pregnant diabetic women in the third trimester. HbA1c correlated significantly to the average blood glucose levels in the preceding 8 wk (r = 0.73, P < 0.001). No correlation was found between HbA1c and the relative birth weight ratio (RBWR) for all newborn infants. However, in the major subgroups of pregnancies, White class B and C without prognostically bad signs in pregnancy (PBSP), HbA1c in the third trimester significantly correlated to RBWR (r = 0.59, P < 0.01). In a subgroup of six pregnant diabetic women in whom HbA1c and blood glucose concentrations frequently were determined from the 13th to the 33rd gestational week, a relationship between HbA1c and the average blood glucose concentration of the preceding 8 and 12 wk in the individual pregnant subject was established. In spite of this correlation, HbA1c was found to be a poor predictor of the average blood glucose concentration in the individual patient. This indicates that HbA1c cannot satisfactorily describe the degree of diabetes control without simultaneous determinations of blood glucose. HbA1c determinations were found to be of value as an additional indicator of the quality of regulation during ambulatory control in diabetic pregnancy because an increase in HbA1c suggested an impairment of diabetic control. The perinatal mortality and morbidity of the infants of diabetic mothers were satisfactory in this series, as only one perinatal death, one nonserious malformation, and two cases of mild respiratory distress syndrome occurred among the 43 infants.
Reliability of self‐reported questionnaire on occupational radiation practices among diagnostic radiologic technologists

BACKGROUND We aimed to assess the reliability of a self-reported questionnaire on occupational radiation practices among radiologic technologists. METHODS We enrolled 941 participants who had repeatedly completed the questionnaire from the 2012-2013 radiologic technologists' health study in South Korea. We used percentage agreement, kappa statistics, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to assess the reliability of responses on work practices. RESULTS Overall agreement for ever-never diagnostic radiation procedures was high (87.5-97.5%), and κ values indicated substantial agreement (0.66-0.86) in all procedures except cephalometric and intraoral radiography. For the information of year of work start and working duration, high agreement was obtained (ICC: 0.99 and 0.98, respectively). However, use of a worn dosimeter and of personal protective equipment showed only moderate to substantial agreement. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported information on working practices regarding radiation exposure in radiologic technologists was reliable enough for epidemiologic studies. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:377-385, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Forecasting realised volatility using ARFIMA and HAR models

Recent literature provides mixed empirical evidence with respect to the forecasting performance of ARFIMA and HAR models. This paper compares the forecasting performance of both models using high frequency data of 100 stocks representing 10 business sectors for the period 2000-2010. We allow for different sectors, changing market conditions, variation in the sampling frequency and forecasting horizons. For the overall sample and using the 300 sec sampling frequency, the forecasting performance of both models is indistinguishable. However, differences arise under different market regimes, forecasting horizons and sampling frequencies. ARFIMA models are superior for the crisis and pre-crisis sub-samples. HAR forecasts are less sensitive to regime change and to longer forecasting horizons. Variations in forecasting performance could also be explained using differences in the levels of persistence underlying each model.
Usefulness of skin testing with mycobacterial antigens in children with cervical lymphadenopathy

One hundred twenty-three children with chronic cervical lymphadenopathy were skin-tested with purified protein derivative (PPD)-B (Mycobacterium intracellulare, PPD-Y (Mycobacterium kansasii), PPD-G (Mycobacterium serofulaceum) (nontuberculous mycobacterial antigens (NTMags) and PPD-T (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Children with culture-confirmed mycobacterial disease had significantly larger reactions to NTMages and were 6 times more likely to have PPD-B responses of 10 mm than those with negative microscopy/culture results. Children with acid-fast bacilli present in clinical specimens but with negative culture results were 3 times more likely to have 10 mm induration to PPD-B than those with negative microscopy/culture results. In all groups except those with culture-confirmed M. tuberculosis, responses to PPD-T were significantly smaller than those to the NTMags. We conclude that NTMags, particularly PPD-B, may be useful in diagnosing childhood mycobacterial cervical adenopathy; however, their usefulness in distinguishing disease caused by M. tuberculosis from that resulting from other my-cobacteria is unknown.
Efficient Thymopoiesis Contributes to the Maintenance of Peripheral CD4 T Cells during Chronic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Infection

ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) infection leads to a lifelong asymptomatic period in the majority of patients. Even in patients with progressive disease, a slow CD4 count decline characterizes the chronic phase of HIV-2 infection, suggesting that peripheral T-cell homeostasis is controlled better following HIV-2 infection than following HIV-1 infection. Herein we showed that, in contrast to HIV-1-infected patients, HIV-2-infected patients demonstrate enhanced thymic function compared to age-matched healthy individuals. The correlation between higher thymic production and lower CD4 T-cell loss in these patients suggests that efficient thymopoiesis is implicated in the long-lasting maintenance of CD4 T-cell counts in HIV-2 disease.
A Revealed Preference Approach to Estimating Supply Curves for Ecosystem Services: Use of Auctions to Set Payments for Soil Erosion Control in Indonesia

Abstract: To supply ecosystem services, private landholders incur costs. Knowledge of these costs is critical for the design of conservation‐payment programs. Estimating these costs accurately is difficult because the minimum acceptable payment to a potential supplier is private information. We describe how an auction of payment contracts can be designed to elicit this information during the design phase of a conservation‐payment program. With an estimate of the ecosystem‐service supply curve from a pilot auction, conservation planners can explore the financial, ecological, and socioeconomic consequences of alternative scaled‐up programs. We demonstrate the potential of our approach in Indonesia, where soil erosion on coffee farms generates downstream ecological and economic costs. Bid data from a small‐scale, uniform‐price auction for soil‐conservation contracts allowed estimates of the costs of a scaled‐up program, the gain from integrating biophysical and economic data to target contracts, and the trade‐offs between poverty alleviation and supply of ecosystem services. Our study illustrates an auction‐based approach to revealing private information about the costs of supplying ecosystem services. Such information can improve the design of programs devised to protect and enhance ecosystem services.
Psychosocial risk factors for heart disease in France and Northern Ireland: the Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction (PRIME).

BACKGROUND France has a substantially lower level of premature mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) relative to its comparators. Compared with Northern Ireland, France has one-half the rate, despite having a similar cardiovascular risk profile to Northern Ireland. In this prospective longitudinal study the psychosocial risk hypothesis for CVD was tested. METHOD A cohort of 9758 men (7359 in France and 2399 in Northern Ireland) aged 50-59 years who were initially free of any CVD were recruited. At baseline the subjects completed a psychosocial questionnaire, measuring hostility, depression, social support, and the Type A behaviour pattern. At 5-years follow-up their clinical status was determined. RESULTS Multivariate analysis indicated that, contrary to prediction, France had a substantially more negative psychosocial risk profile than Northern Ireland. The psychosocial risk factors were not successful at predicting at 5-years follow-up the hard clinical endpoint of definite fatal/non-fatal myocardial infarction. In the case of the softer clinical endpoint, angina pectoris/unstable angina, only depression predicted outcome with a small effect size. CONCLUSION The findings provide little support for the psychosocial risk hypothesis. The psychosocial risk profile was more negative in France, the opposite of that predicted. The finding of a relationship between depression and angina may reflect a tendency for individuals who respond negatively on mood state to report more cardiac symptoms irrespective of physical disease state.
Effects of acrivastine, loratadine and cetirizine on histamine‐induced wheal and flare responses

It is accepted that studies evaluating histamine‐induced wheal and flare reactions in the skin represent a simple and reliable method for demonstrating pharmacodynamic activity and pharmacokinetics of the H1‐receptor antagonists. In this study, the effects of single oral doses of acrivastine (8 mg), loratadine (10 mg) and cetirizine (10 mg) on the histamine‐induced wheal and flare reactions were compared in 60 healthy volunteers. The wheal and flare responses were produced by prick test using 1% histamine solution. Measurements were performed before the ingestion of antihistamines (baseline values) and afterwards at 15, 30, 90, 240, 360 min and 24 h. The values obtained for each antihistamine were compared with each other and with baseline values. Cetirizine was found to be superior to acrivastine and loratadine for the suppression of wheal and flare responses at 240, 360 min and 24 h (P < 0.05) and acrivastine was superior to the other two antihistamines for the suppression of flare response at 30 min (P < 0.05). Our results indicate that a single dose of cetirizine provides a more effective and long acting suppression on wheal and flare reactions in urticaria when compared to acrivastine and loratadine.
High level of Serum AFP is an Independent Negative Prognostic Factor in Gastric Cancer

Background Gastric cancer with a high level of serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is uncommon and has unique clinicopathological features and a poorer prognosis. The aim of this research was to elucidate the clinicopathological and prognostic features of gastric cancer with a high level of AFP. Methods The sera from 1,286 patients with gastric cancer treated at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January 2004 to December 2008 were analyzed preoperatively for AFP, CEA and CA19-9 levels after excluding active or chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma as well as preoperative distant metastasis. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 86 serum AFP-positive patients and 1,200 serum AFP-negative patients according to a cutoff of 20 ng/mL. The clinicopathological features and prognostic factors were compared between the groups. Results A higher incidence of serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis and liver metastasis and poorer prognosis was observed in the AFP-positive group compared with the AFP-negative group (all p<0.05). Serum AFP showed the highest specificity (93.66%) and diagnostic accuracy (92.38%) for predicting liver metastasis among the 3 tumor markers examined. Multivariate survival analysis revealed that AFP positivity was an independent prognostic factor in all 1,286 gastric cancer patients. The prognosis of AFP-positive gastric cancer was poorer than that of AFP-negative gastric cancer (p<0.05). Conclusions A high level of serum AFP is an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer and can be used for evaluating the prognosis of gastric cancers whether in the presence or absence of liver metastasis.
SmartEye: Developing a Novel Eye Tracking System for Quantitative Assessment of Oculomotor Abnormalities

Eye movements are a continuous and ubiquitous part of sensory perception. To properly generate highly accurate and co-ordinate ocular movements, a vast network of brain areas are engaged, from low-level visual processing to motor control of gaze orientation. This renders oculomotor system vulnerable to various neurological disorders with unique clinical patterns. Therefore, oculomotor examination can serve as an early and sensitive indicator for various neurological conditions. A simple-to-use, clinically valid system for objectively assessing the oculomotor function can thus bring a paradigm shift in diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders. In principal accordance, this paper presents a gaze assessment tool, called SmartEye, which is based on eye fixation, smooth pursuit, and blinking in response to both static and dynamic visual stimuli. The gaze related indices were evaluated in real-time by SmartEye and these were mapped to the reported pathological state in chronic ( > 3 months) patients with stroke. Our preliminary feasibility study with eight pairs of chronic ( > 3 months) stroke survivors and healthy individuals revealed that gaze related indices in response to both static and dynamic visual stimuli may serve as potential quantitative biomarkers for stroke assessment.
Effect of Meal Dilution on the Postprandial Glycemic Response: Implications for glycemic testing

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of varying the volume of sugar meals on the postprandial glycemic response (PGR). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS On six separate occasions, after an overnight fast, blood glucose concentrations were measured in eight healthy subjects (34 ± 4 years of age, BMI 22.9 ± 0.9 kg/m2) after the consumption of 25 g glucose, sucrose, or fructose dissolved in either 200 or 600 ml of water. Blood was obtained at fasting and then at times 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 min after the start of the test meal. RESULTS PGR was found to be influenced by carbohydrate type (P < 0.001). Mean response areas (min · mmol · l−1) to the three sugars were statistically different (P <0.05). Glucose had the highest response area (90.0 ± 8.1), followed by sucrose (61.3 ± 5.0) and then fructose (14.7 ± 2.8). Independent of this effect, PGR was also found to be influenced by volume dose (P < 0.01). By tripling meal volume from 200 to 600 ml, PGR areas were significantly increased for all three sugars, glucose (79.3 ± 10.3 vs. 100.8 ± 12.0, P = 0.035), sucrose (52.6 ± 5.5 vs. 70 ± 7.4, P = 0.0094), and fructose (11.0 ± 3.8 vs. 18.4 ± 3.9, P = 0.012). Where the effects of time (P < 0.05) and dose (P < 0.05) were determined to be independent (interaction nonsignificant) for all three sugars, this increase in volume also significantly increased glycemic concentrations at 15 min, for glucose (P = 0.033) and sucrose (P = 0.026), suggesting that changes in gastric emptying time may be a mechanism of action. CONCLUSIONS Varying the volume of liquid sugar meals alters PGR.Understanding this concept may help to reduce variability both in the glycemic testing of foods and oral glucose tolerance testing.