Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Linking biogeochemistry to hydro-geometrical variability in tidal estuaries: a generic modeling approach

Abstract. This study applies the Carbon-Generic Estuary Model (C-GEM) modeling platform to simulate the estuarine biogeochemical dynamics – in particular the air–water CO2 exchange – in three idealized tidal estuaries characterized by increasing riverine influence, from a so-called "marine estuary" to a "riverine estuary". An intermediate case called "mixed estuary" is also considered. C-GEM uses a generic biogeochemical reaction network and a unique set of model parameters extracted from a comprehensive literature survey to perform steady-state simulations representing average conditions for temperate estuaries worldwide. Climate and boundary conditions are extracted from published global databases (e.g., World Ocean Atlas, GLORICH) and catchment model outputs (GlobalNEWS2). The whole-system biogeochemical indicators net ecosystem metabolism (NEM), C and N filtering capacities (FCTC and FCTN, respectively) and CO2 gas exchanges (FCO2) are calculated across the three idealized systems and are related to their main hydrodynamic and transport characteristics. A sensitivity analysis, which propagates the parameter uncertainties, is also carried out, followed by projections of changes in the biogeochemical indicators for the year 2050. Results show that the average C filtering capacities for baseline conditions are 40, 30 and 22 % for the marine, mixed and riverine estuary, respectively, while N filtering capacities, calculated in a similar fashion, range from 22 % for the marine estuary to 18 and 15 % for the mixed and the riverine estuaries. Sensitivity analysis performed by varying the rate constants for aerobic degradation, denitrification and nitrification over the range of values reported in the literature significantly widens these ranges for both C and N. Simulations for the year 2050 suggest that all estuaries will remain largely heterotrophic, although a slight improvement of the estuarine trophic status is predicted. In addition, our results suggest that, while the riverine and mixed systems will only marginally be affected by an increase in atmospheric pCO2, the marine estuary is likely to become a significant CO2 sink in its downstream section. In the decades to come, such a change in behavior might strengthen the overall CO2 sink of the estuary–coastal ocean continuum.
Changes in the hydrological cycle, ocean circulation, and carbon/nutrient cycling during the last interglacial

[1] A complex Earth system model has been forced by insolation changes for the last interglacial (LIG) for which geological records evidence a climate cooling that culminated in the last glacial inception. During an early warm period (127–125 ka B.P.) the Arctic/North Atlantic drainage basin north of 30°N receives ∼27,000 m3/s more fresh water mainly imported across the watershed of North America compared to a cooler period centered around 115 ka B.P. Together with a strong surface warming by up to 2 K, this results in a weaker North Atlantic overturning (reduced by ∼20%). Sea ice cover is reduced by 3 × 106 km2 in the Northern Hemisphere, stimulating a stronger productivity in the Barents and Kara seas. In the North Pacific a lowered salinity and a surface warming of more than 3 K increase the stratification. The eastern Pacific becomes nutrient poorer, which leads to a reduction in the export production in areas with vigorous upwelling. The climate cooling in the course of the LIG induces a carbon release by the terrestrial biosphere of 308 Gt, which is counteracted by an oceanic/sedimentary uptake of 290 Gt. The rest remains in the atmosphere increasing the pCO2 by 9 ppm. The large oceanic CO2 uptake corresponds to a rise of the calcite lysocline of about 300 m in the midlatitude Atlantic. The chemically interactive carbonate sediment pool in the Atlantic is reduced by 10%. For nearly the entire North Atlantic, our results are contradictory to the common interpretation of carbonate preservation proxies as a reliable tool for monitoring changes in deep water circulation.
The effects of Spirulina platensis ( Arthrospira platensis ) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the distribution and cytokine production of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes in rabbits

espanolRESUMEN. Los aditivos naturales se han convertido en uno de los mayores potenciadores alternativos de inmunidad actualmente. Spirulina platensis (SP) y Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) se han usado para mejorar el sistema inmunologico y la calidad de vida. El objetivo de este estudio fue regular el efecto inmune de la combinacion de S. cerevisiae y S. platensis (A. platensis). Se analizaron 40 conejos blancos machos de Nueva Zelanda, de 5 a 6 semanas de edad, en 4 grupos: Control (dieta basal); SC (anadido 3 g / kg de dieta); SP (anadido 5% de la dieta); SC y SP (se anadieron 3 g/kg SC y 5% SP de la dieta), respectivamente. El experimento completo duro 90 dias. Muestras de sangre fueron obtenidas mediante puncion venosa de oido en el dia 90. Los valores de linfocitos T CD4+ y CD8+ se determinaron mediante citometria de flujo y las citoquinas (IFN-γ e IL-4) se determinaron por ELISA. De acuerdo con los resultados, no hubo diferencias significativas en la expresion de citoquinas, pero el suero CD4+/CD8+ aumento en los animales alimentados con SP y SC + SP dietas suplementadas (3 g/kg y 5% de la dieta, respectivamente). Se concluye que S. platensis (A. platensis) se puede utilizar como un potenciador immune, aunque se necesitan mas estudios para aclarar los efectos de la suplementacion de espirulina en la inmunidad. EnglishABSTRACT. Natural additives have become one of the most alternative immune enhancer nowadays. In particular, Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) (SP) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) have been used for improving the immune system and quality of life. The aim of this study was to regulate the immune effect of S. cerevisiae and S. platensis (A. platensis) combination. Forty male New Zealand white rabbits, aged 5-6 weeks, were analysed in 4 groups: Control (basal diet); SC (added 3 g/kg diet), SP (added 5% of the diet); SC and SP (added 3 g/kg SC and 5% SP of the diet). The entire experiment lasted 90 days. Blood samples were obtained by ear venipuncture on the 90th day. The CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte values were determined by flow cytometry and cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-4) were determined by ELISA. According to the results, there were no significant differences in the expression of cytokines, but serum CD4+/CD8+ increased in the animals fed SP and SC+SP supplemented diets (3 g/kg and 5% of the diet, respectively). It was concluded that S. platensis (A. platensis) may be used as an immune enhancer, although further studies are needed to clarify the effects of spirulina supplement on immunity.
Pattern of utilization of dental services at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, Northwest Nigeria

Background: Oral health has been demonstrated to be an integral component of general health, with a serious impact on the quality of life and the overall well-being. Dental care utilization is an indispensable facilitator of oral health. Reports from the African continent highlight poor utilization of dental services across urban and rural populations. Hence, this study aims to determine the use of dental services by patients attending the dental clinic of Federal Medical Centre, Katsina between January 2011 and December 2012. Materials and Methods: The patients' records were retrieved and analyzed for demographic data, diagnosis, and treatment. Results: During the 2-year study period, a total of 2021 patients [1083 (53.6%) males and 938 (46.4%) females] were treated. The age of the patients ranged from 4 months to 94 years [mean ± standard deviation (SD) =28.6 years ± 16.2; median 28 years]. Approximately 80% of the patients were below the age of 40 years, with 21-30 years age group recording the highest frequency (28%). Most of the patients had caries and its sequelae, followed by periodontal disease (n = 352, 17.4%). Restorative and surgical procedures (n = 808, 40%) were the major treatment utilized by this cohort, with periodontal procedure trailing (n = 3951, 8.6%). Tooth extraction (n = 755, 37.3%) was the primary treatment accessed, followed by amalgam filling (n = 651, 32.2%) and scaling/polishing (n = 355, 17.6%). Conclusion: Our data demonstrate preponderance of male gender and young age group in the utilization of dental services among the study population. Tooth extraction was the most frequently provided dental treatment. We recommend preventive oral care as a means of reducing dental burden in the center.
¿Tienen los niños pensamientos intrusos análogos a obsesiones? : presentación de un instrumento estandarizado y resultados preliminares

espanolLos pensamientos intrusos no deseados con contenidos similares a las obsesiones clinicas, constituyen una experiencia practicamente universal en adultos sin psicopatologias. Sin embargo, no existen apenas evidencias de la presencia de estas introsiones en poblacion infantil y pre-adolescente. En este trabajo se presenta el Inventario de Pensamientos Intrusos Obsesivos para Ninos y Adolescentes (INPIOS-NA), que recoge en 45 items la frecuencia con que se experimentan intrusiones con tematica obsesivo-compulsiva. Lo completaron 122 ninos (12 y 13 anos). El analisis factorial exploratorio produjo cuatro factores: 1) Agresion, sexo, acumulacion; 2) Contaminacion y dudas; 3) Supersticion y Repeticion; 4) Orden y Comprobacion. La consistencia intema del instrumento fue excelente (valores de ae»O, BO). Los contenidos menos frecuentes fueron los del Factor 1. No hubo diferencias entre ninos y ninas en la frecuencia con que se experimentaban los distintos contenidos obsesivos (factores), pero los ninos de 13 anos informaron de mas frecuencia de intrusiones de los factores 2,3 y 4. El 90% de los sujetos dijo haber experimentado al menos alguna vez intrusiones obsesivas. Cuando se analizaron las tasas de frecuencia que entrarian en el rango de problematicas, este porcentaje oscilo entre el 8,2% (Factor 1) y el 15,57% (Factor 3). EnglishThe unwanted intrusive thoughts with contents analogous to clinical obsessions are commonly experienced by non-clinical adults. However, there are not empirical evidences on the experience of these unwanted intrusions among children and preadolescents non clinical subjects. In this paper the Obsessional Intrusive Inventory for Children and Adolescents is presented. It contains 45 items about obsessive-compulsive themes. One hundred and twenty-two boys and girls, aged from 12 to 13 years, completed the questionnaire. The exploratory factorial analysis yielded 4 factors: 1) Aggression, sex, and hoarding; 2) Contamination and Doubts; 3) Superstition and Repetitive rituals; 4) arder and Checking. The intemal consistency was excellent ( a values e»0,80). The less frequently experienced contents were those included in Factor 1. There were not gender differences on the frequency with which the factors were experienced, but the children aged 13 years reported to have more intrusive thoughts from factors 2, 3, and 4. A 90% of participants experienced at least one or two times the unwanted intrusions assessed. However, taking into account higher frequency rates (one or twice every month, or higher), the percentage of subjects who experienced the unwanted intrusions decreased (from 8.2% forthe contents in factor 1, to 15,57% forthe contents in Factor 3).
Cosmetic Earnings Management before and after Corporate Governance Legislation in Canada

Cosmetic earnings management (CEM) occurs when income is rounded (manipulated) up by a relatively small increment to reach a key reference point for users, which creates a disproportionately more favorable view of the company than would have existed otherwise. Significant research shows this type of biased reporting occurred virtually worldwide prior to the corporate governance legislation enacted in many countries in the early-to-mid 2000s. However, more recent research provides evidence that CEM in the U.S. disappeared after implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) of 2002. Yet, outside the U.S., little research exists on this form of earnings management following the enactment of similar corporate governance legislation. Using Benford’s Law and digital analysis, the current study tests for CEM in Canada before and after Ontario Bill 198 and other corporate governance legislation in that country. The results reveal clear signs of CEM in Canada prior to this legislation but no indications of it afterward, thus suggesting the legislation contributed to the eradication of CEM in Canada much like SOX did in the U.S.
A queer history of fashion : from the closet to the catwalk

From Christian Dior to Yves Saint Laurent and Alexander McQueen, many of the greatest fashion designers of the past century have been gay. Fashion and style have played an important role within the LGBTQ community, as well, even as early as the 18th century. This provocative book looks at the history of fashion through a queer lens, examining high fashion as a site of gay cultural production and exploring the aesthetic sensibilities and unconventional dress of LGBTQ people, especially since the 1950s, to demonstrate the centrality of gay culture to the creation of modern fashion. Contributions by some of the world's most acclaimed scholars of gay history and fashion -- including Christopher Breward, Shaun Cole, Vicki Karaminas, Jonathan D. Katz, Peter McNeil, and Elizabeth Wilson -- investigate topics such as the context in which key designers' lives and works form part of a broader "gay" history; the "archeology" of queer attire back to the homosexual underworld of 18th-century Europe; and the influence of LGBTQ subcultural styles from the trouser suits worn by Marlene Dietrich (which inspired Yves Saint Laurent's "Le Smoking") to the iconography of leather. Sumptuous illustrations include both fashion photography and archival imagery.
Promoting connectedness through whole‐school approaches: Key elements and pathways of influence

Purpose – A comprehensive whole‐school approach has emerged as a promising model for building connectedness in the school setting. The health‐promoting school model, through its whole‐school orientation and attention to the school organizational environment, identifies structures and processes that influence school connectedness. This paper aims to investigate this model.Design/methodology/approach – This study examines the key mechanisms of health‐promoting school structures and processes, as well as the pathways of their influence on school connectedness, by using a qualitative case study methodology in three school communities in southeast Queensland, Australia. In‐depth interviews, focus groups, observations and documentary evidence provided the data.Findings – Key elements of the health‐promoting school model that facilitated interactions between school community members were events that were characterised as positive, social, celebratory, and with no financial cost, as well as informal gatherings th.
Transcriptional organization of autism spectrum disorder and its connection to ASD risk genes and phenotypic variation

Hundreds of genes are implicated as risk factors for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the mechanisms through which they are associated with ASD remain unclear. Here, we analyzed transcriptomics from ASD toddlers and discovered a core gene network with dysregulated gene co-expression. The identified network includes highly expressed processes in fetal-stage brain development and is dysregulated in neuron models of ASD. We found ASD risk genes across diverse functions are upstream and regulate this core network. In particular, many risk genes impact the network through the RAS/ERK, PI3K/AKT, and WNT/β-catenin signaling pathways. Finally, the dysregulation degree of this network positively correlates with early-age ASD clinical severity. Thus, our results provide insights into how the heterogeneous genetic basis of ASD could converge on a core network with consequence on the postnatal outcome of toddlers with ASD. Deeper study into this may help decipher the molecular basis of ASD and decode the complex link between its genetic and phenotypic variation.
Impact of Organizational Context & Information Technology on Employee Knowledge Sharing

This study aimed at identifying the impact of organizational context and information technology on the willingness of employees to share knowledge in the public health sector in Jordan. The study was conducted using a questionnaire designed for this purpose.160 of which was distributed in the largest hospitals in the capital of Jordan - Amman, 140 were returned for analysis with a response rate of 87.5%. To ascertain the degree of reliability and validity Cronbach's Alpha was utilized. Multiple regressions were used to analyse the effect of several independent variables on a dependent variable to test the hypotheses and to validate the study model. Frequencies and percentages were also extracted to identify the personal and functional characteristics of respondents.The most prominent conclusions obtained are: sharing knowledge among employees is positively affected social relations and rewards systems; knowledge sharing is negatively affected by the level of centralization in the organization; there is also no statistical support regarding formalization or any of demographic and functional variables; there are no statistically significant differences between vision, organizational goals, and trust among employees and their willingness to share knowledge; information technology and its ease of use positively impact on employee's readiness to share knowledge. This study has presented a number of recommendations that can benefit for future studies in this area.
Selection for ovulation rate in rabbits

El objetivo de esta tesis ha sido estudiar la respuesta directa a la seleccion por tasa de ovulacion en conejo y las respuestas correlacionadas en tamano de camada y tasas de supervivencia. Los animales pertenecian a una linea de conejos seleccionada por tasa de ovulacion durante 10 generaciones. La seleccion se realizo en base al valor fenotipico de la hembra, que se midio el dia 12 de la segunda gestacion mediante laparoscopia. Se creo una linea control a partir de la recuperacion de aproximadamente 470 embriones de 50 hembras donantes de la generacion base. Los embriones fueron vitrificados y almacenados en nitrogeno liquido hasta su transferencia al final del experimento de seleccion (generacion 10 de la linea seleccionada). Se midieron los siguientes caracteres: tamano de camada (LS), estimada como el numero total de gazapos al parto en un maximo de 5 partos; tasa de ovulacion (OR), estimada como el numero de cuerpos luteos en los dos ovarios; tasa de ovulacion derecha y tasa de ovulacion izquierda (ROR y LOR); el numero de embriones implantados totales (IE), en el lado derecho (RIE) y en el lado izquierdo (LIE); la diferencia ovulatoria (OD), definida como la diferencia entre ROR y LOR, expresada en valor absoluto; la diferencia de implantacion (ID), definida como la diferencia entre RIE y LIE, expresada en valor absoluto; la supervivencia embrionaria (ES), calculada como IE/OR; la supervivencia fetal (FS), calculada como LS/IE; la supervivencia prenatal (PS), calculada como LS/OR. Se utilizo metodologia bayesiana para analizar los datos. Las estimas de las heredabilidades de OR, LS, ES, FS y PS fueron 0.16, 0.09, 0.09, 0.24 y 0.14, respectivamente. Las estimas de las correlaciones fenotipicas de OR con LS, ES, FS y PS fueron 0.09, -0.07, -0.26 and -0.28, respectivamente. Las estimas de las correlaciones geneticas de OR con LS y ES tuvieron una baja precision, y no se pudo concretar su signo. Las estimas de las correlaciones geneticas de OR con FS y PS fueron negativas (probabilidad de ser negativa de 1.00 y 0.98, respectivamente). Las correlaciones fenotipicas y geneticas entre LS y las tasas de supervivencias fueron positivas (probabilidad de ser positivas de 1.00).
The Assessment Center

The study of history provides many benefits. First, we learn from the past. We may repeat mistakes, but, at least, we have the opportunity to avoid them. Second, history teaches us what questions to ask about the present. Contrary to some people’s view, the study of history is not the memorization of names, dates, and places. It is the thoughtful examination of the forces that have shaped the courses of human life. We can examine events from the past and then draw inferences about current events. History teaches us about likely outcomes.
Inter‐generational Linkages of AIDS: Vulnerability of Orphaned Children for HIV Infection

As the number of deaths associated with AIDS increases, especially in the developing world, addressing the health and wellbeing of children affected by AIDS becomes ever more important. Much has been debated about the intergenerational impact of AIDS and the vulnerabilities among orphaned children, but evidence to resolve these debates has remained limited and existing studies have not been synthesised in a coherent manner. A concern among public health scientists and policymakers is whether children orphaned in the context of HIV/AIDS are at heightened risk for becoming infected with HIV – not through vertical transmission, but through sexual behaviours or exposure to infectious bodily fluids. This article examines the evidence on this issue, focusing attention on three subgroups of children who might experience intergenerational consequences of AIDS: (1) children orphaned by AIDS, (2) children with caregivers who are living with HIV and (3) children in families affected by HIV/AIDS. This final group has a range of definitions, but refers here to children who either live in a household with person/s infected by HIV, or who have immediate family members (whether co-resident or not) who are infected with HIV. Heightened associations between orphanhood and risk for HIV infection would necessitate a call for improved linkages between social care and HIV prevention programmes for children orphaned by AIDS or other children vulnerable to familial HIV/AIDS.
Reevaluation and update on efficacy and safety of neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade

Postoperative residual neuromuscular block is a serious threat which endangers the patient safety. Neostigmine has been the most commonly used anticholinesterase for the pharmacological reversal of neuromuscular blockade. Although newer agents have been introduced recently, neostigmine has some irreplaceable advantages, including broad-spectrum reversal of all nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs, low cost, and availability of more related data for clinical practice to refer to. Neostigmine is also noticed to have some drawbacks, such as the inability to reverse profound and deep blockade, potential induction of muscle weakness, cardiovascular adverse effects, and so on. Data on the usage of neostigmine in the geriatric and the pediatric population are still insufficient. Some discrepancies are observed in the results from previous studies which need further investigation. However, recent studies offer some renewed information. Regarding both efficacy and safety, the key for successful reversal of neuromuscular blockade is to use neostigmine “appropriately,” optimizing the dosage and timing of administration under close monitoring.
Coincident primary breast lymphoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor: case series and molecular mechanisms

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is an uncommon mesenchymal tumor, and has been shown to be associated with synchronous or metachronous second malignancies. Rare cases of coincident GIST and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) have been reported previously. Here, we report two cases of GIST and coincident primary breast lymphoma, an uncommon subtype of extranodal NHL. We propose that the exceedingly low likelihood of both these cancers occurring in these two patients by chance warrants examination for possible common oncogenic pathways in these lesions, possibly involving shared anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Further research is vital to elucidate common oncogenic pathways between such rare lesions.