Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Nutrition and Metabolism Ingestion of Protein Hydrolysate and Amino Acid – Carbohydrate Mixtures Increases Postexercise Plasma Insulin Responses in Men 1

To optimize the postexercise insulin response and to increase plasma amino acid availability, we studied postexercise insulin levels after the ingestion of carbohydrate and wheat protein hydrolysate with and without free leucine and phenylalanine. After an overnight fast, eight male cyclists visited our laboratory on five occasions, during which a control drink and two different beverage compositions in two different doses were tested. After they performed a glycogen-depletion protocol, subjects received a beverage (3.5 mL z kg) every 30 min to ensure an intake of 1.2 g z kg z h carbohydrate and 0, 0.2 or 0.4 g z kg z h protein hydrolysate (and amino acid) mixture. After the insulin response was expressed as the area under the curve, only the ingestion of the beverages containing wheat protein hydrolysate, leucine and phenylalanine resulted in a marked increase in insulin response (152 and 1 107% for the 0.2 and 0.4 g z kg z h mixtures, respectively; P , 0.05) compared with the carbohydrate-only trial). A dose-related effect existed because doubling the dose (0.2–0.4 g z kg z h) led to an additional rise in insulin response (P , 0.05). Plasma leucine, phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations showed strong correlations with the insulin response (P , 0.0001). This study provides a practical tool to markedly elevate insulin levels and plasma amino acid availability through dietary manipulation, which may be of great value in clinical nutrition, (recovery) sports drinks and metabolic research. J. Nutr. 130: 2508–2513, 2000.
A New β Subtype-specific Interaction in α1ASubunit Controls P/Q-type Ca2+ Channel Activation*

The cytoplasmic β subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels modulates channel properties in a subtype-specific manner and is important in channel targeting. A high affinity interaction site between the α1 interaction domain (AID) in the I-II cytoplasmic loop of α1 and the β interaction domain (BID) of the β subunit is highly conserved among subunit subtypes. We describe a new subtype-specific interaction (Ss1) between the amino-terminal cytoplasmic domain of α1A (BI-2) and the carboxyl terminus of β4. Like the interaction identified previously (21) between the carboxyl termini of α1A and β4 (Ss2), the affinity of this interaction is lower than AID-BID, suggesting that these are secondary interactions. Ss1 and Ss2 involve overlapping sites on β4 and are competitive, but neither inhibits the interaction with AID. The interaction with the amino terminus of α1 is isoform-dependent, suggesting a role in the specificity of α1-β pairing. Coexpression of β4 in Xenopus oocytes produces a reduced hyperpolarizing shift in the I-V curve of the α1A channel compared with β3 (not exhibiting this interaction). Replacing the amino terminus of α1A with that of α1C abolishes this difference. Our data contribute to our understanding of the molecular organization of calcium channels, providing a functional basis for variation in subunit composition of native P/Q-type channels.
Seroreactivity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae in patients with Crohn's disease and celiac disease.

AIM To explore whether there was anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) positivity in our patients with biopsy-confirmed celiac disease. METHODS A cohort of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (42 patients with Crohn's disease and 10 patients with ulcerative colitis) and gluten sensitive enteropathy (16 patients) from Debrecen, Hungary were enrolled in the study. The diagnosis was made using the formally accepted criteria. Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) and anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), antiendomysium antibodies (EMA), antigliadin antibodies (AGA) and anti human tissue transglutaminase antibodies (tTGA) were investigated. RESULTS The results showed that ASCA positivity occurred not only in Crohn's disease but also in Celiac disease and in these cases both the IgG and IgA type antibodies were proved. CONCLUSION It is conceivable that ASCA positivity correlates with the (auto-) immune inflammation of small intestines and it is a specific marker of Crohn's disease.
An Unusual Cause of Adolescent Dysmenorrhea

A 14-year-old girl presented to the emergency room for an episode of severe dysmenorrhea that was unresponsive to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The patient had undergone menarche at age 11 but did not develop dysmenorrhea until she was 13 years old. The pain gradually worsened with each menses causing her to miss school monthly. Her family practitioner prescribed oral contraceptives shortly after the dysmenorrhea developed. Three to four months later the patient developed acute venous thrombosis with total venous obstruction of the right lower extremity and was diagnosed with antithrombin III deficiency. She discontinued her oral contraceptives underwent clot lysis with placement of an inferior vena cava filter in interventional radiology and began anticoagulation therapy with heparin and tissue plasminogen activator acutely followed by long-term warfarin therapy. (excerpt)
Predation Effects on the Evolution of Life‐History Traits in a Clonal Oligochaete

Although size at maturity and size and number of offspring are life‐history traits widely studied in sexual and parthenogenetic reproduction, there is no such research on animals reproducing asexually without the involvement of gametes. Here we present an individual‐based model in combination with experiments to study the clonal growth of Stylaria lacustris, an oligochaete reproducing through fission. We studied the effect of individual size at fission and fission ratio on clone fitness. Our results show that in benign environments without predators, fitness is higher when small worms produce small offspring. Then we included size‐specific sublethal predation and found that the fitness of the clone is maximized when parental worms start fission at a large size and produce large descendants intercalated in the middle of the parental worm’s body. These results agree with empirical findings. Furthermore, the results of our own laboratory experiment revealed that when S. lacustris is exposed to chemical alarm signals from injured conspecifics, it alters its life history in the same direction as predicted by the model. Our findings suggest that the effect of size‐specific sublethal predation is similar to the effect of size‐specific lethal predation because both modes of predation result in size‐dependent prey mortality.
Observing and Improving Hand Hygiene Compliance Implementation and Refinement of an Electronic-Assisted Direct-Observer Hand Hygiene Audit Program

We implemented a direct-observer hand hygiene audit program that used trained observers, wireless data entry devices, and an intranet portal. We improved the reliability and utility of the data by standardizing audit processes, regularly retraining auditors, developing an audit guidance tool, and reporting weighted composite hand hygiene compliance scores.
Ex vivo reconstruction of the donor renal artery in renal transplantation: a case–control study

Transplantation of renal allografts with anatomic variability or injured vasculature poses a challenge to the transplanting surgeon but can be salvaged for transplantation with ex vivo bench reconstruction of the vasculature. We investigated whether renal allograft function is impaired in these reconstructed allografts; compared to the donor‐matched, un‐reconstructed allograft. Reconstructed allografts were transplanted into 60 patients at our institution between 1986 and 2012. A control group was selected from the matched pair of the recipient in deceased donor transplantation. We found no significant difference in the overall graft and patient survival rates (P = 1.0, P = 0.178). Serum creatinine levels were not significantly higher in the study group at 1, 3 and 12 months postoperatively. There were two cases of vascular thrombosis in the study group that were not related to the ex vivo reconstruction. A significantly greater proportion of reconstructed patients were investigated with a colour duplex ultrasound postoperatively (0.007). Although we have demonstrated a higher index of suspicion of transplant failure in patients with a reconstructed allograft, this practice has proven to be a safe and useful technique with equivocal outcome when compared to normal grafts; increasing the organ pool available for transplantation.
A cross sectional assessment of health status instruments in patients with rheumatoid arthritis participating in a clinical trial. Minocycline in Rheumatoid Arthritis Trial Group.

OBJECTIVE To (1) validate the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) as a generic functional health status measure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA); and (2) assess correlations between the SF-36 and other outcome measures used in the Minocycline in Rheumatoid Arthritis (MIRA) Trial. METHODS We conducted a cross sectional analysis of the final visit outcome measures from the 48 week, multicenter, placebo controlled, double blind MIRA trial. Multitrait scaling analyses assessed convergent and discriminant validity and internal consistency reliability of the SF-36 in the study patients. Responses to comparable items on the SF-36 and modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (M-HAQ) regarding physical functioning were compared and questions from both instruments were also compared to other RA outcome measures. RESULTS In patients with RA, the SF-36 had high internal consistency and reliability, high discriminant and high convergent validity. Moderate correlations were observed (r = -0.46 to -0.61, p < 0.01 in each case) for comparable items on the SF-36 and M-HAQ regarding dressing, walking, and bending. Joint tenderness score correlations with items on the M-HAQ and SF-36, and joint tenderness score correlations with the SF-36 scales were higher than for joint swelling scores. Physician and patient global assessments were most highly correlated (r = 0.58 and 0.66; p < 0.01, respectively) with the SF-36 bodily pain item. CONCLUSION The SF-36 is a valid instrument for this RA population. The SF-36 correlates with the M-HAQ and the physician and patient global assessments. The usefulness of the SF-36 in measuring change in RA clinical trials requires testing in longitudinal studies.
Comparative Toxicological Studies of Amphotericin B Methyl Ester and Amphotericin B in Mice, Rats, and Dogs

In acute and subacute toxicological studies, amphotericin B methyl ester was shown to be much less toxic than the parent antibiotic. As a single intravenous dose in mice, the methyl ester was approximately 20 times less toxic than amphotericin B. Also, the acute toxicity of the methyl ester in mice was not enhanced by the presence of chemically induced hepatic or renal damage or by the concurrent administration of amphotericin B or flucytosine. In a 1-month intraperitoneal study in rats, the methyl ester was about one-fourth as nephrotoxic as amphotericin B. In a 1-month intravenous study in dogs, the methyl ester was about one-eighth as nephrotoxic and one-fourth to one-half as hepatotoxic as the parent compound. In addition, the methyl ester, unlike amphotericin B, produced minimal renal effects, which did not increase in severity with increasing dosage. Based on the results of these studies, it is concluded that amphotericin B methyl ester has the potential for an improved therapeutic ratio in the treatment of systemic mycoses.
I-NPN: A sub-60mV/decade, sub-0.6V selection diode for STTRAM

In this paper, we propose a new 2 terminal selection device for STTRAM at 0.6 V, with high on current (>10MA/cm<sup>2</sup>) and high on-off ratio (10<sup>4</sup>). STTRAM has recently been proposed as an SRAM alternative with fast program erase (0.5-5ns) and low voltage (0.2V) and high-current (<;20MA/cm<sup>2</sup>) [1]. An epitaxial Si NPN structure has been explored by simulations for greater than 1.5V operation [2] and experimentally demonstrated [3-4], which is very high voltage for STTRAM. E.g. for efficient cross-point, the selector threshold voltage (V<sub>T</sub>) must be slightly above set voltage (V<sub>set</sub>) of STTRAM (or any bipolar RRAM) as shown in Fig. 1. If the STTRAM has V<sub>set</sub>=0.2V and I<sub>set</sub>=20MA/cm<sup>2</sup>, (a) for successful set/reset operation, the selector needs to pass on current (I<sub>o</sub>n=I<sub>s</sub>et) at V<sub>T</sub>=0.6V for a cross-point voltage V=V<sub>T</sub>+V<sub>s</sub>et=0.8V (same as V<sub>D</sub>d for compatibility with SRAM power supply). (b) For low off current at cross-point voltage V/2=0.4V, the voltage must drop mainly across the selector which will pass off-current (I<sub>off</sub>) such that Ion/Ioff is high (~10<sup>4</sup>). Thus, a steep sub-threshold slope (SS) is required for I<sub>on</sub>/I<sub>off</sub> modulation in V<sub>T</sub>-V/2=0.2V which implies that SS<;50mV/decade. Thus such a selector has 3 requirements for STTRAM replacement of SRAM, (i) on-voltage <;0.6V, (ii) on-current density >20MA/cm<sup>2</sup> and (iii) SS <;50mV/decade. In this paper, we present the concept and explore the performance of such a selector for STTRAM/bipolar RRAM.
MASS‐FLOWERING OF A TROPICAL SHRUB (HYBANTHUS PRUNIFOLIUS): INFLUENCE ON POLLINATOR ATTRACTION AND MOVEMENT

There are conflicting views about the regulation of gene flow in tropical plants (see Corner, 1954; Baker, 1959; Federov, 1966; Ashton, 1969; Bawa, 1974). Characteristics proposed to promote outbreeding include a long flowering period, asynchronous flowering, dioecism, protandry, protogyny, and self-incompatibility. One feature which should yield reduced gene flow is mass-flowering of the individual plant. This study concentrates on this feature and how it influences pollinator movement and consequent gene flow. Among species, the flowering phenology of the individual plant varies markedly. Among tropical plants, Janzen (1971) distinguished between two extreme patterns of daily flower abundance. In the first pattern, later designated "steady state" (Gentry, 1974), the individual plant produces small numbers of new flowers almost daily over an extended period (usually greater than 2 mo, often for 6-12 mo [Gilbert, 1975; Stiles, 1975]). In the second pattern, designated "big bang" (Gentry, 1974) or "mass-flowering" (Heinrich and Raven, 1972), an individual produces large numbers of new flowers each day over a short period (often less than one week). Earlier observations suggest that these contrasting flowering patterns attract different types of pollinators. Pollinators visiting steady-state individuals are thought to be low in number and in species richness, to shift to new plants after a shorter foraging period, and to move longer distances between conspecific individuals, relative to pollinators visiting mass-flow-
Glutathione and Glutathione-Related Enzymes in Colorectal Cancer Patients

In recent years much attention has been focused on the role of glutathione (GSH) and GSH-related enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px), glutathione reductase (GSH Red), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the inhibition of free radical-induced carcinogenesis. In this study, erythrocyte GSH levels and activities of GSH Px, GSH Red, and GST were determined in patients with colorectal tumors (n = 20, mean age 54.5 - 8.3 yr). Erythrocyte GSH Red and GST activities were significantly higher in patients with colorectal tumors. Erythrocyte GSH levels and GSH Px activities were found to be significantly decreased in the patients. When the patients were classified based on their clinical grading (Dukes classifications), there was no significant difference in studied parameters between Dukes B and Dukes C. Our results suggest that oxidative stress may play an important role in colorectal tumorigenesis and that these events have no effect on the clinical grading of the colorectal tumor.
A PCR-based method for the identification of important wood rotting fungal taxa within Ganoderma, Inonotus s.l. and Phellinus s.l.

Two multiplex PCRs, based on 10 taxon-specific primers designed on rRNA gene regions, were developed for the identification of taxa within the lignivorous genera Ganoderma, Inonotus s.l. and Phellinus s.l. , each comprising both secondary and primary aggressive decay fungi. Each multiplex PCR proved to correctly identify 1 x 10(-2) pg of fungal target DNA directly from wood. This method can be helpful in detecting decay in standing trees independent of its stage of advancement, and to identify the associated decay agents.
Research on the Comparison of Uses of Rhetoric of Public and Private Sector Managers

The differences and similarities between public and private sector organizations and managers comprise a subject that has preoccupied scholars for a long time. However, despite the relatively long history of this subject, it is rather interesting that, to the best of our knowledge, there is no empirical study that thoroughly compares the managers of these sectors in terms of their rhetoric, which is accepted by many management scholars as one of the most important managerial skills. Thus, in this paper, a comparison is made within the Turkish context of the rhetoric used by public and private sector managers during the legitimization process of the management technique “Total Quality Management (TQM). ” The data set includes a total of 647 text segments from 238 interviews with managers and articles written by 209 managers. After a rhetorical and statistical analysis, the findings of mixed methods research show that there is no statistically significant difference between the rhetorical legitimization of managers in these two sectors. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015. v6n1p165
The Opinions of Classroom Teachers and Normally Developing Children on Inclusive Practice

The study aimed to investigating the opinions of elementary classroom teachers and children with normal levels of development in whose classes children with special needs were also present. The researchers conducted interviews with 10 teachers who worked at elementary schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Edirne province and whose classes included both children with special needs and 10 children who registered normal levels of development attending the same classes. In the study, a phenomenological qualitative research design was used, the data of which were collected through interviews and analyzed employing content analysis. The results revealed that both the classroom teachers and the students were not adequately knowledgeable on the subject of inclusion. The majority of the teachers stated that children with special needs and normallydeveloping children were similar as the activities they both enjoyed were common, that children with special needs who had mild disabilities could benefit more from inclusive education, and that they mainly required support from special education teachers and families during inclusive practice. During inclusive practice, most of the teachers experienced difficulties with behavioral problems with the children with special needs, and with issues regarding lessons and social acceptance. As a solution, the teachers suggested the provision of special educational support. Furthermore, the study revealed that half of the children participating in the study did not play with the children with special needs, and that almost none of the children mentioned the children with special needs when questioned about the classmates they liked the most and the least. © 2016 IOJES. All rights reserved
MESONEPHROMA OVARII

----------1----------1--------pancreas; hence again infection cannot be the essential defect. It is thereforenecessaryto formulatea third factor. 3. Unknown factor. The unknown factor may be either congenital or nutritional. If congenital, the defect in the bronchi may be part of the generalizeddisorder of glandular structuresas outlined by Wolbach and Farber. With regard to nutrition, apart from the pancreatic lesion, the pathological differences between ceeliac disease and fibrocystic disease (see Table III) are in the liver and lung disturbances of the latter. The chief metabolic difference is in protein metabolism, which is normal in creliac diseasebut derangedin fibrocystic disease. This protein defect probably causesthe liver disorder; may it not also cause the lung disorder? It may be bound up with lack of protein antibodiesand lack of resistanceto infection, and it is being held that when the nutritional defect in fibrocystic disease is remedied, the stage of bronchiectasismay be postponedor possibly averted. The answer to this can be found only in the future study of these children. The following table (Table III), somewhatmodified from Andersen and Hodges, (]2) outlines the difference between fibrocystic diseaseof the pancreasand cceliac disease.
Effect of irradiation temperature on the radiation induced attenuation of Ge-doped fibers

The UV-visible radiation induced attenuation (RIA) was studied in Ge-doped optical fibers, during X-ray (10 keV) irradiations at different temperatures. By comparing the spectra recorded in dissimilarly irradiated samples we evidenced the impact of the irradiation temperature. In details, we highlighted that, from a certain dose, increasing the temperature the RIA decreases for wavelengths lower than 470 nm, whereas at higher wavelengths the RIA depends only on the dose. Such findings suggest that it is possible to distinguish the irradiation temperature by comparing the signal at two different wavelengths. From the microscopic point of view, it appears that the RIA behavior is mainly related to a dissimilar content of induced Ge(1) defects, whereas the so called GeX defects features only small variations. The impact of the irradiation temperature on the Ge(1) induced concentration, as a function of the irradiation temperature, is confirmed by the post-irradiation electron paramagnetic resonance measurements that we acquired for samples that were irradiated at room temperature and at 200 °C.
Tectal afferents in Rana pipiens. A reassessment questioning the comparability of HRP-results.

Studying afferents to the optic tectum in Rana pipiens by means of retrograde HRP transport, results were obtained, that cast doubt on the reliability of this neuronal tract tracing technique. The tectum was found to receive afferents from e.g. lateral mesencephalic tegmentum, torus semicircularis, contralateral large-celled pretectal nucleus, and ipsilateral thalamic nuclei, which have not previously been demonstrated. In addition, the data obtained lack evidence of projections reported earlier. We suggest, that neuronal projections may be subject to hormone and/or activity dependent changes, that alter the probability of accumulating sufficient amounts of the tracer to become labeled.
Quality Control Parameters for Broth Microdilution Tests of Anidulafungin

Anidulafungin (Vicuron, King of Prussia, Pa.), a new echinocandin, inhibits β-glucan synthesis during fungal cell wall formation and has potential therapeutic use for infections with Candida and Aspergillus spp. ([1][1]). A study was performed to propose quality control (QC) ranges for