Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cabozantinib (XL184) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): Results from a phase II randomized discontinuation trial.

4516 Background: Cabozantinib (Cabo) is an inhibitor of MET and VEGFR2. MET signaling promotes tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. METHODS mCRPC patients (pts) with progressive measurable disease (mRECIST) received Cabo at 100 mg qd PO over a 12 week (wk) lead-in stage. Response was assessed q6 wks. Treatment ≥ wk 12 was based on response: pts with PR continued open-label Cabo, pts with SD were randomized to Cabo vs placebo, and pts with PD discontinued. Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) per mRECIST in the lead-in stage. Up to 200 pts could be enrolled to target 70 randomizations. Bone scans (b-scans) were independently reviewed. RESULTS Accrual was halted at 168 pts based on an observed high rate of clinical activity. 100 pts are currently evaluable for the lead-in stage; median age 68, 47% with visceral disease, 78% with bone metastasis, and 47% docetaxel (D) pretreated. Median f/u was 4 months (range, 1-15); median PFS not yet reached. Most common related Grade 3/4 AEs were fatigue (11%), HTN (7%), and hand-foot syndrome (5%); no related Grade 5 AEs reported. Dose reductions for AEs occurred in 51% of pts, and discontinuations in 10%. Bone effects: 86% (56/65 pts evaluable by b-scan) had complete or partial resolution of lesions on b-scan as early as wk 6. Eight pts (12%) had SD and 1 pt (2%) had PD. In 28 pts receiving narcotics for bone pain, 64% had improved pain and 46% decreased or halted narcotics, per investigator. Median maximum rise in hemoglobin in anemic pts (Hb < 11 g/dL) was 2.2 g/dL (range, 0.6-3.5). Osteoclast and osteoblast effects were observed: 55% had declines of ≥50% in plasma C-Telopeptide; 56% of pts with elevated tALP had declines of ≥50%. Soft tissue effects: Objective tumor shrinkage occurred in 84% of pts. ORR at wk 12 was 5%; 3 additional PRs await confirmation. PSA changes were independent of clinical activity. Overall, wk 12 disease control rate (PR+SD) was 71%. Randomization was halted and pts unblinded due to high rates of b-scan resolution and pain relief. CONCLUSIONS Cabo showed clinical activity regardless of prior D in mCPRC pts, particularly in pts with bone disease, as reflected by high rates of b-scan resolution and pain relief, in addition to improvements in Hb and tumor regression.
Sub-decadal variations in outlet glacier terminus positions in Victoria Land, Oates Land and George V Land, East Antarctica (1972–2013)

Abstract Recent work has highlighted the sensitivity of marine-terminating glaciers to decadal-scale changes in the ocean–climate system in parts of East Antarctica. However, compared to Greenland, West Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula, little is known about recent glacier change and potential cause(s), with several regions yet to be studied in detail. In this paper, we map the terminus positions of 135 glaciers along the coastline of Victoria Land, Oates Land and George V Land from 1972–2013 at a higher temporal resolution (sub-decadal intervals) than in previous research. These three regions span a range of climatic and oceanic conditions and contain a variety of glacier types. Overall, from 1972–2013, 36% of glaciers advanced, 25% retreated and the remainder showed no discernible change. On sub-decadal timescales, there were no clear trends in glacier terminus position change. However, marine-terminating glaciers experienced larger terminus position changes compared with terrestrial glaciers, and those with an unconstrained floating tongue exhibited the largest variations. We conclude that, unlike in Greenland, West Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula, there is no clear glacier retreat in the study area and that most of the variations are more closely linked to glacier size and terminus type.
Coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine extramammary sites and intramammary infections in a single dairy herd

Isolates of various species of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) from extramammary swab samples were compared with isolates of bovine mastitis CNS species. Swab samples were taken from perineum skin and udder skin, teat apices and teat canals of lactating dairy cows of the research dairy herd of the University of Helsinki in 1999 and 2002. In addition, hands of herd staff and liners of teat cups were sampled for CNS. CNS isolates from milk samples of subclinical or clinical mastitis in the same herd were collected during 1998–2002. Species identification was performed using phenotyping (API Staph ID 32 test) and by constructing a 16 and 23S rRNA RFLP library (ribotyping). Based on phenotype, 84% of mastitis isolates and 57% of extramammary isolates were identified at species level with >90% probability. Ribotype patterns formed 24 clusters, and 15 of them included a CNS type strain. If the ribotype clusters contained isolates of both extramammary and mastitis origin, they were further typed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The predominant CNS species in mastitis, based both on phenotyping and genotyping, were Staph. chromogenes and Staph. simulans. Phenotyping failed to identify half of the extramammary isolates. Based on phenotyping, Staph. equorum and Staph. sciuri, and based on ribotyping, Staph. succinus and Staph. xylosus, were the predominant CNS species in extramammary samples. The most common species in milk samples, Staph. chromogenes, was also isolated from several extramammary samples, and five out of ten pulsotypes were shared between mastitis and extramammary isolates, indicating that strains from udder skin are highly similar. The second commonest mastitis species, Staph. simulans, was isolated only from three extramammary samples, indicating that Staph. simulans may be more specifically associated with mastitis. Consequently, the origin of CNS mastitis may vary depending on the causing CNS species.
A comparative study of the impact of students' feelings regarding the use of nuclear energy

This article presents the results of a comparative study of two groups of learners – group 1 (25 non-science students) and group 2 (25 A-level physics students). It explores the extent to which their feelings and emotions in conjunction with their knowledge about nuclear energy impacts and influences their views and feelings about the use of nuclear energy as an alternative source of energy. The findings reveal that after exposure to learning about topics in nuclear energy the non-science students were more accepting and open in respect of the use of nuclear energy than the science students. In fact, over 80% of the non-science students indicated that they would support nuclear energy as a viable alternative energy source while only about 45% of the physics students said that they would.
Extending Myocardial Viability During Heart Preservation with Cyclosporine A

Abstract Background and Aim of Study: Hypothermic preservation (PRES) of donor hearts is limited to 12–14 hours for complete functional recovery after reperfusion. In a canine heterotopic heart transplant model, 50% to 60% functional recovery returned after 18 hours of PRES with University of Wisconsin (UW) solution. Concomitant with functional changes were marked increases in apoptotic cells at 2 (2.69%) and 6 (5.98%) hours of reperfusion with a concomitant decrease in lamin B1 (2% and 7.6%, respectively) with no evidence of necrotic cells. These results suggested that blockade of apoptosis may prolong myocardial viability during PRES and reperfusion. Methods: Donor hearts were subjected to 18 and 24 hours of PRES (2°C to 4°C) with and without cyclosporine A (CyS) treatment (apoptosis blocker). CyS was given to the donor animal (10 mg/kg), in the PRES solution (10−5 mol/L), slowly infused during the PRES period (1 mL/min), and also to the recipient animal (2.5 mg/kg). Results: After 18 hours of PRES with CyS, function returned to 100% within 1 hour and stayed at this level throughout a 6‐hour recovery period. Apoptotic myocytes were reduced (55%) after 18 hours PRES with CyS treatment, and 6‐hour reperfusion lamin B1 was reduced to only 3.7%. Twenty‐four hour PRES in UW resulted in no functional recovery. However, after CyS treatment, functional recovery returned to 100% after 4 hours of reperfusion. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and creatine phosphate (CP) concentrations were surprisingly the same with or without CyS treatment at 18 hours and lower with 24 hours. Conclusions: Use of CyS in the PRES solution prolongs myocardial viability during donor heart PRES. The mechanism of action may be associated with the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore via cyclophilin D binding.
A103 immunostaining in the diagnosis of adrenal cortical tumors: an immunohistochemical study of 316 cases.

CONTEXT The monoclonal antibody A103 recognizes an antigen on melanoma cells known as Melan-A or MART-1. Recent studies have shown that A103 also reacts with adrenal cortical cells and may be useful in the diagnosis of adrenal cortical tumors. However, only small numbers of some of the tumors in the differential diagnosis of adrenal cortical neoplasms have been studied. OBJECTIVE To study the specificity of A103 immunohistochemistry in a large number of tumors in the differential diagnosis of adrenal cortical neoplasms. DESIGN Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from 21 adrenal cortical tumors, 16 cases of metastatic carcinoma to the adrenal, 10 pheochromocytomas, and 269 extra-adrenal carcinomas was evaluated for A103 immunoreactivity using a commercially available antibody (Novocastra, Newcastle, UK). RESULTS Positive staining was seen in all of the adrenal cortical tumors but in none of the adrenal metastases or pheochromocytomas. In the 269 extra-adrenal carcinomas, A103 immunoreactivity was limited to a single ovarian serous carcinoma. CONCLUSION A103 immunostaining is useful in distinguishing adrenal cortical neoplasms from other carcinomas and pheochromocytoma.
Factor V leiden and prothrombin gene G20210A mutation in children with cerebral thromboembolism

We investigated whether there is an association between factor V Leiden (FVL) and/or prothrombin gene G20210A mutation (PT20210A) and cerebral thromboembolism in a pediatric Argentinean population. From May 1992 to January 2002, 44 consecutive children with arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) and 23 children with cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (SVT) were prospectively studied at a single center. The prevalence of both mutations was compared with a 102 age‐matched controls. In children with AIS, the frequencies (patients vs. controls), odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the presence of FVL were as follows: 2.3% vs. 2%, OR/95% CI, 1.16/0.2 to 13.2; P value = 0.99. No cases of PT20210A were found in this group. In children with SVT, the frequencies (patients vs. controls), OR, and 95% CI were as follows: FVL (4.3% vs. 2%, OR/95% CI, 2.27/0.22 to 6.2; P value = 0.99) and PT20210A (4.3% vs. 1%; OR/95% CI, 4.6/0.3 to 76.3; P value = 0.3354). One child with PT20210A also had an inherited protein C deficiency. In 12 (18%) out of the 67 children with cerebral thromboembolism, without the aforementioned mutations, other prothrombotic disorders were detected. Although a multi‐center prospective study with a large number of Argentinean pediatric patients is needed to obtain considerable evidence, no association between factor V Leiden and/or prothrombin gene G20210A mutation and cerebral thromboembolism was found in this pediatric series. Am. J. Hematol. 73:81–86, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of a reporter gene to follow high-pressure signal transduction in the deep-sea bacterium Photobacterium sp. strain SS9

Photobacterium sp. strain SS9 is a deep-sea bacterium which modulates the abundances of several outer membrane proteins as a function of hydrostatic pressure. These proteins include the product of the previously cloned ompH gene (D. H. Bartlett, M. Wright, A. A. Yayanos, and M. Silverman. Nature (London) 342:572-574, 1989). Subsequent to conjugal plasmid delivery it was possible to cross an ompH::lacZ transcriptional fusion into the genome of SS9, replacing the wild-type ompH gene, generating strain EC10. EC10 is not impaired in growth at high pressure, indicating that under the growth conditions employed, OmpH is not required for baroadaptation. beta-Galactosidase production in EC10 is induced by high pressure to approximately the same extent that OmpH production is in the parental strain, SS9. Therefore, OmpH abundance appears to be primarily regulated at the transcriptional level. EC10 was used for the isolation of ompH regulatory mutants. Derivatives of EC10 which produce reduced levels of beta-galactosidase at both low and high pressure and which appeared to possess mutations outside the ompH::lacZ locus were obtained. All of these regulatory mutants displayed alterations in the high-pressure repression of a second outer membrane protein, designated OmpL, and two of the mutants were also deficient in the high-pressure induction of a third outer membrane protein, designated OmpI. The most dramatic phenotype was present in mutant EC1002, whose growth was extremely barosensitive. EC1002 is the first pressure-sensitive mutant ever isolated. Prolonged incubation of EC1002 at high pressure led to the accumulation of cells with wild-type growth characteristics at high pressure. These cells are suggested to possess suppressor mutations, as they remain deficient in beta-galactosidase production and maintain their high-pressure-adapted phenotype for many generations in the absence of high-pressure selection.
Yielding to Temptation in Buying: Is It Simply a Matter of Self-Control?

Why do consumers yield to temptation? This article looks at two increasingly common types of consumer behavior: impulse buying (IB) and compulsive buying (CB). Specifically, we investigate the impact of self-control (SC), core self-evaluations (CSE), and satisfaction with life (SWL) on these enigmatic consumer behaviors. First, the article develops the distinctions and commonalities between IB and CB. Then, through evaluation of student and general adult samples, the impact of the above three variables on IB and CB is empirically tested. Findings suggest that SC does negatively impact both IB and CB but its relationship with these two behaviors varies across age cohorts. SC was also found to be positively associated with SWL in both samples. CSE was found to positively impact SC and negatively impact both IB and CB. SWL, however, was not found to impact IB or CB. SC also partially mediated the relationship between CSE and IB for adults but not students and partially mediated the impact of CSE (adults only) on CB. As the above results attest, the relationships examined in the present study are nuanced within a given age cohort but also across age cohorts. Future research directions and study implications and limitations are discussed. KeywordsImpulse buying, compulsive buying, self-control, core self-evaluations, satisfaction with life Relevance to Marketing Educators, Researchers and/or Practitioners A deeper understanding of the role self-control plays in compulsive and impulsive buying is critical to marketing researchers and practitioners from both a consumer wellbeing perspective as well as from a more traditional marketing strategy approach when attempting to encourage impulse purchases. The relationship between self-control, self-evaluations, and satisfaction with life and these two enigmatic consumer behaviors, however, was found to vary across samples of
Where do small, weakly inertial particles go in a turbulent flow?

Abstract We report experimental results on the dynamics of heavy particles of the size of the Kolmogorov scale in a fully developed turbulent flow. The mixed Eulerian structure function of two-particle velocity and acceleration difference vectors $\langle {\delta }_{r} \mathbi{v}\boldsymbol{\cdot} {\delta }_{r} {\mathbi{a}}_{\mathbi{p}} \rangle $ was observed to increase significantly with particle inertia for identical flow conditions. We show that this increase is related to a preferential alignment between these dynamical quantities. With increasing particle density the probability for those two vectors to be collinear was observed to grow. We show that these results are consistent with the preferential sampling of strain-dominated regions by inertial particles.
Fludarabine in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is the most common leukaemia in the Western world. Historically, CLL patients have received prednisone- or chlorambucil-containing regimens, resulting in modest responses and a slim chance of long-term survival. The addition of purine nucleoside analogues, specifically fludarabine, to the armamentarium has significantly improved efficacy in treatment-naive or heavily pretreated CLL patients. Since the 1980s, fludarabine monotherapy has demonstrated an improvement in response over historical chemotherapeutic agents. Single-agent fludarabine therapy has expanded into a combination regimen containing cyclophosphamide and has further evolved to incorporate monoclonal antibodies. A review of the fludarabine literature shows that these advancements in fludarabine-containing therapy have enhanced the overall patient response with a potential increase in survival time, thus representing progress towards a superior treatment for CLL.
Sense of coherence in patients after limb amputation and in patients after spine surgery

Objective. To assess the score of SOC (sense of coherence), BDI (Beck Depression Scale), STAI ( State and Trait Anxiety Inventory) in three examined groups and correlation of SOC score with sociodemographic data, anxiety and depression. Methods. The SOC, BDI, STAI questionnaires were given to 51 patients after limb amputation, 65 patients after vertebral surgery because of chronic back pain and 40 persons in the control group. Results. Patients after limb amputation achieved the same level of SOC score as the control group. Patients who had higher results on the SOC score rarely suffered from phantom pain. Patients after spine surgery had a lower level on the SOC score than the control group. A lower score of SOC was observed in older, unemployed, poorer educated, subjects taking medicine, who did not report improvement after operation. Patients after limb amputation and patients after spinal surgery were more depressed and anxious than healthy people. Conclusion. Patients with higher SOC results, in both examined groups, were less depressed and anxious.
Dravet syndrome and deep brain stimulation: Seizure control after 10 years of treatment

Dravet syndrome is a genetically determined severe epilepsy associated with cognitive decline and ataxia. The many types of seizures seen in these patients are typically pharmacoresistant. Here we describe two adults with Dravet syndrome who were treated with thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) and followed for 10 years. One patient with partial onset seizures received DBS at age 19 and showed a marked improvement in seizure control after DBS insertion and stimulation. The other patient with generalized onset seizures received DBS at age 34 and did not show any immediate benefit. No side effects or changes in cognition were observed in either of the patients. This is the first report of (short‐ and) long‐term results in Dravet patients treated with thalamic DBS. We speculate that the results of DBS for epilepsy in patients with Dravet syndrome may be related to age at initiation of DBS treatment and seizure type.
Reproductive performance following unilateral ovariectomy for treatment of ovarian tumors in 7 mares

Unilateral ovariectomies were performed on 7 mares under inhalation anesthesia for treatment of ovarian tumors. All mares were evaluated for a 2-year history of infertility; 6 mares showed persistent anestrus while 1 mare showed persistent estrus. The presumptive clinical diagn osis of the tumors was made by rectal palpation and ultrasonographic imaging of the ovaries. The affected ovaries were large, spherical, and hard, and the contralateral ovaries were small and inactive. The flank approach technique was used for all of the mares. All mares were operated on successfully. One of the mares had delayed healing and abscess formation in the incision line. In one postovariectomy mare, the contralateral ovary remained small and inactive; the histopathological diagnosis for the ovarian tumor was fibrothecoma and the mare remained infertile after the ovariectomy. The other 6 mares returned to estrus (average: 154 ± 30 days), were capable of breeding, and exhibited normal behavior after the surgery. These mares were diagnosed histopathologically with ovarian granulosa theca cell tumors (GTCT). These mares were not bred until the next breeding season. After breeding (average time to successful conception: 296 ± 20 days after surgery), these mares became pregnant and gave birth to normal foals uneventfully.
Detection of CDKN 2 Deletions in Tumor Cell Lines and Primary Glioma by Interphase Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization

Deletions of chromosomal band 9p21 have been detected in various tumor types including melanoma, glioma, lung cancer, mesotbelioma, and bladder cancer. Recently, the CDKN2gene @ MTSI, CDK4J)has been proposed as a candidate tumor suppressor gene because it is fre quently deleted in cell lines derived from multiple tumor types. We perfonned fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with interphase cells using yeast artificial chromosome clones and a cosmid contig of the CDKN2 region. In 10 cell lines (4 giloma, 2 melanoma, 2 non-small cell lung cancer, 2 bladder cancer) with 9p alterations detected by molecular or cytogenetic analysis, interphase FISH with the CDKN2 cosmid contig detected all 9p deletions previously identified by molecular analysis. Using this prObe, FISH analysis of primary glioblastoma tumors revealed ho mozygous deletions of the CDKN2 region in 6 of 9 tumors (67%) whereas a yeast artificial chromosome probe containing the interferon type I (IFf@@J) gene cluster was deleted in only 4 cases (44%). Thus, It is likely that the CDKN2 region is the target of 9p deletions in gliomas. Interphase FISH will play an important role in defining the clinical significance of 9p deletions In primary tumors because It is especially applicable to clinical samples which may be contaminated by normal cells.
Semantic Search with Keyword

Wepresent a semantic searchconcept,whicheffectively combines the simplicityof keywordbased search with the sophistication of semantic results. Our bootstrapping process is designed to utilize the efficiency and precision of full-text search to provide reliable intermediate results during the retrieval phase. In the second phase, we perform a deep semantic search, based on the previous results for their refinement. The introduced methods include lexical query analysis, ranking and answer selection algorithms and a variety of filtering solutions. We argue that a simple query interface based on keywords is essential to unlock the potential of semantic search technologies and make them accessible for a greater audience. Finally, we provide Pythia – an open source implementation of the two-phase approach – to support further practical research on this topic.
Structural Parameter Dependence of Light Extraction Efficiency in Photonic Crystal InGaN Vertical Light-Emitting Diode Structures

Light extraction efficiency (LEE) in thin-film InGaN vertical light-emitting diode (LED) structures with photonic crystal patterns is studied using the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulation. We systematically investigate the dependence of LEE on various structural parameters of photonic crystal vertical LEDs such as the thickness of the p-GaN and n-GaN layers, and air-hole depth and size. It is found that high LEE of > 80% is obtainable from unencapsulated photonic crystal LEDs for a wide range of structural parameters. In particular, higher LEE is observed for the structures with relatively long-period photonic crystal patterns and possible mechanisms for the large enhancement of LEE are discussed.