Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Barriers to and facilitators of using MyPlate nutritional guidelines in K-12 teachers and principals

Objective: MyPlate, a tool for communicating the federal nutrition guidelines in the USA, may contribute to healthy diets and behaviours, yet whether and how it is used by teachers and school principals is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine (1) the prevalence of using nutrition lessons and MyPlate guidelines by K-12 teachers and principals; (2) barriers to, and facilitators of, using them; and (3) suggested strategies to improve their use. Methods: A convenience sample of teachers and principals (n = 124) from a Midwestern US school district were surveyed. Results: The majority of respondents were women (88%), elementary school teachers (76%) and Caucasian (90%). A total of 18% (n = 16) of teachers included nutrition in lesson plans. A total of 17% (n = 15) of teachers used MyPlate in their classrooms, primarily through handouts and group activities. Being a parent and being more familiar with MyPlate were positively associated with including nutrition in lessons, and income and higher education were inversely associated with including nutrition in lessons. Barriers included lack of time, knowledge and resources, and facilitators included believing nutrition was important, nutrition being part of the curriculum and personal interest. Suggested strategies to improve use of MyPlate included introducing the MyPlate curriculum into health, physical education or other classes; using MyPlate messages in the cafeteria; and posting signage around the school. Conclusion: MyPlate use was low in this sample of teachers and principals in a Midwestern US school district. Handouts, group activities, signage and curriculum integration could potentially increase schools’ use of the resource. Strategies should be developed to reduce the barriers for using MyPlate. Future research should examine a more diverse sample of teachers and strategies to integrate MyPlate into curriculum.
Evaluation of bacterial contamination of dental unit water lines before and after the use of 1% (Lysoformin 3000) disinfectant and awareness of the dental unit waterline disinfection among the practicing dental surgeons of Vadodara city

Purpose: The aim is to evaluate the bacterial contamination in dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) before and after the use of the disinfectant 1% (Lysoformin 3000) for its efficacy also assess the awareness about the same among the practicing dental surgeons of Vadodara city. Methodology: A volume of 20 ml water samples from the DUWLs from the clinics of the practicing dental surgeons of Vadodara city was collected. And were asked to answer a validated questionnaire in private. Disinfection of the waterlines was performed twice a week for 2 weeks with 1% disinfectant (Lysoformin 3000) and the samples were again collected. Qualitative and quantitative microbiological analysis was performed for both the predisinfected and postdisinfected samples. Results: Predisinfection samples showed a mean colony count of 670.35 colony forming unit (CFU)/ml which was reduced to 63.90 CFU/ml (P < 0.001) postdisinfection. Questionnaire assessment showed that 70% awareness of the participants about DUWL infections and the microorganisms associated. However, only 20% practiced any type of DUWL disinfection. Conclusion: Lysoformin 3000 can be promising to be used a DUWL disinfection solution as an easy to use and readily available solution with great antibacterial properties. However, still more long-term studies are required to check for its efficacy in anaerobic bacteria as well as resistant species of microorganisms.
Protective effect of vitamin D on imidacloprid-induced testicular injury in rats

Introduction The degenerative effects of imidacloprid via oxidative stress are known. Irisin is a recently discovered peptide with energy regulator and antioxidant effects. In addition, the antioxidant potential of Vitamin D has been reported in previous studies. The current study was performed to investigate the effect of Vitamin D on testis morphology and irisin immunoreactivity in imidacloprid-treated rats. Material and methods Thirty-two Wistar albino male rats were divided into groups: control (n = 6), corn oil (n = 6), Vitamin D (n = 6), imidacloprid (n = 7) and imidacloprid + Vitamin D (n = 7). Testis tissues were used to evaluate the histopathological, biochemical and immunohistochemical changes. Oxidative state in testis tissue was determined with total antioxidant and oxidant status markers, total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) respectively. Results In microscopic examination, degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubule epithelium, interstitial edema and increased irisin immunoreactivity were observed in animals given imidacloprid. Also increased TOS and decreased TAS levels were measured in these animals. It was observed that Vitamin D improved the testicular damage histopathologically when compared to the imidacloprid group. However, increase in TAS levels and decrease in both TOS levels and irisin immunoreactivity were found insignificant in animals given Vitamin D. Conclusions In the present study it was observed that Vitamin D ameliorated testis injury caused by imidacloprid. Furthermore, imidacloprid was found to increase the immunoreactivity of irisin. In the light of our findings, we conclude that the use of Vitamin D could be beneficial against testicular damage caused by imidacloprid.
Public Transit and the Spatial Distribution of Minority Employment: Evidence from a Natural Experiment

A recent expansion of the San Francisco Bay Area’s heavy rail system represents an exogenous change in the accessibility of inner-city minority communities to a concentrated suburban employment center. We evaluate this natural experiment by conducting a two-wave longitudinal survey of firms, with the first wave of inter- views conducted immediately before the opening of service, and the second wave approximately a year later. Within-firm changes in the propensity to hire minority workers for firms near the station were compared with those located farther away. Also estimated was the effect of employer distance to the new stations on changes in propensity to hire minorities. Results indicate a sizable increase in the hiring of Latinos near the new stations, but little evidence of an effect on black hiring rates.
Elastic properties of anisotropic synthetic calcite‐muscovite aggregates

[1] A set of synthetic aggregates, containing mixtures of calcite and muscovite, were compacted with varying uniaxial loads ranging from 20 MPa up to 400 MPa. Their elastic properties have been measured using compressional and shear waves in confining hydrostatic pressures up to 475 MPa. Measured seismic velocities are shown to depend on 1) the ratio of calcite to muscovite, 2) the uniaxial load used during sample manufacturing, and 3) the porosity amount prior to velocity measurements. The matrix framework may also affect the seismic velocities, but this effect is not easily quantifiable. In general, measured seismic velocities decrease with increasing muscovite content and porosity. Elastic properties have been calculated based on texture measurements, which were obtained by neutron diffraction. The calculated velocities are based on the calcite and muscovite single crystal elastic tensors, their orientation distribution functions, and their modal fractions. A large discrepancy is apparent between calculated and measured velocities, where the former always overestimate the actual velocities. Shear waves display less of a difference between calculated and measured values, than do compressional waves, indicating that waves propagating by shearing are less affected by sample porosity and matrix framework. A better agreement between measured and calculated seismic velocities arises when the initial porosity is taken into account, using a differential effective medium model. Seismic anisotropy is evident from both measured and calculated velocities, and is low for samples containing pure calcite, but becomes prominent as the muscovite concentration increases. The intensity of anisotropy further depends on the uniaxial load used during sample compaction and the initial porosity.
Simplifying Graph Convolutional Networks

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) and their variants have experienced significant attention and have become the de facto methods for learning graph representations. GCNs derive inspiration primarily from recent deep learning approaches, and as a result, may inherit unnecessary complexity and redundant computation. In this paper, we reduce this excess complexity through successively removing nonlinearities and collapsing weight matrices between consecutive layers. We theoretically analyze the resulting linear model and show that it corresponds to a fixed low-pass filter followed by a linear classifier. Notably, our experimental evaluation demonstrates that these simplifications do not negatively impact accuracy in many downstream applications. Moreover, the resulting model scales to larger datasets, is naturally interpretable, and yields up to two orders of magnitude speedup over FastGCN.
Allicin suppresses the migration and invasion in cervical cancer cells mainly by inhibiting NRF2

Emerging evidence has demonstrated the antitumor activity of allicin in various tumors. However, little study has been carried out on the functional role of allicin in cervical cancer. Our data showed that allicin suppressed cervical cancer cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Allicin treatment could reverse H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species accumulation. Meanwhile, levels of glutathione and superoxide dismutase were increased, but malondialdehyde was decreased after allicin incubation for 48 h. Furthermore, TUNEL staining showed that H2O2 treatment induced cell apoptosis, but allicin treatment could decrease cell apoptosis. Western blot assay showed that allicin could suppress the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase 1. We also showed that NRF2 prompted SiHa cell proliferation and reduced SiHa cell apoptosis. More importantly, allicin-inactivated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling could be partially reversed by overexpressing of NRF2. We also evaluated cell apoptosis in SiHa cells transfected with plasmid NRF2. Our data showed that allicin-induced cell apoptosis (43.5±3.8%) could largely be abolished by upregulation of NRF2 (12.3±2.08%). In summary, our data showed allicin was effective in suppressing the malignant phenotype of cervical cancer cells mainly by inhibiting the expression of NRF2, showing the potential clinical benefits of allicin in cervical cancer patients.
Bacterial Community Diversity Associated With Different Utilization Efficiencies of Nitrogen in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Goats

The objective of this study was to examine the association between bacterial community structure and the utilization efficiency of nitrogen (UEN) phenotypes by determining the bacterial community in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of goats that differ in UEN using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Thirty Nubian goats were selected as experimental animals, and their UEN was determined in a metabolic experiment. Subsequently, eight individuals were grouped into the high nitrogen utilization (HNU) phenotype, and seven were grouped into the low nitrogen utilization (LNU) phenotype. The bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons from the rumen, abomasum, jejunum, cecum and colon contents of these animals were sequenced using next-generation high-throughput sequencing technology. Two hundred thirty-nine genera belonging to 23 phyla in the rumen, 319 genera belonging to 30 phyla in the abomasum, 248 genera belonging to 36 phyla in the jejunum, 248 genera belonging to 25 phyla in the colon and 246 genera belonging to 23 phyla in the cecum were detected, with Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes predominating. In addition, a significant correlation was observed between the UEN and the genera Succiniclasticum, Bacteroides, Ruminobacter, Methanimicrococcus, Mogibacterium, Eubacterium_hallii_group and Ruminococcus_1 in the rumen; Bacteroidales_S24-7_group, Bacteroidales_RF16_group, Bacteroidales_UCG-001 and Anaerovibrio in the abomasum; Ruminococcus_2, Candidatus_Saccharimonas, Candidatus_Arthromitus and Coprococcus_1 in the jejunum; Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-004, Akkermansia, Senegalimassilia, Candidatus_Soleaferrea and Methanocorpusculum in the colon; and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002, Anaerovibrio and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-007 in the cecum. Furthermore, the real-time PCR results showed that the ruminal copies of Fibrobacter_succinogenes, Butyrivibrio_fibrisolvens, Ruminococcus_sp. _HUN007, Prevotella ruminicola and Streptococcus bovis in the HNU animals were significantly higher than those in the LNU animals. This study suggests an association of GIT microbial communities as a factor that influences UEN in goats.
Marital assessment from the clients' perspective using the Couple's Pre-Counseling Inventory: A comparison of Mormon couples with the normative sample

This study investigated whether the scores of Mormons (members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints) differed from the validity results of the C o u p le ' s Pre-Counseling Inventory revised (Stuart & Jacobson, 1987). Significant differences were found between the validity study and responses from the subjects suggesting these (differences) are crucial areas to consider when dealing with Mormon couples. The importance for thera­ pists and researchers to consider and employ client's values as a part of therapeutic endeavors is discussed. A client's specific values are proffered as identifying them as part of a subculture (e.g. members of a church) as equally important and recognizable as the readily identi­ fied cultural groups. Knowing the values of a subcultural or cultural group, how they are demonstrated via daily life, and how they differ from standard scores given in validity studies are recommended as important to the therapeutic process; providing insights that can increase the efficacy of therapy. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Client Perspective 4
Comparison of Intraoperative Outcomes between Single-incision Robotic Cholecystectomy and Multi-incision Robotic Cholecystectomy

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in the key surgical factors for single-incision robotic cholecystectomy (SIRC) and multi-incision robotic cholecystectomy (MIRC). Methods A retrospective data review from August 2013 to April 2018 consisting of 104 SIRC and 105 MIRC cases was done considering factors including patient gender, age, operating time (skin incision to skin closure), robotic console time (docking to undocking), the preoperative diagnosis for surgery, any complications in surgery, length of stay (LOS), and estimated blood loss (EBL). Procedures with conversion away from original robotic cholecystectomy approach were excluded. Chi-square analysis (p-value: 0.05) was run between the two data sets. Results A total of 209 robotic cholecystectomy cases were reviewed since 2013. We found significantly less time with single-incision compared to multi-incision (single incision = 94.0 minutes, multi-incision = 99.9 minutes, p = 0.016) and EBL (single-incision = 11.52 mL, multi-incision = 17.17 mL, p = 0.004). There was no significant difference in age or robotic console time. The most common indication was symptomatic cholelithiasis overall, with equal cases of dyskinesia in single-incision approach, although there was no significant difference in indication between the two approaches. Intraoperatively, there was marginally significant use of irrigation in multi-incision (multi-incision 45 [42.9%], single-incision 31 [29.8%], p = 0.0499) and no difference in Firefly, perforation, or intraoperative cholangiogram use. LOS results showed significant decreased stay in SIRC cases (single-incision 84 outpatients [80.8%], multi-incision 75 [71.4%]; p = 0.0379). Conclusions SIRC and MIRC are both safe and feasible ways to remove the inflamed/dysfunctional gallbladder. SIRC is associated with less operative time, less blood loss, and shorter hospital stay.
Chapter 5 Fertility Treatment for Women with PCOS

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the commonest cause of anovulatory infertility. This chapter will explore fertility treatment options for this condition including the risks, benefits and success rates for different treatment methods. The importance of close patient monitoring with hormone levels and pelvic ultrasounds to ensure mono-ovulation and to avoid ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome will be highlighted.
Return of the Ghosts of Dispersal Past: Historical Spread and Contemporary Gene Flow in the Blue Sea Star Linckia Laevigata

Marine animals inhabiting the Indian and Pacific oceans have some of the most extensive species ranges in the world, sometimes spanning over half the globe. These Indo-Pacific species present a challenge for study with both geographic scope and sampling density as limiting factors. Here, we augment and aggregate phylogeographic sampling of the iconic blue sea star, Linckia laevigata Linnaeus, 1758, and present one of the most geographically comprehensive genetic studies of any Indo-Pacific species to date, sequencing 392 base pairs of mitochondrial COI from 791 individuals from 38 locations spanning over 14,000 km. We first use a permutation based multiple-regression approach to simultaneously evaluate the relative influence of historical and contemporary gene flow together with putative barriers to dispersal. We then use a discrete diffusion model of phylogeography to infer the historical migration and colonization routes most likely used by L. laevigata across the Indo-Pacific. We show that estimates of genetic structure have a stronger correlation to geographic distances than to "oceanographic" distances from a biophysical model of larval dispersal, reminding us that population genetic estimates of gene flow and genetic structure are often shaped by historical processes. While the diffusion model was equivocal about the location of the mitochondrial most recent common ancestor (MRCA), we show that gene flow has generally proceeded in a step-wise manner across the Indian and Pacific oceans. We do not find support for previously described barriers at the Sunda Shelf and within Cenderwasih Bay. Rather, the strongest genetic disjunction is found to the east of Cenderwasih Bay along northern New Guinea. These results underscore the importance of comprehensive range-wide sampling in marine phylogeography.
“I Stopped Hearing Voices, Started to Stutter” – A Case of Clozapine-Induced Stuttering

Dear Editor, Clozapine is one of the most efficacious treatments in resistant schizophrenia. With action on multiple neurotransmitter systems, clozapine is attributed with multiple common (e.g., sedation, hypersalivation, tachycardia, constipation, weight gain, and seizures) and rare but serious (e.g., agranulocytosis and myocarditis) adverse effects limiting its clinical usage. There are reports of other rarer side-effects such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, priapism, intertriginous erythema, pulmonary thromboembolism, pseudo-pheochromocytoma, and parotitis. Stuttering is one such unusual adverse effect of clozapine. In this case report, we describe a rare adverse effect of stuttering related to clozapine.
Households willingness to pay for improved water quality and reliability of supply in Chobe ward, Maun

This survey investigated the willingness to pay for an improved water quality and reliability in Chobe ward in Maun. On average, 54% of the households are willing to pay for improved water quality. It is therefore apparent that Chobe Ward, Maun residents in general regard water as an economic good as they are willing to pay for its provision. Those with a higher income were willing to pay for an improved water quality and reliability of supply. This finding corroborates the environmental economic theory which assumes that the demand for an improved environmental quality increases with income. The older the person the more they are willing to pay for improved water quality and reliability. Larger families are not willing to pay for an improved provision of water services. Also, educated people are lesser willing to pay for improved water quality and reliability. Keywords: Willingness to Pay, Environmental good, Contingent Valuation Method
Smart Contract Vulnerabilities: Does Anyone Care?

In the last year we have seen a great deal of both academic and practical interest in the topic of vulnerabilities in smart contracts, particularly those developed for the Ethereum blockchain. In this paper we survey the 21,270 vulnerable contracts reported by six recent academic projects. Contrary to what might have been believed given the reported number of vulnerable contracts, there has been precious little in terms of actual exploitation when it comes to these vulnerabilities. We find that at most 504 out of 21,270 contracts have been subjected to exploits. This corresponds to at most 9,066 ETH (~1.8 million USD), or only 0.29% of the 3 million ETH (600 million USD) claimed in some of the papers. While we are certainly not implying that smart contract vulnerability research is without merit, our results suggest that the potential impact of vulnerable code had been greatly exaggerated.
Growth consequences of foreign direct investment: Some results for Turkey

Turkey has become the dominant recipient of FDI inflows in the Western Asian region. We explore if such inflows have promoted growth as expected. Our analysis of the FDI/growth nexus focuses both on the long-and short-run relations and allows for the possibility that growth also responds to other factors. The results support the theoretical priors and support the existence of a robust long-run relationship linking real economic growth with FDI inflows, economic openness and human capital. Among the three growth ingredients, only human capital accumulation (good education) appears capable of stimulating economic growth in the short-run as well. The results further imply that programs to attract larger FDI inflows to Turkey should persist for some time before they can produce noticeable economic benefits.
Active Passive Nature of Assistive Wearable Gait Augment Suit for Enhanced Mobility

In this paper we discuss the active and passive nature of the assistive wearable gait augment suit (AWGAS). AWGAS is a soft, wearable, lightweight, and assists walking gait by reducing muscle activation during walking. It augments walking by reducing the muscle activation of the posterior and anterior muscles of the lower limb. The suit uses pneumatic gel muscles (PGM), foot sensors for gait detection, and pneumatic valves to control the air pressure. The assistive force is provided using the motion in loop feedforward control loop using foot sensors in shoes. PGMs are actuated with the help of pneumatic valves and portable air tanks. The elastic nature of the PGM allows AWGAS to assist walking in the absence of the air supply which makes AWGAS both active and passive walking assist suit. To evaluate the active and passive nature of the AWGAS, we experimented to measure surface EMG (sEMG) of the lower limb muscles. sEMG was recorded for unassisted walking, i.e., without the suit, passive assisted walking, i.e., wearing the suit with no air supply and active assisted walking, i.e., wearing the suit with air supply set at 60 kPa. The results shows reduction in the muscle activity for both passive and active assisted walking as compared to unassisted walking. The pilot trials of the AWGAS were conducted in collaboration with local farmers in the Hiroshima prefecture in Japan where feedback received is complementing the results obtained during the experiments.