Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Sedative and Analgesic Sparing Effect of Music

Background To determine whether music influences intraoperative sedative and analgesic requirements, two randomized controlled trials were performed. Methods In phase 1, 35 adults undergoing urologic procedures with spinal anesthesia and patient‐controlled intravenous propofol sedation were randomly assigned to hear favorable intraoperative music via headset or to have no music. In phase 2, 43 adults undergoing lithotripsy treatment of renal or ureteral calculi and receiving patient‐controlled intravenous opioid analgesia were randomly assigned to either a music or no‐music group. The effect of music on sedatives and analgesics requirements, recovery room duration, and adverse outcomes was assessed. Results In phase 1, patients in the music group required significantly less propofol for sedation than patients in the control group (0 [0–150] mg vs. 90 [0–240] mg, median[range]; P < 0.001). These findings persisted after adjusting for duration of surgery (0.3 +/‐ 0.1 mg/min vs. 1.6 +/‐ 0.4 mg/min; P < 0.001). Similarly, in phase 2, patients who listened to music had a significant reduction in alfentanil requirements (1,600 [0–4,250] [micro sign]g vs. 3,900 [0–7,200] [micro sign]g; P = 0.005). This persisted after adjusting for duration of surgery (52 +/‐ 9 [micro sign]g/min vs. 119 +/‐ 16 [micro sign]g/min, mean +/‐ SD, P < 0.001). Duration of stay in the postanesthesia care unit and the rate of adverse events was similar in both groups (P = NS). Conclusions Use of intraoperative music in awake patients decreases patient‐controlled sedative and analgesic requirements. It should be noted, however, that patients in the no‐music group did not use a headset during operation. Thus, the decrease in sedative and analgesic requirements could be caused by elimination of ambient operating room noise and not by the effects of music.
Molecular Phylogenetic Evidence for Noninvasive Zoonotic Transmission of Staphylococcus intermedius from a Canine Pet to a Human

ABSTRACT rRNA-based molecular phylogenetic techniques were used to identify the bacterial species present in the ear fluid from a female patient with otitis externa. We report the identification ofStaphylococcus intermedius from the patient and a possible route of transmission. Analysis of 16S ribosomal DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms indicated that the dominant species present was S. intermedius. A pet dog owned by the patient also was tested and found to harbor S. intermedius. In humans, the disease is rare and considered a zoonosis. Previously,S. intermedius has been associated with dog bite wounds, catheter-related injuries, and surgery. This study represents the first reported case of a noninvasive infection with S. intermedius.
Superprotonic conductivity of a UiO-66 framework functionalized with sulfonic acid groups by facile postsynthetic oxidation.

Facile postsynthetic oxidation of the thiol-laced UiO-66-type framework UiO-66(SH)2 enabled the generation of UiO-66(SO3 H)2 with sulfonic acid groups covalently linked to the backbone of the system. The oxidized material exhibited a superprotonic conductivity of 8.4×10(-2) S cm(-1) at 80 °C and 90 % relative humidity, and long-term stability of the conductivity was observed. This level of conductivity exceeds that of any proton-conducting MOF reported to date and is equivalent to the conductivity of the most effective known electrolyte, Nafion.
Enamel properties after tooth bleaching with hydrogen/carbamide peroxides in association with a CPP-ACP paste

Abstract Background. This study evaluated the impact of bleaching teeth using blends of a CPP-ACP paste (MI Paste; MI) and carbamide/hydrogen peroxides in different proportions on surface properties of bleached enamel. Methods. Ninety bovine incisors were bleached with 7.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP), 16% carbamide peroxide (CP), MI and blends of HP or CP:MI at three proportions (1:1, 2:1, 1:2). Hardness and roughness were measured at baseline and after bleaching. Enamel morphology was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA for repeated measurements and Tukey's test. Results. Most of the samples bleached with MI in combination with peroxides presented increased hardness and roughness which were associated to mineral deposition, as observed by SEM images. Blends with higher fractions of MI did not offer superior benefits. Conclusions. The use of a CPP-ACP paste mixed to carbamide/hydrogen peroxides can decrease adverse side-effects from tooth bleaching on an enamel surface.
The ANK Device: A New Approach in the Treatment of the Fractures of the Lateral Malleoulus Associated with the Rupture of the Syndesmosis

The ANK device was developed for the treatment of fractures of the lateral malleolus occurring with rupture of the syndesmosis. While it provides the anatomic reduction of the fracture and the syndesmosis, it allows the physiologic movements of the fibula. It is not used for comminuted fractures of the lateral malleolus and in cases where fibular medullary canal is narrow. We included forty-nine patients who had the ANK device applied and at least 2 years follow-up. The mean follow-up was 41 months (range 24–124). The fractures were evaluated according to the Lauge Hansen classification; 25 cases were evaluated as supination-external rotation, 11 cases were pronation-abduction, and 13 cases were pronation-external rotation type fractures. There were also 46 fractures of the medial malleolus and three ruptures of the deltoid ligament. Twenty-nine (59,2%) patients were evaluated as excellent, 12 (24,5%) as good, 5 (10.2%) as fair and 3 (6.1%) as poor. Arthrosis was observed in 3 (6.1%) of the patients.
IT Enablers for Task Organization and Innovation Support to drive Team Performance

Teams drive organizational innovation by applying knowledge to solve complex problems. However, many teams underperform and organizations do not sufficiently harvest the benefits they could gain from effective IT support for team processes consisting of creative (exploration) and structurally controlled (exploitation) processes. This paper investigates the impact of knowledge application on support for innovation, task organization, and team performance in a mixed method case study in two medium-sized, knowledge-intensive, information technology-affine organizations. We surveyed 204 employees and found that knowledge application positively affects task organization. Knowledge application and task organization positively affect support for innovation. Both, task organization and support for innovation positively affect team performance. Subsequent focus group interviews with 16 employees provided us with an in-depth understanding of factors that support team performance. Qualitative content analysis resulted in nine IT enablers, which can be adapted by organizations to foster coordination while at the same time promote innovation.
Transference theory between quasi-Banach function spaces with applications to the restriction of Fourier multipliers.

En esta tesis se estudian tecnica de transferencia para operadores de convolucion definidos sobre espacios de funciones, desarrollandose principalmente dos tecnicas, El capitulo 2 contiene definiciones, notaciones y resultados preliminares. Se divide en tres partes diferentes: espacios cuasinormados, grupos topologicos y aproximacion de multiplicadores de fourier. Los principales resultados se encuentran en los capitulos 3 y 4. En el primero de ellos se presentan resultados abstractos de transferencia usando ciertos espacios de amalgamas. Esta aproximacion resulta ser muy util para obtener resultados de tipo DeLeeuw, sobre resticcion de multiplicadores de Fourier, en espacios invariantes por reordenacion. En particular, se obtienen resultados de restriccion en espacios generales de Lorentz con peso $\Lambda^p(w)$ y espacios de Orlicz tales como $L (\log L)^2$. La segunda tecnica, desarrollada en el capitulo 4 se aplica en el contexto de los espacios de Lebesgue con pesos, y resulta ser especialmente util para obtener resultados restriccion de multiplicadores para espacios con pesos para pesos en la clase $A_p$ de Muckenhoupt. El capitulo 5 trata de cuatro cuestiones sobre transferencia. En la primera seccion, extendemos la tecnica del capitulo 2 al contexto bilineal. Al igual que en el caso lineal obtenemos resultados de tipo DeLeeuw, sobre restriccion de multiplicadores de Fourier en espacios invariantes por reordenacion. En particular, se obtienen resultados de restriccion para multiplicadores bilineales actuando sobre espacios de Lorentz-Zygmund del tipo $L^(p, q) (\ log L)^\alpha $, extendiendo los resultados de O. Blasco y F. Villarroya en espacios de Lorentz. La segunda seccion contiene resultados de transferencia para operadores de convolucion que satisface una cierta desigualdad modular. Se obtiene resultados de restriccion de multiplicadores en este contexto. En la tercera parte se consiguen resultados de restriccion de multiplicadores para los que se satisface una desigualdad de tipo extrapolacion. Finalmente, en la ultima seccion desarrollamos una tecnica para la transferencia de acotaciones de tipo debil para operadores de convolucion en el contexto de los espacios de Lebesgue con pesos.
Passive energy return after repeated stretches of the hamstring muscle-tendon unit.

UNLABELLED It has been shown that five repetitive static stretches of human hamstring muscle, each lasting 90 s and separated by 30 s, altered the passive properties on a short-term basis. However, a total of 7.5 min (5 x 90 s) of stretching for a single muscle group may be an unrealistic stretching program. PURPOSE The present investigation examined whether three repeated 45-s static stretches had a measurable effect on the passive properties of the hamstring muscle-tendon unit, in vivo. METHODS Resistance to stretch was defined as the passive moment (Nm) offered by the hamstring muscle group during passive knee extension using a KinCom dynamometer as previously described (Kinetic Communicator, Chattecx Corp., Chattanooga, TN). The static stretch exercise was administered to the left lower extremity of all subjects and consisted of a dynamic phase of passive knee extension to a predetermined final joint angle followed by a 45-s static phase. The procedure was repeated for a total of three 45-s static stretches with 30-s rest period between stretches. RESULTS There was a significant decline in resistance over the 45-s the static phase in stretch 1 (20 +/- 3%) and stretch 3 (18 +/- 3%), P < 0.001. Further, the absolute or relative decline in resistance over time stretch 1 and 3 were equivalent. The mean resistance in stretch 1 and 3, expressed as the log(e) of time, yielded an equal and highly linear relationship (r2 = 0.96 +/- 0.01); the slope and intercept did not differ. In the dynamic phase of the stretch, the energy of stretch 1 and 3 were similar. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the static stretching protocol used in the present study had no short-term effect on the viscoelastic properties of human hamstring muscle group.
High‐coverage quantitative proteomics using amine‐specific isotopic labeling

Peptide dimethylation with isotopically coded formaldehydes was evaluated as a potential alternative to techniques such as the iTRAQ method for comparative proteomics. The isotopic labeling strategy and custom‐designed protein quantitation software were tested using protein standards and then applied to measure proteins levels associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The method provided high accuracy (10% error), precision (14% RSD) and coverage (70%) when applied to the analysis of a standard solution of BSA by LC‐MS/MS. The technique was then applied to measure protein abundance levels in brain tissue afflicted with AD relative to normal brain tissue. 2‐D LC‐MS analysis identified 548 unique proteins (p <0.05). Of these, 349 were quantified with two or more peptides that met the statistical criteria used in this study. Several classes of proteins exhibited significant changes in abundance. For example, elevated levels of antioxidant proteins and decreased levels of mitochondrial electron transport proteins were observed. The results demonstrate the utility of the labeling method for high‐throughput quantitative analysis.
An improved DMA controller for high speed data transfer in MPU based SOC

An improved DMA controller for high speed data transfer in MPU-based SoC is proposed in this paper. It can boost the data transfer rate 3-4 times compared with original MPU bus architecture and almost double the data transfer rate of conventional DMA method. It is especially suitable for the MPU based SoC related to the data transfer of large numbers.
Diagnostic accuracy of culture-based and PCR-based detection tests for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a meta-analysis.

A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to determine and compare the sensitivity and specificity of PCR-based and culture-based diagnostic tests for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Our analysis included 74 accuracy measurements from 29 publications. Nine tests were evaluated: the PCR-based Genotype MRSA Direct and IDI-MRSA, the chromogenic media CHROMagar, Chromogenic MRSA Medium, MRSA ID, MRSA Select and ORSAB, and the nonchromogenic culture media MSA-Cefoxitin and MSA-Oxacillin. For four chromogenic media, incubation periods of 18-24 and 48 h were evaluated. Considerable heterogeneity was detected in most analyses. A significantly higher sensitivity was found for the overall PCR pooled estimate (92.5; 95% CI 87.4-95.9) and the chromogenic media after 48 h of incubation (87.6; 95% CI 82.1-91.6) compared to the overall sensitivity of chromogenic media after 18-24 h (78.3; 95% CI 71.0-84.1). The specificity of chromogenic media after 18-24 h (98.6; 95% CI 97.7-99.1) was higher than the specificity of PCR (97.0; 95% CI 94.5-98.4) but declined after 48 h of incubation (94.7; 95% CI 91.6-96.8). The most sensitive chromogenic medium after 18-24 h of incubation was Chromogenic MRSA Medium (sensitivity: 89.3; 95% CI 72.8-96.3), whereas the most specific chromogenic medium after 18-24 h of incubation was MRSA Select (specificity: 99.4; 95% CI 98.6-99.7). After 48 h of incubation, MRSA Select had the highest sensitivity (93.2; 95% CI 83.5-97.0), whereas CHROMagar had the highest specificity (96.4; 95% CI 91.3-98.5). This meta-analysis showed statistically significant differences in diagnostic accuracy between several of the tests and the test methods evaluated. A reduction of the incubation time of chromogenic media (from 48 to 18-24 h) increases specificity but reduces sensitivity.
Grasp acquisition using liftability regions

The author studies the mechanics of lifting a slippery two-dimensional object initially at rest on a supporting surface. The equilibrium relationships are solved to define five liftability regions, and a graphical technique for their construction is given. One of the liftability regions provides a simple way to lift the object away from its support by dexterous manipulation (moving only the fingers, not the palm). The same region can also be used to plan stable manipulation after the object loses contact with the support. The analysis can be applied to any three-dimensional object which can be modeled as a generalized cylinder, by considering a suitable cross section of the cylinder. Friction effects are easily taken into account using the graphical technique. <<ETX>>
Effects of Land Use Change for Crops on Water and Carbon Budgets in the Midwest USA

Increasing demand for food and bioenergy has altered the global landscape dramatically in recent years. Land use and land cover change affects the environmental system in many ways through biophysical and biogeochemical mechanisms. In this study, we evaluate the impacts of land use and land cover change driven by recent crop expansion and conversion on the water budget, carbon exchange, and carbon storage in the Midwest USA. A dynamic global vegetation model was used to simulate and examine the impacts of landscape change in a historical case based on crop distribution data from the United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Services. The simulation results indicate that recent crop expansion not only decreased soil carbon sequestration (60 Tg less of soil organic carbon) and net carbon flux into ecosystems (3.7 Tg·year−1 less of net biome productivity), but also lessened water consumption through evapotranspiration (1.04 × 1010 m3·year−1 less) over 12 states in the Midwest. More water yield at the land surface does not necessarily make more water available for vegetation. Crop residue removal might also exacerbate the soil carbon loss.
Participant perspectives on an individualised self-awareness intervention following stroke: A qualitative case study

Most research investigating the efficacy of neurorehabilitation has focused upon pre- versus post-intervention functioning, which is important for evidence-based practice but overlooks the therapeutic process. Therefore, this qualitative study aimed to investigate a participant's perspective of experiences in therapy throughout an awareness rehabilitation intervention. The participant (CP), a young male with awareness deficits following a right thalamic stroke, had repeatedly attempted to return to work and experienced recurrent periods of depression associated with his employment difficulties. Throughout a 12-session rehabilitation intervention, which targeted self-awareness and self-regulation skills, CP provided interview feedback concerning his experiences of different therapy exercises. The key themes emerging from the data regarding CP's perspectives included: understanding benchmarks and the value of feedback, learning through practical exercises, and individualising therapy. In collaboration with a disability employment support service, CP achieved paid durable employment. This study highlights the importance of considering participants' perspectives of the therapeutic process to assist in the design and evaluation of awareness rehabilitation interventions.
Tackling the obesity epidemic: new approaches

Perspective on the paper by Rudolf et al (see page 736) The epidemic of obesity in UK children and adolescents began in the mid to late 1980s.1 As in other parts of the world, overweight and obesity have become very common, and prevalence continues to increase. The most recent nationally available data from within the UK come from the Health Survey for England 2004:2 in 2–10 year olds 16% of boys and 12% of girls were obese (BMI ⩾95th centile), and in 11–15 year olds a staggering 24% of English boys and 26% of English girls were obese in 2004. Though high, these estimates of obesity prevalence are probably conservative: a high BMI for age is a good simple means of diagnosing obesity in that it is characterised by high specificity (low false positive rate), but it is also characterised by modest sensitivity, a moderate false negative rate.3,4 This means that there are many children with an excessively high body fat content but with BMI below any recommended BMI cut-point for defining obesity, such as BMI ⩾95th centile.3,4 There is a large body of evidence, systematically reviewed and critically appraised,5,6 showing that a high BMI for age is a better measure of obesity for clinical purposes, such as diagnosis of obesity in individual children, than for epidemiological applications such as surveillance of obesity. The other reason why current estimates of obesity prevalence using BMI are conservative, is the evidence on trends in increasing body fat content (as distinct from BMI) of British children,7–9 as well as increasing central adiposity (e.g. rapidly increasing waistlines of British children and adolescents). 10,11 These increases in body fatness and in central fatness have probably affected much of the distribution, so that even …
Improving Classical and Decentralized Differential Evolution With New Mutation Operator and Population Topologies

Differential evolution (DE) algorithms compose an efficient type of evolutionary algorithm (EA) for the global optimization domain. Although it is well known that the population structure has a major influence on the behavior of EAs, there are few works studying its effect in DE algorithms. In this paper, we propose and analyze several DE variants using different panmictic and decentralized population schemes. As it happens for other EAs, we demonstrate that the population scheme has a marked influence on the behavior of DE algorithms too. Additionally, a new operator for generating the mutant vector is proposed and compared versus a classical one on all the proposed population models. After that, a new heterogeneous decentralized DE algorithm combining the two studied operators in the best performing studied population structure has been designed and evaluated. In total, 13 new DE algorithms are presented and evaluated in this paper. Summarizing our results, all the studied algorithms are highly competitive compared to the state-of-the-art DE algorithms taken from the literature for most considered problems, and the best ones implement a decentralized population. With respect to the population structure, the proposed decentralized versions clearly provide a better performance compared to the panmictic ones. The new mutation operator demonstrates a faster convergence on most of the studied problems versus a classical operator taken from the DE literature. Finally, the new heterogeneous decentralized DE is shown to improve the previously obtained results, and outperform the compared state-of-the-art DEs.
Mechanism of Promoter Melting by the Xeroderma Pigmentosum Complementation Group B Helicase of Transcription Factor IIH Revealed by Protein-DNA Photo-Cross-Linking

ABSTRACT The p89/xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group B (XPB) ATPase-helicase of transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) is essential for promoter melting prior to transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). By studying the topological organization of the initiation complex using site-specific protein-DNA photo-cross-linking, we have shown that p89/XPB makes promoter contacts both upstream and downstream of the initiation site. The upstream contact, which is in the region where promoter melting occurs (positions −9 to +2), requires tight DNA wrapping around RNAPII. The addition of hydrolyzable ATP tethers the template strand at positions −5 and +1 to RNAPII subunits. A mutation in p89/XPB found in a xeroderma pigmentosum patient impairs the ability of TFIIH to associate correctly with the complex and thereby melt promoter DNA. A model for open complex formation is proposed.