Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heritability of MMPI personality indicators of psychopathology in twins reared apart.

This report presents Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) findings from the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart. Data from 65 unique pairs of monozygotic twins reared apart (MZA) and 54 unique pairs of dizygotic twins reared apart (DZA) were analyzed. As in other results from this sample, MZA twins evidenced substantial similarity, highlighting the influence of shared genes. Biometric modeling yielded estimates of heritability for the MMPI's standard validity and clinical scales and for the Wiggins content scales ranging from . 26 to . 62 (M = .44), echoing previous findings from the twin and adoption literature on personality. The pattern of MZA and DZA correlations suggested nonadditive genetic effects for 3 MMPI scales. Multivariate profile analyses also suggested genetic influence on both profile elevation and shape.
Endogenous choices of contract types in an agent-based model of the labor market

The Fixed Duration Contracts (FDC) have taken an importance place in the European labor markets, notably in France and Spain. They represent a dominant share of the hires, although most workers hold an Open Ended Contract (OEC) at any given date. There is then a permanent coexistence of the two types of contract that we explain through a trade-off that firms compute between their costs and benefits when deciding to open a vacancy. For the first time are taken simultanously into account for the OEC the firing costs, the advance notice costs, and the losses when the firm is unable to meet the legal requirements to initiate economic dismissals. For the FDC, the specific costs are the termination costs and the waiting cost when a new FDC cannot be opened immediately after a termination. Training and vacancy costs are common to both contracts and included but they are amortized over very different durations among the two contracts and these costs influence the trade-off. We extend WorkSim, an agent-based model of the French labor market which reproduces the gross flows of workers between the different states, employment (FDC and OEC), unemployment and inactivity. The theoretical framework is the costly search by the heterogenous agents, firms and individuals, who interact on the market, taking rationally bounded decisions but learning from their mistakes. The competition takes place in a labor stock-flow consistent framework, taking into account crowding out effects. The model is scaled and calibrated through a poweful algorithm to reach a steady state which reproduces the main observed variables in the labor market in the year 2011 with a correct fit. We generate the main effects of FDC, churning, screening, stepping stone, but also model in detail the buffer effect which is built on an option into an intertemporal decision framework with idiosyncratic anticipations of firms demand. The results of the sensitivity analysis show that pessimistic anticipations and the volatility of demand shocks raise the recourse to FDC but also unemployment. Increasing firing costs also raises unemployment but not in very significant way. Forbidding FDC does not change the employment significantly since the opposite effects of FDC seem to compensate each other. While the model puts into a unified framework the main theoretical ideas that yield the trade-off between FDC and OEC, and can be applied to different countries, it also offers sufficent detail to allow for labor market policy discussion in a given country.
F-fl uorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography after one cycle of chemotherapy in patients with diff use large B-cell lymphoma: results of a Nordic/US intergroup study

Karen Juul Mylam 1 , Lale Kostakoglu 2 , Martin Hutchings 3 , Morton Coleman 4 , Dominick Lamonica 5 , Myron S. Czuczman 5 , Louis F. Diehl 6 , Anne L. Nielsen 7 , Paw Jensen 8 , Annika Loft 9 , Helle W. Hendel 10 , Victor Iyer 11 , Sirpa Lepp ä 12 , Sirkku Jyrkki ö 13 , Harald Holte 14 , Mikael Eriksson 15 , Dorte Gillstr ø m 16 , Per B. Hansen 17 , Marko Sepp ä nen 18 , Karin Hjorthaug 19 , Peter de Nully Brown 3 & Lars M. Pedersen 20
Inability of muconate cycloisomerases to cause dehalogenation during conversion of 2-chloro-cis,cis-muconate

The conversion of 2-chloro-cis,cis-muconate by muconate cycloisomerase from Pseudomonas putida PRS2000 yielded two products which by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were identified as 2-chloro- and 5-chloromuconolactone. High-pressure liquid chromatography analyses showed the same compounds to be formed also by muconate cycloisomerases from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ADP1 and Pseudomonas sp. strain B13. During 2-chloro-cis,cis-muconate turnover by the enzyme from P. putida, 2-chloromuconolactone initially was the major product. After prolonged incubation, however, 5-chloromuconolactone dominated in the resulting equilibrium. In contrast to previous assumptions, both chloromuconolactones were found to be stable at physiological pH. Since the chloromuconate cycloisomerases of Pseudomonas sp. strain B13 and Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134 have been shown previously to produce the trans-dienelactone (trans-4-carboxymethylene-but-2-en-4-olide) from 2-chloro-cis,cis-muconate, they must have evolved the capability to cleave the carbon-chlorine bond during their divergence from normal muconate cycloisomerases.
Research on capital structure determinants: a review and future directions

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the status of studies on capital structure determinants in the past 40 years. This paper highlights the major gaps in the literature on determinants of capital structure and also aims to raise specific questions for future research. Design/methodology/approach The prominence of research is assessed by studying the year of publication and region, level of economic development, firm size, data collection methods, data analysis techniques and theoretical models of capital structure from the selected papers. The review is based on 167 papers published from 1972 to 2013 in various peer-reviewed journals. The relationship of determinants of capital structure is analyzed with the help of meta-analysis. Findings Major findings show an increase of interest in research on determinants of capital structure of the firms located in emerging markets. However, it is observed that these regions are still under-examined which provides more scope for research both empirical and survey-based studies. Majority of research studies are conducted on large-sized firms by using secondary data and regression-based models for the analysis, whereas studies on small-sized firms are very meager. As majority of the research papers are written only at the organizational level, the impact of leverage on various industries is yet to be examined. The review highlights the major determinants of capital structure and their relationship with leverage. It also reveals the dominance of pecking order theory in explaining capital structure of firms theoretically as well as statistically. Originality/value The paper covers a considerable period of time (1972-2013). Among very few review papers on capital structure research, to the best of authors’ knowledge; this is the first review to identify what is missing in the literature on the determinants of capital structure while offering recommendations for future studies. It also synthesize the findings of empirical studies on determinants of capital structure statistically.
Corporate control concentration measurement and firm performance

Traditionally share price returns and their variance have been explained by factors linked to the operations of the company such as systematic risk, corporate size and P/E ratios or by factors related to the influence of the macro-economic environment. In these models, the institutional environment in terms of concentration and nature of voting rights, bank debt dependence and corporate and legal mechanisms to change control have rarely been included. In this paper we have a dual objective. We first highlight the large discrepancies among corporate governance environments. We conclude that there is a need for a theoretically well-grounded measure of corporate control applicable to all systems and we define such a measure. Secondly, the impact of ownership structure on the share price performance and corporate risk is empirically analysed for companies listed on the London Stock Exchange. Within Europe, the UK corporate landscape is particularly interesting because of its widely-held nature and the liquidity of the market for controlling rights. Our results point to the fact that voting power, as measured by Z-indices, is tightly correlated to both share price performance and risk. The negative relation between the largest Z-index and corporate share price performance is explained by the fact that the voting power held by executive directors measures the degree of insider entrenchment which has a negative impact on performance. This negative relation is compensated when outside shareholders (e.g. industrial companies, individuals or families) own substantial voting power and may actively monitor the firm. This is because with a counterbalancing pole of control, the largest shareholder is forced to compromise and maximize firm’s profits rather than his or her own utility function. The risk regressions show that entrenched insider as well as large shareholders my seek higher levels of systematic risk. It may be that these shareholders prefer risky high growth strategies which are providing higher levels of private benefits for these types of shareholders at the expense of small shareholders. We also conclude that the classic Herfindahl indices inaccurately measure control, which is reflected in the weaker relationship with performance. FORTHCOMING IN : Social Responsibility: Corporate Governance Issues, series Research in International Business and Finance (Vol. 17), J. Batten and T. Fetherston (eds.), Oxford: JAI Press (Elsevier Science ltd.), 2003, 123-149 * Corresponding author: Department of Finance and CentER for Economic Research, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands, Email : Luc.Renneboog@kub.nl, Phone: ++31-13466.82. 10 a School of Business Administration, University of Liege; b International Monetary Fund, Washington D.C.; c Department of Finance, Tilburg University; d Department of Quantitative Economics, University of Maastricht.
Beyond the Classroom—A Case Study of Immigrant Safety Liaisons in Residential Construction

Latino day laborers often work at dangerous construction sites with little power to change conditions. We describe the development, implementation, and early-stage results of a program to train immigrant day laborers as safety liaisons. These are construction workers prepared to recognize and respond to health and safety hazards. Based in Newark, NJ, the project involves collaboration between New Labor, a membership-based worker center, and university researchers and labor educators. Safety liaisons undergo training and receive ongoing support for their roles. Both qualitative and quantitative data are collected to monitor progress. Although lacking in formal authority, safety liaisons have prompted improvements at specific sites, filed OSHA complaints, and developed a local worker council. Participatory training methods, opportunities for leadership outside the classroom, and participation in project planning have strengthened liaisons' effectiveness, leadership skills, and commitment. The safety liaison approach could be adapted by worker centers and their partner organizations.
Reference ranges of serum bile acids in children and adolescents

Abstract Background: Bile acids (BA) are found predominantly in bile but also in serum, where they can be used as markers for inborn and acquired hepatobiliary disorders. We measured serum BA levels by mass spectrometry to determine reference ranges for healthy children and adolescents in different age groups. Methods: In 194 healthy children and adolescents (0–19 years) concentrations of serum BA and BA composition were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. Individuals were classified by ages into five groups: 0–5 months, 6–24 months, 3–5 years, 6–11 years, and >11 years. Results: The 95% confidence interval of serum total BA values in newborns was 3.85–6.32 μmol/L. In the cohort aged 6–24 months total BA values were significantly higher (6.61–9.43 μmol/L; p<0.001). During growth, values decreased (6–11 years; 3.61–5.41 μmol/L), and after 11 years (3.09–4.12 μmol/L) resembled those in adults (0.28–6.50 μmol/L). With respect to conjugation patterns, in neonates BA were primarily conjugated with taurine; however, after 6 months glycine conjugates clearly predominated. Conclusions: Our data show that serum BA values vary substantially during the first years of life and that reference ranges for BA are age-dependent. The physiologic mechanisms underlying these variations remain to be determined.
mRNA expression of metabolic enzymes in human cornea, corneal cell lines, and hemicornea constructs.

PURPOSE Drugs from ophthalmic formulations are mainly absorbed into the eye via the corneal route. However, little is known about drug metabolism during the transcorneal passage. The objective of this study was to determine the mRNA expression of phase I and II isoenzymes in human corneal epithelial tissue, corneal cell lines, and a tissue-engineered cornea equivalent (a hemicornea construct) as in vitro model for drug absorption studies. METHODS The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to profile the mRNA expression of 10 cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) and seven phase II enzymes in the three human corneal cell lines and the hemicornea construct. The human corneal epithelial cell line (HCE-T), human corneal keratocyte cell line (HCK-Ca) and human corneal endothelial cell line (HENC) were used. Human liver tissue, human corneal epithelium from donor corneas, and the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 were also investigated. RESULTS All the phase I and II mRNAs were expressed in the human liver tissue. The Caco-2 cell line showed an expression pattern similar to the liver tissue, although the signals for CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 were absent. In the case of the donor human corneal epithelium, all the detected phase I mRNAs had lower levels than did the liver tissue. By contrast, the phase II mRNA expression pattern was heterogeneous to the liver tissue. The expression patterns in the three human corneal cell lines were comparable, although the signals for a few phase I enzymes and N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) mRNAs were only detectable in the HCE-T. In the hemicornea construct, all the investigated phase I and II mRNA (except for CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C19, and NAT2) were expressed. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the mRNA expressions of the tested phase I and phase II enzymes in the hemicornea construct and the three corneal cell lines correlated well with the expression patterns of the ex vivo human corneal epithelium.
How human resources management best practice influence employee satisfaction and job retention in the Thai hotel industry

ABSTRACT Human resources management (HRM) practices are hotel management tools that contribute to organizational success. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how soft HRM practices in the Thai hotel industry affect job satisfaction and job retention. This study focuses on soft HRM practices, which draws on theories of commitment and motivation. Soft HRM refers to human relations between staff and the hotel organization. A quantitative approach was employed using multiple regression technique with a stepwise method for data analysis. It was found that employee satisfaction is not fostered by increasing remuneration, but is more related to the quality of working life, good leadership style, regular training, employment security, the hotel's brand image, and employees' personal traits, a most important aspect. The findings from this study provide a comprehensive framework for both academic and managerial responses to resolve the labor and skill shortage crises. Equally important is the extrinsic and intrinsic motivation and personal attitude theory that underpins employee job satisfaction in this study.
The Glu298Asp single nucleotide polymorphism in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene differentially affects the vascular response to acute consumption of fruit and vegetable puree based drinks.

SCOPE Diets low in fruits and vegetables (FV) are responsible for 2.7 million deaths from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and certain cancers annually. Many FV and their juices contain flavonoids, some of which increase endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the eNOS gene, where thymine (T) replaces guanine (G) at position 894 predicting substitution of glutamate for aspartate at codon 298 (Glu298Asp), has been associated with increased CVD risk due to effects on nitric oxide synthesis and subsequently vascular reactivity. Individuals can be homozygous for guanine (GG), thymine (TT) or heterozygous (GT). METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the effects of acute ingestion of a FV-puree-based-drink (FVPD) on vasodilation and antioxidant status in subjects retrospectively genotyped for this polymorphism. Healthy volunteers (n = 24; 11 GG, 11 GT, 2 TT) aged 30-70 were recruited to a randomized, controlled, crossover, acute study. We showed that acute consumption of 400 mL FVPD differentially affected individuals depending on their genotype. There was a significant genotype interaction for endothelium-dependent vasodilation measured by laser Doppler imaging with iontophoresis (P < 0.05) and ex vivo low-density lipoproteins (LDL) oxidation (P = 0.002). GG subjects had increased endothelium-dependent vasodilation 180 min (P = 0.028) and reduced ex vivo LDL oxidation (P = 0.013) after 60 min after FVPD compared with control, no differences were observed in GT subjects. CONCLUSION eNOS Glu298Asp genotype differentially affects vasodilation and ex vivo LDL oxidation after consumption of FV in the form of a puree-based drink.
MetaEdit+: domain-specific modeling for full code generation demonstrated [GPCE]

Domain-Specific Modeling (DSM) raises the level of abstraction beyond programming by specifying the solution directly using domain concepts. In many cases, the final products can be generated from these high-level specifications. This automation is possible because both the language and generators need fit the requirements of only one company and domain. This demonstration illustrates DSM by showing real world cases from various fields of software development. These cases describe how DSM, giving first class support for modeling, can prevent incorrect or unwanted designs at the early stages of development, and how full code can be generated from the modeler's point of view. Second part of the demonstration will show in an interactive manner both the design side and the use side of DSM languages and generators. Using MetaEdit+ tool for metamodeling, we define a DSM for a given domain and apply it to generate full code from high-level models.
Sister chromatid exchange and growth kinetics in untreated acute leukemia

Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency has been analysed after short‐term culture of leukemic bone marrow cells of eight untreated patients with acute leukemia. Compared to normal bone marrow, results show a statistically significant decrease of SCE (p < 0.001) in euploid as well as in aneuploid leukemias, ranging from 2.11 to 2.97 SCE per metaphase. The different SCE values were not related to contraction status of chromosomes and could not be explained by the age of patients. Therefore, low SCE may be a typical feature of leukemic cells. An examination of growth rates by the SCE technique revealed a high turnover of normal bone marrow cells. About 80% of the cells did not need more than 50 h to run two or three cell cycles. Leukemic cells, however, apparently divided more slowly, which is in good agreement with data obtained by autoradiographic methods.
Negative Social-Evaluative Fears Produce Social Anxiety, Food Intake, and Body Dissatisfaction

Social anxiety and eating disorders are highly comorbid, which suggests there are shared vulnerabilities that underlie the development of these disorders. Two proposed vulnerabilities are fear of negative evaluation and social appearance anxiety (i.e., fear of negative evaluation regarding one’s appearance). In the current experimental study (N = 160 women), we measured these fears (a) through a manipulation comparing fear conditions, (b) with trait fears, and (c) with state fears. Results indicated that participants assigned to the fear of negative evaluation condition increased food consumption, whereas those assigned to the social appearance anxiety condition and high in trait social appearance anxiety experienced the highest amounts of body dissatisfaction. Participants in the fear of negative evaluation and social appearance anxiety conditions experienced elevated social anxiety. These results support the idea that negative-evaluation fears are shared vulnerabilities for eating and social anxiety disorders, but that the way these variables exert their effects may lead to disorder-specific behaviors.
Immunohistochemical Colocalization of Serotonin, Substance P and Met‐enkephalin‐Arg6‐Gly7‐Leu8 in the Endocrine Cells of the Ruminant Duodenum

The duodenum of various ruminants was examined by immunohistochetnical staining for serotonin, substance P and Metenkephalin‐Arg6‐Gly7‐Leu8 (MENK8). Serotonin‐ and substance P‐immunoreactive endocrine cells were detected in samples from cow, calf, sheep, goat, and barbary sheep. MENK8‐immunoreactive endocrine cells were detected exclusively in samples from cow and calf. Substance P and MENK8 immunoreactivity was found in serotonin‐immunoreactive endocrine cells of cattle. Substance P‐ and MENK8‐immunoreactive nervous elements were detected in all ruminants examined. The present results suggest that the expression and/or the mechanism that controls the expression of each peptide might differ between endocrine cells and nerve cells and might also depend on animal species.
PREVALENCE OF TRICHOMONAS GALLINAE IN NORTHERN GOSHAWKS FROM THE BERLIN AREA OF NORTHEASTERN GERMANY

In recent years, the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) has colonized suburban and urban areas in Berlin, Germany, and elsewhere in Europe. Because of the high proportion of feral pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica) in their diet, urban goshawks are suspected to have a high infection rate with Trichomonas gallinae. Therefore, from 1998 to 2001, we examined 269 nestlings from 90 nests for infection with T. gallinae by culture of swabs taken from the oropharynx and checked their oropharynx for the presence of caseous lesions indicative of trichomonosis. In 80% of the nest sites (n=90), at least one nestling was infected. The nestling infection rate with T. gallinae was 69.7% (n = 33) in 1998, 73.0% (n=89) in 1999, 55.8% (n = 77) in 2000, and 62.9% (n = 70) in 2001. In total, 65.1% of the northern goshawk nestlings were culture positive for T. gallinae. Prevalence increased with the age of nestlings (χ2=12.4, n =269, df=5, P = 0.03) and tended to increase with brood size (χ2=9.345, n=269, df=4, P=0.053). Caseous lesions were present in 12 nestlings (4.5%), but only 10 of these were culture positive for T. gallinae. Two nestlings (0.7%) had large caseous lesions (diameter>1 cm) characteristic of late-stage trichomonosis and died shortly after examination. It is suggested that the combination of a high prevalence of T. gallinae with a low rate of pathologicic changes is the result of an evolutionary-adapted parasite-host relationship.