Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Herman 2 The 2004 National Sleep Foundation ’ s Sleep in America poll

ADHD is well known to be associated with sleep problems; problems with attention and hyperactivity are known manifestations of sleepiness in children. ADHD may be associated with objectively recorded sleep disruption. ADHD may be associated with excessive daytime sleepiness. ADHD is frequently associated with a comorbid psychiatric diagnosis in which case the comorbid condition is associated with disrupted sleep. Obstructive sleep apnea, snoring, and periodic limb movement disorder, are associated with ADHD. Stimulant medication in children with ADHD may disrupt sleep. Melatonin, and not zolpidem, is effective in treating sleeping problems in children with ADHD. ADHD often appears comorbidly with anxiety, depression, or bipolar disorder. Children with ADHD frequently have mild sleep apnea. Treating the sleep apnea with adenotonsillectomy alleviates the symptoms of ADHD more than stimulants without the undesirable side effects.
Congestive Heart Failure in the Intensive Care Unit

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a common clinical syndrome among patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), who frequently require noninvasive or mechanical ventilation. CHF affects breathing control by increasing chemosensitivity and circulatory delay, predisposing to central sleep apnea, classically in a crescendo–decrescendo pattern of respiration known as Cheyne–Stokes respiration (CSR). Few data are available to determine prevalence of CSR in the ICU, or how CSR might affect clinical management and weaning from mechanical ventilation.
Box 1 Inflammatory and infectious diseases of the salivary glands in children Viral infections Paramyxovirus ( mumps ) Coxsackie A and B Echovirus Influenza A Cytomegalovirus Epstein-Barr virus Human immunodeficiency virus Bacterial infections

Salivary gland lesions are uncommonly observed in the pediatric population, and benign salivary gland lesions are more common than malignant salivary gland lesions in children. The mucocele is the most common salivary gland lesion encountered in pediatric patients. Mumps has historically been the most common form of sialadenitis diagnosed in children internationally. Chronic recurrent parotitis is the second most common form of sialadenitis in children. The pleomorphic adenoma is the most common pediatric salivary gland tumor and the most common benign tumor in children. Together with the hemangioma, these benign tumors account for nearly 90% of all benign salivary gland tumors in children.
Running title : Pathogenic Wolbachia in Drosophila brain

The pathogenic Wolbachia strain wMelPop rapidly over-replicates in the brain, muscles and retina of Drosophila melanogaster, causing severe tissue degeneration and premature death of the host. The unique features of this endosymbiont make it an excellent tool to be used for biological control of insects, pests and vectors of human diseases. To follow the dynamics of bacterial morphology and titer in the nerve cells we used transmission electron microscopy of 3-day old female brains. The neurons and glial cells from central brain of the fly had
THE PREVALENCE AND CONSEQUENCES OF SLEEPINESS AMONG ADOLESCENTS Prevalence of Sleepiness Among Adolescents

Sleepiness in the adolescent age group is an issue that is gaining increasing attention from researchers and clinicians as well as other stakeholders. Although clinical sleep disorders do affect some adolescents and warrant proper diagnosis and treatment, insufficient nighttime sleep is the main underlying cause of sleepiness in this age group. Points in medical history taking that may need to be explored for adolescent patients include personal habits, such as energy drink consumption and electronic media use, and environmental factors, such as parent-set bed times and school start times. Tackling the problem of sleepiness among adolescents may need collaboration from pediatricians and family physicians as well as public health agencies, parents, and school boards.
Testing gamma-ray burst models with the afterglow of GRB 090102

We present the observations of the afterglow of gamma-ray burst GRB 090102. Optical data taken by the Telescope a Action Rapide pour les Objets Transitoires (TAROT), Rapid Eye Mount (REM), Gamma-Ray burst Optical/Near-Infrared Detector (GROND), together with publicly available data from Palomar, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC) and Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT) telescopes, and X-ray data taken by the XRT instrument on board the Swift spacecraft were used. This event features an unusual light curve. In X-rays, it presents a constant decrease with no hint of temporal break from 0.005 to 6 d after the burst. In the optical, the light curve presents a flattening after 1 ks. Before this break, the optical light curve is steeper than that of the X-ray. In the optical, no further break is observed up to 10 d after the burst. We failed to explain these observations in light of the standard fireball model. Several other models, including the cannonball model were investigated. The explanation of the broad-band data by any model requires some fine-tuning when taking into account both optical and X-ray bands.
Misfits in Organization Design: Information Processing as a Compensatory Mechanism

We propose a compensatory misfits theory which holds that an “over-fitting” organization structure can compensate for an “under-fitting” structure, thereby reducing the total misfit. In organizations, over-fit occurs when structural features misfit the core contingencies because the structural level is too high to fit the contingencies. An under-fit occurs when structural features misfit the contingencies because the structural level is too low. When an under-fit is compensated by an over-fit, the combination can produce performance outcomes that approximate those from fit. The reason inheres in information processing being a higher level factor that cuts across different contingencies and structural features that are mis-fitted to each other, so that compensation is possible. We identify the specific conditions that must be fulfilled for compensation to occur, and we discuss implications for organization design theory and practice.
Contested Institutional Change: External goals versus internal performance feedback

Institutional entrepreneurs often facilitate the spread of desired practices by advocating new performance goals for organizations, yet little is known about how organizations respond to these goals—especially when the institutional logic underlying the goals is contested. We combine insights from institutional logics and the behavioral theory of the firm to develop a model that addresses how organizations react to such contested goals and also to noncontested profitability goals. We show that Canadian firms either adopted or resisted practices consistent with the logic of board reform as a function of gaps between firms’ aspirations and performance. These outcomes are evaluated in terms of profitability and of a corporate governance performance score devised by institutional entrepreneurs. We also demonstrate that a firm sets its aspiration level differently depending on the type of performance goal to which it is responding.
Chemical composition and acaricidal activity of Salvia nilotica essential oil against Rhipicephalus appendiculatus

Cattle tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, is one of the major vectors of East Coast Fever causative pathogen. The estimated economic loss associated with East Coast Fever in East African countries is US$ 168 million annually. Development of resistance and side effects associated with synthetic acaricides has triggered intense research efforts towards natural products such as essential oils due to their efficacy and safety. The aim of this study was to determine the acute toxicity of essential oil of Salvia nilotica (Sage) against R. appenduculatus. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and its chemical composition determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The oil was dominated by monoterpenes (39.39%) and sesquiterpenes (21.78%). The major monoterpenes were β-phellandrene (11.52%) and δ-3-carene (6.62%). Only caryophyllene oxide (6.85%) was found to be the major component for sesquiterpenes. Bioassays were determined through contact toxicity and mortality data was collected after 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. Probit regression analysis was used to estimate concentration dependent mortality for LC50 and LC90 values in mg/ml. The essential oil exhibited potent acaricidal activity with LC50 / LC90 values of 1.8/3.3, 1.7/3.1, 1.5/3.0, 1.37/2.85, 1.37/2.55 mg/ml against the larvae and 3.9/5.8, 2.7/4.7, 2.2/4.1, 2.1/3.8 mg/ml against the adults of R. appendiculatus at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively. The results obtained indicated that the essential oil of S. nilotica exhibits potential as a promising acaricide.
Influence of Price and Decision Style on Wine Quality Judgment and Purchase Intentions

◦Purpose: We sought to test if (a) price information given to participants (truthful, nonexistent, or wrongful) as well as their (b) self-reported general decision styles (deliberate, intuitive) does have an influence on wine quality judgments and on purchase intentions. ◦Design/methodology/approach: Using a one-factorial blind tasting experiment of two wines of different quality, we have randomly assigned N= 104 subjects to three different price information groups: truthful, non-existent, and wrongful price information. In addition, deliberate and intuitive decision styles were assessed as potential moderators of winequality judgments and purchase intentions using psychometric instruments (Betsch, 2004). ◦Findings: We find that wine quality will prevail, i.e. that wine quality judgments and purchase intentions were unaffected by price information. However, decision styles do actually moderate comparative wine quality judgments and purchase intentions. While the association between intuitive decision making and wine quality judgments and purchase intentions is unaffected by price information, more deliberate decision makers are less able to discriminate the higher quality wine from the lower quality one especially when no or an incorrect price is given to them. ◦Practical implications: Because consumers tend (on average) to be able to discriminate between different levels of wine quality regardless of price information, the results suggest that wineries should employ value-based pricing strategies in the long run. Moreover, the results also indicate that wine quality assessments are less accurately captured by consumers using deliberate procedures (as opposed to those with an intuitive judgment style).
Uniform Estimates in Homogenization: Compactness Methods and Applications

The purpose of this note is to explain how to use compactness to get uniform estimates in the homogenization of elliptic systems with or without oscillating boundary. Along with new results in this direction, we highlight some important applications to pointwise estimates of Green and Poisson kernels, to the homogenization of boundary layer systems and to the boundary control of composite materials.
Margalit Disabilities and Typically Achieving Students From the Same Classes Socioemotional Self-Perceptions , Family Climate , and Hopeful Thinking Among Students With Learning

This study aimed at examining the adjustment of students with learning disabilities (LD) and at exploring the mediating role of hope. By means of a multidimensional approach, the interactions between risk and protective factors emerging from internal and external resources among 856 high school students (10th to 12th grades) were analyzed. A total of 529 typically achieving students and 327 students with LD attending general education classes in seven high schools completed seven instruments measuring sense of coherence, basic psychological needs, loneliness, family climate, hope, academic self-efficacy, and effort. The students’ achievements in English, history, and mathematics were collected. The analysis used structural equation modeling, and the results emphasized the significant role of hope as a mediator between risk and protective factors and academic self-efficacy and its significance for students with and without LD in explaining achievements and effort investment.
Diverging Approaches to EU Environmental Policy: An Explanation of the Implementation Deﬁcit

In the European Union, the implementation deﬁcit arises when Union legislation is implemented at varying degrees or not at all. This problem is a common occurrence in the ﬁeld of EU environmental policy. Although results of the directive are binding, some Member States do not comply with their obligation. In this article, the cases of the national implementation of the Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS) in the Member States Germany and United Kingdom are examined. It sets out to describe the inﬂuence of national regulatory styles and structures in the two countries on EU law implementation. Through the lens of historical institutionalism, this paper asks the question: “why are some member states able to implement EU directives more easily than others? ”. The article argues that since it is more similar to the EU regulatory styles and structures, the German government can implement environmental policy more easily than the UK government. Consequently, an implementation gap occurs, not through the Member States’ unwillingness to comply, but due to limited capabilities to implement.
Isolation and characterization of BADH 2 gene from in vitro propagated

During evolution, certain chemical compounds of biological origin have exhibited an array of diversity cutting across the barrier of plant and animal kingdom. One of the best examples of such compounds is 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), which was first reported as the principal component of the pleasant aroma of fragrant rice (Buttery et al. 1982). The prominent plant sources of 2AP other than aromatic rice are Vallaris glabra Ktze. (Wongpornchai et al. 2003), Bassia latifolia Roxb. (Wakte et al. 2011) and Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. (Buttery et al. 1983; Gangopadhyay et al. 2004). An altered allelic form of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) gene was subsequently reported behind 2AP production in rice. The gene in its wild form inhibits the biosynthesis of 2AP (in non-fragrant rice varieties) by converting γ-aminobutyraldehyde (GAB-ald) to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In fragrant rice altered BADH2 (a 7/8 bp deletion or a 3 bp insertion in different exons) results in the accumulation of GAB-ald which then leads to the formation of 2AP (Shi et al. 2008; Myint et al. 2012). However, this postulation has to be tested in other plant sources, since in B. latifolia, 2AP accumulation was reported to be developmental stage specific (Wakte et al. 2011). They concluded that ceased activity of AADH (γ-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase) in fourth stage flowers leads to the accumulation of γ-aminobutyraldehyde which is cyclised spontaneously to Δ1-pyrroline, the essential precursor of 2AP. Δ1-Pyrroline further reacts nonenzymatically with methylglyoxal to form 2AP. Aroma of Pandanus amaryllifolius is conspicuously high; it reveals at least ten times more 2AP than aromatic rice (Buttery et al. 1983). Strong aroma (mean quantity of 2AP 527.7 mg/g of dry weight) was reported from plants of a wild Pandanus Abstract The 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) induced ‘basmati rice’ aroma is plausibly the highest among the plant kingdom in Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. The defective/ truncated allelic forms of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) gene is the major contributing factor behind the accumulation of this fragrance. The present study reports the isolation and characterization of the full-length BADH2 gene from P. amaryllifolius Roxb. The in silico analysis involving homology modelling and docking studies revealed the deficiency in catalytic efficiency of Pandanus BADH2 towards its substrate γ-aminobutyraldehyde (GAB-ald) as compared to the functional BADH2 gene of rice. We have also studied the tissue-specific expression of the BADH2 gene in different plant parts of in vivo donor and in vitro propagated P. amaryllifolius Roxb. In addition to the leaves, we are reporting histochemical localization of 2AP for the first time in the roots of P. amaryllifolius.
A Correlation Assessment of Burnt Adjustment to Society

Introduction: The present study was conducted on “correlating the burnt adjustment to the society”. The study aimed at finding the correlation amongst psycho-social rehabilitation of burnt people with their social adjustment, psychological adjustment, family and peer group relations and economic viability. Methods: Pearson Correlation test was used to determine the relationship among the study variables. The study was limited to Burn Unit Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. A total of 186 respondents were randomly selected from the universe. Results: A highly significant and positive (r=0.520**) relation between social adjustment and relations with family and peer group, a positive significant (r=0.153*) relationship between psychosocial rehabilitation and psychological adjustment, positive and significant (r=0.179*) relationship between psychosocial rehabilitation and economic viability, were discovered. However, relationship of psycho social rehabilitation was negative but significant (r=-0.160) with family and peer group relations. Conclusions: Readjustment of burnt back to the society as normal had confounded relationship to social and psychological bonds from the society. Family was the only institution, having tendency of taking the burnt as normal with peer groups. Burnt had a sympathetic considerations in the society, while not considering them as economic liability, due to prevalent cultural traits. These cultural traits were highly coherent on the basis of religion and local concept of brotherhood. Further understanding the socio-psychological and economic agonies of burnt with specific considerations in job and provision of education for making them viable citizens were suggested recommendations in light of the study.
Macquarie Links Estate: A Gated Residential Suburb in Sydney

The emergence of gated residential spaces in Australian cities has begun to attract the attention of researchers, policy makers, governments and planners. In this paper I present findings from research within a gated residential estate in south-western Sydney (Macquarie Links Estate). The research is based on data from surveys and interviews with residents within the estate during 2007. In this paper, I am primarily concerned with two broad areas - the desire and need for security, and the formation of community and the mechanism of community title. I will conclude with comments on the exclusive segregatory nature of gated residential developments with reference to some dangers and encouraging signs.
Factors Influencing Fertilizer Use Intensity among Small Holder Crop Farmers in Abak Agricultural Zone in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

This study analyzes factors that influenced fertilizer use intensity among arable crop farmers in Abak agricultural zone in Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria. Primary data were obtained from 150 arable crop farmers in the zone. Descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze data collected. The result reveals that majority of farmers were getting old and there is low social capital accumulation among arable crop farmers. Also, age, gender, household size, farm size, perceived price of fertilizer, value of farm output, extension agent visit, number of goats and sheep own by farmers, and decision to own poultry by farmers as well as the distance to fertilizer selling point are significant factors affecting fertilizer use intensity among arable crop farmers in Abak agricultural zone in Akwa Ibom state. The study recommends that Akwa Ibom state government should further subsidize the price of fertilizer to make fertilizer more affordable to small holder farmers. In addition, arable crop farming households in the state should be sensitized on the current method of family planning as this would help to reduce non-farm cost and help increase fertilizer procurement. Furthermore, the extension unit of the state ministry of Agriculture should be strengthened to educate arable crop farmers more on fertilizer usage. Keywords: Fertilizer, Crop, arable, farmer, production, Akwa Ibom
Behavioral Economics

This article discusses the challenges behavioral economics poses for neoclassical economics and the ways in which the young field may move forward. After reviewing some of behavioral economics’ accomplishments and the responses to these accomplishments, the article asks whether its findings can be incorporated into the neoclassical paradigm and suggests additional steps behavioral economics may consider undertaking in order to expand its reach.
Autoimmune and cholestatic liver diseases Autoimmune hepatitis Primary biliary cirrhosis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Overlap syndromes

The management of autoimmune and cholestatic liver disorders is a challenging area of hepatology. Autoimmune and cholestatic liver diseases represent a comparatively small proportion of hepatobiliary disorders, yet their appropriate management is of critical importance for patient survival. In this article, management strategies are discussed, including the indications and expectations of pharmacologic therapy, endoscopic approaches, and the role of liver transplantation.
Kondoh relationship of food webs stability − Anti-predator defence and the complexity

Supplementary data ml http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing. org/content/suppl/2009/03/13/274.1618. 1617.DC1. ht "Data Supplement" References http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing. org/content/274/1618/1617.full. html#related-urls Article cited in: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing. org/content/274/1618/1617.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 44 articles, 3 of which can be accessed free Email alerting service here right-hand corner of the article or click Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up in the box at the top
Pre-service teachers’ reflective judgment skills in the context of socio-scientific issues based inquiry laboratory course

Toplumlarin bilim temelli gucluklerle karsilasmakta oldugu inkâr edilemez bir gercekliktir. Bu tur problemlere karsi pratik deneyimler kazanmanin olasi yollarindan biri derslerde sosyo-bilimsel konulara yer vermektir. Bu calismanin amaci ogretmen adaylarinin sosyo-bilimsel konular temelli fen laboratuvar uygulamalari dersindeki yansitici muhakeme becerilerini incelemektir. Katilimcilar 20 ogretmen adayindan olusmaktadir. Bu calismada nitel durum calismasi arastirma yontemi uygulanmistir. Yari-yapilandirilmis mulakatlar ve deney raporlari veri toplama araci olarak kullanilmistir. Veriler King ve Kitchener (1994) tarafindan gelistirilen yansitici muhakeme modeli kullanilarak analiz edilmistir. Calisma sonuclarina gore ogretmen adaylarinin Yansitici Muhakeme Modeli puanlari birinci deneyden son deneye dogru artma egilimi gostermistir. Yansitici muhakeme becerilerinin sosyo-bilimsel konular baglaminda ele alinmasinin, ogretmen adaylarin bilgiyi aktif olarak yapilandirmalari acisindan faydali oldugu bulunmustur.