Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Invertebrates outcompete vertebrate facultative scavengers in simulated lynx kills in the Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany

Los invertebrados compiten con los vertebrados necrofagos facultativos por las presas simuladas de lince en el parque nacional del bosque de Baviera, Alemania Comprender la funcion de los necrofagos en los ecosistemas es importante para la conservacion de especies y la ordenacion de la fauna y la flora silvestres. Utilizamos animales que habian muerto en la carretera, 15 en verano de 2003 (de junio a agosto) y nueve en el invierno 2003/2004 (de noviembre a enero) para analizar las hipotesis siguientes: (1) los vertebrados necrofagos como el cuervo (Corvus corax), el zorro (Vulpes vulpes) y el jabali (Sus scrofa) consumen una proporcion mayor de los cadaveres que los invertebrados; (2) el indice de consumo es mas elevado en invierno que en verano debido a la escasez de otras fuentes de alimentos, y (3) los vertebrados necrofagos son competidores reales del lince euroasiatico. Seguimos a 65 animales que pertenecian a ocho especies diferentes de mamiferos y aves con camaras de trampeo. Sorprendentemente, el lince euroasiatico (Lynx lynx) fue el vertebrado necrofago mas importante. No obstante, en ambas estaciones, los efectos del consumo de los vertebrados necrofagos fueron de poca magnitud. En verano, los cadaveres fueron consumidos totalmente en 10 dias, en su mayor parte por invertebrados. En invierno, solo el 5% de los cadaveres se consumieron en 10 dias y el 16%, en 15 dias. Concluimos que los invertebrados del parque nacional del bosque de Baviera no son fuertes competidores del lince.
Infrared spectroscopic studies of the different solid products upon the chemical reactions between some transition metal ions/ ammonia/ urea with 1: 2: 10 ratios

There are different solid products (MnO, Co(NCO)2, ZnCO3 and CdO) were presented through the chemical reactions of MnCl2, Co(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2 or CdCl2), ammonia and urea with molar ratio 1: 2: 10, respectively, at ~ 100 oC for 3 hrs in aqueous media. The infrared spectra of the results indicate absence of the essential bands of urea, but existed of the characteristic bands of oxide and both of ionic carbonate, CO3 2– and isocyanate, NCO–. The reaction mechanisms of decomposition of urea in the presence of alkaline media using Mn(II), Co(II), Zn(II) or Cd(II) salts were described.
Collective Guilt Makes Conflicting Parties More Collaborative: Quasi-experimental Study of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of collective guilt on preferences towards resolutions in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The study was conducted in four different countries: Israel (proximate in-group implying a higher degree of identification with Israel) and the Baltic countries of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia (distal in-group implying a weaker identification with Israel). The participants were 240 persons representing the general Jewish population of Israel and the Baltic countries. This research was the attempt to employ both the experimental and quasi-experimental methods to examine the role of collective guilt on preferences for Israeli-Palestinian conflict resolution strategies. In general, the study showed that collective guilt was facilitated by experimental manipulation. The greater collective guilt was provoked in groups with Israeli guilt and ambiguous information. Baltic respondents were more ready to accommodate and collaborate than Israeli respondents. In general, collective guilt and age facilitated a collaborating strategy, but the perceived legitimacy of group relationships and glorification predicted a competing strategy. The more one felt collective guilt, the greater the readiness was to cooperate. The stronger the identification with Jewish people, the less the readiness was to collaborate with the out-group.
The Predictive Method for the Submicron and Nano-Sized Particle Collection Efficiency of Multipoint-to-Plane Electrostatic Precipitators

The multipoint-to-plane electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is one type of ESP devices used for the sampling and control of nanoparticles and sub-micron particles, with the advantage of a low pressure drop and high particle collection efficiency. Several empirical equations for predicting the particle collection efficiency are available in the literature, but most of them are only applicable to wire-in-plate ESPs. For ESPs with different discharge electrodes, the empirical equations are different since the ion concentration and electric fields are different. In this paper, a predictive method is developed to calculate the particle migration velocity and the particle collection efficiency equation η(%) of multipoint-to-plane ESPs in the form of η(%) = {1 – exp{–[β1(NDe β2) + β3(NDe) + β4]}} × 100%, in which β1, β2, β3 and β4 are regression coefficients and NDe is the Deutsch number determined by the particle migration velocity. Good agreement is obtained between the present model predictions and the experimental particle collection efficiencies obtained from the literature. It is expected that the present model can be used to facilitate the design of efficient multipoint-to-plane ESPs for nanoparticle and submicron particles removal in the future.
Applying deep learning for adverse pregnancy outcome detection with pre-pregnancy health data

Adverse pregnancy outcomes can bring enormous losses to both families and the society. Thus, pregnancy outcome prediction stays a crucial research topic as it may help reducing birth defect and improving the quality of population. However, recent advances in adverse pregnancy outcome detection are driven by data collected after mothers having been pregnant. In this situation, if a bad pregnancy outcome is diagnosed, the parents will suffer both physically and emotionally. In this paper, we develop a deep learning algorithm which is able to detect and classify adverse pregnancy outcomes before parents getting pregnant. We train a multi-layer neural network by using a dataset of 75542 couples’ multidimension pre-pregnancy health data. Our model outperforms some of algorithms in accuracy, recall and F1 score.
What Do Croatian Pre-Service Teachers Remember from Their Calculus Course?

This paper reports a study on retention of core concepts in differential and integral calculus by examining the knowledge of two pre-service mathematics students. The study is conducted using a mixed method approach and the obtained data were analyzed using theory of three worlds of mathematics. The results showed that having good understanding of the concepts in the conceptual-embodied world can reflect on the long-term retention of mathematical knowledge in the proceptual-symbolic and formal-axiomatic world as well.
Informal Tools in Formal Context: Adoption of Web 2.0 Technologies among Geography Student Teachers in Ghana.

Despite the popularity of Web 2.0 technologies and their educational benefits in the 21st century classroom environment, their use for teaching and learning purposes is still very limited. This study extended the technology acceptance model (TAM) to empirically examine factors that determine Ghanaian geography student teachers’ acceptance of Web 2.0 technologies for pedagogical purpose. A self-reported questionnaire administered to 300 student teachers in two universities in Ghana out of which 254 responded. The results from the stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that technological complexity, perceived usefulness and attitude towards use had a significant direct effect on intention to use Web 2.0 technologies. However, social influence which is an exogenous factor had the strongest influence on the student teachers’ intention to use the Web 2.0 technologies than the two key original TAM constructs. Contrary to the original technology acceptance model, statistically, perceived ease of use had no significant influence on perceived usefulness. The findings are intended to provide insights to policy makers about how to design pre-service teacher education programmes that address the demands of teaching and learning with Web 2.0 technologies in Ghana in particular and developing world context in general.
WHAT DID THEY COOK ? A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION INTO CULINARY PRACTICES AND POTTERY USE IN THE CENTRAL KOREAN PENINSULA DURING THE MID TO LATE HOLOCENE

This study attempts to understand prehistoric human subsistence in the Korean Peninsula through a preliminary organic geochemical analysis of archaeological potsherds. While traditional approaches focus on reconstructing the ancient pot functions or relative chronology, organic geochemical analyses on archaeological potteries endeavors to be precise about the types of food groups that were cooked or stored in a pot by attempting to identify the specific organic compounds trapped in the clay matrix. Since organic compounds are often preserved in direct association with archaeological pots, organic geochemical analyses have become an important method of investigation which archaeologists use to better understand the function of ceramic artifacts such as pottery and local diets. The sherd samples for the analyses in this paper were collected from the two prehistoric habitation sites located in the central part of the Korean Peninsula: KimpoYangchon site and Eupha-ri site. The main habitation period of the former is around 2800 BP (B. Kim et al. 2013), and the latter site was occupied around 1800 BP (Wang et al. 2013). We show that terrestrial animals are strongly represented in the organic residues, suggesting that views of a crop-dominated diet may be inadequate. Our results provide a critical clue to understand ancient subsistence of the central part of the Korean Peninsula.
Creating The foundations for Mass Innovation : Implementing National Open Innovation System (NOIS) as a Part of Higher Education

This study briefly introduces the National Open Innovation System (NOIS) paradigm, which enables open innovation and online social network (OSN) approaches integration to a National Innovation Systems (NIS) and higher education. With the help of interpretive field research methodology, we present our initial findings regarding the implementation of NOIS as a part of Finnish NIS and especially higher education. Finland is one of the leading nations regarding innovation and educational systems and therefore it could be regarded as an extreme case. This study is building a strong knowledge foundation which helps us to better understand the main obstacles and challenges of this implementation process. It is suggested that the biggest implementation challenges are the recruitment of human resources and the ability to change the higher education organizations current practices.
Attitudes of preservice physical educators toward individuals with disabilities at University Parthenope of Napoli

Background: Inclusion refers to the notion that all students, regardless of disability (mild or severe), will be taught in regular education classes even if special resources are needed. Attitudes about inclusion are extremely complex and vary from country to country and school to school. One of the factors influencing the effective implementation of inclusion is the teacher’s attitudes. The latest results from literature show that attitudes toward people with disabilities are changing in a positive direction over the last few decades. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an undergraduate adapted physical education course on the attitudes of pre-service physical educators toward individuals with disabilities. Methods: The Attitudes Towards Individuals with Physical Disabilities in Physical Education (ATIPDPE) instrument, based upon the Theory of Planned Behaviour (Ajzen, 1991) was used to measure the attitudes of pre-service teachers within three groups of students of the Department of Sport Science at the Universita Degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope” (Italy) enrolled in the 1 st and 3 rd year of Bachelor’s studies in the Department of Sport Science, and students enrolled in the last year of a Master degree in Motor Activities and Preventive for Health. The software package SPSS 19.0 was used to analyze results via a Mann-Whitney U test and multiple regression analysis. Results: Although no significant differences between the groups were found in relation to group year or subject major, results found positive attitudes of pre-service teachers towards inclusion (Physical Education (PE) 1 st year attitude (ATT) mean = 58.93; PE 3 rd year ATT mean = 61.11; Postgraduate 2 nd year mean = 59.80), as well as very high intentions. Attitudes were found to account for 30% of variance of intentions (R² = .30). Conclusion: This research concluded that it is necessary to further improve and develop attitudes and intentions of pre-service teachers to ensure the implementation of successful inclusive physical education programs. In order to achieve this, university courses need to provide more effective courses and experiences relating to the teaching of students with disabilities.
No 93-08 On the Dynamics of Process Innovative Activity : An Empirical Investigation Using Panel Data

This paper addresses three major aspects of firms' process innovative activity: forward-looking behaviour, uncertainty w.r. t. returns of R&D investments, and oligopolistic competition on the product market. Assuming that R&D expenditures are cost-reducing investments, we derive an Euler equation for process innovations and discuss alternative panel econometric approaches suitable to the case where only qualitative information is available. Empirical results are based on an unbalanced panel of German manufacturing firms for 1984-1989 and suggest that the Schumpeterian causality from firm size to innovation activity might in fact be attributed, at least partly, to heterogeneity in the perception of process innovative success.
Discriminants of Chebyshev Radical Extensions

Let t be any integer and fix an odd prime ell. Let Phi(x) = T_ell^n(x)-t denote the n-fold composition of the Chebyshev polynomial of degree ell shifted by t. If this polynomial is irreducible, let K = bbq(theta), where theta is a root of Phi. A theorem of Dedekind's gives a condition on t for which K is monogenic. For other values of t, we apply the Montes algorithm to obtain a formula for the discriminant of K and to compute basis elements for the ring of integers O_K.
The Swift/BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey. IX. The Clustering Environments of an Unbiased Sample of Local AGNs

We characterize the environments of local accreting supermassive black holes by measuring the clustering of AGNs in the Swift/BAT Spectroscopic Survey (BASS). With 548 AGN in the redshift range 0.01 < z < 0.1 over the full sky from the DR1 catalog, BASS provides the largest, least biased sample of local AGNs to date due to its hard X-ray selection (14–195 keV) and rich multiwavelength/ancillary data. By measuring the projected cross-correlation function between the AGN and 2MASS galaxies, and interpreting it via halo occupation distribution and subhalo-based models, we constrain the occupation statistics of the full sample, as well as in bins of absorbing column density and black hole mass. We find that AGNs tend to reside in galaxy group environments, in agreement with previous studies of AGNs throughout a large range of luminosity and redshift, and that on average they occupy their dark matter halos similar to inactive galaxies of comparable stellar mass. We also find evidence that obscured AGNs tend to reside in denser environments than unobscured AGNs, even when samples were matched in luminosity, redshift, stellar mass, and Eddington ratio. We show that this can be explained either by significantly different halo occupation distributions or statistically different host halo assembly histories. Lastly, we see that massive black holes are slightly more likely to reside in central galaxies than black holes of smaller mass.
COLUMN TESTS INVESTIGATION OF MILLING WASTES PROPERTIES USED TO BUILD COVER SYSTEMS

Among the alternatives that can be used to control the production of acid mine drainage generated by reactive tailings (milling wastes), the use of so-called dry covers appears to be one of the most practical. The purpose of such covers is to limit the flow of water and/or oxygen to the tailings, so that reactions leading to acid generation can be stopped. Various types of materials have been considered to build such covers, including geomembranes and fine-grained soils. Because these materials are not always economically available, the authors have proposed the use of fine tailings that do not contain sulfide as a capillary material in a multilayer cover system. To investigate the potential efficiency of milling wastes, a research project is presently underway. It includes different types of tests on homogenized tailings to determine some of their hydrogeological properties, such as hydraulic conductivity, capillary curves, and effective diffusion coefficient. In this paper, the authors briefly review the basic principles behind the design of multilayer cover systems to control acid production. Then some of the main components of an ongoing laboratory investigation are presented. The emphasis is placed upon column tests procedures used to evaluate various cover configurations. Some analytical and numerical solutions to specific problems related to cover design are finally given.
Desarrollo de colonias de dos genotipos Carniola ( Apis mellifera carnica ) en relación con el medio ambiente

Colony development of two Carniolan genotypes (Apis mellifera carnica) in relation to environment Marica Maja Dražić, Janja Filipi, Saša Prđun, Dragan Bubalo, Marija Špehar, Denis Cvitković, Dubravko Kezić, Hermann Pechhacker and Nikola Kezić Croatian Agricultural Agency, Ilica 101, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Department of Karst Agriculture, Polytechnic of Applied Sciences Marko Marulić, Knin, Croatia. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Veterinary Faculty University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Austrian Carnica Association, Kleine Seeaustrasse 10, 3293 Lunz am See, Austria.
Iraqi EFL University Students’ Use of Communication Strategies in Written Performance

The aim of this study is to discover the kinds of communication strategies (CSs) used by high, intermediate, and low proficient Iraqi EFL students in written performance. For the purpose of this study, 47 Iraqi EFL students who are studying English at Al-Yarmouk University College and College of Basic Education/ University of Diyala. Those students have divided into three groups (high, intermediate, low) based on their language proficiency level. To collect the data from participants, they have been asked to write a 100-word argumentative essay. The essay topic is: The influence of Facebook on Iraqi younger generation. The data have been analyzed qualitatively using Rabab’ah’s taxonomy of CSs (2001). The results of this study have revealed that the participants have used some of the CSs which have existed in the taxonomy of Rabab’ah. Additionally, they have used 3 other strategies which have not existed in this taxonomy. The results have showed that the language proficiency has direct effect on the use and choice of CSs in the written performance. Based on the results of this study and the researcher experience in the field of CSs, he has proposed taxonomy of written CSs to be used by learners and other researchers.
Mechanisms of drought resistance in grain II: stomatal regulation and root growth

Earlier research works conducted to identify mechanisms of drought resistance in grain legumes under soil water stress of -0.6 MPa showed that drought resistance (maintenace of turgor) in chick pea was due to a significant decrease in osmotic potential (osmotic adjustment) while in common bean it was due to maintenance of high leaf water potential, but not due to osmotic adjustment. Green house experiments were conducted in the University of Hohenheim, Germany to determine whether maintenance of high plant water potential in common bean under stress was the function of stomatal regulation and/or root growth. Seven days mild drought (-0.15 MPa ) decreased the water potential to -0.35 and -0.89 MPa, accompanied by a dry matter decrease of 25 and 15% in common bean and chick pea, respectively. Higher dry matter decrease in common bean was due to reduced CO 2 -fixation, whereby photosythesis was reduced by 75% in common bean but only by 20% in chickpea. Significant decrease in the rate of photosynthesis decreased the sugar reserve (glucose, fructose and sucrose) of commont bean significantly, which could be responsible for the reduced biomass synthesis. Decrease in the rate of photosythesis was attributed to significant decrease in stomatal conductance. However, water use efficiency was significantly higher in common bean than in chick pea regardless of water regimes. A rhizotrone experiment showed that root length density of common bean was higher than that of chick pea (by a factor of two), accompanied by higher root weight. It was concluded that high plant water potential of common beans under stress was not due to osmotic adjustment but it was the function of effective stomatal regulation and robust root system. Key words/phrases: Common bean, chickpea, drought resistance, root density, stomata regulation SINET: Ethiopian Journal of Science Vol.26(2) 2003: 137-144
Breaking the School to Prison Pipeline: Identifying School Risk and Protective Factors for Youth Delinquency

Academic failure, exclusionary discipline practices, and dropout have been identified as key elements in a "school to prison pipeline. " Although a strong body of research exists on the risks for delinquency, few studies have attempted to understand the variables within schools that exacerbate or counteract these risks. We conducted three multimethod studies that examined three school characteristics related to delinquency-academic failure, suspension, and dropout-at the elementary, middle, and high school levels respectively. We compared schools that were high performing with those that were low performing with respect to each of these characteristics. Our results suggest that school-level characteristics can help minimize the risks for youth delinquency. The majority of court-involved youth have experienced academic failure, school exclusion, and dropout. Our findings, in conjunction with those of other researchers, identified school-based policies and practices that may exacerbate or mitigate the risks for court involvement among youth. The results of our studies suggest that such school-level characteristics as supportive leadership, dedicated and collegial staff, schoolwide behavior management, and effective academic instruction can help minimize the risks for youth delinquency. Specific examples are provided from schools involved in these studies, in which positive school characteristics were evident. Implications and recommendations are offered for schools and school districts that wish to implement strategies that potentially protect students from the risks for delinquency.