Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anatomical variants of the ostiomeatal complex: tomographic findings in 200 patients* Variações anatômicas do complexo ostiomeatal: achados tomográficos em 200 pacientes

OBJECTIVE: The present study was aimed at evaluating the frequency and types of anatomical variants of the ostiomeatal complex. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Computed tomography studies of 200 patients evaluated for clinical suspicion of sinusopathy were reviewed. RESULTS: Two or more types of anatomical variants were observed in 83.5% of the patients. The most frequent anatomical variants involved the middle turbinate (84%) and the nasal septum (34%). Other common variants found were the presence of pneumatized agger nasi cells and infraorbital ethmoid cells (Haller cells). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of anatomical variants in the ostiomeatal complex is high, the most frequent ones involving the middle turbinate and the nasal septum.
Tolerance of spironolactone

A survey of 54 patients taking spironolactone for hirsutes or acne showed that side‐effects occurred in 91%; in 80% of patients, these were related to the anti‐androgenic mechanism of the drug (menstrual disturbances, and breast enlargement and tenderness). The concomitant use of a contraceptive pill gave a lower incidence of menstrual abnormalities. Only seven patients (13%) had to stop the drug. In a further eight patients, a reduction in dose to between 125 and 175 mg daily achieved a compromise of controlling the disease and the side‐effects. Side‐effects tended to occur early and so regular review during the initial 3 months of treatment is advised.
Depression in inactive and active elderly women practitioners of dance, weight-lifting or meditation

Background. The aim of the study was to confront inactive (control group) to active (prac ticing weight-lifting, dance or meditation) elderly women for investigating the impacts of depression. Analysing the hypothesis that depression in old age is commonly associated with inactivity, this study compares depression in randomly selected elderly women of similar parameters – active practitioners of different activity programs (dance, weight-lift ing and meditation) – and in women with a sedentary way of living (control group). Materials and methods. The sample was divided into four groups: dance (DG, n = 20, age 67 ± 4 years), weight-lifting (WG, n = 15, age 67 ± 5 years), meditation (MG, n = 15, age 68 ± 4 years) and control (CG, n = 20, age 68 ± 6 years). The Kruskal–Wallis and Shapiro– Wilk tests were employed. To evaluate depression, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was utilized. The expected level II error was 10%, and the accepted level I error was 1%. Results. The Kruskal–Wallis test revealed a significant difference (p < 0.001) among the groups. Satisfactory results were found in multiple comparisons between DG × CG (CI = –47.723–6.671), WG × CG (CI = –55.024–10.676) and MG × CG (CI = –62.024– 17.676). The practice of activity, either physical (dance and weight-lifting) or meditation, showed statistically reliable satisfactory results (p < 0.05) as regards depression versus the control group. Conclusions. This original research, comparing the groups of active and non-active elderly women, has shown that the activity programs, either physical (dance and weightlifting) or meditation, as compared with inactivity (control group), contributed to a lower level of depression.
Antiviral activity of dermaseptin 01 against Dengue virus type 2, Herpes simplex virus type 1 and Vaccinia virus [Abstract in English]

AIMS: Determine the in vitro antiviral activity of dermaseptin-1 an antimicrobial peptide discovered in the skin secretion of Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis frogs against Herpes simplex virus type 1, Vaccinia virus and Dengue virus type 2. METHODS: The Peptide dermaseptin-1 was used for the cytotoxic assays using Vero, LLCMK2 and C6/36 cells. The antiviral activity was evaluated using (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay for Herpes simplex virus type 1 and Vaccinia virus in VERO cells and for Dengue virus type 2 in LLCMK2 cells. The antiviral activity of dermaseptin-1was also evaluated in C6/36 cells infected with Dengue virus type 2 by cytopathic effect reduction. RESULTS: The 50% cytotoxicity concentration of dermaseptin-1 was 105 µg/ml in insect cells (C6/36) and more than 1000 µg/ml in mammalian cells (VERO and LLCMK2). DS-01 displayed antiviral effect only against Dengue virus type 2 with a 50% effective concentration of 15 µg/ml in C6/36 cells and 60 µg/ml in LLCMK2 cells. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggested that dermaseptin 01 have an in vitro antiviral action against Dengue virus type 2 but not against Herpes simplex virus type 1 or Vaccinia virus .
Candidemia em um hospital terciário brasileiro: incidência, freqüência das diferentes espécies, fatores de risco e suscetibilidade aos antifúngicos

Results from a cross-sectional observational study on candidemia conducted at Hospital de Clinicas, Federal University of Parana, are presented. From January 2001 to December 2004, one hundred candidemia cases were evaluated. The incidence was 1.27 episodes per 1,000 hospitalizations and Candida was the eighth most frequently isolated agent from bloodstream infections. The patients ages ranged from five days to 89 years, with a mean of 32 years. Sixty percent of the cases occurred in adults (66% > 50 years old) and 40% in children (52% < one year old). Fifty-nine percent had been admitted to medical wards and 41% to the intensive care unit. Candida albicans was the most (59%) frequent species followed by Candida tropicalis (15%) and Candida parapsilosis (9%). The most (97%) prevalent coexisting conditions were the use of antibacterial drugs, central venous catheter (77%), H2 blockers (57%), total parenteral nutrition (49%) and admission to the intensive care unit (41%). Out of the 51 isolates tested, three of Candida glabrata presented dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole and resistance to itraconazole. One sample of Candida krusei presented dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole and one of Candida pelliculosa presented dose-dependent susceptibility to itraconazole. Among the study population, 68% received antifungal therapy, but the mortality was 56%.
CAUSE, MAGNITUDE AND CONTRIBUTING FACTORS FOR MATERNAL DEATH IN SELECTED HOSPITALS IN SNNPR BETWEEN 2007/2008 AND 2009/2010

Introduction: Maternal mortality has high public health importance because of its magnitude in Ethiopia. Its reduction is possible. However, factors contributed to maternal mortality not sufficiently identified in Ethiopia. Objective: To identifying cause, magnitude and contributing factors for maternal death in selected hospitals in SNNPR between 2007/2008 and 2009/20010.Method: A retrospective register based study was conducted in SNNPR in purposively selected three hospitals. All maternal deaths recorded during the study period were included. Data were collected by reviewing records using pre-tested checklist. Data collectors were Midwives from health center. Training was given for data collectors and supervisor. Data was entered and cleaned using EPI version 3.5. 2. The cleaned data was exported to SPSS version 16, for descriptive statistical analysis. Result: Maternal deaths were 127 & maternal mortality ratio was 1360/100,000 live births. Direct obstetric causes of death accounted for 88%, out of which 31%, 23 % and 15% were obstructed labour, hemorrhage and eclampsia cases, respectively. Low (3.1%) of ANC follows up. Seventy percent of mothers were in labour for 2-3 days at home and 48.4% mothers died on the day of admission. Patients who were potentially in need of blood transfusion, 90%, 84% and 79% of APH, PPH and ruptured uterus cases respectively, died without receiving it. Conclusion: Maternal mortality ratio was high. Obstructed labour was the leading cause of death. Delay in health seeking behavior as patient factor and delay at health facility as provider factor have contributed to maternal death. Based on this finding regional health office was suggested to make the comprehensive emergency obstetric care service accessible to the rural society in which the majority lives and birth preparedness emergency readiness should be enhanced in the community.
Evaluation of H.pylori Infection and IL23R Gene Polymorphism in Dyspeptic Subjects

CagA strains of H.pylori (Hp) are known to be associated with gastroduodenal diseases. Polymorphisms in inflammation related genes, such as cytokines and their receptors, were thought to partly determine the outcome of Hp infection and the progression of gastritis. It is supposed that interleukin 23 receptor (IL23R), a basic cytokine receptor in the inflammatory IL-17/IL-23 axis, may be related to gastritis. In the present study, we evaluated the association of IL23R +2199 rs10889677 polymorphism and cagA positivity with chronic gastritis. In addition, we studied the infiltration of polymorphonuclear (PMN) and mononuclear (MN) Leukocytes into surrounding tissues of corpus. Biopsies taken from the corpus of the patients were classified as two groups: Hp-infected and Hp- uninfected. The severity of gastritis was graded from normal to severe, chronic gastritis and chronic active gastritis. Virulence factor, cagA, was evaluated using PCR and the polymorphism in IL23R was investigated by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). AA and AC carriers of IL23R +2199 polymorphism, but not CC genotype in Hp-uninfected patients, were not associated with cellular infiltration and gastritis in both groups (p > 0.05). CagA positivity was significantly associated with increased risk of PMN (P= 0.013), but not with MN infiltration (P= 0.069). Also gastritis was found to be associated with cagA positivity (P= 0.044). Our results show decreased Hp infection probability in patients with CC genotype of 2199 +IL23R. According to the clinical and pathological features in Hp-infected group, IL23R polymorphism doesn't influence chronic gastritis and chronic active gastritis. (Farid Zandi, Hedayatollah Shirzad, Nader Bagheri, Ghorbanali Rahimian, Loghman Salimzadeh, Fateme Azadegan, Kambiz yousefzadeh Eshkevari, Fateme Fatahi, Abbas Ahmadi, Alireza Gharib, Sara Gholami, Behnam Zamanzad. Evaluation of H. pylori Infection and IL23R Gene Polymorphism in Dyspeptic Subjects. Life Sci J 2014;11(2s):40-46). (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com . 9
Determinants of Proteinuria among Type 2 Diabetic Patients at Shakiso Health Center, Southern Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study

Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end stage kidney disease among type 2 diabetics worldwide. Proteinuria has been noted to be the cardinal symptom of progressive loss of renal function. This study examined the impact of duration of diabetes, demography (age, gender) and metabolic factors on the frequency of proteinuria among type 2 diabetics visiting Shakiso health center. In this Institution based retrospective study700 type 2 diabetics aged between25-65years result were analyzed from July 2013 to July 2014 and parameters estimated include fasting blood glucose (FBS), body mass index (BMI), urine protein and blood pressure. Proteinuria among the study cohorts was graded no proteinuria, mild proteinuria to heavy proteinuria. The frequency of proteinuria for the varied grades in type 2 diabetics enrolled in the study ranged from 73.3% (no proteinuria), 15.2% (mild proteinuria) and 15.6% (heavy proteinuria). 1(100%) patient with heavy proteinuria presented with grade 3 hypertension; and 4(33.3%) and 11(20.8%) patients presented with grade 1 and isolated systolic hypertension respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed study participants with duration of diabetes ranging from 11-15 years (OR=2.8; 95% CI=1.1-7.2; p=0.028) and 16-20 years (OR=5.6; 95% CI=1.4-22.5; p=0.016) were at an increased risk of proteinuria. The frequency of nephropathy is promoted independently by advanced age, hypertension and duration of diabetes.
Quantidade e qualidade de produtos alimentícios anunciados na televisão brasileira

The main objective of the study was to analyze the amount and quality of food advertisement on Brazilian television in three different times of the day. The results showed that food products, when compared to other products, were the most frequently advertised, regardless of the time of the day in a given week analyzed. Television promotes food predominantly high in fat and/or sugar and salt. The large number of high fat and/or sugar and salt products advertised can contribute to changing food habits of children and teenagers, and increasing the incidence of obesity in the population.
Inspiratory muscle training in patients with COPD: effect on dyspnea, exercise performance, and quality of life.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the effect of target-flow inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on respiratory muscle function, exercise performance, dyspnea, and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with COPD. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty patients with severe COPD were randomly assigned to a training group (group T) or to a control group (group C) following a double-blind procedure. Patients in group T (n = 10) trained with 60 to 70% maximal sustained inspiratory pressure (SIPmax) as a training load, and those in group C (n = 10) received no training. Group T trained at home for 30 min daily, 6 days a week for 6 months. MEASUREMENTS The measurements performed included spirometry, SIPmax, inspiratory muscle strength, and exercise capacity, which included maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2)), and minute ventilation (VE). Exercise performance was evaluated by the distance walked in the shuttle walking test (SWT). Changes in dyspnea and HRQL also were measured. RESULTS Results showed significant increases in SIPmax, maximal inspiratory pressure, and SWT only in group T (p < 0.003, p < 0.003, and p < 0.001, respectively), with significant differences after 6 months between the two groups (p < 0.003, p < 0.003, and p < 0.05, respectively). The levels of VO(2) and VE did not change in either group. The values for transitional dyspnea index and HRQL improved in group T at 6 months in comparison with group C (p < 0.003 and p < 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that targeted IMT relieves dyspnea, increases the capacity to walk, and improves HRQL in COPD patients.
Circadian Dynamics of Heart Rate and Physical Activity in Patients with Heart Failure

The present study was designed to develop a method to continuously measure Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) and physical activity in terms of metabolic costs to examine circadian dynamics of RR intervals and physical activity in patients with heart failure. A total of 7 healthy subjects and 3 heart failure patients performed cardiopulmonary exercise test using four-stage graded treadmill walking at 0% grade to examine whether the acceleration signals in the vertical direction could reflect actual body energy expenditure during physical activity. Then, using this new method, 24-hr monitorings of ECG and physical activity were performed in 24 inpatients with heart failure while they were allowed to walk around freely. Our results showed the integral of rectified acceleration signals was closely correlated with actual metabolic cost in all subjects. Instantaneous changes in heart rate were quite concordant with physical activity. As compared with the asymptomatic patients (n = 12), the symptomatic patients (n = 12) had lower energy expenditure during 8-hr daytime periods but higher mean heart rate. Furthermore, a more prominent ultradian rhythm of circadian changes in heart rate and physical activity was found in 50% of all subjects studied. The simultaneous analysis of Holter ECG and physical activity as the same time series revealed that in patients with heart failure, sympathovagal balance shifted toward sympathotonic conditions and their physical activity could become subject to intrinsic ultradian dynamics of body's homeostasis.
A Descriptive Study of the Influence of Age and Gender on Drug Utilization in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Introduction: Despite the presence of effective guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction, there is underuse of thrombolytics, antiplatelet drugs, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta blockers and hypolipidaemics. Gender and age based differences have been reported. Our aim was to determine the percentage of patients who were receiving these drugs during hospital admission and discharge. Method: A case record study of 349 patients who were admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction during the year 2004-2006, was done. The age, gender, drugs prescribed during the three days following admission and on discharge, comorbidities, outcome and duration of stay, was noted for each patient. Results : Of the 349 patients, 81% were males and 19% were females. The average ages of presentation were 57.98 years in men and 65.02 years in women. The percentages of patients who received antiplatelet agents, thrombolytics, beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, hypolipidaemics and anticoagulants on hospital admission were 95, 42, 43, 46, 79, 85%,respectively. The prescription rate of antiplatelet agents, beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, hypolipidaemics on discharge was 98, 66, 68, 92% respectively. Conclusions: Our study showed that the initiation of treatment in both the gender and age groups varied. However, the use of drugs among the various groups was almost equal on discharge, except for hypolipidaemics. A majority of the females and elderly patients received all the drugs on hospital discharge, reflecting a lack of gender or age disparity. Although the use of thrombolytics, beta blockers and ACE inhibitors was low on admission, proper use after adjusting for confounding factors might be higher.
Association between Lymphopenia and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Iraqi Patients

The clinical manifestations were obtained by detailed medical history and physical examination. The disease activity was assessed with the systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) and the Physician's Global Assessment (PGA). The disease damage was determined with the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Damage Index (SLICC-DI). Lymphocytes count was expressed in two categories: normal (more than 1500/cmm) and lymphopenia (less than 1500/cmm); the count of less than 500/cmm was considered as marked lymphopenia. The relationship of lymphopenia with clinical, pharmacologic treatment variables, SLEDAI, PGA and SLICC-DI scores was examined. Results: Lymphopenia was found to be positively associated with skin manifestations, renal involvement, serositis and the use of steroids. Marked lymphopenia was associated with even higher SLEDAI, PGA and SLICC-DI scores. Conclusion: Lymphopenia was associated with some clinical manifestations of SLE and with more disease activity and damage. Marked lymphopenia was associated with even higher disease activity and damage .
Meeting the psychiatric needs of children in foster care

This study sought social workers' views on the mental health needs of a sample of foster children. Out of the sample 80% of the children were considered to require treatment from a child mental health professional but only 27% had received any input. The reasons given for not referring for treatment were placement instability, inadequate child mental health resources and insufficient local authority funding. The provision of consultation services to allocated social workers and the availability of child mental health professionals at local authority reviews should be considered.
The lung function in operated acquired mitral and aortic valve diseases without left ventricular failure - preliminary observations before operation

Introduction: The study has been designed to evaluate the influence of the operations on cardio-pulmonary by-pass, particulary with systemic normothermia and cold crystalloid cardioplegia on the function of heart and lungs. Material and methods: 27 non-smokers 21-78 year old, 16 with aortic, 11 mitral valve diseases, 22 in NYHA III, 5 – IV class, randomly chosen pursuing excluding criteria before operation. Bodypletysmography, spirometry, and diffusing capacity were compared to the control group, and with American Thoracic Society (ATS) norms. Results: Following patients' data values were significantly worse: Vital Capacity (p<0.05) – sitting position, and in sitting and supine positions: Forced Vital Capacity (p<0.001), Alveollar Volume (VA, p<0.05), Hemoglobin standardized Lung Diffusing Capacity for Carbon monoxide (TLCOc; p<0.05), and body surface area standardized TLCOc (TLCOc/BSA; p<0.001), whereas TLCOc/VA – insignificantly. After changing the position from sitting to supine most changes are similar, but the patients lacked a fall in percent-normal Residual Volume (RV), unlike in RV % Total Lung Capacity. Conclusions: Mild restrictive lung dysfunction is associated with acquired valve diseases before left ventricular failure develops, and respiratory adaptation to the supine position is almost unaffected.