Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
To Compare the Effectiveness of Vaginal High Uterosacral Ligament Suspension and McCall's Culdoplasty during Vaginal Hysterectomy for Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Introduction: Vaginal vault prolapse can be prevented by supporting the vaginal cuff, which is an essential part of hysterectomy, whether done abdominally or vaginally. The American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists (AAGL) has recommended for future research, specifically, a randomized trial comparing McCall’s culdoplasty (with uterosacral ligament plication) with vaginal high uterosacral ligament suspension (HUSLS) (without plication), since both procedures are accessible to gynecological surgeons without urologic background. Hence, this study was carried out. Aim: To compare both anatomic and functional outcomes of patients undergoing vaginal HUSLS or McCall’s culdoplasty at the time of vaginal hysterectomy. Materials and methods: This hospital-based prospective comparative study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015 over a period of 3 years after obtaining Ethical Committee approval. All women attending gynecological outpatient department having symptom of mass coming out of vagina were subjected to detailed history, examination, and later underwent either HUSLS (43) or McCall’s culdoplasty (42), for vault suspension with concomitant hysterectomy. The effectiveness of both the procedures was assessed by preoperative and postoperative pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) and both were compared. Observations: There was statistically significant improvement in all the sites of POP-Q points by HUSLS and McCall’s culdoplasty as a method of vault suspension except in total vaginal length (TVL). Vault suspension by HUSLS is better than McCall’s culdoplasty. All the points of POP-Q showed better results but the point C was significantly placed at a higher level by HUSLS (p = 0.000) as compared with McCall’s culdoplasty. The time required for HUSLS was statistically more as compared with repair by McCall’s culdoplasty (81.55/74.53 minutes, T: 1.981, p: 0.05). Complications, such as hemorrhage and ureteric injuries were more in HUSLS (2/43, 4.8%) as compared with McCall’s culdoplasty (0/42); this is statistically significant. Conclusion: High uterosacral ligament suspension provides excellent suspensory support to vaginal vault. Vagina is suspended over the levator ani with normal axis toward sacrum. By doing HUSLS, the vagina is symmetrically supported directed toward the hollow of sacrum. High uterosacral ligament suspension is highly recommended for young women with POP as vaginal length is not altered at all and so is the quality of life.
Mamíferos medianos y grandes en sitios de tala de impacto reducido y de conservación en la sierra Juárez, Oaxaca

El sistema de tala de impacto reducido busca afectar minimamente la biodiversidad. Sin embargo, su efecto sobre las poblaciones de mamiferos medianos y grandes ha sido escasamente explorado. En la sierra Juarez de Oaxaca, que presenta una alta diversidad de mamiferos medianos y grandes, se ha implementado ese sistema de manejo, lo que permite evaluar los impactos de esta tecnica forestal sobre este tipo de fauna. Se estudio la diversidad y estructura del ensamble de mamiferos medianos y grandes presentes en areas con tala de impacto reducido (n = 3) y areas de conservacion (n = 3). Los resultados indican que este sistema de manejo forestal permite mantener la estructura del ensamble de mamiferos de talla media y grande. Entre los factores que parecen favorecer esta situacion son el tamano pequeno de las areas de manejo y la alta cobertura forestal circundante. La implementacion de esta tecnica en otros ecosistemas forestales puede ayudar a reducir el fuerte impacto que hay sobre las poblaciones de mamiferos silvestres en areas bajo explotacion.
Psychometric validation of teacher empathy scale: Measurement invariance in gender

Result from Wang et al. study described the development and validation of an empathy scale for teachers (EST) and suggested that the EST could be an effective tool to assess the empathy of primary, middle and high school teachers in relation to their students. This study examines the factorial structure and factorial invariance of the EST in an Iranian sample. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to explore dimensionality and test for measurement invariance in factor structure, factor loadings and intercepts across gender in a sample (N = 462), of Iranian high-school male and female teachers (24–55 years). The data supported the multidimensional structure in both male and female samples. Accordingly, all factor loadings were significant and scale structure confirmed like the original scale. The results indicated that the EST includes three dimensions: cognitive empathy, negative affective empathy and positive affective empathy, and the internal consistency reliability of the three subscales are satisfactory in total sample and both sexes. Furthermore, the results revealed that invariance of the measure according to gender was confirmed. In addition, as the validity evidence, the EST is positively correlated with empathic concern scale scores. The study suggests that the EST could be an effective tool to measure the empathy of high school teachers in relation to their students in Iranian sample.
Local and teleconnected temperature effects of afforestation and vegetation greening in China

Abstract Afforestation in China provides carbon sequestration and prevents soil erosion, but its remote impacts on climate in other regions via the coupling of forest energy fluxes with atmospheric circulation are largely unknown. Here, we prescribe inventory-based forest cover change and satellite-observed leaf area index from 1982 to 2011 in a coupled land-atmosphere model to simulate their biophysical climate effects. Both local and global surface air temperatures show a seasonal contrast in response to past vegetation cover expansion over China: a phenomenon we primarily attribute to a variation of seasonality of vegetation greening. A large cooling in spring results in concurrent decreases in geopotential height over China and zonal wind over Mongolia, causing a dipole structure in the upper troposphere over the Arctic. This accounts for ∼58% of simulated spring warming over the Russian Arctic and ∼61% of simulated spring cooling over the Canadian Artic. Our results imply that spring vegetation dynamics in China may affect climate in northern high latitudes.
Commentary: Non-linearity in LCA – What are we talking about?

COPYRIGHT © 2022 Heijungs and Suh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Commentary: Non-linearity in LCA – What are we talking about?
The association between the severity and distribution of white matter lesions and hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background and purpose As a part of the natural course of ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a serious complication after reperfusion treatment, which may affect the prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke. White matter lesions (WMLs) refer to focal lesions on neuroimaging and have been suggested to indicate a high risk of HT. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize current evidence on the relation between WML and HT. Methods This systematic review was prepared with reference to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for publications on WML and HT in patients with ischemic stroke. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from eligible studies were combined to quantify the association between the severity of WML and the risk of HT. In addition, the descriptive analysis was adopted to evaluate the influence of different WML distributions on predicting HT. Results A total of 2,303 articles were identified after removing duplicates through database searching, and 41 studies were included in our final analysis. The meta-analysis showed that the presence of WML was associated with HT (OR = 1.62, 95%CI 1.08–2.43, p = 0.019) and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) (OR = 1.64, 95%CI 1.17–2.30, p = 0.004), and moderate-to-severe WML indicated a high risk of HT (OR = 2.03, 95%CI 1.33–3.12, p = 0.001) and sICH (OR = 1.92, 95%CI 1.31–2.81, p < 0.001). The dose–response meta-analysis revealed risk effects of increasing the severity of WML on both HT and ICH. In addition, both periventricular WML (PWML) (five of seven articles) and deep WML (DWML) (five of six articles) were shown to be associated with HT. Conclusions White matter lesions are associated with overall HT and sICH in patients with ischemic stroke, and more severe WMLs indicate a high risk of HT and sICH. In addition, both PWML and DWMLs could be risk factors for HT. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/, identifier: PROSPERO CRD42022313467.
Light exposure during development affects physiology of adults in Drosophila melanogaster

Light is one of most important factors synchronizing organisms to day/night cycles in the environment. In Drosophila it is received through compound eyes, Hofbauer-Buchner eyelet, ocelli, using phospholipase C-dependent phototransduction and by deep brain photoreceptors, like Cryptochrome. Even a single light pulse during early life induces larval-time memory, which synchronizes the circadian clock and maintains daily rhythms in adult flies. In this study we investigated several processes in adult flies after maintaining their embryos, larvae and pupae in constant darkness (DD) until eclosion. We found that the lack of external light during development affects sleep time, by reduction of night sleep, and in effect shift to the daytime. However, disruption of internal CRY- dependent photoreception annuls this effect. We also observed changes in the expression of genes encoding neurotransmitters and their receptors between flies kept in different light regime. In addition, the lack of light during development results in decreasing size of mushroom bodies, involved in sleep regulation. Taking together, our results show that presence of light during early life plays a key role in brain development and affects adult behavior.
The Toxic Effect Of Sildenafil Citrate On Adult Albino Rat Testis And The Possible Protective Role Of Royal Jelly (Histological And Immunohistochemical Study)

Background: Phosphodiesterase inhibitor was appearing as a magic tool in treatment of erectile dysfunction, however, it might lead to harmful effects in high dose and long term administration. The aim of the work: This study aimed to evaluate the toxic effect of sildenafil citrate on the histological structure of the testis of adult albino rats and the possible protective role of royal jelly. Materials and methods: Thirty five adult male albino rats were divided into 3 groups; the control group divided into (subgroup Ca, Cb and Cc), experimental group divided into (subgroup Ea and Eb) and treated group divided into (subgroup Ta and Tb). In the experimental group sildenafil citrate was given at a dose of 9 mg/kg in subgroup Ea and 13.5mg/kg in subgroup Eb orally daily for 30 days. In the treated group rats were treated by royal jelly at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 30 days orally after stoppage of sildenafil citrate. In the present study, the sperm count, histological and immunohistochemical studies were evaluated. Result : Daily oral administration of sildenafil citrate (9mg/kg and13.5 mg/kg ) for 30 day had reduced the sperm count and induced apparent degeneration with detached, distorted germ cell and congested blood vessels with significant decrease in Proliferating cell nuclear antigen Labeling Index (PCNA- LI). After royal jelly administration, there was an improvement in sperm count and histopathological changes induced by sildenafil citrate with a significant increase in PCNA -LI. Conclusion: Long-term daily use of Sildenafil citrate produced histological changes in the testis and reduced the spermatogenesis with a significant decrease in sperm count and these side effects can be prevented by using royal jelly.
A family study of symbolic learning and synaptic plasticity in autism spectrum disorder

The current study presents a male with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and a 3q29 deletion, and three healthy first-degree relatives. Our magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) dataset included a healthy control subset. We describe a comprehensive multimodal approach, including equivalence class formation, neurocognitive testing, MRI, and electroencephalography (EEG)-based cortical plasticity, which can provide new insights into socio-communicative and learning impairments and neural underpinnings in ASD. On neurocognitive testing, the proband showed reduced processing speed, attending behavior, and executive function. He required more training trials in equivalence class training compared with family members and exhibited impaired priming of words compared with priming with images. The proband had smaller intracranial volume and surface area and a larger visual evoked potential (VEP) C1 amplitude than family members and intact long-term potentiation (LTP)-like visual cortex plasticity. Together, these results suggest that 3q29 deletion-related ASD is associated with impaired problem-solving strategies in complex socio-communicative and learning tasks, smaller intracranial and surface area, altered VEP amplitude, and normal LTP-like visual cortex plasticity. Further studies are needed to clarify whether this multimodal approach can be used to identify ASD subgroups with distinct neurobiological alterations and to uncover mechanisms underlying socio-communicative and learning impairments. Lay Summary: We studied learning, brain activity, and brain structure in a person with autism and a genetic aberration, and his close relatives. Compared with relatives, the person with autism required more training for learning, and visual learning was better than verbal learning. This person had some changes in the activity of the visual cortex, and the size and the surface area of the brain were reduced. Knowledge about learning and brain mechanisms is valuable for the development of training programs for individuals with autism.
Genome-wide identification of YABBY genes in three Cymbidium species and expression patterns in C. ensifolium (Orchidaceae)

Members of the YABBY gene family play significant roles in lamina development in cotyledons, floral organs, and other lateral organs. The Orchidaceae family is one of the largest angiosperm groups. Some YABBYs have been reported in Orchidaceae. However, the function of YABBY genes in Cymbidium is currently unknown. In this study, 24 YABBY genes were identified in Cymbidium ensifolium, C. goeringii, and C. sinense. We analyzed the conserved domains and motifs, the phylogenetic relationships, chromosome distribution, collinear correlation, and cis-elements of these three species. We also analyzed expression patterns of C. ensifolium and C. goeringii. Phylogenetic relationships analysis indicated that 24 YABBY genes were clustered in four groups, INO, CRC/DL, YAB2, and YAB3/FIL. For most YABBY genes, the zinc finger domain was located near the N-terminus and the helix-loop-helix domain (YABBY domain) near the C-terminus. Chromosomal location analysis results suggested that only C. goeringii YABBY has tandem repeat genes. Almost all the YABBY genes displayed corresponding one-to-one relationships in the syntenic relationships analysis. Cis-elements analysis indicated that most elements were clustered in light-responsive elements, followed by MeJA-responsive elements. Expression patterns showed that YAB2 genes have high expression in floral organs. RT-qPCR analysis showed high expression of CeYAB3 in lip, petal, and in the gynostemium. CeCRC and CeYAB2.2 were highly expressed in gynostemium. These findings provide valuable information of YABBY genes in Cymbidium species and the function in Orchidaceae.
Plasmid transmitted small multidrug resistant (SMR) efflux pumps differ in gene regulation and enhance tolerance to quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) when grown as biofilms

Small multidrug resistance (SMR) efflux pump genes are commonly identified from integrons carried by multidrug-resistant (MDR) plasmids. SMR pumps are annotated as ‘qac’ for their ability to confer resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) but few qac are characterized to date. Hence, we have examined SMR sequence diversity, antimicrobial susceptibility, and gene expression from >500 sequenced proteobacterial plasmids. SMR sequence diversity from plasmid database surveys identified 20 unique SMR sequences annotated as qacE/EΔ1/F/G/H/I/L, or sugE. Phylogenetic analysis shows ‘Qac’ sequences are homologous to archetypical SMR member EmrE, and share a single sequence origin. In contrast, SugE sequences are homologous to archetypical member Gdx/SugE and likely originate from different species. SMR genes, qacE, qacEΔ1, qacF, qacG, qacH, and sugE(p), were over-expressed in Escherichia coli to determine their QAC antimicrobial susceptibility as planktonic, colony, and biofilms. SMRs (except qacEΔ1/sugE) expressed in biofilms significantly increased its QAC tolerance as compared to planktonic and colony growth. Analysis of upstream SMR nucleotide regions indicate sugE(p) genes are regulated by type II guanidinium riboswitches, whereas qacE and qacEΔ1 have a conserved class I integron Pq promoter, and qacF/G/H are regulated by integron Pc promoter in variable cassettes region. Beta-galactosidase assays were used to characterize growth conditions regulating Pq and Pc promoters and revealed that Pq and Pc have different expression profiles during heat, peroxide, and QAC exposure. Altogether, this study reveals that biofilm growth methods are optimal for SMR-mediated QAC susceptibility testing and suggests SMR gene regulation on plasmids is similar to chromosomally inherited SMR members.
Adolescents’ misperceptions and low literacy associated with the inappropriate use of over-the-counter cold medicines

ABSTRACT This study assessed the prevalence of the inappropriate use of over-the-counter (OTC) cold medicine among adolescents and examined the relationships between knowledge, literacy, and the inappropriate use of OTC cold medicine. In 2015, a national representative sample of 6812 students from primary, middle, and high schools completed a survey in Taiwan. Self-administered questionnaires were collected. The results indicated that 22% of adolescents had taken OTC cold medicine in the past year, and 28.5% of them had taken inappropriate dosages. In addition, 15% of adolescents bought OTC cold medicine in the past year, 27% of them did not consult pharmacists. More than half of the adolescents surveyed had misperceptions about cold medicine. Multivariate analysis results indicated that adolescents who had lower levels of cold medicine knowledge, lower medication label literacy, and lower self-efficacy were more likely to engage in the inappropriate use of OTC cold medicine.
Patient-defined meaningfulness within chronic pain rehabilitation: A concept analysis

Background: As the problem of chronic pain grows worldwide, reh abilitation is critical to improved patient well-being. There is thus a need for rehabilitation -f cused research. It appears that outcomes are imp roved when patients perceive the rehabilitation process to be meaningful. However, there is no empirical evidence determining how this would be achieved. An importan t first step is to identify and describe the concep t of meaningfulness as it is used in the chronic pain re habilitation literature. Objective: This paper reports the findings of a structured con cept analysis to define meaningfulness from the patient perspective in chronic pain rehabilitation. Methodology: In consultation with a medical librarian, a search strategy was developed and articles retrieved. The Walker and Avant concept analysis method was us ed to analyze the data, identify the defining attr ibutes of meaningfulness, develop contrary, borderline, and m o el cases, and identify its antecedents and conseq uences. Results: The search revealed extensive use of the terms ‘me aningfulness’ and ‘meaningful’ within the chronic pain rehabilitation literature from the healthcare provider and system perspective. However, only ten articles met the inclusion criteria, and used the terms mean ingful or meaningfulness from the patients’ perspec tiv . Given the paucity of relevant studies, it was not p ossible to retrieve a clear definition of meaningfu lness specific to the context of chronic pain rehabilitation, nor t identify specific outcome measures used to confi rm whether rehabilitation is meaningful for people with chroni c pain. Conclusions: There is a worrisome gap in the chronic pain rehab ilit tion literature regarding the application of the concept of ‘meaningfulness’ as perceived by the patient. This study lays the foundation to furthe the conceptual clarity required for rigorous research t o determine potential benefits of personally meanin gful chronic pain rehabilitation. Further work is requir ed to define and operationalize the concept, develo p valid assessment tools, and build the evidence base regar din relationships between patient-defined meaningf ul ess and positive outcomes in rehabilitation.
Prospective pathways between heroin use and nonmedical use of prescription opioids: Trajectories among young Swiss men

BACKGROUND. So far few studies have focused on the last steps of drug-use trajectories. Heroin has been described as a final stage, but the non-medical use of prescription opioids (NMUPOs) is often associated with heroin use. There is, however, no consensus yet about which one precedes the other. AIMS. The objective of this study was to test which of these two substances was likely to be induced by the other using a prospective design. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We used data from the Swiss Longitudinal Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF) to assess exposure to heroin and NMUPO at two times points (N = 5,041). Cross-lagged panel models provided evidence regarding prospective pathways between heroin and NMUPOs. Power analyses provided evidence about significance and clinical relevance. RESULTS. Results showed that heroin use predicted later NMUPO use (? = 1.217, p < 0.001) and that the reverse pathway was non-significant (? = 0.240, p = .233). Heroin use seems to be an important determinant, causing a 150% risk increase for NMUPO use at follow-up, whereas NMUPO use at baseline increases the risk of heroin use at follow-up by a mere non-significant 20%. CONCLUSIONS. Thus, heroin users were more likely to move to NMUPOs than non-heroin users, whereas NMUPO users were not likely to move to heroin use. The pathway of substance use seemed to include first heroin use, then NMUPO use.