Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metallic and ferromagnetic edges in molybdenum disulfide nanoribbons

The magnetic and electronic properties of MoS2 nanoribbons with zigzag and armchair edges are investigated using LSDA-DFT. We found that the properties of the nanoribbons are very different from bulk MoS2 due to edge states. Armchair nanoribbons could be metallic and exhibit a magnetic moment; however, when passivating with hydrogen, they become semiconducting. Zigzag nanoribbons are metallic and exhibit unusual magnetic properties regardless of passivation. Our results could explain the recent evidence of ferromagnetism in flat MoS2 clusters, and motivate the synthesis of novel MoS2 nanosystems.
Resistance of peripheral and sub-cortical somatosensory pathway to electrical noise

The somatosensory system is vulnerable to large amounts of noise distortion. But how does the central nervous system distinguish the peripheral inputs which carry information to the brain from that which does not possess information? To address this question we studied the effect of electrical stimulation of the median nerve on tactile spatial frequency perception in healthy subjects and Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Subjects were categorized in two groups (healthy and PD patients) and were asked to report if a test tactile frequency pattern (TFP) was the same as the reference TFP given to the other hand. In each case stimulation was either present or absent on the median nerve of the hand holding the test pattern. We observed no impairment of tactile performance in the presence of electrical stimulation of the median nerve. This result together with previous work on direct stimulation of the somatosensory relay nucleus of the thalamus (Abbassian et al., Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 76: 19–28, 2001) in which the same result of no impairment of the tactile discrimination task was observed suggest a high degree of noise tolerance exists in the somatosensory pathway.
Central Role of MyD88-Dependent Dendritic Cell Maturation and Proinflammatory Cytokine Production to Control Brucella abortus Infection1

Brucella abortus is a facultative intracellular bacterium that infects humans and domestic animals. The enhanced susceptibility to virulent B. abortus observed in MyD88 knockout (KO) mice led us to investigate the mechanisms involved in MyD88-dependent immune responses. First, we defined the role of MyD88 in dendritic cell (DC) maturation. In vitro as well as in vivo, B. abortus-exposed MyD88 KO DCs displayed a significant impairment on maturation as observed by expression of CD40, CD86, and MHC class II on CD11c+ cells. In addition, IL-12 and TNF-α production was totally abrogated in MyD88 KO DCs and macrophages. Furthermore, B. abortus-induced IL-12 production was found to be dependent on TLR2 in DC, but independent on TLR2 and TLR4 in macrophages. Additionally, we investigated the role of exogenous IL-12 and TNF-α administration on MyD88 KO control of B. abortus infection. Importantly, IL-12, but not TNF-α, was able to partially rescue host susceptibility in MyD88 KO-infected animals. Furthermore, we demonstrated the role played by TLR9 during virulent B. abortus infection. TLR9 KO-infected mice showed 1 log Brucella CFU higher than wild-type mice. Macrophages and DC from TLR9 KO mice showed reduced IL-12 and unaltered TNF-α production when these cells were stimulated with Brucella. Together, these results suggest that susceptibility of MyD88 KO mice to B. abortus is due to impaired DC maturation and lack of IL-12 synthesis. Additionally, DC activation during Brucella infection plays an important regulatory role by stimulating and programming T cells to produce IFN-γ.
Introducing the Graph 500

In the words of Lord Kelvin, “if you cannot measure it, you cannot improve it”. One of the longlasting successes of the Top 500 list is sustained, community-wide floating point performance improvement. Emerging large-data problems, either resulting from measured real-world phenomena or as further processing of data generated by simulation, have radically different performance characteristics and architectural requirements. As the community contemplates scaling to large-scale HPC resources to solve these problems, we are challenged by the reality that supercomputers are typically optimized for the 3D simulation of physics, not large-scale, data-driven analysis. Consequently, the community contemplating this kind of analysis requires a new yard stick for evaluating future platforms. Since the invention of the von Neumann architecture, the physics simulation has largely driven the development and evolution of High Performance Computing. This allows scientists and engineers to test hypotheses, designs, and ask “what if” questions. Emerging informatics and analytics applications are different both in purpose and structure. While physics simulations typically are core-memory sized, floating point intensive, and well-structured, informatics applications tend to be out of core, integer oriented, and unstructured. (It could be argued that physics simulations are moving in this direction.) The graph abstraction is a powerful model in com-
Phase II study of weekly docetaxel and trastuzumab for patients with HER-2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer.

PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of weekly docetaxel plus trastuzumab in women with HER-2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. Efficacy was correlated with serum HER-2 extracellular domain (ECD) levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty women with metastatic breast cancer were treated with weekly docetaxel and trastuzumab as first- or second-line therapy. Both docetaxel 35 mg/m(2)/wk and trastuzumab 2 mg/kg/wk were delivered in 4-week cycles consisting of three weekly treatments followed by 1 week of rest. A loading dose of trastuzumab 4 mg/kg was administered 1 day before the start of the first cycle. RESULTS The median delivered dose-intensity of docetaxel was 24 mg/m(2)/wk (range, 18 to 27 mg/m(2)/wk). The intent-to-treat overall response rate (ORR) was 63% (95% confidence interval [CI], 44% to 80%). The ORR in patients whose tumors were HER-2-positive by fluorescence in situ hybridization was 67% (16 of 24 patients; 95% CI, 45% to 84%). In patients with elevated serum HER-2 ECD at baseline, the ORR was 76% (95% CI, 53% to 92%), compared with 33% (95% CI, 7% to 70%) in patients with low HER-2 ECD levels (P =.04). Variations in HER-2 ECD concentrations during treatment correlated with response to treatment. Median time to progression was 9 months. Acute toxicity, including myelosuppression, was mild. Fatigue, fluid retention, and excessive tearing became more common with repetitive dosing. CONCLUSION Weekly docetaxel and trastuzumab is an active combination for treating patients with HER-2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. Serum HER-2 ECD testing may be a promising method for monitoring patients on trastuzumab-based therapy.
Troubling the taken-for-granted : mentoring relationships among women teachers

This dissertation challenges the traditional patriarchal conception of mentoring, in which mentors are cast as experts and the task for novices is to assimilate their mentors' knowledge and proposes an alternate feminist conception in which mentors and novices are learner-teachers. The conception is based on practices of conversation and shared experience, through which mentoring partners develop trust and reciprocity. Through reciprocity, mentoring dyads move to a practice of thoughtful critique, in which they trouble taken-for-granted structures within schools. Central to feminist mentoring are issues of concern to the teachers involved, including issues of gender, race and culture as experienced in their own lives. To explore the conception of feminist mentoring, a qualitative research study was undertaken. Data about four mentoring dyads and one triad were collected through a series of structured interviews with individuals and pairs of teachers during one school year. The interviews were recorded and transcribed, and the resulting transcripts were analyzed for common themes. It was found that more successful dyads formed on the basis of the beginning teacher's choice and involved considerable time commitment. Successful mentoring dyads participated in frequent conversations, both casual and planned, in which they talked about students, shared resources, and co-planned curriculum. Conversations centred on both work-related and personal issues. The most successful dyad created numerous shared experiences which provided opportunities for the partners to learn reciprocally. Mentoring conversations and shared experiences led to two complementary ways of coming to know about teaching. In percolated learning the beginning teacher came to know based on hearing and thinking about the mentor's experiences. Thoughtful critique is a more deliberate mode of learning in which the mentor and beginning teachers intentionally address issues of common concern.
The effect of frequent quizzes on short- and long-term academic performance.

This investigation examined the effect of frequent quiz administration on the performance of dental students on course examinations, post-tests, and attitudes toward instruction. Students in an introductory radiology course were randomly divided into two groups. Quiz Group (QG) students were given a quiz at the beginning of each class, while students in the Control Group (CG) did not take the quizzes. All students took a midterm and final examination as well as post-tests at four months and ten months after the end of the course. Students also completed a questionnaire assessing the course and instructor. The QG scored higher than the CG on all exams, but these differences were significant only for the midterm and final exams (p < 0.05) and not the post-tests (p > 0.05). Evaluations of course content and instructor performance were significantly higher among QG students regarding appropriateness of examinations and overall evaluation of course (p < 0.05). Frequent quizzes enhance short-term performance on examinations and lead to more favorable student evaluations, but the effects on long-term retention of knowledge are not significant.
Mesantoin in the Control of Epilepsy

SINCE publication of the first reportsl.2 on the use of a new anticonvulsant, 3-methyl-5,5 phenylethyl hydantoin ( Mesantoin ) , much has been published on its value in the treatment of epilepsy. Many of the reports3-13 review the over-all factors involved, i.e., psychotherapy, occupational therapy, family cooperation, surgical methods, etc. They also compare the relative efficiency of each available chemotherapeutic agent for the various types of epilepsy. Many pharmacologic s t ~ d i e s , ’ ~ J ~ J ~ J ~ as well as some reports on electroencephalographic studies1sJD~20 following the use of this drug have also appeared. Swinyard17 and his group, in studies dealing with the causes and prevention of seizures, have shown that Mesantoin possesses a strong anticonvulsant action in electrically induced convulsions in laboratory animals. LennoxlO believes that medication may influence the seizures as an “externalizing mechanism,” before it influences the dysrhythmia of an inter-seizure recording. It is often difficult to study the effect of medication with electroencephalograms, so for the present these studies are mainly of academic interest. Favorable clinical results have been reported in most studies.2131 Incidence of control of seizures varies, but the greater percentage of patients obtained a satisfactory degree of beneficial results. The literature indicates that Mesantoin has proved more effective than phenobarbital alone, and some authors believe it is a better antiepileptic. Others prefer Dilantin (diphenylhydantoin sodium) for the control of seizures. There is still another group who feel that the two drugs are about equal in their anticonvulsant action. Mesantoin apparently has the milder side effects so that larger doses can be safely tolerated.21 If smaller initial doses are used in sensitive patients, gradual increase in dosage (in accordance with the needs of the patient) will yield maximum therapeutic benefit with a minimum of toxic effects.22 Dyer25 reported that best results were obtained by gradually increasing dosage until the anticonvulsant limit was reached. If previous medication had been used,
El comunicador del siglo XXI: Las capacidades que demandan hoy los empleadores y su relación con las titulaciones universitarias

Resumen : ¿Qué perfil profesional está demandando hoy el mercado de la información y la comunicación? ¿Ofrece la universidad española respuestas a las necesidades del sector? ¿El EEES ha supuesto un cambio real en las enseñanzas en comunicación o, por el contrario, reproducimos el modelo de transmisión de contenidos sin incidir en las competencias, es decir, en la construcción del autoaprendizaje? ¿Qué opinan los empleadores de la evolución de la comunicación? ¿Cómo afecta al futuro de la profesión y, por tanto, a la enseñanza en este área? Algunos de estos interrogantes han sido planteados en un estudio que se está realizando actualmente en la Universidad Nebrija, concretamente en su Facultad de Ciencias de la Comunicación, a fin de reflexionar sobre la situación de incertidumbre que vive nuestra profesión, con la esperanza de encontrar respuestas fundadas a las actuales demandas del sector.
The contribution of self-efficacy, social support and participation in the community to predicting loneliness among persons with schizophrenia living in supported residences.

UNLABELLED The purpose of this study was to examine the contribution of self-efficacy, social support, social participation, living arrangement, and employment status to predicting loneliness among 97 individuals (over age 18) who were diagnosed with schizophrenia and lived in supported residences within the community. METHOD Participants responded to five self-report questionnaires: a socio-demographic questionnaire, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the MOS Social Support Survey, and the Participation and Use of Services in the Community Questionnaire. RESULTS Social support, participation in the community, and living arrangement emerged as significant predictors of loneliness: the higher the participants' levels of social support and participation in leisure and social activities in the community, the lower their levels of loneliness. In addition to these findings, participants living in semi-independent and independent apartments felt lonelier and reported higher levels of social support and social participation in the community than their counterparts living in group homes. Practical implications for mental health professionals and caretakers are discussed.
Image recognition method based on deep learning

Deep learning algorithms are a subset of the machine learning algorithms, which aim at discovering multiple levels of distributed representations. Recently, numerous deep learning algorithms have been proposed to solve traditional artificial intelligence problems. This work aims to review the state-of-the-art in deep learning algorithms in computer vision by highlighting the contributions and challenges from recent research papers. It first gives an overview of various deep learning approaches and their recent developments, and then briefly describes their applications in diverse vision tasks. Finally, the paper summarizes the future trends and challenges in designing and training deep neural networks.
Radiographic Measurement of the Lumbar Spine: A Clinical and Experimental Study in Man

The accuracy of radiographic measurements of lumbosacral lordosis, vertebral size, spondylolisthesis, and disc height were studied. Errors caused by lateral tilt or longitudinal axis rotation of the lumbosacral spine were assessed in an experimental study on 12 cadavers. In a series of 170 normal individuals, the distribution of radio-graphic variables describing lumbosacral lordosis, size of vertebrae, and disc height was investigated. The inter-observer measurement variation was studied with respect to all measured variables. The differences between radiographs of 125 spondylolytic patients in the recumbent and standing positions were analyzed with respect to vertebral slipping and lumbosacral lordosis. There were only minor projectlonal and Interobserver measurement errors in the variables describing vertebral size and lumbosacral lordosis, which make these variables suitable for radio-graphic assessment at repeated examination. The absolute measurements of disc height were too inaccurate to be used as a basis for conclusions. A semiquantitative approach is more reliable, and can be recommended for the comparison of radiographic assessments of disc height. In adults, the radiographic evaluation of vertebral slipping and lumbosacral lordosis is equally reliable in the recumbent and standing positions.
Helminths of Lagomorphs in South Dakota

There are no published reports on the helminths of lagomorphs in South Dakota. Although there are five species of lagomorphs in the state according to Hall (1981, Mammals of North America, Vol. I, John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp. 292-328), multiple representatives of two of these species and a single representative of a third species were examined. The purpose of this study was to determine the species of helminths associated with these lagomorphs, and to determine their prevalence and distribution. Between October 1982 and June 1983, 54 lagomorphs, including 35 white-tailed jack rabbits (Lepus townsendii campanius Hollister), 18 eastern cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus similis Nelson) and one desert cottontail rabbit (S. audubonii fmileyi J. A. Allen), were collected by shooting and were examined for helminths. The gastrointestinal tracts were cut longitudinally, washed in a black tray partially filled with water and the helminths recovered. The body cavities and viscera were also examined grossly for parasites. Cestodes were fixed in AFA, stained in Harris hematoxylin and mounted in Canada balsam, while nematodes were fixed in 70% ethanol, cleared in glycerine-ethanol and stored in vials of glycerine jelly. The results are presented in Table 1. White-tailed jack rabbits were parasitized by two species of cestodes and one nematode, while eastern cottontail rabbits had three cestodes and two nematodes. The single desert cottontail rabbit was infected
The Numerical Approach to the Fisher's Equation via Trigonometric Cubic B-spline Collocation Method

In this study, we set up a numerical technique to get approximate solutions of Fisher's equation which is one of the most important model equation in population biology. We integrate the equation fully by using combination of the trigonometric cubic B-spline functions for space variable and Crank-Nicolson for the time integration. Numerical results have been presented to show the accuracy of the current algorithm. We have seen that the proposed technique is a good alternative to some existing techniques for getting solutions of the Fisher's equation.
Ferrocene and Transition Metal Bis(Dicarbollides) as Platform for Design of Rotatory Molecular Switches

Design of rotatory molecular switches based on extremely stable sandwich organometallic complexes ferrocene and bis(dicarbollide) complexes of transition metals is reviewed. The “on”–“off” switching in these systems can be controlled by various external stimuli such as change of the solution pH, interactions with coordinating species or redox reactions involving the central atom or substituents in the ligands.
Signaling molecules: hydrogen sulfide and polysulfide.

SIGNIFICANCE Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been recognized as a signaling molecule as well as a cytoprotectant. It modulates neurotransmission, regulates vascular tone, and protects various tissues and organs, including neurons, the heart, and kidneys, from oxidative stress and ischemia-reperfusion injury. H2S is produced from l-cysteine by cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST) along with cysteine aminotransferase. RECENT ADVANCES In addition to these enzymes, we recently identified a novel pathway to produce H2S from d-cysteine, which involves d-amino acid oxidase (DAO) along with 3MST. These enzymes are localized in the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. However, some enzymes translocate to organelles under specific conditions. Moreover, H2S-derived potential signaling molecules such as polysulfides and HSNO have been identified. CRITICAL ISSUES The physiological stimulations, which trigger the production of H2S and its derivatives and maintain their local levels, remain unclear. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Understanding the regulation of the H2S production and H2S-derived signaling molecules and the specific stimuli that induce their release will provide new insights into the biology of H2S and therapeutic development in diseases involving these substances.
High-affinity paroxetine binding to the human placental serotonin transporter.

We investigated the interaction of paroxetine, a nontricyclic antidepressant, with the serotonin transporter of the human placental brush-border membrane. Paroxetine bound to the purified placental brush-border membranes with a high affinity [dissociation constant (Kd) = 72 pM]. The maximal binding capacity (Bmax) was 3.9 pmol/mg protein. Imipramine, desipramine, and serotonin inhibited the binding in a dose-dependent manner with inhibition constant (Ki) values of 4.4 nM, 48.7 nM, and 1.77 microM, respectively, whereas reserpine, ketanserin, and 5-hydroxytryptophan did not have any effect. Imipramine and serotonin inhibited paroxetine binding by increasing the Kd with essentially no effect on Bmax. Binding of paroxetine to the membranes increased hyperbolically with increasing concentrations of Na+ in the assay medium. Cl- had little effect on the binding. The effect of Na+ was primarily to increase the affinity of the transporter for paroxetine with no effect on Bmax. The association constant (Ka) increased hyperbolically as the concentration of Na+ increased, indicating a 1Na+:1paroxetine stoichiometry. The maximal value for Ka was 12.1 +/- 2.5 x 10(12) M-1, and Kd for Na+ was 10.0 +/- 3.5 mM. Treatment of the membranes with tyrosyl group-specific reagents reduced the Na(+)-dependent binding, suggesting the involvement of tyrosyl residues in the binding process. This inhibition was, however, significantly reduced when treatment with the reagent was performed in the presence of Na+, suggesting that the reactive tyrosyl residues were located at or near the Na(+)-binding site. Paroxetine inhibited NaCl gradient-dependent serotonin uptake in placental brush-border membrane vesicles both at pH 6.5 and 7.5. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Susceptibility to irritants: role of barrier function, skin dryness and history of atopic dermatitis

The susceptibility of the skin to various irritants was investigated with the aim of determining the role of the barrier function of the stratum corneum, skin dryness and whether a history of atopic dermatitis (AD) was a factor. The transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured using an evaporimeter and skin hydration using a Corneometer and by visual scoring. The group with a history of AD (n= 20) had a lower pre‐exposure barrier function and a higher TEWL value following irritant exposure than the group with a history of allergic contact dermatitis (n= 18) and a control group (n= 18). Clinically dry skin was more susceptible than normal skin, though no difference was noted in the pre‐exposure barrier function. The increased susceptibility to irritants in those with a past history of AD was probably due to impaired barrier function. The increased susceptibility to irritants in those with a past history of AD was probably due to impaired barrier function and/or the presence of a dry skin.