Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Hybrid Neural Network for Fast Automatic Modulation Classification

Automatic modulation classification (AMC) plays a key role in cognitive radio. For AMC, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been explored in previous works extensively and deliver the best performance. However, temporal dependencies of signals modeled by CNNs are inherently implicit and insufficient. As a result, models need more data to learn discriminative features automatically. In this work, we propose a hybrid model named HybridNet, where a bidirectional gated recurrent unit (Bi-GRU) is placed after CNN to capture temporal dependencies explicitly. In addition, we investigate why varying Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) dataset makes performance deteriorate. By visualization, we discover that the increase of the intra-class divergence under sharply varying SNR is the central cause. To this end, channel-wise attention is adopted in HybridNet to learn different patterns existing in SNR, which does not require SNR labels in the training process or inference values of SNR. On RadioML2016.10b, our HybridNet obtains the best accuracy among all scales of training data. Especially, in small datasets, our model obtains 87.4% accuracy that is 9.7% higher than the baseline method.
Disparities in health and health care

During the past two decades the overall health of the nation has improved. However, the dramatic disparities in the morbidity and mortality experienced by African Americans, Latinos, Native Americans, Asians, and Pacific Islanders provide compelling evidence that many Americans have not experienced this health dividend.1 Disparities in health and in access to health care have been documented repeatedly across a broad range of medical conditions and for a wide variety of traditionally disadvantaged groups such as those in racial or ethnic minorities, women, and older persons. These differences have been noted in health outcomes such as quality of life2,3 and mortality,4–10 processes of care such as utilization of cardiac procedures after myocardial infarction6,7,11–15 or access to primary prevention,16,17 quality and appropriateness of care,18–24 and the prevalence of common chronic medical conditions.25
Are existing measures of overall diet quality associated with peak bone mass in young premenopausal women?

BACKGROUND Low peak bone mass in young adulthood is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis and fracture after menopause, and an understanding of the modifiable factors that contribute to low peak bone mass is important for fracture prevention. Diet is an important modifiable factor linked to bone health and, although studies have examined the role of individual dietary components in bone health, bone growth and maintenance are complex processes, and such studies may not adequately represent the role of diet in these processes. METHODS To address this issue, a cross-sectional analysis of 226 healthy, premenopausal women aged 18-30 years was conducted to determine whether existing indices of overall diet quality are associated with bone density in premenopausal women nearing peak bone mass. Bone density was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and diet quality was measured using two overall diet scores based on current dietary guidelines: the Recommended Food Score and the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). RESULTS In the multiple linear regression, bone density did not increase across quartiles of either diet quality score and was not associated with continuous diet quality variables. Furthermore, none of the individual AHEI components (e.g. fruit intake, vegetable intake) were associated with bone density. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that existing diet quality scores are not appropriate for studies of peak bone mass, most likely because they do not give sufficient weight to foods and nutrients important to bone health. We recommend the development of a diet pattern index that better predicts bone mass measures.
Prevention of postoperative adhesion formation in rat uterine horn model by nimesulide: a selective COX-2 inhibitor.

BACKGROUND Pelvic surgery is one of the main causes of intraperitoneal (i.p.) adhesions that create various medical problems including pelvic pain, bowel obstructions and female infertility. A rat model was used to investigate the efficacy of nimesulide, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, in the prevention of adhesion formation. METHODS Fifty Wistar-Albino rats underwent bilateral uterine horn injury with a unipolar cautery. Study groups were as follows: (i) control group, no adjuvant therapy; (ii) i.p. Ringer's lactate group, 2 ml Ringer's lactate solution was instilled i.p.; (iii) i.p. Ringer's lactate plus nimesulide group, 1 ml Ringer's lactate plus 1 ml nimesulide (0.5 mg/ml) were given i.p.; (iv) intramuscular (i.m.) nimesulide group, 1 ml i.m. nimesulide (0.5 mg/ml) was given preoperatively for 5 days; and (v) i.p. nimesulide group, 1 ml nimesulide (0.5 mg/ml) was instilled i.p. At the end of the study all animals were killed, and a standard adhesion scoring system was applied by a blinded examiner. RESULTS The mean adhesion extent in study groups was as follows: 1.33 +/- 0.76 in control group, 1.40 +/- 0.90 in i.p. Ringer's lactate group, 0.75 +/- 0.70 in i.p. Ringer's lactate plus nimesulide group, 0.25 +/- 0.44 in i.m. nimesulide group and 0.31 +/- 0.70 in i.p. nimesulide group. The mean +/- SD adhesion severities of control, i.p. Ringer's lactate, i.p. Ringer's lactate plus nimesulide, i.m. nimesulide, and i.p. nimesulide groups were 0.58 +/- 0.35, 0.30 +/- 0.41, 0.27 +/- 0.3, 0.12 +/- 0.28 and 0.15 +/- 0.35 respectively. The lowest adhesions were found in the groups treated with nimesulide i.m. and nimesulide i.p. ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that preoperative i.m. or postoperative i.p. administration of nimesulide to the site of injury reduced the formation of postoperative adhesions in a rat uterine horn model.
Recognition of individual neonates' cries by experienced and inexperienced adults

Studies concerning the cries of newborn babies have mainly investigated two topics. Firstly, cries of babies with abnormalities were studied by means of spectrograms as well as by auditory analyses (e.g. Karelitz & Fisichelli 1962, Fisichelli & Karelitz 1963, Fisichelli, Haber, Davis & Karelitz 1966, Ostwald, Phibbs & Fox 1968). One of the most detailed analyses was carried out by Wasz-Hockert, Lind, Vuorenkoski, Partanen & Valanne (1968) in which they specifically studied the cries of babies with 'cri du chat' syndrome, Down's syndrome, and with suspected brain damage. They were able to show that these had certain acoustic features which were quite different from the cries of normal infants. More recent research in this field has been summarized in an article by Vuorenkoski (1975). The second kind of research concentrated on the question of whether recognizable differences could also be found within a group of normal infants, i.e. whether babies had individual crying patterns identifiable by their mothers and other experienced and inexperienced persons. Here 'experience' would be defined in terms of the amount of contact with infants. A number of researchers (e.g. Murray, Hollien & Miiller 1975, Stark, Rose & McLagen 1975) have tried to show that different cries could be identified in respect to the cry-evoking situation, e.g. 'hunger cry', 'pain cry', and 'mad cry' (Wolff 1969). Wasz-Hockert, Partanen, Vuorenkoski, Valanne & Michelsson (1964) found that 'experienced' persons trained in child care were, on the whole, better in their interpretation of baby cries than 'untrained' people. However, there seems to be an overall tendency to interpret the crying of babies as being 'hungry' (Miiller, Hollien & Murray 1974), and even experienced persons are not very good at discriminating between the crying of one baby and that of another. This led to the speculation that crying as such was a general signal and not a very individualistic one (Ricks 1975). On the other hand, Formby (1967) and Valanne, Vuorenkoski, Partanen, Lind & Wasz-Hockert (1967) showed that about one third of mothers tested were able to identify their newborn babies' cries when listening to a succession of cry samples by several neonates. Prechtl, Theorell, Gramsbergen & Lind (1969) also found
Antecedents of Success Rate of Award-Based Crowdfunding: The Case of the "Kickstarter"

Based on the previous studies, this paper applied the theoretical elaboration likelihood model to the in-depth analysis of psychological path of the investors when they made a final investment decision after browsing and screening relative information of award-based crowdfunding projects. Then this paper studied the influence of various factors on the success rate of the crowdfunding projects. Logistics method was chosen for empirical verification based on selected detailed data on 300 Chinese items on Kickstarter platform; the results showed that the central clue: the ambiguous degree of the description, the key word of risk, the update, and the peripheral clue: initiator’s social capital, the duration of the project were positively related to the success rate of crowdfunding. It was proved that investors would make rational investment decisions when facing high uncertainty characteristics of the target projects.
Electro-Optical Performance Study of 4H-SiC/Pd Schottky UV Photodetector Array for Space Applications

4H-SiC Schottky photodetector array was fabricated by pulsed dc sputter deposition of palladium thin film as UV semitransparent Schottky contact on active pixel. Results of electro-optical characterization of these devices as a function of temperature varying from 33 to 393 K are presented. A peak spectral responsivity of 122 mAW<sup>−1</sup> at 280 nm is observed. Further, spatial response uniformity for a 4 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm detector, scanned by UV spot of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$100~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> diameter, is within ±5%, whereas the crosstalk between the pixels in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> detector array with a pixel size of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$850\,\,\mu \text{m}\,\,\times 850\,\,\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is within 1.3%. Capacitance at near zero bias is around 11 pF and 4.79 pF at a reverse bias of 30 V. From the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> characteristics, the calculated Schottky barrier height is 1.37 eV for 70 Å thick palladium metal film on 4H-SiC as against the theoretical value of 1.96 eV. Operating temperature studies on detector UV response at 300 nm have shown that the photo-current response at 113 K falls to half of its peak value at ambient. The responsivity of the detectors at 248-nm wavelength is almost constant over a wide temperature range of 33 to 393 K.
Intraoperative Fluid Management in Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery: A Narrative Review

Fluid management has been widely recognized as an important component of the perioperative care in patients undergoing major procedures including spine surgeries. Patient- and surgery-related factors such as age, length of the surgery, massive intraoperative blood loss, and prone positioning, may impact the intraoperative administration of fluids. In addition, the type of fluid administered may also affect post-operative outcomes. Published literature describing intraoperative fluid management in patients undergoing major spine surgeries is limited and remains controversial. Therefore, we reviewed current literature on intraoperative fluid management and its association with post-operative complications in spine surgery.
Representation for Action Recognition Using Trajectory-Based Low-Level Local Feature and Mid-Level Motion Feature

The dense trajectories and low-level local features are widely used in action recognition recently. However, most of these methods ignore the motion part of action which is the key factor to distinguish the different human action. This paper proposes a new two-layer model of representation for action recognition by describing the video with low-level features and mid-level motion part model. Firstly, we encode the compensated flow (-flow) trajectory-based local features with Fisher Vector (FV) to retain the low-level characteristic of motion. Then, the motion parts are extracted by clustering the similar trajectories with spatiotemporal distance between trajectories. Finally the representation for action video is the concatenation of low-level descriptors encoding vector and motion part encoding vector. It is used as input to the LibSVM for action recognition. The experiment results demonstrate the improvements on J-HMDB and YouTube datasets, which obtain 67.4% and 87.6%, respectively.
Optimization of MAGIC gel formulation for three-dimensional radiation therapy dosimetry

Polymer gel dosimetry aims to provide three-dimensional images of radiation therapy dose distributions in irradiated aqueous gels. The first gels required manufacture in an oxygen-free environment, but later the MAGIC formulation was introduced, which could be made in normal atmospheric conditions. Here we report our studies of the effects of variations in the composition of the MAGIC gel performed in order to optimize its performance over the useful dose range of 0 to 20 Gy. A new formulation (termed ‘MAGIC-2’) is comprised of 87% water, 4% methacrylic acid, 9% gelatin, 17.38 × 10−6 M Cu2+ and a molar ratio of ascorbic acid to [Cu2+] of 1000:1. MAGIC-2 has a dose–response slope-to-intercept ratio that is 78% greater than the original formulation and other more favorable properties.
Measurements of anterior segment parameters using three different non-contact optical devices in keratoconus patients.

AIM To evaluate the measurements of anterior segment parameters using three different non-contact optical devices in keratoconus patients. METHODS A hundred and one eyes of 55 keratoconus patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 26.2±8.9 years. The inclusion criteria were keratoconus stage I to III according to the Amsler-Krumeich keratoconus classification. All the measurements were done by the same operator, under the mesopic light condition and repeated with three different optical methods; Visante, Orbscan and Pentacam. The evaluated anterior segment parameters were anterior chamber depth (ACD), central and thinnest corneal thickness (CCT and TCT) and pupil diameter (PD). RESULTS THE MEAN CCT MEASURED BY VISANTE, ORBSCAN AND PENTACAM WERE AS FOLLOWS: 462.0±48. 1µm, 463.9±60. 9µm, 476.5±45. 3µm, respectively (P=0.873). The mean ACD values were 3.34±0.33mm, 3.26±0.33mm, 3.49±0.40mm, respectively (P=0.118). The mean PD measurements were 5.11±1.14mm, 4.80±0.85mm, 3.80±1.38mm, respectively (P<0.001). The mean TCT measurements of Visante, Orbscan and Pentacam were 437.9±48. 2µm, 447.6±60. 6µm and 459.9±44. 0µm, respectively (P=0.214). The Visante and Orbscan measured CCT similarly, while Pentacam measured CCT thicker than the other two. The Visante measured TCT thinner than the other two devices. In ACD measurements, Orbscan was the one giving the lowest values. PD was measured differently by the devices. CONCLUSION Although TCT, CCT and ACD measurements acquired by Visante, Orbscan and Pentacam in keratoconus patients are similar, PD measurements show large differences among the devices.
The genetic variants of RANKL/RANK/OPG signal trial in postmenopausal women with osteopenia and osteoporosis

Objectives: Development and differentiation of osteoclasts are regulated by three factors which belong to the family of tumor necrosis factor: RANK, RANKL, OPG. Interaction disorders of the RANKL/RANK/OPG system can be an element of the etiopathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Aim of the study: To examine the frequency of alleles and genotypes of four polymorphisms: ! 163 A > G, ! 245 T > G, ! 950 T > C, 1181 G > C in the OPG gene in the group of postmenopausal women and to determine the connection of examined genetic variants with parameters of the bone turnover and progresses of osteoporosis. Material and methods: The study included 310 postmenopausal Caucasian women (139 women with osteoporosis, 107 women with osteopenia, 64 healthy women). The frequency of polymorphisms was examined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP) method. Results: Connecting to ! 163 A > G polymorphism we have observed the over representation of genotypes contains at least one mutated alleles (AG + GG) in the group with osteoporosis (27.3 vs. 20.3% in controls, ns). Connecting to ! 245 T > G and 1181 G > C polymorphisms any statistically differences in frequency of particular genotypes were not observed. Analysing ! 950 T > C polymorphism in women with osteoporosis and osteopenia the comparable frequencies of mutated CC genotypes (27.4 and 22.4 vs. 26.6% in the group with the correct t-score value, p = ns) and C allele (54.3 and 56.1 vs. 54.7%, p = ns) has been found. Any correlation between parameters of bone turnover and frequency of particular genotypes was observed.
The Ontogeny of Scale-Free Syntax Networks: Phase Transitions in Early Language Acquisition

Language development in children provides a window to understand the transition from protolanguage to language. Here we present the first analysis of the emergence of syntax in terms of complex networks. A previously unreported, sharp transition is shown to occur around two years of age from a (pre-syntactic) tree-like structure to a scale-free, small world syntax network. The development of these networks thus reveals a nonlinear dynamical pattern where the global topology of syntax graphs shifts from a hierarchical, tree-like pattern, to a scale-free organization. Such change seems difficult to be explained under a self-organization framework. Instead, it actually supports the presence of some underlying innate component, as early suggested by some authors.
Translocation of photosynthates into vacuoles in spinach leaf protoplasts.

A method was developed for the isolation of vacuoles from the mesophyll protoplasts of spinach leaf, employing the discontinuous Ficoll density gradient centrifugation technique. Isolated vacuole preparations were judged to be free from other organellar fractions based on the assays of marker enzyme activities of individual organelles.Using this isolation method, a time-dependent translocation of (14)C-labeled photosynthates into vacuoles was determined. In contrast to a significant transport of (14)C organic acids such as malate and citrate within 10 to 15 minutes (14)C neutral sugars and amino acids were barely transported into vacuoles during 40 minutes incubation, in spite of the fact that a relatively large amount of these compounds are found in the vacuoles. It was also found that a majority of [(14)C]sucrose remains in the cytosol, apparently not actively moving into the vacuoles. Overall results appear to suggest that vacuoles are not actively engaged in photosynthetic carbon metabolism in spinach leaf protoplasts.
EFEITO DE ADJUVANTES ASSOCIADOS AO HIDRÓXIDO DE COBRE NO CONTROLE DA FERRUGEM DO CAFEEIRO (Coffea arabica L.)

A ferrugem do cafeeiro e uma das doencas mais importantes que atacam a cultura, e por isso, ha uma grande necessidade que seu controle seja eficaz, pois causa grandes prejuizos a cafeicultura. Assim, para garantir a sanidade da lavoura, fungicidas sao combinados com adjuvantes para melhorar seu desempenho. Devido a grande variedade de adjuvantes disponiveis no mercado, o trabalho objetivou comparar varios adjuvantes, associados ao hidroxido de cobre no controle preventivo da ferrugem do cafeeiro.
Stunted morphologies of cerebellar Purkinje cells in lurcher and staggerer mice are cell‐lntrinsic effects of the mutant genes

Purkinje cells in the neurological mutants lurcher and staggerer exhibit a number of abnormal properties; mutant ↔ wild‐type chimeras have shown that these properties are direct effects of the mutant gene. What has remained unexplored are the numerous dendritic abnormalities that the two mutant Purkinje cells exhibit. In staggerer, Purkinje cells have rudimentary, unbranched dendrites that lack tertiary branchlet spines, In lurcher, before the Purkinje cells die, their dendrites remain short and underdeveloped. To determine whether or not a system of healthy afferents (or other environmental factors) would alter either of these phenotypes, we examined young lurcher and adult staggerer mouse chimeras using Golgi impregnation. In postnatal day 20 (P20) lurcher chimeras, we found two distinct morphological classes of Purkinje cells. One, inferred to be wild type, had a dendritic structure similar to normal Purkinje cells in age‐matched controls. The other consised of cells with small somata, reduced dendritic arbors, and multiple dendritic processes, making them indistinguishable from Purkinje cells in P20 lurcher mutants. We also examined mature staggerer chimeras. We found no evidence that the stunted morphology of staggerer Purkinje cells is rescued in mosaic animals but observed numerous examples of medium to large neurons resembling atrophic Purkinje cells of staggerer mutants. These results suggest that the dendritic abnormalities described in both mutants reflect cell autonomous, developmental genetic blocks in the cytological maturation of the cerebellar Purkinje cell. The implication is that the action of the wild‐type alleles at these two loci are required to execute a normal program of dendritic development. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The prevalence of celiac disease in patients with geographic tongue.

BACKGROUND Geographic tongue (GT) is a benign inflammatory condition usually involving the dorsal surface and lateral borders of the tongue. Numerous etiological factors of GT have been suggested, including immunological factors; genetic; atopic or allergic predisposition; emotional stress; and hormonal disturbances. GT may also coexist as one of the possible manifestations of celiac disease (CD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of CD, positive serologic tests for CD screening, and HLA-DQ presence in patients with GT. METHODS Tissue transglutaminase antibodies (anti-tTG), antibodies against gliadin (AGA), and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing were assessed for 60 GT patients and 60 healthy control subjects. The duodenal biopsy was performed in patients with positive serologic tests. RESULTS We found that 9 (15%) GT patients were positive for IgA tTG, and in those patients histological changes consistent with CD were confirmed by duodenal biopsy. Only two of them reported the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms. There were statistically significant differences between the GT patients and control group for immunoglobulin (Ig) A tTG (P = 0.03), IgG tTG (P = 0.04), IgA AGA (P = 0.04), and IgG AGA (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION The results of our study demonstrated the increased prevalence of CD in patients with GT. Therefore, the clinical oral examination should be considered a diagnostic tool, especially in atypical or silent forms of CD, since it may contribute to provide an early diagnosis.
A new fast chaos-based image scrambling algorithm

In this paper we present a new fast chaos-based algorithm for generating random permutations, along with it usage in image scrambling. The proposed algorithm has a hybrid character, given by the use of random values generated by two chaotic maps with deterministic ones. The performed analysis proves that the proposed algorithm it's fast and secure, being suitable for real-time image scrambling.