Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The X-ray luminous galaxies optically classified as star forming are mostly narrow line Seyfert 1 s

Context. The optical and ultraviolet emission lines of galaxies are widely used to distinguish star-forming (SF) galaxies from active galactic nuclei (AGNs). However, this type of diagnostic has some associated uncertainties, because AGNs can be of low luminosity and/or heavily obscured, and the optical emission lines may be dominated by a stellar component. On the other hand, and despite its limitations, X-ray emission can be used as a reliable tracer of luminous AGNs. Several well-studied examples exist where the optical diagnostics are indicative of SF galaxy, but the X-ray properties reveal the presence of an AGN. Aims. We aim to characterize the nature of galaxies whose optical emission line diagnostics are consistent with star formation, but whose X-ray properties strongly point towards the presence of an AGN. Understanding these sources is of particular importance in assessing the completeness of AGN samples derived from large galaxy surveys, selected solely on the basis of their optical spectral properties. Methods. We construct a large sample of 211 narrow emission line galaxies (NELGs, which have full widths at half maximum (FWHMs) Hβ emission line 1) and large X-ray to optical flux ratios (X/O > 0.1), while the rest are consistent with being simply starforming galaxies. Those 28 galaxies exhibit the broadest Hβ line widths (FWHMs from ∼300 to 1200 km s −1 ), and their X-ray spectrum is steeper than average and often displays a soft excess. Conclusions. We therefore conclude that the population of X-ray luminous NELGs with optical lines consistent with those of a starforming galaxy (whichrepresent 19% of our whole sample) is largely dominated by narrow lineSeyfert 1s (NLS1s). The occurrence of such sources in the overall optically selected sample is small (<2%), hence the contamination of optically selected galaxies by NLS1s is very small.
Determinants of Bank Profitability in Nigeria: Using Camel Rating Model (2001 – 2010)

Sound financial environment of the banking industry is the guarantee not only to her depositors but equally significant to the shareholders, employees and the whole economy as well. In line to this, efforts have been made from time to time to measure the performance of banks in the country. A number of factors are used in the measurement of banks performance in a typical developing economy and among these is profitability. This study was based on the determinants of banks profitability in Nigeria: using CAMEL model. The objective of the study was to determine the impact of CAMEL on the profitability of Nigerian banks. The data of the commercial banks in Nigeria were obtained for the period of 2001 to 2010. The model was estimated using ordinary least square method and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 19. The findings based on the analysis elucidate that liquidity has a significant impact on banks profitability while capital adequacy, assets quality, management efficiency, earning did not. It was then recommended that banks should make sure that they maintain a reasonable liquidity position at all times to meet up regular financial obligations thereby maintaining depositors’ confidence in the industry and increase profitability. Keyword: Bank, Profitability, Capital Adequacy, Camel, And Liquidity
Provider Satisfaction with an Integrative Adolescent Depression Program in a Pediatric Setting

Adolescent depression affects approximately 11% of adolescents by the age of eighteen. Depression in adolescents can lead to low school performance, strained interpersonal relationships, low self-esteem and may increase the likelihood of adolescents engaging in risky health behaviors and suicide. Primary care is the first stop for many adolescents seeking treatment for depression. However, primary care providers have expressed discomfort in diagnosing and treating adolescent depression. The EMERALD program is an integrative adolescent depression program within a pediatric primary care setting that provides specialty support to primary care providers in diagnosing and treating adolescent depression. This study sought to determine providers’ opinions regarding the program through the use of four longitudinal quantitative and qualitative surveys conducted from July 2011 to January 2014 including an expanded current survey and in-person interviews. Results indicate a steady increase in respondents’ reports of their comfort levels both diagnosing and treating adolescent depression over four years. Participants also expressed the value of the increased access to specialty support for both themselves and their patients. Furthermore, participants indicate the integrative model, especially as it relates to the value of the role of care coordinator, was very beneficial to their practices in diagnosing and treating adolescent depression. PROVIDER SATISFACTION WITH INTEGRATIVE ADOLESCENT DEPRESSION PROGRAM
Optimization of Steam Treatment Conditions for Improving the Nutritive Value of Date Leaves

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of steam treatment on nutritive value of date ( Phoenix dactylifera ) leaves. Date leaves were chopped and mixed with water or sulfuric acid solution to contain 50% moisture with or without 1% sulfuric acid. Steam treatment of the date leaves was carried out using three levels of steam pressure (14, 17 and 20 bar), three reaction times (120, 180, and 240 seconds) and two levels of acid (0 and 1 percent). The treated samples were analyzed for chemical composition including: cell wall components, ash, total extractable phenolics, water soluble sugars, and reducing sugars. Dry matter loss (DML), enzymic hydrolysis, and in vitro gas production of the samples were also measured. Results showed that steam treatment significantly affected (P< 0.05) cell wall components. An increasing trend was observed in DML by increasing harshness of treatment conditions. The lowest DML (12.7 g kg -1 ) was observed in the autohydrolyzed (steam treatment without addition of exogenous acid) sample treated at 14 bar pressure and 120 seconds reaction time and the highest DML (78.8 g kg -1 ) was observed in the acid-hydrolyzed (addition of 10 g kg -1 acid prior to treatment) samples treated at 20 bar pressure and 180 and 240 seconds reaction times. Steam treatment significantly (P< 0.05) decreased neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content but increased acid detergent lignin (ADL). Maximum changes in hemicellulose and water soluble sugars were observed in acid-hydrolyzed samples, in which hemicellulose decreased from 264.6 g kg -1 in control to 72.2 g kg -1 in the sample treated at 20 bar and 240 seconds and water soluble sugars increased from 14.0 g kg -1 in the control to 101.8 g kg -1 in the sample treated at 17 bar and 240 seconds. Enzymic hydrolysis of date leaves was improved after steam treatment and higher improvement was observed in acid-hydrolyzed samples. Gas production was significantly increased (P< 0.05) in all incubation times after steam treatment. The maximum increase in metabolizable energy (ME) estimated by gas production was from acid-hydrolyzed sample treated at 20 bar and 240 seconds. In auto-hydrolyzed samples, the biggest increase in ME was observed in the sample treated at 20 bar and 180 seconds. The results suggest that steam treatment could be used for upgrading the nutritive value of date leaves in the regions where date is grown and animals are encountered with severe feed shortage.
Miocene Coniferous Woods of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep

This paper presents the results of analysis of the Miocene woods collected from three sampling sites in the Polish part of the Carpathian Foredeep. The location in the stratigraphic profile and the state of fossil preservation indicate that the woods were transported by waters flowing from highland or from mountainous regions and then deposited and fossilised in delta areas. Fragments of 16 lignified or silicified woods were collected for anatomical research. The fossil woods were classified as Piceoxylon piceae, Juniperoxylon pachyderma, Cupressinoxylon canadense and Cupressinoxylon polonicum. Disturbance zones observed in Cupressinoxylon polonicum are interpreted as frost rings. Frost rings suggest that despite the documented existence of warm and humid climatic conditions during the Miocene period, the temperatures in mountainous areas could temporarily drop below freezing point.
Doing new things with language: Narrative language in SLI preschoolers

The paper deals with micro- and macrostructural static and dynamic narrative characteristics in specifically language-impaired (SLI) Russian-speaking preschool children and their typically-developing (TD) peers. The study was based on experimental data that included storytelling and retelling elicited by means of wordless picture sequences. First, individual measures of story structure, episode com- pleteness, internal state terms, story productivity, lexical diversity, and syntactic complexity, as well as the percentage of linguistic dysfluencies and errors, were evaluated and compared between the experimental and control groups. Second, the impact of such factors as session (1st vs. 2nd), story complexity, and mode (telling vs. retelling) on the dynamic variation of micro- and macrostructural narrative measures was evaluated. Our results highlighted essential dynamic differences between the samples from the perspective of narrative structure, structural complexity, grammaticality, and vocabulary. Uued keelelised tegeused: spetsiifilise konearengu puudega koolieelikute narratiivikeel Artikkel kasitleb narratiivi mikro- ja makrostruktuursete tunnuste dunaamikat venekeelsetel spetsiifilise konearengu puudega koolieelikutel. Uurimismaterjal on kogutud katsega, mis sisaldas loo jutustamist ja seejarel umberjutustamist sonadeta pildiseeriate abil. Katseruhm koosnes 12 venekeelsest spetsiifilise konearengu puudega 6-aastasest koolieelikust ja kontrollruhm 12 arenguhaireta eakaaslasest. Esmalt hinnati ja vorreldi katseisikute ja kontrollgrupi narratiivide uksikuid naitajaid, nagu jutustuse ulesehitus, episoodide terviklikkus, seisundisonad (narratiivi makrostruktuursed tunnused), uldine produktiivsus, leksikaalne mitmekesisus, suntaktiline keerukus (narratiivi mikrostruktuursed tunnused), protsentuaalselt ka lingvistilise soravuse segajaid, nagu takerdused, taitesonad, kordused, parandused, uhendused, ning veakategooriaid (leksikaalsed, grasmmatilised, stilistilised vead). Teiseks moodeti selliste faktorite nagu sessiooni (1. vs. 2.), loo keerukuse ja laadi (jutustus vs. umberjutustus) moju narratiivi mikro- ja makrostruktuursete naitajate dunaamilisele varieerumisele. Uurimustulemused valgustasid katsejuhtumite peamisi dunaamilisi erinevusi narratiivi ulesehituse, struktuurse keerukuse, grammatilisuse ja sonavara vaatepunktist.
Long-term Patterns in Mammalian Abundance in Northern Portions of the Great Basin

Abstract We collected long-term indices of mammalian abundance at 2 sites in the Great Basin: Curlew Valley in northern Utah, and the Idaho National Laboratory in southeastern Idaho. Abundance patterns were examined for 1 predator, the coyote (Canis latrans), and its prey community including 9 species of rodents and 3 species of lagomorphs. Our results suggest cycles with a period of 10–11 years among the main prey species, Lepus californicus. Responses of C. latrans to prey fluctuations were variable among study areas, with abundance levels of coyotes remaining high during declines in prey populations in Curlew Valley. Abundance indices were generally low for all species of rodents except Peromyscus maniculatus. Although many of the rodents demonstrated consistent biannual fluctuations, we could not statistically confirm multiseasonal cyclic patterns. Population levels of coyotes seem to reflect a combination of factors including abundance of both monitored species of prey and alternate prey groups, and human harvest.
In Vitro Micro-propagation of Cordyline and Dieffenbachia Plants

: This study was carried out in Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, El-Arish, North Sinai, Suez Canal University, Egypt during the period from April 2013 to March 2015. The objective of this study was to optimize the micro-propagation protocol for Cordyline terminals and Diffenbachia picta cv. "Tropica" in order to make the in vitro propagation feasible and economical by enhancing the slow rate of multiplication of traditional methods. Results indicated that BA at 1.0 mg/l -1 combined with 0.1 mg/l - ¹ NAA surpassed all other cytokinins (Kin and 2ip) with significant increase on number of axillary shoots/explant, axillary shoot length, number of leaves/shoot. During establishment stage, Main shoot length (2.55, 3.90 cm, 7.33 and 7.04 cm, respectively) on cordyline and (2.33, 4.19 cm, 9.40 and 6.33 cm, respectively) on dieffenbachia. However, in multiplication stage, data revealed that increasing BA concentrations significantly increased growth of cordyline and dieffenbachia compared with control. Data showed that addition of 2 mg/l -1 BA combined with NAA at 0.1 mg/l -1 recorded the highest values of number of axillary shoots/explant, axillary shoot length, number of leaves/shoot and main shoot length (2.86, 5.55 cm, 9.40 and 8.77 cm, respectively) on cordyline, while values were 2.66, 5.66 cm, 9.88 and 8.66 cm, respectively on dieffenbachia. The combination between licorice extract and sucrose significantly increased growth parameters of cordyline. The highest values of number of axillary shoots/explant, axillary shoot length, number of leaves/shoot and main shoot length (2.30, 3.25, 6.15 and 4.20, respectively) were recorded with on cordyline belongs MS medium + 30 g/l -1 sucrose and licorice at 40 mg/l -1 , combined with (BA) at 2 mg/l -1 and 0.1 mg/l - ¹ NAA. On the other side, number of axillary shoots/explant of dieffenbachia was not affected by the medium supplementation with the mentioned factors. For rooting stage, results revealed that NAA was the best auxin in roots induction of cordyline and dieffenbachia with high significant increase in root length and number of roots. While, there was no difference among NAA, IBA and IAA in rooting percentage. Moreover, NAA at 1.0 mgl -1 recorded the highest values of number of roots and root length (10.00 and 21.33 cm, respectively) on cordalyine and (8.00 and 8.53 cm, respectively) on dieffenbachia. Rooted plantlets were ex vitro acclimatized (95% survival) of cordyline and dieffenbachia when they were cultured in (1:1:1:1, v/v/v/v) peat moss, perlite, vermiculite and sand before transferred to soil.
A wiggle-match date for Polynesian settlement of New Zealand

Dating initial colonisation and environmental impacts by Polynesians in New Zealand is controversial. A key horizon is provided by the Kaharoa Tephra, deposited from an eruption of Mt Tarawera, because just underneath this layer are the first signs of forest clearance which imply human settlement. The authors used a log of celery pine from within Kaharoa deposits to derive a new precise date for the eruption via “wiggle-matching” – matching the radiocarbon dates of a sequence of samples from the log with the Southern Hemisphere calibration curve. The date obtained was 1314 ± 12 AD (2σ error), and the first environmental impacts and human occupation are argued to have occurred in the previous 50 years, i.e. in the late 13th – early 14th centuries AD. This date is contemporary with earliest settlement dates determined from archaeological sites in the New Zealand archipelago.
Factors related to Bolton’s anterior ratio in Brazilians with natural normal occlusion

Aim: To verify whether some factors could be related to Bolton’s anterior ratio: buccolingual thickness of upper incisors, mesiodistal tipping of upper incisors, overjet and overbite, and if there is gender dimorphism. Methods: Thirty-five pairs of dental casts with natural normal occlusion were evaluated, proceeding from 27 females and 8 male Caucasian individuals, aged between 13 years old and 17 years and 4 months (mean age: 15y8m). A digital caliper and a ruler were used to make the measurements. Results: The anterior ratio was 77.48% ± 2.22, being statistically similar to Bolton’s, 77.20% ± 1.65. Based on Pearson’s correlation test, only the overbite presented relation to the anterior ratio. It was not found gender dimorphism. Conclusions: Overbite was inversely proportional to Bolton’s anterior ratio, hence, when the anterior ratio is increased, the overbite could be decreased and vice-versa.
The Effect of Task Type and Task Orientation on L2 Vocabulary Learning

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of meaning-focused versus form-focused input-oriented and output-oriented task-based instruction on elementary level Iranian EFL Learners’ vocabulary comprehension and recall. For this purpose, a sample of 120 male students from a private school in Tehran was selected through convenience sampling and based on availability. The participants were divided into four groups, and each group was given a different treatment. The first group was taught through meaning-focused input-oriented vocabulary tasks; the second group was instructed through meaning-focused output-oriented tasks; the third group received form-focused input-oriented vocabulary tasks, and the fourth group received form-focused output-oriented vocabulary instruction. At the end of the treatment, the participants in all the four groups were given a vocabulary comprehension and a vocabulary recall posttest. The results indicated that meaning-focused tasks were more effective than form-focused tasks on both vocabulary comprehension and recall. At the same time, input-oriented tasks turned out to be more effective than output-oriented tasks on only vocabulary comprehension. In vocabulary recall, input-oriented tasks were more effective when they were form-focused, while output-oriented tasks were more effective when they were meaning-focused. The results of this study can have implications for teachers, learners, and curriculum designers.
The disparity of the Burgess Shale arthropod fauna and the limits of cladistic analysis: why we must strive to quantify morphospace

Three major arguments have been raised against the crucial claim, documented by Whittington and colleagues for the Burgess Shale fauna, and so contrary to traditional views, that disparity of anatomical design reached an early maximum in the history of multicellular life: (1) the presence of many early taxa with low membership and high rank is an artifact of naming; (2) cladistic analysis of Burgess arthropods negates the claim for greater early disparity; and (3) Whittington's argument is a retrospective fallacy based on assigning high rank to differentia only by virtue of their later capacity to define major branches. I show that all these arguments are either false or illogical, and that the claim for increased early disparity is justified: (1) Taxonomic rank is an artifact, but no one has ever based a claim for greater disparity on this false criterion. (2) Cladistics can only deal with branching order, whereas disparity is a phenetic issue. These two legitimate aspects of evolutionary “relationship” are logically distinct. The rooting of a cladogram only illustrates monophyletic ancestry (which no one doubts, as we are not creationists), and cannot measure disparity. (3) The active stabilization of the differentia of Baupläne (for genetic and developmental reasons only dimly understood) provides a powerful rationale for weighting these characters in considerations of disparity; nothing had so stabilized in the Burgess fauna. If these differentia were steadily changing contingencies, rather than actively stabilized features with “deep” architectural status, then the retrospective argument would be justified. Although the three arguments are wrong, the claim for greater early disparity cannot be confidently established until we develop quantitative techniques for the characterization of morphospace and its differential filling through time. This is a dauntingly difficult problem, much harder than cladistic ordering, but not intractable.
PLANT REGENERATION FROM CALLUS CULTURES DERIVED FROM MATURE ZYGOTIC EMBRYOS OF SOPHORA ALOPECUROIDES LINN. IN MONGOLIA

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of hormones and selection of the most effective medium using callus cultures derived from mature zygotic embryos of Sophora alopecuroides Linn. for plant regeneration. After 8 weeks of culture, the highest callus induction medium (93.3%) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mglL Zeatin and 2.0 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The best callus proliferation was observed on the same medium. Shoots regenerated at the highest frequency of 50.0% with 5.8 shoots when calli were cultured on MS medium with 2.0 mg/L BA. Therefore, this protocol provides a basis for future studies on genetic improvement and could be applied to large-scale multiplication systems for commercial nurseries of S.alopecuroides L.
OXA-48 type carbapenemase in Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended spectrum B-lactamases (ESBL) in Senegal

Enterobactericeae producing extended spectrum b-lactamases (ESBL) are likely to express carbapenemases OXA-48 which have hydrolytic activity on carbapenems. The aim of this work was to evaluate prevalence of blaOXA-48 for Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing ESBL. This work was conducted at the French Reference Center for Antibiotic Resistance with strains from Senegalese Hospital. Standard antibiogram was performed in accordance to CA-SFM/EUCAST 2016 and presence of ESBL was confirmed by synergistic image. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect systematically blaOXA-1, blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-9 and blaOXA-48 gene in case of decrease sensitivity to carbapenem. PCR products were extracted, purified, sequenced and whole-genome sequence (WGS) were used for the analyses. Plasmids extraction was performed by Kado and Liu method. Five isolates harbored a decreased susceptibility to carbapenems. They were positive for blaOXA-48 gene and also expressed blaCTX-M-15. Analysis of the five plasmids by WGS identified a single IncL/M type plasmid of 63 kb and other genes for aminoglycosides and quinolones resistance. Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae represent new threat to public health. Decrease in carbapenem susceptibility should be an alert for rapid detection of carbapenemases and to prevent their spread. Phenotypic or molecular methods should be available in many laboratories to take appropriate preventive and therapeutic measures. Key words: Klebsiella pneumoniae, extended spectrum b-lactamases (ESBL), carbapenemase, blaOXA-48, Senegal.
Towards a European labour market? Trade unions and flexicurity in France and Britain

The flexicurity approach to labour market policy may offer advantages for trade unions but also poses challenges, given their weak situation in policy formulation at EU level and in many member states. This article explores unions’ capacity to mobilize around flexicurity issues and to influence policy debates and outcomes in two member states. In the UK, flexicurity has low political salience and unions have little capacity for mobilization or influence, although they have linked flexicurity to campaigns on agency workers and restructuring. In France, unions have developed alternative proposals on making employment pathways secure and have succeeded in shifting debate towards these proposals rather than the Commission’s flexicurity recommendations, although differences with the positions of employers and the state have limited outcomes to date. EU policies provide only weak leverage, since trade unions’ ability to influence labour market policy depends on their position within domestic institutions.