Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Silicon (Si) utilisation by chemoautotrophic nocardioform bacteria isolated from human and animal tissues infected with leprosy bacillus.

Acid-fast nocardioform chemoautotrophic bacteria from leprosy tissues, as well as several reference strains of mycobacteria and nocardia tested could grow on minimal medium containing a small quantity of asparagine as the sole C source; this was conspicuously improved in the presence of Si and the organisms could be trained to grow in absence of any obvious C source, which suggested that Si could probably partly/wholly replace C in the biosynthetic processes of these bacteria: electron probe microanalyser data confirmed a significant Si uptake
anabolic response of muscle to resistance exercise Timing of amino acid-carbohydrate ingestion alters

[PDF] [Full Text] , May , 2012; 46 (6): 454-456. Br J Sports Med S M Phillips, L Breen, M Watford, L M Burke, S J Stear and L M Castell Part 32 −− ergogenic aids for health and performance A to Z of nutritional supplements: dietary supplements, sports nutrition foods and [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , May 3, 2012; . Br J Sports Med Roy J Shephard reference to protein metabolism Physical performance and training response during Ramadan observance, with particular [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , June , 2012; 46 (7): 477-484. Br J Sports Med Roy J Shephard reference to protein metabolism Physical performance and training response during Ramadan observance, with particular [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , August 2, 2012; . J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Natalie Hiscock and Michael J Rennie Vinod Kumar, Philip J Atherton, Anna Selby, Debbie Rankin, John Williams, Kenneth Smith, Muscle Protein Synthetic Responses to Exercise: Effects of Age, Volume, and Intensity [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , November , 2012; 67 (11): 1170-1177. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Natalie Hiscock and Michael J. Rennie Vinod Kumar, Philip J. Atherton, Anna Selby, Debbie Rankin, John Williams, Kenneth Smith, Muscle Protein Synthetic Responses to Exercise: Effects of Age, Volume, and Intensity
Tensions in Higher Education Leadership: Towards a Multi-Level Model of Leadership Practice.

UK higher education is undergoing a period of significant change that generates a series of tensions and difficulties for universities and university leaders. This paper explores these tensions through analysis of findings from a study comprising 152 semi-structured face-to-face interviews in 12 UK universities. Building on from theories of 'distributed leadership' in schools, five main constituent elements of leadership practice in higher education are identified (personal, social, structural, contextual and developmental) and explored to show how they shape perceptions and experiences of leadership. The paper concludes with a refined model that teases apart the multi-layered nature of higher education leadership at individual, group and organisational levels. In particular, it is argued that 'social capital' and 'social identity' act as important bridges between individual agency and organisational structure and that although widely distributed, higher education leadership may be best regarded as 'hybrid'.
Discharge phenomena of an atmospheric pressure radio-frequency capacitive plasma source

Discharge phenomena of a nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma source have been studied. An atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) operates using rf power and produces a stable homogeneous discharge at atmospheric pressure. After breakdown, the APPJ operation is divided into two regimes, a “normal” operating mode when the discharge is stable and homogeneous, and a “failure” mode when the discharge converts into a filamentary arc. Current and voltage (I–V) characteristics and spatially resolved emission intensity profiles have been measured during the normal operating mode. These measurements show that the APPJ produces an alpha (α) mode rf capacitive discharge. Based upon a dimensional analysis using the observed I–V characteristics, a rough estimate is made for plasma density of 3×1011 cm−3 and an electron temperature of 2 eV. In addition, the gas temperature of 120 °C has been spectroscopically measured inside the discharge. These plasma parameters indicate that the APPJ shows promise for various mater.
The fetal venous system, Part I: normal embryology, anatomy, hemodynamics, ultrasound evaluation and Doppler investigation

Since its introduction in the mid‐1980s sonographic evaluation of the human fetal venous system has advanced dramatically. The venous system is well‐recognized as a target for investigation in cases of circulatory compromise, and a broad spectrum of malformations affecting this system has been described. Appreciation of the normal embryology, anatomy and physiology of this system is essential to an understanding of structural anomalies and the sequential changes encountered in intrauterine growth restriction or other developmental disorders. We review the normal embryology, anatomy, and hemodynamics of the human fetal venous system, and provide an overview of Doppler investigation, as well as three‐ and four‐dimensional ultrasound modalities and their application to this system. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
4D-VAR assimilation of GPS-derived ZTD: a Case Study

The impact of GPS Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) measurements on mesoscale precipitation forecasts is studied. GPS ZTD observations from a permanent network of five geodetic GPS receivers are continuously assimilated into the Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) using the adjoint technique. This 4-Dimensional (space and time) Variational (4D-VAR) data assimilation experiment focuses on a strong precipitation event that occurs on September 14, 1999 over the NE cost of the Iberian Peninsula. The GPS receiver network consists of 5 Trimble 400SSI GPS receivers with baselines ranging in length from about 100 to 350 km and a maximum altitude difference between the highest and lowest GPS sites of about 2400 m. The geographical locations of the GPS sites almost sample quite equally the model domain, which roughly extends from 0◦ to 4◦ and from 40◦ to 43◦. We have used the GPS precise orbits and clocks as well as consistent earthrotation parameters provided by the International GPS
Preterm premature rupture of membranes: correlates and pregnancy outcome in a tertiary care setting -

Background: Prelabour membrane rupture before 37 weeks of gestation is referred to as preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Incidence of PPROM is about 2% of all pregnancies. This prospective study aims to determine fetal and early neonatal outcome of pregnancies with PPROM. Methods: The study was conducted in 190 antenatal women with PPROM between 24 weeks to 36weeks of gestation over a period of 18 months. Their babies were followed up till discharge from Pediatric new born unit. Results: Prevalence of PPROM was 0.8%, accounting for 19% of preterm deliveries. 61% of women with PPROM showed evidence of lower genito-urinary tract infection, 28% had anemia, 48% gave history of coitus during pregnancy. Mean gestational age of membrane rupture was 32 weeks, the mean latency between membrane rupture and delivery was 4.4 days. Chorioamnionitis developed in 13% of women with PPROM, cord prolapse in 4% and abruption in 3%. The gestational age wise survival was 40% in babies weighing less than 1.5kg, 88% in babies weighing 1.5 to 2.5kg and 93% in those more than 2.5kg. The predominant causes of neonatal mortality were hyaline membrane disease (HMD) in babies born before 28 weeks, HMD and sepsis between 29 to 33 weeks and sepsis in babies born after 34 weeks. Conclusions: Screening and treatment of risk factors may contribute to prevention of PPROM. Neonatal survival depends on gestational age and availability of advanced NICU facilities. Patients and family members should be counseled regarding the outcome of pregnancies with PPROM. A team effort by the obstetrician and neonatologist in a tertiary care setting can ensure a healthy and fruitful life for mother and baby.
p47 phox Participates in Activation of RelA in Endothelial Cells*

Activation of endothelial cell NF-κB by interleukin (IL)-1 constitutes an event critical to the progression of the innate immune response. In this context, oxidants have been associated with NF-κB activation, although the molecular source and mechanism of targeting have remained obscure. We found that RelA, essential for NF-κB activation by IL-1, was associated with the NADPH oxidase adapter protein p47 phox in yeast two-hybrid, coprecipitation, and in vitro binding studies. RelA and p47-GFP also colocalized in endothelial cells in focal submembranous dorsoventral protrusions. Overexpression of p47 phox synergized with IL-1β in the activation of an artificial κB-luciferase reporter and specifically augmented IL-1β-induced RelA transactivation activity. p47 phox overexpression also greatly increased IL-1β-stimulated RelA phosphorylation, whereas it had no effect on I-κB degradation or on RelA nuclear translocation or κB binding. The tandem SH3 domains of p47 phox were found to associate with a proline-rich mid-region of RelA (RelA-PR) located between the Rel homology and transactivation domains. The RelA-PR peptide blocked interaction of p47 phox and RelA, and ectopic expression of RelA-PR abrogated IL-1β-induced transactivation of the NF-κB-dependent E-selectin promoter. Further, suppression of NADPH oxidase function through the inhibitor diphenylene iodonium, the superoxide dismutase mimetic Mn(III) tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin (MnTBAP), or expression of a dominant interfering mutant of a separate NADPH oxidase subunit (p67(V204A)) decreased IL-1β-induced E-selectin promoter activation, suggesting that p47 phox facilitates NF-κB activation through linkage with the NADPH oxidase. IL-1β rapidly increased tyrosine phosphorylation of IL-1 type I receptor-associated proteins, suggesting that oxidants may operate through inactivation of local protein-tyrosine phosphatases in the proximal IL-1β signaling pathway leading to RelA activation.
Combined R2* and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Changes in the Substantia Nigra in Parkinson's Disease

Recent magnetic resonance imaging studies suggest an increased transverse relaxation rate and reduced diffusion tensor imaging fractional anisotropy values in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. The transverse relaxation rate and fractional anisotropy changes may reflect different aspects of Parkinson's disease‐related pathological processes (ie, tissue iron deposition and microstructure disorganization). This study investigated the combined changes of transverse relaxation rate and fractional anisotropy in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. High‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging (T2‐weighted, T2*, and diffusion tensor imaging) were obtained from 16 Parkinson's disease patients and 16 controls. Bilateral substantia nigras were delineated manually on T2‐weighted images and coregistered to transverse relaxation rate and fractional anisotropy maps. The mean transverse relaxation rate and fractional anisotropy values in each substantia nigra were then calculated and compared between Parkinson's disease subjects and controls. Logistic regression, followed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, was employed to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of the combined measures for differentiating Parkinson's disease subjects from controls. Compared with controls, Parkinson's disease subjects demonstrated increased transverse relaxation rate (P < .0001) and reduced fractional anisotropy (P = .0365) in the substantia nigra. There was no significant correlation between transverse relaxation rate and fractional anisotropy values. Logistic regression analyses indicated that the combined use of transverse relaxation rate and fractional anisotropy values provides excellent discrimination between Parkinson's disease subjects and controls (c‐statistic = 0.996) compared with transverse relaxation rate (c‐statistic = 0.930) or fractional anisotropy (c‐statistic = 0.742) alone. This study shows that the combined use of transverse relaxation rate and fractional anisotropy measures in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease enhances sensitivity and specificity in differentiating Parkinson's disease from controls. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the pathophysiological correlations of these magnetic resonance imaging measurements and their effectiveness in assisting in diagnosing Parkinson's disease and following its progression. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Clinical Phenomenology, Somatic Symptoms, and Distress in Hispanic/Latino and European American Youths With Anxiety Disorders

This study compared clinic-anxious Hispanic/Latino and European American youths (ages 6 to 17 years old) along sociodemographic and clinical variables. Groups were relatively similar, although significant differences emerged as a function of ethnocultural and language choice (English, Spanish) used during the assessment. Within the English language choice group, Cuban American (CA) youths reported somatic symptoms as less distressing than non-Cuban American Hispanic/Latino (non-CA/HL) youths. Conversely, within the Spanish language choice group, CA youths reported somatic symptoms as more distressing than non-CA/HL youths. Also, parents in the European American and CA groups reported their youths as having less somatic symptoms than parents in the non-CA/HL group. Implications of findings are discussed, particularly regarding possible cultural significance of somatic symptoms.
Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in pregnancy

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The Response Set Theory of Hypnosis

The response set theory of hypnosis (Kirsch & Lynn, 1997) is an extension of response expectancy theory (Kirsch, 1985), which is rooted in social cognitive approach to understanding human experience and behavior. Although the idea of a uniquely hypnotic altered state of consciousness is rejected, so too are compliance-based explanations of hypnotic behavior. Suggestions, in or out of the social context of hypnosis, can produce profound alterations in experience, including dissociative experiences, and these can be verified through corresponding changes in brain physiology. Response expectancies play a major, but not exclusive, role in the production of suggested experiences as well. Because of widespread cultural beliefs about hypnosis, the hypnotic context intensifies the effects of suggestion for most people, and this is the primary source of its therapeutic effects.
GENETICAL STUDIES ON HUMAN RED CELL ACID PHOSPHATASE.

WE HAVE RECENTLY DESCRIBED (Hopkinson, 1963) a new human polymorphism involving differences in the acid phosphatase which oc-curs in red cells. The differences were detected by starch gel electrophoresis, and so far fivhe distinct phenotypes have been recognized. They have been referred to as A, BA, B, CA, and CB. They each show at least two electro-phoretically distinct components.
Candida albicans Cyr1, Cap1 and G‐actin form a sensor/effector apparatus for activating cAMP synthesis in hyphal growth

A key virulence trait of Candida albicans is its ability to undergo the yeast‐to‐hyphal growth transition in response to environmental signals. This transition critically requires a rapid activation of the adenylyl cyclase Cyr1 to generate a cAMP spike. However, the identity of the signal sensors and mechanisms of signal processing and integration remain largely unclear. Recent evidence suggests that some sensors are embedded in Cyr1 itself. To test this hypothesis, we asked whether purified Cyr1 can respond to hyphal induction. Here, we report that Cyr1 co‐purifies with Cap1 and G‐actin as a tripartite complex which can increase cAMP synthesis in response to hyphal inducing signals in an actin‐dependent manner. Cap1 binds Cyr1 and G‐actin through its N‐ and C‐terminus respectively. Deleting the G‐actin binding sites or treating the complex with the actin toxin latrunculin A or cytochalasin A inhibits the activation of cAMP synthesis. Strains expressing Cap1 mutants lacking the G‐actin binding site are impaired in both cAMP synthesis and hyphal morphogenesis. Thus, our findings reveal an essentially intact sensor/effector apparatus composed of Cyr1, Cap1 and G‐actin. Furthermore, G‐actin's regulatory role in this apparatus may prove to be the missing link whereby cellular actin status knowingly influences cAMP‐mediated cellular processes.
Heart transplantation across the antibodies against HLA and ABO

We have intentionally performed heart transplantation in a 5‐year‐old child, despite the most unfavourable risk factors for patient survival; the presence of high level of antibodies against donor's human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I/II and blood group antigens. Pretransplant treatment by mycophenolate mofetil, prednisolone, tacrolimus, intravenous immunoglobulin, rituximab, protein‐A immunoadsorption (IA) and plasma exchange reduced antibody titres against the donor's lymphocytes from 128 to 16 and against the donor's blood group antigen from 256 to 0. The patient was urgently transplanted with a heart from an ABO incompatible donor (A1 to O). A standard triple‐drug immunosuppressive protocol was used. No hyperacute rejection was seen. Antibodies against the donor's HLA antigens remained at a low level despite three acute rejections. Rising anti‐A1 blood group antibodies preceded the second rejection and were reduced by two blood group‐specific IAs and remained at a low level. The patient is doing well despite the persistence of donor‐reactive antibodies.
Parieto–Occipital Areas Involved in Efficient Filtering in Search: A Time Course Analysis of Visual Marking using Behavioural and Functional Imaging Procedures

Search for a colour–form conjunction target can be facilitated by presenting one set of distractors prior to the second set of distractors and the target: the preview benefit (Watson & Humphreys, 1997). The early presentation of one set of distractors enables them to be efficiently filtered from search. We report two studies investigating the time course of the preview benefit. In Experiment 1 we use a standard reaction time analysis to show that the benefit has a relatively slow time course; old items need to precede the new set by 600 ms or more in order to be fully filtered from search. Furthermore, the reductions in reaction time across time in the preview condition varied nonlinearly with the display size, suggesting that old items were discounted from search in parallel. In Experiment 2 we examined the neural locus of this filtering effect over time, using positron emission tomography (PET). We show that regions of parieto–occipital cortex are selectively activated in a preview search condition relative to a detection baseline. These regions also increase in activation as the preview interval increases (and search then becomes easier), consistent with them modulating the parallel filtering of distractors from targets in spatial search. Interestingly, the same areas as those activated in preview search were also active in conjunction search relative to its own detection baseline. Thus these regions either modulate parallel filtering in conjunction search too, or they modulate different behavioural functions according to task constraints.
Inner-Shell Excitation Spectroscopy of the Peptide Bond: Comparison of the C 1s, N 1s, and O 1s Spectra of Glycine, Glycyl-Glycine, and Glycyl-Glycyl-Glycine

Oscillator strengths for C 1s, N 1s, and O 1s excitation spectra of gaseous glycine and the dipeptide, glycyl−glycine, have been derived from inner-shell electron energy-loss spectroscopy recorded under scattering conditions where electric dipole transitions dominate (2.5 keV residual energy, θ ≈ 2°). X-ray absorption spectra of solid glycine, glycyl−glycine, glycyl−glycyl−glycine, and a large protein, fibrinogen, were recorded in a scanning transmission X-ray microscope. The experimental spectra are assigned through interspecies comparisons and by comparison to ab initio computed spectra of various conformations of glycine and glycyl−glycine. Inner-shell excitation spectral features characteristic of the peptide bond are readily identified by comparison of the spectra of gas-phase glycine and glycyl−glycine. They include a clear broadening and a ∼0.3 eV shift of the C 1s → π*CO peak and introduction of a new pre-edge feature in the N 1s spectrum. These effects are due to 1s → π*amide transitions introduc.
Risk Factors Associated with Severe Proliferative Retinopathy in Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus

The natural history of disease and suspected risk factors for bad prognosis were investigated in 40 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who had severe retinopathy and in 22 patients with a similar duration of diabetes without evidence of complications. The retinopathy group showed a marked excess of men (ratio 2:1). Examination of the data in the literature also showed a striking excess of men, 61% (P < 0.001) in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and severe microvascular disease. In addition, proliferative retinopathy was found to have significant associations with current poor diabetic control, hypertension, and previous treatment with once-daily insulin regimens, particularly with protamine zinc insulin.