Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of micro flow sensor with optimal detection spacing

A micro flow sensor structure with multiple temperature sensing elements was considered and numerically simulated in considering wide range flow rate. The sensor response obtained from the temperature difference between the sensing elements depends on the geometrical parameters of the design and processing materials. In order to determine the optimal spacing distance between the sensing elements around the central heater, the temperature distributions of the sensor corresponding to the variation of the flow rate and the spacing distance was calculated. From the results, the optimal spacing distance has to be determined by increasing the spacing between the sensing elements for high flow range.
The value of physical examination in the diagnosis of hip osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE To compare the sensitivity of physical examination (internal rotation of the hip) with radiographs (using the Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale) in the diagnosis of clinically significant hip osteoarthritis. DESIGN Case Series, Retrospective chart review of hip pain patients that underwent fluoroscopically guided hip steroid and anesthetic injections. PARTICIPANTS 10 patients with hip pain patients seen at an academic outpatient center over a 2 year period were analyzed. INTERVENTIONS Fluoroscopically guided hip steroid and anesthetic injection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Pain relief and change in VAS pain score after intra-articular hip steroid and lidocaine injection was the main outcome measure. RESULTS Based on Fisher's exact test, there was no association between severity of radiographic hip arthritis and pain relief with intra-articular anesthetic/steroid injection (p=0.45). Physical examination (provocative hip internal rotation) however was associated with a significant decrease in VAS pain score after intra-articular lidocaine and corticosteroid hip injection (p=0.022). CONCLUSION Simple hip radiographs alone are not sufficient to diagnose clinically significant hip osteoarthritis. Physical examination (hip internal rotation) was found to be more accurate than simple radiographs in the diagnosis of clinically significant hip osteoarthritis. Radiographs seem to best utilized when they are an extension of the physical examination and patient history.
Microscopic investigations of palynological features of convolvulaceous species from arid zone of Pakistan

The pollen morphology of some species of glamorous family Convolvulaceae from arid zones of Pakistan has been evaluated. The pollen grains were acetolyzed, measured, described qualitatively, and illustrated using Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The examined species have differences in shape, size, polarity and exine ornamentation, confirming the eurypalynous character. The pollen types varies from psilate to echinate and colpi to tricolporate, tetracolporate and pantocolporate. Exine ornamentation was exposed as perforate, reticulate and echinate. Spine morphology and exine sculpture are vital for the distinction of species. Pollen fertility shows that selected plants species are well‐known in the Arid Zone. A taxonomic key is prepared to use these variations in the identification of species. Statistical analysis by using the Software XLSTAT exhibited that some morphological features is the main characters in identification of the taxa. These studied taxa were separated from each other using cluster Analysis. Our results constructed on MVSP ver. 3.22 software analyses that show morphological explanation; thus, the results highlight the importance of pollen morphology in the identification and characterization of species of the family convolvulacae in arid zone.
Novel approach for diversity and MIMO antennas at small mobile platforms

Small arrays with closely spaced elements are analyzed with respect to the impact of mutual coupling on gain degradation and correlation between different port patterns. In order to meet concurrently the demands for mutually orthogonal port patterns and maximum gain, a novel antenna circuit for the decoupling of the antenna ports is introduced. A two-port antenna with /spl lambda//10 spaced printed monopoles serves as a simple example for the verification of the approach.
A mutant of Chlamydomonas without LHCSR maintains high rates of photosynthesis, but has reduced cell division rates in sinusoidal light conditions

The LHCSR protein belongs to the light harvesting complex family of pigment-binding proteins found in oxygenic photoautotrophs. Previous studies have shown that this complex is required for the rapid induction and relaxation of excess light energy dissipation in a wide range of eukaryotic algae and moss. The ability of cells to rapidly regulate light harvesting between this dissipation state and one favoring photochemistry is believed to be important for reducing oxidative stress and maintaining high photosynthetic efficiency in a rapidly changing light environment. We found that a mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii lacking LHCSR, npq4lhcsr1, displays minimal photoinhibition of photosystem II and minimal inhibition of short term oxygen evolution when grown in constant excess light compared to a wild type strain. We also investigated the impact of no LHCSR during growth in a sinusoidal light regime, which mimics daily changes in photosynthetically active radiation. The absence of LHCSR correlated with a slight reduction in the quantum efficiency of photosystem II and a stimulation of the maximal rates of photosynthesis compared to wild type. However, there was no reduction in carbon accumulation during the day. Another novel finding was that npq4lhcsr1 cultures underwent fewer divisions at night, reducing the overall growth rate compared to the wild type. Our results show that the rapid regulation of light harvesting mediated by LHCSR is required for high growth rates, but it is not required for efficient carbon accumulation during the day in a sinusoidal light environment. This finding has direct implications for engineering strategies directed at increasing photosynthetic productivity in mass cultures.
Psychiatric features of 36 men convicted of sexual offenses.

BACKGROUND To increase understanding of the relationship between sexual violence and mental illness, the authors assessed the legal histories and psychiatric features of 36 males convicted of sexual offenses. METHOD Thirty-six consecutive male sex offenders admitted from prison, jail, or probation to a residential treatment facility received structured clinical interviews for DSM-IV Axis I and II disorders. The participants' legal histories, histories of sexual and physical abuse, and family histories of psychiatric disorders were also assessed. RESULTS The participants' mean +/- SD age was 33+/-8 years. They had been convicted a mean of 1.8+/-1.4 times (range, 1-9 times) for sexual offenses and incarcerated a mean of 8+/-6 years (range, 0-22 years). Participants displayed high rates of lifetime DSM-IV Axis I disorders: 30 (83%) had a substance use disorder; 21 (58%), a paraphilia; 22 (61%), a mood disorder (13 [36%] with a bipolar disorder); 14 (39%), an impulse control disorder; 13 (36%), an anxiety disorder; and 6 (17%), an eating disorder. Participants also displayed high rates of Axis II disorders, with 26 (72%) meeting DSM-IV criteria for antisocial personality disorder. In addition, subjects reported experiencing high rates of sexual (but not physical) abuse and high rates of Axis I disorders, especially substance use and mood disorders, in their first-degree relatives. Compared with subjects without paraphilias, subjects with paraphilias displayed statistically significantly higher rates of mood, anxiety, and eating disorders, as well as significantly higher rates of childhood sexual abuse. CONCLUSION Recognition and treatment of major psychiatric disorders among sex offenders may increase chances for successful rehabilitation, reduce recidivism and public victimization, and produce significant public health and economic benefits. More studies in this area appear warranted to search for more effective interventions for this severe public health problem.
ResearchRemarkable features of ovarian morphology and reproductive hormones in insulin-resistant Zucker fatty ( fa / fa ) rats

Background: Zucker fatty (fa/fa) rats are a well-understood model of obesity and hyperinsulinemia. It is now thought that obesity/hyperinsulinemia is an important cause of endocrinological abnormality, but to date there have been no reports on the changes in ovarian morphology or the ovarian androgen profile in rat models of obesity and insulin
DIAGNOSIS OF TICK-BORNE DISEASES : B . BURGDORFERI , B . MICROTI , AND ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM

Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne zoonotic infection in the northern hemisphere. It is a complex multisystem disorder that may involve single or multiple organ systems. Infection with the causative agent, the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi may involve the skin, central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as targets within the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems. Patients at risk for Lyme disease are also at risk acquiring of infection or coinfection with other agents transmitted by the same tick vector, including Babesia microti and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Since infection with all three agents can manifest initially as a nonspecific febrile illness with or without specific organ system involvement, the clinical diagnosis of a presenting patient can be challenging. Laboratory methods for detection of and discrimination between these infections are of significant value in the clinical evaluation of such patients. This review will describe the curious convergence of these tick-borne infections and the diagnostic challenges they pose, and will detail the laboratory procedures that can be used to decipher the complex array of diagnostic possibilities.
Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology

edited by Allan H. Ropper and Martin A. Samuels , 1572 pp., McGraw Hill Medical, 2009, $159 Upon receiving the request to review the ninth edition of Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology , I recalled my experience with the fourth edition—I had been disappointed by the anecdotal writing. I was pleasantly surprised by the ninth edition. The anecdotal nature of the fourth edition has sublimated into a superb compendium of neurologic conditions punctuated by expert opinion, pertinent speculation regarding areas of neurology …
THE PATTERN OF MUSCULAR ACTIVITY DURING THE ARM SWING OF NATURAL WALKING.

A telemetering device is described to record action potentials from muscles of the upper arm and the shoulder during the arm swing of natural walking. The forward swing is caused by activity in some inward rotators, the flexors remaining inactive. The posterior part of the deltoid and some outward rotators are responsible for the backward swing. During walk-turning electrical activity occurred in flexors inactive during straight walking accounting for the increased excursion of the forward swing which counteracts the torsional movement of the trunk. Step-related muscular activity persisted even when the arm was prevented from swinging.
Definition and impact of pathologic complete response on prognosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in various intrinsic breast cancer subtypes.

PURPOSE The exact definition of pathologic complete response (pCR) and its prognostic impact on survival in intrinsic breast cancer subtypes is uncertain. METHODS Tumor response at surgery and its association with long-term outcome of 6,377 patients with primary breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant anthracycline-taxane-based chemotherapy in seven randomized trials were analyzed. RESULTS Disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly superior in patients with no invasive and no in situ residuals in breast or nodes (n = 955) compared with patients with residual ductal carcinoma in situ only (n = 309), no invasive residuals in breast but involved nodes (n = 186), only focal-invasive disease in the breast (n = 478), and gross invasive residual disease (n = 4,449; P < .001). Hazard ratios for DFS comparing patients with or without pCR were lowest when defined as no invasive and no in situ residuals (0.446) and increased monotonously when in situ residuals (0.523), no invasive breast residuals but involved nodes (0.623), and focal-invasive disease (0.727) were included in the definition. pCR was associated with improved DFS in luminal B/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) -negative (P = .005), HER2-positive/nonluminal (P < .001), and triple-negative (P < .001) tumors but not in luminal A (P = .39) or luminal B/HER2-positive (P = .45) breast cancer. pCR in HER2-positive (nonluminal) and triple-negative tumors was associated with excellent prognosis. CONCLUSION pCR defined as no invasive and no in situ residuals in breast and nodes can best discriminate between patients with favorable and unfavorable outcomes. Patients with noninvasive or focal-invasive residues or involved lymph nodes should not be considered as having achieved pCR. pCR is a suitable surrogate end point for patients with luminal B/HER2-negative, HER2-positive (nonluminal), and triple-negative disease but not for those with luminal B/HER2-positive or luminal A tumors.
Nutrient stoichiometry and land use rather than species richness determine plant functional diversity

Abstract Plant functional traits reflect individual and community ecological strategies. They allow the detection of directional changes in community dynamics and ecosystemic processes, being an additional tool to assess biodiversity than species richness. Analysis of functional patterns in plant communities provides mechanistic insight into biodiversity alterations due to anthropogenic activity. Although studies have consi‐dered of either anthropogenic management or nutrient availability on functional traits in temperate grasslands, studies combining effects of both drivers are scarce. Here, we assessed the impacts of management intensity (fertilization, mowing, grazing), nutrient stoichiometry (C, N, P, K), and vegetation composition on community‐weighted means (CWMs) and functional diversity (Rao's Q) from seven plant traits in 150 grasslands in three regions in Germany, using data of 6 years. Land use and nutrient stoichiometry accounted for larger proportions of model variance of CWM and Rao's Q than species richness and productivity. Grazing affected all analyzed trait groups; fertilization and mowing only impacted generative traits. Grazing was clearly associated with nutrient retention strategies, that is, investing in durable structures and production of fewer, less variable seed. Phenological variability was increased. Fertilization and mowing decreased seed number/mass variability, indicating competition‐related effects. Impacts of nutrient stoichiometry on trait syndromes varied. Nutrient limitation (large N:P, C:N ratios) promoted species with conservative strategies, that is, investment in durable plant structures rather than fast growth, fewer seed, and delayed flowering onset. In contrast to seed mass, leaf‐economics variability was reduced under P shortage. Species diversity was positively associated with the variability of generative traits. Synthesis. Here, land use, nutrient availability, species richness, and plant functional strategies have been shown to interact complexly, driving community composition, and vegetation responses to management intensity. We suggest that deeper understanding of underlying mechanisms shaping community assembly and biodiversity will require analyzing all these parameters.
Pneumolysin in pneumococcal adherence and colonization.

The universal and highly conserved production of pneumolysin, the major pneumococcal cytolysin, among clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and the previously reported association of pneumolysin production with increased pneumococcal adherence to respiratory epithelium in organ cultures suggest that this toxin might be important for nasopharyngeal colonization. We confirmed that pneumolysin-deficient mutant pneumococcal strains had decreased adherence to respiratory epithelial cells in vitro compared with their isogeneic wild-type strains. However, neither early nor sustained colonization by type 14 S. pneumoniae in an established murine model was dependent on bacterial production of pneumolysin. We conclude that pneumolysin production is not a major determinant of successful nasopharyngeal colonization by pneumococci.
Analysis of texture distributions of polarimetric SAR data

In this paper, the scattering model, also known as random walk model, is studied with the objective to obtain a physical explanation for the texture of polarimetric SAR data. Statistical analysis of the simulated data shows that both the fluctuation of the scatterer number and the mixture of different scatterers can give non-Gaussian distributed data. The mixture of scatterers will lead to extremely heterogeneous appearance, which may be a clue to analyze the urban areas in polarimetric SAR data. Besides, the distribution of the scatterer response has effect only when the number of scatterers in a resolution cell is small, which appears in very high resolution data.
Oxidative stress suppresses transcription factor activities in stimulated lymphocytes

Effects of oxidative stress on stimulation‐dependent signal transduction, leading to IL‐2 expression, were studied. Purified quiescent human blood T lymphocytes were subjected to: (i) acute exposure to hydrogen peroxide; (ii) chronic exposure to hydrogen peroxide; and (iii) acute exposure to ionizing radiation. The cells were then stimulated for 6 h. DNA‐binding activities (determined by the electrophoretic mobility shift assay) of three transcription factors: NFκB, AP‐1 and NFAT, were abolished in the lymphocytes by all three modes of oxidative stress. The lymphocytes exhibited lipid peroxidation only upon exposure to the lowest level of hydrogen peroxide used (20 μM). All three modes of oxidative stress induced catalase activity in the lymphocytes. The only exception was hydrogen peroxide at 20 μM, which did not induce catalase activity. We conclude that: (i) suppression of specific transcription factor functions can potentially serve as a marker of exposure to oxidative stress and its effects on human lymphocytes; (ii) lipid peroxidation is only detectable in human lymphocytes upon exposure to weak oxidative stress which does not induce catalase activity; (iii) therefore, transcription factor DNA‐binding activities are more sensitive to oxidative stress than lipid peroxidation.
Surveillance for Hospital-Acquired Infections on Surgical Wards in a Dutch University Hospital

Abstract Objectives: To determine incidence rates of hospital-acquired infections and to develop preventive measures to reduce the risk of hospital-acquired infections. Methods: Prospective surveillance for hospital-acquired infections was performed during a 5-year period in the wards housing general and vascular, thoracic, orthopedic, and general gynecologic and gynecologic-oncologic surgery of the University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands. Data were collected from patients with and without infections, using criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results: The infection control team recorded 648 hospital-acquired infections affecting 550 (14%) of 3,845 patients. The incidence density was 17.8 per 1,000 patient-days. Patients with hospital-acquired infections were hospitalized for 19.8 days versus 7.7 days for patients without hospital-acquired infections. Prolongation of stay among patients with hospital-acquired infections may have resulted in 664 fewer admissions due to unavailable beds. Different specialties were associated with different infection rates at different sites, requiring a tailor-made approach. Interventions were recommended for respiratory tract infections in the thoracic surgery ward and for surgical-site infections in the orthopedic and gynecologic surgery wards. Conclusions: Surveillance in four surgical wards showed that each had its own prominent infection, risk factors, and indications for specific recommendations. Because prospective surveillance requires extensive resources, we considered a modified approach based on a half-yearly point-prevalence survey of hospital-acquired infections in all wards of our hospital. Such surveillance can be extended with procedure-specific prospective surveillance when indicated.
NONSEGMENTAL VITILIGO: DECREASE OF THE CD45RA+ T‐CELL SUBSET AND EVIDENCE EOR PERIPHERAL T‐CELL ACTIVATION

Peripheral T‐lymphocytes from 16 randomly selected patients with nonsegmental vitiligo were labeled with monoclonal antibodies recognizing T‐cell receptor (TCR) α/β, TCR γ/δ, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45RA, CD45RO, CD11b, CD11C, CD16, CD56, CD25, CD54, and HLA‐DR antigens. In comparison with matched controls, a significant decrease of the CD45RA+ subset (P < 0.03) together with significant increase of the circulating HLA‐DR‐I‐ cells (P< 0.02) was found. No other alterations were detected. These findings may point to some autoimmune phenomena involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The increased HLA‐DR expression indicates the presence of activated peripheral T‐cells. Thus, our data provide new and further evidence for T‐cell dysregulation in nonsegmental vitiligo.
The influence of physiologic variables and oral contraceptives on bioelectric impedance.

The effects of diurnal variation diet physical activity levels and oral contraceptive (OC) use on bioelectric impedance were evaluated in 3 sets of young adult males and females. There was no significant association between measures of bioelectric resistance and time of day or between interval from previous meal or drink and means of the differences of body composition variables estimated from underwater weighing less corresponding values predicted from sex-specific equations using bioelectric resistance and anthropometry. In women who did not participate in some form of regular physical activity the means of the differences of body composition variables estimated from underwater weighing less corresponding values predicted from bioelectric resistance and anthropometry were significantly difference than means among women who were more physically active. The corresponding findings in men were not significant. Also not significant were the effects of OC use and the timing within the menstrual cycle on measures of bioelectric resistance. The study findings further suggested that measures of bioelectric resistance taken on 1 random day during the menstrual cycle are sufficient to represent the true value during that cycle and successive cycles. More extensive direct experimental research is needed before the possibility of physiologic or pharmacologic effects on bioelectric impedance can be dismissed given the small sample size and limited specificity of the present study.
Michael helper type 2 )-associated Adjuvants Adaptive Immune Response by Th 2 ( T Cathepsin-mediated Necrosis Controls the Immunology :

10.1074/jbc.M112.400655 Access the most updated version of this article at doi: . JBC Affinity Sites Find articles, minireviews, Reflections and Classics on similar topics on the Alerts: When a correction for this article is posted • When this article is cited • to choose from all of JBC's e-mail alerts Click here Supplemental material: http://www.jbc. org/content/suppl/2013/01/07/M112.400655. DC1.html