Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trends in Qualitative Research in Three Major Language Teaching and Learning Journals, 2006–2015

This study examines the current trends and complexities in qualitative research in three major language teaching and learning journals published from 2006–2015. After categorizing 781 articles into quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods, and other approaches, 226 qualitative research articles were closely examined and further analyzed in terms of four dimensions: approaches, methods, number of participants, and length of research period. The findings showed that case study was the most frequently employed approach, followed by ethnography. The study also identified that while interviews, observations, discourse analysis, and conversation analysis were relatively well utilized, more than 150 different data collection and analysis methods were used. Although the results of the study show a tendency to use certain approaches and methods in qualitative research more than others, they also demonstrate the complexity and diversity of qualitative research and the difficulty in clarifying and categorizing types of qualitative research in language teaching and learning.
Climatological study of the Boundary-layer air Stagnation Index for China and its relationship with air pollution

<p>The Air Stagnation Index (ASI) is a vital meteorological measure of the atmosphere&#8217;s ability to dilute air pollutants. The original metric adopted by the US National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) is found to be not very suitable for China, because the decoupling between the upper and lower atmospheric layers results in a weak link between the near-surface air pollution and upper-air wind speed. Therefore, a new threshold for the ASI&#8211;Boundary-layer air Stagnation Index (BSI) is proposed, consisting of daily maximal ventilation in the atmospheric boundary layer, precipitation, and real latent instability. In the present study, the climatological features of the BSI are investigated. It shows that the spatial distribution of the BSI is similar to the ASI; that is, annual mean stagnations occur most often in the northwestern and southwestern basins, i.e., the Xinjiang and Sichuan basins (more than 180 days), and least over plateaus, i.e., the Qinghai&#8211;Tibet and Yunnan plateaus (less than 40 days). However, the seasonal cycle of the BSI is changed. Stagnation days under the new metric are observed to be maximal in winter and minimal in summer, which is positively correlated with the air pollution index (API) during 2000&#8211;2012. The correlations between the BSI and the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during January 2013 and November to December in 2015&#8211;2017 of Beijing are also investigated. It shows that the BSI matches the day-by-day variation of PM2.5 concentration very well and is able to catch the haze episodes. </p>
WHAT DO THEY KNOW ABOUT FOOD SAFETY? A QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY ON FOOD SAFETY KNOWLEDGE OF KITCHEN EMPLOYEES IN ISTANBUL

Lack of hygiene knowledge and perception of food handlers, play a big role in outbreaks. The purpose of this study was to evaluate knowledge and awareness of food handlers with regard to food safety in Istanbul. The survey was conducted involving 400 kitchen employees working in 22 kitchens in Istanbul. The findings have been analysed with respect to gender, educational level and work experience variables in the SPSS program. According to results; 90.8% of participants know that, food hygiene means to remove the illness-causing factors in food. It was determined that the level of knowledge of food handlers did not differ according to gender. According to the hypothesis that we obtained that there is a difference according to education levels. Also, knowledge of the food handlers was significantly different according to the job position and to the duration of the food handler in a food establishment.
Marketing Unions to Young People: Recruiting and ‘rusting on’

In light of declining trade union density, specifically amongst young workers, this paper explores how trade unions are servicing and organising young people. Our specific focus is the way in which trade unions market their services to the young. We use, as a lens of analysis, the services marketing literature and the concept of an ‘experience good’ to explore trade union strategies. Based on interviews with a number of Queensland union officials, it is clear unions see the issue of recruitment of young people as significant, and that resources are being targeted on the development of innovative strategies at least in some unions.
Remarks on Right Dislocation Construction in Korean: Challenges to bi-clausal analyses* 1)

Ko, Heejeong. (2014). Remarks on Right Dislocation Construction in Korean: Challenges to bi-clausal analyses. Language Research, 50.2, 275-310. This paper investigates the syntax and semantics of postverbal elements in so-called Right Dislocation Constructions (RDCs) in Korean. Recently, a growing number of researchers have argued that RDCs in Korean must be analyzed under the assumption that RDCs contain a bi-clausal structure. This paper aims to closely re-examine and evaluate the validity of current bi-clausal analyses. In particular, I discuss three representative approaches couched under bi-clausal analyses: (i) the scrambling-based analysis, (ii) the pro-predicate based analysis, and (iii) the fragment-based analysis. I show that each of these approaches faces non-trivial challenges. Specifically, I show that the syntax of postverbal elements cannot be equated to either scrambling or a regular fragment answer. An array of intriguing contrasts between RDCs and scrambling, and between RDCs and fragments are presented in this paper. I also present a new set of challenges to the claim that postverbal elements are licensed by a pro-predicate.
Estimation of Genetic Variability, Hertability and Genetic Advance in Upland Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes at Guraferda, South West Ethiopia

A field experiment was executed using fifteen rain fed upland rice genotypes for two consecutive years (2014 and 2015) during the main cropping season in South Western Ethiopia, to estimate the extent of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance. The experiment was laid down in a randomized complete block design with three replications and data on seven quantitative phenotypic traits were collected and subjected to various statistical analysis. Combined analysis of variance across years revealed significant (P≤0.05) difference of year, genotype and genotype x year interaction effects for most of the traits evaluated. The phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 2.76% for days 85% to maturity to 15.21% for grain yieldha -1 , while the genotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 1.52% for days 85% to maturity to 9.67% for plant height. Heritability estimates in broad sense were high for days to 50% heading (89.98%), plant height (84.49%), thousand seed weight (77.00%) and panicle length (65.10%) and moderate and low for days to 85% maturity (30.38%) and grain yield ha -1 (8.40%), respectively. Days to 50% heading, plant height and thousand seed weight displayed high heritability along with moderate genetic advance as percent of mean estimates and days to 85% maturity and grain yield exhibited low GCV, heritability and genetic advance estimates. The present study revealed reasonable amount of genetic variability for the majority of the considered quantitative traits in rain fed upland rice genotype, indicating that it could be used in future rice breeding programs. However, it is recommended that the experiment could be replicated at more locations with more number of genotypes to assure the obtained results. In addition, it is better if more number of quantitative and qualitative traits included for widening the scope inference. Keywords : Genetic advance, Genetic variability, Heritability, Upland Rice
The impact of tariff diversity on broadband diffusion: An empirical analysis

This paper provides an empirical analysis how tariff diversity affects broadband uptake, utilizing a new data set with 1497 fixed-line and 2158 mobile broadband tariffs from 91 countries across the globe. An instrumental variable approach is applied to estimate the demand for fixed broadband internet access, controlling for various industry and socio-economic factors. The empirical results indicate that, first, in addition to lower prices and higher income, more tariff diversity additionally increases broadband penetration. Secondly, inter-platform competition and mobile broadband prices are not found to have a significant effect on fixed-line broadband penetration. This suggests that low prices, higher incomes and the diversity of broadband offerings are more important drivers of fixed broadband adoption than competition between various technologies (cable networks, fixed-line telephone networks, mobile networks).
Wastewater Treatment Using Vertical Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland in Indonesia

Problem statement: A constructed wetland to treat wastewater from farm house has been built in Padjadjaran University farming research station in Jatinangor, Indonesia, in July 2009. Approach: Water samples from both influent and effluent were taken every two weeks and analysed for COD, BOD5, NO3-N, NO2-N, NH4-N, total-N, PO4-P, total coliform bacteria, pH, O2 and settleable solids. Results: The objective of this study was to install one constructed wetland with a vertical flow system to treat sewage from farm house by using an aquatic macrophyte (Phragmites karka). The average treatment efficiencies during the period from August 2009 to January 2010 for BOD5, COD, NH4-N, total- N, PO4-P and total coliform bacteria were 76,03, 78,89, 88,18, 71,70, 91,06 and 99,45% respectively. The average concentration in effluent from period of August to January for BOD5 was 21.87 mg L-1, COD (57.66 mg L-1), NH4-N (0.82 mg L-1), NO3-N (1,36 mg L-1), total-N (2.68 mg L-1), PO4-P (0.07 mg L-1) and total coliform bacteria (4880 MPN/100 ml). Conclusion/Recommendations: The overall results show that all effluent concentration from constructed wetlands except BOD5 were still low and fall considerably short of Indonesian effluent standards for irrigation water. These results were very promising to be used in treating wastewater from agricultural industry and produce clean water which then can still be used for other purposes such as irrigation water, fisheries and other necessities.
The perturbation of attractors of skew-product flows with a shadowing driving system

The influence of the driving system on a skew-product flow generated by a triangular system of differential equations can be perturbed in two ways, directly by perturbing the vector field of the driving system component itself or indirectly by perturbing its input variable in the vector field of the coupled component. The effect of such perturbations on a nonautonomous attractor of the driven component is investigated here. In particular, it is shown that a perturbed nonautonomous attractor with nearby components exists in the indirect case if the driven system has an inflated nonautonomous attractor and that the direct case can be reduced to this case if the driving system is shadowing.
WIRE PROFILE MONITORS IN J-PARC LINAC

We schedule to install wire scanners for J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) linac in order to measure beam profile and emittance. They have been designed to capture electrons in H - beam, and 7μmdiameter carbon wires and are 30μm-diameter tungsten wires are used for 3MeV and 50-181MeV beam, respectively. In this paper, we report the result of the beam test with 3MeV beam performed at KEK and the calculation about signal and wire temperature.
Budget Deficit Financing and the Nigeria Economy

The disagreement over the impact of budget deficit financing on macroeconomic variable is a key part of the controversies between the classical cum monetarist and Keynesian economists. Besides, empirical studies on the issue are yet to settle the debate. This paper is an attempt to provide empirical evidence on the relationship between deficit financing and selected macroeconomic variables in Nigeria. The study examined the sources of financing the overall budget deficits and their impact on the selected variables. Thus, the study identify External loans (EXT), Domestic Banking System (DBS), Non-Bank Public (NBP) and Other Sources (OS) as the sources of financing budget deficit in Nigeria. The effect of deficits financed from these sources were examined on selected macroeconomic variables, namely: economic growth (proxied by real GDP); Inflation Rate (INFR) and Unemployment Rate (UNPR). Annual time-series data on these variables from 1981-2013 were obtained from central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical Bulletin for 2013. The ordinary least squares (OLS) method of the multiple regressions analysis was used to estimate the model while our computing device was the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The following were the conclusions from the study: that deficits financed from external loans have insignificant negative influence on economic growth while deficits financed from domestic sources (e.g. DBS and NBP) stimulate economic growth in Nigeria; that irrespective of the source, deficit financing have no significant influence on inflation, and that, domestic sources of financing deficits aggravate unemployment in Nigeria. It is recommended, among other things, that Nigeria should diversify and broaden its revenue base so as to reduce the country’s vulnerability to negative shocks from oil revenue, and so as not to resort to deficit budgeting. Keywords: Budget deficit financing, economic growth, inflation, unemployment
Characterization of the Crude Alkaline Extracellular Protease of Yarrowia lipolytica YlTun15

Yarrowia lipolytica YlTun15 (GeneBank Acc. N° MF327143), isolated from farmed Dicentrarchus labrax’s gills, secretes an alkaline extracellular protease, which exhibited the highest activity at pH 9 and temperature 45°C. The enzyme activity extracted was tested in the presence of different ion metal and protein inhibitors. The enzyme activity increased in the presence of both Cu2+ (1 mM) and Mn2+ (5mM) in the medium. K+, Na2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ had no effect on the enzyme activity while Ni+, Hg+, Zn2+ and Fe2+ decreased significantly its relative activity to 43.63%, 66.25%, 30.75% and 19.48% respectively at the 5 mM level. The enzyme was almost (activity=1.47%) inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride at the concentration of 5 mM. However, the protease activity was relatively constant in the presence of EDTA and SDS that may conclude that this enzyme was not a metalloprotease and belong to the serine protease category. After 18 months-storage at -20°C, the enzyme activity has decreased to 23.17%. This protease may have a potential application in food and detergent activity.
Organizational Determinants of Workplace Deviant Behaviours: An Empirical Analysis in Nigeria

This study examines the relationship between employee’s organizational reactions and deviant behaviours in the workplace. Drawing on the organizational climate and workplace deviance literatures, we hypothesize that deviant workplace behaviours of males will be significantly different from that of their female counterpart. Likewise, that there will be a significant positive relationship between employees organisational reactions and various facets of deviant behaviour in the workplace. The study was anchored on Affective Events Theory, Agency Theory and Robinson & Bennett Typology of Deviance behaviour Theory. Six hundred and ninety six employees completed the surveys. The results supported our hypotheses. First, male participants were significantly different from their female counterparts on production deviance, personal aggression, political deviance and property deviance respectively. Specifically, production deviance, personal aggression and political deviance were higher among females than males. Second, multiple regression analysis revealed that organisational reaction variables (supervision, company identification, kinds of work, amount of work, co-workers, physical work conditions and financial rewards) are significant predictors of different facets of workplace deviant behaviours among workers. Finally, mean deviant behaviours of males at both controlled work environment and less controlled work environment was higher and significantly different from that of their female counterparts. Interaction between gender and work environment control was not significant as expected. The results were discussed in the light of extant literature on deviant workplace behavior, and implications for management practices.
Overview of the second stage in the comprehensive mirrors test in JET

The first mirror test for ITER in JET with carbon walls has been completed. Thirty polycrystalline Mo mirrors including four coated with a 1 μm rhodium (Rh) film were exposed to plasma in the divertor region and in the main chamber. The mirrors were installed in eight cassettes of pan-pipe shape. The reflectivity of all mirrors exposed in the divertor has been degraded by 80–90% because of the formation of thick (>20 μm) flaking co-deposits on surfaces. Only small reflectivity losses (5–10%) occurred on mirrors located at the channel mouth of the cassettes from the main chamber wall. This is due to the in situ removal of deposited species by charge exchange neutrals. Deuterium, 12C and 9Be are the main isotopes detected on surfaces, but other isotopes (13C) are also found in some locations, thus indicating differences in the material migration. Rhodium coatings with an initial reflectivity that is 30% better than that of pure Mo survived the test without detachment, but their resultant reflectivity was the same as that of the exposed Mo surfaces.
The Use of HbA1c for Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes in Korea

Background/Aims: An HbA1c test result ≥ 6.5% has recently been recommended as the defining criterion for diabetes by the American Diabetes Association. We compared the detection of diabetes using oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-based and HbA1c-based diagnostic criteria. Additionally, we identified the optimal HbA1c threshold for diabetes in Korea. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional retrospective design using data from 405 subjects without known diabetes who underwent OGTT and HbA1c tests for the diagnosis of diabetes between January, 2005, and June, 2010, at Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital, Korea. The OGTT is considered to be the gold standard for diagnosing diabetes. Based on a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, optimal sensitivity and specificity were derived for identifying the HbA1c threshold. Results: For diabetes, HbA1c at 6.5% gave a sensitivity of 52.9%, specificity of 95.1%, positive predictive value of 92.9%, and a negative predictive value of 62.7%. A total of 47.1% of subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes had HbA1c levels <6.5%. Results were similar in sexand age-stratified analyses. To identify diabetes based on OGTT, the HbA1c threshold of 6.1% had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.849 with 77.8% sensitivity and 71.7% specificity. Conclusions: In a Korean population, diabetes prevalence was lower using the HbA1c-based diagnostic criteria. An HbA1c threshold of 6.1% optimally identified diabetes by OGTT-based diagnostic criteria in Korea. Further large-scale, population-based studies are needed to evaluate the HbA1c threshold for diagnosing diabetes in Korea. (Korean J Med 2011;80:291-297)
Effects of sub‐seasonal variability on seasonal‐to‐interannual Indian Ocean meridional heat transport

Numerical experiments using the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model are performed to examine atmospheric intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) effects on seasonal‐to‐interannual meridional heat transport (Qv) in the tropical Indian Ocean. Analysis focuses on the equator and 14.5°S, latitudes associated with the cross‐equatorial and southern subtropical meridional cells. ISOs alter seasonal Qv anomaly (Qv*) at these latitudes by a‐few‐hundredths PW up to 2–3 tenths PW. On interannual timescales, heat transport anomaly (Q′v) induced by ISOs tends to reinforce (correlates positively with) the total Q′v signal. ISO winds can induce interannual Q′v up to 0.15 PW, comparable to the maximum amplitude of the Q′v signal. Net effects of atmospheric ISOs can account for ∼30% of Q′v in some years; in others, ISO contributions are insignificant. Wind stress (via momentum flux) and wind speed (via turbulent heat fluxes and vertical mixing) play notable roles in ISO effects on Qv* and in some years on Q′v.
Profitability and Its Determinants in Turkish Manufacturing Industry: Evidence from a Dynamic Panel Model

Our paper empirically analyses the factors that determine the profitability of 120 manufacturing firms listed in Borsa Istanbul Stock Exchange during the period 2005-2012. Estimation results from dynamic panel data model taking into account the endogeneity of variables indicate that lagged profitability, firm size, financial risk, R&D costs, net working capital, and economic growth are the most important variables affecting firm profitability. More specifically, profitability is positively and significantly affected by past profitability, firm size in terms of total sales, net working capital, and economic growth. On the other hand, R&D costs and financial risk have a dampening effect on the profitability.
Study on the flavour of soybean cultivars by sensory analysis and electronic tongue

Summary The scope of this study was to assess the sensory attributes of five Brazilian soybean cultivars genetically different (BRS), described as special soybean cultivars for human consumption (BRS 216, BRS 213 and BRS 267) and conventional (BRS 258 and BRS 133), by quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA), and verify the ability of the electronic tongue to discriminate the soybean cultivars according to its flavours. According to QDA, BRS 267 was characterised by increased grain size, more intense cream colour, sweet flavour, sweet and umami taste. BRS 133 showed a dark hilum colouring, cooked bean and rancid aroma, cooked bean and rancid, bitter and astringent attributes. BRS 216 presented smaller grain size, less intense cream colouring and a more rounded grain shape, while the BRS 258 showed a hard texture. BRS 213 was characterised by a neutral flavour. The electronic tongue was able to distinguish between the five soybean cultivars according to their different flavour attributes. Correlation analysis was made among chemical constituents of soybean (hexanal, linoleic and linolenic acid, isoflavones, sucrose and fructose, and glutamic acid and alanine), sensory attributes and electronic sensors. Sensory attributes had a significant correlation, in absolute value, P ≤ 0.05, with electronic tongue (r = 0.50–0.80) and chemical constituents of soybean grains (r = 0.51–0.98). Electronic tongue had a significant correlation (r = 0.50–0.94) with the chemical constituents. It can be used effectively to classify soybean cultivars.