Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phase I Clinical Evaluation of a Synthetic Oligosaccharide-Protein Conjugate Vaccine against Haemophilus influenzae Type b in Human Adult Volunteers

ABSTRACT Since 1989, we have been involved in the development of a vaccine against Haemophilus influenzae type b. The new vaccine is based on the conjugation of synthetic oligosaccharides to tetanus toxoid. Our main goals have been (i) to verify the feasibility of using the synthetic antigen and (ii) to search for new production alternatives for this important infant vaccine. Overall, eight trials have already been conducted with adults, children (4 to 5 years old), and infants. We have described herein the details from the first two phase I clinical trials conducted with human adult volunteers under double blind, randomized conditions. The participants each received a single intramuscular injection to evaluate safety and initial immunogenicity. We have found an excellent safety profile and an antibody response similar to the one observed for the control vaccine.
Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 13 is an Uncommon SCA Subtype in the Chinese Han Population

The spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders, among which SCA subtype 13 (SCA13) was found associated with mutations in the KCNC3 gene. Among 522 Chinese Han SCA patients (including familial and sporadic) we have collected since 1995, approximately 40% of them have not yet been assigned genotype. To investigate the mutation frequency of KCNC3 in SCA patients from mainland Chinese Han population, we analyzed the KCNC3 gene in 201 unrelated patients diagnosed with dominantly inherited cerebellar ataxia using the denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) method. All analyzed samples displayed the normal elution profile, which denoted that no disease-related mutation was identified, suggesting that SCA13 be a rare form of SCA in mainland China.
Human Papillomavirus E 7 Oncoprotein Overrides the Tumor Suppressor Activity of p 21 Cip 1 in Cervical Carcinogenesis

The E7 oncoprotein of the high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) is thought to contribute to cervical carcinogenesis at least in part by abrogating cell cycle regulation. E7 can dysregulate the cell cycle through its interaction with several cellular proteins including the retinoblastoma suppressor protein pRb, as well as the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Inactivation of pRb in cervical epithelia is not sufficient to explain the ability of E7 to cause cervical cancers in transgenic mice. In the current study, we focused on the role of p21 in cervical cancer. Cervical disease was significantly increased in p21 / mice compared with p21 mice, showing that p21 can function as a tumor suppressor in this tissue. Importantly, the ability of E7 to induce cervical cancers was not significantly enhanced on the p21-null background, consistent with the hypothesis that the ability of E7 to inhibit p21 contributes to its carcinogenic properties. Further supportive of this hypothesis, cervical carcinogenesis in mice expressing a mutant form of HPV-16 E7, E7, which fails to inactivate p21, was significantly reduced compared with that in K14E7 mice expressing wild-type HPV-16 E7. However, K14E7 mice still displayed heightened levels of cervical carcinogenesis compared with that in nontransgenic mice, indicating that activities of E7 besides its capacity to inactivate p21 also contribute to cervical carcinogenesis. Taken together, we conclude that p21 functions as a tumor suppressor in cervical carcinogenesis and that p21 inactivation by HPV-16 E7 partially contributes to the contribution of E7 to cervical carcinogenesis. [Cancer Res 2009;69(14):5656–63]
Radiographic Prediction of Intraoperative Bone Loss in Knee Arthroplasty Revision

A key challenge for orthopaedic surgeons performing revision total knee arthroplasty is the management of bone loss. The goal of our study was to test the validity of predicting bone loss from preoperative radiographs using two commonly utilized bone loss assessments: the Anderson Orthopaedic Research Institute and University of Pennsylvania systems and secondarily to assess the frequency and severity of bone loss in a prospective study of total knee arthroplasty revisions. Ninety-eight total knee arthroplasty revision patients were assessed and bone loss was detected in 76 (77.6%) patients preoperatively and intraoperatively. The validity of both systems was established. Agreement between preoperative and intraoperative Anderson Orthopaedic Research Institute classification was fair for the femur and good for the tibia. All University of Pennsylvania preoperative measures were correlated with intraoperative measures. Establishing valid and reliable preoperative systems of measuring bone loss facilitates planning of total knee arthroplasty revision and rehabilitation and meaningful comparisons between different series of patients and treatment protocols.Level of Evidence: Diagnostic study, level I (prospective testing of previously developed diagnostic criteria on consecutive patients [with universally applied reference “gold” standard]). See Author Guidelines for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Contribution of a model of chain transmission for improved rate of LTE-Adv

The increase of rate for cellular networks to satisfy subscriber is always topicality. The rate of LTE-Adv (Long Term Evolution-Advanced) considered weak by users at intensive applications bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a model of chain transmission for improved rate of LTE-Adv. To solve this problem, we use the couple of multiplexing/demultiplexing OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signals in the radio link system LTE-Adv. The originality of this work is to increase the rate of LTE-Adv at a rate of 1.782 Gbit/s. If the results are satisfied, we could improve the rate of LTE-Adv and make the model of the chain transmission.
Sun Exposure as a Risk Factor for Nuclear Cataract

Background: Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness and visual impairment throughout the world. An association of sun exposure with cortical cataract has been well established, but the association with nuclear cataract remains unclear. Methods: This case-control study was nested within the Nambour (Australia) Trial of Skin Cancer Prevention conducted between 1992 and 1996. We compared 195 cases who had a nuclear opacity of grade 2.0 or greater with 159 controls. Structured questionnaires were used to ascertain lifetime sun exposure history, eyeglasses and sunglasses use, and potentially confounding variables such as education and smoking. Results: There was a strong positive association of occupational sun exposure between the ages of 20 and 29 years with nuclear cataract (odds ratio = 5.9; 95% confidence interval = 2.1–17.1). Exposure later in life resulted in weaker associations. Wearing sunglasses, particularly during these early years, afforded some protective effect. Conclusions: This study provides new evidence to support a link between sun exposure and nuclear cataract. Risk was highest among those with high sun exposure at younger ages.
MICROBIAL FOOD WEBS AND THE EXPORT OF BIOGENIC CARBON IN OCEANS

Microbial food webs, which comprise phototrophic picoplankton (or ultraplankton), heterotrophic bacteria and protozoa, are ubiquitous in marine waters. Members of the microbial food web may play various roles in the export of biogenic carbon. For example, it has been postulated that high bacterial activity may sometimes prevent a significant fraction of the production by large phytoplankton from reaching metazoan consumers. Phototrophic or heterotrophic small plankton cells may be readily exported (i.e. biological CO2 pump) if incorporated into large particles, through either endosymbiosis with larger cells, or development on material accumulated in hydrodynamic traps, or inclusion into marine snow, or grazing by large planktonic microphages (e.g. salps) and incorporation in their sometimes fast-sinking faecal pellets. Another aspect is the export of carbonate by members of the microbial food web (e.g. coccolithophores, foraminifera), which influences the carbon dioxide balance of the ocean (i.e. carbonate pump). Finally, carbon bound into refractory dissolved organic matter is chemically sequestered in the upper ocean, before being exported to depth. The activity of microbial food webs may therefore influence in several ways the export (and sequestration) of biogenic carbon in oceans.
Post‐translational regulation of phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase in response to inositol

Phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase (Pgs1p) catalyses the committed step in the synthesis of cardiolipin (CL). This is the only step of CL synthesis that is regulated by inositol. We have shown previously that Pgs1p enzyme activity is decreased within minutes after supplementation with inositol, but PGS1 expression is unaltered. We utilized an epitope‐tagged Pgs1p to determine if the rapid decrease in activity following inositol was because of degradation or inactivation of the protein. In this report, we show that, in response to inositol, the decrease in CL content and Pgs1p enzyme activity are associated with increased phosphorylation of Pgs1p, but not with degradation or mislocalization of the protein. This is the first evidence of phosphorylation of a phospholipid biosynthetic enzyme in response to inositol and identifies a new mechanism of inositol‐mediated regulation.
What Goes Around Comes Around

Sport and exercise psychology research appearing in Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport (RQES) over the past 75 years can be characterized by re-emerging themes—hot topics in the 1930s remain hot topics now. Re-emerging themes include sportsmanship/moral development, social development/significant others, self-perceptions, attitudes/motivation, modeling/observational learning, emotion/arousal/anxiety, competition/achievement orientations, and gender roles. Although research paradigms and methodologies have changed, these topics have endured. We also identified dominant emergent themes appearing in RQES over the last 25 years: measurement development and validation; physical activity adoption and adherence; and multidisciplinary approaches to psychological issues. Given the many specialty journals and trends toward integrating models and methods from multiple disciplines, we suggest that RQES adopt a multidisciplinary focus for research in the field of kinesiology.
Comparison of Cervical Vertebrae Rotations for PMHS and BioRID II in Rear Impacts

Objective: The objectives of this study are to propose a new instrumentation technique for measuring cervical spine kinematics, validate it, and apply the instrumentation technique to postmortem human subjects (PMHS) in rear impact sled tests so that cervical motions can be investigated. Methods: First, a new instrumentation and dissection technique is proposed in which instrumentation (3 accelerometers, 3 angular rate sensors) capable of measuring the detailed intervertebral kinematics are installed on the anterior aspects of each vertebral body with minimal muscular damage. The instrumentation was validated by conducting 10 km/h rear impact tests with 2 PMHS in a rigid rolling chair. After this validation, a total of 14 sled tests using 8 male PMHS (175 ± 6.9 cm stature and 78.4 ± 7.7 kg weight) were conducted in 2 moderate-speed rear impacts (8.5 g, 17 km/h; 10.5 g, 24 km/h). A current rear impact dummy, BioRID II, was also tested under the same condition with an angular rate sensor installed on each of the cervical vertebrae so that rotations of the cervical spine of the BioRID II could be compared to those measured from the PMHS. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) biofidelity ranking system was used for quantitative analysis of the BioRID II cervical spine biofidelity. Results: Results show that the BioRID II exhibited comparable rotations to the PMHS in the 17 km/h test, but the vertebrae in the lower cervical spine (C5–C7) of the BioRID II showed less rearward rotation than the PMHS. For the 24 km/h test, the vertebrae in the cervical spine of the BioRID II exhibited less rearward rotation than the PMHS at all levels (C2–C7). The average biofidelity score for C2 through C7 was 1.02 for the 17 km/h test, and 2.27 for the 24 km/h test. Conclusions: These results reflect the fact that the fully articulated spine of the BioRID II was designed and tuned to model low speed rear impacts. The intervertebral rotations for both the PMHS and the BioRID II were primarily relative flexion rotations even though the cervical vertebrae rotated rearward with respect to the global coordinate system. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Traffic Injury Prevention to view the supplemental file.
Mark-recapture estimates of the survival and recapture rates of Cerambyx welensii Küster (Coleoptera cerambycidae) in a cork oak dehesa in Huelva (Spain)

The oak decline is probably the most severe plant health problem faced in the Mediterranean region which is one of the habitats of community interest under the EU’s environmental legal regime. More information on the role of Cerambycids species in this decay is still needed. This paper reports the apparent survival rate (Phi) and recapture rate (P) for a population of Cerambyx welensii Küster (Coleoptera cerambycidae) in a highly degraded cork oak grove near the Doñana National Park (Huelva, Spain) as calculated using the mark-capture-recapture method. High and constants in the time values of apparent survival rates for males and females are detected. The male overall recapture rate (P) exceeded that of the female group with relatively low, but significant, values. The presence of transient individuals suggests a nucleus of population with many immigrants and emigrants in the study plot. The results are used to discuss various aspects of the insect biology, and the potential effect of the gradual deterioration of the studied ecosystem on theinsect population it supports.
Poole off-transient in muscles of different fiber type during the exercise 2 ORecovery of microvascular

[PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , July 1, 2004; 89 (4): 473-485. Exp Physiol P. McDonough, B. J. Behnke, T. I. Musch and D. C. Poole contractions in muscles of opposing fibre type Effects of chronic heart failure in rats on the recovery of microvascular PO2 after [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , March 15, 2005; 563 (3): 903-913. J. Physiol. P. McDonough, B. J Behnke, D. J Padilla, T. I Musch and D. C Poole types Control of microvascular oxygen pressures in rat muscles comprised of different fibre [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , September 1, 2005; 90 (5): 715-726. Exp Physiol L. F Ferreira, A. J Harper, D. K Townsend, B. J Lutjemeier and T. J Barstow Kinetics of estimated human muscle capillary blood flow during recovery from exercise
An efficient distributed localisation algorithm for wireless sensor networks: based on smart reference-selection method

Determining the location of nodes is a key part of wireless sensor networks WSNs. Many WSN applications require knowledge of nodes' locations to perform their functions successfully. Several localisation algorithms rely on using all or most of the available references to enhance their performance. However, to implement an efficient localisation algorithm for WSNs one should reconsider this assumption. This paper introduces an efficient localisation algorithm that is based on a novel smart reference-selection method. This method chooses only those references that would increase the overall localisation accuracy, and it also minimises the number of iterations needed to refine the accuracy of the estimated position. Simulation results confirm that, compared to existing approaches, the proposed reference selection technique and associated localisation algorithm achieves both reliable and accurate position estimate using a minimal number of references. This decreases the computational burden of gathering and analysing location data from the high number of references previously believed to be necessary.
Marginal integrity of self- and total-etching adhesives in two different application protocols.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the marginal integrity of four self-etching adhesives (Prompt L-Pop III, Resulcin Aqua Prime & MonoBond N, AC Bond, AC Bond + Desensitizer) and three total-etch adhesives (Opti-Bond FL, Excite, Gluma Comfort Bond) in two different application protocols. MATERIALS AND METHODS Standardized MOD cavities (n = 40) were prepared in 280 extracted human teeth (one cervical margin in cementum, one in enamel). In one application protocol, the adhesive was applied prior to placement of the Tofflemire matrix (n = 20); in the other, the metal matrix was placed first (n = 20). Light curing was carried out from the occlusal aspect. After thermocycling (5000 times, 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C), specimens were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 10 s. Then the median percentages of dye-penetrated margins (surface analysis) were determined separately for the cervical cementum, cervical enamel, and lateral enamel margins of the proximal boxes. RESULTS At the cervical cementum margins, statistically significantly worse results were obtained for all adhesives when the matrix system was placed prior to application of the adhesive. In the cervical enamel margins, OptiBond FL, Gluma Comfort Bond, and Prompt L-Pop III performed significantly better when the adhesive was applied prior to the matrix. On lateral enamel margins, only OptiBond FL and Resulcin Aqua Prime showed significantly less dye penetration if the matrix was placed first. CONCLUSION Most of the total-etch materials produced marginal integrity significantly superior to that of the majority of the self-etching materials. Due to a significant influence of the application protocol on marginal integrity, it is strongly recommended to apply the adhesive system before placement of the matrix.
Total daily fluoride intake and the relative contributions of foods, drinks and toothpaste by 3- to 4-year-old children in the Gaza Strip - Palestine.

BACKGROUND Children in Gaza Strip suffer from a high prevalence of dental fluorosis. AIMS To estimate and compare total daily fluoride (F) intake (TDFI) and investigate the relative contributions of different sources of F to TDFI, in 3- to 4-year-old children in Gaza Strip, exposed to low (<0.7 mg/litre), moderate (0.7-1.2 mg/litre) or high (>1.2 mg/litre) F concentrations in tap water. DESIGN A 3-day food diary and samples of tap water, drinks, foods, toothpastes and toothbrushing expectorate were collected from 216 children receiving low (n = 81), moderate (n = 72) or high (n = 63) F concentrations in tap water. F concentration of samples was analysed using an F-ion-selective electrode. TDFI from all sources was estimated. Data were analysed by anova and Tukey's test. RESULTS The mean (±SD) F concentration in low, moderate and high F tap waters was 0.21(±0.15), 0.91(±0.13) and 1.71(±0.35) mg/litre, respectively. Mean (±SD) TDFI was 0.02(±0.01), 0.04(±0.01) and 0.05(±0.03) mg/kg bw/day, respectively (P < 0.0001). Foods made the largest contribution (63.9%) to TDFI. CONCLUSION Total daily fluoride (F) intake increased as F concentration in tap water increased. Foods were the primary source of F. Programmes for monitoring fluoride expose should consider the fluoride concentration of water used for food preparation and local dietary behaviours.
Diversity and Abundance of Single-Stranded DNA Viruses in Human Feces

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated the abundance and diversity of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses in fecal samples from five healthy individuals through a combination of serial filtration and CsCl gradient ultracentrifugation. Virus abundance ranged from 108 to 109 per gram of feces, and virus-to-bacterium ratios were much lower (less than 0.1) than those observed in aquatic environments (5 to 10). Viral DNA was extracted and randomly amplified using phi29 polymerase and analyzed through high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing. Among 400,133 sequences, an average of 86.2% viromes were previously uncharacterized in public databases. Among previously known viruses, double-stranded DNA podophages (52 to 74%), siphophages (11 to 30%), myophages (1 to 4%), and ssDNA microphages (3 to 9%) were major constituents of human fecal viromes. A phylogenetic analysis of 24 large contigs of microphages based on conserved capsid protein sequences revealed five distinct newly discovered evolutionary microphage groups that were distantly related to previously known microphages. Moreover, putative capsid protein sequences of five contigs were closely related to prophage-like sequences in the genomes of three Bacteroides and three Prevotella strains, suggesting that Bacteroides and Prevotella are the sources of infecting microphages in their hosts.
What Is the Best Strategy for Asians With Involutional Entropion?

BackgroundEven though many different procedures have been proposed to involutional entropion, there is no established criterion standard in terms of the choice of the operative method. Considering the anatomical difference of the lower eyelid structure between Asians and whites, we evaluated the effectiveness of our surgical approach to involutional entropion exclusively for Japanese patients. MethodsTwenty-one patients complained of discomfort around the eye, and they also suffered from foreign body sensation, ocular pain, epiphora, and photophobia. All the patients with the involutional entropion were surgically treated with combined procedures (the lower eyelid retractors advancement, the modified Hotz method, and the modified Wheeler method). ResultsTwenty-three lower eyelids of 21 patients with involutional entropion underwent surgery. There were 10 men and 11 women with a mean age of 78 years (range, 69–94 years). All patients we operated on were completely satisfied with any residual ocular symptoms. There was no case of recurrence following the primary procedure during 16 months of the mean follow-up period. ConclusionBased on the anatomical difference in various ethnic groups, we propose the best strategy for Asian patients with the involutional entropion.