Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Current Treatments for Female Pelvic Floor Dysfunctions

As global population aging, the issue of pelvic floor dysfunctions becomes increasingly. Millions of women were affected every year. The treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction has evolved in the past decade. This review aims to provide the current information on the treatment for female pelvic floor dysfunction, including pelvic organ prolapse (POP), urinary, fecal incontinence (FI), and myofascial pelvic pain among women. We used PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to search for studies that were related to pelvic floor dysfunction regarding the POP, urinary, FI, and treatments. The development of laparoscopic surgery and synthetic and biological materials for pelvic floor reconstructive surgery were summarized. The surgical outcomes and complications of different pelvic floor reconstructive surgeries were compared. New devices for FI and the potential modified pelvic floor reconstructive surgery were also discussed here. Female pelvic medicine will continue to evolve for better treatment in the future. The pelvic floor reconstructive surgery tends to be minimally invasive approach with synthetic graft use.
Short- and long-duration exposures to cell-phone radiofrequency waves produce dichotomous effects on phototactic response and circadian characteristics of locomotor activity rhythm in zebrafish, Danio rerio

ABSTRACT We examined the effects of short- and long-duration exposure to cell phone radiation (CPR) on phototactic response (PR) and circadian characteristics of locomotor-activity rhythm, respectively, in zebrafish. We exposed four groups (10 in each) randomly selected fish to CPR emitted by a 2300 MHz 4G cell phone for 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, and 4 h duration at two different time points of a day, i.e. morning and evening, to assess the PR. We also studied the effects of 1 week CPR exposure on circadian rhythm in locomotor activity pattern in eight singly housed zebrafish. We had eight singly housed sham-exposed zebrafish as the control. Results of two-way ANOVA revealed statistically significant effects of the factors exposure time and exposure duration on the PR of zebrafish. Fish exhibited photo-positive response till 2 h following morning exposure, and thereafter, showed photo-negative response with increased duration of exposure. During evening exposure, the fish were mostly photo-negative. However, 1 week exposure to CPR did not produce any significant effects on the circadian characteristics of locomotor activity rhythm. It is concluded that the CPR might alter phototaxis, but not the parameters of circadian rhythm in locomotor activity pattern of zebrafish.
Identification and Mapping of Eastern Filbert Blight Resistance Quantitative Trait Loci in European Hazelnut Using Double Digestion Restriction Site Associated DNA Sequencing

European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is an economically important edible nut producing species, which ranked sixth in world tree nut production in 2016. European hazelnut production in the United States is primarily limited to the Willamette Valley of Oregon, and currently nonexistent in the eastern United States because of the presence of a devastating endemic disease, eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Muller. The primary commercial means of control of EFB to date is through the development and planting of genetically resistant european hazelnut cultivars, with an R-gene introduced from the obsolete, late-shedding pollinizer ‘Gasaway’. Although the ‘Gasaway’ resistance source provides protection against EFB in the Pacific northwestern United States (PNW), recent reports have shown that it is not effective in parts of the eastern United States. This may be in part because the identification and selection of ‘Gasaway’ and ‘Gasaway’-derived cultivars occurred in an environment (PNW) with limited genetic diversity of A. anomala. The objectives of the current research were to develop a genetic linkage map using double digestion restriction site associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) and identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) markers associated with EFB resistance from the resistant selection Rutgers H3R07P25 from southern Russia. A mapping population composed of 119 seedling trees was evaluated in a geographic location (New Jersey) where the EFB fungus is endemic, exhibits high disease pressure, and has a high level of genetic diversity. The completed genetic linkage map included a total of 2217 markers and spanned a total genetic distance of 1383.4 cM, with an average marker spacing of 0.65 cM. A single QTL region associated with EFB resistance from H3R07P25 was located on european hazelnut linkage group (LG) 2 and was responsible for 72.8% of the phenotypic variation observed in the study. Based on its LG placement, origin, and disease response in the field, this resistance source is different from the ‘Gasaway’ source located on LG6. The current results, in combination with results from previous research, indicate that the H3R07P25 source is likely exhibiting resistance to a broader range of naturally occurring A. anomala isolates. As such, H3R07P25 will be important for the development of new european hazelnut germplasm that combines EFB resistance from multiple sources in a gene pyramiding approach. Identification of EFB resistance in high disease pressure environments representing a diversity of A. anomala populations is likely a requirement for identifying plants expressing durable EFB resistance, which is a precursor to the development of a commercially viable european hazelnut industry in the eastern United States.
Serum circSETDB1 is a promising biomarker for predicting response to platinum-taxane-combined chemotherapy and relapse in high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Purpose Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as promising biomarkers for various human malignancies. However, the application of circRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (SOC) remains to be elucidated. Here, we aim to investigate the feasibility of using serum circSETDB1, a tumor-promoting circRNA generated from the SET domain bifurcated histone lysine methyltransferase 1 (SETDB1), known to be upregulated in SOC，as a biomarker for detecting SOC progression, predicting relapse, and evaluating the effectiveness of SOC treatment. Methods Serum circSETDB1 levels were measured using quantitative real-time RCR in 60 SOC patients (18 primary chemoresistance, 42 primary chemosensitive) and 60 healthy volunteers. Progression-free survival curve was calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Diagnostic value was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) method. Results Serum circSETDB1 expression is upregulated in SOC patients. Higher levels of circSETDB1 are positively associated with advanced clinical stage, lymph node metastasis of SOC patients. Notably, serum circSETDB1 levels are significantly increased in primary chemoresistance patients. Patients with higher levels of circSETDB1 have a shorter progression-free survival time. In addition, diagnostic value analyses revealed that serum circSETDB1 can distinguish patients with SOC from healthy volunteers as well as patients with primary chemoresistance from those with primary chemosensitivity. Conclusion Our data suggest that serum circSETDB1 may serve as a novel non-invasive biomarker for detecting SOC progression and predicting response to chemotherapy and relapse in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
BOŞANMA SÜRECİNDE VE SONRASINDA KADIN

Bosanma, evlilik kurumundan beklentilerini karsilayamayan ciftlerin yasal yollara basvurarak evlilik kurumunu sonlandirmasi durumudur. Bosanma surecinde ve sonrasinda erkeklere oranla daha cok zarar goren taraf kadinlar olmaktadir. Bu calismada on tane bosanmis kadin ile derinlemesine gorusme teknigi kullanilarak gorusulmus, bosanma kararini verirken onlari etkileyen faktorlere ve bosanma surecinde ve sonrasinda karsilastiklari sorunlara yer verilmistir. Calisma sonunda kadinlarin bosanma kararini alirken oldukca zorlandiklari ve bir cok kere dusunme ihtiyaci duyduklari, bosanma kararini almayi zorlastiran faktorlerin basinda cocuklarin gelecegi hakkinda duyulan kayginin, cevredeki insanlarin verecegi tepkilerden cekinmenin ve kadinlarin ekonomik bir guvenceye sahip olmamalarinin geldigi belirlenmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Anahtar kelime1;Bosanma, Anahtar kelime 2; bosanma sureci, Anahtar kelime 3; sosyal kontrol, Anahtar kelime 4;bosanmis kadin.
Renal Dysfunction is a Risk Factor of Death after Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Elderly Patients Aged ≥80 Years

Introduction Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer (EGC) is well accepted. However, its adaptation for elderly patients is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the prognosis and long-term outcomes of ESD for EGC in elderly patients aged ≥80 years by comparing their findings to the findings of patients aged <80 years. Materials and Methods The study included 533 patients (632 lesions). The patients were divided into an elderly group (age, ≥80 years; 108 patients; 128 lesions; mean age, 83.4 ± 2.7 years) and a nonelderly group (age, <80 years; 425 patients; 504 lesions; mean age, 69.6 ± 7.9 years). We compared patient and lesion characteristics, overall survival (OS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) between the 2 groups retrospectively. Multivariate analysis was performed to clarify the risk factors of death after ESD. Results The rate of curative resection and adverse events was not significantly different between the groups. The mean survival time periods with regard to OS/DSS in the elderly and nonelderly groups were 75.8 ± 5.9 and 122.8 ± 2.6 months (P < 0.05)/120.0 ± 3.0 and 136.4 ± 0.6 months (not significant), respectively. In the elderly group, eGFR <30 ml/min/1.73 m2 was an independent risk factor of death (hazard ratio = 5.32; 95% confidence interval = 1.39–20.5; P=0.015). Conclusion ESD for EGC can be performed safely and can achieve high curability with good prognosis in elderly patients aged ≥80 years. After ESD, close attention should be paid to elderly patients with severe chronic kidney disease.
Pattern of Referral Cases to the Obstetrics Unit of the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital for Maternal Delivery

Background: Formal education, antenatal care, and improved health services still remain the key to a large-scale reduction in maternal mortality in developing countries. Pregnancy and labour complications are most prevalent among unbooked patients compared to booked patients. Prompt and effective treatment will go a long way to reduce these complications. Objective: To determine the pattern of Obstetric referral cases to the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH) and assess time to response by the hospital. Methodology: A retrospective review of hospital records of all pregnant women referred to RSUTH for maternal delivery and care in a six months period, 1st April to 30th September 2015, was carried out. Data on patients’ age, educational level, marital status, gestational age, parity, booking status, time interval between admission and intervention, obstetric diagnoses and outcome were retrieved using structured pro-forma. Data were analyzed using United States CDC Epi Info Version 7. Results: There were 460 cases referred to the hospital, which represents 42.6% of all maternal deliveries, with a mean age of 28.7±4.6 years and median age of 27.0 years. A majority, 73.7% had secondary education, 55.4% were Primigravidae, 55.4% had term pregnancies and 77.8% were booked elsewhere. Over 60% of diagnoses comprised of difficult labour, Pre-eclampsia/ Eclampsia and prolonged pregnancy. About 75% of the cases had intervention carried out within 12 hours of arrival to hospital. Conclusion: The pattern of referral cases to our hospital are mainly young educated primigravidae at term, who have had some form of antenatal care and presenting with common complications associated with this group. The intervention response time is good, but we recommend that high risk pregnancies should ab initio be registered at centers properly equipped to handle such cases to avoid calamity.
Evaluation of food competition and resource partitioning of recruiting fish with permanent residents in a seagrass habitat

ABSTRACT Recruiting King George whiting Sillaginodes punctatus were studied to assess the potential for food competition with permanent resident fish species in a nursery habitat. Marine migrant post larval S. punctatus (<60 mm TL) consumed primarily harpacticoid copepods and had high (>0.6) diet overlap with permanent resident fish species Favonigobius leteralis and Stigmatopora nigra. Food electivity index indicated that S. punctatus juveniles preferred harpacticoid copepods and amphipods, while juvenile Heteroclinus adelaide and Gymnapistes marmoratus migrating to the nursery habitat targeted larger prey such as amphipods. Preference for larger prey by H. adelaide and G. marmoratus species coupled with differences in prey composition in the stomach was due to mouth size and feeding habits, resulting in different food preferences to S. punctatus. The whiting showed an ontogenetic shift in diet with early settlers (>60 mm TL) consuming less copepods and more amphipods, while previous year recruits (>120 mm TL) consumed polychaete worms. This study indicates that competition for food resources between the new recruiting S. punctatus juveniles and permanent resident juveniles is reduced through differences in temporal and spatial feeding behaviours, mouth morphology, and ontogenetic shift in prey consumption.
Conservation priorities and distribution patterns of vascular plant species along environmental gradients in Aberdare ranges forest

Abstract Distribution patterns of biodiversity and the factors influencing them are important in conservation and management strategies of natural resources. With impending threats from increased human population and global climatic changes, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of these patterns, more so in species-rich tropical montane ecosystems where little is known about plant diversity and distribution. Vascular species richness along elevation and climatic gradients of Aberdare ranges forest were explored. A total of 1337 species in 137 families, 606 genera, 82 subspecies and 80 varieties were recorded. Correlations, simple linear regression and Partial least square regression analysis were used to assess richness and diversity patterns of total plants, herbs, shrubs, climbers, arboreal and endemic species from 2000–4000 m above sea level. Total plant species richness showed a monotonic declining relationship with elevation with richness maxima at 2000–2100 m a.s. l. , while endemic species richness had a positive unimodal increase along elevation with peaks at 3600–3700 m a.s. l. Herbs, shrubs, climbers and arboreal had significant negative relationships with altitude, excluding endemism which showed positive relations. In contrast, both air and soil temperatures had positive relationships with taxa richness groups and negative relations with endemic species. Elevation was found to have higher relative influence on plant richness and distribution in Aberdare ranges forest. For effective conservation and management of biodiversity in Aberdare, localized dynamic conservation interventions are recommended in contrast to broad and static strategies. Establishment of conservation zones and migration corridors are necessary to safeguard biodiversity in line with envisaged global climatic vicissitudes.
Protocirrineris (Polychaeta:Cirratulidae) in South Africa and description of two new species

Introduction: The knowledge of polychaetes in the subtropical region of Africa benefited from the activity of J. Day. However, 50 years after the publication of his Monograph of the Polychaeta of southern Africa, it is necessary to reconsider the identity of the Cirratulidae due to changes in the diagnostic characters and new approaches to the taxonomy of the group to corroborate the status of cosmopolitan species in this region. Objective: We hypothesize that biodiversity of multitentacular Cirratulidae polychaetes has been significantly underestimated in southern Africa. Methods: The present work analyzes material deposited in the Iziko museum, as well as recently collected specimens, using scanning electron microscope to identify them. Results: The material corresponds to two new species belonging to the genus Protocirrineris. Protocirrineris strandloperarum sp. nov. is characterized by having the tentacular filaments between the chaetigers 5 to 10-12 and the first pair of branchiae from chaetiger 7, and P. magalhaesi sp. nov. is characterized by having tentacular filaments between chaetigers 4-8 and the first pair of branchiae from chaetigers 2 or 3. Descriptions of these species, with light and scanning electron microscope images, are given. Schematic drawings of the two new species are shown comparatively with diagnostic characters. Conclusions: The use of new techniques enables discovery of new taxonomic characters and two new species of the genus. The diversity of Cirratulidae polychaetes is underestimated also in the subtropical and tropical regions of Africa.
In vitro protocol optimization for development of interspecific hybrids of oil palm ( Elaeis oleifera (H.B.K) Cortés x Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is the major source of plant oil in the world. Nevertheless, is susceptible to the fatal yellowing disease, which is affecting the oil palm production in Para state, Brazil. To overcome this problem, interspecific hybrids of Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis is a viable alternative. Some protocols for in vitro embryo rescue were already established, but it is necessary to optimize it. The aim of this paper was to optimize the in vitro protocol for culture of embryos from interspecific hybrids of oil palm (E. oleifera x E. guineensis). Disinfection embryos were carried out with 1 and 2% NaOCl for 20 or 40 minutes. Embryos were germinated in vitro on the presence of 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.25% activated charcoal and Embryos were cultured in vitro on the presence of 2.4Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D) at 375, 500 and 625 µM for callus induction. Activated charcoal (0.25%) is necessary to reduce oxidation in the embryos. Seed disinfection can be suitable reached with 1% NaOCl for 20 minutes. Different varieties have different ideal levels of 2.4-D for callus induction. The best level of 2.4-D for callus induction is 375 and 625 µM for the varieties SJ-167 and SJ-165, respectively.
Cognitive functioning and lifetime major depressive disorder in UK Biobank

Abstract Background. Cognitive impairment associated with lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD) is well-supported by meta-analytic studies, but population-based estimates remain scarce. Previous UK Biobank studies have only shown limited evidence of cognitive differences related to probable MDD. Using updated cognitive and clinical assessments in UK Biobank, this study investigated population-level differences in cognitive functioning associated with lifetime MDD. Methods. Associations between lifetime MDD and cognition (performance on six tasks and general cognitive functioning [g-factor]) were investigated in UK Biobank (N-range 7,457–14,836, age 45–81 years, 52% female), adjusting for demographics, education, and lifestyle. Lifetime MDD classifications were based on the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Within the lifetime MDD group, we additionally investigated relationships between cognition and (a) recurrence, (b) current symptoms, (c) severity of psychosocial impairment (while symptomatic), and (d) concurrent psychotropic medication use. Results. Lifetime MDD was robustly associated with a lower g-factor (β = −0.10, PFDR = 4.7 × 10−5), with impairments in attention, processing speed, and executive functioning (β ≥ 0.06). Clinical characteristics revealed differential profiles of cognitive impairment among case individuals; those who reported severe psychosocial impairment and use of psychotropic medication performed worse on cognitive tests. Severe psychosocial impairment and reasoning showed the strongest association (β = −0.18, PFDR = 7.5 × 10−5). Conclusions. Findings describe small but robust associations between lifetime MDD and lower cognitive performance within a population-based sample. Overall effects were of modest effect size, suggesting limited clinical relevance. However, deficits within specific cognitive domains were more pronounced in relation to clinical characteristics, particularly severe psychosocial impairment.
Measuring competitive impact: Joint‐species modelling of invaded plant communities

Non‐native species can dominate plant communities by competitively displacing native species, or because environmental change creates conditions favourable to non‐native species but unfavourable to native species. We need to disentangle these mechanisms so that management can target competitively dominant species and reduce their impacts. Joint‐species distribution models (JSDMs) can potentially quantify competitive impacts by simultaneously modelling how species respond to environmental variation and to changes in community composition. We describe a JSDM to model variation in plant cover and show how this can be applied to compositional data to detect dominant competitors that cause other species to decline in abundance. We applied the model to an experiment in an invaded grassy‐woodland community in Australia where we manipulated biomass removal (through slashing and fencing to prevent grazing by kangaroos) along a fertility gradient. Non‐native species dominated plant cover at high fertility sites in the absence of biomass removal. Results from the JSDM identified three of the 72 non‐native plant species (Bromus diandrus, Acetosella vulgaris and especially Avena fatua) as having a strong competitive impact on the community, driving changes in composition and reducing the cover of both native and non‐native species, particularly in the absence of grazing. The dominant non‐native grasses Bromus diandrus and Avena fatua were among the tallest species in the community and had the greatest impact on shorter‐statured species, most likely through competition for light under conditions of high fertility and low grazing. Synthesis. We demonstrate a method to measure competitive impact using a joint‐species distribution model, which allowed us to identify the species driving compositional change through competitive displacement, and where on the landscape competitive impacts were greatest. This information is central to managing plant invasions: by targeting dominant non‐native species with large competitive impacts, management can reduce impacts where they are greatest. We provide details of the modelling procedure and reproducible code to encourage further application.