Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The seminal fluid proteome of the honeybee Apis mellifera

Ejaculates contain sperm but also seminal fluid, which is increasingly recognized to be of central importance for reproductive success. However, a detailed biochemical composition and physiological understanding of seminal fluid is still elusive. We have used MS to identify the 57 most abundant proteins within the ejaculated seminal fluid of the honeybee Apis mellifera. Their amino acid sequences revealed the presence of diverse functional categories of enzymes, regulators and structural proteins. A number have known or predicted roles in maintaining sperm viability, protecting sperm from microbial infections or interacting with the physiology of the female. A range of putative glycoproteins or glycosylation enzymes were detected among the 57, subsequent fluorescent staining of glycolysation revealed several prominant glycoproteins in seminal fluid, while no glycoproteins were detected in sperm samples. Many of the abundant proteins that accumulate in the seminal fluid did not contain predictable tags for secretion for the cell. Comparison of the honeybee seminal fluid proteins with Drosophila seminal fluid proteins (including secreted accessory gland proteins known as ACPs), and with the human seminal fluid proteome revealed the bee protein set contains a range of newly identified seminal fluid proteins and we noted more similarity of the bee protein set with the current human seminal fluid protein set than with the known Drosophila seminal fluid proteins. The honeybee seminal fluid proteome thus represents an important addition to available data for comparative studies of seminal fluid proteomes in insects.
Efficient systolic modular multiplier/squarer for fast exponentiation over GF(2m)

Using the concept of common components, this letter shows that field multiplication and squaring over GF(2m) can be efficiently combined, with little hardware overhead. The analysis results show that about 39.23% area-time (AT) complexity is improved when we employ the combined systolic multiplier/squarer instead of implementing the multiplier and the squarer separately in the least significant bit (LSB)-first exponentiation. The proposed architecture features regularity, unidirectional data flow, and local interconnection, and thus is well suited to VLSI implementation.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES HUMAN CAPITAL AND INDUSTRIALIZATION: EVIDENCE FROM THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT

While human capital is a strong predictor of economic development today, its importance for the Industrial Revolution has typically been assessed as minor. To resolve this puzzling contrast, we differentiate average human capital (literacy) from upper-tail knowledge. As a proxy for the historical presence of knowledge elites, we use city-level subscriptions to the famous Encyclopédie in mid-18th century France. We show that subscriber density is a strong predictor of city growth after the onset of French industrialization. Alternative measures of development such as soldier height, disposable income, and industrial activity confirm this pattern. Initial literacy levels, on the other hand, are associated with development in the cross-section, but they do not predict growth. Finally, by joining data on British patents with a large French firm survey from the 1840s, we shed light on the mechanism: upper-tail knowledge raised productivity in innovative industrial technology. Mara P. Squicciarini KULeuven Department of Economics Waaistraat 6, bus 3511 Leuven, 3000 Belgium mara.squicciarini@kuleuven.be Nico Voigtländer UCLA Anderson School of Management 110 Westwood Plaza C513 Entrepreneurs Hall Los Angeles, CA 90095 and NBER nico.v@anderson.ucla. edu A data appendix is available at: http://www.nber. org/data-appendix/w20219 The genre of modern industrial production requires extended knowledge of mechanics, notion of calculus, great dexterity at work, and enlightenment in the underlying principles of the crafts. This combination of expertise . has only been achieved in this [18th century] period, where the study of science has spread widely, accompanied by an intimate relationship between savants and artisans. (Chaptal, 1819, p.32)
Empathy Development Through Case Study and Simulation

Because empathy is integral to the nurse-patient relationship, nurse educators are challenged to explore teaching strategies that may aid in the development of empathy among students. The purpose of this study was to determine whether consistent exposure to a single patient through case study and simulation had an impact on empathy levels in senior-level baccalaureate nursing students. Results provide interesting conclusions for faculty members and offer a basis for ongoing discussion.
River navigation in Medieval England

Abstract The extent of river navigation in Medieval England and its importance to urban development became a matter of dispute in this journal during the early 1990s. The dispute began with the publication of an article by Jim Edwards and Paul Hindle that suggested that England's Medieval rivers were navigable much further upstream than previously believed. Although their controversial thesis was attacked by John Langdon, the issue was not resolved. This paper reevaluates Edwards and Hindle's case by taking up their challenge to examine the evidence on which their article was based. It is shown that although the approach they took was useful and valid, fundamental errors were made in their analysis and interpretation of the data. A major problem with their work is that the Middle Ages are implicitly treated as a homogeneous period. When the data for navigation is placed in a tighter chronological framework it becomes apparent that there was a decline in the extent of England's navigable river network during the later Middle Ages. This decline appears to be related to an increase in obstructions to river traffic, which may in part be associated with a fall in late Medieval urban demand for bulk produce like grain and fuel.
Bovine tuberculosis in an Eurasian otter

We wish to report the first confirmed case of Mycobacterium bovis infection in an adult male Eurasian otter ( Lutra lutra ). Tuberculous lesions have been previously reported in otters ([Delahay and others 2002][1]). However, in these cases mycobacterial infection was not confirmed by
The natural history of the non-nephrotic membranous nephropathy patient.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although early studies suggest that patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (MGN) and subnephrotic range proteinuria overall do well, these studies were small and follow-up was short or difficult to discern. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Three hundred ninety-five cases of idiopathic MGN with at least 12 mo of follow-up from the Toronto Glomerulonephritis Registry were reviewed to determine the outcome of the subgroup of patients that presented with subnephrotic range proteinuria. Onset and follow-up data included mean arterial pressure (MAP) and creatinine clearance (CrCl) as determined by the Cockcroft-Gault equation. Outcome variables included the rate of progression (slope of CrCl), 50% reduction in initial CrCl, and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). RESULTS One hundred eight (27% of the total) patients presented with subnephrotic proteinuria and almost 40% (42 of 108) of this subgroup remained subnephrotic. Their long-term slope was -0.93 ml/min/yr. In contrast, those who subsequently developed nephrotic range proteinuria had a progression rate almost four times faster (-3.52 ml/min/yr). The majority who developed nephrotic syndrome did so within the first year of follow-up. The only distinguishing baseline feature between the two groups was a higher level of urine protein in the group that subsequently developed nephrotic syndrome (1.98 [0.3 to 3.4] versus 2.43 [0.5 to 3.4] g/d). CONCLUSIONS Patients with MGN and sustained subnephrotic range proteinuria have an excellent prognosis. Conservative management with close monitoring is recommended given the difficulty predicting which patients will develop nephrotic range proteinuria and then progress more rapidly.
Eating behaviors and negative affect in college women's everyday lives.

OBJECTIVE A growing body of research seeks to understand the relationship between mood and eating behaviors. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) methods provide a method for assessing these processes in natural settings. We used EMA to examine the relationship between mood and eating behaviors in everyday life among women with subclinical disordered eating behaviors. METHOD Participants (N = 127, age M = 19.6 years, BMI M = 25.5) completed five daily EMA reports on palmtop computers for 1 week. Assessments included measures of negative affect (NA) and eating-related behavior during eating (eating large amounts of food, loss of control over eating, and restricting food intake) and noneating episodes (skip eating to control weight/shape). Time-lagged multilevel models tested mood-eating behavior relationships. RESULTS Higher NA did not precede any unhealthy eating and weight control behaviors. However, NA was higher when women reported eating large quantities of food, losing control over eating, and restricting food intake during their most recent eating episode, but not after skipping eating to control weight/shape. DISCUSSION These findings elucidate the processes in daily life that may influence the development and maintenance of unhealthy eating and weight control behaviors that, in turn, can inform interventions.
Greater allergenicity of topical ketoprofen in contact dermatitis confirmed by use

The use of topical non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is very popular in spite of their doubtful efficacy and high number of generally not serious, but preventable, adverse effects, especially photoallergy. The allergenic potential of different topical NSAIDs was determined by performing a retrospective observational study of the period 1996–2001 and comparing the cases of allergy and photoallergy with the use of each topical NSAID. The diagnoses were obtained from a review of the clinical records of patch/photopatch testing carried out in the dermatology departments of 2 public hospitals in Bizkaia (Spain). The use of the different topical NSAIDs was obtained from invoices sent to the National Health System and the Reporting odds ratio (ROR) and Proportional reporting ratio (PRR) disproportionality estimates of the FEDRA database of the Spanish Pharmacovigilance System. A total of 139 contact reactions to topical NSAIDs were found with ketoprofen being responsible for 28% of the allergies and 82% of the contact photoallergies in spite of not being the most used topical NSAID (third in the ranking, diclofenac was the first). The ROR for ketoprofen was 3.9 (2.4–6.4) and the PRR 3.4 (2.1–5.5), thus confirming the possibility of a warning signal. The results support the need for regulatory action on topical ketoprofen.
Prevention: from molecular mechanisms to novel risk factors and patient management.

Download the Issue @ a Glance podcast Subscribe to the EHJ Podcast ! [Graphic][1] Prevention relies on knowledge about the mechanisms of disease—only what has been understood can be prevented. Although the classical risk factors such as high blood pressure,1 cholesterol,2 and diabetes3 are well known and treatable as recommended by the respective guidelines, novel risk factors may expand our possibilities to avoid rather than treat disease. For instance, in coronary artery disease, not only lipids matter, but inflammation is about to become a major therapeutic target.4 Inflammation involves cellular and humoral factors.5,6 Thus, knowledge of macrophages in diseased tissue is rapidly expanding,7 propelled by improved diagnostic capacity to detect and monitor cells in their native environments. Matthias Nahrendorf from Harvard Medical School in Charlestown, Massachusetts enlightens our readers with his timely review ‘ Innate immune cells in ischaemic heart disease: does myocardial infarction beget myocardial infarction? ’8 He discusses implications for ischaemic heart disease and examines pathways that increase systemic leucocyte supply after myocardial infarction. Indeed, acute myocardial infarction alters the macrophage phenotype and the supply chain from tissue-resident to blood monocytes sourced from haematopoietic organs. That leucocytosis is associated with cardiovascular mortality provides a strong motivation to understand why and how organ ischaemia alters cellular immunity and, in turn, the clinical course of such patients. This issue is further discussed in a clinical review ‘ Role of T cells in myocardial infarction ’ by Stefan Frantz from the University in Halle, Germany.9 Innate immunity has been studied for several decades in the context of atherothrombosis, ischaemia–reperfusion injury, … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif
BREEDING SYSTEM POLYMORPHISM IN A HETEROSTYLOUS SPECIES

Heterostylous breeding systems have been the subject of continued interest since the work of Hildebrand (1866, 1871, 1887) and Darwin (1865, 1877) revealed the association of floral heteromorphism with an incompatibility system enforcing outcrossing. However, little is known of the selective factors that favor the development of heterostyly, or the selective forces which act to cause modifications of heteromorphic breeding systems. The evolutionary relationship of distyly and tristyly where they occur together in the same family has remained unclear. In Oxalis section Corniculatae, where both reproductive systems occur together, the derivation of distyly from tristyly has been suggested (Ornduff, 1972). The occurrence of distylous and tristylous populations of Oxalis alpina (section Ioenoxalis), a species of the southwestern United States, Mexico and Guatemala, suggested that studies of this species could provide further information on the evolutionary relationship of distyly and tristyly, and indicate how changes in heterostylous breeding systems have occurred. In trimorphic populations of Oxalis alpina the stigmas of one floral form occupy the lowest position in the flower, and the two sets of anthers occupy the middle and upper positions (Fig. 1). In a second floral
Microbacterium arthrosphaerae sp. nov., isolated from the faeces of the pill millipede Arthrosphaera magna Attems.

A Gram-reaction-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain CC-VM-Y(T), was isolated from the faeces of the pill millipede Arthrosphaera magna Attems from India and was subsequently studied to determine its taxonomic position. Based on16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, the isolate clearly grouped with members of the genus Microbacterium. On the basis of pairwise comparisons of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain CC-VM-Y(T) was most closely related to Microbacterium insulae DS-66(T) (98 %), Microbacterium hydrocarbonoxydans DSM 160809(T) (97.8 %) and Microbacterium hominis NBRC 15708(T) (97.9 %). The peptidoglycan contained the amino acids ornithine (Orn), alanine (Ala), glycine (Gly), homoserine (Hsr) and glutamic acid (Glu) in an approximate molar ratio of 1.0 : 0.8 : 2.2 : 0.8 : 0.3. In addition, substantial amounts of threo-3-hydroxy glutamic acid (Hyg) were detected, which is characteristic of peptidoglycan type B2β. The acyl type of the peptidoglycan was glycolyl. The menaquinones of strain CC-VM-Y(T) were MK-13 (72 %), MK-12 (25 %) and MK-11 (3 %). The polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, one unknown phospholipid and one unknown glycolipid. The fatty acid profile comprised anteiso-C(15 : 0), iso-C(16 : 0) and anteiso-C(17 : 0) as the major fatty acids, which was congruent with fatty acid profiles of other members of the genus Microbacterium. The results of physiological and biochemical tests as well as DNA-DNA hybridizations with the most closely related species, M. insulae, M. hydrocarbonoxydans and M. hominis, revealed clear phenotypic and genotypic differences between strain CC-VM-Y(T) and other members of the genus Microbacterium. Based on these results, strain CC-VM-Y(T) ( = DSM 22421(T) = CCM 7681(T)) represents a new species of the genus Microbacterium, for which the name Microbacterium arthrosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed.
Development of an Eco-Friendly, Cost-Effective Biogrout for Concrete Crack Repair

Cement-based materials have often been used for infrastructure construction and repair. The production of conventional Portland cement is energy-consuming and environmentally unfriendly. For example, production of one ton of Portland cement generates approximately one ton of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from calcining limestone and fuel use. It is estimated that cement production contributes 7% of total global CO 2 emissions.
Strong effects of heterosis on the evolution of dispersal rates

When dispersal is limited, crosses between different regions may generate progeny of higher fitness than crosses within regions, due to the fact that individuals from the same region are more likely to share the same recessive deleterious alleles. This phenomenon (termed heterosis) generates a selective force favouring dispersal; however, the importance of heterosis on dispersal evolution has been a subject for debate. In this paper, we use computer simulations representing deleterious mutations occurring over a whole genome (of arbitrary map length R) to explore the magnitude of heterosis, and its effect on the evolution of dispersal. These results show that heterosis may have important effects on dispersal when it is in the upper range of values observed in natural populations, which occurs in our simulations when the genomic deleterious mutation rate U is also in the upper range of observed values. Comparing the results with extrapolations from an analytical two‐locus model indicates that the effect of heterosis is mainly driven by pairwise associations between the locus affecting dispersal and selected loci when U is not too high (roughly, U < 0.5), whereas higher order associations become important for higher values of U.
The use of support groups to raise self-esteem for women clients.

Abstract A counseling intervention that used a structured support group for women clients was examined as a pilot study. Participants were 33 graduate and undergraduate students who responded to an advertisement for a group about “women and change” or who were referred by campus mental health professionals. As predicted, women who participated in the six two-hour sessions, which incorporated skills-learning, counseling, and peer support, increased their self-esteem significantly more than did the women in a wait-list control group. The approach provides data on a possible alternative to traditional, sometimes problematic, counseling for women.
Experiences of women with spontaneous abortion: A systematic review

Abortion have different types of stressors, and this stressors lead to anxiety and grief. This study aims to explore experiences of women with spontaneous abortion in terms of physical, social, psychological, financial, and any other aspect expressed by the women. Methods: A PubMed, SCOPUS and Google scholar (2002-2016) literature review was undertaken to define sources of financial, social, psychological, physical trauma and any other aspect expressed by the women. Results: We identified 23 relevant articles. The women experiences grief, lack of emotional support from caregivers and health team members, financial burden, physical and psychological trauma. Conclusions: This article highlights the prevalence of stress and anxiety due to loss of perinatal loss. Therefore this article also stated that explores the feeling of women related to perinatal loss.
Quasispecies in wild-type tula hantavirus populations

Tula virus (TUL) is a recently detected hantavirus carried by European common voles. Reverse transcriptase PCR cloning was used to study TUL S segment/N protein quasispecies. Both the distribution and character of mutations observed in three mutant spectra indicated limited selection at the protein level. At least 8% of the mutations were neutral or well tolerated; fixation of such mutations may play a role in TUL evolution in its natural host.
Pharmacological management of agitation in emergency settings

Objective: To review, firstly, published studies comparing classic antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, and/or combination of both; and secondly, available data on the use of atypical antipsychotic medications in controlling agitation and aggressive behaviour seen in psychiatric patients in emergency. Method: In the first review, studies comparing antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, and combination of both; and in the second review, efficacy trials of atypical antipsychotics that include an active and/or inactive comparator for the treatment of acute agitation were identified and reviewed. Data from clinical trials meeting the inclusion criteria were summarised by recording improvement rates, definition of improvement, and timing of defined improvement for individual studies. Results: In the first review, 11 trials were identified meeting the inclusion criteria, eight with a blind design. The total number of subjects was 701. These studies taken together suggest that combination treatment may be superior to the either agent alone with higher improvement rates and lower incidence of extrapyramidal side effects. In the review of atypical antipsychotic agents as acute antiagitation compounds, five studies were identified, three with a blind design. The total number of subjects was 711, of which 15% (104) was assigned to the placebo arm. This review found atypical antipsychotics to be as effective as the classic ones and more advantageous in many aspects. Conclusion: Atypical antipsychotics such as risperidone, ziprasidone, and olanzapine with or without benzodiazepines should be considered first in the treatment of acute agitation. If these agents are not available the combination of a classic antipsychotic and a benzodiazepine would be a reasonable alternative. An oral treatment should always be offered first for building up an alliance with the patient and suggesting an internal rather than external locus of control.
Social Network Games

This article presents the results of an interview study on how people perceive and play social network games on Facebook. During recent years, social games have become the biggest genre of games if measured by the number of registered users. These games are designed to cater for large audiences in their design principles and values, a free-to-play revenue model and social network integration that make them easily approachable and playable with friends. Although these games have made the headlines and have been seen to revolutionize the game industry, we still lack an understanding of how people perceive and play them. For this article, we interviewed 18 Finnish Facebook users from a larger questionnaire respondent pool of 134 people. This study focuses on a user-centric approach, highlighting the emergent experiences and the meaning-making of social games players. Our findings reveal that social games are usually regarded as single player games with a social twist, and as suffering partly from their design characteristics, while still providing a wide spectrum of playful experiences for different needs. The free-to-play revenue model provides an easy access to social games, but people disagreed with paying for additional content for several reasons.