Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Solving Difficult CSPs with Relational Neighborhood Consistency

Freuder and Elfe (1996) introduced Neighborhood Inverse Consistency (NIC) as a strong local consistency property for binary CSPs. While enforcing NIC can significantly filter the variables domains, the proposed algorithm is too costly to be used on dense graphs or for lookahead during search. In this paper, we introduce and characterize Relational Neighborhood Inverse Consistency (RNIC) as a local consistency property that operates on the dual graph of a non-binary CSP. We de- scribe and characterize a practical algorithm for enforcing it. We argue that defining RNIC on the dual graph unveils unsuspected opportunities to reduce the computational cost of our algorithm and increase its filtering effectiveness. We show how to achieve those effects by modifying the topology of the dual graph, yielding new variations the RNIC property. We also introduce an adaptive strategy to automatically select the appro- priate property to enforce given the connectivity of the dual graph. We integrate the resulting techniques as full lookahead strategies in a backtrack search procedure for solving CSPs, and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach for solving known difficult benchmark problems.
THE LONG-RUN PERFORMANCE OF CROSS-BORDER MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS: EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT THE INTERNALIZATION THEORY

Our study contributes to improving the understanding of cross-border M&As in two domains: evaluation of the long-term financial performance of acquiring firms in cross-border M&As and detection of the determinants of their long-term success. Our results show no sustained gains or losses during the post-acquistion period for Canadian acquirers. In contrast to their performance in domestic M&As, Canadian firms carrying out crossborder M&As do generate enough value to keep up with stockmarket requirements, relative to their risk level as determined by the Fama & French three-factor model and the level of returns generated by peer firms in their main industrial sector. Our findings agree with the internalization theory and suggest that acquiring firms engaged in cross-border M&As can indeed realize efficiency gains and create long -term value for their shareholders, but only under certain conditions: namely, when they possess high levels of R&D and a strong combination of R&D
ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS OF DOWNSCALED HOMOGENOUS ROCKS FOR NETWORK MODEL VALIDATION

Knowledge of electrical resistivity for reservoir rocks is crucial for a number of reservoir engineering tasks such as the determination of oil-in-place and the calibration of resistivity logs. Those properties can now be predicted by numerical calculations directly on micro-CT images taken from rock fragments typically having a bulk volume of 100mm. The experimental data used to validate those predictions are obtained on conventional cores having bulk volumes of the order of 10,000mm. A better validation of micro-CT technique would be to use the same core size for both imaging and flow experiment. Experimental data for electrical resistivity measurements using micropore membrane and centrifuge desaturation techniques are presented for cores having bulk volumes from 10,000mm down to 100mm. Both 2 and 4 electrode techniques were applied to measure the resistivity index. Simple fluids like brine and air were used for clear wettability. Homogeneous sandstone cores (Berea and Bentheim) and a carbonate core (Mount Gambier) were used in the experiments. The results demonstrate that reliable experimental data of resistivity index can be obtained for the small cores of homogeneous porous rocks at sensitized frequency. Such data are of immense interest for validating the predictive value of network models based on micro-CT imaging of rock fragments with bulk volumes as small as 100 mm3.
Modelling of individual lactation curves of Tunisian Holstein-Friesian cows for milk yield, fat, and protein contents using parametric, orthogonal and spline models

ABSTRACT. Different equations were employed to directly model individual lactation curves of Tunisian Holstein-Friesian cows using 260 241 test day re-cords for milk yield, fat, and protein contents. Eleven mathematical models were compared. Parametric curves (Legendre polynomials, Ali and Schaeffer (AS), Wood, and Wilmink models) and regression splines were tested. Good-ness of fit was assessed by considering the adjusted R -square ranked ac-cording to five classes, statistical criteria, and residuals analysis. Regression splines (quadratic and cubic spline models with three knots) showed better fitting performances and greater flexibility for all milk traits. The sixth-order Leg-endre orthogonal polynomial model and the Ali and Schaeffer model also gave the best fit for milk traits compared with the three-parameter models (Wood and Wilmink) and with the lower-order polynomial models, but the AS model was less correlated for fat content ( R = 0.87), gave a moderate correlation ( R = 0.90) for protein content, and had less similarity between the observed and estimated lactation curves. The performance of Legendre orthogonal poly-nomials and quadratic splines was strongly affected by the models’ order and the number of knots.
Anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects of a functional formula containing Prumus mume in mice fed high-fat diet

The present study is designed to investigate the effect of an anti-obesity functional formula (PMC) composed of Prumus mume stem barks extract (PMSBE) and L-carnitine (2:1, w/w) on obesity and hyperlipidemia induced by high-fat diet in mice. Male ICR mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without PMC (PMC-1 group: 450 mg/kg/day; PMC-2 group: 900 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks to examine adipose tissue weight, serum lipid profile, and the pathological changes in liver tissue. The results showed that body weight gain was significantly lowered in PMC groups compared with the HFD group. PMC could improve lipid profile by lowering serum total cholesterol (Total-C), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations, and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration as compared with the HFD group. PMC also improved the pathological changes in liver tissue, decreased the relative weights of epididymal and perirenal WAT. Our findings suggest that PMC has significantly anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects.
On Ambiguities in SAR Design

Ambiguities are an aliasing effect caused by the periodic sampling of the scene backscatter inherent to pulsed radar systems such as Synthetic Aperture radar (SAR). In this paper we take a fresh look at the relationship between SAR range and azimuth ambiguity constraints on the allowable pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and the antenna length. We show that for high squint angles smaller antennas may be feasible in some cases. For some applications, the ability to form a synthetic aperture at high squint angles is desirable, but the size of the antenna causes problems in the design of systems capable of such operation. This is because the SAR system design is optimized for a side-looking geometry. In two examples design examples we take a suboptimum antenna size and examine the performance in terms of azimuth resolution and swath width as a function of squint angle. We show that for stripmap SARs, the swath width is usually worse for off-boresight squint angles, because it is severely limited by range walk, except in cases where we relax the spatial resolution. We consider the implications for the design of modest-resolution, narrow swath, scanning SAR scatterometers .
Various medicinal plants such as Allium sativa , Eugenia jambolana , Panax ginseng , Gymnema sylvestre , Momrodica charantia

the Egyptian Society for Biological Sciences ,Department of Entomology ,Faculty of Sciences Ain Shams University . ology & molecular biology journal is one of the series issued twice by the Egyptian Physi Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, and is devoted to publication of original papers that siological elucidate important biological, chemical, or physical mechanisms of broad phy significance.
Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) observations of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the heliosphere

[1] The Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) on the Coriolis spacecraft has been obtaining white light images of nearly the full sky every 102 minutes for three years. We present statistical results of analysis of the SMEI observations of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) traveling through the inner heliosphere; 139 CMEs were observed during the first 1.5 years of operations. At least 30 of these CMEs were observed by SMEI to propagate out to 1 AU and beyond and were associated with major geomagnetic storms at Earth. Most of these were observed as frontside halo events by the SOHO LASCO coronagraphs.
Determinants of Profitability- A Case from the State-owned Commercial Banks of Bangladesh

This study is an attempt to investigate the impact of bank-specific and economy-specific determinants on the performance of selected State-owned Commercial Banks (SCB) operating in Bangladesh in terms of their profitability. This study considers three prominent SCBs, six bank specific determinants, two economy-specific determinants collected as secondary data from 2007-2014. Different financial ratios and statistical tools (descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation & regression analysis) have been utilized for verifying the hypotheses. The results showed that SCBs’ profitability (Return on Assets) has positive relationships with capital adequacy ratio(CAR), cost of fund ratio (COF), cost to income ratio (CIR), GDP growth ratio (GDPR) and negative relationship with classified loans to total loans ratio(CLTL), bank’s size (SIZ) and inflation (INFL). Among them, CAR and GDPR are the significant determinants of their profitability over the study period. Keywords : Profitability, State-owned commercial Banks, Internal & External determinants.
Nutrition and Chronic Disease Looking at the Big Picture

Objectives At the completion of this chapter you should be able to: • Describe the size of the disease burden in developing countries that is caused by chronic diseases of lifestyle • Discuss the role of diet, and of other lifestyle factors, in cancer, ischaemic heart disease, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, with respect to both in causation and prevention • Describe appropriate methods for the treatment of overweight and obesity • Discuss the design of programmes for the prevention of ischaemic heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity • State the major causes of death and disease in developing countries • Discuss the most appropriate dietary advice for maintaining health
Numerical simulation of compressible cavitating two-phase flows with a pressure-based solver

This work intends to study the effect of compressibility on throttle flow simulations with a pressure–based solver.The simple micro throttle geometry allows easier access for obtaining experimental data compared to a real injector, but still maintaining the main flow features. For this reasons it represents a meaningful and well reported benchmark for validation of numerical methods developed for cavitating injector flows.An implicit pressure–based compressible solver is used on the filtered Navier–Stokes equations. Thus, no stability limitation is applied on the time step. A common pressure field is computed for all phases, but different velocity fields are solved for each phase, following the multi–fluid approach. The liquid evaporation rate is evaluated with a Rayleigh–Plesset equation based cavitation model and the Coherent Structure Model is adopted as closure for the sub–grid scales in the momentum equation.The aim of this study is to show the capabilities of the pressure–based solver to deal with both vapor and liquid phases considered compressible. A comparison between experimental results and compressible simulations is presented. Time–averaged vapor distribution and velocity profiles are reported and discussed. The distribution of pressure maxima on the surface and the results from a semi–empirical erosion model are in good agreement with the erosion locations observed in the experiments. This test case aims to represent a benchmark for furtherapplication of the methodology to industrial relevant cases.
THE EFFECT OF PACLITAXEL ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH CYCLOHEXIMIDE ON THE FREQUENCY OF PREMATURE CENTROMERE DIVISION IN VITRO

Premature centromere division (PCD) can be viewed as a manifestation of chromosome instability. In order to evaluate the ability of Paclitaxel (Ptx) and Cycloheximide (Cy) to induce PCD we used a cytokinesis block micronucleus assay (CBMN), fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and the chromosome aberration (CA) assay in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Results showed that Ptx can induce PCD alone or in combination with Cy. These findings call us to pay more attention to PCD as a parameter of genotoxicity in the pre-clinical research of mono- and/or combinational therapies for cancer treatment.
Sticky Prices vs. Sticky Information: A Cross-Country Analysis of Second Moments

This paper provides an empirical comparison of the sticky-price and the sticky-information Phillips curves on the basis of second moments of inflation for six countries, the US, the UK, Germany, France, Canada, and Japan. We evaluate the models’ abilities to match empirical second moments of inflation evaluating moment distributions generated by model simulation. The absolute deviation of model moments to data moments is lower for sticky information but the joint density of the observed moments is higher for sticky prices. We also find that sticky information would need an unusually high degree of real rigidity to perform similar to sticky prices.
Enhancement of the helical twisting power with increasing the terminal chain length of nonchiral bent-core molecules doped in a chiral nematic liquid crystal

In this work, we prepared a series of nonchiral bent-core molecules with different terminal alkoxy chain lengths, and measured the helical twisting power (HTP) of the bent-core molecules doped in a chiral nematic liquid crystal (N*LC). We investigated the doping effect through the colour change and spectral change due to the Bragg (selective) reflection and found that the bent-core molecules with longer alkoxy chains showed stronger HTP under chiral circumstances such as N*LC. Namely, not only the axial conformations at wings linked to the bent central unit but also the length of the alkoxy chains at the terminal positions of the bent-core molecules play an important role in the resulting unusual chiral behaviour. A preliminary stochastic dynamics simulation to determine the distribution of the chirality order parameters was made, being consistent with the present experimental result.
A Note on The Examination of Morphometric Differentiation Among Fish Populations: The Truss System

Identifying intraspecific units or stocks of a species with unique morphological characters enables a better management of these subunits of species and ensurs perpetuations of the resources. Multivariate morphometry has been commonly used to investigate the discreteness and interrelationships of stocks within a species. Different types of body measurements have been traditionally used to charecterise stocks. However these measurements have recently been criticised because there are several biases and weaknesses inherent in traditional characters. As an alternative, a new system of morphometric measurements called The Truss Network System has been increasingly used for stock identification. In this review a computer-originated approach to the collection and analysis of morphometric characteristics of stocks is described.
Study of UV Transmission through a Few Edible Oils and Chicken Oil

Effects of solar UV radiation on the biosphere are well known and a lot of studies are going on to reduce its dangerous effects on human beings. Atmospheric ozone layer is not uniform over the globe, so that less ozone over tropics makes it receive more UV insolation, than high latitude places. People in the tropics are continuously exposed to high UV dosage, leading to skin reddening and the dangerous “sun stroke. ” In southern India people use some vegetable oils to protect the skin from sun heat. Studies of “sun stroke” show that people having skin of moderate colour are the main victims. In some parts of Southern Kerala like Kottayam, Ernakulam, and Alappuzha traditional people were using oil extracted from chicken, called “chicken oil,” for the treatment of “heat burns” and other types of burns. This motivated us to study the UV absorption characteristics of chicken oil, and compare them with that of other commonly used vegetable oils. It is found that the chicken oil shows maximum absorption of UV radiation of about 85%, and neem oil shows absorption of about 60%. Other oils show comparatively very low absorption of UV radiation. So this property of chicken oil may be the reason for using it as remedy for heat burns.
Investigation of a Bronze Age mound on Thursley Common

Following excavations in 1959, it was claimed that the two mounds close to the southern edge of the bog on Thursley Common were not Bronze Age tumuli, as had previously been reported, but were in fact sand dunes. It was further suggested that most such mounds on the Surrey heathlands were of similar origin. Limited reinvestigation of the western mound in 1995, however, revealed clear evidence of loose turf stack construction, for the presence of an external ditch and at least one possible primary burial. Palynological analysis of samples taken from the turves and buried soil levels indicate that the mound was likely to have been constructed in the Early/Middle Bronze Age. There is therefore no doubt that the mound is artificial and that it is almost certainly a barrow. It is highly likely therefore that the second mound, 180m to the east, is also of Bronze Age date and consequently that care should be taken before assuming that all such mounds are of natural origin.
The cranial anatomy of the Early Jurassic turtle Kayentachelys aprix

The fossil turtle Kayentachelys aprix is known from Early Jurassic sediments of the Kayenta Formation, Arizona, USA. The detailed description of this taxon’s cranium offered in this paper demonstrates that this turtle presents a mixture of primitive and derived character states. Among others, the presence of an interpterygoid vacuity, a basipterygoid process, a prootic that is exposed in ventral view, and a foramen posterius canalis carotici interni that is formed entirely by the basisphenoid are generally considered primitive for turtles. On the other hand, the presence of an undivided apertura narium, a well developed cavum tympani, an incipient cavum postoticum, and an unpaired vomer are considered to be de− rived. Kayentachelys aprix has previously been hypothesized to be the oldest stem cryptodiran turtle because of the pres− ence of a flat, vertical plate on the processus pterygoideus externus, and the presence of a processus trochlearis oticum. However, the presence of these characters cannot be confirmed in the available specimens. Other putative stem− cryptodiran characters, such as the prefrontal−vomer contact and the presence of an epipterygoid, are herein corroborated as being symplesiomorphies, because they generally appear to be present in basal turtles.
Cold storage of 'Tahiti' lime treated with 1-methylcyclopropene

ABSTRACT: The storage of ‘Tahiti’ limes under low temperatures enables the extension of thecommercialization period. However the loss of the skin green color and the occurrence of chilling injuriesprevent such advantage. The purpose of this work was to verify the efficiency of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an inhibition of ethylene action, during the cold storage of ‘Tahiti’ lime. Fruits were treated for 12hours with 1-methylcyclopropene at concentrations of 0 or 1.0 µL L -1 and then were stored at 5 or 10 o C for30, 60 and 90 days of storage (+ 3 days of simulated marketing at 20 o C). Application of 1-MCP conserved thecolor of stored fruits at 10 o C during 30 days. Fruits treated with 1-MCP and stored at 5 o C presented lessrespiration than non-treated fruits. High levels of ethanol and acetaldehyde were observed after 60 days innon-treated fruits. The occurrence of chilling injuries on fruits was not verified after a 30-day storage period,however after 60 days of storage, 40 to 58% of fruits kept at 5
Avian Use of Harvested Crop Fields in North Dakota During Spring Migration

ABSTRACT. Broad-spectrum herbicide applications and improved harvesting efficiency of crops have reduced the availability of weed seeds and waste grains for game and nongame wildlife. Over the last decade, corn and soybean plantings have steadily increased in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North Dakota, while sunflower plantings have declined. The PPR is an important corridor for migratory birds, and changes in food availabilities at stopover habitats may affect how food resources are used. In early spring 2003 and 2004, we compared bird use of harvested fields of sunflower, soybeans, small grains, and corn in the PPR of North Dakota. Across both years and all crop types, we observed 20,400 birds comprising 29 species. Flocks of Lapland Longspurs (Calcarius lapponicus) and Horned Larks (Eremophila alpestris) and flocks of Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) made up 60% and 15%, respectively, of the bird counts. We found that species richness and bird densities were higher in harvested sunflower fields and cornfields than in harvested small-grain and soybean fields, with soybean fields harboring the fewest species and lowest bird density. Blackbird densities tended to be lower in fields tilled after fall harvest than in fields not tilled. These results suggest that some granivorous bird populations in the Northern Great Plains could be positively affected by planting of row crops with postharvest vertical structure (e.g., sunflower, corn) and use of no-till land management practices.
How to Measure the Multidimensional Inequality with Household Surveys: The Mexican Case

En este trabajo de investigacion proponemos una medida de desigualdad con un enfoque multidimensional. Para tal fin, usamos un Analisis de Componentes Principales para un conjunto de variables que caracterizan a los hogares de una economia. Especificamente, la metodologia propuesta se prueba con los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares de Mexico. Los resultados son consistentes con los de las medidas convencionales de desigualdad cuando los analizamos entre dos periodos de tiempo. Sin embargo, cuando se analiza la desigualdad entre los Estados de Mexico, el indice propuesto identifica una mayor desigualdad en aquellos donde existen brechas en los servicios y condiciones de vivienda deficientes. La metodologia que proponemos es innovadora para analizar la desigualdad multidimensional y su implementacion es mas facil de manejar que la de los metodos recientes propuestos por la literatura. Con base en nuestros resultados, sugerimos que si los disenadores de politicas intentan implementar una redistribucion del ingreso, esta debe ir acompanada de una mejora en los servicios que ofrece el gobierno, con especial atencion en la educacion.
Pre-trade Transparency, Market Quality, and Informed Trading

We study the effects of a change from a pre-trade transparent limit order book to an anonymous electronic limit order book. We use the Probability of Informed Trading (PIN) as a proxy for the participation rate of informed traders to test a theoretical prediction of Foucault, Moinas, and Theissen (2007). However, we do not find significant explanatory power for the PIN measure in explaining bid-ask spreads after a change to anonymous trading. More generally, we do not find unambiguous evidence of an improvement in market quality, measured by bid-ask spreads, intraday volatility, and trading volume. We also find that there is no substantial change in upstairs trading.