Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NOTE : YEAR , SEASON , AND PARITY EFFECT ON WEANING PERFORMANCE OF THE CARMAGNOLA GREY RABBIT

To evaluate the main environmental factors in the productivity of Carmagnola Grey rabbits –an endangered breed indigenous to northern Italy– data collected from a total of 1486 litters over 8 yr were analysed. Production data on the pure closed nucleus herd of the University of Turin were used. Effects of parity, season and age of weaning on the number of rabbits born alive and weaned, litter weight and individual average weight at weaning were studied. The following average performance rates over the 8 yr period were determined: 8.1 live born and 7.2 weaned kits per litter and a litter weight at weaning (on average of 35 d) of 7287 g or 1024 g individual weaning weight. Year and season both had a significant effect (P<0.001) on all the traits studied as well as weaning age (P<0.001). To summarise, all productive traits showed an improvement in the last two-three years of the trial, in does after the first delivery, and at the higher kid weaning age (6 week), while shown a decreasing in summer. The performances of the Carmagnola Grey rabbit are encouraging, even if not comparable to hybrid strains.
Attention in Multimodal Neural Networks for Person Re-identification

In spite of increasing interest from the research community, person re-identification remains an unsolved problem. Correctly deciding on a true match by comparing images of a person, captured by several cameras, requires extraction of discriminative features to counter challenges such as changes in lighting, viewpoint and occlusion. Besides devising novel feature descriptors, the setup can be changed to capture persons from an overhead viewpoint rather than a horizontal. Furthermore, additional modalities can be considered that are not affected by similar environmental changes as RGB images. In this work, we present a Multimodal ATtention network (MAT) based on RGB and depth modalities. We combine a Convolution Neural Network with an attention module to extract local and discriminative features that are fused with globally extracted features. Attention is based on correlation between the two modalities and we finally also fuse RGB and depth features to generate a joint multilevel RGB-D feature. Experiments conducted on three datasets captured from an overhead view show the importance of attention, increasing accuracies by 3.43%, 2.01% and 2.13% on OPR, DPI-T and TVPR, respectively.
The EMEP MSC-W chemical transport model -- technical description

The Meteorological Synthesizing Centre-West (MSC-W) of the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) has been performing model calculations in support of the Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) for more than 30 years. The EMEP MSC-W chemical transport model is still one of the key tools within European air pollution policy assessments. Traditionally, the model has covered all of Europe with a resolution of about 50 km x 50 km, and extending vertically from ground level to the tropopause (100 hPa). The model has changed extensively over the last ten years, however, with flexible processing of chemical schemes, meteorological inputs, and with nesting capability: the code is now applied on scales ranging from local (ca. 5 km grid size) to global (with 1 degree resolution). The model is used to simulate photo-oxidants and both inorganic and organic aerosols. In 2008 the EMEP model was released for the first time as public domain code, along with all required input data for model runs for one year. The second release of the EMEP MSC-W model became available in mid 2011, and a new release is targeted for summer 2012. This publication is in-tended to document this third release of the EMEP MSC-W model. The model formulations are given, along with details of input data-sets which are used, and a brief background on some of the choices made in the formulation is presented. The model code itself is available at www.emep. int, along with the data required to run for a full year over Europe.
Inbreeding Depression in Nigella degenii (Ranunculaceae): Fitness Components Compared with Morphological and Phenological Characters

We have compared selfed and outbred offspring from individual plants of the annual plant Nigella degenii to examine patterns of inbreeding depression in two direct components of fitness (flower number and pollen viability) and a number of morphological or phenological characters for which the optimal phenotype may be habitat specific. Selfing lowered flower number, plant height, flower size, and pollen viability and caused a shift toward later germination and flowering dates. There was no significant difference in inbreeding depression between fitness components and characters reflecting morphology or phenology regardless of how inbreeding response was estimated. Family‐level analyses revealed moderately strong correlated responses involving flower number and each of the nonfitness characters, whereas pollen viability showed an independent response to inbreeding. On the basis of these observations, we hypothesize that morphology and phenology could make a significant contribution to lifetime inbreeding depression in N. degenii, that inbreeding responses in different types of characters involve loci with both general and specific effects on the phenotype, and that morphological inbreeding depression has contributed to the evolutionary reduction of floral structures so prevalent in the Nigella arvensis complex.
0 60 41 14 v 2 2 5 A ug 2 00 6 Merger Transitions in Brane – BlackHole Systems : Criticality , Scaling , and Self-Similarity

We propose a toy model for study merger transitions in a curved spaceime with an arbitrary number of dimensions. This model includes a bulk N-dimensional static spherically symmetric black hole and a test D-dimensional brane (D ≤ N − 1) interacting with the black hole. The brane is asymptotically flat and allows O(D − 1) group of symmetry. Such a brane–black-hole (BBH) system has two different phases. The first one is formed by solutions describing a brane crossing the horizon of the bulk black hole. In this case the internal induced geometry of the brane describes D-dimensional black hole. The other phase consists of solutions for branes which do not intersect the horizon and the induced geometry does not have a horizon. We study a critical solution at the threshold of the brane-black-hole formation, and the solutions which are close to it. In particular, we demonstrate, that there exists a striking similarity of the merger transition, during which the phase of the BBH-system is changed, both with the Choptuik critical collapse and with the merger transitions in the higher dimensional caged black-hole–black-string system.
Large time behavior of a two phase extension of the porous medium equation

We study the large time behavior of the solutions to a two phase extension of the porous medium equation, which models the so-called seawater intrusion problem. The goal is to identify the self-similar solutions that correspond to steady states of a rescaled version of the problem. We fully characterize the unique steady states that are identified as minimizers of a convex energy and shown to be radially symmetric. Moreover, we prove the convergence of the solution to the time-dependent model towards the unique stationary state as time goes to infinity. We finally provide numerical illustrations of the stationary states and we exhibit numerical convergence rates.
Prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae in Tupinambis merianae (Squamata: Teiidae) from a captive facility in Central Brazil, with a profile of antimicrobial drug resistance in Salmonella enterica

O presente estudo relata a presenca de Enterobacteriaceae em lagartos teius (Tupinambis merianae) de cativeiro no Brasil Central. De um total de 30 animais, 10 jovens e 20 adultos (metade de cada sexo), 60 amostras foram coletadas, em dois periodos separados por 15 dias. As amostras foram cultivadas no meio xilose-lisina-desoxicolato e agar MacConkey. Os isolados de Salmonella enterica foram testados quanto a sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos. Um total de 78 isolados de bacterias foi encontrado, sendo 27 de individuos jovens de T. merianae, 30 de machos adultos e 21 de femeas adultas. A bacteria Salmonella enterica foi encontrada com maior frequencia, seguida de Citrobacter freundii, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sakasakii, Kluivera sp. , Citrobacter amalonaticus, Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter diversus, Yersinia frederiksenii, Serratia odorifera e Serratia liquefaciens. Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae e houtenae apresentaram resistencia ao cotrimoxazol,enquanto S. enterica Worthington foi resistente a tetraciclina e gentamicina. Salmonella enterica Panama e S. enterica subsp. diarizonae apresentaram resistencia intemediaria ao cotrimoxazol. Alem de Enterobacteriaceae no lagarto teiu, sorovares patogenicos de S. enterica foram isolados e sua resistencia antimicrobiana foi confirmada.
The Case for Higher Frequency Inflation Expectations

I present evidence that higher frequency measures of inflation expectations outperform lower frequency measures of inflation expectations in tests of accuracy, predictive power, and rationality. For decades, the academic literature has focused on three survey measures of expected inflation: the Livingston Survey, the Survey of Professional Forecasters, and the Michigan Surveys of Consumers. While these measures have been useful in developing models of forecasting inflation, the data are low frequency measures that are anachronistic in the modern era of high frequency and real-time data. I present a collection of 37 different measures of inflation expectations, including many previously unexploited monthly and real-time measures of inflation expectations. These higher frequency measures tend to outperform the standard three low frequency survey measures in tests of accuracy, predictive power, and rationality, indicating that there are benefits to using higher frequency measures of inflation expectations. Out of sample forecasts confirm the findings.
Capsule Networks for Hyperspectral Image Classification

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have recently exhibited an excellent performance in hyperspectral image classification tasks. However, the straightforward CNN-based network architecture still finds obstacles when effectively exploiting the relationships between hyperspectral imaging (HSI) features in the spectral–spatial domain, which is a key factor to deal with the high level of complexity present in remotely sensed HSI data. Despite the fact that deeper architectures try to mitigate these limitations, they also find challenges with the convergence of the network parameters, which eventually limit the classification performance under highly demanding scenarios. In this paper, we propose a new CNN architecture based on spectral–spatial capsule networks in order to achieve a highly accurate classification of HSIs while significantly reducing the network design complexity. Specifically, based on Hinton’s capsule networks, we develop a CNN model extension that redefines the concept of capsule units to become spectral–spatial units specialized in classifying remotely sensed HSI data. The proposed model is composed by several building blocks, called spectral–spatial capsules, which are able to learn HSI spectral–spatial features considering their corresponding spatial positions in the scene, their associated spectral signatures, and also their possible transformations. Our experiments, conducted using five well-known HSI data sets and several state-of-the-art classification methods, reveal that our HSI classification approach based on spectral–spatial capsules is able to provide competitive advantages in terms of both classification accuracy and computational time.
Creating statistically anisotropic and inhomogeneous perturbations

In almost all structure formation models, primordial perturbations are created within a homogeneous and isotropic universe, like the one we observe. Because their ensemble averages inherit the symmetries of the spacetime in which they are seeded, cosmological perturbations then happen to be statistically isotropic and homogeneous. Certain anomalies in the cosmic microwave background on the other hand suggest that perturbations do not satisfy these statistical properties, thereby challenging perhaps our understanding of structure formation. In this paper we relax this tension. We show that if the universe contains an appropriate triad of scalar fields with spatially constant but non-zero gradients, it is possible to generate statistically anisotropic and inhomogeneous primordial perturbations, even though the energy–momentum tensor of the triad itself is invariant under translations and rotations.
Translational Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities in BRCA1-Related Breast Cancer

Although significant progress has been made in the management of the hereditary cancer syndrome related to mutations of BRCA1, two fundamental and clinically relevant questions regarding BRCA1-related cancer syndrome remain unresolved: (1) What factors account for the tissue specificity of the BRCA1-related cancer risk? (2) How does a mutation or loss of BRCA1 lead to the basal-like phenotype of breast cancer? This review focuses on recent studies in BRCA1-related pathways that lead to specific characteristics of the hereditary cancer syndrome and discusses the current translational evidence for exploiting these pathways in new therapeutic strategies. Mounting evidence suggests that estrogen signaling and metabolism, oxidative stress, specific secondary mutations, and regulation of specific progenitor cells and transcriptional programs are critical in BRCA1-associated breast cancer. Strategies geared toward estrogen reduction may play a role in treatment and prevention. Therapies aimed at mitigating oxidative stress may be a strategy for risk reduction, while cancer-cell-specific sensitivity to oxidative stress may also be an opportunity for specific targeting. BRCA1-related transcriptional regulation and signaling provide a number of therapeutic targets, including the PI3-AKT and Notch pathways. Thus, significant opportunities exist in translational and clinical research for developing the treatment strategies for the management of BRCA1-related breast cancer.
GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS AND MYOFIBROBLASTS MODULATE THE GLOMERULAR AND TUBULOINTERSTITIAL INJURY IN PRIMARY TYPE I MESANGIOCAPILLARY GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

Summary. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) play a crucial role in the layout of the electronegative filter of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and have a possible involvement in renal fibrosis. The expression of α -smooth muscle actin (α -SMA) amongst other cytoskeletal proteins, such as vimentin (Vi), in the glomerulus and the intestitium correlates with glomerulosclerosis (GSL) and tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TI). The purpose of the study was to evaluate clinical, biochemical and histological aspects of primary type I mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis (MCGN) related to alterations of GAGs deposits and to the expression of α -SMA and Vi by glomerular and interstitial cells. A group of 28 patients (p) with primary type I MCGN was assessed concerning blood pressure, proteinuria and serum creatinine. Kidney biopsies were performed in all patients and were processed in light microsopy, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry in order to reveal GAGs deposits, Vi-and α -SMA / PCNA (proliferating celll nuclear antigen) positive cells in the glomerulus and the interstitium. Of the 28 p, 19 p (67.85%) - group B presented with significant alterations of GAGs in the capillaries, mesangium and interstitium, while 9 p (32.15%) - group A, had a mild impairment of the distribution of GAGs only in the capillary walls. Linear regression analysis showed in both groups an inverse correlation between GAGs staining in the capillaries and proteinuria and Ig deposits in the capillary walls. In group B, we found an inverse correlation between the GSL score and Vi expression in the glomerulus, and a direct correlation between this score and glomerular α -SMA and PCNA expression. TI injury correlated positively with interstitial α -SMA and PCNA. In group A, the GSL score showed an inverse correlation with glomerular Vi, but did not reveal a significant correlation with glomerular α -SMA and PCNA. TI lesions correlated weakly with intersititial α -SMA alone. In group B, proteinuria (P) and serum creatinine (SC) correlated inversely with glomerular Vi and directly with glomerular and interstitial α -SMA / PCNA. In group A, P showed an inverse correlation with glomerular Vi, but no correlations with glomerular and interstitial α -SMA / PCNA; SC correlated inversely with glomerular Vi and weakly with interstitial α -SMA. In conclusion, the alterations of GAGs deposits are significant in primary type I MCGN and they correlate with the glomerular and interstitial expression of α -SMA and Vi. The biochemical picture of MCGN is far more severe in these p and correlates with GSL and TI fibrosis.
Enterprise Architecture Cybernetics for Collaborative Networks: Reducing the Structural Complexity and Transaction Cost via Virtual Brokerage

This paper demonstrates that the efficiency of Virtual Organisation (VO) creation by Collaborative Networks (CNs) can be limited by the complexity of the network itself. The authors previously proposed the use of distributed Enterprise Engineering methods based on Extended Axiomatic Design Theory to limit the complexity of VOs, and of the CN itself. This paper formulates methods to calculate and reduce the structural complexity of CNs and the cost of VO creation transactions through virtual brokerages. The method is demonstrated through an example and also yields a heuristic rule regarding the optimal size of such brokerages.
Strategic Interaction and Catching Up

In this study, we prove that the strategic interaction among agents differing in initial wealth levels leads the poor to be able to catch up with the rich, which is not the case for the standard Ramsey model where the initial wealth differences perpetuate. Extending the analysis to account for relative wealth concern and the adjustment cost of consumption, the strategic interaction among agents is shown to affect not only the distribution of wealth in the long run but also the transitional dynamics substantially. In particular, we show that structurally very simple frameworks may lead to limit cycles thanks to the strategic interaction among agents in the economy.
The Impact of Teacher Scaffolding on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learner's Listening Comprehension Achievement

Among various aspects of effective instruction, scaffolding is an important concept that helps language teachers to consider the context of language learning. Teachers need to focus on strategies that are appropriate to different kinds of listening techniques and to consider the proficiency level of their students. The current investigation attempted to determine the impact of teacher scaffolding on listening comprehension of Iranian EFL learners. To this end, 60 intermediate learners (including 30 male and 30 female) were chosen from a language institute and divided in two groups. Hogan and Pressley's (1997) guidelines were used in order to incorporate scaffolding techniques throughout their lessons. The results confirmed the significant impact of teacher scaffolding on listening achievement in male and female EFL learners. Additionally, by considering gender, it was shown that there was no relationship between gender and listening achievement through teacher scaffolding.
Speed-accuracy trade-off behavior: Response caution adjustment or mixing task strategies?

The speed-accuracy trade-off (SAT) effect refers to the behavioral trade-off between fast yet error-prone responses and accurate but slow responses. Multiple theories on the cognitive mechanisms behind SAT exist. One theory assumes that SAT is a consequence of strategically adjusting the amount of evidence required for overt behaviors, such as perceptual choices. Another theory hypothesizes that SAT is the consequence of mixing different task strategies. In this paper these theories are disambiguated by assessing whether the fixed-point property of mixture distributions holds, in both simulations and data. I conclude that, at least for perceptual decision making, there is no evidence for mixing different task strategies to trade off accuracy of responding for speed.
A ground system for early forest fire detection based on infrared signal processing

This article presents a ground remote automatic system for forest surveillance based on infrared signal processing applied to early fire detection. Advanced techniques, which are based on infrared signal processing, are used in order to process the captured images. With the aim of determining the presence or absence of fire, the system performs the fusion of different detectors that exploit different expected characteristics of a real fire, such as persistence and increase. Theoretical simulations and practical results are presented to corroborate the control of the probability of false alarm. Results in a real environment are also presented to authenticate the accuracy of the operation of the proposed system. In particular, some experiments have been done to evaluate the delay of the system (tens of seconds on average) in detecting a controlled ground fire in a range of 1–10 km. Moreover, temporary evolution of false alarms and true detections are presented to evaluate the long-term performance of the system in a real environment. We have reached a detection probability of 100% at a false alarm rate of around 1 × 10−9.
Episodic Memory Use in L2 Vocabulary Processing

The experiment discussed in this paper is a direct replication of Finkbeiner (2005) and an indirect replication of Jiang and Forster (2001) and Witzel and Forster (2012). The paper explores the use of episodic memory in L2 vocabulary processing. By administering an L1 episodic recognition task with L2 masked translation primes, reduced reaction times would suggest L2 vocabulary storage in episodic memory. The methodology follows Finkbeiner (2005) who argued that a blank screen introduced after the prime in Jiang Forster (2001) led to a ghosting effect, compromising the imperceptibility of the prime. The results here mostly corroborate Finkbeiner (2005) with no significant priming effects. While Finkbeiner discusses his findings in terms of the dissociability of episodic and semantic memory, and discounts Jiang and Forster’s (2001) results to participants’ strategic responding, I add a layer of analysis based on declarative and procedural constituents. From this perspective, Jiang and Forster (2001) and Witzel and Forster’s (2012) results can be seen as possible episodic memory activation, and Finkbeiner’s (2005) and my lack of priming effects might be due to the sole activation of procedural neural networks. Priming effects are found in concrete and abstract words but require verification through further experimentation.