Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bund Based Agroforestry Using Eucalyptus Species: A Review

Agroforestry system as an ecologically sustainable land use option alternative to the prevalent subsistence farming patterns for conservation and development. It is an old traditional practice but recently named as an agroforestry. A large hectare is available in the form of boundaries, bunds, wastelands where this system can be adopted. Eucalyptus is a cropland agroforestry tree species planted along with various annual crops like paddy, wheat, and cereals and other cash crops in farmers’ lands either in scattered or in bund. The main purpose of this review to provide/generates an idea about how Eucalyptus on bund behaves with associated crops i.e. interaction between both are studied in many aspects comprises outcome of yield, which is depends upon tree spacing, density, type and nature of existing bund plantation, their shading effects on morphology (internodes length, leaf area) and flower initiation/fruit-set of associated crops and their negative impacts on ecosystem includes competition of trees with crops for resources, allelopathic effects, rapid growth of trees occupy space of crops, etc. This review also includes carbon sequestration ability of Eucalyptus plantation with their growth and price trend behavior.
Near-field development of large-scale vortical structures in a controlled confined coaxial jet

We carry out direct numerical simulation (DNS) of scalar transport and mixing in a coaxial round jet issued into a small model combustor. The Reynolds number based on the diameter and bulk mean velocity of the outer annular jet is 1320. The outer-to-inner bulk mean velocity ratio is fixed at 6.4. Analysis is made on the detailed mechanism of scalar transport modulated by an active control of the near-field large-scale vortical structure. The main interest lies in dynamics of the vortical structure created by the present active control method, growth of streamwise vorticity, and the associated scalar transport process downstream of the nozzle exit. The mixing enhancement is found to be due to three-dimensional breakdown of the primary vortex rings in the inner shear layer. This breakdown process is caused by the streamwise vortical structure. Budget analysis reveals different dynamic processes taking place in the evolution of streamwise structure in the inner and outer shear layers. The process in the oute.
Freezing nucleation apparatus puts new slant on study of biological ice nucleators in precipitation

Abstract. For decades, drop-freezing instruments have contributed to a better understanding of biological ice nucleation and its likely implications for cloud and precipitation development. Yet, current instruments have limitations. Drops analysed on a cold stage are subject to evaporation and potential contamination. The use of closed tubes provides a partial solution to these problems, but freezing events are still difficult to be clearly detected. Here, we present a new apparatus where freezing in closed tubes is detected automatically by a change in light transmission upon ice development, caused by the formation of air bubbles and crystal facets that scatter light. Risks of contamination and introduction of biases linked to detecting the freezing temperature of a sample are then minimized. To illustrate the performance of the new apparatus we show initial results of two assays with snow samples. In one, we repeatedly analysed the sample (208 tubes) over the course of a month with storage at +4 °C, during which evidence for biological ice nucleation activity emerged through an increase in the number of ice nucleators active around −4 °C. In the second assay, we indicate the possibility of increasingly isolating a single ice nucleator from a precipitation sample, potentially determining the nature of a particle responsible for a nucleation activity measured directly in the sample. These two seminal approaches highlight the relevance of this handy apparatus for providing new points of view in biological ice nucleation research.
DAB vs DAB+ Radio Broadcasting: a Subjective Comparative Study

In the age of digital media, delivering high quality content to consumers is one of the most demanding tasks. There exist numerous broadcasting standards, with different pros and cons, and the DAB/DAB+ (Digital Audio Broadcasting) system is one of the most popular among them. From an engineer’s perspective, efficient resource management under limited bandwidth conditions has always been a challenge. In this paper a subjective quality assessment study of the DAB and DAB+ broadcasting system is performed on a representative group of signal samples. It describes the radio link, including a fully functional transmitter designed for the purpose of this test, as well as the receiver side representing a commercially available consumer device, for a truly real-time and end-to-end quality evaluation.
How Did State-Owned Banks Respond to Privatization? Evidence from the Indian Experiment

The paper examines the response of banks to privatization. Using data on all state-owned banks for the period 1990-2006, the findings indicate that fully state-owned banks are significantly less profitable than partially privatized ones. The improvements in performance by partially privatized banks are, in fact, sustained after privatization. In addition, the analysis indicates that privatization improves profitability, efficiency and improves bank soundness, while lowering bank risk. While the improvement in bank risk is typically spread out over a much longer period, the progress in terms of profitability and economic efficiency typically occurs in the post-privatization period. Copyright © 2010 The Author Journal compilation © CIRIEC 2010.
Parent Satisfaction of Occupational Therapy Interventions for Pediatrics

Purpose: This review seeks to identify the tools used to determine parent satisfaction with OT interventions for a variety of pediatric conditions. The purpose of this review was to explore whether the research on the effectiveness of OT interventions for children has addressed the important concept of parent satisfaction. There is limited OT research that evaluates parent satisfaction in pediatrics. Greater parent satisfaction with OT services results in better treatment adherence for pediatric care.Design: A scoping review.Methods: Five studies met the inclusion criteria. In total, there were 139 participants within the five studies that were examined. Five studies explored parent satisfaction as an outcome measure of OT interventions for pediatric populations. Assessment methods and findings were extracted from the selected studies. Information regarding the assessment tools used to determine parent satisfaction was extracted. Also extracted were the results of the satisfaction assessments used by the studies.Results: The study designs included four qualitative studies and one randomized control trial. Tools used to measure parent satisfaction, included the MPOC-20, MPOC-56, COPM, GAS and the CSQ. Best practice for OT's include, facilitating goal setting with clients and communicating efficiently with parents, allowing them to ask questions for comprehension of the clinical aspects, explaining the child's procedures and providing follow up time to discuss improvements or setbacks.Conclusion: The studies reviewed suggest there may be value in understanding parent consideration and working as a cohesive, interdisciplinary team for the overall benefit of a child.Discussion: To provide optimal holistic care to pediatric patients, cooperation with the parents can be an asset to the therapeutic process. Parents can be OTs advocates regarding health care for their children.
What is the effect of grade point average (GPA) on courses taken either face-to-face or online by undergraduate working adult students? (English version)

The study site is a unique institution of adult students in the United States of America offering course modality choice to its students which is either face-toface (FTF) or online. Online instruction is offered completely online using Moodle as the online learning environment. The stakeholders at the study site needed research-based findings on the effect of grade point average (GPA) on courses taken either face-to-face or online by undergraduate working adult students in order for institutional reforms to take place on course modalities. The research question that guided this study was: What is the effect of GPA on courses taken either face-to-face or online by undergraduate working adult students? The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of GPA on courses taken either faceto-face or online by undergraduate working adult students. This study was grounded in the self determination theory (SDT) with its sub-set cognitive evaluation theory (CET). A comparative design of independent groups was used in the investigation of the research question. Archived data were collected on GPA, course modality, and course modality choice. Descriptive statistics and regressions analyses were performed within course modality choice. A significant effect of student choice of learning modality in student achievement either across or within course modalities was found.
Markers of politeness and impoliteness in student-teacher interaction in the discourse genre of emails

La cortesia es un fenomeno socio-pragmatico que condiciona el exito o el fracaso de la comunicacion. Por ello, este estudio pretende investigar las marcas de cortesia y descortesia en la interaccion alumno-profesor en la etapa universitaria en Espana mediante el uso del correo electronico como uno de los generos discursivos de mayor uso actualmente. Los objetivos formulados son: 1) Estudiar la opinion de estudiantes universitarios sobre su preparacion para redactar correos electronicos; 2) Comparar la percepcion que los sujetos participantes tienen sobre su dominio de distintos aspectos relacionados con la composicion de correos electronicos con la competencia que se aprecia en la redaccion de tales textos en un corpus analizado; 3) Disenar una intervencion didactica para ensenar a redactar correos electronicos y llevarla a la practica para mejorar los resultados; 4) Comparar los resultados despues de la intervencion didactica. Se ha realizado un analisis estadistico descriptivo e inferencial de un cuestionario de opinion de 160 estudiantes sobre la composicion de correos electronicos y un corpus de 120 correos. Posteriormente, se diseno una intervencion didactica en funcion de los resultados obtenidos. Despues se selecciono otro corpus de 60 correos para comparar los resultados antes y despues de la intervencion. Los resultados indican una mejora considerable en numerosos aspectos.
Epidemiology of rugby injuries sustained by Free State University hostel-league players during the 2003 rugby season

Abstract Background Rugby results in more hospitalisations and visits to the emergency rooms of hospitals than any other sport. It is also the sport with the highest injury rate. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and profile of the rugby injuries that were sustained by hostel-league rugby players at the University of the Free state. Methods This analytical prospective cohort study included all the rugby players playing in the Free state University Rugby Hostel League in the 2003 rugby season. Throughout the rugby season, the rugby coaches documented the dates of each practice session, the duration of each practice and the players present at each practice and each match. The captains reported the injuries in their teams. Each player also personally completed a separate injury form for each injury. All the players who had been injured gave informed, written consent for their data to be used. The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free state. The main outcome measures were the incidence of injury, injury risk per 100 hours played and the profile of the injuries. Results The results of only four of the six hostels are reported due to a lack of cooperation from the other two hostels. Fifty-eight (26.4%) of the 220 players were injured during the season, with 61 injuries being recorded, three of the players being injured twice. The incidence of the injuries ranged from 21.4% to 32% per hostel. Forty per cent of the injured players had also been injured during the previous season. Only three hostels had sufficient information for their risk per time exposure to be calculated. The risk was 0.4, 6.2 and 6.3 per 1 000 hours of exposure. The overall risk of injury per 1 000 hours of rugby played was 5.3. The majority of injuries occurred in the first league and in the lower limbs, with the most common type of injury involving ligaments. Most injuries were caused by tackling. The occurrence of injuries took place evenly throughout both halves of the matches. One date and one time interval during the rugby season stood out due to the high incidence of injuries sustained: on 9 May 2003, 10 injuries were sustained, eight in a game between the first teams of two hostels (seven from Hostel A and one from Hostel B). From 18 July 2003 to 1 August 2003 (the first three weeks after the June/July holidays), 25 injuries occurred. Conclusion Our findings were similar to those of other studies in certain respects but differed in others. Further research should investigate the effect of coaching techniques, fitness levels, protective gear and first aid provided on the injuries sustained.
Star formation and ISM morphology in tidally induced spiral structures

Tidal encounters are believed to be one of the key drivers of galactic spiral structure in the Universe. Such spirals are expected to produce different morphological and kinematic features compared to density wave and dynamic spiral arms. In this work we present high resolution simulations of a tidal encounter of a small mass companion with a disc galaxy. Included are the effects of gas cooling and heating, star formation and stellar feedback. The structure of the perturbed disc differs greatly from the isolated galaxy, showing clear spiral features that act as sites of new star formation, and displaying interarm spurs. The two arms of the galaxy, the bridge and tail, appear to behave differently; with different star formation histories and structure. Specific attention is focused on offsets between gas and stellar spiral features which can be directly compared to observations. We find some offsets do exist between different media, with gaseous arms appearing mostly on the convex side of the stellar arms, though the exact locations appear highly time dependent. These results further highlight the differences between tidal spirals and other theories of arm structure.
High-Commitment Work Practices and Downsizing Harshness in Australian Workplaces

This study examines the relationship between high-commitment work practices (HCWP) and downsizing. The results based on a large, representative sample of Australian workplaces supported our predictions. Consistent with previous research, HCWP was positively related to workforce reduction. However, workplaces with more HCWP used less harsh strategies (e.g., more employee-friendly approaches to downsizing) such as voluntary layoffs and early retirement than the harsher strategy of compulsory layoffs. The implications of these findings are discussed.
South- East Nigerian Women’s Perceptions and Responses: Alternative Views to Gender-Based Advertising Messages?

To date, very little is known about how women in Nigeria respond to gender portrayals in advertisements and the meaning and interpretation they bring to same. This research using women from South-East Nigeria, therefore, examines Nigerian women’s perception of gendered advertisements and how such perceptions translate in their purchase decisions. The research is purely qualitative; hence, Focus Group Discussion was employed to gauge women’s perceptions and responses to some selected product advertisements in realization of the paucity of studies of this nature in Nigeria. Findings show that South-East Nigerian women have divergent perceptions and ambivalent dispositions to gendered advertisements. While all the women in the study consent that most gendered advertisements are offensive and straightjacket women’s roles to the homes, their opinions however, varied as regards their responsiveness or otherwise to the products advertised. The study concludes that Nigerian women audiences are actively involved in meaning negotiation and capable of resisting such messages incongruent to their held values.
Attentional bias: a methodological review

The high prevalence rate and associated costs of anxiety disorders have resulted in increasing research attention on the role of attentional bias in anxiety. Although seven literature reviews and meta-analyses are devoted to attentional bias, none of them consider the methodological aspects of the studies. This article reviews the literature to provide a methodological user guide for researchers. First, we describe common reaction time (RT) tasks and review the evidence for attentional bias. Second, we evaluate the methods of studying attentional bias and make recommendations to address the following limitations: the (a) seemingly poor psychometric properties of RT tasks, (b) inappropriate practice of dichotomizing continuous variables, (c) improper handling of RT distributions, and (d) use of the mean as a summary statistic.
Smartphone: a new device for teaching Physics

This paper reports on the use of smartphone’s sensors to perform several experiments designed to teach fundamentals of Physics. We have adapted traditional physics laboratory sessions to the use of the different sensors that can be found in a typical smartphone, such as an accelerometer, and light and magnetic field sensors. The existence of a large repository of free AndroidTM and AppleTM applications which exploit the characteristics of these sensors facilitates the design of new experiments. A survey was done to the students in order to obtain feedback and to evaluate the success of the experience. The results of the survey showed a good acceptance of this method triggering their curiosity, with an average mark of 9 over 10. This project offers to the student a new way to think on smartphones as an attractive tool for possible application in experimental measurements and scientific demonstrations and not only as a socializing tool. http://dx.doi. org/10.4995/HEAd15.2015. 332
Boundary-layer receptivity for a parabolic leading edge. Part 2. The small-Strouhal-number limit

In Hammerton & Kerschen (1996), the effect of the nose radius of a body on boundary-layer receptivity was analysed for the case of a symmetric mean flow past a two-dimensional body with a parabolic leading edge. A low-Mach-number two-dimensional flow was considered. The radius of curvature of the leading edge, rn, enters the theory through a Strouhal number, S=ωrn/U, where ω is the frequency of the unsteady free-stream disturbance and U is the mean flow speed. Numerical results revealed that the variation of receptivity for small S was very different for free-stream acoustic waves propagating parallel to the mean flow and those free-stream waves propagating at an angle to the mean flow. In this paper the small-S asymptotic theory is presented. For free-stream acoustic waves propagating parallel to the symmetric mean flow, the receptivity is found to vary linearly with S, giving a small increase in the amplitude of the receptivity coefficient for small S compared to the flat-plate value. In contrast, for oblique free-stream acoustic waves, the receptivity varies with S1/2, leading to a sharp decrease in the amplitude of the receptivity coefficient relative to the flat-plate value. Comparison of the asymptotic theory with numerical results obtained in the earlier paper confirms the asymptotic results but reveals that the numerical results diverge from the asymptotic result for unexpectedly small values of S.
Microbiological and physico-chemical analyses of hand dug well-water near pit latrine in a rural Area of Western Nigeria

Contamination of water from feacal sources can lead to major outbreaks of water-borne diseases when such water is consumed without proper treatment. The microbiological and physicochemical analyses of well-water sample collected near pit latrines in Oko, Oyo State, Nigeria were carried out during rainy and dry seasons. Microbiological analysis was carried out by using Most Probable Number (MPN) technique while physico-chemical parameters of the well-water samples were determined by standard procedures. Thermotolerant coliforms were present in all the well-water analysed during both seasons, while total coliform ranged from 350 to 160,000 and 110 to 160,000 MPN/100 ml in rainy and dry season respectively. Results obtained showed that seasonal changes had a significant impact on water quality and that some of the chemical, physical, biological and trace metal parameters analyzed in the samples from study locations were above the acceptable standards for portable water. Water samples from these wells were unsafe for human consumption without proper treatments. Key words: Hand dug well, thermotolerant coliform, physico-chemical parameters, Most Probable Number.
A FRAMEWORK TO ANALYSE YOUNG CHILDREN’S NARRATIVES

Narrative skills are important because of three reasons; first, narratives are a useful tool for the development of oral language (Standler & Ward, 2005). Second, narrative language skills are closely related with children’s academic success and literacy development (Fang, 2001). Third, narratives are accepted as a part of cognitive domain since they require some degree of cognitive development such as memory, language and logical reasoning abilities (Stein & Albro, 1997). Story length, narrative structure, children’s inclusion types and frequency of evaluative devices in their narratives are outstanding dimensions of narrative. As such, the present study offers frame work to investigate children’s narrative by focusing on the story length, story grammar (Labov,1972) and evaluative function of narratives (Peterson & MaCabe, 1983 cited in Kang, 2003). The Early Childhood Curriculum prepared by the Ministry of National Education focuses on educating children who can express their ideas freely, retell story, and compose meaningful stories, creating relationships among picture, object, and events (MONE, 2012). Thus, it can be stated that on account of requirement of a good speaker, importance of narrative skills are increasing. Producing a wellstructured and viable narrative is a complex process, and there is much to know about how this process occurs. This study may help to teachers and parents how to support children to produce lengthy, coherent, and cohesive stories. Those skills are also helpful to make sense of children’s experiences as well as organizing and interpreting them.