Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Supplementing Lactating Goats Rations with Garlic, Cinnamon or Ginger Oils on Milk Yield, Milk Composition and Milk Fatty Acids Profile

Abstract Plant essential oils are volatile aromatic compounds with antimicrobial activity that can alter ruminal fermentation when used as dietary supplements. Consequently, both milk quantity and quality can be modified. This work aims at verifying the effect of different plant essential oils (garlic, cinnamon and ginger oils) on the milk production when used as dietary additives. Twenty-eight lactating Damascus goats, seven days after parturition, were divided into four groups using complete randomized block design, with 90-days period to study the effect of adding Garlic oil (Alilum sativum) (GAR), Cinnamon oil (Cinnamomum cassia) (CIN) or Ginger oil (Zingiber officinale) (GIN) to their rations on milk yield and composition. These treatments included: (1) control ration consisted of concentrate feed mixture: bersem clover (40:60 dry matter bases); (2) control + 2 ml/head/day garlic oil; (3) control + 2 ml/head/day cinnamon oil; (4) control + 2 ml/head/day ginger oil. Ruminal volatile fatty acids and propionate proportions were increased and ruminal acetate proportion and ammonia nitrogen concentration were decreased with experimental additives. Blood serum proteins and glucose concentrations were increased and urea nitrogen and cholesterol concentrations were decreased with CIN and GAR additives. Results indicated that experimental additives, significantly increased (p<0.05) milk yield, protein and solids not fat contents compared with the control, however fat percent and milk non protein nitrogen were decreased (p<0.05) by treatments compared to the control. Total solids and ash were not affected by the experimental additives. The experimental additives were increased (p<0.05) unsaturated fatty acids in milk specially C18:1n9c and conjugated linoleic acids (CLA). CIN treatments increased C18:3N3 and C18:3N6 (omega 3 and omega6) compared with other treatments. In conclusion, plant essential oils especially CIN oil supplementation to ration of lactating goats had beneficial effects on milk yield and milk protein and so enhance healthy fatty acids (CLA and omega 3) contents in milk.
Service Employees' Job Demands and Two Types of Deviance: The Moderating Role of Organizational Resources

Eva K. Hammes is a post-doctoral researcher at the Chair of Management &Marketing at the Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 3, 07743 Jena, Germany, Phone: +49/36419-943118, Fax: +49/364 19-943 112, E-mail: eva.hammes@unijena.de. * Corresponding author Gianfranco Walsh is Professor of Management & Marketing at the Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 3, 07743 Jena, Germany, Phone: +49/36419-9-43110, Fax: +49/364 19-943 112, E-mail: walsh@uni-jena.de. Service Employees’ Job Demands and Two Types of Deviance: The Moderating Role of Organizational Resources
Morbidity and Mortality Profile of LBW Babies and Their Growth and Neurodevelopment Outcome at 1 year-NICU , Government General Hospital , Kakinada

Low birth weight (LBW) babies are prone for various complications which effect the short term and long term outcome of these babies. Although technological advances in neonatal care have helped to improve survival of LBW babies, significant number of them remains with severe sequelae. Hence the present study was taken up to evaluate the immediate complications and long term outcome in terms of growth and development of LBW babies. A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted from March 2012 to August 2013. LBW babies admitted in NICU were enrolled in the study. Their complications during hospital stay were recorded. Survived babies were followed up for one year to monitor their growth and development. Out of 700 LBW babies enrolled in the study 73.8% were preterm and 26.2% were term IUGR. Overall mortality was 23.7%. Major causes of mortality were RDS and sepsis among preterm babies and sepsis and birth asphyxia among term IUGR babies. Out of 534 babies followed up, 178 babies were lost to follow up. 6.2% expired, 31% had poor catch up growth and 22% had developmental delay.Improvement of perinatal and neonatal services at Tertiary care centre can reduce LBW mortality.
Effects of Salicylic Acid Treatments on Seedling Growth of Red Cabbage under Salt Stress

High soil salinity is a limiting factor to red cabbage development and production. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of salicylic acid (SA) treatments (0.2 mg plant) on the development of red cabbage seedlings grown under salt stress (200 mM NaCl). Seedling growth parameters and plant nutrient contents were measured. Salicylic acid treatments had positive effects on plant fresh biomass, dry biomass and root lengths. The plant fresh biomass value of 244.5 mg plant under the control (zero application of SA) increased to 309.5 mg plant with SA treatments. The fresh biomass of 205.0 mgplant under saline conditions increased to 300.0 mg plant with SA treatments. Similar, plant dry biomass values increased with SA treatments. Furthermore, SA treatments increased root length from 9.21 cm under salt stress conditions (200 mM) to 11.69 cm. In addition to improving plant growth parameters, SA treatments significantly reduced plant Na levels and significantly increased plant contents of K, Ca, P, Fe, Zn and B. SA treatments increased K/Na ratio (a significant indicator of plant tolerance to salinity) from 0.43 to 0.64 and Ca/Na ratio from 0.24 to 0.34.
Life History and Spatial Distribution of Oriental Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Golf Courses in Korea

Abstract Larval and adult activity of the oriental beetle Exomala orientalis (Waterhouse), a pest of turfgrass in Korea, was investigated at four golf clubs in Pusan, Korea, from 1995 to 1999. Adult emergence was first observed on the greens in late May with peak activity occurring 2 wk later. During the day, E. orientalis adults were most active between 1800 and 2200 hours. First instars were found mostly in early July, second instars mostly in late July, and third instars from August to April. The density of larvae in fixed plots decreased steadily from the time of egg laying to pupation: 667/m3 on 26 July, 267/m3 on 29 August, and 122/m3 on 2 October 1997. All the observed E. orientalis completed one generation per year. Adult females were observed feeding on flowers of a late-blooming variety of Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata Sieb & Zucc). E. orientalis larval densities were higher in greens with Japanese chestnut nearby, and where magpie, Pica pica sericea (Gould), feeding was observed. More E. orientalis adults emerged from the right, left, and back of greens than from the front or middle. The intensity of emergence was inversely proportional to the amount of golfer traffic on various parts of the green. Counting emergence holes may be a way that golf course superintendents can predict which greens and tees are most likely to be damaged from E. orientalis larvae without destructive sampling.
Modulation by budesonide of DNA methylation and mRNA expression in mouse lung tumors

Biomarkers are being developed that can aid in the evaluation of cancer therapeutic and chemopreventive drugs. Two suggested biomarkers found in mouse lung tumors are DNA hypomethylation and alterations in mRNA expression of genes, such as 18S RNA, caspase 3, cyclin B2, cyclin E1, iNOS and survivin. Budesonide is very efficacious in preventing lung tumors in mice, so that its ability to modulate biomarkers in lung tumors was determined. Lung tumors were induced by vinyl carbamate in female strain A/J mice. Budesonide (2.0 mg/kg diet) was administered for 2, 7 and 21 days or for 14 days followed by a 7‐days' holding period prior to the killing of the mice at week 27. After 2 days of budesonide treatment, the size of the lung tumors was reduced. Tumor size continued to decrease during the 21 days of treatment. In the tumors, 2 days of treatment resulted in (i) increased methylation of DNA, reversing DNA hypomethylation, (ii) increased expression of 18S RNA and (iii) decreased mRNA expression of caspase 3, cyclin B2, cyclin E1, iNOS and survivin. Termination of budesonide treatment at 7 days prior to killing did not affect the size of the tumors, but did result in increased mRNA expression of the 5 genes, approaching the expression level in tumors from control mice. Hence, budesonide rapidly decreased the size of lung tumors, reversed DNA hypomethylation and modulated mRNA expression of genes; with the molecular alterations requiring continued treatment with the drug for maintenance. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biosynthesis and Translocation of Unsulfated Acyltrehaloses in Mycobacterium tuberculosis*

Background: The biogenesis of 2,3-diacyltrehaloses (DAT) and penta-acyltrehaloses (PAT) found in the outer membrane of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is ill defined. Results: DAT synthesis is cytosolic. Chp2-mediated transesterification reactions between DAT substrates yield PAT on the periplasmic face of the membrane. Conclusion: DAT and PAT biosynthesis is topologically split across the membrane. Significance: DAT and PAT biosynthesis and transport are coupled and dependent on the MmpL10 transporter. A number of species-specific polymethyl-branched fatty acid-containing trehalose esters populate the outer membrane of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Among them, 2,3-diacyltrehaloses (DAT) and penta-acyltrehaloses (PAT) not only play a structural role in the cell envelope but also contribute to the ability of M. tuberculosis to multiply and persist in the infected host, promoting the intracellular survival of the bacterium and modulating host immune responses. The nature of the machinery, topology, and sequential order of the reactions leading to the biosynthesis, assembly, and export of these complex glycolipids to the cell surface are the object of the present study. Our genetic and biochemical evidence corroborates a model wherein the biosynthesis and translocation of DAT and PAT to the periplasmic space are coupled and topologically split across the plasma membrane. The formation of DAT occurs on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane through the action of PapA3, FadD21, and Pks3/4; that of PAT occurs on the periplasmic face via transesterification reactions between DAT substrates catalyzed by the acyltransferase Chp2 (Rv1184c). The integral membrane transporter MmpL10 is essential for DAT to reach the cell surface, and its presence in the membrane is required for Chp2 to be active. Disruption of mmpL10 or chp2 leads to an important build-up of DAT inside the cells and to the formation of a novel form of unsulfated acyltrehalose esterified with polymethyl-branched fatty acids normally found in sulfolipids that is translocated to the cell surface.
Interim fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose–PET predicts response and progression-free survival in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma and HIV infection

Background:Interim PET scans in HIV-negative patients with Hodgkin lymphoma has emerged as one of the most important prognostic tools. However, equivalent studies in HIV-positive patients are yet to be performed. Objective:We evaluated the prognostic value of interim [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose–PET (18F-FDG PET) after two or three cycles of chemotherapy using adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (ABVD) with concomitant HAART in HIV-positive patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. Methods:Patients with advanced HIV–Hodgkin lymphoma (HIV-HL) from six UK centres were included. Interim PET scans after two or three cycles of ABVD (PET-2 or PET-3) were carried out. Prognostic analysis correlated the 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate with the interim PET result. Results:Twenty-three evaluable patients were assessed, 21 achieved a negative interim PET and 22 achieved complete remission by computerized tomography scan criteria after ABVD therapy. After a median follow-up of 27 months (range 12–50), disease progression was seen in one patient. Treatment failure was seen in one of the two interim PET-positive patients and none of the interim PET-negative patients. The 2-year PFS for interim PET-positive patients was 50%, and 100% for interim PET-negative patients (P = 0.0012). Conclusion:A negative interim 18F-FDG PET result is highly predictive of treatment success in HIV-HL patients.
Population Pharmacokinetic Estimation of Tacrolimus Apparent Clearance in Adult Liver Transplant Recipients

The goal was to study the factors affecting tacrolimus apparent clearance (CL/F) in adult liver transplant recipients. Tacrolimus dose and concentration data (n = 694) were obtained from 67 liver transplant recipients (22 female and 45 male), and the data were analyzed using a nonlinear mixed-effect modeling (NONMEM) method. A 1-compartment pharmacokinetic model with first-order elimination, an absorption rate constant fixed at 4.5 hours−1, and first-order conditional estimation was used to describe tacrolimus disposition. The predictive performance of the final model was evaluated using data splitting and assessing bias and precision of the estimates. The population estimate of tacrolimus CL/F and apparent volume of distribution (V/F) were found to be 21.3 L/h (95% confidence interval, CI, 18.0-24.6 L/h) and 316.1 L (95% CI 133-495 L), respectively. Neither patient's age, weight, gender, nor markers of liver function influenced tacrolimus CL/F. The final model was TVCL = 21.3 + 9.8 × (1 − HEM) + 3.4 × (1 − ALB) − 2.1 × (1 − DIL) − 7.4 × (1 − FLU), where TVCL, typical estimate of apparent clearance, HEM = 0 if hematocrit <35%, otherwise 1; ALB = 0 if albumin <3.5 g/dL, otherwise 1; DIL = 0 if diltiazem is coadministered, otherwise 1; FLU = 0 if fluconazole is coadministered, otherwise 1. This study identified the factors that significantly affect tacrolimus disposition in adult liver transplant recipients during the early posttransplantation period. This information will be helpful to clinicians for dose individualization of tacrolimus in liver transplant recipients with different clinical conditions including anemia or hypoalbuminemia or in those patients receiving diltiazem or fluconazole.
Mice expressing T4826I‐RYR1 are viable but exhibit sex‐ and genotype‐dependent susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia and muscle damage

Mutation T4825I in the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RYR1T4825I/+) confers human malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS). We report a knock‐in mouse line that expresses the isogenetic mutation T4826I. Heterozygous RYR1T4826I/+ (Het) or homozygous RYR1T4826I/T4826I (Hom) mice are fully viable under typical rearing conditions but exhibit genotype‐and sex‐dependent susceptibility to environmental conditions that trigger MH. Hom mice maintain higher core temperatures than WT in the home cage, have chronically elevated myoplasmic[Ca2+]rest, and present muscle damage in soleus with a strong sex bias. Mice subjected to heat stress in an enclosed 37°C chamber fail to trigger MH regardless of genotype, whereas heat stress at 41°C invariably triggers fulminant MH in Hom, but not Het, mice within 20 min. WT and Het female mice fail to maintain euthermic body temperature when placed atop a bed whose surface is 37°C during halo‐thane anesthesia (1.75%) and have no hyperthermic response, whereas 100% Hom mice of either sex and 17% of the Het males develop fulminant MH. WT mice placed on a 41°C bed maintain body temperature while being administered halothane, and 40% of the Het females and 100% of the Het males develop fulminant MH within 40 min. Myopathic alterations in soleus were apparent by 12 mo, including abnormally distributed and enlarged mitochondria, deeply infolded sarcolemma, and frequent ∗∗∗Z‐line streaming regions, which were more severe in males. These data demonstrate that an MHS mutation within the S4‐S5∗∗∗ cytoplasmic linker of RYR1 confers genotype‐ and sex‐dependent susceptibility to pharmacological and environmental stressors that trigger fulminant MH and promote myopathy. —Yuen, B. , Boncompagni, S. , Feng, W. , Yang, T. , Lopez, J. R. , Matthaei, K. I. , Goth, S. R. , Protasi, F. , Franzini‐Armstrong, C. , Allen, P. D. , Pessah, I. N. Mice expressing T4826I‐RYR1 are viable but exhibit sex‐ and genotype‐dependent susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia and muscle damage. FASEB J. 26, 1311‐1322 (2012). www.fasebj. org
Identification of CD 68 + neutrophil granulocytes in in vitro model of acute inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease

CD-68 is widely regarded as a selective marker for human monocytes and macrophages and is commonly used in human pathology studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of CD-68 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), neutrophil granulocytes (NGs) and in inflamed intestinal tissue samples for comparison. PBMCs and NGs were isolated from heparinized human blood samples. Intestinal biopsies were obtained during routine endoscopic procedures from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), e.g. ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Gene and protein expression was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Both PBMCs and NGs preparations contained cells that were positive for CD-68 and either neutrophil elastase (NE), or myeloperoxidase (MPO). CD-68+/NE-/MPOcells were regarded as monocytes. CD-68 mRNA expression was detected in PBMCs and NGs preparations. With Western blot and by performing immunoprecipitation of cell lysate, we could clearly detect CD-68 in NGs, U-937, THP-1, Hep-G2, Jurkat cells and PBMCs. Identification of inflammatory cells in acutely inflamed colonic mucosa obtained from patients with IBD revealed a strong accumulation of CD-68+/MPO+ cells compared to normal colonic mucosa. The uptake of the marker by phagocytosis was excluded by performing a double staining with CD-163/NE and CD-163/MPO in PBMCs, NGs cultures and in inflamed colonic mucosa. These results identify CD-68+ NGs in peripheral blood and inflamed colonic mucosa. CD68 is not only a marker for the macrophages-monocytes but also for NGs.
' s response to reviews Title : Patterns and socio-demographic correlates of domain-specific physical activities and their associations with adiposity in Chinese men and women : a cross-sectional study of 0 . 5 million adults

Huaidong Du (huaidong.du@ctsu.ox.ac.uk) Liming Li (lmlee@vip.163.com) Gary Whitlock (gary.whitlock@ctsu.ox.ac.uk) Derrick Bennett (derrick.bennett@ctsu.ox.ac.uk) Yu Guo (guoyu@kscdc.net) Zheng Bian (bianzheng@kscdc.net) Junshi Chen (junshichen@yahoo.com) Paul Sherliker (paul.sherliker@ctsu.ox.ac.uk) Ying Huang (huangying526@sina.com) Ningmei Zhang (zhangnmy@163.com) Xiangyang Zheng (459225338@qq.com) Zhongxiao Li (lizhongxiao0408@163.com) Ruying Hu (ryhu@cdc.zj.cn) Rory Collins (rory.collins@ctsu.ox.ac.uk) Richard Peto (richard.peto@ctsu.ox.ac.uk) Zhengming Chen (zhengming.chen@ctsu.ox.ac.uk)
Characteristics of CO2 transcritical expansion process

In order to improve the performance of the CO2 refrigeration cycle, the use of an expander as an expansion device has been examined. The CO2 expansion process in the expander is a transcritical expansion process in which the CO2 condition changes from supercritical to two-phase. In this study, the transcritical expansion process is investigated in detail using a single piston expander with glass windows. The expansion process is observed with a high-speed camera, and the heat transfer coefficient within the expansion chamber is examined based on the enthalpy change during the process. It is shown that the transcritical expansion process is accompanied by a non-equilibrium condition (delay of flash) when an initial temperature of the expansion process is low. When the expansion process passes across the saturation gas line or the saturation liquid line near the critical point, a blackout phenomenon occurs by generation of fine mist of the liquid phase. In addition, the heat transfer coefficient for the heat transfer from the expander wall to CO2 inside the expansion chamber is found to be about 2–7 kW/(m2K) (352–1233 Btu/(hft2°F)) in the two-phase region.
Setup and Performance of the Real-Time Simulator used for Hardware-in-Loop-Tests of a VSC-Based HVDC scheme for Offshore Applications

This paper describes the setup and demonstrates the performance of a real time simulator, used for Hardware-Inthe-Loop (HIL) testing of the control and protection systems of VSC-based HVDC schemes based on Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) topology. The HVDC scheme referenced in the paper connects offshore wind parks in the North Sea to deliver electric power to the German mainland. The main challenge of the paper is to demonstrate the required balance between the
Seven Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Immunization in Two Boston Communities: Changes in Serotypes and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Among Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates

Background: Seven valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was licensed and introduced in 2000 for universal administration of children younger than 2 years of age and for selective immunization of children 2–5 years of age. Specific Aims: To identify changes in colonization and antimicrobial susceptibility among Streptococcus pneumoniae organisms after introduction of PCV7. Methods: Infants and children ages 2–24 months were enrolled in surveillance study of nasopharyngeal carriage of S. pneumoniae. Nasopharyngeal cultures for S. pneumoniae were performed at all well child visits and illness visits of children with acute otitis media. S. pneumoniae organisms were serotyped, and antimicrobial susceptibilities to penicillin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and azithromycin were performed. Results: During the 3-year period (October 2000 through September 2003), nasopharyngeal colonization with vaccine serotypes declined from 22% to 2%, and nonvaccine serotypes increased from 7% to 16%. Rates of antibiotic resistance of S. pneumoniae isolates to penicillin, amoxicillin, azithromycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were 29.3, 2.2, 26.5 and 28.1%, respectively. Conclusions: PCV7 immunization produces a marked decline in vaccine serotypes carried in the nasopharynx of young children, with a coincident rise in the prevalence of nonvaccine serotypes. Important shifts in antimicrobial susceptibility have not been observed to date.
Andronov-Hopf bifurcation of sinusoidal oscillators under the influence of noise

We consider Andronov Hopf bifurcation in sinusoidal electrical oscillators under noisy disturbance. For this purpose the deterministic description of oscillators must be generalized using the concept of so-called invariant measures. It turns out that in noisy oscillators two inequivalent bifurcation approaches are available. By means of the van der Pol oscillator these noisy Andronov Hopf bifurcation concepts are illustrated.