Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevention of Mental Health Disorders Using Internet- and Mobile-Based Interventions: A Narrative Review and Recommendations for Future Research

Although psychological interventions might have a tremendous potential for the prevention of mental health disorders (MHD), their current impact on the reduction of disease burden is questionable. Possible reasons include that it is not practical to deliver those interventions to the community en masse due to limited health care resources and the limited availability of evidence-based interventions and clinicians in routine practice, especially in rural areas. Therefore, new approaches are needed to maximize the impact of psychological preventive interventions. Limitations of traditional prevention programs could potentially be overcome by providing Internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMIs). This relatively new medium for promoting mental health and preventing MHD introduces a fresh array of possibilities, including the provision of evidence-based psychological interventions that are free from the restraints of travel and time and allow reaching participants for whom traditional opportunities are not an option. This article provides an introduction to the subject and narratively reviews the available evidence for the effectiveness of IMIs with regard to the prevention of MHD onsets. The number of randomized controlled trials that have been conducted to date is very limited and so far it is not possible to draw definite conclusions about the potential of IMIs for the prevention of MHD for specific disorders. Only for the indicated prevention of depression there is consistent evidence across four different randomized trial trials. The only trial on the prevention of general anxiety did not result in positive findings in terms of eating disorders (EDs), effects were only found in post hoc subgroup analyses, indicating that it might be possible to prevent ED onset for subpopulations of people at risk of developing EDs. Future studies need to identify those subpopulations likely to profit from preventive. Disorders not examined so far include substance use disorders, bipolar disorders, stress-related disorders, phobic disorders and panic disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, impulse-control disorders, somatic symptom disorder, and insomnia. In summary, there is a need for more rigorously conducted large scale randomized controlled trials using standard clinical diagnostic instruments for the selection of participants without MHD at baseline and the assessment of MHD onset. Subsequently, we discuss future directions for the field in order to fully exploit the potential of IMI for the prevention of MHD.
De la migration à la mobilité : changement de paradigme dans la gestion migratoire. Le cas du Canada

Cet article suggere que l’on assiste a l’emergence d’un paradigme de la mobilite, caracterise par une vision de la migration et de son insertion dans l’economie des pays industrialises mettant l’accent sur la circulation du capital humain, la presence accrue du prive dans la gestion migratoire et un discours dominant de la mobilite axe sur la recherche de plus grande productivite. Ce paradigme emergeant se substituerait au paradigme de la production des annees d’apres-guerre. Le cas de la gestion migratoire au Canada est etudie pour explorer les implications de cette transformation.
Clinical profile and visual outcome of traumatic paediatric cataract in suburban Malaysia: a ten-year experience.

INTRODUCTION Available data on traumatic cataract in Asian children is primarily confined to South Asian countries. We aimed to describe the demographics, nature of injury and visual outcomes of Malaysian children with traumatic cataract from a suburban area, and discuss the literature on Asian children with this condition. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 29 children below 17 years of age who were diagnosed with traumatic paediatric cataract and who attended Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, between January 2000 and December 2010. Follow-up periods ranged from 12 to 120 months. Demographic data, clinical features, mechanism and extent of injury, and final visual outcome were recorded. RESULTS The study population was predominantly male. The right eye was injured in 62.07% of patients. A majority of patients had penetrating injuries, with the most common cause being injury by an organic foreign body (24.14%). Presenting visual acuity worse than 6/60 was observed in 68.97% of patients. Only 34.48% of patients had a final corrected visual acuity of 6/12 and better. 55.18% of patients were operated on within less than one month of their injuries. A majority of children sustained concurrent injuries to the anterior segment structures. Corneal opacity and amblyopia were the most common causes of poor final visual acuity. CONCLUSION Health education and awareness are essential tools that can prevent avoidable blindness due to traumatic cataract in the paediatric population. The importance of rehabilitation programmes for these patients should be emphasised.
Is it time for routine use of the retromolar fiberscope?

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness, safety, and oral intubation time (IT) using a retromolar Bonfils fiberoptic scope compared with a conventional Macintosh laryngoscope. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients (16-60 years old, American Society of Anesthesiology I/II) scheduled for general anesthesia for elective ear-nose-throat and plastic surgery were randomly divided into a Bonfils group (Group B, n = 30) and a Macintosh group (Group M, n = 30). Exclusion criteria included Mallampati IV, thyromental distance ≤4 cm, mouth <4 cm, cervical spine problems, body mass index >35, sleep apnea, reflux esophagitis, coronary artery disease, intracranial vascular malformation, elevated intracranial pressure, bleeding disorders, allergies to planned drugs, and patient refusal. Mallampati scoring, mouth opening, and thyromental distance were used for airway assessment. The time needed for successful intubation (IT), number of attempts, number of failures, systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR) and Oxygen saturation (O 2 ) and damage to the lips, dentures, and pharyngeal or laryngeal structures were recorded. Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation and categorical variables are presented as frequency and percentage. Chi-square tests and Student′s t-tests were used to compare the groups. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The groups were comparable regarding demographic data, preoperative airway parameters, IT, the number of attempts, O 2 , and the incidence of complications (P > 0.05). However, Bonfils intubation was associated with more stable HR, SBP, DBP and MBP (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The Bonfils fiberoptic scope is comparable to a Macintosh laryngoscope but assures better hemodynamic stability. In difficult cases, the Bonfils scope is a better choice because of its ability to navigate.
Osteopontin: a component of matrix in capsular opacification and subcapsular cataract.

PURPOSE To examine whether tissues of human capsular opacification and subcapsular cataract contain osteopontin, an adhesive matrix protein, and whether mouse lens epithelium expresses osteopontin after injury. METHODS An immunohistochemical examination was conducted to determine whether matrices in human postoperative capsular specimens and anterior subcapsular cataract contain osteopontin. The spatial and temporal protein expression patterns of osteopontin were then determined in epithelium of a healing mouse lens after a capsular incision. RESULTS Human lens epithelial cells in the specimens extracted at the time of vitrectomy 10 days after cataract surgery and also after longer healing intervals were labeled with an anti-osteopontin antibody, whereas uninjured lens epithelium was not. In the later healing phase, matrix of capsular opacification was positive for osteopontin. Lens cells amid anterior subcapsular cataract tissue were also positive. Osteopontin was detected in the cell surface and membrane and the cytoplasm of lens cells, as well as in the matrix. Unlike normal uninjured specimens, anterior lens capsule of some of the healing postoperative specimens and anterior subcapsular cataract specimens also faintly or weakly stained for osteopontin. Mouse lens epithelium started to express osteopontin protein at 8 hours after injury, before the cells changed their shape from epithelial cell type to fibroblast type. Expression of osteopontin lasted during the healing interval, even after the cells transformed into fibroblast-like cells. CONCLUSIONS Extracellular matrix in human postoperative capsular opacification and anterior subcapsular cataract contains osteopontin. Epithelial cells of a mouse lens also ectopically express osteopontin in response to capsular injury.
Heterogeneity of Epstein-Barr virus. III. Comparison of a transforming and a nontransforming virus by partial denaturation mapping of their DNAs

The DNAs of a transforming and a nontransforming Epstein-Barr virus strain, B95-8 AND P3HR-1, were compared by partial denturation mapping. B95-8 viral DNA showed a homogeneous denaturation pattern. In contrast, P3HR-1 viral DNA was heterogeneous, containing at least two classes of molecules, classified into groups A and B and present in a ratio of about 2:1 to 3:1. No evidence could be obtained that molecules from both groups A and B contain identical sequences present in different orientations as described for herpes simplex viral DNA. The majority of sequences present in B95-8 and in P3HR-1 viral DNA group A could be correlated by assuming that different sequences, about 12,000 base pairs long, were inserted or deleted, respectively, at different position of both viral genomes.
The Effects of Relative Advantage, Compatibility and Complexity in the Adoption of EC in the Hotel Industry

The paper examines three technological factors that were identified by Rogers 1990 and Tornatzky and Klein 1982 as technological determinants for IT adoption. The main objective of this paper is to examine if there is a relationship between each of the technological factors (i.e. relative advantage, compatibility and complexity) and the extent of Electronic Commerce adoption in Business to Business (B2B) inbound and outbound communication as well as Business to Consumer (B2C) order-taking and B2C inbound communication. A quantitative research design was used through a questionnaire to collect the data from a sample of 332 hotels in South Africa 2012.
Cognitive and Physiological Substrates of Impaired Sentence Processing in Parkinson's Disease

Sentence comprehension is a complex process involving at least a grammatical processor and a procedural component that supports language computations. One type of cerebral architecture that may underlie sentence processing is a network of distributed brain regions. We report two experiments designed to evaluate the cognitive and physiological substrate of sentence processing diaculties in nondemented patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In the first experiment, patients answered simple questions about sentences that varied in their computational demands. Group and individual patient analyses indicated that PD patients are significantly compromised on this task, and that their difficulties become more prominent as the computational demands of the sentences increase. We manipulated the set of sentences to stress performance aspects of sentence processing. PD patients were compromised in their ability to detect errors in the presence and nature of a sentence's grammatical morphemes, suggesting a deficit in selective attention, but their ability to answer questions about a sentence was not afFected by short-term memory factors. In the second experiment, positron emission tomography was used to correlate this pattern of sentence comprehension impairment with regional cerebral glucose metabolism (rCMRgl) obtained at rest in a representative subset of these PD patients. Grammatical comprehension and attention in sentence processing correlated significantly with mesial frontal rCMRgl. Regression analyses confirmed the central role of left mesial frontal cortex, and identified a subsidiary role for left caudate in overall sentence comprehension, for left dorsolateral frontal cortex in grammatical processing, and for bilateral dorsolateral frontal cortex in attending to the presence of grammatical features. We conclude that compromised mesial frontal functioning underlies in part the sentence processing deficit of these patients, and these data illustrate one method for mapping portions of a sentence processing mechanism onto a distributed cerebral architecture.
Repository 8-1-2011 Comprehension of Functional Support by Enculturated Chimpanzees Pan troglodytes

Studies of causal understanding of tool relationships in captive chimpanzees have yielded disparate findings, particularly those reported by Povinelli & colleagues (2000) for tool tasks by laboratory chimpanzees. The present set of experiments tested nine enculturated chimpanzees on three versions of a support task, as described by Povinelli (2000), during which food rewards were presented in different experimental configurations. In Experiment 1, stimulus pairs included a choice between a cloth with a reward on the upper right corner or with a second reward off the cloth, adjacent to a corner, with the second pair comprised of a cloth with food on the upper right corner, and a second cloth with the reward on the substrate, partially covered. All subjects were successful with both test conditions in Experiment 1. In a second study, the experimental choices included one of two possible correct options, paired with one of three incorrect options, with the three incorrect choices all involving varying degrees of perceptual containment. All nine chimpanzees scored significantly above chance across all six conditions. In Experiment 3, four unique conditions were presented, combining one of two possible correct choices with one of two incorrect choices. Six of the subjects scored significantly above chance across the four conditions, and group performance on individual conditions was also significant. Superior performance was demonstrated by female subjects in Experiment 3, similar to sex differences in tool use previously reported for wild chimpanzees and some tool tasks in captive chimpanzees. The present results for Experiments 2 & 3 were significantly differed from those reported by Povinelli et al. (2000) for laboratory-born, peer-reared chimpanzees. One contribution towards the dramatic differences between the two study populations may be the significant rearing and housing differences of the chimpanzee groups. One explanation is that under conditions of enculturation, rich social interactions with humans and conspecifics, as well as active exploration of artifacts, materials, and other aspects of their physical environment had a significant impact on the animals’ ability to recognize the support relationships among the stimulus choices. Overall, the present findings provide strong support for the hypothesis that our chimpanzee subjects based their responses on an understanding of functional support which represented one facet of their folk physics repertoire [Current Zoology 57 (4): 429–440, 2011].
Integral Sliding Mode Fault-Tolerant Control for Uncertain Linear Systems Over Networks With Signals Quantization

In this paper, a new robust fault-tolerant compensation control method for uncertain linear systems over networks is proposed, where only quantized signals are assumed to be available. This approach is based on the integral sliding mode (ISM) method where two kinds of integral sliding surfaces are constructed. One is the continuous-state-dependent surface with the aim of sliding mode stability analysis and the other is the quantization-state-dependent surface, which is used for ISM controller design. A scheme that combines the adaptive ISM controller and quantization parameter adjustment strategy is then proposed. Through utilizing $\mathcal {H}_\infty $ control analytical technique, once the system is in the sliding mode, the nature of performing disturbance attenuation and fault tolerance from the initial time can be found without requiring any fault information. Finally, the effectiveness of our proposed ISM control fault-tolerant schemes against quantization errors is demonstrated in the simulation.
Comparative study of Finn Chambers and T.R.U.E. test methodologies in detecting the relevant allergens inducing contact dermatitis.

T.R. U.E. Test is a ready-to-use patch test system, which contains 23 allergens and is the only Food and Drug Administration-approved source of allergens currently commercially available in the United States. Previously, allergens dispersed in either petrolatum or water and designed to be applied utilizing Finn Chambers were also commercially available in the United States. During a 5-year study at the University of Kansas Medical Center, 167 patients were patch tested using both Finn Chamber and T.R. U.E. Test methodologies. Discordant positive reactions were examined for clinical relevance. The Finn Chamber methodology was superior in detecting clinically relevant allergies to fragrance mix, balsam of Peru, and thiuram mix. T.R. U.E. Test performed somewhat better than the Finn Chamber in detecting relevant allergic reactions to nickel, neomycin, and methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone. Neither T.R. U.E. Test nor Finn Chamber methodologies performed optimally in detecting relevant allergies to formaldehyde and carbamates. Practitioners limited to only the T.R. U.E. Test methodology need to be aware that relevant reactions to fragrances, rubber accelerators/pesticides (carbamates and thiurams), and formaldehyde may be missed with this system.
The Visual and Beyond: Characterizing Experiences with Auditory, Haptic and Visual Data Representations

Research in sonification and physicalization have expanded data representation techniques to include senses beyond the visual. Yet, little is known of how people interpret and make sense of haptic and sonic compared to visual representations. We have conducted two phenomenologically oriented comparative studies (applying the Repertory Grid and the Micro-phenomenological interview technique) to gather in-depth accounts of people's interpretation and experience of different representational modalities that included auditory, haptic and visual variations. Our findings show a rich characterization of these different representational modalities: our visually oriented representations engage through their familiarity, accuracy and easy interpretation, while our representations that stimulated auditory and haptic interpretation were experienced as more ambiguous, yet stimulated an engaging interpretation of data that involved the whole body. We describe and discuss in detail participants' processes of making sense and generating meaning using the modalities' unique characteristics, individually and as a group. Our research informs future research in the area of multimodal data representations from both a design and methodological perspective.
Blockade of Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling Does Not Abrogate Antiestrogen-induced Growth Inhibition of Human Breast Carcinoma Cells*

We have studied the role of autocrine transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling on antiestrogen-mediated growth inhibition of hormone-dependent T47D and MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells. Tamoxifen treatment increased the secretion of TGF-β activity into serum-free cell medium and the cellular content of affinity cross-linked type I and III TGF-β receptors in both cell lines. Anti-pan-TGF-β antibodies did not block anti-estrogen-induced recruitment in G1 and inhibition of anchorage-dependent and -independent growth of both cell lines. Early passage MCF-7 cells, which exhibit detectable type II TGF-β receptors at the cell surface and exquisite sensitivity to exogenous TGF-β1, were transfected with a tetracycline-controllable dominant-negative TGF-βRII (ΔRII) construct. Although the TGF-β1 response was blocked by removal of tetracycline in MCF-7/ΔRII cells, tamoxifen-mediated suppression of Rb phosphorylation, recruitment in G1, and inhibition of cell proliferation were identical in the presence and absence of tetracycline. TGF-β1 treatment up-regulated the Cdk inhibitor p21 and induced its association with Cdk2 in MCF-7 cells; these responses were blocked by the ΔRII transgene product. In MCF-7 cells with a functional TGF-β signaling pathway, tamoxifen did not up-regulate p21 nor did it induce association of p21 with Cdk2, suggesting alternative mechanisms for antiestrogen-mediated cytostasis. Finally, transfection of late-passage, TGF-β1 unresponsive MCF-7 cells with high levels of TGF-βRII restored TGF-β1-induced growth inhibition but did not enhance tamoxifen response in culture. Taken together these data strongly argue against any role for TGF-β signaling on tamoxifen-mediated growth inhibition of hormone-dependent breast cancer cells.
Expression of P53 protein in normal, dysplastic, and malignant gastric mucosa: An immunohistochemical study

Mutations in the p53 nuclear oncogene are the most frequent genetic abnormalities encountered in human malignancies. Using the polyclonal antibody CM‐1, we have examined the expression of the p53 oncoprotein immunohistochemically in archival material of normal, dysplastic, and malignant gastric mucosa. Abnormal expression of this protein was not observed in biopsies of normal gastric tissue (n=30) but was detected in 22 of the 36 gastric cancers analysed (61 per cent). Nuclear staining was diffuse in 15 of the positive cancer cases, the remaining seven showing a more varied heterogeneous staining pattern. Abnormal p53 protein was not detected in mild (n=14) or moderate (n=16) gastric dysplasia but was present in 3 out of 15 severe dysplasia cases. The results suggest that expression of the p53 oncoprotein is a common finding in gastric cancer and occurs as a late event in the malignant transformation process.
Theoretical Explanations for the Inverted-U Change of Historical Energy Intensity

Historical experience shows that the economy-wide energy intensity develops nonmonotonically like an inverted U, which still lacks direct theoretical explanations. Based on a model of structural change driven by technological differences, this paper provides an attempt to explore the underlying mechanisms of energy intensity change and thus to explain the above empirical regularity accompanied by structural transformation, through introducing a nested constant elasticity of substitution production function with heterogeneous elasticities of substitution. According to some reasonable assumptions, this extended model not only describes the typical path of structural change but also depicts the inverted-U development of economy-wide energy intensity. With the availability of Swedish historical data, we take calibration and simulation exercises which confirm the theoretical predictions. Furthermore, we find that: (1) elasticities of substitution may affect the shapes and peak periods of the inverted-U curves, which can explain to a certain extent the heterogeneous transitions of economy-wide energy intensity developments in different economies; and (2) over long periods of time, the economy-wide energy intensity determined by the initial industrial structure and sectoral energy intensity tends to grow upward, while structure change among sectors provides a driving force on reshaping this trend and turning it downward.