Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Explicit, Characteristic-Free, Equivariant Homology Equivalence Between Koszul Complexes

Let E and G be free modules of rank e and g, respectively, over a commutative noetherian ring R. The identity map on E*⊗ G induces the Koszul complex and its dual Let H𝒩(m,n,p) be the homology of the top complex at Sym m E*⊗ Sym n G⊗ ∧ p (E*⊗ G) and Hℳ(m,n,p) the homology of the bottom complex at D m E⊗ D n G*⊗ ∧ p (E⊗ G*). It is known that H𝒩(m,n,p)≅ Hℳ(m′, n′, p′), provided m + m′ = g − 1, n + n′ = e − 1, p + p′ = (e − 1)(g − 1), and 1 − e ≤ m − n ≤ g − 1. In this article, we exhibit a complex 𝕐 and explicit quasi-isomorphisms from 𝕐 to two complexes, as described above, for the appropriate choice of parameters, which give rise to this isomorphism. Our quasi-isomorphisms may be formed over the ring of integers; they can be passed to an arbitrary ring or field by base change. All of our work is equivariant under the action of the group GL(E) × GL(G); that is, everything we do is independent of the choice of basis. Knowledge of the homology of the top complex is equivalent to knowledge of the modules in the resolution of the Segre module Segre(e,g, ℓ), for ℓ = m − n. The modules {Segre (e,g, ℓ)|ℓ ∈ ℤ} are a set of representatives of the divisor class group of the determinantal ring defined by the 2 × 2 minors of an e × g matrix of indeterminates. If R is the ring of integers, then the homology H𝒩(m,n,p) is not always a free abelian group. In other words, if R is a field, then the dimension of H𝒩(m,n,p) depends on the characteristic of R. The module H𝒩(m,n,p) is known when R is a field of characteristic zero; however, this module is not yet known over arbitrary fields. The modules in the minimal resolution of the universal ring for finite length modules of projective dimension two are equal to modules of the form H𝒩(m,n,p).
Neurokinin 1 Receptor Signaling Affects the Local Innate Immune Defense against Genital Herpes Virus Infection1

We show that genital infection with neurotropic HSV type 2 (HSV-2) induced a significant increase of the neuropeptide substance P (SP) within the genital tract of mice. SP was shown to weakly interfere with the HSV-2 replication. Furthermore, lack of SP signaling through the use of mice deficient in the SP receptor, neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R), revealed an important role for SP in the innate defense against HSV-2. NK1R-deficient mice had significantly enhanced levels of HSV-2 in the genital tract and in the CNS following infection and a significantly accelerated disease progression, which was associated with an impaired NK cell activity locally in the vagina. Lack of NK1R signaling did, however, not impair the animals’ ability to mount a protective immune response to HSV-2 following vaccination with an attenuated virus. Both NK1R+/+ and NK1R−/− mice developed strong HSV-2-specific Th1 T cell responses following vaccination. No genital viral replication was observed in either vaccinated NK1R-deficient or NK1R+/+ control animals following a genital HSV-2 challenge, and all of these animals survived without any symptoms of disease. In conclusion, the present results indicate that SP and NK1R signaling contributes to the innate resistance against HSV-2 infection in mice.
Cigarette marketing and packaging.

Opponents to the implementation of mandatory graphic warning labels on cigarette packages cite infringement of free commercial speech, claim that the health harms are already known, and say that including the warnings is expensive. It is imperative that these arguments be weighed against the nearly 400,000 smoking-attributable deaths in the U.S. annually.
A statewide assessment of electronic health record adoption and health information exchange among nursing homes.

OBJECTIVE To determine rates of electronic health record (EHR) adoption and health information exchange (HIE) among New York State (NYS) nursing homes. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING Primary data collected from a novel survey administered between November 2011 and March 2012 to all NYS nursing homes. STUDY DESIGN We used a cross-sectional study design to assess level of EHR implementation, automation of key functionalities, participation in HIE, and barriers to adoption. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS We used descriptive statistics to characterize rates of EHR adoption and participation in HIE and logistic regression to identify nursing home characteristics associated with EHR adoption and HIE. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We received responses from 375 of 632 nursing homes (59.3 percent). Of respondents, almost one in five (n=66, 18.0 percent) reported having a fully implemented and operational EHR and a majority (n=192, 54.4 percent) reported electronically exchanging information. Nursing homes with 100-159 beds were significantly less likely than other facilities to have implemented or be in the process of implementing an EHR (p=.011). CONCLUSIONS Our findings present an important systematic look at EHR adoption and HIE by NYS nursing homes. Although the nursing home sector has been reported to lag in health information technology adoption, our results are encouraging. However, they suggest much room for growth and highlight the need for targeted initiatives to achieve more widespread adoption in this important health care sector.
The Gnomic qatal

The present paper offers a cognitive and typological approximation to the problem of the gnomic qatal. It demonstrates that the gnomic sense of the qatal can be chained to the remaining semantic potential of the gram by making use of certain typological templates or universals, i.e. by so-called gnomic branches of the anterior path. Given that, from a cross-linguistic perfective, certain subtypes of a present perfect (inclusive, frequentative, and experiential perfects, as well as an anti-perfect) naturally generate gnomic extensions (following a development referred to as “gnomic branches”), that the dominant portion of the semantic potential of the qatal covers the domain of a perfect, and finally that all the examples of the BH gnomic qatal (if derived from active roots) may be viewed as generated in prototypical perfect contexts (the gnomic use of the qatal stems from its use as an inclusive, frequentative, experiential, and anti-perfect), the gnomic value of the gram may be cognitively (both conceptually and diachronically) chained to the remaining sphere of its semantic network by employing the “gnomic branch” linkage. In this manner, the gnomic value ceases to be aberrant and, on the contrary, becomes a fully rational component of the semantic potential of the gram. As a result, we propose a model (a map) that in a more consistent and more holistic manner represents the semantics of the entire qatal category; it accounts for all the senses, the gnomic values included.
Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (s-ICAM-1/s-CD54) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: association with clinical characteristics and outcome.

BACKGROUND High serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(s-ICAM-1/s-CD54) have been associated with adverse clinical features and poor outcome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, but their value in the different subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has not been well addressed. PATIENTS AND METHODS Our aim was to study the serum levels of s-ICAM-1 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and to correlate them with clinical characteristics and outcome. We analyzed the serum levels of s-ICAM-1 in a series of 55 patients with DLBCL diagnosed in a single institution. s-ICAM-1 levels were quantified by an immunoenzymatic assay. Median age was 62 years (range 22-96); 29 (53%) were male. Twenty-eight (51%) presented with advanced clinical stage (III/IV), 32 (58%) had extranodal involvement, 28 (51%) had high serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and 23 (43%) had high beta2-microglobulin levels. All patients received anthracycline-containing regimens. Correlation between clinical variables and s-ICAM-1 levels were tested with the Mann-Whitney U-test and survival was plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method, and curves compared with the log-rank test. RESULTS Serum levels of s-ICAM-1 were significantly increased in patients with DLBCL compared with normal controls (589 +/- 487 versus 279 +/- 65 ng/ml, respectively; P <0.001). Higher levels of s-ICAM-1 were present in patients with B symptoms, advanced stage and increased LDH and beta2-microglobulin. s-ICAM-1 levels also correlated with achievement of a complete response. Patients with s-ICAM-1 over 668 ng/ml had a shorter time to treatment failure (TTF) (3-year TTF, 59% versus 20%, respectively; P = 0.01) and overall survival (OS) (3-year OS, 58% versus 22%, respectively; P = 0.04) than the remainders. When only low and low-intermediate risk patients in the international prognostic index score were considered, those with s-ICAM-1 over 668 ng/ml also had worse TTF and OS. CONCLUSIONS In DLBCL, s-ICAM-1 levels correlated with high tumor burden and lymphoma dissemination and may contribute to assessment of prognosis.
[Evaluation of frequency human papillomavirus infections during pregnancy].

OBJECTIVES The frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection was estimated among pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cervical smears were obtained from 50 patients treated in the Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, University Medical School of Lublin. They were investigated for the presence of HPV DNA. For the above purpose Digene Hybrid Capture method was used. RESULTS HPV DNA was detected in the 4 (8%) of 50 patients. One of them had mixed infection low and high risk types of HPV, the other--high risk types of HPV infections. CONCLUSIONS 1. HPV DNA was detected in 8% of the patients, in all cases high risk types of HPV was found. 2. The diabetic patients seem to be more vulnerable to HPV infection during pregnancy.
AEROBIC ENERGY EXPENDITURE AND INTENSITY PREDICTION DURING A SPECIFIC CIRCUIT WEIGHT TRAINING: A PILOT STUDY

During circuit weight training (CWT), workloads, index of intensity as well as estimation of energy expenditure (EE) have been under estimated. The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate physiological variables and gender related differences, including intensity prediction and EE, during CWT at different intensities. Twenty six subjects were assessed in a CWT, fourteen men and twelve women. The CWT program was performed at six different intensities, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 85% of 15RM. Seven exercises made up the circuit: sitting bench press, leg press, lat pull down, shoulder press, hamstring curl, biceps curl, and triceps cable push downs. A polar heart rate monitor and a portable metabolic system were used to measure heart rate (HR), intensity measured relative to the HR reserve, cardiorespiratory variables, EE and EE relative to muscle mass (EEMM). Differences between genders were observed at the following variables: HR, intensity measured relative to the HR reserve (in percentage), VO2, VCO2, VE, RER, aerobic EE and EEMM. The EE was significantly higher in men during the six intensities, but differences did not exist for EEMM from 70% to 85%. In addition HR, load and body weight were used to predict intensity and two gender specific equations were obtained for men and women [I (%) = 57.265 + 0.512HR - 0.696HRmax + 1.035 Loadavg + 0.188 Body Weight (R 2 =0.92; SEE=4.9%) for men; I (%) = 4.036 + 0.412HR% + 1.667 Loadavg (R2=0.79; SEE=7.7%) for women]. Thus, we conclude that gender related differences are present during CWT for EE, even when expressed relative to muscle mass, in addition HR, work load and body weight can estimate the intensity during CWT.
Bayesian Optimization for Optimizing Retrieval Systems

The effectiveness of information retrieval systems heavily depends on a large number of hyperparameters that need to be tuned. Hyperparameters range from the choice of different system components, e.g., stopword lists, stemming methods, or retrieval models, to model parameters, such as k1 and b in BM25, or the number of query expansion terms. Grid and random search, the dominant methods to search for the optimal system configuration, lack a search strategy that can guide them in the hyperparameter space. This makes them inefficient and ineffective. In this paper, we propose to use Bayesian Optimization to jointly search and optimize over the hyperparameter space. Bayesian Optimization, a sequential decision making method, suggests the next most promising configuration to be tested on the basis of the retrieval effectiveness of configurations that have been examined so far. To demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of Bayesian Optimization we conduct experiments on TREC collections, and show that Bayesian Optimization outperforms manual tuning, grid search and random search, both in terms of retrieval effectiveness of the configuration found, and in terms of efficiency in finding this configuration.
Long-term survival and prognostic factors in patients with metastatic gastric cancers treated with chemotherapy in the Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) study.

BACKGROUND The long-term survival of patients after chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer remains unclear. The aim of this analysis was to investigate prognostic factors for patients with metastatic gastric cancer treated by chemotherapy, and to identify the characteristics of long-term survivors. METHODS Six hundred and forty three patients were enrolled in four phase II studies and one phase III study by the Japan Clinical Oncology Group between January 1985 and April 1997. By adjusting patients' eligibility between the five studies, 497 patients (77%) were selected for the analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using log-rank tests and Cox's proportional hazard model, respectively. RESULTS Of the 497 patients analyzed, 39 (8%) and 11 (2%) patients have survived longer than 2 and 5 years, respectively. By multivariate analysis, better performance status, a small number of metastatic sites and macroscopically non-scirrhous type tumors were significantly associated with better prognosis. Characteristics of the 11 5-year survivors revealed eight with para-aortic node metastases alone. Eight of these patients received gastrectomy; four underwent it before chemotherapy, and the other four patients received it after achieving downstaging with successful chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that better performance status, a small number of metastatic sites and macroscopically non-scirrhous type tumors are independent favorable factors for survival. There were a few 5-year survivors with unresectable gastric cancers, most of whom had only abdominal lymph node metastases and received gastrectomy before or after chemotherapy.
Feasibility of clinical psychosocial screening in pediatric oncology: Implementing the PAT2.0

ABSTRACT This study examined the feasibility of implementing the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT2.0) from the perspectives of families and health-care providers (HCPs). PAT2.0 data were collected from 104 families. Individual and focus group interviews were conducted with HCPs. Parents reported that the PAT2.0 was brief and easy to complete. HCPs' perspectives on the utility of the PAT2.0 were mixed and varied according to clinical roles. A major perceived benefit was the PAT2.0 as a communication tool. Barriers included timing and an increased workload for social workers. Psychosocial screening represents a significant practice change for oncology HCPs and is an important area of ongoing research.
A comparative study of obstetric outcome of patients with pregnancy induced hypertension: economic considerations

Background. Hypertension in pregnancy is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the obstetric outcome of patients with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) that delivered at the Maternity Hospital Kuwait within a period of six months and evaluate the economic implications of present management strategies.
Genetic Control of T and B Lymphocyte Activation in Nonobese Diabetic Mice1

Type 1 diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice is characterized by the infiltration of T and B cells into pancreatic islets. T cells bearing the TCR Vβ3 chain are disproportionately represented in the earliest stages of islet infiltration (insulitis) despite clonal deletion of most Vβ3+ immature thymocytes by the mammary tumor virus-3 (Mtv-3) superantigen (SAg). In this report we showed that a high frequency of NOD Vβ3+ T cells that escape deletion are activated in vivo and that this phenotype is linked to the Mtv-3 locus. One potential mechanism of SAg presentation to peripheral T cells is by activated B cells. Consistent with this idea, we found that NOD mice harbor a significantly higher frequency of activated B cells than nondiabetes-prone strains. These activated NOD B cells expressed cell surface molecules consistent with APC function. At the molecular level, the IgH repertoire of activated B cells in NOD mice was equivalent to resting B cells, suggesting a polyclonal response in vivo. Genetic analysis of the activated B cell phenotype showed linkage to Idd1, the NOD MHC haplotype (H-2g7). Finally, Vβ3+ thymocyte deletion and peripheral T cell activation did not require B cells, suggesting that other APC populations are sufficient to generate both Mtv-3-linked phenotypes. These data provide insight into the genetic regulation of NOD autoreactive lymphocyte activation that may contribute to failure of peripheral tolerance and the pathogenesis of type I diabetes.
Formation of glycerol from glucose in rat brain and cultured brain cells. Augmentation with kainate or ischemia

An increase in the concentration of glycerol in the ischemic brain is assumed to reflect degradation of phospholipids of plasma membranes. However, glycerol could, theoretically, be formed from glucose, which after glycolytic conversion to dihydroxyacetone phosphate, could be converted to glycerol‐3‐phosphate and hence to glycerol. We show here that 13C‐labeled glycerol accumulate in incubation media of cultured cerebellar granule cells and astrocytes incubated with [13C]glucose, 3 mmol/L, demonstrating the formation of glycerol from glucose. Co‐incubation of cerebellar granule cells with kainate, 50 µmol/L, led to increased glucose metabolism and increased accumulation of [13C]glycerol. Accumulation of [13C]glycerol and its precursor, [13C]glycerol‐3‐phosphate, was evident in brain, but not in serum, of kainate‐treated rats that received [U‐13C]glucose, 5 µmol/g bodyweight, intravenously and survived for 5 min. Global ischemia induced by decapitation also caused accumulation of [13C]glycerol and [13C]glycerol‐3‐phosphate. These results show that glycerol can be formed from glucose in brain; they also demonstrate the existence of a cerebral glycerol‐3‐phosphatase activity. Ischemia‐induced increases in brain glycerol may, in part, reflect an altered metabolism of glucose, in which glycerol formation, like lactate formation, acts as a redox sink.
CRIP1a inhibits endocytosis of G‐protein coupled receptors activated by endocannabinoids and glutamate by a common molecular mechanism

The excitability of the central nervous system depends largely on the surface density of neurotransmitter receptors. The endocannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) and the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGlu8R are expressed pre‐synaptically where they reduce glutamate release into the synaptic cleft. Recently, the CB1R interacting protein cannabinoid receptor interacting protein 1a (CRIP1a) was identified and characterized to regulate CB1R activity in neurons. However, underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we identified a common mechanism used by CRIP1a to regulate the cell surface density of two different types of G‐protein coupled receptors, CB1R and mGlu8aR. Five amino acids within the CB1R C‐terminus were required and sufficient to reduce constitutive CB1R endocytosis by about 72% in the presence of CRIP1a. Interestingly, a similar sequence is present in mGlu8aR and consistently, endocytosis of mGlu8aR depended on CRIP1a, as well. Docking analysis and molecular dynamics simulations identified a conserved serine in CB1R (S468) and mGlu8aR (S894) that forms a hydrogen bond with the peptide backbone of CRIP1a at position R82. In contrast to mGlu8aR, the closely related mGlu8bR splice‐variant carries a lysine (K894) at this position, and indeed, mGlu8bR endocytosis was not affected by CRIP1a. Chimeric constructs between CB1R, mGlu8aR, and mGlu8bR underline the role of the identified five CRIP1a sensitive amino acids. In summary, we suggest that CRIP1a negatively regulates endocytosis of two different G‐protein coupled receptor types, CB1R and mGlu8aR.
FISI LOGIC: Una nueva herramienta para sistemas de inferencia borroso

El presente articulo tiene como objetivo presentar el sistema software denominado FISI Logic, desarrollado por los alumnos del curso Sistemas Inteligentes de la Facultad de Ingenieria de Sistemas e Informatica de la UNMSM durante el semestre 2009-2 bajo la supervision del profesor del curso. El proyecto consistio en el diseno y la construccion de una herramienta computacional de proposito general y de licencia libre para implementar Sistemas de Inferencia Borroso (SIB), obteniendose como resultado la primera version del aplicativo (version alfa), la que a su vez servira de base para futuros desarrollos. FISI Logic permite el modelado de sistemas Mamdani y Sugeno con sus respectivos metodos de inferencia borrosa. Su estructura esta compuesta por cuatro modulos (Creacion de variables de entrada y salida, Creacion de la base de reglas borrosas y borrosificacion, Mecanismo de Inferencia y Desborrosificacion), integrados mediante una interfaz de usuario amigable; permite la resolucion de problemas con variables cuyo universo es continuo. El sistema software ha sido implementado en la plataforma Java y MySQL como gestor de Base de Datos. Con resultados contrastados con el caso de estudio presentado en [19], se valido el sistema FISI Logic.
raf/myc-infected erythroid cells are restricted in their ability to terminally differentiate

A comparison was made of the in vitro erythroid colony-forming abilities of v-raf-, v-myc-, and v-raf/v-myc-containing retroviruses. In methylcellulose, v-raf efficiently produced colonies of well-differentiated hemoglobin-synthesizing erythroid cells, whereas v-raf/v-myc-infected erythroid cells were inhibited from terminally differentiating but retained the ability to replicate extensively. In contrast, v-myc was unable to stimulate the formation of erythroid colonies.
The Multibasic Cleavage Site of the Hemagglutinin of Highly Pathogenic A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1) Avian Influenza Virus Acts as a Virulence Factor in a Host-Specific Manner in Mammals

ABSTRACT Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5 and H7 subtypes typically possess multiple basic amino acids around the cleavage site (MBS) of their hemagglutinin (HA) protein, a recognized virulence motif in poultry. To determine the importance of the H5 HA MBS as a virulence factor in mammals, recombinant wild-type HPAI A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1) viruses that possessed (H5N1) or lacked (ΔH5N1) the H5 HA MBS were generated and evaluated for their virulence in BALB/c mice, ferrets, and African green monkeys (AGMs) (Chlorocebus aethiops). The presence of the H5 HA MBS was associated with lethality, significantly higher virus titers in the respiratory tract, virus dissemination to extrapulmonary organs, lymphopenia, significantly elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and inflammation in the lungs of mice and ferrets. In AGMs, neither H5N1 nor ΔH5N1 virus was lethal and neither caused clinical symptoms. The H5 HA MBS was associated with mild enhancement of replication and delayed virus clearance. Thus, the contribution of H5 HA MBS to the virulence of the HPAI H5N1 virus varies among mammalian hosts and is most significant in mice and ferrets and less remarkable in nonhuman primates.