Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus is not necessary for food‐anticipatory circadian rhythms of behavior, temperature or clock gene expression in mice

Circadian rhythms in mammals are regulated by a light‐entrainable circadian pacemaker in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus and food‐entrainable oscillators located elsewhere in the brain and body. The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH) has been proposed to be the site of oscillators driving food‐anticipatory circadian rhythms, but this is controversial. To further evaluate this hypothesis, we measured clock gene, temperature and activity rhythms in intact and DMH‐ablated mice. A single 4‐h midday feeding after an overnight fast induced mPer1 and mPer2 mRNA expression in the DMH, arcuate nucleus, nucleus of the solitary tract and area postrema, and reset daily rhythms of mPer1, mPer2 and mBMAL1 in the DMH, arcuate and neocortex. These rhythms persisted during 2 days of food deprivation after 12 days of scheduled daytime feeding. Acute induction of DMH mPer1 and mPer2 was N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor‐dependent, whereas rhythmic expression after 6 days of restricted feeding was not. Thermal DMH lesions did not affect acute induction or rhythmic expression of clock genes in other brain regions in response to scheduled daytime feeding. DMH lesions attenuated mean daily activity levels and nocturnality but did not affect food‐anticipatory rhythms of activity and body temperature in either light–dark or constant darkness. These results confirm that the DMH and other brain regions express circadian clock gene rhythms sensitive to daytime feeding schedules, but do not support the hypothesis that DMH oscillations drive food‐anticipatory behavioral or temperature rhythms.
Current perspectives on fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia – increasing clinical concerns and new treatment opportunities

Differences in platelet type between the fetus and the mother can lead to maternal immunization and destruction of the fetal platelets, a condition named fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT). FNAIT is reported to occur in ~1 per 1,000 live born neonates. The major risk is intracranial hemorrhage in the fetus or newborn, which is associated with severe neurological complications or death. Since no countries have yet implemented a screening program to detect pregnancies at risk, the diagnosis is typically established after the birth of a child with symptoms. Reports on broader clinical impact have increased clinical concern and awareness. Along with new treatment options for FNAIT, the debate around antenatal screening to detect pregnancies at risk of FNAIT has been revitalized.
Getting Smart

We live in a very critical and exciting time in the evolution of the electric power industry. Society in general and the power industry in particular are faced with the challenges and opportunities of transforming the power grid ushered in by Nicola Tesla some 120 years ago into a smart grid. A smart grid will help the world manage demand growth, conserve energy, maximize asset utilization, improve grid security and reliability, and reduce its carbon footprint. Smart grid technology is not a single silver bullet but a collection of existing and emerging standards-based, interoperable technologies working together. Controllable technologies for supply, demand, power flow, and storage provide the means to implement decisions made by smart control algorithms and thus create value. ABB already provides its customers with many of the smart grid technologies described here and continues to research and develop power control technologies as well as smart grid applications.
Cerebral arteriovenous malformation draining vein stenosis is associated with atherosclerotic risk factors

Objective The pathogenesis of venous outflow stenosis associated with cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) draining veins is poorly understood. We sought to determine the relationship between venous stenosis and atherosclerotic risk factors. Materials and methods All patients with an AVM seen at our institution between 1990 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients <18 years of age were excluded. Patients were classified into two groups based on the presence or absence of venous stenosis. Patient charts were reviewed for the following atherosclerotic risk factors: age >50 years, sex, race, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease stage III, and cigarette smoking. The relationship between venous stenosis and atherosclerotic risk factors was assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results 278 patients were included (mean age 41 years, 55% men). Venous stenosis was present in 87 patients (31% of the cohort). The presence of venous stenosis was significantly associated with age >50 years (P=0.05), hypertension (P=0.05), diabetes (P=0.02), and hyperlipidemia (P=0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that hyperlipidemia (P=0.05) was predictive of draining vein stenosis. Conclusions Venous stenosis is associated with several atherosclerotic risk factors, suggesting that cerebral AVM venous outflow stenosis occurs by a degenerative process. Additional studies can show whether these modifiable risk factors may be targeted to prevent draining vein stenosis and AVM rupture.
Increased cortical excitability in human deception

&NA; Deception is a cognitive process in humans and animals which is not well understood. Most studies on lie detection have focused on emotional components associated with deception. We employed transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex in conjunction with a constrained question answer protocol for the first time to show increased cortical excitability in generating deceptive responses, in contrast with truthful responses. This may be due to increased cognitive activity in the motor and premotor connections. Our findings corroborate functional imaging studies and may have future implications in evaluating lie detection.
Abnormalities in lung elastic properties and surfactant function in adult respiratory distress syndrome.

We have examined the lungs from five patients who died with the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Pressure volume curves were obtained and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was studied on a surface balance. The pressure volume curves revealed reduced compliance compared to normal or near normal lungs. A significant loss of volume was also found. The data obtained from the surface balance studies show a normal range of minimum surface tension when compared to "normals," but the ARDS lung lavage fluid revealed an increase in surface film compressibility relative to "normal. " The increased compressibility may be an important factor contributing to the stiff lungs of patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome.
Becoming Physics People: Development of Integrated Physics Identity through the Learning Assistant Experience

[This paper is part of the Focused Collection on Preparing and Supporting University Physics Educators. ] In this study, we analyze the experience of students in the Physics Learning Assistant (LA) program at Texas State University in terms of the existing theoretical frameworks of community of practice and physics identity, and explore the implications suggested by these theories for LA program adoption and adaptation. Regression models from physics identity studies show that the physics identity construct strongly predicts intended choice of a career in physics. The goal of our current project is to understand the details of the impacts of participation in the LA experience on participants’ practice and selfconcept, in order to identify critical elements of LA program structure that positively influence physics identity and physics career intentions for students. Our analysis suggests that participation in the LA program impacts LAs in ways that support both stronger “physics student” identity and stronger “physics instructor” identity, and that these identities are reconciled into a coherent integrated physics identity. Increased comfort in interactions with peers, near peers, and faculty seems to be an important component of this identity development and reconciliation, suggesting that a focus on supporting community membership is useful for effective program design.
Gluconic acid production by bacteria to liberate phosphorus from insoluble phosphate complexes

Ten indigenous bacterial isolates were identified as efficient mineral phosphate solubilisers namely 7 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 2 strains of Enterobacter aerogenes and 1 strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All the ten strains were able to dissolve calcium phosphate (Ca-P), ferric phosphate (Fe-P) and aluminium phosphate (Al-P) efficiently. STMPSB 8 (Klebsiella pneumoniae) could be designated as the best mineral P solubiliser for all the three insoluble mineral phosphates as it exhibited high solubilisation capacity for Ca-P, Fe-P and Al-P whereas STMPSB 6 (Enterobacter aerogenes), STMPSB 4 (Enterobacter aerogenes) and STMPSB 8 (Klebsiella pneumonia) were regarded as good gluconic acid producing bacteria. A strong correlation of 0.795, significant at the level of 0.01 was observed between gluconic acid concentration and calcium phosphate solubilisation. The detection of pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq C) gene in eight of the bacterial isolates indicates that direct oxidation pathway was used during the biosynthesis of gluconic acid with the aid of pyrroloquinoline quinone cofactor.
Development of quantitative structure-metabolism (QSMR) relationships for substituted anilines based on computational chemistry

Abstract 1. A novel stepwise classification approach for predicting the metabolic fate of substituted anilines, based on calculated physicochemical parameters of the parent anilines, was developed. Based on multivariate pattern recognition methods (PLS-DA or soft independent modelling of class analogy [SIMCA]), these models allowed prediction of N-acetylation and subsequent N-oxanilic acid formation. These classification methods provided an improved classification success when compared with existing quantitative structure-metabolism relationship models for substituted anilines. 2. Modelling the physicochemical properties of the N-acetylated compounds was considered as an addition to the stepwise model. Inclusion of parameters describing the N-acetyl moiety had little effect on the predictive ability of a stepwise parent to N-acetyl to N-oxanilic acid PLS-DA model, and had a negative impact on that of SIMCA models. This was attributed to the relatively small contribution to the total parameter variance caused by differences arising as a result of N-acetylation compared to the contribution made by the substituent effects. 3. Calculation of physicochemical properties incorporating the effect of solvation using ab initio methods improved the classification model in terms of both the visual separation in multivariate projections and prediction accuracy.
Amitriptyline in the Prophylaxis of Central Poststroke Pain: Preliminary Results of 39 Patients in a Placebo-Controlled, Long-Term Study

Background and Purpose— We performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled study to investigate the effectiveness of amitriptyline for the prophylactic treatment of patients with acute thalamic stroke in preventing central poststroke pain. Methods— Subject received, in a randomized sequence, either amitriptyline titrated from 10 to 75 mg in extended-release form or placebo over a therapy period of 365 days. We documented the time when pain developed; the intensity, type, site, and distribution of pain; and the presence/absence and type of allodynia. Results— Thirty-nine patients (23 women and 16 men; age range, 36 to 68 years) with central poststroke pain participated. The placebo group showed a pain rate of 21% within 1 year after the diagnosis of thalamic stroke compared with 17% in the group under prophylactic treatment with amitriptyline. Average (SE) time to pain was 318 (23) days for patients in the placebo group and 324 (24) days for patients in the amitriptyline group. Conclusions— With the achieved sample sizes of this study and a pain rate of approximately 21% in the placebo group, any near-perfect pain protection would have been detected. Near-perfect pain protection, in this context, refers to pain in <2.4% of the recruited patients treated with amitriptyline or in approximately 89% of placebo-treated patients. Larger studies are recommended to test the hypothesis that prophylactic amitriptyline reduces but does not completely prevent central poststroke pain.
The biochemical protective role of some herbs against aflatoxicosis in ducklings: II. Nigella sativa.

Objective Our study was aimed to study the adverse effects of aflatoxin on some biochemical parameters in serum and liver of duckling as well as to evaluate the possible protective effects of Nigella sativa crushed seeds against the adverse effects of aflatoxin. Moreover, this experiment was extended to explore if these herb can decrease the production of aflatoxin in vitro by Aspergillus flavus toxigenic strain. Design in vitro and in vivo experimentation, serum parameters, malondialdhyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and aflatoxin residues. Results Aflatoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus toxigenic strain was selected as a potent and widely distributed hepatotoxin that induces much health and economic hazards in animal and human. Aspergillus flavus was cultivated on rice to produce the aflatoxin used in the present study. Ducklings were allotted to control, aflatoxin treated, Nigella sativa and aflatoxin and Nigella sativa groups. Total proteins, albumin, globulins, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (EC 2.6.1.1) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (EC 2.6.1.2), cholesterol and triacylglycerols were measured in serum. The levels of hepatic Malondialdhyde and Glutathione level, Glutathione S-transferase (GST) (EC: 2.5.1.18) activity, aflatoxin residues and histopathological changes were also measured. The obtained results suggest that the addition of Nigella sativa to duckling’s ration has a protective effect against aflatoxicosis. Conclusions From the obtained results, it can conclude that aflatoxin has hepatotoxic effects through decrease of total proteins, albumin, glutathione and glutathione S-transferase. Moreover, increase ALT, AST, cholesterol, triacylglycerols and lipid peroxidation levels. In addition, aflatoxin induced histopathological changes of liver and residues of aflatoxin were measured. While, addition of Nigella sativa to duckling's diet were induced a protective effect against aflatoxicosis. So, we advice to use Nigella sativa as a feed additive to control aflatoxicosis in poultry farms.
Studies in Conservation

The Journal of the International Institute for the Conservation of Museum Objects, Vol. 1, No. 1, October, 1952. (London : Thomas Nelson & Sons, Ltd.) Price 21s. each number. In introducinga new journal something should be said to justify an addition to the ever growing list now confronting any scientist. For Studies in Conservation it may at the outset be claimed that it is the only journal covering specifically the application of science to the study of archaeological objects and works of art, for which there has been no medium since Technical Studies in the Field of the Fine Arts ceased to appear in 1942.
Microglia and macrophages in human glioblastomas: A morphological and immunohistochemical study

Glioblastomas (GBMs), a type of highly malignant brain tumour, contain various macrophages/microglia that are known as tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs). These TAMs have various roles in tumour biology. Histopathological aspects of TAMs and associations with tumour growth assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are poorly described. In the present study, 16 patients that had sufficient tumour tissue and histological hallmarks were examined. The tumours were classified as either slow- (n=7) or fast-growing (n=9) based on the segmented tumour volumes from MRI scans taken at diagnosis and preoperatively. Using cluster of differentiation (CD)68 and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) antibodies, the number, morphology, localization and distribution of TAMs in the GBM tissue were studied. TAMs were significantly more immunoreactive for anti-Iba1 (TAMsIba1) compared with anti-CD68 (TAMsCD68; P<0.001). In central tumour areas and around vessels in the infiltration zone there were more TAMsCD68 in slow-growing tumours (P=0.003 and P=0.025, respectively). Central tumour areas contained more TAMs compared with the infiltration zone (P=0.001 for TAMsCD68 and P<0.001 for TAMsIba1). The majority of TAMs exhibited a ramified phenotype in the infiltration zone, whereas central TAMs were mostly amoeboid. TAMs were present in high numbers in most regions of the tumour, whereas there were few in necrotic areas. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated and confirmed that the high numbers of TAMs in GBMs assume a range of morphologies consistent with various activation states, and that slow-growing GBMs seem to contain a TAM-population different to their fast-growing counterparts.
Extensive Histological and Cytological Survey of Patients with Acute Leukaemia in “Complete Remission”*

volunteers, and a British strain in doses ranging from 10' to 106 EID.0 to 30 volunteers. One month later 75 of the vaccinated volunteers were given 104 EID50 of the British vaccine. In addition, 55 volunteers with neutralizing antibody were given 107 EID50 of the Iksha vaccine by drops or spray, and 53 volunteers were given the same dose of vaccine inactivated with formalin. Of the volunteers without antibody 41% had mild respiratory symptoms after the first dose, and 8% after the challenging dose; 9% of the volunteers with antibody who were given live vaccine had similar symptoms. Virus was recovered from 25% of the volunteers without antibody after the first dose of vaccine, and from 5 % after the challenging dose. Immediately before the challenging dose of vaccine 21% of the volunteers showed fourfold or greater haemagglutination-inhibition antibody response and 21 % a complement-fixation response; two weeks after the challenging dose the proportions were 29% and 19%, respectively. A much higher proportion of volunteers showed an antibody response after live than after inactivated vaccine. A dose of 10' EID50 of the British vaccine gave similar results to that of 106 or 107 EID50 of the Iksha vaccine. Except perhaps in volunteers with antibody there was little difference in efficacy of administration by nasal drops or spray.
Comparison between Fetal Endoscopic Tracheal Occlusion Using a 1.0-mm Fetoscope and Prenatal Expectant Management in Severe Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Objectives: To evaluate if fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO) for severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) using a 1.0-mm fetoscope improves neonatal outcome. Method: Between January 2006 and December 2008, a controlled study was conducted at a single center in which FETO was proposed for fetuses with severe isolated CDH (lung-to-head ratio <1.0) and liver herniation to the thoracic cavity but no other detectable anomalies at diagnosis (<26 weeks). FETO was performed under maternal epidural and fetal intramuscular anesthesia, guided by ultrasonography and 1.0-mm fetoscope between 26 and 30 weeks. All cases submitted to FETO were delivered by ex utero intrapartum therapy procedure. Postnatal therapy was the same for both treated fetuses and controls. The primary outcome was neonatal survival (up to 28 days after birth). Results: A total of 35 women met the inclusion criteria, and in 17 of them, fetal intervention was intended. However, in 1 case, it was not possible to insert the balloon inside the fetal trachea because of placental bleeding. FETO was therefore successfully performed in 16 fetuses with severe CDH. Eighteen cases received no prenatal intervention and served as the control group. Mean gestational age at diagnosis was similar in both groups (p > 0.05). Delivery occurred at 35.6 (range: 28–38) weeks in the FETO group and at 37.5 (range: 31–40) weeks (p = 0.18) among controls. Nine of 17 (52.9%) infants in the FETO group and 1 of 18 (5.6%) in the control group survived (p < 0.01). Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension was present in 8/17 (47.1%) infants from the FETO group and in 16/18 (88.9%) controls (p = 0.01). Conclusion: The present study shows that FETO using a 1.0-mm fetoscope is feasible and may improve neonatal outcome in severe CDH.
The Role of Health Kiosks in 2009: Literature and Informant Review

Kiosks can provide patients with access to health systems in public locations, but with increasing home Internet access their usefulness is questioned. A literature and informant review identified kiosks used for taking medical histories, health promotion, self assessment, consumer feedback, patient registration, patient access to records, and remote consultations. Sited correctly with good interfaces, kiosks can be used by all demographics but many ‘projects’ have failed to become routine practice. A role remains for: (a) integrated kiosks as part of patient ‘flow’, (b) opportunistic kiosks to catch people’s attention. Both require clear ‘ownership’ to succeed.
Flucloxacillin, a New Isoxazolyl Penicillin, Compared with Oxacillin, Cloxacillin, and Dicloxacillin

Flucloxacillin, a new isoxazole penicillin, is active against penicillinase-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus and is well absorbed in man after oral and intramuscular administration. Compared with isoxazole penicillins in current clinical use—namely, oxacillin, cloxacillin, and dicloxacillin—flucloxacillin has proved as active against Gram-positive cocci, including penicillin-resistant staphylococci. The extent of binding of flucloxacillin to the protein of human serum was similar to that of oxacillin and cloxacillin and less than that of dicloxacillin. In man flucloxacillin given orally produced total and free serum levels higher than those obtained with oxacillin and cloxacillin; total serum levels similar to those of dicloxacillin, and free levels greater than those of dicloxacillin. Similarly, after intramuscular injection the free serum levels of flucloxacillin were higher than those of oxacillin, cloxacillin, and dicloxacillin.
Spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions. II: Uses.

Despite its inherent limitations, discussed previously (Rawlins, 1988), the UK yellow card scheme has made substantial contributions to drug safety. Although this review concentrates on the British experience, it must be stressed that other national schemes have made equally important contributions especially those in Scandinavia, Holland, Australia and New Zealand, and North America. The schemes in West Germany, Spain and France, as a result of recent changes, are likely to become more prominent in the future.
Protection of the Dutch critical infrastructures

Societies are increasingly dependent on a set of critical products and services which comprise the Critical Infrastructure (CI). Using a methodological approach, The Netherlands determined its critical products and service and analysed the critical dependencies. The relative importance of a critical product or service was determined based upon both its importance for other critical products and services, and its potential damage in case of disruption or devastation. Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) will require public-private partnerships and new governance models. This paper discusses the research approach taken including lessons learned.