Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Translation and Medicine

1. Series Editor's foreword (by Massardier-Kenney, Francoise) 2. Guest editor's preface (by Fischbach, Henry) 3. Section 1: Historical and cultural aspects of medical translation 4. Breaking the Greco-Roman mold in medical writing: The many languages of 20th century medicine (by McMorrow, Leon) 5. A contribution to the history of medical translation in Japan (by Van Hoof, Henri) 6. Some thoughts on the Spanish language in medicine (by Segura, Jack) 7. The language of medicine: A comparative ministudy of English and French (by Van Hoof, Henri) 8. Section 2: The medical translator in training 9. Who makes a better medical translator: The medically knowledgeable linguist or the linguistically knowledgeable medical professional? A physician's perspective (by O'Neill, Marla) 10. Training in medical translation wtih Emphasis on German (by Lee-Jahnke, Hannelore) 11. Student assessment by Medical specialists (by Gonzalez Davies, Maria) 12. Section 3: The medical translator at work 13. The pragmatics of medical translation: A strategy for cooperative advantage (by Reeves-Ellington, Barbara) 14. Translating and formatting medical texts for patients with low lirerary skills (by Albin, Veronica) 15. Right in the middle of it all: The US national institutes of health translation unit - An interview with unit head, Ted Crump (by Robertson, Sally) 16. On-line medical terminology (by Lynch, Clove) 17. Contributors 18. ATA Corporate members (1998) 19. ATA Institutional members (1998) 20. ATA officers and board ofdirectors (1998) 21. Recipients of the Alexander Gode Medal 22. ATA Past Presidents 23. Subject index 24. Author index
Capacidade funcional em indivduos com leso de medula espinhal

Objectives: To investigate the characteristics of individuals with spinal cord injury being treated in public hospitals, in Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, and to assess the functional independence according to the degree of injury, the time after injury and the rehabilitation. Methods: Is a cross-sectional observational study conducted from January 2003 to July 2006, comprising 22 patients being treated on these hospitals, with assessment of functional capacity through the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scale. Results: Of 22 patients who survived after hospital discharge, 91 % were men, with age from 30 to 39 years (36.4 %). The main etiology of the above-mentioned injury was an accident of traffic (50%), 11 patients (50%) presented cervical injury, 10 (45.5%) had chest injury and lumbar injury. In individuals with cervical injury the total FIM score was low, implying less functional capacity. It was observed an increase of the FIM scores with the increase of time after injury, regardless of participation in rehabilitation programs. Conclusions: The results suggest the essential aspects found in this research must be proposed in rehabilitation programs to treat the population within the studied context.
Shaping Expectations and Coordinating Attention: The Unintended Consequences of FOMC Press Conferences

In an effort to increase transparency, the chair of the Federal Reserve now holds a press conference (PC) following some, but not all, Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) announcements. Evidence from financial markets shows that investors lower their expectations of important decisions on days without PCs and that these announcements convey less price-relevant information. Correspondingly, we show that investors pay more attention to upcoming announcements with PCs. This coordination of attention can reduce welfare in models of the social value of public information. Consistent with theories of investor attention, the market risk premium is larger on days with PCs.
Radiation Exposure to Staff in a PET/CT Facility

Positron emission tomography (PET) has been playing key role in important clinical decision-making in many areas ever since its inception in the field of medical imaging. Most of the hospitals are enthusiastic for including PET in their imaging services because of its increasing application particularly in oncology. However, the occupational workers are apprehensive about the risk of higher radiation exposure in a PET facility. There is a need therefore to make the staff aware of the radiation doses they may likely get while working in this facility. We have estimated the radiation exposure to the physicians and technologists working in our PET/CT facility based on the dose rate measurement with calibrated survey meter and pocket dosimeter. The mean dose measured at the chest level per PET/CT procedure was 3.24 μSv and 0.62 μSv for the physicians and technologists respectively. The mean dose to the physicians per MBq of 18F-FDG injected was 8.76 nSv/MBq and 27.68 nSv/MBq at the chest and wrist levels respectively.
Reconstructing Medical Practice: Engagement, Professionalism and Critical Relationships in Health Care

Contents: Setting the scene The safety and quality movement Motivations for studying medicine Professionalism a " being a good doctor Colleagues or conspirators? a " doctors do not act Working with uncertainty Why doctors need their colleagues The doctor-patient relationship Doctors' alienation from the healthcare system Reconstructing medical practice Bibliography Index.
Survival Point Estimate Prediction in Matched and Non-Matched Case-Control Subsample Designed Studies

Providing information about the risk of disease and clinical factors that may increase or decrease a patient’s risk of disease is standard medical practice. Although case-control studies can provide evidence of strong associations between diseases and risk factors, clinicians need to be able to communicate to patients the age-specific risks of disease over a defined time interval for a set of risk factors. An estimate of absolute risk cannot be determined from case-control studies because cases are generally chosen from a population whose size is not known (necessary for calculation of absolute risk) and where duration of follow-up is not known (necessary for calculation of incidence). This problem can sometimes be overcome by using a nested case-control design. We have collected data on a National Cancer Institute funded population-based cohort study. This study contains a matched set of cases and controls within the cohort. This design is more cost-efficient than a full cohort study since expensive predictor variables (genomic measures, sex hormone levels, mammographic breast density) are measured on all of the cases, but on only a sample of the cohort who did not develop the outcome of interest (the controls). In addition, this design avoids the potential biases of conventional case-control studies that draw cases and controls from different populations. Importantly, the presence or absence of the outcome of interest has been established for the entire cohort within the same time period. The specifics of the sampling in our study do not adhere to the assumptions for absolute risk estimation methods previously developed in the literature. Here we introduce a novel method which provides locally efficient estimators to predict the absolute risk of a cohort from measures only taken on the matched casecontrol participants. The proposed method is evaluated using simulation studies and survival data from women with ductal carcinoma in situ, a non-invasive form of breast cancer. A generalization of the proposed method is related to other similar sampling designs such as nested case-control, case-cohort, and two-stage case-control.
The Empirics of Consumer Risk Attitudes and Genetically Modified Foods

The debate over genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and GM foods has gained greater prominence recently. However, potential health and environmental risks, lack of trust in regulatory mechanisms, social and ethical concerns associated with GM foods have led to a rejection of GM foods by some consumers worldwide. In this study, we examine consumer attitudes and purchase intentions towards GM foods, using survey data of 624 consumers in Taiwan in 2002. Survey results show that reduced use of pesticide was considered the most important benefit of GM products, and unknown health problems associated with GM foods was the most important risk concern. The results also show the majority of respondents preferred GM product labeling to be mandatory, and of positive labeling. About 45 percent of respondents conceptually accepted GM foods. Given GM food prices were lower than those of non-GM foods, however, 73 percent of respondents revealed to be potential buyers. To quantify the effect of demographic, socioeconomic, and attitudinal factors on GM food consumption, a joint probit and ordered probit model is estimated, taking account of joint decision making by consumers, i.e., if or not one is willing to purchase GM foods by paying less; and how much less to pay. The results of joint estimation, however, show the estimate of r (cross-equation correlation) is not significantly different from zero. Separate estimation results of probit model indicate that respondents who care more about GMOs and GM products issues after being informed of benefits and potential risks of GMOs and GM products, are more likely to be willing to purchase GM foods, while older consumers are less likely to be willing to make purchase of GM foods. For the ordered probit model of price premium (how much less to pay relative to non-GM foods), the parameter estimates of all socioeconomic and demographic variables are not significant. In order to better understand consumer conceptual acceptability, we formulate and estimate another ordered probit model. The estimation results show that consumers who rank unknown health risk or allergic problems as top two risk concerns or who have attained a higher educational level are less likely to conceptually accept GMOs and GM products. Key words: Genetically Modified (GM) Foods, Risk Attitudes, Market Segmentation.
Toward a New Vision of Master's Education for Teachers.

Master's degrees, as currently configured, offer teachers routes out of the classroom. The National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS) is one of the efforts to address the current focus on teacher performance and preparation, and to help with the professionalization and the upgrading of the status of teachers. While traditionally the master's degree is seen as the way to climb the ladder from teaching to a more 'attractive' occupation, the new NBPTS standards provide clear and meaningful benchmarks for a new kind of master's degree. This degree would not focus on preparing teachers to leave the classroom, but on deepening teachers' understanding of content specific pedagogy with the aim of improving student achievement and learning. NBPTS will enable teachers to work as leaders and change agents, enabling them to more effectively work both with an increasingly diverse student population and with ever increasing layers of expectations for teachers and schools. Questions and issues that are critical to this discussion are posed, as are suggestions, recommendations and issues for a future action agenda. (Contains 31 references.) (SM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.
The Chinese Warrants Bubble

In 2005-08, over a dozen put warrants traded in China went so deep out of the money that they were certain to expire worthless. Nonetheless, each warrant was traded nearly three times each day at substantially inflated prices. This bubble is unique, because the underlying stock prices make the zero warrant fundamentals publicly observable. We find evidence supporting the resale option theory of bubbles: investors overpay for a warrant hoping to resell it at an even higher price to a greater fool. Our study confirms key findings of the experimental bubble literature and provides useful implications for market development.
The Development and Psychometric Properties of A Survey to Assess Breast Knowledge and Attitudes of Adolescent Girls

ABSTRACT Background: Breast health education could alleviate breast concerns reported by adolescent girls. Purpose: This article describes the development and psychometric properties of a survey to measure knowledge in multiple aspects related to breasts, attitudes to breasts and breast issues and the likelihood of engagement with positive breast habits among adolescent girls. Methods: An 85-item, developmentally appropriate, breast survey was generated using previous research. Consultation with 13 breast experts and a focus group of 7 girls established face and content validity. Survey validity and reliability was established by item analysis with 148 girls, principal components analysis with 729 girls, confirmatory factor analysis with 921 girls, known groups validation with 15 breast experts and 18 girls, internal reliability (729 and 921 girls) and test-re test reliability (18 girls). Results: Results indicate that the final 39-item breast survey (10-subscales) is valid, reliable, and easy to administer. Discussion: Each subscale within the survey addresses adolescent girls’ specific breast concern which is consistent with the breast needs of adolescent girls. Translation to Health Education Practice: This study offers researchers and health educators a survey that can be used to inform the design of breast health education programs and determine the impact of such programs.
Issues in Professional Counsellor Training

This text considers the major issues that need to be addressed when designing and running a professional counsellor training course. The authors emphasize that good professional counsellor training integrates personal, practical and intellectual aspects of trainee functioning. Chapters discuss the nature of professional counselling training, the importance of core theoretical models, skills training, self development, client work, supervision, professional development, assessment and evaluation, and staffing issues.
Increased QRS voltage during dehydrating

AIM: To assess QRS voltage changes with lower total amount of biological fluids under ultrafiltration during hemodialysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 14 patients with chronic renal failure. An average of 2.5 +/- 0.24 liters of fluid were removed during a session. 12-lead standard ECG was continuously recorded by means of a computer-aided cardiac recorder throughout the session of hemodialysis. Changes in the amplitude of QRS waves were analyzed in each lead. RESULTS: Elevated QRS voltage was most pronounced in the anterior chest leads (v1-v4). Moreover, the potentials corresponding to the propagation of a predominant excitation front over the cardiac surface facing both the anterior chest wall--QRS+ (R wave) and the posterior chest wall--ORS-(S or Q waves) increased in most cases. Voltage changes in these leads were observed in 90% of patients, the amplitude of the waves being increased by more than 0.5 mV. CONCLUSION: During dehydration, lower chest tissue electroconductivity may cause a considerable increase in QRS voltage. This should be kept in mind while analyzing ECG data during both a session of hemodialysis and antihypertensive therapy resulting in some fluid loss, as well as in the treatment of cardiac and renal failure, leading to diminished concomitant edemas.
Assessing social impact in the field of sustainable tourism development: Evidence from Cabo Delgado (MZ)

ABSTRACT Assessing the social impact of tourism-related activities is of paramount importance to promoting sustainable development. The present study aimed to assess the social impact of a project in Cabo Delgado (MZ), designed to increase local community residents’ employability in the emerging tourism sector through the delivery of vocational training programmes, utilising a multi-phase and mixed-method design. The study comprised three different phases (before, during, and after the intervention) and took into account the perspective of a variety of stakeholders. Programmes were perceived to be effective by local operators in the tourism sector and trainees, as they enhanced their living conditions and increased their employability. International operators and tourists, however, had not yet perceived their effectiveness. This study offers a methodological framework for social impact assessment by performing a programme evaluation as an integral part of the intervention itself. This methodology can be extended to other non-tourism related contexts.
Chronic hepatitis B : an update

A recent Institute of Medicine report has concluded that 'there is a lack of knowledge and awareness about chronic viral hepatitis on the part of health-care and social-service providers, as well as among at-risk populations, members of the public, and policy-makers. Due to the insufficient understanding about the extent and seriousness of this public-health problem, inadequate public resources are being allocated to prevention, control, and surveillance programs'. It is with these concerns in mind that Dr. Tsai assembled a group of experts in this field to present their expertise in such a level, where the practicing clinicians who deal with this disease in their daily practice can understand thereby implement this knowledge into their own practice. Dr. Brian McMahon discusses the natural history of chronic hepatitis B with his vast knowledge and experience working with the high endemic population of Inuit in Alaska. Drs. Marc Ghany and Ed provide a very easy-to-understand description of HBV virology. Dr. Kyon-Mi Chang contributes an article on HBV immunology, which is the least understood area of this disease but has the most potential to improve our knowledge in the management of chronic hepatitis B. Dr. Anna Lok provides an authoritative review on the current issues and controversies of treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Dr. Stephen Locarnini, who has extensive experience in anti-viral resistance and its management, presents important issues in the usage of currently available anti-viral oral agents. Dr. Myron Tong discusses the current understanding of HBV carcinogenesis and updates HCC surveillance and treatment - the most dreadful outcome of this disease. Dr. Paul Martin discusses management of end- stage chronic hepatitis B - anti-viral therapy, montherapy vs combo therapy, choice of agent, when to start therapy and post-transplant patients including duration of HBIG therapy, HBcAb(+)only recipient) and Occult HBV infection. Dr. Tram Tran discusses the treatment in reproductive women, during pregnancy, and prevention of vertical transmission in third trimester with antiviral agents - an area with significant lack of good clinical evidence. Dr. Steve Han discusses management of patients with acute hepatitis B, co-infection with HDV/HCV/HIV, pre-immuno-suppressive therapy, and management of renal and heart transplant patients with HBV infection. Dr. Mei Huei Chang discusses Taiwanese success in implementing universal vaccination leading to a remarkable reduction in both prevalence of chronic hepatitis B and incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally Drs. Michelle Lai and Yun Fan Liaw provide a rundown of what we have accomplished and the hope for the future in our fight to control this disease.
An Association Analysis of Gene-Environment Interactions in the PON Region in Late-Onset Sporadic Parkinson's Disease

An Association Analysis of Gene-Environment Interactions in the PON Region in Late-Onset Sporadic Parkinson's Disease Nirupama Shridhar Chair of Supervisory Committee: Dr. Karen Edwards Institute for Public Health Genetics (IPHG) Objective: The PON region (7q21.3-7q22), comprising the three PON genes, PON1, PON2, and PON3, has been assessed for its role as a potential gene for risk susceptibility in Parkinson's Disease (PD). The gene products, the three different paraoxonase enzymes, hydrolyze organophosphates. Three environmental factors, namely, cigarette smoking, coffee, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have shown to be inversely associated with risk of developing PD. No prior studies have evaluated Gene-Environment Interactions (GxE) between genes in the PON region and these established risk factors with PD. Further, this genetic epidemiologic project also raises questions about return of research results, particularly if evidence supports evidence for interactions between genetic variability and potentially modifiable environmental factors, such as cigarette smoking, coffee consumption and NSAID use. Methods: Case-Control Association Study was conducted using data from the NeuroGenetics Research Consortium (NGRC) which includes 2000 PD cases and 1986 unrelated controls (n= 3986). The dataset, includes genotype information for the PON locus (n= 467) and three the environmental factors (cigarette smoking, coffee, and NSAIDs use). Results: No interactions were statistically significant once the Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing was made. However, of the top hit SNPs from each of the models (smoking, coffee and NSAIDs), two SNPs rs705379 (OR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.11) and rs75071114 (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.23, 1.58), are cSNPs of uncertain significance on PON2 and PON1 respectively. Conclusion: This is the first assessment of interactions between variants in the PON region and cigarette smoking, coffee, and NSAIDs. While the results of this study did not provide support for statistically significant interactions, it does raise additional issues about the need for dialog by the various stakeholders to formulate policy around offering return of individual research results for findings that are of uncertain clinical significance, and possessing more personal utility than clinical.
AKUNTABILITAS SEBAGAI SEBUAH SOLUSI PENGELOLAAN WAKAF

Abstra k: Akuntabilitas sebagai Sebuah Solusi Pengelolaan Wakaf. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis prioritas masalah dan solusi pengelolaan waqaf dengan menggunakan metode AHP. Hasil analisis menunjukkan prioritas masalah pengelolaan wakaf terletak pada rendahnya profesionalitas dan kompetensi nazhir dalam mengelola wakaf, sehingga pengelolaan wakaf tidak optimal. Masalah nazhir yang kurang akuntabel membuat wakif menyerahkan harta wakaf langsung kepada personal bukan melalui lembaga pengelola wakaf. Solusi dari masalah pengelolaan wakaf adalah meningkatkan insentif nazhir dan pelatihan intensif bagi nazhir. Solusi yang ditawarkan tersebut menunjukkan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan peningkatan akuntabilitas pengelolaan wakaf, sehingga terbentuk profesionalitas pengelolaan wakaf yang dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat. Abstract: Accountability as A Waqf Management Solution. This article aims to analyze the priority issue and solution about waqf management using AHP. The analysis showed that the priority issue of waqf management lies on the low professionalism and competence of nazhir, so the waqf management is not optimal. Since nazhir is not accountable, wakif submits waqf property personally instead of going through waqf management institutions. The solution of the problem of waqf managing are increasing incentives and intensive training for Nazhir. The solution offered by this study relates to increased accountability in the waqf management. By forming professionalism in waqf management, public trust can be improved.