Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lasalocid Toxicosis in Dairy Calves

In February 1990, a 1,500 milking cow dairy in the California Central Valley changed from feed containing monensin to feed containing lasalocid to 350 head of 2-4-monthold calves of both sexes. The lasalocid was mixed at the feed mill with corn and barley and pelleted. The feed was delivered bulk to the farm and a 1 -gallon bucket of feed was given to each calf once/day. The feed comprised 2/3 of their diet, whereas the remainder was hay. Calves were housed in individual crates. After the first day on the new feed, calves became anorexic, but feed intakes gradually increased over the 5 subsequent days. One calf died suddenly on day 4 after starting the new feed. On day 5, additional calves developed sudden weakness, increased respiratory rate, mild nasal discharge, and reddening of the nose without a fever. At the time, the feed was replaced with a corn/barley mix without additives. Eleven calves were found dead on day 6. Field necropsies, performed on 6 of the 11 calves, revealed pleural and peritoneal effusions and pulmonary edema. One calf was necropsied at the California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System (CVDLS) at Tulare 2 hours after it died. This calf had a rumen pH of 5.0, blunting and swelling of rumen papillae, gas accumulation, and large quantities of grain in the rumen. The urine pH was 5.0. No other gross findings were present. Histologic examination revealed suppurative rumenitis compatible with lactic acidosis. No heart lesions were observed. The next day (day 7) 1 female and 5 male calves, which were found dead, were submitted to CVDLS. At that time, all grain feeding was discontinued and replaced with alfalfa hay. All 6 calves were in good condition and the hearts were contracted. One calf had epicardial hemorrhages. Two calves had yellow mottling of the heart muscle that was most noticeable in the interventricular septum on cut section. Three calves had congestion and hemorrhage of the left papillary
Influence of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV Inhibitor Sitagliptin on Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases 1/2 Signaling in Rats with Diabetic Nephropathy

The protective effects of sitagliptin on the kidneys of rats with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its influence on extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling were investigated. Male Wistar rats (n = 40) were randomly assigned to normal control, DN, low-dose sitagliptin intervention (ST1), or high-dose sitagliptin intervention (ST2) groups. Animals were euthanized after a 16-week treatment, and blood glucose (BG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), urinary albumin excretion rate (AER), serum creatinine (Scr), creatinine clearance rate (Ccr), active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels, kidney hypertrophy index, and renal pathohistology were determined. Immunohistochemical methods and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to detect protein and mRNA expression of podocalyxin, ERK1/2, GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). After 16 weeks, BG, AER, Scr, HbA1c and the kidney hypertrophy index were all significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in ST1 and ST2 groups, while Ccr and active GLP-1 levels were increased (p < 0.05), with changes more pronounced in ST2 (p < 0.05). Glomerular pathological lesions were also improved following sitagliptin treatment, especially in ST2. Immunohistochemical and real-time PCR revealed that protein and mRNA expression levels of podocalyxin and GLP-1R were increased significantly in ST1 and ST2, while expression of ERK1/2 and TGF-β was decreased (p < 0.05). Sitagliptin therefore delayed DN progression, possibly via the inhibition of ERK1/2 signaling and promotion of the interaction between GLP-1 and the GLP-1R.
Oral vs Poster Publication Influence Analysis

Many top CS conferences in Artificial Intelligence assign accepted papers into different presentation types, mainly orals and posters. There is a perception that oral papers are better, however some paper with high influence later were also accepted as poster. To end this discussion, in this paper, we proposed a framework to analysis the influence of presentation type and other factors on academic works. To be specific, statistic analysis and significant test are done based on publication’s citation count. Further, a better incluence representation was proposed based on the ranking methods in [15]. In which influence level was calculated based on the influence of other works and authors in its citation network, instead of simple applying citation count as an influence measure. According our analysis on conference, we show that oral are statistically better than poster in most conferences. Also our ranking method can better represent paper’s influence comparing to simply using citation count.
Interactive Decision Aids for Consumer Decision Making in E-Commerce: The Influence of Perceived Strategy Restrictiveness

This paper extends the effort-accuracy framework of cognition by taking into account the perceived strategy restrictiveness of decision aids, and tests the extended framework in a context in which online decision aids are used to elicit consumers' preferences, automate the processing of the preferences, and provide product advice for consumers. Three types of decision aids with different decision strategy support capabilities (an additive-compensatory based aid, an elimination-based aid, and a hybrid aid supporting both strategies) are compared in terms of users' perceptions of strategy restrictiveness, advice quality, and cognitive effort. These comparisons are grounded on the properties of normativeness and complementarity of decision strategies employed by the aids. A normative strategy takes into account both the users' attribute preferences and the relative importance of such preferences, and allows for trade-offs among preferences (e.g., additive-compensatory). Strategy complementarity indicates support for decision rules based on multiple strategies (e.g., both additive-compensatory and elimination strategies). The experimental results support the validity of the extended effort-accuracy-restrictiveness framework and the effects of strategy normativeness, but not the effects of strategy complementarity. In addition to the perceptions of cognitive effort and advice quality, perceived strategy restrictiveness exerts a significant influence on consumers' intentions to use online decision aids. The additive-compensatory aid is perceived to be less restrictive, of higher quality, and less effortful than the elimination aid, whereas the hybrid aid is not perceived to be any different from the additive-compensatory aid.
HIV/AIDS Case Management Tasks and Activities

ABSTRACT Functional analysis, a variation of the time study technique, was used to examine how HIV/AIDS case managers in the tri-county region of New York State spend their time-the actual tasks and activities they choose to perform relative to the total universe of activities and tasks subsumed in the general category of case management. The picture developed was of a system operating primarily in a crisis mode, spending relatively brief amounts of time completing a range of activities and providing an extensive scope of services for or on behalf of clients. The bulk of the work was client centered, not administrative, and involved providing disease management and essential services (e.g., family and mental health). The implications of these findings are discussed, with particular attention paid to the potential influence of client profiles and worker demographics.
Social Entrepreneurship: Theoretical Antecedents and Empirical Analysis of Entrepreneurial Processes and Outcomes

This paper seeks to address the emerging issue of social entrepreneurship by exploring both the historical and theoretical antecedents of social enterprise and its contemporary practice. The paper draws on the relevant historical, sociological and economics based literature as well as that emanating from the entrepreneurship domain. In-depth interviews with 80 social entrepreneurs revealed five key themes within which the practice of social entrepreneurship could be compared and contrasted with for-profit entrepreneurship. These include: the entrepreneurial process, in particular opportunity recognition; network embeddedness; the nature of financial risk and profit; the role of individual versus collective action in managing and structuring enterprises; and creativity and innovation.
Heterogeneity of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome Patients, Cattle, and Food Samples in Central France

ABSTRACT A detailed analysis of the molecular epidemiology of non-O157:H7 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) was performed by using isolates from sporadic cases of hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), animal reservoirs, and food products. The isolates belonged to the O91 and OX3 serogroups and were collected in the same geographical area over a short period of time. Five typing methods were used; some of these were used to explore potentially mobile elements like thestx genes or the plasmids (stx2-restriction fragment length polymorphism [RFLP], stx2 gene variant, and plasmid analyses), and others were used to study the whole genome (ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis [PFGE]). The techniques revealed that there was great diversity among the O91 and OX3 STEC strains isolated in central France. A close relationship between strains of the same serotype having the same virulence factor pattern was first suggested by ribotyping. However, stx2-RFLP andstx2 variant analyses differentiated all but 5 of 21 isolates, and plasmid analysis revealed further heterogeneity; a unique combination of characteristics was obtained for all strains except two O91:H21 isolates from beef. The latter strains were shown by PFGE to be the most closely related isolates, with >96% homology, and hence may be subtypes of the same strain. Overall, our results indicate that the combination of stx2-RFLP,stx2 variant, and plasmid profile analyses is as powerful as PFGE for molecular investigation of STEC diversity. Finally, the non-O157:H7 STEC strains isolated from HUS patients were related to but not identical to those isolated from cattle and food samples in the same geographical area. The possibility that there are distinct lineages of non-O157:H7 STEC, some of which are more virulent for humans, should be investigated further.
Echocardiographic and Doppler echocardiographic findings in 11 wolves (Canis lupus)

Two-dimensional real-time, M-mode and Doppler echocardiographic measurements were made in 11 adult wolves (Canis lupus) anaesthetised with an intramuscular combination of medetomidine, ketamine, butorphanol and acepromazine followed by isoflurane in oxygen. M-mode measurements of the left ventricle, B-mode measurements of the left atrium and aorta, systolic indices, and Doppler measurements of aortic and pulmonary blood outflow, and of mitral and tricuspid blood inflow, were recorded. The values obtained were compared with those reported for dogs of similar bodyweight and body type. The diastolic measurements of the cardiac chambers and walls were similar to those reported for healthy, conscious dogs, but the use of anaesthesia probably resulted in the markedly different systolic cardiac measurements, systolic indices and Doppler blood flow velocities observed in the wolves. Mild mitral regurgitation, probably due to mitral endocardiosis, was observed in one wolf, and trivial functional mitral insufficiency was observed in five others.
A Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence and Etiology of Childhood Visual Impairment in Auckland, New Zealand

PurposeChildhood visual impairment has significant individual and socioeconomic costs with global differences in etiology and prevalence. This study aimed to determine prevalence, etiology, and avoidable causes of childhood visual impairment in New Zealand. DesignRetrospective data analysis from a national referral center, the Blind and Low Vision Education Network New Zealand, Auckland. MethodsThe World Health Organization Program for Prevention of Blindness eye examination records for visually impaired children, 16 years or younger, registered with the Auckland Visual Resource Centre, were included. Data analyzed included demographics, etiology, visual acuity, visual fields, educational setting, and rehabilitation plan. ResultsCharts of 340 children were examined, of which 267 children (144 blind, 123 low vision) were included in the analysis, whereas the remaining 73 charts of children with no visual impairment were excluded. The calculated prevalence of blindness and low vision was 0.05% and 0.04%, respectively, in the Auckland region. Principal causes of blindness affecting 91 children (63.9%) were cerebral visual impairment in 61 children (42.4%), optic nerve atrophy in 18 children (12.5%), and retinal dystrophy in 13 children (9.0%). The main potentially avoidable causes of blindness in 27 children (19%) were neonatal trauma, asphyxia in 9 children (33%), and nonaccidental injury 6 children (22%). ConclusionsThis first report of prevalence for childhood blindness and low vision in New Zealand is similar to data from Established Market Economy countries. The leading causes of blindness are also comparable to other high-income countries; however, proportions of avoidable causes differ significantly.
Effect of Age and Global Function Score on Schizophrenic P300 Characteristics

The relationship between function level and P300 has long been ignored and awaits clarification. Further, previous Western studies have discussed the trait/state markers of schizophrenic P300; this has not been assessed for an analogous Chinese population. P300 was recorded and compared in 153 schizophrenic patients and 101 normal controls. Reduced and delayed P300 was demonstrated for the schizophrenic group. Regression analysis was performed to determine the factors contributing to P300 amplitude and latency variation. Global Assessment of Functioning score and age had a significant influence on P300 latency prolongation. Amplitude decrement was not affected by age, duration of illness, education, psychotic status, antipsychotic dosage, or function level. Our results were grossly concordant with analogous Western reports and provided evidence that function level is an important variable contributing to P300 latency change in Chinese schizophrenics. Besides, the effect of gender on P300 amplitude was noted in normal population.
Hyperplastic Gastric Polyps: Medical Management Is Feasible

ABSTRACTThe authors of this study conducted a randomized controlled trial to see whether hyperplastic gastric polyps would disappear after cure of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. In a previous study, they had found that H. pylori infection was a prerequisite for the presence of hyperplastic polyps (1), and preliminary data from other investigators had suggested that cure of the infection may lead to regression of the polyps (2). In a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial, 35 patients with H. pylori infection and documented hyperplastic gastric polyps at least 3 mm in diameter were randomly assigned to an anti-H. pylori treatment group (receiving a proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, and either clarithromycin or ecabet sodium) or a control group (who received no anti-H. pylori therapy). Endoscopy was repeated 12 to 15 months after the end of the course of therapy, and serum gastrin levels and IgG anti-H. pylori antibody titers were also measured. Gastric polyps disappeared in 12 of the 17 patients who received eradication therapy (71%) and in 12 of the 15 patients in whom the H. pylori infection was cured (80%). No change was observed in the polyps or H. pylori status of any of the control individuals. This difference was statistically significant with a p value of <0.001. In addition, changes in histological findings, serum gastrin levels, and anti-H. pylori antibody titers also changed significantly only in the treatment group. The authors concluded that most hyperplastic polyps disappeared after cure of H. pylori infection and that eradication therapy should be attempted before endoscopic removal in infected patients with hyperplastic polyps. (Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:1977–1978. © 1999 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology)
Treatment Strategies for Postinfarction Left Ventricular Free Wall Rupture: Stabilization with Peri-operative IABP and off-pump Repair

Background Perioperative management of post-infarction left ventricular free wall rupture (LVFWR) is not clearly standardized and surgical repair is the only therapeutic option. Role of off-pump surgery and stabilization with perioperative intraaortic balloon pumping (IABP) were here analysed. Methods Seven patients underwent surgery for LVFWR between 1990 and 2002. Clinical picture included electromechanical dissociation (3 patients) and sudden hypotension (4 patients). Except in one patient who was reanimated through femoro-femoral cardiopulmonary bypass, off-pump repair through on-lay patching technique was always performed. IABP was employed in the immediate postoperative period in five cases. Results A satisfactory hemodynamic state was restored in all cases and there were no reoperations for bleeding or rerupture. Hospital survival was 100%. One patient underwent successful surgical myocardial revascularization two months after LVFWR. Two patients died at follow-up. The survivors present with good NYHA and CCS functional classes. Conclusions When the anatomy of the LVFWR is favourable, off-pump external patching repair proves a good choice. Postoperative IABP provides satisfactory hemodynamic support.
Comparison of heat stress indices.

Temperature, humidity and radiant heat in an environmental test room were varied over wide limits while five heat stress indices were measured simultaneously: Effective Temperature, Effective Temperature Corrected for Radiation, Wet Bulb Globe Temperature, Heat Stress Index, and Wet Globe Temperature. Regression equations based on 34 tests for the five indices showed them to be interrelated at probabilities exceeding 99%. Similar tabulations were prepared from published data for other indices. An evaluation of the indices revealed that Wet Bulb Globe Temperature and Wet Globe Temperature are best suited to hot work situations where radiant energy is present. For hot, moist conditions, the Effective Temperature is the preferred index.
Ipsilateral Graft and Contralateral ACL Rupture at Five Years or More Following ACL Reconstruction

P atients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction typically have good short-term results. Following postoperative rehabilitation and return to activity, one of the most devastating outcomes for the patient who has had an ACL reconstruction is a tear of the ACL graft in the ipsilateral knee or a tear of the ACL in the contralateral knee. This issue has been most extensively studied in terms of the graft in the ipsilateral knee. Multiple studies have demonstrated a rate of graft rerupture in the range of 2% to 6% after less than five years of follow-up. The rate of ipsilateral ACL rerupture and contralateral ACL rupture is similar after short-term follow-up, with a risk of approximately 3%. Increased knowledge regarding the risk of additional ACL injuries after longer-term follow-up would assist in counseling patients with regard to the expected outcome of ACL reconstruction. This patient group is typically young, with expectations of resuming and maintaining their activities. While two-year results are important, patients really want to know how long the knee can maintain the activity level that they desire. Thus, results after five years or more are pertinent. The primary aim of the present systematic review was to compare the overall ipsilateral ACL rerupture rate with the contralateral ACL rupture rate on the basis of published prospective studies with a minimum duration of follow-up of five years. Our hypotheses
Barriers to Medical Care of Mexican-Americans: The Role of Social Class, Acculturation, and Social Isolation

Literature on medical care utilization by Mexican-Americans suggests that patterns of utilization can be explained, in part, by acculturation, social class and social isolation. The relative importance of these variables is explored in a survey of a rural Mexican-American community in Southern Texas. Data on 152 families are analyzed using a logit analysis, with utilization as the outcome variable. The results suggest that acculturation has a direct effect, while social class and social isolation interact to have a weak effect independent of acculturation. These results confirm the importance of understanding all three variables in planning and implementing medical care programs in Mexican- American communities.
In Vitro Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Methanol, Chloroform and Aqueous Extracts of Origanum vulgare and Their Comparative Analysis

The work reports antibacterial and antifungal activity of different solvent extracts of Origanum vulgare. The antimicrobial activity of methanol, chloroform and aqueous extracts were determined against nine different gram negative and gram positive bacterial strains and three fungal stains. The bacterial strains were Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Micrococcus luteus (ATCC 9341), Pseudo-monas aeruginosa (ATCC 33347), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Salmonella typhi (ATCC 19430), Shig-ella flexneri (ATCC 25929), Salmonella para typhi A (ATCC 9150) and Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 49565) and fungal strains were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus nigar and Aspergillus pterus. Agar well diffusion method was followed in this study. The comparative analysis of antibacterial activity reflects that among these three extracts, chloroform and methanol extracts shows promising result by exhibiting maximum anti-bacterial activity, whereas aqueous extract is not active against most of these strains. The analysis of anti-fungal activity reveals chloroform extract as most efficacious unlike methanol and Aqueous extracts.
Conceptual Study of Sub-600 V IGBTs

Very low voltage, 60-600 V insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) were compared to power mosfet s with conventional and superjunction drift layers of identical voltage classes using mixed-mode numerical device simulation. This study was done in the light of forthcoming 400 V class IGBTs for use in electric vehicle/hybrid electric vehicle: the 600 V borderline, which previously separated the bulk of power mosfet from IGBT applications, has become fragile recently. We find that the 400 V class must not represent a lower limit for IGBTs based on silicon: in fact, LV IGBTs could offer lower losses down to the 60-100 V level. Most importantly, low-voltage IGBTs may outperform power mosfets not only with respect to on-state voltage drop but also regarding switching offering up to 30% lower turn-off losses. This paper presents physics-based arguments focusing on the device transconductance to augment these projections. LV IGBTs or hybrid devices (monolithic integration of mosfet plus IGBT) could become lower cost, high performance alternatives to SJ power mosfets thanks to short development cycles common in mature silicon technologies.