Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF GREEN CANE TRASH BLANKETING AND MICROBIAL CONSORTIA APPLICATION ON SOIL COMPACTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MECHANICALLY HARVESTED SUGARCANE RATOON CROPS

Burning of sugarcane crop residue in India is a common practice among the farmers due to scarcity of labour and slow decomposition of trash due to wider C/N ratio. In-situ trash management and green cane trash blanketing can be good alternate strategies to mitigate these problems. Microbial consortia comprising of Trichoderma viride, Humicola spp, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Gluconacetobater diazotropicus, Azospiriillum brasilense and Bacillus subtilis have great potential to recycle crop residue and restore soil fertility, eventually promote sugarcane growth. Impact of green cane trash blanketing (GCTB) and microbial consortia application on the growth and yield of ratoon sugarcane was assessed in farmer’s field at Talwaipettai, in Erode District, Tamil Nadu, India. A replicated field experiment comprising of four green cane trash blanketing treatments in randomised block design was conducted in machine harvested first and second ratoon crops during 2013-14 and 2014-15 respectively. The result of trials revealed that in machine harvested plant and first ratoon crop 16.29 and 20.11 t ha-1 of sugarcane trash with appreciable amount of nutrients i.e. N(0.5 %), P(0.12 %) and K (0.73 %) was available for recycling for subsequent first and second ratoon crop, respectively. The practice of green cane trash blanketing couple with manipulation of upper soil layer by off-barring after machine harvested first ratoon crop, could reduce the soil compaction (2.21 MPa) in surface soil i.e. 0-15 cm thereby improved cane weight, cane height and overall sugarcane growth. Comparable sugarcane shoots were recorded at 90 and 240 days after ratoon initiation. Green cane trash blanketing and microbial consortia application recorded the highest mean cane yield of 128.55 t ha-1 than trash removal (123.2 t ha-1) treatment.
A neural net algorithm for multidimensional minimum relative-entropy spectral analysis

A neural net algorithm is presented to solve the general 1-D or multidimensional minimum relative-entropy spectral analysis. The problem is formulated as a primal constrained optimization and is reduced to solving an initial value problem of differential equation of Lyapunov type. The initial value problem of Lyapunov system comprises the basis of the neural net algorithm. Experiments with simulated data convincingly showed that the algorithm did provide the multidimensional minimum relative-entropy spectral estimator with the autocorrelation matching property with computational efficiency. >
Variation in Telial Formation of Puccinia striiformis in the United States

Puccinia striiformis, the causal agent of stripe rust in wheat, barley, and various wild grasses, produces urediniospores and teliospores on these primary or auxiliary hosts. Telial formation, which stops producing infectious urediniospores, is affected by various host and environmental conditions. However, it is not clear if variation exists among different isolates in the United States. To determine the differences in the pathogen population, 1423 isolates collected in the United States from 2013 to 2016 were tested for telial formation in the seedling stage at a diurnal temperature profile of 4°C - 20°C. The percentages of telial formation varied greatly among the isolates. Of the 1423 isolates, 62.97% produced telia with the percentages of telial formation ranging from 1% to 95% under the test conditions. The formation of telia was significantly affected by the year and the month when the isolates were collected. The epidemiological regions or states, host plants (wheat, barley, and grasses), and races of the isolates did not significantly affect telial formation. However, significant effects on telial formation were observed by interactions between year and region, year and race, month and region and among year, month, and region, as well as between year and month. The results showed that telial formation is a complex trait under the genetic control of the pathogen isolates for adaptation to different environments. Further studies are needed to identify genes involved in the formation of telia and the relationship of telial formation to the survival, aggressiveness, fitness, and evolution of the pathogen.
SEED TREATMENT AND FOLIAR SPRAY WITH FUNGICIDES TO CONTROL SEEDLING DISEASES AND CERCOSPORA LEAF SPOT OF MUNGBEAN

An investigation was undertaken to find out the influence of integrated use of seed treatment and foliar spray with fungicide on incidence and severity of Cercospora leaf spot and production of healthy seeds of mungbean. On the basis of preliminary experiments, three seed treating fungicides namely Provax-200, Metataf and Cupravit another three spray fungicides, Dithane M-45, Rovral 50 WP and Bavistin 50 WP were selected for the investigation. These were used in different combinations to have nine treatments. Highest seedlings emergence (55.64%) was recorded in seed treatment with Provax-200. On the other hand, the lowest seedlings infection was recorded in Provax-200 treated seed plots. Cupravit and Metataf also found effective to increase the emergence and to reduce diseases. All treatments with fungicides significantly reduced incidence and severity (PDI) of Cercospora leaf spot over control. Cercospora leaf spot incidence and PDI were observed lower in treatment, seed treatment with Provax + spaying of Bavistin. Treatment, seed treatment with Metataf + spaying of Bavistin and seed treatment with Cupravit + spaying of Bavistin were also promising in reducing Cercospora leaf spot incidence and PDI. The highest seed yield was recorded from the treatment when seed were treated with Provax and Bavistin was spayed. Harvested seeds under this treatment yielded the lowest prevalence of seed-borne of Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium oxysporum. Seeds treated with Provax and three sprays of seed crop with Bavistin 50 WP are recommended to control diseases and produce healthy seeds of mungbean.
Concomitant contact allergy to formaldehyde and methacrylic monomers in students of dental medicine and dental patients

ObjectivesA multitude of acrylic monomers is used in dentistry. Formaldehyde is a ubiquitous chemical agent, which is an ingredient of some dental materials and may be released from methacrylate-based composites. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the incidence and the risk of cross-sensitization to some methacrylic monomers (methylmethacrylate — MMA, triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate — TEGDMA, ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate — EGDMA, 2,2-bis-[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacrylo-xypropoxy)phenyl]-propane — Bis-GMA, 2-hydroxy-ethyl methacrylate 2-HEMA, and tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate) and formaldehyde in students of dentistry, dental professionals and dental patients.Material and MethodsA total of 139 participants were included in the study, i.e., occupationally exposed dental professionals, students of the 3rd, 4th and 6th year of dental medicine, and occupationally unexposed dental patients. They were patch-tested with methacrylic monomers and formaldehyde. The results were subjected to statistical analysis (p < 0.05). ResultsFrom the allergic to formaldehyde students of the 3rd and 4th year of dental medicine, 46.2% were also sensitized to MMA. Among the group of patients, the incidence of cross-sensitization to formaldehyde and methacrylic monomers was as follows: to TEGDMA — 20.6%, to ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate — 20.7%, to 2-HEMA — 20.7% and to tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate — 24.1%. Contact allergy to MMA was diagnosed among 22.7%, and to TEGDMA — among 27.1% of the students of the 3rd and 4th year of dental medicine. In the group of occupationally unexposed dental patients the prevalence of contact allergy to ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate was 20.7%, to Bis-GMA — 27.6%, to 2-HEMA — 44.9% and to tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate — 38.0%. ConclusionsThe students of the 3rd and 4th year of dental medicine could be outlined as a group at risk of sensitization to MMA and TEGDMA and of cross-sensitization to MMA and formaldehyde. Probably, due to the ubiquitous occurrence of formaldehyde and the wide use of composite resins and bonding agents containing TEGDMA, ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate, 2-HEMA and tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate in dentistry, the group of dental patients could be at risk of cross-sensitization to formaldehyde and some methacrylic monomers.
Clinical and laboratory findings in the oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe, with special reference to growth and renal function.

BACKGROUND The oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe is an X-linked disorder whose clinical manifestations include congenital cataracts, mental retardation, and renal tubular dysfunction. We investigated growth, renal function, and serum chemistry values in patients with the oculocerebrorenal syndrome to determine the natural history of the disorder and its heterogeneity with respect to these characteristics. METHODS Twenty-three patients with the oculocerebrorenal syndrome, ranging in age from 4 months to 31 years, were examined. Height was compared with bone age. Renal function was assessed by measurements of proteinuria, urinary volume, and fractional excretions of potassium, phosphate, carnitine, and amino acids. Creatinine clearance was determined as a measure of glomerular function. RESULTS In the oculocerebrorenal syndrome, linear growth decreases after one year of age; bone age lies between chronologic age and height age. Renal dysfunction occurs in the first year of life, characterized by proteinuria (mean [+/- SD], 1.38 +/- 0.77 g of urinary protein per square meter of body-surface area per day; normal, less than or equal to 0.10), generalized aminoaciduria (mean, 686 +/- 505 mumol of urinary amino acid per kilogram of body weight per day; normal, 94 +/- 45), carnitine wasting (mean fractional excretion, 0.10 +/- 0.05; normal, 0.03 +/- 0.01), and phosphaturia progressing into the third decade. Urinary wasting of individual amino acids is milder than in cystinosis, and branched-chain amino acids are relatively spared. Reciprocal serum creatinine levels fall linearly with age, predicting renal failure in the fourth decade. Concentrations of the muscle enzymes creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as of total serum protein, serum alpha 2-globulin, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, are elevated. CONCLUSIONS Renal glomerular deterioration is slowly progressive in the oculocerebrorenal syndrome. Renal tubular dysfunction begins early and persists; most patients require alkalinization therapy, and many benefit from supplemental potassium, phosphate, calcium, or carnitine. Serum enzyme elevations suggest muscle involvement in the oculocerebrorenal syndrome.
Detection of BCR/ABL transcripts by reverse transcriptase polimerase chain reaction in pediatric acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: ıncidence and clinical eatures.

BCR/ABL expression, which is the molecular equivalent of the Philadelphia chromosome, is an independent poor risk factor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We used a two-step (nested) reverse transcriptase polimerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay to examine BCR/ABL expression in the diagnostic bone marrow specimen of children with ALL, prospectively. Among 75 de novo ALL patients, 4 (%5.3) were found to be BCR/ABL- ositive, whereas 4 of 17 relapsed patients (23.5%) were positive. This preliminary study in Turkish children showed an incidence similar to reports from Europe and the U.S.A. More intensive chemotherapies and allogeneic bone marrow transplantations (BMT) uring the first remission were planned if a donor was available. Out of 8 BCR/ABL-positive patients, complete remission (CR) was achieved in 7 patients and partial remission (PR) was achieved in 1 patient. Three patients underwent allogeneic BMT during the first CR and 1 under went autologous BMT during the first PR. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of vent-free survival (EFS) of BCR/ABL negative de novo ALL patients was 78.36% at 3 years, whereas the EFS of positive patients was 31.25% at 26 ± 6.4 months. Molecular screening for the Philadelphia chromosome should become a part of the routine diagnostic panel in ALL patients in order to predict which patients have a poor prognosis and need tailored therapy.
Stability of a Translocated Chromosome in Chronological Ageing Yeast

Chromosome translocation is a disastrous event for a cell, affecting almost every aspect ranging from metabolism, organelle maintenance and homeostasis to gene maintenance and expression. By using the Bridge Induced Translocation (BIT) system I wanted to define the effects of an induced translocation on the Chronological Life Span (CLS) of yeast with particular interest to the maintenance of the translocated chromosome through-out the life span. The results demonstrate that every translocant strain has a different CLS with a high increase in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels at the end of the life span but the loss of the translocated chromosome occurs at the end of the life span with different rates between the translocants. Furthermore, the RDH54 gene may play a role in the correct segregation of the translocant chromosome since in its absence there is an exponential increase in loss of that chromosome.
Space layout game: An Interactive Game of Space Layout for Teaching and Representing Design Knowledge

This paper described a prototype of interactive space layout, a tool for primary stage of architectural space layout called Space Layout Game (SLG). Rather than focusing on the automation of space layout, we are interested in interactive responding in manipulative process and assisting teaching and representation of design skills and knowledge. Through composing a prototype of space layouts, reusing and modifying this prototype or other form teachers or other students to adapt to new conditions, students can present their design intensions, and learn layout skills and design knowledge through the manipulative processes.
Is Information Enough ? Evidence from a Tax Credit Information Experiment with 1 , 000 , 000 Students

This study examines the effect of information about tax credits for college using a sample of over 1 million students or prospective students in Texas. We sent emails and letters to students that described tax credits for college and tracked college outcomes. We find that for all three of our samples—already enrolled students, students who had previously applied to college but were not currently enrolled, and rising high school seniors—that information about tax credits for college did not affect reenrollment, application, and enrollment respectively. We test whether effects vary according to information frames and find that no treatment arms changed student outcomes. We discuss reasons why we found no effect and insights into what attributes make lowcost information interventions effective. ∗Teachers College, Columbia University. bergman@tc.columbia. edu. The authors would like to thank the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board for providing the data. We also acknowledge funding from JPAL-North America. The conclusions of this research do not necessarily reflect the opinion or official position of the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board. All errors are our own. †Brigham Young University, jeffdenning@byu.edu ‡University of Texas at Austin and NBER, dsmanoli@austin.utexas. edu
Measurement of Molecular Motion in Organic Semiconductors by Thermal Diffuse Scattering Materials and Methods Sample Preparation

The diffraction results presented in this work were enabled by a new sample preparation process. Unlike in previously reported work [1, 2], the TIPS-pentacene films produced here were not deposited on a supporting film that could give rise to unwanted background signal in electron diffraction patterns. Instead polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS) was chosen as it allows TIPS-pentacene (like most organic semiconductors) to form crystalline layers on top, and can be subsequently diluted in water to release the overlying TIPS-pentacene film. The TIPS-pentacene was applied onto the PSS in a drop-casting process which was optimised to yield large but thin, defect-free crystals as follows: An 18.53 weight percent PSS solution in water from Scientific Polymer Products Inc. was spin-coated onto a cleaned glass substrate at 2500 r.p.m. for 30s. A 0.01 weight percent solution of TIPS-pentacene in tetralin was drop-cast onto the substrate which was constantly held at 60C in a nitrogen atmosphere almost fully saturated with tetralin. After the slow evaporation of the tetralin solvent the sample was removed from the glovebox and a few droplets of deionised water were applied to dilute the PSS layer. After a few minutes, TIPS-pentacene crystals floated on the water surface where they were easily picked up by a TEM grid as shown in Supplementary Figure 1. The large size of the grains in Supplementary Figure 1 suggests that the procedure produces highly uniform crystals with length scales of ∼100s of μm. Atomic force microscopy measurements revealed that the crystal thickness ranged from 30nm to 100nm, whereas most crystals showed a thickness of ∼60nm. A bright field electron micrograph of one of the TIPS samples (shown in Supplementary Figure 2) shows grains close to a crack in the film, the size of the grains extends beyond the field of view and shows that within the grain the uniformity of the crystal is extremely high. This is highlighted by the visible bend contours that remain almost uninterrupted through most of the image, the local bending however means that high spatial resolution is required Measurement of molecular motion in organic semiconductors by thermal diffuse electron scattering SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Transpulmonary pressure and lung elastance can be estimated by a PEEP‐step manoeuvre

Transpulmonary pressure is a key factor for protective ventilation. This requires measurements of oesophageal pressure that is rarely used clinically. A simple method may be found, if it could be shown that tidal and positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) inflation of the lungs with the same volume increases transpulmonary pressure equally. The aim of the present study was to compare tidal and PEEP inflation of the respiratory system.
Discrimination between postinfectious IgA-dominant glomerulonephritis and idiopathic IgA nephropathy

Background: A unique form of postinfectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) with IgA-dominant deposition mimicking IgA nephropathy has been increasingly reported. Methods: We compared the clinical and histological features of 12 patients with postinfectious IgA-dominant glomerulonephritis to 134 patients with idiopathic IgA nephropathy. Results: In addition to hypocomplementemia and subepithelial hump-shaped deposits characteristic of PIGN, patients with postinfectious IgA-dominant glomerulonephritis had older age (62.3 ± 16.9 vs. 37.9 ± 16.3 years; p < 0.001) and more frequently presented with acute renal failure (83.3% vs. 10.4%; p < 0.001) than patients with idiopathic IgA nephropathy. Moreover, glomerular changes including endocapillary proliferation, neutrophil infiltration, and capillary loops deposits by immunofluorescence were more commonly present in postinfectious IgA-dominant glomerulonephritis group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: PIGN could be characterized by glomerular IgA-dominant deposition resembling idiopathic IgA nephropathy. It is essential to differentiate postinfectious IgA-dominant glomerulonephritis from idiopathic IgA nephropathy because of the different treatments and prognosis of the two diseases.
National systems of entrepreneurship in transition economies : An empirical analysis of spatial institutional variation in Russia

The literature on entrepreneurship assumes that most of the findings have been taken as being general and valid across countries. Moreover entrepreneurship researchers have focused to a great extent on individuals and tended to ignore the regulating effect of context on individual action. A great deal of the trade-offs and opportunity costs faced by entrepreneurs are regulated by national context – for example through its broad range of different institutional settings, formal and informal, different cultures, norms and values and attitudes toward entrepreneurship which all effect entrepreneurial performance (Autio et al, 2015).
Non-pharmacological Treatment of Intensive Care Unit Delirium

Objective: To understand whether non-pharmacological treatment can reduce intensive care units. Methods: A review was conducted by searching the literature in the CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE database. The prevalence of sputum in the ICU is 16%-89%. It is characterized by short-term memory loss, disorientation and impaired attention. There are three types of sputum, including hyperactivity, hyperactivity, and mixing. Both pharmacology and non-pharmacology include ABCDE care bundles, sedation, early mobilization, promotion of personal sleep quality, reduced noise and artificial lighting, and patient education. Music therapy as a non-pharmacological intervention has not been fully studied. CONCLUSIONS: Non-pharmacological treatment of sputum in the ICU remains an effective method because it eliminates the use of sedatives. However, this depends on the health of the patient, such as vision and hearing impairment. Exploring the effectiveness of music therapy for this condition will help to further improve the multi-component approach, which requires a combination of non-pharmacological interventions to promote patient health.
Urban Traffic Prediction from Spatio-Temporal Data Using Deep Meta Learning

Predicting urban traffic is of great importance to intelligent transportation systems and public safety, yet is very challenging because of two aspects: 1) complex spatio-temporal correlations of urban traffic, including spatial correlations between locations along with temporal correlations among timestamps; 2) diversity of such spatio-temporal correlations, which vary from location to location and depend on the surrounding geographical information, e.g., points of interests and road networks. To tackle these challenges, we proposed a deep-meta-learning based model, entitled ST-MetaNet, to collectively predict traffic in all location at once. ST-MetaNet employs a sequence-to-sequence architecture, consisting of an encoder to learn historical information and a decoder to make predictions step by step. In specific, the encoder and decoder have the same network structure, consisting of a recurrent neural network to encode the traffic, a meta graph attention network to capture diverse spatial correlations, and a meta recurrent neural network to consider diverse temporal correlations. Extensive experiments were conducted based on two real-world datasets to illustrate the effectiveness of ST-MetaNet beyond several state-of-the-art methods.