Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of channel profiles for ultra-short MOSFETs by quantum simulation

In this paper, the self-consistent solution of l-D Poisson and Schrodinger equations is performed on doping profiles suitable for the fabrication of advanced ultra-short n-MOSFETs. Different issues are considered and investigated, including quantum-induced threshold voltage shifts, low-field electron effective mobility and gate-to-channel capacitance. The reported results give indications for the optimization of n-MOS channel doping profiles. In addition, the more advanced double-gate structure is analyzed and the reasons for possible advantages over more conventional single-gate ones (either SOI- or bulk-type) are investigated.
Knowledge and use of electronic information resources by medical sciences faculty at The University of the West Indies.

OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine faculty's knowledge of electronic resources, access to a computer, use of electronic resources (both number and frequency) available at the Medical Sciences Library (MSL), and the areas of training needed and to identify areas for further research. METHODS A survey was administered to faculty in medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, and veterinary sciences at The University of the West Indies. The questions covered computer literacy, computer access and location, knowledge and use of electronic resources, and training needs. RESULTS The response rate was 70%, of whom 97% were computer users. Seventy-three percent used computers daily, and 82% felt that their computer literacy level was average or beyond. Overall, it was found that faculty had high awareness of the electronic resources made available by the MSL but low use of MSL-specific resources supporting the suggested problem of underutilization. Many respondents felt that e-resources were important, and, though many felt that they were competent users, 83% were self-taught and many still expressed a need for training. Over 60% felt that a workshop with a hands-on component was the preferred format for training. It was recommended that there be greater promotion of the library's e-resources.
Lung‐phase immunity to Schistosoma mansoni: definition of alveolar macrophage phenotypes after vaccination and challenge of mice

Summary Phenotypic changes in murine alveolar macrophages have been described in response to vaccination with irradiated cercariae and to a subsequent challenge with normal parasites. Flow cytometric analysis was used to quantify the proportions of cells strongly positive for a number of macrophage surface markers, detected by a panel of monoclonal primary antibodies and fluorescent secondary antibodies. The proportion of Ia+ macrophages sampled by bronchoalveolar lavage increased 5‐fold over days 14 to 28 post‐vaccination. This upregulation of Ia was accompanied by a sharp decrease in F4/80 expression between days 14 and 21. The low percentage of F4/80* cells persisted for several weeks after vaccination, and no further change was stimulated by challenge parasites. These altered characteristics are consistent with the ‘activation phenotype’ induced by other infectious agents. After challenge of immune mice, further changes in macrophage phenotype were slight compared to the responses elicited by vaccination, or to those induced in the challenge control group; la expression increased to about three times normal levels. The phenotypic changes correspond both in magnitude and timing with the pattern of alveolar macrophage activation determined in a previous study. The limited changes in phenotype of alveolar macrophages from immunized mice after challenge could indicate that these cells become refractory to reactivation. Overall, the altered macrophage phenotype after vaccination and challenge provides circumstantial evidence for the action of cytokines, particularly interferon‐gamma, in lung‐phase immunity to schistosomes.
ENVIRONMENTAL AIR DEGRADATION IN DAR ES SALAAM BY X-RAY FLUORESCENCE

ABSTRACT In Dar es Salaam a study of the aerosol contents was conducted and particulate matter on the filters were collected using an AndersenTM PM10 impactor to determine the environmental air pollution. The contents were determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis. In this study sources of environmental degradation and the concentrations were named as follows: Combustion processes with range of Br from 10 to 800 ng/m3, Pb from 30 to 790 ng/m3. Industrial processes with range of Fe from 37 to 883 ng/m3, Cu from 14 to 310 ng/m3, Zn from 6 to 820 ng/m3. Top soil activities with range of K from 20 to 540 ng/m3, Ca from 24 to 3805 ng/m3, Ti from 2 to 59 ng/m3, Mn from 10 to 386 ng/m3. Marine processes with range of Cl from 20 to 310 ng/m3, S from 72 to 134 ng/m3.
Immediate versus conventional loading for the maxilla with implants placed into fresh and healed extraction sites to support a full-arch fixed prosthesis: nonrandomized controlled clinical study.

PURPOSE To compare immediate and conventional loading of fixed full-arch maxillary prostheses supported by implants placed in healed and fresh postextraction sites. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective, controlled, nonrandomized 12-month study included 30 consecutive patients requiring fixed full-arch maxillary prostheses supported by implants placed in healed and fresh extraction sites. Fifteen patients were treated with conventional loading (control group), and 15 were treated with immediate loading (test group). Each patient received six to eight implants; implants with insertion torque < 35 Ncm were conventionally loaded and excluded from the analysis. Implant success, biologic and prosthetic complications, success of the immediately loaded provisional prostheses, and marginal bone loss were assessed and analyzed statistically. RESULTS One test group patient failed to attend recall visits and was excluded from the study, and 16 implants did not achieve insertion torque of 35 Ncm and were excluded from analyses. The final sample included 29 patients and 193 implants (94 test implants, 99 control implants). Implant success rates were 96.8% (test) and 99.0% (control). In the test group, the most common complications were screw loosening and tooth fractures; in the control group, dentures caused discomfort and soft tissue irritation. The success rate of the immediately loaded prostheses was 100%. Average bone loss was 0.61 ± 0.21 mm for test implants and 0.53 ± 0.18 mm for control implants. Differences between loading protocols were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS No significant differences in implant success and peri-implant marginal bone loss were seen in the current 12-month comparison of immediate and conventional loading of maxillary fixed full-arch prostheses. Biologic and prosthetic complications were rare with both loading protocols, and all immediately loaded provisional fixed prostheses performed successfully.
Antenna Radiation Efficiency Measurement in an Ultrawide Frequency Range

Conventional antenna radiation efficiency measurement techniques, such as the Wheeler cap, are generally narrowband and, thus, well suited for resonant antennas. In this work, the Johnston-Geissler (J-G) method based on the Wheeler cap principle is used in a wide frequency range. First, a good agreement between measurement and simulation in an ultrawide frequency band is shown on a straight wire monopole antenna with different attenuators emulating antenna losses. Then, this technique is used to measure the radiation efficiency of several ultrawideband (UWB) antennas.
Estimation of genetic and environmental relationships between milk yield and different measures of mastitis and hyperkeratosis in Holstein cows

In this research, records of milk yield, mastitis occurrence and teats hyperkeratosis of 453 Holstein cows from a large herd with calving dates from December 2012 to December 2014 was used to estimate genetic and environmental correlations between milk yield, mastitis and hyperkeratosis. The highest and the lowest number of mastitis occurrence were in winter (January to March) and spring (April to June), respectively. Also, the highest and the lowest averages of days in milk at the time of mastitis occurrence were observed in winter and spring, respectively (162.53 vs. 29.67 days). The total number of mastitis occurrence was 151 times and in average a sick cow was infected 1.649 times. Obtained results showed low heritabilities for measures of mastitis (ranging from 0.048 to 0.134). Genetic correlations between measures of mastitis and milk yield were negative (from -0.502 to -0.183). Genetic correlation between hyperkeratosis and mastitis was positive which showed that selection for udder type traits would decrease mastitis occurrence. The results of this study can provide a background about the relationships between aforementioned traits and serve as a starting point for further study on these traits.
Optimized thin-film diffusion soldering for power-electronics production

This paper gives an overview on diffusion soldering or transient liquid-phase soldering (TLPS), where the conventional electronic production processes have been optimized for being capable of producing highly durable pore-free TLPS bonds. The growth of intermetallic phases (IMP) with control of temperature and time has been investigated in production line perspective. The samples processed under optimized vacuum based vapor-phase soldering along with realization of thin solder layers down to less than 10μm are demonstrated. As a result, pore-free diffusion soldered joints filled with Cu6Sn5 and Cu3Sn phases near the chip-substrate interface have been realized. Formations of IMP with changes in optimized solder profile, solder paste, chip metallization, substrate roughness and solder paste thickness are discussed.
Electrophoretic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid proteins in patients with central nervous system mass lesions.

✓ The protein constituents of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 234 patients with central nervous system mass lesions and nine patients with pseudotumor syndrome were analyzed by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. The alpha 2 and gamma globulin fractions were most frequently elevated, and more so with metastatic and malignant glial tumors than with benign tumors. Elevation of either fraction frequently occurred independent of the total protein content of the CSF and appears to indicate a primary parenchymal involvement of the brain. Gamma globulin elevations in patients with benign glial tumors were often associated with intracerebral cyst formation. Pituitary adenomas were not associated with elevation of the gamma globulin fraction whereas this was a common finding with other parasellar lesions. All CSF specimens associated with masses of infectious origin had markedly elevated gamma globulin levels irrespective of normal total protein levels. Two metastatic tumors from the gastrointestinal tract, a so.
PGD for a carrier of an intrachromosomal insertion using aCGH

Abstract Intrachromosomal insertions are rare and difficult to diagnose. However, making the correct diagnosis is critical for genetic risk assessment, and prenatal and preimplantation genetic diagnosis outcomes. We present a case of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) following trophectoderm biopsy of embryos created after in vitro fertilization for a carrier of an intrachromosomal insertion on chromosome 1 [46,XX, ins(1)(q44q23q32.1)]. The PGD analysis of 6 blastocysts demonstrated 67% unbalanced embryos. No pregnancy was achieved after the transfer of 2 euploid embryos. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of PGD using aCGH following trophectoderm biopsy for a carrier of an intrachromosomal insertion.
In vitro study of the significance of bladder neck position in incontinent bitches

699-723 LOHMANDER, L. S. & FELSON, D. T. (1997) Defining the role of molecular markers to monitor disease, intervention and cartilage breakdown in osteoarthritis. Journal ofRheumatology 24,782-785 NETHERY, A. , GILES, I. , JENKINS, K. , JACKSON, C. , BROOKS, P., BURKHARDT, D. , GHOSH, P., WHITELOCK, J., OGRADY, R. L. ,WELGUS, H. G. & SCHRIEBER, L. (1992) The condroprotective drugs, arteporan and sodium pentosan polysulfate, increase collagenase activity and inhibit stromelysin activity in vitro. Biochemical Pharmacology 44, 1549-1553 RASARATNAM, I. , RYAN, P., BOWMAN, L. , SMITH, M. & GHOSH, P. (1996) A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of intra-articular pentosan polysulphate (Cartrophen) in patients with gonarthritis laboratory and clinical findings. Proceedings of the 8th APLAR Congress, Melbourne. April 21-26, 1996 READ, R. , CULLIS-HILL, D. & JONES, M. (1996) Systemic use of pentosan polysulphate in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Journal of Small Animal Practice 37, 108-114 ROGACHEFSKY, R. A. , DEAN, D. D. , HOWELL, D. S. & ALTMAN, R. D. (1993) Treatment of canine osteoarthritis with IGF-1 and sodium pentosan polysulphate. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 1, 105-114 SZIRMAI, I. , KAMONDI, A. , MAGYAR, H. & JUHASZ, C. (1993) Investigations in patients with cerebral ischaemia treated with pentosan polysulphate (sp54). Perfusion 6, 314-320 THEILER, R. , GHOSH, P. & BROOKS, P. (1994) Clinical, biochemical and imaging methods of assessing osteoarthritis and clinical trials with agents claiming'chondromodulating' activity. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2, 1-23 THONAR, E. J.-M. A. , LENZ, M. E. , KLINTWORTH, G. K. , CATERSON, B. , PACHMAN, L. M. , GLICKMAN, P., KATZ, R. , HUFF, J. & KUETTNER, K. E. (1985) Quantification of keratan sulphate in blood as a marker of cartilage catabolism. Arthritis and Rheumatism 28, 1367-1376 VASSEUR, P. B. & BERRY, C. R. (1992) Progression of stifle osteoarthritis following reconstruction of the cranial cruciate ligament in 21 dogs. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 28, 129-136 VERBRUGGEN, G. & VEYS, E. (1996) Laboratory and clinical studies on calcium pentosan polysulphate. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 4, iii-iv
Myeloperoxidase Inhibition Increases Neurogenesis after Ischemic Stroke

The relationship between inflammation and neurogenesis in stroke is currently not well understood. Focal ischemia enhances cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the neurogenic regions, including the subventricular zone (SVZ), dentate gyrus, as well as the non-neurogenic striatum, and cortex in the ischemic hemisphere. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a potent oxidizing enzyme secreted during inflammation by activated leukocytes, and its enzymatic activity is highly elevated after stroke. In this study, we investigated whether the inhibition of MPO activity by a specific irreversible inhibitor, 4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide (ABAH) (MPO−/− mice) can increase neurogenesis after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice. ABAH administration increased the number of proliferating bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive cells expressing markers for neural stems cells, astrocytes, neuroprogenitor cells (Nestin), and neuroblasts (doublecortin) in the ischemic SVZ, anterior SVZ, striatum, and cortex. MPO inhibition also increased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (Ser133), acetylated H3, and NeuN to promote neurogenesis in the ischemic SVZ. ABAH treatment also increased chemokine CXC receptor 4 expression in the ischemic SVZ. MPO-deficient mice treated with vehicle or ABAH both showed similar effects on the number of BrdU+ cells in the ischemic hemisphere, demonstrating that ABAH is specific to MPO. Taken together, our results underscore a detrimental role of MPO activity to postischemia neurogenesis and that a strategy to inhibit MPO activity can increase cell proliferation and improve neurogenesis after ischemic stroke.
Novel approaches to discovery of antibacterial agents

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance is a rapidly increasing problem impacting the successful treatment of bacterial infectious disease. To combat resistance, the development of new treatment options is required. Recent advances in technology have aided in the discovery of novel antibacterial agents, specifically through genome mining for novel natural product biosynthetic gene clusters and improved small molecule high-throughput screening methods. Novel targets such as lipopolysaccharide and fatty acid biosyntheses have been identified by essential gene studies, representing a shift from traditional antibiotic targets. Finally, inhibiting non-essential genes with small molecules is being explored as a method for rescuing the activity of ‘old’ antibiotics, providing a novel synergistic approach to antimicrobial discovery.
Distinct signalling mechanisms mediate neutrophil attraction to bacterial infection and tissue injury

The signals that guide neutrophils to sites of tissue injury or infection remain elusive. H2O2 has been implicated in neutrophil sensing of tissue injury and transformed cells; however, its role in neutrophil recruitment to infection has not been explored. Here, using a pharmacological inhibitor of NADPH oxidases, diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), and genetic depletion of an epithelial‐specific NADPH oxidase, we show that H2O2 is not required for neutrophil detection of localized infection with the Gram‐negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In contrast, PI3K signalling is required for neutrophil responses to both wounding and infection. In vivo imaging using a H2O2 probe detects dynamic H2O2 generation at wounds but not at infected tissue. Moreover, DPI no longer inhibits neutrophil wound attraction when P. aeruginosa is present in the media. Finally, DPI also fails to inhibit neutrophil recruitment to localized infection with the Gram‐positive bacterium, Streptococcus iniae. Our findings demonstrate that different signals are involved in sensitizing neutrophils to pathogen versus non‐pathogen induced tissue damage, providing a potential target to preferentially suppress non‐specific immune damage without affecting the response to infection.
Health-Related Quality of Life and Trauma History in Adults With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Many with schizophrenia report exposure to trauma which may reduce health-related quality of life (HRQOL). To explore whether different forms of trauma are linked to different domains of HRQOL, and whether multiple trauma experiences have a cumulative effect, trauma history was gathered along with a measure of HRQOL among 102 adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Participants were divided into those with and without report of sexual trauma, assault trauma, and trauma related to harm to others. Analysis of variance revealed that participants endorsing sexual trauma had poorer levels of general health, vitality, emotional-related role function, and mental health. Participants endorsing trauma related to harm to others reported poorer physical-related role function, general health, social function, and emotional-related role function. No evidence was found linking assaulted-related trauma to HRQOL. Greater numbers of trauma were related to poorer HRQOL. Results suggest differing forms of trauma may individually and cumulatively impact HRQOL in schizophrenia.
Longitudinal profiles of carbon dioxide fixation capacities in marine macroalgae.

Fucus serratus L. , Fucus spiralis L. , and Fucus vesiculosus L. (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) as well as Laminaria digitata (Huds.) Lamour. , Laminaria hyperborea (Gunn.) Fosl. , and Laminaria saccharina (L.) Lamour. (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) have been investigated for the distribution of enzymic CO(2) fixation capacities via phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (EC 4.1.1.32) (PEP-CK) and via ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.39) (RubP-C) in different regions of the thalli. The maximum of PEP-CK activity is found to be confined to the growing regions of the algae, while the activity of RubP-C achieves its highest values in the entirely differentiated parts of the fronds. These findings are confirmed by the results of photosynthetic and light-independent (dark) carbon assimilation as determined by in vivo(14)CO(2) fixation. The physiological significance of these differential patterns of carboxylation patterns is discussed with respect to the ontogenetic stage and the chemical constitution of the different thallus parts.
Ordinal depth information from accommodation?

The ability to judge egocentric distance was assessed in two groups of six observers using a manual pointing task. The purpose of the study was to determine the extent to which blur-driven accommodation can provide information on target distance in the absence of any retinal cues to distance. Observers were extremely accurate when carrying out the pointing task in a ‘fullcue’ condition. In contrast, observers were extremely poor at carrying out the task when accommodation was the only distance cue available. Responses on individual trials bore little relationship to the actual target distance in any of the observers. On the other hand, accommodation weakly biased the mean responses in some observers. This bias appears to be due to the observers' effective use of accommodation to determine whether the target presented in one trial was nearer or further away than the target presented in the previous trial. Accommodation therefore appears to provide ordinal information, although the distance signal may actually arise from accommodation-driven vergence. The poverty of accommodation as a source of metric information was highlighted in a second group of observers who all demonstrated a strong bias when perceiving distance in the presence of an initially ambiguous retinal cue. It is concluded that accommodation can act as a source of ordinal distance information in the absence of other cues to distance but the contribution of accommodation to normal distance perception in full-cue conditions is questioned.
Generating and Assessing Consumer’s Innovation Adoption through Consumer Innovativeness, Innovation Characteristics and Perceived Brand Innovativeness

Concerning the digitalism, globalization and competition; offering innovative products or services starts to become a critical issue for banks. Banks adapt its technological infrastructure for mobile banking applications to serve in more efficient and valuable way to their existing and potential customers. Unlike with the western countries, mobile technologies usage in developing countries have skipped lots of steps and become so popular. So for, one of the emerging market was chosen for the data collection and data were collected via internet survey with 451 participants. The effects of innovation characteristics (compatibility, ease of use, perceived usefulness, observability, perceived risk), consumer innovativeness and consumer perceived brand innovativeness on consumer innovation adoption were investigated in a holistic model. The results suggested that innovation characteristics had the most impact on consumer innovation adoption. Among these characteristics, compatibility and observability were most influential factors. Consumer innovativeness also affected adoption of innovations. However, contrary to the expectations, consumer perceived brand innovativeness’ effect on adoption was not supported. Future research directions and managerial implications were also given.