Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship between EEG delta activity and autonomic activity as measured by SCSB during daytime sleep

SUMMARY The aim of the present work was to study the applicability of the static‐charge‐sensitive bed (SCSB) method to sleep studies, by comparing autonomic nervous activity measured with the SCSB and EEG delta activity (0.5–2 Hz). Simultaneous polygraphic and SCSB measurements of the first sleep cycle (110 min) were recorded from seven subjects. The amount of delta activity filtered from the EEG was compared in 3 min epochs to an autonomic activity index (AAI) based on cardiac, respiratory and body movement activity.
Post-treatment evaluation of a magnetic activator device in Class II high-angle malocclusions.

SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in dentofacial growth before, during, and after use of a magnetic activator device (MAD) II in high-angle Class II division 1 patients. Lateral cephalometric and hand-wrist radiographs of 10 patients (six girls and four boys) with an average chronological age of 10 years 5 months were obtained at the beginning of the observation period (T1, 9.5 months), beginning of MAD II application (T2), at the end of the treatment (T3), and approximately 4 years after the end of treatment (T4). Thirteen linear, 1 ratio, and 10 angular measurements were evaluated. Paired t-tests were used for statistical evaluation of differences that occurred between the time points. The increase in gonial angle, GnGoAr angle, S-N, Co-Gn, Go-Ar, ANS-Me, S-Go, and N-Me distances and the decrease of overjet, U1-NA distance, and ANB angle were statistically significant during the treatment. At T4, there was a decrease in gonial angle and U1-NA distance, which was significant. The changes as a result of treatment were stable at T4.
Generation of optical coherent-state superpositions by number-resolved photon subtraction from the squeezed vacuum

We have created heralded coherent-state superpositions (CSSs) by subtracting up to three photons from a pulse of squeezed vacuum light. To produce such CSSs at a sufficient rate, we used our high-efficiency photon-number-resolving transition edge sensor to detect the subtracted photons. This experiment is enabled by and utilizes the full photon-number-resolving capabilities of this detector. The CSS produced by three-photon subtraction had a mean-photon number of 2.75{sub -0.24}{sup +0.06} and a fidelity of 0.59{sub -0.14}{sup +0.04} with an ideal CSS. This confirms that subtracting more photons results in higher-amplitude CSSs.
Thrombolytic and Haemorrhagic Effects of Bolus Doses of Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and a Hybrid Plasminogen Activator with Prolonged Plasma Half-Life (K2tu-PA: CGP 42935)

Summary K2tu-PA is a hybrid plasminogen activator linking the kringle 2 domain of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) to the catalytic protease domain of single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA). K2tu-PA, as t-PA has high affinity for fibrin and is activated by fibrin but has a longer plasma half-life (over 30 min). The aim of this study was to compare the effects of bolus doses of recombinant t-PA (rt-PA) and K2tu-PA, on: 1) lysis of preformed thrombi (fibrinolysis), 2) accretion of new fibrin on pre-existing thrombi during fibrinolysis (thrombus growth), 3) thrombolysis as assessed by reduction of thrombus weight and 4) systemic plasma proteolysis and blood loss from a standard wound. A jugular vein thrombosis model and an ear bleeding model were adopted in rabbits. Saline produced 11 ± 2% fibrinolysis. rt-PA, 0.2 mg/kg, 0.4 mg and 0.8 mg/kg produced 35 ± 4%, 54 ± 4% and 78 ± 6% fibrinolysis, respectively. K2tu-PA, at the same doses, produced 39 ± 5%, 57 ± 6% and 83 ± 6% fibrinolysis, respectively. Thus, no differences in the fibrinolytic activity of rt-PA and K2tu-PA were observed. Injection of saline was followed by an accretion of 56.4 ± 5.9 μg of radioactive new fibrin on the thrombi. The injection of the three increasing doses of rt-PA was followed by an accretion of 54.9 ± 5.3 μg, 49.1 ± 6.1 μg and 47.2 ± 4.8 μg. The injection of three increasing doses of K2tu-PA was followed by an accretion of 38.1 ± 3.4 μg, 29.6 ± 2.5 μg and 17.1 ± 3.4 μg. At each of the three doses, K2tu-PA was more effective than rt-PA in reducing the accretion of new fibrin on the thrombi (p <0.01) and, as a consequence, in reducing thrombus weight (p <0.01). The two lower doses of rt-PA and K2tu-PA did not produce systemic proteolysis and bleeding. The highest dose of K2tu-PA produced a statistically significant more intense systemic proteolysis and bleeding than the highest dose of rt-PA. This study demonstrates that bolus doses of K2tu-PA and rt-PA produce a similar degree of fibrinolysis. Due to its longer half-life K2tu-PA is more efficient than rt-PA in inhibiting accretion of new fibrin on the thrombi during thrombolysis so that the thrombus size is more efficiently reduced. As a consequence the concomitant use of heparin might not be necessary. The potential increased risk of bleeding with bolus of high doses of K2tu-PA has to be seen in view of the advantage of avoiding the concomitant use of heparin.
Current status of the evaluation and management of antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplantation

Purpose of reviewAntibody-mediated rejection (AMR) has come to the forefront of clinical and research challenges in clinical transplantation. Despite the major progress made over the past two decades, there remains a large number of unanswered diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic questions. Here we review the recent studies that have helped improve our understanding of AMR. Recent findingsComplement binding capacity of the HLA antibodies using modified single antigen bead Luminex assays to detect C1q, C4d, or C3d binding, has been associated with risk of AMR and graft failure. However, this property correlates with the antibody mean fluorescent intensity, and, in many cases, may not add additional insight. The use of molecular methods to examine expression profiles in the kidney biopsy specimens, in peripheral mononuclear cells, or urinary chemokine signature, has improved our understanding of the mechanisms of AMR-induced injury and refined our current diagnostic tools. On the treatment front, monoclonal antiinterleukin 6 receptor antibody, and C1 esterase inhibitor have shown promising results in the pilot studies but further larger trials are needed to evaluate their safety and efficacy. SummaryWe are making constant progress in the pursuit of a better understanding the AMR process and finding new diagnostic and therapeutic options.
Eye-catching: Right hemisphere attentional bias for emotional pictures

To examine whether healthy individuals spontaneously direct attention to emotional pictures, eye movements were monitored continuously during the presentation of pairs of emotional and neutral pictures. A right hemisphere advantage was expected for initial orienting to emotional pictures. When an emotionally arousing picture was presented in the left visual hemifield, i.e., to the right hemisphere, the initial saccade was more often issued towards it, irrespective of valence. Negative pictures did not lead to avoidance throughout the 8-second trials; rather, both positive and negative valence held attention. This study adds to the evidence that overt attention to visual stimuli is boosted by emotion and that there is a right hemisphere advantage for orienting to emotional cues.
Repertoire diversity of antibody response to bacterial antigens in aged mice. IV. Study of VH and VL gene utilization in splenic antibody foci by in situ hybridization.

Mouse Abs against a bacterial epitope, the phosphorylcholine (PC) hapten are encoded by the T15 genes VH1(S107) and V kappa 22. It has been shown that PC-specific hybridomas from aged animals often express IgV gene families other than T15. To determine the extent of this age-dependent molecular shift in the anti-PC response, we examined antibody-forming cells (AFC) in individual young (2 to 4 month) and aged (20 to 24 month) mice by an in situ RNA hybridization. Mice were immunized either with PC coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin or with a Streptococcus pneumoniae strain R36a vaccine. Frozen splenic sections were prepared, and the clusters of PC-specific AFC (i.e., antibody foci) were identified by immunocytochemical staining. The adjacent splenic sections were hybridized with digoxigenin-labeled VH1(S107) and V kappa 22 DNA probes and with a C mu DNA probe as a control. The splenic sections were examined for 1) the number of Ab foci hybridized with the T15 probes, and 2) the estimated proportion of VH1+ and V kappa 22+ AFC within each focus. The results were comparable regardless of the form of PC Ag administered. Virtually all Ab foci (> 85%) in young mice hybridized with the T15 probes and were occupied by the VH1+/V kappa 22+ AFC. In aged mice, the fraction of PC-binding Ab foci that hybridized with a given T15 probe varied from 35% to > 85%; T15+ AFC always represented a minor population of the focus (< 50%), the remaining PC-specific AFC being C mu + but T15-. Also, there appeared to be a greater loss of the V kappa 22 expression relative to the VH1(S107). Thus it appears that the T15+, PC-reactive B cells in aged mice responded to the Ag but that they could not dominate the response. The possibility of an intrinsic molecular change in the aging B cells in discussed.
Evaluation the Effects of Aluminium Phosphid on Testicular Histomorphometric in Adult Rat

Aluminium phosphide (ALP) is available in the form of tablets or pellets. Tablets are dark brown or grayish in color and ALP poisoning was found to be the most common cause of acute poisoning in India. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ALP poisoning on spermatogenic cells. This study was performed on 14 male wistar that rats divided into 2 groups of 7 rats per group. For experimental groups was regularly fed ALP for 24hour in 2 mg/kg concentration. Treatment was carried out for 24 hours. Histological evaluation on testis section was performed using tissue processing and hematoxylineosin stainig and parameters of seminiferous tubules in testes. The result indicated that there were no significant differences between groups for spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatid, sertoli, leydig cells number and also in diameter, circumference and area of seminiferous tubules in experimental group when compared with control group. We canclued that ALP have not significant differences in low dose on reproductive system, it may have histopathological changes in upper dose on reproductive system, more experimental investigation are necessary to do.
Effectiveness of pressure‐immobilization first aid for snakebite requires further study

In the prospective Royal Darwin Hospital snakebite study, pressure‐immobilization first aid (PI) was used more often than in previous studies. However, bandages were not uncommonly too loose or not applied to the whole limb and immobilization was often neglected. While PI should continue to be promoted as the standard for Australia for the present, prospective multicentre studies of snakebite with quantitative assays for blood venom concentration will hopefully better elucidate the real effectiveness of PI and define the limitations of timing of application and determine the optimum types of bandage materials to use and the pressure required to be maintained.
Racial Differences in Coronary Artery Lesions: A Comparison of Coronary Artery Lesions Between Mainland Chinese and Australian Patients

Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare coronary lesions in mainland Chinese and Australians using coronary angiography (CAG). Methods and results: 6251 suspected coronary heart disease (CHD) patients (3021 Chinese patients from Nanjing and 3230 Australian patients from Sydney) who underwent a CAG between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2003, were studied. Of these, 69.4% Chinese and 75.5% Australians were diagnosed with CHD. The incidences of both left main coronary artery (LM) and left anterior descending branch (LAD) lesions in Australians were higher than that for Chinese of the same gender. In the same age range, above 40, Gensini scores of Australians were significantly higher than those of Chinese. Conclusion: In both Chinese and Australians, men had more severe coronary lesions than women. Comparison among different age ranges in the 2 ethnic groups shows that Australians typically have artery lesions more than 10 years earlier than mainland Chinese.
Characterization of a human ovarian teratocarcinoma‐derived cell line

A cell line (PA I), derived from human ovarian teratocarcinoma cells, was obtained by culturing ascitic fluid cells from a patient with recurrence of malignant ovarian teratoma. During early passages the cultured cells showed a variable morphology, a long doubling time, and a low plating efficiency (2 %). After about 50 passages in vitro, a cell population which was more homogenous and resembled embryonal carcinoma cells were obtained. These cells had a shorter doubling time (26 h), and increased plating efficiency (77 %). The early‐passage cells were aneuploid (P 24) whereas the late‐passage cells had a normal diploid karyotype with one balanced translocation between chromosomes No. 15 and No. 20 (P 224). Details of the karyotype suggest that the cells are heterozygous, i.e. derived from a stage before the first meiotic division. One of the two X chromosomes was inactive, and the cells expressed HLA antigens (A28 and B12), and β2‐microglobulin. Expression of F9 antigen, characteristic of two‐cell and later preimplantation embryos, was absent, while expression of PCC4 antigen, expressed also by blastocysts, was present. This finding suggests that the line might express some embryonic characteristics.
Bovine CD 4 1 T-Lymphocyte Clones Specific for Rhoptry-Associated Protein 1 of Babesia bigemina Stimulate Enhanced Immunoglobulin G 1 ( IgG 1 ) and IgG 2 Synthesis

Optimal protective immunity against babesial infection is postulated to require both complement-fixing and opsonizing antibodies in addition to gamma interferon (IFN-g)-mediated macrophage activation. The rhoptryassociated protein 1 (RAP-1) of Babesia bigemina induces partial protective immunity and is a candidate vaccine antigen. Previous studies demonstrated that cattle immunized with native protein that were subsequently protected against challenge had a strong IFN-g and weaker interleukin-4 (IL-4) response in immune lymph node lymphocytes that reflected the cytokine profile of the majority of CD4 T-cell clones obtained from peripheral blood. RAP-1-specific T helper (Th) cell clones that coexpress IFN-g and IL-4 are typical of numerous parasite-specific clones examined. However, the function of such cells as helper cells to enhance immunoglobulin secretion by bovine B cells has not been reported. In cattle, both immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG2 can fix complement, but IgG2 is the superior opsonizing subclass. Therefore, studies were undertaken to ascertain the functional relevance of RAP-1-specific, CD4 Th0 cells as helper cells to enhance IgG1 and/or IgG2 production by autologous B lymphocytes. For comparison, Th0 clones specific for the metazoan parasite Fasciola hepatica that expressed relatively more IL-4 than the B. bigemina-specific Th cells were similarly assayed. B. bigemina RAP-1-specific clones could enhance production of both IgG1 and IgG2 by autologous B cells, whereas Th cell clones specific for F. hepatica enhanced predominantly IgG1 production. The capacity to enhance IgG2 production was associated with production of IFN-g by Th cells cocultured with B cells, antigen, and IL-2. The in vitro helper T-cell activity of these T-cell clones was representative of the in vivo serologic responses, which were composed of a mixed IgG1-IgG2 response in B. bigemina RAP-1 immune cattle and a biased IgG1 response in F. hepatica-immune cattle.
Significance of Softmax-Based Features over Metric Learning-Based Features

The extraction of useful deep features is important for many computer vision tasks. Deep features extracted from classification networks have proved to perform well in those tasks. To obtain features of greater usefulness, end-to-end distance metric learning (DML) has been applied to train the feature extractor directly. End-to-end DML approaches such as Magnet Loss and lifted structured feature embedding show state-of-the-art performance in several image recognition tasks. However, in these DML studies, there were no equitable comparisons between features extracted from a DML-based network and those from a softmax-based network. In this paper, by presenting objective comparisons between these two approaches under the same network architecture, we show that the softmax-based features are markedly better than the state-of-the-art DML features for tasks such as fine-grained recognition, attribute estimation, clustering, and retrieval.
Insights on HIV‐1 Tat:P/CAF bromodomain molecular recognition from in vivo experiments and molecular dynamics simulations

Structural and functional studies indicate that, through its bromodomain, the cellular acetyltransferase P/CAF binds the acetylated Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) and promotes transcriptional activation of the integrated provirus. Based on the NMR structure of P/CAF complexed with an acetylated Tat peptide, here we use molecular dynamics simulations to construct a model describing the interaction between full length Tat and the P/CAF bromodomain. Our calculations show that the protein–protein interface involves hydrophobic interactions between the P/CAF ZA loop and the Tat core domain. In particular, tyrosines 760 and 761 of P/CAF, two residues that are highly conserved in most known bromodomains, play an essential role for the binding. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments performed in this work demonstrate that P/CAF proteins in which these tyrosines are mutated into hydrophilic residues neither bind to Tat inside the cells nor mediate Tat transactivation. The combination of theoretical and in vivo studies provides new insights into the specificity of bromodomain recognition. Proteins 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recognition of SCCmec Types According to Typing Pattern Determined by Multienzyme Multiplex PCR-Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

ABSTRACT Multienzyme multiplex PCR-amplified fragment length polymorphism (ME-AFLP) typing is a reliable and simple method for typing of bacterial species. In this study we analyzed two well-documented strain collections of Staphylococcus aureus and compared ME-AFLP typing results with results of various other typing methods. The discriminatory power of ME-AFLP was found comparable to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and typing results were highly concordant. ME-AFLP typing presents a suitable method for prescreening of large strain collections. Furthermore, the obtained typing patterns were found to cluster according to the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec types of the strains.
Value of PAX-8 and SF-1 Immunohistochemistry in the Distinction Between Female Adnexal Tumor of Probable Wolffian Origin and its Mimics

Female adnexal tumors of probable wolffian origin (FATWOs) are rare. They can closely mimic endometrioid adenocarcinomas with a prominent spindle cell component and Sertoli cell tumors (SCTs). To further define their immunohistochemical profile and origin, we investigated the expression of PAX-8, PAX-2, and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA-3) (wolffian markers) and of steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) (sex-cord stromal marker) in FATWOs. We also studied the expression of PAX-8 and PAX-2 in endometrioid adenocarcinomas; of SF-1 in Sertoli-Leydig cell and SCTs; and of PAX-8, PAX-2, GATA-3, and SF-1 in rete ovarii—a proposed site of origin for FATWOs. A database search yielded 8 FATWOs, 18 ovarian/tubal/paraovarian endometrioid adenocarcinomas, and 8 ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell and SCTs. Eleven cases with rete ovarii sections were included. Of the FATWOs studied, all were negative for PAX-8, PAX-2, GATA-3, and SF-1. Of the endometrioid adenocarcinomas studied, PAX-8 was positive in all and PAX-2 was positive in 57%. Of the Sertoli-Leydig cell and SCTs, all were positive for SF-1 except one. The rete ovarii were positive for PAX-8, weakly positive for SF-1, and negative for PAX-2 and GATA-3. Our study suggests that PAX-8 and SF-1 can be helpful in the distinction between FATWOs and endometrioid adenocarcinomas and SCTs, respectively. Our results do not support a Mullerian or sex-cord stromal or rete ovarii origin for FATWOs. It is curious, however, that FATWOs do not express wolffian markers—it is possibly related to their origin from a distinctive portion of the wolffian duct.
New results for NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometric mixers above 1 THz

NbN Hot Electron Bolometric (HEB) mixers have produced promising results in terms of DSB receiver noise temperature (2800 K at 1.56 THz). The LO source for these mixers is a gas laser pumped by a CO/sub 2/ laser and the device is quasi-optically coupled through an extended hemispherical lens and a self-complementary log-periodic toothed antenna. NbN HEBs do not require submicron dimensions, can be operated comfortably at 4.2 K or higher, and require LO power of about 100-500 nW. IF noise bandwidths of 5 GHz or greater have been demonstrated. The DC bias point is also not affected by thermal radiation at 300 K. Receiver noise temperatures below 1 THz are typically 450-600 K and are expected to gradually approach these levels above 1 THz as well. NbN HEB mixers thus are rapidly approaching the type of performance required of a rugged practical receiver for astronomy and remote sensing in the THz region.
Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 2A blocks calcium mobilization in B lymphocytes

LMP2A is expressed in latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and interacts with LMP1 and members of the src tyrosine kinase family in the plasma membrane. Since tyrosine kinase mediate receptor-induced changes in intracellular free calcium, the effect of LMP2A on receptor-mediated intracellular calcium mobilization was evaluated by stably expressing LMP2A in an EBV-negative Burkitt tumor cell line (BJAB) or in LMP1-converted BJAB cells. LMP2A significantly blocked calcium mobilization following class II, CD19, or immunoglobulin M cross-linking. LMP2A effects were partially reversed in LMP1-converted cell lines. These results are compatible with LMP2A acting in latent B-lymphocyte infection to downmodulate LMP1 effects on cell growth or to inhibit induction of lytic EBV infection in specific human tissues following receptor ligation.
VOCAL REPERTOIRE OF THE LONG-TAILED MANAKIN AND ITS RELATION TO MALE-MALE COOPERATION'

We examined the vocal repertoire of lek-mating Long-tailed Manakins (Chi- roxiphia linearis, Pipridae) in Monteverde, Costa Rica. Males in this genus are unusual in performing a cooperative courtship display, including duet songs and coordinated dual-male dance displays. Males give at least 13 distinct vocalizations, several of which occur in clear behavioral contexts. By observing the behavioral context and the sequence in which calls were given, we found that the most frequent calls occurred during three types of activity: song bouts, dance, and noncourtship interactions. The responses of males to playback of six vocalizations indicated that the calls function as much in mediating cooperative inter- actions as in expressing male-male agonism. The evolution of the large vocal repertoire in Long-tailed Manakins may be associated with their unique social system based on long- term, cooperative relationships among males.