Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Explorer Dynamic Coordination with Private Learning

We study coordination in dynamic global games with private learning. Players choose whether and when to invest irreversibly in a project whose success depends on its quality and the timing of investment. Players gradually learn about project quality. We identify conditions on temporal incentives under which, in sufficiently long games, players coordinate on investing whenever doing so is not dominated. Roughly speaking, this outcome occurs whenever players’ payoffs are sufficiently tolerant of non-simultaneous coordination. We also identify conditions under which players coordinate on the risk-dominant action. We provide foundations for these results in terms of higher order beliefs. ∗We thank Martin Cripps, Jeff Ely, Philippe Jehiel, John Moore, Stephen Morris, Emre Ozdenoren, Alessandro Pavan, Eran Shmaya, Ian Stewart, Muhamet Yildiz, and several anonymous referees for helpful comments. We are also grateful for comments from seminar participants at Bonn, Edinburgh, LSE, UCL, the 2007 Workshop on Global Games at Stony Brook, the ESEM 2007 in Budapest, Games 2008 in Evanston, and the ASSA 2008 in New Orleans. †a.dasgupta@lse.ac. uk ‡j-steiner@kellogg.northwestern. edu §colin.stewart@utoronto.ca
Morphometric indicators of the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs as affected by the inclusion of shrub in diet of heterozygotic naked neck chickens

Forty eight heterozygotic naked neck chickens (T451N), 24 females and 24 males in 28 days of age were arranged for evaluating the morphometric indicators of the gastrointestinal tract (full and empty) and its accessory organs with the inclusion of mulberry tree foliage ( Morus alba ) in the ration. Animals were distributed according to a random block design in four treatments and six replications consisting of a control (soybean meal-maize) and three inclusion levels of Morus alba (3%, 6% and 9%). The relative weight to live weight (%) of the indicators of the full gastrointestinal tract (GIT) increased significantly (p<0.05) the highest MA inclusion (6 and 9%) in comparision to the control by 3 % MA meal. However, proventriculus and ceca weights of the empty GIT were similar regardless the inclusion MA levels but significantly (p<0.05) difference was shown by from the control treatment. Similar performance was observed in accessory glands. Results have suggested that the possibility of including up to 3 % foliage meal of Morus alba in rations for heterozygotic naked neck chickens without affecting the morphometry of the gastrointestinal tract and its accessory organs.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Socialized choices : Labour market behaviour of Dutch mothers Ruitenberg ,

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The Impact of Employee Stock Options Issued by Companies on Stock Repurchases

This study presents significant factors that affect firms' decision whether to repurchase shares or not. Empirical results show that when the debt ratio is lower, the stock price is seriously underpriced and the firm size is larger, firms tend to buyback their own shares. Regarding employee stock options, managers seem to buy more treasury stocks when the levels of these stock options are high. This includes total options outstanding, executive options outstanding, executive options exercisable and unexercisable. Furthermore, firms have a significantly positive effect on the announcement return of stock repurchases prior to companies issuing stock options. This result holds for both long-run and short-run periods. But the long-run return turns to be significantly negative after companies issued stock options. This shows that the signaling hypothesis may be replaced by the option-funding hypothesis. This also implies that employee stock options have a great impact on the decision to stock repurchases.
Impact of the Indian Ocean dipole on the relationship between the Indian monsoon rainfall and ENSO

The influence of the recently discovered Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) on the interannual variability of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) has been investigated for the period 1958‐1997. The IOD and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have complementarily affected the ISMR during the last four decades. Whenever the ENSO‐ISMR correlation is low (high), the IOD‐ISMR correlation is high (low). The IOD plays an important role as a modulator of the Indian monsoon rainfall, and influences the correlation between the ISMR and ENSO. We have discovered that the ENSO‐induced anomalous circulation over the Indian region is either countered or supported by the IOD‐induced anomalous meridional circulation cell, depending upon the phase and amplitude of the two major tropical phenomena in the Indo‐Pacific sector.
Cooperative ordering in lattices of interacting two-level dipoles

We investigate the cooperative behavior of regular monolayers of driven two-level dipoles, using classical electrodynamics simulations. The dipolar response results from the interference of many cooperative eigenmodes, each frequency-shifted from the single resonant dipole case, and with a modified lifetime, due to the interactions between dipoles. Of particular interest is the kagome lattice, where the semiregular geometry permits simultaneous excitation of two dominant modes, one strongly subradiant, leading to an electromagnetically induced transparencylike interference in a two-level system. The interfering modes are associated with ferroelectric and antiferroelectric ordering in alternate lattice rows with long-range interactions.
Continuous Generation of TiO 2 Nanoparticles by an Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Enhanced Process

A novel method for the continuous generation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles by dielectric barrier discharge process is presented using titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) and water as precursors. The aerosol generator employs an atmospheric pressure plasma enhanced nanoparticle synthesis (APPENS) process of alternative current (AC). The influences of applied voltage, frequency and precursor molar ratio on the generated particles were described by the SEM, XRD, and SMPS analyses. The results showed that TiO2 particles appear to be in a broad size range of bi-modal distribution when no voltage is applied. While after applying the AC plasma they become uni-modal distributed with average sizes range from around 30 to 60 nm. The applied electric frequency can be adjusted to either generate nanoparticles after the plasma reactor or develop a thin film in the reactor. An increase in the precursor molar ratio leads larger particles with a broader size distribution.
Peak‐temperature patterns of polyphase metamorphism resulting from accretion, subduction and collision (eastern Tauern Window, European Alps) – a study with Raman microspectroscopy on carbonaceous material (RSCM)

Raman microspectroscopy on carbonaceous material (RSCM) from the eastern Tauern Window indicates contrasting peak‐temperature patterns in three different fabric domains, each of which underwent a poly‐metamorphic orogenic evolution: Domain 1 in the northeastern Tauern Window preserves oceanic units (Glockner Nappe System, Matrei Zone) that attained peak temperatures (Tp) of 350–480 °C following Late Cretaceous to Palaeogene nappe stacking in an accretionary wedge. Domain 2 in the central Tauern Window experienced Tp of 500–535 °C that was attained either within an exhumed Palaeogene subduction channel or during Oligocene Barrovian‐type thermal overprinting within the Alpine collisional orogen. Domain 3 in the Eastern Tauern Subdome has a peak‐temperature pattern that resulted from Eo‐Oligocene nappe stacking of continental units derived from the distal European margin. This pattern acquired its presently concentric pattern in Miocene time due to post‐nappe doming and extensional shearing along the Katschberg Shear Zone System (KSZS). Tp values in the largest (Hochalm) dome range from 612 °C in its core to 440 °C at its rim. The maximum peak‐temperature gradient (≤70 °C km−1) occurs along the eastern margin of this dome where mylonitic shearing of the Katschberg Normal Fault (KNF) significantly thinned the Subpenninic‐ and Penninic nappe pile, including the pre‐existing peak‐temperature gradient.
In vitro antibacterial and antidiarraheic activity of root bark extract of Anogeissus leiocarpa (Combretaceae) during an experimental bacterial diarrhea induced by Escherichia coli extended-spectrum -lactamases (ESBL) in albino Wistar rats

The present study was conducted to investigate in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of the root bark extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC) Guill. & Perr, in Escherichia coli extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-induced diarrhea in rat. The antibacterial activity was performed in vitro by determining the inhibition zone using standard agar diffusion method as well as in vivo on E. coli infected Wistar rat model. Both minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were carried through microdilution method. Results obtained in this study indicated that ethanolic and acetatic extracts were only active on bacteria presenting an inhibition zone range from 8 to 16 mm. The MIC observed in agar slant tubes ranged from 6.25 to 50 mg/ml. The ethanolic fraction of A. leiocarpa (ETHA) showed the highest in vitro antibacterial activity against strains with MICs ranging from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/ml and MBCs ranging from 12.5 to 25 mg/ml. In vivo, after infection, diarrhea increased faeces frequency, weight and volume faeces and bacterial faeces load to a maximum on the 2nd day after infection (P < 0.01). ETHA normalized the appearance, weight, volume and water content of faeces. To all doses, like ciprofloxacin it reduced significantly (P < 0.05) the bacterial growth compared to control Lot (infected and untreated). The death rate in diarrheic control Lot was 50% by Day 14. No death was recorded in Lot treated with ciprofloxacin and Lot treated with ethanolic fraction at dose of 2222.22 mg/kg body weight (bw). This study supports the use of A. leiocarpa in the traditional treatment of bacterial infections and offer many perspectives in the search for new molecules against resistant microbial strains. Key words: Anogeissus leiocapa, antibacterial activity, in vitro, in vivo, therapeutic.
Weak-lensing by the large scale structure in a spatially anisotropic universe: theory and predictions

This article details the computation of the two-point correlators of the convergence, E- and Bmodes of the cosmic shear induced by the weak-lensing by large scale structure assuming that the background spacetime is spatially homogeneous and anisotropic. After detailing the perturbation equations and the general theory of weak-lensing in an anisotropic universe, it develops a weak shear approximation scheme in which one can compute analytically the evolution of the Jacobi matrix. It allows one to compute the angular power spectrum of the E- and B-modes. In the linear regime, the existence of B-modes is a direct tracer of a late time anisotropy and their angular power spectrum scales as the square of the shear. It is then demonstrated that there must also exist o-diagonal correlations between the E-modes, B-modes and convergence that are linear in the geometrical shear and allow one to reconstruct the eigendirections of expansion. These spectra can be measured in future large scale surveys, such as Euclid and SKA, and oer a new tool to test the isotropy of the expansion of the universe at low redshift.
Developing global supply chain quality management systems

This paper presents a global supply chain quality management (SCQM) framework as an extension of the traditional supply chain operations and quality management. Three distinct groups of variables are adopted in this study to illustrate the conceptual framework: a hierarchy of design variables, a hierarchy of system variables, and a hierarchy of problem solving methods. The aim of this theoretical framework is to offer practical guidelines to global business leaders and their value chain partners. This study also involves interviews with senior executives from a multinational enterprise in Taiwan. Four major SCQM themes are identified – design for six sigma (DFSS); international standards; supply chain management (SCM); global leadership and human resource management. In this study, we also view the cycle of decision making as an integral part of any global SCQM strategy. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to develop priority indices for the following three hierarchical levels: environmental scanning, strategic choice, and tactical choice. The presented framework adopts a systems approach and ensures that quality conscious products are designed, manufactured, and distributed.
Construction of Listeria monocytogenes Mutants with In-Frame Deletions in Putative ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporters and Analysis ofTheir Growth under Stress Conditions

Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen that is difficult to eliminate since it can survive under different stress conditions such as low pH and high salt. Understanding its survival under stress conditions is important in controlling this pathogen in food. ABC transporters have been shown to be induced in L. monocytogenes subjected to high pressure and nisin treatments; therefore, we hypothesized that genes encoding the ABC transporters may be involved in general stress responses. To study the function of these genes, deletion mutants of ABC transporter genes (LMOf2365_1875, LMOf2365_1877) were created in L. monocytogenes F2365, and these deletion mutants were tested under different stress conditions. Compared to the wild type, ΔLMOf2365_1875 and ΔLMOf2365_1877 showed slower growth under nisin (250 μg/ml) and acid (pH 5) treatments. Under salt treatment (5% NaCl in minimal medium), ΔLMOf2365_1877 showed slower growth whereas ΔLMOf2365_1875 had growth similar to the wild type. Moreover, ΔLMOf2365_1875 had an increased capacity to form biofilms compared to the wild type. Our results indicate that these deletion mutants may be more sensitive to multiple stress conditions compared to the wild type, suggesting that LMOf2365_1875 and LMOf2365_1877 may contribute to the general stress response in L. monocytogenes. An understanding of the growth of these mutants under multiple stress conditions and their ability to form biofilms may help in the development of intervention strategies to control L. monocytogenes in food and in the environment.
Study of Zinc effects on quantitative and qualitative traits of winter wheat in saline soil condition

An experiment was conducted to optimize consumption of Zinc and evaluate of Zinc effects on quantitative and qualitative traits of winter wheat under saline soil condition. It was done by three replications in randomized complete block design. The experiment had four treatments as Control without Zn, 40 Kg.ha-1 Zn as ZnSO4, 80 Kg.ha-1 Zn as ZnSO4 in soil and 120 Kg.ha-1 Zn as ZnSO4 in soil. Eleven parameters including quantitative parameters and qualitative ones were measured. The highest grain yield (4355 Kg.ha-1) and highest Zn concentration in seeds (39.1 mg.kg-1) obtained by using of 120 Kg.ha-1 Zn as ZnSo4 as soil application. Seed protein content was affected by use of Zinc and significantly increased. The fourth treatment had a significant difference in compare to first and second treatments but didn’t a significant difference compared to third treatment. Results showed that protein content in seeds was affected by using of Zinc Sulfate and significantly increased. Use of Zinc Sulfate had not any effects on straw, ear per square meter, number of seed per ear and concentration of Fe, Mn and Cu in seeds. Totally, use of 80 Kg.ha-1 Zn as ZnSo4 in soil was recommended to obtain highest grain yield with high quality in saline condition.
WHAT EXPLAINS WIDENING PROFITABILITY DISPERSION AROUND THE WORLD

This study explores the fundamentals of profitability dispersion across ten countries between 1982 and 2007. Profitability dispersion level and its time-series behavior vary by year and by country. Both accounting and economic factors cause this phenomenon. Using aggregate data, we report evidence that the dispersion is significantly related to income smoothing, discretion in reported earnings, the presence of small firms, and macro firm performance. The presented results are almost robust to the definition of profitability dispersion and differences of legal system. Our research contributes to the literature on international differences in earnings properties.
Title : Measuring the Impact of Financial Intermediation : Linking Contract Theory

We study the impact that financial intermediation can have on productivity through the alleviation of credit constraints in occupation choice and/or an improved allocation of risk, using both static and dynamic structural models as well as reduced form OLS and IV regressions. Our goal in this paper is to bring these two strands of the literature together. Even though, under certain assumptions, IV regressions can recover accurately the true model-generated local average treatment effect, these are quantitatively different, in order of magnitude and even sign, from other policy impact parameters (e.g., ATE and TT). We also show that laying out clearly alternative models can guide the search for instruments. On the other hand adding more margins of decision, i.e., occupation choice and intermediation jointly, or adding more periods with promised utilities as key state variables, as in optimal multi-period contracts, can cause the misinterpretation of IV as the causal effect of interest.
Destination Brand Personality , Self-Congruity Theory and the Intention to Visit a Destination

Although in branding strategies the concept of brand personality is very popular with the aim of differentiating between similar consumer goods on the market, the characteristics of this concept remain insufficiently explored and in particular, as applied to tourism destinations. Marketers and researchers should also perceive tourists as individuals (not only as segments or groups), each with his/her selfopinion and self-perception which can define and affect his/her future behaviour and actions. Introducing the concept of self-congruity theory and its match with destination brand personality can be useful in predicting tourist behaviour. In this paper the researcher applied different method to examine the perceived brand personality of an unknown destination and its relation to the self-concept and intention to visit that destination. The hypothesis that claims there is a relationship between destination brand personality, self-congruity and the tourists’ intention to visit a certain destination was tested and supported after the analysis of the data obtained during the survey. The study results provide useful implications for destination marketers as to how should they evaluate and test destination branding and marketing efforts.
Professional ethics and teacher education

Abstract: This article focuses on issues related to ethics and training, part of a research project on ethical and deontological thinking in which, during its early stages, thirty six teachers from a variety of teaching levels were interviewed. We have identified some aspects related to the ethical training of teachers which are connected to other dimensions under study, namely the regulation and creation of a deontological code and the ethical, personal and professional conceptions of teachers. In addition to an interpretative analysis of data and a brief review of current legislation and studies, we have reflected on the perspectives and strategies to be considered in the ethical training of teachers.
Emergent and non-emergent species of harpacticoid copepods can be recognized morphologically

Emergence — the active movement of benthic organisms into the water column and back — has consequences for many ecological processes, e.g. benthopelagic coupling. Harpacticoid copepods are conspicuous emergers, but technical challenges have made it difficult to determine which species emerge, impeding the study of the ecology and evolution of the phenomenon. We examined data on harpacticoid emergence from 2 sandy, subtidal sites (~20 m deep) in the northern Gulf of Mexico and found 6 species that always emerged and 2 species that never emerged. An examination of the locomotor appendages revealed that the number of segments in the endopods of pereiopods 2-4 and the number of setae and spines on the distal exopod segments of pereiopods 2-4 can be used to distinguish emergers from non-emergers. We then successfully used these characters to predict the behavior of 3 additional species. Certain morphological differences may therefore allow differentiation of emergers from non-emergers.
Decoherence in adiabatic quantum computation

Recent experiments with increasingly larger numbers of qubits have sparked renewed interest in adiabatic quantum computation, and in particular quantum annealing. A central question that is repeatedly asked is whether quantum features of the evolution can survive over the long time-scales used for quantum annealing relative to standard measures of the decoherence time. We reconsider the role of decoherence in adiabatic quantum computation and quantum annealing using the adiabatic quantum master equation formalism. We restrict ourselves to the weak-coupling and singular-coupling limits, which correspond to decoherence in the energy eigenbasis and in the computational basis, respectively. We demonstrate that decoherence in the instantaneous energy eigenbasis does not necessarily detrimentally affect adiabatic quantum computation, and in particular that a short single-qubit $T_2$ time need not imply adverse consequences for the success of the quantum adiabatic algorithm. We further demonstrate that boundary cancellation methods, designed to improve the fidelity of adiabatic quantum computing in the closed system setting, remain beneficial in the open system setting. To address the high computational cost of master equation simulations, we also demonstrate that a quantum Monte Carlo algorithm that explicitly accounts for a thermal bosonic bath can be used to interpolate between classical and quantum annealing. Our study highlights and clarifies the significantly different role played by decoherence in the adiabatic and circuit models of quantum computing.
BACKCALCULATING NONLINEAR RESILIENT MODULI FROM DEFLECTION DATA

A method (ILLI-CALC) is presented for backcalculating nonlinear resilient moduli based on the interpretation of measured surface deflection basins. ILLI-PAVE, a stress-dependent finite-element pavement model, was used to generate data for developing algorithms and nomographs for deflection-basin interpretation. Nonlinear stress-dependent material characterizations are directly incorporated into the ILLI-CALC procedure. Solutions presented are for conventional flexible pavements composed of an asphalt concrete layer, a typical crushed-stone base layer, and a fine-grained subgrained subgrade soil. ILLI-CALC is illustrated for two different flexible pavements by using deflection data collected on several testing dates. Agreement is achieved between backcalculated material properties and laboratory-determined properties. Agreement is also achieved between measured and predicted deflection basins. The backcalculated parameters by using ILLI-CALC can be used as input for overlay design. The change in the stress state in the pavement-subgrade system caused by a change in the pavement cross section (overlay layer) is accounted for by the nonlinear stress-dependent characterization of the granular base and subgrade soil materials in the ILLI-PAVE model. (Author)