Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotional, Social, and Behavioral Functioning of Children With Sickle Cell Disease and Comparison Peers

Abstract:This research examined the emotional, social, and behavioral functioning of children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and classroom comparison peers from the perspective of primary and secondary caregivers. It was hypothesized that children with SCD would have more internalizing (emotional) and social problems and fewer externalizing (behavioral) problems than comparison peers. Caregivers of 70 children with SCD and 67 comparison peers completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) during visits to the children’s homes. Relative to comparison peers, children with SCD were perceived by primary caregivers as having more total and internalizing problems and less total competence. Additionally, significantly more children with SCD exceeded clinical cutoffs on the CBCL. While caregivers of children with SCD perceive these children to be at a slightly elevated risk for problems across multiple domains, a significant number of children with SCD have problems in the clinical range. The authors recommend that vigorous screening programs for mental health problems should be included in the routine care of children with SCD, and programs of psychosocial intervention research should be implemented to ameliorate problems for the children at greatest risk.
Cross-Sectional Assessment of the Relationships between Dyspnea Domains and Lung Function in Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease

Background: Activity-related dyspnea is the main contributor to the altered quality of life in diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD). Instruments pertaining to dyspnea are classified as pertaining to domains of sensory-perceptual experience, affective distress or symptom/disease impact; whether these domains are equally related to lung function impairments remains to be established. Objectives: They were to assess the relationships between two domains of dyspnea (sensory-perceptual experience and symptom impact) and pulmonary function tests according to their evaluation of ventilatory demand, capacity and drive in patients suffering from DPLD. Methods: Fifty patients were prospectively enrolled (median age, 58 years; 25 women) and underwent spirometry, body plethysmography, measurements of lung diffusion for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and nitric oxide, maximal airway pressures (capacity and demand assessments), mouth occlusion pressure at 0.1 s (P0.1: respiratory drive assessment) and a 6-min walk test with Borg score assessment (dyspnea: sensory domain). The impact domain of dyspnea was evaluated using the baseline dyspnea index. Results: The sensory domain of dyspnea was linked to demand (CO transfer coefficient, kCO) only, while the impact domain was independently linked to demand and capacity (kCO and forced vital capacity, respectively). Among resting pulmonary function tests, both P0.1 and DLCO allowed the assessment of these two domains of dyspnea. Conclusions: In DPLD, the sensory-perceptual domain of dyspnea is mainly linked to alterations in ventilatory demand while the impact domain is related to both demand and capacity. DLCO that assesses both demand and capacity and P0.1 were the strongest correlates of dyspnea.
INDUCTION OF CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYMES AFTER REPEATED EXPOSURE TO 4-VINYLCYCLOHEXENE IN B 6 C 3 F 1 MICE

4-Vinylcyclohexene (VCH), an ovarian toxicant in mice, is known to irreversibly deplete ovarian follicles as a consequence of VCH diepoxide formation. Because ovotoxicity requires repeated dosing of VCH, the effect of consecutive daily doses of VCH (7.5 mmol/kg/day) on mouse liver microsomal activities and VCH epoxidation was determined. Cytochromes P-450 2B and 2A (CYP2B and CYP2A), principle isoforms involved in the bioactivation of VCH, as well as CYP2E1 and CYP3A were evaluated. VCH exposure increased total cytochrome P-450 content (35–83% above control levels) after either 5, 10, or 15 days of treatment. Western blot analysis revealed an induction of CYP2A, CYP2B, and CYP2E1 at day 10. Elevated levels of CYP2A and CYP2B correlated with marker androstenedione and testosterone 16aand 16b-hydroxylase activities. Microsomes prepared from mice pretreated with VCH for 10 days demonstrated an increase (>2-fold) in the rate of VCH monoepoxide and diepoxide formation. Microsomal VCH epoxidation was increased to a similar extent by phenobarbital, acetone, and dexamethasone treatment. An increase in cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activity was observed after repeated VCH treatment, an enzyme potentially involved in detoxification of the VCH epoxides. Interestingly, preliminary studies indicated that circulating levels of the monoepoxide (vinylcyclohexene 1,2-monoepoxide) and diepoxide of VCH were elevated after repeated dosing of VCH. Overall, the results indicate that repeated exposure of VCH in mice induces cytochrome P-450-dependent activities, and in turn induction of its metabolism. Additional studies examining the toxicokinetics of VCH after repeated exposure are required to further delineate the relevance of induction in VCH-induced ovo-
Enterocutaneous fistula 14 years after prosthetic mesh repair of a ventral incisional hernia: a life-long risk?

THE PATIENT was an 82-year-old woman with Munchausen syndrome who had undergone multiple abdominal operations, including appendectomy, cholecystectomy, hysterectomy, bilateral salpingooophorectomy, splenectomy, adhesiolysis, and right hemicolectomy. She also had undergone three operations to repair a recurrent ventral incisional hernia. The last repair, in which Marlex mesh was used, had been performed 14 years before. In that procedure a subfascial technique was used, with the mesh being secured to the edges of the fascial defect. Tissue interposition between small-bowel loops and mesh was not possible because of a lack of omentum as a result of the prior operations. The patient had been in relatively good health for the last 14 years until she experienced spontaneous drainage of enteric contents from the midabdominal wall. She had no signs of sepsis, although she was malnourished. A fistulogram confirmed communication with the midjejunum. No mucosal irregularities were seen on the small-bowel series. A CT scan of the abdomen did not reveal any intraperitoneal collections. An 8-week trial of bowel rest, total parenteral nutrition, and somatostatin failed to spontaneously close the fistula. After the patient was nutritionally repleted, an exploratory laparotomy to resect the enterocutaneous fistula was performed. At the time of surgery, multiple adhesions were present between bowel loops . A loop of jejunum was densely adherent to the mesh, which had eroded into the bowel wall in one area (Figure). We resected this segment of jejunum, as well as all of the involved mesh, and performed a primary stapled anastomosis. The patient’s abdominal fascia was severely attenuated and, after excision of the remaining mesh, a 4 × 6-cm defect was present. The wound was closed with retention sutures, and the area of the fascial defect was allowed to heal by secondary intention. The postoperative course was complicated only by delayed return of bowel function, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 13, tolerating a regular diet.
Relationship between Tooth Colour, Skin Colour and Age: An Observational Study in Patients at the Ibadan Dental School

Normal.dotm 0 0 1 219 1251 UI 10 2 1536 12.0 0 false 18 pt 18 pt 0 0 false false false /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:. 0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} There is presently limited scientific knowledge in the literature about the relationship between tooth and skin colour and ability to provide fully edentulous patients with their natural tooth color on their complete dentures has always been a problem for clinicians. This observational study was carried out to investigate the possibility of using facial skin colour, gender or age as a guide for selection of teeth for prosthetic replacement of missing teeth in fully edentulous patients. A total number of 127 patients aged 18-60 years participated in this study. The Vita-Lumin and Cosmopolitan shade guides were used to select the color of the incisal third of both maxillary central incisors while facial skin colour selection was done using the L’Oreal True Illusion make up guide. No significant association was found between tooth shade and skin colour nor between tooth shade and gender ( P >.05). It was however observed that facial skin colour related to gender and tooth shade related to age significantly ( P <. 05). About 19% of the total participants in this study had lighter (L1) tooth shade than those in the existing stock shade guides. Within the limitations of this study, it may be concluded that facial skin colour does not significantly correlate with tooth color and may not be a reliable guide for artificial tooth color selection. Manufacturers should include lighter shades on the shade guides and acrylic teeth. The selection of artificial teeth should be a matter of individual judgment.
Association of Prognostic Value of Primary Tumor Location in Stage III Colon Cancer With RAS and BRAF Mutational Status

Importance We know of no data on the prognostic value of primary tumor location (PTL) according to BRAF, RAS, and microsatellite instability (MSI) status in patients who have undergone resection for colon cancer (CC) and have been treated with current standard adjuvant chemotherapy. Objective To determine the prognostic and predictive value of PTL according to BRAF, RAS, and MSI status in patients with stage III CC receiving adjuvant treatment with FOLFOX (folinic acid [leucovorin calcium], fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin) with or without cetuximab. Design, Setting, and Participants This post hoc analysis included patients with available tumor blocks of resected stage III colon adenocarcinoma who participated in the Pan-European Trials in Alimentary Tract Cancer (PETACC)-8 phase 3 randomized trial. Among the 2559 patients who underwent randomization, 1900 were screened by next-generation sequencing, which showed that 1869 had full information concerning PTL. We categorized primary tumor site as located proximal (right) or distal (left) to the splenic flexure. Main Outcomes and Measures The associations between PTL (right- vs left-sided) and disease-free survival (DFS), survival after relapse (SAR), and overall survival (OS) were assessed by Cox models and adjusted for clinical and pathological features, treatment, and MSI, BRAF, and RAS status. Results Among the 1869 patients (1056 [57%] male; mean [SD] age, 59.4 [9.5] years) with full molecular data analyzed, 755 (40%) had a right-sided tumor, 164 (10%) had MSI, 942 (50%) had RAS mutations, and 212 (11%) had BRAF mutations. Right-sided tumor location was not prognostic for DFS in the whole population but was associated with a shorter SAR (hazard ratio [HR], 1.54; 95% CI, 1.23-1.93; P = .001) and OS (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.02-1.54; P = .03). When looking at DFS in the different molecular subgroups, we found similar results for microsatellite-stable tumors and tumors with MSI; a better DFS in right-sided vs left-sided tumors in patients with RAS mutations (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.64-1.00; P = .046); and a worse DFS in right-sided vs left-sided tumors in patients with RAS and BRAF double wild type (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.01-1.92; P = .04). These results were found independently of the treatment received, and no beneficial effect of cetuximab on DFS or OS was observed in left-sided tumors. Conclusions and Relevance Although right-sided tumor location is associated with poor survival in patients with metastatic CC as previously reported, the association with disease recurrence appears to vary for patients with stage III CC and RAS or BRAF mutations vs those with double wild type.
Determination of the red blood cell ability to traverse cylindrical pores

An expression relating the red blood cell (RBC) volume and membrane surface area to the pore minimum radius/maximum length which the cell is able to traverse is derived. The application of this analytical model to design/specification of filters for RBC deformability evaluation is presented. The passage of the RBC's through relatively long (10 /spl mu/m or more) submicron radii pores, which the developed model demonstrates, is also discussed.
Enacting engagement online: framing social media use for the museum

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight and reflect on the increased use of social media in the museums sector in the UK and beyond. It seeks to explore the challenges of utilising such media for institutions steeped in discourses of authority, authenticity and materiality. Design/methodology/approach – Arguments are illustrated using examples of practice and policy from across the museums sector, and are informed by critical theory. In particular, Erving Goffman's frame analysis is used as a means for understanding and articulating the current use of social media by museums. Findings – There is currently a gulf between the possibilities presented by social media, and their use by many museums. This leads to forms of frame misalignment, which can be intensely problematic. It is crucial that museums increase their understanding of the frames within which such activity is being encouraged and experienced. Research limitations/implications – The paper does not offer a comprehensive mapping of social media use by museums at the current time. Rather, it uses notable examples to foreground a number of concerns for exploration through further research. Originality/value – The paper calls into question the naturalised discourse surrounding social media use in the museums sector. It calls for a re-appraisal and re-framing of such activity so that it might more genuinely and satisfactorily match the claims that are being made for and about it.
Allicin Characterization and its Determination by HPLC

Allicin has been synthesized and was purified by liquid chromatography. HPLC chromatograms recorded at different wavelengths reveal pure allicin at similar retention times. The purity of the allicin peak could be confirmed by diode array detection. Pure synthetic allicin has been identified by infrared and mass spectrometry and its spectra were characterized. For the quantitative determination of allicin from different sources, an external standard method has been elaborated.
Topographic organization of sensory afferents of Johnston's organ in the honeybee brain

Johnston's organ (JO) in insects is a multicellular mechanosensory organ stimulated by movement of the distal part of the antenna. In honeybees JO is thought to be a primary sensor detecting air‐particle movements caused by the waggling dance of conspecifics. In this study projection patterns of JO afferents within the brain were investigated. About 720 somata, distributed around the periphery of the second segment of the antenna (pedicel), were divided into three subgroups based on their soma location: an anterior group, a ventral group, and a dorsal group. These groups sent axons to different branches (N2 to N4) diverged from the antennal nerve. Dye injection into individual nerve branches revealed that all three groups of afferents, having fine collaterals in the dorsal lobe, sent axons broadly through tracts T6I, T6II, and T6III to terminate ipsilaterally in the medial posterior protocerebral lobe, the dorsal region of the subesophageal ganglion, and the central posterior protocerebral lobe, respectively. Within these termination fields only axon terminals running in T6I were characterized by thick processes with large varicosities. Differential staining using fluorescent dyes revealed that the axon terminals of the three groups were spatially segregated, especially in T6I, showing some degree of somatotopy. This spatial segregation was not observed in axon terminals running in other tracts. Our results show that projection patterns of JO afferents in the honeybee brain fundamentally resemble those in the dipteran brain. The possible roles of extensive termination fields of JO afferents in parallel processings of mechanosensory signals are discussed. J. Comp. Neurol. 502:1030–1046, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Supplemental Oxygen and Gastric pH in Unfed Preterm Infants

Hypoxia has been associated with decreased gastric acidity in infants and children. In neonates, an inverse relationship between gestational age and gastric acidity may confound this association. To assess the relationship between oxygen supplementation and gastric acidity in premature neonates, mean 24-hour continuous measurements of gastric pH, obtained by an indwelling flexible gastric pH probe, were compared in infants requiring and not requiring oxygen. Patients were <36 weeks' gestational age and were unfed before and during the assessment period. The gestational age of infants who required oxygen was less than that of infants who did not (30.5 \pm 3.0 vs 32.9 \pm 1.5 weeks, respectively). Other comparison variables were not different. The mean pH for infants requiring oxygen (4.4 \pm 1.7) was significantly greater than that of those not needing oxygen (2.7 \pm 1.2). After controlling for population characteristics and gestational age, we found that infants requiring oxygen still had significantly reduced gastric acidity.
B-CD8+ T Cell Interactions in the Anti-Idiotypic Response against a Self-Antibody

P3 is a murine, germline, IgM mAb that recognizes N-glycolylated gangliosides and other self-antigens. This antibody is able to induce an anti-idiotypic IgG response and B-T idiotypic cascade, even in the absence of any adjuvant or carrier protein. P3 mAb immunization induces the expression of activation markers in a significant percentage of B-1a cells in vivo. Interestingly, transfer of both B-1a and B-2 to BALB/Xid mice was required to recover anti-P3 IgG response in this model. In fact, P3 mAb activated B-2 cells, in vitro, inducing secretion of IFN-γ and IL-4, although this activation was not detected ex vivo. Interestingly, naïve CD8+ T cells increased the expression of activation markers and IFN-γ secretion in the presence of B-1a cells isolated from P3 mAb-immunized mice, even without in vitro restimulation. In contrast, B-2 cells were able to stimulate CD8+ T cells only if P3 was added in vitro. Using bioinformatics, a MHC class I-binding peptide from P3 VH region was identified. P3 mAb was able to induce a specific CTL response in vivo against cells presenting this peptide. Both humoral and CTL anti-idiotypic responses could be mechanisms to protect against the self-reactive antibody, contributing to keeping the tolerance to self-antigens.
Meckel's diverticulum; report of two unusual cases.

ALTHOUGH Meckel1 is usually credited with the first descriptions of the diverticulum in 1812, Hildanus2 first mentioned the lesion in 1598; Lavater3 described it again forty years before Meckel, and Ruysch4 presented a complete description in 1701. Deneke5 reported the first clinical case of ulcer in the diverticulum. Deetz6 originally demonstrated gastric tissue in the mucosa. Heterotopic pancreatic tissue was first noted by Zenker.7 Womack8 credits Tillmans with the first demonstration of hydrochloric acid secretion by the gastric glands in the diverticulum. Incidence The incidence of Meckel's diverticulum is generally accepted to be in the neighborhood of 2 per cent .
El Valsartán previene la resorción ósea en la periodontitis experimental

El papel del sistema de citocinas RANK/RANKL/OPG representa un avance significativo en el conocimiento de la funcion osea y la biologia osteoclastica. La periodontitis es una enfermedad infecciosa que afecta al hueso alveolar. La familia de proteinas denominadas receptores similares a Tall (TLRs), juegan un papel esencial en el reconocimiento de productos microbianos tales como los lipopolisacaridos (LPS) de la pared celular de las bacterias Gramnegativas subgingivales. La aplicacion de LPS en la encia de la rata produce una respuesta inflamatoria que progresa a periodontitis. Se sabe que la angiotensina II (ANG II) puede actuar como un factor pro-inflamatorio, aunque se desconoce su papel y el de su receptor AT1 en la periodontitis. Evaluamos el papel de la ANGII/AT1 en la periodontitis inducida por LPS en la rata mediante el uso de un bloqueante de los receptores AT1, el valsartan. La inyeccion de LPS en la encia de la rata produce un incremento sugnificativo en la expresion de los receptores TLR4 y RANK, del RANKL, una disminucion en la expresion de OPG y un incremento de la relacion RANKL/OPG. El bloqueo del receptor AT1 con valsartan previno las acciones del LPS, indicando la participacion de la ANG II en los procesos inflamatorios y en la regulacion de la resorcion osea en la periodontititis. Estos resultados constituyen un aparte novedoso acerca del papel de la ANG II/AT1 en la progresion de la periodontitis y abre nuevas rutas terapeuticas para el tratamiento de esta enfermedad.
Endothelial factors in the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic kidney disease Part II: Role in disease conditions a joint consensus statement from the European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Endothelin and Endothelial Factors and the Japanese Society of Hypertension

&NA; After examining in Part I the general mechanisms of endothelial cell injury in the kidney, the Working Group on Endothelin and Endothelial Factors of the European Society of Hypertension and the Japanese Society of Hypertension will herein review current knowledge on the role of endothelial dysfunction in multiple disease conditions that affect the kidney, including diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, solid organ transplantation, hyperhomocysteinemia and antiangiogenic therapy in cancer. The few available randomized controlled clinical trials specifically designed to evaluate strategies for correcting endothelial dysfunction in patients with hypertension and/or chronic kidney disease are also discussed alongside their cardiovascular and renal outcomes.
Impact of plasmatic lipids in glycemic control and its influence in the cardiometabolic risk in morbidly obese subjects.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether biochemical parameters are associated with a good glycemic control and to identify the occurrence of cardiometabolic risk variables. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred forty Brazilians were evaluated. The subjects were characterized with regard to glycemic control as good, fair and poor and were divided into tertiles by TG and HbA(1c). We use the ROC curve to determine which variables were predicted of poor glycemic control and the factor analyses to identify the domains that segregated among the risk variables. RESULTS Fasting glucose and insulin levels, TG level, VLDL-C and HOMA-IR increased significantly across HbA(1c) tertiles. The best marker for identification of poor glycemic control was triglycerides. The presence of cardiometabolic abnormalities did not alter the glycemic control, but HOMA-IR was significantly higher in subjects with abnormalities. CONCLUSION The use of TG levels offers a reasonable degree of clinical utility. In morbidly obese subjects insulin resistance is associated with individual cardiometabolic factors.