Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
STUDIES ON THE NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES OF KUNUNZAKI DRINK ENRICHED WITH COCOA POWDER

The effects of adding cocoa powder and different preservatives on the proximate composition, mineral, antioxidant and antinutrient contents of kununzaki – a fermented drink were investigated. The optimal processing conditions for the production of the drink enriched with cocoa powder was established. The most preferred sample (20%) in terms of cocoa powder addition was chosen with sensory evaluation after which preservatives were added. The drinks were stored at ambient and refrigerated temperatures for four weeks. The added cocoa powder increased the protein, ash, fat and moisture content from 1.40 to 3.12%, 0.16 to 0.38%, 0.38 to 0.93% and 84.95 to 91.20%, respectively and decreased the carbohydrate and energy content from 12.26 to 5.75% and 61.10 to 39.11 kJ, respectively. The pH decreased while the titratable acidity increased with storage time. The addition of cocoa powder increased the mineral content of the drinks significantly and increased the levels of some of the antinutrients but were within permissible level. There was an increase in the antioxidant activity. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the assessed sensory qualities. The study concluded that addition of 20% cocoa powder improved the protein, ash and fat content of Kununzaki and combination of lime and lemon not only improved the taste of the drink but also preserved the drinks longer than the commercial Kununzaki drinks for at least three weeks.
A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of intravenous fluid therapy in major elective open abdominal surgery: getting the balance right

The terminology used for describing intervention groups in randomised controlled trials (RCT) on the effect of intravenous fluid on outcome in abdominal surgery has been imprecise, and the lack of standardised definitions of the terms ‘standard’, ‘restricted’ and ‘liberal’ has led to some confusion and difficulty in interpreting the literature. The aims of this paper were to clarify these definitions and to use them to perform a meta-analysis of nine RCT on primarily crystalloid-based peri-operative intravenous fluid therapy in 801 patients undergoing elective open abdominal surgery. Patients who received more or less fluids than those who received a ‘balanced’ amount were considered to be in a state of ‘fluid imbalance’. When ‘restricted’ fluid regimens were compared with ‘standard or liberal’ fluid regimens, there was no difference in post-operative complication rates (risk ratio 0·96 (95% CI 0·56, 1·65), P=0·89) or length of hospital stay (weighted mean difference (WMD) −1·77 (95% CI −4·36, 0·81) d, P=0·18). However, when the fluid regimens were reclassified and patients were grouped into those who were managed in a state of fluid ‘balance’ or ‘imbalance’, the former group had significantly fewer complications (risk ratio 0·59 (95% CI 0·44, 0·81), P=0·0008) and a shorter length of stay (WMD −3·44 (95% CI −6·33, −0·54) d, P=0·02) than the latter. Using imprecise terminology, there was no apparent difference between the effects of fluid-restricted and standard or liberal fluid regimens on outcome in patients undergoing elective open abdominal surgery. However, patients managed in a state of fluid balance fared better than those managed in a state of fluid imbalance.
H . 264 / MPEG-4 AVC 移動估測的快速演算法與架構設計 Fast Algorithms and Architecture Designs for H . 264 / MPEG-4 AVC Motion Estimation 研 究 生 : 王裕仁 Student

With modern day advances in computer processing and multimedia applications, improvements in the area of image processing and video compression are analogous. Video compression allows the reduction of high-resolution video into a more compact memory space to thereby reduce storage and video processing resources during playback. According to the literature published before, we can find that the motion estimation process is the most time consumed part. To further realize this process, we can mainly divide it into two parts: integer motion estimation and fractional motion estimation. Integer motion estimation cost most part of time under the original algorithm unchanged. The main reason is that the search window is too large. So we have a very simple idea that we want to decrease the search window. We can reduce 88% (input sequence as CIF size) and 75% (input sequence as D1 size) search points respectively. Fractional motion estimation will not affect obviously under the original condition. But when the fast algorithm is applied for integer motion estimation, the portion of encoding time due to fractional motion estimation is getting larger. Based on the assumption of uni-modal error surface, we want to use the results of half pixel step to predict the slope of error surface. We also apply early termination technique. We can get 50% search points reduction in this part. By applying both fast algorithms, we get 20 times speed up with the input sequence size as 1280 x 720. Making use of hardware parallelism to speed up is also a common method in H.264 research field. By the benefit of applying fast fractional motion estimation algorithm, we decrease 40% area and speed up by 14% in our fast fractional motion estimation architecture.
Leadership change design: a professional learning community (PLC) project in eastern Indonesia

A professional learning community (PLC) is a long-term sustainable program that can replace professional development (PD) to enable teachers to become teacher leaders and school principals to become instructional leaders. Using a case study from the establishment of the PLC project in 10 schools of Eastern Indonesia (Saparua island, Maluku), this research develops a progressive leadership change model through an ADDIE instructional design that changes school leadership. The research aims to investigate how to identify the most effective leadership change model by exploring differrent forms of learning communities between school principals and teachers. Using an action research approach to solve the problem, the data were collected over a 10-month period when the PLC project activities took place and embedded them as empirical materials that complement each other. The findings show that the leadership change design through PLC runs effectively if value alignment occurs between school principals and teachers after the open environment is established. The data also highlight that aligned values must be embedded as school identities, whereas a school principal must act as a change leader in order to ensure that these changes are sustainable. This study concludes by proposing policy recommendations for policy makers and education stakeholders on how to develop PD and PLC in Indonesian schools.
Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography # 17 . 06 Collective Learning in China ' s Regional Economic Development

Industrial development is the process by which economies learn how to produce new products and services. But how do economies learn? And who do they learn from? The literature on economic geography and economic development has emphasized two learning channels: inter-industry learning, which involves learning from related industries; and inter-regional learning, which involves learning from neighboring regions. Here we use 25 years of data describing the evolution of China’s economy between 1990 and 2015–a period when China multiplied its GDP per capita by a factor of ten–to explore how Chinese provinces diversified their economies. First, we show that the probability that a province will develop a new industry increases with the number of related industries that are already present in that province, a fact that is suggestive of inter-industry learning. Also, we show that the probability that a province will develop an industry increases with the number of neighboring provinces that are developed in that industry, a fact suggestive of inter-regional learning. Moreover, we find that the combination of these two channels exhibit diminishing returns, meaning that the contribution of either of these learning channels is redundant when the other one is present. Finally, we address endogeneity concerns by using the introduction of high-speed rail as an instrument to isolate the effects of inter-regional learning. Our di fferences-in-di fferences (DID) analysis reveals that the introduction of high speed-rail increased the industrial similarity of pairs of provinces connected by high-speed rail. Also, industries in provinces that were connected by rail increased their productivity when they were connected by rail to other provinces where that industry was already present. These findings suggest that inter-regional and inter-industry learning played a role in China’s great economic expansion.
Beyond Max-weight Scheduling: A Reinforcement Learning-based Approach

As network architecture becomes complex and the user requirement gets diverse, the role of efficient network resource management becomes more important. However, existing network scheduling algorithms such as the max-weight algorithm suffer from poor delay performance. In this paper, we present a reinforcement learning-based network scheduling algorithm that achieves both optimal throughput and low delay. To this end, we first formulate the network optimization problem as an MDP problem. Then we introduce a new state-action value function called W-function and develop a reinforcement learning algorithm called W-Learning that guarantees little performance loss during a learning process. Finally, via simulation, we verify that our algorithm shows delay reduction of up to 40.8% compared to the max-weight algorithm over various scenarios.
Detection of Helicobacter Pylori in Gastric Biopsies of Patients with Chronic Gastritis: Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

Introduction: H. pylori infection is a major cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric B-cell lymphoma (MALT lymphoma). Infection with this organism affects more than half the world’s population. Although, several special stains have been used to detect H. pylori in histological sections; however, their sensitivity and specificity vary greatly. Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted to compare traditional staining methods with immunohistochemical method in diagnosing H. pylori in chronic gastritis. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective and prospective study, includes 985 gastric biopsies (471 retrospective and 514 prospective) with histopathological diagnosis of chronic gastritis. Slides were stained with Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), modified Giemsa and immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was done using polyclonal antibody marker for H. Pylori. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of the H&E, Giemsa stains was calculated. Results: Most of the biopsies were obtained from gastric antrum (895) by endoscopic method, followed by gastric body. Recurrent abdominal pain (92.79%) was the most frequently encountered clinical presentation. H. pylori was identified in 40.3% biopsies stained by H&E, followed by 49.2% of biopsies stained with modified Giemsa stain, the frequency of detection was greater with IHC stained sections 52.7%. Conclusion: Although H & E and modified Giemsa stains, are standard stains for detection of H. pylori; the reliability and yield is better using IHC stains; especially when present even in coccoid forms or in small numbers.
INNOVATION IN THE ENERGY SECTOR : EVIDENCE FROM THE COLLECTIVE SWITCHING CASE IN EUROPE November 2018

This paper investigates the factors that influence the dissemination of an energy policy innovation, the collective switching, adopting the business ecosystem as unit of analysis. Collective switching is a new phenomenon that recent literature has not yet investigated. It is characterised by a group of people with common characteristics that, through an intermediary, negotiates with the energy suppliers and, thanks to its bargaining power, is able to obtain advantageous contracts. The 6C framework is adopted in order to perform a cross-country analysis oriented to single out differences in the collective switching ecosystems. Through a comparative case study analysis, which examines in rich detail 11 European countries’ collective switching campaigns, this work provides an accurate description of the collective switching business ecosystem and the ways it reacts to a policy innovation. Semi-structured interviews, conducted with consumer associations that organised collective switching campaigns, provide insights for the definition of some policy interventions.
How do leaders support data mining and analytics projects ?

There are challenges associated with implementing data science, data mining, and analytics projects. Previous literature has explored the variety of technical and individual factors that relate to data mining success. However, a gap exists in the examination of the organizational factors that relate to data mining. These organizational factors have not been widely explored to date, which has left top leaders with little guidance on how to lead and manage these types of projects. This paper provides an examination of the role of the executive leader and their relationship and involvement in data science and analytics projects. The main research question focuses on whether top management support is a critical factor in the successful implementation of data science and related projects. This research effort is designed to provide leaders with specific strategies when implementing data science and analytics projects. The paper examines leadership from the perspective of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), initially developed by Ajzen (1985), and provides specific recommendations that leaders can follow for ensuring that data science, data mining, and analytics projects are successful within their organizations.
ICTs and Connectedness in Families of Filipino Migrant Workers

While migrant work brings economic benefits to developing countries like the Philippines, the separation of overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) from their children for long periods of time makes poor families vulnerable to negative social and developmental consequences. This study investigates whether and how children of OFWs in poor communities maintain their connectedness with their migrant parents via Internet use at home and in cybercafés. Frequency of Internet use and use of online applications (e.g. chat, social networking, email) to communicate with their parents was determined from a sample of 308 adolescent and young adult participants from an urban and rural community. Connectedness was measured via the children’s perceived knowledge of their parents’ lives overseas, the children’s perception of their parents’ knowledge about them, and their perception of their parents’ efforts to know more about them. Children whose primary Internet access was through cybercafés was compared with those who also had access at home, and those who accessed both at home and in cybercafés. The study found that having access to the Internet at home makes a significant difference in the connectedness between the child and his or her migrant parent, as it allows for more frequent communication than public access. Children’s reported knowledge of their parents, their
The rate of some complications and risk factors of diabetes in diabetic patients: Study on cases of 3218 diabetic patients

Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia which causes damage to various organs of the individual and reduces longevity. Because diabetes has multiple complications and risk factors which needs to be identified and prevented and So far, few studies have been conducted in Khuzestan province and in Shoushtar city about diabetes and its complications and risk factors. Therefore, this study is a five-year study of diabetic patients from 2014 to 2018 in Khatam-ol-Anbia Hospital of Shoushtar city, which contains 3218 cases. And it was done with the aim of determining the rate of some complications and risk factors of diabetes in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective cross-sectional analytical descriptive study. 3218 cases of diabetes patients hospitalized in Khatam-ol-Anbia Hospital, Shoushtar which was studied over the course of 5 years from 2014 to 2018. Information required for this study by survey of patients’ cases from 2014 to 2018 in the hospital medical records unit were extracted. Information reviewed in this study included demographic, laboratory and clinical data of patients. Then, data was entered into SPSS version 17 and using descriptive statistics and analytical tests and a significance level of P <0/05 was analyzed. Results: This study included 3218 individuals with diabetes mellitus with an average age of 58.06 ± 32.58 years of these, 1853 (57.5%) were male and the rest were female. Also the mean of BMI was 32.16 ± 5.08, representing patients with class 1 obesity. In this study, 14.4% of individuals had the diabetic foot ulcers and the rest did not have. Also, 10.1% of subjects had limb amputations. 13.0% had diabetes eye disease, 23.4% had diabetes kidney disease. There was a significant relationship between education level and diabetic foot ulcer (p = 0.002), that way People with lower levels of education were more likely to develop diabetic foot ulcers. In this study, there was a significant relationship between drug use or smoking with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease (P = 0.003). Conclusion: Because in this study, there was a significant relationship between drug use or smoking with diabetic foot ulcer and cardiovascular disease, and that drug use increases the risk of infection and it reduces the healing of diabetic foot ulcers and it can increase the amputation of the limbs, Therefore, planning and training through mass media should be given in this regard. Also, the mean of BMI in this study, was represents obesity grade 1 in these individuals. Therefore, by preventing more obesity, eating healthy and light food and doing aerobic exercise, can prevented from complications of obesity that provides the necessary grounds for cancer and other harmful complications.
Comparison of the nephrotoxic effects of iodixanol versus iopamidol in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Clinics of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul; # Clinics of Cardiology, Derince Training and Research Hospital Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Kardiyoloji Kliniği, Kocaeli; * Clinics of Cardiology, İzmit Seka State Hospital Kocaeli; † Clinics of Cardiology, Dr. Lütfü Kırdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul; ‡ Department of Cardiology, Bezmialem Vakıf University, İstanbul
Germline ablation of SMUG 1 DNA glycosylase causes loss of 5-hydroxymethyluracil-and UNG-backup uracil-excision activities and increases cancer predisposition of Ung / Msh 2 / mice

Deamination of cytosine (C), 5-methylcytosine (mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) occurs spontaneously in mammalian DNA with several hundred deaminations occurring in each cell every day. The resulting potentially mutagenic mispairs of uracil (U), thymine (T) or 5-hydroxymethyluracil (hmU) with guanine (G) are substrates for repair by various DNA glycosylases. Here, we show that targeted inactivation of the mouse Smug1 DNA glycosylase gene is sufficient to ablate nearly all hmU-DNA excision activity as judged by assay of tissue extracts from knockout mice as well as by the resistance of their embryo fibroblasts to 5-hydroxymethyldeoxyuridine toxicity. Inactivation of Smug1 when combined with inactivation of the Ung uracil-DNA glycosylase gene leads to a loss of nearly all detectable uracil excision activity. Thus, SMUG1 is the dominant glycosylase responsible for hmU-excision in mice as well as the major UNG-backup for U-excision. Both Smug1-knockout and Smug1/Ung-double knockout mice breed normally and remain apparently healthy beyond 1 year of age. However, combined deficiency in SMUG1 and UNG exacerbates the cancer predisposition of Msh2 / mice suggesting that when both base excision and mismatch repair pathways are defective, the mutagenic effects of spontaneous cytosine deamination are sufficient to increase cancer incidence but do not preclude mouse development.
SENSITIVITY TO DETONATION AND DETONATION CELLULAR STRUCTURE OF H 2O 2-AIR-H 2 O 2 GAS MIXTURES

Today it is not known – neither qualitatively not quantitatively how large the impact can be of the promoters on sensitivity to hydrogen-air detonation in hypothetical accidents at hydrogen-containing installations, transport or storage facilities. Report goal is to estimate theoretically an effect of hydrogen-peroxide (as representative promoter) on sensitivity to detonation of the stoichiometric hydrogen-oxygen gas mixtures. The classical H2-O2-Ar (2:1:7) gas mixture was chosen as reference system with the well established and unambiguously interpreted experimental data. In kinetic simulations it was found that the ignition delay time is sensitive to H2O2 addition for small initial H2O2 concentrations and is nearly constant for the large ones. Parametric reactive CFD studies of twodimensional cellular structure of 2H2-O2-7Ar-H2O2 detonations with variable hydrogen peroxide concentration (up to 10 vol.%) were also performed. Two un-expected results were obtained. First result: detonation cell size is practically independent upon variation of initial hydrogen peroxide concentration. For practical applications it means, that presence of hydrogen-peroxide did not change drastically sensitivity of the stoichiometric hydrogen-oxygen gas mixtures. These theoretical speculations require an experimental verification. Second result: for large enough initial H2O2 concentrations (> 1 vol.% at least), a new element of cellular structure of steady detonation wave was revealed. It is a system of multiple secondary longitudinal shock waves (SLSW), which propagates in the direction opposite to that of the leading shock wave. Detailed mechanism of SLSW formation is proposed.
Bayesian Humility

Say that an agent is epistemically humble if she is less than fully confident that her opinions will converge to the truth, given appropriate evidence. Is such humility rationally permissible? According to Gordon Belot’s orgulity argument: the answer is yes, but long-run convergence-to-the-truth theorems force Bayesians to answer no. That argument has no force against Bayesians who reject countable additivity as a requirement of rationality. Such Bayesians are free to count even extreme humility as rationally permissible. Furthermore, dropping countable additivity does not render Bayesianism more vulnerable to the charge that it is excessively subjective.
Option Portfolio Value at Risk Using Monte Carlo Simulation Under a Risk Neutral Stochastic Implied Volatility Model

This paper calculates option portfolio Value at Risk (VaR) using Monte Carlo simulation under a risk neutral stochastic implied volatility model. Compared to benchmark delta-normal method, the model produces more accurate results by taking into account nonlinearity, passage of time, non-normality and changing of implied volatility. Two parameters in the model: the correlation between underlying and the at â€“the-money implied volatility and the volatility of percentage change of the at- the-money implied volatility, can explain market skew phenomena quite well.
Valuation of Canadian-versus U . S .-Listed Equities : Is There a Discount ?

here is a perception that the equity of Canadian-listed firms trades at a discount relative to the equity of comparable firms listed on exchanges in the United States. If there are systematic differences in valuation between Canadian and U.S. equity markets, Foerster and Karolyi (1999) argue that firms will have an incentive to adopt financing strategies to reduce any negative effects. Such decisions by individual firms could affect the overall depth and liquidity of a country’s financial markets, as well as the future viability of those markets.