Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“I Can’t Stand Women’s Sports”: The Perception of Women’s Sports by Polish Sports Journalists

This article analyzes the opinions of Polish male (n = 18) and female (n = 18) sports journalists on the representation of women’s sports in media coverage. The surveyed journalists represented journalists from national television stations, radio stations, and press and Internet media. Some of them were working simultaneously in various mass media outlets. In-depth interviews were conducted in various locations in Poland in 2018. An analysis of the journalists’ views from 36 semi-structured interviews indicated a general consensus among the surveyed sports journalists, both male and female, on the inferior status of women’s sports and women’s sports coverage, a negation of need to realign the inequitable coverage of women’s sports and the perception that sports are a neutral institution with respect to gender. The investigated female sports journalists presented more negative and straightforward views on women’s sports than their male colleagues. This article also indicates the minority status of female sports journalists in Poland and their process of socialization in the profession; it discusses the first male socializing agents that introduced and influenced the female journalists with respect to sports as factors that may be responsible for the journalists’ biased belief in the subordinate nature of women’s sports in general and their secondary position in sports media.
Okuduğunu anlamanın ölçülmesinde paragraftan anlam kurmaya dayalı çoktan seçmeli sorular

Bu arastirmanin amaci, paragraftan anlam kurmaya dayali coktan secmeli sorularin, genelde egitimin, ozelde okuma ogretiminin amaclarini ne olcude gerceklestirdigini ve bu testlerin sonuclarinin ne kadar gecerli oldugunu tespit etmektir. Tarama modelindeki arastirmanin verileri odak grup tartismasi teknigi ile toplanmistir. Verilerin toplanmasinda ve analizinde nitel arastirma tekniklerinden yararlanilmistir. Odak grup tartismalarinda yari yapilandirilmis gorusme formu kullanilmistir. Arastirmada iki farkli calisma grubu ile calisilmistir. Birinci grup uzmanlik alanlari Turkcenin Ogretimi olan toplam 18 ogretmenden; ikinci grup ise lise son sinifa devam eden ve universiteye giris sinavina hazirlanan 10 ogrenciden olusmaktadir. Arastirma sonucunda, paragraftan anlam kurmaya dayali coktan secmeli sorularin, paragraf tam olarak anlasilmadan da cevaplanabilecegi; bu sorularin Turkce ogretiminin ilke ve hedeflerine uygun olmadigi ve ogrencilerin oncelikli amacinin bu sorulari paragrafi anlamadan cevaplamak oldugu belirlenmistir
Insights – Future Implications of Passive Smartphone Sensing in the Therapeutic Context

Background: Due to the ubiquitous use of smartphones in daily life, they offer unique opportunities to study human behavior. This study sheds light on associations between self-reported stress, drive, and mood levels and smartphone usage behavior. Methods: A total of 157 students installed the Insights app on their personal smartphone and tracked smartphone usage behavior. Furthermore, students assessed self-reported levels of stress, drive, and mood for 8 weeks. Results: Three multilevel models were used to associate smartphone usage behavior and self-reported mood, drive, and stress levels. Results indicate a negative association of self-reported stress and number of SMS (–3.539, SE = 0.937) as well as a positive relation of stress and call duration (0.018, SE = 0.937). Mood was linked negatively with total usage time (–0.019, SE = 0.004) and call duration (–0.016, SE = 0.007). Moreover, drive was negatively associated with Facebook usage time (–0.127, SE = 0.041). Discussion: Overall smartphone usage behavior is negatively associated with measurements of well-being. Conclusion: Passive smartphone tracking could assist in the standardized assessment of behavioral data in real life in the future. Due to the risk of data misuse, ethical, legal, and clinical guidelines have to be developed.
Carers’ experiences of timely access to and use of dementia care services in eight European countries

Abstract Timely access to care services is crucial to support people with dementia and their family carers to live well. Carers of people with dementia (N = 390), recruited from eight countries, completed semi-structured interviews about their experiences of either accessing or not using formal care services over a 12-month period in the Access to Timely Formal Care (Actifcare) study. Participant responses were summarised using content analysis, categorised into clusters and frequencies were calculated. Less than half of the participants (42.3%) reported service use. Of those using services, 72.8 per cent reported timely access and of those not using services 67.2 per cent were satisfied with this situation. However, substantial minorities either reported access at the wrong time (27.2%), or feeling dissatisfied or mixed feelings about not accessing services (32.8%). Reasons for not using services included use not necessary yet, the carer provided support or refusal. Reasons given for using services included changes in the condition of the person with dementia, the service's ability to meet individual needs, not coping or the opportunity to access services arose. Facilitators and barriers to service use included whether participants experienced supportive professionals, the speed of the process, whether the general practitioner was helpful, participant's own proactive attitude and the quality of information received. To achieve timely support, simplified pathways to use of formal care services are needed.
Muakhi (Brotherhood) and its practices related to preventing communal conflict in multicultural societies

In preventing communal conflict, the role of local wisdom is often considered to be a mechanism to maintain the peacefulness and closeness of inter-ethnic relations. Many researchers also argue that conflict prevention should practiced during both pre- and post-conflict. This study, therefore, aims to explain the role of Muakhi as the local wisdom in Lampung Province for recovering inter-ethnic relations in post-communal (inter-ethnic) conflict based on two empirical cases, namely the Balinuraga conflict in South Lampung and the Pematang Tahalo conflict in East Lampung, Lampung Province. The data was collected through in-depth interviews and documents. A total of 74 informants, consisting of local residents and community leaders from Lampung, Java and Bali ethnics totaling as many as 60 people (each village 15 people). There were also 14 informants who were village, district and regency government officials, including the police department and military personnel. The data was analyzed through a qualitative approach based on the constructivist paradigm. The study found that Muakhi refers to the concept of brotherhood accepted by the immigrants who are both ethnic Balinese and Javanese. Thus, this study suggests that the practice of Muakhi in the post-communal conflict through the strengthening of the moral values and the sociocultural relationship is an effective way of restoring communal conflict. However, this study argues that there is resistance to using Angkon Muakhi in a more detailed ceremony.
Examining test anxiety in terms of academic expectations stress and motivation to study

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between the exam anxiety level of middle school students, their academic expectations stress, and level of motivation to study lesson. The study group consisted of 364 (184 female and 180 male) 7th and 8th grade secondary school students. Three instruments were used for data collection; Academic Expectations Stress Inventory, Motivation to Study for Adolescences Scale and Exam Anxiety Scale. Exam anxiety was chosen as dependent variable while academic expectations stress and motivation to study lesson were set as independent variables. In the current study, the relationship between variables was examined by Pearson correlation coefficient and whether independent variables predict dependent variable or not was tested by multiple regression analysis. As a result of correlational analysis, a positive and significant relationship was observed between teacher/parental expectations, self-expectations, amotivation and exam anxiety. On the other hand, intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation were not associated with exam anxiety. As a result of regression analysis, it was concluded that family/teacher expectations, self-expectations, amotivation, and extrinsic motivation significantly predicted exam anxiety.
The Causality Analysis of External Debt Service and GNP : The Case of Turkey

It is argued that debt service burden has a negative impact on investment and capital accumulation. The main reason is that the greater percentage of reserves (foreign currency) goes to meet debt service and there will be a reduction in external capital because of a decrease in creditworthiness. This paper extends the model of Cunningham (1992) and uses multivariate cointegration techniques to develop a vector error correction model useful for investigating the long-run effects of external debt service on GNP level. Moreover, the information on cointegration (Johansen ,1988 and Johansen &Juselius ,1990) in variables are taken into consideration in specifying the correct model. We apply our methodology to Turkey and show how external debt service is having a negative short -run impact on economic growth. The results also show that there is a uni-directional causal relationship between debt service and GNP level.
Learning from Criminals: Active Offender Research for Criminology

Active offender research relies on the collection of data from noninstitutionalized criminals and has made significant contributions to our understanding of the etiology of serious crime. This review covers its history as well as its methodological, scientific, and ethical pitfalls and advantages. Because study subjects are currently and freely engaging in crime at the time of data collection, their memories, attitudes, and feelings about their criminality and specific criminal events are rich, detailed, and accurate. Contemporary approaches to active offender research employ systematized formats for data collection and analysis that improve the validity of findings and help illuminate the foreground of crime. Although active offender research has traditionally relied on qualitative techniques, we outline the potential for it to make contributions via mixed methods, experiments, and emerging computational and technological approaches, such as virtual reality simulation studies and agent-based modeling.
Student involvement, mental health and quality of life of college students in a selected university in Manila, Philippines

ABSTRACT This study was conceived within the context of increasing incidence of mental health challenges observed among college adolescents in the Philippines. Being an important social institution, the school must be able to create a social environment in order to foster better mental wellbeing and quality of life among its students. This research sought to examine the relationship among student involvement, mental health and quality of life among college students in a Philippine university. This study utilized a quantitative cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational design. Survey was administered to 249 students in a private university. Results suggest that involvement in school organizations was correlated to depression levels, general positive affect and life satisfaction. Social interactions with entities in school was also related with quality of life. All subscales of mental health were associated with quality of life among the student respondents.
Gamification: Gamified Elements’ Impact on Online Trust

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of gamification on online trust, testing the impact through the use of an e-commerce website, Ebay. The objective of the paper is to discover how a certain type of visual design element implemented on websites impacts users’ extent of online trust. Specifically, this thesis focuses on the use of gamified elements as a website design tool to increase users’ trust in a website, which is analyzed by being broken down into different constructs and dimensions. The empirical part of this study was conducted through survey research and the data were collected through a structured question survey, which was distributed through several different channels to obtain an optimal number of participants. For the analysis, an online trust model was used, that was created based on a trust model designed by other researchers. On the basis of the results of this research, it can be concluded that the use of gamified elements does have an impact on online trust, in fact, it positively affects it in several ways, according to several dimensions. Therefore, this study indicates that gamified elements implemented on websites have the potential to enhance users’ confidence in an online seller.
Facilitating global citizenship development in lingua franca virtual exchanges

This article investigates how engaging students to discuss topics that reflect their ideologies in lingua franca (LF) virtual exchanges can help facilitate global citizenship development. A six-week virtual exchange is explored with students from universities in Mexico, Poland, Spain, and the USA. This study utilizes five key elements of CALL-related tasks and three categories of telecollaborative tasks in order to promote students’ global citizenship, defined as awareness, caring, and embracing cultural diversity while promoting social justice and sustainability, coupled with a sense of responsibility to act. During the exchange, 55 participants, registered for foreign language courses (English or Spanish) or for a content area course (such as business and pedagogy) taught in English, met weekly in groups via Zoom video conferencing. In addition to discussing weekly topics, via selected current event photos, and using either English or Spanish as a LF, participants completed individual weekly pre- and post-Zoom session activities. Qualitative analyses revealed that weekly topics offered opportunities to problem solve, negotiate ideologies, and make connections to participants’ belief systems. Also, results indicated that participants became more socially responsible as shown by their increased citizenship awareness and civic-mindfulness.
Parental attachment and truant rationalizations of antisocial behavior: findings from a randomized controlled trial

ABSTRACT Theorists propose that young people are likely to offend when they rationalize antisocial behavior and that pro-social attachments to parents might modify this relationship. This research first assesses whether or not a truancy reduction program is able to modify the effects of a young person’s rationalizations on antisocial behavior and then explores if parental attachments impact this relationship. Data are from the Ability School Engagement Program (ASEP), a third-party policing intervention designed to reduce truancy and crime by increasing parental knowledge of education laws in a sample of 102 high truanting youth from Brisbane, Australia. The conferences also incoorporated restorative and reintegrative shaming practices, which have previously been theorized to impact rationalizing behaviors. We find that post-intervention measures of rationalizations are positively related to self-reported antisocial behavior for those in the experimental condition. The impact of rationalizations on antisocial behavior varied at different levels of parental attachment only for the experimental group, as the effect of rationalizations on antisocial behavior became stronger at higher levels of parental attachments. We conclude that those in the experiment with strong parental attachments may have used more rationalizations to engage in antisocial behavior to overcome some of the pro-social effects of the ASEP intervention.
Deliberate or Instinctive? Proactive and Reactive Coping for Technostress

Abstract Employees in organizations face technostress that is, stress from information technology (IT) use. Although technostress is a highly prevalent organizational phenomenon, there is a lack of theory-based understanding on how IT users can cope with it. We theorize and validate a model for deliberate proactive and instinctive reactive coping for technostress. Drawing from theories on coping, our model posits that the reactive coping behaviors of distress venting and distancing from IT can alleviate technostress by diminishing the negative effect of technostress creators on IT-enabled productivity. The proactive coping behaviors of positive reinterpretation and IT control can help IT users by influencing the extent to which reactive coping behaviors are effective and by positively influencing IT-enabled productivity. The findings of a cross-sectional survey study of 846 organizational IT users support the model. The paper provides a new theoretical contribution by identifying ways in which organizational IT users can cope with technostress.
Understanding international students’ motivations to pursue higher education in mainland China

ABSTRACT In the international education market, much attention has been paid to China, as it is the world’s largest source country in sending students abroad. The other side of the story, that is, China, as the world’s third most popular destination, is considerably less known and researched. This study seizes this research opportunity and focuses on exploring why international students choose to do their higher education in mainland China. International students from five Chinese coastal universities are the research respondents. Focus group discussions were first conducted and elicited 31 motivating items. They were later evaluated through a questionnaire-based survey. The push-pull model was critically reviewed and then used to organise the results. A questionnaire-based survey (n = 462) was later undertaken. Seven motivation factors were identified and a hierarchical relationship among the motivations was observed. The most influential push factor is the students’ desire for learning, novelty and challenge seeking, while the strongest pull factor is their expectation for China’s prosperous future. The motivations with medium priority were self-understanding, quality of education, and value for money. Also, stimulating factors and admission issues were important, but significantly less important than other factors. Demographic factors were found to be influential to motivations. Focusing on “reverse” international student mobility, this research enriches knowledge about international students’ destination choice. It also offers practical implications to universities and institutes in China and other emerging countries, who are interested in offering better programmes and attracting more international students.
Texts 4 Romantic Relationships – A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Although online and app-based relationship interventions have been developed to promote relationship well-being, they require a computer, tablet, or smartphone and a high-speed data connection. Instead, text messaging may be a more cost-effective form of delivery. In the current study, 461 participants from three universities, who were mostly female (73%) and white (68%), were randomly assigned to a control group or to a text message treatment condition where they received one text a day for 28 days. Results indicated that text messaging was rated by participants as a favorable method of treatment delivery. However, romantically-involved college students in the treatment condition did not report significantly greater gains in individual or relationship functioning than couples in the control group. Further, although students in the text intervention did not become violent during the study, they reported fewer decreases in violence than the control group.
The role of self-efficacy in the relationship between the learning environment and student engagement

ABSTRACT This study investigated middle school students’ behavioural, emotional, cognitive, and agentic engagement in science in relation to self-efficacy and learning environment variables. Learning environment variables addressed in the study were shared control, student negotiation, promoting mutual respect, and teacher feedback. Participants of the study were 407 middle school students attending two public schools in the eastern part of Turkey. Path analysis showed that self-efficacy and teacher feedback were positive predictors for all aspects of student engagement while shared control predicted most of the engagement aspects other than emotional engagement. Promoting mutual respect was positively linked to behavioural engagement whereas student negotiation was not related to any of the engagement components. Amount of explained variance in engagement components ranged from 21% to 33%. Additionally, student negotiation, promoting mutual respect, and teacher feedback positively predicted self-efficacy and learning environment variables together explained 23% of variance in self-efficacy.
Late phonological development in Spanish children with bilateral hearing loss / Desarrollo fonológico tardío en niños españoles con pérdidas auditivas bilaterales

Abstract This study has a twofold objective: to analyse and compare the phonological processes in a sample of Spanish children with hearing loss, both with a cochlear implant and with a hearing aid, with a group with normal hearing; and to determine whether there are differences between the participants with a cochlear implant and with a hearing aid in the frequency and nature of the phonological processes. The sample is made up of 168 participants, eight with hearing loss (four with an implant and four with a hearing aid) and 160 with normal hearing. Samples of spontaneous speech were collected and transcribed using the tools from the CHILDES project. For the analysis, the phonological processes paradigm was adopted, evaluating phonological development based on normative error rates. The participants with a hearing loss show slower phonological development in terms of phonological processes, along with atypical processes. Furthermore, the participants with cochlear implants committed more phonological errors than those that wear a hearing aid. The implications of the results are discussed, and it is recommended that auditory stimulation should be done early in children with hearing loss regardless of their technical aid.
Graduate school training in CBT supervision to develop knowledge and competencies

ABSTRACT Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the dominant training model adopted by clinical psychology training programs and is commonly reported as the primary theoretical orientation among community therapists. However, few American psychologists receive formal training in supervision to support CBT, despite APA recommendations related to supervision competencies. Graduate training is an optimal time and place for supervision training, and we describe a CBT supervision workshop within a clinical doctoral program. Twenty-three trainees (69.6% Caucasian/White, 73.9% women) reported declarative knowledge of supervision and perceived supervision competencies before and after the workshop. Trainees increased declarative knowledge and perceived supervision competencies. Graduate training in CBT supervision may help develop a well-trained supervisor workforce that can better support the use of evidence-based therapies, such as CBT.