Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IgG Expression in Human Colorectal Cancer and Its Relationship to Cancer Cell Behaviors

Increasing evidence indicates that various cancer cell types are capable of producing IgG. The exact function of cancer-derived IgG has, however, not been elucidated. Here we demonstrated the expression of IgG genes with V(D)J recombination in 80 cases of colorectal cancers, 4 colon cancer cell lines and a tumor bearing immune deficient mouse model. IgG expression was associated with tumor differentiation, pTNM stage, lymph node involvement and inflammatory infiltration and positively correlated with the expressions of Cyclin D1, NF-κB and PCNA. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of cancer-derived IgG on the malignant behaviors of colorectal cancer cells and showed that blockage of IgG resulted in increased apoptosis and negatively affected the potential for anchor-independent colony formation and cancer cell invasion. These findings suggest that IgG synthesized by colorectal cancer cells is involved in the development and growth of colorectal cancer and blockage of IgG may be a potential therapy in treating this cancer.
Optimization of Arterial Oxygenation during One‐Lung Anesthesia

The effects of different respiratory maneuvers on Pao2, Qs/Qt, and cardiac output were studied during one-lung anesthesia in 21 adult patients undergoing pulmonary surgery in lateral position with halothane-oxygen anesthesia using endobronchial intubation. The patients were divided into three groups. In group A (n = 11) seven different respiratory maneuvers were sequentially performed. When both lungs were ventilated (maneuver A) Pao2 and Qs/Qt were 376 ± 28 torr (mean ± SE) and 26 ± 2.33% (mean ± SE), respectively. Corresponding values were 155 ± 25 torr and 38 ± 1.5% when the upper lung was deflated (maneuver B) and 85 ± 11 torr and 44 ± 4% when PEEP (10 cm H2O) was added to the dependent lung with the upper lung remaining deflated (maneuver C). When the collapsed upper lung was insufflated with oxygen (7 L/min) with the lower lung receiving PEEP (maneuver D) Pao2 and Qs/Qt were 127 ± 29 torr and 38 ± 3%, respectively, 177 ± 34 torr and 37 ± 3.5% when the upper lung was insufflated with oxygen and lower lung ventilated without end-expiratory pressure (maneuver E). When the upper lung was insufflated with oxygen at 10 cm H2O pressure with the dependent lung ventilated with PEEP (maneuver F), Pao2 was 248 ± 41 torr and Qs/Qt was 31 ± 2% and finally, during insufflation of the upper lung at 10 cm H2O pressure while the lower lung was ventilated with zero end-expiratory pressure (maneuver G) Pao2 averaged 286 ± 49 torr and Qs/ Qt 28 ± 2.5%. Cardiac output was reduced only when the dependent lung was ventilated with PEEP and the deflated upper lung insufflated with oxygen with or without pressure. In group B (n = 5) the effects of only maneuver F on arterial oxygenation were evaluated 50, 95, and 140 minutes after the start of anesthesia. In group C (n = 5), only maneuver G was studied 50, 95, and 140 minutes after the start of anesthesia. The values for Pao2 and Qs/Qt did not differ from each other at these time intervals and were comparable with the values obtained during corresponding maneuvers in group A patients. It is concluded that arterial oxygenation can be optimized during one-lung anesthesia by oxygen insufflation of the upper deflated lung at 10 cm H2O pressure while the lower lung is ventilated with zero end-expiratory pressure.
All-Optical Switching Using a Hybrid Plasmonic Donut Resonator With Photothermal Absorber

A novel hybrid plasmonic (TIP) donut resonator integrated with a photothermal plasmonic absorber has been developed, which can be used as a compact all-optical switch or modulator. The radius of the fabricated TIP donut resonator is 1.8 μm, with a resonant wavelength around 1550 nm and a quality factor (Q factor) around 600. The photothermal plasmonic absorber is directly integrated above the TIP device, which can absorb as much as 75% of impinging optical power at 1064 nm wavelength. Since the absorber is in tight contact to the Si ridge of the TIP waveguide, the absorbed optical power can efficiently heat up the Si ridge, and hence change the resonant wavelength of the TIP donut resonator by Si thermal expansion effect. Experimental results show that the power used for 15 dB amplitude switch is only 10 mW, with rise and fall response times around 18 and 14 μs, respectively.
Disruptions of functional connectivity in the default mode network of comatose patients

Objective: To evaluate the possible role of the default mode network (DMN) in consciousness and assess the diagnostic or prognostic potential of DMN connectivity measures in the assessment of a patient group lacking cognitive awareness. Methods: DMN connectivity was established using independent component analysis of resting-state fMRI data in patients with reversible (n = 2) and irreversible (n = 11) coma following cardiac arrest and compared to healthy controls (n = 12). Results: A present and intact DMN was observed in controls and those patients who subsequently regained consciousness, but was disrupted in all patients who failed to regain consciousness. Conclusions: The results suggest that the DMN is necessary but not sufficient to support consciousness. Clinically, DMN connectivity may serve as an indicator of the extent of cortical disruption and predict reversible impairments in consciousness.
Effects of Drought on the Activity of Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase in the Leaves and Roots of Maize Inbreds

In a basic investigation, the antioxidative responses of two maize inbreds, A-180 and A-619 were studied. The results revealed that during drought period the total antioxidant capacity is quickly increased in leaf and root tissues of both plants, while it is slowly reverted back to the normal level during recovery. The activity of Pheylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of isoperonoid antioxidative compounds, was found to be sharply increased in the leaves of plants during stress period, while it is remained constant in the roots of both plants. The overall results suggested that isoperonoid compounds may be more responsible antioxidants in drought-challenged antioxidative system of maize.
THE INFLUENCE OF SUCROSE ESTER SURFACTANTS AND DIFFERENT STORAGE CONDITIONS ON THE PREPARATION OF A NOVEL SWIETENIA MACROPHYLLA OIL NANO - EMULSION

Nano-emulsions are emulsions with uniform and extremely small droplet sizes, typically in the range of 20–200 nm. Nano-emulsion concept has attracted considerable attention in recent years for its application in personal care and cosmetic products also due to their ability to improve the penetration and permeation of active ingredients through the skin. A composition of sucrose ester as surfactant, glycerol and Swietenia macrophylla oil were used to produce nano-emulsion by simple mixing and applying heat to dissolve the sucrose ester in the glycerol then adding the oil to the mixture. Three different types of sucrose ester (laureate, oleate and palmitate) were used to investigate their influence on the production of nano-size emulsion. Sucrose laureate produced nanoemulsion with good droplet size, polydispersity index and negative zeta potential compared to oleate and palmitate. The oil droplet size produced using sucrose laureate was below 200 nm with polydispersity index 0.2 and negative zeta potential lower than -40 mV. Stability study was conducted for the nanoemulsion at different temperatures (4 °C, 25 °C and 40 °C) for six months. Nano-emulsion formulation was very stable at 4 °C compared to 25 °C and 40 °C while at 25 °C showed moderate stability but it was unstable at 40 °C. The nano-emulsion containing the novel Swietenia macrophylla oil was successfully prepared using sucrose laureate and the ideal storage condition for nano-emulsion was 4 °C.
Evaluation of a single injection method, using iohexol, for estimating glomerular filtration rate in cats and dogs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the utility of a method for estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) after single IV administration of iohexol. DESIGN The plasma clearance of iodine (PCI), taken as the quotient of the administered dose of iodine (300 to 600 mg of l/kg of body weight) divided by the area under the plasma iodine concentration versus time curve determined by 4 methods (PCI1-PCI4). The results for PCI were compared with simultaneously obtained values for the urinary clearance of exogenously administered creatinine (CCr), a widely accepted method for the measurement of GFR in cats and dogs. ANIMALS Cats and dogs that were renal intact (n = 5 cats; n = 1 dog) or had renal mass reduced by partial nephrectomy (n = 5 cats; n = 7 dogs). RESULTS Values for PCI were closely related (R2 values ranged from 0.947 to 0.992; P < 0.0001 in all cases) to CCr. Despite this close correlation between CCr and PCI, the 95% confidence interval for the difference between PCI3 and CCr included values that exceeded 1.4 ml/min/kg, which represents 50% of the mean value for CCr in renal-intact cats. CONCLUSIONS Determination of PCI provided a reliable estimate of GFR in cats and dogs of this study. However, differences between 1 of the methods (PCI3) and CCr are clinically important, emphasizing the need to use more than simple linear regression analysis and correlation coefficients when attempting to validate new measurement techniques. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The determination of PCI provided a reliable estimate of GFR in cats and dogs of this study.
Efficacy of medical therapy in the prevention of residual dizziness after successful repositioning maneuvers for Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV).

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of trimetazidine, betahistine, and ginkgo biloba extract in the treatment of residual dizziness after successful repositioning maneuvers for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. METHODOLOGY This was a randomized controlled clinical trial. Complete clinical data were analyzed from 100 patients (27 men and 73 women; mean age 52.16 ± 13.2 years, range 11-80 years) with BPPV who underwent succcessful repositioning maneuvers and then received betahistine, trimetazidine, gingko biloba extract, or no medication (n = 25 for each group) for 1 week. On days 1, 3, and 5 after the repositioning maneuver, scores obtained from the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) questionnaire were compared. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in the premedication DHI scores of patients with residual dizziness among the four groups (p > 0.005). After 3 and 5 days of treatment, the mean DHI scores of the groups receiving medication did not differ significantly from the the mean DHI score of the control group (p > 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Our study results suggest that betahistine, trimetazidine, and gingko biloba extract do not alleviate residual dizziness after successful repositioning maneuvers.
Vascular Safety during High Tibial Osteotomy

Background High tibial osteotomy is technically demanding. Risks include injury to the popliteal neurovascular bundle. The present goal was to further define this risk. Hypothesis The distance from the posterior tibia to the popliteal artery increases with increasing knee flexion. A saw angle perpendicular to the coronal plane can injure the popliteal artery. Study Design Descriptive laboratory study. Methods Seven fresh-frozen cadaveric lower extremities were used. Lateral radiographs at knee flexion angles of 90°, 60°, 45°, 30°, and 0° were taken to measure the distance from the anterior border of the popliteal artery to the posterior cortex of the tibia 5.0 mm and 2.0 cm below the joint line. After an opening wedge high tibial osteotomy was made, qualitative assessments were made of the depth of a saw blade inserted into the kerf and the relative encroachment of the saw blade on the popliteal artery. The interval through which the space anterior to the popliteus can be accessed was identified by gross dissection in all specimens. Results The distance from the posterior tibia to the popliteal artery increased with knee flexion. At 5.0 mm and 2.0 cm below the joint line, the mean distance at 90° was significantly greater than at all other angles. The popliteal artery could be injured by the oscillating saw at angles greater than 30° to the coronal plane. A protective device inserted anterior to the popliteus protects the neurovascular structures. Conclusion The popliteal artery is farthest from the posterior tibia at 90° of knee flexion. Saw angles greater than 30° from the coronal plane put the popliteal neurovasculature at risk of injury. Clinical Relevance To perform a safe osteotomy, the knee should be positioned in 90° of flexion with the saw angled less than 30° from the coronal plane. A protective device deep to the popliteus may protect against popliteal injury.
High‐energy water sites determine peptide binding affinity and specificity of PDZ domains

PDZ domains have well known binding preferences for distinct C‐terminal peptide motifs. For most PDZ domains, these motifs are of the form [S/T]‐W‐[I/L/V]. Although the preference for S/T has been explained by a specific hydrogen bond interaction with a histidine in the PDZ domain and the (I/L/V) is buried in a hydrophobic pocket, the mechanism for Trp specificity at the second to last position has thus far remained unknown. Here, we apply a method to compute the free energies of explicit water molecules and predict that potency gained by Trp binding is due to a favorable release of high‐energy water molecules into bulk. The affinities of a series of peptides for both wild‐type and mutant forms of the PDZ domain of Erbin correlate very well with the computed free energy of binding of displaced waters, suggesting a direct relationship between water displacement and peptide affinity. Finally, we show a correlation between the magnitude of the displaced water free energy and the degree of Trp‐sensitivity among subtypes of the HTRA PDZ family, indicating a water‐mediated mechanism for specificity of peptide binding.
PAX3/FOXO1 fusion gene status is the key prognostic molecular marker in rhabdomyosarcoma and significantly improves current risk stratification.

PURPOSE To improve the risk stratification of patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) through the use of clinical and molecular biologic data. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two independent data sets of gene-expression profiling for 124 and 101 patients with RMS were used to derive prognostic gene signatures by using a meta-analysis. These and a previously published metagene signature were evaluated by using cross validation analyses. A combined clinical and molecular risk-stratification scheme that incorporated the PAX3/FOXO1 fusion gene status was derived from 287 patients with RMS and evaluated. RESULTS We showed that our prognostic gene-expression signature and the one previously published performed well with reproducible and significant effects. However, their effect was reduced when cross validated or tested in independent data and did not add new prognostic information over the fusion gene status, which is simpler to assay. Among nonmetastatic patients, patients who were PAX3/FOXO1 positive had a significantly poorer outcome compared with both alveolar-negative and PAX7/FOXO1-positive patients. Furthermore, a new clinicomolecular risk score that incorporated fusion gene status (negative and PAX3/FOXO1 and PAX7/FOXO1 positive), Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study TNM stage, and age showed a significant increase in performance over the current risk-stratification scheme. CONCLUSION Gene signatures can improve current stratification of patients with RMS but will require complex assays to be developed and extensive validation before clinical application. A significant majority of their prognostic value was encapsulated by the fusion gene status. A continuous risk score derived from the combination of clinical parameters with the presence or absence of PAX3/FOXO1 represents a robust approach to improving current risk-adapted therapy for RMS.
Discriminative feature selection for breast abnormality detection and accurate classification of thermograms

Infrared breast thermography with the potential of predicting the future risk of developing breast cancer, has been considered as an early breast abnormality detection tool. This paper investigates the importance of selecting the discriminative features for improving the classification accuracy of the infrared thermography based breast abnormality detection systems. Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon statistical test has been used here to select the best discriminative features from a feature set of 24 features, extracted from each breast thermogram of DBT-TU-JU and DMR databases. Three set of features: FStat, STex and SSigFS generated from these 24 extracted features are then fed into six most widely used classifiers for comparing the efficiency of each feature set in breast abnormality detection. The experimental results show that among all three feature sets, statistically significant feature set (SSigFS) provides more accuracy in discriminating the abnormal breast thermograms from the normal.
An Audit of Admissions to Intensive Care Unit at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Malawi

Results are presented of a retrospective audit of admissions to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi, which is a tertiary referral facility. The audit was conducted for a period of one year spanning from January to December, 2012. The objectives of the audit were to: describe the profile of admissions and treatment outcomes of the admissions and identify main causes of mortality in ICU of the facility. The admission book and patients’ records were reviewed retrospectively guided by a data extraction form which was specifically designed for this study. The extracted data included age, sex, referring unit, diagnosis, treatment outcome and length of stay. The data were analyzed using STATA version 10.0. A total of 253 patients were admitted to the ICU over the one year period of study. About a third of the patients (33.6% n = 85) were admitted due to postoperative surgery. There were 154 deaths representing an overall mortality of 60.9%. Sepsis was the commonest cause of death and accounted for 39.6%, n = 61 of the deaths. Younger age of less than 40 years and increased patients’ length of stay in the unit were significantly and positively associated with mortality (P
Contrasting responses of Intermountain West grasses to soil nitrogen

The mechanisms responsible for soil-N-mediated species replacement of native perennial grasses by the invasive annual grasses cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) and medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae [L.] Nevski) on rangelands are not completely understood. In addition, the contributions of distinct forms of inorganic N (i.e., NH 4 + and NO 3 -) to these shifts in species composition are currently unclear. Consequently, we conducted a greenhouse experiment to test 2 hypotheses: 1) that low N availability reduces growth (root and shoot) and N allocation of invasive annual seedlings more than native perennial species, and 2) that seedling growth and N allocation of invasive annual grasses is more responsive than native perennial grasses when supplied with NO 3 - relative to NH 4 +. We grew seedlings of 2 annual grasses and the native perennial grasses bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata [Pursh] A. Love), and 4 populations of squirreltail (Elymus elymoides [Raf.] Swezey; E. multisetus [J.G. Smith] M.E. Jones) in separate pots and exposed them to treatments differing in N form and availability for 17 weeks. Unexpectedly, root and shoot growth of annual grasses were equal or greater than native perennial grasses under low N availability. Annual grasses took up more NO 3 - and allocated more growth and N to shoots than the perennial grasses (P < 0.05). Perennial grasses had significantly greater root:shoot dry mass ratios than the invasive annual grasses across treatments (P < 0.05). Invasive annual and native perennial grasses both had greater (P < 0.05) shoot and root mass and allocated more N to these structures when supplied with NO 3 - relative to NH 4 +. The ecological implications of these growth and N allocation patterns in response to N availability and form provide important clues regarding the specific traits responsible for differences in competitive ability between invasive annual and native perennial grasses on semiarid rangelands.
Computer aided diagnostic for cancer detection using MRI images of brain (Brain tumor detection and classification system)

The brain is one of the vital organ of the body where it is the custodian of the involuntary and voluntary actions like walking, vision, memory. Now a days the most common brain disorders are Alzheimer's disease, Epilepsy (paralysis or stroke), tumors, brain tumors. Early diagnosis and proper treatment of brain tumors is required. The Computer Aided Diagnostic tools (CAD) can be used by the doctor for 2nd opinion to analyze the brain tumors and it is witnessing a rapid development in last decade. The CAD tools finds its major application in Medical (Macro and micro) imaging. The proposed diagnosis techniques is consists of three parts. Firstly a technique for segmenting the tumor, secondly optimize the data set and use Gray level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) for texture analysis is proposed and lastly classify the tumor using Support vector machine classifier into Benign or malignant one is proposed. The classifier accuracy is obtained by using 3 kernels method that are Radial Basis Function, Linear and Polynomial kernel. In this paper the proposed algorithm and the GUI of CAD tools for Brain tumor detection and classification is designed and simulated in MATLAB.
Linking disease epidemiology and livestock productivity: The case of bovine respiratory disease in France

Concerns are growing over the impact of livestock farming on environment and public health. The livestock industry is faced with the double constraint of limiting its use of natural resources and antimicrobials while ensuring its economic sustainability. In this context, reliable methods are needed to evaluate the effect of the prevention of endemic animal diseases on the productivity of livestock production systems. In this study, an epidemiological and productivity model was used to link changes in Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) incidence with the productivity of the beef and dairy cattle sectors in France. Cattle production parameters significantly affected by BRD were selected through literature review. Previous field study results and national cattle performance estimates were used to infer growth performances, mortality rates and carcass quality in the cattle affected and not affected by BRD. A steady-state deterministic herd production model was used to predict the productivity of the dairy and beef sector and their defined compartments (breeding-fattening, feedlot young bulls, and feedlot veal) in case of BRD incidence reduction by 20%, 50% or 100%. Results suggested that BRD should be controlled at a priority in beef breeding farms as eradication of BRD in beef calves would increase the whole beef sector’s productivity by 4.7–5.5% while eradication in other production stages would result in lower productivity gain in their respective sectors. However, the analysis performed at compartment level showed that, in both the beef and dairy sector, young bull and veal feedlot enterprises derive more economic benefits from BRD eradication for their own compartment (increase in productivity of 8.7–12.8% for beef young bulls) than the breeding farms (increase in productivity of 5.1–6% for beef calves), which may limit the investments in BRD control.