Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of norepinephrine and dobutamine on pressure load-induced right ventricular failure*

ObjectiveA transient increase in pulmonary arterial (PA) pressure can persistently depress right ventricular (RV) contractility. We investigated the effects norepinephrine and dobutamine on RV-PA coupling in this model of RV failure. DesignProspective, controlled, randomized animal study. SettingUniversity research laboratory. SubjectsTwenty-two anesthetized dogs. InterventionsAnimals underwent transient (90-min) PA constriction to induce persistent RV failure. They were randomly assigned to control, norepinephrine, or dobutamine group. Norepinephrine was administered at 0.1 and 0.5 &mgr;g·kg−1·min−1 or dobutamine at 5 and 10 &mgr;g·kg−1·min−1. Measurements and Main ResultsWe measured PA distal resistance and proximal elastance by pressure-flow relationships and vascular impedance. We also measured RV contractility by the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (Ees), PA effective elastance by the end-diastolic to end-systolic relationship (Ea), and RV-PA coupling efficiency by the Ees/Ea ratio. The transient PA constriction persistently increased PA resistance and elastance, increased Ea from 0.8 ± 0.1 to 2.7 ± 0.3 mmHg/mL, decreased Ees from 1.1 ± 0.1 to 0.5 ± 0.1 mm Hg/mL, and decreased Ees/Ea from 1.2 ± 0.1 to 0.2 ± 0.1. Norepinephrine restored arterial pressure, increased RV contractility, and increased but did not normalize RV-PA coupling and cardiac output. Dobutamine restored arterial pressure, markedly increased RV contractility, and normalized RV-PA coupling and cardiac output. Compared with norepinephrine, dobutamine decreased PA resistance and elastance and increased RV contractility and RV-PA coupling. ConclusionsA transient increase in PA pressure persistently worsens PA hemodynamics, RV contractility, RV-PA coupling, and cardiac output. Dobutamine restores RV-PA coupling and cardiac output better than norepinephrine because of its more pronounced inotropic effect.
Psychosocial factors in children with idiopathic musculoskeletal pain: a prospective, longitudinal study

Abstract To explore the role of psychosocial factors in the development and persistence of idiopathic musculoskeletal pain (IMP) in children, 23 children with IMP and 52 children with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) were compared at first admission to hospital and at 9 y follow‐up. Semistructured interviews were performed at both assessments. At first admission, the prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses was high both in patients with IMP and patients with JCA, but patients with IMP more often had pain models, reported more school stress and more often lived with one biological parent. At follow‐up, overall psychosocial functioning and level of chronic family difficulties were improved in both groups, but patients with IMP had a higher prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses and more chronic family difficulties and life events than patients with JCA. The persistence of IMP at follow‐up was related to pain models, school stress, less parental education and more chronic family difficulties at first admission. Findings support the association between psychosocial factors and childhood IMP.
One‐male units and clans in a colony of hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas hamadryas): effect of male number and clan cohesion on feeding success

In the multilevel societies of hamadryas baboons, adult males can be attached to single one‐male units (OMUs) or to clans containing several such OMUs. This paper examines the effect of male number and rivalry between males within a clan on their ability to compete for access to a clumped food resource. The data come from a study of a multilevel colony of hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas hamadryas) housed at the Madrid Zoo. The colony consisted of 12 harem‐holding males and 40 sexually mature females, and was organized into five single OMUs and two clans (containing three and four OMUs, respectively). The top‐ranking male of one of the clans was removed and later reintroduced, so the study involved an analysis of the composition of clans and OMUs and of the males' use of the feeding area across three study periods: preseparation, separation, and reintroduction. The findings reported indicate that both males and females derived clear advantages in the context of contest competition for access to clumped food if they were members of clans, because the males and females from large clans had a feeding advantage over those from smaller clans and single OMUs. Furthermore, rivalry among males within the clan reduced their ability to compete for food against males outside their clan. This paper provides empirical evidence for one of the potential advantages that hamadryas males may enjoy if they are attached to clans, and also provides empirical support for the general hypothesis that a large number of males in a group may provide fitness‐related benefits to the group members, provided they are able to cooperate with each other. Am. J. Primatol. 68:21–37, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mapping of brain acetylcholinesterase alterations in Lewy body disease by PET

Objective: To characterize brain cholinergic deficits in Parkinson disease (PD), PD with dementia (PDD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Methods: Participants included 18 patients with PD, 21 patients with PDD/DLB, and 26 healthy controls. The PD group consisted of nine patients with early PD, each with a disease duration of less than 3 years, five of whom were de novo PD patients, and nine patients with advanced PD, each with a disease duration greater than or equal to 3 years. The PDD/DLB group consisted of 10 patients with PDD and 11 patients with DLB. All subjects underwent PET scans with N-[11C]-methyl-4-piperidyl acetate to measure brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Brain AChE activity levels were estimated voxel-by-voxel in a three-compartment analysis using the arterial input function, and compared among our subject groups through both voxel-based analysis using the statistical parametric mapping software SPM5 and volume-of-interest analysis. Results: Among patients with PD, AChE activity was significantly decreased in the cerebral cortex and especially in the medial occipital cortex (% reduction compared with the normal mean = −12%) (false discovery rate–corrected p value <0.01). Patients with PDD/DLB, however, had even lower AChE activity in the cerebral cortex (% reduction = −27%) (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference between early PD and advanced PD groups or between DLB and PDD groups in the amount by which regional AChE activity in the brain was reduced. Conclusions: Brain cholinergic dysfunction occurs in the cerebral cortex, especially in the medial occipital cortex. It begins in early Parkinson disease, and is more widespread and profound in both Parkinson disease with dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies.
Ethyl methanesulfonate-induced reversion of bacteriophage T4rII mutants.

E~~a~ellular virus particles to produce many mutations with rather little killing (LOVELESS 1958). The induced mutations may be delayed by several generations (GREEN and KRIEG 1961 ) . The mutagen reacts with three of the four bases naturally occurring in DNA (REINER and ZAMENHOF 1957; BROOKES and LAWLEY 1960, 1961a, 1962; PAL 1962), yet there is reason to suspect that it might be quite specific as to the type of base pair changes it usually induces. The purpose of this investigation was to compare the frequencies of EMS-induced mutations at various sites within the rII region of bacteriophage T4, and to test the notion that predominantly one type of base pair substitution might be induced. Four years ago in this laboratory, during a search for strongly EMS-revertible point mutants. D. M. GREEN found that some AP mutants [mutants which had been produced from standard I+ phage by AP) were quite EMS-revertible, but that none of the 18 EMS-produced mutants he examined were induced by EMS to revert to a comparable extent. This prompted the working hypothesis that one of the base pair transitions-either GC to AT or AT to GC-was much more strongly inducible by EMS than was the other transition. It was decided to test this possible specificity by checking a group of EMS mutants for EMS-induced reversion by a more sensitive test than had been previously employed, and to test similarly additional base analog and proflavin mutants. While this work was in progress, the results of another investigation with similar intent were reported (BAUTZ and FREESE 1960; FREESE 1961). The results differed in several respects for mutants that were included in both investigations; most striking was that the other group of workers found much less induced reversion. Althouyh the other workers used EES, the chemistry of the two ethylating agents would be expected to be very similar. It seemed that the difference must have arisen from the different techniques employed. This possibility led to an expansion of our work, and the chief reason for the conflicting resultswhich will be discussed in context in this paper-has now been clarified. We shall Operated by Union Carbide Corporation for the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission. 2 The abbreviations used are: G, guanine; C, cytosine or 5-hydroxymethylcytosine; A, adenine; T, thymine; EMS, ethyl methanesulfonate; EES, ethyl ethanesulfonate; AP, E aminopurine; BU, 5-bromouracil or 5-bromodeoxyuridine; P. proflavine; and DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid.
Absence of BAT‐26 instability in gastric intestinal metaplasia

BAT‐26 instability, a sensitive marker for the high‐frequency microsatellite instability (MSI‐H) phenotype, was analyzed in samples of gastric cancer and in adjacent intestinal metaplastic mucosae. Although all MSI‐H gastric cancer samples showed BAT‐26 instability, as assessed using 12 dinucleotide microsatellite markers, BAT‐26 instability was not found in the adjacent intestinal metaplastic mucosa in any of the samples.
Optical Efficiencies of Lens-Antenna Coupled Kinetic Inductance Detectors at 220 GHz

We have been developing a terahertz camera based on antenna-coupled superconducting resonators, the so-called microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs), and a silicon lens array. The MKID consists of a coplanar waveguide coupled to a double slot antenna and is patterned on a high-quality aluminum film grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The camera is sensitive at frequencies of 200-240 GHz. Its bandwidth is limited by the impedance properties of the double slot antenna. The design, fabrication, and optical evaluations of the planar antennas and silicon lens arrays are presented in this paper. The MKID camera has been evaluated both in dark conditions and under optical radiation in a 0.1-K dilution refrigerator. The electrical noise equivalent power was around 5×10-18 W/√(Hz) in dark conditions and 4×10-16 W/√(Hz), which is much lower than the photon noise level, with the optical load. The optical efficiency of the camera was estimated by three independent methods, and the results were consistent with each other and equal to 20%-25% without an anti-reflection coating on the lens surface.
Normalized Scalar Product Approach for Nearshore Bathymetric Estimation From X-Band Radar Images: An Assessment Based on Simulated and Measured Data

This paper investigates the capability of X-band radar systems to estimate nearshore bathymetry fields by considering both simulated and measured radar data. For the first time, a sensitivity analysis is performed to evaluate how sea-state conditions affect bathymetric estimates. For this purpose, sea wave fields generated by means of a numerical model, based on a nonlinear shallow-water equation solver, are used. Starting from the synthetic radar data, which represent the input of the bathymetric estimation algorithm, the bathymetric reconstruction is performed through the normalized scalar product (NSP) estimation strategy, exploiting a spatial partitioning of the radar data. In this way, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the estimates in nearshore areas, where the space-varying behavior of the sea depth and the presence of coastlines or coastal structures typically leads to a spatial inhomogeneity of the wave motion. In this regard, it is shown how the choice of the partitioning settings affects the bathymetric estimates obtained from high-resolution X-band radar images by using the NSP strategy. In addition, an adaptive partitioning strategy that takes into account the wave evolution in nearshore shallow waters is devised. Based on both simulated and measured radar data, the accuracy of the bathymetric estimates achievable through the proposed adaptive partitioning process and that obtained by exploiting the approach using uniform spatial partitioning are compared. The results obtained confirm the robustness of the NSP technique with respect to sea conditions and, moreover, demonstrate that the proposed adaptive partitioning strategy provides more accurate bathymetric estimates than those obtained with the space-invariant partitioning procedure.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA DAN IKLIM ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA LEMBAGA PENJAMINAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA

ABSTRACTThe Problem that will be worked through deep observational is aff motivation effect and organization climate to employee performance at Educational Quality Guarantee Institute of Southeast Sulawesi Province. This research variables analyze motivation which covers identification dimension, employee placement appropriately, attention to employee self-respect, attention to work condition and give chance to go forward. Whereas, a variable of Organizational climate cover privacy aspect and acclimatization harmony, reward on employee work and their job clarity. While employee performance covers job sharpness. There is dimension even of clerk performance cover job quality, job quantity and also work time timing. Population in this research is overall of employee which amount 123 person, and this research design use data collection technic by use of questioner, interview and documents study. Whereas data analysis to hypothesis test by use of double linear regression analysis and partial analysis uses t-tests t and simultan analysis uses f-test The result of this research pointed out that 1) Motivation was positively influence to employee performance. 2) Organizational Climate was positively influencing to employee performance. 3) Motivation and organizational climate positive ly influence toward employee performance simultaneously on Educational Quality Guarantee Institute of Southeast Sulawesi Province as big as 27,30%. Meanwhile, 72,70% regarded by other factors. Keywords: Motivation, Organizational climate, and employee performance
Exploring conceptions and discourses of gender, sexuality and pregnancy amongst Mexican adolescents

2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 8 CHAPTER I. -­‐ INTRODUCTION . 11 1.1. -­‐ THE THESIS . 11 1.2. -­‐ TEENAGE PREGNANCY IN MEXICO: ITS CONTEXTS . 12 1.2.1. -­‐ Mexico’s economy . 12 1.2.1. -­‐ Teenage pregnancy on the rise . 13 1.2.2. -­‐ Gender differences in the labour market . 16 1.2.3. -­‐ Schools and sex education . 21 1.3. -­‐ CONCLUSION . 25 CHAPTER II. – GENDER DISCOURSES, MASCULINITIES AND FEMININITIES . 28 2.1. – INTRODUCTION . 28 2.2. -­‐ GENDER DISCOURSES ANALYSIS AND THEORY . 29 2.2.1. -­‐ Michel Foucault . 30 2.2.2. -­‐ Judith Butler . 35 2.3. -­‐ CONSTRUCTION OF MASCULINITY AND FEMININITY . 41 2.3.1. -­‐ Masculinity . 42 2.3.2. -­‐ Femininity . 50 2.4. -­‐ CONCLUSION . 54 CHAPTER III. -­‐ INFLUENCES OF GENDER AND CULTURE IN CONCEPTIONS OF TEENAGE PREGNANCY . 55 3.1. -­‐ INTRODUCTION . 55 3.2. -­‐ IS TEENAGE PREGNANCY “THE PROBLEM”? 56 3.3. -­‐ VALUE OF MARRIAGE AND MOTHERHOOD WITHIN TEENAGERS’ LIVES . 60 3.3.1. -­‐ Value of a child within men and women’s lives . 63 3.4. -­‐ INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL EXPECTATIONS IN SEXUALITY . 65 3.4.1. -­‐ Teenage girls ́ sexual socialization and expectations . 66 3.4.2. -­‐ Teenage boys ́ sexual socialization and expectations . 68 3.4.3. -­‐ Gender differences towards sexuality and sexual experience . 71 3.4.3.1. -­‐ The gendered meanings of sexual encounters . 74 3.4.3.2. -­‐ Sexual Experience . 75 3.5. -­‐ CULTURAL BARRIERS TO CONTRACEPTION . 77 3.5. 1. -­‐ Masculinity and use of contraception . 77 3.5. 2. -­‐ Femininity and use of contraception . 81 3.5. 3. -­‐ Women’s fears of abandonment and violence . 81 3.5. 4. -­‐ Fears and misconceptions . 84 3.6. -­‐ CONCLUSION . 85 CHAPTER IV. -­‐ METHODOLOGY . 87 4.1. -­‐ INTRODUCTION . 87 4.2. -­‐ AIMS . 88 4.3. -­‐ RESEARCH QUESTIONS . 89 4.4. -­‐ THEORETICALLY INFORMED ANALYSIS. 89 4.5. -­‐ METHODOLOGY . 92 4.6. -­‐ METHOD . 97 4.6. 1. -­‐ Closed questions . 97
A cell line derived from normal dog kidney (MDCK) exhibiting qualities of papillary adenocarcinoma and of renal tubular epithelium

Tissue culture cell line MDCK grew with the histologic characteristics of a papillary adenocarcinoma when cultured in vitro in a three‐dimensional matrix of collagen‐coated cellulose spongeor when inoculated in the chick embryo. When suspensions of cells were injected intravenously in the chicknumerous implants were seen in the brain one week later. Transplanted to the chorio‐allantois with fragments of embryonic heartMDCK was found in the cardiac mesenchyme and within the lumens of many vessels of the transplanted heart. MDCK also exhibited the physiologic characteristics of renal tubular epithelium. Cultured on a glass surfaceMDCK formed a monolayer of epithelium interspersed with numerous blisterseach of which was composed of many cells. The walls of the blisters and the contiguous monolayers on glass were made up of polarized epithelium with microvilli on the medium‐bathed surface. Time lapse movies demonstrated that the blisters were in active fluid transport. Low concentrations of ouabain abolished the blistering overnightsuggesting inhibition of an ATPase essential for the sodium‐potassium pump associated with the plasma membrane.
Mechanical respiratory system input impedance during high‐frequency oscillatory ventilation in rabbits

Objectives: To study the mechanical properties of the rabbit respiratory system during high‐frequency oscillatory ventilation by means of mechanical respiratory impedance measurement and to characterize the changes in oscillation mechanics of the respiratory system occurring after bilateral vagotomy. Design: Acute experimental trial. Setting: Physiology laboratory. Subjects: Ten adult rabbits (mean body weight 3.1 kg). Measurements and Main Results: Anesthetized rabbits were exposed to short runs of high‐frequency oscillatory ventilation, with stroke volumes of 5.0, 6.6, and 10.0 mL, applied at oscillation frequencies of 10, 15, 20, and 25 Hz before and after vagotomy. Mechanical respiratory input impedance was determined from the pressure and flow signals simultaneously measured at the airway opening and analyzed in terms of its real and imaginary parts. (The real part of respiratory impedance characterizes the resistive property of the lungs and chest wall; the imaginary part of respiratory impedance characterizes the elastic and inertial properties of the lungs and chest wall.) At all stroke volumes and oscillation frequencies studied, vagotomy resulted in a decrease in the real part of respiratory impedance. After vagotomy, the real part of respiratory impedance was stroke volume‐independent, and exhibited negative frequency dependency. Vagotomy also led to a decrease in the imaginary part of respiratory impedance, mainly at lower oscillation frequencies, and thus, to a higher resonant frequency of the respiratory system. Conclusions: Mechanical respiratory impedance measurement proved to be a useful method to study the mechanical properties of the respiratory system during high‐frequency oscillatory ventilation. The results suggest that vagally mediated reflex changes in respiratory system mechanics are associated with high‐frequency oscillatory ventilation, depending on the ventilatory variables that are used. (Crit Care Med 1994; 22:S66‐S70)
Accuracy and signal reception of a hand-held Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver

Accurate and precise reporting of forest survey locations is required to integrate forest survey data with Geographical Information Systems. The accuracies of five Global Positioning System (GPS) survey methods using a hand-held receiver were tested in a mixed forest of trembling aspen and spruce. Accuracy improved by eliminating positions obtained under poor satellite configurations and by using position averaging methods. Single fix positions, taking as little as two minutes to obtain, yielded better than 100m accuracy more than 80% of the time. Allowing the receiver to continuously collect fixes for 15 to 30 minutes and then averaging the fixes yielded a median position error of 17 m. Sixty one stands representing a diversity of cover types, canopy heights, and crown closure in the Petawawa Research Forest were tested during June and July of 1992 for canopy interference with GPS signals. A GPS position was obtained under the canopy in 74% of the stands. Launches of additional GPS satellites since the s.
Choice of ANesthesia for EndoVAScular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Protocol for a randomized controlled (CANVAS) trial

Background Observational studies indicate that the type of anesthesia, local or general, may be associated with the post-procedural neurological function in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular treatment. However, these results need further confirmation, and the causal relationship has not yet been established. Methods This is a randomized controlled equivalence trial. Permuted block randomization stratified by culprit vessels will be used. Six hundred and forty patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular recanalization will be randomized one to one to receive either general anesthesia or local anesthesia. The primary endpoint is the modified Rankin scale at 90 days after endovascular treatment. The secondary endpoints are the peri-procedural mortality and morbidity. Discussion The study aims to determine the effects of anesthetic choice on neurological outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing intra-arterial recanalization. If the results are positive, the study will indicate that the type of anesthesia does not affect neurological outcome after endovascular treatment. Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT02677415
Implications of advertising in the contemporary models of consumer behaviour

* Analysing of consumer behaviour and models of this field is increasingly gaining high significance. This is due to the fact that the consumer behaviour changes continuously, and its study brings new perspectives, which are extremely important for the world of marketing. The purpose of this study is to analyse the impact of advertising on the consumer behaviour through analysing its impact on the main contemporary models of consumer behaviour. In order to meet the objective of this study, main constructs of each individual model have been elaborated in details and the potential impact of advertising on each of these constructs. In conclusion, advertising influences the consumer behaviour, and this has been argued through illustration of impact that advertising has on the contemporary models of consumer behaviour.