Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Temperature Dependent Anharmonic Properties of Lead Chalcogenides

Calculations were made to investigate the anharmonic properties of lead chalcogenides PbS, PbSe and PbTe at elevated temperatures by means of primary physical parameters viz. nearest-neighbour distance and hardness parameter using longand short-range potentials. Higher-order elastic constants are computed up to their melting temperature for these crystals. The first order pressure derivatives of secondand third-order elastic constants, the second-order pressure derivatives of second-order elastic constants and partial contractions are also evaluated at different temperatures. As the experimental elastic constants are not available at high temperatures, hence our results were only compared with the available values obtained at room temperature. The nature of the elastic behaviour in these compounds was analyzed.
The Effects of Staff Development on Pedagogical Practices of Mathematics Teachers in Gokwe South District in Zimbabwe

Mathematics is one of the key subjects of the school curriculum and yet people continue to perform badly in the subject in public examinations. Good learning by students reflects good teaching by the teachers and as such several initiatives have been put in place to conduct staff development workshops with teachers so as to capacitate themin the pedagogy of mathematics education. This study was, therefore, set up to investigate the effects that staff development have on pedagogical practices of mathematics teachers in the Gokwe Central Secondary Schools (GCSS) cluster of Gokwe South district in Zimbabwe. This study adopted a case study design in which purposive sampling was used to select one cluster from the population of seven clusters in the Gokwe South district. Data pertinent to the study were allocated through questionnaires and interviews. The study sample comprised of the mathematics Education Officer (EO) in the midlands region, 16 mathematics teachers and 8 Heads of Departments (HODs) from 8 schools. Data gathered were presented and analysed at the descriptive level. The study established that as a result of staff development programmes, there were significant changes in the way teachers in the cluster schemed and planned their work, organised their teaching content, organised their classroom environment and assessed their pupils.
Growth performance and survival of local and white leghorn chicken under intensive management system

This study was conducted to evaluate the comparative growth, sexual maturity, survival, and feed utilization efficiency of local and White Leghorn chicken under intensive management condition. Five groups of each of the two breeds, with 200 baby chicks each, were subjected to appetite feeding with commercial layer\'s type starter\'s and grower\'s ration at day old to eight weeks and eight weeks to twenty weeks of age respectively in a completely randomised design with 5 replication. The results showed that mean daily feed intake and total feed consumption from hatching to maturity were significantly higher (P Key words/phrases : Growth, intensive, local chicken, survival, White Leghorn SINET: Ethiopian Journal of Science Vol. 27 (2) 2004: 161–164
Medicine Through a Feminist Lens

Evidence-based research that is planned, performed and distributed with feminist methodologies provide support for the policy efforts and legislative decision-making of service community organizations. Linking this type of medical research to policy facilitates and sustains positive health outcomes in women’s lives. The effectiveness of the legislation can be monitored. Instead of showing that the lack of policy disadvantages women, we can show how policy can reduce disparities. Coordinating policy indicator variables with health indicator variables produces a powerful means for understanding which health indicators need further policy support. Feminist analysis forms the basis for the kind of successful legislative outcomes experienced in Oregon-outcomes that can and do improve women’s health. Theory is only as good as its interpretation and only as good as those who are meant to benefit from the theory can understand it. bell hooks (1994) The emergence of feminist theory in the 1970’s and subsequent feminist philosophy’s critique of objectivity since then opened up an arena in which long-held theories could be critiqued and improved. The resulting emergence of feminist activism has required that theoretical insight be translated into pragmatic action. Within the broad genre of feminist theory, feminist critiques of science have opened up the space to think, practice, and focus on women’s Manuscript
Bacterial responses to environmental herbicide pollutants (glyphosate and paraquat)

The toxic effect of herbicides on non- target microorganisms may influence degradation of organic matter resulting in changes to nutrient cycling. In the present study, different strains of bacteria incubated in media containing different concentrations of glyphosate and paraquat were assessed over a period of two incubation terms. The deleterious impact of the herbicide was observed as glyphosate and paraquate treatments led to a reduction in the bacterial population. Analysis of the colony- forming unit (CFUs) showed a declining in microbial growth from 0 to 24 hours of incubation in all concentrations of glyphosate followed by a steady declining rate of the bacterial population after 48 h. The greatest bacterial population developed in media containing concentrations of glyphosate and paraquat was observed with strains S13.3, while strains S55 and S35 showed the lowest biomass production in response to all concentrations of glyphosate and paraquat. Based on the results obtained, strain S13.3 was determined to be resistant to the herbicides examined and may be useful for bioremediation of these compounds in soil.
Catalyst : Effect of Calcination Temperature on Physico-chemical Properties and Activities in Nitration of Toluene

The 12 wt % molybdena was deposited over 1:1 silica zirconia mixed oxide support and the resultant catalyst was calcined between the 500 to 700 oC ranges of temperature. The samples were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, BET, SEM, NH3-TPD and pyridine adsorbed FT-IR techniques. Nitration of toluene was studied as a model reaction over the prepared catalysts and parameters like effect of reaction temperature, effect of various solvents, catalyst reusability are studied. It was found that conversion of toluene varies with the presence of Brönsted acid sites over the catalyst surface and para-nitrotoluene selectivity is associated with pore size of the catalyst. Over the same catalysts, nitration was extended for some other aromatics. Avoid of sulfuric acid in the present process is an interesting concern in view of green chemistry. Copyright © 2012 BCREC UNDIP. All rights reserved.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Flow Separation in Ovalized Nozzles

During the unsteady start-up and shut-down process in supersonic rocket engine nozzles high sideloads can occur. Fluctuations, e.g. in the propellant feeding mass flow or the ambient pressure, can excite the nozzle’s Eigenmodes leading to deformation and, in the worst case, to destruction of the nozzle structure. Separation of the nozzle flow amplifies this excitation. The flow characteristics in ovalized rocket nozzles and their influence on the nozzle structure is therefore investigated within the framework of the DLR internal cooperation program ProTAU. Three TIC nozzles have been designed, manufactured and tested to provide validation data for numerical simulations. The influence of the used turbulence model on the wall pressure and shock system have been investigated for the undeformed and a set of generically deformed nozzle contours.
Differences between Doppler velocities of ions and neutral atoms in a solar prominence

In astrophysical systems with partially ionized plasma the motion of ions is governed by the magnetic field while the neutral particles can only feel the magnetic field's Lorentz force indirectly through collisions with ions. The drift in the velocity between ionized and neutral species plays a key role in modifying important physical processes like magnetic reconnection, damping of magnetohydrodynamic waves, transport of angular momentum in plasma through the magnetic field, and heating. This paper investigates the differences between Doppler velocities of calcium ions and neutral hydrogen in a solar prominence to look for velocity differences between the neutral and ionized species. We simultaneously observed spectra of a prominence over an active region in H I 397 nm, H I 434 nm, Ca II 397 nm, and Ca II 854 nm using a high dispersion spectrograph of the Domeless Solar Telescope at Hida observatory, and compared the Doppler velocities, derived from the shift of the peak of the spectral lines presumably emitted from optically-thin plasma. There are instances when the difference in velocities between neutral atoms and ions is significant, e.g. 1433 events (~ 3 % of sets of compared profiles) with a difference in velocity between neutral hydrogen atoms and calcium ions greater than 3sigma of the measurement error. However, we also found significant differences between the Doppler velocities of two spectral lines emitted from the same species, and the probability density functions of velocity difference between the same species is not significantly different from those between neutral atoms and ions. We interpreted the difference of Doppler velocities as a result of motions of different components in the prominence along the line of sight, rather than the decoupling of neutral atoms from plasma.
Time-domain simulation of carbon nanotube dipoles at low-terahertz band

This communication presents a procedure for the analysis of carbon nanotube (CN) antennas directly in the time domain. The time-domain electric-field integral equation (TD-EFIE) for thin-wires, including external loads, is the procedure in which is based. Appropriate loads are calculated to match the physical response of single-walled carbon nanotube (CN) media to external electromagnetics fields. The time-domain formulation provides physical insight into characteristic effects of CN dipoles, such as slow-wave propagation and the existence of low-frequency resonances.
X-ray variability of Capella

We discuss 12 individual observations of stable calibration source Capella over the last five years. The light curves and spectra, derived from LETGS on board CHANDRA are investigated. The spectra cover the wavelength range 1-175 A. Nine of the twelve observations show comparable count rates, while the three most recent observations between March 2005 and April 2006 show a 40-50% higher count rate. No individual flares were recognised. Line flux ratios between different observations show that the variations are related to the hotter plasma. Variations in line fluxes of highly ionised iron lines show a strong resemblance with earlier line flux variations in the years 1992-1995. A time interval of 10.7(.2) year is determined between two maxima in line fluxes. Emission measure modellings to the total spectra have been made by means of spex in combination with mekal. Observations with higher count rates have a higher emission measure at higher temperature.
Effect of Laser Treatment, Self-Adhesive Resin Cement Brand and Thermocycling on Push out Bond Strength of Fiber Reinforced Post

The interface between the adhesive resin and fiber posts has an important role in their performance. However, It was found that the most frequent cause of their failure is debonding at the adhesive resin-dentin interface. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of laser treatment: Erbium, Diode or no treatment; and two brandsof self-adhesive resin cement: hydrophobic (Smartcem2) and conventional (Breeze); in addition to the effect of thermocycling on push out bond strength of Glassix fiber- reinforced composite post. A total of ninety- six freshly extracted natural human teeth were equally divided into three main groups after root canal treatment, decoronatin and post space preparation. Teeth of group 1 were treated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser, group 2 were treated with Diode laser, while the teeth of group 3 [control] received no laser treatment. Posts in half of the speciemens of the three groups were cemented with hydrophobic resin cement (Smartcem2) and the rest were cemented with conventional resin cement (Breeze). Samples of each group were further subdivided into two subgroups according to whether they were thermocycled or not. Three slices of 3mm- thickness: cervical, middle and apical were prepared from each root. Then a push-out test was performed using universal testing machine at a strain rate of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed using Unpaired t test. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to study the effect of different variables’ interactions. This was followed by Tukey’s post hoc test when a significant difference was detected. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. The results revealed that the Er,Cr:YSGG -2790 nm laser afforded greater bond strength than the diode laser. The hydrophobic self-adhesive resin cement demonstrated higher bond strength than the other brand. In addition, thermal stresses induced by thermocycling reduced the bond strength of Glassix fiber post.
Statistics For Strontium Isotope Stratigraphy: A Robust Lowess Fit to the Marine Sr‐Isotope Curve For 0 to 206 Ma, With Look‐Up Table For Derivation of Numeric Age

We provide a best‐fit curve to 1849 strontium isotope data for the period 0 to 206 Ma using the LOcally‐WEighted regression Scatterplot Smoother (LOWESS) method. This is a robust, nonparametric modern regression technique. Since it does not yield an explicit mathematical equation relating 87Sr/86Sr to time, a look‐up table to determine numeric age has been generated in steps of 1 × 10−6 in 87Sr/86Sr. The calibration uses the timescales of Shackleton and coworkers for 0‐7 Ma; Cande and Kent for 7‐72 Ma; Obradovich for 72‐95 Ma and Gradstein and coworkers for >95 Ma. The look‐up table includes 95% confidence intervals on the predictions of numeric age. When using this table, the uncertainty on the 87Sr/86Sr of the sample whose age is sought must be added to that inherent in the LOWESS regression. We show how to determine the uncertainty in 87Sr/86, i.e., how best to obtain the 95% confidence bounds on a single measurement of 87Sr/86 for a sample, and on the mean 87Sr/86 value for 2 or more replicate measurements of 87Sr/86 in the sample; these confidence intervals reflect analytical‐system reproducibility for routine samples (as opposed to that of standard control materials, e.g., NIST 987) and are necessary to establish the final upper and lower bounds on predicted numeric age.
Storage, patterns, and control of soil organic carbon and nitrogen in the northeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

This study tested the hypothesis that soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) spatial distributions show clear relationships with soil properties and vegetation composition as well as climatic conditions. Further, this study aimed to find the corresponding controlling parameters of SOC and TN storage in high-altitude ecosystems. The study was based on soil, vegetation and climate data from 42 soil pits taken from 14 plots. The plots were investigated during the summers of 2009 and 2010 at the northeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. Relationships of SOC density with soil moisture, soil texture, biomass and climatic variables were analyzed. Further, storage and vertical patterns of SOC and TN of seven representative vegetation types were estimated. The results show that significant relationships of SOC density with belowground biomass (BGB) and soil moisture (SM) can be observed. BGB and SM may be the dominant factors influencing SOC density in the topsoil of the study area. The average densities of SOC and TN at a depth of 1 m were about 7.72 kg C m−2 and 0.93 kg N m−2. Both SOC and TN densities were concentrated in the topsoil (0–20 cm) and fell exponentially as soil depth increased. Additionally, the four typical vegetation types located in the northwest of the study area were selected to examine the relationship between SOC and environmental factors (temperature and precipitation). The results indicate that SOC density has a negative relationship with temperature and a positive relationship with precipitation diminishing with soil depth. It was concluded that SOC was concentrated in the topsoil, and that SOC density correlates well with BGB. SOC was predominantly influenced by SM, and to a much lower extent by temperature and precipitation. This study provided a new insight in understanding the control of SOC and TN density in the northeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau.
Smart destinations and tech-savvy millennial tourists: hype versus reality

PurposeThis paper aims to contrast the expectations placed on the smart destination as a theoretical management approach with the reality of emergent tech-savvy tourism demand by examining the response of this segment to three critical dimensions of technology use in the context of smart destinations. Tech-savvy tourists are here represented by highly educated Spanish millennial tourists.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained through an online survey and analysed through descriptive techniques and exploratory factor analysis using SPSS. Literature review was critical for setting the foundations of the research in this novel context.FindingsResults suggest the existence of a gap between the smart destination theoretical expectations and created hype and the real response of the examined demand in the three main scopes for this tourist-smart destination technology-based relationship, namely, mobile technology use, data sharing for personalised experiences and smart technologies for enhanced experiences.Research limitations/implicationsConvenience sampling was used, and the results of the study cannot be generalised to all millennial tourists. The research is a first approximation to the interrelationship between tourists and smart destinations.Practical/implicationsTourists’ role and experiences mediated by information and communication technologies (ICTs) are decisive in smart destinations. Destination Management Organisations (DMOs), through their policies and actions, ought to take into account the limited predisposition of tourists in using mobile devices, sharing data and using smart technologies for their experiences. Privacy concerns appear to have special relevance for tourists and, therefore, for the future of smart destinations.Originality/valueThe findings offer relevant insights for smart destinations from a neglected angle hitherto, as they introduce several interesting nuances which do not match entirely the fast track taken by institutions, media and academia. This is critical for better understanding tourists in the current panorama, for DMOs and for the theoretical foundations of smart tourism. Besides, the exploratory data analysis reveals potential dimensions of millennials’ behaviour, which can be useful for further investigations.
Social Choice in the General Spatial Model of Politics ⁄y

This paper extends the theory of the core, the uncovered set, and the related undominated set to a general set of alternatives and an arbitrary measure space of voters. We investigate the properties of social preferences generated by simple games, we extend results on generic emptiness of the core, we prove the general nonemptiness of the uncovered and undominated sets, and we prove the upper hemicontinuity of these correspondences when the voters’ preferences are such that the core is nonempty and externally stable. Finally, we give conditions under which the undominated set is lower hemicontinuous.
A Meteorological Analysis of the 2013 Alberta Flood: Antecedent Large-Scale Flow Pattern and Synoptic–Dynamic Characteristics

AbstractThe 19–21 June 2013 Alberta flood was the costliest (CAD $6 billion) natural disaster in Canadian history. The flood was caused by a combination of above-normal spring snowmelt in the Canadian Rockies, large antecedent precipitation, and an extreme rainfall event on 19–21 June that produced rainfall totals of 76 mm in Calgary and 91 mm in the foothills. As is typical of flash floods along the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, rapidly rising streamflow proceeded to move downhill (eastward) into Calgary.A meteorological analysis traces an antecedent Rossby wave train across the North Pacific Ocean, starting with intense baroclinic development over East Asia on 11 June. Subsequently, downstream Rossby wave development occurred across the North Pacific; a 1032-hPa subtropical anticyclone located northeast of Hawaii initiated a southerly atmospheric river into Alaska, which contributed to the development of a cutoff anticyclone over Alaska and a Rex block (ridge to the north, cyclone to the south) in.
Are Early Summer Wildfires an Opportunity to Revegetate Exotic Annual Grass–Invaded Plant Communities?

Abstract Medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae [L.] Nevski) is an exotic annual grass invading western rangelands. Successful revegetation of invaded-plant communities can be prohibitively expensive because it often requires iterative applications of integrated control and revegetation treatments. Prescribed burning has been used to control medusahead and prepare seedbeds for revegetation, but burning has been constrained by liability concerns and has produced widely varying results. Capitalizing on naturally occurring wildfires could reduce revegetation costs and alleviate liability concerns. Thus, our objective was to determine if early summer wildfires and fall drill seeding could be used as a treatment combination to decrease medusahead and increase perennial and native vegetation. Treatments were evaluated pretreatment and for 3 yr postfire at six sites and included 1) an early summer wildfire combined with a seeding treatment (burn and seed) and 2) a nontreated (no burn, no seed) control. Perennial grass density was 4.6- to 10.0-fold greater in the burn-and-seed treatment compared to the control in the first 3 yr posttreatment (P < 0.05). Exotic annual grass density and cover in the third year posttreatment were lower in the burn-and-seed treatment than in the control (P < 0.05). However, exotic annual grass density was still > 130 individuals · m−2 in the burn-and-seed treatment. The density of exotic annual grass is of concern because over time medusahead may displace perennial grasses and annual forbs that increased with the burn-and-seed treatment. Though not directly tested in this study, we suggest that, based on other research, the burn-and-seed treatment may need to incorporate a preemergent herbicide application to further suppress medusahead and increase the establishment of seeded vegetation. However, it appears that early summer wildfires may provide an opportunity to reduce the cost of integrated programs to revegetate medusahead-invaded plant communities.