Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of mode of delivery in women with previous one cesarean section

Objectives: To know the outcome of mode of delivery - elective repeat cesarean section (CS) and trial for vaginal delivery in women with prior one cesarean section. Methods: A prospective study was carried out on 385 women with previous one lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) from 1 st January 2005 to 31 st December 2006. Women with recurrent indications for CS or those having non recurrent indications with any complicating factors in present pregnancy were taken for elective LSCS. Those women with previous one LSCS for the non recurrent indications were given a trial for vaginal delivery. Case selection for trial of vaginal delivery was done as per ACOG guidelines. Statistical analysis was done by t test. Results: Out of the 197 women in the trial group, 72.1% delivered vaginally and 27.9% required emergency repeat LSCS. There was no statistically significant difference in maternal and perinatal morbidity rates in elective CS versus trial of vaginal delivery groups. Conclusion: With proper selection, appropriate timing and close supervision; trial of vaginal delivery eliminates the need for a large proportion of repeat cesarean operations. Individualized approach seems to be the best.
Influence of Axial Length on Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Children: A Study by RTVue Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the influence of axial length on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in myopic, hyperopic and emmetropic children eyes by RTVue optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: One hundred twenty eyes of 120 children including 40 myopic, 40 emmetropic and 40 hyperopic eyes were enrolled in the study. Peripapillary RNFL thickness measurements were performed using spectral-domain RTVue OCT (Optovue, Fremont, CA). RNFL thickness parameters were obtained from all octametric sections: upper temporal (TU), superotemporal (ST), superonasal (SN), upper nasal (NU), lower nasal (NL), inferonasal (IN), inferotemporal (IT) and lower temporal (TL). Spherical equivalent refractive error was determined via cycloplegic auto-refraction (Topcon, Tokyo, Japan). The axial length was measured using IOLMaster (Carl Zeiss MEDITEC). Littmann formula was used for correction of axial length-related ocular magnification effect. Results: Peripapillary RNFL thicknesses were significantly different among the three groups in all sectors except for NU and IT sectors. RNFL thicknesses in all sectors except for TU and TL sectors had significant negative correlations with axial length. However, these differences (excluding TU and TL sectors) and correlations disappeared after correction of magnification effect. Conclusion: In conclusion, axial length influences peripapillary RNFL thickness as measured by RTVue OCT. However, this appears to be due to the ocular magnification effects associated with axial length and can be corrected for with the application of the Littman formula.
HTLV‐1‐associated myelopathy: first case reported in Taiwan

ABSTRACT Taiwan is geographically, culturally, and socially close to southern Japan, which is an endemic area of human T‐lymphotropic virus type 1‐associated myelopathy (HAM). Taiwan, however, is not an endemic area of HAM. We report the first case of HAM in a native Taiwanese, a 61‐year‐old woman, without known HTLV‐1 risk factors.
Optimization of dynamic UEP schemes for embedded image sources in noisy channels

We present an optimization algorithm for 3-rate dynamic unequal error protection (UEP) schemes for embedded image bit streams transmitted over noisy channels. A theoretical upper bound for UEP gains is also given. Simulation results demonstrate about 0.3 dB improvements over the optimal equal error protection (EEP) schemes at the price of negligible overheads and off-line computation load. The progression of the source bit streams is still kept. Furthermore, it is discovered that for binary symmetric channels (BSCs) with bit error rate (BER) satisfying /spl epsiv//spl les/10/sup -1/, at most 3 protection levels are enough to squeeze out almost all the UEP gains.
Origins of Low-Frequency Noise and Interface Traps in 4H-SiC MOSFETs

Detailed studies of the temperature and voltage dependences of the low-frequency noise of 4H-SiC MOSFETs and TCAD simulations show that the noise is caused primarily by interface traps. First-principle calculations identify these traps as carbon vacancy clusters and nitrogen dopant atoms at or near the SiC/SiO2 interface.
Social Interaction and Psychological Well-Being: Comparison across Stages of Adulthood

Using a national probability sample, this study examines the impact of social interaction on psychological well-being across stages of adulthood. Quality of social interaction measured by satisfaction with family life and friendship are found to be positively related to well-being of adults in all age groups. A further examination of this positive effect shows that the impact of family and friendship interaction on well-being are similar in each adulthood stage. These findings show that the positive impact of social interaction on psychological well-being is not unique to the elderly population but similar among all stages of adulthood.
Children's use of anatomically detailed dolls to recount an event.

The use of anatomically detailed dolls in child sexual abuse investigations has raised several controversial issues related to important theoretical questions in developmental psychology. The present study was designed to examine some of these issues in a methodologically sound experiment. 80 3- and 5-year-old children experienced a social interaction with a male confederate and were later tested under 1 of 4 recall conditions: reenactment with anatomically detailed dolls, reenactment with regular dolls, free recall with visual cues, or free recall without visual cues. The children were also asked a variety of specific and misleading questions, some of them dealing with acts associated with abuse ("He took your clothes off, didn't he? "). Both anatomically detailed and regular dolls along with other props aided 5-year-olds more than 3-year-olds in recounting the event. To use increased rather than decreased age differences. Anatomically detailed dolls did not foster false reports of abuse. Overall, 3-year-olds were more suggestible than 5-year-olds. The findings have implications for children's testimony in child abuse cases and for psychological theories concerning the effects of stimulus support on children's memory.
Vision‐related function after low‐dose transpupillary thermotherapy versus photodynamic therapy for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration

Purpose: To compare the effects of low‐dose transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) and verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) on patient‐reported visual function using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire 25 (NEI VFQ‐25) in patients with occult neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (AMD).
A BRIGHT RADIO HH OBJECT WITH LARGE PROPER MOTIONS IN THE MASSIVE STAR-FORMING REGION W75N

We analyze radio continuum and line observations from the archives of the Very Large Array (VLA), as well as X-ray observations from the Chandra archive of the region of massive star formation W75N. Five radio continuum sources are detected: VLA 1, VLA 2, VLA 3, Bc, and VLA 4. VLA 3 appears to be a radio jet; we detect J = 1–0, v = 0 SiO emission toward it, probably tracing the inner parts of a molecular outflow. The radio continuum source Bc, previously believed to be tracing an independent star, is found to exhibit important changes in total flux density, morphology, and position. These results suggest that source Bc is actually a radio Herbig–Haro object, one of the brightest known, powered by the VLA 3 jet source. VLA 4 is a new radio continuum component, located a few arcsec to the south of the group of previously known radio sources. Strong and broad (1,1) and (2,2) ammonia emission is detected from the region containing the radio sources VLA 1, VLA 2, and VLA 3. Finally, the 2–10 keV emission seen in the Chandra/ACIS image shows two regions that could be the termination shocks of the outflows from the multiple sources observed in W75N.
Cyclic AMP-dependent Activation of Rap1b (*)

Rap1 proteins belong to the Ras superfamily of small molecular weight GTP-binding proteins. Although Rap1 and Ras share approximately 50% overall amino acid sequence identity, the effector domains of the two proteins are identical, suggesting either similar or antagonistic signaling roles. Several pathways leading to Ras activation have been defined, including those initiated by agonist binding to tyrosine kinase or Gi-coupled receptors. Nothing is known about such events for Rap1 proteins. The cAMP-mediated inhibition of Ras-dependent MAP kinase activation is well documented and resembles that caused by expression of GTPase-deficient Rap1. We have developed a system whereby signals leading to Rap1b activation, i.e. an increase in Rap1b-bound GTP/GDP ratio, can be measured. We report here that treatment of cells with agents that elevate intracellular cAMP levels result in Rap1b activation. These results demonstrate for the first time agonist-dependent activation of Rap1 proteins.
Association of Serum Cholesterol, Triglyceride, High and Low Density Lipoprotein (HDL and LDL) Levels in Chronic Periodontitis Subjects with Risk for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD): A Cross Sectional Study.

PURPOSE To assess serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high and low density lipoprotein (HDL and LDL) levels (serum lipid profile) in subjects with chronic periodontitis and the possible association for risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Total of 80 participants (42 males and 38 females) who were in the age range of 30-65 years were divided into test group (group I- 40 subjects with chronic periodontitis) and control group (group II- 40 subjects with healthy periodontium), based on their periodontal disease statuses. Three ml of venous blood samples were taken for measurement of parameters of lipid metabolism [serum cholesterol (chol); triglycerides (Tg); HDL and LDL. RESULTS Significant increase in serum cholesterol and LDL (P<0.05) were observed in test group (group I), whereas serum triglycerides and HDL (P>0.66) showed no significant increase in test group (group I) as compared to their values in the control group (group II). A P-value of < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Subjects with chronic periodontitis showed increased serum cholesterol and LDL levels. This may suggest that these subjects are potentially at a risk of getting CVD.
Maternal sensitivity, maternal mind-mindedness, and infant socioemotional functioning: An examination of concurrent associations

Longoria, Nancy I. Ph.D., Purdue University, December 2013. Maternal Sensitivity, Maternal Mind-mindedness, and Infant Socioemotional Functioning: An Examination of Concurrent Associations. Major Professor: German Posada. Associations between maternal sensitivity, maternal mind-mindedness, and infant socioemotional (SE) functioning were examined in a sample of 40 mother-infant dyads. Semi-structured home observations were conducted to assess maternal sensitivity and collect maternal ratings of maternal depression and infant SE functioning. Mindmindedness was assessed during free play and teaching interactions during the home visit. Sensitivity at home was positively associated with mind-mindedness during a free play interaction, but not during a teaching interaction. Neither sensitivity nor mindmindedness was significantly associated with total infant SE scores, or scores on 3 SE subscales (adaptive functioning, self-regulation, and interaction with people). A trend between mind-mindedness and self-regulation explored via a regression analysis was revealed to be non-significant. Multiple regressions were conducted to explore the degree of linear relationship between two criterion variables (total infant SE and self-regulation scores and three predictors (sensitivity, attuned MM, and depression). None of the regression models tested significantly predicted infant SE. Overall, results were consistent with prior research in terms of the associations revealed between sensitivity and mind-mindedness during the free-play interaction, and between sensitivity and
Impulse voltage distribution in intershield disk winding VS interleaved and continuous disk winding in power transformer

Strike of a lightning stroke to the high voltage terminal of a power transformer results in an impulse stress on its windings. The magnitude of the series capacitance of the windings has an important effect on the impulse voltage distribution and the stresses along the windings. Increasing the series capacitances of the windings, the impulse voltage distribution becomes more linear and the stress on the winding is reduced. So interleaved windings rather than disk windings are used in power transformer windings to increase the series capacitances. In this paper, the electrostatic shielding, used in disk windings to increase the windings series capacitance, and for linearization of its impulse voltage distribution is introduced and its impact on the modification of impulse voltage distribution is compared with the disk winding without shielding.
Expression profiles and associations of adiponectin and adiponectin receptors with intramuscular fat in Tibetan chicken

ABSTRACT 1. Adiponectin and its receptors (ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2) are novel endocrine systems that act at various levels to modulate glucose and lipid metabolism. This study was designed to investigate the spatial expression of adiponectin, ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 genes in various tissues in Tibetan chicken. The temporal expression of adiponectin and its receptor mRNAs were also studied in adipose tissue, breast muscle and thigh muscle and the correlations of the levels of adiponectin, ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 mRNA with the contents of intramuscular fat in breast muscle and thigh muscle of Tibetan chicken were determined. 2. Quantitative real-time PCR detected chicken adiponectin, ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 mRNA transcripts in heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. 3. Adipose tissue contained the highest amount of adiponectin mRNA followed by the kidney and liver. The expression levels of ADIPOR1 mRNA were significantly higher in adipose tissue, lung and spleen, and adipose tissue exhibited significantly higher levels of ADIPOR2 mRNA followed by the spleen and lung compared with other tissues. 4. Temporal expression profiles of adiponectin, ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 mRNA showed gender differences in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle at certain ages. In adipose tissue, adiponectin mRNA was higher in 154-d-old females and ADIPOR1 mRNA was higher in 154-d-old males: Adiponectin and ADIPOR2 mRNA were higher, and ADIPOR1 mRNA was lower, in thigh muscle in female compared with male chickens. 5. The correlation data showed that, except for adiponectin mRNA, the levels of ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 mRNA in thigh muscle of males were significantly positively correlated with IMF (r = 0.206 for the ADIPOR1 gene and r = 0.676 for the ADIPOR2 gene). 6. Taken together, it was concluded that adiponectin and the ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 genes are ubiquitously expressed in various tissues of Tibetan chicken and the expression of the adiponectin system is gender-dependant at certain ages in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.
Dental Trauma: An Overview of Its Influence on the Management of Orthodontic Treatment. Part 1

This is the first of two papers discussing the implications of dental trauma for patients requiring orthodontic treatment. This paper will focus on the factors the orthodontic specialist should consider when contemplating movement of traumatized teeth. The prevalence of dental trauma and the recognition and prevention of traumatic injuries are discussed. The evidence available in the literature relating to orthodontic tooth movement in vital and endodontically treated traumatized teeth is explored. The interdisciplinary management of root fractured and intruded teeth receive special attention. The second paper will look at the role of the specialist team in the management of failing anterior teeth and will outline possible treatment options for children and adolescents encountering such situations. Avulsion injuries and tooth transplantation are considered in particular detail.
The acceptability of the multiple mini interview for resident selection.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study describes and assesses the acceptability of the multiple mini interview (MMI) to both international medical graduate (IMG) applicants to family medicine residency training in Alberta, Canada, and also interviewers for Alberta's International Medical Graduate Program (AIMGP), an Alberta Health and Wellness government initiative designed to help integrate IMGs into Canadian residency training. IMGs are physicians who completed undergraduate medical education outside of Canada and the United States. IMGs who live in the Canadian province of Alberta may obtain a limited number of government-funded positions for residency training by applying to AIMGP. METHODS A literature review and faculty and medical community consultation informed the development of a 12-station MMI designed to identify non-cognitive characteristics associated with professionalism potential. Clinical scenarios were developed by family physicians and medical educators. Applicant and interviewer posttest acceptability was assessed using surveys. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis and thematic description. RESULTS Our research demonstrates evidence for applicant and interviewer acceptability of the MMI. Interviewers reported high levels of satisfaction with the time-restricted process that addressed multiple situations pertinent to the Canadian family medicine context. Applicants and interviewers were each satisfied that 8 minutes was enough time at each station. Applicants reported that they felt the process was free from gender and cultural bias. Interviewers agreed that this MMI was a fair assessment of potential for family medicine. CONCLUSIONS Standardized residency selection interviews can be adapted to measure professionalism potential characteristics important to family medicine in ways that are acceptable to IMG applicants and interviewers.
Apolipoprotein E‐derived antimicrobial peptide analogues with altered membrane affinity and increased potency and breadth of activity

Host‐derived anti‐infective proteins represent an important source of sequences for designing antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). However such sequences are often long and comprise diverse amino acids with uncertain contribution to biological effects. Previously, we identified a simple highly cationic peptide derivative of human apolipoprotein E (apoEdp) that inhibited a range of microorganisms. Here, we have dissected the protein chemistry underlying this activity. We report that basic residues and peptide length of around 18 residues were required for activity; however, the Leu residues can be substituted by several other residues without loss of activity and, when substituted with Phe or Trp, resulted in peptides with increased potency. These apoEdp‐derived AMPs (apoE‐AMPs) showed no cytotoxicity and minimal haemolytic activity, and were active against HIV and Plasmodium via an extracellular target. CXCR4 and CCR5 strains of HIV were inhibited though an early stage in viral infection upstream of fusion, and a lack of inhibition of vesicular stomatitis virus G protein pseudotyped HIV‐1 suggested the anti‐HIV activity was relatively selective. Inhibition of Plasmodium invasion of hepatocytes was observed without a direct action on Plasmodium integrity or attachment to cells. The Trp‐substituted apoE‐AMP adhered to mammalian cells irreversibly, explaining its increased potency; NMR experiments confirmed that the aromatic peptides also showed stronger perturbation of membrane lipids (relative to apoEdp). Our data highlight the contribution of specific amino acids to the activity of apoEdp (and also potentially unrelated AMPs) and suggest that apoE‐AMPs may be useful as lead agents for preventing the early stages of HIV and Plasmodium cellular entry.
An Update on Feline Infectious Peritonitis

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is an important disease to the cat clinician for several reasons; it is fatal in most (clinical) cases, its biology is poorly understood and prevention is difficult, to say the least. It is also an enigmatic disease: a sporadic viral condition is a contradiction in terms. One expects epidemic expansion from virus diseases, or at least a consistent pattern of spread in a cat society. Another mystifying trait is the fact that antibodies the molecules we associate with immunity and protection have no beneficial effect for the cat. Indeed, under certain circumstances they may even precipitate disease, causing the 'early death' phenomenon. The detection of antibodies is of no benefit to the consulting veterinarian either, since titres are meaningless for the purposes of diagnosis and prognosis in individual patients. Nevertheless, there is a place for serology, as we will discuss later. There is also a vaccine available in some countries, which has been shown to provide some protection [4]. However, its efficacy is a matter of debate.
Prefrontal Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Activation Decreases Performance on a Working Memory Task

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