Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regressive implementations for the forward and inverse MDCT in MPEG audio coding

Modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) and inverse modified discrete cosine transform (IMDCT) are two of the most compute-intensive operations in layer III of the MPEG audio coding standard. We first derive two sinusoidal recursive formulas for the transform kernels of the MDCT and IMDCT. Then we demonstrate that general length of MDCT and IMDCT can be efficiently implemented by using the regressive structure derived from the sinusoidal recursive formulas. The proposed regular structure is particularly suitable for parallel VLSI realization. Besides, it also provides an efficient on-line computation scheme and is especially suitable for the computation of variable length MDCT and IMDCT when involving dynamical window switching in the MPEG audio coding standard.
Oil-water two-phase flow measurement based on a hybrid flowmeter and dominant phase identification

Based on a hybrid flowmeter and a dominant phase identifier, a new system is proposed for oil-water two-phase flow measurement. The hybrid flowmeter consists of an oval gear flowmeter and a Venturi meter. The dominant phase identifier is utilized to overcome the influence of oil fraction on the measurement results. In the practical measurement process, the total volume flowrate and the differential pressure of the two-phase flow are firstly obtained by the oval gear flowmeter and the Venturi meter, respectively. Meanwhile, the dominant phase of the oil-water two-phase flow is identified. Then the meter coefficient of the Venturi meter is selected according to the dominant phase identification result. Finally, the total volume flowrate and the total mass flowrate of the two-phase flow are obtained. The preliminary research results show that the proposed system is effective in measuring oil-water two-phase flow.
Professionals' perceptions of factors affecting implementation and continuation of a physical activity promotion programme in rehabilitation: A qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE To describe professionals' perceptions of factors that facilitate or hamper the implementation and continuation of a physical activity promotion programme in rehabilitation. DESIGN This study used a qualitative design. METHODS Semi-structured interviews (n = 22) were conducted with rehabilitation professionals (n = 28) involved in the implementation of a physical activity promotion programme. Two additional interviews were conducted with the programme coordinators (n = 2). The study involved 18 rehabilitation organizations implementing the programme that targets people with disabilities or chronic diseases. Organizations were supported in the implementation process by the programme coordinators. RESULTS Commonly perceived facilitating factors were: involvement of committed and enthusiastic professionals; agreement with their organizations' vision/wishes; the perceived additional value of the programme; and opportunities to share knowledge and experience with professionals from other organizations. Commonly perceived hampering factors were: uncertainty about continuing the programme; limited flexibility; and lack of support from physicians and therapists to implement the programme. CONCLUSION Professionals perceived a heterogeneous set of factors that facilitate and/or hamper the implementation and continuation of a physical activity promotion programme in rehabilitation. Based on these findings, recommendations were formulated to enhance embedding of physical activity promotion during and after rehabilitation.
The Mediating Role Of Absorptive Capacity On The Relationship Between Climate And Commitment

Much of prior research on organizational learning studied the role of firm’s absorptive capacity. While there is an implicit research consensus on the definitions and outcomes of absorptive capacity, researchers do not seem to have reached a collective understanding of the process by which organizations become able to absorb external knowledge and then produce valuable outcomes. With this purpose we identify a well reviewed valuable outcome by the literature, i.e. the relation between climate and commitment, and we attempt to investigate the mediating role of absorptive capacity on the relation between organizational climate and commitment. The research model we propose was tested on a sample of 143 individuals belonging to some Italian organizations. Our findings show that absorptive capacity can act as leverage for achieving a higher level of employees’ commitment to the organization.
Responses of Seed‐Dispersing Birds to Amount of Rainforest in the Landscape around Fragments

Habitat loss and fragmentation alter the composition of bird assemblages in rainforest. Because birds are major seed dispersers in rainforests, fragmentation‐induced changes to frugivorous bird assemblages are also likely to alter the ecological processes of seed dispersal and forest regeneration, but the specific nature of these changes is poorly understood. We assessed the influence of fragment size and landscape forest cover on the abundance, species composition, and functional properties of the avian seed disperser community in an extensively cleared, former rainforest landscape of subtropical Australia. Bird surveys of fixed time and area in 25 rainforest fragments (1–139 ha in size across a 1800 km2 region) provided bird assemblage data which were coupled with prior knowledge of bird species’ particular roles in seed dispersal to give measurements of seven different attributes of the seed disperser assemblage. We used multimodel regression to assess how patch size and surrounding forest cover (within 200 m, 1000 m, and 5000 m radii) influenced variation in the abundance of individual bird species and of functional groups based on bird species’ responses to fragmentation and their roles in seed dispersal. Surrounding forest cover, specifically rainforest cover, generally had a greater effect on frugivorous bird assemblages than fragment size. Amount of rainforest cover within 200 m of fragments was the main factor positively associated with abundances of frugivorous birds that are both fragmentation sensitive and important seed dispersers. Our results suggest a high proportion of local rainforest cover is required for the persistence of seed‐dispersing birds and the maintenance of seed dispersal processes. Thus, even small rainforest fragments can function as important parts of habitat networks for seed‐dispersing birds, whether or not they are physically connected by vegetation.
Sports Concussion and Associated Post‐Traumatic Headache

Despite an incidence of approximately 3.8 million sports‐related concussions per year, the pathophysiological basis of this injury remains poorly understood. Associated post‐traumatic headache, both acute and chronic, can also provide a unique treatment challenge for medical personnel. The presence of new onset or persistent headache following injury often complicates return to play decisions. It is also now evident that recurrent head trauma may be associated with the development of some chronic neurodegenerative disorders. Although anecdotal reports and consensus guidelines are utilized in the management of sports concussion and associated post‐traumatic headache, further evidence‐based data are needed. Improved prevention and management of this injury will occur with ongoing educational and research efforts. As such advances are made, it is imperative the headache specialist have continued understanding of this evolving field.
Nut consumption and incidence of metabolic syndrome after 6-year follow-up: the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra Follow-up) cohort

Abstract Objective To assess the long-term relationship between tree nut consumption and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). Design Nut consumption was collected using a validated 136-item FFQ. The MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation and American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute harmonizing definition. The association between nut consumption and MetS was assessed with logistic regression models adjusting for potential confounders. We compared the incidence of MetS between extreme categories of nut intake (≥2 servings/week v. never/almost never) after 6 years of follow-up. Setting The SUN Project (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra Follow-up) is a prospective cohort study, formed of Spanish university graduates. Information is gathered by mailed questionnaires collected biennially. Nut consumption and MetS information was collected by self-reported data. Subjects Participants (n 9887) initially free of MetS or diabetes and followed up for a minimum of 6 years were included. Results We observed 567 new cases of MetS during follow-up. Participants who consumed nuts ≥2 servings/week presented a 32 % lower risk of developing MetS than those who never/almost never consumed (adjusted OR = 0·68, 95 % CI 0·50, 0·92). The inverse association was stronger among participants who were health professionals. Conclusions Nut consumption was significantly associated with lower risk of developing MetS after a 6-year follow-up period in a cohort of Spanish graduates.
A comparison of the effect of 1.5% glycine and 5% glucose irrigants on plasma serum physiology and the incidence of transurethral resection syndrome during prostate resection

To examine changes in the pathophysiology and frequency of the transurethral resection (TUR) syndrome with two irrigation fluids, as variable amounts of irrigation fluid are absorbed during TUR of the prostate (TURP), and although polar solutes are required to prevent an effect on diathermy, the solutes may have effects when absorbed.
Hepatitis C virus infection.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects an estimated 170 million persons worldwide and thus represents a viral pandemic, one that is five times as widespread as infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The institution of blood-screening measures in developed countries has decreased the risk of transfusion-associated hepatitis to a negligible level, but new cases continue to occur mainly as a result of injection-drug use and, to a lesser degree, through other means of percutaneous or mucous-membrane exposure. Progression to chronic disease occurs in the majority of HCV-infected persons, and infection with the virus has become the main indication .
Real time image enhancement and segmentation for sign/text detection

A personal computer(pc)-based low-cost visual system that can detect and extract text regions in visual signs in the scene and recognize them for location awareness is described. It employs fast image enhancement and segmentation methods based on symmetric neighborhood filter and hierarchical-connected component analysis to extract written information on signboards, which appears in the scene. Our approach allows us to remove the undesired segments by analyzing their features, removing the perspective distortion and correcting the orientation for better detection using signboard boundary lines and corners, extract the words and characters. As the signboard may not contain only text but also may contain nontext illustrations, the systems classifies each text region inside the signboard as "text-only" and "sign-only" using support vector machine (SVM) based classifiers. Experimental results show the robustness of our region-based detection algorithm over pixel-based algorithms.
Chorea in fifty consecutive patients with rheumatic fever

Rheumatic fever (RF) remains a significant public health problem in developing countries. Although its incidence has been declining in developed areas, several outbreaks of RF have been identified in the United States since 1985. To study the prevalence and clinical features of Sydenham's chorea (SC), a well‐recognized expression of RF, we examined 50 consecutive patients with RF seen at our Pediatric Cardiology Clinic. Chorea was rated on a scale of 0‐‐4(0 = no chorea; and 4 = severe chorea, patient unable to walk). Chorea, active or in remission, occurred in 13 patients (26%). The male‐to‐female ratio was 1.08 among the total population and 0.86 among the SC group. The mean age of the 50 patients at onset of RF was 8.4 years and the standard deviation (SD) 3.1 years. Carditis was diagnosed in 84% of patients with and without chorea, but arthritis was more common in the latter group (83.8%) than in the SC group (30.8%). The mean age at onset of SC was 9.2 years (SD 2.7). Involuntary movement, noticed by nine patients, was the most common initial symptom. Chorea went into remission in eight patients after 9.9 months (SD 13.4). Chorea was rated 3 in ten patients, 1 in two patients, and 4 in one patient. Among the five patients with active SC, three had hemichorea and two had generalized chorea. We recognized abnormal saccades in 80% of patients with active chorea, whereas just 13.5% of patients without chorea displayed this abnormality. SC remains an important cause of chorea in countries plagued by RF.
Classification of Severe Male Juvenile Offenders Using the MACI Clinical and Personality Scales

Classifications for severe juvenile offenders and ones that include mental health needs are lacking. Thus, in this study, adolescent male offenders (N = 652) committed to a residential facility were clustered on personality and clinical scales of the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (Millon, 1993) into 5 groups (including 4 found in other typologies). As expected, the impulsive/reactive and psychopathy groups had more severe criminal histories and the impulsive/reactive and anxious/inhibited groups had increased suicidal behaviors and poor psychosocial functioning. The impulsive/reactive group showed expected verbal deficits. The unremarkable group lacked discernable personality/clinical problems and was unremarkable on dependent variables. A conforming group emerged that may be unique to severe juvenile offender populations. Future studies should examine institutional adjustment and outcomes among the identified groups.
Controllable Hydrothermal Growth of ZnO Nanowires on Cellulose Paper for Flexible Sensors and Electronics

Seamless integration of functional nanomaterials on paper can boost the functionality of paper-based flexible sensors and electronics. In this paper, we report the systematic study of a low-cost hydrothermal process for growing zinc oxide nanowires (ZnO NWs) on cellulose paper substrates. To control the competition between homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation and obtain ZnO NWs with superior morphology and high growth efficiency, we tune the critical growth parameters including temperature, assistant chemicals, and seeding layer. We experimentally confirm the necessity of ammonium hydroxide as assistant chemical in the growth solution, and achieve a condition that generates the highest weight growth percentage of 40% in the tested range. We quantify the weight growth percentage of ZnO NWs over growth time, measure the electrical resistance of the ZnO-NW paper, and eventually establish an experimental guideline for preparing ZnO-NW paper with desired electrical property. To demonstrate potential applications of the ZnO-NW paper, we use the obtained ZnO-NW paper for sensing of ultraviolet light and mechanical touch. This paper provides experimental insights into hydrothermal growth of ZnO NWs on paper, and could further inspire novel utilization of ZnO-NW paper for flexible sensors and electronics.
Kinetics of uptake and incorporation of meso-diaminopimelic acid in different Escherichia coli strains

The rate at which the peptidoglycan precursor meso-diaminopimelic acid (DAP) is incorporated into the cell wall of Escherichia coli cells was determined by pulse-label experiments. For different E. coli strains, the incorporation rate was compared with the rate of uptake of DAP into the cell. With E. coli W7, a dap lys mutant generally used in this kind of studies, steady-state incorporation was reached only after about 0.75 of the doubling time. This lag period can be ascribed to the presence of a large internal DAP pool in the cells. An E. coli K-12 lysA strain was constructed which could be grown without DAP in its medium. Consequently, due to the higher specific activity of the added [3H]DAP, faster incorporation and higher levels of radioactivity in the peptidoglycan layer were observed in the K-12 lysA strain than in the W7 strain. In addition, uptake and incorporation were faster in steady state (within about 0.2 of the doubling time), indicating a smaller DAP pool. The lag period could be further diminished and the incorporation rate could be increased by feedback inhibition of the biosynthetic pathway to DAP with threonine and methionine. These results make MC4100 lysA a suitable strain for studies on peptidoglycan synthesis. To explain our observations, we suggest the existence of an expandable pool of DAP in E. coli which varies with the DAP concentration in the growth medium. With 2 microgram of DAP per ml, the size of the pool is severalfold the amount of DAP contained in the cell wall. This pool can be partly washed out of the cells. Grown without DAP, MC4100 lysA still has a small pool caused by endogenous synthesis, which accounts for the fact that steady-state [3H]DAP incorporation in the lysA strain still shows a lag period.
A Trial of Valganciclovir Prophylaxis for Cytomegalovirus Prevention in Lung Transplant Recipients

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common after lung transplantation. We performed a prospective trial of valganciclovir prophylaxis in lung recipients with outcomes compared to matched historical controls. The valganciclovir group (n = 40) (including D+/R– and R+ patients) was prospectively enrolled, and received oral valganciclovir 900 mg once daily for 12 weeks. Historical controls (n = 40) received 12 weeks of daily intravenous ganciclovir if D+/R– or 12 weeks of oral ganciclovir if R+. CMV viral load testing was done at two‐week intervals until 6 months posttransplant. Baseline demographics and immunosuppression were comparable in the two groups. The incidence of CMV viremia was 16/40 (40.0%) in the valganciclovir arm versus 18/40 (45%) in the ganciclovir arm (p = NS). The incidence of symptomatic CMV disease was 8/40 (20%) versus 7/40 (17.5%), respectively (p = NS). In both groups viremia, while on prophylaxis, was uncommon (valganciclovir: 0/40 and ganciclovir: 2/40). Peak viral load and time to viremia were similar in the two arms. High rates of viremia and symptomatic disease occurred in the D+/R– patients after discontinuation of prophylaxis. Genotypic CMV sequence analysis demonstrated low rates of ganciclovir resistance in both groups. Valganciclovir prophylaxis had similar efficacy to either intravenous ganciclovir (D+/R– patients), or oral ganciclovir (R+ patients) in lung recipients.
The risk of secondary primary malignancy in early stage differentiated thyroid cancer: a US population-based study

protein function, encoding for an altered and non-functional isoform [12,13]. Interestingly from a clinical point of view, bsandwich mutations, such as p.V143A c.428T>C, are considered very promising targets for functional p53 rescue by generic small molecule drugs, able to restore wild-type-like activity [13]. When both alleles encode for a non-functional protein, p53 loses its function of ‘guardian of the genome’, causing high genomic instability and resistance to anticancer drugs [12]. In our case, homozygosity for p.V143A (c.428T>C) mutation could have caused tumor resistance after a prolonged response to trastuzumab. Due to the small size of the liver lesion and the ethical problem of performing a ‘clinically not required’ liver biopsy, it has not been possible to analyze the liver metastasis upfront treatment with trastuzumab. Missing this initial analysis, another hypothesis for the acquired resistance to trastuzumab could be that the mutation already existed when the metastasis first appeared, representing a more malignant subclone from the primary tumor. As regards to the expression of p53, IHC staining is usually used as a surrogate for mutational analysis in the diagnostic workup of carcinomas of multiple sites, a strong and diffuse pattern of p53 expression (greater than 60% of cells) being associated with a mutated TP53 gene in the most of cases [14]. In our case, IHC was not able to discriminate the heterozygous mutation of TP53 in the primary tumor and the homozygous mutation in the metastatic lesion, both appearing intensely positive. In conclusion, in our case, homozygosity for p.V143A c.428T>C mutation in exon5 of TP53 gene could be the cause of the acquired resistance in the course of trastuzumab therapy. Considering the difficulty to find suitable metastatic tissue specimens for molecular assessments and the uncommon presence of this mutation in gastric cancer, it could be hard to clinically verify this hypothesis, which, in our opinion, could be otherwise tested in vitro on HER2 overexpressing gastric cancer cell lines transfected with the p.V143A c.428T>C mutation.
Results of Arthroscopic Fixation of Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesion of the Knee with Cylindrical Autogenous Osteochondral Plugs

Background In situ fixation of unstable lesions of osteochondral dissecans of the knees with cylindrical osteochondral autograft transplantation has been reported to provide excellent results with healing of the osteochondral dissecans fragment. Purpose To evaluate the clinical results and magnetic resonance imaging findings of the osteochondral dissecans of knees treated with in situ fixation of the osteochondral fragments with osteochondral autograft transplantation. Study Design Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods Twelve knees (12 patients; mean age, 16.0 years) with osteochondral dissecans lesions were treated with in situ fixation with autogenous osteochondral plugs. The mean lesion size was 2.4 cm2 (range, 1.0-4.9 cm2). The osteochondral dissecans lesions were located on the medial femoral condyle in 10 patients and on the lateral femoral condyle in 2 patients. Seven lesions were located in the weightbearing area. The International Cartilage Repair Society classification in arthroscopic findings was grade II in 1 patient, grade III in 8 patients, and grade IV in 3 patients. All patients were evaluated with the Hughston Rating Scale form with the mean follow-up at 4.5 years (range, 2.8-5.9 years). The interface between the osteochondral fragment and subchondral bone and changes in donor site of the osteochondral graft were evaluated with T2-weighted magnetic resonance image up to 12 months postoperatively. Results The Hughston Rating Scale scored 8 knees as excellent, 3 as good, and 1 as fair. The interface between the osteochondral fragment and subchondral bone had disappeared on magnetic resonance image by 3 months postoperatively in all cases. No complications arising from the donor site area were observed. Signal intensity of donor site changed from high signal preoperatively to homogeneous surrounding cancellous bone by 1 year postoperatively. Conclusion Biological fixation of the osteochondral dissecans lesion with cylindrical osteochondral autograft provided healing of the osteochondral fragments.