Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of the Methodological Quality of Research Published in the American Journal of Sports Medicine

Background Evidence-based medicine has become a popular topic in academic medicine during the past several decades and more recently in orthopaedics and sports medicine. Hypothesis Articles published in The American Journal of Sports Medicine have shown an improvement in methodological quality in 2001-2003, compared with 1991-1993. Study Design Systematic review. Methods All articles published in The American Journal of Sports Medicine during the periods 1991-1993 and 2001-2003 were reviewed and classified by type of study. The use of pertinent methodologies such as prospective data collection, randomization, blinding, and controlled studies was noted for each article. The frequency of each article type and the use of evidence-based techniques were compared across study periods. Results Case series and descriptive studies decreased during the study period, from 27.4% to 15.3% (P=. 00003) and from 11.9% to 5.6% (P=. 001), respectively, of articles published. Prospective cohort studies increased from 4.7% to 14.1% (P=. 000005), and randomized, prospective clinical trials increased from 2.7% to 5.9% of articles (P=. 04). More studies tested an explicit hypothesis (P=. 0000002), used prospective data collection (P=. 000003), and used blinding (P=. 02), and more studies identified a funding source (P=. 004). Conclusions Overall, there was a shift toward more prospective and randomized research designs published in The American Journal of Sports Medicine during 2001-2003 compared to 1991-1993, demonstrating an improvement in the methodological quality of published research.
Key barriers for global software product development organizations

Increasingly, software products development companies are attempting to make transition from traditional centralized local development to global development. This transition is taking place due to intense competition, availability of high quality and low cost software professionals in various countries, and advent of communication and information technologies to link the disperse groups. Due to a significant lack of research on the global software product (GSP) development organization, companies are commonly attempting to develop standardized software products by using an adhoc global project organization. In making transition from local development of software product to global development, developers are facing great difficulties in setting up an appropriate GSP development organization and executing GSP development. Most of the companies are not obtaining the expected benefits for their GSP development efforts and some of them are failing completely. The research was carried out by reviewing literature and conducting a multiple case study. This study introduces GSP development organization and identifies the key barriers that are encountered by the GSP development organization. The research will guide companies, who are involved in the development of GSP, to implement appropriate organizations, to avoid the challenges and to achieve the GSP development goals. This research also suggests some future research directions.
Low-density lipoprotein subfraction, carotid artery intima-media thickness, nitric oxide, and tumor necrosis factor alpha are associated with newly diagnosed ischemic stroke

Objectives: Small dense (sd) low-density lipoprotein (LDL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha (α), and nitric oxide (NO) have recently emerged as important stroke risk factors. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of increased levels of small LDL particle size, TNF-α and NO on the developed ischemic stroke and increased carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT). Materials and Methods: A total of 29 women and 25 men (a total of 54 ischemic stroke patients) and a similar age group of 50 controls (29 females and 21 males) were included in the study. CIMT, C-reactive protein (CRP), TNF-α, NO, and lipid subfraction test of the two groups were measured. Results: The mean LDL particle size was smaller in patients with stroke than in the controls (26.8 ± 0.31 nm vs. 27.0 ± 0.31 nm, P = 0.003). sd-LDL, TNF-α, NO, CRP, right CIMT, and left CIMT were higher in patients with stroke than in the controls (respectively; 8.2 ± 7.8 mg/dL vs. 3.3 ± 3.5 mg/dL, P < 0.001;75.6 ± 25.0 pg/mL vs. 65.4 ± 9.1 pg/mL, P = 0.009;76.4 ± 53.3 mmol/L vs. 41.5 ± 27.0 mmol/L, P < 0.001;1.9 ± 2.6 mm vs. 0.4 ± 0.3 mm P < 0.001;0.97 ± 0.38 mm vs. 0.83 ± 0.15 mm, P = 0.007;1.04 ± 0.44 mm vs. 0.87 ± 0.19 mm, P = 0.010). Conclusion: These results show that sd-LDL is independently associated with the incidence of stroke and may be a risk factor in the development of stroke. In addition, TNF-α, NO, right CIMT, and left CIMT may be a risk factor in the development of ischemic stroke.
Second Malignancy After Treatment of Pediatric Hodgkin Disease

Although treatment of pediatric Hodgkin disease has become highly effective over the past 40 years, a number of patients have developed concerning late effects, such as secondary malignancies. These cancers may occur years to decades after remission and arise in the breast, thyroid, gastrointestinal tract, lung, skin, urogenital tract, and brain. There is also an increased risk of leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Etiology and risk factors for each cancer type vary but often include certain chemotherapy agents and radiation dosages. Survivorship also varies but is often poor. The authors examined retrospective analyses of these secondary malignancies and present a summary of these findings. The information may allow clinicians to better monitor childhood Hodgkin disease survivors and reduce mortality.
Microbial inoculant influences the germination and growth of Albizia lebbeck seedlings in the nursery

Microbial inoculants (MI), a biofertilizer, composed of many different beneficial microorganisms has positive role on seed germination and growth of plants. In the present study, its efficacy on seed germination and seedling growth of Albizia lebbeck in the nursery was studied. The seeds were sown in polybags filled with a mixture of forest soil and cow dung (3:1) and treated with 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5% and 10% concentrations of MI. Most of the parameters studied (seed germination, shoot and root lengths, dry weights of shoot and root, collar diameter, leaf number etc) were found maximum in 2% of MI . Although the highest vigor index, volume index and quality index (7053, 3738 and 1.106, respectively) were found in 2% MI, but the highest sturdiness (65.95) was found in 1% MI solution. The nodule number was higher at a very low (0.5%) concentration of MI but it normally decreased with the increase of concentration. Total pigment content in leaf was recorded highest (112.86 mg.L-1) in 2% of MI. Therefore, MI influences seed germination and seedling growth of A. lebbeck and the low concentration (2%) of the inoculant can be recommended for getting maximum seed germination and seedling growth of the species studied. Banko Janakari A Journal of Forestry Information for Nepal Vol. 26, No. 1, Page: 82-89, 2016
Alexithymia in infertile women

Objective. Alexithymia was compared in women with fertility disorders and fertile women who have never been confronted with fertility problems. Method. Self-report instruments (TAS-20 and BVAQ) were used to measure alexithymia in a group of 73 infertile women and in a comparison group of 32 fertile women. Semi-structured interviews were used to assess medical history, current and lifetime diagnosis of psychiatric disorders. Results. Infertile women showed significantly higher rates of alexithymia than fertile women. The degree of alexithymia does not constitute a discriminating variable between unexplained infertile women and women with an organic aetiology of infertility. The prevalence of psychiatric diagnosis did not differ between the two groups of patients. Lifetime prevalence of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder were statistically comparable. Conclusion. This result raises the question of secondary alexithymia as a coping strategy in women with fertility troubles. Given the lack of published data on alexithymia in infertile women, there is a need to replicate our results and evaluate other aspects of affect regulation in infertile patients.
The low seropositivity of hepatitis B virus in vitiligo patients

M Gajic-Veljic,† MM Nikolic,†* M Bukilica,‡ B Bonaci-Nikolic§ Institutes of †Dermatovenereology, ‡Rheumatology, and §Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Clinical Centre, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro. *Corresponding author, Institute of Dermatovenereology, University Clinical Centre, Pasterova 2, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro, tel. +381 64 128 23 02; fax +381 11 68 2652; E-mail: mmnikolic@ptt.yu
EuskoParl: a speech and text Spanish-Basque parallel corpus

The advances in corpus-based approaches and machine learning techniques have promoted the development of minority languages. The contribution of this work is to acquire a parallel corpus in Spanish and Basque with both text and speech data. In order to be able to compare the systems with those developed for other languages, Europarl corpus was taken as a reference in both domain and size. The acquisition process, carried out within the Basque Parliament reports and speeches, involved subtle differences to that of Europarl acquisition. The resulting corpus is described and a few preliminary experiments on machine translation with Moses are reported.
Energy components of growth in Holstein steers fed formaldehyde- and formic acid-treated alfalfa or orchardgrass silages at equalized intakes of dry matter.

Energy retention was compared in Holstein steers fed either alfalfa or orchardgrass silages for 164 d at either 65 or 90 g DM/kg.75 BW daily in a 2 x 2 factorial. Energy retention was estimated by slaughter-balance using an initial kill of eight steers at 216 kg and a final kill of eight steers per treatment at 326 kg. The ADG was not affected (P greater than .05) by silage, but steers fed alfalfa gained less (P less than .001) gut fill (they lost gut fill) and gained more (P less than .001) of the following than steers fed orchardgrass: empty body, 23%; fat, 50%; fat-free matter, 18%; protein, 16%; water, 17%; ash, 43%; gross energy, 31%; and carbon, 38%. With retained energy at 1.15 Mcal/d, retained energy was equally distributed between fat and protein. Increments of daily retained energy greater than 1.15 Mcal were deposited as 76% to fat and 24% to protein; this distribution was not affected by silage. The energy requirement for maintenance, with BW adjusted to equal gut fill, was not different (P greater than .05) at 130 kcal ME/kg.75 BW for steers fed alfalfa vs 125 for steers fed orchardgrass. Although not significant (P greater than .05), retained energy/ME intake above maintenance was 13% greater for steers fed alfalfa (.261) than for steers fed orchardgrass (.230), which supports the difference observed by calorimetry. The difference in dietary protein (25.6 vs 20.5%) did not contribute to the difference in energy retention because the differences in fat and protein retention could be explained totally by differences in daily energy deposition. The higher NDF of orchardgrass, or other fiber components, seems to be the most probable cause of its somewhat lower partial energetic efficiency relative to alfalfa.
Does being religious lead to greater self-forgiveness?

ABSTRACT Although the existence of an association between religion and self-forgiveness is well documented, the direction of effects and possible causal nature of the relationship is unknown. Two studies were therefore conducted using longitudinal and experimental designs, respectively. Study 1 (n = 393) examined the temporal relation between self-forgiveness and two indices of religion, religious activity and forgiveness by God. For both indices of religion, the effect from earlier religion to later self-forgiveness was significant but the reverse was not the case. In Study 2 participants (n = 91) were randomly primed with images that depicted an angry God, a benevolent God, or non-religious (abstract art) images before completing a measure of self-forgiveness. Respondents in the angry God condition were least self-forgiving and differed significantly from those in the non-religious (abstract art) condition who were most self-forgiving. These findings point to the need for investigation of mechanisms that might account for a potential causal relation between religion and self-forgiveness.
Management of acceptable use of computing facilities in the public library: avoiding a panoptic gaze?

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the language utilised in Acceptable Use Policies (AUP) in Scottish public libraries. Through this examination the paper aims to ascertain if power relationships between local authorities, public libraries and users are apparent. Finally, the paper aims to determine if Foucault’s theory of panopticism is relevant to public libraries in this context. Design/methodology/approach – The paper analyses all 32 of the AUPs used in Scottish public libraries, applying a Foucaldian discourse analysis to the content of the policies. Findings – By thorough examination of the literature the researchers were able to extract ten key features that ought to appear in an AUP. It was found that only one of 32 local authorities included information relating to all of these features. It was also found that one local authority contained as few as four of these key features. The median number of features included in the policies was seven. It was also found that power relatio.
Molecular Basis of 1,6-Anhydro Bond Cleavage and Phosphoryl Transfer by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1,6-Anhydro-N-acetylmuramic Acid Kinase*

Anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid kinase (AnmK) catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of the Gram-negative peptidoglycan (PG) recycling intermediate 1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid (anhMurNAc) to N-acetylmuramic acid-6-phosphate (MurNAc-6-P). Here we present crystal structures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AnmK in complex with its natural substrate, anhMurNAc, and a product of the reaction, ADP. AnmK is homodimeric, with each subunit comprised of two subdomains that are separated by a deep active site cleft, which bears similarity to the ATPase core of proteins belonging to the hexokinase-hsp70-actin superfamily of proteins. The conversion of anhMurNAc to MurNAc-6-P involves both cleavage of the 1,6-anhydro ring of anhMurNAc along with addition of a phosphoryl group to O6 of the sugar, and thus represents an unusual enzymatic mechanism involving the formal addition of H3PO4 to anhMurNAc. The structural complexes and NMR analysis of the reaction suggest that a water molecule, activated by Asp-182, attacks the anomeric carbon of anhMurNAc, aiding cleavage of the 1,6-anhydro bond and facilitating the capture of the γ phosphate of ATP by O6 via an in-line phosphoryl transfer. AnmK is active only against anhMurNAc and not the metabolically related 1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramyl peptides, suggesting that the cytosolic N-acetyl-anhydromuramyl-l-alanine amidase AmpD must first remove the stem peptide from these PG muropeptide catabolites before anhMurNAc can be acted upon by AnmK. Our studies provide the foundation for a mechanistic model for the dual activities of AnmK as a hydrolase and a kinase of an unusual heterocyclic monosaccharide.
Pediatricians' perceptions and practices regarding prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE To assess pediatricians' perceptions and practices regarding the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents in a cross-sectional study. DESIGN A 3-wave mailing of a questionnaire to 550 pediatricians. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and logistic regression were used for data analyses. SETTING A national random sample of pediatricians who work in private practice, hospital settings, and/or clinics. RESULTS Every 1 in 9 respondents referred their patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for exercise, while most pediatricians referred their patients for dietary interventions (62.3%) and educational services (62.6%). Pediatricians who were confident during counseling and follow-up were significantly (P =.02) more likely than pediatricians who were less confident to refer their patients for exercise, dietary interventions, and educational services. Of the respondents, 15.3% perceived they were well prepared to counsel and provide follow-up to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The leading perceived barriers to counseling and follow-up were inadequate time for counseling, poor adherence of patients, lack of family support, lack of familiarity of clinical practice recommendations, and lack of health care insurance coverage. CONCLUSIONS Pediatricians who had a higher perceived confidence level and who perceived they were better prepared for the counseling and follow-up of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had a greater potential to positively affect their diabetic patients. Improving continuing medical education and residency-based programs is imperative to adequately address the emerging epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents.
Genes encoded in the major histocompatibility complex affecting the generation of peptides for TAP transport

The B cell line 721.174 has lost the ability to present intracellular antigens to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I‐restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). This phenotype results from a homozygous deletion in the MHC that includes the peptide transporter genes TAP1 and TAP2, and the proteasome subunits LMP2 and LMP7. Recent work has shown that such cells transfected with TAP genes load their class I molecules with endogenous peptides, and present several viral epitopes to class I‐restricted CTL. These data implied that the LMP2 and LMP7 genes were not required for the presentation of most epitopes through class I molecules. By contrast, while confirming the previous reports, we have identified several epitopes that appear to require genes in the MHC in addition to the TAP for their presentation. Further analysis localizes the defect to proteolysis in the cytosol. In one case, presentation could be partially restored by re‐expression of full‐length LMP7. Control experiments with LMP7, from which the putative pro‐region had been removed, failed to restore presentation, and this lack of effect correlated with failure of the shortened LMP7 to incorporate into the proteasome. These results suggest a role for LMP7 in the generation of a viral epitope, but leave open the possibility that additional genes within the . 174 deletion are required for full restoration of antigen presentation.
Nutcracker Syndrome in Children With Orthostatic Proteinuria

Objective. To evaluate the Doppler sonographic findings of the left renal vein in children with orthostatic proteinuria in comparison with healthy children and to propose more reliable sonographic criteria for diagnosing nutcracker syndrome in children. Methods. Doppler sonographic findings in 47 children with orthostatic proteinuria and in 27 healthy control subjects were compared. The diagnosis of orthostatic proteinuria was made on the basis of clinical and laboratory findings. The peak velocity and anteroposterior diameter were measured at the hilar and aortomesenteric portions of the left renal vein. The means ± 2 SD of the anteroposterior diameter ratio and peak velocity ratio between the 2 portions were calculated for control subjects and used as the cutoff levels for nutcracker syndrome. Results. The peak velocity ratios between aortomesenteric and hilar portions were 5.21 ± 2.55 in the patient group and 2.57 ± 0.70 in the control group. The anteroposterior diameter ratios between the 2 portions were 5.31 ± 2.65 in the patient group and 2.77 ± 0.69 in the control group. We set the cutoff level of anteroposterior diameter and peak velocity ratios for the diagnosis of nutcracker syndrome at mean ± 2 SD of the value for the control group (3.98 for the peak velocity ratio and 4.16 for the anteroposterior diameter ratio). When these cutoff levels were applied, the patients with orthostatic proteinuria had abnormal levels of anteroposterior diameter in 27 (57.4 %) of 47, peak velocity in 30 (63.8%) of 47, and both in 23 (48.9%) of 47. Conclusions. Nutcracker syndrome may be an important cause of orthostatic proteinuria in children. Doppler sonography of the left renal vein may be a useful screening tool in patients with suspected orthostatic proteinuria to evaluate whether the cause is nutcracker syndrome.
An atomically quantized hierarchy of shear transformation zones in a metallic glass

Quasistatic measurements of room-temperature anelastic relaxation were used to characterize the properties of shear transformation zones (STZs) in amorphous Al_(86.8)Ni_(3.7)Y_(9.5) in the dilute limit. Using a combination of nanoindenter cantilever bending and mandrel bend relaxation techniques, anelastic relaxation was measured over times ranging from 1 s to 3 × 10^7 s. Direct spectrum analysis yields relaxation-time spectra, which display seven distinct peaks. The results were analyzed using a linear dashpot-and-spring model, combined with transition-state theory, to yield several STZ properties. These reveal a quantized hierarchy of STZs that differ from each other by one atomic volume. Potential STZs occupy a large volume fraction of the solid. They access their ergodic space, with the ratio of forward-to backward jump rates ranging from 1.03 to 4.3 for the range of stress values used.
The Impact of Bispectral Index Monitoring on Sedation Administration in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

The aim of this prospective randomised controlled trial was to assess the effectiveness of the Bispectral Index (BIS) monitor in supporting clinical sedation management decisions in mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients. Fifty adult mechanically ventilated surgical and general intensive care unit patients receiving sedative infusions of morphine and midazolam were randomly allocated to receive BIS monitoring (n=25) or standard sedation management (n=25). In the BIS group, sedation was titrated to maintain a BIS value of greater than 70. In the standard management group, sedative needs were titrated based on subjective assessment and clinical signs. There was no statistically significant difference in the amount of sedation administered (morphine P =0.67 and midazolam P =0.85). However, there was a statistically significant difference in sedation administration over time. Patients in the BIS group received increasing amounts of sedation over time whilst those in the control group received decreasing amounts of sedation over time. The same inverse relationship existed for both sedative agents (morphine P=0.005, midazolam P=0.03). Duration of mechanical ventilation was comparable in the two groups. We conclude that the use of BIS monitoring did not reduce the amount of sedation used, the length of mechanical ventilation time or the length of ICU stay.