Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Financing buyer–supplier dyads: an empirical analysis on financial collaboration in the supply chain

Awareness of capital commitment in the context of supply management has increased tremendously in recent years. However, researchers often only consider the intra-organisational perspective of financing. Consequently, a great optimisation potential, especially in globally dispersed supply chains, remains unlocked. To address this research gap, this paper presents a conceptual research model with hypotheses derived from principal–agent theory to explain the role of collaboration in the context of financing a buyer–supplier dyad and its effect on the resulting financing performance. A cross-industry survey yielding 145 responses was used to empirically test the hypotheses. The results indicate that both strategy alignment between purchasing and finance departments (intra-firm financial collaboration) as well as in the buyer–supplier dyad (inter-organisational financial collaboration) have a significant positive effect on the overall financing performance. These findings provide researchers and practitioners with a clearer understanding of upstream-oriented supply chain finance and the possibilities and constraints in its implementation.
“Exchange Rate Pass - Through Elasticities in Final and Intermediate Goods: The Case of Turkey”

A distinctive feature of present globalization is fragmentation of production. The recent developments in transportation and communication technologies led to a surge in intermediate goods trade. However, intermediate goods trade is often neglected in the empirical studies of the exchange rate pass-through. Using import unit values, this study examines the pass-through of exchange rate changes into both aggregated and disaggregated imported final and intermediate goods prices of Turkey for the period of 1989.q1 to 1996.q4. Empirically, Turkey's pass-through is quite rapid. The short-run and long-run elasticities for both final and intermediate goods suggest that complete pass-through is more relevant for Turkey at both aggregated and disaggregated level. In addition, the estimated pass-through elasticities considerably vary across countries and industries. Finally, intermediate goods have relatively higher pass -through rates than final goods.
Quality of Life Improvement after Surgery for Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis (DIE)

Endometriosis is categorized as one of the chronic benign gynecologic diseases, which causes pelvic pain and infertility, affecting almost 10% of reproductive-age women. Deeply infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is a specific entity of endometriosis, responsible for painful symptoms, which are related to the anatomic location of the lesions. In this paper, we aim to review the current literature regarding the post-surgery quality of life improvement for DIE. Irrespective of its low sensitivity and specificity, vaginal examination and evaluation of specific symptoms should be emphasized as a basic diagnostic tool in detecting endometriosis. This will help in planning further DIE related therapeutic interventions. Out of several, transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) has been reported as one of the widely used and excellent tools to diagnose DIE lesions in different locations (rectovaginal septum, retrocervical and paracervical areas, rectum and sigmoid and vesical wall).
Compliance of AAOIFI Guidelines in General Presentation and Disclosure in the Financial Statements of Islamic Banks in Bangladesh

Islamic banking companies in Bangladesh mandatorily required following different rules, regulations, ordinance, guidelines in accounting and reporting practices but AAOIFI standards are not mandatory for them. But as Islamic organizations, they are supposed to comply with AAOIFI standards. The objective of this study is to reveal the level of Compliance of AAOIFI (Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions)guidelines regarding General Presentation and Disclosure in the Financial Statements of Islamic Banks listed in Bangladesh. The study considered the annual report of 7 listed Islamic banking companies of 2011. The study found that these banks comply on an average 44.68 percent (90.71 items of 203) of AAOIFI Guidelines regarding General Presentation and Disclosure in the Financial Statements. Standard deviation of total compliance score is 3.14 indicate that there is very poor difference among the Islamic banks in this regard. The study recommended increasing the level of compliance to make their report more informative and to inform their stakeholder that they are doing their business complying the rules and regulation of regulatory bodies.
Seeking Resiliency in the Development of Sustainable Communities

Achieving community sustainability requires understanding connected economic, social, and environmental consequences of actions that support informed choices allowing people to lead healthy, productive, and enjoyable lives, now and in the future. Designing successful sustainable development strategies reveals a tight connection between resilience, diversity, and long-lasting stability of social-ecological systems. Dauphin Island (AL) wanted to secure a resilient and sustainable future after experiencing destruction from two hurricanes. During 10 months of a transparent, all-inclusive public consultation process, culminating in a community initiated, driven, and concluded strategic plan, stakeholders designed a program of consensus-building and policy-making toward a more sustainable community with a resilient future. Facilitated stakeholder groups used the Community Capitals Framework to evaluate how various issues historically played important roles in community development. A “spiraling capital assets” model was employed to define points of decline and potential strategic improvement milestones. Resulting plans included shifting the tax base from reliance on expensive rental home lodging and property taxes to growing a more diverse, small business community emphasizing cultural heritage. As an outcome of the planning processes stakeholders examined all community assets (environmental, cultural, historic, etc.) they possessed to determine leverage points for reversing rural economic leakage patterns and promoting new local forms of valueadded economic development that protected environmental resources.
Complete Sequencing and Diversity Analysis of the Enterotoxin-Encoding Plasmids in Clostridium perfringens Type A Non-Food-Borne Human Gastrointestinal Disease Isolates

ABSTRACT Enterotoxin-producing Clostridium perfringens type A isolates are an important cause of food poisoning and non-food-borne human gastrointestinal diseases, e.g., sporadic diarrhea (SPOR) and antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). The enterotoxin gene (cpe) is usually chromosomal in food poisoning isolates but plasmid-borne in AAD/SPOR isolates. Previous studies determined that type A SPOR isolate F5603 has a plasmid (pCPF5603) carrying cpe, IS1151, and the beta2 toxin gene (cpb2), while type A SPOR isolate F4969 has a plasmid (pCPF4969) lacking cpb2 and IS1151 but carrying cpe and IS1470-like sequences. By completely sequencing these two cpe plasmids, the current study identified pCPF5603 as a 75.3-kb plasmid carrying 73 open reading frames (ORFs) and pCPF4969 as a 70.5-kb plasmid carrying 62 ORFs. These plasmids share an ∼35-kb conserved region that potentially encodes virulence factors and carries ORFs found on the conjugative transposon Tn916. The 34.5-kb pCPF4969 variable region contains ORFs that putatively encode two bacteriocins and a two-component regulator similar to VirR/VirS, while the ∼43.6-kb pCPF5603 variable region contains a functional cpb2 gene and several metabolic genes. Diversity studies indicated that other type A plasmid cpe+/IS1151 SPOR/AAD isolates carry a pCPF5603-like plasmid, while other type A plasmid cpe+/IS1470-like SPOR/AAD isolates carry a pCPF4969-like plasmid. Tn916-related ORFs similar to those in pCPF4969 (known to transfer conjugatively) were detected in the cpe plasmids of other type A SPOR/AAD isolates, as well as in representative C. perfringens type B to D isolates carrying other virulence plasmids, possibly suggesting that most or all C. perfringens virulence plasmids transfer conjugatively.
Electronic healthcare: a study of people's readiness and attitude toward performing self‐diagnosis

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the introduction of self‐service technology (SST) in health diagnosis as a means to reduce costs and improve quality in the health care sector – at the same time.Design/methodology/approach – A survey with an internet‐based medical self‐diagnosis application as the focal technology is conducted. The research hypotheses are tested by using a scenario and questionnaire approach, in which respondents prior to responding read a scenario.Findings – To test the hypotheses, structural equation modeling using LISREL was performed. It was found that the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for users, described according to the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) as pioneers, has a very good ability to predict future behavioral intent. TAM has an excellent capability to predict future behavioral intent of this new application in this new context, i.e. health care services.Research limitations/implications – The paper only tests TAM for a given population described as pion.
Inhibition difficulties in preterm children: Developmental delay or persistent deficit?

ABSTRACT Among executive functions (EFs), research has highlighted specific inhibition difficulties in preterm children. The present paper reviews and classifies the studies that assessed response inhibition and interference control abilities in preterm children and adolescents aged 3 to 16 years. Most behavioral studies agree on a developmental delay at early school age in inhibition abilities and a catch-up before adolescence, with lesser response inhibition difficulties at pre-adolescence. However, persisting interference control difficulties have been reported into early adulthood. These results are discussed, along with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) findings. Finally, this paper outlines methodological issues that need to be overcome in order to define the developmental trajectory of inhibition abilities in the preterm population.
Parity-Specific and two-sex utility models of reproductive intentions

This paper uses married couples’ anticipated consequences of having a (another) child to predict their reproductive intentions. Parity-specific models identify different variables as predictors of reproductive behavior at different parities but do not yield interpretable patterns of difference by parity. Parity-specific models are not significantly stronger predictors of reproductive behavior. Generally, wife-only models are distinctly superior to husband-only models. Two-sex models are usually better predictors than one-sex models but not enough better to justify the additional cost.
ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATION, STRATEGIC CHANGE AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: A STUDY OF RAILROAD DEREGULATION

Concepts from the literature on the relationship between environmental variation and strategic change are used to analyze the effects of deregulation on strategic management in the railroad industry. Specific hypotheses are presented about the impact of regulation and change in regulation on strategy, strategic change and performance. A survey of experts identified the strategies of 27 railroads prior to and after deregulation. Five different railroad strategies and five different kinds of strategic changes are identified and described. Results suggest that most firms changed their strategies in response to environmental variation, and that those that did change their strategics out‐performed those that did not. Among the strategic changes, those involving innovation and contingency strategies were found to be the most profitable. Other empirical results are presented and discussed.
Characterization of hepatitis B virus major surface antigen gene transcriptional regulatory elements in differentiated hepatoma cell lines

The regulatory DNA sequence elements that control the expression of the hepatitis B virus major surface antigen gene in the hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2 were analyzed by using transient transfection assays. In this system, the hepatitis B virus enhancer increases transcription from the surface antigen promoter approximately twofold. The promoter elements regulating the expression of this gene are within a 200-nucleotide sequence located immediately upstream of the transcription initiation sites. The promoter consists of an 85-nucleotide distal element which increases transcription from the surface antigen gene by two- to fourfold and a proximal element of approximately 115 nucleotides which is essential for transcriptional activity. The proximal and distal promoter elements were shown to bind factors present in HepG2 nuclear extracts, which is consistent with the regulatory role demonstrated for these sequences. The regulatory role of these promoter sequences in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines PLC/PRF/5 and Hep3B was also demonstrated, indicating similar transcriptional regulation of the surface antigen gene in each of these differentiated hepatoma cell lines.
The Classification Problem with Semantically Heterogeneous Data

Given a database fed by two alternative data sources using a common but not identical classification criterion, if we are able to state precisely the semantical connection between the two classification systems, we can derive new and more detailed summary data. Therefore, the question whether an aggregate information is derivable or not, is fundamental to a query-processing system. We state a necessary and sufficient condition which leads to a simple procedure for deciding the answerability of a summary query and evaluating it, if answerable. Surprisingly, the condition of derivability is independent of the database instance and is dependent only on the topological properties of the graph modelling the semantical connection of the classification systems adopted.
Leveraging foreign institutional logic in the adoption of stock option pay among Japanese firms

Research summary: We investigate why Japanese firms have adopted executive stock option pay, which was developed with shareholder-oriented institutional logic that was inconsistent with Japanese stakeholder-oriented institutional logic. We argue that Japanese managers have self-serving incentives to leverage stock ownership of foreign investors and their associated institutional logic to legitimize the adoption of stock option pay. Our empirical analyses with a large sample of Japanese firms between 1997 and 2007 show that when managers have elite education, high pay inequality with ordinary employees, and when firms experience poor sales growth, foreign ownership is more likely associated with the adoption of stock option pay. The study shows the active role of managers in facilitating the diffusion of a new governance practice embodying new institutional logic. Managerial summary: Why have Japanese firms adopted stock option pay for executives? Inconsistent with Japanese stakeholder-oriented tradition in corporate governance, such pay has been believed to prioritize managerial attention to the interests of shareholders over those of other stakeholders. However, to the extent that shareholders' interests are legitimate in the Japanese context, executives who have self-serving incentives to adopt such pay can leverage the need to look after shareholders' interest in their firms to legitimize their decisions. In a large sample of Japanese firms, we find that foreign ownership (representing shareholders' interests) is more likely to be associated with the adoption of stock option pay when managers are motivated to receive such pay, such as when they have elite education, high pay inequality with ordinary employees, or poor sales growth. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Emergent vikings: the social ordering of tourism innovation

During the last three decades, Iceland has experienced a rapid growth of tourism, both in regard to international tourist arrivals and in domestic terms. Tourism has increasingly been taken up as an option for economic development not least at regional levels where innovation in the area has been promoted by public actors. This article focuses on the accomplishment of a particular tourism innovation project, the Gisla Saga project, in the small fishing village of Pingeyri. The article follows how the project emerges through the networking practices of key actors. Particular emphasis is put on exploring how the local village festival, Dýrafjaroardagar, has been related to the innovation project and how that connection plays a part for its accomplishment. Inspired by relational materialism in the form of Actor-Network Theory, the article argues that it is important to follow the enactment of diverse styles of ordering for gaining insight into the emergent cultural economy of tourism. By tracing the practices through which the project is established, the article illustrates some of the ways in wich tourism innovation relates to the social ordering of local communities.
Constraints in Management of Dairy Micro Enterprises Faced by Women Entrepreneurs of Andhra Pradesh

A study on Dairy micro enterprise management among women entrepreneurs of Andhrapardesh is initiated to understand problems and challenges that emerge in women entrepreneurship. A study was conducted in the state of Andhra Pradesh by selecting three districts (Visakhapatnam, West Godawari and Rangareddy) purposively. Among three districts 18 villages were selected randomly. From the selected villages 120 dairy micro-enterprises were selected, from each enterprise the owner of the enterprise was selected as the respondent for the study. The present study observes that majority of the women entrepreneurs (80%) expressed bad marketing facilities as major problem followed by Lack of consultancy and counseling services (67.50%) and Competition with other microenterprises for limited local markets (66.66%).
Introduction to this issue: the neuroscience and psychology of moral decision making and the law.

On June 12, 2008, in Mumbai, India, a judge convicted Aditi Sharma of murder based in part on results of the Bain Electrical Oscillations Signature test (BEOS). This technology involves electroencephalography and software developed by Chanpadi Raman Mukundan, who directed psychology at the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences in Bangalore, India. Mukandan’s BEOS technique was based uponmethods developed at U.S. universities by neuroscientists such as Emanuel Danchin, Lawrence A. Farwell and J. Peter Rosenfeld. Ms. Sharma, who was accused of killing her former fiance, agreed to undergo the BEOS test. With the electroencephalography in progress, investigators read aloud her account of what happened interspersed with neutral statements. In relating EEG changes to statements read and heard by Ms. Sharma, it was inferred that she had ‘‘experienced knowledge’’ of the murder. Judge S. S-Phansalker-Joshi provided within his opinion an extensive apologia of the BEOS technique and its value in corroborating other sources (Giridharadas, 2008). If such a relatively untested brain mapping technique can be admitted into evidence and used for criminal conviction in the world’s largest democracy, what next? This one case illustrates the topical importance of examining forensic applications of neuroscientific findings, and their strengths and limitations both as scientific advancements and in terms of reliability and relevance to legal questions such as those concerning criminal responsibility. Fundamental for criminal responsibility are intentionality, rationality, self-control and consciousness. The formation and implementation of intent, which is the core function of the human will (Felthous, 2008), relies on the capacities for rationality, selfcontrol and consciousness. Voluntariness, too, is often considered an element of criminal responsibility even if not explicitly stated in the federal penal code and several state penal codes (Denno, 2002). Like consciousness, voluntariness is defined variously, and some statutes using the term do not define it. Two common interpretations of the descriptor ‘‘voluntary’’ are ‘‘1. Done by design or intention ‘voluntary act’ [and] 2. Unconstrained by interference; not impelled by outside influence ‘voluntary statement’’’ (Garner, 1999). Thus, voluntary can mean done with intent, self-control and/or free of external control, but, Denno (2002) argues, done consciously. Behavioral Sciences and the Law Behav. Sci. Law 27: 119–121 (2009) Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/bsl.858
Gender inequality, structural transformation and growth : the case of Morocco

This paper investigates the extent to which the persistence of gender inequality might have constrained growth and productivity in Morocco. It does so through an overview of the recent (2000-2011) growth performance and the analysis of the structure of female employment over the last decade. The paper does not attempt to show the link between female employment, gender inequality and growth as this has been already treated extensively in the empirical literature. This analysis builds instead on the assumption, put forth in the theoretical and empirical literature, that gender disparities and related occupational and market segmentations hamper productivity and growth. By analyzing the structure of female employment over time and sectoral labor productivity data we examine whether employment opportunities for women are concentrated in sectors where labor productivity (and hence the wage rate) is low or not growing and the reasons that might be behind these outcomes. This is an important question from not only the welfare perspective, but also from the point of view of economic efficiency. Evidence that women are working in low return sectors signals the existence of mobility barriers which prevent them from moving to higher return sectors.
Comfort your online customer: quality, trust and loyalty on the internet

In e‐commerce, loyal customers are considered extremely valuable. Loyalty is generally attributed to satisfaction with the quality of service. Since online transactions involve many uncertainties for the customer, trust is a condition for exchange. Trust in the electronic medium – here called “e‐trust” – is believed to increase online customer loyalty, but empirical confirmations are scarce. The present study empirically investigates the roles of service quality, satisfaction and trust in an e‐commerce context. In the study, e‐trust is found to directly affect loyalty. The e‐service quality dimension of assurance, i.e. trusting the merchant, influences loyalty via e‐trust and e‐satisfaction. Other e‐quality dimensions, such as ease of use, e‐scape, responsiveness, and customization influence e‐loyalty mainly indirectly, via satisfaction. Managerial implications and suggestions for further research are provided.