Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ownership Structure and Bank Risk-Taking: Empirical Evidence from the Middle East and North Africa

This paper examines the impact of bank ownership structure on bank risk-taking. It used balance sheet information for around 72 commercial banks from 10 Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries from 2000 to 2010. The main results emerged. After controlling for bank characteristics and country effects, we find that concentrated ownership structure is associated with an increase in bank risk-taking. Further, foreign-owned banks are more risked than Domestic-owned banks; however, Government-owned banks are more stable. For listed banks family ownership has positive impact on credit risk. So, family owners impose riskiest strategies when they hold higher stakes. For unlisted banks the effect of family and institutional ownership on risk is negative. Finally we conclude that the effect of owners identity on bank risk-taking depends on the fact that bank is listed or unlisted.
Aggregation, Capital Heterogeneity, and the Investment CAPM

A detailed treatment of aggregation and capital heterogeneity substantially improves the performance of the investment CAPM. Firm-level predicted returns are constructed from firm-level accounting variables and aggregated to the portfolio level to match with portfolio-level stock returns. Working capital forms a separate productive input besides physical capital. The model simultaneously fits the value, momentum, investment, and profitability premiums and partially explains positive stock-fundamental return correlations, the procyclical and short-term dynamics of the momentum and profitability premiums, and the countercyclical and long-term dynamics of the value and investment premiums. However, the model falls short in explaining momentum crashes. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Appendix for The Gravity of Knowledge

This appendix provindes theoretical and empirical results that take a number of important steps beyond the analysis in the main text. In section 1 we discuss the generality of our model, in particular the assumptions that the costs of disembodied knowledge transfer does not vary with geography and that trade costs do not vary with knowledge intensity. Section 2 lays out an extension of the model to include fixed costs of knowledge transfer, while details on the data are given in section 3. The robustness of our micro-level estimation results is examined along several dimensions in the following section 4. Section 5 provides more details on the steps taken in the quantification of the model. Finally, in section 6 we corroborate the finding on the knowledge intensity of trade as presented in Figure 1 in the paper.
Aerodynamic properties of lentil seeds

Abstract Aerodynamic properties of solid materials have long been used to convey and separate seeds and grains during post-harvest operations. The objective of this study was evaluation of the aerodynamic properties of green and red lentil seeds as a function of moisture content from 10 to 25% (w.b.). The results showed that as the moisture content increased from 10 to 25%, the terminal velocity of seeds increased, following a linear relationship, from 6.90 to 9.14 and from 6.37 to 7.67 m s−1 for green and red lentil seeds, respectively. Seeds of the green variety had terminal velocities with a mean value of 7.89 m s−1, while the red variety had a mean value of 7.02 m s−1, for moisture content from 10 to 25%. The Reynolds number increased linearly from 2 310.90 to 3 269.23 and from 1 215.02 to 1 535.09 for green and red lentil seeds, respectively, with the increase of seeds moisture content from 10 to 25%. While, drag coefficient decreased from 0.69 to 0.40 and from 0.84 to 0.69 for green and red lentil seeds, respectively, with the increase of moisture content. Mathematical relationships were developed to relate the change in seeds moisture content with the values of aerodynamic properties obtained. The analysis of variance showed that the effect of moisture content on all aerodynamic properties of lentil beans was significant at the 1% probability level.
Development of Assessment Instrument Android-Based Students’ Interest In Learning Mathematics SMP With CPS Model

Information about students’ interest in learning mathematic SMP as a consideration when conducting managerial evaluations which is required by the teacher, and there is no standard assessment instrument. The purpose of the study is to produce guide book of the teacher and application on android phones about an assessment instrument of students' interest based on Android on mathematics learning at junior high school CPS model with a valid, consistent, reliable and practical. The data obtained at SMP N 4 Pemalang with research subject 128 students and 7 mathematics teacher. The instrument data collector in the interview guidelines, expert validaty sheet, and questionnaires. The study used a research and development. The development model modifies the 4-D model by Thiagarajan et al. Analysis of data using triangulation sources, validity, internal consistency, reability, and confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the study showed from examine the expert team, 35 item early instrument worthy trialled. The result of 1) 32 item valid, and consistent; 2) The number of component had four factors; 3) The total of variant percentage of interest to be explained by four factors amounted to 60.016%; 4) The reliability coefficient is 0.965. The result of practicality number of instrument for teachers is 95.429 with very practical interpretations. The result of practicality number of instrument for students is 97.1 with very practical interpretations. From the result data analysis, it can be concluded that an instrument for assessing the interest of android-based student in learning mathematics for Junior High School with a Creative Problem Solving model has been valid, consistent, reliable, and practical. Product result are expected to be able to assess students’ interest.
Abundance of Soil Mites (Arachnida: Acari) in a Natural Soil of Central Argentina

general trend of the greatest mite abundance occurring in spring and summer and the lowest in winter. These findings are compared with the results from other studies, and their ecological implications are discussed. This study provides important information on soil mite populations in natural soils and indicates that such natural soil refuges adjacent to cultivated soils can provide baseline data for studies of bioindicators of soil quality. http://zoolstud.sinica. edu.tw/Journals/44.4/505.pdf
Self-standing graphene sheets prepared with chemical vapor deposition and chemical etching

On a Ni (111) surface, a single-layer graphene sheet with a 1 × 1 atomic structure grew up in epitaxial way. Chemical etching the substrate made it possible to separate macroscopic self-standing sheets of graphene a few tenth mm in size, which were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2009. 837]
Numerical simulation of the LAGEOS thermal behavior and thermal accelerations

The temperature distribution throughout the LAGEOS satellites is simulated numerically with the objective to determine the resulting thermal force. The different elements and materials comprising the spacecraft, with their energy transfer, have been modeled with unprecedented detail. The radiation inputs on the satellites are direct solar (eclipse modulated), Earth albedo, and Earth infrared radiations. For each satellite the lifetime temperature (behavior) of 2133 nodes is computed. On the basis of this distribution, individual forces and the net instantaneous accelerations are obtained. Simulations yield typical temperature variations ranging between 30 and 100 K for different elements and materials, whereas the net instantaneous accelerations are on the order of 70 pm s? 2, in good agreement with previous results. Simulations also show the importance of the consideration of a proper orientation of the satellite: LOSSAM yields acceleration differences of up to three times the acceleration obtained with a constant spin axis orientation. The temperature of the four germanium retroreflectors deviates up to 70 and 100 K with respect to their silica counterparts for LAGEOS I and II, respectively. This generates thermal acceleration differences of several pm s? 2, up to 25% of the postulated difference in reflectivity between hemispheres. Two factors play a major role: the spin rate and the Sun aspect angle with respect to the spin axis. On the basis of the latter, two characteristic periods can be distinguished: a rapid spin, slow drift period (until 13 and 8 years after launch for LAGEOS I and II, respectively) and a slow spin, rapid wobbling afterward. The acceleration results will be used in a refined orbit computation in a subsequent investigation.
An X-ray underluminous cluster of galaxies in the 4Ms CDFS observations

[Abridged] We use the large public spectroscopic database available in the GOODS-South field to estimate the dynamical mass and the virialization status of cluster ClG 0332-2747 at z=0.734. Cluster members selected from their photometric redshift are used with spectroscopic ones to analyse the galaxy population of the cluster. In the newly released Chandra 4Ms observations we detect a faint extended X-ray emission associated to the cluster. Finally, we compare the optical and X-ray properties of ClG 0332-2747 with the predictions of a well tested semianalytic model. We estimate the velocity dispersion and the virial mass considering all 44 spectroscopic members, or 20 red-sequence members only. We obtain sigma_v=634 +/- 105 Km/s, M_200=3.07 ^{+1.57}_{-1.16}~10^{14} M_sun in the former case, and slightly lower values in the latter case. The cluster appears to have reached the virial equilibrium: it shows a perfectly Gaussian velocity distribution and no evidence for substructures. ClG 0332-2747 contains a high fraction of bright red galaxies, and is dominated by a very massive (1.1 x 10^{12} M_sun) old brightest cluster galaxy (BCG), suggesting that it formed at an early epoch. We detect a faint extended X-ray source centered on the BCG, with a total X-ray luminosity of L_X ~ 2 x 10^{42} erg s^-1 (0.1-2.4 keV). This L_X is lower by a factor of ~10-20 than expected according to the M-L_X relation. We provide a possible explanation of this discrepancy as due to the effects of AGN feedback on the ICM: the semianalytic model reproduces the M-L_X relation measured from "X-ray bright" clusters, and it predicts a high scatter at low masses due to heating and expulsion of the cluster gas. Interestingly, in the model clusters with an evolved galaxy population like ClG 0332-2747 present the largest scatter in X-ray luminosity.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Snyder's Theory-Based Group Hope Therapy to Improve Self-Efficacy of University Students in Finance

Self-efficacy as a motivating factor leads to increased academic performance and stress reduction. Therefore, training to improve academic self-efficacy can have a significant effect on students' academic achievement and progress of educational system. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the Snyder's theory-based group hope therapy on academic self-efficacy beliefs and hope in freshman students. In total, 45 freshman students were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups: intervention group and control group. Academic self-efficacy belief was measured with the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, and hope was assessed with the Snyder Hope Scale (SHS). Measurements were assessed before intervention, end of intervention, and at a 2-month follow-up. The sample showed an academic self-efficacy beliefs score of 23.9% at baseline. Freshman students in the intervention group showed significant improvements in their academic self-efficacy beliefs and hope at end of intervention and follow-up, but no in the control group. Students with low self-efficacy benefitted from the intervention. The results of our intervention indicate a significant positive effect on academic self-efficacy beliefs and hope in freshman students, who benefitted from the Snyder's theory-based group hope therapy. Early self-efficacy detection is therefore crucial in the treatment and care of freshman students, and hope approaches can help to achieve academic achievement during the university period.
Emotional Intelligence and its Relation with Instructional Achievement of Tafilah Technical University Students

The present study aimed at revealing the relationship between the Emotional Intelligence and academic achievement of Tafila Technical University students. The sample of the study consisted of (210) students; of which there are (100) male students and (110) female students, who were chosen from different specializations using a stratified random sample. The study revealed the following results:
Single-cell analysis of bacterial growth, cell size, and community structure in the Delaware estuary

The abundance and size of thymidine and leucine-assimilating bacteria were examined using a combination of microautoradiography and fluorescence in situ hybridization (micro-FISH) to explore the relationship between community structure and bacterial growth in the Delaware estuary. Community structure varied along the salinity gradient; β-proteobacteria and Cytophaga-like bacteria dominated in freshwater parts of the estuary and α-proteobacteria were the most abundant bacteria at salinities greater than about 10 PSU. The percentage of thymidine and leucine-assimilating bacteria in these groups varied substantially as well, ranging from undetectable to 50% active. The correlation between abundance and the fraction of bacteria assimilating 3 H-thymidine was significant for β-proteobacteria, suggesting that the decline in the abundance of these bacteria in high salinity waters was because of slower growth. The correlation between abundance and growth, however, was not significant for the other types of bacteria we examined. Active bacteria were distributed across all size classes, and the smallest bacteria dominated cell number and cell volume. This study indicates that bacterial growth has a smaller impact on community structure than expected, and points towards the importance of other factors, such as mortality, in affecting community structure.
Comparative In silico Analysis of Partial Coat Protein Gene Sequence of Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus Infecting Summer Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) Isolated From India

Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV; Family: Potyviridae, Genus: Potyvirus) is a serious virus infecting summer squash causing severe damage to both crop and ornamental cucurbit crop production. In the present study, molecular characterization of ZYMV (at genomic and proteomic level) infecting summer squash was carried out and cDNA of approximately 700bp was amplified. The PCR amplified product was further sequenced and analyzed. The sequence of partial coat protein of 154 nucleotides of Indian isolate of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) was determined and translated to proteins. Later, the sequence was submitted to NCBI and has got accession no. GU144796 with protein id ACZ36948. In BLASTN analysis, nucleotide test sequence showed 91% homology with D13914 (sequence from USA), whereas, protein test sequence was 75.9% homologous in BLASTP analysis with a number of protein sequences present in the database. The alignment score of test sequence with 67 other isolates of ZYMV retrieved from NCBI database was highest for USA among varied countries and lowest for China in case of nucleotides and Korea in case of proteins. Phylogenetic analysis revealed similarity of the test virus sequence with a USA ZYMV CP (D13914) and similarity of the partial polyprotein sequence with that of Japan (BAE75935). Conserved domain of the test virus was found to show homology with the potyvirus coat protein domain alignment collection (pfam00767). Computational restriction digestion revealed that 22 different restriction enzymes restrict present isolate of ZYMV. Secondary structures for polyprotein of the test virus was predicted which inferred dominance of alpha (a) helix in the protein sequence.
Incentives, Resources and the Organization of the School System

We study a model where student effort and talent interact with parental and teachers' investments, as well as with school system resources. The model is rich, yet sufficiently stylized to provide novel implications. We can show, for example, that an improvement in parental outside options will reduce parental and school effort, which are partially compensated through school resources. In this way we provide a rationale for the ambiguous existing empirical evidence on the effect of school resources. We also provide a novel microfoundation for peer effects, with empirical implications on welfare and on preferences for sorting across schools.
Horizontal Mergers and Product Quality

Using a spatial competition framework with three ex ante identical firms, we study the effects of a horizontal merger on quality, price and welfare. The merging firms always reduce quality. They also increase prices if demand responsiveness to quality is sufficiently low. The non-merging firm, on the other hand, always responds by increasing both quality and prices. Overall, a merger leads to higher average prices and quality in the market. The welfare implications of a merger are not clear-cut. If the demand responsiveness to quality is sufficiently high, some consumers benefit from the merger and social welfare might also increase.
Adolescent Time Attitude Scale: Adaptation into Turkish

This research is aimed at examining the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Time Attitude Scale. Data were collected from 433 adolescents; 206 males and 227 females participated in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis performed to discover the structural validity of the scale. The internal consistency method was used for reliability analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good fit to the data (X2 = 724.42, DF = 390, RMSEA = .045, GFI = .90, CFI = .91, IFI = .91, NNFI = .90, and SRMR = .04). The internal consistency coefficients of six subscales were found to be . 67 for past positive, . 72 for past negative, . 81 for present positive, . 72 for present negative, . 77 for future positive, and . 63 for future negative. The result of the item analysis showed that corrected item-total correlations ranged from . 29 to . 67, and were statistically significant at the p<0.001 level. These results evidenced that the Turkish version of the scale is a valid and reliable instrument.
Impacts of traffic emissions on atmospheric particulate nitrate and organics at a downwind site on the periphery of Guangzhou, China

Abstract. Particulate matter (PM) pollution on the peripheries of Chinese megacities can be as serious as in cities themselves. Given the substantial vehicular emissions in inner-city areas, the direct transport of primary PM (e.g., black carbon and primary organics) and effective formation of secondary PM from precursors (e.g., NOx and volatile organic compounds) can contribute to PM pollution in buffer zones between cities. To investigate how traffic emissions in inner-city areas impact these adjacent buffer zones, a suite of real-time instruments were deployed in Panyu, downwind from central Guangzhou, from November to December 2014. Nitrate mass fraction was higher on high-PM days, with the average nitrate-to-sulfate ratio increasing from around 0.35 to 1.5 as the PM mass concentration increased from 10 to 160 µg m−3. Particulate nitrate was strongly correlated with excess ammonium (([NH4+] ∕ [SO42−] − 1.5) × [SO42−]), with higher concentrations in December than in November due to lower temperatures. The organic mass fraction was the highest across all PM1 levels throughout the campaign. While organic aerosols (OA) were dominated by secondary organic aerosols (SOA = semi-volatile oxygenated organic aerosols + low-volatility oxygenated organic aerosols) as a campaign average, freshly emitted hydrocarbon-like organic aerosols (HOA) contributed up to 40 % of OA during high-OA periods, which typically occurred at nighttime and contributed 23.8 to 28.4 % on average. This was due to daytime traffic restrictions on heavy-duty vehicles in Guangzhou, and HOA almost increased linearly with total OA concentration. SOA increased as odd oxygen (Ox = O3 + NO2) increased during the day due to photochemistry. A combination of nighttime traffic emissions and daytime photochemistry contributed to the buildup of PM in Panyu. The mitigation of PM pollution in inner-city areas by reducing vehicular traffic can potentially improve air quality in peripheral areas.
Effects of a Three-Stage Intervention Program on the Holistic Health Status of Patients with Drug Addiction after Discharge

Background: Patients with drug addiction experience negative effects, not only regarding their own personal health, including cognitive and psychosocial abilities, but also on the part of their family members and society at large. Objectives: This quasi-experimental research examined the effect of an intervention program for patients, along with their families, on improving the holistic health status of patients after discharge. Patients and Methods: Ninety patients were selected and were paired according to gender, age, education, and type of drug addiction. Simple random assignment was used to allocate each subject in the experimental (N = 45) and control (N = 45) groups. A standardized health assessment questionnaire (SF-36V2), covering eight study areas of holistic health status in terms of physical, mental, and social functioning, was administered. The experimental treatment, or the three-stage intervention program, consisted of an individual counseling program and a relapse prevention training program for patients, together with a family participation program. Descriptive statistics were calculated and chi-square test was used to compare the characteristics of two groups. Also t-test was applied to compare the mean scores of health status. Results: The patients that received treatment in the experimental group had a higher mean score (before mean = 105.76 and after mean = 109.42; P = 0.013) regarding the difference in their holistic health status than those in the control group (before mean = 107.09 and after mean = 106.56; P = 0.713). This result showed that a three-stage intervention program helped improve the patients’ holistic health status. Conclusions: It is suggested that for addiction rehabilitation and relapse prevention, health practitioners should not only provide an intervention program to their patients, but they should design a program for families to participate in the treatment as well so that patients can function at a higher level of wellness. Therefore, the family participation program should be reinforced as part of the therapeutic intervention.