Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adjustable Midurethral Slings in the Treatment of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence

Midurethral slings have become the gold standard in the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). However, despite the high cure rates with these procedures, nearly 20% of the patients are incontinent after surgery. On the other hand, in a small percentage of women, voiding dysfunction may develop after surgery. Adjustable slings have been advocated in patients who fail an anti-incontinence surgery or have intrin- sic sphincter deficiency (ISD) or in order to prevent postoperative voiding dysfunction. There are various options of adjustable slings according to the surgical route or the type of mesh used. follow-up percent of the retention developed in three (6.7%) 4 weeks after surgery and needed sling readjustment. were four cases (9%) of vaginal wall infection, but no vaginal or urethral wall erosion. patients inconti sling patients afterward patients patients of follow-up 100) retropubic follow-up retropubic
The nature of Hα star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 0.4 in and around Cl 0939+4713: the environment matters

Cluster star-forming galaxies are found to have an excess of far-infrared emission relative to Hα, when compared to those in the field, which could be caused by intense active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity, dust and/or declining star formation histories. Here we present spectroscopic observations of Hα emitters in the Cl 0939+4713 (Abell 851) super-cluster at z = 0.41, using AF2+ WYFFOS on the William Herschel Telescope. We measure [O ii], Hβ, [O iii], Hα and [N ii] for a sample of 119 Hα emitters in and around the cluster. We find that 17 ± 5 per cent of the Hα emitters are AGN, irrespective of environment. For star-forming galaxies, we obtain Balmer decrements, metallicities and ionization parameters with different methods, individually and by stacking. We find a strong mass–metallicity relation at all environments, with no significant dependence on environment. The ionization parameter declines with increasing stellar mass for low-mass galaxies. Hα emitters residing in intermediate environments show the highest ionization parameters (along with high [O iii]/Hα and high [O iii]/[O ii] line ratios, typically twice as large as in the highest and lowest densities), which decline with increasing environmental density. Dust extinction (A_(Hα)) correlates strongly with stellar mass, but also with environmental density. Star-forming galaxies in the densest environments are found to be significantly dustier (A_(Hα) ≈ 1.5 − 1.6) than those residing in the lowest density environments (A_(Hα) ≈ 0.6), deviating significantly from what would be predicted given their stellar masses.
70.4: Optical Characterization of Scattering Anti‐Glare Layers

We present methods for evaluation of the visual sparkle of anti‐glare treated surfaces and compare the results to visual ratings of expert observers. In addition we measure and characterize the reduction of image clarity induced by the scattering of microstructured AG‐surfaces and the reduction of unwanted reflections achieved by the anti‐glare layers.
Age-Related Changes in the Melatonin and Thymulin Biorhythms as Risk Factors for Human Neurodegenerative Diseases

The frequency of age-related neurodegenerative pathology, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, brain ischemia and multiple sclerosis increases worldwide and has great socio-economic implications. The use of approaches based on investigation the pathogenic factors of their development may be perspective in the prevention and treatment of such diseases. Circadian and circannual rhythms play a key role in the adaptative changes of human neuroendocrine and immune systems to the light and temperature. The rhythmicity of these systems is disturbed in human aging that may be connected with desynchronosis of pineal gland melatonin production. This process becomes more intensive during development of the neurodegenerative diseases. Thymic endocrine function (thymulin production) is the important part of chronobiological organization of immune system. The circadian and circannual rhythms of thymulin depend on the synchronizing influence of melatonin. Melatonin production disorders lead to the intra-immune desynchronosis via disturbances of the circadian and circannual rhythms of thymulin and its interactions with the endocrine glands (hypophysis, adrenal glands, gonads etc) both in aging and age pathology. Melatonin treatment improves sleep-wake rhythm and produces antiapoptotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the brain at neurodegenerative diseases and slows down development of this pathology. Moreover, melatonin treatment leads to the suppression of age-related changes in the rhythmicity of immune and neuroendocrine systems functions. Such melatonin effect is realized via synchronous influence on the circadian and circannual rhythms of thymulin production. Therefore melatonin seems to be perspective for restoring disturbed rhythmicity of immune and neuroendocrine systems in: A. accelerated human aging with pineal gland dysfunction and B. Patients of different age and sex suffering from neurodegenerative diseases making individual hormone dose correction.
Design and Analysis of a Large Corpus of Post-Edited Translations: Quality Estimation, Failure Analysis and the Variability of Post-Edition

Machine Translation (MT) is now often used to produce approximate translations that are then corrected by trained professional post-editors. As a result, more and more datasets of post-edited translations are being collected. These datasets are very useful for training, adapting or testing existing MT systems. In this work, we present the design and content of one such corpus of post-edited translations, and consider less studied possible uses of these data, notably the development of an automatic Quality Estimation (QE) system and the detection of frequent errors in automatic translations. Both applications require a careful assessment of the variability in post-editions, that we study here.
Minor physical anomalies: Modifiers of environmental risk for psychopathology

Objective: To test the hypothesis that minor physical anomalies (MPAs) modify an adolescent’s vulnerability to environmental risk factors for psychopathology. Method: One hundred eighteen unreferred male adolescents who had been evaluated as 7-year-olds received a comprehensive neuropsychiatric evaluation. The evaluation included standardized assessments of environmental risk factors for psychiatric impairment, neurological signs, IQ, MPAs, and psychiatric impairment. The relationship between psychiatric status and environmental risk was examined as a function of the MPA profile. Results: There was a significant interaction between MPAs and environmental risk in predicting psychiatric status. Environmental risk was more predictive of psychiatric impairment at age 17 in subjects with high scores on the MPA scale than in subjects with low scores on the scale. This relationship was particularly apparent in subjects with conduct disorder. MPAs also exhibited relationships with two childhood factors, neurological soft signs and Verbal IQ, that had been shown to predict adolescent psychopathology in prior reports on this cohort. Conclusions: MPAs may contribute to psychiatric impairment by influencing an individual’s vulnerability to environmental risk factors for psychopathology. These suggestive findings are consistent with an emerging body of literature examining the role of biopsychosocial interactions in psychiatric disorders. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiahy, 1997, 36(3):395-403.
Using corporate social responsibility orientation characteristics for small enterprise default prediction (Online Published: December 27, 2017)

This study aims to analy e w ether the characteristics of a company corporate social esponsibility (CSR) orientation could improve the accuracy rates of small enterprise (SE) bankruptcy prediction model . A sample made up of 382 Italian SEs is analysed and, by applying ogistic egression, a SE default prediction model is designed using both CSR orientation characteristics and financial ratios as default predictors. The accuracy of this model is then compared to that of a second model based only on financial ratios as predictive variables. The main results are: i) using CSR orientation characteristics significantly improves the effectiveness of SE default prediction modelling; ii) the smaller a firm the higher the increase in the prediction accuracy that can be obtained by using CSR characteristics as default predictors; iii) SE default prediction modelling should be separately implemented for different size groups of firms
E. A REVIEW: DEPRESSION AND SMOKING

Cynthia L. Arfken, PhD Abstract: The association between depression and smoking has been well-documented in multiple countries and age groups. This review examines recent publications that address the magnitude of the association and its causal patterns (ie, due to lowered success of quitting in people with depression, depression causing smoking, smoking causing depression or third factor related to both smoking and depression). We conclude that the association may be multi-factorial with each of the causal directions possibly contributing to the observed association. Also, the association extends beyond depression to other mental disorders, including consumption of illegal drugs and non-medical use of prescription medications. Although the studies emphasize cigarette smoking, it is plausible to generalize the findings to other tobacco delivery systems involving deep inhalation, such as a hookah, due to the pharmacodynamics of nicotine. Although this review did not examine any studies specific to Arab Americans, the findings should generalize if smoking is stigmatized or, alternatively, as stigmatization increases. The good news is that even with the robust association between depression and smoking, people with depression can quit smoking and continue to be smoke-free. Because 44.3% of cigarettes in the United States are consumed by individuals with mental illnesses, mental illness deserves a prominent focus to allow our public health goal of reducing the prevalence of smoking to be reached. (Ethn Dis. 2007;17[Suppl 3]:S3-16–S3-18)
In vitro and in vivo model of a novel immunotherapy approach for chronic lymphocytic leukemia by anti-CD23 chimeric antigen receptor Running title: CD23 CAR-targeting for CLL immunotherapy Keywords: CLL, Chimeric T-cell receptor, CD23, Immunotherapy, Cell Therapy

Authors' Affiliations: -Centro di Ricerca Matilde Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Milan, Italy; -Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA -Department of Adult Hematology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy -Pathology Unit and Lymphoma Unit, Department of Oncology, Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Milano, Italy Laboratory of B Cell Neoplasia and Lymphoma Unit, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele and Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Milan, Italy * V.Marin and V.Hoyos equally contributed to this work **E.Biagi and G.Dotti are co-last authors and co-corresponding authors
Atmospheric PM2.5 and Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran in a Coastal Area of Central Taiwan

ABSTRACTAtmospheric PM2.5 and PCDD/Fs have received much more attention in recent years due to their harmful properties. In this study, the PM2.5 and PCDD/Fs in the ambient air and the atmospheric dry and wet depositions were investigated in a coastal area of central Taiwan. During 2014, 2015 and 2016, the mean PM2.5 concentrations in Yunlin were 29.6, 26.6 and 26.3 µg m–3, respectively. The mean values of PM2.5/PM10 ratios were in an order of Lunbei (averaged at 0.55) > Taisi (averaged at 0.54) > Mailiao (averaged at 0.363). The modeled PCDD/Fs concentration at Yunlin were 0.0380, 0.0346 and 0.0324 pg WHO2005-TEQ m–3 during 2014 to 2016. The observed concentration of total-PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ at Yunlin in January and August were 0.089 and 0.00538 pg WHO2005-TEQ m–3, and the modeled concentration were 0.0598 and 0.0176 pg WHO2005-TEQ m–3. From 2014 to 2016, the annual average dry deposition, wet deposition and total deposition in Yunlin were 4,955, 254 and 5,209 pg WHO2005-TEQ m–2 year–1 in 2014; 4,524, 348 and 4,872 pg WHO2005-TEQ m–2 year–1 in 2015; 4,224, 518 and 4,742 pg WHO2005-TEQ m–2 year–1 in 2016. Among these three areas, the dry deposition fluxes were highest at Mailiao, followed by Lunbei, and the lowest at Taisi. The scavenging ratios (Stot) of total-PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ in Yunlin were 14,600, 13,800 and 13,300 in 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively, and with an average of 13,900. The scavenging ratios (Stot) indicated a distinctive seasonal variation, and the values in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 13,700, 6,330, 12,100 and 23,500 in Yunlin, respectively. This is due to the fact that a higher temperature will cause more fraction of PCDD/Fs in the gas phase in summer and the gas phase scavenging ratio is less than that of particle phase. The results of this work provide useful information for both further studies and environmental control strategies aimed at persistent organic compounds (POPs).
Permafrost coverage, watershed area and season control of dissolved carbon and major elements in western Siberian rivers

Abstract. Analysis of organic and inorganic carbon (DOC and DIC, respectively), pH, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, SO4 and Si in ~ 100 large and small rivers ( 10 000 km2. Environmental factors are ranked by their increasing effect on DOC, DIC, δ13CDIC, and major elements in western Siberian rivers as follows: watershed area
PRICING PATH-DEPENDENT DERIVATIVES IN FIXED INCOME MARKETS: A NEW APPROACH

The goal of this paper is to present a new form to pricing derivatives in fixed income markets. Our idea is to produce a time and value discretization of the stochastic process that represents the instantaneous interest rate (which solely subscribes all fixed income derivatives), in order to obtain an approximate solution for the derivative price. Our method admits all sort of diffusions consistent to the Feynman-Kac representation formula. The payoff format can also be quite general, for continuous time or discrete monitoring schemes. We illustrate the method pricing an Asian interest rate option under the (more realistic) discrete interest rate compounding scheme.
Gradient Ricci solitons on almost Kenmotsu manifolds

If the metric of an almost Kenmotsu manifold with conformal Reeb foliation is a gradient Ricci soliton, then it is an Einstein metric and the Ricci soliton is expanding. Moreover, let (M2n+1,Φ,ξ,η,g) be an almost Kenmotsu manifold with ξ belonging to the (k,μ)′-nullity distribution and h h≠0. If the metric g of M2n+1 is a gradient Ricci soliton, then M2n+1 is locally isometric to the Riemannian product of an (n+1)-dimensional manifold of constant sectional curvature -4 and a at n-dimensional manifold, also, the Ricci soliton is expanding with λ = 4n.
Prevalence Rate of Spasticity at 3 Months after Stroke in Korea: The Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation (KOSCO) Study

*Yong-Il Shin and Yun-Hee Kim have equally contributed as corresponding authors in this study. Eun Gyeom Cha, Soo-Yeon Kim, Hae In Lee, Deog Young Kim, Jongmin Lee, Min Kyun Sohn, Sam-Gyu Lee, Gyung-Jae Oh, Yang-Soo Lee,Min Cheol Joo, Eun Young Han,Junhee Han, Won Hyuk Chang, Yong-Il Shin,* Yun-Hee Kim* Prevalence Rate of Spasticity at 3 Months after Stroke in Korea: The Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation (KOSCO) Study Brain & NeuroRehabilitation 02
A 2-year retrospective study of the treatment of retinal vein occlusion withdexamethasone 0.7 mg intravitreal implant (Ozurdex®): an emphasis oncombination therapy.

Introduction: Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO) is the second commonest retinal vascular pathology after diabetic retinopathy. Ozurdex is a sustained-release 0.7 mg dexamethasone intravitreal implant which has been approved to treat adults with RVO, non-infectious posterior uveitis and pseudophakic patients with diabetic macular oedema. We aim to assess its efficacy and safety in a retrospective study which included 49 eyes of 46 consecutive patients over a 24-month follow up period. Methods: Data was collected retrospectively from paper and electronic patient records. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The paired student t- test was used to compare pre and post treatment data. Categories analysed included demographics, ocular and systemic co-morbidities, type of RVO, duration of macular edema prior to treatment, additional treatments with laser/anti-VEGF, pre and post treatment visual acuity, intraocular pressure, central macular thickness and complications. Results: Patients had equal gender distribution; age ranged between 42 to 91 years and the mean duration of macular oedema is 6.9 months (SD ± 9.24). Additional treatment: Laser PRP: Pretreatment: 16%, Post treatment: 22%. Anti VEGF: Pre-treatment: 6%, Post treatment: 42%. Number of Implants: 34.7% had 2 implants, 10.2% had 3 implants and 2.1% had 4 implants. Mean duration of repeat implant- 6.54 months (SD ±0.55). Mean reduction in CMT is 181. 3μm (SD ± 210.92). The commonest complication at the end of the study was found to be high IOP in 26.5%. Visual outcome improved by > 15 letters in 32% at 2 months, 30% at 6 months and 28.5% at 2 years (p<0.061). Conclusion: This is a real-life data showing the effect of Ozurdex® in RVO. Our results are comparable with major studies like the Geneva study. Rates of complications were comparable. We show that combination therapy was superior to monotherapy.
Author and editor biographies

Nicky Gordon is the Dr Hadwen Trust's Science Officer (Communications). Nicky has a background in the biological sciences, having studied Zoology and Psychology at Bristol University, before going on to take an MSc in Primate Conservation. Nicky has extensive experience in non-animal replacement techniques, having worked in the field for a number of years. Dr Gill Langley's PhD in neurochemistry was from Cambridge University and she has experience of cell culture research. Since 1979 she has led science programmes at the Dr Hadwen Trust for Humane Research. The Dr Hadwen Trust is the UK's leading medical research charity funding exclusively non-animal research techniques to replace animal experiments, benefiting people and animals. Michelle Hudson, a Scientific Officer at FRAME, has a masters degree in Zoology from the University of Sheffield. Her main research interests are the application of methods to reduce the number of animals used in experiments, the refinement of animal procedures and the replacement of non-human primates in biomedical science. Michelle is currently undertaking a PhD at the Institute for Science and Society, University of Nottingham, investigating the use of non-human primates in biomedical research. Christine Brock holds a first class honours degree in Herbal Medicine, was awarded the 2007 Phytoproducts prize for Pharmacology, and is currently undertaking a Health and Wellbeing PhD at the University of Westminster. She previously had a career as a biomedical scientist, specialising in histology, and is a Member of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences. She has also been a senior NHS manager, overseeing human research ethics committees. An important feature missing from most previous publications is a detailed analysis of the extent to which primate experiments have already been replaced by advanced non-animal alternatives such as cell and molecular methods, computer simulations and ethical studies with human volunteers (see panel). This report aims to fill that gap. It is important because knowledge of these successes will foster a more widespread sense that primate research can be replaced with valid techniques that do not use laboratory animals. We selected five areas of medical research into important human conditions – malaria, cognition, stroke, AIDS and hepatitis C – which have used significant numbers of primates over many years and yet have had very limited success in translating to human benefit. They illustrate where notable progress has been made in replacing primate experiments with non-animal techniques, and where greater progress is achievable. Around the world many …
Effects of Habitat Disturbance on Survival Rates of Softshell Turtles (Apalone spinifera) in an Urban Stream

Abstract We monitored Spiny Softshell Turtles (Apalone spinifera) using mark-recapture during 1994–2005 in Gin Creek, Searcy, Arkansas. In 1997–2000 the creek bed and riparian zone were bulldozed in an effort to remove debris and improve water flow. This disturbance appeared to reduce the quantity and quality of turtle habitat. We tested for the potential effect of this habitat disturbance on the survival rates of marked turtles. We estimated annual survival rates for the population using models that allowed for variation in survival by state of maturation, year, and effects of the disturbance; we evaluated two different models of the disturbance impact. The first disturbance model incorporated a single change in survival rates, following the disturbance, whereas the second disturbance model incorporated three survival rates: pre- and postdisturbance, as well as a short-term decline during the disturbance. We used a state-transition model for our mark-recapture analysis, as softshells transition from juveniles to adults in a variable period of time. Our analysis indicated that survival varied by maturation state and was independent of a time trend or the disturbance. Annual survival rates were lower for juveniles (S ˆ = 0.717, SE = 0.039) than for adults (S ˆ = 0.836, SE = 0.025). Despite the dramatic habitat disturbance, we found no negative effects on survival rates. Our results demonstrate that, like a few other freshwater turtle species known to thrive in urban environments, populations of A. spinifera are resilient and can persist in urban environments despite periodic habitat disturbances.
Representation learning of genomic sequence motifs with convolutional neural networks

Although convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been applied to a variety of computational genomics problems, there remains a large gap in our understanding of how they build representations of regulatory genomic sequences. Here we perform systematic experiments on synthetic sequences to reveal how CNN architecture, specifically convolutional filter size and max-pooling, influences the extent that sequence motif representations are learned by first layer filters. We find that CNNs designed to foster hierarchical representation learning of sequence motifs - assembling partial features into whole features in deeper layers - tend to learn distributed representations, i.e. partial motifs. On the other hand, CNNs that are designed to limit the ability to hierarchically build sequence motif representations in deeper layers tend to learn more interpretable localist representations, i.e. whole motifs. We then validate that this representation learning principle established from synthetic sequences generalizes to in vivo sequences.