Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, outcome and prognostic factors of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: A real world single center study

Abstract Objectives: To investigate the prevalence, outcome and prognostic factors of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). Methods: SLE inpatients from 2005 to 2016 were included. Information on survival duration and causes of death was collected. Data were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves, log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results: Among 1589 SLE patients, 101 (6.4%) were diagnosed with NPSLE. The overall survival rates of the NPSLE patients were 89%, 85% and 84% at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively. The standardized mortality ratio of NPSLE patients was 11.14. The most common cause of death was NPSLE related conditions (7, 47%), including intracranial hypertension syndrome, cerebrovascular disease and motor neuron disease. The following variables were associated with death: cardiac involvement, renal involvement, diffuse NPSLE, acute confusional state, more than one NPSLE manifestation, low lymphocyte count, elevated C-reactive protein, abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and high systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index. Acute confusional state (p = .001), elevated intracranial pressure (p = .010) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = .032) were independently predictive factors of death. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates an 11.14-fold increased mortality of NPSLE patients compared with general population. NPSLE related disorders are main causes of death. Acute confusional state is the most significant predictive factor for poor prognosis.
What is coordination theory and how can it help design cooperative work systems?

It is possible to design cooperative work tools based only on “common sense” and good intuitions. But the history of technology is replete with examples of good theories greatly aiding the development of useful technology. Where, then, might we look for theories to help us design computer-supported cooperative work tools? In this paper, we will describe one possible perspective—the interdisciplinary study of coordination—that focuses, in part, on how people work together now and how they might do so differently with new information technologies. In one sense, there is little that is new about the study of coordination. Many different disciplines—including computer science, sociology, political science, management science, systems theory, economics, linguistics, and psychology—have all dealt, in one way or another, with fundamental questions about coordination. Furthermore, several previous writers have suggested that theories about coordination are likely to be important for designing cooperative work tools (e.g., [Holt88], [Wino86]). We hope to suggest here, however, that the potential for fruitful interdisciplinary connections concerning coordination is much greater than has as yet been widely appreciated. For instance, we believe that fundamentally similar coordination phenomena arise—unrecognized as such—in many of the fields listed above. Though a single coherent body of theory about coordination does not yet exist, many different disciplines could both contribute to and benefit from more general theories of coordination. Of particular interest to researchers in the field of computer-supported cooperative work is the prospect of drawing on a much richer body of existing and future work in these fields than has previously been suggested. In this paper, we will first describe what we mean by “coordination theory” and give examples of how previous research on computer-supported cooperative work can be interpreted from this perspective. We will then suggest one way of developing this perspective further by proposing tentative definitions of coordination and analyzing its components in more detail.
Value of Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification for Risk Prediction of Coronary and Cardiovascular Events

Background: Computed tomography (CT) allows estimation of coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression. We evaluated several progression algorithms in our unselected, population-based cohort for risk prediction of coronary and cardiovascular events. Methods: In 3281 participants (45–74 years of age), free from cardiovascular disease until the second visit, risk factors, and CTs at baseline (b) and after a mean of 5.1 years (5y) were measured. Hard coronary and cardiovascular events, and total cardiovascular events including revascularization, as well, were recorded during a follow-up time of 7.8±2.2 years after the second CT. The added predictive value of 10 CAC progression algorithms on top of risk factors including baseline CAC was evaluated by using survival analysis, C-statistics, net reclassification improvement, and integrated discrimination index. A subgroup analysis of risk in CAC categories was performed. Results: We observed 85 (2.6%) hard coronary, 161 (4.9%) hard cardiovascular, and 241 (7.3%) total cardiovascular events. Absolute CAC progression was higher with versus without subsequent coronary events (median, 115 [Q1–Q3, 23–360] versus 8 [0–83], P<0.0001; similar for hard/total cardiovascular events). Some progression algorithms added to the predictive value of baseline CT and risk assessment in terms of C-statistic or integrated discrimination index, especially for total cardiovascular events. However, CAC progression did not improve models including CAC5y and 5-year risk factors. An excellent prognosis was found for 921 participants with double-zero CACb=CAC5y=0 (10-year coronary and hard/total cardiovascular risk: 1.4%, 2.0%, and 2.8%), which was for participants with incident CAC 1.8%, 3.8%, and 6.6%, respectively. When CACb progressed from 1 to 399 to CAC5y≥400, coronary and total cardiovascular risk were nearly 2-fold in comparison with subjects who remained below CAC5y=400. Participants with CACb≥400 had high rates of hard coronary and hard/total cardiovascular events (10-year risk: 12.0%, 13.5%, and 30.9%, respectively). Conclusions: CAC progression is associated with coronary and cardiovascular event rates, but adds only weakly to risk prediction. What counts is the most recent CAC value and risk factor assessment. Therefore, a repeat scan >5 years after the first scan may be of additional value, except when a double-zero CT scan is present or when the subjects are already at high risk.
Constructing autobiographical events within a spatial or temporal context: a comparison of two targeted episodic induction techniques

ABSTRACT Recalling and imagining autobiographical experiences involves constructing event representations within spatiotemporal contexts. We tested whether generating autobiographical events within a primarily spatial (where the event occurred) or temporal (the sequence of actions that occurred) context affected how the associated mental representation was constructed. We leveraged the well-validated episodic specificity induction (ESI) technique, known to influence the use of episodic processes on subsequent tasks, to develop variants that selectively enhance spatial or temporal processing. We tested the effects of these inductions on the details used to describe past and future autobiographical events. We first replicated the standard ESI effect, showing that ESI enhances generating episodic details, particularly those that are perception-based, when describing autobiographical events (Experiment 1). We then directly compared the effects of the spatial and temporal inductions (Experiment 2 and 3). When describing autobiographical events, spatial induction enhanced generating episodic details, specifically perception-based details, compared to the control or temporal inductions. A greater proportion of the episodic details generated after the temporal induction were gist-based than after the spatial induction, but this proportion did not differ from a control induction. Thus, using a spatial or temporal framework for autobiographical event generation alters the associated details that are accessed.
A Cross-sectional Pilot Cohort Study Comparing Standard Urine Collection to the Peezy Midstream Device for Research Studies Involving Women

Objectives The expanded quantitative urine culture protocol was used to compare the microbial abundance and diversity of voided urines obtained using a standard urine collection or using the Peezy midstream device versus paired periurethral specimens. Methods Sixty-two female participants were assigned to 1 of 3 cohorts. One cohort used a standard clean catch midstream urine protocol that included a castile soap wipe, the second cohort used a Peezy midstream collection device with castile soap wipe and the third used the Peezy device without a castile soap wipe. Each participant watched a video that detailed the collection method. Before using the castile soap wipe, a periurethral swab was obtained to measure periurethral microbial abundance. Demographics and pelvic floor symptoms were assessed by validated questionnaires. Microbes were detected using expanded quantitative urine culture. Diversity within each sample was analyzed using alpha diversity measures. Results Paired periurethral and urine samples for each woman were analyzed and compared for species abundance, richness, and diversity. Bacterial profiles of Peezy-collected urines differed significantly by multiple diversity indices and had significantly reduced colony-forming units compared to paired periurethral swabs. In contrast, within the standard clean catch cohort, voided urine had higher abundance and richness than paired periurethral swabs. Conclusions Compared with standard clean catch method, the Peezy urine collection device with and without the castile soap wipe resulted in urine with lower bacterial abundance that was distinct from the periurethra. Voided urine collected by Peezy may reduce postbladder microbial contribution.
Association between functional capacity and heart rate variability in patients with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes

Abstract Objective: We sought to investigate functional capacity, heart rate variability (HRV), as well as their relationship in the patients with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 62 controls and 53 uncomplicated diabetic patients. Included subjects underwent laboratory analysis, 24-h ECG Holter monitoring and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Results: All parameters of time and frequency domain of HRV were decreased in the diabetic patients. Oxygen uptake at ventilatory threshold (18.3 ± 3.9 vs. 14.6 ± 3.6 mL/kg/min, p < .001), peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) (27.8 ± 4.1 vs. 19.5 ± 4.3, mL/kg/min, p < .001) and oxygen pulse were significantly lower in the diabetic group, whereas ventilation/carbon dioxide ratio and ventilation/carbon dioxide slope (25.4 ± 2.5 vs. 28.6 ± 3.9, p < .001) were significantly higher in this group. Furthermore, heart rate recovery in the first minute was significantly lower in the diabetic group (26 ± 5 vs. 23 ± 5 beats/min, p = .003). In the whole study population HbA1c and SDNN were independently of other clinical and HRV parameters associated with peak VO2, ventilation/carbon dioxide slope and heart rate recovery in the first minute. Conclusions: Our investigation showed that both functional capacity and HRV were significantly impaired in uncomplicated diabetic patients. HbA1c, an important parameter of glucose regulation, was independently associated with HRV parameters and functional capacity in the whole study population. This reveals a potentially important role of determination of functional capacity and cardiac autonomic function as important markers of preclinical damage in diabetic population.
Protective Effects of Modeled Superoxide Dismutase Coordination Compound (MSODa) Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rat Skeletal Muscle

Background/Aim: Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of skeletal muscles is common pathophysiology during surgeries and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays a critical role in this process. SOD-modeled coordination compound (MSODa) may simulate the protective effects as SOD. Methods: Therefore, this study was designed to explore the protective effects and underlying mechanism of MSODa on malondialdehyde (MDA) and integrin-β2 (CD11b/CD18) in plasma, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in tissue, and morphological changes before and after I/R injury. The rat model of I/R in hind limb was established and randomly divided into sham, ischemia, I/R, I/R-treated with saline, SOD, and MSODa, respectively. Results: These results showed that averaged values for MDA, MPO, CD11b/CD18, and ICAM-1 were significantly increased (P < 0.01 vs ischemia alone) in a time-dependent fashion along with marked tissue remodeling, such as abnormal arrangement of muscular fibers, interstitial edema, vasodilation with no-reflow, inflammatory cells adherent and infiltration, structural changes in mitochondrial, and decrease in glycogens as well. However, all parameter changes induced by I/R injury were reversed, at least partially, by MSODa and SOD treatments and intriguingly, the beneficial/protective effects of MSODa was superior to SOD with an early onset. Conclusion: This novel finding demonstrates that MSODa improves I/R injury of skeletal muscles due at least partially to inhibition of adherent molecule expression and reduction of oxygen free radical formation during I/R pathophysiological processes and this protective action of MSODa was superior to SOD, highlighting the bright future for MSODa in clinical management of tissue I/R injury.
Multimedia learning trumps retrieval practice in psychology teaching.

It is well established that studying with (vs. without) visual illustrations as well as taking tests (vs. restudying) is beneficial for learning, but on which strategy should one put the efforts, or should they be combined for best learning? Eighty-eight upper secondary school students were given a brief lecture presented verbally (6 classes) or with the aid of a visual illustration (visuoverbal, 6 classes). The information was processed again by taking a memory test or by restudying. Recall and transfer tests were conducted after some few minutes and again after one week. The visuoverbal lecture resulted in better learning than verbal presentation only. A significant study strategy by retention interval interaction was found. However, this interaction was not qualified by a testing effect. Hence, taking tests (retrieval practice) did not lead to better learning than restudying. It was concluded that it is worthwhile to use visual illustrations in teaching. However, the present study did not reveal any synergistic effects from the combination of visuoverbal presentation and retrieval practice.
Molecular Diversity Required for the Formation of Autocatalytic Sets

Systems chemistry deals with the design and study of complex chemical systems. However, such systems are often difficult to investigate experimentally. We provide an example of how theoretical and simulation-based studies can provide useful insights into the properties and dynamics of complex chemical systems, in particular of autocatalytic sets. We investigate the issue of the required molecular diversity for autocatalytic sets to exist in random polymer libraries. Given a fixed probability that an arbitrary polymer catalyzes the formation of other polymers, we calculate this required molecular diversity theoretically for two particular models of chemical reaction systems, and then verify these calculations by computer simulations. We also argue that these results could be relevant to an origin of life scenario proposed recently by Damer and Deamer.
Nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and self-regulation as predictors of overweight and obesity.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and eating self-regulation are important determinants of overweight and obesity. Eating self-regulation is the link between eating intention and behavior. However, the extent to which these factors influence overweight and obesity has not been thoroughly studied. The study examined nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and eating self-regulation as predictors of overweight and obesity among adults in a community setting. METHODS A total of 313 adults participated in an online survey, which included the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire-Revised, the Nutrition Attitudes Questionnaire, and the Self-Regulation of Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Kendall's tau tests, and multivariate logistic regression procedures were performed. CONCLUSIONS More than half of the participants were either overweight or obese (56.5%). The mean nutrition knowledge score was 74.1%, and only 28.1% correctly identified the body mass index for obesity. Positive predictors of overweight and obesity included poor eating self-regulation of giving up too easily on eating intentions (odds ratio [OR] = 3.81), male gender (OR = 2.0), and age (OR = 1.03), whereas nutrition attitudes were a negative predictor (OR = 0.74). IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The odds of overweight or obesity were nearly four times greater for those who gave up too easily on their eating intentions. Nurse practitioners can play a critical role in establishing healthy dietary habits to maintain weight control by promoting good eating self-regulation, despite the current obesogenic environment. After assessing patient readiness and motivation, it is important to help patients make eating self-regulation as manageable as possible to promote long-term weight management.
Prevalence, predictors, and patterns of mechanical restraint use for inpatients with dual diagnosis.

PURPOSE This study examined the prevalence, predictors, and patterns of mechanical restraint in an inpatient dual diagnosis population. DESIGN AND METHODS Data were longitudinally collected from patients affected by severe mental illness and comorbid substance abuse that were hospitalized in three large wards from 2006 to 2012. FINDINGS In a sample of 1698 hospitalizations, the use of mechanical restraint ranged between 1% and 4% per year. The diagnosis of schizophrenia (odds ratio [OR], 2.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29-5.40), the use of stimulant substances (OR, 5.68; 95% CI, 2.78-11.59) and male sex (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.12-9.27) were associated with an increased risk of being exposed to mechanical restraint. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Specialized interventions targeting people at risk of mechanical restraint may further reduce the incidence of restraint and improve treatment outcomes.
The effectiveness of traditional methods and altered auditory feedback in improving speech rate and intelligibility in speakers with Parkinson's disease

Communication problems are a frequent symptom for people with Parkinson's disease (PD) which can have a significant impact on their quality-of-life. Deciding on the right management approach can be problematic though, as, with the exception of LSVT®, very few studies have been published demonstrating the effectiveness of treatment techniques. The aim of this study was to compare traditional rate reduction methods with altered auditory feedback (AAF) with respect to their effectiveness to reduce speech rate and improve intelligibility in speakers with PD. Ten participants underwent both types of treatments in once weekly sessions for 6 weeks. Outcomes measures were speech rate for passage reading as well as intelligibility on both a passage reading and a monologue task. The results showed that, as a group, there was no significant change in either speech rate or intelligibility resulting from either treatment type. However, individual speakers showed improvements in speech performance as a result of each therapy technique. In most cases, these benefits persisted for at least 6 months post-treatment. Possible reasons for the variable response to treatment, as well as issues to consider when planning to use AAF devices in treatment are discussed.
First Report of Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli as a Pathogen of Cucumber.

In March 1999, a foliar bacterial disease was observed in a commercial crop of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cv. Jetset in Gumlu in northern Queensland, Australia. Initial symptoms consisted of angular, chlorotic, water-soaked lesions that later dried to necrotic areas of light brown, dead tissue. White bacterial ooze was commonly found on the undersides of young water-soaked lesions. Lesions were delimited by veins and distributed uniformly over leaf surfaces, and more than 20% of the crop was affected. No symptoms were observed on plant stems or fruits. Bacterial streaming from the edges of freshly cut young lesions was clearly visible in a droplet of water under ×100 magnification in the laboratory. Isolations were made from young lesions on King's medium B (1). A slow-growing, white, gram-negative, nonfluorescent bacterium was consistently isolated. Three isolates of the bacterium were identified, using the Biolog software program (Biolog, Hayward CA), and in each instance, the bacterium was confirmed as Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli, with a similarity of >0.80. Koch's postulates were completed with 8-day-old glasshouse-grown cucumber (cv. Jetset) seedlings. Seedlings were misted until runoff with a bacterial suspension of 3 × 108 CFU/ml and enclosed in plastic bags for ≈30 h at 22°C. Water-soaked lesions were observed on cucumber cotyledons 4 days after inoculation. This is the first report of A. avenae subsp. citrulli as a pathogen of cucumber. Reference: (1) E. O. King et al. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 44:301, 1954.
Geographical and temporal variation in the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from patients hospitalized with bacterial pneumonia: results from 20 years of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1997-2016).

BACKGROUND The SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program monitors the frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of organisms from various infection types worldwide. METHODS A total of 102 995 bacterial isolates were consecutively collected (one per patient) in 1997-2016 from 258 medical centres in North America (n = 44 999; 113 centres), Europe (n = 30 988; 61 centres from 22 nations), the Asia-Pacific region (APAC; n = 16 503; 67 centres from 12 nations) and Latin America (n = 10 505; 17 centres from 7 nations). Organisms were isolated from respiratory tract specimens and tested for susceptibility by broth microdilution methods in a central laboratory. RESULTS Staphylococcus aureus (n = 24 351) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 22 279) were the most common organisms overall. Klebsiella spp. (n = 10 565) ranked third in North America, Europe and APAC. The proportion of Gram-negatives increased from 70.0%-74.7% to 80.9%-82.6% in Europe, APAC and Latin America, and remained stable (65.5%-66.1%) in North America. Methicillin resistance rates decreased substantially in all four regions from 2005-06 to 2015-16 among S. aureus isolates. P. aeruginosa susceptibility to meropenem decreased overall in the initial years, but increased in the last years of the investigation. Among Klebsiella spp. isolates, susceptibility to ceftriaxone/meropenem decreased from 85.9%/99.3% to 58.6%/85.8% in Europe and from 91.8%/99.5% to 81.6%/93.9% in APAC during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Rank order and susceptibility rates varied widely by geographical region and over time. The occurrence of some resistance phenotypes increased, though others decreased over the 20 years of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program.