Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Judicial Magic: The Use of Dicta as Equitable Remedy

FIRST-YEAR LAW STUDENTS are often shocked to discover that following the law routinely leads to injustice. Litigation, they learn, is a zero sum game: a plaintiff claims injury; the defendant denies legal responsibility; when the defendant triumphs, the plaintiff is left empty handed, regardless of the equities. By pleading contributory negligence, or the statute of limitations, or the business judgment rule, a defendant, even a seemingly culpable defendant, can escape liability. Justice is not handmaiden to the law in this scenario. The plaintiff may well have suffered injury—blameworthy injury in fact. But where the law does not recognize a legally cognizable wrong, the plaintiff has no remedy. What is “fair” has no necessary relation to what is “legal. ” Inevitably this sparks outrage in the classroom. Students raise their hands to protest that the outcome is “not right. ” They soon realize, however, that morality and law have little in common. In time—a remarkably short time in fact—most stop questioning this at all. The Securities and Exchange Commission’s 2010 civil complaint against Goldman Sachs is but one illustration of the kind of case that breeds cynicism in budding attorneys. The investment bank, “infamously dubbed the ‘great vampire squid wrapped around the face of humanity,’” was accused of defrauding clients by selling them a complex financial instrument without disclosing that it was designed to
Business Innovation through knowledge sharing: An applied study on the Jordanian Mobile Telecommunications Sector

The study aimed to identify and examine the influence of the individual and organizational knowledge sharing enablers on knowledge sharing behavior that leads to develop firm innovation capability. A descriptive analytical methodology approach was adopted in this research. For the purpose of data collection; a questionnaire was developed and administered for collecting data from the sample. 150 questionnaires were distributed randomly to employees in the managerial and development levels of the companies, (98) retrieved and (95) were accepted for analysis. After that, data analysis took place to examine the study variables. After conducting the analysis, the study found that while there is a positive effect of the individual factor “enjoyment in helping others” and the organizational factor “top management support” on the employee knowledge sharing behavior. There is no influence of the individual factor “knowledge self efficacy” and the organizational factor “organizational rewards” on the employee knowledge sharing behavior. Keywords: knowledge sharing, innovation, telecommunications, Jordan
Relationship between body image and overall and athletic internalization in young track and field female athletes

Pouco se sabe a respeito da relacao entre fatores socioculturais e imagem corporal (IC) em atletas. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a relacao da IC com a internalizacao geral e atletica em atletas do sexo feminino das provas de pista do atletismo. Participaram 83 jovens com idade entre 12 e 17 anos. Utilizou-se o Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) para avaliar a IC. A Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 foi utilizada para avaliar a internalizacao geral e atletica. Evidenciaram-se diferencas nos escores das subescalas “Internalizacao Geral” (F(1, 82)=13,41; p=0,02) e “Internalizacao Atletica” (F(1,82)=9,83; p=0,04) entre atletas satisfeitas e insatisfeitas com o corpo. Os achados indicaram relacao da subescala “Internalizacao Geral” (F(1, 82)=14,33; p=0,01) com os escores do BSQ, porem a magnitude da relacao aumentou pouco quando se inseriu a “Internalizacao Atletica” (F(1, 82)=23,79; p=0,01). Concluiu-se que a internalizacao geral esteve mais relacionada a IC das atletas do que a internalizacao atletica.
Chromatographic Recognition of Some Palatable and Unpalatable Subspecies of Rubber Rabbitbrush in and around Utah

Highlight: Paper chromatography is useful in identifying palatable and unpalatable subspecies of rubber rabbitbrush in Utah. Methanol extraction of dried foliar material followed by two-dimensional (n-butanol:acetone:water, 4:1:3; acetic acid:water, 15:85) ascending paper chromatography reveals distinctive patterns for Chrysothamnus nauseosus subspecies albicaulis, salicifolius, graveolens, and consimilis. Patterns for rarer subspecies junceus and hololeucus are not as well defined. Gene exchange between subspecies is demonstrated by chemical markers, the chroma tographic spots, in putative hybrids and introgressents. Range utilization of current growth by browsing animals is highest for subspecies albicaulis and salicifolius, less for subspecies graveolens, and least for subspecies consimilis. Populations of other subspecies in trogressed by consimilis receive limited browsing. Paper chromatography will make it possible to select palatable subspecies of rubber rabbitbrush for range improvement projects and nonpalatable subspecies for areas where animal use is to be discouraged.
Nitrogen budget of the northwestern Black Sea shelf inferred from modeling studies and in situ benthic measurements

A 3D eddy-resolving coupled biogeochemical-hydrodynamical model and in situ obser- vations are used to investigate benthic processes on the Black Sea's NW shelf. Measurements of ben- thic fluxes (oxygen, nutrients, redox compounds) with in situ flux chambers are analyzed in regard to sediment dynamics on the shelf. The seasonal/interannual and spatial variability of benthic processes is explained in terms of 3D ecohydrodynamics. The space/time distribution of benthic fluxes depended on the position of the river plume and the associated primary production, intensity of ver- tical mixing and water depth. Model results and in situ observations reveal the presence of a region of intense benthic recycling and high benthic nutrient fluxes nearshore and in the northern part of the shelf. The model estimates that this region covers about 15% of the shelf area and is connected to the high productivity and high sedimentation caused by river input of organic matter. On the off- shore shelf, covering about 85% of the shelf area, benthic nutrient regeneration is low due to low pro- ductivity. Benthic mineralization pathways (aerobic respiration, denitrification, sulfate reduction, methanogenesis) are quantified. In the high flux region, more than 55% and in the offshore low flux region more than 80% of the organic matter is decomposed by aerobic respiration. In the high flux region, sulfate reduction is the main anaerobic pathway, whereas denitrification is more important on the low flux offshore shelf. At the shelf edge, under the influence of anoxic waters, more than 60% of organic matter is remineralized by sulfate reduction. Little organic matter is decomposed by methanogenesis. A mass balance of particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitro- gen (PON), integrated over the whole shelf and year, shows that 3.7 to 4.2 × 10 6 t of POC reach the sediments, while model results give a value of 1.4 × 10 6 t C. The annual ammonium benthic outflux is estimated at 85 × 10 3 and 174 × 10 3 t N by in situ data and the model, respectively. The amount of nitrogen lost by burial and denitrification estimated from in situ observations is 57 × 10 3 and 324 × 10 3 t N, respectively. Therefore, NW shelf Black Sea sediments are an efficient sink for riverine nitrogen, trapping about 50% of the annual river discharge in total inorganic N.
GENESIS OF NEOPROTEROZOIC GRANITOID MAGMATISM IN THE EASTERN ARAÇUAÍ FOLD BELT, EASTERN BRAZIL: FIELD, GEOCHEMICAL AND SR ND ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE.

The Neoproterozoic granitoid magmatism of the Aracuai Fold Belt (AFB) is an important element for the discussion of the evolution of this belt and its relationships with the African counterpart, the West Congo Belt. In the eastern part of the AFB, four different granitoid suites were recognized. The Nanuque Suite (NQS) comprises syn-tectonic peraluminous cordierite-bearing monzogranites. The Sao Paulinho Suite (SPS) consists of Th-rich peraluminous two mica or biotite- only granitoids. Calc-alkalic granitoids with magmatic epidote were grouped into the Itagimirim Suite (ITS) and post-tectonic charnockitic rocks were grouped into the Salomao Suite (SLS). Sm-Nd mineral isochrpn and Rb-Sr isochron yielded ages of respectively 761 Ma and 714 Ma for the Nanuque and Sao Paulinho suites. The general Sr-Nd isotopic characteristics of the granitoid suites and some country rocks indicate that the parental magmas were mostly the product of melting of the Paraiba do Sul metasediments. The chronological and genetic evolution of the Neoproterozoic plutonism can be envisaged in a model of east-dipping subduction zone, followed by a continental collision between the Brasiliano/Pan-African Sao Francisco (Brazil) and Congo (Africa) cratons and final episodes of uplift and collapse.
DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM FOR IDENTITY AUTHENTICATION USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

The aim of the study is to increase the effectiveness of automated face recognition to authenticate identity, considering features of change of the face parameters over time. The improvement of the recognition accuracy, as well as consideration of the features of temporal changes in a human face can be based on the methodology of artificial neural networks. Hybrid neural networks, combining the advantages of classical neural networks and fuzzy logic systems, allow using the network learnability along with the explanation of the findings. The structural scheme of intelligent system for identification based on artificial neural networks is proposed in this work. It realizes the principles of digital information processing and identity recognition taking into account the forecast of key characteristics’ changes over time ( e.g. , due to aging). The structural scheme has a three-tier architecture and implements preliminary processing, recognition and identification of images obtained as a result of monitoring. On the basis of expert knowledge, the fuzzy base of products is designed. It allows assessing possible changes in key characteristics, used to authenticate identity based on the image. To take this possibility into consideration, a neuro-fuzzy network of ANFIS type was used, which implements the algorithm of Tagaki-Sugeno. The conducted experiments showed high efficiency of the developed neural network and a low value of learning errors, which allows recommending this approach for practical implementation. Application of the developed system of fuzzy production rules that allow predicting changes in individuals over time, will improve the recognition accuracy, reduce the number of authentication failures and improve the efficiency of information processing and decision-making in applications, such as authentication of bank customers, users of mobile applications, or in video monitoring systems of sensitive sites.
THE USE OF A PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUE TO INVESTIGATE THE INTENTION OF KINDERGARTEN STUDENTS IN USING A TABLET PC

This study aims to measure the impact of social influence on performance expectation, motivation, and attitude, and its implication on intention of kindergarten students to adopt a Tablet PC. In this study, a projective technique was employed. The projective technique is a method used by participants to measure third persons' behavior. Data was collected in March-April 2016 in Jakarta, involving 210 kindergarten students' parents. Data was analyzed using an exploratory and structural equation model. Based on the calculation, the Tablet PC adoption intention is affected by performance expectation while performance expectation is affected by social influence. Furthermore, adoption intention is also affected by attitude towards adoption. Recommendations for educators, practitioners, and future study are discussed.
Distribution of Mosquito Larvae in Relation to Physico-chemical Characteristics of Breeding Habitats in Minna, North Central Nigeria

This paper reports on a study carried out in Minna, Nigeria, during the rainy season of 2008, to elucidate larval distribution, variations in water quality and relationships between both variables in conventional mosquito breeding habitats. Mosquito larvae were sampled weekly from randomly selected sites across the city, using standard techniques. Water samples obtained from breeding sites during larval collection were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters, and such were correlated with larval abundance. The results indicated that mosquito larval distribution in Minna was heterogeneous, with the Swamps been the most active mosquito production sites while, the Drains and Rivers did not support larval development. Also, the mosquito types demonstrated distinct preferences for larval habitats. While, Temperature, Phosphate, Sulphate, Carbonate and Transparency did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) among the habitats, other parameters namely, Total Dissolved Solids, Dissolved Oxygen, Conductivity and p H varied significantly (P < 0.05) thus, explaining the heterogeneous distribution of mosquito larvae among the habitats, especially, as some of the physicochemical parameters correlated strongly with larval abundance. The implications of these results for larviciding interventions in Minna were discussed and concluded that the findings of the study should promote targeted cost-effective mosquito larval control in the area.
Applying a Model of Communicative Influence in Education in Closed Online and Offline Courses

This research explores communicative influences on cognitive learning and educational affect in online and offline courses limited to only enrolled students. A survey was conducted of students (N = 147) enrolled in online and offline courses within a single department during Summer, 2013. Respondents were asked about their classroom communication and perceptions, and survey responses were subjected to structural equation modeling to predict each respondent’s final course grade and educational affect. Results provide mixed support for Carr et al.’s [1] communicative influence in education model (CIEM), with strong and significant effects identified only for online courses. While hypotheses regarding the mediating effects of instructor credibility and social identification with colearners were rejected, direct effects of course modality on these variables were identified. Findings are discussed with respect to differences in online and offline communication, online and offline courses, and implications for educators and institutions.
The Performance Comparison of the Participation Banks Acting in Turkey via Grey Relations Analysis Method

“Participation Banks” are the final review process of the banking sector that have become indispensable for the economy of countries worldwide. Although participation banks do not have a long history, they were included in the Bank Law of 2005, and these banks are getting more attention each day. Since participation banks are perceived as alternative for conventional banks, the performance comparisons of participation banks are important for managers and investors. The purpose of this study is to compare the performances of the participation banks operating in Turkey via Grey Relational Analysis Method. In order to do this, 15 ratios which show the capital adequacy, liquidity, asset quality and profitability criteria years have been determined using 4 year-data of the participation banks from the years 2010 – 2013. Participation banks’ performances have been compared using the results of the analysis, with the help of determined ratios. The rank obtained from the results of the analysis is; Kuveyt Turk Participation Bank, Turkiye Finans Participation Bank, Albaraka Turk Participation Bank and Asya Participation Bank. At the end of the study, capital adequacy has been determined as the dominant ratio among all the ratios which affect the performances of participation banks.
On the properness of some algebraic equations appearing in Fuchsian groups

In this paper we give necessary and sufficient conditions on three orientation-preserving hyperbolic isometries T1,T2,T3 so that for any point x ∈ H2 the orthogonal bisectors of the three segments with endpoints x, Ti(x) intersect. This is equivalent to proving the properness of certain algebraic sets. As a corollary, we give a new proof for the existence and density of generic fundamental polygons for cocompact Fuchsian groups.
The Integration of technology in teaching mathematics

This paper presents the Transformation of Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) of three pre-service math teacher. They participate in technology-based learning modules aligned with teaching practice taught school and became characteristic of teaching method by using the mathematical software. ICT-based learning environment has been the demands in practice learning to build a more effective approach to the learning process of students. Also, this paper presents the results of research on learning mathematics in middle school that shows the influence of design teaching on knowledge of math content specifically.
Almost Periodic Solutions of Some Nonlinear Fractional Differential Equations

In this paper, which is continuation of [1], As in [5, 10], we use the theory of fractional calculus to establish the existence and uniqueness of almost periodic solutions of a class of nonlinear fractional differential equations with analytic semigroup in Banach space, and we prove under suitable conditions that their optimal mild solutions are also weakly almost periodic. Mathematics Subject Classification: 34G20, 26A33, 35A05, 34C27, 35B15
Twenty-Three High-Redshift Supernovae from the Institute for Astronomy Deep Survey: Doubling the Supernova Sample at z > 0.7

We present photometric and spectroscopic observations of 23 high-redshift supernovae (SNe) spanning a range of z = 0.34-1.03, nine of which are unambiguously classified as Type Ia. These SNe were discovered during the IfA Deep Survey, which began in 2001 September and observed a total of 2.5 deg2 to a depth of approximately m ≈ 25-26 in RIZ over 9-17 visits, typically every 1-3 weeks for nearly 5 months, with additional observations continuing until 2002 April. We give a brief description of the survey motivations, observational strategy, and reduction process. This sample of 23 high-redshift SNe includes 15 at z ≥ 0.7, doubling the published number of objects at these redshifts, and indicates that the evidence for acceleration of the universe is not due to a systematic effect proportional to redshift. In combination with the recent compilation of Tonry et al. (2003), we calculate cosmological parameter density contours that are consistent with the flat universe indicated by the cosmic microwave background (Spergel et al. 2003). Adopting the constraint that Ωtotal = 1.0, we obtain best-fit values of (Ωm,ΩΛ) = (0.33, 0.67) using 22 SNe from this survey augmented by the literature compilation. We show that using the empty-beam model for gravitational lensing does not eliminate the need for ΩΛ > 0. Experience from this survey indicates great potential for similar large-scale surveys while also revealing the limitations of performing surveys for z > 1 SNe from the ground.
Top quark physics at the LHC

In 2011, an integrated luminosity of more than 5 fb−1 at 7 TeV has been delivered by the LHC. The measurement of the cross section in top quark pair production and in single top quark production, top quark mass, top quark properties and new physics searches in top quark decays have been performed at the CMS experiment with various integrated luminosities. An overview of the latest results of these measurements and searches by the time of ICFP 2012 conference will be presented.
P wave morphology of an arrhythmogenic focus in patients with atrial fibrillation originating from a pulmonary vein or the superior vena cava.

BACKGROUND It was hypothesized that atrial premature contractions (APCs) originating in the pulmonary veins (PVs) or superior vena cava (SVC) can be localized by evaluating characteristics of the P wave. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-eight patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were studied. P wave polarity and morphology of the ECGs during pacing from PVs were analyzed and compared to those of APCs originating from PVs. The P wave angle and notch in lead II during pacing from the right superior (RS) PV and SVC was compared to those of spontaneous APCs originating from those veins. A positive P wave in lead I was helpful in predicting right PV origin. A positive P wave in lead II distinguished superior PV origin. A notched P wave was helpful in predicting left PV origin. P wave polarity in lead II was positive during RSPV and SVC pacing. P waves in lead II during RSPV pacing had notching in 80%, but all P waves were smooth during SVC pacing. A P wave angle of > 40 degrees and notching in lead II showed RSPV origin. CONCLUSIONS These criteria are helpful in selecting which of the 4 PVs should be isolated when APCs cannot be recorded after transseptal puncture.
The Understated Value Of Freehand Sketching In Technology Education

As education plays such a vital role in economic competitiveness, it is no surprise that the focus for many governments is to invest in educational initiatives. Innovation in pedagogy, refined curriculum and much research into the science of teaching and learning is hoped to promote a knowledge economy. In recent years the Irish education systems have been particularly proactive in the area of technology education. Four new subjects were drafted at Senior Cycle level, all with a common philosophy grounded in design and technology. This clear shift in focus from the traditional craft based subjects to a more creative design-based suite of subjects has brought with it an unprecedented need for continuous professional development. This paper focuses on the shift in skill set from teaching in a predefined drawing mode to that of a conceptual mode that fosters creativity. As technical sketching is a fundamental building block of all design-based activities, it formed the core of this study. Focusing on the learning process under the descriptors of presage, process and product enabled a linear exploration of an otherwise complex dynamic learning experience. Although the perception of innate ability restricts the level of application of many teachers in terms of sketching, it proved a valuable attribute as a comparative criterion when selecting contributors. The study included participants that subjectively claimed an average standard of sketching capabilities and a polar group with a prerequisite mindset governed by the phrase “I cannot sketch”. All participants completed a purpose designed five-week course of study. The course included much psychomotor skill development; however the significant value of the course content centered on the cognitive development that progressed from knowledge acquisition to synthesis. The paper concludes by highlighting the value of “Process” based education over the traditional “Product” approach and presents empirical evidence that illustrate enhanced cognitive capabilities of the participants. The use of pre and post intervention data and qualitative commentary validates the suggestion that there is a greater cognitive value to sketching than a completed composition.