Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Grade 2 Spondylolisthesis in a Professional Baseball Player by Far-Lateral Disc Herniation at L5-S1 and L5 Isthmic Successful Endoscopic Surgery for L5 Radiculopathy Caused

Background: We report the case of a professional baseball player who had severe leg pain due to lumbar lateral disc herniation at L4-5 and isthmic spondylolisthesis at L5 (double crash syndrome). For early recovery to competitive level, we performed minimally invasive endoscopic decompression surgery without fusion. There are few reports to discuss the usefulness of minimally invasive treatment for top athletes. Methods: A 29-year-old professional baseball player who played catcher was referred to us with a complaint of right leg pain. The previous doctor diagnosed far-lateral disc herniation and Grade 2 isthmic spondylolisthesis and recommended arthrodesis at L5-S1 as treatment for both pathologies. Radiological imaging showed that the right L5 nerve root was impinged by the 2 lumbar disorders, namely, far-lateral disc herniation and a ragged edge around a pars defect. We had taken into account the patient’s occupation and his wish to avoid a lengthy sick leave, and we had performed endoscopic decompression surgery during the offseason. The far-lateral disc herniation at L5-S1 was removed under local anesthesia by percutaneous endoscopic discectomy, after which the ragged edge at the pars defect was removed under general anesthesia using a microendoscopic discectomy system. Given that the patient did not have any low back pain, arthrodesis was not considered. Results: The leg pain resolved after surgery. The following year (2015), the patient resumed playing baseball from the beginning of the season and played in 41 games. In the 2016 season, he played in 71 games without any symptoms. No further slippage was observed at radiological follow up 1 year after the surgery. Conclusions: Minimally invasive endoscopic surgery is an option for radiculopathy in very active patients who need an early return to their previous level of physical activity. Endoscopic Minimally Invasive Surgery
EFFECT OF BIO-REGULATORS APPLICATION ON PRODUCTIVITY OF BARLEY ( HORDEUM VULGARE L . ) IN ARID CONDITIONS OF WESTERN RAJASTHAN

A field experiment entitled “Effect of Bio-regulators application on productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in arid conditions of Western Rajasthan” was conducted on loamy sand soil of the Agronomy farm, College of Agriculture, Bikaner during rabi season of 2009-2010. The experiment was comprised of three bio-regulators (500 ppm thiourea, 100 ppm thioglycolic acid and 100 ppm salicylic acid) spray at 40 and 60 DAS with water spray. Foliar spray of bio-regulators (TU, TGA and SA) significantly improved plant height, dry matter accumulation, effective tillers per meter row length, spike length grains per spike and test weight of barley over water spray control. The maximum grain yield (2743 kg/ha), straw yield (3101kg/ha), biological yield (5844 kg/ha), harvest index (47.10 %), protein and total protein content were obtained with 500 ppm thiourea at 40 and 60 DAS.
Response ' to ' Referee ' # 1 ' ( Fuyuki ' Saito ) '

We present a new parameterisation that relates surface mass balance (SMB: the sum of surface accumulation and surface ablation) to changes in surface elevation of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) for the MAR regional climate model. The motivation is to dynamically adjust SMB as the GrIS evolves, allowing us to force ice sheet models with 5 SMB simulated by MAR while incorporating the SMB-elevation feedback, without the substantial technical challenges of coupling ice sheet and climate models. This also allows us to assess the effect of elevation feedback uncertainty on the GrIS contribution to sea level, using multiple global climate and ice sheet models, without the need for additional, expensive MAR simulations. 10 We estimate this relationship separately below and above the equilibrium line altitude (ELA, separating negative and positive SMB) and for regions north and south of 77 N, from a set of MAR simulations in which we alter the ice sheet surface elevation. These give four ‘SMB lapse rates’, gradients that relate SMB changes to elevation changes. We assess uncertainties within a Bayesian framework, estimating probability distribu15 tions for each gradient from which we present best estimates and credibility intervals (CI) that bound 95% of the probability. Below the ELA our gradient estimates are mostly positive, because SMB usually increases with elevation: 0.54 (95% CI: -0.22 to 1.34) kg m 3 a 1 for the north, and 1.89 (1.03 to 2.61) kg m 3 a 1 for the south. Above the ELA the gradients are much smaller in magnitude: 0.09 (-0.03 to 0.22) kg m 3 a 1 in 20 the north, and 0.06 (-0.07 to 0.56) kg m 3 a 1 in the south, because SMB can either increase or decrease in response to increased elevation. Our statistically-founded approach allows us to make probabilistic assessments for the effect of elevation feedback uncertainty on sea level projections (Edwards et al., 2013). 25
University of Birmingham Barriers to and facilitators of independent non-medical prescribing in clinical practice

Question : What are the factors that affect the implementation or utilisation of independent non-medical prescribing (iNMP)? Design : Mixed-methods systematic review. Two reviewers independently completed searches, eligibility and quality assessments. Data sources : Pre-de ﬁ ned search terms were utilised to search electronic databases. Reference lists, key journals and grey literature were searched alongside consultation with authors/experts. Eligibility criteria for included studies : Qualitative and quantitative studies investigating independent prescribing by any non-medical professional group. Study participants included any stakeholders involved in actual or proposed iNMP. Measurements reported on data describing stakeholders ’ perceptions and experiences of the barriers to/facilitators of iNMP. Results : A total of 43 qualitative and seven quantitative studies from three countries (n = 12, 117 participants) were included. Quality scores varied from 9 to 35 (Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs, 0 to 48). Qualitative data were synthesised into four themes (and subthemes): systems (government and political, organisational, formulary); education and support (non-medical prescribing (NMP) courses/continuous professional development (CPD)); personal and professional (medical profession, NMP professions, service users); and ﬁ nancial factors. Quantitative data corroborated the qualitative themes. Integration of the qualitative themes and quantitative data enabled the development of a NMP implementation framework. Conclusion : Barriers to and facilitators of the implementation and utilisation of iNMP are evident, demonstrating multifactorial and context-speci ﬁ c variables within four explicit themes. Professional bodies, politicians, policy and healthcare managers and clinicians could use the resulting NMP implementation
Focused domain contextual AI chatbot framework for resource poor languages

ABSTRACT In today’s business world, providing reliable customer service is equally important as delivering better products for maintaining a sustainable business model. As providing customer service requires human resource and money, businesses are often shifting towards artificial intelligence system for necessary customer interaction. However, these traditional chatbot architectures depend heavily on natural language processing (NLP), it is not feasible to implement for the languages with little to no prior NLP backbone. In this work, we propose a semi-supervised artificially intelligent chatbot framework that can automate parts of primary interaction and customer service. The primary focus of this work is to build a chatbot which can generate contextualized responses in any language without depending much on rich NLP background and a vast number of a prior data set. This system is designed in such a way that with a dictionary of a language and regular customer interaction dataset, it can provide customer services for any business in any language. This architecture has been used to build a customer service bot for an electric shop, and different analysis has been done to evaluate the performance of individual components of the framework to show its competence to provide reliable response generation in comparison with other approaches.
Correlation between Antiphospholipid antibodies and Recurrent Spontaneous Miscarriage in Saudi Women

Objective: To examine the association between antiphospholipid antibodies and gestational age of abortion and duration post abortion in Saudi women living in Western region of Saudi Arabia (Makkah) in order to consider the interactive association with major demographic factors. Materials and Methods: In this free-living population study blood samples were collected from 100 females who had history of spontaneous recurrent abortion as case group and 100 pregnant healthy women as control group ages ranged between 22 and 40 years, with a mean age of 31.4 ± 12.69 years. Serum antiphospholipid antibodies were measured. Results: Average rate of antiphospolipid antibodies in the serum of case group compared with the control group indicated no significant statistical difference. In case group the number of miscarriages were more, mean of antiphosopolipid antibody levels were also higher. Mean antiphospholipid antibodies rate was greater with increasing gestational age at time of first miscarriage. Almost mean antipospholipid antibodies in all patients remained in high level just in first 4 years with any number of miscarriages and 4 years later, antibodies began to fall. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that antiphospholipid antibodies based on number of miscarriages and gestational age of miscarriages were increased. More over mean antipospholipid antibodies in all patients remained in high level just in first 4 years post miscarriage and then began to fall. However, well-designed diagnostic studies are needed to estimate the true association between other specific autoantibodies and recurrent miscarriage through epidemiological studies with a larger sample size, including different age groups and populations.
The Effect of Decentralization, Characteristics of Management Accounting Information on Managerial Performance with Locus of Control as the Moderating Variable

This study aims to provide a review of the effect decentralization, characteristics of management accounting Information on managerial performance with locus of control As the moderating variable. The research object in this study was the manager of PT Telkom Witel Sul-sel and PT Multi trading Pratama. The total population was 63 manager and the technique of determining the sample uses a census method, that was, the entire population were used as a research sample. In this study the method used was explanatory research. Data collection used a questionnaire instrument. Data were analyzed using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with the help of software SPSS 23. The hypotheses proposed were as many as 4 (four). The result show that (1) decentralization has a significant effect on managerial performance (2) characteristics information accounting management has a significant effect on managerial performance (3) locus of control does not moderate the relationship of decentralization on managerial performance (4) locus of control moderates and weakens the relationship of characteristics information accounting management on managerial performance.
Emperors, dragons, and other mathematicalia

One of the most intriguing applications of possibilia is the reduction of mathematical truths. I argue that this is not only technically feasible, but also supported by general methodological considerations, that it reflects a natural understanding of mathematical statements and that it solves most of the philosophical puzzles surrounding mathematics. 1 Philosophical puzzles about mathematics Mathematics is puzzling. What are mathematical theories about? What are numbers, functions, sets and lattices? Where are they? What is their nature? Do they have properties beyond those mentioned in mathematics? Do they really exist? These are ontological questions. Others are ‘ideological’, in Quine’s sense of the term. Consider “member” (or “element”) in set theory. There is no official definition of this notion. Does that mean we have to rely on supernatural revelation to grasp its meaning? Textbooks often say, somewhere on their first pages, that a set is several things considered as one – something like a flock of sheep –, and that the ‘members’ are simply the original things so considered. But soon we are told that there is an empty set, a unit set of the empty set, a unit set of that set, and so on, none of which can in any sense be called “several things considered as one”. So what, really, do “set” and “member” mean? (cf. [Lewis 1991: §2]) Then there are epistemological worries. Mathematical theories do not appear to describe parts or features of reality to which our senses provide access: numbers can neither be seen nor heard. Unlike microphysical particles, they aren’t even causally responsible for observable phenomena. But then how can we know about them? How can we be confident that our mathematical beliefs track what is the case in that isolated mathematical part of reality? (cf. e.g. [Field 1989: §1.4]) 1 The approach I will present resembles proposals by Paul Fitzgerald [1976], David Lewis [1993], Geoffrey Hellman [1996] and Daniel Nolan [2001: ch.7, 2004]. I thank Christian Nimtz, Daniel Nolan, Wolfgang Künne and Andrea Sereni for comments and discussion.
The CommitmentBank: Investigating projection in naturally occurring discourse

This paper describes a new resource, the CommitmentBank, developed for the empirical investigation of the projection of finite clausal complements. A clausal complement is said to project when its content is understood as a commitment of the speaker even though the clause occurs under the scope of an entailment canceling operator such as negation or a question. The study of projection is therefore part of the study of commitments expressed by speakers to non-asserted sentence content. The content of clausal complements has been a central case for the study of projection, as there is a long-standing claim that clause-taking predicates fall into two classes—factives and nonfactives—distinguished on the basis of whether the contents of their complements project. This claim identifies the embedding predicate as the primary determinant of the projection behavior of these contents. The CommitmentBank is a corpus of naturally occurring discourses whose final sentence contains a clause-embedding predicate under an entailment canceling operator. In this paper, we describe the CommitmentBank and present initial results of analyses designed to evaluate the factive/nonfactive distinction and to investigate additional factors which affect the projectivity of clausal complements.
Land-use Changes in Mount Papandayan : Its Associated Impacts on Biodiversity and Carbon

Given the fact that most lowland forests in the highly populated island of Java have been converted to other uses, the mountain forests play a critical role in providing key ecosystem services such as biodiversity maintenance and partial stabilization of climate through carbon sequestration. This paper assesses the extent to which land-use changes in Mount Papandayan happening during 1994 – 2001 has resulted in loss of forest habitats and carbon sequestered in vegetation. The assessment was done by analyzing the data derived from biodiversity survey for plants and birds, field-measurement of carbon stocks, remote sensing, and interview. The remote sensing method (using Landsat) was used to quantify the extent of deforestation. In order to estimate carbon stock and its changes in the landscape, we have developed a statistical model based on the correlation between the spectral characteristics and field-measurement of carbon stocks. The results indicated that the mixed-forest of Mount Papandayan had high diversity of plants and birds. Deforestation mainly due to conversion to agricultural fields has been instrumental in causing the loss of such diverse habitat. During 1994-2001, around 2,700 hectares of forest have disappeared with the associated loss of carbon of more than 800,000 tons. This paper will also highlight the implication of this finding to the ecosystem management in order to conserve the remaining and restoring the forest.
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY VOUCHERS AND GENOMIC DATA FROM AN INDIVIDUAL SPECIMEN: MAXIMIZING THE UTILITY OF DELICATE AND RARE SPECIMENS

Specimen vouchering is a critical aspect of systematics, especially in genetic studies where the identity of a DNA sample needs to be assured. It can be difficult to obtain a high quality voucher after DNA extraction when dealing with tiny and delicate invertebrates that often do not survive the extraction procedure intact. Likewise, once a whole specimen has been extracted from, it is no longer useful for scanning electron microscopic examination. This paper discusses the use of a single specimen for both low temperature scanning electron microscopy and DNA extraction. This process allows full documentation of all external characteristics of an organism and ample whole genomic DNA extraction for DNA sequencing.
Stakeholders vs . shareholders in corporate governance Chilosi

The paper is divided in two coordinate parts. The first considers in general the issue of stockholders vs. stakeholders oriented governance systems and their relative merits and demerits. The second part deals specifically with the issue of the principal-agent problem in a stakeholder context. 1 The paper is the outcome of a common research project on the issue of corporate governance. The authorship of the first part is mainly to be ascribed to Alberto Chilosi, the authorship of the second part mainly to Mirella Damiani. Chilosi-Damiani Stakeholders vs. Shareholders in Corporate Governance 2
Harmonic Networks for Image Classification

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) learn ﬁlters in order to capture local correlation patterns in feature space. In contrast, in this paper we propose harmonic blocks that produce features by learning optimal combinations of responses to preset spectral ﬁlters. We rely on the use of the Discrete Cosine Transform ﬁlters which have excellent energy compaction properties and are widely used for image compression. The proposed harmonic blocks are intended to replace conventional convolutional layers to produce partially or fully harmonic versions of new or existing CNN architectures. We demonstrate how the harmonic networks can be efﬁciently compressed by exploiting redundancy in spectral domain and truncating high-frequency information. We extensively validate our approach and show that the introduction of harmonic blocks into state-of-the-art CNN models results in improved classiﬁcation performance on CIFAR and ImageNet datasets.
Different rates of tramadol infusion for peri and postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing orthopedic surgery

The study aimed to determine the continuous rate infusion of tramadol associated with periand postoperative analgesia for orthopedic surgeries in dogs, as well as cardiorespiratory and adverse effects. Thirty dogs aged 4.2±1.2 years and weighing 15.1±0.9kg were enrolled in the study, premedicated intramuscularly with acepromazine (0.04mg kg -1 ) and tramadol (2mg kg -1 ); anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Three infusion rates were compared, comprising three experimental groups: G2: 2.0mg kg -1 h -1 ; G2.5: 2.5mg kg -1 h -1 ; and G3: 3.0mg kg -1 h -1 . Surgery was initiated 15 minutes following the start of tramadol infusion. During anesthesia, animals were monitored in predefined time points: immediately after tracheal intubation and start of inhalation anesthesia (T0); surgical incision (TSI); final suture (TFS) and end of tramadol infusion (TEI), which was maintained for at least 120 minutes and prolonged according to the duration of surgery. Postoperative analgesia was evaluated through an interval pain scoring scale and the Melbourne pain scale. The mean time of tramadol infusion was greater than 120 minutes in all groups and no differences were found among them (141±27 minutes in G2, 137±27 minutes in G2.5 and 137±30 minutes in G3). Perioperative analgesia was regarded as short and did not correlate with infusion rates. Tramadol infusion provided adequate analgesia with cardiorespiratory stability Analgesia was not dose-dependent, however, and residual postoperative effects were short-lasting, which warrants proper postoperative analgesia following tramadol infusion. Additional studies are required using higher infusion rates and standardized nociceptive stimulation in order to determine how doses influence tramadol analgesia and whe therthereis a limit to its effect in dogs.
A Study to Assess the Prevalence of Depression among Women Suffering from Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

: Aim: Women with PCOS have menstrual irregularities associated with unwanted facial hair growth, acne, weight gain, infertility which are distressing to them and reduce their quality of life. Women with PCOS having such symptoms have a strong predilection for mental health issues like depression, anxiety and other psychiatric comorbidities. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of depression among women suffering from Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Methodology: The present cross-sectional questionnaire-based study recruited 40 patients diagnosed with PCOS from department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Tertiary care Hospital. Presence of distress was assessed using cut-off scores on General Health Questionnaire (GHQ- 12). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to find the independent predictors of having psychological distress as per GHQ-12. Depressive symptoms were assessed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) among patients who were found to be distressed as per GHQ-12. Result: As per GHQ-12 cut-off psychological distress is seen in 60% of the study population out of which 42.5% had mild depression while 17.5% had moderate depression based on the Hamilton Rating Scale for depression. Discussion: The present study suggests that prevalence and risk of depression is significantly high in women with PCOS. Some of the factors that positively correlated with the presence of depression include being married, infertility, self -perception of attractiveness and family history of depression. Conclusion: The clinical implication of this study is that clinicians treating women with PCOS should be aware that these women are at a high risk group for depression.
Five-year records of Total Mercury Deposition flux at GMOS sites in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres

Francesca Sprovieri1, Nicola Pirrone2, Mariantonia Bencardino1, Francesco D’Amore1, Helene Angot3,4, Carlo Barbante17,10, Ernst-Günther Brunke5, Flor Arcega-Cabrera15, Warren Cairns17, Sara Comero8, María del Carmen Diéguez7, Aurélien Dommergue3,4, Ralf Ebinghaus6, Xin Bin Feng12, Xuewu Fu12, Patricia Elizabeth Garcia7, Bernd Manfred Gawlik8, Ulla Hageström9, Katarina Hansson9, Milena Horvat11, Jože Kotnik11, Casper Labuschagne5, Olivier Magand4,3, Lynwill Martin5, Nikolay Mashyanov13, Thumeka Mkololo5, John Munthe9, Vladimir Obolkin16, Martha Ramirez Islas14, Fabrizio Sena8, Vernon Somerset5, Pia Spandow9, Massimiliano Vardè1,17, Chavon Walters5, Ingvar Wängberg9, Andreas Weigelt6, Xu Yang12, and Hui Zhang12