Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Indolent lymphoplasmacytic and marginal zone B-cell lymphomas : absence of both IRF 4 and Ki 67 expression identifies a better prognosis

Among the indolent B-cell lymphomas postulated to be of postgerminal center origin, marginal zone lymphomas (MZL) encompass three recently described entities of indolent Bcell lymphomas, i.e. extranodal MZL or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas, splenic MZL (SMZL) and nodal MZL (N-MZL). MZL display cellular heterogeneity and variations in growth patterns, independently of their anatomical site, but share immunophenotypic, genetic and chromosomal similarities. These lymphomas are associated with morphological features of plasma-cell differentiation; the degree of this differentiation varies among patients. Morphologically, these histological categories overlap with lymphoplasmacytic lymphomas (LPL) including Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM), which have an extra-follicular pattern and features of plasmacytic differentiation. A monoclonal paraprotein may be found in the serum of patients with MZL but, as in LPL, the levels of monoclonal IgM secretion are not related to plasma-cell differentiation in the tumor. Among LPL, the diagnosis of WM is based on the detection of monoclonal IgM, but, again, IgM levels do not correlate with the degree of morphological plasma-cell differentiation in the tumor. LPL are usually localized in the spleen and/or lymph nodes although bone marrow infiltration is also frequent. Although now considered relatively rare, extra-nodal localizations of LPL are possible and include the lung and gastro-intestinal tract. N-MZL and S-MZL may arise from both mutated and non-mutated transformed B-lymphocytes. In contrast, IgVH somatic mutations are constantly found in LPL. Some prognostic factors have been reported in these lymphomas. Nevertheless, in daily clinical practice, it is nearly impossible to predict the outcome of the patients. NFrom the Laboratoire d’Anatomie Pathologique (BP, FL); Service d’Hématologie Clinique (M-PC, AJ, DB); Laboratoire d’Hématologie (NG, JF); UMR CNRS 6101 Physiologie moléculaire de la réponse immune et des lymphoproliférations (CLC, AJ, MC, DB, JF); Service de l’Information Médicale et d’Evaluation, Registre Général des Cancers en Région Limousin, CHU Dupuytren et Faculté de Médecine, Université de Limoges, France (SM-J).
ORDINARY AND DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES : IMPLICATIONS FOR FIRM PERFORMANCE AND COMPETITIVE HETEROGENEITY

A common issue in strategic management research involves sources of interfirm performance differences. Research on this issue assumes such competitive heterogeneity is attributable to variation in firm level factors of resources and capabilities, but this is difficult to establish empirically. This study begins to address this gap by examining the roles of Information Technology (IT) based capabilities in firm performance. Specifically, we examine whether differences in the heterogeneity of “zero-order” ordinary capabilities and “first-order” dynamic capabilities contribute to differences in firm performance. Results offer empirical support that both types of capabilities, as well as their heterogeneity, can influence performance, but that these effects vary. These observations offer potential implications for research on RBV, dynamic RBV, Dynamic Capabilities, and Competitive Heterogeneity. Working Draft: March 21, 2006
The determination of an effective cricoid pressure

A study of cricoid pressure was undertaken to relate the applied cricoid force with the resulting intraluminal cricopharyngeal (or oesophageal) pressure. The results indicate that whilst there was a wide range in normal adults a cricoid force of 44 N was judged to be effective in protecting the majority of adult patients from regurgitation.
The Role of Eddies in Driving the Tropospheric Response to Stratospheric Heating Perturbations

A simplified general circulation model has been used to investigate the chain of causality whereby changes in tropospheric circulation and temperature are produced in response to stratospheric heating perturbations. Spinup ensemble experiments have been performed to examine the evolution of the tropospheric circulation in response to such perturbations. The primary aim of these experiments is to investigate the possible mechanisms whereby a tropospheric response to changing solar activity over the 11-yr solar cycle could be produced in response to heating of the equatorial lower stratosphere. This study therefore focuses on a stratospheric heating perturbation in which the heating is largest in the tropics. For comparison, experiments are also performed in which the stratosphere is heated uniformly at all latitudes and in which it is heated preferentially in the polar region. Thus, the mechanisms discussed have a wider relevance for the impact of stratospheric perturbations on the troposphere. The results demonstrate the importance of changing eddy momentum fluxes in driving the tropospheric response. This is confirmed by the lack of a similar response in a zonally symmetric model with fixed eddy forcing. Furthermore, it is apparent that feedback between the tropospheric eddy fluxes and tropospheric circulation changes is required to produce the full model response. The quasigeostrophic index of refraction is used to diagnose the cause of the changes in eddy behavior. It is demonstrated that the latitudinal extent of stratospheric heating is important in determining the direction of displacement of the tropospheric jet and storm track.
The Hardest Context-Free Language

There is a context-free language $L_0 $ such that every context-free language is an inverse homomorphic image of $L_0 $ or $L_0 - \{ e\} $. Hence the time complexity of recognition of $L_0 $ is the least upper bound for time complexity of recognition of context-free languages. A similar result holds for quasirealtime Turing machine languages. Several languages are given such that deterministic and nondeterministic polynomial time acceptance are equivalent if and only if any one of them is deterministic polynomial time acceptable.
Assessment of the learning curve from the California Verbal Learning Test—Children's Version with the first-order system transfer function

A mathematical model is proposed to measure the learning curve in the California Verbal Learning Test–Children's Version. The model is based on the first-order system transfer function in the form Y = B3*exp[-B2*(X-1)]+B4*{1-exp[-B2*(X-1)]}, where X is the trial number, Y is the number of recalled correct words, B2 is the learning rate, B3 is interpreted as readiness to learn and B4 as the ability to learn. Children's readiness to learn and ability to learn were lower than adults. Modeling revealed that girls had greater readiness to learn and ability to learn than boys.
Sensitivity and Specificity of an Operon Immunochromatographic Test in Serum and Whole-Blood Samples for the Diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Spain, an Area of Nonendemicity

ABSTRACT Trypanosoma cruzi infection is an imported parasitic disease in Spain, and the majority of infected individuals are in the chronic phase of the disease. This study evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of the Operon immunochromatographic test (ICT-Operon; Simple Stick Chagas and Simple Chagas WB [whole blood]; Operon S.A., Spain) for different biological samples. Well-characterized serum samples were obtained from chagasic patients (n = 63), nonchagasic individuals (n = 95), visceral leishmaniasis patients (n = 38), and malaria patients (n = 55). Noncharacterized specimens were obtained from Latin American immigrants and individuals at risk with a clinical and/or epidemiological background: these specimens were recovered serum or plasma samples (n = 450), whole peripheral blood (n = 94), and capillary blood (n = 282). The concordance of the results by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence test was considered to be the “gold standard” for diagnosis. Serum and plasma samples were analyzed by Stick Chagas, and whole blood was analyzed by Simple Chagas WB. The sensitivity and specificity of the ICT-Operon in well-characterized samples were 100% and 97.9%, respectively. No cross-reactivity was found with samples obtained from visceral leishmaniasis patients. In contrast, a false-positive result was obtained in 27.3% of samples from malaria patients. The sensitivities of the rapid test in noncharacterized serum or plasma, peripheral blood, and capillary blood samples were 100%, 92.1%, and 86.4%, respectively, while the specificities were 91.6%, 93.6%, and 95% in each case. ICT-Operon showed variable sensitivity, depending on the kind of sample, performing better when serum or plasma samples were used. It could therefore be used for serological screening combined with any other conventional test.
Entropy Stable Staggered Grid Discontinuous Spectral Collocation Methods of any Order for the Compressible Navier-Stokes Equations

Staggered grid, entropy stable discontinuous spectral collocation operators of any order are developed for the compressible Euler and Navier--Stokes equations on unstructured hexahedral elements. This generalization of previous entropy stable spectral collocation work [M. H. Carpenter, T. C. Fisher, E. J. Nielsen, and S. H. Frankel, SIAM J. Sci. Comput. , 36 (2014), pp. B835--B867, M. Parsani, M. H. Carpenter, and E. J. Nielsen, J. Comput. Phys., 292 (2015), pp. 88--113], extends the applicable set of points from tensor product, Legendre--Gauss--Lobatto (LGL), to a combination of tensor product Legendre--Gauss (LG) and LGL points. The new semidiscrete operators discretely conserve mass, momentum, energy, and satisfy a mathematical entropy inequality for the compressible Navier--Stokes equations in three spatial dimensions. They are valid for smooth as well as discontinuous flows. The staggered LG and conventional LGL point formulations are compared on several challenging test problems. The staggered LG ope.
Investigating the epistemological stances implicit in ISAD approaches

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the differences in epistemological underpinnings of conventional information systems analysis and design (ISAD) approaches (such as structured system and analysis design methodologies) and a recently developed situated ISAD approach.Design/methodology/approach – This empirical investigation involved constructing a simulated field situation to allow a conventionally trained IS analyst to analyse the same case as had been previously analysed by applying the situated ISAD methodology.Findings – While the conventional approach focuses on articulated knowledge and observes the system under study with a detached stance, the situated approach includes tacit knowledge and recognises the importance of the environment. The situated analyst is immersed in the system, attempting to take the subject position of an actor in the system, while also maintaining some analytical distance.Research limitations/implications – The research method and framework presented is a novel way to com.
5-Fluorouracil: Mechanisms of Resistance and Reversal Strategies

The purpose of this work is to review the published studies on the mechanisms of action and resistance of 5-fluorouracil. The review is divided into three main sections: mechanisms of anti-tumor action, studies of the resistance to the drug, and procedures for the identification of new genes involved in resistance with microarray techniques. The details of the induction and reversal of the drug resistance are also described.
Examining mobile based payment services adoption issues: A new approach using hierarchical clustering and self-organizing maps

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to make a unified approach in identifying the issues affecting usage intention of mobile-based payment services. The work aims to analyze the reduced factors from data obtained from a survey to highlight the influencers of usage intention mobile-based payment in an integrated manner by incorporating the technical characteristics, technology-specific characteristics, user-specific characteristics and task-specific characteristics. Design/methodology/approach – A nationwide primary survey was conducted using validated questionnaire requesting response for 11 factors obtained from published literature. In all, 196 respondents participated in the survey in India. Valid responses were analyzed using Growing Hierarchical Self-Organizing Map (GHSOM) model. The interactive GHSOM application was applied to automatically determine the filtering rules for clustering. Findings – The hierarchical structure of clusters as obtained by applying GHSOM is mainly influenced by factors .
Medical Policy Uterine Fibroid Treatments Effective Date : November 1 , 2015 Subject : Uterine Fibroid Treatments Overview

Overview: Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids or myomas) are benign tumors. Since histologic confirmation of the clinical diagnosis is not necessary in most cases, and there is both growth and regression of fibroids, asymptomatic uterine leiomyomas can usually be followed without intervention. Research supports not treating asymptomatic fibroids. Treatments for symptomatic fibroids include medical management, hysterectomy, myomectomy, uterine artery embolization (UAE), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), laser ablation, cryoablation, and image-guided thermal ablation using ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
The Role of Meat Fat in the Human Diet

Food fat plays an important role in the human diet. On the one hand, fats provide the body with energy, contribute to the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, and act as structural elements of cell walls. On the other hand, a high fat intake is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and coronary heart disease. Animal fats, which contain a high proportion of saturated fatty acids, are often the focus of attention when it comes to reducing the share of fat in the diet. The present overview of the literature describes the amount of total fat and the percentage of individual fatty acid groups in meat and meat products, documents the contribution of meat and meat products to fat intake, and investigates the connection between meat fat and various diseases. The information given is based mainly on data material from Switzerland; data from other countries have been included for comparison.
A Replication Competent HSV-1(McKrae) with a Mutation in the Amino-terminus of Glycoprotein K (gK) is Unable to Infect Mouse Trigeminal Ganglia after Cornea Infection

Abstract Purpose: To determine the role of the amino terminus of herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein K (gK) in corneal infection, neuroinvasion, and establishment of virus latency in trigeminal ganglia of mice. Methods: The recombinant virus HSV-1 (McKΔgK31-68) was constructed by engineering gK genes encoding gK lacking 38 amino acids immediately after the gK signal sequence. A rescued virus was also produced. Mouse eyes were scarified and infected with 105 plaque forming units (PFU) in each eye. Clinical signs of ocular disease were monitored daily. Thirty days postinfection trigeminal ganglia were collected and processed for quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis of viral DNA and recovery of infectious virions by cell culture of ganglionic tissues. Results: Deletion of the amino terminus of gK encoded by the McKΔgK31-68 mutant virus did not substantially affect its replication kinetics on African green monkey kidney cells (Vero), while it reduced cell-to-cell spread. McK viral infection of scarified mouse corneas with 105 PFU produced severe ocular disease. In contrast, McKΔgK31-68 viral infection with 105 PFU produced no significant ocular disease symptoms. All ganglia from mice infected with the McK virus produced high numbers of infectious virions upon explant culture in Vero cells, in agreement with qPCR results detecting high number of HSV-1 viral DNA in ganglionic tissues. In contrast, qPCR failed to detect any viral genomes in McKΔgK31-68 ganglia, while two of the ten ganglia revealed the presence of low numbers of infectious virions upon explant culture in Vero cells. Conclusions: The results show that the amino terminus of gK is essential for neuroinvasiveness and acute herpes keratitis in the mouse eye model. It is likely that gK is involved in efficient infection of axonal termini, since mouse eye scarification provided a direct access to the high density of neuronal axons innervating mouse corneas.
From falling to flying: the path to powered flight of a robotic samara nano air vehicle

This paper details the development of a nano-scale (>15 cm) robotic samara, or winged seed. The design of prototypes inspired by naturally occurring geometries is presented along with a detailed experimental process which elucidates similarities between mechanical and robotic samara flight dynamics. The helical trajectories of a samara in flight were observed to differ in-flight path and descent velocity. The body roll and pitch angular rates for the differing trajectories were observed to be coupled to variations in wing pitch, and thus provide a means of control. Inspired by the flight modalities of the bio-inspired samaras, a robotic device has been created that mimics the autorotative capability of the samara, whilst providing the ability to hover, climb and translate. A high-speed camera-based motion capture system is used to observe the flight dynamics of the mechanical and robotic samara. Similarities in the flight dynamics are compared and discussed as it relates to the design of the robotic samara.
The anti‐delta suppressed mouse

The ontogeny of IgD was examined in neonatal to adult mice by immunofluorescence. The first δ‐positive cells appeared in the spleen at about 3 days of age, while lymph nodes from 4 to 5‐day‐old mice already contained 10–20% δ‐positive B cells.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN METALLO-β-LACTAMASES AND INTEGRONS WITH MULTI- DRUG RESISTANCE IN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA ISOLATES

INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial chemotherapy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections is a major problem, especially in hospitals. In humans, P. aeruginosa causes a broad spectrum of infections particularly among immunocom promised patients and persons with severe burns, diabetes mellitus or cystic fibrosis [1]. Some strains of this pathogen have been found resistant to all previously known antibiotics [2]. P. aeruginosa resistance is acquired either through mutations or via horizontal transfer of mobile DNA elements. The intensive use of antimicrobial agents has facilitated the rapid emergence of increased resistance in this species. Recently, integrons, a newly discovered class of mobile DNA elements, was found to be responsible for multi-drug resistance among gram negative bacteria [3]. These elements are distinct from all other genetic elements, i.e., they are able to utilize site-specific recombination to acquire and integrate circular gene cassettes [4]. The gene cassettes in the variable segment of integrons, contain an antibiotic resistance gene and a recombination site (59-bp, also called attC), which is recognized by an integrase [5]. To date, ten different classes of integrons have been described of which five carry antibiotic resistance genes [6-8]. Class 1 integrons are the most prevalent among clinical isolates [9]. On the other side, gram-negative bacteria produce class B metallo-β-lactamases (MBLS), which hydrolyze a wide range of broadspectrum β-lactams and are not inhibited by clinical β-lactam inhibitors [10, 11].
Medical Education Problem-based learning: its rationale and efficacy

Problem-based learning (PBL) in medical education uses clinical cases as the context for students to study basic and clinical sciences. Its possible advantages over traditional approaches include its greater relevance to the practice of medicine, its ability to promote retention and application of knowledge, and its encouragement of self-directed life-long learning. Possible disadvantages include higher costs, both in resources and staff time. Although its efficacy is difficult to evaluate, the current enthusiasm for PBL seems justified and its use is likely to increase further. (MJA 1998; 168: 445-448)
Ciliary Beating Plane and Wave Propagation in the Bovine Oviduct

The uterine tube is an essential conduit for the gametes and zygote during reproduction. The necessary bidirectional conveyance occurs through peristalsis and ciliary activity, but unlike in respiratory tract, little is known about mucociliary transport in the uterine tube, and the direction of transport and the alignment of oviductal cilia have not been conclusively characterized. This study aimed to determine the uniformity in the axonemal orientation of motile cilia in the bovine uterine tube, to identify the direction of mucociliary transport and to relate the presumptive beating plane and the mucociliary transport direction to the long axis of the uterine tube. The angular spread of oviductal motile cilia was determined by electron microscopy, and by maintaining the accurate alignment of the samples throughout the processing steps, axonemal orientation was determined relative to the long axis of the oviduct. The direction of the effective mucociliary transport was determined by the analysis of video microscopic data recorded on explants. Vector-based analysis of electron micrographs yielded the mean angle of deviation between the ‘effective ciliary stroke', as derived from axonemal orientation, and the tubal longitudinal axis pointing towards the uterus to be 0.8°, with a standard deviation of 35.2°. The corresponding angular deviation of the short-wave propagation was -6.8° (SD 34.6°). These results show that oviductal motile cilia are rigorously aligned, that the beating plane of the cilia is parallel to the long axis of the uterine tube and that the ‘effective stroke' and mucociliary transport are directed towards the uterus.
Biomechanical evaluation of current patella fracture fixation techniques.

OBJECTIVE To compare the mechanical effectiveness of three different techniques for stabilization of transverse fractures of the patella. DESIGN Cadaveric knees were used to model acute fractures of the patella. To test three treatment techniques in pairs of knees, specimen pairs were assigned randomly to a set of predetermined treatment pairs so as to provide equal numbers of paired and unpaired data sets. Results then were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance. SETTING The treatment techniques used are widely applicable in the clinical setting for the treatment of transverse fractures of the patella. No specialized equipment or training is required for the general or subspecialized orthopaedic surgeon. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS None. INTERVENTIONS Fractures were created in eighteen knees (nine pairs) and repaired by one of three techniques: (a) modified tension band (AO technique); (b) two parallel 4.5-millimeter interfragmentary lag screws; or (c) a new technique using four-millimeter cannulated lag screws with a tension band wired through the screws. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES In mechanical testing, the amount of interfragmentary separation in simulated knee extension and the maximum load to failure at 45 degrees of flexion were measured. RESULTS Fractures stabilized with a modified tension band were found to displace significantly more than those fixed with screws alone or screws plus a tension band in simulated knee extensions (p < 0.05). The fractures fixed with the cannulated screws plus the tension band failed at higher loads (mean = 732 newtons) than those stabilized with screws alone (mean = 554 newtons, p = 0.06) or those with a modified tension band (mean = 395 newtons, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Combining interfragmentary screw fixation with the tension band principle appears to provide improved stability over the modified tension band or screws alone for transverse patella fractures. Cannulated screws allow for simple, reliable addition of a tension band to screw fixation.