Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of purine metabolites - creatinine index to predict the rumen microbial protein synthesis from urinary spot samples in Barbari goats

The study evaluated the potential of the concentration of purine metabolites (PM) in spot urine as an alternative to performing a total urine collection to predict the microbial nitrogen (MN) supply in goats. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase I was comprised of fasting metabolism trial of eight goat bucks (19.70±0.59 kg mean body weight) to quantify the contribution of basal PM excretion. PM excretion decreased (P<0.05) with feed restriction and the mean value (μmol/ kgW0.75/d) observed during fasting was 250.09±5.11. Phase II examined the response of PM excretion to feed intake and evaluated the usefulness of purine metabolites: creatinine (PMC) index in spot urine samples for prediction of rumen MN supply. The concentration of PM in total urine and spot urine was quantified in eight goat bucks (20.24±0.74 kg mean body weight) allocated in two sets of 4×4 Latin square design at four fixed levels of feed intake (95, 80, 60 and 40% of voluntary feed intake) on diet based on wheat straw and concentrate mixture (50:50). Total PM excretion increased linearly with level of intake. Urinary excretion of creatinine did not differ among groups, while the PMC index calculated from total urine and spot urine increased (P<0.05) with level of feed intake. PMC index of spot urine differentiated the feeding levels at 6 and 12 h post feeding. The relationship between PMC index in the spot urine samples collected 12 h after the morning feed and the daily total PM excretion was the highest (R2=0.82). The results confirm that PMC index in spot urine samples can serve as a potential tool for the quantification of MN supply in goats.
Parameters required to simulate electric characteristics of SiC devices for n-type 4H-SiC

In order to obtain some of the parameters required to simulate the electric characteristics of silicon carbide (SiC) power electronic devices in a wide temperature range from startup temperatures (⩽30°C) to steady-operation temperatures (⩾200°C), we discuss the dependence of the two donor levels on the total donor density (ND) as well as the dependence of the electron mobility on the total impurity density (Nimp) and operating temperature (T) in the n-type 4H–SiC. The temperature-dependent electron concentration n(T) and electron mobility μn(T) in the n-type 4H–SiC epilayers with several nitrogen-doping densities are obtained from the Hall-effect measurements. By the graphical peak analysis method (free carrier concentration spectroscopy: FCCS) without any assumptions regarding the donor species, the two types of donor species are detected from n(T). Moreover, the energy level and density of each donor species are determined by the FCCS. Using these results, we obtain the parameters with which the depende.
Prediction of springback in multi-point forming

Abstract Flexible forming techniques, such as multi-point forming (MPF), are employed in manufacturing to reduce the time and cost of production. MPF uses a set of height-adjustable pins to construct free-form three-dimensional surfaces. Springback is a common phenomenon in forming including MPF which, if not properly catered for, will lead to parts that are out of specification. This paper introduces a detailed numerical approach for predicting springback in MPF. FE models were developed to simulate MPF of doubly curved panels in Aluminium alloy 5251-O. The Response Surface Method and the analysis of variance technique were employed to identify the most significant process parameters and to determine their optimal setting. The influence of these parameters on thickness variations across the formed panel and the subsequent effect of those variations on the amount of springback were investigated. It was found that the radius of curvature had the most significant effect on springback and thickness variation. Minimum springback can be achieved by introducing high strains through sheet stretching.
The redshift-dependence of radial acceleration: Modified gravity versus particle dark matter

Modified Newtonian Dynamics has one free parameter and requires an interpolation function to recover the normal Newtonian limit. We here show that this interpolation function is unnecessary in a recently proposed covariant completion of Erik Verlinde’s emergent gravity, and that Verlinde’s approach moreover fixes the function’s one free parameter. The so-derived correlation between the observed acceleration (inferred from rotation curves) and the gravitational acceleration due to merely the baryonic matter fits well with data. We then argue that the redshift-dependence of galactic rotation curves could offer a way to tell apart different versions of modified gravity from particle dark matter.
A primordial origin for molecular oxygen in comets: a chemical kinetics study of the formation and survival of O2 ice from clouds to discs

Molecular oxygen has been confirmed as the fourth most abundant molecule in cometary material (O2/H2O ∼ 4 per cent) and is thought to have a primordial nature, i.e. coming from the interstellar cloud from which our Solar system was formed. However, interstellar O2 gas is notoriously difficult to detect and has only been observed in one potential precursor of a solar-like system. Here, the chemical and physical origin of O2 in comets is investigated using sophisticated astrochemical models. Three origins are considered: (i) in dark clouds; (ii) during forming protostellar discs; and (iii) during luminosity outbursts in discs. The dark cloud models show that reproduction of the observed abundance of O2 and related species in comet 67P/C-G requires a low H/O ratio facilitated by a high total density (≥105 cm−3), and a moderate cosmic ray ionization rate (≤10−16 s−1) while a temperature of 20 K, slightly higher than the typical temperatures found in dark clouds, also enhances the production of O2. Disc models show that O2 can only be formed in the gas phase in intermediate disc layers, and cannot explain the strong correlation between O2 and H2O in comet 67P/C-G together with the weak correlation between other volatiles and H2O. However, primordial O2 ice can survive transport into the comet-forming regions of discs. Taken together, these models favour a dark cloud (or ‘primordial’) origin for O2 in comets, albeit for dark clouds which are warmer and denser than those usually considered as Solar system progenitors.
Corporate Social Responsibility Practices of UAE Banks

The study aims at investigating corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices of UAE banks. A modified questionnaire has been developed. The questionnaire is divided into two parts. The first part covers general information, namely the experience, position and educational level of the respondent. The second part consists of 18 questions about awareness of CSR, CSR dimensions, the most important issues of CSR, CSR instruments, stakeholdersâ€™ engagement and co-operation, the community activities carried out by UAE banks, voluntary activities to mitigate climate change, CSR practices, organizational responsibility for CSR, CSR payback, public policy support for corporate social responsibility and the relationship with the stakeholders. The main results indicate that the UAE banks are aware of the concept of corporate social responsibility; they place more emphasis on compliance with mandatory social and environmental legislation and less on the non-mandatory legislation; the social specific issues are the most important ones; the banks collect information about/from stakeholders and consult stakeholders and participate in multi-stakeholder initiatives; the banks contribute positively in supporting community activities, for instance through donations and sponsorship; the banks are not heavily involved in problems of climate change; the banks ensure equal access to their banking services for all women, irrespective of their marital status, race, etc.; the banks meet the mandatory legislation requirements related to CSR; and finally, the majority of the respondents (90 percent) indicated that it is important for their banks to inform stakeholders about their corporate social responsibility activity.
Callus induction and organogenesis capacity from lamina and petiole explants of Anthurium andreanum Linden (Casino and Antadra)

This paper describes a rapid and efficient protocol to propagate Anthurium andreanum Linden cultivars Casino and Antadra in presence of IBA, NAA, 2,4-D, KIN and BA through callus induction and organogenesis. Segments of lamina and petiole (micro-cuttings or explants) were cultured in MS basal medium with different concentrations of NAA (0.0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/L) and BA (0.0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 mg/L) to produce callus. After 65 days, the most callus production was observed in medium containing 0.5 mg/L NAA + 3 mg/L BA in dark conditions. Production of callus in younger explants grown in dark was better than that the older explants grown in light conditions. The development of shoots and plantlets was initiated later from calluses. NAA (0.0, 0.005, 0.01 and 0.02 mg/L), 2,4-D (0.00, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/L), KIN (0.0 and 1.0 mg/L) and BA (0.0 and 1.0 mg/L) were used for shoot proliferation. The best proliferation of shoots per callus (22.83 shoots per cm 2 of callus) was observed on medium supplemented with 0.01 mg/L NAA + 1 mg/L BA after 8 weeks in a 16/8 h light and dark cycle under a photoperiod of 50 µmol/m 2 /s. Callus production and shoot proliferation were better in Antadra cv. than those of Casino. IBA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L), NAA (0.0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.25 mg/L) and KIN (0.0 and 0.2 mg/L) were applied for rooting of proliferated shoots. In root induction media, the largest number of root (11.50 roots per plantlets) was obtained on medium supplemented with 1 mg/L IBA + 0.2 mg/L KIN. Rooting was significantly higher in Casino cv. Regenerated plants were transferred to peat: perlite: sand (1:1:1) after hardening and they showed 96% of survival.
The influence of habitat and species attributes on the density and nest spacing of a stingless bee (Meliponini) in the Atlantic Rainforest.

T. spinipes lives in perennial eusocial colonies and builds nests exposed on tree branches. Why this habitat generalist with exposed nests cannot nest successfully in forest habitats is intriguing. This study explores the hypothesis this species reaches higher densities in vegetation with open canopies and the subsidiary shading hypothesis, assuming the failure of exposed nests in closed canopy rainforest. As this species shows the basic attributes of territorial foraging groups, the hypothesis of uniform nest spacing is also tested. Comparative field data on nest density and spacing in open canopy vegetation and adjacent closed canopy forest are used to test these hypotheses. In random 40 20x200m plots in rubber groves, 18 nests were recorded. This nest density for a single stingless bee was approximately 36 times higher than in the adjacent rainforest. The high density of nests in the rubber groves is also associated with a regular spatial distribution of nests. The ostensive patrolling distances from the colonies probably operates at short distances, which still corresponds to large territorial areas for such a small stingless bee.We conclude that: this species faces powerful nesting constraints in the ever green and closed canopy of rainforest habitats; as the nest density approaches the density threshold, the patrolling mechanism regulates access to prospective nest sites; the high availability of sunny sites for nesting within the deciduous and open canopy of rubber trees favours the high nest density of T. spinipes and its wide spread distribution where this agroforestry system dominates.
Major Factors Affecting Hide and Skin Production , Quality and the Tanning Industry in Ethiopia

Ethiopia has 55.03 million cattle, 27.35 million sheep and 28.16 million of goats. This places the country as one of the richest countries in livestock resources. For instance, its potential for production of hide and skins was estimated at 3.78 million cattle hides, 8.41 million sheep skins and 8.42 million goat skins in 2012/13. Currently 27 tanneries in Ethiopia produce all forms of hides and skins and finished leather for the domestic and export markets. Ethiopian hide and skin have good reputations in the international leather market for their unique natural substances. This raw material of the leather industry is mainly derived from local areas of the country where basic amenities for slaughtering and subsequent marketing are either not in existence or lacking. Despite the production potential of hides and skins, the leather industry are still constrained by the poor quality of raw materials, lack of an efficient market structure, a weak extension service, competition from local/rural tanning industries and a lack of price incentive for production of good quality raw material. Tanneries state that only 10 to 15% of harvested skins qualify for top grades, with the rest downgraded and rejected mainly due to deterioration of skin quality owing to skin diseases and various defects.
The feasibility of water vapor sounding of the cloudy boundary layer using a differential absorption radar technique

Abstract. The feasibility of differential absorption radar (DAR) for the spaceborne remote profiling of water vapor within the cloudy boundary layer is assessed by applying a radar instrument simulator to large eddy simulations (LES). Frequencies near the 183 GHz water vapor absorption line attenuate too strongly to penetrate the large vapor concentrations that are ubiquitous in the boundary layer. However it is shown that lower frequencies between 140 and 170 GHz in the water vapor absorption continuum and on the wings of the absorption line, which are attenuated less efficiently than those near the line center, still have sufficient spectral variation of gaseous attenuation to perform sounding. The high resolution LES allow for assessment of the potential uncertainty in the method due to natural variability in thermodynamic and dynamic variables on scales smaller than the instrument field of view. The (160, 170) GHz frequency pair is suggested to best maximize signal for vapor profiling while minimizing noise due to undesired spectral variation in the target extinction properties. Precision in the derived water vapor is quantified as a function of the range resolution and the instrument precision. Assuming an observational spatial scale of 500 m vertical and 750 m full width at half maximum (FWHM) horizontal, measurement precision better that 1 g m−3 is achievable for stratocumulus scenes and 3 g m−3 for cumulus scenes given precision in radar reflectivity of 0.16 dBZ. Expected precision in the column water vapor (CWV) is achievable between 0.5 and 2 kg m−2 on these same spatial scales. Sampling efficiency is quantified as a function of radar sensitivity. Mean biases in CWV due to natural variability in the target extinction properties do not exceed 0.25 kg m−2. Potential biases due to uncertainty in the temperature and pressure profile are negligible relative to those resulting from natural variability. Assuming a −35 dBZ minimum detectable signal, 40 %(21.9 %) of stratocumulus(cumulus) atmospheric boundary layer range bins would be sampled. Simulated surface reflectivities are always greater than −5 dBZ, which implies the DAR technique could provide near spatially continuous observation of the CWV in subtropical boundary layers at a spatial resolution better than 1 km.
Efficacy of Clove Oil, 2-Phenoxyethanol and Benzocaine on European Catfish, Silurus glanis Linnaeus, 1758

The efficacy of clove oil, 2-phenoxyethanol and benzocaine was tested on captive-bred European catfish (wels), Silurus glanis L. , 1758 in this study. According to effectiveness criteria, the most optimal implementation results were obtained from 100 μl L (induction 69.00±6.48 s and recovery 253.86±14.78 s) clove oil, 1000 μl L (induction 88.71±8.50 s and recovery 201.43±12.19 s) PE, and 100 μl L (induction 103.00±6.90 s and recovery 215.71±19.99 s) benzocaine. The concentration of anesthetics agent used directly affected the onset of each physiological respond (p<0.05). The relationship between doses and induction times was inverse exponential, in spite of that an exponential relationship was confirmed between doses and recovery times for all anesthetics. In conclusion, all these three anesthetics can be effectively used for wels.
Structure and morphology of X-ray selected AGN hosts at 1

We analyze morphologies of the host galaxies of 35 X-ray selected active galactic nucleus (AGNs) at $z\sim2$ in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field using Hubble Space Telescope/WFC3 imaging taken from the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS). We build a control sample of 350 galaxies in total, by selecting ten non-active galaxies drawn from the same field with the similar stellar mass and redshift for each AGN host. By performing two dimensional fitting with GALFIT on the surface brightness profile, we find that the distribution of S$\`e$rsic index (n) of AGN hosts does not show a statistical difference from that of the control sample. We measure the nonparametric morphological parameters (the asymmetry index A, the Gini coefficient G, the concentration index C and the M20 index) based on point source subtracted images. All the distributions of these morphological parameters of AGN hosts are consistent with those of the control sample. We finally investigate the fraction of distorted morphologies in both samples by visual classification. Only $\sim$15% of the AGN hosts have highly distorted morphologies, possibly due to a major merger or interaction. We find there is no significant difference in the distortion fractions between the AGN host sample and control sample. We conclude that the morphologies of X-ray selected AGN hosts are similar to those of nonactive galaxies and most AGN activity is not triggered by major merger.
Sensory attributes and quality of meat in improved indigenous chicken fed on Prosopis juliflora pods in Kenya

Evaluation ofthe sensory and meat quality was performed on Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO) improved chicken (KIC) fed on diets incorporated with ground Prosopis juliflora pods (GPJP. Breast and thigh samples were obtained from chicken fed on GPJPbased diets substituting whole diet at 0% (PJP-0), 10 % (PJP-10), 20% (PJP-20) and 30 % (PJP-30). Organoleptic characteristics were evaluated using questionnaires for attribute profiling and affective tests using trained and miniature consumer panels. Continuous anchored attribute scales and hedonic scale were used for sensory tests while meat quality was determined by Honikel method. Increasing the levels of GPJP had similar effect on Breast pH but PJP-20 had higher pH than cockerels offered PJP-0 and PJP-10 and pullets offered PJP-30. At 14th day, pullet meat from PJP-0 had lower water holding capacity as compared to all other samples apart from cockerel samples from the same treatment. Pullets offered PJP-0 performed better in thigh and breast. In general acceptability (GA), 6.9% and 12.33% could be attributed to the effect of GPJP in thigh and breast in pullet and cockerel samples respectively. Results indicate that cockerels’ meat had more favorable sensory effect than pullets’ meat. Inclusion of 20% of GPJP in diet could be used to feed chicken while at the same time maintaining high quality meat desired by the consumers.
Simulation of afterbody transonic flows using partially-averaged navier stokes model for turbulence

This investigation is dedicated to the elaboration of a numerical strategy to simulate accurately and at a reasonable cost the main unsteady features of high Reynolds separated §ows. Within this framework, the Partially-Averaged Navier Stokes (PANS) turbulence model has been used. In this hybrid approach, the modeled-to-resolved scale ratio (the level of physical resolution) is introduced and set explicitly in the closure model of the unresolved scales which is based on the ReynoldsAveraged Navier Stokes (RANS) paradigm. The §ow separation behind an axisymmetric afterbody has been simulated. The large-scale coherent structures are captured and the comparison of the results with wallpressure measurements shows that the §ow physics simulated is relevant. Nevertheless, these encouraging results need to be con¦rmed by deeper investigations on the model behavior and its sensitivity to physical as well as numerical parameters. This step of validation is mandatory before considering an extensive use of the approach at an industrial level. The presence of a massively separated §ow at the base part of a launcher is responsible for strong low-frequency wall-pressure §uctuations, especially during the transonic phase of §ight. This aerodynamic excitation can induce a response of the launcher and its subsystems structural modes. With the constant need of improving performance and reliability of launch vehicles, mastering unsteady ∂
Effect of oak wood heating on cognac spirit matured in new barrel: a pilot study

This study investigates the influence of different levels of wood heat treatment on the quality of a Cognac spirit using a pilot barrel model. The pilot barrels were composed of a stainless steel cylinder closed at both ends by a piece of stave. The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of wood heat treatment on Cognac in both analytical and sensory terms and to confirm the validity of the pilot barrel model. The findings give a relatively wide view of the influence on the composition of Cognac of new wood heated at different temperatures. Heating gave notes of «vanilla» and «toasted» to the spirit while excessive heating led to lower quality with the appearance of «fungus» and «dusty». The good quality of the spirits obtained validates the pilot barrel as a model for the extraction of wood compounds by spirit.
Impact of Feeding on Olive Oil with Thyme on Health Status of First Generation of Rat

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding rats on virgin olive oil (VOO) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) with or without thyme powder on health status of their first generation. Outcome of pregnancy in each group (pregnant and lactating rats fed on olive oils and thyme which randomly divided into 15 groups) were divided into 2 subgroups (male and female) and feeding a month later (till 8 weeks aged). The babies were weighted, blood was collected and scarified. Organs were removed and weighted. Biochemical assays and bone measurements were evaluated. Generally, the groups fed on VOO had a high number of babies, a low body weight and high of liver weight compared to groups fed on EVOO. Total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C and risk factor of male fed on olive oils (100%) had higher values than groups fed on olive oils (50%). Female groups showed observed that, which groups fed on olive oils (100%) had higher of TC, LDL-C and risk factor than groups fed on (50%). Creatinine and urea were increased in male rats fed on olive oils while decreased in the female rats compared to control group. Male groups fed on VOO and thyme were higher of AST, ALT and ALP than groups fed on EVOO. Concerning female babies, there are a high differences between groups. In groups (male and female) were high levels of Ca and P content of bone were observed in rats fed on VOO and thyme leaves powder compared to groups fed on EVOO and thyme powder diets. In conclusion, the feeding on olive oils (VOO and EVOO) with or without thyme leaves powder diets caused to increasing of fertility, improved lipid profile and increasing Ca and P of bone contents.