Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pseudoflavitalea rhizosphaerae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere of tomato, and proposal to reclassify Flavitalea soli as Pseudoflavitalea soli comb. nov.

A bacterial strain, designated T16R-265T, was isolated from rhizosphere of tomato in Buyeo-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-flagellated and rod- or long-rod-shaped. It grew at the range of 10-40 °C (optimum 28-30 °C), pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and with 0-3 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain T16R-265T had the highest sequence similarity (98.0 %) with Flavitalea soli KIS20-3T and low sequence similarities of below 95 % with all other taxa. The phylogenetic tree revealed that the strain formed a robust monophyletic line with Flavitalea soli KIS20-3T separable from other clades. The predominant quinone of strain T16R-265T was MK-7, the polar lipids consisted of large amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine and an unknown lipid, and the major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 1 G. DNA-DNA hybridization values with Flavitalea soli KACC 17319T were below 70 %. The DNA G+C content of strain T16R-265T is 46.2 mol%. Based on phylogenetic evidence and the results of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain T16R-265T represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Pseudoflavitalea rhizosphaerae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is T16R-265T (=KACC 18655T=NBRC 111880T). We also propose the reclassification of Flavitalea soli as Pseudoflavitalea soli comb. nov. (type strain KIS20-3T=KACC 17319T=JCM 19937T).
Vitamin D and cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

CONTEXT Several studies found association between vitamin D levels and hypertension, coronary artery calcification, and heart disease. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to summarize the evidence on the effect of vitamin D on cardiovascular outcomes. DESIGN AND METHODS We searched electronic databases from inception through August 2010 for randomized trials. Reviewers working in duplicate and independently extracted study characteristics, quality, and the outcomes of interest. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool the relative risks (RR) and the weighted mean differences across trials. RESULTS We found 51 eligible trials with moderate quality. Vitamin D was associated with nonsignificant effects on the patient-important outcomes of death [RR, 0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.93, 1.00; P = 0.08], myocardial infarction (RR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.93, 1.13; P = 0.64), and stroke (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.88, 1.25; P = 0.59). These analyses were associated with minimal heterogeneity. There were no significant changes in the surrogate outcomes of lipid fractions, glucose, or diastolic or systolic blood pressure. The latter analyses were associated with significant heterogeneity, and the pooled estimates were trivial in absolute terms. CONCLUSIONS Trial data available to date are unable to demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in mortality and cardiovascular risk associated with vitamin D. The quality of the available evidence is low to moderate at best.
Tumor associated antigens or anti-TAA autoantibodies as biomarkers in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Objective: This systematic review aims to outline and summarize known tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) or anti-TAA autoantibodies and their diagnostic values in ovarian cancer (OC). Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in two databases. Data were independently extracted and reviewed by two junior investigators and the disagreement was further resolved by consulting one of the senior investigators. Results: Sixty publications reporting 113 different TAAs or anti-TAA autoantibodies were included. The majority of the studies were conducted in western countries. CA125, p53 and HE4 were the most frequently tested TAAs in OC. Meta-analysis showed that there was a significant association between serum anti-p53 autoantibody and increased risk of OC. Conclusion: Serum TAAs or anti-TAA autoantibodies are promising diagnostic biomarkers in the detection of OC. A customized mini-array of multiple TAAs may enhance the detection of anti-TAA autoantibodies in OC. Additional studies with sufficient number of OC patients and carefully selected controls are needed to further verify the results.
Higher SOD1 Gene Expression in Cumulus Cells From Infertile Women With Moderate and Severe Endometriosis

It is questioned whether worsening of oocyte quality and oxidative stress (OS) are involved in the pathogenesis of infertility related to endometriosis and in compromised intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. Cumulus cells (CCs) protect oocytes from entering apoptosis induced by OS. Thus, we carried out a case–control study comparing expression of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4; genes encoding for the main antioxidant enzymes) in CCs from mature oocytes of 26 infertile patients with minimal/mild endometriosis, 14 patients with moderate/severe endometriosis, and 41 controls undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation for ICSI, using real-time polymerase chain reaction. As a secondary objective, we investigated the interaction between the expression of these genes and clinical pregnancy (CP) by a statistical model. Only infertile women with moderate/severe endometriosis showed increased expression of the SOD1 in CCs compared to women with minimal/mild endometriosis and controls, with a positive interaction between increased expression and the occurrence of CP, suggesting that SOD1 might be a potential biomarker of CP following ICSI.
Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of fleroxacin after single and multiple 400- and 800-mg-dosage regimens

The pharmacokinetics and suction-induced blister fluid penetration of fleroxacin following single and multiple (every 24 h for 5 days) oral administration of 400- and 800-mg-dosage regimens were studied in 12 young male volunteers. Plasma and urine samples up to 72 h were assayed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The peak levels of fleroxacin in plasma were significantly higher after multiple dosing of 800 mg (14.3 versus 8.2 micrograms/ml; P less than 0.01) but not after the last 400-mg dose (6.7 versus 5.0 micrograms/ml). Increased elimination half-life occurred after multiple dosing of 800 mg, from 13.45 +/- 2.94 to 15.60 +/- 3.16 h (P less than 0.05). Mean peak concentrations in blister fluid were significantly different when the first (3.7 +/- 0.8 and 7.7 +/- 1.8 micrograms/ml for 400 and 800 mg, respectively) and last (5.7 +/- 0.9 and 12.3 +/- 2.1 micrograms/ml for 400 and 800 mg, respectively) doses were compared (P less than 0.01). The percentage of blister fluid (BF) penetration (AUCBF/AUCplasma, where AUC is area under the concentration-time curve) yielded values greater than 100% (range, 113.7 to 132.6%). After multiple administration of 800 mg, fleroxacin was cleared from the body more slowly: from 98.80 ml/min after a single dose to 77.72 ml/min following 800 mg every 24 h (P less than 0.01). Saturation of apparent nonrenal clearance is suggested to explain this difference. Fleroxacin was well tolerated by the volunteers.
Lactation accommodation in the workplace and duration of exclusive breastfeeding.

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to assess current lactation accommodations in a workplace environment and to examine the association between the different dimensions of support and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. METHODS A survey was conducted with employees of a higher-education institution and clients of an obstetric hospital in New Jersey. Factor analysis identified dimensions of workplace support. The dimensions were correlated with the duration of exclusive breastfeeding using Pearson's r correlation analysis. RESULTS One hundred and thirteen working mothers participated in the study. The mean (SD) number of working hours of the participants was 34.3 (2.8) hours per week. Participants were primarily white (89.4%), older (mean age, 33.8 [6.0] years), highly educated (>82% above college graduate), and married (92%). Participants indicated that in their workplaces, breastfeeding was not common, breast pumps were not available, and on-site day care was not always an option. The analysis identified 4 dimensions of breastfeeding accommodation: break time, workplace environment, technical support, and workplace policy. Technical support (r = 0.71, P = .01) and workplace environment (r = 0.26, P = .01) were significantly associated with the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. DISCUSSION Employers can strengthen technical support and workplace environment to encourage breastfeeding continuation in working mothers. New federal laws should consider specific guidelines for minimum requirements for functional lactation support to achieve comprehensive breastfeeding benefits.
Compensation method and external actions

The influence of external actions (intensive external disturbance) on the operation of a complicated structure of radiators is considered. As an example, the impact of approaching of metallic objects to an antenna system with minimal irradiation on user's body is analyzed. In order to counteract the disturbance of the system operation due to presence of different metallic objects in close proximity to the radiators, two methods based on two information sources, namely antennas driving currents and antennas fields at a given point, are studied. It is shown that under conditions of severe external actions the second method based on the measurement of the fields demonstrates a higher efficiency. A block scheme for automatic structure adjustment is suggested.
Transcription factor ANAC032 modulates JA/SA signalling in response to Pseudomonas syringae infection

Responses to pathogens, including host transcriptional reprogramming, require partially antagonistic signalling pathways dependent on the phytohormones salicylic (SA) and jasmonic (JA) acids. However, upstream factors modulating the interplay of these pathways are not well characterized. Here, we identify the transcription factor ANAC032 from Arabidopsis thaliana as one such regulator in response to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst). ANAC032 directly represses MYC2 activation upon Pst attack, resulting in blockage of coronatine‐mediated stomatal reopening which restricts entry of bacteria into plant tissue. Furthermore, ANAC032 activates SA signalling by repressing NIMIN1, a key negative regulator of SA‐dependent defence. Finally, ANAC032 reduces expression of JA‐responsive genes, including PDF1.2A. Thus, ANAC032 enhances resistance to Pst by generating an orchestrated transcriptional output towards key SA‐ and JA‐signalling genes coordinated through direct binding of ANAC032 to the MYC2, NIMIN1 and PDF1.2A promoters.
Recording of drug allergies: are we doing enough?

OBJECTIVE To assess the implementation of local and national guidelines concerning documentation of drug/clinical hypersensitivities. DESIGN Audit with retrospective and prospective components used to assess the process of drug hypersensitivity documentation. PATIENTS Fifty surgical inpatients' notes were retrospectively analysed followed by 63 patients prospectively. SETTING West London teaching hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Drug hypersensitivity status correctly indicated on clinical notes, drug 'Kardex' charts, and anaesthetic records; these three documents were to concur. Hypersensitivities qualified according to symptoms experienced. RECOMMENDATIONS Standardization of preoperative clinical notes and multidisciplinary responsibility for records between doctor, nurse and pharmacist. RESULTS Hypersensitivity documentation in clinical notes improved by 7% after the introduction of a formalized history sheet for preoperative clinics. These were based upon the anaesthetic charts, which had demonstrated 100% documentation previously. Considerable improvements (70.8%) in the clarification of adverse reaction symptoms post recommendation were shown; this was also attributed to the new history sheet. Concurrence improved by 2%. CONCLUSIONS The original study revealed areas for improvement and provided part of the solution--a more standardized preoperative assessment tool. Multidisciplinary cooperation in addition to formalizing the assessment process has led to a more efficient and safer service for patient and medicolegally for health care professionals. KEY MESSAGES (1) Standardized forms, for the recording of clinical information preoperatively, ensure relevant guidelines are implemented in practice. (2) Multidisciplinary teams provide a vital safety net for their patients and colleagues.
Solution conformation of the (+)-trans-anti-[BPh]dA adduct opposite dT in a DNA duplex: intercalation of the covalently attached benzo[c]phenanthrene to the 5'-side of the adduct site without disruption of the modified base pair.

Benzo[c]phenanthrene diol epoxide can covalently bind to the exocyclic amino group of deoxyadenosine to generate [BPh]dA adducts where the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is attached to the major groove edge of DNA. This paper reports on NMR-energy minimization structural studies of the (+)-trans-anti-[BPh]dA adduct positioned opposite dT in the sequence context d(C5-[BPh]A6-C7). d-(G16-T17-G18) at the 11-mer duplex level. The exchangeable and nonexchangeable protons of the benzo[c]phenanthrenyl moiety and the nucleic acid were assigned following analysis of two-dimensional NMR data sets in H2O and D2O solution. The solution structure of the (+)-trans-anti-[BPh]dA.dT 11-mer duplex has been determined by incorporating intramolecular and intermolecular proton-proton distances defined by upper and lower bounds deduced from NOESY data sets as restraints in energy minimization computations. The covalently attached benzo[c]phenanthrene ring intercalates to the 5'-side of the [BPh]-dA6 lesion site without disruption of the flanking Watson-Crick dC5.dG18 and [BPh]dA6.dT17 base pairs. The observed buckling of the intercalation cavity reflects the selective overlap of the intercalated phenanthrenyl ring with dT17 and dG18 bases on the unmodified strand. The structure provides new insights into how a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon covalently attached to the major groove edge of deoxyadenosine can still unidirectionally intercalate into the helix without disruption of the modified base pair. Our study establishes that among the contributing factors are a propeller-twisted [BPh]dA6.dT17 base pair, displacement of the carcinogen-DNA linkage bond from the plane of the dA6 base, the specific pucker adopted by the benzylic ring, and the propeller-like nonplanar geometry for the aromatic phenanthrenyl ring system. Our combined experimental-computational studies to date have now identified three structural motifs adopted by covalent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adducts with their distribution determined by the chiral characteristics of individual stereoisomers and by whether the covalent adducts are generated at the minor or the major groove edge of the helix.
Do antidepressants have any potential to cause addiction?

Addiction/dependence is a syndrome in which the hallmark is a compulsive pattern of drug use. Most authorities do not regard antidepressants as causing addiction but this has been challenged. This debate is explored drawing on case reports and related clinical and pharmacological data. An extensive literature review identified 21 English language case reports of antidepressant addiction (DSM-IV `substance dependence' criteria) published since 1963. Sixteen involved tranylcypromine or amineptine and may reflect their dopaminergic and stimulant properties. Subject characteristics included male sex (14/21), personality problems (10/21) and prior substance misuse (14/21). Withdrawal or discontinuation symptoms have long been recognized with antidepressants but other features of addiction such as tolerance and compulsive use are exceptionally rare. Common clinical problems are patients taking subtherapeutic dosages and prematurely stopping antidepressants. The pharmacodynamic profiles of most antidepressants and the absence of acute `desirable' effects make addiction theoretically unlikely. It is concluded that, with the exception of tranylcypromine and amineptine, antidepressants do not have a clinically significant liability to cause addiction. Tranylcypromine and amineptine should be avoided in those with a history of substance misuse. Patients prescribed other antidepressants should be told that they are not addictive.
Interleukin‐6 polymorphism and bronchopulmonary dysplasia risk in very low‐birthweight infants

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of interleukin (IL)‐6‐634 polymorphism in neonatal disorders such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) in very low‐birthweight (VLBW) infants.
Velocity and flow quantitation in the superior sagittal sinus with ungated and cine (gated) phase‐contrast MR imaging

Normal blood flow and velocity in the superior sagittal sinus were measured in 30 patients. A fast two‐dimensional ungated phase‐contrast (PC) pulse sequence was compared with a peripherally gated cine PC technique for velocity and flow quantitation. The same imaging parameters were used for both methods. Measured values for mean velocity and flow obtained with the two methods were compared by using regression analysis and t testing. For blood flow, the correlation coefficient was 0.976. For velocity measurements, r was 0.950. Mean flow was 285 mL/min ± 19 with the ungated PC method and 281 mL/min ± 19 with the cine PC method. The mean velocities measured with the two methods were 12.94 cm/sec ± 1.1 and 13.59 cm/sec ± 1.1, respectively. There was no significant difference (paired t test) between the methods for mean flow or velocity data. This was true even though flow in the superior sagittal sinus is moderately pulsatile, as shown with the cine PC technique. The ungated PC method provided these data in 13 seconds versus 3.5 minutes for the cine PC method.
Physiologic variations in dural venous sinus flow on phase-contrast MR imaging.

OBJECTIVE Our study quantifies normal physiologic variations of dural sinus flow using phase-contrast MR imaging. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Fifteen volunteers were imaged using nontriggered and triggered phase-contrast MR venography of the superior sagittal and transverse sinuses. Triggered scans were obtained during regular breathing; nontriggered scans were obtained during regular breathing, breath-holding, deep inspiratory breath-holding, and deep expiratory breath-holding. Analysis of variance, Bonferroni method, and Dunn post hoc analysis were used to determine any significant differences in the mean flow and velocity between the different breathing maneuvers. A paired t test was used to compare flow between sinuses during regular breathing. RESULTS Deep inspiratory breath-holding and deep expiratory breath-holding resulted in a significant decrease in blood flow and velocity in all dural sinuses compared with regular breathing. During deep inspiratory breath-holding, blood flow decreased 30.8% in the superior sagittal sinus, 19.7% in the left transverse sinus, and 19.1% in the right transverse sinus. Similarly, during deep expiratory breath-holding, blood flow decreased 30.2% in the superior sagittal sinus, 20.8% in the left transverse sinus, and 20.3% in the right transverse sinus. The sum of the flow in the transverse sinuses was significantly greater than in the sagittal sinus. Normal pulsatility of dural sinus blood velocity was also characterized for all measured sinuses. CONCLUSION Characterization of variations in dural sinus velocity and flow as a function of the cardiac cycle and breathing maneuvers, using phase-contrast MR imaging, may help separate physiologic from pathologic changes of flow resulting from conditions that influence the cerebrovascular circulation.
Relationship between leadership styles and dimensions of employee organizational commitment: a critical review and discussion of future directions

Purpose: The aim of this work is the study and the discussion of the relationship between leadership styles and organizational commitment dimensions. Both styles of leadership known as transformational and transactional styles differ in the process by which the leader motivates his subordinates. Organizational commitment defined by its three types (Affective, Normative and Continuance) measures the strength of an individual identification with and involvement in the organization.
Autoimmune NZB/NZW F1 mice utilize B cell receptor editing for generating high‐affinity anti‐dsDNA autoantibodies from low‐affinity precursors

We have previously constructed knock‐in (C57BL/6×BALB/c) F1 mice, each expressing an anti‐DNA heavy (H) chain (D42), combined with one of three different light (L) chains, namely Vκ1‐Jκ1, Vκ4‐Jκ4 or Vκ8‐Jκ5. All of these H/L chain combinations bind DNA with similar affinity and fine specificity. However, while mice carrying Vκ1‐Jκ1‐transgenic L chain were tolerized almost exclusively by L chain receptor editing, the mice expressing Vκ8‐Jκ5 L chains utilized clonal anergy as their principal mechanism of B cell tolerance. Vκ4‐Jκ4 targeted mice exhibited an intermediate phenotype. In the present study, these three H/L chain combinations were backcrossed onto the autoimmune NZB/NZW F1 mice. We find that the mechanism of clonal anergy is abrogated in these mice, but that receptor editing is maintained. Moreover, diseased NZB/NZW mice utilize L chain secondary rearrangements for the generation of high‐affinity, anti‐dsDNA‐producing B cells from low‐affinity precursors. The edited B cell clones are not deleted or anergized in the autoimmune animal; rather they are selected for activation, class‐switching and affinity maturation by somatic mutation. These results suggest that B cell receptor editing plays an important role not only in tolerance induction, but also in generating high‐affinity autoreactive B cells in autoimmune diseases.
Assessing demand by urban consumers for plug-in electric vehicles under future cost and technological scenarios

ABSTRACT Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) are not currently being sold in the United States at rates sufficient to meet the stated goals of vehicle manufacturers or the federal government. Although touted as able to help mitigate a range of public problems—including climate change, oil insecurity, and urban air pollution—PEVs face numerous barriers to commercialization. Research and development activities are under way that may overcome some of the key disadvantages of the current generation of PEVs. This analysis employs a survey-based discrete-choice exercise with 961 potential new vehicle purchasers in large US cities to assess how consumer demand might change with various breakthroughs in PEV technology. Respondents are presented with different price and technology scenarios and are asked to choose which of four powertrains they are most likely to purchase: a gasoline vehicle, a conventional hybrid, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), or a battery electric vehicle (BEV). A multinomial logit is used to assess the relative impact that improvements in different attributes have on demand for each vehicle powertrain. When vehicles were presented with their current attributes, the conventional hybrid is the favored option. Under the breakthrough technology scenario that brings all vehicle powertrains into parity with gasoline vehicles along dimensions of cost, driving range, and recharging times, 44% of respondents state intent to purchase a BEV, which makes it the most frequently selected option. Public policy implications are discussed.