Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rhodes, James M. and Mason, Barry S. and Perrat, Bertrand and Smith, Martin and Goosey-Tolfrey, Victoria L. (2014) The validity and reliability of a novel indoor player tracking system for use within wheelchair court

The aim of the current study was to investigate the validity and reliability of a radiofrequency based system for accurately tracking athlete movement within the wheelchair court sports. Four wheelchair specific tests were devised to assess the system during i) static measurements ii) incremental fixed speeds iii) peak speeds, and iv) multi-directional movements. During each test, three sampling frequencies (4, 8 & 16 Hz) were compared to a criterion method for distance, mean and peak speeds. Absolute static error remained between 0.19-0.32 m across the session. Distance values (test ii) showed greatest relative error in 4 Hz tags (1.3%), with significantly lower errors seen in higher frequency tags (< 1.0%). Relative peak speed errors of < 2.0% (test iii) were revealed across all sampling frequencies in relation to the criterion (4.00 ± 0.09 m·sˉ1). Results showed 8 and 16 Hz sampling frequencies displayed the closest to criterion values, whilst intra-tag reliability never exceeded 2.0% coefficient of variation (% CV) during peak speed detection. Minimal relative distance errors (< 0.2%) were also seen across sampling frequencies (test iv). To conclude, the indoor tracking system is deemed an acceptable tool for tracking wheelchair court match-play using a tag frequency of 8 or 16 Hz.
Cosmic Supernova Rates and the Hubble Sequence

We compute the Type Ia, Ib/c, and II supernova (SN) rates as functions of the cosmic time for galaxies of different morphological types. We use four different chemical evolution models, each one reproducing the features of a particular morphological type: E/S0, S0a/b, Sbc/d, and Irr galaxies. We essentially describe the Hubble sequence by means of decreasing efficiency of star formation and increasing infall timescale. These models are used to study the evolution of the SN rates per unit luminosity and per unit mass as functions of cosmic time and as functions of the Hubble type. Our results indicate that (1) the observed increase of the SN rate per unit luminosity and unit mass from early to late galaxy types is accounted for by our models. Our explanation of this effect is related to the fact that the latest Hubble types have the highest star formation rate per unit mass. (2) By adopting a Scalo initial mass function in spiral disks, we find that massive (i.e., with initial mass >25 M☉) single stars ending their lives as Wolf-Rayet objects are not sufficient to account for the observed Type Ib/c SN rate per unit mass. Less massive stars (i.e., with initial masses 12 < M/M☉ < 20) in close binary systems can give instead a significant contribution to the local Ib/c SN rates. On the other hand, with the assumption of a Salpeter IMF for all galaxy types, single massive W-R stars are sufficient to account for the observed Type Ib/c SN rate. (3) Our models allow us to reproduce the observed Type Ia SN rate density up to redshift z ~ 1. At higher redshifts, our rates are higher than the few available data. In particular, we predict an increasing Type Ia SN rate density with redshift, reaching a peak at redshift z ≥ 3, because of the contribution of massive spheroids. (4) At z = 0, we reproduce the observed core-collapse (CC) SN rate density. Because of the few available observations, no firm conclusion can be drawn about the behavior of the CC SN rate at redshift z > 0.
Regularity theory for parabolic nonlinear integral operators

Received by the editors March 8, 2010 and, in revised form, August 2, 2010, October 26, 2010, and December 17, 2010. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 35B65, 45G05, 47G10.
Casimir scaling of SU ( 3 ) static potentials

Potentials between static color sources in eight different representations are computed in four dimensional $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ gauge theory. The simulations have been performed with the Wilson action on anisotropic lattices where the renormalized anisotropies have been determined nonperturbatively. After an extrapolation to the continuum limit we are able to exclude any violations of the Casimir scaling hypothesis that exceed 5% for source separations of up to 1 fm.
Demographic dynamism and metropolitan change: Comparing Los Angeles

Abstract The fluid dimensions of demographic status—age, career progression over time, geographic redistribution, and growing duration of residence—have not been sufficiently recognized in urban theory and policy. Demographic dynamism deserves special attention because it is through the presumed consequences for people that we judge the desirability of economic, political, and physical changes in a city. To explore the magnitude and significance of these issues, population dynamics and associated poverty and homeownership trends in four major metropolitan regions are compared. Los Angeles may be changing more rapidly, but its dynamics only accentuate trends under way elsewhere. Rising proportions of the population that are neither in the white “majority” nor black “minority,” the low proportion of longtime residents, and the new challenge of immigration call into question fundamental assumptions about links between people and urban policy. The meaning of both poverty trends and homeownership attainments m.
Recognizing human touching behaviors using a haptic interface for a pet-robot

This paper presents the preliminary results of classifying human touching behaviors using a haptic interface for a pet-like robot. The haptic interface uses gridded pressure-sensitive conductive ink sheets. Features of the measured pressure data are determined for classification in terms of 1) absolute values, 2) spatial distributions and 3) the temporal differences in measured pressure patterns. Touching behaviors include "slap," "pat," "stroke" and so forth. The experimental results show that a reliable classification of these touching patterns can be accomplished by using the sensor sheet and pressure features. The results of classification can be used as reward signals for reinforcement learning in controlling the behaviors of a pet-like robot that interacts with humans.
STRATEGIES OF RHYTHM PERCEPTION IN DEVELOPMENTAL DYSLEXIA

The perception of short time intervals (>1Hz) plays an important role in coping with rhythm exercises prevalent throughout the course of music education. Developmental dyslexia is associated with rhythmic difficulties, including impaired perception of beat patterns. Previous research suggests the existence of two different rhythm perception strategies: interval or entrainment-based. The aim of this research was to determine whether difficulties with rhythm tasks experienced by dyslexic children are connected with a preference for a specific rhythm perception strategy. Non-dyslexic (N=61) and dyslexic (N=48) groups were recruited for the study. To assess rhythm perception strategies, we used an experimental procedure developed by McAuley and colleagues. This method involves listening to the sequences of rhythmically presented tones with the last tone shifted forwards or backwards in time. The participants were asked to judge if the presented sequences felt like ‘slowing down’ or ‘speeding up’. Our data supports the view that entrainment-based strategies are atypical in dyslexia. These results are discussed in the context of a more general model of potential relationships between types of rhythm perception and improved language and literacy skills. The results of this research provided evidence that individual differences in rhythm perception strategies are not determined by dyslexia. Future research in this area is recommended, in order to explore other potential explanations for the existence of individual differences in perceiving rhythm.
Habitat and Predation Effects on Seedling Survival and Growth in Shade‐Tolerant Tropical Trees

The diversity of trees in the forest canopy depends on the successful recruitment of seedlings into the canopy. Tree species that become established as seedlings beneath an undisturbed canopy have been termed "shade-tolerant" (Canham 1989) or "climax" species (Swaine and Whitmore 1988). This is in contrast to "pioneer" species, which can germinate or establish only in the high light conditions of large canopy openings (Swaine and Whitmore 1988). In shade-tolerant species, survival may depend more on biotic factors than on abiotic factors. Therefore, susceptibility to predation can be more important than differences in habitat for determining the survival of these species. In the present study we compare the survival of seedlings in tree-fall gaps and in closed forest understory sites for three shade-tolerant tropical tree species. We also assess the importance of mammalian predation and determine how it varies among species and among habitats. Finally, we analyze the relationship between seedling growth rates and their susceptibility to predation.
Dispersive hydrodynamics of nonlinear polarization waves in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

We study one dimensional mixtures of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates in the limit where the intra-species and inter-species interaction constants are very close. Near the mixing-demixing transition the polarization and the density dynamics decouple. We study the nonlinear polarization waves, show that they obey a universal (i.e., parameter free) dynamical description, identify a new type of algebraic soliton, explicitly write simple wave solutions, and study the Gurevich-Pitaevskii problem in this context.
Spitzer’s View of the Candidate Cluster and Protocluster Catalog (CCPC)

The Candidate Cluster and Protocluster Catalog contains 218 galaxy overdensities composed of more than 2000 galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts spanning the first few Gyr after the Big Bang (2.0 ≤ z < 6.6). We use Spitzer archival data to track the underlying stellar mass of these overdense regions in various temporal cross sections by building rest-frame near-infrared luminosity functions (LFs) across the span of redshifts. This exercise maps the stellar growth of protocluster galaxies, as halos in the densest environments should be the most massive from hierarchical accretion. The characteristic apparent magnitude, m*(z), is relatively flat from 2.0 ≤ z < 6.6, consistent with a passive evolution of an old stellar population. This trend maps smoothly to lower redshift results of cluster galaxies from other works. We find no difference in the LFs of galaxies in the field versus protoclusters at a given redshift apart from their density.
Structurally stable configurations of lines of mean curvature and umbilic points on surfaces immersed in R3

In this paper we study the pairs of orthogonal foliations on oriented surfaces immersed in R3 whose singularities and leaves are, respectively, the umbilic points and the lines of normal mean curvature of the immersion. Along these lines the immersions bend in R3 according to their normal mean curvature. By analogy with the closely related Principal Curvature Configurations studied in [S-G], [GS2], whose lines produce the extremal normal curvature for the immersion, the pair of foliations by lines of normal mean curvature and umbilics, assembled together, are called Mean Curvature Configurations. This paper studies the stable and generic cases of umbilic points and mean curvature cycles, with their Poincare map. This provides two of the essential local ingredients to establish sufficient conditions for mean curvature structural stability, the analog of principal curvature structural stability, [S-G], [GS2].
Ex vivo and in vivo study of Kowa HA-2 applanation tonometer in the measurement of intraocular pressure in dogs Estudo ex vivo e in vivo

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the Kowa HA-2 applanation tonometer in measuring intraocular pressure (IOP) in dogs. Twenty eyes were used in an ex vivo study in which the calibration curve for manometry vs. tonometry was determined by artificially raising the IOP in 5 mmHg increments up to 60 mmHg (10-60 mmHg). Both eyes of 10 anesthetized dogs were studied in vivo to compare manometry vs. tonometry. In the ambulatory study, 168 healthy eyes, 74 eyes with glaucoma and 60 eyes with uveitis were evaluated by tonometry, which was performed with topical anesthesia and 1% fluorescein eye drops for the formation of fluorescein semicircles. The ex vivo study showed an excellent correlation coefficient (r2= 0.993) between the aneroid manometer and the Kowa HA-2 tonometer. In the in vivo study, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the IOP values by manometry and tonometry, showing the excellent accuracy of the Kowa HA-2 tonometer. In the ambulatory study using the Kowa HA-2 tonometer, the IOP values (mean±SD, in mmHg) were 15.1±1.8 (12.0 – 20.0) for the healthy eyes, 25.2±4.0 (20.0 – 38.0) for glaucomatous eyes and 10.1±2.3 (5.0 – 13.7) for eyes with uveitis. There was a strong correlation between the IOP values obtained by direct ocular manometry and those from the Kowa HA-2 tonometer. In the ambulatory study, the IOP values measured by the tonometer were compatible for healthy eyes and for eyes with glaucoma or uveitis. We conclude that Kowa HA-2 applanation tonometer is accurate and practical for IOP measurement in dogs.
Contrast and Congruence Effects in Affective Priming of Words and Melodies

We examined possible congruence and contrast effects during affective priming of linguistic and musical stimuli. In Experiment 1, when two words were presented auditorily, participants judged the affective content of the second item (happy or sad) faster when the affects matched (congruency), as expected. In Experiment 2, however, a contrast effect was observed with melodies, with slower responses in the matched conditions. In Experiment 3, two words, two melodies, or one of each were presented. A congruency effect was observed when the target was a musical stimulus (regardless of the prime type) but a contrast effect was observed when the target was a linguistic stimulus (again, regardless of the prime type). The results show that affective properties can influence the priming in both music and language. However, such priming is sensitive to the type of task, and strategic/expectancy effects play a large role when stimulus types are mixed.
Wave damping by a thin layer of viscous fluid

The rate of damping of surface gravity–capillary waves is investigated, in a system which consists of a thin layer of a Newtonian viscous fluid of thickness d floating on a Newtonian fluid of infinite depth. The surface and interfacial tensions, elasticities and viscosities are taken into account. In particular, an approximate dispersion relation is derived for the case where kd and (ω/ν+)1/2d are both small, where k is the wavenumber, ω is the angular frequency and ν+ is the kinematic viscosity of the upper fluid. If d→0 while ν+d remains finite, published dispersion relations for viscoelastic surface films of extremely small (e.g., monomolecular) thickness are reproduced, if we add the surface and interfacial tensions, elasticities and viscosities together, and then add an additional 4ρ+ν+d to the surface viscosity, where ρ+ is the density of the upper fluid. A simple approximation is derived for the damping rate and associated frequency shift when their magnitudes are both small. An example is given of.
Assessment of Blood Pressure Control among Hypertensive Patients in Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Hypertension is a major global concern and public health problem affecting more than one billion individuals worldwide. It is risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The main objective of this study was to determine the prescription pattern of antihypertensive medications among patients on follow-up at cardiac clinic of Zewditu Memorial Hospital.Method: A cross-sectional retrospective study design was used to collect the data from the patient chart by reviewing the hypertension patient’s medical record.Result: Out of the 356 patient cards reviewed, 204 (57.3%) were for females and with the mean age of 56.2 ± 12.4 years. Among total study participants, 124 (34.8%) had co-morbid conditions. Majority of the patients were on combination therapy 252 (70.8%). Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), 215 (60.4%) was the most prescribed drug. Blood pressure was controlled in 107 (30.1%) of patients. About 140 (39.3%) and 134 (37.6%) hypertensive patients were appropriately prescribed according to national guideline 2014 and Joint National Committee (JNC 8) guideline, respectively. The result of the multivariate analysis showed that there was a positive statistically significant association between inappropriate prescription pattern of antihypertensive medications with age ≥ 60 years (P=0.01) and uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) (P=0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, the general use of antihypertensive medications seemed not to be in accordance with the Ethiopia national guideline.
Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the Disk and Jet of HH 30

HH 30 in Taurus has been imaged with the Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2. The images show in reflected light a flared disk with a radius of about 250 AU that obscures the protostar. The disk resembles detailed accretion disk models that constrain its density distribution and show that its inclination is less than 10°. There are bipolar emission-line jets perpendicular to the disk, a very clear demonstration of the standard paradigm for accretion disk and jet systems. However, asymmetries in the light distribution show that the disk has not completely settled into a quasi-equilibrium accretion state, or that some of the observed scattering is from an asymmetric envelope. The emission-line jet itself is resolved into a number of knots with typical lengths and separations of 0. ″4, much smaller and more numerous than indicated by lower resolution ground-based studies. There are indications of still finer structures in the jet all the way to the resolution limit of 0. ″1. The knots have proper motions ranging from 100 to 300 km s–1 and are therefore generated at the surprisingly high rate of about 0.4 knots per jet per year. The jet appears to be collimated within a cone of opening angle 3° and can be seen to within 30 AU of the star.Both single- and multiple-scattering disk models have a range of possible solutions, but by requiring pressure support and temperature equilibrium, a self-consistent model emerges. There is evidence for pressure support because the disk appears to have a Gaussian height profile. The temperature at each point in the disk is determined by the disk geometry, which in turn fixes the temperature in a self-consistent manner. The extinction to the protostar is unknown but constrained to be greater than 24 mag. The optical properties of the scattering grains in the disk are determined and found to imply a large scattering asymmetry, but they seem to follow the interstellar reddening law. The absolute magnitude and colors of the unseen protostar, which has a brightness in the I bandpass of about 0.16 times solar and is very red, are obtained. The disk mass is about 0.006 times solar and has an expected lifetime of about 105 yr.
The Impact of Advertising, Sales Promotion and Sponsorship Programs on Brand Equity: A Case Study among Customers in Samsung Products in Tehran

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of advertising, sales promotion and sponsorship programs (selected elements of marketing communications) on brand equity. Since marketing communications play major role in creating value for different brands and also advertising, sales promotion and sponsorship are three important and costly activities in marketing, it is very important to manage these activities. Theoretical and conceptual model of this study have been taken from the Buil model. The research is considered applied according to the type of purpose, and is descriptive - survey of classified sampling according to the type of data collected, and is considered causal research because of examining the causal relationships between variables. Library and field methods of data collection were used , and for this purpose a questionnaire with 38 questions with five- option Likert scale was used as a research tool. The infinite population of this study were the customers of Samsung products in Tehran and the sample size was 500 according to Cochran's formula. In order to analyze the survey data, descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. Kolmogorov - Smirnov test was used to determine the normal distribution of the sample, and Pearson correlation test, T -test and bivariate regression were used for testing the research hypotheses. The result of the test of this hypothesis suggests that advertising, sales promotion and sponsorship programs have a direct impact on brand equity. According to the results, the suggestions for strengthening these elements are presented.
DECIDING THE DIMENSION OF EFFECTIVE DIMENSION REDUCTION SPACE FOR FUNCTIONAL AND HIGH-DIMENSIONAL DATA

In this paper, we consider regression models with a Hilbert-space-valued predictor and a scalar response, where the response depends on the predictor only through a finite number of projections. The linear subspace spanned by these projections is called the effective dimension reduction (EDR) space. To determine the dimensionality of the EDR space, we focus on the leading principal component scores of the predictor, and propose two sequential χ 2 testing procedures under the assumption that the predictor has an elliptically contoured distribution. We further extend these procedures and introduce a test that simultaneously takes into account a large number of principal component scores. The proposed procedures are supported by theory, validated by simulation studies, and illustrated by a real-data example. Our methods and theory are applicable to functional data and high-dimensional multivariate data.
Polynomial approximations of functions with endpoint singularities and product integration formulas

Several problems of mathematical physics lead to Fredholm integral equations of the second kind where the kernels are either weakly or strongly sin- gular and the known terms are smooth. These equations have solutions which are smooth in the whole interval of integration except at the endpoints where they have mild singularities. In this paper we derive new pointwise and uniform polynomial approximation error estimates for that type of function. These esti- mates are then used to obtain bounds for the remainder terms of interpolatory product rules, based on the zeros of classical Jacobi orthogonal polynomials, that have been proposed for the discretization of integrals of the form / k(x,y)f(x)dx, appearing in the integral equations mentioned above.