Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sleep Medicine Knowledge among Medical Students in Seven Egyptian Medical Faculties

Introduction: Egyptian medical education system awards students the bachelor degree of medicine after six academic years and a rotating house-officer year. There are no structured sleep educative programs in Egypt. Aim of work: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of Egyptian final year medical students and houseofficers about normal sleep and sleep disorders. Subjects and methods: Medical schools distributed throughout Egypt were surveyed asking sixth year medical students (males and females) and house-officers to participate. Seven faculties of medicine were selected. To screen for knowledge on normal sleep and sleep disorders, the Assessment of Sleep Knowledge in Medical Education Survey was used; the participants were classified to low scorers versus high scorers depending upon their ability to answer 60% of the questions correctly. The participants were separated into comparative groups (males vs. females). 6th year students vs. house officers and according to their faculty location. Results: A total of 726 participants completed the survey (52.8% males, 78.9% were 6th year medical students and 21.1% were house-officers). There was a statistically significant difference in the scores of the participants with regard to their Faculty location and gender, while no statistically significant difference was found with regards to the study year. Conclusion and recommendation:Medical students in the screened Egyptian faculties possess poor knowledge about sleep medicine, which reflects the deficient educative processes in this field of medicine. Medical faculties should provide better sleep medicine education through a formal sleep medicine degree-awarding program.
Analysis, Implementation, and Application of Acoustic and Seismic Arrays

In this paper, we consider the analysis, implementation, and application of wideband sources using both seismic and acoustic sensors. We use the approximate maximum likelihood (AML) algorithm to perform acoustic direction of arrival (DOA). For non-uniform noise spectra, whitening filtering was applied to the received acoustic signals before the AML operation. For short-range seismic DOA applications, one method was based on eigen-decomposition of the covariance matrix and a second method was based on surface wave analysis. Two well-known optimization schemes were used to estimate the source locations from the estimated DOAs at sensors of known locations. Experimental estimation of the DOAs and resulting localizations using the acoustic and seismic signals generated by striking a heavy metal plate by a hammer were reported.
Predicting organic floc transport dynamics in shallow aquatic ecosystems: Insights from the field, the laboratory, and numerical modeling

Transport of particulate organic material can impact watershed sediment and nutrient budgets and can alter the geomorphologic evolution of shallow aquatic environments. Prediction of organic aggregate (“floc”) transport in these environments requires knowledge of how hydraulics and biota affect the entrainment, settling, and aggregation of particles. This study evaluated the aggregation and field transport dynamics of organic floc from a low‐gradient floodplain wetland with flow‐parallel ridges and sloughs in the Florida Everglades. Floc dynamics were evaluated in a rotating annular flume and in situ in the field. Under present managed conditions in the Everglades, floc is not entrained by mean flows but is suspended via biological production in the water column and bioturbation. Aggregation was a significant process affecting Everglades floc at high flume flow velocities (7.0 cm s−1) and during recovery from high flow; disaggregation was not significant for the tested flows. During moderate flows when floc dynamics are hydrodynamically controlled, it is possible to model floc transport using a single “operative floc diameter” that accurately predicts fluxes downstream and to the bed. In contrast, during high flows and recovery from high flows, aggregation dynamics should be simulated. When entrained by flow in open‐water sloughs, Everglades floc will be transported downstream in multiple deposition and reentrainment events but will undergo net settling when transported onto ridges of emergent vegetation. We hypothesize that net transport of material from open to vegetated areas during high flows is critical for forming and maintaining distinctive topographic patterning in the Everglades and other low‐gradient floodplains.
Evolution of Microstructure and Exchange Bias Characteristics of NiFe2O4/NiO nanocomposite

Among the different well studied ferrite/metal oxide nanocomposites, NiFe2O4/NiO system has attracted considerable attention because of its excellent catalytic [15] and exchange bias (EB) characteristics [16-23]. The existence of EB coupling in this system demands its potentiality for designing permanent magnet [24-26] as well as other various applications like data storage (M-RAM), microelectronics (spin and tunneling valves), magnetic sensors (read/write heads), and medicine (drug delivery) [27, 28].
Photosynthetic responses to CO # concentration and photon fluence rates in the CAM-cycling plant Delosperma

Responses of gas exchange and photosynthesis to changes in CO # concentration and PPFD were examined in well watered plants of Delosperma tradescantioides Bgr. to establish the relative importance of these environmental changes on the photosynthetic machinery in this CAM-cycling species which grows naturally in both exposed and partly shaded environments. Plants were grown at two PPFDs (220 [LL] and 550 [HL] μmol m−# s−"). HL plants had larger leaves with higher specific weight, water content and diurnal malic acid fluctuation. Photosynthetic PPFD responses were typically those of sun and shade species for HL and LL plants, both under 21% O # and non-photorespiratory (2% O # ) conditions. The CO # compensation point in the absence of non-photorespirational CO # evolution in the light (Γk) was c. 30 μmol mol−". Irradiation reduced mitochondrial respiration by "50%. Comparison of the PPFD responses of linear electron flow rates derived from gas exchange measurements and from fluorescence analysis (J F ) indicated effective photosynthetic control. J F was always larger than electron flow rates calculated from gas exchange, indicating that processes other than carboxylation and oxygenation were consistently important in energy consumption under all sampled environmental conditions. Regardless of PPFD during growth, electron flow to carboxylation and J F were linearly correlated, demonstrating that the photosynthetic apparatus was well adapted to PPFD during growth. In HL plants, non-photochemical quenching increased, and photochemical quenching and the quantum yield of linear electron transport through PS II decreased more slowly with increasing PPFD than in LL plants. In plants of both treatments non-photochemical energy dissipation seemed to be exhausted when the proportion of photons not utilizable by photochemistry exceeded 0±7. Results illustrate a pronounced ability of D. tradescantioides to acclimate to a 100% change in the prevailing PPFD and lend support to the hypothesis that CAM cycling might act as a photoprotective process.
Ecology of rare water plant communities in lakes of north-eastern Poland

Habitat studies were conducted on three rare plant communities dominated by Nuphar pumila , Nymphaea candida and Hydrilla verticillata in lakes of north-eastern Poland. The comparison of habitat properties of these three types of phytocoenoses with those of Nuphar lutea common in the area under study was also performed. It was demonstrated that the plant communities studied were ecologically distinct. The habitats of the phytocoenoses of N. pumila differed most significantly from those of the other phytocoenoses. They often inhabited softer waters poor in Mg 2+ , dissolved SiO 2 , but rich in total Fe, PO 4 3− , NO 3 − , and were associated with acidic substrates containing lower levels of Ca2+ and Na+, but greater amounts of total Fe and NO3−. The differences in the habitats of H. verticillata and N. candida phytocoenoses were most pronounced in the case of four properties of water: Na + , K + , Cl − , and Mg + . Their values were lower in waters of the H. verticillata phytocoenoses. The habitats of all the three types of rare phytocoenoses differed considerably from those of N. lutea . The most significant differences were found between the N. lutea and N. pumila phytocoenoses and the smallest differences were between the patches of N. lutea and N. candida . The properties of water were more important in differentiating the habitats of the phytocoenoses studied than the substrate properties. Due to alkalization and increase in water hardness in the lakes studied the stands of N. pumila are among the most threatened. The patches of N. candida and H. verticillata , which occur in waters with a wider range of hardness and tolerating a slight increase in trophy, can still continue to persist in the lakes for a long time.
SNP Discovery in the Leptin Promoter Gene and Association with Meat Quality and Carcass Traits in Korean Cattle

Leptin, the hormone product of the obese gene, is secreted predominately from white adipose tissue and regulates feed intake, energy metabolism and body composition. It has been considered a candidate gene for performance, carcass and meat quality traits in beef cattle. The objective of this study was to identify SNPs in the promoter region of the leptin gene and to evaluate the possible association of the SNP genotypes with carcass and meat quality traits in Korean cattle. We identified a total of 25 SNPs in the promoter region (1,208-3,049 bp upstream from the transcription start site) of the leptin gene, eleven (g.1508C>G, g.1540G>A, g.1545G>A, g.1551C>T, g.1746T>G, g.1798ins(G), g.1932del(T), g.1933del(T), g.1934del(T), g.1993C>T and g.2033C>T) of which have not been reported previously. Their sequences were deposited in GenBank database with accession number DQ202319. Genotyping of the SNPs located at positions g.2418C>G and g.2423G>A within the promoter region was performed by direct sequencing and PCR-SSCP method to investigate the effects of SNP genotypes on carcass and meat quality traits in Korean cattle. The SNP and SSCP genotypes from the two mutations of the leptin promoter were shown to be associated with the BF trait. The average BF value of animals with heterozygous SNP genotype was significantly greater than that of animals with the homozygous SNP genotypes for the g.2418C>G and g.2423G>A SNPs (p<0.05). Analysis of the combined genotype effect in both SNPs showed that animals with the AC SSCP genotype had higher BF value than animals with BB or AA SSCP genotypes (p<0.05). These results suggest that SNP of the leptin promoter region may be useful markers for selection of economic traits in Korean cattle.
Lean Six Sigma Initiative: Business Engineering Practices and Performance in Malaysian Automotive Industry

The automotive industry in various countries struggle to sustain a high degree of lean practice due to competitive market and customer pressure. Recently, Integration between lean and six sigma initiatives are increasingly implemented in the industry. The importance and relationship between lean practices and organizational performance has been highlighted in many studied. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) practices and organizational performance in Malaysian automotive industries. A Conceptual model using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) has been proposed. This model will be used to study the relationship between LSS practices and organizational performance in Malaysian automotive industries. Based on the proposed conceptual model and reviewed, research hypotheses are being developed. The paper concludes with suggest future research work.
Experimental longitudinal test of the influence of autonomy-supportive teaching on motivation for participation in elementary school physical education

The present study examined the efficacy of autonomy-supportive teaching during elementary school physical education (PE) in influencing pupils’ enjoyment, fear of failure, boredom and effort. A sample of 54 pupils attending fifth and sixth grades comprised the control group (typical instruction; n = 27) and the experimental group (autonomy-supportive instruction; n = 27). Pupils’ responses were provided four times during a school trimester on perceived autonomy-support provided by the PE teacher, fulfilment of psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness, behavioural regulations for PE participation, enjoyment, fear of failure, boredom and effort. In the autonomy-support condition, levels of the positive motivational indexes remained relatively stable during the trimester. Motivational deterioration was evident for the control group, and especially during the middle and the end of the trimester. Autonomy-supportive teaching leads to enhanced levels of motivation compared to non-autonomy-supportive teaching that may lead to gradual decline of motivation for PE participation.
Characterizationof highly toxic indigenous strainsofmosquitocidal organismBacillus sphaericus

Three indigenous isolates of Bacillus sphaericus (ISPC-5, ISPC-6 and ISPC-8), along with standard 2362 and 1593 strains, were evaluated for spore viability and mosquitocidal activity. Among these, ISPC-8 was the most viable and virulent isolate, exhibiting a significantly higher total viability count (TVC) and lower LC50 values. The TVC of the standard strains ranged from 4.0 to 9.2 10 spores mL , whereas it was 1.3 10 spores mL 1 for ISPC-8. The LC50 values of ISPC-8, 2362 and 1593 against Culex quinquefasciatus were 0.68 10, 1.22 10 and 1.85 10 spores mL , respectively. The ISPC-8 was further assessed for host spectrum and found to be more active against C. quinquefasciatus, followed by Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti. The ISPC-8 strain was thus found to be a promising isolate for developing biopesticides. Among the indigenous strains, only ISPC-8 was found to have binary toxin genes (binA and binB). Comparative sequence analysis revealed that the BinA (41.9 kDa) protein of ISPC-8 differs by one amino acid (R197M), whereas BinB (51.4 kDa) differs by two amino acids (H99P, P174S) as compared with 1593 and 2362 strains. The purified binary proteins of ISPC-8 showed an LC50 value of 6.32 ng mL 1 against C. quinquefasciatus larvae after 48 h.
A MT-17 ELECTRON ACCELERATOR AND NUCLEAR ISOMERS STATES STUDY

On the electron accelerator with 15 MeV and 5µA bremsstrshlung beam, Sn and Ba samples had been irradiated and the isomer products of Sn117, Sn119 and Ba129 nuclei had been given. Their gamma spectra were monitored. The ratio of cross section of photoactivation reactions forming Sn117m and Sn119m was evaluated. The separation of the decay individual schemes of the two almost same half-life Ba129 isomers had been discussed. Their beta transition parameters and, then, the microscopic characteristics as spin and parity values of Cs129 levels had been assigned.
Tax Evasion and Relative Tax Contribution

This article analyzes the relationship between tax rate levels and tax evasion in a context where the utility of a taxpayer depends on both his or her own consumption and relative position with respect to the average declared income of the economy. In this framework, if the taxpayer declares an amount of his or her income greater (smaller) than the average of the economy, that person’s utility will decrease (increase). The author shows that, if the externality from the others’ declared income is taken into account, several equilibria arise in the economy. Then, an increase in the tax rate leads to a larger amount of unreported income at the equilibrium displaying the lowest income reports. This comparative statics result agrees with most of the existing empirical evidence.
VOLLEYBALL MALE AND FEMALE PLAYERS EMOTIONAL REGULATION

The aim of this research was to examine partial contribution of individual characteristics of both male and female volleyball players and emotional atmosphere in a family in interpreting emotional regulation constructs. 286 examinees, aged 16-17, have taken part in the research (142 male and 144 female cadets). Applied measuring instruments (Emotional regulation and control questionnaire, Parental Behavior Perception Scale, Children’s Perception of Interparental Confl ict Scale, Questionnaire of Temperament in Early Adolescence and Pubertal Development Scale). Achieved results have shown that individual characteristics and temperament dimensions are signifi cant determinants of male and female volleyball players’ emotional regulation. Adolescents with intensive self control have minimally manifested negative emotions and their emotions were more effi ciently controlled. Dimensions of parental behavior statistically and signifi cantly infl uenced interpretation of emotional regulation construct, especially one of the male players. Male volleyball players who perceived higher level of mother’s control and father’s rejection, predictor variables were less successfull in their emotions control.
EFFECT OF LACTATION ON SERUM TOTAL CHOLESTEROL & TRIGLYCERIDE

Background: There is an association between breast feeding & maternal lipid profile. Pregnancy related hyperlipidaemia reverse quickly with lactation. Objective: To observe Serum Total cholesterol & triglyceride in lactating & nonlactating mother. Method: The present cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, during the period of July 2010 to June 2011. A total 300 subjects were included within the age limit from 20 to 40 years of women. Among them100 were normal healthy subjects & had child above 3 years were considered as group A (control). The rest 200 women were selected as study subject (group B) having child between the age 6 weeks to 2 years. Group B is again subdivided into group B1 (100 lactating mother) & group B2 (100 nonlactating mother). The subjects were selected from pediatric ward & OPD of pediatrics, DMCH and BSMMU, Dhaka. Data were collected in data collection sheet after taking informed written consent of the subjects. The study parameters total cholesterol & Triglyceride were done in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College. The data were analyzed by computer with SPSS programs using unpaired Student ? t test. Results: In group B1 total cholesterol & triglyceride levels were non significantly higher than that of group A but in group B2 these values were significantly higher than that of group A. Within the study groups all these values were significantly higher in nonlactating mother than lactating mother. It was observed that high level of study parameters were more in B2 than that of group B1. Conclusion : From the results of the present study it may be concluded that lactation has effect on lowering serum total cholesterol & triglyceride which may preferably related to health education for the mother. http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/bjpp.v29i1-2.20060 Bangladesh J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 29(1&2) : 1-7
The Classical Theory of Normal Prices and the Analysis of Economic Changes: A Comment

This paper examines the critical remarks that D'Orlando (2005) addresses to the classical theory of value based on ‘normal’ positions, and briefly comments on the alternative dynamic analysis of short-run prices that he recommends. The first part refutes D'Orlando's considerations about the method traditionally adopted in classical analysis and discusses the claim that the characteristic structure of classical theory prevents consistent determination of the normal prices. The second part moves on to consider the basic elements of D'Orlando's proposed short-period analysis and argues that they are problematic on both theoretical and methodological grounds.
Study of Titanium nanoparticles in biological system using different techniques

Nanotechnology is a promising field of science and technology that deals with the effects of engineered or manufactured nanomaterial and their applications on living organisms. In addition to toxicity evaluation, these particles were characterized by different techniques like transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Titanium nanoparticle was within the small nanometer size range when dispersed in pure water. The particles were tended to agglomerate in media with higher ionic strength. The assessments of cytotoxicity showed that Ti nanoparticles caused a significant lessening in membrane integrity and cellular metabolic activity in a concentration dependent manner. The current study shows that size of Titanium nanoparticles and their ionic strength is adequate and also can be used at low concentrations to determine adverse effect in further studies.
Academics Appreciate Awards - A New Aspect of Incentives in Research

This paper analyzes awards as a means of motivation prevalent in the scientific community, but so far neglected in the economic literature on incentives, and discusses their relationship to monetary compensation. Awards are better suited than performance pay to reward scientific tasks, which are typically of a vague nature. They derive their value, for instance, from signaling research talent to outsiders. Awards should therefore be taken seriously as a means of motivating research that may complement, or even substitute for, monetary incentives. While we discuss awards in the context of academia, our conclusions apply to other principal-agent settings as well.
Globalization and Rituals: Does Ramadan Turn into Christmas?

This study explores how the dynamics of consumer culture and globalization interact with Islamic beliefs, rituals and behaviors, and revive and modify local rituals in order to fit with modern consumption-driven lifestyles. Specifically, we focus on urban Turkey and discuss how Ramadan rituals are being reinvented, modified and reinterpreted at the marketplace. We argue that the commercialization of Ramadan is neither an instance of cultural imperialism nor an instance of postmodern disorder. Rather, commercial logic and consumerist ideology hybridize Western and non-Western traditions and practices, creating new expressions of existing rituals.
Morphological features of indigenous chicken populations of Ethiopia

Summary This study describes the variations in the physical features and the useful attributes of different populations of indigenous chickens. Five populations of chickens in different regions of Ethiopia were studied based on 13 qualitative traits recorded for a total of 1 125 chickens. Additional measurements on quantitative traits (shank length and body weight) were also included. Descriptive statistics (nonparametric and F tests) were used to analyze the data. Each of the study populations possessed multiple variants of plumage colours and other physical features. However, white body plumage is one of the prominent features of Farta chickens and red is predominant in the other populations. Pea comb is the dominant comb type in all regions. Most of the chickens in the high altitude regions have yellow skin. The geographic distribution and frequency of naked neck chickens are generally small, and the available small proportion is found mainly in the low altitude regions. Males in all populations are heavier and taller than the females. Body weights range from 1 411 g (Konso) to 1 700 g (Horro) in adult males and from 1 011 g (Konso) to 1 517 g (Sheka) in females. Most of the morphological traits that were studied showed a very low level of associations with each other.