Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The possible protective role of vitamin C against Monosodium glutamate induced structural changes of adrenal cortex of the adult male albino rat: Histological and immunohistochemical study

Introduction: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a popularly used taste enhancer. MSG proved to cause many degenerative diseases and oxidative damages. Vitamin C has an antioxidant property.Aim: This work aimed to study the possible protective role of vitamin C against Monosodium glutamate induced structural changes of the adrenal cortex.Material and Methods: Forty-five adult male albino rats were used in this study, aged from 4-6 months and weighting 180-200 Kg. Animals were divided into three equal groups. Group I: It was composed of fifteen rats and was further subdivided into three equal subgroups; Subgroup IA: included 5 rats that kept as negative control. Subgroup IB: included 5 rats that received 1ml of distilled water for 8 weeks and Subgroup IC included 5 rats that received vitamin C in a dose of 0.3 mg/Kg body weight /day for 8 weeks. Group II: It included fifteen adult male rats that received 4mg/Kg body weight/ day of MSG for 8 weeks. Group III: It included fifteen rats that received MSG as in group II and vitamin C in a dose of 0.3 mg/Kg body weight /day for 8 weeks.Results: The present study revealed that MSG induced histological changes of adrenal cortex in the form of disorganized structure of zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata with increased accumulation of the cytoplasmic droplets and thinning of the capsule. Group III that received vitamin C revealed evident improvement of these changes.Conclusion: Monosodium glutamate led to histoarchitectural changes of adrenal cortex. However, vitamin C greatly improved such changes.
Phytoremediation Potential of Fast-Growing
Energy Plants:
Challenges and Perspectives – a Review

Contamination of soil by toxic elements is a global issue of growing importance due to the increased anthropogenic impact on the natural environment. Conventional methods of soil decontamination possess disadvantages in forms of environmental and financial burdens. This fact leads to the search for alternative approaches of remediation of contaminated sites. One such approach includes phytoremediation. Phytoremediation advantages consist of low costs and small environmental impact. Several fast-growing energy plant species are suitable for phytoremediation purposes. Our article focuses on the phytoremediation potential of energy woody crops of Salix and Populus, and energy grasses Miscanthus and Arundo, which are grown primarily for biomass production. This approach links the environmentally friendly and economically less demanding remediation approach with the production of the local sustainable form of energy that decreases dependency on external energy supplies. Energy plants are able to provide high biomass yields in a short period of time, they are resistant against abiotic stress conditions and have the ability to accumulate toxic substances, thus helping to restore the desirable soil properties. The phytoremediation research is very interdisciplinary in its nature. In order to implement phytoremediation practices together with bioenergy successfully, it is crucial to involve site owners, local people, farmers, technology providers and consultants, remediation experts, sustainability assessors, regulatory agencies and certification bodies, biorefineries, financial sponsors, NGOs and other voluntary organizations. Some disadvantages and challenges of phytoremediation are also indicated.
OctaGel Resin - A New PEG-PS-based Solid Support for Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis

OctaGel resin is a unique, highly uniformed surface-active resin. Here, we compared the performance of OctaGel with that of known resins on the market, namely polystyrene and ChemMatrix, in Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. The synthesis of the ‘difficult’ Aib-ACP (65-74) decapeptide showed that OctaGel has the potential to yield molecules with satisfactory purity. Given its high swelling capacity and large bead size, OctaGel also shows efficient interaction with various solvents, including those mainly used for SPPS (DMF and DCM).
Community-based care for HIV/AIDS orphans

Community-based care for HIV/AIDS orphans Student: Tshifhiwa Mamaila Supervisor: Prof. Dr. A Lombard Department of Social Work and Criminology University of Pretoria South Africa has been affected both economically and socially by HIV/AIDS. The South African government has put policies in place to support people infected and affected by HIV/AIDS and to ensure that they are not discriminated against. Many children have lost either one or both parents to this pandemic. The purpose of this research study was to explore community-based care for HIV/AIDS orphans. The research question for the study was: “What are the key components of community-based care for HIV/AIDS orphans? ” The objectives for this study were as follows: • To conceptualise community-based care for HIV/AIDS orphans. • To determine the directions and limitations with regard to communitybased care within the current policy framework for caring for children infected and affected by HIV/AIDS. • To identify the components of Heartbeat’s model for community participation for community-based care of HIV/AIDS orphans. • To determine the key components for effective community-based care in the care of HIV/AIDS orphans, to serve as guidelines for a sustainable community-based care model for these children. University of Pretoria etd – Mamaila, T (2005)
The relationship between body composition and indicators of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in Zuni adolescents

The reiadonships among obesity, body fat distribution, and insulin and glucose levels (festing and 30-niinute post prandial) were examined in Zuni Indian adolescents. Males showed a significantly higher mean lean body mass (LBM), mean waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and mean waist circumference, but a significantly lower mean percent body fat and 30-minute insulin level than did females. Males followed a pattern of abdominal fat distribution while the female pattern was more gluteo-femoral. Increasing mean fasting insulin levels were significantly related to increasing mean fasting glucose levels in both males and females, indicating the presence of insulin resistance in these adolescents. While males and females exhibited a similar correlation between insulin and glucose, females secreted more insulin in response to a glucose load. This study suggests that waist circumference is a preferred method of assessing risk for hyperinsulinemia and possibly insulin resistance than WHR in these adolescents.
Spatial Distribution of Aerial Predators: Influences on Usable Space for Quail

The likelihood of encountering a predator influences prey behavior and spatial distribution such that non-consumptive effects can outweigh the influence of direct predation. Prey species are thought to filter information on perceived predator encounter rates in physical landscapes into a landscape of fear defined by spatially explicit heterogeneity in predation risk. The presence of multiple predators using different hunting strategies further complicates navigation through a landscape of fear and potentially exposes prey to greater risk of predation. The juxtaposition of land cover types likely influences overlap in occurrence of different predators, suggesting that attributes of a landscape of fear result from complexity in the physical landscape. Woody encroachment in grasslands furnishes an example of increasing complexity with the potential to influence predator distributions. I examined the role of vegetation structure on the distribution of avian predators, and the vulnerability of a frequent prey species of those predators, Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). I mapped occurrences of raptors and kill locations of Northern Bobwhite to examine spatial vulnerability in relation to landscape complexity. Predator density and predation-specific mortality of Northern Bobwhite increased with vegetation complexity generated by fine-scale interspersion of grassland and woodland. Predation pressure was lower in more homogeneous landscapes where overlap of the two predators was less frequent. Predator overlap created areas of high risk for Northern Bobwhite amounting to 32% of the land area where landscape complexity was high and 7% where complexity was lower. My study emphasizes the need to evaluate the role of landscape structure on predation dynamics and reveals another threat from tree encroachment in grasslands.
Textbook and Color Atlas of Tooth Impactions: Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention

Failure of eruption of permanent teeth (tooth impaction) represents a common, but as yet largely unexplored, problem with regard to proper treatment and prevention. This condition affects almost 20% of the population. Thus, the third molar impaction problem alone represents the second most expensive medico-dental surgical problem in the United States. Apart from that, the sequelae of surgical removal of third molars (that is, dental nerve damage) are the most frequent complaints in dental litigation in the United States. This book includes manifold aspects of tooth impactions such as etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of all types of tooth impactions. The treatment aspect is illustrated by step-by-step colour illustrations of all aspects of the surgical procedure.
Optimization Strategy of SVC for Eliminating Electromagnetic Oscillation in Weak Networking Power Systems

The central Tibet AC interconnection project (CTAIP), which connects the Tibet power grid and the Sichuan power grid through a long distance transmission line of more than 1400 km, has a significant problem of voltage regulation. In order to improve the voltage regulation performance, six sets of ±60 Mvar static VAR compensators (SVC) were installed in the CTAIP. However, the SVCs may lead to electromagnetic oscillation below 50 Hz while improving voltage regulation capability. In this paper, the electromagnetic oscillation modes and the sensitivity of control parameters of SVC are analyzed. Then, the characteristics and influencing factors of the oscillation are discussed. It was found that there is an inherent electromagnetic oscillation mode below 50 Hz in the ultra-long distance transmission system. The employ of SVCs weaken the damping of this mode. Large proportional gain and integral gain (PI) parameters of SVCs can improve the voltage regulation performance, but weaken the electromagnetic oscillation mode damping. Therefore, a suppression method based on SVC PI parameters optimization is proposed to damp the oscillation. The essential of this method is to use the rising time of voltage response and setting time of SVCs as performance indicators of voltage regulation, and take the damping level of the electromagnetic oscillation mode as the performance index of SVC electromagnetic oscillation suppression ability. Combining the two indicators to form a comprehensive optimization index function, an intelligent optimization algorithm is applied. The process of SVC parameter optimization and the steps of multi-SVC parameter optimization in large power grids is proposed. Finally, PSCAD and real-time digital simulation (RTDS) simulation results verified the correctness of the proposed method. The optimization strategy was applied to CTAIP. The artificial grounding short circuit experimental results proved the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Sex Determination by Using Mandibular Ramus Posterior Flexure - A Prospective Study. -

Introduction- The four main features of biological identity are sex, age, stature and ethnic background. The identification of human skeletal remains is considered an initial step in forensic investigations and is crucial for further analysis. Objective - Determination of sex by using mandibular ramus posterior flexure. Materials and methods - The study was conducted on 104 adult mandibles, which were obtained from the mandibles available in the department of anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore and from the students of 1st year MBBS. Results - Using Mandibular ramus posterior flexure, out of 104 mandibles, we could determined the morphological sex in 79 mandibles with 76% accuracy rate and sex was misclassified in 25 mandibles. In the present study, overall predictive of accuracy of (76%) was attained in diagnosing the sex by observing the mandibular ramus posterior flexure. Out of 55 male mandibles, sex was accurately determined in 44 cases with accuracy rate of 80% and out of 49 female mandibles, sex was accurately determined in 35 cases with accuracy rate of 71%. Conclusion - Consequently, the identification of sexual dimorphism still relies almost exclusively upon as many dimorphic skeletal morphological features as possible. Therefore, the mandibular ramus flexure must be considered for anthropological and forensic purposes as one additional feature among the many parameters used in sex assessment of any skeletal series.
ANTI-DIABETIC EFFECT OF A NOVEL NANO POLYMER OF THYMOL IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR RATS

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thymol and thymol nano polymer on the blood biochemical parameters and anti-diabetic activity in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: The synthesized nano polymer (NP) was characterized by using different spectroscopy methods, such as IR, HNMR and CNMR. Loading and releasing of thymol were investigated by HPLC. Eleven groups of the Streptozotocin-induced diabetic and normal rats (overall 110 males) were tested through various biochemical factors such as: serum glucose, insulin, liver function-related enzymes including ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin by ELISA kit methods. Results: It has shown that thymol nano polymer is desirable for transferring drug. The amount of thymol loaded on NP estimated at 43±2.5 %. Then, 65% of the loaded drug was released. LD50 for thymol and thymol nano polymer were 435 and 583 mg/kg, respectively. thymol nano polymer at doses of 30, 60 and 90 mg/kg, in a dose-dependent manner, reduced blood glucose, increased insulin levels, and controlled liver enzymes ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. Conclusion: The use of thymol nano polymer appears to be a new aspect concerning to protect diabetes-induced damage in the animal model.
Antihypertensive drugs and the microcirculation

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Stress Drop, Apparent Stress, and Radiation Efficiency of Clustered Earthquakes in the Nucleation Volume of the 6 April 2009, Mw 6.1 L'Aquila Earthquake

We investigate the variability of Brune stress drop (∆σ) and apparent stress (τa) of 23 earthquakes occurred in a small crustal volume adjacent to the hypocenter of the destructive Mw 6.1 L'Aquila earthquake. Their magnitude range is 2.7 ≤ Mw ≤ 4.1. Interevent variability of stress drop and apparent stress results in a factor of 10, well beyond the individual‐event uncertainty. Radiation efficiency ηsw = τa/∆σ varies mostly between 0.1 and 0.2, but in the days immediately before and after the main shock, ηsw tends to be smaller decreasing to values as low as 0.06. This may be the consequence of ruptures migrating in those days into a focal volume with higher dynamic strength. The temporal change of ηsw is tentatively interpreted as a spatial variation due to the earthquake migration into the locked portion of the fault that originated the main shock. Consistently, no variation in stress drop and apparent stress is observed between foreshocks and aftershocks but the smallest and largest ∆σ result in a good correlation with the largest and smallest b‐values, respectively, imaged by other authors in the rupture nucleation volume.
Real-Time Sonography

This textbook acquaints the reader with normal and pathologic anatomy as depicted on dynamic or real-time scanning. Chapters are organized by specialty, such as abdominal, urologic, or pediatric. The text is illustrated with still-frame images and line drawings. The drawings show important areas of interest and provide graphic notation as to where and in what orientation the scan was obtained.
Middle Atmosphere Temperature Trends in the Twentieth and Twenty‐First Centuries Simulated With the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM)

We use Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model simulations made under various climate change scenarios to study the evolution of the global‐mean temperature trend in the late twentieth century and the twenty‐first century. Results are compared with available satellite observations, including new trend estimates derived from the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry instrument on NASA's TIMED spacecraft. Modeled and observed trends are shown to be consistent throughout the entire middle atmosphere, from near the tropopause (~16 km) to the lower thermosphere (~95 km) in the period covered by the satellite data. Simulations are extended into the twenty‐first century to document the evolution of the global‐mean temperature trend profile. We find, consistent with previous studies, a marked change in the trend profile at the turn of the twenty‐first century, which is driven by the recovery of stratospheric ozone following the adoption of the Montreal Protocol. In the twenty‐first century, the trend profile becomes more uniform with altitude, but its overall shape and magnitude are conditioned by the scenario adopted for future emissions of greenhouse gases. Our results suggest that the vertical profile of temperature trends in the middle atmosphere will remain an important signature of global climate change, and they underscore the importance of global, continuous monitoring of this region of the atmosphere.
The resistance mechanism of Escherichia coli induced by ampicillin in laboratory

Background Multi-drug-resistant Escherichia coli poses a great threat to human health, especially resistant to ampicillin (AMP), but the mechanism of drug resistance is not very clear. Purpose To understand the mechanism of resistance of E. coli to beta-lactam antibiotics by inducing drug resistance of sensitive bacteria in laboratory. Methods Clinical sensitive E. coli strain was induced into resistance strain by 1/2 minimum inhibitive concentration (MIC) induced trails of AMP. The drug resistance spectrum was measured by modified K-B susceptibility test. Whole-genome sequencing analysis was used to analyze primary sensitive strain, and resequencing was used to analyze induced strains. Protein tertiary structure encoded by the gene containing single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was analyzed by bioinformatics. Results After 315 hrs induced, the MIC value of E. coli 15743 reached to 256 µg/mL, 64 times higher than that of the sensitive bacteria. During the induction process, the bacterial resistance process is divided into two stages. The rate of drug resistance occurs rapidly before reaching the critical concentration of 32 µg/mL, and then the resistance rate slows down. Sequencing of the genome of resistant strain showed that E. coli 15743 drug-resistant strain with the MIC values of 32 and 256 µg/mL contained four and eight non-synonymous SNPs, respectively. These non-synonymous SNPs were distributed in the genes of frdD, ftsI, acrB, OmpD, marR, VgrG, and envZ. Conclusion These studies will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism of AMP resistance of E. coli, and may provide the basis for prevention and control of multi-drug-resistant bacteria and generation of new antibiotics to treat E. coli infection.
Phenol Content and Antioxidant and Antiaging Activity of Safflower Seed Oil (Carthamus Tinctorius L.)

The phenol content of vegetable oil and its antioxidant activity are of primary interest for human health. Oilseed species are considered important sources of these compounds with medicinal effects on a large scale. Total phenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of safflower oil were previously studied. Nevertheless, there is no report on genotypic differences and antiaging activity of safflower oil. The aim of this study was to determine the TPC, diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and antiaging activity on three respective accessions from Syria, France, and Algeria of seed oil of safflower grown under semi-arid conditions during 3 consecutive years (2015, 2016, and 2017). The results showed that phenol content as well as antioxidant and antiaging activity varied according to both genotype and years. In 2017, the mean value of TPC in oil seed was two times higher than in 2015 and 2016. Moreover, accessions presented different TPC values depending on the year. The highest antioxidant activity was observed among accessions in 2017 compared to 2015 and 2016. As expected, a positive correlation was found between TPC and antioxidant activity. The inhibition in the collagenase assay was between 47% and 72.1% compared to the positive control (83.1%), while inhibition in the elastase assay of TPC ranged from 32.2% to 70.3%, with the positive control being 75.8%. These results highlight the interest of safflower oil as a source of phenols with valuable antioxidant and antiaging activity, and uses for cosmetics.
Review on production of liquid fuel from co-pyrolysis of biomass with scrap/waste tire

The oil produced by the pyrolysis of biomass has potential for use as a substitute for fossil fuels. However, the oil needs to be upgraded since it contains high levels of oxygen, which causes low calorific value, corrosion problems, and instability. Generally, upgrading the pyrolysis oil involves the addition of a catalyst, solvent and large amount hydrogen, which can cost more than the oil itself. In this regard, the co-pyrolysis technique offers simplicity and effectiveness in order to produce a high-grade pyrolysis oil. Co-pyrolysis is a process which involves two or more materials as feedstock. The feedstocks were biomass and tire waste. The pyrolysis of scrap tires at a temperature of 500 o C produced an oil yield of 44.1 wt%. The increase in oil yield from co-pyrolysis processes of Pine wood and tire wastes was found to be 64.8 wt%. The HHV of tire waste pyrolysis liquid alone was 43.8MJ/kg while for the co-pyrolysis of tire waste and pinewoods was 46.8MJ/Kg. The results of many studies showed that the use of co-pyrolysis technique can improve the characteristics of pyrolysis oil, e.g., increase the oil yield, reduce the oxygen content, reduce the water content, and increase the calorific value of the oil. Keywords: Co-pyrolysis, Biomass, Tire-waste and Calorific-value