Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The mediating role of sport self‐motivation between basic psychological needs satisfaction and athlete engagement

Background: Engagement could constitute a frame of reference for promoting positive experiences in sport, hence the importance of learning about what precedes it in order to promote its development. This study was conducted to examine the role of self‐motivation as a mediator between basic psychological needs satisfaction and athlete engagement. Method: A sample of 426 male and female athletes from different sports were asked to complete three questionnaires measuring each of the study variables: The Basic Needs Satisfaction in Sport Scale, the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire and the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire. A structural relationships model between the constructs analyzed was specified and implemented. Results: High levels of self‐motivation increased levels of athlete engagement and vice versa. Conclusion: Basic psychological needs satisfaction has a direct positive effect on athlete engagement and in turn, an indirect effect mediated by athletes' self‐motivation. &NA; El rol mediador de la motivación autodeterminada entre la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y el engagement deportivo. Antecedentes: el engagement es un marco de referencia para la promoción de experiencias positivas en el deporte, de ahí la importancia de conocer sus antecedentes con el objetivo de promover su desarrollo. El presente estudio se realizó con el propósito de examinar el papel de la motivación autodeterminada como mediadora entre la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y el engagement de los deportistas. Método: se utilizó una muestra de 426 deportistas, hombres y mujeres, de diferentes modalidades deportivas a los que les pidió que respondieran a tres cuestionarios que medían cada una de las variables de estudio: Basic Needs Satisfaction in Sport Scale, Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire y Athlete Engagement Questionnaire. Se especificó un modelo de relaciones estructurales entre los constructos analizados. Resultados: niveles altos de motivación autodeterminada incrementan los niveles de engagement del deportista mientras que niveles bajos de motivación autodeterminada los debilitan. Conclusión: existe un efecto directo de tipo positivo de la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas de los deportistas sobre su grado de engagement deportivo y a la vez un efecto indirecto mediado por su motivación autodeterminada.
Predicting the Semantic Textual Similarity with Siamese CNN and LSTM

Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) is the basis of many applications in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Our system combines convolution and recurrent neural networks to measure the semantic similarity of sentences. It uses a convolution network to take account of the local context of words and an LSTM to consider the global context of sentences. This combination of networks helps to preserve the relevant information of sentences and improves the calculation of the similarity between sentences. Our model has achieved good results and is competitive with the best state-of-the-art systems.
Cancer Risk and Prognosis after a Hospital Contact for an Elevated Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

Background: An elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) may be a marker of occult cancer. Methods: We linked Danish medical databases to examine cancer incidence in patients with a first-time hospital contact for elevated ESR during 1980 to 2013. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) of cancer compared with the general population, and comorbidity-adjusted HRs (aHR) versus matched population comparisons without elevated ESR. We also compared survival among patients with cancer with elevated ESR with that among patients with cancer without elevated ESR. Results: During median follow-up of 4.9 years, we observed 3,926 cancers among 18,540 patients with a first-time hospital contact for elevated ESR. The risk for any cancer diagnosed during the first year following the contact for elevated ESR was 8.5% [95% confidence interval (CI), 8.1%–8.9%]. The overall 1-year cancer incidence was markedly elevated [SIR 5.3 (95% CI, 5.1–5.6); aHR 5.8 (95% CI, 5.4–6.3)] and was more than 3-fold elevated for most hematologic cancers and for cancers of the peritoneum and connective tissue in the abdominal wall, kidney, and adrenal glands. After the first year, patients were at increased risk of developing especially hematologic cancers. Patients diagnosed with cancer within 1 year after a contact for elevated ESR had poorer survival compared with matched cancer comparisons [adjusted mortality rate ratio 1.2 (95% CI, 1.1–1.3)]. Conclusions: Elevated ESR is a strong marker of undiagnosed cancer and is associated with poorer survival. Impact: Our findings may help clinicians in assessing absolute risk, common sites, and prognosis of cancers discovered after hospital contact with elevated ERS.
I lie, why don't you: Neural mechanisms of individual differences in self‐serving lying

People tend to lie in varying degrees. To advance our understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms of this heterogeneity, we investigated individual differences in self‐serving lying. We performed a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in 37 participants and introduced a color‐reporting game where lying about the color would in general lead to higher monetary payoffs but would also be punished if get caught. At the behavioral level, individuals lied to different extents. Besides, individuals who are more dishonest showed shorter lying response time, whereas no significant correlation was found between truth‐telling response time and the degree of dishonesty. At the neural level, the left caudate, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) were key regions reflecting individual differences in making dishonest decisions. The dishonesty associated activity in these regions decreased with increased dishonesty. Subsequent generalized psychophysiological interaction analyses showed that individual differences in self‐serving lying were associated with the functional connectivity among the caudate, vmPFC, IFG, and dlPFC. More importantly, regardless of the decision types, the neural patterns of the left caudate and vmPFC during the decision‐making phase could be used to predict individual degrees of dishonesty. The present study demonstrated that lying decisions differ substantially from person to person in the functional connectivity and neural activation patterns which can be used to predict individual degrees of dishonesty.
Induction of Apoptosis in Pterygium Cells by Antagonists of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Receptors.

Purpose The aim of the study was to investigate the signaling of growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRH-R) in the pathogenesis of pterygium and determine the apoptotic effect of GHRH-R antagonist on pterygium epithelial cells (PECs). Methods Fourteen samples of primary pterygium of grade T3 with size of corneal invasion ≥ 4 mm were obtained for investigation by histology, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, explant culture, and flow cytometry. Results We found that PECs were localized in the basal layer of the epithelium in advancing regions of the head of pterygium. These cells harbored clusters of rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, and mitochondria, which were consistent with their aggressive proliferation. Immunofluorescence studies and Western blots showed that GHRH-R and the downstream growth hormone receptor (GH-R) were intensively expressed in PECs. Their respective ligands, GHRH and GH, were also elevated in the pterygium tissues as compared to conjunctival cells. Explanted PECs were strongly immunoreactive to GHRH-R and exhibited differentiation and proliferation that led to lump formation. Treatment with GHRH-R antagonist MIA-602 induced apoptosis of PECs in a dose-dependent manner, which was accompanied by a downregulation of ERK1 and upregulation of Caspase 3 expression. Conclusions Our results revealed that GHRH-R signaling is involved in survival and proliferation of PECs and suggest a potential therapeutic approach for GHRH-R antagonist in the treatment of pterygium.
Endoscopic progression of ulcerative proctitis to proximal disease. Can we identify predictors of progression?

Abstract Introduction: Ulcerative proctitis is a type of ulcerative colitis circumscribed to the rectum. Proximal progression rates of the disease have been reported as between 27% and 54%. Several predictive factors have been identified for its progression; however, none has been established as definitive. Material and methods: Retrospective study of patients diagnosed with ulcerative proctitis with at least 12 months of follow-up. Patients diagnosed between January 1992 and March 2017. Variables were collected at the time of diagnosis and during the first year of follow-up. The extent of the progression was evaluated endoscopically during follow-up. The endoscopic progression rate was determined and possible risk factors related to this progression were evaluated. Results: The analysis involved 137 patients. In 77 of the patients, we performed a second colonoscopy during follow-up to evaluate endoscopic progression. The average time before the second colonoscopy performed was 5 years (SD 3.9). Of the 77 patients, 32 (41.6%) presented proximal progression to the rectosigmoid junction. Logistic regression analysis showed a statistically significant association for progression in patients who had suffered one or more flares in the first year following diagnosis. Significant progression was also observed in those with the longest time of progression at the final colonoscopy. Conclusions: Ulcerative proctitis is not a stable disease over time. In addition, during the first year of the disease progression, it is possible to predict in which patients the disease will progress to more extensive forms.
Valorization of Wild Apple (Malus spp.) By-Products as a Source of Essential Fatty Acids, Tocopherols and Phytosterols with Antimicrobial Activity

The amplified production of fruit as well as burgeoning demand for plant-made food products have resulted in a sharp increase of waste. Currently, millions of tons of by-products are either being discarded or utilized rather ineffectively. However, these by-products may be processed and further incorporated as functional ingredients in making high-value food products with many physiological and biochemical effects. The chemical analysis of pomace oils using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and reversed-phase-liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detector (RP-HPLC/FLD) systems led to the identification and quantification of 56 individual lipophilic compounds including unsaturated, polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids, as well as phytosterols and four homologs of tocopherol. The oils recovered from by-products of Malus spp. (particularly cv. “Ola”) are rich in fatty acids such as linolenic (57.8%), α-linolenic (54.3%), and oleic (25.5%). The concentration of total tocopherols varied among the Malus species and dessert apples investigated, representing the range of 16.8–30.9 mg mL−1. The highest content of total tocopherols was found in M. Bernu prieks, followed by M. cv. “Ola”, and M. × Soulardii pomace oils. A significantly higher amount of δ-tocopherol was established in the oil of M. Bernu prieks, indicating that this species could be utilized as a natural and cheap source of bioactive molecules. β-Sitosterol was the prevalent compound determined in all tested pomace oils with a percentage distribution of 10.3–94.5%. The main triterpene identified in the oils was lupeol, which varied in the range of 0.1–66.3%. A targeted utilization of apple pomace would facilitate management of tons of by-products and benefit the environment and industry.
A Benchmark for Lidar Sensors in Fog: Is Detection Breaking Down?

Autonomous driving at level five does not only means self-driving in the sunshine. Adverse weather is especially critical because fog, rain, and snow degrade the perception of the environment. In this work, current state of the art light detection and ranging (lidar) sensors are tested in controlled conditions in a fog chamber. We present current problems and disturbance patterns for four different state of the art lidar systems. Moreover, we investigate how tuning internal parameters can improve their performance in bad weather situations. This is of great importance because most state of the art detection algorithms are based on undisturbed lidar data.
Frequent ESR1 and CDK Pathway Copy-Number Alterations in Metastatic Breast Cancer

DNA sequencing has identified a limited number of driver mutations in metastatic breast cancer beyond single base-pair mutations in the estrogen receptor (ESR1). However, our previous studies and others have observed that structural variants, such as ESR1 fusions, may also play a role. Therefore, we expanded upon these observations by performing a comprehensive and highly sensitive characterization of copy-number (CN) alterations in a large clinical cohort of metastatic specimens. NanoString DNA hybridization was utilized to measure CN gains, amplifications, and deletions of 67 genes in 108 breast cancer metastases, and in 26 cases, the patient-matched primary tumor. For ESR1, a copyshift algorithm was applied to identify CN imbalances at exon-specific resolution and queried large data sets (>15,000 tumors) that had previously undergone next-generation sequencing (NGS). Interestingly, a subset of ER+ tumors showed increased ESR1 CN (11/82, 13%); three had CN amplifications (4%) and eight had gains (10%). Increased ESR1 CN was enriched in metastatic specimens versus primary tumors, and this was orthogonally confirmed in a large NGS data set. ESR1-amplified tumors showed a site-specific enrichment for bone metastases and worse outcomes than nonamplified tumors. No ESR1 CN amplifications and only one gain was identified in ER− tumors. ESR1 copyshift was present in 5 of the 11 ESR1-amplified tumors. Other frequent amplifications included ERBB2, GRB7, and cell-cycle pathway members CCND1 and CDK4/6, which showed mutually exclusivity with deletions of CDKN2A, CDKN2B, and CDKN1B. Implications: Copy-number alterations of ESR1 and key CDK pathway genes are frequent in metastatic breast cancers, and their clinical relevance should be tested further.
Body Pose and Context Information for Driver Secondary Task Detection

Distraction of the driver by secondary tasks is already dangerous while driving manually but especially in handover situations in an automated mode this can lead to critical situations. Currently, these tasks are not taken into account in most modern cars. We present a system that detects typical distracting secondary tasks in an efficient modular way. We first determine the body pose of the driver and afterwards use recurrent neuronal networks to estimate actions based on sequences of the captured body poses. Our system uses knowledge about the surroundings of the driver that is unique to the car environment. Our evaluation shows that this approach achieves better results than other state of the art systems for action recognition on our dataset.
In vitro activities of cefiderocol, ceftolozane/tazobactam, ceftazidime/avibactam and other comparative drugs against imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, all associated with bloodstream infections in Taiwan

Objectives We investigated the in vitro activities of cefiderocol, ceftazidime/avibactam, ceftolozane/tazobactam and other related drugs against imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates. Methods Non-duplicated bacteraemia isolates (n = 300) of imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (n = 100), imipenem-resistant A. baumannii (n = 100) and S. maltophilia (n = 100) were evaluated. Imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa and imipenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates were defined as isolates exhibiting imipenem MIC ≥8 mg/L, as determined using the VITEK 2 system. The MICs of 11 other antimicrobial agents for the isolates were determined by the broth microdilution method. Iron-depleted CAMHB was used to determine the MICs of cefiderocol. Results The rates of colistin resistance of imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa and imipenem-resistant A. baumannii were 5% and 10%, respectively. The MIC90 values of cefiderocol, ceftolozane/tazobactam, ceftazidime/avibactam, tigecycline and colistin were as follows: imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa: 1, 4, 16, >4 and 2 mg/L; imipenem-resistant A. baumannii: 8, >64, >64, 4 and 2 mg/L; and S. maltophilia: 0.25, >64, >64, 2 and >8 mg/L, respectively. For imipenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates, the MICs of cefiderocol, ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam were ≤4 mg/L for 88%, 8% and 1% of the isolates, respectively. Cefiderocol MICs were ≤4 mg/L for the five colistin-resistant imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates and 70% of the 10 colistin-resistant imipenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates. Conclusions Cefiderocol exhibited more potent in vitro activity than ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam against imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa, imipenem-resistant A. baumannii and S. maltophilia isolates.
Persuasive system features in computer-mediated lifestyle modification interventions for physical activity

ABSTRACT Objective: Increasing physical activity has been identified as one of the most important factors in lifestyle modification. Previous studies have reported the effectiveness of using the Internet in motivating behavioral modifications of physical activities. The aim of this study is to identify the persuasive system features most frequently used in computer-mediated physical activities in the current literature. Materials and Methods: In this review, intervention studies were identified through a structured computerized search of PubMed, PsychInfo, and Web of Science. The results of the search were analyzed using the persuasive systems design (PSD) features identified by Oinas-Kukkonen and Harjumaa (2009). Results: Thirty-eight articles were reviewed, and the features of the physical activity interventions described were mapped to the identified facets of PSD. The PSD features used most often by researchers in the studies considered in this research included tailoring, tunneling, reminders, trustworthiness, and expertise. The effectiveness of the interventions described in the studies was also compared. The stage of change theory was applied in several intervention studies, and the importance of stage of change has been identified in effectiveness of persuasion toward physical activity.
Structural Basis for Human Norovirus Capsid Binding to Bile Acids

Given that human norovirus virions likely interact with bile acid during a natural infection, our evidence that an HBGA nonbinder (GII.1) can be converted to an HBGA binder after bile acid binding is of major significance. Our data provide direct evidence that, like HBGAs, bile acid interaction on the capsid is an important cofactor for certain genotypes. However, more unanswered questions seem to arise from these new discoveries. For example, is there an association between the bile acid requirement and the prevalence of certain genotypes? That is, the GII.1 and GII.10 (bile acid binders) genotypes rarely caused outbreaks, whereas the GII.4 and GII.17 genotypes (bile acid nonbinders) were responsible for large epidemics. Therefore, it seems plausible that certain genotypes require bile acids, whereas others have modified their bile acid requirements on the capsid. ABSTRACT A recently developed human norovirus cell culture system revealed that the presence of bile enhanced or was an essential requirement for the growth of certain genotypes. Before this discovery, histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) were the only well-studied cofactor known for human noroviruses, and there was evidence that several genotypes poorly bound HBGAs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate how human norovirus capsids interact with bile acids. We found that bile acids had low-micromolar affinities for GII.1, GII.10, and GII.19 capsids but did not bind GI.1, GII.3, GII.4, or GII.17. We showed that bile acid bound at a partially conserved pocket on the norovirus capsid-protruding (P) domain using X-ray crystallography. Amino acid sequence alignment and structural analysis delivered an explanation of selective bile acid binding. Intriguingly, we discovered that binding of the bile acid was the critical step to stabilize several P domain loops that optimally placed an essential amino acid side chain (Asp375) to bind HBGAs in an otherwise HBGA nonbinder (GII.1). Furthermore, bile acid enhanced HBGA binding for a known HBGA binder (GII.10). Altogether, these new data suggest that bile acid functions as a loop-stabilizing regulator and enhancer of HBGA binding for certain norovirus genotypes. IMPORTANCE Given that human norovirus virions likely interact with bile acid during a natural infection, our evidence that an HBGA nonbinder (GII.1) can be converted to an HBGA binder after bile acid binding is of major significance. Our data provide direct evidence that, like HBGAs, bile acid interaction on the capsid is an important cofactor for certain genotypes. However, more unanswered questions seem to arise from these new discoveries. For example, is there an association between the bile acid requirement and the prevalence of certain genotypes? That is, the GII.1 and GII.10 (bile acid binders) genotypes rarely caused outbreaks, whereas the GII.4 and GII.17 genotypes (bile acid nonbinders) were responsible for large epidemics. Therefore, it seems plausible that certain genotypes require bile acids, whereas others have modified their bile acid requirements on the capsid.
Decoding Brain Representations by Multimodal Learning of Neural Activity and Visual Features

This work presents a novel method of exploring human brain-visual representations, with a view towards replicating these processes in machines. The core idea is to learn plausible computational and biological representations by correlating human neural activity and natural images. Thus, we first propose a model, EEG-ChannelNet, to learn a brain manifold for EEG classification. After verifying that visual information can be extracted from EEG data, we introduce a multimodal approach that uses deep image and EEG encoders, trained in a siamese configuration, for learning a joint manifold that maximizes a compatibility measure between visual features and brain representations. We then carry out image classification and saliency detection on the learned manifold. Performance analyses show that our approach satisfactorily decodes visual information from neural signals. This, in turn, can be used to effectively supervise the training of deep learning models, as demonstrated by the high performance of image classification and saliency detection on out-of-training classes. The obtained results show that the learned brain-visual features lead to improved performance and simultaneously bring deep models more in line with cognitive neuroscience work related to visual perception and attention.