Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Voltage stability monitoring using a modified thevenin impedance

This paper presents a method for voltage stability monitoring based on the maximum power transfer to the load. The only required information is the system topology, the data from PMUs and the operational status of synchronous generators. With this information, the Thevenin impedance seen from a load bus can be estimated and by using the Thevenin theorem for maximum power transfer an impedance based stability index can be established. Since the Thevenin impedance is influenced by the operational conditions of the synchronous generators, it is consequently not a constant value and differs from the short circuit impedance of the bus. It is emphasized that the method requires only the information of the considered subsystem. Therefore, since the computation requirement is insignificant, the algorithm can be used for online monitoring. The validation of the approach is achieved by simulating a simple transmission system.
Seller Concentration, Barriers to Entry, and Rates of Return in Thirty Industries, 1950-1960

CONVENTIONAL price theory predicts that industries in which output is produced by a few dominant firms may, in the long run, earn higher rates of return on the owners' investment than the opportunity cost of the equity capital, commonly called the normal or competitive rate of return. The emphasis on the long run recognizes that actual profit rates may differ from normal in the short run for reasons independent of the number of sellers, e.g., changes in demand or cost which raise or lower profits until the reallocation of resources pushes the industry toward long-run equilibrium. The word "may" indicates that seller concentration is a necessary, but not sufficient, condition. For instance, if the few sellers fail to cooperate with regard to price and output, profits may well turn out to be normal. Or, if entry is relatively easy, the oligopolists may set a price close to the competitive level in order to discourage potential entrants. A price policy so designed is called limit pricing, the "limit" being that price above which entry would be attracted. ' Joe Bain has examined the latter possibility by measuring the influence of barriers to entry, classified as very high, substantial, and moderateto-low, on the profit rates of the leading firms in a sample of oligopolistic industries for the periods 1936-1940 and 1947-1951.2 He expected that the limit price and the monopoly price would probably coincide in the very high barrier class while oligopolists in markets with substantial or moderate barriers might find it profitable to set an entry-forestalling price below the monopoly level, a price which approaches the competitive price as entry barriers decrease. Therefore, profit rates should decline as barriers to entry decrease. Bain found a distinct difference between the average profit rates of those industries in the very high barrier category and those in the other classes. No such clear difference appeared between the substantial and the moderate-to-low barrier classes. He further found ". that seller concentration alone is not an adequate indicator of the probable incidence of extremes of excess profits and monopolistic output restriction. The concurrent influence of the condition of entry should clearly be taken into account. "' The purpose of this paper is to present the results of research into the relationship between seller concentration, barriers to entry, and profit rates for 1950 to 1960 to determine whether the pattern Bain found holds for a period of time that was not part of the Great Depression or of rapid postwar inflation. The findings support Bain's results, suggesting that a beginning has been made toward the accumulation of some evidence regarding the influence of two major aspects of market structure on rates of return.
GETTING INTO EUROPE: IDENTIFICATION, PREJUDICE AND POLITICS IN ENGLISH FOOTBALL CULTURE

This book is an investigation into the identifications and stories told by football supporters about some ill-defined entity called "Europe". The title is inspired by the often heard phrase that successful English football teams are aiming to "get into Europe", when they are actually seeking qualification to UEFA club competition. The core interest is therefore to consider whether the experiences of football fandom (and the ways in which these are recounted) may be developing identifications with Europe and whether this may legitimate the EU or assist in reducing intra-European xenophobia. This research is concerned with the consumption of football in English and European competitions, with more than one eye on fan perceptions of transnational developments in the sport and its possible socio-political resonance. Fan discourses are extremely important given that close to 13 million people walked through the turnstiles to watch Premier League (the highest division in English professional football) in 2005/6 season. Hundreds of millions of other fans watched the same games on television across the globe, to such an extent that television companies are prepared to pay £2.7bn for three seasons worth of Premiership games (BBC News 2007). However, the research is also centrally interested in the development of European identities, particularly in respect to the way „Europe‟ is consumed. It is concerned with the tensions of discourses which, on the one hand, present Europe as abstract and almost ill-definable and, on the other, with a Europe situated within everyday lived practices. So, this book is about both sport and Europe, which are two social issues of great social magnitude and in this book the voices of football fans – those that propel the sport to such levels - are heard.
Design of an energy-efficient accelerator for training of convolutional neural networks using frequency-domain computation

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) require high computation and memory demand for training. This paper presents the design of a frequency-domain accelerator for energy-efficient CNN training. With Fourier representations of parameters, we replace convolutions with simpler pointwise multiplications. To eliminate the Fourier transforms at every layer, we train the network entirely in the frequency domain using approximate frequency-domain nonlinear operations. We further reduce computation and memory requirements using sinc interpolation and Hermitian symmetry. The accelerator is designed and synthesized in 28nm CMOS, as well as prototyped in an FPGA. The simulation results show that the proposed accelerator significantly reduces training time and energy for a target recognition accuracy.
Awareness about scabies among general medical practitioners (GPs) of Karachi, Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the awareness of general medical practitioners (GPs) about scabies and to evaluate the differences in awareness, if any, between general medical practitioners graduated recently (last 10 years) and more than 10 years practicing in Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS A pre-tested questionnaire survey was conducted among 200 GPs through a cross-sectional study design and a descriptive analysis was performed. RESULTS Present study showed that a substantial number of GPs have inadequate knowledge regarding causative organism of scabies. If responding correctly to 75% of questions asked, is taken as the criterion for satisfactory awareness, only 36% of GPs had a satisfactory level of awareness. There was no effect of increasing age or years of experience on the level of awareness. CONCLUSION There is a general lack of knowledge regarding various aspects of scabies among GPs. Therefore, active intervention is required to improve their awareness.
Syndrome of orthostatic headaches and diffuse pachymeningeal gadolinium enhancement.

OBJECTIVE To characterize clinical and imaging features, biopsy findings, etiologic factors, and outcome in the syndrome of intracranial hypotension, headaches, and diffuse pachymeningeal gadolinium enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS We describe our experience with 26 consecutive patients with orthostatic headaches and diffuse pachymeningeal gadolinium enhancement, for all of whom clinical, imaging, and follow-up data were available. For 10 patients who had undergone meningeal biopsy, slide material was also reviewed. RESULTS The 15 men and 11 women ranged from 24 to 76 years of age. All 26 patients had postural headaches; in 22 patients, the headaches were completely alleviated by recumbency. Nausea or emesis, neck pain, horizontal diplopia, changes in hearing, photophobia, upper limb pains or paresthesias, visual blurring, or dysgeusia was noted in some of the patients. Cardinal MRI features were diffuse pachymeningeal gadolinium enhancement (100%), subdural collections of fluid (69%), and evidence of descent of the brain (62%) that sometimes resembled type I Chiari malformation. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressures were 40 mm or less in only 46%. In three patients, CSF pressures were consistently no less than 90 and as high as 130 mm of water. A variable pleocytosis of 5 or more cells/mm3 was noted in 15 patients (more than 40 cells/mm3 in 4 patients). A variable increase in CSF protein was noted in at least one spinal tap in 23 patients. Six patients had overdraining CSF shunts; CSF leak was documented in another 11 patients. Shunt revision or ligation and surgical correction of the leak led to a resolution of the clinical and MRI abnormalities in all cases thus treated. Improvement occurred with epidural blood patch in four patients. Three of the 12 patients treated supportively have remained symptomatic. Histologically, a thin subdural zone of fibroblasts and thin-walled vessels was noted in an amorphous matrix. Two patients with prolonged symptoms had a more pronounced proliferative reaction. CONCLUSION The syndrome of low-pressure headaches and pachymeningeal gadolinium enhancement is being recognized with increasing frequency. The source of the CSF leak can be demonstrated in many patients. Meningeal abnormalities are likely attributable to decreased CSF volume and hydrostatic CSF pressure changes. The prognosis is typically good.
Gamma Knife surgery for trigeminal neuralgia: a review of 450 consecutive cases.

OBJECT The success rates and side effects of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) are not fully clear. A comparison of data across previous reports is hampered by differences in treatment protocols, lengths of follow-up, and outcome criteria. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to knowledge of the efficacy of GKS in TN by reviewing data in a large group of patients with this disorder, who were treated with a uniform treatment protocol and evaluated using a well-established pain scale and Kaplan-Meier analysis. METHODS The authors reviewed 450 treatments in 365 patents with medically refractory TN who were treated between June 2002 and October 2009 at the Gamma Knife Center Tilburg. In all patients 80 Gy was prescribed, with a single 4-mm isocenter located at the root entry zone (REZ). In 79 patients repeated GKS was performed using a uniform dose of 80 Gy, which was delivered, in a highly standardized manner, to a spot anterior to the position of the first treatment. Follow-up was obtained by reviewing the patients' medical records and conducting telephone interviews. Outcome was assessed using the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) pain scale and the BNI facial numbness scale. RESULTS The median follow-up period was 28 months. In the idiopathic TN group, rates of adequate pain relief, defined as BNI Pain Scores I-IIIB, were 75%, 60%, and 58% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. In the multiple sclerosis (MS)-related TN group the rates of adequate pain relief were 56%, 30%, and 20% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Repeated GKS was as successful as the first. An analysis of our treatment strategy of repeated GKS showed rates of adequate pain relief of 75% at 5 years in the idiopathic TN and 46% in the MS-related TN group. Somewhat bothersome numbness was reported by 6% of patients after the first treatment and by 24% after repeated GKS. Very bothersome numbness was reported in 0.5% after the first GKS and in 2% after the second treatment. CONCLUSIONS In this study the authors analyzed outcomes of GKS in a large cohort of patients with TN; uniform treatment consisted of 80 Gy delivered to the REZ. The initial and long-term outcomes of pain relief and sensory dysfunction are comparable to recently published results at other institutions, where similar outcome criteria were used. These data should prove helpful to assist patients and clinicians in their TN management decisions.
Cytokinin-Dependent Photorespiration and the Protection of Photosynthesis during Water Deficit1[W][OA]

We investigated the effects of PSARK∷IPT (for Senescence-Associated Receptor Kinase∷Isopentenyltransferase) expression and cytokinin production on several aspects of photosynthesis in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv SR1) plants grown under optimal or restricted (30% of optimal) watering regimes. There were no significant differences in stomatal conductance between leaves from wild-type and transgenic PSARK-IPT plants grown under optimal or restricted watering. On the other hand, there was a significant reduction in the maximum rate of electron transport as well as the use of triose-phosphates only in wild-type plants during growth under restricted watering, indicating a biochemical control of photosynthesis during growth under water deficit. During water deficit conditions, the transgenic plants displayed an increase in catalase inside peroxisomes, maintained a physical association among chloroplasts, peroxisomes, and mitochondria, and increased the CO2 compensation point, indicating the cytokinin-mediated occurrence of photorespiration in the transgenic plants. The contribution of photorespiration to the tolerance of transgenic plants to water deficit was also supported by the increase in transcripts coding for enzymes involved in the conversion of glycolate to ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. Moreover, the increase in transcripts indicated a cytokinin-induced elevation in photorespiration, suggesting the contribution of photorespiration in the protection of photosynthetic processes and its beneficial role during water stress.
Investigating contact toxicity of Geranium and Artemisia essential oils on Bemisia tabaci Gen.

Objective: Sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gen. (B. tabaci), is one of the most important pests of various greenhouse crops in Iran. Nowadays, chemical insecticides are broadly used for control of the pests that causes risk to consumer's health. For the first time, contact toxicity of Pelargonium roseum Andrews and Artemisia sieberi Besser essential oils on B. tabaci and its possible application against the whitefly was evaluated in 2012. Materials and Methods: Essential oil with concentrations of 2500, 1250, 125, and 12 ppm were used. Infested leaves of greenhouse cucumber were treated by mentioned concentrations. After 24 hours, mortality of B. tabaci was recorded and compared after correcting by Abbot's formula. Results: Results showed that all concentrations of the essential oil could significantly reduce population of B. tabaci compared with the control treatment. Phytotoxicity of the treated leaves were recorded after 24, 48, and 72 hours and compared with the control. Concentrations of 2500, 1250, and 125 ppm caused severe phytotoxicity on greenhouse cucumber leaves and therefore are not suitable for greenhouse application. Phytotoxicity of 12 ppm was relatively low. Conclusions: This data implicated suitable protective effects of the essential oils to the pest infestation. Therefore, essential oils distillated from Geranium and Artemisia could be applied to control B. tabaci in greenhouse cucumber at V/V 12 ppm.
When do older adults turn to the internet for health information? Findings from the wisconsin longitudinal study

AbstractBACKGROUND: Understanding how and when patients use nonphysician sources of health information is important to facilitate shared decision making within provider outpatient visits. However, little is known about which older adults seek health information on the internet or when. OBJECTIVE: To determine how patient characteristics are related to seeking health information online and to the timing of these searches in relation to doctor visits. PARTICIPANTS: Six thousand two hundred and seventy-nine respondents (aged 63 to 66 years) who completed the 2004 round of phone and mail surveys (70% response) as part of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study Graduate Sample. MEASUREMENTS: Self-reported use of the internet to search for health information and timing of use. RESULTS: One-third of respondents had searched online for information about their own health or health care. Half of these searched for health information unrelated to their last doctor visit, while 1/3 searched after a visit, and 1/6 searched before. Among respondents with internet access at home or work, years of education (odds ratio [OR]=1.09, confidence interval [CI]=1.06 to 1.13) and openness-to-experience (OR=1.26, CI=1.16 to 1.36) were positively associated with searching online for health information irrespective of timing in relation to doctor visits. Compared with those who had never sought health information online, sicker individuals (especially those with cancer, OR=1.51, CI=1.14 to 1.99) were more likely to seek information online after a doctor visit. Attitudinal and personality factors were related to seeking health information online before or unrelated to a visit. CONCLUSIONS: There are important differences in the timing of online health information searches by psychological and health characteristics among older adults with internet access.
High‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in multifocal motor neuropathy

We treated five consecutive patients with multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). Four patients had increased levels of anti-asialo-GM1 IgM and two of anti-GM1 IgM as well; one patient had no reactivity. We treated them twice with 0.4 g/kg IVIg for 5 consecutive days at a 2-month interval, followed by maintenance infusions up to 6 to 12 months. All patients with high anti-asialo-GM1 had a consistent clinical improvement starting 3 to 10 days after the first IVIg course; in one patient, recovery was complete and persistent for 12 months without additional treatment, while in three patients, improvement only lasted 20 to 30 days. There was a similar improvement in these patients after the second course of IVIg which was maintained by periodic 2-day IVIg infusions. Clinical improvement in these patients was associated with a reduction of conduction block in most, but not all, motor nerves, while antibody titers were not consistently modified by treatment. There was no clinical or electrophysiologic improvement in the patient without antiglycolipid activity after 6 months of IVIg. IVIg may be a safe and effective therapy for MMN.
Assessment of the ISO 9001 functioning on an example of relations with suppliers development: empirical study for transitional economy conditions

In this paper, a model for the development of relationships with suppliers in order to create long-term partnerships, while following the requirements of ISO 9001 standard, was defined. Research has shown that the same relations with suppliers that exist between standardised companies (SC) and non-standardised companies (NSC) within the set of suppliers, also exist between NSC and NSC within the set of companies. Creating partnerships between SC and NSC suppliers is not possible, while obtained results show the opposite, which clearly indicates that the certification in the studied economy is being performed pro forma.
On the determination of resonant modes of dielectric objects using surface Integral equations

Although surface integral equations have been extensively used for solving the scattering problem of arbitrarily shaped dielectric objects, when applied to the resonance problem, there are still some issues not fully addressed by the literature. In this paper, the method of moments with Rao-Wilton-Glisson basis functions is applied to the electric field integral equation (EFIE) for solving the resonance problem of dielectric objects. The resonant frequency is obtained by searching for the minimum of the reciprocal of the condition number of the impedance matrix in the complex frequency plane, and the modal field distribution is obtained through singular value decomposition (SVD). The determinant of the impedance matrix is not used since it is difficult to find its roots. For the exterior EFIE, the original basis functions are used as testing functions; for the interior EFIE, the basis functions rotated by 90/spl deg/ are used as testing functions. To obtain an accurate modal field solution, the impedance matrix needs to be reduced by half before SVD is applied to it. Numerical results are given and compared with those obtained by using the volume integral equation.
Noncontact Respiration Monitoring During Sleep With Microwave Doppler Radar

This paper demonstrates the measurement of respiration waveform during sleep with a noncontact radar sensor. Instead of measuring only the respiration rate, the methods that allow monitoring the absolute respiration displacement were studied. Absolute respiration displacement can in theory be measured with a quadrature microwave Doppler radar sensor and using the nonlinear demodulation as the channel combining method. However, in this paper, relative respiration displacement measures were used as a reference. This is the first time that longer data sets have been analyzed successfully with the nonlinear demodulation method. This paper consists of whole-night recordings of three patients in an uncontrolled environment. The reference respiration data were obtained from a full polysomnography recorded simultaneously. The feasibility of the nonlinear demodulation in a real-life setting has been unclear. However, this paper shows that it is successful most of the time. The coverage of successfully demodulated radar data was ~58%-78%. The use of the nonlinear demodulation is not possible in the following cases: 1) if the chest wall displacement is too small compared with the wavelength of the radar; 2) if the radar data do not form an arc-like shape in the I Q-plot; or 3) if there are large movement artifacts present in the data. Both in academic literature and in commercial radar devices, the data are processed based on the presumption that it forms either an arc or a line in the I Q-plot. Our measurements show that the presumption is not always valid.