Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation of Compressive Failure of Truncated Conical Ice Specimens

In total, twenty-eight (28) small-scale ice indentation tests have been carried out to study the compressive failure of polycrystalline ice during indentation and to explore the link between various parameters that influence the ice failure processes, using ice specimens having a truncated conical geometry. Taper angle, temperature, indentation rate, indenter shape and grain size are considered as controlled variables in this research program. For the experiments, three geometric configurations (with taper angles of 13°, 21°, 30°) have been used, conducted at temperatures of -10°C and -5°C. Indentation rates of 0.1 mm/s, 1 mm/s and 10 mm/s have been considered using two indenter shapes (a flat plate and a spherical indenter). Two grain size ranges were considered for these tests. The total force and pressure were found to show dependencies on the indentation rate. The force becomes higher and failure process changes from brittle to ductile as indentation rate decreases. For example, in case of the 21o taper angle ice sample, maximum ice loads were 20 kN and 145 kN and peak pressures were 8 MPa and 18 MPa for indentation speeds of 10 mm/s and 0.1 mm/s respectively. The total force also depends on the taper angle of ice sample. The loads increase as the ice samples become flatter. So, the 13° ice sample was stronger than the 30° ice sample. Different shaped indenters also observed to have distinct experimental outputs. Tests that were done using the spherical indenter show lower forces than the tests that were done using the flat indenter. Effects of temperature reveal that the warm tests show a greater tendency to ductile failure than cold tests having same parameters. The ice samples with smaller ice seeds need more force to fail compared to ice samples with bigger ice seeds. To observe the microstructural modification, horizontal and vertical thin-sections of the damaged ice adjacent to the indenter have been examined. Ice particles were collected from the testing area following each experiment to observe the influence of different factors on the particle size distributions. The effect of each variable on observed failure processes and associated loads are presented in the thesis.
‘Becoming’ a possible threat: masculinity, culture and questioning among unaccompanied young men in Sweden

ABSTRACT A debate on masculinity and immigration rose across Europe in 2015 after an incident with sexual harassments taking place in Cologne, Germany. The incident refuelled a debate positioning unaccompanied young men as a possible threat. This article is based on a research project where we during this time ethnographically followed 20 young men, having arrived in Sweden as ‘unaccompanied’ minors. The aim is to examine how the young men themselves talk about, reflect on and negotiate masculinity and gender during this period. The article concludes that masculinity cannot be approached as something stable easily being inherited or transferred from one’s origins. One difference for ‘unaccompanied’ young men is how conflicts or tensions emerging in relation to issues of gender and masculinity tend to be interpreted differently, and publicly, putting the young men in a ‘gendered situation of questioning’.
Comparison of the air voids characteristics of different hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixture types

The internal structure of the hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures plays an important role in the response and performance of these paving mixtures. The objective of this paper is to conduct a quantitative comparison of the differences in internal structure -evaluated in terms of the air voids (AV) characteristics- of four HMA mixture types. Although the performance assessment of the HMA mixtures analyzed is out of the scope of this paper, the comparison conducted is useful to improve the understanding of the differences exhibited, at the macroscopic level, by different HMA mixture types. The AVcharacteristics (i.e., content, distribution, and size) were computed based on analysis of X-ray Computed Tomography images obtained from specimens compacted using the Superpave gyratory compactor (SGC). Corresponding results and analysis suggested that the mixtures studied presented irregular vertical distributions of total AV content and AV size, with a degree of heterogeneity that is mixture dependent, but not specimen dependent. Consequently, the specific laboratory procedure used to obtain SGC compacted specimens should be designed based on both the specimen height and mixture type. In addition, the comparative analysis also indicated that the mixtures considered as "difficult to handle" in the laboratory (i.e., PFC mixtures fabricated with asphalt rubber) did not exhibit the highest degree of heterogeneity in their internal structure. This conclusion suggests the need for proper handling of all types of HMA mixtures to get true replicate specimens
Job Resourcefulness, Customer Orientation and Employees Outcomes: A Study of Hotel Employees in Pakistan

Increased competition and a rapidly changing environment present a huge challenge to organizations in implementing effective human capital and development strategies to boost their efficiency and overall performance. An organization’s human resource is definitively its most significant asset. The provisions of important job resources help workforce perform their job in an efficient way. These resources are very important for employee satisfaction and performance of the organization. This study was carried out to examine the impact of job resourcefulness (JR) on two employee outcomes i.e., job engagement and career satisfaction directly as well as indirectly through customer orientation. A convenient sample of 257 employees was taken from hospitality industry within twin cities of Pakistan (Rawalpindi and Islamabad). Questionnaires were used to collect data using a five point Likert type scale. Job resourcefulness was operationalized using four items from Harris et al. (2006) whereas customer orientation was measured using four items from Licata et al. (2003). Five items were selected from career satisfaction scale developed by Greenhaus et al. (1990). Finally, nine items scale of job engagement developed by (Schaufeli, Bakker et al. 2006) was also used. The results exhibit that all the variables are positively and significantly related. Moreover, the findings are indicative of customer orientation’s role as a mediator between job resourcefulness and employee outcomes. Recommendations for future research and research implications are also discussed at the end of the paper.
Airflow Resistance in Walnuts

The harvested walnut has a relatively high moisture content of 30% compared with the safe storage moisture content of 8%. One of the common means of reducing the moisture content is by drying. For design of drying and other aeration systems for agricultural products including walnuts, the relationship between the drop in pressure and airflow velocity must be known. An airflow resistance apparatus was designed and manufatured to measure the airflow resistance of walnuts. This apparatus consisted of an air compressor, a rotameter, a cylindrical bin and an inclined U-tube manometer. The pressure, drops at airflow velocities of 0.085 to 0.55 (m 3 /s)/m 2 , were measured at a constant depth of the nuts. Airflow resistance equations were fitted to the measured data. The results showed that, by increasing airflow rates, an increased drop in pressure was achieved through out walnut column. To study the effect of walnut moisture content on airflow resistance, the drop in pressure was measured at different moisture contents levels of 8.6%, 15.5%, 21.3% and 27%. Results indicated that the drop in pressure decreased with increasing moisture content, especially for high airflow rates.
Working with adolescents with mental disorders:the efficacy of a multiprofessional intervention

The aim of this work was to compare multiprofessional and uniprofessional interventions applied to adolescent patients affected by psychiatric disorders. The initial hypothesis is that a multiprofessional intervention is more efficacy than a single one. A hundred individuals, 66 males and 34 females, aged between 12 and 19 years affected by emotional and behavioural problems, were selected and divided into 5 groups under the therapeutic treatment. Subjects, after diagnosis (ICD 10) and therapeutic suggestion, were clinically followed for 12 months. The Global Assessment Functioning Scale (GAF) was used to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of interventions. The outcome is associated with the type of intervention: who got clinically better are those patients who underwent multiprofessional integrated therapy rather then a single intervention.
DO COMMONALITIES BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND MARKETING OCCUR IN THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

The paper focuses on the commonalities between Entrepreneurship and Marketing. Entrepreneurial marketing has not clearly shown the common grounds between the two disciplines. Organizations are learning that the skills acquired and mastered are not effectively matching the rapidly evolving conditions in the market. This development has impacted revenue and equally reveals the potent place of marketing in entrepreneurship. The methodology is exploratory, textual in design and divided into sections. The article contends that there is a circular links between entrepreneurship and marketing. Entrepreneurial activities create marketing and marketing creates entrepreneurial activities. Marketing interfaced Entrepreneurship by fostering positive rewards and risk minimization for the entrepreneurs through marketing mix. By implication, managers aspiring competitive edge must promote mutual interaction of the two concepts.
Transient IFN-γ synthesis in the lymph node draining a dermal site loaded with UV-irradiated herpes simplex virus type 1: an NK- and CD3-dependent process regulated by IL-12 but not by IFN-α/β

Our previous studies have shown that UV-inactivated, non-replicating herpes simplex virus type 1 (UV-HSV-1) triggers early and transient synthesis of IFN-α/β in the mouse regional lymph node when delivered upstream (i.e. in the ear dermis). In this study, it is demonstrated, by use of a quantitative RT–PCR readout assay, that IFN-γ mRNA expression was rapidly and transiently upregulated in draining lymph nodes when UV-HSV-1 was delivered in the ear dermis of C57Bl/6 mice. An increased number of IFN-γ-producing cells was also detected in the lymph node by flow cytometric analysis. Two different subsets of cells, namely DX5+ NK cells and CD3ϵ+ T cells, accounted for this early IFN-γ synthesis. Prompt upregulation of IFN-α and IL-12p40 mRNA was also recorded. We took advantage of IFN-α/β-receptor knockout and wild-type 129 mice to study a potential role of IFN-α/β in the signalling pathway leading to IFN-γ transcription/translation. IFN-γ mRNA upregulation still occurred in IFN-α/β-receptor−/− mice, showing that IFN-α/β was dispensable. The use of IL-12-neutralizing antibodies, prior to UV-HSV-1 delivery, confirmed the major role played by IL-12 in the early/transient IFN-γ burst.
Evolution of the ISM in luminous infrared galaxies

Aims. Molecules that trace the high-density regions of the interstellar medium may be used to evaluate the changing physical and chemical environment during the ongoing nuclear activity in (ultra-) luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). Methods. The changing ratios of the HCN (1-0), HNC (1-0), HCO(+) (1-0), CN (1-0) and CN (2-1), and CS (3-2) transitions were compared with the HCN (1-0)/CO (1-0) ratio, which is proposed to represent the progression time scale of the starburst. These diagnostic diagrams were interpreted using the results of theoretical modeling with a large physical and chemical network to describe the state of the nuclear ISM in the evolving galaxies. Results. Systematic changes are seen in the line ratios as the sources evolve from early stage for the nuclear starburst (ULIRGs) to later stages. These changes result from changing environmental conditions and particularly from the lowering of the average density of the medium. A temperature rise due to mechanical heating of the medium by feedback explains the lowering of the ratios at later evolutionary stages. Infrared pumping may affect the CN and HNC line ratios during early evolutionary stages. Conclusions. Molecular transitions display a behavior that relates to changes of the environment during an evolving nuclear starburst. Molecular properties may be used to designate the evolutionary stage of the nuclear starburst. The HCN(1-0)/CO(1-0) and HCO(+)(1-0)/HCN(1-0) ratios serve as indicators of the time evolution of the outburst.
PROGRESS IN DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TURBULENT HEAT TRANSFER

With high performance computers, reliable numerical methods and efficient post-processing environment, direct numerical simulation (DNS) offers valuable numerical experiments for turbulent heat transfer research. In particular, one can extensively study the turbulence dynamics and transport mechanism by visualizing any physical variable in space and time. It is also possible to establish detailed database of various turbulence statistics of turbulent transport phenomena, while systematically changing important flow and scalar field parameters. The present paper illustrates these novelties of DNS by introducing several examples in r ecent studies. Future directions of DNS for turbulence and heat transfer research are also discussed. In the following, with introductory remarks on computational requirement for respectable DNS, progress in numerical techniques is first reviewed. Then, an effort to reveal the effect of Prandtl number on turbulent heat transfer is sketched with an emphasis on the new techniques developed for making DNS over a wide range of Prandtl number possible. Both methods of saving grid points and Lagrangian particle tracking are found very useful in the future work on turbulent heat and mass transfer. The complex buoyancy effects on turbulent transport are discussed in a series of DNSs of horizontal and vertical channel flows. It is found that the buoyancy effect appears much differently depending upon the directional alignment of the buoyant force and the mean flow. In the vertical flow, the buoyancy effect results in an increased or decreased Reynolds number effect, which appears through a change in the Reynolds stress distribution and hence in the shear production rate of turbulent kinetic energy near the wall. In the horizontal flow, however, it causes substantial alternation in the turbulence structures and transport mechanism so that the resultant heat transfer coefficient would behave in a much more complex manner. The thermal plumes and internal gravity waves characteristic of these flows play an important role in the interaction with the quasi-coherent structures of wall turbulence. DNSs of the channel flow under active turbulence and heat transfer control are discussed finally. In these simulations, an array of micro deformation actuators on a wall surface or intelligent micro particles are tested as control schemes. It is shown that these sophisticated devices possibly bring about notable friction drag reduction and heat transfer enhancement. A perspective view is given that DNS will be even more useful in evaluating future turbulence control methodologies based on new algorithms such as optimum control theory and neural networks. These simulations have been triggered by the rapid development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, but hopefully future DNSs will lead further development of MEMS-based controller units integrating micro sensors, micro actuators and IC.
Growth and reproduction of brown comber (Serranus hepatus Linnaeus, 1758) in the central Aegean Sea, Turkey

The growth and reproduction of brown comber (Serranus hepatus Linnaeus, 1758) were studied using specimens collected from the central Aegean Sea between July 2004 and June 2007. A total of 2410 specimens were analyzed, and of those, 2290 individuals were mature and 120 individuals were juvenile. Analyses covered all individuals because the species is a simultaneous hermaphrodite. The length-weight relationship was determined as W = 0.013L3. 11, indicating a positive allometric growth for all samples. The estimated von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L\infinity = 13.19 cm, k = 0.252 y-1, and to = -0.630 y, and the infinite weight (W\infinity) was calculated as 39.38 g. The growth performance index (j') of the stock was calculated as 1.642. The first reproduction length was found to be 7.76 cm, corresponding to 3 years of age. The spawning period of the species was determined between May and October.
Hearing loss and ossicular status in cholesteatoma

Background: Chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma is associated with hearing loss. Cholesteatoma causes bone erosion leading to ossicular chain defects. These ossicular lesions are only detected intraoperatively. If the ossicular status could be detected preoperatively by audiometric parameters, it would aid in better information to the patient, surgeon and preparation for the surgery. The aim of this study is to describe the intraoperative ossicular status, preoperative hearing status and to correlate them in patients with cholesteatoma.Methods: This is a retrospective case series study conducted in a tertiary care centre. Data was collected from inpatient files of 47 patients who underwent surgery for cholesteatoma from January 2016 to December 2017. Air and bone conduction thresholds, air- bone gaps from pure tone audiometry (PTA) reports were collected. The status of the ossicles was collected from the operative notes. Results: PTA revealed hearing loss in all the patients, predominantly conductive loss (83%). Ossicular defects were noted in 87% with incus most frequently involved (78.7%). Ossicular lesions were significantly associated with worse air conduction, bone conduction thresholds and air bone gap.Conclusions: Cholesteatoma is frequently associated with ossicular defects. PTA shows worse parameters in ossicular defects. But, it doesn’t reflect the status of ossicle involved or the number of ossicles involved.
Structural Performance of Steel Pipe Splice for SD500 High-strength Reinforcing Bar under Cyclic Loading

It is the purpose of this study to evaluate the structural performance of steel pipe splice for SD500 high-strength reinforcing bar, through a cyclic loading test. The experimental variables adopted in this study include the development length of rebar, the type of sleeve, and size of reinforcing bar, among others. The results of this study showed that the developed steel pipe splice system for SD500 high-strength reinforcing bar, retained the structural performance required in domestic, ACI and AIJ code. It is considered that the study result presented in this paper can be helpful in developing a reasonable design method for a steel pipe splice system for SD500 high-strength reinforcing bar.
Molecular Characterization of Endophytic Fungi Associated with High-Altitude Juniperus Trees and Their Antimicrobial Activities

Fungal endophytes were isolated from twigs of Juniperus procera (Cupressaceae) collected from Taif region, Saudi Arabia). Twenty six different taxa were recovered. The overall foliar colonization rate was 36%. A total of 144 isolates were obtained and identified into 6 distinct operational taxonomic units (OTUs) based on the sequencing of the ITS regions of the rRNA gene. The most prevalent fungi were Aspergillus fumigates, Penicillium oxalicum, Preussia sp. , Peyronellaea eucalyptica, Peyronellaea sancta and Alternaria tenuissima. A total of 144 isolates were tested for antibacterial and antifungal activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans and Fusarium solani 52 isolates showed antimicrobial activity against at least one of the tested microbes. Aspergillus fumigates (7 isolates), Hypocrea lutea (4), Penicillium oxalicum (10) and Preussia sp. (5) presented the strongest antimicrobial activity. This study confirmed the variation of different isolates of the same species in the term of antibacterial activity. Also, it indicates that the endophytic fungi of Juniperus procera plants should be another potential source of bioactive antimicrobial agents. (Youssuf A. Gherbawy and Hesham M. Elhariry. Molecular Characterization of Endophytic Fungi Associated with High-Altitude Juniperus Trees and Their Antimicrobial Activities. Life Sci J 2014;11(2):19-30). (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 3
Hagfishes of Taiwan (II): Taxonomy as Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Diversity

Kao-Feng Huang, Hin-Kiu Mok and Pien-Chien Huang (1994) Hagfishes of Taiwan (II): Taxonomy as inferred from mitochondrial DNA diversity. Zoological Studies 33(3): 186-191. Parallel studies based on morphological characteristics suggest the classification of four new higfish species (Kuo et al. 1994). We compared restriction patterns of hagfish mitochondrial DNA and found that two species (Paramyxine sheni and P. wisneri) have homologous but distinct mitochondrial genomes in contrast to other species in this genus. However, P. sheni individuals display a high frequency of heteroplasmy. Thus there is agreement between morphological and molecular taxonomic classifications of hagfish.
EVALUATION OF HIGH TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF DIFFERENT ANOECTOCHILUS GERMPLASM RESOURCES

Anoectochilus genus is a precious Chinese medicinal plant. High temperature is among the critical factors that threatens plant growth in the Anoectochilus genus. The experiment was conducted at Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Improvement of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China. Two lab experiments were conducted to evaluate the high temperature tolerance of different Anoectochilus germplasm resource and the physiological responses of high-temperature-resistant and sensitive Anoectochilus to high temperature. Heat injury index, recovery index, soluble protein contents, proline content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, relative electrical conductivity (REC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity were investigated. The results showed that, the recovery index was strongly negatively correlated with the heat injury index. The mean heat injury index at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 30 h and 36 h under high temperature were 5.17%, 16.90%, 39.96%, 53.70% and 70.61%, respectively. Five high-temperature-resistant species of Anoectochilus were selected. Compared with high-temperature-sensitive species of Anoectochilus germplasm, the high-temperature-resistant Anoectochilus germplasm had higher SOD activity, proline content and lower REC, CAT activity, MDA, and soluble protein content. REC, SOD activity and soluble protein content were strongly related to heat injury index. In conclusion, REC, SOD activity and soluble protein content are important attributes that could help to screen out the high temperature tolerant varieties of Anoectochilus.
Analytical treatments of micro-channel and micro-capillary flows

Extensive work in the field of micro-channel and micro-capillary flows using the extended Navier- Stokes equations are carried out in this paper by taking the diffusive mass transport into account and provided the basis for analytical treatments of these flows. The results are compared with experimental results for micro-channels and showed good agreement. It is found that a characteristic pressure is useful to explain the comparisons. In addition, the work on micro-channel flows is extended to micro-capillary flows, to provide analytical treatments of this class of flows. The analytical results show similar behavior to that of micro-channel flows. Comparisons between the analytical results and experimental findings are also presented and discussed by introducing the characteristic pressure.