Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A laboratory study of rock properties affecting the penetration rate of pneumatic top hammer drills

Having collected rock samples from eight mines and one high way slope, the researchers did some tests on the samples to determine dry density, Uniaxial Compressive Strength, tensile Strength (Brazilian Test), elastic modulus, Schmidt hammer rebound number. In addition, a thin section of each rock was studied to calculate the mean size of rock grains, quartz content, hardness and abrasivity. The rock samples were finally drilled using an actual pneumatic top hammer drilling machine with a 3½ inche diameter cross type bit. Regression analyses showed that Brazilian tensile strength (R 2 =0.81), uniaxial compressive strength (R 2 =0.77) and Schmidt hammer rebound (R 2 =0.73) have the most significant effect on drilling rate and have
Risk stratification of ER‐positive breast cancer patients: A multi‐institutional validation and outcome study of the Rochester Modified Magee algorithm (RoMMa) and prediction of an Oncotype DX® recurrence score <26

The skyrocketing cost of health‐care demands that we question when to use multigene assay testing in the planning of treatment for breast cancer patients. A previously published algorithmic model gave recommendations for which cases to send out for Oncotype DX® (ODX) testing. This study is a multi‐institutional validation of that algorithmic model in 620 additional estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cases, with outcome data on 310 cases, named in this study as the Rochester Modified Magee algorithm (RoMMa). RoMMa correctly predicted 85% (140/164) and 100% (17/17) of cases to have a low‐ or high‐risk ODX recurrence score, respectively, consistent with the original publication. Applying our own risk stratification criteria, in patients who received appropriate hormonal therapy, only one of the 45 (2.0%) patients classified as low risk by our original algorithm have been associated with a breast cancer recurrence over 5‐10 years of follow‐up. Eight of 116 (7.0%) patients classified as low risk by ODX have been associated with a breast cancer recurrence with up to 11 years of follow‐up. In addition, 524 of 537 (98%) cases from our total population (n = 903) with an average modified Magee score ≤18 had an ODX recurrence score <26. Patients with an average modified Magee score ≤18 or >30 may not need to be sent out for ODX testing. By avoiding these cases sending out for ODX testing, the potential cost savings to the health‐care system in 2018 are estimated to have been over $100,000,000.
Ephrin/Eph receptor interaction facilitates macrophage recognition of differentiating human erythroblasts

Erythropoiesis is one of the most efficient cellular processes in the human body producing approximately 2.5 million red blood cells every second. This process occurs in a bone marrow niche comprised of a central resident macrophage surrounded by differentiating erythroblasts, termed an erythroblastic island. It is not known what initially attracts the macrophage to erythroblasts to form these islands. The ephrin/Eph receptor family are known to regulate heterophilic cell-cell adhesion. We find that human VCAM1+ and VCAM1– bone marrow macrophages and in vitro cultured macrophages are ephrin-B2 positive, whereas differentiating human erythroblasts express EPHB4, EPHB6 and EPHA4. Furthermore, we detect a rise in integrin activation on erythroblasts at the stage at which the cells bind which is independent of EPH receptor presence. Using a live cell imaging assay, we show that specific inhibitory peptides or shRNA depletion of EPHB4 cause a significant reduction in the ability of macrophages to interact with erythroblasts but do not affect integrin activation. This study demonstrates for the first time that EPHB4 expression is required on erythroblasts to facilitate the initial recognition and subsequent interaction with macrophages, alongside the presence of active integrins.
The utilisation of web-based teaching resources in large diverse classes: An empirical study

This paper describes a teaching research project which investigated the utilisation of web-based learning resources in a large undergraduate course taught by the Department of Politics and Public Policy in Griffith University's Business School. The study involved systematically tracking the manner in which specific student cohorts accessed and utilised various web-based resources across an entire semester. Having identified variations in the manner in which various students accessed these resources, students were surveyed in an attempt to explain some of the patterns of technology-rich learning (TRL) use identified. The paper concludes by discussing these findings for curriculum design in large diverse classes. Since its emergence over a decade ago, the Internet has transformed teaching and learning practices in universities. Its impact is clear in the proliferation of "flexible" courses where students engage with a learning environment which is radically different from the traditional lecture/tutorial formats, whereby knowledge is broken down into uniform weekly lessons. However, these so called technology-rich learning resources , are also reshaping traditional approaches to teaching. In these emerging mixed modes or hybrids, the Internet offers a range of new communication and resource tools. Tools such as email, bulletin boards and discussion forums are shaping interchanges with and between students, while systems such as Blackboard and WebCT allow us to make a large variety of material, from course outlines, lecture notes, supplementary readings, and self-assessment packages, available to students. Although we are becoming increasingly confident using these new tools, we still need to better understand how they impact on student learning. This paper, through systematically tracking and evaluating students' access of web-based resources in a large and diverse first-year class at Griffith University, makes a modest contribution to our understanding of how technology impacts on learning outcomes. The following paper has five sections. It begins with a brief overview of the literature on the utilisation and impact of web-based resources on teaching and learning in contemporary higher education, before describing the specific teaching and learning issues confronting the authors in their large introductory courses. The third section outlines the methodology used to track the use made by different student cohorts of specific web-based course resources across a single semester. The fourth section presents the quantitative and qualitative data on web use gathered during the project. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the implications of the analysis for curriculum design and teaching strategies. Combining the new and the old
INVESTIGATION OF SOME CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ASPARAGUS SPERNGERI

Objective: Asparagus sprengeri (A S) is an ornamental plant cultivated in EGYPT. This study was designed to investigate some lipid and flavanoid constituents, in addition to the evaluation of antioxidant activity of different extracts of the plant. Methods: Two phospholipid were identified by (HPTLC). The fatty acid methyl ester and unsaponifiable matter were analyzed by GC. Four flavonoids were isolated by CC and purified by PPc. Identification of isolated flavanoidal compounds was carried by spectroscopic analysis Viz, TLC,PC, UV, EL-MS and H -1 – NMR. The different extracts were tested for their free radical scavenging activity using DPPH and β-Carotene- linoleic acid bleaching assay. Results: Four flavonoids, were isolated, apigenin, dihydroquercitin, naringenin, apigenin- 7-o- glucoside Nine fatty acids, Myrestic and linoliec acids were the major components. The unsaponifiable matter was found to be a mixture of hydrocarbons from (C 13 – C 28 ) and cholesterol two classes of phospholipid were identified namely L-α-Phosphatidyl-DL-glycerol and L-α- Phosphatidylethanolamine. The alcoholic extract of the plant has moderate antioxidant activity with EC 50 0.114 and 0.110 mg/ml for the DppH and β-carotene methods respectively Conclusion: Asparagus sprengeri can be used as the natural antioxidant. Flavonoids are suggested to be a group of key antioxidants in Asparagus.
Cardiovascular morbidity in a randomized trial comparing GnRH-agonist and GnRH-antagonist among patients with advanced prostate-cancer and pre-existing cardiovascular disease.

PURPOSE Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) may increase risk of cardiovascular-disease (CVD). Limited data suggest that gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-antagonist may be associated with lower risk of CVD compared to GnRH-agonist. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a phase-II randomized open-label study among men with prostate-cancer and pre-existing CVD randomized to receive GnRH-agonists or antagonists for one year. Primary-outcome was endothelial-function measured by EndoPAT2000. Predefined secondary-outcome was a new incident of cardiovascular-event. Patients were followed for CVD development defined as death, myocardial infarction (MI), cerebrovascular-event (CVA), or percutaneous-angioplasty with coronary stent-insertion (PCA) or hospitalizations due to cardiac-events. RESULTS Eighty patients were enrolled (41 GnRH-antagonist, 39 GnRH-agonist). Patients in both arms had similar baseline characteristics. We did not detect a difference in primary endpoint, endothelial function between the groups (2.07±0.15 vs. 1.92±0.11, p=0.42). However, during the trial period, 15 developed a new cardiovascular-event, secondary endpoint. Of these, nine developed new major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular-event (MACCE) (two deaths, one MI, two CVA, and four PCA with stent). Twenty percent of patients randomized to GnRH-agonist had a MACCE compared to 3% antagonists (p=0.013). The absolute risk reduction for MACCE at 12 months using GnRH-antagonist was 18% (95%CI 5-31%, p=0.032). CONCLUSIONS This is the first prospective study to test cardiovascular-outcome among prostate-cancer patients receiving ADT. No differences in primary-endpoint were noted between arms. However, secondary-endpoint revealed that patients treated with GnRH-agonists had significantly more MACCE compared to GnRH-antagonists. These phase-II results suggest that in prostate-cancer patients with pre-existing CVD, the selection of ADT modality may differentially affect cardiac-outcomes.
Evaluating the physiological significance of hypoxic hyperventilation in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio)

ABSTRACT In water-breathing fishes, the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) represents an increase in water flow over the gills during exposure to lowered ambient O2 levels. The HVR is a critical defense mechanism that serves to delay the negative consequences of hypoxia on aerobic respiration. However, the physiological significance of the HVR in larval fishes is unclear as they do not have a fully developed gill and rely primarily on cutaneous gas transfer. Using larval zebrafish (4, 7, 10 and 15 days post-fertilization; dpf), we examined HVR under three levels of hypoxia (25, 45 and 60 mmHg). The larvae exhibited widely different HVRs as a function of developmental age and level of the hypoxia. Yet, critical O2 tensions (Pcrit) remained constant (30–34 mmHg) over the same period of development. Micro-optrode O2 sensors were used to measure a significant decrease in buccal cavity water O2 tensions in 4 and 7 dpf larvae compared with the water they inspired, demonstrating significant extraction of O2 from the buccal cavity. To assess the physiological significance of the HVR, ventilatory water flow was prevented in larvae at 4 and 7 dpf by embedding their heads in agar. An increase in Pcrit was observed in larvae at 7 dpf but not 4 dpf, suggesting that buccal ventilation is important for O2 extraction by 7 dpf. Combined, these data indicate that branchial/buccal gas transfer plays a significant role in O2 uptake during hypoxia, and supports a physiological benefit of the HVR in early life stages of zebrafish. Summary: Larval zebrafish are able to regulate their hypoxic ventilatory response, which significantly contributes to overall oxygen uptake under hypoxic conditions.
Socioeconomic differences in self-esteem of adolescents influenced by personality, mental health and social support

Previous studies indicate that self-esteem is lower among adolescents of low socioeconomic status and is associated with a number of intrapersonal, interpersonal and sociocultural factors. Evidence on the mechanisms by which these factors contribute to the connection between socioeconomic status and developing self-esteem is incomplete, however. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to assess whether personality, mental health and social support contribute to the relationship between socioeconomic status and self-esteem. A sample of 3,694 elementaryschool students from Slovakia (mean age 14.3 years, 49% boys) fi lled out the Rosenberg Self-esteem scale, the Family affl uence scale, the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, the 12-item General Health Questionnaire and the Perceived Social Support Scale. Hierarchical linear regression showed family affl uence, personality dimensions of extroversion, emotional stability and openness to experience, as well as mental health subscales and social support from family and signifi cant others to be associated with self-esteem. Results indicate that personality dimensions and mental health subscales contribute to the association between family affl uence and self-esteem. The contribution of personality and mental problems in the relation between socioeconomic status and self-esteem may have important implications for the design of promotional programs aimed at enhancing self-esteem.
Partial volume correction for quantitative CEST imaging of acute ischemic stroke

Contributions of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have not been previously taken into account in the quantification of APT CEST effects, and correction for the dilution of CEST effects by CSF may allow for more robust measurement of CEST signals. The objective of this study was to compare the robustness of a partial volume (PV) correction model against a standard (4‐pool) multi‐pool model as far as their ability to quantify CEST effects in healthy, normal, and pathological tissue.
Automatic and intentional influences on saccade landing 1 2

11 Saccadic eye-movements enable us to rapidly direct our high-resolution fovea onto relevant parts of 12 the visual world. However, while we can intentionally select a location as a saccade target, the wider 13 visual scene also influences our executed movements. In the presence of multiple objects, eye14 movements may be “captured” to the location of a distractor object, or be biased towards the 15 intermediate position between objects (the "global effect"). Here we examined how the relative 16 strengths of the global effect and visual object capture changed with saccade latency, the separation 17 between visual items and stimulus contrast. Importantly, while many previous studies have omitted 18 giving observers explicit instructions, we instructed participants to either saccade to a specified 19 target object or to the midpoint between two stimuli. This allowed us to examine how their explicit 20 movement goal influenced the likelihood that their saccades terminated at either the target, 21 distractor, or intermediate locations. Using a probabilistic mixture model, we found evidence that 22 both visual object capture and the global effect co-occurred at short latencies and declined as 23 latency increased. As object separation increased, capture came to dominate the landing positions 24 of fast saccades, with reduced global effect. Using the mixture model fits we dissociated the 25 proportion of unavoidably captured saccades to each location from those intentionally directed to 26 the task goal. From this we could extract the time-course of competition between automatic capture 27 and intentional targeting. We show that task instructions substantially altered the distribution of 28 saccade landing points, even at the shortest latencies. 29
Dose escalation and switching of biologics in ulcerative colitis: a systematic literature review in real-world evidence

Abstract Background: Biologics used to treat ulcerative colitis (UC) may lose their effect over time, requiring patients to undergo dose escalation or treatment switching, and systematic literature reviews of real-world evidence on these topics are lacking. Aim: To summarize the occurrence and outcomes of dose escalation and treatment switching in UC patients in real-world evidence. Methods: Studies were searched through MEDLINE, MEDLINE IN PROCESS, Embase and Cochrane (2006–2017) as well as proceedings from three major scientific meetings. Results: In total, 41 studies were included in the review among which 35 covered dose escalation and 12 covered treatment switching of biologics. Tumor necrosis factor antagonist (anti-TNF) escalation for all patients included at induction ranged from 5% (6 months) to 50% (median 0.67 years) and 15.2% to 70.8% (8 weeks) for anti-TNF induction responders. Mean/median time to dose escalation on anti-TNF ranged from 1.84 to 11 months. The most common switching pattern, infliximab → adalimumab, occurred in 3.8% (median 5.6 years) to 25.5% (mean 3.3 years) of patients. Conclusions: Dose escalation and treatment switching of biologics may be considered as indicators of suboptimal therapy suggesting a lack of long-term remission and response under current therapies.
Are Technology Improvements Contractionary?

Yes. We construct a measure of aggregate technology change, controlling for imperfect competition, varying utilization of capital and labor, and aggregation effects. On impact, when technology improves, input use falls sharply, and output may fall slightly. With a lag of several years, inputs return to normal and output rises strongly. We discuss what models could be consistent with this evidence. For example, standard one-sector real-business-cycle models are not, since they generally predict that technology improvements are expansionary, with inputs and (especially) output rising immediately. However, the evidence is consistent with simple sticky-price models, which predict the results we find: When technology improves, input use generally falls in the short run, and output itself may also fall.
The role of the epikarst in karst and cave hydrogeology: a review

The epikarst or subcutaneous zone is located at the top of the aerated or vadose zone in carbonate rocks. The vadose zone in karst comprises the soil (if there is any), the epikarst zone, and the transmission zone. From the epikarst, water percolates downwards through a zone dominated by transmission rather than storage that delivers recharge to the saturated or phreatic zone. In the sense of location, the epikarst is always present because it is the ‘skin’ of the karst; but in terms of hydrological function the detention and storage of recharge from rainfall in a subsurface aquifer the epikarst is often absent. These and other points were considered in the final discussion “What is Epikarst? ” in Jones et al. (2004a). Although virtually all work on epikarst has been conducted on carbonate terrains, an epikarst aquifer may also exist in other karst rocks, such as gypsum, but has received little or no study. When subaerially exposed in arid or semi-arid climates, gypsum acquires a sealing crust from recrystallization following alternate wetting and drying (Klimchouk 1996, Macaluso & Sauro 1996), not unlike the case-hardened crust acquired by calcareous aeolianites (Jennings 1968). Such crusts have little water storage capacity.
Use of Both Serum Cystatin C and Creatinine as Diagnostic Criteria for Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury and Its Correlation with Long-Term Major Adverse Events

Background/Aims: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) was traditionally defined as an increase in serum creatinine (sCr) after cardiac surgery. Recently, serum cystatin C (sCyC) has been proposed to be a better biomarker in the prediction of AKI. The clinical utility and performance of combining sCyC and sCr in patients with AKI, particularly for the prediction of long-term outcomes, remain unknown. Methods: We measured sCyC together with sCr in 628 patients undergoing cardiac surgery. sCyC and sCr were assessed at baseline and 24 and 48 h after surgery. CSA-AKI determined by sCr (CSA-AKIsCr) was defined as an sCr increase greater than 0.3 mg/dL or 50% from baseline. Major adverse events (MAEs; including death of any cause and dialysis) at 3 years were assessed. Results: CSA-AKIsCr developed in 178 patients (28.3%). Three-year follow-up was available for 621 patients; MAEs occurred in 42 patients (6.8%). An increase in sCyC concentration ≥30% within 48 h after surgery was detected in 228 patients (36.3%). This was the best sCyC cutoff for CSA-AKIsCr detection (negative predictive value = 88.8%, positive predictive value = 58.3%). To evaluate the use of both sCyC and sCr as CSA-AKI diagnostic criteria, we stratified patients into 3 groups: non-CSA-AKI, CSA-AKI detected by a single marker, and CSA-AKI detected by both markers. By multivariable logistic regression analysis, the independent predictors of MAEs at 3 years were group 2 (non-CSA-AKI group as the reference, CSA-AKI detected by a single marker: odds ratio [OR] = 3.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27–9.58, p = 0.016), group 3 (CSA-AKI detected by both markers: OR = 5.12, 95% CI: 2.01–13.09; p = 0.001), and baseline glomerular filtration rate (OR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.27–3.95; p = 0.005). Conclusion: Combining sCyC and sCr to diagnose CSA-AKI would be beneficial for risk stratification and prognosis in patients after cardiac surgery.
Tilburg University Compositional dialogue referents in phrase structure grammar

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Alcohol Use Disorder and Traumatic Brain Injury

Alcohol use and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are inextricably and bidirectionally linked. Alcohol intoxication is one of the strongest predictors of TBI, and a substantial proportion of TBIs occur in intoxicated individuals. An inverse relationship is also emerging, such that TBI can serve as a risk factor for, or modulate the course of, alcohol use disorder (AUD). Critically, alcohol use after TBI is a key predictor of rehabilitation outcomes, prognosis, and additional head injuries. This review provides a general overview of the bidirectional relationship between TBI and AUD and a discussion of potential neuropsychological and neurobiological mechanisms that might underlie the relationship.
A Note on Lower Bounds for Induced Ramsey Numbers

Abstract We say that a graph F strongly arrows a pair of graphs (G,H) and write F →ind $\mathop \to \limits^{{\rm{ind}}} $ (G,H) if any 2-coloring of its edges with red and blue leads to either a red G or a blue H appearing as induced subgraphs of F. The induced Ramsey number, IR(G,H) is defined as min{|V (F)| : F →ind $\mathop \to \limits^{{\rm{ind}}} $ (G,H)}. We will consider two aspects of induced Ramsey numbers. Firstly we will show that the lower bound of the induced Ramsey number for a connected graph G with independence number α and a graph H with clique number ω is roughly ω2α2 ${{{\omega ^2}\alpha } \over 2}$ . This bound is sharp. Moreover we will also consider the case when G is not connected providing also a sharp lower bound which is linear in both parameters.