Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) in Singapore: a 1-year follow-up study.

INTRODUCTION Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) provides community-based treatment to patients with severe and persistent psychiatric illnesses, so that they may continue to live and function in the community as they receive psychiatric care. This study aimed to examine the effects of ACT on the outcome of patients over a 1-year period in an Asian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This naturalistic and retrospective cohort study examined the effects of ACT on 100 patients who had completed 1 year of ACT. Parameters used to measure primary outcome were i) number of admissions (NOA) and ii) total length of stay (LOS) in days. Secondary outcome compared the employment status of patients before and after ACT. Paired sample analyses were performed using SPSS. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The mean reduction in NOA 1 year post-ACT was 57.1%. The mean reduction in LOS 1 year post-ACT was 61.9%. The median reduction for NOA and LOS were both statistically significant (P <0.01). Thirty-seven patients were employed compared to 6 before the programme, a statistically significant effect on employment (odds ratio 9.69, P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS ACT appears effective in reducing the frequency and duration of admissions for patients in Singapore. The employment status of patients also showed improvement over the course of study.
Sustainable agricultural practices in smallholder farming systems : a case study of smallholder farmers in the Ugu District, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

iii Acronyms and abbreviations viii CHAPTER ONE: Introduction 1 1.1 Chapter outline 1 1.2 Introduction and motivation of study 1 1.3 Aim 5 1.4 The objectives of the research 5 1.5 Conclusion and chapter sequence 5 CHAPTER TWO: Literature review 7 2.
Essential Drugs Revolving Fund Scheme in Nigeria; from the Edge of a Precipice towards Sustainability

Efficient and effective preventive and curative health care relies predominantly on the availability of essential drugs. Essential drug supply in most African countries is characterized by”. The cycle of terror”, which lead to decapitalization and lack of sustainability of essential drugs revolving fund (DRF) system. This study described the DRF situation in Nigeria and ways to promote better management and utilization of the scheme. Electronic search of published studies and documents obtained from Google scholar, and PubMed was carried out using the key words singly and in combination. The eligibility criteria was used for selection. Studies published in English language and conducted in Nigeria, and those with defined inclusion criteria and ethical approvals were used. The study suggested that poor economic, political, structural, management and human factors, contribute greatly to DRF decapitalization in most government hospitals in Nigeria.
Re‐evaluation of the bond length–bond strength rule: The stronger bond is not always the shorter bond

A set of 42 molecules with N‐F, O‐F, N‐Cl, P‐F, and As‐F bonds has been investigated in the search for potential bond anomalies, which lead to reverse bond length–bond strength (BLBS) relationships. The intrinsic strength of each bond investigated has been determined by the local stretching force constant obtained at the CCSD(T)/aug‐cc‐pVTZ level of theory. N‐F or O‐F bond anomalies were found for fluoro amine radicals, fluoro amines, and fluoro oxides, respectively. A rationale for the deviation from the normal Badger‐type inverse BLBS relation is given and it is shown that electron withdrawal accompanied by strong orbital contraction and bond shortening is one of the prerequisites for a bond anomaly. In the case of short electron‐rich bonds such as N‐F or O‐F, anomeric delocalization of lone pair electrons in connection with lone pair repulsion are decisive whether a bond anomaly can be observed. This is quantitatively assessed with the help of the CCSD(T) local stretching force constants, CCSD(T) charge distributions, and G4 bond dissociation energies. Bond anomalies are not found for fluoro phosphines and fluoro arsines because the bond weakening effects are no longer decisive. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nodular thyroid disease. Evaluation and management.

Thyroid nodules continue to be a source of concern to patients, and their management remains a controversy among physicians. Several diagnostic techniques have been proposed to distinguish benign nodules (the majority) from malignant lesions (the minority). The trend in the management of thyroid nodular disease has been to use these diagnostic techniques with increasing frequency. The past decade has seen widespread application of fine-needle aspiration biopsy, new radionuclide scanning agents, and sensitive ultrasonography for diagnosing thyroid nodular disease. The diagnostic techniques used to distinguish benign from malignant nodules, however, vary in reliability. Furthermore, technological improvements have introduced new problems — .
Dominance of an ∼150-Year Cycle of Sand-Supply Change in Late Holocene Dune-Building along the Eastern Shore of Lake Michigan

Outcrops of buried soils on lake-plains and glacial headlands along Lake Michigan's eastern shore suggest that periodic dune-building has occurred there after relatively long (≥100 yr) periods of low sand supply. We located, described, and radiocarbon dated 75 such buried soils that crop out in 32 coastal dune fields beside the lake. We assume that peaks in probability distributions of calibrated 14C ages obtained from wood, charcoal, and other organic matter from buried A horizons approximate the time of soil burial by dunes. Plotted against a late Holocene lake-level curve for Lake Michigan, these peaks are closely associated with many ∼150-yr lake highstands previously inferred from beach ridge studies. Intervening periods of lower lake levels and relative sand starvation apparently permitted forestation and soil development at the sites we studied. While late Holocene lake-level change led to development and preservation of prominent foredunes along the southern and southwestern shores of Lake Michigan, the modern dune landscape of the eastern shore is dominated by perched dunes formed during ∼150-yr lake highstands over the past 1500 yr.
The Influence of Effort and Performance Expectancy on Employees to Adopt E-government: Evidence from Oman

In the same context of previous studies on the adoption of E-government, this paper employs the Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model two constructs from this model were selected (performance expectancy, and effort expectancy) to examine their effect on the intention to adopt electronic government in Sultanate of Oman from an employees’ perspective. A manual survey was conducted to collect the request data. The total number of valid questionnaires for analysis was 204 which formed (83.3%) of the study sample. To confirm the internal consistency of construct and measures validity, Factor analysis and Reliability test were used for this purpose. In addition to, the multiple linear regression was used to test the study hypotheses. The study model explained (50.5%) of the whole deviation in employees’ Intention to adopt E-government. Moreover, both constructs performance expectancy, and effort expectancy have a significant influence on employees’ intention to adopt the electronic government. To empower employees to response to the requested e-services by citizens or businesses in real time, the adopted system to provide E-government services must be simplified, in addition to equipping employees with needed skills to use the mentioned system. The study originality lies in narrowing the UTUAT model which adopted only two constructs (performance expectancy, and effort expectancy) of this model. Then, implementing this adopted model on employees as individuals, not as representatives of government institutions, which considered the first study attempted to do such investigation.
Hasilpedia: Transforming knowledge management at Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia

This paper provides a working example of how technology plays an important role in knowledge management for the Malaysia’s federal tax collection agency, Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia (IRBM). The IRBM had successfully gone through a five year organizational transformation process that had resulted in significant performance improvements duly recognized by the Malaysian government. Led by its visionary Chief Executive Officer (CEO), various initiatives had been implemented, including those which placed technology as a key driver in its operations. The focus of this paper is on the organization’s ‘knowledge base’ system, or the ‘k-base’. A computerized database for internal use, the k-base was developed in-house and currently managed by IRBM’s Information Technology Department. Originally created to support information sharing among the organization’s auditors, the k-base today features a myriad of information and is accessible by all employees. This paper will trace the journey of the k-base from its original version to being IRBM’s prized possession today as well as the organization’s plans for its future.
Accounting for the UK Productivity Puzzle: A Decomposition and Predictions

This paper revisits the UK productivity puzzle using new data on outputs and inputs and clarifying the role of output mismeasurement, input growth and industry effects. Our data indicate an implied labour productivity gap of 13 percentage points in 2011 relative to the productivity level on pre‐recession trends. We find that: (a) the labour productivity puzzle is a TFP puzzle, since it is not explained by the contributions of labour or capital services; (b) the reallocation of labour between industries deepens rather than explains the puzzle (i.e. there has been a reallocation of hours away from low‐productivity industries and toward high productivity industries); (c) capitalization of RD (d) assuming increased scrapping rates since the recession, a 25% (50%) increase in depreciation rates post‐2009 can potentially explain 15% (31%) of the productivity puzzle; (e) industry data show that 35% of the TFP puzzle can be explained by weak TFP growth in the oil & gas and finance sectors; and (f) cyclical effects via factor utilization could potentially explain 17% of the productivity puzzle. Continued weakness in finance would suggest a future lowering of TFP growth to around 0.8% p.a. from a baseline of 0.9% p.a. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
Audit Decisions: The Impact of Interactive Reviews with Group Support System on Information Ambiguity

Manuscript type: Research paperResearch aims: This paper examines the impact of interactivereviews and the effectiveness of group support system (GSS) inmitigating information ambiguity in audit decisions.Design/ Methodology/ Approach: The research employed alaboratory experiment, with 74 students serving as subjects. In thisstudy, the following information ambiguity were manipulated: (1)insufficient and complex data, (2) sufficient and complex data, or(3) sufficient and non-complex data. The decision-making process(individually and through GSS interaction) was also manipulated.In this research, audit decisions made of the client’s internal controlsystem served as the dependent variable.Research findings: Analysis shows that ambiguity level has anegative effect on the accuracy of audit decisions. The empiricalevidence acquired suggests that GSS-based interactive reviewincreases the accuracy of audit decisions. It further shows that theGSS-based interactive review can be effective and practical as astrategy to mitigate information ambiguity in the audit decisionmaking process during the planning stage. Theoretical contribution/ Originality: By investigating the benefitsof information technology as a control mechanism for the auditingprocess and by looking at how it alters auditors’ behaviour andhow it enables the auditing team to behave in reviewing theirwork, this study contributes to extant literature. This research fillsin the theoretical gap by using GSS to mitigate the ambiguity ofinformation.Practitioner/ Policy implication: The result of this study willencourage auditor to use GSS as a means of communication betweenthe audit team leader and members.Research limitation/ Implications: The limitation of this study liesin its using a single leader and not other members of the audit teamto do the GSS in the experimental manipulation.Keywords: Audit Decisions, Experimental Research, Group SupportSystem, Information AmbiguityJEL Classification: M42
Does Leader-Member Exchange Impact on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour Readiness? Evidence from State Government Agency

Local Government (LG) being the third-tier in Malaysian government has been identified as one of the government agencies mandated to drive economic growth and development of a district and its residents. Being one of the main service providers, LG has yet to meet the public expectations as many complaints have being filed towards its operational issues as evidenced from statistical data from Public Complaint Bureau (PCB). Thus, in responding to PCB statistics and lack in-depth research on LG, this paper aims to investigate the relationship between leader-member exchange (LMX) and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCB) among LG’ employees working in Southern region of Malaysia. Multiple regression analysis from a data set of 222 respondents, after factor analysis, revealed that LMX-affect respect and LMX-contribution have positive impact towards OCB while LMX-loyalty was found to be insignificant. A moderate 54% of variance in OCB has been explained. This study has provided empirical insights in supporting social exchange theory that quality LMX relationship has the ability to invoke OCB readiness. Due to LG constant interactions with the public, enhancement in dyadic relationship can help in reducing the level of complaints and towards improving the much needed operational efficiency.
Absorption and gut passage time of microalgae in a suspension feeder: an evaluation of the 51Cr: 14C twin tracer technique

The bivalve Mercenaria rnercenaria was pulse-fed labelled microalgae in experiments designed to test the applicability of the SICr: "C twin tracer technique to the study of food absorption in a suspension feeder. Absorption efficiencies of the chlorophyte Pseudoisochrysis paradoxa using Conover's ash-ratio method and the tracer technique were in good agreement. Clams absorbed approximately 14 % of the 51Cr ingested. An assumption of the radiotracer method is that 51Cr and 14C move along the gut at similar rates. The gut passage times of the 2 isotopes differed significantly, however, when clams were fed P. paradoxa, a 'good' food source: the gut residence time of "C was greater than that of 51Cr. Therefore, analysis of a single faecal subsample can cause significant error in the calculated absorption efficiency. The value will be overestimated or underestimated depending on whether the faeces are subsampled early or late, respectively, after transfer of the animals to unlabelled food. Therefore, pulse-chasing, or recovery of faeces over a fairly extended period of time (to be determined for any given experimental conditions) is strongly recommended. Examination of the timecourse of 14C egestion revealed that the gut passage time of P. paradoxa, which was absorbed with high (82 %) efficiency, was significantly greater than that of 2 chlorophytes (Nannochloris atomus and Stichococcus sp.) and 2 cyanobacteria of the genus Synechococcus, which are inefficiently utilized by M. mercenan'a. The study provides evidence that clams are able to sort different algal species in their passage through the gut. Control of gut clearance rates, through more rapid elimination of those algal species which are also poorly utilized, may contribute to the species' adaptive strategy.
Comparing the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy using individual or group therapy in the treatment of depression

Objectives The objective of this review was to present the best available information on the use of cognitive behaviour therapy using either group cognitive therapy (GCT) or individual cognitive therapy (ICT) in the treatment of depression. The primary question to be addressed in this review was: For the treatment of long‐term depression, using a cognitive behavioural approach, is group therapy or individual therapy the most effective? Inclusion criteria Studies that included adolescents or adults with long‐term depression and a measured Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) value of ≥12 or Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) of ≥14 were included. Interventions of interest were forms of cognitive behaviour therapy utilising either an individual or group approach. For the purpose of this review individual therapy was regarded as a one‐to‐one interaction between the patient and the therapist. Group therapy excluded family therapy. This review excluded studies that involved pharmacotherapy alone as the only intervention and studies that involved combined group and individual treatment. Outcome measures of interest were reduction in depression inventory scores, specifically the BDI and/or the HRSD. This study considered any randomised or pseudo‐randomised controlled trials that addressed the use or comparison of GCT or ICT. Results Individual and group cognitive behavioural therapies for moderately or severely depressed adults (BDI ≥ 14) were comparable with each other in effectiveness and both were superior to providing no treatment at all. Individual cognitive therapy was equal to or better than tricyclic antidepressant drugs given at recommended therapeutic dosages for depressed people with a mean BDI of 30. This information was based on level II evidence. Recommendations The following recommendations were made for adults: 1 Either GCT or ICT can be used to treat moderate to severe depression. The choice of therapy should be dependent upon the clinician's perceived receptiveness of the particular patient to group or individual treatment. 2 The use of computer‐assisted therapy is a useful adjunct to GCT in moderate to severely depressed patients. 3 ICT can effectively replace pharmacotherapy in moderate to severely depressed patients if the patient is opposed to being treated with drug therapy. 4 GCT has not been compared to pharmacotherapy so no direct recommendation can be given as to its effectiveness as a replacement therapy. The following recommendations were made for adolescents: 1 Either GCT or ICT can be used to treat moderately depressed adolescents (BDI ≥ 14). 2 More research is needed to determine the effectiveness of GCT or ICT in severely depressed adolescents (BDI ≥ 20).
Effects of Sex of Judge and Sex of Victim on Recommended Punishment of a Male Murderer in a Mock Scenario

Two samples of undergraduates (36 women, 7 men; 44 women, 45 men) read a mock transcript in which a murderer's victim was a man or a woman, after which they made prison sentence and death penalty judgments. Female judges gave longer sentences for the female victim than for the male victim, whereas male judges gave longer sentences for the male victim than for the female victim. This same-sex bias suggests that extralegal factors can affect judgments about sentencing.
Microstrip-Ridge Gap Waveguide Filter Based on Cavity Resonators With Mushroom Inclusions

In this paper, we propose a novel microstrip-ridge gap waveguide (MS-RGW) filter configuration, which is based on cavity resonators with mushroom inclusions. The resonators are realized as defects in surrounding mushroom-based perfect magnetic conductor (PMC), and thus, the filter configuration does not require additional conductive layers nor rearrangement of the PMC elements. The hosting MS-RGW is fed through transition from SMA to microstrip ridge, enabling simple fabrication and excellent impedance matching in a wide frequency range. To demonstrate the potential of the proposed structure, four narrowband filters have been designed, fabricated, and measured. The filters exhibit excellent in-band characteristics and small dimensions.
European Banks' Reputation for Corporate Social Responsibility

Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) members are considered top sustainable companies within each sector. Thus, DJSI inclusion signals a reputation for strong Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) engagement, which should contribute to enhanced firm performance. This paper examines the performance of the European banks listed in the DJSI for the period 2003–2013 and analyzes the effect of having a reputation for CSR on performance during a period of economic crisis. A vast amount of literature links CSR, reputation and performance, but few studies have examined the banking sector and the impact of the last recession. Our results suggest that banks' efforts to build a reputation for CSR benefits performance. Nevertheless, in periods of crisis, these efforts do not contribute to improved returns. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Care management interventions for older patients with congestive heart failure.

OBJECTIVES To identify interventions and outcome measures that should be included when designing care management programs for older patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and assessing the overall effectiveness of these programs. STUDY DESIGN Structured literature review and assessment. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted to identify articles that described interventions and outcome measures designed to improve care for older patients with CHF. Resultant studies were classified according to design, and interventions and outcome measures were categorized. Finally, the data were analyzed to identify care management strategies and outcome measures associated with effective studies (defined as those that achieved improvement in more than half of the important outcome measures). RESULTS Thirty-two studies were identified. Most of the effective programs employed both a physician and a nurse; 12 employed a case manager. Hospital utilization was typically reduced by 30% to 80% in studies that measured this factor, although utilization increased in 2 studies. Only 6 studies showed significant reductions in costs. Fifteen of the studies were categorized as effective; 15 showed trends toward improvement; and 2 studies in which intervention subjects worsened appeared to have design flaws and subject selection biases. CONCLUSION Care management interventions can be clinically effective, although cost effectiveness remains to be established. Common elements in effective care management programs included the teaming of a physician with a nurse or care manager; frequent patient monitoring for CHF decompensation; and patient education to improve self-assessment skills. Most ineffective programs showed deficiencies in nurse training, study design, or patient selection.
Associations of I148M variant in PNPLA3 gene with plasma ALT levels during 2‐year follow‐up in normal weight and overweight children: the PANIC Study

PNPLA3 I148M polymorphism (rs738409) has been strongly associated with liver fat content and plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in obese adults and children, but little is known about these relationships in normal weight individuals. We studied the associations and interactions of overweight and the PNPLA3 I148M polymorphism with plasma ALT levels during 2‐year follow‐up in children.