Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidural Abscess Caused by Brucellosis : A Case Report and Review of Literature

Brucellosis is an endemic and systemic disease characterized by a wide spectrum of signs and symptoms in different organs of body. It can be also recurrent and complicated even in patients who had a complete and appropriate antibiotic regimen. One of the rare complications is spinal epidural abscess that can cause annihilating side effects in delayed diagnosed cases. A prompt diagnosis and treatment involving surgical or nonsurgical therapies can save the patients. We reported a 42-year-old case of spinal epidural abscess due to a previous treated brucellosis. The case was treated without any need for surgical treatment including streptomycin, doxycycline and rifampin. We concluded that in those who have not any neurological deficit, it is possible to cure the patients by a prolonged antibiotic regimen without any surgery.
Magmatic and tectonic extension at mid‐ocean ridges: 1. Controls on fault characteristics

We use 2‐D numerical models to explore the thermal and mechanical effects of magma intrusion on fault initiation and growth at slow and intermediate spreading ridges. Magma intrusion is simulated by widening a vertical column of model elements located within the lithosphere at a rate equal to a fraction, M, of the total spreading rate (i.e., M = 1 for fully magmatic spreading). Heat is added in proportion to the rate of intrusion to simulate the thermal effects of magma crystallization and the injection of hot magma into the crust. We examine a range of intrusion rates and axial thermal structures by varying M, spreading rate, and the efficiency of crustal cooling by conduction and hydrothermal circulation. Fault development proceeds in a sequential manner, with deformation focused on a single active normal fault whose location alternates between the two sides of the ridge axis. Fault spacing and heave are primarily sensitive to M and secondarily sensitive to axial lithosphere thickness and the rate that the lithosphere thickens with distance from the axis. Contrary to what is often cited in the literature, but consistent with prior results of mechanical modeling, we find that thicker axial lithosphere tends to reduce fault spacing and heave. In addition, fault spacing and heave are predicted to increase with decreasing rates of off‐axis lithospheric thickening. The combination of low M, particularly when M approaches 0.5, as well as a reduced rate of off‐axis lithospheric thickening produces long‐lived, large‐offset faults, similar to oceanic core complexes. Such long‐lived faults produce a highly asymmetric axial thermal structure, with thinner lithosphere on the side with the active fault. This across‐axis variation in thermal structure may tend to stabilize the active fault for longer periods of time and could concentrate hydrothermal circulation in the footwall of oceanic core complexes.
Compounds Identification in Semen Cuscutae by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLCs) Coupled to Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Semen Cuscutae is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine and contains a series of compounds such as flavonoids, chlorogenic acids and lignans. In this study, we identified different kinds of compositions by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS). A total of 45 compounds were observed, including 20 chlorogenic acids, 23 flavonoids and 2 lignans. 23 of them are reported for the first time including 6-O-caffeoyl-β-glucose, 3-O-(4′-O-Caffeoylglucosyl) quinic acid, etc. Their structures were established by retention behavior, extensive analyses of their MS spectra and further determined by comparison of their MS data with those reported in the literature. As chlorogenic acids and flavonoids are phenolic compounds that are predominant in Semen Cuscutae, in conclusion, phenolic compounds are the major constituents of Semen Cuscutae.
Effect of Heat Stress on Sperm DNA: Protamine Assessment in Ram Spermatozoa and Testicle

Sperm DNA fragmentation is considered one of the main causes of male infertility. The most accepted causes of sperm DNA damage are deleterious actions of reactive oxygen species (ROS), defects in protamination, and apoptosis. Ram sperm are highly prone to those damages due to the high susceptibility to ROS and to oxidative stress caused by heat stress. We aimed to evaluate the effects of heat stress on the chromatin of ejaculated and epididymal sperm and the activation of apoptotic pathways in different cell types in ram testis. We observed higher percentages of ejaculated sperm with increased chromatin fragmentation in the heat stress group; a fact that was unexpectedly not observed in epididymal sperm. Heat stress group presented a higher percentage of spermatozoa with DNA fragmentation and increased number of mRNA copies of transitional protein 1. Epididymal sperm presented greater gene expression of protamine 1 on the 30th day of the spermatic cycle; however, no differences in protamine protein levels were observed in ejaculated sperm and testis. Localization of proapoptotic protein BAX or BCL2 in testis was not different. In conclusion, testicular heat stress increases ram sperm DNA fragmentation without changes in protamination and apoptotic patterns.
Creating a Translation Matrix of the Bible’s Names Across 591 Languages

For many of the world’s languages, the Bible is the only signiﬁcant bilingual, or even monolingual, text, making it a unique training resource for tasks such as translation, named entity analysis, and transliteration. Given the Bible’s small size, however, the output of standard word alignment tools can be extremely noisy, making downstream tasks difﬁcult. In this work, we develop and release a novel resource of 1129 aligned Bible person and place names across 591 languages, which was constructed and improved using several approaches including weighted edit distance, machine-translation-based transliteration models, and afﬁxal induction and transformation models. Our models out-perform a widely used word aligner on 97% of test words, showing the particular efﬁcacy of our approach on the impactful task of broadly multilingual named-entity alignment and translation across a remarkably large number of world languages. We further illustrate the utility of our translation matrix for the multilingual learning of name-related afﬁxes and their semantics as well as transliteration of named entities.
History of the Efficient Market Hypothesis

This paper reviews and summarizes the work of Sewell (2011). The purpose is to investigate the evolution and development of the Efficient Market Hypothesis from its inception as theory of probability to Fama (1965) proposition and revision (Fama, 1970; 1991). It discusses the random walk theory and reports the various research papers that have been written on the subject. This paper also clarifies the debate on the validity of EMH and explains the importance of EMH to finance theory.
Analytical solutions for filtration process based on constriction size concept

AbstractAn analytical model is proposed to describe the filtration process applicable to a base soil-filter system. The Navier-Stokes equations for porous media are used to capture the hydrodynamic behavior, whereas, numerically, a new algorithm is proposed to solve the Navier-Stokes equation in a nonlinear form. The various mixtures of base soil particles eroded and water flow within the system are computed using the work-energy principle incorporating the constriction size of the filter. The model can assess the filtration process through the flow rate and the accumulation and redistribution of fine particles within the filter. By discretizing the base soil and filter domains into discrete elements, the model can predict the time-dependent particle gradation of the filter for each element. Laboratory tests reported in other studies and those conducted by the authors validate the model in relation to other available models.
Disorders prospective investigation of emotion dysregulation as a moderator f the relation between posttraumatic stress symptoms and substance se severity atthew

Despite strong evidence for an association between the experience of posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms and substance use, little is known about the particular individuals most at-risk for problematic substance use in response to PTS symptoms. Consequently, the goal of this study was to conduct a prospective investigation of the moderating role of emotion dysregulation (assessed through self-report and behavioral measures) in the relation between PTS symptoms and substance use 8-months later within a sample of 106 young adult women. No main effect of PTS symptoms on substance use was found. Instead, eywords:
Efficiency, Energy and Stoichiometry in Pelagic Food Webs; Reciprocal Roles of Food Quality and Food Quantity

Abstract In most lakes, zooplankton production is constrained by food quantity, but frequently high C:P poses an additional constraint on zooplankton production by reducing the carbon transfer efficiency from phytoplankton to zooplankton. This review addresses how the flux of matter and energy in pelagic food webs is regulated by food quantity in terms of C and its stoichiometric quality in terms of C:P. Increased levels of light, CO2 and phosphorus could each increase seston mass and, hence, food quantity for zooplankton, but while light and CO2 each cause increased C:P (i.e. reduced food quality for herbivores), increased P may increase seston mass and its stoichiometric quality by reducing C:P. Development of food quality and food quantity in response to C- or P-enrichments will differ between ‘batch-type’ lakes (dominated by one major, seasonal input of water and nutrients) and ‘continuous-culture’ types of lakes with a more steady flow-rate of water and nutrients. The reciprocal role of food quantity and stoichiometric quality will depend strongly on facilitation via grazing and recycling by the grazers, and this effect will be most important in systems with low renewal rates. At high food abundance but low quality, there will be a ‘quality starvation’ in zooplankton. From a management point of view, stoichiometric theory offers a general tool-kit for understanding the integrated role of C and P in food webs and how food quantity and stoichiometric quality (i.e. C:P) regulate energy flow and trophic efficiency from base to top in food webs.
The facility and transfer points location problem

In this paper, we investigate the location of a facility and several transfer points to serve as collector points for customers who need the services of the facility. For example, demand for emergency services is generated at a set of demand points that need the services of a central facility (such as a hospital). Patients are transferred to a helicopter pad (transfer point) at normal speed, and from there they are transferred to the facility at increased speed. The model involves the location of multiple transfer points and one facility. Locating one transfer point when the set of demand points and the location of the facility are known was investigated in Berman et al. (2004a). Location of several transfer points when the location of the facility is given is investigated in Berman et al. (2004b). In this paper, we propose heuristic approaches for the solution of this problem and report computational experiments on a test set of 40 problems.
The Influence of Graphic Display Format on the Interpretations of Quantitative Risk Information among Adults with Lower Education and Literacy

Objective To test optimal graphic risk communication formats for presenting small probabilities using graphics with a denominator of 1000 to adults with lower education and literacy. Methods A randomized experimental study, which took place in adult basic education classes in Sydney, Australia. The participants were 120 adults with lower education and literacy. An experimental computer-based manipulation compared 1) pictographs in 2 forms, shaded “blocks” and unshaded “dots”; and 2) bar charts across different orientations (horizontal/vertical) and numerator size (small <100, medium 100–499, large 500–999). Accuracy (size of error) and ease of processing (reaction time) were assessed on a gist task (estimating the larger chance of survival) and a verbatim task (estimating the size of difference). Preferences for different graph types were also assessed. Results Accuracy on the gist task was very high across all conditions (>95%) and not tested further. For the verbatim task, optimal graph type depended on the numerator size. For small numerators, pictographs resulted in fewer errors than bar charts (blocks: odds ratio [OR] = 0.047, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.023–0.098; dots: OR = 0.049, 95% CI = 0.024–0.099). For medium and large numerators, bar charts were more accurate (e.g., medium dots: OR = 4.29, 95% CI = 2.9–6.35). Pictographs were generally processed faster for small numerators (e.g., blocks: 14.9 seconds v. bars: 16.2 seconds) and bar charts for medium or large numerators (e.g., large blocks: 41.6 seconds v. 26.7 seconds). Vertical formats were processed slightly faster than horizontal graphs with no difference in accuracy. Most participants preferred bar charts (64%); however, there was no relationship with performance. Conclusions For adults with low education and literacy, pictographs are likely to be the best format to use when displaying small numerators (<100/1000) and bar charts for larger numerators (>100/1000).
On merging identity theory and stress research

In this paper I develop and discuss the concept of «identity-relevant stressors. » Identities refer to individuals' conceptions of themselves in terms of the social roles that they enact (e.g., spouse, parent, worker, churchgoer, friend). An identity-relevant experience is one that threatens or, alternatively, enhances an identity that the individual values highly; identity-irrelevant experiences occur in roles that the individual does not value highly. This concept can help solve a problem in the stress literature, namely the inability of stress theory to account parsimoniously for social status differences in psychological distress
Towards securer and smarter smartcard applications

This paper presents eTRON as a comprehensive architecture for securer and smarter smartcard application development. At the core of the eTRON architecture lies the tamper-resistant eTRON chip which is equipped with functions for mutual authentication, encrypted communication and strong access control. The IC chip supports dual-interface in a single card that is compliant with ISO/IEC 7816 and ISO/IEC 14443 for contact and contactless interfaces respectively.
Media, Technology Use, and Attitudes: Associations With Physical and Mental Well‐Being in Youth With Implications for Evidence‐Based Practice

BACKGROUND Previous research has shown that the use of technology and media, in their different available forms, may have detrimental effects on the physical and mental well-being of adolescents and young adults. AIMS The present study aimed to investigate the use of different types of technology and media, attitudes toward them, and how they relate to physical and mental well-being in Lebanese university students. METHODS A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional design was used. A sample of 244 undergraduates completed a self-report measuring media and technology use and attitudes, eating-related variables (e.g., healthy eating, body image dissatisfaction [BID], and eating disorders [EDs] risk), trait emotional intelligence (TEI), and psychopathology indicators (stress, anxiety, and depression). RESULTS The use of mobile phone multimedia (music, pictures, and videos) correlated with unhealthy eating and stress. Social media use was associated with BID, EDs risk, and the self-control construct of TEI. Anxiety of separation from technological devices and dependence on them was associated with increased BID, EDs risk, depression, and anxiety. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION Practical implications are discussed in terms of setting limits and boundaries on technology use during childhood and adolescence, and encouraging healthy eating and physical activity at home and on college campuses. Moreover, social media could be used as a platform for intervention and prevention programs to decrease BID, EDs, depression, and anxiety.
Semi-supervised learning based big data-driven anomaly detection in mobile wireless networks

With rising capacity demand in mobile networks, the infrastructure is also becoming increasingly denser and complex. This results in collection of larger amount of raw data (big data) that is generated at different levels of network architecture and is typically underutilized. To unleash its full value, innovative machine learning algorithms need to be utilized in order to extract valuable insights which can be used for improving the overall network’s performance. Additionally, a major challenge for network operators is to cope up with increasing number of complete (or partial) cell outages and to simultaneously reduce operational expenditure. This paper contributes towards the aforementioned problems by exploiting big data generated from the core network of 4G LTE-A to detect network’s anomalous behavior. We present a semi-supervised statistical-based anomaly detection technique to identify in time: first, unusually low user activity region depicting sleeping cell, which is a special case of cell outage; and second, unusually high user traffic area corresponding to a situation where special action such as additional resource allocation, fault avoidance solution etc. may be needed. Achieved results demonstrate that the proposed method can be used for timely and reliable anomaly detection in current and future cellular networks.
Astaxanthin in Skin Health, Repair, and Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Astaxanthin, a xanthophyll carotenoid, is a secondary metabolite naturally synthesized by a number of bacteria, microalgae, and yeasts. The commercial production of this pigment has traditionally been performed by chemical synthesis, but the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis appears to be the most promising source for its industrial biological production. Due to its collective diverse functions in skin biology, there is mounting evidence that astaxanthin possesses various health benefits and important nutraceutical applications in the field of dermatology. Although still debated, a range of potential mechanisms through which astaxanthin might exert its benefits on skin homeostasis have been proposed, including photoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. This review summarizes the available data on the functional role of astaxanthin in skin physiology, outlines potential mechanisms involved in the response to astaxanthin, and highlights the potential clinical implications associated with its consumption.
Development of weight and height in Norwegian children: The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

Aims: High prevalence of overweight and obesity increases the disease burden with higher risk for an expanding set of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, certain types of cancers and an array of musculoskeletal disorders. Over the last decades, trends in children’s weight have changed worldwide. Methods: Anthropometric measurements of height and weight and calculations of body mass index (BMI) were recorded for 2297 children, aged 6–12 years. Results: Percentiles for weight and height are presented, as well as overweight and obesity cut-off points according to International Obesity Task Force guidelines for each age group. Children’s BMI is higher compared to older studies; however, a levelling-off of weight is evident, as 14–15% of the children are overweight in the present study. Children within the 90th and 97.5th percentiles display a higher annual increase in weight/height ratio compared to other percentiles. Parental level of education shows association with children’s BMI. Conclusions: A levelling-off of weight gain among children is evident; however, overweight children tend to gain more weight than normal-weight children.
Long-term effect of integrated nutrient management on yield sustainability and soil fertility of rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system

A long-term experiment was conducted on integrated nutrient management in rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triti- cum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) system at Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh) since rainy (kharif) season 1987-88 to maintain the sustainable and high grain yields of this system without degradation of soil health under irrigated production system. The present paper deals with the studies conducted during the 2002-03 and 2003-04. Substituion of 50% N by green leaf manuring with sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) attained highest system pro- ductivity (33.12 kg grainlhdday). While determining the sustainability yield index (SYI), the value was also maxi- mum with 50% NPK + 50% N through green manuring with sunnhemp to rice, followed by 100% NPK to wheat. Maximum soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur and zinc, and minimum bulk density were no- ticed with substitution of 50% N by green manure. However, the pH value and EC were almost constant in all the treatments. lntegrated use of 50% NPK and 50% N through green manuring of sunnhemp to rice followed by 100% NPK to wheat also fetched the maximum net monetary returns (Rs 34,403lhdyear) with the benefit: cost ratio 2.40.
Chronic Hepatitis B Treatment : Current Perspectives on Telbivudine Kronik Hepatit

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a small-enveloped DNA virus that belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family, representing the second greatest cause of chronic viral hepatitis worldwide (1). Despite decades of vaccination, HBV infection is still a major global burden, with 257 million persons chronically infected and approximately 880,000 deaths per year (2). Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is the result of an acute, unresolved infection that induces an immune-mediated liver damage followed by fibrotic tissue deposition leading overtime to a complete alteration of the hepatic architecture toward cirrhosis and its complications, such as liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (3, 4).
Motives as Locational Determinants: A Study of FDI between India and LAC

Abstract This paper addresses the issue of motives as locational determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) flows from India to the Latin American region. India and the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) have emerged as important centers of global FDI but have traditionally had insignificant FDI flows between them. The paper is a pioneering study examining motives of the newly emerging FDI relationship between India and the LAC region. The study uses a firm level data base across seven countries and multiple industries in an augmented gravity framework. It contributes to the literature on emerging markets as it concludes that FDI flows from India to the LAC are both asset seeking and asset exploiting, bridging the gap between traditional and modern explanations of FDI. Using a negative binomial regression model the study establishes that FDI flows dominate from the information technology and pharmaceutical industries and are market-seeking for nearshore advantages to the USA and strategic asset seeking for patents and technology