Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of stereotaxic core breast biopsy on cost of diagnosis.

PURPOSE To determine the frequency with which stereotaxic core biopsy of the breast obviated diagnostic surgical biopsy and to estimate the savings in cost of diagnosis with this procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stereotaxic core biopsy of 182 nonpalpable, mammographically evident lesions was performed, and data from clinical follow-up were obtained. Savings in cost were assessed by using national Medicare reimbursement data and a relative value system based on national physician reviews (Relative Values for Physicians [RVP]). RESULTS Stereotaxic core biopsy replaced a surgical procedure in 140 of 182 patients. The mean adjusted direct savings in cost per stereotaxic core biopsy were $893 (Medicare) or $1,491 (RVP). Use of stereotaxic core biopsy decreased the cost of diagnosis by 52% (RVP) or 55% (Medicare). CONCLUSION Stereotaxic core biopsy obviated surgical biopsy for most nonpalpable lesions sampled, resulting in a greater than 50% reduction in biopsy costs. If these results were generalizable to the national level, annual savings would approach $200 million.
Reconstruction of orbital blowout fractures using MEDPOR titanium mesh implants

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of titanium mesh (MEDPOR®TITANTM) implants in the surgical reconstruction of orbital blowout fractures. A total of 19 patients with orbital blowout fracturesas confirmed with computed tomography who underwent orbital reconstruction with MEDPOR®TITANTM implants were evaluated in this study. Postoperative wound healing, vision, eye position, and occurrence of enophthalmos were evaluated and compared. The wounds healed well, and follow-up examination did not show prolapsed or rejected implants. Of 13 cases of diplopia, 11 resolved, 1 persisted but was less severe, and 1 showed no improvement. Surgery did not affect vision, and no significant visual acuity changes were observed. In general, patients were better postoperatively. Eye position improved and all eye movements returned to normal, although 1 case had residual esotropia and diplopia. A total of 19 cases of postoperative enophthalmos were corrected to varying degrees, 15 cases of enophthalmos underwent full correction of protruding eyes, and 4 cases still had mild retraction averaging 0.55 ± 0.1 mm compared with preoperative enophthalmos, which increased by 1.5 mm to 2 mm. Preand postoperative differences were statistically significant. Complications of orbital blowout fractures should be treated early via surgery. A titanium mesh (MEDPOR®TITANTM) implant is an excellent material for reconstruction of the orbital wall.
Circovirus-Like Infection in a Pigeon

4,7,10-13 These viruses are similar in that they are small (15-17 nm), icosahedral, and nonenveloped and contain single-stranded circular DNA. Each virus, however, has distinct DNA sequences and antigenicity. Psittacine beak and feather disease virus has the largest host range and has been reported in over 35 species of Old World and New World psittaciforms but has never been reported in other avian families. 4 This is the first case report of circovirus-like infection in a pigeon (Columbiformes). A young female racing pigeon was submitted for necropsy to the Davis branch of the California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System in the fall 1990. The owner had 50 birds (adult and young), and mortality in the squabs was 100%. Three to 5 birds had died per week. Squabs exhibited anorexia and lethargy and died 3-4 days after clinical signs appeared. On gross examination, the pigeon was emaciated, with pectoral muscle atrophy. The mucosal wall of the intestinal tract was slightly red, and luminal contents were foamy and yellow-green. The spleen was enlarged. Air sacs were edematous, and there were caseous cores within the primary bronchi of both lungs. The right lung was consolidated and red. A defined bursa of Fabricius was not evident on gross examination of the site dorsal to the cloaca. The lung and liver were cultured aerobically on blood agar. A Pasteurella sp. was isolated from the lung. Bacteria were not isolated from the liver. Air sacs cultured on selective media for Mycoplasma sp. exhibited no growth. Chlamydia was not identified in Gimenez-stained impression smears of the liver, air sac, and spleen nor in liver, air sac, and spleen impression smears stained with fluorescence-labeled monoclonal antibody specific for Chlamydia a and examined with ultraviolet light. However, Chlamydia psittaci was isolated in a McCoy cell culture system from an organ pool of liver, air sac, and spleen. Viruses were not isolated from pooled tissue homogenates of liver, spleen, lung, brain, and intestine
Effect on Textile Behavior of Fleece Types and Dehairing Process on the Linear Density and Regularity of Yarn from Argentine Llama Fibre

In a very extensive work on fabric softness, all judges perceive alpaca fiber (26μm) to be significantly softer than wool of the same diameter, also the softness of alpaca fibre could not be distinguished from the softness to the fine Merino wool (17μm). This first evaluation was about wool and alpaca tops. But, on the other hand, most of the same judges found the surface of the alpaca fabrics more prickly than wool yarn of similar fineness, because the alpaca fabrics was more hairiness than the wool fabrics of similar yarn fiber diameter, and this surface effect of hairiness interfere on softness and prickling perception of consumers [4]. It is necessary to emphasize that the alpaca fibre was not dehaired in this work.
Frutexites-like structures formed by iron oxidizing biofilms in the continental subsurface (Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden)

Stromatolitic iron-rich structures have been reported from many ancient environments and are often described as Frutexites, a cryptic microfossil. Although microbial formation of such structures is likely, a clear relation to a microbial precursor is lacking so far. Here we report recent iron oxidizing biofilms which resemble the ancient Frutexites structures. The living Frutexites-like biofilms were sampled at 160 m depth in the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory in Sweden. Investigations using microscopy, 454 pyrosequencing, FISH, Raman spectroscopy, biomarker and trace element analysis allowed a detailed view of the structural components of the mineralized biofilm. The most abundant bacterial groups were involved in nitrogen and iron cycling. Furthermore, Archaea are widely distributed in the Frutexites-like biofilm, even though their functional role remains unclear. Biomarker analysis revealed abundant sterols in the biofilm most likely from algal and fungal origins. Our results indicate that the Frutexites-like biofilm was built up by a complex microbial community. The functional role of each community member in the formation of the dendritic structures, as well as their potential relation to fossil Frutexites remains under investigation.
Is growth hormone hypersecretion in diabetic adolescen_t girls also a daytime problem?

Glycaemic control often deteriorates during puberty in girls with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). This may be due in part to the normal psychosocial changes associated with adolescen_ce. Puberty is, however, also characterized by rapid somatic development, orchestrated by hormonal changes. Some of these hormones play a major role in glucose homeostasis. We have examined the insulin‐GH‐IGF‐I axis in 11 adolescen_t girls with poorly controlled insulin dependent diabetes and compared the data with those of 10 non‐diabetic girls matched for age, pubertal stage and body mass index (BMI).
Gene, ethnic and gender influences predisposition of adverse drug reactions to artesunate among Malaysians

Context: Artesunate (AS) and amodiaquine (AQ) are two prodrugs widely used as antimalarial agents and are metabolized by the CYP P450 2A6 (CYP 2A6) and CYP P450 2C8 (CYP 2C8) enzymes, respectively. Objective: In this study, we aim to investigate the association of both genes on AS and AQ’s tolerabilities in the hope of identifying a pharmacogenetic approach that could be useful in prediction and prevention of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among Malaysian population. Materials and methods: In this randomized crossover study, loose and AS/AQ formulations were administered to normal healthy volunteers (n = 24) over two study phases. The drugs’ tolerabilities (incidence of facial flushing, giddiness, headache, nausea, abdominal discomfort, progression of liver enzymes and neutrophil counts) were compared between the two treatment arms. Volunteers were also genotyped for the CYP2C8 and CYP2A6 variants. Results: The frequency of the CYP2A6*1B, CYP2A6*4, CYP2A6*8 and CYP2A6*9 alleles were 54.2%, 16.7%, 4.2% and 10.4%, respectively. No mutations for CYP2C8 gene were, however, detected. Most (96%) of the subjects were of the Malay ethnicity. Subjects having the CYP2A6*1B variants responsible for ultra rapid metabolism of AS suffered a significantly higher incidence of ADRs. Discussion: Our study is the first to report that CYP2A6 genotyping influences AS’s ADR. Gender also plays a role where females reported more incidences of nausea (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that genetic polymorphisms of CYP2A6 as well as gender influence the side effect profiles of subjects receiving AS among this Malaysian population.
Required Base Station Density in Coordinated Multi-Point Uplink with Rate Constraints

In this paper we obtain the required spatial density of base stations (BSs) in a coordinated multi-point uplink cellular network to meet a chosen quality of service metric. Our model assumes cooperation amongst two BSs and the required density is obtained under shadowing and Rayleigh fading for different LTE-A path loss models. The proposed approach guarantees that the worst-case achievable rate in the entire coverage region is above a target rate with chosen probability. Two models for the position of the BSs are considered: a hexagonal grid and a Poisson point process (PPP) modified to set a minimum cell size. First, for each cooperation region, the location with the minimum rate coverage probability - the worst-case point - is determined. Next, accurate closed-form approximations are obtained for the worst-case rate coverage probability. The approximations presented are useful for the quick assessment of network performance and can be utilized in parametric studies for network design. Here, they are applied to obtain the required density of BSs to achieve a target rate coverage probability. As an added benefit, the formulation here quantifies the penalty in moving from a regular BS deployment (the grid model) to a random BS deployment (the PPP model).
The risk of developing AF after cardiac surgery.

We would like to congratulate the authors for their original and interesting study (1). Numerous different markers have been demonstrated for AF development in many studies conducted about atrial fibrillation (AF) which is the most common arrhythmia after cardiac surgery (2). Interestingly, there is no consensus on some of (a considerable number of) these markers. For example, in this study by Çetin et al. (1), female gender was reported as a risk factor for AF, while in some other studies male gender is stated as a risk factor (2). Other relevant examples to give are cardiopulmonary bypass time and cross-clamp time. While Çetin et al. (1) did not show these parameters as risk factors, these operative data were stated as very strong risk factors in many other studies (2). We would like to state that we wonder the views of the authors about the causes of the differences in these similar parameters. The main theme of this article, effect of the preoperative electro-cardiographic (ECG) data on postoperative AF development is a really original subject. In few studies on this subject, generally P wave amplitude and PR interval on ECG were studied (3-5). In one of these studies, preoperative P wave to be longer than 110 msec was stated to be a risk factor for AF development (4), while in another study PR interval to be longer than 120 msec and P wave than 110 msec were reported to be risk factors (5). In contrast, there are several studies indicating that negative P wave is also a risk factor (3). In this context, we think that any ECG data available out of the fragmented QRS complexes will add value to the study if specified.
Long-Term Impacts of Household Electrification in Rural India

India's huge expansion in rural electrification in the 1980s and 1990s offers lessons for other countries today. The paper examines the long-term effects of household electrification on consumption, labor supply, and schooling in rural India over 1982-99. It finds that household electrification brought significant gains to consumption and earnings, the latter through changes in market labor supply. It finds positive effects on schooling for girls but not for boys. External effects are also evident, whereby households without electricity benefit from village electrification. Wage rates were unaffected. Methodologically, the results suggest sizeable upward biases in past estimates of the gains from electrification associated with how past analyses dealt with geographic effects.
CYTOGENETIC STUDIES ON TRITICALE

H E production of fertile, true-breeding hybrids which combine the T characters of two different species or genera has proven to be of theoretical and practical importance. These hybrids have usually arisen through a doubling of the chromosome complement following the initial cross, this doubling resulting in the presence in the fertile hybrid of two full complements from each parent. Such plants are known as amphidiploids because the chromosome set of each of the two parents is present twice, or in the diploid condition. I t is possible, however, to combine characters of two species or genera by a method which involves the addition of one or more chromosomes from one species to the full diploid complement of the other species. When the chromosomes of one species have desirable and undesirable dominant characters distributed among the various chromosomes of the set, these characters are given to the second species without selection in the amphidiploid. If only the chromosomes with the desired dominant characters could be added to the chromosome complement of the second species, the value of the combination for theoretical and practical purposes would be greatly enhanced. Such combinations have been secured between Secale and Triticum, and the method by which they were obtained should be applicable to other genera where an amphidiploid is available. The method, in brief, involves the production of an amphidiploid between two species or genera, A and B. The amphidiploid is then crossed to one of the parents-for illustration, species A. The individual obtained from this latter cross would have two full sets of chromosomes from species A and one full set from species B. During meiosis, the two sets from species A would undergo normal pairing and distribution, whereas the set from species B would remain as univalents and would be distributed at random. Thus the gametes from such a plant would contain a full set of chromosomes from species A, and from none to a full set from species B. From such a plant the offspring would contain two full sets of chromosomes from species A and from none to various combinations of the chromosomes of species B.
The Streptomyces coelicolor GlnR regulon: identification of new GlnR targets and evidence for a central role of GlnR in nitrogen metabolism in actinomycetes

Streptomyces coelicolor GlnR is a global regulator that controls genes involved in nitrogen metabolism. By genomic screening 10 new GlnR targets were identified, including enzymes for ammonium assimilation (glnII, gdhA), nitrite reduction (nirB), urea cleavage (ureA) and a number of biochemically uncharacterized proteins (SCO0255, SCO0888, SCO2195, SCO2400, SCO2404, SCO7155). For the GlnR regulon, a GlnR binding site which comprises the sequence gTnAc‐n6‐GaAAc‐n6‐GtnAC‐n6‐GAAAc‐n6 has been found. Reverse transcription analysis of S. coelicolor and the S. coelicolor glnR mutant revealed that GlnR activates or represses the expression of its target genes. Furthermore, glnR expression itself was shown to be nitrogen‐dependent. Physiological studies of S. coelicolor and the S. coelicolor glnR mutant with ammonium and nitrate as the sole nitrogen source revealed that GlnR is not only involved in ammonium assimilation but also in ammonium supply. blast analysis demonstrated that GlnR‐homologous proteins are present in different actinomycetes containing the glnA gene with the conserved GlnR binding site. By DNA binding studies, it was furthermore demonstrated that S. coelicolor GlnR is able to interact with these glnA upstream regions. We therefore suggest that GlnR‐mediated regulation is not restricted to Streptomyces but constitutes a regulon conserved in many actinomycetes.
Gene Expression of Survivin in Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer type in humans, the fourth most common cause of death annually. Survivin (known as SVV and BIRC5) is the smallest member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family and it correlates with not only inhibition of apoptosis and a decreased rate of cell death, but also resistance to chemotherapy and tumor aggressiveness.The main goal of this study was to evaluate gene expression of survivin by RT-PCR as well as estimate the level of Oncostatin-M and antioxidants in the peripheral blood of patients with colorectal carcinoma and its relation to metastasis. Results: Our study shows high expression of survivin (p <0.001) and Oncostatin-M (p <0.001) in patients with colorectal cancer more than healthy persons. The present study revealed that CEA concentration was increased in colorectal carcinoma patients group compared to control group, p value was 0.010. Additionally, this study shows high elevation of antioxidants as catalase (p <0.001) , malondialdehyde (p <0.001) in patients group than control group. This proves that early detection of survivin and Oncostatin-M has important role in early screening of colorectal cancer.
Evaluación técnica de albañilería de bloques con adiciones puzolánicas

espanolSe efectuan ensayos de resistencia mecanica a diversas probetas de albanileria de bloques de hormigon, reemplazando cemento Portland por puzolanas disponibles en la region de Antofagasta, Chile (ceniza volante, ceniza volcanica y polvo del desierto). Para caracterizar la resistencia de la albanileria, se ensayan a compresion bloques individuales, prismas y muretes, fabricados con hormigon con distintas combinaciones conglomerantes del tipo cemento-puzolana; las resistencias obtenidas se comparan con una mezcla patron con 100% de cemento. Los resultados indican que es factible reemplazar un porcentaje de cemento Portland por puzolanas, obteniendose resistencias muy similares, contribuyendo con ello a reducir costos de construccion y disminuyendo las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero que se generan en la calcinacion de la materia prima. Se pretende tambien realzar la importancia de la albanileria de bloques de hormigon en la edificacion de viviendas de bajo costo y amigables con el ambiente. EnglishTests are carried out on various specimens of concrete block masonry, replacing Portland cement with pozzolans available in the region of Antofagasta, Chile (fly ash, volcanic ash and desert dust). To characterize the strength of the masonry, individual blocks, prisms and small walls are tested, made of concrete with different binder combinations «cement-pozzolan»; the obtained resistances are compared with standard mixture (100% cement). The results indicate that it is feasible to replace a percentage of Portland cement with pozzolans, obtaining very similar resistance, contributing to reduce construction costs and also, contributing to the environment by reducing cement demand and thereby reducing emissions of greenhouse gases that are generated in the calcination of the raw material. It is also pretension to enhance the importance of the masonry of concrete blocks in the construction of low-cost housing (economic and ecological).
Dexamethason, Cytarabin und Cisplatin +/- Rituximab bei refraktären oder rezidivierten B-Zell-Lymphomen: Analyse der Remissionsinduktion, Stammzellmobilisation, Toxizität, des progressionsfreien Überlebens und des Gesamtüberlebens

In diese retrospektive Analyse wurden 61 Patienten mit rezidiviertem oder refraktarem B-NHL eingeschlossen, die am Klinikum rechts der Isar mit (R)-DHAP behandelt wurden. Es wurden Ansprechraten, behandlungsbedingte Toxizitat, Stammzellmobilisation und Gesamtuberleben betrachtet. Die Therapie mit DHAP zeigte ein hervorragendes Potential zur Mobilisierung von Blutstammzellen. Rituximab fuhrte zu einer Verbesserung des Ansprechens auf die Rezidivtherapie ohne die Toxizitat oder den Mobilisationserfolg negativ zu beeinflussen.
Treatment With Dimethylthiourea Prevents Left Ventricular Remodeling and Failure After Experimental Myocardial Infarction in Mice: Role of Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress might play an important role in the progression of left ventricular (LV) remodeling and failure that occur after myocardial infarction (MI). We determined whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) are increased in the LV remodeling and failure in experimental MI with the use of electron spin resonance spectroscopy and whether the long-term administration of dimethylthiourea (DMTU), hydroxyl radical (·OH) scavenger, could attenuate these changes. We studied 3 groups of mice: sham-operated (sham), MI, and MI animals that received DMTU (MI+DMTU). Drugs were administered to the animals daily via intraperitoneal injection for 4 weeks. ·OH was increased in the noninfarcted myocardium from MI animals, which was abolished in MI+DMTU. Fractional shortening was depressed by 65%, LV chamber diameter was increased by 53%, and the thickness of noninfarcted myocardium was increased by 37% in MI. MI+DMTU animals had significantly better LV contractile function and smaller increases in LV chamber size and hypertrophy than MI animals. Changes in myocyte cross-sectional area determined with LV mid–free wall specimens were concordant with the wall thickness data. Collagen volume fraction of the noninfarcted myocardium showed significant increases in the MI, which were also attenuated with DMTU. Myocardial matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity, measured with gelatin zymography, was increased with MI after 7 and 28 days, which was attenuated in MI+DMTU. Thus, the attenuation of increased myocardial ROS and metalloproteinase activity with DMTU may contribute, at least in part, to its beneficial effects on LV remodeling and failure. Therapies designed to interfere with oxidative stress might be beneficial to prevent myocardial failure.
Is prolonged rotavirus infection a common cause of protracted diarrhoea?

Before Ruth Bishop’s identification in Melbourne of human rotavirus in 1973, paediatricians could offer only platitudes by way of explanation when confronted with young children with acute diarrhoea. Since then it has become clear that rotavirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in children under 2 years of age living in either developed or developing countries.1 Its pathogenic mechanisms have been largely elucidated, mainly by studying an analogous infection in piglets caused by transmissible gastroenteritis agent.2 3 Rotavirus probably causes diarrhoea by increasing the turnover of enterocytes along the villus axis, leading to the population of blunted villi by immature cells that are incapable of normal absorption, and are more crypt-like and secretory in nature.4-6 Rotavirus can also reduce sucrase–isomaltase expression in human enterocytes …