Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BODY MASS INDEX AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN YOUNG MEDICAL STUDENTS

Objective: To identify factors associated with Body Mass Index (BMI) of young adults in a medical school. Methodology: A descriptive cross – sectional study was conducted among students of Akhtar Saeed Medical Dental College Lahore, Pakistan from Jan. 2012 to July 2012. A representative sample of 103 regular medical students was randomly selected. Their heights and weights were recorded and structured questionnaire was filled after taking consent for interview on dietary habits, intake of breakfast and fast food, physical activity, exercise, family history and mood swings. The data was entered and analyzed on SPSS vs. 20. BMI was calculated, and relationship of BMI with different factors was assessed by using chi-square test. Results: Out of total 103 students, 57 (55.3%) were females. The mean age was 20.27 ± 1.292 years. Ninty seven students (94.2%) belongs to the family having income / capita / month ≥ than Rs. 10,000 and only 2 (1.9%) families were having illiterate parents. Family history of obesity was positive among 25 (24.3%) students. Fifty one (49.5%) students were hostilites. Total 58 (56.3%) had BMI ≥ 25 and among them 28 (27.18%) were males and 30 (29.12%) were females (p = 0.402). only 8 males and 4 females were obese having BMI ≥ (p = 0.103) this difference was insignificant. The difference in BMI among those who used to take exercise and those who didn’t take exercise was significant (p = 0.038). Association of Income / capita / month was found insignificant in overweight (p = 0.242) and obesity (p = 0.359). Fast food consumption and mood swings were also found insignificant as young adults are more concerned about their figure (p = 0.49 and p = 0.88 respectively). Conclusion: The problem of overweight and obesity was quite high. Obese males and overweight females students were more. It is an alarming situation and attention must be given to address it by creating awareness and health education among young adults.
Form-focused data-driven learning for grammar development in ESP contexts

The use of corpus-informed language in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) / English for Academic Purposes (EAP) teaching has considerably grown over the past two decades, especially due to the proliferation of course book material based on corpora. However, in terms of learning approaches to grammatical items, much less has been published commercially to train teachers in the use of corpora and their exploitation. DDL (Data-Driven Learning) techniques are still something to foster and publicize for ESP scenarios, since DDL tends to work as a productive method among learners whose L2 courses usually present specific (academic or professional) purposes in language use, as previous studies have shown. This paper deals with DDL as approached via hands-on concordancing by university students in the double degree of Business Administration and Tourism (B/T) in our institution. The targeted linguistic items were accessed via form-focused activities (e.g., noticing usage differences with verb tenses and synonymous verbs). Two grammar tests were administered to compare their results with another group that focused on the same grammatical points as delivered by an upper-intermediate, corpus-informed, textbook. The statistical findings reveal that the DDL group performed slightly better in the acquisition of such grammatical points, whereas most students felt that lexico-grammatical knowledge had been gained by relying on DDL to discover and apply usage patterns. Grammatical study may thereby evolve as a different perception in their minds due to corpus data exploitation and teacher-mediated discovery.
Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Stir-Cast Al-Mg-Sl Alloy Matrix Hybrid Composite Reinforced with Corn Cob Ash and Silicon Carbide

In this present study, the microstructural and mechanical behaviour of Al-Mg-Si alloy matrix composites reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) and Corn cob ash (An agro‑waste) was investigated. This research work was aimed at assessing the suitability of developing low cost- high performance Al-Mg-Si hybrid composite. Silicon carbide (SiC) particulates added with 0,1,2,3 and 4 wt% Corn cob ash (CCA) were utilized to prepare 10 wt% of the reinforcing phase with Al-Mg-Si alloy as matrix using two-step stir casting method. Microstructural characterization, density measurement, estimated percent porosity, tensile testing, and micro‑hardness measurement were used to characterize the composites produced. From the results obtained, CCA has great potential to serve as a complementing reinforcement for the development of low cost‑high performance aluminum hybrid composites.
Evolution of superbubbles in a self-gravitating disc

The expansion of a superbubble is investigated both analytically and numerically. Our model implements the thin-layer approximation in a vertical profile of density as given by an isothermal self-gravitating disc. A precise comparison with the results of numerical hydrodynamics is given. Analogies are drawn with the Kompaneets equation that includes the quadratic hyperbolic-secant law in the list of the plane-parallel stratified media. An astrophysical application is made to the superbubble connected with the two worms 46.4+5.5 and 39.7+5.7. The effects of the rotation of the Galaxy on the simulated radius and on the velocity are introduced. The worms with their strong limb brightening visible on astronomical maps are explained in the framework of image theory.
Chemical Composition of Some Tropical Foliage Species and Their Intake and Digestibility by Goats

The chemical composition and water extractable dry matter (DM) of foliages from Erythrina (Erythrina variegata), Fig (Ficus racemosa), Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill), Kapok (Ceiba pentandra) and Mango (Mangifera indica) and the feed intake, digestibility and N retention when feeding these foliages were studied in two experiments. In Experiment 1, 12 male goats, 3.5 months old and weighing 14.6 kg, were randomly allocated to a diet consisting of one of the foliages in a change-over design with three periods. The foliages were offered ad libitum at the level of 130% of the average daily feed intake. The Erythrina foliage had a low content of DM and condensed tannins (CT) and a high concentration of crude protein (CP) in leaves plus petioles (193 g/kg DM) and stem, while the Mango foliage had a low CP (69 g/kg DM) and high DM content. The other foliages were intermediate. High content of CT was found in the leaves plus petioles of Jackfruit foliage and in the stem of Fig and Mango foliage. There was a difference in feed intake, nutrient intake, apparent digestibility and N retention between the foliages, with Erythrina, Jackfruit and Kapok foliage being significantly higher in these parameters than Fig, Jujube and Mango foliage. The water extractable DM could be used to estimate N retention, but not DM digestibility in this study. In Experiment 2, 4 male goats weighing 13.4 kg and 6 months old were allocated to a 4x4 Latin square design. The treatments were: water spinach ad libitum and Fig, Jujube or Mango foliage ad libitum +0.5% of BW as water spinach DM. Feed intake, apparent digestibility and N retention were not significantly different among the foliage diets, but higher than for water spinach alone (p<0.05). Supplementation with water spinach to a diet consisting of low quality foliages such as Fig, Jujube and Mango, increased DM and CP intake, apparent digestibility and N retention, compared to feeding these foliages as sole feeds.
Fresh-Keeping Effort and Channel Performance in a Fresh Product Supply Chain with Loss-Averse Consumers’ Returns

We consider a fresh product supply chain consisting of one fresh product supplier and one e-tailer. Supplier sells fresh products through e-tailer in an online market, and the e-tailer offers a full-refund return policy to loss-averse consumers and exerts a fresh-keeping effort to keep the product at the optimum freshness level. By developing an analytical model, we derive the optimal price, quantity, and fresh-keeping effort jointly and verify that it is unique in the centralized setting. Based on the comparison, we demonstrate that the e-tailer’s profit is greater with fresh-keeping effort than without it; therefore, the e-tailer has an incentive to engage in fresh-keeping effort. We also show that the return rate is independent of the fresh-keeping effort and consumers’ loss aversion. In the decentralized setting, we first characterize the optimal wholesale price by the numerical study and then find that although the buyback contract still works, the revenue-sharing contract fails to achieve channel coordination under our model formulation. Furthermore, we develop a revenue- and cost-sharing contract that can coordinate the supply chain by designing a new contractual mechanism. Our numerical studies offer the Pareto improvement regions under the buyback and revenue- and cost-sharing contracts in which the supplier and e-tailer can earn more expected profits compared with being under wholesale price contract.
Motor integrated permanent magnet gear in a battery electrical vehicle

This paper presents the physical construction and test results of two new demonstrators of a Motor Integrated Permanent Magnet Gear (MIPMG), which is a second version of an already tested demonstrator. The demonstrators will be used as traction units for a Battery Electrical Vehicle (BEV) and the background for the specifications are elaborated. Simulated as well as measured results of rotational losses of the first and second version are compared. The efficiency of the new design is investigated and compared to the drivetrain of the Tesla Roadster and two direct drive axial flux motors in a few operating points, the MIPMG v.2 seems superior when used as traction unit in urban traffic.
Dispersal, distribution and establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: a review

The aim of this paper is to review and assess scientific literature relevant to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) population dynamics: reproduction and dispersal mechanisms, and establishment and distribution in natural ecosystems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligated root symbionts with an extraordinary capacity for growing, dispersing and surviving, but their life history is not well understood yet. Although there is information concerning AMF dispersal, distribution and establishment, some data are still ambiguous and contradictory. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) life cycle responds to surrounding environment but even when they only reproduce asexually, their populations encompass a high genetic and functional diversity within ecosystems. Environmental disturbances create new habitats for AMF dispersal, which can take place by root to root contact, animal transport and erosion processes. These agents are the common dispersal mechanisms of AMF in nature. Distribution of AMF is influenced mainly by the environment and soil and plant communities, but the specific AMF-host plant association is thought to be secondary because the AMF must invade and colonize any host root for establishment. Thus, inoculum density, host and fungal genetic compatibility, edaphic factors and plant-microbial activity determine the formation of mycorrhizal infections.
A General model to predict the iron losses in inverter fed induction motors

This paper presents an accurate and efficient method for predicting the iron losses in PWM inverter-fed induction motors. The method was initially proposed for the prediction of iron losses in non-oriented soft magnetic material with the same supply conditions. The proposed method requires the separation of the iron losses in the hysteresis and eddy current components and the average rectified and RMS of the PWM voltage values. Starting from the iron losses measured with sinusoidal supply and the PWM waveform characteristics, a fast and reliable prediction of the iron losses in the motor with the new voltage supply can be obtained. The proposed method has been proved on an induction motor prototype capable of providing good accuracy in iron loss measurement. The comparison between the measured and predicted iron losses with PWM supply have shown excellent agreement, confirming the validity of the method.
An integrated professionalism in further education: a time for phronesis?

The aim of this article is to examine the role taken by the Institute for Learning (IfL) in England to promote the nature of professionalism in the lifelong learning sector. It raises the possibility that the decisions taken by the IfL, since its inception in 2002, are leading to the de-professionalisation of teachers. It is argued that what is now needed is a new professionalism that is driven by the practice of phronesis: wise practical reasoning, based on judgement and wisdom, and that accords with the centrality of context and the reflective nature of the activity of teaching. It will be informed by values that enable practitioners to mediate the confrontational forces of managerialism which might otherwise threaten to undermine their professionalism.
Trade Openness and GDP Growth Nexus in South Africa

In this article, the authors look at whether trade openness has had positive effects on growth and development in South Africa. A time series regression method that depicts the long and short term effects of trade openness on the South African economy was used. We carry out a long and short term regression analysis using quarterly data for the period 1994 through to 2013.The results of the regression analysis indicate that there was an enormous long and short term influence of trade openness on growth and development in South Africa.
Modeling, control, and simulation of a SCARA PRR-type robot manipulator

In this study, a SCARA Prismatic-Revolute-Revolute-type (PRR) robot manipulator is designed and implemented. Firstly, the SCARA robot is designed in accordance with the mechanical calculations. Then, forward and inverse kinematic equations of the robot are derived by using D-H parameters and analytical methods. The software is developed according to the obtained Cartesian velocities from joint velocities and joint velocities from Cartesian velocities. The trajectory planning is designed using the calculated kinematic equations, and the simulation is performed in MATLAB VRML environment. A stepping motor is used for the prismatic joint of the robot, and servo motors are used for revolute joints. While most of the SCARA robot studies focus on the Revolute-Revolute-Prismatic -type (RRP) servo control strategy, this work focuses on PRR-type and both stepper and servo control structures. The objects in the desired points of the workspace are picked and placed to another desired point synchronously with the simulation. Therefore, the performance of the robot is examined experimentally.
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR PREDICTION OF PLASMA HORMONES, LIVER ENZYMES AND PERFORMANCE IN BROILERS

A three-layer feed forward Artificial Neural Network was trained to predict plasma hormones and liver enzymes in broiler chickens. Six diet parameters are selected as inputs (predictor) and eleven performances, plasma hormones or liver enzymes are chosen as output (predicted) parameters of the model. Birds were fed diets containing different concentration of energy and protein. A data set with 100 individuals is divided in two subsets (each contains 50 individuals) for training and evaluation of the neural network. A comparison is made between laboratory analysis results and the neural network predicted values for plasma hormones and liver enzymes. The neural network accurately forecasted the considered values in the first (training) subset and invalid answers were not identified in the second verification subset. The proposed model were found to most effective identify performance, plasma hormones or liver enzymes for broiler chickens fed the diets on the known range of the energy and protein concentration. Sensitivity analysis shows the dependency evaluation of the output parameters with respect to the inputs.
Sardine fishery with notes on the biology and stock assessment of oil sardine off Mangalore-Malpe

Sardines form an important resource off Mangalore-Malpe and the success/failure of their fishery in a way determined the status of marine fishery landings of this region. They contributed to an annual average (1997-98 to 2001-02) catch of 9,060 t. Since a number of gears are employed, the sardines are landed throughout the year along this coast. The fishery has registered a steep increase with the highest catch being observed in 2001-02. Several species of sardines supported the fishery, however the oil sardine, Sardinella longiceps comprised more than 90% of the catch. Length of S. longiceps varied from 40 mm to 220 mm and the length- weight relationship was estimated as W= . 01189L2.s6. Growth parameters estimated separately for the different years as well as for all five years combined showed that the Lm ranged from 212 mm to 228 mm and K from 0.85 to 1.09 yr-'. Total mortality rate ranged from 1.95 to 4.58 and natural mortality rate from 1.77 to 2.06. The exploitation rate ranged from 0.08 to 0.55. The study revealed that oil sardine is presently underexploited (E = 0.34) and the yield can be optimised by increasing the effort by 21%. However, economically remunerative man- agement option would be to increase the size at first capture from the present 0.76 year to 0.97 year.
Analyzing Supply Response of Fruit Tree Products in Tunisia: The Case of Peaches

In Tunisia, peaches have a significant place in the fruit tree sector. Planted areas have been expanding ever since the eighties as a result of irrigation water extension and the use of better yielding varieties. These factors resulted in high production levels and fruit exports thereof. However, important seasonal and annual variation of fruit supplies continues to characterize prices at both wholesale and consumption levels. To study the response of peach production an econometric model was developed. Modelling was carried out in two stages. First area variation was explained through new plantings and removals and second yield variation was analyzed. The methodological approach followed takes into account the characteristics and specificities related to perennial crops. Weak response of supply to variations in expected prices was obtained. Supply price elasticity was estimated about 0.13 suggesting a high degree of inelasticity.
Are the spatial patterns of weeds scale‐invariant?

In previous empirical and modelling studies of rare species and weeds, evidence of fractal behaviour has been found. We propose that weeds in modern agricultural systems may be managed close to critical population dynamic thresholds, below which their rates of increase will be negative and where scale-invariance may be expected as a consequence. We collected detailed spatial data on five contrasting species over a period of three years in a primarily arable field. Counts in 20×20 cm contiguous quadrats, 225,000 in 1998 and 84,375 thereafter, could be re-structured into a wide range of larger quadrat sizes. These were analysed using three methods based on correlation sum, incidence and conditional incidence. We found non-trivial scale invariance for species occurring at low mean densities and where they were strongly aggregated. The fact that the scale-invariance was not found for widespread species occurring at higher densities suggests that the scaling in agricultural weed populations may, indeed, be related to critical phenomena.
Knowledge Sources of Ecosystems and Learning Progressions

In a prior study, we developed a learning progression (LP) for systemic reasoning in ecosystems at the early elementary level (Hokayem & Gotwals, 2016). The LP captures increasingly sophisticated reasoning patterns used by first through fourth graders to explain interdependent relationships in ecosystems. The present study investigates students’ background knowledge— the knowledge sources that students use to develop the reasoning patterns on the different levels of the LP. In particular, we explored where and how students acquired their ideas about interdependent relationships in ecosystems in light of their learning progression levels. We collected two data sets, using a “purposive sampling” method: 1) student interviews, and 2) parent interviews. Forty-four first to fourth graders participated in a student interview to talk about where they have gained information to explain questions about interdependent relationships in ecosystems. Eight student parents, whose children were involved in the student interview, participated in a parent interview to explain their children’s informal experiences at home. The results showed that the media, followed by books, personal experiences and parental involvement, were the most common knowledge sources for early elementary students. More importantly, students who frequently drew upon out-of-school knowledge sources tended to demonstrate understanding represented by the higher levels of the LP. We discuss the implications of those results for learning progression research and for curriculum and instruction.
How surface latent heat flux is related to lower-tropospheric stability in southern subtropica marine stratus and stratocumulus regions

The relationship between surface latent heat flux and the lower-tropospheric stability (LTS) is examined using ERA-40 reanalysis, NCEP reanalysis and COADS (Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set) ship data in two southern subtropical marine stratus and stratocumulus regions. The change of surface latent heat flux with LTS is determined by a comparison of the correlation of LTS with surface wind speed and with near surface humidity difference. At intermediate LTS (10 K-15 K), both surface evaporation and downward surface radiation flux amplify small LTS perturbations due to the surface wind-LTS relationship and cloud-radiation feedback. At high LTS, surface latent heat flux exceeds its peak value and becomes a regulating mechanism to keep LTS at its commonly observed equilibrium value. Surface radiation flux is seen to decrease at a smaller rate with LTS than surface latent heat flux. By applying the regulating effect of LTS on near surface humidity differences, monthly surface latent heat flux can be better represented.
IM2CAD

Given a single photo of a room and a large database of furniture CAD models, our goal is to reconstruct a scene that is as similar as possible to the scene depicted in the photograph, and composed of objects drawn from the database. We present a completely automatic system to address this IM2CAD problem that produces high quality results on challenging imagery from interior home design and remodeling websites. Our approach iteratively optimizes the placement and scale of objects in the room to best match scene renderings to the input photo, using image comparison metrics trained via deep convolutional neural nets. By operating jointly on the full scene at once, we account for inter-object occlusions. We also show the applicability of our method in standard scene understanding benchmarks where we obtain significant improvement.