Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Producción de biopelículas y resistencia a desinfectantes en cepas de Salmonella aisladas de nopal, agua y suelo

Una característica de Salmonella es su capacidad para formar biopelículas. Estas estructuras pueden convertirse en focos de contaminación en la producción de alimentos inocuos, ya que resisten tratamientos con antimicrobianos y son difíciles de remover en procedimientos normales de limpieza. Por lo anterior los objetivos del presente estudio fueron: 1) determinar la capacidad de cepas de Salmonella, aisladas de nopal verdura (10 cepas), muestras de agua (2 cepas) y suelo (3 cepas), para formar biopelículas y 2) evaluar el efecto bactericida de los desinfectantes ácido cítrico, ácido láctico e hipoclorito de sodio sobre cepas formadoras de biopelículas. Se utilizó el método de O ́Toole y Kolter (1998) y placas de poliestireno (Coster®) con medio esencial mínimo con glucosa (MEM) y se determinó la densidad óptica (D.O) para estimar la producción de biopelículas. Los desinfectantes se aplicaron a placas con formación de biopelículasenMEMsimplede48ha37°C.Todaslascepas registraron producción de biopelículas desde las 24 h aunque se obtuvieron diferencias significativas (Tukey α= 0.05), dependiendo del tiempo de incubación con respecto a los valores de D. O. Las cepas de suelo expresaron su capacidad más rápidamente que las de agua y nopal. El hipoclorito de sodio (200 ppm) y el ácido láctico (1.5 X 10-4) inhibieron el crecimiento de células cuando se aplicaron por 20 min sobre las biopelículas. Los resultados aquí obtenidos evidencian la importancia de implementar las buenas prácticas agrícolas en la producción de nopal, como estrategia para prevenir la contaminación por cepas de Salmonella formadoras de biopelículas in vivo, donde el efecto de los tratamientos con sanitizantes pudiera variar.
Synergistic enhancement of EGF, but not HGF, stimulated hepatocyte motility by TGF‐β1 in vitro

The ability of TGF‐β1 (transforming growth factor‐beta 1) to suppress growth factor induced proliferation of many cell types in vitro is well documented; however, TGF‐β1 increases within a similar time frame as the hepatocyte mitogens HGF (hepatocyte growth factor), EGF (epidermal growth factor), and TGF‐α(transforming growth factor‐alpha) prior to hepatocyte proliferation during liver regeneration. This has raised the issue that TGF‐β1 may have effects on hepatocytes additional to mito‐inhibition and that these effects may be relevant to the regenerative process. To this end, we examined the effect of TGF‐β1 on both the mitogenesis and the motility of growth factor stimulated primary rat hepatocytes and the hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2 in vitro. TGF‐β1 significantly enhanced the chemotactic motility of EGF or TGF‐α, and not HGF, stimulated hepatocytes on a collagen I substratum. TGF‐β1 was not chemotactic when added alone and decreased the DNA synthesis of all hepatocyte cultures to near control levels. HepG2 cells were chemotactic toward HGF, EGF, and TGF‐β1 alone and displayed an additive chemotactic response when TGF‐β1 was added to either HGF or EGF. Additionally, HepG2 cells were refractory to the growth stimulatory effects of HGF or EGF and the growth inhibitory effects of TGF‐β1. Hepatocytes plated onto other collagen‐containing substrates (collagen IV, Matrigel, or ECL, an entactin‐collagen IV‐laminin matrix), but not on fibronectin or laminin alone, also displayed enhanced EGF stimulated motility by TGF‐β1. The data indicate that an additional, novel role for TGF‐β1 during liver tissue remodeling following PHx may include the synergistic enhancement EGF stimulated hepatocyte motility responses, and this enhancement is observed only on collagen‐containing extra‐cellular matrices. J Cell Physiol 170:57–68, 1997 © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Atrial arrhythmia after surgical closure of atrial septal defects in adults.

BACKGROUND Atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation are causes of morbidity in adults with an atrial septal defect. In this study, we attempted to identify risk factors for atrial flutter and fibrillation both before and after the surgical closure of an atrial septal defect. METHODS We searched for preoperative and postoperative atrial flutter or fibrillation in 213 adult patients (82 men and 131 women) who underwent surgical closure of atrial septal defects because of symptoms, a substantial left-to-right shunt (ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow, >1.5:1), or both at Toronto Hospital between 1986 and 1997. RESULTS Forty patients (19 percent) had sustained atrial flutter or fibrillation before surgery. As compared with the patients who did not have atrial flutter or fibrillation before surgery, those who did were older (59+/-11 vs. 37+/-13 years, P<0.001) and had higher mean pulmonary arterial pressures (25.0+/-9.7 vs. 19.7+/-8.2 mm Hg, P=0.001). There were no perioperative deaths. After a mean follow-up period of 3.8+/-2.5 years, 24 of the 40 patients (60 percent) continued to have atrial flutter or fibrillation. The mean age of these patients was greater than that of the 16 who converted to sinus rhythm (P=0.02). New-onset atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation was more likely to have developed at follow-up in patients who were older than 40 years at the time of surgery than in those who were 40 or younger (5 of 67 vs. 0 of 106, P=0.008). Late events (those occurring more than one month after surgery) included stroke in six patients (all but one with atrial flutter or fibrillation, one of whom died) and death from noncardiac causes in two patients. Multivariate analysis showed that older age (>40 years) at the time of surgery (P=0.001), the presence of preoperative atrial flutter or fibrillation (P<0.001), and the presence of postoperative atrial flutter or fibrillation or junctional rhythm (P=0.02) were predictive of late postoperative atrial flutter or fibrillation. CONCLUSIONS The risk of atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation in adults with atrial septal defects is related to the age at the time of surgical repair and the pulmonary arterial pressure. To reduce the morbidity associated with atrial flutter and fibrillation, the timely closure of atrial septal defects is warranted.
Effects of a natural extract of (–)‐hydroxycitric acid (HCA‐SX) and a combination of HCA‐SX plus niacin‐bound chromium and Gymnema sylvestre extract on weight loss

Aim: The efficacy of optimal doses of highly bioavailable (–)‐hydroxycitric acid (HCA‐SX) alone and in combination with niacin‐bound chromium (NBC) and a standardized Gymnema sylvestre extract (GSE) on weight loss in moderately obese subjects was evaluated by monitoring changes in body weight, body mass index (BMI), appetite, lipid profiles, serum leptin and excretion of urinary fat metabolites. HCA‐SX has been shown to reduce appetite, inhibit fat synthesis and decrease body weight without stimulating the central nervous system. NBC has demonstrated its ability to maintain healthy insulin levels, while GSE has been shown to regulate weight loss and blood sugar levels.
NITROGEN METABOLISM IN THE SOY BEAN.

Introduction In attempting to throw light on the protein metabolism of green plants, the variations in the quantities of the simpler water soluble nitrogen compounds of the soy bean (Glycine max var. Peking) (8) at various stages in its life cycle were determined and the effects of different conditions of nitrogen supply were studied. The soy bean was selected for this work, since it is of medium height, is high in nitrogen and matures relatively early. EMMERLING (3) reviewed the earlier literature of this subject very carefully and gives an interesting discussion of his own work with Vicia faba. He analyzed plants on nine different dates, making separate analyses of various parts such as the roots, stems, leaves, pods and seeds. He found that the seeds secured their nitrogen at the expense of the entire plant and that the leaves and hulls seemed to act as reserve storage organs for amides. A discussion of the literature on this subject up to a somewhat later date is given by SCHULZE (10). SURE and TOTTINGHAM (13) concluded from a rather complete fractionation of the nitrogen of etiolated plants that a-amino-acids served for the production of amides in the nitrogen metabolism of etiolated plants. CHIBNALL (2) has made quite extensive studies on nitrogen metabolism, especially of the leaf of the runner bean. He found that the leaf proteins changed but little after formation and that the fluctuations which occurred in the nitrogen compounds were mainly of the soluble forms. Some question has been raised by NIGHTINGALE (5) after his study of protein metabolism in various plants grown under different conditions particularly of light, as to the influence of the soluble forms of nitrogen on plant growth and he suggests that perhaps the ratio of insoluble nitrogen to carbohydrates is one of the most important in plants. STROWD (12) analyzed the leaves, stems, roots and nodules of soy beans grown under field conditions. He concluded that there was an increase in the nitrate content of the roots during arrested photosynthesis and that nitrates increased in the sap, but not proportionally, when the nitrate supply was increased. * Investigations pursued at the Ohio State University.
Molecular and Morphological Characterizations of Echinococcus granulosus from Human and Animal Isolates in Kashan, Markazi Province, Iran

Background: One of the most important zoonotic helminths in the world is known as Echinococcus granulosus. Different strains of the E. granulosus have been described based on morphological and molecular characterizations, however, there is limited information regarding the characteristics of the phenotypes and genotypes of E. granulosus in Iran. Methods: The present study was prepared to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of E. granulosus isolates collected from human, goat, sheep, and cattle based on 19 standard morphometric parameters and mitochondrial and nuclear genes (CO1, ND1, and ITS1) in Kashan, Markazi Province, Iran during 2013–2014. Results: The biometric analysis for the 19 characters revealed that the 19 morphometric values of cattle isolates were exceptionally higher than human, goat, and sheep isolates (P<0.05). Molecular analysis confirms the morphological findings. Phylogenic analysis of the CO1, NAD1 and ITS1 genes for all isolates, independent of the host, revealed that the common sheep strain (G1) is traveling among livestock in Kashan and the strains are highly adapted to goats, cattle, sheep, and humans. Conclusion: Both morphological and molecular results of this study indicated that the only genotype G1 of E. granulosus travels between humans and other intermediate hosts of this parasite in the area study.
Adverse drug events associated with disorders of coagulation

Disorders of coagulation are common adverse drug events encountered in critically ill patients and present a serious concern for intensive care unit (ICU) clinicians. Dosing strategies for medications used in the ICU are typically developed for use in noncritically ill patients and, therefore, do not account for the altered pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties encountered in the critically ill as well as the increased potential for drug-drug interactions, given the far greater number of medications ordered. This substantially increases the risk for coagulation-related adverse reactions, such as a bleeding or prothrombotic events. Although many medications used in the ICU have the potential to cause coagulation disorders, the exact incidence will vary based on the specific medication, dose, concomitant drug therapy, ICU setting, and patient-specific comorbidities. Clinicians must strongly consider these factors when evaluating the risk/benefit ratio for a particular therapy. This review surveys recent literature documenting the risk for adverse drug reactions specific to bleeding and/or clotting with commonly used medications in the ICU.
DECOMPOSITIONS ET ALGORITHMES PROXIMAUX POUR L'ANALYSE ET LE TRAITEMENT ITERATIF DES SIGNAUX

Decompositions et Algorithmes Proximaux pour l’Analyse et le Traitement Iteratif des Signaux Cette these est consacree a l’etude et la resolution de certains problemes non lineaires du traitement du signal et de l’image via l’analyse convexe. Nous proposons une etude variationnelle unifiee de problemes inverses et de problemes de decomposition de signaux qui ont, jusqu’a present, ete etudies individuellement en raison de leur apparente disparite. Dans le modele adopte, cette famille de problemes est reduite generiquement a la minimisation d’une somme de deux fonctions soumises a certaines proprietes de regularite. Des resultats d’existence, d’unicite et de caracterisation du probleme ainsi pose sont obtenus. L’operateur proximal, introduit par Moreau en 1962 pour les besoins de la mecanique, joue un role essentiel dans notre analyse. Nous l’utilisons notamment pour obtenir de nouveaux schemas non lineaires de decomposition de signaux. Cet outil est par ailleurs au coeur de l’algorithme explicite-implicite que nous proposons pour la resolution du probleme generique. Ce cadre theorique est applique a l’analyse de signaux et a la restauration d’images. Les problemes de restauration que nous abordons sont poses sur des trames et notre approche permet de prendre en compte des contraintes de parcimonie ou de modeliser des formulations bayesiennes avec des connaissances a priori sur les lois des coefficients de la decomposition. Des resultats numeriques sont fournis.
Is dental caries experience increased in HIV-infected children and adolescents? A meta-analysis

Abstract Objective. To undertake a systematic review to assess if HIV-infected children and adolescents have an increased dental caries experience. Methods. A search of MEDLINE, BIREME, EMBASE, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, SIGLE (Grey Literature) and reference lists of included studies was carried out. To be eligible the studies had to present HIV-infected and non-infected children/adolescents between 0–18 years old. To assess the methodological quality, the studies were categorized in scores from ‘A’ to ‘C’. To perform a meta-analysis a random effect model was used with 95% confidence intervals and two distinct sub-group analyses were carried out in terms of caries progression: data for cavitated and non-cavitated lesions (sub-group 1) and data only for cavitated lesions (sub-group 2). Results. Five studies fulfilled the selection criteria. Four studies (two ranked A and two B in the quality assessment) revealed higher caries scores in primary teeth in the HIV-infected patients with mean dmft/dmfs scores of 3.8–4.1/7.8–11.0 compared to the control group 1.5–2.4/3.4–5.1. No differences in caries index were found for permanent dentition. The meta-analysis excluded caries data of permanent teeth and showed a significant association between caries experience in primary dentition and HIV infection considering cavitated and non-cavitated lesions (OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.48–3.68) or only cavitated lesions (OR = 2.98, 95% CI = 1.59–5.59). Conclusion. Evidence exists that suggests HIV-infected children/adolescents have an increased caries experience in primary dentition.
The influence of train type, car weight, and train length on passenger train crashworthiness

Crash energy management (CEM) is a type of equipment design that is intended to protect occupant space during a collision. Structures at the front and back of each car act as crumple zones that absorb the collision energy. CEM is intended to distribute the damage from a collision throughout a consist to unoccupied areas. This paper describes how factors that vary in the operation of passenger trains affect the crashworthiness performance of conventional and CEM trains. Crush and secondary impact velocity are introduced as measures of crashworthiness performance. The collision scenario selected for this study includes a standing locomotive-led freight train and a cab led passenger train with an initial velocity. The passenger train contains either all CEM or all conventional equipment, and is either a multiple unit (MU) train with no locomotive, or push-pull train. The influence of consist type (MU or push-pull,) car weight, and the number of cars in a train-to-train crashworthiness are explored. The crashworthy speed is that speed at which all of the passenger train occupants are predicted to survive in the selected collision scenario. For both conventional and CEM equipment, MU trains have slightly higher crashworthy speeds than push-pull trains. Trains with heavier cars have lower crashworthy speeds for both conventional and CEM equipment. Longer trains also have lower crashworthy speeds, although the decrease crashworthy speed is less for CEM trains than for conventional trains. In all cases evaluated, the CEM trains have significantly higher crashworthy speed than the conventional trains; the crashworthy speed of CEM trains is typically twice that of conventional trains, and in some cases is nearly three times greater.
Critical Care Aspects of Alcohol Abuse

The authors reviewed MEDLINE and references of major articles in the published literature over the last 30 years regarding the complications of alcohol abuse and discuss the critical care aspects of alcohol abuse. This article discusses the severe medical conditions associated with alcohol abuse that lead to admission to the medical intensive care unit. The clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, diagnostic studies, and management of these conditions are discussed in detail.
Functional properties of isotype-switched immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG monoclonal antibodies to Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide

Controversy exists regarding isotype-related differences in the antibacterial and protective properties of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-specific antibodies of the immunoglobulin M (IgM) class and various IgG subclasses. To clarify this issue, a murine hybridoma secreting IgM monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific for the O polysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa serogroup O6 LPS was class switched, by sib selection, to produce an IgG3 MAb with identical specificity and variable region heavy and light chain nucleotide sequences. This IgG3-secreting cell line was further switched to the production of O-specific, variable region-identical IgG1, IgG2b, and IgG2a MAbs. Functional comparisons of these LPS-specific IgM and IgG MAb isotypes revealed similar LPS binding, opsonic, and protective activities. Relatively minor isotype-related differences in levels of efficiency of MAb-mediated, complement-dependent opsonophagocytic killing (IgM > IgG2a > IgG3 > IgG2b > > IgG1) were not associated with corresponding differences in in vivo functions. These findings, in conjunction with previously published data, support a cautious approach to generic conclusions regarding the immunotherapeutic superiority of LPS-specific antibodies belonging to either the IgM or IgG class or to a particular IgG subclass.
The analgesic effect of preoperative administration of propacetamol, tenoxicam or a mixture of both in arthroscopic, outpatient knee surgery.

A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, comparative study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of the preemptive use of propacetamol, tenoxicam or the combination of both in arthroscopic, outpatient surgery of the knee. One hundred patients aged 18 to 65 years, ASA 1-2, scheduled for arthroscopy were randomized to receive propacetamol 30 mg/kg i.v. (repeated after 6 hours), tenoxicam 0.5 mg/kg i.v. (max. 40 mg), the combination of both or placebo one hour prior to a standard anesthetic. There were no differences with regard to total dose opioid consumption, sedation scores and side effects in the four groups.
Modeling and Significance of Fringe Capacitance in Nonclassical CMOS Devices With Gate&#8211;Source/Drain Underlap

Parasitic gate-source/drain (G-S/D) fringe capacitance in nonclassical nanoscale CMOS devices, e.g., double-gate (DG) MOSFETs, is shown, using two-dimensional numerical simulations, to be very significant, gate bias-dependent, and substantially reduced by a well-designed G-S/D underlap. Analytical modeling of the outer and inner components of the fringe capacitance is developed and verified by the numerical simulations; a BOX-fringe component is modeled for single-gate fully depleted silicon-on-insulator MOSFETs. With the new modeling implemented in UFDG, our process/physics-based generic compact model for DG MOSFETs, UFDG/Spice3 shows how nanoscale DG CMOS speed is severely affected by the fringe capacitance and how this effect can be moderated by an optimal underlap, which yields a good tradeoff between the parasitic capacitance and the S/D resistance
Fouling organisms in Hawaii

This report on fouling organisms is based primarily upon investigations in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, which were initiated by C. H. Edmondson in March 1935 and are still in progress. In September 1935, W. M. Ingram began a parallel two-year study of such organ~ isms in Kaneohe Bay and Pearl Harbor. However, the Pearl Harbor' station was' abandoned after one year because of unsuitable conditions. Stu.dies were then centered in the Kaneohe Bay area, supplemented by casual observations in other localities. Brief preliminary statements on the progress of these investigations were made in 1937 by Edmondson in a published report (13)1 and by Ingram in an unpublished thesis (19). The present account brings together the most important data and results collected over a period of three years. The windward shore of Oahu was selected for these studies because most previous observations had been made on the leeward shore, in Pearl Harbor and Honolulu Harbor. The field work was done at the end of a pier extending about 400 yards out from the shore of the Territorial Fish and Game Farm in Kaneohe Bay, a potential harbor on the northeast coast. Here the bottom is muddy and sandy with some outcropping of coral rocks nearby. The water in this geneta} area is about one fathom. deep at high tide while a dredged chan-
Exercise-induced improvements in myocardial antioxidant capacity: the antioxidant players and cardioprotection

Abstract Endurance exercise training is known to promote beneficial adaptations to numerous tissues including the heart. Indeed, endurance exercise training results in a cardioprotective phenotype that resists injury during an ischemia–reperfusion (IR) insult. Because IR-induced cardiac injury is due, in part, to increased production of radicals and other reactive oxygen species, many studies have explored the impact of exercise training on myocardial antioxidant capacity. Unfortunately, the literature describing the effects of exercise on the cardiac antioxidant capacity is widely inconsistent. Nonetheless, a growing body of evidence indicates that regular bouts of endurance exercise promote an increase in the expression of both superoxide dismutase 1 and 2 in cardiac mitochondria. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that exercise also increases accessory antioxidant enzymes in the heart. Importantly, robust evidence indicates that as few as five consecutive days of endurance exercise training results in a cardiac phenotype that resists IR-induced arrhythmias, myocardial stunning, and infarction. Further, mechanistic studies indicate that exercise-induced increases in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 play a key role in this adaptation. Future studies are required to provide a complete picture regarding the cellular adaptations that are responsible for exercise-induced cardioprotection.