Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast Charge and Triplet State Formation in Diketopyrrolopyrrole Low Band Gap Polymer/Fullerene Blends: Influence of Nanoscale Morphology of Organic Photovoltaic Materials on Charge Recombination to the Triplet State

Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of thin films of two types of morphologies of diketopyrrolopyrrole low band gap polymer/fullerene-adduct blends is presented and indicates triplet state formation by charge recombination, an important loss channel in organic photovoltaic materials. At low laser fluence (approaching solar intensity) charge formation characterized by a 1350 nm band (in ~250 fs) dominates in the two PDPP-PCBM blends with different nanoscale morphologies and these charges recombine to form a local polymer-based triplet state on the sub-ns timescale (in ~300 and ~900 ps) indicated by an 1100 nm absorption band. The rate of triplet state formation is influenced by the morphology. The slower rate of charge recombination to the triplet state (in ~900 ps) belongs to a morphology that results in a higher power conversion efficiency in the corresponding device. Nanoscale morphology not only influences interfacial area and conduction of holes and electrons but also influences the mechanism of intersystem crossing (ISC). We present a model that correlates morphology to the exchange integral and fast and slow mechanisms for ISC (SOCT-ISC and H-HFI-ISC). For the pristine polymer, a flat and unstructured singlet-singlet absorption spectrum (between 900 and 1400 nm) and a very minor triplet state formation (5%) are observed at low laser fluence.
Fertility Intentions across Immigrant Generations in Sweden. Do Patterns of Adaptation Differ by Gender and Origin?

In being representative of individuals’ demographic value orientations, fertility preferences provide information about immigrants’ adaptation to family formation patterns in the destination country at a deeper, ideational level than actual fertility does. Using data from Wave 1 of the Swedish GGS from 2012/2013 (n=3,932), this study compares the first, 1.5, and second generations with either one or two foreign-born parent(s) to Swedes without an immigrant background by gender and across origins. Binary logistic regression is used to compare the propensity to state a positive fertility intention, and partial proportional odds models are used to analyse differences across four ordinal intention categories (definitely/probably yes/no). Results show a general tendency towards convergence from the relatively positive intentions of the first generation to levels closer to non-immigrants in later generations, although complete convergence is only found for the second generation with one foreign-born parent. There are gender differences, with women being similar to non-immigrants by the 1.5 generation, while there is no clear intergenerational trend for men. Among origin groups, convergence is evident among Eastern Europeans and “other non-Europeans”, while Westerners already are similar to non-immigrants in the first generation, and Middle Easterners/North Africans display no clear intergenerational trend. This study contributes to the understanding of immigrant fertility by showing that there often is intergenerational adaptation at the ideational (i.e. preference) level, that the pace and extent of convergence vary by gender and across origins, and that group-level patterns found for fertility intentions do not always match those found in earlier research on fertility behaviour. * This article belongs to a special issue on migrant fertility.
The Maximum of Randomly Weighted Sums with Long Tails in Insurance and Finance

In risk theory we often encounter stochastic models containing randomly weighted sums. In these sums, each primary real-valued random variable, interpreted as the net loss during a reference period, is associated with a nonnegative random weight, interpreted as the corresponding stochastic discount factor to the origin. Therefore, a weighted sum of m terms, denoted as , represents the stochastic present value of aggregate net losses during the first m periods. Suppose that the primary random variables are independent of each other with long-tailed distributions and are independent of the random weights. We show conditions on the random weights under which the tail probability of —the maximum of the first n weighted sums—is asymptotically equivalent to that of —the last weighted sum.
Lipid profile in type 2 diabetic subjects aged 40 years and over living in Benin

Background : Abnormal lipid profile is common in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Despite use of lipid-lowering agents, many subjects with T2D do not achieve lipid targets. The present work aimed to assess lipid profile in a randomly selected group of adult diabetic subjects under treatment in order to determine how diabetes treatment affects blood lipid parameters levels. HbA1c level is used as a biomarker of glycaemia control achievement and treatment success in diabetic. Methods : This study was carried out as a pre-post test design study with a control group. A total of 117 diabetic subjects under treatment and 100 non-diabetics as control subjects are included in the study. CT, TG and HDL-C were measured by enzymatic methods and LDL-C was determined by Friedewald formula. Plasma glucose was measured by Glucose Oxidase method and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with a radioimmunoassay. Results : The results showed that CT (p 7.0% had significantly higher levels of TC (P 7.0%. Abnormal lipid patterns and insulin resistance tend to be normalized with therapy of diabetes.
Assessment of auditory brainstem responses in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism

DOI: 10.4328/JCAM.5780 Received: 20.02. 2018 Accepted: 12.03. 2018 Published Online: 28.03. 2018 Printed: 01.09. 2018 J Clin Anal Med 2018;9(5): 411-5 Corresponding Author: Elif Karalı, Kulak Burun Boğaz Departmanı, Zonguldak Ereğli Devlet Hastanesi, Ereğli, Zonguldak, Turkey. GSM: +905055780193 E-Mail:elifkarali8181@gmail.com ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8164-4056 Abstract Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of thyroid hormone changes on hearing pathways by assessing audiometry and auditory brainstem responses of hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patients and to determine whether hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism patients are at risk for hearing loss. Material and Method: Between June 2008-July 2009, 25 hyperthyroidism (Graves, Multinodular Goitre) and 25 hypothyroidism (Hashimato hypothyroidism) patients who were newly diagnosed in the endocrinology clinic of Düzce University Medical Faculty between the ages of 20-50 were taken into study. Audiometry and Auditory brainstem response (ABR) measurements were performed for each patient. Results: In audiometry findings of hyperthyroid patients, a sensorineural hearing loss was detected especially at high frequency when compared to normal control group. There was no significant difference in the ABR results when compared with the control group. When audiometric findings were interpreted in hypothyroid patients, a sensorineural hearing loss was detected especially at high frequencies when compared to the control group. When the ABR measurements of the control group were compared with the hypothyroid group, the wave latencies I. , III. , V. and I-III, I-V interpeak latencies were higher in the hypothyroid group, but the difference between the first wave latency and III-V and I-V interpeak latencies was not statistically significant (p> 0,05), but the difference between III. , V. wave lattices and I-III interpeak latency was statistically significant (p <0.05). These changes in ABR waves suggest that there are retrocochlear problems in hypothyroid patients. Discussion: The results of our study suggest that both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism may have an impact on the hearing pathways.
MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF COKE FORMED FROM THE CASTILLA AND JAZMÍN CRUDE OILS

Amorphological classification of cokes from the Castilla and Jazmin Colombian crude oils was completed. These heavy-nature crude oils, after being fractioned during the refining stages, were physicochemically characterized and submitted to the coking process. The conclusions of this work are based on the characterization of the feedstock chemical composition according to the type of aromatic carbon. UV visible spectrophotometry and the corresponding micrographs obtained by a Scan Electron Microscope (SEM), in amplification intervals from 100X to 5000X for the samples of formed cokes, were analyzed. Results of this work allowed the determination of the morphological classification intervals in function of the polyaromatic compound concentration ratio (tetraromatic / triaromatic, and diaromatic / triaromatic) of the different coked feedstocks. Furthermore, high content of calcium and sulfur in the feedstocks promotes morphologies of the associated - shot type.
Vegetable Processing Wastes as Dietary Ingredients for the Striped Catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus : A Case Study

All food processing industries generate wastes of varying nature in significant quantities. Managing these wastes so as to minimise the impact on the environment is a prime concern. The concept of waste has undergone much change in recent times, with the focus being on utilising the waste materials as inputs for generation of new or reusable products. Vegetable wastes are generated in significant quantities and are easily available at minimal charge. The possibility of utilising vegetable waste as a dietary ingredient was assessed employing the striped catfish as the test species. The study was conducted over a period of 90 days. Vegetable waste was incorporated at inclusion levels of 5, 10 and 15 % in formulated diets. The three test diets were designated T 1, T 2 and T 3 respectively. A clam meal based diet devoid of vegetable waste served as the control (T 0). Feeding was done once daily @ 5% of the body weight. The water quality parameters like dissolved oxygen, water temperature pH, total alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate as well as growth response were monitored at fortnightly intervals. The quality of water was maintained by periodic partial replenishment over the period of study. On termination of the trial, better growth response was recorded in the T 1 treatment containing 5% level of vegetable waste. The initial average weight and length of fishes in T 0, T 1, T 2 and T 3 were 6.16 g, 7.14 g, 6.22 g and 7.40 g and final average weight was recorded 17.69, 19.19, 16.79 and 13.46 respectively. Utilisation efficiency was also found to be superior in the T 1 diet as evidenced by the best food conversion ratio of 1.81. Fish fed with T 3 diet recorded the lowest Food conversion ratio of 2.35. Specific growth rate (%) was better in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus fingerling fed the control diet. Survival rate of the striped catfish was unaffected by vegetable waste meal supplementation. Organoleptic quality of fish was not affected adversely by vegetable waste incorporation in the diet. The results suggest the possibility of utilising vegetable waste meal in diets for the striped catfish at low levels of incorporation. Further studies on the use of ensiled vegetable waste in diets for the striped catfish are warranted.
Effect of ripening conditions on the quality and storability of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) fruits.

This study was conducted to identify the effect of ripening conditions on quality of ‘Honey One’ and ‘Earl`s Talent’ muskmelon cultivars stored at 10°C with 80 ± 5% relative humidity (RH) and room temperature (RT; 25°C) with 50 ± 5% RH. Weight loss and respiration rate of both cultivars were lower at 10°C than at RT throughout the ripening period. In the case of ethylene and ethanol production, ‘Honey One’ showed higher production than ‘Earl`s Talent’. There was no significant difference in acetaldehyde production between the two cultivars. ‘Honey One’ had higher total soluble solids (TSS) than ‘Earl`s Talent’ throughout the ripening period. ‘Earl`s Talent’ showed lower sucrose but higher glucose and fructose contents than ‘Honey One’. Titratable acidity (TA) and firmness decreased in both cultivars during the ripening period. ‘Earl`s Talent’ maintained firmness longer than ‘Honey One’. The polygalacturonase (PG) activity of ‘Honey One’ decreased starting from the 6th day of ripening, reaching 12.58 nmol·kg-1·s-1 on day 9 and maintaining that level afterwards while at RT. By contrast, ‘Earl`s Talent’ maintained PG activity up to day 21. Both water soluble pectin (WSP) and ammonium soluble pectin (ASP) increased but hydrochloric acid soluble pectin (HSP) and sodium hydroxide soluble pectin (SSP) decreased as the ripening period proceeded. The Hunter`s L* value of the two cultivars showed a decreasing trend in the flesh regardless of the ripening temperature. The sensory evaluation scores for both cultivars were highest on day 15th at 10°C and on day 9th at RT. Overall, our results revealed that the best nutritional benefits of muskmelon were achieved on the 15th day of ripening at 10°C and on the 9th day of ripening at RT irrespective of cultivars. Additional key words: nutritional benefit, pectin content, polygalacturonase, respiration rate, sucrose
MULTIPLE TEMPERATURE GAS DYNAMIC EQUATIONS FOR NON-EQUILIBRIUM FLOWS *

In an early approach, a kinetic model with multiple translational temperature [K. Xu, H. Liu and J. Jiang, Phys. Fluids 19, 016101 (2007)] to simulate non-equilibrium flows was proposed. In this paper, instead of using three temperatures in the x, y and z-directions, we define the translational temperature as a second-order symmetric tensor. Under the new framework, the differences between the temperature tensor and the pressure tensor will be explicitly pointed out. Based on a multiple stage BGK-type collision model and the Chapman-Enskog expansion, the corresponding macroscopic gas dynamics equations in three-dimensional space will be derived. The zeroth-order expansion gives 10 moment closure equations similar to that of Levermore [C.D. Levermore, J. Stat. Phys 83, pp.1021 (1996)]. The derived gas dynamic equations can be considered as a regularization of the 10 moments equations in the first-order expansion. The new gas dynamic equations have the same structure as the Navier-Stokes equations, but the stress-strain relationship in the Navier-Stokes equations is replaced by an algebraic equation with temperature differences. At the same time, the heat flux, which is absent in Levermore’s 10 moment closure, is recovered. As a result, both the viscous and the heat conduction terms are unified under a single anisotropic temperature concept. In the continuum flow regime, the new gas dynamic equations automatically recover the standard Navier-Stokes equations. Our gas dynamic equations are natural extensions of the Navier-Stokes equations to the near continuum flow regime and can be used for microflow computations. Two examples, the force-driven Poiseuille flow and the Couette flow in the transition flow regime, are used to validate the model. Both analytical and numerical results are presented. Theoretically, the Boltzmann equation can be also applied to the current multiple stage gas evolution model to derive generalized macroscopic governing equations in the near continuum flow regime. Instead of using Maxwellian as an expansion point in the Chapman-Enskog method, the multiple temperature Gaussian can be used as an expansion point as well.
Combining Portfolio Models

The best asset allocation model is searched for. In this paper, we argue that it is unlikely to find an individual model which continuously outperforms its competitors. Rather one should consider a combined model out of a given set of asset allocation models. In a large empirical study using various standard asset allocation models, we find that (i) the best model depends strongly on the chosen data set, (ii) it is difficult to ex-ante select the best model, and (iii) the combination of models performs exceptionally well. Frequently, the combination even outperforms the ex-post best asset allocation model. The promising results are obtained by a simple combination method based on a bootstrap procedure. More advanced combination approaches are likely to achieve even better results.
A Metal-rich Molecular Cloud Surrounds GRB 050904 at Redshift 6.3

GRB 050904 is the gamma-ray burst with the highest measured redshift. We performed time-resolved X-ray spectroscopy of the late GRB and early afterglow emission. We find robust evidence for a decrease with time of the soft X-ray-absorbing column. We model the evolution of the column density due to the flash ionization of the GRB and early afterglow photons. This allows us to constrain the metallicity and geometry of the absorbing cloud. We conclude that the progenitor of GRB 050904 was a massive star embedded in a dense metal-enriched molecular cloud with Z ≳ 0.03 Z☉. This is the first local measurement of metallicity in the close environment of a GRB and one of the highest redshift metallicity measurements. We also find that the dust associated with the cloud cannot be similar to that of our Galaxy but must be either sizably depleted or dominated by silicate grains. We discuss the implications of these results for GRB progenitors and high-redshift star formation.
Partial Slip Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching Sheet in a Nanofluid

The boundary layer flow and heat transfer of a nanofluid over a stretching sheet are numerically studied. Velocity slip is considered instead of no-slip condition at the boundary as is usually appears in the literature. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary ones using a similarity transformation, before being solved numerically. Numerical solutions of these equations are obtained using finite element method (FEM). The variations of velocity and temperature inside the boundary layer as well as the skin friction coefficient and the heat transfer rate at the surface for some values of the governing parameters, namely, the nanoparticle volume fraction and the slip parameter are presented graphically and discussed. Comparison with published results for the regular fluid is presented and it is found to be in excellent agreement.
Pemakaian sepatu hak tinggi berhubungan dengan nyeri otot betis pada pramuniaga

LATAR BELAKANGPada tahun 2014, American Pediatric Medical Association (APMA) mencatat sebanyak 49% wanita menggunakan sepatu hak tinggi dengan 77% mengalami masalah pada kaki. Selain itu Badan survei di Amerika Serikat juga mencatat 59% wanita menggunakan sepatu hak tinggi kurang lebih satu sampai delapan jam perharinya. Bahkan ada yang memakai lebih dari sepuluh jam secara terus-menerus setiap hari. Dalam hal ini, pramuniaga merupakan salah satu pekerjaan yang menggunakan sepatu hak tinggi dalam pekerjaan sehari-hari. METODEPenelitian menggunakan studi pendekatan observasional dan metode potong silang (Cross-sectional) yang dilakukan pada 84 subjek di Departement Store X di Bogor. Data yang dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner karakteristik responden, dan mengukur derajat nyeri otot menggunakan metode Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Variabel yang diteliti adalah posisi saat bekerja, masa kerja, tinggi dan jenis hak sepatu, serta nyeri otot betis. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Chi-square yang diolah dengan program SPSS V.21 dengan tingkat kemaknaan adalah nilai p<0.005. HASILHasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara tinggi hak sepatu (p=0.004) dan masa kerja (p=0.042) dengan nyeri otot betis pada pramuniaga, sedangkan hasil analisis antara posisi saat bekerja, dan jenis hak sepatu tinggi dengan nyeri otot betis tidak didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna (p=0.169; 0.082). KESIMPULANPenelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara masa kerja dan tinggi hak sepatu dengan nyeri otot betis pada pramuniaga perempuan.
Maximal compact normal subgroups

The main concern is the existence of a maximal compact normal subgroup K in a locally compact group G, and whether or not G/K is a Lie group. G has a maximal compact subgroup if and only if G/Go has. Maximal compact subgroups of totally disconnected groups are open. If the bounded part of G is compactly generated, then G has a maximal compact normal subgroup K and if B(G) is open, then G/K is Lie. Generalized FCgroups, compactly generated type I IN-groups, and Moore groups share the same properties. Introduction. We shall be concerned with the conditions under which a locally compact group G possesses a maximal compact normal subgroup K and whether or not G/K is a Lie group. It is known that locally compact connected groups and compactly generated Abelian groups have maximal compact normal subgroups with Lie factor groups. Moreover, almost connected groups (i.e., when G/Go is compact, where Go is the identity component of G) and compactly generated FCgroups share these results. For general locally compact Abelian groups, the corresponding assertion is not true even if the group is a-compact. Consider any Q,a of a-adic numbes; Q7a is a locally compact a-compact Abelian group which has no maximal compact (normal) subgroup. In this paper we show that a locally compact group G has a maximal compact subgroup if and only if G/Go has (Theorem 1). This generalizes substantially the corresponding result for almost connected groups mentioned before. It also reduces the question of the existence of maximal compact subgroups to that of totally disconnected groups-in which we show every maximal compact subgroup is open (Corollary 1 of Theorem 2). In [1] it is proved that a generalized FCgroup G has a maximal compact normal subgroup K. Here we show that G/K is a Lie group (Theorem 5). We also prove that, if the bounded part of G, B(G), is compactly generated, then G has a maximal compact normal subgroup (Theorem 6). Particularly, we see that compactly generated Moore groups, type I IN-groups, and compact extensions of compactly generated nilpotent groups have the desired properties (Theorems 7 and 8). Finally some sufficient conditions for G/K to be a Lie group are summarized in Theorem 10. If a topological group G has a maximal compact subgroup N, then clearly gNgis a maximal compact subgroup of G for any g C G. A maximal compact subgroup contains every compact normal subgroup. Hence K = ngeG gNg-1 is the maximal compact normal subgroup of G. Received by the editors July 12, 1985 and, in revised form, December 24, 1985. 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification (1985 Revision). Primary 22D05. (? 1987 American Mathematical Society 0002-9939/87 $1.00 + $. 25 per page
Binary Rating Estimation with Graph Side Information

Rich experimental evidences show that one can better estimate users' unknown ratings with the aid of graph side information such as social graphs. However, the gain is not theoretically quantified. In this work, we study the binary rating estimation problem to understand the fundamental value of graph side information. Considering a simple correlation model between a rating matrix and a graph, we characterize the sharp threshold on the number of observed entries required to recover the rating matrix (called the optimal sample complexity) as a function of the quality of graph side information (to be detailed). To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to reveal how much the graph side information reduces sample complexity. Further, we propose a computationally efficient algorithm that achieves the limit. Our experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm performs well even with real-world graphs.