Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial and temporal variation of benthic macroinvertebrates in the Nam Gnom Basin receiving discharged waters from the Nam Theun 2 Reservoir (Lao PDR)

In order to assess the impact of water release in the downstream area of the Nam Theun 2 Reservoir (Lao PDR), the spatial and temporal variation of benthic macroinvertebrates was explored. Between 2010 and 2012, five sites were monitored in the Nam Gnom Basin, a tributary of the Xe Bangfai River, receiving the turbinated waters. Repeated-time collections revealed the presence of 109 taxa mainly identified to the family level, attesting to a rich biota. Preliminary results did not show shifts in diversity, population composition, and feeding metrics. Redundancy Analysis indicated that the altitudinal gradient ( i.e . altitude and altitude-related variables) remained the major environmental factor influencing the macroinvertebrates distribution before water discharge. The presence of a tributary downstream of the release point, and the respect of the natural river inflow can explain the preservation of natural conditions. More samples and a strengthened ecological knowledge of Southeast Asian macroinvertebrates are still required to confirm these preliminary results.
Combined effects of increased UV-B and temperature on the pigment-determined marine phytoplankton community of the St. Lawrence Estuary

The combined effects of increased UV-B and temperature on natural marine phyto- plankton from the St. Lawrence Estuary (Canada) were examined in an 8 d mesocosm experiment carried out in Rimouski (Quebec, Canada) in August 2008. We tested the hypothesis that in - creased temperature (+ 3°C) will offset algal growth suppression by UV-B (78% UV-B increase) using duplicate mesocosm experiments containing natural phytoplankton assemblages. The re - sponse of the entire phytoplankton community, in terms of HPLC pigment-based phytoplankton bio mass, community composition (CHEMTAX), xanthophyll cycles photoprotection and quantum yield of photosystem II (the ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence: Fv/Fm), showed a signifi- cant influence of temperature (negative on small phytoplanktonic cells, < 5 µm, and positive on larger diatoms) but only after the peak of the diatom bloom, when nutrients became limited. Inter- actions between temperature and UV-B treatments were significant only for small cells during post-bloom; UV-B induced an increase in phytoplankton biomass at the normal temperature but had no effect at warmer temperatures. Enhancing UV-B delayed the bloom slightly under the nor- mal temperature and spread it over a longer period of time, with no sign of major cellular damage. Our re sults do not support the tested hypothesis, and they suggest that temperature plays a greater role than UV-B radiation in structuring phytoplankton communities, possibly favouring diatoms rather than small cells in a warmer climate scenario. Other effects such as grazing or coastal eutrophication should be considered in future studies.
Positron cooling by vibrational and rotational excitation of molecular gases

Measurements of positron temperature as a function of time are presented when a positron gas, confined in an electromagnetic trap at an elevated temperature ( ≥ 1200 ? > K), is cooled by interactions with the molecular gases CF 4 ? > , N 2 ? > or CO at 300 K. A simple model describing positron thermalization by coupling to vibrational and rotational modes is presented, with cooling-rate predictions calculated in the Born approximation. Comparisons to the measured positron cooling-rate curves permit estimates of the magnitudes of the relevant cross sections. The results are compared with experiment for the case of vibrational excitation, where direct measurements exist; and they provide estimates of the rotational excitation cross sections where direct measurements are not currently possible. Positron cooling rates are compared for these gases at 300 K, and estimates of their effectiveness in cooling positrons to cryogenic temperatures are discussed.
Glucose Mass Transfer in Alcoholic Fermentation Using Stirred Beds of Immobilized S. Cerevisiae Cells

The external and internal mass transfers of substrate have been analyzed for alcoholic fermentation using a bioreactor with mobile beds of immobilized yeast cells. The experiments have been carried out under glucose inhibition limitation for different sizes and concentrations of biocatalysts particle. By means of the substrate mass balance for a single particle of biocatalysts, considering the kinetic model adapted for the inhibitory effect of glucose, a specific mathematical model has been developed for describing the profiles of the substrate concentration in the outer and inner regions of biocatalysts and, implicitly, for estimating its mass flows in the liquid boundary layer surrounding the particle and inside the particle. The values of the mass flows are significantly influenced both by the internal diffusion velocity of substrate, and by the rate of the biochemical reaction of substrate consumption. These cumulated influences led to the appearance of “biological inactive region” near the particle centre, its magnitude varying from 0.34 to 1.22% from the overall volume of particles. The use of mixing diminished considerably the extent of this region compared to that recorded for similar substrate conversion in a fixed bed bioreacto
Lean supply chain practices in urban road construction projects: a case of class ‘a’ road construction companies in Nairobi county, Kenya

A study was carried out to establish the lean supply chain practices in urban road construction projects among class "A" road construction companies in Nairobi County. The study aimed at achieving two objectives: To determine the lean supply chain practices adopted in urban road construction projects in Nairobi County. Kenya and to establish the challenges in implementing lean supply chain practices in urban road construction projects in Nairobi County, Kenya. The researcher adopted a case study design with a descriptive approach. Data was collected from Class "A" road construction companies in Nairobi and from the Kenya urban roads board through questionnaires. The data collected was subjected to SPSS for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to explain the lean supply chain practices whereas factor analysis was used to establish the main challenges the companies encounter when implementing lean supply chain practices. The findings indicate that Class "A" road construction companies in Nairobi have adopted various lean supply chain management practices. These practices include: emphasizing on proper customer focus; developing avenues for waste reduction in their activities; practicing continuous improvement in their processes and adopting Just in Time technique of inventory management.
The Effect of Transformational Leadership on the Employees' Performance through Intervening Variables of Empowerment, Trust, and Satisfaction (A Study on Coal Companies in East Kalimantan)

The objective of this research is to investigate the influence of the transformational leadership on the performance through empowerment, trust, and satisfaction with leaders. Its data were collected through questionnaire with 201 respondents and analyzed by using the path analysis method. Transformational leadership is found to significantly influence empowerment and trust on the leaders as indicated by the significance value of < 0.05. Empowerment significantly influences satisfaction whereas trust on the leaders does not significantly influence satisfaction. The result of this research shows that directly, transformational leadership more effectively gives direct effect on the performance than through empowerment, trust, and satisfaction with the leaders. Empowerment and trust on the leaders, either completely or partially, influence satisfaction significantly. Based on the research result, it is suggested that the company leaders should increase transformational leadership, empowerment, trust on the leaders, performance, and satisfaction with the leaders in the company.
Posttraumatic growth in patients after myocardial infarction: the role of cognitive coping and experience of life threat

background Posttraumatic growth is described as a process of restructuring of experience and positive changes in life attitudes. According to theoretical postulates, posttraumatic growth is a result of adaptive coping strategies that have cognitive character. The aim of the study was to evaluate relationships between posttraumatic growth, cognitive coping strategies and the severity of life threat experience in a group of patients who had experienced myocardial infarction. participants and procedure Fifty-three patients who had experienced their first myocardial infarction (32 men and 21 women) participated in the study and completed questionnaires measuring posttraumatic growth and cognitive coping strategies as well as a rating scale measuring the severity of life threat experience during the infarction. results The results indicate that posttraumatic growth in general and in the aspect of changes in self, relationships or affirmation of life was related to cognitive coping strategies. In the case of spiritual changes, severity of life threat experience was significant while coping was not. Patients’ gender, age or post-myocardial infarction time appeared to be non-significant. conclusions Generally, theories postulating that posttraumatic growth is a result of cognitive coping strategies found some support. Moreover, it may be concluded that posttraumatic growth appears only in some percentage of persons experiencing a specific trauma of myocardial infarction.
Logics, thresholds, strategic power, and the promotion of liberalisation by governments: a case study from British higher education

Liberalisation has become an increasingly important policy trend, both in the private and public sectors of advanced industrial economies. This article eschews deterministic accounts of liberalisation by considering why government attempts to institute competition may be successful in some cases and not others. It considers the relative strength of explanations focusing on the institutional context, and on the volume and power of sectoral actors supporting liberalisation. These approaches are applied to two attempts to liberalise, one successful and one unsuccessful, within one sector in one nation – higher education in Britain. Each explanation is seen to have some explanatory power, but none is sufficient to explain why competition was generalised in the one case and not the other. The article counsels the need for scholars of liberalisation to be open to multiple explanations which may require the marshalling of multiple sources and types of evidence.
Seroprevalence of Rubella Specific IgG Antibody among Pregnant Women Attending Ante-Natal Clinics in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

: Rubella infection is generally mild in children. However, infection during pregnancy can leads to fetal death or congenital defects known as Congenital Rubella Syndrome. The seroprevalence of IgG to rubella virus was determined using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay among 400 pregnant women between the ages of 15-45 years attending ante-natal clinics in Kaduna metropolis. Of the 400 samples tested, consisting 20 in their first trimester, 260 in second and 120 in third trimester, 386 (96.5%) were IgG seropositive. Seroprevalence of 95.2% -100% was obtained across the age groups. In relation to stages of pregnancy 19 (95.0%), 251 (96.5%) and 116 (96.7%) were seropositive in 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd trimesters respectively. The seroprevalence obtained in this study indicates that majority of the pregnant women had protective antibody due to previous exposure to the virus. However, 3.5% of the pregnant women were susceptible. Therefore, there is a need for government to incorporate rubella vaccine to be part of national immunization programme and screening of women of childbearing age so as to reduce subsequent burden of congenital rubella.
Intuition and wisdom in decision making

Paper aims: This article discusses the importance of intuition and wisdom for timely andsuccessful decision making and highlights the features of intuitive leaders. Originality: As engineers reach higher hierarchical levels, technical knowledge must be balanced with intuition, a matter that is not addressed in their education. Research method: It is a theoretical essay illustrated by an example. Main findings: Information is always incomplete and imperfect, and thus intuition plays a key role on effective decision making Implications for theory and practice: It sheds light on the importance of intuition in decision making, which is not discussed in Engineering courses curricula. It also presents the example of Lynaldo Cavalcanti de Albuquerque, former President of the Federal University of Paraiba (UFPb) and the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), who can be a role model of a effective decision maker, and a visionary and intuitive leader.
CHARACTERISTICS AND MECHANISM OF DEBRIS-FLOW SURGES AT JIANGJIA RAVINE

Debris Flows in nature, for example at Jiangjia Ravine, were often observed moving in the form of in- termittent surges which is considered as a kind of wave that is termed as roll wave in this paper. Spatial and temporal characteristics of the roll waves at Jiangjia, as well as their separation and superposition were de- scribed in details. First-arrived waves were observed to smooth rough bed at the gentle middle reach and produce a residual layer on which a sequent wave can move with steady profile and high velocity. The data measured by the Dongchuan Debris Flow Observation and Research Station shows the waves are not periodic and a kind of supercritical flow which only propagates downstream. Furthermore, it is observed that there are two kinds of wave profile, linear and non-linear, for the same debris-flow surge in Lagrange and Euler refer - ence frames. A power relationship between the depth- averaged velocity and flow-depth of the surges is in - ferred from the different profile functions in the two frames. Finally, it was proposed that mass exchange between the residual layer and moving wave reduces frictional resistance and keeps the wave high-speed.
Agency Problems at Dual-Class Companies

Using a sample of U.S. dual-class companies, we examine how divergence between insider voting and cash flow rights affects managerial extraction of private benefits of control. We find that as this divergence widens, corporate cash holdings are worth less to outside shareholders, CEOs receive higher compensation, managers make shareholder value-destroying acquisitions more often, and capital expenditures contribute less to shareholder value. These findings support the agency hypothesis that managers with greater excess control rights over cash flow rights are more prone to pursue private benefits at shareholders' expense, and help explain why firm value is decreasing in insider excess control rights. Copyright (c) 2009 the American Finance Association.
SPIDER DIVERSITY IN COFFEE PLANTATIONS WITH DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT IN SOUTHEAST MEXICO

Abstract We tested the hypothesis that coffee systems with organic management have higher spider diversity by comparing a control (rainforest area) and two coffee systems, one with organic and the other with conventional management. Spiders were sampled every two weeks over three months during the dry season and three months during the rainy season in 2000. Spider alpha diversity was analyzed using Shannon and Simpson indices. We also used the Cody index for beta diversity and cluster analysis for analyzing changes in species abundance hierarchies. 2261 individuals were collected (including juveniles and adults) representing 20 families, 56 genera and 97 species. In most cases the alpha diversity indices showed no relation between management gradient and spider diversity. When compared across seasons, spider diversity differed significantly only in organic management. Species turnover among the three sites (Cody index) was highest between the two coffee farms but not so clearly in the dry vs. rainy season; the conventional management shared the fewest species with the forest. Cluster analysis showed changes in abundance hierarchy related to management type. Our results did not support the proposed hypothesis of a direct positive correlation between management gradient and alpha spider diversity. In contrast, beta diversity showed that management and seasons influenced species composition.
Inhibidores de bomba de protones y clopidogrel: Evidencia de interacción farmacológica de gran impacto clínico

Clopidogrel, a thienopyridine, is an antiplatelet drug which currently represents the cornerstone for the treatment of acute coronary events. It is a pro-drug that must be converted at hepatic level into its active form by the CYP2C19 isoenzyme. Recently the interaction between proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel has been widely brought to attention. The competitive inhibition that these generate on the hepatic enzymatic system probably activates clopidogrel, thus causing a decrease in its effectiveness as an antithrombotic. Nevertheless, evidence is contradictory, and until now no clinical trials have been performed to clear up doubts. If a PPI is to be used on patients who take clopidogrel, the use of Pantoprazole or Esomeprazole is recommended because they exert minimal inhibition on CYP2C19.
Elderly substance abuse: an integrative review

This paper is an integrative literature review that analyzes the scientific production of psychoactive substances use, as well as the demographic and clinical characteristics of elderly that use psychoactive substances. The systematic research was performed in Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Academic Search Premier, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. Considering the criteria for inclusion and exclusion, 13 studies were selected without restriction to a period The elderly are mainly characterized for being men with low levels of education and income, unemployed, single and living alone. The elderly present organic and psychological comorbidities. Alcohol is the most common drug used by people this age, followed by the abuse of medication, however, the use of illicit substances is increasing. Although evidence is limited, studies indicate lower rates of high-risk behaviors to elderly’s health. Literature is consensual about the need for more studies in order to fill the knowledge gaps and to facilitate the identification of these users. Keywords: elderly; drug users; substance-related disorders; prescription drug misuse; evidence-based practice.
Acta Sci. Pol., Agricultura 13(1) 2014, 5-20 QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE PROCESS OF BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN REDUCTION BY YELLOW

This study aimed at estimating the amount of nitrogen derived by yellow lupine from the atmosphere, mineral fertilizer and soil at different nitrogen fertilization rates and developmental phases of this test plant. Yellow lupine was cultivated in three fertilization variants: without nitrogen fertilization and after application of 30 and 150 kg N·ha. Harvest was performed in flowering and full maturity. In the study N nitrogen isotope was introduced into soil in the form of ammonium sulfate, and the method of isotopic dilution was used. The biomass yield of yellow lupine and the nitrogen content in its individual parts were not significantly dependent on the nitrogen rate. The amount of yellow lupine biomass harvested in full maturity was more than two times larger than in flowering. Nitrogen content in lupine harvested in flowering was higher than in full maturity. Differentiated fertilization with nitrogen, irrespective of the harvest time of lupine, did not have a significant effect on the total amount of taken up nitrogen, which was about two times higher in full maturity than in flowering. The amount of nitrogen derived from biological reduction in the biomass of yellow lupine harvested in flowering was smaller after application of the higher rate of this element, whereas in full maturity this relationship was opposite. The amount of nitrogen derived from the fertilizer increased along with increasing rate. Percentage of nitrogen derived from biological reduction in the biomass of yellow lupine was similar in flowering (53.4 %) and full maturity (51.6 %). Proportion of nitrogen derived from the fertilizer was larger in the 1st time of lupine harvest than in the 2nd time, whereas in the case of nitrogen derived from soil this relationship was opposite. Differentiated fertilization with nitrogen did not significantly affect the percentage of nitrogen derived from biological reduction in yellow lupine. Yellow lupine fertilized with the higher rate of nitrogen contained a higher percentage of this element derived from the fertilizer and lower from soil reserves than after application of the lower rate.
Regulation of the fitness of altantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) by intra-specific competition amongst the juveniles

Wild Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) have declined considerably throughout their range, principally through loss and degradation of their freshwater habitat, with concomitant overfishing of the remaining stocks (Netboy 1968, 1980; Watt 1989). Marine survival varies, and is hypothesised to depend on greater mortality and reduced growth of smolts at low temperatures in some years (Sigholt & Finstad 1990; Usher et al. 1991), changes in predators, food and ocean currents (Holtby et al. 1990; Reddin & Friedland 1993), size and timing of emigrating smolts (Chadwick 1987), or depensatory survival, with relatively greater mortality occurring in smaller schools of emigrating smolts than in larger ones (Hvidsten & Johnsen 1993). Nevertheless, viability of the species, especially to conserve the present diversity of genetic stocks, and to support commercial and sport fisheries, depends on sustainability of the freshwater ecosystems in which Atlantic salmon spawn and are reared. Young Atlantic salmon (henceforth referred to simply as "salmon") spend from one to eight years in fresh water before migrating to sea, depending on climate, photoperiod, and relative productivity of the system (Power 1969; Metcalfe & Thorpe 1990). Spawning is in late autumn, depending on water temperatures (ca. 2 to 6°C), when the adult female fish digs a redd in the coarse substratum of shallow riffle areas, in which are laid several pockets of eggs. Survival to the fry stage depends on water percolation through the substratum, and its temperature, and the duration of incubation also depends on water temperatures (Crisp 1993). Emergence of the fry is in early summer. In warmer European streams, where growth is faster than in boreal systems, juvenile salmon may be called "parr" after leaving the redd site, but in Canadian rivers they are usually called "fry" or "underyearlings" for the first year, after which they
A SERVPERF Model of the Vietnamese Banking Industry

Customer loyalty is an important factor which has a significant effect on the profitability of the firm. The cost of keeping an existing customer to stay with the firm is much lower than the cost of acquiring a new customer. The purpose of this research is to build and test a model of factors effecting customer loyalty in Vietnamese banking industry. The data was obtained by distributing questionnaire to 400 bank customers in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam and analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicated that customer loyalty is positively and significantly influenced by perceived service quality (SERVPERF), corporate image, customer satisfaction, and switching costs. Additionally, the results revealed that perceived service quality has a significant effect on both corporate image and customer satisfaction.