Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial and Phylodynamic Survey on Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Strains in Northeast of Iran

Background: Crimean-Congohemorrhagicfever(CCHF)isasymptomaticininfectedanimals,yetthevirusposesaseriousthreatto humanscausingasymptomatic, hemorrhagicdiseasewithahighcase-fatalityrate. Numerousgeneraof ticksserveasbothvectors and reservoirs of the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). Objectives: The aim of the present study is to determine the CCHFV prevalence in ticks from northeast Iran to establish a phylogenetic relationship of the tick-derived CCHFV strains circulating in Iran. Methods: During April to June 2013, a total of 93 hard ticks were collected from diﬀerent animals in the Damghan district. The S-segmentof positivesampleswasfullysequencedusingtheSangertechnique. Atotalof 142CCHFVsequencescomprisedfull-length of CCHFV sequences obtained in this study were aligned using the MAFFT algorithm, then phylogenetic tree was constructed using Geneious v 7.1. 8. Results: Theidentiﬁedtickspeciesincluded Hyalommamarginatum (6.5%), Hy. dromedarii (21.5%), Hy. anatolicum (15.1%), Hy. asiaticum (3.2%)and Hy. schulzei (2.2%),aswellas Rhipicephalussanguineus (47.3%). TheCCHFVRNAwasdetectedin4samplesof 93ticksamples (4.3%) by RT-PCR. A total of 4 CCHFV sequences were obtained in this study clustered within clade IV (Asia-1 and Asia-2). Conclusions: Wedemonstratedthat4speciesof hardtickscouldbeavectorforCCHFVinIran. Inaddition,ourﬁndingsindicatethe circulation of CCHFV clade IV strain in the northeast of Iran and provide a solid base for more targeted surveillance and prevention programs in Iran.
Stylized Quotations as Parodic Practice in Teenage Dating Blogs: Stylizing Patterns, Quotative Marking and Language-Ideological Meanings

The linguistic practices in young people’s computer-mediated communication (CMC) have attracted great interest both in linguistic scholarship and in public discourse, and are expected to exert the richest influences on language in the new millennium. Nevertheless, youth’s own perspectives on language and technology are rarely explored in their own right, beyond sensationalist popular descriptions of a “whatever generation” (Baron 2002) oblivious to the rules of language when communicating online. The present paper draws attention to this gap, by focusing on one specific phenomenon – the parodic stylization of teenagers’ language online by teenagers themselves, found to be a common practice in personal blogs written by American youth. The first part of the paper focuses on the pragmatic features of stylizations and their quotative marking, extending insights into quotation marking as one major ongoing change in all varieties of English (Tagliamonte 2016); the second part presents a discursive analysis of the stances and social ideologies indexed by the teenagers’ stylizations. Overall, the findings highlight great metalinguistic awareness in an online context where it was little expected, and strongly challenge the view of youth CMC as linguistically “whateverist”.
LEECH�S POLITENESS PRINCIPLE IN LENONG BETAWI HUMOROUS DIALOGUE ENTITLED �ANAK DURHAKA�

Lenong Betawi is one of community theatrical performance that still exists. It has a significant role in criticizing current social life. This paper aims to find Leech�s politeness principle in the Lenong Betawi humorous dialogue entitled �Anak Durhaka. � A story staged by Sanggar Surya Kencana group and held by Betawi Culture Institute. The method used was a content analysis by using politeness principle of Leech. The percentage results of fulfillment politeness maxims obtained 12.28% for agreement maxim, 10.52% for tact maxim, 8.11% for sympathy maxim, 2.41% for generosity maxim, 1.97% for approbation maxim, and 0.87% for modesty maxim. It means that agreement maxim as the highest and modesty maxim as the lowest fulfillment politeness maxims in Lenong Betawi humorous dialogue. Meanwhile, the percentage results of violation politeness maxims obtained 9.21% for agreement maxim, 2.63% for tact maxim, 13.81% for sympathy maxim, 4.16% for generosity maxim, 20.83% for approbation maxim, and 13.15% for modesty maxim. It means approbation maxim as the highest and tact maxim as the lowest violation politeness maxims in Lenong Betawi humorous dialogue. Finally, it can be concluded that the violation politeness maxims is more found than fulfillment politeness maxims in Lenong Betawi humorous dialogue entitled �Anak Durhaka. �
Improving the Diagnostic Pathway of Pulmonary Hypertension using Cardio-Pulmonary Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Whilst pulmonary hypertension is a relatively uncommon condition, it is associated with a poor quality of life and poor survival. It is therefore important that we correctly identify patients who suffer from pulmonary hypertension, assess the underlying cause (an essential step for treatment) and seek those who are at risk of death. Current guidelines centre on right heart catheterisation as the recommended tool to answer these important clinical questions. Since it was first described in the mid-1950s, there have been significant improvements in the survival of patients with pulmonary hypertension, mainly due to the introduction of vasodilator therapies and surgical procedures. There have been parallel improvements in imaging technologies, the most tangible of which is cardiac MRI, allowing time resolved assessment of cardiac structure and function. Despite these improvements in non-invasive methodologies, there remains heavy reliance upon invasively measured pressures and flow for the diagnosis, phenotyping and assessment of risk in patients with pulmonary hypertension. The aim of this PhD thesis is to evaluate, and hopefully increase, the role of cardio pulmonary vascular MRI in the non-invasive assessment of pulmonary hypertension. I show that cardiac MRI metrics, particularly when combined in a regression model, are able to predict mean pulmonary arterial pressure. Such models are able to identify with reasonable accuracy the presence of pulmonary hypertension in patients referred to a tertiary referral centre. The role of cardio-pulmonary MRI in the assessment of the underlying group of pulmonary hypertension, such as chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension and PH-left heart disease, is then explored as identification of patients who may respond to PH specific therapy is an important step. Finally, the role of MRI in the assessment of prognosis, concentrating specifically on patients with PH left heart disease and PH in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is assessed.
Values, virtues and catholic identity

'Catholic identity' is a phrase with which we have become quite familiar in the last few years, not least with the development of the Enhancing Catholic School Identity (ECSI) collaborative research project between the Catholic Education Commission of Victoria Ltd (CECV) and the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. Several tertiary institutions including Australian Catholic University and the University of Divinity offer a range of units and seminars that focus on enhancing Catholic institutional identity.
Disciplinary writing: A case study of Hong Kong undergraduates undertaking their writing tasks

In Hong Kong, where English is used as the main medium of instruction in universities, the majority of undergraduates studying in various disciplines are local students whose first language is Chinese. Although there were many studies of second language (L2) writing in English, many of them were oriented towards product or process and were conducted in artificial settings. There have been relatively few situated studies of English L2 writing in higher education in the social contexts in which students undertake their writing tasks. This study seeks to address this primary question: How do nonnativeEnglish-speaking (NNES) business undergraduates in Hong Kong undertake the assessed writing tasks of their disciplinary courses? Case study was used to examine two NNES undergraduate students undertaking their assessed writing tasks in a Hong Kong university. Data were collected over a period of two years and from multiple sources: text-based interviews, participant diaries, and documents (texts produced by the participants, course documents and source materials). Inductive analysis was employed to make sense of the data. Specifically, data were organised, coded, categorised and integrated. The results revealed that the processes through which the participants accomplished their disciplinary writing tasks were complex and influenced in various ways by the contexts in which the writing took place. Task specifications for the assigned tasks, mostly done in groups, were often not clearly stated. This gave rise to the employment of different strategies by students to represent the tasks, guess readers‘ expectations and interact with group mates to achieve their purposes. They also relied heavily on the Web as information sources to complete their tasks, which gave rise to problems such as textual borrowing. The thesis closes by exploring the pedagogical implications, which include the idea that English for Academic Purposes courses should move towards more discipline-specific to better help students cope with their disciplinary writing demands.
Online Dialog: A Tool to Support Preservice Teacher Candidates' Understanding of Literacy Teaching and Practice.

One of the challenges of teacher education is to train preservice teachers to deliver a wide range of literacy skills to a diverse population. This article describes a mixed methods research study into preservice undergraduate literacy methods courses. This research examined how online, asynchronously conducted discussions influenced and impacted preservice teachers’ literacy understanding. Providing many opportunities for supportive and interactive online dialog enabled the preservice teachers to develop a richer base of literacy learning knowledge. Specifically, the study demonstrated how asynchronously conducted discussions supported preservice teachers in acquiring and refining the content and pedagogical knowledge needed to teach literacy.
The partitur format at BAS

Most spoken language resources are produced and disseminated together with symbolic information relating to the speech signal. These are for instance orthographic transcripts, labeling and segmentation on the phonologic, phonetic, prosodic, phrasal level. Most of the known formats for these symbolic data are defined in a closed form that is not flexible enough to allow simple and platform-independent processing and easy extensions. At the Bavarian Archive for Speech Signals (BAS) a new format has been developed and used over the last few years that shows some significant advantages over other existing formats. This paper describes the basic principles behind this format, discusses briefly the advantages and gives detailed definitions of the description levels used so far
Oxford Handbook of Medical Statistics

A good understanding of medical statistics is essential to evaluate medical research and to choose appropriate ways of implementing findings in clinical practice. The Oxford Handbook of Medical Statistics, second edition, has been written to provide doctors and medical students with a comprehensive yet concise account of this often difficult subject. Described by readers as a ‘statistical Bible’, this new edition maintains the accessibility and thoroughness of the original, and includes comprehensive updates including new sections on transitional medicine, cluster designs, and modern statistical packages. The handbook promotes understanding and interpretation of statistical methods across a wide range of topics, from study design and sample size considerations, through t and chi-squared tests, to complex multifactorial analyses, all using examples from published research. References and further reading are included, to allow deeper understanding on specific topics. Featuring a new chapter on how to use this book in different medical contexts, the Oxford Handbook of Medical Statistics helps readers to conduct their own research and critically appraise others' work.
Would you purchase milk from a milk ATM? Consumers’ attitude as a key determinant of preference and purchase intention in uganda

ABSTRACT Though consumer studies have received significant attention in the field of marketing management, research on consumer attitude towards food supply technologies is needed. This paper investigates the relationship between consumer attitude and preference towards the usage of a ‘milk ATM’ as the point of sale. Based on data obtained from 296 consumers (convenient sampling), PLS-SEM was used to analyse the proposed conceptual framework. Furthermore, multiple group analysis was conducted to test for group differences between male and female consumers. The findings reveal that whereas the consumer utilitarian and hedonic values are significantly related to preference towards milk ATM purchase intentions, the former are more strongly related to preference than hedonic values. Moreover, there are significant differences between male and female consumers regarding the effect of utilitarian consumer attitude on preference. As a response to consumption goals of trading pasteurised milk, the findings demonstrate that milk ATM consumers are motivated by numerous value dimensions. These dimensions additively contribute to preference and intentions to purchase milk from milk ATMs. This research informs the policy makers and practitioners about the potential of milk ATMs as a point of sale for milk. However, to realise this potential, it is necessary for investors to further examine the core values sought by the consumers and improve in that core value delivery.
When and why people think beliefs are “debunked” by scientific explanations of their origins

How do scientific explanations for beliefs affect people's confidence that those beliefs are true? For example, do people think neuroscience-based explanations for belief in God support or challenge God's existence? In five experiments, we find that people tend to think explanations for beliefs corroborate those beliefs if the explanations invoke normally-functioning mechanisms, but not if they invoke abnormal functioning (where “ normality ” is a matter of proper functioning). This emerges across a variety of kinds of scientific explanations and beliefs (religious, moral, and scientific). We also find evidence that these effects can interact with people's prior beliefs to produce motivated judgments
Causes of visual handicap amongst patients attending outpatient department of a medical college for visual handicap certification in central India

Aim: To analyze various ocular diseases leading to permanent visual handicap in a district situated in central India based on visual handicap certification issued by the district ophthalmic surgeon after verification of the domicile of the person. Materials and Methods: Records of patients obtaining visual handicap certificate for complete blindness (visual acuity < 3/60 or central visual field less than 10 degree in the better eye) during 1 st January 2008 to 31 st December 2008 were identified. Information was retrieved and analyzed. Result: Two hundred and seventy nine people were blind (visual acuity <3/60 in the better eye) out of two thousand one hundred and ninety patients came for visual handicap certification. The causes of blindness were avoidable in 49.5% (diabetic retinopathy 12.9%, glaucoma 12.6%, corneal scar 14.0%, Steven Johnson syndrome 9.0%, retinopathy of prematurity 1.1%) and not preventable in 50.5% (retinitis pigmentosa 15.1%, congenital ocular malformations 13.6%, optic atrophy 12.5%, hereditary diseases 8.3%, and age-related macular degeneration 1.1%) patients. Conclusion: High prevalence of retinitis pigmentosa in the population warrants genetic counseling to be taken urgently. Early diagnosis and management is required to prevent blindness arising out of diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. Newer challenges like congenital ocular malformations and retinopathy of pre-maturity were also seen. Screening for the retinopathy of prematurity should be made mandatory, as it is an increasing problem in countries with improving neonatal care services. Presence of bilateral corneal scar and Steven Johnson syndrome can be avoided by proper health education and inadvertent use of systemic medications.
Efficient simulation of direct-sequence spread-spectrum multiple-access communications systems

We consider the problem of computing the bit error rate (BER) of direct-sequence spread-spectrum multiple-access communications systems. In particular, we illustrate the use of a modified Monte Carlo technique, known as importance sampling, for the efficient and accurate simulation of asynchronous direct-sequence based code division multiple access (CDMA) systems employing maximum length signature sequences and Gold codes for a variety of system parameters. <<ETX>>
The Influence of Profitability, Liquidity, and Investment Opportunitiy to Dividend Policy on Companies Listed in the LQ-45 Index

The purpose of this research is to know the impact of profitability, liquidity, and investment opportunity to dividend policy. In this research, proxy of profitability is ROE, liquidity is CR, and investment opportunity is Market to Book Asset Ratio. Sampling method which is used is purposive sampling from companies listed in the LQ45 index during 2009 -2013. Panel data regressions used as data analysis method. The results of the research show negative effects of profitability which is significantly to dividend policy, while liquidity has positive effects which isn’t significantly to dividend policy, and investment opportunity has negative effects which isn’t significantly to dividend policy. Keywords—profitability; liquidity; investment opportunity; dividend policy
Hybrid Forecasting with Estimated Temporally Aggregated Linear Processes

We introduce a new strategy for the prediction of linear temporal aggregates, we call it "hybrid", and study its performance using asymptotic theory. This scheme consists of carrying out model parameter estimation with data sampled at the highest available frequency and the subsequent prediction with data and models aggregated according to the forecasting horizon of interest. We develop explicit expressions that approximately quantify the mean square forecasting errors associated to the different prediction schemes and that take into account the estimation error component. These approximate estimates indicate that the hybrid forecasting scheme tends to outperform the so called "all-aggregated" approach and, in some instances, the "all-disaggregated'' strategy that is known to be optimal when model selection and estimation errors are neglected. Unlike other related approximate formulas existing in the literature, the ones proposed in this paper are totally explicit and require neither assumptions on the second order stationarity of the sample nor Monte Carlo simulations for their evaluation.
THE DYNAMIC CORRELATION BETWEEN FISCAL SPENDING ON EDUCATION, HEALTH, CONSUMPTION AND STANDARD OF LIVING IN NIGERIA

The fiscal spending of the government have always been a strong instrument towards achieving development and recovering economy from recession. This paper investigates the long run and short run impact of three component of government expenditure (education, health, and consumption expenditure) on standard of living in Nigeria with time series data from 1981 to 2017. The study employs ordinary least square method of estimation on a range of equation models: Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and the Impulse Responses Function Model. The result shows that fiscal spending on education, health, and consumption have a long run relationship with standard of living in Nigeria and the speed of adjustment towards long –run equilibrium is 61.45%, moderately high. The short run coefficient results reveals that education expenditure in both lag 1 &2 have a positive and significant impact on standard of living while health and consumption expenditure have insignificant impact on standard of living in Nigeria. Using Impulse Response Function model, we found that none of our fiscal spending variables (education expenditure, health and consumer spending) were able to emit positive impulses/shocks on the standard of living in Nigeria. The study recommends that government should ensure that fiscal spending on education, health, and consumption should be well managed, accounted for and the method should be transparent to the populace.
Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a cross-sectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.
Engineering applications of a dynamical state feedback chaotification method

This paper presents two engineering applications of a chaotification method which can be applied to any inputstate linearizable (nonlinear) system including linear controllable ones as special cases. In the used chaotification method, a reference chaotic and linear system can be combined into a special form by a dynamical state feedback increasing the order of the open loop system to have the same chaotic dynamics with the reference chaotic system. Promising dc motor applications of the method are implemented by the proposed dynamical state feedback which is based on matching the closed loop dynamics to the well known Chua and also Lorenz chaotic systems. The first application, which is the chaotified dc motor used for mixing a corn syrup added acid-base mixture, is implemented via a personal computer and a microcontroller based circuit. As a second application, a chaotified dc motor with a taco-generator used in the feedback is realized by using fully analog circuit elements.