Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Barriers to meeting the mental health needs of the Chinese community.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify the barriers encountered by Chinese people with mental health needs in England which hindered their obtaining appropriate help from the National Health Service (NHS). METHODS Attenders at Chinese community centres in health authority districts with resident Chinese population in excess of 2000 were invited to fill in a 12-item Chinese Health Questionnaire (12-CHQ). Individuals who scored two or above, indicating a high probability of a mental health problem, were invited to undertake a semi-structured interview. RESULTS A total of 401 completed the 12-CHQ. Eighty-six (21.4 per cent) screened positive and 71 (82.6 per cent) agreed to be interviewed. Although 70 (98.6 per cent) were registered with a general practitioner (GP), there were long delays before they made contact with health professionals, and the GP was the first port of call for help in only 27 (38.6 per cent) interviewees. Fifty-two (74.3 per cent) had encountered difficulties when they sought professional help. The main barriers were language, interviewees' perceptions of symptoms as somatic rather than psychiatric in origin, lack of knowledge about statutory services, and lack of access to bilingual health professionals. Doctors, particularly GPs, were pivotal in the management of their conditions. The majority were prescribed psychiatric medication with only a small number in contact with community psychiatric services. Unemployment and social exclusion were common. Stigma associated with mental illness and limited knowledge in the community were identified as the causes for the widespread discrimination experienced by the interviewees. CONCLUSION The mental health needs of these Chinese people were not adequately met by statutory services, nor could they rely on family and friends for care and support. Training for health service staff and access to health advocates are essential to maximize the effectiveness of health professional-patient contacts. The promotion of better understanding of mental illness by the Chinese community is important, and greater flexibility within the NHS is required to ensure those professionals with bilingual skills are used to the best effect.
No evidence of human herpesvirus 8 infection in patients with paraneoplastic pemphigus, pemphigus vulgaris, or pemphigus foliaceus.

Paraneoplastic pemphigus has been associated with both malignancies and multicentric Castleman's disease; the latter is a rare angiolymphoproliferative disorder that has also been linked with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) infection. Other diseases definitively associated with HHV8 include Kaposi's sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma. In a search for additional HHV8-associated diseases, patients with paraneoplastic pemphigus, as well as patients with pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus, were studied. Using an immunofluorescence assay able to specifically detect antibodies directed against lytically induced HHV8 antigens, HHV8 antibodies were not detected in sera from 24 patients with paraneoplastic pemphigus (including 10 with concomitant Castleman's disease) nor from 19 patients with pemphigus vulgaris. Sera from patients with Kaposi's sarcoma and from healthy U.S. blood donors were positive (25 of 26) and negative (none of 20), respectively. In addition, HHV8 DNA was not found in frozen lesional skin of five patients with pemphigus vulgaris and five patients with pemphigus foliaceus by nested polymerase chain reaction (lower limit of detection = 10 copies viral DNA per microg total cellular DNA). Finally, tissue sections of lesional skin from 10 patients with pemphigus vulgaris were negative for HHV8 by in situ hybridization, using probes able to detect both latently and lytically expressed HHV8 genes in Kaposi's sarcoma tissue. In summary, no evidence of HHV8 infection was found in all types of pemphigus using a variety of methods. These findings do not support a general role for HHV8 in skin diseases associated with immunosuppression.
Ergospirometry Findings in Wind Instrument Players and Opera Singers

Correspondence to Helen Ksinopoulou, 32 Stratonikias Street, GR413 36 Larissa, Greece E-mail: lenaxyn@yahoo. gr Received: Dec 10, 2016 Accepted: Dec 20, 2016 Online First: Dec 21, 2016 Cite this article as: Ksinopoulou H, Hatzoglou C, Daniil Z, et al. Ergospirometry findings in wind instrument players and opera singers. Int J Occup Environ Med 2017;8:60-61. doi: 10.15171/ijoem.2017. 969 Ergospirometry Findings in Wind Instrument Players and Opera Singers
HEAD INJURY ADMISSIONS AT A REFERRAL HOSPITAL IN ETHIOPIA

Background: Head Injury is one of the most common reasons for patient admission and death in a trauma setting. Trauma is one of the major burdens on our health system. Although there are some studies done on head injury patterns elsewhere in the country and in the world, there is no study done in Mekele. Anecdotal evidence shows that we are having a significant number of patients with head injury. Characterizing the pattern of head injury will help plan preventive measures. The objective of this study was to assess the burden of head injury admissions and operations in Ayder Referral Hospital. Methods: Record review was conducted on charts of patients admitted to the surgical ward with a diagnosis of head injury. The study was conducted in Ayder Referral Hospital Department of Surgery and included charts of patients who were seen from January, 2011 to December, 2014 using a structured questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: A total of 750 records were analyzed. The gender distribution is 598 males to 152 females, making the male to female ratio 4:1. The most commonly affected age group was from 6-25 years. A total of 422 (56.3 %) of the head injury patients came from the urban area. The causes of the head injury were fall down accident in 41.9%, interpersonal violence in 24.8%, and road traffic accident (RTA) in 24.9 %. Of the 187 RTA cases 102 were pedestrians and 84 were vehicle occupants. Conclusion: Head injury is causing significant morbidity and mortality. The young and male are commonly affected. Interpersonal violence is a neglected cause of head injury that needs to be addressed. Key words: head injury, road traffic accident, violence
A scalable multi-pipeline JPEG encoding architecture

This paper proposes a scalable multi-pipeline JPEG encoding architecture. The encoder described in RTL level can be flexibly customized in performance, occupied resource and power consumption. According to the simulation and FPGA verification, when scaled to 2 pipelines, the encoder is capable of encoding 1920×1080 size RGB image with 47.51 frames per second.
Isolation of Murine and Porcine Fetal Stem Cells from Somatic Tissue1

Abstract Adult stem cells have been previously isolated from a variety of somatic tissues, including bone marrow and the central nervous system; however, contribution of these cells to the germ line has not been shown. Here we demonstrate that fetal somatic explants contain a subpopulation of somatic stem cells (FSSCs), which can be induced to display features of lineage-uncommitted stem cells. After injection into blastocysts, these cells give rise to a variety of cell types in the resultant chimeric fetuses, including those of the mesodermal lineage; they even migrate into the genital ridge. In vitro, FSSCs exhibit characteristics of embryonic stem cells, including extended self-renewal; expression of stem cell marker genes, such as Pou5f1 (Oct4), Stat3, and Akp2 (Tnap) and growth as multicellular aggregates. We report that fetal tissue contains somatic stem cells with greater potency than previously thought, which might form a new source of stem cells useful in somatic nuclear transfer and cell therapy.
Subchronic fluoxetine treatment induces a transient potentiation of amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion: possible pharmacokinetic interaction

The results of the present study show that 5 days of systemic treatment with fluoxetine (5 mg/kg) resulted in an augmented locomotor response to amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg). This augmented response to amphetamine was observed 24 and 48 h, but not 5 days, after the cessation of fluoxetine treatment. Subchronic fluoxetine treatment also produced an increase in the brain concentration of amphetamine when rats were challenged with amphetamine 48 h, but not 5 days, after the cessation of fluoxetine treatment. Thus, the effect of subchronic fluoxetine in augmenting amphetamine-induced hyperactivity was consistent with the effect of subchronic fluoxetine in augmenting the amphetamine concentration in the brain. This pattern of results indicates that subchronic fluoxetine potentiates the response to amphetamine within a limited time-window, and that this potentiating effect is likely to be due to the reduced metabolism of amphetamine via the inhibition of cytochrome P450 by fluoxetine and/or its metabolite norfluoxetine.
Glutamine synthetase of Klebsiella aerogenes: properties of glnD mutants lacking uridylyltransferase

The glnD mutation of Klebsiella aerogenes is cotransducible by phage P1 with pan (requirement for pantothenate) and leads to a loss of uridylytransferase and uridylyl-removing enzyme, components of the glutamine synthetase adenylylation system. This defect results in an inability to deadenylylate glutamine synthetase rapidly and in a requirement for glutamine for normal growth. Suppression of the glnD mutation are located at the glutamine synthetase structural gene glnA.
Simulating Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics with Residue Removal Using the CQESTR Model

Concerns about CO 2 emissions and fossil fuel supplies have enhanced interest in using crop residues for biofuel production; however, maintaining soil organic C (SOC) through residue return is vital for maintaining soil productivity. Our objectives were to simulate long-term SOC dynamics using CQESTR and to examine the effect of residue harvest on SOC stocks under disking (DT) and conservation tillage (CS). A long-term study in the mid-Coastal Plain region of South Carolina was used to simulate four residue harvest rates (0, 50, 66, and 90%) during two harvest periods. The yearly variation of SOC was predicted well (r 2 = 0.84, P < 0.0001). Without residue removal, average increases of 0.10 and 0.39 g SOC kg -1 yr -1 were predicted under DT and CS, respectively, consistent with observed increases of 0.12 and 0.44gSOC kg -1 yr -1 . After 23 yr, simulated SOC stock gain was more than threefold greater under CS than DT (9.0 vs. 2.4 g SOC kg -1 ). The model predicted 1.86 and 4.47 g SOC kg - 1 losses in the top 5 cm of soil under DT and CS, respectively, during 23 yr of 66% residue harvest compared with no residue harvest. The predicted SOC stocks under CS were ∼5 g SOC kg -1 greater than under DT, however, even with 90% residue harvest. The quantities of crop residue that can be sustainably harvested were directly influenced by the initial SOC concentration and tillage practices. While CS can somewhat mitigate the loss of soil C, residue harvest from loamy sand soils may have an adverse impact on SOC stocks.
IA‐2 Autoantibodies Are Predominant in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults Patients from Eastern India

Abstract: Autoimmune diabetes or latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) among the clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients from Cuttack in Eastern India was studied. GAD65 and IA‐2 autoantibodies were measured by radioligand binding assay using recombinant human GAD65 and IA‐2. The frequency of GAD65 was not significantly different between patients and controls. However, IA‐2 antibodies were predominant in LADA patients and there were two distinct peaks, one in the age group of 20 to 30 years and another in the age group of 50 to 60 years. The data suggest that LADA is more frequent in Eastern Indian T2DM patients and the IA‐2 is the predominant autoantibody in this population.
Do Bisexual Girls Report Higher Rates of Substance Use than Heterosexual Girls? A Failure to Replicate with Incarcerated and Detained Youth

Prior research suggests that sexual minority females, particularly bisexuals, report greater rates of substance use than heterosexuals. However, to the authors’ knowledge, no study has compared alcohol/drug use between bisexual and heterosexual incarcerated or detained female youth. This study pools data from three prior treatment studies with incarcerated or detained adolescent girls that self-identify as bisexual or heterosexual (N = 86). Hierarchical regression models were conducted to determine whether 12-month prevalence of alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, or other drug use differed between bisexual and heterosexual participants. In contrast to most prior work, no differences were observed. Findings are considered in light of the recruitment setting, which drew a sample with high levels of substance use prevalence.
Tandem affinity purification revealed the hypusine‐dependent binding of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A to the translating 80S ribosomal complex

Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) is the only protein in nature that contains hypusine, an unusual amino acid formed post‐translationally in two steps by deoxyhypusine synthase and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase. Genes encoding eIF5A or deoxyhypusine synthase are essential for cell survival and proliferation. To determine the physiological function of eIF5A, we have employed the tandem affinity purification (TAP) method and mass spectrometry to search for and identify the potential eIF5A‐interacting proteins. The TAP‐tag was fused in‐frame to chromosomal TIF51A gene and eIF5A‐TAP fusion protein expressed at its natural level was used as the bait to fish out its interacting partners. At salt concentrations of 150 mM, deoxyhypusine synthase was the only protein bound to eIF5A. As salt concentrations were lowered to 125 mM or less, eIF5A interacted with a set of proteins, which were identified as the components of the 80S ribosome complex. The eIF5A–ribosome interaction was sensitive to RNase and EDTA treatments, indicating the requirement of RNA and the joining of 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits for the interaction. Importantly, a single mutation of hypusine to arginine completely abolished the eIF5A–ribosome interaction. Sucrose gradient sedimentation analysis of log versus stationary phase cells and eIF3 mutant strain showed that the endogenous eIF5A co‐sedimented with the actively translating 80S ribosomes and polyribosomes in an RNase‐ and EDTA‐sensitive manner. Our study demonstrates for the first time that eIF5A interacts in a hypusine‐dependent manner with a molecular complex rather than a single protein, suggesting that the essential function of eIF5A is mostly likely mediated through its interaction with the actively translating ribosomes. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extracellular Matrix Metalloprotease Inducer–Expressing Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Promote Fibroblast-Mediated Type I Collagen Degradation In vitro

Until recently, tumor progression has been considered a multistep process defined by tumor cell mutations and the importance of the surrounding stroma poorly understood. It is now recognized that matrix-degrading enzymes that promote tumor cell invasion are elaborated by both tumor cells and fibroblasts in vivo. To determine the relative role of tumor cell–derived proteases compared with fibroblast-derived proteases, coculture experiments were done with each cell type using an in vitro model of type I collagen degradation. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells in coculture with normal dermal fibroblasts showed matrix degradation, but neither cell type alone produced this effect. Manipulating the in vitro coculture environment showed that collagenolysis in this model was a result of fibroblast-derived matrix metalloproteases (MMP). To explore the possible role of extracellular matrix metalloprotease inducer (EMMPRIN) in this interaction, transfection of EMMPRIN into a cell line with low endogenous EMMPRIN expression was done and showed a significant increase in collagenolysis. Inhibition of collagenolysis with a tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease-2 (TIMP-2) and a synthetic furin inhibitor was observed but not with TIMP-1, which suggested a possible role for membrane type-1 MMP. These results suggest that fibroblast-derived MMPs but not those from tumor cells are important for in vitro collagenolysis and that this process is promoted by tumor cell–expressed EMMPRIN.
Information filtering in high velocity text streams using limited memory: an event-driven approach to text stream analysis

This dissertation is concerned with the processing of high velocity text streams using event processing means. It comprises a scientific approach for combining the area of information filtering and event processing. In order to be able to process text streams within event driven means, an event reference model was developed that allows for the conversion of unstructured or semi-structured text streams into discrete event types on which event processing engines can operate. Additionally, a set of essential reference processes in the domain of information filtering and text stream analysis were described using event-driven concepts. In a second step, a reference architecture was designed that described essential architectural components required for the design of information ltering and text stream analysis systems in an event-driven manner. Further to this, a set of architectural patterns for building event driven text analysis systems was derived that support the design and implementation of such systems. Subsequently, a prototype was built using the theoretic foundations. This system was initially used to study the effect of sliding window sizes on the properties of dynamic sub-corpora. It could be shown that small sliding window based corpora are similar to larger sliding windows and thus can be used as a resource-saving alternative. Next, a study of several linguistic aspects of text streams was undertaken that showed that event stream summary statistics can provide interesting insights into the characteristics of high velocity text streams. Finally, four essential information filtering and text stream analysis components were studied, viz. filter policies, term weighting, thresholds and query expansion. These were studied using three temporal search profile types and were evaluated using standard information retrieval performance measures. The goal was to study the efficiency of traditional as well as new algorithms within the given context of high velocity text stream data, in order to provide advise which methods work best. The results of this dissertation are intended to provide software architects and developers with valuable information for the design and implementation of event-driven text stream analysis systems.
Multiple Viral Ligands Naturally Presented by Different Class I Molecules in Transporter Antigen Processing-Deficient Vaccinia Virus-Infected Cells

ABSTRACT The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) delivers the viral proteolytic products generated by the proteasome in the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum lumen that are subsequently recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). However, several viral epitopes have been identified in TAP-deficient models. Using mass spectrometry to analyze complex human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-bound peptide pools isolated from large numbers of TAP-deficient vaccinia virus-infected cells, we identified 11 ligands naturally presented by four different HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C class I molecules. Two of these ligands were presented by two different HLA class I alleles, and, as a result, 13 different HLA-peptide complexes were formed simultaneously in the same vaccinia virus-infected cells. In addition to the high-affinity ligands, one low-affinity peptide restricted by each of the HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C class I molecules was identified. Both high- and low-affinity ligands generated long-term memory CTL responses to vaccinia virus in an HLA-A2-transgenic mouse model. The processing and presentation of two vaccinia virus-encoded HLA-A2-restricted antigens took place via proteasomal and nonproteasomal pathways, which were blocked in infected cells with chemical inhibitors specific for different subsets of metalloproteinases. These data have implications for the study of the effectiveness of early empirical vaccination with cowpox virus against smallpox disease.
Order Book Slope and Price Volatility

This paper investigates the information content of the limit order book on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX). We document a negative relation between future volatility and variations in the liquidity provision in the order book, as captured by the order book slope. We also find the order book slope of the buy side to be more informative than the order book slope of the sell side and institutional investors’ limit orders to be more informative over future permanent component of volatility than individual limit orders. Finally, we document that the removal of broker IDs in the ASX has a significant impact on the predictive power of the limit order book with the limit order book slope becomes more informative after the move to anonymity, especially in large cap stocks. JEL classification: G10, G20, G24
Analysis of the Interaction of Aerosol Transport Layers on Local Air Quality

In this paper, the usefulness of multi-wavelength lidar measurements to study the interaction of aerosols in the PBL with long range advected aerosol plumes is presented. Lidar's measurements are used to determine the plume angstrom exponent, which is used to differentiate smoke events from dust events, as well as partitioning the total aerosol optical depth obtained from a CIMEL sky radiometer between the PBL and the high altitude plumes. Furthermore, the correlation between the lidar derived PBL aerosol optical depth and surface PM2.5 is high, only if the optical depth from the upper level plumes is taken into account. In addition, the dynamic interaction of high altitude plumes interacting with the PBL result a dramatic rise in surface PM10 concentrations without a corresponding dramatic rise in PM2.5 concentrations. These observations strongly suggest the deposition of large particulates into the PBL which is consistent with both lidar angstrom coefficient measurements and back-trajectory analysis.
Changes in corticomotor excitation and inhibition during prolonged submaximal muscle contractions

Changes in motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude, post‐MEP silent period duration, and interpolated twitch torque were measured using transcranial magnetic (TMS) and electrical (TES) stimulation during a 20% maximum voluntary contraction of the elbow flexors sustained to exhaustion. TMS‐ and TES‐induced MEP amplitude increased progressively over the contraction period up until the point of exhaustion. The TMS‐induced silent period was prolonged only during the second half of the contraction period, the time course being different from that of the MEP responses, whereas the TES‐induced silent period did not change. The findings indicate that corticomotor excitability increases during a sustained submaximal voluntary contraction and that, as fatigue develops, there is a progressive buildup of intracortical inhibition. This may represent a mechanism whereby corticomotor output is maintained at an appropriate level to preserve optimal motor unit firing frequencies during a fatiguing contraction. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 20:1158–1166, 1997
Four compartment method: a simplified and cost‐effective method of noncultured epidermal cell suspension for the treatment of vitiligo

Despite continued progress towards an elucidation of pathogenetic pathways in vitiligo, a definitive cure remains elusive. Noncultured epidermal cell suspension (NCECS) is emerging as the treatment of choice for surgical management of both stable and segmental vitiligo. NCECS is very effective in repigmenting stable vitiligo, but the technique requires an expert and the support of a laboratory facility.