Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Cardiovascular Risk Prognostication in Diabetes Mellitus: The Role of Myeloid-related Protein Complex Calprotectin

The low-intense inflammation is discussed as a one of the clue of various faces of pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM) including insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, lipotoxity, oxidation injury that contributed in cardiovascular (CV) disease and clinical outcomes. However, there are a lot of candidates for on early biological marker that could stratify DM patients at CV risk. The myeloid-related protein 8/14 known as calprotectin is a heterodimeric complex of calcium-binding proteins, which is predominantly expressed in activated human neutrophils, monocytes, adipocytes, and innate immunity cells including macrophages, but not in normal tissue macrophages. Calprotectin may activate of Toll-like receptor 4 as innate amplifier of infection, autoimmunity, and cancer that attenuates some extracellular functions, i.e. antimicrobial, cytostatic, and chemotactic activities. Therefore, calprotectin activates of NADPH oxidase, induces apoptotic caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane phosphatidylserine exposure, and increases the activation of nuclear factor-κB by promoting the nuclear translocation of p65 in target cells. Recent clinical studies have shown that calprotectin was found as a marker for activation of granulocytes, mononuclear phagocytes and immune cells that play a pivotal role in tissue damage, it could link important molecular pathological mechanisms of inflammation contributing to endothelial damage. The aim of the review is summarize of knowledge regarding predictive value of calprotectin as surrogate biomarker of CV events in DM patients.
Ca II HK emission in rapidly rotating stars. Evidence for an onset of the solar-type dynamo

We present measurements of chromospheric Ca ii H&K activity for 481 solar-like stars. To determine the activity we used the Mount Wilson method and a newly developed method which allows to also measure Ca ii H&K emission features in very rapidly rotating stars. The new technique determines the activity by comparing the line shapes from known inactive slowly rotating template stars that have been artificially broadened to spectra of rapid rotators. We have analyzed solar-like stars ranging from Teff = 5000 to 7800 K with rotational velocities up to 190 km s −1 in our sample of FOCES and FEROS spectra. The effects of the rotational broadening on the two methods have been quantified. Our method has proven to produce consistent results where S -Index values are available and offers the possibility to measure the chromospheric activity at the onset of the solar-like dynamo.
The Use of Standardized Patients to Minimize Anxiety in Undergraduate Nursing Students in the Clinical Setting

Anxiety in undergraduate nursing students in the clinical setting is caused by many factors, including fear of harming patients, difficulty transitioning, and unsupportive relationships. This has negative effects which include compromised student learning, decreased clinical performance, increased risk for patient harm, and a long term effect of worsening of the nursing shortage. The issue of student anxiety in the clinical setting must be addressed by nurse educators. Implementing the use of standardized patients (SPs) is one strategy that may minimize anxiety while preparing students to enter the clinical setting. Standardized patients are trained to portray an illness or a scenario, while interacting with students to create a realistic, low-risk learning experience. Advantages of SPs for students include the realistic clinical experience in a non-threatening, low-risk environment; the integrative learning experience; the positive, meaningful experience; constructive feedback; and common learning experience for students. Advantages for faculty include control and consistency, versatility and practicality, and the constructive feedback faculty gain. The large expenses and increased faculty workload associated with SPs continue to create barriers for their implementation within nursing education; these barriers are compounded by the lack of evidence supporting the use of SPs to decrease student anxiety. Further research is needed to support the use of SPs as a strategy to decrease undergraduate nursing student anxiety in the clinical setting. Standardized Patients and Student Anxiety 3 Undergraduate nursing students face many challenges as they work through the difficult and often stressful nursing curriculum. The clinical experience is a critical part of this curriculum because it helps students apply their knowledge through actual patient care (Yoo & Yoo, 2003). Unfortunately, the clinical setting is also what students frequently state as a major source of anxiety (Melo, Williams, & Ross, 2010; Penn, 2008; Shaban, Khater, & Akhu-Zaheya, 2012). Although anxiety in the clinical setting is not a new phenomenon in undergraduate nursing, little has been done by nurse educators to address the issue (Moscaritolo, 2009). The need to manage student anxiety in the clinical setting will always exist, but minimizing its negative effects is still a possibility. A potential strategy to minimize the negative effects of anxiety in the clinical setting is through the implementation of standardized patients (SPs). Standardized patients are trained to portray an illness or a scenario, while interacting with students to create a realistic, low-risk learning experience (Becker, Rose, Berg, Park, & Shatzer, 2006). Although new to undergraduate nursing education, SPs are widely accepted in medical schools and nurse practitioner programs and have been used for decades as methods of teaching and evaluation.
Robust optimization of consumption with random endowment

We consider the problem of optimal consumption for an investor who is risk and uncertainty averse. We model these preferences of the investor with the help of a convex risk-measure. Apart from consumption the agent has the possibility to invest initial capital and random endowment in a market where stock-prices are semimartingales. We formulate this as a maximin problem that will be solved by duality methods.
Tourist Traffic In The Aconcagua Massif Area

Abstract The aim of the article is an analysis of tourist traffic in the Aconcagua massif, one of the most popular peaks of the Seven Summits. On the basis of statistical data, the tourist traffic was analysed in a temporal and spatial perspective. The applied data made it possible to capture the dynamics of visits in the period 2000/2001 – 2012/2013 and with a breakdown into months, which helped analyse the tourist traffic in this area. In each of the analysed periods, January dominates. Data concerning the origin of tourists according to countries and continents, their age, gender and type of mountaineering activity were also taken into account. Most tourists came from Argentina, the USA and Germany. These are people of age groups 21–30 (33%) and 31–40 (31%). Men account for over 75% of visitors. The favourite mountaineering activity is climbing (about 60%). Aconcagua has invariably been a very popular peak among tourists and climbers. It is a place for training and acclimatisation for alpinists, participating in Himalayan expeditions and climbers collecting peaks of the Seven Summits.
Helicobacter Pylori Seropositivity in Children with Recurrent Abdominal Pain

Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) is a significant problem in pediatric patients, and there has been much recent interest in the role that Helicobacter pylori (Hp) might play in this disorder. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalance of Hp infection in children with RAP, and to determine whether there was an association between Hp and RAP. The study was conducted on 50 children with RAP and 20 asymptomatic children admitted for inguinal surgery as a control group. Serum samples from the 70 children were tested for anti-Hp Ig G and anti-Hp Ig A by ELISA. Of the 50 children with RAP, 32 were seropositive (64%) for Hp Ig G, and 14 were seropositive (28%) for Hp Ig A. In the control group, a of the 20 children without RAP were seropositive (45%) for Hp Ig G, and 4 were seropositive (20%) for Hp Ig A. The high prevalence of Hp seropositivity (64% by Ig G) in this study was in variance with other reported pediatric data from the developing world. The prevalence of Hp infection in patients with RAP was not significantly different from that in asymptomatic children (p=0.14). Thus, no association between Hp infection and RAP was found.
Generalizability Theory: A Comprehensive Method for Assessing and Improving the Dependability of Marketing Measures

The author proposes that generalizability theory be adopted by marketing researchers as a means of assessing and improving the dependability (reliability) of marketing measures. Concepts and computational procedures are presented and the comprehensiveness and flexibility of generalizability analysis are illustrated. Classical reliability theory is shown to be inappropriate in many measurement situations in marketing.
Active-sterile neutrino oscillations in the early Universe with full collision terms

Sterile neutrinos are thermalised in the early Universe via oscillations with the active neutrinos for certain mixing parameters. The most detailed calculation of this thermalisation process involves the solution of the momentum-dependent quantum kinetic equations, which track the evolution of the neutrino phase space distributions. Until now the collision terms in the quantum kinetic equations have always been approximated using equilibrium distributions, but this approximation has never been checked numerically. In this work we revisit the sterile neutrino thermalisation calculation using the full collision term, and compare the results with various existing approximations in the literature. We find a better agreement than would naively be expected, but also identify some issues with these approximations that have not been appreciated previously. These include an unphysical production of neutrinos via scattering and the importance of redistributing momentum through scattering, as well as details of Pauli blocking. Finally, we devise a new approximation scheme, which improves upon some of the shortcomings of previous schemes.
Quantifying Natural Gas Storage Optionality: A Two-Factor Tree Model

We find evidence of strong mean-reversion in U.S. natural gas prices and proceed to test a valuation model of natural gas storage leases based on mean-reversion’s eects. The model utilizes a two-factor tree in which both factors mean-revert, and the model calibrates to current market conditions, accounts for volume constraints, and can be applied to historical data. In applying the model to data on U.S. natural gas, we find that the model can consistently capture large amounts of optionality based on the premise of strongly mean-reverting prices: On historical price data spanning 1999 to 2006, simulated trading using our model obtained average values (not including the cost of the lease) of $1.244 per million British-thermal-units over intrinsic value for fastcycle storage leases and $0.397 per million British-thermal-units over intrinsic for slow-cycle leases. Results relating stored inventory to storage lease optionality are also shown.
The Extended GMRT Radio Halo Survey II: Further results and analysis of the full sample

The intra-cluster medium contains cosmic rays and magnetic fields that are manifested through the large scale synchrotron sources, termed as radio halos, relics and mini-halos. The Extended Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) Radio Halo Survey (EGRHS) is an extension of the GMRT Radio Halo Survey (GRHS) designed to search for radio halos using GMRT 610/235 MHz observations. The GRHS+EGRHS consists of 64 clusters in the redshift range 0.2 -- 0.4 that have an X-ray luminosity larger than 5x10^44 erg/s in the 0.1 -- 2.4 keV band and with declinations > -31 deg in the REFLEX and eBCS X-ray cluster catalogues. In this second paper in the series, GMRT 610/235 MHz data on the last batch of 11 galaxy clusters and the statistical analysis of the full sample are presented. A new mini-halo in RXJ2129.6+0005 and candidate diffuse sources in Z5247, A2552 and Z1953 are discovered. A unique feature of this survey are the upper limits on the detections of 1 Mpc sized radio halos; 4 new are presented here making a total of 31 in the survey. Of the sample, 58 clusters that have adequately sensitive radio information were used to obtain the most accurate occurrence fractions so far. The occurrence of radio halos in our X-ray selected sample is ~22%, that of mini-halos is 13% and that of relics is ~5%. The radio power - X-ray luminosity diagrams for the radio halos and mini-halos with the detections and upper limits are presented. The morphological estimators namely, centroid shift (w), concentration parameter (c) and power ratios (P_3/P_0) derived from the Chandra X-ray images are used as proxies for the dynamical states of the GRHS+EGRHS clusters. The clusters with radio halos and mini-halos occupy distinct quadrants in the c-w, c-P_3/P_0 and w - P_3/P_0 planes, corresponding to the more and less morphological disturbance, respectively. The non-detections span both the quadrants.
Information Flow Management and the Effectiveness of the Supply Chain of Essential Medicines in the Public Sector . Evidence from Selected Public Hospitals in Uganda : A Downward Perspective

This study assessed the relationship between the Information flow management in the public hospitals and the effectiveness of the downward supply chain of essential medicines in the selected 6 public hospitals in Uganda. A cross sectional descriptive and analytical survey was done with both qualitative and quantitative data collected. Two hospitals were regional referral and the four were general hospitals. The major findings of the study were that; sharing planning information, distribution schedules, knowledge of each other stock levels and new demand were statistically significant in influencing the downward supply chain effectiveness. Improved sharing of information that is accurate, timely and complete, development of computerized medicines management systems in the hospitals, Collaborative procurement planning at all levels, Improvement in records and record keeping and enhancement of online communication between the hospitals and the suppliers was significantly influencing the effectiveness of the supply chain
A Correction for the Thermal Mass–Induced Errors of CTD Tags Mounted on Marine Mammals

The effect of thermal mass on the salinity estimate from conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) tags sensor mounted on marine mammals is documented, and a correction scheme is proposed to mitigate its impact. The algorithm developed here allows for a direct correction of the salinity data, rather than a correction of the sample’s conductivity and temperature. The amplitude of the thermal mass–induced error on salinity and its correction are evaluated via comparison between data from CTD tags and from Sea-Bird Scientific CTD used as a reference. Thermal mass error on salinity appears to be generally O(10−2) g kg−1, it may reach O(10−1) g kg−1, and it tends to increase together with the magnitude of the cumulated temperature gradient (THP) within the water column. The correction we propose yields an error decrease of up to ~60% if correction coefficients specific to a certain tag or environment are calculated, and up to 50% if a default value for the coefficients is provided. The correction with the default coefficients was also evaluated using over 22 000 in situ dive data from five tags deployed in the Southern Ocean and is found to yield significant and systematic improvements on the salinity data, including for profiles whose THP was weak and the error small. The correction proposed here yields substantial improvements in the density estimates, although a thermal mass–induced error in temperature measurements exists for very large THP and has yet to be corrected.
Evidence-based coaching: Flourishing or languishing?

Abstract Coaching and coaching psychology offer a potential platform for an applied positive psychology and for facilitating individual, organisational and social change. Experts from around the world were invited to comment on the emerging discipline of coaching psychology and the commercial coaching industry. Several key themes emerged including the potential of coaching to contribute to health promotion, social change and organisational development. There was unequivocal consensus for the need for an evidence-based approach to coaching. A review of the psychological coaching outcome literature found there have been a total of 69 outcome studies between 1980 and July 2007: 23 case studies, 34 within-subject studies and 12 between-subject studies. Only eight randomised controlled studies have been conducted. This indicates that coaching psychology is still in the early stages of development, and can be understood as an emerging or protoscientific psychological discipline. A languishing – flourishing mode.
Differential uptake of heavy metals by gill, muscles and liver of four selected fish species from red sea.

Concentrations of 10 heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Fe, Mn, Cr, Se, As, and Hg) were determined in different organ tissues of four selected common red sea fish species viz., Lethrinus nebulosus, Cetoscarus pulchellus, Plectorhynchus schotaf and Epinephelus spp. There was a highly significant (P< 0.01) difference among the 4 fish species and between organs for the accumulation of all 10 metals. The concentration of Fe was highest closely followed by Zn, whereas Cd was detected in the lowest concentration. The liver accumulated the highest concentration of metals and muscles had the concentration of all studied metals. It has been observed that Lethrinus nebulosus species accumulated the highest concentration of total analyzed elements in this study, which indicate that this species have more potential to accumulate all of metals in each tissue.
Development of novel approaches towards the study of ribosome bound nascent chain complexes by NMR spectroscopy

Co-translational folding is a fundamental process in biology studied primarily using biochemical and biophysical techniques. The dynamic nascent chain has largely eluded high resolution structural study, although NMR spectroscopy is recently emerging as one of the principal techniques for acquiring a dynamic and structural understanding of the nascent chain due its advantages in investigating dynamic systems. As such, NMR has lead to a rich understanding of ribosome-bound nascent chains (RNCs) in terms of their dynamics and folding on the ribosome. The aim of this project is to explore the NMR observable properties that can be manipulated according to the kind of system one chooses to study. In particular, the exploitation of the fast exchange regime in NMR spectroscopy has not been applied to the study of RNCs. This is despite the potential advantages fast exchange can show over slow exchange for samples of low concentration and stability, which make it potentially very advantageous for the study of RNCs. We briefly describe the previous approaches that have been successful in producing nascent chain samples that can be studied by NMR, namely -synuclein, an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP), that allows for investigations of interactions with the ribosome surface, and domain 5 of the gelation factor of Dictyostelium discoideum, where co-translational folding has been probed by the development of constructs that possess varying degrees of structure whilst attached to the ribosome. Following this, an argument is presented for the advantages in exploiting the fast exchange regime, as the domain 5 system is in slow exchange on the NMR timescale, which leads to certain limitations. This is followed by the design and development of translation stalled nascent chains of fast folding domains. We present NMR characterisation of the folding of two such fast folding proteins, the GA module and the HP36 villin headpiece domain. This is followed by NMR investigations into a translation stalled construct of the GA module, a small albumin binding domain. Further to this, we also investigate the interaction between -synuclein and the ribosome surface by measurement of amide proton relaxation rates of -synuclein over a titration of varying -syn concentrations. Finally, we show the results of attempts to incorporate 3-fluorotyrosine into proteins and RNC samples, and show how this can be used as a unique NMR probe. We show that this approach allows one to acquire NMR spectra of RNCs with no background signal from the ribosome, and that the sensitivity of the fluorine chemical shift to its environment therefore has the potential to uncover rich information about the ribosome surface and the effect it has on interacting species.
Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility in natural olivine single crystals

Mantle flow dynamics can cause preferential alignment of olivine crystals that results in anisotropy of physical properties. To interpret anisotropy in mantle rocks, it is necessary to understand the anisotropy of olivine single crystals. We determined anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) for natural olivine crystals. High‐field AMS allows for the isolation of the anisotropy due to olivine alone. The orientations of the principal susceptibility axes are related to the olivine's crystallographic structure as soon as it contains >3 wt % FeO. The maximum susceptibility is parallel to the c axis both at room temperature (RT) and at 77 K. The orientation of the minimum axis at RT depends on iron content; it is generally parallel to the a axis in crystals with 3–5 wt % FeO, and along b in samples with 6–10 wt % FeO. The AMS ellipsoid is prolate and the standard deviatoric susceptibility, k′, is on the order of 8*10−10 m3/kg for the samples with <1wt % FeO, and ranges from 3.1*10−9 m3/kg to 5.7*10−9 m3/kg for samples with 3–10 wt % FeO. At 77 K, the minimum susceptibility is along b, independent of iron content. The shape of the AMS ellipsoid is prolate for samples with <5 wt % FeO, but can be prolate or oblate for higher iron content. The degree of anisotropy increases at 77 K with p′77 = 7.1 ± 0.5. The results from this study will allow AMS fabrics to be used as a proxy for olivine texture in ultramafic rocks with high olivine content.
Hydrogel-Based Drug Delivery Nanosystems for the Treatment of Brain Tumors

Chemotherapy is commonly associated with limited effectiveness and unwanted side effects in normal cells and tissues, due to the lack of specificity of therapeutic agents to cancer cells when systemically administered. In brain tumors, the existence of both physiological barriers that protect tumor cells and complex resistance mechanisms to anticancer drugs are additional obstacles that hamper a successful course of chemotherapy, thus resulting in high treatment failure rates. Several potential surrogate therapies have been developed so far. In this context, hydrogel-based systems incorporating nanostructured drug delivery systems (DDS) and hydrogel nanoparticles, also denoted nanogels, have arisen as a more effective and safer strategy than conventional chemotherapeutic regimens. The former, as a local delivery approach, have the ability to confine the release of anticancer drugs near tumor cells over a long period of time, without compromising healthy cells and tissues. Yet, the latter may be systemically administered and provide both loading and targeting properties in their own framework, thus identifying and efficiently killing tumor cells. Overall, this review focuses on the application of hydrogel matrices containing nanostructured DDS and hydrogel nanoparticles as potential and promising strategies for the treatment and diagnosis of glioblastoma and other types of brain cancer. Some aspects pertaining to computational studies are finally addressed.