Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross Breeding Effect on the Performance of Indigenous Cattle: Challenges and Opportunities

This cross sectional study was conducted from February 2014 to April 2014. The aim of the study was to evaluate productivity and reproductive performance and identify challenges and opportunities of crossed bred dairy cow in Gondar town, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. A total of 54 small-scale dairy farm owners were randomly selected using semi-structure questionnaire to obtain information on the productive and reproductive performance of cross dairy cows. Mean daily milk yields for the first, second and third stage of lactations were 7.01±2.73, 5.5± 2.83 and 3.50±1.64 liters per cow per day, respectively. The study indicated that milk yield was lower in the third stage of lactation than that of first and second stage of lactation. Data reveled from the interviewed respondents’ stated that mean milk yield per day/cow as well as per lactation /cow was 5.35±1.23 and 2042.11 litres, respectively. The overall average lactation length was about 11.5 months. The mean age at first service and first calving, days open till conception, calving interval and number of services per conception were 24.5 months and, 3 years, 4 month, 21.5 months and 3, respectively. The respondents reported that age at first calving was affected by shortage of feed (37%), feeding and disease (35.2%) and the season (27.2%). The main constraints which were frequently mentioned by the respondents were shortage of feed, (68.5%) and interaction of nutrition, health, housing and management level (31.5) were major problems affecting milk production. The present study showed that productivity and reproductive performance of crossbred cows owned by small-scale dairy producers in Gondar town was low. Thus, there is a need to improve feed supply, health care and services, access to artificial insemination, proper breeding management and supply of improved genotypes in order to improve the performance of dairy cows in the study area.
A Study on Metacognitive Thinking Skills of University Students

The purpose of this study is to investigate the university students’ metacognition thinking skills. The research is a descriptive study in the screening model.The study was carried out with 407 students from the faculties of physical education and sports, education science and letters, business administration, theology, engineering, forestry and agriculture at Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University during the 2016-2017 academic year. They were selected by convenience sampling method. 'Personal Information Form' and ‘Metacognitive Thinking Skills Scale’, used as data collection tools. The research data were analyzed through use of SPSS 15.0. The study has concluded that university students have higher levels of metacognitive thinking ability together with their, 'thinking skill, reflective thinking skill intended for problem solving, decision making skill, alternative evaluation' sub dimensions. There has been an increase in the level of metacognitive thinking skill as well as the increase in the class level. Students studying in the faculty of theology were determined to have the highest level of highest metacognitive thinking skills. This was followed by students studying in education, physical education and sports, science-letters, forestry, agriculture and business administration respectively.
Childhood Trauma: A Preliminary Study from A Trauma Centre In Northwestern, Nigeria

: Background Trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The incidence has been on the increase. There are few paediatric trauma centres in the country. The aim of this study is to present the incidence, presentation, management and outcome of children involved in trauma in our trauma centre. Methods: A prospective study of children managed for trauma in our centre from January 2009 to September 2009. A Proforma was designed to record; demographic data, clinical features, evaluation, treatment and outcome.These information was prospectively extracted from patients` medical records, clinical notes and discharged summaries. These data was collated and analysed using SPSS version 17.0. Results: A total of 2727 patients presented to our trauma centre during the study period. There were 431(15.8%) children, 317 boys and 153 girls. The median age was 7 years (range 1 month to 16 years). The median duration of presentation was 2 hours ( range 30 minutes to 7 days). 100(23.2%) patients presented between 12 am and 7pm while 300(69.6%) patients were seen between 7pm and 12 midnight. At presentation 300(69.6%) patients were in pain, 185(42.9%) bleeding, 151(35.0%) had a swelling of part of the body, 28(6.5%) were unconscious, 13(3.0%) had other symptoms. 210(48.7) patients had tenderness, 136(31.6%) were actively bleeding, 26(6.0%) unconsciousness, 24(5.6%) burns. 280(65.0%) patients were involved in motor vehicle accident, 100(23.2%) motorcycle accident, 20(4.6%), 20(4.6%) fall from height, 24(5.6%) burns, 2(0.5%) gunshot injuries, and 13(3.0%) others. X-rays, ultrasonography, CT-scan, haematological and biochemical parameter were evaluated. The diagnosis at presentation revealed; 108(25.1%) head injury, 183(42.5%) lacerations, 4(0.9%) chest injuries, 5(1.2%) blunt abdominal injuries, 17(3.9%) pelvic injuries, 24(5.6%) burns, 40(9.3%) limb fractures, 12(2.8%) polytraumatized patients and others 57(13.2%). There were 30(7.0%) mortalities. Fifty one (11.8%) had various morbidities. Conclusion: The results show good outcome in children managed for trauma in our centre. There may therefore be the need for the establishment of paediatric trauma centres in the various subregions in the country. This will reduce morbidity and mortality in children due to trauma.
Latent Class Analysis of Peer Conformity

This study used latent class analysis to examine typologies of peer conformity in a community sample of middle school students. Students responded to 31 items assessing diverse facets of conformity dispositions. The most parsimonious model produced three qualitatively distinct classes that differed on the basis of conformity to recreational activities, deviant behaviors, style conformity, and social comparison. Gender comparisons suggested relatively stable class proportions for males and females but also significant parameter differences in tests of measurement invariance for latent class indicators. Multinomial logistic regression models predicting class membership from auxiliary covariates and psychosocial risk indicated that compared to mild conformists deviance conforming youth were more likely to be White, have low self-esteem, refrain from using adaptive coping skills, and be more socially anxious. Socially conforming youth were more likely to be male, White, and have low self-esteem. Findings are discussed with regard to classic definitions of conformity and its role as a developmental phenomenon.
Storm time density enhancements in the middle‐latitude dayside ionosphere

[1] Enhancements of the total electron content (TEC) in the middle-latitude dayside ionosphere have often been observed during geomagnetic storms. The enhancements can be as large as a factor of 2 or more, and many sightings of such structures have occurred over the United States. Here we investigate the effectiveness of an expanded convection electric field as a mechanism for producing such ionospheric enhancements. As a test case, we examine the storm period of 5-7 November 2001, for which observations from the DMSP F 13 are used to drive the Time Dependent Ionospheric Model (TDIM). Our findings indicate that at favorable universal times, the presence of the expanded electric field is sufficient to create dayside TEC enhancements of a factor of 2 or more. The modeled enhancements consist of locally produced plasma; we do not find it necessary to transport high-density plasma northward from low latitudes.
The maximum deviation just-intime scheduling problem

This note revisits the maximum deviation just-in-time (MDJIT) scheduling problem previously investigated by Steiner and Yeomans. Its main result is a set of algebraic necessary and su4cient conditions for the existence of a MDJIT schedule with a given objective function value. These conditions are used to provide a 5ner analysis of the complexity of the MDJIT problem. The note also investigates various special cases of the MDJIT problem and suggests several questions for further investigation. 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Population Genetics of Drosophila ananassae : Variation in the Degree of Genetic Divergence in Populations Transferred to Laboratory Conditions

Forty-five laboratory populations of Drosophila ananassae initiated from females collected from different eco-geographical localities of India were maintained for several generations (a minimum of 10) and analyzed chromosomally to determine the frequencies of 3 cosmopolitan inversions. All laboratory populations under study showed variations with respect to the frequencies of the 3 cosmopolitan inversions, and remained polymorphic even after 10 generations, suggesting that heterotic buffering may be associated with the 3 cosmopolitan inversions in D. ananassae. Comparison of the same data with corresponding natural populations showed considerable changes in the frequencies of inversions and level of inversion heterozygosity between laboratory and natural populations. The degree of genetic divergence between initial and final populations of D. ananassae was quantified by calculating the genetic identity (I) and genetic distance (D) on the basis of differences in chromosome arrangement frequencies. Laboratory populations of D. ananassae showed variations in the degree of genetic divergence when transferred and maintained for several generations under laboratory conditions. Populations coming from similar environmental conditions and showing an initially high degree of genetic similarity had diverged to different degrees. Variations in the degree of genetic differentiation between different natural and laboratory populations are likely due to genetic drift.
Germination and Growth Characteristics of Mungbean Seeds (Vigna radiata L.) affected by Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

The present work is focused on synthesis and characterization of high quality ZnO NPs were synthesized by wet chemical method. The precursors are zinc acetate, sodium hydroxide, methanol. ZnO has been characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA/DTA, UV and TEM etc. From the XRD results the crystalline size is calculated using Scherer equation. ZnO nanoparticles application in different fields like seed germination, sensors, biomedical, semiconductor etc. In present study, the different concentration (0,20,40,60 and 100mg) of ZnO NPs are prepared in distilled water and sonicator for 15 minutes are used for the treatment in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) seeds to study the effect on bioavailability of seed germination and observed early seedling growth and growth characteristics of Mungbean. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions.
Criteria for the use of lipid-lowering drugs for the treatment and control of dyslipidemia as a cardiovascular risk factor ( partial update October 2015 )

Cholesterol control objectives. Criteria for the indication of pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment Cholesterol control objectives. Hygienic-dietary measures. Lipid-lowering drugs in general population. Lipid-lowering drugs in the elderly. Lipid-lowering drugs in women. Lipid-lowering drugs in type 2 diabetes patients Criteria for the indication of pharmacological treatment in patients with associated vascular pathology without previous CV events. Lipid-lowering drugs in patients with intermittent claudication of atherothrombotic origin. Lipid-lowering drugs in patients with heart failure. Lipid-lowering drugs in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Concentrating n-3 fatty acids from crude and refined commercial salmon oil.

Pando M a . E. , Bravo B. , Berrios M. , Galdames A. , Rojas C. , Romero N. , Camilo C. , . Encina C. , Rivera M. , Rodriguez A. , Aubourg S.P. (2014): Concentrating n-3 fatty acids from crude and refined commercial salmon oil. Czech J. Food Sci., 32: 169–176. The urea complexation was used to concentrate n-3 fatty acids (FA) from crude and refined commercial salmon oils. The experimental procedure included salmon oil saponification, free fatty acid (FFA) collection, formation of urea-FFA inclusion complexes, extraction of free n-3 FA and further analysis by gas-liquid chromatography of the corresponding FA methyl esters. Differences between crude and refined salmon oil could be observed. Crude oil provided higher typical odour, viscosity and suspension particle values, whereas crude salmon oil showed higher FFA and impurities content while p -anisidine and iodine values, moisture content and formation of conjugated dienes and trienes did not provide any significant differences between both oils; refined oil showed lower ab* scores when compared to its counterpart crude oil. Related to the n-3 PUFA concentration, a decrease in saturated fatty acids C 14:0, C 16:0, and C 18:0 and monounsaturated fatty acids C 18:1 9c, and C 18:1 11c, as well as a high yield of n-3 PUFA, EPA+DHA and total PUFA recovering could be observed starting from both crude and refined oils, which confirmed salmon oil to be a profitable source of such highly valuable constituents. Factors such as reaction temperature and ureaFFA ratio showed to be markedly significant to achieve higher value concentrations.
Craniofacial bone tissue engineering with biomimetic constructs

The repair of bone defects and nonunions remains a significant clinical problem in orthopedic and maxillofacial reconstructive surgery. Tissue engineering offers a potential approach to overcome existing limitations related to autoand allograft tissues. Novel biomimetic engineering strategies enable us to model the desirable physiological signaling in the bioengineered devices and to study tissue repair and regeneration under conditions resembling the human in vivo context. In the current thesis we aimed to better understand how a biomimetic approach in tissue engineering could be applied towards the repair and regeneration of bone tissue in the craniofacial area. In our first study we designed a biomimetic construct composed of ceramic scaffold modified with in vitro-derived extracellular matrix (HA-ECM), and assessed the osteogenic properties of the generated HA-ECM in vivo. Cell-derived matrix enhanced the osteogenic properties of ceramic scaffold, and the construct modulated the local inflammatory response in a bone repair-favorable way. We then continued to investigate the osteogenic properties of bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC)-loaded constructs and assessed the cellular components of the elicited foreign body reaction following implantation. The implications of BMSCs in the regulation of the foreign body reaction triggered by the tissue-engineered constructs were highlighted, demonstrating higher efficiency for the BMSC combination therapy. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of HA-ECM on the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament progenitor cells (PDLC) and assessed the effect of PDLC-seeded HA-ECM on the bone repair. The HA-ECM enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of PDLC and the treatment with PDLCseeded HA-ECM significantly improved calvarial bone repair. In the final study we have been able to implement a GMP-grade methodology for the biomimetic construct production under complete xeno-free conditions. The resulted tissueengineered construct has promoted osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs in vitro and displayed biological safety and high biocompatibility in vivo. In conclusion, the work presented in this thesis highlights the functional in vitro-generated biomimetic tissue-engineered constructs with enhanced osteogenicity, biocompatibility and suitable handling properties, as a promising tool for craniofacial bone regeneration.
Colloquium: Measuring the neutron star equation of state using x-ray timing

One of the primary science goals of the next generation of hard x-ray timing instruments is to determine the equation of state of matter at supranuclear densities inside neutron stars by measuring the radius of neutron stars with different masses to accuracies of a few percent. Three main techniques can be used to achieve this goal. The first involves waveform modeling. The flux observed from a hotspot on the neutron star surface offset from the rotational pole will be modulated by the star’s rotation, and this periodic modulation at the spin frequency is called a pulsation. As the photons propagate through the curved spacetime of the star, information about mass and radius is encoded into the shape of the waveform (pulse profile) via special and general-relativistic effects. Using pulsations from known sources (which have hotspots that develop either during thermonuclear bursts or due to channeled accretion) it is possible to obtain tight constraints on mass and radius. The second technique involves characterizing the spin distribution of accreting neutron stars. A large collecting area enables highly sensitive searches for weak or intermittent pulsations (which yield spin) from the many accreting neutron stars whose spin rates are not yet known. The most rapidly rotating stars provide a clean constraint, since the limiting spin rate where the equatorial surface velocity is comparable to the local orbital velocity, at which mass shedding occurs, is a function of mass and radius. However, the overall spin distribution also provides a guide to the torque mechanisms in operation and the moment of inertia, both of which can depend sensitively on dense matter physics. The third technique is to search for quasiperiodic oscillations in x-ray flux associated with global seismic vibrations of magnetars (the most highly magnetized neutron stars), triggered by magnetic explosions. The vibrational frequencies depend on stellar parameters including the dense matter equation of state, and large-area x-ray timing instruments would provide much improved detection capability. An illustration is given of how these complementary x-ray timing techniques can be used to constrain the dense matter equation of state and the results that might be expected from a 10 m2 instrument are discussed. Also discussed are how the results from such a facility would compare to other astronomical investigations of neutron star properties.
The Relationship between Teleworking, Employee Loyalty and Organizational Commitment from the Perspective of Medical Experts of Golestan Province

Teleworking is choosing a method for performing a task which allows the employees to perform the whole or a part of their tasks outside the workplace. Considering goals such as increasing efficiency, flexible working, reducing the employees' commuting and avoiding transportation costs and reducing air pollution, teleworking will result in increase of job satisfaction and loyalty and commitment in employees. Increase of employees' self-awareness makes the organizations to seek for different work patterns and create appropriate infrastructures and design a new structure for accomplishing their mission, thus the current research aims to survey the relationship between teleworking, employee loyalty and organizational commitment from the perspective of experts and managers of Golestan University of Medical Sciences. The current research method is descriptive-correlative survey, and the population includes all of the staff and managers of Gorgan Province University of Medical Sciences. The number of staff and managers was 1000 individuals among which 278 individuals were chosen based on the Morgan Table and by the use of stratified random sampling. The 9-item teleworking questionnaire of Soleymanzadeh (2011), 7-item employee loyalty questionnaire of Mostafazadeh (2007) and 24-item organizational commitment of Allen and Meyer (1990) were used for measuring the research hypotheses, and after ensuring about the above mentioned questionnaires' validity and reliability and distributing them among the statistical sample and colleting them, the information were then analyzed. The research hypotheses were tested by the use of statistical techniques and SPSS19 software and Pearson correlation test and Kolmogorov-Smirnoff test. Data analysis results showed that a correlation exists between the teleworking, employee loyalty and organizational commitment, and also a correlation exists between the components of loyalty and organizational commitment with employees' teleworking.
A study on the Risk factors for Gallbladder diseases in El-khoms Teaching Hospital, Libya

Gallbladder disease (GBD) is one of the most common causes of hospital admission in the developed countries, resulting in a substantial cost to health system. The aim of this study is on demographic, characteristic of GBD patients and the associated risk factors. This case-control study includes 200 patients (cases) with GBD, randomly selected from surgery department at el-khoms teaching hospital, Libya from 1 October 2007 to 30 May 2008. In addition,200 subjects matched with age & sex from other inpatients not suffering from GBD were chosen as controls. Ethical considerations were taken. A detailed history, physical examination, biochemical measurements and abdominal sonography were done. A well formed questionnaire for each subject was filled and full investigations were done. Of all studied subjects (400), males were 240 (60%) and females were 160 (40%) with a mean age of 49.1 years (ranging from 18 to 70 yrs). The rate of GBD among inpatient cases during the study period were 26% with more predominance among females (f/m ratio 5.6:1). Risk factors for GBDs were: positive family history (OR= 1.9, P<0.05), multipara (OR=2.9, P<0.05), use of oral contraceptive pills (OR=2.98, P<0.046), hormone therapy (OR=1.3, P<0.01), high BMI (OR=1.3, P<0.05) and hyperlipidemia (OR=6.3, P<0.01). The rate of GBD was high. This was partly explained by unfavorable body mass index, lipid levels, higher prevalence of diabetes, and a more frequent use of oral contraceptives and hormone therapy in subjects.
Alternaria blight: a chronic disease in rapeseed-mustard

Alternaria blight disease caused by Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. has been reported from all the continents of the world affects most cruciferous crops and is one among the important diseases of rapeseedmustard causing severe yield losses with no proven source of transferable resistance in any of the hosts. The pathogen is greatly influenced by weather with the highest disease incidence reported in wet seasons and in areas with relatively high rainfall. A. brassicae can affect host species at all stages of growth, including seed. Symptoms of the disease are characterized by formation of spots on leaves, stem and siliquae. Identification of signal molecules for induced resistance, development of bioformulations and disease forecasting module will enable trigger newer strategies for eco-friendly disease management for providing safer Alternaria blight free production of rapeseed-mustard with improved crop health.