Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A second-order leaky bucket algorithm to guarantee QoS in ATM networks

We propose a second-order leaky bucket algorithm to guarantee the quality of service (QoS) in ATM networks. The second-order leaky bucket, consisting of two leaky buckets, polices the sustainable cell rate (SCR) and burst tolerance (BT) for each variable bit rate (VBR) ATM connection. With this algorithm, ATM cells enter a first leaky bucket. Cells conforming to the first leaky bucket are allowed to enter the ATM network with the cell loss priority (CLP) field of the ATM cell header set to 0. Any cell non-conforming to the first leaky bucket is sent to a second leaky bucket, and is CLP=1 tagged if found to be non-conforming to the second leaky bucket. Cells conforming to the second leaky bucket enter the ATM network with CLP=0. Hence, unlike a traditionally configured "dual" leaky bucket policer, a cell is tagged CLP=1 only if found to be non-conforming by both the first and second leaky buckets. A second-order leaky bucket enables one to monitor whether the change in rate or burst for an ATM connection is due to a statistical variation or due to violation of the traffic contract. We investigate the effectiveness of the second-order leaky bucket in protecting the QoS experienced by connections passing through a common internodal link queue. We show that the algorithm eliminates unacceptable delay and loss at an internodal link queue caused by non-conforming users generating excess traffic. Moreover, the second-order leaky bucket configured with a tag/loss probability of 10/sup -6/ achieves a better delay performance at an internodal link queue than that of a single leaky bucket configured at 10/sup -2/.
The impact of leadership and other factors on successful International Baccalaureate Diploma Programs in the United States

International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma Programs in the United States were quantitatively studied to determine possible sources of their success. Success was measured by each school's IB Diploma pass rate. Variables studied included leadership, organizational, personnel, and school demographics. Seven leadership domains were defined as supporting behaviors, instructional leadership, public relations, shared decision-making, role modeling, cosmopolitan leadership, and IB commitment. IB teachers were surveyed about their IB coordinator and principal using the IB Leadership Survey, and additional data were collected about each school's organization, personnel, and student demographics through public sources. Results revealed a significant correlation between IB pass rate and total school enrollment. Leadership domains of supporting behaviors, public relations, and IB commitment were identified as the most significant to IB school success.
Perbandingan Efektivitas Pemberian Rebusan Jahe Dan Daun Mint Terhadap Mual Muntah Pada Ibu Hamil

This research aims to know the comparative effectiveness of the granting of the decoction of ginger and mint leaves to nausea to vomiting in pregnant women. Methods the study was quasi experimental with pretest-posttest design approach with two eksperiment. This research was conducted in the region work P uskesmas G aruda Soweto against 30 persons 1 trimester of pregnant women with pregnancy primipara, that is 15 expectant mothers group of ginger and 15 others group of mint leaves. Sampling method with a snowball by using the observation sheet gauge. Data analyzed with Mann Withney tests Test results obtained after giving ginger stew p-value (0.001) α (0.05) Thus it can be concluded there is a significant difference after giving ginger stew while the mint leaves obtained p-value (0.028) > α (0.05) so that it can be concluded there is no difference after the granting of the decoction of leaves of mint. The results mean the rank obtained in the Ginger Group of 9,87 and 6,66 group mint leaves, ginger stew is summed up so that it can more effectively than with mint leaves. The results of this research to recommend the granting of boiled ginger and mint leaves to become one of the nursing interventions in addressing nausea vomiting in pregnant women with pregnancy 1st trimester primipara. Keywords : Ginger, Boiled mint leave, Nause and vomiting
Feasibility and efficacy of an extended trial of home-based working memory training for pediatric brain tumor survivors: a pilot study.

Background Impaired working memory appears to play a key role in some of the neurocognitive late effects of pediatric brain tumor treatments, including declines in intellectual and executive functioning. Recent studies of pediatric cancer survivors suggest Cogmed® Working Memory Training is effective at improving working memory, although pediatric brain tumor survivors may demonstrate a less robust response than children with other cancers. The current study sought to determine if an extended course of Cogmed (35 sessions) was both feasible and efficacious for brain tumor survivors and if improvements were observable in near-transfer and far-transfer working memory measures as well as parent rating scores at 6 months post-treatment. Methods Twenty pediatric brain tumor survivors ages 8 to 18 years with working memory deficits completed 35 sessions of Cogmed. Assessments of working memory and academic skills were completed at baseline, completion of training, and 6-month follow-up and parents completed questionnaires at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Results Participants showed significant improvements in working memory at training completion and 6-month follow-up and math achievement at 6-month follow-up. Parents reported executive functioning improvements at follow-up as compared with baseline. Participants' program-based working memory skills did not change significantly between sessions 25 and 35, suggesting that extended training did not provide additional benefit. Conclusions This study replicates and extends previous research by: (1) demonstrating that brain tumor survivors at high risk for neurocognitive late effects can complete and benefit from working memory training, (2) identifying a point of diminished returns on training time investment, and (3) demonstrating benefits 6 months post-intervention.
The Epidemiology of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy in Northern Italy (P1.104)

Objective: Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is defined by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) as a failure of adequate trials of two tolerated, appropriately chosen and used antiepileptic drugs to achieve sustained seizure freedom. Our aim was to calculate: 1. The prevalence of active epilepsy and DRE (ILAE definition) in a well-defined population of Northern Italy; 2. The proportion of incident cases developing DRE. Background: The frequency of DRE, as defined by the ILAE, is unknown in the general population. Methods: The study population (146,506; year 2008) resided in the province of Lecco, Northern Italy. The medical records of 123 general practitioners were reviewed to identify local residents fulfilling the diagnosis of epilepsy, confirmed by a neurologist, during the period 2000-2008. Point prevalence of active epilepsy (at least one unprovoked seizure within the past 5 years and/or on current antiepileptic treatment) and DRE were calculated on December 31 2008. Incident cases with DRE were calculated for the period 2000-2008. Results: 747 prevalent patients with epilepsy, 684 with active epilepsy, and 342 incident cases were identified. The frequency of DRE was 15.6[percnt] (107/684) of all active epilepsies and 10.5[percnt] (36/342) of incident cases. Point prevalence was 0.73 per 1,000. Standardized prevalence of DRE was 0.7 per 1,000 (Italian population) and 0.8 per 1,000 (World population). Conclusions: Our data indicate that, by the ILAE definition, 1/6 patients with active epilepsy in the general population has DRE and 1/10 patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy will develop DRE within nine years from the diagnosis. Disclosure: Dr. Beghi has received personal compensation for activities with UCB-Pharma, Shire as an advisory board member. Dr. Giussani has nothing to disclose. Dr. Canelli has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bianchi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Franchi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nobili has nothing to disclose. Dr. Erba has nothing to disclose.
Time Delay Recurrent Neural Network for Speech Recognition

In Automatic Speech Recognition(ASR), Time Delay Neural Network (TDNN) has been proven to be an efficient network structure for its strong ability in context modeling. In addition, as a feed-forward neural architecture, it is faster to train TDNN, compared with recurrent neural networks such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). However, different from recurrent neural networks, the context in TDNN is carefully designed and is limited. Although stacking Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) together with TDNN in order to extend the context information have been proven to be useful, it is too complex and is hard to train. In this paper, we focus on directly extending the context modeling capability of TDNNs by adding recurrent connections. Several new network architectures were investigated. The results on the Switchboard show that the best model significantly outperforms the base line TDNN system and is comparable with TDNN-LSTM architecture. In addition, the training process is much simpler than that of TDNN-LSTM.
The Syntax–Discourse Interface: Representing and interpreting dependency

This book combines theoretical and experimental aspects of the establishment of dependency. It provides an account of dependency relations by focusing on the representation and interpretation of referentially dependent elements, particularly regular reflexives, logophors, and pronouns. First, the establishment of dependency is discussed within a model of syntax—discourse correspondences that predicts an economy-based dependency hierarchy contingent on the level of representation at which the dependency is formed as well as the internal structure of the dependent element and its antecedent. Secondly, the model’s predictions are substantiated by a series of experimental studies (conducted in English and Dutch) providing evidence from three sources of online sentence comprehension: reaction time studies, Broca’s aphasia patient studies, and event-related brain potential studies. The findings show that dependencies are established at distinct levels of linguistic encoding (i.e. syntax or discourse) determined by the presence or absence of coargumenthood and the representation of the dependency-forming elements.
Admission Decision Factors in an MBA Program: Beyond the Quantitative

Accreditors require that students admitted to a graduate program be likely to succeed. Success is often determined by a review of quantitative measures such as undergraduate grade point average or GMAT scores, or both. This study seeks to find reasons which support the admission of applicants despite a poor undergraduate performance. Older applicants with a record of professional success and a longer time since undergraduate degree conferral were found to be associated with success in the subject sample. This suggests the importance of developing an admissions process which takes into account broader measures of what indicates the likelihood of success.
A comparative study of effect of two different doses of dexmedetomidine for attenuating the haemodynamic response of laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation

Objectives: To compare effectiveness of two different loading doses: 0.6 g/kg versus 1g/kg of Dexmedetomidine for control of hemodynamic changes during endotracheal intubation. Materials and Methods: In this prospective interventional study, 60 patients of ASA-I and ASA-II scheduled for elective surgeries under general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups Group D 0.6 (Inj. Dexmedetomidine dose 0.6? g/kg iv) and Group D 1 (Inj. Dexmedetomidine dose 1? g/kg iv. Pulse, blood pressure, ECG were monitored continuously and recorded before giving the study drug, at 5 and 10 min infusion of the study drug, at induction, at intubation, then at 1,5,10 minutes after intubation. Data were analysed and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: At 5 minutes and 10 minutes of drug infusion, Group D 1 had statistically significant fall in HR as compared to Group D 0.6 (13.5% & 21.2% versus 3.9% & 7.8%) . Maximum fall in mean HR was observed at 10 minutes after intubation in Group D0.6 (25.1%) and at 10 minutes of drug infusion in Group D1(21.23%) At 5 and 10 min of drug infusion, there was fall (23.6%) in SBP from baseline in group D 0.6 , while Group D 1 showed transient rise (5.74%) from baseline in SBP, which was highly significant difference statistically ( p <0.0001) The maximum fall in SBP in both groups was observed at 10 minutes following intubation. Conclusion: dexmedetomidine at 0.6 g/kg loading dose provides significantly better attenuation of haemodynamic responses of laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation unaccompanied by transient hypertension and bradycardia, which is observed at 1 g/kg loading dose.
Enteric Fever Presenting as Acute Pancreatitis

Enteric fever (or typhoid) is a common infectious disease worldwide, especially in developing countries like India. We report a case of a 27 year old patient who presented with fever and abdominal pain and was eventually diagnosed as having enteric fever complicated by acute pancreatitis. Enteric fever presenting as acute pancreatitis is a rare entity and must be considered in endemic areas like India, in patients presenting with fever and concomitant severe abdominal pain as any delay in timely institution of treatment can prove fatal. There are very few case reports in the world which have depicted this unusual association.
A comparative study between trans-rectal ultrasound guided 6-core and 12- core prostate biopsy for detection of prostate cancer

Purpose: This study was perform to assess the comparative accuracy of trans-rectal ultrasound guided 6-core verses 12- core prostate biopsy for detection of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: A prospective comparative study between 6 cores and 12 cores prostate biopsy was done by a prospective comparative study from July 2007 to June 2008 in urology outpatient department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Popular diagnostic Centre, Dhaka and Comfort Nursing Home, Dhaka. Study population included the patients having raised serum PSA or abnormal DRE attending in the above centres. They were divided into two groups. Group A was scheduled for 6 cores biopsy and Group B for 12 cores biopsy. A total 60 patients of PSA >4ng/ml or abnormal DRE or both were selected for prostate biopsy. Results: In this study prostate cancer detection rate in 6 core prostate biopsy (Group-A) was 20% and in 12 core prostate biopsy (Group-B) was 46.67%. This study showed significant difference between the two procedures in respect of cancer detection. The 12 cores TRUS-guided prostate biopsy improved the detection rate of prostate cancer by 26.67% when compared with the traditional 6 cores biopsy technique without increasing in the morbidity. Conclusions: The results of this study shown that the cancer detection rate is higher in transrectal ultrasound guided 12 cores prostate biopsy than transrectal ultrasound guided 6 cores prostate biopsy without increasing the morbidity. BJU 2010; 13(1): 14-20
Sex, Ethnic and Socio-Economic Differences in Children’s Physical Activity

The present study examines the relationship of sex, ethnicity, and socio-economic status to physical activity levels of young people. Participants were 301 males and females (12.9 – 0.81 years). Physical activity was measured using the four by one-day physical activity recall questionnaire. ANOVA revealed that high socio-economic status children reported greater average daily energy expenditure levels than low socio-economic status children (p < .01). The daily energy expenditure of white-Caucasian children was significantly higher than black or Asian children. White boys were significantly more active than white girls, but no such sex differences were observed among black and Asian children. Although activity was always greater at weekends, a decline in activity by school year was observed on Saturdays and Sundays but with no such decline observed on weekdays. The potential benefit of regular physical activity to adults’ health is well
Geriatric Education and Attitudes in Family Medicine Residency

Abstract This study explored residents' attitudes about working with older patients and their views about geriatric training. Using an established geriatrics attitudes scale, associations between attitudes and residents' age, sex, knowledge of aging, and level of training were examined. Residents' attitudes about caring for older patients and views about geriatric experiences were investigated using data from in-depth personal interviews. Attitudinal scores showed significantly more positive than neutral attitudes; scores of faculty physicians were significantly higher than those of residents. In the interviews, residents expressed positive attitudes about caring for older patients. Findings highlighted the need for additional training in identifying elder abuse and strengthening communication skills for end-of-life discussions. Results also indicated residents would benefit from more exposure to older patients, including those in good health and those who are frail.
A comparison between DTMF and ASR IVR services through objective and subjective evaluation

We evaluated some features of current automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology available in the marketplace for computer telephony applications, i.e., speaker independent vocal access through numbers and words, as well as some design techniques such as prompt and recovery. Three different ASR prototypes of the same application have been developed. Furthermore, a DTMF prototype that allows users to enter commands only through the telephone keyboard have been developed, with the purpose of making a comparison between touch tone and speech recognition technologies for telephony services.
FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN TELUKNAGA KABUPATEN TANGERANG

Pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut pada anak yang sangat serius dan yang paling banyak menyebabkan kematian. Pneumonia balita yaitu penyakit yang menyerang jaringan paru, ditandai dengan batuk disertai napas cepat atau sesak napas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor – faktor apa saja yang berhubungan dengan kejadian penyakit pneumonia pada balita di Puskesmas Kecamatan Teluknaga. Menurut data di Puskesmas Teluknaga jumlah pneumonia pada balita Tahun 2013 sebanyak 252 dengan proporsi 2,52%, pada tahun 2015 dari 10.841 populasi terdapat 627 kasus pneumonia dengan proporsi 6,27 %. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskripitf dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 384 responden. Analisis statistik yang dilakukan adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat. Penelitian ini berlangsung mulai bulan April – Mei 2015. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan kejadian pneumonia (19,4%), umur 0–36 bulan (19,6%), jenis kelamin laki – laki (18,1%), status gizi baik (19,1%), status imunisasi tidak lengkap (22,9%). Berdasarkan hasil analisa statistik dari empat variabel yang diteliti terdapat satu variabel yang berhubungan yaitu status imunisasi tidak lengkap (p value 0,034) dengan kejadian penyakit Pneumonia pada balita di Puskesmas Kecamatan Teluknaga Kabupaten Tangerang Tahun 2015. Berdasarkan penelitian semestinya petugas Kesehatan untuk lebih meningkatkan program penyuluhan kesehatan masyarakat khususnya kejadian Penumonia.
Pure water syndrome: Bacteriological quality of Sachet- packed drinking water sold in Nigeria

Water is one of the indispensable resources for the continued existence of all living things including man. Government has failed to adequately provide safe, pipe-borne water for the increasing population in Nigeria and this has encouraged the sale of drinking water by private enterprises that have little knowledge about good manufacturing practices. This study investigated the bacteriological quality of commercial sachet-packed drinking water at point-of-sale in south-western Nigeria with emphasis on pathogenic bacteria in 108 samples tested, in order to evaluate the contribution of this popular product to the increasing incidence of typhoid fever and related illnesses. Ten-fold serial dilution of water samples and the pour plate technique were used to investigate the presence of Salmonella and indicator coliform Escherichia coli in sachet-packed water samples. Aerobic and total coliforms were also enumerated. Characterization of isolates was by in-vitro cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. Results showed that 87% of the sachet-packed water samples examined contained Salmonella and/or Escherichia coli, indicative of fecal contamination and inadequate water treatment or no treatment at all. The study also showed that about 65% of the polythene sachets used was not of food-grade quality and imparted polyester taste in the water samples. High aerobic colony counts in the order of 6.0 log CFU/ml was recorded from 93% of water samples examined. E. coli counts used as indicator of hygiene criteria were present in the range of 98 and 106 cfu/100ml of water sample, while Salmonella counts used as food safety criteria were between 2.12x101 and 2.20x101. These mean values were greater than the international guidelines for drinking water quality. The findings of this study indicate that sachet-packed water samples examined do not meet microbiological standards for drinking water quality. National surveillance agencies need to monitor and enforce compliance with microbiological safety standards of sachet-packed water being sold to the public.
Homocysteine, Ischemic Stroke, and Coronary Heart Disease in Hypertensive Patients

Background and Purpose—Total homocysteine level (tHcy) is a risk factor of ischemic stroke (IS) and coronary heart disease. However, the results are conflicting and mainly focused on healthy individuals in developed countries. Methods—A prospective, population-based cohort study was conducted among 5935 participants from 60 communities in the city of Shenzhen, China. A Cox regression analysis was applied to evaluate the contribution of tHcy to the risk of IS and coronary heart disease. The effect of folic acid supplementation on tHcy levels was also evaluated among 501 patients with essential hypertension, who received an average of 2.5 years of folic acid supplementation. Results—After adjustment for confounding factors, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of IS caused by hyperhomocysteinemia were 2.18 (1.65–2.89), 2.40 (1.56–3.67), and 2.73 (1.83–4.08) in the total, male, and female participants, respectively. Compared with normal levels of tHcy (<15 μmol/L), the hazard ratios (95% confidence i.