Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hyperspectral Image Recovery Using Nonconvex Sparsity and Low-Rank Regularizations

Hyperspectral image (HSI) restoration is an important preprocessing step in HSI data analysis to improve the image quality for subsequent applications of HSI. In this article, we introduce a spatial–spectral patch-based nonconvex sparsity and low-rank regularization method for HSI restoration. In contrast to traditional approaches based on convex penalties or nonconvex spectral penalty alone, we consider the sparsity of HSI in the spatial–spectral domain and combine the nonconvex low-rank penalty and the nonconvex 3-D total variation (TV)-like sparsity regularization to fully exploit the correlations in both spatial–spectral dimensions of the HSI data set. In addition, we propose a fast iterative variable splitting-based algorithm to effectively solve the corresponding optimization problem. Numerical experiments on both simulated and real HSI data sets demonstrate that the proposed nonconvex low-rank and TV (NonLRTV) method significantly improves the recovered image quality compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms.
Direct numerical simulation of turbulent flow past a cylinder with splitter plate

The splitter plate has been one of the most successful devices in controlling the vortex shedding in the wake of cylinder. In the present work, direct numerical simulations (DNS) of a cylinder with a fixed plate are performed. The Reynolds number chosen was Re = 1250 and the splitter plate length was varied up to twice the cylinder diameter. The Reynolds stresses, Strouhal number, turbulent kinetic energy and formation length have been studied in order to determine the effect of the plate on the vortex shedding. The splitter plate was effective in attenuating the turbulence intensity, showing good agreement with experimental data. A reduction of 5% in the vortex shedding frequency was observed in a three-dimensional wake when the splitter plate reaches two diameter length.
PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) BERORIENTASI STEM TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN LITERASI SAINS SISWA KELAS V SD DI GUGUS I GUSTI KETUT PUDJA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan pembelajaran berpendekatan saintifik berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) berorientasi STEM terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan literasi sains pada siswa kelas V SD di Gugus I Gusti Ketut Pudja. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen semu (quasi experiment). Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa Kelas V SD Gugus I Gusti Ketut Pudja Denpasar Selatan. Sample penelitian didapatkan melalui proses random sampling. Sample penelitian adalah siswa kelas V SD Hainan School dan siswa kelas V SD 5 Panjer. Hasil data kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa didapat melalui tes uraian dan hasil data literasi siswa didapat melalui tes pilihan ganda. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis Manova berbantuan SPSS 16.00 for windows. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan pembelajaran saintifik berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) berorientasi STEM dengan siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran saintifik, 2) terdapat perbedaan literasi sains siswa antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan pembelajaran saintifik berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) berorientasi STEM dengan siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran saintifik, 3) terdapat perbedaan simultan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan literasi sains antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan pembelajaran saintifik berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) berorientasi STEM dengan siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran saintifik. Dapat disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) berorientasi STEM.terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan literasi sains siswa. Kata kunci : berpikir kritis, literasi sains, pembelajaran PBL, STEM.
Multitask Learning for Object Localization With Deep Reinforcement Learning

In object localization, methods based on a top-down search strategy that focus on learning a policy have been widely researched. The performance of these methods relies heavily on the policy in question. This paper proposes a deep ${Q}$ -network (DQN) that employs a multitask learning method to localize class-specific objects. This DQN agent consists of two parts, an action executor part and a terminal part. The action executor determines the action that the agent should perform and the terminal decides whether the agent has detected the target object. By taking advantage of the capability of feature learning in a multitask method, our method combines these two parts by sharing hidden layers and trains the agent using multitask learning. A detection dataset from the PASCAL visual object classes challenge 2007 was used to evaluate the proposed method, and the results show that it can achieve higher average precision with fewer search steps than similar methods.
Spatiotemporal Multi-Graph Convolution Network for Ride-Hailing Demand Forecasting

Region-level demand forecasting is an essential task in ridehailing services. Accurate ride-hailing demand forecasting can guide vehicle dispatching, improve vehicle utilization, reduce the wait-time, and mitigate traffic congestion. This task is challenging due to the complicated spatiotemporal dependencies among regions. Existing approaches mainly focus on modeling the Euclidean correlations among spatially adjacent regions while we observe that non-Euclidean pair-wise correlations among possibly distant regions are also critical for accurate forecasting. In this paper, we propose the spatiotemporal multi-graph convolution network (ST-MGCN), a novel deep learning model for ride-hailing demand forecasting. We first encode the non-Euclidean pair-wise correlations among regions into multiple graphs and then explicitly model these correlations using multi-graph convolution. To utilize the global contextual information in modeling the temporal correlation, we further propose contextual gated recurrent neural network which augments recurrent neural network with a contextual-aware gating mechanism to re-weights different historical observations. We evaluate the proposed model on two real-world large scale ride-hailing demand datasets and observe consistent improvement of more than 10% over stateof-the-art baselines.
Decomposable Functors and the Exponential Principle

Abstract We develop a combinatorial theory for the operation of forming the logarithm of generating functions associated with covariant functors on the category of finite sets and bijective maps. This leads to a rather general and flexible exponential principle for labeled combinatorial structures. We also introduce the concept of a topos-like category, which turns out to be a convenient framework for the discussion of a wide range of applications a few of which are studied in detail.
BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF FIVE WILD FOOD PLANTS USED DURING WELDING PERIOD IN SOUTHERN MALI.

show the presence of alkaloids through whitish and orange precipitates respectively. To characterize the tannins, an aqueous solution of FeCl 3 at 1% gives a greenish or blue-blackish coloration in the presence of the latter. The differentiation of the tannins (catechics and gallic) was obtained by the Stiasny reagent. Obtaining a yellow precipitate indicates the presence of catechics tannins. After filtration, in the presence of sodium acetate and a few drops of a 1% ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ) solution, a blue-black color appears, indicating the presence of gallic tannins. The reaction with cyanidine allowed to characterize the flavonoids. An orange-pink color indicates the presence of flavones and a purplish pink color gave the flavonones, and a red color gives the flavonols or flavononols, collected on a layer of iso-amyl alcohol supernatant. Leucoanthocyanins were characterized by the same reaction with cyanidine but without adding the magnesium chips. The development of a red or purplish color indicates the presence of leucoanthocyanins. With the Liebermann-Burchard reaction, the presence of sterols and triterpenes is indicated by the appearance at the contact surface of the two liquids of a brownish-red or violet ring, the supernatant layer becoming green or violet. The presence of carotenoids was detected by the appearance of a blue color then becoming red in the presence of a saturated solution of antimony trichloride (SbCl 3 ) in chloroform. The appearance or not of UV fluorescence at λ = 366 nm was used to search for coumarins. We used the reagents of Baljet, Kedde and Raymond-Marthoud which respectively give an orange, purplish red, violet coloring in the presence of cardiotonic glycosides. The saponosides have been characterized by the persistent foam test and the mucilages using ethanol which gives a fluffy precipitate.
Exotic atoms in two dimensions

We study the behavior of energy levels in two dimensions for exotic atoms, i.e. when a long-range attractive potential is supplemented by a short-range interaction, and compare the results with those of the one- and three-dimensional cases. The energy shifts are well reproduced by a scattering length formula δE = A20/ln (a/R), where a is the scattering length in the short-range potential, A20/(2 π) is the square of the wavefunction at the origin in the external potential, and R is related to the derivative with respect to the energy of the solution that is regular at large distances.
ACCESS TO LIVELIHOOD AND THE INHERENT MOBILITY ISSUES FOR THE POOR WOMEN IN DELHI

Women form an important part of the workforce originating from the slums in Delhi. However, access to the workplace and its inherent mobility issues become a disabling factor for women's accessibility to livelihood sources. A study of the profile of working women and their mobility issues was done for a slum located in the heart of the affluent section of the city of Delhi and indicates that women spend more time traveling on slower modes, the faster and more flexible modes being more expensive. Their time-poverty forces them to look for work at shorter distances from their home, thus decreasing their choices and opportunities. The basic premise in this study is that women are capable of uplifting their standard of living and their status in society if their access to work is made more convenient. For the covering abstract see ITRD E116619.
Deep compression of convolutional neural networks with low‐rank approximation

The application of deep neural networks (DNNs) to connect the world with cyber physical systems (CPSs) has attracted much attention. However, DNNs require a large amount of memory and computational cost, which hinders their use in the relatively low‐end smart devices that are widely used in CPSs. In this paper, we aim to determine whether DNNs can be efficiently deployed and operated in low‐end smart devices. To do this, we develop a method to reduce the memory requirement of DNNs and increase the inference speed, while maintaining the performance (for example, accuracy) close to the original level. The parameters of DNNs are decomposed using a hybrid of canonical polyadic–singular value decomposition, approximated using a tensor power method, and fine‐tuned by performing iterative one‐shot hybrid fine‐tuning to recover from a decreased accuracy. In this study, we evaluate our method on frequently used networks. We also present results from extensive experiments on the effects of several fine‐tuning methods, the importance of iterative fine‐tuning, and decomposition techniques. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method by deploying compressed networks in smartphones.
Fortification of biscuits with iron from natural sources.

Iron deficiency anemia is considered one of prevalent patients in developing countries, whereas it is well known that wheat flour is deficient in iron, hence, in this study wheat flour (72%) extraction fortified with celery seeds and cinnamon bark meal individually as a natural sources of iron at levels 5, 7.5 and 10 g/100 g wheat flour and preparation of biscuit samples. Iron content in wheat flour, celery seeds and cinnamon were determined. Biscuit samples were sensory evaluated and baking quality tested. Total iron and available iron were determined in biscuit samples. Biological evaluation for experimental rats designed and histopathological examination was tested for heart organ of rats. The results showed that wheat flour, celery seeds and cinnamon contained from iron 1.98, 57 and 50 mg/100 g respectively. Total iron and available iron increased in biscuits samples by increasing celery seeds and cinnamon additives compared with unfortified biscuits (control). Sensory evaluation of biscuit samples showed slight decrease in color, crunchiness and appearance while odor and taste significantly improved by increasing celery seeds and cinnamon additives compared with control. Baking quality of biscuit samples indicated increasing in weight, while volume, diameter and thickness slightly decreased by increasing celery seeds and cinnamon additives compared with control. Biological evaluation revealed that mean values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red cell count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, serum iron and serum ferritin significantly improved after 8 weeks in groups rats fed on biscuits fortified with celery seeds and cinnamon compared with control. Histopathological overhaul declared amelioration in organ heart for groups rats fed on biscuits fortified with celery seeds and cinnamon compared with anemic control.
Bioactivity of Origanum syriacum Essential Oil against Candida albicans

ABSTRACT The susceptibility of 14 human isolates of Candida albicans to commercially available vaginal douche materials and to the essential oil of Origanum syriacum was investigated in hamsters. The essential oil of O. syriacum reduced the colonization and adaptability of the C. albicans more than the commercial douche materials (p < 0.05). In addition, a dilution of the Origanum syriacum essential oil in a water solution of dimethyl sulfoxide resulted in complete elimination of C. albicans from hamster's vagina in comparison to untreated controls (p < 0.05).
A Preliminary Study on Hydrodynamics of the Tam Giang - Cau Hai Lagoon and Tidal Inlet System in the Thua Thien-Hue Province, Vietnam

The Tarn Giang-Cau Hai lagoon is the most important coastal lagoon of Vietnam located in Thua Thien-Hue province. Basically formed in the late Holocene (more than 2000 years ago), the lagoon is being in the development stage. Its tidal inlets, nowadays are the Thuan An and Tu Hien inlets, are dynamic and ephemeral morphological features. Inlet migration and shoal, breakthrough ofthe sand barrier, erosion ofbeaches and sand dunes affect on socio-economic development and environment of the province to a high degree. Serious consequences of these processes are adverse effects on flooding and inundation, transportation, navigation, fishery, aquaculture, agriculture, lagoon ecosystem and environment. As a primarily step of research on the system, the study is limited on the hydraulic characteristics of the system with the main objectives are to set-up a numerical model to simulate and investigate the hydraulic behaviour of the system; to evaluate the stability situations of the inlets; and to suggest which processes and data are relevant for the successive steps ofthe study on morphology of the system. DUFLOW has been employed to simulate the hydraulic behaviour of the system under different boundary conditions of sea water level, river flow discharge, inlet geometry and configuration. Sensitivities and effect of the uncertainty of sea level rise, storm surges, inlet openings, river flows and tidal parameters on the hydraulic characteristics of the system have been also investigated. Stability ofthe inlets has been evaluated accordingly. Model results indicate that river flows are the most important acting force of the system during floods. Tides, storm surges and inlet openings are also important factors changing the hydrodynamic characteristics of the system in these extreme conditions. In the dry season, the most important factors influencing the hydrodynamic characteristics of the system are tides, sea level rise and inlet openings. Tidal water level, river floods, and sediment transport are the most sensitive acting forces influencing the stability of the inlets. The stability situation of the Thuan An inlet is in a "fair to poor" situation, according to Brunn's P/Mrot criterion. The Tu Hien inlet, which is relatively independent with the openings of other inlets, is always in a "poor" stability condition. Beside of using the model for hydrodynamic simulation of the whole system, it is recommended to employ a morphologic model (preferably 2D) in the successive steps of the study for in detail simulation of the inlets and their vicinity taking into account of effects of tides, waves, river flows, flow circular by wind, density current, sediment transport. The relevant processes and related data are also recommended for future studies.
The role of context in human memory augmentation

Technology has always had a direct impact on what humans remember. In the era of smartphones and wearable devices, people easily capture on a daily basis information and videos, which can help them remember past experiences and attained knowledge, or simply evoke memories for reminiscing. The increasing use of such ubiquitous devices and technologies produces a sheer volume of pictures and videos that, in combination with additional contextual information, could potentially significantly improve one’s ability to recall a past experience and prior knowledge. Calendar entries, application use logs, social media posts, and activity logs comprise only a few examples of such potentially memory-supportive additional information. This work explores how such memory-supportive information can be collected, filtered, and eventually utilized, for generating memory cues, fragments of past experience or prior knowledge, purposed for triggering one’s memory recall. In this thesis, we showcase how we leverage modern ubiquitous technologies as a vessel for transferring established psychological methods from the lab into the real world, for significantly and measurably augmenting human memory recall in a diverse set of often challenging contexts. We combine experimental evidence garnered from numerous field and lab studies, with knowledge amassed from an extensive literature review, for substantially informing the design and development of future pervasive memory augmentation systems. Ultimately, this work contributes to the fundamental understanding of human memory and how today’s modern technologies can be actuated for augmenting it.
Climate change and its impact on the Himalayan glaciers - a case study on the Chorabari glacier, Garhwal Himalaya, India.

Glaciers and small ice caps in temperate environments are sensitive indicators of the change in climate. Mountain glaciers provide a valuable tool for reconstruction of Holocene climate changes. The present work, thus, deals mainly with climatic change and its impact on the Himalayan glaciers based on the dating of lichens, developed on loops of moraines formed due to various stages of advance and retreat of the glacier. Here it has been shown that the date of the largest lichen on the loop of moraine that indicates the position of maximum advance of the glacier is 258 years. It shows the period when the Chorabari glacier started receding from the point of its maximum advancement in this part of the Himalaya. Earlier work in the Dokriani Bamak (glacier) has shown that the period of retreat in the respective part of the Himalaya is around 314 years. Research on various glaciers of the northern and southern hemisphere has shown that most of them started their retreat in the mid-eighteenth century, thereby indicating the end of the Little Ice Age maximum. These results suggest that climatic changes in the world started during early to mid-eighteenth century, though this needs further work for confirmation. There is every possibility that its effect was sensed first in the zone close to the equator by the north-facing Himalayan glaciers such as the Dokriani Bamak.
Saline Lakes Around the World: Unique Systems with Unique Values

The Aral Sea, which before 1960 was the fourth largest lake in the world, has now split into four separate water bodies. This break-up and desiccation mainly resulted from upstream irrigation withdrawals from the two main influent rivers, the Syr Darya and the Amu Darya. The negative effects on the lake ecosystem due to declining water level and increasing salinity, as well as the profound socioeconomic and human impacts to the riparian populations, have been well documented. This paper focuses on the conservation and rehabilitation efforts for four remaining key water bodies of the Aral Sea: the Northern (Small) Aral and its ecosystem; the Southern (Large) Aral and its ecosystem; the delta and deltaic water bodies of the Syr Darya; and the delta and deltaic water bodies of the Amu Darya. It is encouraging to note the reversal of the degradation in the Northern Aral after the creation of a dike at Berg’s Strait in 1992. The dike washed out in 1999 but has been replaced with a new structurally sound dike. The water level in the Northern Aral has increased several meters and salinity is returning to levels that can sustain the pre-1960 ecosystem. However, much less success has been obtained regarding the Southern Aral which continues its retreat and salinization. There have been recent efforts also in the deltas and deltaic regions of the Syr Darya and Amu Darya, the rehabilitation of Sudochie Lake probably being the most famous. These restoration projects are critiqued in this paper and recommendations for future actions are given. The Aral Sea and its Biodiversity The Aral Sea was the fourth largest lake in the world by water surface area in 1960 (Figure 1). At that time its area was 6.75 x 10 4 km 2 (Large Aral 6.14 x 10 4 km 2 , Small Aral 6118 km 2 ), and the volume was 1089 km 3 (Large Aral 1007 km 3 , Small Aral 82 km 3 ). The Aral Sea was 53.4 m above ocean level with a maximum depth of 69 m. It was a slightly saline lake with an average salinity of about 10 g/l. The Aral Sea was inhabited by about 12 species of fish and about 160 species of free-living invertebrates excluding Protozoa and small-size Metazoa (Atlas of the Aral Sea Invertebrates 1974). Figure 1–The Aral Sea in 1960. Since 1960 the Aral Sea has steadily become shallower, mainly as a result of upstream water withdrawals for irrigation. By 2007 the area of the lake was reduced to about 1.4 x 10 4 km 2 (21% compared to the area in 1960) with a volume of 102 km 3 (9% of 1960). The Large Aral was 1.1 x 10 4 km 2 (17% of 1960), had a volume of 75 km 3 (8% of 1960) and a salinity that ranged from 100 g/l to well above that figure. The corresponding values for the Small Aral were 3258 km 2 (53% of 1960) and 27 km 3 (33% of 1960), with an average salinity of about 10 g/l (Table 1).