Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Survey and a Positive Psychology Intervention on French PhD Student Well-being

Aim/Purpose The present work focuses on French PhD students’ well-being: an understudied working population thus far, which impedes the development of evidence-based policies on this issue in France. Background Research studies from several countries have shown that carrying out a PhD can be a difficult experience resulting in high attrition rates with significant financial and human costs. Methodology The two studies presented in this article focus on biology PhD students from University Lyon 1, a very large French university (~40,000 students). A first study aimed at measuring the mental health and well-being of PhD students using generalist and PhD-specific tools. In a second study, we carried out and assessed a positive psychology intervention (PPI) aimed at improving PhD students’ wellbeing. French PhD Student Well-being 110 Contribution Our work is one of the first characterizations of French PhD students’ mental health and well-being. As with other recent studies conducted in Western countries, we found a high level of mental distress among PhD students. Our work also underlines the importance of taking many dimensions of the PhD (not only supervisor behaviour) in order to understand PhD student well-being. Cultural specificities are highlighted and can help inform the design of interventions adapted to each situation. The PPI showed pre-to-post positive changes on PhD students’ well-being. Further research is needed on a larger sample size in order to detect more subtle effects. However, these results are promising in terms of interventions that help reduce PhD student distress. Findings Study 1 involved 136 participants and showed that a large fraction of the PhD students experiences abnormal levels of stress, depression, and anxiety. We found that career training and prospects, research experience, and the impact of carrying out a thesis on health and private life have more impact on PhD students’ mental health than the supervisors’ behaviour. French PhD students’ well-being is specifically affected by career uncertainty, perceived lack of progress in the PhD, and perceived lack of competence compared to UK PhD students well-being, which suggests cultural differences about the PhD experience in France compared to other countries. In study 2, the scores of the test and control groups (N = 10 and N = 13, respectively) showed a clear effect of the intervention on reducing anxiety. Impact on Society The high levels of mental health issues and reduced well-being in French PhD students reported in this study underline the importance of developing interventions in this field. Improving the supervisor-student relationship is one possibility but is not the only one. Interventions aimed at learning how to cope with the research experience and with the uncertainty with career pathways, and a good balance between PhD work and personal life present other promising possibilities.
Web 2.0 and Social Media Connecting Learners in Self-Paced Study: Practitioners' Perspectives.

Distance learners determine the time and place for their studies—those engaged in selfpaced study may also choose the rate at which they proceed through their courses. However, it is difficult to incorporate purposeful learner-learner interaction into self-paced study. A multiplecase study included three open universities with in-house design and development of self-paced undergraduate courses. Data was gathered from in-depth interviews with course developers (academics and learning/teaching specialists), self-paced course materials, and institutional documents. This article reports on the ways in which these course designers and developers are making use of Web 2.0 and network-based approaches to encourage open, social forms of learner-learner interaction in self-paced courses.
"Our Silent Day": One White Gay Teacher Explores Teacher Agency and Counter-Socialization during the National Day of Silence.

– Reflective use of teachers’ LGBTQ identities offer underexplored assets in civic and social education for counter-socialization, as models of critical consciousness – Participating in the Day of Silence promoted greater teacher agency because all 150 students chose to participate, and nearly 100% expressed meaningful engagement – In contrast to other studies, here DoS served to promote empathy, trust and communal concern when the teacher expanded its terms of participation, particularly for students of color – LGBTQ teachers and students continue to face a “civic paradox” in schools, even in politically liberal contexts
Job Insecurity and Older Workers’ Mental Health in the United States

Abstract We estimate the effects of job insecurity on the mental health of older workers in the United States. To address endogeneity problems, we exploit panel data and plausibly exogenous changes in job loss expectations following eliminations of similar positions and other types of jobs at the worker’s employer, as well as changes in employment at the industry–state level. We provide evidence that job insecurity, as measured by the self-reported probability of job loss, increases stress at work and the risk of clinical depression. We also find that the use of instrumental variables increases the size of the estimated effects. We interpret this as evidence that job insecurity which is outside the control of workers may have much larger effects on mental health. Our findings suggest that employers should worry about the mental health of workers in periods of downsizing, periods which are crucial for the recovery of firms in financial difficulties and which may depend particularly on the productivity of its workers.
Reaction to Deceptive Advertising in Brazil

This paper examines the Brazilian consumers and their reaction to deceptive and non-deceptive advertisings. Two versions of the same ad – one without and another with deception – were exposed to 359 respondents and reactions compared using the Wells scale. It was found that consumers tend not to claim their rights in court when faced by deceptive advertisement. Also, the emotional quotient (EQ) of the deceptive advertisement exceeds that of the non-deceptive, indicating that consumers perceive greater appeal in a deceptive advertisement than in the non-deceptive. The deceptive advertisement is even perceived as more honest than the non-deceptive. Keywords: Deceptive Advertising, Reaction. Brazil, Consumers.
Social comparison in parents of children with chronic conditions: Results from the Portuguese version of the Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure

Aim The Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) is a measure for assessing individual differences in social comparison orientation. Despite the relevance of social comparison orientation in understanding adult patients' adjustment responses to chronic health conditions, the impact of parental social comparison processes in the context of chronic pediatric conditions remains unexplored. This study’s main goal was to examine the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the INCOM with parents of children with chronic health conditions. Method Two samples of parents of children with chronic pediatric conditions (asthma, epilepsy, diabetes and obesity) were used (test sample, N = 301; validation sample, N = 192). Parents completed self-reported measures of social comparison orientation, anxiety and depression symptoms and neuroticism. Results Regarding factorial validity, results supported the unidimensionality of a revised INCOM scale, comprised of nine items. Results also supported the reliability of the measure, and provided evidence of concurrent validity: parents with higher social comparison orientation presented more anxiety and depressive symptoms, and higher neuroticism scores, consistent with what was theoretically expected. Conclusion This study opens an important door in the field of pediatric chronic conditions, supporting the relevance of examining parents’ social comparison differences in future research, and the utility of the INCOM in the assessment of those differences.
Revisiting the SABRA model: Statics and dynamics

We revisit the two-dimensional SABRA model, in the light of the recent results of Frisch et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett., 108 (2012) 074501) and examine, systematically, the interplay between equilibrium states and cascade (turbulent) solutions, characterised by a single parameter b, via equal-time and time-dependent structure functions. We calculate the static and dynamic exponents across the equipartition as well as turbulent regimes which are consistent with earlier studies. Our results indicate the absence of a sharp transition from equipartition to turbulent states. Indeed, we find that the SABRA model mimics true two-dimensional turbulence only asymptotically as .
Light Scattering by Fractal Dust Aggregates. II. Opacity and Asymmetry Parameter

Optical properties of dust aggregates are important at various astrophysical environments. To find a reliable approximation method for optical properties of dust aggregates, we calculate the opacity and the asymmetry parameter of dust aggregates by using a rigorous numerical method, the T-Matrix Method, and then the results are compared to those obtained by approximate methods: the Rayleigh–Gans–Debye (RGD) theory, the effective medium theory (EMT), and the distribution of hollow spheres method (DHS). First of all, we confirm that the RGD theory breaks down when multiple scattering is important. In addition, we find that both EMT and DHS fail to reproduce the optical properties of dust aggregates with fractal dimensions of 2 when the incident wavelength is shorter than the aggregate radius. In order to solve these problems, we test the mean field theory (MFT), where multiple scattering can be taken into account. We show that the extinction opacity of dust aggregates can be well reproduced by MFT. However, it is also shown that MFT is not able to reproduce the scattering and absorption opacities when multiple scattering is important. We successfully resolve this weak point of MFT, by newly developing a modified mean field theory (MMF). Hence, we conclude that MMF can be a useful tool to investigate radiative transfer properties of various astrophysical environments. We also point out an enhancement of the absorption opacity of dust aggregates in the Rayleigh domain, which would be important to explain the large millimeter-wave opacity inferred from observations of protoplanetary disks.
On the extent of the moat flow in axisymmetric sunspots

Unipolar, axisymmetric sunspots are figuratively called "theoretician's sunspots" because their simplicity supposedly makes them more suitable for theoretical descriptions or numerical models. On 2013 November 18, a very large specimen (active region NOAA 11899) crossed the central meridian of the Sun. The moat flow associated with this very large spot is quantitatively compared to that of a medium and a small sunspot to determine the extend of the moat flow in different environments. We employ continuum images and magnetograms of the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) as well as extreme ultraviolet (EUV) images at $\lambda$160 nm of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), both on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), to measure horizontal proper motions with Local Correlation Tracking (LCT) and flux transport velocities with the Differential Affine Velocity Estimator (DAVE). We compute time-averaged flow maps ($\pm$6 hours around meridian passage) and radial averages of photometric, magnetic and flow properties. Flow fields of a small- and a medium-sized axisymmetric sunspot provide the context for interpreting the results. All sunspots show the outward moat flow and the advection of moving magnetic features (MMFs). However, the extent of the moat flow varies from spot to spot but a correlation of flow properties with size is tenuous, if at all present. The moat flow is asymmetric and predominantly in the east-west direction, whereby deviations are related to the tilt angle of the sunspot group as well as to the topology and activity level of the trailing plage.
The Low Detection Rate of Pair–instability Supernovae and the Effect of the Core Carbon Fraction

The pair-instability supernova (PISN) is a common fate of very massive stars (VMSs). Current theory predicts initial and CO core mass ranges for PISNe of ∼140–260 and ∼65–120 M⊙, respectively, for stars that are not much affected by the wind mass loss. The corresponding relative event rate between PISNe and core-collapse supernovae is estimated to be ∼1% for the present-day initial mass function. However, no confident PISN candidate has been detected so far, despite more than 1000 supernovae being discovered every year. We investigate the evolution of VMSs with various core carbon-to-oxygen ratios for the first time by introducing a multiplication factor to the 12C(α, γ)16O reaction rate. We find that a less massive VMS with a high X(C)/X(O) develops shell convection during the core carbon-burning phase, with which the star avoids the pair-creation instability. The second result is the high explodability for a massive VMS; i.e., a star with high X(C)/X(O) explodes with a smaller explosion energy. Consequently, the initial and CO core mass ranges for PISNe are significantly increased. Finally, a PISN with high X(C)/X(O) yields a smaller amount of 56Ni. Therefore, PISNe with high X(C)/X(O) are much rarer and fainter. This result advances the first theory to decrease the PISN event rate by directly shifting the CO core mass range.
Comparison of modelling and experimental values of non-linear optical coefficients of SCE13(*)

Abstract Second order non-linear optical properties of tilted smectic liquid crystalline phases with chiral molecules have been recently measured 1,2. This paper describes experimental measurement of non-linear optical coefficients of a commercial FLC mixture, SCE13*3 and comparison with values derived from molecular modelling. Using a thin cell geometry and in-plane electrodes, Maker fringes were detected. From the SHG signal, the bulk coefficients were calculated to be deff = 0.0008 prnV-1, d21 = 0.0001 pmV-1, and d22 = 0.003 pmV-1 at 50°C. Molecular modelling of the chiral components of SCE13* was carried out using MM2 molecular mechanics and the semi-empirical MOPAC 5 and 6 packages. The d22 coefficient was calculated to be 0.0004 prnV-1 using simple geometric arguments, and was 0.0027 pmV-1 using an extended theory.
The Highly Collimated Radio Jet of HH 80–81: Structure and Nonthermal Emission

Radio emission from protostellar jets is usually dominated by free–free emission from thermal electrons. However, in some cases, it has been proposed that nonthermal emission could also be present. This additional contribution from nonthermal emission has been inferred through negative spectral indices at centimeter wavelengths in some regions of the radio jets. In the case of HH 80–81, one of the most powerful protostellar jets known, linearly polarized emission has also been detected, revealing that the nonthermal emission is of synchrotron nature from a population of relativistic particles in the jet. This result implies that an acceleration mechanism should be taking place in some parts of the jet. Here, we present new high sensitivity and high angular resolution radio observations at several wavelengths (in the 3–20 cm range) of the HH 80–81 radio jet. These new observations represent an improvement in sensitivity and angular resolution by a factor of ∼10 with respect to previous observations. This allows us to resolve the morphology of the radio jet and to study the different emission mechanisms involved through spectral index maps. We conclude that synchrotron emission in this jet arises from an extended component detected at low frequencies and from the termination points of the jet, where strong shocks against the ambient medium can produce efficient particle acceleration.
Türkiye'de İlköğretimde Görsel Sanatlar ile ilgili Yapılan Lisansüstü Tezlerin Eğilimleri

The purpose of this study is to identify the trends in master’s theses on visual arts conducted in Turkish primary education. We used different combination of keywords regarding visual arts and primary education and identified 84 master’s theses. Utilizing content analysis, we identified the title of the advisor, date, university, department, level, methods, sampling method, grade level, sample size, data collection, implications, keywords, gender of the researcher, the number of Turkish and English sources were identified. Findings were given in frequency and coding tables. The results indicated that most master’s thesis on visual arts conducted in Turkey writers were female, the advisor of the theses were mostly assistant professor, thesis were mostly published in 2011, most theses were published in Gazi University, most thesis were published in arts education departments, most theses were in master’s degree. Most studies utilized qualitative analysis and conducted with primary school students. Data analysis techniques included content analysis and documents analysis. Examining the implications of the thesis results showed that professional development courses could be given, art education environments should be equipped with proper materials, duration of visual arts courses should be increased, and collaboration with museums should be established.
Data Management in Meta-analytical Procedures: Myths, Realities, and Biases

The aim of the present paper is to highlight the importance of a correct data management and the preparation of a proper statistical value base in developing a meta-analysis. When dealing with meta-analytical procedures, research studies encounter a wide range of challenges, ranging from the classical value losses towards more modern coding or sampling biases. The theoretical and practical examples of this paper indicate that a meta-analytical approach is most useful and applicable when related to a clear problem specification, a correct coding scheme and the use of eligible
Separation of finite and infinite-dimensional quantum correlations, with infinite question or answer sets

Completely determining the relationship between quantum correlation sets is a long-standing open problem, known as Tsirelson's problem. Following recent progress by Slofstra [arXiv:1606.03140 (2016), arXiv:1703.08618 (2017)] only two instances of the problem remain open. One of them is the question of whether the set of finite-dimensional quantum correlations is strictly contained in the set of infinite-dimensional ones (i.e. whether $\mathcal C_{q} \neq \mathcal C_{qs}$). The usual formulation of the question assumes finite question and answer sets. In this work, we show that, when one allows for either infinite answer sets (and finite question sets) or infinite question sets (and finite answer sets), there exist correlations that are achievable using an infinite-dimensional quantum strategy, but not a finite-dimensional one. For the former case, our proof exploits a recent result [Nat. Comm. 8, 15485 (2017)], which shows self-testing of any pure bipartite entangled state of arbitrary local dimension $d$, using question sets of size 3 and 4 and answer sets of size $d$. For the latter case, a key step in our proof is to show a novel self-test, inspired by [Nat. Comm. 8, 15485 (2017)], of all bipartite entangled states of any local dimension d, using question sets of size $O(d)$, and answer sets of size 4 and 3 respectively.
A New Precision Measurement of the Small-scale Line-of-sight Power Spectrum of the Lyα Forest

We present a new measurement of the Lyα forest power spectrum at 1.8 < z < 3.4 using 74 Keck/HIRES and VLT/UVES high-resolution, high-signal-to-noise-ratio quasar spectra. We developed a custom pipeline to measure the power spectrum and its uncertainty, which fully accounts for finite resolution and noise and corrects for the bias induced by masking missing data, damped Lyα absorption systems, and metal absorption lines. Our measurement results in unprecedented precision on the small-scale modes , inaccessible to previous SDSS/BOSS analyses. It is well known that these high-k modes are highly sensitive to the thermal state of the intergalactic medium, but contamination by narrow metal lines is a significant concern. We quantify the effect of metals on the small-scale power and find a modest effect on modes with . As a result, by masking metals and restricting to , their impact is completely mitigated. We present an end-to-end Bayesian forward-modeling framework whereby mock spectra with the same noise, resolution, and masking as our data are generated from Lyα forest simulations. These mock spectra are used to build a custom emulator, enabling us to interpolate between a sparse grid of models and perform Markov chain Monte Carlo fits. Our results agree well with BOSS on scales , where the measurements overlap. The combination of the percent-level low-k precision of BOSS with our 5%–15% high-k measurements results in a powerful new data set for precisely constraining the thermal history of the intergalactic medium, cosmological parameters, and the nature of dark matter. The power spectra and their covariance matrices are provided as electronic tables.
Beden Eğitimi Öğretmenlerinin Başarı Algılarında Yordayıcı Olarak Akademik İyimserlik, Psikolojik İyi Oluş ve Fiziksel Öz Saygı

The aim of this study is to investigate the predictive values of academic optimism, psychological well-being and physical self-esteem in the success perceptions of physical education teachers. This study is a descriptive study which uses a relational survey model. The sample of the study is comprised of 374 physical education teachers selected from the central counties of Ankara. Stratified sampling technique was used in the determination of the samples. The analysis of the data was done by use of SPSS 21 and AMOS programs. The Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient for the determination of the relations between the variables, whether the academic optimism, psychological well-being and physical esteem of physical education teachers are rational predictors of success conceptions as well as the direct and indirect effects of the variables were all investigated with path analysis. The results of the study indicated that there is a positive significant relationship between the success perceptions and academic optimism, psychological well-being and physical self-esteem levels of physical education teachers. Besides, while academic optimism and physical self-esteem positively and directly predict the success perceptions of physical education teachers, psychological well-being predicts the success perceptions indirectly by means of academic optimism.
Study on Intention and Behavior Towards Halal Non-Food Product

Although it has emerged as an active research, issue on the halal non- food product is still less explored. This study aims to observe perceived value, usefulness, and halal logistic effect on people’s intention and behavior toward halal non-food product. As an empirical study involving 426 respondents in Indonesia, this study applies the statistical approach of structural equation modeling technique with a conventional regression model. This study reveals that a perceived value affect the perceived usefulness. While both perceived usefulness and halal logistics are significantly affecting people’s intention, in which finally affect the people’s behavior in buying halal non-food products.