Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RELATIVE PERFORMANCE OF SUGAR BEET VARIETIES UNDER THREE PLANT DENSITIES IN NEWLY RECLAIMED SOIL

Two field experiments were carried out during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons at Kom Oshem, Fayoum Governorate to study the effect of three hill spacing, 15, 20 and 25 cm and three sugar beet varieties Pleno, Sultan and Kawemira as well as their interaction on sugar beet productivity. Sugar beet varieties were planted on 1 st November in both seasons. The obtained results revealed that: increasing plant spacing from 15 to 25 cm increased significantly root length and diameter, fresh weight, sucrose%, root and sugar yields/fed. Impurities%, i.e. (N, Na and K) were decreased significantly in both seasons. Sugar beet varieties gave increased significantly root length, diameter, fresh weight, sucrose%, root and sugar yields/fed. Decreased significantly impurities% in both seasons. The interaction was significant in both seasons for root length, fresh weight and root yields/fed. In general, sowing sugar beet at 25 cm using Kawemira variety was the best treatment for maximizing productivity under the environmental conditions of this study.
Coaching From A Philosophy Of Science Perspective

Coaching is a multidisciplinary human development method. As such there is no academic discipline that ‘owns’ the coaching profession. Having contributors from across disciplines can appear to result in an amalgam or patchwork of techniques that have been thrown together with no underlying principles to guide them. This can invite a view of coaching as nothing more than a utilitarian set of tools to accomplish discrete, individual goals. The purpose of this paper is to describe and discuss underlying principles to the coaching process that are rooted in the historical context of what coaching has been, is, and will be. These fundamental principles contain a specific view of personhood that has social and cultural implications that reach far beyond the practice of the coaching profession itself. Hence, there is a common claim that the coaching paradigm will and is changing the world. This article will attempt to substantiate this broad and sweeping claim by drawing on a philosophy of science perspective. The implications for a theory of coaching, the practice of professional coaching and the role of coaching research are also considered.
PII: S0749-6419(98)00041-2

ÐThis is the second of a two part paper dealing with the inelastic response of materials. Part I (see Rajagopal and Srinivasa (1998) International Journal of Plasticity 14, 945±967) dealt with the structure of the constitutive equations for the elastic response of a material with multiple natural con®gurations. We now focus attention on the evolution of the natural con®gurations. We introduce two functions-the Helmholtz potential and the rate of dissipation functionÐrepresenting the rate of conversion of mechanical work into heat. Motivated by, and generalizing the work of Ziegler (1963) in Progress in Solid Mechanics, Vol. 4, North-Holland, Amsterdam/New York; (1983) An Introduction to Thermodynamics, North-Holland, Amsterdam/New York) we then assume that the evolution of the natural con®gurations occurs in such a way that the rate of dissipation is maximized. This maximization is subject to the constraint that the rate of dissipation is equal to the dierence between the rate of mechanical working and the rate of increase of the Helmholtz potential per unit volume. This then allows us to derive the constitutive equations for the stress response and the evolution of the natural con®gurations from these two scalar functions. Of course, the maximum rate of dissipation criterion that is stated here is only an assumption that holds for a certain class of materials under consideration. Our quest is to see whether such an assumption gives reasonable results. In the process, we hope to gain insight into the nature of such materials. We demonstrate that the resulting constitutive equations allow for response with and without yielding behavior and obtain a generalization of the normality and convexity conditions. We also show that, in the limit of quasistatic deformations, if one considers materials that possess yielding behavior, then the constitutive equations reduce to those corresponding to the strain space formulation of the rate independent theory of plasticity (see e.g. Naghdi (1990) Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics A345, 425±458. ). Moreover, in this limit, the maximum rate of dissipation criterion, as stated here, is equivalent to the work inequality of Naghdi and Trapp (1975) Quartely Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics 28, 25±46). The main results together with an illustrative example are presented. # 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Mineralogical stabilization of Ternesite in Belite Sulfo-Aluminate Clinker elaborated from limestone, shale and phosphogypsum

This paper investigates the mineralogical evolution of sulfoaluminate clinker elaborated from moroccan prime materials limestone, shale and phosphogypsum as a byproduct from phosphoric acid factories. The advantage of the production of this type of clinker is related to the low clinkerisation temperature which is known around 1250°C, and to less consumption quantity of limestone thus enabling less CO 2 emissions during the decarbonation process compared to that of Portland cement. In this study we determine the stability conditions of belite sulfoaluminate clinker containing belite (C 2 S) ye’elimite (C 4 A 3 $) and ternesite (C 5 S 2 $). The hydration compounds of this clinker are also investigated. The monitoring of the synthesized and hydrated phases is performed by X-Ray Diffraction and Infrared spectroscopy. The results show the formation of ternesite at 800°C and the stabilization of clinker containing y’elminite, belite and ternesite at temperatures between 1100 and 1250°C.
Alliance portfolio diversity and innovation outcomes : does technology management matter?

In this paper we test whether the use of a set of technology management tools (TM-tools), a specification of alliance portfolio capability, influences the relationship between alliance portfolio diversity and a firm's innovation outcomes. Based on a sample of South African firms we first confirm the inverted U-shaped relation between alliance portfolio diversity and a firm's innovation outcomes found by earlier research. We also show that the shape of this inverted-U differs for incremental and radical innovation outcomes. Subsequently, we test the moderating effect of the use of TM-tools on this relationship, for which find a strong positive moderating effect. In particular, for firms intensively using TM-tools the negative effect of high levels of alliance portfolio diversity on innovation outcomes turns into a positive effect. This suggests that the use of formal technology management practices is beneficial to manage highly diverse alliance portfolios. ________________
Stress scenario generation

We derive worst-case scenarios in a life insurance model in the case where the interest rate and the various transition intensities are mutually dependent. Examples of this dependence are that a) surrender intensities and interest rates are high at the same time, b) mortality intensities of a policyholder as active and disabled, respectively, are low at the same time, and c) mortality intensities of the policyholders in a portfolio are low at the same time. The set from which the worst-case scenario is taken reflects the dependence structure and allows us to relate the worst-case scenario-based reserve, qualitatively, to a Value-at-Risk-based calculation of solvency capital requirements. This brings out perspectives for our results in relation to qualifying the standard formula of Solvency II or using a scenario-based approach in internal models. Our results are powerful for various applications and the techniques are non-standard in control theory, exactly because our worst-case scenario is deterministic and not adapted to the stochastic development of the portfolio. The formalistic results are exemplified in a series of numerical studies.
The influence of product differentiation strategy on operational performance at Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

In the last decade, many researchers have conducted studies on the efforts to improve corporate performance through the stimulation of specific business strategy approach. This study aims to analyze the effect of product differentiation strategy on operating performance of the company. The study was conducted on industrial of SMEs in South Sulawesi, Indonesia using a survey method with the sample of 75 respondents. The data were collected through questionnaires, and processed by the method of path analysis. The results show that the strategy of product differentiation (vertical and horizontal) affects the operational performance of industrial of the SMEs significantly and negatively. It has implications such as in the early stages of the implementation of this strategy; the company can issue additional production costs in the form of material costs, and more failing products without being accompanied by an increase in new customers. This study can be continued to further examine the relationship of differentiation strategy implementation and performance of the company involving a moderator variable lag-time and the role of production technology in the research model.
Investigating ESL / EFL students ‘ approaches in response to revision processes : A case study

The issues surrounding giving feedback to second language (L2) learners have attracted the interests of a number of researchers to date. Most continue to wonder how to give L2 students effective feedback. Some studies found that ESL/EFL students focus mainly on surface-level issues, those that relate to grammatical and mechanical aspects of writing, when attending to teacher feedback. Others found that students attend to meaning-level feedback as well, which relates to meaning changes, such as sentence clarification or the request to add a topic sentence. This raises a question: why do some students focus on surface-level issues while others focus on meaning-level issues? This study aimed to identify and understand the revision approach of six highly motivated ESL/EFL learners, analyzing their texts and confirming the results from their own point of view. We employed three data sources: structured and retrospective interviews, the students‘ written texts, and the tutors‘ written feedback. The students‘ revised drafts were analyzed using Faighly and Witte‘s (1981) taxonomy of revisions, which helped to clarify the dominant features of the students‘ revisions. Even though the students were at the same proficiency level, half of them focused on broader meaning-level changes (labeled as global-oriented students) and the other half were inclined to focus on surface-level changes (labeled as local-oriented students). Determining whether learners are local or global in their orientation is important in increasing the impact of feedback in perfecting students‘ writing. Further investigation on this issue may significantly improve the way in which written feedback is provided and utilized. © 2017 JLLS and the Authors Published by JLLS.
Multi-View Reprojection Architecture for Orientation Estimation

In autonomous driving scenarios, pose estimation of surrounding vehicles and other objects is required in decision making and planning. This paper proposes Multi-View Reprojection Architecture, a flexible, highly accurate architecture to adopt any 2D detection network and extend it to regress the orientation of object's 3D bounding box and its dimensions. In contrast to previous techniques, our network incorporates geometric constraints on 3D box imposed by 2D detection box. In particular, we regress dimensions, orientation and reprojected boxes in multi-view obtained from novel 3D reconstruction layer using perspective geometry. In 3D reconstruction layer, we use an iterative refinement strategy to accurately recover 3D boxes even when 2D boxes are truncated. The proposed architecture is shown to outperform state-of-the-art methods on the challenging KITTI car orientation benchmark and obtain top results on 3D detection benchmark while running in real time, making it suitable for autonomous vehicles.
EXPLAINING ANOMALIES IN INTERTEMPORAL CHOICE: A MENTAL ZOOMING THEORY*

I present a theory that can explain hyperbolic discounting and magnitude effects in intertemporal choice. This approach builds on theories of narrow framing and reference dependence and expands these theories in a novel way by examining hidden mental zooming in base consumption adjustment in decisions regarding intertemporal prospects of varying magnitudes and time horizons. Data from a field experiment were used to assess the theory with an incentive-compatible multiple price list approach involving magnitude levels of 5x, 10x and 20x the basic magnitude level with time horizons of one, three, six and 12 months. Without zooming adjustments in base consumption, very strong hyperbolic and magnitude effects were found, and present bias could not explain the hyperbolic effects. The mental zooming model provides an effective rational explanation of what appear to be significant intertemporal anomalies in the data.
Review of the theoretical and empirical literature of consumer ethnocentrism

This article presents an analysis of the concept of consumer ethnocentrism measured by the researchers with the use of the Consumer Ethnocentric Tendencies Scale (CETSCALE) developed by Shimp and Sharma in 1987. The communication campaigns promoting the consumption of goods produced in Romania were revised together with the European legislation regarding this type of campaigns. While country-of-origin and ethnocentrism have been extensively researched, the link between CE and the attitude toward locally made products, as well as the link between CE and the attitude toward a buy local campaign has not been fully explored. The results will be useful for marketers, policy makers and businessmen to find what is especially important in consuming local products in Romania, why consumer ethnocentrism is relevant and what is influenced by consumer ethnocentrism. Such information could help them in taking strategically decisions.
HIGH-SPEED YARN TRANSPORT SYSTEMS SIMULATION

Stability of the unwinding process has a direct influence on the efficency of the process and on the quality of the final product. An optimal shape of the package leads to an optimal shape of the balloon and to small and steady tension even at high unwinding velocity. Computer modelling is a valuable tool in search of the optimal package shape. We demonstrate a mathematical model for simulating the unwinding from cylindrical and conic packages. We show how the winding angle and the apex angle influence the angular velocity of the yarn during the unwinding. Since the centrifugal forces on the yarn in the balloon depend on the angular velocity, this velocity has a large influence on the tension that we wish to reduce.
House Prices, Investors, and Credit in the Great Housing Bust

What role did investors play in stabilizing housing markets during the Great Housing Bust? Using transaction-level data, I distinguish between two distinct classes of housing investors: large, deep-pocketed corporate investors, and small household investors that rely on mortgage credit. I estimate that in response to a negative mortgage credit supply shock, house prices fell by 30 percent more in markets where household investors absorbed a larger share of house purchases than did corporate investors. To rationalize this result, I build a heterogeneous agent model of the housing market featuring both types of investors. The model maps the estimated relative decline in house prices to the relative housing demand elasticities of corporate and household investors. Because household investment is relatively inelastic, the model produces a much larger equilibrium decline in house prices in response to an negative mortgage credit supply shock when household investors are the marginal house buyers. I show that the lower household investment demand elasticity is due to household exposure to the mortgage shock, the illiquidity of housing assets, and losses on primary property wealth. When corporate investors are the marginal house buyers during the shock, house prices are more stable and household welfare improves. This is the case even though homeownership rates fall by more and capital gains on housing during the recovery accrue to firms rather than households. ∗Contact: james.graham@nyu.edu; (+1) 646-400-2921; 19 West 4th Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10012, US. Acknowledgements: Innumerable thanks are owed to my advisors, Simon Gilchrist, Mark Gertler, Virgiliu Midrigan, and Tim Cogley. For their many helpful conversations, I thank Philip Schnabl, Corina Boar, Mike Gilraine, Martin Rotemberg, Jaroslave Borovicka, Venky Venkateswaran, Arpit Gupta, Giovanni Favara, Raven Molloy, Carlos Garriga, Juan Sanchez, Don Schlagenhauf, Miguel Faria e Castro, Julian Kozlowski, Daniel Garcia Molina, Francisco Roldan, and Priit Jeenas. I have also benefited from feedback by seminar participants at the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, and the Reserve Bank of New Zealand. A special thank you to Skylar Olsen at Zillow Research for her help in understanding the data. I gratefully acknowledge financial support for this project provided by the Macro Financial Modeling Group Dissertation Fellowship at the Becker-Friedman Institute. Part of this work was completed during PhD Dissertation Internships at the Federal Reserve Board of Governors and the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
"They needed sex to have better morale on the battlefield": A thematic analysis of the causes of rape during the Bosnian War

Mass rape is the increased level of sexual violence that occurs during conflict in comparison to the levels carried out during times of peace. An increasingly prevalent phenomenon, mass rape affects thousands of women and men every year with damaging effects. Although many theoretical explanations of the causes of mass rape have been developed, very little empirical evidence has been created to provide support for these explanations. In this vein, this thesis aims to provide analyse which of the four main theoretical explanations most accurately explains the use of mass rape during the Bosnian War. Drawing on evidence from transcripts from trials conducted by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), a thematic analysis was conducted with themes of rape as a war strategy aimed at displacing the Muslim population and communicating ethnic superiority being found. In this regard, it was seen that the strategy theory and theoretical model of violations of international law most accurately explained instances of mass rape during the Bosnian War. These findings provide support for the prosecutions carried out by the ICTY as they indicate that rape was carried out as a direct command from those in charge, signifying that those in positions of power should be predominantly prosecuted due to their role in the conflict. In order to fully understand the underlying causes of mass rape, further research into additional conflicts would need to be undertaken.
Assessing Market Volatility on Daily Stock Returns Using GARCH - Evidence from Nigeria

Adequate knowledge about the volatility, performance and efficiency of stock returns remains vital and essential information to investors. These will guide not only investment decisions but also planning for economic growth and development. Given that the Nigerian Stock Exchange has existed, its ability to generate confidence is still in doubt given the recent crash witnessed in the market. It means the confidence the exchange is expected to instill in investors is still not commensurable. It was against the forgoing that this study examined the impact on stock market returns of volatility in the Nigerian Stock market. The study adopted the ex-post facto research design and data were obtained from daily reports of the Nigerian Stock Exchange from 2 nd January, 2001 to 31 st December, 2015. The study used the ARCH/GARCH to test the hypothesis stated. The results also revealed that, there is a significant ARCH/GARCH (volatility) effect on stock market returns of the Nigerian Stock market. This is because it was revealed that for stock returns, p-value was less 0.05 and equal to zero showing that the ARCH test statistics exceeds its critical value. Therefore, ARCH/GARCH test strongly rejects the null hypothesis that there is no significant ARCH/GARCH (volatility) effect in given return of all shares index. The study thus concludes that the stock returns contained correlation in its returns or squared returns, which meant that ARCH/GARCH process was found. After testing the dataset, the models were set up and run; the parameters were estimated for each of the model with their conditional volatility. As the conditional volatility is the main ingredient for forecasting volatility and its depended on conditional variance. Then, we check the quality of our estimated parameter and volatility. First test the innovations of each, that there are any kind of correlation is present or not. It was found that there is no significant correlation and ARCH/GARCH effect was present. Therefore, models for single index that are good fitted and better, explained the market variation and volatility observed in the Nigerian Stock Market. The recommendation is that Strategies need to be designed toward reaping abnormal returns by exploiting information and actions that enhance inefficiency in stock markets thus, firms and individuals should be encouraged to buy or sell securities outside their face values, as a means of encouraging business or economic activities in the economy. Keywords: Volatility; stock market; daily returns; Nigerian Capital Market
ON SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS

Abstract — Arguments for and against combined analysis of multiple data sets in phylogenetic inference are reviewed. Simultaneous analysis of combined data better maximizes cladistic parsimony than separate analyses, hence is to be preferred. Simultaneous analysis can allow “secondary signals” to emerge because it measures strength of evidence supporting disparate results. Separate analyses are useful and of interest to understanding the differences among data sets, but simultaneous analysis provides the greatest possible explanatory power, and should always be evaluated when possible. The mechanics of simultaneous analysis are discussed.
Epidemiology and exogenous factors in nocturnal airflow limitation in children

Nocturnal symptoms are common in asthma, even when patients are regularly seen at an outpatient clinic. Inflammation is generally accepted as a general feature of asthma and the severity of this basic inflammatory process can be increased by exogenous triggers such as exposure to allergens and non-allergic stimuli. Superimposed endogenous circadian rhythms may play a more important and intricate role in the circadian modulation of the inflammatory process by changing the number of cells, their release of mediators and/or the susceptibility of airway smooth muscle and vasculature. For instance, an increase in vagal tone may induce nocturnal bronchoconstriction which is further enhanced by falling catecholamine levels. Together, the reduced nocturnal catecholamine levels and the diminished bronchodilating capacity of the NANC system and the low cortisol levels oppose possible protection against inflammatory processes leading to nocturnal airflow obstruction.