Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE QUENCHING OF SINGLET OXYGEN BY AMINO ACIDS AND PROTEINS

Abstract— The physical quenching of singlet molecular oxygen (1Δg) by amino acids and proteins in D2O solution has been measured by their inhibition of the rate of singlet oxygen oxidation of the bilirubin anion. Steady‐state singlet oxygen concentrations are produced by irradiating the oxygenated solution with the 1–06 μm output of a Nd‐YAG laser, which absorbs directly in the electronic transition 1Δg+ 1v→3Σg‐. The rate of quenching by most of the proteins studied is approximated by the sum of the quenching rates of their amino acids histidine, tryptophan and methionine, which implies that these amino acids in the protein structure are all about equally accessible to the singlet oxygen. The quenching constants differ from those obtained by the ruby‐laser methylene‐blue‐photosensitized method of generating singlet oxygen, or from the results of steady‐state methylene‐blue‐photosensitized oxidation, where singlet oxygen is assumed to be the main reactive species. The singlet oxygen quenching rates in D2O, pD 8, are (107? mol‐1 s‐1): alanine 0–2, methionine 3, tryptophan 9, histidine 17, carbonic anhydrase 85, lysozyme 150, superoxide dismutase 260, aposuperoxide dismutase 250.
In a clean high-Tc superconductor you do not see the gap.

Etude de la variation de la conductivite en fonction de la frequence de couches minces deposees par laser: apparition de l'absorption en IR moyen vers 140 cm −1 et structure dans le domaine 400-500 cm −1 . Absorption de basse energie de part et d'autre de la temperature de transition supraconductrice (T c ): il est donc peu invraisemblable qu'elles donnent la bande interdite supraconductrice dans le sens BCS usuel. Faible absorption a travers la bande interdite, car les materiaux a T c elevee sont dans la limite propre; cette faible absorption est masquee par l'absorption en IR moyen
Investigations of bifurcations of Limit Cycles in Z2-Equivariant Planar Vector Fields of Degree 5

Some distributions of limit cycles of Z2-equivariant planar perturbed Hamiltonian polynomial vector fields of degree 5 are investigated. These include examples of specific Z2-equivariant fields and Z4-equivariant fields having up to 23 limit cycles. The configurations of compound eyes are also obtained by using the bifurcation theory of planar dynamical systems and the method of detection functions.
Methamphetamine‐induced spectrin proteolysis in the rat striatum

Methamphetamine (METH) is a widely abused psychostimulant. Multiple high doses of METH cause long‐term toxicity to dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5‐HT) nerve terminals in the brain, as evidenced by decreases in DA and 5‐HT content, decreases in tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylase activities, decreases in DA and 5‐HT re‐uptake sites, and nerve terminal degeneration. Multiple high doses of METH are known to elicit a rapid increase in DA release and hyperthermia. Although METH also produces a delayed and sustained rise in glutamate, no studies have shown whether METH produces structural evidence of excitotoxicity in striatum, or identified the receptors that mediate this toxicity directly, independent of alterations in METH‐induced hyperthermia. These experiments investigated whether METH can cause excitotoxicity as evidenced by cytoskeletal protein breakdown in a glutamate receptor‐dependent manner. METH increased calpain‐mediated spectrin proteolysis in the rat striatum 5 and 7 days after METH administration without affecting caspase 3‐dependent spectrin breakdown. This effect was completely blocked with the α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist, GYKI 52466, but not the NMDA receptor antagonist, MK‐801. However, AMPA or NMDA receptor antagonism did not attenuate the METH‐induced depletions of the dopamine transporter (DAT). Independent mechanisms involved in mediating spectrin proteolysis and DAT protein loss are discussed.
Factors Influence the Satisfaction of International Students at Private Universities in Malaysia

Satisfaction of students in an educational institution has become a strategic issue for university to survive and thrive. Few studies investigate the factors that influence the international student satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to investigate the international student satisfaction. Building on the literature, the study incorporated service quality, price or fees, student-lecturer relationship, and university characteristic as independent variable affect the satisfaction of international student. Data was collected from seven private universities in Malaysia. A total of 202 respondent participated in this study. Using regression analysis, the findings of this study indicated that the most important factor is the university characteristic followed by student-lecturer relationship, prices, and service quality respectively. A practical recommendation was given to decision makers to enhance the international student satisfaction. For future research, it was suggested that to conduct qualitative studies to identify the dimension of international student satisfaction.
Brief interactive psychoeducation for caregivers of patients with early phase psychosis in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Brief psychoeducation for families of psychotic patients has been shown to significantly increase family members’ knowledge of the disorder. This increase is associated with reductions in relapse and rehospitalization. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of brief psychoeducation about schizophrenia to caregivers of patients in early phases of psychotic disorders in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Nutrition Education for Student Community Volunteers: A Comparative Study of two Different Communication Methods

Background Nutrition education for student volunteers can enhance their skills, and they can act as change agents in the community. There is a dearth of data from India on the effectiveness of different communication tools in providing nutrition education to student volunteers. Objective This study aims to examine the comparative effectiveness of two different methods of communication—lectures in the classroom aided by print material, and a televised version of a local folk-dance form—for providing nutrition education to student community volunteers in a South Indian state. Methods Interventions were conducted during two mega-camps of student volunteers (camps 1 and 2) with 70 and 137 participants, respectively. Their knowledge levels were tested at baseline. Camp 1 received the lecture intervention and camp 2 the televised folk-dance intervention. Knowledge scores were measured before and after the intervention in each camp, and the two camps were compared for significant improvements in knowledge. Results At baseline, the knowledge levels of students in both camps were comparable. Significant improvement in knowledge was observed in both camps after intervention (p < .05). Although there was no significant difference between the camps in improvement in knowledge, a significant difference was observed when only the positive increments (improvement over baseline) were compared. Conclusions The televised version of the folk-dance form was better in bringing about positive increment.
The measurement conundrum in exercise adherence research.

This paper has two purposes. It first prefaces a symposium titled "Exercise adherence and behavior change: prospects, problems, and future directions. " The symposium describes the progress made during the past 5 years toward understanding the adoption and maintenance of physical activity and exercise. Specifically, research is discussed that has tested the applicability to physical activity of four psychological models of behavior: Reasoned Action, Planned Behavior, Social-Cognitive Theory, and the Transtheoretical Model of stages of change. Recent exercise interventions in clinical/community settings also are discussed to illustrate how theoretical models can be implemented to increase and maintain exercise. The second purpose of this paper is to provide a brief summary of the contemporary literatures on the determinants of physical activity and interventions designed to increase and maintain physical activity. The summary focuses on the measurement problems that have limited the advances made in theory and application in these areas of research. Progress toward resolving the measurement problems during the past 5 years is contrasted with earlier scientific consensus.
Defective Binding of Thrombin to Platelets in Myeloid Leukaemia

Platelets from patients with myeloid leukaemia showed reduced aggregation with collagen or thrombin. These platelets also had a lower capacity to bind thrombin. This lower thrombin binding is due to a decrease in the total quantity of receptors available and not because of a change in the affinity. In the presence of the patients’plasma, the aggregation behaviour of normal platelets induced by thrombin as well as the clotting time of fibrinogen remained unchanged. The results suggest that the platelet dysfunction in myeloid leukaemia is partially due to a membrane defect involving the thrombin receptors which leads to an impaired induction of the initial stimulation.
The ultrasound study of /ɹ/ in non-native speakers

The study examines articulatory properties of the English rhotic when produced by 5 speakers of English as a Second Language born and raised in Poland. Although Polish has a rhotic in its phonemic inventory, auditorily it is different enough for the speakers to try to approximate a non-native retroflex or bunched /ɹ/ when speaking English. The quantitative results from ultrasound imaging show an array of tongue shapes and positions when producing this foreign sound. The general tendency is to produce retroflex-like /ɹ/ regardless of sex, age, time of emigration or the type of formal instruction received in ESL classes.
Correlations and fluctuations of coherent wave transmission through disordered media.

The correlation functions of the transmission coefficients for scalar wave propagation through disordered media are calculated by use of both diagrammatic techniques and numerical simulations. The calculation is valid in the diff'usive regime: multiple elastic scattering with negligible absorption or inelastic scattering and a scattering length much longer than the wavelength. In addition to the familiar large local intensity fluctuations we find a novel memory eA'ect and long-range correlations in the transmission coefficients which decay to a positive background value. Implications for light-scattering experiments are discussed.
The Drosophila erect wing gene, which is important for both neuronal and muscle development, encodes a protein which is similar to the sea urchin P3A2 DNA binding protein

The erect wing (ewg) locus of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a vital function important for the development of the nervous system and the indirect flight muscles. In order to understand the ewg function at a molecular level, cDNA clones were isolated. Sequence analysis of cDNAs revealed a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein of 733 residues. The translational start for this ORF is a CTG codon. A 225-amino-acid region of this protein is 71% identical to the DNA binding region of the Strongylocentrotus purpuratus P3A2 DNA binding protein. Additionally, the ORF contains large acidic and basic domains characteristic of those in proteins involved in nuclear regulatory functions. Immunoblot analysis using polyclonal anti-EWG antisera generated against a bacterial fusion protein reveals a single, 116-kDa protein present throughout development, beginning at approximately stage 12 of embryogenesis, which is enriched in adult heads and absent from embryos carrying certain ewg alleles. Additionally, we show that EWG is localized specifically to the nuclei of virtually all embryonic neurons. Finally, a minigene consisting of an ewg cDNA under control of the hsp70 promoter can provide the ewg function in transgenic ewg mutant flies.
PREVALENCE OF MENTAL RETARDATION RELATED TO FRAGILE X SYNDROME AND OTHER CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES THE REPUBLIC OF SAN MARINO

The prevalence of mental retardation related to chromosomal abnormalities, including fragile × syndrome, was studied among 2735 males aged between five and 20 years living in the Republic of San Marino. Five cases of chromosomal abnormalities were found, including one case with fragile × syndrome, with partial epilepsy and a CT scan showing a large arachnoid cyst in the posterior fossa. The prevalence of mental retardation due to chromosomal abnormality was 1 · 83 per 1000, and that due to fragile × syndrome was 0 · 37 per 1000. Although these findings relate to only a small population, they are the first from a Mediterranean area.
Treatment of Overactive Bladder with Once-daily Extended-release Tolterodine or Oxybutynin: The Antimuscarinic Clinical Effectiveness Trial (ACET)

Summary Treatment with the antimuscarinic agents tolterodine and oxybutynin is the mainstay of therapy for overactive bladder, a chronic and debilitating condition characterized by urinary urgency with or without urge incontinence, usually in combination with urinary frequency and nocturia. This study consisted of two trials; in one, patients with overactive bladder were randomized to 8 weeks of open-label treatment with either 2 mg or 4 mg of once-daily extended-release tolterodine (TER), and in the other to 5 mg or 10 mg of extended-release oxybutynin (OER). The study protocol and design were identical for the two trials and site selection ensured that there was no bias in either trial for the tendency of investigators to prescribe one drug rather than the other, or for geographical location. A total of 1289 patients were enrolled, 669 in the tolterodine trial (TER 2 mg, n = 333; TER 4 mg, n = 336) and 620 in the oxybutynin trial (OER 5 mg, n = 313; OER 10 mg, n = 307). Fewer patients prematurely withdrew from the trial in the TER 4 mg group (12%) than either the OER 5 mg (19%; p = 0.01) or OER 10 mg groups (21%; p = 0.002). More patients in the OER 10 mg group than the TER 4 mg group withdrew because of poor tolerability (13% vs 6%; p = 0.001). After 8 weeks, 70% of patients in the TER 4 mg group perceived an improved bladder condition, compared with 60% in the TER 2 mg group, 59% in the OER 5 mg group and 60% in the OER 10 mg group (all p < 0.01 vs TER 4 mg). Response to therapy was greater in a subgroup of patients whose perception of bladder condition was moderate to severe at baseline (TER 4 mg 77% vs OER 10 mg 65%; p < 0.01). Dry mouth was dose-dependent with both agents, although differences between doses only reached statistical significance in the oxybutynin trial (OER 5 mg vs OER 10 mg; p = 0.05). Patients treated with TER 4 mg reported a significantly lower severity of dry mouth compared with OER 10 mg. In conclusion, the greater efficacy and tolerability of tolterodine ER 4 mg suggests improved clinical effectiveness compared with oxybutynin ER 10 mg.
Absolute instability of the von Kármán, Bödewadt and Ekman flows between a rotating disc and a stationary lid

The stability of a family of boundary-layer flows, which includes the von Kármán, Bödewadt and Ekman flows for a rotating incompressible fluid between a rotating disc and a stationary lid, is investigated. Numerical computations with the use of a spectral method are carried out to analyse absolute and convective instability. It is shown that the stability of the system is enhanced with a decrease in distance between the disc and the lid.
The impact of genetic factors on response to glucocorticoids therapy in IBD

ABSTRACT Glucocorticosteroids (GCs) are used for many years as first-line drugs for the achievement of remission in exacerbations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, close to 20% of patients are resistant to GCs, and 40% of patients become dependent on GCs. The challenge of today’s personalized medicine is the anticipation of the steroid therapy effects even before the initiation of treatment. As several studies show, individually variable response to GCs in population has a genetic background and may depend on gene variability encoding proteins involved in the function and metabolism of GCs. To those genes belong: NR3C1 – responsible for the synthesis of GC receptor (GR); Hsp90, HSP70, STIP1, FKB5 – genes of GR protein complex; ABCB1 and IPO13 coding glycoprotein p170; and importin 13 – involved in GCs transport; IL1A, IL1B, IL2, IL4, IL8, IL10, TNF, and MIF – genes of the epithelial pro-inflammatory factors synthesis, which excessive activation causes steroid resistance as well as CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 – encoding GCs biotransformation enzymes. This work systematizes and sums up the state of current knowledge in the field of pharmacogenetics as well as expectations for the future in the realm of individualized medicine in IBD patients treated with GC drugs.
Direct MS measurement of the extract of Ligularia virgaurea collected in Yunnan and Sichuan provinces of China.

INTRODUCTION There are numerous Ligularia species in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and adjacent areas. L. virgaurea has been used as a traditional folk medicine for the treatment of stomachache and nausea. Objective - To analyse chemical constituents of L. virgaurea, grown in Yunnan and Sichuan provinces of China. METHODOLOGY The direct MS measurement of the crude extract of plant samples was used for grouping of this species. As the main compounds were available in pure form, the main peaks were analysed by LCMS. RESULTS An easy and speedy method of analysis using MS spectra was developed. On the basis of the findings, L. virgaurea could be divided into two groups. The genetic studies also supported this grouping. Type 1 mainly includes virgaurenones and virgaurenolides. The MS of type 2 is quite different because it includes mainly ligularol and its congeners. Both MS were easily distinguished. CONCLUSION The crude extracts of 11 L. virgaurea samples already collected in recent years were analysed and it was possible to identify them as type 1 or 2. This method was applied to three samples collected in 2009 to successfully classify them as either type 1 or 2.
Effect of human immunodeficiency virus on hepatitis C virus infection among injecting drug users.

To assess the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) immunosuppression on ongoing hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, CD4 lymphocyte counts and serum concentrations of HCV RNA, HIV RNA, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were evaluated among members of a cohort of injecting drug users (IDUs). With 100 participants randomly selected at various stages of HIV-related immunosuppression, serum HCV RNA concentrations increased with age (P = .007) and were higher in HIV-positive IDUs with 201-500 (P = .026) and 51-200 (P = .004) CD4 cells/mL than in HIV-negative participants. Among 27 HCV-infected IDUs who acquired HIV infection, serum HCV RNA concentrations varied between semiannual visits by a mean of 0.45 logs, increasing by 0.60 logs after HIV seroconversion (P < .0001), by 0.12 logs each subsequent year (P = .006), and by 0.36 logs per log increase in CD4 cells (P = .01). Serum ALT levels were similar between HIV-positive (40.1 IU/mL) and HIV-negative (45.4 IU/mL) patients (P > .10). While HIV infection and possibly HIV progression are associated with increased HCV RNA levels, other factors appear to affect biochemical and virologic markers of HCV infection in some dually infected persons.
The proposal of can loss estimation method of canned motor

This paper describes the canned motor of the representation rank of the shieldless pump of common liquids, such as water, oil, and a medical fluid. And the new method of measurement the eddy current loss of CAN in the partition for escape prevention of liquid is proposed. This is a very important theme as global environment problems from now on. In the business world, these technical data is very important technology. And the research and know-how are desired strongly. So, the simple CANLOSS measuring device which we devised is proposed here. This paper measured the CAN loss of integral-type pump motor.
HPV prevalence and p16INKa overexpression in non-smoking non-drinking oral cavity cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE Our aim was to compare HPV and p16INK4a (p16) expression and their influence on survival and prognosis in oral cavity squamous cell cancer (OCSCC), between non-smokers and non-drinkers (NSND) and smokers and drinkers (SD). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Patients with OCSCC treated with surgery from 2000 to 2010 were included in the study. Patients who did not smoke at all or smoked less than 10 pack per years and did not drink alcohol on a daily basis were considered the NSND group. An equal number of SD were the control group. HPV presence was determined from paraffin-embedded blocks investigated by PCR analysis. p16 expression was evaluated with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The NSND group were mostly younger or older female patients with tongue or gingival cancers. p16 expression was significantly more frequent in NSND patients (27% vs 10%). Patients with stronger p16 expression had significantly worse survival, especially for tongue cancers (P = 0.026). In Cox multivariate analysis, both HPV and p16 expression carried a negative prognosis for NSND patients (P = 0.0351 and P = 0.0260). CONCLUSIONS NSND are a specific population of OCSCC patients. In contrast to oropharyngeal cancer, HPV and p16 expression in OCSCC are negative predictive factors, especially in NSND patients.
Sleep, obesity, and weight loss in adults: Is there a rationale for providing sleep interventions in the treatment of obesity?

Abstract Rates of obesity and sleep disturbances are substantial in adults. A number of cross-sectional, longitudinal, and experimental studies have found that insufficient sleep and possibly longer sleep are associated with obesity and related eating patterns. Methodological discrepancies and limitations in the literature create ambiguity about the nature and potential mechanisms underlying these relationships. Insomnia and circadian patterns in eating and sleeping have also been examined in relation to weight. Although these studies are not as extensive as those examining sleep duration, the extant literature suggests possible associations between obesity and both insomnia (particularly when combined with short sleep duration) and circadian eating behaviours. However, research has only just begun to examine the benefits of combining sleep interventions with obesity treatment. The goal of the current review is to summarize research examining behavioural sleep patterns and disorders in relation to obesity, to discuss methodological considerations, and to provide an overview of studies examining whether addressing sleep disturbances can augment weight loss treatment effects. We conclude that future studies are needed that take into account sleep duration, sleep disorder co-morbidity, and chronobiology to explore the impact of sleep interventions on weight loss.
The Free Cash Flow Anomaly Revisited: Finnish Evidence

This paper examines the performance of an investment strategy based on free cash flows using financial statement data of Finnish companies during the period 1992-2002. The analysis in this paper is motivated by the so-called free cash flow anomaly previously documented e.g. in Hackel, Livnat and Rai (2000) . Using annual financial statement information, we identify large-capitalization companies with positive free cash flows, low free cash flow multiples, and low financial leverage. Since a portfolio of these companies is found to consistently outperform the market index, our results suggest that the free cash flow anomaly also exists in the Finnish stock market. Copyright 2006 The Authors Journal compilation (c) 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.