Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-Risk But Not Low-Risk HPV E2 Proteins Bind to the APC Activators Cdh1 and Cdc20 and Cause Genomic Instability

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) from the high-risk group are associated with cervicalcancer, in contrast to HPVs from the low-risk group which are associated with benignlesions. Here, we show that high-risk, but not low-risk HPV E2 proteins, promote amitotic block, often followed by metaphase-specific apoptosis, and which is independentof the viral oncogenes E6 and E7. High-risk HPV E2-expressing cells also showpolyploidy, chromosomal mis-segregation and centrosome amplification leading togenomic instability. We link these defects to a specific and unusually strong interactionbetween high-risk E2 and both Cdc20 and Cdh1, two activators of the AnaphasePromoting Complex (APC), abnormal localization of Cdh1, and accumulation of APCsubstrates like cyclin B, in vivo. The finding that high-risk, but not low-risk HPV E2proteins, induce genomic instability, raises the intriguing possibility that E2 proteinsplay a role in the oncogenic potential of high-risk papillomaviruses.
The Impact of Product Type and Perceived Characteristics of the Web on Multifaceted Online Shopping Behavior

Consumer behavior research has shown disappointing results regarding the overall use of the Web for online shopping, despite its considerable promise as a channel for commerce. One of the major reasons for this untapped potential is that companies often lack an adequate understanding of how consumers use the Web to support their multifaceted shopping activities. In particular, consumers may perceive some characteristics of the technology as beneficial and others as only marginally useful because they engage in a variety of online shopping activities. We develop three constructs that make up a user's perceived characteristics of the Web (PCW) as they relate to the consumer's perceptions of the value of online shopping: perceived employability, relative advantage, and riskiness. These perceptions may differ depending on the type of product or service for which the consumer is interested, as well as the specific tasks in which the consumer is engaged. We conducted a large-scale Web survey that included the three PCW constructs associated with Web technology, three product/service categories, and three types of shopping behaviors. The results indicate that Internet users' perceived characteristics of the Web, as compared with other shopping channels, significantly influences all three levels of channel adoption behavior studied. Further, these channel adoption behaviors differ across product and service types. The implications for online storefront designers and net-enabled commerce researchers are discussed.
Use of Alignment-Free Phylogenetics for Rapid Genome Sequence-Based Typing of Helicobacter pylori Virulence Markers and Antibiotic Susceptibility

ABSTRACT Whole-genome sequencing is becoming a leading technology in the typing and epidemiology of microbial pathogens, but the increase in genomic information necessitates significant investment in bioinformatic resources and expertise, and currently used methodologies struggle with genetically heterogeneous bacteria such as the human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori. Here we demonstrate that the alignment-free analysis method feature frequency profiling (FFP) can be used to rapidly construct phylogenetic trees of draft bacterial genome sequences on a standard desktop computer and that coupling with in silico genotyping methods gives useful information for comparative and clinical genomic and molecular epidemiology applications. FFP-based phylogenetic trees of seven gastric Helicobacter species matched those obtained by analysis of 16S rRNA genes and ribosomal proteins, and FFP- and core genome single nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis of 63 H. pylori genomes again showed comparable phylogenetic clustering, consistent with genomotypes assigned by using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Analysis of 377 H. pylori genomes highlighted the conservation of genomotypes and linkage with phylogeographic characteristics and predicted the presence of an incomplete or nonfunctional cag pathogenicity island in 18/276 genomes. In silico analysis of antibiotic susceptibility markers suggests that most H. pylori hspAmerind and hspEAsia isolates are predicted to carry the T2812C mutation potentially conferring low-level clarithromycin resistance, while levels of metronidazole resistance were similar in all multilocus sequence types. In conclusion, the use of FFP phylogenetic clustering and in silico genotyping allows determination of genome evolution and phylogeographic clustering and can contribute to clinical microbiology by genomotyping for outbreak management and the prediction of pathogenic potential and antibiotic susceptibility.
Performance of Walsh-Hadamard transformed STBC OFDM system

We study the performance of a Walsh-Hadamard transformed (WHT) space-time block coded (STBC) OFDM system, which we refer as the WHT-STBC-OFDM system. We show that, with the WHT transform, the error performance of the STBC coded OFDM system can be improved in terms of both bit error rate (BER) and packet error rate (PER) through simple linear detection. In (L. Zhongding et al., IEEE Vehic. Tech. Conf. vol.1, p.637-640, 2003), an iterative detection scheme is proposed for a WHT-OFDM system, where significant improvement can be achieved through only linear processing. We extent the algorithm to WHT-STBC-OFDM systems and show that the BER and PER can be further reduced through iterations.
TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS, * A Report of 42 Cases.

TOXIC epidermal necrolysis is a dramatic disorder of which there have been very few recorded cases. It was given this name by LyeU in 1956 when he described four cases seen in adults. In a typical case the patient is ill, dehydrated and hstless. The eruption usually starts on the face or neck. The skin becomes tender and erythematous, and this rapidly spreads to involve large areas of the face and neck and is often most marked in the limb flexures. Following the erythema, flaccid buUae develop, Nikolsky's sign is positive. There may be mueosal lesions. Histologically the main abnormality is necrosis of the epidermis. Changes in tlie dermis are minimal and probably secondary. This disorder has been thought to be due to drug hypersensitivity (Wallier, 1962) but more recently infection has been considered to be of major aetiological importance by Tyson et al. (1966) and Holzel and Jacobs (1966), with Staphylococcus pyogenes (phage type 71) as the causative factor, I report here forty-two cases seen over a period of five years in a large children's hospital.
Uterine first pass effect in postmenopausal women.

BACKGROUND Vaginally administered drugs distribute preferentially to the uterus; counter-current transfer from the vaginal veins to the uterine artery probably plays a pivotal role. In each side, the ovarian and uterine arteries form arterial anastomoses and controversy exists regarding the origin of the arterial supply to the Fallopian tube and tubal part of the uterus, and consequently whether these tissues can be reached through vaginal administration. METHODS A thermocatheter with four measurement points, each separated by 5 mm, was inserted under endoscopic control into the tubal corner of uterus in 10 conscious, menopausal women and the temperatures registered every 2 s. The vagina was then flushed for 15 min with 1.5 l of saline at room temperature, after which the probe position was re-assessed by the endoscope. RESULTS The lowest measurement point (15 mm from the tip) cooled significantly more than the other points (P < 0.0001). At 15 min, mean temperature reduction at point 4 was significantly greater than at all other measurement points (P < 0.05) due to local transfer of cold from vaginal vein blood to the uterine arterial blood (but not the ovarian artery). CONCLUSIONS The results support the theory that, at least in postmenopausal women, the uterine artery supplies most of the uterus while the corneal part of cavity (up to 5-10 mm from the ostium) receives the blood supply from the ovarian artery. This finding represents a rationale for vaginal administration of drugs when a local effect on the uterus (e.g. progestational or relaxation) in postmenopausal women is requested.
Commentary: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Fractional Laser Therapy and Dermabrasion for Scar Resurfacing

This well-thought-out study comparing postMohs scars treated using dermabrasion or fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) resurfacing side to side in the same patient is the first direct comparison against the accepted criterion standard of dermabrasion. Holmkvist and Rogers’ study of rhytides of the upper lip contrasted the two before, and the outcomes were the same for the two methods, albeit with less morbidity with dermabrasion, but in that study, the CO2 was ablative, not fractional.
Induction by specific T lymphocytes of intracellular destruction of Leishmania major in infected murine macrophages

Summary The following cell populations derived from lymph nodes of mice primed in vivo with living Leishmania major promastigotes were tested for their capacity to induce parasiticidal activity in L. major‐infected macrophages: a L. major‐primed lymph node cells, draining lymph node cells from mice primed by a subcutaneous injection of living L. major in Freund's Complete Adjuvant; b L. major‐specific T blasts, i.e. blast T cells resulting from in vitro challenge of primed lymph node cells with L. major, c propagated L. major specific T blasts, i.e. blast T cells after propagation in vitro in antigen‐free medium containing interleukin‐2. Results indicate that cocultivation of these L. major specific lymphocyte populations with infected peritoneal exudate macrophages induced progressive destruction of intracellular L. major. This effect was antigen specific since similar populations obtained from mice primed either with ovalbumin or bovine serum albumin did not induce significant parasite killing. The various lymphocyte populations examined did not express cytolytic activity for syngeneic macrophages infected with L. major when tested in a short‐term 51Cr release assay. These negative results could not be attributed to an inability of infected macrophages to be lysed by cytolytic lymphocytes since cytolytic T lymphocytes directed to H‐2 alloantigens present on macrophages were perfectly capable of lysing these infected macrophages as revealed in a 4 h 5lCr release assay. Interestingly, infected macrophages from either BALB/c (H‐2d), NZB (H‐2d) or CBA (H‐2k) mice were lysed by cytolytic T lymphocytes specific for their respective H‐2 alloantigens as well as uninfected macrophages. These results suggest that H‐2 expression on the surface of infected macrophages from either L. major susceptible or resistant mouse strains is sufficient to be detected by allogeneic cytoloytic T lymphocytes.
Doping of TiO 2 for sensitized solar cells

This review gives a detailed summary and evaluation of the use of TiO2 doping to improve the performance of dye sensitized solar cells. Doping has a major effect on the band structure and trap states of TiO2, which in turn affect important properties such as the conduction band energy, charge transport, recombination and collection. The defect states of TiO2 are highly dependent on the synthesis method and thus the effect of doping may vary for different synthesis techniques, making it difficult to compare the suitability of different dopants. High-throughput methods may be employed to achieve a rough prediction on the suitability of dopants for a specific synthesis method. It was however found that nearly every employed dopant can be used to increase device performance, indicating that the improvement is not so much caused by the dopant itself, as by the defects it eliminates from TiO2. Furthermore, with the field shifting from dye sensitized solar cells to perovskite solar cells, the role doping can play to further advance this emerging field is also discussed.
Correction of the hyper-IgM syndrome after liver and bone marrow transplantation.

The hyper-IgM syndrome, a rare form of combined primary immunodeficiency, is characterized by neutropenia and defective B-cell isotype switching, which results in elevated or normal levels of serum IgM and low levels of serum IgG, IgA, and IgE.1 Clinically, patients with the syndrome have serious pyogenic infections caused by encapsulated bacteria, suggestive of the presence of humoral immunodeficiency. They are also susceptible to infections with intracellular pathogens such as Pneumocystis carinii, Cryptosporidium parvum, and leishmania, because of a possible defect in cellular immunity.2,3 The inheritance is usually X-linked, but autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant forms have also been documented.
From Rags to Ri‡es: Deprivation, Con‡ict and the Welfare State

Historical evidence suggests that poor population groups are more likely to engage in con‡ict. We construct a theoretical model of the choice between appropriation and production. Fully speci…ed production functions allow for both symmetrical outcomes and for introducing inequalities in abilities and endowments. First, it is shown that groups with lower total factor productivity or fewer endowments are more likely to choose appropriative activities. Then, it is examined under what conditions income and capital redistribution, as well as education, health and poverty-alleviation spending reduce the incentives for appropriation. Finally, empirical evidence is presented that is consistent with the theory.
Psychosocial adjustment to lower-limb amputation: A review

Purpose: To review the existing literature on the social and psychological challenges faced by people with an amputation and to provide a detailed analysis of the literature examining psychological adjustment to these challenges across time. Method: Existing papers on psychological adjustment to amputation were analysed according to their results, methodology, and conclusions. Results: Although depression and anxiety are relatively high up to 2 years post-amputation, they appear to decline thereafter to general population norms. However, social discomfort and body-image anxiety have also been found among some people with amputations, and these have been associated with increased activity restriction, depression, and anxiety. Factors associated with positive adjustment to limb loss include greater time since amputation, more social support, greater satisfaction with the prosthesis, active coping attempts, an optimistic personality disposition, a lower level of amputation in the case of lower limbs, and lower levels of phantom limb pain and stump pain. Conclusion: The majority of studies on adjustment to amputation are cross-sectional in design and have used non-comparable measures. Furthermore, they have neglected to study many important areas of rehabilitation, including immediate reaction to amputation, adjustment during and shortly after the rehabilitation period, and development of a changed sense of self and identity. In order to address these concerns, more longitudinal and qualitative research is called for. We end by outlining the components of a descriptive phased model of the rehabilitation process.
Effects of d-amphetamine sulfate given to pregnant mice on activity and on catecholamines in the brains of offspring.

Offspring of C57BL/6J mice injected with d-amphetamine sulfate during the last third of pregnancy had slightly reduced body weight at birth, altered concentrations of catecholamines (CA's) in their brains during development, and increased activity after they had matured. Norepinephrine concentrations were depressed at birth, returned to control values by Day 3, and were elevated at 21 and 30 days after birth. Dopamine values were elevated at 30 days after birth. At 75 days of age, animals prenatally exposed to the drug had CA concentrations similar to controls, but had heightened activity levels compared to controls tested in the open field. The results of these experiments demonstrate that d-amphetamine sulfate administered to mice during the last third of pregnancy produce transient alterations in CA concentrations and long-lasting changes in behavior.
Activation of LXRs prevents bile acid toxicity and cholestasis in female mice

Liver X receptors (LXRs) have been identified as sterol sensors that regulate cholesterol and lipid homeostasis and macrophage functions. In this study, we found that LXRs also affect sensitivity to bile acid toxicity and cholestasis. Activation of LXRα in transgenic mice confers a female‐specific resistance to lithocholic acid (LCA)–induced hepatotoxicity and bile duct ligation (BDL)–induced cholestasis. This resistance was also seen in wild‐type female mice treated with the synthetic LXR ligand TO1317. In contrast, LXR double knockout (DKO) mice deficient in both the α and β isoforms exhibited heightened cholestatic sensitivity. LCA and BDL resistance in transgenic mice was associated with increased expression of bile acid–detoxifying sulfotransferase 2A (Sult2a) and selected bile acid transporters, whereas basal expression of these gene products was reduced in the LXR DKO mice. Promoter analysis showed that the mouse Sult2a9 gene is a transcriptional target of LXRs. Activation of LXRs also suppresses expression of oxysterol 7α‐hydroxylase (Cyp7b1), which may lead to increased levels of LXR‐activating oxysterols. Conclusion: We propose that LXRs have evolved to have the dual functions of maintaining cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis by increasing cholesterol catabolism and, at the same time, preventing toxicity from bile acid accumulation. (HEPATOLOGY 2007;45:422–432.)
Issues that support the creation of ICT workarounds: towards a theoretical understanding of feral information systems

enterprise system (ES) software is often supplemented independently by end users who develop personal solutions that establish connections between the required business practices and the ES. One solution is a type of information and communications technology workaround, a feral information system (FIS) – defined as a workaround designed to achieve certain requirements by using any information technology tool that an end user uses in conjunction with, or instead of, the mandated information system. To explore this, we conducted a case study at a large utility company. We conclude that feral information systems are not a behavioural deviance. FISs are by‐products of end users seeking operational efficiency, namely, to nullify additional transactional costs imposed by the ES. Our findings suggest that end users of ES will fall into one of four modes of operation: mode 1, where end users submit to the ES; mode 2, where they dismiss the ES; mode 3, where they develop an FIS that remains hidden from the ES proponents; and mode 4, where they operate the FIS in open defiance of the ES proponents. In this research, we deliberately take the practitioner view and, therefore, outline how different pressures help to create an FIS as a response to a poorly mandated ES. We also make a theoretical contribution by exploring issues that lead to workarounds and suggest that future research into these modes of operation can be theorized in future proposed studies.
An 85-GHz injection-locked frequency divider with current-reuse pre-amplifier technique

In this paper, the design of an 85-GHz injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) with a current-reuse pre-amplifier is presented. Utilizing a current-reuse pre-amplifier can efficiently increase the input frequency locking range without extra power consumption. The divider is implemented in 90-nm CMOS technology for W-band (75 to 110 GHz) applications. The core area is 0.31×0.21 mm2, and the measured operation range is 78 ∼ 90.6 GHz. The center frequency is 85 GHz and the locking range is 14.8%. The power is 2.33 mW excluding buffers from a 1.2 V supply voltage.
Effect of exercise training in heart rate variability, anxiety, depression, and sleep quality in kidney recipients: A preliminary study

The aim of this study was to compare the sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and autonomic function of a group of kidney-transplanted recipients who joined a combined exercise program (KTRt) or remained sedentary (KTRs). A total of 20 kidney-transplanted recipients, split into two groups (10 KTRt and 10 KTRs), joined the study. Heart rate variability, cardiorespiratory capacity, depression, and sleep questionnaires were evaluated. KTRt presented lower Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and greater entropy, and increased parasympathetic and decreased sympathetic modulation than KTRs. Anxiety level was minimal and depression was absent in both groups. KTRt group presented better sleep quality and better autonomic modulation than KTRs.
Blood Pressure in Children with Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome during Oedema and after Steroid Therapy: The Influence of Familial Essential Hypertension

Aims: To verify the variations of blood pressure in children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome and to correlate the blood pressure with familial history of essential hypertension. Methods: We measured blood pressure in 49 prepubertal nephrotic children, 17 females and 32 males, in the first week of oedema, and after 4 weeks of ISKDC (International Study of Kidney Disease in Children) standard steroid therapy. The children were divided into two groups: one with and the other without familial history of essential hypertension. Results: Among all the patients, 65% showed systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure higher than the 90th percentile at the first assessment. Among the children with a familial history of essential hypertension, in the oedematous phase of the nephrotic syndrome, 88% showed blood pressure higher than the 90th percentile and no children showed blood pressure lower than the 75th percentile. After therapy, the percentage of children with blood pressure higher than the 90th percentile was 52%. In the group with a negative familial history, at the onset 53% showed blood pressure over the 90th percentile. After 4 weeks of therapy, the percentage of children with blood pressure higher than the 90th percentile was 34%. Conclusions: Our study reveals the influence of familial essential hypertension in the oedematous phase of the nephrotic syndrome in children.