Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CePdAl - a Kondo lattice with partial frustration

Magnetic frustration, which is well-defined in insulating systems with localized magnetic moments, yields exotic ground states like spin ices, spin glasses, or spin liquids. In metals magnetic frustration is less well defined because of the incipient delocalization of magnetic moments by the interaction with conduction electrons, viz., the Kondo effect. Hence, the Kondo effect and magnetic frustration are antithetic phenomena. Here we present experimental data of electrical resistivity, magnetization, specific heat and neutron diffraction on CePdAl, which is one of the rare examples of a geometrically frustrated Kondo lattice, demonstrating that the combination of Kondo effect and magnetic frustration leads to an unusual ground state.
West versus East: Early globalization and thr great divergence [Oeste frente a Este: Globalización temprana y gran divergencia]

This paper extends our previous work on grain market integration across Europe and the Americas in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (Dobado, Garcia-Hiernaux and Guerrero, 2012). By using the same econometric methodology, we now present: 1) a search for statistical evidence in the East of an “Early Globalization” comparable to the one ongoing in the West by mid eighteenth century; 2) a study on the integration of grain markets in China and Japan and its functioning in comparison to Western countries; 3) a discussion of the relevance of our findings for the debate on the Great Divergence. Our main conclusions are: 1) substantial differences in the degree of integration and the functioning of grain markets are observed between East and West; 2) a certain degree of integration may be reached through different combinations of factors (agents, policies, etc.) and with dissimilar effects on long-run economic growth; 3) the absence of an “Early Globalization” in the East reveals the existence of some economic and institutional limitations in this part of the world and contributed to its “Great Divergence” with the West from at least the eighteenth century.
Isotope effects between hydrogen and deuterium microwave plasmas on chemical vapor deposition homoepitaxial diamond growth

This article shows that replacing hydrogen with deuterium improves the quality of microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition homoepitaxial diamond. Suppression of point defects in the bulk and of nonepitaxial crystallites and increasing of free-exciton emission intensity were revealed by electron paramagnetic resonance, optical microscopy, and cathodoluminescence, respectively. The isotope effects on the etching rate of diamond by deuterium are also revealed. The isotope effects are discussed from the viewpoint of etching effects.
Detrital zircon geochronology of Cordilleran retroarc foreland basin strata, western North America

We present a compilation of 8717 U‐Pb analyses from 95 detrital zircon samples of Jurassic‐Eocene North American Cordillera foreland basin strata. Of these samples, 30 are new and previously unpublished. Variation in detrital zircon age spectra between samples records erosion or recycling of basement and cover rocks within the Cordilleran orogenic wedge. Each sample can be classified into one of six major provenance groups, whose age spectra suggest derivation from (1) Mesozoic eolianites of the western United States, (2) Paleozoic passive margin strata of the western United States, (3) Paleozoic passive margin strata of western Canada, (4) the Mogollon Highlands, (5) the Cordilleran magmatic arc, or (6) Yavapai‐Mazatzal Province crystalline basement rocks. Referencing these provenance interpretations to their location and stratigraphic deposition age produces a detailed spatial and temporal record of sediment dispersal within the foreland basin system. Late Jurassic provenance is dominated by recycling of Mesozoic eolianites from sources in the Sevier thrust belt. Cretaceous‐Eocene provenance is dominated by recycling of the passive margin, with increasing complexity upsection. We interpret that this provenance transition records a basin‐wide unroofing sequence. A composite age‐probability plot of 1539 young (<250 Ma) detrital zircons reveals at least four age‐abundance peaks that we interpret to represent periodic high‐flux magmatism in the Cordilleran arc.
Lineages of Despotism and Development: British Colonialism and State Power

Traditionally, social scientists have assumed that past imperialism hinders the future development prospects of colonized nations. Challenging this widespread belief, Matthew Lange argues in "Lineages of Despotism and Development" that countries once under direct British imperial control have developed more successfully than those that were ruled indirectly. Combining statistical analysis with in-depth case studies of former British colonies, this volume argues that direct rule promoted cogent and coherent states with high levels of bureaucratization and inclusiveness, which contributed to implementing development policy during late colonialism and independence. On the other hand, Lange finds that indirect British rule created weak, patrimonial states that preyed on their own populations. Firmly grounded in the tradition of comparative-historical analysis while offering fresh insight into the colonial roots of uneven development, "Lineages of Despotism and Development" will interest economists, sociologists, and political scientists alike.
MORPHOMETRY OF THE URSUS SPELAEUS REMAINS FROM VALSTRONA (NORTHERN ITALY)

Morp hometric analyses on cave bear fossils of the Valstrona-Valsesia region (Piedmont, Northern Italy) (in particular from the Delle Streghe Cave), allow the distinction of at least two or three populations of Ursus spelaeus Rosenmuller, 1794, of different sizes. Elements of smaller size are likely to be found in the Buco dell’Orso Cave (Laglio, Como province, Lombardy), and in the older strata of the Grotta Sopra Fontana Marella ‐GSFM- (Varese province). Differences in size can be linked to the chronological position of the fossils studied: in fact, fossils of smaller dimensions should be chronologically older, but can also be linked to climatic and thermoregulation factors. The increase of size could represent a response to a cooler climate. An alternative hypothesis associates this reduction of size to the cooler climatic shift. Observations on the Delle Streghe Cave fossils indicate that they are very similar to those inferred for the GSFM population, linking this trend to climatic variation. The reason for an increase in size could also be linked to the rapid evolution of the cave bears and the Delle Streghe fossils should cover a chronological range approximately similar to the fossils from GSFM.
Galls as a Disputed Resource for Female Parasitoid Wasps Contests

We investigated how the parasitoid Torymus sp. (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) attacking galls of Schismatodiplosis lantanae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Lantana camara (Verbenaceae) behaves in the presence of a conspecific female competitor in the patch. Presence of a competitor greatly changed resident exploitation behavior. Wasps alone spent more time in gall exploitation behaviors (walk-antennate and probe) and in post-oviposition behaviors (stationary and groom), and when intruders were present they spent more time walking. The attack strategy was through threatening: raising wings and pointing the antennae towards the opponent. Different from theoretical expectations, residents were not always the attacker. Number of galls in the patch and female wasp size did not affect contest outcomes, although gall exploitation time and time on leaf were significant factors for the probability of having attacks. Overall, the study highlights the fact that intruder interest in the host was the main cause of contests and also this is a unique report both in terms of the target species and the nature of the disputed resource, a gall-inducer inside a singular spatial unit, the gall.
eu FUNCTIONALS ON BV SPACE WITH CARATHÉODORY INTEGRANDS USING CONVEX DUALITY

Abstract: We define nonlinear functionals ∫ Ω φ(x,Du) for u ∈ BV (Ω), by using the convex dual φ∗(x, q) of Carathéodory functions φ(x, p), φ : Ω × R → R, that for a.e. x ∈ Ω are convex and of a linear growth condition in p. Without the usual assumption of continuity in the x variable, we state conditions on φ in which ∫ Ω φ(x,Du) is lower semicontinuous and compact in L, when ∫ Ω φ(x,Du) = ∫ Ω φ(x,∇u) dx for all u ∈ W 1,1 (Ω) , and when the formula ∫ Ω φ(x,Du) = ∫ Ω φ(x,∇u) dx + ∫ Ω ψ(x)|Du| holds for u ∈ BV (Ω). Additionally, we do not use the theory of convex functions of measures nor Reshetnyak continuity as is most commonly done in the literature. Such functionals have important applications to image restoration.
Identifying Expectation Errors in Value/Glamour Strategies: A Fundamental Analysis Approach

It is well established that value stocks outperform glamour stocks, yet considerable debate exists about whether the return differential reflects compensation for risk or mispricing. Under mispricing explanations, prices of glamour (value) firms reflect systematically optimistic (pessimistic) expectations; thus, the value/glamour effect should be concentrated (absent) among firms with (without) ex ante identifiable expectation errors. Classifying firms based upon whether expectations implied by current pricing multiples are congruent with the strength of their fundamentals, we document that value/glamour returns and ex post revisions to market expectations are predictably concentrated (absent) among firms with ex ante biased (unbiased) market expectations. The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Society for Financial Studies. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. , Oxford University Press.
Determinants of Food Security Among Rice Farming Households in the Province of Bali : An Ordered Logistic Model

This study aims to investigate food security at household level and to identify the socio-economic factors that affect the levels of food security among households of lowland rice farmers. Research was conducted in three district centers of rice production in the province of Bali, i.e. Buleleng, Gianyar and Tabanan. Samples were taken by multistage sampling of 216 respondents consisting of 122 ICM alumni and 94 non-ICM alumni. The data for the study were obtained with the aid of a structured questionnaire survey randomly administered to rural farming households in the districts. Household food security was measured by cross classification of the share of food expenditure and consumption of energy. The socio-economic factors that affected household food security levels were estimated using ordered logistic regression. The result showed that in the aggregate 49.07% of the households were categorized as secure, 37.9% as vulnerable, 8.79% as insufficient, and 4.17% as insecure. The analysis showed that housewives education, incomes and household food reserves had a significantly positive effect on the level of food security whereas family size, the prices of rice and instant noodles had a significantly negative effect. The food security level of the ICM alumni was higher than that of the non-ICM alumni. Keywords : food security, households, lowland rice, integrated crop management (ICM)
Do fertilizers and cropland influence the agricultural production value in the same way? Evidence using the autoregressive distributed lags approach of cointegration

Cropland and fertilizers are two prominent and non-spared factors of agricultural sustainable production. This study mainly aimed to examine the response of crop production value to cropland used and chemical fertilizers supplied by using the Autoregressive Distributed Lags approach of cointegration over the period 1980 to 2016. The bound test and the error correction term showed that the amount of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) consumed, the optimal ratio N-P-K applied, the amount of hectares cultivated for temporary and permanent crops are strongly linked to the growth of crop production value. The results may be analyzed following three ways: in the long-term, both cropland used and fertilizers ratio supplied appear greatly to induce a positive impact; in the short-term, the previous farming activity on a cropland might provide a positive influence; even though fertilizers’ ratio supplied may not induce a substantial effect in the short-term, however, fertilizers nutrient supplied solely may impact the production value. In addition, the number of machines and the labor force are shown to foster the growth of crop production value in the long-term and short-term respectively. For the sake of agricultural sustainability, the findings support a farming system including a complementarity between multi-planting with high nitrogen nutrient requirements, trees plantation (agroforestry) and mechanization. Key words: Fertilizer, cropland, crop production, sustainable agriculture, auto regressive distributed lags model.
The Impact of European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) National Allocation Plans (NAP) on Carbon Markets

This paper empirically examines the extent to which participants in the carbon market perceive EU ETS NAP and Verifications announcements to possess informational value. The study directs its attention to carbon returns and volatility movements around official EU ETS PHASE II announcements. Following Mansanet-Bataller and Pardo (2007), we adapt an event study methodology which caters for the peculiarities of our data, using a Regression and Truncated Mean Model approach. Further, we source the earliest date a certain announcement is publicly released from both official and news sources, and examine both Phase I & II front futures and sole Phase II prices. We find that Phase II announcements have an influence on both Phase I & II front futures and sole Phase II futures carbon returns. In addition, we find that the announcements have no significant impact on volatility. Together, the findings suggest a systematic leakage of information across all types of announcements, consistent with Mansanet-Bataller & Pardo (2007).
Assessment of actual evapotranspiration over a semiarid heterogeneous land surface by means of coupled low-resolution remote sensing data with an energy balance model: comparison to extra-large aperture scintillometer measurements

In semiarid areas, agricultural production is restricted by water availability; hence, efficient agricultural water management is a major issue. The design of tools providing regional estimates of evapotranspiration (ET), one of the most relevant water balance fluxes, may help the sustainable management of water resources. Remote sensing provides periodic data about actual vegetation temporal dynamics (through the normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI) and water availability under water stress (through the surface temperature T surf), which are crucial factors controlling ET. In this study, spatially distributed estimates of ET (or its energy equivalent, the latent heat flux LE) in the Kairouan plain (central Tunisia) were computed by applying the Soil Plant Atmosphere and Remote Sensing Evapotranspira-tion (SPARSE) model fed by low-resolution remote sensing data (Terra and Aqua MODIS). The work's goal was to assess the operational use of the SPARSE model and the accuracy of the modeled (i) sensible heat flux (H) and (ii) daily ET over a heterogeneous semiarid landscape with complex land cover (i.e., trees, winter cereals, summer vegetables). SPARSE was run to compute instantaneous estimates of H and LE fluxes at the satellite overpass times. The good correspondence (R 2 = 0.60 and 0.63 and RMSE = 57.89 and 53.85 W m −2 for Terra and Aqua, respectively) between instantaneous H estimates and large aperture scintillome-ter (XLAS) H measurements along a path length of 4 km over the study area showed that the SPARSE model presents satisfactory accuracy. Results showed that, despite the fairly large scatter, the instantaneous LE can be suitably estimated at large scales (RMSE = 47.20 and 43.20 W m −2 for Terra and Aqua, respectively, and R 2 = 0.55 for both satellites). Additionally, water stress was investigated by comparing modeled (SPARSE) and observed (XLAS) water stress values ; we found that most points were located within a 0.2 confidence interval, thus the general tendencies are well reproduced. Even though extrapolation of instantaneous latent heat flux values to daily totals was less obvious, daily ET estimates are deemed acceptable.
Assessment of Some Coagulation Indices among Type II Diabetic Subjects in a Tertiary Facility in South West Region , Nigeria

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by fasting hyperglycaemia and a high risk of atherothrombotic disorders affecting the coronary, cerebral and peripheral arterial trees. Thrombohaemorrhagic complications are well recognized among diabetic populations. The aim of this work is to study the haemostatic profile of diabetic subjects attending Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria. A total of 50 diabetic subjects aged between 30 – 70 years attending the diabetic clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Owo were selected for the study. 50 aged and sex matched non – diabetic subjects in the outpatient clinic of the same hospital were recruited as controls. Prothrombin Time (PT) and Partial Thromboplastin Time with kaolin (PTTK) were estimated using standard methods. There was significant prolongation of PT and PTTK of diabetics when compared with the non – diabetic controls (P<0.005). These findings suggest that despite the popular notion of a prothrombotic tendency in diabetes, diabetics may also be prone to developing haemorrhagic complications. It is helpful to bear this in mind, and to incorporate PT and PTTK assay as routine investigations for better management of these patients.
Re-evaluation of the age of some dinosaur localities from the southern Pyrenees by means of megaloolithid oospecies

Since the beginning of the 20th Century the Upper Cretaceous continental and transitional marine deposits of the southern Pyrenees have produced more than 220 dinosaur fossil localities. New discoveries and advances in magnestostratigraphy and biostratigraphy provide a robust biostratigraphical framework for the latest Cretaceous dinosaur faunas in the region, although the age of some localities has remained uncertain. Here, we re-evaluate the age of some classic and new dinosaur fossil localities on the basis of the potential dating of megaloolithid oospecies and provide parataxonomic and age data for twenty-three localities with new megaloolithid egg fossils. Further, we review the nomenclature and probable synonymies of several of the most historically significant localities in the southern Pyrenees. With the new age assignments proposed for some significant localities (Basturs, Orcau-1, Els Nerets, Figuerola-2, Suterranya-1), we claim that in the southern Pyrenees a) the ankylosaurian dinosaurs survived beyond the early Maastrichtian-late Maastrichtian boundary and coexisted with hadrosauroids; b) the theropod record is scarce in the early Maastrichtian and the taxonomic diversity (richness) of theropods is notably higher in the late Maastrichtian; and c) the megaloolithid egg record assigned to sauropods is continuous through the entire Maaastrichtian but is scarce in the Upper Campanian.
A modelling study of the Bjerknes compensation in the meridional heat transport in a freshening ocean

The compensation between the meridional heat transports in the atmosphere and ocean is studied through a coupled model's water-hosing experiments. It is found that the atmospheric heat transport (AHT) change compensates the oceanic heat transport (OHT) change very well in the extratropics, while the former over-compensates the latter in the tropics. Similar to previous studies, the fresh water input in the high latitude Atlantic weakens the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and thus the northward Atlantic OHT significantly, leading to a warming (cooling) in sea surface temperature in the Southern (Northern) Hemisphere and in turn a southward shift of atmospheric convection. This results in an enhanced Hadley Cell (HC) and stronger northward AHT, compensating the reduced Atlantic OHT. Meanwhile, the wind-driven Subtropical Cell in the Indo-Pacific oceans is enhanced in response to the HC change, increasing the northward OHT in the Indo-Pacific, which partly offsets the reduced OHT in the Atlantic. The response in the Indo-Pacific is responsible for the overcompensation of the AHT to the global OHT. The Held's mechanism works very well in the tropical Indo-Pacific in our experiments. This is substantially different from previous studies.
Immunological Evidence for Peptide-Carbohydrate Mimicry with a Group A Streptococcus Polysaccharide-Mimetic Peptide

The immunogenicity of a peptide-protein conjugate developed by linking a peptide mimic DRPVPY of the Group A Streptococcus cell-wall polysaccharide (GAS-CWPS), to tetanus toxoid (TT) was examined. BALB/c mice were immunized three times subcutaneously following homologous or heterologous prime/boost strategies at 4- or 6- week intervals in two different experiments. DRPVPY-TT, CWPS-TT, heat-killed, pepsin-treated GAS bacteria (with exposed polysaccharide) and TT, were used as immunogens with alum as adjuvant. Antibody titers were determined by ELISA with GAS bacteria (with exposed polysaccharide) and DRPVPY-linked to bovine serum albumin (BSA, DRPVPY-BSA) as solid phase antigens. All mice primed with DRPVPY-TT developed high IgG anti-peptide and anti-GAS titers. The binding of polyclonal anti-peptide antibodies to GAS could be inhibited by purified CWPS, synthetic oligosaccharides corresponding to CWPS, DRPVPY-BSA, DRPVPY and DRPVP, as assessed by competitive-inhibition ELISA. Anti-oligosaccharide titers were also obtained upon titration of anti-peptide sera with synthetic oligosaccharide-BSA conjugates. All mice primed with CWPS-TT and mice primed and boosted with GAS developed IgG anti-peptide titers. These data demonstrate conclusively the cross-reactivity of the immune responses and support the hypothesis of antigenic mimicry of the GAS-CWPS by the hexapeptide DRPVPY. However, mice boosted with DRPVPY-TT, after 6-8 weeks, showed a decrease in IgG anti-GAS titers, but an increase in IgG anti-peptide titers, suggesting carrier-induced suppression of the response to polysaccharide. Strategies are outlined for further refinement of a DRPVPY conjugate as a surrogate of the cell-wall polysaccharide for use in vaccines against Group A Streptococcus.
Treatment Perspectives on Interned Mentally Ill Offenders in a Forensic Psychiatric Centre ( FPC ) : A Delphi Study on Experts ’

The study aims to map the treatment perspectives of international experts on treating mentally ill offenders in a Forensic Psych iatric Centre using the Delphi method. The four-round Delphi study reveals high co nformity on the proposed treatment-related issues. However, some points of d ivergence remain. Three controversies underpinning these disagreements are discussed. The first controversy regards the treatment and control debat e. The second controversy concerns the dual role of assessment in forensic me ntal health. The third controversy describes the potential entry condition s for treatment in a Forensic Psychiatric Centre. Further research is needed to s cientifically underpin the above mentioned debates. In this regard, the study sugges ts a close collaboration between practitioners and researchers.