Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship of long-term orientation with knowledge sharing in virtual community

Some studies have looked at how people from different countries share knowledge, information and ideas but the research is still limited. Therefore, this research takes up the challenge to find out the relationship of societal culture and knowledge sharing in multi-national and crosscultural ‘virtual community. ’ The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively assess the relationship of long-term orientation which influences sharing of knowledge, ideas and information in virtual community among different cultural groups. Data were collected from the world’s second largest multinational PC manufacturing company that serves customers across 160 countries. The analysis from five of the countries specifically examines the relationship of long-term orientation with knowledge sharing in the virtual community context. The finding is a positive relationship implying that managers of virtual communities need to provide both resources and time for members to build relationships and to positively share and co-create knowledge (aimed at the future) rather than concentrate on the past and present thus stifling knowledge sharing. The study contributes by uniquely combining in one study, long-term (cultural) orientation, and knowledge sharing in virtual communities from different countries. The limitation of the study is the use of only one cultural dimension of Hofstede. Future studies should use other dimensions as well as dimensions other than Hofstede’s. Nonetheless, this study has given practical guides to managers of virtual communities.
Catalytic Mechanism of Pd Adsorption on S-Terminated GaAs(001)-(2 × 6) Surface

Structural and electronic properties of Pd adsorption on clean and S-terminated GaAs(001)-(2 × 6) surfaces are studied using first-principle simulations. Our calculations show that the Pd atom prefers to occupy the HH3 site. The Pd atom is lower than the S atom with 0.15 A. The density of states analysis confirms that S–Ga bond plays an important role in Heck reaction. We also find that the Pd catalysis activity for Pd adsorption on clean GaAs(001)-(2 × 6) surface is weak while it is enhanced when the Pd atom is adsorbed on the S-terminated GaAs(001)-(2 × 6) surface, which is in good agreement with the experiments.
Czech Women's Civic Organising under the State Socialist Regime, Socio-economic Transformation and the EU Accession Period

The article describes Czech women’s civic organising focused on gender equality and women’s rights since the Second World War and explains its character and development in the context of a) the state socialist regime, b) the impact of foreign and international donors on Czech women’s civic organising during the socio-economic and political transformation of the first part of the 1990s, and c) the current process of the formalisation of Czech women’s civic groups brought about by the Czech Republic’s preparation for EU accession. The formalisation of women’s civic groups is a process that consists of project-orientation, reform-orientation and the professionalisation of women’s civic groups. In the era when the funding of women’s civic groups has changed (as a result of EU Eastern enlargement) and the range of national political actors engaged in promoting gender equality has broadened (owing to pressure from the EU), these processes have brought about a shifts in the topics, activities, partnerships and strategies of Czech women’s civic groups. These processes have contributed on the one hand to the marginalisation of those topics, activities and strategies previously addressed by some of Czech women’s civic groups that do not fit in with the mainstream topics, activities and strategies defined by the EU (and by the EU influenced state). At the same time, however, some channels for having an impact on national decision-making processes have opened up to specific women’s civic groups. EU Eastern enlargement paradoxically led to the orientation of women’s civic groups towards national rather than supranational lobby-
The Relationship between English Language Proficiency and EFL Learners’ Use of Translation Strategies

EFL(English as a Foreign Language) learners tend to choose translation strategies in their English learning process. This study aims to examine the potential relationship between English language proficiency and EFL learners’ use of translation strategies, displaying the differences in the use of translation strategies between students at higher level of English language proficiency and those at lower level of English language proficiency. An ITLS questionnaire (The Inventory for Translation as a Learning Strategy) designed by Liao Posen (Liao, 2002：159-161)was distributed to 190 students in Southwest Jiaotong University who had taken the national English language proficiency assessment—CET-4(College English Test Band 4). Based on Independent Sample T-test, the results show that significant differences were found between the proficient EFL learners and the limited English proficient learners in some of the uses of translation strategies, and lower achievers were more likely to adopt translation strategies in English learning. According to Pearson Correlation Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis, this research also found out that the use of translation to enhance English-language abilities was negatively correlated with English language proficiency and could best predict the negative performance of English language proficiency assessment. Implications for the role of translation strategies in EFL learning are discussed.
FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF HIGHLY COMPOSITE NON-LOADBEARING PRECAST CONCRETE SANDWICH PANELS

Precast Concrete Sandwich Panels (PCSP) are proposed as an enclosure of modern net-zero energy buildings as they provide high thermal insulation and efficient protection against moisture ingress. A new PCSP system has recently been developed that consists of two layers of insulation – a 51 mm Polystyrene foam panel and a grooved 25.4 mm Polystyrene board – sandwiched between two reinforced concrete layers tied together by novel Z-Shape Steel Plate Connectors (ZSPC). Some of these panels are enclosed at the top and bottom with concrete beams, commonly known as end-beams. The out-of-plane behaviour of PCSP is typically described as: fully composite, partiallycomposite, or non-composite; depending on the shear strength and stiffness of the interlayer connectors. To investigate the effect of ZSPC and end-beams on the out-of-plane flexural behaviour of the PCSP, six full-size panels having length, width, and thickness of 3.65 m x 1.22 m x 0.23 m, respectively, were constructed and subjected to a four-point flexural loading. The measured moment-curvature responses for all six panels were compared to theoretical non-composite and fully-composite moment-curvature relationships. Test results revealed that PCSP with ZSPC can achieve 60% to 100% of the theoretical out-of-plane flexural stiffness of a fullycomposite panel. Increasing the shear strength of ZSPC improved the out-of-plane bending moment of PCSP corresponding to the design maximum deflection limit. Adding end-beams to PCSP with even small-size ZSPC improved the out-of-plane bending moment of the panel corresponding to the design deflection limit compared to that of the theoretical fully-composite panel.
AM Knowledge Expiration in Security Awareness Training

This study evaluates the effectiveness of security education, training, and awareness (SETA) programs though the examination of the knowledge expiration process. The prevalence of security threats has led companies to invest more in information security. However, it is questionable how much a single training session could contribute to information security. We examine the knowledge types in a typical training program and measure the "shelf lives" of the knowledge. We find that technical knowledge decays faster than application knowledge, and both types of knowledge evaporate within a month following the training. This paper will contribute to the information security literature by revealing the ineffectiveness of single training sessions in the long run and suggest remedies to ensure consistent security policy compliance.
Assessing range-wide habitat suitability for the Lesser Prairie- Chicken

Population declines of many wildlife species have been linked to habitat loss incurred through land-use change. Incorporation of conservation planning into development planning may mitigate these impacts. The threatened Lesser Prairie- Chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) is experiencing loss of native habitat and high levels of energy development across its multijurisdictional range. Our goal was to explore relationships of the species occurrence with landscape characteristics and anthropogenic effects influencing its distribution through evaluation of habitat suitability associated with one particular habitat usage, lekking. Lekking has been relatively well-surveyed, though not consistently, in all jurisdictions. All five states in which Lesser Prairie-Chickens occur cooperated in development of a Maxent habitat suitability model. We created two models, one with state as a factor and one without state. When state was included it was the most important predictor, followed by percent of land cover consisting of known or suspected used vegetation classes within a 5000 m area around a lek. Without state, land cover was the most important predictor of relative habitat suitability for leks. Among the anthropogenic predictors, landscape condition, a measure of human impact integrated across several factors, was most important, ranking third in importance without state. These results quantify the relative suitability of the landscape within the current occupied range of Lesser Prairie-Chickens. These models, combined with other landscape information, form the basis of a habitat assessment tool that can be used to guide siting of development projects and targeting of areas for conservation.
Phenolic Antioxidants from Betel Leaf (Piper betel Linn.) Extract Obtained with Different Solvents and Extraction Time

Piper betel Linn. , which is commonly known as Betel leaf, is consumed for chewing with Betel nut and lime by some people in Asia. Data on the phenolic compounds of this plant is scarce. This study was aimed at investigating the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, oil-water partition coefficient and yield of various solvents, and extraction time. Methanol, ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate extract of Betel leaves extracted for 0.5, 1, 3, 4.5, 6, 24 and 48 hrs were examined for radical scavenging ability against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPHe) and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) cation (ABTS+e) radicals. Total phenolic content was evaluated according to the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure. The polarity of the plant extract from various solvents was assessed by determining the oil-water partition coefficient by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Based on the polarity, the ethyl acetate extract, which had less polarity, was suitable for extracting the phenolic compounds from Betel leaves. The extract showed the highest antioxidant activities, total phenolic content and yield. Betel leaf phenolics are found to have less polarity than other phenolic antioxidants due to their high value of oil-water partition coefficient (2.31+0.03). Extraction time from 4.5 to 6 hrs gave the highest antioxidant activity compared with those from other extraction times. Phenolic compounds are in part responsible for antioxidant activities on leaf extracts. Good relationships between phenolic content and radical DPPH scavenging activity (R = 0.945), including phenolics and radical cation ABTS scavenging activity (R = 0.979) of the extracts, were also found. The results indicated that the extraction solvent and time are important for the preparation of the Betel leaf extract for use as a natural antioxidant.
Variation of skull morphometry of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in Denmark and Germany

The distance between opistokranion and zygomatic process of frontal bone (A), the condylobasal length (X), and the total length of the mandible (M) were measured in skulls of the Eurasian otter collected in Denmark and in the east of Germany (Lausitz). The Danish population showed a strong reduction in size of the traits in males, and an increase with time in the variances of the traits in females, whereas in the Lausitzian population, no significant changes in the same traits over the same time period were observed. The skulls were also investigated for fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and a negative correlation was found between the size of a skull and FA in the males from both populations, whereas no correlations were found in the females.
A New Genus of Norian Involutinid Foraminifers: Its Morphological, Biostratigraphic, and Evolutionary Significance

The Late Triassic was a time of pronounced radiation in several groups of foraminifers. The rapid evolutionary processes in the Suborder Involutinina caused particularly high diversification of these aragonitic foraminifers, which became a key group for Upper Triassic biostratigraphy. Among them, Triasina hantkeni and Triasina oberhauseri are regarded as the most precise guide fossils. However, while these species are widely used, a poor documentation of the detailed test structure of T. oberhauseri has resulted in misidentifications. The exceptional preservation and abundance of Triasina oberhauseri in the Upper Triassic deposits of the Black Marble Quarry (Wallowa terrane, Oregon, USA) has allowed us to make the first detailed observations of its coiling, innermost structure and lamellae arrangement and to recognize morphological features that were either wrongly interpreted or not described in the original systematic definition of the species. In this paper, we demonstrate that the species possesses characteristics that hamper its assignment to Triasina and we propose a new genus, Aulosina, to accommodate this taxon. Placing emphasis on the accuracy of the morphological description, the diagnosis and the systematic definition of the species are here improved. The identification of innovative features in Aulosina oberhauseri (strengthenings, shortened lamellae) highlights new evolutionary trends for the lineage of Involutinina that have proved useful for the establishment of phylogenetic links between involutinid genera and for understanding the evolutive steps leading to the formation of inner-pillars in tubular foraminifers. The increasing complexity of Involutinina representatives at the end of the Triassic, notably marked by the appearance of internal structures in Triasininae, leads us to regard them as probable symbiont-bearing foraminifers.
AUTOMATIC RECONSTRUCTION OF SKELETAL STRUCTURES FROM TLS FOREST SCENES

Abstract. Detailed information about 3D forest structure is vital in forest science for analyzing the spatio-temporal development of plants as well as precise harvest forecasting in forest industry. Up to now, the majority of methods focus on complete structural reconstruction of trees from multiple scans, which might not be a suitable starting point with respect to modeling forest scenes over larger areas. For this reason, we propose a strategy to obtain skeletal structures of trees from single scans following a divide-and-conquer approach well-known from computer science. First, we split the range image into components representing surface patches and trace each component’s boundary, which is essential for our skeleton retrieval method. Therefore, we propose an extension to standard boundary tracing that takes a component’s interior depth discontinuities into account. Second, each component is processed separately: A 2D skeleton is obtained via the Voronoi Diagram and refined. Subsequently, a component is segmented into subsets of points depending on their proximity to skeleton nodes. Afterwards, the skeleton is split into paths and a Principal Curve is computed from each path’s point cluster in order to retrieve the component shape as a set of 3D polygonal lines. Our method retrieves the intricate branching structure of components representing tree crown parts reliably and efficiently. The results are fitting with respect to a visual inspection. At present, results are fragments of tree skeletons, but it opens an attractive perspective to complete tree skeletons from skeletal parts, which we currently regard as future work.
Proteome Analysis of Acrylamide-induced Proteins in a Novel Acrylamide-degrader Enterobacter aerogenes by 2 D Electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF-MS

Despite tremendous advances in understanding the microbial degradation of acrylamide, reports on the nature of the two-dimensional protein patterns for acrylamide-degrading bacteria are not yet available. This work, focusing on the acrylamide-inducible proteins, studied the response of Enterobacter aerogenes, a novel acrylamide-degrading bacterium, to acrylamide. Proteome analysis was applied using 2D-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrixassisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry to identify proteins differentially expressed from E. aerogenes grown on acrylamide. Six protein homologues with amidohydrolase, urease accessory protein, quaternary ammonium compound resistance proteins, dipeptide transport protein, Omp36 osmoporin and large conductance mechanosensitive channel proteins (MscL) are seemingly involved in acrylamide stress response and its degradation. Five proteins identified as GroEL-like chaperonin, ArsR-transcriptional regulator, Tsand Tu-elongation factor and trigger factor and four proteins (phosphoglycerate kinase, ATP synthase β-subunit, malate dehydrogenase and succinyl-CoA synthetase α-subunit) responsive for the adaption of E. aerogenes in the presence of acrylamide
Molecular characterization of red clover genotypes utilizing microsatellite markers

Genetic resources of red clover ( Trifolium pratense L.) are the basis for the improvement of this important forage legume. The objective of this study was microsatellite characterization of the accessions from the collection of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, Serbia. Molecular evaluation of 46 red clover genotypes was performed by applying the set of 14 primer pairs of microsatellite markers. These primer pairs amplified a total of 187 alleles, with an average of 13.36 alleles per locus and average polymorphism information content (PIC) value was 0.306. The minimum values of Dice genetic distances based on polymorphism of microsatellite markers were found among genotypes NCPGRU2 and NCPGRU5 (0.311) and the highest values of genetic distances were determined for a couple of genotypes Violeta and BGR2 (0.933). The average genetic distance between all pairs of genotypes amounted 0.587. The results of the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) were consistent with the results obtained on the basis of cluster analysis, except that the PCoA allocated another four genotypes. There was no relationship between groups of genotypes formed by the use of cluster analyses and PCoA with their geographical origin. Analysis of molecular variance of 46 red clover genotypes by the status and ploidy level was significant, but it also suggested a weak genetic differentiation of groups formed on the basis of those characteristics. Observed groups of genotypes, according to the cluster analyses and PCoA of microsatellite data, could be used in future breeding programs for the selection of germplasm. ABSTRACT
Lattice dynamics study of scheelite tungstates under high pressure II . PbWO

F. J. Manjon,1,2,* D. Errandonea,1 N. Garro,1 J. Pellicer-Porres,1 J. López-Solano,3 P. Rodríguez-Hernández,3 S. Radescu,3 A. Mujica,3 and A. Muñoz3 1Departamento de Física Aplicada i Institut de Ciencia de Materials de la Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot (València), Spain 2Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain 3Departamento de Física Fundamental II, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna 38205, Tenerife, Spain Received 21 June 2006; revised manuscript received 19 July 2006; published 31 October 2006
Steady late quaternary slip rate on the Cinarcik section of the North Anatolian fault near Istanbul, Turkey

The distribution of plate motion between multiple fault strands and how this distribution may evolve remain poorly understood, despite the key implications for seismic hazards. The North Anatolian Fault in northwest Turkey is a prime example of a multistranded continental transform. Here we present the first constraints on late Quaternary slip rates on its northern branch across the Cinarcik Basin in the eastern Marmara Sea. We use both deep penetration and high‐resolution multichannel seismic reflection data with a stratigraphic age model to show that a depocenter has persisted near the fault bend responsible for that transform basin. Successively older depocenters have been transported westward by fault motion relative to Eurasia, indicating a uniform right‐lateral slip rate of 18.5 mm/yr over the last 500,000 years, compared to overall GPS rates (23–24 mm/yr). Thus, the northern branch has slipped at a nearly constant rate and has accounted for most of the relative plate motion between Eurasia and Anatolia since ~0.5 Ma.
Shock finding on a moving-mesh – II. Hydrodynamic shocks in the Illustris universe

KS and VS acknowledge support through subproject EXAMAG of the Priority Programme 1648 SPPEXA of the German Science Foundation, and the European Research Council through ERC-StG grant EXAGAL-308037. CP acknowledges support through the ERC-CoG grant CRAGSMAN-646955. SG acknowledges support provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51341.001-A awarded by the STScI, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. DS acknowledges support by the STFC and the ERC Starting Grant 638707 ‘BHs and their host galaxies: co-evolution across cosmic time’. LH acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095. KS, VS, RP, and CP like to thank the Klaus Tschira Foundation, and KS acknowledges support by the IMPRS for Astronomy and Cosmic Physics at the University of Heidelberg.
Seedling of development and tolerance of eggplant cultivars under saline stress

This study aimed to evaluate the initial growth and tolerance of eggplant cultivars under saline water irrigation. The experiment was carried out in protected environment (greenhouse) at the Federal University of Campina Grande UFCG, located in the municipality of Pombal-PB, Brazil. The experiment was set in a completely randomized design, in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme, corresponding to two eggplant cultivars (C1 ‘Comprida Roxa’ and C2 ‘Preta Comprida/Enbu’) and five levels of irrigation water salinity (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m -1 ), with four replication and five plants per replication. Plants were grown for 30 days on trays with 30 cells, with capacity for 0.1 dm 3 of substrate, monitored in relation to emergence, growth and phytomass accumulation, and evaluated with respect to the salinity tolerance index. Emergence, growth and dry matter accumulation of eggplant cultivars were negatively affected by the increase in irrigation water salinity. The cultivar ‘Comprida Roxa’ showed higher tolerance to irrigation water salinity in comparison to ‘Preta Comprida/Enbu’.