Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SEMIPOSITIVITY OF MATRICES AND LINEAR MAPS RELATIVE TO PROPER CONES

For a proper cone K in a finite dimensional real Hilbert space V , a square matrix A (a linear map L) is said to be K-semipositive if there exists d ∈ K◦, the interior of K, such that Ad ∈ K◦ (Ld ∈ K◦). Our aim in this manuscript is to characterize K-semipositivity of matrices / linear maps relative to a proper cone. Among several results obtained, we characterize Ksemipositivity in terms of products of the form Y X−1 for K-positive matrices / linear maps (A(K \ {0}) ⊆ K◦) with X invertible, characterize semipositivity of matrices relative to the n-dimensional Lorentz cone L+, characterize semipositivity of the following three linear maps relative to the cone S +: X 7→ AXB (denoted by MA,B), X 7→ AXB + BXA (denoted by LA,B), where A,B ∈Mn(R), and X 7→ X−AXA (denoted by SA, known as the Stein transformation). We prove that MA,B is semipositive if and only if B = αA t for some α > 0, the map LA,B is semipositive if and only if A(B t)−1 is positive stable. A particular case of our result generalizes Lyapunov’s theorem. Decompositions of the above maps (when they are semipositive) in the form L1L −1 2 , where L1 and L2 are both positive and invertible (assuming A is invertible in the case of SA) are presented. We also investigate properties of the semipositive cone KA of a matrix / linear map and partially answer a question on invariance of KA under A.
P o S ( C O R F U 2 0 1 1 ) 0 5 6 Twist deformations of module homomorphisms and connections ∗

Let H be a Hopf algebra, A a left H-module algebra and V a left H-module A-bimodule. We study the behavior of the right A-linear endomorphisms of V under twist deformation. We in particular construct a bijective quantization map to the right A? -linear endomorphisms of V? , with A? ,V? denoting the usual twist deformations of A,V . The quantization map is extended to right A-linear homomorphisms between left H-module A-bimodules and to right connections on V . We then investigate the tensor product of linear maps between left H-modules. Given a quasitriangular Hopf algebra we can define an H-covariant tensor product of linear maps, which restricts for left H-module A-bimodules to a well-defined tensor product of right A-linear homomorphisms on tensor product modules over A. This also requires a quasi-commutativity condition on the algebra and bimodules. Using this tensor product we can construct a new lifting prescription of connections to tensor product modules, generalizing the usual prescription to also include nonequivariant connections.
Exploring the induction of doubled haploids in cassava through gynogenesis

Production and use of double haploids is important for attainment of systematic genetic gains, and indeed several plant breeding programmes have benefited from it. Gynogenesis, the in vitro culture of unfertilized ovules and/or embryos has specifically been exploited in several economically important crops but not cassava. In this study, we examined possibilities of generating doubled haploids (DH) in cassava through gynogenesis, by bagging female flowers of selected varieties to prevent pollination. A total of 2,466 flowers across 32 elite cassava varieties were bagged for a period of one-to-three days. Early embryo rescue and ovule culture were done at 7 to 42 days after anthesis. Consequently, 517 fruits (21%) were harvested and dissected to obtain 97 seeds from which 47 unique embryos and 18 callus lines were obtained in vitro. Only six of the rescued embryos (12.8%) regenerated into plantlets. Upon undertaking ploidy analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping, it was established that all samples analyzed (regenerated plants and calli) were diploid. SNP genotyping revealed increased homozygosity (up to 85.7%), but no doubled haploids were noticed. The knowledge generated is a significant contribution towards understanding cassava flowering biology and thus a foundation to on-going efforts towards developing protocols for generation of cassava DH. Key words: Anthesis, embryo rescue, gynogenesis, homozygosity, ploidy.
Revisiting Sports Sentiment and Stock Returns : A BIRG Effect in NBA and MLB

This study examines the impact of East Asian players’ performances in the U.S. National Basketball Association (NBA) and Major League Baseball (MLB) on the players’ home stock markets. We find that East Asian NBA players’ superior performance and MLB players’ wins have significant and positive impact on their home stock markets, not only at the index level but also for related industries and firms. Poor performance and losses do not seem to have significant impact. We argue that if game results do not lead to immediate elimination, the effect of winning can be stronger than that of losing, which is consistent with the phenomenon of basking in reflected glory (BIRG).
Do Inflation Expectations Matter in a Stylised New Keynesian Model? The Case of Poland

This paper estimates different versions of a stylised New Keynesian model of the Polish economy, in which alternative measures of inflation expectations are used. They include: model-based (rational) expectations as well as survey measures of inflation expectations formed by consumers, enterprises and financial sector analysts. After estimating the models we verify to what extent the use of different measures of inflation expectations affects the assessment of the monetary transmission mechanism, the exchange rate pass-through and the sacrifice ratio. Simulation results show different responses in all the analysed areas. For example, the maximum reaction of CPI inflation to the interest rate impulse is almost twice bigger if the direct measures of financial sector analysts are used instead of model-consistent expectations. Also the model with survey-based measures of producer inflation expectations displays stronger response of inflation to monetary policy impulse than the model, in which rational expectations are assumed. Estimates of the exchange rate pass-through from the models with survey-based expectations are very similar to each other, but stronger than in the model with rational expectations. The sacrifice ratio seems similar in the case of all versions of the New Keynesian model except its version with consumer inflation expectations that shows significantly larger output loss resulting from a permanent reduction of the inflation target than the other models. Differences in the assessment how monetary factors affect macroeconomic variables, particularly inflation, pose the question which model should be treated as the most adequate. To answer this question we run in-sample simulations, calculating inflation forecasting errors of all the models under consideration. We conclude that the model that assumes rational inflation expectations displays the lowest forecasting accuracy, while the model using inflation expectations of enterprises is the best-performing model. It suggests that the assumption of rational inflation expectations does not match the actual data well. Inflation expectations of Polish enterprises seem the most relevant from the macroeconomic point of view – more relevant than inflation expectations of consumers and financial sector analysts.
HETEROSIS IN BELL PEPPER ( CAPSICUM ANNUUM L . ) FOR YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS P

The magnitude of heterosis in 33 crosses derived from line × tester, indicated pronounced hybrid vigour for total fruit yield and yield attributing traits in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The magnitude of heterosis over the commercial check hybrid was high in the desirable direction for all the 12 characters. The findings revealed that the crosses: Arka Mohini × IIHR-4103, Arka Mohini × IIHR-3341, Arka Mohini × IIHR-4107 and Arka Basant × IIHR-4096 were identified as the best heterotic cross combinations. These four productive hybrids had significantly higher per se values than the commercial check (Indra) in respect of number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, fruit length, fruit width, average fruit weight and number of fruits per plant. These hybrids also possess desirable fruit length and fruit width. The high heterotic response as observed in these hybrids further supported by the predominant role of non-additive gene action in the inheritance of the characters under study. These cross combinations could be exploited in heterosis breeding programme in future. Introduction Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) also known as sweet pepper or Simla Mirch is popular among the vegetables for its delicate taste and pleasant flavour coupled with rich ascorbic acid, vitamin-A, other vitamins and minerals. Shimla Mirch has attained a status of high value crop in India in the recent years both for its green as well as colored (red and yellow) fruits. The high market price is due to the heavy demand from the urban consumers and inadequacy of supply due to low productivity, which can be attributed to lack of high yielding adaptable varieties and hybrids. As the required goals of increasing productivity in the quickest possible time can be achieved by utilizing heterosis breeding, which is feasible in this crop (Joshi and Singh 1980, Sood and Kumar 2010, Mulge 1992). Information on the magnitude of heterosis in different cross combinations is a basic requisite to assess for identifying crosses that exhibit high amount of exploitable heterosis. The present investigation describes the extent and nature of heterosis in hybrids for plant growth, earliness and fruit yield and its components. Materials and Methods Three lines (Female parents) Arka Mohini (L1), Arka Gaurav (L2) and Arka Basant (L3) and 11 testers (Male parents) IIHR-4096 (T1), IIHR-4103 (T2), IIHR-3338 (T3), IIHR-3341 (T4), IIHR3342 (T5), IIHR-4104 (T6), IIHR-4105 (T7), IIHR-4106 (T8), IIHR-4034 (T9), IIHR-4033 (T10), and IIHR-4107 (T11) developed and maintained at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bangalore were used as parental materials in this experiment. Parents were selected on the basis of the diverse morphological characters, fruit size and shape and yield potential of the lines. Male and female parents were mated in line × tester fashion during August to December, 2012 at *Author for correspondence: .
Optimal duct bias for transport of cathodic-arc plasmas

Carbon and titanium plasmas are used to investigate the effects of duct bias on the plasma transport through the magnetic duct of a cathodic-arc plasma source as a function of the magnetic-field strength and arc current so as to determine the optimal duct bias, at which the magnetic duct produces the maximum efficiency for plasma transport. The influence of the guiding magnetic field and arc current on the optimal duct bias is investigated. The optimal duct bias increases with the plasma density for carbon plasma, while the relationship is the opposite for the titanium plasma. The carbon-plasma behavior can be explained by a plasma-diffusion model presented in this paper, since the electron-ion collision frequency /spl nu//sub ei/ is less than the electron-cyclotron frequency /spl nu//sub c,e/. On the other hand, in a titanium plasma, /spl nu//sub ei/ is larger than /spl nu//sub c,e/, so this model is inaccurate. Our result shows that different kinds of plasmas have different transport behavior through the magnetic duct and thus, the duct parameters must be carefully chosen in order to achieve the optimal transport efficiency.
Reanalysis of long-term series of glaciological and geodetic mass balance for 10 Norwegian glaciers

Abstract. Glaciological and geodetic methods provide independent observations of glacier mass balance. The glaciological method measures the surface mass balance, on a seasonal or annual basis, whereas the geodetic method measures surface, internal, and basal mass balances, over a period of years or decades. In this paper, we reanalyse the 10 glaciers with long-term mass-balance series in Norway. The reanalysis includes (i) homogenisation of both glaciological and geodetic observation series, (ii) uncertainty assessment, (iii) estimates of generic differences including estimates of internal and basal melt, (iv) validation, and, if needed, (v) calibration of mass-balance series. This study comprises an extensive set of data (484 mass-balance years, 34 geodetic surveys, and large volumes of supporting data, such as metadata and field notes). In total, 21 periods of data were compared and the results show discrepancies between the glaciological and geodetic methods for some glaciers, which are attributed in part to internal and basal ablation and in part to inhomogeneity in the data processing. Deviations were smaller than 0.2 m w.e. a −1 for 12 out of 21 periods. Calibration was applied to 7 out of 21 periods, as the deviations were larger than the uncertainty. The reanalysed glaciological series shows a more consistent signal of glacier change over the period of observations than previously reported: six glaciers had a significant mass loss (14–22 m w.e.) and four glaciers were nearly in balance. All glaciers have lost mass after the year 2000. More research is needed on the sources of uncertainty to reduce uncertainties and adjust the observation programmes accordingly. The study confirms the value of carrying out independent high-quality geodetic surveys to check and correct field observations.
RESPONSE OF YOUNG APPLE TREES TO DIFFERENT ORCHARD FLOOR MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

The effect of orchard floor management on soil moisture and temperature, and on apple tree growth and yield, was studied in 2002 and 2003 at the experimental orchard in Skierniewice. In April 2002, 'Gala Must' apple ( Malus x domestica Borkh.) trees
Tobacco Habits and Risk of Oral Cancer: A Retrospective Study in India

Background: It is suggested that various forms of tobacco use have some effects on diverse sites of head and neck to develop cancer. Material and Methods: The study examines data for oral cancer in male subjects, collected from the population registered in cancer registry during the year 20072008. All the data collected were entered into the spreadsheets. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 11.0 was used for data processing and data analysis. Results: Smoking and chewing develops a high risk of oral cancer. Most of the tobacco consumers are in their 40s. People younger than 30 years used betel-quid in abundance (47.1%). Bidi was the choice of tobacco for 41-50 age group. In people with less than ten years duration of using tobacco products, gutkha was consumed in abundance (20.7%). For frequency of 6-10 times per day, smoking Bidi was consumed in 61.4% of instances. Conclusion: The crux of the problem is that majority of the cases are reported with a significant delay to the health care facility. Nationwide counseling on tobacco cessation is required in a developing country like India.
The Effectiveness of Mindful Parenting, Social Thinking and Exercise on Quality of Life in ADHD Children

BackgroundQuality of life (QOL), is the most important goal of treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindful parenting, social thinking and exercise on quality of life in ADHD children.Materials and MethodsAn experimental design was used. Samples consist of 60 students 8-12 years with the DSM-5 classification ADHD that were engaging in education in 2015-2016 in Abadan, Iran. 60 children according to criteria inclusion were randomly placed in 4 groups: mindful parenting (17 mothers of ADHD children), social thinking (n=15), exercise (n=13), and control group (n=15). Measure tools consist of Conner’s Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) and Pediatric quality of life (pedQOL) questionnaire. Interventions were: mindful parenting (9-session), social thinking (8 sessions) and exercise (8-session). ResultsThe results showed significant change in QOL of experimental group compared with the control group (P<0.05). Post-hoc pairwise comparison indicated that there were significant change in QOL scores between mindful parenting group and social thinking group (P<0.05) and mindful parenting had more effect. Difference between social thinking group and exercise group was significant (P<0.05). ConclusionConsidering the effective role of mindful parenting and exercise in improving QOL, can be told mindful parenting intervention and exercise can be applied in clinical field, particularly for improving ADHD children's QOL.
Hybridization between the locally endangered Rosa spinosissima and Rosa mollis results in the pentaploid Rosa × sabinii in Western Norway

Rosa spinosissima is an endangered species in Norway, found only within a limited area on the southwestern coast. Presumed hybrid forms between R. spinosissima and rose species within R. sect. Caninae have been recorded from this area since the late 19th century. Here, analyses of such hybrid plants and selected populations of the tentative parent species were performed using AFLP markers, nuclear DNA content, pollen viability and seed germination rates, in addition to classic morphometric analysis. It is established that the hybrid rose represents a single hybrid taxon, viz Rosa × sabinii, formed by recurrent asymmetrical hybridization events between R. spinosissima and R. mollis, with the latter being the obligate ovule donor. The evidence presented does not indicate hybridization with other co-occurring rose species, or of introgression from R. mollis into R. spinosissima through backcrossing with R. ×sabinii.
Subsidy Competition and the Mode of FDI: Acquisition vs Greenfield

We model subsidy competition for a foreign MNC’s investment in two potential PTA partners. Taking into account acquisitions as an alternative investment mode weakens the case for subsidising greenfield investment. Competition between countries results in welfare losses, even more so if spillovers from the MNC’s presence exist. Hence in many cases a ban on subsidies may increase welfare. In addition, we show how trade integration affects the prospects for social waste.
Numerical study on unstable surfaces of oblique detonations

Abstract In this study, the onset of cellular structure on oblique detonation surfaces is investigated numerically using a one-step irreversible Arrhenius reaction kinetic model. Two types of oblique detonations are observed from the simulations. One is weakly unstable characterized by the existence of a planar surface, and the other is strongly unstable characterized by the immediate formation of the cellular structure. It is found that a high degree of overdrive suppresses the formation of cellular structures as confirmed by the results of many previous studies. However, the present investigation demonstrates that cellular structures also appear with degree of overdrive of 2.06 and 2.37, values much higher than ${\sim }$ 1.8 suggested previously in the literature for the critical value defining the instability boundary of oblique detonations. This contradiction could be explained by the use of differently shaped walls, a straight wall used in this study and a custom-designed curved wedge system so as to induce straight oblique detonations in previous studies. Another possible reason could be due to the low and possibly insufficient resolution used in previously published studies. Hence, simulations with different grid sizes are also performed to examine the effect of resolution on the numerical solutions. Using the present results, analysis also shows that although the characteristic lengths of unstable surfaces are different when the incident Mach number changes, these length scales are proportional to tangential velocities. Hence, the interior time determined by the overdrive degree is identified, and its limitation as the instability parameter is discussed.
Ammonia emission from dairy cow buildings: a review of measurement techniques, influencing factors and possibilities for reduction

This study aimed to make an analytical inventory of ammonia emission data of dairy housing systems and to assess possibilities for reduction, based upon the analysis of processes and factors involved in the production and volatilization of ammonia. Mass balance methods for the determination of air exchange rates for naturally ventilated dairy cow buildings that are based upon natural or introduced tracers may have good potential for application in emission studies. Differences occur in housing systems, floor types and manure collection and manure storage systems. Ammonia emission levels for cubicle (loose) houses are higher (20-45 g/day/cow) than for tie stalls (5-27 g/day/cow), and variation in emissions by housing type is large. Integration of knowledge of ammonia emission related processes and factors will support a more detailed analysis of differences and variation, and will allow optimization of possibilities for emission reduction. Substantial emission reductions of up to 50% for cubicle houses with slatted floors can be achieved through each of the following measures: flushing of floors with water or diluted formaldehyde, optimised feeding strategies, and slurry acidification. Highest reductions are possible through V-shaped, solid floors (52%) as a single measure, or in combination with flushing with water (65%) or diluted formaldehyde (80%). Providing that drawbacks are solved, nationwide introduction of one or more these measures will lead to a maximal reduction of the NH3 emission in the Netherlands to 18 kt per year.
An Analysis of Science Process Skills of Pre Service Biology Teachers in Solving Plants Physiology Problems

The lowest of Science Process Skills is one of problem in education. It was caused by the lack of awareness of lecturers to facilitate students to conducting activities to develop the skills of students at the Sulawesi Barat University. This study aims to proof at the science process skills of students. The methods used qualitative research approach to engineering tests, interviews, and questionnaires. Subject of the study consisted of 47 biology education student, Math and Science Faculty in Sulawesi Barat University. Based on the analysis of data was obtained the test results science process skills in solving problems which refers to indicators of process skills Science, showed that students' ability to answer to the percentage identified with control variables as much as 51%, definition operational as much as 57%, test hypotheses as much as 45%, designing investigations as 60%, and graphs with data interpretation as much as 44%. The results of the analysis in accordance with the results of interviews conducted with students, in which they reveal that recognize science process skills but indicators of Science Process Skills have not understood the term as well as the working process. Based on the analysis, it could be concluded that the science process skills of students it was still had been low.