Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Macroeconomic Performance, Individual Characteristics and Preference for Democracy

What affects individual preference for different types of political regime? This paper investigates the determinants of individual preferences for democratic values and looks at differences in impact of influencing factors in transition and non-transition countries. It combines both individual and country level characteristics in order to see whether they impact personOs attitude. I found that preferences for democracy are formed by impact of both individual and country-level factors. However, the direction of impact depends on the type of political regime and stage of economic development in the country. First, GDP per capita, growth of inequality and inflation are positively affecting personal preferences for democratic values in the democratic countries and negatively in the countries with autocratic regime. In turn, growth of unemployment in democratic countries decreases individual support of democracy and has a positive impact on support in the countries with autocratic regime. That agrees with the literature that beliefs and attitude towards political systems depend on countryOs past experience. Age has different effect in transition and non-transition economies proving that being raised in different environments matters in terms of formation of political preferences.
Community structure and feeding preference of nematodes associated with methane seepage at the Darwin mud volcano (Gulf of Cádiz)

We sampled the Darwin mud volcano (MV) for meiofaunal community and trophic structure in relation to pore-water geochemistry along a 10 m transect from a seep site on the rim of the crater towards the MV slope. Pore-water profiles indicated considerable variation in upward methane (CH4) flow among sediment cores taken along the transect, with highest flux in the seep sediment core, gradually decreasing along the transect, to no CH4 flux in the core taken at a 5 m distance. Low sulphate concentrations and high levels of total alkalinity and sulphide (H2S) suggested that anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) occurred close to the sediment surface in the seep sediment core. High H2S levels had a genus- and species-specific impact on meiofaunal densities. Nematode genus composition varied gradually between sediment cores, with the genus Sabatieria dominating almost all sediment cores. However, genus diversity increased with increasing distance from the seep site. These limited data suggest that the community structure of seep meiofauna is highly dependent on local (a)biotic habitat characteristics, and a typical seep meiofaunal community cannot be delineated. Stable isotope values suggested the nematode diet up to 10 m from the seep site included thiotrophic carbon. The thicker hemipelagic sediment layer (photosynthetic carbon), the increased trophic diversity, and the heavier nematode δ13C farther from the seep site suggest a decrease in thiotrophy and an increase in photosynthetic carbon in the nematode diet.
Three-dimensional magnetic and abundance mapping of the cool Ap star HD 24712 . I. Spectropolarimetric observations in all four Stokes parameters

Context. High-resolution spectropolarimetric observations provide simultaneous information about stellar magnetic field topologies and three-dimensional distributions of chemical elements. High-quality spectra in the Stokes IQUV parameters are currently available for very few early-type magnetic chemically peculiar stars. Here we present analysis of a unique full Stokes vector spectropolarimetric data set, acquired for the cool magnetic Ap star HD 24712 with a recently commissioned spectropolarimeter. Aims. The goal of our work is to examine the circular and linear polarization signatures inside spectral lines and to study variation of the stellar spectrum and magnetic observables as a function of rotational phase. Methods. HD 24712 was observed with the HARPSpol instrument at the 3.6-m ESO telescope over a period of 2010-2011. We achieved full rotational phase coverage with 43 individual Stokes parameter observations. The resulting spectra have a signal-to-noise ratio of 300600 and resolving power exceeding 10(5). The multiline technique of least-squares deconvolution (LSD) was applied to combine information from the spectral lines of Fe-peak and rare earth elements. Results. We used the HARPSPol spectra of HD 24712 to study the morphology of the Stokes profile shapes in individual spectral lines and in LSD Stokes profiles corresponding to different line masks. From the LSD Stokes V profiles we measured the longitudinal component of the magnetic field, , with an accuracy of 510 G. We also determined the net linear polarization from the LSD Stokes Q and U profiles. Combining previous measurements with our data allowed us to determine an improved rotational period of the star, P-rot = 12.45812 +/- 0.00019 d. We also measured the longitudinal magnetic field from the cores of H alpha and H beta lines. The analysis of measurements showed no evidence for a significant radial magnetic field gradient in the atmosphere of HD 24712. We used our and net linear polarization measurements to determine parameters of the dipolar magnetic field topology. We found that magnetic observables can be reasonably well reproduced by the dipolar model, although significant discrepancies remain at certain rotational phases. We discovered rotational modulation of the H alpha core and related it to a non-uniform surface distribution of rare earth elements.
SOIL-PILE KINEMATIC INTERACTION: NEW PERSPECTIVES FOR EC8 IMPROVEMENT

Kinematic interaction between soil and structure originates from the incompatibility of the seismic free-field motion and the displacements of a more rigid embedded foundation. Foundation piles will actually experience deformations not only due to the loads directly transmitted by the superstructure, but also due to the passage of the seismic waves through the surrounding soil. In particular, bending moments may reveal quite important and, under certain circumstances, should be taken into account in the design, as prescribed by recent seismic codes (EN 1998-5; D.M. 14.1.2008). In this paper, the main results of a theoretical study are illustrated and some preliminary elements to be considered for seismic building codes are suggested.
DIGIT CLASSIFICATION

Pattern recognition is one of the major challenges in statistics framework. Its goal is the feature extraction to classify the patterns into categories. A well-known example in this field is the handwritten digit recognition where digits have to be assigned into one of the 10 classes using some classification method. Our purpose is to present alternative classification methods based on statistical techniques. We show a comparison between a multivariate and a probabilistic approach, concluding that both methods provide similar results in terms of test-error rate. Experiments are performed on the known MNIST and USPS databases in binary-level image. Then, as an additional contribution we introduce a novel method to binarize images, based on statistical concepts associated to the written trace of the digit.
Comparison of Estradiol-Trenbolone Acetate Implant Programs for Yearling Steers of Two Genotypes

Yearling steers (n = 400) were used to evaluate relative payout periods for implants when feeding high grain content diets. Implant treatments included (1) control (nonimplanted), (2) Synovex Plus, (3) revalor-S, and (4) Ralgrorevalor-S. The Synovex Plus (2), revalor-S (3) and Ralgro (4) were administered on day 1. The reimplant with revalor-s (4) was admnistered after 56 d on feed. Steers were managed in two groups. Initial BW and days fed were 782 Ib, 131 d (Group I), and 661 Ib, 145 d (Group 11). Implants increased production rates and efficiencies, increased carcass size and reduced marbling when compared to nonimplanted controls. Production rates and efficiencies and carcass sizes were similar among steers that received implants. Marbling scores and percentage choice carcasses were affected by implants. In general, the delayed use of an estradiol-trenbolone acetate implant improved marbling over d 1 implanting even though there were 56 fewer days on feed after implanting. The energy density of live weight gain was calculated over the course of the feeding period based upon interim period BW and DM1 determinations. Higher energy content of gain early in the feeding period for treatments 1 and 4 were related to marbling, while the energy content of gain late in feeding period was not. These data showed no differences in the relative effective duration of Synovex Plus and revalor-S implants. The influence of implants on carcass quality grades was affected by factors other than elapsed time from implanting to harvest. Robbi H. ~ritchard' Department of Animal and Range Sciences
THE MASS-LOSS RETURN FROM EVOLVED STARS TO THE LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD. II. DUST PROPERTIES FOR OXYGEN-RICH ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH STARS

We model multi-wavelength broadband UBVIJHKs and Spitzer IRAC and MIPS photometry and Infrared Spectrograph spectra from the SAGE and SAGE-Spectroscopy observing programs of two oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch (O-rich AGB) stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using radiative transfer (RT) models of dust shells around stars. We chose a star from each of the bright and faint O-rich AGB populations found by earlier studies of the SAGE sample in order to derive a baseline set of dust properties to be used in the construction of an extensive grid of RT models of the O-rich AGB stars found in the SAGE surveys. From the bright O-rich AGB population, we chose HV 5715, and from the faint O-rich AGB population we chose SSTISAGE1C J052206.92−715017.6 (SSTSAGE052206). We found the complex indices of refraction of oxygen-deficient silicates from Ossenkopf et al. and a power law with exponential decay grain size distribution like what Kim et al. used but with γ of −3.5, amin of 0.01 μm, and a0 of 0.1 μm to be reasonable dust properties for these models. There is a slight indication that the dust around the faint O-rich AGB may be more silica-rich than that around the bright O-rich AGB. Simple models of gas emission suggest a relatively extended gas envelope for the faint O-rich AGB star modeled, consistent with the relatively large dust shell inner radius for the same model. Our models of the data require the luminosity of SSTSAGE052206 and HV 5715 to be ∼5100 L☉ and ∼36,000 L☉, respectively. This, combined with the stellar effective temperatures of 3700 K and 3500 K, respectively, that we find best fit the optical and near-infrared data, suggests stellar masses of ∼3 M☉ and ∼7 M☉. This, in turn, suggests that HV 5715 is undergoing hot-bottom burning and that SSTSAGE052206 is not. Our models of SSTSAGE052206 and HV 5715 require dust shells of inner radius ∼17 and ∼52 times the stellar radius, respectively, with dust temperatures there of 900 K and 430 K, respectively, and with optical depths at 10 μm through the shells of 0.095 and 0.012, respectively. The models compute the dust mass-loss rates for the two stars to be 2.0 × 10−9 M☉ yr−1 and 2.3 × 10−9 M☉ yr−1, respectively. When a dust-to-gas mass ratio of 0.002 is assumed for SSTSAGE052206 and HV 5715, the dust mass-loss rates imply total mass-loss rates of 1.0 × 10−6 M☉ yr−1 and 1.2 × 10−6 M☉ yr−1, respectively. These properties of the dust shells and stars, as inferred from our models of the two stars, are found to be consistent with properties observed or assumed by detailed studies of other O-rich AGB stars in the LMC and elsewhere.
A comparison of very short lived halocarbon (VSLS) and DMS aircraft measurements in the tropical west Pacific from CAST, ATTREX and CONTRAST

Abstract. We present a comparison of aircraft measurements of halogenated very short lived substances (VSLSs) and dimethyl sulphide (DMS, C2H6S) from a co-ordinated campaign in January–February 2014 in the tropical west Pacific. Measurements were made on the NASA Global Hawk, NCAR Gulfstream-V High-performance Instrumented Airborne Platform for Environmental Research (GV HIAPER) and UK Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) BAe-146 (see Sect. 2.2) using four separate gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) instruments: one operated by the University of Miami (UoM), one from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) and two from the University of York (UoY). DMS was measured on the BAe-146 and GV. The instruments were inter-calibrated for halocarbons during the campaign period using two gas standards on separate scales: a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) SX-3581 standard representative of clean low-hydrocarbon air, and an Essex canister prepared by UoM, representative of coastal air, which was higher in VSLS and hydrocarbon content. UoY and NCAR use the NOAA scale/standard for VSLS calibration, and UoM uses a scale based on dilutions of primary standards calibrated by GC with FID (flame ionisation detector) and AED (atomic emission detector). Analysis of the NOAA SX-3581 standard resulted in good agreement for CH2Cl2, CHCl3, CHBr3, CH2Br2, CH2BrCl, CHBrCl2, CHBr2Cl, CH3I, CH2ICl and CH2I2 (average relative standard deviation (RSD)
Quality evaluation of cheese prepared by plant coagulants: Carica papaya and moringa oleifera leaves

Owing to the prevalence of numerous human ailments in current epoch, use of natural food in manufacturing of variant processed stuffs has captured the attention of researchers, quite considerably as they comprise of beneficial components. In this regard, utilization of plant derived enzymes is making its mark, attributable to their easy availability and resistivity to survive severe processing conditions i.e. temperature and pH. The purpose of the study was to extract protease from Carica papaya and Moringa oleifera leaves and cheese was manufactured by using different levels of extract concentrations as rennet substitute. Enzyme extract was subjected to protein content, milk clotting and proteolytic activity for the pursuit of its effectiveness in cheese preparation. Different cheese treatments were analyzed for their physicochemical, functional and sensory properties. Fat, moisture and protein contents showed highly significant (p<0.01) results in cheese. Whereas enzyme extract induced non-significant (p>0.05) effect on ash, acidity and pH values of cheese. Results showed that cheese manufactured by using papaya leaf extract i.e. T3 and T4 exhibited good chemical and functional attributes comparable to control i.e. T0 (use of rennet). In conclusion, papaya protease proved to be a good plant coagulant with gigantic potential to replace rennet.
Plant community analysis and effect of environmental factors on the diversity of woody species in the moist Afromontane forest of Wondo Genet, South Central Ethiopia

Abstract Floristic diversity and the composition of vascular plants are described for the moist Afromontane forest (MAF) of Wondo Genet, south-central Ethiopia. A total of 75 (20 x 20 m) quadrats were sampled and data on species identity, abundance, elevation, slope and aspect were recorded. Different diversity indices and ordination techniques were used to analyze the data. A total of 240 plant species including seven endemic plant species were found representing 94 families and 210 genera, of which trees constitute 23.8%, shrubs 25%, herbs 35%, lianas 11.3% and ferns 5%. Cluster and indicator species analyses revealed five plant communities described as: Teclea nobilis-Calpurnia aurea, Erythrococca trichogyne-Millettia ferruginea, Croton macrostachyus-Vernonia hochstetteri, Protea gaguedi-Rhus retinorrhoea and Dodonaea angustifolia-Hypericum quartinianum. Elevation (R2=0.48, P<0.001), slope (R2=0.14, P<0.001) and aspect (R2=0.04, P<0.01) correlated significantly and negatively with species richness, whereas only elevation (R2=0.30, P<0.001) and slope (R2=0.13, P<0.001) related significantly and negatively with abundance. Sørensen’s similarity coefficient indicates that the forest of Wondo Genet is similar to moist montane forests of southwestern and southeastern Ethiopia. Given the high diversity, coupled with the existence of endemic species, ecosystem conservation and restoration strategies with further research are warranted.
The Bushveld complex, a product of interaction among magmas derived from a mantle plume

The Bushveld Complex is a large magmatic province of uncertain origin. Its perceived immensity has attracted speculations of extraterrestrial origin by meteorite impact (Hamilton, 1970; Rhodes, 1975) or internal origin by mantle diapirism (Sharpe et al., 1981). Unsatisfactory as these apparently non-uniformitarian hypotheses may be, attempts to apply a uniformitarian plate tectonic hypothesis to the Bushveld Complex (Van Biljon, 1976; Hatton and Sharpe, 1989) are undermined by the demonstration that the Bushveld intrusives and associated volcanics are stratigraphically divorced from the underlying sediments (Schweitzer and Hatton, 1994). Plume tectonics are increasingly summonsed to account for unusual chemistries observed in Archaean komatites (Xie et al., 1993, McCuaig et al., 1994) and the associations of granite rocks with komatites (Hill et al., 1990), and may find application in the Bushveld Complex. Certain features of the Bushveld Complex are consistent with a plume origin. These are the radial distribution of intrusive centres and satellite bodies (Sharpe et al., 1981) and the increasing contribution of radiogenic Sr and Pb, possibly of crustal origin, during the evolution of the mafic intrusives (Kruger and Marsh 1982; Sharpe, 1985; Auret et al., 1989; Kruger, 1989). Accordingly this communication will attempt to assess the application of a plume hypothesis to the Bushveld complex. To that end the character of the Bushveld parental magmas and the interactions between them will be reviewed and the genesis of the chromite and PGEenriched layers will be considered in the framework of these interactions. The essential role that intrusion of colder magma plays in the genesis of these enriched layers and the possibility that plume tectonics might generate such cold magmas are the twin themes of this communication.
CSR reporting: a process for supply chain legitimation

Purpose – This conceptual paper aims to explore the legitimating process of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting in relation to supply chain management. The paper introduces a framework for the holistic evaluation of entire supply chain CSR reporting including the use of social audits. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is based on a review of CSR reporting literature and the role of CSR reporting as a legitimation tool of organisations that operate in distinct supply chains. The theoretical lens of three perspectives of legitimation; structural-functionalist; social constructionist; and hegemonic, are used to assess the drivers behind organisations in a supply chain to report CSR performance and management consistently and interdependently. Findings – The development and implementation of the framework for evaluating the CSR reporting of the entire supply chain, which includes social auditing, would be a valuable legitimation tool for organisations in a supply chain and also for the industry within which these organisations operate. Practical implications/limitations – This paper provides insights into the use of social audits as a legitimation tool for supply chains as a whole and organisations within the supply chain. Originality/value – This interdisciplinary concept paper contributes to both the social and environmental accounting literature and the supply chain management literature.
Laboratory evaluation of six improved cowpea Vigna unguiculata varieties for susceptibility to seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Storage

: Laboratory experiments were carried out to evaluate the susceptibility of six improved cowpea varieties to seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) attack at a temperature of 29 ± 2 °C and a relative humidity of 65 ± 3%. Fifty grams of each variety were weighed in Kilner jars (250ml) and infested with three females and two males of C. maculatus that were 1-2 days old. Data recorded were the physical characteristics of the cowpea varieties, number of eggs laid, percentage egg survival, number of emerged adults, duration of emergence (DE), mean developmental period (MDP), percentage seed weight loss, percentage seed damage and susceptibility index. The experiment was a completely randomised design with three replications. Results showed that significant differences (p < 0.05) existed in DE and MDP among the cowpea varieties studied. IT90K-76, IT98K-131, IT11D-15-21 and IT07K-299-6 performed significantly better in duration of emergence than IT10K-866-1 and TVx 3236. IT98K-131-1 performed significantly better in median developmental period (26.67 days) than other varieties except for IT90K-76 (22.67 days). Results showed that IT90K-76, IT10K-866-1 and IT98K-131-1 were moderately resistant while IT07K-299-6, IT11D-15-21 and TVx 3236 were susceptible. This study recommends IT90K-76 because it performed appreciably better in these parameters than the other cowpea varieties when infested with C. maculatus in storage.
Mexicans’ Emotion Regulation Strategies and Relationship Satisfaction by Gender

Vater and Schröder-Abé (2015) found that suppressing expression can potentially interrupt couple communication, therefore producing negative interpersonal behavior and diminishing satisfaction in the relationship. Considering that emotional regulation and relationship satisfaction have shown cultural variations, the object of the study was to assess the relationship of these two constructs in 166 male and 231 female Mexican young adults. Sánchez-Aragón’s (2012) Emotional Regulation Strategies Scale, adapted for couples, and Córtes, Reyes, Díaz-Loving, Rivera-Aragón, and Monjaraz’s (1994) Relationship Satisfaction Inventory were administered to the sample. Negative and significant correlations were found between both expressive suppression strategies and relationship satisfaction. Data is discussed in terms of the Mexican culture and in terms of gender differences, emphasizing the importance of acquiring skills and abilities to regulate emotions in close relationships. Emotion regulation becomes essential as it fulfills an important social function: it encourages the use of adequate strategies that allow couples’ better communication skills, better interpersonal resources and the possibility of solving and/or managing any conflict that may arise in a relationship. Therefore, the use of proper emotion regulation strategies becomes essential in promoting relationship satisfaction, diminishing the odds of deteriorated relationships, and promoting well-being and quality of the relationship.
Assessing the impact of organizational learning capability on product innovation performance: an empirical test

Abstract This paper examines how organizational learning capability affects product innovation performance. We define organizational learning capability through five dimensions or mechanisms: experimentation, risk taking, interaction with the external environment, dialogue and participative decision making. The impact of these mechanisms on product innovation performance is also analyzed. We use structural equations modeling to test our research hypotheses on a data set from the ceramic tile industry. Results support our conceptual model and underline the importance that learning has for innovation performance. Implications of the findings for both academics and practitioners are examined.