Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding IT Alignment Paradox: A Three-Way Interaction of Intellectual Alignment, Social Alignment, and Environmental Dynamism

IT alignment is generally considered to be an enabler of firm performance. However, the previous literature has found that IT alignment has no or even a negative effect on firm performance, suggesting an alignment paradox. This study aims to address this paradox by focusing on the examination of how agility is enhanced or reduced. We consider the boundary conditions of environmental dynamism under which the effect of IT alignment varies. We then conduct a paired-matched survey of business and IT executives in 148 organizations to empirically examine the proposed research model. Our findings suggest that environmental dynamism has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between intellectual alignment and organizational agility, but a positive moderating effect on the relationship between social alignment and organizational agility. Furthermore, we find that in dynamic environments, intellectual alignment increases organizational agility only when it is complemented by social alignment.
Risk of developing multiple primary cutaneous melanomas in patients with the classic atypical‐mole syndrome: a case‐control study

Summary The classic atypical‐mole syndrome (CAMS) and/or a history of malignant melanoma (MM)increases the risk for multiple melanomas. Case notes of 118 CAMS and 173 control patients, each with a history of MM, were reviewed for the occurrence of second primary MMs. The mean (±SD) age at diagnosis of the first MM was 38.8±12.8 and 48.9±14.7 years (P < 0.001) for CAMS cases and controls, respectively. Thirty‐two of 118 CAMS and 18 of 173 controls developed second primary MMs, for a cumulative 10‐year life‐table risk of 35.5% and 17.0%, respectively (P < 0.0001). The mean number of months from the time of diagnosis of the first to the second MM was 33.9±41.8 and 58.6±57.3 months for the CAMS and controls, respectively (P = 0.08). In both cohorts the second MMs were significantly thinner, compared with the first MMs. The relative risk (RR) for developing second MMs for CAMS patients was 3.2. The RR for the CAMS cohort compared with a matched population from the United States' Statistics, Epidemiology. End Results data base was 337, and for the controls the RR was 84. All patients with MMs are at significant risk for developing multiple MMs: the risk is greater for patients with CAMS. Periodic total cutaneous examinations are indicated for life in an attempt to identify new MMs when they are thin.
Adiponectin – a key adipokine in the metabolic syndrome

Adiponectin is a recently described adipokine that has been recognized as a key regulator of insulin sensitivity and tissue inflammation. It is produced by adipose tissue (white and brown) and circulates in the blood at very high concentrations. It has direct actions in liver, skeletal muscle and the vasculature, with prominent roles to improve hepatic insulin sensitivity, increase fuel oxidation [via up‐regulation of adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity] and decrease vascular inflammation. Adiponectin exists in the circulation as varying molecular weight forms, produced by multimerization. Recent data indicate that the high‐molecular weight (HMW) complexes have the predominant action in the liver. In contrast to other adipokines, adiponectin secretion and circulating levels are inversely proportional to body fat content. Levels are further reduced in subjects with diabetes and coronary artery disease. Adiponectin antagonizes many effects of tumour necrosis factor‐α(TNF‐α) and this, in turn, suppresses adiponectin production. Furthermore, adiponectin secretion from adipocytes is enhanced by thiazolidinediones (which also act to antagonize TNF‐α effects). Thus, adiponectin may be the common mechanism by which TNF‐α promotes, and the thiazolidinediones suppress, insulin resistance and inflammation. Two adiponectin receptors, termed AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, have been identified and these are ubiquitously expressed. AdipoR1 is most highly expressed in skeletal muscle and has a prominent action to activate AMPK, and hence promote lipid oxidation. AdipoR2 is most highly expressed in liver, where it enhances insulin sensitivity and reduces steatosis via activation of AMPK and increased peroxisome‐proliferator‐activated receptor α ligand activity. T‐cadherin, which is expressed in endothelium and smooth muscle, has been identified as an adiponectin‐binding protein with preference for HMW adiponectin multimers. Given the low levels of adiponectin in subjects with the metabolic syndrome, and the beneficial effect of the adipokine in animal studies, there is exciting potential for adiponectin replacement therapy in insulin resistance and related disorders.
Two or three interviews?

1. Murphy GS, Szokol JW, Marymont JH, Greenberg SB, Avram MJ, Vender JS, Nisman M: Intraoperative acceleromyographic monitoring reduces the risk of residuel neuromusculer blockade and adverse respiratory events in the postanesthesia care unit. ANESTHESIOLOGY 2008; 109:389–98 2. Kopman AF, Zank LM, Ng J, Neuman GG: Antagonism of cisatracurium and rocuronium block at a tactile train-of-four count of 2: Should quantitative assessment of neuromuscular function be mandatory? Anesth Analg 2004; 98:102–6 3. Viby-Mogensen J, Jensen NH, Engbaek J, Ording H, Skovgaard LT, Chraemmer-Jørgensen B: Tactile and visual evaluation of the response to train-of-four nerve stimulation. ANESTHESIOLOGY 1985; 63:440–3 4. Brull SJ, Silverman DG: Visual and tactile assessment of neuromuscular fade. Anesth Analg 1993; 77:352–5 5. Osmer C, Vogele C, Zickmann B, Hempelmann G: Comparative use of muscle relaxants and their reversal in three European countries: A survey in France, Germany and Great Britain. Eur J Anaesthesiol 1996; 13:389–99 6. Fuchs-Buder T, Hofmockel R, Geldner G, Diefenbach C, Ulm K, Blobner M: The use of neuromuscular monitoring in Germany. Anaesthesist 2003; 52:522–6 7. Grayling M, Sweeney BP: Recovery from neuromuscular blockade: A survey of practice. Anaesthesia 2007; 62:806–9 8. Gätke MR, Viby-Mogensen J, Rosenstock C, Jensen FS, Skovgaard LT: Postoperative muscle paralysis after rocuronium: Less residual block when acceleromyography is used. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002; 46:207–13 9. Mortensen CR, Berg H, el-Mahdy A, Viby-Mogensen J: Perioperative monitoring of neuromuscular transmission using acceleromyography prevents residual neuromuscular block following pancuronium. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1995; 39:797–801
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI STRESS BIOMARKERS OF SOME NUTRACEUTICALS IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Amelioration of oxidant and stress biomarkers of diabetes mellitus (DM) is the keyto better generate new therapy. The aim of the current study was to investigate the efficacy of aqueous garlic and onion extracts and camel milk in alloxan (ALX)-induced diabetic rats with respect to body gain, glucose, antioxidant defenses, anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-5), liver function tests, lipid profile, insulin and Cpeptide and pancreatic histopathology. For this purpose, 60 rats were divided into five groups: normal control, diabetic control (ALX), and ALX plus treatment groups (ALX + garlic, ALX + onion and ALX + camel milk). Serum levels of glucose, ALT, AST, ALP, TGs and cholesterol were significantly increased in ALX –induced diabetic group compared with normal group. This was accompanied with reduction of Hb, C-peptide, insulin, SOD, GSH-PX, CAT, IL-4 and IL-5. The recorded drop in blood glucose levels for camel milk, garlic and onion groups were 25.75%, 19.82% and 7.93% respectively when compared to the initial level after diabetes induction. ALXplus treatments were significantly decreased serum liver enzymes, oxidative markers and lipid profile versus each one alone. In the same time, ALX-induced inflammation was also mitigated via elevation of IL-4 and IL-5. The findings showed that garlic, onion, and camel milk treatments demonstrate a protective effect in ALX diabetic model of by modulation of oxidative and stress biomarkers. Whereas the pancreatic sections from ALX-plus treatment groups indicated the protective response. Further detailed studies are required for the evaluation of the exact protective mechanism of each treatment against diabetic complications in animal models.
Altered sperm chromatin structure in mice exposed to sodium fluoride through drinking water

This study investigated the effects of sodium fluoride (NaF) on sperm abnormality, sperm chromatin structure, protamine 1 and protamine 2 (P1 and P2) mRNA expression, and histones expression in sperm in male mice. NaF was orally administrated to male mice at 30, 70, and 150 mg/l for 49 days (more than one spermatogenic cycle). Sperm head and tail abnormalities were significantly enhanced at middle and high doses. Similarly, sperm chromatin structure was also adversely affected by NaF exposure, indicating DNA integrity damage. Furthermore, middle and high NaF significantly reduced the mRNA expressions of P1 and P2, and P1/P2 ratio, whereas the sperm histones level was increased, suggesting the abnormal histone‐protamine replacement. Therefore, we concluded that the mechanism by which F induced mice sperm abnormality and DNA integrity damage may involved in the alterations in P1, P2, and histones expression in sperm of mice. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 690–696, 2014.
m-Learning: An experiment in using SMS to support learning new English language words

There is an increase use of wireless technologies in education all over the world. In fact, wireless technologies such as laptop computers, palmtop computers and mobile phones are revolutionising education and transforming the traditional classroom-based learning and teaching into anytime and anywhere education.Thispaperinvestigatestheuseof wirelesstechnologiesineducation with particular reference to the potential of learning new technical English language words using Short Message Service (SMS) text messaging. The system,developedbytheauthors,calledmobilelearningtool(MOLT),hasbeen tested with 45 1st-year undergraduate students. The knowledge of students before and after the experiment has been measured. Our results show that students enjoyed and learned new words with the help of their mobile phones. We believe that using the MOLT system as an educational tool will contribute to the success of students.
Immunogens containing sequences from antigen Pf332 induce Plasmodium falciparum‐reactive antibodies which inhibit parasite growth but not cytoadherence

Immunogens based upon sequences from the P. falciparum asexual blood stage antigen Pf332 were assessed for their capacity to induce antibodies inhibiting parasite growth or cytoadherence of infected erythrocytes in vitro. Selection of the Pf332 sequences was based on their reactivity with the human monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 33G2 which inhibits parasite growth as well as cytoadherence in vitro. Octameric multiple antigen peptides (MAP) were assembled based upon either a trimer of the minimal epitope recognized by the MoAb, VTEEI, or a Pf332 sequence including that motif, SVTEE1AEEDK. A dimer of SVTEEIAEEDK was also expressed in Escherichia coli, genetically fused to ZZ, two IgG‐binding domains of staphylococcal protein A. Rabbit antibodies elicited by the immunogens reacted with Pf332 in immunofluorescence and in ELISA with Pf332 peptides which were also recognized by MoAb 33G2. The MAP with branched (VTEEI)3 peptide induced the highest litres of P. falci‐pamm‐reactive antibodies. In contrast to MoAb 33G2, none of the polyclonal Pf332 reactive sera cross‐reacted with repeat sequences of the malaria antigen Pf155jRESA. The polyclonal Pf332‐reactive antibodies inhibited parasite growth efficiently but had no or very low inhibitory effect in a cytoadherence assay. Thus, while Pf332 may be an important target for parasite neutralizing antibodies its involvement in cytoadherence is unclear.
Oxidoreductases for the remediation of organic pollutants in water – a critical review

Abstract Water contamination by various recalcitrant organic aromatic compounds is an emerging environmental issue that is increasingly attracting the attention of environmental scientists. A great majority of these recalcitrant pollutants are industrial wastes, textile dyes, pharmaceuticals, hormones, and personal care products that are discharged into wastewater. Not surprisingly, various chemical, physical, and biological strategies have been proposed and developed to remove and/or degrade these pollutants from contaminated water bodies. Biological approaches, specifically using oxidoreductase enzymes (such as peroxidases and laccases) for pollutant degradation are a relatively new and a promising research area that has potential advantages over other methods due to their higher efficiency and the ease of handling. This review focuses on the application of different classes of oxidoreductase enzymes to degrade various classes of organic pollutants. In addition to classifying these enzymes based on structural differences, the major factors that can affect their remediation ability, such as the class of peroxidases employed, pH, molecular structure of the pollutant, temperature, and the presence of redox mediators are also examined and discussed. Interestingly, a literature survey combined with our unpublished data suggests that “peroxidases” are a very heterogeneous and diverse family of enzymes and have different pH profiles, temperature optima, thermal stabilities, requirements for redox mediators, and substrate specificities as well as varying detoxification abilities. Additionally, remediation of real-life polluted samples by oxidoreductases is also highlighted as well as a critical look at current challenges and future perspectives.
Hermitian structure for the linearized Vlasov-Poisson and Vlasov-Maxwell equations.

The {ital linearized} Vlasov-Poisson and Vlasov-Maxwell equations are shown to have a structure closely related to the evolution equation of quantum mechanics, in terms of a nonstandard Hilbert space. This Hermitian structure yields information about spectral properties, as well as a theory for dynamical invariants. We find accordingly how certain well-known features of the spectrum generalize to the nonuniform case, and we also rederive a recently found exact dynamical invariant in a very natural and simple way.
Natural Hypolignification Is Associated with Extensive Oligolignol Accumulation in Flax Stems1[C][W]

Flax (Linum usitatissimum) stems contain cells showing contrasting cell wall structure: lignified in inner stem xylem tissue and hypolignified in outer stem bast fibers. We hypothesized that stem hypolignification should be associated with extensive phenolic accumulation and used metabolomics and transcriptomics to characterize these two tissues. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance clearly distinguished inner and outer stem tissues and identified different primary and secondary metabolites, including coniferin and p-coumaryl alcohol glucoside. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry aromatic profiling (lignomics) identified 81 phenolic compounds, of which 65 were identified, to our knowledge, for the first time in flax and 11 for the first time in higher plants. Both aglycone forms and glycosides of monolignols, lignin oligomers, and (neo)lignans were identified in both inner and outer stem tissues, with a preponderance of glycosides in the hypolignified outer stem, indicating the existence of a complex monolignol metabolism. The presence of coniferin-containing secondary metabolites suggested that coniferyl alcohol, in addition to being used in lignin and (neo)lignan formation, was also utilized in a third, partially uncharacterized metabolic pathway. Hypolignification of bast fibers in outer stem tissues was correlated with the low transcript abundance of monolignol biosynthetic genes, laccase genes, and certain peroxidase genes, suggesting that flax hypolignification is transcriptionally regulated. Transcripts of the key lignan genes Pinoresinol-Lariciresinol Reductase and Phenylcoumaran Benzylic Ether Reductase were also highly abundant in flax inner stem tissues. Expression profiling allowed the identification of NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC2) and MYB transcription factors that are likely involved in regulating both monolignol production and polymerization as well as (neo)lignan production.
Interprofessional education and collaborative practice

I thought I would begin by establishing the context for what we (health care providers and public health professionals) are about: we are all working in our various countries, communities and institutions to achieve longer and healthier lives for people. We want people to live long lives, to enable them to live healthy lives in which the burden and sufferings of disability are reduced. This is our overarching dream, our vision, our goal, our call to service. This overarching goal is true here in Canada. It is equally true in Guyana. It is no less the truth in Barbados, China, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, India, Tanzania or Uruguay. It is a common thread since this goal is universal and equally applies to developed countries such as the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, France and developing countries such as Botswana, Guyana and Haiti. It is embraced as an inalienable right for citizens everywhere in the world. Through our actions, health care providers have crafted our own holy grail. Long lives! Healthy lives! Lives that allow people to work for and achieve their full potential!
Impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on anxiety levels of front-line health care workers

Objective. To identify anxiety levels among front-line health care workers during the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak. Design. Questionnaire survey. Setting. Regional hospital, Hong Kong. Participants. All hospital staff were given a questionnaire; administrative staff who had not had any patient contact served as controls. Main outcome measures. Levels of contact with patients who had severe acute respiratory syndrome were measured and correlated with anxiety levels as determined by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results. Of 4252 questionnaires distributed between May and June 2003, 2040 (48.0%) were returned and 1926 (45.3%) were valid for analysis. Overall, 534 (27.7%) respondents had had contact with patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. Anxiety scores ranged from 20 to 80, and mean (standard deviation) scores were higher among staff who had had contact with patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome than among those who had not (52.6 [10.5] versus 49.8 [10.1], respectively; P<0.01). Mean anxiety levels were higher among workmen, health care assistants, and nurses than among administrative staff controls or doctors (P<0.01). Anxiety scores were correlated with burnout scores (Pearson’s correlation coefficient, 0.52-0.59) and with discomfort from wearing protective gear (0.21-0.32). Conclusion. Severe acute respiratory syndrome has likely stressed the public health care system. Prediction and early identification of adverse factors in a crisis situation would allow early implementation of interventions to reduce and counteract the impact of this stress.
Calpain as a Novel Regulator of Autophagosome Formation

Ubiquitously expressed mu- and m-calpain proteases consist of 80-kDa catalytic subunits encoded by the Capn1 and Capn2 genes, respectively, and a common 28-kDa regulatory subunit encoded by the calpain small 1 (Capns1) gene. The mu- and m-calpain proteases have been implicated in both pro- or anti-apoptotic functions. We have found that Capns1 depletion is coupled to increased sensitivity to apoptosis triggered by a number of autophagy-inducing stimuli in mammalian cells. Therefore we investigated the involvement of calpains in autophagy using MEFs derived from Capns1 knockout mice and Capns1 depleted human cells as model systems. We found that autophagy is impaired in Capns1-deficient cells by immunostaining of the endogenous autophagosome marker LC3 and electron microscopy experiments. Accordingly, the enhancement of lysosomal activity and long-lived proteins degradation, normally occurring upon starvation, are also reduced. In Capns1-depleted cells ectopic LC3 accumulates in early endosome-like vesicles that might represent a salvage pathway for protein degradation when autophagy is defective. Addendum to: Calpain is Required for Macroautophagy in Mammalian Cells Francesca Demarchi, Cosetta Bertoli, Tamara Copetti, Isei Tanida, Claudio Brancolini, Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen and Claudio Schneider J Cell Biol 2006; 175:595-605
Variability and Constancy in Cellular Growth of Arabidopsis Sepals1[OPEN]

The growth of cells in the developing sepal is highly variable, but all cells exhibit a surprisingly common, asynchronous maximum growth rate relative to their size. Growth of tissues is highly reproducible; yet, growth of individual cells in a tissue is highly variable, and neighboring cells can grow at different rates. We analyzed the growth of epidermal cell lineages in the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) sepal to determine how the growth curves of individual cell lineages relate to one another in a developing tissue. To identify underlying growth trends, we developed a continuous displacement field to predict spatially averaged growth rates. We showed that this displacement field accurately describes the growth of sepal cell lineages and reveals underlying trends within the variability of in vivo cellular growth. We found that the tissue, individual cell lineages, and cell walls all exhibit growth rates that are initially low, accelerate to a maximum, and decrease again. Accordingly, these growth curves can be represented by sigmoid functions. We examined the relationships among the cell lineage growth curves and surprisingly found that all lineages reach the same maximum growth rate relative to their size. However, the cell lineages are not synchronized; each cell lineage reaches this same maximum relative growth rate but at different times. The heterogeneity in observed growth results from shifting the same underlying sigmoid curve in time and scaling by size. Thus, despite the variability in growth observed in our study and others, individual cell lineages in the developing sepal follow similarly shaped growth curves.
Apoptotic Death of β Cells after Optic Nerve Transection in Adult Cats

We have revealed previously that the survival rate of β cells of cat retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) rapidly decreased to 29% on day 7 after optic nerve transection, whereas that of α cells slowly decreased to 64% on day 14 (Watanabe et al., 2001). The reason that β cells die more rapidly than α cells was not clear. In the present study, we tested the possibility that the rapid death of β cells is attributable to apoptosis, as shown for some axotomized RGCs in rats. The following results were obtained. First, the proportion of pyknotic cells in Nissl-stained cat retinas started to increase sharply starting on day 4 and reached a peak on day 6 after optic nerve transection. The time course of occurrence of pyknotic cells corresponded well with that of the rapid death of axotomized β cells. Secondly, the proportion of pyknotic cells was the highest in the area centralis (AC), in which β cells are densely distributed. The preferential death of axotomized RGCs in the AC was also confirmed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated UTP nick end labeling staining in cross sections. Thirdly, after the intravitreal injection of caspase 3 inhibitor (z-DEVD-cmk) the survival of axotomized β cells on day 7 was significantly enhanced, whereas no such survival-promoting effect was obtained in axotomized α cells. Taken together, these results suggest that the rapid death of axotomized β cells is attributable mainly to apoptosis, which is mediated by caspase 3.