Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What are the risks associated with different Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) to treat depression and anxiety in pregnancy? An evaluation of current evidence.

A literature review was conducted to elucidate the respective reproductive safety profiles of different SSRIs to inform the prescribing practices of doctors treating pregnant women with anxiety and depression. BACKGROUND Women are most likely to be diagnosed with depression or anxiety between the ages of 25 and 44 years, which are also the years of childbearing potential (Burke et al., 1991). Therefore a substantial number of women face a decision about whether or not to take an antidepressant or anxiolytic during pregnancy. There are no psychotropic medications that have UK marketing authorisation (NICE, 2014), no clear clinical consensus has been reached regarding the use of SSRIs in pregnancy, and clinicians lack a resource which discusses the reproductive safety profiles of different SSRIs rather than the class of drugs as a whole. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We performed a search for the English language literature indexed on MEDLINE/PubMed for the period 2012 to 2017, using the following key terms: fluoxetine, prozac, paxil, oxactin, paroxetine, seroxat, sertraline, lustral, citalopram, cipramil, escitalopram, cipralex, fluvoxamine, faverin, with 'pregnant woman', 'pregnant women', pregnancy. We excluded general SSRI and pregnancy articles (although we did read these papers for valuable background information) because we are interested in elucidating the differences between the drugs in this class, rather than the general effects of the SRRI class as a whole. RESULTS The literature shows that paroxetine and fluoxetine have the strongest association with negative outcomes (significant malformations, PPHN and PNAS) whilst the associations between sertraline and citalopram with negative outcomes remains mixed and generally unsubstantiated when studies that show an association are controlled for the effects of maternal depression and associated factors. There are too few studies to draw definite conclusions regarding the safety of escitalopram and fluvoxamine. CONCLUSIONS Sertraline and citalopram should be first-line drug treatments for anxiety and depression in pregnant women in the SSRI class. Sertraline can be continued in breast-feeding as the concentration found in breast milk is very low and has not been linked to infant complications. Furthermore, it would be useful to assess GPs current knowledge and confidence levels about prescribing, to see whether further education is needed in this area to encourage an open discussion of the risks and benefits of medication or no medication. It would also be useful to conduct further research on escitalopram which is likely to grow in popularity in the coming years as it came off patent in 2012. When these holes are filled, a clinical protocol for treating anxiety and depression in pregnant women should be created and implemented for the UK population.
Evaluation of a two‐part regression calibration to adjust for dietary exposure measurement error in the Cox proportional hazards model: A simulation study

Dietary questionnaires are prone to measurement error, which bias the perceived association between dietary intake and risk of disease. Short‐term measurements are required to adjust for the bias in the association. For foods that are not consumed daily, the short‐term measurements are often characterized by excess zeroes. Via a simulation study, the performance of a two‐part calibration model that was developed for a single‐replicate study design was assessed by mimicking leafy vegetable intake reports from the multicenter European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. In part I of the fitted two‐part calibration model, a logistic distribution was assumed; in part II, a gamma distribution was assumed. The model was assessed with respect to the magnitude of the correlation between the consumption probability and the consumed amount (hereafter, cross‐part correlation), the number and form of covariates in the calibration model, the percentage of zero response values, and the magnitude of the measurement error in the dietary intake. From the simulation study results, transforming the dietary variable in the regression calibration to an appropriate scale was found to be the most important factor for the model performance. Reducing the number of covariates in the model could be beneficial, but was not critical in large‐sample studies. The performance was remarkably robust when fitting a one‐part rather than a two‐part model. The model performance was minimally affected by the cross‐part correlation.
Effect of stimulus type and motion on smooth pursuit in adults and children. Optometry

Purpose: This study presents a 2º customized animated stimulus developed to evaluate 40 smooth pursuit in children and investigates the effect of its predetermined 41 characteristics (stimulus type and size) in an adult population. Then, the animated 42 stimulus is used to evaluate the impact of different pursuit motion paradigms in 43 children. 44 Methods: To study the effect of animating a stimulus, eye movement recordings were 45 obtained from 20 young adults while the customised animated stimulus and a standard 46 dot stimulus were presented moving horizontally at a constant velocity. In order to 47 study the effect of using a larger stimulus size, eye movement recordings were obtained 48 from 10 young adults while presenting a standard dot stimulus of different size (1º and 49 2º) moving horizontally at a constant velocity. Finally, eye movement recordings were 50 obtained from 12 children while the 2º customized animated stimulus was presented 51 following three different smooth pursuit motion paradigms. Performance parameters, 52 including gains and number of saccades, were calculated for each stimulus condition. 53 Results: The animated stimulus produced in young adults significantly higher velocity 54 gain (mean: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.90-0.96; p=0.014), position gain (0.93; 0.85-1; p=0.025), 55 proportion of smooth pursuit (0.94; 0.91-0.96, p=0.002) and fewer saccades (5.30; 3.64- 56 6.96, p=0.008) than a standard dot (velocity gain: 0.87; 0.82-0.92; position gain: 0.82; 57 0.72-0.92; proportion smooth pursuit: 0.872; 0.83-0.90; number of saccades: 7.75; 58 5.30-10.46). In contrast, changing the size of a standard dot stimulus from 1º to 2º did 59 not have an effect on smooth pursuit in young adults ( p >0.05). Finally, smooth pursuit performance did not significantly differ in children for the different motion paradigms when using the animated stimulus (p>0.05). Conclusions: Attention-grabbing and more dynamic stimuli, such the developed 63 animated stimulus might potentially be useful for eye movement research. Finally, with 64 such stimuli, children perform equally well irrespective of the motion paradigm used.
Effect of ferroelectric nanodomains in perovskite solar cells

In this work we consider the effect of ferroelectric nanodomains on hybrid CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells. Two-dimensional models of ferroelectric domains are obtained with Metropolis Monte Carlo, considering one effective rotating dipole in each crystal cell. Transport properties of perovskite samples are obtained using drift-diffusion calculations, including local polarization field. We show that the presence of nanodomains have a strong impact on transport and charge carrier separation.
The Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour on Employee’s job satisfaction, commitment and turnover intention in Dining Restaurants Malaysia

Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCBs) are those discretionary behaviors that employees are willing to exhibit without expecting any kind of reward in return. One of the most important challenges faced by the management has been evaluating employees' performance; this is because the key to accessing constant organizational enhancement is in the aptitude to frequently assess employees’ performance. The purpose of this study is to examine the Impact of organization citizenship behavior (OCB) on employees’ Job Satisfaction, Job Commitment and Turnover Intentions. The study uses past literatures and the combination of two frameworks from Islam et al. (2011) and Aslam (2012) framework as a model to evaluate employees’ behavior in The Seduction Restaurant group Sdn Bhd. (OCB) factors include Altruism, Conscientiousness and Civic Virtue. This study was conducted in a private company in Malaysia, and for this purpose 100 employees of the Seduction Restaurant group Sdn Bhd were used as sample. A convenience sampling was used, questionnaires were used as primary data collection instrument, and the Statically Package for Social Sciences Program 20. (SPSS) was used to analyze the data. The result of the study showed that OCB dimensions are positively related to Job satisfaction and job commitment, and negatively related to turnover intentions. Therefore OCB dimensions have a great effect on Job satisfaction, Job commitment and Turnover intentions which were held accountable for employees’ of dinning restaurants in Malaysia. This study provides procedures and insight that will help managers, to understand the benefit of OCB dimensions on employees’ Job satisfaction, Job commitment and turnover intentions. Key Terms: Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), Job Satisfaction, Job Commitment, Turnover Intentions, Altruism, Conscientiousness, Civic Virtue.
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN DAN RASIO KECUKUPAN DANA PADA DANA PENSIUN PEMBERI KERJA MANFAAT PASTI DI INDONESIA

Each year the Association of Pension Funds awarded to the pension fund is considered to have the best possible performance in furthering the pension fund as a legal entity in a professional manner to create a state fund adequacy ratio > 120% of the pension fund adequacy ratio has been met. This is done so that pension benefit payments made to the amount, timing and the right people. This study aims to empirically prove the difference in financial performance of pension fund employer defined-benefit ratio in Indonesia on the adequacy of the funds that have not been met with funding adequacy ratios are met and the influence of age pension fund adequacy ratio has been met. Research conducted on the entire population of employer pension benefit plan in Indonesia to submit financial and investments statements and reports to the Bureau of Pension Fund. Statistical methods used to test the research hypothesis is a test Mann Whitney / U test and regression analysis. The results showed in 2008 until 2010 there were significant differences in financial performance in the form of Return On Investment, Operational Cost Efficiency and Investment Portfolio Optimization and shown with better conditions in employer pension funds with defined benefit funds adequacy ratio has been met . And to the financial performance of Investment Cost Efficiency with the results found significant differences in financial performance and demonstrated with a better state pension fund by the fund adequacy ratios that have not been met. To the financial performance of pension fund growth showed no significant difference. Being for the variable age did not affect the ratio of the sufficiency of funds that have been fulfilled. Key Words: Financial Performance. Fund Adequacy Ratio, Age Pension Fund
Multiple feedback loops through cytokinin signaling control stem cell number within the Arabidopsis shoot meristem

A central unanswered question in stem cell biology, both in plants and in animals, is how the spatial organization of stem cell niches are maintained as cells move through them. We address this question for the shoot apical meristem (SAM) which harbors pluripotent stem cells responsible for growth of above-ground tissues in flowering plants. We find that localized perception of the plant hormone cytokinin establishes a spatial domain in which cell fate is respecified through induction of the master regulator WUSCHEL as cells are displaced during growth. Cytokinin-induced WUSCHEL expression occurs through both CLAVATA-dependent and CLAVATA-independent pathways. Computational analysis shows that feedback between cytokinin response and genetic regulators predicts their relative patterning, which we confirm experimentally. Our results also may explain how increasing cytokinin concentration leads to the first steps in reestablishing the shoot stem cell niche in vitro.
A perfect smoother.

The well-known and popular Savitzky-Golay filter has several disadvantages. A very attractive alternative is a smoother based on penalized least squares, extending ideas presented by Whittaker 80 years ago. This smoother is extremely fast, gives continuous control over smoothness, interpolates automatically, and allows fast leave-one-out cross-validation. It can be programmed in a few lines of Matlab code. Theory, implementation, and applications are presented.
The Relationship of Corporate Social Responsibility, Consumer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty: an Empirical Study

The present paper aims to confirm the influence of CSR policies on Perceived Value for the consumers, and the influence of this value on satisfaction and loyalty. To achieve this purpose, a causal model which establishes the relationship between those variables has been developed and empirically tested. In order to verify the proposed hypothesis a structured survey was developed. The survey was given to a sample of 708 customers of modern distribution retail stores (supermarkets and hypermarkets) in Spain. All hypotheses are supported. Thus confirming that the consumer perception on CSR policies carried out by the retailer influence on customer perceived value. As this variable affect satisfaction and loyalty. These results also confirm the indirect influence of CSR on customer satisfaction, through the perceived value. In addition, we analyzed the results based on the degree of involvement of the consumers with social responsibility. The study demonstrated that more involved socially consumers have significantly higher average scores than consumers with low social involvement on all the variables analyzed.
Evolution — An Introduction

This book is an excellent, well researched and comprehensive reference work for all areas of equine genetic. It covers topics from phylogeny to the measure of performance traits and will be a useful source of information for years to come. It is written in a style that is straight forward, easy to read and never super ̄uous. The layout of each chapter is very clear and the chapters are organized well in relation to each other according to subject area. The list of references at the end of each chapter is very thorough. In the early chapters, photographs of the various examples of the Equus subgenera and the not so familiar horse breeds, such as the `Yakut', would have been a welcome addition to the written descriptions, which tend be tedious at the best of times. In addition, a picture of the skeleton and musculature of the horse at the beginning would have been helpful in those chapters that include descriptions of research on particular muscle areas, etc. The chapter on `Genetic Resources and their Conservation' was particularly relevant, as breeders often do not consider the implications of their present breeding goals in the context of their use of only a few selected families in the production of sport horses. Perhaps this should have been the concluding chapter, as it summarizes the types of constraints and challenges that are facing horse breeders world-wide. As a teacher, I feel that this is not necessarily a book for undergraduates because some of the material requires a good knowledge of genetics in order to understand particular chapters, for example those covering the topics on `Immunogenetics', `Cytogenetics' and `Physical Gene Maps'. Most importantly, this book highlights the wealth of research that has been carried out in equines and also emphasizes the research that still needs to be done, for example in the chapter entitled the `Genetics of Conformation, Locomotion and Physiological Traits', where the importance of conformation on breeding selection is discussed. The glossary is a very thoughtful and useful addition, especially for those who are not directly involved in horses. However, the index is disappointingly short and at 11 pages really needed to be increased in size. In conclusion, this is a book that covers all relevant areas of equine genetics in a useful and comprehensive manner and it is one that any person involved in teaching, research or development within the horse industry should have on their bookshelf.
Thyroid cancer: reproductive factors, previous diseases, drug intake, family history and diet. A case‐control study

An association between female sex hormones and thyroid cancer has been suggested, but the only well-established risk factor is ionizing radiation. This case-control study was designed to evaluate the association between different aetiological factors and thyroid cancer and encompassed 180 cases aged 20–70 years at the time of diagnosis in 1980–89, and 360 controls. The response rate was 92%. A history of one pregnancy gave increased risk for papillary thyroid cancer, odds ratio (OR) = 3.1, 95% confidence interval (CD = 1.0–11, whereas no increased risk was found for ≥ four pregnancies. Age ≥ 25 years at the time of the first pregnancy showed a non-significantly increased risk for papillary thyroid cancer, OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 0.8–3.0. Use of oral contraceptives before the age of 20 years gave an OR of 0.5, 95% CI = 0.1–1.3. A history of asthma or allergy, or the use of cortisone, significantly decreased the risk, while cardiovascular disease in men increased the risk of developing thyroid cancer. In the logistic regression, use of cortisone decreased the risk, while one pregnancy gave a significantly increased risk in papillary thyroid cancer. The results indicated that endogenous hormones may play a role in the aetiology of thyroid cancer in women.
Taxol and platinum chemotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic and jejunal carcinoma

Pancreatic cancer and jejunal cancer are aggressive diseases with grim prognoses. The long term survival of pancreatic carcinoma is still one of the worst of all cancers. Ninety‐five percent of the patients die of their disease within 5 years [Wagener et al: Ann Oncol 5(Suppl 3): S87‐S90, 1994]. Eighty‐five percent of patients with jejunal carcinoma die of their disease within 5 years [Lioe, Biggart: J Clin Pathol 43: 533‐536, 1990]. To date, there are disappointingly few effective cytotoxic agents in the treatment of these cancers.
Demographic differences on service quality and perceived value in private online shopping clubs

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the differences of demographic variables on e-service quality and perceived value in private online shopping clubs. How demographics differ in service quality and perceived value in private online shopping club was the research question, and the hypotheses were developed based on this question. The questionnaire contained three parts as the questions regarding online shopping behavior, demographic questions, and the constructs of E-S-QUAL, and perceived value. The survey was administered to a random sample of 280 college students by the technique of face-to-face survey. Findings showed that there was no significant gender difference on e-service quality and perceived value, however age and the length of private online shopping had significant differences on e-service quality and perceived value. Income level had no significant difference on e-service quality whereas it had a significant difference on perceived value. This study was unique and original since there were no studies found in the literature that showed the effects of demographic differences on service quality and value in private online shopping clubs, particularly regarding generational age differences in terms of Generation Y and Generation Z.
Effect of pre-incubation storage conditions on hatchability, chick weight at hatch and hatching time in broiler breeders

1. Eggs were stored for two different times at varying temperatures. The effects on hatch1 ability, chick weight at hatch and hatching time were examined in two broiler breeder lines from 33 to 58 weeks of age. 2. Short storage (1 to 3 d). Storage at 20°C compared with 16.5°C reduced hatchability of all eggs set. No effect was observed on hatchability of fertile eggs, hatching time or chick weight. 3. Long storage (9 to 11 d). Storage at 16.5°C compared with 10°C decreased both hatchability of fertile eggs and chick weight at hatch. Incidence of early embryonic death increased and incubation time decreased at 16.5°C compared with 10°C. 4. Chicks from morning eggs were heavier than those from afternoon eggs irrespective of storage conditions. 5. Hatchability (all eggs set and fertile eggs) and chick weight varied with hen age irrespective of storage conditions. During long storage, hatching time varied with hen age independently of breeder line, storage temperature or egg laying time. 6. Hatchability (all eggs set and fertile eggs) was higher in line A than in line B. Line B eggs hatched later and produced heavier chicks than line A eggs irrespective of storage time.
Age of major depression onset, depressive symptoms, and risk for subsequent dementia: results of the German Study on Ageing, Cognition, and Dementia in Primary Care Patients (AgeCoDe)

Background Whether late-onset depression is a risk factor for or a prodrome of dementia remains unclear. We investigated the impact of depressive symptoms and early- v. late-onset depression on subsequent dementia in a cohort of elderly general-practitioner patients (n = 2663, mean age = 81.2 years). Method Risk for subsequent dementia was estimated over three follow-ups (each 18 months apart) depending on history of depression, particularly age of depression onset, and current depressive symptoms using proportional hazard models. We also examined the additive prediction of incident dementia by depression beyond cognitive impairment. Results An increase of dementia risk for higher age cut-offs of late-onset depression was found. In analyses controlling for age, sex, education, and apolipoprotein E4 genotype, we found that very late-onset depression (aged ⩾70 years) and current depressive symptoms separately predicted all-cause dementia. Combined very late-onset depression with current depressive symptoms was specifically predictive for later Alzheimer's disease (AD; adjusted hazard ratio 5.48, 95% confidence interval 2.41–12.46, p < 0.001). This association was still significant after controlling for cognitive measures, but further analyses suggested that it was mediated by subjective memory impairment with worries. Conclusions Depression might be a prodrome of AD but not of dementia of other aetiology as very late-onset depression in combination with current depressive symptoms, possibly emerging as a consequence of subjectively perceived worrisome cognitive deterioration, was most predictive. As depression parameters and subjective memory impairment predicted AD independently of objective cognition, clinicians should take this into account.