Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Probiotic effect of lactobacillus bacteria on their host A-review

Lactobacillus species are very important probiotic bacteria and they are compatible with the human gastrointestinal system because of their innate resistance to bile, acid and interfering enzymes such as pepsin and pepsinogen. Probiotics like lactobacillus bacteria stimulate and regulate the host's immune system by initiating the activation of specific genes of host cells. They are used to manage irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases, inhibition of endogenous/ exogenous pathogens from intestine, removal of food allergy symptoms from infants by immunomodulation, reduction of serum cholesterol, initiation of lactose tolerance to increase, and minimize the risk factor for colon cancer. Probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics and synbiotics are commonly consumed as preparations with active live cultures and contain bacteria, like lactobacilli that have been isolated from natural environments. The species of the genus Lactobacillus: L. plantarum, L. fermentum and L. Salivarius, from fermented fruits and vegetables have a wide antibacterial spectrum (ZDI: 26 28 mm), and they prevent food borne bacterial pathogens. Prebiotics have a function to enhance both beneficial bacteria and very well administered probiotic bacteria. So as we have seen here probiotic lactobacillus bacteria’s have the effect of immunity development, inhibition of pathogens and other health effect on their hosts.
How Risky are the U.S. Corporate Assets?

We use market data on corporate bonds and equities to measure the value of U.S. corporate assets and their payouts to investors. In contrast to per share equity dividends, total corporate payouts are very volatile, turn negative when corporations raise capital, and are acyclical. This challenges the notion of risk and return since the risk premium on corporate assets is comparable to the standard equity premium. To reconcile this evidence, we show empirically that aggregate net issuances are acyclical and highly volatile, and mask a strong exposure of total payouts' cash components to low-frequency growth risks. We develop an asset-pricing framework to quantitatively assess this economic channel.
Effects of Short Term Waterlogging and Nitrogen Top Dressing on Leaf Photosynthesis and Carbon Partitioning in Short Duration

Apparent photosynthetic rate of leaf (Pa), stomatal conductance to water vapor (Gs) and leaf N concentration (Lf-N) of pigeonpea grown in a Vertisol field were depressed by 3-day waterlogging. Pa, Gs and Lf-N were 35,19 and 70%, respectively, of the control plants at 1 day after the end of the waterlogging treatment (DAW). Lf-N and Pa recovered simultaneously during the subsequent period of waterlogging by the of implementation of N top-dressing (50 kg ha-1) at 1 DAW, while Gs did not recover sufficiently to the level of the control plants. Shortduration pigeonpea accumulated more starch in stems when the normal root activity was severely depressed by the waterlogging treatment. During the subsequent recovery period, the amount of starch accumulated in stems decreased gradually without N top-dressing, while more rapidly with N top-dressing. 14C export from the 14C-fed leaf of short-duration pigeonpea was significantly depressed immediately after 3-day waterlogging, but recovered quickly and a considerable amount of 14C was transferred to stems soon after the release from waterlogging. In the present study we observed that short-term waterlogging reduced the Pa of short duration pigeonpea and the early Pa depression might be caused mainly by the decrease of Gs, while the continued depression of Pa after waterlogging would be limited by Lf-N. We also concluded that short-duration pigeonpea could store photoassimilates temporarily in stems and utilize them to survive under the unfavorable conditions such as waterlogging and that N top-dressing could promote the utilization for the recovery.
Mechanical Behavior of Mushy Zone in DC casting using a Viscoplastic Material Model

Direct Chill (DC) casting is a semi-continuous metal manufa cturing process for producing non-ferrous alloys such as aluminum and magnesium. During the solidification of the a lloy, there exists a semi-solid state of material known as mushy zone which is more prone to hot tearing. Precis e modeling of hot tearing is the most challenging task due to the interaction of many physical fields. The defor mation of the partially coherent solid strongly influences the hot cracking. This work focuses on the material beh avior of the mushy zone which is the prerequisite for the development of hot tearing criteria. The rate-depen dent nature plays a crucial role at higher temperatures. Therefore, the viscoplastic material models with temperat ure-dependent coefficients are implemented for the characterization of the mushy zone. The numerical integration o f the constitute equations are explained in detail. The liquid flow is neglected, and the momentum and energy equatio ns are solved for the mushy and solid phases. With the help of a viscoplastic material models, the stress and st rain evolution in the mushy zone is captured. It is found that the state of stress in mushy region is tensile in nature w hich is a favorable situation for the hot cracks. The influence of the casting speed and secondary cooling on the mu shy stress state are analyzed in detail.
Particle-filter-based Pose Estimation from Controlled Motion with Application to Visual Servoing Regular

In this paper, we present a Bayesian algorithm based on particle filters to estimate the camera pose for vision-based control. The state model is represented as a relative camera pose between the current and initial camera frames. The particles in the prior motion model are drawn using the velocity control signal collected from the visual controller of the robot. The pose samples are evaluated using an epipolar geometry measurement model and a suitable weight is associated with each sample. The algorithm takes advantage of the a priori knowledge about motion, i.e., the velocity computed by the visual servo control, to estimate the magnitude of the translation in addition to its direction, hence producing a full camera motion estimate. Its application to position-based visual servoing is demonstrated. Experiments are carried out using a real robot setup. The results show the efficiency of the proposed filter over the motion measurements of the robot. In addition, the filter was able to recover the split performed by the robot joints.
User Grouping for Hybrid VLC/RF Networks With NOMA: A Coalitional Game Approach

Recently, visible light communication (VLC) networks have emerged as a promising alternative for indoor data access, due to high data rate, low implementation cost, and immunity to radio frequency (RF) interference. However, the co-existence of VLC with the RF access points as well as the dependence of VLC to room illumination compel both technologies to work in parallel and thus, to form a hybrid heterogeneous VLC/RF network. This network offers the advantages of both technologies, namely increased capacity and ubiquitous coverage. Furthermore, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a very promising candidate technique for the next generation of wireless networks, mainly due to its increased spectrum efficiency compared to orthogonal access schemes. However, the optimal user grouping in NOMA is a combinatorial NP-complete problem, which calls for low complexity techniques. To this end, in this paper, we propose the use of coalitional game theory, where the users served by the same access point (VLC or RF) form a single coalition, while the users can switch through coalitions based on their payoff. A novel utility function is proposed that takes into account the peculiarities of the NOMA hybrid VLC/RF network. Finally, a coalition formation algorithm is presented as well as an efficient power allocation policy. Computer simulations validate the presented analysis and reveal the effectiveness of the proposed user grouping scheme compared to an opportunistic approach.
Predicting Task Persistence within a Learning-by-Teaching Environment

We attempted to model task persistence, a student attribute reflecting one’s dispositional need to complete difficult tasks in the face of frustration, within a learning by teaching intelligent tutoring system (ITS) called SimStudent. We used the interaction logs of 32 students from the Philippines to develop a Naïve Bayes model to detect task persistence. Using forward feature selection, an optimized set of predictors was derived. Out of 11 candidate features, those that significantly predicted task persistence were time on task, time spent on resources after failure, number of re-attempts to unsolved problems, and proportion of difficult problems attempted.
A MICOS – TIM 22 Promotes Carrie Human Mitochon

Mitochondrial membrane proteins with internal targeting signals are inserted into the inner membrane by the carrier translocase (TIM22 complex). For this, precursors have to be initially directed from the TOM complex in the outer mitochondrial membrane across the intermembrane space toward the TIM22 complex. How these two translocation processes are topologically coordinated is still unresolved. Using proteomic approaches, we find that the human TIM22 complex associates with the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex. This association does not appear to be conserved in yeast, whereby the yeast MICOS complex instead interacts with the presequence translocase. Using a yeast mic10Δ strain and a HEK293T MIC10 knockout cell line, we characterize the role of MICOS for protein import into the mitochondrial inner membrane and matrix. We find that a physiological cristae organization promotes efficient import via the presequence pathway in yeast, while in human mitochondria, the MICOS complex is dispensable for protein import along the presequence pathway. However, in human mitochondria, the MICOS complex is required for the efficient import of carrier proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Our analyses suggest that in human mitochondria, positioning of the carrier translocase at the crista junction, and potentially in vicinity to the TOM complex, is required for efficient transport into the inner membrane. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Chemical Composition and Thermal Behavior of Kraft

Lignin has great potential for utilization as a green raw material or as an additive in various industrial applications, such as energy, valuable chemicals, or cost-effective materials. In this study, we assessed a commercial form of lignin isolated using LignoBoost technology (LB lignin) as well as three other types of lignin (two samples of non-wood lignins and one hardwood kraft lignin) isolated from the waste liquors produced during the pulping process. Measurements were taken for elemental analysis, methoxyl and ash content, higher heating values, thermogravimetric analysis, and molecular weight determination. We found that the elemental composition of the isolated lignins affected their thermal stability, activation energies, and higher heating values. The lignin samples examined showed varying amounts of functional groups, inorganic component compositions, and molecular weight distributions. Mean activation energies ranged from 93 to 281 kJ/mol. Lignins with bimodal molecular weight distribution were thermally decomposed in two stages, whereas the LB lignin showing a unimodal molecular weight distribution was decomposed in a single thermal stage. Based on its thermal properties, the LB lignin may find direct applications in biocomposites where a higher thermal resistance is required.
Association of VEGF + 936 C / T ,-634 G / C ,-2578 C / A and-1154 G / A polymorphisms with preeclampsia risk in Chinese pregnant women

Our study aimed to investigate the association between preeclampsia and VEGF +936C/T, -634G/C, -2578C/A and -1154G/A polymorphisms and risk of in the Han Chinese pregnant women. A total of 128 PE cases and 128 normal pregnant women as control were enrolled in a Chinese population. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the genes and sequencing methods were used to genotype VEGF SNPs +936C/T, -634G/C, -2578C/A and -1154G/A. The association between VEGF SNPs +936C/T, -634G/C, -2578C/A and -1154G/A and risk of PE was assessed by the single factor and multiple factors logistic regression. We observed that the TT genotype of VEGF +936C/T was associated with an increased risk of PE when compared with the CC genotype (OR=2.49, 95% CI=1.32-4.68). In recessive model, those carrying the TT genotype of VEGF +936C/T had an strong increased risk of PE in comparison to those with CC+CT genotype (OR=2.43, 95% CI=1.32-4.48). We found the VEGF +936C/T had interaction with smoking and drinking in the risk of PE. In conclusion, the TT genotype of VEGF +936C/T polymorphism have an increased risk of PE, and have an interaction with smoking and drinking. VEGF +936C/T polymorphism could be a susceptibility biomarker for PE.
Postnatal Exposure to High Altitude Hypoxia Induces Developmental Changes in Rat Testis.

Introduction: Recently, there are great concerns regarding effects of high altitude hypoxia on postnatal rat testicular development which intern may affects spermatogenesis. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of high altitude hypoxia on plasma hormonal levels and haematocrit values. Method: This study was carried out at two different altitudes in the southern Saudi Arabia. Sixty neonate’s wistar rats were divided into two groups; control group (24) rats and hypoxic group (36) rats. Control Rats subdivided into six subgroups while hypoxic rats were subdivided into six groups. Blood samples were taken directly from the eye orbital vein. Hormonal levels and haematocrit values were measured on days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 45. Result: Testosterone secretion in hypoxic rats compared to control showed marked reduction after postnatal day 21. Whereas, levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) measured at weeks 4, 5 and 6 of high altitude (HA) rats were decreased significantly as compared to their corresponding levels measured at low altitude (LA). This study showed a weekly gradual increase in serum levels of this hormone during the first 6 weeks of postnatal development of control rats. While, the value of cortisol obtained in any week was significantly higher than its value of the preceding week. Moreover, significant reductions in Haematocrit (Hct) percentages were reported from week 2 to 6 in HA rats more than in LA rats. Conclusion: that postnatal exposure to high altitude hypoxia adversely affects testicular hormones level and Haematocrit values.
Seasonal Variation of 210 Po in Different Salinity : Case of Kuala Selangor River , West Coast Peninsular Malaysia

The relationship, input and output of Po has been investigated in the dissolved (<0.4 m) and particulate (>0.4 m) samples collected from six stations in the Kuala Selangor River, where each station selected had a different salinity; ranging from the low salinity of surface layer water to the coastal oceanic water. The sampling discussed in this paper was undertaken on three dates; 22 May 2005 (during the dry season), 19 November 2005 (during the wet season) and 26 March 2006 (at the end of the wet season). Water samples were collected to measure the activities of Po after spontaneous deposition on a silver disc; with their activitiy determined through the use of an alpha spectrometry analyzer. The mean activity of total Po, which was found to alter according to the sampling dates, was noted as 57.83 ± 12.26 dpm L, 22.90 ± 3.21 dpm L and 11.83 ± 4.13 dpm L for the samples from 22 May 2005, 19 November 2005 and 26 March 2006, respectively. The highest concentration of activity of Po was obtained during the dry season, whilst the lowest activity found was during the end of the wet season. In March 2006, at the end of the wet season, the behavior of Po was found to behave in the manner of a conservative element. From the calculation model, approximately 82.14 % of the polonium input was found in the dissolve phase and around 144.94 % of the removed polonium remained in the particulate phase.
Core-collapse Supernova Simulations with Reduced Nucleosynthesis Networks

We present core-collapse supernova simulations including nuclear reaction networks that impact explosion dynamics and nucleosynthesis. The different composition treatment can lead to changes in the neutrino heating in the vicinity of the shock by modifying the number of nucleons and thus the neutrino-opacity of the region. This reduces the ram pressure outside the shock and allows an easier expansion. The energy released by the nuclear reactions during collapse also slows down the accretion and aids the shock expansion. In addition, nuclear energy generation in the postshocked matter produces up to 20% more energetic explosions. Nucleosynthesis is affected due to the different dynamic evolution of the explosion. Our results indicate that the energy generation from nuclear reactions helps to sustain late outflows from the vicinity of the proto-neutron star, synthesizing more neutron-rich species. Furthermore, we show that there are systematic discrepancies between the ejecta calculated with in situ and ex situ reaction networks. These differences stem from the intrinsic characteristics of evolving the composition in hydrodynamic simulations or calculating it with Lagrangian tracer particles. The mass fractions of some Ca, Ti, Cr, and Fe isotopes are consistently underproduced in postprocessing calculations, leading to different nucleosynthesis paths. Our results suggest that large in situ nuclear reaction networks are important for a realistic feedback of the energy generation, the neutrino heating, and a more accurate ejecta composition.
Self-Serving Bias and Ultimatum Bargaining

There is strong evidence that in bargaining situations with asymmetric outside options people exhibit self-serving biases concerning their fairness judgements. Moreover psychological literature suggests that this can be a driving force of bargaining impasse. This paper extends the notion of inequity aversion to incorporate self-serving biases due to asymmetric outside options and analyses whether this leads to bargaining breakdown. I distinguish between sophisticated and naive agents, that is, those agents who understand their bias and those who do not. I find that breakdown in ultimatum bargaining results from naiveté of the proposers. JEL classification: A13, C7, D63
Job satisfaction among high school teachers : A study in the Kamrup district of Assam Dr .

The present study is an attempt to investigate the job satisfaction of high school teachersofGuwahati city in Kamrup district and observing the influence of gender and type of school on their level of job satisfaction. Descriptive survey method and simple random sampling technique was used for the present study. The sample consisted of 100 high school teachers out of which 50 were male& 50 were female. The Investigator has used self-structured standardized data gathering tools for collecting the data. To test the hypotheses, appropriate statistical t echnique has been used.Data was collected and analysed using mean, . S.D and t-test. Findings of the study revealed that female teachers exhibiting better job satisfaction as compared to their male, and significant difference in the job satisfaction with respects to their type of school.
Carbonate alteration and mineralisation in the Arabian-Nubian Shield , Egypt

Carbonate dykes occurring in the Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS) are clearly intrusive in origin and classify as carbonatites according to the IUGS classification, yet previous investigations refer to them as ―intrusive carbonates‖ rather than carbonatites, due mainly to their low Sr, Ba, Nb, Y, Th and REE contents. The Tarr carbonatite albitite complex (TCA) in SE Sinai, Egypt contains a series of small (<1.2 km wide) albitite intrusions surrounded by small veins and dykes of carbonatite, which occur predominantly in a narrow zone of brecciation surrounding the intrusions. Fennitic alteration surrounding the TCA has been reported but there is little consensus on the extent and style of this alteration. We use mineralogy and chemical composition of the albitite, carbonatite and altered country rocks as well as fluid inclusion and thermometry data from the carbonatites to investigate the extent of fennitisation surrounding the TCA and the conditions under which the carbonatite emplacement and related alteration occurred. Fennitic alteration surrounding the TCA carbonatites is not abundant in the areas investigated in this study. Alteration is dominated by precipitation of carbonatite in the breccia zone surrounding the albitite with spatially associated actinolite, chlorite, sericite and epidote. Geochemical trends are consistent with addition of carbonate and associated secondary minerals with altered rocks containing higher CaO, MgO, Fe2O3 and MnO and lower SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O and K2O values compared to their unaltered end member compositions. Pervasive alkali metasomatism of country rocks has previously been reported in the TCA implying that the extent of this alteration is spatially variable and most likely lithologically controlled. Fluid inclusion investigations show that the carbonatite magma contained a high-salinity H2O-CO2-NaCl-CaCl2 fluid that most likely caused the fennitisation previously reported in some areas. The crystallisation conditions of the carbonatite dykes and carbonatite matrix in the breccia zones have been constrained using Zr-in-rutile thermometry and fluid inclusion microthermometry. Crystallisation of the carbonatite in the dykes and the breccia zone occurred between 565±38°C and 420°-480°C, and at 0.75 to 1.3 kbar which corresponds to a depth of 2.8-4.9 km. Rutile hosted within the carbonatite crystallised early at 565±38°C and the carbonate itself crystallised later after cooling to around 420°-480°C. Our data support the model proposed by Azer et al (2010) of immiscibility of a carbonatite and albitite melts in a shallow-level cupola culminating in explosive emplacement of the albitite breccia and carbonatite.
Shariah compliant credit cards: Disputes and steps forward

Article history: Received 2 November 2017 Received in revised form 26 December 2017 Accepted 10 January 2018 Published 31 January 2018 The major studies on Islamic credit card (ICC) started in 2011 until 2013 specifically examining operations and structures of ICC and behavioural studies. The other studies mostly explored and investigated behaviour and intention to utilise ICC. There are however, few studies comparing between ICC and conventional credit card (CCC) preference. On the same note, only a small number of studies have explored the importance of shariah compliance in influencing the behaviour of ICC adoption. Since shariah compliant credit cards are not popular as compared to the conventional ones, it is timely to review the breadth and depth of ICC studies in order to acknowledge the existence of the product in the market. Whether the product has been unattractive, lack of marketing and promotion from the bankers’ part or the public’s ignorance, insensitivity and unconsciousness about the products, the paper will provide an overview of the research work that has been conducted thus far. The studies on ICC are still limited in numbers and the focus areas are only skewed towards behaviour, satisfaction and the structure of the cards. The key features of ICC that differentiate the product with CCC still remain invisible and unnoticed. There is a critical need to further investigate another perspective of ICC by identifying the key features of shariah compliance and leverage on the benefits to consumers by protecting and preserving basic needs as well as promoting healthy banking environment.