Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are German Tourists Environmental Chameleons? A Micro-econometric Analysis of Adaptation to Climate Change

SThis paper empirically analyzes the determinants of individual tourism-related adaptation to climate change, i.e. the stated choice of alternative travel destina-tions due to increasing temperatures in the future. By examining the tourism sector, our study investigates an industry which was not extensively considered in economic analyses of climate change so far in spite of its worldwide huge eco-nomic relevance and strong sensitivity to global warming. Our empirical analysis on the basis of unique representative data from 5370 German tourists first re-veals a non-negligible extent of tourism-related adaptation to climate change in the amount of more than 22% of the respondents. Our micro-econometric analysis with binary probit models implies strong positive effects of a high awareness of climate change effects, increasing age as indicator for vulnerability of climate change, as well as a high adaptive capacity (measured by disposable financial resources) on this type of adaptation. The estimation results suggest no single significant effect of a high educational level or a high level of information on ad-aptation to climate change, but a positive interaction effect (which was, in con-trast to former studies, estimated according to Ai and Norton 2003 and Norton et al. 2004). Our empirical results underline several challenges for the tourism in-dustry and policy makers in order to transform the tourism infrastructure and to diversify holiday offers. They additionally reveal important focus groups of tour-ists such as (the increasing group of) elderly persons who are crucial for the de-velopment of successful future product strategies in the tourism sector.
Innovative vs Conventional Farmer Profiles

The adoption of agricultural innovations depends on a variety of personal, social, cultural and economic factors, as well as on the farmer‘s subjective perceptions of the nature and the particular characteristics of an innovation. The objective of this paper is to look into the profiles of innovative and conventional farmers and study their motives for adopting or not adopting new production technologies. The intention is to identify differences between farmers who have adopted an innovative technology and those who state the reasons that would make them adopt it. For this purpose, two groups of apple farmers are chosen, one certified in Integrated Crop Management (ICM) and the other group farming conventionally. The study area is Western Macedonia and primary data were collected through personal interviews in the year 2010-2011. The sample was selected with random sampling and sample size consists of 72 ICM apple farmers and 63 conventional apple farmers. Research results show that innovative farmers are younger, more educated and with less farming experience. Farmers who have already adopted ICM ranked ‘Improvement in quality’ and ‘easier distribution of product’ as the two most important factors for adoption. Conventional farmers, rank ‘better prices’ and ‘lower cost of production’ as the two most important factors that would induce them to adopt that technology. Protection of the environment ranks last in importance for conventional farmers and one but last for ICM farmers. To encourage the adoption of ICM we need to change the perception of conventional farmers with the help of extension services, a steady information flow and lifelong training.
A pilot inquiry on incentives and intrinsic motivation in health care: the motivational capital explained by doctors

Where the contracts are incomplete, the resulting co-ordination problems may be attenuated if workers are intrinsically motivated to do the work. It is established by theoretical and empirical literature that workers within public organizations are intrinsically motivated to exert effort doing the job and have a strong sense of social agents with the mission of providing collective goods to citizens and tax payers. This paper is an empirical pilot study in the health care sector using methods of Qualitative Analysis research. We run semistructured interviews a-la- Bewley to sixteen physicians of Navarre’s health Care Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea (SNS-O). The objective of the work is twofold: first, to find empirical evidence about doctors’ non-monetary motives and second, to find evidence about how these non-monetary motives shape doctors’behavior. We formulate several testable hypotheses: (1) Doctors are intrinsically motivated agents, (2) Economic incentives and control policies may crowd- out intrinsic motivation and (3) Well designed incentives may crowd-in agents intrinsic motivation. Results confirm the hypotheses formulated above and coming from our theoretical findings [11], [12]. Finally, we also found empirical evidence of conflict between political advisors or health managers (principals) and physicians (agents). Results are a step forward in the optimal design of incentive schemes and policies which crowd in doctors’ intrinsic motivation.
Factors associated with low back pain in elite high school volleyball players

[Purpose] To determine the relationship between low back pain and a range of demographic, environmental, and injury history factors to identify potential factors for the management of low back pain. [Participants and Methods] The participants were 123 elite high school male and female volleyball players. They answered an extensive questionnaire regarding demographic details, low back pain in the previous year, volleyball-specific movements, previous regional injuries, and years of volleyball experience. Questionnaire responses were analyzed. Data were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression analysis using the presence and absence of low back pain within 1 year as the explanatory variable. [Results] Of the 123 volleyball players, 48.0% reported low back pain. The volleyball-specific movements that induced pain were diverse (e.g., spike, serve, and pass) with no common factor. The factors associated with low back pain were an ankle injury within the previous year and years of volleyball experience. [Conclusion] The associations found in this survey indicate that particular attention should be given to more experienced players with a history of ankle injury to manage low back pain in high school volleyball players.
Fish Catch Composition of Artisanal and Bottom Trawl Fisheries in Malindi-Ungwana Bay , Kenya : A Cause for Conflict ?

Artisanal and shrimp bottom trawl fisheries in Ungwana Bay compete for fish resources and this has resulted in unresolved conflict over several decades. Landings of artisanal fishers (2009-2011) and bottom trawl catches (2011) were sampled to compare fish species composition and abundance according to area (inshore; offshore) and season (northeast monsoon NEM, southeast monsoon SEM) and identify the species contributing most to catch overlap. The diversity of fish catches was greater in trawl (223 species) than artisanal samples (177) in both seasons. The diversity and catch rates were greater in artisanal samples during the NEM, when most fishing occurs. The diversity was greater in trawl samples during the SEM, when productivity is higher. The offshore trawl catch composition differed from the inshore trawl and artisanal samples; the shared species in the latter two categories were Galeichthys feliceps, Pellona ditchela, Johnius amblycephalus, Leiognathus equulus, Pomadasys maculatus, Lobotes surinamensis and Otolithes ruber. Trawl samples contained smaller-sized fish of the shared species than artisanal samples. A shrimp fishery management plan (2010) bans trawling closer than three nautical miles from the coast, and introduces closed fishing seasons and gear modifications, but has not been fully implemented. The artisanal fishery is expected to grow and active management is crucial to reduce resource user conflict. Corresponding author: CNM Email: cosmasnke2001@yahoo.com Western Indian Ocean J. Mar. Sci. Vol. 13. No. 2, pp. 177 188 , 2014 © 2015 WIOMSA
Pathophysiology and management ofdifferent types of shock

More than 1 million cases of shock are estimated to present to U.S. hospital EDs each year. (1) The presentation may be cryptic, as in the patient with compensated heart failure, or obvious as in the ultimate shock state of cardiac arrest. Despite aggressive treatment, mortality from shock remains high. Approximately 30 to 45 percent of patients in septic shock, and 60 to 90 percent for those with cardiogenic shock, die within 1 month of presentation. (2,3) The definition and treatment of shock continues to evolve. With a contemporary understanding of the disease and new evolving technology, the emergency physician can recognize shock at an earlier stage and initiate expert, timely intervention. The general approach to a patient in the initial stages of shock follows similar principles regardless of the inciting factors or etiology
Yeast extract with blood plasma in diets for piglets from 21 to 35 days of age

The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of yeast extract as a partial replacemer of blood plasma in piglet diets and its effect on the performance and intestinal morphometry of pigs weaned at 21 days of age. One hundred and twenty animals were randomized into blocks, with five diets (4.0% blood plasma; 2.0% blood plasma with 0.0; 1.0; 2.0 or 3.0% yeast extract), six replicates and four pigs per experimental unit. At 35 days of age, one pig per experimental unit was slaughtered in order to evaluate duodenal and jejunal morphometry. The levels of yeast extract had a quadratic impact on daily feed intake and final weight, which increased up to the estimated level of 1.91%. Daily weight gain and feed conversion rate were not affected. A comparison between diets containing different levels of yeast extract and the basal diet showed that the diets containing 2.0% and 1.0% yeast extract provided the highest final weight and the worst feed conversion rate, respectively. Duodenal villus height and crypt depth were quadratically affected by yeast extract levels and the best results were achieved with the estimated levels of 1.64 and 1.16%, respectively. The levels of yeast extract provided a linear increase in the duodenal villus:crypt ratio, but did not change the morphometric variables of the jejunum. No difference was found in the morphometric variables of the duodenum and jejunum when diets containing different levels of yeast extract were compared with the basal diet. The results suggest that the inclusion of 1.91% yeast extract allows for a partial replacement for plasma in the diet, decreasing plasma inclusion from 4.0 to 2.0%.
Elevated Pretreatment Plasma Oncostatin M Is Associated With Poor Biochemical Response to Infliximab

Abstract Background We hypothesized that elevations of plasma Oncostatin M (OSM) would be associated with infliximab nonresponse. Methods Plasma OSM was measured in Crohn disease patients pre-infliximab with biochemical response (>50% reduction in fecal calprotectin) as the primary outcome. Results The median OSM in biochemical responders was 86 (69–148) pg/mL compared with 166 (74–1766) pg/mL in nonresponders (P = 0.03). Plasma OSM > 143.5 pg/mL was 71% sensitive and 78% specific for biochemical nonresponse (area under the curve 0.71). Early biochemical nonremission was also associated with an elevated neutrophil CD64 expression (odds ratio 8.9, P = 0.011). Conclusions Elevated preinfliximab plasma OSM and nCD64 surface expression were both associated with poor biochemical outcomes.
The multiwavelength Tully-Fisher relation with spatially resolved H I kinematics

In this paper, we investigate the statistical properties of the Tully‐Fisher relation (TFr) for a sample of 32 galaxies with measured distances from the Cepheid period‐luminosity relation and/or TRGB stars. We take advantage of panchromatic photometry in 12 bands (from FUV to 4.5 mu m) and of spatially resolved HI kinematics. We use these data together with three kinematic measures (W‐50(i), V‐max and V‐flat) extracted from the global HI profiles or HI rotation curves, so as to construct 36 correlations allowing us to select the one with the least scatter. We introduce a tightness parameter sigma (perpendicular to). of the TFr, in order to obtain a slope‐independent measure of the goodness of fit. We find that the tightest correlation occurs when we select the 3.6 mu m photometric band together with the V‐flat parameter extracted from the HI rotation curve.
Corrosion of metals in composite cements.

Composite cement blends based on the replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with blast furnace slag (BFS) are currently used as a matrix for the encapsulation of both solid and liquid intermediate level radioactive wastes (ILW) in the UK. Cements are used because they are economic, durable and have long-term stability. However, there may be issues regarding the corrosion of some of the metal components which arise from reprocessing and decommissioning due to the alkaline environment in the cement grouts. The corrosion of the metals occurs mainly due to their reaction with the pore fluid but the effect of the cement itself as a source of additional ions must not be underestimated.
Genotype × environment interactions and phenotypic stability for wheat grown in stressful conditions

The objective of this study was to present the results of experiment conducted on 11 cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and 1 cultivar of triticale (Triticosecale W) on stressful conditions of halomorphic solonetz in Kumane, Banat, Serbia. Across three growing seasons genotypic variability, monitoring of phenotypic variation and genotype by environment interaction (GEI) for number of grains per spike and yield was studied. The cultivar were grown in field trails of control treatment and treatments with measures repairs solonetz using phosphogypsum in the amount of 25 t•ha-1 and 50 t•ha-1. GEI was tested using AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) model. The expression of tested traits were statistically significant and showed additive and non-additive sources of variation. The first source of variation, quantified IPCA1 axis explained most of the structure of GEI.
LANGUAGE, DISCOURSE AND IDENTITIES: SNAPSHOTS FROM GREEK CONTEXTS

Since the early 90s, Greece has witnessed an unprecedented population movement: Members of indigenous linguistic minorities have moved from the periphery to urban centres and large numbers of people have moved to Greece, primarily from the Balkans, Eastern Europe and the Middle East. This “flow of bodies” (Appadurai 1990) has disrupted the country’s monolingual and monocultural image (even if, in historical terms, this was in itself a construction) and in its place an awareness and sensibility of a multilingual and multicultural society has emerged.
Successful and unsuccessful transitions to the elite level: The youth national team pathways in Norwegian handball

The aim of this study was to explore successful and unsuccessful transitions in Norwegian handball from the youth player level to the adult elite level. The nine youth players in our strategic sample were interviewed in-depth about their experiences. Five of the nine athletes had established themselves successfully at the adult elite level; four had either quit or continued to play at a lower level during the previous season. The data were first inductively analysed before the theoretical analysis was conducted. This enabled us to develop a comprehensive understanding of each athlete’s developmental path and transitions and enabled a comparison between the different outcomes. The lifespan model was used a basis for understanding the individual pathways of development and the transitions made. The ecology of games framework was used to contextualise the individual processes within the particular organisational context of Norwegian handball. The results show how the application of the talent development model used in Norwegian handball is frequently experienced as one which is exhausting for athletes. For a significant number, it may lead to injuries or burnout. Further, our findings demonstrate that there is a thin line separating two different outcomes: (a) a dropout due to a loss of motivation and meaning and (b) a successful transition to the elite level. We discuss how the organisational context of Norwegian handball leads to unintended consequences, both positive and negative, for athletes. Incidents and decisions beyond an athlete’s immediate environment can facilitate or inhibit successful transitions to the elite level.
Post-treatment cephalometric changes in adolescent patients with Class II malocclusion treated using two different functional appliance systems for an extended time period: a randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES To assess the post-treatment changes in Class II adolescent patients treated with two different functional appliances for an extended time period. DESIGN Randomized clinical trial. SETTING One university and one district general hospital in the UK. PARTICIPANTS Caucasian adolescent patients with a Class II malocclusion. METHODS Pairs of patients of similar age and gender were randomly allocated to one of two functional appliance systems, the Twin Block or Dynamax appliance. The appliances were used for 15 months full time. Changes were measured from lateral cephalograms taken at the start (T1) and at the end of treatment at 15 months (T2) and 30 months (T3). RESULTS Hundred patients completed the trial, 52 Twin Block and 48 Dynamax. Mandibular forward movement was 3.5 mm (±2.5) in the Twin Block group and 1.7 mm (±2.1) in the Dynamax group (P < 0.01; T1-T2) and, subsequently, by 0.3 mm (±2.6) and 0.9 mm (±2.5), respectively (P = 0.3; T2-T3). Mandibular length increased by 6.3 mm (±2.7) in the Twin Block group and 4.0 mm (±2.5) in the Dynamax group (P < 0.01; T1-T2) with treatment and, subsequently, by 0.5 mm (±2.3) and 1.5 mm (±3.1; P = 0.05). Anterior face height increased in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Treatment resulted in greater mandibular growth with the Twin Block than the Dynamax. In the follow-up period, there was less growth in the Twin Block group compared to the Dynamax. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was not registered on any major database of clinical trial. PROTOCOL The protocol was not published before the commencement of the trial but can be given on request.
Comparison of Gene Expression in Human Embryonic Stem Cells , hESC-DerivedMesenchymal Stem Cells and HumanMesenchymal Stem Cells

1 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut André Lwoff, 7, Rue Guy Moquet, 94800 Villejuif, France 2 CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif Sur Yvette, France 3 CNRS, Institut de Génétique Humaine (IGH), 141, Rue Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier, France 4 Institut National de la Santé et Recherche Médicale U972, and University Paris 11, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 80 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 94276 Kremlin Bicêtre Cedex, France
Temperature Effect on the Structure of Transformer Oil Based Magnetic Fluids Using Acoustic Spectroscopy

The changes in structural arrangement in transformer oil based magnetic uids upon the e ect of an external magnetic eld and temperature were studied by acoustic spectroscopy. The attenuation of acoustic waves was measured as a function of an external magnetic eld in the range of 0 300 mT, parallel to the direction of the eld and as a function of temperature in the range of 15 35 ◦C for various magnetic nanoparticles concentrations. The strong in uence of the steeped magnetic eld on the acoustic wave attenuation was detected and its hysteresis was observed, too. When a magnetic eld is swept at a constant rate, the dominant interactions between the external magnetic eld and the magnetic moment of the nanoparticles occur, leading to the aggregation of magnetic nanoparticles and clusters formation. However, the temperature of magnetic uids has very important in uence on the obtained dependences, where the mechanism of thermal motion acts against the cluster creation. The observed in uences of magnetic eld and temperature on the investigated magnetic liquids structure are discussed.
Water retention and availability in soils of the State of Santa Catarina-Brazil: effect of textural classes, soil classes and lithology

The retention and availability of water in the soil vary according to the soil characteristics and determine plant growth. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate water retention and availability in the soils of the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, according to the textural class, soil class and lithology. The surface and subsurface horizons of 44 profiles were sampled in different regions of the State and different cover crops to determine field capacity, permanent wilting point, available water content, particle size, and organic matter content. Water retention and availability between the horizons were compared in a mixed model, considering the textural classes, the soil classes and lithology as fixed factors and profiles as random factors. It may be concluded that water retention is greater in silty or clayey soils and that the organic matter content is higher, especially in Humic Cambisols, Nitisols and Ferralsol developed from igneous or sedimentary rocks. Water availability is greater in loam-textured soils, with high organic matter content, especially in soils of humic character. It is lower in the sandy texture class, especially in Arenosols formed from recent alluvial deposits or in gravelly soils derived from granite. The greater water availability in the surface horizons, with more organic matter than in the subsurface layers, illustrates the importance of organic matter for water retention and availability.
Dreaming in Vienna: Analyzing dreams of Arthur Schnitzler and Sigmund Freud

The goal of the present study was to analyze the dreams of Arthur Schnitzler and explore the dream content for potential parallels or differences to what is known about his private life in order to test the continuity hypothesis of dreaming. In addition, Freud’s dream content was also analyzed in order to compare Freud’s and Schnitzler’s dreams. One hundred dream reports from Schnitzler and 34 dreams from Freud were coded using the Hall and Van de Castle rating system. Schnitzler reported more familiar characters, more friends and more family characters as well as a lower male percent compared to the male norms. In addition, Schnitzler showed less aggression in his dreams and an equal amount of friendly interaction with male and female dream characters. Compared to Freud, Schnitzler showed more familiar characters and a lower bodily misfortunes percent in his dreams. These differences can in part be explained by the continuity hypothesis. Future research could analyze dream diaries of other writers from different time periods or persons with different occupations.
Patterning employee voice in multinational companies

Employee voice has been an enduring theme within the employment relations literature.This article profiles the incidence of a range of direct and indirect employee voice mechanisms within multinational companies (MNCs) and, using an analytical framework, identifies a number of different approaches to employee voice. Drawing from a highly representative sample of MNCs in Ireland, we point to quite a significant level of engagement with all types of employee voice, both direct and indirect. Using the analytical framework, we find that the most common approach to employee voice was an indirect voice approach (i.e. the use of trade unions and/or non-union structures of collective employee representation). The regression analysis identifies factors such as country of origin, sector, the European Union Directive on Information and Consultation and date of establishment as having varying impacts on the approaches adopted by MNCs to employee voice.