Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in health-related quality of life in patients complaining of chronic cough.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To confirm that more women than men who complain of chronic cough seek medical attention, to determine whether the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of these women is more adversely affected than men, and to determine whether there are gender differences in the ways that chronic cough adversely affects HRQOL. DESIGN Analysis of previously, prospectively collected data, but not previously analyzed or reported data, plus additional prospectively collected data to enrich the database to make meaningful gender comparisons. SETTING Cough clinic in an academic, tertiary care medical center. PARTICIPANTS Subjects seeking medical attention complaining of cough of at least 8 weeks duration and a control group of smokers not complaining of cough. MEASUREMENTS Assessment of chronic cough on HRQOL utilizing a valid and reliable cough-specific HRQOL instrument, the cough-specific quality-of-life questionnaire (CQLQ). INTERVENTIONS All subjects completed the CQLQ prior to any contact with the cough specialist and medical intervention. RESULTS In the original cohort of subjects, women (116 subjects) outnumbered the men (38 subject) by 3:1 (p < 0.0001). In the current study, total CQLQ scores for women were higher than for men (67.1 vs 59.7, respectively; p = 0.002). Women had higher scores than men in three of six subscales, as follows: physical complaints (21.6 vs 19.0, respectively; p = 0.004); psychosocial issues (14.7 vs 12.9, respectively; p = 0.002); and extreme physical complaints (8.9 vs 6.6, respectively; p < 0.001). Men and women had similar scores on the remaining subscales. Women scored significantly higher on 10 of the 28 items that make up the six subscales. The item that showed the greatest disparity and the most significant difference between women and men was wetting the pants (p < 0.001) as a result of chronic coughing. CONCLUSIONS Women with chronic cough were probably more inclined to seek medical attention than men because their HRQOL was more adversely affected and because they were more apt to suffer from physical complaints such as stress incontinence, which provoked psychosocial issues such as becoming embarrassed.
HEART RATE AND BLOOD LACTATE CONCENTRATIONS AS PREDICTORS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL LOAD ON ELITE SOCCER PLAYERS DURING VARIOUS SOCCER TRAINING ACTIVITIES

The purpose of this investigation was to estimate the physiologic strain on players during various soccer training activities. Ten soccer players from the first division soccer league of Turkey were used as subjects. The heart rate responses were measured during 4 types of soccer training. First, the heart rates that corresponded to a blood lactate concentration of both 2 and 4 mM were measured, and then, during the 4 types of training, they were correlated with the proportion of time that the heart rate was below the 2-mM lactate line, between the 2- and 4-mM lactate lines, and above the 4-mM lactate line. Mean heart rates during friendly match, modified game, tactical training, and technical training activities were 157 ± 19, 135 ± 28, 126 ± 21, and 118 ± 21 b·min-1, respectively. The differences between all of these soccer training activities were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.01). The results demonstrate that (a) technical and tactical training consisted of very low exercise intensities (most of the heart rates were below the 4-mM lactate level) and (b) the percentages of time that the heart rate correlated to a point above the 4-mM lactate reference level during the friendly match and modified game were 49.6 ± 27.1% and 23.9 ± 24.5%, respectively. The practical implications of these findings are that, by using 2- to 4-mM reference lines, coaches can structure heart rate zones that can help determine the individualized exercise intensity for their players as well as estimate overall exercise intensity during soccer training.
Clarifying Conceptions Underlying Adult Psychopathy Measures: A Construct Validity Metric Approach

Although the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL-R) and Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI) ostensibly measure the same construct, they seem to emphasize different conceptions of psychopathy. This study was designed to clarify these differences by testing how well the PCL-R and PPI map alternative conceptions of psychopathy. Construct validity metrics were used to compare patterns of associations between psychopathy measures and 14 theory-relevant criterion variables that were observed in a sample of 1,281 offenders—with patterns of associations that were predicted based on alternative psychopathy conceptions. PCL-R total scores were most consistent with Karpman’s affective dysfunction-centered secondary conception, and PPI total scores were most consistent with the McCords’ lovelessness-based conception. Although similarities emerged at the factor level, the PPI demonstrated higher levels of consistency between theory-based predictions and observed relations than did the PCL-R. These results provide direction for refining measures in future research and interpreting PCL-R and PPI scores in current practice.
Motivated Prediction of Future Feelings: Effects of Negative Mood and Mood Orientation on Affective Forecasts

This article examines the role of motivational factors in affective forecasting. The primary hypothesis was that people predict positive emotional reactions to future events when they are motivated to enhance their current feelings. Three experiments manipulated participants' moods (negative vs. neutral) and orientation toward their moods (reflective vs. ruminative) and then assessed the positivity of their affective predictions for future events. As hypothesized, when participants adopted a reflective orientation, and thus should have been motivated to engage in mood-regulation processes, they predicted more positive feelings in the negative than in the neutral mood condition. This pattern of mood-incongruent affective prediction was not exhibited when participants adopted a ruminative orientation. Additionally, within the negative mood condition, generating affective forecasts had a more positive emotional impact on reflectors than on ruminators. The findings suggest that affective predictions are sometimes driven by mood-regulatory motives.
Effects of Smoking on Disease Activity and Radiographic Progression in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis

Objective. To analyze the effects of cigarette smoking on disease activity and radiographic damage in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. Study subjects were 156 patients with early RA (< 2 yrs). Disease activity, therapeutic response, and radiographic progression were compared in smokers and nonsmokers at 24 months. Results. At baseline, ever-smokers had earlier disease onset and a closer association with the shared epitope (SE), but not more seropositive disease. No significant differences were observed in disease activity and European League Against Rheumatism therapeutic responses between smokers and nonsmokers. Multivariate analysis showed that baseline Larsen score, the HLA-DRB*04 genotype, being female, and current smoking were associated with radiographic progression. Conclusion. In patients with early RA, smoking was associated with earlier disease onset and the SE. Smoking was an independent factor of radiographic progression.
Simulation of Glycemic Variability in Critically Ill Burn Patients

Tight glycemic control with insulin therapy protocols in the intensive care unit (ICU) can reduce mortality and morbidity from stress-induced hyperglycemia, but this control comes with the risk of hypoglycemia. Computer simulation can be an essential tool in evaluating protocols for insulin delivery in this setting, and to this end, it is necessary to have mathematical models that explain BG variability within this patient population. Current models of stress-induced hyperglycemia do not adequately incorporate the known physiology of stress hyperglycemia and are limited in their ability to account for the resistance to the actions of insulin found in these patients. In this thesis, we develop, validate, and illustrate applications for a new model of glucose variability. The new model is built from an existing model of glucose-insulin interactions for normal, pre-diabetic, and type II diabetic patients, with new features that account for the effects of trauma and physiological stress commonly experienced in the ICU. Hourly blood glucose, insulin, and feeding data from 154 burn-unit patients were input to our model. The in silico patient whose simulated BG most closely matched the BG of a burn-unit patient was determined with the method of least squares. For this in silico patient, a time-varying coefficient (“SA”, stress action) was fitted to modify hepatic glucose production (HGP) and peripheral glucose uptake (PGU) to produce a simulated BG that matched a BG of a burn-unit patient. HGP was limited to a literature-derived maximum of 4.25 mg/kg/min. From the data of the 154 unique burn-unit patients, 212 SA vectors of at least 24 hours each and 86 unique in silico patients were identified. The simulator incorporating this model is validated by comparing cumulative distributions of simulated BGs with the cumulative distribution of real burn-unit BGs under the same intensive insulin therapy protocol used in the original data collection. This simulator, coded into a MATLAB Simulink simulation model, allows for testing insulin protocols in silico, before use in patients. As an illustrative application, the simulation model is used to optimize process control thresholds for an insulin protocol used in the burn unit. Table of
YouTube videos as a place for public discussion of science ?

Closely related work are studies of TED Talks as a form of videos disseminating science and technology related presentations (Sugimoto et al, 2013). Although giving a TED Talk does not seem to impact subsequent citation counts for scientist, it has been proven that academic presenters were more prominent in terms of citation impact than average for their field (Sugimoto et al., 2013). These evidences suggests that YouTube videos and corresponding popularity statistics can be used as an indicator of scientific success.
Trachea Allograft Class I Molecules Directly Activate and Retain CD8+ T Cells That Cause Obliterative Airways Disease 1

Human T cells responding against transplanted allogeneic lung tissue have been implicated in late graft failure secondary to obliterative bronchiolitis. This obliterative airways disease (OAD) also develops in heterotopic murine tracheal allografts in association with graft infiltration by both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. To date, there has been little evidence to suggest that directly alloreactive CD8+ T cells either promote chronic rejection or lead to the development of OAD following airway allotransplantation. Using Ld-specific TCR-Tg 2C CD8+ T cells adoptively transferred into wild-type B6 (H-2b) mice and the transplantation of BALB/c (H-2d) tracheal allografts, we now show that the direct recognition of donor-specific class I MHC molecules by host CD8+ T cells leads to their activation, clonal expansion within the graft, and differentiation to an effector phenotype with the capacity to induce airway fibrosis. In addition, these experiments demonstrate that ongoing direct alloantigen recognition within the transplanted airway tissue is necessary for the recruitment and retention of these directly alloreactive CD8+ T cells. Thus, these experiments are the first to definitively show a role for directly alloreactive CD8+ T cells in the chronic rejection that leads to OAD.
Lidocaine inhibits the production of IL-1 β from macrophages RAW 264 . 7 induced with lipopolysaccharide

Uncontrolled inflammation response is a basic section in various diseases, while macrophages play a vital impact in the inflammatory response though producing cytokines. Iterleukin-1β (IL-1β) releasing from activated macrophages is one of the strongest inflammatory cytokines which involved in many inflammatory diseases. Thus, IL-1β represents a potential target for the treatment of inflammation. The traditional local anesthetic lidocaine has demonstrated its anti-inflammatory function in multiple animal disease models and clinical illnesses by suppressing the generation of cytokines. However, it is still unclear if lidocaine could exert the similar effect on IL-1β in vitro. In the present study, we found that lidocaine treatment not only reduced IL-1β in supernatants, but suppressed the mRNA expression of pro-IL-1β and the activation of caspase-1 in RAW264.7 cells induce by LPS. Furthermore, the increased pyroptosis rate and NF-κB activity induced with LPS was also inhibited by lidocaine. Our present study suggest that lidocaine plays the role of antiinflammation by suppressing the generation of IL-1β, and the mechanism might be associated with, at least partly, its inhibitory effects on the signal pathway of inflammasome-NF-κBcaspase-1.
Information Content of Order Flow and Cross-Market Portfolio Rebalancing: Evidence for the Chinese Stock, Treasury and Corporate Bond Markets

This paper examines the within-market and cross-market information content of order flow for stocks, corporate bonds and Treasury bonds in China. With daily-aggregated tick-by-tick data over three years on the Shanghai Security Exchange, we find negative cross-asset effects of order flow on returns, both between stocks and bonds and between corporate and Treasury bonds. Our results provide evidence that not only cross-market portfolio rebalancing under general market conditions, but also flight-to-quality, which occurs particularly under extreme market conditions, are responsible for the cross-market effects of order flow. In particular, while Treasury bonds play a dominant role in stock-bond portfolio rebalancing, corporate bonds can replace Treasury bonds as a safe i§haveni¨ during extreme stock market conditions or during a fall in Treasury bond market returns.
Hadronic resonance production in d+Au collisions at √ sNN = 200 GeV at RHIC

(Dated: We present the ﬁrst measurements of the ρ (770) 0 , K ∗ (892), ∆(1232) ++ , Σ(1385), and Λ(1520) resonances in d +Au collisions at √ s NN = 200 GeV, reconstructed via their hadronic decay channels using the STAR detector at RHIC. The masses and widths of these resonances are studied as a function of transverse momentum ( p T ). We observe that the resonance spectra follow a generalized scaling law with the transverse mass ( m T ). The h p T i of resonances in minimum bias collisions is compared to the h p T i of π , K , and p . The ρ 0 /π − , K ∗ /K − , ∆ ++ /p , Σ(1385) / Λ, and Λ(1520) / Λ ratios in d +Au collisions are compared to the measurements in minimum bias p + p interactions, where we observe that both measurements are comparable. The nuclear modiﬁcation factors ( R dAu ) of the ρ 0 , K ∗ , and Σ ∗ scale with the number of binary collisions ( N bin ) for p T > 1.2 GeV/ c .
The Treatment of Acquiescence and the Factorial Structure of the Brief Resilience Scale ( BRS ) in Mexican and Chilean University Students

Título: El tratamiento de la Aquiescencia y la Estructura Factorial de la Escala Breve de Resiliencia (BRS) en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos y chilenos. Resumen: El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la estructura factorial de la versión en castellano de la Escala Breve de Resiliencia (BRS) tomando en cuenta la aquiescencia (tendencia a responder de manera positiva) en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios mexicanos (N = 1572) y una validación cruzada de los mismos modelos con estudiantes universitarios chilenos (N = 1345). Se comparan seis modelos mediante Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio, en tres de ellos se utilizan diferentes factores de método para tratar la aquiescencia. Los resultados muestran que en estudiantes mexicanos se observa mejor ajuste en estos modelos, especialmente en el modelo de un factor teórico llamado Resiliencia que tiene dos factores de método (2 =32.22, gl=7, p < .001, NFI= .98, GFI = .99, RMSEA = .048), mientras que en estudiantes chilenos los modelos que no utilizan factores para tratar la aquiescencia son los de mejor ajuste, específicamente los modelos de dos factores correlacionados y también el modelo al que se añade un factor de segundo orden (2 =34.66, gl=8, p < .001, NFI= .98, GFI = .99, RMSEA = .05). La aquiescencia afecta de manera diferencial a las muestras utilizadas por lo que es importante analizar la presencia de estilos de respuesta asociados a la aquiescencia. Palabras clave: Resiliencia; Aquiescencia; Análisis factorial confirmatorio; Validación cruzada; Estudiantes universitarios. Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the factorial structure of the Spanish version of Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) considering the acquiescence bias (tendency to respond for one side of the scale) in a large sample of Mexican university students (N=1572) and a cross-validation of the same models with Chilean university students (N=1345). Six models are compared using Factorial Confirmatory Analysis, in three of them different method factors are used to treat acquiescence. The results show that in Mexican students a better fit is observed in these models especially in the model of a general factor called Resilience that has two factors of method (2 =32.22, gl=7, p < .001, NFI= .98, GFI = .99, RMSEA = .048), while in the Chilean students the models that do not use factors to deal with acquiescence are the ones of better fit, specifically the models of two correlated factors and also the model to which a factor of second order is added (2 =34.66, gl=8, p < .001, NFI= .98, GFI = .99, RMSEA = .05). The acquiescence affects each of the samples used differently, so it is important to analyze the presence of response styles associated with acquiescence.
Interpreting Effect Sizes of Education Interventions

Researchers commonly interpret effect sizes by applying benchmarks proposed by Jacob Cohen over a half century ago. However, effects that are small by Cohen’s standards are large relative to the impacts of most field-based interventions. These benchmarks also fail to consider important differences in study features, program costs, and scalability. In this article, I present five broad guidelines for interpreting effect sizes that are applicable across the social sciences. I then propose a more structured schema with new empirical benchmarks for interpreting a specific class of studies: causal research on education interventions with standardized achievement outcomes. Together, these tools provide a practical approach for incorporating study features, costs, and scalability into the process of interpreting the policy importance of effect sizes.
Species differences in the distribution of substance p and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the olfactory bulb

These studies document species differences in the distribution of the peptide substance P and the catecholamine‐synthesizing enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) within a central nervous system region of a number of mammalian species including the mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit, cat, and two species of hamster (Chinese and Syrian). Substance P‐containing neuronal perikarya were observed in the main olfactory bulb (MOB) of both species of the hamster, but not in the MOB of the other species examined. In the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), however, neuronal staining was observed in all species except the mouse. The number of stained somata and their intensity varied such that label was most prominent in the rat followed in decreasing order by the rabbit, guinea pig, cat, and hamster. The mouse displayed no perikaryal staining. Stained somata in AOB were found in the internal granule cell layer with dendritic processes ramifying through the internal plexiform layer to arborize within the mitral cell layer.
A Study on Endometrial Carcinoma Cases in a Tertiary Care Centre

Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of female genital tract in US. Common in postmenopausal women with mean age of 65 years. Aim: To study histological type, grade, surgical stage of endometrial cancer. Correlate pre and postoperative grades with nodal metastasis. Methodology: Retrospective and Prospective study of 106 cases of endometrial carcinoma was done. Required data was collected from medical records department for retrospective cases. Specimen were received, processed and studied in prospective cases using routine H&E stain. Histological grades were grouped into two groups. Well differentiated and moderately endometrial carcinoma as Group I. Poorly differentiated and undifferentiated as group II. Chi square test was used to correlate groups (pre and postoperative) and nodal metastasis. Observation and results: Most common histological type is Endometrioid carcinoma (grade 1) with mean age of 55 years. Presented as postmenopausal bleeding with or without vaginal discharge.76. 42%, 9.43%, 6.60%, 2.83% and 4.72% of cases presented in FIGO Stage IA, IB, Stage II, Stage III C1and IIIc2 respectively. Significant correlation between grade 3 and UDC (group II) and nodal metastasis with p valve of 0.000016 and 0.000002 (pre and postoperative) respectively. Conclusion: High grade tumours show significant correlation with nodal metastasis when compared to low grade. In high grade tumours, staging surgery with wide nodal excision improves survival.
Bioactive compounds and scavenging capacity of extracts from different parts of Vismia cauliflora against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species

Abstract Context: Vismia cauliflora A.C. Sm. [Hypericaceae (Clusiaceae)] is a plant from Amazonian forest. It is used by Amerindians to treat dermatosis and inflammatory processes in the skin and has been considered an interesting source of bioactive compounds. Objective: We evaluated the scavenging capacity of extracts from V. cauliflora (leaf, branch, stem bark, flower, and whole fruit) against reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS), namely, superoxide radical (), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hypochlorous acid (HOCl), singlet oxygen (1O2), nitric oxide (•NO), and peroxynitrite (ONOO−). In addition, for the first time, the profile of phenolic compounds and carotenoids was determined. Materials and methods: The scavenging capacities of each extract were determined using specific probes (fluorescent, colorimetric, and chemiluminescent) to detect different reactive species (1O2, HOCl, H2O2, , •NO, and ONOO−). The identification and the quantification of phenolic compounds and carotenoids were carried out by HPLC–DAD–ESI–MS/MS and HPLC–DAD, respectively. Results: (−)-Epicatechin and proanthocyanidin dimers and trimer were the major phenolic compounds tentatively identified in leaf, branch, stem bark, and flower extracts, while dihydroxybenzoic acids were the major compounds in whole fruit extracts. All-trans-zeinoxanthin and all-trans-β-carotene were the major carotenoids tentatively identified in leaf extracts. All extracts of V. cauliflora showed high efficiency against all tested ROS and RNS, although flower and stem bark extracts exhibited the most remarkable scavenging capacity, especially for •NO and ONOO−. Discussion and conclusion: Vismia cauliflora has great potential to be used in the development of phytopharmaceutical products due to its characteristic of being a promising source of bioactive compounds with high antioxidant properties.
Effects of renal denervation on the NKCC2 cotransporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle in rats with congestive heart failure

Aim: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is associated with increased renal sympathetic nerve activity and renal sodium retention. Rats with CHF display increased expression of the Na–K–2Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) in the renal medullary thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle (mTAL), and arginine vasopressin (AVP)‐stimulated cAMP formation in mTAL segments is increased in rats with CHF. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of RSNA on cAMP formation and NKCC2 expression in mTAL in rats with CHF.