Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Induced mutations for enhancing variability of banana (musa spp.) shoot tip cultures using ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS)

The aim of this study was to induce variations in banana cultivars through in vitro mutagenesis by treating the shoot tips with varying doses (150, 200 and 250 mM) and time periods (30 and 60 min) of EMS and to apply RAPD analysis for discovery of genetic polymorphism among the variants. The results of analysis of variance indicated that the average number of shoots per explant, survival (%) and fresh weight of treated shoot tips were influenced by EMS doses and gave significant differences caused by time period of treatments. The highest percentage (31.04 ± 0.99) of dormant explants was observed in 'Rastali' with 200 mM EMS for 30 min treatment. Whilst, in 'Berangan Intan' and 'Berangan', 60 min/ 250 and 30 min/ 200 mM indicated the maximum increase in terms of dormant explants production. Based on the proliferation rate of 'Berangan Intan', 'Berangan' and 'Rastali', LD 50 was estimated 189.8, 177.58 and 152.04 mM for 30 min duration treatment and 154.17, 148.21 and 141.83 mM for 60 min duration treatment respectively. After three months of culture, percentage of phenotypic variations derived from mutated shoot tips indicated an increase of 10 to 14 % with 60 min/ 200 mM and 30 min/ 250 mM of EMS treatments compared to those of controls. At the molecular level, the RAPD primers opc01, opc04, opa11, opa14, opd16, opk03 exhibited different amplification patterns in the variants. The results showed the variability among lines isolated through tissue culture and EMS mutagenesis, confirmed by using RAPD markers for banana.
Does Increased Horizontal Resolution Improve Hurricane Wind Forecasts

Abstract The representation of tropical cyclone track, intensity, and structure in a set of 69 parallel forecasts performed at each of two horizontal grid increments with the Advanced Research Hurricane (AHW) component of the Weather and Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) is evaluated. These forecasts covered 10 Atlantic tropical cyclones: 6 from the 2005 season and 4 from 2007. The forecasts were integrated from identical initial conditions produced by a cycling ensemble Kalman filter. The high-resolution forecasts used moving, storm-centered nests of 4- and 1.33-km grid spacing. The coarse-resolution forecasts consisted of a single 12-km domain (which was identical to the outer domain in the forecasts with nests). Forecasts were evaluated out to 120 h. Novel verification techniques were developed to evaluate forecasts of wind radii and the degree of storm asymmetry. Intensity (maximum wind) and rapid intensification, as well as wind radii, were all predicted more accurately with increased horizontal r.
Role of Training in Determining the Employee Corporate Behavior with Respect to Organizational Productivity: Developing and Proposing a Conceptual Model

In this research, I have proposed a model which focuses on the impact of effectual corporate behavior on organizational productivity. I have examined the relationship between key variables of corporate behavior i.e. employee commitment, employee motivation and job satisfaction on organizational productivity with assistance of training. Previous literature and my research reveal a positive correlation between the effective corporate behavior and productivity but with the aid of training and by controlling unobserved heterogeneity and potential endogeneity.
Technical Analysis and Theory of Finance

In this paper, we analyze the usefulness of technical analysis, specifically the widely used moving average trading rule, from an asset allocation perspective. We show that when stock returns are predictable, technical analysis adds value to commonly used allocation rules that invest fixed proportions of wealth in stocks. When there is uncertainty about predictability, the fixed allocation rules combined with technical analysis can outperform the prior-dependent optimal learning rule when the prior is not too informative. Moreover, the technical trading rules are robust to model specification, and they tend to substantially outperform the model-based optimal trading strategies when there is uncertainty about the model governing the stock price.
Genetic Diversity and Structure of Ruzigrass Germplasm Collected in Africa and Brazil

ruzigrass ( Urochloa ruziziensis (r. Germain & Evrard) Crins, syn. Brachiaria ruziziensis Germain & Evrard) is a tropical forage native to Africa, first introduced in Brazil in the 1960s. r uzigrass is diploid, presents sexual reproduction, and is a model species for the generation of genomic resources in the Brachiaria genus. Brachiaria species are the most important livestock forage in the tropics, covering more than 70 million ha in Brazil alone. We have used multiplex panels of microsatellite markers to characterize the genetic diversity of ruzigrass germplasm collected in Africa, and of a local population collected in Bra - zil, to obtain information for its conservation and use in breeding programs. Fifteen SS - ers were used to Genotype 114 ruzigrass sam ples. Summary statistics, as well as estimates of F ST and partitioning of genetic diversity were obtained. Clustering and genetic structure analy - ses were performed. r esults showed high val- ues of heterozygosity in the African and Brazilian populations. Although African and Brazilian sam - ples formed distinct groups in clustering analy - ses, and Bayesian analysis of genetic structure distributed samples into three clusters, estimates of pairwise F ST values showed no differentiation between African and Brazilian groups of sam - ples. results indicated that the introduction of ruzigrass in Brazil did not cause a major decrease in genetic diversity. Brazilian local populations might harbor favorable alleles that will be useful for ongoing and future breeding programs. They offer great opportunities for ruzigrass germplasm collection and conservation of genetic diversity, before attempts to access germplasm in its cen - ter of diversity are undertaken. M. Pessoa-Filho, Embrapa Cerrados, P.O. Box 08223, Brasilia, DF, Brazil 73310-970; A.L. S. Azevedo, F.S. Sobrinho, Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Rua Eugenio do Nascimento, 610, Juiz de Fora, MG, Bra -
Intensive Care Units and Operating Rooms Bacterial Load and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern

Introduction. The indoor air environment can potentially place patients at a greater risk because enclosed spaces can confine aerosols and allow them to build up to infectious levels as a result, this study intended to determine the bacterial load and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in operating theater (OR) and intensive care unit (ICU) at Hawassa University Referral Hospital. Methods. A cross sectional study was conducted to measure indoor air microbial quality from Nov 2014 to February 2015 on 120 air samples collected from selected sites in 15 rounds using purposive sampling technique by Settle Plate Method (Passive Air Sampling following 1/1/1 Schedule). Sample processing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using standard microbiological methods. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 and was inferred based on baseline values recommended by Fisher. Result. The mean bacterial load of ICU 454.2 CFU/dm 2 was recorded. Likewise, at OR during active, 87.27 CFU/dm 2 and 13.12/CFU/dm 2 during passive were recorded. Compared to the standard set by Fisher, the ICU and OR while at passive were higher than the acceptable limit. Among the isolated six bacteria, S. aurous 36 (30%) was the predominant species in both OR and ICU were as p. auriginosa 16 (26.7%) was the second prevailing isolates at ICU. S. aureus was highly resistant to penicillin, tetracycline 86.1%, 72.2% respectively were as P. auriginosa showed low level resistance to Ciprofloxacin (22.2%), Cotrimoxazole (27.7%) and Ceftriaxon (16.7%). Conclusion. This finding indicates that resistant isolates for the commonly used drugs and high bacterial load of indoor air judges the risk factor for SSI as well more risking ICU patients. Hence adequate attention should be given to maintenance of proper hygiene in the ICU and OR environments since it is well known those patients are highly susceptible to microbial infection.
Of mushrooms and chocolate trees : aetiology and phylogeny of witches ’ broom and frosty pod diseases of cacao

The troubled history of the two major diseases of the chocolate tree (Theobroma cacao) in South America, witches’ broom and frosty pod, is reviewed, concentrating on critical aspects of the aetiology as well as the phylogeny of the causal agents. Both diseases are caused by sister species within the genus Moniliophthora, belonging to the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms. The witches’ broom pathogen, Moniliophthora perniciosa, evolved on the Amazonian side of the Andes and induces brooms not only in cacao and its relatives in the genera Theobroma and Herrania (Malvaceae), but also in species in the plant families Bignoniaceae, Malpighiaceae and Solanaceae, on which the mushrooms (basidiomata) are produced. Moniliophthora roreri, the type species of the genus, evolved as a pod pathogen on endemic Theobroma species on the western side of the northern Andean Cordillera. Because Moniliophthora was described originally as the asexual form of an unknown basidiomycete, the generic diagnosis is amended here to accommodate species with agaricoid basidiomata. In addition, the new variety M. roreri var. gileri is designated for the morphotype occurring on Theobroma gileri, in northwest Ecuador. Cytology studies indicate that the supposed conidia of M. roreri are, in fact, sexual spores (meiospores) and it is posited that the fruiting structure represents a much-modified mushroom. Finally, based on preliminary data from pathogenicity testing, it is hypothesized that the true causal agent of both diseases is an as yet unidentified infectious agent vectored into the host by the fungus.
Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ATCC 7469) ointment on second-degree burn wound in Wistar rat

Introduction: Burn is among the traumas that impose great physical and psychological damages to the injured people. Scientists still are looking for new treatments and methods for burn management that lack the defects of previous ones. Recently, the potential of probiotic bacteria for the treatment of skin disease and problems has been investigated. Considering that the effects of probiotics are strain-dependent, the aim of current study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ATCC 7469) on the process of burn wound healing. Materials and methods: After induction of second-degree burn wounds on the back of rats, they were randomly divided into experimental, vehicle control, and negative control groups. The experimental groups received a bacterial ointment for 1, 3, 7, and 14 days. The vehicle control groups received Eucerin for durations like the experimental groups. The negative control groups received no treatment in the same days. The evaluation of wound healing was conducted macroscopically by computing of the healing percent and microscopically by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining of the tissue samples of the wound area on different days. Results: The wound healing percent in the experimental group, compared with control groups, significantly increased, until the day 7 of the experiments. Moreover, the microscopic results indicate that the bacteria may have some anti-inflammatory effects. Also, the bacteria increased the rate of fibroblastic migration and re-epithelialization in the wound area. Conclusion: Overall, L. rhamnosus (ATCC 7469) when used topically on the burn wounds may have some positive effects on the process of burn wound healing.
Simulated Decision Learning in a Multiactor Setting 1

The idea of decision analysis – and subsequent learning from the outcomes – is old within Operational Research. Here this approach to continuous improvement of decision outcomes is put one step further within the area of crisis and disaster management. This is done by introducing multiactors making simultaneous decisions with just partial information about each other. Further, decision outcomes are achieved from a simulation model rather than from the real object system.
Family Ownership Structure and Firm Value (Case study on Public Companies with Big Capitalization)

Some previous researches proved the positive association between family ownership and firm value or companies' performance. Contrary with these results, Jiang and Peng (2011) found that Indonesia is one of the country in which family ownership structure has a negative association with firm value. Moreover, Claessen et al. (2000), stated that as of 16.6% of Indonesia’s public companies are controlled by a single majority shareholder. Claessens et al. (2000) also stated that higher entrenchment occurred in Indonesia together with Philipina and Thailand. Besides that the low law enforcement and the lowest corruption index in Indonesia (Jiang & Peng 2011), add opportunity to the majority to expropriate the minority. Therefore, this research aims to prove that there is a negative association between family ownership structure and firm value in which negative entrenchment of the majority to minority exists. This study shows that family ownership has a significant negative effect on firm value at significance level of 10%.
Where does the optically detectable aerosol in the European Arctic come from?

In this paper, we pose the question where the source regions of the aerosol, which occurs in the European Arctic, are located. Long-term aerosol optical depth (AOD) data from Ny-Ålesund and Sodankylä as well as short-term data from a campaign on a Russian drifting station were analysed by air backtrajectories, analysis of the general circulation pattern and a correlation to chemical composition from in-situ measurements. Surprisingly, our data clearly shows that direct transport of pollutants from Europe does not play an important role. Instead, Arctic haze in Ny-Ålesund has been found for air masses from the Eastern Arctic, while events with increased AOD but chemically more diverse composition have been found for air from Siberia or the central Arctic. Moreover, the AOD in Ny-Ålesund does not depend on the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Hence, either the pollution pathways of aerosol are more complex or aerosol is significantly altered by clouds.
Relationships between hydraulic traits and habitat preference for six Acer species occurring in the French Alps

Etude des relations entre les caracteristiques hydrauliques et les exigences ecologiques de six especes d'Acer dans les Alpes francaises. Les proprietes hydrauliques du xyleme et la vulnerabilite a la cavitation ont ete etudiees chez six especes d'Acer qui se distribuent, dans les Alpes francaises, selon un gradient d'exigence hydrique depuis les vallees humides jusqu'a des zones plus seches de moyenne montagne. Les resultats obtenus suggerent l'existence d'une relation entre les proprietes hydrauliques et le gradient d'exigence hydrique des differentes especes d'Acer. Les erables situes dans les zones seches (A. opalus, A. monspessulanum) sont plus resistants a la cavitation que ceux implantes dans les stations bien alimentees en eau (A. negundo, A. pseudoplatanus, A. platanoides, A. campestre). De plus, les especes les plus vulnerables a la cavitation (A. negundo, A. pseudoplatanus, A. platanoides, A. campestre) possedent les conductances hydrauliques les plus elevees et inversement pour les especes les moins sensibles (A. opalus, A. monspessulanum). Ceci suggere l'existence d'un trade-off entre efficience hydraulique et vulnerabilite a la cavitation. Ces resultats sont analyses au plan ecologique en relation avec le mode de distribution des differentes especes dans leur environnement respectif.
The wider economic benefits of transport corridors: a policy framework and illustrative application to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor

This paper discusses a new policy framework to appraise proposals of large transport infrastructure investments—transport corridors—and applies it to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The framework emphasizes the need to focus the appraisal of transport corridor investments on outcomes that go beyond savings in travel time and reductions in vehicle operating costs, and even beyond intermediate outcomes such as trade and agglomeration. The focus should be on the ultimate benefits that households along a corridor, and, more generally, society, can attain—such as increased consumption, better jobs, and greater equity. It also emphasizes the need to identify and manage trade-offs. For example, household income could increase at the expense of environmental degradation. Or alongside winners, a corridor, may also create many losers. The appraisal framework is applied to Pakistan’s portion of the CPEC, using reduced-form econometrics and allowing the impacts of transport corridors to depend on initial market conditions and institutions. The simulations suggest important heterogeneous impacts of CPEC among districts in Pakistan stemming from the variations in restrictions on land use and in secondary education across connected districts.
Weighted averages, uniform distribution, and strict ergodicity

A circle of problems related to the application of the Riesz and Voronoi summation methods in ergodic theory, number theory, and probability theory is considered. The first digit paradox is discussed, strengthenings of the classical result of Weyl on the uniform distribution of the fractional parts of the values of a polynomial are indicated, and the possibility of sharpening the Birkhoff-Khinchin ergodic theorem is considered. In conclusion, some unsolved problems are listed.
Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Diabetes as a Complication: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms

Diabetes is a major world health problem, which affects more than 23 million people in the US and an estimated 250 million worldwide. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels resulted from an inability in pancreatic insulin secretion or insulin resistance. Usually diabetes mellitus is mainly divided into type 1 diabetes characterized by loss of the insulin production from beta cells of the pancreatic islets and type 2 diabetes characterized by insulin resistance (defective responsiveness of body tissues to insulin) and relatively reduced insulin secretion. Although type II diabetes is by far the most common affecting 90 to 95% of the US diabetic population, the studies focusing on the type 1 diabetes cannot be ignored because about 1 in every 400 to 600 children and adolescents has type 1 diabetes and about 2 million adolescents aged 12-19 have pre-diabetes in the US. Diabetes mellitus is chronic progressive disease that usually cannot be cured. Following the natural progression of disease, diabetes without proper treatments can cause many severe complications including diabetic ketoacidosis, cardiovascular disease, chronic renal failure, retinal damage. These complications obviously enhance the risk for diabetic patients. In these complications of the diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction is a serious although poorly understood long term diabetic complication. Indeed, diabetic patients with cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction have consistently been shown to have an enhanced risk of premature death (Rosengard-Barlund et al., 2009). More importantly, the age-adjusted relative risk for cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes far exceeds that of type 2 diabetes (Krolewski et al., 1987; Libby et al., 2005). Therefore, exploring the mechanisms responsible to the cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction can provide an important and new pharmacological and genetic target for improving the prognosis and reducing the mortality in diabetic state.
Structure Properties of Knits from Natural Yarns and their Combination with Elastane and Polyamide Threads

This paper presents a study on structure of knits for socks manufactured using the yarns of new kind of fibres as soybean and bamboo. Structure properties of plain pure knits and plated knits with textured polyamide and elastane wrapped with textured polyamide threads are investigated. Pure knits have looser structure, higher porosity, low thickness and area density. Textured polyamide or elastane threads change the structure of plated knits, as constructions of such knits are thicker, heavier and tighter. Higher course and wale density have knits plated with elastane thread. Verification of correlation between tightness factor of samples from pure yarns, their combination with elastane and textured polyamide threads and area density, loop length and thickness was performed. http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.ms.17.1. 247
Chapter 5 A Review of Intravenous Lidocaine Infusion Therapy for Paediatric Acute and Chronic Pain Management

Pediatric acute and chronic pain experiences involve the interaction of physiological, psychological, behavioural, developmental, pharmacological and situational factors. In the acute perioperative pain setting preventative multimodal analgesia is required to provide comfort and minimise the potential for “wind-up” and central sensitisation. When pain is recurrent, ongoing or chronic some children embark on a downward spiral of decreased physical, psychological and social functioning. The multidisciplinary team management approach is a well-established standard of care for children with complex chronic pain. Intravenous lidocaine has peripheral and central mediated analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperalgesic properties. Intravenous lidocaine infusion therapy (IVLT) has been shown to be effective in the management of acute and chronic pain in adults. This chapter will present the rational for IVLT in pediatric pain management with emphasis on preventative multimodal therapy in acute pain and the multidisciplinary treatment approach in chronic pain. Large multi-centre randomised controlled trials are required to provide the evidence-base to confirm that IVLT is indeed an effective and safe treatment option in acute preventative multimodal analgesia and as an adjunct in the multidisciplinary care of chronic pain in the pediatric population.
Microhabitat choice and host-seeking behaviour of the tuatara tick, Amblyomma sphenodonti (Acari: Ixodidae)

Understanding the factors that influence patterns of ectoparasite infestation within wildlife populations involves knowledge of the mechanisms that influence host infestation. For ectoparasitic ticks, knowing where ticks might occur in the off-host environment and how they locate their hosts is essential to understanding patterns of ectoparasite infestation. The tuatara tick (Amblyomma sphenodonti) parasitises the tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) on Stephens Island, New Zealand. We completed a series of laboratory microcosm experiments to examine daily activity patterns, microhabitat preferences and host-seeking behaviour by Amblyomma sphenodonti. Firstly, to determine the diel activity pattern of ticks, we observed the behaviour of ticks every 2 h over a 48-h period. We then tested the preferences of ticks for soil moisture, soil texture and shade by offering different pairs of substrate conditions. Last, to determine what cues ticks used to locate their hosts, we tested the response of ticks to filter paper infused with host scent or excrement. Ticks were most active at night. They also showed a significant preference for moister, coarser and shaded substrates 12 h after the start of the experiment. Ticks did not show an immediate response to either of the two host stimuli, but after 12 h showed a significant preference for host scent and avoided host excreta. We suggest that the microhabitat preferences of ticks reflect conditions within host refuges (burrows), and that the delayed response to host odour suggests ticks could use host scent to identify substrates frequented by hosts.