Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biological dosimetry after radio - synoviorthesis with rhenium-186 sulphide and erbium-169 citrate

Summary Radiosynoviorthesis (RSO) with the nuclides rhenium-186 sulphide (186Re) and erbium-169 citrate (169Er) is an established concept for the treatment of persistent synovitis of medium and small sized joints. The aim of the present studies was to investigate the biological radiation effect based on analysing chromosome aberrations. Patients, methods: Immediately before and 17 to 19 days (186Re) or 45 to 50 (169Er) days after RSO with 186Re or 169Er colloid and subsequent immobilisation of the treated joint, blood samples of a total of 23 patients were collected. The yield of dicentric chromosomes in lymphocytes was determined exclusively in metaphases of the first cell cycle in vitro. In addition, for 186Re the activity leakage was measured three days after RSO by whole-body scintigraphy. Results: No statistically significant increase in the number of dicentric chromosomes (40 and 88 before and 59 and 105 after treatment with 186Re and 169Er, respectively) in a total of 47 017 cells analysed from 46 blood samples could be found as a result of RSO. For 186Re an activity leakage of 3.9% ± 7% with a maximum of 23.4% corresponding to an effective dose of 2.8 ± 4.5 mSv , respectively 13.8 mSv, was determined. Also in the case of the maximum leakage no significant increase of dicentric chromosomes were detected. Conclusions: No significant biological radiation effect can be detected after RSO with 186Re and 169Er, also in cases of high leakage. Therefore, RSO can be classified as a save therapeutic procedure without a relevant radiation risk.
Influence of feeding patterns on production efficiency of sheep in the cold season

Sheep in three households were selected with same pasture type and similar sheep body condition in Sunan County,one household fed sheep in the heated greenhouses from Jan.to Apr.(Group Ⅰ),and the second household grazed sheep in pasture in day and supplement after come back(Group Ⅱ),another household grazed only,act as control group.Sheep's body weight loss in total reproductive cycle,ewes' reproductive rate and lamb living rate were recorded to determine the influence of feeding patterns on production efficiency of sheep.The results of this study showed the difference of ewes' body weight loss among three groups was obvious after cold season,and the body weight of Group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and control increased 2.76,1.91 and-1.24 kg in next mating time respectively.Conception rate and pregnancy rate of Group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly higher than that of control group.Wool yield of GroupⅠ was significantly higher than that of GroupⅡ and control(P0.01). However,there was not significant difference between GroupⅡ and control(P0.05). Economic analysis showed that the feeding costs and the net income of GroupⅠ were the highest,and those of control was the lowest.However,the ratio of revenue and cost in control was the highest,and those of Group I was the lowest.
Cognition and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is classically described as a pure motor disease; however, there is growing evidence of a range of cognitive impairment. Cognitive abnormalities include deficiencies in frontal executive skills, varying from mild deficits to meeting criteria for diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Cognitive impairment occurs in sporadic and familial forms of ALS. Patients may present with cognitive deficits before, after, or at the onset of motor neuron disease. Structural and functional imaging studies have shown extramotor cortical degeneration corresponding to levels of frontal executive impairment on neuropsychologic testing. In addition, ALS and a subset of FTD patients display common pathological findings on immunohistochemistry staining. It is believed that these disorders represent a continuum between motor and nonmotor cortical degeneration. The purpose of this article is to review the literature on cognitive deficits in ALS. Identifying changes in cognition is critical for physicians and caregivers of ALS patients, as cognitive decline may interfere with patient compliance. Diagnosis and treatment of cognitive symptoms in ALS patients may improve quality of life.
Could comorbid bipolar disorder account for a significant share of executive function deficits in adults with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder?

The frequent comorbidity between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and bipolar disorder (BD) represents a challenge for disentangling specific impairments of each disorder in adulthood. Their functional impairments seem to be mediated by executive function deficits. However, little is known about the extent to which each executive function deficit might be disorder specific or explained by the comorbidity. The aim of the present study was to determine if comorbid BD could account for a significant share of executive function deficits when measured by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in adults with ADHD.
Detection of Sulfur Dioxide in AIRS Data With the Wavelet Packet Subspace

A generalized method for trace-gas detection in hyperspectral data using the wavelet packet transform is being developed. This new method decomposes the input signal using a wavelet packet transform. A best basis that is optimized for the target signature is selected for pattern matching. The wavelet packet transform, an extension of the wavelet transform, fully decomposes a signal into a library of wavelet packet bases. The application of the wavelet packet transform to hyperspectral data for the detection of trace gases takes advantage of the ability of the wavelet transform to locate spectral features in both scale and location. By analyzing the wavelet packet tree of a specific target gas, the nodes of the tree that represent an orthogonal best basis are selected. The best basis represents the significant spectral features of that gas. This is then used to identify pixels in the scene using existing matching algorithms such as spectral angle. Using data from NASA's Advanced Infrared Sounder, this method is used to detect sulfur dioxide. Initial results demonstrate a promising wavelet-packet-subspace technique for trace-gas-detection applications.
Retreatment with Ozurdex for Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion

Purpose To review the current practice of retreatment with Ozurdex injections in patients with macular edema (ME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO), and to recommend simple guidelines for Ozurdex reinjection in management of RVO. Methods This was a multicenter retrospective study of patients who received more than 2 Ozurdex injections for the treatment of ME in RVO. Recorded parameters included percent of patients with a 15-letter gain, visual acuity (VA) improvement from baseline, change in central macular thickness (CMT), time to reinjection, and occurrence of any complications. Results A total of 128 patients were included, 58 (45.3%) with central RVO (CRVO) and 70 (54.7%) with branch RVO (BRVO). Mean interval for Ozurdex reinjection was 5.9 months following the first injection and 8.7 months following the second. A >15-letter gain in VA was observed in 34 (48.8%) patients with CRVO and 16 (28%) patients with BRVO. Mean overall VA improvement at month 6 did not show significance (p>0.05); however, a significantly better mean VA improvement was seen in treatment-naïve eyes (p<0.03). The CMT was significantly reduced compared to baseline. The mean CMT decreased by 214.6 μm in eyes with BRVO (n = 53) and by 355.1 μm in eyes with CRVO (n = 63) (p = 0.002). Complication rates were very low. Conclusions Repeated injections of Ozurdex are effective and have a favorable safety profile. In current practice, the retreatment interval with Ozurdex injections might be too long, precluding the full therapeutic potential of this treatment modality. A strategy for managing RVO patients treated with Ozurdex on an as-needed basis is provided.
Cardiovascular adverse events during adjuvant endocrine therapy for early breast cancer using letrozole or tamoxifen: safety analysis of BIG 1-98 trial.

PURPOSE Previous analyses of adjuvant studies of aromatase inhibitors versus tamoxifen, including the Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98 study, have suggested a small numerical excess of cardiac adverse events (AEs) on aromatase inhibitors, a reduction in the incidence of hypercholesterolemia on tamoxifen, and significantly higher incidence of thromboembolic AEs on tamoxifen. The purpose of the present study is to provide detailed updated information on these AEs in BIG 1-98. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eight thousand twenty-eight postmenopausal women with receptor-positive early breast cancer were randomly assigned (double-blind) between March 1998 and May 2003 to receive 5 years of adjuvant endocrine therapy with letrozole, tamoxifen, or a sequence of these agents. Seven thousand nine hundred sixty-three patients who actually received therapy are included in this safety analysis, which focuses on cardiovascular events. AE recording ceased 30 days after therapy completion (or after switch on the sequential arms). RESULTS Baseline comorbidities were balanced. At a median follow-up time of 30.1 months, we observed similar overall incidence of cardiac AEs (letrozole, 4.8%; tamoxifen, 4.7%), more grade 3 to 5 cardiac AEs on letrozole (letrozole, 2.4%; tamoxifen, 1.4%; P = .001)--an excess only partially attributable to prior hypercholesterolemia--and more overall (tamoxifen, 3.9%; letrozole, 1.7%; P < .001) and grade 3 to 5 thromboembolic AEs on tamoxifen (tamoxifen, 2.3%; letrozole, 0.9%; P < .001). There was no significant difference between tamoxifen and letrozole in incidence of hypertension or cerebrovascular events. CONCLUSION The present safety analysis, limited to cardiovascular AEs in BIG 1-98, documents a low overall incidence of cardiovascular AEs, which differed between treatment arms.
Anti‐adipogenic activity of rutin in 3T3‐L1 cells and mice fed with high‐fat diet

Polyphenolic compounds were examined for their effects on suppressing adipocyte differentiation in 3T3‐L1 cells. Most polyphenolic compounds inhibited adipocyte development from 3T3‐L1 cells to some extent. Among them, rutin was the most effective in suppressing adipocyte differentiation in a dosage dependant manner. Activity of glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH), which has a central position in lipogenesis in adipose cells, was also decreased by rutin addition at the induction stage. RT‐PCR results demonstrated that mRNA expression of adipogenic transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein‐α (C/EBPα) in 3T3‐L1 cells were remarkably down regulated by rutin treatment. For further investigation on anti‐adipogenic activities of rutin, it was orally administered (25 and 50 mg/kg b.w/daily) with high‐fat diet (64.4% of total calories as fat) to C57BL/6 mice. Body weight gains were less in high‐fat diet + rutin fed groups (HFR) than high‐fat diet alone fed group (HF) after 4 weeks. Total cholesterol contents in blood were significantly lower in HFR groups. When mRNA expressions of PPARγ and C/EBPα in hepatocytes were compared between the control HF and HFR groups, their expressions in hepatocytes of HFR groups were significantly suppressed. These results indicate that rutin inhibits adipogenic development in pre‐adipocytes and hepatocytes by down regulating expressions of key adipogenic transcription factors.
Cerebellar efferent neurons in teleost fish

In tetrapods, cerebellar efferent systems are mainly mediated via the cerebellar nuclei. In teleosts, the cerebellum lacks cerebellar nuclei. Instead, the cerebellar efferent neurons, termed eurydendroid cells, are arrayed within and below the ganglionic layer. Tracer injections outside of the cerebellum, which retrogradely label eurydendroid cells demonstrate that most eurydendroid cells possess two or more primary dendrites which extend broadly into the molecular layer. Some eurydendroid cells mostly situated in caudal portions of the cerebellum have only one primary dendrite. The eurydendroid cells receive inputs from the Purkinje cells and parallel fibers, but apparently do not receive inputs from the climbing fibers. Eurydendroid cells of the corpus cerebelli and medial valvula project to many brain regions, from the diencephalon to the caudal medulla. A few eurydendroid cells in the valvula project directly to the telencephalon. About half of the eurydendroid cells are aspartate immunopositive. Anti-GABA and anti-zebrin II antibodies that are known as markers for the Purkinje cells in mammals also recognize the Purkinje cells in the teleost cerebellum, but do not recognize the eurydendroid cells. These results suggest that the eurydendroid cells receive GABAergic inputs from the Purkinje cells. This relationship between the eurydendroid and Purkinje cells is similar to that between the cerebellar nuclei and Purkinje cells in mammals. The eurydendroid cells of teleost have both dissimilar as well as similar features compared to neurons of the cerebellar nuclei in tetrapods.
Rab24 is Required for Normal Cell Division

Rab24 is an atypical member of the Rab GTPase family whose distribution in interphase cells has been characterized; however, its function remains largely unknown. In this study, we have analyzed the distribution of Rab24 throughout cell division. We have observed that Rab24 was located at the mitotic spindle in metaphase, at the midbody during telophase and in the furrow during cytokinesis. We have also observed partial co‐localization of Rab24 and tubulin and demonstrated its association to microtubules. Interestingly, more than 90% of transiently transfected HeLa cells with Rab24 presented abnormal nuclear connections (i. e. chromatin bridges). Furthermore, in CHO cells stably transfected with GFP‐Rab24wt, we observed a large percentage of binucleated and multinucleated cells. In addition, these cells presented an extremely large size and multiple failures in mitosis, as aberrant spindle formation (metaphase), delayed chromosomes (telophase) and multiple cytokinesis. A marked increase in binucleated, multinucleated and multilobulated nucleus formation was observed in HeLa cells depleted of Rab24. We also present evidence that a fraction of Rab24 associates with microtubules. In addition, Rab24 knock down resulted in misalignment of chromosomes and abnormal spindle formation in metaphase leading to the appearance of delayed chromosomes during late telophase and failures in cytokinesis. Our findings suggest that an adequate level of Rab24 is necessary for normal cell division. In summary, Rab24 modulates several mitotic events, including chromosome segregation and cytokinesis, perhaps through the interaction with microtubules.
Molecular Programming of Mesodiencephalic Dopaminergic Neuronal Subsets

Dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra compacta (SNc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) are critical components of the neuronal machinery to control emotion and movement in mammals. The slow and gradual death of these neurons as seen in Parkinson's disease has triggered a large investment in research toward unraveling the molecular determinants that are used to generate these neurons and to get an insight in their apparent selective vulnerability. Here, I set out to summarize the current view on the molecular distinctions that exist within this mesodiencephalic dopamine (mdDA) system and elaborate on the molecular programming that is responsible for creating such diversity.
Diagnostic utility of the Pittsburgh sleep Quality Index in memory clinics

Since sleep is important for physiological memory function, sleep disturbance may contribute to subjective memory complaints and objective memory impairments independent of brain pathology. We investigated the diagnostic utility of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as an independent test to differentiate patients with and without dementia at the initial clinical diagnostic interview in dedicated memory clinics.
Assessing patients' preferences for characteristics associated with homeopathic and conventional treatment of asthma: a conjoint analysis study.

BACKGROUND A study was undertaken to investigate the preferences of patients with asthma for attributes or characteristics associated with treatment for their asthma and to investigate the extent to which such preferences may differ between patient subgroups. METHODS The economic technique of conjoint analysis (CA) was used to investigate patients' strength of preference for several key attributes associated with services for the treatment of asthma. A CA questionnaire was administered to two groups of asthma outpatients aged 18 years or older, 150 receiving conventional treatment at Whipps Cross Hospital (WC) and 150 receiving homeopathic treatment at the Royal London Homoeopathic Hospital (RL). RESULTS An overall response rate of 47% (n=142) was achieved. Statistically significant attributes in influencing preferences for both the WC and RL respondents were (1) the extent to which the doctor gave sufficient time to listen to what the patient has to say, (2) the extent to which the treatment seemed to relieve symptoms, and (3) the travel costs of attending for an asthma consultation. The extent to which the doctor treated the patient as a whole person was also a statistically significant attribute for the RL respondents. CONCLUSIONS This study has shown that aspects associated with the process of delivery of asthma services are important to patients in addition to treatment outcomes. The homeopathic respondents expressed stronger preferences for the doctor to treat them as a whole person than the patients receiving conventional treatment. Overall, the preferences for the attributes included in the study were similar for both groups.
Direct coronary surgery with saphenous vein bypass without either cardiopulmonary bypass or cardiac arrest.

From October, 1980 to April, 1983, 30 patients underwent direct coronary surgery without either cardiopulmonary bypass or cardiac arrest. Patients were selected according to the site of the lesion or the condition of the vessel, i.e. generally arteries with a good calibre (more than 1.5 mm), without big plaques in the anastomotic area and lesions limited to the left anterior descending, the diagonal or the right coronary arteries, independently from the clinical condition or state of left ventricular function. Eighteen had stable angina, 10 unstable angina, 2 post-myocardial infarction angina, and 4 had a severe concomitant disease. The operations performed were: 17 simple aorto-coronary bypasses, 11 double bypasses and 2 triple bypasses. When it was necessary to revascularize the diagonal or the left anterior descending artery, the operating table was rotated to the right, a gauze pack was applied posteriorly and the arteries were sutured with 6-0 or 7-0 prolene sutures. There were no deaths and no perioperative infarctions. It should be noted that to date this technique could be used only on 7% of our patients, but we consider this percentage could be increased in the future.
CADASIL in a North American family

Objective: To expand the reported phenotypic range of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). Background: Despite numerous patient reports, our knowledge of the phenotypic range of CADASIL remains incomplete. Method: We performed clinical, pathologic, and radiologic examinations on members of a family with CADASIL. Results: The proband is a 61-year-old man with a history of migraine and depression who has experienced multiple subcortical infarctions resulting in a stepwise decline. Neuropsychological testing documented a dementia syndrome with frontal lobe features and neurologic examination noted a left hemiparesis and a right-sided palmomental reflex. Brain biopsy with light microscopy revealed a nonatherosclerotic small-vessel angiopathy with periodic acid-Schiff positive granular changes in the media and white matter gliosis, with unremarkable cortex. Genetic testing confirmed a Notch 3 mutation. The proband's first cousin has a history of depression, one seizure possibly resulting from an acute stroke, and a learning disorder. Neuropsychological testing demonstrated deficits in executive function and neurologic examination noted persistent extraneous adventitial movements, poor coordination, and primitive reflexes. Skin biopsy with electron microscopy demonstrated granular osmiophilic material within the basement membrane of vascular smooth muscle cells, which is considered to be pathognomonic of CADASIL. The proband's older son and younger son have histories of migraine and depression, respectively, and both also had learning disorders. MRI revealed diffuse white matter disease extending into the temporal lobes, and lacunar infarctions in these four nonhypertensive patients. Other family members have experienced migraine, recurrent stroke, dementia, and depression. Conclusions: CADASIL is a genetic basis for vascular dementia that may be manifest earlier in life than previously reported.
Overlapping Membership on Audit and Compensation Committees and Financial Reporting Quality

type="main"> This paper examines whether the audit committee members of a board improve financial reporting quality if they are also on their organisation's compensation committee. Audit committees are responsible for overseeing the financial reporting process of organisations and have been urged to broaden their understanding of business risk and of the incentives provided by their firms’ executive compensation structures. Acknowledging the interrelationships among executive compensation, risk-taking and financial reporting quality, members of audit and compensation committees have been advocating more information sharing between the two committees. Using archival data from a sample of Australian Stock Exchange listed companies, and discretionary accruals as a proxy for financial reporting quality, this study finds that firms with overlapping committees have better quality financial reporting than those without such an overlap. Our evidence for this is stronger in cases where managers tend to manage earnings upwards in order to meet or beat earnings benchmarks. We also find that the beneficial effect of the existence of overlapping committees is adversely affected by the equity holdings of directors with overlapping memberships.