Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Induced breeding of Labeo rohita through single application of ovaprim-C at Faisalabad Hatchery, Pakistan

A study was conducted to observe the effect of intramuscular injection of ovaprim-C on the number of eggs/kg, fertilization rate and hatching percentage at a private fish hatchery and research center at Faisalabad, Pakistan, during May to June 2008, on Labeo rohita (Rohu). Studied fish specimens were spawned successfully following a single dose of injection of ovaprim-C (LH-RH analogue) with 0.4 ml kg -1 for female and 0.05 ml kg -1 for male brooders. Ova and milt were stripped simultaneously and mixture was stirred for 15 to 30 s during which fertilization occurred. Hatching occurred within 18 to 30 h after fertilization. The experiment was conducted in circular spawning tank with 2 m diameter. If it is impossible to determine the absolute and relative fecundity, then these parameters can be determined from the body weight. Average number of eggs/kg, fertilized eggs/kg and hatchlings/kg was 63574, 49067 and 39952, respectively. Overall fertilization and hatchling %age was 77.50% and 81.39% respectively. Wet body weight was observed to have a positive influence on absolute (r=0.983) and relative fecundity (r = 0.910) in log-log scale. Keywords : Induced spawning, ovaprim-C, fecundity, Labeo rohita. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(19), pp. 2722-2726
Interactive comment on “Estimating Radar Precipitation in Cold Climates: The role of Air Temperature within a Nonparametric Framework” by Kuganesan Sivasubramaniam et al

The authors apply the non-parametric k nearest neighbour method (k-nn) to estimate radar precipitation from gridded surface observations of rainfall and temperature for the Oslo region in Norway. They show that utilising temperature as second predictor variable reduces the root mean squared error significantly compared to a k-nn model without temperature and com-pared to the original procedure using a constant Z-Rrelationship or separate snow/rain Z-R relationships.
The Effect of Metacognitive Strategy Use via Task Supported Language Teaching on Vocabulary Acquisition: The Case of Iranian EFL learners

The main difference between proficient and less proficient learners lies in the conscious ability to the so-called metacognition. Students who possess good metacognition know how to learn and what to do in any learning circumstances. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of metacognitive strategy use via task supported language teaching on vocabulary acquisition. To achieve this aim, 40 learners studying at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences were put into experimental and control groups. For the experimental group, 10 units of 'Barron's Essential Words for the TOEFL (IBT) were covered through 'metacognitive strategy use', 'vocabulary acquisition', and 'task supported language teaching' principles of vocabulary teaching. In the case of the control group, the lesson plan was covered in accordance with the cognitive strategies and based on the exercises posed in the book. A sample of vocabulary test was administered as the pretest and another parallel one for the post-test of the study after each group was exposed to the treatment for 10 sessions. Data analyses revealed that the experimental group outperformed the control group in the post-test; in this regard, the efficacy of the teaching protocol for experimental group is confirmed.
Rare and problematic taxa from the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation

The Much Wenlock Limestone Formation (Silurian: Wenlock, Homerian) of England and Wales contains a diverse invertebrate fauna including many rare and problematical taxa. This study investigates the palaeobiology and palaeoecology of five such groups: asteroids (starfish), the crinoid Calyptocymba mariae gen. et sp. nov., rostroconch molluscs, machaeridians and cornulitids. Six species of asteroids are recognized, including three new forms (Palasterina orchilocalia sp. nov., Hudsonaster? carectum sp. nov., and Doliaster brachyactis gen. et sp. nov.), that show a diverse range of morphologies. Most distinctive is the 13-rayed Lepidaster grayi Forbes, 1850, the oldest known multiradiate starfish. The variety of asteroid body shapes indicates a diversification of behaviour, particularly feeding strategies. By functional convergence, L. grayi is interpreted as an active predator. C. mariae is an unusual species of camerate crinoid, with a small, thinly plated calyx. This, combined with its slender body morphology, is interpreted as an adaptation to life in a low energy environment. Four rostroconch taxa [Mulceodens aedicula sp. nov., M? aequicostatus (Phillips, 1848), M. latus sp. nov., and Redstonia sima sp. nov.] occur, and are interpreted as mobile, semi-infaunal, deposit feeders. Differences between Mulceodens and Redstonia probably reflect adaptations by closely related taxa to specific environments, with Mulceodens living in higher energy conditions, rather than indicating that they belong to separate families as has been suggested previously. Machaeridians are problematical taxa having elongate bodies covered with serially repeated calcitic sclerites, and three species – Turrilepas wrightiana (de Koninck, 1857), Lepidocoleus ketleyanus (Reed, 1901) and L? extraplax sp. nov. – are recognized in the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation. By analysis of their body morphology, skeletal structure and growth pattern, machaeridians are interpreted here as molluscs, probably the sister group of Polyplacophora + Conchifera. Using a similar approach, Cornulites is interpreted as a stem group anthozoan. Cornulites species show various life positions: C. scalariformis Vine, 1882, attached itself to live brachiopods, with its aperture positioned close to the host’s feeding currents, C. gremialis formed clusters growing upon one another, and C. cellulosus was solitary and unattached.
MICRO- AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF NORWAY SPRUCE TRACHEIDS: A REVIEW

Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karsten, is one of the most commercially important wood species in northern Europe. Wood from Norway spruce consists mainly (> 90%) of tracheids and the micro- and ultrastructure of these tracheids have a considerable effect on the wood and its manufactured products. This literature review presents current knowledge on some important aspects of the micro- and ultrastructural morphology of Norway spruce tracheids. At the microstructural level, variation and general trends within the tree are given for tracheid length, tracheid diameter and cell wall thickness. At the ultrastructural level, the architecture of the secondary cell wall, and particularly its lamellation and microfibril orientation are considered. Where information on Norway spruce tracheids was lacking, tracheids of other conifers are reviewed. Thus, this review also gives an insight on the structure of other conifer tracheids since there are many similarities in structure between different conifer species.
Entanglement-enhanced time-continuous quantum control in optomechanics

The cavity-optomechanical radiation pressure interaction provides the means to create entanglement between a mechanical oscillator and an electromagnetic field interacting with it. Here we show how we can utilize this entanglement within the framework of time-continuous quantum control, in order to engineer the quantum state of the mechanical system. Specifically, we analyze how to prepare a low-entropy mechanical state by (measurement-based) feedback cooling operated in the blue detuned regime, the creation of bipartite mechanical entanglement via time-continuous entanglement swapping, and preparation of a squeezed mechanical state by time-continuous teleportation. The protocols presented here are feasible in optomechanical systems exhibiting a cooperativity larger than 1.
The Origin of Modern East Asians

With the development of paleogenetics in the past decade, it has become evident that modern humans do not have a phylogenetic origin in the appearance of a new species Homo sapiens; therefore, anatomical, behavioral and genetic aspects of modernity are not the consequence of the same, single event. In this paper, we examine the evidence for anatomical, behavioral and genetic modernity in East Asia. In each case, modernity can be understood as part of a multiregional evolutionary process, rather than as an entity. Although these three aspects of modernity are somewhat independent, each evolving at different times, they are linked through demographic changes that began in the late Pleistocene - increased survivorship and population expansions that changed the course of human evolution.
The effects of different tillage methods on mineral substance of raisins in organic grape growing

Turkey is the major producer and exporter of seedless raisins in the world. The largest area under organic raisin is located in Manisa (2655 ha) then Izmir (580 ha) in the Aegean Region and almost all the grapes are dried and exported to European countries in particular. Organic raisin production constitutes 1.35% of the total raisin production of Turkey. The research was carried out in Alasehir-Yesilyurt Enterprise of Viticulture Research Station from 2006 to 2007. The research was established in a 15 year-old ‘Sultani Cekirdeksiz’ vineyard under irrigable soil conditions in organic parcel. Three different tillage methods: conventional tillage, mulch tillage, and reduced tillage were applied on the trial parcels. The research was carried out as randomized block design trials with three replicates consisting of 12 vines per parcel. Mineral substance analyses of the raisins obtained from the applications were performed using the ICP-AES technique. It was found that there was highest average potassium (K), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) contents of the raisin in mulch tillage; highest average magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P) and sodium (Na) contents of the raisin in conventional tillage; highest average manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) contents of the raisin in reduced tillage at 5% significant level.
Antecedents and Barriers to Product Innovation - a Comparison between Innovating and Non-Innovating Strategic Business Units in the Wood Industry

Increased competitive pressure from low-cost economies and substituting materials has raised the need for new strategies focusing on product differentiation in the Nordic wood industry. With the aim to identify factors that can facilitate increased product innovation activity, this study compared organizational characteristics and perceived barriers to product development among innovating and non-innovating strategic business units (SBUs) in the Swedish and Finnish wood industry. Multivariate analysis of data from a cross-sectional sample of 110 SBUs suggested that organizational size and educational level among white-collar workers are significant antecedents of product innovation activity. Furthermore, the difficulty of giving practical priority to development work in the everyday stress was identified as the most important perceived barrier to product development among managers in both innovating and non-innovating SBUs. A low competence level among the personnel and a low need to innovate was perceived to be the second most important barriers to product development among managers in, respectively, innovating and non-innovating SBUs. Practitioners who wish to increase product innovation activity in the wood industry are advised to promote an increased educational level in wood industry companies. They are further encouraged to seek ways to reduce the perceived barriers to product innovation identified in this study.
Student Perceptions of Cognitive Efficiency: Implications for Instruction

This study used a phenomenological approach with content analysis to create a model of how students perceive cognitive efficiency (CE), which is generally described as increases in the rate, amount, or conceptual clarity of knowledge, versus cognitive costs needed to attain knowledge. Graduate education students completed a five-item open-ended survey to measure perceptions of CE and what factors they believed enhanced or inhibited CE. Analysis of results revealed that student perceptions of CE predominantly focused on malleable aspects of self-regulated and reflective cognition, aligning with many descriptions of expert teaching. Students described a diminished emphasis on knowledge acquisition and information processing, in contrast to views typically associated with CE in instructional and psychological research(Hoffman & Schraw, 2010; van Gog & Paas, 2008). Practical teaching and learning implications, including suggestions for instructional practice and future research are presented.
Title Stability and stabilization for markovian jump time-delaysystems with partially unknown transition rates

This paper focuses on the stability analysis and controller synthesis of continuous-time Markovian jump time-delay systemswith incomplete transition rate descriptions. A general stability criterion is formulated first for stateand input-delay Markovian jump time-delay systems with fully known transition rates. On the basis of the proposed condition, an equivalent condition is given under the assumption of partly known/unknown transition rates. A new design technique based on a projection inequality has been applied to design both state feedback and static output feedback controllers. All conditions can be readily verified by efficient algorithms. Finally, illustrative examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NEW MODEL OF MOTORCYCLE SEAT WITH BUILT-IN LUMBAR SUPPORT

Motorcycle is getting significant attention as it is already and will be an important mode of transport in the future. However, motorcycle is a hazardous type of vehicle mode and therefore requires more efforts to enhance their safety and comfort level. As compared to car drivers, motorcyclists are more exposed to sitting hazards during the riding process. Due to increased exposures to seated postures, sitting comfort has become an important issue that demands adequate ergonomic interventions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of new model of motorcycle seat with lumbar support aimed at reducing muscle discomfort among male motorcyclists. This study was conducted among male motorcyclists at University Putra Malaysia (UPM). 94 subjects were participated, with 47 subjects for each control and experimental group. Each subject was asked to sit for 2 hours on motorcycle in two different sessions. At every 15 minutes interval, subjects were required to evaluate their discomfort level on Borg’s scale CR-10 questionnaire. Results in this study found that lumbar support (prototype) shows a significant effect towards certain body parts particularly on the neck, shoulder, upper back, arms and also lower back. However, there were no significant effect were found on the buttock, thigh, knee, calf and ankles. In conclusion, this new model of motorcycle seat with lumbar support can help to reduce discomfort level towards motorcyclists especially during prolonged riding process.
Effect of Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Protein on Carcass and Meat Quality of Kampong Chicken

The purpose of this research was to examine the c arcass quality and meat quality of native chicken fed dried tomato meal in diet. The study was conducted by using 200 heads of native chickens 10 days. The birds were divided into five experimental diets and each was divided into four replicat e groups of ten birds per replicat e . The based diet was formulated to contain 42% corn, rice bran 9%, fish me a l 10%, fish oil 5%, soybean meal 9% and commercial diets 25%. Tomato meal was included in five experimental diets at levels of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12% to substitute based diets. The treatments were PO = 100% based diet (BD) + 0% t omato m eal (TM); P1 = 97% BD+ 3% TM; P2 = 94% BD + 6% TM ; P3 = 91% BD + 9% TM ; P4 = 88% BD + 12% TM. Chemical composition of tomato meal was: 20 . 73 % c rude protein, 1 . 53% fat, 30 . 94%crude fiber, 0 . 98% Ca , 1.20% P and 2,416 kcal/kg of Gross Energy (GE). Results showedthat feeding tomato meal at an inclusion rate of 12% increased slaughter weight, carcass, breast meat, wings, drumstick and thigh, and decreased abdominal fat and blood cholesterol. Moreove r, there were no significant difference in giblet (liver, heart and gizzard) between treatments. M eat water and meat crude protein were significantly increased. M eat crude fat and meat cholesterol were significantly decreased. In conclusion, tomato meal can be used as an alternative feedstuff in kampong chicken diets at inclusion levels up to 12% without negative effects on carcass quality and meat quality.
Ethephon and calcium chloride, a combination that improves skin color of 'Rubi' table grape

2Doctorate, Dept. of Botany, IB, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”. Campus Botucatu-SP, Brazil. E-mail: scavroni@yahoo.com 3Doctorate, Dept. of Botany, IB, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”. Campus Botucatu-SP, Brazil. E-mail: ferreira.leonardocesar@gmail.com 4PhD, Professor of the Dept. of Biochemistry, CCB, Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Maringá-PR, Brazil. E-mail: mllferrarese@gmail.com 4PhD, Professor of the Dept. of Botany, IB, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”. Campus Botucatu-SP, Brazil. E-mail: eoono@ibb.unesp. br 5PhD, Professor of the Dept. of Botany, IB, niversidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”. Campus Botucatu-SP, Brazil. E-mail: mingo@ibb.unesp. br Abstract ‘Rubi’ table grape has wide acceptance of the consumer market due to its affordable price and attractive color as a function of the accumulation of anthocyanins. However, environmental conditions do not always favor the suitable accumulation of these pigments, resulting in commercial devaluation and nutritional depreciation of fruits. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of application of different ethephon concentrations, associated or not with CaCl2 application, on the skin color and quality of ‘Rubi’ grape berries. First, specific traits of berries treated with 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 mg L-1 ethephon associated with 1.5% CaCl2 solution were evaluated and pH, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), berry firmness, total and reducing soluble sugars, and anthocyanin and flavonol levels were analyzed. This first stage of evaluation revealed no changes in total sugar levels, firmness, SS, TA, SS/TA ratio, and flavonol levels, while changes were detected regarding reducing sugar and anthocyanin levels. Thus, in the second stage, the following variables were evaluated: SS, TA, reducing sugar levels, anthocyanin levels, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity of ‘Rubi’ grape berries treated with 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 mg L-1 ethephon, associated or not with 1.5% CaCl2 solution. The results of the present study indicate that ethephon associated with CaCl2 can contribute to improve the post-harvest quality of ‘Rubi’ grape, since this association increased the accumulation of anthocyanins due to the higher activity of PAL and GST, related to biosynthesis and storage of antocyanins, respectively, and increased the levels of reducing sugars (at low ethephon concentrations), not changing other quality aspects. Therefore, a single ethephon application from 200 mg L-1 associated with the application of 1.5% CaCl2 at the final ripening stage, when bunches present from 30 to 50% skin color coverage, was sufficient to produce satisfactory results regarding skin color improvement of ‘Rubi’ grape berries.
Uncertainty in Shear Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Beams With Stirrups – Comparison of EN 1992-1-1 and fib Mc 2010 Approaches

Abstract The submitted contribution is focused on the model uncertainty related to shear resistance of reinforced concrete beams with stirrups. Using available test results, effects of basic variables on the model uncertainty are analysed. Considering the section-oriented models provided in EN 1992-1-1 and in the new fib Model Code 2010 are critically compared. Proposed probabilistic description of the model uncertainty consists of the lognormal distribution having the mean and coefficient of variation dependent on the considered model. Strength of shear reinforcement seems to be the most important basic variable for most of the considered models.
Factors associated with hand foot mouth disease among children in day care center, Chiang Rai, Thailand

This is a community-based case control study that aimed to identify the factors associated with hand foot mouth disease (HFMD) among children under 6 years old in 40 day care centers (DCCs) in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. A total of 380 subjects were randomly recruited (115 cases and 265 controls). Data were analyzed using the logistic regression model at alpha = 0.05 to identify the association between variables. The results revealed that the children who stay in a poorly ventilated DCCs had a greater chance of HFMD infection than those who lived in well ventilated DCCs (OR adj = 3.11, 95%CI = 1.32-7.32). The children who lived in DCCs that did not provide a soap in toilet had a greater chance of HFMD infection than those who lived in DCCs that provide a soap in toilet (OR adj = 2.84, 95%CI = 1.33-6.07). The children who did not wash their hands before and after using the toilet had a greater risk for HFMD infection than those who usually wash their hands before and after using the toilet (OR adj = 3.74, 95%CI = 1.61-8.70). Improving environmental sanitation of a DCC is significant for prevention and control of HFMD infection in children.
The Value - Brand Trust - Brand Loyalty Chain: An Analysis of Some Moderating Variables

Trust has been recognized as an important factor that strongly influences customer loyalty. However, there has been little empirical research into brand trust in the marketing literature. In this study we investigate the moderating effect of some consumer characteristics on the value – brand trust – brand loyalty chain. The empirical findings, which are based on multiple-group causal analysis, show that the strength of the relationship between hedonic value and brand trust and brand trust and brand loyalty is strongly influenced by consumer involvement, price consciousness, and brand consciousness.
Translational Dysregulation in Autism

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. In the United States, as many as 1 in 166 individuals have ASD and it is estimated that more than 50% of those with ASD have intellectual disability [1]. ASD is among the most heritable neuropsychiatric disorders, and available evidence points to a complex genetic basis [2]. Whereas the genetic influences that cause ASD are heterogeneous, shared features are commonly observed in individuals, including impaired social relationships, augmented language and communication, and a limited range of interests and behaviors [3]. In most cases the cause is unknown, however genetically defined syndromes with increased prevalence of ASD can offer valuable insight into the underlying molecular pathways.
Evaluation of MIPAS and SCIAMACHY data using data assimilation

The evaluation of MIPAS and SCIAMACHY data using data assimilation carried out in the ASSET project is discussed. The EU-funded Assimilation of Envisat (ASSET) project involves assimilation of Envisat atmospheric chemistry and temperature data into several Numerical Weather Prediction and chemical transport models. Envisat was launched in 2002 and is one of the largest Earth Observing satellites ever built. It carries several sophisticated Earth observing instruments providing insights on chemistry and dynamics of the atmosphere.