Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The experimental and theoretical QTAIMC study of the atomic and molecular interactions in dinitrogen tetroxide.

The atomic and molecular interactions in a crystal of dinitrogen tetraoxide, alpha-N2O4, have been studied in terms of the quantum topological theory of molecular structure using high-resolution, low-temperature X-ray diffraction data. The experimental electron density and electrostatic potential have been reconstructed with the Hansen-Coppens multipole model. In addition, the three-dimensional periodic electron density of crystalline alpha-N2O4 has been calculated at the B3LYP/cc-pVDZ level of theory with and without the geometry optimization. The application of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules and crystals (QTAIMC) recovered the two types of intermolecular bond paths between O atoms in crystalline alpha-N2O4, one measuring 3.094, the other 3.116 A. The three-dimensional distribution of the Laplacian of the electron density around the O atoms showed that the lumps in the negative Laplacian fit the holes on the O atoms in the adjacent molecules, both atoms being linked by the intermolecular bond paths. This shows that the Lewis-type molecular complementarity contributes significantly to intermolecular bonding in crystalline N2O4. Partial overlap of atomic-like basins created by zero-flux surfaces in both the electron density and the electrostatic potential show that attractive electrostatic interaction exists between O atoms even though they carry the same net formal charge. The exchange and correlation contributions to the potential energy density were also computed by means of the model functionals, which use the experimental electron density and its derivatives. It was found that the intermolecular interactions in alpha-N2O4 are accompanied by the correlation energy-density ;bridges' lowering the local potential energy along the intermolecular O.O bond paths in the electron density, while the exchange energy density governs the shape of bounded molecules.
Evaluation of natural origin products for the control of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) on cattle artificially infested

th day post-treatment, show that the combinations of S. verbascifolium + M. anisopliae, M. anisopliae and B. thuringiensis produced the lower tick numbers with 40.50, 52.25 and 52.75 respectively. At 14 days post-treatment, the treatment with B. thuringiensis, M. anisopliae and the combination of S. verbascifolium + M. anisopliae produced the lowest engorged female numbers with 1.5, 6.25 and 6.25 respectively. At the 21 days post-treatment with B. thuringiensis, M. anisopliae, the combination of S. verbascifolium + M. anisopliae and S. verbascifolium had the lower engorged female numbers with 0.50, 0.75, 3.5 and 3.5 respectively. The treatments that produced engorged female with lower weights at the 7th day post-treatment corresponded to the combinations of S. verbascifolium + M. anisopliae, M. anisopliae and B. thuringiensis with 8.34 g, 11.13 g and 15.05 g respectively. At the 14 days post-treatment, the treatment that produced female with lower weights were B. thuringiensis, the combinations of S. verbascifolium + M. anisopliae and M. anisopliae with 0.25 g, 1.36 g and 1.61 g. At the 21 days post-treatment, the treatment with B. thuringiensis produced females with lower weight, and the combination of S. verbascifolium + M. anisopliae, M. anisopliae and S. verbascifolium produced 0.14 g, 0.27 g, 0.81 g and 1.01 g. respectively. At the 7th day post-treatment, the application of S. verbascifolium + M. anisopliae and M. anisopliae produced the lower egg mass weight with 0.81 g and 0.94 g respectively. At the 14th day post-treatment, with B. thuringiensis, the combination of S. verbascifolium + M. anisopliae and M. anisopliae were the treatments that achieved the lowest egg mass weights with 0.04 g, 0.12 g and 0.14 g respectively. At the 21 days post-treatment, B. thuringiensis, M. anisopliae, S. verbascifolium + M. anisopliae and S. verbascifolium with 0.08 g, 0.09 g, 0.33 g and 0.33 g respectively. At the 7th days posttreatment, the treatment that showed the lower egg hatch percentage were S. verbascifolium + M. anisopliae and M. anisopliae with 22.42 and 26.40% respectively. At the 14 days post-treatment the B. thuringiensis, M. anisopliae and S. verbascifolium + M. anisopliae treatments showed the lower egg hatch percentages of 0, 2.74, 7.55 and 12.40% respectively. Regarding the 21 days post-treatment, B. thuringiensis, M. anisopliae, the combination of S. verbascifolium + M. anisopliae and S. verbascifolium showed the lowest percentage of 0.44%, 2.90%, 8.75% and19.98% respectively. Values of percentage
Moving CLABSI Prevention beyond the Intensive Care Unit: Risk Factors in Pediatric Oncology Patients

Background and Objective. Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) frequently complicate the use of central venous catheters (CVCs) among pediatric patients with cancer. Our objectives were to describe the microbiology and identify risk factors for hospital-onset CLABSI in this patient population. Design. Retrospective case-control study. Setting. Oncology and stem cell transplant units of a freestanding, 396-bed quaternary care pediatric hospital. Participants. Case subjects (N = 54) were patients with a diagnosis of malignancy and/or stem cell transplant recipients with CLABSI occurring during admission. Controls (N = 108) were identified using risk set sampling of hospitalizations among patients with a CVC, matched on date of admission. Methods. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of CLABSI. Results. The majority of CLABSI isolates were gram-positive bacteria (58%). The most frequently isolated organism was Enterococcus faecium, and 6 of 9 isolates were resistant to vancomycin. In multivariate analyses, independent risk factors for CLABSI included platelet transfusion within the prior week (odds ratio [OR], 10.90 [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.02-39.38]; P<. 001) and CVC placement within the previous month (<1 week vs ≥1 month: OR, 11.71 [95% CI, 1.98-69.20]; P = .02; ≥1 week and <1 month vs ≥1 month: OR, 7.37 [95% CI, 1.85-29.36]; P = .004). Conclusions. Adjunctive measures to prevent CLABSI among pediatric oncology patients may be most beneficial in the month following CVC insertion and in patients requiring frequent platelet transfusions. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci may be an emerging cause of CLABSI in hospitalized pediatric oncology patients and are unlikely to be treated by typical empiric antimicrobial regimens.
DEA MODEL FOR ASSESSING EFFICIENCY IN PROVIDING HEALTH CARE AND MANAGEMENT DECISIONS

The present paper analyzes the overall efficiency at the regional level in health care system in the EU states members which joined after 2004 in a time period between 2003 and 2005. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is a method proven to be useful in a diverse variety of applications in managing, examining and improving efficiency. The DEA technique is used to measure health care efficiencies of transition economies and to discuss potential policy implications of the findings. Data for this study are collected from official sources and covers 14 units, the new states members of the EU (joined the EU after 2004) and two composite group of units (the entire EU region and the group of the 12 new members). The research question concerns the efficiency rates in which different countries use their resources to achieve their health outcomes and the policy implications for pointing out the future attention towards input versus outputs. In this study, the inputs are the number of physicians, hospital beds and measles immunization and per capita health expenditure. The traditional outputs for the general health status in a country’s population are: life expectancy at birth and infant mortality rate. Application of data envelopment analysis (DEA) reveals that some countries achieve relative efficiency advantages, including those with good health outcomes (Cyprus, Hungary, Poland) and those with modest health outcomes (Czech Republic, Latvia, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia).
Primary antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy: an analysis of outcome in a cohort of 33 women treated with a rigorous protocol.

ABSTRACT Early recurrent miscarriage, placental insufficiency, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and late fetal death all are possible consequences of primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The authors undertook a prospective study of how best to manage APS pregnancies in 33 affected women who were pregnant. Nearly 80% of patients had a history of pregnancy-related morbidity and 36% had had thrombotic events. Four very premature live-born infants had died. One third of women had had three or more consecutive first-trimester miscarriages. A first-trimester ultrasound study was done to confirm viability and for accurate dating. Uterine artery Doppler waveform studies were done at 20 and 24 weeks gestation, and growth scans at monthly intervals starting at 24 to 26 weeks. The timing of delivery was individualized. Induction was recommended at 38 to 40 weeks gestation, although pregnancies were allowed to go beyond this if there were no complications. Operative delivery was done on obstetric indications. Aspirin and low-molecular-weight (LMW) heparin were given until labor began or until the day before planned delivery. Women taking warfarin were admitted 10 to 14 days before planned delivery and converted to either full-dose LMW heparin or intravenous unfractionated heparin up to the time of delivery. LMW heparin was continued after delivery when there was a history of venous thrombosis. The live birth weight in this series was 91%; there were only three failed pregnancies. Mean birth weight was 2853 g, and mean gestational age was 36.7 weeks. Complications included four cases of IUGR (two with concurrent preeclampsia), transient ischemic attacks in five women receiving LMW heparin, and one case of placental abruption. Renal function declined in one patient who had glomerular thrombotic microangiopathy. Lupus anticoagulant was the strongest predictive factor for a thrombotic event in pregnancy. Levels of anticardiolipin antibody were less predictive, but a past thrombotic event was a strong risk factor. A history of IUGR or fetal death predicted IUGR in the current pregnancy. The operative delivery rate in this series was 59%. This study shows that a very high live birth rate is achievable in women with primary APS who have a history of significant pregnancy-related morbidity and/or thrombosis.
Integration of nanoelectromechanical (NEM) relays with silicon CMOS with functional CMOS-NEM circuit

This paper demonstrates electrical results of an integrated Si CMOS-electrostatically actuated nanoelectromechanical (NEM) relay circuit. This is an initial step towards realizing previously proposed NEM-CMOS hybrid circuits that predict various benefits compared to CMOS-only circuits. In this work, an e-beam patterned laterally actuated Pt NEM relay is fabricated at CMOS-compatible temperatures (≤ 400 °C) on top of CMOS and is driven by an on-chip CMOS inverter at VDD = 6 V.
Germline stem cells in the postnatal ovary: is the ovary more like a testis?

I am pleased to announce a new series starting in this issue. `Hot topics' will include occasional editorials and commentaries as appropriate with a forwardlooking perspective highlighting recent important research papers or potential revolutionary developments in the ®eld. The article below from one of our Associate Editors Roger Gosden seems an ideal start to the series in that it presents a balanced and constructive assessment, from someone active in the ®eld for several decades, of a paper which has the potential to radically change long-held concepts.
Biology and ecology of bat flies (Diptera: Streblidae) on bats in the genus Carollia.

The biology and ecology of bat flies found on Carollia perspicillata were investigated in Heredia Province, Costa Rica. Only Trichobius joblingi, Speiseria ambigua , and Strebla guajiro were found on Carollia . These streblids were absent from 9 species of bats in 7 other genera. Although streblids transfer readily among bats in a roost, flies had a clumped distribution on foraging bats. Female bats had significantly higher numbers of flies (3.5 ± 3) than did male bats (2.1 ± 2). The ratio of female to male flies was 1:1.3, 1:1.4, and 1:1.7 for T. joblingi, Sp. ambigua , and St. guajiro , respectively. Pupiposition occurred between 1730–1930 h, coinciding with the time when bats leave their roosts. Pupae eclosed during the morning, providing teneral flies with maximum time for cuticle hardening and host searching. Mean pupal developmental times (in days) for caged T. joblingi, Sp. ambigua , and St. guajiro were 17.4 ± 1, 19.8 ± 0.66, and 18.8 ± 0.75, respectively; pupal mortality was 22, 48, and 62%, respectively. Trichobius joblingi pupae monitored in a tree roost had 37% mortality. Streblids fed frequently and voided fecal droplets containing masses of intact red blood cells. When removed from hosts, fly defecation rates dropped to 0 after 1 h. Fed T. joblingi had a mean survivorship off the host of 2.79 ± 0.88 h, whereas teneral flies lived significantly longer (4.0 ± 0.47 h). Mean survival time off the host for Sp. ambigua and St. guajiro was less than 7 h. Streblids copulated on the host, and males would often “ride” fully parous females. Laboulbeniomycete fungi were found on all 3 bat fly species; this is the first record of them on New World streblids.
Sleep symptoms predict the development of the metabolic syndrome.

BACKGROUND Sleep complaints are highly prevalent and associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. This is the first prospective study to report the association between commonly reported sleep symptoms and the development of the metabolic syndrome, a key CVD risk factor. METHODS Participants were from the community-based Heart Strategies Concentrating on Risk Evaluation study. The sample was comprised of 812 participants (36% African American; 67% female) who were free of metabolic syndrome at baseline, had completed a baseline sleep questionnaire, and had metabolic syndrome evaluated 3 years after baseline. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was measured cross-sectionally using a portable monitor in a subset of 290 participants. Logistic regression examined the risk of developing metabolic syndrome and its components according to individual sleep symptoms and insomnia syndrome. RESULTS Specific symptoms of insomnia (difficulty falling asleep [DFA] and "unrefreshing" sleep), but not a syndromal definition of insomnia, were significant predictors of the development of metabolic syndrome. Loud snoring more than doubled the risk of developing the metabolic syndrome and also predicted specific metabolic abnormalities (hyperglycemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). With further adjustment for AHI or the number of metabolic abnormalities at baseline, loud snoring remained a significant predictor of metabolic syndrome, whereas DFA and unrefreshing sleep were reduced to marginal significance. CONCLUSION Difficulty falling asleep, unrefreshing sleep, and, particularly, loud snoring, predicted the development of metabolic syndrome in community adults. Evaluating sleep symptoms can help identify individuals at risk for developing metabolic syndrome.
Effect of triclosan on anuran development and growth in a larval amphibian growth and development assay

A larval amphibian growth and development assay was performed to evaluate the potential effects of environmentally‐relevant concentrations of triclosan (TCS) on amphibian development and growth. Xenopus laevis were exposed to TCS 0.0 (control), 6.3, 12.5 and 25.0 μg l–1 (estimated maximum tolerable concentration) until 10 weeks post‐metamorphosis. At median metamorphosis time (Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 62), five larvae per replicate were collected for snout–vent length, hind limb length and body weight measurements, and histopathological examination of thyroid glands. Endpoints evaluated at test termination were based on draft guidance (USEPA, ) and included: survival; snout–vent length; body weight; gender; nuptial pad development (males); and liver, kidney, gonad and gonadal ducts histopathology. Exposure to TCS did not decrease survival, induce general signs of toxicity, affect median metamorphosis time or alter sex ratios. Exposure to TCS 12.5 and 25 μg l–1 increased growth during the metamorphic stages relative to the control, but did not influence growth during the post‐metamorphic phase. Overall, several statistically significant findings were found in larvae exposed to TCS, such as a decrease in the prevalence of stage 3 Müllerian ducts in the anterior trunk sections of TCS 25.0 μg l–1 dose group females as compared to controls; most were not considered toxicologically relevant. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rejection sensitivity as a mediator of the impact of childhood exposure to family violence on adult attachment behavior

Abstract Substantial evidence indicates a link between exposure to family violence in childhood and troubled social relationships. We draw on attachment and social-cognitive theory to formulate a model of the mechanisms underlying this association. The model proposes that early experiences of overt rejection (e.g., physical maltreatment) or covert rejection (e.g., emotional neglect) are internalized as sensitivity to rejection. In this study, we operationalize sensitivity to rejection in social-cognitive terms as a tendency to expect and be concerned about rejection across a range of social situations. We hypothesize that rejection sensitivity mediates the link between exposure to family violence and adult attachment behavior. Data from a survey of 212 undergraduates support this hypothesis and also provide evidence that indicates sensitivity to rejection underlies both avoidant and ambivalent patterns of insecure adult attachment behavior. Overall, the results illustrate the power of a process approach to explaining the developmental sequelae of maltreatment.
PACE: Redundancy Engineering in RLNC for Low-Latency Communication

Random linear network coding (RLNC) is attractive for data transfer as well as data storage and retrieval in complex and unreliable settings. The existing systematic RLNC approach first sends all source symbols in a generation without encoding followed by the coded redundant packets at the tail of the generation. This systematic tail RLNC achieves low delay when packet drops are rare; however, recovery of any dropped source symbol requires to wait for the coded packets at the end of the generation. We propose and evaluate a novel PACE RLNC approach that paces the transmissions of coded redundant packets throughout the generation of source symbols. The paced coded packets enable the recovery of dropped source symbols without waiting for the tail end of the generation. More specifically, we propose PACE-Uniform, which uniformly intersperses individual coded packets throughout the generation, and PACE-Burst, which intersperses bursts of code packets. Our extensive simulation evaluations indicate that PACE-Uniform significantly reduces the mean source symbol delay compared to tail RLNC, while achieving nearly the same loss probability. We also demonstrate that PACE-Burst generalizes the concept of pacing the redundant packet transmissions and can be flexibly tuned between PACE-Uniform and the conventional tail RLNC by controlling the number of coded packets in a burst.
Children raised in fatherless families from infancy: a follow-up of children of lesbian and single heterosexual mothers at early adolescence.

BACKGROUND An increasing number of lesbian women and single heterosexual women are bringing up children with no male involvement. This study follows up to adolescence a sample of children raised in fatherless families from birth or early infancy. METHODS Twenty-five lesbian mother families and 38 families headed by a single heterosexual mother were compared with 38 two-parent heterosexual families. The quality of parenting by the mother, and the social and emotional development of the child, were assessed using standardised interview and questionnaire measures administered to mothers, children and teachers. RESULTS Children in fatherless families experienced more interaction with their mother, and perceived her as more available and dependable than their peers from father-present homes. However, there were no group differences in maternal warmth towards the children. Mothers raising their child without a father reported more severe disputes with their child than did mothers in father-present families. The children's social and emotional development was not negatively affected by the absence of a father, although boys in father-absent families showed more feminine but no less masculine characteristics of gender role behaviour. No major differences in parenting or child development were identified between families headed by lesbian and single heterosexual mothers. CONCLUSIONS The presence or absence of a father in the home from the outset does appear to have some influence on adolescents' relationships with their mothers. However, being without a resident father from infancy does not seem to have negative consequences for children. In addition, there is no evidence that the sexual orientation of the mother influences parent-child interaction or the socioemotional development of the child.
Population problems and women in China: an approach from the perspective of family and lineage.

The author discusses women's status in China with reference to family characteristics and lineage customs. Aspects considered include changes in the size and makeup of the traditional family; increases in divorce and female suicide; population statistics on women; the inheritance system and support of aged men; eugenics and human rights; and the UN World Conference on Women. (SUMMARY IN JPN)
Andres Randmaa Challenges to Architecture Decision-Making in Agile Development Environments

The goal of this master thesis is to explore challenges of architecture decision-making in agile environments and trying to find out what causes issues regarding agile architecture the latter being a set of values and practices supporting the effective evolution of the design and system architecture, concurrent with the implementation of new business functionality. Although the topic has been existent for some time, there are still tensions between software architecture and agility that are not well understood by agile practitioners and researchers alike. While there are many active promoters of agile architecture design, there can be found equally many non-believers who state that agility and architecture cannot work together. To find answers to the research questions stated in this thesis, two research methodologies have been used: a literature survey and a case study. The literature survey covers related work on agility in software architecture and the challenges that come with it. The survey includes difficulties that have been observed regarding the use of agile development methods when building the architecture. In addition, recommended practices are discussed for applying agile processes associated with sound architectural principles. The second part of the thesis is a case study within a software startup company, Stagnation Lab, and the SMIT (Ministry of the Interior IT and Development Centre). In Stagnation Lab, two projects were analyzed. The main architects behind the design of each project were interviewed to look deeper into potential challenges when applying agile practices in architecture development. Similarly, at SMIT, the main architect responsible for the design of a monitoring information system for the Rescue and Fire Department was interviewed.