Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of arthritis, inflammation and reactive oxygen species

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by severe synovial inflammation, cartilage destruction, and immune-mediated bone loss. Estrogen ameliorates experimental RA, reducing both inflammation and bone loss. The inflamed tissues are damaged partly by innate immune cells producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can also regulate the immune system. This thesis aimed to investigate the regulation of inflammation and joint destruction by 17βestradiol (E2) and its metabolite 2-methoxyestradiol (2me2). E2's and 2me2's immunomodulation were investigated both in experimental arthritis and in an unprovoked immune system. Both wild type (WT) mice and Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)-deficient mice were used, as COMT metabolizes E2 into 2me2. Further, E2's regulatory role was investigated in WT mice or ROS-deficient mice (B10.Q.Ncf1*/*), in a model of osteoporosis and a local (LPS-induced) inflammation model. 2me2 ameliorated arthritis and bone mineral density (BMD), and regulated immune cells differently compared with E2. Treatment with high doses of 2me2 increased uteri weight, implying estrogen-receptor activation; 2me2 activated estrogen-response elements in a tissue-, and dose-dependent manner. Deficiency in the COMT enzyme only moderately affected the immune system, and males were more affected than females. In ovx-induced bone loss, ROS-deficient mice displayed reduced osteoclastogenesis compared to controls, but similar bone mineral density and immunological profiles. In LPS-induced inflammation, E2 treatment in WT mice shifted neutrophil infiltration to macrophage infiltration, while in ROS-deficient mice E2 treatment induced neutrophil infiltration and reduced the macrophages. In conclusion, E2's metabolite 2me2 can modulate arthritis and inflammation-triggered osteoporosis. At high doses 2me2 can induce estrogen receptor signaling. E2 together with ROS regulate inflammation and osteoclastogenesis. Understanding estrogenic cellular and molecular mechanisms are important for developing new arthritis and inflammationtreatments. Our results increase the understanding of estrogens' role in inflammation and motivate further investigations.
Mechanisms and consequences of regulating neurabin and spinophilin's interaction with the tumor suppressor protein p140CAP

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)%%%%Glioblastoma is the most aggressive type of brain cancer with very poor prognosis. Due to the lack of understanding of underlying mechanisms, there are no anti-invasive clinical therapeutics available. SRC terminal kinase (SRC) is a tumorigenic protein that is highly expressed in glioblastoma samples. SRC inhibitor kinase 1 (SRCIN1), also known as p140Cap is a negative regulator of SRC. Silencing SRCIN1 results in increased tumor invasion. Our lab has discovered two novel scaffolding proteins Spinophilin (Spn) and neurabin (Nrb) that bind to SRCIN1. They may play a role in regulating SRCIN1 activity, as well as its downstream effects that ultimately decrease SRC’s tumorigenic activity. Spn and Nrb are two scaffolding proteins that are heavily expressed in the central nervous system. Spn knockout mice develop more tumors, indicating that Spn acts as a tumor suppressor protein, although the mechanisms of Spn’s anti-tumor properties are not well understood. Spn and Nrb are PP1 targeting proteins that target PP1 to other substrates, resulting in dephosphorylation and alteration of function. We found that PP1 increases Spn association with SRCIN1, but decreases Nrb association with SRCIN1, indicating that the two proteins might have opposite effects to balance the activity of p140Cap. We also found that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) phosphorylates and regulates the association of these scaffolding proteins with the tumor suppressor protein, p140Cap. Understanding these mechanisms provides insight into new therapeutic targets that may ultimately decrease SRC activity and its tumorigenic and invasive properties.
Editorial: Aesthetic Labour, Emotional Labour and Masculinity

This special issue of the journal focuses on the topic of service work and gender. The theme for this special issue arose out of a stream on service work and gender at the 2005 Gender Work and Organization conference. In many respects this special edition can be considered as complementary to an earlier special edition on gender and service work that came out in 2005. In the editorial for the 2005 special edition Kerfoot and Korczynski raised a number of issues, questions and points for debate. It is worth brieﬂy reprising some of these here as in many respects they provide a point of departure for a number of the concerns of this particular special edition.
Per capita income convergence and internal migration in Spain: Are foreign‐born migrants playing an important role?*

This paper aims to analyse the role played by internal migration of the foreign-born population in the process of income convergence at provincial level in Spain over the period 1996-2005. First, it examines, using both classical and recent analytical approaches, the provincial income convergence process. Second, the paper gives a succinct description of recent trends in foreign-born internal migration. Third, the influence of these migration flows on provincial income convergence is addressed by estimating several convergence equations. The results of this analysis seem to reject the hypothesis that foreign-born internal migration exerts a strong influence on the income convergence process. Copyright (c) 2009 the author(s). Journal compilation (c) 2009 RSAI.
Lamellar Body Secretion Inhibitory Ions DERMIS EPIDERMIS Lipid and AMP Barrier Perturbation Cytokines / Growth Factors DNA Synthesis Epidermal Hyperplasia Inflammation

Abbreviations: AD, atopic dermatitis; AMP, antimic EFAD, essential fatty acid deficiency; FLG, filaggrin; FFA, fre hBD, humanβ-defensin; hCAP, human cathelicidin; IV, ich LEKTI, lymphoepithelial Kazal-type trypsin inhibitor; N plasminogen activator type 2 receptor; SP, serine protease ☆ This article is part of a Special Issue entitled The I Epidermis and their Role in the Formation and Maintenan ⁎ Dermatology Service (190), VA Medical Center, 4150 CA 94121, USA. Tel. : +1 415 75
CEO Compensation and Bank Performance

This study sets out to discover the determinants of compensation of the chief executive officers in the banking industry of Pakistan. Accounting based performance measures and size of the firm have been used as predictors. Results of the study are consistent with arguments, suggesting significant and positive impact of size (assets) of the firm on CEO compensation while no association is found with either of the performance measure of the firm except income before tax (IBT). Return on Assets and Return on Equity failed to explain the given phenomenon. The study further elaborates that number of employees (NOEMP) greatly influences on CEO compensation but negatively. This relationship may be due to the unique characteristics of Pakistan's social and economic structure.
Modeling mixed conductivity in solid – state electrolytes by Nicole

Modeling mixed conductivity in solid-state electrolytes by Nicole Carol Mei Lin Adelstein Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering – Materials Science and Engineering University of California, Berkeley Professor Lutgard C. De Jonghe, Chair The overarching goal of the first-principles computational studies presented in this dissertation is to better understand and predict charge carrier interactions in mixed conductors. Rare-earth phosphates and hematite are chosen as example insulators which show reasonably high proton and polaron conductivity, respectively. Rare-earth phosphates are not yet used commercially, but show promise as intermediate temperature fuel–cell electrolytes, so a first-prinicples atomic-level understanding of transport in these materials will enable engineering of their properties. Due to close collaborations with experimentalists working in synthesis and characterization of rare-earth phosphates via impedance, X-ray photoemission, and NMR spectroscopy, the density functional theory (DFT) studies are compared directly to experimental measurements. Significant charge carrier concentrations are created in these materials by aliovalent doping, which can significantly increase the activation energy barrier for transport through the material. In this thesis, the interaction of protons and Ba-dopants in LaPO4 is investigated and the X-ray photoemission spectrum of CePO4 is interpreted via its calculated electronic structure, showing that hole small-polarons on Ce ions are stable defects. Finally, a new method for calculating small-polaron mobilities in crystals with DFT plus a Hubbard-U term is presented and found to work well for electron small-polaron mobilities in hematite.
Eliminating the Educational Structural Defects Constraining Effective Guidance and Counselling Services Delivery in Secondary Schools in Edo State, Nigeria

The purpose of this study was to determine the educational structural defects constraining the effective guidance and counselling services delivery in secondary schools in Edo State of Nigeria. In the conduct of this study, four research questions were generated to guide the study as follows: (i) Is there an enabling environment, working materials and tools designed for guidance and counselling services? (ii) Are professional counsellors assigned non-counselling roles in the schools represented? (iii) Is the School curriculum and instructional programme planned to include counselling periods in the school time table and outside of the school time table? (iv) What is the school counsellors’ rating of statutory provision of funds for guidance and counselling programmes? The sample for this study consisted of 35 school counsellors, who were purposively selected from Secondary Schools in three senatorial districts of Edo State in Nigeria. A survey research instrument, containing 15 relevant items to the research questions, which were properly validated and tested for reliability were used to collect the data of the study. A reliability co-efficient of 0.79 was obtained using test-retest method. The findings of the study indicated no adequate provision of enabling environment and working materials for counselling services. Furthermore, counsellors are predominantly assigned non-counselling duties, school curriculum and instructional programs do not include counseling sessions in the school timetable, and statutory funds are not provided to facilitate the services. Based on these findings, some recommendations were made as contained in the study to improve counselling services in Edo State Secondary Schools in Nigeria. iafor The International Academic Forum www.iafor. org
Setting up an imaging center , adding computed tomographic , magnetic resonance , and an angiography suite to vascular labs

Computed tomographic angiography (CTA), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and diagnostic arteriography are all vascular diagnostic tools that may be included in modern vascular diagnostic laboratories. Before undertaking the establishment of such an all-purpose diagnostic, and possibly interventional, facility the vascular specialist or group needs to ensure safe patient care and the ability to provide these diagnostic tests and procedures without incurring a financial loss. This article will detail one method of setting up such a facility and suggest some other approaches. It will also introduce some of the issues that may change the legislative landscape in the Unites States of America (USA) and may make these arrangements more complex in that country. (J Vasc Surg 2009;49:1073-6.)
Bryophytes diversity in Brazil

The bryoflora of Brazil comprises 1,524 species, 117 families, and 413 genera (11 hornworts, 633 liverworts, and 880 mosses). The most diverse families of liverworts are: Lejeuneaceae (285 species), Lepidoziaceae (48), Frullaniaceae (37), Ricciaceae (36), Plagiochilaceae (27), Radulaceae and Metzgeriaceae (26 each), Lophocoleaceae (18), Aneuraceae (15), and Calypogeiaceae (13); while, for the mosses, we have: Sphagnaceae (83 species), Fissidentaceae (65) Pottiaceae (63), Dicranaceae (54), Bryaceae and Sematophyllaceae (53 each), Orthotrichaceae and Pilotrichaceae (51 each), Calymperaceae (48), and Hypnaceae (28). These large groups account for 71% of the Brazilian bryophyte species. Lejeuneaceae and Sphagnaceae are the families with highest number of endemic taxa (54 and 60 species). The Atlantic Rainforest presents the greatest number of species (1,337), followed by the Amazon Rainforest (570) and Cerrado (478). The highest number of endemic species (242) is associated with the Atlantic Rainforest, where the Dense Ombrophilous Forest concentrates 73% of the species with 62% endemism. The Southeastern region is the most diverse in number of species (1,228) and with more endemism (219). Most endangered species are restricted to the Atlantic Rainforest of southeastern Brazil, which is the diversity and endemism centre for mosses and liverworts. The information currently presented by the Brazilian List is close to the real bryophyte diversity found in the country.
Improved Automatic Maturity Assessment of Wikipedia Medical Articles

The Internet is naturally a simple and immediate mean to retrieve information. However, not everything one can find is equally accurate and reliable. In this paper, we continue our line of research towards effective techniques for assessing the quality of online content. We focus on the Wikipedia Medicine Portal, which exposes a large volume of medical articles, representing our dataset. In a previous work, we implemented an automatic technique to assess the quality of each article and we compared our results to the classification of the articles given by the portal itself, obtaining quite different outcomes. Here, we present an enhanced instantiation of our methodology for evaluating the quality of such articles. Compared to the previous work, we make use of a lower number of criteria, to reduce both redundant features and those not mentioned by the WikiProject guidelines. Criteria are restricted here only to “computable” features of the article. Intuitively, even if significant, qualitative guidelines may constitute an obstacle when relying on automatic techniques that need quantifiable values as input. We validate the new assessment exploiting the cosine similarity metric. What we obtain is a fine-grained assessment and a better discrimination of the articles’ quality, with respect to previous work. In our opinion, the proposed methodology could help automatically evaluating the maturity of Wikipedia medical articles in a easy and efficient way.
The citation impact of research collaboration in science‐based industries: A spatial‐institutional analysis

This study shows for eight science-based industries that the citation impact of research collaboration is higher for international collaboration than for national and regional collaboration. A further analysis of institutional affiliations shows that university-industry-government collaborations profit from being organized at the regional scale only in the cases of biotechnology and organic fine chemistry. The alleged importance of physical proximity for successful interaction between university, industry and government thus is not robust across industries. We discuss the policy implications that follow. Resumen Este estudio muestra que para ocho industrias de ambito cientifico el impacto en citas bibliograficas de la investigacion de colaboracion es mayor para colaboraciones internacionales que para colaboraciones de ambito nacional y regional. Un analisis mas profundo de afiliaciones institucionales muestra que las colaboraciones entre universidad-industria-gobierno solamente son provechosas a escala regional para la biotecnologia y la quimica fina organica. La supuesta importancia de la proximidad fisica para una interaccion exitosa entre universidad, industria y gobierno no es por tanto robusta para todas las industrias. Discutimos las implicaciones politicas que todo esto conlleva.
Antimicrobial Treatment Resistance Gene to Escherichia coli during pneumoniae and Transfer of the SHV-18-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella β Colonization by Extended-Spectrum-Severe Sepsis Facilitates Intestinal

Published Ahead of Print 25 November 2013. 10.1128/AAC.01632-13. 2014, 58(2):1039. DOI: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. Liu and Dechang Chen Jun Guan, Shaoze Liu, Zhaofen Lin, Wenfang Li, Xuefeng Antimicrobial Treatment Resistance Gene to Escherichia coli during pneumoniae and Transfer of the SHV-18 -Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella β Colonization by Extended-SpectrumSevere Sepsis Facilitates Intestinal
Justice delivered locally : Solomon Islands

This literature review is guided by three questions about justice delivery and dispute resolution at the community level in Solomon Islands: what mechanisms have historically been in place to resolve disputes at the community level in Solomon Islands, and what information is available about how these have worked? What mechanisms (formal and informal) are in place in Solomon Islands at the community level today for dealing with civil and criminal matters and customary land disputes, and what information is available about how these work? And what role have churches and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) historically played in the delivery of justice services at the community level in Solomon Islands and what is known about their present role? The review notes that since the intervention of the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI), government advisors have attempted to weigh the pros and cons of customary leadership and conflict resolution and debate its place in restructuring and rebuilding governance. At the same time, some evidence from research at the local level indicates that people are developing a pragmatic approach that utilizes contemporary indigenous leadership (which may or may not be, traditional) and government agencies as circumstances demand. It is also clear that the church (of several denominations) has had a very long and significant influence on local affairs and its efficacy is more welcome among villagers than that of agencies locally perceived to represent the government. As noted in the conclusion, an inference is that a hybrid local court system with strong community input will serve contemporary and future needs.
Budgeting Samples for Exploration in Unknown Environments

This paper presents an algorithm that improves previous efforts to incorporate ecological models of foraging into automating exoplanetary exploration. The new budgeting strategy is an improvement over previous approaches in that it attempts to exhaust its sampling budget while exploring. Simulated experiments demonstrate that the budgeting algorithm is also a better approach for small budget sizes thank more traditional approaches based on principles from the design of experiments.
Regret in decision making : the cost of changing your mind

The main purpose of this thesis is to study the relationship between regret and changing your mind in decisions where there is a time period between the choice and when the outcome is revealed. Do people experience regret before as well as after the outcome is known? If so, do they experience more regret after the outcome if they have the option to change their mind, and do so? To answer these two questions three experiments were performed. In Study 1 and Study 2 the participants were given the impression that the result was at least partly based on their skill in offering money to a simulated opponent. Half the participants were given the opportunity to change their mind. In the first study the participants' reported regret before the outcome was significantly higher than the regret reported post-outcome, while in the second study it was equal. In both studies those who changed their choice before the outcome reported more regret both not only before, but also after the outcome, compared to those who did not change. To further explore the effect of changing your mind a third study was performed. Even when changing your mind was the best strategy those who did so reported a higher amount of regret than those who did not. Results indicate that there is a significant amount of regret before the outcome is known, and that the act of changing your mind has an effect on the amount of experienced post-outcome regret.
Image zooming using directional cubic convolution interpolation

Image-zooming is a technique of producing a high-resolution image from its low-resolution counterpart. It is also called image interpolation because it is usually implemented by interpolation. Keys' cubic convolution (CC) interpolation method has become a standard in the image interpolation field, but CC interpolates indiscriminately the missing pixels in the horizontal or vertical direction and typically incurs blurring, blocking, ringing or other artefacts. In this study, the authors propose a novel edge-directed CC interpolation scheme which can adapt to the varying edge structures of images. The authors also give an estimation method of the strong edge for a missing pixel location, which guides the interpolation for the missing pixel. The authors' method can preserve the sharp edges and details of images with notable suppression of the artefacts that usually occur with CC interpolation. The experiment results demonstrate that the authors'method outperforms significantly CC interpolation in terms of both subjective and objective measures.
Input saving possibilities and practices contributing to more efficient beef production in Sweden

This study estimated the possibilities of reducing costs and improving input use in a sample of Swedish farms specialising in beef production. Input use efficiency was measured in a multi-output, multi-input function distance function analysis, covering the period 2008-2011. For comparison, both the classical radial and the generalised non-parametric approach were used. The results revealed that on average, costs could be decreased by 20%. Both models constructed frontiers where: i) the rankings of farms according to efficiency were positively and highly correlated and ii) the size and the significance of the parameter estimates were similar. Input-saving technologies were found to be positively influenced by livestock density, pasture availability and the use of coupled income support. Larger farms, farms with higher specialisation in beef cattle, farms with a larger number of animals older than 2 years, farms converting to organic production, farms located in less favoured areas and farms located in regions with a shorter grazing period were found be less efficient.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Facial Hair: A Newly Identified, Modifiable Risk Factor in Home Oxygen TherapyeRelated Burns

To the Editor: Over a 4-year period, 3 patients presented to our primary care clinic with facial burns sustained while using home oxygen therapy (HOT); all 3 had facial hair. This observation prompted us to hypothesize that facial hair may increase the risk of HOT-related burns. A literature review of MEDLINEindexed journal articles identified 10 case series published from January 1, 1998, through December 31, 2012, that focused on factors contributing to HOT-related burns; the largest series, published in 2012, included 56 male patients. None of the articles reported on the facial hair status of the individuals. Given that previous literature did not report the facial hair status of individuals with HOT-related burns, we performed an institution-based medical record review that identified 9menwho had sustained HOT-related burns between January 1, 1994, and December 31, 2013. Eight of the 9 individuals (89%) had facial hair at the time of their burns.