Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Left Buccal Alveolar Ridge

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity accounts for 4% of malignancies in men and 2% of malignancies in women, and is responsible for 3% of all cancer deaths. Cancers of the gingiva often escape early detection and lead to a delay in intervention, since their signs and symptoms resemble common dental and periodontal infections. Here we present a case of a 55-year-old female patient who presented to our clinic with a left lower gingival mass for two weeks. Based on the clinical presentation, and possible differential diagnosis, this case highlights the importance of timely intervention and management.
Clinical characteristics that portend a positive Xpert Ultra test result in patients with pleural tuberculosis

Background The performance of Xpert-MTB/RIF, including the newer Xpert Ultra test, for the diagnosis of pleural TB is poor (~28 - 38%). There are no data on patient characteristics that portend a positive Xpert-Ultra test in pleural fluid. These characteristics could be useful for selecting patients for Xpert-Ultra testing, thus maximising benefits of a positive test, while minimising cost. Objectives To determine the clinical, radiological, microbiological and biochemical characteristics associated with Xpert-Ultra positivity in patients with suspected pleural tuberculosis. Methods We performed a subgroup analysis of a prospective observational cohort (N=165 patients with suspected pleural TB) evaluating same-day diagnostic tools for pleural tuberculosis. Forty-nine patients with confirmed pleural tuberculosis (culture and/or histology) were included in the final analysis. Results Of the 49 participants, 17 (35%) were female and 9 (18.4%) were HIV-infected. In the multivariate analysis including demographic, radiological and pleural fluid test characteristics, there were no independent predictors of Xpert-Ultra positivity. However, when pleural fluid test results were excluded, and when only rapidly ascertainable pre-test factors (demographic and radiologic variables) were considered, the multivariable analysis showed that only a chest X-ray (CXR) suggestive of active TB (cavities, consolidation and hilar lymphadenopathy) was associated with Xpert-Ultra positivity (p=0.021). Notably, only 22% (n=11/49) of the participants had a CXR suggestive of active TB and of these, 73% (n=8/11) had a positive Xpert-Ultra result. Conclusion CXR features suggestive of active TB are significantly associated with a positive Xpert-Ultra test result on pleural fluid. These data inform clinical practice in resource-poor settings.
Assessment of Anticancer Effect of Alendronate in Breast Cancer: An In vitro Study

Breast cancer has high incidence in women from both developed and developing countries. Approximately 2 million women are diagnosed with breast cancer in 2018. In Asia, unfortunately Pakistan leads the highest number of breast cancer patients. Various treatment strategies are present but they are not well developed. There is a great need to develop effective methods for early detection and treatment of the disease. For cancer treatment chemotherapeutic interventions have always been a method of choice. One of the mechanisms involved in cancerous cell proliferation is Mevalonate (MVA) pathway. It is hypothesized that arresting MVA pathway leads to cell death hence cancer cell growth is suppressed. Various inhibitors of MVA pathway have been studied that can suppress cell proliferation. Nitrogen containing bisphosphonates are MVA pathway inhibitor and clinically used for treatment of bone diseases. Their anticancer efficacy is also reported. Current study focuses on alendronate, a nitrogen containing bisphosphonate to examine their anticancer effect on breast cancer cell line. Results of this study may help in addition of new anticancer drug for breast cancer.
Temporal artery involvement in AL amyloidosis: an important differential diagnosis for giant cell arteritis. A case report and literature review

Abstract AL amyloidosis (AL) is a systemic disorder due to extracellular tissue deposition of amyloid fibrils, composed of immunoglobulin light chains. Since the description of AL involving temporal arteries in 1986, this disorder has been known as one of the differential diagnoses of giant cell arteritis (GCA). We encountered a case of an elderly female presenting with headache and tender and enlarged temporal arteries, that was pathologically diagnosed with temporal artery involvement of AL due to Bence–Jones-type MM. To our knowledge, this was the first case of AL with temporal artery involvement in Japan, that presented with GCA-like features. Literature review of AL cases with temporal artery involvement showed close similarity between these disorders, but suggested that vasculature involvement (extremity claudication, kidney or heart), macroglossia, carpal tunnel syndrome and normal or low (<0.5 mg/dL) CRP levels may predict AL rather than GCA. Physicians should keep in mind that AL involving temporal arteries can be a pitfall in the diagnosis of GCA, as seen in our and previous cases.
Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 in Osteosarcoma: a Meta-Analysis

Background: Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) was reported to be associated with survival outcomes in patients with osteosarcoma, but the results were controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of PD-L1 in osteosarcoma. Methods: The pooled HR and 95%CI were calculated to measure the prognostic role of PD-L1 for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The odds ratio (OR) and 95%CI were used to evaluate the correlation of PD-L1 and clinicopathological features. Publication bias was measured using Begg’s funnel plots. Results: A total of 9 studies with 538 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results were HR=1.78, 95%CI=1.36-2.32, p<0.001 for OS and HR=1.24, 95%CI=0.31-5.07, p=0.761 for DFS. PD-L1 was significantly associated with metastasis (OR=8.51, 95%CI=4.3-16.86, p<0.001). Conclusion: PD-L1 might be a potential prognostic marker in patients with osteosarcoma. Keywords: meta-analysis; PD-L1; osteosarcoma; prognosis
The Role of Cardiac MRI in the Management of Ventricular Arrhythmias in Ischaemic and Non-ischaemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and VF account for the majority of sudden cardiac deaths worldwide. Treatments for VT/VF include anti-arrhythmic drugs, ICDs and catheter ablation, but these treatments vary in effectiveness and carry substantial risks and/or expense. Current methods of selecting patients for ICD implantation are imprecise and fail to identify some at-risk patients, while leading to others being overtreated. In this article, the authors discuss the current role and future direction of cardiac MRI (CMRI) in refining diagnosis and personalising ventricular arrhythmia management. The capability of CMRI with gadolinium contrast delayed-enhancement patterns and, more recently, T1 mapping to determine the aetiology of patients presenting with heart failure is well established. Although CMRI imaging in patients with ICDs can be challenging, recent technical developments have started to overcome this. CMRI can contribute to risk stratification, with precise and reproducible assessment of ejection fraction, quantification of scar and ‘border zone’ volumes, and other indices. Detailed tissue characterisation has begun to enable creation of personalised computer models to predict an individual patient’s arrhythmia risk. When patients require VT ablation, a substrate-based approach is frequently employed as haemodynamic instability may limit electrophysiological activation mapping. Beyond accurate localisation of substrate, CMRI could be used to predict the location of re-entrant circuits within the scar to guide ablation.
High-Lard and High-Cholesterol Diet, but not High-Lard Diet, Leads to Metabolic Disorders in a Modified Dyslipidemia Model

Background In view of the increased global prevalence of cardiovascular and hepatic diseases, the diet lipid content and its relationship with the accumulation of fat in hepatocytes have been investigated as key factors in preventing these diseases. Objective To evaluate the metabolic effects of a high-lard diet supplemented or not with cholesterol on a modified dyslipidemia model. Methods We divided 24 adult male Wistar rats into three groups: standard diet (STD - 4% lipids), high-lard diet (HLD - 21% lard), and high-lard and high-cholesterol diet (HL/HCD - 20% lard, 1% cholesterol, 0.1% cholic acid). After six weeks of treatment, blood and liver were collected for biochemical (serum lipid profile and liver enzymes) and morphological analyses. Statistical analysis included one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey test for mean comparisons, and a 5% probability was considered statistically significant. Results Animals fed HL/HCD showed increased total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, LDL-c, non-HDL-c, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) serum levels compared to those fed STD. In addition, the HL/HCD animals presented higher relative liver weight, with moderate macrovesicular hepatic steatosis and inflammatory infiltrate. Conclusion A high-fat diet with lard (20%) and cholesterol (1%) triggered dyslipidemia with severe liver damage in rats in a shorter experimental time than the previously reported models. The high-lard diet without supplementation of cholesterol led to body weight gain, but not to dyslipidemia.
Molecular and Clinical Insights into the Invasive Capacity of Glioblastoma Cells

The invasive capacity of GBM is one of the key tumoral features associated with treatment resistance, recurrence, and poor overall survival. The molecular machinery underlying GBM invasiveness comprises an intricate network of signaling pathways and interactions with the extracellular matrix and host cells. Among them, PI3k/Akt, Wnt, Hedgehog, and NFkB play a crucial role in the cellular processes related to invasion. A better understanding of these pathways could potentially help in developing new therapeutic approaches with better outcomes. Nevertheless, despite significant advances made over the last decade on these molecular and cellular mechanisms, they have not been translated into the clinical practice. Moreover, targeting the infiltrative tumor and its significance regarding outcome is still a major clinical challenge. For instance, the pre- and intraoperative methods used to identify the infiltrative tumor are limited when trying to accurately define the tumor boundaries and the burden of tumor cells in the infiltrated parenchyma. Besides, the impact of treating the infiltrative tumor remains unclear. Here we aim to highlight the molecular and clinical hallmarks of invasion in GBM.
Using spinal flexibility to predict the initial in-orthosis correction on the patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

This thesis is protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. By reading and using the thesis, the reader understands and agrees to the following terms: 1. The reader will abide by the rules and legal ordinances governing copyright regarding the use of the thesis. 2. The reader will use the thesis for the purpose of research or private study only and not for distribution or further reproduction or any other purpose. 3. The reader agrees to indemnify and hold the University harmless from and against any loss, damage, cost, liability or expenses arising from copyright infringement or unauthorized usage.
Association of ABO blood group and malaria in a tertiary health care centre

www.worldwidejournals. com 45 Volume-6 | Issue-12 | December-2017 | ISSN 2250-1991 | IF : 5.761 | IC Value : 86.18 PARIPEX INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH Rashmi Roy* Senior Research Fellow Department of Pathology Assam Medical College Dibrugarh *Corresponding Author Dr Russo Daimary Consultant Pathologist Lower Assam Hospital and Research Centre Out of a total of 150 participants, 39 (26%) febrile patients were found to be infected with Plasmodium parasites, among which 61.5% are male and 38.4% are female. Figure 2: Age Distribution of Malarial Patients 20-29 age group is predominantly found to be infected with malaria parasite. Figure 3: Type of malaria infection This bar diagram indicates that 74.3% and 17.9% are infected with P. falciparum, and P. vivax respectively, Figure 4: ABO Blood Group Distribution This Pie diagram shows the phenotypic frequency distribution of blood groups B was found to be highest at 38.4% followed by O A and AB 35.8%, 17.9 %, and 7.6% respectively
Mepolizumab in the treatment of eosinophilic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract Despite maximal medical therapy, a subset of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease continue to suffer acute exacerbations. It is also clear that a subset of this population has elevated blood eosinophils. In addition to clearly responding better to inhaled corticosteroids, it is also possible that this subgroup may benefit from biologic treatments targeting eosinophilic inflammation. Mepolizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against interleukin-5 (IL-5), may have a therapeutic effect in a subgroup of patients with COPD and eosinophilic airway inflammation. In this review, we discuss the biologic rationale for mepolizumab targeting IL-5 in eosinophilic COPD as well as the results of recently published clinical trials.
Development of Intelligent Exoskeleton Grasping Through Sensor Fusion and Slip Detection

This thesis explores the field of hand exoskeleton robotic systems with slip detection and its applications. It presents the design and control of the intelligent sensing and forcefeedback exoskeleton robotic (iSAFER) glove to create a system capable of intelligent object grasping initiated by detection of the user’s intentions through motion amplification. Using a combination of sensory feedback streams from the glove, the system has the ability to identify and prevent object slippage, as well as adapting grip geometry to the object properties. The slip detection algorithm provides updated inputs to the force controller to prevent an object from being dropped, while only requiring minimal input from a user who may have varying degrees of functionality in their injured hand. This thesis proposes the use of a high dynamic range, low cost conductive elastomer sensor coupled with a negative force derivative trigger that can be leveraged in order to create a controller that can intelligently respond to slip conditions through state machine architecture, and improve the grasping robustness of the exoskeleton. The mechanical and electrical improvements to the previous design, the sensing and forcefeedback exoskeleton robotic (SAFER) glove, are described while details of the controller design and the proposed assistive and rehabilitative applications are explained. Experimental results confirming the validity of the proposed system are also presented. In closing, this thesis concludes with topics for future exploration. Development of Intelligent Exoskeleton Grasping Through Sensor Fusion and Slip Detection
Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Interventions targeting mitochondrial dysfunction have the potential to extend survival in preclinical models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of targeting mitochondria as a potential therapeutic target in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Preclinical studies written in the English language were identified with no restrictions on publication date from PubMed, Medline and EMBASE databases. All studies adopting interventions targeting mitochondria to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in genetic or drug-induced organism models were considered for inclusion. A total of 76 studies were included in the analysis. Survival data were extracted, and the meta-analysis was completed in RevMan 5 software. We show that targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis results in a statistically significant improvement in survival (Z = 5.31; P < 0.00001). The timing of administration of the intervention appears to affect the improvement in survival, with the greatest benefit occurring for interventions given prior to disease onset. Interventions at other time points were not significant, although this is likely to be secondary to a lack of publications examining these timepoints. The quality score had no impact on efficacy, and publication bias revealed an overestimation of the effect size, owing to one outlier study; excluding this led to the recalculated effect size changing from 5.31 to 3.31 (P < 0.00001). The extant preclinical literature indicates that targeting mitochondrial dysfunction may prolong survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, particularly if the intervention is administered early. A limitation of current research is a significant bias towards models based on superoxide dismutase 1, with uncertainty about generalisability to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with an underlying TAR DNA binding protein 43 proteinopathy. However, further mechanistic research is clearly warranted in this field.
An audit of electron microscopy in the diagnosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis – are current pathological techniques missing important abnormalities in the glomerular basement membrane? CURRENT STATUS: POSTED

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a pathological diagnosis which underpins a variety of progressive renal diseases that commonly result in proteinuria, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and potential end stage kidney disease (ESKD) requiring renal replacement therapy (1). FSGS occurs in either a primary. secondary, or genetic form. Primary FSGS is thought to be largely immunological in nature perhaps driven by an elusive permeability factor and secondary FSGS caused by compensatory hyperfilitration due to a previous glomerular injury (2). In recent years there has been a greater appreciation of the contribution of underlying genetic causes of this histological pattern. Many of these genetic aetiologies for FSGS have potential clinical significance for at-risk family members, subsequent genetic counselling, future living related kidney transplantation and therapeutics including potential avoidance of immunosuppressive therapies otherwise used for primary immunologically-mediated FSGS. Although initial focus has been on genes that are involved in the maintenance of podocyte structure and function it has become apparent that abnormalities in genes responsible for the structural integrity of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) may underpin a significant minority of cases of adult-onset FSGS (3). Variants in COL4A3, COL4A4 and COL4A5 which encode the α3, α4 and α5 chains of collagen IV respectively, the major constituent of the GBM, previously linked to both Alport syndrome and thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) may also underlie cases of FSGS (4). This suggestion has biological plausibility. Podocytes, the glomerular epithelial cells responsible for maintenance of the filtration barrier of the glomerulus through which plasma is ultrafiltrated, are not only a source for the α-chains secreted to form the GBM but also are required to be anchored to this structure in order to maintain the aforementioned filtration barrier (2, 5). It is not inconceivable then that inherited structural abnormalities of the GBM may lead to subsequent podocyte dysfunction and ultimately the lesion histologically characterised as FSGS.
"Demand what you prefer": the role of sexual assertiveness among HIV-infected women

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate sexual assertiveness among HIV-infected women, and to address the relationship between sexual assertiveness, sociodemographic characteristics, sexual and fertility profile, and HIV-related variables in this population. Design: A cross sectional study. Methods: The research was conducted with a sample of 93 eligible HIV-infected women referred to Imam Khomeini hospital between September 2016 and January 2018. The Hurlbert Index of Sexual Assertiveness was used to assess sexual assertiveness. Results: Mean and standard deviation of sexual assertiveness was 51.33 (20.16). We found a significant relationship between age (p = 0.04), education (p = 0.03), pregnancy experience (p = 0.003), age at the time of first sexual contact (p = 0.005), and disclosure of HIV sero-status to sexual partners (p = 0.05) and sexual assertiveness. Binary logistic regression results showed that age (p = 0.04), having live children (p = 0.003), and disclosure of HIV sero-status to sexual partners (p = 0.04) could significantly predict sexual assertiveness score. Conclusion: Our findings showed that level of sexual assertiveness in HIV sero-positive women deserves more attention. In addition, consideration should be given to sexual health related issues and sexual assertiveness skills during routine HIV care appointments.
Factors Influencing Depression in Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background : Student mental health in higher education has been an increasing concern during COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health issues are the leading impediment WR(cid:3)DFDGHPLF(cid:3)VXFFHVV(cid:17)(cid:3)0HQWDO(cid:3)LOOQHVV(cid:3)FDQ(cid:3)DIIHFW(cid:3)VWXGHQWV¶(cid:3)PRWLYDWLRQ(cid:15)(cid:3)FRQFHQWUDWLRQ(cid:15)(cid:3)DQG(cid:3) social interactions † crucial factors for students to succeed in higher education. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence depression in medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects and Method : This was a cross-sectional study. A sample of 589 students were selected for this study from the Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret , Surakarta, Central Java, from 2017 to 2020. The dependent variable was depression. The independent variables were age, gender, year of class, self-control, and self-restraint. Depression was measured by Beck's Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) questionnaire. Self-control was measured by the Self-Control Scale. Self-restraint was measured by Resilience Scale-14 (RS-14). The data were analyzed using logistic regression model. Results : The risk of depression among medical students decreased with better selfcontrol (OR= 0.93; 95% CI= 0.91 to 0.96; p= 0.399) and self-restraint (OR= 0.94; 95% CI= 0.92 to 0.96; p= 0.003), and it was statistically significant. The risk of depression among medical students increased if female (OR= 2.24; 95% CI= 0.89 to 5.58; p= 0.032) and it was statistically significant. The associations between depression and age as well as year of class were statistically non-significant (p>0.05). Conclusion : Better self-control and self-restraint are associated with less risk of depression among medical students. Female students have higher risk of depression than males. Age and year of class are not significantly associated with the risk of depression.