Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mutations at the Same Residue (R50) of Kir6.2 (KCNJ11) That Cause Neonatal Diabetes Produce Different Functional Effects

Heterozygous mutations in the human Kir6.2 gene (KCNJ11), the pore-forming subunit of the ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP channel), are a common cause of neonatal diabetes. We identified a novel KCNJ11 mutation, R50Q, that causes permanent neonatal diabetes (PNDM) without neurological problems. We investigated the functional effects this mutation and another at the same residue (R50P) that led to PNDM in association with developmental delay. Wild-type or mutant Kir6.2/SUR1 channels were examined by heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes. Both mutations increased resting whole-cell currents through homomeric and heterozygous KATP channels by reducing channel inhibition by ATP, an effect that was larger in the presence of Mg2+. However the magnitude of the reduction in ATP sensitivity (and the increase in the whole-cell current) was substantially larger for the R50P mutation. This is consistent with the more severe phenotype. Single–R50P channel kinetics (in the absence of ATP) did not differ from wild type, indicating that the mutation primarily affects ATP binding and/or transduction. This supports the idea that R50 lies in the ATP-binding site of Kir6.2. The sulfonylurea tolbutamide blocked heterozygous R50Q (89%) and R50P (84%) channels only slightly less than wild-type channels (98%), suggesting that sulfonylurea therapy may be of benefit for patients with either mutation.
Implementing a clinical decision-support system in practice: A qualitative analysis of influencing attitudes and characteristics among general practitioners

In order to obtain a better understanding of barriers to the implementation of clinical decision-support systems (CDSSs) in primary health care, we explored general practitioners' (GPs) handling of a CDSS during the implementation process. An Internet-based application for the management of chronic heart failure was used that was an adaptation of established clinical guidelines for computer use. The whole implementation process was followed closely, using a combination of different methods for data collection: repeated interviews with the five participating GPs, observations of patient visits, patient interviews, and detection of usage. We analysed the data using qualitative content analysis. The results showed that GPs' attitudes and characteristics constituted different profiles that seemed to be associated with the degree of acceptance of the CDSS. Those profiles were related to conceptions about the GPs' professional role and their attitudes towards the computer's function in disease management and in decision-making. Some additional barriers were insufficient level of computer skills and time constraints in everyday work. These findings can help us identify groups of GPs with definable needs during the implementation of a CDSS and make it easier to meet those needs with individually tailored interventions.
Integrated Analysis of Cache Related Preemption Delays and Cache Persistence Reload Overheads

Schedulability analysis for tasks running on micro- processors with cache memory is incomplete without a treatment of Cache Related Preemption Delays (CRPD) and Cache Persistence Reload Overheads (CPRO). State-of-the-art analyses compute CRPD and CPRO independently, which might result in counting the same overhead more than once. In this paper, we analyze the pessimism associated with the independent calculation of CRPD and CPRO in comparison to an integrated approach. We answer two main questions: (1) Is it benecial to integrate the calculation of CRPD and CPRO? (2) When and to what extent can we gain in terms of schedulability by integrating the calculation of CRPD and CPRO? To achieve this, we (i) identify situations where considering CRPD and CPRO separately might result in overestimating the total memory overhead suffered by tasks, (ii) derive new analyses that integrate the calculation of CRPD and CPRO; and (iii) perform a thorough experimental evaluation using benchmarks to compare the performance of the integrated analysis against the separate calculation of CRPD and CPRO.
Expression of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 in otorhinolaryngologic neoplasms.

INTRODUCTION C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7) has recently been characterised as a novel receptor for the C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12)/stromal cell-derived factor 1-alpha. CXCR7 has been thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis, angiogenesis and tumour metastasis. The present study aimed to examine the expression of CXCR7 in tissue samples of laryngeal cancer and maxillary sinus carcinoma to determine its role in the development of otorhinolaryngologic neoplasms. METHODS Samples of otorhinolaryngologic neoplasms were obtained from 17 patients with either nasal polyps (n = 7), laryngeal cancer (n = 5) or maxillary sinus carcinoma (n = 5), and who underwent surgical resection at West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Total RNA was isolated and CXCR7 mRNA expression was examined and quantified by relative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. A one-way analysis of variance was performed using SPSS Statistics version 11.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) to compare the CXCR7 mRNA levels among the three groups of patients. RESULTS All samples tested positive for CXCR7 mRNA. The quantitative results showed that the CXCR7 mRNA levels were highest in laryngeal cancer and lowest in maxillary sinus carcinoma neoplasms, although there was no significant difference among the three samples. CONCLUSION CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR7 may contribute to eosinophilic inflammation in patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps. Our results also suggest that CXCR7 may play a role in the progression, metastasis and angiogenesis of otorhinolaryngologic tumours.
Local spectral method to seeded image cosegmentation

Abstract. The cosegmentation problem is referred to as segmenting the same or similar objects simultaneously from a group of images. However, designing a robust and efficient cosegmentation algorithm is a challenging work because of the variety and complexity of the object and the background. We proposed a new seeded image cosegmentation method based on a local spectral method, which combines bottom-up information and seeds’ knowledge effectively for segmentation. Multiple images are connected into a weighted undirected graph so the cosegmentation problem is converted into a graph partitioning problem that is solved by biased normalized cuts. The results of the cosegmentation experiment reveal that the proposed method performs well even in the presence of some noise images (images not containing a common object) or in the condition of the image set containing more than one object.
Risk-Bearing and the Theory of Income Distribution

This paper develops the stochastic theory of distribution with a dynamic model which focuses on the role of incomplete insurance in generating inequality. Unlike previous work, our approach takes explicit account of the reason for market incompleteness in modeling agents' behaviour; in particular, the amount of risk borne is endogenous. Using a model of growth with altruism in which agents are risk-averse and there is moral hazard, we show that lineage wealth follows a Markov process which converges globally to an ergodic distribution; this also represents the long-run population distribution of wealth. We discuss the role of particular assumptions, such as availability of production loans and unboundedness of utility, in yielding the qualitative properties of the distribution of wealth, the choice of "occupation" and the prevention of poverty traps.
The Role of Mentors/Advisors in the Doctoral Training of African American Students at Predominately White Universities: Implications for Doctoral Training

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship and the importance of connecting the African American doctoral students and their advisors in the mentor roles. More specifically, this study brings to the forefront the importance as well as the impact of mentors/advisors and their roles in facilitating academic success for African American doctoral students. Many African American doctoral students are typically misunderstood and misdirected in the types of support that they may need to succeed in graduate school (Gallien & Peterson, 2005). Mentors/advisors and the roles that they have are essential to the success of African American doctoral students. The support structures surrounding the mentor/advisor relationship in this research are essential to how it relates to the needs of the African American doctoral student on a predominately White campus. Given the findings, recommendations are provided for future research and for administrators at predominately White Institutions.
Purkinje cell death: Differences between developmental cell death and neurodegenerative death in mutant mice

This review is devoted to Purkinje cell death occurring during development and in spontaneous cerebellar mutations of the mouse. We first present evidence in favor of an apoptotic developmental Purkinje cell death. Then, the different types of Purkinje cell degeneration occurring in mutant mice primarily affecting this neuronal population (nervous, purkinje cell degeneration, Lurcher, toppler, andwoozy) are described and discussed. In addition, we show, by reporting new data, that cell death intambaleante mutant mice can be related to autophagy. Last, we discuss the fact that the cell death pathways in mutant mice are more complex than the three types of developmental death generally described (apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis), since they share often characteristics of more than one type of these developmental cell deaths, particularly autophagy and apoptosis.
Pulmonary involvement in inflammatory bowel disease.

AIM To determine the relationship of pulmonary abnormalities and bowel disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS Thirty ulcerative colitis (UC) and nine Crohn's disease patients, and 20 control subjects were enrolled in this prospective study. Detailed clinical information was obtained. Extent and activity of the bowel disease were established endoscopically. Each patient underwent pulmonary function tests and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Blood samples for measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), angiotensin converting enzyme and total IgE were delivered by the patients. RESULTS Ten (25.6%) patients had respiratory symptoms. A pulmonary function abnormality was present in 22 of 39 patients. Among all patients, the most prevalent abnormalities in lung functions were a decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow (FEF) 25%-75%, transfer coefficient for carbon monoxide (DLCO), DLCO/alveolar volume. Increased respiratory symptoms score was associated with high endoscopic activity index in UC patients. Endoscopic and clinical activities in UC patients were correlated with FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and FEF 25%-75%. Smoking status, duration of disease and medication were not correlated with pulmonary physiological test results, HRCT abnormalities, clinical/endoscopic disease activity, CRP, ESR or total IgE level or body mass index. CONCLUSION It is important that respiratory manifestations are recognized and treated early in IBD. Otherwise, they can lead to destructive and irreversible changes in the airway wall.
In Search of Excellence: The Investor’s Viewpoint

The bestseller In Search of Excellence profiled companies that had been identified as "excellent "on the basis of outstanding financial performance as ranked by several measures of profitability and growth. This article examines 29 of the companies and finds that their financial health-as measured by the same ratios-began to decline virtually across the board starting right from the date on which they were selected as "excellent. "Furthermore, 39 companies ranked at the bottom by the same ratios showed widespread improvement over the next five years. Over the five years, a portfolio of the 29 excellent companies wound up with 18 underperformers and 11 outperformers. It beat the S&P 500 by 1 per cent per year. A portfolio of the "unexcellent" companies ended up with 25 outperformers and 14 underperformers. It beat the S&P 500 by over 12 per cent per year. The two portfolios had almost identical betas and standard deviations. The beta of the excellent portfolio was 1.18 and its annual standard deviation was 17.7 per cent. The unexcellent portfolio had a beta of 1.17 and annual standard deviation of 18 per cent. The unexcellent portfolio, however, had a monthly alpha (non-market return) of 1.0 per cent, compared with the excellent portfolio's 0.2 per cent. Obviously, analysts must question the naive assumption that history can be simply extrapolated and must carefully integrate into the stock selection process a rigorous valuation decision.
env Gene of Chicken RNA Tumor Viruses: Extent of Conservation in Cellular and Viral Genomes

The env gene of avian sarcoma-leukosis viruses codes for envelope glycoproteins that determine viral host range, antigenic specificity, and interference patterns. We used molecular hybridization to analyze the natural distribution and possible origins of the nucleotide sequences that encode env; our work exploited the availability of radioactive DNA (cDNAgp) complementary to most or all of env. env sequences were detectable in the DNAs of chickens which synthesized an env gene product (chick helper factor positive) encoded by an endogenous viral gene and also in the DNAs of chickens which synthesized little or no env gene product (chick helper factor negative). env sequences were not detectable in DNAs from Japanese quail, ring-necked pheasant, golden pheasant, duck, squab, salmon sperm, or calf thymus. The detection of sequences closely related to viral env only in chicken DNA contrasts sharply with the demonstration that the transforming gene (src) of avian sarcoma viruses has readily detectable homologues in the DNAs of all avian species tested [D. Stehelin, H. E. Varmus, J. M. Bishop, and P. K. Vogt, Nature (London) 260: 170-173, 1976] and in the DNAs of other vertebrates (D. Spector, personal communication). Thermal denaturation studies on duplexes formed between cDNAgp and chicken DNA and also between cDNAgp and RNAs of subgroup A to E viruses derived from chickens indicated that these duplexes were well matched. In contrast, cDNAgp did not form stable hybrids with RNAs of viruses which were isolated from ring-necked and golden pheasants. We conclude that substantial portions of nucleotide sequences within the env genes of viruses of subgroups A to E are closely related and that these genes probably have a common, perhaps cellular, evolutionary origin.
An exploration of the influence of specialized recreation program participation on inclusive recreation involvement

An Exploration of the Influence of Specialized Recreation Program Participation on Inclusive Recreation Involvement Whitney E. Mayer State University of New York at Cortland 2009 The purpose of this study was to explore the influence participation in specialized recreation programs may have on inclusive recreation involvement. The research questions were concerned with the relationships between specialized recreation participation, inclusive recreation participation, self-determination and the role of supports. The study was conducted with the New York State Inclusive Recreation Resource Center (NYSIRRC) at SUNY Cortland. The NYSIRRC was interested in this information to help improve its Recreation Referral Service (RRS). The RRS serves people with disabilities and helps them to pursue inclusive recreation. Specialized programs are segregated and do not always lead to inclusion in recreation. Research has not shown whether participation in specialized programs may help to promote participation in inclusive recreation or if they create dependency or other barriers. There is little research on whether participation in specialized recreation programs leads to greater involvement in inclusive recreation, or unintentionally enables a cycle of participation in segregated services. There is much research to support that inclusion in recreation has significant benefits to all participants, with and without disabilities. What is unclear is why, when the benefits of inclusion are well documented, people still chose not to participate in these programs. Is it as simple as personal choice, or are there other reasons? This study explored these questions in order to help service providers offer programs, both specialized and inclusive, to help promote recreation participation that will help people to participate fully in the recreation of their choice. This study used qualitative methods to address the research questions. The study sample was selected using purposive sampling, where individuals who had the specific characteristics of importance to this study were deliberately selected. This type of sampling led “information rich cases” (Patton, 1990, p. 169). Only a small sample was analyzed for this study because cases are in-depth and information rich. Based on the findings it was concluded that specialized recreation programs do have a positive influence on inclusive recreation for people with disabilities. Results are discussed in more detail.
Microdialysis Monitoring in Clinical Traumatic Brain Injury and Its Role in Neuroprotective Drug Development

Injuries to the central nervous system continue to be vast contributors to morbidity and mortality; specifically, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common cause of death during the first four decades of life. Several modalities are used to monitor patients suffering from TBI in order to prevent detrimental secondary injuries. The microdialysis (MD) technique, introduced during the 1990s, presents the treating physician with a robust monitoring tool for brain chemistry in addition to conventional intracranial pressure monitoring. Nevertheless, some limitations remain, such as limited spatial resolution. Moreover, while there have been several attempts to develop new potential pharmacological therapies in TBI, there are currently no available drugs which have shown clinical efficacy that targets the underlying pathophysiology, despite various trials investigating a plethora of pharmaceuticals. Specifically in the brain, MD is able to demonstrate penetration of the drug through the blood-brain barrier into the brain extracellular space at potential site of action. In addition, the downstream effects of drug action can be monitored directly. In the future, clinical MD, together with other monitoring modalities, can identify specific pathological substrates which require tailored treatment strategies for patients suffering from TBI.
Post-processor for data path synthesis using multiport memories

A novel design methodology for data path synthesis using multiport memories is presented which can be applied to scheduled algorithms or to already synthesized data paths as a postprocessor to reduce the design space. Based on simple and clear but powerful principles, the proposed technique not only groups variables to a minimum number of multiport memories depending on their ports and taking into consideration the variables' access requirements, but also minimizes their interconnection hardware (such as buses, multiplexers, and tri-state buffers) to functional units. The system, MAP, supports the synthesis of architecture in both linear topology and random topology for the application-specific design. The minimization problems have been formulated as 0-1 integer linear programming problems. Experiments on benchmarks show very promising results and the CPU time for all the benchmarks is less than 1.4 s. <<ETX>>
Using Action Research to Organize Technology Transfer in Complex Innovation Contexts

Technology innovation management increasingly involves working across multiple organizational borders (West & Bogers, 2017). In addition, the types of organization participating in technology transfer projects are not limited to large, for-profit firms but also involves SMEs (Brunswicker & Van de Vrande, 2014), universities (Perkmann & Walsh, 2007), and government agencies (Chesbrough & DiMinin, 2014). However, a consequence of such organizational complexity is the need for projects to deliver against multiple performance criteria. The resulting models of technology transfer (e.g., Bozeman et al., 2015) can themselves be so complex and contingent that it becomes difficult to discern general implications for the management and organization of such projects. In this article, we adopt an alternative approach to organizing technology transfer in very complex contexts, and we advocate for the use of participatory action research as a means of realizing the diverse objectives of stakeholders while also yielding academic insights.
Robustness of cooperative forward collision warning systems to communication uncertainty

Cooperative collision avoidance systems rely on communication between vehicles to detect possibility of collision. In this paper, we present a systematic approach to study the performance of emerging communication based vehicle safety systems. Examples of such systems include forward collision warning (FCW) application. We employ a co-simulation tool that we have developed jointly in collaboration with industry partners for this purpose. The tool allows joint study of the safety application and its underlying communication system. We utilize this tool and study the impact of communication uncertainties on a new variation of the FCW algorithm that has been designed by the team. In this paper, the impact of communication loss and the choice of signal communication logic are examined. It is shown that the relationship between communication loss and accuracy of hazard detection algorithm is non-linear. It is also shown that employing error-dependent communication logic will yield considerable gains in communication or accuracy of tracking and hazard detection. Network awareness in communication logic is also demonstrated to be beneficial in high communication loss situations.
Reducing cardiovascular risk factors in non-selected outpatients with schizophrenia

Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of premature death in patients with schizophrenia. We aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk factors in non-selected outpatients with schizophrenia using methods proven effective in short-term trials. Furthermore, we examined whether any baseline characteristics were associated with positive outcomes. Methods: All outpatients treated for schizophrenia at two Danish hospitals were included in this 1-year follow-up study. The patients were offered health interventions both individually and in groups. Weight, waist circumference, blood glucose and lipids and information on smoking and alcohol were obtained. Results: On average, small significant increases in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumferences were observed while small non-significant improvements in other cardiovascular risk factors were seen. Patients with high baseline BMI and patients with duration of treated illness beyond 2 years had significantly better intervention outcomes. Conclusion: Our results show that it was difficult to improve physical health in a group of non-selected patients with schizophrenia as part of routine care. The patients were not easily motivated to participate in the interventions, and it was difficult to monitor the recommended metabolic risk measures in the patient group. Future research should focus on simple strategies in health promotion that can be integrated into routine care.