Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A computationally efficient 3D finite‐volume scheme for violent liquid–gas sloshing

We describe a semi‐implicit volume‐of‐fluid free‐surface‐modelling methodology for flow problems involving violent free‐surface motion. For efficient computation, a hybrid‐unstructured edge‐based vertex‐centred finite volume discretisation is employed, while the solution methodology is entirely matrix free. Pressures are solved using a matrix‐free preconditioned generalised minimum residual algorithm and explicit time‐stepping is employed for the momentum and interface‐tracking equations. The high resolution artificial compressive (HiRAC) volume‐of‐fluid method is used for accurate capturing of the free surface in violent flow regimes while allowing natural applicability to hybrid‐unstructured meshes. The code is parallelised for solution on distributed‐memory architectures and evaluated against 2D and 3D benchmark problems. Good parallel scaling is demonstrated, with almost linear speed‐up down to 6000 cells per core. Finally, the code is applied to an industrial‐type problem involving resonant excitation of a fuel tank, and a comparison with experimental results is made in this violent sloshing regime. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Scheme for Verification on Data Integrity in Mobile Multicloud Computing Environment

In order to verify the data integrity in mobile multicloud computing environment, a MMCDIV (mobile multicloud data integrity verification) scheme is proposed. First, the computability and nondegeneracy of verification can be obtained by adopting BLS (Boneh-Lynn-Shacham) short signature scheme. Second, communication overhead is reduced based on HVR (Homomorphic Verifiable Response) with random masking and sMHT (sequence-enforced Merkle hash tree) construction. Finally, considering the resource constraints of mobile devices, data integrity is verified by lightweight computing and low data transmission. The scheme improves shortage that mobile device communication and computing power are limited, it supports dynamic data operation in mobile multicloud environment, and data integrity can be verified without using direct source file block. Experimental results also demonstrate that this scheme can achieve a lower cost of computing and communications.
Extraction Techniques for Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity Determination of Chilean Papaya (Vasconcellea pubescens) Fruit

The aim of this work was to assess and compare different extraction methods by using high hydrostatic pressure (HHPE), ultrasound (UE), agitation (AE), and their combinations for the extraction of bioactive compounds of Chilean papaya. Extract antioxidant capacity was evaluated by three methods (i.e., DPPH, FRAP, and Voltammetry) and phenolic compounds and vitamin C were determined by HPLC. Papaya sample extraction was performed by HHPE at 500 MPa for 10 min and UE and AE for 30 min, respectively. The combined-extractions: HHPE-UE and HHPE-AE, were carried out for 5 min and 15 min, respectively. The highest values found were total phenolic 129.1 mg GAE/100 g FW, antioxidant capacity by DPPH 20.6 mM TE/100 g FW, and voltammetry 141.0 mM TE/100 g FW for HHPE-UE method in free compound extraction. Regarding vitamin C content, its highest value was found by HHPE-UE (74 mg/100 g FW) a combined extraction method. The phenolic compounds rutin and p-coumaric acid were found in all the extracts, both in free and bound forms, respectively. Besides, the combined techniques improved the extraction of bioactive compounds.
Geodesic Rays and K\"ahler-Ricci Trajectories on Fano Manifolds

Suppose $(X,J,\omega)$ is a Fano manifold and $t \to r_t$ is a diverging Kahler-Ricci trajectory. We construct a bounded geodesic ray $t \to u_t$ weakly asymptotic to $t \to r_t$, along which Ding's $\mathcal F$-functional decreases, partially confirming a folklore conjecture. In absence of non-trivial holomorphic vector fields this proves the equivalence between geodesic stability of the $\mathcal F$-functional and existence of Kahler-Einstein metrics. We also explore applications of our construction to Tian's $\alpha$-invariant.
Two and three nucleons in a trap, and the continuum limit

We describe systems of two and three nucleons trapped in a harmonic-oscillator potential with interactions from the pionless effective field theory up to next-to-leading order (NLO). We construct the two-nucleon interaction using two-nucleon scattering information. We calculate the trapped levels in the three-nucleon system with isospin T = 1/2 and determine the three-nucleon force needed for stability of the triton. We extract neutron-deuteron phase shifts, and show that the quartet scattering length is in good agreement with experimental data.
Where is Beta Going ?

This paper finds that the market betas of value and small stocks have decreased by about 75% in the second half of the twentieth century. The path of beta can be closely tracked using variables that summarize the state of the economy. On the basis of this analysis, the decline in beta can be related to a long-term improvement in economic conditions that made these companies less risky. Decomposing beta into the cashflow and expected return news components confirms that the payoffs of these companies are less sensitive to market conditions. This finding has implications for the debate on the CAPM anomalies. The failure to account for time-series variation of beta in unconditional CAPM regressions can explain as much as 30% of the value premium. In some samples, about 80% of the value premium can be explained by assuming that investors tied their expectations of the riskiness of these stocks to the high values of beta prevailing in the early years. ∗Aknowledgments: I am grateful to my advisors, Jonathan Lewellen, Sendhil Mullainathan, and Dimitri Vayanos, for their guidance and support. A special thank to John Campbell for insights and attention. This paper benefited from discussions with Ken French, Xavier Gabaix, S.P. Kothari, Guido Kuersteiner, Steve Ross, and Tuomo Vuolteenaho. I also wish to thank Tobias Adrian, Manuel Amador, Quy-Toan Do, Jonathan Kearns, Augustin Landier, Tomas Philippon, Jonathan Reuter, and participants at the Batterymarch Finance Seminar at MIT, and the Finance Seminar at Pompeu Fabra University. All the errors are the author’s responsibility.
Faraway or Nearby? Domestic and International Spillovers in Patenting and Product Innovation

The diffusion of knowledge plays a central role in endogenous growth theories. Simply put, in these models new knowledge can be generated from preexisting knowledge. In other words, existing knowledge is a pure public good, which can benefit any economic agent anywhere. More generally, endogenous growth theories rely on a broad set of assumptions that have not been tested sufficiently, especially for developing economies. The scope and nature of knowledge spillovers is, however, important for policy, because the presumed positive spillovers can justify government intervention (if the spillovers are localized) or laissez faire (if the spillovers are international). This paper empirically assesses the scope and direction of knowledge spillovers in national patenting and, separately, product innovation by firms. The first set of exercises tests whether the cumulative knowledge specifications of the knowledge production function can explain international patterns of patenting or whether own research and development is necessary to produce patents. The second set of exercises analyzes whether firm product-quality upgrading and the introduction of new products depend on product innovation within industries, within or across countries. The evidence supports the view that existing stocks of knowledge, domestic and foreign, enhance national innovation and entrepreneurship in the form of product innovation. More specifically, the evidence suggests that within-country and international knowledge spillovers are positive, but international spillovers can be negative for firms that are far from innovative firms in terms of productivity. The results depend on the concept of ? distance? between countries and firms.
AN IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK FOR AD- DITIVE MANUFACTURING IN SUPPLY CHAINS

Additive manufacturing has become one of the most important technologies in the manufacturing field. Full implementation of additive manufacturing will change many well-known management practices in the production sector. However, theoretical development in the field of additive manufacturing with regard to its impact on supply chain management is rare. While additive manufacturing is believed to revolutionize and enhance traditional manufacturing, there is no comprehensive toolset developed in the manufacturing field to assess the impact of additive manufacturing and determine the best production method that suits the applied supply chain strategy. A significant portion of the existing supply chain methods and frameworks were adopted in this study to examine the implementation of additive manufacturing in supply chain management. The aim of this study is to develop a framework to explain when additive manufacturing impacts supply chain management efficiently.
Performance of Two Temperature-Based Reference Evapotranspiration Models in the Mkoji Sub-Catchment in Tanzania

The performance of two temperature-based empirical models for computing reference evapotranspiration (ETo): the Hargreaves (HG) and the Jensen-Haise (J-H) models, were evaluated for the three: Upper, Middle, and Lower zones of the Mkoji sub-catchment of the Great Ruaha River Basin in Tanzania. Climatic data from the Mbeya, Igurusi, and Kapunga weather stations, representing the Upper, Middle, and Lower Mkoji respectively, were used to compute daily ETo in accordance with the two temperature-based models. A third model: the FAO-Penman-Monteith (F-P-M) model was used as a reference model for assessing the performance of the temperature-based models. The F-P-M model was used as a reference because it has been recommended as a universal model for computing ETo. The daily ETo calculated based on the temperature-based models were compared statistically with those of the F-P-M model. The results showed that daily ETo of the HG and J-H models were significantly different from the F-P-M model at P 0.80 in the Upper and Middle zone, and >0.60 in the Lower zone). The equations can therefore be used to convert daily ETo from the temperature-based models to their equivalent in the F-P-M model.
The Efficiency of Social Skills Training and the Fordys Cognitive- Behavioral Model of Joy in Incrased Happiness of Students

This research were done in order to investige the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral instruction of social skills in comparison with Fordyce's trainings in increased happiness of secondary school in Neyshabour. Therefore, 120 students was selected. Atfirst, thejoy level of students was assessed by Oxford's Happiness test and their anxiety and depression levels were measured by Beck's Depression test and Schpilbergere's Trait-state Anxiety questionnaire. Then four experiment faced with independent variables by seven to ten sessions. Onceagain, at the end of the training period, all groups were assessed by the above-mentioned tests. Also, follow–up assays were conducted one month after the end of training. The results were analyzed by one- and two–factor variance analysis tests as well as the Shefe's ad-hoc test. The study results indicated that trial and control groups have significant difference in respect of happiness rate. The results of Shefe's ad-hoc test showed that cognitive-behavioral instruction of social skills is more efficient than Fordyce Trainings. In respect of anxiety level of students, there was no significant effect of cognitive-behavioral instruction of social skills and Fordyce trainings on increased happiness of students. But the students who had a higher level of depression were more affected by these trainings. Also, it was shown that age and education variables had no effect on effectiveness of trainings. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016. v7n3s3p119
Modelling erosion development during wave overtopping of an asphalt

Wave overtopping initiates erosion of dikes, thereby compromising the safety against flooding. Structures integrated in a grass covered dike may decrease the resistance against erosion. In this study, CFD modelling is used to assess the effect of an asphalt road on top of the dike crest on the initiation of erosion due to wave overtopping. The Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations are solved via a k-e turbulence model. Two wave overtopping experiments are used for validating the hydrodynamics and the coupled hydrodynamic-erosion model. The amount of scour caused by overtopping waves is predicted by combining the shear stresses from the CFD model with an erosion model including grass erosion. Both the hydrodynamics and scour depths show good agreement with the measurements. Results show that a dike profile with a road on top of the crest is more vulnerable to erosion development than a bare grass covered dike profile. This is caused by a combination of the smoother asphalt section and the damaged berms at the transitions of the asphalt with the grass cover.
A REVIEW ON PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND BIOLOGICAL ASSAYS OF AVERRHOA BILIMBI

Averrhoa bilimbi is a multipurpose, long-lived tropical plant commonly known as ―Bilimbi, Cucumber Tree‖ belonging to family Oxalidaceae. The plant has an enormous fiscal value since most of the parts like leaves, bark, flowers, fruits, seeds, roots or the whole plant are used as alternative medicine to treat a variety of diseases especially diabetes. In the present review, we tried to give the existing information on photochemical constituents, conventional medicinal uses and antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic activities, anti-oxidant activity, antifertility, and antibacterial activities and other biological activities of Averrhoa bilimbi.The extract of various parts of Averrhoa bilimbi is medicinally used as a folk remedy for many symptoms and showed significant pharmacological activities so it is necessary to perform further investigation to isolate such pharmacological active compounds which can be used in production of novel drugs for various diseases. Overall, this paper gives an overview on covering the biology, and various commercial and therapeutic applications. © 2013 Universal Research Publications. All rights reserved
Experimental Design and Validation of an Accelerated Random Vibration Fatigue Testing Methodology

Novel accelerated random vibration fatigue test methodology and strategy are proposed, which can generate a design of the experimental test plan significantly reducing the test time and the sample size. Based on theoretical analysis and fatigue damage model, several groups of random vibration fatigue tests were designed and conducted with the aim of investigating effects of both Gaussian and non-Gaussian random excitation on the vibration fatigue. First, stress responses at a weak point of a notched specimen structure were measured under different base random excitations. According to the measured stress responses, the structural fatigue lives corresponding to the different vibrational excitations were predicted by using the WAFO simulation technique. Second, a couple of destructive vibration fatigue tests were carried out to validate the accuracy of the WAFO fatigue life prediction method. After applying the proposed experimental and numerical simulation methods, various factors that affect the vibration fatigue life of structures were systematically studied, including root mean squares of acceleration, power spectral density, power spectral bandwidth, and kurtosis. The feasibility of WAFO for non-Gaussian vibration fatigue life prediction and the use of non-Gaussian vibration excitation for accelerated fatigue testing were experimentally verified.
Decadal oscillation of lakes and aquifers in the upper Great Lakes region of North America: Hydroclimatic implications

We report a unique hydrologic time series which indicates that water levels in lakes and aquifers across the upper Great Lakes region of North America have been dominated by a climatically driven, near‐decadal oscillation for at least 70 years. The historical oscillation (~13 years) is remarkably consistent among small seepage lakes, groundwater tables, and the two largest Laurentian Great Lakes despite substantial differences in hydrology. Hydrologic analyses indicate that the oscillation has been governed primarily by changes in the net atmospheric flux of water (P − E) and stage‐dependent outflow. The oscillation is hypothetically connected to large‐scale atmospheric circulation patterns originating in the midlatitude North Pacific that support the flux of moisture into the region from the Gulf of Mexico. Recent data indicate an apparent change in the historical oscillation characterized by an ~12 years downward trend beginning in 1998. Record low water levels region wide may mark the onset of a new hydroclimatic regime.
NBO Population Analysis and Electronic Calculation of Four Azopyridine Ruthenium Complexes by DFT Method

The molecular structure, the Natural Bond orbital (NBO) and the Time Dependent-DFT of both isomers cis or γ-Cl and trans or δ-Cl of RuCl2(L)2, where L stands respectively for 2-phenylazopyridine (Azpy), 2,4-dimethyl-6-[phenylazo]pyridine (Dazpy), 2-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)azopyridine] (Mazpy) and 2-pyridylazonaphtol (Nazpy) were calculated with DFT method at B3LYP/LANL2DZ level. The prediction of the frontier orbitals (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital or HOMO and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital or LUMO) shows that the most active complexes suitable for electronic reactions are admitted to be the trans isomers. Moreover, δ-RuCl2 (Azpy)2 is discovered to react more actively as photo-sensitizer since its energy gap is the minimum. Besides, electronic structures of all complexes through NBO calculation indicate that Ru-N bonds are made of delocalization of occupancies from lone pair orbital of N atoms to the ruthenium. Moreover, Ru was assumed to have almost the same charge regardless the structure of the azopyridine ligands in the complex indicating that the ligands provide only a steric effect that is responsible for the ruthenium’s selectivity. Concerning the transition state, NBO analysis also highlights that the transition LP(Ru) π*(N1-N2) does correspond to t2g π*(L). This transition is assumed to correspond to Metal to Ligand Charge Transfer (MLCT) that is responsible for the photo-sensitiveness of the metallic complex. Besides, TDDFT calculation of complexes showed that δ-RuCl2(Nazpy)2 displays the largest band during the absorption. For that reason, it is admitted to be the best photosensitizer due to a large system of conjugation provided by Nazpy ligand.
Assessment of Metals Concentration in Water, Sediment and Macrophyte Plant Collected from Lake Hawassa, Ethiopia

This study was aimed to assess the concentration of metals (Hg, Cr, Zn Cd and Pb) in water, sediment, and S. corymbosus macrophyte plant samples collected from six different sites (S1 to S6) of Lake Hawassa. The results revealed that there was significant difference (p Cr>Pb>Cd>Hg, while the concentration of metals in water followed the order of Zn>Pb>Cr>Cd>Hg. High to very high correlations were recorded within some metal pairs and with some physico-chemical parameters. - Although metals concentration in water and sediment of the lake are generally in non-polluted to moderately polluted range according to international standards based on numerical sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), almost all values at different sampling sites along the shoreline are much higher than the reference site as well as the background metals concentration of the lake. This is a clear indication that Lake Hawassa is exposed to different pollutants from all directions and the problem can easily go out of hand unless a special attention to be properly monitored for better protection of the lake and the surrounding catchment areas is given. as different human activities are increasing around the lake. Therefore, strategies to control point and non-point sources of all over the shorelines should be developed for better protection of the lake as well as the surrounding catchment areas.
EFFECTS OF TONAL CONTEXT AND FOCUS ON CANTONESE F0

F0 variations of the speech of tone languages are not only constrained by individual lexical tones but also affected by various contextual factors. In this work the effects of two factors, i.e. tonal context and emphatic focus, on F0 contours of Cantonese speech are investigated through a controlled experiment. For tonal context, all the four combinations of carryover/anticipatory and assimilatory/dissimilatory effects are observed, but with different magnitudes and domains. For focus, the effect covers a wider range and shows a similar nature in pre-focus, onfocus, and post-focus domains, both raising F0 values and expanding F0 ranges. The interactions between the two factors are also addressed.
Monitoring Co-Creation: A Survey of Lithuanian Urban Communities

In this paper, we conduct a systematic survey of urban communities in Lithuania to evaluate their potential to co-create collective intelligence or “civic intelligence” applying Digital Cocreation Index methodology that includes different sociotechnological indicators. Civic intelligence is a form of collective intelligence that refers to the group’s capacity to perceive societal problems and to address them effectively. The research focuses on evaluation of diverse organizational designs that increase efficient collective performance. The current scientific project advanced the state of the art by evaluating the basic preconditions in the urban communities through which the collective intelligence is being cocreated under the systemic manner. The research subject is the “bottom up” digital enabled urban platforms, initiated by Lithuanian public organizations, civic movements or business entities. The webbased monitoring results obtained by applying a social indices calculation methodology and Pearson correlation analysis provided the information about the potential and limits of the urban communities and what possible changes need to be implemented to overcome the limitations. Keywords—Computer supported collaboration, co-creation, collective intelligence, socio-technological system, networked society.
Environmental Factors as Correlates of Use of Information Resources in Public University Libraries in Imo and Abia States, Nigeria

The study examined the environmental factors as correlates of use of information resources in public university libraries in Imo and Abia States, Nigeria. It was guided by three research questions and two hypotheses. Survey and linear correlational designs were adopted for the study. A sample of 379 students was drawn from a population of 32,999 registered users of the university libraries studied. Data collected were analysed using mean scores and standard deviation for research question one and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) for questions two and three. The hypotheses were tested employing t-test statistics at 0.05 level of significance. Findings show that: all types of information resources listed are used in the university libraries studied while very low and insignificant relationship exists between the environmental factors and use of the information resources. Also, while the extent to which the environmental factors relate to use of information resources in the federal university libraries is very low and negative, the extent of relationship is low and positive in the state universities with a significant difference. The study recommended, among others that, the library management under study the environments to find out the detracting factors so as to remove, improve on them or work on their control so as to encourage the use of all the library resources.