Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UNIVERSITY OF VAASA FACULTY OF BUSINESS STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE

Socially responsible investing (SRI) is a growing field of investing that incorporates social criteria to the investment decision. The increasing trend towards sustainability has captured the attention of governments and investors alike, which has resulted in a rapid growth of socially responsible investment funds. A SRI-fund in essence is a normal investment fund with the exception that the individual stocks are screened for different social criteria. The issue with socially responsible investment funds is that adding several screens to the stock selection dramatically compromises the possible investment universe. Thus according to the Modern Portfolio Theory, this results in a less diverse investment universe and a lower risk adjusted return. The performance of SRI-funds has been studied throughout during the last fifteen years with the most common way of evaluating the performance through comparison between the SRI-funds and conventional funds. More recent studies have examined the issue of screening intensity, where the SRI-funds are compared to each other rather than conventional funds. In the empirical part of this study, the effect of positive and negative screening strategies to the performance of the funds in Europe during the years 2002 to 2014 is examined. The findings of this study were that negatively screened funds have on average overperformed the positively screened funds during this time period. Additionally, the empirical part provides support for the overperformance hypothesis as the relationship between screening intensity and fund performance is positive for negatively screened funds and curvilinear for positively screened funds.
Chief Student Affairs Officers: Transforming Pathways to the Presidency

This qualitative study examined a sample of former chief student affairs officers (n=12) who successfully attained a presidency at a four-year institution of higher education. Data was collected primarily through semi-structured interviews and supplemented by the curricula vitae of the participants. Through data analysis, three themes emerged: (1) institutional type and fit, (2) academic profile, and (3) fundraising. Findings from this study indicated the majority of participants were employed at small to medium-size institutions of higher education with preference given to small, private colleges and universities. Faculty skepticism was the most noted obstacle participants encountered. Accordingly, participants advised presidential aspirants to actively maintain an academic profile and credibility with the faculty. Last, fundraising experience was considered a necessary skill that presidential aspirants should have to become serious contenders for a presidential position. The college or university presidency is a position that requires one to be a visionary leader with exceptional communication abilities (Arman, 1986; Beardsley, 2015; Gardner, 2015; Ross & Green, 2000). The president must demonstrate success as a consensus builder in order to enhance the national impact of various programs at the institution she or he leads while making tough decisions regarding resource allocation (Beardsley, 2017; Gardner, 2015; Rottweiler, 2005). Additionally, the president must be able to inspire faculty and staff and articulate the uniqueness of the institution to various leaders locally, statewide, regionally, and nationally (Beardsley, 2017; Davies, 2005; Fleming, 2007). Considering the significant responsibilities assigned to presidents of institutions of higher education, it is necessary to understand who they are, from where they have come, and how they have prepared themselves for the pivotal role they represent within their institutions, communities, and society. Though gaining slow traction, little research has been conducted on presidents from nontraditional backgrounds, especially those with experience as chief student affairs officers (Atwell & Wilson, 2003; Birnbaum & Umbach, 2001; Covert, 2004; Delabbio, 2006; Gardner, 2015; Keim, 1994; Noyes, 1994; Risacher, 2004; Ross & Green, 2000). In 2017, the American Council on Education (ACE) provided data indicating that the number of college and university presidents coming to the office from chief administrative positions other than academic vice presidencies slowly, but steadily, increased. However, insufficient data has been gathered to capture exactly how these individuals rose to the presidency and what those aspiring to become presidents could learn from nontraditional careers. Thus, this study was conducted in an effort to contribute to the literature on pathways to the presidency of former chief student affairs officers (CSAOs). 1 Martin: Chief Student Affairs Officers: Transforming Pathways to the Pres Published by ScholarWorks@UARK, 2018
Securitised Real Estate in a Mixed-asset Portfolio : The Case of Malaysia

The issue of whether Malaysian securitised real estate is an effective indirect property investment vehicle has drawn increasing attention from investors, particularly the Malaysian institutional investors. Previous studies on Malaysian securitised real estate market had emphasised on performance analysis. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine the role of Malaysian property shares and REITs in a mixed-asset portfolio from 1991 to 2006. The results show property shares do not provide any diversification benefits nor portfolio return enhancement, whereas equally-weighted REITs portfolio does provide diversification benefits and return enhancements under the mean-variance and downside risk frameworks. Besides, the equally-weighted and value-weighted REITs portfolios do behave differently.
A low-discrepancy sampler that distributes monte carlo errors as a blue noise in screen space

We introduce a sampler that generates per-pixel samples achieving high visual quality thanks to two key properties related to the Monte Carlo errors that it produces. First, the sequence of each pixel is an Owen-scrambled Sobol sequence that has state-of-the-art convergence properties. The Monte Carlo errors have thus low magnitudes. Second, these errors are distributed as a blue noise in screen space. This makes them visually even more acceptable. Our sampler is lightweight and fast. We implement it with a small texture and two xor operations. Our supplemental material provides comparisons against previous work for different scenes and sample counts.
Breaking the flow: Intervention in computer game play through physical and Intervention in computer game play through physical and on-screen interaction

This article investigates issues of controlling the amount of time during computer game play and potential solutions to help prevent excessive gaming. The study incorporates the realization of three different variants. Two screen based solutions and one based on a physical agent, outside the computer screen, provide notification and additionally even "intervention" to the user. The three realizations have been put to the test and the results, both quantitative and qualitative are presented. The physical agent-based solution was most attractive.
Machine learning methods for sub-pixel land-cover classification in the spatially heterogeneous region of Flanders (Belgium): a multi-criteria comparison

Until now, few research has addressed the use of machine learning methods for classification at the sub-pixel level. To close this knowledge gap, in this article, six machine learning methods were compared for the specific task of sub-pixel land-cover extraction in the spatially heterogeneous region of Flanders (Belgium). In addition to the classification accuracy at the pixel and the municipality level, three evaluation criteria reflecting the methods’ ease-of-use were added to the comparison: the time needed for training, the number of meta-parameters, and the minimum training set size. Robustness to changing training data was also included as the sixth evaluation criterion. Based on their scores for these six criteria, the machine learning methods were ranked according to three multi-criteria ranking scenarios. These ranking scenarios correspond to different decision-making scenarios that differ in their weighting of the criteria. In general, no overall winner could be designated: no method performs best for all evaluation scenarios. However, when both time available for preprocessing and the magnitude of the training data set are unconstrained, Support Vector Machines (SVMs) clearly outperform the other methods.
Relationship between Turkish students ’ achievement goals and motivational strategies in physical education

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Turkish high school students’ achievement goals and motivated strategies. 1065 high school students (219 boys and 234 girls) completed a self-report survey. Results revealed that self-regulation is related to cognitive strategy use, self-efficacy, intrinsic value and test anxiety. All three achievement goals are related to each other. Performance approach goal is positively related to test anxiety and performance avoidance achievement goal is negatively related to intrinsic value. As a result performance approach and avoidance goals have caused negative outputs in high school physical education setting.
Working Paper Series Number 1 Identity and Self-Organization in Unstructured Work

Work and careers are b ecoming increasingly market-based, entrepreneurial, and precarious – in a word, unstructured. This presents challenges to organization theory, which is largely predicated on the structures of post-WW2 W estern corporate working life. In part icular, notions of identity in organization theory are founded on im agined and actual positions in organizational structures, such as firms, teams and supervisor relationships. The purpose of this paper is to m odernize organization theory in this regard, by putting forward a model of identity in uns tructured work. This is achieved by widening the theoretical foundations of identity to includ e contemporary sociological literature that theorises identity through narrative rather than structure, and by conducting an empirical study of ‘microwork’, an extrem e example of toda y’s unstructured working arrangem ents. Through interviews and observation, we examine the identity challenges that this highly unstructured form of low-status online work poses to workers, and th e coping strategies that workers develop. The resulting model consists of three identity processes: evading the question of identity, constructing a positive occupational identity by casting fluidity as freedom, and networking with other workers to form self-organized structures that provide identity. COST Action IS 1202 . The Dynamics of Virtual Work. Working Paper 1: Lehdonvirta & Mezier (2013)
The Economic Impact of Global Warming on Livestock Husbandry in Kenya: A Ricardian Analysis

This paper examines the economic impact of climate change on livestock production in Kenya. We estimate a Ricardian model of net livestock inco mes and further estimate the marginal impacts of climate change. We also simulate the imp act of different climate scenarios on livestock incomes. The Ricardian results show that livestock production in Kenya is highly sensitive to climate change and that there is a non -li ear relationship between climate change and livestock productivity. The estimated marginal impa cts suggest very modest gains from rising temperatures and losses from increased precipitatio n. This implies that farmers are likely to take adaptation measures to counter the impact of climat e change through switching from livestock to crops or by adapting species mix. The predictions f rom atmospheric ocean general circulation models suggest that in the long run, livestock farm ers in Kenya are likely to incur heavy losses from global farming. The highest and lowest losses are predicted from the HADCM and PCM models respectively, based on the A2 special report on emissions scenarios. Results point at the need for raising farmers’ awareness of long term cl i ate change and the appropriate adaptation options to counter the likely adverse impact.
COGNITIVE STRA TEGIES : GOOD STRATEGY USERS COORDINATE METACOGNITION AND KNOWLEDGE

For the past three decades, many cognitive researchers have busied them" selves studying cognitive strategies. The vast preponderance of this research was concerned with single processes (e. g., rehearsal, clustering, imagery) in limited learning domains (e. g., list learning, paired-associate acquisition, pro se recall). More recent investigations have zeroed in on other factors, such as metacognition and schematic knowledge. It was apparent by the mid-1970s that just being able to execute a variety of cognitive processes was not sufficient to be considered a good strategy user, and that strategie, metacognitive, and knowledge variables were related in complex ways (e. g., Brown, Bransford, Ferrara, & Campione, 1983; Pressley, Heisel, McCormick, & Nakamura, 1982; Pressley, Forrest-PressIey, Elliott-Faust, & Miller, 1985). The Good Strategy User (GSU) model presented here was motivated to capture these skills and knowledge as they are coordinated by capable thinkers. There are five components of good strategy use: (1) A sophisticated thinker has many strategies that can be tapped, some general, some specific, but all useful for obtaining goals. (2) The GSU knows how, when, and
UNIVERSITY OF VAASA FACULTY OF BUSINESS STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT Jesse-Samuli Östring STRATEGIC INNOVATION PROCUREMENT: MANAGERIAL PRACTICES IN BUYER-SUPPLIER R&D COLLABORATION CASE: ABB Oy

Increasing competition to satisfy the end-customer needs, fluctuating market conditions and constant technological innovation in the global market place, has made the attainment of competitive advantage more challenging than ever. From Supply Chain Management (SCM) point of view, industrial organizations are simply forced to reconsider their current procurement strategies and processes, optimize supply bases and identify the best practices to enhance supplier, relationship and customer performance. This study reviews the different types of Supplier Development (SD) practices and their relation to relationship specific dimensions: relational structure, relational capital or trust and relationship learning. The study applies qualitative multiple case study approach to analyze four buyer-supplier R&D collaborations. My research indicates that the case company would benefit from in-depth analysis of the embedded SD strategies and practices, which are related to relational structure, relationship capital and relational learning. This would yield collaborative advantages in R&D project management. In addition, more attention should be paid to practices, which facilitate relationship learning. My study is one of the first ones to examine different types of SD practices utilized in context of buyer-supplier R&D collaboration. Thus, extends the existing literature on Supplier Development.
1 POLITICALLY CONNECTED BOARDS AND TOP EXECUTIVE PAY IN CHINESE LISTED FIRMS

• This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: CHIZEMA, A. et al., 2015. Politically connected boards and top executive pay in Chinese listed firms. Strategic Management Journal, 36 (6), pp. 890-906, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi. org/10.1002/smj.2253. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Low Concentration of Ethylene Glycol Improve The Recovery Rate of Human Spermatozoa After Vitrification ( ETILEN GLIKOL KONSENTRASI RENDAH MENINGKATKAN RECOVERY RATE SPERMATOZOA MAN

The use of cryoprotectant s for the cryopreservation of human spermatozoa, oocytes, zygote, early cleavage stage of embryos and blastocyst is an integral part of almost every human In Vitro Fertilization program. Moreover, the cryopreservation of these types of cells by direct plunging into liquid nitrogen (196°C) usually requires a high concentration of cryoprotectant with a consequent of cytotoxic effect. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of ethylene glycol concentration on the spermatozoa recovery rate following the vitrification process. Earle’s balanced salt solution + 0.25 M sukrosa + 1 % human albumine serum as basic solution supplemented with some different concentrations of etylene glycol (ie: 36.25%; 18.25%; 9.12%; 4.56%; 1.14% and 0.57%) was used to evaluated the motility and viability of spermatozoa following vitrification. Human’s spermatozoa from ejaculates with progressive motility and viability above 50% were used as samples. Samples were mixed with vitrification solution and then loaded into 0.25 mL straws, equilibrated for 10 minutes at room temperature before plunged into liquid nitrogen. Spermatozoa thawing was done 24 hours after the vitrification. The result showed that the highest decreases of spermatozoa motility and viability (100%, 96.70%) was found in the samples that were added with vitrification medium contained 36.25% of ethylene glycol concentration. On the other hand, the lowest decrease of the spermatozoa motility and viability (14.11%, 43.81 %) found in the samples without ethylene glycol supplementation. It can be concluded that the highest spermatozoa recovery rate was obtained from the vitrification using a low concentration of ethylene glycol.
Outcomes of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection in Obstructive and Non-Obstructive Azoospermia

ackground: infertile couples due to male factor reasons present with azoospermia as a cause of their infertility can positively benefit from intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for fathering genetics offspring's. Aim of study: to compare the intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes in obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermic men. Materials and methods: A retrospective study compromised 42 couples seeking for treatment due to azoospermia as a cause of infertility. 19 men out of 42 had obstructive azoospermia (OA) and the remainder 23 man had non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). All those males underwent surgical sperm retrieval techniques either testicular sperm extraction (TESE) in all NOA cases and some OA cases or percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) in the rest of OA cases. Sperms retrieved surgically were used either fresh or after cryopreservation for ICSI and the main outcomes; fertilization, cleavage and pregnancy rates and embryo quality were compared statistically. Data were expressed as mean ±SD and number and percent, and groups were compared by compares of two independent means. Differences were considered significant at p <0.05. Results: the results revealed significant reduction (p <0.05) in the fertilization rate in couples with NOA (38.2%) compare to (59.5%) for OA group, as well as a significant drop in cleavage (80.6% vs 68.9%) and pregnancy (31.57% vs 13.04%) rates was also shown in NOA group. The mean number of embryos (5.88±3.46 vs 3.33±2.54, p <0.017) obtained by ICSI and percent of good quality embryos (55.2% vs 31.37%, p <0.014) were significantly higher in OA group. Conclusion: type of azoospermia has greater effect on the success of ICSI cycles. The immaturity of testicular sperm in NOA can affect fertilization, embryo development and pregnancy rate.
Construct Measurement in Management Information systems: A Review and Critique of User Satisfaction

AbstractConstruct measurement in management information systems (MIS) is still very much in its infancy and has not yet produced instruments of adequate reliability and validity, thereby raising questions about the robustness of substantive findings. User satisfaction (US) and user involvement (UI) are two central MIS constructs which have been conceptualized and operationalized in a number of different ways and from divergent theoretical perspectives. The most commonly used measures of US and UI are critically evaluated here against a set of traditional psychometric criteria. Based on this evaluation, a number of psychometric and substantive problems regarding the scales are identified which are categorized as scale, sample, reliability, methodological and reporting problems. A variety of methods and techniques designed to overcome the measurement problems analyzed in this research are discussed to increase the quality of construct measurement in MIS and recommendations for an ongoing program of coostruc.
Trace metal ( Cd , Cu , Pb , Zn ) and sulphur content in soils and selected plant species of Iceland . A pilot study

The aim of the project was to determine concentrations of sulphur and selected trace metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) in the topsoil, bedrock and two moss species (Racomitrium sp. and Drepanocladus sp.) at selected locations in Iceland. The soil profiles were shallow and the samples were collected from the topsoil layer 0–5 cm, representing AC horizon. The samples were collected from eight sampling sites across Iceland. Three sites were situated in the south-western part of the island near Reykjavík (Mt. Esja, Reykjabyggð, Krísuvík), two in Southern Iceland (Gullfoss Waterfall and Selfoss), two in the northern part of the island (Tjörnes Peninsula, Stórutjarnir) and one in the south-east (Vatnajökull Glacier). Soils at the sites represent three groups: andosols on freely drained sites: Mt. Esja, Tjörnes, Gullfoss, Stórutjarnir and Selfoss; organic soils in wetlands of Reykjabyggð; and soils of barren deserts: leptosols or regosols in Krísuvík and Vatnajökull. The basalt rock material of volcanic nature represented: neovolcanic zone (Reykjabyggð, Krísuvík and Gullfoss), rocks younger than 3.1 million years (Mt. Esja, Tjörnes, Vatnajökull, Selfoss) and rocks older than 3.1 million years (Stórutjarnir). Concentrations of trace metals varied widely according to the element as well as to the type of sample (soil, rock, plant species). Generally the highest concentrations of metals were found in the topsoil AC horizon and in Drepanocladus sp. A comparison of the results with data from two locations in northern and central Europe (Northern Sweden and Poland) reveals that concentrations of Cu and Zn in the topsoils in Iceland are higher than in Swedish Lapland region, and distinctly higher than in the lithogenic topsoils in the Carpathian Mts but presumably are of natural origin. On the contrary, Pb concentrations in Southern Poland are several times higher, and in Northern Sweden slightly higher than in Iceland. The low lead concentrations in surface soil and in the two moss species, when for example, compared with highly or even slightly polluted areas of Poland, indicate no evidence of anthropogenic input in Iceland.
FILTER THEORY OF PSEUDO HOOP-ALGEBRAS

In this paper, by considering the notion of pseudo hoop-algebras, which introduced by G. Georgescu et al. in [11] under the name of residuated integral monoids, and pseudo MV-algebras, pseudo Wajsberg-algebras and pseudo-BL algebras arise as particular cases of them, we introduce the notions of some types of filters ((positive) implicative filters, fantastic filters, associative filters) in pseudo hoop-algebras and to investigate their properties. Several characterizations of (positive) implicative, fantastic and associative filters are derived. Finally, the relations among these filters are investigated.
HETEROSIS STUDIES FOR EARLINESS , FRUIT YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN CHILLI ( CAPSICUM ANNUM L . )

Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important valuable commercial spice-cum-vegetable crops grown in India under various agro climatic conditions viz., tropical, subtropical and temperate climates (Hazra et al., 2011). India is the major producer, consumer and exporter of chilli, covering an area of 0.77 million hectares with a production of 0.659 million tonnes averaging a productivity of 0.86 tonnes per hectare (Anon., 2013). Even though India ranks first in chilli area and production, the yield potential is low due to poor yielding varieties and high incidence of pests and diseases. There is need to develop high yielding, disease resistant hybrids having high quality parameters.