Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Content-based video parsing and indexing based on audio-visual interaction

A content-based video parsing and indexing method is presented in this paper, which analyzes both information sources (auditory and visual) and accounts for their inter-relations and synergy to extract high-level semantic information. Both frame- and object-based access to the visual information is employed. The aim of the method is to extract semantically meaningful video scenes and assign semantic label(s) to them. Due to the temporal nature of video, time has to be accounted for. Thus, time-constrained video representations and indices are generated. The current approach searches for specific types of content information relevant to the presence or absence of speakers or persons. Audio-source parsing and indexing leads to the extraction of a speaker label mapping of the source over time. Video-source parsing and indexing results in the extraction of a talking-face shot mapping over time. Integration of the audio and visual mappings constrained by interaction rules leads to higher levels of video abstraction and even partial detection of its context.
Application of Space Syntax Theory in the Study of Medical-Surgical Nursing Units in Urban Hospitals

Additional research is needed to explore how the design of urban, medical-surgical nursing units influences communication patterns, perceptions of social support, and overall job satisfaction for nurses. Space syntax theory has typically been used to study communication in office environments; more recently, it has been applied to the study of healthcare environments. The purpose of this study was to explore the applicability of space syntax theory as a theoretical framework for studying nurses' communication in medical-surgical nursing units in urban hospitals. Background: The nursing profession is rapidly changing, and nurses' work is psychologically and physically intense. At the same time, nurses are responsible for patient safety, optimal care delivery, and patient outcomes (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2009; Clarke, 2007; Clarke & Donaldson, 2008; Institute of Medicine, 2000; Institute of Medicine, 2004). Nurses are central to the delivery of care and act as a conduit for communication among members of the patient care team. Some of the design characteristics that create a more appealing environment for patients, such as views of nature and single-patient rooms, may not be fully understood as they relate to nurses' tasks and responsibilities, and they could be detrimental to nursing communication. Methods: This study analyzed three medical-surgical nursing unit floor plans using two constructs of space syntax theory, and it verified analysis through three semi-structured interviews with end users. Results: The use of space syntax theory for analyzing medical-surgical nursing unit floor plans is complex. Findings indicated that nurses' perceptions of two constructs of space syntax theory, visibility and accessibility, did not consistently match the anticipated benefits of the floor plan designs. Conclusions: Understanding how and when nurses communicate with each other could help designers of healthcare spaces create more effective environments that support nurses' work and personal health and welfare. The findings of this study suggest that further exploration is needed to confirm this theory's application to healthcare environments.
Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase β2-subunit (AMOG) expression abrogates invasion of glioblastoma-derived brain tumor-initiating cells.

BACKGROUND Mechanisms of glioma invasion remain to be fully elucidated. Glioma cells within glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) range from well-differentiated tumor cells to less-differentiated brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs). The β2-subunit of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, called the adhesion molecule on glia (AMOG), is highly expressed in normal glia but is thought to be universally downregulated in GBM. To test our hypothesis that expression of AMOG is heterogeneous in GBM and confers a less invasive phenotype, we compared it between BTICs and differentiated cells from patient-matched GBM and then tested GBM invasion in vitro after AMOG overexpression. METHODS Immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and real-time PCR were used to characterize AMOG protein and mRNA expression in tumor samples, BTICs, and differentiated cells. Matrigel invasion assay, scratch assay, and direct cell counting were used for testing in vitro invasion, migration, and proliferation, respectively. RESULTS While AMOG expression is heterogeneous in astrocytomas of grades II-IV, it is lost in most GBM. BTICs express higher levels of AMOG mRNA and protein compared with patient-matched differentiated tumor cells. Overexpression of AMOG decreased GBM cell and BTIC invasion without affecting migration or proliferation. Knockdown of AMOG expression in normal human astrocytes increased invasion. CONCLUSIONS AMOG expression inhibits GBM invasion. Its downregulation increases invasion in glial cells and may also represent an important step in BTIC differentiation. These data provide compelling evidence implicating the role of AMOG in glioma invasion and provide impetus for further investigation.
Gender Role Concerns in Estonian and Australian Young Adults

THE AIM OF THE PRESENT STUDY was to compare gender role aspirations in a sample of young adults in Australia with a similar sample in Estonia. As a country from the former Soviet bloc, Estonia does not have a long history of exposure to commercialized Western-type media, which very commonly depict female beauty ideals as thin (e.g., Spitzer, Henderson, & Zivian, 1999). However, exposure to such material there is rapidly increasing. Further, a number of commentators (e.g., Lie, 1995) have suggested that the status of women in the Baltic countries has declined since their independence from the former Soviet Union, with a return to conservative family values and traditional gender role aspirations for Cross-Cultural Notes
Growth hormone secretion and control in the mouse.

Plasma concentration and pituitary content of growth hormone (GH) have been measured by radioimmunoassay in female and male mice under various experimental conditions known to elicit GH secretion in primates. Complete cross reactivity between mouse and rat GH was observed. Both plasma GH concentration and pituitary GH content were higher in male than female mice. None of the procedures employed (except 2-deoxyglucose administration in males but not in females) altered pituitary GH content. The stress of ether and/or bleeding on conscious mice resulted in a prompt fall in plasma GH. Thus the mouse, like the rat, responds to stress by an apparent inhibition of GH secretion in contrast to primates where stress stimulates GH secretion. Insulin—induced hypoglycemia resulted in a fall in plasma GH which was statistically significant in female mice but not in males. Neither arginine nor 2–deoxyglucose injections altered plasma GH levels. Plasma GH was unchanged in mice fasted 24 hr, or in fasted mice injected wi.
Intermittent Administration of Human Parathyroid Hormone(1–34) Prevents Immobilization‐Related Bone Loss by Regulating Bone Marrow Capacity for Bone Cells in ddY Mice

ddY mice, 6 weeks of age, were neurectomized (Nx) in the right hindlimbs and sham‐operated (Sham) in the left limbs for evaluation of the effects of intermittent injections of human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) on trabecular bone turnover and bone marrow cell development in unloaded and loaded limbs. Mice were given subcutaneous injections of hPTH(1–34) five times a week at a dose of 0 (vehicle), 4 (low dose), or 40 (high dose) μg/kg of body weight for 2, 4, or 6 weeks. Histomorphometric analyses of the trabecular bone of the proximal tibiae revealed that high‐dose hPTH injections preserved the trabecular bone volume of the Nx limbs, which was reduced after neurectomy, at the same level as that of the contralateral Sham limbs. The mineral apposition rate in the Nx limbs was elevated to values above even that of the Sham limbs by high‐dose hPTH injections. The bone formation rate reduced by neurectomy was maintained at the Sham level by low‐ and high‐dose hPTH injections. The neurectomy‐induced increase in osteoclast number was suppressed by high‐dose hPTH injections. In the bone marrow cells, the numbers of nonadherent and adherent cells per tibia obtained from the Nx and Sham limbs did not change. The hPTH injections decreased the numbers of nonadherent cells and increased those of adherent cells in both the Nx and the Sham limbs, but the effects were less marked in the Nx than in the Sham limbs even at high‐dose injections. The formation of osteogenic nodules in the marrow cultures obtained from the Nx limbs was decreased after surgery and was maintained at the level of the Sham limbs by high‐dose hPTH injections. The number of osteoclast‐like multinucleated cells was reduced in the Sham limbs by high‐dose hPTH injections. The value was increased at 2 weeks after neurectomy, but it was maintained at the Sham level by high‐dose hPTH injections through the experimental period. The numbers of colony forming units‐fibroblastic, which were reduced by neurectomy, and those of colony forming units for granulocytes and macrophages were not altered by hPTH injections. These results demonstrate that intermittent high‐dose hPTH administration in the Nx limbs as well as in the contralateral Sham limbs has similar anabolic effects, stimulating osteoblast cell lineage and suppressing osteoclast cell lineage. The anabolic effects at 4 μg were reduced, but the effects at 40 μg seemed to be less affected by unloading due to sciatic neurectomy.
Neural correlates of risk taking in violent criminal offenders characterized by emotional hypo- and hyper-reactivity

Recent approaches suggest that emotional reactivity can be used to differentiate between subgroups of individuals who are at risk for showing elevated levels of aggression and violence. In this study, we examined how emotion governs decision making within two subgroups of antisocial criminal offenders with either emotional hypo- or hyper-reactivity compared with healthy, noncriminal controls. Offenders were recruited from high-security forensic treatment facilities and penal institutions and underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during a financial decision-making task. In this task, participants were required to choose between low-risk (bonds) and high-risk alternatives (stocks). Bonds were always the safe choice; stocks could win or lose, with a varying degree of uncertainty. We found that emotionally hypo-reactive offenders differed most from healthy controls by showing diminished neural activation in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex in response to uncertainty as well as decreased activity in the prefrontal cortex when trying to regulate their behavior accordingly (i.e., when consistently choosing “safe alternatives”). Hence, the data indicate that emotionally hypo-reactive offenders (with psychopathic traits) constitute a special subgroup within antisocial offenders characterized in particular by a limited capacity to emotionally represent uncertainty and to anticipate punishment.
Quality Dimensions in E-Commerce Software Tools: An Empirical Analysis of North American and Japanese Markets

Are customers in different countries alike in their preferences for similar software products? In this article, we examine the relative importance of 5 dimensions of product quality across customers from North America and Japan. Based on data collected from over 400 customers of a representative sample of electronic- (e-) commerce software products, we tested the relative importance of these quality dimensions for differences across samples from North America and Japan. We use Bayesian analysis for analyzing the average influence of each attribute on the overall customer satisfaction as well as the variability of each attribute across the two samples. Our findings indicate that the importance of quality attributes is significantly different in North American and Japanese samples. We find that although usability dominates other attributes in North American data, Japanese customers place emphasis on functionality and capability of software products. Our results provide managerial implications for the designers of global software applications, especially in the domain of e-commerce.
Safety and cardiovascular effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for patients receiving hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Introduction Cardiovascular disease is an important factor in the mortality and morbidity of patients with end-stage renal disease receiving hemodialysis. Although mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists may have potential benefits on the cardiovascular system, their safety for patients on hemodialysis remains unclear, considering the differences between the results of already performed clinical trials. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov and PubMed databases were searched for relevant clinical trials. The Cochrane Collaboration assessment tool was employed to evaluate the quality of the randomized controlled trials. Revman 5.3 was used to perform the meta-analysis. Results Eleven studies (n=379) were included in the systematic review and five randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis (n=248). Mineralocorticoid antagonists (MRAs) did not increase predialysis potassium levels significantly (0.11, 95% confidence interval −0.03 to 0.25, p = 0.11). However, the studies included in this review reported inconsistently with respect to effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists on blood pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular hypertrophy, and quantitative analysis was not performed due to insufficient data. One trial showed that the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists were associated with decreased carotid intima-media thickness and other articles concluded that mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists had no effect on aortic stiffness. Conclusion It is safe to use low dose mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists on patients receiving hemodialysis, at the end of each session of hemodialysis, and close monitoring of serum potassium levels and possible side effects is necessary. The cardiovascular actions still need to be explored and large scale RCTs are in progress.
CYFRA 21-1 can predict the sensitivity to chemoradiotherapy of non-small-cell lung carcinoma

Background: The increasing panel of systemic therapies enables the individual management of lung cancer patients, even in advanced stages. However, predictive tools indicating the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) are badly needed. Aims: To determine the tumour markers for predicting the therapeutic effect in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients treated with CRT. Methods: The serum levels of cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), neurone-specific enolase (NSE) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were measured before CRT by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, while the tumour responses were assessed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) response criteria. The relationships between pretreatment expression of CYFRA21-1, NSE, CEA and the effectiveness of CRT were analysed. Results: The complete response (CR) rate of the primary tumours estimated by computed tomography in patients with high levels of CYFRA21-1 was 2.9% (2/68) while in cases with low CYFRA21-1 it was 20.3% (12/59) (p = 0.005). The effective rates (CR+PR) in CYFRA21-1 high and low groups were 52.9% (36/68) and 72.9% (43/59), respectively (p = 0.022). Conclusions: CYFRA21-1 may be a reliable surrogate marker of CRT efficacy in patients with NSCLC.
Long-Term Results of Tarsal Margin Rotation and Extended Posterior Lamellae Advancement for End Stage Trachoma

Purpose: To report the long-term results of tarsal margin rotation with extended posterior lamellae advancement in the management of cicatricial entropion, trichiasis, and accompanying misdirected metaplastic lashes of the upper eyelid due to trachoma. Methods: Tarsal margin rotation and extended advancement of posterior lamellae were performed in 27 eyelids of 15 consecutive patients for correction of cicatricial entropion, metaplastic lashes, and trichiasis. Results: In all eyes, functional success, which was defined as normal mucocutaneous junction position and repositioning the lashes away from the ocular surface, were achieved. No recurrence was detected over a mean follow-up of 40.04 ± 16.61 (range, 18–72) months. Pyogenic granuloma, which was treated with complete excision, developed at the cut end of the tarsal conjunctiva in 3 cases. Cosmetic results were satisfactory in terms of both patients and examiner. Conclusion: Tarsal margin rotation with extended posterior lamellae advancement appears to be effective with no recurrence in managing cicatricial entropion and accompanying multiple eyelash problems of the upper eyelid due to trachoma.
Hyaluronan Constitutively Regulates Activation of COX-2-mediated Cell Survival Activity in Intestinal Epithelial and Colon Carcinoma Cells*

Hyaluronan is a major component of the pericellular matrix surrounding tumor cells, including colon carcinomas. Elevated cycooxygenase-2 levels have been implicated in several malignant properties of colon cancer. We now show for the first time a strong link between hyaluronan-CD44 interaction and cyclooxygenase-2 in colon cancer cells. First, we have shown that increased expression of hyaluronan synthase-2 induces malignant cell properties, including increased proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HIEC6 cells. Second, constitutive hyaluronan-CD44 interaction stimulates a signaling pathway involving ErbB2, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT, β-catenin, and cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2 in HCA7 colon carcinoma cells. Third, the HA/CD44-activated ErbB2 → phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT → β-catenin pathway stimulates cell survival/cell proliferation through COX-2 induction in hyaluronan-overexpressing HIEC6 cells and in HCA7 cells. Fourth, perturbation of hyaluronan-CD44 interaction by hyaluronan oligomers or CD44-silencing RNA decreases cyclooxygenase-2 expression and enzyme activity, and inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 decreases hyaluronan production suggesting the possibility of an amplifying positive feedback loop between hyaluronan and cyclooxygenase-2. We conclude that hyaluronan is an important endogenous regulator of colon cancer cell survival properties and that cyclooxygenase-2 is a major mediator of these hyaluronan-induced effects. Defining hyaluronan-dependent cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2-associated signaling pathways will provide a platform for developing novel therapeutic approaches for colon cancer.
A method for speed-sensorless identification of two-mass-systems

The focus of the present paper lies on the identification of mechanical two-inertia-systems based on frequency response measurement without the need of angular transducers. The calculation of the frequency response is carried out by excitation of the system with Pseudo-Random-Binary-Signals followed by a signal processing procedure utilizing the Welch-Method. Former research has pointed out that this approach leads to reliable, good results with measured signals of the systems current and speed. As actual research tends to the control of variable speed drives without encoders, the paper gives an approach for an identification method using estimated speed values from an observer structure.
Modeling and Parameterization Study of Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean

Abstract : The primary focus of this research is to integrate dynamical processes of wave and turbulence in the upper ocean surface boundary layer (SBL) into a physics-based computational capability for the time-dependent radiative transfer (RT) in the ocean. The combined capability we develop will provide direct forward predictions of the radiance distributions in the upper ocean. We aim to use this capability for understanding the basic features and dependencies of oceanic radiance on the wave environment, to provide guidance and cross-calibration for field measurements, and to validate and benchmark existing and new theories. As an ultimate goal, the proposed direct simulation also provides a framework, in conjunction with sensed radiance data, for the optimal reconstruction of salient features of the ocean surface and the above-water scene.
The acceptance of blogs: using a customer experiential value perspective

Purpose – This study is based on the interactivity and perceived similarity between blog readers and the others, and incorporates the concepts from customer experiential value. This paper aims to examine emotional experiences that internet users gain while reading blogs, that is, assesses the attitude of blog readers through their subjective experiences within the communication process.Design/methodology/approach – An empirical survey is used to test the hypotheses. The sample is 349 users who browse blogs frequently. Data are analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM) to understand the cause and effect of the entire model and to determine the goodness of fit of the conceptual model.Findings – Empirical results demonstrate that: interpersonal interaction enhances browsers, aesthetic experiences as well as playfulness; machine interaction generates high aesthetics value which comprises visual and entertainment effects, service excellence, and CROI; perceived similarity by readers positively influen.
Human forearm muscle metabolism during exercise. IV. Glucose uptake at different work intensities.

Concentrations of glucose and lactate were determined in arterial and deep venous blood at rest and during forearm exercise in 16 healthy subjects. At rest there was a statistically significant uptake of glucose to forearm muscle. During exhaustive exercise (n = 13) the arterio-deep venous (a-dv) difference for glucose decreased and was negative at the end of the exercise period and inversely related to the simultaneous lactate deep venous-arterial differ ence. In contrast, positive glucose a-dv differences persisted during moder ately heavy, steady state type exercise (n = 6). Quantitative calculations indicate that there is a considerable increase in glucose uptake during the latter type of exercise in comparison to conditions at rest.
Comparative study of serum lipid concentrations in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE To compare serum lipids in mild, severe preeclamptic women and normal pregnant women. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taksin Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD The data was collected from 65 normal pregnant women, 40 mild preeclamptic women, and 48 severe preeclamptic women. The blood samples were collected and analyzed for cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The data was analyzed using Analysis of Variances (ANOVA). RESULTS There was no significant difference in serum cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, and LDL between normal, mild, and severe preeclamptic women. CONCLUSION There was no correlation between serum lipids in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia.