Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrating population genomics and biophysical models towards evolutionary-based fisheries management

Overfishing and rapid environmental shifts pose severe challenges to the resilience and viability of marine fish populations. To develop and implement measures that enhance species’ adaptive potential to cope with those pressures while, at the same time, ensuring sustainable exploitation rates is part of the central goal of fisheries management. Here, we argue that a combination of biophysical modelling and population genomic assessments offer ideal management tools to define stocks, their physical connectivity and ultimately, their short-term adaptive potential. To date, biophysical modelling has often been confined to fisheries ecology whereas evolutionary hypotheses remain rarely considered. When identified, connectivity patterns are seldom explored to understand the evolution and distribution of adaptive genetic variation, a proxy for species’ evolutionary potential. Here, we describe a framework that expands on the conventional seascape genetics approach by using biophysical modelling and population genomics. The goals are to identify connectivity patterns and selective pressures, as well as putative adaptive variants directly responding to the selective pressures and, ultimately, link both to define testable hypotheses over species response to shifting ecological conditions and overexploitation.
Quality of ‘Ubá’ mangos from harvest to receipt by the processing plant

Fruit quality is extremely important for the processing factory . This study aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of ‘Uba’ mangos at harvest, after ripening, upon receipt by the processing plant and during storage to identify points where physical damages and microbial contamination of fruits most likely occur after harvest. Microbiological analyses of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms and coliforms were performed at 35 o C and 45 o C. The physical and chemical characteristics evaluated included moisture (MOI), total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS) content, pH, reducing sugars (RS), total sugars (TS), average weight, transversal (TD) and longitudinal diameters (LD), external peel coloration and the pulp colour. The results of the microbiological analyses of mango revealed that the ripening shed is a point of contamination of fruits. The microbial load increases considerably at this point and continues developing during transportation. The physical and chemical analyses conducted on the mangos showed that the fruits are within the standards established by law and are suitable for the production of pulp and derivatives such as juices and nectars.
Discrete Fourier Analysis I

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Discrete Fourier Analysis I Gautami Bhowmik
An improved empirical model of electron and ion fluxes at geosynchronous orbit based on upstream solar wind conditions

A new empirical model of the electron fluxes and ion fluxes at geosynchronous orbit (GEO) is introduced, based on observations by Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) satellites. The model provides flux predictions in the energy range ~1 eV to ~40 keV, as a function of local time, energy, and the strength of the solar wind electric field (the negative product of the solar wind speed and the z component of the magnetic field). Given appropriate upstream solar wind measurements, the model provides a forecast of the fluxes at GEO with a ~1 h lead time. Model predictions are tested against in‐sample observations from LANL satellites and also against out‐of‐sample observations from the Compact Environmental Anomaly Sensor II detector on the AMC‐12 satellite. The model does not reproduce all structure seen in the observations. However, for the intervals studied here (quiet and storm times) the normalized root‐mean‐square deviation < ~0.3. It is intended that the model will improve forecasting of the spacecraft environment at GEO and also provide improved boundary/input conditions for physical models of the magnetosphere.
Postharvest quality of peaches harvested from integrated and conventional production systems

Over three years the postharvest quality of 'Marli' peaches harvested from the integrated (IFP) and conventional production (CFP) systems was evaluated. The peaches were harvested from commercial orchards of Prunus persica at two locations close to the city of Sao Jeronimo, RS, Brazil, and stored at 0.5°C for 10, 20 or 30 days. The peaches were evaluated at harvest, at retrieval from storage and after ripening periods at 20°C. No differences in fruit weight losses were determined. Decay incidence was low, and no differences were detected amongst systems in both 2001 and 2002 seasons, but in the 2000 season CFP peaches were more decayed. Flesh firmness of peaches from the IFP system were greater than CFP fruits in the years 2000 and 2001. In 2002, firmness changed little during storage and ripening. Peaches from the IFP in 2000 had higher titratable acidity and lower soluble solids. In the 2000 season, flesh browning was observed in decayed fruits, always at ripening after 20 or 30 days of cold storage Chilling injuries such as browning, woolliness and leatheriness ocurred in 2002. There were no differences amongst systems related to peach quality.
Governance Mechanisms and Performance of Publicly Traded Companies

Rooted in agency theory, this study analyzes the relationship between governance mechanisms and theperformance of listed firms in countries with different levels of economic development and shareholdingconcentration. The study uses graphic representations of the HJ-Biplot method to perform holistic analysis. Thismethod is effective for qualitative evaluation of relationships. Based on observations from 146 listed companies,this study compares two different contexts and governance backgrounds. Results show that governancemechanisms affect firm performance differently depending on whether firms are operating in a contextcharacterized by concentration or dispersion of voting rights. Sector and company size also influence corporategovernance mechanisms and firm performance. This holistic approach yields important contributions to theliterature because, despite the number of studies that exist, there is still insufficient understanding of howspecific governance mechanisms affect company valuation and performance. This study demonstrates theimportance and influences that sector of activity, company size, and context have in developing proper corporategovernance mechanisms.
COMBINED USE OF CONGESTION CONTROL AND FRAME DISCARDING FOR INTERNET VIDEO STREAMING

COMBINED USE OF CONGESTION CONTROL AND FRAME DISCARDING FOR INTERNET VIDEO STREAMING Ongun Yucesan M.S. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Nail Akar January 2003 Increasing demand for video applications over the Internet and the inherent uncooperative behavior of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) used currently as the transport protocol of choice for video networking applications, is known to be leading to congestion collapse of the Internet. The congestion collapse can be prevented by using mechanisms in networks that penalize uncooperative flows like UDP or employing end-to-end congestion control. Since today’s vision for the Internet architecture is based on moving the complexity towards the edges of the networks, employing end-to-end congestion control for video applications has recently been a hot area of research. One alternative is to use a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)-friendly end-to-end congestion control scheme. Such schemes, similar to TCP, probe the network for estimating the bandwidth available to the session they belong to. The average bandwidth available to a session using a TCP-friendly congestion control scheme has to be the same as that of a session using TCP. Some TCP-friendly congestion control schemes are highly responsive as TCP itself leading to undesired oscillations in the estimated bandwidth and thus fluctuating quality. Slowly responsive TCP-friendly congestion control schemes to prevent this type of behavior have recently been proposed in the literature. The main goal of this thesis is to develop an architecture for video streaming in IP networks using slowly responding TCP-friendly end-to-end congestion control. In particular, we use Binomial Congestion Control (BCC). In this architecture, the video streaming device intelligently discards some of the video packets of lesser priority before injecting them in the network in order to match the incoming video rate to the estimated bandwidth using BCC and to ensure a high throughput for those video packets with higher priority. We
The relationship between the adequacy of hemodialysis and laboratory parameters

BACKGROUND : The present study was conducted in order to evaluate the factors affecting the adequacy of dialysis and determine the relationship of dialysis adequacy with laboratory parameters. METHODS : This descriptive study was performed on 60 hemodialysis patients of Razi Medical Center of Qaemshahr, Iran, with the history of more than 3 months of dialysis. The participants were selected using census method. Data collection was conducted through a researcher-made questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to evaluate laboratory parameters. The adequacy of dialysis was calculated through the Kt/V parameter. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistical tests. RESULTS : According to the Kt/V criteria, the mean dialysis adequacy index was 1.6 ± 0.22 and 41.7% of the patients had the optimum dialysis adequacy (Kt/V of greater than 1.2), and 43.3% of patients had a dialysis adequacy which was close to the desirable level. There was a significant reverse relationship between dialysis adequacy and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), blood sugar, and body mass index (BMI). Nevertheless, there was no significant relationship between dialysis adequacy and parathyroid hormone ‎(PTH), cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), calcium, phosphorus, and the number of dialysis sessions per week, duration of each dialysis session, and the history of dialysis (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION : In order to increase the adequacy of dialysis, the blood sugar level of patients should be controlled and patients should be advised to modify their weight using a suitable diet.
The Effect of Retirement on Mental Health: The Role of Social Capital

The purpose of this paper is to empirically evaluate the causal effect of retirement on social capital, and by extension, mental health. Social capital is often divided into different parts. Two common measures are cognitive social capital, for example, ”how people feel” and, structural social capital, for example, what they “do“ in regards to social interaction. To study the effects of retirement on social capital we use data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), which contains a social network module. We use the jump in the probability of retiring that arises when a person reaches the statutory retirement age as an IV for retirement, in a fussy regression discontinuity (FRD) design. Our results, which are robust, suggest that retirement has a positive and significant effect on both structural and cognitive social capital. Retirement increases the probability of having activities and attending social clubs. Retirement also decreases the probability and the frequency of feeling left out. We do, however, not find any effect on loneliness.
DO ORGANIZATIONAL SOCIALIZATION TACTICS INFLUENCE NEWCOMER EMBEDDEDNESS AND TURNOVER

Despite research suggesting socialization tactics can affect turnover, meta-analytic reviews of turnover antecedents do not include newcomer orientation or socialization tactics (e.g. Griffeth, Hom, & Gaertner, 2000), and few socialization studies have examined relationships with turnover directly (Kammeyer-Mueller & Wanberg, 2003). This paper suggests that socialization tactics are one method for embedding newcomers in organizations, and that embeddedness is one mechanism by which socialization tactics influence turnover. Hypotheses are tested in a sample of newcomers in a large financial services organization. Results indicated that serial and investiture socialization tactics that provide experienced organizational members as models and that provide positive social support for newcomers were positively related to embeddedness, as were socialization tactics that provide realistic information. Serial and investiture socialization tactics and embeddedness were negatively related to subsequent turnover.
Leucaena leucocephala - the most widely used forage tree legume.

During the 1970s and early 1980s, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit (leucaena) was known as the 'miracle tree' because of its worldwide success as a long-lived and highly nutritious forage tree, and its great variety of other uses. As well as forage, leucaena can provide firewood, timber, human food, green manure, shade and erosion control. It is estimated to cover 2-5 million ha worldwide (Brewbaker and Sorensson 1990). However, a better understanding of its constraints, particularly the arrival of the psyllid insect, has now given us a more balanced view of the value of this species.
POTENCY OF LIGNOCELLULOSE DEGRADING BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM BUFFALO AND HORSE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND ELEPHANT DUNG FOR FEED FIBER DEGRADATION

Lignin is limiting factor for cellulose and hemicellulose degradation in rumen. Isolation andselection bacteria from buffalo and horse gastrointestinal tract and elephant dung could be foundbacteria that have superiority to degrade lignin, xylan, and cellulose. Those animals were chosenbecause they were herbivores that consume low quality crude fiber as their main energy sources.Lignocellulose degrading bacteria were isolated by Hungate selective media, by using lignin (tannicacid), xylan, and cellulose as selective substrates. The morphological identification used an enrichmentmedia by measuring color, colony size, diffusion zone, clear zone, and biochemical identification usingproduction of ligninase, xylanase, and cellulase enzymes. The best lignocellulose degrading bacteriathen was determined by the morphological and biochemical character. This study showed thatlignocellulose degrading bacteria could be found in gastrointestinal tract of buffalo and horse, andelephant dung. Highest number colony was found in samples from buffalo's colon (376), followed byhorse's cecum (203), elephant’s dung (46), buffalo’s cecum (23), buffalo's rumen (9) and horse’s colon(7). The highest isolates activity of lignolytic, xylanolytic, and cellulolytic were reached by buffalo’scecum (7.64), horse's cecum (6.27), and buffalo’s colon (2.48). Meanwhile the highest enzymesproductivities were: buffalo’s cecum (0.0400 µmol), horse’s cecum (1.3912 µmol) and buffalo’s colon(0.1971 µmol). Based on morphologycal character and biochemical test, it could be concluded thatlignolytic from buffalo’s cecum, xylanolytic from horse’s cecum, and cellulolytic from buffalo’s colonwere the superior isolates and they were 99% analyzed as Enterococcus casseliflavus/gallinarumspecies.
Metabolically active bacteria in Lake Kinneret

Three staining methods were used to identify metabolically active bacteria in Lake Kin- neret, northern Israel: CTC, DAPI staining followed by a propanol wash, and the Molecular Probes Live/Dead stain. Positive results from these methods purport to show, respectively, actively respiring bacteria (CTC+), cells with intact nucleoids (NuCC), and cells with intact membranes (MEM+). Con- comitantly, bacterial metabolic activity was measured as electron transport system (ETS) flux, O2 uptake, activities of peptidase, β-glucosidase and lipase, and rate of leucine incorporation in monthly samples taken for 2.5 yr at a pelagic lake station. Laboratory experiments followed changes during 22 or 40 h in the percentages of 'active' bacteria in GF/C-filtered lake water with or without substrate enrichment or antibiotic inhibitors of cell division, or with bacterivorous protists. In lake samples, each of the staining methods detected different aspects of cellular state or metabolic activity but all 3 indicated low percentages of 'active' bacteria relative to total bacterial abundance. CTC+ ranged from 1.0 to 27.3% (average 5.1%), NuCC from 1.4 to 42.9% (average 8.3%) and MEM+ from 1.0 to 29.9% (average 8.8%), with no clear seasonal or spatial patterns. No significant correlations were found between the proportions of 'active' bacteria in lake water as determined by these methods, although such correlations were observed in the laboratory experiments. Significant correlations were obtained between ETS and O2 uptake, peptidase and β-glucosidase, and between leucine incorporation and peptidase. ETS was significantly correlated with CTC+ and NuCC cell abundance, but not with total bacteria (DAPI counts). In contrast, peptidase activity correlated with total bacter- ial counts. Results of time course experiments indicated that some bacteria which initially appear to be inactive can become active when stimulated by substrate addition, even though cell division is inhibited. Grazing by protists increased the percentage of active bacteria, at least during the active predator-prey phase. Our data support the hypothesis that in natural waters usually only a small frac- tion (probably <20%) of the entire bacterial assemblage is strongly active metabolically at any given time. This proportion may increase dramatically with localized substrate inputs. The concept of bac- terial assemblages, heterogeneous not only in terms of phylotype, but also in terms of levels of meta- bolic activity will need to be considered in future aquatic ecosystem models.
Investigating The Lexical Support In Non-Native English Speakers Using The Phonemic Restoration Paradigm

Samuel and Frost (2015) investigated the differences between native and non-native English speakers’ lexical influence in speech perception. Using the selective adaptation method, the study showed that lexical support was weaker in less language proficient non-native speakers than native speakers; however, lexical support became stronger in more proficient non-native speakers. The present study investigated the lexical support in speech perception between native and non-native English speakers. Unlike the method used by Samuel and Frost (2015), the present study used the phonemic restoration paradigm. The benefit of using this method is to investigate the difference between native and non-native speakers in perceptually restoring missing phonemes. It was hypothesized that native speakers will show a higher phonemic restoration effect than non-native speakers, as well as greater sensitivity to the phoneme position in a word. In the current study, a group of native speakers and a group of non-native speakers participated in a phonemic restoration task. Both groups were presented with four-syllable stimuli words with one phoneme either replaced with white noise (replacement condition), or white noise added on that phoneme (added condition) in either the third syllable or the forth syllable, followed by an intact version of the same word. Participants rated the degradation of the manipulated word compared to its intact version. Results showed that both native and non-native speakers rated the added versions of the word more similar to the intact version than the replaced version. In addition, both native and non-native speakers rated the manipulated (i.e., added or replaced) versions of the word more similar to the intact version when the manipulated phoneme was in the fourth syllable than when the manipulated phoneme was in the third syllable. However, non-native speakers rated the replaced versions of manipulated words as similar to the intact versions as the native English speakers.
Differential effects of chronic iron deficiency anaemia on junctional and labyrinthine zones of placenta in Sprague dawely rat

Iron deficiency anaemia causes adverse pregnancy outcome. Studies reveal its generalized effects on histomorphometry of the placenta, without details on specific zones nor effect of gestational age. These data are important for planning intervention. This study was, therefore, designed to describe the histomorphometric changes associated with iron deficiency anaemia on placenta of albino rat. Fourty nine (49) Sprague – Dawely albino rats were randomly separated into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was rendered anaemic by removing 1.5 ml of blood per bleed on five alternate days. Placentas were collected on gestational days 17, 19 and 21. Five cubic milimetre segments were fixed in 10 % buffered formaldehyde solution; dehydrated in ethanol and embedded in paraffin wax. Five micron thick sections were cut, deparaffinized and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. Micrographs were taken using Leica ICC 50 digital photomicrographic camera attached to a computer at magnification x40 and the thickness of the labyrinth and junctional zones measured. Student t- test was used to compare values for the experimental and control groups. The labyrinth in the chronic anaemia group was thinner than in the control group at gestational days 17, 19 and 21. The junctional zone, on the other hand, was consistently thicker in anaemic than in the control animals. The difference in thickness of junctional zone varied with gestational age. At gestational day 17, the zone was significantly thicker in the anaemic group (628.9 μ) than in the control (381 μ). On day 19 and 21, however, the difference was not statistically significant. In conclusion, the effects of chronic iron deficiency anaemia on the labyrinth differ from those on the junctional zone of the placenta. This differential effect appears to depend on the function and gestational age. The decrease in thickness of the labyrinth may be designed to maintain placental diffusion capacity while increased thickness of the junctional zone constitutes a compensatory physical and nutritional adaptation to hypoxia. Key words : placenta, labyrinthine, junctional zones, thickness, anaemia.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF HONEY FROM DIFFERENT LOCATIONS IN THE TROPICAL RAIN FOREST BELT OF NIGERIA, ON SELECTED BACTERIAL ISOLATES

Honey has been used for various purposes including treatment of diseases. This study was carried out to determine antibacterial activities of honey samples obtained from different locations in the tropical Rainforest Belt of Nigeria (Abeokuta, Aiyetoro, Ajebo, and Saki) against reference bacterial isolates: Escherichia coli (E.coli) (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), using agar well diffusion technique. Staphylococcus aureus showed sensitivity to all honey samples used with the zone of inhibition ranging between 1.9 and 2.6mm. Escherichia coli was resistant to all concentrations of honey samples used. However, the present study did not explore the possible causative agent(s) involved in the antibacterial activity of the honey used. Â