Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rapid separation and characterization of grain water-soluble proteins in bread wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) by capillary electrophoresis

Water-soluble (WS) proteins in wheat grain are considered to represent the suite of biologically active enzymes and enzyme inhibitors in the grain. In this study, a rapid capillary electrophoresis (CE) method for WS protein separations was developed using untreated fused-silica columns and an acidic phosphate-glycine buffer system. In order to optimize the resolution and reproducibility of CE separation, different protein extraction methods, organic modifiers in phosphate-glycine buffer and capillary electrophoresis conditions, including capillary length and inner diameter (ID), operating temperature, performance voltages, sample injection times, etc., were investigated. High resolution and reproducibility of WS proteins were achieved using 20% ethanol as the extracting buffer. The optimal condition to separate these proteins was 50 μm ID × 31.5 cm (26.5 cm to the detector) capillary at 11.0 kV and 35°C. The optimum buffer was 0.1 M phosphate-glycine (pH 2.5) containing 20% acetonitrile (ACN) and 0.05% hy.
Calculation of activities in Ga-Cd and Cu-Pb binary systems

Calculations of activities in Ga-Cd and Cu-Pb binary systems were done based on their known phase diagrams, using different calculation methods. First, activities of cadmium at 700 K and copper at 1263 K in Ca - Cd and Cu - Pb systems, respectively, were calculated by melting point depression method and Zhang-Chou method for binary systems with phase diagrams involving two liquid or solid coexisting phases. In order to obtain activity values in the entire composition range, these methods were applied in the definite parts of composition range in both investigating systems. The same procedure was done, using modified Rao- Belton method by Chou, who used Richardson assumption. Activities of the second component in both investigating systems were calculated by use of Gibbs-Duhem equation. All calculated results were compared with literature data and mutual comparison between applied methods was done.
Are Any Growth Theories Robust?

The recent growth literature has seen an explosion of work exploring the role of new and fundamental theories of growth such as geography, institutions, ethnic fractionalization, and religion. Nevertheless, claims about the empirical validity of these new growth theories are typically made within very particular specifications of the growth model. In this paper, we investigate the robustness of these theories when the researcher appropriately accounts for model uncertainty. We first consider the robustness of these theories within the canonical growth regression framework. We then deviate from this framework to explore the impact of these new growth theories on the components of growth – TFP growth and physical and human accumulation rates – derived from a growth accounting exercise. We find very little evidence to support the contention that any of the new growth theories play an important and robust role in explaining growth and its components. We find instead that variation in growth may be robustly explained by differences in macroeconomic policies and unknown heterogeneity associated with regional groupings. We also find that, consistent with endogenous growth models, physical and human capital externalities are the main determinants of TFP growth.
Comparative anatomy of elaiophores and oil secretion in the genus Gomesa (Orchidaceae)

Oils are atypical floral rewards in Orchidaceae and are produced by epidermal glands called elaiophores. Flowers of many members of the subtribe Oncidiinae either produce oil or mimic oil-producing flowers of Malpighiaceae. We focus our research on 3 species of Gomesa, namely, G. flexuosa, G. riograndensis, and G. varicosa in order to investigate the presence of elaiophores, their micromorphology and internal structure, and the process of oil secretion. Elaiophores were located using Sudan III and their internal and external features examined using light and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The presence of elaiophores was confirmed for regions of calli that are prominent and exposed. In all 3 species the secretory tissue comprised a single layer of epidermal cells, together with some parenchymatous, subsecretory cells. Epidermal cells were isodiametric or palisade-like, with dense cytoplasm, small vacuoles, and prominent nuclei. Gomesa flexuosa differs from the other species investigated in that it bears intermediate elaiophores (i.e. epithelial and possessing unicellular, secretory trichomes). Based on the absence of a distended cuticle, we propose that oil may pass through the wall and cuticle as small lipid moieties. In addition, some evolutionary trends in the elaiophores in the genus Gomesa are suggested.
Assessment of Construct Validity of Mishra and Mishra's Trust Scale in the Context of Merger and Acquisition in India

The role of trust in merger and acquisition has increasingly been recognized by scholars and practitioners. However, empirical research in this area has been faced with different conceptualization of trust construct, inadequate dimensions and a lack of validated trust scale. This limitation is addressed in this paper by theoretically and empirically validating Mishra and Mishra’s (1994) trust scale in the context of merger and acquisition in India. This scale used four trust dimensions, namely; openness, competency, caring and reliability. The items of the scale proved to be content valid among 25 subject matter experts. Additionally, in a sample of 100 respondents of key acquired employees, the scale exhibited adequate levels of reliability, convergent validity, discriminate validity and nomological validity.
Pattern and predictors of cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) cell count recovery among cohorts of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy in Hawassa University Referral Hospital

Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) cell count recovery is used in determining disease progression and outcome monitoring. This study was conducted to determine the trends of CD4 cell count recovery, and its determinants in Hawassa university referral hospital, Ethiopia. Retrospective cohort study design was employed to gather relevant data among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive-patients visiting Hawassa University referral hospital. Data were collected from December 1, 2014 to May 15, 2015. A total of 2400 medical records of adult patients aged above 15 years were examined. Of these, 1479 were evaluated and analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was constructed to determine predictors of change in CD cell count. The median change in CD4 cell count from baseline to six months was 124 cells/μl. 19.3% of patients were at risk of immunologic non-response at 12 months of treatment. Patients with a baseline CD4 cell count of less than 100 cells/ml were 5 times more likely to exhibit immunologic non-response compared to those with a baseline CD4 cell count > 350 cells/μl. Baseline body mass index (BMI) and sex were associated with failure to attain ≥200 cells/μl at 12 months of treatment. Rapid recovery of CD4 cell count occurred during the first six months of treatment in this study. However, significant proportions of patients were at risk of immunologic non-response. Low baseline CD4 cell counts were predictive of non-response in this setting. The findings suggest that initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) at a CD4 cell count greater than 500 cells/μl is associated with better immune recovery. Key words: Antiretroviral therapy, CD4 cell count, HIV/AIDS, Ethiopia.
The faint radio source population at 15.7 GHz – II. Multi-wavelength properties

A complete, flux density limited sample of 96 faint ($> 0.5$ mJy) radio sources is selected from the 10C survey at 15.7 GHz in the Lockman Hole. We have matched this sample to a range of multi-wavelength catalogues, including SERVS, SWIRE, UKIDSS and optical data; multi-wavelength counterparts are found for 80 of the 96 sources and spectroscopic redshifts are available for 24 sources. Photometric reshifts are estimated for the sources with multi-wavelength data available; the median redshift of the sample is 0.91 with an interquartile range of 0.84. Radio-to-optical ratios show that at least 94 per cent of the sample are radio loud, indicating that the 10C sample is dominated by radio galaxies. This is in contrast to samples selected at lower frequencies, where radio-quiet AGN and starforming galaxies are present in significant numbers at these flux density levels. All six radio-quiet sources have rising radio spectra, suggesting that they are dominated by AGN emission. These results confirm the conclusions of Paper I that the faint, flat-spectrum sources which are found to dominate the 10C sample below $\sim 1$ mJy are the cores of radio galaxies. The properties of the 10C sample are compared to the SKADS Simulated Skies; a population of low-redshift starforming galaxies predicted by the simulation is not found in the observed sample.
Parks and Carrying Capacity: Commons Without Tragedy

How much can we use the environment without spoiling what we find so valuable about it? Determining the carrying capacity of parks and related areas is a perennial question whose urgency grows each year as the number of visits continues to increase. Parks and Carrying Capacity represents a comprehensive assessment of the issue, as it: - offers a historical and conceptual treatment of carrying capacity - describes and illustrates research approaches for assessing carrying capacity, including qualitative and quantitative surveys, normative theory and methods, visual research approaches, trade-off analysis, and simulation modeling - examines management alternatives for limiting the environmental and social impacts of visitor use - considers the broader question of environmental management and how the issue of carrying capacity can be applied more generally - discusses how the theory and methods associated with managing the carrying capacity of parks and protected areas might be extended to other areas of environmental management The book includes a series of case studies that describe research programsdesigned to support analysis and management of carrying capacity at eight diverse units of the U.S. National Park System, and an additional case study that explores how the foundational components of carrying capacity (formulating indicators and standards, monitoring, and adaptive management) are being applied in an increasing number of environmental and natural resources fields to address the growing urgency of sustainability. Parks and Carrying Capacity is an important new work for faculty, graduate and undergraduate students, and researchers inoutdoor recreation, park planning and management, and natural resource conservation and management, as well as for professional planners and managers involved with park and outdoor recreation related agencies and nongovernmental organizations.
Fathering a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Abstract Raising a child with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a stressful experience and has been associated with poor maternal mental health and increased maternal emotional distress. However, the experiences of fathers of children with ASD are largely unexplored and the coping strategies these men employ to cope with the challenges they face have received little research attention. This research aimed to explore the phenomenological experiences of fathers of preschool children with ASD by gaining a better understanding of the manner in which these individuals attempted to cope with their situation. A multiple, single-case study design was employed and five participants were recruited via two local paediatric practices. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants and data were analysed making use of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). This analysis yielded three superordinate themes, which were labelled as follows: (a) the experience of fathering a child with ASD, (b) challenges of fathering a child with ASD, and (c) coping with fathering a child with ASD. The results suggest that the fathers of children with ASD experience their parental role as stressful. The participants in the current study related the stress they experienced to a number of challenges associated directly with their children’s behaviour, as well as to the effects that parenting a child with ASD had on their own wellbeing and functioning. The participants reported making use of a number of coping strategies in order to deal with the challenges they faced. The participants used both problem-focussed and avoidant coping strategies. The results are discussed and recommendations made with regard to future research.
Career challenges in construction craft training in technical vocational education and training in Ghana

The study examined the challenges of the Pilot Training Centre (PTC) at the National Vocational Training Institute (NVTI) at Kokomlemle, a suburb of Accra in the training of tradesmen for the construction industry. A descriptive survey design was used for the study. The population consists of tutors, current students and past students of the PTC/NVTI and contractors within the Accra Metropolis. The sample comprised ten tutors, fifteen past students, one hundred and ten currents and ten contractors were randomly selected from the PTC and contractors. A set of questionnaire was prepared and used for collecting data for the study. The data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics from the Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS 16 version). For many years, technical and vocational education in Africa has been considered as a career path for the less academically endowed. This perception has been fuelled by the low academic requirements for admission into TVET programmes and the limited prospects for further education and professional development. Worse of all, the impression is sometimes created by governments that the primary objective of the vocational education track is to keep dropouts from the basic and senior high school system off the streets, rather than project this type of training as an effective strategy to train skilled workers for the employment market. However, 84.3% of the respondents refuted the assertion and only 15.7% supported the assertion. Based on these findings on the career challenges TVET trainees face, it was recommended that training institutions should be well resourced by the collective efforts of government and all other stakeholders so that training programmes can achieve their set objectives. Training providers should liaise with those in the industry so that in-service training activities could be organized which would enrich students with the right skills for the job market. There should be a clear cut for technical students climbing the academic ladder without bottlenecks. Key words: Technical Vocational Education and Training, career challenges, construction craft course, employability, negative perception.
PUPUK HIJAU SALAH SATU PUPUK ORGANIK BERBASIS EKOLOGI DAN BERKELANJUTAN

Salah satu bentuk pupuk organik yang bisa digunakan dalam pertanian organik adalah pupuk hijau. Pupuk hijau merupakan pupuk yang berasal dari pelapukan tanaman, baik sisa panen, tanaman yang sengaja ditanam, maupun gulma atau sumber pupuk hijau yaitu tanaman liar. Penggunaan pupuk hijau yaitu dengan cara pembenaman langsung tanaman sumber pupuk hijau, digunakan sebagai mulsa, dan dikomposkan. Pupuk hijau organik berfungsi sebagai sumber nutrisi, menjaga kelembaban tanah yang diaplikasikan sebagai mulsa, dan dapat mencegah erosi. Karakteristik pupuk hijau sama seperti pupuk organik lain yaitu memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah dengan memperbaiki struktur tanah, meningkatkan kapasitas tukar kation, memicu aktivitas biologi tanah atau mikroba tanah, sehingga dapat meningkatkan produtivitas lahan pertanian.
The impact of management control systems on performance of Malaysian local authorities

An increasing number of profit and non-profit organizations implementing management control systems (MCSs) have proven the importance of the systems in improving organizational performance. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence concerning how the MCSs affect the performance of local authorities.Even though there are some previous studies concerning the performance of local authorities, most only focus on performance measurement methods, such as the use of balanced scorecard and performance indicators.The application of MCSs and their effect on performance are rarely discussed in local authorities, especially in the Malaysian environment.Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the impact of MCSs on performance of Malaysian local authorities by using the structural equation modeling (SEM) tool. Statistical results showed that the internal formal control were significantly associated with all three performance dimensions – financial, service quality, and procedural, as expected. However, the internal informal control only had a direct relationship with the service quality performance, and did not have a significant relationship with the financial performance and procedural performance.This study contributes to the literature concerning the structural linkage among internal controls and performance constructs within Malaysian local authorities by developing and testing the hypothesized relationships using SEM analysis.
Statistical characterization of acceleration levels of random vibrations during transport

Random vibration tests are an efficient way to simulate the mechanical vibratory effects caused by transportation. The usual method is only concerned with the frequency distribution pattern of the signal using the average power spectral density. This work offers an additional method based on detailed analysis of instantaneous acceleration levels of a real road transport, which enables modelling of the statistical distribution of these levels. Continuous recording of acceleration signal all along the journey permits confirmation that this statistical distribution is not a Gaussian distribution but a modified Gaussian distribution, for which parameters are estimated and discussed. Therefore, it is possible to evaluate the transport severity by working out the appearance probability of acceleration levels greater than a fixed threshold and also the statistical moments, i.e. second order moment which gives the root mean square value together with fourth order moment (kurtosis) which evaluates the difference between the experimental distribution and the Gaussian distribution. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Production of Oxidants by Ion Bombardment of Icy Moons in the Outer Solar System

Our groups in Brazil, France and Italy have been active, among others in the world, in performing experiments on physical-chemical effects induced by fast ions colliding with solids (frozen gases, carbonaceous and organic materials, silicates, etc.) of astrophysical interest. The used ions span a very large range of energies, from a few keV to hundreds MeV. Here we present a summary of the results obtained so far on the formation of oxidants (hydrogen peroxide and ozone) after ion irradiation of frozen water, carbon dioxide and their mixtures. Irradiation of pure water ice produces hydrogen peroxide whatever is the used ion and at different temperatures. Irradiation of carbon dioxide and water frozen mixtures result in the production of molecules among which hydrogen peroxide and ozone. The experimental results are discussed in the light of the relevance they have to support the presence of an energy source for biosphere on Europa and other icy moons in the outer Solar System.
Reducing the pitch length: Effects on junior cricket

The pitch lengths used for junior cricket are a subject of debate but to date there have been no studies of their influence on the game. This study evaluated the effect of reducing the pitch length on batting, bowling and fielding. County under 10 and club under 11 matches were analysed, 10 played on pitch lengths currently recommended by the England and Wales Cricket Board, 19 yd (17.37 m) or 20 yd (18.28 m), respectively, and 10 played on 16 yd (14.63 m) pitches. Differences between measures of batting, bowling and fielding were calculated to assess the effects of the shorter pitch length. In club and county matches on 16 yd, running between the wickets increased by 22 and 39%, respectively, while boundary fours and sixes decreased by 54 and 68%. Deliveries played to the Mid-wicket area decreased by 44% in club and 33% in county matches, both accompanied by a more even distribution of fielding opportunities. Club matches saw a 15% increase in playable deliveries, largely due to fewer deliveries bouncing twice. Attempted shots, full toss No balls and Wide balls changed negligibly. Playing on a shorter pitch had positive impacts for bowlers, batters and fielders, consequently resulting in matches which were more engaging. Coaches and governing bodies should consider shorter pitches as a means of enhancing junior cricket.
Cross-Border Acquisition or Greenfield Entry: Does it Matter for Affiliate R&D?

This paper investigates how the entry mode of foreign direct investment (FDI) affects the affiliate R&D activities using unique data on Swedish multinational firms over a long period of time (1970 to 1998). On average, acquired affiliates are more likely to do R&D and have a higher level of R&D intensity than affiliates created by greenfield entry. This difference in observed R&D is explained by differences in parent, affiliate, industry and country characteristics as well as by different reactions to these characteristics, as predicted by the recent theoretical literature on international mergers and acquisitions (M&As). The results also suggest that M&As are, to a larger extent, motivated by asset-seeking motives than greenfield entry, especially in the 1990s.
Jackknifing the Ridge Regression Estimator: A Revisit

Singh et al. (1986) proposed an almost unbiased ridge estimator using Jackknife method that required transformation of the regression parameters. This article shows that the same method can be used to derive the Jackknifed ridge estimator of the original (untransformed) parameter without transformation. This method also leads in deriving easily the second-order Jackknifed ridge that may reduce the bias further. We further investigate the performance of these estimators along with a recent method by Batah et al. (2008) called modified Jackknifed ridge theoretically as well as numerically.
Does Photofrin II Combined with a Radio-Adaptive Dose Lead to a Synergistic or Additive Effect after Ionising Irradiation In Vitro?

Background: The radiosensitizing effect of Photofrin II has been demonstrated in vitro and in animal models, even in tumor models known to be highly radioresistant, such as glioblastoma and bladder carcinoma. Radio-adaptive doses are also known to lead to an augmented cell or tissue reaction. The aim of this study was to investigate potential synergistic or additive effects when combining the two methods in vitro for an improved therapeutic concept in bladder cancer. Material and Methods: RT4 human bladder carcinoma cell line and HCV29 human bladder epithelium cells were seeded and incubated with various concentrations of Photofrin II. The cells were additionally irradiated with ionizing radiation (0.05 Gy/2 Gy/0.05 Gy + 2 Gy). Cells without Photofrin II incubation and irradiation served as controls. The cell survival was evaluated. Results: The survival rate of both cell lines, RT4 and HCV29, did not differ significantly when incubated with a non-toxic concentration of Photofrin II and exposed to a pre-irradiation dose of 0.05 Gy prior to the 2 Gy radiation fraction, compared to cells exposed to Photofrin II plus a 2 Gy ionizing radiation. Conclusion: The combination of both methods did neither demonstrate a synergistic or additive effect nor did it lead to a negative influence of both modulating factors in an in vitro setting.