Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The generation of academic discourse by ESL learners through computer-based peer tutoring; a case study

Does peer tutoring using computer-based hypermedia resources help ESL students generate academic discourse in L2? This relates issues of SL learning and the computer in education. I observed 10 upper elementary ESL students research the topic “Earth and the Solar System”, build a HyperCard stack (“Our World”) to record their results, and peer tutor the stack to younger classmates. Some peer tutored the stack again to ex-ESL Grade 5 students. I recorded both peer tutoring sessions (PT(1) and PT(2)) and analyzed discourse transcripts by quantitative variables, pedagogical objectives, cognitive functions and tutoring style; linked our discourse analysis to Krashen’s (1985) Input Hypothesis, Cunimins (1991) concepts of conversational and academic language proficiency, and Halliday’s (1985) model of language socialization distinguishing interpersonal, ideational and textual components; and followed Staab (1986), in dividing the ideational component into “Informing” and “Reasoning”. In PT( 1) students spent more time talking (56%) in computer-based peer tutoring than in any other activity (10-16%). Informing was high (65%) but Reasoning was low (22%). Tutors used predominantly the traditional I-R-E knowledge-transmission teaching model, speaking 21⁄2 times as much as tutees. In PT(2) tutors were given as aids 1) a Tutorial stack with knowledge-structure-based computer graphics to represent each topic and 2) training in moving from I-R-E to more equal dialogue exchanges with tutees. I compared a selected pair in PT(2) with a selected pair in PT(1). In PT(2). tutors produced 27% and tutees 19% more language; Reasoning increased from 22% to 39% overall and to 46% in the Tutor Explanation
PERENCANAAN STRATEGIK PENDIDIKAN

Abstrak : Para pakar manajemen tidak memiliki kesepakatan universal mengenai jumlah tahap-tahap atau langkah-langkah perencanaan strategik pendidikan. Melainkan kesepakatan “universal” yang ada ialah bahwa perencanaan strategis terdiri dari berbagai tahap. Maka dalam hal ini penulis menganggap bahwa ini hanya sebuah perbedaan pandangan dari para ahli. Proses perencanaan pun seharusnya bersifat luwes yang berorientasi pada masalah strategis dan tidak menjadi suatu pendekatan yang standar dan kaku yang kadang menjadi birokratis dan menghambur waktu yang mahal harganya. Hal ini berarti bahwa lembaga pendidikan harus membedakan antara situasi pengendalian strategis yang mapan dan rawan. Begitu pula dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan maka diperlukan strategis yang efektif, dan mempunyai suatu tim dan sumber daya manajemen, yang memberikan kemampuan dalam mengatasi berbagai yang dibutuhkan demi mencapai tujuan sekolah yang ingin dicapai. Berarti pentingnya suatu rencana dilihat ketika ia memberikan proses serta indikasi yang jelas, cara bagaimana sekolah sebagai sebuah organisasi yang cenderung untuk berubah. Perencanaan strategis juga harus membolehkan orang lain di sekolah melihat peran apa yang dapat mereka lakukan agar dapat mencapai hal-hal yang diinginkan.
Patrón de juego en balonmano según el jugador que ocupa la posición de central [Game Pattern in Handball According to the Player who Occupies the Centre Back Position]

espanolEl comportamiento de un equipo de balonmano es resultado de las interacciones que realizan sus jugadores para superar al rival, teniendo en cuenta que todos los comportamientos influyen, y a la vez que esta influenciados por todos los elementos que se dan en el entorno en ese momento. La finalidad de este trabajo es estudiar la influencia que tiene un jugador en el juego colectivo, por lo que se plantea como objetivo conocer el influjo del jugador que ocupa la posicion de central en el juego de la Seleccion Espanola de masculina de balonmano. Aplicando la metodologia observacional, se diseno un instrumento de observacion ad hoc y se utilizo el software DARTFISH 5.5. para registrar todos los ataques posicionales, en igualdad numerica de 7 jugadores, pertenecientes a 8 partidos disputados durante el Campeonato del Mundo Catar 2015. Los analisis de coordenadas polares muestran diferencias significativas en todos los criterios estudiados, tanto en los relacionados con el desarrollo, como en los relacionados con la finalizacion de los ataques posicionales. Los resultados demuestran que el patron de juego de la seleccion espanola es diferente segun el jugador que ocupe la posicion de central, confirmando que los cambios en un elemento del sistema afectan al comportamiento final del mismo. Los hallazgos encontrados constituyen una importante informacion que los entrenadores deben tener en cuenta en sus entrenamientos y competiciones, pudiendo ser extrapolables a otros equipos y deportes colectivo EnglishThe behavior of a handball team is the outcome of the interactions of its players to beat their rival, bearing in mind that all the behaviors both influence and are influenced by all the elements that arise around them at this time. The purpose of this research is to study the influence of one player on the group game, so one objective is to ascertain the influence of the player occupying the position of center in the game of the Spanish national men’s handball team. By applying the observational methodology, an ad-hoc observation instrument was designed and DARTFISH 5.5 software was used to record all the positional attacks, in numerical equality with 7 players, within 8 games played during the 2015 Qatar World Championship. The polar coordinate analyses show significant differences in all the criteria studied, including those related to both the development and the end of the positional attacks. The results show that the playing pattern of the Spanish national team is different depending on the player occupying the position of center, thus confirming that the changes in one element of a system affect the ultimate behavior of that system. Opposite findings are important information that coaches should bear in mind in their training sessions and competitions, and they can be extrapolated to other teams and sports groups.
From pre-course expectations to subsequent learning experiences : a study of Confucian-heritage international students’ perspectives on an intensive English course in one New Zealand polytechnic

This research explores the pre-course expectations of a cohort of Confucianheritage international students from China, Korea, Vietnam and Japan who were attending a 10-week Certificate of Intensive English (CIE) course in one New Zealand polytechnic (pseudonym Kia ora Polytechnic). The study also investigates factors influencing pre-course expectations, and whether the students’ subsequent experiences in New Zealand match their pre-course expectations. The research uses a qualitative-interpretivist methodology. The study involves face-to-face interviews with the participants and uses semi-structured questions to elicit in-depth narratives. Interview data are analysed, similar responses are categorised and reported as themes of the findings. Research findings reveal that parents paid the tuition fees and living costs of most of the participants. Most participants had not travelled out of their home countries and they expected New Zealand to be like information from tourist brochures: a country that is clean, green, safe and friendly, and they expected to be happy living and studying here They also expected quality education, good teachers, good English learning outcomes, and making friends with Kiwi people. All the participants reported that their English proficiency had progressed to a level that far exceeded their pre-course expectations. Most participants had positive experiences but were unable to make friends with Kiwi people. Coming to New Zealand entailed a lot of planning. Parents and education agents influenced participants’ pre-course expectations and they indirectly shaped participants’ subsequent experiences. Unexpectedly, most participants rejected the role of Confucianism even though the participants themselves displayed many Confucian traits. This finding implies that to assume ‘all things Confucius’ was probably inappropriate and more research needs to be done with students from East Asian heritage.
Bio-efficacy of Herbal Extracts in Controlling House Dust Mites

Abstract House dust mites are the most important source of allergens in domestic environment. The present investigation was undertaken with objective to test the bio-efficacy of different herbal seed extracts in controlling house dust mites among rural household of Udaipur district. Most of the rural households in the study were scheduled tribe and illiterate. Labour work was their main occupation. The findings of the study concluded that respondents were facing varied allergic diseases due to house dust mites. Some of these problems were asthma, coughing, watery eyes, sneezing, eczema, skin rashes etc. Ironically, it was quite depressing to note that rural people were totally unaware about the cause of these problems. Illiteracy, unawareness and lack of exposure were the factors responsible for this. Herbal seed extracts can be used to control house dust mites like neem, karanja and castor. These seed extracts are locally available, eco-friendly and cost effective too.
Resistência à remoção de braquetes ortodônticos sob ação de diferentes cargas contínuas

AIM: The purpose of this study was to test differences on bond strength between auto-cured (Concise) and light-cured (Transbond XT) cements after static loading and shear test. METHODS: Eighty bovine teeth and metallic orthodontic brackets (Morelli Ortodontia Braquete Edgewise/Rickets) were tested after static loads of 30, 70 and 120grs. Bovine enamel was conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid gel for one minute, rinsed and dried. Adhesives were applied and brackets were bonded according to manufacturers instructions. Cement thickness was standardized with the use of a heavier Gilmore needle. After 24 hours, half of the specimens were submitted to the static loads of 30, 70 and 120grs. Control group remained unloaded. Then, specimens were immersed in distilled water for 28 days at 37oC. Afterwards, orthodontic brackets were attached to a loop wire and submitted to a shear force (Maquina de Ensaios Kratos Universal Kratos) under a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min and load cell of 500Kgf. A two-way ANOVA test (a = 0.05) was used to detect significant interactions between cements and static loads. CONCLUSIONS: (1) The Concise cement showed more statistically significant bond strength values than the Transbond XT cement for all static loads; (2) No statistically significant differences were observed regarding static loads for all cements tested and (3) Higher static loads provided less enamel fracture in the Concise group after shear test, whereas in the Transbond XT the rate of enamel fracture remained unchanged regardless of previous load applied.
Increased contribution of α1‐ vs. β‐adrenoceptor‐mediated inotropic response in rats with congestive heart failure

AIM In failing myocardium the mechanical response to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation is attenuated. Alternative signalling systems might provide inotropic support when the beta-adrenoceptor system is dysfunctioning. Accordingly, the inotropic responses to alpha 1- and beta-adrenoceptor stimulation by the endogenous adrenoceptor agonist noradrenaline in non-failing and failing rat hearts were compared. METHODS Chronic heart failure was induced in male Wistar rats by coronary artery ligation. Corresponding sham groups were prepared. After 6 weeks, papillary muscles from non-failing and failing hearts were isolated. Receptor binding studies were performed in the corresponding myocardium. The alpha 1-adrenoceptor-mediated inotropic response was not changed while the beta-adrenoceptor-mediated response was substantially reduced in failing compared with non-failing myocardium. RESULTS No change in potency for the agonists was observed at the alpha 1-adrenoceptors, while an increased potency for the agonists at the beta-adrenoceptors was found during heart failure. The lusitropic response to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation was intact during heart failure. No over all change in affinity or number of either adrenoceptor type was observed in receptor binding studies. The alpha 1-adrenoceptor-mediated inotropic response became dominating compared with the beta-adrenoceptor-mediated one in failing rat myocardium in contrast to the dominating role of the latter in non-failing myocardium. The attenuation of the beta-adrenoceptor-mediated inotropic response in rat failing myocardium was not because of a reduced number of receptors. CONCLUSION Increasing contractility through stimulation of alpha 1-adrenoceptors in situ by the endogenous agonist may be an alternative way of inotropic support during heart failure and even more so during beta-adrenoceptor blockade.
Papillary Thyroid Cancer Arising From a Thyroglossal Duct Cyst

Interesting case presentation of papillary thyroid cancer is arising from a thyroglossal duct cyst. Retrospective case is review. We present a case of 36-year-old male who presented with nearly a two month history of a midline mass. Preoperative imaging revealed a midline mass approximately 2 cm in diameter, bilateral neck adenopathy, and a normal thyroid. The FNA of the midline mass was positive for papillary thyroid carcinoma. The patient underwent a total thyroidectomy, bilateral neck dissection, and a Sistrunk procedure. The patient was treated with post operative radio iodine. We report salient details of our case and also review relevant literature of this source of thyroid cancer. Thyroglossal duct cysts may be the origin of metastatic papillary thyroid cancer. doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.4021/ jmc1033w
Manejo de enfermería en el accidente cerebro vascular inicial

The cerebrovascular accident is the leading neurological problem worldwide and it represents the third cause of death and handicap in the Republic of Argentina. Nurses can play an important role in its prevention, treatment and the rehabilitation process and can help not only the patients, but also their families. In this work we deal with the care of these patients within the first hours, providing a clinical protocol with some guidelines for the management of these patients.
Outcome of pulmonary sarcoidosis: a population-based study 1976-2013

Background: A hallmark of sarcoidosis is lung disease. However, the prognosis and long-term outcome of pulmonary sarcoidosis are not well-defined due to the limited number of studies with long duration of follow-up. Objectives: This study was undertaken to characterize the course of pulmonary sarcoidosis in a population-based cohort. Methods: A population-based cohort of 311 incident cases of pulmonary sarcoidosis among Olmsted County, Minnesota residents in 1976-2013 were identified. Medical records of the confirmed cases were reviewed from diagnosis to last follow-up. Data on stage of pulmonary sarcoidosis at diagnosis, serial pulmonary function tests, requirement of oxygen therapy and treatment were abstracted. The cumulative incidence of chronic respiratory impairment (defined as forced vital capacity of <50%, diffuse capacity for carbon monoxide of <40% or requirement to use oxygen supplementation) adjusted for the competing risk of death was estimated. Cox models were used to assess the association of stage of pulmonary sarcoidosis and treatment on the development of chronic respiratory impairment. Results: 25 patients developed chronic respiratory impairment which corresponded to a 10-year event rate of 4.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9.-6.9). Stage of pulmonary sarcoidosis at diagnosis was a strong predictor for chronic respiratory impairment with hazard ratio compared with stage I of 5.29 (95% CI, 1.65-16.96) for stage II and 8.36 (95% CI, 26.3-26.52) for stage III and IV. Use of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents was associated with a significantly increased risk of chronic respiratory impairment. Conclusion: Patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis have a good pulmonary prognosis with a low incidence of chronic respiratory impairment. (Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2018; 35: 123-128)
Bone mineral accrual during childhood and adolescence : a critical analysis of size-correction techniques

The true pattern of bone mineral density changes during childhood and adolescence is unclear owing to a lack of longitudinal investigations, a lack of adequate control for maturational differences, and size-mediated errors in the measurement of areal bone mineral density (aBMD). This investigation incorporated mixed-longitudinal (distance data) and longitudinal (velocity data) designs to describe pediatric changes in bone density at the total body (TB), femoral neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS). Maturational differences were controlled by aligning participants on their age at peak height velocity (PHV). Changes in areal BMD (aBMD) were compared with densities obtained from two methods of size correction: bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) based on geometric assumptions, and statistically-corrected BMD (sBMD), which utilizes linear regression. Correlations between bone projected area (PA) and density were strongest with aBMD, intermediate with BMAD, and generally insignificant with sBMD, supporting sBMD's size independence. With the distance data aBMD increased over the entire growth period at all sites. Contrastingly, TB BMAD declined initially and then stabilized after PHV, and FN and LS BMAD were generally stable until PHV, increasing afterward. Similarly, TB and LS sBMD decreased until PHV, increasing afterward, and FN sBMD was stable until PHV, increasing thereafter. aBMD velocity was positive at all sites and all ages. In contrast, TB and FN BMAD had a negative velocity until after PHV, and LS BMAD velocity was generally stable until near PHV, with a positive velocity afterwards. sBMD velocity was negative at the TB and LS until PHV and there was a stabilization (males) or decrease in velocity (females) in FN sBMD until PHV. Velocity curves for PA and bone mineral content displayed a consistent dissociation at all sites with bones increasing in area first and later consolidating when rapid growth ceased or slowed. The point of minimal density suggested from the corrected data coincided with PHV and is supported by epidemiological data that reports the highest rates of fracture in adolescents during this time. These results highlight the size-dependence of aBMD and cautions against its use in the pediatric population. Physiologically, sBMD appeared the more appropriate size-correction technique.
A study of burns in pediatric age group

Introduction: In the majority of pediatric burns mortality and morbidity results from simple domestic accidents that are preventable. Aim: A prospective study of pediatric burns was carried out at our burns unit to outline the epidemiology and management of the pediatric burns problem. Materials and Methods: Epidemiological data collected included age, sex, seasonal variation, place of burn, family size, economic status, period of time between the accident and admission to hospital. The cause and mode of burns, management of burns, relationship between mortality and age, cause and extent of burn was also noted. Results: A total of 72 pediatric patients of burns were admitted to our unit over a 3 years period. The highest incidence of burns was seen in the period of winter months between October and March. Males were affected more commonly as compared with females. The majority of the burns occurred at home. Most of the patients belonged to the low socio-economic strata and were members of medium or large size families. The most common type of injury was scald burns in children under 6 years of age and flame burns in the older children (6-12 years). The overall mortality was 13.88%. Conclusions: Burns injuries could be prevented by improving the home environment and socio-economic living conditions. Prevention can be achieved by education of adults as well as children about preventable aspects of burns.
Representasi Nilai Budaya Minangkabau dalam Film "Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck" (Analisis Semiotika Film)

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa simbol-simbol budaya Minangkabau dalam film “Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck” ditampilkan melalui adegan kehidupan sehari-hari yang dijalani tokoh Hayati, Zaenuddin, dan Azis. Simbolsimbol budaya Minangkabau diwujudkan melalui penggunaan, bahasa, pakaian dan adat. Makna simbol budaya Minangkabau yang digambarkan dalam film “Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck” adalah budaya Minangkabau sangat kental dengan nilai-nilai kebudayaannya, menjadikan budaya dan materi sebagai pedoman dan tolak ukur dalam menilai segala sesuatu, sebagai perwujudan sebuah budaya, dan Minangkabau menganut sistem matrilineal dan materialistis.
Signals, Sound, and Sensation

Preface. - 1. Pure Tones. - 2. Complex Representation. - 3. Power, Intensity, and Decibels. - 4. Intensity and Loudness. - 5. Fourier Series. - 6. Perception of Periodic Complex Tones. - 7. Delta Functions. - 8. Fourier Integral. - 9. Filters. - 10. Auditory Filters. - 11. Musical Measures of Frequency. - 12. Pitch of Sine Tones. - 13. Applications of the Fourier Transform. - 14. Correlation Functions and Spectra. - 15. Delay-and-Add Filtering. - 16. Probability Density Functions. - 17. Beats and Amplitude Modulation. - 18. The Envelope. - 19. Frequency Modulation. - 20. Modulation Detection and Perception. - 21. Sampled Signals. - 22. Nonlinear Distortion. - 23. Noise. - 24. Signal Detection Theory. - Appendices A - K. - References. - Index.
On the Hazard Ratios and Corresponding Confidence Intervals That Appear in Basran et al. (2006)

To the Editor: We would like to draw your attention to the hazard ratios and corresponding confidence intervals that appear in Basran et al.’s article (1). We would like clarification from the authors on the estimates and confidence intervals for the hazard ratios, and the units of the predictors that appear in Tables 2 and 3 of the paper. Standard confidence intervals for hazard ratios are such that the hazard ratio estimate equals the geometric mean of the upper and lower limits of the confidence interval (easily computed as the square root of the product of the upper and lower limits of the confidence interval). However, the estimates of most hazard ratios presented in Tables 2 and 3 are inexplicably much less than the geometric mean of the upper and lower limits of the confidence interval. From the data presented in the article we cannot infer whether it is the confidence intervals or the estimates that are incorrect, or whether both are incorrect. Also, to interpret correctly the hazard ratio estimates for the covariates provided in Tables 2 and 3, it is important to specify the units in which those covariates were measured and how the covariates were used in the analysis. This was not done for the vast majority of the covariates. Important information about whether and how each covariate was discretized, dichotomized, or used as a continuous covariate (with the units specified) in the analysis should be provided.