Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Health Beliefs of Nursing Faculty Students about Breast Cancer and Self Breast Examination.

BACKGROUND Breast cancer usually shows a slow development rate and when it is recognized in early stages very successful treatment results can be achieved. This research was planned to research the health beliefs of nursing faculty students about breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE). MATERIALS AND METHODS The first class students of nursing faculty formed the basis for this descriptive research (N=347). Sample selection was not made and all female students who wanted to participate voluntarily in the research during March-May of 2014 were included (n=331). RESULTS It was determined that 85.5% of students had knowledge about cancer, 79.5 % knew of breast cancer, and 65.3% were aware of how BSE is performed. According to the responses of students to the scale of the health belief model that is used to determine the health beliefs of students, item-point averages of trust and obstacle sub-dimensions were high. CONCLUSIONS It is determined that more than half of students had knowledge about breast cancer and breast self-examination. Their health beliefs were affected by trust and obstacle perceptions, knowledge level about cancer, and awareness about how BSE is done. These factors should be considered in planning trainings that will be given to students. Social responsibility projects should have designed to create the awareness that cancer is a treatable disease.
Der Homo Oeconomicus unter Druck : eine experimentelle Untersuchung des Einflusses von ökonomischem Druck auf das Verhandlungsverhalten im Ultimatum Spiel

Die Wirtschafts- und Verhaltenswissenschaften kennen verschiedene Handlungsmodelle, die den Menschen aus den unterschiedlichsten Perspektiven betrachten: Neben dem ‚Homo Oeconomicus‘ (HO) der Okonomie gibt es den ‚Homo Sociologicus‘ (der Mensch als das Resultat seiner sozialen Rollen nach Dahrendorf 1965, Kliemt 1987), den ‚Homo Emotionalis‘ (der Mensch als fuhlendes Wesen), den ‚Homo Politicus‘ (der politisch tatige Mensch), den ‚Homo Oecologicus‘ (der Mensch als okologisch handelndes Wesen), den ‚Homo Culturalis‘ (der kulturell handelnde Mensch), den ‚Homo Biologicus‘ (der Mensch als von evolutionaren Anpassungen an seine Umwelt gepragtes Wesen; nach Charles Elworthy), den ‚Homo Reciprocans‘ (berucksichtigt das Verhalten anderer Akteure), den ‚Homo Laborans‘ (der Mensch als arbeitendes Wesen), den ‚Homo Ludens‘ (der Mensch als spielendes Wesen), den ‚Homo Cooperativus‘ (der Mensch als Akteur innerhalb einer Gruppe von Menschen) oder spater eingefuhrte Kreuzungen dieser Spezies wie den ‚Homo Socio-Oeconomicus‘. Ganz am Anfang des Stammbaumes dieser verschiedenen Handlungsmodelle steht der Homo Oeconomicus der neoklassischen Okonomie. Seine Unzulanglichkeiten sorgten vielfach fur Diskussionsstoff und motivierten Forscher aus diversen verhaltenswissenschaftlichen Disziplinen dazu, eigene Konkurrenzmodelle zu entwerfen. Doch wer ist dieser Homo Oeconomicus?
THE METAPHYSICS OF RESPONSIBLE BELIEVING

Contemporary philosophy of mind has tended to make the believer disappear. In response, Matt Boyle and Pamela Hieronymi have argued that believing is an act or activity, not a mental state. I argue that this response fails to fully critique contemporary accounts of believing. Such accounts assume that (i) states of believing are particulars; (ii) with semantic properties; (iii) that we attend to in reflection and act on in inference; and (iv) with a rich causal life of their own. Together, these assumptions leave no room for the believer in an account of believing. But these assumptions are not entailed by the idea that believing is a mental state. Careful reflection on other kinds of states helps us see how to put the believer back in the heart of our account of believing.
Minimally-supervised methods for Arabic Named Entity Recognition

Named Entity Recognition (NER) has attracted much attention over the past twenty years, as a main task of Information Extraction. The current dominant techniques for addressing NER are supervised methods that can achieve high performance, but require new manually annotated data for every new domain and/or genre change. Our work focuses on approaches that make it possible to tackle new domains with minimal human intervention to identify Named Entities (NEs) in Arabic text. Specifically, we investigate two minimally-supervised methods: semi-supervised learning and distant learning. Our semi-supervised algorithm for identifying NEs does not require annotated training data or gazetteers. It only requires, for each NE type, a seed list of a few instances to initiate the learning process. Novel aspects of our algorithm include (i) a new way to produce and generalise the extraction patterns (ii) a new filtering criterion to remove noisy patterns (iii) a comparison of two ranking measures for determining the most reliable candidate NEs. Next, we present our methodology to exploit Wikipedia structure to automatically develop an Arabic NE annotated corpus. A novel mechanism is introduced, based on the high coverage of Wikipedia, in order to address two challenges particular to tagging NEs in Arabic text: rich morphology and the absence of capitalisation. Neither technique has yet achieved performance levels comparable to those of supervised methods. Semi-supervised algorithms tend to have high precision but comparatively low recall, whereas distant learning tends to achieve higher recall but lower precision. Therefore, we present a novel approach to Arabic NER using a combination of semi-supervised and distant learning techniques. We used a variety of classifier combination schemes, including the Bayesian Classifier Combination (BCC) procedure, recently proposed for sentiment analysis. According to our results, the BCC model leads to an increase in performance of 8 percentage points over the best minimally-supervised classifier.
Yin Yang 1 Phosphorylation Contributes to the Differential Effects of μ-Opioid Receptor Agonists on MicroRNA-190 Expression*

μ-Opioid receptor regulates microRNA-190 (miR-190) in an agonist-dependent manner; fentanyl, but not morphine, decreases the miR-190 level in rat primary hippocampal neuron cultures and in mouse hippocampi. In this study, the correlation between the cellular content of miR-190 and the mRNA level of its host gene, talin2, suggested that fentanyl decreases the miR-190 level by inhibiting the transcription of talin2. Fentanyl-induced β-arrestin2-mediated ERK phosphorylation led to the phosphorylation of Yin Yang 1 (YY1). In addition, YY1 phosphorylation impaired the association of YY1 with the −208 to −200 region on the Talin2 promoter, and this association was essential for YY1 to stimulate the transcription of talin2. Thus, fentanyl decreased the transcription of talin2 and subsequently the cellular level of miR-190 by inducing YY1 phosphorylation. In contrast, because morphine induces ERK phosphorylation via the protein kinase C pathway, morphine did not induce YY1 phosphorylation and had no effect on the transcription of talin2 and the cellular content of miR-190. This study therefore delineates a signaling pathway that mediates the effects of fentanyl on miR-190 expression.
A randomized trial of doxorubicin versus doxorubicin plus cisplatin in patients with advanced thyroid carcinoma

A randomized evaluation of the effectiveness and toxicity of the combination of doxorubicin and cisplatin and of doxorubicin alone in patients with advanced thyroid carcinoma was carried out. Ninety‐two patients were entered and 84 were evaluable. They were stratified according to histological classification, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, and metastatic sites. Forty‐one patients received doxorubicin as a single agent and seven had partial response (17%). Forty‐three patients received the combination, and there were five complete and six partial responses (combined response rate of 26%). This difference for overall response rate is not significant (P > 0.1). However, five complete responses were seen in the combination‐treatment group, whereas none were observed in the single‐agent treatment group; a significant difference was obtained (P = 0.03). Four of these five complete responders survived for more than 2 years, and two patients remained in a complete response after the discontinuation of therapy and are still alive. None of the partial responses exceeded 2 years in duration. The life‐threatening toxicities from chemotherapy occurred in five patients treated with the combination of drugs and two treated with doxorubicin alone. However, none of the toxicities were fatal. The study has shown clearly that the quality of response achieved by the combination of drugs is far superior to that achieved by single‐agent chemotherapy.
TAFSIR AYAT KAUNIYAH

Al-Qur`an adalah kitab suci umat Islam yang Allah turunkan kepada Rasul-Nya Muhammad SAW sebagai mu`jizat terbesar, serta sebagai salah satu pedoman bagi umat manusia dalam menjalani kehidupan baik di dunia maupun di akhirat. Kandungan Al-Qur`an tidak hanya berbicara tentang masalah akidah, fiqih dan semisalnya yang berhubungan dengan persiapan seorang hamba menuju alam akhirat saja. Al-Qur`an juga berbicara tentang sejumlah tanda-tanda kebesaran Allah SWT dalam penciptaan alam ini, petunjuk bagi manusia dalam kehidupan mereka di dunia, berupa perputaran bulan, bumi dan matahari pada porosnya yang menjadi petunjuk bagi mereka dalam banyak aktifitas mereka. Terdapat banyak ayat-ayat yang berbicara tentang kaun (alam) dalam Al-Qur`an yang seandainya dikaji secara serius oleh umat Islam di zaman modern ini, akan menambah keimanan terhadap kebenaran Al-Qur`an yang diturunkan dari sisi Allah SWT.
High power DC/DC converter using extreme close-coupled inductors aimed for electric vehicles

The DC-DC converter using coupled inductors is known as one of the topologies that achieve higher power density. This paper focused on this topology especially using extreme close-coupled inductors (ECCI). Following the elucidation of design guidelines for the coupled inductor theoretically, the superiority of the interleaved converter using ECCI in terms of reducing the size and losses in the magnetic components is demonstrated clearly through comparison with an interleaved converter using a set of looser-coupled inductors and a conventional single inductor converter. The effect of increasing a magnetic coupling factor of a set of coupled inductors from 0.980 to 0.999 is investigated by comparing it with other inductors of interleaved converters. The high power prototype converter with the coupling factor of 0.999 provides excellent performance with a time rating power density of 25.6 kW/liter.
Effect of Shoulder and Deep Chamfer Finish Lines on Marginal Fitness of Electroformed P.F.M. Restorations

Objective: Comparison of the effect of shoulder with deep chamfer finish lines in P.F. M restorations using electroforming. Method: This experimental study was performed on 20 samples that were randomly selected. Two cutting designs shoulder and deep chamfer were created on dies via a standard turning machine. The diameter rim was 8mm and the height was 6 mm and the depth of cutting edge in cervical area, was 1mm. Impressions were made from dies and 10 acetone dies were prepared for each group. Silver was used on the dies to the finish line and a copper wire was connected to the die by making a foramen 1 mm away from finish line. The collection of die and wire were attached to the head of electroforming machine and gold cooping was created with electroforming. The gap between the die and the crown was measured by electron microscope; data was recorded and evaluated by the t-test. Results: According to statistical data, the average gap in shoulder lathe was 24.42 microns and in deep chamfer was 20.66 microns. Conclusions: The deep chamfer design in electroforming method had a better marginal fitness in comparison to the shoulder design.
Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides FR52 synthesizes two distinct bacteriocins

A.M. REVOL‐JUNELLES, R. MATHIS, F. KRIER, Y. FLEURY, A. DELFOUR AND G. LEFEBVRE. 1996. Mesenterocin 52, a bacteriocin produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides FR52, was purified from producing cells by the adsorption‐desorption method, combined with reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. The elution profile revealed the presence o two inhibitory peaks of activity, each displaying different inhibitory spectra. Mesenterocin 52A possessed a broad inhibitory spectrum, including anti‐Listeria activity, while Mesenterocin 52B was only active against Leuconostoc spp. The amino acid sequence and Mr of Mesenterocin 52A appeared identical to the previously described Mesentericing Y105. In contrast, Mesenerocin 52B possessed a Mr of 3446 Da, corresponding to 32 amino acids and a sequence that shared no homology with known bacteriocins:
ABCR Gene and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Stargardt disease is a recessively inherited degeneration of the macula of the retina arising in youth (usually in teenagers and young adults) that is caused by defects in the ABCR gene ([1][1]). Rando Allikmets et al . investigate ([2][2]) the idea that heterozygote carriers of ABCR mutations might
Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for hospitalized medical patients, current status and strategies to improve

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising life-threatening pulmonary embolism (PE) and its precursor deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), is commonly encountered problem. Although most patients survive DVT, they often develop serious and costly long-term complications. Both unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparins significantly reduce the incidence of VTE and its associated complications. Despite the evidence demonstrating significant benefit of VTE prophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients, several registries have shown significant underutilization. This underutilization indicates the need for educational and audit programs in order to increase the number of medical patients receiving appropriate prophylaxis. Many health advocacy groups and policy makers are paying more attention to VTE prophylaxis; the National Quality Forum and the Joint Commission recently endorsed strict VTE risk assessment evaluation for each patient upon admission and regularly thereafter. In the article, all major studies addressing this issue in medical patients have been reviewed from the PubMed. The current status of VTE prophylaxis in hospitalized medical patients is addressed and some improvement strategies are discussed.
HIV-1 Tat Suppresses gp120-Specific T Cell Response in IL-10-Dependent Manner1

A large number of multicomponent vaccine candidates are currently in clinical evaluation, many of which also include the HIV-1 Tat protein, an important regulatory protein of the virus. However, whether Tat, a known immune effector molecule with a well-conserved sequence among different HIV subtypes, affects the immune response to a coimmunogen is not well understood. In this study, using a bicistronic vector expressing both gp120 and Tat, we have analyzed the role of Tat in elicitation of the gp120-specific immune response. The T cell responses to gp120 were greatly diminished in mice coimmunized with Tat as compared with mice immunized with gp120 alone. This immunosuppressive activity of Tat was not confined to viral Ag only because it also suppressed the immune response of unrelated Ag. Analysis of the cytokine profile suggests that Tat induces IL-10 and since IL-10 has been demonstrated to have appreciable T cell inhibitory activity, it is plausible that IL-10 could be responsible for Tat-mediated immunosuppression. Finally, the immunosuppressive effect of Tat was not observed in IL-10-deficient mice, confirming the role of IL-10 in Tat-mediated immunosuppression. Thus, our results demonstrate for the first time that the immunosuppressive effect of Tat is mediated through IL-10 and suggests that Tat-induced IL-10-mediated immune suppression seems to cripple immune surveillance during HIV-1 infection.
Factors related to presenteeism among employees of the private sector

The objective was to explore the relationship between person-based variables and work-related variables of presenteeism in four different private sector workplaces. Employees (N=413) filled in a questionnaire related to demographic and socio-economic characteristics, social networks, work-related factors, lifestyle factors and state of health. Presenteeism was assessed using the Stanford Presenteeism Scale 6 (SPS-6). The majority of respondents were male (77.2%), and mean age was 34.7±8.1 years. The prevalence of chronic conditions was 15.9%. The mean score for the SPS-6 was 19.9 (SD, 3.3). The female score was higher than the male score on the SPS-6 in this study. Total score was higher among workers who reported working at high speed. SPS-6 score was higher among individuals with a chronic health problem. Understanding of the workplace and personal factors related to presenteeism may support the health and well-being of workers.
Occurrence of monoclonal components in general practice: Clinical implications

Abstract: We report on the occurrence of monoclonal components observed in a provincial hospital in northern Italy from 1987 to 1990. The monoclonal components were detected by visual inspection of high‐resolution acetate serum electrophoreses and typed by immunofixation. The percentage of monoclonal components increases steeply with age, and reaches a plateau of 7–8% in individuals over 55 years old. Besides the high percentage of monoclonal component, the other relevant finding of this study is that ˜80% of monoclonal components are of low concentration (<5 g/l). Most of these subjects with small monoclonal component passed undetected in the previous studies on the prognostic significance of monoclonal gammapathy. These findings indicate the need for a revision of the current concepts on the biological and clinical significance of MC discovered by chance.
Iron Deficiency Alters Iron Regulatory Protein and Iron Transport Protein Expression in the Perinatal Rat Brain

Iron plays an important role in numerous vital enzyme systems in the perinatal brain. The membrane proteins that mediate iron transport [transferrin receptor (TfR) and divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT-1)] and the iron regulatory proteins (IRP-1 and IRP-2) that stabilize their mRNAs undergo regional developmental changes in the iron-sufficient rat brain between postnatal day (P) 5 and 15. Perinatal iron deficiency (ID) affects developing brain regions nonhomogeneously, suggesting potential differences in regional iron transporter and regulatory protein expression. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of perinatal ID on regional expression of IRP-1, IRP-2, TfR, and DMT-1 in the developing rat brain. Gestationally iron-deficient Sprague Dawley rat pups were compared with iron-sufficient control pups at P10. Serial 12-μ coronal sections of fixed frozen brain from pups on P10 were assessed by light microscopy for IRP-1, IRP-2, DMT-1, and TfR localization. ID did not change the percentage of cells with positive staining for the four proteins in the choroid epithelium, ependyma, vascular endothelium, or neurons of the striatum. ID increased the percentage of neurons expressing the four proteins in the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex. Increased numbers of TfR- and DMT-1–positive cells were always associated with increased IRP-positive cells. The P10 rat responds to perinatal ID by selectively increasing the number of neurons expressing IRP-regulated transporters in brain regions that are rapidly developing, without any change at transport surfaces or in regions that are quiescent. Brain iron distribution during ID seems to be locally rather than globally regulated.
Leukocyte migration inhibition by cancer patients' sera

Sera from 38 of 89 melanoma patients, 4 of 15 patients with other cancers and 3 of 43 control donors inhibited the migration of autologous leukocytes. Sera from patients with clinically detectable metastatic disease and from the recipients of BCG were most frequently inhibitory. Autologous sera from 31 of 71 melanoma patients and 3 of 31 control donors increased the leukocyte migration inhibition induced by formalinized melanoma cells. This activity occurred in sera from patients at all stages of malignancy, whether bearing detectable tumour or not and whether receiving BCG or not. Abrogation of tumour‐cell‐induced leukocyte migration inhibition by serum was less frequent, occurring with 8 of 71 melanoma patients (6 Stage III, 1 Stage I and 1 Stage II) and no control sera. Preincubation of formalinized tumour cells had no effect on their activity in the leukocyte migration assay but the preincubation of melanoma leukocytes with either autologous serum or foetal calf serum inhibited leukocyte reactivity in around 50% of tests. However, this was also seen with control leukocytes and the effect appears to be immunologically non‐specific.
Prolonged Regional Nerve Blockade: Injectable Biodegradable Bupivacaine/Polyester Microspheres

Background Biodegradable microspheres are a useful method of drug delivery because they are both injectable and biodegradable, eliminating the need for surgical implantation or removal. Previous work has characterized implantable preparations of local anesthetics in polymer pellets for prolonged regional anesthesia. In this article, the authors characterize injectable suspensions of bupivacaine‐polymer microspheres and examine whether they can produce prolonged blockade of the sciatic nerve in rats. Methods Microspheres were prepared using polylactic‐co‐glycolic acid polymers loaded with 75% w/w bupivacaine by a solvent evaporation method. Bupivacaine release from microspheres was determined in vitro by ultraviolet spectroscopy and scintillation counting. Sensory and motor blockade of the rat sciatic nerve were assessed in vivo after injection of microsphere suspensions. Results Depending on the type of microspheres, the dose, and the additive used, mean duration of sciatic nerve block ranged from 10 h to 5.5 days. Incorporation of 0.05% w/w dexamethasone into the microspheres resulted in significant prolongation of block (up to 13‐fold), and only preparations that contained dexamethasone produced blocks lasting beyond 1 day. Bupivacaine was released in a controlled manner in vitro. Dexamethasone does not substantially slow bupivacaine release from microspheres in vitro. Conclusions Prolonged percutaneous blockade of peripheral nerves is feasible. The recovery from blockade is complete, and plasma bupivacaine levels are far below the range associated with systemic toxicity. The mechanisms underlying the dexamethasone block‐prolonging effect are under investigation.
Certolizumab pegol for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Introduction: Improved understanding of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and subsequent development of targeted therapies, have greatly advanced the management of this chronic inflammatory disease. The aim of treatment is a state of clinical remission. Certolizumab pegol (CZP) is a novel pegylated TNF alpha inhibitor (TNFi) therapy and is the focus of this review. Areas covered: CZP is different from other TNFi as it contains a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, and lacks the constant fragment (Fc) of immunoglobulin; therefore it does not activate complement. In this review in addition to clinical efficacy of CZP, effects on radiographic and patient-reported outcomes, are discussed. Adverse event data from clinical trials and extension studies are also reviewed. Expert opinion: The addition of novel TNFi therapies to treat RA is welcomed. As well as displaying clinical efficacy, there is evidence to suggest that CZP has unique characteristics, including reduced transfer across the placenta and reduced frequency of injection site reactions. Furthermore, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of CZP have demonstrated rapid improvements in workplace and home productivity in patients contributing to reducing the significant socioeconomic burden of RA.