Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Structural Signals Conferring Localisation of Pig OST48 to the Endoplasmic Reticulum

Abstract Pig liver oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) is a heterooligomeric protein complex responsible for the cotranslational transfer of GlcNAc[2]Man[9]Glc[3] from Dol PP onto specific asparagine residues in the nascent polypeptide. OST48, one of the catalytic subunits in this complex, exerts a typical type I membrane topology, containing a large luminal domain, a hydrophobic transmembrane domain and a short cytosolic peptide tail. Because OST48 is found within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) when overexpressed in COS-1 cells, we carried out experiments to identify structural signals potentially capable of directing ERtargeting, using OST48 mutants and hybrid proteins consisting of individual OST48 domains and Man[9] mannosidase. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that OST48 mutants in which the Cterminal lysine-3 or lysine-5, but not lysine-7, had been replaced by leucine (OST48? K) could be detected on the cell surface. This indicates that these two lysine residues are sufficient for conferring ERresidency on OST48. The doublelysine motif operates only when exposed cytosolically, where it acts as a relocation signal rather than causing retention. OST48? K-3, when coexpressed in COS-1 cells together with myctagged ribophorin I, was quantitatively retained in the ER. By contrast, coexpression in the presence of ribophorin I resulted in no reduction of cell surface fluorescence for the OMO? K-5 chimera containing the cytosolic and transmembrane domain of OST48 attached to the Cterminus of the Man[9]mannosidase luminal domain. Thus ERlocalisation of OST48 is probably brought about by complex formation with ribophorin I and this most likely involves the luminal domains of both proteins. Consequently, the doublelysine motif in the cytosolic domain of OST48 is unlikely to have a primary function except being involved in recapture of molecules which have escaped from the ER.
Successful Plasma Exchange for Acute Pancreatitis Complicated With Hypertriglyceridemia

A 33-year-old male with acute pancreatitis induced by hypertriglyceridemia had problems during treatment with plasma exchange. The hypercoagulable state was prevented by introducing innovative methods for cleaning and warming of the circuit and dialyzer. This enabled successful therapy, and the patient fully recovered from life-threatening acute pancreatitis.
Health in rural America: remembering the importance of place.

Historically, public health has been viewed through a variety of lenses. One lens focuses on the contrast between the science and the practice of public health.1 Another focuses on individual versus social responsibility for health.2 A third lens visualizes the contrast between an emphasis on disease categories and an emphasis on functional communities.3 A fourth focuses attention on the distinction between market forces and social justice.4 Of particular importance for public health professionals interested in rural health is that lens through which one sees an important part of the history of public health’s development as oscillation between a focus on health issues facing populations defined by their demographic characteristics and health issues in populations defined by their geographic location. Many of the early public health efforts in the United States focused on specific populations, such as merchant seamen and the urban poor,5 or specific outbreaks of disease, such as cholera, smallpox, tuberculosis, yellow fever, malaria, and typhoid.6 With the challenges created by the burgeoning industrial machine that dominated the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the roots of public health became deeply intertwined with the muck and mire of specific places—the urban slums that fed the industrial machine.7,8 This emphasis on poor populations in urban slums may have sprung from the self-interest of industrial and urban elites fearful about epidemics and their own physical health. It may also be attributed to the need for an adequate urban workforce that could be exploited for economic benefit or to a philanthropic ethos that required the more fortunate to assist those less fortunate than themselves. If nothing else, the consistent focus on simplistic causal explanations for the ill health of the urban poor probably indicates that public health’s focus on urban slums originated from some admixture of all these factors.9
The effect of training life skills on mental health of mothers having exceptional children

This research attempts to study the effect of train ing life skills on mental health of mothers who hav e exceptional children. A pre-test, post‐test, with control and experimenta l groups were designed. The sample comprised 30 mothers having one exceptional child and divided eq ually into two groups. The experimental group recei ved training life skills including self awareness, prob lem solving, stress coping, and communicative skill for 12 sessions. The research instruments were general health questi onnaires. The data analyzed using ANCOVA test. The results showed training life skills had statistically positive effect on increasing mental health (F=15/2, df= 1/27; p=0/005) of experimental group. Meanwhile the results showe d that training life skils had positive effect on decreasing anxiety (F=39/2, df=1/27; p=0/01) and depression (F =7/96, df=1/27; p=0/005).
Antidepressants for bipolar disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, controlled trials

OBJECTIVE: To examine the efficacy and safety of short-term and long-term use of antidepressants in the treatment of bipolar disorder. DATA SOURCES: A literature search of randomized, double-blind, controlled trials published until December 2012 was performed using the PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Medline and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. The keywords “bipolar disorder, bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, bipolar mania, bipolar depression, cyclothymia, mixed mania and depression, rapid cycling and bipolar disorder”, AND “antidepressant agent, antidepressive agents second- generation, antidepressive agents tricyclic, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, noradrenaline uptake inhibitor, serotonin uptake inhibitor, and tricyclic antidepressant agent” were used. The studies that were listed in the reference list of the published papers but were not retrieved in the above-mentioned databases were supplemented. STUDY SELECTION: Studies selected were double-blind randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy and safety of antidepressants in patients with bipolar disorder. All participants were aged 18 years or older, and were diagnosed as having primary bipolar disorder. Antidepressants or antidepressants combined with mood stabilizers were used in experimental interventions. Placebos, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics and other antide pressants were used in the control interventions. Studies that were quasi-randomized studies, or used antidepressants in combination with antipsychotics in the experimental group were excluded. All analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.1 provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the response and switching to mania. The secondary outcomes included remission, discontinuation rate, and suicidality. RESULTS: Among 5 001 treatment studies published, 14 double-blind randomized controlled trials involving 1 244 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Eleven short-term studies and three maintenance studies were included. Studies suggested that patients treated with antidepressants were not significantly more likely to achieve higher response and remission rates in the short-term or long-term treatment than patients treated with placebo and other medications. Antidepressants were not associated with an increased risk of discontinuation, relapse or suicidality. When one antidepressant was compared with another, no significant difference in efficacy and tolerability was found. CONCLUSION: Existing evidence of efficacy does not support the short-term or long-term application of antidepressant therapy in patients with bipolar disorder, although the tolerability and safety of antidepressants have been generally acknowledged. There is a need for large-sample, double-blind, randomized controlled trials to elucidate the role of antidepressants in patients with different subcategories of bipolar disorder.
Building an Evidence-Based Practice Infrastructure and Culture: A Model for Rural and Community Hospitals

The need to address the disparity between healthcare research findings and the implementation of findings into clinical practice is an essential factor in healthcare reform. Exponential growth over the past decade in health-related knowledge and technology has made access to research findings increasingly available. The authors describe a process initiated at a rural community hospital to support the integration of evidence-based practice into daily nursing practice.
Bipolar disorder and sleep problems

bipolar disorder; sleep; circadian rhythms; insomnia; pharmacotherapy; sleep deprivation; bright light; psychotherapy. Abstract BACKGROUND: Sleep problems are highly prevalent among patients with bipolar disorder and have a substantial impact on the course of illness. METHOD: We conducted a series of literature searches using as key words or as items in indexed fields, bipolar disorder and sleep problems. Articles were obtained by searching MEDLINE from 1970 to 2012. In addition, we used other papers cited in articles from these searches, or cited in articles used in our own work. RESULTS: Disturbance of the sleep/wake cycle has been a core component of bipolar dis- order. Reduced total sleep time is a predicto r of manic episodes Sleep is disturbed during manic episodes as well as during inter-episode period. Treatment of sleep disturbance in bipolar relies on pharmacotherapy, sleep deprivation with or without light therapy, and psychological treatments. CONCLUSION: Multiple lines of evidence suggest that sleep disruption may be an underly- ing trigger for manic and depressive episodes that sleep improvement may be a clinically useful therapeutic target, and that successful prevention of relapse may rely in part on maintaining adequate sleep.
Comparison of nuclear spin relaxation rates at Y and O sites in YBa2Cu3O7-y.

We report a detailed comparison of the [sup 89]Y and the planar [sup 17]O NMR shifts [ital K] and spin-lattice relaxation rates 1/[ital T][sub 1] in oriented YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7[minus][ital y]] powder with [ital y][congruent]0 and [ital y]=0.37. For [ital y]=0.37, the ratio [ital R] of the O relaxation rate to the Y relaxation rate increases with decreasing temperature above [ital T][sub [ital c]] and [ital T][sub 1][ital TK] at Y sites is not constant, which suggests that the antiferromagnetic spin correlations between adjacent CuO[sub 2] layers grow with decreasing temperature. The magnitude of [ital R] in both [ital y]=0.37 and [ital y][congruent]0 is smaller than evaluated from an ionic model of the hyperfine Hamiltonian.
Helicobacter pylori infection in patients affected by insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus

Background/aim Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the result of an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic Langerhans β cells. Helicobacter pylori infection, the most common cause of gastritis and peptic ulcer, has been associated with some autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection and gastrointestinal (Gl) symptoms in patients with IDDM. Methods 116 patients (50 males and 66 females, mean age: 35 ± 11 years) affected by IDDM were evaluated; 50 healthy subjects matched for age and sex were utilized as a control group. H. pylori infection was determined by a [13Clurea breath test. IDDM duration, daily dosage of insulin and prevalence of Gl symptoms (bloating, pyrosis, epigastric pain, belching, halitosis, nausea) were assessed. Results The prevalence of H. pylori infection was similar in IDDM patients and in controls (37 vs 34%, respectively). In both groups, the mean age was higher in infected subjects. The mean IDDM duration was significantly greater in infected patients (19 ± 12 vs 13 ± 10 years, P < 0.006). Prevalence of infection was directly related to the duration of IDDM (<1 year, 23%; 1 −3 years, 32%; >3 years, 40%). The daily dosage of insulin did not differ between infected and non-infected subjects. H. pylori contaminated patients showed a significantly higher prevalence of bloating, pyrosis and epigastric pain when compared with non-infected subjects; conversely, prevalence of belching, halitosis and nausea did not differ between groups. Conclusion The prevalence of H. pylori infection is high in patients affected by IDDM; however, it does not differ from the infection rate observed in a control group. The rate of infection increases with IDDM duration. Bloating, pyrosis and epigastric pain appear to define infection status better.
EGF Receptor Transactivation in Angiotensin II and Endothelin Control of Vascular Protein Synthesis in vivo

Endothelin represents a necessary intermediate of angiotensin II-induced resistance artery remodeling in hypertension. Recent data suggest that epidermal growth factor receptors are rapidly transactivated by angiotensin II stimulation to mediate its growth-promoting effects. Because endothelin also transactivates epidermal growth factor receptors in vitro, we studied the contribution of epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation in the in vivo trophic actions of the upstream effector angiotensin II and its downstream mediator endothelin in rat mesenteric arteries. Twenty-six-hour infusion of angiotensin II (400 ng/kg per min) or endothelin (5 pmol/kg per min) via osmotic pumps significantly enhanced vascular protein synthesis. With angiotensin II, treatment with the inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation (AG1478, 0.5 mg/kg) produced a significant attenuation (P < 0.05) of protein synthesis. In contrast, AG1478 did not abrogate the elevation of protein synthesis induced by endothelin. In conclusion, angiotensin II-induced epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation seems to be involved in the recruitment of endothelin in the cascade leading to vascular protein synthesis, rather than in the effect of endothelin on small artery remodeling.
Adverse Childhood Events as Risk Factors for Negative Mental Health Outcomes

359 Adverse Childhood Events as Risk Factors for Negative Mental Health Outcomes The successful resolution of developmental tasks during childhood has long been recognized as crucial to adult mental health. Specifi cally, theorists such as Sigmund Freud, Erik Erikson, and Jean Piaget posited that the negotiation of stages of human development facilitates psychosocial and cognitive adaptation and is vital to the emergence of creativity throughout life.1 Conversely, much recent research attests to the deleterious consequences of adverse childhood events on functioning throughout the lifespan.2-4 This review examines the association between adverse childhood events (which include emotional, physical, and sexual abuse; neglect; childhood household dysfunction; and other forms of childhood trauma) and the emergence of psychiatric symptomatology across the lifespan. The strong interrelationship between these events and the need for communication among clinicians is also noted, because such communication appears essential for prompt intervention to prevent the sequelae commonly associated with these events. Specifi cally, the association between adverse childhood events and affective and anxiety disorders, personality disorders, and substance abuse are reviewed. Then, key fi ndings derived from the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study — which strongly corroborate the need to examine multiple trau-
In the rat, intestinal lymph carries a significant amount of ingested glucose into the bloodstream.

Intestinal lymph flow in rats receiving an oral load of 3 mmoles of glucose was determined by measuring the amount of tritiated gavage water entering via the portal route [computed differential arterio-venous tritium water concentrations multiplied by portal blood flow) and measuring the total amount of tritium transferred from the intestinal lumen to the rest of the rat in a given time [from the blood tritium specific activity and the water space (795 ml.kg-1) of the rat]. The approximate figure obtained (79.8 ml.kg-1.h) was used for the evaluation of the amount of glucose (from 14C-labelled glucose in the gavage) transfer via intestinal lymph from the label present in the lymph and its flow. Lymph glucose concentration (c. 11 mM) and specific radioactivity were higher than those of blood. The amount of glucose actually taken up from the intestinal lumen was determined measuring the remaining label in the alimentary canal. The portal contribution to label distribution was measured as for tritium water transfer. Most glucose label passed through in the form of glucose, with much smaller proportions as CO2 and even smaller as lactate and other labelled compounds. The results suggest that the contribution of lymph circulation to dietary glucose incorporation into the bloodstream may be significant, amounting to values higher than 10% of the glucose actually incorporated.
Impact of Consistency in Customer Relationship Management on E-Commerce Shopper Preferences

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in e-commerce is concerned with retaining the existing customers on a long-term basis, motivating them to come back to shop for more and to talk positively to their peers about the products and services provided. Fourteen items have been identified in a developed questionnaire to measure CRM factors in consistency of customer treatment. They are consistencies of: price-quoting, steps to execute a transaction, design of the shopping Web page, site navigation, promotions offered, indication of in-stock products, product variety, alternative product suggestions, fraud protection, presented guarantees involving the product, fairness of the site, help offered, return policies, and personal information. To determine the validity of the items, 100 e-commerce experts from academia were presented the questionnaire and asked to rate the importance of the individual items. The developed tool had a Cronbach's Alpha internal consistency value of 0.81. A multivariate analysis was conducted to cluster the aspects of consistency in CRM. For this purpose, two factors were identified: Technical and Customer Treatment Factors. The individual Cronbach's Alpha values were 0.84 for Treatment Factor and 0.74 for Technical Factor. The analysis indicated that the Technical Factor included the consistencies of shopping steps, site design, and navigation, while the Customer Treatment Factor included the consistencies of promotions, in-stock indication, product variety, fraud protection, presented guarantees, customer fairness, and return policies. Based on the analysis, 10 guidelines for Consistency in CRM were produced. The guidelines can be applied to Business-to-Consumer (B2C) e-commerce sites as part of their CRM policy.
Detection of serum antibodies to bovine norovirus in veterinarians and the general population in the Netherlands

The close genetic relationship of human and animal strains of norovirus has raised the possibility of transmission of noroviruses from animals to humans and may explain the emergence of certain norovirus strains. To assess if exposure to bovine noroviruses (NoV) might result in infection in humans, an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was designed and validated in order to detect antibodies against bovine norovirus. This and two other EIAs were used to test sera from 210 veterinarians and 630 matched population controls for IgG and IgA antibodies to recombinant capsid protein of bovine NoV (rBoV), Norwalk virus (rNV), and Lordsdale virus (rLDV). Of 840 participants, IgG reactivity to rBoV was found in 185 (22%), to rNV in 638 (76%) and to rLDV in 760 (90%). IgG reactivity to rBoV was more common in veterinarians (58/210: 28%) than in controls (127/630: 20% [P = 0.03]). IgA reactivity to rBoV was similar in both veterinarians and controls. Cross‐reactivity of IgA and IgG antibodies to rBoV and rNV was seen, but 26% of all specimens positive rBoV antibodies showed high IgG reactivity to rBoV but low reactivity to rNV, suggesting a specific response to bovine antigen. No evidence of overall cross‐reactivity of antibodies to rBoV and rLDV was seen. Among veterinarians, youth spent on farm (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.8) and membership of the bovine practitioners' society (OR = 2.7) were significantly associated with IgG seroreactivity to rBoV. These data indicate that bovine strains of NoV may infect humans though less frequently than human strains. J. Med. Virol. 76:119–128, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long-term trajectories of the development of speech sound production in pediatric cochlear implant recipients.

PURPOSE This study characterized the development of speech sound production in prelingually deaf children with a minimum of 8 years of cochlear implant (CI) experience. METHOD Twenty-seven pediatric CI recipients' spontaneous speech samples from annual evaluation sessions were phonemically transcribed. Accuracy for these speech samples was evaluated in piecewise regression models. RESULTS As a group, pediatric CI recipients showed steady improvement in speech sound production following implantation, but the improvement rate declined after 6 years of device experience. Piecewise regression models indicated that the slope estimating the participants' improvement rate was statistically greater than 0 during the first 6 years postimplantation, but not after 6 years. The group of pediatric CI recipients' accuracy of speech sound production after 4 years of device experience reasonably predicts their speech sound production after 5-10 years of device experience. CONCLUSIONS The development of speech sound production in prelingually deaf children stabilizes after 6 years of device experience, and typically approaches a plateau by 8 years of device use. Early growth in speech before 4 years of device experience did not predict later rates of growth or levels of achievement. However, good predictions could be made after 4 years of device use.
Endothelin-1 in cerebrospinal fluid in elderly patients with hypertension and dementia.

Endothelin-1, a potent endothelium-derived vasoconstrictive peptide, is also known to exist in the central nervous system. We determined endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid by a radioimmunoassay in 32 normotensive or hypertensive elderly subjects (79 +/- 8 years old) with or without multi-infarction dementia. The mean value of endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid was significantly (P < .05) elevated in subjects with essential hypertension (> or = 160/95 mm Hg, n = 5, 79 +/- 9 years old) compared with those with borderline hypertension (140-159/90-94 mm Hg, n = 4, 78 +/- 5 years old) and normotensive subjects (< 140/90 mm Hg, n = 23, 79 +/- 8 years old). The value of endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid was significantly (P < .05) positively correlated with both systolic (r = .38) and diastolic (r = .42) blood pressures in all subjects. On the other hand, mean values of endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid were also significantly (P < .05) elevated in the groups of patients with multi-infarction dementia that had profoundly decreased Mini-Mental State scores (< or = 10, n = 6) and moderately decreased Mini-Mental State scores (11 to 20, n = 14) compared with those values in subjects with normal cognitive function (score for Mini-Mental State > or = 21, n = 12). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)