Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotions in a Repeated Cournot Duopoly Game: A Psychophysiological Experiment

The reason why cooperation occurs in repeated games has remained a puzzle. Earlier literature has maintained that reciprocal behavior that gives rise to cooperation can be entirely self-regarding. However, experimental evidence has shown that reciprocal behavior is other-regarding in many 1-shot games. This other-regarding behavior is believed to have an emotional foundation. We hypothesized that emotions play a role in reciprocal behavior in repeated games as well. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the psychophysiological correlates of emotions from pairs of subjects as they played a repeated Cournot duopoly game. The players, who were in different rooms and remained anonymous to each other, made adjustment decisions to their production quantities that determined their payoffs in each round. Autonomic nervous system arousal was activated when the payoffs of both players decreased in a round, whereas positive affect was expressed when the payoffs of both players increased in a round. The disgust expression was related to a player’s own 1-sided increase in the payoff. Anger was expressed occasionally but less frequently when the outcome was the player’s ideal outcome. An upward adjustment of the production quantity was observed when the other player did not cooperate. This had the effect of decreasing the payoffs of both players, and this was also related to an increase in the level of arousal. Our results provide evidence on how emotions are present in reciprocal behavior in a repeated social dilemma game. The results challenge recent behavioral research that has advocated self-regarded motivations of cooperation in repeated games.
The effects of sodium chloride and potassium chloride supple- mentation in drinking water on performance of broilers under tropical summer conditions Einfluss der Zugabe von Natriumchlorid und Kaliumchlorid zum Trinkwasser auf die Leistung von Masthühnern unter tropischen Sommerbedingungen

It is well known that water is an essential nutrient in poultry, especially during hot environmental temperature. The increase in water consumption benefits the bird by increasing amount of heat dissipated by evaporative cooling through the respiratory tract (BELAY and TEETER, 1993; VAN KAMPEN, 1981), and survival in a hot environment depends on the consumption of large volumes of water (FOX, 1951). Increased survivability during heat stress has been shown to correlate with water consumption (DEYHIM and TEETER, 1991). In the past, there were many studies on heat stress and the role of water intake in domestic chicken. WILSON (1949) showed that feed consumption at 37.8°C was only 42% of that at 26.5°C, while water consumption increased to 135% and body temperature was about 2°C higher at 37.8°C than at 26.5°C. MAY and LOTT (1992) kept hens under cyclic ambient temperature (24–35–24°C) and constant condition (24°C). At day one and two of the cyclic temperature, water intake increased at the time of peak temperature and thereafter. At day three, the birds anticipated the heat stress by an increase of water intake prior to the raise of temperature. When the ambient temperature was raised continuously from 26.7 to 40.8°C, the peak of water intake preceded peak temperature and the lowest feed consumption occurred after the peak of heat stress. BESSEI (1998) revealed that birds showing high voluntary water intake under moderate temperature seem to better cope with episodic heat stress. Heat stress increases excretion of potassium through urine resulting in the decrease in plasma potassium (K) (AIT-BOULAHSEN et al., 1989; HUSTON, 1978; SMITH and TEETER, 1987) and adversely influenced mineral metabolism of broiler (BELAY and TEETER, 1996; BORGES et al., 2004). Heat stress causes respiratory alkalosis leading to an excess of blood bicarbonate, which is eliminated through
Active Navigation in a Hepatitis B Program: Screening, Vaccination and Patient Assistance for Asian Americans in Michigan

Background: Hepatitis B (HBV) is one of the greatest health disparities among Asian Americans. A team of volunteers in Southeast Michigan has studied HBV among Asian Americans in Michigan for 10 years. The study looked at prevalence of HBV among Asian Americans in Michigan, and the effectiveness of programs that included screening, vaccination and patient navigation.
The marine controlled-source electromagnetic method in shallow water

We analyzed marine controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) acquisition in shallow water by analytic and numerical calculations. The problem at hand was the fact that the amplitude of the airwave due to a horizontal electric dipole becomes larger as the water depth is reduced. The amplitude of the scattered field from a buried thin resistor would be difficult to extract from the increased total field if the scattered-field amplitude were independent of water depth. However, we identified and explained a compensating effect where the amplitude of the scattered field increases with reduced water depth. This amplification effect makes marine CSEM surveys in shallow water feasible. We derived an approximate expression for the total field for a simple but realistic conductivity model. This expression explains why the amplitudes of the term that describes the background field contribution and the term that gives the scattered field from the thin resistor increase when the water depth is reduced. Our results and sensitivity analysis indicated that the sensitivity of marine CSEM data acquired in a water depth of 40 m is comparable to the sensitivity of marine CSEM data acquired in a water depth of 300 m.
METHOD FOR METHANOL INDEPENDENT INDUCTION FROMMETHANOL INDUCIBLE PROMOTERS IN PICHLA CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The Promoter Database of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Retrieved from the Internet: <http://rulai.cshl.edu/SCPD/>, available since 1998, Retrieved on Mar. 25, 2011). * Lin-Cereghino et al., “MXrlp, a key regulator of the methanol utili Zation pathway and peroxisomal genes in Pichia pastoris’, Molecu lar and Cellular Biology, vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 883-897 (2006). Nakano et al., “Effects of methanol feeding methods on chimeric alpha-amylase expression in continuous culture of Pichia pastoris'. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, vol. 101, No. 3, pp. 227 231 (2006). Raschke et al., “Inducible expression of a heterologous protein in Hansenula polymorpha using the alcohol oxidase 1 promoter of Pichia pastoris”. Gene, vol. 177, No. 1, pp. 163-167 (1996). Hartner et al., “Regulation of methanol utilization pathway genes in yeasts'. Microbial Cell Factories, vol. 5, No. 39, pp. 1-21 (2006). Search Report in corresponding international application No. PCT/ EP2008/050870, dated Apr. 25, 2008. * cited by examiner
Fistulipora Microparallela (Yang and Lu, 1962) from Lower Permian Bryozoans of Lut Block, Central Iran

The Fistulipora microparallela (Yang and Lu, 1962) species is described for the first time from the Sakmarian deposits of the Sarab section in Lut Block, Central Iran. This species has been reported only from the Permian (Cisuralian-Guadalupian) of the Qilianshan and Kankerin formations, and the Baliqliq Group (Upper Carboniferous to Lower Permian) of Western Xinjiang, China.
ATTRACTING SKILLED MIGRANTS TO REGIONAL AREAS: WHAT DOES IT TAKE?

For some time government policy has tried to encourage permanent migrants to settle outside the major cities in so-called regional areas. This policy has met with limited success (even though the term ‘regional’ has often included Melbourne). In 2003 the policy was extended to temporary migrants entering on 457 work visas. A large survey of principal visa holders on 457 visas suggests that there are a number of conditions that would have to be met if this policy were to be successful.
The sorted effects method: discovering heterogeneous effects beyond their averages

The partial (ceteris paribus) e? ects of interest in nonlinear and interactive linear models are heterogeneous as they can vary dramatically with the underlying observed or unobserved covariates. Despite the apparent importance of heterogeneity, a common practice in modern empirical work is to largely ignore it by reporting average partial e? ects (or, at best, average e? ects for some groups, see e.g. Angrist and Pischke (2008)). While average e? ects provide very convenient scalar summaries of typical e? ects, by de? nition they fail to re? ect the entire variety of the heterogenous e? ects. In order to discover these e? ects much more fully, we propose to estimate and report sorted e? ects – a collection of estimated partial e? ects sorted in increasing order and indexed by percentiles. By construction the sorted e? ect curves completely represent and help visualize all of the heterogeneous e? ects in one plot. They are as convenient and easy to report in practice as the conventional average partial e? ects. We also provide a quanti? cation of uncertainty (standard errors and con? dence bands) for the estimated sorted e? ects. We apply the sorted e? ects method to demonstrate several striking patterns of gender-based discrimination in wages, and of race-based discrimination in mortgage lending. Using di? erential geometry and functional delta methods, we establish that the estimated sorted e? ects are consistent for the true sorted e? ects, and derive asymptotic normality and bootstrap approximation results, enabling construction of pointwise con? dence bands (point-wise with respect to percentile indices). We also derive functional central limit theorems and bootstrap approximation results, enabling construction of simultaneous con? dence bands (simultaneous with respect to percentile indices). The derived statistical results in turn rely on establishing Hadamard di? erentiability of the multivariate sorting operator, a result of independent mathematical interest.
Correlated Trades and Herd Behavior in the Stock Market

Herd behavior is often viewed as a signi cant threat for the stability and eciency of nancial markets. This paper sheds new light on the relevance of herd behavior for observed correlation of trades. We introduce numerical simulations of a herd model to derive theory-guided predictions regarding the impact of various aspects of uncertainty on herding intensity. We test the predictions using a novel data set including all real-time transactions of institutional investors in the German stock market. In light of the model simulations, empirical results strongly suggest that the observed correlation of trades is mainly due to the common reaction of investors to new public information and should not be misinterpreted as herd behavior.
Determining Validity and Reliability of Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS-Plus) among Iranian Sample

The present paper aims at considering the AIMS' val idity and reliability among Iranian sample. In this regard, English and Farsi scripts conformity and Ci eslak's (2004) AIMS-Plus context were assessed through translation and back-translation in a pilot study. At the second phase, statistical sample comprising 384 physical education course students (184 male and 20 0 female) was applied to verify internal stability and construction validity of the scale through explorat ory and confirmatory factor analysis. The original AIMS-Plus version revealed lack of proper construct ion validity and necessity of deleting some items. That is why the scale was revised and the second factor analysis showed more proper construction validity relative to the original version; moreover it extra cted a three-factor construction. Also the results revealed that revision of the scale's validity and internal stability (Cronbach's alpha=0.88) are at acceptable level. According to the research findings the new revised version of AIMS with 17 items has more appropriate psychometrical characteristics for measuring athlet ic identity among Iranian sample population.
CO2 wettability of seal and reservoir rocks and the implications for carbon geo‐sequestration

We review the literature data published on the topic of CO2 wettability of storage and seal rocks. We first introduce the concept of wettability and explain why it is important in the context of carbon geo‐sequestration (CGS) projects, and review how it is measured. This is done to raise awareness of this parameter in the CGS community, which, as we show later on in this text, may have a dramatic impact on structural and residual trapping of CO2. These two trapping mechanisms would be severely and negatively affected in case of CO2‐wet storage and/or seal rock. Overall, at the current state of the art, a substantial amount of work has been completed, and we find that: Sandstone and limestone, plus pure minerals such as quartz, calcite, feldspar, and mica are strongly water wet in a CO2‐water system. Oil‐wet limestone, oil‐wet quartz, or coal is intermediate wet or CO2 wet in a CO2‐water system. The contact angle alone is insufficient for predicting capillary pressures in reservoir or seal rocks. The current contact angle data have a large uncertainty. Solid theoretical understanding on a molecular level of rock‐CO2‐brine interactions is currently limited. In an ideal scenario, all seal and storage rocks in CGS formations are tested for their CO2 wettability. Achieving representative subsurface conditions (especially in terms of the rock surface) in the laboratory is of key importance but also very challenging.
THE IMPACT OF PERSONALITY TRAITS AND GENDER ON JOB SATISFACTION OF POLICE OFFICERS IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN.

Umbreen Khizar. The present study will explore the correlation of personality traits, gender and job satisfaction of police officers in Punjab, Pakistan. The sample will be consisted on 300 senior police officers. The sample will be further divided on the basis of gender differences. The sample will be selected from Punjab, Pakistan. Survey research method will be used for data collection. Neo-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) will be used for measuring the personality traits. Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) scale will be used to check the job satisfaction. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) will be used for data analysis.
Small Microstrip Low-Pass Filter by using Novel Defected Ground Structure for UWB Applications

─ In this paper, a novel low-pass filter using defected ground structure (DGS) slot with a protruded T-shaped strip inside the slot is presented. The resonant frequency of the slot can be easily controlled by changing the protruded Tshaped strips dimensions, without changing the area taken by the structure. Using this DGS slot, a quasi-elliptic low-pass filter was designed, fabricated, and tested. The experimental results show good agreement with simulation results and demonstrate that excellent stop-band performance could be obtained through the proposed low-pass filter. The filter has a cut-off frequency of about 3.4 GHz. Index Terms ─Defected ground structure, microstrip low-pass filter, protruded T-shaped strip, and T-shaped open stub.
SWRT: A package for semi-analytical solutions of surface wave propagation, including mode conversion, across transversely aligned vertical discontinuities

Abstract. We present a suite of programs that implement decades-old algorithms for computation of seismic surface wave reflection and transmission coefficients at a welded contact between two laterally homogeneous quarter-spaces. For Love as well as Rayleigh waves, the algorithms are shown to be capable of modelling multiple mode conversions at a lateral discontinuity, which was not shown in the original publications or in the subsequent literature. Only normal incidence at a lateral boundary is considered so there is no Love–Rayleigh coupling, but incidence of any mode and coupling to any (other) mode can be handled. The code is written in Python and makes use of SciPy's Simpson's rule integrator and NumPy's linear algebra solver for its core functionality. Transmission-side results from this code are found to be in good agreement with those from finite-difference simulations. In today's research environment of extensive computing power, the coded algorithms are arguably redundant but SWRT can be used as a valuable testing tool for the ever evolving numerical solvers of seismic wave propagation. SWRT is available via GitHub ( https://github.com/arjundatta23/SWRT.git ).
U.S. subprime financial crisis contagion on BRIC and European Union stock markets

Se utiliza la Teoria de Copulas para analizar el contagio entre los BRIC (Brasil, Rusia, India y China) y mercados de acciones de la Union Europea con el mercado estadounidense. Los indices de mercado utilizados para el periodo del 1 de enero de 2005 al 27 de febrero de 2010 fueron: MXBRIC (BRIC) MXEU (Union Europea) y MXUS (Estados Unidos). Se evalua en este trabajo la adecuacion de las principales copulas encontradas en la literatura financiera mediante el uso de los criterios estadisticos de log-verosimilitud, informacion de Akaike e informacion bayesiana. Se presenta un estudio innovador en el area de contagio, debido a la utilizacion de copulas condicionales, que permite calcular el aumento de correlacion entre los indices, en un enfoque no parametrico. La copula Joe-Clayton simetrizada presento la mejor adecuacion para los pares de retornos considerados. Los resultados indican que existe evidencia del efecto de contagio en los mercados de la Union Europea y de los BRIC, para un nivel de significacion del 5%. Ademas, hay evidencias de que el contagio de la crisis financiera de Estados Unidos fue mas pronunciado en la UE que en los mercados de los BRIC para un nivel de significacion del 5%. De esa manera, las carteras de acciones formadas por empresas de los paises BRIC pudieron ofrecer una mayor proteccion a los inversores durante la crisis financiera subprime. Este resultado esta en linea con otros estudios que muestran la creciente correlacion entre los mercados, especialmente en los momentos de caida.
Various aspects of research of the SI engine with an additional expansion process

The paper presents an analysis of the results of the both experimental results and theoretical works on the SI engine with additional expansion of exhaust gases, also known as five-stroke engine. The engine like this was constructed at Cracow University of Technology as a retrofitted in-line four cylinder engine in which outer cylinders (1st and 4th) work as fired cylinders and inner cylinders (2nd and 3rd) work as volume for the additional expansion. The aim of development of such an engine is to gain higher energy recovery ratio of the combusted fuel through the second expansion of exhaust in a separate cylinder. The operating parameters of the engine in various versions were analyzed: as naturally aspirated, supercharged using a turbocharger with a waste-gate valve and a turbocharger with variable nozzle turbine. Selected results of the indicating measurements of the engine with special emphasis on the indicated thermal efficiency were presented. The results pointed out the directions of further optimization of the engine. These results are all the more important, because according to the author’s knowledge, the research on the real object of this type are carried out in only one science center in the world besides Cracow University of Technology.
On the Relationship between the Investment-Cashflow Sensitivity and the Degree of Financing Constraints

We investigate whether the investment-cash flow sensitivity is monotonic in the degree of financing constraints. By using a large panel of publicly traded non-financial U.K. firms, we show that the investment-cash flow sensitivity is neither monotonically increasing nor decreasing in the most common proxies of financing constraints; on the contrary, an inverse U-shaped relationship is observed. Robustness exercises show that the parameter of interest displays, to some extent, a monotonic behavior with respect to size only; however, in contrast with much of the relevant literature, it is found to be greater for larger firms, whose characteristics would hardly lead the researcher to classify them as more financially constrained. If taken as a whole, our findings suggest that higher investment-cash flow sensitivities may hardly be used as evidence of greater financial constraints.
Product Placement Strategy in the Business Market Competition: Studies of Fast Moving Consumer Goods

The phenomenon of distribution intensity has received little attention in academic research, particularly in its relation to the distribution of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). This paper aimed at exploring distribution management practices that is appropriate for describing concept and theory related to product placement in the market. The paper uses either qualitative research method as phenomenology by using the philosophy of constructivism interpretation or grounded theory by philosophy of pragmatism interpretation. The data obtained to study the development in FMCG distribution management in term of channel group of traditional markets in Indonesia. The result identifies and describes that product placement concept pervades relations among: (1) the firm’s strategic policy; (2) numbers, types, and roles of salesperson; (3) the distribution level of product; and (4) the customers’ coverage expansion. Theoretically this paper proposes four typical of product placement strategies namely; trial, introduction, attacker, and leader. It might be argued that the findings of this study have constructively arranged the concept and theory of product placement as a form of its novelty. The result of the study contributes into the concept of “place” in marketing mix, along with the use of agency theory as an alternative perspective in marketing management research.
Remarks on the skull morphology of Canis lupaster Hemprich and Herenberg, 1832 from the collection of the Natural History Museum “G. Doria” of Genoa, Italy

Canis lupaster is a canid that lives in North Africa. In the past, this species was considered a subspecies of golden jackal ( Canis aureus ), a subspecies of wolf ( Canis lupus ), or a separated species. Since 2011 genetic data have demonstrated that C. lupaster is not a golden jackal and that it is more closely related to wolf lineage. The recent interest on C. lupaster lead to the publication of some papers on this topic, but the vast majority concerned genetic data. In this paper a morphological approach is presented. Twelve specimens, collected in Libya between 1926 and 1931 and now stored in the Natural History Museum of Genoa, are described here. C. lupaster is compared with the African golden jackal and with the wolf. MANOVA, PCA and discriminant analysis were performed. C. lupaster show many differences and is well separated both from wolf and from African golden jackal. Measures and ratios, that allow to rapidly recognise among these species, were identified. These ratios could be a useful tool for field researchers to quickly identify the correct species.
A Study on IEEE 802.11 MAC Layer Misbehavior under Different Back-off Algorithms

Security of any wireless network is an important issue. The IEEE 802.11 medium access control can be violated by several native or smart attacks that result to downgrade network performance. In recent years, there are several studies using analytical model to analyze MAC layer misbehavior issue to explore this problem but focused on binary exponential back-off only. Moreover, a practical condition such as freezing back-off issue is not included in the previous models. Hence, this paper presents a novel analytical model of the IEEE 802.11 MAC to thoroughly understand impacts of misbehaving node on network throughput and delay parameters. Especially, the model can express detailed back-off algorithms so that comforts to evaluate the network performance under some typical attacks by numerical simulation method.