Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cell cycle kinetic measurements in an irradiated rat rhabdomyosarcoma using a monoclonal antibody to bromodeoxyuridine.

Cell cycle kinetics after X-irradiation were studied in a solid rat rhabdomyosarcoma using a monoclonal antibody to bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) in cells in which the DNA was labeled by BrdUrd. It could be shown that this tumor was composed of about 80% diploid host cells, and only 20% of the cells in the dissociated tumor were actually tetraploid tumor cells. When rats were injected intraperitoneally with BrdUrd to label S-phase cells in the tumor, only a fraction of both types of cells became labeled with BrdUrd during S-phase, even 24 h after injection. The diploid BrdUrd-labeled cells progressed rapidly into cycle; 4 h after injection of BrdUrd, labeled diploid G1-phase cells could be observed. Only 25% of the tetraploid S-phase cells could be labeled by a single injection of BrdUrd (160 mg/kg body weight). These labeled tetraploid cells progressed through the cell cycle with similar velocities as did labeled diploid cells. Using a "Mini Osmotic Pump" containing bromodeoxycytidine (BrdCyd) at high concentration (0.3 mol/L) that released BrdCyd continuously into the organism where it was converted to BrdUrd, it could be shown that after 2 days about 60% of cells in S-phase and 70% of cells in G2-phase were labeled. The fraction of labeled G2-phase cells in irradiated tumors (D = 10 and 20 Gy) was enhanced between 10 and 50 h after irradiation due to a radiation-induced G2 block in cycling tetraploid tumor cells. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An operational model for mainstreaming ecosystem services for implementation

Research on ecosystem services has grown markedly in recent years. However, few studies are embedded in a social process designed to ensure effective management of ecosystem services. Most research has focused only on biophysical and valuation assessments of putative services. As a mission-oriented discipline, ecosystem service research should be user-inspired and user-useful, which will require that researchers respond to stakeholder needs from the outset and collaborate with them in strategy development and implementation. Here we provide a pragmatic operational model for achieving the safeguarding of ecosystem services. The model comprises three phases: assessment, planning, and management. Outcomes of social, biophysical, and valuation assessments are used to identify opportunities and constraints for implementation. The latter then are transformed into user-friendly products to identify, with stakeholders, strategic objectives for implementation (the planning phase). The management phase undertakes and coordinates actions that achieve the protection of ecosystem services and ensure the flow of these services to beneficiaries. This outcome is achieved via mainstreaming, or incorporating the safeguarding of ecosystem services into the policies and practices of sectors that deal with land- and water-use planning. Management needs to be adaptive and should be institutionalized in a suite of learning organizations that are representative of the sectors that are concerned with decision-making and planning. By following the phases of our operational model, projects for safeguarding ecosystem services are likely to empower stakeholders to implement effective on-the-ground management that will achieve resilience of the corresponding social-ecological systems.
The Sports-Recreational Animation as a Factor for Tourism Development

The contemporary trends in tourism require organization of the content of the tourist stay. The times when the basic tourist services as accommodation and food were the only incentives for tourist flaws, have passed. Today these services are performing needs while achieving the goal and that is meeting the needs of the visitors. These two goals are complementary. It means that the level of achieving the first goal is in connection to the achieving of the second one. The higher the level of respect for the latter one is, the higher the level of realization of the first one. From a marketing aspect, the visitors’ needs are oriented towards the higher diversity and need foe a wider range of potential services. While in past times the food and accommodation were the synonyms of the tourist and hospitality business, in recent times these two have become only an assumption, and less a goal of the visitors. The visitors will most often direct to those destinations that offer new experiences, events, changes. The development of the product, as part of the marketing function, in the tourist and hospitality business leads to products for meeting the biological and physiological needs (food, accommodation, personal hygiene) to products for meeting various activitiesin that context,we can mention the degree of education which, in the research of the tourist motivation, appears as a relevant factor for tourist migrations.
Strategies for growth in the media and communications industry: Does size really matter?

Abstract This empirical study examines potential size effects in the US media and communications industry. Motivated by investors’ demand for continuous profit growth, media and communications executives attempt to leverage size effects, be it by growing the core business or by diversifying into other media segments, thereby exploiting cross‐media synergies. However, contrary to conventional wisdom, the authors could not find a general correlation between size and diversification on the one hand and performance on the other hand. The authors’ reason that exploiting size effects in the media and communications industry is far from simplistic and cross‐media synergies may take more time and effort to leverage than assumed. Therefore, research is recommended to focus on the operational level of size effects and their development over time. For media managers, the findings imply that more emphasis should be placed on strategy implementation and operational effectiveness, rather than on sophisticated M&A and growth initiatives.
Modelling Intuition in Retail Site Assessment (MIRSA): making sense of retail location using retailers' intuitive judgements as a support for decision-making

Analogues are used by retailers as a forecasting method and as performance benchmarks for new sites. This paper outlines an innovative analogue method that uses the ‘intuitive’ field-level judgements of retail directors obtained through cognitive mapping to classify sites according to their similarity to store analogues. The paper also discusses the problems of existing methods of site assessment relating to their tendency to underplay managerial judgements; outlines an innovative qualitative clustering method that mirrors decision-makers' knowledge to identify analogues by their degree of similarity to a new site; and assesses its value with reference to user responses in a live ‘real-time’ decision situation.
The Adoption of Information Technology in Self-Managing Service Teams

This article examines antecedents and consequences of the adoption level of standardized information technology (IT) versus customized IT in self-managing teams (SMTs) in a financial services institution. Linkages between specified antecedents and the adoption levels of standardized and customized IT were investigated using data collected from bank employees and in-company databases. The authors find positive individual-level effects of tolerance of self-management, ease of use, and innovativeness on the adoption level of standardized IT and positive individual-level effects of tolerance of self-management and perceived usefulness on the adoption level of customized IT. These findings suggest that discriminating between different types of IT creates a better understanding of IT adoption in SMTs. A similar investigation of the IT adoption-service performance relationships shows that the adoption level of customized IT rather than of standardized IT has a crucial impact on service performance both in terms of customer satisfaction and productivity.
Oral potentially malignant disorders: A proposal for terminology and definition with review of literature

Several attempts to produce internationally accepted terminologies and definitions of ‘oral precancer’ have appeared in the literature. World Health Organizations (WHO) in 1972 subdivided ‘precancer’ into ‘lesions’ and ‘conditions’ with their definitions. Recent working group of WHO is not in favor of such subdivision and recommended the use of the term ‘oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD)’. This is mainly attributed to the recent advancement in molecular and genetic aspects of ‘oral precancer’. But efforts to define OPMDs are few in the literature. ‘Oral precancer’ is ultimately colligated to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). With this semantics in mind, different OPMD and related terminologies in the literature used till date with their lexicographic analysis have been reviewed in the present paper. Attempt has also been made to propose desirable terminology and definition which suits to the current concept of OPMD. The proposed terminology and definition is based on the authors’ opinions with a hope for further suggestions from readers.
Even Small Amounts of Gluten Cause Relapse in Children With Celiac Disease

Background Previously, a gluten challenge was customary to establish the diagnosis of celiac disease in children. There are no clear recommendations on how to perform this challenge or what markers to rely on for timing the biopsy after the challenge. The authors' aim was to monitor gluten intake, clinical symptoms, and antibody kinetics to evaluate the influence of gluten exposure during the challenge. Methods Twenty-five children under investigation for suspected celiac disease were challenged. One child was excluded because blood samples, food records, or biopsy was lacking. Median age at the postchallenge biopsy was 3.8 (2.7–8.8) years. The families kept daily records of the children's gluten intake and of symptoms that occurred. Blood samples were taken monthly for analysis of antigliadin and endomysium antibodies and total immunoglobulin A (IgA). A third biopsy was performed when clinical symptoms suggested a relapse. Results All 24 children showed deterioration of the mucosa or elevated antibodies during gluten challenge. Median duration of the challenge was 13 (5–51) weeks, and mean gluten intake was 1.7 (0.2–4.3) g/d and 0.1 (0.02–0.26) g/kg daily. Conclusions Gluten intake during the challenge varied widely, and the parents were unable to give their children the recommended amount. Despite the small amounts given, all children showed signs of relapse at a clinical, laboratory, or histologic level. Much smaller amounts of gluten than previously suggested seem sufficient to cause relapse during gluten challenge in children.
Growth into manhood: identity development among female-to-male transgender youth

This study aims to understand the process by which female-to-male transgender young people come to identify as transgender through in-depth interviews with 13 self-identified female-to-male transgender youth. A grounded theory was created of the process that young people go through in coming to identify as transgender. We identified three stages: (1) a growing sense of gender: school, puberty, sexuality and exposure to diverse gender options impact upon each young person's sense of his own gender; (2) recognition of transgender identity: a young person experiences a growing sense of discomfort with his female birth gender and comes to recognise himself as transgender; and (3) social adjustment: after becoming aware of himself as transgender, a young person adapts to life as a male. Although individual experiences may vary, understanding the typical trajectory of the female-to-male transgender experience can help inform appropriate health care and support services.
Effects of pinealectomy on the levels and the circadian rhythm of plasma homocysteine in rats

Abstract: Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. There are several factors including aging that contribute to the development of hyperhomocysteinemia. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms causing this condition are still debated. We hypothesize that the age‐related decrease in melatonin levels may be consequential in hyperhomocysteinemia. Recently, we found that plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels are increased in pinealectomized (PINX) rats and melatonin reverses this increase. The aim of the present study was to determine if there is a circadian rhythm of plasma Hcy in rats and to examine the effect of pinealectomy on this cycle. Plasma Hcy levels demonstrated a 24‐hr rhythm with a peak at 02:00 hr and a nadir at 14:00 hr in both control and PINX rats. Pinealectomy did not change the phase of the rhythm or the nocturnal elevation of plasma Hcy, but it did significantly increase mean plasma Hcy levels compared with those in controls and in rats that were sham pinealectomized (sPINX) (P < 0.05). Melatonin decreases plasma Hcy levels while causing an increase in total glutathione (tGSH). In conclusion, we speculate that decreasing levels of melatonin during aging lead to hyperhomocysteinemia and a decrease in tGSH and the latter may be one of the factors causing hyperhomocysteinemia in the elderly population.
Family meals and body weight in US adults

Abstract Objective Family meals are an important ritual in contemporary societies and many studies have reported associations of family meals with several biopsychosocial outcomes among children and adolescents. However, few representative analyses of family meals have been conducted in samples of adults, and adults may differ from young people in predictors and outcomes of family meal consumption. We examined the prevalence and predictors of adult family meals and body weight outcomes. Design The cross-sectional 2009 Cornell National Social Survey (CNSS) included questions about the frequency of family meals, body weight as BMI and sociodemographic characteristics. Setting The CNSS telephone survey used random digit dialling to sample individuals. Subjects We analysed data from 882 adults living with family members in a nationally representative US sample. Results Prevalence of family meals among these adults revealed that 53 % reported eating family meals seven or more times per week. Predictive results revealed that adults who more frequently ate family meals were more likely to be married and less likely to be employed full-time, year-round. Outcome results revealed that the overall frequency of family meals among adults was not significantly associated with any measure of body weight. However, interaction term analysis suggested an inverse association between frequency of family meals and BMI for adults with children in the household, and no association among adults without children. Conclusions These findings suggest that family meals among adults are commonplace, associated with marital and work roles, and marginally associated with body weight only in households with children.
Post Harvest Physical and Nutritional Properties of Two Apple Varieties

In this research, physical and nutritional properties of two Iranian apple varieties (Golab Kohanz, Shafi Abadi) were determined and compared. The physical properties were average fruit length, width and thickness, geometric, arithmetic and equivalent mean diameters, projected area, surface area, sphericity index, aspect ratio, fruit mass, volume, bulk and fruit densities and coefficient of static friction and the nutritional properties were PH, titratable acidity and total soluble solids. Average moisture content of the Golab Kohanz (GK) and Shafi Abadi (SA) varieties were 86% and 84% (w.b.), respectively. Based on statistical analysis, the properties were statistically different at 1% and 5% levels of significance for both varieties. However, the differences between the two studied varieties in the case of the aspect ratio, coefficient of static friction on various surfaces and PH were not significant (P>0.05).
Organisational factors for successful implementation of ERP systems

Given the substantial investments of time, money and other resources, as well as the technical and organisational risks involved, it is important to understand what is needed to ensure a successful ERP implementation. In this study, we identified the critical success factors for ERP implementations from the relevant literature, categorised them into a sound theoretical framework and linked them to ERP success outcomes. We also provided empirical evidence from two companies that have recently implemented ERP systems. We utilised the theories of business process change, process change management and the literature on information systems success.
Flybrain neuron database: A comprehensive database system of the Drosophila brain neurons

The long history of neuroscience has accumulated information about numerous types of neurons in the brain of various organisms. Because such neurons have been reported in diverse publications without controlled format, it is not easy to keep track of all the known neurons in a particular nervous system. To address this issue we constructed an online database called Flybrain Neuron Database (Flybrain NDB), which serves as a platform to collect and provide information about all the types of neurons published so far in the brain of Drosophila melanogaster. Projection patterns of the identified neurons in diverse areas of the brain were recorded in a unified format, with text‐based descriptions as well as images and movies wherever possible. In some cases projection sites and the distribution of the post‐ and presynaptic sites were determined with greater detail than described in the original publication. Information about the labeling patterns of various antibodies and expression driver strains to visualize identified neurons are provided as a separate sub‐database. We also implemented a novel visualization tool with which users can interactively examine three‐dimensional reconstruction of the confocal serial section images with desired viewing angles and cross sections. Comprehensive collection and versatile search function of the anatomical information reported in diverse publications make it possible to analyze possible connectivity between different brain regions. We analyzed the preferential connectivity among optic lobe layers and the plausible olfactory sensory map in the lateral horn to show the usefulness of such a database. J. Comp. Neurol. 519:807‐833, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Utilization of prebiotic carbohydrates by yeasts of therapeutic relevance

Aims: To investigate 17 strains of therapeutically relevant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (including 10 strains of so‐called S. boulardii) isolated from various pharmaceutical products, feed supplements and brewer’s yeast for their capability of utilizing selected carbohydrates of prebiotic importance.
The Bayesian Decoding of Force Stimuli from Slowly Adapting Type I Fibers in Humans

It is well known that signals encoded by mechanoreceptors facilitate precise object manipulation in humans. It is therefore of interest to study signals encoded by the mechanoreceptors because this will contribute further towards the understanding of fundamental sensory mechanisms that are responsible for coordinating force components during object manipulation. From a practical point of view, this may suggest strategies for designing sensory-controlled biomedical devices and robotic manipulators. We use a two-stage nonlinear decoding paradigm to reconstruct the force stimulus given signals from slowly adapting type one (SA-I) tactile afferents. First, we describe a nonhomogeneous Poisson encoding model which is a function of the force stimulus and the force’s rate of change. In the decoding phase, we use a recursive nonlinear Bayesian filter to reconstruct the force profile, given the SA-I spike patterns and parameters described by the encoding model. Under the current encoding model, the mode ratio of force to its derivative is: 1.26 to 1.02. This indicates that the force derivative contributes significantly to the rate of change to the SA-I afferent spike modulation. Furthermore, using recursive Bayesian decoding algorithms is advantageous because it can incorporate past and current information in order to make predictions—consistent with neural systems—with little computational resources. This makes it suitable for interfacing with prostheses.
Brain abscesses: management and outcome analysis in a series of 84 patients during 12 year period

Abstract Authors analyze 84 cases of brain abscesses operated between January 2000 and December 2011, in the Fourth Neurosurgical Department by the same surgical team. We underline the general series profile: the mean age was 42.96 years (range: 11-75 years old), 72.62% were males, association with heart defects in seven cases (8.33%), positive bacteriological examination for germs in only 37 cases (44.04%), all negative for HIV infection. The median number of days to diagnosis was 9. Most frequent clinical presentations included headache (40.47%), fever (35.71%), focal neurologic deficits (29.76%), increased intracranial pressure (28.57%) and seizures (11.90%). The majority of cases (76.19%, n=64) presented a supposed medical condition favoring dissemination of a previous infection: malnutrition, tuberculosis, chronic alcoholism, chronic liver malady, neglected dental or ear infections, and only 5 cases (5.95%) had been diagnosed with secondary immunodeficiency syndromes following autoimmune systemic diseases. According to our treatment policy all cases except for two (treated by puncture and aspiration) benefited of open surgery and total removal of the lesions, without local recurrence. Outcome was favorable in 82.14% (n=69) of subjects. General morbidity was 26.19%, and mortality stood at 7.14%. Six cases remained with permanent motor deficit (7.14%) and four (4.76%) with controllable seizures. Out of a total of 33.33% (n=28) of complications, 64.28% were due to medical causes. Follow-up had been extended up to three years for at least 2/3 of patients, who resolved in time medical or surgical conditions which determined cerebral dissemination of the infection. Despite of a poor medical and biological condition, the patients with brain abscess outside of HIV infections benefit from neurosurgical adequate treatment, and if supportive medical and general therapy is continued and sustained, the healing and survival in good neurological status is the rule. Hematogenous spread and advance age were predictors of poor prognosis. Our findings are similar to the results of recent works, although in our series, there is a higher frequency of aerobe germs
Adopsi IFRS Dan Relevansi Nilai Informasi Akuntansi

This objective of this research is to explore the quality of accounting information before and after the adoption of IFRS on Indonesian Accounting Standards. This research explored the value relevance of earnings as one dimension of the quality of accounting information. High quality of accounting information refers to high relevancy. The adoption of new stan­dards is predicted not to increase the quality of accounting information regarding the environmental factor in Indonesia. The population of this research is public company listed on the Jakarta Stock Exchange from 2008–2011. The results suggested that the application of IFRS-based standards has not incrased the quality of accounting information in Indonesia. The relevance of accunting earnings has not increased significantly after the adoption of IFRS-based standards.
Folded SIR with CSRRs for Ultra Wide Band Applications

The paper presents a maximally flat compact planar filter employing folded Stepped Impedance Resonators (SIR) and Complementary Split Ring Resonators (CSRR), for Ultra Wide Band (UWB) applications. An interdigital quarter wavelength coupled line is used for achieving the band pass characteristics. The filter has low insertion loss in its pass band and steep roll off rate and good attenuation in its lower and upper stop bands. The measured microwave characteristics of the fabricated filter show good agreement with the simulated response.