Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceptions o f Parent-Child Relationship Quality in Parents o f Children With and Without Autism

Previous research has shown close links between stress and well-being (e.g., Pearlin, Lieberman, Menaghan, & Mullan, 1981) and between parent-child relationship quality and parental well-being (Umberson, 1989). Parents of children with autism experience higher levels of stress than parents of typically developing children and parents of children with any other developmental disability (Sanders & Morgan, 1997). Links were found between parent-child relationship quality and parental well-being in mothers of adult children with autism (Greenberg, Seltzer, Krauss, Chou, & Hong, 2004). However, the current study is the first to examine these links in parents of young children with autism. In addition, utilizing the double ABCX model of adjustment, the role of parent-child relationship as a protective factor against parenting stress was examined. A total o f 45 parents, including 18 parents of children with autism and 27 parents of typically developing children between the ages 3 and 6 years completed the Autism Behavior Checklist (Krug, Arick, & Almond, 1980), the Parenting Stress Index Short Form (Abidin, 1995), the Parent-Child Relationship Inventory (Gerard, 2005), the Perceived Attachment Questionnaire (Hoppes & Harris, 1990), and two well-being questionnaires: the Subjective Happiness Questionnaire (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999) and the Global Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (Schwartz & Strack, 1991). In addition, some demographic data was collected, and a brief interview was conducted in which the participants described their relationship with the child. Parents of children with autism reported lower quality of parent-child relationship as well as higher levels o f stress and lower levels o f well-being as compared with parents of typically developing children. Parent-child relationship quality was associated with well-being in the sample of parents
Mechanisms of Shear-induced Platelet Adhesion and Aggregation

The complex series of events that determines the occurrence of a normal henlostatic response includes chemical reactions that involve cells. the vessel wall and molecules in solution and is influenced by the flow of blood. In a vessel, the velocity of blood near the wall is lo\ver than towards the center: this difference creates a shearing effect between adjacent layers of fluid moving at different speeds. Thus, "shear" is the consequence of the relative parallel motion between adjacent fluid planes during flow: it is greatest near the vessel wall and decreases progressi\rely towards the center of the vessel. The local shear rate is expressed in cmlsec per cm. or the equivalent inverse seconds (s-l). Fluid shear stress is the force per unit area that can be viewed as the underlying cause of the shearing motion of blood. The shear rate is directly proportional to the shear stress and inversely proportional to the viscosity of the fluid (Fig. 1).
Improving program productivity, performance and portability through a high level language for graphics and game development

Our work focuses on the area of using a high level language to improve program productivity, performance and portability. In general, this has been an area of intense research. There are a number of previous efforts including ZPL [Chamberlain and et al 2004], X10/Fortress/Chapel from IBM/SUN/Cray [Weiland 2007], Intel's CT/RapidMind [McCool 2006] and parallel VSIPL++ [Lebak and et al 2005] to name a few. However, while these languages do great things in simplifying parallel implementation of code, extensions beyond that are limited. The primary exception to this is VSIPL++ which implements several high level functions useful to the signal processing community. While most of these languages can be used to implement graphics or game related algorithms if necessary, none of them attempt to provide a platform that makes such development particularly easy. On the other hand, high level engines such as Renderman and Unreal provide the wanted abstractions but with little or no guarantees about extensibility, portability, or parallel performance. Our research focuses on adapting the parallel VSIPL++ API from the signal processing community to the graphics and game development environment.
Nicotine dependence in US military veterans: results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study

Abstract Background: Veterans are a unique population that may be at increased risk of tobacco use disorder and nicotine dependence (ND). We analyzed data from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (NHRVS), a large nationally representative sample of US veterans, in order to more fully understand the prevalence and correlates of lifetime ND in US Veterans. Methods: Descriptive statistics were conducted to summarize health and functioning/quality of life characteristics among veterans with and without lifetime ND. Hierarchical binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the relationship between ND and psychiatric and physical health variables. Results: Compared with veterans without lifetime ND, veterans with lifetime ND were more likely to screen positive for several lifetime psychiatric disorders including current alcohol use disorder (odds ratio [OR] 2.79 [95% confidence interval [CI] 2.23, 3.49]), depression (OR 1.86 [1.38, 2.50]), and PTSD (OR 1.68 [1.14, 2.47]). From a medical standpoint, they were more likely to endorse having kidney disease (OR 4.18 [2.55, 6.86]), heart attack (OR 2.09 [1.51, 2.89]), and rheumatoid arthritis (1.90 [1.20, 3.00]) in addition to other conditions. They scored lower in overall physical functioning and higher in somatization symptoms. Conclusions: Veterans with lifetime ND in the NHRVS survey were more likely to have psychiatric and medical conditions and lower physical functioning compared with Veterans without lifetime ND. Veterans with lifetime ND may therefore require a comprehensive and integrated approach to care that includes attention to co-morbid illness in addition to drug addiction.
Grammatical complexity in cross-linguistic perspective

In this paper, I address theoretical and methodological issues in the cross-linguistic study of grammatical complexity. I identify two different approaches to complexity: the absolute one – complexity as an objective property of the system, and the relative one – complexity as cost/difficulty to language users. I discuss the usability of these approaches in typological studies of complexity. I then address some general problems concerning the comparison of languages in terms of overall complexity, and argue that in typological studies of complexity it is better to focus on specific domains that are comparable across languages. Next, I discuss a few general criteria for measuring complexity. Finally, I address the relationship between complexity and cross-linguistic rarity.
An algorithm for detecting heavy-truck driver fatigue from steering wheel motion

This paper is the culmination of previous work to determine if steering behavior could be used to unobtrusively detect driver fatigue. The driving performance of 17 sleep-deprived heavy-truck drivers was monitored on a closed track. Functions in the time, frequency, and phase domains were developed to quantify changes in steering wheel input. The steering-based weighting functions which correlated most strongly with independent measures of driver fatigue and drowsiness were used to develop a simple algorithm. The algorithm predicted fatigue for all 17 volunteer drivers before the end of their test. The algorithm identified 12 drivers before a lane breach occurred, and only two drivers were not captured until a lane breach greater than 15 cm occurred. These data and the algorithm demonstrate the potential for a steering-based fatigue detection algorithm. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD E102514.
Albumin concentration determined by the modified bromocresol purple method is superior to that by the bromocresol green method for assessing nutritional status in malnourished patients with inflammation

Background The controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score (CS), a simple score for assessing nutritional status, is calculated using laboratory data, including serum albumin concentration. Although dye-binding assays such as the bromocresol green (BCG) and modified bromocresol purple (mBCP) methods are widely used for albumin measurement, acute-phase proteins interfere with the BCG method. Objective We aimed to determine whether the choice of albumin assay affects assessment of nutritional status using CONUT scores (CSs). Design We measured serum albumin concentrations by the BCG (ALBBCG) and mBCP (ALBmBCP) methods in 44 malnourished inpatients, 27 of whom underwent nutritional intervention, and compared them to 30 age-matched healthy volunteers. In treated patients, CSs were calculated by ALBBCG (CS-BCG) and ALBmBCP (CS-mBCP). Results C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were positively correlated with the difference between ALBBCG and ALBmBCP in malnourished inpatients (r = 0.59, p < 0.001). CS-BCG was always lower than CS-mBCP (lower CS indicates superior nutritional status) in treated patients with persistently high CRP levels. However, in patients whose CRP decreased gradually, this difference diminished over the clinical course. CS-BCG and CS-mBCP were similar throughout their courses in patients with normal CRP concentrations. Adding haptoglobin to the human albumin solutions increased ALBBCG in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions The choice of albumin assay affected the assessment of nutritional status using CSs in patients with inflammation. We recommend that the modified BCP assay be used to assess nutritional status, particularly in patients with inflammation.
Diethyl[N-(3-methoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene)-N′-(oxidomethylene)hydrazine-κ3 O,N,O′]tin(IV)

In the molecule of the title compound, [Sn(C2H5)2(C9H8N2O3)], the Sn atom is five-coordinated in a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal configuration by two O and one N atoms of the tridentate Schiff base ligand in the equatorial plane, and by two C atoms of ethyl groups in the axial positions. In the crystal structure, intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into centrosymmetric dimers.
Sedation and Dissociative Anaesthesia in the Horse Physiological and Clinical aspects

Marntell S. 2004. Sedation and dissociative anaesthesia in the horse. Physiological and clinical aspects. Doctoral dissertation. The overall aim of this investigation was to study the effects of different drug combinations for premedication and dissociative anaesthesia, to examine their suitability for field conditions and their ability to maintain cardiorespiratory function and provide sufficient analgesia for common, but challenging procedures such as castration. Haemodynamic parameters, pulmonary ventilation-perfusion relationships, and clinical effects were studied during sedation and dissociative anaesthesia. The effects of additional premedication and prolongation of dissociative anaesthesia and response to surgery were evaluated. The cardiorespiratory effects of romifidine and tiletamine-zolazepam anaesthesia did not differ significantly from those of prolonged romifidine and ketamine anaesthesia. Prolongation of anaesthesia with ketamine alone after romifidine/ketamine resulted in a poor quality of anaesthesia. There was a decrease in arterial oxygenation during sedation with α2-agonists, which was mainly attributed to a reduced cardiac output and increased ventilation-perfusion mismatch. During dissociative anaesthesia the cardiac output did normalise, but arterial oxygenation was further impaired as a result of increased intrapulmonary shunt and increased ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Administration of acepromazine before sedation with romifidine and butorphanol resulted in better maintenance of circulation and partly prevented the anaesthesia-induced ventilation-perfusion disturbances and fall in arterial oxygen tension. Although the arterial oxygenation was further impaired during anaesthesia and recumbency compared to that during sedation, the oxygen delivery did not decrease further. On the contrary, the arterial-mixed venous oxygen content difference and mixed venous oxygen tension remained closer to standing unsedated values during anaesthesia than in the sedated horse. Breathing high oxygen concentrations (>95% oxygen) during dissociative anaesthesia improved arterial oxygenation compared to air breathing (21% oxygen), but concomitantly increased intrapulmonary shunt and introduced hypoventilation. The intrapulmonary shunt created during anaesthesia with high oxygen concentrations persisted when the horses returned to air breathing, possibly indicating that resorption atelectasis produced during high oxygen breathing subsequently persisted during anaesthesia and recumbency. Tiletamine-zolazepam anaesthesia, after premedication with acepromazine, romifidine and butorphanol, produced anaesthesia and analgesia sufficient for castration of colts under field conditions. When the same regimen was used in the animal hospital there was a need for supplementary anaesthesia in some cases to complete surgery. The induction, anaesthesia and recovery were calm and without excitation in all colts both under hospital and field conditions. Cardiorespiratory changes during air breathing were within acceptable limits in these clinically healthy horses.
(–)Gossypol and its combination with imatinib induce apoptosis in human chronic myeloid leukemic cells

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the presence of chimeric protein BCR-ABL associated with high tyrosine kinase (TK) activity, which leads to cell tumorogenicity, resistance to apoptosis, and differentiation. Gossypol is a natural polyphenolic compound isolated from cottonseed and has antiproliferative activity in a variety of cancer cell lines. (–)Gossypol is proved the potent component. Here we examined the growth inhibitory effect of (–)gossypol and its combination with imatinib in K562 cells. (–)Gossypol inhibited cell growth, promoted apoptosis, induced ΔΨm loss, and cytochrome C release. Furthermore, (–)gossypol had a synergistic inhibitory effect on growth in K562 cells when combined with imatinib. Enhanced apoptosis, cytochrome C release, and caspase 3 cleavage as well as noticeable decrease of Mcl-1 and Bcl-XL were observed in K562 cells treated with both (–)gossypol and imatinib. These results suggest that (–)gossypol induced apoptosis in K562 cells through a mitochondria pathway and that the combination of imatinib and (–)gossypol might be an effective treatment for CML.
Réponse du grain de blé à la nutrition azotée et soufrée : étude intégrative des mécanismes moléculaires mis en jeu au cours du développement du grain par des analyses -omiques

L’augmentation des rendements est un enjeu majeur chez les cereales. Dans cet objectif, il est necessaire de maintenir la qualite du grain de ble, qui est principalement determinee par sa teneur et sa composition en proteines de reserve. En effet, une forte relation negative existe entre le rendement et la teneur en proteines. Par ailleurs, la qualite du grain est fortement influencee par la disponibilite en azote et en soufre dans le sol. La limitation des apports d’intrants azotes a la culture et la carence en soufre recemment observee dans les sols representent ainsi des difficultes supplementaires pour maitriser cette qualite. Une meilleure connaissance des mecanismes moleculaires impliques dans le controle du developpement du grain et la mise en place de ses reserves proteiques en reponse a la nutrition azotee et soufree est donc primordiale. L’objectif de cette these a ainsi ete d’apporter de nouveaux elements a la comprehension de ces processus de regulation, aujourd’hui peu connus. Pour cela, les approches -omiques sont apparues comme une strategie de choix pour identifier les acteurs moleculaires mis en jeu. Le proteome nucleaire a ete une cible importante dans les travaux menes. L’etude de ces proteines nucleaires a revele certains regulateurs transcriptionnels qui pourraient etre impliques dans le controle de la mise en place des reserves du grain. Dans une approche combinant des donnees de proteomique, transcriptomique et metabolomique, une vision integrative de la reponse du grain a la nutrition azotee et soufree a ete obtenue. L’importance d’un apport de soufre dans le controle de la balance azote/soufre du grain, determinante pour la composition du grain en proteines de reserve, a ete clairement verifiee. Parmi les changements observes au niveau du metabolisme cellulaire, certains des genes affectes par la modification de cette balance pourraient orchestrer l’ajustement de la composition du grain face a des situations de carences nutritionnelles. Ces nouvelles connaissances devraient permettre de mieux maitriser la qualite du grain de ble dans un contexte d’agriculture durable.
Early vocabulary development in children with bilateral cochlear implants.

BACKGROUND Children with unilateral cochlear implants (CIs) may have delayed vocabulary development for an extended period after implantation. Bilateral cochlear implantation is reported to be associated with improved sound localization and enhanced speech perception in noise. This study proposed that bilateral implantation might also promote early vocabulary development. Knowledge regarding vocabulary growth and composition in children with bilateral CIs and factors associated with it may lead to improvements in the content of early speech and language intervention and family counselling. AIMS To analyse the growth of early vocabulary and its composition during the first year after CI activation and to investigate factors associated with vocabulary growth. METHODS & PROCEDURES The participants were 20 children with bilateral CIs (12 boys; eight girls; mean age at CI activation = 12.9 months). Vocabulary size was assessed with the Finnish version of the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories (CDI) Infant Form and compared with normative data. Vocabulary composition was analysed in relation to vocabulary size. Growth curve modelling was implemented using a linear mixed model to analyse the effects of the following variables on early vocabulary growth: time, gender, maternal education, residual hearing with hearing aids, age at first hearing aid fitting and age at CI activation. OUTCOMES & RESULTS Despite clear vocabulary growth over time, children with bilateral CIs lagged behind their age norms in receptive vocabulary during the first 12 months after CI activation. In expressive vocabulary, 35% of the children were able to catch up with their age norms, but 55% of the children lagged behind them. In receptive and expressive vocabularies of 1-20 words, analysis of different semantic categories indicated that social terms constituted the highest proportion. Nouns constituted the highest proportion in vocabularies of 101-400 words. The proportion of verbs remained below 20% and the proportion of function words and adjectives remained below 10% in the vocabularies of 1-400 words. There was a significant main effect of time, gender, maternal education and residual hearing with hearing aids before implantation on early receptive vocabulary growth. Time and residual hearing with hearing aids had a significant main effect also on expressive vocabulary growth. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS Vocabulary development of children with bilateral CIs may be delayed. Thus, early vocabulary development needs to be assessed carefully in order to provide children and families with timely and targeted early intervention for vocabulary acquisition.
Foraging and Prehistoric Use of High Elevations in the Western Great Basin: Evidence from Seed Assemblages at Midway (CA-MNO-2196), California

Artifacts, features, and faunal remains indicate that the use of high-elevation resources in the Great Basin increased with theestablishmentofalpinevillagesafterA.D. 600.Villagesareseenaspartofaregionalintensi cationresultinginmore diverse diets utilizing greater amounts of low-return resources. Seeds from the Midway site in the White Mountains show that the duration of occupation increased during village times. However, there was no relative increase at Midway in low-return plant foods (small seeds), nor any change in seed assemblage diversity once sample size was controlled for. Evidence also shows that people were not primarily using local alpine plants, but were transporting ricegrass and pine nuts from lower elevations. Floral evidence, paired with faunal data, points to a population increase resulting in resource depression and falling average return rates as the reason for the establishment of alpine villages.
Enhancement of the Prolactin Response to d-Fenfluramine in Drug-Naive Schizophrenic Patients

Background We wished to investigate central serotonergic function in untreated schizophrenia. Method Thirteen drug-naive, DSM–III–R schizophrenic patients were compared with sex, race, age, weight and menstrual phase matched controls. Plasma prolactin and cortisol responses to a specific serotonergic probe, d-fenfluramine, were measured along with BPRS ratings. Results Prolactin responses were enhanced in schizophrenic patients compared to controls (P < 0.05) and were correlated positively with BPRS items for depression, anxiety and guilt. Baseline cortisol was also raised in those with schizophrenia (P < 0.001). Conclusions Central serotonergic tone may be raised in acute, drug-naive schizophrenia and may be associated with the presence of affective symptomatology.
Multiscale Information Theory and the Marginal Utility of Information

Complex systems display behavior at a range of scales. Large-scale behaviors can emerge from the correlated or dependent behavior of individual small-scale components. To capture this observation in a rigorous and general way, we introduce a formalism for multiscale information theory. Dependent behavior among system components results in overlapping or shared information. A system’s structure is revealed in the sharing of information across the system’s dependencies, each of which has an associated scale. Counting information according to its scale yields the quantity of scale-weighted information, which is conserved when a system is reorganized. In the interest of flexibility we allow information to be quantified using any function that satisfies two basic axioms. Shannon information and vector space dimension are examples. We discuss two quantitative indices that summarize system structure: an existing index, the complexity profile, and a new index, the marginal utility of information. Using simple examples, we show how these indices capture the multiscale structure of complex systems in a quantitative way.