Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulated Phase-dependent Spectra of Terrestrial Aquaplanets in M Dwarf Systems

Orbital phase-dependent variations in thermal emission and reflected stellar energy spectra can provide meaningful constraints on the climate states of terrestrial extrasolar planets orbiting M dwarf stars. Spatial distributions of water vapor, clouds, and surface ice are controlled by climate. In turn, water, in each of its thermodynamic phases, imposes significant modulations to thermal and reflected planetary spectra. Here we explore these characteristic spectral signals, based on 3D climate simulations of Earth-sized aquaplanets orbiting M dwarf stars near the habitable zone. By using 3D models, we can self-consistently predict surface temperatures and the location of water vapor, clouds, and surface ice in the climate system. Habitable zone planets in M dwarf systems are expected to be in synchronous rotation with their host star and thus present distinct differences in emitted and reflected energy fluxes depending on the observed hemisphere. Here we illustrate that icy, temperate, and incipient runaway greenhouse climate states exhibit phase-dependent spectral signals that enable their characterization.
Automated Keyword Generation in the Public Radio Sector using Word Embeddings

Public broadcasters find themselves in a difficult situation when it comes to digital transformation. In more and more use cases, metadata is needed, e.g. to allow radio editors to search for content pieces, to provide short summaries of items in the media library, to set up content-based recommendation services for listeners, to allow users to browse by categories or tags, or to optimize content for search engines on the internet. Public broadcasters are in need of proper metadata to survive the digital transformation and to offer new and timely services.
3D-RelNet: Joint Object and Relational Network for 3D Prediction

We propose an approach to predict the 3D shape and pose for the objects present in a scene. Existing learning based methods that pursue this goal make independent predictions per object, and do not leverage the relationships amongst them. We argue that reasoning about these relationships is crucial, and present an approach to incorporate these in a 3D prediction framework. In addition to independent per-object predictions, we predict pairwise relations in the form of relative 3D pose, and demonstrate that these can be easily incorporated to improve object level estimates. We report performance across different datasets (SUNCG, NYUv2), and show that our approach significantly improves over independent prediction approaches while also outperforming alternate implicit reasoning methods.
Defect-induced magnetism and Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states in twisted bilayer graphene

Atomic defects have a significant impact in the low-energy properties of graphene systems. By means of first-principles calculations and tight-binding models we provide evidence that chemical impurities modify both the normal and the superconducting states of twisted bilayer graphene. A single hydrogen atom attached to the bilayer surface yields a triple-point crossing, whereas self-doping and three-fold symmetry-breaking are created by a vacant site. Both types of defects lead to time-reversal symmetry-breaking and the creation of local magnetic moments. Hydrogen-induced magnetism is found to exist also at the doping levels where superconductivity appears in magic angle graphene superlattices. As a result, the coexistence of superconducting order and defect-induced magnetism yields in-gap Yu-Shiba-Rusinov excitations in magic angle twisted bilayer graphene.
Expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Her-2/ neu in primary and extra-corporeal endometrial cancer.

OBJECTIVE To compare immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and Her-2/neu in the primary tumors of endometrial cancer (EMC) and their extra-corporeal lesions. METHODS Paraffin-embedded tissues of the primary and extra-corporeal tumors of EMC were retrieved for IHC study. Expression of ER, PR, and Her-2/ neu in the primary tumors and extra-corporeal lesions were compared. RESULTS From 72 EMC patients with 87 extra-corporeal lesions, positive PR expression was significantly lower in the extra-corporeal lesions than that in the primary sites: 42.5% vs. 63.9%, respectively (p=0.007). No statistically significant differences of ER and Her-2/ neu expressions in the extra-corporeal and the primary sites were found: 42.5% and 55.6% for ER (p=0.102) and 20.7% vs. 13.9% for Her-2/ neu (p=0.262), respectively. The expression of extra-corporeal lesions were concordant to the primary tumor in 65.5% of ER (k=0.319), 71.2% of PR (k=0.445), and 83.9% of Her-2/ neu (k=0.413). From 15 cases wherein IHC from two extra-corporeal sites were studied, 73% had concordant ER expression between the two extra-corporeal lesions (k=0.412) while 93.3% had concordant PR and concordant Her-2/ neu expression (k=0.842 for PR and 0.634 for Her-2/ neu). CONCLUSION PR expression was significantly higher in the primary tumors than the extra-corporeal sites. Higher ER and lower Her-2/ neu expressions in the primary tumors were also observed but the differences were not significant. The tumors heterogeneity suggests it may be important to study tumor tissues from both primary and extra-corporeal sites when planning treatment, especially by hormonal or targeted therapies.
Educational Games as a Motivational Tool: Considerations on their Potential and Limitations

There is considerable interest in leveraging video games to support students’ motivation. This involves employment of educational (serious) and entertainment games. However, while evidence indicates that games can enhance learning outcomes, doubts persist about whether they retain their enjoyable character in formal learning contexts. This study was carried out within the H2020 Gaming Horizons project, which involved a review of academic literature on the role of games in society, as well as 73 semi-structured interviews with relevant stakeholders, including players and educators, investigating their positions on game-related issues. The interviews suggested that players tend to view game-based learning – and specifically serious games at school – with scepticism. This is partly attributable to the perception that serious games have lower production values than entertainment games, and that gaming, as a voluntary, self-driven activity, clashes with the structured nature of school. Some educators reported individual and gender differences in the motivating power of games. However, the use of entertainment games to foster learning outcomes was seen favourably. Two focus groups devoted to the issue highlighted the need for carefully tailoring the gaming experience to both context and student, and the importance of developing a sustainable business model for enhancing serious games quality.
The Paradox of Perceived and Actual Performance and a Typology of Mobile Network Users

From an information and communication technology (ICT) point of view, the question whether actual, measurable performance of ICT can alter customer satisfaction and continuance intention is not accounted for sufficiently in previous research. Companies align their budgets according to successful operational outcomes. In accordance, the technology related departments are often blamed when targets are not met, and lack evidence for influencing outcomes. Therefore, this research proposes a variation of Expectation Confirmation Theory by integrating Herzberg’s (1966) Two-Factor Theory to account for measurable operational ICT performance as hygiene factor as well as perceived performance as motivational factor in the satisfaction and continuance intention discussion. We examine this theoretical advancement by investigating the use case of a German mobile network operator. Findings suggest that actual network performance in terms of call failures negatively contributes to perceived performance, but not to satisfaction. To account for this striking result, we propose a typology of users derived from a two-step cluster analysis. Our proposed typology of users shows different levels of sensitivity to network issues and that call failures, rather than problems with data connections, can lead to dissatisfaction with a mobile network.
Resistance to fracture of three all-ceramic systems.

All-ceramic restorations have become an attractive alternative to porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns, but their strength is still an important issue. The purpose of this study was to compare the in vitro fracture resistance of three all-ceramic systems: IPS Empress, In-Ceram, and Procera AllCeram. Thirty dies were replicated from a master die using high filler resin with a modulus of elasticity similar to dentin. Ten cores each of In-Ceram and Procera were fabricated to a thickness of 0.5 mm. The remaining porcelain was applied using a sculpting device to produce a crown with a final thickness of 1.0 mm axially and 2.5 mm occlusally. Ten IPS Empress crowns were mixed to the same dimensions and were pressed by the manufacturer. The internal surfaces of all the crowns were etched and silanated prior to cementation with a resin cement (Panavia 21). The cemented samples were loaded in an Instron machine until fracture. The mean fracture loads were: IPS Empress, 222.45 (+/- 49) kg; In-Ceram, 218.8 (+/- 36) kg; Procera AllCeram, 194.20 (+/- 37) kg. Tukey's test showed no statistically significant differences among the three all-ceramic systems at p < . 05.
Measurement of Radon Concentration and the Effective Dose Rate in the Soil of the City of Karbala, Iraq

In this study, we used the can technique, containing CR-39, to estimate the radon concentration from the soils in Karbala city, Karbala governorate, Iraq, radon concentrations and effective dose rate in soil have been measured by using a long-term technique for alpha particle emission with solid state nuclear track detector type CR-39. It has been selected fifty-five different locations for soil houses in the city of Karbala. One detector was buried in the garden of each selected house at 50 cm depth. The results showed variable values for concentrations of radon gas and the effective dose rate, the concentrations of radon ranged from (0.05∓0.02 to 7.80∓3.53 kBq/m with a mean value of 2.87kBq/m and a standard deviation of 1.80 kBq/m. The annual effective dose values varied from (0.23 to 34.74 mSv/y with a mean value of 12.80 mSv/y and a standard deviation of 8.03mSv/y. These results were compared with the local and global results.
Morphological characterization of the renal vein in pigs (Sus domesticus): Differential analysis with the human renal veins

Despite its importance as an experimental model, information about the morphology of the renal vein (RV) is scarce and limited to qualitative descriptions. The objective of this investigation was to determine the morphological characteristics of the RV and its tributaries in pigs (Sus domesticus). We studied 93 pairs of kidneys of pigs destined to slaughter. This descriptive study evaluated the RV and its tributaries, which were perfused with polyester resin (85% Palatal and 15% styrene). Subsequently for full corrosion pieces were subjected to infusion of KOH (potassium hydroxide) for 10 days. The RV and their tributaries were assessed for shape, trajectory and morphometry. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. A single RV was found in 93% of the specimens. The caliber of the RV was 12.8±3.05 mm. It was significantly higher on the left side (p=0.043). Length was 26.54±12.81 mm for the right RV and 37.64±13.62 mm for the left RV. The position of the RV in relation with the renal artery was cranial-ventral in 46.2% of the specimens, whereas its origin was hilar in 61.9% of the cases. The emergence of the RV from two tributary veins (pattern Ia) was the most common (76.9%). The morphological characteristics of the VR observed in this study are similar to those reported in humans, so the usefulness of this animal model in procedural applications and hemodynamics is evident.
Too Confident to Care: Investigating overconfidence in Privacy Decision Making

Labeled as the privacy calculus model, research assumes that individuals perform a rational tradeoff between benefits and privacy risks. However, growing evidence indicates that due to incomplete information and bounded rationality, individuals’ decision making is biased. Derived from behavioral economics literature, overconfidence is one of the most critical bias in decision-making and has drawn little attention in privacy research. Based on an empirical online study among 239 smartphone users, we (1) measure actual privacy knowledge with the help of a quiz and thus provide evidence that overconfidence with regard to privacy exists, as well as (2) show that overconfidence moderates the link between privacy risks and the behavioral intention to use a smartphone application. Additionally, (3) we found the presence of the Dunning-Kruger-effect in our sample with less competent individuals being more overconfident than high performers. Overall, by building on the behavioral economics literature and incorporating a cognitive bias into the privacy calculus model, we extend the privacy calculus and give insights on ambiguous decision making in the context of personal data disclosure. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.
A Local Approach to Resolution Analysis of Image Reconstruction in Tomography

We propose a novel approach to analyzing resolution of tomographic reconstruction. Instead of following a conventional approach to obtain a global accuracy estimate, we investigate how the reconstructed function $f_\epsilon$ approximates the singularities of the original object $f$. The data is a discretized 2D Radon transform of $f$. The object could be static or change with time (dynamic tomography). Suppose the step-sizes along the angular and affine variables are $O(\epsilon)$. We pick a point $\bar x_0$, where $f$ has a jump singularity, and obtain the leading singular behavior of $f_\epsilon$ in an $O(\epsilon)$-neighborhood of $\bar x_0$ as $\epsilon\to0$. It turns out that the limiting behavior of $f_\epsilon$ depends only on the data microlocally near the singularity being reconstructed. This significantly simplifies the analysis and allows us to investigate complicated settings, e.g., dynamic tomography. Also, our resolution analysis is algorithm-specific---the same approach can be used for anal.
Toward Sustainable behaviour Change: an Approach for Cyber Security Education Training and Awareness

Effective information security education, training and awareness (SETA) is essential for protecting organisational information resources. Whilst most organisations invest significantly in implementing SETA programs, the number of incidents resulting from employee noncompliance with security policy are increasing. This trend may indicate that many current SETA programs are not as effective as they should be. We argue that existing SETA programs are not optimal in changing employee behaviour to comply with security policy as they lack a theoretical base that can inform and guide the development of SETA programs. This study draws on knowledge from the medical domain on the use of theory to design an intervention to bring about sustainable behaviour change. The paper therefore adopts an intervention design process, based on the behaviour change wheel (BCW) framework, to develop a theory-informed SETA development process. The paper demonstrates the use of BCW in the analysis of the target behaviour and the selection of suitable strategies and techniques to change the target behaviour. The proposed SETA development process provides a sound basis for future empirical work including focus groups and action research.
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for patients following open surgical aortic valve replacement and transcatheter aortic valve implant: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) may be beneficial to patients following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and open surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). We aimed to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy, safety and costs of exercise-based CR post-TAVI and post-SAVR. Methods We searched numerous databases, including Embase, CENTRAL and MEDLINE, up to October 2017. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised controlled trials (non-RCTs) of exercise-based CR compared with no exercise control in TAVI or SAVR patients ≥18 years. Data extraction and risk of bias assessments were performed independently by two reviewers. Narrative synthesis and meta-analysis (where appropriate) were carried out for all relevant outcomes, and a Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) analysis was also performed. Results Six studies, all at low risk of bias, were included: three RCTs and three non-RCTs (total of 27 TAVI, 99 SAVR and 129 mixed patients), with follow-up of 2–12 months. There was an increase in pooled exercise capacity (standardised mean difference: 0.41, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.70; moderate certainty evidence as assessed by GRADE), with exercise-based rehabilitation compared with control. Data on other outcomes including quality of life and clinical events were limited. Conclusions Exercise-based CR probably improves exercise capacity of post-TAVI and post-SAVR patients in the short term. Well conducted multicentre fully powered RCTs of ≥12 months follow-up are needed to fully assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness of exercise-based CR in this patient population. PROSPERO Protocol Registration Number CRD42017084716.
Normative Minor Childhood Stress and Risk of Later Adult Psychopathology in Saudi Arabia

Chronic minor childhood stress in the form of corporal punishment predicts adult psychopathology in the United States but has not been demonstrated in a country where corporal punishment is normative. We teste d whether adult psychopathology was predicted by recalled frequency of childhood corporal punishment and recalled controllability of punishment in Saudi Arabia. Two hundred and fifty nine Saudi men with substance addictions (who for cultural reasons were a t risk for depression) completed a survey measuring: demographic variables, frequency of beating and controllability of punishment as a child, depression and borderline personality disorder symptoms (BPD). Beating frequency and punishment control were unco rrelated and unrelated to patients �
How Privacy Affects the Acceptance of Mobile Payment solutions

The rising need of mobility and convenience in payment processes has even forced traditional banking institutions to establish mobile payment (MP) applications in Germany. However, the breakthrough of this promising technology has not yet been realized. This raises the question about the negative effects of barriers, such as the companies' storage and usage of personal data resulting in consumers' privacy concerns. As research on MP calls for the integration of new models, this study aims to be the first to establish an APCO-model for the field of MP, thereby filling an essential research gap. Consequently, our model empirically validates privacy concerns and investigates its antecedents and predictive power to explain the intention to use MP systems. We additionally examined the barely studied effects of privacy concerns on risks as well as benefits. To give target-oriented recommendations, we included the theory of the diffusion of innovation and the factor “gadget loving” in our model. The results of our investigation underline the vital role of privacy concerns in the acceptance of MP and imply recommendations for the design of further research as well as an appropriate marketing communication of MP solutions.
The PhoP-PhoQ Two-Component Regulatory System of Photorhabdus luminescens Is Essential for Virulence in Insects

ABSTRACT Photorhabdus luminescens is a symbiont of entomopathogenic nematodes. Analysis of the genome sequence of this organism revealed a homologue of PhoP-PhoQ, a two-component system associated with virulence in intracellular bacterial pathogens. This organism was shown to respond to the availability of environmental magnesium. A mutant with a knockout mutation in the regulatory component of this system (phoP) had no obvious growth defect. It was, however, more motile and more sensitive to antimicrobial peptides than its wild-type parent. Remarkably, the mutation eliminated virulence in an insect model. No insect mortality was observed after injection of a large number of the phoP bacteria, while very small amounts of parental cells killed insect larvae in less than 48 h. At the molecular level, the PhoPQ system mediated Mg2+-dependent modifications in lipopolysaccharides and controlled a locus (pbgPE) required for incorporation of 4-aminoarabinose into lipid A. Mg2+-regulated gene expression of pbgP1 was absent in the mutant and was restored when phoPQ was complemented in trans. This finding highlights the essential role played by PhoPQ in the virulence of an entomopathogen.
Enthymemetic Conditionals

To model conditionals in a way that reflects their acceptability, we must include some means of making judgements about whether antecedent and consequent are meaningfully related or not. Enthymemes are non-logical arguments which do not hold up by themselves, but are acceptable through their relation to a topos, an already-known general principle or pattern for reasoning. This paper uses enthymemes and topoi as a way to model the world-knowledge behind these judgements. In doing so, it provides a reformalisation (in TTR) of enthymemes and topoi as networks rather than functions, and information state update rules for conditionals.
The Impact of Digitalization on Literacy: Digital Immigrants vs. Digital Natives

Considering the speed at which new digital technologies are evolving, this paper aims to investigate the impact of digital transformation on multiple dimensions of literacy. An empirical research using antecedent factors of adoption is conducted to investigate the relationships between factors influencing digital immigrants’ and digital natives’ intentions to use digital technology. Using survey data on 177 digital immigrants and 183 digital natives, structural equation modelling (SEM) and a novel configurational thinking method—fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA)—are applied. The results, while showing some similarities, reveal that digital immigrants and digital natives utilize digital technologies differently and their intentions to use are influenced by different factors. For instance, for digital natives, information literacy has no significant effect on intention to use, while this path is significant for digital immigrants. Moreover, fsQCA results, while supporting the SEM findings, show that there are multiple configurations of conditions leading to the outcome of interest—intention to use digital technology.
Measuring the Organizational analytical Competence: Development of a Scale

The massive growth in the amount of data that companies, organizations, and society have been compelled to deal with, reinforces the need for studies on subjects such as business intelligence, business intelligence and analytics, and big data. Although certain aspects of these themes are already established in research, there is still a lack of understanding and consensus on how to combine variables to encourage better use of data. In this study, we propose a comprehensive conceptualization of a new construct -analytical competence (ACOMP) -comprised of three dimensions grounded in the business intelligence and analytics literature and absorptive capacity theory. To properly develop the ACOMP scale, we followed a six-step procedure and collected data from 82 organizations. We validated a nomological model where the ACOMP scale was tested as an antecedent of organizational performance regarding making decisions and learning. The results of this study provide support for ACOMP as a valid and reliable scale that is useful for both academic and managerial purposes.