Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paediatric team handover: a time to learn?

AIM Paediatric team handovers provide medical professionals and students with the opportunity to exchange clinically relevant information about patients. This study explored the extent to which learning opportunities existed and were utilised within paediatric team handovers in New Zealand secondary hospitals. METHODS We undertook a qualitative, two-site case study within two paediatric departments in 2014 and 2015, and interviewed 29 participants, including medical students, junior doctors and consultants. We conducted a thematic analysis using a general inductive approach. RESULTS Participants' narratives revealed that safe transfer of pertinent patient information between clinicians was the primary function of team handover. They described learning as an additional key component. Most learning opportunities were reported to be informal and opportunistic, related to the specific patients whose care was discussed within each handover. Handover team members indicated that implicit learning occurred as a feature of their handover experience. CONCLUSIONS Learning opportunities exist within team handovers and the associated learning frequently occurs either opportunistically or implicitly. Adoption of a reflective approach to learning opportunities is likely to result in improved educational experiences for handover participants, particularly medical students and junior doctors. Handover represents a clinical event within which valuable workplace learning occurs.
A comparison between the effects of Portulaca oleracea seeds extract and valsartan on echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters in rats with levothyroxine-induced thyrotoxicosis

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of Portulaca oleracea (Po) seeds extract and those of valsartan on cardiac function in levothyroxine (T4)-treated rats. Materials and Methods: Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=10): control, levothyroxine (T4), T4 plus valsartan (T4-Val) and T4 plus hydro-alcoholic extract of the P. oleracea seeds (T4-Po). Control group received normal saline. Levothyroxine (100µg/kg/day, i.p.) was administered to three other groups for 4 weeks. Valsartan (8 mg/kg/day, orally) and Po seeds extract (400 mg/kg/day, orally) were administered during the last two weeks of treatment period. At the end of the experiment, echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters were measured and serum free T4, T3, and T4 were measured. Results: Administration of T4 for 4 weeks significantly increased serum free T4 levels in T4 group but elevations of free T4 levels in T4–Val group were not significant. Free T4 level decreased in T4–Po (p<0.01) compared to T4 group. Heart rate (HR), heart weight (HW), and left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) were significantly increased in T4 group compared to control group while these parameters in the other groups were not significantly different from those of control group. The reduction in HR, HW, and LVSP were more prominent in T4-Po group. Ejection fraction (EF) and fraction shortening (FS) were insignificantly decreased in T4 group compared to control group. Conclusion: These results showed that treatment of hyperthyroid rats with P. oleracea seeds extract was more effective than valsartan in reducing cardiac changes induced by levothyroxine.
High-Precision Interferometric Radar for Sheet Thickness Monitoring

Contactless sensing plays an important role in today’s highly automated industrial environment, as modern sensors allow for an increased product quality in high-speed manufacturing lines. Hereby, a measurement system for sheet thickness monitoring in aluminum and steel rolling mills is presented. The presented concept is based on a differential measurement principle using two cooperating six-port radar systems. The radio-frequency front ends are designed in a high-density substrate-integrated waveguide technology at a frequency of 61 GHz. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of nonideal behavior of monostatic six-port radar front ends is presented. Moreover, the measurement principle is evaluated in a simplified measurement setup and the results are compared with the previously presented theory. Finally, an overview of modern sensing technology for steel rolling mills is presented and compared with the proposed measurement system considering the important aspects, i.e., update rate, precision, and thickness limit.
An increase in LRRK2 suppresses autophagy and enhances Dectin-1–induced immunity in a mouse model of colitis

A LRRK2 inhibitor ameliorates intestinal inflammation in a mouse model of colitis. Lrrking in the shadows of colitis In new work, Takagawa et al. show that dendritic cells (DCs) from Crohn’s disease (CD) patients and lymphoblastoid cells from control patients bearing a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the LRRK2/MUC19 gene region exhibited increased LRRK2 mRNA and protein expression. Lrrk2 transgenic mice overexpressing LRRK2 compared to littermate control mice showed more severe colitis induced by the chemical DSS and increased Dectin-1–induced proinflammatory cytokine secretion driven by LRRK2 activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Membrane-associated LRRK2 inactivated Beclin-1 and consequently inhibited autophagy. Finally, the authors demonstrate that LRRK2 inhibitors decreased Dectin-1–induced TNF-α production by DCs and ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in both control and Lrrk2 transgenic mice, suggesting that LRRK2 inhibitors should be investigated further as a potential treatment for CD. The LRRK2/MUC19 gene region constitutes a high-risk genetic locus for the occurrence of both inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and Parkinson’s disease. We show that dendritic cells (DCs) from patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from patients without CD but bearing a high-risk allele (rs11564258) at this locus as heterozygotes exhibited increased LRRK2 expression in vitro. To investigate the immunological consequences of this increased LRRK2 expression, we conducted studies in transgenic mice overexpressing Lrrk2 and showed that these mice exhibited more severe colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) than did littermate control animals. This increase in colitis severity was associated with lamina propria DCs that showed increased Dectin-1–induced NF-κB activation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Colitis severity was driven by LRRK2 activation of NF-κB pathway components including the TAK1 complex and TRAF6. Next, we found that membrane-associated LRRK2 (in association with TAB2) caused inactivation of Beclin-1 and inhibition of autophagy. HCT116 colon epithelial cells lacking Beclin-1 exhibited increased LRRK2 expression compared to wild-type cells, suggesting that inhibition of autophagy potentially could augment LRRK2 proinflammatory signaling. We then showed that LRRK2 inhibitors decreased Dectin-1–induced TNF-α production by mouse DCs and ameliorated DSS-induced colitis, both in control and Lrrk2 transgenic animals. Finally, we demonstrated that LRRK2 inhibitors blocked TNF-α production by cultured DCs from patients with CD. Our findings suggest that normalization of LRRK2 activation could be a therapeutic approach for treating IBD, regardless of whether a LRRK2 risk allele is involved.
Anti-Cytokine Therapy to Attenuate Ischemic-Reperfusion Associated Brain Injury in the Perinatal Period

Perinatal brain injury is a major cause of morbidity and long-standing disability in newborns. Hypothermia is the only therapy approved to attenuate brain injury in the newborn. However, this treatment is unfortunately only partially neuroprotective and can only be used to treat hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in full term infants. Therefore, there is an urgent need for adjunctive therapeutic strategies. Post-ischemic neuro-inflammation is a crucial contributor to the evolution of brain injury in neonates and constitutes a promising therapeutic target. Recently, we demonstrated encouraging neuroprotective capacities of anti-cytokine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in an ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) model of brain injury in the ovine fetus. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the inflammatory response in the perinatal sheep brain after I/R injury and to review our recent findings regarding the beneficial effects of treatment with anti-cytokine mAbs.
Path-Level Network Transformation for Efficient Architecture Search

We introduce a new function-preserving transformation for efficient neural architecture search. This network transformation allows reusing previously trained networks and existing successful architectures that improves sample efficiency. We aim to address the limitation of current network transformation operations that can only perform layer-level architecture modifications, such as adding (pruning) filters or inserting (removing) a layer, which fails to change the topology of connection paths. Our proposed path-level transformation operations enable the meta-controller to modify the path topology of the given network while keeping the merits of reusing weights, and thus allow efficiently designing effective structures with complex path topologies like Inception models. We further propose a bidirectional tree-structured reinforcement learning meta-controller to explore a simple yet highly expressive tree-structured architecture space that can be viewed as a generalization of multi-branch architectures. We experimented on the image classification datasets with limited computational resources (about 200 GPU-hours), where we observed improved parameter efficiency and better test results (97.70% test accuracy on CIFAR-10 with 14.3M parameters and 74.6% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet in the mobile setting), demonstrating the effectiveness and transferability of our designed architectures.
Control of Rolling Disk Motion on an Arbitrary Smooth Surface

This letter studies the motion of a vertical rolling disk on an arbitrary smooth surface in ${\mathbb {R}}^{3}$ . The disk can roll without slipping about its axis and turn about the surface normal. A global formulation for the dynamics of the rolling disk is proposed without the use of local coordinates, and the model is globally defined on the manifold without singularities or ambiguities. The theoretical results are specialized for two different surfaces; a flat surface and a spherical surface. The proposed motion planning algorithm consists of three phases and each phase is a rest-to-rest maneuver, such that the rolling disk is stationary at both the start and the end of each phase. Simulation results are included that show effectiveness of the motion planning algorithm on the smooth surfaces.
Two Ways to Facial Expression Recognition? Motor and Visual Information Have Different Effects on Facial Expression Recognition

Motor-based theories of facial expression recognition propose that the visual perception of facial expression is aided by sensorimotor processes that are also used for the production of the same expression. Accordingly, sensorimotor and visual processes should provide congruent emotional information about a facial expression. Here, we report evidence that challenges this view. Specifically, the repeated execution of facial expressions has the opposite effect on the recognition of a subsequent facial expression than the repeated viewing of facial expressions. Moreover, the findings of the motor condition, but not of the visual condition, were correlated with a nonsensory condition in which participants imagined an emotional situation. These results can be well accounted for by the idea that facial expression recognition is not always mediated by motor processes but can also be recognized on visual information alone.
A study on mechanical properties of thinned single crystal silicon wafer: Effect of size and direction

In this study, effects of size and direction on mechanical properties of thinned single crystal silicon wafer are investigated by the direct tensile test. The silicon wafer is {001} and femtosecond laser patterning is used for fabricating dog-bone specimens for uniform stress distribution in gauge length. Mechanical properties of specimens with a thickness of 10, 20, 50, and 100-μm and with a direction of <110>, <320>, <210>, and <100> are measured to identify effects of size and direction, respectively. Young's modulus of thinned single crystal silicon wafer was constant while strength increased, as the thickness decreased. When the direction changed, each direction of the thinned silicon wafer has its inherent Young's modulus, and the experimental data fitted well with the theory of anisotropic elasticity.
Acute kidney injury in acute-on-chronic liver failure is different from in decompensated cirrhosis

AIM To evaluate the differences in acute kidney injury (AKI) between acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and decompensated cirrhosis (DC) patients. METHODS During the period from December 2015 to July 2017, 280 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF) and 132 patients with HBV-related DC (HBV-DC) who were admitted to our center were recruited consecutively into an observational study. Urine specimens were collected from all subjects and the levels of five urinary tubular injury biomarkers were detected,including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), interleukin-18 (IL-18), liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), cystatin C (CysC), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1). Simultaneously, the patient demographics, occurrence and progression of AKI, and response to terlipressin therapy were recorded. All patients were followed up for 3 mo or until death after enrollment. RESULTS AKI occurred in 71 and 28 of HBV-ACLF and HBV-DC patients, respectively (25.4% vs 21.2%, P = 0.358). Among all patients, the levels of four urinary biomarkers (NGAL, CysC, L-FABP, IL-18) were significantly elevated in patients with HBV-ACLF and AKI (ACLF-AKI), compared with that in patients with HBV-DC and AKI (DC-AKI) or those without AKI. There was a higher proportion of patients with AKI progression in ACLF-AKI patients than in DC-AKI patients (49.3% vs 17.9%, P = 0.013). Forty-three patients with ACLF-AKI and 19 patients with DC-AKI were treated with terlipressin. The response rate of ACLF-AKI patients was significantly lower than that of patients with DC-AKI (32.6% vs 57.9%, P = 0.018). Furthermore, patients with ACLF-AKI had the lowest 90 d survival rates among all groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION AKI in ACLF patients is more likely associated with structural kidney injury, and is more progressive, with a poorer response to terlipressin treatment and a worse prognosis than that in DC patients.
Use of SBAS corrections with local-area monitoring for railway guidance and control applications

This paper demonstrates the use of SBAS, supported by a limited number of local-area reference receivers, as the primary source of corrections and integrity verification for the use of GNSS to replace fixed transponders in the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS). The recent RHINOS project has demonstrated how a trackside network of local-area differential GNSS (LADGNSS) reference receivers can provide corrections and integrity information in areas with no SBAS coverage. However, in locations where SBAS is available and provides good coverage, it can provide corrections and integrity of similar quality when supported by a much smaller network of local reference stations, making the overall ERTMS installation more cost-effective. This SBAS-based implementation is described and compared to the existing LADGNSS-based implementation developed in RHINOS.
Linking Big Five Personality Traits to Sexuality and Sexual Health: A Meta-Analytic Review

This meta-analytic review addresses whether the major dimensions of trait personality relate to components of human sexuality. A comprehensive literature search identified 137 studies that met inclusion criteria (761 effect sizes; total n = 420,595). Pooled mean effects were computed using inverse-variance weighted random effects meta-analysis. Mean effect sizes from 100 separate meta-analyses provided evidence that personality relates to theoretically predicted components of sexuality and sexual health. Neuroticism was positively related to sexual dissatisfaction (r+ = .18), negative emotions (r+ = .42), and symptoms of sexual dysfunction (r+ = .16). Extraversion was positively related to sexual activity (r+ = .17) and risky sexual behavior (r+ = .18), and negatively related to symptoms of sexual dysfunction (r+ = −.17). Openness was positively related to homosexual orientation (r+ = .16) and liberal attitudes toward sex (r+ = .19). Agreeableness and conscientiousness were negatively related to sexually aggressive behavior (r+ = −.20; r+ = −.14) and sexual infidelity (r+ = −.18; r+ = −.17). Less robust evidence indicated that extraversion related negatively, and neuroticism positively, to child sexual abuse, and that openness related negatively to homophobic attitudes. Random effects metaregression identified age, gender, and study quality as important moderators of pooled mean effects. These findings might be of interest to health care professionals developing health care services that aim to promote sexually healthy societies.
Increased adaptability to sudden environmental change can more than make up for the two-fold cost of males

The famous “two-fold cost of sex” is really the cost of anisogamy – why should females mate with males who do not contribute resources to offspring, rather than isogamous partners who contribute equally? In typical anisogamous populations, a single very fit male can have an enormous number of offspring, far larger than is possible for any female or isogamous individual. If the sexual selection on males aligns with the natural selection on females, anisogamy thus allows much more rapid adaptation via super-successful males. We show via simulations that this effect can be sufficient to overcome the two-fold cost and favor anisogamy over isogamy in populations adapting to environmental change. The key quantity is the variance in male fitness – if this exceeds what is possible in an isogamous population, anisogamous populations can win out in direct competition by adapting faster. This advantage in adaptability is particularly effective at maintaining anisogamy against invasion by isogamy. We discuss the extensions to our simple model needed to determine how important this mechanism is to overcoming the two-fold cost in natural populations.
CULTURE EXPERIMENTS WITH A FRESHWATER CLADOCERAN , CERIODAPHNIA QUADRANGULA ( O . F . MÜLLER , 1785 ) , AS SUITABLE LIVE FOOD FOR MAYAN CICHLID ( CICHLASOMA UROPHTHALMUS GÜNTHER 1862 ) LARVAE

Farhadian, O. ; Khanjani, M. H. ; Keivany, Y. & Dorche, E. Ebrahimi 2012. Culture experiments with a freshwater cladoceran, Ceriodaphnia quadrangula (O. F. Müller, 1785), as suitable live food for mayan cichlid (Cichlasoma urophthalmus Günther 1862) larvae. Braz. J. Aquat. Sci. Technol. 16(2): 1-11. eISSN 1983-9057. Effects of five different diets of green microalgae, Scenedesmus quadricauda (S), poultry manure (P), cattle manure (C), and two mixed diet of P+C (PC) and S+P+C (SPC); and interaction effects of water temperature (20, 25, 30°C) and photoperiod (24:0, 0:24, and 12:12, hours light: hours dark) on production and growth of Ceriodaphnia quadrangula were examined separately. Then, mass cultivation of C. quadrangula and its application for rearing of an ornamental fish larva, Mayan cichlid (Cichlasoma urophthalmus) were carried out. Results showed that mean population density and specific growth rate (SGR) of C. quadrangula obtained 0.15-3.70 ind. mL-1 (150-3700 ind. mL-1) and 0.019-0.18 day-1, respectively, maximum with S diet and minimum with C diet. The better mean population density and SGR for C. quadrangula determined at interactions 25 oC with 24:0 and 12: 12, L:D, respectively, which was significantly higher than that at interactions 20 oC and 30 oC. Nutritional analyses showed that protein and lipid contents of C. quadrangula were 54% and 12.3% dry weight, respectively. The fatty acid contents of C. quadrangula were 27.3% and 63.7% of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, respectively. Among PUFAs (Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids) content, 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 were in highest level. Early cichlid larvae (5-weeks-old, 15.8 mm length and 110 mg weight) and advanced larvae (10-weeks-old, 25.6 mm length and 240 mg weight) consumed C. quadrangula at range 220–584 ind. day-1 larvae-1 and 528–1956 ind. day-1 larvae-1, respectively, as well as suitable growth and survival rate. This study demonstrated that C. quadrangula could be used as live feed purposes for larval rearing in aquaculture.
Training facilitates cognitive control on pupil dilation

Physiological responses are generally involuntary; however, real-time feedback enables, at least to a certain extent, to voluntary control automatic processes. Recently, it was demonstrated that even pupil dilation is subject to controlled interference. To address effects of training on the ability to exercise control on pupil dilation, the current study examines repeated exercise over seven successive days. Participants utilize self-induced changes in arousal to increase pupil diameter, real-time feedback was applied to evaluate and improve individual performance. We observe inter-individual differences with regard to responsiveness of the pupillary response: six of eight participants considerably increase pupil diameter already during the first session, two exhibit only slight changes, and all showed rather stable performance throughout training. There was a trend towards stronger peak amplitudes that tend to occur increasingly early across time. Hence, higher cognitive control on pupil dilations can be practiced by most users and may therefore provide an appropriate input mechanism in human-computer interaction.
Work engagement in nursing : an integrative review of the literature

ROSA GARC IA-SIERRA RN , M S c , JORDI FERN ANDEZ-CASTRO PhD 2 and FERM IN MART INEZ-ZARAGOZA PhD PhD student, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Universitat Aut onoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Research Professor, Stress and health Research Group, Department of Basic Psychology, Universitat Aut onoma de Barcelona, Barcelona and Lecturer, Department of Health Psychology, Universidad Miguel Hern andez, Elche, Spain
A large deformation frictional contact formulation using NURBS‐based isogeometric analysis

This paper focuses on the application of NURBS‐based isogeometric analysis to Coulomb frictional contact problems between deformable bodies, in the context of large deformations. A mortar‐based approach is presented to treat the contact constraints, whereby the discretization of the continuum is performed with arbitrary order NURBS, as well as C0‐continuous Lagrange polynomial elements for comparison purposes. The numerical examples show that the proposed contact formulation in conjunction with the NURBS discretization delivers accurate and robust predictions. Results of lower quality are obtained from the Lagrange discretization, as well as from a different contact formulation based on the enforcement of the contact constraints at every integration point on the contact surface. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.