Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decisional Support Algorithm for Collaborative Care Planning using the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY): A Mixed Methods Study

ABSTRACT Aims: The purpose of this study was to explore the utility of the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) for collaborative care planning with parents of children with disabilities. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed methods approach was employed to examine how community-based service providers interpret and apply PEM-CY case results to set goals and formulate care plans with parents. We used two distinct, interactive phases that included collection and summary of PEM-CY data in Phase One (quantitative) and sequential collection and analysis of interview data during Phase Two (qualitative). Twenty-three parents of children with disabilities (mean age = 10.7 years) completed the PEM-CY community section during Phase One (quan). Four PEM-CY case reports were used with seven providers who were interviewed during Phase Two (QUAL). Results: Providers identified a four-step decisional support algorithm for leveraging PEM-CY case results in care planning: (1) parent rank orders activities in which change is desired, (2) child preferences are incorporated, (3) provider clarifies parent and child goals, and (4) activity-specific supports, barriers, and strategies are identified. Conclusions: Further validation and refinement of the decisional support algorithm with parents and children when applied to PEM-CY home and school reports is discussed.
Sexual Orientation, Labour Supply and Occupational Sorting in Canada

Using five consecutive cycles of the Canadian General Social Survey covering 2010–14, the present article examines the differences in the labour supply and occupational sorting of partnered men and women by sexual orientation. Conditional on being gainfully employed, lesbians are found to have a higher labour supply than heterosexual women, even controlling for factors such as the number of children and the characteristics of the spouse. The reverse is true for gay men. The analysis of occupational structure shows that lesbians are more likely to sort into male‐dominated occupations, while the reverse is true for gay men. The findings of this article have implications for the correct interpretation of the sexual orientation related earnings gaps.
INTRAVENOUS DELIVERY OF BONE MARROW-DERIVED ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS IMPROVES SURVIVAL AND ATTENUATES LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED LUNG INJURY IN RATS

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a devastating disease, which is characterized by diffuse endothelium, epithelial damage, and increased pulmonary capillary permeability. Recent data have suggested that the circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in endothelial repair after vascular injury. This study was undertaken to investigate possible endothelial-repairing effects of EPC transplantation after LPS-induced ALI in rats. Using Y-chromosome in situ hybridization and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay, we detected the expression of sex-determining region y in the injured lungs of female model rats, suggesting that allogenic EPCs can migrate to the injured lung tissues. Rats that have received the EPC treatment had a reduced pulmonary edema level, inflammation, hemorrhage, and hyaline membrane formation, as well as an increased survival rate from 44% to 81%. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels were dramatically increased in the EPC-treated rats compared with the phosphate buffered saline-treated rats. On the contrary, endothelin-1 and iNOS were downregulated in the EPC-treated group. These findings provide evidence that i.v. EPC treatment results in engraftment of EPCs to the injured lung tissue, which can significantly attenuate lung injury and improve survival in ALI rats. The beneficial effects of EPC engraftment is likely to come from maintaining the integrity of pulmonary alveolar-capillary barrier, reestablishing the endothelial function in vessels and ameliorating the inflammatory state.
On the Heterogeneity in Family Earnings and Income Dynamics in the PSID

A large body of knowledge on income dynamics in the United States is based on data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). We find two sets of households in the PSID that differ dramatically in the dynamics of their income. Households headed by the sons of original PSID members have a highly persistent income process, whereas households headed by males who marry daughters of the original PSID members have a much less persistent income process. Using a variety of methods for identification of the persistence of income shocks, we show that these differences, albeit surprising, are highly robust.
A Study of Environmental Policies and Regulations, Governance Structures and Environmental Performance: The Role of Female Directors

This paper seeks to contribute to the existing business strategy and the environment literature by examining the effect of governance structures on environmental performance within a unique context of improving environmental governance, policies, regulations, and management. Specifically, we investigate the extent to which corporate board gender diversity, including the proportion, age, and level of education of female directors, affects environmental performance of Chinese publicly listed corporations. Using one of the largest Chinese data sets to date, consisting of a sample of 383 listed A‐shares from 2011 to 2015 (i.e., observations of 1,674), our findings are threefold. First, we find that the proportion and age of female directors have a positive effect on the overall corporate environmental performance. Second, our findings indicate that the proportion and age of female directors also have a positive effect on the three individual environmental performance components, namely, environmental (a) strategy, (b) implementation, and (c) disclosure. Finally, and by contrast, we do not find any evidence that suggests that the level of education of female directors has any impact on environmental performance, neither the overall environmental performance measure nor its individual components. Our findings have important implication for regulators and policymakers. Our evidence is robust to controlling for alternative measures, other governance and firm‐level control variables, and possible endogeneities. We interpret our findings within a multitheoretical framework that draws insights from agency, legitimacy, neo‐institutional, resource dependence, stakeholder, and tokenism theoretical perspectives.
Young Men’s Disclosure of Same Sex Behaviors to Healthcare Providers and the Impact on Health: Results from a US National Sample of Young Men Who Have Sex with Men

Abstract Many men who have sex with men (MSM) do not disclose their same sex behaviors to healthcare providers (HCPs). We used a series of logistic regression models to explore a conceptual framework that first identified predictors of disclosure to HCPs among young MSM (YMSM), and subsequently examined young men’s disclosure of male‐male sexual behaviors to HCPs as a mediator between sociodemographic and behavioral factors and three distinct health outcomes [HIV testing, sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination]. We determined the predictors of disclosure to HCPs among YMSM and examined the relationship between disclosure and the receipt of appropriate healthcare services. Data were collected online through a US national sample of 1750 YMSM (ages 18‐29 years) using a social and sexual networking website for MSM. Sexual history, STI/HIV screening history, sexual health, and patient‐provider communication were analyzed in the logistic regression models. Participants were predominantly white (75.2%) and gay/homosexual (76.7%) with at least some college education (82.7%). Young men’s disclosure of male‐male sexual behaviors to HCPs was associated with the receipt of all healthcare outcomes in our model. Disclosure was a stronger mediator in HPV vaccination than in HIV and STI testing. Disclosure to non‐HCP friends and family, HCP visit in the past year, and previous STI diagnosis were the strongest predictors of disclosure. Young men’s disclosure of male‐male sexual behaviors to HCPs is integral to the receipt of appropriate healthcare services among YMSM. HPV vaccination is more dependent on provider‐level interaction with patients than HIV/STI testing.
The Effect of Face Eccentricity on the Perception of Gaze Direction

The perception of a looker's gaze direction depends not only on iris eccentricity (the position of the looker's irises within the sclera) but also on the orientation of the lookers' head. One among several potential cues of head orientation is face eccentricity, the position of the inner features of the face (eyes, nose, mouth) within the head contour, as viewed by the observer. For natural faces this cue is confounded with many other head-orientation cues, but in schematic faces it can be studied in isolation. Salient novel illustrations of the effectiveness of face eccentricity are ‘Necker faces’, which involve equal iris eccentricities but multiple perceived gaze directions. In four experiments, iris and face eccentricity in schematic faces were manipulated, revealing strong and consistent effects of face eccentricity on perceived gaze direction, with different types of tasks. An additional experiment confirmed the ‘Mona Lisa’ effect with this type of stimuli. Face eccentricity most likely acted as a simple but robust cue of head turn. A simple computational account of combined effects of cues of eye and head turn on perceived gaze direction is presented, including a formal condition for the perception of direct gaze. An account of the ‘Mona Lisa’ effect is presented.
"Hiya-Atsu" media: augmenting digital media with temperature

Despite the development of many types of telecommunication systems, it is still hard to convey various types of information in an expressive manner to a remote partner. Our research focuses on using variations in temperature to achieve this. Hiya-Atsu-Mouse, which we developed to implement this idea, is a mouse device with thermal capabilities; the device becomes warmer or colder to the user's palm or fingertip according to the "temperature" of objects on the computer screen. This article evaluates the thermal performance of the device. The comments made by users are collected. Finally, we introduce a practical Hiya-Atsu-Mouse and describe it in operation.
Does E-government reduce corruption? Evidence from a heterogeneous panel data model

The purpose of this paper is to revisit the relationship between E-government and corruption using global panel data from 176 countries covering the period from 2003 to 2014, considering other potential determinants, such as economic prosperity (gross domestic product per capita [GDPPC]), price stability (inflation), good governance (political stability and government effectiveness) and press freedom (civil liberties and political rights) indicators. Hence, the main rationale of this study is to reexamine the conventional wisdom as to the relationship between E-government and corruption using panel data independent of any preexisting notions. ,The probability reduction approach of empirical modeling proposed by Spanos (2009) is used to test the relationship. Secondary data were collected from the United Nations, the World Bank, Transparency International and Freedom House. ,No statistical evidence was found for the idea that E-government has a positive impact on corruption reduction following a rigorous test of the proposition. However, strong evidence was found for the positive impact of a country’s government effectiveness, political stability and economic status. There also appears to be some evidence for the effect of GDPPC and civil liberties. There is no evidence to prove that inflation and political rights have any corruption reducing the effect. ,Case studies suggest that E-government is helpful for curbing corruption. This study includes and examines some of the potential and important variables associated with corruption. Further research is encouraged and it should include more variables, such as national culture, poverty, religion and geography. Regarding methodology, a more parsimonious model must be sought to take into account adequately the entire probabilistic structure of the data. ,The findings of the study demonstrate that E-government is less significant for reducing corruption compared to other factors. Hence, policymakers should further focus on other potential areas such as socio-economic factors, good governance, culture and transparency to combat corruption in addition to improving digital government. ,This research applies a new methodological approach to the study of the relationship between E-government and corruption.
Quality Assessment of Ophthalmic Questionnaires: Review and Recommendations

Purpose The aim of this article was to systematically review all the available ophthalmic patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments (questionnaires) that demonstrated interval measurement properties to identify the instruments with the highest psychometric quality for use in different eye diseases and conditions. Methods An extensive literature review was carried out to identify all existing ophthalmic PRO instruments. Instruments were then excluded if they did not have demonstrable interval measurement properties; the remaining instruments were reviewed. The quality of the following psychometric properties was assessed: content development (initial item development process), performance of the response scale, dimensionality (whether the instrument measures a single construct), measurement precision, validity (convergent, concurrent, discriminant, and known groups), reliability (test-retest), targeting (whether the items are appropriate [e.g., difficulty level] for the population), differential item functioning (whether subgroups of people respond differently to an item), and responsiveness. Results The search identified 48 PRO instruments that demonstrated interval measurement properties, and these were relevant to nine applications: glaucoma, dry eye, refractive errors, cataract, amblyopia and strabismus, macular diseases, adult low vision, children low vision, and others. These instruments were evaluated against the psychometric property quality criteria and were rated for quality based on the number of criteria met. Conclusions This review provides a descriptive catalog of ophthalmic PRO instruments to inform researchers and clinicians on the choice of the highest-quality PRO instrument suitable for their purpose.
The Influence of New Product Factors on Export Propensity and Performance: An Empirical Analysis

This study investigates the unique role of new product factors in the firm's propensity to export and its performance in exporting new products. Results from a sample of Australian firms show that product advantage, proficiency of pre development activities, and international orientation of the development process have significant positive influence on the firm's propensity to export new products. Further, the new product's domestic market performance and its impact on the sales and profitability of other products of the firm are significantly related to its export performance. A noteworthy finding is that firm factors overwhelm new product factors in explaining export performance of new products. Managerial implications of the findings are explored.
‘Ready for Take‐Off’: How Open Innovation Influences Startup Success

The formation of new ventures is among the most significant sources of technological innovation and fast economic development. Nonetheless, most attempts at starting new businesses will be unsuccessful. This study seeks to predict new venture success (‘Take‐off’) based on different factors observed in the pre‐startup phase. We apply the resource‐based view of the firm (RBV) to develop a framework synthesizing the entrepreneurship and Open Innovation (OI) literatures on new venture creation. We then assess the influence of three categories of internal resources (finance, technology, human capital) and introduce the concept of teams' ‘openness’ in the founding process as a crucial organizational capital resource shaping startup success. Drawing on a sample of 134 business plans submitted to the final round of the INTEL Global Challenge at UC Berkeley, we significantly associate ‘Take‐off’ to each category of resources. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to emphasize the relevance of teams' ability to combine and transform their initial resources through the pursuit of OI (i.e., the elaboration of organizational capital resources) in explaining startup success. Our analysis extends RBV‐based research on nascent entrepreneurship and suggests new fields of research into OI.
The effect of the canal-filled area on the bacterial leakage of oval-shaped canals.

AIM To compare the sealing ability and the canal-filled area (gutta-percha + sealer) of three current filling techniques in oval-shaped canals. METHODOLOGY A total of 50 oval-shaped root canals were prepared and root filled as follows: G1: lateral condensation (n = 10), G2: System B (n = 10) and G3: Thermafil system (n = 10). All teeth were mounted in a two-chamber apparatus and the coronal access was exposed to human saliva. The appearance of turbidity in the BHI broth over a 15-week period was observed. A cross section of each tooth was made 5 mm from the apex and the samples were prepared for microscopic analysis. Digital image measurements of the cross-sectional area and the area filled by gutta-percha and sealer were performed. Log-rank and Fisher's exact tests were used to analyse the leakage data. Student's t-test was used to analyse the filled-area data. RESULTS Overall, 30% of the specimens of G1 and G2 and 20% of G3 demonstrated leakage after 15 weeks and no significant difference was found amongst the groups (P > 0.05). The percentage of canal-filled area was 68, 70 and 78%, respectively (P > 0.05). The correlation analysis revealed no significant relation between the pattern of bacterial leakage and canal-filled area (P = 0.128). CONCLUSIONS No significant difference in apical sealing and canal-filled area in oval-shaped canals was seen between the three filling techniques. No significant correlation was found between the quality of the apical seal and the filled-area of the root canal space.
Communication disability in Fiji: Community self-help and help-seeking support

Abstract Purpose: To understand how a Fijian community supports people with communication disability (PWCD) and whether their support is associated with participant demographics. Method: Thematic analysis of 144 questionnaires that asked about participants’ actions to support a fictional child and adult with communication disability. Result: Participant responses fell into two categories: what they would do directly (self-help) and people and places where they would seek assistance (help-seeking). Self-help behaviours included: making a change to their own communication style or mode; trying to change their own and others’ behaviour; teaching new skills; praying; changing the physical environment; seeking information independently; assessing or observing; and, using traditional medicine, western medicine, or traditional belief practices. Help-seeking behaviours included seeking help from: other community members; education professionals; a professional in another country; spiritual leaders; traditional belief practitioners; traditional medicine practitioners; western health care practitioners; or, an alternative provider (e.g. home, orphanage, nursing home). Younger participants and those of iTaukei Fijian ethnicity were more likely to seek help from other community members. Conclusion: This Fijian community actively supports people with communication disability within available networks. Development of speech-language pathology services for people with communication disability living in similar communities should harness the informal knowledge within these networks.
Rethinking contact lens associated keratitis

This review presents a critical analysis of the literature relating to the use of binomial and polynomial classification schemes for categorising corneal infiltrative events (CIEs) associated with contact lens wear and the epidemiology of such events. The results of the Manchester Keratitis Study—a 12‐month, prospective, hospital‐based epidemiological study of contact lens wearers suffering from CIEs—are used as a tool to challenge and test traditional thinking in relation to contact lens associated keratitis. An innovative aspect of this study is the use of a novel clinical severity matrix to systematically score the severity of CIEs based on 10 key signs and symptoms. The ambiguities inherent in using binomial classification schemes (such as, microbial versus sterile, ulcerative versus non‐ulcerative et cetera) are highlighted. The failure of a polynomial scheme—due to extensive classification overlap between proposed sub‐types of CIEs—is demonstrated using a Venn diagram. A cartographic analysis reveals that infiltrates tend to occur in the superior cornea of patients wearing extended wear silicone hydrogel lenses, in the central cornea of patients wearing daily wear hydrogel daily disposable lenses and in the peripheral cornea of patients wearing daily wear hydrogel (excluding daily disposable) lenses. Infiltrates that occur more towards the limbus are less severe. The incidence of CIEs is higher when contact lenses are worn overnight. Logistic analysis reveals that the risk of developing a severe CIE is five times greater with conventional hydrogel extended wear versus silicone hydrogel extended wear. The male gender, smoking, a healthy eye and body, and the late Winter months are associated with an increased risk of developing CIEs. The rate of significant visual loss as a result of developing a CIE is low. Two key conclusions are drawn from this work, which represent a radical rethinking of this potentially sight‐threatening condition.
Atrial Glutathione Content, Calcium Current, and Contractility*

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by decreased L-type calcium current (ICa,L) in atrial myocytes and decreased atrial contractility. Oxidant stress and redox modulation of calcium channels are implicated in these pathologic changes. We evaluated the relationship between glutathione content (the primary cellular reducing moiety) and ICa,L in atrial specimens from AF patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Left atrial glutathione content was significantly lower in patients with either paroxysmal or persistent AF relative to control patients with no history of AF. Incubation of atrial myocytes from AF patients (but not controls) with the glutathione precursor N-acetylcysteine caused a marked increase in ICa,L. To test the hypothesis that glutathione levels were mechanistically linked with the reduction in ICa,L, dogs were treated for 48 h with buthionine sulfoximine, an inhibitor of glutathione synthesis. Buthionine sulfoximine treatment resulted in a 24% reduction in canine atrial glutathione content, a reduction in atrial contractility, and an attenuation of ICa,L in the canine atrial myocytes. Incubation of these myocytes with exogenous glutathione also restored ICa,L to normal or greater than normal levels. To probe the mechanism linking decreased glutathione levels to down-regulation of ICa, the biotin switch technique was used to evaluate S-nitrosylation of calcium channels. S-Nitrosylation was apparent in left atrial tissues from AF patients; the extent of S-nitrosylation was inversely related to tissue glutathione content. S-Nitrosylation was also detectable in HEK cells expressing recombinant human cardiac calcium channel subunits following exposure to nitrosoglutathione. S-Nitrosylation may contribute to the glutathione-sensitive attenuation of ICa,L observed in AF.