Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The economic ‘revolution’ in Melbourne's west1

Historically, Melbourne's western suburbs were known as industrial areas suffering from relative disadvantage when compared to the rest of the metropolitan area. But economic commentators have claimed that a resurgence has occurred in the west, in terms of industrial investment and employment generation, since the mid‐1990s, due to increasingly globalised economic connections which have reversed the region's previous disadvantages. This article engages with these ‘western resurgence’ claims in three ways. First, it examines the recent economic history of the western region, relative to global economic processes. Second the article examines the empirical basis for the reported recent economic resurgence in the west. Finally, the article concludes with some observations concerning regional economic development under contemporary global processes.
Dosimetric model for locoregional treatments of brain tumors with 90Y-conjugates: clinical application with 90Y-DOTATOC.

UNLABELLED Locoregional (LR) administration of (90)Y-conjugates after surgical debulking is a promising therapeutic option of gliomas. Dosimetry is highly recommended, as patient-specific parameters influence the absorbed dose to target and normal tissues. After tumor resection, the absorbed dose must be carefully evaluated in the rim of tissue surrounding the resected area. The aim of this study was to calculate and provide the S values, according to the MIRD concept, for dosimetry of LR brain treatments with several (90)Y-labeled compounds. The S values thus obtained have been clinically applied in 12 patients treated with (90)Y-labeled [DOTA(0),D-Phe(1),Tyr(3)]octreotide ((90)Y-DOTATOC). METHODS An anthropomorphic model for Monte Carlo simulations was developed to evaluate absorbed doses in brain-adjacent tissue (BAT) and in normal brain. To adapt the model to single patients, S values were evaluated taking into account (i) different surgical resection cavity (SRC) volumes, (ii) different percentages of conjugate binding to the cavity wall, and (iii) different depths of percolation of the conjugate trough the cavity wall. BAT was divided into 1-mm-thick consecutive adjacent shells to evaluate the dose distribution around the cavity. Corresponding S values were obtained to allow dosimetric evaluation in brain LR therapy with (90)Y-conjugates. In the clinical treatments, 0.4-1.1 GBq of (90)Y-DOTATOC were injected into the SRC via an appropriate catheter. The activity in the SRC was assumed to be the difference between the total injected activity and the activity in the blood plus the activity cumulatively eliminated with the urine. RESULTS Assuming no diffusion, with a mean residence time in SRC of 60 +/- 8 h, absorbed doses to shell II were 0.25 and 0.03 Gy/MBq for SRC volumes of 7.2 and 65.4 mL, respectively. Assuming a slight diffusion of 1 mm with a 7.2-mL SRC, absorbed dose to shells I, II, and VI were consistently different: 5.32, 2.53, and 0.12 Gy/MBq, respectively. Mean doses to normal brain, red marrow, bladder wall, and total body were 0.015, 0.03, 1.22, and 0.006 MGy/MBq. CONCLUSION The model proved to be suitable for the dosimetry of several LR therapies with (90)Y-conjugates. According to our results, LR treatment with (90)Y-DOTATOC can safely deliver very high doses to target tissue, sparing normal organs including brain.
Investigation of antibiotic usage pattern: A prospective drug utilization review

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the pattern of antibiotics used in the outpatient department of a government hospital, and also to suggest necessary modifications in prescribing practices to achieve rational therapeutic practices. A prospective observational study for antibiotic usage pattern was carried out for one month. The relevant data on drug prescription of each patient was collected from the outpatient card. The demographic data, disease data and the utilization of different classes of antimicrobial agents as well as individual drugs were analyzed using descriptive analysis. A total of 830 antibiotics were prescribed to 327 patients, out of them 64.5% were male and 35.5% were female. The mean for age was 47.70±19.01. The average number of drugs per prescription was 5.01±1.36 and number of antibiotics per prescription encountered was 2.53±1.18. Extensive polypharmacy (84.40%) was noticed among patients. Tablets contributed the highest proportion of drugs prescribed (51.98%), followed by injections (25.38%) and syrups (13.45%). The most commonly prescribed antibiotic was amoxicillin (18%). The common indications were fever (21.7%), diarrhea (21.1%), cough (14%) and cold (13.7%) and 78.5% of the prescribed antibiotics were present in the National List of Essential Medicines. Our study suggests that there is a considerable scope for improving prescribing pattern among the practitioners and minimizing the use of antibiotics in order to reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance of microbes. Formulation of an antibiotic policy for hospitals and by providing education to prescriber and hospital formulary is required.
Moderator Role in Green Product Purchases

Opinion polls consistently show large majorities of Americans supporting efforts to protect and improve the planet's ability to sustain life. However, when it comes to environmentally preferable products, firms attract relatively small shares compared with conventional products. The present study examined the effect intentions (Verbal Commitment - VC) , emotions (Affect - Aff) and two moderators (Perceived Consumer Effectiveness - a PCE and Faith in Others - FIO) have on purchase (Actual Commitment - AC) of environmentally preferable products. Support was found for a direct influence of intentions aided by emotions - affect (Aff) - on AC, purchasing of environmentally preferable products. PCE was also found to be a favorable moderator on actual commitment (AC), buying environmentally preferable purchases and FIO positively influenced Aff and PCE, as in a cheerleader effect. The former finding regarding PCE is consistent with other studies, while the latter finding with respect to FIO represents a possible new dimension for FIO, which previously was thought to have a negative "free-rider" or "let-others-do-it" effect on actual commitment to purchase environmentally preferable products.
Assessment of body concepts and beliefs regarding reproductive physiology.

Instruments for depicting the way rural women experience and perceive their bodies were administered in an anthropological study in Central Mexico. Body outlines were filled in or finished by the women and concepts of reproductive physiology were shown during the drawing process which showed various degrees of knowledge or accuracy. The organs most frequently drawn were the stomach, intestines, heart, liver, uterus, and lungs. Ribs were the only bones spontaneously included. The external structures most often drawn were breasts, vagina, and umbilicus. All structures were represented as circles of varying sizes except for the intestines, which were lines, and the heart, which was a valentine. Accurate placement of internal organs was unusual. When the names used for the bodily parts were elicited, the breast had 5 different terms. Multiple names were also given to the stomach, uterus, and vagina. The heart is believed to the origin of feeling and emotion and has religious as well as physical meaning. It was often thought that from 2-10 coital incidents were needed to become pregnant since it was believed that the blood of man must mix with the blood of the woman. In this type of survey it is important that the women can identify with the basic body outline; in pretesting certain figures were rejected.
Effects of Levamisole on Phagocytic Activity of Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss W.)

I s p i r U . , M . E . Yo n a r : Effects of Levamisole on Phagocytic Activity of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.). Acta Vet. Brno 2007, 76: 493-497. In this study, activation of phagocytic cells was examined in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, W.) exposed to 1, 5 and 10 µg·ml-1 concentrations of levamisole solution. For this purpose, blood samples were taken from fish on days 1, 7 and 14 of exposure. Potential killing activity was determined by measuring oxidative radical production and phagocytic activity of neutrophils and superoxide anion production of phagocytic cells against Y. ruckeri. The activity of phagocytic cells in fish exposed to each of three concentrations was found higher than that in controls and the differences were statistically significant ( p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Although no activation in oxidative radical production, phagocytes and bactericidal killing activity in fish exposed to 5 and 10 µg·ml -1 concentrations of levamisole solution was determined on day 7, it was observed that all indicators increased on day 14 of exposure. The present results suggest that the application of levamisole in fish farms could increase non-specific immunity and resistance to infection of fish and offer economics benefits. Immersion, immunization, levamisole, phagocytes, superoxide anion and Yersinia ruckeri, oxidative radical production
A kingdom's progress: Archezoa and the origin of eukaryotes

Summary The taxon Archezoa was proposed to unite a group of very odd eukaryotes that lack many of the characteristics classically associated with nucleated cells, in particular the mitochondrion. The hypothesis was that these cells diverged from other eukaryotes before these characters ever evolved, and therefore they represent ancient and primitive eukaryotic lineages. The kingdom comprised four groups: Metamonada, Microsporidia, Parabasalia, and Archamoebae. Until recently, molecular work supported their primitive status, as they consistently branched deeply in eukaryotic phylogenetic trees. However, evidence has now emerged that many Archezoa contain genes derived from the mitochondrial symbiont, revealing that they actually evolved after the mitochondrial symbiosis. In addition, some Archezoa have now been shown to have evolved more recently than previously believed, especially the Microsporidia for which considerable evidence now indicates a relationship with fungi. In summary, the mitochondrial symbiosis now appears to predate all Archezoa and perhaps all presently known eukaryotes. BioEssays 20:87‐95, 1998. r 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Soybean Ferritin Expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Modulates Iron Accumulation and Resistance to Elevated Iron Concentrations

ABSTRACT Fungi, including the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, lack ferritin and use vacuoles as iron storage organelles. This work explored how plant ferritin expression influenced baker's yeast iron metabolism. Soybean seed ferritin H1 (SFerH1) and SFerH2 genes were cloned and expressed in yeast cells. Both soybean ferritins assembled as multimeric complexes, which bound yeast intracellular iron in vivo and, consequently, induced the activation of the genes expressed during iron scarcity. Soybean ferritin protected yeast cells that lacked the Ccc1 vacuolar iron detoxification transporter from toxic iron levels by reducing cellular oxidation, thus allowing growth at high iron concentrations. Interestingly, when simultaneously expressed in ccc1Δ cells, SFerH1 and SFerH2 assembled as heteropolymers, which further increased iron resistance and reduced the oxidative stress produced by excess iron compared to ferritin homopolymer complexes. Finally, soybean ferritin expression led to increased iron accumulation in both wild-type and ccc1Δ yeast cells at certain environmental iron concentrations. IMPORTANCE Iron deficiency is a worldwide nutritional disorder to which women and children are especially vulnerable. A common strategy to combat iron deficiency consists of dietary supplementation with inorganic iron salts, whose bioavailability is very low. Iron-enriched yeasts and cereals are alternative strategies to diminish iron deficiency. Animals and plants possess large ferritin complexes that accumulate, detoxify, or buffer excess cellular iron. However, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacks ferritin and uses vacuoles as iron storage organelles. Here, we explored how soybean ferritin expression influenced yeast iron metabolism, confirming that yeasts that express soybean seed ferritin could be explored as a novel strategy to increase dietary iron absorption.
The use of polarization controllers in microwave photonic filters based on cascaded Hi-Bi fibers

Cascaded Hi-Bi fibers have been used to realize tunable microwave photonic filters in a simple way. We demonstrate in this paper that in such structures, the filter response is sensitive to the optical carrier wavelength. This means that a tunable laser as the optical source may be necessary to achieve the desired filter response. However, we show here that polarization controllers introduced in the filter structure can be used to stabilize the filter response against variation in the optical carrier wavelength. With this modification, even with a fixed-wavelength laser source one can achieve the desired filter response.
Bacteriophage K20 requires both the OmpF porin and lipopolysaccharide for receptor function

Mutations which prevent absorption of the bacteriophage K20 to Escherichia coli K-12 were selected by using an altered OmpF protein which confers the ability to grow on maltodextrin in the absence of the LamB maltoporin. The mutations map in the rfa gene cluster and alter the structure of the lipopolysaccharide core.
Phase III study of doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide with concomitant versus sequential docetaxel as adjuvant treatment in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-normal, node-positive breast cancer: BCIRG-005 trial.

PURPOSE Anthracyclines, taxanes, and alkylating agents are among the most active agents in treatment of adjuvant breast cancer (BC), but the optimal schedule for their administration is unknown. We performed an adjuvant trial to compare the sequential regimen of doxorubicin with cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by docetaxel (ie, AC>T) with the combination regimen of TAC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Women with node-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-nonamplified, operable BC were stratified by number of axillary nodes and hormone receptor status and were randomly assigned to adjuvant chemotherapy with six cycles of TAC (75/50/500 mg/m² every 3 weeks) or four cycles of AC (60/600 mg/m² every 3 weeks) followed by four doses of docetaxel at 100 mg/m² every 3 weeks (AC>T). After completion of chemotherapy, radiation therapy was given as indicated, and patients with hormone receptor (HR) -positive disease received adjuvant hormonal therapy with tamoxifen and/or aromatase inhibitors. RESULTS In 30 months, 3,298 patients were enrolled (n = 1,649 in each arm). The major baseline characteristics were well balanced between the groups. At a median follow-up of 65 months, estimated 5-year disease-free survival rates were 79% in both groups (log-rank P = .98; hazard ratio [HR], 1.0; 95%CI, 0.86 to 1.16), and 5-year overall survival rates for both arms were 88% and 89%, respectively (log-rank P = .37; HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.75 to 1.11). TAC was associated with more febrile neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, and AC>T was associated with more sensory neuropathy, nail changes, and myalgia. The incidence of neutropenic infection was similar in both groups. CONCLUSION The sequential and combination regimens incorporating three drugs were equally effective but differed in toxicity profile.
State Dependence in the Finance-growth Nexus: A Functional Coefficient Approach

Noting that 'one size does not fit all' in the case of the finance-growth (FG) nexus, a growing body of literature has recently focused on uncovering economic conditions under which financial development could be beneficial (detrimental) to economic development. We look into these conditions by means of a flexible semiparametric approach which allows the long-run FG nexus to depend on measurable economic states. Using annual data for 74 economies spanning the period 1975-2005, we find that the level of financial development shows a strong positive impact on the FG nexus. Moreover, although the impact of finance on growth is generally higher in high-income economies, allowing for intra-group variations reveals scenarios where the impact could be higher in low-income economies. However, the FG link could also be negative if low- and lower-middle-income economies have very large governments or are extremely open to international trade.
Arginine Methylation of the RGG Box Does Not Appear To Regulate ICP27 Import during Herpes Simplex Virus Infection

ABSTRACT Arginine methylation can regulate protein import and export and can modulate protein interactions. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) ICP27 is a shuttling protein involved in viral mRNA export. We previously reported that ICP27 is methylated on three arginines within its RGG box and that arginine methylation regulates ICP27 export and its interaction with SRPK1 and Aly/REF. Here, we report that ICP27 was efficiently imported into the nucleus when hypomethylated as determined by Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP). Furthermore, coimmunoprecipitation of ICP27 with β-importin was not significantly affected by ICP27 hypomethylation. Thus, ICP27 import does not appear to be regulated by arginine methylation.
Peptide Selectivity of the Proton-Coupled Oligopeptide Transporter from Neisseria meningitidis

Peptide transport in living organisms is facilitated by either primary transport, hydrolysis of ATP, or secondary transport, cotransport of protons. In this study, we focused on investigating the ligand specificity of the Neisseria meningitidis proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter (NmPOT). It has been shown that the gene encoding this transporter is upregulated during infection. NmPOT conformed to the typical chain length preference as observed in prototypical transporters of this family. In contrast to prototypical transporters, it was unable to accommodate a positively charged peptide residue at the C-terminus position of the substrate peptide. Sequence analysis of the active site of NmPOT displayed a distinctive aromatic patch, which has not been observed in any other transporters from this family. This aromatic patch may be involved in providing NmPOT with its atypical preferences. This study provides important novel information towards understanding how these transporters recognize their substrates.
The value of infracranial nonmetric variation in studies of modern Homo sapiens: an Australian focus.

The value of quantitative infracranial nonmetric variation is examined in the study of population relationships by using samples from populations originating from five major geographic regions: Australia (two populations), Africa, East Asia, Europe, and Polynesia. According to the nonspecificity hypothesis, there are no distinct large classes of genes affecting one group of attributes exclusively; thus infracranial nonmetric traits should compare with other osteologic data sets in addressing questions of population relationships. By using the mean measure of divergence, infracranial nonmetric traits are shown to be useful in separating populations, particularly when using female and pooled-sex samples. The two Australian female samples (New South Wales coastal Australian and South Australian Aboriginals) are shown to be closer than any other two samples. The picture of intrapopulation and interpopulation variation in infracranial nonmetric traits is extended and clarified. Distance studies with infracranial nonmetric traits are possible but more illuminating if the sexes are first separated. Infracranial nonmetric variation does extend the knowledge of human population studies in yielding biologically meaningful results relating to development and ontogeny.
Polymyalgia rheumatica: 125 years of epidemiological progress?

Objectives On the 125th anniversary of the first recognised publication on polymyalgia rheumatica, a review of the literature was undertaken to assess what progress has been made from the point of view of the epidemiology of this disease and whether such studies have advanced our knowledge of its aetiopathogenesis and management. Methods The authors searched Medline and PubMed using the search terms ‘polymyalgia rheumatica’, ‘giant cell arteritis’ and ‘temporal arteritis’. As much as possible, efforts were made to focus on studies where polymyalgia and giant cell arteritis were treated as separate entities. The selection of articles was influenced by the authors’ bias that polymyalgia rheumatica is a separate clinical condition from giant cell arteritis and that, as yet, the diagnosis is a clinical one. Results This review has shown that, following the recognition of polymyalgia as a distinct clinical problem of the elderly, the results of a considerable amount of research efforts investigating the populations susceptible, the geographic distribution of these affected populations and the associated sociological and genetic elements that might contribute to its occurrence, polymyalgia rheumatica remains a difficult problem for the public health services of the developed world. Conclusions Polymyalgia rheumatica remains a clinical enigma and its relationship to giant cell arteritis is no clearer now than it has been for the past 125 years. Diagnosing this disease is still almost exclusively dependent on the clinical acumen of a patient’s medical attendant. Until an objective method of identifying it clearly in the clinical setting is available, uncovering the aetiology is still unlikely. Until then, clear guidelines on the future incidence and prevalence of polymyalgia rheumatica and the public health problems of the disease and its management, especially in relation to the use of long term corticosteroids, will be difficult to provide.
Role of amniotic membrane graft for ocular chemical and thermal injuries.

PURPOSE To evaluate the results of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for ocular surface reconstruction in chemical and thermal injuries. METHODS Retrospective review of case records of patients who had undergone AMT for chemical injuries (January 1998 to May 2001). RESULTS Seventy two eyes of 69 patients were studied of which 24 were acute cases (median-2 days, range, 1-20 days) and 48 were chronic cases (median-12.4 months, range, 1.02-95.8 months). Mean age was 22.4 years (SD +/- 13.34 years) and average follow up duration was 7.8 months (SD +/- 7.1). Main clinical findings were symblephara (52.8%), corneal vascularization (51.3%), conjunctivalization (45.8%), Limbal ischemia (45.8%), Limbal stem cell deficiency (55.5%) and epithelial defect (48.6%). 18 cases were due to acid injuries (5 acute, 13 chronic), 52 were due to alkali (18 acute and 34 chronic) and 2 cases were due to thermal burns (1 each acute and chronic). Overall success rate was 87.5% in acute cases and 72.9% in chronic cases. Indication-wise success rates were 94.3% for epithelial defect healing, 88.2% for symptomatic relief, 59.7% for ocular surface reconstruction, and 55% for improving limbal stem cell function. Success was not achieved in any outcome measure in 1/24 (4.2%) in acute group and 6/48 (12.5%) in chronic group. CONCLUSION AMT helps in ocular surface reconstruction, promotes rapid epithelial healing and partially restores limbal stem cell function. It can be considered as an effective modality for the ocular surface restoration in chemical and thermal injuries in selected cases. Success rates in acute and chronic cases are comparable.