Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS EFEKTVITAS PROGRAM REVITALISASI PASAR TRADISIONAL DI PASAR BULU KOTA SEMARANG

The existence of traditional market be on the skids here with rapid development of modern market. Presence of modern market that managed professionally claimed have been discrediting the presence of traditional market. Revitalization of traditional market is the effort to keep the existence of traditional market and increasing the competitiveness traditional market against modern market. This research is aim to analize the effectiveness of traditional market revitalization program in Pasar Bulu Semarang City and identifying the barrier factors of effectiveness revitalization program. The research result shows that traditional market’s revitalization program in Pasar Bulu Semarang City is not effective because not any change mindset of traders from traditional market to modern traditional market, decline acceptance of retribution in Pasar Bulu, funding revitalization is not allocated efficiently to build complete facilities in accordance with provisions, community dissatisfaction with information service in Pasar Bulu, a descline in the income of traders, not many people community invilvement in express their opinions, traders attitude and visitors can’t keep the cleanliness and discipliness of the market, a lot of facilities defect numbers that not repaired soon, and market maintener haven’t been able to enforce rules firmly shows with a lot numbers of problem that seems to be left and not followed soon.
A new negative liquid crystal lens with multiple ring electrodes in unequal widths

This study is dedicated to the design of a new negative liquid crystal (LC) lens with multiple ring electrodes in unequal widths. The number and widths of the multiple ring electrodes are designed to offer online tunability on focusing length by predetermined individual electrode voltages. This aims to render a smooth refraction index distribution that mimics well a divergent lens based on the theory of a gradient refraction index (GRIN) lens. Finally, the proposed negative LC lens is fabricated with the capability of realizing different focus lengths in a relatively large aperture of 5 mm and a thickness of 0.7 mm. Experiments are conducted to verify expected light-diverging performance. The effective focus length (EFL) is measured based on interference patterns. It is shown that the proposed negative LC lens is able to realize light-divergent effects with an EFL as short as -357.9 mm.
Muscle-derived CD45−Sca-1+c-kit− progenitor cells give rise to skeletal muscle myotubes in vitro

SummaryA stem cell population isolated from murine skeletal muscle has recently been shown to differentiate into hematopoietic cells after transplantation in vivo. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that this cell population would also, under appropriate culture conditions, differentiate into skeletal muscle cells in vitro. Lower-extremity skeletal muscle tissue isolated from 3- to 4-wk-old mice was dissected free from bone and vessels, enzymatically digested, and flow cytometrically sorted to yield CD45−Sca-1+c-Kit− (S+) cells. These cells were further sorted into CD34+ and CD34− fractions and examined for skeletal, cardiac, and hematopoietic lineage-specific messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts immediately after isolation and after a 10- to 14-d culture period. Freshly isolated S+CD34+ cells lacked expression of skeletal-, cardiac-, or hematopoietic-specific mRNA transcripts, whereas S+CD34− cells expressed c-met, a marker for skeletal muscle satellite cells. During 10–14 d in culture, both S+CD34+ and S+CD34− cell populations underwent a period of attachment followed by elongation and, ultimately, fusion to create large multinucleated contractile myotubes expressing skeletal muscle lineage mRNA transcripts but not hematopoietic or cardiac lineage transcripts. We conclude that murine skeletal muscle possesses two populations of progenitor cells that can be directly isolated. One population expressing the phenotype S+CD34− may contain satellite cells, whereas the S+CD34+ population is devoid of satellite cell markers. Both populations possess the ability to differentiate into skeletal muscle cells in vitro.
Effect of a single dose of green tea polyphenols on the blood markers of exercise-induced oxidative stress in soccer players.

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of acute ingestion of green tea polyphenols (GTP) on blood markers of oxidative stress and muscle damage in soccer players exposed to intense exercise. METHODS This randomized, double-blinded study was conducted on 16 players during a general preparation period, when all athletes participated in a strength-training program focused on the development of strength endurance. After ingestion of a single dose of GTP (640 mg) or placebo, all athletes performed an intense muscle-endurance test consisting of 3 sets of 2 strength exercises (bench press, back squat) performed to exhaustion, with a load at 60% 1-repetition maximum and 1-min rests between sets. Blood samples were collected preexercise, 5 min after the muscle-endurance test, and after 24 hr of recovery. Blood plasma was analyzed for the concentrations of thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), uric acid (UA), total catechins, total antioxidant status (TAS), and activity of creatine kinase (CK); at the same time, erythrocytes were assayed for the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). RESULTS In both groups, plasma TBARS, UA, and TAS increased significantly postexercise and remained elevated after a 24-hr recovery period. SOD activity in erythrocytes did not change significantly in response to the muscle-endurance test, whereas in both groups plasma CK activity increased significantly after 24 hr of recovery. Acute intake of GTP cased a slight but significant increase in total plasma catechins. However, GTP was found not to exert a significant effect on measured parameters. CONCLUSIONS Acute ingestion of GTP (640 mg) does not attenuate exercise-induced oxidative stress and muscle damage.
Grommets, tonsillectomies, and deprivation in Scotland

Abstract Objective: To see whether there is a relation between grommet insertion operation and tonsillectomy rates, otolaryngology services, and deprivation scores in Scotland. Design: Analysis of routine 1990 NHS data on grommet insertions and tonsillectomies in Scottish children aged 0-15 years compared with data on general practitioner and otolaryngology services and Carstairs deprivation scores. Setting: All 15 Scottish health boards. Subjects--All children aged 0-15 (1 021 933). Results: Tonsillectomy was more common than grommet insertion operations in Scotland (6182:4850). Health boards with high grommet insertion rates were more likely to have low tonsillectomy rates (Spearman's rank correlation -0.59; 95% confidence interval -0.87 to -0.03). Grommet insertion rates varied fourfold (from 2.4/1000 to 9.2/1000) and tonsillectomy rates twofold (from 3.6/1000 to 8.0/1000) across Scottish health boards. Variation between health boards had changed over the 15 years 1975-90. Variation in grommet insertion rates did not reflect variation in the supply of otolaryngology consultants (Spearman's rank correlation -0.25). There was a non-significant tendency for high general practitioner referral rates to be associated with high grommet insertion rates, low tonsillectomy rates, and less deprived areas (Spearman's rank correlation coefficients 0.50, -0.53, and -0.43). Deprivation (measured by Carstairs scoring for each health board) was associated with higher tonsillectomy rates (Spearman's rank correlation 0.41; 95% confidence interval -0.22 to 0.80) and significantly lower grommet insertion rates (-0.73; -0.92 to -0.28). Conclusion--Social factors as well as differences in disease prevalence and medical practice need to be considered when studying variation in childhood grommet insertion and tonsillectomy rates.
Evaluation of beta-cell sensitivity to glucose and first-phase insulin secretion in obese dogs.

OBJECTIVE To compare beta-cell sensitivity to glucose, first-phase insulin secretion, and glucose tolerance between dogs with naturally occurring obesity of > 2 years' duration and lean dogs. ANIMALS 17 client-owned obese or lean dogs. PROCEDURES Frequently sampled IV glucose tolerance tests were performed with minimal model analysis on 6 obese dogs and matched controls. Glucagon stimulation tests were performed on 5 obese dogs and matched controls. RESULTS Obese dogs were half as sensitive to the effects of insulin as lean dogs. Plasma glucose concentrations after food withholding did not differ significantly between groups; plasma insulin concentrations were 3 to 4 times as great in obese as in lean dogs. Obese dogs had plasma insulin concentrations twice those of lean dogs after administration of glucose and 4 times as great after administration of glucagon. First-phase insulin secretion was greater in obese dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Obese dogs compensated for obesity-induced insulin resistance by secreting more insulin. First-phase insulin secretion and beta-cell glucose sensitivity were not lost despite years of obesity-induced insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia. These findings help explain why dogs, unlike cats and humans, have not been documented to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Participation of bone marrow derived cells in cutaneous wound healing

Bone marrow has long been known to be a source of stem cells capable of regeneration of the hematopoeitic system. Recent reports, however, have indicated that bone marrow might also contain early stem cells that can differentiate into other organ tissues such as skin. While these studies have illustrated that bone marrow stem cells could find their way to the skin, they have not addressed the dynamics of how bone marrow stem cells might participate in the homeostatis and regeneration of skin. In this report we followed green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeled bone marrow transplanted into non‐GFP mice in order to determine the participation of bone marrow stem cells in cutaneous wounds. Our results indicate that there are a significant number of bone marrow cells that traffic through both wounded and non‐wounded skin. Wounding stimulated the engraftment of bone marrow cells to the skin and induced bone marrow derived cells to incorporate into and differentiate into non‐hematopoietic skin structures. This report thus illustrates that bone marrow might be a valuable source of stem cells for the skin and possibly other organs. Wounding could be a stimulus for bone marrow derived stem cells to travel to organs and aid in the regeneration of damaged tissue. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Post-irradiation changes of the volatile oil constituents of Monodora myristica (Gaertn) Dunal

Volatile oil rich spices cannot be sterilised by pasteurisation because of the presence of thermal-sensitive components. In this article, we report the effect of irradiation on the volatile constituents of Monodora myristica. The samples were irradiated at ambient conditions at dose levels of 0 and 15 kGy using a linear accelerator at a dose rate of approximately 107 Gy s−1. The volatile oil was extracted via headspace analysis and the quantification carried out with a HP-5MS fused silica column. Twenty-three constituents were identified with alpha-phellandrene as the major constituent (53%). Electron-beam irradiation of M. myristica did not significantly affect the volatile constituent profile at 15 kGy. Except alpha-thujene, which was increased from 7.18% to 16.76%, the most affected constituents were those that constitute less than 0.10% of the oil. Irradiation could be an effective way for decontamination of M. myristica.
Distributed representations for compositional semantics

The mathematical representation of semantics is a key issue for Natural Language Processing (NLP). A lot of research has been devoted to finding ways of representing the semantics of individual words in vector spaces. Distributional approaches --- meaning distributed representations that exploit co-occurrence statistics of large corpora --- have proved popular and successful across a number of tasks. However, natural language usually comes in structures beyond the word level, with meaning arising not only from the individual words but also the structure they are contained in at the phrasal or sentential level. Modelling the compositional process by which the meaning of an utterance arises from the meaning of its parts is an equally fundamental task of NLP. This dissertation explores methods for learning distributed semantic representations and models for composing these into representations for larger linguistic units. Our underlying hypothesis is that neural models are a suitable vehicle for learning semantically rich representations and that such representations in turn are suitable vehicles for solving important tasks in natural language processing. The contribution of this thesis is a thorough evaluation of our hypothesis, as part of which we introduce several new approaches to representation learning and compositional semantics, as well as multiple state-of-the-art models which apply distributed semantic representations to various tasks in NLP.
Outcomes and recurrence rates in chronic subdural haematoma

The object of this study was to determine the relationship between outcome (assessed by Glasgow Outcome Scale) and recurrence in chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH). Eighty-two consecutive patients who underwent surgery for CSDH were included in this study. The relationship between the following variables and CSDH recurrence was studied: sex; age; history of trauma; Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) at the time of admission (stage 1: GCS > 12, stage 2: GCS: 8 – 12, stage 3: GCS < 8); interval between head injury (when a history of trauma was present) and surgery; presence of a midline shift on CT scans; presence of intracranial air 7 days after surgery; haematoma density; haematoma width; presence of brain atrophy; and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS, both quantitative and non-quantitative) at the time of discharge. Throughout the analysis, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed lower GCS (p < 0.001), higher GOS (p < 0.001), presence of intracranial air 7 days after surgery (p = 0.002), and a high density haematoma (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with recurrence of CSDH. It was concluded that GOS is related with recurrence in CSDH.
Thermodynamic dissection of the binding energetics of KNI‐272, a potent HIV‐1 protease inhibitor

KNI‐272 is a powerful HIV‐1 protease inhibitor with a reported inhibition constant in the picomolar range. In this paper, a complete experimental dissection of the thermodynamic forces that define the binding affinity of this inhibitor to the wild‐type and drug‐resistant mutant V82F/I84V is presented. Unlike other protease inhibitors, KNI‐272 binds to the protease with a favorable binding enthalpy. The origin of the favorable binding enthalpy has been traced to the coupling of the binding reaction to the burial of six water molecules. These bound water molecules, previously identified by NMR studies, optimize the atomic packing at the inhibitor/protein interface enhancing van der Waals and other favorable interactions. These interactions offset the unfavorable enthalpy usually associated with the binding of hydrophobic molecules. The association constant to the drug resistant mutant is 100–500 times weaker. The decrease in binding affinity corresponds to an increase in the Gibbs energy of binding of 3–3.5 kcal/mol, which originates from less favorable enthalpy (1.7 kcal/mol more positive) and entropy changes. Calorimetric binding experiments performed as a function of pH and utilizing buffers with different ionization enthalpies have permitted the dissection of proton linkage effects. According to these experiments, the binding of the inhibitor is linked to the protonation/deprotonation of two groups. In the uncomplexed form these groups have pKs of 6.0 and 4.8, and become 6.6 and 2.9 in the complex. These groups have been identified as one of the aspartates in the catalytic aspartyl dyad in the protease and the isoquinoline nitrogen in the inhibitor molecule. The binding affinity is maximal between pH 5 and pH 6. At those pH values the affinity is close to 6 × 1010 M−1 (Kd = 16 pM). Global analysis of the data yield a buffer‐ and pH‐independent binding enthalpy of −6.3 kcal/mol. Under conditions in which the exchange of protons is zero, the Gibbs energy of binding is −14.7 kcal/mol from which a binding entropy of 28 cal/K mol is obtained. Thus, the binding of KNI‐272 is both enthalpically and entropically favorable. The structure‐based thermodynamic analysis indicates that the allophenylnorstatine nucleus of KNI‐272 provides an important scaffold for the design of inhibitors that are less susceptible to resistant mutations.
Basolateral junctions are sufficient to suppress epithelial invasion during Drosophila oogenesis

Epithelial junctions play crucial roles during metazoan evolution and development by facilitating tissue formation, maintenance, and function. Little is known about the role of distinct types of junctions in controlling epithelial transformations leading to invasion of neighboring tissues. Discovering the key junction complexes that control these processes and how they function may also provide mechanistic insight into carcinoma cell invasion. Here, using the Drosophila ovary as a model, we show that four proteins of the basolateral junction (BLJ), Fasciclin‐2, Neuroglian, Discs‐large, and Lethal‐giant‐larvae, but not proteins of other epithelial junctions, directly suppress epithelial tumorigenesis and invasion. Remarkably, the expression pattern of Fasciclin‐2 predicts which cells will invade. We compared the apicobasal polarity of BLJ tumor cells to border cells (BCs), an epithelium‐derived cluster that normally migrates during mid‐oogenesis. Both tumor cells and BCs differentiate a lateralized membrane pattern that is necessary but not sufficient for invasion. Independent of lateralization, derepression of motility pathways is also necessary, as indicated by a strong linear correlation between faster BC migration and an increased incidence of tumor invasion. However, without membrane lateralization, derepression of motility pathways is also not sufficient for invasion. Our results demonstrate that spatiotemporal patterns of basolateral junction activity directly suppress epithelial invasion by organizing the cooperative activity of distinct polarity and motility pathways. Developmental Dynamics 236:364–373, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Perceived Control of Anxiety and its Relationship to Self-Confidence and Performance

Abstract This study examined performers' retrospective explanations of the relationship between anxiety symptoms, self-confidence, and performance. Interviews were used to determine how the presence of symptoms and the accompanying directional interpretation affected performance in six elite and six subelite swimmers. Causal networks revealed that perceived control was the moderating factor in the directional interpretation of anxiety and not the experience of anxiety symptoms alone. Symptoms perceived to be under control were interpreted to have facilitative consequences for performance; however, symptoms not under control were viewed as debilitative. Increases or decreases in self-confidence were perceived to improve or lower performance. Findings reveal how cognitive and somatic information was processed, what strategies were adopted, and how this series of events related to performance.
Relationships among sexual self-concept and sexual risk cognition toward sexual self-efficacy in adolescents: cause-and-effect model testing.

AIM Sexual self-efficacy plays an important role in adolescents' sexual health. The aim of this study was to test a cause-and-effect model of sexual self-concept and sexual risk cognition toward sexual self-efficacy in adolescents. METHODS The study was a cross-sectional survey. Using a random sampling method, a total of 713 junior nursing students were invited to participate in the study, and 465 valid surveys were returned, resulting in a return rate of 65.2%. The data was collected using an anonymous mailed questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships among sexual self-concept, sexual risk cognition, and sexual self-efficacy, as well as the mediating role of sexual risk cognition. RESULTS The results revealed that the postulated model fits the data well. Sexual self-concept significantly predicted sexual risk cognition and sexual self-efficacy. Sexual risk cognition significantly predicted sexual self-efficacy and had a mediating effect on the relationship between sexual self-concept and sexual self-efficacy. CONCLUSION Based on social cognitive theory and a structural equation model technique, this study confirmed the mediating role of sexual risk cognition in the relationship between sexual self-concept and sexual self-efficacy. Also, sexual self-concept's direct and indirect effects explaining adolescents' sexual self-efficacy were found in this study.
Alcohol policy changes and trends in adolescent drinking in Finland from 1981 to 2011.

AIMS To test if changes in national alcohol policy have had an impact on alcohol use among 12- to 18-year-old adolescents in Finland over a 30-year period. METHODS Frequencies of drinking any amounts of alcohol and drinking alcohol until really drunk from bi-annual repeated cross-sectional surveys from 1981 to 2011 were examined against a national alcohol policy review using nationally representative samples of 12-, 14-, 16- and 18-year-old adolescents (n = 99,724) in Finland. RESULTS Twelve-year-olds' alcohol drinking remained rare throughout the period. Drinking among 18-year-olds generally increased throughout the period. Significant increases until the late 1990s and decreases thereafter were observed in 14- and 16-year-olds' drinking patterns. A sharp increase was predicted between 2003 and 2005 as a result of EU-related processes, but instead decrease was observed among 14-16-year-olds. The tests of hypothesized decrease from 2005 to 2011 due to tightening alcohol policy including several tax raises produced mixed results. CONCLUSION Alcohol policy changes between 1981 and 2011 seem not to have had noticeable influence on alcohol drinking or drunkenness among the under-aged in Finland. Conspicuous increases seen in population total consumption in association with EU-related developments have not materialized among adolescents.