Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are Casual and Contract Terms of Employment Hazardous for Mental Health in Australia?

The risk that flexible forms of employment are harmful to the health of workers is a major public health issue for the many countries, including Australia, where such forms of employment are common or have been growing. Casual, contract and part-time employment in Australia rose rapidly in the decade to 1998 and remains high at 40% of employees in 2011. We investigate the impacts on mental health of employment on these terms and of unemployment. We use nine waves of panel survey data and dynamic random-effects panel data regression models to estimate the impact on self-rated mental health of unemployment, and of employment on a part-time, casual or contract basis, compared with permanent full-time employment. We control for demographic and socio-economic characteristics, occupation, disabilities status, negative life events and the level of social support. We find almost no evidence that flexible employment harms mental health. Unemployed men (but not women) have significantly and substantially lower mental health. But among the employed, only men who are on fixed-term contracts, most especially graduates, have lower mental health than those who are employed on full-time permanent terms. Women have significantly higher mental health if they are employed full time on casual terms.
Plum genetic resources and breeding.

Plum genetic resources were studied in the period 2004-2012. The fruiting type was established and the cultivars were divided into three groups. The major characteristics like fruit and stone weight, dry matter and acid content, fertility, resistance to PPV, frost and drought hardiness were identified and donors were selected for the breeding aims. 43315 flowers were pollinated in 61 parental combinations in the frames of the breeding programme and 459 hybrid plants were obtained and have been studied. Elites of valuable economic and biological characteristics were selected.
Managing the maintenance inventory of a cement manufacturer : original research

Inventory management is a crucial aspect of managing a company successfully. This is even more apparent in the case of maintenance inventories for production equipment, which impact directly on production equipment efficiency. This is a typical inventory management issue for a cement manufacturer that faces the problem of managing its maintenance inventories optimally when certain maintenance items have exceptionally long lead times (100 weeks) and values in excess of R500 000. An assessment of the cement manufacturer’s approach to managing its maintenance inventories indicated various shortcomings, which have resulted in a significant level of obsolescence. One approach to managing maintenance inventories efficiently is to implement a classification of the inventory items in terms of their criticality to the cement production process. The critical nature of a component could be established through a risk-based approach (minimisation of the risk of production loss) and taking into account the type of maintenance (planned vs unplanned) that the component is required for. A risk-based approach should form the basis of the maintenance inventory management of the cement manufacturer as this would allow the cement manufacturer to utilise other inventory management methods effectively. In addition, it is important to ensure that employees are well versed in the different inventory management approaches utilised and that high levels of integration between departments are pursued.
Knowledge management, HRM and the innovation process

This paper aims to explore Castells’ proposition that the innovation process is being progressively intensified by developments in technological and organizational forms – that knowledge is being applied to the generation of knowledge. The paper focuses on the emergence and implementation of knowledge management (KM), and its particular application in Ebank. A global approach to KM focussing on intranet technology proved unsuccessful. In explaining this outcome, the paper focuses on the constraints posed by the social embeddedness of knowledge as having a crucial effect. In this case, such embeddedness seemed to be linked to the lack of extensive intra‐organizational networks and the disparate identities developed by the different business units of the firm. These findings highlight several implications for KM's role in the innovation process.
I. UBV photometry of selected members of the Pleiades and Alpha Persei clusters in 1999

The rotational brightness variations in magnetically active stars are due to the combined light contribution of cool spots and bright faculae on the stellar photosphere. The amplitude of the rotational brightness variations can be used to probe the dependence of the amount of photospheric magnetic fields associated to such inhomogeneities on global stellar parameters such as the rotation rate. However, the upper envelope of the amplitude values must be considered, since the rotational modulation amplitude represents a lower limit of the spots and faculae coverage, being their visibility modulation reduced by several factors. In order to determine accurately the maximum amplitude upper envelope and its dependence on global stellar parameters a program of photometric monitoring of ultra fast rotating active members of the Pleiades and Alpha Persei star clusters was undertaken in the fall of 1999. Light curves and period determinations of 21 target stars are presented as result from the first observing season. The newly determined values of amplitudes of the brightness variations versus rotation period have values as expected based on previous results.
Towards An Understanding of the Mechanism of Electron-Capture Dissociation: A Historical Perspective and Modern Ideas

Electron-capture dissociation (ECD) is a new fragmentation technique that utilizes ion–electron recombination reactions. The latter have parallels in other research fields; revealing these parallels helps to understand the ECD mechanism. An overview is given of ECD-related phenomena and of the history of ECD discovery and development. Current views on the ECD mechanism are discussed using both published and new examples.
The Effect of Self-Control Mechanisms on Household Saving Behavior

The Survey of Consumer Finances was used to assess the explanatory power of self-control mechanisms, controlling for other important constructs from the standard life cycle model of saving. The analysis focused on saving goals, foreseeable expenses, and saving rules as mechanisms of self-control. Household saving behavior was strongly affected by mechanisms that help households practice self-control. Households that had saving rules were much more likely to spend less than income than those that did not have saving rules.
The effect of manager-specific optimism on the tone of earnings conference calls

Abstract The use of more or less positive language in corporate disclosures has been the subject of increased interest in the academic literature. We add to this stream of research by examining whether there is a manager-specific component in the tone of earnings-announcement related conference calls. We find that the tone of conference calls that is not explained by current performance, future performance, and strategic incentives has a significant manager-specific component. We also find that tone is significantly associated with manager-specific factors such as early career experiences and involvement in charitable organizations. Taken together, our findings indicate that, in addition to reflecting current and future performance, the tone of conference calls is significantly influenced by a manager-specific tendency to be optimistic or pessimistic. We also find some evidence of a manager-specific component to conference call returns, which is consistent with manager-specific optimism impacting investors’ interpretation of disclosures made in conference calls.
Assessing the nature of psychological contracts: a validation of six dimensions

Summary The purpose of this study is to develop a feature-oriented assessment of psychological contracts, an underdeveloped approach to psychological contracts. Relying on theoretical frameworks in psychological contract research, industrial relations studies, and a cross-national study on psychological contracts, we identify six dimensions that capture the nature of psychological contracts: tangibility, scope, stability, time frame, exchange symmetry, and contract level. We validate this expanded conceptualization of psychological contracts by developing a nomological network and testing it in a large, representative sample of 1106 employees. The results indicate the significance of formal contract characteristics and HR practices as two antecedents shaping the nature of psychological contracts. In addition, the hypothesized relationships between the three dimensions of time frame, exchange symmetry, and contract level with affective commitment are confirmed as well as the relationships between tangibility, scope and flexibility with personal control. The results further indicate the importance of assessing both employer and employee obligations given the differential effect of the contract makers. Copyright # 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of transport conditions of newborns who were referred to a university hospital in Black Sea region

Aim: To analyze transport conditions and management strategies of newborns referred to our unit. Material and Method: This prospective study was performed in 216 newborns referred to our unit by filling out the forms prepared previously concerning the transport reasons, the transport situations and the other items related to the newborns. Chi-Square or Fisher exact test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. Ethical committee approval was obtained. Results: The study group consisted of 216 newborns; referral was informed previously in 154 newborns and not informed previously in 62 newborns. Indication for the transport was prematurity and/or mechanical ventilation support (71.4%) in previously informed newborns and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (%46.8) in the non-informed group. Ambulance and transport incubator accompanied by a medical person was used for the transfer in 69% of the newborns. Fifty seven percent of the newborns had acidosis (p<7.34), 16% had cyanosis, 15% had inappropriate respiratory support, Twelve percent had hypoglycemia, 8% had hypothermia, bradycardia or hypotension. The most common errors made before or during transportation were lack of intravenous fluid and inappropriate amount and/or type of fluid. Conclusions: These results show that stabilization of newborns before and during transportation and communication between the centers before transportation were inadequate. Each region should create a communication network and regional transportation teams. Unnecessary referrals must be prevented. (Turk Arch Ped 2011; 46: 42-7)
The Value of Diversification During the Conglomerate Merger Wave

The current trend toward corporate focus reverses the diversification trend of the late 1960s and early 1970s. This article examines the value of diversification when many corporations started to diversify. The author finds no evidence that diversified companies were valued at a premium over single segment firms during the 1960s and 1970s. On the contrary, there was a large diversification discount during the 1960s but this discount declined to zero during the 1970s. Insider ownership was negatively related to diversification during the 1960s but, when the diversification discount declined, firms with high insider ownership were the first to diversify. Copyright 1996 by American Finance Association.
The Influences of Risk Management Committee and Audit Committee towards Voluntary Risk Management Disclosure

ABSTRACT The main objective of this study is to examine the influences of committees that are being appointed to manage risk towards voluntary risk management disclosure (VRMD) among non-financial companies in Malaysia. Non-financial companies will usually appoint either Risk Management Committee (RMC) or Audit Committee (AC) to manage their risks. Based on resource dependence theory, this study contends that the committees provide risk management resources particularly in terms of risk management information that could influence the VRMD. All data of VRMD, RMC and AC were collected from companies’ annual reports by using content analysis method. The sample in this study consisted of 395 non-financial companies which were listed on Bursa Malaysia in 2011. Our multiple regression results show that RMC presence and AC activeness increase VRMD. Our findings provide evidence that the establishment of RMC could increase the risk management disclosure among companies in Malaysia. Keywods: Risk management committee; voluntary disclosure; audit committee; risk management disclosure ABSTRAK Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menyelidik pengaruh jawatankuasa yang dilantik untuk mengurus risiko terhadap pendedahan maklumat sukarela pengurusan risiko (PMSPR) dikalangan syarikat bukan kewangan di Malaysia. Syarikat bukan kewangan lazimnya melantik sama ada Jawatankuasa Pengurusan Risiko (JPR) atau Jawatankuasa Audit (JA) untuk mengurus risiko. Berdasarkan teori pergantungan sumber, kajian berpendapat bahawa jawatankuasa tersebut menyediakan sumber pengurusan risiko terutamanya dari segi maklumat pengurusan risiko yang mungkin boleh mempengaruhi PMSPR. Semua data PMSPR, JPR dan JA dikutip daripada laporan tahunan syarikat dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan. Sampel kajian ini terdiri daripada 395 buah syarikat bukan kewangan yang tersenarai di Bursa Malaysia pada tahun 2011. Berdasarkan ujian regresi, didapati kewujudan JPR dan kekerapan mesyuarat JA meningkatkan PMSPR. Dapatan kajian ini menyediakan bukti bahawa penubuhan JPR boleh meningkatkan pendedahan maklumat pengurusan risiko di kalangan syarikat-syarikat di Malaysia. Kata kunci: Jawatankuasa pengurusan risiko; pendedahan sukarela; jawatankuasa audit; pendedahan maklumat pengurusan risiko
The “Seeds” on Padgettia readi are Insect Galls: Reassignment of the Plant to Odontopteris, the Gall to Ovofoligallites N. Gen., and the Evolutionary Implications Thereof

Abstract The Early Permian (Asselian) Euramerican plant Padgettia readi Mamay is reassigned to Odontopteris Brongniart, as O. readi (Mamay) Stull et al. n. comb. Distinctive elongate structures on neuropteroid pinnules of this plant, previously interpreted as fructifications, are herein reinterpreted as foliar histoid galls, structurally analogous to blister or vein galls, and probably induced by an early lineage of hemipterans or mites. These distinctive features are assigned to the new gall ichnogenus Ovofoligallites Labandeira, n. ichnogen. n. ichnosp, as O. padgetti Labandeira. The Early Permian association between an Odontopteris host and Ovofoligallites gallers probably originated during the Middle Pennsylvanian as a similar, antecedent association between Macroneuropteris scheuchzeri (Hoffmann) Cleal, Shute, and Zodrow and the maker of U-shaped surface features long known as a distinctive, unattributed damage type, but now recognizable as a likely gall. The persistence of this association between the galler and certain medullosan pteridosperms into the Permian adds to the morphological richness of the Permian galler insect fauna. The Permian ecological expansion of galling insects resulted in colonization of new host plants, primarily through a shift from the consumption of entire, mostly pteridophyte axial organs during the Pennsylvanian to the partitioning of seed plant tissues in leaves and small branches in the Permian. The Ovofoligallites galler was part of a diverse Permian galler guild involving a variety of plant taxa, organs and tissues that overwhelmingly targeted multiple lineages of seed plants.
Fundamental limits in single-molecule orientation measurements

Directionality inherent in the polarization of light affords the means of performing robust dynamic orientational measurements of molecules and asymmetric scatterers. In this paper, the precision with which measurements of this kind can be made is quantified for a number of common polarization-based measurement architectures using a metric derived from Fisher information. Specifically, a fundamental limit of 0.5 radian per detected photon (on average) is found, thus highlighting the importance of maximizing photon numbers by correct fluorophore selection. Informational dips, whereby measurement precision is degraded, are shown to arise in many realistic measurement scenarios, particularly for inference from null readings. The severity of these precision losses is therefore considered, and it is shown to decrease with increased system redundancy. Contamination of measured data from coherently and incoherently radiating extraneous sources, furthermore, causes a loss of precision. Analytic and numerical results are hence also presented in this vein.
The electron density of Saturn's magnetosphere

Abstract. We have investigated statistically the electron density below 5 cm−3 in the magnetosphere of Saturn (7–80 RS, Saturn radii) using 44 orbits of the floating potential data from the RPWS Langmuir probe (LP) onboard Cassini. The density distribution shows a clear dependence on the distance from the Saturnian rotation axis (√X2+Y2) as well as on the distance from the equatorial plane (|Z|), indicating a disc-like structure. From the characteristics of the density distribution, we have identified three regions: the extension of the plasma disc, the magnetodisc region, and the lobe regions. The plasma disc region is at L 15 RS, the magnetospheric density distribution becomes constant in Z. However, the density still varies quasi-periodically with the planetary rotation also in this region. In fact, the quasi-periodic variation has been observed all over the magnetosphere beyond L=15. The region above Z=15 RS is identified as the lobe region. We also found that the magnetosphere can occasionally move latitudinally under the control of the density in the magnetosphere and the solar wind. From the empirical distributions of the electron densities obtained in this study, we have constructed an electron density model of the Saturnian nightside magnetosphere beyond 7 RS. The obtained model can well reproduce the observed density distribution, and can thus be useful for magnetospheric modelling studies.
Detailed study of AlAs-oxidized apertures in VCSEL cavities for optimized modal performance

We present a numerical optical model for calculating threshold material gain in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers. It is based on a vectorial solution of Maxwell's equations and therefore gives exact results where other approaches fail, e.g., in the case of oxide-confined devices, which have high lateral index contrasts. Results are given concerning the influence of oxide window thickness and position on threshold gain and modal stability. We also propose an intuitive plane-wave model to enhance the physical understanding of these effects.
Optimal Dam Operation during Flood Season Using a Distributed Hydrological Model and a Heuristic Algorithm

A physically based distributed hydrological model is coupled with an optimization algorithm for joint dam operation to reduce the flood peaks downstream. The decision variables are the release-inflow ratios. The heuristic algorithm seeds different release scenarios attempting to find the most suitable combination. The objective is to reduce the flood peak downstream, and the objective function is to minimize the difference between the simulated and threshold discharges. The latter depends on the purpose of flood management at the basin. Here, it is proposed as the mean discharge during heavy rainfall and is used to start a special dam operation. In order to fulfill the objective function, the reservoirs are expected to release water before the flood event takes place and close the gates during the flood peaks to replenish the released water beforehand. The developed system was applied to the upper Tone River in Japan where the optimal release schedule from two key dams was obtained. The observed weather radar products were input to the hydrological model to simulate the discharge within the river network. Then, the simulated inflows were input to the dam storage functions. The release is routed downstream and the river discharge is evaluated at the control point. The results indicate that the proposed integrated operation can effectively reduce a flood peak suggesting the feasibility of real-time operation in future developments.
The Impact of Providing Computer Language Experience on the Reading Readiness among Preschool Children

This study aim to identify the effect of computer literacy on reading readiness among preschool children. The study sample consisted of (49) preschool children studying at the First University Kindergarten distributed into to two groups: experimental and control. The language experience of the experimental group was presented to students through using the computer for two years. A program has been designed for this purpose using the Multimedia Builder software. In order to answer the study questions, the mathematical averages, standard deviations, ANCOVA and MANCOVA analysis were used. The results of the study showed that there was an effect of computer experience in the six dimensions of reading readiness (visual recognition, auditory distinction, understanding, information, auditory recall, and visual recall) and this effect is related to the group variable. However, there were no statistically significant effect of sex variable over all the dimensions of the Reading readiness scale.
Two Patterns of Opposition: Party Group Interaction in the Bavarian State Parliament

Most research on parliamentary opposition focuses on constitutional and institutional aspects. This article argues that these approaches are limited in explaining differences between opposition parties. A case study of the Bavarian State Parliament supports the assumption that complex patterns of a number of factors, such as individual party groups’ ideology and history, their members’ socio-demographic background, and their informal rules of engagement, influence the way opposition parties behave. The study shows distinctive differences between the appearance and the strategies employed to influence the majority's decision-making. The Social Democrats, a traditional mass party with over 40 years in opposition, focused on a strategy of professional, subject-oriented cooperation within parliament. The Greens chose confrontational power policies that had their main effect outside parliament. This stands in line with the party's origin in grassroots movements and its culture of conflict resolution. The particular way of how party identities and policies coincide with the preference of one opposition strategy over another indicates that historic and socio-cultural factors are highly relevant for parliamentary behaviour.