Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN NILAI WILLINGNESS TO PAY UNTUK PEMBUATAN PETA ZONA NILAI EKONOMI KAWASAN MENGGUNAKAN TRAVEL COST METHOD DAN CONTINGENT VALUATION METHOD DENGAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS (Studi Kasus : Kawasan Tamansari Yogyakarta)

ABSTRAK Kota Jogjakarta adalah salah satu kota di Indonesia yang mempunyai banyak tempat wisata yang menarik untuk di kunjungi. Tamansari adalah salah satu tempat wisata yang ada di Kota Jogjakarta yang selain mempunyai potensi akan keindahannya juga menjadi salah satu Daerah Tujuan Wisata (DTW). Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka diperlukan suatu peta Zona Nilai Ekonomi Kawasan (ZNEK) untuk mengetahui nilai ekonomi berdasarkan metode TCM ( Travel Cost Method ) dan CVM ( Contingent Valuation Method ) pada kawasan tersebut. Metode penarikan responden yang digunakan dalam penelitian tugas akhir ini adalah non probability sampling dengan teknik sampling insidental yaitu untuk responden yang secara kebetulan ditemui dilokasi wawancara. Metode pengolahan data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dan perhitungannya menggunakan perangkat lunak Maple 17. Dalam penelitian tugas akhir ini diperoleh hasil berupa peta Zona Nilai Ekonomi Kawasan yang memiliki surplus konsumen domestik sebesar Rp 2.734. 791,-, surplus konsumen mancanegara sebesar Rp 237.615. 621,- dan nilai WTP sebesar Rp 43.833,- untuk CVM sehingga diperoleh nilai ekonomi total Tamansari Domestik sebesar Rp 1.112. 139.115. 700,- dan Tamansari Mancanegara sebesar Rp 15.963. 237.947. 900,- (nilai surplus konsumen per individu dikalikan dengan jumlah pengunjung tahun 2015). Kata kunci : Tamansari, Travel Cost Method , Contingent Valuation Method , Zona Nilai Ekonomi Kawasan, Maple 17. ABSTRAC T Jogjakarta is a city in Indonesia which has a lot of interesting tourism place to be visited.Tamansari is one of tourism places in Jogjakarta which does not only have potential in their beauty, but also became one tourist destination areas . Based on this thing, region economic value zone map (ZNEK) is needed to figure out economic value based on TCM (Travel Cost Method) and CVM (Contingent Valuation Method) in that region. The respondent withdrawal method used in this final project is non probability sampling with incidental sampling technique which is for the respondents who are accidentally met at the location. The data processing method is multiple linear regression analysis and calculated using Maple 17 software. In this final project research, the result was region economic value zone map which had consumer surplus domestic of Rp 2.734. 791,-, consumer surplus foreign tourist of Rp 237.615. 621,- and WTP value of Rp 43.833,- for CVM , so that it was obtained that the total economic value of Tamansari domestic was Rp 1.112. 139.115. 700,- and total economic value of Tamansari foreign tourist was Rp 15.963. 237.947. 900,- (consumer surplus value per individual multiplied by number of visitors on 2015) . Keywords : Tamansari, Travel Cost Method, Contingent Valuation Method, Zone Economic Value Zone, Maple 17. *) Penulis, PenanggungJawab
Blood donor screening for parvovirus B19 in Germany and Austria

BACKGROUND: Although the main transmission pathway of parvovirus B19 (B19) is typically via the respiratory route, several transfusion‐transmitted infections have been reported. To increase blood safety, all blood donations to our blood donor service have been screened by a B19 minipool real‐time nucleic acid testing (NAT) since April 2000. Additional customers have been screened since the summer of 2003.
A Cholesterol-Lowering Drug Reduces β-Amyloid Pathology in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

Clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory studies suggest that cholesterol may play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Transgenic mice exhibiting an Alzheimer's beta-amyloid phenotype were treated with the cholesterol-lowering drug BM15.766 and tested for modulation of beta-amyloid levels. BM15.766 treatment reduced plasma cholesterol, brain Abeta peptides, and beta-amyloid load by greater than twofold. A strong, positive correlation between the amount of plasma cholesterol and Abeta was observed. Furthermore, drug treatment reduced the amyloidogenic processing of the amyloid precursor protein, suggesting alterations in processing in response to cholesterol modulation. This study demonstrates that hypocholesterolemia is associated with reduced Abeta accumulation suggesting that lowering cholesterol by pharmacological means may be an effective approach for reducing the risk of developing AD.
Meats, Processed Meats, Obesity, Weight Gain and Occurrence of Diabetes among Adults: Findings from Adventist Health Studies

Aim: To examine the relation between meat intake and diabetes occurrence in adults. Methods: In a prospective cohort study we examined the relation between diet and incident diabetes recorded among 8,401 cohort members (ages 45–88 years) of the Adventist Mortality Study and Adventist Health Study (California, USA) who were non-diabetic at baseline. During the 17-year follow-up, we identified 543 incident diabetes cases. Results: (1) Subjects who were weekly consumers of all meats were 29% (OR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.08, 1.55) more likely (relative to zero meat intake) to develop diabetes. (2) Subjects who consumed any processed meats (salted fish and frankfurters) were 38% (OR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.05–1.82) more likely to develop diabetes. (3) Long-term adherence (over a 17-year interval) to a diet that included at least weekly meat intake was associated with a 74% increase (OR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.36–2.22) in odds of diabetes relative to long-term adherence to a vegetarian diet (zero meat intake). Further analyses indicated that some of this risk may be attributable to obesity and/or weight gain – both of which were strong risk factors in this cohort. It is noteworthy that even after control for weight and weight change, weekly meat intake remained an important risk factor (OR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.06–1.08) for diabetes. Conclusions: Our findings raise the possibility that meat intake, particularly processed meats, is a dietary risk factor for diabetes.
Genetic Determinants of Immunity and Integration of Temperate Myxococcus xanthus Phage Mx8

ABSTRACT An 8.1-kb fragment of the temperate Myxococcus xanthusphage Mx8 genome, when cloned into a plasmid vector, permits site-specific integration of the plasmid and confers superinfection immunity. Sequence analysis of a 9.5-kb region of Mx8 DNA containing this fragment reveals 19 densely packed open reading frames, four of which have predicted products with known or suspected activities. The Mx8 imm gene, required for superinfection immunity, has a sequence similar to that of Arabidopsis thalianaG-box-binding factor 1. Mx8 makes a DNA adenine methylase, Mox, and integrase, Int, related to other methylases and integrases. Theint gene has two alternate translation initiation codons within the extensively overlapping uoi (upstream of int) gene. Comparison of the predicted product of the uoi gene with Salmonella phage P22 and Streptomycesplasmid Xis proteins shows that temperate phage excisionases may use variations of a helix-turn-helix motif to recognize specific DNA sequences.
Altered cytoskeleton organization in platelets from patients with MYH9‐related disease

Summary. MYH9‐related disease (MYH9‐RD) is an autosomal dominant disorder deriving from mutations in the MYH9 gene encoding for the heavy chain of non‐muscle myosin IIA, and characterized by thrombocytopenia and giant platelets. Isoform IIA of myosin is the only one expressed in platelets, but the possibility that MYH9 mutations affect the organization of contractile structures in these blood elements has never been investigated. In this work we have analyzed the composition and the agonist‐induced reorganization of the platelet cytoskeleton from seven MYH9‐RD patients belonging to four different families. We found that an increased amount of myosin was constitutively associated with actin in the cytoskeleton of resting MYH9‐RD platelets. Upon platelet stimulation, an impaired increase in the total cytoskeletal proteins was observed. Moreover, selected membrane glycoproteins, tyrosine kinases, and small GTPases failed to interact with the cytoskeleton in agonist‐stimulated MYH9‐RD platelets. These results demonstrate for the first time that mutations of MYH9 result in an alteration of the composition and agonist‐induced reorganization of the platelet cytoskeleton. We suggest that these abnormalities may represent the biochemical basis for the previously reported functional alterations of MYH9‐RD platelets, and for the abnormal platelet formation from megakaryocytes, resulting in thrombocytopenia and giant platelets.
The Impact Of Interest Rate Volatility On Stock Market Development: Evidence From Emerging Markets

ABSTRACT:Interest rate uncertainty has adverse effects on stock market performance. Despite the considerable studies on the relationship between interest rate and stock market return, the relationship between interest rate volatility and stock market development still is enigma. This paper investigates the effect of interest rate uncertainty on stock market development. We examine the long-run and short-run relationship between these variables using Pesaran et al (2001) bounds testing approach to cointegration and error-correction modeling for 12 emerging economies over the period 1980-2011. This methodology has two main advantages over other cointegration methods which have made it unique: first there is no need to do pre-unit root resting, which is an essential requirement in other methods, and second, we are able to distinguish short -run effects from its long- run effect. Diagnostic statistics applied in this study indicate that our models are stable, well specified and normally distributed residual free of autocorrelation. The estimated results here show a significant short-run effect of interest rate uncertainty on stock market developing in all of 12 emerging economies under study. Furthermore, our results indicate that in 9 out of 12 countries the short-run effects have been seen in the long-run as well, and the cointegration relationship is confirmed in almost all of the models by either the F-test results or negative sign of error correction term. Also, the long run real income estimated elasticity is significantly positive in all countries (except for Brazil, Chile and Thailand) which would be a major long-run factor affecting stock market development in most of emerging economies in this study. Moreover, we found a mixed long- run effect of interest rate on stock market development. The results obtained in this paper suggest that emerging economies need to be cautious in implementing financial market and interest rate policies. A well-developed financial system improves capital formation and the efficiency of resource allocation, enhancing investment, and therefore economic growth. Interest rate uncertainty significantly affects stock market development. Therefore, a sound monetary policy creates a safer investment environment and stock market development. The role of stock market development towards achieving economic growth is crucial.
Environmental Kuznets Curves for air pollution in African and developed countries: exploring turning point incomes and the role of democracy

ABSTRACT The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis advances an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution. Scholars have estimated turning point incomes for various pollutants within and across countries. However, the majority of these studies were conducted for developed countries. Very few studies have focused on developing countries. In particular, the relationship between economic growth and air pollution in Africa remains largely unexplored. In this paper, we test whether the EKC hypothesis holds for carbon dioxide (CO2) and particulate matter (PM10) emissions in African and high-income OECD countries. We find that the EKC hypothesis holds for both CO2 and PM10 for African and OECD countries. Further, our examination of the effect of institutional quality on air pollution reveals an insignificant effect for CO2 for both samples. However, democracy is positively and significantly correlated with PM10 emissions for African countries.
Stock Splits and Performance of Firms Listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya

In Kenya, studies have been undertaken in the past on firm performance responses to event announcements. But, the effects of stock splits on firm security returns at the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) have not been exhaustively dealt with due to lack of enough information and the fact that it is a new mission of listed firms. Due to the small number of firms that have split stocks, the target population for the study included all listed firms that have split their stock between the years 2004 to 2013 effectively adopting the census sampling technique. The purpose of the study was to determine whether stock split events have a significant effect on shares turnover. The changes in stock price over a window period of twenty one (21) days was considered appropriate due to the reliability of short horizons in corporate policy decisions. The trading activity ratio (TAR) model was used to analyse the research data and the mean difference obtained and tested for significance using student - statistic at 95% confidence level. The results show that splitting firms in Kenya had their shares traded improve immediately after the event announcement. This was because the shares turnover of six out of nine firms under the study had their TAR mean (µ) values increase immediately after the share split. The reduced share prices after the stock split announcement implied affordability by the retail investors which eventually improved the trading activity. The improved trading activity was found to be consistent with the liquidity hypothesis where firms broaden their shareholder base by making more shares available to retail investors. It was also found that seven out of nine firms had a significant - statistic at 95% confidence level suggesting that stock split exercise had a positive influence on the trading activity. This was consistent with the optimal trading range hypotheses which states that firms’ improve liquidity by lowering the share prices to allow affordability by a larger pool of investors. The results therefore suggested a positive market reaction to stock split announcements. It was recommended that regulators ought to amend the existing regulations to encourage more firms undergo stock split as there is a proof that it improves firm performance.
Vasculitis associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

Vasculitis may accompany rheumatoid arthritis. One must distinguish between vascular involvement associated with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, isolated digital vasculitis, and the syndrome of clinical rheumatoid vasculitis. The cause of clinical rheumatoid vasculitis is unknown. High titers of rheumatoid factor, cryoglobulins, diminished circulating complement, an increased prevalence of HLA-DR4, and the pathologic findings suggest an immune etiology. However, similar, but perhaps less pronounced, abnormalities occur in uncomplicated rheumatoid arthritis, and these findings are not universal in complicating vasculitis. Classic cutaneous clinical manifestations include ischemic ulcers, digital gangrene, and palpable purpura. Mononeuritis multiplex is another classic presentation of rheumatoid vasculitis. Small digital infarctions may accompany other manifestations in clinical vasculitis or may occur alone as isolated digital arteritis, in which case the prognosis is relatively favorable. Weight loss, pleuritis, pericarditis, ocular inflammation, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and Felty's syndrome have also been reported in association with rheumatoid vasculitis. Although renal involvement has been considered unusual in rheumatoid vasculitis, several studies suggest that this may be more common than previously recognized. Ideally, a biopsy or an angiogram confirms the diagnosis of rheumatoid vasculitis, but often the diagnosis rests upon the clinical picture. In general, blind biopsies are not helpful, although one series indicated that a blind rectal biopsy may be an exception to this rule. An elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, increased C-reactive protein level, anemia, thrombocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, and a positive rheumatoid factor are common laboratory findings. Leukocytosis, hypergammaglobinemia, leukocytopenia, an elevated creatinine level, and minimal abnormalities of the urinary sediment also occur in patients with rheumatoid vasculitis. However, these abnormalities overlap in patients with uncomplicated rheumatoid arthritis, and their role in distinguishing rheumatoid vasculitis from uncomplicated rheumatoid arthritis is limited. Other immunologic tests have no established clinical role in diagnosing rheumatoid vasculitis. Therapy depends upon the clinical manifestation of rheumatoid vasculitis. Uncomplicated rheumatoid arthritis deserves appropriate therapy, and general attention to nutrition, cessation of tobacco, and control of blood pressure are indicated for all patients. Isolated digital vasculitis generally requires no more than the usual treatment for uncomplicated rheumatoid arthritis. Appropriate dermatologic management is indicated for ischemic ulcers. Most clinical experience in managing more symptomatic rheumatoid vasculitis has focused on glucocorticosteroids, D-penicillamine, and cytotoxic immunosuppressive drugs. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Association of progression‐free survival, overall survival, and patient‐reported outcomes by skin toxicity and KRAS status in patients receiving panitumumab monotherapy

The authors explored the association of skin toxicity (ST) severity as measured by patient‐reported ST and Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grading with efficacy of panitumumab, a fully human antiepidermal growth factor receptor antibody, from a phase 3 metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) trial.
Preparing for the Next Storm: Reassessing Frameworks and Strategies in a Low R-star World

Now is the right time to ask whether the monetary policy framework and strategy that worked well in the past are well suited to address the challenges ahead. A flexible price-level targeting framework has the important traits of adaptability, accessibility, and accountability. It also offers significant advantages over inflation targeting for meeting price stability and employment goals. The following is adapted from a presentation by the president and CEO of the San Francisco Fed to the Shadow Open Market Committee in New York on May 5.
Alcoholism in hereditary hemochromatosis revisited: Prevalence and clinical consequences among homozygous siblings

The relationship between alcoholism and hereditary hemochromatosis remains controversial. Previous studies have included patients with alcoholic siderosis rather than hereditary hemochromatosis. In this retrospective study, the clinical features, iron status, alcohol history, liver histology, and long‐term survival were reviewed in 105 homozygotes for hemochromatosis using rigid diagnostic criteria including an HLA identical sibling with iron overload. Heavy alcohol consumption (>80 g ethanol/day) was found in 15% of hemochromatosis patients. Histological features of alcoholic liver disease (Mallory's hyaline bodies, pericentral fibrosis, polymorphonuclear infiltrate, and fatty infiltration) were uncommon in hemochromatosis. Hemochromatosis patients with heavy alcohol consumption had a higher prevalence of cirrhosis than hemochromatosis patients without heavy alcohol consumption. Hepatic iron concentration and hepatic iron index did not significantly differ between these two hemochromatosis groups. Long‐term survival was significantly reduced in patients with heavy alcohol consumption (mean follow‐up, 9.22 years). This suggests that chronic alcohol consumption has an additive hepatotoxic effect despite the paucity of histological features of alcoholic liver disease.
The effects of hemodialysis treatment on the level of DNA strand breaks and oxidative DNA lesions measured by the comet assay

Hemodialysis patients have a higher risk for oxidative stress‐related complications, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. The increased level of oxidative stress is due to several factors, e.g., the hemodialysis treatment itself and the uremic state. In the present study, the effects of dialysis treatment on the level of DNA breaks and oxidative DNA lesions in mononuclear cells were measured with the comet assay. Factors possibly affecting DNA damage (reported as % DNA in tail) such as the duration of dialysis, time since last dialysis session, years of dialysis treatment, nutritional status (measured as protein catabolic rate), age, and diabetes were also investigated. The levels of DNA breaks (13.6 ± 4.7 before dialysis) and oxidative DNA lesions (7.9 ± 4.8 before dialysis) were significantly higher in dialysis patients (n = 31) compared to the levels of DNA breaks (5.8 ± 1.1) and oxidative DNA lesions (3.4 ± 1.7) in 10 healthy controls (P < 0.001). A decrease of DNA breaks was observed after dialysis (P = 0.038), and the level of oxidative DNA lesions was higher when the time between two treatment sessions were 68 hours compared to 44 hours (P < 0.001). Older subjects had a higher level of DNA breaks (P = 0.003), a good nutritional status predicted a lower level of DNA breaks (P < 0.001), and the duration of the dialysis session was inversely correlated with oxidative DNA lesions (P = 0.014). Diabetes or years of dialysis treatment did not affect DNA damage. The observations in the present study suggest that accumulation of uremic toxins induce DNA damage. The hemodialysis treatment seems to change the DNA damage.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat does not transactivate mature trans-acting responsive region RNA species in the nucleus or cytoplasm of primate cells

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-encoded transactivator Tat is essential for viral gene expression and replication. By interacting with a nascent RNA stem-loop called the trans-acting responsive region (TAR). Tat increases rates of initiation and/or elongation of HIV transcription. Several reports have also suggested that Tat has additional effects on mature HIV RNA species including modification of primary transcripts in the nucleus and their increased translation in the cytoplasm. These posttranscriptional effects are most pronounced in the Xenopus oocyte. To investigate directly whether Tat has similar effects on viral transcripts in cells that are permissive for HIV replication, we cotransfected and microinjected human and monkey cells with Tat and TAR in the form of DNA or RNA. Whereas Tat transactivated TAR DNA targets, it did not transactivate TAR RNA targets in the nucleus of microinjected cells or in the cytoplasm of transfected cells. We conclude that in cells permissive for viral replication, Tat exerts its effect primarily at the level of HIV transcription.