Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GPS measurements of postseismic deformation in the Andaman-Nicobar region following the giant 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake

[1] We report GPS measurements of postseismic deformation from 22 campaign-mode and one continuous GPS sites in the Andaman-Nicobar region following the great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake of 26 December 2004. Large horizontal displacements toward west to southwest, varying in magnitude from 10 to 40 cm, and with uplift reaching 16 cm, occurred in the region in the first year after the earthquake. The observed motion decreased logarithmically in the subsequent year. We suggest that in the Andaman region, frictional afterslip occurred farther downdip of the coseismic rupture, while in the Little Andaman and Nicobar regions, the coseismic rupture and afterslip patch partly overlapped. The afterslip was mostly aseismic and did not contribute to the aftershocks. The aftershocks and postseismic displacements appear to follow a similar relationship, although with different decay times. The temporal dependence of the two differs only by a term linear in time. Thus the temporal evolution of the afterslip seems to be consistent with a mechanism governed by frictional afterslip. Available rates of interseismic and postseismic deformation and coseismic static offsets allow us to approximately estimate a return period of about 400 years for great earthquakes in the Andaman region.
Meaningless words promote meaningful categorization

abstract On traditional accounts, word meanings are entries in a mental lexicon. Nonsense words lack such entries, and are therefore meaningless. Here, we show that under some circumstances nonsense words function indistinguishably from conventional words. The ‘nonsense’ words foove and crelch led participants to select systematically different clusters of adjectives and were reliably matched to different species of alien creatures (e.g., ‘crelches’ were pointy and narrow and ‘fooves’ were large and fat). In a categorization task in which participants learned to group two species of aliens primarily on the basis of roundness/pointiness, these novel labels facilitated performance as much as conventional words (e.g., round, pointy). The results expand the scope of research on sound symbolism and support a non-traditional view of word meaning according to which words do not have meanings by virtue of a conventionalized form−meaning pairing. Rather, the ‘meaning’ of a word is the effect that the word form has on the user’s mental activity.
IN VITRO EFFECTS OF METRONIDAZOLE AND ALBENDAZOLE ON GIARDIA LAMBLIA ISOLATED FROM IRANIAN PATIENTS

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of metronidazole and albendazole against clinical isolates of Giardia lamblia in vitro. Methods: From all human samples of containing cysts, 10 isolates were successfully excysted in vitro. Trophozites viability was assessed by eosine 0.1% and cultured axenically in TYI-S-33 modified medium supplemented with heat inactivated bovine serum 10%. All cultures were incubated in 37°C for 24-48 h. After this time trophozoites were exposed to different concentration (0.05, 0.1, 2, 10, 50 µg/ml) of drugs at 37o for 4 h. The IC50 estimated between 0.1 and 10µg/ml for metronidazole and 0.062 and 0.1 µg/ml for albendazole. Results: Eight isolates were found susceptible to the metronidazole while all isolates were found susceptible to the albendazole. Statistical results indicated that there was significant difference (P<0.05) in the sensitivity to metronidazole and albendazole in all isolates. Conclusion: The killing affects of albendazole on G.lamblia was greater than metronidazole.
Oral Capsinoids Supplementation May not Enhance Glycogen Recovery against Exercise-Induced Loss in Exercised Human Skeletal Muscle

We investigated whether post-exercise capsinoids (CSN) supplementation could enhance muscle glycogen resynthesis via GLUT4/Akt expressions in human skeletal muscle. Nine male college students (aged 21.4±0.2 years, BMI 21.9±1.3 kg/m2, VO2max 47.1±1.8 ml/kg/min) participated in this crossover designed study, and completed a 60-min cycling exercise at 70% VO2max. Immediately after exercise, participants consumed high-carbohydrate diet (2 g carb/kg bodyweight) with CSN (12 mg, single dosage) or placebo. Biopsied muscle samples (vastus lateralis) were obtained immediately (0h) and 3h after exercise. Blood and expired gas samples were collected before and after exercise. We found oral CSN supplementation immediately after exercise was unable to enhance glycogen resynthesis in exercised human skeletal muscle. Despite, CSN could alter the energy reliance on fat oxidation during post-exercise recovery, based on gaseous exchange measurement (NEFA and glycerol). We further identified no significant differences in postprandial glucose/insulin area under curve in both trials. Western blot data showed no significant response of p-Akt/Akt ratio with CSN during post-exercise recovery. Inconsistent with glycogen levels, muscle GLUT4 expression was significantly elevated at 3h in CSN trial. Our findings emphasize the necessity of further evidences to confirm the ergogenic properties of CSN in connection with glycogen recovery in exercised human skeletal muscle.
Glacial-Interglacial Variability in Atmospheric CO2

Although the complete answer to the question of the glacial-interglacial variability in atmospheric CO2 remains something of a mystery, important feedbacks, and processes have been identified that have improved our understanding of the modern and future carbon cycle. In this chapter, we will (1) outline the problem posed by the observed glacial-interglacial changes in CO2; (2) provide a brief primer for understanding the basics of the global carbon cycle; (3) summarize some of the common ways in which the marine sediment record can be used to shed light in the problem; (4) describe the most promising candidate hypotheses put forth to explain changes in the carbon cycle, including an assessment of our confidence in our level of understanding of these mechanisms and their magnitude of impact on the carbon cycle and what observational evidence there is for constraining their importance; and (5) suggest some new directions and ideas.
Implications of meteor observations by the MU Radar

We report high resolution meteor echo observations using the Kyoto University Middle and Upper (MU) Atmosphere 46.5 MHz Radar. When the MU radar was pointed perpendicular to the geomagnetic field lines (B), numerous long‐lived range spread trail echoes were observed which were largely absent when the beam was pointed in the vertical and parallel‐to‐B directions. This shows that this type of trail echo is largely due to scattering structures aligned along B. Additionally, nearly all the head echoes displaying an along‐the‐beam velocity component were followed by range spread echoes in the perpendicular‐to‐B pointing geometry. This demonstrates that meteoric field aligned irregularity is present in essentially all meteors up to the detection limit of the MU radar. Practically all the spectra are limited within a bandwidth corresponding to a Doppler shift of 320 m/s, suggesting that the two stream instability is absent most of the time. Meteoric field aligned structures can be a potential error source for aeronomical applications if they are not appropriately considered.
Outperforming Neural Readers Using Broad-Context Discriminative Language Modeling on the LAMBADA Word Prediction Task

Since Hinton and Salakhutdinov published their landmark science paper in 2006 ending the previous neural-network winter, research in neural networks has increased dramatically. Researchers have applied neural networks seemingly successfully to various topics in the ﬁeld of computer science. However, there is a risk that we over-look other methods. Therefore, we take a recent end-to-end neural-network-based work (Dhingra et al., 2018) as a starting point and contrast this work with more classical techniques. This prior work focuses on the LAMBADA word prediction task, where broad context is used to predict the last word of a sentence. It is often assumed that neural networks are good at such tasks where feature extraction is important. We show that with simpler syntactic and semantic features (e.g. Across Sentence Boundary (ASB) N -grams) a state-of-the-art neural network can be outperformed. Our discriminative language-model-based approach improves the word prediction accuracy from 55.6% to 58.9% on the LAM-BADA task. As a next step, we plan to extend this work to other language modeling tasks.
Valuing the Recreation Benefits of Natural Springs in Florida

Karst springs are scenic natural resources in karst areas of Florida, currently under threat from increasing groundwater withdrawal from the Floridan Aquifer and pollution resulting from a variety of sources. This paper estimates the current recreation benefits from visiting springs using the travel cost method and elicits residents’ willingness to contribute for springs restoration using the contingent valuation method. It further compares the performance of count data models correcting for endogenous stratification and truncation, and finds that the annual consumer surplus per person per trip is between $20 and $43, and the annual total recreational value for the four springs studied is about $25 million. Furthermore, visitors are willing to contribute $12 to $14 per person per trip for springs restoration without reducing trip demand.
SIMILARITY , ISOMORPHISM OR DUALITY ? RECENT SURVEY EVIDENCE ON THE HRM POLICIES OF MNCS

There is considerable debate as to the determinants of the HR policies of HRM: do they reflect national institutional or cultural realities, emerging common global practices, parent country effects, or the dual effects of trans-national and national realities? This paper uses an extensive international database to explore these differences, assessing variations in a range of HR practices. It finds new evidence of national differences in the manner in which indigenous firms manage their people, but also evidence of a similarity in practice amongst MNCs. In other words, MNCs tend to manage their human resources in ways that are distinct from those of their host country; at the same time, country of origin effects seem relatively weak. Whilst there is some evidence of common global practices, sufficient diversity in practice persists to suggest that duality theories may provide the most appropriate explanation.
Intent Detection through Text Mining and Analysis

this work investigated using n-grams, parts-OfSpeech and Support Vector machines for detecting the customer intents in the user generated contents. The work demonstrated a system of categorization of customer intents that is concise and useful for business purposes. We examined possible sources of text posts to be analyzed using three text mining algorithms. We presented the three algorithms and the results of testing them in detecting different six intents. This work established that intent detection can be performed on text posts with approximately 61% accuracy. Keywords—intent detection; text mining; support vector machines; N-grams; parts of speech
Screening for infectious diseases in newly arrived asymptomatic immigrants in southern Italy.

Background Screenings for infectious diseases in asymptomatic immigrants currently takes place when receiving new arrivals. Aims We describe the frequency of infections in a cohort of newly arrived asymptomatic immigrants in Southern Italy. Methods We studied a cohort of 238 Sub-Saharan African and Asian men hosted at a reception centre (CARA) in Foggia between January and December 2015. The tuberculin skin test for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and serology/virology testing for HBV, HCV, HIV were performed. Results From this cohort, 205 individuals agreed to be tested for serological/virological markers only, while 82 agreed to be tested for LTBI only; 49 people agreed to have both tests. Among those tested for virological markers, 23/205 (11.2%) were HBsAg positive; 12/23 (52.2%) individuals had chronic active hepatitis; 77/205 (37.6%) individuals had only anti-HBc positivity. HCV infection was present in 8/205 (3.9%) individuals, and chronic HCV infection, was diagnosed in only two people. Only 2/205 (1.0%) individuals presented with anti-HIV and HIV-RNA positivity. We found LTBI in 29.6% of TB-tested individuals. Conclusions Asymptomatic immigrants are at increased risk for some infections, mainly HBV and tuberculosis.
Characterization of Cypress Wood for Kraft Pulp Production

Wood samples of Cupressus arizonica, C. lusitanica, and C. sempervirens were evaluated for chemical, anatomical, and pulp characteristics as raw material for pulp production. Two 17-year-old trees per species were harvested, and wood samples were taken at a height of 2 m. Wood chips from Pinus pinaster (Portugal) and P. sylvestris (Finland) were used as references. C. arizonica differed from C. lusitanica and C. sempervirens with significantly lower (p < 0.05) tracheid diameter and wall thickness in the earlywood. The total extractives contents were 3.9%, 3.3%, and 2.5% for C. lusitanica, C. sempervirens, and C. arizonica, respectively, lower than the 5.1% for P. pinaster and 4.5% for P. sylvestris. Klason lignin content ranged from 33.0 to 35.6%, higher than the 28.0 to 28.7% for the pinewoods. The kraft pulp yields for C. arizonica, C. lusitanica, and C. sempervirens were 37.7%, 36.7%, and 38.7%, respectively, with kappa numbers of 32.0, 31.6, and 28.7, respectively; the yield values were 40.8% and 42.8%, with kappa numbers of 23.4 and 21.0, for P. pinaster and P. sylvestris, respectively. The cypress species are clearly different from pine in relation to wood pulping behavior. Among the cypress, C. sempervirens provided the best pulping results.
A Return to the Dark Ages? Reply to Thornton et al. 2010

A synthetic theory pointing out the central importance of metallurgy in the emergence of Bronze Age civilizations was recently published in the AJA ("From Metallurgy to Bronze Age Civilizations: The Synthetic Theory" [2009] 497–519). In reaction, six well-known authors (Christopher Thornton, Jonathan Golden, David Killick, Vincent Pigott, Thilo Rehren, and Benjamin Roberts) have written a rebuttal devoted mainly to defending the current localizationist paradigm challenged by the synthetic theory. In this reply, the epistemological nature of localizationism and its position regarding scientific theories is considered first, then three critical points underlying the synthetic theory are discussed: (1) the external mode of crucible heating, (2) the incompatibility of crucible and furnace smelting, and (3) the prevalence of southern Canaan in the emergence of furnace metallurgy.
Non-destructive determination of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of castor oil plants - doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v34i3.13872

The aim of the present work was to determine the relationship between photosynthetic pigments extracted in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and readings obtained by the portable chlorophyll meter, ClorofiLOG ® 1030, to generate mathematical models that are able to report the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the leaves of the castor oil plant. This work was conducted at Embrapa Cotton, located in the city of Campina Grande, state of Paraiba, Brazil, in October 2010. For the indirect analysis, portable equipment was used to read leaf discs of different shades of green. The chlorophyll in these discs was then determined using a classical method: 5 mL of DMSO was added, the samples were incubated in a water bath at 70oC for 30 minutes, and a 3 mL aliquot was removed for spectrophotometric measurements at 470, 646 and 663 nm. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and regression analyses in which the readings obtained using the portable chlorophyll meter were the dependent variable and the photosynthetic pigments that were determined by the classical method were the independent variable. The results indicated that, with the exception of chlorophyll b , the ClorofiLOG ® 1030 portable chlorophyll meter estimated the concentration of photosynthetic pigments with high precision, thus saving time and the chemical reagents that are typically used in conventional procedures.
Attitudes Toward Marriage and Cohabitation among Working-Age Latinos : Does Religion Matter ?

The burgeoning Latino population in the United States has renewed interest in Latino family research. It has often been assumed that Catholicism is a key factor influencing Latinos’ attitudes toward family despite the fact that more than a third of Latinos are not Catholic. This paper uses data from the 2006 National Survey of Religion and Family Life, a survey of the working-age population in the lower 48 states, to explore the effects of religiosity—denomination, church attendance, and beliefs about the Bible—on Latinos’ attitudes towards marriage, divorce, and cohabitation. We find that evangelical Protestants who attend church regularly have almost uniformly more conservative attitudes than do equally observant Catholics. These religious effects are just as potent as social, demographic, and economic factors in explaining family attitudes. Furthermore, belief in biblical literalism does not explain the relationship between denomination/ attendance categories and family attitudes.
The Role of Institute Level Support Teams on Addressing Barriers to Learning and Provide Support in Schools. Are They Functional

Inclusive Education was adopted as a global strategy for addressing the learning needs of all vulnerable and marginalised learners at the Salamanca World Conference on Special Needs Education in Spain in 1994. The message from the Salamanca statement was not focusing on fitting the learner into the school system, but on critiquing and changing the system itself or its relationship to social justice and equity in an attempt to accommodate the unique and diverse learning needs of all learners (Ainscow, 2004). When the Education White Paper was published in 2001, it was with great anticipation that within the first 5 years all the systems would have been put in place for the full- range scale implementation of an inclusive education system at all levels within a period of twenty years (Schoeman, 2012). The education White Paper 6 came up with strategies of transferring all aspects of the education system such as improving special schools by converting them to resource centres, developing full-service schools , and establishing institute level support teams and District based support teams to provide co-ordinated professional support services. In accordance to the White paper 6 ( DoE, 2001) all schools are expected to have functional Institute level support teams which comprise of school management, educators, parents or caregivers, community members and learners where applicable. The role of the ILST as envisaged by the White Paper 6 is to ensure an enabling environment for teaching and learning, to provide support programmes for addressing barriers to learning. The aim of the study was to investigate the functionality of the ILST in an inclusive school. A qualitative research approach was done whereby observation, focus group interview and document analysis were used to collect data. The results showed that the ILST still need an intensive and critical training on inclusive practices to provide support services and to address barriers to learning. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014. v5n8p259
Epicatechin acts synergistically with curcumin-induced cytogenotoxic effect in acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell line

Epicatechin acts synergistically with curcumin-induced cytogenotoxic effect in acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell line. J Unexplored Med Data 2017;2:52-9. Aim: The low bioavailability of curcumin, a polyphenol, limits its use as an antitumor agent. Identifying mechanisms to improve the bioavailability and effectiveness of curcumin can modify utilization of other plant-derived phenolic compounds. This study was conducted with an aim to determine the influence of some flavonoids on the effects of curcumin in an HL-60 cell line. Methods: Cells were incubated in the presence of different concentrations of curcumin and several flavonoids for 20 h. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using propidium iodide staining. The evaluation of γH2AX expression using a specific antibody, together with study of the cell cycle, was analyzed using flow cytometry. Results: A synergistic effect was obtained only using a combination of curcumin and lower concentrations of epicatechin. The low concentration of quercetin exerted an additive effect only in combination with curcumin. Moreover, incubation with curcumin and epicatechin resulted in a significant increase in the γH2AX level. Conclusion: Combination treatment with epicatechin and curcumin can potentially be considered for improving the effectiveness and bioavailability of curcumin in cell lines of myeloid leukemia.
Determinants of Consumers' Use of Nutritional Information on Food Packages

Abstract This study examines how sociodemographic characteristics of a household's main meal planner affect use of nutritional information concerning ingredients, health benefits, calories, sodium, vitamins/minerals, fiber, fat, cholesterol, and sugar content on food packages. Results generally suggest that well-educated, female main meal planners are more likely to use various types of nutritional information than others. Main meal planners who place more importance on nutrition but less importance on taste and those who have a higher perception of the healthfulness of their diet are more likely to use nutritional information on packages than others. Household size, race, employment status, urbanization, region, age, and income are also significant factors.
Influence of lupin and rapeseed meals on the integrity of digestive tract and organs in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) and goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) juveniles

Two rearing trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary lupin (LM) and rapeseed (RM) meals in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) and goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) juveniles. Each plant meal was incorporated at the rate of 200 g kg−1 in two distinct diets, which were compared with a fishmeal-based diet as control. After 1 month, the two plant diets did not influence the whole body growth, but the digestive systems were affected. The splenosomatic index was reduced with two plant meals in goldfish and with RM in seabream. The hepatosomatic index was only reduced in LM-fed seabream. Cellular characteristics were also affected. The largest liver cells were observed in RM-fed goldfish suggesting changes in metabolic function. The LM and RM diets stimulated in seabream, especially the reaction in haematopoietic tissues with the proliferation of melano-macrophages centres, and a tendency for elongated villus height in the anterior intestine thus that possibly compensated for a reduction in digestive function. Such adaptive structural modifications and the absence of degenerative signs allowed concluding that the integrity of the digestive system was maintained in fish fed plant meals.
Students’ learning-approach profiles in relation to their university experience and success

What is the connection between student success and their approaches to learning? Do learning approaches develop with university experience? We explored these questions by constructing profiles using a specially developed fixed response instrument and administering this to students at two similar South African universities. Groups consisted of access course applicants, access course students, and first and second year mainstream chemistry students. Successful senior students showed more sophisticated approaches to learning than other groups. Unsuccessful students fell into two different categories: those using a surface approach, and predominantly first generation tertiary students who used deep approaches. We discuss possible reasons for the latter group's lack of success. These findings raise questions for academic development practitioners advocating the use of deep approaches. The instrument was found to be useful for both diagnostic and pedagogic purposes.