Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Career aspirations and workplace expectations among youth with physical disabilities

Abstract Purpose Youths with disabilities have lower employment rates than youths without disabilities, which are often a result of inaccessible environments, employer’s lack of knowledge about people with disabilities and discriminatory attitudes. Exploring youths’ career aspirations is important because it can prompt or hinder career planning, and contribute to youths’ preparation for adult life. The purpose of our study was to explore the career aspirations and workplace expectations of youths with physical disabilities. Method We drew on qualitative discussion forum data from a larger study focusing on employment preparation e-mentoring intervention for youths with physical disabilities. Our sample comprised 44 youths aged 15–25 years (mean age 18.9, 47% female) with physical disabilities. We analyzed the data using a qualitative, content analysis approach. Results Youths described several areas that helped to develop their occupational capacity including self-advocacy, pursuing post-secondary education, volunteering/co-op, family support, and social networks. Areas where youths anticipated encountering occupational constraints involved: transportation, attitudes and discrimination, physicality of work and self-care, communication skills, and finding work or volunteer positions. Youths’ expectations for the workplace included: disability disclosure and requesting accommodations, and a respectful environment. Conclusions Our findings highlighted that youths with physical disabilities had diverse career aspirations that are shaped by various occupational capacities and constraints. Implications for rehabilitation Youth with physical disabilities may need further support with accessing and navigating public transportation independently to gain employment, and also developing their communication skills, specifically how to disclose their condition to employers and coping with potential discrimination. Clinicians and educators should help youth with disabilities to gain exposure to a variety of career options (including STEM) while supporting them to find accessible positions that are compatible with their abilities. Clinicians and educators could consider helping to foster self-advocacy skills among youth with disabilities which are needed to disclose their condition and request accommodations.
Temporal stability of functional brain modules associated with human intelligence

Individual differences in general cognitive ability (i.e., intelligence) have been linked to individual variations in the modular organization of functional brain networks. However, these analyses have been limited to static (time‐averaged) connectivity, and have not yet addressed whether dynamic changes in the configuration of brain networks relate to general intelligence. Here, we used multiband functional MRI resting‐state data (N = 281) and estimated subject‐specific time‐varying functional connectivity networks. Modularity optimization was applied to determine individual time‐variant module partitions and to assess fluctuations in modularity across time. We show that higher intelligence, indexed by an established composite measure, the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI), is associated with higher temporal stability (lower temporal variability) of brain network modularity. Post‐hoc analyses reveal that subjects with higher intelligence scores engage in fewer periods of extremely high modularity — which are characterized by greater disconnection of task‐positive from task‐negative networks. Further, we show that brain regions of the dorsal attention network contribute most to the observed effect. In sum, our study suggests that investigating the temporal dynamics of functional brain network topology contributes to our understanding of the neural bases of general cognitive abilities.
Automated terrain feature identification from remote sensing imagery: a deep learning approach

ABSTRACT Terrain feature detection is a fundamental task in terrain analysis and landscape scene interpretation. Discovering where a specific feature (i.e. sand dune, crater, etc.) is located and how it evolves over time is essential for understanding landform processes and their impacts on the environment, ecosystem, and human population. Traditional induction-based approaches are challenged by their inefficiency for generalizing diverse and complex terrain features as well as their performance for scalable processing of the massive geospatial data available. This paper presents a new deep learning (DL) approach to support automatic detection of terrain features from remotely sensed images. The novelty of this work lies in: (1) a terrain feature database containing 12,000 remotely sensed images (1,000 original images and 11,000 derived images from data augmentation) that supports data-driven model training and new discovery; (2) a DL-based object detection network empowered by ensemble learning and deep and deeper convolutional neural networks to achieve high-accuracy object detection; and (3) fine-tuning the model’s characteristics and behaviors to identify the best combination of hyperparameters and other network factors. The introduction of DL into geospatial applications is expected to contribute significantly to intelligent terrain analysis, landscape scene interpretation, and the maturation of spatial data science.
The role of scientific reasoning and religious beliefs in use of complementary and alternative medicine.

BACKGROUND While previous research has shown that trust in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is linked with other unfounded beliefs (e.g. paranormal phenomena or pharmaceutical conspiracies) and that analytic thinking can help alter these beliefs, the role of the ability to evaluate evidence as a protective factor has not been established yet. METHODS A cross-sectional design with a hundred participants was used with self-report data from questionnaires and performance test. The dependent variables were the belief in CAM and use of CAM. Predictor variables were scientific reasoning (measured by Scientific Reasoning Scale), critical thinking dispositions (measured by Critical Thinking Disposition Instrument; UF-EMI), religious beliefs (measured by Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire), gender and age. RESULTS Scientific reasoning and religious faith independently predicted belief in alternative medicine, while the role of scientific reasoning in actual reported use of CAM diminished after religious faith, gender and age were introduced to the model. CONCLUSION The results highlight the fact that it is not enough to appeal to the general critical thinking of people, but we need to teach them some practical skills that would help them to evaluate evidence in other, health-unrelated, contexts as well.
Inflammatory Pouch Conditions Are Common After Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis in Ulcerative Colitis Patients.

BACKGROUND Total proctocolectomy (TPC) with ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the gold standard surgery for ulcerative colitis (UC) patients with medically refractory disease. The aim of this study was to report the rates and risk factors of inflammatory pouch conditions. METHODS This was a retrospective review of UC or IBD unspecified (IBDU) patients who underwent TPC with IPAA for refractory disease or dysplasia between 2008 and 2017. Pouchoscopy data were used to calculate rates of inflammatory pouch conditions. Factors associated with outcomes in univariable analysis were investigated in multivariable analysis. RESULTS Of the 621 patients more than 18 years of age who underwent TPC with IPAA between January 2008 and December 2017, pouchoscopy data were available for 386 patients during a median follow-up period of 4 years. Acute pouchitis occurred in 205 patients (53%), 60 of whom (30%) progressed to chronic pouchitis. Cuffitis and Crohn's disease-like condition (CDLC) of the pouch occurred in 119 (30%) patients and 46 (12%) patients, respectively. In multivariable analysis, female sex was associated with a decreased risk of acute pouchitis, and pre-operative steroid use and medically refractory disease were associated with an increased risk; IBDU was associated with chronic pouchitis; rectal cuff length ≥2 cm and medically refractory disease were associated with cuffitis; age 45-54 at colectomy was associated with CDLC. Rates of pouch failure were similar in chronic pouchitis and CDLC patients treated with biologics and those who were not. CONCLUSIONS Inflammatory pouch conditions are common. Biologic use for chronic pouchitis and CDLC does not impact the rate of pouch failure.
Parents’ gesture adaptations to children with autism spectrum disorder

Abstract The present study focused on parents’ social cue use in relation to young children's attention. Participants were ten parent–child dyads; all children were 36 to 60 months old and were either typically developing (TD) or were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children wore a head-mounted camera that recorded the proximate child view while their parent played with them. The study compared the following between the TD and ASD groups: (a) frequency of parent's gesture use; (b) parents’ monitoring of their child's face; and (c) how children looked at parents’ gestures. Results from Bayesian estimation indicated that, compared to the TD group, parents of children with ASD produced more gestures, more closely monitored their children's faces, and provided more scaffolding for their children's visual experiences. Our findings suggest the importance of further investigating parents’ visual and gestural scaffolding as a potential developmental mechanism for children's early learning, including for children with ASD.
Instar Determination of Blattella asahinai (Blattodea: Ectobiidae) From Digital Measurements of the Pronotum Using Gaussian Mixture Modeling and the Number of Cercal Annuli

Abstract The Asian cockroach, Blattella asahinai Mizukubo, has expanded its range throughout the southeastern United States since its introduction into Florida. Unlike its closest relative, the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), B. asahinai lives outdoors and can fly. There is little information on the biology and development of B. asahinai, including the number of instars during nymphal development. To estimate the number of instars of B. asahinai, nymphs were photographed, sexed, and the lengths and widths of their pronota were measured digitally. The number of instars of B. asahinai was estimated using Gaussian mixture models with the pronotal data. The most probable model and its clusters were selected to assign individuals to an instar. Instars were also determined by counting the number of cercal annuli of nymphs. Both clustering and cercal annuli indicated that B. asahinai most frequently had six instars when reared at 30°C. Growth did not strictly follow the Brooks-Dyar Rule, because nymphs had different numbers of instars and different growth patterns. Although Gaussian mixture models are not efficient for field sampling experiments, digital measurements may provide a way to estimate instars with live specimens in development studies without handling the animals in a way that may alter growth.
Is suicidality a mental disorder? Applying DSM-5 guidelines for new diagnoses

Abstract Suicidality-specific diagnoses have been proposed recently, but suicidologists are only just beginning to evaluate their merits. To advance this discussion, I introduce the term suicidal syndrome to describe the underlying entity, present a rationale for why a formal diagnosis is necessary, define the major features of the syndrome, and show how the syndrome could meet the requirements for new diagnostic candidates used in the development of the DSM-5. Against this backdrop, I examine common objections to a suicidality-specific diagnosis. Finally, I discuss several challenges with the creation of new diagnostic entities as they apply to suicidal syndrome.
Comparison of the proteome patterns of adipose-derived stem cells with those treated with selegiline using a two dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis

ABSTRACT Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) are multipotent and can transdifferentiate into neural stem cells. We investigated the transdifferentiation of ADSCs to neural phenotype (NP) cells using selegiline and two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). The perinephric and inguinal fat of rats was collected and used to isolate ADSCs that were characterized by immunophenotyping using flow cytometry. The ADSCs were differentiated into osteogenic and lipogenic cells. The NP cells were generated using 10−9 mM selegiline and characterized by immunocytochemical staining of nestin and neurofilament 68 (NF-68), and by qRT-PCR of nestin, neurod1 and NF68. Total protein of ADSCs and NP cells was extracted and their proteome patterns were examined using 2-DE. ADSCs carried CD73, CD44 and CD90 cell markers, but not CD34. ADSCs were differentiated into osteocyte and adipocyte lineages. The differentiated NP cells expressed nestin, neuro d1 and NF-68. The proteome pattern of ADSCs was compared with that of NP cells and eight spots showed more than a two fold increase in protein expression. The molecular weights and isoelectric points of these highly expressed proteins were estimated using Melanie software. We compared these results with those of the mouse proteomic database using the protein isoelectric point database, and the functions of the eight proteins in differentiation of NP cells were predicted using the UniProt database. The probable identities of the proteins that showed higher expression in NP cells included cholinesterase, GFRa2, protein kinase C (PKC-eta) and RING finger protein 121. The sequences of the proteins identified from mouse database were aligned by comparing them with similar proteins in rat database using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). The E values of all aligned proteins were zero, which indicates consistency of the matched protein. These proteins participate in differentiation of the neuron and their overexpression causes ADSCs transdifferentiation into NP cells.
The association between retinol-binding protein 4 and prediabetes in obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Abstract Context Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is associated with visceral fat and insulin resistance (IR) in obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but some of these data remain controversial. Objective This study evaluated the relationship between serum RBP4 levels and prediabetes in obese patients with NAFLD. Methods A total of 79 obese NAFLD patients without (n = 41) and with prediabetes (n = 38) were included. Serum RBP4 was measured using ELISA method. Results Higher RBP4 serum levels were observed in patients with prediabetes, metabolic syndrome (MetS), or dyslipidaemia. There was correlation between RBP4 levels and visceral adiposity index (VAI), glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and Quicki index. RBP4 ≥ 61 mcg/ml have about 3.5-fold higher risk of prediabetes (OR 3.544, 95% CI 1.385–9.072, p=.008), and RBP4 ≥ 55 mcg/ml increased the risk for MetS approximately 3.1 times. Conclusions RBP4 is associated with increased risk for prediabetes and MetS in obese patients with NAFLD.
Increasing knowledge in IGF1R defects: lessons from 35 new patients

Background The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) is a keystone of fetal growth regulation by mediating the effects of IGF-I and IGF-II. Recently, a cohort of patients carrying an IGF1R defect was described, from which a clinical score was established for diagnosis. We assessed this score in a large cohort of patients with identified IGF1R defects, as no external validation was available. Furthermore, we aimed to develop a functional test to allow the classification of variants of unknown significance (VUS) in vitro. Methods DNA was tested for either deletions or single nucleotide variant (SNV) and the phosphorylation of downstream pathways studied after stimulation with IGF-I by western blot analysis of fibroblast of nine patients. Results We detected 21 IGF1R defects in 35 patients, including 8 deletions and 10 heterozygous, 1 homozygous and 1 compound-heterozygous SNVs. The main clinical characteristics of these patients were being born small for gestational age (90.9%), short stature (88.2%) and microcephaly (74.1%). Feeding difficulties and varying degrees of developmental delay were highly prevalent (54.5%). There were no differences in phenotypes between patients with deletions and SNVs of IGF1R. Functional studies showed that the SNVs tested were associated with decreased AKT phosphorylation. Conclusion We report eight new pathogenic variants of IGF1R and an original case with a homozygous SNV. We found the recently proposed clinical score to be accurate for the diagnosis of IGF1R defects with a sensitivity of 95.2%. We developed an efficient functional test to assess the pathogenicity of SNVs, which is useful, especially for VUS.
TP53 mutations and relevance of expression of TP53 pathway genes in paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia

Limited data are available on the incidence and impact of TP53 alterations and TP53 pathway deregulation in paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We analysed TP53 alterations in bone marrow samples of 229 patients with de novo paediatric AML, and detected heterozygous missense exon mutations in two patients (1%) and 17p deletions of the TP53 gene in four patients (2%). These patients more frequently had complex karyotype (50% vs. 4%, P = 0·002) or adverse cytogenetic abnormalities, including complex karyotype (67% vs. 17%, P = 0·013), compared to TP53 wild‐type. Differential expression of TP53 pathway genes was associated with poor survival, indicating a role for TP53 regulators and effector genes.
Diagnosis and Management of Functional Chest Pain in the Rome IV Era

Functional chest pain accounts for about a third of the patients with noncardiac chest pain. It is a very common functional esophageal disorder that remains even today a management challenge to the practicing physician. Based on the definition offered by the Rome IV criteria, diagnosis of functional chest pain requires a negative workup of noncardiac chest pain patients that includes, proton pump inhibitor test or empirical proton pump inhibitor trial, endoscopy with esophageal mucosal biopsies, reflux testing, and esophageal manometry. The mainstay of treatment are neuromodulators that are primarily composed of anti-depressants. Alternative medicine and psychological interventions may be provided alone or in combination with other therapeutic modalities.
Approaching treatment of transplant‐associated thrombotic Microangiopathy from two directions with Eculizumab and transitioning from Tacrolimus to Sirolimus

In the past, conventional treatment strategies for transplant‐associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA‐TMA) have not proven to be very effective. Recently, eculizumab which is a humanized monoclonal antibody that works as a terminal complement inhibitor has demonstrated promise in the treatment landscape of TA‐TMA.
PROSPECTS AND LIMITATIONS OF DAIRYING IN GUJRANWALA DISTRICT (PUNJAB -PAKISTAN)

A study involvingsurveyof 120respondents of different categories from district Gujranwala (Punjab-Pakistan)was conducted to investigate the trends in dairying Average milk production of cows and buffaloes was found to be 4.50 and 6.53 lit. /day respectively. Milk is mostly (98.3 %) consumedasfreshprocessedand marketed to milk col lectorsin raw form. Combined animal feeding was the common practice with no special dietary allowancefor high yielder s. Average green fodder offered to lactating cows and buffaloes was found to be 43.49 ±2.67 and 59.03 ±1.39 kg/head/day, whereas corresponding values for dry cows and buffaloes were 26.46 ±2.13 and 39.48 ±1.58 kg/day, respectively. Lactating animals were preferred for concentrate feeding.
Sparsely Connected Neural Network for Massive MIMO Detection

Deeping learning can achieve high parallelism and robustness, which is especially suitable for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detection. There are already some well-developed deep learning models applied to MIMO detection, in which detection network is a typical representative model with excellent performance, but its complexity is high. This paper aims to simplify the detection network model, and the simplification runs through the entire data processing. This simplification includes three improvements. First, the number of inputs is reduced to simplify inputs; Second, the network connection structure is simplified by changing network from full connectivity to sparsely connectivity and reducing the number of network layers by half. Third, the loss function optimizes to avoid irreversible problems with the matrix. Base on the above improvements, the complexity of the network is reduced from $\mathcal{O}(64n^{2})$ to $\mathcal{O}(3n)$. The simulation results indicates that the proposed structure has better performance than the existing detection network.
Caracterización del “veranillo” en dos cuencas de la vertiente del Pacífico de Costa Rica, América Central

El Pacifico Norte de Costa Rica es una extensa area que incluye importantes ecosistemas costeros de nuestro pais, como manglares, arrecifes coralinos, playas arenosas, zonas rocosas, y recursos pesqueros que dan sustento a varias comunidades costeras. Ademas, alberga el Area de Conservacion Guanacaste y el Area de Conservacion Tempisque, Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservacion (SINAC) del Ministerio del Ambiente. Muchos esfuerzos de investigacion se han concentrado en Bahia Culebra, Golfo de Papagayo, uno de los tres sistemas de afloramiento costero del Pacifico Tropical del Este. Adicionalmente, Costa Rica cuenta con cuatro Unidades Ecologicas Marinas en la ecorregion de Nicoya, dentro de la cual dos de ellas, la UEM Papagayo y la UEM Cabo Blanco, contienen cuatro sitios de gran interes ecologico y de conservacion: Bahia Santa Elena, Golfo de Papagayo, Punta Gorda-Punta Pargos y Cabo Blanco. El presente Suplemento de la Revista de Biologia Tropical (Volumen 62, Suplemento 4, diciembre 2014) es un producto del proyecto 808-B2-400 “Estudios cientificos en la costa del Pacifico Norte, Costa Rica”, cuyas investigaciones contemplan estudios en los cuatro sitios mencionados. El mismo se desarrollo con fondos de la Asociacion Costa Rica por Siempre, a traves de la Agencia de Cooperacion Alemana (GiZ) y de la Vicerrectoria de Investigacion de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Le agradecemos a todos y cada uno de los autores por el esfuerzo, dedicacion y cuidado en la preparacion de los manuscritos y etapas posteriores. Nuestros mas sincero agradecimiento a los revisores, ello y ellas hacen que el producto final sea de mejor calidad cientifica y comunicativa. Finalmente, le damos las gracias al personal de la Revista de Biologia Tropical por su apoyo con este Suplemento y otros. Agradecemos profundamente la dedicacion de los revisores de manuscritos del Suplemento “Investigaciones cientificas en la costa del Pacifico Norte de Costa Rica / Scientific Research on the North Pacific Coast of Costa Rica”. Gracias a su ayuda los trabajos son mejores.