Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Gamma Radiation on Furan Formation in Ready-to-Eat Products and their Ingredients

Besides meat as the major component, ready-to-eat (RTE) meat and poultry products often contain ingredients such as Na-ascorbate, Na-erythorbate, glucose, honey, corn syrup, and Na-nitrite. Furan is a potential carcinogen and information is needed on its formation in irradiated RTE products. In the present study, we investigated the generation of irradiation-induced furan in aqueous solutions of those ingredients, and in 9 RTE food products (8 meat and poultry-based and 1 vegetable burger). Irradiation at doses up to 4.5 kGy induced formation of furan in aqueous solutions of Na-ascorbate, Na-erythorbate, glucose, honey, and corn syrup. Addition of Na-nitrite into these solutions prior to irradiation completely eliminated, or significantly reduced, furan formation. Most of the nonirradiated RTE products contained less than 1 ng/g of furan, except for beef and turkey frankfurters which contained 6 to 8 ng/g furan. Exposure of RTE food products to 4.5 kGy radiation in the nonfrozen state (5 °C) or to 10 kGy radiation in the frozen state (−18 °C) did not significantly increase furan levels in most of the samples. Furthermore, the irradiation treatments reduced furan levels in samples (that is, frankfurters) that contained more than 3 ng/g of furan. Our results suggested that irradiation induces furan formation in solutions of many RTE food ingredients, but not in RTE meat and poultry products themselves.
Institutional Differences, Foreign Ownership Modes, Marketing Capabilities and Domestic Technological Catch-up: Evidence from India

This research examines FDI-mediated domestic firms’ technological catch-up by considering institutional differences between home and host countries, the role of marketing capabilities, and the joint effects of institutional differences and the degree of foreign ownership. Using firm-level panel data for Indian manufacturing industries, we find that FDI-mediated technological catch-up in domestic firms is conditional on institutional differences between the home and host country of multinational enterprises and the level of marketing capabilities of foreign-owned affiliates. In addition, we find that technological catch-up in domestic firms is likely to be positively influenced by the presence of wholly foreign-owned firms from institutionally close countries, whereas we find some evidence that the presence of minority foreign-owned firms may have a negative effect on domestic technological catch-up, regardless of institutional differences. We also provide theoretical and policy implications of our findings.
The association of Cyp1A1 gene polymorphisms with Cyp1A1 enzymes, p53 protein, and vascular endothelial growth factor levels in pterygium

CYP1A1 gene, a carcinogenic metabolisms enzymes encoded gene, was previously found to be detected in pterygium tissue. We aimed to determine the association between CYP1A1m1 (rs4646903) polymorphisms with CYP1A1 enzymes, p53 protein, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level in patients with inflammatory and non-inflammatory pterygium. DNA isolation was performed from a blood sample of 70 pterygium patients consisting of 35 inflammatory and 35 non-inflammatory pterygia. Rs 4646903 SNP Genotyping T> C (m1) in the CYP1A1 gene was performed using restriction fragment length polymorphisms-PCR (RFLP-PCR). PCR products confirmed and sent to Macrogen, South Korea for sequencing. Polymorphism results are characterized as wild type (TT), mutant homozygote (TC), and mutant heterozygote (CC). CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms consist of mutant heterozygote (TC), mutant homozygote (CC) and wild type (TT). In both groups, the heterozygote mutant was higher than the wild type and mutant homozygote. The CYP1A1 enzyme level was higher in inflammatory pterygium, P53 protein levels were higher in the non-inflammatory group, and VEGF levels were higher in the inflammatory group. CYP1A1 polymorphisms were not associated with CYP1A1 enzyme levels, p53 protein levels, and VEGF in both groups. CYP1A1 gene polymorphism has not been shown to be associated with levels of CYP1A1 enzymes, p53 and VEGF in both pterygium groups.
Capture of lysozyme on macroporous cryogels by hydrophobic affinity chromatography

ABSTRACT Different protocols for functionalization of cryogels with L-tryptophan were tested for the lysozyme adsorption. The effect of ionic strength and pH on the adsorptive capacity ( ) was investigated. The morphological, thermal, and mechanical properties of the cryogels were determined. A maximum adsorption for lysozyme (58.030 mg g–1) was achieved when 5% (v/v) of glutaraldehyde (at pH 6.0) and no methanol were used during the cryogel functionalization. The hydrophobic cryogel presented a porosity of 0.666. A strong single band at 14.3 kDa was visualized in SDS-PAGE, indicating that the hydrophobic affinity cryogels was efficient for the lysozyme capture.
Comparison of two isolation methods for extracellular vesicles from Faecalibacterium prausnitzii A2-165

Introduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are spherical structures, naturally secreted by Gram-negative and Grampositive bacteria. EVs play a critical role in the modulation of immune responses, bioactive cargo delivery, and cellcell communication. The conventional method of EVs preparation involves the use of detergent (ultracentrifugation method). For the first time, we used a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based method in our study to isolate EVs from prokaryotic cells, namely Faecalibacterium prausnitzii A2-165. We then compared various features of this method with those of the ultracentrifugation method. Methods: Extraction of EVs was performed via sequential deoxycholate ultracentrifugation and PEG-based methods. The physicochemical properties of the extracted EVs were compared via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SDS-PAGE, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Results: The protein content of the extracted EVs was 1.6 and 0.5 mg/mL, based on the ultracentrifugation and PEG-based methods, respectively. According to the SDS-PAGE analysis, vesicle-associated proteins were located at 20-150 kDa. The SEM analysis showed that the extracted EVs had a diameter of 50-200 nm in both methods. The results of DLS analysis showed 4 populations of approximately 50-8000 nm in the ultracentrifugation method and approximately 100-2000 nm in the PEG-based method. The EVs extracted by the ultracentrifugation method showed higher negative charge densities in contrast to EVs extracted by the PEG-based method. Conclusion: Our result showed that PEG-based extraction is a fast, simple, and cost-effective method and EVs purity was within the acceptable range. Further studies are needed to confirm the safety and the efficacy of EVs in clinical practices, especially as vaccine delivery vehicles.
Success Factors For Technology Aided Peer Assessment To Improve Oral Presentation Skill

This study is critical success factors for technology aided peer assessment to improve oral presentation skill among engineering students. The study utilized qualitative research aimed at determining the success factors of using technology aided peer assessment on oral presentation. 15 participants were selected from language instructors from language institute, Tehran, Iran. In this regard, the specific objectives are to identify the perceptions of teachers towards the use of technology aided peer assessment. It is to explore critical success factors of using technology and to investigate how to improve oral presentation based on language instructors’ views. For this, the instruments used in this study were questionnaire to determine critical success factors toward using technology aided (instant messenger application) peer assessment and its effects on the engineering students’ oral presentation and also to investigate whether the technology aided peer assessment can significantly influence the improvement of oral presentation. Findings of the current study illustrated how technology aided peer assessment can be acquired by utilizing the online applications as useful tools in improving oral presentation significantly and help language instructors to recognize and deal with each student’s improvement in oral presentation after using technology in assessment. © 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.UK
Antarctic sea‐ice variation associated with vertical geopotential height and temperature anomalies

It is well‐known that the increasing zonal‐mean trend of sea‐ice concentration (SIC) surrounding Antarctica is up to 2015 so this paper first summarized this trend with opposing regional trends in each season along the latitude band 60°–70°S during 1979–2015. The surface wind trends can partly explain the observed regional SIC trends. By analysing the surface wind, as well as the tropospheric geopotential height (GPH) and temperature trends, the study revealed that the increasing zonal‐mean SIC trend and opposing regional SIC trends surrounding Antarctica are vertically associated with GPH and temperature trends in the troposphere. This relationship is also found in extreme years for seven SIC maximum and four SIC minimum autumns from 1979 to 2015, particularly reconfirmed in the two SIC minimum autumns of 2017 and 2018, indicating that a positive regional SIC anomaly is vertically associated with an anomalously cold air mass centred around 850 hPa in the troposphere which is located beneath a negative GPH anomaly at the upper troposphere, and vice versa.
Rural nurse managers’ perspectives of factors shaping the decision to enter management

Ensuring high performing individuals are employed in the pivotal role of nurse manager is key to meeting healthcare organizational goals. Retirements and a global shortage of nurses emphasize the urgent need to cultivate effective nurse manager recruitment strategies. Recruitment in rural areas is especially challenging. Despite the need for effective recruitment, little research has been done to provide guidance. The purpose of this exploratory descriptive study is to provide a greater understanding of factors that inspire nurses to pursue nurse manager positions in rural settings. The study retrospectively explored with nurse managers, what factors encouraged them to become managers. The overall research question is: “What factors within their experience impacted participants work motivation, organizational commitment, and extrarole behaviors leading them toward acquiring a rural nurse management position? Findings provide valuable information to guide rural health care organizations in developing effective nurse manager recruitment strategies.
H ∞ performance analysis and distributed filtering for spatially interconnected systems over specified frequency ranges

ABSTRACT This paper is concerned with performance analysis and distributed filtering for spatially interconnected systems (SISs) over specified frequency ranges, including entire frequency (EF) range and finite frequency (FF) range. The main idea is based on a reformed Parseval's theorem for SISs, in which some novel frequency domain spaces and modified Fourier transformations are formulated to explore the various relationships they have with the time domain spaces. After that, an equivalent frequency domain interpretation for the time domain property of SISs is built, and two numerically verifiable equivalent conditions are formulated to guarantee performance. Furthermore, we investigate the performance of SISs over finite frequency range, which is termed as finite frequency (FF) bounded realness for SISs. Then, the derived results are applied to solve the distributed filtering problem of SISs, and a practical example is finally given to show the viability of the proposed method.
An Intelligent Detection of High-Impedance Faults for Distribution Lines Integrated With Distributed Generators

The high-impedance faults (HIF) occurring on distribution lines go undetected by the conventional relays due to their low current magnitude. In addition to low current, HIFs also exhibit typical characteristic features, such as randomness, nonlinearity, etc., which are similar to the characteristics of the switching events, such as harmonic load switching. The advent of distributed generators (DG) into the distribution system, changes the current contribution through the substation, which also affects the HIF detection. This paper presents an intelligent HIF detection technique for distribution lines incorporating the DGs. Variational mode decomposition (VMD) is used to extract the input patterns. The commonly used empirical mode decomposition has limitation of modal aliasing that is overcome by VMD. VMD decomposes the signal into different modes that are further converted to singular values so as to obtain the analytic signal. These are finally used as an input to an efficient classifier known as the support vector machine, to create an intelligent classifier. The proposed methodology is verified on a modified IEEE 13-bus feeder for various events considering the changes in DG parameters and also the noise levels.
Detecting Sybil nodes in stationary wireless sensor networks using learning automaton and client puzzles

A well-known harmful attack against wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the Sybil attack. In a Sybil attack, WSN is destabilised by a malicious node which forges a large number of fake identities to disrupt network protocols such as routing, data aggregation, and fair resource allocation. In this study, the authors suggest a new algorithm based on a composition of learning automaton (LA) model and client puzzles theory to identify Sybil nodes in stationary WSNs. In the proposed algorithm, each node sends puzzles to its neighbours periodically during the network lifetime and tries to identify Sybil nodes among them, considering their response time (puzzle solving time). In this algorithm, each node equipped with a LA to reduce the communication and computation overhead of sending and solving puzzles. The proposed algorithm has been simulated using J-SIM simulator and simulation results have shown that the proposed algorithm can detect 100% of Sybil nodes and the false detection rate is about 5% on average. Also, the performance of the proposed algorithm has been compared to a wellknown neighbour-based algorithm through experiments and the results have shown that the proposed algorithm is significantly better than this algorithm in terms of detection and false detection rates.
Investigating the Efficacy of Pre-Licensure Clinical Interprofessional Education

All rights reserved. This publication is intended for use solely by faculty, students, and staff of Nova Southeastern University. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, now known or later developed, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the author or the publisher.
KNOWLEDGE, ADHERENCE AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that can be controlled to improve quality of life. The aims of this study were to analyze the relationship between knowledge, adherence and quality of life in diabetic patients. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the out-patients department of Regional Hospital in Bantul, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. Data were collected between September and October 2017 using quota sampling. Knowledge was assessed using DKQ 24, adherence was assessed using ProMAS, while quality of life was assessed using EQ-5D-5L. Of total 200 patients, majority were female (58%), age ≥ 60 years (61.5%), unemployed (66.5%), first grade education (39%), monthly income > IDR 2 million (38.5%), diagnosed DM type 2 for 5-10 years (36%), without complication (68%), consume 4-6 drugs (57%), prescribed combination of oral and insulin (46.5%) and experienced of adverse events (55%). Patients were in the moderate knowledge (61%), moderate to high adherence (47.5%) and the average of patient's utility score was 0.793 with the biggest problem was on the pain/discomfort dimension. There is relationship between gender, education, income and duration of diagnosed type 2 DM with knowledge level (p<0.05). The relationship between gender, complications and number of drugs with quality of life was found (p <0.05). Adherence was also related to quality of life (p<0.01) and correlation coefficient of 0.307. These results indicate that health care personnel still need to pay attention on factors influence the level of knowledge, adherence and quality of life.
Modelling the neurobiology of Alzheimer’s disease in vitro

i Acknowledgments . iv Certification . viii List of abbreviations . ix Table of contents . xiii List of figures . xix List of tables . xxiii List of publications and presentations . xxiv Chapter
The Interdependence of Debt and Innovation Sustainability: Evidence from the Onset of Credit Default Swaps

Innovation sustainability requires sustainable financing. Extensive research suggests that debt is a disfavored source of innovation financing. In this study, we show that a recent financial development, credit default swaps (CDSs), may change the institutional logics of debt, making debt useful to the financing innovation. To be specific, we find that with CDS protection, creditors become less concerned with a borrowing firm’s credit risk and risk taking, making debt tolerant of early failures and reducing the negative impact of debt on the process of Innovation. In addition, we find that the availability of CDSs is more likely to change the nature of long-term debt than that of short-term debt, making long-term debt a useful instrument for the financing of innovation. Finally, the mitigation effect of CDS on the relation between debt and innovation is more pronounced for CDS firms with higher pay sensitivity to stock price volatility (Vega) and less financial constraints, revealing that a CEO’s incentive, rather than the relaxed financing constraints, is the underlying channel for the reduced negative impact of debt on innovation after CDS trading.
Longitudinal Changes in Empathy Across the Life Span in Six Samples of Human Development

The development of empathy is a hotly debated topic. Some studies find declines and others an inverse U-shaped pattern in empathy across the life span. Yet other studies find no age-related changes. Most of this research is cross sectional, and the few longitudinal studies have their limitations. The current study addresses these limitations by examining changes in empathy in six longitudinal samples (total N = 740, age 13–72). In a preliminary study (N = 784), we created and validated a measure of empathy out of the California Adult Q-Sort. The samples were combined for multilevel analyses in a variant of an accelerated longitudinal design. We found that empathy increased across the life span, particularly after age 40, and more recent cohorts were higher in empathy.
The Interdependence of Principal School Leadership and Student Achievement.

This review illuminated principal school leadership as a variable that impacted achievement. The principal as school leader and manager was explored because these roles were thought to impact student achievement both directly and indirectly. Specifi c principal leadership behaviors and principal effectiveness were explored as variables potentially impacting both teachers and student achievement. Leadership was considered a variable that could improve teacher effi cacy although it could also diminish this capacity when school leadership was ineffective.
Awareness and Use of Solar Energy as Alternative Power Source for ICT Facilities in Nigerian University Libraries and Information Centres

One of the major hindrances to the penetration of information and communication technology (ICT) devices in underserved and unserved areas in the developing nations is the absence and inadequacy of electricity to power technological devices. Inadequate supply from the national grid, land and water pollution from oil spillage in the oil producing communities among other factors have led Nigeria and indeed the world to look for alternative power supply such as solar energy. Unfortunately, utilization and development of solar energy is rising in other parts of the world but encountered with low pace of development and utilization in Nigeria. This paper reports a survey carried out to investigate the awareness and use of solar energy as alternative power source for ICT facilities in Nigerian library and information centres. Descriptive research design using survey method was adopted for this study. Questionnaire was designed and used as survey instrument. The population for this study includes the staff of three Nigerian university libraries. This study finds that all the respondents have good knowledge of what solar energy is Majority of the respondents have experienced solar energy as alternative power source for ICT before. They have also read and heard about solar energy as alternative power source. They were therefore well informed about solar energy equipment as majority of them have alternative power source (mostly power generating sets) in their libraries. They were also aware that solar energy can power their ICT equipment as they also believe that using solar energy, erratic power supply can be mitigated to a large extent. Conclusions were drawn based on the findings of the study and recommendations offered. Keyword: Awareness, Use, Solar energy, Alternative power source, ICT, Library and Information Centres, Nigeria.
Labour market institutions, shocks and the employment rate

The average employment rate for the OECD countries was close to 63 percent in the period 2000-2015 but there is considerable variation within and between countries. We find that a dynamic model for employment, derived from a multiple equation macro model with institutional and population variables, can explain much of the development. The estimated models capture the dynamics well and they imply interpretable estimates of the normal employment rate level, conditional on the state of the institutional variables in 2015. The estimated normal employment rate is 2 percentage points higher when shocks are included in the model, implying that shocks have persistent effects. Regulations of the labour market are important for the effect of shocks. Regulated labour markets amplify positive shocks while negative shocks are dampened compared to less regulated labour markets. In the estimation of the models, we use standard panel data estimators, as well as a version of the within-group estimator which is robust to structural breaks in the means. Empirically we find that some of the estimated coefficients of the institutional variables are robust with respect to the breaks, while others are not. We find that the interaction effect between benefit replacement ratio and benefit duration is robust, and that is can significantly affect the employment rate. This result implies that changes in replacement ratios (or duration) may be expected to have larger impacts in countries where duration (or replacement ratio) is long compared to countries characterized by short duration (or replacement ratio).