Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organizational socialization of women in the Italian Army: Learning processes and proactive tactics

Purpose – This study aims to examine the organizational socialization of women soldiers in the Italian Army.Design/methodology/approach – Following an interactionist interpretation of socialization, a model was tested to determine the influence of organizational socialization tactics, proactive behaviours, supervisor support on organizational identification, and cohesion of teamwork. This study used a comparative research design. The sample consisted of 324 soldiers, 43 per cent of whom are men and 57 per cent per cent are women.Findings – Structural equation models showed the influences exerted by general socialization and by the acquisition of organizational values/goals on the outcomes of socialization. Multisample analysis showed gender differences. Compared to men, women seemed to set greater value on tutoring by expert colleagues. Women also seemed to value the support provided by their superiors for learning the organizational values and goals on which the degree of identification with the military.
Differences in Export Behavior of Services and Manufacturing Firms in Slovenia

We provide new comprehensive evidence on similarities and differences in export Behavior of Slovenian manufacturing and services firms by using detailed firm-level panel data for Slovenia. Main findings show that export Behavior in these two types of firms is similar and in line with the big picture that is by now familiar from the literature. Slovenian exporting services firms are more productive than non-exporting firms when observed and unobserved heterogeneity are controlled for. Export premia of services firms is even larger than for exporting manufacturing firms. Similarly, pre-entry premia over non-exporters is even larger than for manufacturing firms. We find some evidence of significant learning-by-exporting effects for services firms, but only when using the Levinsohn and Petrin measure of total factor productivity.
Operational Testing: From Basics to System-of- Systems Capabilities

This article examines the need to develop and implement a System of Systems (SoS) operational test methodology and supporting infrastructure in the U.S. Air Force (USAF). It discusses impacts on the acquisition and decision authority communities at large, with emphasis on operational testing in particular. Beginning with the fundamental requirements for testing, the article presents the realities of the effect of the Information Age on those requirements. The current progress in developing the acquisition business model and the technical capabilities to facilitate SoS test are reviewed. The authors then provide a plausible way ahead that will leverage training and testing capabilities through integrated venues.
Psychiatric morbidity among third year medical students at the Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

IntroductionDifferent psychiatric disorders are found to be underrecognized yet common and treatable among medical students. Various studies have shown that medical students are subjected to considerable stress over the last decades. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of clinically significant psychiatric morbidity among third year medical students, to explore the effects of the sociodemographic background for these outcomes, and to analyze sex differences with regard to selected psychiatric morbidities. It was preferable to have our study on this educational year as this year is considered a transition from preclinical to clinical training and it is also considered as a crucial stage of medical school, with regard to student stress, at which medical students begin to grasp an image of their future profession. MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out among third year medical students from the Ain Shams University. They were assessed using the Social Classification Scale and Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition to assess psychiatric morbidity. ResultsThe response rate was 98.9%. Prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among our medical student sample was 59.9%. There was no significant statistical difference between psychological morbidity and any of the sociodemographic variables. The most prevalent psychiatric diagnosis was found to be depression (47.9%), followed by generalized anxiety disorder (44.9%), and obsessive–compulsive disorder (44.4%), the least prevalent of which was anorexia nervosa (0.7%). ConclusionA significantly high proportion of medical students (59.9%) had ongoing psychiatric condition and proactive interventions should be addressed to encourage those medical students to seek help for their psychiatric problems. Counseling and preventive mental health services should be an integral part of the routine clinical facilities caring for medical students.
Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in China: A Research Agenda for Science and Technology Studies

China’s air pollution has reached a critical state, and is characterized by heavy coal smoke and a wide presence of ozone and particulate matter (PM2.5). From 2011, through the 12th five year plan, the prevention and control of air pollution entered a new ‘transition stage’ guided by the principles of sustainability and energy conservation, and also intensified by pressure from the society. This article is divided into two parts: first, it introduces the most important changes, problems and advances during this transition, including a brief explanation of the policy mechanisms. Second, it illustrates how research in the area of Science and Technology Studies (STS) can bring about new ways to understand the problems of the knowledge-policy and public engagement of air pollution in China.
Novel location data reveal spatiotemporal strategies used by a central-place forager

Central-place foragers in risky landscapes experience conflicting behavioral demands that they must balance by appropriately adjusting how they move throughout their home ranges. We used novel mini-GPS technology and time local convex hull analyses to determine how golden-mantled ground squirrels (Callospermophilus lateralis) use a spatiotemporal strategy to optimize foraging early in the year when individuals are in an energy deficit. By using serial correlation from GPS data, we could better understand how individuals use a time management strategy influenced by distance traveled from the burrow, location of food patches, location of refuge patches, and vegetative cover type. Individuals maximized time spent in food patches rather than in travel corridors or at the burrow, suggesting the need to forage was prioritized. Individuals spent more time at patches farther from the burrow relative to nearer patches, potentially as a function of intermittent antipredator vigilance activity and energy optimization. Individuals also had high rates of revisitation, but low visit duration, in risky canopy cover types, suggesting that individuals used areas of low vegetative understory cover to travel efficiently between highvalue food patches. Increased predation risk incurred while traveling in these open areas was possibly offset by use of refuges. Understanding these spatiotemporal movement patterns and how they relate to dynamic intrinsic and extrinsic demands has the potential to redefine optimal foraging behavior and better inform management and conservation practices.
A critique of simple name-retrieval models of spoken word planning

Simple name-retrieval models of spoken word planning (Bloem & La Heij, 2003; Starreveld & La Heij, 1996) maintain (1) that there are two levels in word planning, a conceptual and a lexical phonological level, and (2) that planning a word in both object naming and oral reading involves the selection of a lexical phonological representation. Here, the name retrieval models are compared to more complex models with respect to their ability to account for relevant data. It appears that the name retrieval models cannot easily account for several relevant findings, including some speech error biases, types of morpheme errors, and context effects on the latencies of responding to pictures and words. New analyses of the latency distributions in previous studies also pose a challenge. More complex models account for all these findings. It is concluded that the name retrieval models are too simple and that the greater complexity of the other models is warranted.
Simple FPGA routing graph compression

Modern FPGAs continue to increase in capacity which requires more memory to run the CAD flow. The routing resource graph, which is needed by the detailed router, is a memory hungry data structure which describes all of the physical resources and programmable connections within an FPGA. We propose a compression scheme to reduce the memory requirements of the routing resource graph. The scheme is simple to apply and requires only trivial changes to the FPGA detailed routing algorithm. The approach does not require any assumptions about the FPGA routing architecture. Numerical results show excellent compression (as much as 3.6X overall memory reduction) with only a slight increase (~20% on average) on the router runtime as a consequence of the routing graph compression.
The Dynamics of Informal Care Provision in an Australian Household Panel Survey: Previous Work Characteristics and Future Care Provision

This study contributes to a small literature on the dynamics of informal care by examining the informal care provision choices of working age Australians. We focus on the impact of previous work characteristics (including work security and flexibility) on subsequent care provision decisions and distinguish between care that is provided to people who cohabit and people who reside elsewhere, as well as between the provision of care as the primary caregiver, or in a secondary caring role. Our dynamic framework of informal care provision accounts for state-dependence, unobserved heterogeneity and initial conditions. For both males and females, we find the existence of positive state-dependence in all care states in both the short- and medium-term. Furthermore, the inertia in care provision appears to be stronger for more intensive care. We also find previous employment status has a significant deterrent effect on current care provision decisions. The effects on employment, however, differ according to the type of previous work, the type of care currently provided, and the gender of the caregiver. We also find that workers with perceptions of greater job security are nevertheless less likely to provide subsequent care. Our results also suggest that workers’ perceptions about work flexibility and their stated overall satisfaction with work actually have no impact on their subsequent decisions to provide care in any capacity.
A concise review of the natural existance, synthesis, properties, and applications of syringaldehyde

Syringaldehyde is a promising aromatic aldehyde that no longer deserves to remain in obscurity. It possesses worthy bioactive properties and is, therefore, used in pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, textiles, pulp and paper industries, and even in biological control applications. Mostly, the synthetic form of syringaldehyde is being used. This review serves as an appraisal of potential research and commercialization of naturally occurring syringaldehyde beyond the scope of the food and cosmetic industries. This article also provides a comprehensive account of the various conventional extraction and chromatographic techniques used in the separation, isolation, and quantification of syringaldehyde. Further, to understand this unique compound, a brief outline on the natural formation of syringaldehyde in lignin is accentuated in this article.
Leverage, CEO Risk-Taking Incentives and Bank Failure during the 2007-2010 Financial Crisis

We propose a simple measure of the risk-taking incentives of the CEOs of highly levered financial institutions, levered delta, which captures the incentives to take on risk generated by CEOs' stock holdings. Using this measure, we find that stronger CEO risk-taking incentives prior to the 2007-2010 financial crisis are associated with a higher probability of bank failure during the crisis. We find no evidence that risk-taking incentives or bank failure are related to corporate governance failures. However, CEOs' risk-taking incentives appear to be aligned with shareholders' incentivesto shift risk to other claim holders.
On the Connection between Continental-Scale Land Surface Processes and the Tropical Climate in a Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Land System

AbstractAn evaluation is presented of the impact on tropical climate of continental-scale perturbations given by different representations of land surface processes (LSPs) in a general circulation model that includes atmosphere–ocean interactions. One representation is a simple land scheme, which specifies climatological albedos and soil moisture availability. The other representation is the more comprehensive Simplified Simple Biosphere Model, which allows for interactive soil moisture and vegetation biophysical processes.The results demonstrate that such perturbations have strong impacts on the seasonal mean states and seasonal cycles of global precipitation, clouds, and surface air temperature. The impact is especially significant over the tropical Pacific Ocean. To explore the mechanisms for such impact, model experiments are performed with different LSP representations confined to selected continental-scale regions where strong interactions of climate–vegetation biophysical processes are present. The.
A new high-resolution chronology for the late Maastrichtian warming event: Establishing robust temporal links with the onset of Deccan volcanism

The late Maastrichtian warming event was defined by a global temperature increase of ∼2.5–5 °C that occurred ∼150–300 k.y. before the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction. This transient warming event has traditionally been associated with a major pulse of Deccan Traps (west-central India) volcanism; however, large uncertainties associated with radiogenic dating methods have long hampered a definitive correlation. Here we present a new high-resolution, single species, benthic stable isotope record from the South Atlantic, calibrated to an updated orbitally tuned age model, to provide a revised chronology of the event, which we then correlate to the latest radiogenic dates of the main Deccan Traps eruption phases. Our data reveal that the initiation of deep-sea warming coincides, within uncertainty, with the onset of the main phase of Deccan volcanism, strongly suggesting a causal link. The onset of deep-sea warming is synchronous with a 405 k.y. eccentricity minimum, excluding a control by orbital forcing alone, although amplified carbon cycle sensitivity to orbital precession is evident during the greenhouse warming. A more precise understanding of Deccan-induced climate change paves the way for future work focusing on the fundamental role of these precursor climate shifts in the K-Pg mass extinction.
Integral field spectroscopy of 2.0 < z < 2.7 submillimetre galaxies: gas morphologies and kinematics

We present 2D, integral field spectroscopy covering the rest-frame wavelengths of strong optical emission lines in nine submillimetre luminous galaxies (SMGs) at 2.0 < z < 2.7. The Gemini-North/Near-Infrared Integral Field Spectrograph (NIFS) and Very Large Telescope (VLT) Spectrograph for INtegral Field Observations in the Near Infrared (SINFONI) imaging spectroscopy allow the mapping of the gas morphologies and dynamics within the sources, and we measure an average Hα velocity dispersion of 〈σ〉 = 220 ± 80 km s−1 and an average half-light radius of 〈r1/2〉 = 3.7 ± 0.8 kpc. The dynamical measure, 〈Vobs/2σ〉 = 0.9 ± 0.1, for the SMGs is higher than in more quiescent star-forming galaxies at the same redshift, highlighting a difference in the dynamics of the two populations. The far-infrared star formation rates (SFRs) of the SMGs, measured using Herschel-SPIRE† far-infrared photometry, are on average 370 ± 90 M⊙ yr−1, which is ∼2 times higher than the extinction-corrected SFRs of the more quiescent star-forming galaxies. Six of the SMGs in our sample show strong evidence for kinematically distinct multiple components with average velocity offsets of 200 ± 100 km s−1 and average projected spatial offsets of 8 ± 2 kpc, which we attribute to systems in the early stages of major mergers. Indeed, all SMGs are classified as mergers from a kinemetry analysis of the velocity and dispersion field asymmetry. We bring together our sample with the seven other SMGs with integral field unit observations to describe the ionized gas morphologies and kinematics in a sample of 16 SMGs. By comparing the velocity and spatial offsets of the SMG Hα components with subhalo offsets in the Millennium Simulation data base, we infer an average halo mass for SMGs in the range of 13 < log (M[h−1 M⊙]) < 14. Finally, we explore the relationship between the velocity dispersion and star formation intensity within the SMGs, finding that the gas motions are consistent with the Kennicutt–Schmidt law and a range of extinction corrections, although they might also be driven by the tidal torques from merging or even the star formation itself.
1 Effect of Plyometric Training on Speed and Change 2 of Direction Ability in Elite Field Hockey Players 3

This study investigated the effects of two plyometric training protocols on sprint and 12 change of direction (COD) performance in elite hockey players. A parallel-group randomized 13 controlled trial design was used and seventeen elite male and female field hockey players were 14 randomly allocated into either low-to-high (L-H, n = 8) or high-to-low (H-L, n = 9) training groups. 15 Each group performed separate variations of the drop jump exercise twice weekly for six weeks, 16 with an emphasis on either jump height (L-H) or drop height (H-L). Performance variables assessed 17 included sprint times over 10 m and 20 m, as well as 505 time. A two-way repeated measures 18 analysis of variance was performed and Cohen’s d effect sizes were calculated. The H-L group 19 displayed significant small ES improvement from baseline to post-training in the 10 m sprint (1.893 20 ± 0.08 s pre vs 1.851 ± 0.06 s post) (ES = −0.44) (P = <0.05). Small but not statistically significant 21 differences between groups were observed for 10 m and 20 m sprint performance, and no significant 22 differences were observed within or between groups for 505 time. These findings highlight the 23 difficulty in substantially enhancing speed and COD ability in highly trained athletic populations 24 through the addition of a low volume, short duration plyometric training protocol. 25
High-temperature structure and crystal chemistry of hydrous alkali-rich beryl from the Harding pegmatite , Taos County , New Mexico

The structure of hydrous Li-, Cs-, and Na-rich beryl from the Harding, New Mexico, pegmatite has been refined to an R factor of 0.050 using single-crystal X-ray methods. Alkali ions plus water molecules were located by difference Fourier methods in two sites within the channels paralleling c. Orientation of water molecules was determined from polarized IR spectra. The resulting structural formula is
A Study of the Role of the Parameterization of Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation for the Modeling of Microphysics and Precipitation of a Convective Cloud

AbstractEven though ice formation mechanisms in clouds probably obey all the same thermodynamic principles, the associated mechanical and thermal energy transfers differ with respect to the exact pathway and the associated phases. Consequently, heterogeneous ice nucleation parameterizations play an important role in cloud modeling.The 1.5D bin-resolved microphysics Detailed Scavenging Model (DESCAM) was used to assess the role of the parameterizations for different ice initiation processes. Homogeneous nucleation, deposition freezing, contact freezing, immersion freezing, and condensation freezing were treated explicitly, and their impacts alone and in competition with each other on cloud microphysics and precipitation were studied. The role of efficiently ice-nucleating bacteria on cloud evolution was addressed, as well as means to consider different chemical natures of ice nucleation particles.For the conditions studied, it was found that deposition and contact freezing only played a negligible role wit.
Clearing Murders

This study uses data from the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) to explore the impact of model selection on determining the association of victim-level and incident-level factors to the likelihood of homicide clearance. We compare both traditional operationalizations of clearance rates as well as the time to clearance as dependent variables in examinations of correlates of solvability in homicide cases. Using a different approach than most other analyses of this problem, the results affirm the consistency of some effects but also reveal some important differences when the aspect of time is factored into the model. Implications for analyses of efficiency and effectiveness of police response to homicide, cold-case analyses, and other strategies for solving crime are discussed.
Modeling of Martensitic Transformations in Pure Iron by a Phase Field Approach Using Information from Atomistic Simulation

A phase field approach for martensitic transformations is introduced. The parameters are determined due to results from molecular dynamic simulations for pure iron. The continuum model is provided with the atomistic input data to examine the evolution of microstructure in 2D, both under the influence of external load and for interface motion through the transformation induced eigenstrain. Therefore, different configurations of the two phases are used. In addition, the energy evolution of the system is studied in detail during the transformation process. The numerical implementation of the model is performed with finite elements while an implicit time integration scheme is applied for the transient terms.
Oscillatory exchange bias effect in FeNi/Cu/FeMn and FeNi/Cr/FeMn trilayer systems

The first experimental observation of a spacer-thickness dependent oscillatory exchange bias effect in ferromagnet(FM)/spacer/antiferromagnet trilayers is reported. The period of the oscillatory exchange bias field is found to be half of the period of the oscillatory interlayer coupling in the corresponding FM/spacer/FM systems with the same spacer, indicating that the observed effect is caused by an analogous coupling mechanism, being, however, sensitive to the absolute value of the coupling strength and not on its sign.
SPECTROPOLARIMETRY OF SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE: INSIGHT INTO THEIR GEOMETRY

We present the first spectropolarimetric observations of a hydrogen-free superluminous supernova (SLSN) at z = 0.1136, namely SN 2015bn. The transient shows significant polarization at both of the observed epochs: one 24 days before maximum light in the rest-frame, and the other at 27 days after peak luminosity. Analysis of the Q – U plane suggests the presence of a dominant axis and no physical departure from the main axis at either epoch. The polarization spectrum along the dominant axis is characterized by a strong wavelength dependence and an increase in the signal from the first to the second epoch. We use a Monte Carlo code to demonstrate that these properties are consistent with a simple toy model that adopts an axisymmetric ellipsoidal configuration for the ejecta. We find that the wavelength dependence of the polarization is possibly due to a strong wavelength dependence in the line opacity, while the higher level of polarization at the second epoch is a consequence of the increase in the asphericity of the inner layers of the ejecta or the fact that the photosphere recedes into less spherical layers. The geometry of the SLSN is similar to that of stripped-envelope core-collapse SNe connected to GRB, while the overall evolution of the ejecta shape could be consistent with a central engine.