Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Product Market Power and Exclusive Pricing in Holding Industries in Listed Firms in Stock Exchange

Business units increase their products market power to survive in market. This matter can reduce financial supplement costs such as exclusive pricing. Therefore, the objective of this research was studying the relationship between product market power and executive pricing in holding industries in listed firms in stock exchange. The used data includes combined sample by 4 listed firms in stock exchange in holding industries. Methodology: Methodology of this research is correlational, and multivariate regression model based on definite data was used to analyze data. Results: Results of this research showed that product market power and exclusive pricing had significant and reverse relationship. Conclusion: In other words, increasing product market power reduces product pricing. In addition, debt ratio has positive and significant relationship and firm size has reverse and significant relationship with exclusive pricing.
Achievement Goals, Task Performance, and Interest: Why Perceived Goal Difficulty Matters

In field studies, mastery goals, which focus on developing skill, often predict task interest but not actual performance. Performance-approach goals, which focus on outperforming others, instead often predict strong performance but not interest. Two experiments tested the hypothesis that these distinct goal effects trace to goal difficulty perceptions. In each study, participants assigned to a performance-approach goal perceived their goal to be harder, and therefore felt more performance pressure, than those assigned to a mastery goal. Among participants low in dispositional achievement orientation, this experience translated into lower task interest when pursuing the performanceapproach goal. However, participants in both studies also performed the activity better when pursuing this goal instead of a standard mastery goal, although this was not mediated by selfreported goal difficulty perceptions. Finally, further demonstrating the role of goal difficulty, a mastery goal manipulated to appear more difficult than a standard mastery goal produced effects matching the performance-approach goal.
Evidence-Based Research on Barriers and Physical Limitations in Hospital Public Zones Regarding the Universal Design Approach

The hospital is a public building which has the primary duty to provide services to everyone. So far, it is necessary to take into consideration the principle of Universal Design (UD) in responding to the behavior of users, particularly, persons with disabilities. This research focused on 2 main issues, (1) the physical features of the public areas for measurement and collection regarding to the style, size and location of facilities, and whether they meet the requirement and/or appropriate for people with disabilities, and (2) behavior of users with disabilities in accessing spaces and service facilities in the hospital public zones, focusing on the involvement between activities, behaviors and problems which occur. This research used empirical method to assess and evaluate the physical features by the process of Post Occupancy Evaluation, (POE), using 2 evaluation methods, 1) survey/observation (Cognitive walkthrough) and 2) scenario access audit methods. In detail, the survey/observation focused on the obstacles within a physical environment that affect space and service activities regarding people with different types of disabilities. Identifying the obstructions in public functions and health care facilities was implemented by a group of design specialists. On the other hand, the scenario access audit process was operated by determining the level of accessibility and the real patient flow of patients with disabilities on-sites and spaces in public zones. Therefore, this research speculated on all problems and came up with the design guidelines to improve the physical features of public zones in responding to the usability of the service facilities under the UD approach.
THE TECHNIQUE, RESULTS AND RISKS OF AMNIOCENTESIS FOR GENETIC REASONS

Amniocenteses for cytogenetic investigations were performed in 219 patients during a period of three years. The amniocenteses were done between the 15th and 21st week of gestation. Significant fetomaternal bleeds were detected in 11 out of 213 suitably tested patients. There was a clear relationship between the site of the placenta (determined by ultrasound) and the occurrence of fetomaternal haemorrhage. In only seven patients did cell culture fail to produce information about the fetal karyotype. Four abnormal karyotypes were found, one a balanced translocation; the three others led to legal terminations. Five spontaneous abortions occurred after amniocentesis. In a further patient the fetus was dead at time of the amniocentesis. A total of 210 pregnancies thus went to term. There was no perinatal death nor any major congenital abnormality.
Impact of Independent Directors’ Resignations on Firm’s Governance

Directors are liable for any act of omission or commission. They have a reputation to protect. While Independent directors might engage in passive monitoring; when apprised of a decision where the probability of detection of negligence is higher, they might prefer to abandon ship rather than suffer consequences. Under such circumstances, directors’ resignations could lead to some consequences on firm’s governance. We test this using a sample of more than 2300 resignations during 2006-2014 from firms listed on National Stock Exchange, India. We specifically identify clustered resignations, i.e., when 2 or more people leave the board within the same year for company-specific reasons and see its association with earnings management in the following year.
Sponsorship of the FIFA world cup, shareholder wealth, and the impact of corruption

ABSTRACT The Fédération Internationale de Football Association's World Cup (FIFA WC) is one of the most popular sporting events in the world in general and Europe in particular, and famous for the extraordinary amount of sponsorship fees it attracts. To create value for the stockholders of FIFA’s respective commercial affiliates, these sponsorship expenses should be exceeded by (discounted) future cash flows in order to make this investment profitable. This study analyses return effects for stockholders of FIFA WC Commercial Affiliates, while distinguishing between several image scenarios pertaining to FIFA and applying several models for calculating abnormal returns. We find weak evidence for significant positive abnormal returns of announced FIFA sponsorships in case of a stable FIFA image across different return models. In contrast, we find negative abnormal returns when the latest corruption scandals around FIFA became public. We also detect negative price effects when Gianni Infantino was announced as new FIFA president. The image-related price effects become less pronounced for FIFA Partners and initially closed sponsorship contracts. Finally, we do not find any image-related spillover effects for main competitors of firms sponsoring FIFA.
Investor sentiment, asset returns and firm characteristics: Evidence from the Korean Stock Market

ABSTRACT This study investigates the effects of investor sentiment on asset returns with respect to firm characteristics. By analysing a unique stock trading dataset of the Korean Stock Market that contains rich information on investor types and sentiment, we confirm that high investor sentiment induces higher stock market returns. The positive association between investor sentiment and stock returns is highly significant after controlling for trading behaviours, other risk factors and firm characteristics. Interestingly, investor sentiment has stronger effects on small firm, low-priced, high book-to-market ratio, high excess return, and highly volatile stocks, and stocks heavily traded by individual investors. The diverse degree and intensity of the sentiment effect across stocks with different firm characteristics is possibly attributable to individual investor’s trading.
The emergence of mouse models of atherosclerosis and their relevance to clinical research

Smith JD, Breslow JL (Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA). The emergence of mouse models of atherosclerosis and their relevance to clinical research (Review). J Intern Med 1997; 242: 99–109.
Experiments on geometric image enhancement

In this paper we experiments with geometric algorithms for image smoothing. Examples are given for MRI and ATR data. We emphasize experiments with the affine invariant geometric smoother or affine heat equation, originally developed for binary shape smoothing, and found to be efficient for gray-level images as well. Efficient numerical implementations of these flows give anisotropic diffusion processes which preserve edges. <<ETX>>
Study of thermal boundary layer in pulsatile flows

Fully integrated reactive simulations in internal combustion (IC) engines have become a critical target for the automotive industry, where CFD has an increasing impact in the decision process for the design of new prototypes. Although a substantial level of maturity has been reached for simulations, there are some fields where the potential of CFD can still be leveraged to improve engine energetic and environmental efficiencies. One of these fields concerns thermal losses due to heat transfer at the wall between a hot combustion chamber and the cool surroundings. Given thermodynamic conditions, it is extremely difficult, to monitor the heat loss experimentally. CFD represents a possible way to get a reliable prediction of heat loss. Besides, at the same bulk and surrounding conditions, the experimental study conducted in Kearney et al. (2001) concluded that the heat loss magnitude could vary by a factor of two from steady to pulsatile bulk flows. A pulsatile flow is characterized by steep variations of the intensity of its velocity, strong enough to possibly inverse its sign. This kind of flow is typically found in cylinders of internal-combustion engines, where successive sequences of compressions and expansions occur. The identification of key parameters that control the heat loss intensity can substantially improve the engine efficiency. However, although thermal boundary layers are well understood in steady state flows, their characterization in transient flows is only at its early phase Costamagna et al. (2003) have identified some quasi-coherent structures in these types of flows. The objective of this study is to set up an efficient numerical framework for the study of the thermal boundary layer in a model cylinder of an internal combustion engine. The remainder of this report is organized as follows. A compressible formulation is first presented, as well as the ALE formalism used to treat the moving geometry due to the compression/expansion phase. Since the Mach number is typically small in these flows, Section 3 presents a first attempt to build a low-Mach solver accounting for variations in density due to temperature variation. Section 4 presents verification results for dilatational flows. Finally, a summary of the accomplishments and associated perspectives is given in the concluding section.
Do Performance Appraisal, Compensation Andjob Satisfaction Influence Employeesâ€™ Loyalty Of Generation Y?

GenerationY is the work force of the future and now the number is dominating the industry.The increasing number of employees of generation Y becomes a separate problem for the company in meeting the availability of young professional workforce. The research aims to investigate effect of performance appraisal, compensation and job satisfaction to loyalty of generation Y.Method used in this study was quantitative. The research sample was 117 students. Data was anaysed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This study reveals there are a positive relationship between performance appraisal with job satisfaction, compensation with job satisfaction and job satisfaction on loyalty.
Cashless Payment: A Behaviourial Change To Economic Growth

Cashless economies are those that use mostly plastic or digital money and thus minimal cash or money in paper form. The ease of conducting financial transactions is probably the biggest motivator to go digital. The study develops a conceptual framework to understand the working of cashless economy. The paper highlights the various objective of being cashless. It studies the different methods of cashless payment and the essentials for being cashless. The benefits of making a country cashless have also been included. The study also explains the hurdles coming in the way of making an economy cashless. The study examines the effect of adopting cashless payment on economic growth and development of the developing countries. The result put together gives us an important policy direction towards what can enable the country to increase cashless payments. Key words: Cashless, Payment, Economic Growth and Development
Capsular typing of klebsiellae by coagglutination and latex agglutination

A simple method for capsular serotype determination of Klebsiella is described, using staphylococci or latex particles coated by specific antibodies and the supernatant of a bacterial suspension in saline as antigen. These methods may be at least as reliable as other methods and easier to perform and less expensive than other methods.
The role of human metapneumovirus in upper respiratory tract infections in children: a 20-year experience.

BACKGROUND The role that human metapneumovirus (hMPV) plays in the etiology of upper respiratory tract infections (URIs) in children over a period of many years has not been evaluated previously. METHODS By use of real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, we retrospectively tested nasal wash (NW) specimens for hMPV that had been obtained from a cohort of 1532 infants and children with URIs who were prospectively followed for an average of 2.4 years during the period from 1982 to 2001. Virus genes were sequenced, and prospectively collected clinical data were analyzed. RESULTS There were 2710 visits for URIs for which routine cultures did not reveal a viral etiology. Archival NW specimens from 2384 of these visits were available. hMPV RNA was detected in 118 (5%) of 2384 specimens. The mean age of the children with hMPV infection was 20 months, and 78% of illnesses occurred from December through May. Acute otitis media (AOM) was detected in 50% of these children. hMPV circulated each year, but the numbers of isolates detected varied by year. Reinfections with both homologous and heterologous strains occurred. Four distinct genetic lineages were present over the 20 years of surveillance, with several different lineages circulating during some seasons. CONCLUSIONS hMPV was detected in a substantial number of children with URIs and concomitant AOM.
Interventions to reduce Staphylococcus aureus in the management of atopic eczema: an updated Cochrane review

Background An association between the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and atopic eczema has been recognized for many years. Although few would dispute the benefit of systemic antibiotics in people with overtly clinically infected eczema, the clinical role of S. aureus in causing inflammatory flares in clinically uninfected eczema is less clear.
The Role of Tidal Salt Marsh as an Energy Source for Marine Transient and Resident Finfishes: A Stable Isotope Approach

Abstract Stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur (δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S) in bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli and white perch Morone americana from Delaware Bay were a function of capture location and, for restored tidal salt marshes, possibly a function of the relative position of the marsh restoration trajectory. White perch collected in polyhaline restoration and reference (Moore's Beach) sites had stable isotope signatures that reflected contributions from both benthic microalgae and Spartina alterniflora. Isotope values from white perch captured at the reference site were slightly enriched compared with those captured at the restoration sites. At upper estuary oligo–mesohaline locations, Phragmites australis contributed to the isotopic composition of both species. Although P. australis was not dominant at the reference marsh (Mad Horse Creek), it also seemed to influence the flow of nutrients into these species. White perch were not collected in open waters of Delaware Bay, but bay anchovy we.
Employee perceptions of workforce retention strategies in a health system: [Paper in special issue: Healthcare management: progress, problems and solutions. Shacklock, Kate; Brunetto, Yvonne; Farr-Wharton, Rod and Cooper, Cary L. (eds).]

Retaining a skilled workforce and decreasing unwanted employee turnover is an economic and service delivery necessity for organisations. Key to operational and service delivery excellence is high employee retention. Many studies have investigated the job satisfaction/turnover relationship with regards to employee retention. This study builds on these works to investigate employee retention from a different angle by examining employee perceptions of workforce retention strategies to determine if any aspects of the strategy have an influence on employee turnover intention. The test site for this study was Queensland Health. The 3000 nurses targeted were from 63 sites in 8 Health Service Districts within the organisation. Survey methodology was chosen as the most appropriate for the geographically spread sample. Three motivation theories were adapted and applied to workforce retention strategies to identify retention factors and these were included in a conceptual framework to test the relationships. The survey looked at awareness of, participation in, and perceived effectiveness of, 28 workforce retention strategies offered by Queensland Health and how these might influence an employee’s intention to turnover. The relationship between retention factors and turnover intention was also investigated, and demographic variables were included to determine if they affected the relationship between retention factors and turnover intention. The study’s findings confirmed that of the cohort of nurses surveyed, most were aware of, and had participated in, one or more of the workforce retention strategies listed. The major obstacle in the respondents’ awareness was their lack of knowledge of which workforce retention strategies were being offered, mostly due to lack of promotion. The ranking of the effectiveness of workforce retention strategies exposed a preference for those that provided a monetary advantage, and to a lesser degree, a professional development opportunity. The study also revealed that there was a positive relationship between retention factors and decreased turnover intention. Further to these findings, a number of themes emerged consistently and strongly regarding nurses’ perception of turnover intention. These included; lack of support, lack of leadership, high workload, shortage of staff, bullying and no recognition of the role. These results have important implications for practical improvements in Queensland Health. The findings have set a solid foundation for further investigations and expanded research opportunities, whilst shedding a little light on this complex relationship.
Cross-Platform Array Screening Identifies COL1A2, THBS1, TNFRSF10D and UCHL1 as Genes Frequently Silenced by Methylation in Melanoma

Epigenetic regulation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) has been shown to play a central role in melanomagenesis. By integrating gene expression and methylation array analysis we identified novel candidate genes frequently methylated in melanoma. We validated the methylation status of the most promising genes using highly sensitive Sequenom Epityper assays in a large panel of melanoma cell lines and resected melanomas, and compared the findings with those from cultured melanocytes. We found transcript levels of UCHL1, COL1A2, THBS1 and TNFRSF10D were inversely correlated with promoter methylation. For THBS1 and UCHL1 the effect of this methylation on expression was confirmed at the protein level. Identification of these candidate TSGs and future research designed to understand how their silencing is related to melanoma development will increase our understanding of the etiology of this cancer and may provide tools for its early diagnosis.
Temporal and Territorial Analysis of Multiple Deliveries in Spain (1900–2006)

Abstract Temporal variations in the frequency of multiple maternities in many Western European countries have been described. However, within a single country, regional differences are observed. Urban industrialized regions and rural agricultural areas have experienced in recent decades a distinct decline in multiple deliveries, which in cases have been related to maternal age and parity changes. Research on multiple deliveries in Spain is scarce and none of the studies go back to the beginning of the 20th century or consider regional variation over an extended period of time. The present paper is a yearly study on multiple deliveries in Spain since 1900 including a geographical analysis. Rather than dealing with recent changes in multi-parity, this paper is concerned with Spain's long-term national variation (between 1900 and 2006). The changing pattern of double and triple deliveries was analyzed using data from the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE). Twinning rates in Spain are low in comparison to those of equivalent periods in other countries, and the minimum rates correspond to the 1980s decade. Results were interpreted by taking into account the influence of age at maternity and reproductive variation up to 1990. A good fit between observed and predicted rates was obtained after the application of models, which besides maternal age and parity, include their interaction. Regarding territorial variability, the values corresponding to southern, northern and insular Spanish provinces are consistent with an earlier reduction of the crude birth rate in the north-east regions and latter in the southern regions and the Canary Islands.
The role of common gamma chain in human monocytes in vivo; evaluation from the studies of X‐linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X‐SCID) carriers and X‐SCID patients who underwent cord blood stem cell transplantation

Summary. Expression of common gamma chain (γc) on monocytes was studied in five carriers of X‐linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X‐SCID) and two X‐SCID patients who underwent cord blood stem cell transplantation (CBSCT). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that both γc‐negative and positive monocytes co‐existed in X‐SCID carriers, whereas no γc‐negative T, B or NK cells were observed in them. Clonal analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction studies revealed that 13·2–45·0% of monocytes from these carriers expressed the mutant γc message. X‐SCID patients who received CBSCT persistently possessed the majority of γc‐negative monocytes with a good clinical course. These results, together, may indicate that γc is not essential for monocyte development/function in vivo.