Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of glass ionomer and microfilled composite subgingival restorations on periodontal tissue and subgingival biofilm: a 6-month evaluation.

BACKGROUND This 6-month study evaluated the effects of resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGI) and microfilled composite (MC) subgingival restorations on periodontal tissues and subgingival biofilm. METHODS Fifty-four periodontally healthy patients were assigned as follows: group 1 (N = 18), root exposure (RE) without non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) treated with coronally positioned flap (CPF); group 2 (N = 18), RE with NCCL treated RMGI restorations plus CPF; group 3 (N = 18), RE with NCCL treated with MC restorations plus CPF. Probing depth (PD), visible local plaque score (PL), and local bleeding on probing (BOP) were assessed at baseline and 6 months after surgeries. Restored and non-restored root recoverage (RR) was assessed at 6 months. Each experimental tooth was subgingivally sampled (baseline and 6 months) and analyzed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. RESULTS Clinical results showed no significant differences among the groups regarding PL, BOP, and PD at baseline and 6 months. The RR means were similar among the groups at 6 months. Intragroup analyses revealed that the proportions of 10 periodontopathogens decreased at 6 months for the control group. For the RMGI group, there was a significant decrease in the proportions of nine periodontopathogens. For the MC group, there was a significant increase in the proportions of Fusobacterium nucleatum polymorphum and Gemella morbillorum and a decrease in five periodontopathogens. Intergroup analyses showed an increase in the proportion of F. nucleatum polymorphum for the MC group. CONCLUSIONS In a 6-month evaluation, well-finished RMGI or MC subgingival restorations did not negatively affect periodontal health. Furthermore, RMGI seems to exert more positive effects on the subgingival biofilm composition than MC.
Cross-cultural evaluation of Schneider's first-rank symptoms of schizophrenia: a report from the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia.

The authors analyzed diagnostic data collected in nine countries in an effort to determine the clinical usefulness of Kurt Schneider's II "first-rank symptoms" (FRSs) of schizophrenia. The study specifically sought to determine whether the prevalence of FRSs in patients diagnosed as schizophrenic (N = 811) justified their use in diagnosis, what the frequency distribution was among FRSs, and whether or not FRSs were pathognomonic of schizophrenia, as Schneider claimed. The findings showed that FRSs do occur with sufficient frequency to have potential diagnostic usefulness and that each of the nine FRSs analyzed is highly discriminating for schizophrenia. However, since FRSs were also reported in patients receiving other psychiatric diagnoses. FRSs cannot be considered absolutely discriminating for schizophrenia.
Multifarious Therapeutic Potential of Fenugreek: A Comprehensive Review

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) is used as a condiment and a medicinal plant. Various experimental and human studies have reported that fenugreek is a potential agent to treat diabetes mellitus. Fenugreek plays a key role to prevent the induction and progression of various disorders such as cancer, ulcer, obesity, etc. Moreover, the pleiotropic actions of fenugreek have been evaluated in hypertension, cataract, inflammation, thyroid dysfunction, malaria, endothelial dysfunction, etc. In this review, we have captured recent findings on fenugreek representing the distinct role of fenugreek in treating various disorders elaborating the mechanisms at molecular level.
Native mycorrhizal fungi replace introduced fungal species on Virginia pine and American chestnut planted on reclaimed mine sites of Ohio

Plant-microbe community dynamics influence the natural succession of plant species where pioneer vegetation facilitates the establishment of a distantly related, later successional plant species. This has been observed in the case of restoration of the American chestnut (Castanea dentata) on abandoned mine land where Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana) facilitated the establishment of chestnut seedlings. This was apparently due to the natural mycorrhizal networks of pine, which aided the survival and growth of chestnut seedlings. In this study, we assessed the survival and propensity of introduced mycorrhizal fungi on Virginia pine to colonize pure American and backcrossed American chestnut. Seedlings were planted in Perry State Forest located in southeastern Ohio. This area was mined for coal in the 1950s and had very little reclamation done aside from experimental tree plantings. The selected site, with little topsoil or organic matter, was characterized by high concentrations of Al, high soil temperatures, and a pH of 3.6. Virginia pine seedlings were inoculated using ectomycorrhizal (ECM) cultures of Amanita rubescens, Laccaria laccata, and Pisolithus tinctorius via liquid media. After three months, roots were tested for the presence of mycorrhizae. They were then transplanted and grown for two years in the greenhouse. After verifying mycorrhizal colonization, 600 pines were out planted in May of 2005. Chestnut seedlings (100 one-year-old seedlings) inoculated with P. tinctorius by the Ohio state tree nursery had been planted by other researchers at the same time. After eight growing seasons, pines and chestnuts were measured and sampled for ECM colonization. Growth measurements showed that pines and hybrid chestnuts had significantly more aboveground biomass compared to pure American chestnut (P = 0.01). Eleven fungal species were detected using DNA sequencing. With the exception of Amanita, the inoculum that were out planted with both chestnut and Virginia pine were replaced after 8 field seasons by fungi native to the site. More fungal species were sampled from the Virginia pines than from chestnut roots, which contributed to the significant differences in ECM fungal community composition between the two species (P = 0.005).
Studies of Josephson Mixing in SIS Junctions

Integrated receiving structure comprising self-Babinet-complementary spiral antenna and two SIS junctions connected in series via two matching microstrip structures has been designed, fabricated and experimentally studied. The calculated microwave responsp for such receiving structure has two maxima at 450 and 900 GHz. Direct detector response of such receiving structures has been measured using Fourier Transform Spectrometer in the frequency range 0.1 ¿1 THz. Microwave mixer performance has been measured with 500 GHz band LO source. The Josephson conversion with noise temperature of about 100 K was observed in the vicinity of the first Shapiro step at about 0.95 mV corresponding to 475 GHz signal frequency and with noise temperature 360 K near the second step at 1.8 mV corresponding to 900 GHz signal frequency. To prove that it was correct frequency down conversion the additional experiment was performed at first Shapiro step using the 4-th harmonic of Gunn oscillator 4×120 GHz instead of hot/cold load signal source.
Morphological and electrophysiological field observations on electric freshwater fish of the genus Mormyrops Müller 1843 (Teleostei: Mormyridae) from West and southern Africa

Different specimens of Mormyrops anguilloides (Linnaeus 1758) were reported to display electric organ discharge (EOD) pulses of either initially head-positive or initially negative polarity, a hypothetical sex difference that has not been substantiated to date. The morphology and EODs of M. anguilloides of both sexes and a sexually mature size from the Comoé and Bandama rivers, Côte d'Ivoire, and the Lower and Middle Zambezi, Mozambique, displayed initially positive EODs. The morphologically similar M. breviceps Steindachner 1895 of both sexes and a sexually mature size from the Bandama River displayed initially head-negative EODs of biphasic waveform and long duration (0.93–1.15 ms) in the very-low-frequency spectral range. Mormyrops anguilloides from the Comoé and Bandama rivers were differentiated in caudal peduncle depth and in EOD waveform, pulse duration and spectral energy content. The former samples displayed a biphasic, lower-frequency EOD pulse of up to 0.42 ms duration, the latter a tetraphasic, high-frequency EOD of up to 0.33 ms. It is suggested that reports of EODs of both polarities in M. anguilloides indicate the presence of an unrecognised species.
An empirical examination of antecedents determining students' usage of clickers in a digital marketing module

As more and more educational institutions are integrating new technology such as clickers into their learning system, it becomes increasingly essential to have an understanding of students' perceptions about such technology on their overall learning process. The incorporation of clickers into teaching instructions has created implications for teaching practices and student satisfaction. The purpose of this research is to understand student use and satisfaction with clickers in a large undergraduate digital marketing class in a British university. To do so, we propose a conceptual model based on information systems (IS) success models to understand student's usage behaviour and satisfaction with clickers. The data were analysed based on 138 valid responses gathered from the students, where clickers are effectively used for teaching and learning purposes. The results provided a strong support for all eight hypothesised relationships and adequate variance on its key dependent variables in the proposed research model.
Protective Effect of Hesperidin against Cyclophosphamide Hepatotoxicity in Rats

— The protective effect of hesperidin was investigated in rats exposed to liver injury induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CYP) at a dose of 150 mg kg -1 . Hesperidin treatment (100 mg kg -1 /day, orally) was applied for seven days, starting five days before CYP administration. Hesperidin significantly decreased the CYP-induced elevations of serum alanine aminotransferase, and hepatic malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activity, significantly prevented the depletion of hepatic glutathione peroxidase activity resulted from CYP administration. Also, hesperidin ameliorated the CYP-induced liver tissue injury observed by histopathological examination. In addition, hesperidin decreased the CYP-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, cyclooxygenase-2, Fas ligand, and caspase-9 in liver tissue. It was concluded that hesperidin may represent a potential candidate to protect against CYP-induced hepatotoxicity.
Effect of Hypothyroidism on the Subcellular Distribution of Ca2+/Calmodulin‐Stimulated Protein Kinase II in Chicken Brain During Posthatch Development

Abstract: In developing chicken brain Ca2+/calmodulin‐stimulated protein kinase II (CaMPK‐II) changes from being primarily cytosolic to being primarily particulate during the protracted maturation period. To investigate whether thyroid hormone levels may be involved in regulating this subcellular redistribution, we raised chickens from 1 day posthatching on food soaked in 0.15% (wt/vol) propylthiouracil (PTU) plus 0.05% (wt/vol) methimazole (MMI). This produced a mild hypothyroidism specifically during the maturation period and resulted in a 67% reduction in the levels of free triiodothyronine (T3) at 42 days. The concentrations of α‐ and β‐CaMPK‐II in cytosol (S3) and crude synaptic membrane (P2M) fractions from forebrain were measured by three methods: Ca2+/calmodulin‐ or Zn2+‐stimulated autophosphorylation or binding of biotinylated calmodulin. By all three methods hypothyroid animals showed a marked retardation of the redistribution of both subunits of CaMPK‐II: an increase in the concentration of the enzyme in S3 and a corresponding decrease in P2M with no overall change in the total amount of enzyme and little apparent change in the concentration of other proteins. In both fractions, there was a parallel change in the Ca2+/calmodulin‐stimulated phosphorylation of endogenous protein substrates but no change in the basal or cyclic AMP‐stimulated protein phosphorylation. Supplementing the PTU/MMI‐treated diet with thyroxine (0.5 ppm) prevented all of the observed changes.
A Significant Proportion of Children with Morphea En Coup De Sabre and Parry‐Romberg Syndrome Have Neuroimaging Findings

En coup de sabre (ECDS) and Parry‐Romberg syndrome (PRS) are variants of linear morphea on the head and neck that can be associated with neurologic manifestations. Intracranial abnormalities on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are present in a significant proportion of individuals with these conditions. We describe 32 children from our institution with ECDS or PRS; neuroimaging was performed in 21 cases. We also review 51 additional cases from the literature. Nineteen percent of the children at our institution with ECDS or PRS had intracranial abnormalities on MRI, half of whom were asymptomatic. Hyperintensities on T2‐weighted sequences were the most common finding, present in all children with intracranial abnormalities on MRI. Seizures (13%) and headaches (9%) were the most common neurologic symptom. Neurologic symptoms were not correlated with neuroimaging abnormalities, with two asymptomatic children having marked MRI findings and only two of nine symptomatic children having an abnormal MRI. Similarly the severity of the superficial disease did not predict neurologic involvement; a child with subtle skin involvement had striking MRI findings and seizures, whereas another with a bony defect had no brain parenchymal involvement. Neurologic symptoms and neuroimaging abnormalities are found in a surprisingly substantial percentage of children with ECDS and PRS. Early recognition of neurologic involvement is necessary because it affects treatment choices. Because clinical predictors of intracranial abnormalities are poor, strong consideration should be given to obtaining an MRI before treatment initiation to assist in management decisions and establish a baseline examination.
Meeting the Needs of Diverse Populations: An Overview and Commentary

the last 5 years, there has been a proliferation of research and literature emphasizing colorectal cancer (CRC) screening for all individuals aged 50 and older, and also to lessen the disparity in outcomes among minority and underserved groups. However, significant disparities persist in CRC screening among various population subgroups, includi g non-white, less educated, and lower income individuals. The 3 articles in this sectio address some of the gaps in CRC screening research among minority and underserved populations. Two of the articles present preliminary reports of efforts to a apt current evidence-based screening promotion i terventions that can be applied to minority populations. The third describes the process of cultural adaptation after assessing the efficacy of an i tervention for increasing CRC screening. Although cultural and contextual adaptatio of evidence-based interventions may make CRC screening promotion interventions more acceptable, the challenge of how to increase adherence to recomme ded CRC screening guidelines among underserved populations remain. Disparities in health outcomes will persist as long as large segments of the US population have limited or no access to prevention and early detection intervention programs. There is a need to build programs for prevention and early detection based on the existing research evi ence. The extent to which such programs are established can eit er enge der or undermine trust in society's promise to all Americans that early detection leads to cure.
Candidate regions for testicular cancer susceptibility genes

Although the aetiology of testicular cancer is unknown, a clear familial component has been identified in a number of studies. In an effort to identify susceptibility genes for testicular cancer, the International Testis Cancer Linkage Consortium has been collecting families with multiple cases of testicular cancer. These families have been genotyped for a set of markers across the genome in two separate studies. The family information has also been pooled across the two studies so that the combined evidence can be assessed. While no genomic region gives overwhelming support for a testicular cancer predisposition gene, several regions, notably on chromosomes 3, 5, 12 and 18 show suggestive evidence worthy of further examination. The Consortium is now attempting to identify further families in an attempt to confirm or deny these leads.
Benefits of Establishing an Intravenous Team and the Standardization of Peripheral Intravenous Catheters

The purpose of this study was to show the importance of a team dedicated to intravenous (IV) insertion and the standardization of peripheral IV catheters in reducing venipuncture attempts, reducing cases of phlebitis, and optimizing costs. The benefits achieved by the team were a decrease in venipuncture attempts, a decrease of phlebitis (from 0.47% to 0.35%), the optimization of the team's time, and a 29.47% reduction in the use of catheters. The study corroborates the IV team's importance in the process of managing nurses' workflow, since it provides important indicators for quality management.
Owl melanin-based plumage redness is more frequent near than away from the equator: implications on the effect of climate change on biodiversity

Climate change acts as a major new selective agent on many organisms, particularly at high latitudes where climate change is more pronounced than at lower latitudes. Studies are required to predict which species are at a high risk of extinction and whether certain phenotypes may be more affected by climate change than others. The identification of susceptible phenotypes is important for evaluating the potential negative effect of climate change on biodiversity at the inter- and intraspecific levels. Melanin-based coloration is an interesting and easily accessible candidate trait because, within certain species, reddish pheomelanin-based coloration is associated with adaptations to warm climates. However, it is unclear whether the same holds among species. We tested one prediction of this hypothesis in four owl genera (wood, scops, screech, and pygmy owls), namely that darker reddish species are more prevalent near the equator than polewards. Our comparative analysis is consistent with this prediction for the northern hemisphere, suggesting that pale reddish species may be adapted to cold climates and dark reddish species to warmer climates. Thus, climate change may have a larger negative impact on pale pheomelanic owls and favour dark pheomelanic species.
Relationship of the Sickle Cell Gene to the Ethnic and Geographic Groups Populating the Sudan

The presence of a geographical pattern in the distribution of the sickle cell gene (S gene) and its association with malaria is well documented. To study the distribution of the S gene among various ethnic and linguistic groups in the Sudan we analyzed a hospital-based sample of 189 sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients who reported to the Khartoum Teaching Hospital between June 1996 and March 2000 and 118 controls with other complaints, against their ethnic and linguistic affiliations and geographic origin. Electrophoresis for hemoglobin S and sickling tests were carried out on all patients and controls as a prerequisite for inclusion. The majority of patients (93.7%) belonged to families of single ethnic descent, indicating the high degree of within-group marriages and thus the higher risk of augmenting the gene. SCA was found to be predominant among the Afro-Asiatic-speaking groups (68.4%) including nomadic groups of Arab and non- Arab descent that migrated to the Sudan in various historical epochs. Those patients clustered in western Sudan (Kordofan and Darfur) from where 73% of all cases originate. The proportion of patients reporting from other geographic areas like the south (3.1%), which is primarily inhabited by Nilo-Saharan-speaking groups (19% of the whole sample) who populated the country in previous times, is disproportionate to their total population in the country (χ2 = 71.6; p = 0.0001). Analysis of the haplotypes associated with the S gene indicated that the most abundant haplotypes are the Cameroon, Benin, Bantu and Senegal haplotypes, respectively. No relationship was seen between haplotypes and the various hematological parameters in the sub-sample analyzed for such association. These results provide an insight into the distribution of the sickle cell gene in the Sudan, and highlight the strong link of the middle Nile Valley with West Africa through the open plateau of the Sahel and the nomadic cattle herders and also probably the relatively young age of the S gene.
Long-Term Suicide Risk in Anxiety—The Lundby Study 1947–2011

The objective of this study was to calculate the long-term risk of accomplished suicide in anxiety disorders, and to compare this with a healthy population. The Lundby Study is a prospective, longitudinal cohort study on a population of 3,563 subjects. Between 1947 and 1997, anxiety disorders were diagnosed in 300 subjects. Up to 2011 there were 68 suicides in all. The suicide risk was 3.3% for anxiety. For only anxiety, risk was increased (p = 0.008), but other diagnoses had a higher risk (p = 0.0001) compared with no diagnosis. Mean time from onset to suicide was 27 years. Risk of suicide in anxiety disorders seems elevated at an intermediate level. Suicide often occurs many years after onset of the disorder.
WORK DISTRIBUTION IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT, MAINTENANCE AND EVOLUTION

The kind of information systems in use today is at first sight very different from those that were devel- oped 20 years ago. On the other hand, it seems that we are still struggling with many of the same prob- lems as before, including late or abandoned projects and unfilled customer demands. In this article we present selected data from survey investigations performed by us in 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008 and 2013 among Norwegian organizations on how they conduct information systems development and mainte- nance. In particular we compare the data from 2008 and 2013. A major finding is that even if we witness large changes in the underlying implementation technology and methods used, a number of aspects such as overall percentage of time uses for maintaining and evolving systems in production compared to time used for development and the distribution of time on different maintenance activities is remarkably sta- ble, although some trends can be witnessed. On the other hand, because of the more complex infrastruc- tures supporting the application portfolio, and the increasing number of in particular external users an increasing amount of resources is used for other tasks such as operations and user-support than in the first investigations, although also this seems to have stabilised.