Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of the Climate Change Adaptation in Rural Farming in Nepal Himalaya

Climate change (CC) impacts on rural farming and adaptation practices are new areas of study in the rural farming systems. This study focused on better understanding the CC impacts and adaptation practices in rural farming in three different agro-climatic regions (Trans-Himalayan- Mustang, Mid-Mountain- Dhading and Inner Terai- Chitawan district) of Nepal. Household survey, key informant interview and focus group discussion methods were applied to collect primary information at household and community levels supplemented with national climate data. Soil moisture or irrigation deficiencies are the main limiting factors for farm production of the upland framers, particularly, in the midmountain region. It is observed that adaptation to CC is location specific and determined by different factors. Logistic regression model indicated different factors such as resources availability, family labor availability, farm income, institutional activities and involvement in the community level organization of households influenced adaptation practices. Local institutions are found to have limited capacity to implement the adaptation practices in the rural areas. Planners and development workers should formulate location specific adaptation programs and activities focusing on water management for minimizing the impacts of climate change in rural farming.
Transition from eruptive to confined flares in the same active region

Context. Solar flares are sudden and violent releases of magnetic energy in the solar atmosphere that can be divided into two classes: eruptive flares, where plasma is ejected from the solar atmosphere resulting in a coronal mass ejection (CME), and confined flares, where no CME is associated with the flare. Aims. We present a case study showing the evolution of key topological structures, such as spines and fans, which may determine the eruptive versus non-eruptive behavior of the series of eruptive flares followed by confined flares, which all originate from the same site. Methods. To study the connectivity of the different flux domains and their evolution, we compute a potential magnetic field model of the active region. Quasi-separatrix layers are retrieved from the magnetic field extrapolation. Results. The change in behavior of the flares from one day to the next – from eruptive to confined – can be attributed to the change in orientation of the magnetic field below the fan with respect to the orientation of the overlaying spine rather than an overall change in the stability of the large-scale field. Conclusions. Flares tend to be more confined when the field that supports the filament and the overlying field gradually becomes less anti-parallel as a direct result of changes in the photospheric flux distribution, being themselves driven by continuous shearing motions of the different magnetic flux concentrations.
Corporate Point of View in Green Accounting

The purpose of this research was to find out the influence of view attention, responsibility, reporting accounting environment, and audit environment to see the importance of green accounting on employees who worked in Tangerang related to the problem of the environment in the company. The research population consisted of all employees of the company. The eligible questionnaires were given to 108 respondents. Data collection was using questionnaires. The data were analyzed using the regression test with analysis tools STATA 12. The result indicates that the variable attention in the environment, responsibility in the environment, and environmental accounting report gives impact on the point of view of the importance of green accounting in a company.
Twisted crossed products by coactions

Abstract We consider coactions of a locally compact group G on a C*-algebra A, and the associated crossed product C*-algebra A× G. Given a normal subgroup N of G, we seek to decompose A× G as an iterated crossed product (A× G/ N) × N, and introduce notions of twisted coaction and twisted crossed product which make this possible. We then prove a duality theorem for these twisted crossed products, and discuss how our results might be used, especially when N is abelian.
Leishmania Donovani Cell Surface Sialoglycans Regulate Susceptibility for Siglec Mediated Macrophage Invasion and Parasite Survival

Glycoconjugates play a pivotal role in the survival of Leishmania parasites in destructive surroundings. An important constituent present on many glycoconjugates is sialic acid. By virtue of their peripheral position on oligosaccharide chains of glycoconjugates, sialic acids are well suited as molecular determinants of specific biological processes, including the interaction of pathogenic microorganisms with sialylated cellular receptors. Differences in a2,3- and a2,6-sialoglycan patterns detected in clonal virulent Leishmania donovani promastigotes, correlated with the level of a2,3- and a2,6-sialyltransferase activity present in these parasites. The role of macrophage sialic acid-receptors in uptake and survival of L.donovani was studied in the murine macrophage cell line raw 264.7. Macrophage invasion was dependent on the binding to Siglec-1, while suppression of MAPK signaling was mediated through Siglec-5. Sialic acid removal by neuraminidase treatment reduced parasite infectivity. The presence of trypsin resistant sialic acid residues in the neuraminidase treated parasites grown in a serum free medium in presence of sialoglycoconjugates indicated that the parasites could salvage sialic acid from exogenous sialoglycans and reutilize it for de novo glycoprotein sialylation in L.donovani parasites. Thus, our results demonstrate the involvement of sialoglycans in the invasion as well as the survival process of L.donovani parasites.
New Limit Distributions for Extremes Under a Nonlinear Normalization

In this article we look at limit distributions for extremes under a new nonlinear normalization of the form expfun(jlogjxjj) vnsign(logjxj)gsign(x) which we have called as exponential norming. The corresponding limit laws are called as e-max stable laws. We study e-max stable laws, their stability property, their max domains of attraction, comparison between p-max and e-max domains and give examples of distribution functions in e-max domains, some of which do not belong to l-max and p-max domains.
MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL MOODS OF THE DOCTORS STARTING THE TRAINING AT THE QUALIFICATION IMPROVEMENT COURSES (BASED ON THE RESULTS OF THE SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY)

The quality of medical care depends on the training of specialists, carried out, in particular, through continuous medical education. Aim. To form the recommendations for improving the postgraduate medical education system in the context of the overall reform of the health care system. Materials and methods. The survey involved 823 doctors who were starting the training at the qualification improvement courses (27.40 % – males and 70.60 % – females) aged from 24 to 50+. In order to realize the purpose of the study we used, as the main method of social psychological information collecting, the method of questioning in the form of standardized (formalized) interview. Results. Doctors of all specialties used knowledge acquired during previous courses, although with certain differences. Significant difference was found in satisfaction with the level of obtained practical skills during previous courses: 81.04±1.66 % of surgeons, therapeutic, pediatric, dental specialists were very satisfied or rather satisfied, when this indicator in case of doctors of the medico-prophylactic and pharmaceutical specialties was only 39.02±3.00 %. Regarding the level of theoretical knowledge, 85.51±1.49 % of surgeons, therapeutic, pediatric and dental specialists were very satisfied or satisfied with the theoretical part of qualification improvement courses and 57.20±3.05 % of doctors of the medico-prophylactic and pharmaceutical specialties were not satisfied or completely dissatisfied. 85.15±1.50 % of doctors of surgical, therapeutic, pediatric and dental specialties completely or partly used the ideas offered during the previous courses, when 31.82 ±2.87 % of the doctors of the medico-prophylactic and pharmaceutical specialties did not use anything in their practice. 72.42±1.56 % of doctors of all specialties consider that they have not yet reached their own career maximum. Almost half of doctors of all specialties wanted to receive more theoretical and practical knowledge during the courses, although 40.15±3.02 % of doctors of the medico-prophylactic and pharmaceutical specialties were interested in obtaining large volumes of information from their foreign counterparts, while only 4.29±0.86 % of doctors of surgical, therapeutic, pediatric and dental specialties were interested in gaining such information. Conclusion. The survey indicates the need to change and update the content of the qualification improvement courses work programs, as well as the creation of new ones, which is a prerequisite for the reorganization of the postgraduate medical education system. It is reasonable to create curricula and programs according to the specialties of doctors and basing on the previous survey results concerning queries and expectations.
The Path to Math: Analysis of Student Mathematical Stories

In this thesis, I address the issue of American students’ dislike of mathematics. I explored this issue in two parts: distributing a survey to undergraduates of the University of Mississippi and then conducting interviews of students at the same university about their past feelings and emotions about mathematics. Interview data was analyzed and coded through Dedoose, a qualitative data program. Analysis of each interviewee’s data set led to the establishment of different mathematical “paths” that students follow in their mathematics education. The five paths emerging from the data – Arrow, Improvement, Revelation, Sparkless, and Almost Revelation – provide a more individualized look at education and provide clues on how to help students change their minds and attitudes about mathematics.
Early Holocene environment on Bjørnøya (Svalbard) inferred from multidisciplinary lake sediment studies

Bjornoya, a small (178 km2) island situated between the mainland of Norway and southern Spitsbergen, provides the opportunity for the reconstruction of early Holocene terrestrial and limnic palaeoenvironments in the southwestern Barents Sea. The AMS 14C dating technique, geochemical, mineral magnetic, micro and macrofossil analyses were applied to sediments recovered from lake Stevatnet and the results are interpreted in terms of palaeoenvironmental conditions between 9800 and 8300 14C bp. After the disappearance of local glaciers before ca 980014C BP, the lake productivity increased rapidly at the same time as pioneer plant communities developed on soils which gradually became more stable. Insect data indicates that strong seasonal contrasts with mean July temperatures around 9°C and mean January temperatures around ? 12°C prevailed between 9500 and 8300 14C BP. These high summer temperatures, possibly as much as 4-5°C higher than the present, favoured the development of a flora including Dryas and Angelica cf. archangelica. The enhanced freeze/thaw processes led to an increased erosion of minerogenic and organic material. After 8000 14C BP the temperatures may have gradually declined. The environmental reconstruction derived from our data set supports the conceptual insolation model which proposes maximum Holocene seasonality for the Northern Hemisphere at ca 9000 14C BP.
Identifying Supply and Demand Elasticities of Agricultural Commodities: Implications for the Us Ethanol Mandate

We present a new framework to identify demand and supply elasticities of agricultural commodities using yield shocks - deviations from a time trend of output per area, which are predominantly caused by weather fluctuations. Demand is identified using current-period shocks that give rise to exogenous shifts in supply. Supply is identified using past shocks, which affect expected future prices through inventory accretion or depletion. We use our estimated elasticities to evaluate the impact of ethanol subsidies and mandates on world food commodity prices, quantities, and food consumers' surplus. The current US ethanol mandate requires that about 5 percent of world caloric production from corn, wheat, rice, and soybeans be used for ethanol generation. As a result, world food prices are predicted to increase by about 30 percent and global consumer surplus from food consumption is predicted to decrease by 155 billion dollars annually. If a third of the biofuel calories are recycled as feed stock for livestock, the predicted price increase scales back to 20 percent. While commodity demand is extremely inelastic, price response is muted by a significant supply response that is obscured if futures prices are not instrumented. The resulting expansion of agricultural growing area potentially offsets the CO2 emission benefits from biofuels.
THE HOMOTOPY TYPES OF SU(5)-GAUGE GROUPS

Let $\mathcal{G}_k$ be the gauge group of the principal $SU(4)$-bundle over $S^4$ with second Chern class $k$ and let $p$ be a prime. We show that there is a rational or $p$-local homotopy equivalence $\Omega\mathcal{G}_k\simeq\Omega\mathcal{G}_{k'}$ if and only if $(60,k)=(60,k')$.
Task-Biased Changes of Employment and Remuneration: The Case of Occupations

Different empirical studies suggest that the structure of employment in the U.S. and Great Britain tends to polarise into "good" and "bad" jobs. We provide updated evidence that polarisation also occurred in Germany since the mid-1980s until 2008. Using representative panel data, we show that this trend corresponds to a task bias in employment changes: routine jobs have lost relative employment, especially in predominantly manual occupations. We further provide the first direct test for whether task-biased technological change affects employment and remuneration in the same direction and conclude that there is no consistent task bias in the evolution of pay rules. By contrast, compositional changes like the proportion of union members are clearly associated with long-term changes in the remuneration of occupations.
EFFECT OF INORGANIC AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON FRUIT QUALITY AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES IN GUAVA CV. SARDAR.

Harpinder Kaur 1 and Gurpinder Kaur 2 . 1. Msc research student Department of Horticulture, Khalsa College, (GNDU) Amritsar-143001. 2. Assistant Professor Department of Horticulture, Khalsacollege, (GNDU) Amritsar-143001. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Numerical modelling of Si sensors for HEP experiments and XFEL

Radiation damage is one major limitation for the use of silicon sensors in High Energy Physics and for research at synchrotron radiation sources and x-ray Free-Electron-Lasers. In this paper we describe the implementation of experimental results on radiation damage by neutrons and by 12 keV x-rays into the commercial simulation program Synopsys-TCAD and simulate the effects of radiation damage for two different sensor types and radiation fields: i) the dark current, the full depletion voltage and the electric field distribution for p + n magnetic Czochralski Si pad sensors irradiated with neutrons, and ii) the electric field distribution and the breakdown voltage for x-ray irradiated nn FZ Si pixel sensors for the XFEL. The simulations are part of a comprehensive program to optimize the design of silicon sensors with respect to radiation tolerance. 9th International Conference on Large Scale Applications and Radiation Hardness of Semiconductor Detectors-Rd09 Florence, Italy 30 September 2 October 2009 1 Speaker; work supported by the Helmholtz Alliance “Physics at the Terascale” and the European XFEL project P o S ( R D 0 9 ) 0 1 9 Sensor modelling for HEP&XFEL experiment A. K. Srivastava
The CYUT System on Social Book Search Track since INEX 2013 to CLEF 2016

The Social Book Search (SBS) Lab is part of Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum(CLEF) lab series, which provides query topics on book suggestion in natural language.Participant teams have to build systems that can make suggestions out of 2.8 million books.This paper reports how the CYUT team attends the SBS track from 2013 to 2016. Our system isbased on keyword searching and ranking by social features. We also design a query expansionmodule which is based on word2vec, a word embedding toolkit. The new module helps oursystem to get better performance in suggestion track. This paper reports the progression of oursystem.
Pollination of Coffea canephora in relation to local and regional agroforestry management

Summary 1. Pollination of crops depends on local agricultural management and the quality of adjacent habitats. Lowland coffee Coffea canephora , is an important tropical cash crop. Fruit set depends on cross-pollination by bees, so inadequate pollination leads to reduced yield. In this study we analyse the relationship between bee pollinators, fruit set in coffee, and the local and regional agroforestry systems to identify the optimal conditions for pollinators. 2. We analysed the abundance and species composition of coffee flower-visiting bees in 15 agroforestry systems differing in distance to forest (important for wood-nesting species), light intensity (important for ground-nesting species), blossom cover of coffee and noncoffee-flowering plants, and species richness of flowering plants (as pollen and nectar resources) in Central Sulawesi (Indonesia). We examined which factors were most important for optimal pollination success. We carried out bagged and open pollination experiments in each agroforestry system, to measure the pollination efficiency of 15 bee species. 3. The number of social bee species decreased with distance to forest, whereas the number of solitary bee species increased with light intensity (less shade) and greater quantities of blossoms. 4. Fruit set of open pollinated flowers (as opposed to manually cross-pollinated flowers) increased with the diversity and abundance of flower-visiting bees. In the agroforestry systems studied, a bee community of 20 species or more led to a higher fruit set (95%) than a species-poor bee community of six species (70% fruit set). 5. Pollination activity by members of the species-rich solitary bee assemblage led to higher levels of fruit set than that arising from pollination activity by members of the more abundant social bee assemblage. 6. Synthesis and applications. A species-rich and abundant bee assemblage will facilitate high pollination success in lowland coffee. This will increase fruit set and coffee yield. Farmers can encourage different species of bees through simple management measures such as growing coffee in shade beneath a variety of trees; by pruning trees to increase levels of sunlight and numbers of flowering herbs; and by increasing the availability of nesting sites for solitary bees. Weed control and the use of herbicides should be kept to a minimum so that a diverse nectar and pollen resource is available to bees throughout the year. Natural forests and forest fragments should be preserved in the vicinity of coffee agroforestry systems (< 500 m) so that forest-nesting social bees can travel easily to the coffee fields to pollinate the flowers.
Fishing effort coordination and revenue pooling arrangement in fishery comanagement : Evidence from Japan

This paper analyzes the impact of fishing effort coordination and revenue pooling arrangement on overall returns from fishery comanagement. Using the survey data collected from the Japanese fishery management organizations (FMOs) in 2005, we focused on two management measures employed by FMOs: fishing effort coordination and revenue pooling arrangement. We found that FMOs with both effort coordination and pooling arrangement outperformed those with neither or only with either one. The specific activities that these FMOs are engaged in that had positive impacts on their economic performance include marketing and harvest control. Marketing in general had a significant positive effect for FMOs with both measures, but we also found that no single specific marketing activity is a silver bullet, suggesting that the specifics vary from case to case. Our analysis provides a hint of what a fishery comanagement group can do in order to be successful in their management effort.
Helicobacter pylori vacA virulence factor in uncultured Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato from an infected child

Introduction: Helicobacter spp. colonizing the human stomach other than Helicobacter pylori have been rarely described in children. Case Presentation: We identified an uncultured Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato by histology and PCR in biopsies from a symptomatic child. Surprisingly, the PCR assay demonstrated the presence of the vacA gene in this uncultured H. heilmannii sensu lato and its sequence related highly to H. pylori vacA virulence factor. The analysis of the 16S ribosomal sequence showed higher identity with uncultured Helicobacter spp. and the H. heilmannii strain, respectively. Conclusion: This is the first report that shows the presence of vacA in an uncultured H. heilmannii sensu lato extracted from human gastric mucosa.
ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF REYNOLDS-STRESS CLOSURES IN TURBULENCE

The derivation of Reynolds-stress models for viscous incompressible turbulent flow on the basis of the Navier-Stokes and continuity equations is explored in an analytical review. The formulation of the basic equations is outlined, and particular attention is given to zero-equation and one-equation models based on eddy viscosity, two-equation (k-l, k-epsilon, and k-omega) models, and second-order closure models. The superior performance of the second-order models is demonstrated by numerical results for (1) the return to isotropy from anisotropic homogeneous turbulence, (2) homogeneous turbulent shear flow in a rotating frame, (3) and fully developed inhomogeneous turbulent channel flow in a rotating frame. The inherent limitations of the Reynolds-stress approach and areas for further improvement are discussed.