Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Socio-economic determinants of on-day site demand for recreation in old Oyo National Park, Nigeria

This paper examines the socio-economic determinants of on-day site demand of a national park in Nigeria. The services provided by the park include recreation that correlates positively with stress removal and enhanced productivity. These are not properly understood and appreciated by the people. Neither are the environmentally sound and sustainable development functions it provides. Purposive sampling technique was applied in selecting the respondents and data were collected with a well structured questionnaire. The on-site individual observation Travel Cost Method and Count Data Distributions were applied in estimating the on-day site demand equation. The very active age classes, male gender of middle class income who are highly educated constitute the tourists to the park. The average length of days spent in the park was two and the preference was for booked chalet accommodation rather than open camping. The on-site day recreation (number of days spent in the park) has a negative and significant relationship (p<.01) with recreation cost. Educational level attained has a positive and significant relationship (p<.05) with the number of days spent in the park. Age and income though negative and not significant did not agree with the logic of the elderly and the rich having more tendencies to seek recreation. Infrastructural facilities that will reduce recreational cost and free and functional education need to be put in place. In addition is massive awareness campaign that emphasizes the positive benefits of recreation that engenders good health, enhanced productivity and well being of the environment. Key words: Socio-economic determinants, On-day site demand, travel cost method, count data distributions, recreation.
Moral Disengagement and Attitudes about Violence toward Animals

Despite a growing body of evidence linking nonhuman animal cruelty to violence toward humans and increasing knowledge of the pain and suffering that animals experience at the hands of humans, research on violence toward animals is relatively sparse. This study examines public attitudes about violence against animals and the criminal justice response to such acts. The study included, as part of a statewide survey, questions of Texas residents gauging the perceived severity of numerous violent acts against nonhuman animals as well as the preferred criminal justice response. The paper presents descriptive analyses and employs OLS Regression to assess the relationship between Bandura's (1990, 1999) mechanisms of moral disengagement and violence toward animals. The paper discusses implications for future research on animal cruelty and animal abuse.
Metacognitive Regulation of Malaysian Adult ESL Learners in Vocabulary Acquisition

This study examines the relationship between metacognitive regulation and the acquisition of passive vocabulary knowledge among Malaysian adult ESL learners. Metacognitive regulation involves decisions about planning, monitoring, or/and evaluating the best ways to acquire English vocabulary. Two entities make up metacognitive regulation in this study namely selective attention such as making notes of words which seem important, and self-initiation such as reading other English reading materials besides textbooks to expand one’s vocabulary knowledge. The metacognitive regulation level of the ESL learners is analyzed using the Vocabulary Learning Questionnaire. Simultaneously, their passive vocabulary knowledge is assessed using the Vocabulary Levels Test. Passive vocabulary knowledge is usually defined as what one needs to know about a word in order to use it in reading and listening. 360 university students aged between 18 to 21 years old were involved. Though metacognitive regulation is not that preferred by the respondents, it positively and significantly correlates with passive vocabulary knowledge. Further discussion focuses on the significance of metacognitive regulation in vocabulary acquisition. This paper concludes with a discussion on the pedagogical implications of these results.
The outcome of right-siting asthma patients to primary care providers

Right-siting chronic asthma care from acute care hospitals to primary care providers (PCPs) was an initiative undertaken at an institution in Singapore. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of right-siting asthma patients from three different clinical settings. A r etrospective study was conducted from January 2012 to December 2012. A total of 460 patients were right-sited to primary care providers (PCP). Of these, 392 (85.2%) were decanted to polyclinics and 68 (14.8%) to general practice (GP) settings. The asthma control test scores were significantly improved for patients who were followed up at the polyclinic within 12 months after being right-sited to the PCP (p<0 .00 1 ). O ut-patients had lower emergency department (ED) re-attendance rates compared to other referral sources (p<0.001) and in-patients had higher re-admission rates than other referral sources (p=0.002). Re-admission patients had a statistically significantly higher mean age of 55 than non-re-admission patients at 44 (p < .001). Patients with prior ED attendance and hospitalization had higher rates of re-attendance and re-admission within a year (p = 0.00 1, p<0.001). The risk of ED patients experiencing re-attendance at the ED within 12 months was 5 times that of out-patients (p<0.001) . In conclusion, the employment of a right-siting coordinator (RSO) did provide better transition for patient care between acute hospital settings and PCPs. Although the single intervention of connecting patients to their PCPs with an appointment prior to discharge did not significantly improve patient compliance to follow-up care, it did appear to improve asthma control in patients who kept to their PCP appointments suggesting that PCP follow-up is effective in the improvement of long-term preventative care.
Adult-larval interactions in the suspension-feeding bivalves

The influence of adult density on settlement and recruitment in the suspension-feeding bivalves Cerastoderrna edule (L.) and Mya arenaria L. was investigated in a shallow soft-sediment area on the west coast of Sweden. Quantitative sampling for juvenile bivalves was performed in areas with varying densities of adult C. edule. Densities of adult C. edule and M. arenaria were also manipulated in experimental field plots. In the field study there was a negative relationshp between adult density and newly settled bivalve larvae. Four months after peak settlement the density of juvenile bivalves was still 4 times higher in the area with few adult C. edule. In the field experiment, adult C. edule and M. arenaria reduced the settlement of bivalve larvae by up to 40 and 20 % respectively. The significant effect of adult density was, however, leveled out shortly after settlement. We conclude that adult benthic suspension feeders significantly reduce settlement success of bivalve larvae, and hence may limit recruitment of new individuals. Published April 30
Growth response of maize plants (Zea mays L.) to wheat and lentil pre-cropping and to indigenous mycorrhizae in field soil

The presence of indigenous mycorrhizal fungi may have significant effects on the growth and on the root morphology of plants, under arid and semi arid soil conditions. Lentil and wheat are the traditional crops grown in Southeastern Turkey. In this study soil samples from the Harran plain were collected from the 0-15 cm surface layer under wheat or lentil crop residues and used in a pot experiment carried out under greenhouse conditions with four levels of P fertilization: 0, 20, 40 and 80 mg kg ‐1 soil as Ca(H2PO4)2. Half of the soil batches were submitted to a heating treatment (80°C, 2 h). The maize variety PX-9540 was grown in the pots for 57 days. At harvest, plant dry weight, root length, P and Zn concentrations in plant tissues were measured and the extent of root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was determined. Results showed that maize plants grown in soils where lentil had been previously cultivated grew better than those grown after wheat cultivation. In both cases, P concentration in plant tissues increased with increased P fertilization. There were no significant differences in root AMF colonization between soils with different crop sequences, nor with soils submitted to high temperature. Previous crops had a significant influence on the growth of plants that could be related to differences in the indigenous mycorrhiza inoculum potential and efficacy that can promote P uptake and benefit plant growth.
1 New records of predation on eggs of Bemisia tabaci ( Hemiptera : Aleyrodidae ) by 2 Chrysopodes ( Chrysopodes ) lineafrons ( Neuroptera : Chrysopidae ) in Northwestern 3 Argentina 4 5

Bemisia tabaci has become a major economic importance pest, affecting several crops worldwide. Among their natural enemies, species of Chrysopidae family, with larvae predators of different pests, are a very effective biological control agent. The developmental time and survival of the immature stages of Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) lineafrons, and the longevity and oviposition of adults fed with eggs of B. tabaci was determined. C. (C.) lineafrons adults were collected in tomato crops in Lules department, Tucumán province. To determine the developmental duration of each instar, and larvae survival, 90 eggs of C. (C.) lineafrons were randomly selected, of which only 71 eggs hatched; of these, 34 larvae were fed with B. tabaci eggs and 37 with Sitotroga cerealella eggs, used as control. Oviposition and longevity of adults fed with the two preys were recorded. C. (C.) lineafrons larvae consumed an average of 127.04 B. tabaci eggs and 44 S. cerealella eggs per day. Mean developmental time of C. (C.) lineafrons fed with B. tabaci eggs was 45 days; while for those fed with S. cerealella eggs it was 35 days. Immature stages survival, number of eggs per adults and longevity were higher when C. (C.) lineafrons were fed with S. cerealella eggs than with B. tabaci eggs. C. (C.) lineafrons proved to be an efficient predator, thus representing an excellent tool for the biological control of B. tabaci in tomato crops .
Use of Technology in Classroom for Professional Development

Technology has modified the method of learning and teaching . Many learning theories can be used to apply and integrate this technology more effectively. There is a close relationship between technology and constructivism has got a close relationship. The implementation of each of these has merits for the other. Learning happens in situations, while technology focuses on the settings and programs which make learners be involved in. The latest efforts have been done to incorporate technology in classrooms based on the constructivist structure context. This paper aims at investigating. (a) benefits of the incorporation of technology into the classroom (b) successful technology integration into the classroom (c) factors contributing to teachers’ use of technology (d) The application of learning theory by teachers to make technology more efficient (e) learning with technology: constructivist perspective and (f) constructivism as a framework for educational technology. This paper explains that if technology on its own can make the progress of education more efficient or not and if the existence of a complete instructional theory for technology is serious for indicating its positive effect on the learner is an important issue.
Damage caused by termites (Isoptera: Termitidae) in coconut nurseries of Rufiji District, Tanzania

Subterranean termites are major pests of various food and cash crops in tropical and subtropical regions causing serious seedling losses. If control measures are not applied, losses ascribed to termites is estimated at 20%. The aim of this study is to assess coconut seedling (Cocos nucifera) losses due to termite pest species and to suggest possible control measures. Assessment of termite damage to coconut seedlings was conducted in established coconut nurseries at four villages (Nyambili, Pagae, Mtawanya and Nambunju) over a period of one year. Hand sorting was carried out from twenty seedlings foraged by termites and to identify termite pest species present in the coconut nurseries. The common pest species were Microtermes, Pseudacanthotermes, Macrotermes and Odontotermes. Infestation from these species was diverse but the most serious parts affected were plant roots, tunneling in root collar, wilting and eventually death of the seedling. Seedlings with physiological stress were uprooted to identify termite species related to the death. Losses caused by Pseudacanthoermes, Microtermes and Macrotermes ranged from 20-100%. Termite pest species abundance from coconut nurseries was significantly different. This study provided information on termite pest in coconut nurseries that can be used for development of sustainable and socially acceptable termite control measures.
The Quantitative Assessment of Antimicrobial Agents: The Case of Sub-Inhibitory Concentrations of Eucalyptus globulus Essential Oil Against Staphylococcus aureus

We have applied techniques that enable us to measure quantitatively the action of an antimicrobial agent upon the five characteristic growth parameters of a microbial culture. The methods were used to study the action of Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae) essential oil upon a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus in a standard growth medium. We showed that the Eucalyptus oil produced a cultivable population reduction during both the adaptation phase and the exponential growth phase with the same specific reduction rate. This reduction rate was determined as an explicit function of the oil concentration. The oil does not affect the adaptation time. Our results suggest that the oil inactivates the bacteria via a "target" that is accessible to the oil whilst the internal cell transformation prepare the cell for its exponential growth period, but later, as the cells transform themselves into the stationary phase, this target ceases to be "accessible" to the oil. This process is reversible; the change from "accessible" to "inaccessible" occurs when the bacteria are transforming into the stationary phase.
Recommendations for diagnosing effective radiative forcing from climate models for CMIP6

The usefulness of previous Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) exercises has been hampered by a lack of radiative forcing information. This has made it difficult to understand reasons for differences between model responses. Effective radiative forcing (ERF) is easier to diagnose than traditional radiative forcing in global climate models (GCMs) and is more representative of the eventual temperature response. Here we examine the different methods of computing ERF in two GCMs. We find that ERF computed from a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) method (ERF_fSST) has much more certainty than regression based methods. Thirty year integrations are sufficient to reduce the 5–95% confidence interval in global ERF_fSST to 0.1 W m−2. For 2xCO2 ERF, 30 year integrations are needed to ensure that the signal is larger than the local confidence interval over more than 90% of the globe. Within the ERF_fSST method there are various options for prescribing SSTs and sea ice. We explore these and find that ERF is only weakly dependent on the methodological choices. Prescribing the monthly averaged seasonally varying model's preindustrial climatology is recommended for its smaller random error and easier implementation. As part of CMIP6, the Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project (RFMIP) asks models to conduct 30 year ERF_fSST experiments using the model's own preindustrial climatology of SST and sea ice. The Aerosol and Chemistry Model Intercomparison Project (AerChemMIP) will also mainly use this approach. We propose this as a standard method for diagnosing ERF and recommend that it be used across the climate modeling community to aid future comparisons.
Clinical Associations of Long Anterior Zonules: A Review

Background and Aim: The presence of long anterior zonules [LAZ] in the eye was first described in 1907. They have been reported to be associated with potentially blinding ocular diseases like retinal degeneration and glaucoma. Despite this it is understudied and little is known about their pathophysiology and natural history. This review discusses the different aspects of the long anterior zonule phenotype and suggests areas for further research. Methods: We reviewed the available literature on eyes with LAZ and describe their characteristics and associations under different clinical subheadings. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that patients with long anterior zonules need to be investigated carefully for associated retinal disease and glaucoma. Asymptomatic cases need to be followed up closely for the development of these potentially blinding ocular diseases. Prospective studies are required to shed more light on the inheritance ,pathogenesis and natural history of long anterior zonules. Keywords: long anterior zonules, glaucoma, late onset retinal macular degeneration, pigment dispersion, pigmented lens striae
A MODEL FOR CRACK PROPAGATION BASED ON VISCOUS APPROXIMATION

In the setting of antiplane linearized elasticity, we show the existence of quasistatic evolutions of cracks in brittle materials by using a vanishing viscosity approach, thus taking into account local minimization. The main feature of our model is that the path followed by the crack need not be prescribed a priori: indeed, it is found as the limit (in the sense of Hausdorff convergence) of curves obtained by an incremental procedure. The result is based on a continuity property for the energy release rate in a suitable class of admissible cracks.
Pupils’ Conceptions of Geography: Towards an Improved Understanding

This paper explores both substantive and methodological issues relating to research investigating Year 9 (age 13–14) pupils’ conceptions of geography in one English comprehensive school. Posters, a questionnaire and interviews were used to generate a variety of forms of data. Findings indicated that the pupils saw geography as about the world, people and ways of life, countries, and world problems, and as a dynamic subject in which multiple points of view were considered. Mapwork, life skills, understanding other people’s perspectives and geographical knowledge were the main skills associated with the subject. Values entered pupils’ ideas in various ways, relating to respecting other people’s points of view, and nurturing attitudes of respect for cultures or the environment. The paper concludes that these pupils’ conceptions of geography may be better understood through individual pupil profiles that reflect the links between their ideas.
Optimization of a 10G recirculating loop test bed

An optical fiber recirculating loop is a device used to experiment and study long haul transmissions for optical fiber communication applications. It simulates long distance communications by making the signal circulate through a loop containing one or multiple spans of optical fiber a certain number of times, saving the expensive cost of the equipment needed to reach thousands of kilometers. This bachelor thesis aims to optimize the 10G optical recirculating loop test bed placed in the Network Laboratory of ETS University. This loop contains approximately 160 km of optical fiber, two dispersion compensator modules (DCM) and four EDFA amplifiers. The signal under test is a 10G (OC-192) NRZ in a DWDM 50 GHz channel span. Test bed is characterized and various configurations are studied to optimize its performance. Different software is developed in order to control the loop and obtain results of the quality of transmission of the signal after it. Finally, different experiments are performed and results are provided to demonstrate the operation.
Daily exchange rate pass-through into micro prices

ABSTRACT This article estimates the exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) by using good-level daily data on wholesale prices of imported agricultural products, where the identification is achieved by using daily data on the domestic inflation rate. The results of standard empirical analyses are in line with existing studies that employ lower frequencies of data by showing evidence for incomplete daily ERPT of about %. The key innovation is achieved when nonlinearities in ERPT are considered, where ERPT is doubled to about % when daily nominal exchange rate changes are above %, daily frequencies of price change are above % and storage life of a product is above weeks. Important policy implications follow.
The Effect Of Material Discontinuity On The Flanges Of Axially Compressed Cylinder

Presence of defects, such as cracks, may affect the buckling behaviour of a cylindrical shell. The buckling behaviour of axially compressed mild steel cylindrical shells with material discontinuity on the flanges is presented in this project. This project is carried out by numerical analysis on eight CAE models and experimental analysis on eight cylindrical shells subjected to axial compression with flanges fully welded on bottom while material discontinuity is introduced on the top flange. The thickness of the cylindrical shells is 2 mm, while the outer diameter is 104 mm. The results of the numerical analysis show that the maximum compressive load of model is decreasing as the percentage of crack length of model is increasing. As conclusion, it is shown in numerical analysis that the higher the percentage of the crack length introduced on the top flange, the lower the maximum compressive load of the model in the analysis.
Palaeomagnetic dating of fault rocks: evidence for Permian and Mesozoic movements and brittle deformation along the extensional Dalsfjord Fault, western Norway

SUMMARY Palaeomagnetic and structural studies of the Dalsfjord Nappe, western Norway, show that the basal ! ow-angle detachment (Dalsfjord Fault) is a long-lived fault zone, and that the most important phase of faulting was of Devonian extension, probably nucleated on an earlier Silurian (Scandian) thrust. Fault rocks produced during subsequent movements indicate that the Dalsfjord Fault underwent periods of brittle low-angle extensional reactivation during the Permian (250-260 Ma) and Upper Jurassic/Lower Cretaceous (c. 150 Ma), corresponding with stages of major extensional movements on the continental shelf. Palaeomagnetic studies may be of great importance for dating faults and major movement stages in long-lived fault systems. The particular importance of the results is that they show that low-angle normal faults can operate in a brittle upper crustal regime.