Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protective buffering and emotional desynchrony among spousal caregivers of cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE To examine protective buffering and emotional desynchrony among spousal caregivers of cancer survivors. DESIGN Repeated measures; 42 caregivers engaged in 2 videotaped, oral emotional expression exercises: 1 in the presence of their patient and 1 in the absence of their patient. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Felt emotion (self-report) and expressed emotion (lexical expression or words uttered and coder-derived facial expression). Other measures assessed mental and physical health, dyadic satisfaction, and dispositional emotional inhibition. RESULTS Protective buffering differed by communicative channel (lexical vs. facial). Caregivers' facial expressions were more positive when the patient was present versus absent. In contrast, the valence of caregivers' words did not differ per patient presence. Facial protective buffering was unrelated to health and dyadic outcomes. Lexical protective buffering was inversely related to both caregiver and patient marital satisfaction. Dispositional emotional inhibition was inversely related to caregiver mental health and marital satisfaction. Desynchrony occurred when the patient was present but was counter to prediction; felt emotion was more positive than expressed emotion. CONCLUSION Results provide behavioral evidence of facial protective buffering. To the extent that lexical buffering occurs, it poses a dyadic risk, and chronic inhibition poses both psychological and dyadic risks. Future research is needed to refine the operational definition of desynchrony and to examine the biopsychosocial sequelae of buffering.
Constituent syllable effects in a nonsense-word repetition task.

Multisyllabic nonsense-word repetition tasks have been used to provide evidence on the phonological processing operations of children with language impairment, independent of their lexical knowledge (Gathercole & Baddeley, 1990; Kamhi, Catts, Mauer, Apel, & Gentry, 1988). However, recent evidence (Gathercole, Willis, Emslie, & Baddeley, 1991) and speculation (Snowling, Chiat, & Hulme, 1991) suggest that the nonsense words employed in such tasks may not be equally "nonsensical. " The present investigation directly tested the effect on repetition performance of one previously uncontrolled characteristic of multisyllabic nonsense words: the lexical status (word or nonword) of their stressed syllables. Normally achieving school-age boys repeated nonsense words with lexical stressed syllables significantly more accurately than nonsense words with nonlexical stressed syllables. These results suggest the need to control, at a minimum, the lexical status of constituent syllables in constructing nonsense-word stimuli.
Laser Removal of Tattoos

In Western countries the phenomenon of “tattooing” is expanding and tattoos are considered a new fashion among young people. In this paper we briefly trace the history of tattooing, the techniques used, the analysis of pigments used, and their possible adverse reactions. We also carried out a review of the international literature on the use of Q-switched laser in tattoo removal and its complications, and we describe our experience in the use of this technique.
Just in Time: Controlling Temporal Performance in Crowdsourcing Competitions

Many modern data analytics applications in areas such as crisis management, stock trading, and healthcare, rely on components capable of nearly real-time processing of streaming data produced at varying rates. In addition to automatic processing methods, many tasks involved in those applications require further human assessment and analysis. However, current crowdsourcing platforms and systems do not support stream processing with variable loads. In this paper, we investigate how incentive mechanisms in competition based crowdsourcing can be employed in such scenarios. More specifically, we explore techniques for stimulating workers to dynamically adapt to both anticipated and sudden changes in data volume and processing demand, and we analyze effects such as data processing throughput, peak-to-average ratios, and saturation effects. To this end, we study a wide range of incentive schemes and utility functions inspired by real world applications. Our large-scale experimental evaluation with more than 900 participants and more than 6200 hours of work spent by crowd workers demonstrates that our competition based mechanisms are capable of adjusting the throughput of online workers and lead to substantial on-demand performance boosts.
Randomized Controlled Trial: Lisinopril Reduces Proteinuria, Ammonia, and Renal Polypeptide Tubular Catabolism in Patients With Chronic Allograft Nephropathy

Background. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in native nephropathies reduce proteinuria and delay progression to renal failure. Data in renal transplantation remain limited. A negative effect on glomerular filtration rate was concluded in a recent systematic review. Methods. In this novel randomized controlled trial, 47 patients with chronic allograft nephropathy, severe renal impairment, and more than or equal to 1 g/24 hr proteinuria were randomized to lisinopril (group A) or other hypotensives (group B) for 1 year. Sodium bicarbonate was given to all patients to treat metabolic acidosis prophylactically (acidosis increases significantly with lisinopril). The annual rate of decline of graft function was measured isotopically (primary outcome) and 24 hr proteinuria, genotyping, radiolabeled polypeptide aprotinin proximal tubular catabolic studies (in group A only) as secondary outcome measurements were undertaken. Results. At baseline, groups were comparable except for greater proteinuria in group A. After 1 year, the rate of decline of graft function and graft survival were comparable in both groups. Proteinuria decreased significantly in group A patients only. Lisinopril also significantly reduced radiolabeled aprotinin uptake and metabolism, plasma aldosterone, and ammonia excretion. Plasma potassium, bicarbonate, and mean arterial pressures were comparable in both groups. Patients with more than or equal to 30% reduction in proteinuria had a significant association with rs699 polymorphism in the angiotensinogen gene. Conclusions. The rate of decline of renal graft function in patients with chronic allograft nephropathy was not adversely affected by lisinopril therapy given for 1 year. Lisinopril significantly reduced proteinuria, renal proximal tubular polypeptide catabolism, plasma aldosterone, and ammonia excretion suggesting relative preservation of graft function. Treating metabolic acidosis allowed safe and prolonged use of angiotensinogen-converting enzyme inhibitors.
Maternal Deprivation: Can its Ghost Be Laid?

The hypothesis that separation from an established mother figure in early childhood has a detrimental effect on a child's later mental health has been widely promulgated and commonly accepted both in academic and lay circles throughout the Western world. The hypothesis continues to have a significant effect on mother's decisions as to whether they should resume work or not, and on governmental policy concerning the provision of child-care facilities for the children of those mothers who do. The evidence for the hypothesis is reviewed and it is concluded that it does not satisfy the requirements of scientific methodology. The theory that a child's attachment to its mother figure is the emotional basis for its future love relationships, group affiliations and loyalty to the state, is now being accorded similar acceptance without further evidence than that supporting the original hypothesis.
Blind equalization/detection for OFDM signals over frequency-selective channels

A novel equalization/detection algorithm for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals transmitted over frequency-selective channels is introduced and investigated. The algorithm stems from the recognition that the Fourier transform processing inherent in OFDM turns a single wideband frequency-selective channel into a set of correlated narrowband frequency-flat fading channels. This suggests that sequence detection techniques, such as those discussed by Vitetta et al. (see IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.43, p.2750-8, 1995, IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.43, pt.II, p.1256-9, 1995, and Proc. IEEE Commun. Theory Mini-Conf (Globecom '96), London, UK, p.153-7, 1996), for time-selective flat-fading channels, can be also profitably utilized for joint equalization and decoding of OFDM signals in the frequency domain. Simulation results show that the proposed detection strategy, implemented via a standard Viterbi algorithm, provides improved performance over differential detection, with a moderate increase in receiver complexity and without requiring the periodic transmission of training blocks.
APOE-Sensitive Cholinergic Sprouting Compensates for Hippocampal Dysfunctions Due to Reduced Entorhinal Input

Brain mechanisms compensating for cerebral lesions may mitigate the progression of chronic neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which often precedes AD, is characterized by neuronal loss in the entorhinal cortex (EC). This loss leads to a hippocampal disconnection syndrome that drives clinical progression. The concomitant sprouting of cholinergic terminals in the hippocampus has been proposed to compensate for reduced EC glutamatergic input. However, in absence of direct experimental evidence, the compensatory nature of the cholinergic sprouting and its putative mechanisms remain elusive. Transgenic mice expressing the human APOE4 allele, the main genetic risk factor for sporadic MCI/AD, display impaired cholinergic sprouting after EC lesion. Using these mice as a tool to manipulate cholinergic sprouting in a disease-relevant way, we showed that this sprouting was necessary and sufficient for the acute compensation of EC lesion-induced spatial memory deficit before a slower glutamatergic reinnervation took place. We also found that partial EC lesion generates abnormal hyperactivity in EC/dentate networks. Dentate hyperactivity was abolished by optogenetic stimulation of cholinergic fibers. Therefore, control of dentate hyperactivity by cholinergic sprouting may be involved in functional compensation after entorhinal lesion. Our results also suggest that dentate hyperactivity in MCI patients may be directly related to EC neuronal loss. Impaired sprouting during the MCI stage may contribute to the faster cognitive decline reported in APOE4 carriers. Beyond the amyloid contribution, the potential role of both cholinergic sprouting and dentate hyperactivity in AD symptomatogenesis should be considered in designing new therapeutic approaches. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Currently, curative treatment trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have failed. The endogenous ability of the brain to cope with neuronal loss probably represents one of the most promising therapeutic targets, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we show that the mammalian brain is able to manage several deleterious consequences of the loss of entorhinal neurons on hippocampal activity and cognitive performance through a fast cholinergic sprouting followed by a slower glutamatergic reinnervation. The cholinergic sprouting is gender dependent and highly sensitive to the genetic risk factor APOE4. Our findings highlight the specific impact of early loss of entorhinal input on hippocampal hyperactivity and cognitive deficits characterizing early stages of AD, especially in APOE4 carriers.
Effects of SM-20550 Against Myocardial Infarction-induced Arrhythmias, Late Infarct Expansion, and Left Ventricular Dysfunction

The aim of the study was to evaluate the cardioprotective and antiarrhythmic effects of intravenous Na+/H+ blockers (cariporide and SM-20550) in a rat model of ischemia and a long period reperfusion (14 days). This model allowed study of the role of Na+/H+ exchanger against late myocardial infarct expansion and left ventricular dysfunction. Each compound was administered 5 min before ischemia. Cariporide (from 0.16 mg/kg) and SM-20550 (from 0.04 mg/kg) significantly and dose-dependently reduced the number of ventricular premature beats during ischemia. The duration of ventricular tachycardia was importantly shortened in the presence of cariporide (0.63 mg/kg) and SM-20550 (0.16 mg/kg). Furthermore, cariporide (0.63 mg/kg) and SM-20550 (from 0.04 mg/kg) significantly reduced the infarct expansion: 43 ± 2% in the cariporide group and 42 ± 2% at 0.16 mg/kg SM-20550 versus 48 ± 1% in the vehicle group. Cariporide and SM-20550 significantly prevented the left ventricular free wall thinning associated with the thickness ratio, suggesting a significant reduction of the ventricular dilation. Cariporide and SM-20550 significantly improved the negative dP/dtmax, suggesting a partial restoration of the cardiac relaxation. Collectively, Na+/H+ blockers administered before ischemia reduced arrhythmias and also prevented the remodeling process of the heart during postinfarction.
Neuroprotective effect of cilostazol against retinal ischemic damage via inhibition of leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions

Summary. Background: Cilostazol, a selective platelet phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has been shown to reduce neuronal injury after transient cerebral ischemia. Its neuroprotective effect is thought to result from an antiplatelet function. This study was designed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of cilostazol against retinal ischemic damage focusing on leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions.
POLYPLOID PRODUCTION IN LILIUM LEICHTLINII VAR . MAXIMOWICZII USING COLCHICINE

This study was carried out to assemble the basic data on the breeding of new L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii cultivars. Various concentrations and soaking times were investigated to determine the most effective approach to induce polyploid plants via colchicine treatment. In determining the survival rate and root formation degree of bulblets by colchicine treatment, it was found that the higher the colchicine concentration and the longer the soaking time were, the more the survival rate and root formation degree decreased. Chromosome analysis by flow cytometry and chromosome counting revealed that colchicine treatment produced a total of 83 polyploid plants. Although the soaking treatment in 0.2% colchicine for 9 hours induced the highest percentage of polyploid plants among the survived plants, a high percentage of the plants died. Interestingly, soaking treatment in 0.05% colchicine for 9 hours induced 15 polyploid plants, which was about 50% of the total number of bulblets tested in this study, hence this was considered the most suitable treatment to produce polyploid in L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii.
Effectiveness of Nursing Intervention Measures on Minimizing Puerperal Mastitis and promoting breast feeding

Mastitis is a significant common problem in lactating women and may contribute to weaning in the first three weeks. Mastitis has been reported as the third most common reason for weaning. The Aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing intervention measures on minimizing Puerperal mastitis and promoting breast feeding. Material and Methods: The study was conducted at gynecological outpatient clinic at Benha University Hospital.The study design was a quasi experimental design. Purposive sample of 120 mothers selected randomly and divided into two equal group (60 study group & 60 control group). Tools of Data Collection were interviewing questionnaire sheet. Observational & follow up check list. Results of this study revealed that, mean age 25.2± 5.0 years of study group and 24.6±4.7 of Control Group with higher in percentage in age group (20-25)years (45.0% , 33.3%) in study and control group respectively with non-significance difference (P>0.05) in follow up antenatal care (36.7% & 25.0%) in study and control groups respectively. With highly significance difference (P<0.001) between study & control groups post intervention in knowledge of both importance of breast feeding , importance of colostrum milk, number of breast feeding /day, the ideal way to breast feeding and indicators of their infant hunger between study & control groups. Also there were highly significant difference (p<0.001**) between both groups in post intervention the most of study group (86.7%, 83.3%, 88.3%, 96.7%) recovery from pain, redness, edema and pyrexia with highly significance difference (P<0.000) between knowledge and practice post intervention. more than one third the nurse(38.3%; 35%) is the main source of knowledge about breastfeeding. Conclusion: nursing intervention was more effective and contributed rapid recovery from mastitis. The breastfeeding intervention of health care professionals must be adapted to an effective program, 20-hour breastfeeding training course, and puerperal mastitis should be accepted as a public health care issue. Keywards: Puerperal Mastitis, nursing intervention, breast feeding.
Palivizumab Adherence and Outcomes in Canadian Aboriginal Children

Background: Aboriginal infants are at risk for serious respiratory infection. Objective: To determine the hazard rate (HR) for respiratory-related illness (RIH) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) specific infection hospitalization (RSVH) in Aboriginal versus non-Aboriginal children receiving palivizumab and the effect of adherence on hospitalization. Methods: Palivizumab recipients in the Canadian registry from 2005 to 2014 were included. Adherence was determined by the number of palivizumab doses received during the RSV season and interdose time interval. Adherence proportions between groups were compared by &khgr;2 test. Cox proportional hazard analysis determined the effect of Aboriginal status and adherence on the risk of RIH and RSVH. Results: Aboriginal infants comprised 3.6% (701/19,235) of the registry. HR was 1.6 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3–2.0, P < 0.001] and 1.2 (95% CI: 0.7–2.2, P = 0.383) for RIH and RSVH. Aboriginal infants were 62.8% and 63.3% adherent with all recommended injections and within stipulated time intervals, respectively, whereas 81.9% (&khgr;2 = 162.45, df = 1, P < 0.001) and 72.4% (&khgr;2 = 27.35, df = 1, P = 0.002) of non-Aboriginal infants were correspondingly adherent. Only 39.9% of Aboriginals were perfectly adherent (adherent to total number and injection intervals), compared with 61.7% of non-Aboriginals (&khgr;2 = 133.89, df = 1, P < 0.001). Even after adjustment for known risk factors, being Aboriginal and nonadherent was associated with higher RIH hazard (HR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1–1.8; HR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1–1.4, P = 0.004), respectively. Aboriginals nonadherent with interdose intervals had a 2.2-fold increased HR for RSVH (HR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2–4.2, P = 0.015). Conclusions: Prophylaxed Aboriginal infants have a significantly increased RIH and RSVH hazard than non-Aboriginal infants. Improving adherence especially interdose frequency may further reduce hospitalizations in this vulnerable population.
Sensitive and specific detection of retinoid receptor subtype proteins in cultured cell and tumor extracts.

Subtype-specific antipeptide antibodies have been developed against each of the retinoic acid receptors (RARs alpha, beta, and gamma) and each of the retinoid X receptors (RXRs alpha, beta, and gamma). Each antibody reacts specifically with its respective recombinantly expressed protein but not with any of the other retinoid receptor subtypes, by both immunoblot and immunoprecipitation technology. We describe a sensitive and specific assay that combines the binding of cultured cell and tumor extracts to [3H]all-trans-retinoic acid or [3H]9-cis-retinoic acid with immunoprecipitation of the hormone-receptor complexes by the subtype-specific antibodies to determine the levels of functional retinoid receptor subtype proteins that are present. We also report the use of a hormone-binding assay that uses RAR- and RXR-selective compounds as competitors of the tritiated retinoids to ascertain the RAR and RXR subfamily profiles of these cells. HeLa cells contain all six retinoid receptor proteins ranging in concentration from 9 fmol/mg total protein for RAR beta and RXR gamma to 50 fmol/mg for RXR alpha. Hep G2 and HL60 cells express RAR alpha and RXR alpha proteins at approximately 20-60 fmol receptor/mg protein, and RAR beta is expressed at lower levels (approximately 5 fmol/mg) in Hep G2 cells. MCF-7 cells in culture express RAR alpha (approximately 32 fmol/mg), RAR gamma (approximately 35 fmol/mg), and RXR alpha (approximately 60 fmol/mg). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Plant Networks for Processing Recyclable Materials

We use a modified optimal market area model to examine how links between material recycling and other aspects of operations strategy can shape plant networks for the processing of recyclable materials. We characterize the complementarity of the recyclate ratio, defined as the maximum recycled content, with material versatility and miniscaling of recycling plants. We also observe that it is beneficial to coordinate investments in recycling-and production-related competencies because colocated recycling and production plants minimills eliminate recyclate transport. We therefore consider versatile miniplants, defined as a competency that factors in both material versatility and coordinated miniscaling of recycling and production plants, and capture how it complements both the recyclate ratio and localization of production plants, a competency that takes advantage of local adaptation and customer proximity. In numerical examples for rolled aluminum and nylon resin plant networks in Europe, we find that the complementarity effects are large, as they are for nylon resins, if recycling is nascent and challenging economically and if the plant network is too centralized at first to benefit much from an increased recyclate ratio or increased localization. We find that, for the nylon resin network, considering an investment in the recyclate ratio as part of a coordinated investment plan drives the emergence of a decentralized and localized minimill network, even though an increased recyclate ratio does not link directly with either decentralization or localization. We conclude that material recycling, versatile miniplants, and localization can fit well together in a forward-looking, sustainable operations strategy.