Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“I‐J” as an Idiotypic Marker on the Antigen‐Specific Suppressor T Cell Factor

The I-J subregion was originally mapped between the I-A and I-E subregions of the mouse H-2 complex (MHC), and is defined by H-2-congemc pairs, such as BI0.A(3R) and B10.A(5R), or BI0.S(9R) and BIO.HTT (Murphy et al. 1976). In particular, B10.A(5R) and B10.A(3R) are derived from a cross between A/WySn and C57BL/10 and were thought to represent identical recombinational events, since none of the known properties of the MHC genes seemed to distinguish two congenic hnes (Stimpfling & Reichert 1970). However, a genetic difference between B10.A(3R) and B10.A(5R) was demonstrated by Murphy et al. (1976) in their ability to absorb antibody activity to allotype-specific suppressor T cells from conventional alloanti-Ia'' antiserum (A.TH anti-A.TL). Therefore, the recombination points of these H-2-congenic strains seem to be diiferent, defining a new subregion encompassing the Ia-4 locus coded for the product on suppressor T cells. However, recent molecular genetic studies, especially on tbe molecular map of the I region as reported by Steinmetz et al. (1982), have clearly demonstrated that there is little or no room to accomodate a gene encoding an I-J molecule in the expected I region between the I-A and I-E subregions. In other words, there seems to be no evidence for a distinct I-J gene between the E-alpha and E-beta genes that encode the alpha and beta chaias of the I-E molecule, and these two genes also define the boundaries of the I-A and I-E subregions in the classical genetic mapping grid. Moreover, Kronenberg et al. (1983) have analyzed the expression of I-J-related sequences by examining RNA transcripts from suppressor T cell hybridomas. An attempt was made to hybridize mRNAs prepared from several suppressor T
Collaborative Evaluation of a Proposed Reference Dilution Method of Susceptibility Testing of Anaerobic Bacteria

An agar dilution method for susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria was evaluated to determine whether results obtained would be consistent enough to recommend it as a reference method. The study was conducted in 10 laboratories where the minimum inhibitory concentrations of six antibiotics (carbenicillin, cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, penicillin G, and tetracycline) were determined against 10 bacterial strains on Wilkins-Chalgren agar prepared by three manufacturers. Minimum inhibitory concentrations falling on the modes varied from 57 to 80% of all determinations and on the mode or within ±1 log2 dilution of the mode from 87 to 100% within each laboratory. When data from all laboratories were pooled, minimum inhibitory concentrations from each laboratory agreed with the overall mode 48 to 71% of the time, with an overall agreement at ±1 log2 dilution of 96%. This degree of reproducibility allows for recommendation of the procedure as a reference method. Results with three of the test strains were very consistent, and these strains are recommended as control strains: Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124, Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285 and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron ATCC 29741. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for these strains were on the mode or within ±1 log2 dilution of the mode 98, 99, and 99% of the time, respectively. The remaining anaerobic bacteria are recommended as reference strains.
A Survey Analysis of Forest Harvesting and Transportation Operations in Michigan

This paper assesses the technology involved in commercial forest harvesting and delivery operations. It investigates existing forest-based production capacity and its potential to supply the startup of large scale forest-based industries. A survey of harvesting and transportation workforce and technology was mailed to 1,130 logging firms operating in Michigan and four Wisconsin counties that adjoin Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. The response rate received was 28%. The paper details and analyses the different operational matters, conditions, equipment and transportation use reported by logging firms. The study provides technical forest products operations information and methods for assessing the capacity of logging firms and markets looking to expand their businesses.
Liquidity Misallocation in an Over-the-Counter Market

To understand the illiquidity of the over-the-counter market when dealers and traders are in long-term relationships, I develop a framework to study the endogenous liquidity distortions resulting from the profit-maximizing, screening behavior of dealers. The dealer offers the trading mechanism contingent on the aggregate history of his customers summarized by the asset allocation. The equilibrium distortion is type dependent: trade with small surplus breaks down; trade with intermediate surplus is delayed; trade with large surplus is carried out with a large bid/ask spread but without delay. The distortions become more severe when the valuation shock is frequent, the valuation dispersion is large or the matching friction to form new relationships is large. Implications on the dealer's quoting strategy and asset pricing are also discussed.
The API Economy and Digital Transformation in Financial Services: The Case of Open Banking

In this paper we seek to do two things. Firstly, by exploring the fundamental properties and various applications of open application programming interfaces (APIs) mentioned in extant literature, we articulate what are the relevant theories that give rise to the new organisational structures and platform business models we observe in the digital age. Understanding such phenomena will help us anticipate, and in some ways predict, the implications of public APIs’ adoption in the financial services sector. The second part of our paper exposes some of our findings around the key challenges and opportunities that open APIs pose for the banking sector in the UK and the EU following the introduction of the Open Banking Working Group (OBWG) and Second Payments Services Directive (PSD2) regulatory frameworks. Our insights were produced from extensive field research and interviews with key industry experts between July 2016 and February 2017. Our use of theory helps us translate these findings and provide recommendations for financial institutions, FinTech startups, technology companies, and regulators. We hope to help them prepare for some of the key changes and issues that the financial sector may be facing in the next few years as the use of open APIs becomes more ‘mainstream’.
The Effect of the Tasks Middle Managers Perform on Organizational Performance

This paper asks: what influence do various middle management tasks have on organizational performance? We identify five tasks: setting clear goals, communication, participative management, human resources management, and resource distribution, and model their separate and combined influence on objective performance measures. Using a dataset of survey and performance data from 2007–2010 on over 250 public schools in Hawaii, findings show that setting clear goals has a positive, significant impact on performance. After combining these tasks into three general management measures (leadership, management, and resource management), results show that the management dimension is significant. This study adds to the public management literature by focusing on the effect of middle management, and specific management tasks, on performance, in a unionized agency.
What Does It Mean to Be in a Team? Evidence from U.S. Mutual Fund Managers

In recent years, team management has replaced single management to become the dominant management structure in the U.S. mutual fund industry. However, empirical studies on the impacts of team management show mixed results. Using accurate fund manager information from actively-managed equity mutual funds, this paper reexamines the effect of team management on fund outcomes after controlling for fund and managerial characteristics, as well as unobservable managerial heterogeneities that have shown to play an important role in determining fund performance. I find no evidence that fund performance differs between team- and single-managed funds. However, when a manager joins a large team, the manager on average receives less fund flow compared to when this manager manages a fund individually. The sensitivity of fund flow to fund performance for a manager is also lower when in a team compared to being single.
Enrofloxacin Residue Detection in Marketed Pork of North East India

The study was conducted to detect residues of Enrofloxacin in marketed pork of north eastern region of India which includes the states of Assam, Meghalaya and Mizoram. A total of 586 no. of samples comprising of kidney, liver and muscle were collected for the present study. The samples were collected in sterile containers from the market and after collection were preserved under freezing temperature of -20 °C. The samples were screened using an Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) System equipped with Autosampler and Diode Array Detection system. The flow rate of the system was maintained at 1.0 ml.min -1 in an isocratic mode. Out of the 586 screened samples, 36 pork samples were found to be positive for Enrofloxacin residues. Enrofloxacin traces were detected in 13 kidney, 10 liver and 13 muscle samples respectively. All the positive samples were below the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL). It may be concluded that there is no public health concern for presence of enrofloxacin residues in pork.
The role of loan commitment terms in credit allocation on the UK small firms loan guarantee scheme

In this paper we provide empirical evidence concerning the nature of loan commitment contracts as reflected by individual loan contract parameters in influencing the size of bank commitments. Specifically, we consider how the quantitative allocation of credit, the loan amount, is affected or altered by changes to other components of the total loan package. By doing so we shed some more light on the types of real world trade-offs that credit constrained firms might face when approaching banks for funds, using the UK governments loan guarantee programme. Our results point at the importance of relationship lending in the UK.
Disentangling Pioneering Cost Advantages and Disadvantages

Existing literature discusses a number of possible pioneering cost advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, we empirically test three different sources of long-term pioneering cost advantage---experience curve effects, preemption of input factors, and preemption of ideal market space---and three different sources of pioneering cost disadvantage---imitation, vintage effects, and demand orientation. We disentangle these sources by breaking total cost of a business unit into three different components---purchasing, production, and selling, general, and administrative SG&A costs---and identifying conditions that intensify or reduce the effect of the proposed source. Using two samples of business units, one for consumer goods and one for industrial goods, we find support for five of the six sources of pioneering cost advantage and disadvantage in both samples, while the advantage due to preemption of ideal market space is limited to the consumer goods sample. The unconditional analysis shows a pioneering purchasing cost advantage but even larger pioneering production and SG&A cost disadvantages. The complexity of our obtained findings suggests that managers need to think carefully about their particular conditions before making assumptions about the cost and, therefore, profit implications of a pioneering strategy.
DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) Signatures

DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) permits a person, role, or organization that owns the signing domain to claim some responsibility for a message by associating the domain with the message. This can be an author's organization, an operational relay, or one of their agents. DKIM separates the question of the identity of the Signer of the message from the purported author of the message. Assertion of responsibility is validated through a cryptographic signature and by querying the Signer's domain directly to retrieve the appropriate public key. Message transit from author to recipient is through relays that typically make no substantive change to the message content and thus preserve the DKIM signature. This memo obsoletes RFC 4871 and RFC 5672. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Physical Interpersonal Relationships and Social Anxiety among Online Game Players

Many online game players spend inordinate amounts of time in their favorite virtual worlds. A large percentage of these players are teenagers who show behaviors normally associated with physical addiction. Parents, educators, and social scientists are therefore saying that online games are sources of social problems. The authors surveyed 174 Taiwanese college-age online players to collect data on the potential effects of online games on the quality of interpersonal relationships and levels of social anxiety. According to the results, the quality of interpersonal relationships decreased and the amount of social anxiety increased as the amount of time spent playing online games increased.
Infared Milk Fatty Acid Analysis: Experience in the Field for Farm Management

In 2014 (Barbano et al., 2014), we introduced the application of mid-infrared (MIR) for rapid milk fatty acid (FA) analysis and reported positive correlations of bulk tank milk fat test with a higher proportion and concentration of de novo FA in bulk tank milk. The analytical aspects of reference milk FA analysis and model development and validation were reported by Wojciechowski and Barbano (2016) and Woolpert et al. (2016). The form of the fA data from the MIR was structured to provide information on the relative proportions of de novo (C4 to C15), mixed origin (C16:0, C16:1, C17:0), and preformed (C18:0 and longer) FA in milk, the mean FA chain length (carbon number) and degree of unsaturation (double bonds/fatty acid). With experience in the field testing milk from bulk tank milk from individual on farms we found that providing this FA information in units of grams per 100 grams of milk was more useful. Since that time, we have continued to collect data on milk FA variation in bulk tank milk and it’s relationship to feeding and farm management.
ASIC 1-mediated calcium entry stimulates NFATc 3 nuclear translocation via PICK 1 coupling in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells

Gonzalez Bosc LV, Plomaritas DR, Herbert LM, Giermakowska W, Browning C, Jernigan NL. ASIC1-mediated calcium entry stimulates NFATc3 nuclear translocation via PICK1 coupling in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 311: L48–L58, 2016. First published May 17, 2016; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00040. 2016. —The development of chronic hypoxia (CH)-induced pulmonary hypertension is associated with increased pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) Ca influx through acid-sensing ion channel-1 (ASIC1) and activation of the Ca /calcineurin-dependent transcription factor known as nuclear factor of activated T-cells isoform c3 (NFATc3). Whether Ca influx through ASIC1 contributes to NFATc3 activation in the pulmonary vasculature is unknown. Furthermore, both ASIC1 and calcineurin have been shown to interact with the scaffolding protein known as protein interacting with C kinase-1 (PICK1). In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that ASIC1 contributes to NFATc3 nuclear translocation in PASMC in a PICK1-dependent manner. Using both ASIC1 knockout (ASIC1 / ) mice and pharmacological inhibition of ASIC1, we demonstrate that ASIC1 contributes to CH-induced (1 wk at 380 mmHg) and endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced (10 7 M) Ca responses and NFATc3 nuclear import in PASMC. The interaction between ASIC1/PICK1/calcineurin was shown using a Duolink in situ Proximity Ligation Assay. Inhibition of PICK1 by using FSC231 abolished ET-1-induced and ionomycin-induced NFATc3 nuclear import, but it did not alter ET-1-mediated Ca responses, suggesting that PICK1 acts downstream of Ca influx. The key findings of the present work are that 1) Ca influx through ASIC1 mediates CHand ET-1-induced NFATc3 nuclear import and 2) the scaffolding protein PICK1 is necessary for NFATc3 nuclear import. Together, these data provide an essential link between CH-induced ASIC1-mediated Ca influx and activation of the NFATc3 transcription factor. Identification of this ASIC1/PICK1/NFATc3 signaling complex increases our understanding of the mechanisms contributing to the vascular remodeling and increased vascular contractility that are associated with CH-induced pulmonary hypertension.
A Study of the Impact of the Asian Financial Crisis on the Accuracy of Tourist Arrival Forecasts

Abstract The Asian financial crisis has had a significant impact on the tourism industry in the Asia Pacific region. Many published articles have attempted to analyze the causes and effects of this unsettling crisis on a destination's tourism industry in this region. However, there is no published article in the tourism literature that examines the impact of the Asian financial crisis on the quality of visitor arrival forecasts. In view of the importance of accurate forecasting in the context of tourism, this paper makes an attempt to investigate whether time series tourism demand forecasting techniques can accurately predict tourist arrivals from the countries that were affected by the financial crisis. Visitor arrivals in Hong Kong from five countries, four of them seriously affected by the crisis, were used to calibrate and test nine time series forecasting models. Empirical results indicated that the forecasting models performed poorly when predicting tourist arrivals for the crisis-affected countries. In addition, the simple forecasting models outperformed the complicated forecasting models in terms of MAPE accuracy.
Comparison of nonerythroid alpha-spectrin genes reveals strict homology among diverse species

The spectrins are a family of widely distributed filamentous proteins. In association with actin, spectrins form a supporting and organizing scaffold for cell membranes. Using antibodies specific for human brain alpha-spectrin (alpha-fodrin), we have cloned a rat brain alpha-spectrin cDNA from an expression library. Several closely related human clones were also isolated by hybridization. Comparison of sequences of these and other overlapping nonerythroid and erythroid alpha-spectrin genes demonstrated that the nonerythroid genes are strictly conserved across species, while the mammalian erythroid genes have diverged rapidly. Peptide sequences deduced from these cDNAs revealed that the nonerythroid alpha-spectrin chain, like the erythroid spectrin, is composed of multiple 106-amino-acid repeating units, with the characteristic invariant tryptophan as well as other charged and hydrophobic residues in conserved locations. However, the carboxy-terminal sequence varies markedly from this internal repeat pattern and may represent a specialized functional site. The nonerythroid alpha-spectrin gene was mapped to human chromosome 9, in contrast to the erythroid alpha-spectrin gene, which has previously been assigned to a locus on chromosome 1.
Controlled trial of enviroxime against natural rhinovirus infections in a community

The therapeutic effect of intranasally administered enviroxime was tested against naturally occurring common colds. The double-blind evaluation was carried out in Tecumseh, Mich. , during a period when rhinoviruses are usually the principal pathogen. Rhinovirus transmission followed the typical pattern during this period of study. Although there were trends indicating greater therapeutic effectiveness for enviroxime when certain nasal symptoms were considered, there were no consistent statistically significant differences between treated and untreated groups. Results were unchanged when illnesses in different periods or associated with rhinovirus isolation were examined. It was concluded that no therapeutic effect of enviroxime was demonstrated.
Assessing the Impact of Customer Concentration on Initial Public Offering and Balance Sheet–Based Outcomes

Using the notion of customer concentration, the authors argue that firms should evenly spread their revenues across their customers, rather than focusing on a few major customer relationships. Prior literature suggests that major customers improve efficiency and provide access to resources, thereby producing positive performance outcomes. However, building on industrial organizational literature and modern portfolio theory, the authors argue that concentration of revenues reduces the supplier firm's bargaining power relative to its customers and hurts the ability of the supplier firm to appropriate value, which, in turn, hurts profits. Using a sample of 1,023 initial public offerings (IPOs) and robust econometric methods, they find that customer concentration reduces investor uncertainty and positively impacts IPO outcomes, but significantly hurts balance sheet–based outcomes (e.g., profitability). The results suggest that a 10% increase in customer concentration reduces profitability by 3.35% (or about $7 million) in the subsequent year, or 9.4% cumulatively over the next four years (or about $20.32 million). Further, the authors find that the negative effects of customer concentration decrease with increase in organizational (marketing, technological, and operational) capabilities and increase with low customer credit quality.
Mechanisms of error discrimination by Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I.

The mechanism of base selection by DNA polymerase I of Escherichia coli has been investigated by kinetic analysis. The apparent KM for the insertion of the complementary nucleotide dATP into the hook polymer poly(dT)-oligo(dA) was found to be 6-fold lower than that for the noncomplementary nucleotide dGTP, whereas the Vmax for insertion of dATP was 1600-fold higher than that for dGTP. The ratio of Kcat/KM values for complementary and mismatched nucleotides of 10(4) demonstrates the extremely high specificity of base selection by DNA polymerase I and is in agreement with results obtained with a different template-primer, poly(dC)-oligo(dG) [El-Deiry, W. S. , Downey, K. M. , & So, A. G. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81, 7378]. Studies on the effects of phosphate ion on the polymerase and 3'- to 5'-exonuclease activities of DNA polymerase I showed that, whereas the polymerase activity was somewhat stimulated by phosphate, the exonuclease activity was markedly inhibited, being 50% inhibited at 25 mM phosphate and greater than 90% inhibited at 80 mM phosphate. Selective inhibition of the exonuclease activity by phosphate also resulted in inhibition of template-dependent conversion of a noncomplementary dNTP to dNMP and, consequently, markedly affected the kinetic constants for insertion of noncomplementary nucleotides. The mutagenic metal ion Mn2+ was found to affect error discrimination by both the polymerase and 3'- and 5'-exonuclease activities of DNA polymerase I. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)