Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ON THE DEGREES OF MATRIX COEFFICIENTS OF INTERTWINING OPERATORS

Let G be a reductive algebraic group defined over a p-adic field F with residue field Fq and G = G(F ). Fix a special maximal compact subgroup K0 of G. For a maximal parabolic subgroup P = MU of G and a smooth irreducible representation π of M = M(F ) we consider the family of induced representations IP (π, s), s ∈ C, which extend the fixed K0-representation I K0 P∩K0(π|M∩K0), and the associated intertwining operators M(s) = MP |P (π, s) : IP (π, s)→ IP (π, s). For any open subgroup K of K0 the restriction M(s) : I0 P∩K0(π|M∩K0) K = IP (π, s) K → IP (π, s) = I K0 P∩K0 (π|M∩K0) of M(s) to the space of K-fixed vectors is a family of linear maps between finite-dimensional vector spaces which do not depend on s. It is well known that the matrix coefficients of the linear operators M(s) are rational functions of q−s, whose denominators can be controlled explicitly (e.g. [23, IV.1.1, IV.1.2]). In particular, their degrees are bounded independently of K and π. What can be said about the degrees of the numerators? In this note, we study the following conjecture, which should provide a bound of the correct order of magnitude. Let G′ be the derived group of G and set G′ = G′(F ). Note that K ′ 0 = K0 ∩ G′ is a special maximal compact subgroup of G′.
Environmental toxicity analysis and reduction of ceramsite synthesis from industrial coal gasification coarse cinder waste

Coal gasification coarse cinder (CGCC) is the main waste in the coal gasification industry, containing low calorific value but high heavy metal residuals. To achieve environmental toxicity stabilization and waste recycling, we developed a manufacturing method of multiple-functional ceramsite from CGCC by pelletizing and sintering. By altering key parameters during the manufacturing process (including CGCC content, sintering temperature, and time), the physical properties and leaching toxicity of ceramsite were evaluated. Sintering temperature was identified with a significantly positive relationship with ceramsite’s compressive strength, whereas CGCC content was negatively correlated with water adsorption. The highest compressive strength (24.00 MPa) and relatively lower water absorption (21.36%) was achieved at 50% CGCC content and 1,150oC sintering for 30 min. The toxicity tests showed acceptable leaching heavy metals with minimal environmental impact. Considering the energy conservation and the maximal recycling of CGCC, optimal ceramsite manufacturing is suggested as 50% CGCC content and 1,150oC/10 min sintering temperature/time. Our results indicated that multiple-functional ceramsite manufacturing is a low-cost and environmentally friendly approach for CGCC recycling.
Balearic Islands vs Algeria: two nearby western Mediterranean elasmobranch assemblages with different oceanographic scenarios and fishing histories

SUMMARY: In this paper we compare the elasmobranch composition, depth-related trends of species and community descriptors (abundance, biomass, mean fish weight, species richness and diversity) of the Balearic Islands Archipelago and Algeria (north- and southwestern Mediterranean, respectively). The samples used in this study were collected in bottom trawl surveys between 36 and 779 m depth. Generalized linear models, linear regression, cluster and similarity percentage analyses, and generalized additive models were used to compare the two areas. Twenty-nine elasmobranch species were caught, 12 of them common to both areas, 7 appearing only in the Balearic Islands, and 10 only in Algeria. The bathymetric distributions of species were, in most cases, best fitted to uni-modal response curves. The models for species common to both areas showed similar bathymetric trends, except for Etmopterus spinax, which in Algeria showed a maximum abundance located 154 m shallower than in the Balearic Islands. Four bathymetric assemblages were identified in both areas with similar depth ranges but with different species composition. The mean values of the community descriptors were higher on the shelf in the Balearic Islands, whereas higher values were detected on the slope in Algeria. Different between-area bathymetric trends for all the descriptors were detected, with the exception of mean fish weight. The distinct environmental scenarios and fishing histories of the areas studied are discussed as underlying traits influencing the elasmobranch populations.
Tax Practitioner Credentials and the Incidence of IRS Audit Adjustments

This study analyzes a random selection of Internal Revenue Service (IRS) office audits from October 1997 to July 1998, the type of audit that concerns most taxpayers. Taxpayers engage paid preparers in order to avoid this type of audit and to avoid any resulting tax adjustments. The study examines whether there are more audit adjustments and penalty assessments on tax returns with paid‐preparer assistance than on tax returns without paid‐preparer assistance. By comparing the frequency of adjustments on IRS office audits, the study finds that there are significantly fewer tax adjustments on paid‐preparer returns than on self‐prepared returns. Moreover, CPA‐prepared returns resulted in fewer audit adjustments than non CPA‐prepared returns.
Designing real-world laboratories for the reduction of residential energy use: Articulating theories of change

Real-world laboratories (RwLs) hold potential for transdisciplinary research that considers the context of changing households’ energy practices. Taking into account stakeholders’ understandings of what would work where, how and why helps to recognize the contextual conditions for the transferability of RwL results. Reducing residential energy use and carbon dioxide emissions is a policy concern across Europe. One of the approaches to address this problem, real-world laboratories (RwLs), has recently gained prominence as a means to generate both sustainability change and social knowledge. Yet RwLs are context-bound, and transferability is an issue for scaling up change. Drawing on Realistic Evaluation (RE) and Theories of Change (ToC), this paper analyses researchers’ and practitioners’ views on the role of contexts and change mechanisms in the outcomes of interventions targeting residential energy use. The results show that extracting the underlying logic of RwL designs could help to identify where and when these designs are likely to be transferrable. This contribution has implications for the design of future RwLs, given that RwLs have until now rarely articulated their ToC.
Impacts of Land Certification on Tenure Security, Investment, and Land Market Participation: Evidence from Ethiopia

While early attempts at land titling in Africa were often unsuccessful, factors such as new legislation, low-cost methods, and increasing demand for land have generated renewed interest. A four-period panel allows use of a pipeline and difference-indifferences approach to assess impacts of land registration in Ethiopia. We find that the program increased tenure security, land-related investment, and rental market participation and yielded benefits significantly above the cost of implementation. (JEL O13, Q15)
Critique and review of leader–member exchange theory: Issues of agreement, consensus, and excellence

The relationship quality that develops between leaders and those designated as followers is of longstanding interest to researchers and practitioners. The purpose of the present article is to review the more recent developments in the field of leader–member exchange (LMX) theory to identify specific issues related to leader–member agreement and follower consensus that have potentially important theoretical and practical implications. We introduce the concept of LMX excellence, which involves high-quality LMX, high leader–member agreement as well as high group consensus in LMX quality. We outline how leaders and followers' behaviour as well as context can enhance or hinder the development of LMX excellence and conclude with an overview of the practical and theoretical implications as well as future research needs.
Ownership Structure , Cash Constraints and Investment Behaviour in Russian Firms

In this paper, using a large representative panel dataset of 8,637 large firms in the European part of Russia and their balance sheet information over the period 2000-2004, we investigate the extent to which Russian firms are liquidity constrained in their investment behaviour and how ownership structure changes the relationship between internal funds and the investment decisions of these firms. We estimate a structural financial accelerator model of investment and first test the hypothesis that Russian firms are cash constrained by conducting random-effects estimation. Our results confirm that firms are liquidity constrained when the ownership structure is not included in the econometric specifications. With regards to the ownership structure and the degree of ownership concentration, we find that state-owned companies, companies owned by private individuals/families and financial companies are less cash constrained, independently of whether their ownership structure is concentrated. No significant impact is found for banks and institutions. (a) Dipartimento di Economia e Istituzioni, Universita’ di Roma Tor Vergata (at the time of writing the paper). (b) School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College, London (at the time of writing the paper). (c) Corresponding author: yrodionova@dmu.ac. uk. Department of Accounting and Finance, Leicester Business School, De Montfort University. * We are grateful to the participants in the AFE 2011 conference on Samos Island, Greece, the 10th EACES Conference in Moscow, the CICM 2009 conference at London Metropolitan University, BAFA 2012 conference in Brighton, the departmental research seminar as well as the 1 CROG conference at Leicester Business School at DMU, and to Ismail Adelopo, Phil Almond, Panagiotis Andrikopoulos, Ashley Carreras, Anthony Ferner, Tomila Lankina, Fred Mear, Tomek Mickiewisz, Alexander Muravyev, and especially to Pasquale Scaramozzino for helpful comments and suggestions on the previous versions. The usual caveat applies.
Agricultural Productivity and Macro-Economic Variable Fluctuation in Nigeria

The study established the empirical relationship between value of agricultural GDP as the ratio of total GDP (proxy as agricultural productivity) and some key macroeconomic variables in Nigeria. Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test and improved ADF-GLS unit root test conducted on the specified time series showed that all series were integrated of order one. The short-run and long-run elasticity of the agricultural productivity with respect to some key macro-economic variables were determined using the techniques of co-integration and error correction models. The empirical results revealed that in the short and long run periods, the coefficients of real total exports, external reserves, inflation rate and external debt have significant negative relationship with the agricultural productivity in the country; whereas industry’s capacity utilization rate and nominal exchange rate have positive association with agricultural productivity in both periods. However, per capita real GDP influence on the agricultural productivity was positive and significant only in the ECM model. The empirical results were further substantiated by the variance decomposition and impulse response analysis of the dependent variable with respect to changes in the explanatory variables. Results obtained were in line with economic theory. The findings call for appropriate short and long term economic policy packages that should stimulate investment opportunities in the agricultural sector so as to increase agricultural component in the country’s total export. Appropriate policy package to stabilize inflation rate in the country should be implemented. Also incentives should be given to the industrial sector to boast production in order to increase capacity utilization and promote backward integration policy of the sector. Diversification of the country’s economy and a drastic reduction in external debt would boost agricultural productivity in the country.
Spurs in a Spur: Perianth Evolution in the Delphinieae (Ranunculaceae)

Delphinieae (Ranunculaceae) comprise ∼650 species of temperate herbs in Eurasia, North America, and Africa. Their zygomorphic flowers have been the object of numerous studies in morphology, ecology, and developmental genetics, and new phylogenetic insights make it timely to synthesize knowledge about their evolution. Key features of Delphinieae flowers are unusual nectaries consisting of paired organs of the inner perianth whorl that are completely enclosed by a single dorsal organ of the outer whorl. We investigated the floral development of five annual, unicarpellate species of Delphinium, focusing on perianth organization. The results show that the nectar-storing organ in these species results from the postgenital fusion of two primordia of the internal perianth whorl. Eleven floral traits traced on a phylogeny of Delphinieae reveal only two homoplasies in the perianth, namely, the nightcap shape of the dorsal organ of the external perianth whorl and the reduction of the internal perianth whorl to two organs, traits that each evolved once in Aconitum and once in Delphinium. The length of the inner spur(s), the type of pollinator (bees, hummingbirds, hawkmoths), and species altitudinal ranges are unrelated, but most species are exclusively bumblebee adapted, and bee tongue lengths may match the internal nectar spur lengths. The paired inner spurs present in most Delphinieae require a back-and-forth movement of the tongue while the pollinator is inside the flower or hovering close to it. A new evolutionary scenario reconciles the diversity of perianth organization in Delphinieae with the tribe’s conserved pollination mechanism.
PapierPapier n ° 2008-01 A Behavioural Approach To Financial Puzzles

Many financial puzzles have been solved, at least partially, by the introduction of alternative assumptions on the behaviour of investors. Cumulative prospect theory and mental accounting are two such approaches which are used in this paper to analyze some of the most important financial puzzles. We first focus our attention on anomalies (or considered as such in the standard expected utility model) at the individual level, for example the disposition effect or the low diversification puzzle. We then address two aggregate puzzles, namely the equity premium puzzle and the return predictability puzzle. We show how recent behavioral models allow to explain these anomalies in a very natural way. INTRODUCTION About ten years ago, Richard Thaler started a chronicle in the Journal of Economic Perspectives entitled “Anomalies”. Several authors contributed to this series of papers and presented a number of phenomena that are not easily explainable in the standard framework of the Expected Utility Theory. Behavioural finance is a rapidly growing strand of research whose roots can be found in the numerous anomalies put to light, either in the observed behaviour of investors, or in the dynamics of market prices. Beyond the empirical evidence, new theoretical models have developed to take into account the behavioural biases of investors and to analyse their consequences on prices. As for every “young” theory, models are burgeoning in the literature and, at the moment, nobody can predict the future of all these contributions. However, it seems that some of them are becoming « standard ». It is the case for cumulative prospect theory, even if many 1 As more than one hundred references are quoted in the text, we do not provide the precise references in this introduction
Theorizing the Implications of Gender Order for Sustainable Forest Management

Sustainable forest management is intended to draw attention to social, economic, and ecological dimensions. The social dimension, in particular, is intended to advance the effectiveness of institutions in accurately reflecting social values. Research demonstrates that while women bring distinctive interests and values to forest management issues, their nominal and effective participation is restricted by a gender order that marginalizes their interests and potential contributions. The purpose of this paper is to explain how gender order affects the attainment of sustainable forest management. We develop a theoretical discussion to explain how women's involvement in three different models for engagement—expert-based, stakeholder-based, and civic engagement—might be advanced or constrained. By conducting a meta-analysis of previous research conducted in Canada and internationally, we show how, in all three models, both nominal and effective participation of women is constrained by several factors including rules of entry, divisions of labour, social norms and perceptions and rules of practice, personal endowments and attributes, as well as organizational cultures. Regardless of the model for engagement, these factors are part of a masculine gender order that prevails in forestry and restricts opportunities for inclusive and sustainable forest management.
Unpacking Adaptation: The Female Inheritance Movement in Hong Kong

In 1994, after a year of intense activism by indigenous women and their urban supporters, indigenous women in the New Territories of Hong Kong were legally allowed to inherit land for the first time. In pushing for legislative change, the female inheritance movement adopted key ideas? gender equality, human rights and a critique of patriarchy - from a global vocabulary of feminism and human rights. This paper examines this rights frame to understand how, if at all, activists modified international conceptions of discrimination and rights to fit Hong Kong. Overall, the ideology was not fundamentally altered or adapted, but indigenized by local activists through the use of local symbols. More deep rooted change was not necessary for two reasons: First, in the pre-handover moment, rights arguments derived their political currency from their association with an international community. In addition, critical movement participants, here termed translators, helped encompass the indigenous women's individual kinship grievances within a broader movement based on rights.
Effects of ephemeropterans and shrimps on periphyton and sediments in a coastal stream (Atlantic forest, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

Abstract We investigated the importance of shrimps (Atyidae and Palaemonidae) and ephemeropterans (Baetidae) in the removal of periphyton and sediments in a Neotropical stream. The experimental site was open with homogeneous bedrock, shallow depth (8–15 cm), and intermediate water current velocity (0.2–0.3 m/s). We used 2 intensities of electrical current to exclude both shrimps and ephemeropterans (high-intensity treatment) or only shrimps (low-intensity treatment) from fixed areas (180 × 30 cm) of bedrock. When both ephemeropterans and shrimps were excluded in 2 experiments, matter accumulated on the bedrock to 5 and 20× the level in controls; when only shrimps were excluded, no accumulation was observed. Chlorophyll a increased significantly in the high-intensity exclusion, but most of the accumulation was fine organic and inorganic matter. In experiment 1, benthic matter and chlorophyll a decreased by an order of magnitude in areas in which ephemeropterans increased ∼40×. The increase in ephemeropterans was associated with a reduction in shrimp activity. In experiment 2, no increase in ephemeropterans was observed. Palaemonid shrimps (Macrobrachium olfersi) were more common than atyid shrimps (Potimirim glabra) in the study area. Therefore, we assumed that Macrobrachium, rather than Potimirim, interacted negatively with ephemeropterans and that Macrobrachium did not remove periphyton. We concluded that baetid ephemeropterans (particularly Americabaetis sp.) were the most important grazers and removers of benthic matter in this system.
Forestry and horticulture as pathways of plant invasions: a database of alien woody plants in the Czech Republic.

Recent checklists, overviews and databases of alien floras for European countries do not pay special attention to woody plants. The majority of the checklists cover only taxa that occur in the wild. Woody plants are suitable subjects of studies on plant invasions because detailed records of introduction for forestry and horticultural purposes are available. This paper provides information on the database of alien woody species in the Czech Republic. Trees, shrubs and woody vines with mean height exceeding 0.5 m are included. In total, 126 characteristics covering taxonomy, geography, invasion, history of planting, biology and ecology, horticulture, and use were collected for each species. Although some characteristics in the database are specific for the Czech Republic, most information is applicable to the whole of Central Europe and potentially also to other temperate climate regions. The basic information on the structure of cultivated woody plants is presented.
Do alcohol pricing and availability policies have differential effects on sub-populations? A commentary

Giesbrecht, N. , Wettlaufer, A. , Cukier, S. , Geddie, G. , Goncalves, A. , & Reisdorfer, E. (2016). Do alcohol pricing and availability policies have differential effects on sub-populations? A commentary. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 5 (3), 89-99. doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.7895/ijadr.v5i3. 227 Aims: Numerous policies have been shown to reduce the harm from alcohol; however, not all sub-populations respond similarly to policy interventions. This paper explores the specific effects of alcohol pricing policies and controls regarding physical availability on different types of harms from alcohol as well as on different sectors of the population, including impacts by gender, age, and drinking patterns. Design, Setting, Participants, and Measures: We focus on two dimensions. The first is alcohol pricing and taxation; the second is alcohol availability, comprising type of alcohol control system, outlet density, and hours/days of sale. We focused on peer-reviewed research and reviews published from 2005–2015, using several databases: PsycINFO, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Cochrane. Findings: Precautionary alcohol prices have substantial harm reduction potential, particularly among youth and high-risk drinkers. Restrictions on outlet densities and hours/days of sale impact the drinking patterns of underage youth, reduce high-risk drinking, and reduce alcohol-related harm. A reduction in prices or an increase in alcohol availability are associated with increase in high-risk drinking or alcohol-related harm. Conclusions: Future work should examine these policy measures in light of socioeconomic status and cultural factors, as well as impacts of policy interventions on evidence of harm to others from alcohol.