Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The determinants of purchase intention of consumers towards counterfeit shoes in Pakistan

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to understand the factors that inﬂuence attitude and purchase intention of the consumers towards buying counterfeits especially the counterfeit shoes. Particularly we are interested in the factors; attitude, value consciousness, social status, low price, easy access and previous experience. Design/Methodology/Approach- Total 180 participants out of 200 completed the questionnaire that contained two sections. Section I contained 5 questions for data collection regarding demographics of the participants, Section II contained 24 different statements related to purchase intention, attitude towards buying counterfeit shoes, value consciousness, low price, social status and past experience. The data was analyzed using linear regression. Findings - Low Price, Easy Access and Past Experience have a Positive significant relationship with Attitude towards Buying Counterfeit Shoes, while Value Consciousness (negative) and Social Status found an insignificant relationship with Attitude towards Buying Counterfeit Shoes. Attitude towards Buying Counterfeit Shoes explains a considerable percentage of the variance of intention to purchase counterfeits Shoes. Low Price and Past Experience found a positive significant relation with Purchase intention while Easy Access found (negative) an insignificant relation with purchase intention. Research Limitations - A more appropriate and effective method will be the data collection from the individuals doing shopping in the shopping malls and other shoes shops. Ethical and moral values influenced by culture, nationality and other such factors may be included. Future research should examine attitude and purchase intention of consumers in regards of T-shirt, Dress Shirts and Jeans. Originality/Value - A specific high usage consumer item, one of the basic needs of people; studied as opposed to previous studies only examining Counterfeit Mobile phones.
Water consumption of the estevia (Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni) crop estimated through microlysimeter

The knowledge of water requirement of crops in the different growing phases elicits higher crop yield and rational use of water resource. The aim of this work was to estimate the water consumption of stevia using two constant watertable microlysimeters. The research was conducted in San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy. The data were collected daily from June, 1st, to October, 22th, 2000. Reference evapotranspiration was determined by the Penman-Monteith-FAO method, in the same period. Microlysimeters watertables level were maintained at the 35 cm depth. Crop evapotranspiration for the total cicle (80 days) was 464 mm. For the most water consuming phase, crop average evapotranspiration was 5.44 mm day-1. The crop coefficient values were 1.45 for the first 25 days, 1.14 for the next period (26 to 50 days), and 1.16 for the latest period (51 to 80 days). The stevia leaf yield of the microlysimeters was 4.369 kg ha-1 and their steviosideo content 6.49%.
Capital Structure over the Business Cycle

Why are aggregate equity payouts and debt issued positively correlated over the business cycle in U.S. data? Standard real business cycle (RBC) models have few predictions about capital structure, because they assume that financial markets are frictionless. On the other hand, the tradeoff theory of capital structure argues that financial frictions determine firms' optimal mix of debt and equity financing. We develop an RBC model with financial frictions and use it to explain some stylized facts about aggregate U.S. debt and equity flows. We document that debt issued and equity payouts are (i) positively correlated with output, (ii) positively correlated with investment, and (iii) positively correlated with each other. Our model can account for these stylized facts. We also calibrate the model to the periods 1952 - 1983 and 1984 - 2007 in order to explain the finding that real variables have become less volatile in the later subperiod, while financial variables have become more volatile. By varying both the scale of technology shocks and the degree of financial frictions, we are able to account for both results.
Inheritance and Association of Quantitative Traits in Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana Subsp. Coracana) Landraces Collected from Eastern and South Eastern Africa

One hundred forty four finger millet landraces were collected from different regions of Ethiopia and some introduced from Eastern and south Eastern African (Kenya, Eritrea, Zambia and Zimbabwe) were planted with six improved varieties in RCBD design at Gute and Arsi Negele during 2011 cropping season to assess variability, heritability, genetic advance and association of quantitative traits. The analysis of variance indicated that the mean square due to location and genotype were highly significant (P#0.01) for all quantitative traits except ear weight for the latter case. Phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the corresponding genotypic and genotype by environment coefficient of variations for all traits. This implies, beside the genetic factors, environmental factors have high contributions for the variations observed. The higher heritability coupled with higher genetic advance noted for ear weight (71.14%), lodging index (53.49), finger length (41.94%), thousand grain weights (28.88) and grain yield per plant (26.34) indicated that the ease of phenotype based selection for the improvement of those traits. About 68.4% of the total traits association showed positive correlation. As obtained from path coefficient analysis, the higher and positive direct effect of productive tiller per plant (0.356) and thousand grain weight (0.285) and the positive direct effect of finger length, finger number, ear weight, number of grain per spikelet and culm diameter on grain yield indicated that any genetic improvement on those traits has positive contribution to improve productivity of finger millet.
The malleability of forgiveness

In the last decade, the concept of forgiveness has received increasing theoretical and empirical attention in both social, clinical, and developmental psychology. Forgiveness is generally conceptualized as an intentional act by which people seek to overcome their revengeful feelings and their inclination to avoid an offender. In our lecture and chapter we will suggest that, despite the idea that forgiveness is determined by deliberative and intentional processes, one’s level of forgiveness is at least partly influenced by situational factors, and it may often be affected by unconscious processes. To support this idea, we will review recent research findings demonstrating that (a) over time, level of forgiveness regarding a past offense fluctuates considerably, and that (b) subtle priming techniques can trigger people’s willingness to forgive their offenders. For example, it has been demonstrated that increased accessibility of prosocial values (i.e., helpfulness, social justice) facilitates forgiveness, as do closeness primes, power primes, and subtle manipulations of increased subjective temporal distance from the offense. Contrary to the notion of forgiveness as a purely intentional and deliberative process, such findings suggest that forgiveness is relatively malleable and that, over time, implicit situational cues may help people to overcome their resentment toward an offender. Implications regarding conceptualizations of forgiveness, as well as possible practical, therapeutic, and societal implications will be discussed.
Cuspidal cohomology of stacks of shtukas

Let $G$ be a connected split reductive group over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_{q}$ and $X$ a smooth projective geometrically connected curve over $\mathbb{F}_{q}$. The $\ell$-adic cohomology of stacks of $G$-shtukas is a generalization of the space of automorphic forms with compact support over the function field of $X$. In this paper, we construct a constant term morphism on the cohomology of stacks of shtukas which is a generalization of the constant term morphism for automorphic forms. We also define the cuspidal cohomology which generalizes the space of cuspidal automorphic forms. Then we show that the cuspidal cohomology has finite dimension and that it is equal to the (rationally) Hecke-finite cohomology defined by V. Lafforgue.
An Investigation of the Pathology Associated with Mass Mortality Events in the Cultured Japanese Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata martensii at Four Farms in Western Japan

Abstract The epidemiological and histopathological characteristics of the mass mortality of cultured Japanese pearl oysters Pinctada fucata martensii were investigated. Rearing experiments with Japanese pearl oysters in farms revealed that the mass mortality occurs as a regular annual event in particular farms in western Japan. Diseased oysters had marked atrophy and red-brown discoloration of the soft parts of the body. Light microscopy revealed that the epithelia of the stomach, the ducts of the digestive diverticula (DD), and the DD themselves showed marked blebbing and necrosis to varying degrees during earlier stages of the disease. At advanced stages, muscle fibers of the adductor muscle, heart, mantle, and other parts of the body and the connective tissues of various organs involving the vascular system also exhibited considerable atrophy and necrosis. There were no remarkable changes in the branchial and pallial epithelia. No viral, bacterial, mycotic, or parasitic causative organisms were found i.
How Does Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Improve Students’ Mathematics Cognitive Achievement?

Some previous research has reported the effectiveness of RME in improving students’ problem solving ability and cognitive achievement. This quasi experimental research, therefore, aimed to investigate the difference in students’ mathematics cognitive achievement after implementing RME and conventional learning. The controlled treatment consisted of mathematics learning with RME equipped with snake and ladder board game and conventional learning. Developed instrument measuring students’ cognitive achievement was validated by some experts prior to the research. The results of the t-test confirmed the difference in students’ cognitive achievement both of the experimental and control group. The students who were taught with RME achieved better than the students who were involved in conventional learning. This research finding has suggested that it is important for teachers to empower students’ intellectual ability through RME and games in order that meaningful and contextual learning can be generated. It is recommended that future research will further explore the effectiveness of RME on students’ cognitive achievement.
Segmentation of the tourism market using the impact of tourism on quality of life

A qualidade de vida (QV) tornou-se uma questao central na vida das pessoas e a pesquisa sobre este assunto aumentou consideravelmente nas ultimas decadas. No entanto, alguns dos estudos que tem sido realizados sobre QV adotaram apenas indicadores objetivos e a pesquisa sobre QV e ainda muito escassa em algumas areas de estudo, como por exemplo no turismo. Alem disso, a maioria dos estudos que tem sido realizados no turismo sobre QV focam-se na avaliacao da qualidade de vida dos residentes de destinos e negligenciam a segmentacao baseada na QV como uma ferramenta para segmentacao de mercado. O objetivo deste estudo e colmatar algumas das limitacoes anteriormente referidas e, especificamente: (i) medir a percecao dos visitantes do impacte do turismo na sua QV atraves da adocao de indicadores subjetivos; e (ii) segmentar os visitantes com base nas percecoes do impacte do turismo na sua QV. Os resultados do estudo revelam que o turismo e suscetivel de ter um impacte mais positivo sobre os dominios psicologico e social da QV e que a QV e uma boa base para a segmentacao do mercado turistico. Os visitantes que percecionam mais impactes positivos do turismo na sua QV diferem dos restantes visitantes em diversas caracteristicas, tais como motivacoes para viajar, composicao do grupo de viagem, interacao com os residentes locais e satisfacao com a viagem.
The Relationship Between Morphological Knowledge and The Breadth of Vocabulary Knowledge Among Moroccan EFL University Students

The present study investigates the relationship between derivational morphemes and breadth of vocabulary knowledge. The participants consist of 130 university students. So as to determine this relationship a two- section test is used: the X-Lex Vocabulary Size Test and Derivational Morphemes Test. The main findings of this study empirically indicate that the overall size of the student’s vocabulary knowledge is approximately 4014 word-families. As for the second section of the test, the findings showed that the majority of students revealed a definite knowledge in using these 22 derivations. The correlation tests proposed that there is a positive significant relationship between the two variables. Additionally, the result indicated a positive impact of gender on both components of vocabulary knowledge. This research has been concluded by suggesting some pedagogical solutions on different parts and stressed further research guidelines.
CoMaLit – II. The scaling relation between mass and Sunyaev–Zel'dovich signal for Planck selected galaxy clusters

MS thanks Stefano Andreon for highlighting discussions. LM and MS acknowledge financial contributions from contracts ASI/INAF n.I/023/12/0 ‘Attivita relative alla fase B2/C per la missione Euclid’, PRIN MIUR 2010-2011 ‘The dark Universe and the cosmic evolution of baryons: from current surveys to Euclid’, and PRIN INAF 2012 ‘The Universe in the box: multiscale simulations of cosmic structure’. SE acknowledges the financial contribution from contracts ASI-INAF I/009/10/0 and PRIN-INAF 2012 ‘A unique data set to address the most compelling open questions about X-Ray Galaxy Clusters’.
Effects of ocean acidification on overwintering juvenile Arctic pteropods Limacina helicina

Pteropods are planktonic mollusks that play an important role in the food web of var- ious ecosystems, particularly at high latitudes. Because they produce an aragonitic shell, ptero - pods are expected to be very sensitive to ocean acidification driven by anthropogenic CO2 emis- sions. The effect of ocean acidification was investigated using juveniles of the Arctic pteropod Limacina helicina from the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean. The animals were maintained in 3 controlled pH conditions (total scale pH (pHT) 8.05, 7.90 or 7.75) for 8 d, and their mortality and the linear extension of their shell were monitored. The pH did not impact the mortality rate, but the linear extension of the shell decreased as a function of declining pH. Surprisingly, the ptero - pods were still able to extend their shell at an aragonite saturation state as low as 0.6. Neverthe- less, dissolution marks were visible on the whole shell, indicating that calcium carbonate dissolu- tion had also occurred, casting doubts on the ability of the pteropods to maintain a positive balance between precipitation and dissolution of calcium carbonate under corrosive conditions.
Precipitation recycling variability and ecoclimatological stability - A study using NARR data. Pa

This work studies precipitation recycling as part of the dynamic North American monsoon system (NAMS) to understand how moisture and energy fluxes modulate recycling variability at the daily-tointraseasonal time scale. A set of land–atmosphere variables derived from North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) data are used to represent the hydroclimatology of the monsoon. The recycling ratio is estimated using the Dynamic Recycling Model, which provides recycling estimates at the daily time scales. Multichannel singular spectrum analysis (M-SSA) is used to extract trends in the data while at the same time selecting only the variability common to all of the variables. The 1985–2006 climatological analysis of NAMS precipitation recycling reveals a positive feedback mechanism between monsoon precipitation and subsequent increase in precipitation of recycled origin. Recycling ratios during the monsoon are consistently above 15% and can be as high as 25%. While monsoon precipitation and evapotranspiration are predominantly located in the seasonally dry tropical forests in the southwestern part of the domain, recycling is enhanced northeast of this region, indicating a relocation of soil moisture farther inland to drier regions in the northeast. The three years with the longest monsoons in the 22-yr period present an asynchronous pattern between precipitation and recycling ratio. The longest monsoons have a characteristic double peak in precipitation, with enhanced recycling ratios during the intermediate dry period. This indicates that, even when large-scale moisture advection decreases, evapotranspiration provides moisture to the overlying atmosphere, contributing to precipitation. Through the negative feedback present during long monsoons and by relocation of soil moisture, precipitation recycling brings favorable conditions for vegetation sustenance in the NAMS region.
Validation of routine continuous airborne CO2 observations near the Bialystok Tall Tower

Abstract. Since 2002 in situ airborne measurements of atmospheric CO2 mixing ratios have been performed regularly aboard a rental aircraft near Bialystok (53°08´ N, 23°09´ E), a city in northeastern Poland. Since August 2008, the in situ CO2 measurements have been made by a modified commercially available and fully automated non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) analyzer system. The response of the analyzer has been characterized and the CO2 mixing ratio stability of the associated calibration system has been fully tested, which results in an optimal calibration strategy and allows for an accuracy of the CO2 measurements within 0.2 ppm. Besides the in situ measurements, air samples have been collected in glass flasks and analyzed in the laboratory for CO2 and other trace gases. To validate the in situ CO2 measurements against reliable discrete flask measurements, we developed weighting functions that mimic the temporal averaging of the flask sampling process. Comparisons between in situ and flask CO2 measurements demonstrate that these weighting functions can compensate for atmospheric variability, and provide an effective method for validating airborne in situ CO2 measurements. In addition, we show the nine-year records of flask CO2 measurements. The new system, automated since August 2008, has eliminated the need for manual in-flight calibrations, and thus enables an additional vertical profile, 20 km away, to be sampled at no additional cost in terms of flight hours. This sampling strategy provides an opportunity to investigate both temporal and spatial variability on a regular basis.
Innovation and Social Capital in the Small-Medium Enterprises: a case of bamboo handicraft in Indonesia

This paper aims to seek what type of innovation and to estimate the impact of social capital on the innovation in the small-medium enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. The data used in this paper was collected from May to June 2008 in several clusters of bamboo handicraft producers in the district of Sleman, Yogyakarta Special Province. The research found that more than half of respondents are innovative producers. Innovation of product and organizational are the important types of innovation in the bamboo handicraft. Social capital, measured by an index of trust significantly influences the innovation index. Other important variables that influence the index of innovation are location, sex, and education. However, in the logistic regression, only education that significantlly explain the probability of innovation.
Bacterial abundance and production and heterotrophic nanoflagellate abundance in subarctic coastal waters (Western North Pacific Ocean)

We studied the temporal variations of bacterial abundance and production in subarctic Funka Bay (Hokkaido, Japan) for a 1 yr period, and related this data to chlorophyll a (chl a) concen- tration (highest conc. = 5.9 µg l -1 ), particulate organic carbon (POC) concentration (ranging from 60 to 360 µg C l -1 ), heterotrophic nanoflagellate (HNF) abundance ( 1 µm fraction) contributed more than half the total bacterial production (mean ± 95% CL = 54 ± 12%). Bacterial abundance was relatively stable throughout the year (coefficient of variation, CV = 20%) even though the CV for bac- terial production was high (CV = 100%). Grazing (top-down) is an important control mechanism in Funka Bay, and HNF seemed to be directly cropping bacterial production. Annual bacterial produc- tion was estimated at 140 g C m -2 yr -1 , and was relatively high compared to the annual primary pro- duction (100 to 170 g C m -2 yr -1 ), indicating the importance of the microbial loop in Funka Bay. After bacterial respiration loss was accounted for, bacterial carbon demand was higher than primary pro- duction. The inflow of Tsugaru warm water, a branch of the Kuroshio Current brought organic mat- ter, but the concentration of POC and the timing of the inflow suggested that this organic matter addi- tion was insignificant, and we concluded that other sources, including riverine input, are more important sources of organic matter.
Investigation on the effect of known potent S. aureus NorA efflux pump inhibitors on the staphylococcal biofilm formation

The emergence of multidrug resistant microorganisms has triggered the impending need of developing effective antibacterial strategies. Staphylococcus epidermidis and the more virulent S. aureus are able to colonize and form biofilms on implanted medical devices causing clinical acute and chronic infections. The aim of the present work was to assess the effect of NorA efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) on S. aureus and S. epidermidis biofilm formation by using known synthetic NorA EPIs and thus giving support to the hypothesis that efflux pumps could play an intriguing role in Staphylococcus biofilm formation. In particular, three 2-phenylquinolines (1a–c) and a pyrazolobenzothiazine (2), our previously reported NorA EPIs, at concentrations lower than MIC showed a good ability in reducing biofilm formation in S. aureus (ATCC 29213) and S. epidermidis (ATCC 35984). Then, to assess if biofilm formation inhibitors could be combined with an antibacterial to limit biofilm production, the two best compounds 1c and 2 were tested with ciprofloxacin (CPX) and the results showed an excellent synergistic effect against Staphylococcus strains with a biofilm formation inhibition over 60% at low concentrations. Further, to confirm the involvement of the NorA efflux pump in the biofilm production, NorA EPIs 1c and 2 were tested against a modified S. aureus strain overexpressing the NorA efflux pump (SA-1199B) and results highlighted a strong decrease in biofilm mass. In conclusion, cytotoxicity assays on HeLa and HepG2 cells showed that concentrations useful to inhibit biofilm formation in Staphylococcus strains in combination with CPX were lower than the toxic concentrations for human cells.
IMPACT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SPORT ON SENIORS’ COGNITIVE FUNCTION

The presented study examined the relationship between the physical activity of seniors and level of cognitive functions. The sample consisted of 33 well-adjusted older adults (on average 68 years old), recruited from several physical activity programs. The participants performed five cognitive tests selected from the Vienna test system battery. Subsequently, the relationship of their age and the measures of cognitive function was analyzed. It was found that the age of respondents was related only to their performance in complex tasks which included a processing speed component. The participant’s performance in simple tasks and in measures unaffected by processing speed was unrelated to age. Results are consistent with the processing speed theory of adult age differences in cognition (Salthouse, 1996). Furthermore, the performance in complex cognitive tasks was influenced by the level of participation in leisure physical activities; this suggests that physically active lifestyle may limit the impact of age on cognitive function.