Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection and distribution of Ophelimus migdanorum and its possible biocontroller Closterocerus chamaeleon in productive areas of Eucalyptus globulus in Chile

Wasps that belong to the genus Ophelimus develop galls on Eucalyptus spp. , and E. globulus is considered among the most susceptible species. In 2003, a new species of Ophelimus was detected in Chile. This species forms galls on E. globulus and E. camaldulensis, and it was recently considered as Ophelimus migdanorum nov sp. The present study was carried out 16 yr after its detection and it was aimed to determine the presence of Ophelimus in plantations of E. globulus located in Maule, Biobío and La Araucanía Regions, which represent 76% of the area covered with this species in the country. Between August and September 2017, a total of 165 sampling forest farms were established in stands of E. globulus, located in these regions of the country. In each farm, twigs were collected that represented formation of galls and maintained in laboratory conditions until the emergence of adults. These were identified according to their external morphological characteristics. The presence of O. migdanorum and Closterocerus chamaeleon was determined. Both species emerged together in all the regions considered in the study, 92.1% and 46.7% of the evaluated forest farms, respectively. Then Ophelimus migdanorum is widely distributed in Maule, Biobío and La Araucanía Regions, in Chile.
Analysis of the causes affecting postoperative visual acuity recovery of open eye injury and its prevention measures

Open eye injury has become one of the three monocular blindness diseases in ophthalmology and the main reason of monocular blindness among children and young adults. This paper aimed to analyze the causes of open eye injury in northern China and its influence factors of visual acuity recovery postoperation and put forward the corresponding and adaptable preventive measures. A random sampling was conducted in 2014 on 60,000 urban and rural residents in North China about the open eye injury investigation and analysis. The self-designed and pre-test calibrated epidemiological characteristics of open eye injury questionnaire, and statistical analysis were used to explore the relevant factors affecting visual acuity recovery post operation in patients with open eye injury. There were 51,813 subjects in this survey, with a total of 483 patients with open eye injury. The injury causes and extents were closely related to their occupation, living environment and medical consciousness after injury. The recovery of visual acuity after seeing the doctor was closely related to patient’s age, operation time, the injured area, nursing intervention, preoperative visual acuity, preoperative retinal conditions and the type of injury (P<0.01). Patients with open eye injury were mostly workers, peasants and students, whose protection awareness was weak. Age, operation time, the injured area, nursing intervention, preoperative visual acuity, preoperative retinal conditions and the type of injury were significant factors affecting visual acuity recovery. Local governments should work together with relevant hospitals to popularize public safety awareness and scientific knowledge, improve the personalized and humanistic nursing skills of medical workers and supplement or amend the existing policies and programs.
The impact of vibrato usage on the perception of pitch in early music compared to grand opera

Previous studies on the pitch of long-duration vibrato tones have typically used synthesised modulator tones to assess the perceived pitch in relation to its arithmetic or geometric mean fundamental frequency. In this study a listening test was conducted with expert listener subjects matching recorded vibrato tones sung by professional singers using a method of adjustment and free response paradigm as employed in previous research. Example tones selected from recordings by 16 singers were used in the test, 8 of whom were employed at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, and the remaining singers specialised in Early Music Performance. Previous research into vibrato usage by these singers shows a noticeable difference in the use of vibrato between these performance groups, particularly in terms of extent throughout long tones. The impact of these differences in vibrato is assessed in terms of the perception of fundamental frequency in long tones as performed by the two groups of singer.
Type-I superconductivity in noncentrosymmetric superconductor

The noncentrosymmetric superconductor AuBe have been investigated using the magnetization, resistivity, specific heat, and muon-spin relaxation/rotation measurements. AuBe crystallizes in the cubic FeSi-type B20 structure with superconducting transition temperature observed at Tc = 3.2 ± 0.1 K. The low-temperature specific heat data, Cel(T), indicate a weakly-coupled fully gapped BCS superconductivity with an isotropic energy gap 2∆(0)/kBTc = 3.76, which is close to the BCS value of 3.52. Interestingly, type-I superconductivity is inferred from the μSR measurements, which is in contrast with the earlier reports of type-II superconductivity in AuBe. The Ginzburg-Landau parameter is κGL = 0.4 < 1/ √ 2. The transverse-field μSR data transformed in the maximum entropy spectra depicting the internal magnetic field probability distribution, P(H), also confirms the absence of the mixed state in AuBe. The thermodynamic critical field, Hc, calculated to be around 259 Oe. The zero-field μSR results indicate that time-reversal symmetry is preserved and supports a spin-singlet pairing in the superconducting ground state.
DROUGHT TOLERANCE OF COWPEA ENHANCED BY EXOGENOUS APPLICATION OF METHYL JASMONATE

Drought stress limits crop productivity in many regions of the world. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) a plant growth regulator is involved in many plant growth and developmental processes and tolerance to environmental stresses. This field experiment was conducted to investigate the role of exogenous application of MeJA (seed priming, foliar application at the vegetative or reproductive stages and the combination of them) in alleviating the adverse effects of drought stress in cowpea. Results showed that drought stress severely reduced growth attributes such as plant height, leaf area, biomass and seed yield as well as stomatal conductance, relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll value. Drought also increased membrane lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde ''MDA'' content), proline and total soluble sugars (TSS) contents. On the other hand, exogenously applied of MeJA improved all growth attributes under drought stress conditions through stomata closure and improving RWC, enhancing chlorophyll value, proline and TSS contents and also reduction of membrane lipid peroxidation. Among MeJA treatments, foliar application at the reproductive stage was the most effective. These results suggest the involvement of MeJA in increasing drought tolerance of cowpea by improving water status and chlorophyll value, enhancing compatible solutes accumulation and reducing membrane lipid peroxidation.
1-1-2017 PD-1 , PD-L 1 ( B 7-H 1 ) and Tumor-site Immune Modulation Therapy : the Historical Perspective

The current success of targeted inhibition against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and Programmed Death 1/Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1, herein collectively referred to as PD) pathways is hailed as a cancer immunotherapy breakthrough. PD-L1, known also as B7 homolog 1 (B7-H1), was initially discovered by Dr. Lieping Chen in 1999. To recognize the seminal contributions by Chen to the development of PD-directed therapy against cancer, the Chinese American Hematologist and Oncologist Network (CAHON) decided to honor him with its inaugural Lifetime Achievement Award in Hematology and Oncology at the CAHON’s 2015 annual meeting. This essay chronicles the important discoveries made by Chen in the exciting field of immuno-oncology, which goes beyond his original fateful finding. It also argues that PD-directed therapy should be appropriately considered as Tumor-Site Immune Modulation Therapy to distinguish it from CTLA-4-based immune checkpoint blocking agents.
CLINICAL FINDINGS IN 16 PATIENTS WITH TOMOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS OF SCHIZENCEPHALY *

OBJECTIVE: To establish a correlation between clinical features in a group of children with tomographic diagnosis of schizencephaly and clefts extent and localization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of dossiers from the archives of Neurology and Medical Genetics Services at Instituto Fernandes Figueira/Fiocruz and Hospital Municipal Jesus, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, in the period between 2000 and 2003. The study included 16 patients, nine female and seven male, with tomographic diagnosis of schizencephaly investigated for clinical findings, psychomotor development, motor/cognitive deficits and epilepsy. RESULTS: Predominance of bilateral clefts in 10:16 patients, open-lip schizencephaly type in 23:27 patients, and small lips in 11:27 patients. As regards anomalies associated with schizencephaly, pellucid septum absence was the most frequent one (10:16 patients). As regards clinical findings, 15 patients presented with developmental delay and motor deficit, six patients with cognitive deficit and ten with epilepsy. In three patients, we observed discordant clinical findings and cleft sizes, although the clefts were small, the clinical features severity was high because of other cerebral anomalies. CONCLUSION: The clinical features of schizencephaly are related to the size of the clefts, regardless laterality, presenting higher severity when associated with other cerebral anomalies.
Susceptibility of Eurasian Watermilfoil ( Myriophyllum spicatum ) and a Milfoil Hybrid ( M . spicatum × M . sibiricum ) to Triclopyr and 2 , 4-D Amine

Hybridization of the exotic Eurasian watermilfoil ( Myriophyllum spicatum L.) with the native northern watermilfoil ( M. sibiricum Komarov) has been verified in the Great Lake and Pacific Northwest regions. To determine if a milfoil hybrid was susceptible to aquatic herbicides typically used to control Eurasian watermilfoil, we conducted a small-scale experiment evaluating the comparative response of M. spicatum × M. sibiricum and its parental species, M. spicatum , to 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and triclopyr (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyloxyacetic acid). Plants were field collected from Minnesota, grown in 48-L aquaria, then dosed with 0.01, 0.03, 0.09, 0.27, 0.81, 2.43 acid equivalent (ae) 2,4-D amine and triclopyr for an exposure time of 24 to 28 h. The dose that caused a 50% growth reduction (GR 50 ) in shoot length was calculated from dose-response curves for each herbicide. For triclopyr, the GR 50 (±1 SE) for Eurasian watermilfoil was 0.04 ± 0.01 mg ae L -1 , while the GR 50 for the milfoil hybrid was 0.08 ± 0.01 mg ae L -1 . For 2,4-D amine, the GR 50 for the Eurasian genotype was 0.11 ±0.02 mg ae L -1 while the GR 50 for the hybrid was 0.12 ± 0.02 mg ae L -1 . Rates of ≥ 0.27 mg ae L -1 triclopyr or 2,4-D amine were effective in reducing shoot biomass by 95 to 100% for both the Eurasian and hybrid milfoils. This initial study showed that Eurasian watermilfoil and the milfoil hybrid responded similarly to the herbicides tested. Additional testing of different milfoil hybrid accessions should be conducted to determine the roles genotypic variation, environmental factors, and plant vigor may play in the operational chemical control of milfoil species.
Development of multimedia learning based inquiry on vibration and wave material

This study aims to develop multimedia learning based inquiry that is interesting, easy to understand by students and streamline the time of teachers in bringing the teaching materials as well as feasible to be used in learning the physics subject matter of vibration and wave. This research is a Research and Development research with reference to ADDIE model that is Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Multimedia based learning inquiry is packaged in hypertext form using Adobe Flash CS6 Software. The inquiry aspect is constructed by showing the animation of the concepts that the student wants to achieve and then followed by questions that will ask the students what is observable. Multimedia learning based inquiry is then validated by 2 learning experts, 3 material experts and 3 media experts and tested on 3 junior high school teachers and 23 students of state junior high school 5 of Kendari. The results of the study include: (1) Validation results by learning experts, material experts and media experts in valid categories; (2) The results of trials by teachers and students fall into the practical category. These results prove that the multimedia learning based inquiry on vibration and waves materials that have been developed feasible use in physics learning by students of junior high school class VIII.
NEW APPROACHES TO CONTROL CUCUMBER PEST INFESTATION WITH EMPHASIS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND CROP CHARACTERISTICS UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

he effect of different programs (foliar spray of some aromatic oils, extracts and intercropping plants with cucumber) against two insect and mite pests, i.e the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci (Genm)) egg and nymphal stages, thrips (Thrips tabaci) and the spider mite (Tetranychus urticea Koch) eggs and movable stages were studied. Also the cucumber horticultural characteristics, yield under the greenhouse and the tested programs conditions were evaluated. The trail was carried out in a clay soil at Kaha Research Farm, Kalubia, Egypt, during two successive seasons of 2014and 2015. The obtained results indicated a positive effect of all the investigated programs to reduce infestation of the important insect and mite pests on cucumber treated plants than the control and it may dividing them into groups between them to show significant differences during the first and second experimental seasons. Concerning the effect of the tested treatments on horticultural characteristics of cucumber plant, the obtained results indicated a positive effect for all treatments on cucumber vegetative growth characteristics, leaves chemical composition, fruit characteristics and total yield per plant during the two studied seasons. Data showed that T5 (basil oil spray) and T3 (citronella oil spray) followed with T6 (geranium oil) and T7(camphor oil) led to increase the cucumber growth, physical fruit characteristics, chemical leave contents, early and total yield compared with other treatments during the two studied seasons Kay wards: cucumber, whitefly, thrips, spider mite, aromatic oils, extracts and intercropping, horticultural characteristics, number of fruit and total yield
Efficient Multi-Factor User Authentication Protocol with Forward Secrecy for Real-Time Data Access in WSNs

It is challenging to design a secure and efficient multi-factor authentication scheme for real-time data access in wireless sensor networks. On the one hand, such real-time applications are generally security critical, and various security goals need to be met. On the other hand, sensor nodes and users’ mobile devices are typically of a resource-constrained nature, and expensive cryptographic primitives cannot be used. In this work, we first revisit four foremost multi-factor authentication schemes (i.e., those of Amin et al. (JNCA’18), Srinivas et al. (IEEE TDSC’18), Li et al. (JNCA’18), and Li et al. (IEEE TII’18)) and use them as case studies to reveal the difficulties and challenges in designing a multi-factor authentication scheme for wireless sensor networks correctly. We identify the root causes for their failures in achieving truly multi-factor security and forward secrecy. We further propose a robust multi-factor authentication scheme that makes use of the imbalanced computational nature of the RSA cryptosystem, particularly suitable for scenarios where sensor nodes (but not the user’s device) are the main energy bottleneck. Comparison results demonstrate the superiority of our scheme. As far as we know, it is the first two-factor authentication scheme for real-time data access in WSNs that can satisfy all 12 criteria of the state-of-the-art evaluation metric under the harshest adversary model so far.
Thioridazine promotes primary ciliogenesis in lung cancer cells through enhancing cell autophagy

As a member of the phenothiazine family, thioridazine (THIO) is a powerful anti-anxiety and anti-psychotic drug. In recent years, some research indicated that THIO could suppress the growth of several types of cancer cells. However, the effect of THIO on primary ciliogenesis of cancer cells has not been reported so far. In this study, we mainly investigated the effect of THIO on primary cilia formation of human lung cancer cells. Our results indicated that THIO could promote cell autophagy and further enhance the formation of primary cilia in the cancer cells. During the process, the protein level of BBS4 could be increased in the cancer cells, while the level of OFD1, an inhibitor of BBS4, was reduced obviously. In addition, the cancer cells with more primary cilia also showed weaker invasion ability than normal ones, and further exploration indicated that THIO treatment might inhibit the EMT process in the cancer cells. Therefore, our study indicated that THIO could enhance the primary ciliogenesis of human lung cancer cells through the regulation of cell autophagy and further suppress the invasion ability of cancer cells, providing a promising strategy for the treatment of human lung cancer as well as other cancers in clinical studies.
Determining the Differences that Matter: Development and Divergence in US States Over 1850-2010

Understanding the differences between rich and poor places is complicated by the fact that places differ from each other in numerous ways. In this paper, we show how a dimension reduction algorithm can unveil hidden patterns in US census data and consistently yield useful insights into the type of economic activities that separate rich and poor states over 160 years of development history. Moreover, we find this approach has a unique ability to shed light on the dynamics of evolving landscapes and changes in relevance of particular types of activities, such as the shift from manufacturing to high skill services that occurred in the US over the last 40 years. Our results have important implications for the decline of the rustbelt and the reversal of US regional income convergence from 1980 onwards.
Genetic Diversity of ‘ Candidatus Phytoplasma solani ’ Strains Associated to “ Bois Noir ” and Planthoppers in Azerbaijan

“Bois noir” is an important grapevine yellows endemic to the Euro-Mediterranean basin associated with the presence of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’. “Bois noir” symptoms could be associated with ‘Ca. P. solani’ in two Azerbaijanian vineyards where disease incidence and severity were recorded for five local Vitis vinifera cultivars. In order to gain insight into the epidemiology of BN disease in Azerbaijan, ‘Ca. P. solani’ strains from grapevine were characterized by multi-locus sequence analysis and compared to strains detected in other plants and in local Cixiidae planthoppers. Genotypes were determined for two non-ribosomal house-keeping genes, namely tuf and secY, as well as two variable markers namely stamp and mleP1 genes, that respectively encode the antigenic membrane protein Stamp and a 2-Hydroxycarboxylate transporter. The Azerbaijanian BN phytoplasma strains corresponded to three tufB and secY genotypes. More detailed differentiation of Azerbaijanian BN phytoplasmas was obtained on mleP1 gene, as five mleP1 genetic variants were evidenced. Finally, stamp gene allowed differentiating four new genotypes in grapevine among the ten new stamp genotypes detected in various plants in Azerbaijan. The preliminary survey for infected insects conducted in Northern Azerbaijan led to the identification of Hyalesthes obsoletus and Reptalus noahi as potential vectors for two ‘Ca. P. solani’ new genotypes, phylogenetically distant from the known genetic clusters. Altogether these results indicate an important genetic diversity of BN phytoplasmas in Azerbaijan that certainly result from spread through local insect vectors. Key words--‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’, mleP1, secY, stamp, tuf
EDUCATION POLICY ANALYSIS ARCHIVES

The purpose of this article is two-fold. First, it reports on a study of the distribution of reform-oriented instructional practices among Black, White and Hispanic students, and the relationship between those practices and student achievement. The study identified many similarities in instruction across student groups, but there were some differences, such as Black and Hispanic students being assessed with multiple-choice tests significantly more often than were White students. Using hierarchical linear modeling, this study identified several significant positive—and no negative—relationships between reform-oriented practices and 4th-grade student achievement. Specifically, teacher emphasis on non-number mathematics strands, collaborative problem solving, and teacher knowledge of the NCTM Standards were positive predictors of achievement. An analysis of interaction effects indicated that the relationships between various instructional 1 This project was funded through a National Assessment of Educational Progress Secondary Analysis Grant from the National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences. The author would like to thank Eric Camburn, Mack Shelley, Jay Verkuilen, Lateefah Id-Deen, Megan Brown and Chris Lubienski for their helpful advice during various stages of this work. Only the author is responsible for the analysis and interpretations presented in this report. Education Policy Analysis Archives Vol. 14 No. 14 2 practices and achievement were roughly similar for White, Black and Hispanic students. The second purpose of this article is to make comparisons with another study that used the same NAEP data, but drew very different conclusions about the potential for particular instructional practices to alleviate inequities. A study published in EPAA by Wenglinsky (2004) concluded that school personnel can eliminate racerelated gaps within their schools by changing their instructional practices. Similarities and differences between these two studies are discussed to illuminate how a researcher’s framing, methods, and interpretations can heavily influence a study’s conclusions. Ultimately, this article argues that the primary conclusion of Wenglinsky’s study is unwarranted.