Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Feeding Broiler Chicks on Graded Levels of Soaked Prosopis Seeds

Eighty four 7days old (Ross 308) broiler chicks were used to study the effect of addition of soaked Prosopis seed on the performance and carcass characteristics. Four experimental diets containing 0, 25%, 50% and 75%soaked Prosopis seed (SPS), replacing sesame cake and sorghum partially. The experimental was in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments, each replicated three times with 7 chicks per each. Parameters evaluated were average body weight, average body weight gain, average feed intake, average feed conversing ratio (FCR), carcass characteristics as well as apparent nutrient digestibility. Results obtained showed that chicks fed on diets contained (25, 50%of SPS) consumed more feed flowed by those on (25% SPS) and group (75%) consumed the lowest feed. Where feed intake during the period of experimental was significantly (P<0.05) increase with the increasing of SPS up to 50% induction in diets. For live body weight gains chicks in group B (25%SPS) recorded significant (P<0.05) heaviest value in both parameters compared to other groups. For feed conversion ratio (FCR), also chicks in group B (25%SPS) recorded the best value compared to other groups. The economical study showed that SPS could be included in broiler diets up to 50% without characteristics (P<0.05) effects due to the level of inclusion of SPS in broiler diets. It was evident from the economical study that SPS could be included up to 50% in broiler diets without any adverse.
LIDAR CHARACTERIZATIONS OF WATER VAPOR MEASUREMENTS OVER THE ARM SGP SITE

Improving the parameterization of radiative processes in General Circulation Models (GCMs), which is a primary objective of the Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program, requires an accurate specification of the atmospheric state. Water vapor measurements are especially important for this characterization because water vapor dominates clear sky emission in the atmospheric window region. Measurements obtained at the ARM Southern Great Plains (SGP) site (36.62 N, 97.5 W) have indicated that uncertainty in the routine water vapor measurements is the limiting factor in assessing the performance of infrared radiation models. The largest differences in water vapor profiles are found in the upper troposphere, where differences between operational Raman lidar and Vaisala radiosonde water vapor profiles often exceed 20% (Turner and Goldsmith, 1999). ARM has conducted a series of experiments at the SGP site to characterize and ultimately improve the accuracy of water vapor measurements. The goal is to develop techniques to reduce uncertainties in upper tropospheric water vapor (UTWV) measurements to less than 10% (Tobin et al., 2002). As the latest in these series of experiments, the ARM-FIRE Water Vapor Experiment (AFWEX) was conducted at the SGP site during late November to early December 2000 to resolve differences in measurements of absolute water
Understanding and Optimizing the Inductive Learning of Categories and Concepts - eScholarship

Inductive learning refers to learning categories and concepts from exemplars of those categories or concepts. Such learning, which is a fundamental component of human cognition, enables us to classify never-before-encountered examples as instances of a given category or concept. How, though, should the exemplars of different categories, such as pictures of different species of butterflies, be presented in order to enhance inductive learning? The prevailing view has been that exemplars of a given category should be presented close together in time to highlight the commonalities that define that category, but Kornell and Bjork (2008)--to their surprise and against participants' intuitions--found that interleaving, not blocking, the exemplars of separate to-be-learned categories enhanced inductive learning. These findings, together with results from subsequent studies, suggest that the opportunity interleaving provides to contrast exemplars of different categories, such as an Admiral butterfly versus an Elfin butterfly, may be key to optimizing inductive learning. The eight experiments reported in this dissertation, which involved having participants learn species of butterflies, families of birds, the handwriting styles of different individuals, and the styles of different artists, were designed to clarify the roles of contrast processing (encoding differences between exemplars of different categories) and commonality processes (encoding commonalities across the exemplars within a category). Overall, the results obtained suggest that contrast processing and commonality processing are both critical, but that contrast processes occur automatically, whereas noticing commonalities is a deliberate and conscious process in category learning. Importantly, interleaving exemplars of different categories appears not only to facilitate contrast processing, but also, under some circumstances, commonality processing. Finally, it appears that learners--even when they know about the benefits of interleaving and the importance of contrast processing for achieving category learning--cannot effectively engage in contrast processing as a self-initiated study strategy without the aid of an interleaved presentation schedule. The present findings help to provide a more complete picture of the processes involved in feature extraction and category generalization. From a practical standpoint, the results also have implications for enhancing category learning in educational settings, where such learning is prevalent and critical to mastery and achievement.
Sieg at MEDIQA 2019: Multi-task Neural Ensemble for Biomedical Inference and Entailment

This paper presents a multi-task learning approach to natural language inference (NLI) and question entailment (RQE) in the biomedical domain. Recognizing textual inference relations and question similarity can address the issue of answering new consumer health questions by mapping them to Frequently Asked Questions on reputed websites like the NIH. We show that leveraging information from parallel tasks across domains along with medical knowledge integration allows our model to learn better biomedical feature representations. Our final models for the NLI and RQE tasks achieve the 4th and 2nd rank on the shared-task leaderboard respectively.
Change in Nasal Airflow, Associated with the Treatment of Rapid Maxillary Expansion in Children with Maxillary Compression

Purpose: To determine the change of nasal airflow (ANF) in children with maxillary compression after performing rapid expansion treatment. Materials and methods: The sample consisted of 30 patients who attended the Orthodontics Postgraduate Program of the Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon (UANL). They underwent clinical history, study models, lateral cephalogram and orthopantomography. Those who presented maxillary compression were referred to the Regional Center of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (CRAIC) of the University Hospital, UANL. , Where a rhinomanometry (T1) was performed to know the values of nasal airflow (NAD) and nasal resistance (RN). before starting the maxillary expansion treatment (ERM). ERM was performed with a Hyrax type expansion screw. Three subsequent registrations were performed with rhinomanometry, the first was one month after starting the ERM (T2), the second to the third month (T3) and the third to the ninth month (T4). Changes in the nasal airflow were compared after of the maxillary rapid expansion, with the student’s t test, with p≤0.05, for related samples. Results: The values of the FAN increased as the measurements were made, on the other hand, the RN decreased progressively. The results were not statistically significant from one time to another. We did not find a statistically significant difference in relation to gender, nor to the present symptomatology. The group of 9 to 10 years was especially favored in relation to the two groups of greater age. Conclusion: The treatment of MRS is an effective treatment to relieve maxillary compression, helps improve nasal capacity, increasing FAN and decreasing the NR; however, it is not recommended in order to improve nasal permeability exclusively
DIII-D research in support of ITER

DIII-D research is providing key information for the design and operation of ITER. Investigations of axisymmetric stability and of edge-localized mode (ELM) suppression with resonant magnetic perturbations have helped provide the physics basis for new axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric control coils in ITER. Discharges that simulate ITER operating scenarios in conventional H-mode, advanced inductive, hybrid and steady state regimes have achieved normalized performance consistent with ITER’s goals for fusion performance. Stationary discharges with high βN and 90% non-inductive current that project to Q = 5 in ITER have been sustained for a current relaxation time (∼2.5 s), and high beta wall-stabilized discharges with fully non-inductive current drive have been sustained for more than one second. Detailed issues of plasma control have been addressed, including the development of a new large-bore startup scenario for ITER. DIII-D research also contributes to the basis for reliable operation in ITER, through active control of the chief performance-limiting instabilities. Simultaneous stabilization of neoclassical tearing modes (by localized current drive) and resistive wall modes (by magnetic feedback) has allowed stable operation at high beta and low rotation. In research aimed at improving the lifetime of material surfaces near the plasma, recent experiments have investigated several approaches to mitigation of disruptions, including injection of low-Z gas and low-Z pellets, and have shown the conditions that minimize core impurity accumulation during radiative divertor operation. Investigation of carbon erosion, transport and co-deposition with hydrogenic species, and methods for the removal of co-deposits, will contribute to the physics basis for initial operation of ITER with a carbon divertor. A broad research programme provides the physics basis for predicting the performance of ITER. Recent key results include the discovery that the L–H power threshold is reduced with low neutral beam torque, and the development of a successful model for prediction of the H-mode pedestal height in DIII-D. Research areas with the potential to improve ITER’s performance include the demonstration of ELM-free ‘quiescent H-mode’ discharges with both coand counter-neutral beam injection, and validation of the predicted torque generated by static, nonaxisymmetric magnetic fields. New diagnostics provide detailed benchmarking of turbulent transport codes and direct measurements of the anomalous transport of fast ions by Alfvén instabilities. Successful comparison of experiment and modelling for off-axis neutral beam current drive provides the basis for more flexible current profile control in advanced scenarios. PACS numbers: 52.55. Fa, 52.25. Fi, 52.55. Pi, 52.55. Rk, 52.55. Tn, 52.55. Wq (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)
A Model of Consumer Switching Behavior on the Internet

This study develops a multivariate multinomial Logit-Markov framework and a statistical estimation procedure to evaluate consumer switching-behavior. The switching probabilities of a first-order Markov process are formulated as a function of explanatory variables that include the previous state as well as variables that capture specific market situations and the resulting heterogeneity of switching probabilities among consumers. This study extends methodologies widely used in choice models. In particular, it extends previous approaches that utilize generalized least-squares methods to estimate multi-brand switching behavior models with explanatory variables by proposing a more compelling Maximum Likelihood Estimation procedure. An empirical study of the dynamics of consumer switching behavior across major portal Web sites on the Internet on the basis of online panel data is provided as an illustration of the model. This application highlights the potential managerial implications of the model in the context of E-commerce. [
EFFICACY IN HUMAN VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS : A COMPARISON BETWEEN CHILDREN AND ADULTS

quire additional information about the presence of infections, namely where they are in relation to the cell. The cell biology of antigen presentation through MHC class I and class II molecules, and the evolution of the co-receptor molecules, CD4 and CD8, allows this positional information to be presented to the appropriate effector subsets of T cells. The complex network of cells that comprises the immune system is coordinated by cytokines and chemokines, a diverse series of growth, survival, differentiation and chemotactic factors that both create the architecture of the immune sysem and orchestrate immune responses in both space and time. This temporal organisation of the immune response largely reflects the evolutionary divergence of immune recognition and effector mechanisms, with innate responses occurring early on infection and leading to the recruitment of adaptive responses. Recognition of infectious organisms as ‘foreign’ relies on two separate strategies. The first ecognition of non-self – is the older in the evolution of the immune system, and consists of the direct recognition of specific molecular patterns present on microorganisms, while the second, more powerful and evolutionarily more recent strategy – recognition of self relies on recognition mechanisms that are either nonspecific or have a diverse repertoire, coupled with specific inhibition or removal of self-reactivity. Failure to remove or inhibit self-reactivity results in damage to the organism; that this cost is tolerated in evolutionary terms reflects the overall value of these recognition strategies in host defence.
Baru A Measurement of Family Well-Being in Malaysian Adolescent : Demographic Differences

This paper aims to examine the personal and social environmental factors known to affect the perceptions of subjective family well-being in Malaysian adolescents. A sample from 2808 households was drawn from the Family Well-being Index Survey conducted by National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) in 2011. In adolescent, the subjective measurement of family functioning, family economic status, neighbourhood support and family well-being are known to be moderately high but having positive low to moderate relationship. The subjective measurement of family well-being did not differ by gender, education background, housing locality and household type. adolescents’ family cohesion, family economic situation, andneighbourhood support predicted adolescents’ satisfaction with their family well-being. The overall findings of this study support the hypothesis about intrapersonal and interpersonal variables as better predictors of adolescent family well-being than family structure, family financial resources and adolescent living circumstances. Future research should focus on these relationships using longitudinal designs and include information collected from both adolescents and their parents. Copyright © 2016 Penerbit Akademia Baru All rights reserved.
Combination of 16 S rRNA variable regions provides a detailed analysis of bacterial community dynamics in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients

Chronic bronchopulmonary bacterial infections remain the most common cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Recent community sequencing work has now shown that the bacterial community in the CF lung is polymicrobial. Identifying bacteria in the CF lung through sequencing can be costly and is not practical for many laboratories. Molecular techniques such as terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism or amplicon length heterogeneity–polymerase chain reaction (LH-PCR) can provide many laboratories with the ability to study CF bacterial communities without costly sequencing. The aim of this study was to determine if the use of LH-PCR with multiple hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene could be used to identify organisms found in sputum DNA. This work also determined if LH-PCR could be used to observe the dynamics of lung infections over a period of time. Nineteen samples were analysed with the V1 and the V1_V2 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Based on the amplicon size present in the V1_V2 region, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was confirmed to be in all 19 samples obtained from the patients. The V1 region provided a higher power of discrimination between bacterial profiles of patients. Both regions were able to identify trends in the bacterial population over a period of time. LH profiles showed that the CF lung community is dynamic and that changes in the community may in part be driven by the patient’s antibiotic treatment. LH-PCR is a tool that is well suited for studying bacterial communities and their dynamics.
Apoptosis Role of the Tumor Suppressor RASSF 1 A in Mst 1-Mediated Updated

Mammalian sterile 20–like kinase 1 (Mst1) is activated by both caspase-mediated cleavage and phosphorylation in response to apoptotic stimuli, including Fas ligation. Here, we examined the possible role of the tumor suppressor RASSF1A in Mst1 activation and Mst1-mediated apoptosis induced by death receptor signaling. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence analyses revealed that Mst1 was associated with RASSF1A in cultured mammalian cells, with both proteins colocalizing to microtubules throughout the cell cycle. Whereas purified recombinant RASSF1A inhibited the kinase activity of purified recombinant Mst1 in vitro , overexpression of RASSF1A increased the kinase activity of Mst1 in intact cells, suggesting that regulation of Mst1 by RASSF1A in vivo involves more than the simple association of the two proteins. Both the activation of Mst1 and the incidence of apoptosis induced by Fas ligation were markedly reduced in cells depleted of RASSF1A by RNA interference and were increased by restoration of RASSF1A expression in RASSF1A-deficient cells. Moreover, the stimulatory effect of RASSF1A overexpression on Fas-induced apoptosis was inhibited by depletion of Mst1. These findings indicate that RASSF1A facilitates Mst1 activation and thereby promotes apoptosis induced by death receptor signaling. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(5): 2562-9)
Swidden Cultivation among two Chepang Communities in the Central Hill Districts of Nepal : Local perceptions and factors influencing change

7 Chapter 1: Introduction . 8 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 11 Definition, types and global extent of swidden agriculture . 11 The misconception and conservation conflicts with swidden cultivation . 13 Current understanding on changes in extent of swidden agriculture . 14 Rural livelihoods and environment in Nepal . 14 Current policy perspective on swidden agriculture. 15 The Chepang’s . 16 Chapter 3: Materials and Methods . 18 Study sites. 18 Methods . 19 Focus Group Discussion . 21 Sampling and sample size . 21 Swidden farmer survey . 22 Visit to swidden fields . 22 Interviews with other professionals . 23 Data analysis . 24 Ethical considerations during the study. 24 Conditions limiting the study . 24 Chapter 4: Results . 27 Demography and socio-economic condition of swidden farmers . 27
Learning Patient Transfers with Technology: A Qualitative Investigation of the Design Space

Nurses who care about patients with functional disabilities are frequently required to transfer a patient from one place to another. To prevent nurses from injuring themselves during patient transfers, many government-supported schools in Germany provide programs which teach how to conduct transfers based on the kinaesthetics care conception. However, the program is typically limited to merely three lectures. With the goal of promoting nurses' health behavior, we analyzed current practices in kinaesthetics education and explored how interactive technology can extend those practices. We interviewed nursing-care teachers (N = 5) and students (N = 27), and conducted four contextual inquiries during kinaesthetics course sessions. A qualitative analysis of the data revealed three themes. Based on these, we describe a set of implications to support the learning of kinaesthetics-based transfers by means of technology. We propose the use of the implications as initial design goals for user-centered design processes and exemplify their application by illustrating a concept for a tablet-based learning system.
Growth rate and calcium carbonate accumulation of Halimeda macroloba Decaisne ( Chlorophyta : Halimedaceae ) in Thai waters

Halimeda macroloba Decaisne can utilize the CO2 used for carbon fixation in photosynthesis and use bicarbonate as the main carbon source for calcification. Although Halimeda has been recognized as a carbon sink species, the calcium accumulation of Halimeda species in Thai waters remain poorly understood. In this study, the highest density of H. macroloba was 26 thalli/m and Halimeda quickly produced 1-2 new segments/thallus/day or 20.1 mg dry weight/thallus/day. Its calcium carbonate accumulation rate was 16.6 mg CaCO3/thallus/day, or 82.46 % per thallus. In Thailand, however, only three scientific papers of growth rate and CaCO3 accumulation rate of H. macroloba have been found and collected. Of these records, the mean density was 26-104 thalli/m. The growth rate of H. macroloba was around 1-2 mg dry weight/day and the CaCO3 accumulation rate varied around 41-91%. Thus, Halimeda has a great potential to decrease the carbon dioxide concentration in the ocean.
Embryology of Spathoglottis plicata Blume : A Reinvestigation and Additional Data

– Spathoglottis plicata Blume is very popular among terrestrial orchids because it is attractive, easy to grow and can flower all year round. The aim of this study was to reinvestigate the embryological characters using classical paraffin embedding and sectioning, along with ovule clearing and scanning electron microscopy analyses. The simultaneous cytokinesis results in decussate, isobilateral, linear, T-shaped and tetrahedral microspore tetrads. Mature pollen grains are two-celled with perforate sculpturing. The anther wall is comprised of an epidermis, two to three layers of endothecium, one layer each of middle layer and one layer of binucleate glandular tapetal cells. At anthesis, the mature anther wall is composed of epidermis and fibrous endothecium. At 9 d after pollination (DAP), the mature ovules are anatropous, bitegmic and tenuinucellate. The megaspore tetrad is linear. Development of the embryo sac conformed to the Polygonum type. The pollen tube enters the embryo sac through the micropyle (porogamy), and double fertilization is observed at 15 DAP. The zygote divides transversely to form a two-celled proembryo. The basal cell becomes the suspensor initial cell, whereas the terminal cell divides transversely to form a linear three-celled proembryo. The proembryonal tetrad is T-shaped. Embryogenesis is of the Onagrad type. The suspensor is single-celled, hypertrophied and cap-, globularor saclike. Fruit opens at 30 DAP. Seeds are fusiform in shape with longitudinally oriented testa cells with a smooth periclinal seed surface and straight anticlinal walls. The mature globular embryo is acotyledonous and lacks differentiation. Furthermore, cleavage polyembryony gives rise to twin embryos.
RADAR ALTIMETRY BACKSCATTERING SIGNATURES AT Ka , Ku , C AND S BANDS OVER LAND

Satellite radar altimetry, initially designed for studying ocean surface topography, demonstrated a strong potential for the continuous monitoring of ice sheets and land surfaces over the last 25 years. If radar altimetry is mostly used for its capacity to determine surface height, the backscattering coefficients provide information on the surface properties. Spatio-temporal variations of radar altimetry backscattering over land were related to the nature of the surface and its changes against time. This study presents the results of an along-track analysis of radar altimetry echoes over land at S, C, Ku and Ka bands using data from Jason-2, ERS-2, ENVISAT and SARAL on their nominal orbit. Temporal average and deviations are presented at global scale.