Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chi-square approximation by Stein's method with application to Pearson's statistic

This paper concerns the development of Stein's method for chi-square approximation and its application to problems in statistics. New bounds for the derivatives of the solution of the gamma Stein equation are obtained. These bounds involve both the shape parameter and the order of the derivative. Subsequently Stein's method for chi-square approximation is applied to bound the distributional distance between Pearson's statistic and its limiting chi-square distribution, measured using smooth test functions. In combination with the use of symmetry arguments, Stein' method yields explicit bounds on this distributional distance of order $n^{-1}$.
Comparison of Water Use Savings and Crop Yields for Clay Pot and Furrow Irrigation Methods in Lake Bogoria, Kenya

As population grows mainly in developing countries resulting in an increase in water scarcity particularly in arid areas, irrigated agriculture is required to produce more food while using less water, and to do so without degrading the environment. The extent of improvement of water management in arid lands involves very high costs and irrigation methods that can help meet this challenge by giving growers greater control over the application of water is desirable. Clay pot is an efficient and cheap irrigation method that does not require water of high quality. Despite the significant efforts at Kapkuikui informal irrigation scheme to increase food production using furrow irrigation method, production has been declining over time due to water scarcity and fields abandoned as a result of salinity raising the need for improvement of the water productivity using an environmentally sound irrigation method. The objective of the present study was to evaluate water use savings under clay pot compared to furrow irrigation methods using field trials of maize and tomato crops and also soil water balance techniques. In addition, analysis of the salinity of irrigation water and soil at the scheme was done. Results indicate that the irrigation water sourced from springs at the scheme is saline with a salinity of 0.85g/l. The clay pot system was found to be more efficient than the furrow irrigation method by saving 97.1% of applied water for the maize crop and 97.8% for the tomato crop respectively. In terms of yield increases, the clay system was more productive per unit of water than the furrow irrigation method. The maize grain yields was 32.2% higher than that under the furrow, while fresh fruit tomato yields was 43.7% higher in the clay pot system than the furrow.
Aid in the Aftermath of Hurricane Katrina: Inferences of Secondary Emotions and Intergroup Helping

This research examines inferences about the emotional states of ingroup and outgroup victims after a natural disaster, and whether these inferences predict intergroup helping. Two weeks after Hurricane Katrina struck the southern United States, White and non-White participants were asked to infer the emotional states of an individualized Black or White victim, and were asked to report their intentions to help such victims. Overall, participants believed that an outgroup victim experienced fewer secondary, ‘uniquely human’ emotions (e.g. anguish, mourning, remorse) than an ingroup victim. The extent to which participants did infer secondary emotions about outgroup victims, however, predicted their helping intentions; in other words, those participants who did not dehumanize outgroup victims were the individuals most likely to report intentions to volunteer for hurricane relief efforts. This investigation extends prior research by: (1) demonstrating infraglobalhumanization of individualized outgroup members (as opposed to aggregated outgroups); (2) examining infrahumanization via inferred emotional states (as opposed to attributions of emotions as stereotypic traits); and (3) identifying a relationship between infra-humanization of outgroup members and reduced intergroup helping.
Estimating the Value of Water Quality Improvements in a Recreational Demand Framework

With the advent of Executive Order 12291, policymakers involved in water quality regulation are increasingly interested in assessing the benefits of their programs. Several methods for valuing water quality improvements using recreational demand models have been developed by economists, most of which depend on observing recreationists visiting an array of sites with varying water quality and costs of access. In this paper, three general types of models are described: systems of demands, discrete choice models, and the hedonic travel cost approach; the latter two models are demonstrated using a common data set on water quality and swimming behavior in the Boston area. The models are contrasted and their relative usefulness in answering policy questions explored.
Relationships between carcass characteristics, meat quality, age and sex of free-ranging Alaskan reindeer: a pilot study

Twenty-four reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) carcasses from male and female animals that ranged in age from calves to adults were purchased from Bering Sea Reindeer Products (BSRP), Nunivak Island, Alaska, USA. Preslaughter and abattoir procedures were observed and evaluated. Carcasses were split in half, weighed, and broke into wholesale primal cuts of chuck, rib, loin, and hindquarter. Each primal cut was weighed, boxed, and frozen. Each half carcass of primal cuts was later dissected into lean tissue, bone, and the three compartments of fat: subcutaneous, intermuscular, and peritoneal. A portion of the loin was collected from each animal in order to obtain data on pH and shear force. Sensory panel analysis was performed on loin steaks. Due to management and environmental effects, pH values were high and the meat was dark in colour. Carcasses from adult male reindeer contained significantly lower levels of fat than carcasses of adult females. Data indicated that yearling reindeer are of greatest economic value for meat production.
Customer engagement on Facebook-Case Gasellit

Objective of the study: The objective of the study was to examine how customer engagement is negotiated between the human brand Gasellit and their followers on the Facebook page of the band during the release of Gasellit’s new album. To date, musicians utilizing Facebook for promotional purposes has not attracted much research interest. Earlier studies on human brands demonstrate that celebrities can endorse established consumer brands but do not focus on instances where celebrities endorse themselves. In turn, customer engagement scholars build on the premises of service-dominant (S-D) logic wherein consumers are seen as co-creators of value which emphasizes the interactive nature of service relationships. The leading social media site Facebook is an appropriate platform for initiating customer engagement as it provides both organizations and customers with opportunities for authentic interaction. Research method: The research method was qualitative. Netnography was applied for the online observation of the Facebook community during the six-month period from September 2015 to February 2016. In addition, a semi-structured interview with Gasellit was conducted in order to gain a deep understanding about the community and the band’s use of Facebook. Findings of the study: The findings of the study reveal that customer engagement on Gasellit’s Facebook page is four-fold. Firstly, the community has several conventions that the followers exhibit when communicating on the page. Secondly, customer engagement is centered on two objects, Gasellit and the community per se. Thirdly, customer engagement is negotiated through six engagement processes which all highlight the interactive nature of the relationship between Gasellit and their followers on Facebook. Finally, the engagement processes lead to 16 specific engagement practices some of which originate from the engagement object of Gasellit and some from the engagement object of community. Through these practices, the followers both demonstrate their engagement with Gasellit and interact with other followers in the community on a daily basis.
Analysis of factors affecting the development of an entrepreneurial student

The purpose of this paper is to explore the influential factors on entrepreneurial spirit of wood and paper industries students in two universities, namely Agriculture and natural resources faculty of Tehran University and Shahid Rajaiee teacher training University. A sample of 100 students were selected from a target population of 572 students using the Cochran formula. The respondents were asked to provide their answers to a standardized questionnaire. Results indicated that from the students’ perspective such factors as motivation, providence and achievement propensity had the greatest impact on entrepreneurial spirit of the respondents whilst factors like internal control, exception ability and having systematic attitude had the least influence. Moreover concerning the effect of educational and academic factors on entrepreneurial spirit, the most effective items were respectively favorable access to computer and internet and learned and efficient instructors whereas the least effective items considered were degree orientation, students’ apprenticeships in executive environments and education at the university. The findings showed a significant positive relation at the significance level of 0.05 between the level of education and age with the creation of entrepreneurial spirit amongst students. Furthermore a significant positive relation was observed between educational and academic factors, propensity to achievement, risk taking and ambiguity toleration, control source and family with entrepreneurial spirit at the significance level of 0.01. Also the results of multiple regression analysis showed that 79.7%of entrepreneurial spirit (the dependent variable) variance was explained by such independent variables as educational and academic factors, achievement propensity, being innovative, risk taking and ambiguity toleration, control source and family.
Tweeting Alone? An Analysis of Bridging and Bonding Social Capital in Online Networks

In this article, we test Putnam’s claim that online interactions are unable to foster social capital by examining the formation of bridging and bonding social capital in online networks. Using Burt’s concepts of closure and brokerage as indicators, we observe networks formed through online interactions and test them against several theoretical models. We test Putnam’s claim using Twitter data from three events: the Occupy movement in 2011, the IF Campaign in 2013, and the Chilean Presidential Election of the same year. Our results provide the first evidence that online networks are able to produce the structural features of social capital. In the case of bonding social capital, online ties are more effective in forming close networks than theory predicts. However, bridging social capital is observed under certain conditions, for example, in the presence of organizations and professional brokers. This latter finding provides additional evidence for the argument that social capital follows similar patterns online and offline.
Mechanisms of Non-Tariff Bariers in Agri-Food Trade Between Poland and the Czech Republic on the Intra-EU Market

The paper aimed identification of mechanisms of non-tariff barriers used by the EU Member States that affect the intra-EU exchange of agri-food products on the example of the trade between Poland and the Czech Republic. In the beginning the paper presents, the main theoretical assumptions of the free movement of goods, based on subsequent economic integration stages according to Balassa. Next it discusses, examples of the identified actions of the Czech Republic against the agri-food products imported from Poland, together with an analysis of potential economic mechanisms resulting from these activities. The next section presents the statistical effects of trade exchange, which allows us to formulate conclusions regarding the potential consequences of the barriers. On the basis of the analysis, it was found that soft non-tariff barriers on the Czech market have not brought any significant negative effects for the overall Polish exports of agri-food products to the Czech Republic. The negative consequences have been borne by individual traders, who according to the Czech authorities offered products that do not meet the requirements. Moreover, our study identified traditional non-tariff barriers introduced on the Czech market for export of all food suppliers which led to the collapse of exports from Poland, while at the same time the growth of the main suppliers from other EU Member States continued to grow.
The Performance and Persistence of Individual Investors: Rational Agents or Tulip Maniacs?

We study the impact of derivatives trading on the investment performance of individual investors and examine whether investor performance is persistent. Using a sample of more than 68,000 accounts and nine million trades, we find that the average investor earns negative gross and net alphas, mainly because of substantial losses on derivatives investments. The underperformance of derivatives traders is due to bad market timing that results from overreaction to past stock market movements. We also find strong evidence of performance persistence among individual investors. Women are more successful investors than men and persistent winners hold larger accounts with lower turnover.
Novel Air Filtration Device for Building Air Handling Unit

Particulate matter (PM) is one of the major indoor air pollutants in the subway-underground stations in Korea. Various kinds of PM removal methods such as a roll-filter, auto-washable air filter, demister, and electrostatic precipitator are applied in the air handling unit (AHU) of subway station. However, those systems are faced with operation and maintenance problems since the filter-regeneration achieved by air or water jet is often malfunctioned due to the high load of particulates. The filter material also needs periodic replacement. In this study, we designed a novel particle removal system with minimized maintenance requirement compared to above mentioned filter systems. The new system named as panel-type cyclone system was suggested and the key part of the system was developed based on the axial-flow cyclone where the air flow pattern lies on the same axis with air stream through passing the AHU. The shape of axial-flow cyclone was optimized to remove 50% of 2.5 μm-sized particulate matters with minimal pressure drop by using the tool of computational fluid dynamics. We believe that the novel axial-flow cyclone system is cost-effective and efficient way of removing particulate matters in the size range of 1-10 μm in the AHU of subway station or buildings.
Non-descent vaginal hysterectomy in women with previous caesarean section scar: our experience

Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus, being the commonest major gynecological surgeries done worldwide. Conventionally and historically vaginal hysterectomy is done in cases of utero vaginal prolapse and abdominal route used to be performed in most of other indications. Subsequently, hysterectomy through vaginal route for nonprolapse uterus popularly known as, “Non Descent Vaginal Hysterectomy” (NDVH) has proved to be feasible, safe, cost effective and justifiable option in comparison to abdominal route even in large size uterus by various studies.
On the use of the indicial-function concept in the analysis of unsteady motions of wings and wing-tail combinations

The concept of indicial aerodynamic functions is applied to the analysis of the short-period pitching mode of aircraft. By the use of simple physical relationships associated with the indicial-function relationships concept, quantitative studies are made of the separate effects on the damping in pitch of changes in Mach number, aspect ratio, plan-form shape, and frequency. The concept is further shown to be of value in depicting physically the induced effects on a tail surface which follows in the wake of a starting forward surface. Considerable effort is devoted to the development of theoretical techniques whereby the transient response in lift at the tail to the wing wake may be estimated. Numerical results for several representative cases are presented, and these are analyzed to reassess the importance of the contribution to the rotary damping moment of the interference lift at the tail.
Analysis on the individual efficiency prediction in the composed error frontier model: a Monte Carlo study

This study seeks to analyse some important questions related to the Stochastic Frontier Model, such as the method proposed by Jondrow et al (1982) to separate the error term into its two components, and the measure of efficiency given by Timmer (1971). To this purpose, a Monte Carlo experiment has been carried out using the Half-Normal and Normal-Exponential specifications throughout the rank of the ? parameter. The estimation errors have been eliminated, so that the intrinsic variability of the conditional of u given e can be evaluated. In addition, the behaviour of the mean and mode as point estimators of u is investigated. The results have yielded some interesting findings. We have observed that both the point estimates and the mean efficiency are more precise in cases of lower efficiency. This occurs when the variable that generates the inefficiency outweights the one that picks up the errors out of the control. The change in order found between the estimated efficiency and its estimated value is misleadingly high especially for low e, which underlines the risk of estimating at these values
Comparison of Oral Micronized Progesterone and Dydrogesterone as a Luteal Support in Intrauterine Insemination Cycle

목 적: 과배란유도 후 자궁강내 인공수정 시술시 황체기 보강으로서 경구 미분화 프로게스테론 투여법과 경구 디드로게스테론 투여법의 임상적 효용성을 비교하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 2007년 1월부터 2009년 8월까지 시행된 과배란유도 후 자궁강내 인공수정 시술 183주기를 후향적으로 분 석하였다. 과배란유도는 성선자극호르몬 단독 또는 클로미펜과 성선자극호르몬의 병합요법을 사용하였다. 136주기에 서는 황체기 보강으로서 경구 미분화 프로게스테론을 하루 300 mg으로 투여하였고 47주기에서는 디드로게스테론을 일일 20 mg으로 투여하였다. 결 과: 여성의 연령, 불임 인자, 성숙난포수 (≥16 mm), 총운동성정자수, triggering 날의 자궁내막 두께는 두 군간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 자궁내 태낭이 확인되는 임상적 임신율은 미분화 프로게스테론 투여군에서 21.3%, 디드로게 스테론 투여군에서 19.1%로 차이가 없었다 (p=0.92). 유산율은 미분화 프로게스테론 투여군에서 다소 높은 경향을 보였으나 통계학적인 차이는 없었다 (34.5% vs. 11.1%, p=0.36).
Third-Order Differential Subordination and Superordination Results for Meromorphically Multivalent Functions Associated with the Liu-Srivastava Operator

There are many articles in the literature dealing with the first-order and the second-order differential subordination and superordination problems for analytic functions in the unit disk, but only a few articles are dealing with the above problems in the third-order case (see, e.g., Antonino and Miller (2011) and Ponnusamy et al. (1992)). The concept of the third-order differential subordination in the unit disk was introduced by Antonino and Miller in (2011). Let Ω be a set in the complex plane . Also let be analytic in the unit disk and suppose that . In this paper, we investigate the problem of determining properties of functions that satisfy the following third-order differential superordination: . As applications, we derive some third-order differential subordination and superordination results for meromorphically multivalent functions, which are defined by a family of convolution operators involving the Liu-Srivastava operator. The results are obtained by considering suitable classes of admissible functions.
Re-thinking culture's consequences on relationship creation and network formation in Asian markets

The increasing importance of Asian markets for future global economy and international business has been emphasized by business leaders and management gurus (Drucker & Nakauchi 1997). China, in particular, has become “the workshop of the world” (Roberts & Kynge 2003) and “the engine behind global trade growth” (Pfanner 2004). The pervasive influence of culture on Asia management systems and business behaviours warrant more dedicated academic attention (Chen 1995). So far, most studies on the impact of culture on the development of relationships and formation of networks in Asian country markets have been based on the etic (culture-general) approach which depends on evaluating markets by applying a set of underlying cultural dimensions as represented by Hofstede’s (1980, 1991, 2001) theory. For the most part these dimensions are ‘western’ concepts and research instruments which rest on the notion that different cultures are separated by politically defined and artificially created national boundaries. These studies are likely to be unsuitable for Asian markets where regional and ethnic boundaries are more likely to be different to political boundaries and where a number of culturally different regions and ethnic groups are to be found within the same political boundary. Furthermore, the reliance on ‘western’ based cultural dimensions ignores the existence of indigenous cultural traits that are unique to Asian markets. For example, whereas Hofstede (1980, 1991, 2001) bipolarizes national cultures in terms of ‘either/or’ dimensions such as femininity vs. masculinity, the Asian worldview and life style is intrinsically ‘both/and’ and
Anisotropy of the Taylor scale and the correlation scale in plasma sheet magnetic field fluctuations as a function of auroral electrojet activity

[1] Magnetic field data from the Cluster spacecraft in the magnetospheric plasma sheet are employed to determine the correlation scale and the magnetic Taylor microscale from simultaneous multiple-point measurements for multiple intervals over a range of mean magnetic field directions for three different levels of geomagnetic activity. We have determined that in the plasma sheet the correlation scale along the mean magnetic field direction decreases from 19,500 ± 2200 to 13,100 ± 700 km as the auroral electrojet activity increases from quiet ( 200 nT). The reverse occurs for the correlation scale perpendicular to the magnetic field, which increases from 8200 ± 600 km to 13,000 ± 2100 km as the auroral electrojet activity increases from quiet to active conditions. This variation of the correlation scale with geomagnetic activity may mean either a change in the scale size of the turbulence driver or may mean a change in the predominance of one over another type of turbulence driving mechanism. Unlike the correlation scale, the Taylor scale does not show any clear variation with geomagnetic activity. We find that the Taylor scale is longer parallel to the magnetic field than perpendicular to it for all levels of geomagnetic activity. The correlation and Taylor scales may be used to estimate the effective magnetic Reynolds numbers separately for each angular channel. Reynolds numbers were found to be approximately independent of the angle relative to the mean magnetic field. These results may be useful in magnetohydrodynamic modeling of the magnetosphere and can contribute to our understanding of energetic particle diffusion in the magnetosphere.