Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Suppressive Role of Mitogen Inducible Gene-2 in Mesenchymal Cancer Cell Invasion

Cancer cell invasion of extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential for dissemination of cancer cells and metastasis. In this study, we have investigated the role of mitogen inducible gene-2 (Mig-2, also known as kindlin-2), a focal adhesion protein whose expression is altered in several types of human cancers, in mesenchymal cancer cell invasion. Mig-2 is abundantly expressed in SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma cells. The level of Mig-2, however, is considerably lower in more invasive HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells. Overexpression of Mig-2 in HT-1080 and SK-LMS-1 cells substantially reduced their ability to invade ECM in an in vitro Matrigel invasion assay. Conversely, knockdown of Mig-2 markedly increased the invasiveness of these cells. Consistent with a suppressive role in mesenchymal cancer cell invasion, Mig-2 inhibits urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) secretion and pericellular proteolysis. Overexpression of Mig-2 increased uPA accumulation at the intracellular face of cell-ECM adhesions and reduced the level of secreted uPA. Conversely, knockdown of Mig-2 reduced uPA accumulation at the intracellular face of cell-ECM adhesions and increased uPA secretion. Our results reveal an important role of Mig-2 in suppression of mesenchymal cancer cell invasion and shed new light on how altered Mig-2 expression could influence cancer cell invasion. (Mol Cancer Res 2008;6(5):715–24)
Quantum chemical studies of hydrate formation of h 2 so 4 and hso 4 –

We calculate structures and thermochemical parameters for H2SO4•(H2O)n, HSO4 •(H2O)n, H2SO4•NH3•(H2O)m and HSO4 •NH3•(H2O)m clusters (with n = 0 . 4 and m = 0 . 1) using the MP2/aug-cc-pV(D + d)Z quantum chemical method, with higher-order corrections computed at the MP2/aug-cc-pV(T + d)Z and MP4/aug-cc-pV(D + d)Z levels. Equilibrium constants for hydrate formation at different temperatures are computed using the quantum chemical results, and the predicted extent of hydrate formation is compared with experimental results. Hydrate distributions in different RH conditions are derived using the calculated free energies of hydration. The results show that the hydrogensulfate ion is in all conditions much more strongly hydrated than the neutral sulfuric acid molecule. The high-level thermodynamic data calculated for the clusters agree with the experimental data, and the presented hydrate model is expected to perform better than earlier versions based on less reliable quantum chemical data. A comparison to the ammonia-containing clusters indicates that ammonia probably plays at most a minor role in ion-induced nucleation involving the HSO4 – core ion.
Using electrical impedance to predict catheter-endocardial contact during RF cardiac ablation

During radio-frequency (RF) cardiac catheter ablation, there is little information to estimate the contact between the catheter tip electrode and endocardium because only the metal electrode shows up under fluoroscopy. We present a method that utilizes the electrical impedance between the catheter electrode and the dispersive electrode to predict the catheter tip electrode insertion depth into the endocardium. Since the resistivity of blood differs from the resistivity of the endocardium, the impedance increases as the catheter tip lodges deeper in the endocardium. In vitro measurements yielded the impedance-depth relations at 1, 10, 100, and 500 kHz. We predict the depth by spline curve interpolation using the obtained calibration curve. This impedance method gives reasonably accurate predicted depth. We also evaluated alternative methods, such as impedance difference and impedance ratio.
The evolution of stigmata of hemorrhage in bleeding peptic ulcers: a sequential endoscopic study.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Stigmata of hemorrhage in bleeding peptic ulcers have prognostic characteristics. In the present study, the evolution of these stigmata was studied prospectively using daily endoscopic examinations. PATIENTS AND METHODS From January 1989 to October 1989, 778 consecutive patients with bleeding peptic ulcers underwent endoscopy within 24 hours of admission. The bleeding peptic ulcers were assigned by three endoscopists to five categories, those with: a) active bleeding, b) a nonbleeding visible vessel, c) adherent clot, d) dot, or e) a clean base. Actively bleeding ulcers were treated by epinephrine injection. Ulcers with nonbleeding visible vessels, adherent clots, or dots were left untreated. Daily endoscopic examinations were carried out for three subsequent days, or until the ulcer base became clean. RESULTS On day 0, there were 56 actively bleeding ulcers (7%), 62 ulcers with visible vessels (8%), 104 with adherent clots (13%), 182 with flat dots (23%), and 374 with a white base (48%). On the subsequent three days, 24 of 62 ulcers with visible vessels (39%), 30 of 104 with adherent clots (29%), 24 of 182 with dots (13%), and 19 of 374 with a clean base (5%) on day 0 re-bled endoscopically or clinically, or both. The overall rebleeding risk was 9.9%, 4.9%, and 2.7% on days 1, 2, and 3, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Stigmata of hemorrhage in bleeding peptic ulcers are predictive of rebleeding. They represent intermediate phases in the evolution of bleeding vessels into clean-based ulcers. The associated rebleeding risk diminishes as the vessel disappears from the ulcer base.
What is the appropriate anticoagulation therapy in patients with a history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia?

References 1. Marcou TA, Marque S, Mazoit JX, et al. The median effective dose of tramadol and morphine for postoperative patients: a study of interactions. Anesth Analg 2005;100: 469–74. 2. Webb AR, Leong S, Myles PS, et al. The addition of a tramadol infusion to morphine patient-controlled analgesia after abdominal surgery: a double-blinded, placebocontrolled randomized trial. Anesth Analg 2002;95:1713–8. 3. Wiebalck A, Tryba M, Hoell T, et al. Efficacy and safety of tramadol and morphine in patients with extremely severe postoperative pain. Acute Pain 2000;3:113–9. 4. Dixon WJ. Staircase bioassay: the up-and-down method. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 1991;15:47–50. 5. Ruoff GE. Slowing the initial titration rate of tramadol improves tolerability. Pharmacotherapy 1999;19:88–93.
Kidney transplant candidates’ views of the transplant allocation system

ObjectivesThe point system used to distribute scarce transplantable kidneys places great emphasis on antigen matching. This contributes to increased waiting times for African Americans, who have a disporoportionate share of rare antigens. We conducted a pilot study to explore the understanding and attitudes of kidney transplant candidates toward the way the transplant allocation system trades off between antigen matching and waiting time.Measurements and main ResultsWe performed semistructured interviews of a convenience sample of 33 patients awaiting transplants in Philadelphia and its surrounding suburbs. Patients had a number of misconceptions about the transplant allocation system. Many incorrectly thought, for example, that quality of life and finacial status influence which patients on the walting list receive available organs. Despite these and other misconceptions, the majority of patients thought the allocation system was fair. However, many African Americans thought the system was biased against them because of their race. After hearing about how the transplant system factors antigen matching and waiting time into organ allocation, the majority of subjects still felt the system was fair. After hearing that the emphasis on antigen matching causes African Americans to wait twice as long as whites, a larger number of subjects thought the system was unfair. Nevertheless, few thought the system should be changed. Even African American patients who felt the system was unfair still approved of the emphasis on antigen matching out of a desire to have a successful kidney transplant.ConclusionsWe found that most of the interviewed patients awaiting kidney transplant thought the system should continue to emphasize antigen matching. Although attitudes toward the allocation system differed by race, with African American patients more suspicious of the system, the importance patients placed on antigen matching did not appear to differ by race.
Hydatid Cyst: Open or Laparoscopic Approach? A Retrospective Analysis

Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the reliability and feasibility of the laparoscopic approach in hydatid cyst cystectomy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of the medical records of 21 patients diagnosed with hydatid cyst disease between July 1999 and January 2011 was conducted at Van State Hospital and Toyota Emergency Hospital. Two patients with calcified cysts were excluded. Hydatid cystectomy was performed by laparoscopy (LC) in 7 patients and by laparotomy (OC) in 12 patients. The preoperative and postoperative parameters were compared. Results: There were 11 female (52.3%) and 8 male (47.7%) patients with a mean age of 31.7 years (range, 14 to 50 y). The mean duration of hospitalization was 4.8 days (range, 2 to 15 d). Recurrence was not seen in any cases in both groups. The morbidity rates of LC and OC were 14.2% and 33.3%, respectively. The most frequent postoperative complications were wound infections (1 case in LC and 3 cases in OC), hemorrhage (1 patient in the OC group), and hernia (as the late complication in 2 patients in the OC group). The operation success was graded as excellent in 18 patients and good in 1 patient. Conclusions: The laparoscopic technique is an easy-to-apply, safe, and effective method to conduct liver and spleen hydatid cyst surgery. This technique can be used in patients with unique, small-sized, superficially located cysts, and also has the advantages of other abdominal laparoscopic operations.
Menstrual and hormonal alterations in juvenile dermatomyositis.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate age at menarche, menstrual cycles and hormone profile in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) patients and controls. METHODS Twelve consecutive JDM patients were compared to 24 age-matched healthy subjects. Age at menarche and age of maternal menarche were recorded. Menstrual cycle was evaluated prospectively for 6 consecutive months and the mean cycle length and flow were calculated. The hormone profile was collected on the last menstrual cycle. Demographic data, clinical features, muscle enzymes, JDM scores and treatment were analysed. RESULTS The median of current age of JDM patients and controls was similar (18 vs. 17 years, p=0.99). The median age at menarche of the JDM patients was higher than in the control group (13 vs. 11 years, p=0.02) whereas the median age of maternal menarche was alike in both groups (12 vs. 13 years, p=0.67). Menstrual disturbances were not observed, except for one patient who had longer length of menstrual cycle. The median of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) was significantly higher in JDM patients compared to controls (4.5 vs. 3.0 IU/L, p=0.02) and none of them had premature ovarian failure (POF). The median of progesterone was significantly lower in JDM patients (0.3 vs. 0.7 ng/mL, p=0.01) with a higher frequency of decreased progesterone compared to controls (75% vs. 29%, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies in JDM patients delayed menarche with normal cycles and low follicular reserve. The decreased progesterone levels may suggest an underlying subclinical corpus luteum dysfunction in this disease.
Dopamine transporter immunoreactivity in monkey cerebral cortex: Regional, laminar, and ultrastructural localization

Dopamine (DA) influences a number of cognitive and motor functions that are mediated by the primate cerebral cortex, and the DA membrane transporter (DAT) is known to be a critical regulator of DA neurotransmission in subcortical structures in rodents. To gain insight into the possible functional role of cortical DAT, we compared the regional, laminar, and ultrastructural distribution of DAT immunoreactivity to that of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate‐limiting enzyme in DA synthesis, in the cerebral cortex of macaque monkeys. DAT‐immunoreactive (DAT‐IR) axons were present throughout the cortical mantle, with substantial differences in density and laminar distribution across cytoarchitectonic areas. In particular, high densities of DAT‐IR axons were present in certain regions (e.g., posterior parietal cortex, dentate gyrus) not previously thought to receive a substantial DA input. The laminar distribution of DAT‐IR axons ranged from a restricted localization of labeled axons to layer 1 in lightly innervated regions to the presence of axons in all six cortical layers, with a particularly dense plexus in deep layer 3, in highly innervated regions. These regional and laminar patterns paralleled those of TH‐IR axons, but several differences in fiber morphology and ultrastructural localization of DAT were observed. For example, in contrast to TH, DAT immunoreactivity in the cortex was localized predominantly to small‐diameter profiles, whereas, in the dorsolateral caudate nucleus, DAT and TH immunoreactivities were present in both large‐diameter and small‐diameter profiles, which may represent varicose and intervaricose axon segments, respectively. Overall, the distribution of DAT‐IR axons confirms and extends the results of previous reports, using other markers of DA axons, that the DA innervation of the primate cerebral cortex is global but specialized on both a regional basis and a laminar basis. In particular, these observations reveal an anatomical substrate for a direct and potent influence of DA over neuronal activity in posterior parietal cortex and in certain regions of the temporal lobe. However, due to its predominant distribution to small‐diameter profiles, immunoreactivity for DAT may not be an appropriate ultrastructural marker for larger DA varicosities in the primate cortex. Moreover, this distribution of DAT suggests that cortical DA fibers may permit greater neurotransmitter diffusion than subcortical DA axons. J. Comp. Neurol. 432:119–136, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Police Responses to Cases of Officer-Involved Domestic Violence: The Effects of a Brief Web-Based Training

No national research has examined the effect of law enforcement officer training on the problem of officerinvolved domestic violence (OIDV). This study investigated responses of officers (n = 852) to case scenarios of OIDV before and after they participated in the National Prevention Toolkit on OIDV, an online training. Officers were asked how likely they were to take particular actions, including assisting a victim in finding help for domestic violence, arresting the perpetrating officer, and filing an internal report against the officer. Officers’ responses from preto posttraining indicated their increased likelihood of reacting to scenarios with desirable, victim-supportive behaviours including an increased likelihood of arrest and filing of internal reports. Officers indicated that the Toolkit would influence them and others to intervene in suspected cases of OIDV. Limitations of the methods are discussed. Implications for research, advocacy, and training are provided.
S1 Appendix: Optimization modeling framework

We formulate two optimization models (primary and secondary) and employ a post-processing step, which together allocate available discretionary doses to locations and, in turn, to prespecified priority groups, seeking proportional fairness with policy simplicity and geographic equity in mind. The objective of the primary model is proportional fairness while the objectives of the secondary model are policy simplicity and geographic equity. We describe the two models and the post-processing step in detail below.
Skeletal Angiomatosis in Association with Gastro-Intestinal Angiodysplasia and Paraproteinemia: A Case Report

Skeletal-extraskeletal angiomatosis is defined as a benign vascular proliferation involving the medullary cavity of bone and at least one other type of tissue. It has also been known as cystic angiomatosis in which multiple cystic lesions are scattered diffusely throughout the skeleton often with similar angiomatous changes in other tissues, usually the spleen. A case of skeletal angiomatosis in association with gastro-intestinal angiodysplasia and paraproteinemia is reported.
Environmental Impact and Nutritional Improvement of Elevated CO2 Treatment: A Case Study of Spinach Production

The agriculture sector is known to be the one of the major contributors to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. At the same time, global climate changes have affected the agriculture sector. In order to strengthen the sustainable development of agriculture, it is important to promote environmentally friendly farming and simultaneously increase the economic value. To improve the productivity of agriculture, technical advancements have occurred. Among those, we have focused on CO2 treatment in cultivation. We aimed to clarify the effectiveness of the elevated CO2 treatment of spinach based on GHG emission and the economic value using the eco-efficiency score. We assumed that nutrition could represent the value of the vegetable. We measured weights, vitamin C, and CO2 emissions of elevated CO2 treatment and conventional production. We used life cycle assessment (LCA) to estimate CO2 emissions. CO2 emissions of a 100-g bouquet of spinach were estimated from agricultural inputs, farming, transport, and distribution center processes at a model spinach farm in Japan. CO2 emission of elevated CO2 treatment was 29.0 g-CO2, and was 49.0 g-CO2 for conventional production. The net weight of a bouquet of elevated CO2-treated spinach was 1.69-fold greater than that of conventional production. Vitamin C per 100 g spinach produced via elevated CO2 treatment was 15.1 mg, and that of conventional production was 13.5 mg on average. Finally, based on the above results, we assessed the eco-efficiency scores of the elevated CO2 treatment and conventional production of spinach, enabling integration of the nutritional value and the environmental impact. The score showed that elevated CO2 treatment (0.76) was 2.9-fold more efficient than conventional production (0.26). This study suggested that elevated CO2 treatment could enhance growth and nutritional value of spinach, and further contribute to CO2 reduction.
Chemical Therapeutics The Novel Chk 1 Inhibitor MK-8776 Sensitizes Human Leukemia Cells to HDAC Inhibitors by Targeting the Intra-S Checkpoint and DNA Replication and Repair

Interactions between the novel Chk1 inhibitor MK-8776 and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor (HDACI) vorinostat were examined in human leukemia cells harboring wild-type (wt) or deficient p53. MK8776 synergistically potentiated vorinostat-mediated apoptosis in various p53-wt or -deficient leukemia cell lines, whereas p53 knockdown by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) sensitized p53-wt cells to lethality of this regimen. Leukemia cell lines carrying FLT3-ITD were also sensitive to the MK-8776/vorinostat regimen. Synergistic interactions were associated with inhibition of Chk1 activity, interference with the intra-S-phase checkpoint, disruption of DNA replication, and downregulation of proteins involved inDNA replication (e.g., Cdt1) and repair (e.g., CtIP and BRCA1), resulting in sharp increases in DNA damage, reflected by enhanced g-H2A.X formation, and apoptosis. Moreover, leukemia cells expressing kinase-dead Chk1 (D130A) or Chk1 shRNA were significantly more sensitive to HDACIs compared with their wt counterparts and displayed downregulation of CtIP and BRCA1 phosphorylation following HDACI exposure. Finally, the MK-8776/ vorinostat regimen was active in primary acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) blasts, particularly against the CD34þ/CD38 /CD123þpopulation enriched for leukemia-initiating cells. In contrast, identical regimenswere relatively sparing toward normal cord bloodCD34þ cells. Together, these findings indicate that the novel Chk1 inhibitor MK-8776 markedly potentiates HDACI lethality in leukemia cells displaying various genetic backgrounds through mechanisms involving disruption of the intra-S checkpoint, DNA replication, and DNA repair. They also argue that leukemic cells, including those bearing oncogenic mutations associated with poor prognosis, for example, p53 deletion/mutation or FLT3-ITD, may also be susceptible to this strategy. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(6); 1–12. 2013 AACR.
Molecular virology of hepatitis C virus.

IP: 54.70. 40.11 On: Tue, 11 Dec 2018 17:16:26 Journal of General Virology (1997), 78, 2397–2410. Printed in Great Britain .
Report cards and nursing homes.

PURPOSE We first describe which states have produced nursing home report cards; second, we compare what information is provided in these report cards; third, we identify data sources used to produce the report cards; and, finally, we examine seven factors previously shown to be associated with the usefulness of report-card information and provide several examples from current reporting efforts to illustrate how nursing home report cards could be improved. DESIGN AND METHODS We searched the Web sites for each state agency responsible for elder affairs-nursing homes. For those states identified as having a nursing home report card, we further examined the information presented. RESULTS We identified 19 states as having nursing home report cards (AZ, CO, FL, IL, IN, IO, MD, MA, MS, NV, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, TX, UT, VT, and WI). The information presented in these report cards differs quite substantially across states, although the data sources for report cards do not differ substantially. How the information is presented and our evaluation of the usefulness of the information is also highly varied. IMPLICATIONS Providing nursing home report-card information may be important in helping elders and their families choose a nursing facility. With 19 states identified in our research as providing nursing home report-card information on the World Wide Web, we were surprised and encouraged at this number of initiatives. We give some insight into the kinds of information that can be found on these report cards and what steps could be taken to improve how the information is presented.
Endoscopy findings in HIV-infected children from sub-Saharan Africa.

BACKGROUND The causes of persistent gastro-intestinal symptoms in HIV-infected children from sub-Saharan Africa remain poorly documented. METHODS The clinical, radiological and endoscopic findings of all HIV-infected children who underwent upper GI endoscopy at Red Cross Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa, from February 2003 to October 2005 were documented. RESULTS Twenty-six HIV-infected children underwent endoscopy; median age 1 year (range: 0.17-10.9 years). The majority had advanced HIV disease; 18 (69%) were WHO Stage 4; median CD4 10.7% (range: 1-39.8%). Presenting symptoms included persistent vomiting (18), dysphagia (4) and GIT bleed (6). Observational and histological findings showed poor correlation. Pathogens were identified in 10 children: cytomegalovirus infection in seven (two with cryptosporidium co-infection), Candida in two, Helicobacter pylori in one. Age and CD4 count were not associated with the pathogens. Endoscopy findings influenced clinical management in 21 (81%) cases. CONCLUSION Upper-GI endoscopy identified a diverse spectrum of disease and provided information that would be clinically relevant to most HIV-infected children with upper gastro-intestinal symptoms.