Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE SPATIAL PATTERN OF URBANIZATION AND SMALL CITIES DEVELOPMENT IN CENTRAL JAVA: A CASE STUDY OF SEMARANG-YOGYAKARTA-SURAKARTA REGION

The special form of urbanization in Indonesia has led to a variety of themes on the urban development studies in Indonesia. Since 1990s, there has been an emphasis on the development of mega-urban regions, particularly those surrounding Jakarta as the biggest and the prime city in Indonesia. This research is aimed at elaborating the previous knowledge on the urbanization pattern in Indonesia, and Java in particular. More specifically, this study examines urban development trend in Central Java. The analysis of urbanization in this study can be classified into two categories, i.e. analysis of the urbanization level and analysis of the urbanization growth. These two analyses are combined by applying some GIS methods in order to understand the pattern of urbanization in the region. It is found that the urbanization process in Central Java has transformed the predominantly rural regions in the 1980s into the urban ones. The rapid growth of urban population forms some observable pattern that may be different to the national pattern. There are common spatial patterns, such as the importance of the coastal region and the essential role of the larger urban centers in the urbanization. In this regards, the emergence of the smaller centers has also contributed to the process, especially in bridging a more balanced development between major urban centers and their respective rural hinterland.
True Value of Feeding Canola Meal

Canola meal has been described in the past as a protein source that was readily degraded in the rumen, highly fibrous, poorly digested, low energy, and sometimes poorly palatable. Values in feed tables and feed formulation programs in general would not encourage use of this meal. In spite of such apparently poor quality, the use of canola meal by the dairy industry in the USA has been accelerating, with imports more than doubling in the last 10 years (Figure 1).
Modeling of Weakly Conducting Thin Sheets in the Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Shielding Effectiveness Evaluation

This paper presents a modeling of weakly conducting thin sheets in the time domain discontinuous Galerkin method. This interface condition is used to avoid the mesh of resistive sheets in order to evaluate the shielding effectiveness in high frequency electromagnetic compatibility problems. This condition is valid when the thickness of the sheet is smaller than the skin depth. This approach is validated by a comparison with an analytical solution. A 1D two sheets example, 2D and 3D cavities are treated to illustrate the efficiency of the condition. Index Terms – Discontinuous Galerkin, resistive sheet, and shielding effectiveness.
Relationship between Organizational Factors and Corporate Entrepreneurship: A Study of Iranian Small and Medium Enterprises

The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between organizational factors and corporate entrepreneurship in Iranian SMEs. Organizational factors consist of management support, organizational values, organizational culture, formal control, work independency and empowerment, environmental monitoring, and organizational communication. 251 data gathered from 50 Iranian SMEs. The result of multiple regression analysis showed that all factors have significant and positive effects on corporate entrepreneurship. The highest impact referred to work independency and empowerment while the lowest impact referred to organizational culture.
The Impact of Monitoring and the Affective Relationship between Parents and Adolescents on Problem Behavior in High School

Some researchers have suggested that the parent/adolescent affective relationship is key to understanding adolescent disclosure to parents regarding their activities (Kerr, Stattin, & Burk, 2010); however, other researchers do not feel that the parent/adolescent affective relationship explains enough variance in adolescent disclosure (Fletcher, Steinberg, & Williams-Wheeler, 2004). These models, however, have not tested for sex differences, which previous researchers suggest exist (Keijers, Branje, Finkenauer, & Meeus, 2010). Participants (N = 464; 50% female) were part of the Childhood and Beyond Study, which began during the 1986-87 school year. Data were collected from three different cohorts of participants across 13 years. This study focused on data collected from Wave 5 (1993-94) through Wave 9 (1998-99), when participants were in middle and high school. This study also examined two related models of parenting behaviors across time. The first model examined the effects of each parenting practice (monitoring and the affective relationship) on Problem Behavior separately. The second model looked at how the co-occurrence of these parenting behaviors over time affects Problem Behavior. Results indicate that both the relationship with parents and Monitoring Success are important in predicting Problem Behaviors during senior year. PARENTING AND PROBLEM BEHAVIOR iii
Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) among urban school children in Puducherry

In many population based studies, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) is considered as a simple and useful screening method for persons with respiratory problems. PEFR may also vary with environment, region and anthropometric factors. The present study was aimed to construct a PEFR nomogram in normal urban school children (10-12yrs) in Puducherry. Methodology: An exploratory study was conducted among 792 (432 boys and 360 girls) urban government school children who did not have any episode of respiratory discomforts during the past three month by adhering to sampling procedure of proportionate stratified random sampling method. PEFR was measured using Mini-Wright Peak Flow Meter and the highest among the three values was taken for consideration. Height, weight and chest circumference were measured using standard prescribed methods and tools. Correlation and linear regression analysis were used to formulate PEFR nomogram. Results: Mean PEFR of 792 students who participated in the study was 324.7±66.1 L/Min (boys – 327.4 L/Min and girls – 319.9 L/Min). PEFR has strong positive correlation with age (r = 0.51, p<0.01), height (r = 0.98, p<0.01), weight (0.79, p<0.01). The prediction equations for PEFR were determined for boys and girls separately. The boys had higher values than the girls, the regression equation for PEFR based on height was PEFR = 8.91 × height in cms – 917.30 (for every 1cm increase in height, PEFR increases by 8.91 L/Min) for boys and PEFR = 8.22 × height in cms – 859.3 (for every 1cm increase in height, PEFR increases by 8.22 L/Min) for girls. Conclusion: Findings revealed that PEFR values showed linear relation to height, which being the best predicted variable. The nomogram constructed from the present study was found more or less similar with previously published data. Therefore, it would be more appropriate for each region and country to generate its own region reference values.
Food Consumption Expenditure and Habit Formation: Evidence from Japanese Household Panel Data

Because habit formation among consumers preference has strong influence on policy effects, it is crucially important for public policy management. In this article, I estimate the Euler equation allowing habit formation based on Dynan (2000), using data from the Japanese Panel Survey of Consumers (JPSC) for the period 2000-2004, and compare my estimation results with those of previous studies. Like Dynan (2000) and Guariglia and Rossi (2002), my estimation results yield no evidence of habit formation. And as Guariglia and Rossi (2002), my results are consistent with the durability of consumption.
The Contribution of American Sign Language to Sign-Print Bilingualism in Children

Sign languages serve as successful communication, providing access to spontaneous, interactive language for some individuals with a hearing loss. However, for these individuals there is a concern for the development of reading skills in a second language, a bilingual task. Previous studies indicated that a correlation exists between sign language knowledge and written language comprehension for older children and adults. The current study examines the predictive relationship between American Sign Language (ASL) knowledge and the developing English reading skills for children in 1st and 2nd grade. The results of this study indicated that ASL knowledge was a leading indicator of later English reading ability, providing evidence that sign language is a strong predictive factor in enabling young deaf children to acquire reading ability in a second language.
Media Coverage of Muslim Devotion: A Four-Country Analysis of Newspaper Articles, 1996–2016

Scholars have identified Muslims’ religiosity and faith practices, often believed to be more intense than those of other religious groups, as a point of friction in liberal democracies. We use computer-assisted methods of lexical sentiment analysis and collocation analysis to assess more than 800,000 articles between 1996 and 2016 in a range of British, American, Canadian, and Australian newspapers. We couple this approach with human coding of 100 randomly selected articles to investigate the tone of devotion-related themes when linked to Islam and Muslims. We show that articles touching on devotion are not as negative as articles about other aspects of Islam—and indeed that they are not negative at all, on average, when focused on a key subset of devotion-related articles. We thus offer a new perspective on the perception of Islamic religiosity in Western societies. Our findings also suggest that if newspapers strive to provide a more balanced portrayal of Muslims and Islam within their pages, they may seek opportunities to include more frequent mentions of Muslim devotion.
The Impact of Financial Crises on Trade Flows: A Developing Country Perspective

The global financial crisis has hit hard international trade that dropped below levels not seen since the Great Depression with disastrous consequences for the developing world. This paper estimates an extended gravity model of trade on a sample of 83 developing countries over the period 1990-2007 to shed light on how banking crises and global economic downturns affect bilateral exports flows from developing countries. In addition to traditional variables, we include a trade finance variable and foreign aid among the regressors. Differences between developing regions are taken into account. Our results show that (i) trade finance has a positive and significant impact on bilateral export flows in all developing regions except Latin America; (ii) foreign aid matters in all regions; (iii) global economic downturns exert a negative and significant impact on export flows in all developing countries, and especially in Latin American and Sub-Saharan African economies; (iv) banking crises appear to have no significant impact in most regions.
Hospital Employment and Local Unemployment: Evidence from French Health Reforms

We here ask whether French local authorities respond to depressed local labour markets by increasing employment in State-owned hospitals. We use 2006-2010 panel data to examine within-hospital employment changes: higher local unemployment is associated with greater employment in State-owned hospitals, but not for any other hospital type. Our data cover a reimbursement reform introducing competition between hospitals. This reform reduced public-hospital employment, but had no overall effect on the relationship between public-hospital employment and local unemployment. Further analysis shows that this continuing relationship is only found in higher unemployment areas, where public-hospital employment remained counter-cyclical.
Consequences of a severe drought on spatial patterns of woody plants in a two-phase mosaic steppe of Stipa tenacissima L.

Abstract The establishment and development of the plants of S. tenacissima L. organize a source–sink pattern of water and sediments from bare soil areas to tussocks on mountain slopes forming small terraces or terracettes upslope of tussocks. We hypothesized that terracettes enhance woody plant survival compared with woody plants on bare soil. We examined this hypothesis at three locations in south-eastern Spain after a severe drought from 1993 to 1995. The spatial association of individual plants and the pattern of plant mortality support the hypothesis that the terracettes formed by S. tenacissima tussocks facilitate woody plants. The prediction that facilitation dominates interference during stress periods such as drought was supported by mortality patterns. Drought effects alone do not explain spatial patterns of woody plants in the two-phase mosaic steppe of Stipa tenacissima .
Light-induced behavioural effects on the locomotor activity rhythm of the blow fly, Calliphora vicina (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Under continuous light (LL) of low intensity (up to 2.0 lux), the free-running period of the blow fly activity rhythm lengthened for flies whose initial τDD was less than about 25 h, but shortened for longer-period flies. Light intensity above about 2.0 lux led to an overt behavioural arrhythmicity. A comparison of phases of the oscillation after LL as a function of phases before LL, however, indicated that the oscillation continued its motion even though overt behaviour was arrhythmic. As the intensity during LL increased to 48 lux, phases after LL became centred on a narrow range close to CT 12. Extended periods of brighter light are considered to have two effects: (a) an exogenous "masking" effect occurring at intensities greater than about 2.0 lux, and (b) at intensities between about 2.0 and 48 lux, a gradual resetting of the covert oscillator to CT 12. Between 2.0 and 48 lux, therefore, the circadian oscillation governing locomotor activity in C. vicina continues its motion despite the superficial arrhythmicity in behaviour.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EFL TEACHERS' BELIEFS AND TEACHING STYLE IN ENGLISH CLASSROOM MANAGMENT OF GACHSARAN'S LANGUAGE INSTITUTES

Nowadays, classroom management styles and procedures are the most influential elements in education systems. This study seeked to investigate the EFL teachers’ beliefs and teaching styles in Iranian language institutes. Fifty EFL teachers from Gachsaran, Iran, participated in the present study. The Barbara (2008) questionnaire and Grasha-Riechmann (1996) were used; moreover, an interview with the participants was scheduled in order to collect the necessary data for the study. The results of the study revealed that class disruption and incivility is quite common in Iranian classrooms and it is mostly done by male students. The findings of the study also indicated that Iranian teachers usually match their teaching styles and techniques with the students’ needs; furthermore, they believe that training may help teachers to improve their abilities and proficiency in teaching. The findings of the current study could be accommodating for teachers and students in teaching and learning English.
Urban Communication Research| Decentering Media Studies, Verbing the Audience: Methodological Considerations Concerning People’s Uses of Media in Urban Space

Media studies scholars are invited today to address the pervasive mediation of contemporary cities, together with researchers from human geography, urban studies, science and technology studies, and mobility studies. Current studies of people’s uses of media in urban space, in particular, could play a central role in shedding light on the mediatedness of urban daily life. Drawing on a review of this specific strand of research within the broader field of “urban media studies,” the article argues that participation in the interdisciplinary endeavor runs the risk of being hindered by overly media-centric methodological procedures. Their restrictive implications are most problematic in the taken-for-granted employment of “urban audience” and “urban media user” as key concepts in the study of how people use media in urban space. What we propose instead is to demarcate the research object by proceeding from the primary importance of urban practices. This methodological decentering of media necessitates the “verbing” of the notion of audience, thereby shifting the research focus to the activity of “audiencing” (media-related or not) and its interrelations with other urban activities.
Textual Sentiment in Finance: A Survey of Methods and Models

We survey the textual sentiment literature, comparing and contrasting the various information sources, content analysis methods, and empirical models that have been used to date. We summarize the important and influential findings about how textual sentiment impacts on individual, firm-level and market-level behavior and performance, and vice versa. We point to what is agreed and what remains controversial. Promising directions for future research are emerging from the availability of more accurate and efficient sentiment measures resulting from increasingly sophisticated textual content analysis coupled with more extensive field-specific dictionaries. This is enabling more wide-ranging studies that use increasingly sophisticated models to help us better understand behavioral finance patterns across individuals, institutions and markets.
The Building of Consent: Initiation Rituals and Students' Power Relations in the University of Coimbra

This article covers three areas. The first (i) gives a brief historical overview of the University of Coimbra and outlines some of the academic traditions, as well as violent behaviour associated with the initiation rituals (known as Praxe). The second area (ii) explores the possible links between these rituals and various cultural and socio-political movements, especially during the authoritarian regime. Finally (iii), the study analyses the most recent trends of the phenomenon in Portugal. The research purpose is to reveal the massive dimension of this phenomenon and its specificities in the case of Coimbra, the hometown of the Portuguese university where all these rituals started, about 700 years ago. The article is based upon a qualitative and reflexive methodology, and the empirical data has been gathered, firstly, from historical documentation and secondly, by permanent and direct observation over more than 30 years of living and dealing (as a professor) with the daily life of students in this city. This became a public issue after a number of controversial incidents, with trends very often shifting towards abuse, humiliation and violence. The culture of submission in the face of power that most initiation rituals foster seems to express a dormant tendency in society, where consumerist individualism is combined in a perverse way with mechanisms of avoidance and unconditional surrender to disciplinary rationales of a despotic nature.
Use of Multiple Assessments for Measuring Teacher Practice: An Initial Investigation for Educational Practice

The present study examined the relationship between observer scores on three unique classroom observational assessments: the Danielson Framework for Teaching, the Classroom Strategies Assessment System, and the Instructional Learning Opportunities Guidance System. Each observational assessment measures teaching practices from a different theoretical perspective and methodological framework. Nine observers were trained to criterion for each measure and independently coded a series of ten classroom videos from teachers in Grades K to 12 using the FFT, CSAS, and MyiLOGS. Viewing order of the videos and measure completion for each observer was randomized to prevent presentation order bias. Pearson correlations were computed between measures. Findings indicated that the measures offer conceptually similar and dissimilar constructs, and yield complementary information for educator evaluation practices. Implications for research, practice, and policy are presented.
Hydrodynamic model for the plasma-gas flow in a cutting torch nozzle

We present a simple hydrodynamic model to obtain the profiles of the relevant physical quantities along a nozzle of arbitrary cross-section in a cutting torch. The model uses a two-zone approximation (a hot central plasma carrying the discharge current wrapped by a relatively cold gas which thermally isolates the nozzle wall from the plasma). Seeking for a solution with sonic conditions at the nozzle exit, the model allows expressing all the profiles in terms of the externally controlled parameters of the torch (geometry of the torch, discharge current, mass flow of the gas and plenum pressure) and the values of the arc and gas temperatures at the nozzle entrance. These last two values can be estimated simply appealing to energy conservation in the cathode-nozzle region. The model contains additional features compared with previous reported models, while retaining simplicity. The detailed consideration of an arc region coupled to the surrounding gas dynamics allows determining voltage drops and consequent delivered power with less assumptions than those found in other published works, and at the same time reduces the set of parameters needed to determine the solution.
Identifying challenges in crowdfunded product development: a review of Kickstarter projects

This paper provides an empirical review of the reward-based crowdfunding platform Kickstarter.com, with the aim to explore and identify challenges in crowdfunded product development, which consequently can lead to failure of the crowdfunding campaign. The review was based on the analysis of a total of 144 successfully funded ‘technology’ campaigns, which all concerned the creation of physical consumer hardware preordered by campaign backers. The analysis was built around a failure mode model, which was established through a pre-study. The study reveals that (i) no more than 32% of the campaigns managed to deliver the crowdfunded products on time, and, if campaigns are delayed, (ii) there is a significantly higher probability that the delivered products might lack expected attributes. The causes for delay have many reasons, but (iii) a set of particular product development issues were identified as the main challenges. A better understanding of crowdfunded product development can help researchers and practitioners to better understand and utilize the opportunities of this new product development paradigm.
Factors associated with nest- and roost-burrow selection by burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) on the Canadian prairies

We examined nest- and roost-burrow characteristics from a declining population of burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia (Molina, 1782)) in Saskatchewan. Between 1992 and 2003, 84% of the 584 nests we found were in grass- land pastures, even though these pastures constituted only 7% of the potentially available nesting area within our study area. In contrast, less than 3% of nests were in crop fields, despite these fields comprising 90% of the potentially available area. Within grassland pastures, owls selected nest burrows in areas with a higher density of burrows within 75 m (11.1 burrows/ha) compared with non-nest burrows of similar dimensions (5.6 burrows/ha). Richardson's ground squirrels (Spermophilus richardsonii (Sabine, 1822)) and badgers (Taxidea taxus (Schreber, 1777)) are the primary ex- cavators of suitable nesting burrows in prairie Canada. In our study area, burrowing owls chose to nest and roost in badger-sized burrows, selecting those with taller tunnel entrances and soil mounds relative to unused burrows. We sug- gest that management for burrowing owl nesting habitat in Canada should consider the owls' avoidance of crop fields and their preference for grassland pastures. Managers should also consider the owls' apparent preference for nesting in areas of high burrow densities and their selection of badger-sized burrows for nesting and roosting.