Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Composable modeling and distributed simulation framework for discrete supply-chain systems with predictive control

Supply-chain networks such as semiconductor manufacturing systems exhibit a high degree of structural and behavioral complexity. Simulation modeling concepts, approaches, and tools are the primary means for analysis and design of intricate behavior and relationships found in many of today's supply-chain networks. A fundamental barrier in developing rigorous simulation models of supply-chain systems is the necessity of using inherently different kinds of models and simulators. This is because no single modeling and simulation framework has been shown to adequately represent, at a realistic level of detail, a supply-chain system with tactical (short-term) control and strategic (long-term) planning policies. Composition of disparate model types affords rigorous synthesis of complementary classes of simulation, control, and optimization models. A novel framework using an approach called Knowledge Interchange Broker (KIB) was developed for composing the distinct classes of Discrete Event System Specification (DEVS), Model Predictive Control (MPC), and Linear Optimization (LP) models. First, the KIB model composability approach was employed to compose DEVS and MPC modeling formalisms. A KIBDEVS/MPC was developed and used to create a hybrid DEVSJAVA/MATLAB prototype environment. The benefits of simulating combined discrete-event and control-theoretic models was demonstrated against a scaled prototypical semiconductor supply-chain system. Then, the KIBDEVS/LP/MPC was developed to support composing models that can be described in DEVS, MPC, and LP modeling formalism. This novel KIB provides a set of suitable message mappings and transformations. A causal parallel execution protocol with logical time synchronization was devised and used to develop a prototype distributed simulation framework for DEVSJAVA, MATLAB, and OPLStudio, a linear optimization tool. The resulting simulation framework offers a basis for modeling complex discrete-part systems and, in particular, semiconductor manufacturing supply-chain systems.
Gut Transcription in Helicoverpa zea is Dynamically Altered in Response to Baculovirus Infection

The Helicoverpa zea transcriptome was analyzed 24 h after H. zea larvae fed on artificial diet laced with Helicoverpa zea single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HzSNPV). Significant differential regulation of 1,139 putative genes (p < 0.05 T-test with Benjamini and Hochberg False Discovery Rate) was detected in the gut epithelial tissue; where 63% of these genes were down-regulated and 37% of genes were up-regulated compared to the mock-infected control. Genes that play important roles in digestive physiology were noted as being generally down-regulated. Among these were aminopeptidases, trypsin-like serine proteases, lipases, esterases and serine proteases. Genes related to the immune response reacted in a complex nature having peptidoglycan binding and viral antigen recognition proteins and antiviral pathway systems down-regulated, whereas antimicrobial peptides and prophenoloxidase were up-regulated. In general, detoxification genes, specifically cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase were down-regulated as a result of infection. This report offers the first comparative transcriptomic study of H. zea compared to HzSNPV infected H. zea and provides further groundwork that will lead to a larger understanding of transcriptional perturbations associated with viral infection and the host response to the viral insult in what is likely the most heavily infected tissue in the insect.
On the Dynamics of a Closed Thermosyphon

This paper is concerned with the motion of a fluid due to natural convection in a closed loop. Under some suitable assumptions on the physical parameters involved, one is then led to the study of a nonlocal evolution system consisting of two coupled equations for the velocity and temperature of the fluid i.e., \[ \epsilon \frac{{d\upsilon}}{{dt}} = \oint T ( {x,t} )f( x )dx - g( \Re | \upsilon | )| \upsilon | \upsilon \quad \text{for } t > 0, \]\[ \frac{{\partial T}}{{\partial t}} + \upsilon\frac{{\partial T}}{{\partial x}} = \frac{1}{\epsilon }g( \Re | \upsilon | ) |\upsilon |( T_w ( x ) - T ). \] After obtaining existence and uniqueness for solutions of the corresponding initial value problem, the set of stationary solutions for large Reynolds numbers is described in detail. Finally, a stability analysis of these solutions is performed in such asymptotic limit. In the course of this study it is shown that, for large Reynolds numbers, essential information about the stationary solutions and their stabili.
Diagnostic procedures and surgical treatment of bone sarcomasExperience from the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group and Karolinska hospital

In 1979, the year when Scandinavian Sarcoma Group (SSG) was created, treatment of patients with osteosarcoma and Ewingʼs sarcoma was most often amputation. The diagnostic and preoperative tools were plain radiographs and sometimes CT and/or angiography. Histopathologic diagnosis was achieved by open biopsy. In the few cases treated by a local excision, reconstruction was performed with allografts or joint prostheses. The local recurrence rate after local excision of osteosarcoma was sometimes as high as 30% (Bauer et al. 1989). Despite these surgical efforts, most patients died in metastatic disease. At this time, Dr. Gerald Rosen had started adjuvant multidrug chemotherapy of patients with osteosarcoma or Ewingʼs sarcoma (Rosen at al. 1975, Rosen et al. 1981). At the Karolinska Hospital, Dr. Hans Strander used human leucocyte interferon, instead of chemotherapy, as an adjuvant treatment after surgery in patients with osteosarcoma (Strander 1977). In this presentation, we will focus on the progress, over the last 25 years, in the diagnostic procedures and surgical treatment of patients with osteosarcoma and Ewingʼs sarcoma in Scandinavia and our policy at the Karolinska Hospital.
Chronic expanding hematoma: mystery or misnomer?

243 Chronic Expanding Hematoma: Mystery or Misnomer? In a recent issue of AJR , Hwang et al. [1] described a unique pathologic process named as chronic expanding hematoma. As they correctly pointed out, most patients, particularly Japanese patients, developed a lesion in chronic tuberculous empyema [1–5]. Although long-standing growing hematoma has frequently been reported in patients with no history of hemophilia or other hemorrhagic diatheses, the concept of “chronic expanding hematoma” has been criticized. Bleeding episodes caused by vascular lesions of tuberculosis have been well described [6–8]. Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery may occur in the tuberculous cavities and may bleed massively (Rasmussen’s aneurysm) [8]. Thrombosis also occurs in branches of the pulmonary artery around the tuberculous foci (endarteritis obliterans), and the occlusion of pulmonary circulation results in the development of collateral systemic circulation through bronchial, intercostal, and other arteries in the chest wall [6]. Such collateral circulation may become the site of recurrent bleeding [9, 10]. Arteriographically, hypervascularity and enlarged vessels are common findings, and pseudoaneurysm is also seen in a small number of patients [9]. Aneurysms in unusual sites, including the internal mammary artery and aorta, have been reported [11, 12]. Vascular changes in chronic tuberculous empyema have been investigated at pathology and on CT scans [13, 14]. Increased vascularity and even angiomalike changes have been found in the empyema wall [14] (Fig. 1). In addition, we occasionally see active bleeding during percutaneous biopsy through the empyema. However, in the literature dealing with chronic expanding hematoma, the descriptions of the vascular changes are deficient, and in particular, arteriographic findings have not been documented [1–5, 15, 16]. Chronic expanding hematomas may also occur in the extremities [3, 15, 16]. Preexisting conditions including infection, history of surgery, or episodes of trauma are involved in most reported cases, but information on the arteriographic assessment is not available. Autonomic growth of subdural hematoma due to neomembrane formation by blood breakdown products has been shown experimentally [17], but it is not certain whether it is the main cause of extracranial hematoma formation. It is easier to accept hemorrhage due to vascular complications of chronic tuberculous infection as cause for a growing hematoma rather than primary chronic expanding hematoma, particularly for those who are familiar with chronic tuberculous infection. The possibility of a vascular complication of a preexisting condition, if one is present, should be considered for treatment of a growing hematoma. Shigeru Ehara Iwate Medical University School of Medicine Morioka 020-8505, Japan
Community analysis of the bacterial assemblages in the winter cover and pelagic layers of a high mountain lake by in situ hybridization

The bacterial community structure in the winter cover and pelagic zone of a high mountain lake was analyzed by in situ hybridization with fluorescently labeled rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. Cells fixed on membrane filters were hybridized with a probe specific for the domain Bacteria as well as with probes for the alpha, beta, and gamma subclasses of the class Proteobacteria and the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium group. The fraction of bacteria detectable after hybridization with the bacterial probe EUB ranged from 40 to 81% of 4(prm1),6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) counts. The bacterial assemblage varied considerably between and within different habitats (snow, slush, and lake water) but was in most cases dominated by members of the beta subclass (6.5 to 116% of bacteria detectable with probe EUB). The sum of bacteria hybridizing with group-specific probes was usually lower than the fraction detectable with probe EUB. Image analysis was used to characterize morphology and the size-specific biomass distribution of bacterial assemblages, which clearly separated the three habitats. Although the measured secondary production parameters and the fraction of 2-(p-iodophenyl)-3-(p-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyltetrazolium chloride-reducing bacteria varied by more than an order of magnitude in the different slush and pelagic layers, detectability with the fluorescent probe EUB was constantly high. Physiological strategies of bacteria under nutrient limitation and at low temperatures are discussed in the context of the ribosome content of single cells. This study confirms the suitability of fluorescently labeled rRNA-targeted probes for the characterization of bacterial population structures even in oligotrophic habitats.
The outcome of midwife-led labor in low-risk women within an obstetric referral unit

Abstract Objective: To analyze maternal and neonatal outcomes of midwife-led labor in low-risk women at term. Methods: Prospective observational cohort of 1788 singleton low-risk pregnancies in spontaneous term labor, managed according to a specific midwife-led labor protocol. Primary outcomes were mode of delivery, episiotomy, 3rd–4th degree lacerations, post-partum hemorrhage (PPH), need for blood transfusions, pH and Apgar score and NICU admissions. Results: A total 1754 low-risk women (50.3% of all deliveries) were included in the analysis. Epidural analgesia was performed in 29.8% of cases. The rate of cesarean section was 3.7%. Episiotomy was performed in 17.6% of women. PPH > 1000 ml occurred in 1.7% of cases. 3.2% and 0.3% of the cases had an Apgar score <7 and pH < 7.10, respectively, while 0.3% of the newborns were admitted to NICU. Consultant-led labor was required for emerging risk factors during 1st and 2nd stage of labor in 16.1 and 8.6% of cases, respectively. Although maternal outcome were worse in women with emerging risk factors in labor, while neonatal outcomes were not affected by the presence these complications. Conclusions: In hospital settings, midwife-led labor in low-risk women might unfold its major advantages without additional risks of medicalization for the mother and the neonate.
Interrupted Braided Sutures versus Running Monofilament Sutures in the Prevention of Abdominal Wound Dehiscence : A Prospective Nonrandomized Case-Control Trial

Objective: To compare the impact of interrupted braided suture to continuous monofilament sutures on the development of abdominal wound dehiscence in high risk patients. Methods: Clinical judgment and the Rotterdam risk score of abdominal wound dehiscence were used to identify 140 patients at high risk for abdominal wound dehiscence. Seventy high-risk patients who had their laparotomy wounds closed by interrupted braided suture (intervention group) were compared to a similar group of patients who had continuous monofilament suture closure (control group). Demographic, clinical and operative data of both groups were compared. The primary outcome was the occurrence of wound dehiscence either partial or complete. Secondary outcomes include development of wound infection and the 30-day mortality rate. The mean follow up period was 3 months (range 1-6 months). Results: There were 78 males and 62 females with a mean age of 62.2±13.0 years. Both groups were equivalent in terms of demographics, Rotterdam risk score, type of surgery and surgical incision. Wound dehiscence occurred equally in both groups (24.3 in control vs 22.9% in intervention group, p value 0.842) but evisceration was significantly reduced by the use of interrupted sutures (4.3 vs 14.3%, p value 0.042). The method of closure has no significant impact on infection and early mortality. Conclusion: Although method of closure did not affect the overall incidence of wound dehiscence, interrupted braided sutures significantly reduced occurrence of evisceration. This reduced the need for urgent revisional surgery but did not affect the early mortality rate. A larger randomized control trial with a longer follow up period is advised.
On electrostatic actuation beyond snapping condition

Electrostatic parallel-plate actuators are a common way of actuating MEMS devices, both statically and dynamically. In the static case, the actuation range is limited to 1/3 of the initial actuation gap, known as the static pull-in condition. Under dynamic actuation conditions, however, the travel range can be much extended. This paper extends the analysis of pull-in instability to the dynamic case and derives the analytical AC dynamic pull-in condition. This condition predicts snapping or pull-in of the structure for a given domain of DC and AC actuation voltages versus quality factor. Analytical and experimental results are presented to validate the dynamic pull-in condition
Anatomically shaped internal carotid artery aneurysm in vitro model for flow analysis to evaluate stent effect.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stent implantation alone might not be sufficient to produce definitive treatment of cerebral aneurysms. Therefore, extended experimental work is needed to improve results. We show the feasibility of using an in vitro anatomically shaped elastic model for flow evaluation before and after stent implantation. METHODS Based on human vascular casting, an anatomic elastic internal carotid artery model, including an aneurysm on the supraclinoid portion, was manufactured. The model was connected to a circulatory loop to simulate physiological flow. After visualization of the flow by using glass particles and laser sheet translumination, the digitally recorded data were transferred for computer analysis. Intra-saccular flow pattern changes and the vortex velocity reduction induced by the stent were investigated qualitatively and quantitatively. RESULTS The distal neck of the aneurysm behaved as a flow divider. Therefore, it was directly exposed to the hemodynamic stress. Inside the sac, a well-defined vortex formed and progressed along the wall toward the proximal neck. After stent implantation this pattern changed significantly; the vortex appeared more dispersed and its residence time increased. The velocity reduction was 32%. Velocity peak was observed close to the distal neck in both cases. CONCLUSION In vitro anatomic elastic models are feasible for flow evaluation with laser sheet translumination. In our model, stent implantation resulted in hemodynamic changes that might favor the exclusion of the aneurysm from the circulation and can prevent regrowth of the aneurysmal sac.
Witnessing Trauma in the Newsroom: Posttraumatic Symptoms in Television Journalists Exposed to Violent News Clips

Employees working in television newsrooms are exposed to video footage of violent events on a daily basis. It is yet unknown whether they subsequently develop symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder as has been shown for other populations exposed to trauma through television. We conducted an internet-based survey with 81 employees. Nearly 80% of the sample reported being familiar with recurring intrusive memories. However, the sample's overall posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms were low, although participants with a prior trauma, more general work stress, and a greater exposure to footage had a tendency to show more severe symptoms. Regarding general mental health, there were no differences compared with a journalistic control group. Results suggest that the population as such is not at a particular risk of developing mental problems.
Weak convergence to the Student and Laplace distributions

Abstract One often observed empirical regularity is a power-law behavior of the tails of some distribution of interest. We propose a limit law for normalized random means that exhibits such heavy tails irrespective of the distribution of the underlying sampling units: the limit is a t-distribution if the random variables have finite variances. The generative scheme is then extended to encompass classic limit theorems for random sums. The resulting unifying framework has wide empirical applicability which we illustrate by considering two empirical regularities in two different fields. First, we turn to urban geography and explain why city-size growth rates are approximately t-distributed, using a model of random sector growth based on the central place theory. Second, turning to an issue in finance, we show that high-frequency stock index returns can be modeled as a generalized asymmetric Laplace process. These empirical illustrations elucidate the situations in which heavy tails can arise.
Physiological and Performance Effects of Glycerol Hyperhydration for World Championship Distance Duathlons in Hot Conditions

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of preexercise glycerol hyperhydration on endurance performance in a heat chamber designed to simulate the World Championship Distance (WCD) duathlon (10km run, 40km ride, 5 km run). Duathlons are often performed in hot and humid conditions and as a result hydration is a major issue. Glycerol enhances the body’s capacity for fluid retention by inducing hyperhydration, which is theorized to improve thermoregulatory and cardiovascular responses, and thereby improve performance. Six well-trained athletes completed the testing protocol in a heat chamber at the La Trobe University Exercise Physiology Laboratory. Each testing session was approximately 4.5 hours in duration (2 hours of pre-exercise glycerol hyper-hydration followed by approximately 2.5 hours of exercise). The results showed an increased water retention pre-exercise and an improved overall performance of 2.04% was achieved by subjects ingesting the glycerol solution. Keywords—Endurance performance, glycerol hyperhydration, heat chamber.
The size of the lactose permease derived from rotational diffusion measurements.

The lactose permease of Escherichia coli was labeled with eosinyl‐maleimide, reconstituted into vesicles of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine and subjected to time‐dependent phosphorescence anisotropy measurements in order to determine the rotational diffusion coefficient. By comparison with bacteriorhodopsin, the diffusion coefficient is evaluated in terms of an effective radius of the lactose permease in the plane of the membrane. This radius amounts to 20 +/‐ 2 A which implies that the lactose permease is a monomer. The monomeric state is maintained in the presence of a membrane potential.
Auditory evoked magnetic fields after ischemic brain lesions

Auditory evoked magnetic fields to noise/square‐wave sequences, presented once every 2.2 seconds, were recorded in 8 patients who had ischemic lesions in the auditory cortex or in its vicinity. In 2 patients with large temporoparietal lesions, the magnetic 100‐msec deflection (N100m) was absent over the damaged side. In 1 patient with a large but less deep frontotemporal lesion, a small N100m could be discerned on the defective side. Frontal lesions or small lesions in the vicinity of the supratemporal plane had no effect on N100m. Auditory evoked magnetic field recordings may be useful in clinical studies of auditory cortical functions.
Predictors of Acute Child and Family Outcome following Traumatic Brain Injury in Children

Objective: To examine the relative contributions of injury severity, level of physical and cognitive disability, child behavior and family function to short-term outcome 6 months following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children. Design: Prospective, longitudinal, between-group design, comparing preinjury and postinjury measures of functional outcome across three levels of injury severity. Subjects: One hundred and twelve children, aged 2–12 years admitted to the Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, with a diagnosis of TBI. The sample was divided into three groups, according to injury severity: mild TBI (n = 31), moderate TBI (n = 52) and severe TBI (n = 29). Children with a history of neurologic, developmental and psychiatric disorder were excluded from participation. Main Outcome Measures: Levels of postinjury functioning in the following domains: physical function, cognitive ability (incorporating intellect, memory and attention), behavioral and family functioning, and level of family burden. Results: A clear dose-response relationship for physical and cognitive outcomes was found, with severe TBI associated with greater impairment of physical, intellectual, memory and attentional function. For psychosocial outcome, results were less clearly linked to injury severity. Preinjury behavioral and family functioning were closely related to postinjury function in these domains, with an interaction identified between family function and child behavior at 6 months postinjury. Family functioning remained unchanged postinjury, although level of burden was high, and predicted by injury severity, functional impairment and postinjury behavioral disturbance. Conclusions: These results suggest ongoing functional problems for the child and significant family burden 6 months following TBI. The nature and severity of physical and cognitive problems are most closely related to injury severity, with family functioning and child behavior better predicted by psychosocial and premorbid factors.