Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Short-term mitomycin C followed by long-term interferon alpha2beta for conjunctiva-cornea intraepithelial neoplasia.

PURPOSE To report a case of extensive conjunctiva-cornea intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) treated topically with mitomycin C (MMC) and interferon (INF)-alpha2beta without surgical resection. METHODS Case report. RESULTS : An 82-year-old woman showed an extensive gelatinous red mass in the bulbar conjunctiva with invasion into the caruncle, inferior fornix, and tarsal conjunctiva and extending for 270 degrees of the corneal surface. A diagnosis of CIN was made by surgical biopsy. Surgical excision with safety margins carried the risk of limbal stem cell depletion. A conservative treatment strategy was used with 2 cycles of topical MMC (0.02%), followed by INF-alpha2beta eye drops at a dose of 1 million IU/mL, 4 times a day until tumor disappearance. Total resolution was noted after 75 days of treatment with INF, with no clinical evidence of limbal stem cell deficiency. After 1 year of monitoring, no signs of CIN recurrences were observed. CONCLUSION MMC (0.02%), followed by INF-alpha2beta (1 million IU/mL) 4 times a day, is an effective treatment against highly extensive CIN, in cases where surgical resection with safety margins is unfeasible.
Quantitation of and superficial surgical landmarks for the anterior interosseous nerve.

OBJECT There are scant data regarding the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) in the neurosurgical literature. In the current study the authors attempt to provide easily identifiable superficial osseous landmarks for the identification of the AIN. METHODS The AIN in 20 upper extremities obtained in adult cadaveric specimens was dissected and quantified. Measurements were obtained between the nerve and surrounding superficial osseous landmarks. The AIN originated from the median nerve at mean distances of 5.4 cm distal to the medial epicondyle of the humerus and 21 cm proximal to the ulnar styloid process. The distance from the origin of the AIN to its branch leading to the flexor pollicis longus muscle and to the point it travels deep to the pronator quadratus (PQ) muscle measured a mean 4 and 14.4 cm, respectively. The mean distance from the AIN branch leading to the flexor pollicis longus muscle to the proximal PQ muscle was 12.1 cm, and the mean distance between this branch and the ulnar styloid process was 7.2 cm. The mean diameter of the AIN was 1.6 mm at the midforearm. CONCLUSIONS Additional landmarks for identification of the AIN can aid the neurosurgeon in more precisely isolating this nerve and avoiding complications. Furthermore, after quantitation of this nerve, the AIN branches can be easily used for neurotization of the median and ulnar nerves, and with the aid of a transinterosseous membrane tunneling technique, passed to the posterior interosseous nerve.
Drug-eluting stents versus bare-metal stents in patients with decreased GFR: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a strong predictor of both mortality and subsequent cardiac events after percutaneous coronary intervention. The safety and efficacy of drug-eluting (DESs) versus bare-metal stents (BMSs) in this population have not been evaluated adequately. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING & POPULATION Studies involving the comparison of clinical outcomes between DESs and BMSs in patients with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Studies exclusively involving patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction were excluded. SELECTION CRITERIA FOR STUDIES MEDLINE (on Ovid), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases from 2002-2013 were searched for studies comparing DESs with BMSs in patients with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). INTERVENTION DES versus BMS implantation. OUTCOMES Mortality, repeat revascularization, myocardial infarction, and stent thrombosis. RESULTS Data from 26 comparative studies with 66,840 patients were included. Compared with BMSs, DESs were associated with significant reductions in repeat revascularization (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.50-0.74; P < 0.001) and myocardial infarction (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.79-0.92; P < 0.001), with no detectable difference in stent thrombosis (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.46-1.12; P = 0.1). The superiority of DESs over BMSs in decreasing mortality also was documented (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.65-0.90; P = 0.01). This survival benefit of DESs over BMSs was attenuated in randomized controlled trials or adjusted observational studies versus unadjusted observational studies. LIMITATIONS Most studies were observational studies. Meta-analysis was not performed on individual patient data. CONCLUSIONS DES use in patients with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) is associated with a reduced rate of repeat revascularization and myocardial infarction without increased risk of stent thrombosis. The true effect of DESs versus BMSs on mortality needs to be confirmed by randomized controlled trials.
QUEST FOR COSMOS SUBMILLIMETER GALAXY COUNTERPARTS USING CARMA AND VLA: IDENTIFYING THREE HIGH-REDSHIFT STARBURST GALAXIES

We report on interferometric observations at 1.3 mm at 2″–3″ resolution using the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy. We identify multi-wavelength counterparts of three submillimeter galaxies (SMGs; F1 mm > 5.5 mJy) in the COSMOS field, initially detected with MAMBO and AzTEC bolometers at low, ∼10″–30″, resolution. All three sources—AzTEC/C1, Cosbo-3, and Cosbo-8—are identified to coincide with positions of 20 cm radio sources. Cosbo-3, however, is not associated with the most likely radio counterpart, closest to the MAMBO source position, but with that farther away from it. This illustrates the need for intermediate-resolution (∼2″) mm-observations to identify the correct counterparts of single-dish-detected SMGs. All of our three sources become prominent only at NIR wavelengths, and their mm-to-radio flux based redshifts suggest that they lie at redshifts z ≳ 2. As a proof of concept, we show that photometric redshifts can be well determined for SMGs, and we find photometric redshifts of 5.6 ± 1.2, 1.9+0.9 − 0.5, and ∼4 for AzTEC/C1, Cosbo-3, and Cosbo-8, respectively. Using these we infer that these galaxies have radio-based star formation rates of ≳ 1000 M☉ yr−1and IR luminosities of ∼1013 L☉ consistent with properties of high-redshift SMGs. In summary, our sources reflect a variety of SMG properties in terms of redshift and clustering, consistent with the framework that SMGs are progenitors of z ∼ 2 and today's passive galaxies.
Tandem high‐dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell rescue in children with newly diagnosed high‐risk medulloblastoma or supratentorial primitive neuro‐ectodermic tumors

To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of high‐dose chemotherapy (HDC) with stem cell support followed by conventional craniospinal radiotherapy (RT) as treatment for children older than 5 years of age with newly diagnosed high‐risk medulloblastoma (MB) or supratentorial PNET (sPNET).
Very long-term follow-up for left main coronary artery stenting: a missing piece of the jigsaw puzzle.

Significant left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenosis, which is defined as a 50% diameter stenosis that corresponds to a 75% area stenosis of the LMCA, is found in approximately 5–10% of all coronary angiograms performed for symptomatic coronary artery disease (1,2). Data obtained before the modern age of pharmacotherapy of coronary artery disease suggested that significant LMCA stenosis has a very grim prognosis when treated medically, with a mortality rate of 50% within 3 years of diagnosis (3,4).
Seroprevalence Study of Brucella Infection in and around Rewa District, India

Bovine Brucellosis is a serious disease of livestock that has significant animal, public health and international trade consequences. Considering the damage done by the infection in animals such as death losses, decreased milk production, weight loss, infertility and lameness, this disease is a formidable threat to livestock. The fact that this disease can spread rapidly and be transmitted to humans makes it all the more serious. Brucella species are small, Gram-negative, non-motile, non-sporeforming, rod-shaped (cocco-bacilli) bacteria. Brucella abortus is the principal cause of Brucellosis in cattle. Once exposed, the likelihood of an animal becoming infected is variable, depending on age, pregnancy status, and other intrinsic factors of the animal, as well as the number of bacteria to which the animal was exposed (Radostitis et al., 2000). World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) considers the disease as a threat of public health importance and a boundary for international trade of animals (OIE, 2004).
HEALTH PRACTICES IN RURAL BANGLADESH : STATE , GENDER AND ETHNICITY

This ethnographic study explores an anomaly in the reproductive health situation of poor rural women in Bangladesh, namely the coexistence of significant fertility reduction at the same time as continued high maternal mortality due to dependency on home deliveries in the absence of skilled health professionals and health complications resulting from unsafe abortions. Inspired by the feminist conceptualization of agency, the study resurrects the importance of considering culture and context in understanding reproductive decisions, as opposed to a rational individualistic notion of agency. Comparison between mainstream patrilineal Bengali and matrilineal-matrilocal indigenous Garos in the same rural location enables the study to demonstrate how complex factors intersect and interact to form gender power structures in shaping reproductive practice.
Polymerization kinetics of resin cements after light activation through fibre posts: an in vitro study.

AIM To measure the polymerization of light-cured (Variolink Veneer, VLV) and dual-cured (Variolink II, VLII) resin luting cements after light activation through different lengths of fibre post ex vivo. METHODOLOGY Degree of conversion after prolonged direct light activation (PLA) [12 min after LED light activation for 3 min] was determined using ATR-FTIR. Models were then produced to allow samples of VLV and VLII (n = 5 each group) to be light-activated through 3, 6 and 9 mm lengths of fibre post (Fiber Lux). Degree of conversion was assessed by ATR-FTIR and expressed as a percentage of the degree of conversion achieved after PLA. Data were analysed using anova and Tukey's test (P < 0.05). RESULTS Mean [SD] degree of conversion for VLV and VLII after PLA was 57.97% [1.51] and 54.71% [3.77], respectively. Light activation of VLV through a 3 mm post produced 81.62% of the PLA value, compared with 71.03% for the 6 mm and 46.04% for the 9 mm post. Conversion after activation through 9 mm posts was significantly less than through 3 mm and 6 mm posts (P < 0.05). For VLII, activation through a 3 mm post produced 66.51% of the PLA value, compared with 54.38% for the 6 mm and 41.56% for the 9 mm post. A significant decrease in degree of conversion was noted for VLII as post length increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The degree of conversion for VLV reduced after light activation through 9 mm posts when compared to 3 mm and 6 mm posts, whilst the degree of conversion for VLII decreased with every increase in post length.
Impact of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident on Belief in Rumors: The Role of Risk Perception and Communication

Rumors about nuclear power energy and its risks in terms of technology are common. However, these rumors are sometimes exaggerated and not true. Our research question is what factors and variables have influence the rumors related to the Fukushima nuclear accident. We analyzed data collected through social survey (n = 1572). To measure the dependent variable, we asked respondents whether rumors related to the Fukushima nuclear accident were true or false, and the degree to which they trusted such rumors. We measured three factors in determining belief in rumors: psychometric paradigm, communication, and risk perception. We then analyzed the direct impact of these three factors on belief in rumors and the indirect moderating effect of perceived risk of the Fukushima nuclear accident on the relationship between psychometric factors and belief in rumors. Results show that in the communication factors, source credibility decreases belief in rumors whereas usefulness of information and receiver’s ability increase it. All the psychometric variables have significant impacts on belief in rumors. Perceived benefit, trust, and knowledge decrease belief in rumors, and perceived risk and stigma increase it. Finally, the perceived risk of Fukushima accident plays a role of moderators between psychometric paradigm and belief in rumors.
Phylogenetic and genetic diversity analysis in Leptospira species based on the sequence homology pattern of 16S rRNA gene

Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis, caused by pathogenic spirochete which belongs to the genus Leptospira . It exists in diverse ecological habitats and affects almost all the mammals including humans. Several online databases like NCBI etc will provide the complete genomic sequence data of various Leptospira species. However, the Phylogenetic and genetic diversity Analysis in Leptospira species based on 16S rRNA gene has not studied in detail. Therefore the present study was conducted. Sequences of various species related to genus Leptospira obtained from the NCBI database etc and aligned (CLUSTAL_X). Two Phylogenetic trees were constructed (MEGA-5) in which the first one is related to various serovars of L. interrogans and the other is related to various species of Leptospira. The Phylogenetic trees revealed the relationship and genetic diversity of various serovars of L. interrogans and the other Leptospira species, with their nearest phylogenetic relatives. In the first tree, two major clades were observed which were named as A and B, whereas in the second tree, three major clades were observed and named as A, B and C respectively. Aquifex pyrophilus strain has been used for out grouping in both the trees. The genetic distance between the species in the phylogenetic tree is presented by a bar which represents 0.5 nucleotide substitutions per alignment position in the 16S rRNA gene sequence among the various serovars of L. interrogans while 0.05 nucleotide substitutions in case of various species related to the genus Leptospira. Thus, the findings from the above study confirm that the genus Leptospira exhibits genetic diversity in the 16S rRNA gene.
In Utero Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Nonhuman Primates: The Role of T Cells

In utero transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells is a promising treatment for immune and hematologic diseases of fetuses and newborns. Unfortunately, there are limited data from nonhuman primates and humans describing optimal transplantation conditions. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of T‐cell number on engraftment and the level of chimerism after in utero transplantation in nonhuman primates. CD34+ allogeneic adult bone marrow cells, obtained from the sire after G‐CSF and stem cell factor administration, were transplanted into female fetal recipients. The average CD34+ cell dose was 3.0 × 109/kg (range, 9.9 × 108 to 4.4 × 109) and the T‐cell dose ranged from 2.6 × 105 to 1.1 × 108/kg. Chimerism was determined in peripheral blood subsets (CD2, CD13, and CD20) and in progenitor cell populations by using polymerase chain reaction. Chimerism was noted in seven of eight live‐born animals. The level of chimerism in the progenitor population was related to the fetal T‐cell dose (r = 0.64, p < 0.02). At the lowest T‐cell dose (2.6 × 105/kg), no chimerism was detected. As the T‐cell dose increased to 106–7/kg, the level of chimerism increased. Adjusting the T‐cell dose to 1.1 × 108/kg resulted in fatal graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). The results of this study emphasize the importance of T cells in facilitating donor cell engraftment and in producing GVHD in fetal nonhuman primates. Some animals achieved levels of chimerism in the marrow hematopoietic progenitor cell population that would likely have clinical relevance. However, the levels of chimerism in peripheral blood were too low for therapeutic benefit. Further studies are needed to test methods that are likely to enhance donor cell engraftment and peripheral blood levels of donor cells.
Presenilin‐1 protein expression in familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease

Mutations of the presenilin PS1 and PS2 genes are closely linked to aggressive forms of early‐onset (<60 years) familial Alzheimer's disease. A highly specific monoclonal antibody was developed to identify and characterize the native PS1 protein. Western blot analyses revealed a predominant 32‐kd immunoreactive polypeptide in a variety of samples, including PC12 cells transfected with human PS1 complementary DNA, brain biopsy specimens from demented patients, and postmortem samples of frontal neocortex from early‐onset familial Alzheimer's disease cases (PS1 and PS2), lateonset sporadic Alzheimer's disease cases, and cases of other degenerative disorders. This truncated polypeptide contains the N‐terminus of PS1 and appeared unchaged across cases. In 2 early‐onset cases linked to missense mutations in the PS1 gene, a PS1 immunoreactive protein (∼49 kd) accumulated in the frontal cortex. This protein was similar in size to full‐length PS1 protein present in transfected cells overexpressing PS1 complementary DNA, and in lymphocytes from an affected individual with a deletion of exon 9 of the PS1 gene, suggesting that mutations of the PS1 gene perturb the endoproteolytic processing of the protein. Immunohistochemical studies of control brains revealed that PS1 is expressed primarily in neurons, with the protein localized in the soma and dendritic processes. In contrast, PS1 showed striking localization to the neuropathology in early‐onset familial Alzheimer's disease and sporadic Alzheimer's disease cases. PS1 immunoreactivity was present in the neuritic component of senile plaques as well as in neurofibrillary tangles. Localization of PS1 immunoreactivity in familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease suggests that genetically heterogeneous forms of the disease share a common pathophysiology involving PS1 protein.
Electronic structure and scanning-tunneling-microscopy image of molybdenum dichalcogenide surfaces.

Electronic structures of ${\mathrm{MoS}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{MoSe}}_{2}$ surfaces are investigated by first-principles electronic-structure calculations. The ultrasoft pseudopotential by Vanderbilt is used to perform band calculations with a plane-wave basis. Calculated band structures are consistent with recent calculations using other methods. Scanning-tunneling-microscopy (STM) images are calculated from the results of the band calculations, and it is found that bright spots in experimental STM images correspond to chalcogen atoms of the outermost layer. First-principles band calculations by linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) are also performed. It is found that the LCAO method is not so accurate in expressing the electronic properties of conduction bands of molybdenum dichalcogenides. The calculated band structures near the Fermi level show large dispersions along the direction perpendicular to the surface, which explains indirectly the fact that, in spite of the weak van der Waals interlayer interaction, moir\'e patterns are observed in the STM images of a ${\mathrm{MoSe}}_{2}$ surface grown on a ${\mathrm{MoS}}_{2}$ substrate. The appearance of the moir\'e patterns is more directly demonstrated by performing a band calculation of a ${\mathrm{MoSe}}_{2}$ surface with an irregular structure modeling the ${\mathrm{MoSe}}_{2}$/${\mathrm{MoS}}_{2}$ surface. It is found that the influence of the substrate on the outermost layer propagating through several Se-Mo-Se sandwiches is sufficiently large to reproduce the moir\'e patterns. However, the simulated image cannot explain some features of the experimental moir\'e patterns, which suggests that relaxation of atomic structures is also necessary to explain the moir\'e patterns.
RADIOLYTIC CORROSION OF CU NUCLEAR WASTE CONTAINERS

The corrosion of copper is being studied under the aerated vapour conditions which could prevail in the early period after nuclear waste container emplacement in a deep geologic repository. Exposure experiments are being conducted at two relative humidities (70% and 85%) in the presence and absence of a low γ-radiation dose rate (0.35 Gy/h). Corrosion is observed to occur generally across the surface yielding a film of Cu2O, the surface of which eventually becomes oxidized to CuO. This process is accelerated by the presence of a radiation field. The breakdown of this layer leads to dissolution as Cu and its redeposition to form CuO. This conversion process spreads across the surface rather than penetrating into it and appears also to be accelerated by the presence of radiation. At the higher relative humidity some pitting occurs. The absence of cupric nitrate deposits shows that, despite the formation of nitric acid, no nitrogen fixation occurs.
Susceptibility Profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Pus to ß-Lactam/ ß-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations

lactam antibiotics are the most important and frequently used antimicrobial agents worldwide. However, bacteria have circumvented their efficacy by producing enzymes-the -lactamases that degrade - lactam antibiotics. To overcome this resistance mechanism -lactam/ -lactamase inhibitor combinations were developed. However resistance to such antibiotic formulation is also on the rise. Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from pus samples were screened for susceptibility on Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion methods against the three commercially available -lactam/ -lactamase inhibitor combinations (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (20/10 µg), piperacillin/tazobactam (100/10 µg), cefoperazone/sulbactam (75/30 µg). Amoxicillin- clavulanic acid showed significant resistance while piperacillin-tazobactam was found the most effective and exhibited maximum inhibition.
Imaging Findings of Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to describe common radiographic patterns that may be useful in predicting the diagnosis of rhinocerebral mucormycosis. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the imaging and clinical data of four males and one female, 3 to 72 years old, with rhinocerebral mucormycosis. RESULTS All the patients presented with sinusitis and ophthalmological symptoms. Most of the patients (80%) had isointense lesions relative to brain in T1-weighted images. The signal intensity in T2-weighted images was more variable, with only one (20%) patient showing hyperintensity. A pattern of anatomic involvement affecting the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, orbit, and ethmoid cells was consistently observed in all five patients (100%). Our series demonstrated a mortality rate of 60%. CONCLUSION Progressive and rapid involvement of the cavernous sinus, vascular structures and intracranial contents is the usual evolution of rhinocerebral mucormycosis. In the context of immunosupression, a pattern of nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, ethmoid cells, and orbit inflammatory lesions should prompt the diagnosis of mucormycosis. Multiplanar magnetic resonance imaging shows anatomic involvement, helping in surgery planning. However, the prognosis is grave despite radical surgery and antifungals.