Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutritional Status of Resident Female Orphans of Selected Orphanages of Dhaka City.

Background: Malnutrition specially under nutrition has been recognized as the major cause of morbidity and mortality among children. The orphan children are the most vulnerable section to malnutrition in our society. Objective: To assess the nutritional status in relation to anthropometrical measurements, hemoglobin level & clinical presentations of orphans of Dhaka City. Method: This nutritional survey was done under the supervision of Department of Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Dhaka from November 2007 to January 2008. Total 179 female resident orphans aged 6-15 years from 2 orphanages named Alnahian Shishu Paribar and Ahsania Mission of Dhaka city were screened. They were assessed for BMI, Hb conc. and various clinical presentation of nutritional disorders. Data were analyzed by proportion test. Results: 60.3% of the total respondent’s from both orphanages were below the standard BMI which was significantly higher p<0.001) than that of 34.6% respondents with normal BMI. The malnourished orphans were 63.2% in Ahsania Mission and 58.3% were in Alnalian Shishu Paribar Etimkhana. Mean ±SD haemoglobin level of 116 children was 10.67 ± 1.37. 59.8% children had hemoglobin level less than 12.0g/dl and they were significantly higher than non anemic children (P<0.001). In Alnahian Shishu Paribar, 58.3% respondants were malnourished, 49% were anemic, 1.9% orphan had goiter, 91.3% were suffering from respiratory tract infection, 3.9% had xeropthalmia, 18.4% were suffering from angular stomatitis, 29.1% had cheliosis, 58.3% had glossitis, 1.9% had kwashiorkor and 1% were marasmic compared to those of 63.2%, 28.9%, 2.6%, 84.2%, 1.3%, 17.1%, 26.3%, 44.7%, 2.6%, 2.6% respectively in respondents of Ahsania Mission. The frequency of the deficiency diseases was almost similar in the two orphanages except anemia which was significantly higher in Ahsania Mission compared to that of Al Nahian. Conclusion: Significant percentage of orphans were undernourished and were suffering from various nutritional deficiency related disorders in both the etimkhaha & anemia was predominant in Ahsania Mission. Key words: malnutrition; BMI; Hb; anemia; orphan DOI: 10.3329/jbsp.v5i2.6779 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2010 December; 5(2): 66-70
DSC ANALYSIS OF AN ECAP-DEFORMED Cu-Ni-Si ALLOY

The stored and activation energy of an industrial Copper alloy (SICLANIC S) (Cu-2.5Ni-0.6Si) (% in weight) deformed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) via route A up to 12 passes at 150°C was studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetery (DSC). The DSC results showed only a single characteristic peak that was attributed to recrystallization. The relatively low SFE of the alloy makes recovery difficult and may explain the absence of the recovery peak so that almost all stored energy of deformation is associated with the accumulation of dislocations. The stored energy increased upon straining up to 4 passes and then saturates at a constant value close to ~0.91 J/g. The activation energy of recrystallization after 12 passes ranged between 123 and 127 kJ/mol (1.28 and 1.32 eV, respectively). The estimated dislocation density from the stored energy is in agreement with that determined from X-Ray Diffraction Line Profile analysis.
Clearance rate of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. I. Response to extreme chlorophyll ranges

Se realizaron 16 experimentos en los que se determino la tasa de aclaramiento (TA) en Mytilus galloprovincialis sometido a dietas con distinto contenido de clorofila (0.28-104.88 µg Chla L-1) con objeto de: (1) establecer su umbral de activacion y de saturacion, (2) dilucidar si estos umbrales estan regidos por una respuesta de tipo encendido/apagado o bien por una respuesta progresiva, y (3) determinar el efecto del tiempo de experimentacion en la medida de la TA en condiciones extremas, cuantificadas en terminos de contenido en clorofila. Los resultados del presente trabajo pusieron de manifiesto que el tiempo de experimentacion ejerce un efecto significativo sobre el comportamiento de la TA, la cual vario a lo largo del experimento con diferentes dietas. La respuesta de la TA difirio fundamentalmente en su reduccion significativa tras de una exposicion prolongada a dietas con alto o bajo contenido de clorofila en comparacion con dietas con contenido medio. Teniendo en cuenta los datos a partir de la sexta hora de experimentacion, se observo un abrupto umbral de activacion a una concentracion de clorofila de 2.08 µg L-1, mostrando una respuesta de tipo encendido/apagado. En el caso del umbral de saturacion, la concentracion de clorofila a partir de la cual se aprecio una reduccion de la TA se situo en torno a 26.91 µg Chla L-1, mostrando una reduccion progresiva con la concentracion de clorofila de la dieta.
Simulations for the Discipline Specific and Professional Education of Foreign Policy Graduates

Increasingly universities aim to provide students with opportunities to graduate with skills ready to perform in the workplace. However, workplace-based opportunities for students enrolled in foreign policy subjects are more limited due to the diplomatic and sensitive political nature of the professional work. Thus there exists a need for higher education institutions teaching foreign policy courses in generalist degrees to create innovative solutions to enable student experience of professional foreign policy practice. In this article we analyse our Australian foreign policy dual strategy teaching initiative where we deploy in-person simulations enabling students to develop both their discipline specific foreign policy knowledge and gain insights in, and experience with, professional competencies and non-technical skills. Student, industry, and staff participant feedback demonstrates the benefits of the simulations for both discipline specific learning and professional skills development.
Ownership structure and turnaround processes: evidences from Italian listed companies

The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between ownership structures and turnaround processes in the Italian context. In fact, with the exception of the analysis of individual business cases relating to incidents of fraud, bankruptcy and failure to rehabilitate the business, it does not seem to have been made, at the time, specific theoretical and empirical studies on the relationship between ownership structure and processes turnaround / crisis in Italian listed companies, in which the reference model is the family business, even in large companies. This research does not extend the results obtained from studies conducted in different contexts outright to Italian companies, but considers the peculiarities of the Italian model of corporate governance, characterized by concentrated ownership structure, by the low proportion of banks and institutional investors and the conflict of interests between shareholders control and minority shareholders.
Effects of Vitamin C and Vitamin E Supplementation on Anti-oxidative System of the Smokers and Non-smokers

This study compared intake of vitamins and antioxidant nutritional status of smokers and nonsmokers, and the effect of supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin E on antioxidant system of smokers and nonsmokers. Subjects were 30 smokers and 30 non-smokers of male university students. They were divided into groups of 10 subjects each one with supplementation for 4 weeks, to investigate the effects of supplementation. Smokers were divided into vitamin C supplement group, vitamin E supplement group and vitamin C and vitamin E combination supplement group, and so were nonsmokers. The supplementation of vitamin C was 500mg and vitamin E was 400IU. There was no significant difference of antioxidant vitamin intakes between smokers and non-smokers, and plasma concentration of vitamin C in smokers was lower than non-smokers(p < 0.05. Blood pressure was higher in smokers(p < 0.05, with no difference in blood glucose levels, methemoglobin and TBARS, but SOD activity was significantly higher in non-smokers(p < 0.001. Vitamin C supplementation resulted in a significant decrease of diastolic blood pressure(p < 0.01, systolic blood pressure(p < 0,001 and methemoglobin(p < 0.001 in smokers. Also a significant decrease of diastolic blood pressure(p < 0.05, systolic blood pressure(p < 0.05, blood glucose(p < 0.05, methemoglobin(p < 0.001 and TBARS(p < 0.05, with significant increase of SOD activity(p < 0.001 were found in vitamin E supplement group. In vitamin C and vitamin E combination supplement group, there was a significant decrease of diastolic blood pressure(p < 0.05, methemoglobin(p < 0.01 and TBARS(p < 0.05. In non-smokers, methemoglobins(p < 0.001 of vitamin C supplement group and vitamin E supplement group decreased, and diastolic pressure(p < 0.05, methemoglobin(p < 0.01 and TBARS(p < 0.05 significantly decreased in vitamin C and vitamin E combination supplement group. These results indicated better efficacy of antioxidant supplementation in smokers than in nonsmokers, suggesting that the supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin E might decrease the oxidative stress and various risk factors of smokingrelated diseases. (J Community Nutrition 6(3) : 146 ~ 154, 2004)
ANTIFUNGAL POTENCIES OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF Glyphaea brevis AND Spondias mombin ON FUNGI IMPLICATED IN DRY ROT OF POSTHARVEST YAM

The sensitivities of selected fungal pathogens implicated in dry rot of postharvest yam to leaf extracts of Glyphaea brevis and Spondias mombin were evaluated. The cup-plate agar method was used to estimate the sensitivities of the ethanol leaf extracts of Glyphaea brevis and Spondias mombin on Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, and Penicillium oxalicum. All the cold ethanol leaf extracts showed potencies on all test pathogens, while hot ethanol extract of Spondias mombin showed no potency on Penicillium oxalicum. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration obtained for Spondias mombin and Glyphaea brevis were 1 x 10 -4 mg/mL of cold extract on Aspergillus niger, and 4.0 x 10 -4 mg/mL of hot extract on Aspergillus niger, respectiviely. The lowest potencies were seen on Fusarium oxysporum for both leaf extracts. Phytochemical analysis of the leaves revealed the presence of saponins and glycosides in Glyphaea brevis; and saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols in Spondias mombin. This study reveals the antifungal properties of the leaf extracts of Glyphaea brevis and Spondias mombin, which are commonly used in the construction of traditional yam barns in Mbaise (south-east Nigeria). The results of this study justify the exploitation of leaf extracts of Glyphaea brevis and Spondias mombin for use as an appropriate bio-alternative to existing chemical methods in the preservation of postharvest yam.
Business Performance and Strategic Management Options in Hospitality: The Case of Lisbon City

This research addresses the growing hotel market phenomenon where two dominant strategic management models coexist: Hotel chains and independent hotels. In this context, this research intends to study the main strategic and operational management differences of these two business models and their differences in terms of business performance. The case study presented focuses on the city of Lisbon (Portugal) with a total sample of 114 hotels surveyed. Taking the Balanced Scorecard methodology as reference for the empirical analysis, the several associated indicators allowed us to compare and understand the differences in performance between the hotels integrated in international chains and the independent ones, or those belonging to small local hotel groups. The SPSS 20.0 version was used to carry out the research analysis. If, on the one hand, the empirical evidence points to the fact that units integrated in hotel chains have more standard operating procedures and a more complex management structure, on the other, with respect to various financial indicators (Gross Operating Profit, Room Profit and Food & Beverage Profit, etc.) there were no significant differences between the two types of hotel management model.
Analytical composition and rumen degradability of isogenic and transgenic corn varieties

Two different corn cultivars were compared with their genetically modified counterparts containing the gene coding for the Cry1A(b) protein of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). There were no analytical differences between the conventional and transgenic genotype kernels, whereas stovers from Bt+ plants had higher sugar (148.3 g kg−1 versus 115.9 g kg−1; P < 0.01) and lower NDF (592.7 g kg−1 versus 631.5 g kg−1; P < 0.05) contents than Bt− maize. A comparison of the amino acid profiles showed higher phenylalanine content in kernels from the Bt+ plants (49.1 g kg−1vs 47.8 g kg−1; P < 0.05) which was, however, not reflected in the protein content. The initial dry matter rumen degradability of the isogenic kernels was higher than that of Bt+ varieties (569.5 g kg−1vs 543.7 g kg−1; P < 0.05), whereas the lower fibre content increased the dry matter (548.6 g kg−1vs 526.6 g kg−1; P < 0.01) and protein (695.6 g kg−1vs 647.9 g kg−1; P < 0.01) degradability after 24 h of incubation in stovers from Bt+ plants. The NDF degradability was higher in Bt− corn varieties because of the higher proportion of hemicellulose in the total fibre. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Reflections on the use of oral history techniques in social research

This article draws on the author's experience of undertaking an oral history of her mother, as part of a Masters Degree. The paper endorses oral histories as a valid methodology and challenges some of the criticisms raised, specifically regarding memory and interview relationships. Traditionally, the written word has provided the favoured medium for capturing historical events, but the data must be questioned to establish if they are genuine or not; who was the author, for what social purpose were they produced. Thus they may paint a biased picture of the past. The voice of ‘ordinary people’ has been ignored and therefore their experiences have remained obscured. Critics such as Hobsbawm (1997) are quick to highlight the limitations of oral histories and suggest that oral histories rely heavily on memory, which can be flawed and prone to exaggeration. I contest Hobsbawm's (1997) assertions that memory is necessarily flawed; my mother's memory was acute and extremely detailed; the data generated were rich. Interview relationships are also questioned, suggesting that the more intimate the relationship between interview and interviewer, the more the desire for social conformity is increased. In the light of my experience, there is no evidence to suggest that my intimate relationship with my mother influenced the research process.
NLTE accretion disc models for the AM Canum Venaticorum systems

We present models of the optical spectra of two types of accretion disc atmospheres: a pure helium model and a H-He model, in a low mass ratio, helium transferring, interacting binary white dwarf system. The computations are restricted to stationary discs in LTE and NLTE cases. We also investigate the influence on the spectra of some of the disc parameters such as the mass accretion rate, the angle of inclination, the H/He mass ratio, and the inner and outer radius of the disc. Departures from LTE are also investigated in order to assess the necessity of computing more complicated and more time consuming models. We found that dierences in predicted equivalent widths of helium line computed in LTE and NLTE models range between 10 and 40 percent. Finally we compare our disc models with 4 of the AM CVn systems observed with the Nordic Optical Telescope: AM CVn, HP Lib, V803 Cen and CR Boo to determine their parameters as mass transfer rates and inclinations of their discs.
A new survey for high velocity HI detections in the Southern Hemisphere

A new high-sensitivity HI survey of the south- ern sky was made south of Declination 25 ,a t the Instituto Argentino de Radioastronom a (IAR), on a half- degree grid in galactic coordinates. A total of 50980 posi- tions were observed. One of the goals of this survey was to search for high velocity clouds (HVCs). The HI proles have been smoothed to a velocity resolution of 8 km s 1 . The resulting rms noise falls in the range 0.015 to 0.020 K. We have detected 6848 high velocity (HV) components.
Positive matrix factorization of organic aerosol: insights from a chemical transport model

Abstract. Factor analysis of aerosol mass spectrometer measurements (organic aerosol mass spectra) is often used to determine the sources of organic aerosol (OA). In this study we aim to gain insights regarding the ability of positive matrix factorization (PMF) to identify and quantify the OA sources accurately. We performed PMF and multilinear engine (ME-2) analysis on the predictions of a state-of-the-art chemical transport model (PMCAMx-SR, Particulate Matter Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions – source resolved) during a photochemically active period for specific sites in Europe in an effort to interpret the diverse factors usually identified by PMF analysis of field measurements. Our analysis used the predicted concentrations of 27 OA components, assuming that each of them is “chemically different” from the others. The PMF results based on the chemical transport model predictions are quite consistent (same number of factors and source types) with those of the analysis of AMS measurements. The estimated uncertainty of the contribution of fresh biomass burning is less than 30 % and of the other primary sources less than 40 %, when these sources contribute more than 20 % to the total OA. The PMF uncertainty increases for smaller source contributions, reaching a factor of 2 or even 3 for sources which contribute less than 10 % to the OA. One of the major questions in PMF analysis of AMS measurements concerns the sources of the two or more oxygenated OA (OOA) factors often reported in field studies. Our analysis suggests that these factors include secondary OA compounds from a variety of anthropogenic and biogenic sources and do not correspond to specific sources. Their characterization in the literature as low- and high-volatility factors is probably misleading, because they have overlapping volatility distributions. However, the average volatility of the one often characterized as a low-volatility factor is indeed lower than that of the other (high-volatility factor). Based on the analysis of the PMCAMx-SR predictions, the first oxygenated OA factor includes mainly highly aged OA transported from outside Europe, but also highly aged secondary OA from precursors emitted in Europe. The second oxygenated OA factor contains fresher secondary organic aerosol from volatile, semivolatile, and intermediate volatility anthropogenic and biogenic organic compounds. The exact contribution of these OA components to each OA factor depends on the site and the prevailing meteorology during the analysis period.
The physical and chemical characteristics of vineyard soils and its heavy metal content in semi-arid environments

Turkey is one of the most important seedless raisin producers in the world market. Approximately, 82% of the seedless raisin has been produced in Aegean Region of Turkey and 25% of it has been produced in the Plain of Alasehir, located in Aegean Region. Therefore, the Plain of Alasehir was selected to study the physical and chemical characteristics, and the heavy metal contents of the vineyard soils. Hence, the soil samples were collected from 26 different locations in 13 different vineyards to analyze the macro and micro elements, such as total N (TN), P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu and, the total heavy metal contents, such as Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, Cd, and Cr. Results showed that the soil samples were moderately alkaline. The salinity was suitable to grow seedless grape. The soil textures were either lime or sandy-loam with poor organic matter content. TN, P, Ca, and Mg concentrations were sufficient in the soil; however, 38.5 % of the samples were insufficient for K content. Similarly, Mn and Cu concentrations were sufficient while Fe and Zn were insufficient. Boron concentrations were high in 76.9% of the soil samples, which is a great concern for seedless grape production. Cd and Cr toxicity were not detected while Pb pollution was observed in only one vineyard. There was Co pollution in the 23.1% and %53.8 of the soil samples for the first and the second depth, respectively. Ni pollution was detected in some soil samples. Key words: Vineyards (Vitis vinifera L.), macro elements, micro element, soil productivity, heavy metal, raisin.
A randomized multicenter trial to compare functional outcome and complications of surgical procedures for low rectal cancers

Background. The outcomes after different low rectal resection types applied for rectal cancer treatment are still uncertain. The aim of the investigation was to evaluate long-term functional results, the rate of complications and post-operative lethality after rectum low resection operations (connection with J-pouch group: coloplasty – group 2 and “straight” anastomosis – group 3). Patients and methods. In 2003, a randomized study was started and completed on December 2007. The study included 82 patients (38 females and 44 males). The patients were randomized into three groups. They were suffering from cancer stage I–III. Results. There were no postoperative deaths after 82 resections with total mesorectal excision (TME) and low connection. The overall rate of postoperative complications was 28%, and the rate of anastomosis suture leakage was 11%. The rate of postoperative complications was 20.7% (6 patients) in group 1, 28.6% (6 patients) in group 2, 34.3% (11 patients) in group 3. The rate of complications was substantially higher in groups 2 and 3; however, this difference was statistically not significant (p = 0.2636). The functional results after 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 months showed no statistical difference among the groups; moreover functional results after 24 months in all groups were similar (p = 0.046). Anastomosis with or without pouch does not influence postoperative lethality. The incidence of complications and suture leakage is higher in cases of straight anastomosis; however, this finding is not statistically significant. Necrosis was observed only in patients for whom anastomosis with pouches were performed. Conclusion. Comparison of functional results after 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 months showed no statistically significant differences among the groups.The necrosis of pulled-down bowel was observed only in the pouch groups. Keywords: rectal cancer, anastomosis, J-pouch, coloplasty, functional results
Euphausia pacifica brood sizes: a North Pacific synthesis

Euphausia pacifica occupy a remarkably wide range of ecosystems. We examined the differences in brood sizes from eight regions of the North Pacific to explore how variation in the brood size might contribute to their success over such a range. We show a compilation and analysis of short-term E. pacifica brood size incubations from around the North Pacific rim, ranging from the Yellow Sea (YS) (Korea) to southern California (SC), USA. Brood sizes for E. pacifica are highly variable in all regions and range from 5 to 697 eggs overall. Median brood sizes were largest in the YS and off Newport, Oregon and the maximum brood sizes were greatest in the regions off the coasts of Oregon and Washington, USA followed by the YS. Quantile regression analysis revealed that there was a significant relationship between the female length and the maximum brood size (95% quantile) for broods from SC, Oregon, and Washington, USA as well as Toyama Bay, Japan, indicating that the maximum brood size is limited by the female length in these regions. This suggests that other factors, hydrographic conditions, food quantity/quality or physiological condition of females, may limit maximum brood sizes in the other regions examined here.