Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the biochemical properties of Bacteroides melaninogenicus from human dental plaque and other sites.

A total of 45 strains of black-pigmented bacteroides, including Bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. melaninogenicus, Bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. intermedius and Bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. asaccharolyticus, have been examined for morphological and physiological characteristics. They were also tested for the range of acidic metabolites, the typical basic amino acid of the mucopeptide, the base composition of DNA, the electrophoretic mobility of malate dehydrogenase and the susceptibility to certain antibiotics. The subspecies most commonly isolated from supragingival human dental plaque are B. melaninogenicus subsp. intermedius and B. melaninogenicus subsp. melaninogenicus. A list of tests for the differentiation of the three subspecies is given, but the separation of B. melaninogenicus subsp. asaccharolyticus from the other two subspecies of B. melaninogenicus is nevertheless recommended.
Experimental results and simulation of substrate noise coupling via planar spiral inductor in RF ICs

While previous studies on substrate coupling focused mostly on noise induced through drain-bulk capacitance, substrate coupling from planar spiral inductors at radio frequency via the oxide capacitance have not been reported. This paper presents experimental data and simulation results for inductor-induced noise in the substrate. Noise coupling from conventional and hollow inductors via the substrate to P+ diffusions with and without guard rings were also examined. A compact model of the inductor and substrate that can accurately match the measured inductor-induced noise is then derived. Using the inductor-substrate model, we investigated the effectiveness of various guard rings configurations to reducing substrate noise coupling, the trade-off between noise coupling and self-inductance, and the coupling of noise from the inductor of a tuned RF amplifier.
Consciously Postural Sway and Cervical Vertigo After Whiplash Injury

Study Design. Cross-sectional study of whiplash injury patients with vertigo and healthy volunteers consciously pretending to have postural sway as in malingering. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the postural sway in malingerers by posturography. Summary of Background Data. Malingering is not a problem in the majority of cases with whiplash injury and diagnosis should be made carefully. However, some patients with whiplash injury might exaggerate their symptoms or be malingerers because of the potential gain associated with insurance claims. We designed a diagnostic study to screen putative malingerers. Methods. Subjects were 20 healthy volunteers who were tested under standing condition (normal group), consciously swaying the body under standing condition like malingerers (pseudomalingering group) and 32 patients who complained of neck pain with vertigo or dizziness after whiplash injury with WAD (whiplash-associated disorders) grade I and II (WAD group). The movement of the center of pressure (COP) was measured using a force platform to quantify postural sway. Static posturography was performed under open and closed eyes. We analyzed (1) total envelop area per unit of time (EAREA), (2) shifting length per second (LNG/TIME), (3) sway pattern, and (4) Romberg rate representing total shifting length under eyes-closed/eyes-open. Results. In open eyes condition, the values of EAREA and LNG/TIME were significant higher under pseudomalingering than both of the control and WAD groups (P < 0.05). The Romberg rate was 1.30 ± 0.17, 1.13 ± 0.19, and 1.83 ± 0.94 in control, pseudo-malingering, and WAD group, respectively, and was less than 1.0 in 45% of pseudomalingering. There were significant differences in the EAREA, LEN/TIME, and Romberg rate between pseudomalingering and the other 2 groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Our results suggest that compared with normal subjects and WAD patients, malingerers are more likely to exhibit a wide EAREA, a long sway length per second, and a low Romberg rate. Malingering must be diagnosed carefully and posturography could be a helpful supplementary tool for differentiating whiplash-associated vertigo from malingering.
Auditor-client relationship, audit process and audit quality

This study examines how the auditor-client relationship affects the audit process and audit quality. Chapter 2 examines the likelihood of auditor dismissal following financial statement restatements at companies where at least one of the audit committee members works on the audit committee of another company that is audited by the same audit firm (“AC-auditor interlocking”). Empirical evidence shows that companies with AC-auditor interlocking relationships are less likely to dismiss their auditors after a restatement occurs. Further evidence suggests that interlocking companies that retain their auditors after a restatement have lower subsequent audit quality compared to interlocking companies that dismiss their auditors. These findings raise concerns about the audit committee’s role in auditor termination when audit quality is relatively low and suggest that AC-auditor interlocking may impair audit quality. Chapter 3 explores the pricing and client acceptance strategies of audit offices following litigations related to clients’ misconduct. Using a hand-collected sample of auditor litigation events, I find that audit offices involved in litigation increase their audit fees following the filing of the lawsuit. Further analyses indicate that the increase in audit fees charged by litigation offices is driven by clients’ high switching cost and low bargaining power. I also find that both litigation and non-litigation offices of audit firms involved in litigation are less likely to have new engagements following the start of the litigation, and that new engagements of litigation offices after litigation are likely to be less risky than the new engagements before litigation.
A Phase I–II trial of escalating doses of mitoxantrone with fixed doses of cytarabine plus fludarabine as salvage therapy for patients with acute leukemia and the blastic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia

Cytarabine is an essential drug for inducing remission of acute myelogenous leukemia, and it is also one the most effective drugs used as salvage therapy for patients with all types of relapsed acute leukemia. Nevertheless, there is considerable room for improvement in the treatment of patients with relapsed leukemia in terms of both the reinduction rate and the duration of response. Fludarabine has been shown to augment responses to cytarabine, possibly by increasing the intracellular concentrations of the active metabolite cytarabine triphosphate. Higher‐than‐standard doses of mitoxantrone have been shown to augment responses to cytarabine, possibly by increasing the DNA strand breaks induced by topoisomerase II; these strand breaks cannot be effectively repaired in the presence of cytarabine triphosphate. This preliminary study was designed to determine whether moderately high doses of mitoxantrone could be added to the combination of fludarabine and cytarabine in an attempt to improve the combination's antileukemic efficacy.
THE QUALITY OF DISCLOSURE IN THE ANNUAL REPORTS: EVIDENCE FROM AN EMERGING MARKET

This paper aims at determining the quality of disclosure in the annual reports of the listed companies in the Dhaka Stock Exchange Ltd. by applying the Singhvi and Desai (1971) index over the twenty seven selected companies of the "Food and Allied" and "Engineering" sector. The twenty-seven companies use the index to describe the trend of reporting practices for the years 2007 and 2008. We find that most of the companies are very much consistent in their disclosure practice. But a very few companies tried to enhance the quality of disclosure over the years.
Preliminary research of the organizational culture of construction companies in Croatia

Understanding of organizational culture in the context of construction industry is not sufficient yet. Therefore, the research question of this study has been: what is a dominant culture profile of companies within the context of the Croatian construction industry. The research has been conducted using both primary and secundary data sources: after an extensive literature review, research has been continued using Cameron and Quinn's Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument over the data set collected from 108 respondents working in construction companies in Croatia. The findings show that the Croatian construction industry has been dominated by the hierarchy culture. In addition, the analysis indicates the clan type being the dominantly preferred organizational profile. This paper is the result of the first research phase so for the next phase it suggests comparative research concerning culture profiles of relevant construction industry subcategories (core business, size, regional orientation and ownership subcategories).
Guiding principles for research involving animals and human beings.

The role of the physiologist is to advance the field through teaching, research, and service. In the process physiologists shall be honest in their reporting of research findings and ethical in their dealings with others. Moreover, physiologists shall be humane in the treatment of human and non–human subjects. Physiologists shall also have the professional responsibility to bring to the attention of appropriate authorities apparent violations of these principles.
Pengaruh Tax Planning Dan Beban Pajak Tangguhan Terhadap Manajemen Laba (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur sektor Konsumsi Sub Sektor Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar Di BEI Tahun 2011-2015)

Abstract. This research was conducted to examine the influence of tax planning and deferred tax expense on earnings management. The proxy used for tax planning is a tax retention rate, deferred tax expense by using deffered tax expense of each company, and earnings management by using proxy of profit distribution. The research method used is descriptive method with of data analysis by using quantitative methods and using a multiple linear regression analysis test. For the purposes of the study, data collection was done by using the population at 14 manufacture company consumption sector of food and beverage sub-sector listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for five consecutive years in the period 2011-2015. Until obtained 9 companies which match the criteria for the sample. These results indicate that tax planning have is proxied by the level of retention of tax effect on earnings management but the deferred tax expense no significant effect on earnings management Suggestions for the further researcher is they have to expand the research by adding the number of samples is not the only focusing on manufacturing companies, so that research results can be obtained with a higher level of generality. For the company's net profit should be considered for the decision in the future. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh tax planning dan beban pajak tangguhanl terhadap manajemen laba. Adapun proksi yang digunakan untuk tax planning adalah tax retention rate (tingkat retensi pajak), beban pajak tangguhan dengan menggunakan deffered tax expense (beban pajak tangguhan) tiap perusahaan, dan manajemen laba dengan menggunakan proksi distribusi laba. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan menggunakan alat uji analisis regresi linear berganda. Untuk kegunaan penelitian tersebut, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan populasi pada 14 perusahaan manufaktur sektor konsumsi sub sektor makanan dan minuman yang listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama 5 tahun berturut-turut pada periode 2011-2015. Sehingga diperoleh sampel 9 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perencanaan pajak yang diproksikan dengan tingkat retensi pajak berpengaruh terhadap manajemen laba akan tetapi beban pajak tangguhan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Saran untuk peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan dapat memperluas penelitian dengan menambahkan jumlah sampel tidak hanya berfokus pada perusahaan manufaktur saja, sehingga dapat diperoleh hasil penelitian dengan tingkat generalisasi yang lebih tinggi. Bagi perusahaan sebaiknya laba bersih dijadikan bahan pertimbangan untuk pengambilan keputusan yang akan datang.
Determinants and Consequences of Executive Compensation: Empirical Evidence from Chinese Listed Companies

The objective of this study is to provide a more comprehensive understanding of executive compensation plans in China. On one hand, it examines the determinants of compensation practices by supplementing the classical principal-agent theory with tournament theory and managerial power theory. On the other hand, it tests whether the adoption of equity-based compensation delivers better company performance for Chinese listed companies. Using compensation data from Chinese listed companies between 2006 and 2011, it is found that compensation level is strongly aligned with accounting-based performance. In particular, compensation and performance are more aligned at the higher hierarchical level. In addition, the level of compensation significantly rises with hierarchical level. It is also found that companies with the presence of the remuneration committee tend to use performance-based compensation. However, compensation and performance are less aligned when the size of the remuneration committee is smaller, and when the proportion of insiders on the remuneration committee is higher. Finally, it is found that company accounting-based performance is improved one year after adopting equity-based compensation. This study offers the following practical implications for policy makers and other practitioners. First of all, the board of directors and its remuneration committee should take account of market-based performance, as well as equity-based compensation, when designing compensation contracts for executives. In addition, policy makers may follow developed countries in implementing legal compulsion for constructing a remuneration committee through enacting laws. Finally, a clear and strong legal support for the appropriate composition and size of the remuneration committee is needed, in order to prevent the decision-making processes of this committee from being influenced by managerial power.
Measuring quality perception and satisfaction for wood harvesting services with a triad perspective

ABSTRACT The performance of harvesting operations strongly influences profitability and service satisfaction for both industries and wood suppliers. To assess different perspectives of satisfaction, this study explores quality perceptions of harvesting services using a multi-dimension approach, and suggests a tool for measuring satisfaction from a triad perspective. Values associated with services were identified by interviewing actors involved in triads linked to two forest owners associations (FOAs). FOA managers’ and private forest owners’ expectations and perceptions of performances by a sample of contractors in relation to these values were then separately measured using an adapted version of the Servqual questionnaire. Similarly, contractors’ views of associated planning conditions were evaluated. Quality perceptions varied widely among respondents. The surveyed forest owners commonly determined performance in a subjective manner: many solely by visual impressions. Consequently, many contractors not performing well from a manager perspective still met forest owners’ service expectations well, and thus were considered valuable assets by the FOAs from a wood sourcing perspective. The results also revealed differences in valued factors between thinning and final felling operations. The paper concludes with a suggested model to rank relationship success.
Transport route segments and stress effect on drivers.

Drivers are expected to drive safely whilst carrying out a variety of complex tasks using physical, sensor, cognitive and psychomotor skills. In this paper, the authors examine the influence of road characteristics and microclimate influence in driver’s cabin, on different drivers’ performance while accomplishing their daily duties. The authors gave prior emphasis on transport route profiles like pedestrian crossing, road junctions, round about; pulling in and out of each bus stop and other unexpected incidences on driver’s attention. The research was held on different drivers on the same transport route and segment of articulation. Work experiences, unfamiliarity of the routes were among the key factors for increasing stress and decreasing drivers' attention. This paper analyse stress factors on drivers during the summer period of driving performance. The core data on microclimate situation in the driver’s cabin and the heart rate are preserved through careful measurements on all route segments. The drivers' heart rates are carefully recorded at specific parts in the road to examine how the road characteristics affect driver’s behaviour. The influence of route characteristics, the microclimate influence in the drivers cabin, and other complications in transport route on heart rate variations of different drivers is the output of the research findings.
Practice-Related Effects in a Go-Nogo Task

Comparison of an incoming stimulus with a memory template and the inhibition of an irrelevant response representation assumes these are separable processes differently affected by practice. Practice effects were studied in a visual Go-Nogo task which contained stimuli either compatible or incompatible with a response. Eight participants (19–28 years old, M = 23.3, SD = 3.6) performed the task with simultaneous EEG recording every morning during three consecutive weeks except weekends. Short-term, long-term, as well as weekday effects were analyzed. As a short-term effect, the false alarm rate became smaller; this was accompanied by an enhancement of the frontal N2 component of the event-related potential (ERP). As a long-term effect, the shortening of reaction time to incompatible stimuli and increase of the blink rate for Go trials was observed. Within the N2 two subcomponents, the early (N2e) and late (N2l) could be distinguished. N2e and N2l varied differently with the experimental manipulations. First, they showed different effects of stimulus compatibility. Second, the N2e was enhanced with practice irrespective of trial type, while the practice-related increase of the N2l was obtained for Nogo trials only. Third, the practice-related effects on components differed in scalp topography. The results suggest N2e reflects the comparison process and N2l the inhibition of an irrelevant response representation. Both processes improved with practice.
STRONG FAR-INFRARED COOLING LINES, PECULIAR CO KINEMATICS, AND POSSIBLE STAR-FORMATION SUPPRESSION IN HICKSON COMPACT GROUP 57

We present [C ii] and [O i] observations from Herschel and CO(1–0) maps from the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter Astronomy (CARMA) of the Hickson compact group HCG 57, focusing on the galaxies HCG 57a and HCG 57d. HCG 57a has been previously shown to contain enhanced quantities of warm molecular hydrogen consistent with shock or turbulent heating. Our observations show that HCG 57d has strong [C ii] emission compared to LFIR and weak CO(1–0), while in HCG 57a, both the [C ii] and CO(1–0) are strong. HCG 57a lies at the upper end of the normal distribution of the [C ii]/CO and [C ii]/FIR ratios, and its far-infrared (FIR) cooling supports a low-density, warm, diffuse gas that falls close to the boundary of acceptable models of a photon-dominated region. However, the power radiated in the [C ii] and warm H2 emissions have similar magnitudes, as seen in other shock-dominated systems and predicted by recent models. We suggest that shock heating of the [C ii] is a viable alternative to photoelectric heating in violently disturbed, diffuse gas. The existence of shocks is also consistent with the peculiar CO kinematics in the galaxy, indicating that highly noncircular motions are present. These kinematically disturbed CO regions also show evidence of suppressed star formation, falling a factor of 10–30 below normal galaxies on the Kennicutt–Schmidt relation. We suggest that the peculiar properties of both galaxies are consistent with a highly dissipative, off-center collisional encounter between HCG 57d and 57a, creating ring-like morphologies in both systems. Highly dissipative gas-on-gas collisions may be more common in dense groups because of the likelihood of repeated multiple encounters. The possibility of shock-induced star-formation suppression may explain why a subset of these HCG galaxies has been found previously to fall in the mid-infrared green valley.
Ancient DNA from a pre-Columbian Amerindian population.

Ancient DNA was obtained from skeletal remains from the Norris Farms #36 cemetery, a pre-Columbian archeological site in central Illinois that dates to A.D. 1300. Four mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers were analyzed that delineate the four primary mtDNA lineages found in contemporary Amerindian populations. mtDNA types were determined for 50 individuals; 49 belonged to one of these four lineages. One lineage occurred only in males, suggesting an immigration of maternally related males into this community. There was no significant spatial patterning of mtDNA lineages within the cemetery. This survey of ancient DNA variation in a pre-Columbian population supports the view that the initial colonization of the New World comprised just four primary mtDNA lineages.
A knowledge engineering approach to developing e-libraries for mobile learning

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present an innovative approach that is proposed for developing e‐libraries with metadata to meet the need of training observation and classification skills in a mobile learning environment.Design/methodology/approach – A knowledge engineering approach is proposed to assist teachers in defining metadata of e‐libraries to meet the need of training observation and classification skills. Based on the innovative approach, an e‐library of butterfly and ecology has been developed. Moreover, an experiment was conducted from March‐April 2007 on the science course “Butterfly and Ecology” at an elementary school in Taiwan. There were two teachers and 35 students participated in the experiment.Findings – Experimental results showed that the e‐library developed with the innovative approach is able to effectively support the training of observation and classification skills for elementary school students.Research limitations/implications – Currently, the innovative approach has.
Human Mast Cells Secreting Leukotriene C4 Express the MRP1 Gene-Encoded Conjugate Export Pump

Mast cells are known to secrete endogenously synthesized leukotriene C4 (LTC4), but the identity of the responsible export pump in human mast cells was unknown. The multidrug resistance proteins MRP1 and MRP2 have been identified as primary-active ATP-dependent export pumps for various amphiphilic anions including the glutathione conjugate LTC4. We therefore studied the expression at the RNAand protein levels of both MRP1 and MRP2 as well as the ATP-dependent LTC4 transport in the human mast cell line HMC-1. Upon stimulation by 1 microM ionomycin, intact HMC-1 cells generated 26 pmol LTC4/10(8) cells within 20 min. Transport experiments using inside-out HMC-1 membrane vesicles demonstrated an ATP-dependent LTC4 transport amounting to 1.4 pmol x (mg protein)(-1) x min(-1). Reverse transcription PCR indicated that HMC-1 cells express mRNA of MRP1, but not of MRP2 or MRP3. Cloning and sequencing of the amplified PCR fragment confirmed its identity with the human MRP1 sequence. Immunoblots using antibodies against MRP1 and MRP2 demonstrated that HMC-1 cells contain the MRP1 but not the MRP2 protein. Our results indicate that the 190 kDa integral membrane glycoprotein MRP1 mediates the ATP-dependent export of LTC4 from human mast cells to the extracellular space.