Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS AND GROUP PROCESSES Where Do You End and I Begin ? Evidence for Anticipatory , Motivated Self – Other Integration Between Relationship Partners

Perceiving similarity between oneself and one’s romantic partner benefits both the individual and the relationship and can arise from multiple pathways that draw either the partner closer to the self or the self closer to the partner. The current research focuses on the latter. The authors investigate novel circumstances under which the self-concepts of individuals in romantic relationships may intertwine. Although self–other integration typically grows from the depth of shared experiences between relationship partners, the current research proposes a secondary pathway through which self–other integration may occur: Specifically, motivation to draw close to a romantic partner may be sufficient to evoke self–other integration even in the absence of shared experience. In 6 studies, the authors explored this anticipatory self–other integration pathway, using both current and potential romantic partners. The results supported the hypotheses by demonstrating that self–other integration can occur in an anticipatory fashion with the appropriate motivation.
Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds: May Prevent Cancer in Human?

The most distinctive feature of the Mediterranean diet is the presence of olive oil as the main source of fat. Olive oil is widely used in the Mediterranean regions as a dressing and for the preparation of all foods. In particular “extra virgin” olive oil, contains among the others, some peculiar phenolic compounds (PC) which are not present in other oils and in other vegetable foods. These include the phenolic alcohols hydroxytyrosol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-ethanol: 3,4-DHPEA) and tyrosol (p-hydroxyphenyl-ethanol: p-HPEA) which are present in the olive oil as such or are combined with either the elenolic acid (EA) or the dialdehydic form of EA (EDA) giving rise to the so called secoiridoid derivatives (3,4-DHPEA-EA “oleuropein aglycon”; 3,4DHPEA-EDA; p-HPEA-EA “ligstroside aglycon”; p-HPEA-EDA) [1]. In olive fruit and leaf the glycosilated secoiridoid precursors oleuropein and ligstroside are mainly present. The concentration of these PC in olive oil is extremely variable from a few mg/kg up to 800 mg/kg and depend upon different agronomic and technological aspects of olive oil production [1]. Recently, numerous different biological effects of olive oil PC have been deeply investigated both “in vivo” and “in vitro” systems. They have shown anti-oxidant and antiinflammatory activities associated to beneficial effects against cardiovascular, metabolic and neurological diseases, and cancer (for recent reviews [2-4]).
Model for measuring absolute rates of hepatic de novo lipogenesis and reesterification of free fatty acids.

We have previously presented a precursor-product stable isotopic technique for measuring in vivo the fraction of very low-density lipoprotein-fatty acids (VLDL-FA) derived from de novo lipogenesis (fractional DNL). Here, we propose a technique for converting fractional DNL into absolute rates of DNL and describe its explicit underlying assumptions. The technique combines the fractional DNL method with a modification of the method of S. Klein, V. R. Young, G. L. A. Blackburn, B. R. Bistrain, and R. R. Wolfe (J. Clin. Invest. 78: 928-933, 1986), for estimating hepatic reesterification of free fatty acids (FFA). Infusions of [1,2,3,4-13C]palmitate and [1-13C]acetate are performed concurrently with indirect calorimetry in human subjects. Fractional DNL (based on mass isotopomer distribution analysis of VLDL-FA), the rate of appearance of plasma FFA (Ra of FFA), and net fat oxidation in the whole body are measured. Equations from the hepatic reesterification model, modified to include the contribution from DNL, allow calculation of absolute DNL (= fractional DNL x [Ra of FFA - net whole body fat oxidation], when respiratory quotient < 1.0). Sample results from human subjects with different dietary energy intakes are presented, with calculations of absolute DNL, absolute reesterification, and absolute fat oxidation rates. The assumptions of this technique (in particular, that all fat oxidized is derived at steady state from circulating FFA and that DNL and reesterification of FFA both occur exclusively in liver) are discussed. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Psychoactive drugs in seven nursing homes

Aims We wanted to pinpoint any differences in treatment between participating nursing homes, investigate which drugs are currently prescribed most frequently for long-term patients in nursing homes, estimate prevalence of administration for the following drug groups: neuroleptics, antidepressants, antidementia agents, opioids and the neuroleptics/anti-Parkinson's drug combination, and study comorbidity correlations. We also wanted to study differences in the administration of medications to patients with reduced cognitive functions in relation to those with normal cognition. Methods Information about 513 patients was collected from seven nursing homes in the city of Bergen, Norway, during the period March–April 2008. This consisted of copying personal medication records, weighing, recording the previous weight from records, electrocardiography, anamnestic particulars of any stroke suffered, recording if there is cognitive impairment or not and analyzing a standardized set of blood samples. Results Considerable treatment differences existed between nursing homes, both percentage patients and Defined Daily Dosages. Patients with reduced cognitive functions were prescribed less drugs in general, except neuroleptics. Of all patients, 41.5% were given antidepressants, 24.4% neuroleptics, 22.0% benzodiazepines, 8.0% anticholinesterases and 5.0% memantine. The ratio of traditional to atypical neuroleptics was 122:23. In all, 30.0% of the patients taking neuroleptics were on more than one drug and 35.0% of the patients had opioids by way of regular or as-needed drugs, ratio 14.6%:28.7%. Of 146 patients on neuroleptics, five patients had anti-Parkinson's drugs too. The average use of regular drugs for patient with intact cognition was 7.1 drugs, and for patients with reduced cognitive functions 5.7 drugs. Conclusions There are differences in treatment with psychoactive drugs between nursing homes. Patients with reduced cognitive functions receive less cardiovascular drugs than patients with normal cognition. The reason for this still remains unclear. Improvement strategies are needed. The proportion of patients per institution on selected drugs can serve as a feedback parameter in quality systems.
The Landscape of Deep Learning Algorithms

This paper studies the landscape of empirical risk of deep neural networks by theoretically analyzing its convergence behavior to the population risk as well as its stationary points and properties. For an $l$-layer linear neural network, we prove its empirical risk uniformly converges to its population risk at the rate of $\mathcal{O}(r^{2l}\sqrt{d\log(l)}/\sqrt{n})$ with training sample size of $n$, the total weight dimension of $d$ and the magnitude bound $r$ of weight of each layer. We then derive the stability and generalization bounds for the empirical risk based on this result. Besides, we establish the uniform convergence of gradient of the empirical risk to its population counterpart. We prove the one-to-one correspondence of the non-degenerate stationary points between the empirical and population risks with convergence guarantees, which describes the landscape of deep neural networks. In addition, we analyze these properties for deep nonlinear neural networks with sigmoid activation functions. We prove similar results for convergence behavior of their empirical risks as well as the gradients and analyze properties of their non-degenerate stationary points. To our best knowledge, this work is the first one theoretically characterizing landscapes of deep learning algorithms. Besides, our results provide the sample complexity of training a good deep neural network. We also provide theoretical understanding on how the neural network depth $l$, the layer width, the network size $d$ and parameter magnitude determine the neural network landscapes.
Update on Work-Related Psychosocial Factors and the Development of Ischemic Heart Disease: A Systematic Review

The present review deals with the relationship between occupational psychosocial factors and the incidence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) with special regard to the statistical power of the findings. This review with 4 inclusion criteria is an update of a 2009 review of which the first 3 criteria were included in the original review: (1) Study: a prospective or case–control study if exposure was not self-reported (prognostic studies excluded); (2) Outcome: definite IHD determined externally; (3) Exposure: psychosocial factors at work (excluding shift work, trauma, violence or accidents, and social capital); and (4) Statistical power: acceptable to detect a 20% increased risk in IHD. Eleven new papers met the inclusion criteria 1–3; a total of 44 papers were evaluated regarding inclusion criteria 4. Of 169 statistical analyses, only 10 analyses in 2 papers had acceptable statistical power. The results of the 2 papers pointed in the same direction, namely that only the control dimension of job strain explained the excess risk for myocardial infarction for job strain. The large number of underpowered studies and the focus on psychosocial models, such as the job strain models, make it difficult to determine to what extent psychosocial factors at work are risk factors of IHD. There is a need for considering statistical power when planning studies.
Predictors of Neurocognitive Decline after Carotid Endarterectomy

OBJECTIVE:Although the incidence of stroke after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is low (1–3%), approximately 25% of patients experience subtle declines in postoperative neuropsychometric function. No studies have investigated the risk factors for this neurocognitive change. We sought to identify predictors of postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction. METHODS:We enrolled 186 CEA patients, with both symptomatic and asymptomatic stenosis, to undergo a battery of neuropsychometric tests preoperatively and on postoperative Days 1 and 30. Neurocognitive dysfunction was defined as a two standard deviation decline in performance compared with a similarly aged control group of lumbar laminectomy patients. Univariate logistic regression was performed for age, sex, obesity, smoking, symptomatology, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, use of statin medication, previous myocardial infarction, previous CEA, operative side, duration of surgery, duration of carotid cross-clamp, and weight-adjusted doses of midazolam and fentanyl. Variables achieving univariate P < 0.10 were included in a multivariate analysis. Data is presented as (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, P-value). RESULTS:Eighteen and 9% of CEA patients were injured on postoperative Days 1 and 30, respectively. Advanced age predicted neurocognitive dysfunction on Days 1 and 30 (1.93 per decade, 1.15–3.25, 0.01; and 2.57 per decade, 1.01–6.51, 0.049, respectively). Additionally, diabetes independently predicted injury on Day 30 (4.26, 1.15–15.79, 0.03). CONCLUSIONS:Advanced age and diabetes predispose to neurocognitive dysfunction after CEA. These results are consistent with risk factors for neurocognitive dysfunction after coronary bypass and major stroke after CEA, supporting an underlying ischemic pathophysiology. Further work is necessary to determine the role these neurocognitive deficits may play in appropriately selecting patients for CEA.
Two-year follow-up after percutaneous coronary intervention with titanium-nitride-oxide-coated stents versus paclitaxel-eluting stents in acute myocardial infarction

Background and aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of the titanium-nitride-oxide-coated (TITANOX) stent and the paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) in patients who had undergone a percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and results. The TITAX-AMI trial randomly assigned 425 patients with MI to receive either a TITANOX stent or a PES. The primary end-point was a composite of MI, target lesion revascularization, or death from cardiac causes. At 12 months, there was no significant difference between patients receiving TITANOX stent or PES in the rate of primary end-point (10.3% versus 12.8%, P=0.5). After 2 years of follow-up, a significantly lower rate of primary end-point was observed in the TITANOX stent group compared with the PES group (11.2% versus 21.8%, HR 2.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3–3.8, P=0.004). This difference was driven by a reduced rate of MI (5.1% versus 15.6%, P<0.001) and cardiac death (0.9% versus 4.7%, P=0.02) in favour of the TITANOX stent. Definite stent thrombosis occurred in 0.5% and 6.2% of the patients (P=0.001), respectively. Conclusions. The implantation of a TITANOX stent resulted in better clinical outcome compared with a PES during 2 years of follow-up among patients treated for acute MI.
Impact of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 Genetic Polymorphism on Combined Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Memantine Treatment in Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease

Aim: The impact of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 polymorphism on the steady-state plasma concentrations and therapeutic outcome of donepezil monotherapy and combination therapy in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Methods: A total of 38 patients for donepezil and 17 patients for donepezil and memantine therapy, aged ≥55 years, were recruited meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed. The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was used for estimation of drug levels of donepezil and memantine. Results: Significant allele frequency was observed for CYP2D6*3 polymorphism in patients on donepezil monotherapy and combination therapy. Significant allele frequency for CYP2D6*4 was observed in the patients on donepezil monotherapy. Conclusion: CYP2D6 polymorphism, though not significant, might partially be involved in the plasma concentration of AD drug.
Timing and risk factors for functional changes associated with medical hospitalization in older patients.

BACKGROUND Older medical patients often experience a decline in function associated with hospitalization. Some of this decline is already established at hospital admission, whereas some occurs during hospitalization. Objectives of this study were to separately describe pre-hospital and in-hospital functional changes in older Australian medical patients and to identify risk factors associated with these functional changes. METHODS Secondary analysis of data from a prospective controlled trial conducted in general medical units of an Australian tertiary teaching hospital. Participants were 615 consecutive patients aged 65 years or older admitted under a general medical unit for more than 2 days, discharged alive, and not fully dependent at pre-admission baseline. Activities of daily living measured 2 weeks before admission, at admission, and at discharge were used to calculate rates of pre-hospital and in-hospital decline and of in-hospital recovery to pre-admission function. Potential predictors including age, sex, diagnosis, illness severity, pre-admission function, pre-admission supports, and documented "geriatric syndromes" (dementia, falls, malnutrition) were investigated for each functional change outcome using multiple logistic regression models. RESULTS Sixty-four percent of participants had pre-hospital functional decline; only 42% of these had recovered to pre-admission function by hospital discharge. Only 7% had in-hospital decline. The different functional change variables had distinct patterns of predictors. CONCLUSIONS Most decline occurred prior to hospitalization and was associated with common indicators of poor outcomes in hospitalized elders. In-hospital decline was uncommon, suggesting that in-hospital recovery may be a more appropriate intervention target.
We Face, I Tweet: How Different Social Media Influence Political Participation through Collective and Internal Efficacy

This study advances a theoretical model centered on collective and internal efficacy to explain the separate pathways through which political sharing on Facebook and Twitter may influence individuals to engage in political activities. We test the model with data from a 2-wave panel survey conducted with an adult population in 2013 in Chile. We found that frequent usage of Facebook and Twitter for sharing political information is conducive to higher levels of participation through different efficacy measures. Facebook has a significant effect on collective—not internal—efficacy, whereas Twitter's effect is on internal—not collective—efficacy. Results are discussed in light of the diverse affordances and strengths of network ties of Facebook and Twitter.
Detection of Repackaged Android Malware with Code-Heterogeneity Features

During repackaging, malware writers statically inject malcode and modify the control flow to ensure its execution. Repackaged malware is difficult to detect by existing classification techniques, partly because of their behavioral similarities to benign apps. By exploring the app's internal different behaviors, we propose a new Android repackaged malware detection technique based on code heterogeneity analysis. Our solution strategically partitions the code structure of an app into multiple dependence-based regions (subsets of the code). Each region is independently classified on its behavioral features. We point out the security challenges and design choices for partitioning code structures at the class and method level graphs, and present a solution based on multiple dependence relations. We have performed experimental evaluation with over 7,542 Android apps. For repackaged malware, our partition-based detection reduces false negatives (i.e., missed detection) by 30-fold, when compared to the non-partition-based approach. Overall, our approach achieves a false negative rate of 0.35 percent and a false positive rate of 2.97 percent.
Resting interhemispheric functional magnetic resonance imaging connectivity predicts performance after stroke

Focal brain lesions can have important remote effects on the function of distant brain regions. The resulting network dysfunction may contribute significantly to behavioral deficits observed after stroke. This study investigates the behavioral significance of changes in the coherence of spontaneous activity in distributed networks after stroke by measuring resting state functional connectivity (FC) using functional magnetic resonance imaging.
Religious Music and Health in Late Life: A Longitudinal Investigation

Listening to religious music is often an important part of religious life. Yet there has been little empirical research on it. The purpose of this study is to test a conceptual model that specifies one way in which religious music may be associated with change in health over time. This model contains the following core relationships: (a) People who attend worship services more often will have stronger emotional reactions to religious music, (b) individuals who are more emotionally involved in religious music will be more likely to feel a close sense of connectedness with other people, (c) people who feel more closely connected with others will be more hopeful about the future, and (d) individuals who feel more hopeful will be more likely to rate their health favorably over time. The data provide support for each of these relationships. Significant variations by race were also observed in the findings.
A new 2-base pair deletion in the RPGR gene in a black family with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa.

OBJECTIVE To report the genetic and ophthalmic findings in a black family with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa resulting from a newly identified mutation in the RPGR (retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator) gene. PATIENTS Four affected hemizygotes with retinitis pigmentosa and 2 obligate carriers were examined. Two unaffected family members, 1 woman and her unaffected son, were also examined. METHODS Patients underwent a routine ocular examination including slitlamp examination and a dilated fundus examination. Certain patients also underwent testing with Goldmann visual field kinetic perimetry and electroretinography. DNA screening from affected male patients, 2 obligate carriers, and 2 unaffected family members was performed to determine the presence of any mutation in the RPGR gene. RESULTS A 2-base pair deletion in exon 13 of the RPGR gene that creates a frameshift was found to segregate with the retinal disease in affected males and the carrier state in female heterozygotes in this family. The ophthalmic findings in hemizygotes and carriers were within the spectrum of findings characteristically noted in families with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa. In 2 obligate carriers, a tapetal-like reflex was not clinically apparent. CONCLUSIONS The described mutation is the first RPGR gene mutation reported in a black family. A 2-base pair deletion in exon 13 segregates with a clinical phenotype of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa.
Thyroglobulin and low-dose iodine-131 and technetium-99m-tetrofosmin whole-body scintigraphy in differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

UNLABELLED Determination of thyroglobulin (Tg) levels, determined under endogenous thyroid-stimulating hormone stimulation after withdrawal of L-thyroxin treatment (off-T4), has been proven to be the most sensitive method for evaluation of patients with recurrent malignancy or distant metastases. This study uses a comparative approach between low-dose 131I scan and the previously reported highly sensitive 99mTc-tetrofosmin whole-body scintigraphy, using Tg-off-T4 as a basis for comparison. METHODS Fifty-eight consecutive patients of our follow-up program with primary thyroid carcinoma ablated with thyroidectomy and radioiodine therapy were examined after L-thyroxin withdrawal over 3-4 wk with 131I (185 MBq) and 99mTc-tetrofosmin whole-body scintigraphy and Tg determination (off-T4) within 5 days. Patients with Tg levels above 0.5 ng/ml were defined as Group A (n = 29). Group B (n = 29) comprised patients who had Tg levels (off-T4) below 0.5 ng/ml. RESULTS Iodine-131 revealed only 19 of 44 tumor sites (43.18%). Additionally, three remnants could be demonstrated. Sensitivity showed decreasing values for local recurrences (4 of 7, 57.1%), bone lesions (7 of 13, 53.85%) and mediastinal (2 of 4, 50%), lung parenchymal (3 of 7, 42.85%) and lymph node (2 of 9, 22.2%) metastases. Whole-body scintigraphy with 99mTc-tetrofosmin revealed a total of 39 of 44 malignant lesions (88.6%). Sensitivity was superior for lung parenchymal metastases (9 of 9, 100%), mediastinum (4 of 4, 100%) and lymph nodes (9 of 10, 90%) and inferior for bone metastases (11 of 13, 84.6%). Local recurrences could be detected in 6 of 7 patients (85.7%), and thyroid remnants were detected in 2 cases (2 of 11, 18.2%). One liver metastasis could not be detected because of the physiologic tracer distribution of 99mTc-tetrofosmin. Thyroglobulin-off-T4 detected malignant recurrence or metastases in 18 of 19 patients (94.7%) when a cutoff of 3 ng/ml was used and in 16 of 19 patients (84.2%) when a cutoff of 10 ng/ml was used. Specificity was calculated as 71.8% when a cutoff of 0.5 ng/ml was used, 89.7% when a cutoff of 3 ng/ml was used and 100% when a cutoff of 10 ng/ml was used. CONCLUSION Scintigraphy with 99mTc-tetrofosmin showed clear advantages concerning sensitivity in most metastatic lesions when compared with low-dose 131I scan. Despite a slight lower specificity, 99mTc-tetrofosmin whole-body scintigraphy has, therefore, been proven to be a useful tool in the assessment of metastatic lesions in differentiated thyroid carcinoma.