Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variscan accretionary complex of northwest Iberia: Terrane correlation and succession of tectonothermal events

The allochthonous terranes of northwest Iberia can be correlated with specific paleogeographic realms of the continental masses and intervening oceans involved in the Variscan collision. Assuming that the existing ophiolites represent the suture formed by the closure of the Rheic ocean, the units in the footwall to the suture correspond to the outer edge of the Gondwana continental margin, and the units in the hanging wall are interpreted as fragments of the conjugate margin, represented by the Meguma terrane. This correlation establishes a precise link between circum-Atlantic terranes, and makes it possible to draw a relatively simple scenario of the successive tectonothermal events recorded. Following the amalgamation of Avalon to Laurentia, the remaining outboard terranes underwent a progressive accretion to this continent that ended with the collision between Laurentia and Gondwana.
Blockage Effects From Simulated Thermal Barrier Coatings for Cylindrical and Shaped Cooling Holes

Film cooling and sprayed thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) protect gas turbine components from the hot combustion gas temperatures. As gas turbine designers pursue higher turbine inlet temperatures, film cooling and thermal barrier coatings are critical in protecting the durability of turbomachinery hardware. One obstacle to the synergy of these technologies is that TBC coatings can block cooling holes when applied to the components, causing a decrease in the film cooling flow area thereby reducing coolant flow for a given pressure ratio. In this study the effect of TBC blockages was simulated on film cooling holes for widely spaced cylindrical and shaped holes. At low blowing ratios for shaped holes the blockages were found to have very little effect on adiabatic effectiveness. At high blowing ratios, the area-averaged effectiveness of shaped and cylindrical holes decreased as much as 75% from blockage. The decrease in area-averaged effectiveness was found to scale best with the effective momentum flux ratio of the jet exiting the film cooling hole for the shaped holes.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
The Boundaries of the Social Work Relationship Revisited: Towards a Connected, Inclusive and Dynamic Conceptualisation

In all professional relationships, there are power imbalances and the potential for discrimination and exploitation. To safeguard against such violations, the concept of professional boundaries is advocated, yet the construction of these boundaries is presented as if it is rudimentary for everyone. Historically, the professional boundaries created within the field of social work have been influenced by other professions, most notably medicine. Integral to these traditional models are professional boundaries that separate the professional from the client and concentrate on what the boundary is, rather than why it is needed and how it is created. As a consequence, the professional boundaries within social work have become increasingly incongruent with developments in the profession's unique theoretical and value base. Despite the widespread acceptance of the importance of professional boundaries, scant attention has been paid to their construction and the degree to which they reflect the ethos of the social work profession. This paper examines professional boundaries and presents an alternative conceptualisation of boundaries in social work relationships. The model emphasises connection rather than separation, advocating a process that encourages mutuality. Implications for social work research, education and practice are also examined.
Compensating Wage & Income Differentials for Occupational Risk: Evidence from Migrant Workers in China's Pearl River Delta

This study contributes to an important, but under-researched, topic on China by empirically examining the theory of compensating differentials in the context of China's migrant workers. Using survey data collected from the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong province in south China, this study applies the Firpo-Fortin-Lemieux quantile decomposition method to examine the compensating wage and income differentials for migrant workers undertaking risky and safe jobs. The results show that migrant workers undertaking risky jobs incur a wage penalty at medium- and low-wage levels and an income penalty at the low-income level. In contrast, migrant workers at the high wage level enjoy positive wage premiums, and those at the medium and high-income levels enjoy positive income premiums. Both the negative wage premiums and positive income premiums exhibit an inverted U-shape with the quantile increment. Overtime allowances, bonuses and other income are the major sources of compensation for job riskiness. In addition, at the medium-income level, workers in risky jobs are further compensated by employee benefits, while at the high-income level they are further compensated by medical reimbursement.
High Molecular Weight Cytokeratin as Diagnostic Markers of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Carcinoma of the thyroid is currently the most common endocrine malignancy in Korea. An obvious increase in the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has been reported in recent decades. PTC constitute about 90-95% of the reported thyroid cancers in Korea. This is largely due to advances in medical surveillance of impalpable nodules, which allows for increased detection of occult thyroid cancers, rather than a true increase in the number of thyroid cancers. The diagnosis of PTC is based on architectural features combined with nuclear clearing, overlapping, grooves, and pseudo-inclusions. Accurately distinguishing the follicular variant of PTC from cellular adenomatous nodules may be challenging in the absence of papillary architecture. Less commonly, papillary hyperplastic nodules may be difficult to distinguish from PTC. Several reports have used ancillary studies, particularly immunohistochemistry and molecular techniques, in an attempt to solve problematic cases. Although some of these techniques are useful, they should be used cautiously as none of the ancillary studies seem to be consistent nor 100% reliable. Hence, none of these markers has solved the diagnostic controversy. CD56 is a neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) that mediates homotypic and heterotypic cell-cell adhesion through a homophilic binding mechanism. CD56 is normally expressed in the thyroid gland. Loss of CD56 expression has been noted in papillary carcinoma and such loss can serve as a specific and sensitive marker of PTC. High molecular weight cytokeratin (HMCK) expression increases significantly in patients with PTC and helpful for distinguishing PTC from other benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Galectin-3 (GAL3) is a member of a growing family of β-galactoside-binding animal lectins, which is involved in regulating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, cell growth, neoplastic transformation, and apoptosis. GAL3 is a well known marker to ditinguish benign and malignant thyroid nodules. However, reports have casted doubt on the reliability of GAL3 as a thyroid malignancy marker. Cytokeratin 19 (CK19) is a type I intermediate filament protein and the smallest known keratin. CK19 is useful in the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma, where it shows diffuse and strong cytoplasmic staining. CD56 and High Molecular Weight Cytokeratin as Diagnostic Markers of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Q fever in domestic ruminants: A Seroepidemiological survey

Q fever is a zoonosis caused by an obligate intracellular bacterium, Coxiella burnetii. The ruminants are identified as the source in the majority of Q fever outbreaks in humans. The main aim of current survey was to determine the seroprevalence of C. burnetii infection in sheep, goats and cattle in Hamedan, western Iran. In a cross-sectional study between May to October 2014, blood samples were collected randomly from 200 sheep, 50 goats and 120 dairy cattle in ten different locations of Hamedan. All samples were evaluated for the presence of antibodies to C. burnetii using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibodies to C. burnetii were found in 27.5% of sheep, 54% in goats and 0.83% in dairy cattle. Herd and within herd level prevalence was 100% and 5-56% for sheep, 100% and 20-100% for goat, and 10% and 0-8.3% for dairy cattle, respectively. No evidence of significant correlation between abortion history, gender, age groups and seroprevalence rates was found in animals. The infection rate in sheep was reported 41.9% and 23.6% in ≤2 and >2 age group, respectively (P=0.017, OR=2.3). In conclusion this is the first report of C. burnetii infection in animals in western Iran. The results indicate that coxiellosis may partly be responsible for major economic losses in domestic ruminants husbandry especially in goats in this region. Therefore, it is necessary to take integrated strategies for prevent and control of infection in animals, which could help to reduce human infection. Further comprehensive studies are recommended. K e y w o r d s Coxiella burnetii, Q fever, domestic animals, ELISA, Iran
The impact of fairness on trustworthiness and trust in banking

Abstract Theorists and empirical researchers in marketing and other fields suggest that fairness is important in underpinning trust, which, in turn, is integral to developing and maintaining buyer–seller relationships. However, empirical investigation of fairness in the domain of marketing has, to date, been limited. Consequently, the relationship between fairness and trust is not well understood. Thus, the purpose of this study is to provide a fully developed social exchange model examining the differential effects of various dimensions of fairness on trustworthiness and customers’ trust. Data were collected from customers of banks and were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Findings of the study show that perceptions of fair treatment on the part of customers are important in driving trustworthiness and engendering trust.
Reproductive differences between woodpeckers and secondary hole-nesters

Woodpeckers differ from most birds in several ways. They have powerful bills and excavate nesting cavities, and compared with most other birds of equivalent size they have relatively small clutches, relatively small eggs, and short incubation periods whereas the chicks remain in the nest for a relatively long time. Based upon the literature, I have compared the reproductive patterns of seven «true» Nordic woodpeckers (Picinae) with that of eight secondary hole-nesting species (particularly five passerines). The mean incubation period of the woodpeckers (12.4 ± 2.2 days) does not differ significantly from that of the secondary hole-nesters (17.6 ± 6.3 days; t-test, p=0.057). However, the incubation period of Picus canus and P. viridis (15.5 days) differs from the mean of the remaining woodpeckers (11.1 days; p<0.001). If the two Picus species are omitted from the analysis, the mean incubation period of the woodpeckers is shorter than that of the secondary hole-nesters (2.3 days; p=0.045). The secondary hole-nesting woodpecker species Jynx torquilla also has a shorter incubation period (12 days) than any of the other secondary hole-nesters. The mean nestling period of the woodpeckers (24.3 ± 2.9 days) does not differ from that of the secondary hole-nesters (22.7 ± 6.9 days; p=0.57). However, the woodpeckers have a longer nestling period (p=0.013) than the five passerines (mean 18.5 days). The ratio nestling period:incubation period differs, being 2.01 in woodpeckers and 1.31 in secondary hole-nesters (p<0.001). Woodpecker eggs are small and thin-shelled with a mean weight, related to the body mass of females, of 6.2 ± 2.0, and they are significantly lighter than those of the eight secondary hole-nesters (9.5 ± 2.0; p=0.007). The mean eggshell thickness in relation to egg volume is less in woodpeckers (1.3 ± 0.5) than in the secondary hole-nesting passerines (2.4 ± 0.7; p=0.01). The mean clutch size of the woodpeckers (5.5 ± 1.5 eggs) does not differ from that of the eight secondary hole-nesters (5.9 ± 2.2 eggs; p=0.15). However, if the two Picus species are omitted because of their tendency to reuse nest holes and their clutch size (mean 7.3 ± 1.1) that is larger than that of the other woodpeckers (mean 4.9 ± 0.9; p=0.03), the woodpeckers have a smaller clutch size than the secondary hole-nesters (p=0.04). The mean clutch weight related to the female body mass is lower in woodpeckers (0.33 ± 0.11) than in the secondary hole-nesters (0.57 ± 0.24, p=0.03). Hypotheses proposed to explain why reproduction in woodpeckers differs from that of other hole-nesters are differences in nest predation, limitation in nest sites of the secondary hole-nesters, energy costs expended in excavation, differences in food supply, adult survival and life duration.
Roadmap Generation using a Multi-stage Ensemble of Deep Neural Networks with Smoothing-Based Optimization

Road detection from aerial images is a challenging task for humans and machines alike. Occlusion, the lack of visual cues and slim class borders for other road-like structures (such as pathways or private alleys) make the problem inherently ambiguous, requiring logic that goes beyond the input image. We propose a three-stage method for the task of road segmentation - first, an ensemble of multiple U-Net like CNNs generate binary road masks. Second, another CNN learns to refine roads segmentations based on the fusion of the road maps from the first stage. Third, missing links are added based on the inferred graph to improve segmentation.
The Mesoscopic Constitutive Equations for Polymeric Fluids and Some Examples of Viscometric Flows

Constitutive equations for melts and concentrated solutions of linear polymers are derived as consequences of dynamics of a separate macromolecule. The model is investigated for viscometric flows. It was shown that the model gives a good description of non-linear effects of simple shear polymer flows: viscosity anomalies, first and second normal stresses, non-steady shear stresses.
Aerobic Exercise Interventions for People Living with HIV/AIDS: Implications for Practice, Education, and Research

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to present the results of a systematic review that investigated the effects of aerobic exercise interventions in people living with HIV/AIDS and to discuss the implications for physical therapy practice, education, and research. Summary of Key Points: A systematic review was conducted based on the Cochrane Collaboration protocol. Eleven randomized trials of HIVpositive adults who performed aerobic exercise three times per week for at least four weeks were identified. Thirteen meta-analyses were performed. The main results indicated that aerobic exercise was associated with significant improvements in some outcomes of cardiopulmonary status (maximum oxygen consumption) and psychological status (depression-dejection symptoms). Conclusions: Performing continuous or interval aerobic exercise or a combination of continuous aerobic exercise and progressive resistive exercise for at least 24 minutes three times per week for at least five weeks appears to be safe and may be beneficial for adults living with HIV. These findings should be interpreted cautiously owing to small sample sizes and high withdrawal rates within individual studies. The results of this review support the role of exercise and, more broadly, the role of rehabilitation practice, education, and research in the care and treatment of persons living with HIV.
Origin of the metallicity distribution in the thick disc

Aims. Using a suite of cosmological chemodynamical disc galaxy simulations, we assess how (a) radial metallicity gradients evolve with scaleheight; (b) the vertical metallicity gradients change through the thick disc; and (c) the vertical gradient of the stellar rotation velocity varies through the disc. We compare with the Milky Way to search for analogous trends.Methods. We analyse five simulated spiral galaxies with masses comparable to the Milky Way. The simulations span a range of star formation and energy feedback strengths and prescriptions, particle- and grid-based hydrodynamical implementations, as well as initial conditions/assembly history. Disc stars are identified initially via kinematic decomposition, with a posteriori spatial cuts providing the final sample from which radial and vertical gradients are inferred.Results. Consistently, we find that the steeper, negative, radial metallicity gradients seen in the mid-plane flatten with increasing height away from the plane. In simulations with stronger (and/or more spatially-extended) feedback, the negative radial gradients invert, becoming positive for heights in excess of ~1 kpc. Such behaviour is consistent with that inferred from recent observations. Our measurements of the vertical metallicity gradients show no clear correlation with galactocentric radius, and are in good agreement with those observed in the Milky Way’s thick disc (locally). Each of the simulations presents a decline in rotational velocity with increasing height from the mid-plane, although the majority have shallower kinematic gradients than that of the Milky Way.Conclusions. Simulations employing stronger/more extended feedback prescriptions possess radial and vertical metallicity and kinematic gradients more in line with recent observations. The inverted, positive, radial metallicity gradients seen in the simulated thick stellar discs originate in a population of younger, more metal-rich, stars formed in situ, superimposed upon a background population of older migrators from the inner disc; the contrast provided by the former increases radially, due to the inside-out growth of the disc. A similar behaviour may be responsible for the same flattening as seen in the radial gradients with scaleheight in the Milky Way.
Does Mandatory IFRS Adoption Improve Information Comparability?

ABSTRACT: This study examines whether the mandatory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in the European Union significantly improves information comparability in 17 European countries. We employ three proxies—the similarity of accounting functions that translate economic events into accounting data, the degree of information transfer, and the similarity of the information content of earnings and of the book value of equity—to measure information comparability. Our results suggest that mandatory IFRS adoption improves cross-country information comparability by making similar things look more alike without making different things look less different. Our results also suggest that both accounting convergence and higher quality information under IFRS are the likely drivers of the comparability improvement. In addition, we find some evidence that cross-country comparability improvement is affected by firms' institutional environment. Data Availability: Data are available from commerc.
Erythropoietin Treatment Improves Peak VO 2 and Oxygen Uptake Efficiency Slope without Changing VE vs. VCO 2 Slope in Anemic Patients

Background: While the improvement of anemia with erythropoietin (EPO) treatment increases peak VO 2 in anemic patients, the effects of EPO on minute ventilation (VE), VO 2 , and VCO 2 kinetics are not well described. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the improvement in hemodynamic, metabolic, and ventilatory response during exercise along with the improvement of anemia with EPO treatment in anemic hemodialysis patients. Methods: Thirty-seven hemodialysis patients with anemia (48.8 ± 13.6 years) received EPO (1500 or 3000 unit, 3 times a week). Parameters measured prospectively before and after EPO treatment included hemoglobin, cardiac output by dye dilution method, echocardiography, and cardiopulmonary exercise parameters. Results: With EPO treatment, hemoglobin increased from 6.4 ± 0.9 to 10.3 ± 0.9g/dl (p<0.001), with concomitant improvements of O 2 delivery at rest (from 663.8 ± 161.1 to 793.4 ± 188.5ml/min, p=0.004) and high output state (from 8.0 ± 1.6 to 5.6 ± 1.2l/min, p<0.001). Peak heart rate, peak systolic blood pressure, and peak VE did not change. Peak VO2 increased from 15.7 ± 5.3 to 18.8 ± 5.3ml/min/kg (p=0.017), and oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) improved from 1,255 ± 375 to 1,517 ± 357 (p<0.001). However, VE vs. VCO 2 slope (from 34.3 ± 7.3 to 31.8 ± 7.2, p=0.86) and VE-VCO 2 curve did not change. Conclusion: The treatment of anemia improved peak VO 2 and OUES without affecting VE vs. VCO 2 slope significantly. In evaluating the efficacy of treatment for patients with renal failure and anemia, the VE vs. VO 2 relation rather than the VE vs. VCO 2 should be used.
A randomized prospective clinical trial comparing intravaginal dinoprostone gel and misoprostol vaginal tablets as a method of induction of labour

Induction of labour is the stimulation of uterine contractions before the spontaneous onset of labour with or, without ruptured membranes. In recent years, vaginal prostaglandins have become one of the most commonly used induction agents. These come with a variety of methods of administration, including gels, tablets, suppositories and pessaries. We conducted a randomized prospective clinical trial to compare the efficacy of intravaginal dinoprostone gel and misoprostol vaginal tablets in women undergoing induction of labour at term. 120 pregnant women were randomly chosen from our outpatients department and admitted during the period January 2011 to June 2012 as per the study protocol. Out of 120 pregnant women 60 subjects received dinoprostone gel and rest 60 received misoprostol vaginal tablets randomly as a method of induction of labour. The primary aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of intravaginal dinoprostone gel with misoprostol vaginal tablets in induction of labour and it was concluded that the administration of drugs and delivery interval was significantly higher in dinoprostone gel group than that of misoprostol tablets group and the mean duration of labour of misoprostol tablets group was significantly lower than that of dinoprostone gel group