Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE AVIATION SAFETY: RECENT EFFORTS AT CLEMSON UNIVERSITY

Aircraft maintenance and inspection is a complex system consisting of several interrelated human-machine components wherein human plays a key role in ensuring the worthiness of the aircrafts. Considering this fact, it is important to focus on the human in the system. It is critical to deploy strategies that will reduce human error and improve human performance. One area in need of improvement is inspection. It has been proven that there are vast differences in inspection performance between experienced and novice inspectors. One proven technique for improving inspection performance is training. In response to this need, the paper outlines recent effort at Clemson University on the use of advanced technology ranging from computer based simulations to virtual reality technology to upgrade the inspection skills, reduce human error and eventually improve aviation safety.
Hereditary aspects of accessory deep peroneal nerve

Hereditary aspects in the anomalous innervation of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle by the accessory deep peroneal nerve, were investigated. Utilizing electrophysiological techniques, 22% of 100 healthy unrelated individuals demonstrated this variation in innervation of one or both extensor digitorum brevis muscles. The study of family members of five of these subjects with the variation showed that 78% of relatives also had this anomalous innervation. These data suggest that hereditary factors may be significant in the occurrence of this variation and a dominant mode of inheritance may be the case.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Chlamydia/Gonorrhea Testing Among Heterosexual College Students: Who Is Getting Tested and Why Do Some Not?

Abstract Objective: This study explored college students’ reported history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and chlamydia/gonorrhea and characteristics of students reporting testing. Additionally, it assessed their motivation regarding future testing and reasons for lack of motivation. Participants: The sample consisted of 292 sexually experienced college students self-identifying as heterosexual at a midwestern university. Methods: Participants completed a 26-item survey during the 2010–2011 academic year. Results: Demographics (sex, age, race/ethnicity), behaviors (higher numbers of sex partners, currently not using condoms), and motivation for future testing distinguished those who had been tested ever and those who had not. Half of participants were not motivated to seek testing in the next 3 months; the most common reason for no motivation being perceived lack of risk. Conclusions: Interventions promoting testing can use these findings to target those likely to never have been tested. These results also highlight the need to find ways to motivate students to get tested.
Cultural studies, public pedagogy, and the responsibility of intellectuals

Cultural studies seems to have passed into the shadows of academic interests, replaced by globalization and political economy as the new millennium's privileged concerns among left academics. Yet, cultural studies' longstanding interest in the interrelationship of power, politics, and culture remains critically important. Matters of agency, consciousness, pedagogy, and rhetoric are central to any public discourse about politics, not to mention education itself. Hence, this article argues that the promise of cultural studies, especially as a fundamental aspect of higher education, resides in a larger transformative and democratic politics in which matters of pedagogy and agency play a central role.
Left Atrial Reverse Remodeling Following Valve Surgery for Chronic Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation in Patients with Preoperative Sinus Rhythm: Effects on Long‐Term Outcome

Chronic degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR) with left atrial (LA) enlargement is predictive of adverse cardiovascular events including stroke, atrial fibrillation (AF), and impaired survival. Mitral valve surgery (MVS) initiates left atrial reverse remodeling (LARR) characterized by LA volume reduction and improved function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of LARR on clinical outcome in patients with and without LARR following MVS.
SVM classifiers Green : Positive Blue : Negative False Positive Ground-Truth ⋮ ⋮

We address the problem of recognizing a place depicted in a query image by using a large database of geo-tagged images at a city-scale. In particular, we discover features that are useful for recognizing a place in a data-driven manner, and use this knowledge to predict useful features in a query image prior to the geo-localization process. This allows us to achieve better performance while reducing the number of features. Also, for both learning to predict features and retrieving geo-tagged images from the database, we propose per-bundle vector of locally aggregated descriptors (PBVLAD), where each maximally stable region is described by a vector of locally aggregated descriptors (VLAD) on multiple scale-invariant features detected within the region. Experimental results show the proposed approach achieves a significant improvement over other baseline methods.
Reflections on the Texas Youth Evaluation Project and Implications for the Future

The passage of Senate Bill 530 in June 2007 increased visibility about the importance of health-related fitness in Texas. As a result of the mandate, more than 2.6 million 3rd- through 12th-grade students from all Texas counties were evaluated between January 1, 2008, and June 1, 2008, using a standardized test of health-related physical fitness (FITNESSGRAM®). This number represented 84.8% of all public school districts in Texas. In the subsequent 2 years, 2.8 and 2.9 million children were tested, which represents more than 90% of all public school districts in Texas. This summary provides reflections on the test results and implications for future school-based fitness initiatives, both in Texas and in other states.
1 Spatial and Temporal Variation in Evapotranspiration

Evapotranspiration represents the combined loss of soil water from the earth’s surface to the atmosphere through evaporation of water from the soil or plant surfaces and transpiration via stomates of the plant. In agricultural production systems these two losses of water represent a major component of the water balance of the crop. If we examine evapotranspiration over time throughout a growing season of a crop then the fractions of evaporation and transpiration will not remain constant. When there is a small plant partially covering the soil then the energy impinging on the soil surface will be used to evaporate water from the soil surface; however, as the crop develops and completely covers the soil then transpiration becomes the dominant process. There is a spatial and temporal aspect to evapotranspiration which exists but is often ignored in our consideration of the dynamics of water loss from the earth’s surface. One of the major questions which exists is how uniform is evapotranspiration over a given production field or over a landscape because of the limited amount of information on the spatial variation of evapotranspiration. There have been a limited number of research studies on the spatial variation in evapotranspiration. Many of these studies utilize remote sensing data as shown by Zhang et al. (2010) in which they developed a spatial-temporal evapotranspiration model for the Hebei Plain in China. They found the temporal variation in evapotranspiration was due to crop growth and the irrigation regime while spatial variation was caused by the type of crop being grown. An aspect of evapotranspiration is the use of reference pan evaporation to provide a surrogate for the atmospheric evaporation and the results from a study by Zhang et al. (2009) showed spatial variation was induced by changes in the driving variables, e.g., windspeed, solar radiation, or temperature. Variations in these parameters would be expected to create spatial differences in evapotranspiration from crop surfaces. Spatial and temporal variation in crop reference evapotranspiration has been studied by Zhang et al. (2010) across a river basin in China and observed the spatial variation in reference evapotranspiration was low in the cool months (January to April) and large in the warm months (May to August). The driving variable inducing the spatial variation in the warm months was most closely related to variation in the available energy among locations. Li et al. (2006) evaluated the combination of remote sensing data combined with surface energy balance to evaluate the spatial variation in evapotranspiration and found the mean values of evapotranspiration were similar across a range of spatial scales. However, the
Discrimination of almonds (Prunus dulcis) geographical origin by minerals and fatty acids profiling

Abstract Twenty-one almond samples from three different geographical origins (Sicily, Spain and California) were investigated by determining minerals and fatty acids compositions. Data were used to discriminate by chemometry almond origin by linear discriminant analysis. With respect to previous PCA profiling studies, this work provides a simpler analytical protocol for the identification of almonds geographical origin. Classification by using mineral contents data only was correct in 77% of the samples, while, by using fatty acid profiles, the percentages of samples correctly classified reached 82%. The coupling of mineral contents and fatty acid profiles lead to an increased efficiency of the classification with 87% of samples correctly classified.
Comparative retinal morphology of the platypus

The purpose of this study is to identify evolutionary origin and fate of anatomic features of the duck‐billed platypus eye. Eyes from the duck‐billed platypus and four key evolutionary basal vertebrates (Pacific hagfish, north hemisphere sea lamprey, and Australian and South American lungfishes) were prepared for light microscopy. In addition to a standard panel of stains, tissues were immunostained against a variety of rod and cone opsins. Finally, published opsin sequences of platypus and several other vertebrate species were aligned and compared with immunohistochemical results. A complete scleral cartilage similar to that seen in birds, reptiles and amphibians encloses the platypus eye. This feature is present in sharks and rays, and in extant relatives of tetrapods, the lungfishes. The choroid lacks a tapetum. The retina is largely avascular and is rod‐dominated, with a minority of red‐ and blue‐ cone immunoreactive photoreceptors. Like marsupials and many nonmammalian vertebrates, cones contain clear inner segment droplets. Double cones were present, a feature not found in eutherian mammals or marsupials. Evaluation of opsins indicates that red and blue immunoreactive cone opsins, but not rhodopsin, are present in the most basal of the extant species examined, the Pacific hagfish. Rhodopsin appears in the Australian and South American lungfishes, establishing emergence of this pigment in an extant relative of tetrapods. Unlike eyes of eutherian mammals, the platypus eye has retained morphologic features present in early tetrapods such as amphibians and their evolutionarily basal sister group, the lungfishes. These include scleral cartilage, double cones and cone droplets. In the platypus, as in other mammals, rod rhodopsin is the predominant photoreceptor pigment, at expense of the cone system. J. Morphol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification and Functional Analysis of Novel Nonstructural Proteins of Human Bocavirus 1

ABSTRACT Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is a single-stranded DNA parvovirus that causes lower respiratory tract infections in young children worldwide. In this study, we identified novel splice acceptor and donor sites, namely, A1′ and D1′, in the large nonstructural protein (NS1)-encoding region of the HBoV1 precursor mRNA. The novel small NS proteins (NS2, NS3, and NS4) were confirmed to be expressed following transfection of an HBoV1 infectious proviral plasmid and viral infection of polarized human airway epithelium cultured at an air-liquid interface (HAE-ALI). We constructed mutant pIHBoV1 infectious plasmids which harbor silent mutations (sm) smA1′ and smD1′ at the A1′ and D1′ splice sites, respectively. The mutant infectious plasmids maintained production of HBoV1 progeny virions at levels less than five times lower than that of the wild-type plasmid. Importantly, the smA1′ mutant virus that does not express NS3 and NS4 replicated in HAE-ALI as effectively as the wild-type virus; however, the smD1′ mutant virus that does not express NS2 and NS4 underwent an abortive infection in HAE-ALI. Thus, our study identified three novel NS proteins, NS2, NS3, and NS4, and suggests an important function of the NS2 protein in HBoV1 replication in HAE-ALI. IMPORTANCE Human bocavirus 1 infection causes respiratory diseases, including acute wheezing in infants, of which life-threatening cases have been reported. In vitro, human bocavirus 1 infects polarized human bronchial airway epithelium cultured at an air-liquid interface that mimics the environment of human lower respiratory airways. Viral nonstructural proteins are often important for virus replication and pathogenesis in infected tissues or cells. In this report, we identified three new nonstructural proteins of human bocavirus 1 that are expressed during infection of polarized human bronchial airway epithelium. Among them, we proved that one nonstructural protein is critical to the replication of the virus in polarized human bronchial airway epithelium. The creation of nonreplicating infectious HBoV1 mutants may have particular utility in vaccine development for this virus.
Treatment success of laser therapy for retinopathy of prematurity in referred and non-referred patients.

PURPOSE Comparison of laser therapy (LT) outcomes in patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) followed up in our clinic and referred from other centers. METHODS Medical records of 1,856 ROP patients were retrospectively evaluated, and a total of 128 patients who underwent LT were included in the study. The study population was divided into the following two groups: patients who were followed up and treated in our clinic (group 1, N=45) and patients who were referred to our clinic from other centers (group 2, N=83). Data regarding birth weight, sex, gestational age, postnatal treatment time, disease localization, and stage were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Treatment success was defined by anatomic success 6 months after treatment. RESULTS Patients in the referred group presented with a more advanced disease (p<0.01), a lower treatment success rate (p=0.01), and a longer time interval between diagnosis and LT (p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS The treatment success rate of ROP was significantly lower in referred patients because of the potential delay in LT and more advanced disease at the time of treatment initiation.
FOXP3 positive regulatory T‐cells in cutaneous and systemic CD30 positive T‐cell lymphoproliferations

The CD30‐positive lymphoproliferations encompass a spectrum of disorders that share histological and phenotypic similarities but differ markedly in clinical behaviour. The basis for this diversity is not known, but it has been proposed that immune suppression by cytokines and/or regulatory T‐cells (Tregs) may be implicated. In this study, skin biopsies from lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) (n = 14), primary cutaneous anaplastic large cells lymphoma (C‐ALCL) (n = 13) and systemic anaplastic large cells lymphoma (S‐ALCL) with (n = 9) or without (n = 6) ALK expression were examined by immunohistology for FOXP3 expression in tumour cells and tumour infiltrating Tregs. Labelling of a majority of the neoplastic cells was seen in one case of C‐ALCL. Another three cases (one LyP and two C‐ALCL) displayed weak labelling of very occasional atypical T‐cells. In the remaining 38 cases the atypical lymphoid infiltrate was FOXP3 negative. By contrast, all biopsies contained tumour infiltrating FOXP3‐positive Tregs. Significant higher numbers were recorded in ALK negative S‐ALCL and LyP than in C‐ALCL and S‐ALCL positive for ALK. In conclusion, it is shown that FOXP3 expression in cutaneous and systemic CD30‐positive lymphoproliferations is generally confined to tumour infiltrating Tregs. These cells may have influence upon the clinical behaviour, possibly depending upon the net degree of Treg mediated immune suppression of tumour cells relative to tumour infiltrating, cytotoxic effector cells, thereby implicating the more favourable outcome of LyP compared to C‐ALCL.
New thermoelectric components using microsystem technologies

This work describes the first thermoelectric devices based on the V-VI-compounds Bi/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ and (Bi,Sb)/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ which can be manufactured by means of regular thin film technology in combination with microsystem technology. Fabrication concept, material deposition for some 10-μm-thick layers and the properties of the deposited thermoelectric materials will be reported. First device properties for Peltier-coolers and thermogenerators will be shown as well as investigations on long term and cycling stability. Data on metal/semiconductor contact resistance were extracted form device data. Device characteristics like response time for a Peltier-cooler and power output for a thermogenerator will be compared to commercial devices.
An agent based positional model for opinion formation in social networks

Opinion leaders are individuals who have high confidence about their opinions and high ability to impact on opinion of other individuals named followers. In this paper we are going to introduce an agent based opinion formation model considering the leadership ability of social members. This ability is defined based on the position of agents in social structure. So each agent has a social status considering leadership ability. In our proposed model opinion of each agent can be modified based on the opinion of agents with higher status. By applying this model on two complete and scale free graphs, we have investigated the effect of opinion leader in opinion formation process. The results of our work can be applicable in competitive environments that different parties try to change the social opinion.
Determinants of Corporate Exchange Rate Exposure and Implications for Investors: Evidence from Chilean Firms

This paper investigates the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the value of non-financial firms in Chile. Using a detailed dataset on firms' foreign activities, the potential determinants of the identified exposure are examined. Foreign exchange exposure depends on the levels of foreign currency debt and foreign currency assets. Levels of tradeables (exports and imports) do not explain exposure. Chilean firms attempt real hedges through matching foreign assets and income with foreign debt. Also firms use debt and liquidity to reduce exposure in addition to any possible derivative usage. Other firm characteristics which proxy for corporate hedging are not significant. Further, using a portfolio approach, it is demonstrated that for an investor holding exposed firms, exchange rate variations yield economically significant returns during periods of currency depreciation and appreciation.
Impact of Soil Type and Compaction Conditions on Soil Water Characteristic

Tests were conducted to determine the variation of water content and pore water suction for compacted clayey soils. The soils had varying amounts of clay fraction with plasticities ranging from low to high plasticity. The unsaturated soil behavior was investigated for six conditions, covering a range of compactive efforts and water contents. The experimental data were fit to four commonly used models for the water content-pore water suction relationship. Each model provided a satisfactory fit to the experimental data. However, the individual parameters obtained from the curve fits varied significantly between models. The soil water characteristic curves (SWCCs) were more sensitive to changes in compaction effort than changes in compaction water content. At similar water contents, the pore water suction increased with increasing compaction effort for each compaction condition and soil type. For all compaction conditions, the lowest plasticity soils retained the smallest water content and the highest plasticity soils retained the highest water content at a specified suction. In addition, SWCCs for soils compacted in the laboratory and the field were similar.
Safe fixation with two acetabular screws after Ganz periacetabular osteotomy

Background and purpose With Ganz periacetabular osteotomy, the osteotomized acetabular fragment is reoriented in an adducted, extended, and rotated position. The acetabular fragment is fixated with 2 screws and the patients are allowed 30 kg of weight bearing immediately after surgery. We were interested in examining the stability of the reoriented acetabulum after Ganz osteotomy; thus, the migration of the acetabular fragment was assessed by radiostereometry. Patients and methods 32 dysplastic patients (27 females; 32 hips) were included in the study. Median age was 39 (20–57) years. Radiostereometric examinations were done at 1 week, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 6 months. Data are presented as mean (SD). Results 6 months postoperatively, the acetabular fragment had migrated 0.7 (0.8) mm medially, and 0.7 (0.5) mm proximally. Mean rotation in adduction was 0.5° (1.3). In other directions, mean migration was below 0.5 mm/°. There were no statistically significant differences in migration at 8 weeks and 24 weeks postoperatively regarding translation and rotation. Interpretation Due to the limited amount of migration, we find our postoperative partial weight-bearing regime safe.
Inactivation of MED‐1 elements in the TATA‐less, initiator‐less mouse thymidylate synthase promoter has no effect on promoter strength or the complex pattern of transcriptional start sites

The mouse thymidylate synthase (TS) promoter is a member of a family of promoters that lack a TATA box as well as an initiator element and that initiate transcription at many sites over a broad initiation window. An element (MED‐1) downstream of the initiation window of almost all promoters of this family has been proposed to be important for promoter activity, as well as for multiple start site utilization. Two consensus MED‐1 elements are located downstream of the initiation window of the TS promoter. To determine the role of the MED‐1 elements in the TS promoter, one or both elements were inactivated by site‐directed mutagenesis and the effects on promoter function were determined. We found that inactivation of the MED‐1 elements had no measurable effect on promoter strength, the boundaries of the initiation window, or the pattern of transcriptional start sites. Furthermore, inactivation of the elements did not affect the ability of the TS promoter to direct S phase‐specific expression of the gene in growth‐stimulated cells. We conclude that the MED‐1 element does not play a significant role in TS promoter function and therefore is not an essential component of all TATA‐less promoters with complex transcriptional initiation patterns. J. Cell. Biochem. 73:90–96, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.