Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding of the use of alcohol in pregnancy amongst women in Scotland

This thesis examines the use of alcohol in pregnancy amongst women in Scotland, post the introduction of a recommendation for abstinence in 2007 from alcohol during pregnancy. There is an ongoing debate over this recommendation, with some researchers highlighting abstinence as the safest choice but others indicating that such advice may generate excess fear and stress to mothers and can also be a way of stigmatising and controlling women. I argue that an increase in women’s alcohol consumption has also initiated a marked increase in attention towards the role of alcohol in women’s lives and the risks of drinking alcohol during pregnancy. This growing emphasis of the concern towards women drinking during pregnancy has come from the extension of the medicalisation of motherhood and the perception that the maternal-foetal relationship is strained. Biographical narrative interviews with 22 women in Edinburgh and Inverness are used to explore women's alcohol consumption during pregnancy in Scotland. Primarily with the aim to further the understanding of the social and cultural context of women’s alcohol consumption during pregnancy by examining women’s attitudes towards drinking during pregnancy and their awareness of the risks of consuming alcohol during pregnancy. It is my contention that there are many complex themes involved in women’s choices around drinking during pregnancy and that the change to abstinence has further led to the messages women receive being inconsistent, which leaves women in a state of confusion. I maintain that it is important that we recognise that women have different attitudes towards alcohol. Women cannot associate themselves with generalised statements about harm and risk. I explore how women respond to health interventions and their attitudes towards existing public health campaigns and health interventions. Consequently, I contend that women in this study reveal mixed attitudes towards these interventions as they often feel they gloss over the individuality of these decisions and their complexity within women’s lives by using a ‘one size fits all’ approach. Women therefore challenged the notion of harm and the evidence base behind the guidance, leading to a lack of confidence in the medical profession and an increasing reliance on lay health beliefs. It also draws upon the often overlooked importance of pleasure in women’s choices around alcohol consumption. The study highlights the importance of women’s experience, and the necessity of talking to women to further understand what influences their decision making around alcohol consumption during pregnancy. I argue that an attempt to trigger concern in pregnant women is inappropriate because of the lack of evidence into the risks caused by even moderate alcohol consumption.
A Fast Accurate LP Approach for Traffic Matrix Estimation

There has been much interest recently in “Internet Tomography” using inference methods to infer the size of the traffic flows in the traffic matrix because direct measurement of these flows has many technical difficulties. Previously, it was thought that Linear Programming (LP) methods produced poor results. We show, however, that using the interior-point method for Linear Programming, rather than the more traditional Simplex Method, we obtain very good results that are as fast and as accurate as the method of “Tomogravity” developed by AT&T.
Analysing conversational data with computer-aided content analysis: The importance of data partitioning

This article highlights the distinctive outcomes generated by different approaches to computer-aided content analysis, and discusses how partition decisions reveal or conceal possible data interpretations. Drawing on data collected from focus groups set up during a European research study, we demonstrate how the chosen encoding technique leads to different views of the same texts, regardless of the software chosen. This analysis produces a user’s guide for researchers who need to analyze conversations and concludes with a discussion of the implications for management and organization research.
Effect of Water Stress on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Yield in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

To determine the effects of water deficiency in reproductive growth stages of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) a field experiment was conducted as split-plot arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications in 2004-05 of Islamic Azad University research field of Zahedan, Iran. In this experiment, there were 4 levels of irrigation, S0: complete irrigation, S1: halted irrigation at squaring, S2: halted irrigation at 50% flowering, S3: halted irrigation at grain filling as main plot, and cultivars in 3 levels, V1: Zaria, V2: Alstar, V3: Azargol as sub factor. The result of this study highlight that irrigation treatments was significant on plant height, seed number of head, 1000 grain weight, yield grain, oil yield and oil percent. Most of grain yield, oil and oil percent were at complete irrigation. Experiment cultivars was different together from grain yield, oil yield, stem diagonal, seed number of plate, 1000 grain yield, plate diagonal, plant height, number of leaf and harvest index. The Azargol was better characteristics to other cultivars. In this experiment cultivars showed different reaction at halted irrigation treatments.
Síntomas, percepción y demanda de atención en salud mental en niños y adolescentes de la ciudad de México

Objectives. To estimate the prevalence of behavioral and emotional symptoms in children and adolescents; to identify parents’ perception of their children’s healthcare needs; and to estimate the frequency of seeking mental healthcare services. Material and Methods. A household survey was carried out between July and November 1995 in Mexico City. The survey was representative of persons aged 18 to 65 years. Study subjects were 1685 children 4 to 16 years of age and living in the same household as their parents. Informant parents provided data on their children regarding the presence of 27 symptoms, their perceptions of healthcare needs of symptomatic children, and mental healthcareseeking behaviors. Logistic regression was used for statistical analysis. Results. Symptoms were reported for half of the population. Twenty-five percent of children was perceived by their parents as in need for healthcare, and only 13% sought healthcare. Internalization symptoms were more frequently perceived by parents and led to seeking healthcare. Conclusions. Study findings suggest a delay in seeking mental healthcare in children and should be of value for clinicians, and to establish primary level mental healthcare policies and programs. The English version of this paper is available at: http://www.insp. mx/salud/index.html
Effects of Irrigation Amount and Irrigation Frequency on Flue-Cured Tobacco Evapotranspiration and Water Use Efficiency Based on Three-Year Field Drip-Irrigated Experiments

This study aimed to determine the effect of irrigation amount and irrigation frequency on drip-irrigated flue-cured tobacco evapotranspiration (ETa), yield, and water use efficiency. Four irrigation treatment levels were imposed: 100% IRT (fully irrigated treatment, no stress), 85% IRT, 70% IRT, RFT (rainfed treatment), and high, medium, and low irrigation frequencies were set. The relationship between irrigation volume and yield is a quadratic curve. The evapotranspiration had a positive relationship with the irrigation amount. The yield of flue-cured tobacco was the highest in 2016 (wet year), and the corresponding ETa was the smallest. The irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) in the driest year, 2017, was lower than IWUE in the wet years 2015 and 2016, and the crop water use efficiency (CWUE) had similar results for the three years. IWUE increased with irrigation amount. The effect of irrigation frequency on CWUE was not significant. The CWUE had a positive relationship with yield. No significant differences due to irrigation frequency were found for yield.
The Impact of Job Stress on Performance of Employees: A Study of Social Security Hospital of District Okara & Sahiwal

The aim of this research study is to determine the impact of job stress on performance of employees working in Social Security hospital of district Okara and Sahiwal in 2017. The factors of job stress studied were: workload, role ambiguity and role conflict. A sample of 204 employees was chosen by using purposive, non-probability sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed and 200 responses were fit to analysis. The data was analyzed using SPSS 21 software. The results were obtained by descriptive statistics, correlation; multiple regression and ANOVA tests. The findings showed that there is statistically significant positive effect of workload and role conflict on performance of employees while insignificant relationship shown by role ambiguity. The findings revealed that the hospital employees are facing the positive aspect of stress termed as good stress or Eustress. The present study is considered to be policy oriented as it would give an approach to various public hospitals that how to keep up a required level of stress in the organization that is responsible for the inefficiency of the employees. This study also provides valuable literatures to other research related to employee performance.
Applicability of the dual isotopes δ 15 N and δ 18 O to identify nitrate in groundwater beneath irrigated cropland

Identification of the nitrate sources that adversely impact groundwater quality is a necessary first step in the control of this major worldwide pollutant. The impact of nitrate leachate from urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) (50% urea-N, 25% ammonium-N, 25% nitrate-N) fertilizer, whose use has increased dramatically in the last three decades largely because it can be applied through sprinkler irrigation systems to corn in all growth stages, is investigated. The dual isotopes δNNO3 and δONO3 were measured in groundwater samples from 39 irrigation wells in two intensively sprinkler-irrigated, corn-growing areas of Nebraska with nitrate-contaminated (N > 10mg/L) groundwater and documented UAN use to ascertain whether nitrified ammonia and nitrate fertilizers can be distinguished in the High Plains aquifer. The areas, which are highly vulnerable to nitrate leaching and differ only in the composition and thickness of their unsaturated zones, are uniquely suited to provide scientific evidence of the feasibility of identifying nitrate fertilizer leachate in groundwater and thereby add significantly to the small body of existing and inconclusive data. The dual isotope method (DIM) results indicate that the nitrate contamination in 38 wells is mostly nitrified ammonium fertilizer. Most importantly, nitrate fertilizer from UAN was not identified isotopically in groundwater beneath almost all fields with documented heavy UAN use. This could be a potentially valuable finding for fertilizer management or it could convey limitations on the appropriateness of the DIM for nitrate fertilizer source identification in groundwater. Slightly enriched δNNO3 values in a few wells coincide with the practice of wintering cattle on corn stubble, which reportedly occurred more frequently in one focus area. The absence of natural soil-N leachates and denitrification in groundwater enabled an apparently reliable identification of manure leachates in both areas.
IWGDF Guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of foot infection in persons with diabetes

The International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) has published evidence-based guidelines on the prevention and management of diabetic foot disease since 1999. This guideline is on the diagnosis and treatment of foot infection in persons with diabetes, and updates the 2015 IWGDF infection guideline. Based on PICOs developed by the infection committee, in conjunction with internal and external reviewers and consultants, and on systematic reviews the committee conducted on the diagnosis of infection (new) and treatment of infection (updated from 2016), we offer 27 recommendations. These cover various aspects of diagnosing soft tissue and bone infection, including the classification scheme for diagnosing infection and its severity. Of note, we have updated this scheme for the first time since we developed it 15 years ago. We also review the microbiology of diabetic foot infections, including how to collect samples and to process them to identify causative pathogens. Finally, we discuss the approach to treating diabetic foot infections, including selecting appropriate empiric and definitive antimicrobial therapy for soft tissue and for bone infections, when and how to approach surgical treatment and which adjunctive treatments we think are or are not useful for the infectious aspects of diabetic foot problems. For this version of the guideline we also updated four tables and one figure from the 2016 guideline. We think that following the principles of diagnosing and treating diabetic foot infections outlined in this guideline can help clinicians to provide better care for these patients. © 2019 The International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot IWGDF Infection Guideline
Draft 1 2 Risk allocation : Acute and chronic predator exposure 3 have contrasting effects 4 on song sparrow ( Melospiza melodia ) singing behaviour 5 6

Journal: Canadian Journal of Zoology Manuscript ID cjz-2018-0147.R1 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 27-Jul-2018 Complete List of Authors: Ellison, Anne; Simon Fraser University Centre for Wildlife Ecology, Biological Sciences Ydenberg, Ronald; Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology Is your manuscript invited for consideration in a Special Issue? : Not applicable (regular submission)
Slow vital capacity parameters as indicators of pulmonary efficiency in obese people – A case control study -

Aims & Objective: Obesity is a global health hazard and has been linked to numerous disorders including derangement in pulmonary functions and the negative association is still debated. This study is aimed at assessing the effects of obesity on slow vital capacity parameters. Materials and methods: A case control study was used to measure pulmonary parameters and was performed with a computerized spirolyser (with RS-232 connectivity). Slow vital capacity parameters measured between obese and non-obese groups were statistically analysed using student ‘t’ test. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy & Pharmacology | 2012 | Vol 2 | Issue 1 | 29 – 32 RESEARCH ARTICLE Slow Vital Capacity Parameters as Indicators of Pulmonary Efficiency in Obese People – A Case Control Study Naveen Kotur1, Nanda Sappandi2, SL Karne3, Gurupadappa K4, Chidananda PS5 ABSTRACT Aims & Objective: Obesity is a global health hazard and has been linked to numerous disorders including derangement in pulmonary functions and the negative association is still debated. This study is aimed at assessing the effects of obesity on slow vital capacity parameters. Materials and methods: A case control study was used to measure pulmonary parameters and was performed with a computerized spirolyser (with RS-232 connectivity). Slow vital capacity parameters measured between obese and non-obese groups were statistically analysed using student ‘t’ test. Results: VC, ERV, IRV, IC and TV among obese were 2.78 ± 0.60, 0.59 ± 0.32, 1.70 ± 0.41, 2.27 ± 0.62 and 0.52 ± 0.23 in litre respectively. Same parameters among non-obese were 2.77 ± 0.61, 0.86 ± 0.37, 1.39 ± 0.53, 1.90 ± 0.47 and 0.53 ± 0.20 in litre respectively. Changes in ERV and IC was statistically highly significant (‘p’
Factors associated with tobacco use among rural and urban pregnant women

OF DISSERTATION Whitney Jeanne Katirai The Graduate School University of Kentucky 2011 FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TOBACCO USE AMONG RURAL AND URBAN PREGNANT WOMEN __________________________________ ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION __________________________________ A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in the College of Education at the University of Kentucky By Whitney Jeanne Katirai Louisville, KY Director: Dr. Melody Noland, Professor of Kinesiology and Health Promotion Lexington, KY 2011 Copyright © Whitney Jeanne Katirai 2011 ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATIONOF DISSERTATION FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TOBACCO USE AMONG RURAL AND URBAN PREGNANT WOMEN The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of smoking on rural and urban pregnant women. More specifically, the variables of the knowledge of health effects, health provider recommendations, subscores from the Health Belief Model (HBM), and social support were explored in relation to the smoking behavior of pregnant women. A secondary purpose was to investigate the accuracy of self-reported smoking during pregnancy using biochemical validation. Pregnant women (N=71) completed an anonymous questionnaire, designed by the researcher, to identify variables that predicted smoking for urban and rural women. Participants also gave a saliva sample for cotinine testing. Approximately 47% of rural participants and 49% of urban participants were classified as smokers. The overall smoking deception rate for the current study was 5.6%. The deception rate for rural and urban participants in this study was 2.8% and 8.6%, respectively. Variables were entered into a standard multiple regression analysis to predict smoking status of the pregnant women. Participants reporting barriers (a component of the HBM) to stopping smoking during pregnancy were significantly less likely to be smokers. Through t-test and chi-square analyses, other variables related to smoking status during pregnancy included: Marital status, financial source for the pregnancy, living with husband or boyfriend, mean scores of the participants‘ knowledge of the health effects of smoking during pregnancy, susceptibility and benefits (constructs of the HBM). Many healthcare providers performed 1A, 2A, and 3A; however, few completed the last step of 4A and none completed 5A. Implications for health promotion specialists include an increase in the education of pregnant women about the health risks of maternal smoking. Additional training for pre-natal healthcare providers is necessary in order to increase the number of healthcare providers that implement all of the 5A‘s. It is important to include the husband/boyfriend in any smoking cessation interventions since they have daily influence on the smoking status of the pregnant woman. Money used to conduct biochemical verification of maternal smoking status could be better spent on patient education of the health risks of smoking during pregnancy and physician education in implementing all 5A‘s in daily practice.
EFFECT OF LUBRICATING OIL ON BOILING HEAT TRANSFER OF CARBON DIOXIDE

In this study, the boiling heat transfer coefficient of carbon dioxide with PAG-type lubricating oil entrained from 0 wt% to 5 wt% in horizontal smooth tubes was experimentally investigated. Experiments were conducted using test tubes with inner diameters of 2–6 mm at mass fluxes of 170–320 kg/ms and heat fluxes of 4.5–36 kW/m. The saturation temperature was 15°C. In general, at a low oil concentration of approximately 0.5%–1%, the heat transfer coefficient decreased below half its value under the oil-free condition. This is because an oil-rich layer was formed near the heat transfer surface. However, no further decrease in the heat transfer coefficient was observed at higher oil concentrations. Similar to the case of the oil-free condition, the heat flux positively influenced the heat transfer coefficient in low quality regions. As the heat flux increases from 4.5 kW/m to 36 kW/m, the heat transfer coefficient increases by approximately 100%. However, no obvious influence was observed in high quality regions. This implies that nucleate boiling dominates in the low quality region, while it is suppressed in the high quality region. In contrast, when oil was used, the mass flux significantly influenced the heat transfer coefficient; as the mass flux increased from 360 kg/ms to 720 kg/ms, the maximum increase in the heat transfer was approximately 50%. In addition, the measured pressure drops increased monotonously due to the effect of lubricating oil. Keyword: Carbon dioxide; heat transfer coefficient; pressure drop; lubricating oil; boiling heat transfer; dryout
Consumer Boycotts: Corporate Response and Responsibility

Boycotts, once intended as short term signals to business to improve performance, are proving to have increasingly long term ramifications. Yet there is limited number of studies in consumer boycotts area and specifically on the effect of motivational factors. The current study investigates the effect of company response to crisis (appropriate vs. inappropriate) and company responsibility for the crisis (responsible vs. not responsible) on the perceived egregiousness of a company’s act, corporate image and boycott decision. Our study tests hypotheses and reports implications for marketing strategy and further research.
Personal and Professional Choices, Tensions, and Boundaries in the Lives of Lesbian Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses

This study breaks new ground in articulating how sexual identity impacts on the therapeutic relationship between the client and the lesbian nurse in psychiatric mental health nursing. There is little consideration given in the literature or in research as to how sexuality of the nurse impacts on nursing practice. Most attitudes held by the public and nursing staff are based on the assumption that everyone is heterosexual, including nurses. Fifteen lesbian psychiatric mental health nurses from throughout New Zealand volunteered for two interviews and shared their experiences of becoming and being a lesbian psychiatric mental health nurse. The stories they told give new insights into how these nurses negotiate and position their lesbian identity in the therapeutic relationship. To work therapeutically with people in mental distress the nurse uses personal information about themselves to gain rapport with the client through appropriate selfdisclosure. Being real, honest and authentic are also key concepts in this relationship so the negotiation of reveal/conceal of the nurse’s identity is central to ongoing therapeutic engagement. One of the most significant things arising from the research is that participants areable to maintain their honesty and authenticity in the therapeutic relationship whether they self-disclose their lesbian identity or not. This is because the experiences in their personal lives have influenced how the participants ‘know themselves’ and therefore guide how they ‘use self’ in their therapeutic nursing. The concept of a ‘licensed narrative’ has also been developed during this research reflecting the negotiated understandings between the researcher and the participants. Further, the use of NVivo a qualitative software package helps to track and make transparent the research processes. These two aspects make a unique contribution to the field of narrative inquiry.
Exploring the rural eco-economy and sustaina: beyond neoliberalism

Rural areas become central sites for the development of the post-carbon transition, yet this is a highly contested and contingent process whereby neo-liberal models of development and framings compete with the emergence of the alternative circular eco-economy. The paper argues for a grounded conceptual and empirical approach in tracing this overall process of sustainable placemaking. It explores three key highly contested dimensions: reflexive governance, distributed ecoeconomies, and re-financialisation, arguing that such explorations are critical in developing more sustainable rural-urban functionalities for the necessary postcarbon and post-neoliberal transition.