Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The jet/wind outflow in Centaurus A: A local laboratory for AGN feedback

We present new radio and optical images of the nearest radio galaxy Centaurus A and its host galaxy NGC 5128. We focus our investigation on the northern transition region, where energy is transported from the similar to 5 kpc (similar to 5 arcmin) scales of the northern inner lobe (NIL) to the similar to 30 kpc (similar to 30 arcmin) scales of the northern middle lobe (NML). Our Murchison Widefield Array observations at 154 MHz and our Parkes radio telescope observations at 2.3 GHz show diffuse radio emission connecting the NIL to the NML, in agreement with previous Australia Telescope Compact Array observations at 1.4 GHz. Comparison of these radio data with our wide-field optical emission-line images show the relationship between the NML radio emission and the ionized filaments that extend north from the NIL, and reveal a new ionized filament to the east, possibly associated with a galactic wind. Our deep optical images show clear evidence for a bipolar outflow from the central galaxy extending to intermediate scales, despite the non-detection of a southern radio counterpart to the NML. Thus, our observational overview of Centaurus A reveals a number of features proposed to be associated with active galactic nucleus feedback mechanisms, often cited as likely to have significant effects in galaxy evolution models. As one of the closest galaxies to us, Centaurus A therefore provides a unique laboratory to examine feedback mechanisms in detail.
Surface water availability and the management of herbivore distributions in an African savanna ecosystem

Savanna water management is predicated on the hypothesis that surface water availability can be manipulated at scales that influence herbivore distributions. Using a case study in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, we assess the contribution of perennial and ephemeral water sources to surface water availability in the dry season. We posit that surface water availability in savanna ecosystems exists along a continuum of being determined primarily by perennial or ephemeral water sources and propose that locating an ecosystem along this continuum provides a means to evaluate the utility of water management. We also develop general hypotheses about the relative response of herbivore species to ephemeral water sources. r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Spatial and temporal predictions of inter-decadal trends in Indian Ocean whale sharks

We thank the purse-seine vessel owners for access to log-book data and to the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission and the Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (France), in particular A. Fonteneau, M. Herrera and R. Pianet for data extraction and D. Rowat for data availability and help with interpretation. Our study was funded by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia and European Social Funds through A.M.M.S.'s PhD scholarship (SFRH/BD/47465/2008), The University of Adelaide, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Flying Sharks and the Portuguese Association for the Study and Conservation of Elasmobranchs.
Estimating vadose zone hydraulic properties using ground penetrating radar: The impact of prior information

A number of geophysical methods, such as ground‐penetrating radar (GPR), have the potential to provide valuable information on hydrological properties in the unsaturated zone. In particular, the stochastic inversion of such data within a coupled geophysical‐hydrological framework may allow for the effective estimation of vadose zone hydraulic parameters and their corresponding uncertainties. A critical issue in stochastic inversion is choosing prior parameter probability distributions from which potential model configurations are drawn and tested against observed data. A well chosen prior should reflect as honestly as possible the initial state of knowledge regarding the parameters and be neither overly specific nor too conservative. In a Bayesian context, combining the prior with available data yields a posterior state of knowledge about the parameters, which can then be used statistically for predictions and risk assessment. Here we investigate the influence of prior information regarding the van Genuchten‐Mualem (VGM) parameters, which describe vadose zone hydraulic properties, on the stochastic inversion of crosshole GPR data collected under steady state, natural‐loading conditions. We do this using a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) inversion approach, considering first noninformative uniform prior distributions and then more informative priors derived from soil property databases. For the informative priors, we further explore the effect of including information regarding parameter correlation. Analysis of both synthetic and field data indicates that the geophysical data alone contain valuable information regarding the VGM parameters. However, significantly better results are obtained when we combine these data with a realistic, informative prior.
Experimental demonstration of quantum gain in a zero-sum game

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a zero-sum game that is in a fair Nash equilibrium for classical players, but has the property that a quantum player can always win using an appropriate strategy. The gain of the quantum player is measured experimentally for different quantum strategies and input states. It is found that the quantum gain is maximized by a maximally entangled state, but does not decrease to zero when entanglement disappears. Instead, it links with another kind of quantum correlation described by discord for the qubit case and the connection is demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally.
How to Build Consensus in a Health-Oriented Online Community: Modeling a “Pro-Ana” Forum

Cet article presente un modele multi-agents a partir d’un forum internet sur la sante. Si la litterature recente demontre la pertinence des approches de reseau pour comprendre les mecanismes de formation du consensus au sein des groupes de pairs en ligne, le processus dynamique d’ajustement mutuel des orientations de sante des participants a rarement ete explore. Notre modele est fonde sur les donnees qualitatives collectees au moyen d’entretiens semi-directifs avec des utilisateurs d’internet atteints de troubles des conduites alimentaires, souvent stigmatises en raison des controverses entourant les sites « pro-ana » (anorexie). Les fils de discussion qui se deroulent dans le forum, exprimant un eventail d’orientations en matiere de sante allant de l’extreme « pro-pathologie » jusqu’aux postures « pro-guerison », forment un melange de reactions conflictuelles ou de soutien pouvant declencher des changements dans les orientations des membres au cours du temps. Nous developpons une simulation informatique d’echanges de messages dans un forum, decrivant des micro-comportements par un simple mecanisme d’influence. Ensuite, nous complexifions le contexte macro pour prendre en compte les effets du renouvellement des effectifs (la possibilite de sortir et/ou d’entrer dans le forum) et du changement du taux de participation active des membres aux discussions. Notre modele montre que, dans des conditions empiriquement plausibles, les orientations pro-guerison moderees sont plus susceptibles d’emerger que celles plus radicales, refusant la mediation medicale. Ces resultats permettent de produire des recommandations en termes de politiques publiques, afin de concevoir des campagnes efficaces d’information en matiere de sante, et de signaler qu’il faut en particulier eviter les restrictions d’acces ou le filtrage de ces communautes en ligne.
Particle-Hole Symmetry in the Fermion-Chern-Simons and Dirac Descriptions of a Half-Filled Landau Level

It is well known that there is a particle-hole symmetry for spin-polarized electrons with two-body interactions in a partially filled Landau level, which becomes exact in the limit where the cyclotron energy is large compared to the interaction strength, so one can ignore mixing between Landau levels. This symmetry is explicit in the description of a half-filled Landau level recently introduced by D. T. Son, using Dirac fermions, but it was thought to be absent in the older fermion-Chern- Simons approach, developed by Halperin, Lee, and Read and subsequent authors. We show here, however, that when properly evaluated, the Halperin, Lee, Read (HLR) theory gives results for long-wavelength low-energy physical properties, including the Hall conductance in the presence of impurities and the positions of minima in the magnetoroton spectra for fractional quantized Hall states close to half-filling, that are identical to predictions of the Dirac formulation. In fact, the HLR theory predicts an emergent particle-hole symmetry near half filling, even when the cyclotron energy is finite.
Temperature, flow, and the migration of adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in the Columbia River

We related the arrival timing of adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) at a series of dams on the Columbia River (Bonneville, McNary, and Rock Island) and Snake River (Ice Harbor) to the changing flow and temperature regimes over the last several decades. The temperatures experienced by sockeye salmon have increased in the lower but not upper reaches of the system, and the flows experienced by the fish have decreased. The Bonneville-McNary travel rate increased from about 22 to 49 km/day, and sockeye salmon now pass McNary Dam about 11 days earlier than in 1954. Both travel rate and arrival date were correlated with temperature increases and flow decreases at McNary during that period. Sockeye salmon arrival at Rock Island Dam (14 days earlier from 1933 to 1994) was also correlated with temperature and flow there. However, the travel rate between McNary and Rock Island dams did not change from 1955 to 1994, despite a decrease in estimated water velocity from 85 to 23 km/day. Sockeye salmon arrival at .
Evaluation of fine needle aspiration cytology of cervical lymphadenopathy in Bir Hospital

Background & Objectives: To correlate FNAC of cervical lymphadenopathy with the histopathology. Materials and Methods : Prospective study on 67 patients with cervical lymphadenopathy at the ENT Department, Bir Hospital, from January 2013 to July 2014. Patients were subjected to both FNAC and histopathology. Results: Thirty cases (44.8%) were females and 37 cases (55.2%) were males. Tuberculosis was most common disease in 30(44.80%) patients. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC to diagnose tubercular lymphadenopathies were 83.0%, 100.0%, and 92.54% respectively. Overall correlation of FNAC to histopathology was 86.57%. Conclusion: FNAC is very simple and accurate technique for diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy. JCMS Nepal. 2015;11(1): 22-25
Formation of mesosiderites by fragmentation and reaccretion of a large differentiated asteroid

Abstract— We propose that mesosiderites formed when a 200–400 km diameter asteroid with a molten core was disrupted by a 50–150 km diameter projectile. To test whether impacts can excavate core iron and mix it with crustal material, we used a low‐resolution, smoothed‐particle hydrodynamics computer simulation. For 50–300 km diameter differentiated targets, we found that significant proportions of scrambled core material (and hence potential mesosiderite metal material) could be generated. For near‐catastrophic impacts that reduce the target to 80% of its original diameter and about half of its original mass, the proportion of scrambled core material would be about 5 vol%, equivalent to ∼10 vol% of mesosiderite‐like material. The paucity of olivine in mesosiderites and the lack of metal‐poor or troilite‐rich meteorites from the mesosiderite body probably reflect biased sampling. Mesosiderites may be olivine‐poor because mantle material was preferentially excluded from the metal‐rich regions of the reaccreted body. Molten metal globules probably crystallized around small, cool fragments of crust hindering migration of metal to the core. If mantle fragments were much hotter and larger than crustal fragments, little metal would have crystallized around the mantle fragments allowing olivine and molten metal to separate gravitationally. The rapid cooling rates of mesosiderites above 850 °C can be attributed to local thermal equilibration between hot and cold ejecta. Very slow cooling below 400 °C probably reflects the large size of the body and the excellent thermal insulation provided by the reaccreted debris. We infer that our model is more plausible than an earlier model that invoked an impact at ∼1 km/s to mix projectile metal with target silicates. If large impacts cannot effectively strip mantles from asteroidal cores, as we infer, we should expect few large eroded asteroids to have surfaces composed purely of mantle or core material. This may help to explain why relatively few olivine‐rich (A‐type) and metal‐rich asteroids (M‐type) are known. Some S‐type asteroids may be scrambled differentiated bodies.
Clinical value of non-invasive monitoring of cerebral hemodynamics for evaluating intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Objective: To explore the clinical value of non-invasive monitoring of cerebral hemodynamics for evaluating intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) was employed to detect the hemodynamics of bilateral middle cerebral arteries, including systolic blood fl ow velocity (Vp), diastolic blood fl ow velocity (Vd), average fl ow velocity (Vm), pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) in 52 patients with moderate to severe TBI. At the same time, the CPP, ICP and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) were monitored. The correlations between hemodynamics and MABP, ICP as well as CPP were analyzed. Results: The PI and RI were positively related to the ICP (r=0.881, P<0.0001; r=0.789, P<0.0001). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed PI was closely associated with ICP (ICP=-8.593+24.295PI; t=13.216, P<0.0001) and signifi cant correlation was also found between CPP and PI as well as MABP (CPP=15.596-22.886PI+0.910MABP; F= 76.597, P<0.0001). Conclusion: Non-invasive monitoring of cerebral hemodynamics by TCD can refl ect the real time changes in the ICP and CPP and may be used as an effective tool to monitor the ICP and CPP. This method is non-invasive, safe, cheap, repeatable and applicable in clinical practice.
The price impact of the disposition effect on the ex-dividend day of NYSE and AMEX common stocks

We empirically test whether the disposition effect has an asymmetrical impact on the price adjustment on the ex-dividend day of common stocks listed in NYSE and AMEX during the 2001–2008 period. We find that stocks with accrued gains have a greater ex-day price drop ratio (PDR) than stocks with accrued losses. We also find a positive relationship between the PDR and the capital gains overhang that has significant explanatory power over the cross-sectional variability of the PDR. Moreover, the capital gains overhang seems to explain part of the time variation of the PDR for a particular stock that can be a winner or loser at different times. We attribute our results to the disposition effect because active (limited) selling by holders of winning (losing) stocks will most likely accelerate (restrain) the downward price adjustment on the ex-dividend day.
1 COVARIANCE OF MICROFOSSIL ASSEMBLAGES AND MICROBIALITE TEXTURES ACROSS A LATE MESOPROTEROZOIC CARBONATE PLATFORM

Nodular and bedded cherts of the upper Mesoproterozoic Angmaat (formerly Society Cliffs) Formation, Baffin and Bylot islands, preserve microfossils and primary petrofabrics that record microbial mat deposition and lithification across a range of peritidal carbonate environments. Five distinct microfossil assemblages document the distribution of matbuilding and mat-dwelling populations across a gradient from restricted, frequently exposed flats to more persistently subaqueous environments. Mats built primarily by thin filamentous or coccoidal cyanobacteria give way to a series of more robust forms that show increasing assemblage diversity with decreasing evidence of subaerial exposure. Distinct fabric elements are associated with each microbial assemblage, and aspects of these petrofabrics are recognizably preserved within unsilicified carbonates. These include some features that are distinctly geologic in nature (e.g., seafloor cements) and others that reflect microbial growth and decomposition (e.g., tufted microbialites). A particularly distinctive, micro-nodular fabric is here interpreted as carbonate infilling of primary voids within microbial mat structures. Such structures mark the confluence of cyanobacterial photosynthesis that produced oxygen gas, filamentous mat builders that imparted the coherence necessary to trap gas bubbles, elevated carbonate saturation required to preserve void fabrics via penecontemporaneous cementation, and a relative paucity of detrital sediment that would have inhibited mat growth. Petrofabrics preserved in Angmaat samples are widespread in late Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic carbonate successions but are rare thereafter, perhaps recording, at least in part, the declining carbonate saturation state of seawater. Covariation of microfossil assemblages with petrofabrics in both silicified and unsilicified carbonates supports hypotheses that link stromatolite microstructure to the composition and diversity of mat communities.
On Congruence between Brand and Human Personalities

Purpose – The purpose of this research paper is to uncover the relations between brand and human personality by identifying brand preferences of consumers with different personality types.Design/methodology/approach – Based on the existing literature, 15 propositions are suggested linking Ekelund's DI types as parsimonious proxies of human personality and brand personality dimensions as suggested by Aaker. Propositions were tested through statistical analysis of survey data collected in two stages.Findings – It was found that consumers prefer brands with personalities that match their own. For example, consumers with Blue DI type exhibit clear aversion from the excitement dimension of brand personality, whereas consumers with Red DI type exhibit clear preference for the sincerity dimension of brand personality. No clear findings emerged concerning the Green DI type, mostly likely linked to the individualistic, non‐conformist and innovative orientations of such individuals. In addition data revealed a poss.
Striking coat colour variation in tuco‐tucos (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae): a role for the melanocortin‐1 receptor?

South American tuco-tucos (Ctenomys) are characterized by striking variation in coat colour. A range of phenotypes, from pale blonde to dark black, is observed across species, with some of them matching their local substrate colour. Moreover, phenotypic convergence is evident in some taxa that occupy similar habitats. The present study investigated a role for the melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r) in determining coat-colour variation in a wide range of Ctenomys species. We sequenced 1250 bp, including the entire Mc1r coding region and a portion of the adjacent 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions, in 21 species. In total, 20 amino acid replacements were identified in Mc1r. However, our findings suggest that these changes have not contributed to coat-colour differences among tuco-tucos because no amino acid replacement was associated with pigmentation phenotype in a simple way. Levels of Mc1r expression were measured in skin samples from dorsal, flank, and ventral body regions in pale, brown, and melanic individuals. We did not observe any significant difference in transcript abundance among phenotypes, although we identified a significant reduction of expression level from the dorsal to ventral region in both pale and brown morphs but not in the completely melanic form. Thus, a role for Mc1r regulation in tuco-tucos colour pattern cannot be completely ruled out, although further functional assays are needed. Finally, selection analysis suggests that Mc1r, in a majority of lineages, has evolved under purifying selection but with relaxation in functional constraint in some regions, especially in the fourth transmembrane domain. In summary, the results obtained in the present study suggest that this trait may have a complex basis, and that other pigmentation genes are involved in generating the dramatic diversity in coat-colour phenotypes observed among Ctenomys species. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 105, 665–680.
Exposure to Tobacco Promotional Activities in South Western Nigeria-A Survey and Policy Implications

Background: Restrictions on direct tobacco advertisements resulted in the use of subtle promotional methods by tobacco industries. Few studies have evaluated the pattern of exposure to promotional activities in Nigeria despite recent calls for increased tobacco control. This study aimed to examine exposure to tobacco related information and promotional activities in a sample of Nigerian undergraduates with a view to highlighting policy implications. Method: This is a cross sectional survey of a sample of Nigerian undergraduates. A subset of key questions from the global adult tobacco survey instrument was administered to obtain relevant information on exposure to tobacco smoking and smoking status. Questions adapted from the Smoking Knowledge Attitude and practice instrument (S-KAP) were used to assess level of respondents’ knowledge. Results: Almost all the participants (99%) had been exposed to tobacco promotional efforts in the past 30 days. These included use of clothing or other items with a cigarette brand or logo (30.4%), movies (27.6%), musical videos (23.9%), stores advertising cigarette use (22.8%), free gifts or discounts on buying cigarettes (15.6%) and free cigarette samples (9.2%). Male students were more likely to have been exposed to tobacco related information on musical videos (P =0.032) and clothing items or brand merchandise (P = 0.003). Conclusion: Despite the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control’s (FCTC) recommendations, the media and branded items remain significant tools for tobacco promotional activities in this sample of Nigerian undergraduates with potential implications. This suggests that there may be a need for a review of existing policies and legal framework for tobacco related activities.
CoP-Networks: Virtual Spaces for New Faculty’s Professional Development in the 21st Higher Education

 Abstract — The 21 st century higher education and globalization challenge new faculty members to build effective professional networks and partnership with industry in order to accelerate their growth and success. This creates the need for community of practice (CoP)-oriented development approaches that focus on cognitive apprenticeship while considering individual predisposition and future career needs. This work adopts data mining, clustering analysis, and social networking technologies to present the CoP-Network as a virtual space that connects together similar career-aspiration individuals who are socially influenced to join and engage in a process for domain-related knowledge and practice acquisitions. The CoP-Network model can be integrated into higher education to extend traditional graduate and professional development programs.