Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surfacing the voices of the other: female entrepreneurs in Manila

A distinct demarcation between conventional opportunity entrepreneurs and variously defined necessity entrepreneurs exists in the developmental entrepreneurship literature. We argue that these distinctions are problematic and have the potential to limit necessity entrepreneurs through policy and practice aimed at those who are most often constructed as perpetually poor, unwilling, and poor contributors to development. Further, this study demonstrates that this discursively created necessity entrepreneur is not reflected in the constructions of the entrepreneurial selves of Filipino women entrepreneurs. Their reasons for entering entrepreneurship are fluid and complex, and include reasons normally reserved for opportunity entrepreneurs, such as pursuing perceived opportunities, resistance to harsh social and economic conditions, and a desire to contribute to economic and social development. The findings speak to the need to challenge taken for granted assumptions and to be mindful of the roles of power and privilege in everyday assumptions.
Re-Evaluating The Keynesian Multiplier: Critiques And Evidence From Europe

This paper starts from Keynes’ General Theory to demonstrate the existence of a non-linear Keynesian multiplier on the grounds of cross-country data. Thus, we prove the effectiveness of short-run countercyclical exogenous stimuli during downturns. The role of fiscal spending is discussed in light of different schools of thought, including the well-known “expansionary fiscal contraction” theory. Moreover, we examine the European fiscal rules of convergence – aimed to sovereign debt sustainability – that affect the size of “fiscal space”. Empirical data from several Eurozone countries provide evidence of traditional multipliers. Furthermore, the Greek economy displays a non-linear case of multiplier. This leads to rejecting the assumption of a weak Keynesian setting, which supported instead the IMF-backed fiscal contraction.
Using a Verification Test for Determination of V[Combining Dot Above]O2max in Sedentary Adults With Obesity

Abstract Sawyer, BJ, Tucker, WJ, Bhammar, DM, and Gaesser, GA. Using a verification test for determination of V[Combining Dot Above]O2max in sedentary adults with obesity. J Strength Cond Res 29(12): 3432–3438, 2015—A constant-load exercise bout to exhaustion after a graded exercise test to verify maximal oxygen uptake (V[Combining Dot Above]O2max) during cycle ergometry has not been evaluated in sedentary adults with obesity. Nineteen sedentary men (n = 10) and women (n = 9) with obesity (age = 35.8 ± 8.6 years; body mass index [BMI] = 35.9 ± 5.1 kg·m−2; body fat percentage = 44.9 ± 7.2) performed a ramp-style maximal exercise test (ramp), followed by 5–10 minutes of active recovery, and then performed a constant-load exercise bout to exhaustion (verification test) on a cycle ergometer for determination of V[Combining Dot Above]O2max and maximal heart rate (HRmax). V[Combining Dot Above]O2max did not differ between tests (ramp: 2.29 ± 0.71 L·min−1, verification: 2.34 ± 0.67 L·min−1; p = 0.38). Maximal heart rate was higher on the verification test (177 ± 13 b·min−1 vs. 174 ± 16 b·min−1; p = 0.03). Thirteen subjects achieved a V[Combining Dot Above]O2max during the verification test that was ≥2% (range: 2.0–21.0%; 0.04–0.47 L·min−1) higher than during the ramp test, and 8 subjects achieved a HRmax during the verification test that was 4–14 b·min−1 higher than during the ramp test. Duration of verification or ramp tests did not affect V[Combining Dot Above]O2max results, but the difference in HRmax between the tests was inversely correlated with ramp test duration (r = −0.57, p = 0.01). For both V[Combining Dot Above]O2max and HRmax, differences between ramp and verification tests were not correlated with BMI or body fat percentage. A verification test may be useful for identifying the highest V[Combining Dot Above]O2max and HRmax during cycle ergometry in sedentary adults with obesity.
THE EVOLUTION OF SPECIES' DISTRIBUTIONS: RECIPROCAL TRANSPLANTS ACROSS THE ELEVATION RANGES OF MIMULUS CARDINALIS AND M. LEWISII

Abstract Every species occupies a limited geographic area, but it remains unclear why traits that limit distribution do not evolve to allow range expansion. Hypotheses for the evolutionary stability of geographic ranges assume that species are maladapted at the range boundary and unfit beyond the current range, but this assumption has rarely been tested. To examine how fitness varies across species' ranges, we reciprocally transplanted two species of monkeyflowers, Mimulus cardinalis and M. lewisii, within and beyond their present elevation ranges. We used individuals of known parentage from populations collected across the elevation ranges of both species to examine whether populations are adapted to position within the range. For both species we found the greatest average fitness at elevations central within the range, reduced fitness at the range margin, and zero or near-zero fitness when transplanted beyond their present elevation range limits. However, the underlying causes of fitness variation differed between the species. At high elevations beyond its range, M. cardinalis displayed reduced growth and fecundity, whereas at low elevations M. lewisii experienced high mortality. Weak differences in performance were observed among populations within each species and these were not related to elevation of origin. Low fitness of both species at their range margin and weak differentiation among populations within each species suggest that adaptation to the environment at and beyond the range margin is hindered, illustrating that range margins provide an interesting system in which to study limits to adaptation.
Pathways for the amplification of agroecology

ABSTRACT A transition to an agriculture based on agroecological principles would provide rural families with significant socioeconomic and environmental benefits. If agroecology has such great potential to feeding the world, why it is not adopted more widely by farmers? Most research analyzing factors needed for scaling up agroecology focuses on the social and policy dimensions. Herein we argue that a key challenge for the amplification of agroecology lies in the translation of agroecological principles into practical strategies for soil, water, and biodiversity management to enhance production and resilience. We use old and recent case studies to understand how amplification of agroecology has happened, both in numbers of farmers and at a larger geographical scale. We focus on two main strategies that have proven effective in the past: (a) the revival of traditional agricultural systems which offer promising models of sustainability and resilience and (b) the creation of “agroecological lighthouses” from which principles radiate out to local communities, helping them to build the basis of an agricultural strategy that promotes efficiency, diversity, synergy, and resiliency. Such agroecological strategies must be complemented by policies and solidarity market arrangements to provide economic viability to the amplification of agroecology.
The expression of pluripotency marker Oct 3/4 in prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia

Oct 3/4 (Octamer 3/4), a member of POU family has been considered as an important stem cell marker and essential transcription factor during human embryogenesis. In recent years, there have also been reports on presence of Oct 3/4 in differentiated benign and malignant human cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the transcription and the protein expression of Oct 3/4 isoforms in prostate cancer and benign prostate tissue.
Mixed infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in a murine lesion model: potential synergistic effects on virulence.

These studies determined the characteristics of tissue destruction in a murine abscess model elicited by mixed infection with the periodontopathogens Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The interbacterial effects of this synergism, the kinetics of the relationship of the bacterial interaction, and the characteristics of the bacteria required for the tissue destruction were studied. Infection of mice with P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum strains elicited lesions of various sizes as a function of infective dose. Primary infection with F. nucleatum plus P. gingivalis at various ratios (i.e., <1:1) resulted in a significantly greater lesion size (P < 0.001) compared with that resulting from primary infection with P. gingivalis alone. At F. nucleatum/P. gingivalis ratios of > or = 1:1, spreading lesion formation and progression were significantly (P < 0.001) decreased, suggesting that bacterial interaction (i.e., coaggregation) may have inhibited the spread of the P. gingivalis infection to a site distant from the initial injection. Infection with F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis simultaneously (at different sites) or F. nucleatum administered within 4 h prior to or 1 h following P. gingivalis infection significantly enhanced the ability of P. gingivalis to form large phlegmonous lesions. Chemical inhibition of the P. gingivalis trypsin-like protease activity or the use of a trypsin-negative P. gingivalis strain abrogated tissue destruction either alone or in combination with F. nucleatum. Therefore, it was possible to examine aspects of virulence of these pathogens in a murine lesion model by either altering bacterial ratios, manipulating the time of infection, or targeting vital bacterial virulence factors.
Functional Recruitment of the Human Complement Inhibitor C4BP to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Outer Membrane Protein Ail

Ail is a 17-kDa chromosomally encoded outer membrane protein that mediates serum resistance (complement resistance) in the pathogenic Yersiniae (Yersinia pestis, Y. enterocolitica, and Y. pseudotuberculosis). In this article, we demonstrate that Y. pseudotuberculosis Ail from strains PB1, 2812/79, and YPIII/pIB1 (serotypes O:1a, O:1b, and O:3, respectively) can bind the inhibitor of the classical and lectin pathways of complement, C4b-binding protein (C4BP). Binding was observed irrespective of serotype tested and independently of YadA, which is the primary C4BP receptor of Y. enterocolitica. Disruption of the ail gene in Y. pseudotuberculosis resulted in loss of C4BP binding. Cofactor assays revealed that bound C4BP is functional, because bound C4BP in the presence of factor I cleaved C4b. In the absence of YadA, Ail conferred serum resistance to strains PB1 and YPIII, whereas serum resistance was observed in strain 2812/79 in the absence of both YadA and Ail, suggesting additional serum resistance factors. Ail from strain YPIII/pIB1 alone can mediate serum resistance and C4BP binding, because its expression in a serum-sensitive laboratory strain of Escherichia coli conferred both of these phenotypes. Using a panel of C4BP mutants, each deficient in a single complement control protein domain, we observed that complement control protein domains 6–8 are important for binding to Ail. Binding of C4BP was unaffected by increasing heparin or salt concentrations, suggesting primarily nonionic interactions. These results indicate that Y. pseudotuberculosis Ail recruits C4BP in a functional manner, facilitating resistance to attack from complement.
[Plasma citrulline as a marker of loss of enterocitary mass in coeliac disease in childhood].

INTRODUCTION Plasma citrulline is not incorporated in endogenous or exogenous proteins so it is a theoretical marker of villous atrophy. Our aim was to correlate plasma citrulline levels with severity of villous atrophy in celiac patients. METHODS Observational case-control study longitudinal in children 16 month-old to 14 year-old: 48 with untreated celiac disease, 9 celiac children under gluten free diet and 35 non-celiac healthy children. Plasma amino acids concentration is determined, expressed in μmol/L, and so are other clinical and analytical data. RESULTS No statistically significative difference found in the referring to BMI, age or renal function. Small increase in fecal fat in celiac children. Citrulline, arginine and glutamine are significantly lower in cases (17.7 μmol/l, 38.7 μmol/l, 479.6 μmol/l respectively) than in controls (28.9 μmol/l, 56.2 μmol/l, 563.7 μmol/l). Citrulline levels are significantly lower in the severe degrees of atrophy than in mild ones (13.8 μmol/l vs. 19.7 μmol/l, p < 0.05), not happening so with rest of amminoacids. SUMMARY Postabsortive mean of plasma citrulline is a good marker of reduction in enterocyte mass in celiac patients with villous atrophy; secondary reduction in plasma arginine too. Just a small histological alteration in intestinal biopsy is enough to differentiate citrulline in cases and controls and besides it can be seen that high levels of atrophy present with lower plasma citrulline.
Factors That Might Impact Intrathecal Drug Delivery (IDD) Dose Escalation: A Longitudinal Study

Intrathecal drug delivery (IDD) system with implantable pumps has been used to treat cancer‐related pain as well as noncancer‐related chronic pain. Opioids, including morphine and hydromorphone, are the most commonly used intrathecal (IT) agents. Although technology, techniques, and knowledge of IDD have improved, dose escalation occurs relatively rapidly in noncancer pain.
The paradox of employee psychological well-being practices: an integrative literature review and new directions for research

Abstract It is well established that many HR practices aimed at increasing employees’ psychological wellbeing (PWB) and organisational performance conflict and even contradict one another. We address this long-standing issue by undertaking an innovative integrative literature review using the paradox metatheory as a lens. Unlike the contingency approach, a paradox perspective deems real-world tensions as normal, which can also be harnessed, and benefit employees and the organisation. We make three contributions; firstly, we identify contradictory employee PWB and organisational performance HR practices; secondly, we offer a solution in addressing the inherent tension between PWB and organisational performance by developing a new sensemaking conceptual framework; and thirdly, we offer a more nuanced perspective of prevailing arguments by distinguishing endogenous factors that organisations can influence to enhance the synergies between employee PWB and organisational performance HR practices. The intended impact of this paper is to instigate a paradigm shift and shape a new trajectory of thinking about how employee PWB and organisational performance practices can exist side-by-side.
Weaker Jobs, Weaker Innovation. Exploring The Temporary Employment-Product Innovation Nexus

This work explores the relationship between temporary employment and product innovation focusing on five major European economies (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the Netherlands) observed between 1998 and 2012. Building on the conceptual framework proposed by Kleinknecht et al. (2014), the analysis distinguishes sectors according to their technological characteristics and regimes finding that industries using temporary employment tend to have a weaker product innovation propensity. The negative correlation between temporary employment and innovation is stronger in medium and hightech sectors, identified using both the "Cumulativeness" proxy stemming from Peneder's classification (Peneder, 2010) as well as distinguishing between different Schumpeterian regimes - Schumpeter Mark I vs II - of knowledge accumulation.
S-2-PENTYL-4-PENTYNOIC HYDROXAMIC ACID AND ITS METABOLITE S-2-PENTYL-4-PENTYNOIC ACID IN THE NMRI-EXENCEPHALY-MOUSE MODEL: PHARMACOKINETIC PROFILES, TERATOGENIC EFFECTS, AND HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITION ABILITIES OF FURTHER VALPROIC ACID HYDROXAMATES AND AMIDES

Structure-activity relationship studies of valproic acid (VPA) derivatives have revealed a quantitative correlation between histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition and induction of neural tube defects (NTDs) in the NMRI-exencephaly-mouse model, but this correlation has been, so far, limited to congeners with a carboxylic acid function. Whereas the classical HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A is active only as a hydroxamate but not as a carboxylic acid, we found that neither VPA amides nor hydroxamates inhibit HDACs, but can cause NTDs; e.g., 2-pentyl-4-pentynoic hydroxamic acid with its S-enantiomer being the potent teratogen. We therefore investigated the hypothesis that hydroxamic acid derivatives of VPA might be metabolized in vivo and may possibly be pro-teratogenic, as had been shown for valpromide but not valproic hydroxamic acid. We developed two stereoselective quantification methods based on chiral derivatization of VPA hydroxamates with (1R,2S,5R)-(–)-menthylchloroformate and carboxylic acid derivatives with (S)-(–)-1-naphthylethylamine, followed by gas chromatography-nitrogen phosphor detector analysis of biological samples. We then determined the pharmacokinetic profiles of S-2-pentyl-4-pentynoic hydroxamic acid and of S-2-pentyl-4-pentynoic acid in mice. S-2-Pentyl-4-pentynoic hydroxamic acid was found to be extensively metabolized to the corresponding carboxylic acid without affecting the stereochemistry at position C2. Furthermore, the metabolite S-2-pentyl-4-pentynoic acid was found to be very stable in vivo, with an extended half-life of 4.2 h compared with that of VPA, 1.4 h. Comparison of the individual HDAC inhibition abilities of additional VPA amides and hydroxamates, as measured by cellular and enzymatic assays, led us to the conclusion that both classes of VPA derivatives can be pro-teratogenic.
An evidence-based review of the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosocial issues post-spinal cord injury.

STUDY DESIGN Systematic review. OBJECTIVE To examine the evidence supporting the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for improving psychosocial outcomes in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). METHOD Electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PsycINFO) were searched for studies published between 1990 and October 2010. Randomized control trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized control trials (non-RCTs) utilizing a CBT intervention to improve psychosocial outcomes (depressive symptomatology, anxiety, coping, and adjustment to disability) in outpatient persons with SCI were included for review. Levels of evidence were assigned to each study using a modified Sackett scale. Effect size calculations for the interventions were provided where possible. RESULTS Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies reviewed included two RCTs, six prospective controlled trials (PCTs) and one cohort study. All studies examined at least two groups. There is Level 1 and Level 2 evidence supporting the use of specialized CBT protocols in persons with SCI for improving outcomes related to depression, anxiety, adjustment, and coping. CONCLUSIONS CBT holds promise as an effective approach for persons with SCI experiencing depression, anxiety, adjustment, and coping problems. As CBT may involve many different components, it is important in the future to determine which of these elements alone or in combination is most effective in treating the emotional consequences of SCI.
Saudi Women's Experiences of Control and Engagement as Employees in Private Universities

Saudi Women’s Experiences of Control and Engagement as Employees in Private Universities by Kimberly D. Deatherage MS, Northeastern State University, 2001 BA, Northeastern State University, 1998 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Psychology Walden University November 2017 Abstract Saudi women have higher rates of graduation from college than their male counterparts, but are underrepresented as employees in the private higher education sector. Saudi women working in higher education report a lack of involvement in the planning of their work, challenges in balancing family and career, and low wages. Yet, no research has explored how Saudi women in administrative support staff positions in privateSaudi women have higher rates of graduation from college than their male counterparts, but are underrepresented as employees in the private higher education sector. Saudi women working in higher education report a lack of involvement in the planning of their work, challenges in balancing family and career, and low wages. Yet, no research has explored how Saudi women in administrative support staff positions in private universities perceive control and how their perceptions of control affect their engagement in the workplace. Therefore, based on locus of control theory, the 2-process model of perceived control, and compensatory control theory, the purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of Saudi women administrative support staff working in private universities regarding the phenomena of workplace control and engagement. Ten female administrative support staff were selected using purposive and snowball sampling. Semistructured interviews were used to explore the lived experience of control for Saudi women administrative support staff and how their experiences influence engagement. The data were analyzed using Moustakas’s steps to the phenomenological process. Eight core themes emerged from the data, including supervision and guidance, social relationships and connections, time, lack of predictability, adjustment of self to fit the environment, self-development and inner transformations, having a voice, and cultural conditioning of women’s social roles. The implications for positive social change include raising awareness among management, human resources, and training specialists in private higher education of Saudi women’s perceptions of control and engagement in the workplace. Saudi Women's Experiences of Control and Engagement as Employees in Private Universities
Crossing disciplinary boundaries: Students’ experiences of facilitating a learning support programme at a South African university

Increased access to higher education has brought into focus the under-preparedness of students for higher education and vice versa. As such, various programmes have been developed to enhance students’ success in universities. In one institution, an administrator and a lecturer collaborated with senior university students to facilitate a learning support programme where the students acted as peer mentors. The study sought to document students’ experiences of facilitating a peer-mentorship programme that targets first year students as well as senior students who were regarded as at risk of academic exclusion. Using a qualitative case study and Bandura’s social learning theory, 30 peer mentors were purposively selected to generate data through a peer mentors’ reflection workshop. Findings of the study suggest that the mentors were more successful in working with first year students than with senior students. The article concludes that, because of the training provided, mentors were knowledgeable about the programme and the resources available to support mentees. Further studies should solicit mentees’ views and experiences of such a programme, especially those reluctant to take part, as that will highlight areas that require attention to raise the participation and academic success of all participants.
Aquabis(triphenylphosphine-κP)copper(I) tetrafluoridoborate

In the title compound, [Cu(C18H15P)2(H2O)]BF4, the CuI atom is coordinated by two P atoms from triphenylphosphine ligands and one water molecule in a distorted trigonal geometry. In the BF4 − anion, three F atoms are disordered over two sites around the B—F bond, the site-occupancy ratio being 0.67 (6):0.33 (6). The Cu⋯F distance of 2.602 (5) Å between the Cu atom and the ordered F atom may suggest a weak but genuine interaction. O—H⋯F and weak C—H⋯F hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure.