Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Perceived Social Support on Depression in Chinese Adolescents: A Prospective Study Examining the Buffering Model

In response to the dearth of attempts to examine functions of perceived social support on depression in Chinese adolescents, a prospective study was conducted to examine the relationship among stressful life events, perceived social support, and depression. The present results provided support for the buffering model, indicating that the function of perceived social support in mitigating subsequent depression was prominent only under high stress levels. These results were discussed in terms of the socialized role of Chinese adolescents, as well as the function of esteem enhancement of perceived social support in alleviating depression. Reciprocal relationships between initial depression levels and subsequent levels of social support were also discussed. Possible counseling and prevention programs for Chinese adolescents are proposed. Recent Chinese research revealed that more than 20% of Chinese adolescents had symptoms of depression (e.g., Boys’ and Girls’ Clubs Association of Hong Kong, 1992; Shek, 199 la). As the underlying causes are scrutinized, depression for Chinese adolescents is most commonly related to problematic relations with family, friends, or romantic partners (Liang, Zhao, & Zheng, 1992). These findings indicate that the influence of social relations is critical to the well-being of Chinese adolescents. As in the West, adolescence is the period in which need for attachment is especially strong among Chinese youngsters (KO, 1974). Hence, possible impact of social support on Chinese adolescents should be investigated. The importance of social relations to the Chinese is not surprising. The Chinese people generally do not perceive themselves as individuals functioning independently in society, but rather as a part of their social network (Yang. 198 1). Interpersonal dependency is emphasized in Chinese society. For Chinese adolescents, helpfulness is identified as a major dimension in person perception (Yik & Bond, 1993), as well as an ideal quality of close friends (Cheng, Bond, & Chan,
Factors Affecting Farm and Non-Farm Income of Haor Inhabitants of Bangladesh

The study has been conducted to examine the factors influencing farm and nonfarm income of Haor economy in Bangladesh. Dingaputa Haor area of Netrokona district was selected for the present study and a sample of 60 farmers had been taken randomly. The log linear form of Cobb-Douglas production function was chosen to determine the effects of socioeconomic variables on farm income and non-farm income. Apart from this, some descriptive statistical analysis were done to examine the socioeconomic characteristics of sampled households. The estimated results of the regression models revealed that family size and farm size had a significant positive effect on farm income and non-farm income had a significant negative effect on farm income. On the other hand, family size had a positive and significant effect on non-farm income and farm income had a negative and significant effect on non-farm income. To promote the farm and non-farm sector income and strengthening its potential linkages between them, the study mainly recommends increasing efforts on two fronts: first , reforming the institutions responsible for rural development and second , development activities and projects that would enhance farm and non-farm income and the linkages between them. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/pa.v23i1-2.16578 Progress. Agric. 23(1 & 2): 143 – 150, 2012
Genetic improvement in cattleare we sacrificing reproduction in favor of production?

Reproductive traits can range from lowly to moderately heritable. Genomic technologies provide a powerful tool for improving selection for traits that are lowly heritable, sex-linked, or not expressed until later in life. Therefore, as genomic technologies become a part of selection decisions, there is a critical need to understand how specific gene variants affect reproductive traits in cattle. Both classical quantitative genetics approaches and genomic approaches have identified genetic correlations between production traits and fertility. In dairy cows, single trait selection for milk production and associated inbreeding has resulted in a decline in conception rates over the last 60 years. Conversely, increases in body condition score at the time of calving in both beef and dairy cows are advantageously genetically correlated with decreased postpartum intervals to estrus. In beef cattle, the allele of μ-calpain (CAPN1) associated with increased meat tenderness is also associated with an increased postpartum interval to ovulation that could be detrimental to reproductive performance in the cow herd. However, in Charolais cattle, there was no genetic correlation between ovarian activity in females and proportion of adipose tissue in male carcasses, indicating that carcass traits can be improved without negatively impacting reproduction in the cow herd when selection is applied properly. Thus, there is a need for a systems based approach to understand how specific gene variants influence the overall physiology to ensure that selection pressure is applied uniformly for production, disease resistance, heat tolerance, and parasite resistance without negatively impacting reproductive efficiency in the cow herd.
Heat to electricity conversion by cold carrier emissive energy harvesters

This paper suggests a method to convert heat to electricity by the use of devices called cold carrier emissive energy harvesters (cold carrier EEHs). The working principle of such converters is explained and theoretical power densities and efficiencies are calculated for ideal devices. Cold carrier EEHs are based on the same device structure as hot carriersolar cells, but works in an opposite way. Whereas a hot carriersolar cell receives net radiation from the sun and converts some of this radiative heat flow into electricity, a cold carrier EEH sustains a net outflux of radiation to the surroundings while converting some of the energy supplied to it into electricity. It is shown that the most basic type of cold carrier EEHs have the same theoretical efficiency as the ideal emissive energy harvesters described earlier by Byrnes et al. In the present work, it is also shown that if the emission from the cold carrier EEH originates from electron transitions across an energy gap where a difference in the chemical potential of the electrons above and below the energy gap is sustained, power densities slightly higher than those given by Byrnes et al. can be achieved.
On the quasi-Ablowitz–Segur and quasi-Hastings–McLeod solutions of the inhomogeneous Painlevé II equation

We consider the quasi-Ablowitz–Segur and quasi-Hastings–McLeod solutions of the inhomogeneous Painlevé II equation [Formula: see text] These solutions are obtained from the classical Ablowitz–Segur (AS) and Hastings–McLeod (HM) solutions via the Bäcklund transformation, and satisfy the same asymptotic behaviors when [Formula: see text]. For [Formula: see text], we show that the quasi-Ablowitz–Segur (qAS) and quasi-Hastings–McLeod (qHM) solutions possess [Formula: see text] simple poles on the real axis, which rigorously justifies the numerical results in Fornberg and Weideman (A computational exploration of the second Painlevé equation, Found. Comput. Math. 14(5) (2014) 985–1016).
Household Electrification and Education Outcomes: Panel Evidence from Uganda

We investigate the impact of household electrification on educational outcomes in Uganda using household panel data and employ a probit model. The findings indicate that electrification increases school enrolment at all education cycles. Also, education level of household head, marital status, gender and good housing increase education outcomes. Our results provide insights on the existing gaps in designing supportive policies for increased access to electricity for rural households where there are high disproportionately poor education outcomes. The results suggest that policies to eliminate all barriers to access to electricity will greatly enhance educational outcomes in Uganda.
Sentiment analysis in social media

This thesis presents a comparison of different machine learning techniques applied to the case of sentiment analysis in social media. Several machine learning methods were used during experimentation session: Naive Bayes, Multinomial Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines, Random Forest, Multilayer Perceptron Network. Besides, we tried to compare different techniques for preprocessing natural language and find those ones which impact on the building accurate classifiers. To this purpose we applied Bag-of-Words model (vector of unigrams), Bag-of-N-grams model (vector of bigrams and vector of trigrams) to represent text data in suitable numeric format. Bag-of-Words model of the data representation showed the best results for all methods and influenced in a positive way improving the accuracy. The best performance was achieved by the Multinomial Naive Bayes method and Support Vector Machines (SVM) method with linear kernel. The best accuracy received by these methods equals 80.6%. The values of accuracy by Multinomial Naive Bayes method with using the Bag-of-Words model is in the range from 70.97% to 80.60% subject to sizes of data. The values of accuracy by SVM with using the Bag-of-Words model is in the range from 69.6% to 80.60% subject to sizes of data. These values of performance are higher than values obtained by the rest methods.
Laboratory Tests Assessing the Effectiveness of the Nf-Ff Transformation with Helicoidal Scanning for Electrically Long Antennas

This paper deals with the experimental validation of an efiective near-fleld-far-fleld transformation technique with helicoidal scanning particularly suitable for electrically long antennas, whose validity has been numerically assessed in a previous authors' paper. Such a technique relies on the results relevant to the nonredundant sampling representations of the electromagnetic flelds and makes use of an optimal sampling interpolation algorithm, which allows the reconstruction of the near-fleld data needed by the near-fleld-far-fleld transformation with cylindrical scan. The use of a prolate ellipsoid instead of a sphere to model an elongated antenna allows one to consider measurement cylinders with a diameter smaller than the antenna height, thus reducing the error related to the truncation of the scanning zone. Moreover, a signiflcant reduction of the needed near- fleld data is also obtained. The comparison of the far-fleld patterns reconstructed from the acquired helicoidal measurements with those obtained from the data directly measured on the classical cylindrical grid assesses the efiectiveness of the near-fleld-far-fleld transformation using this innovative scanning technique. At last, its validity is further conflrmed by the very good agreement with the direct far-fleld measurements.
The Phyllotaxy of Costus (Costaceae)

The spiromonostichous phyllotaxy of Costus, and other Costaceae, is characterized by low divergence angles, often as low as (30⚬-) 50⚬. This constrasts with the main series Fibonacci (divergence angles approximating 137.5⚬) or distichous phyllotaxy found in all other Zingiberales. A morphological and developmental study of three species of Costus revealed a number of facts about this unusual phyllotactic pattern. In C. scaber and C. woodsonii the divergence angles gradually change along a shoot, from 140⚬-100⚬ in the region of the cataphylls to 60⚬-45⚬ in the inflorescence. In C. cuspidatus, the divergence angles change from 40⚬-100⚬ in the cataphyll region to ca. 137⚬ in the inflorescence. In all three species, the cataphylls and foliage leaves have tubular sheaths, while the inflorescence bracts are nonsheathing. Thus, spiromonostichy is only loosely correlated with closed leaf sheaths.
Anatomical Variants of Anterior Cerebral Arterial Circle: A Study by Multidetector Computerized 3D Tomographic Angiography

One of the most common causes of stroke is rupture of aneurysms whose approach requires knowledge of anatomical variants. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anatomical variants of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and the anterior communicating artery (AComA) by 3D computed tomography angiography (3D CTA) in Mexican individuals. A retrospective, observational, cross-sectional descriptive study of 283 patients, independent of sex or age, in which morphometric measurements of cerebral vessels were evaluated using contrasted 3D CTA from a period of two years was performed. We found at least one "atypical" variant in a third of the study population (33.93 %). The most common "atypical" variant was the absence of the AComA (14.1 %). A significant association between the hypoplastic variant of the right A1 segment and hypoplasia of the left A1 and the right A2 was found, while hypoplasia of the left A1 was associated with hypoplasia of the right A2. There is a difference in the prevalence of anatomical variants of the ACA-AComA complex in Mexican population in relation to other populations. The typical variant is the most prevalent form in the study population. However, the presence of atypical variants represents an important number that should be taken into account in clinical and surgical procedures.
The use of natural plant extracts to enhance caries prevention and to improve the performance of dental adhesives : role of natural extracts to achieve super tooth

1 Japanese summary . 4 Chapter 1: . 8 Introduction Chapter 2: . 12 In vitro effect of hesperidin on root dentin collagen and de/re-mineralization Abstract . 13 Introduction . 13 Materials & Methods . 16 Results . 20 Discussion . 21 Conclusions . 26 Chapter 3: . 27 Effect of natural cross-linkers incorporation in a self-etching primer on dentine bond strength Abstract . 28 Introduction . 29 Materials & Methods . 31 Results . 37 Discussion . 39 Conclusions . 43 Chapter 4: . 44 Effect of Hesperidin Incorporation into a Self-Etching Primer on Durability of Dentin Bond Abstract . 45 Introduction . 46 Materials & Methods . 48 Results . 54 Discussion . 58 Conclusions . 62 Chapter 5: . 63 General discussions and conclusion . 64 Chapter 6: . 71 References . 72 Chapter 7: . 86 Biography . 87
Efficiency of particle acceleration at interplanetary shocks: Statistical study of STEREO observations

Context. Among others, shocks are known to be accelerators of energetic charged particles. However, many questions regarding the acceleration efficiency and the required conditions are not fully understood. In particular, the acceleration of electrons by shocks is often questioned. Aims. In this study we determine the efficiency of interplanetary shocks for $<$100 keV electrons, and for ions at $\sim$0.1 and $\sim$2 MeV energies, as measured by the Solar Electron and Proton Telescope (SEPT) instruments aboard the twin Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) spacecraft. Methods. We employ an online STEREO in situ shock catalog that lists all shocks observed between 2007 and mid 2014 (observed by STEREO A) and until end of 2013 (observed by STEREO B). In total 475 shocks are listed. To determine the particle acceleration efficiency of these shocks, we analyze the associated intensity increases (shock spikes) during the shock crossings. For the near-relativistic electrons, we take into account the issue of possible ion contamination in the SEPT instrument. Results. The highest acceleration efficiency is found for low energy ions (0.1 MeV), which show a shock-associated increase at 27% of all shocks. The 2 MeV ions show an associated increase only during 5% of the shock crossings. In the case of the electrons, the shocks are nearly ineffective. Only five shock-associated electron increases were found, which correspond to only 1% of all shock crossings.
Dynamics of Business Cycles in Vietnam: A Comparison with Indonesia and Philippines

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of structural shocks on macroeconomic fluctuations in Vietnam, and then make a comparison to Indonesia and the Philippines. The study adopts the Structural Vector Autoregressive (SVAR) originated by Shapiro and Watson (1988) and Blanchard and Quah (1989) with long-run restriction for small open-economy with flexibility of price, suggested by Ahmed and Park (1994) and Gali (1992). The evidence for countries suggests that: (i) the main source of output variance is domestic supply shocks but there is a significant decrease in long-run; (ii) the fluctuations of trade balance are mostly due to external shocks, especially term of trade shocks in Vietnam, as opposed to Philippines and Indonesia where IS shocks play an important role; (iii) the fluctuations of real exchange rate are mainly driven by the domestic shocks but internal causes of each country are different; (iv) the two important sources of price’s movements are domestic shocks, especially IS and nominal shocks in Vietnam.
Understanding without Babblefish: Reviewing the Evidence for Universal Sound Symbolism in Natural Languages

Sound symbolism refers to a non-arbitrary relationship between sound and meaning. Language-specific forms of sound symbolism are well documented, but many scholars have also been interested in whether some sound symbolic patterns are universal. If humans have common intuitions about how sound should represent meaning, these intuitions could have facilitated the origin of language. If humans share sound symbolic intuitions, and they were influential in the origin of language, then we would expect to see evidence of these patterns in natural languages. Some evidence has been found in size ablauting systems, deictic pronouns, and ethnozoological nomenclature, however, one study in particular, Brown et al. (1955), suggests that sound symbolic patterns may be evident even among sensory adjectives. Subjects in this study were able to correctly match a pair of sensory antonyms in a foreign language to their English translations at rates significantly above chance. By conducting a similar study using a well-described sound symbolic pattern to create a “symbolic” and “non-symbolic” list of the word pairs, I show that subjects need symbolic cues to perform at levels above chance. I further try to show that this was likely true of the subjects in the Brown et al. study as well. This suggests that sensory adjectives reflect human intuitions about how sound should represent meaning. A rough assay to determine the extent to which big-small in many languages conforms to a sound symbolic pattern, however, failed to find the pattern represented more often than would be expected by chance. This suggests that sound symbolic intuitions place at most a subtle constraint on sensory adjectives. In general, sound symbolic patterns seem to be represented inconsistently in language, perhaps because there is an opposing selective advantage of arbitrariness in language.
Experimental investigation of the interatomic Coulombic decay in NeAr dimers

The kinetic-energy distribution of interatomic and -molecular Coulombic decay (ICD) electrons emitted following photoionization of $2s$ electrons from Ne atoms in NeAr dimers has been measured in a synchrotron radiation experiment with a velocity-map-imaging photoelectron-photoion-coincidence spectrometer. The position of the peak of the experimental distribution agrees well with calculations. The broadening of the distribution to high energies with respect to calculations of the ICD spectrum of the NeAr $v=0$ ground state is explained by the contribution to the spectrum due to the population in the excited vibrational states $v=1$ and $v=2$ of the electron ground state. On the other hand, the broadening on the low-energy side of the measured distribution may be explained by the dimer contracting in the intermediate state before ICD occurs, electrons coming from the ICD to spin-orbit split excited ion states, or a combination of these effects.
Initial Higher Sputum Graded Patients Treated Under Category-II RNTCP (DOTS) with Low Weight Gain Tend to Have More Relapse Rate

DOTS strategy, as recommended by the WHO after declaring tuberculosis as a global emergency in 1993, is a very important landmark in the history of tuberculosis control. Supervised, intermittent chemotherapy was found to be operationally impracticable under National Tuberculosis Control Program. Hence Cost effective strategy ‘directly observed intermittent chemotherapy’ for tuberculosis control under RNTCP has been formulated and implemented. It has long been proved to be effective in various trials in India. Under DOTS strategy, the main emphasis is on diagnosing and treating sputum smear positive patients, thus the stress on sputum microscopy. The patients are categorized into two categories according to status of the disease and previous treatment history. Various published reports indicate a very high efficacy of treatment regimens with cure rates of 80-100% under RNTCP. However follow up reports of relapse rate on patients who have completed treatment under RNTCP are very few. Relapse rate, an important indicator of success of any treatment regimen, has not been measured under program condition. Follow up study of 203 patients was done to examine the rate of relapse among sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients who have successfully completed treatment and declared either cured or treatment completed. Majority of 21/32 (65.6%) relapses were occurred in those who gained less than 4 kg weight gain during treatment. Further the maximum number 64% (16/25) among Category-1 patients and 71.43% (5/7) among Category-II patients relapsed within first 6 month of follow up period.
A comparison of alternative tests of contagion with applications

A common characteristic of asset markets during periods of crisis is that asset returns exhibit greater volatility than they do during noncrisis peri­ ods. One suggested mechanism to account for the increased volatility is transmissions due to contagion, and a number of empirical tests have been developed to try to identify this effect. Forming a consensus on the empirical evidence for contagion in the exist­ ing literature is complicated by applications that differ by methodology, common factor specification, sample period selection, and asset market choice; see, for example, the overviews in Dornbusch, Park, and Claessens (2000) and Pericoli and Sbracia (2003). This chapter investigates these issues by making a comparison of four tests of contagion applied to common data sets and sample periods for three specific incidences of crisis in financial markets. The tests examined are the ! a,t�! lJfaftor_model of Dungei.Ern. Gonzalez-Hermosillo, and Martin (2002, -2005; the DFGM test), the correla­ tion approach of Forbes and Rigobon (2002; the FR test), tl:! �_ ! 1:1! 11my_: variab�pproach_qf ! '<! Yero_ and Giav��zi (2002; the FG. test), and the proba­ bility-based measure of Bae, Karolyi, and Stulz (2003; the BKS test). The DFGM test is based on a linear latent factor model, where the pa­ rameters are identified by the change in volatility structure of returns
Reliability and Validity of WDCT in Testing Interlanguage Pragmatic Competence for EFL Learners

Interlanguage pragmatic competence is of vital importance for the EFL learners because misunderstanding always occurs among people from different cultures. The present study aimed to develop an interlanguage pragmatic competence test in the field of speech acts with WDCT. Altogether 100 English major students and 33 native speakers in Guizhou University of China participated in the developing of the test, and another 60 English majors in Guizhou University of China took the test. The analysis of the reliability and validity of WDCT was based on Many Facets Rasch Model. The results showed that WDCT had both high reliability and validity in the Chinese context in testing the interlanguage pragmatic competence in speech acts performance.