Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship between willingness to communicate and social presence in an online English language course

Vietnamese high school students have few opportunities to use English outside class and in class they are often reluctant to speak in class. This paper describes and explains the students’ willingness to communicate (WTC) and relates this to varied perceptions of social presence. Eighteen high school students in Vietnam took a six-week online course using Facebook and Skype. They were interviewed individually before and after the course about their experiences, focusing on their perceptions of their own WTC. The results show that the students were more willing to use English spontaneously in the online environment in contexts where they perceived that they had less social presence. Text and audio chat were felt to be less face threatening than video chat, and consequently, students were more willing to speak in conditions of lower social presence. It can be concluded that the more social presence students felt they had in the online environment, the less their WTC. This was true for both synchronous and asynchronous online environments. Allowing students to control their social presence in online communication can embolden shy students and increase their WTC.
The effect of doxycycline hyclate, chlorhexidine gluconate, and minocycline hydrochloride on osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation in vitro.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the active substance of three types of local delivery systems, doxycycline hyclate 10% (DOXY), chlorhexidine gluconate, 2.5 mg (CHX), and minocycline hydrochloride, 1 mg (MINO), on osteoblastic cell proliferation and differentiation. METHODS There were four groups: control osteoblastic cells (OB) alone, OB + DOXY, OB + CHX, and OB + MINO. Trypan blue and MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assays were used to test osteoblastic cell viability. Cell differentiation was tested by measuring alkaline phosphatase levels. Osteoblast morphology was investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS At a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml, the Trypan blue test showed that DOXY, MINO, and CHX had significant toxicity effects on osteoblast cells compared to the control group, with a mean cell viability of 84%, 74%, and 51%, respectively (P <0.05). The MTT test showed that the control and DOXY groups were statistically significantly different (P <0.05) compared to CHX and MINO groups. The DOXY group showed a significantly higher alkaline phosphatase activity ( approximately 56%) than the control and MINO groups, and it was nearly 178% higher than the CHX group (P <0.05). The morphology of the osteoblasts seemed to be slightly altered when they were incubated with DOXY; however, with MINO, they appeared rounded with minimal attachment. In the CHX group, the osteoblasts assumed a shape of a very thin filopodia with a volcano-like nucleus. CONCLUSIONS At a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml, CHX and, to a lesser extent, MINO had a cytotoxic effect on osteoblast proliferation in vitro. However, DOXY seemed to enhance maturation and differentiation rather than proliferation. In addition to DOXY's beneficial effect as an adjunctive therapy to mechanical debridement in the treatment of periodontal disease, it may have an effect on periodontal regeneration.
Integrating Geology and Physics to Enhance Science Learning Experience of Students and Serve the Community

The purpose of this article is to provide an integrated approach to make science teaching and learning more effective, interesting and motivating to students. Team teaching by the physics and geology departments enable students to learn the concepts and principles of physics and then apply them to solve geological problems facing the local community. A hands-on approach to science teaching has made science interesting to students, motivated them to learn science and provided effective learning and understanding of the scientific process. An appropriate balance of laboratory experiments, field studies and computer analysis of data is maintained in the course. Field studies include seismic, electrical, gravity and magnetic methods to assist local villages in solving their environmental and hydrologic problems. Students are exposed to real problems and learn how to acquire, analyze and interpret scientific data. The impact of this approach on students is immense and serves to impart in them a positive attitude and appreciation of science. A typical response by students is that they have enjoyed and are motivated by working on “real-world” problems.
Does Entrepreneurship Education Have a Role in Developing Entrepreneurial Skills and Ventures' Effectiveness?

The purpose of the paper is to examine the impact of entrepreneurship education and training on the development and enhancement of entrepreneurial skills that may be essential to improve ventures' effectiveness. One hundred and seventy entrepreneurs and prospective entrepreneurs were surveyed in the United States to determine their motivations for business ownership and assess their perceived factors that may have contributed to the success or failure of their ventures. The findings clearly indicate that there is causal linkages between entrepreneurial education (managerial skills), social competence (interpersonal skills), and to a greater degree, basic entrepreneurial training skills and ventures' effectiveness. They were statistically significant confirming prior expectation of the significant value of entrepreneurship education. The data demonstrates that the entrepreneurial education and training programs appear to create openness, confidence, and trust among the participants in this study. However, the type of entrepreneurship education must be coupled with content that is rich in learning principles, innovation, and reflection in order to enhance ventures' effectiveness.
Nitric oxide mediates the hypertensive response to a modified hemoglobin solution (DCLHb) in rats.

We investigated the effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibition with L-NAME, and L-arginine (nitric oxide synthase substrate), on the hemodynamic response to a modified hemoglobin solution (DCLHb). Rats were given one of the following regimens (all groups hypervolemic except Control): Control-8.0 ml of donor blood (isovolemic exchange); HV-8.0 ml of donor blood; DCLHb-8.0 ml of DCLHb; L-NAME-30 mg.kg-1 of L-NAME followed by 8.0 ml of DCLHb; or L-Arg-8.0 ml of DCLHb followed by L-arginine (600 mg.kg-1). Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) was continuously recorded and the change compared to baseline and expressed as delta MABP. delta MABP was greater in the HV and DCLHb groups versus the Control and L-NAME groups; and was greater in the DCLHb group versus the HV group. delta MABP was not different between the Control and L-NAME group. In the L-Arg group the initial delta MABP (after DCLHb) was similar to the DCLHb group; however, after L-arginine administration delta MABP was not different from the Control group. This study supports a hypothesis that DCLHb effects an increase in MABP by a nitric oxide related mechanism.
Prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders in the community: results from the Israel National Health Survey.

OBJECTIVE To estimate the 12-month and lifetime prevalence rates of mood and anxiety disorders in Israel and their socio-demographic correlates. METHOD A representative sample of respondents extracted from the National Population Register of non-institutionalized residents, aged 21 or older, were interviewed at home between May, 2003, and April, 2004. DSM-IV disorders were assessed using a revised version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. RESULTS Seventeen percent of the sampled adult population reported a lifetime occurrence of a mood or anxiety disorder, while nearly one in 10 (9.7%) reported a mood or anxiety disorder occurring during the previous 12 months. Mood disorders were twice as common as anxiety disorders. CONCLUSION Contrary to expectations born out of Israel's unique life circumstances, the prevalence of mood or anxiety disorders fall within the range of other western countries. However, given the current age structure and the age of onset of these disorders, their total burden in the near future is likely to increase.
Remotely Monitoring Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands with Multi-Sensor, Multi-Temporal SAR and Multi-Spectral Data

Wetland monitoring in the Great Lakes coastal areas is needed for assessment of overall health of the Great Lakes basin. Methods were developed that were robust yet cost-efficient and implementable. The methods rely on satellite imagery for mapping wetland type, adjacent land use, wetland extent and inundation extent. The best method for mapping wetland type and adjacent land use was a fusion of data from multiple SAR sensors (JERS, ERS, Radarsat-I) and Landsat. This data fusion allows for the unique SAR and optical/IR information to be integrated for improved mapping capabilities.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Multidetector Row Computed Tomography in T- and N Staging of Gastric Cancer With Histopathologic Correlation

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) for the preoperative T- and N staging of gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: Eighty-four consecutive patients with gastric cancer underwent preoperative MDCT. Except for 15 patients who did not undergo surgery, 69 patients were included in our study. Two radiologists independently evaluated the T- and N staging on the axial CT images alone and in combination with the MPR images. For N staging, the new TNM and Japanese classifications were independently used. Differences in staging accuracy for T- and N staging were assessed using the McNemar test. Results: The overall T staging accuracy of the axial and combined axial and MPR images was as follows: 67% (47 of 70 cancers) versus 77% (54 of 70 cancers) (P = 0.039). The overall N staging accuracy of the axial and combined axial and MPR images was as follows: 59% (41 of 69 cancers) versus 67% (46 of 69 cancers) (P = 0.180, Japanese classification) and 54% (37 of 69 cancers) versus 59% (41 of 69 cancers) (P = 0.109, TNM classification). Conclusions: Using MPR images enables more accurate preoperative T staging of gastric cancer, but not for N staging in either classification system.
ANALISIS PENGARUH TALENT MANAGEMENT TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE DAN DAMPAKNYA PADA EMPLOYEE RETENTION

The purpose of this study is to determine whether talent management has a significant effect on Organizational Performancedan impact on Employee retention. The research method used is survey method with type of associative research, and case study. The author took samples of 31 employees of PT X headquarters. Data were collected by questionnaire in the form of questionnaires. Data analysis method used is Partial Least Square (PLS) with the help of smartPLS 2.0 software. The results of this study indicate that Talent management has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Performancedan impact on Employee retention. Better Talent Management Organizational performancedan impact on Employee retention will increase. Suggestion given in this research is to improve leadership improvement program and give encouragement to increase organizational performance which of course will affect employee retention. By improving talent management practice, it is expected to improve organizational performance and achieve company goals.
STIS IMAGING OF THE HR 4796A CIRCUMSTELLAR DEBRIS RING

We have obtained high spatial resolution imaging observations of the HR 4796A circumstellar debris dust ring using the broad optical response of the Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) in coronagraphic mode. We use our visual wavelength observations to improve upon the earlier measured geometrical parameters of the ring-like disk. Two significant flux density asymmetries are noted: (1) preferential forward scattering by the disk grains and (2) an azimuthal surface brightness anisotropy about the morphological minor axis of the disk with corresponding differential ansal brightness. We find the debris ring offset from the location of the star by ∼1.4 AU, a shift insufficient to explain the differing brightnesses of the northeast and southwest ansae simply by the 1/r2 dimmunition of starlight. The STIS data also better quantify the radial confinement of the starlight-scattering circumstellar debris, to a characteristic region less than 14 AU in photometric half-width, with a significantly steeper inner truncation than outward falloff in radial surface brightness. The inferred spatial distribution of the disk grains is consistent with the possibility of one or more unseen co-orbital planetary-mass perturbers, and the colors of the disk grains are consistent with a collisionally evolved population of debris, possibly including ices reddened by radiation exposure to the central star.
Positron Emission Tomographic Studies of the Processing of Singe Words

PET images of blood flow change that were averaged across individuals were used to identify brain areas related to lexical (single-word) processing, A small number of discrete areas were activated during several task conditions including: modality-specific (auditory or visual) areas activated by passive word input, primary motor and premotor areas during speech output, and yet further areas during tasks making semantic or intentional demands.
Hominoid dispersal patterns and human evolution

Recent advances in DNA and isotope analyses have allowed tentative reconstructions of dispersal strategies of Plio‐Pleistocene hominins. 1 , 2 Comparing their findings to dispersal patterns of some extant apes and humans suggested groups of related males and unrelated females in Neandertals indicating patrilocality 2 and Pan‐like male philopatry in australopiths. 1 Here we review the demographic, ethnographic, and genetic evidence of dispersal patterns in extant apes and humans and compare the results to the suggestions for Plio‐Pleistocene hominins. We find that alternative dispersal patterns, for example among gorillas or gibbons, could explain the findings of related or natal males in a confined geographic area. Based on sexual size dimorphism, we speculate that gorillas might currently be the best model for reconstructing dispersal in robust australopiths. Given that the sexual size dimorphism in other australopiths is still hotly debated, the question of which hominoid model best matches their dispersal pattern must remain unanswered. Neandertal dispersal patterns have been compared to patrilocality of modern humans. However, the latter is related to the advent of food production. Consequently, hunter‐gatherers exhibiting primarily multilocality appear to be the better comparison for Neandertals. Overall, human‐like patrilocality and Pan‐like male philopatry appear to be poor models for the reconstruction of dispersal patterns in Plio‐Pleistocene hominins. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Antipsychotics and the Risks of Sudden Cardiac Death and All-Cause Death: Cohort Studies in Medicaid and Dually-Eligible Medicaid-Medicare Beneficiaries of Five States.

CONTEXT Antipsychotic drugs have been linked to QT-interval prolongation, a presumed marker of cardiac risk, and torsade de pointes. OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between antipsychotics and 1) outpatient-originated sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmia (SD/VA) and 2) all-cause death. DESIGN Two retrospective cohort studies. SETTING Medicaid programs of California, Florida, New York, Ohio and Pennsylvania. PATIENTS Incident antipsychotic users aged 30-75 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES 1) Incident, first-listed emergency department or principal inpatient SD/VA diagnoses; and 2) death reported in the Social Security Administration Death Master File. RESULTS Among 459,614 incident antipsychotic users, the incidences of SD/VA and death were 3.4 and 35.1 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. Compared to olanzapine as the referent, adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for SD/VA were 2.06 (95% CI, 1.20-3.53) for chlorpromazine, 1.72 (1.28-2.31) for haloperidol, and 0.73 (0.57-0.93) for quetiapine. Adjusted HRs for perphenazine and risperidone were consistent with unity. In a subanalysis limited to first prescription exposures, HRs for chlorpromazine and haloperidol were further elevated (2.54 [1.07-5.99] and 2.68 [1.59-4.53], respectively), with the latter exhibiting a dose-response relationship. Results for death were similar. CONCLUSIONS Haloperidol and chlorpromazine had less favorable cardiac safety profiles than olanzapine. Among atypical agents, risperidone had a similar cardiac safety profile to olanzapine, whereas quetiapine was associated with 30% and 20% lower risks of SD/VA and death, respectively, compared to olanzapine. These measured risks do not correlate well with average QT prolongation, further supporting the notion that average QT prolongation may be a poor surrogate of antipsychotic arrhythmogenicity.
Transcription Factor ATAF 1 in Arabidopsis Promotes Senescence by Direct Regulation of Key Chloroplast Maintenance and Senescence Transcriptional Cascades 1 [ OPEN ]

University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (P.G., S.B.); Plant Signaling Group, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (P.G., S.B.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia (G.-P.X.); and Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, 08028 Barcelona, Spain (S.M.-B.)
Review of Suicide among Elderly Persons

The literature was reviewed on the topic of suicide among elderly persons. Incidence rates were discussed from the United States as well as other countries. Suicide rates were noted for the general population and by specific age and sex groups within the elderly population. Contributing factors included depression, bereavement, loss of confidant, retirement, socioeconomic and occupational factors, and “the level of unbearability”, a very personalized set of conditions which may trigger the suicidal act. Current preventive strategies were then considered, including increased educational efforts for family members and friends of potential victims, the role of the physician, and societal initiatives such as retirement considerations and existing mental health programs. Lastly, recommendations for the strengthening of current preventive strategies and the development of new initiatives and research were discussed.
What is quality of life and how do we measure it? Relevance to Parkinson's disease and movement disorders

Health‐related quality of life is a patient‐reported outcome that complements clinical evaluation and provides information about disease activity and effects of the treatment. The objective of this review is to present the conceptual framework, the measures, and some of their most relevant applications in the field of Parkinson's disease and movement disorders. Health‐related quality of life is a subjective, individual, and multidimensional construct, and its main dimensions are physical, mental, and social, besides global perceptions of health and personal domains. Health‐related quality of life measurement is carried out by means of questionnaires or scales, ideally self‐applied by patients, and has a diversity of important applications for clinical practice, research, and health policy. Movement disorders and Parkinson's disease are complex conditions impacting all components of patients' health‐related quality of life. The use of health‐related quality of life tools provides important information on a variety of aspects that are important to patients while complementing clinical evaluations. In particular, studies using this kind of assessment can identify and monitor the most important health‐related quality of life determinant factors, allowing tailored assistance and prioritized interventions. In addition, maintaining or improving the patients' health‐related quality of life is an objective of care for chronic diseases and, therefore, it has to be monitored over time and as an outcome of clinical trials. Several methods are available for the interpretation of the change in scores of health‐related quality of life measures, although a definitive agreement on the most appropriate method is yet to be determined. Presently, health‐related quality of life assessment is an important outcome for research and management of chronic conditions such as Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Use of Perftoran Emulsion to Decrease Allogeneic Blood Transfusion in Cardiac Surgery: Clinical Trial

Perflurocarbon emulsions (PFC) have the capacity of transporting oxygen through the bloodstream and may be safe and effective alternatives to allogeneic blood transfusions during surgical procedures. Perftoran was the PFC used in a randomized clinical trial conducted at Hospital de Especialidades Centro Medico La Raza, Mexico City. The clinical trial took a sample group, n = 30, of patients that were scheduled for elective cardiac valvuloplasty surgery in combination with preoperative acute normovolemic hemodilution and an inspiratory oxygen fraction (FI02) of 1.0. The participants were randomly divided into a Control group (n = 15) and a Perftoran (PFC) group (n = 15). The PFC group had significantly higher intraoperative PaO2 levels and needed less allogeneic red blood cell packs than the Control group. There were no complications or deaths in either group. These results suggest that Perftoran is safe, efficacious, and reduces the need for allogeneic blood and blood derivatives in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Coloring an Orthogonality Graph

We deal with a graph coloring problem that arises in quantum information theory. Alice and Bob are each given a $\pm1$-vector of length $2^k$ and are to respond with $k$ bits. Their responses must be equal if they are given equal inputs, and distinct if they are given orthogonal inputs; however, they are not allowed to communicate any information about their inputs. They can always succeed using quantum entanglement, but their ability to succeed using only classical physics is equivalent to a graph coloring problem. We resolve the graph coloring problem, thus determining that they can succeed without entanglement exactly when $k\leq3$.
Early Attachment Security: Relations with Cognitive Skills and Academic Achievement

This study examined the role of attachment security in the development of children's cognitive skills and academic achievement. Of particular interest was whether these associations were moderated by gender, parenting stress, SES, and child IQ. The current sample utilized data from 45 boys and 55 girls who are part of an ongoing longitudinal study. A series of hierarchical regression models were conducted to explore the associations between 2-year olds' attachment security and their cognitive and academic functioning when they were 7-years old. Results indicated that attachment security alone predicted academic achievement, but not specific cognitive skills. Attachment security interacted with SES and child IQ, however, to predict impulsivity and goal maintenance. These results confirm the necessity for educators and mental health professionals working with children to pay attention to the environmental influences on cognitive development.