Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Implementing Nursing Care Guidelines on the Occurrence of Deep Vein Thrombosis among Orthopedic Patients

Background: Pulmonary embolism is the main cause of mortalities in lower limb Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT). It leads to yearly 50-200 thousand deaths in the United States (US). Hence, DVT is an important condition that needs to be considered for the safe care of hospitalized patients to avoid related morbidities and mortalities Aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of implementing nursing care guidelines on the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis among orthopedic patients Method; causal comparative research design used in carrying out this study that was conducted at orthopedic departments of Mansoura Emergency Hospital. A convenience sample of participants was used over a period of 6 months who correspond to inclusion criteria. Tools used for data collection in this study consisted of three tools as the following; first tool; composed of three parts, socio-demographic characteristics, DVTrisk factors scale ,and : Patient medical data . The second tool is concerned with assessment of nurses' performance regarding application of DVT preventive guidelines; and the third tool is Deep vein thrombosis evaluation sheet. Results: The present study revealed that the intervention is beneficial in terms of patient outcomes, with significantly lower DVT risk grade and score compared with the control group patients and improving the nurses performance regarding the application of DVT preventive guidelines Conclusion; implementing the designed nursing guidelines for DVT prevention decrease the incidence of DVT in the group followed by guidelines Recommendation: continued nursing education about deep vein thrombosis prevention among orthopedic patients for nurses recommended to be organized regularly.
Combination of Pentoxifylline with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Produces an Additional Reduction in Microalbuminuria in Hypertensive Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Objective. To investigate the anti proteinuric effect of pentoxifylline in diabetic patients, we prospectively studied in 25 hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients with persistent microalbuminuria and normal renal function the impact of combining pentoxifylline with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, on urinary albumin excretion and compared the results with those obtained in a control group of 25 type 2 diabetic patients treated with lisinopril only. Material and Methods. Fifty hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients with persistent microalbuminuria (31 males and 19 females, aged between 47–73 years) were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A received lisinopril 10 mg/day, while group B was given lisinopril 10 mg/day and pentoxifylline 600 mg/day for nine months. There were no significant differences between serum creatinine, HbA1c, blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion in both groups (p>0.05). Results. Serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, blood pressure, HbA1c levels did not change significantly during the study. Urinary albumin excretion decreased from 228 ± 28 to 148 ± 15 mg/day in group A (p<0.05). In group B urinary albumin excretion decreased from 219 ± 26 to 128 ± 12 mg/day (p<0.05). Pentoxifylline and lisinopril combination caused a significant additional reduction in urinary albumin excretion when compared to lisinopril regimen (p<0.05). Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the combination of pentoxifylline with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients with persistent microalbuminuria causes a significant reduction in urinary albumin excretion and this effect seems independent from blood pressure and glycemic control.
Evaluation of hearing loss in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of hearing loss in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to ana- lyze whether the rates of hearing loss were different from the control group or not. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 AS patients and 34 healthy controls were enrolled into the study. Physical examinations and disease activity score measurements were performed in patients with AS. Results: The mean age was 32.20 years (18-55) in AS patients and 35.58 (20-50) in the control group. The mean disease dura- tion was 5.27 years (0-22) in patients with AS. Hearing loss was detected in seven (14%) of the AS patients and three (8.8%) of the control patients. In terms of hearing loss, a statistically significant difference was not found between the two groups. Senso - rineural hearing loss was the most commonly detected type of hearing loss in the two groups. Hearing loss was present in two (28.5%) of the seven AS patients in whom the duration of disease was more than 10 years. There was no statistically significant correlation between the duration of disease and hearing loss. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the AS and control groups with respect to hearing loss. The rate of hearing loss increased in line with the duration of disease.
Self-Focused Attention Reduces Self-Injurious Behavior in Alcohol-Intoxicated Men

Both chronic alcohol use and acute intoxication are risk factors for self-aggression (i.e., intentional self-injury) across the spectrum of lethality. Studies designed to identify a cause-and-effect relation between alcohol intoxication and self-aggression, or the factors that facilitate or mitigate this effect, are rare due to the inherent difficulty of studying self-injurious behavior experimentally. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate that alcohol intoxication leads to heightened self-injurious behavior, and that enhanced self-focused attention (self-awareness) attenuates this effect. Specifically, 40 men consumed either alcohol (mean Blood Alcohol Concentration [BAC] = .10) or a veridical control drink, and then completed a laboratory task designed to assess self-injurious behavior. Self-focused attention was experimentally enhanced in half the participants in each drink condition. Results support the notion that prevention and intervention programs designed to reduce intentional self-injurious behaviors should include components that address alcohol misuse and self-awareness.
[Anxiety disorders and physical exercise].

OBJECTIVE Until the mid 90's, most of the studies on the anxiolytic effects of exercise were carried out through the evaluation of the anxiety state of young individuals. They were college students or athletes who might be considered pre-fit, thus limiting the validity of the conclusions as regards populations with pathological anxiety. The number of studies involving patients with anxiety disorder is increasing nowadays. Therefore, the objective of the study is to review the articles that discuss the influence of physical exercise on anxiety disorders. METHOD We ran a MEDLINE search between 1966-1995 and 1996-2006 using the keywords anxiety, panic, phobic disorders, exercise, and physical fitness, in addition to the cross-reference of the articles selected and further analyses of bibliographical references on the topic. RESULTS Our findings showed heterogeneous designs and methodological limitations. The latest publications are promising and point to the use of physical exercise as an aid to traditional therapies in the treatment of anxiety disorders. CONCLUSION We observed that aerobic exercises below the lactate threshold might be the most adequate. However, they do not clarify the implications of anaerobic exercise, which suggests caution in the prescription of exercise, mainly the anaerobic kind, to individuals with pathologic anxiety.
Molecular Coupling of Xist Regulation and Pluripotency

During mouse embryogenesis, reversion of imprinted X chromosome inactivation in the pluripotent inner cell mass of the female blastocyst is initiated by the repression of Xist from the paternal X chromosome. Here we report that key factors supporting pluripotency—Nanog, Oct3/4, and Sox2—bind within Xist intron 1 in undifferentiated embryonic stem (ES) cells. Whereas Nanog null ES cells display a reversible and moderate up-regulation of Xist in the absence of any apparent modification of Oct3/4 and Sox2 binding, the drastic release of all three factors from Xist intron 1 triggers rapid ectopic accumulation of Xist RNA. We conclude that the three main genetic factors underlying pluripotency cooperate to repress Xist and thus couple X inactivation reprogramming to the control of pluripotency during embryogenesis.
REPRODUCTION, RISK AND REALITY: FAMILY PLANNING AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH IN NORTHERN VIETNAM

In collaboration with the National Committee for Population and Family Planning, a study was conducted in 1994 in two Vietnamese communes to provide community level information on women's reproductive health and behaviours. A survey of 504 rural and 523 urban women collected five-year histories of reproduction, contraception, abortion and symptoms of Reproductive Tract Infections (RTI). This analysis focuses on the relationships between women's individual characteristics, use of family planning and abortion, and reported RTI symptoms. The findings reveal that IUDs do not raise women's likelihood of experiencing RTI symptoms in either commune. A recent abortion, however, strongly increases women's likelihood of having RTI symptoms in the rural commune, while low socio-economic status is associated with RTI symptoms in the urban commune.
The microecology of dactylogyrids (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) on the gills of wild spotted rose snapper Lutjanus guttatus (Lutjanidae) from Mazatlan Bay, Mexico.

The spatial distribution and coexistence of monogenean dactylogyrids was assessed on the gills of 63 specimens of wild spotted rose snapper, Lutjanus guttatus (Steindachner), caught in the Mazatlan Bay, Sinaloa, Mexico. Five species are reported: Euryhaliotrema perezponcei Garcia-Vargas, Fajer-Avila et Lamothe-Argumedo, 2008, Euryhaliotrematoides sp. , Haliotrematoides spinatus Kritsky et Mendoza-Franco, 2009, H. plectridium Kritsky et Mendoza-Franco, 2009, and H. guttati Garcia-Vargas, Fajer-Avila et Lamothe-Argumedo, 2008. All except E. perezponcei and H. guttati represent new geographical records for the Pacific coast. The most prevalent dactylogyrid species was E. perezponcei (100%), H. plectridium and H. spinatus had > 80% prevalence, and H. guttati and Euryhaliotrematoides sp. had the lowest prevalence. The mean abundance of H. plectridium and E. perezponcei was close to 60 parasites/fish, whereas Euryhaliotrematoides sp. and H. guttati had the lowest abundance. The dactylogyrid species exhibited a tendency for attachment to gill arch 2: 25% attachment occurring on gill arch 1, 30% on 2, 27% on 3 and 18% on 4, and showed a significant preference for the central sector of the gill (42%). Haliotrematoides plectridium had a preference for attachment to gill arches 2 and 3 and the central sector. Haliotrematoides spinatus tended to settle on the gill arches 2 and 3 and had a preference for the central sector. Euryhaliotrema perezponcei tended to settle on the gill arches 1 and 2 and the anterior gill sector. Euryhaliotrematoides sp. and H. guttati did not show a preference for any gill arch or sector. The intraspecific aggregation was stronger than the interspecific aggregation, indicating that all the dactylogyrid species on spotted rose snapper were aggregated, and there was no evidence of competition among the species.
Epistemological Development and Judgments and Reasoning About Teaching Methods

ABSTRACT Children's, adolescents’, and adults’ (N = 96 7–8, 10–11, and 13–14-year-olds and university students) epistemological development and its relation to judgments and reasoning about teaching methods was examined. The domain (scientific or moral), nature of the topic (controversial or noncontroversial), and teaching method (direct instruction by lectures versus class discussions) were systematically varied. Epistemological development was assessed in the aesthetics, values, and physical truth domains. All participants took the domain, nature of the topic, and teaching method into consideration in ways that showed age-related variations. Epistemological development in the value domain alone was predictive of preferences for class discussions and a critical perspective on teacher-centered direct instruction, even when age was controlled in the analysis.
Subthalamic nucleus stimulation improves directly levodopa induced dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease

Bilateral chronic subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation is a new and useful surgical method to improve parkinsonian disability. The improvement involves all the major parkinsonian signs.1Recently, Krack et al 2 reported that chronic stimulation of the STN also improved levodopa induced dyskinesias, although they explained this effect mainly by a decrease in the levodopa dosage. We report on a patient who presented a marked improvement of levodopa induced dyskinesias without decreasing the daily dosage of levodopa. A 68 year old man was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease at the age of 38, and started levodopa at the age of 43, with good initial effect. At the age of 56 …
Epidemiology of HIV infection in children in Europe

In Europe the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic in children is an important public health problem. Reliable epidemiological information varies widely among countries, and there is no standard method to document the pandemia. By September 1992, a total of 81,849 AIDS cases were identified. France had 21,487, Spain 15,678 and Italy 14,784 (63% of all cases). The highest rate per 100,000 inhabitants occurred in Spain (88.9), France had 70.6 and Italy 63.5. The numbers of HIV+ newborns (NB) in Spain were 4673, in Italy 2,693, in Belgium 368, in Scotland 79 and in Holland 11. The highest rate of HIV+ NBs per 100,000 inhabitants occurred in Spain (120.1), the lowest in Holland (0.73). In Western Europe, 82% of all cases were due to vertical transmission. Mothers’venous drug use was the most common form of HIV transmission.
Decelerating neutral dipolar molecules

It is experimentally demonstrated that a beam of neutral dipolar molecules can be efficiently decelerated with a time-varying electric field. A pulsed beam of neutral metastable CO molecules is slowed down from 225 m/s ( ${E}_{\mathrm{kin}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}59{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$) to 98 m/s ( ${E}_{\mathrm{kin}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}11{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$) upon passage through an array of 63 synchronously pulsed electric field stages.
Extracts of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. Flower Exhibit Antidiabetic Effects via the Inhibition of α-Glucosidase Activity

The aim of this study was to assay the effects of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. flower extracts on hyperglycemia of diet-induced obese mice and the underlying mechanisms. Coreopsis tinctoria flower was extracted with ethanol and water, respectively. The total phenol, flavonoid levels, and the constituents of the extracts were measured. For the animal experiments, C57BL/6 mice were fed with a chow diet, high-fat diet, or high-fat diet mixed with 0.4% (w/w) water and ethanol extracts of Coreopsis tinctoria flower for 8 weeks. The inhibitory effects of the extracts on α-glucosidase activity and the antioxidant properties were assayed in vitro. We found that the extracts blocked the increase of fasting blood glucose, serum triglyceride (TG), insulin, leptin, and liver lipid levels and prevented the development of glucose tolerance impairment and insulin resistance in the C57BL/6 mice induced by a high-fat diet. The extracts inhibited α-glycosidase activity and increased oxidant activity in vitro. In conclusion, Coreopsis tinctoria flower extracts may ameliorate high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. The underling mechanism may be via the inhibition of α-glucosidase activity. Our data indicate that Coreopsis tinctoria flower could be used as a beverage supplement and a potential source of drugs for treatment of diabetics.
Effects of Dietary Protein Restriction on Circulating Concentrations of Growth Hormone in Growing Domestic Fowl (Gallus domesticus)

Abstract Two- to three-week-old broiler chicks were fed isocaloric purified diets with varying levels of protein (soy protein supplemented with glycine and methionine). The growth rates of the birds were monitored throughout the period of 14 days on the purified diets, while the circulating concentrations of growth hormone (GH) were determined at the end of this period. As expected, decreases in the dietary protein level were associated with concomitant reductions in growth rate. While this decrease in growth rate was observed with chicks fed 12 and 18% protein (compared with 24%), circulating concentrations of GH were observed to be only elevated with severe protein restriction (10% and lower). There was also evidence for some progressive increase in plasma concentrations of GH as dietary protein levels were decreased.
Reduction of Cob(III)alamin to Cob(II)alamin inSalmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium LT2

ABSTRACT Reduction of the cobalt ion of cobalamin from the Co(III) to the Co(I) oxidation state is essential for the synthesis of adenosylcobalamin, the coenzymic form of this cofactor. A cob(II)alamin reductase activity in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 was isolated to homogeneity. N-terminal analysis of the homogeneous protein identified NAD(P)H:flavin oxidoreductase (Fre) (EC1.6.8.1 ) as the enzyme responsible for this activity. Thefre gene was cloned, and the overexpressed protein, with a histidine tag at its N terminus, was purified to homogeneity by nickel affinity chromatography. His-tagged Fre reduced flavins (flavin mononucleotide [FMN] and flavin adenine dinucleotide [FAD]) and cob(III)alamin to cob(II)alamin very efficiently. Photochemically reduced FMN substituted for Fre in the reduction of cob(III)alamin to cob(II)alamin, indicating that the observed cobalamin reduction activity was not Fre dependent but FMNH2 dependent. Enzyme-independent reduction of cob(III)alamin to cob(II)alamin by FMNH2 occurred at a rate too fast to be measured. The thermodynamically unfavorable reduction of cob(II)alamin to cob(I)alamin was detectable by alkylation of the cob(I)alamin nucleophile with iodoacetate. Detection of the product, caboxymethylcob(III)alamin, depended on the presence of FMNH2 in the reaction mixture. FMNH2 failed to substitute for potassium borohydride in in vitro assays for corrinoid adenosylation catalyzed by the ATP:co(I)rrinoid adenosyltransferase (CobA) enzyme, even under conditions where Fre and NADH were present in the reaction mixture to ensure that FMN was always reduced. These results were interpreted to mean that Fre was not responsible for the generation of cob(I)alamin in vivo. Consistent with this idea, afre mutant displayed wild-type cobalamin biosynthetic phenotypes. It is proposed that S. enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 may not have a cob(III)alamin reductase enzyme and that, in vivo, nonadenosylated cobalamin and other corrinoids are maintained as co(II)rrinoids by reduced flavin nucleotides generated by Fre and other flavin oxidoreductases.
Lack of correlation between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and anal cancer risk.

AIM To investigate the potential role of p53 codon 72 polymorphism as a risk factor for development of anal cancer. METHODS Thirty-two patients with invasive anal carcinoma and 103 healthy blood donors were included in the study. p53 codon 72 polymorphism was analyzed in blood samples through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequencing. RESULTS The relative frequency of each allele was 0.60 for Arg and 0.40 for Pro in patients with anal cancer, and 0.61 for Arg and 0.39 for Pro in normal controls. No significant differences in distribution of the codon 72 genotypes between patients and controls were found. CONCLUSION These results do not support a role for the p53 codon 72 polymorphism in anal carcinogenesis.
Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease.

Introduction Atherosclerosis, the main cause of coronary artery disease (CAD), is an inflammatory disease in which immune mechanisms interact with metabolic risk factors to initiate, propagate, and activate lesions in the arterial tree. Immune cells dominate early atherosclerotic lesions, their effector molecules accelerate progression of the lesions, and activation of inflammation can elicit acute coronary syndromes.
Trust, empathy, social identity, and contribution of knowledge within patient online communities

People are increasingly utilising patient online communities (POC) to seek useful health information and empathetic support. Success of POC is reliant upon the willingness of members to contribute useful information and knowledge. Few studies have examined the influence of interpersonal bonds between members on members’ contribution of information and knowledge within the context of POC. We investigated how trust, social identity, and empathy influence members’ willingness to contribute knowledge to POC. Results indicated that trust and social identity within POC positively influenced the development of empathy. Empathy in turn exerted a positive influence on willingness to contribute personal knowledge and experience. Social identity also directly influenced members’ willingness to contribute knowledge. The findings highlight the importance of trust, empathy, and a sense of group cohesiveness within online health settings in motivating members to contribute knowledge and support to other participants in POC.
Estimation of a Covariance Matrix Using the Reference Prior

Estimation of a covariance matrix ∑ is a notoriously difficult problem; the standard unbiased estimator can be substantially suboptimal. We approach the problem from a noninformative prior Bayesian perspective, developing the reference noninformative prior for a covariance matrix and obtaining expressions for the resulting Bayes estimators. These expressions involve the computation of high-dimensional posterior expectations, which is done using a recent Markov chain simulation tool, the hit-and-run sampler. Frequentist risk comparisons with previously suggested estimators are also given, and determination of the accuracy of the estimators is addressed
PATTERN OF FEMALE MEDICOLEGAL CASES ATTENDING THE CASUALTY DEPARTMENT OF A TEACHING HOSPITAL

RESULTS: Out of the total 837 cases, Physical violence was observed in 717 (85.66%) victims, sexual assault in 54 (6.45%) cases, 28 (3.34%) victims received Firearm injuries, and 21 (2.50%) cases were injured due to Road Traffic Accidents. The Injuries due to flame burn contributed for 15 (1.80%) cases and 02 (0.23 %) cases were reported to have miscarriage resulting from violence. Among total 54 cases of sexual assault, 30 (55.55%) belonged to urban settings and 24 (44.45%) were inhabitants of rural areas. Majority 37 (68.51%) of sexual assault victims were unmarried girls as compared to 17 (31.49%) married. The highest number of sexual assault 26 (48.15%) was reported among the victims of age group 10-19 years followed by age group 20-29 years involving 19 (35.19%) cases. The semen was detected in 13 (24.07%) cases, negative reports in 09 (16.67%) cases; whereas the reports of Chemical Examiner were not available in the record / medico legal registers in 32 (59.26%) cases of alleged sexual assault.