Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Medico-Legal Cases in the Pediatric Emergency

Objective: Pediatric medico-legal events are important public health problems in the pediatric emergency service. They are considered among the leading causes of pediatric disabilities and deaths. We performed a study to evaluate the demographic features of the medico-legal cases who presented to our pediatric emergency service. Material and Methods: During the 2-years study period, a total of 1586 patients presented to our service and were treated as medico-legal cases. Information about the patients was obtained from hospital records and analysed by the medical staff of the pediatric emergency service. Results: 671 male (42.3%) and 915 female (57.7%) patients were included in our study. The majority of the patients were between 11- 14 years of age (n=397; 25.0%). Drug intake was the major complaint (n= 827; 52.1%) of our patients. Winter was the most common season (n= 486; 30.6%) and January (n=182; 11.5%) was the most common month for medico-legal admissions. The majority of the patients (n=551; 34.75%) presented to our emergency between 18-24 hours. 947 cases (59.7%) had health risks at the time of presentation. Conclusion: Developing effective preventive strategies is essential to prevent child and adolescent injuries.
Differences in first and second stage labor pain between nulliparous and multiparous women

This descriptive clinical study investigated differences in pain reported during four phases of labor by nulliparous as compared to multiparous parturients. Sixty-five nulliparas and 100 multiparas participated by responding to the Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire during early (0-3 cm), active (4-7 cm), transitional (8-10 cm), or second stage labor. Sensory pain was significantly greater in nulliparous than multiparous women during early and active labor, and significantly less during second stage. Significantly higher affective pain scores were reported by nulliparas during active and transitional labor with no differences by parity identified for early or second stage labor. These preliminary findings are interpreted in relationship to clinical and theoretical differences in the physiology and psychology of labor for first-time as compared to veteran parturients.ZusammenfassungDiese deskriptive klinische Studie untersuchte die Unterschiede in den wahrend der vier Phasen der Geburt von Nullipari im V.
PERSUADE MOTHERS IN POST NATAL WARD FOR TIMELY INITIATION OF BREASTFEEDING.

Objective: Timely initiation of breast feeding has been an important issue since last many decades. However, encouragement and early initiation of breast feeding gained momentum since last 20 years. The traditional wisdom and scientific research have proved that mother’s milk is the best. Design: It is a Cross sectional study conducted in urban tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: a pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview hospitalised mothers. This paper is the result of the interview of 600 women who delivered babies in the hospital. Their Details of socio-demographic features were enquired in addition to the questions related to their initiation of breast feeding after the birth of baby. Timely initiation of breast-feeding was calculated in this paper as percent of infants (0 - <12 months) who were put to the breast within one hour of delivery. Results: Out of all deliveries, breast feeding was timely initiated with in one hour only by 1.0 percent of mothers. However 30 percent mothers initiated breast feeding within two hours. Conclusion: The observations of the present study supports that the health functionaries must utilise the opportunity to persuade mothers in the postnatal ward after delivery of their babies for early initiation of breast feeding.
Welfare concerns associated with pedigree dog breeding in the UK

In the UK, numerous pedigree dogs of many breeds experience compromised welfare due to the direct and indirect effects of selective breeding. Many breeds are selected to have physical conformations which, although perceived by some to be desirable, have direct negative effects upon their welfare. Dogs are regularly bred whose heads are too large and pelvises too small to birth naturally or whose faces are so flat that they are unable to breathe or exercise normally. There are also many indirect effects of selective breeding for appearance, including significantly elevated prevalence of specific diseases within particular breeds. Current breeding practices can therefore result in unnecessary suffering due to pain, disability, disease and behavioural problems. In this paper, we summarise and review the current scientific evidence for such suffering, and difficulties associated with assessing the impact of current breeding practices. Limited record-keeping, lack of transparency in the breeding and showing world, and the absence of sufficient research, mean that the full extent of the problem is difficult to assess. Furthermore, the collection of data is currently unsystematic, and although there are specific case studies of individual breeds and particular disorders, relatively few have been conducted in the UK. Individual breeds each suffer from their own array of problems, so each breed's survival and improvement (in terms of health and welfare) is likely to require a different specific course of action. With 209 breeds currently registered in the UK, this makes the situation complex. We collate and present a range of suggestions which may help to improve pedigree dog welfare significantly, and prioritise these based on expert opinion.
The Impact of interactive multimedia on kindergarten students' representations of fractions

This paper reports initial findings from an intervention study evaluating the affordances of a variety of interactive multimedia tools on kindergarten students' representations of fractions. The study engaged 21 kindergarten students in a whole-class technology-based mathematics intervention conducted over 12 weekly teaching episodes. A comparison group of a parallel kindergarten class of 22 students maintained their regular mathematics program. Dynamic visual tools, including the interactive whiteboard (IWB), digital learning objects (DLOs), interactive CDs and 'constructive' software were utilised by the intervention class to promote concept development. The intervention students' preand post-intervention drawings indicated substantial growth in cognitive infrastructure and symbolic notations. Qualitative analyses of the intervention students' digital screen recordings and drawings provided complementary evidence of more advanced, flexible and alternative representations of fraction concepts than those displayed by the comparison group.
Landscape processes and eucalypt dieback associated with bell miner habitat in south-eastern Australia

Summary In this paper, we review current knowledge concerning the relationship between bell-miner-associated dieback and landscape- scale processes. We consider land clearing and fragmentation, logging and associated disturbances, fire and grazing regimes, weed establishment, nutrient changes, pathogenic factors and hydrological factors, while recognising that these factors interact. A case study from Toonunbar State Forest illustrates the complexity of factors involved in this form of dieback.
Applets in secondary mathematics classrooms: An analysis of their use and impact

The incorporation of technology in secondary mathematics classrooms is not a novel idea and, in today’s ever-advancing society, the means to do so are seemingly endless. One of the ways in which secondary mathematics teachers incorporate technology within their classrooms is through the use of applets. Applets can be defined as interactive, computer-based applications that perform a specific task. Through a series of interviews, this thesis investigates the implications behind using applets in secondary mathematics. Specifically, the author examines whether or not mathematical content area and academic designation affect the ways in which applets are used. The included group of secondary mathematics teachers’ perceptions of applets and the ways in which their use affects student understanding, motivation, engagement and interest are examined as well. Findings show that applets are used mostly for instruction and practice in algebra and calculus classrooms, perhaps due to the broad range of topics in algebra and the existence of more abstract concepts in calculus. The majority of teachers in the group hold a favorable view towards the use of applets, mostly because of their dynamic, visual, and interactive capabilities. Finally, the findings indicate that teachers perceive using applets to have noticeable and beneficial effects on student engagement. Overall, the implications and insights developed from this study can be valuable to secondary mathematics educators and also open the door for further research.
Perception of Work and Commitment toward Employee Satisfaction on Non-Ministerial Government Agencies in Bandung Indonesia

Some research indicates the importance of comfort working in an organization, which is expected to provide job satisfaction and can improve work effectiveness. It is thus necessary role of organizational commitment in order to create a comfortable working environment so as to improve the behavior of employees in work efficiency. This study aims to determine the effect of the perception of the work, organizational commitment, and employee attitude and employee satisfaction. Exploratory research methods with data analysis techniques using Structural Equation Modeling, component-based Partial Least Squares (PLS). The number of respondents was 131 employees from non-Ministry of Government agencies in Bandung with data collection simple random sampling. The results showed that employee perceptions regarding significant effect on employee satisfaction and organizational commitment but no significant effect on employee attitudes, while significantly influence the organizational commitment and employee satisfaction. Simultaneously the test results prove that organizational commitment, attitude and employee satisfaction proved significant. This suggests that the need for the implementation of the organization's commitment to implement the working comfort for employees so that employee satisfaction can be improved as well as work more optimal effectiveness.
Fat and Thin Adaptive HMM Filters for Vision Based Detection of Moving Targets

Computer vision is an attractive solution for uninhabited aerial vehicle (UAV) collision avoidance, due to the low weight, size and power requirements of hardware. A two-stage paradigm has emerged in the literature for detection and tracking of dim targets in images, comprising of spatial preprocessing, followed by temporal ltering. In this paper, we investigate a hidden Markov model (HMM) based temporal ltering approach. Specically,
Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in an Iranian Urban Population

In Iran, more than 40% of mortality is a result of cardiovascular disorders. The aim of this study was compare of cardiovascular risk factors in urban men and women. This cross-sectional analytic study was performed in urban population of Jahrom in 2008-2009. Subjects aged 30 years or older were selected by multi stage random sampling. Serum lipids including total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL cholesterol and also fasting blood sugar were measured. Their blood pressure was measured under standard method. Weight and height were measured with light clothes and without shoes. The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors in men were overweight (41.3%) and hypertension (35.1%) and in women were low HDL cholesterol (51.3%) and overweight (44.4%). The prevalence of obesity and low HDL cholesterol was higher and the prevalence of smoking was lower in women than in men (p<0.001). According to our results, the prevalence of risk factors was high in both genders. So the importance of performing interventional programs such as changes of lifestyle and dietary habits are needed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Synthesis of ZnO Nanopowders by the Homogeneous Precipitation Method: Use of Taguchi’s Method for Analyzing the Effect of Different Variables

In the present work the effect of different factors in the synthesis of ZnO powders by the homogeneous precipitation method is analyzed. A robust statistical technique, Taguchi’s method, was used to reduce the experiments number. The variables studied were precursor, solvent and precipitating agent type, Zn molar concentration, percentage of saturation, speed and time of agitation, and temperature of synthesis. In order to optimize the particle size, an experimental design of 18 trials was proposed, according to L18 Taguchi array. Structural and morphological properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques (SEM and TEM). The estimated crystallite size in synthesized samples ranged from 32 to 57 nm. The morphologies obtained presented several forms, such as spheres, wires, flowers, bars, and tetrahedrons, with a particle size variation of 35 to 165 nm. In this work it is shown that using a statistical experimental design leads us to a fast and reliable optimization of the synthesis parameters for obtaining small size ZnO nanoparticles, thus optimizing time and human and materials resources.
A Synchronous Tool for Innovation and Improvement of University Communication, Counseling and Tutoring: The WhatsApp Experience

M-learning stands as a different way of learning and the use of WhatsApp appears to be an innovative and effective resource. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effects of the use of this communication tool in the academic monitoring, counseling and tutoring of university students in the Faculty of Education at the University of La Laguna. A control group (N=120) and an experimental group (N=120) of first-year students were established (undergraduate students in Childhood Education, Primary Education and Pedagogy) with the aim of knowing the effect of the use of WhatsApp. An ad hoc questionnaire was used to evaluate the development of both those competences related to academic work and performance and those transversal competences through the use of an m-learning tool based on peer tutoring. The results obtained have revealed important improvements as regards those competences related to time efficiency, planning and organization, and those related to active learning, decision making and motivation.
Zero-Return Measure

The paper uses the proportion of zero-return day’s model to analyse stock market synchronous behaviors for eleven sample county. It is found that the zero-return measure of stock synchronicity is higher in some emerging economies than the developed economies though the result is not statistically significant. In addition, panel data analysis indicates somewhat positive and negative correlation between the zero-return measures with the explanatory variables. The findings raise questions about the reliability of the proportion of zero-return day’s measure and it’s capability to capture stock market synchronous behavior.
Institutional Factors and Personal Income Tax Compliance in Kaduna State-Nigeria

This study investigates the Institutional factors and Personal income tax compliance in Kaduna State- Nigeria. The population consist of all 991 registered self-employed business men and women that registered with the Directorate of Poverty Alleviation and lives in Kaduna, kafanchan and Zaria cities of the State. Stratified random sampling was used to select the 285 respondents that form the sample size. Data were collected through administering of questionnaire while the techniques for data analysis are the descriptive statistics and multiple regressions. The study finds among others that good governance and taxpayers’ awareness have a positive significant relationship with the level of taxpayers’ compliance in the State. The study, therefore recommends that effective communication is necessary in order to publicize tax activities, mainly on compliance issues to the general public. Also, transparency and accountability should be the guiding principles in thought and action of government as the basis for good governance in the State. This can be achieved through aggressive human capital development, as this will go a long way in encouraging taxpayers to be more compliant in the state. Keywords: Institutional Factors. Personal Income Tax, Tax Compliance
The implementation of sharia bylaws and its negative social outcome for Indonesian women

The formalisation of sharia law has been the subject of wide-ranging debate in Indonesia, also internationally. This is because this idea has significant implications, politically and socially, not only for Muslims, but also for women and other followers of other religions who live in Indonesia. It is important to note that there are 78 sharia bylaws which have already been ratified by regional authorities. And more than 52 cities and regencies have applied these regulations at the regional level. Some analysts argue that the implementation of sharia bylaws reflects on the fact that the majority of the Indonesian population needs morality and public order which will be beneficial for improving their lives. However, others rebut this argument by pointing to the fact that the enactment of sharia laws will discriminate and trigger violence against women. This paper will examine the implementation of sharia bylaws and its impacts on Indonesian women. This paper will argue that the implementation of sharia laws have negative impacts on Indonesian women because it has caused negative social outcome for women and women is the most vulnerable from this policy. Formalisasi hukum syariah atau penerapan perda Syariah telah menjadi topik yang menarik debat hangat di Indonesia, juga secara internasional. Hal ini Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies karena kebijakan dan ide ini mempunyai dampak yang sangat serius –secara politik dan sosial—tidak hanya untuk kalangan Muslim, tapi juga untuk perempuan dan pemeluk agama lain di Indonesia. Penerapan perda Syariah hingga saat ini masih terus berjalan dan ada 78 Perda Syariah yang sudah diratifikasi oleh pemerintah lokal. Selain, lebih dari 52 kota dan kabupaten yang telah menerapkan Perda Syariah ini. Sebagian kalangan berargumen bahwa penerapan Perda Syariah adalah hal yang wajar karena mayoritas penduduk Indonesia adalah Muslim dan mereka membutuhkan aturan publik dan moralitas untuk kehidupan mereka. Namun, sebagian berpendapat bahwa menolak argumen tersebut dengan memberikan fakta bahwa perda Syariah akan mendiskriminasi dan memicu kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Artikel ini akan berargumen bahwa penerapan Perda Syariah memberikan dampak negatif terhadap perempuan karena ini mengakibatkan dampak sosial yang buruk terhadap perempuan dan perempuan menjadi pihak yang paling rentan menderita dari kebijakan ini.
English as a Mixed V2 Grammar: Synchronic Word Order Inconsistencies from the Perspective of First Language Acquisition

English as a Mixed V2 Grammar: Synchronic Word Order Inconsistencies from the Perspective of First Language Acquisition This paper discusses some word order inconsistencies found in present-day English and argues that these may be explained by natural processes in first language acquisition. English is usually assumed to have lost its verb-second (V2) properties in the Middle English period, but the paper argues that English should be considered a mixed V2 grammar, as subject-auxiliary inversion is still a syntactic requirement in all questions and a type of inversion also marginally appears in certain declaratives (with informationally light verbs). Discussing word order variation across Germanic V2 languages as well as some acquisition data, the paper develops an approach to language acquisition and change which is based on micro-cues expressed in the input. This means that there are many types of V2 grammars, which distinguish between different clause types, patterns of information structure, and natural classes of categories. In this model, historical gradualism is seen as successive changes affecting one micro-cue at a time, and the mixed V2 property of English is considered to represent no exceptional case, simply a somewhat more restricted V2 grammar than that of the other Germanic languages.
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPATHY: ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT

Throughout this article we aim to defend the presence of psychopathic traits in child and adolescent population. In psychology there are two fundamental theoretical contributions to the understanding of this disorder in childhood. One focuses on the aspects of antisocial behaviour (Lynam, 1997); and the other highlights the presence of a fundamental characteristic in identifying the disorder, known as the callous unemotional trait (CU, Frick, O'Brien, Wootton & McBurnett, 1994). We also present some of the instruments that are most used in the assessment of child and adolescent psychopathy, as well as some results in the treatment of this disease.
Board Diversity and Structure: What Implications for Investments in Innovation? Empirical Evidence from Italian Context

The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the board diversity and the investments in innovation in a sample of companies listed on the Italian Stock Exchange (named Borsa Italiana) and operating in the consumer goods and in the consumer services industry. This sample covers the period from 2006 to 2010 and contains 345 observations. Drawing on the literature review, we pinpointed six hypotheses related to the impact on the investments in innovation of the following independent variables: 1. presence of outside directors; 2. average number of the other positions held by the members of the board; 3. minority shareholder representatives on the board; 4. presence of women on the board of directors; 5. number of committees; 6. frequency of board meetings. Furthermore, on the basis of the previous empirical studies, to measure the investments in innovation (the dependent variable), we chose these accounting ratios: total intangible assets divided by total assets and total R&D costs divided by total sales. From the methodology standpoint, we used both the bivariate statistic (i.e. Pearson Correlations and Anova one way) and the multivariate one (i.e. OLS regression analysis with robust standard errors calculated by the Newey-West, HAC method). Our findings confirm the previous studies and show that, also for the Italian listed companies operating in the industries mentioned earlier, the outsiders as well as the frequency of meetings held by the Strategy Committee assume a relevant role in supporting the investments in innovation. Conversely, the other independent variables concerning board diversity (i.e. women, minority shareholder representatives etc.) are not statistically significant and, as a result, do not influence the investments in innovation.