Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consumer Debt Delinquency by Family Lifecycle Categories

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to document debt delinquency patterns by family lifecycle categories using multiple data sets that are nationally representative of American families.Design/methodology/approach – Based on previous research, 15 lifecycle categories appropriate for American families are defined by household head’s age, marital status, presence of children, and age of children. Data used are from Surveys of Consumer Finances (SCF) in the USA in 1992-2010. Multiple logistic regressions are conducted to identify probabilities of debt delinquencies of families in various lifecycle categories by controlling for income, financial assets, holdings of several types of debt, and several other demographic and socioeconomic variables.Findings – The results show that among the 15 household lifecycle categories, the top three most likely to be delinquent are young couples with children aged seven or older, middle-aged singles with children aged 15 or older, and middle-aged singles with children under 15. Younger households are more financially distressed than their older counterparts. Presence of children increases the probability of debt delinquency.Research limitations/implications – In this study, multiple national data sets representing American families are used to document debt delinquency patterns by family lifecycle categories. Results shed light on this important topic and offer helpful information for both banking industry practitioners and consumer financial educators.Practical implications – The information produced by this study can help bank managers better identify their potential clients and understand their current customers. Different marketing strategies based on the research findings can be developed to attract and retain customers with different delinquency risks.Originality/value – This is the first study to examine debt delinquencies by family lifecycle categories with multiple SCF data sets in the USA. The 15 family lifecycle categories used are based on recent research that is specially designed for American families. The research findings provide straightforward implications for both bank managers and consumer educators.
Occurrence of Bacterial Flora in Oral Infections of Diabetic and Non- Diabetic Patients

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with serious health consequences. The association between diabetes and periodontal disease is well documented. However, the progression and healing of endodontic infections in diabetic patients has not been adequately studied. Dental lesions are emerging as a significant problem in the diabetic patients because of the improving health conditions. The purpose of the study was carried out to compare the bacterial flora from dental caries periodontitis and gingivitis in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Specimens of dental lesions (dental caries, periodontitis and gingivitis) were collected from 100 patients in aseptic conditions, avoiding oral saprophytic contamination. The samples were cultured and incubated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, followed by bacteriological identification. Out of 100, there are 62 diabetic and 38 non-diabetic patients. A total of 82 strains were isolated from diabetic and 60 strains were isolated from non-diabetic patients. The isolated flora in Diabetic patient/Non-diabetic patient ratio was high in Periodontitis (92.64%) as compared to gingivitis (1.23%) and dental caries (0.71%). The study demonstrates that the higher isolates were screened out from diabetic patients as compare to non-diabetic and also the study revealed that the periodontitis is higher in diabetic patients where as dental caries and gingivitis were higher in non-diabetic patients.
Consumer responses to environmental advertising in China

This study examines how consumers in China perceive and respond to company‐sponsored environmental advertising claims. Based on a survey of 914 Chinese respondents in Beijing and Guangzhou, the study has derived some important findings. First, it confirms the casual observation that environmental advertising has already been widely used in the country. Second, it indicates that Chinese consumers, in general, rate print environmental advertisements more favorably than broadcast ones. This is probably due to the pragmatic orientation of Chinese consumers, who consistently seek concrete and substantiated product information from advertisements to guide their shopping. Regression analyses on the collected data further reveal that “perceived credibility of the claim”, “relevance of the advertised product to daily lives”, “education level” and “media type” are all significant factors that would positively affect green purchase intention of Chinese consumers. In addition to providing researchers with further understanding of Chinese consumers' attitudinal and conative responses toward environmental advertising, these findings provide advertisers with useful insights into fine‐tuning their environmental advertising strategies in China.
Assessing Performance Outcomes in Marketing

Research in marketing has increasingly focused on building knowledge about how firms’ marketing contributes to performance outcomes. A key precursor to accurately diagnosing the value firms’ marketing creates is conceptualizing and operationalizing appropriate ways to assess performance outcomes. Yet, to date, there has been little conceptual development and no systematic examination of how researchers in marketing should conceptualize and measure the performance outcomes associated with firms’ marketing. The authors develop a theory-based performance evaluation framework and examine the assessment of such performance outcomes in 998 empirical studies published in the top 15 marketing journals from 1981 through 2014. The results reveal a large number of different performance outcome measures used in prior empirical research that may be only weakly related to one another, making it difficult to synthesize findings across studies. In addition, the authors identify significant problems in how performance outcomes in marketing are commonly conceptualized and operationalized. They also reveal several theoretically and managerially important performance areas in which empirical knowledge of marketing's impact is limited or absent. Finally, they examine the implications of the results, provide actionable guidelines for researchers, and suggest a road map for systematically improving research practice in the future.
Export Cartels in Primary Products: The Potash Case in Perspective

Antitrust authorities have focused their enforcement efforts in recent years on international cartels and a number of such cartels have been heavily sanctioned by US authorities, by European authorities or by both (for example lysine, citric acid, vitamins, sorbate, sodium glucomate). Yet some cartels with an international dimension, ie export cartels, have been treated more leniently than others.
B-cell-specific DNA binding by an E47 homodimer

B cells express a unique E-box-binding activity that contains basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins encoded by the E2A gene. E2A proteins play a central role in immunoglobulin gene transcription and are also required for the generation of the B-lymphocyte lineage. In muscle, E2A proteins bind DNA as heterodimers with muscle-specific bHLH partners, such as MyoD and myogenin, and these heterodimers are thought to be both necessary and sufficient for muscle determination in cultured cells. Our results indicate that in B cells, the bHLH partners for E2A proteins are not B-cell-restricted proteins, but are the E2A proteins themselves. UV cross-linking, gel purification, and the analysis of "forced heterodimers" indicate that BCF1 is primarily a homodimer of the E2A protein E47. Since E47 is widely expressed, our results argue for a difference in the inherent DNA-binding properties of the E47 protein in B cells and may help explain the restricted B-lineage defect observed in E2A-deficient mice.
Intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine versus weekly chloroquine prophylaxis for malaria in pregnancy in Honiara , Solomon Islands : a randomised trial

1 National Vector Borne Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Solomon Islands 2 Queensland Institute of Medical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia 3 Reproductive and Child Health Division, Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Solomon Islands 4 Division of Health Promotion, Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Solomon Islands 5 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Referral Hospital, Honiara, Solomon Islands 6 Previously: Malaria, Other Vector-borne and Parasitic Diseases, WHO, Solomon Islands (retired) 7 Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK † Deceased. * amvaneijk@gmail.com
Exploring service recovery and justice theory in the Libyan airline industry

The services industry is the fastest growing sector of the global economy, and central to its success. This research is concerned with observations of service recovery and its impact on customer satisfaction, and focuses on recovery after service failure, including factors such as compensation, speed, and apology, and their effect on customer perceptions of justice, including distributive, procedural and interactional justice. This exploratory and explanatory study seeks to provide information and understanding of the impact of service recovery and customer satisfaction on each other, by investigating the effect of service failure and recovery on customer perceptions of justice in two Libyan airlines. The theoretical framework of the study is derived from the literature, and is based on a set of interlinking relationships between elements of service recovery (apology, speed and compensation), their effect on customer perceptions of justice (interactional, distributive and procedural) and their logical outcome, which is customer satisfaction. Central to the framework is the conceptualisation of a model of service failure, perceptions of justice, and service recovery as a single continuous process which has as its outcome a level of customer satisfaction. The study starts from the theoretical view point that justice is a necessary component of customer satisfaction, and uses a questionnaire to collect data relevant to the three issues (service recovery, justice and customer satisfaction), which appear in the theoretical model. A total of 584 questionnaires were distributed to the customers of two Libyan airlines at Tripoli‟s international airport, collecting data customer perceptions of service failure recovery efforts. The statistical package SPSS was employed to analyse the raw data and the findings represent a set of relationships established between elements of service recovery and perceptions of justice. The study represents a contribution to knowledge about the relationships between service recovery and justice, using data collected in a developing country and in an industry of vital importance to national development yet opens to international competition. Theoretical and methodological contributions in the form of the study‟s model and questionnaire establish a basis for further research into this area in other developing countries and other industries.
Customer Satisfaction and Shareholder Value

In this article, the authors develop a theoretical framework that specifies how customer satisfaction affects future customer behavior and, in turn, the level, timing, and risk of future cash flows. Empirically, they find a positive association between customer satisfaction and shareholder value. They also find significant variation in the association across industries and firms.
Motion mitigation for lung cancer patients treated with active scanning proton therapy.

PURPOSE Motion interplay can affect the tumor dose in scanned proton beam therapy. This study assesses the ability of rescanning and gating to mitigate interplay effects during lung treatments. METHODS The treatments of five lung cancer patients [48 Gy(RBE)/4fx] with varying tumor size (21.1-82.3 cm(3)) and motion amplitude (2.9-30.6 mm) were simulated employing 4D Monte Carlo. The authors investigated two spot sizes (σ ∼ 12 and ∼ 3 mm), three rescanning techniques (layered, volumetric, breath-sampled volumetric) and respiratory gating with a 30% duty cycle. RESULTS For 4/5 patients, layered rescanning 6/2 times (for the small/large spot size) maintains equivalent uniform dose within the target >98% for a single fraction. Breath sampling the timing of rescanning is ∼ 2 times more effective than the same number of continuous rescans. Volumetric rescanning is sensitive to synchronization effects, which was observed in 3/5 patients, though not for layered rescanning. For the large spot size, rescanning compared favorably with gating in terms of time requirements, i.e., 2x-rescanning is on average a factor ∼ 2.6 faster than gating for this scenario. For the small spot size however, 6x-rescanning takes on average 65% longer compared to gating. Rescanning has no effect on normal lung V20 and mean lung dose (MLD), though it reduces the maximum lung dose by on average 6.9 ± 2.4/16.7 ± 12.2 Gy(RBE) for the large and small spot sizes, respectively. Gating leads to a similar reduction in maximum dose and additionally reduces V20 and MLD. Breath-sampled rescanning is most successful in reducing the maximum dose to the normal lung. CONCLUSIONS Both rescanning (2-6 times, depending on the beam size) as well as gating was able to mitigate interplay effects in the target for 4/5 patients studied. Layered rescanning is superior to volumetric rescanning, as the latter suffers from synchronization effects in 3/5 patients studied. Gating minimizes the irradiated volume of normal lung more efficiently, while breath-sampled rescanning is superior in reducing maximum doses to organs at risk.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kinerja Usaha Wirausaha Wanita: Suatu Studi Pada Industri Pangan Rumahan Di Bogor

One of the industry many cultivated by women entrepreneurs in Indonesia is home industry. The majority of categories business carried on women entrepreneurs in Bogor is business related food. Many factors influence why business performances which is run by women entrepreneurs are not experiencing progress. This research aims at analyze the correlation personal characteristics with business performance of women entrepreneurs on the home food industry and analyze the factors affecting the performances of business women entrepreneurs on the home food industry. The number of samples taken is 100 women entrepreneurs. Data processed in qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative Data processed with descriptive, whereas quantitative data processed by using Rank Spearman and SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) analysis. This research found that women entrepreneurs on home food industry in Bogor showed that education, training, age, ethnic origin, and family background correlated with income; work experience correlated with selling volume; education, training, age, and work experience correlated with expansion area marketing. Beside that, this research found that business performance is influenced by personal characteristics, entrepreneurship, internal and external environment, where personal characteristics of women entrepreneurs on home food industry in Bogor is the most important variables that affect the business performance of women entrepreneurs.
Optimal Financial Transaction Taxes

This paper characterizes the optimal linear financial transaction tax in an equilibrium model of competitive financial markets. When belief disagreement induces excess trading on assets in fixed supply, two main results arise. First, the optimal tax is positive: although a (small) transaction tax discourages all trades equally, the reduction in fundamental trading creates a second-order welfare loss, while the reduction in non-fundamental trading creates a first-order gain. Second, the cross-sectional covariance between investorsâ€™ beliefs and investorsâ€™ equilibrium portfolio tax sensitivities becomes the relevant sufficient statistic for the optimal tax, which does not depend on the actual payoff distribution. I find additional results. First, in dynamic environments, controlling for the level of static disagreement, the optimal tax is lower when investors alternate between being buyers and sellers over time. Second, when financial markets determine production in a Walrasian sense, as in a q-theory environment, a marginal tax increase creates an additional first-order distortion (positive or negative). Third, when financial markets determine production by diffusing information, a marginal tax increase creates an additional first-order loss, due to a learning externality.
Urban home-based businesses: how distinct are the businesses and their owners?

Micro businesses, sole traders and the self-employed form the backbone of all economies. The numerical significance of micro businesses and increasing levels of self-employment in many countries, particularly since the great financial crisis of 2007/08, have been recognised in recent policy statements and publications (Hatfield 2015). What is less appreciated is how many of these micro businesses operate in, or from, their owner’s home. ‘Acacia Avenue’ and its neighbouring streets are just as significant a location for business activity as an industrial estate – but they are typically invisible to the passer-by, or even the neighbour. The divide between home and work that was established in the factory era has well and truly broken down. Home-based businesses (HBBs) comprise the self-employed and owner managers who work at or from home and do not have business premises outside their home. They may use their home as the base for their business while working mainly or partly outside their home, for example in the case of personal service businesses or consultants. As many of these businesses are unregistered, they are usually not captured in survey data or administrative data. Available figures are therefore estimates that have to be interpreted with caution. For example, Enterprise Nation (2014), a UK home-based business network, estimates that over half of all UK small businesses operate from home. This proportion is slightly lower at 47 per cent of all UK small and medium-sized enterprises in the UK Survey of Smalland Medium-sized Enterprises’ Finances 2004 (Mason and Reuschke 2015). In the 2013 UK Labour Force Survey, 57 per cent of the self-employed in the UK worked from home (Mason and Reuschke 2015).
Leveraging fans' global football allegiances to build domestic league support

Purpose – It is not uncommon for sports fans to follow multiple sports teams across different sports and even several teams across different leagues of the same sport. Whereas this might be considered a competitive situation, the purpose of this paper is to examine how interest in overseas football (soccer) leagues played a symbiotic role in the successful development of an Australian national soccer league.Design/methodology/approach – Results of survey data are presented from two clubs in Australia's newly formed A‐League. Three surveys were conducted over a two year period with over 3,700 season ticket holders. Specific attention is paid to fans' previous interest and exposure to football, which is then related to attitudes and behaviour associated with the new clubs.Findings – Interest in overseas clubs and leagues is found to be a major antecedent of interest in the Australian league. Those who follow teams in overseas leagues are more likely to be heavy consumers of the new local league than those w.
SEARCHING FOR SECTORAL PATTERNS OF INNOVATION IN EUROPEAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

The present paper is conducted under the research project “Enterprise of the Future: Trends and Scenarios towards Competitiveness” which attempts to disclosure determinants of future enterprise competitiveness. Innovation is not only a must today but also an imperative in future competitiveness scenarios. In modern evolutionary economics it is argued that sector-specific factors are one of the key factors explaining innovative behaviour and performance of firms. Several contributions have pointed that industries largely differ in terms of knowledge base and technological sources, opportunities and appropriation of innovative activities, technological trajectories and firms’ strategies. Using as background Pavitt’s taxonomy, this paper explores the nature, extent and sources of variety of innovation in the manufacturing industry, aiming at identifying common patterns across industries, and sectoral patterns across countries. This paper presents evidence based on the aggregated results of the last IV Community Innovation Survey released by EUROSTAT (CIS4), for which data is available for a number of industries and countries.
Presenting of Indifference Management Model of Education System in Ardabil Province Using Structural Equation Modeling

The purpose of the present study is to investigate indifference management structural model in education system of Ardabil Province. The research method was integration study using Alli modeling. Statistical society of research was 420 assistant professors of educational science, managers and deputies of Ardabil’ second period of high schools that 383 individuals were selected by simple random sampling. The data collection tool was researcher-made questionnaire. Face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was obtained as of 0/80. In order to investigate hypothesizes of research, obtained data were transferred to LISREL software to fit Alli model of structural equation and then were analyzed. The obtained findings of the statistical analysis showed that behavior and performance of manager indirectly has a meaningful impact on indifference management variable through employee’ empowerment variables, job satisfaction of employee, organization’s culture, organizational climate and employee’ perception of the organization. Goodness of fit index (GFI) 0/92 and root mean square of residuals latent variables model was RMSEA=0/045. Therefore, the model has a good fit and has a great ability to measure main variables of research.
Application and Comparison of Altman and Ohlson Models to Predict Bankruptcy of Companies

Environment fluctuation and increasing competitiveness between corporations lead to make the achievement of proper benefit more difficult. Therefore, financial decision making received more attention compare to past few decades and it forces managers to apply novel techniques and methods in order to make excellent decisions. This study tries to investigate the application of Altman and Ohlson models as two of these techniques. To achieve this goal companies from Tehran Stock Exchange are chosen because there are standard financial statements for corporations in Tehran Stock Exchange and also the data is accessible.
Customer Satisfaction Factors in Pakistani Internet Users Market

This research is aimed at finding out customer satisfaction in Pakistani Internet users' market by keeping in view different variables related to customer satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach: A structured questionnaire with five point Licket-Scale was used for the collection of data. A sample of 300 internet users, using different ISPs and belonging to different cities of Pakistan, were contacted. Out of these 300 users 250 users responded back with a response rate of 82%. For making research process faster convenient sampling was used. SPSS 18.0 is used for the analysis purpose. Findings: The results indicate that Corporate Image, Customer Loyalty and Customer Expectation have high impact on the Customer Satisfaction showing that if customers are loyal to a certain Internet Service Provider (ISP) then it indicates their satisfaction from that ISP. Practical Implications: According to this research, these factors are the driving force for achieving customer satisfaction in the Pakistani ISP market. Managers of different ISPs must focus on these factors for the attainment of higher customer satisfaction and customer loyalty.