Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Defining abnormal electrocardiography in adult emergency department syncope patients: the Ottawa Electrocardiographic Criteria.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have indicated that the suboptimal performance of the San Francisco Syncope Rule (SFSR) is likely due to the misclassification of the "abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG)" variable. We sought to identify specific emergency department (ED) ECG and cardiac monitor abnormalities that better predict cardiac outcomes within 30 days in adult ED syncope patients. METHODS This health records review included patients 16 years or older with syncope and excluded patients with ongoing altered mental status, alcohol or illicit drug use, seizure, head injury leading to loss of consciousness, or severe trauma requiring admission. We collected patient characteristics, 22 ECG variables, cardiac monitoring abnormalities, SFSR "abnormal ECG" criteria, and outcome (death, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, or cardiac procedures) data. Recursive partitioning was used to develop the "Ottawa Electrocardiographic Criteria. " RESULTS Among 505 included patient visits, 27 (5.3%) had serious cardiac outcomes. We found that patients were at risk for cardiac outcomes within 30 days if any of the following were present: second-degree Mobitz type 2 or third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, bundle branch block with first-degree AV block, right bundle branch with left anterior or posterior fascicular block, new ischemic changes, nonsinus rhythm, left axis deviation, or ED cardiac monitor abnormalities. The sensitivity and specificity of the Ottawa Electrocardiographic Criteria were 96% (95% CI 80-100) and 76% (95% CI 75-76), respectively. CONCLUSION We successfully identified specific ED ECG and cardiac monitor abnormalities, which we termed the Ottawa Electrocardiographic Criteria, that predict serious cardiac outcomes in adult ED syncope patients. Further studies are required to identify which adult ED syncope patients require cardiac monitoring in the ED and the optimal duration of monitoring and to confirm the accuracy of these criteria.
The responsible investment practices of the world’s largest government-sponsored investment funds

In this thesis, I evaluate the role of agent related (e.g.: assets under management, type of fund) and structure related (e.g.: strength of civil society) factors on the likelihood that government sponsored investment funds (GSIF) will adopt responsible investment practices. I submit these two sets of theories to empirical scrutiny through a large-n analysis of the responsible investment practices of a newly assembled database of 158 GSEFs spanning 48 countries across all continents. I conclude that the structure and agent related explanations are both significant in explaining the likelihood that a GSIF will adopt responsible investment; both sets of explanations are not mutually exclusive.
Oxidative Stress-dependent Structural and Functional Switching of a Human 2-Cys Peroxiredoxin Isotype II That Enhances HeLa Cell Resistance to H2O2-induced Cell Death*

Although biochemical properties of 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (Prxs) have been extensively studied, their real physiological functions in higher eukaryotic cells remain obscure and certainly warrant further study. Here we demonstrated that human (h) PrxII, a cytosolic isotype of human 2-Cys Prx, has dual functions as a peroxidase and a molecular chaperone, and that these different functions are closely associated with its adoption of distinct protein structures. Upon exposure to oxidative stress, hPrxII assumes a high molecular weight complex structure that has a highly efficient chaperone function. However, the subsequent removal of stressors induces the dissociation of this protein structure into low molecular weight proteins and triggers a chaperone-to-peroxidase functional switch. The formation of a high molecular weight hPrxII complex depends on the hyperoxidation of its N-terminal peroxidatic Cys residue as well as on its C-terminal domain, which contains a “YF motif” that is exclusively found in eukaryotic 2-Cys Prxs. A C-terminally truncated hPrxII exists as low and oligomeric protein species and does not respond to oxidative stress. Moreover, this C-terminal deletion of hPrxII converted it from an oxidation-sensitive to a hyperoxidation-resistant form of peroxidase. When functioning as a chaperone, hPrxII protects HeLa cells from H2O2-induced cell death, as measured by a terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis.
The physiological and physical status of single calves at birth in a dairy herd in New Zealand

Abstract AIM: To determine the physiological status of calves at birth and the perinatal factors that might predispose newborn calves to debility and death, using criteria previously established for newborn lambs. METHODS: Friesian mixed-aged cows and heifers on a dairy farm in New Zealand that were close to calving were separated from the main herd and observed 24 h a day until they calved. Cows in which labour did not progress for over 1 h or which were in distress were assisted. About 12–13 min after birth, rectal temperature was measured and a blood sample was taken from each calf. The packed cell volume (PCV) and plasma lactate, glucose and fructose concentrations were determined. The time to stand for each calf and the air temperature and weather conditions at birth were recorded. RESULTS: The parameters measured were within normal ranges for newborns for the majority of calves. Calves sired by an Angus bull and born to heifers (AngusX) had significantly higher plasma lactate and fructose concentrations than Friesian calves born to cows, but there were no significant differences between the two breeds in any of the other parameters measured. Calves of both breeds born with assistance had significantly higher plasma lactate concentrations than those born without. Friesian calves that were assisted at birth had significantly lower PCvs and took significantly longer to stand than calves born without assistance. Assisted AngusX calves were significantly heavier than their unassisted counterparts. Calves born during windy and wet weather and when air temperatures were below 10°C had lower rectal temperatures, took longer to stand and had higher plasma glucose concentrations than those born in dry weather and when air temperatures were above 10°C. CONCLUSIONS: Calves with physiological parameters outside the normal range had experienced difficult labour and/or intrapartum hypoxaemia. Placental insufficiency and maternal undernutrition during late pregnancy did not apparently contribute to neonatal problems in the present study.
ON THE PROGENITOR OF THE TYPE II-PLATEAU SN 2008cn in NGC 4603

A trend is emerging regarding the progenitor stars that give rise to the most common core-collapse supernovae (SNe), those of Type II-Plateau (II-P): they generally appear to be red supergiants with a limited range of initial masses, ∼8–16 M☉. Here, we consider another example, SN 2008cn, in the nearly face-on spiral galaxy NGC 4603. Even with limited photometric data, it appears that SN 2008cn is not a normal SN II-P, but is of the high-luminosity subclass. Through comparison of pre- and post-explosion images obtained with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 on board the Hubble Space Telescope, we have isolated a supergiant star prior to explosion at nearly the same position as the SN. We provide evidence that this supergiant may well be the progenitor of the SN, although this identification is not entirely unambiguous. This is exacerbated by the distance to the host galaxy, 33.3 Mpc, making SN 2008cn the most distant SN II-P yet for which an attempt has been made to identify a progenitor star in pre-SN images. The progenitor candidate has a more yellow color ([V − I]0 = 0.98 mag and Teff = 5200 ± 300 K) than generally would be expected and, if a single star, would require that it exploded during a “blue loop” evolutionary phase, which is theoretically not expected to occur. Nonetheless, we estimate an initial mass of Mini = 15 ± 2 M☉ for this star, which is within the expected mass range for SN II-P progenitors. The yellower color could also arise from the blend of two or more stars, such as a red supergiant and a brighter, blue supergiant. Such a red supergiant hidden in this blend could instead be the progenitor and would also have an initial mass within the expected progenitor mass range. Furthermore, the yellow supergiant could be in a massive, interacting binary system, analogous to the possible yellow supergiant progenitor of the high-luminosity SN II-P 2004et. Finally, if the yellow supergiant is not the progenitor, or is not a stellar blend or binary containing the progenitor, then we constrain any undetected progenitor star to be a red supergiant with Mini ≲ 11 M☉, considering a physically more realistic scenario of explosion at the model endpoint luminosity for a rotating star.
A Folded-Monopole Model for Electrically Small NRI-TL Metamaterial Antennas

An improved model for analyzing electrically small NRI-TL antennas is proposed, that highlights the methods that enable these antennas to offer a good impedance match and a high radiation efficiency compared to previously reported designs. An even-odd mode analysis reveals that the antenna supports a predominately even-mode current on the vertical vias, allowing the antenna to be modeled using a multiple folded monopole topology, which provides a substantial increase in the radiation resistance of the antenna. This, together with the top-loading effect of the microstrip line on the vias, enables the antenna to be matched to 50 Omega without the use of an external matching network, while maintaining a high radiation efficiency. The validity of the proposed model is confirmed with a fabricated prototype, that consists of four microstrip zero-degree NRI-TL unit cells with dimensions of lambda0/10 times lambda0/10 times lambda/20 over a 0.45lambda0 times 0.45lambda0 ground plane. The antenna's performance is verified by full-wave simulations and experimental data obtained at 3.1 GHz, which yield a vertical linear electric field polarization, a measured -10dB return-loss bandwidth of 53 MHz and a measured efficiency of 70%.
Possible involvement of prolonging spinal µ‐opioid receptor desensitization in the development of antihyperalgesic tolerance to µ‐opioids under a neuropathic pain‐like state

In the present study, we investigated the possible development of tolerance to the antihyperalgesic effect of µ‐opioid receptor (MOR) agonists under a neuropathic pain‐like state. Repeated treatment with fentanyl, but not morphine or oxycodone, produced a rapid development of tolerance to its antihyperalgesic effect in mice with sciatic nerve ligation. Like the behavioral study, G‐protein activation induced by fentanyl was significantly reduced in membranes obtained from the spinal cord of nerve‐ligated mice with in vivo repeated injection of fentanyl. In β‐endorphin‐knockout mice with nerve ligation, developed tolerance to the antihyperalgesic effect of fentanyl was abolished, and reduced G‐protein activation by fentanyl after nerve ligation with fentanyl was reversed to the normal level. The present findings indicate that released β‐endorphin within the spinal cord may be implicated in the rapid development of tolerance to fentanyl under a neuropathic pain‐like state.
Get the Right Mix of Bricks and Clicks

Pero, al forjar estas estrategias, los ejecutivos se enfrentan a una decision tan dificil como crucial: ? deben integrar sus negocios de Internet con el negocio tradicional, o mantenerlos separados? A pesar de los obvios beneficios que ofrece la integracion —promociones cruzadas, informacion compartida, aprovechamiento de la gestion de compras, economias de distribucion, y otras— muchos ejecutivos sostienen que, para tener exito, las empresas de Internet deben estar separadas. Influidos por las advertencias que Clayton Christensen expone en The Innovator's Dilema (El dilema del innovador), creen que la verdadera naturaleza del negocio tradicional —su proteccionismo de los clientes actuales, su temor a la canibalizacion, su miopia general— sofocara cualquier iniciativa de Internet.
Effect of vitamin E, vitamin C and beta-carotene on LDL oxidation and atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE The oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL) may be an early step in atherogenesis. Furthermore, evidence of oxidized LDL has been found in vivo. The most persuasive evidence shows that supplementation of some animal models with antioxidants slows atherosclerosis. The purpose of this review is to examine the roles that vitamin E, vitamin C and beta-carotene may play in reducing LDL oxidation. DATA SOURCES English language articles published since 1980, particularly from groups active in this field of research. STUDY SELECTION In vitro, animal, and human studies on antioxidants, LDL oxidation, and atherosclerosis were selected. DATA SYNTHESIS Vitamin E has shown the most consistent effects with regard to LDL oxidation. Beta-carotene appears to have only a mild or no effect on oxidizability. Ascorbate, although it is not lipophilic, can also reduce LDL oxidative susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS LDL oxidizability can be reduced by antioxidant nutrients. However, more research is needed to establish their utility in the prevention of coronary artery disease.
Motivational Responses to Fitness Testing by Award Status and Gender

Fitness testing is a prominent element in many physical education programs, but there has been limited investigation concerning motivation constructs associated with the testing. This study investigated the relationships among physical education students' award status and gender to achievement goals, intrinsic motivation, and intentions. After they had completed a battery of fitness tests, 123 fifth-grade physical education students were classified into two groups: those who received awards and those who did not. They completed a series of questionnaires assessing motivational constructs. Analyses of variance revealed that students who received a fitness award reported higher levels of task-involvement, perceived competence, effort, enjoyment, and future intention than those who did not. Boys reported higher levels of ego-involvement than girls, but no other gender differences were evident. The findings from this study can be used to inform practitioners, test designers, and researchers about the ways fitness testing programs can be structured so that all students receive the potential benefits from participating in such assessments.
Endogenous Redox Activity in Mouse Spermatozoa and Its Role in Regulating the Tyrosine Phosphorylation Events Associated with Sperm Capacitation1

Abstract We investigated the role of endogenous redox activity in regulating the signal transduction pathway leading to tyrosine phosphorylation in mouse spermatozoa. Endogenous redox activity was monitored using a luminol-peroxidase chemiluminescent probe. Chemiluminescence increased in spermatozoa that were actively undergoing cAMP-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation events associated with capacitation and was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by addition of catalase or diphenylene iodonium, both of which also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation within the cell at points downstream of cAMP. Excluding bicarbonate from the incubation medium reduced the redox activity of sperm by 80–90% and dramatically reduced tyrosine phosphorylation. This study provides the first evidence that tyrosine phosphorylation associated with capacitation in mouse spermatozoa is redox regulated by a flavinoid-containing enzyme involving mediation by hydrogen peroxide. Bicarbonate regulated the redox activity of mouse spermatozoa, and this regulation may contribute to the impact of this anion on tyrosine phosphorylation during capacitation of mouse spermatozoa.
Characterization of drug-metabolizing systems in hyperplastic nodules from the livers of rats receiving 2-acetylaminofluorene in their diet.

A number of drug-metabolizing systems were measured in hyperplastic noduli from the livers of rats receiving 2-acetyl-aminofluorene in their diet and compared with corresponding activities in control liver. The level of microsomal cytochrome P-450 is reduced 54% in the nodular tissue, while 5 activities catalyzed by the cytochrome P-450 system (i.e., aminopyrine N-demethylase, benzo[a]pyrene monooxygenase, ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase, ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase, and 2-acetylaminofluorene N-hydroxylase) are all present at levels corresponding to 5-44% of the control levels. The pattern of 2-acetylaminofluorene metabolites formed by nodule microsomes also differs from the pattern observed with control microsomes. Microsomal epoxide hydrolase is increased 415%, cytosolic glutathione S-transferases 203-576%, microsomal UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity about 200%, and cytosolic DT-diaphorase 1210% in the nodules. The same changes are seen in nodules of different sizes and in individual nodules of the same size. Finally, of all of these changes only the full increase in epoxide hydrolase can be seen after 1-3 weeks of exposure to 2-acetylaminofluorene.
De las escuelas eficaces a las reformas educativas de segunda generación

Este ensayo revisa cuales han sido los aportes mas importantes que ha hecho la denominada perspectiva de investigacion sobre las ? escuelas eficaces? y algunas otras corrientes derivadas, en conexion con algunos de los fundamentos mas importantes que tienen las reformas educativas de ? segunda generacion? Para esto se resenan estudios hechos tanto en Estados Unidos e Inglaterra, como en America Latina. Las escuelas eficaces tienen la virtud de haber promovido la construccion de la escuela como objeto de analisis situado entre las determinaciones macro-estructurales y la agencia de los maestros y alumnos, incluyendo areas clasicas como el curriculo, el clima organizacional, la tradicion de cada escuela, la formacion docente y la gestion escolar. Sin embargo, las nuevas reformas educativas suelen reducir unilateralmente estas implicancias al ambito de la gerencia y de las instituciones de regulacion y control.
The Reliability of Recall Data: a Literature Review

La Fiabilité des données de mémoire - Analyse de la littérature scientifique. Cet article analyse la littérature qui tente de tester la fiabilité et la validité des données de mémoire. principalement en ce qui concerne la vie et la carrière professionnelle des individus. Il est important que les concepteurs et analystes d'enquêtes comprennent les contraints de la collecte de données de mémoires fiables et les niveaux de qualité des données collectées. Les références présentées viennent plutôt de scientifiques universitaires en sciences sociales aux Etats-Unis et en Grande-Bretagne, mais aussi de chercheurs gouvernementaux et de psychologues. Les principaux objectifs de l'article sont de présenter l'état des connaissances sur la fiabilité des divers types de données de mémoire et de fournir des informations concernant les choix opérationnels que les concepteurs et les analystes d'enquête doivent faire. Dans ce but, les méthodes, qui ont été utilisées pour tester la validité et la fiabilité des données de mémoire, sont présentées, évaluées et mises en ordre. Dans la pratique, il est très difficile de tester la validité des données de mémoire, mais il y a un certain nombre de méthodes pour en tester la fiabilité.
Gentrification, Authenticity and White Middle-Class Identity in Jonathan Lethem’s The Fortress of Solitude

L in jonathan lethem’s The Fortress of Solitude (2003), the protagonist, Dylan Ebdus, returns to his childhood home in Brooklyn to visit his father. The year is 1999 and, although it is Dylan’s first time home after almost a decade spent living in California, the trip is hardly a triumphant return to the old neighborhood. Known as Gowanus when he lived there during the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s, the neighborhood, Dylan discovers, has been renamed Boerum Hill and gentrified. Indeed, signs of the process are everywhere. He notes, for instance, that a formerly abandoned house was no longer abandoned, and that “all along the block . brownstone lintels and steps [had been] refreshed . [and] gatework repaired and reblacked . Even the slate was straight and neat, repointed like the brick, where it hadn’t been replaced by poured concrete” (433). As a result of such changes, only traces of the Gowanus he once knew remain “glinting under the veneer” of Boerum Hill (429). Despite what appears to be the neighborhood’s revitalization, Dylan, Lethem writes, cannot bring himself to celebrate the change. Instead, he is unsettled by the uneasy mixture of old and new and the past and the present that he encounters while walking down the block he knew as a child. Balancing his memories of the old neighborhood and the few traces that remain with the reality of a gentrified present, Dylan “feel[s] the juxtaposition, the crush of time” (432). As he takes in Boerum Hill’s growing gentrified
Cure of a patient with profoundly chemotherapy-refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma: Role of rituximab, high-dose therapy, and allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Patients with primary large B-cell lymphomas of the mediastinum (PMBL) who suffer early relapse have a low likelihood of achieving a prolonged second remission with conventional salvage therapy. Here we describe the case of a 33-year-old woman with PMBL refractory to 6 lines of therapy before undergoing salvage therapy with rituximab, ifosfamide and etoposide followed by high-dose therapy, autologous transplantation, and sequential non-myeloablative allogeneic transplantation, who remains in ongoing complete remission for more than 39 months and is apparently cured. The specific roles of the components of the successful salvage therapy are discussed.
Plasma concentrations of thyroxine in dairy cows exposed to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields

Two experiments were carried out to assess the effects of electric and magnetic fields (EMF) on blood thyroxine (T4) in dairy cattle. In experiment 1, 16 lactating pregnant Holstein cows were exposed to 10 kV/m, 30 µTesla (µT) EMF. The animals were divided into two groups of eight animals each. Each group was exposed to EMF according to one of two treatment sequences of three periods of 28 days each. Sequence 1 was EMF OFF‐ON‐OFF and sequence 2 was EMF ON‐OFF‐ON. During the last day of each treatment period, blood samples were collected every 4 h for 24 h to estimate T4 plasma concentrations. In experiment 2, 16 nonlactating, nonpregnant, multiparous Holsteins were exposed to 10 kV/m, 30 µT EMF. The animals were divided into two groups of eight animals each. Each group was exposed to EMF according to one of the two treatment sequences described above, except that each period amounted to the number of days corresponding to one estrous cycle. During treatment, blood samples were collected every other day for T4 analysis. In both experiments, the light cycle emulated a short photoperiod (8 h light/16 h dark). During the ON periods, the animals were exposed to EMF for 16 h, 8 h of the light period plus the first 8 h of during the dark period. In experiment 1, exposed animals did not have any change in T4 plasma concentrations due to treatment (P = .0968), but, the time of sample collection revealed a significant difference (P = .0012). In experiment 2, the effect of period (P = .0009) and the treatment by days interaction (P = .0003) were statistically significant. We conclude that a worst case scenario exposure of dairy cattle to 10 kV/m, 30 µT EMF influences, in a moderate fashion, the blood levels of thyroxine. Bioelectromagnetics 27:553–559, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.