Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intraspecific behavioural interactions in Apodemus microps: a peaceful mouse?

Social interactions of captive Apodemus microps Kratochvil et Rosicky, 1952 were studied in dyadic encounters. In neutral-cage conditions both sexes showed exceptionally high proportion of amicable behaviour (on average ca 30% of the total time) and very low proportion of agonistic behaviour (up to 2.1%), when compared to patterns reported in other Apodemus species. The high share of amicable behaviour cannot be simply explained by decreased aggression. Mice actively offered amicable acts to their unfamiliar conspecifics even during the short-time (ten-minute) encounters. This phenomenon may be interpreted as a cooperative strategy. However, the near absence of aggression in A. microps could be altered by specific social contexts: males, but not females, became mutually agonistic when tested in a home-cage or in the presence of a female.
The SDSS-IV in 2014: A Demographic Snapshot

Many astronomers now participate in large international scientific collaborations, and it is important to examine whether these structures foster a healthy scientific climate that is inclusive and diverse. The Committee on the Participation of Women in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (CPWS) was formed to evaluate the demographics and gender climate within SDSS-IV, one of the largest and most geographically distributed astronomical collaborations. In 2014 April, the CPWS administered a voluntary demographic survey to establish a baseline for the incipient SDSS-IV, which began observations in 2014 July. We received responses from 250 participants (46% of the active membership). Half of the survey respondents were located in the United States or Canada and 30% were based in Europe. Approximately 65% were faculty or research scientists and 31% were postdocs or graduate students. Eleven percent of survey respondents considered themselves to be an ethnic minority at their current institution. Twenty-five percent of the SDSS-IV collaboration members are women, a fraction that is consistent with the U.S. astronomical community, but substantially higher than the fraction of women in the International Astronomical Union (16%). Approximately equal fractions of men and women report holding positions of leadership in the collaboration. When binned by academic age and career level, men and women also assume leadership roles at approximately equal rates, in a way that increases steadily for both genders with increasing seniority. In this sense, SDSS-IV has been successful in recruiting leaders that are representative of the collaboration. That said, it is clear that more progress needs to be made toward achieving gender balance and increasing diversity in the field of astronomy, and there is still room for improvement in the membership and leadership of SDSS-IV. For example, at the highest level of SDSS-IV leadership, women disproportionately assume roles related to education and public outreach. The goal of the CPWS is to use these initial data to establish a baseline for tracking demographics over time as we work to assess and improve the climate of SDSS-IV.
Gendered Differences: Postmodern Feminist Perspectives and Young Women Identified as “Emotionally Disabled”

Little consideration has been given to adolescent girls identified as having emotional disabilities in either the research or clinical literature. Social workers continue to use developmental theories that are based on males, and thus contribute to the persistent silence about the needs of this population. Feminist and postmodern perspectives can serve to highlight how dominant discourses around “gender,” “emotional disabilities,” and “psychological development” influence social work theory and practice with this population. This paper uses feminist and postmodern re-visions of developmental theories to deconstruct the current research and clinical practices with female adolescents and shows how these re-visions can inform our thinking about adolescent girls identified as having emotional or behavioral disabilities.
Convergence or Diversity in National Recruitment and Selection Practices:A Case Study of the State of Qatar

This paper examines the convergence and diversity in approaches to national HRM practices in Qatar. The sample of the study consists of 31 human resources managers working for different Qatari companies. Large companies and small to mid-size companies were included in the sample. The findings show that half of the Qatari companies have developed very detailed recruitment plans for the coming five years. The results also demonstrate that the Qatari companies used valid criteria in formulating these plans. In addition, most of the companies included in the survey encourage ‘buying your own employees’ as a recruitment policy, and rely equally on both internal and external recruitment. Furthermore, most of the HR managers indicated that their organizations target native men and women. Moreover, the results exemplify some more important findings relating to the recruitment polices being used in Qatari companies.
Preparation and Characterization of Visible-Light-Activated Fe-N Co-Doped TiO2 and Its Photocatalytic Inactivation Effect on Leukemia Tumors

The Fe-N co-doped TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized by a sol-gel method and characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Then the photocatalytic inactivation of Fe-N-doped TiO2 on leukemia tumors was investigated by using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Additionally, the ultrastructural morphology and apoptotic percentage of treated cells were also studied. The experimental results showed that the growth of leukemic HL60 cells was significantly inhibited in groups treated with TiO2 nanoparticles and the photocatalytic activity of Fe-N-TiO2 was significantly higher than that of Fe-TiO2 and N-TiO2, indicating that the photocatalytic efficiency could be effectively enhanced by the modification of Fe-N. Furthermore, when 2 wt% Fe-N-TiO2 nanocomposites at a final concentration of 200 μg/mL were used, the inactivation efficiency of 78.5% was achieved after 30-minute light therapy.
Fatty acid composition of beef steers as affected by diet and fat depot.

Subcutaneous and perirenal fatty acid (FA) profiles were compared in steers fed a control diet (70 : 30 red clover silage (RC) : barley concentrate), a diet with sunflower seed (SS) substituted for barley, and diets with 15% or 30% wheat dried distillers’ grain with solubles (DDGS-15 and DDGS-30) substituted for RC and SS. Perirenal fat (PRF) versus subcutaneous fat (SCF) had greater proportions of total saturated FA (SFA) and branched chain FA (BCFA), and lower proportions of total and major cis -monounsaturated FA ( c -MUFA). Addition of SS to the diet did not change the proportions of total and major c -MUFA and n -6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), but led to decreases in the proportions of total and major SFA, BCFA and n -3 PUFA. Progressive substitutions with DDGS led to no further changes in the proportions of total and major SFA and n -3 PUFA, but decreased the proportions of BCFA and c 9-16:1, and increased the proportions of c 9-18:1 and n -6 PUFA. Feeding SS and DDGS-15 diets yielded the largest proportions of total and major t -18:1 ( t 11- and t 13-/ t 14-18:1) isomers in PRF and conjugated lineolic acid (CLA) isomers ( t 7, c 9- and t 9, c 11-18:2) in SCF, but responses were diminished when feeding the DDGS-30 diet. Subcutaneous fat versus PRF from steers fed SS and DGGS diets had larger proportions of non-conjugated 18:2 biohydrogenation products (i.e. atypical dienes) than the control diet. Overall, feeding SS and DDGS-15 diets raised the proportions of t 11- 18:1 in PRF and c 9, t 11-18:2 in SCF, which have potential human health benefits, but feeding DDGS-30 was less effective. Keywords: Beef, rumenic acid, vaccenic acid
NLTE analysis of the solar potassium abundance

Aims. We investigate the formation of neutral potassium lines in the solar photosphere based on extensive statistical equilibrium calculations to determine the solar potassium abundance. Methods. The computations are based on a 68-level potassium atomic model. Hydrogen collisions were supplied with an enhancement factor SH = 0.05 to the classical Drawin formula. Synthetic line profiles calculated from the level populations according to the NLTE departure coefficients were compared with the observed solar spectral atlas. Results. The solar potassium abundance based on theoretical model atmospheres is log e� (K) = 5.12 ± 0.03, which agrees with the meteoritic value of 5.09 ± 0.05 compiled by Lodders.
39. STABLE ISOTOPE RECORDS IN BULK SEDIMENTS (LEG 138)1

Several hundred samples of bulk sediments from all the 11 sites drilled during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 138 in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean have been analyzed for δ13C and δ 18 θ. The δ13C records provide information on the changes in the operation of the global carbon cycle during the late Neogene that were postulated by Shackleton (1985) on the basis of analogous data from Deep Sea Drilling Program (DSDP) Leg 74 in the South Atlantic. The general validity of the trend from isotopically heavier δ13C values during the mid-Miocene toward lighter values today is confirmed. The data appear to be useful for high-resolution correlation among sites. The origin of the variability is enigmatic; even in the Pleistocene, there is low-frequency variability in bulk sedimentδ13C having an amplitude of more than \%c that is not present inδ13C records from foraminifers, and the concerns expressed by Broecker and Woodruff (1990) regarding the interpretation of the record must be taken seriously. The bulk-sediment δ 18 θ data for the past 1 m.y. show a latitudinal trend that is consistent with the present-day surface temperature gradient, with cooler water on the equator caused by upwelling. The data for the interval 1 to 4 Ma show a similar trend, but between 4 and 7 Ma, the gradient across latitude is steeper. When interpreted in terms of temperature, this implies that surface temperatures along the equator were lower during the interval of exceptionally high sediment accumulation rates of the latest Miocene and early Pliocene. This intense equatorial upwelling declined at about 4 Ma, perhaps as the connection to the Atlantic Ocean across Middle America became ineffective. In the sediment immediately above 11- to 12-Ma-old basement, the δI8O values at Sites 849, 850, 851, and 852 become isotopically heavier than the values for sediment of similar age from Site 845 (which lies on 16-Ma-old basement and preserves a longer record). This may imply diagenetic exchange at a relatively low temperature (altering the δ 18 θ value toward a more positive value). Overall, the data sets are remarkably consistent. This suggests that other than close to basement, the isotopic effects of diagenetic change must be small and spatially smooth. It should be possible to retrieve long sea-surface temperature records of immense value from these data.
An Inquiry into Conflict Management Strategies: Study of Higher Education Institutions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

The purpose of this paper is to gain an insight into the conflict management strategies (CMS) of faculty in the higher education institutions (HEIs) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. To achieve the above mentioned purpose, survey method was used with the help of questionnaire. In this research, impact of CMS was assessed on the negative consequences and the impact of demographic variations on CMS was examined in higher education. Negative consequences were significantly explained by avoiding strategy and dominating strategy. This research has found significant differences in the dominating and obliging strategies among the male and female respondents. Regarding the designation, significant differences were found in the dominating strategy and avoiding strategy. While age of the respondents’ also exerted significant influence on the compromising strategy.
Opportunity Makes the Cheater: High School Students and Academic Dishonesty

The purpose of this study was to reveal data about cheating behaviours in Slovenian upper secondary schools, to raise awareness and to lower tolerance for such behaviour. To acquire information about demographics, cheating behaviour, and opinions on such behaviour, we compiled a questionnaire that targeted a university population of first-year students(N=323). From the results, it was revealed that cheating is a way of life in Slovenian schools, and almost all students at least occasionally indulge in some academic misbehaviour. It seems that a culture tolerant or even supportive of such behaviour has been established among students, parents and teachers, all working together to “help” students climb the ladder of success. The open question is whether all kinds of cheating are even recognized as such. Cheating is most common in homework, but at the other end, even systems such as external exams are not immune to fraud. At the moment, classic methods of cheating dominate. Differences between characters (e.g. gender) and educational institutions in most cases are non-existent or small, a finding that could aid in establishing measures to prevent cheating inside schools as institutions.
Psychological Skills of Elite and Non-Elite Volleyball Players

The present paper aimed to study and compare some psychological skills of elite andnon-elite volleyball players in the City of Urmia. Statistical population included all volleyball players of Urmia in the premier league and youth competitions, among of whom 60 male athletes with an average age, weight, and height of 24±1.68, 78±2.86, and 188±2.53, respectively, were selected by non-random and purposeful method and divided into two groups of elite and non-elite. In order to collect information, the questionnaire of psychological skills assessment issued by South Australian Sports Institute (SASI) was used. The results showed that elite vo lleyball players, compared with non-eliteones, recorded higher scores at all levels of mental skills. In overall, the present study showed thatpsychological skills play a more important role in reaching the peak fitness in volleyball players and they des erve to receive more attention from coaches and athletes .
Observational Study of Wind Channeling within the St. Lawrence River Valley

The presence of orography can lead to thermally and dynamically induced mesoscale wind fields. The phenomenon of channeling refers to the tendency for the winds within a valley to blow more or less parallel to the valley axis for a variety of wind directions above ridge height. Channeling of surface winds has been observed in several regions of the world, including the upper Rhine Valley of Germany, the mountainous terrain near Basel, Switzerland, and the Tennessee and Hudson River Valleys in the United States. The St. Lawrence River valley (SLRV) is a primary topographic feature of eastern Canada, extending in a southwest‐ northeast direction from Lake Ontario, past Montreal (YUL) and Quebec City (YQB), and terminating in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. In this study the authors examine the long-term surface wind climatology of the SLRV and Lake Champlain Valley (LCV) as represented by hourly surface winds at Montreal, Quebec City, and Burlington, Vermont (BTV). Surface wind channeling is found to be prominent at all three locations with strong bidirectionalities that vary seasonally. To assess the importance of the various channeling mechanisms the authors compared the joint frequency distributions of surface wind directions versus 925-hPa geostrophic wind directions with those obtained from conceptual models. At YUL, downward momentum transport is important for geostrophic wind directions ranging from 2408 to 3408. Pressure-driven channeling is the dominant mechanism producing northeasterly surface winds at YUL. These northeasterlies are most prominent in the winter, spring, and autumn seasons. At YQB, pressure-driven channeling is the dominant physical mechanism producing channeling of surface winds throughout all seasons. Of particular importance, both YUL and YQB exhibit countercurrents whereby the velocity component of the wind within the valley is opposite to the component above the valley. Forced channeling was found to be prominent at BTV, with evidence of diurnal thermal forcing during the summer season. Reasons for the predominance of pressuredriven channeling at YUL and YQB and forced channeling at BTV are discussed.
Promotion of Differentiated Instruction Through a Virtual Learning Environment

This qualitative action research intends to analyze the effects of differentiated instruction (di) administered through a virtual learning environment (vle) on students' English learning process. Differentiated instruction is understood as an approach that aims to foster every student’s potential by taking into account their level of readiness, learning styles, multiple intelligences and interests. A group of 29 students from a private school participated in this research study. Journals data were analyzed through the use of content analysis and triangulation techniques, using Atlas.ti software. Findings avowed that di through a vle approach (di-vle henceforth) had a positive impact on students' learning process, meeting their needs and increasing their motivation. This study suggests that teachers and researchers in Colombia implement di in their own practices to gain understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of this approach. The field of teaching English as a foreign language cannot be exception. The di approach can constitute a valuable pedagogical alternative for the benefit of students.
Bank-Specific and Macroeconomic Determinants of Commercial Banks Profitability in Ghana

This study examines the influence of bank-specific and macroeconomic factors on commercial banks profitability in Ghana. The study employed the ordinary least square regression model to analyse the data obtained from the annual financial statements of five commercial banks from 2010 to 2015. The empirical results suggest that bank size, liquidity, capital adequacy, asset management, expense management, and real interest rate are positively related to profitability. GDP growth and inflation rate on the other hand, are related negatively to profitability. However, only bank size, liquidity, and expense management have a significant effect on commercial banks profitability. It can be observed that commercial banks profitability in Ghana is largely determined by bank-specific factors, whereas macroeconomic factors have an insignificant impact on banks profitability for the period considered. Therefore, it is crucial for management of commercial banks in Ghana to efficiently manage the factors that contribute to their profitability in order to enhance superior performance.
Weeds in spring cereal fields in Finland - a third survey

Kevatviljapeltojen rikkakasvillisuutta kartoitettiin Etela- ja Keski-Suomessa vuosina 1997-1999 yhteensa 16 tutkimusalueella. Aineistoa kerattiin tavanomaisesti ja luonnonmukaisesti viljellyilta pelloilta. Tutkimuksessa oli mukana yhteensa 690 peltoa. Rikkakasvien tiheys laskettiin kymmenelta ja kuivapaino maaritettiin neljalta 0,1 m2 (40 x 25 cm) laskentaruudulta. Pienet laskentaruudut olivat osa 1,0 m2 naytealaa, jolta havainnoitiin lajien esiintyminen 0/1-asteikolla. Naytteet kerattiin heinakuun puolivalin ja elokuun alkupuolen valisena aikana. Vastaavat kartoitukset on tehty 1960- ja 1980-luvun alussa.Kevatviljapelloilta loydettiin yhteensa 188 rikkakasvilajia (1,0 m2 havaintoalat). Varsinaisilta naytealoilta (0,1 m2) loytyi 160 kasvilajia, joista 134 oli levealehtisia ja 26 heinamaisia rikkakasveja. Tavanomaisesti viljeltyjen torjunta-aineilla ruiskutettujen peltojen yleisimmat rikkakasvit olivat pelto-orvokki (81 % tutkituista pelloista), pihatahtimo (65 %), pillikkeet (60 %), jauhosavikka (53 %), linnunkaali (52 %) ja pihatatar (50 %). Luonnonmukaisesti viljeltyjen peltojen yleisimmat lajit olivat puolestaan jauhosavikka (96 %), pihatahtimo (95 %), pillikkeet (93 %), pelto-orvokki (93 %), peltohatikka (83 %) ja peltoukonnauris (82 %). Yleisin heinamainen rikkakasvi oli juolavehna, jota tavattiin 60 % tavanomaisen viljelyn pelloista ja 81 % luomupelloista. Kaikkiaan 18 rikkakasvilajia oli sellaisia, joita loydettiin vahintaan joka kolmannelta tutkitulta pellolta. Keskimaarainen lajimaara kaikilla pelloilla oli 18. Luonnonmukaisesti viljellyilla pelloilla keskimaarainen lajimaara oli 24 ja tavanomaisesti viljellyilla 16 (ruiskutetuilla 15 ja ruiskuttamattomilla 25). Ruiskutetuilla tavanomaisen viljelyn pelloilla kasvoi rikkakasveja keskimaarin 136 kpl/m2, ruiskuttamattomilla 420 kpl/m2 ja luonnonmukaisesti viljellyilla pelloilla 469 kpl/m2. Rikkakasvien tuottama biomassa oli vastaavasti 163 kg/ha, 605 kg/ha ja 678 kg/ha. Rikkakasvien osuus kevatviljapeltojen kasvimassasta (vilja + rikkakasvit) oli ruiskutetuilla tavanomaisen viljelyn pelloilla keskimaarin 3 % ja luomupelloilla 17 %. Juolavehna tuotti eniten biomassaa. Rikkakasveja kasvoi viljapelloilla runsaammin kuin 1980-luvun alussa, jolloin edellinen kartoitus tehtiin. Yleisimmat rikkakasvit ovat tavanomaisessa viljelyssa paaosin samoja lajeja kuin 1980-luvulla, mutta esim. juolavehna on yleistynyt ja runsastunut. Tavanomaisessa viljelyssa on kymmenen yleisimman lajin joukossa mm. pelto-orvokki, pihatatar, peltomatara ja peltoemakki, joiden kemiallinen torjunta vaatii erikoisaineita. Luonnonmukaisen viljelyn yleistymisen myota pelloille nayttavat palaavan sellaiset lajit kuin peltohatikka ja peltoukonnauris seka kestorikkakasveista peltovalvatti ja pelto-ohdake, jotka tavanomaisessa viljelyssa saadaan pidettya kurissa kemiallisella torjunnalla ja viljan kilpailukyvylla. Viljelyn voimaperaisyys tulee vaikuttamaan rikkakasvillisuuden tulevaan kehitykseen.
The pea crab, Pinnotheres pisum (Linnaeus, 1767), and its association with the common mussel, Mytilus edulis (Linnaeus, 1758), in the Solent (UK)

betw een A pril and O ctober w ith a peak o f 709f in bcrrv in June and Ju ly . Larger fem ales cam e into berry earlie r, and m ay have been a year o lder, than sm aller fem ales. The association w ith m ussels is best described as am ensalism for m ale pea crabs and parasitism
Kinematics and hydrodynamics of spinning particles

In the first part (Sections 1 and 2) of this paper --starting from the Pauli current, in the ordinary tensorial language-- we obtain the decomposition of the non-relativistic field velocity into two orthogonal parts: (i) the "classical part, that is, the 3-velocity w = p/m OF the center-of-mass (CM), and (ii) the so-called "quantum" part, that is, the 3-velocity V of the motion IN the CM frame (namely, the internal "spin motion" or zitterbewegung). By inserting such a complete, composite expression of the velocity into the kinetic energy term of the non-relativistic classical (i.e., newtonian) lagrangian, we straightforwardly get the appearance of the so-called "quantum potential" associated, as it is known, with the Madelung fluid. This result carries further evidence that the quantum behaviour of micro-systems can be adirect consequence of the fundamental existence of spin. In the second part (Sections 3 and 4), we fix our attention on the total 3-velocity v = w + V, it being now necessary to pass to relativistic (classical) physics; and we show that the proper time entering the definition of the four-velocity v^mu for spinning particles has to be the proper time tau of the CM frame. Inserting the correct Lorentz factor into the definition of v^mu leads to completely new kinematical properties for v_mu v^mu. The important constraint p_mu v^mu = m, identically true for scalar particles, but just assumed a priori in all previous spinning particle theories, is herein derived in a self-consistent way.