Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sparse and low rank signal recovery with partial knowledge

In the first part of this work, we study sparse recovery problem in the presence of bounded noise. We obtain performance guarantees for modified-CS and for its improved version, modified-CS-Add-LS-Del, for recursive reconstruction of a time sequence of sparse signals from a reduced set of noisy measurements available at each time. Under mild assumptions, we show that the support recovery error and reconstruction error of both algorithms are bounded by a time-invariant and small value at all times. In the second part of this work, we study batch sparse recovery problem in the presence of large and low rank noise, which is also known as the problem of Robust Principal Components Analysis (RPCA). In recent work, RPCA has been posed as a problem of recovering a low-rank matrix L and a sparse matrix S from their sum, M := L + S and a provably exact convex optimization solution called PCP has been proposed. We study the following problem. Assume that we have a partial estimate of the column space of the low rank matrix L, we propose here a simple but useful modification of the PCP idea, called modified-PCP, that allows us to use this knowledge. We derive its correctness result which shows that modified-PCP indeed requires significantly weaker incoherence assumptions than PCP, when the available subspace knowledge is accurate. In the third part of this work, we study the “online” sparse recovery problem in the presence of low rank noise and bounded noise, which is also known as the “online” RPCA problem. Here we study a more general version of this problem, where the goal is to recover low rank matrix L and sparse matrix S from M := L + S + W and W is the matrix of unstructured small noise. We develop and study a novel “online” RPCA algorithm based on the recently introduced Recursive Projected Compressive Sensing
Using Robust Statistical Methodology to Evaluate the Cost Performance of Project Delivery Systems: A Case Study of Horizontal Construction

The objective of this study is to demonstrate the application of the bootstrapping M-estimator (a robust analysis of variance [ANOVA]) to test the null hypothesis of means equality among the cost performance of the three project delivery systems (PDS). A statistical planned contrast methodology is utilized after the robust ANOVA analysis to further determine where the differences of the means lie. The results of this research concluded that traditional PDS (Design-Bid-Build [DBB]) outperformed the two innovative PDS (Design-Build [DB] and Construction Manager/General Contractor [CMGC]), DBB and CMGC outperformed DB, and DBB outperformed CMGC, for the Cost Growth and the Change Order Cost Factor performance. These findings can help decision makers/owners make an informed decision regarding cost related aspects when choosing PDS for their projects. Though the case study of this research is based on the sample data obtained from the construction industry, the same methodology and statistical process can be applied to other industries and factors/variables of interest when the study sample data are unbalanced and the normality and homogeneity of variance assumptions are violated.
Influence of amine-functionalised graphene oxide filler on mechanical and insulating property of epoxy nanocomposites

Graphene oxide incorporated epoxy nanocomposites were prepared using synthesised graphene oxide (GO) and amine functionalised graphene oxide (AGO) in various loading (0–0.6) wt% by solution blending method. As synthesised GO and AGO were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The dielectric permittivity and loss factor of GO/AGO epoxy nanocomposites were found out by impedance analyser in the frequency range of 101 to 106 Hz. The dielectric endurance of GO/AGO epoxy nanocomposites was investigated by dielectric breakdown strength and electrical resistivity. It was found that for filler loadings up to 0.4 wt% of both GO and AGO, there was a proportionate change in properties due to homogeneous dispersion. The study shows surface functionalised AGO-epoxy nanocomposites have shown better permittivity, loss factor, and breakdown strength than neat epoxy and GO-epoxy composites.
Assay of the Requisite of the Metallic Corrosion in Crude Oils

Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons with some trace compounds including corrosive causing agents. Corrosion is a severe consequence regarding the industry of crude oil refining. Using the general definition of the formations of metal sulfides, oxides or hydroxides on the metal surface and the process is occurred by the corrosive properties of crude oils. The scope of this research was to investigate the contributions of corrosive properties of both Murban and Das Blend crude oils on the corrosion rates of seven different types of ferrous metals, which are obligatory in the crude oil refining industry. The sulfur contents, mercaptans contents, acidities and salt contents of both crude oils were tested by following standard methodologies and instruments. The elemental composition of each metal coupon was tested by the XRF detector. A batch of similar sized metal coupons was prepared and those metal coupons were immersed separately in both crude oils in homogeneous way. After 15, 30 and 45 days from the immersion the corrosion rates of each type of metal were determined by the relative weight loss method with the aid of a microscopic analysis. The decayed ferrous and copper concentrations in crude oil samples were tested by the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and the variations of the initial hardness of such metal coupons due to the corrosion were tested as confirmation stages of the formation of the corrosion. There were found some relatively lower corrosion rates from stainless steels with respect to both crude oils among other metals, formations of different types of corrosion compounds, higher ferrous and copper concentrations in some of crude oil samples and slight reductions of the initial hardness of most of metal coupons due to the corrosion as the head most results of the aforesaid research.
Reinforcing Effect of Nano Kaolin Clay on Some Optical Properties of Poly (methyl methacrylate) for Medical Application

In this study, the effects of nano kaolin clay content on the optical properties of PMMA films are investigated. PVA solution used as a coated layer covered the nano-kaolin applied as filler. The reinforced nano-kaolin content of 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt%. Improve the absorbance of UV radiation for (PMMA/kaolin) nanocomposite films at 7 wt% allows use for protection purposes, such as solar radiation shield , in the manufacture of sunglasses to protect the human eye from UV radiation damaged to the tissues of the body and as packaging for storage drugs. The values of allowed and forbidden indirect transition optical energy gap decrease with increasing the rate of reinforced nano-kaolin up to (4.27, 3, 2.8, 2.49, 2.23 eV) and (3.99, 2.4, 2.1, 1.8, 1.3 eV) respectively. Refractive indexes, extinction coefficient of polymer reinforcement nano-kaolin were done. Key words: PMMA, Nano-kaolin clay, Optical properties, Composite materials.
Characterization, modeling and prediction of fretting wear of aeroengine combustor components

The need for understanding and predicting the fretting wear failure of aeroengine combustor components is driven by the concern of proper design and reliable operation of aeroengines, which is of major economic and safety concern. The objectives of this research are to assess the tribological behaviour of some combustor component candidate contact pairs (CP1: Cobalt Alloy 2 / Cobalt Alloy 1, CP2: Cobalt Alloy 1 / Nickel Alloy 1 and CP3: Cobalt Alloy 2 / Nickel Alloy 1) at different loading conditions and temperature levels. It is required also to produce useful material selection maps that can be used by engine designers, and to provide, through fundamental understanding, some predictive models tools which can be reliably employed in the forecast of fretting wear failure. The experimental investigation was carried out using a specially designed tribometer. Results showed that, for all tested contact pairs, the increase in the temperature from 350°C to 550°C was associated with a decrease in the coefficient of friction (COF). Results also showed that the least wear coefficient (wear damage) was exhibited by CP1 at 550°C, and by CP2 at 350°C. This was attributed to the formation of a protective layer of compacted oxides, which contributes to load bearing, precludes the metal-metal contact, and reduces the friction and wear damage. Although a decrease in friction was associated with a decrease in the wear coefficient for CP1, it was associated with an increase in the wear coefficient for CP2 and CP3. Using a finite element thermomechanical model, it was found that the frictional heat causes a reduction in the depth at which subsurface cracks initiate, but once initiated, they propagate faster. A thermal model based on the surface topographies of the real surfaces was developed to predict the contact temperature. Compared to the model based on the uniformly-distributed equal-sized micro contact areas (MCAs), this model showed better ability to capture the contact temperature and its gradient in the subsurface layer. Results also showed that, unlike machined surfaces, fretted surfaces form agglomerated MCAs, which raise the surface temperature. In addition, the friction thermal effect was found to be pronounced for materials having high hardness and low thermal conductivity. %%%%La necessite de comprendre et de predire l'usure par fretting des pieces de chambre de combustion de moteurs d'avions est entrainee par le souci de conception et fonctionnement fiable de moteurs aeronautiques. Ceci represente une preoccupation majeure economique et securitaire. Les objectifs de cette recherche sont d'evaluer le comportement tribologique de certaines paires de contact candidates des pieces de chambre de combustion (PC1: Alliage de Cobalt 2 / Alliage de Cobalt 1, PC2: Alliage de Cobalt 1/ Alliage de Nickel 1 et PC3: Alliage de Cobalt 2 / Alliage de Nickel 1) a differentes conditions de chargement et niveaux de temperature. Il est egalement necessaire de fournir des cartes de selection des materiaux utiles qui peuvent etre utilisees…
Lignin-Containing Coatings for Packaging Materials—Pilot Trials

One severe weakness of most biopolymers, in terms of their use as packaging materials, is their relatively high solubility in water. The addition of kraft lignin to starch coating formulations has been shown to reduce the water solubility of starch in dry coatings. However, lignin may also migrate into aqueous solutions. For this paper, kraft lignin isolated using the LignoBoost process was used in order to examine the effect of pH level on the solubility of lignin with and without ammonium zirconium carbonate (AZC). Machine-glazed (MG) paper was coated in a pilot coating machine, with the moving substrate at high speed, and laboratory-coated samples were used as a reference when measuring defects (number of pinholes). Kraft lignin became soluble in water at lower pH levels when starch was added to the solution, due to the interactions between starch and lignin. This made it possible to lower the pH of the coating solutions, resulting in increased water stability of the dry samples; that is, the migration of lignin to the model liquids decreased when the pH of the coating solutions was reduced. No significant difference was observed in the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) between high and low pH for the pilot-coated samples. The addition of AZC to the formulation reduced the migration of lignin from the coatings to the model liquids and led to an increase in the water contact angle, but also increased the number of pinholes in the pilot-coated samples.
Effects of temperature and lead core heating on response of seismically isolated bridges under near-fault excitations

Seismic responses of bridges isolated by lead rubber bearings under near-fault excitations are presented in this article. A bilinear force-deformation model is employed to represent the hysteretic behaviors of lead rubber bearings. The joint effects of ambient temperature, initial displacement, and lead core heating on the responses of seismically isolated bridges are investigated. Nonlinear time history analyses are conducted with the employed hysteretic models of lead rubber bearings. Comparisons of the responses with and without the joint effects are performed, in terms of maximum isolator displacements, maximum isolator forces, and base forces of the piers. Results show that ambient temperature, initial displacement, and lead core heating have significant joint effects on the responses of seismically isolated bridges. When such joint effects are ignored at low temperatures, the maximum isolator displacements could be overestimated, whereas the maximum isolator forces and the base forces could be underestimated. However, as for ambient temperatures above 20°C, the maximum isolator displacements could be underestimated, whereas the maximum isolator forces and the base forces could be overestimated with small maximum isolator displacements and underestimated with large maximum isolator displacements.
Fact Fiction And Forecast

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Extremum problems of directed information

Traditional information theoretic measures used for evaluating channel capacity and lossy compression are defined via mutual information. For memoryless communication channels and sources this measure has been successfully applied to compute the operation capacity of channels and lossy compression of sources, respectively. For channels with memory and feedback, and nonanticipative lossy compression of sources with memory the valid information measure is the directed information defined via nonanticipative conditional distributions. Directed information is also extensively utilized in networks, communication for real-time stochastic control applications, and in biological system analysis. This thesis investigates the functional and topological properties of directed information and two extremum problems arising from this information theoretic measure. The first, is the extremum problem of nonanticipative rate distortion function of sources with memory and the second, is the extremum problem of feedback capacity of channels with memory and feedback. For these two extremum problems, existence of an optimal solution is shown using the topology of weak convergence of probability distributions. For the extremum problem of nonanticipative rate distortion function, applications in zero-delay Joint Source-Channel Coding (JSCC) design based on average and excess distortion probability, in bounding the Optimal Performance Theoretically Attainable (OPTA) by noncausal and causal codes, and computing the Rate Loss (RL) of zerodelay and causal codes with respect to noncausal codes are derived. For the extremum problem of feedback capacity, sequential necessary and sufficient conditions are derived and applied to time-varying channels with memory to establish recursive closed form expressions of the optimal distributions, which maximize the finite-time horizon directed information. In addition, the feedback capacity of several time-invariant channels with memory is derived using the asymptotic properties of the optimal distributions of the finite-time horizon directed information.
Characterization of spinel-type Cd1−xCoxCr2O4 nanocrystals by a microwave-combustion synthesis

Spinel nanocrystals of Cd1−xCoxCr2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) solid solution are successfully synthesized by a microwave combustion method and their properties are systematically studied. Single phase spinel structure is determined for all the synthesized compositions by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and the two vibrational bands of metal-oxide bonds are assigned by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) indicates almost stoichiometric compositions in the whole range of x of the synthesized Cd1−xCoxCr2O4 nanoparticles. Crystallite sizes of 6 – 10 nm estimated from XRD patterns are in consistence with sizes of cubic nanocrystals observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The lattice constant behavior with x shows a deviation from Vegard’s law with a kink anomaly at x ∼ 0.5 that may be attributed to different site-preferences of divalent cations in the two spinel sublattices. Optical absorbance measurements reveal a wide energy gap of 3.5 eV for CdCr2O4 nanoparticles that is smoothly narrowed by Co-substitution for Cd to become 3 eV in pure CoCr2O4 with particular optical characteristics. Magnetization isotherms measured at 300 K confirm the parmagnetic behavior, while those measured at 2 K show hysteresis evolution from a suppressed antiferromagnetic state to a ferrimagnetic state with maximum coercivity for Cd0.7Co0. 3Cr2O4.
Coideals, quantum subgroups and idempotent states

We establish a one to one correspondence between idempotent states on a locally compact quantum group G and integrable coideals in the von Neumann algebra of bounded measurable functions on G that are preserved by the scaling group. In particular we show that there is a 1-1 correspondence between idempotent states on G and psi-expected left invariant von Neumann subalgebras of bounded measurable functions on G. We characterize idempotent states of Haar type as those corresponding to integrable normal coideals preserved by the scaling group. We also establish a one to one correspondence between open subgroups of G and convolutionally central idempotent states on the dual of G. Finally we characterize coideals corresponding to open quantum subgroups of G as those that are normal and admit an atom. As a byproduct of this study we get a number of universal lifting results for Podles condition, normality and regularity and we generalize number of results known before to hold under the coamenability assumption.
Investigation of effects of protease enzyme produced by Bacillus subtilis 168 E6-5 and commercial enzyme on physical properties of woolen fabric

Abstract Wool is one of the most important fibers in textile industry, and has been commonly used for producing value added products due to its properties of lightness, warmth, softness, and smoothness. However, the special scale structure in wool cuticle can cause felting shrinkage of wool fabrics. Proteases have been widely used to modify the surface of wool to prevent wool felting, due to their ability to catalyze the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in wool scales. Although the treatment of wool with proteases was considered as an environmentally friendly technique to provide wool fabrics with shrink resistance properties, proteases exhibited low efficacy in removing the cuticle scales because of the highly cross-linked barriers. In this study, wool fabric was treated with protease enzyme obtained from novel isolated bacteria and commercial protease enzyme, and the results were compared. The tear strength, pilling changes in ΔE values, whiteness and yellowness values of wool were controlled. Results showed that treatment with Bacillus subtilis 168 E6-5 protease enzyme yielded improvements in the physical properties of wool fabric compared with commercial enzyme.
Effect of blowing agent concentration on rigid polyurethane foam and the properties of foam-core particleboard

ABSTRACT In this research, a sandwich panel with particleboard as surface layers and rigid polyurethane (PU) foam as core layers (foam-core particleboard) was produced with a one-step in situ foaming process. The effects of hydrofluorocarbon concentration as the blowing agent (BA) on the foam features and physical and mechanical properties of the produced panels were investigated. Typical micrograph of the rigid PU foam showed well-deﬁned closed cells of spherical and polyhedral shapes. It was shown that the number of fractured cells in the foam structure was increased with the addition of BA in the amount of more than 4.5%. The results showed that the bending strength and internal bond values significantly raised with increasing BA concentration up to 6%. Screw withdrawal resistance from the face and thickness swelling were not significantly changed while the BA concentration varied. Edge screw withdrawal resistance and water absorption were drastically decreased when the blowing agent concentration was raised in the whole studied range. ABBREVIATIONS: PU: polyurethane; OH: hydroxyl; PO: polyol; ISO: isocyanate; BA: blowing agent; PMDI: polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; BS: bending strength; IB: internal bond; SWR: screw withdrawal resistance; TS: thickness swelling; WA: water absorption
Foundations Of Understanding

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