Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moderate and Stable Pain Reductions as a Result of Interdisciplinary Pain Rehabilitation—A Cohort Study from the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation (SQRP)

Few studies have investigated the real-life outcomes of interdisciplinary multimodal pain rehabilitation programs (IMMRP) for chronic pain. This study has four aims: investigate effect sizes (ES); analyse correlation patterns of outcome changes; define a multivariate outcome measure; and investigate whether the clinical self-reported presentation pre-IMMRP predicts the multivariate outcome. To this end, this study analysed chronic pain patients in specialist care included in the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation for 22 outcomes (pain, psychological distress, participation, and health) on three occasions: pre-IMMRP, post-IMMRP, and 12-month follow-up. Moderate stable ES were demonstrated for pain intensity, interference in daily life, vitality, and health; most other outcomes showed small ES. Using a Multivariate Improvement Score (MIS), we identified three clusters. Cluster 1 had marked positive MIS and was associated with the overall worst situation pre-IMMRP. However, the pre-IMMRP situation could only predict 8% of the variation in MIS. Specialist care IMPRPs showed moderate ES for pain, interference, vitality, and health. Outcomes were best for patients with the worst clinical presentation pre-IMMRP. It was not possible to predict who would clinically benefit most from IMMRP.
Rapid Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Evolution After Early Revascularization.

Background and Purpose- In this era of endovascular therapy (EVT) with early, complete recanalization and reperfusion, we have observed an even more rapid apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) normalization within the acute ischemic lesion compared with the natural history or IV-tPA-treated patient. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of revascularization on ADC evolution within the core lesion in the first 24 hours in acute ischemic stroke patients. Methods- This retrospective study included anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke patients treated with EVT with or without intravenous tPA (IVT) from 2015 to 2017 compared with a consecutive cohort of IVT-only patients treated before 2015. Diffusion-weighted imaging and ADC maps were used to quantify baseline core lesions. Median ADC value change and core reversal were determined at 24 hours. Diffusion-weighted imaging lesion growth was measured at 24 hours and 5 days. Good clinical outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2 at 90 days. Results- Twenty-five patients (50%) received IVT while the other 25 patients received EVT (50%) with or without IVT. Between these patient groups, there were no differences in age, sex, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, interhospital transfer, or IVT rates. Thirty-two patients (64%) revascularized with 69% receiving EVT. There was a significant increase in median ADC value of the core lesion at 24 hours in patients who revascularized compared with further ADC reduction in nonrevascularization patients. Revascularization patients had a significantly higher rate of good clinical outcome at 90 days, 63% versus 9% ( P=0.003). Core reversal at 24 hours was significantly higher in revascularization patients, 69% versus 22% ( P=0.002). Conclusions- ADC evolution in acute ischemic stroke patients with early, complete revascularization, now more commonly seen with EVT, is strikingly different from our historical understanding. The early ADC normalization we have observed in this setting may include a component of secondary injury and serve as a potential imaging biomarker for the development of future adjunctive therapies. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: https://www.clinicaltrials. gov . Unique identifier: NCT00009243.
The value of echocardiography and Doppler in the prediction of fetal demise after laser coagulation for TTTS: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

This study aimed to investigate the value of echocardiography and Doppler before fetoscopic laser coagulation for twin‐twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) in the prediction of intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD). We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to compare preoperative parameters between fetuses with and without demise after laser surgery. Eighteen studies were included. Recipient twins have an increased risk of demise in case of preoperative absent/reversed flow (A/REDF) in the umbilical artery (odds ratio [OR] 2.76, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78‐4.28), absent or reversed a‐wave in the ductus venosus (OR 2.32, 95% CI, 1.70‐3.16), or a middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity > 1.5 multiples of the median (MoM) (OR 7.59, 95% CI, 2.56‐22.46). In donors, only A/REDF in the umbilical artery (OR 3.40, 95% CI, 2.68‐4.32) and absent or reversed a‐wave in the ductus venosus (OR 1.66, 95% CI, 1.12‐2.47) were associated with IUFD. No association was found between donor‐IUFD and preoperative myocardial performance index (MPI). Two studies found an association between abnormal MPI and recipient demise. With this study, we have identified a set of preoperative Doppler parameters predictive of fetal demise after laser surgery. More research is needed to assess the utility of preoperative echocardiographic parameters such as the MPI in predicting IUFD.
Drought Yield QTL (qDTY) with Consistent Effects on Morphological and Agronomical Traits of Two Populations of New Rice (Oryza sativa) Lines

Drought has been a major limiting factor for rice production. Drought yield QTLs (qDTYs; QTLs = quantitative trait loci) were pyramided into MRQ74 and MR219 to produce drought tolerant lines. In this study, new drought tolerant MRQ74 and MR219 pyramided lines (PLs) were evaluated under drought stress (RS) and non-stress (NS) conditions to evaluate the effects of different qDTYs combinations on morphological and agronomical traits. MRQ74 PLs having qDTY12.1 possessed the best root length (RL) under both RS and NS but the effect was only significant for MR219 PLs under RS. Some qDTYs combinations also found to have consistent effect on the same trait of both populations. PLs with only qDTY12.1 showed the highest grain yield (GY) under RS in both populations which means qDTY12.1 controlled RL and caused higher GY under drought condition. The interaction of major-effect qDTY12.1 with qDTY2.2 also shows significant effect on leaf rolling (LR) of both PL populations. These qDTYs proved to be beneficial in improving traits related to drought tolerance. Selected PLs with qDTY12.1 combinations also found to have better RL and root weight (RW) under RS. Improvement of morphological and agronomical traits led to higher GY of PLs. Therefore, qDTY12.1 either is present singly or in combination with other qDTYs was the best qDTY due to its consistent effect on morphological and agronomical traits and GY across populations under RS and NS.
A skin tumor from an orthopedic oncology perspective: Pilomatrixoma in extremities (11 years experience with 108 cases)

Pilomatrixoma, also known as calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, is a benign skin neoplasm originating from hair follicle matrix cells. Pilomatrixoma is a common skin neoplasm that is often misdiagnosed as another type of skin condition. The aim of our study is to review 11 years' worth of experience in examining clinical and histopathological presentations, imaging findings, management approaches, and treatment outcomes of pilomatrixoma at a tertiary hospital. A review of the pathology database revealed that 108 extremity pilomatrixomas were excised between 2007 and 2018. Hospital charts, and pathology and orthopedic clinic records, were reviewed for patient data such as age, gender, clinical and histopathological presentations, preoperative diagnosis and imaging results, management approach, recurrence, and treatment outcomes. The main presenting symptom was a hard, subcutaneous, slowly growing mass. The preoperative diagnosis was accurate and consistent with the pathological diagnosis of pilomatrixoma in only 35 cases (32%). The optimal diagnostic tool for pilomatrixoma seems to be ultrasound imaging of superficial tissue, and the optimal first‐line treatment might be surgical excision with clear margins. However, pilomatrixoma is a benign tumor, with atypical forms, and there no tumor‐specific diagnostic tool is available other than careful histopathological examination.
Types of Sedentary Behavior and Risk of Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Blacks: The Jackson Heart Study

Background Previous cross‐sectional studies have shown conflicting results regarding the effects of television viewing and occupational sitting on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. The purpose of this study was to compare the association of both television viewing and occupational sitting with CVD events and all‐cause mortality in blacks. Methods and Results Participants included 3592 individuals enrolled in the Jackson Heart Study, a community‐based study of blacks residing in Jackson, Mississippi. Television viewing (<2, 2–4, and >4 h/day) and occupational sitting (never/seldom, sometimes, often/always) were self‐reported. Over a median follow‐up of 8.4 years, there were 129 CVD events and 205 deaths. The highest category of television viewing (>4 h/day) was associated with a greater risk for a composite CVD events/all‐cause mortality end point compared with the lowest category (<2 h/day; hazard ratio, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.13–1.97). In contrast, the highest category of occupational sitting (often/always) was not associated with risk for a composite CVD events/all‐cause mortality end point compared with the lowest category (never/seldom; hazard ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.69–1.18). Moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity moderated the association of television viewing with CVD events/all‐cause mortality such that television viewing was not associated with greater risk among those with high moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity levels. Conclusions Television viewing was associated with greater risk of CVD events and all‐cause mortality, while occupational sitting had no association with these outcomes. These findings suggest that minimizing television viewing may be more effective for reducing CVD and mortality risk in blacks compared with reducing occupational sedentary behavior.
Chronic hepatitis C in the Czech Republic: Forecasting the disease burden.

OBJECTIVE Chronic HCV infection is associated with cirrhosis of the liver, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver transplantation. HCV disease burden and the impact of new potent direct acting antivirals (DAAs) in the Czech Republic are unknown. METHODS Using a modelling framework, HCV disease progression in the Czech Republic was predicted to 2030 under the current standard of care treatment structure. In addition, two strategies to reduce the future burden of HCV infection were modelled: an incremental increase in treatment annually and WHO targets. RESULTS The number of viremic infected individuals in the Czech Republic is estimated to peak in 2026 (n = 55,130) and to decline by 0.5% by 2030 (n = 54,840). The number of individuals with compensated cirrhosis (n = 1,400), decompensated cirrhosis (n = 80), HCC (n = 70), and liver-related deaths (n = 60) is estimated to more than double by 2030. Through aggressive increases in diagnosis and treatment, HCV related mortality may decrease by 70% by 2030. CONCLUSIONS Disease burden associated with chronic HCV infection is projected to peak in the Czech Republic in 30-40 years. Assuming that the current portion of DAAs used remains constant, a significant reduction in HCV disease burden is possible through increased diagnosis and treatment through 2030. This analysis provides evidence in order to facilitate the development of national strategies for HCV care and management in the Czech Republic.
Association of Mediterranean diet and anthropometric measures with quality of life in coronary artery disease patients.

INTRODUCTION the Mediterranean diet (MD) and ideal body weight are associated with a reduction in the risk of chronic diseases, but their association with health-related quality of life (HRQL) is not clear. OBJECTIVE the aim of this study was to assess the association between adherence to MD and the HRQL and anthropometric measurements in coronary artery disease patients. METHODS this cross-sectional study was carried out in 55 women and 84 men who were diagnosed with coronary artery disease by a physician. Anthropometric indices were measured, MD adherence was evaluated with a 14-item questionnaire and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used for HRQL. RESULTS mean age in males was 63.0 ± 9.7 years and mean age in females was 63.1 ± 10.1 years. Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 53.5% and 40.5%, respectively, in men and 14.5% and 83.6%, respectively, in women. Adherence to the MD was assessed and the median values were found statistically higher in male patients (p < 0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between MD and all physical component summary (PCS, its subscale) and most mental component summary (MCS) (except emotional role, social health subscale) (p < 0.05). Inverse significant associations were found between BMI, waist circumference, waist/height ratio, percent of body fat and both PCS and MCS (including most subscales). CONCLUSION adoption of healthy dietary habits (adherence to the Mediterranean diet) by the participants and optimal anthropometric measurements may be considered as a possible contributor to HRQL.
Pharmacogenomics of nicotine metabolism: novel CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 genetic variation patterns in Alaska Native and American Indian populations.

INTRODUCTION Alaska Native and American Indian (AN/AI) populations have higher tobacco use prevalence than other ethnic/racial groups. Pharmacogenetic (Pgx) testing to tailor tobacco cessation treatment may improve cessation rates. This study characterized polymorphic variations among AN/AI people in genes associated with metabolism of nicotine and drugs used for tobacco cessation. METHODS Recruitment of AN/AI individuals represented six subgroups, five geographic subgroups throughout Alaska and a subgroup comprised of AIs from the lower 48 states living in Alaska. We sequenced the CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 genes to identify known and novel gain, reduced, and loss-of-function alleles, including structural variation (e.g., gene deletions, duplications, and hybridizations). RESULTS Variant allele frequencies differed substantially between AN/AI subgroups. The gene deletion CYP2A6*4 and reduced function CYP2A6*9 alleles were found at high frequency in Northern/Western subgroups and in Lower 48/Interior subgroups, respectively. The reduced function CYP2B6*6 allele was observed in all subgroups and a novel, predicted reduced function CYP2B6 variant was found at relatively high frequency in the Southeastern subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Diverse CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 variation among the subgroups highlight the need for comprehensive Pgx testing to guide tobacco cessation therapy for AN/AI populations. IMPLICATIONS Nicotine metabolism is largely determined by CYP2A6 genotype, and variation in CYP2A6 activity has altered the treatment success in other populations. These findings suggest pharmacogenetic-guided smoking cessation drug treatment could provide benefit to this unique population seeking tobacco cessation therapy.
Cannabis use correlates with aggressive behavior and long-acting injectable antipsychotic treatment in Asian patients with schizophrenia

Abstract Background: Although cannabis use has been linked with schizophrenia in a dose–response pattern, to our knowledge, the relationship between cannabis and schizophrenia has rarely been reported in Asian population. Aim: We compared the clinical characteristics and psychotropic prescription patterns between cannabis users and non-users among Asian patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, we aimed to identify the independent correlates of cannabis use in these subjects. Methods: We performed the analysis of the data from the Research on Asian Psychotropic Prescription Patterns for Antipsychotics (REAP-AP), a collaborative consortium survey used to collate the prescription patterns for antipsychotic and other psychotropic medications in patients with schizophrenia in Asia. We included 132 schizophrenia patients in the group of lifetime cannabis use and 1756 in the group that had never used cannabis. A binary logistic model was fitted to detect the clinical correlates of lifetime cannabis use. Results: Adjusting for the effects of age, sex, geographical region, income group, duration of untreated psychosis, and Charlson comordity index level, a binary logistic regression model revealed that lifetime cannabis use was independently associated with aggressive behavior [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.582, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.006–2.490, p = . 047] and with long-acting injectable antipsychotic treatment (aOR = 1.796, 95% CI = 1.444–2.820, p = .001). Conclusion: Our findings indicate a close link between lifetime cannabis use and aggressive behavior. The use of long-acting, injectable antipsychotics preferentially treats the aggressive behavior cannabis users among patients with schizophrenia in Asia, especially, the South or Southeast Asia.
Psychometric properties and utility of the Responses to Positive Affect questionnaire (RPA) in a sample of people with bipolar disorder

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Responses to Positive Affect (RPA) questionnaire in a sample of persons with bipolar disorder (BD). Method Cross‐sectional survey study with 107 persons with BD. The original 3‐factor model of the RPA was compared with a 2‐factor model. Construct validity was determined with measures of well‐being, personal recovery, social role participation, and psychopathology and incremental validity was evaluated. Results The fit of the 3‐factor model was acceptable for most fit indices. Subscores of the RPA revealed a significant relationship with aspects of well‐being, personal recovery, and psychopathology. Dampening and self‐focused positive rumination explained additional variance in personal recovery above and beyond well‐being. Conclusions The RPA is an internally consistent and valid tool to assess positive emotion regulation processes in persons with BD. Specifically, the processes of dampening and emotion‐focused positive rumination seem to play an important role in BD.
Cigarette Smoke Induces Metabolic Reprogramming of the Tumor Stroma in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is comprised of metabolically linked distinct compartments. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) and nonproliferative carcinoma cells display a glycolytic metabolism, while proliferative carcinoma cells rely on mitochondrial oxidative metabolism fueled by the catabolites provided by the adjacent CAFs. Metabolic coupling between these reprogrammed compartments contributes to HNSCC aggressiveness. In this study, we examined the effects of cigarette smoke–exposed CAFs on metabolic coupling and tumor aggressiveness of HNSCC. Cigarette smoke (CS) extract was generated by dissolving cigarette smoke in growth media. Fibroblasts were cultured in CS or control media. HNSCC cells were cocultured in vitro and coinjected in vivo with CS or control fibroblasts. We found that CS induced oxidative stress, glycolytic flux and MCT4 expression, and senescence in fibroblasts. MCT4 upregulation was critical for fibroblast viability under CS conditions. The effects of CS on fibroblasts were abrogated by antioxidant treatment. Coculture of carcinoma cells with CS fibroblasts induced metabolic coupling with upregulation of the marker of glycolysis MCT4 in fibroblasts and markers of mitochondrial metabolism MCT1 and TOMM20 in carcinoma cells. CS fibroblasts increased CCL2 expression and macrophage migration. Coculture with CS fibroblasts also increased two features of carcinoma cell aggressiveness: resistance to cell death and enhanced cell migration. Coinjection of carcinoma cells with CS fibroblasts generated larger tumors with reduced apoptosis than control coinjections, and upregulation of MCT4 by CS exposure was a driver of these effects. We demonstrate that a tumor microenvironment exposed to CS is sufficient to modulate metabolism and cancer aggressiveness in HNSCC. Implications: CS shifts cancer stroma toward glycolysis and induces head and neck cancer aggressiveness with a mitochondrial profile linked by catabolite transporters and oxidative stress. Visual Overview: http://mcr.aacrjournals. org/content/molcanres/17/9/1893/F1.large. jpg. Visual Overview
HIV prevalence, knowledge and self-perceived risk of HIV infection among tuberculosis patients in Serbia.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to estimate the seroprevalence of HIV infection among TB patients, knowledge, self-perceived risks and testing practices related to HIV. METHODS We performed cross-sectional study from 10 May to 15 July 2011. Cluster sampling method was used to select 27 hospitals where 289 TB patients were consecutively recruited. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression methods were used to identify the factors associated with correct comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS. RESULTS HIV prevalence among TB patients was 0.3%. Only 25.2% of the respondents presented comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS. The percentage of correct answers to all questions related to knowledge about HIV/AIDS increases with educational status (χ2 = 5.42; p < 0.05) and decreases with the age of respondents (χ2 = 8.53; p > 0.05). The independent predictors of correct comprehensive knowledge were living without partner (OR = 4.45; CI = 1.59-12.95) and self-awareness of HIV risk (OR = 4.43; CI = 1.20-16.52). CONCLUSION HIV prevalence among TB patients is higher than among general population in Serbia. The level of comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS is low. There is a need for continuous implementation of public health strategy to successfully manage HIV and HIV/TB co-infection in Serbia.
Genomic characterization of canine circovirus associated with fatal disease in dogs in South America

Canine circovirus (CanineCV) was detected, together with canine parvovirus (CPV), in samples from an outbreak of fatal gastroenteritis in dogs in Argentina. We obtained the full-length genome of this recently discovered virus by overlapping PCR, designated strain UBA-Baires. Sequence analysis revealed a highly conserved genome but also showed several unique mutations in amino acids from the capsid protein that have not been previously reported. Phylogenetic analysis shows that this strain is more closely related to European strains than to viruses detected in North America or Asia. Although the pathogenic role of CanineCV in dogs is still unclear, this study highlights the importance of CanineCV as a coinfecting virus in disease development. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the involvement of CanineCV in severe clinical disease in dogs in South America. Our results expand our information on the geographical extent of this virus and contribute to the understanding of its role in disease.