Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental and numerical analysis of the elastic behaviour of the trip 700 steel for springback predictions

La necesidad de aligerar los vehiculos para reducir el consumo y el aumento de la competitividad, ha motivado a la industria del automovil a introducir nuevas familias de materiales y reforzar la precision de los procesos de fabricacion con el objetivo de reducir gastos. La complejidad de los procesos de conformado, junto con la demanda de disminucion de costes, ha conllevado a la dependencia de codigos de elementos finitos para la simulacion y optimizacion de los procesos en la industria automovilistica. La precision de los softwares comerciales de elementos finitos ha sido ampliamente validada industrialmetne. Estos son capaces de predecir con exactitud la formalidad, defectos y secciones criticas incluso para partes complejas. Sin embargo, la prediccion de la recuperacion elastica que se produce tras el conformado (springback) aun es un desafio sin resolver. La inexactitud en la prediccion de springback conlleva la necesidad de un costoso metodo de prueba-error para la puesta a punto de los procesos y de los utillajes. El principal objetivo de esta tesis es la mejora de los algoritmos numericos y de los modelos de material para la prediccion de springback a nivel industrial en el conformado de chapa. De la revision bibliografica se desprende la inportancia del comportamiento elastico en la prediccion del springback. Con la intencion de realizar una caracterizacion exhaustiva se han llevado a cabo ensayos de traccion, ensayos de ciclos de traccion-relajacion y ensayos de tension-compresion. A fin de realizar la influencia de la precision del modelo de comportamiento elastico se propone una extension de la ley elastica clasica. Mediante esta extension el modelo elastico es capaz de representar tanto comportamientos lineales como no-lineales. Haciendo uso de este nuevo modelo, ha sido posible introducir diferentes niveles de precision del comportamiento elastico en las simulaciones de springback. La mejora introducida en la prediccion del springback debida a la precision del modelo elastico, ha sido analizada comparando diferentes modelos numericos con datos experimentales. Cada modelo ha representado el comportamiento elastico con diferentes precisiones haciendo uso de la extension de la ley elastica. Estas predicciones han sido comparadas con los datos experimentales de un ensayo de V-bending realizado en un acero de alta resistencia. De este trabajo se concluye la importancia de una representacion precisa del comportamiento elastico para predicciones de springback.
High‐fiber and high‐protein diets shape different gut microbial communities, which ecologically behave similarly under stress conditions, as shown in a gastrointestinal simulator

The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between the structure of gut microbial communities fed with different diets (i.e. high-protein-HP- versus high-fiber-HF-diet) and their functional stability when challenged with mild and acute doses of a mix of amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline. We made use of the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®)-a continuous model of the gastrointestinal tract-coupled with 16S-targeted Illumina and metabolomics (i.e. UHPLC-HRMS) analyses. Independently of the diet, the sudden exposure to an acute stress led to a modification of the microbial community structure, selecting for species belonging to Bacillus spp. ; Clostridium cluster XIVa; Enterococci; Bacteroides; and Enterobacteriaceae. The antibiotic treatment led to a decrease in the number of operational taxonomic units (at least -10%). Cluster analysis of untargeted metabolic data showed that the antibiotic treatment affected the microbial activity. The impact on metabolites production was lower when the community was preexposed to mild doses of the antibiotic mix. This effect was stronger in the proximal colon for the HF diet and in the distal colon for the HP diet. Different diets shaped different gut microbial communities, which ecologically behaved similarly under stress conditions.
Single‐Dose and Multiple‐Dose Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Telbivudine After Oral Administration in Healthy Chinese Subjects

The pharmacokinetics of telbivudine, an L‐nucleoside with potent activity against hepatitis B virus, was assessed in 42 healthy Chinese volunteers. Subjects were assigned to receive a single oral dose of 200, 400, or 800 mg telbivudine or repeat doses of 600 mg/d. Telbivudine was absorbed rapidly and exhibited dose‐related plasma exposure. After reaching maximum concentration (Cmax) at a median time of 2.0 to 2.5 hours, plasma disposition of the drug was biphasic with a mean terminal half‐life ranging from 39.4 to 49.1 hours. Telbivudine accumulated slightly after repeat doses, and steady state was reached after 5 to 6 consecutive doses of 600 mg/d. The mean steady‐state Cmax and area under the plasma concentration–time curve over the dosing interval of telbivudine 600 mg were 3.7 μg/mL and 26.1 μg·h/mL, respectively. Cumulative urinary excretion of telbivudine over 32 hours represented 24.4% of the administered dose, with a mean renal clearance of 6.6 L/h. Telbivudine was well tolerated in the studied dose range in healthy Chinese subjects, with no pattern of dose‐related clinical or laboratory adverse events.
Pre- and postnatal transfer of vitamins E and C to piglets in sows supplemented with vitamin E and vitamin C

This experiment investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of vitamin E and vitamin C on sow reproductive performance and transfer of vitamin E to piglets via the placenta, colostrum and milk. A total of 58 sows were allocated to the following treatment diets: control, vitamin C 1 g/day, vitamin C 10 g/day, vitamin E 200 mg/kg feed, vitamin E 400 mg/kg fed, and vitamins E and C (vitamin E 200 mg/kg feed+vitamin C 1 g/day). Piglet weight on days 0 and 21, litter size, piglets live on d-0 and d-21 were recorded. Vitamin E and vitamin C were determined in sow serum throughout the experiment (d-0, d-60, d103 and 21 days after farrowing (F+21)), in colostrum, milk and piglet serum (cord blood) and vitamin E in placenta. Vitamin E and vitamin C had no effect (P N0.05) on piglet growth performance and sow reproductive performance. Vitamin E supplementation significantly increased the vitamin E content of sow serum, colostrum, milk and piglet serum at birth; effects of vitamin C supplementation were less consistent. Vitamin E content in piglet serum at birth was significantly correlated r =0.39 (P b0.05) with the vitamin E content of placenta, and also with sow serum vitamin E concentration on day 103, r =0.52 (P b0.01). Placental vitamin E concentrations were low but were increased by dietary vitamin E supplementation. These results provide evidence for only limited placental transfer of vitamin E but in utero concentration of vitamin C on the foetal side of the placenta. For both vitamins the efficiency of placental transfer decreased as maternal serum vitamin concentrations increased. The main supply of these vitamins to the newborn piglet was via the mammary gland rather than the placenta. D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Human perceptual decision making: Disentangling task onset and stimulus onset

The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (ldlPFC) has been highlighted as a key actor in human perceptual decision‐making (PDM): It is theorized to support decision‐formation independently of stimulus type or motor response. PDM studies however generally confound stimulus onset and task onset: when the to‐be‐recognized stimulus is presented, subjects know that a stimulus is shown and can set up processing resources—even when they do not know which stimulus is shown. We hypothesized that the ldlPFC might be involved in task preparation rather than decision‐formation. To test this, we asked participants to report whether sequences of noisy images contained a face or a house within an experimental design that decorrelates stimulus and task onset. Decision‐related processes should yield a sustained response during the task, whereas preparation‐related areas should yield transient responses at its beginning. The results show that the brain activation pattern at task onset is strikingly similar to that observed in previous PDM studies. In particular, they contradict the idea that ldlPFC forms an abstract decision and suggest instead that its activation reflects preparation for the upcoming task. We further investigated the role of the fusiform face areas and parahippocampal place areas which are thought to be face and house detectors, respectively, that feed their signals to higher level decision areas. The response patterns within these areas suggest that this interpretation is unlikely and that the decisions about the presence of a face or a house in a noisy image might instead already be computed within these areas without requiring higher‐order areas. Hum Brain Mapp 35:3170–3187, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantum Hall effect in double-quantum-well systems.

Etude de la nature de l'etat fondamental des electrons dans ces systemes places dans un champ magnetique intense perpendiculaire par des etudes numeriques de taille finie sur des systemes spheriques. On inclut explicitement l'effet tunnel interpuits des electrons. Calcul, en fonction de la separation interpuits, du recouvrement entre l'etat fondamental et la fonction d'onde variationnelle de type Jastrow pour les facteurs de remplissage 1, 2/3, 1/2
Superiority of dielectric properties of LDPE/MgO nanocomposites over microcomposites

Dielectric properties were compared between two kinds of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composites prepared by adding near spherical MgO fillers with different diameters of around several ten nm and several ¿m. In the whole range of temperature from 0°C to 90°C, the conductivity is decreased and the permittivity is increased by the addition of fillers, irrespective of their sizes. However, the decrement in the conductivity is more significant and permittivity increment is suppressed more in the case of the nm fillers. In addition, a drastic increase in dielectric loss factor, observed at low frequencies, is suppressed more significantly by the addition of the nm fillers. While the formation of packet-like charge, observed in LDPE, is suppressed by both fillers, the effect is far more significant in the nanocomposites. This means that the nano-fillers suppress the conductivity enhancement by the voltage application more effectively.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C>T and methionine synthase 2756A>G mutations: no impact on survival, cognitive functioning, or cognitive decline in nonagenarians.

BACKGROUND Several reports have shown an association between homocysteine, cognitive functioning, and survival among the oldest-old. Two common polymorphisms in the genes coding for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR 677C>T) and methionine synthase (MTR 2756A>G) have an impact on plasma homocysteine level. METHODS We examined the effect of the MTHFR 677C>T and MTR 2756A>G genotypes on baseline cognitive functioning, cognitive decline over 5 years measured in three assessments, and survival in a population-based cohort of 1581 nonagenarians. Cognitive functioning was assessed by using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and five brief cognitive tests (cognitive composite). RESULTS There are no differences in MMSE score (p =.83) or in cognitive composite (p =.56) at intake as a function of genotype tested by analysis of variance, whereas sex and social group have a impact on MMSE (p < or =.03), and social group on the cognitive composite (p <.01). The mean MMSE was lower for women than for men. However, considering the group participating in all three assessments, there were no sex-related differences in MMSE (p =.34). The cognitive decline in the group participating in all three assessments was investigated using regression models for the relationship between cognitive performance and genotype, age, sex, and social group and revealed no significant difference. Furthermore, the MTHFR 677T and MTR 2756A heterozygous and homozygous genotype had no significant impact on survival, with hazard ratios of 1.05 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93-1.17), 0.93 (95% CI, 0.77-1.14), 1.05 (95% CI, 0.94-1.18), and 0.97 (95% CI, 0.74-1.28). CONCLUSIONS MTHFR and MTR genotypes are not associated with cognitive functioning, cognitive decline, or survival among nonagenarians.
Intravirion Processing of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vif Protein by the Viral Protease May Be Correlated with Vif Function

ABSTRACT The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif protein is specifically packaged into virus particles through an interaction with viral genomic RNA in which it associates with the viral nucleoprotein complex. We now demonstrate for the first time that virus-associated Vif is subject to proteolytic processing by the viral protease (Pr). Pr-dependent processing of Vif was observed both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo processing of Vif was cell type independent and evident by the appearance of a 7-kDa processing product, which was restricted to cell-free virus preparations. Processing of Vif required an active viral Pr and was sensitive to Pr inhibitors such as ritonavir. The processing site in Vif was characterized both in vivo and in vitro and mapped to Ala150. Interestingly, the Vif processing site is located in a domain that is highly conserved among HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus Vif isolates. Mutations at or near the processing site did not affect protein stability or packaging efficiency but had dramatic effects on Vif processing. In general, mutations that markedly increased or decreased the sensitivity of Vif to proteolytic processing severely impaired or completely abolished Vif function. In contrast, mutations at the same site that had little or no effect on processing efficiency also did not influence Vif function. None of the mutants affected the ability of the virus to replicate in permissive cell lines. Our data suggest that mutations in Vif that cause a profound change in the sensitivity to Pr-dependent processing also severely impaired Vif function, suggesting that intravirion processing of Vif is important for the production of infectious viruses.
High prevalence of and risk factors for hepatitis C in haemodialysis patients in Saudi Arabia: a need for new dialysis strategies.

Non-A, non-B is a major form of hepatitis in haemodialysis (HD) patients. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been recently identified as the leading cause of non-A, non-B hepatitis in HD. A variable prevalence of hepatitis in HD has appeared in the literature, ranging between 1% and 29% in the Western world, and between 30% and 54% in Saudi Arabia, but all these reports used first-generation ELISA. Using second-generation enzyme immunoassay, we conducted a multi-centre study involving 22 HD centres all over Saudi Arabia in order to establish the prevalence and risk factors for HCV in HD patients in Saudi Arabia. A total of 1147 patients were studied, with a mean age of 43.4 +/- 15.3 years. Five hundred and eighty were males and 567 were females. The overall prevalence rate of positive anti-HCV was 68%, with a range from as low as 14.5%, to 94.7%. To our knowledge, this is the highest value reported among dialysis patients world-wide. A positive correlation was found between anti-HCV positivity and male sex (P = 0.005), longer duration on dialysis (P = 0.002) and blood transfusion (P = 0.003). However, interestingly 62.6% of the patients who had not had blood transfusion had anti-HCV antibodies. HCV antibodies were also found more frequently in Egyptians, Pakistanis and Yemenis than in Saudis. A comparison between those centres with low prevalence of positive HCV and those with high prevalence regarding risk factors was carried out, and it was found that the major difference between them was the adherence of the staff to universal infection precautions. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fructose administration stimulates glucose phosphorylation in the livers of anesthetized rats

A method allowing one to measure the rate of glucose phosphorylation in the livers of anesthetized rats is described. Upon injection of [2‐3H]glucose into the portal vein, about 90% of the radioactivity remained in the liver for approximately 30 s. The proportion of radioactivity accounted for by tritiated water increased linearly at a rate of about 5%/min in control animals. Fructose injected into the penile vein stimulated this rate up to 2.2‐ and 2.7‐fold in fed and overnight starved rats respectively, a maximal effect being observed at a dose of 50 mg/kg under both conditions. Fructose was also active when administered by intragastric infusion. The ketose caused increases in the concentration of fructose 1‐phosphate, which reached values known to relieve the inhibition exerted on glucokinase by its regulatory protein. —–Van Schaftingen, E. ; Davies, D. R. Fructose administration stimulates glucose phosphorylation in the livers of anesthetized rats. FASEB J. 5: 326–330; 1991.
Changes in Insecticide Resistance of the Rice Striped Stem Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

ABSTRACT Application of insecticides is the most important method to control Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), and continuous use of individual insecticides has driven the rapid development of insecticide resistance in C. suppressalis during the past 30 yr. Monitoring insecticide resistance provides information essential for integrated pest management. Insecticide resistance of field populations to monosultap, triazophos, chlorpyrifos, and abamectin in China was examined in 2010 and 2011. The results indicated that the resistance levels of 14 field populations to four insecticides were significantly different. Four populations showed moderate resistance, and other populations possessed low-level resistance or were susceptible to monosultap. Nine populations displayed an extremely high or a high level of resistance to triazophos, whereas four populations were sensitive to this agent. Five populations exhibited a low level of resistance to abamectin, while the others remained sensitive. When compared with historical data, resistance to monosultap and triazophos decreased significantly, and the percentage of populations with high-level or extremely high-level resistance was obviously reduced. By contrast, the resistance to abamectin increased slightly. The increasing and decreasing resistance levels reported in this study highlight the different evolutionary patterns of insecticide resistance in C. suppressalis. An overreliance on one or two insecticides may promote rapid development of resistance. Slow development of resistance to abamectin, which was used mainly in mixtures with other insecticides, implies that the use of insecticide mixtures may be an effective method to delay the evolution of resistance to insecticides.
Efficacy Of Various Instrumentation Techniques For Removing Filling Material During Root Canal Retreatment Using Cone Bean Computed Tomography – An In-Vitro Study

Aim: To compare the efficacy of various instrumentation techniques for removing obturating material from root canals using Cone Bean Computed Tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted human premolar teeth, each with a single canal were selected. The root canals were prepared upto F4 ProTaper file and obturated with corresponding gutta percha cone. Teeth were divided into three groups according to the technique used for removing the obturating material: group I – Reciproc R50 instrument; group II – Gates–Glidden burs and hand files up to size 50; group III – Mtwo files upto size 50, 0.04 taper. The amount of remaining filling materials after the retreatment procedures was assessed by CBCT. The data was statistically analysed by One way Anova test. Results: Group I (reciprocating technique with the Reciproc R50 instrument) left less remaining material compared with group II (hand files) and group III (rotary technique with Mtwo R instruments) Conclusion: The reciproc file was most effective in removing the gutta-percha from the root canal.
Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass as a safe method of surgical revascularization. The step towards hybrid procedures

Introduction Coronary artery disease is nowadays responsible for approximately 15% of hospitalizations in Poland. Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) represents an attractive alternative to a sternotomy, and at the same time provides better life quality and facilitates quick rehabilitation. Aim To evaluate whether MIDCAB can be performed with similar early and mid-term results as off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) and therefore can be considered as a safe stage in hybrid revascularization. Material and methods In a retrospective cohort study, we analyzed 73 consecutive patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (left internal mammary artery to left anterior descending artery) between 2013 and 2016 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow. Thirty-eight (52.1%) MIDCAB and 35 (47.9%) OPCAB patients were enrolled. Results Short-term results did not significantly differ between groups and similar 30-day mortality was observed (MIDCAB 2.6% vs. OPCAB 2.9%, p = 1). The median follow-up period was 21 months. There were no statistical differences in terms of overall survival or cardiac mortality between groups (94.7% vs. 88.6%, p = 0.42; 2.6% vs. 2.9%, p = 1, respectively). The rate of hospitalization due to cardiac causes was similar in both groups (7.9% vs. 5.1%, p = 1) and there were no differences in current exacerbation of angina or heart failure, with median NYHA class I and CCS class I in both groups. Conclusions Despite higher technical difficulty, MIDCAB procedures can be performed with similar safety results as OPCAB procedures. No differences in terms of mortality, repeat revascularization or recurrent angina are observed.
Effect of same-sex marriage laws on health care use and expenditures in sexual minority men: a quasi-natural experiment.

OBJECTIVES We sought to determine whether health care use and expenditures among gay and bisexual men were reduced following the enactment of same-sex marriage laws in Massachusetts in 2003. METHODS We used quasi-experimental, prospective data from 1211 sexual minority male patients in a community-based health center in Massachusetts. RESULTS In the 12 months after the legalization of same-sex marriage, sexual minority men had a statistically significant decrease in medical care visits (mean = 5.00 vs mean = 4.67; P = .05; Cohen's d = 0.17), mental health care visits (mean = 24.72 vs mean = 22.20; P = .03; Cohen's d = 0.35), and mental health care costs (mean = $2442.28 vs mean = $2137.38; P = .01; Cohen's d = 0.41), compared with the 12 months before the law change. These effects were not modified by partnership status, indicating that the health effect of same-sex marriage laws was similar for partnered and nonpartnered men. CONCLUSIONS Policies that confer protections to same-sex couples may be effective in reducing health care use and costs among sexual minority men.
Handling technical OOVs in SMT

We present a project on machine translation of software help desk tickets, a highly technical text domain. The main source of translation errors were out-of-vocabulary tokens (OOVs), most of which were either in-domain German compounds or technical token sequences that must be preserved verbatim in the output. We describe our efforts on compound splitting and treatment of non-translatable tokens, which lead to a significant translation quality gain.