Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histopathological Effects of Boron on Mouse Liver

El boro es un elemento metaloide que se encuentra presente en la naturaleza en forma de boratos en rocas sedimentarias, carbon, oceanos y algunos suelos. En nuestro pais se encuentra en altas concentraciones en el agua potable de la XV region, en la ciudad de Arica, superando el limite maximo recomendado por la OMS. Se evaluo el efecto del boro, en una dosis de 12 mg/L de agua (equivalente 0,0686 G de ac. borico) administrado por via oral durante 8, 42 y 49 dias a 3 grupos experimentales (10 animales cada uno). Cortes de higado se tinieron con Hematoxilina-eosina (celulas binucleadas), PAS hematoxilina (glicogeno hepatico), Mallory y Rojo Picrosirius (fibras de colageno). El boro produce diversos efectos en el higado. Para el estudio de celulas binucleadas se utilizo el test no parametrico de Mann-Whitney. El grupo C1 tuvo 22,9 celulas binucleadas cada 200 hepatocitos, en cambio E1 mostro 28,5 (p> 0,05) el analisis no arrojo una diferencia estadisticamente significativa entre ambos grupos. Grupo C2-3 mostro 43,9 celulas binucleadas cada 200 hepatocitos, por su parte E2-3 76 (p menor a 0,01) en este caso si existe diferencia significa entre ambos grupos. La tincion de PAS fue clasificada como leve, moderada e intensa y su analisis realizado mediante Chi- Cuadrado. Todos los grupos controles y experimentales arrojaron diferencias significativas (p<0,01). La tincion de Mallory fue examinada en: triadas portales (TrP) y venas centrales (VC). En ambas hubo incremento significativo. La tincion con Rojo Picrosirius analizada por microscopia de polarizacion, demostro que el colageno III predomina en los animales tratados con boro, indicando colagenolisis de colageno I como efecto toxico del boro. En conclusion, el boro altera la distribucion del glicogeno, la calidad del colageno y el deposito de ambos en las dos areas examinadas, en tanto que la cantidad de celulas binucleadas se comportan de forma distinta en los animal
Clinical manifestations and abnormal laboratory findings in pregnant women with primary cytomegalovirus infection

apply. Despite this, both babies were delivered by an experienced operator at the end of their training and each case was delivered by a different operator. As far as the X-ray appearance of the skull bones is concerned, this is not an abnormal amount of moulding to occur following delivery, and certainly, the ease of which delivery was affected would not suggest that there was not a major degree of cephalo-pelvic disproportion. The comments about the alteration in the occipito-frontal diameter does not apply directly to the technique used. It is the mechanism by which haemorrhage is most likely to be affected by the use of the ventouse. Certainly, if the ventouse is placed over the correct position at the vertex, traction tangentially will stretch the occipito-frontal diameter and stretch the tentorium leading to rupture of the vessels described. Finally, the conclusion at the end of the case reports is based on the current literature. The vacuum extractor leads to less maternal morbidity and certainly much less sphincter damage and there is no evidence to date to suggest that the forceps are safer in terms of the fetal outcome. My own view is that an obstetrician should be trained in the use of the ventouse and traction/rotational forceps, and should be able to use the instrument which is most appropriate to the circumstances with which they are faced. This may result in a reduction in the number of failed instrumental deliveries in Maternity Units throughout the UK.
On the Complexity of ATL and ATL* Module Checking

Module checking has been introduced in late 1990s to verify open systems, i.e., systems whose behavior depends on the continuous interaction with the environment. Classically, module checking has been investigated with respect to specifications given as CTL and CTL* formulas. Recently, it has been shown that CTL (resp., CTL*) module checking offers a distinctly different perspective from the better-known problem of ATL (resp., ATL*) model checking. In particular, ATL (resp., ATL*) module checking strictly enhances the expressiveness of both CTL (resp., CTL*) module checking and ATL (resp. ATL*) model checking. In this paper, we provide asymptotically optimal bounds on the computational cost of module checking against ATL and ATL*, whose upper bounds are based on an automata-theoretic approach. We show that module-checking for ATL is EXPTIME-complete, which is the same complexity of module checking against CTL. On the other hand, ATL* module checking turns out to be 3EXPTIME-complete, hence exponentially harder than CTL* module checking.
Topological aspects of q-regular measures

Let L(E,F) be the set of bounded linear operators from the Banach space E to the Banach space F. If m is a measure defined on a ring C of subsets of T with values in L(E,F), for each y* in the dual F*, one defines a measure m . from C into E*. Also for each y* A in C one may define a semi-norm p _ on F* in J m,, A terms of the q-variation of m ^. Topologies are defined on the unit sphere a* of F* utilizing these semi-norms* We then investigate the relationships of these topologies to the properties of the measures. We consider when the topologies are Hausdorff and when they are compact. The results improve those of P. Lewis where the assumption that a* be compact was essential. Our essential feature is that the q-variation is countably subadditive and the q-semi variation is finite. If a* is compact we determine when the q-semi variation is right continuous. If a* is not compact, conditions recently introduced by Orlicz are utilized. We then consider operators on £^ (jx) (1 <C p <£ OD ) using the above topologies. If U is a continuous operator from £p(ju) into F and if U is absolutely continuous with respect to /Lt then U is compact if and only if the associated topology makes a* compact. The q-semivariation is right continuous if and only if there exists some sequence of open Baire sets converging to 0 and the integral satisfies a continuity condition on the unit ball of £ (fi) (+ — = 1, p ^ OD ) . Additional results for continuous and compact operators U which are absolutely continuous with respect to JLI are obtained. Pertinent to these results are the recent works of N. Dinculeanu and P. Lewis,, W. Orlicz and M. M. Rao. TOPOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF q REGULAR MEASURES by Richard A. Alo, Andre de Korvin and Laurence E. Kunes
Analysis, simulation and experimental study of chaos in the buck converter

A buck DC-DC power converter, whose input voltage is controlled by naturally sampled, constant-frequency PWM (pulse width modulation), is operated in the continuous conduction mode. Two versions are treated, a first-order and second-order circuit. Their behavior is modeled analytically and numerically. For certain values of the circuit parameters instability occurs. Strange phenomena of multiple pulsing, shipped cycles, subharmonics, and chaos are predicted theoretically and observed experimentally, including a period-doubling route to chaos. There is good agreement between theory and experiment. <<ETX>>
The role of STI-related attitudes on screening attendance in young adults

Abstract This study assessed whether attitudes towards STI screening, visiting a clinic and having an STI (STI stigma) predict STI screening attendance in young adults. Participants (N = 217) rated each of these attitudes and completed measures assessing their STI knowledge, past sexual behaviour and sexual health. STI stigma and having favourable attitudes towards STI screening positively predicted screening attendance. People were less likely to attend if they had a negative attitude towards visiting sexual health clinics. Researchers should assess attitudes towards the attitude object (screening), condition (STI stigma) and process (visiting a clinic) to understand the different ways that attitudes predict behaviour.
Cytomegalovirus infection following unrelated cord blood transplantation for adult patients: a single institute experience in Japan

Summary. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in 28 adult patients after cord blood transplantation (CBT) from unrelated donors was compared with that after bone marrow transplantation from HLA (human leucocyte antigen)‐matched related (R‐BMT) and unrelated (U‐BMT) donors. Positive CMV antigenaemia was seen in 19 (79%) of 24 CMV‐seropositive patients at a median of 42 d (range 29–85 d) after CBT, but in zero of four CMV‐seronegative patients. This did not differ significantly from values observed after R‐BMT and U‐BMT (66%, P = 0·22, and 60%, P = 0·15 respectively). Based on the antigenaemia results, 16 patients (67%) received pre‐emptive ganciclovir therapy from a median of 47 d (range 36–67 d) after CBT. This proportion was higher than that observed after R‐BMT (28%, P = 0·0048), but did not differ from that after U‐BMT (50%, P = 0·21). In addition, the probability of requiring more than two courses of ganciclovir therapy after CBT (21%) was higher than after R‐BMT and U‐BMT (0%, P = 0·015 and 0·039 respectively). One patient (5%) developed CMV disease after U‐BMT, whereas no patients developed CMV disease after CBT or R‐BMT. The CMV serostatus, use of a steroid and HLA disparity affected the probability of requiring ganciclovir therapy after CBT (P = 0·024, 0·032 and 0·017 respectively). These results suggest that recovery of CMV‐specific immunity after CBT is delayed when compared with BMT.
Rheumatoid arthritis-related lung diseases: CT findings.

PURPOSE To evaluate computed tomographic (CT) findings of rheumatoid arthritis-related lung disease and categorize findings according to pathologic features. MATERIALS AND METHODS CT scans obtained in 63 patients (27 men, 36 women; mean age, 61.7 years +/- 11.2 [SD]; range, 28-81 years) with rheumatoid arthritis were assessed. Mean duration of disease was 7.6 years +/- 9.2. Lung parenchymal abnormalities that included airspace consolidation, ground-glass opacity (GGO), reticulation, honeycombing, nodules, bronchiectasis, and air trapping were assessed retrospectively by two chest radiologists. Final decision was reached with consensus of these radiologists and a third radiologist. Patients were classified according to the predominant CT pattern. One of the chest radiologists and a pulmonary pathologist compared CT findings with pathologic findings in 17 patients. Interobserver agreement between the first two radiologists was assessed. Correlation between CT finding extent score and pulmonary function test results was estimated with Spearman rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS GGO (57 [90%] patients) and reticulation (62 [98%] patients) were the most common CT features. Four major CT patterns were identified: usual interstitial pneumonia (n = 26), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (n = 19), bronchiolitis (n = 11), and organizing pneumonia (n = 5). Usual interstitial pneumonia and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia CT patterns overlapped; GGO was more extensive in patients with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia CT pattern (P =.028). In 17 patients who underwent biopsy, CT findings reflected pathologic findings. Exceptions were two patients classified with usual interstitial pneumonia at CT but with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia at pathologic analysis; one patient, with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia at CT but desquamative interstitial pneumonia at pathologic analysis; and one patient, with lymphoid interstitial pneumonia at CT but nonspecific interstitial pneumonia at pathologic analysis. CONCLUSION Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with four CT patterns: usual interstitial pneumonia, nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and organizing pneumonia. The most common CT features of rheumatoid arthritis-related lung disease were GGO and reticulation.
Molecular pathology of invasive lobular breast carcinoma.

Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most common type of breast cancer, accounting for 10%15% of breast cancer cases. As any cancer breast cancer is to be considered a multifactorial genetic disease. Whereas confounding environmental factors are involved in disease initiation, genetic risk factors also confer the possibility for its outbreak. However, within the cancer tissue, changes in different genes will mediate their transformation into cancer cells and result in different types of tumors. This is exemplified by infiltrating lobular carcinoma which is thought to arise from the same cell type as infiltrating ductal carcinoma while exhibiting distinct changes in the genome thought to result in a different phenotype of tumor cells [54]. Most studies on molecular alterations and novel breast cancer biomarkers focus on either invasive ductal carcinoma, which is the most common subtype, or analyse a non-stratified cohort of invasive breast carcinomas assuming similar biological behaviour despite the histological subtypes. However in newer studies unique different prognostic features for ILC could be shown [36, 38]. The aim and scope of this review are to provide an overview of the molecular pathology of invasive lobular carcinoma, including its molecular evolution and precursor lesions, epigenetic alterations, microRNAs, and experimental research models.
Viral Protein Nano-Actuators: Computational Studies of Bio-Nanomachines

Nanodevice A Device with size dimensions of the order of the nanometer (10 9 m) Actuator A device used to generate motion by converting some form of energy (such as chemical or light energy) into mechanical energy. ATP Adenosine Triphosphatemolecule used by living organisms to store and transport energy. End-effector The last link in a robotic assembly that performs the desired tasks by the robot by interacting with or acting upon the elements outside the robot. Retrovirus A type of virus that has a protein envelope around it, stores its genetic information in an RNA molecule instead of double stranded DNA and transcripts its genome into DNA which integrates into the chromosome of the infected cell thereby replicating the virus when the cell replicates. Glycoprotein A protein molecule which has a carbohydrate attached to it. Membrane fusion A process when viral and hose cellular membranes fuse together during infection. Hemagglutinin A type of protein on the surface of the influenza virus. Fusogenic The unit that facilitates or takes part in membrane fusion. Disulfide bond A sulfur–sulfur atomic bond which typically joins two biological segments such as protein chains. Proteolytic cleavage A process of breaking the peptide bond between amino acids in a protein chain. Endosome Intracellular vesicle formed by the outer cell membrane used to transportmaterial inside the animal cell. Endocytosis The process of encapsulation of an external element by the cell membrane and subsequent formation of an endosome for transport within the cell. Nucleocapsid The genome of a virus enclosed in a protein coat. -Helix A secondary structure of protein molecules characterized by a helical shape and a specific pitch and stabilized by hydrogen bonds along the length of the helix. ˇ-Sheet A secondary structure of protein molecules where two or more chains are interconnected by hydrogen bonds forming a sheet-like structure. Titin A big filamentous protein used by muscles. Holonomic constraint A constraint that puts a restriction on the motion of a system by the use of integrable system of differential equations. Chymotrypsin An enzyme in the pancreas which is involved in the catalysis of hydrolysis of proteins in the small intestine. PDB The protein data bankwhich contains structural and other information about a large number of protein molecules. http://www.rcsb. org/pdb/home/home.do Implicit solvation A technique used in molecular simulation which allows for a potential function to be used in place of explicit solvent molecules surrounding the molecule of interest. Protonation The process of accepting a positively charged hydrogen ion or a proton by an amino acid. Helicity The measure of the helical content of a given peptide molecule. Denaturation Process of loss of secondary structure of a peptide molecule, which can happen for example due to heating beyond a certain level.
Reattachment of Tooth Fragment: An in vitro Study

Canine tooth fracture is common in dogs. Application of an esthetic and durable restoration may be challenging in veterinary dental practice. This study used traditional human dental laboratory methods to evaluate fracture strength of intact dog canine teeth and fractured teeth that had been restored by reattachment of the tooth fragment. The results showed that the teeth restored by reattachment of the tooth fragment supported a test load equal to 45.4 % of the load necessary to fracture intact canine teeth.
Auditory Localization Behaviour in Visually Deprived Cats

The ability to localize sounds in azimuth was tested in five cats that had been binocularly deprived of vision from birth for several months and in three normal age‐matched controls. Brief tone bursts were presented in an eight‐choice apparatus along 360° of the azimuthal plane at constant elevation. Using positive reinforcement techniques, the cats were trained to walk from the centre of the 3 m diameter circular enclosure to the hidden loudspeakers. The distribution of sound localization error from 55 trials per cat at each speaker position was measured, and its standard deviation was used to assess the precision of sound localization. All cats localized tones straight ahead of them most precisely; performance at lateral and rear positions was gradually less precise. When the sound localization ability of normal and binocularly deprived cats was compared across speakers, a significantly enhanced precision was found for binocularly deprived cats overall (P < 0.002; two‐way analysis of variance). An improvement was found at each individual speaker position, but it was greatest at lateral and rear positions. In two sets of control experiments normal cats were retested (i) in the dark with the aid of an infrared camera and (ii) after 3 months of binocular lid suture. Normal cats in the dark did not show any differences in their sound localization behaviour. Late‐deprived cats showed a tendency for better performance, which fell short of statistical significance. Our results in visually deprived cats agree well with some reports on the sound localization ability of blind humans, but disagree with others. Our data provide support for a hypothesis of compensatory plasticity, in which sensory functions get sharpened with the loss of another modality. They seem to rule out the necessity for vision to play a role in the postnatal calibration of auditory space.
Better residential than ethnic discrimination! Reconciling audit and interview findings in the Parisian housing market

This article investigates discrimination and the interplay of residential and ethnic stigma on the French housing market using two different methods: paired-testing audit study of real-estate agencies and face-to-face interviews with real-estate agents. Findings lead to a paradox: interviews reveal high levels of ethnic discrimination but little to no residential discrimination, while the audit study shows that living in deprived suburbs is associated with a lower probability of obtaining an appointment for a housing vacancy but ethnic origin (signalled by the candidate’s name) has no significant discriminatory effect. We have three priors potentially consistent with this apparent paradox and re-evaluate their likelihood in light of these findings: (1) agents make use of any statistical information about insolvency, including residency; (2) there are two distinct and independent taste discriminations, one about space and one about ethnicity; (3) these two dimensions exist and complement each other.
Human V4 and ventral occipital retinotopic maps

Abstract The ventral surface of the human occipital lobe contains multiple retinotopic maps. The most posterior of these maps is considered a potential homolog of macaque V4, and referred to as human V4 (“hV4”). The location of the hV4 map, its retinotopic organization, its role in visual encoding, and the cortical areas it borders have been the subject of considerable investigation and debate over the last 25 years. We review the history of this map and adjacent maps in ventral occipital cortex, and consider the different hypotheses for how these ventral occipital maps are organized. Advances in neuroimaging, computational modeling, and characterization of the nearby anatomical landmarks and functional brain areas have improved our understanding of where human V4 is and what kind of visual representations it contains.
Responses of hair cells to statocyst rotation

A new technique is described for stimulating hair cells of the Hermissenda statocyst. The preparation and recording apparatus can be rotated at up to 78 rpm while recording intracellular potentials. Hair cells in front of the centrifugal force vector depolarize in response to rotation. Hair cells in back of the centrifugal force vector hypoerpolarize in response to rotation. Mechanisms by which the hair cell generator potential might arise are examined.
Anywhere, anytime, with any device: scenario-based mobile learning in biomedical sciences

This paper reports on The Virtual Human Body (VHB), the latest project of a long running mlearning undertaking at The University of Queensland, Australia, in the use of scenario-based mobile learning in biomedical sciences. Improved learning outcomes coupled with enjoyable learning experiences suggests that the VHB is learning effective while offering active ‘anywhere, anytime, with any device’ learning opportunities. The project’s web-based design system allows the leverage of diverse, student-owned technology for academic benefit, permitting easy adaptation to new technologies, while literally providing a template for curriculum innovation, in terms of both flexibility of delivery, and dissemination to other curricula.
Personality, work, and satisfaction: evidence from the German Socio-Economic Panel

Previous studies in positive psychology have indicated that work satisfaction is an important determinant of individual well-being. Research has suggested that people are most satisfied with their work when they are doing what they are drawn to naturally. We provide further evidence on this issue from a large representative data set, the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). The 2005 wave of the SOEP contains a battery of personality questions as well as detailed information on personal life and work life. We extract the Big Five personality factors and one character strength: vitality. The main results are based on regression analysis. The analysis supports the hypothesis that certain personality clusters are more predominant in some occupations than in others. Furthermore, an alignment between personal profile and occupational profile tends to be related positively to satisfaction. These results indicate that ignoring mental aspects of work has its price in terms of well-being. They also highlight the importance of studying the way we structure work and harness personality and individual strengths within positive psychology. To find out what one is fitted to do and to secure an opportunity to do it is the key to happiness. John Dewey The fixed person for the fixed duties who in older societies was such a godsend, in the future will be a public danger. Alfred North Whitehead