Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evening typology and morning tiredness associates with low leisure time physical activity and high sitting

Circadian typology is a latent trait that is usually assessed with scoring on a series of questions thought to represent the construct. But, in the classification, most people fall into the intermediate type, i.e. neither a definite morning nor an evening type, but still showing stronger preference towards either end of the continuum. Our aim was to operationalize chronotype using latent class analysis (LCA) for a 6-item scale derived from the original Horne–Östberg Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire to compare and understand characteristics of chronotype in a population-based sample of adults in Finland. A total of 4904 men and women aged 25–74 years were included. We also analyzed the associations of chronotypes with physical activity (PA) and sitting. We found five latent chronotype groups including “rested more-evening type” (28%), “rested more-morning type” (24%), “morning type” (23%), “tired more-evening type” (17%) and “evening type” (8%) groups. Operationalization of chronotype by LCA suggests that morning alertness is an important feature differentiating chronotypes. Further, the “evening type” and the “tired, more-evening type” had higher odds for none to very low as well as low PA, as compared to “morning type”. In addition, “evening type” was associated with higher odds for more time spent sitting, as compared to “morning type”. Our findings indicate that it is important to assess sleep schedules and morning tiredness, which then could be targeted as a potential mediating factor for health behaviors, in particular, PA and health status.
Atropine, fentanyl and succinylcholine for non-urgent intubations in newborns

Objective: Describe intubation conditions and adverse events when using atropine fentanyl +/− succinylcholine as premedication. Design: Prospective observational study, as part of a quality improvement initiative. Setting: Two level 3 neonatal intensive care units in Ottawa, Canada Patients: 60 infants, median 27 weeks gestation, 1023 g at birth were included. Interventions: Infants received atropine, fentanyl +/− succinylcholine prior to the intubation. Succinylcholine was given for all infants ⩾34 weeks and at the discretion of the physician for those <34 weeks. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the number of attempts. Secondary outcomes were number of attempts and intubation conditions in infants who received and those who did not receive succinylcholine and safety. Results: The median number of attempts was 2. 91.7% had excellent or good conditions. The median number of attempts for infants who received succinylcholine was lower (1 vs 2) than those who did not. No serious adverse events were noted. 2 cases of difficult bag and mask ventilation after administration of fentanyl were noted. Conclusion: Atropine, fentanyl and succinylcholine before non-urgent intubations in newborns has led to a low number of attempts and good intubation conditions with no adverse events.
Diabetes and Parkinsonian Signs in Older Persons

We examined the relation of type 2 diabetes mellitus to parkinsonian signs in older persons. Participants were 1030 women and men (mean age 80.3 y, education 14.5 y, Mini-Mental State Examination 27.9) without dementia or Parkinson disease, enrolled in the Rush Memory and Aging Project, an epidemiologic study of aging. We used separate linear and logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, and education, to examine the relation of diabetes, identified by history and medication inspection, to each of the scores of global parkinsonian signs and 4 separate parkinsonian signs. Diabetes was present in 140 (14%) participants. Most participants had mild parkinsonian signs. Diabetes was associated with a more severe global parkinsonian signs score (&OV0404;=0.20, SE=0.10, P=0.05) and postural reflex impairment-gait disturbance (&OV0404;=0.40, SE=0.17, P=0.02), but not with bradykinesia, rigidity, or tremor. Associations were no longer significant after controlling for vascular risk factors or conditions, particularly body mass index and congestive heart failure. Overall, there was no evidence that vascular variables modified the relation of diabetes to parkinsonian signs. In summary, we found that diabetes was associated with parkinsonian signs, especially postural reflex impairment-gait disturbance, and that vascular factors may play a role in this association.
Finnish and Iranian teachers’ views on their competence to teach purpose

Abstract This paper examines Finnish (n = 464) and Iranian (n = 556) teachers’ views on their competence to teach purpose. ‘Purpose’ is defined as a stable intention to accomplish something that is both meaningful to the self and of consequence beyond the self over time. The study revealed that all Iranian teachers evaluated their competence for teaching purpose as being high, regardless of the subject taught. In contrast, among Finnish teachers, there were statistically significant relationships between the subject taught and teachers’ self-perceptions: religious education seemed to provide a subject in which Finnish teachers can guide students to consider explicitly their purpose in life and plans for the future, while science and mathematics appeared to offer the most challenging contexts for teaching purpose. Hence, the results challenge Finnish in-service and pre-service teacher education programmes to create new approaches and new cultures for mathematics and science education, which intentionally take into account the moral aspects of teaching. Moreover, regression analysis revealed that teachers’ ethical sensitivity predicted their views on teaching purpose in both countries. Results indicate that improving teachers’ ethical sensitivity skills in teacher education programmes could provide a significant path for supporting teachers’ competence in teaching purpose.
Courbes passant par m points généraux de P

On etudie le probleme suivant : etant donnes m points generaux de P3, trouver une courbe lisse et connexe passant par ces points et de degre le plus petit possible. Le probleme se ramene essentiellement a l'etude du fibre normal des courbes de P3, en particulier a une propriete voisine de la stabilite : la hO-stabilite. On donne un critere pour obtenir cette condition et des applications utilisant les methodes de liaison. Les resultats obtenus sont, le plus souvent, regroupes sous forme de tableaux.
Dynamic Effectiveness

Abstract Based on different observations, in theory as well as in practice, we have identified strategies and operations following two different tracks, striving in different directions, despite it being well known they should go hand in hand. For companies challenged by a more and more dynamic business environment with heavier market segmentation, additional marketing channels, increasing globalisation on supplier and customer side, and high pressure on profit margins, the result from this is competitive weakness. The purpose of this article is to switch focus from operational effectiveness and strategic positioning as static success concepts on how to improve industrial distribution, to dynamic challenges of how to continuously manage the interaction between marketing strategies and operations (e.g., logistics) under the influence of a dynamic business environment. From theories in market strategies, logistics, flexibility, and marketing channels together with empirical experience from a best practice case study, we are introducing a model for dynamic effectiveness, describing the different characteristics of a company and what to focus on in order to become more dynamic. In order to constantly move to new market positions, and at the same time, restructure logistics and improve operational effectiveness, we have identified the dynamic capabilities of an organisation to be the key to success in industrial distribution. We define dynamic effectiveness as “how fast-and-well a company can go from one strategic positioning and productivity frontier to another. ” It tells that a frequent interaction between new strategic moves and actions for higher operational effectiveness is required to be in pace with the dynamic and changing business environment and to stay ahead of competition. As a part of this, best practice logistics performance makes it possible not only to be more agile to new strategic moves, but also to drive strategic development from a high operational level. This is achieved by designing logistics to be a resource base to support and be an enabler for new strategic moves on the market.
Infection, nutrition and cognitive performance in children

SUMMARY The paper considers briefly the nature of cognition and its relationship to intelligence. The information processing model of human cognition is outlined and IQ and DQ are explained. The literature dealing with the effects of malnutrition and parasitic infection on cognitive performance and development in children is selectively reviewed. A speculative hypothesis concerning the psychological effects of parasitic infection is sketched and brief consideration is given to models and measures in research on development.
A Homogeneous Domination Approach to State Feedback of Stochastic High-Order Nonlinear Systems With Time-Varying Delay

The homogeneous domination approach is introduced to solve the state feedback stabilization problem for stochastic high-order nonlinear systems with time-varying delay. Under the weaker conditions on the drift and diffusion terms, by using the homogeneous domination approach and solving several troublesome obstacles in the design and analysis procedure, a state feedback controller is constructed to render the closed-loop system globally asymptotically stable in probability.
Model-based detection of actuator faults in the presence of modelling errors

The problem of detecting actuator faults in the presence of modelling errors is addressed. A likelihood-ratio test is derived such that the effects of undermodelling are properly taken into account via a stochastic embedding technique. The resulting test takes form of the quadratic sum of prediction errors which has to be compared with a particular threshold value. Systematic choice of the threshold amounts to a demanding problem of approximating the distribution of the test statistics with normal distribution. The effectiveness of the test is demonstrated on a simulated motor-generator system.
Midazolam reduces the dose of propofol required for induction of anaesthesia and laryngeal mask airway insertion

Background and objective Insertion of the laryngeal mask airway in the anaesthetized patient can sometimes be difficult and propofol has been advocated as the anaesthetic induction agent of choice because of its depressant effect on laryngeal reflexes compared with other intravenous anaesthetics. However, when used as the sole induction agent, relatively large doses of propofol are required to achieve successful laryngeal mask insertion. This has cost implications and may produce unwanted cardiorespiratory depression. Methods One hundred and forty-two patients were randomized to receive either: fentanyl 1 µg kg−1 and lidocaine 1.5 mg kg−1 (group 1), or fentanyl 1 µg kg−1 and midazolam 0.04 mg kg−1 (group 2), or fentanyl 1 µg kg−1, midazolam 0.04 mg kg−1 and lidocaine 1.5 mg kg−1 (group 3) or fentanyl 1 µg kg−1 (group 4) 2 min before induction of anaesthesia. Anaesthesia was established with propofol infused at 33.3 mg min−1. Results Patients who were given midazolam required significantly less propofol to achieve satisfactory laryngeal mask insertion, median propofol doses: group 1, 1.63 mg kg−1; group 2, 1.16 mg kg−1; group 3, 1.01 mg kg−1; group 4, 1.9 mg kg−1, P < 0.0001 (analysis of variance). Patients given midazolam reported less pain on injection with propofol 13% and 3% groups (2 and 3) compared with 37.5% and 77% (groups 1 and 4) P = 0.002 (&khgr;2). Conclusions Midazolam reduces the dose of propofol required for induction of anaesthesia and successful insertion of the laryngeal mask airway. There was no clinical benefit to be gained from the addition of lidocaine.
c-myc, c-erbB-2, c-fms and bcl-2 oncoproteins. Expression in normal placenta, partial and complete mole, and choriocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVE To determine the expression of bcl-2, c-myc, c-fms and c-erbB-2 oncoproteins in normal placentas, partial and complete hydatidiform moles, and choriocarcinomas and to examine the possible presence of mutations in the K-ras gene in complete moles and choriocarcinomas. STUDY DESIGN The expression of the above oncoproteins was determined immunohistochemically by specific antibodies for these proteins on formalin-fixed paraffin sections of 18 normal placentas, 17 partial moles, 25 complete moles and 11 choriocarcinomas. This was followed by polymerase chain reaction analysis (exons 12 and 13) of K-ras gene for possible mutations in complete moles and choriocarcinomas. RESULTS Expression of c-fms oncoprotein appeared confined to the cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblastic cells. The c-fms protein staining intensity of the syncytiotrophoblastic layer showed no significant difference among the four gestational tissues. c-erbB-2 antibody expression was confined to the cellular membrane of the extravillous trophoblast. When compared with normal placenta or partial mole, the expression of c-erbB-2 protein was significantly stronger in complete mole (P < .0001 and P < .0001, respectively) and choriocarcinoma (P < .0001 and P < .0001, respectively). Expression of bcl-2 protein was significantly stronger in the syncytiotrophoblast in complete mole and choriocarcinoma as compared to both normal placenta and partial mole (P < .0001 and P < .0001, respectively). Staining of c-myc of the syncytiotrophoblastic layer was significantly stronger in placenta, complete mole and choriocarcinoma than in partial mole (P < .0001, P < .0001 and P < .0001, respectively). Mutation in K-ras gene was not found in any of the 22 complete moles or 11 choriocarcinomas examined. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that c-myc, c-erbB-2, c-fms and bcl-2 oncoproteins may be important in the pathogenesis of complete mole and choriocarcinoma. However, while both complete mole and choriocarcinoma were characterized by overexpression of c-myc, c-erbB-2 and bcl-2, partial mole generally did not strongly express these three oncoproteins.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen‐pulsed monocyte‐derived dendritic cells from HBV‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma patients significantly enhance specific T cell responses in vitro

To investigate whether hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen‐pulsed monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (MoDC) could mount a T cell response in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients associated with chronic HBV infection, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 36 HBV‐associated HCC patients were induced into MoDC and pulsed with hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), alone and in combination. Co‐stimulatory molecules CD80, CD86 and CD40, as well as human leucocyte antigens D‐related (HLA‐DR) were found to express at the highest level on MoDC pulsed with HBcAg or HBsAg + HBcAg, at a median level on MoDC pulsed with HBcAg or HBsAg alone, and at the lowest level on non‐antigen‐pulsed MoDC. Interleukin (IL)‐10 and IL‐12 cytokines were released by antigen‐pulsed MoDC at increased levels in the order: no‐antigen < HBsAg < HBcAg < HBcAg + HBsAg. MoDC pulsed with HBcAg or HBsAg + HBcAg also had the strongest ability to stimulate autologous T cell proliferation and intracellular interferon (IFN)‐γ production. HBcAg‐ or HBsAg + HBcAg‐pulsed MoDC could also induce HBV core peptide‐specific CD8+ T cell proliferation determined by tetramer staining. In addition, the antigen‐pulsed MoDC were found to have a stronger capacity to produce IL‐12 and induce T cell response in vitro for patients with higher alanine transaminase (ALT) levels than those with lower ALT levels, indicating that antigen pulse could substantially reverse the impaired function of MoDC in primary HCC patients with active chronic hepatitis B. In conclusion, HBV antigen‐pulsed MoDC from HCC patients with chronic hepatitis B could induce HBV‐specific T cell response in vitro.
The Efficacy Of Calcitonin Treatment In Patients With Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Loınber Spinal Stenozlu Hastalarda Kalsitonin Tedavisinin Etkinliği Amaç: Bu çalışmada, lomber kanal stenozu olan hastalarda kalsitaninin klinik semptom ve bulgulara etkisi araştırıldı. Materyal ve Metod: Çalışmamıza nörojenik intermittan klodikasyo şi­ kayeti ön planda olan lomber spinal stenozlu 26 hasta alındı. Bütün hastalardan L3-SI kesitlerinden çekilen lomber kolon bilgisayarlı tomografi ile santral kanal çapı ve lateral reses çapı ölçümü yapıldı. Hastalara 6 ay boyunca nasal salmon kalsitonin 200 İÜ! gün verildi. Hareketle olan ağrı, lomber ekstansiyon açısı, yürüme mesafesi, nörolojik defisit açısından hastalar takip edildi. SoiiUf: Kalsitonin tedavisi ile;nörojenik klodikasyo mesafesinde artış,hareketle oluşan ağrının şiddetinde azalma,duyu kusurunda düzelme ve lomber ekstansiyon derecesinde artış saptandı. Bu bulgular istatistiksel olarak anlamlı idi. Derin tendon reflekslerinde ve motor kayıpta düze/me saptanmış olup, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi. Lomber s pina/ stenozda kalsitonin kullanımı tedavi seçeneği olarak düşünülmelidir. Anahtar Kelimeler: KalsitJ:min, Lumbar Spinat Stenoz, Nörojenik Kladikasyo
Escherichia coli in fecal flora of healthy adults: serotypes, P and type 1C fimbriae, non-P mannose-resistant adhesins, and hemolytic activity.

Escherichia coli strains from feces of 287 healthy adults were analyzed for O:K serotypes, P and type 1C fimbriae, non-P mannose-resistant adhesins, and hemolysin production. O1, O2, O6, O7, O18, O25, and rough-type lipopolysaccharide accounted for 40% of all isolates. K antigen was present in 62%; K1 was identified in 30% and K5 in 10%. O1, O2, O18, rough lipopolysaccharide, and P fimbriation were significantly associated with K1 and O6, O25, and type 1C fimbriation with K5. The overall prevalence of virulence-associated determinants was 22%; 7% of the strains possessed two or three of them. These determinants were most often associated with 9 serotypes (O1:K1, O2:K1, O6:K1, O6:K5, O7:K1, O16:K1, O22:K-, O25:K5, and R:K1) among which their prevalence was 43%, three times greater than among the remaining strains (P < .001). No enteropathogenic or enterohemorrhagic E. coli-associated serotypes were detected.
Natural History of Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome: Experience With 15 Cases

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a well-known chromosomal disorder attributable to partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4 (4p-). Although about 120 cases have been reported so far, there is still very little data on its natural history. Information given to parents at the time of diagnosis tends to be skewed to the extreme negative. To help delineate more thoroughly the natural history of WHS, and to obtain better information to answer parents' questions in a clinical setting, we evaluated 15 patients (12 females, 3 males) in three centers with the 4p- syndrome. Four of the cases had a follow-up spanning 16 years. Thirteen cases were detected by standard cytogenetics (regular G-banding 10, high-resolution banding 3), while the remaining 2 required fluorescence in situ hybridization. A total of 5/15 (33.3%) had heart lesions; 7/15 (46.6%) had oral facial clefts; 13/15 (86.6%) had a seizure disorder, that tended to disappear with age; and 100% had severe/profound developmental retardation. One Italian patient had sensorineural deafness and 1 Utah patient had a right split hand defect. Of note, 2 Utah patients were able to walk with support (at 4 and 12 years of age, respectively), whereas 3 Italian patients and 1 Utah patient were able to walk unassisted (at 4, 5, 5 years 9 months, and 7 years of age, respectively). Two of the 3 Italian patients also achieved sphincter control (by day). The 8 patients receiving serial electroencephalogram studies showed fairly distinctive abnormalities, usually outlasting seizures. A slow, but constant progress in development was observed in all cases, during the follow-up period. In conclusion, the combined cases of the three centers represent considerable experience, providing new information on several aspects of this important deletion syndrome.Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome; del(4p) syndrome; natural history.
B-cell lymphoproliferation and lymphomagenesis are associated with clonotypic intracellular terminal regions of the Epstein-Barr virus

We analyzed 17 B-cell lineages cloned from two patients with infectious mononucleosis and found that different B-cell lineages exhibited notable variation in the length of the fused Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) terminal region on intracellular EBV episomes. EBV termini in different B-cell clones from the same person differed by as many as 15 to 20 reiterations of the ca. 500-base-pair terminal repeat sequence. In contrast, analysis of seven B-cell lineages cloned from a patient with a fatal, oligoclonal lymphoma revealed that three of the cell clones had the same-sized EBV terminal region. These three clones had previously been shown, by immunoglobulin gene analysis, to be metastatic daughter cells descended from a common progenitor. Similarity of the EBV terminal regions in the three daughter clones suggested that EBV infected the progenitor cell before proliferation and metastasis. Individual, EBV-infected cells from a single individual showed sufficient heterogeneity in their EBV termini to allow use of terminal fragment size as a clonal marker in studies addressing the contribution of EBV to the clonal pathogenesis of tumors with which this virus has been associated.
Study of probabilistic and Bottle-Neck features in multilingual environment

This study is focused on the performance of Probabilistic and Bottle-Neck features on different language than they were trained for. It is shown, that such porting is possible and that the features are still competitive to PLP features. Further, several combination techniques are evaluated. The performance of combined features is close to the best performing system. Finally, bigger NNs were trained on large data from different domain. The resulting features outperformed previously trained systems and combination with them further improved the system performance.
Contradiction Based Gray-Hole Attack Minimization for Ad-Hoc Networks

Although quite popular for the protection for ad-hoc networks (MANETs, IoT, VANETs, etc.), detection & mitigation techniques only function after the attack has commenced. Prevention, however, attempts at thwarting an attack before it is executed. Both techniques can be realized either by the collective collaboration of network nodes (i.e., adding security messages to protocols) or by internal deduction of attack state. In this paper, we propose a method for minimizing the gray-hole DoS attack. Our solution assumes no explicit node collaboration, with each node using only internal knowledge gained by routine routing information. The technique was evaluated using five different threat models (different attacker capabilities), allowing for a better understanding of the attack surface and its prevention. Our simulation results show a decrease of up to 51 percent in previously dropped packet, greatly minimizing gray-hole attack effectiveness.