Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Red cell phospholipid determined in diagnosis of neurological disease.

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Mandibular Morphology as an Indicator of Human Subadult Age: Interlandmark Approaches *

Abstract: The dentition is widely recognized as the set of developmental markers that appear to show the least variability against chronological age; these markers are thus widely used in forensic anthropological investigations. As a possible alternative, we investigate here the potential of mandibular morphology as a developmental marker for estimating age at death in subadults. The sample analyzed comprises 79 known age and sex subadult individuals of South African Bantu and African American origin. Linear measurements of ramus height were obtained from the mathematical conversion of three‐dimensional landmark data. A series of regression analyses were then performed to predict age by using the measurement of ramus height; results were cross‐validated using a jackknife procedure. Our results show that ramus height can be used to predict age in the subadult skeleton with accuracy, closely approaching that of standards based on the dentition (standard error rates are between ±1.1 years and ±2.4 years).
Caregivers' Perceptions and Experiences of ‘Kangaroo Care’ in a Developing Country

The widespread use of ‘kangaroo care’ is yet to be realized despite strong evidence to suggest that this method of preterm care is safe, effective and affordable. We need to understand users' perception of this method of care. We studied, through focus group discussions, caregivers' experiences and perceptions of this method in a tertiary level hospital of a developing country. We conclude that, in this hospital, caregivers preferred kangaroo care to conventional methods. Communities' awareness of this method of care and its advantages must be improved.
Spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate

The spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare variant of the embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, mostly occurring in childhood. Only a few cases are described in adults. To date, no case of the spindle cell subtype of the prostatic embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma has been published. We report on a 23‐year‐old man, initially presenting with obstructive micturition problems, perineal pain and night sweat. After diagnosis by transrectal biopsy of the prostate, radiochemotherapy within the CWS 2002 P study was applied: nine cycles of vincristine, doxorubicin, actinomycin D, ifosfamide, and fractionated radiotherapy of the tumor and suspect lymph nodes (final dose 50.4 Gy). The tumor initially shrank, but an early local recurrence arose. Second‐line chemotherapy was applied, followed by a salvage radical cytoprostatectomy. The patient died of disseminated disease 14 months after diagnosis.
Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Markers of Oxidative Stress and Serum Biochemical Markers of Cellular Damage in Healthy Subjects

Background/Aims: Ramadan is a holy month for Muslims during which they abstain from eating, drinking and smoking from dawn to sunset. This makes Ramadan a unique model for studying the effects of altered meal patterns in humans. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Ramadan fasting on markers of oxidative stress and serum biochemical markers of cellular damage in healthy subjects. Methods: Fourteen healthy volunteers (9 men and 5 women aged 25–58 years) who fasted during Ramadan participated in the study. Blood sampling was conducted 2 days before Ramadan and on days 14 and 28 of Ramadan. The following were measured: (1) in serum, malondialdehyde (MDA), aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, blood urea nitrogen, total proteins, uric acid, albumin, glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol; (2) in plasma, protein-bound carbonyls, α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, retinol, vitamin C and carotenoids, and (3) in erythrocytes, MDA, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and catalase. Results: Erythrocyte MDA, serum glucose and triglycerides and plasma total carotenoids were significantly lower (p < 0.05) on day 28 of Ramadan compared to before Ramadan. The rest of the variables were not significantly altered by Ramadan fasting. Conclusion: The results obtained indicate that with the exception of a slight reduction in lipid peroxidative damage in erythrocytes, Ramadan fasting does not alter oxidative stress parameters or biochemical markers of cellular damage in healthy subjects.
Semantic Enhanced Social Media Sentiments for Stock Market Prediction

 Abstract — Traditional document representation for classification follows Bag of Words (BoW) approach to represent the term weights. The conventional method uses the Vector Space Model (VSM) to exploit the statistical information of terms in the documents and they fail to address the semantic information as well as order of the terms present in the documents. Although, the phrase based approach follows the order of the terms present in the documents rather than semantics behind the word. Therefore, a semantic concept based approach is used in this paper for enhancing the semantics by incorporating the ontology information. In this paper a novel method is proposed to forecast the intraday stock market price directional movement based on the sentiments from Twitter and money control news articles. The stock market forecasting is a very difficult and highly complicated task because it is affected by many factors such as economic conditions, political events and investor’s sentiment etc. The stock market series are generally dynamic, nonparametric, noisy and chaotic by nature. The sentiment analysis along with wisdom of crowds can automatically compute the collective intelligence of future performance in many areas like stock market, box office sales and election outcomes. The proposed method utilizes collective sentiments for stock market to predict the stock price directional movements. The collective sentiments in the above social media have powerful prediction on the stock price directional movements as up/down by using Granger Causality test.
The Nonthermal Rotational Distribution of H3+

Although H is nonpolar in the equilateral triangle equilibrium structure, symmetry breakdown due to centrifugal distortion causes a small dipole moment and hence rotational transitions. The spontaneous emission times are on the order of a few weeks for low rotational levels and are comparable to collision intervals in interstellar space. Moreover, there are metastable rotational levels such as J = K = 3, from which spontaneous emissions are rigorously forbidden. A very nonthermal rotational distribution is produced. We present a model calculation simulating the thermalization of H. Since the lifetime of H in interstellar space is orders of magnitude longer than the spontaneous emission time and collision intervals, a steady state approximation is assumed. Accurate theoretical values by ab initio theory are used for spontaneous emission rates. The rates of collision-induced transitions between rotational levels are calculated on the assumption of completely random selection rules using an approximate formula that satisfies the principle of detailed balancing. The results indicate that the observed high population of H in the (3, 3) metastable level toward the Galactic center (M. Goto and coworkers) signifies the presence of very large high-temperature (T ≥ 300 K) and low-density [n(H2) ≤ 70 cm-3] clouds. It is shown that other higher metastable levels may accommodate observable H in such clouds and that the excitation temperature determined from the observed relative populations of (1, 0) and (1, 1) should provide crucial information on the condition of such clouds.
Orbital Compartment Syndrome in Burn Patients

Purpose: To identify clinical characteristics of burn patients requiring emergent orbital decompression for vision-threatening orbital compartment syndrome. Methods: A retrospective review of 28 burn patients at a trauma center provided data regarding demographics, physical examination findings, and resuscitation fluid volumes. Patients requiring orbital decompression were compared with those who did not, using t tests and Fisher exact test. Linear regression was used to test for an association between peak intraocular pressure and fluid volume. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between need for orbital decompression and fluid volume. Results: Eight of 28 patients required emergent orbital decompression, which immediately reduced intraocular pressure from 59.4 ± 15.9 mm Hg to 28.6 ± 8.2 mm Hg (p < 0.001). There was a positive relationship between fluid volume in the first 24 hours and peak intraocular pressure (p < 0.001). Patients who were treated with orbital decompression were resuscitated with a higher fluid volume in the first 24 hours than those who were not (37,218 ± 14,405 ml versus 24,649 ± 12,339 ml, p = 0.015). This was no longer statistically significant when adjusted for periocular burns. The relative risk for undergoing orbital decompression in patients receiving ≥8.6 ml/kg/% total body surface area burned in the first 24 hours was 4.4 (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Risk factors for vision-threatening orbital compartment syndrome include fluid volume and periocular burns. Signs of vision-threatening orbital compartment syndrome should be addressed early with orbital decompression.
Stemness Enhancement of Human Neural Stem Cells following Bone Marrow MSC Coculture

Rapid loss of stemness capacity in purified prototype neural stem cells (NSCs) remains a serious challenge to basic and clinical studies aiming to repair the central nervous system. Based on the essential role of mesodermal guidance in the process of neurulation, we hypothesized that coculture of human NSCs (hNSCs) with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal stem cells (hMSCs) could enhance the stemness of hNSCs through Notch-1 signaling. We have now tested the hypothesis by assessing behaviors of hNSCs and hMSCs under systematically designed coculture conditions relative to monocultures, with or without Notch-1 manipulation in vitro. Our data demonstrate that expression levels of Notch-1 and Hes-1 as determined by immunocytochemistry are significantly higher in hNSCs cocultured with hMSCs than those of controls. Furthermore, coculturing significantly increases immunoreactivity of CD15, a neural stemness marker, but decreases CD24, a marker of neural/neuronal commitment in hNSCs. The effect is independent from the physical status of cell growth since coculture and notch signaling actually promotes hNSC adhesion. Importantly, coculture with hMSCs markedly augments hNSC proliferation rate (e.g., higher yield in G2/M phase subpopulation in a notch-dependent manner detected by flow cytometry) without diminishing their lineage differentiation capabilities. The results suggest that coculture of hNSCs with hMSCs enhances stemness biology of hNSCs partially via activation of Notch-1 signal transduction. Our finding sheds new light on mesoderm-ectoderm cell fate determination via contact-based hMSC-hNSC interactions and provides mechanistic leads for devising effective regimens to sustain and augment stemness of in vitro established hNSC and hMSC lines for basic science, translational and clinical applications.
Do Better Capitalized Banks Lend Less? Long-Run Panel Evidence from Germany

Insufficient capital buffers of banks have been identified as one main cause for the large systemic effects of the recent financial crisis. Although higher capital is no panacea, it yet features prominently in proposals for regulatory reform. But how do increased capital requirements affect business loans? While there is widespread belief that the real costs of increased bank capital in terms of reduced loans could be substantial, there are good reasons to believe that the negative real sector implications need not be severe. In this paper, we take a long-run perspective by analyzing the link between the capitalization of the banking sector and bank loans using panel cointegration models. We study the evolution of the German economy for the past 60 years. We find no evidence for a negative impact of bank capital on business loans.
The Interactive Effect of Feedback Sign and Task Type on Motivation and Performance

Abstract : Providing personnel with feedback is like gambling in the stock exchange: on average, you gain, yet the variance is such that you have a 40% chance of a (performance) loss following feedback (Kluger & DeNisi, 1996). The obvious question is then when feedback leads to gain. A hunch is that the sign (positive or negative) of feedback matters. Yet, the vast literature has no clear specifications regarding when and how feedback sign influences motivation (e.g. Kluger & DeNisi, 1996). This research, following Van-Dijk and Kluger (2004), suggests that feedback sign effects can be explained by self-regulation theory (Higgins, 1997, 1998) which distinguishes between two regulatory foci: prevention versus promotion. They proposed that positive (negative) feedback motivates more under promotion (prevention) focus. Here, we suggest that the nature of the task determines regulatory focus. Prevention-inducing tasks are tasks that require vigilance and cautiousness (e.g. guarding duty, a safety task), while promotion-inducing tasks are tasks that require openness and creativeness (e.g. planning a battle's strategy, developing a new training program). Consistent with our prediction, the results of two experiments showed that negative feedback is most effective for prevention tasks, which positive feedback is most effective for promotion tasks.
Olfactory loss may be a first sign of idiopathic Parkinson's disease

Recent studies support the idea of olfactory dysfunction as a very early sign of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Aim of the present study was to clinically follow‐up patients with idiopathic hyposmia to find out the percentage of patients developing IPD after 4 years time. At baseline, olfactory tests had been combined with transcranial sonography of the substantia nigra and 123I‐FP‐CIT SPECT imaging. At the present neurological examination, 7% of the individuals with idiopathic hyposmia had developed clinical IPD. Altogether, 13% presented with abnormalities of the motor system. Our data suggest that a combination of olfactory testing and other tests may constitute a screening tool for the risk to develop IPD. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
The Impact of Strategic Integration of Human Resource Management Practices on Organizational Performance: Some Evidence from Nigeria.

This study investigates the impact of strategic human resource management practices on performance of Nigerian organisations. A multi-respondent survey of companies was undertaken and data collected were derived from questionnaires completed by 225 human resource managers from 186 out of 195 organizations listed on the Nigeria stock exchange that have implemented performance management systems. The survey was subjected to regression and correlation analysis as well as descriptive statistics in pursuance of the study’s stated objectives. The questions used to measure the concepts were developed on the basis of the literature and their content was validated by twenty managers. Organizational performance was measured through a set of questionnaire that we developed based on previous studies. The internal reliability of the scales varies from . 77 to . 90. The results show that strategic human resource management practices affect performance of organizations generally and that recruitment and selection practices if strategically integrated with business in Nigeria will positively lead to organizational performance. Our findings also show that majority of enterprises in Nigeria had a LOW level of recruitment and selection strategic integration in business strategy formulation and implementation. We recommend that more strategic elements of human resource management practices be integrated into the performance management system to increase competitiveness and the survival of Nigerian organizations.
Written informed consent for i.v. contrast-enhanced radiography: patients' attitudes and common limitations.

In a multiinstitutional study, we surveyed 902 patients who were undergoing IV contrast-enhanced CT or IV urography; the purpose of the study was to determine patients' reactions to being given a written description of some of the risks associated with radiographic contrast material just before undergoing the examination. Ninety percent of the patients who responded said they would rather receive this information than not receive it. Ten percent said they preferred not to be given the information. Limitations in obtaining a truly informed consent were not rare and occurred in patients with medical emergencies (3% of cases) and in those with a limited understanding of risk disclosure (11% of cases). Patients in the latter category included those who were comatose or semicomatose (2%), those with dementia (1%), those with aphasia (0.8%), those who had psychiatric problems (0.8%), those who were sedated (0.6%), those who were unable to read (2%), those who were unable to understand English (2%), and those who perceived the information as too technical (0.9%). Two percent of the patients were minors. Our survey shows that practical limitations in obtaining adequate risk disclosure are common, but most patients want and accept information about the risks of having IV contrast-enhanced CT or IV urography before undergoing the procedure.
Remote-sensing measurements in the polar vortex: Comparison to in situ observations and implications for the simultaneous retrievals and analysis of the NO2 and OClO species

Nighttime remote-sensing balloon observations conducted by the SALOMON instrument in the arctic polar vortex in January 2006 reveal high amounts of stratospheric NO 2 in the lower stratosphere similarly to previously published profiles. NO 2 concentration enhancements are also present in the vertical profiles observed by the GOMOS instrument on board the Envisat satellite and obtained coincidently to the balloon measurements. Such quantities are not present in in situ observations obtained by the SPIRALE instrument in similar geophysical conditions. While OClO amounts are acceptably reproduced by Chemistry Transport Model (CTM) calculations, NO 2 simulated values are well below the observed quantities. The examination of the slant column densities of NO 2 obtained at float altitude highlights unexpected strong enhancements with respect to the elevation angle and displacement of the balloon. It is shown that these fluctuations result from NO 2 spatial inhomogeneities located above the balloon float altitude. Potential vorticity maps reveal the presence of midlatitude NO 2 -rich air in the upper stratosphere or lower mesosphere as a result of the perturbed dynamical situation of the vortex. The presence of spatial inhomogeneities crossed by the lines of sight leads to artificial high concentration values of NO 2 in the vertical profile retrieved from the slant column densities assuming spatial homogeneity. A direct implication is that the differences previously observed between measurements of NO 2 and OClO and model results are probably mostly due to the improper inversion of NO 2 in the presence of perturbed dynamical conditions or when mesospheric NO x production events occur. The dynamical situation will have to be systematically analyzed in future studies involving remote-sensing observations.
Methylphenidate-induced impulsivity: pharmacological antagonism by β-adrenoreceptor blockade

Noradrenaline—dopamine interactions mediate increases in locomotor activity, development of sensitisation and subjective effects of psychostimulant drugs. However, the modulatory effects of noradrenaline on psychostimulant-induced impulsivity are less clear. This article examined the relative roles of noradrenaline and dopamine in the modulation of methylphenidate-induced impulsive responding in rats performing the 5-choice serial reaction time task. Experiment 1 examined the systemic antagonism of methylphenidate-induced impulsivity with either propranolol, a β-adrenoreceptor blocker, or prazosin, an α1-adrenoreceptor antagonist, which antagonises the locomotor activating effects of amphetamine. Propranolol completely abolished methylphenidate-induced impulsivity. This effect was centrally rather than peripherally mediated, as nadolol, a peripheral β-blocker failed to affect methylphenidate-induced premature responding. Prazosin partially attenuated the methylphenidate-mediated increase in premature responding. A second experiment examined the effects of selective anti-DβH saporin-induced cortical noradrenaline depletion on methylphenidate-induced impulsivity. Contrary to the effects of β-adrenoreceptor blockade, cortical noradrenergic depletion did not alter methylphenidate-induced impulsivity. Other experiments examined the comparative effects of selective dopamine and serotonin receptor blockade. D4 dopamine receptor blockade with systemically administered L-745,870 also attenuated methylphenidate-induced impulsivity. The other antagonists had no effect on methylphenidate-induced impulsivity. Taken together, these studies provide evidence for a modulatory role of β-adrenoreceptors on methylphenidate-induced impulsive responding.
Factors Influencing Perceived Crowding of Tourists and Sustainable Tourism Destination Management

Studies on tourists crowding are developed to explore the perception of crowding, and these studies indicate crowding influence on sustainable development of tourist destinations. This study aims to reveal the influential factors of tourists’ perceived crowding. We obtained data from interviewing over 400 tourists and five senior tourism officials in Xi’an, China. This study firstly applies factor analysis to identify the constructed variables of tourists’ motivations from the principle component analysis. It then examines the correlation between nationality and perceived crowding. Consequently, a multiple regression is used to identify the connection between motivations and perceived crowding. The results of the study indicate nationality and motivation as two significant influential factors to perceived crowding management. This study also shows that management in tourist destinations would benefit from provision of the authentic travel experience integrated with zoning the travel destination.