Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differentiation of Temporal Lobe Ictal Behavior Associated with Hippocampal Sclerosis and Tumors of Temporal Lobe

Summary: Ictal behavioral characteristics may reflect seizure spread patterns and provide a clue to seizure onset location, between or within specific cerebral lobes. Sequential symptomatology might therefore distinguish patients with hippocampal sclerosis from patients with temporal lobe tumors. To determine ictal behavioral differences in patients of these groups, we analyzed 145 seizures of 33 patients with hippocampal sclerosis (group I) and 79 seizures of 22 patients with temporal lobe tumors (group 11). First appearance of a variety of ictal behavioral characteristics was determined in three phases (first 5 s, 5–60 s, and from 60 s to mental clearing) for patients in both groups. Ipsilateral hand automatisms were significantly more frequent in the first 60 s in group I (p < 0.005). Onset of contralateral head turning was observed in the first 5 s only in group Il (p < 0.05). First appearance of leg automatisms in group I and of oral automatisms in group Il were very rare in phase 2 (p < 0.01, p < 0.005). Time of onset of other ictal behavioral characteristics and duration of seizures were not statistically different between the two groups. Ictal behavioral characteristics varied among and within patients and patient groups, but certain behavioral characteristics were helpful in differentiating these two groups of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients.
Electoral clientelism as status affirmation in Africa: evidence from Ghana*

ABSTRACT Why does electoral clientelism persist when ballots are secret and elections are competitive? The provision of material rewards during campaigns is seen as the standard way politicians secure votes in ‘patronage democracies’. Yet monitoring clientelistic bargains is difficult when voting is secret, several competitors may provide material inducements simultaneously, voters view such inducements as gifts and not obligations, and candidates' records are more credible signals of future performance. I argue that where elections are competitive and voters expect gifts, candidates engage in a two-pronged strategy: affirm their own status through public displays of wealth, and undermine opponents' rewards by matching inducements or encouraging voters to break reciprocity norms. In result, neither side's gifts are sufficient for a win, and parties are forced to pursue different linkage mechanisms to voters. One such mechanism involves defining and targeting broader constituencies through policy proposals. Micro-level data from Ghana confirm these expectations. The theory is better suited to environments where candidates' past records are known to constituents than existing explanations, and accounts for the apparent contradiction between the ubiquity of campaign clientelism in Sub-Saharan Africa and recent empirical findings that performance evaluations and non-contingent incentives matter most to voters.
Hysteroscopy after uterine fibroid embolization in women of fertile age

Aim: Uterine artery embolization for fibroids is a controversial issue for women with incomplete reproductive plans. Ovarian failure and uterine infection are the most dreaded complications of this procedure. The purpose of the present study was to assess the types and the frequency of intrauterine abnormalities and the histological features of the endometrium after embolization.
An Analysis of Altmetrics in Emergency Medicine.

OBJECTIVES Alternative-level metrics (Altmetrics) are a new method to assess the sharing and spread of scientific knowledge. The primary objective of this study was to describe the traditional metrics and Altmetric scores of the 50 most frequently cited articles published in emergency medicine (EM) journals. Since many articles related to EM are published in other journals, the secondary aim of this study was to describe the Altmetric scores of the most frequently cited articles relevant to EM in other biomedical journals. METHODS A structured search of the Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science version of the Science Citation Index Expanded was conducted. The 200 most frequently cited articles in the top 10 EM journals (2011 Journal Citation Report) were identified. The 200 most frequently cited articles from the rest of the medical literature, matching a predefined list of keywords relevant to the specialty of EM, were identified. Two authors reviewed the lists of citations for relevance to EM and a consensus approach was used to arrive at the final lists of the top 50 cited articles. The Altmetric scores for the top 50 cited articles in EM and other journals were determined. Descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation were performed. RESULTS The highest Altmetric score for EM articles was 25.0; the mean (±SD) was 1.9 (±5.0). The EM journal with the highest mean article Altmetric score was Resuscitation. The main clinical areas shared for articles from EM articles were trauma (mean ± SD = 11.0 ± 15.6, median = 11.0) and cardiac arrest (mean ± SD = 2.7 ± 5.8, median = 0). The highest Altmetric score for other journals was 176.0 (mean ± SD = 23.3 ± 40.8). The other journal with the highest mean article Altmetric score was the New England Journal of Medicine. The main clinical areas shared for articles were critical care (mean ± SD score = 36.5 ± 47.4, median = 36.5), sepsis (mean ± SD = 24.6 ± 48.8, median = 12.0), cardiology (mean ± SD = 19.2 ± 35.6, median = 7.0), and infectious diseases (mean ± SD = 17.0 ± 12.7, median = 17.0). Spearman correlation demonstrated weakly positive correlation between citation counts and Altmetric scores for EM articles and other journals. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first analysis of Altmetric scores for the top cited articles in EM. We demonstrated that there is a mild correlation between citation counts and Altmetric scores for the top papers in EM and other biomedical journals. We also demonstrated that there is a gap between the sharing of the top articles in EM journals and those related to EM in other biomedical journals. Future research to explore this relationship and its temporal trends will benefit the understanding of the reach and dissemination of EM research within the scientific community and society in general.
Estimating the Proportion of Healthcare-Associated Infections That Are Reasonably Preventable and the Related Mortality and Costs

Objective. To estimate the proportion of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in US hospitals that are “reasonably preventable,” along with their related mortality and costs. Methods. To estimate preventability of catheter-associated bloodstream infections (CABSIs), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), surgical site infections (SSIs), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), we used a federally sponsored systematic review of interventions to reduce HAIs. Ranges of preventability included the lowest and highest risk reductions reported by US studies of “moderate” to “good” quality published in the last 10 years. We used the most recently published national data to determine the annual incidence of HAIs and associated mortality. To estimate incremental cost of HAIs, we performed a systematic review, which included costs from studies in general US patient populations. To calculate ranges for the annual number of preventable infections and deaths and annual costs, we multiplied our infection, mortality, and cost figures with our ranges of preventability for each HAI. Results. AS many as 65%–70% of cases of CABSI and CAUTI and 55% of cases of VAP and SSI may be preventable with current evidence-based strategies. CAUTI may be the most preventable HAI. CABSI has the highest number of preventable deaths, followed by VAP. CABSI also has the highest cost impact; costs due to preventable cases of VAP, CAUTI, and SSI are likely less. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that 100% prevention of HAIs may not be attainable with current evidence-based prevention strategies; however, comprehensive implementation of such strategies could prevent hundreds of thousands of HAIs and save tens of thousands of lives and billions of dollars.
The impact of nausea and vomiting on women: a burden of early pregnancy

Summary: Nausea and vomiting are troublesome symptoms occurring in the first trimester of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to describe the impact these symptoms have on women in early pregnancy by interviewing, using a structured questionnaire, 593 pregnant women presenting with nausea and vomiting in the first trimester of pregnancy. The women were asked to complete the Rhodes index of nausea and vomiting and the MOS 36 Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36).
Risk factors for clustering of tuberculosis cases: a systematic review of population-based molecular epidemiology studies.

BACKGROUND Many molecular epidemiology studies have been conducted to identify risk factors for clustering of tuberculosis (TB) cases in the population. OBJECTIVE To estimate the impact of commonly investigated risk factors on TB clustering. METHODS Ten electronic databases were searched up to January 2006 along with a hand search of the International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease and bibliographies of review articles. Meta-analyses of odds ratios (ORs) for various risk factors were conducted using random effect models, stratified by TB incidence. Meta-regressions were employed to account for the heterogeneity in clustering proportions and the magnitudes of risk. FINDINGS The TB clustering proportion varied greatly (7.0-72.3%) among 36 studies in 17 countries. In multiple meta-regression analyses, high TB incidence, mean cluster size and conventional contact tracing were significantly associated with higher clustering. The pooled ORs (95%CIs) for low and high/intermediate TB incidence studies, using a cut off of 25/100000 per year, were 3.4 (2.7- 4.2) and 1.6 (1.3-2.1) for local-born status, 1.6 (1.5-1.7) and 1.7 (1.3-2.2) for pulmonary TB and 1.2 (1.1-1.3) and 1.3 (1.1-1.7) for smear-positive cases, respectively. Male sex, local birth, alcohol abuse and injection drug use were significantly higher risks in low TB incidence studies than in the high/intermediate ones. INTERPRETATION Meta-analyses yielded significant estimates of ORs for several risk factors across both levels of TB incidence. Alcohol abuse, injection drug use and homelessness--all characteristics of marginalized populations--were found to be consistently significant in populations of low TB incidence. More research is needed to better understand TB transmission dynamics in high-burden countries.
Epidemiological Study of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Ovine Breeding

An outbreak of toxoplasmosis occurring in a typical farm of 524 ovines was monitored for 1 year after the occurrence of 31 abortions. Abortion events involved 7.2% of 430 pregnant sheep. Presence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in sheep sera was investigated by the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT). A total of 422 ewes were bled four times during the year, and an epidemiological analysis was performed on all serology data collected in this subgroup. The prevalence of IgG positives ranged from 31.52% (133/422) at the first sampling to 62.56% (264/422) at the fourth sampling. Incidence of IgG antibodies was 38.75% at the second sampling, 14.92% at the third and 29.28% at the fourth sampling. At the beginning of the study, prevalence was 70.7% in primiparous sheep and 20.9% in sheep older than 5 years; at the third sampling, prevalence was stable at 70% in pluriparous sheep. The mean prevalence of IgM antibodies was 14.87%. A total of 147 out of all 524 ovines of the flock tested positive for IgM in more than one sampling. After an initial positivity, 60 sheep tested negative for IgG at the following serological controls (4 between the first and the second sampling, 30 between the second and the third and 28 between the third and the fourth sampling). One stray cat was positive for IgG, with a titre of 1 : 320. Moreover, one of the farmers was also positive, with a titre of 1 : 160 for IgG. A positive PCR result for T. gondii DNA was also observed in aliquots of grain and pellets taken from feed stocks amassed inside the sheds without protection, suggesting that an adequate management of the farm might be useful, if not essential, for controlling T. gondii outbreaks in ovine flocks.
From dogmatic views on conservation agriculture adoption in Zambia towards adapting to context

ABSTRACT Conservation Agriculture (CA) has been widely promoted in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) as a sustainable agricultural practice, yet with debatable success. Most authors assume successful adoption, only if all three principles of CA are implemented: (1) minimum or zero tillage, (2) maintenance of a permanent soil cover, and (3) integration of crop rotations. Based on this strict definition, adoption has declined or remained stagnant. Presently, not much attention has been given to context-suited adaptation possibilities, and partial adoption has not been recognized as an entry point to full adoption. Furthermore, isolated success cases have not been analysed sufficiently. By applying the QAToCA approach based on focus group discussions complemented by semi-structured qualitative expert and farmer interviews, we assessed the reasons behind positive CA adaptation and adoption trends in Zambia. Main reasons behind Zambia’s emerging success are (1) a positive institutional influence, (2) a systematic approach towards CA promotion – encouraging a stepwise adaptation and adoption, and (3) mobilization of strong marketing dynamics around CA. These findings could help to eventually adjust or redesign CA promotion activities. We argue for a careful shift from the ‘dogmatic view’ on adoption of CA as a packaged technology, towards adapting its principles to the small-scale farming context of SSA.
Growth and longevity in fishes of the family Scaridae

Systematic check-marks In the sagittal otollths from 6 species of scarids sampled fl-om the Great Bar~ier Reef, Australia, were used to develop size-at-age plots. The species were Chlorurus gibbus, C. sordidus, Scarus frenatus, S. niger. S. psittacus and S. nvulatus. Comparative information for a seventh specles, S. schelgeli, for which otolith increment data \*ere ava~lable. was also included. Systematic check-marks in the form of alternating opaque and translucent bands were observed in the sectloned sagittae of all species. Regression of numbers of sagittal increments on sagittal weights revealed consistent llnear relationships between these var~ables indicating continuous growth In sagittal thickness over the llfe span. For C. sordldus, S, frenatus, S nlger and S. r~vulatus recapture of specimens injected wlth tetracycline conf~rmed an annual pattern In Increment formation, with an opaque band being formed in early summer. Additlonal confirmation of the annual formation of opaque increments in S. rivulatus was obtained by marglnal Increment analysis. Size-at-age plots identified variable growth patterns and longevities among the 7 species. Growth in C. gibbus, S. psittacus, S. schelgeli and S r~vulat i~s was continuous wlth little evidence of an as\,niptotic size. I ifc spans ranged from 5 yr ( S . psittacus) to 14 yr (C glbbus). In C. sordidus, S. frenatus dnd S. niger thcrc, were clear asymptot~c slzes achieved early In 11fe and greater longevltles (10 to 20 yr). All species were protogynous with evidence of sex-specific growth patterns. Transition to the terminal male ~dent l ty was associated with enhanced growth resulting in larger and younger terminal males than females of equivalent size.
A correlation study on the effects of DNMT1 on methylation levels in CD4(+) T cells of SLE patients.

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of DNMT1 on CD4(+) T cells in the peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. METHODS To investigate the differential expression of DNMT1 in CD4(+) T cells of SLE patients and healthy individuals, a DNMT1 lentiviral plasmid (pLenti6.3/V5-DNMT1) and a control plasmid (pLenti6.3/V5-GW/LacZ) were constructed and transfected into CD4(+) T cells from the peripheral blood of SLE patients. The transcriptional and translational expression of DNMT1, global genomic DNA methylation, and the production of IgG antibody in the CD4(+) T cells in the peripheral blood of SLE patients were assessed using qPCR analysis, western blotting, flow cytometry, and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS The expression level of DNMT1 in SLE patients was significantly lower than that in normal humans. The expression of DNMT1 was found to be positively correlated with the methylation level of genomic DNA and negatively correlated with the IgG titration level. DNA sequencing results confirmed that the DNMT1 lentiviral plasmid was successfully constructed. After the CD4(+) T cells from the peripheral blood of SLE patients were transfected with the pLenti6.3/V5-DNMT1 plasmid, the transcription level of the DNMT1 gene was upregulated and abundance of DNMT1 protein significantly increased. Global genomic DNA methylation was enhanced, while the production of IgG antibody was reduced. CONCLUSION DNMT1 can inhibit the autoimmune response in SLE patients by reversing the abnormally low DNA methylation level in the CD4(+) T cells.
Management of Spine Tuberculosis With Chemotherapy and Percutaneous Pedicle Screws in Adjacent Vertebrae: A Retrospective Study of 34 Cases

Study Design. Retrospective study. Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of local chemotherapy combined with percutaneous pedicle screw in adjacent vertebra in the treatment of spine tuberculosis (TB). Summary of Background Data. Despite the increased treatment concepts and surgical methods, the management of TB, which is increasing in prevalence, remains challenging. Considerable complications existing in the conventional debridement surgery with TB spondylitis requires more attention. Methods. A retrospective evaluation containing 34 cases of spinal TB (17 males, 17 females; average age 59 years; 14 thoracic TB, 11 thoracolumbar TB, nine lumbar TB) between April 2007 and August 2014 was conducted. All patients were treated with local chemotherapy combined with percutaneous pedicle screw in adjacent vertebrae. The ASIA grade, the Cobb angle, and complications were investigated. Results. All the patients were followed with an average of 18 (range, 12–52) months and were successfully treated without radiculopathy or neurological complications, with 27 excellent and seven fair outcomes at the final follow-up. One case that developed serious abscess in the primary focus underwent anterior focus debridement and bone graft fusion and recovered to the grade of fine at the final following up. As for kyphotic deformity, there was no Cobb angle loss. No other obvious complications were observed in all the patients. Conclusion. Local chemotherapy combined with percutaneous pedicle screw in adjacent vertebrae seems an effective method to treat spine TB, with some advantages including smaller trauma, fine neurologic recovery, few complications, and no Cobb angle loss. Level of Evidence: 3
Does a strategic planning process that combines rational and adaptive characteristics pay off ? Evidence from European firms

Rational strategic planning has long been used as an instrument to improve financial performance. With the increasing complexity of the business environment, this positive impact has decreased. As a result, there have been several calls for more work focusing on investigating and understanding the strategic planning process and how it affects financial performance. Many recent studies suggest that a rational approach to strategic planning should be combined with an adaptive approach to build a hybrid approach that is better suited to the current dynamic and complex environment. The purpose of this research is to examine how a strategic planning process that combines rational characteristics and adaptive characteristics improves financial performance. To this end, this study develops and empirically tests a conceptual model, using a quantitative study of 335 European organizations. A combined strategic planning process has a positive impact on financial performance, through the mediators of employee strategic alignment and organizational capabilities. JEL Classification: L10, L25
Pengaruh Diversifikasi Gender, Umur, Tenure Dan Pendidikan Terhadap profitabilitas Perusahaan Perbankan Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

This study aims to prove and analyze the influence of demographic diversification or diversity of independent board members as measured by gender, age tenure and education of the company's ability to generate profits. The samples used are 22 banking companies that go public in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analytical method used to validate the hypothesis is testing the panel data through the help of the Eviews program. Based on the results of tests that have been done found that the diversification of age and education does not affect the profitability of banking companies go public in the Indonesia Stock Exchange, while tenure and gender tenure and owned by independent board members have a significant effect on the profitability of banking companies that go public in Indonesia stock exchange
Influence of Gender on Mental Health Literacy in Young Australians

Objectives: To determine the effects of gender on mental health literacy in young people between 12 and 25 years of age. Design: Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviewing was employed to conduct a crosssectional structured interview focusing on young people's awareness of depression and psychosis. Participants: The sample comprised 1207 young Australians (539 males and 668 females) between the ages of 12-25 recruited from two metropolitan and two regional areas within Victoria. Six hundred and six respondents were presented a depression vignette and 601 were presented a psychosis vignette. Results: Female respondents (60.7%) were significantly more likely to correctly identify depression in the vignette as compared to male respondents (34.5%). No significant gender differences were noted for the psychosis vignette. Males were less significantly likely to endorse seeing a doctor or psychologist/counsellor for the treatment of psychosis. Males were also significantly more likely than females to endorse alcohol as a way of dealing with depression and antibiotics as useful for dealing with psychosis. Conclusion: Gender differences in mental health literacy are striking. Males showed significantly lower recognition of symptoms associated with mental illness and were more likely endorse the use alcohol to deal with mental health problems. Such factors may contribute to the delays in help seeking seen in young males. Further research is needed to delineate how these gender differences in young people may obstruct help seeking, early intervention and other aspects of mental health service delivery.