Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A parenteral nutrition use survey with gap analysis.

BACKGROUND Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a high-alert medication for which safe practice guidelines are available. Recent adverse events associated with PN have been widely reported. A survey of current practices was indicated as new guidelines are being considered. METHODS A web-based survey consisting of 70 items was made available for the month of August 2011. Respondents provided answers to questions that addressed all aspects of the PN use process. RESULTS There were a total of 895 respondents to the survey, including dietitians, nurses, pharmacists, and physicians. They predominantly represented hospital settings (89%), with 44% from academic institutions. Most organizations use a once-daily PN admixture with 21% outsourcing preparation. Electronic PN order entry is available in one-third of organizations, and the use of standardized order sets prevails. Unfortunately, electronic interfaces between computer systems remain infrequent, meaning that at least one transcription step is required by most in the PN use process. There are a wide variety of methods for ordering PN components, many of which are inconsistent with safe practices. Most organizations dedicate a pharmacist to review the PN orders, many of which require clarifications. Documentation at each step of the PN use process with oversight to identify deviations from best practice recommendations is infrequent. A significant proportion (44%) does not track PN-related medication errors. CONCLUSIONS The survey data are a valuable snapshot of current practices with PN. Poor compliance with some of the safe practice guidelines continues. This will help guide new safety initiatives for the PN use process.
The effect of music tempo on consumer impatience in intertemporal decisions

This paper aims to examine the effect of music tempo on impatience in intertemporal tradeoff decisions. It finds that fast (vs slow) tempo music increases impatience. This occurs because fast (vs slow) tempo music makes temporal distance, and hence the waiting time until the receipt of delayed benefits, feel subjectively longer. The study tests the hypotheses through four laboratory experiments. In Studies 1a (N = 88) and 1b (N = 98), the results demonstrate that when participants listen to fast (vs slow) tempo music, they judge temporal distance to be longer. In Study 2 (N = 94), the results demonstrate that when participants listen to fast (vs slow) tempo music, they become more impatient when considering a smartphone purchase. In Study 3 (N = 218), the results demonstrate that when participants listen to fast (vs slow) tempo music, they become more impatient when considering a gift certificate, and that this delay discounting effect is attributable to the change in their temporal distance judgment. The current research reports a novel factor that influences impatience in intertemporal decisions and temporal distance judgment. This research provides useful guidelines for retail managers and marketers regarding the effect of background music in stores. This is the first study demonstrating a music tempo effect on temporal distance judgment and impatience in intertemporal tradeoff decisions.
Investigating the Knowledge Sharing among students in Pakistan

This paper’s goal is to empirically examine the impact of trust, attitude, and ICT Use on knowledge sharing among degree students of universities in Vehari. Self-efficacy theory was used as an underpinning theory to test the suggested model. A sample size of 120 students was selected to collect the primary data through survey from respondents. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were performed to test the hypotheses drawn from this study. The findings show that trust, attitude and ICT Use are the key factors in order to boost knowledge sharing amongst students. The results show that ICT Use is highly significant and correlated predictor of knowledge sharing. The study also discussed implications, limitations and future research recommendation that can be helpful both universities and researchers for further study.
Complicated Sigmoid Diverticulitis—Hartmann’s Procedure or Primary Anastomosis ?

Abstract Introduction : Diverticular disease of the colon is a common condition in developed countries. For perforated diverticulitis Hartmann’s procedure is a safe and quick treatment option. But intestinal restoration needs further interventions. This leads to high complication rates and cost. Therefore a critical evaluation of surgical treatment options is necessary. Methods : During a period of 18 months 88 patients underwent surgical resection for diverticulitis. Forty patients had emergency surgery. Among those a primary anastomosis was performed in 21 patients. The other 19 patients had interval colostomy. Among 21 patients with primary anastomosis major complications occurred in two patients, vs. twelve in patients with Hartmann’s operation (p = 0.03). In the Hartmann group eight patients had major general complications, vs. one patient in the group with primary anastomosis (p = 0.06). The mean hospital stay was 38 days after Hartmann’s procedure, vs. 13 days for patients with primary anastomosis (p < 0.01). Conclusion : In emergency surgery for complicated diverticulitis primary anastomosis is not associated with an increased postoperative morbidity. A primary anastomosis reduces the need for further surgical interventions and complex re-operations. Thus, an overall reduction of morbidity, cost, complication rate and hospital stay is possible. Therefore this technique is advantageous for patients and hospitals.
Improving the Reactive Power Capability of the DFIG-Based Wind Turbine During Operation Around the Synchronous Speed

The doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) equipped with self-commutated insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) voltage source converter (VSC) is one of the most popular topologies used in wind power systems. It has the ability to control active and reactive power independently. The reactive power capability is subject to several limitations which change with the operating point. Around synchronous operating point, a special attention is needed since the limitation of maximum junction temperature of the IGBTs cause a reduction on maximum permissible output current at the rotor side. This paper investigates the thermal behavior of the converter using semiconductor losses and thermal model based on the IGBT manufacturer datasheet. Different pulse-width modulation (PWM) types, including continuous and discontinuous types are applied and the results of reactive power capability are compared. Simulation results show that appropriate selection of PWM type is necessary at around synchronous speed to increase the maximum permissible rotor current as well as reactive power capability.
Opioid Analgesia in Neonates Following Cardiac Surgery

Pain in the newborn is complex, involving a variety of receptors and mechanisms within the developing nervous system. When pain is generated, a series of sequential neurobiologic changes occur within the central nervous system. If pain is prolonged or repetitive, the developing nervous system could be permanently modified, with altered processing at spinal and supraspinal levels. In addition, pain is associated with a number of adverse physiologic responses that include alterations in circulatory (tachycardia, hypertension, vasoconstriction), metabolic (increased catabolism), immunologic (impaired immune response), and hemostatic (platelet activation) systems. This “stress response” associated with cardiac surgery in neonates could be profound and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Neonates undergoing cardiac operations are exposed to extensive tissue damage related to surgery and additional painful stimulation related to endotracheal and thoracostomy tubes that may remain in place for variable periods of time following surgery. In addition, postoperatively neonates endure repeated procedural pain from suctioning of endotracheal tubes, placement of vascular catheters, and manipulation of wounds (eg, sternal closure) and dressings. The treatment and/or prevention of pain are widely considered necessary for humanitarian and physiologic reasons. Improved clinical and developmental outcomes underscore the importance of providing adequate analgesia for newborns who undergo major surgery, mechanical ventilation, and related procedures in the intensive care unit. This article reviews published information regarding opioid administration and associated issues of tolerance and abstinence syndromes (withdrawal) in neonates with an emphasis on those having undergone cardiac surgery.
Integration of Communication Analysis and the OO-Method: Rules for the manual derivation of the Conceptual Model

Enterprise information systems can be developed following a model-driven paradigm. This way, models that represent the organisational work practice are used to produce models that represent the information system. Current software development methods are starting to provide guidelines for the construction of conceptual models, taking as input requirements models. This paper proposes the integration of two methods: Communication Analysis (a communication-oriented requirements engineering method [Espa\~na, Gonz\'alez et al. 2009]) and the OO-Method (a model-driven object-oriented software development method [Pastor and Molina 2007]). For this purpose, a systematic technique for deriving OO-Method Conceptual Models from business process and requirements models is proposed. The business process specifications (which include message structures) are processed in order to obtain static and dynamic views of the computerised information system. Then, using the OLIVANOVA framework, software source code can be generated automatically [CARE Technologies].
Human capital in the manufacturing sector from 1972 to 2015 and its association with economic growth of Pakistan

The manufacturing sector has been a large contribution towards promoting economic growth, generating employment, competitiveness and trade development in the world. Human capital plays a significant role in the growth of the manufacturing sector, while its determination on manufacture sector growth in Pakistan has remained unexplored in literature. The main objective of this study is to define the proxy role of human capital formation (e.g., secondary school enrolment, infant mortality rate, and life expectancy) and their direct impact on manufacturing sectors in Pakistan for the period of 1972–2015. An autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach was applied to investigate and co-integrate the causality link between the study variables. These tests put a spotlight on the long-run connection among the variables, while in addition, the results revealed that human capital, employed labor force, gross fixed capital formation, inflation rate, energy consumption, tax on GDP, domestic credit had a positive impact on the manufacturing growth in Pakistan.
Phase I study of the novel, fully synthetic epothilone sagopilone (ZK-EPO) in patients with solid tumors.

BACKGROUND Sagopilone (ZK-EPO) is a fully synthetic microtubule-stabilizing agent that has demonstrated high antitumor activity in preclinical models. This first-in-human phase I study aimed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxic effects (DLTs) of 3-weekly sagopilone treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 52 patients with advanced solid tumors received a 30-min infusion of escalating doses of sagopilone (0.6-29.4 mg/m(2)) every 3 weeks. Nine additional patients were recruited to a 3-h infusion arm (16.53- or 22.0-mg/m(2) dose) to assess the incidence of neuropathy with prolonged infusion. RESULTS The MTD was established as 22.0 mg/m(2). DLTs comprised peripheral sensory neuropathy (PNP), infection, hyponatremia, diarrhea, and central ataxia. PNP was the most common grade 3 event, with a similar incidence in the 30-min and 3-h arms. Hematologic adverse events were rare and of low intensity. One confirmed partial response (PR) and one unconfirmed PR were reported in the 30-min arm, and a further unconfirmed PR was observed in the 3-h arm. Eleven patients achieved disease stabilization. Sagopilone showed high levels of tissue binding and no obvious serum accumulation in both arms. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that sagopilone therapy is feasible and well tolerated. The recommended dose for phase II studies is 16.53 mg/m(2), once every 3 weeks.
Gender and Willingness to Pay for Insured Loans: Empirical Evidence from Ghana

Abstract This study investigates the willingness to pay (WTP) for index-based drought insurance coupled with agricultural loans by product design and gender, using a contingent valuation method. The empirical estimations reveal several important findings. First, females have lower mean WTP than male farmers for each product design. Second, females do not express preference differences between insured loan product designs while males do. In fact, males prefer insured loans that make payouts directly to them and prefer insured loans without design risk.
Determinants of Environmental Sanitation in the City of Tshwane, South Africa

The purpose of the study was to identify and quantify key predictors of satisfactory municipal services on municipal waste management in the City of Tshwane, South Africa. The expected and perceived quality of waste management services were analysed by using SERVQUAL analysis. The study found that the perception and expectation of respondents on the quality of sanitary services provided to them were significantly influenced by the degree of motivation of employees of the City of Tshwane at work, the ability of employees of the City of Tshwane to treat all customers with respect, the ability of employees of the City of Tshwane to provide adequate answers promptly to queries raised by customers, and the degree to which employees of the City of Tshwane were skilled on technical issues, in a decreasing order of strength.
Listen to the graph: Childrens matching of melodies with their visual representations

This paper is a report of matching of melodies with line graphs and music notation by children (aged 10 & 11 years). The study found that children are able to match the up-down contour of melodies with their visual representations, and that matching-task performance is positively related to mathematical ability in the case of line graphs, and musical ability in the case of music notation. The results suggest that visually impaired students and students with a preference for aural learning may be able to perceive the shape of graphs through auditory output of graphical calculators or computers. It was found also that the children used global processing more readily than local analytical processes and were able to detect global features such as overall shape more easily than local details such as interval sizes.
Suicide-bereaved children and adolescents: a controlled longitudinal examination.

OBJECTIVE The current study examined emotional and behavioral sequelae in children who have experienced parental suicide by completing a secondary analysis of data from the Grief Research Study, a longitudinal study of childhood bereavement. METHOD Twenty-six suicide-bereaved (SB) children, aged 5 to 17 years, were compared with 332 children bereaved from parental death not caused by suicide (NSB) in interviews 1, 6, 13, and 25 months after the death. Children's emotional reactions to the death, psychiatric symptomatology, and psychosocial functioning after the parent's death were determined. RESULTS Grief emotions were common in both groups. SB children were more likely to experience anxiety, anger, and shame than NSB children. SB children were more likely to have preexisting behavioral problems and more behavioral and anxiety symptoms throughout the first 2 years compared with NSB children. Indices of depression, suicidality, and psychosocial functioning differed minimally between groups. CONCLUSIONS SB children experience some "common" elements of bereavement. In addition, they demonstrate some lifetime risk factors as well as subsequent pathology that suggests a negative behavioral trajectory. As these cohorts have not yet passed through the age of risk, long-term follow-up is critical.
Genomic DNA Released by Dying Cells Induces the Maturation of APCs1 2

Mature APCs play a key role in the induction of Ag-specific immunity. This work examines whether genomic DNA released by dying cells provides a stimulus for APC maturation. Double-stranded but not single-stranded genomic DNA triggered APC to up-regulate expression of MHC class I/II and various costimulatory molecules. Functionally, dsDNA enhanced APC function in vitro and improved primary cellular and humoral immune responses in vivo. These effects were dependent on the length and concentration of the dsDNA but were independent of nucleotide sequence. The maturation of APC induced by dsDNA may promote host survival by improving immune surveillance at sites of tissue injury/infection.
Receptor‐activity modifying protein 1 expression is increased in the striatum following repeated L‐DOPA administration in a 6‐hydroxydopamine lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease

Abnormalities in signaling by G‐protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) within the striatum are involved in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) and L‐DOPA induced dyskinesia (LID). Receptor activity modifying proteins (RAMPs) are single transmembrane accessory proteins crucial for both trafficking and defining the phenotype of GPCRs. In the CNS, RAMP1 mRNA is predominantly expressed in striatum, cortex, and olfactory tubercles. In the present study, expression of RAMP1 mRNA is increased in the striatum (68–77%), following repeated L‐DOPA administration, in the 6‐hydroxydopamine‐lesioned rat. These data are the first to describe regulation of RAMP1 expression in the CNS and suggest that changes in RAMP1 activity are involved in the pathophysiology of LID. Synapse 62:310–313, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polidocanol foam sclerotherapy of persisting postoperative seromas after varicose vein surgery: a series of six cases

Objective: The aim of our case series was to show the therapeutic effect andthe safety of the use of polidocanol foam in ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy treatment ofrelatively small postoperative seromas after varicose vein surgery. Methods: We treated six patients with postoperative seromas after varicose vein surgery that were refractory to conventional treatments including compression dressings, repeated needle aspirations and manual lymph drainage. Results: A complete regression of the fluid collections was seen after one and two ultrasound-guided injections of polidocanol foam into the seroma cavity in two cases, respectively. Up to five treatment sessions and up to four further needle aspirations were necessary for the remaining two patients until complete regression of the seromas. No side-effects were reported. Conclusion: This is the first case series to report of the regression of postoperative seromas after varicose vein surgery induced by polidocanol foam sclerotherapy.
Performance benchmarks for a next generation numerical dynamo model

Numerical simulations of the geodynamo have successfully represented many observable characteristics of the geomagnetic field, yielding insight into the fundamental processes that generate magnetic fields in the Earth's core. Because of limited spatial resolution, however, the diffusivities in numerical dynamo models are much larger than those in the Earth's core, and consequently, questions remain about how realistic these models are. The typical strategy used to address this issue has been to continue to increase the resolution of these quasi‐laminar models with increasing computational resources, thus pushing them toward more realistic parameter regimes. We assess which methods are most promising for the next generation of supercomputers, which will offer access to O(106) processor cores for large problems. Here we report performance and accuracy benchmarks from 15 dynamo codes that employ a range of numerical and parallelization methods. Computational performance is assessed on the basis of weak and strong scaling behavior up to 16,384 processor cores. Extrapolations of our weak‐scaling results indicate that dynamo codes that employ two‐dimensional or three‐dimensional domain decompositions can perform efficiently on up to ∼106 processor cores, paving the way for more realistic simulations in the next model generation.
Evaluation of Melanin-Targeted Radiotherapy in Combination with Radiosensitizing Drugs for the Treatment of Melanoma

The incidence of malignant melanoma is rising faster than that of any other cancer in the United States. An [131I]-labeled benzamide - [131I]MIP-1145 - selectively targets melanin, reduces melanoma tumor burden and increases survival in preclinical models. Our purpose was to determine the potential of radiosensitizers to enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of [131I]MIP-1145. Melanotic (A2058) and amelanotic (A375 and SK-N-BE(2c)) cells were treated with [131I]MIP-1145 as a single agent or in combination with drugs with radiosenitizing potential. Cellular uptake of [131I]MIP-1145 and toxicity were assessed in monolayer culture. The interaction between radiosensitizers and [131I]MIP-1145 was evaluated by combination index analysis in monolayer cultures and by delayed growth of multicellular tumor spheroids. [131I]MIP-1145 was taken up by and was toxic to melanotic cells but not amelanotic cells. Combination treatments comprising [131I]MIP-1145 with the topoisomerase inhibitor topotecan or the PARP-1 inhibitor AG014699 resulted in synergistic clonogenic cell kill and enhanced delay of the growth of spheroids derived from melanotic melanoma cells. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib had no synergistic cytotoxic effect with [131I]MIP-1145 and failed to enhance the delay of spheroid growth. Following combination treatment of amelanotic cells, neither synergistic clonogenic cell kill nor enhanced growth delay of spheroids was observed.