Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlated enhancement of Hc2 and Jc in carbon nanotube doped MgB2

The use of MgB2 in superconducting applications still awaits the development of a MgB2-based material where current-carrying performance and critical magnetic field are optimized simultaneously. We achieved this by doping MgB2 with double-wall carbon nanotubes (DWCNT) as a source of carbon in polycrystalline samples. The optimum nominal DWCNT content for increasing the critical current density, Jc, is in the range 2.5–10 at. % depending on field and temperature. Record values of the upper critical field, Hc2(4 K) = 41.9 T (with extrapolated Hc2(0)≈44.4 T), are reached in a bulk sample with 10 at. % DWCNT content. The measured Hc2 versus T dependences for all samples are successfully described using a theoretical model for a two-gap superconductor in the dirty limit first proposed by Gurevich and co-workers.
A Study of The Illumination Cones Method for Face Recognition Under Variable Illumination

Earlier face recognition algorithms have performed suciently well under tight environment constraints. However, simplistic and crude algorithms such as the geometric feature-based matching method and the template matching method fail catastrophically under slight environment changes, such as illumination variations. More sophisticated approaches like the Eigenface method or other Appearance-Based Methods, which had worked extremely well for face images with considerable changes in facial expression and occlusions, failed to tackle the issue of lighting changes. More recently, developments of methods that involve creating generative models of face images and extracting three-dimensional shape of faces have shown promising results. This report shall attempt to provide a detailed account of the Illumination Cones method that has shown a vast accuracy improvement compared to earlier methods in terms of robustness against illumination variation.
Salt-finger convection generated by lateral heating of a solute gradient

When a tank of fluid with a solute gradient is subjected to lateral heating, a series of horizontal convection cells is generated when the critical condition is exceeded. This phenomenon has been observed experimentally and simulated by two-dimensional numerical schemes by a number of previous investigators. In each of the convection cells, relatively warm and solute-rich fluid flows from the hot to the cold wall along the top of the cell while the return of the relatively cool and solute-poor fluid is along the bottom of the cell. This situation is conducive to the onset of salt fingers. We recently performed a series of such experiments with salt-water and ethanol–water solutions. By using flow visualization techniques, salt fingers in longitudinal rolls typical of those occurring in shear flows were observed. Salt fingers were observed as soon as convection was initiated, and they advanced with the convection front. Experiments with an ethanol–water solution showed that salt fingers can be generated by flows driven by a surface tension gradient and that the effect of solute concentration on surface tension plays an important role in the process.
A possible formation scenario for dwarf spheroidal galaxies – II. A parameter study

Dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies are considered the basic building blocks of the galaxy formation process in the LCDM (Lambda Cold Dark Matter) hierarchical cosmological model. These galaxies are believed to be the most dark matter (DM) dominated systems known, have the lowest stellar content, and are poor in gas. Many theories attempt to explain the formation of dSph galaxies resorting to the fact that these galaxies are mainly found orbiting large galaxies or invoking other mechanisms of interactions. Here we show the full set of simulation as an extension of our fiducial model, where we study the formation of classical dSph galaxies in isolation by dissolving star clusters within the DM halo of the dwarf galaxy. In our parameter survey we adopt cored and cusped DM halo profiles and consider different numbers of dissolving star clusters. We investigate the dependency of observable quantities with different masses and scale-lengths of the DM halo and different star formation efficiencies (SFE). We find that our proposed scenario explains many features of the classical dSph galaxies of the Milky Way, like their morphology and their dynamics. We see trends how the surface brightness and the scale-length of the luminous component vary with the parameters of our simulations. We also identify how irregularities in their shape, i.e. clumpiness and ellipticity vary in our simulations. In velocity space, we identify the parameters leading to flat velocity dispersions curves. We recognize kinematically cold substructures in velocity space, named fossil remnants and stemming from our unique initial conditions, which alter the expected results. These streaming motions are considered as a key feature for future observation with high resolution to validate our scenario.
Isolation and Screening of Native Microbial Isolates for Pectinase Activity

The aim of this study was to isolate and to screen native bacterial isolates for pectinase activity. In this experiment twenty isolates from locally available decaying fruits and vegetables were screened for pectinase activity on solid medium based on diameter of clear zone produced. Out of these two isolates P 1 and P2 which exhibited maximum pectinase activity were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as Bacillus subtilis and Streptomyces rochi. These isolates were cultured at optimum pH and temperature and enzyme assay were carried out by using DNS method. Banana juice was treated with enzymes extracted from these two isolates and its microbial cultures were used. The extent of clarification was determined by measuring the absorbance at 660nm using UV Vis spectrophotometer.
The Effect of Green Tea Waste on Growth and Health of Grass Carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus )

To investigate the effects of green tea waste on growth and health of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), Green tea waste (GTW) and green tea (GT) were added in the basal diet (BD) of fish by replacing wheat at an inclusion level of 5% to form three diets. 60 grass carp (43.8±2.8 g) were divided into three groups (each group having two replicates) and fed for 66 days. After which growth and health of fish were determined. The results showed that final weight of fish and feed efficiency ratio in GTW group were between BD and GT groups and they were not different compared with BD or with GT groups. Expression of muscle myf5 and myf6 in GTW were between BD and GT group, being significantly lower than BD group. Serum TP, ALB, GLO, HDL, LDL and T-AOC in GTW group were significantly higher than BD group. Expression of hsp 70 and ubiquitin in hepatopancreas of fish in GTW group were significantly higher than BD group. The results suggest that GTW supplementation has positive impact on health of fish without affecting the growth of fish.
The dual topology for the principal and discrete series on semisimple groups

For a locally compact group G, the dual space G is the set of unitary equivalence classes of irreducible unitary representations equipped with the hullkernel topology. We prove three results about G in the case that G is a semisimple Lie group: (1) the irreducible principal series forms a Hausdorff subspace of G; (2) the "discrete series" of square-integrable representations does in fact inherit the discrete topology from G; (3) the topology of the reduced dual Gr, that is the support of the Plancherel measure, is computed explicitly for split-rank 1 groups.
Statistical properties of cloud lifecycles in cloud-resolving models

Abstract. A new technique is described for the analysis of cloud-resolving model simulations, which allows one to investigate the statistics of the lifecycles of cumulus clouds. Clouds are tracked from timestep to timestep within the model run. This allows for a very simple method of tracking, but one which is both comprehensive and robust. An approach for handling cloud splits and mergers is described which allows clouds with simple and complicated time histories to be compared within a single framework. This is found to be important for the analysis of an idealized simulation of radiative-convective equilibrium, in which the moist, buoyant updrafts (i.e., the convective cores) were tracked. Around half of all such cores were subject to splits and mergers during their lifecycles. For cores without any such events, the average lifetime is 30 min, but events can lengthen the typical lifetime considerably.
Demonic attributions in non-delusional disorders

Objective: The belief in demonic influence has repeatedly been described as a delusion in schizophrenic patients. The goal of this explorative study was to examine the frequency, as well as the psychodynamic and social functions of such beliefs in a sample of non-delusional patients. Method: The sample consisted of 343 psychiatric outpatients who described themselves as religious. In semi-structured interviews they were asked on their view of demonic causality of their illness. Results: A high prevalence of such beliefs was not only found in schizophrenic patients (56 percent) but also in the following groups of nondelusional patients: affective disorders (29 percent), anxiety disorders (48 percent), personality disorders (37 percent) and adjustment disorders (23 percent). The belief in demonic oppression tended to be associated with lower educational level and rural origin, and was significantly influenced by church affiliation. Conclusions: Beliefs in possession or demonic influence are not confined to delusional disorders, and should not be qualified as a mere delusion. Rather they have to be interpreted against the cultural and religious background which is shaping causal models of mental distress in the individual. DEMONIC ATTRIBUTIONS IN NON-DELUSIONAL DISORDERS 2
Telomeres and Genomic Instability from Precancerous Lesions to Advanced Cancer – Understanding Through Ovarian Cancer

Genetic instability plays an important role in ovarian carcinogenesis. Genetic instability is one of the characteristics shared by most human cancers and seems to exist (at various levels) at all stages of the disease, from precancerous lesions to advanced cancer. It is pos‐ sible that this instability is one of the first trigger events, which would facilitate the subse‐ quent establishment of all the other cancer hallmarks. Telomere shortening appears to take place in most human preinvasive epithelial lesions: short telomeres are found in up to 88% of early precancerous conditions of the bladder, cervix, colon, esophagus, or pros‐ tate. However, little is known about ovarian carcinogenesis and telomere shortening. Re‐ cent evidence has shown that the fallopian tube may be the origin of ovarian cancer. A new tubal carcinogenic sequence has been described with precancerous lesions that could metastasize to the ovary and result in invasive ovarian cancer. In this review, we will de‐ scribe the degree of telomere shortening and genomic instability (estimated by the ex‐ pression of DNA damage response proteins, such as H2AX, Chk2, ATM, 53BP1, p53, and TRF2, and by array comparative genomic hybridization) in early preinvasive stages of ovarian cancer (serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC)), ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma, and benign controls. Given that STICs have the shortest telomeres, they could be in a telomere crisis phase preceding genomic stabilization due to telomerase activation (see appended diagram). Concordant results were obtained in immunohistochemical and molecular studies. The expression of all DNA damage proteins increased from benign fal‐ lopian tubes to STICs suggesting an early activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) pathways in STICs and indicating that genomic instability may occur early in the precan‐ cerous lesions of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC). In this chapter, we propose to review current knowledge about the function of human telomeres and telomerase and their relevance in genomic instability in cancer and to focus on specific results for ovarian cancer.
Zr-LREE rich minerals in residual peraluminous granulites , another factor in the origin of low Zr-LREE granitic melts ?

There is a significant emichrnent in some trace elements in the major residual minerals of peraluminous granulite xenoliths from the lower crust. Those trace elements are released from the breakdown of accessory phases at high-T granulite-facies conditions (>850 CC). Around 10 35% of Zr is hosted in granulite rutile and garnet, whereas, the entire LREE Eu budget is controlled by feldspar. The Zrand REE-compatible behaviour of the major granulite phases, combined with the scarcity of accessory phases, which are mostly included in major granulite minerals, leads to a disequilibrium in accessory dissolution in the peraluminous partial melts. Thus the melt extracts less Zr and LREE and, consequently, generates the false impression of having lower-T when applying current accessory phase dissolution models.
Effects of a Personal Goal Management Program on School and Football Self-Determination Motivation and Satisfaction of Newcomers within a Football Training Centre

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a personal goal-based intervention on school and football self-determination motivation and satisfaction of newcomers within football training centres. Twenty-three trainees were divided randomly into two groups, either a treatment group or a control group. The treatment proposed to the participants was the Personal Goal Management Program. Trainees’ school and football motivation and satisfaction were measured before, during and after the intervention. Results indicated a beneficial influence on football motivation and satisfaction, and overall trainee satisfaction. Methodological and applied suggestions are made to favour adjustment of newcomers within football training centre.
Stability of scrape-off layer plasma: A modified Rayleigh–Bénard problem

We present an extensive linear stability analysis of a two-dimensional fluid model used to study the plasma dynamics in the scrape-off layer of tokamaks. The model equations are based on the Braginskii fluid equations under the assumptions of drift ordering and electrostatic plasma. The model also employs the commonly used slab geometry approximation, whereby the magnetic field is assumed constant and straight, with the effects of curvature reintroduced as effective gravitational terms. We study the linear instability in the system by solving a boundary value problem, thereby extending previous studies, which focused on a local analysis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the governing plasma equations for the scrape-off layer can be viewed as describing a thermal convection problem with additional effects. The new features include a non-uniform basic state gradient, linear damping terms, and additional advective terms. We characterize the conditions at the onset of instability and perform an extensive parameter scan to describe how the stability threshold varies as a function of plasma parameters.
Photoionized gas in hydrostatic equilibrium: the role of gravity

We present a method to include the effects of gravity in the plasma physics code cloudy. More precisely, a term is added to the desired gas pressure in order to enforce hydrostatic equilibrium, accounting for both the self-gravity of the gas and the presence of an optional external potential. As a test case, a plane-parallel model of the vertical structure of the Milky Way disc near the solar neighbourhood is considered. It is shown that the gravitational force determines the scaleheight of the disc, and it plays a critical role in setting its overall chemical composition. However, other variables, such as the shape of incident continuum and the intensity of the Galactic magnetic field, strongly affect the predicted structure.
Influence of Exercise Mode on Post-exercise Arterial Stiffness and Pressure Wave Measures in Healthy Adult Males

Background: Exercise mode has been reported to be an important determinant of arterial stiffness and wave reflection changes following a brief bout of exercise with inconsistent results to date. This study examined the impact of exercise mode on arterial stiffness and pressure wave measures following acute aerobic exercise (AER), resistance exercise (RES), and a control (CON) condition with no exercise. Methods: In a randomized, cross-over, repeated measures design, 21 healthy adult males (26.7 ± 7.2 years) undertook three experimental intervention sessions: AER (30-min cycle ergometry at 70–75% maximum heart rate), RES (3 × 10 repetitions of six upper and lower body exercises at 80–90% of 10-repetition maximum) and CON (30-min seated rest). Measures of arterial stiffness and pressure waves, such as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), augmentation index (AIx), AIx corrected for heart rate of 75 (AIx75), and forward wave (Pf), backward wave (Pb) and reflection magnitude, were assessed at Rest and at 10-min intervals for 60 min after the intervention sessions. Comparisons between interventions and over time were assessed via repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's tests. Results: No significant differences in cf-PWV were noted between the three interventions at rest or post-intervention. However, RES led to significantly greater post-intervention AIx, AIx75, Pf, and Pb compared to AER and CON with AIx75 also remaining significantly elevated throughout the post-intervention period. In contrast, AER resulted in a brief, significant elevation of AIx75 and no change in cf-PWV, Pf, Pb, and reflection magnitude. Conclusions: Exercise mode, specifically RES and AER, significantly influenced the time course of pressure wave reflection responses following a brief bout of exercise in healthy adult males. Distinct adjustments during exercise including changes in blood pressure and vasomotor tone may be key modulators of post-exercise arterial function. Identification of modal differences may assist in understanding the impact of exercise on cardiovascular function and the mechanisms by which exercise benefits vascular health.
Pilot CEOs and Corporate Innovation

We find evidence that chief executive officers’ (CEOs’) hobby of flying airplanes is associated with significantly better innovation outcomes, measured by patents and citations, greater innovation effectiveness, and more diverse and original patents. We rule out alternative explanations, leading us to conclude that CEO pilot credentials capture the personality trait of sensation seeking. Sensation seeking combines risk taking with a desire to pursue novel experiences and has been associated with creativity. Our evidence highlights sensation seeking as a valuable personality trait that can be used to identify CEOs who are likely to drive innovation success.
The limiting absorption principle for the two-dimensional inhomogeneous anisotropic elasticity system

In this work we establish the limiting absorption principle for the two-dimensional steady-state elasticity system in an inhomogeneous anisotropic medium. We then use the limiting absorption principle to prove the existence of a radiation solution to the exterior Dirichlet or Neumann boundary value problems for such a system. In order to define the radiation solution, we need to impose certain appropriate radiation conditions at infinity. It should be remarked that even though in this paper we assume that the medium is homogeneous outside of a large domain, it still preserves anisotropy. Thus the classical Kupradze's radiation conditions for the isotropic system are not suitable in our problem and new radiation conditions are required. The uniqueness of the radiation solution plays a key role in establishing the limiting absorption principle. To prove the uniqueness of the radiation solution, we make use of the unique continuation property, which was recently obtained by the authors. The study of this work is motivated by related inverse problems in the anisotropic elasticity system. The existence and uniqueness of the radiation solution are fundamental questions in the investigation of inverse problems.
Effect of Distraction Techniques on Minimizing Pain Associated With Burn Dressing Changes among Preschool Children

Background: Pain related to burn dressing is the most extensively aspect of burn pain. Pain management is an integral component of nursing practice. Distraction can be increasingly used as pain reducing methods. Aim of the study: the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of distraction techniques on minimizing pain associated with burn dressing changes among preschool children. A quasi experimental design was conducted in the present study. Sample: 105 burned children were randomized into three equal groups; 35 child per group: video game group (I), toys group (II) and control group (III). Setting: burn unit of Al-Ahrar Educational Zagazig Hospital. Tools: Three tools were used in the present study as follows; questionnaire interview sheet, burn assessment sheet and pain assessment tool using Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS) to evaluate pain intensity. Results: revealed that there was statistically significant difference between physiological responses and pain intensity during dressing change in study and control groups. Conclusion: distraction techniques using videogames and toys had a significant positive effect in minimizing pain associated with burn dressing change among preschool children. Recommendations: Based on the results of the present study distraction techniques should be integrated into the routine nursing care with combination of pharmacological methods as well as application of non-pharmacological pain management in hospitals as a routine and daily care.
Role of Participatory Management in the Sustainability of Constituency Development Fund Projects: A Case Study of Maragua Constituency

In the light of bureaucratic governance hitherto observed, introduction of Constituency Development Fund (CDF) in Kenya was viewed as a sovereign panacea to the dwarfed and imbalanced local level development that was then common place. In spite of this heavy billing however, impacts accruing from the initiatives remain a pale shadow of the anticipated with a number of them ending up being ‘white elephants’ and majority recording low sustainability levels. This research sought to determine contribution of Participatory Management in influencing determinants of Constituency Development Fund projects’ sustainability. The research study adopted a case study design with target population being CDF project stakeholders within Maragua constituency in Kenya. Semi-structured questionnaire was administered to a sample of 89 stakeholders randomly selected from stratified target population distributed across the constituency. Descriptive and inferential data analysis was then applied to determine and assess the relationships through SPSS Version 20.0. The analysis showed that Participatory Management is crucial in inculcating the determinants of sustainability in CDF projects. However, the findings further showed that there was very little stakeholder participation in the entire cycle management of the projects within Maragua Constituency which contributed to low ownership of the projects. The research recommends review of CDF policy to expressly capture procedures of stakeholder engagement. The research further recommends elaborate documentation of data generated from participatory exercises in form of lessons learnt.