Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parents’ Aggressive Influences and Children's Aggressive Problem Solutions With Peers

This study examined children's aggressive and assertive solutions to hypothetical peer scenarios in relation to parents’responses to similar hypothetical social scenarios and parents’actual marital aggression. The study included 118 children ages 9 to 10 years old and their mothers and fathers. Children's aggressive solutions correlated with same-sex parents’ actual marital aggression. For children with mothers who exhibited low actual marital aggression, mothers’ aggressive solutions to hypothetical situations corresponded with children's tendencies to propose aggressive but not assertive solutions. In a 3-way interaction, fathers’ aggressive solutions to peer scenarios and marital aggression, combined, exacerbated girls’ aggressive problem solving but had the opposite effect for boys. We address the complexity, particularly with respect to parent and child gender combinations, in understanding parents’ aggressive influences on children's peer relationships.
Lower bounds for data structure problems on RAMs

A technique is described for deriving lower bounds and tradeoffs for data structure problems. Two quantities are defined. The output variability depends only on the model of computation. It characterizes in some sense the power of a model. The problem variability depends only on the problem under consideration. It characterizes in some sense the difficulty of the problem. The first theorem states that if a model's output variability is smaller than the problem variability, a lower bound on the worst case (average case) time for the problem follows. A RAM that can add, subtract and compare unbounded integers is considered. The second theorem gives an upper bound on the output variability of this model. The two theorems are used to derive lower bounds for the union-find problem in this RAM. <<ETX>>
Prognosis of 2009 A(H1N1) Influenza in Hospitalized Pregnant Women in a Context of Early Diagnosis and Antiviral Therapy

Background Initial reports suggested that novel A(H1N1) influenza virus (2009 A[H1N1]v) infection was significantly more severe in pregnant than in non-pregnant women. In Spain, antiviral therapy was recommended for pregnant women from the beginning of the 2009 pandemic. Methods The prospective cohort study included consecutive pregnant and non-pregnant women of reproductive age with a proven diagnosis of 2009 A(H1N1)v admitted to any of the 13 participating Spanish hospitals between 12 June and 10 November 2009. Results In total, 98 pregnant and 112 non-pregnant women with proven 2009 A(H1N1)v hospitalized during the study period were included. Influenza was more severe among non-pregnant patients than pregnant patients with respect to outcomes of both intensive care unit admission (18% versus 2%; P<0.001) and death (5 versus 0; P=0.06). Pregnant women had fewer associated comorbid conditions other than pregnancy (18% versus 44%; P<0.001); they were also admitted earlier than non-pregnant women (median days since onset of symptoms: 2 versus 3; P<0.001) and a higher percentage received early antiviral therapy (41% versus 28%; P=0.03). Neither a multivariate nor a matched cohort analysis found pregnancy to be associated with greater severity than that associated with hospitalized, seriously ill non-pregnant women. Conclusions 2009 A(H1N1)v influenza was not associated with worse outcomes in hospitalized pregnant women compared with non-pregnant ones of reproductive age in a context of early diagnosis and antiviral therapy.
Does the Length of Intubation Affect the Success of Treatment for Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction?

Purpose: To compare success rates of intubation for 2 versus 5 months in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children between 15 and 30 months of age. Methods: This prospective, randomized study evaluated drainage function in 145 eyes of children aged between 15 and 30 months and treated for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction using silicone stents with the fluorescein dye disappearance test. The tubes were removed 2 months (group I, 48 eyes) and 5 months (group II, 47 eyes) after stent placement. Thereafter, the children were followed for 6 months after tube removal. Fifty eyes were excluded from the study because of incomplete follow-up. Results: The full resolution of symptoms (fluorescein test 0–1) was 33 of 48 in group I and 33 of 47 in group II at the time of tube removal (2 vs. 5 months). Six months after tube removal, the success rate was 43 of 48 (89.6%) in group I and 43 of 47 (91.5%) in group II. After the stents were removed, no relapses were observed in children having a fluorescein test 0–1 with the tubes remaining in the lacrimal system. Conclusions: The effects of intubation for 2 versus 5 months on the function of the nasolacrimal duct during and after intubation in children between 15 and 30 months of age are comparable. The fluorescein dye disappearance test is the test of choice for monitoring lacrimal drainage function.
Performance analysis of spatially modulated differential chaos shift keying modulation

: A high-data-rate differential chaos shift keying (DCSK) scheme based on spatial modulation (SM), spatially modulated DCSK (SM-DCSK), is proposed. By employing multiple transmit antennas and using transmit antenna index as information-carrying unit, the proposed scheme offers a higher data rate compared with the conventional DCSK scheme. In particular, with two transmit antennas, the proposed scheme transmits a DCSK modulated bit from a selected antenna and hence can double the data rate. At the receiver, the maximum received signal is used to retrieve the block of transmitted bits. Mathematical expression for the conditional error probability of the proposed system is derived based on Gaussian approximation. The error probability of the antenna number estimation and the error probability of the transmitted bit estimation are evaluated numerically. Symbol error rate of the proposed scheme is compared with that of the quadrature chaos shift keying scheme. Numerical and simulation results are presented as a function of system parameters.
Cultivation of human immunodeficiency virus from whole blood: Effect of anticoagulant and inoculum size on virus growth

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was cultivated directly from whole blood treated with anticoagulant by cocultivation with phytohaemagglutinin‐stimulated cord blood lymphocytes. When heparin was used as the anticoagulant, isolation rates were low (10% to 56%, depending on the patient group); but when EDTA was used, isolation rates were much higher (50% to 100%). Culture of whole blood gave results identical to those of culture of separated peripheral mononuclear cells, and in some cases virus could be isolated from as little as 10 μl of unseparated EDTA anticoagulated blood.
Stability of Topological Persistence for Domains

Abstract : Scalar functions defined on a topological space omega are at the core of many applications such as shape matching, visualization and physical simulations. Topological persistence is an approach to characterizing these functions. It measures how long topological structures in the level sets {x epsilon omega: f(x) =c} persist as changes. Recently it was shown that the critical values defining a topological structure with relatively large persistence remain almost unaffected by small perturbations. This result suggests that topological persistence is a good measure for matching and comparing scalar functions.
Transgenerational effects of caloric restriction on appetite: a meta‐analysis

Maternal undernutrition can result in significant alterations to the post‐natal offspring phenotype, including body size and behaviour. For example, maternal food restriction has been implicated in offspring hyperphagia, potentially causing increased weight gain and fat accumulation. This could result in obesity and other adverse long‐term health effects in offspring. We investigated the link between maternal caloric restriction during gestation and offspring appetite by conducting the first meta‐analysis on this topic using experimental data from mammalian laboratory models (i.e. rats and mice). We collected 89 effect sizes from 35 studies, together with relevant moderators. Our analysis revealed weak and statistically non‐significant overall effect on offspring's appetite. However, we found that lower protein content of restricted diets is associated with higher food intake in female offspring. Importantly, we show that a main source of variation among studies arises from whether, and how, food intake was adjusted for body mass. This probably explains many of the contradictory results in the field. Based on our results, we recommend using allometric scaling of food intake to body mass in future studies.
Male preference for female pubic hair: an evolutionary view.

SUMMARY The ectoparasite avoidance hypothesis proposes that human hairlessness was favoured by sexual selection, because hairless individuals suffered from lower parasite loads. Females have seemingly less hairy bodies than men suggesting that the selection toward hairlessness is more intense in females than in males. This study examined male preference for hairy and shaved female genitalia. Pubic hair, although still functional in terms of dissipation of phermononal secretions, was perceived by heterosexual males recruited in the university (age range: 19-38 years, N = 96) as much less attractive as shaved female genitalia. Males who were more disgust sensitive and those who were sexually unrestricted showed a stronger preference for shaved genitalia than others. Self-reported frequency of pornography consumption was associated, contrary to expectations, with a stronger preference for hairy genitalia which suggests that this may be a result of negative frequency dependent selection. Older males also preferred hairy genitalia more than younger males. Overall, these results suggest that a preference for shaved genitalia may be explained by the superficial resemblance of pubic hair with chest hair, which is less developed as in our evolutionary past, perhaps due to the benefits associated with ectoparasite avoidance.
LR-SPP Mode Cutoff in Strip Waveguides as Affected by Technologically Induced Asymmetries: A Numerical Study

We conducted a numerical analysis on the cutoff conditions for long-range surface plasmon-polariton in plasmonic strip waveguides at λ = 1.55 μm. Several aspects related to the technological process of realization of the waveguides have been considered. The joint effects of dielectric asymmetries between upper and lower claddings and layering of the strip metallic core in affecting propagation parameters are highlighted.
Response of muscle protein synthesis to fasting in suckling and weaned rats.

Protein synthetic efficiency (KRNA) is low in immature skeletal muscle of suckling rats and increases toward the end of the suckling period. To determine whether immature skeletal muscle is able to further reduce KRNA in response to fasting, suckling (5, 10, and 16 days of age) and weaned (28 days of age) rats were fed, fasted for 10 h, or fasted for 18 h and injected with a flooding dose of L-[4-3H]phenylalanine for measurement of muscle protein synthesis in vivo. In fed rats, fractional rates of protein synthesis (KS) and protein synthetic capacity decreased during the suckling period. KRNA increased toward the end of the suckling period. In 5-day-old rats, fasting for 10 h produced a 50% decline in KS of extensor digitorum longus and plantaris muscles, but KS did not change further after 18 h of fasting. In older suckled and weaned rats, 10 h of fasting decreased KS of extensor digitorum longus and plantaris muscles 30%; after 18 h of fasting, values had declined to 50% of those in fed animals. The reductions in KS in soleus muscles with 10 and 18 h of fasting were similar to those in other muscles at 5 and 10 days but were less than those in other muscles at 16 and 28 days. Changes in KRNA were similar to those for KS in all muscles from all age groups fasted for 10 and 18 h. Protein synthetic capacity decreased approximately 12% after 18 h of fasting, but this effect did not differ between age groups or muscle types. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Effect of Plyometric Training on Power and Kicking Distance in Female Adolescent Soccer Players

Rubley, MD, Haase, AC, Holcomb, WR, Girouard, TJ, and Tandy, RD. The effect of plyometric training on power and kicking distance in female adolescent soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 25(1): 129-134, 2011-The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of low-frequency, low-impact plyometric training on vertical jump (VJ) and kicking distance in female adolescent soccer players. Sixteen adolescent soccer players were studied (age 13.4 ± 0.5 years) across 14 weeks. The control group (general soccer training only) had 6 subjects, and the plyometric training (general soccer training plus plyometric exercise) group had 10 subjects. All subjects were tested for VJ and kicking distance on 3 occasions: pre-test, 7 weeks, and 14 weeks. Data were analyzed using a 2 (Training) × 3 (Test) analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures on the factor test. No significant difference in kicking distance was found between groups at pre-test (p = 0.688) or 7 weeks (p = 0.117). The plyometric group had significantly greater kicking distance after 14 weeks (p < 0.001). No significant difference in VJ height was found between groups at pre-test (p = 0.837) or 7 weeks (p = 0.108). The plyometric group had a significantly higher VJ after 14 weeks (p = 0.014). These results provide strength coaches with a safe and effective alternative to high-intensity plyometric training. Based on these findings, to increase lower-body power resulting in increased VJ and kicking distance, strength coaches should implement once-weekly, low-impact plyometric training programs with their adolescent athletes.
Cataract development in diabetic sand rats treated with alpha-lipoic acid and its gamma-linolenic acid conjugate.

BACKGROUND Diabetes commonly leads to long-term complications such as cataract. This study investigated the effects of alpha-lipoic acid (LPA) and its gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) conjugate on cataract development in diabetic sand rats. METHODS Two separate experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, sand rats were fed a "high-energy" diet (70% starch), an acute model of Type 2 diabetes, and injected with LPA. In Experiment 2, the animals received a "medium-energy" diet (59% starch), a chronic diabetic model, and were intubated with LPA or its GLA conjugate. Throughout the experiments, blood glucose levels and cataract development were measured. At the termination of the experiments, lens aldose reductase (AR) activity and lenticular reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were analyzed. RESULTS LPA injection significantly inhibited cataract development and reduced blood glucose levels in rats fed the "high-energy" diet. Lens AR activity tended to be lower, while lenticular GSH levels increased. In sand rats fed a "medium-energy" diet (59% starch), LPA intubation had no effect on blood glucose levels and cataract development but GSH levels were increased. In contrast, sand rats intubated with GLA conjugate showed the highest blood glucose levels and accelerated cataract development. The conjugate treatment also decreased lenticular GSH content. CONCLUSIONS The hypoglycemic effects of LPA are beneficial in the prevention of acute symptoms of Type 2 diabetes. It remains to be shown that the antioxidant activity of LPA is responsible for prevention or inhibition of cataract progression in sand rats.
Too Little or Too Much Like the Bible? A Novel Critique of the Book of Mormon Involving David and the Psalms

Page 1/20 10/26/2019 https://journal.interpreterfoundation. org/too-little-or-too-much-like-the-bible-a-novel-critique-of-the-book-of-mormon-involving-david-and-the-psalms/ Abstract: A recent graduate thesis proposes an intriguing new means for discerning if the Book of Mormon is historic or not. By looking at Book of Mormon references to David and the Psalms, the author concludes that it cannot be the product of an ancient Jewish people and that it is, instead, the result of Joseph Smith’s “plagiarism” from the Bible and other sources. This paper examines the author’s claims, how they are applied to the Book of Mormon, and proposes points the author does not take into consideration. While the author is to be congratulated for taking a fresh perspective on the Book of Mormon, ultimately his methodology fails and his conclusions fall flat.
Commercial banks in microfinance : new actors in the microfinance world

Commercial banks have been so notably absent from micro-finance. In their absence, a large number of non-governmental organizations and other specialized institutions have created financial technologies that serve increasing number of the poor and sustain loan repayment rates. Now commercial banks in developing countries have begun to see micro-finance not only as a valuable public relations tool but a profitable venture. In 1996, the U. S. Agency for International Development (USAID) sponsored a conference to examine the expansion of banking services to microenterprises in the developing world, the first event of its kind. The purpose of this note is to share the findings of a survey of the banks that were presented in a study published by USAID.
The Guandimiao Bone Assemblage (and What it Says about the Shang Economy)

abstract:The Anyang period village of Guandimiao—the only nearly completely excavated village in China of its time—is crucially important for understanding nonurban, nonelites in North China at the end of the second millennium b.c.e. Guandimiao was a small village that specialized in ceramic production, which indicates a hitherto unsuspected degree of economic specialization and integration in the Shang countryside. One line of evidence supporting an argument for economic integration between the urban center at Anyang and the countryside comes from the bone artifact assemblage recovered from the site. The Guandimiao bone artifact assemblage can be divided into four groups, each revealing a different path of production and distribution. One of these paths of production and distribution leads from this tiny village to Great Settlement Shang and its huge bone workshops some 200 km away.
Bone formation in vivo: comparison of osteogenesis by transplanted mouse and human marrow stromal fibroblasts.

BACKGROUND Marrow stromal fibroblasts (MSFs) are known to contain bone precursor cells. However, the osteogenic potential of human MSFs has been poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to compare the osteogenic capacity of mouse and human MSFs after implantation in vivo. METHODS After in vitro expansion, MSFs were loaded into a number of different vehicles and transplanted subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice. RESULTS Mouse MSFs transplanted within gelatin, polyvinyl sponges, and collagen matrices all formed a capsule of cortical-like bone surrounding a cavity with active hematopoiesis. In transplants of MSFs from transgenic mice harboring type I procollagen-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase constructs, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity was maintained for up to 14 weeks, indicating prolonged bone formation by transplanted MSFs. New bone formation by human MSFs was more dependent on both the in vitro expansion conditions and transplantation vehicles. Within gelatin, woven bone was observed sporadically and only after culture in the presence of dexamethasone and L-ascorbic acid phosphate magnesium salt n-hydrate. Consistent bone formation by human MSFs was achieved only within vehicles containing hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate ceramics (HA/TCP) in the form of blocks, powder, and HA/TCP powder-type I bovine fibrillar collagen strips, and bone was maintained for at least 19 weeks. Cells of the new bone were positive for human osteonectin showing their donor origin. HA/TCP powder, the HA/TCP powder-type I bovine fibrillar collagen strips, and HA/TCP powder held together with fibrin were easier to load and supported more extensive osteogenesis than HA/TCP blocks and thus may be more applicable for therapeutic use. CONCLUSIONS In this article, we describe the differences in the requirements for mouse and human MSFs to form bone, and report the development of a methodology for the consistent in vivo generation of extensive bone from human MSFs.
Study of Multiple-Drug Resistance Transfer Factors from Isolated E. coli of Poultry Farms to Salmonella typhimurium

Different studies on animals in around the world show that there are multiple-drug resistance in strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli). Such microorganisms are notorious for the extension of colibacillosis in poultry, which great economic losses bring for the poultry industry. This study was carried out to determine drug resistance and resistance factor transfer in E. coli strains isolated from poultry farms, in south west of Iran. Than 100 pieces of poultry carcasses from cases of colibacilosis twenty-five E. coli resistant to one or more antibiotics were isolated and were analyzed to determine their drug resistance pattern and also transfer of resistance factor via conjugation. The highest rate of resistance was against nalidixic acid and tetracycline. Multiple drug resistance was shown in 80% of strains. By using Salmonella typhimurium RITCC1730 (S. typhimurium) as a recipient and E. coli as donor's resistance factor examined the transfer of drug resistance that the highest rate of transfer was related to neomycin and tiamulin 68% and 64%, respectively. Finally, we concluded that there are a substantially evidence of multiple drug resistance in E. coli isolates taken from poultry farms, so in our opinion restricting use of antibiotics and performing antimicrobial susceptibility tests to select suitable antibiotic can decrease developing of resistant strains.