Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phenomenological Model of Barkhausen Noise Under Mechanical and Magnetic Excitations

Post-treatment and rescaling is made possible to plot local hysteresis cycles from the measurement of local magnetic Barkhausen noise (BN). If the material is homogeneous and if similar excitation conditions are imposed, the local hysteresis cycles obtained are comparable to the classical magnetic hysteresis cycles <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B(H)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (the cross section magnetic average induction <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B$ </tex-math></inline-formula> as a function of the surface tangential excitation field <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). These local BN hysteresis cycles provide interesting clues about the evolution of the microstructure of the magnetic material (internal stresses, level of degradation, etc.). This makes it an interesting tool for the non-destructive evaluation of ferromagnetic steels. In this paper, a phenomenological modeling of the BN from the local modeling of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B$ </tex-math></inline-formula> subjected to an excitation field <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and/or a uniaxial mechanical stress <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is proposed. The final objective is to provide an absolute quantification of the internal residual stresses from the BN measurements.
Improving Early Head Start’s Impacts on Parenting Through Attachment-Based Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial

This randomized controlled trial tested an enhanced model of Early Head Start (EHS) that combined home-based EHS with Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-up (ABC; Dozier & Bernard, 2017), a brief, attachment-based intervention. The trial included 208 low-income mothers (87% Latina) and their 6- to 18-month-old infants. Control participants received home-based EHS plus 10 weekly books. Follow-up observations revealed positive impacts of the enhanced EHS plus ABC model on maternal sensitivity/responsiveness, intrusiveness, and positive regard (ds = 0.23–0.77). Exploratory analyses of moderated effects suggested stronger impacts for those mothers who began the study with greater intrusiveness or who described their adult attachment style as secure or anxious. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for improving effects on parenting of publicly funded programs designed to support early development.
A Dynamic Composition Mechanism of Security Service Chaining Oriented to SDN/NFV-Enabled Networks

With the large-scale commercial application of data center networks, the security problem of data center network is attracting more and more attention. However, security functions are usually placed on proprietary hardware, which makes the delivery of security service inflexible and of high cost. The emerging software-defined networking and network function virtualization in a joint manner are promising technology that can solve these outlined problems through a process named security service chaining (SSC) composition. Determining the composition of SSC that optimizes the resource allocation is a challenging problem, particularly without violating security and resource requirements. This problem is called the dynamic SSC composition problem, and an integer linear programming formulation with implementation in GLPK is provided. A novel heuristic solution is provided based on the breadth first search algorithm. The obtained experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can perform better than the compared ones, and the advantage of the proposed mechanism is also demonstrated via NetFPGA-10G prototype.
Effect of Annealing on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of CoMnSi

This paper reports a comparative study of the magnetization, magnetocaloric effects, and crystal lattices of an as-cast sample and an annealed sample of the CoMnSi compound. Magnetic measurements showed that the annealed sample has high magnetization and a doubled maximum magnetic entropy change with respect to the as-cast sample. X-ray diffraction studies determined that both samples crystallize into an orthorhombic lattice. However, there are remarkable differences in the lattice parameters and one of the nearest Mn–Mn distances between the samples. Spectroscopic measurements of the X-ray absorption near-edge structure revealed that Co–Si bonds of the annealed sample are shorter than those of the as-cast sample due to stronger <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${d}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> hybridization of Co and Si atoms, while other chemical bonds do not show any difference. It is concluded that high-temperature annealing enhances ferromagnetic interactions in the lattice of CoMnSi by chemical ordering of Co atoms.
A microfluidic chip-based co-culture of fibroblast-like synoviocytes with osteoblasts and osteoclasts to test bone erosion and drug evaluation

Targeting fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) migration and invasion-mediated bone erosion is a promising clinical strategy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Drug sensitivity testing is fundamental to this scheme. We designed a microfluidic chip-based, cell co-cultured platform to mimic RA FLS-mediated bone erosion and perform drug-sensitive assay. Human synovium SW982 cells were cultured in the central channel and migrated to flow through matrigel-coated side channels towards cell culture chamber where RANKL-stimulated osteoclastic RAW264.7 and osteogenic medium (OS)-stimulated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) were cultured in the microfluidic chip device, mimicking FLS migration and invasion-mediated bone erosion in RA. These SW982 cells showed different migration potentials to osteoclasts and BMSC. The migration of SW982 cells with high expression of cadherin-11 was more potent when SW982 cells were connected with the co-culture of RAW264.7 and BMSC. Simultaneously, in the co-cultured chamber, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity of RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells was enhanced, but alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was decreased in comparison with mono-cultured chamber. Furthermore, it was confirmed that celastrol, a positive drug for the treatment of RA, inhibited SW982 cell migration as well as TRAP activity in the cell-cultured microfluidic chips. Thus, the migration and invasion to bone-related cells was reconstituted on the microfluidic model. It may provide an effective anti-RA drug screen model for targeting FLS migration-mediated bone erosion.
Performance of EH Protocols in Two-Hop Networks With a Battery-Assisted EH Relay

In this paper, we compare the performance of time-switching relaying (TSR) and power-splitting relaying (PSR) protocols in two-hop networks with a battery-assisted energy-harvesting (EH) amplify-and-forward relay. In this battery-assisted relay framework, the EH relay augments the harvested energy with energy drawn from a battery. Using expressions derived for throughput and average battery energy consumption, we investigate maximization of throughput for given battery energy availability per time slot and minimization of battery energy consumption for target throughput requirement. When only statistical channel knowledge is available, PSR results in better throughput performance at practical signal-to-noise ratios. However, in the typical low battery energy and low target throughput regime, it is TSR that is more battery energy efficient. When second-hop instantaneous channel knowledge is available, we observe dramatical energy savings that increases lifetime of nodes. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate accuracy of the derived expressions.
Statistical and Numerical Robust State Estimator for Heavily Loaded Power Systems

Real-time state information provided by the state estimator plays a major role in power system monitoring and control. As a result, the convergence of the estimator under various system operating conditions becomes one of the key requirements. In this paper, a state estimation framework that achieves both statistical and numerical robustness is proposed. This estimation framework also generalizes several well-known estimators, including the weighted least squares estimator, the least absolute value estimator, the Huber Maximum-likelihood-estimator, and the Schweppe-type Huber generalized Maximum-likelihood (SHGM)-estimator. The statistical robustness of each estimator has been studied analytically through the total influence function. In addition, the dependence between the statistical robustness of an estimator and the numerical robustness of the iterative algorithm is investigated. To enhance the numerical robustness of the iterative algorithm that solves the SHGM-estimator, a fourth-order Levenberg–Marquardt approach-based SHGM (LM-SHGM) estimator is proposed. It integrates the statistical robustness of that estimator to address various types of bad data and the numerical robustness of the LM approach to handle highly stressed operating conditions. Numerical results carried out on the IEEE test systems demonstrate the good convergence and robustness of the proposed approach under various operating conditions.
Equal-Gain Transmission in Massive MIMO Systems Under Ricean Fading

This paper considers a multicell downlink (DL) massive MIMO system operating over Ricean fading channels in which each base station (BS) is equipped with a massive antenna array, while each user has a single antenna. We explore equal-gain transmission (EGT), line-of-sight (LOS) component-based EGT (LOS-EGT) and maximum-ratio transmission (MRT) under imperfect channel state information. Closed-form expressions for lower bounds of the achievable rates are derived for EGT over Ricean and Rayleigh fading channels, and for LOS-EGT and MRT over Ricean fading channels. With the obtained closed-form expressions, various power scaling laws concerning DL data transmit power and uplink (UL) pilot transmit power are established and discussed. In particular, it is found that, as the number of BS antennas <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$</tex-math></inline-formula> grows unlimited, the lower bounds on the rates achieved with EGT, LOS-EGT and MRT schemes approach infinity and are not affected by pilot contamination, while the DL data transmit power and UL pilot transmit power can be scaled down proportionally to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${M^{ -a}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${M^{ - b}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> (where <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0 \leq a < 1$</tex-math> </inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$b > 0$</tex-math></inline-formula>), respectively. Numerical results corroborate the tightness and accuracy of these closed-form expressions and they also show that, when the number of antennas and intercell interference level are large, compared to the MRT, EGT and LOS-EGT are more resistant to intercell interference and pilot contamination.
UMD-MEN1 Database: An Overview of the 370 MEN1 Variants Present in 1676 Patients From the French Population

Context Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations in the MEN1 gene characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, of which the most frequent are primary hyperparathyroidism, pituitary adenomas, and neuroendocrine tumors. Objective The aim of this work was to facilitate interpretation of variants and improve the genetic counseling and medical care of families of patients with MEN1. Design, Setting, and Patients The TENGEN network (Oncogenetics Network of Neuroendocrine Tumors) has interpreted and collected all allelic variants and clinical characteristics of the MEN1-positive patients identified through genetic testing performed in the French population from 1997 to 2015. Patients and their variants were registered in the locus-specific UMD-MEN1 database (www.umd.be/MEN1/). Main Outcomes Variant classification, age-related penetrance, and odds ratios. Results A total of 370 distinct variants reported in 1676 patients, including 181 unpublished variants, have been registered. This database analysis revealed a low frequency (6.6%) of benign or likely benign missense variants in MEN1. Eight families (1.9%) had members with familial isolated hyperparathyroidism and harbored the same mutations as that found in families with authentic MEN1. An association existed between large rearrangements and an earlier onset of the disease, whereas no difference was observed between truncating and nontruncating variants. Conclusion The UMD-MEN1 database provides an exhaustive overview of the MEN1 variants present in the French population. For each variant, a classification is publicly available. Clinical data collections allow the determination of genotype-phenotype correlation and age-related penetrance of lesions in the cohort.
The relationship amongst student nurses’ values, emotional intelligence and individualised care perceptions

Background: Students’ gaining and adopting basic professional values, improving their emotional intelligence skills during the process of nursing education plays a significant role on meeting the needs of healthy/patient individual and his or her family, and individualized care practices. Objectives: This (descriptive, correlational) research was carried out to evaluate the nursing values, emotional intelligence levels, and individualized care perceptions of senior nursing students and to determine the relationship between them. Research question: (1) What is the status of students to adopt nursing values? (2) What is the level of students’ emotional intelligence? (3) What is the students’ individualized care perception? (4) Is there a relationship between students’ nursing values, levels of emotional intelligence, and individualized perceptions of care? Participants and research context: The research was carried out with 218 senior nursing students at the Faculty of Nursing, affiliated to a state university in Istanbul, who agreed to participate in the study, completing basic nursing education in May 2017. Ethical considerations: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Clinical Investigations of the Istanbul University Dentistry Faculty. Written permission was also obtained from the institution that research would be conducted. Before the data were collected, verbal permission was obtained by the investigator. Findings: It was observed that nursing values perceptions of students, emotional intelligence levels and individualized care perceptions were at a good level and there was a supportive relationship between them in the positive direction. It was determined that emotional intelligence skills of students, adoption of nursing values and individualized care perceptions increased in parallel with each other. Conclusion: In nursing education, nursing values peculiar to affective field, caring behaviors, and emotional intelligence skills that are guiding to maintain and direct these behaviors should be gained to students by supporting with correct learning methods and role models.
Open-Phase Resonance in Shunt-Compensated AC Cable Lines

Shunt-compensated ac cable lines (CLs) are a commonly used solution for the connection of renewable energy sources, such as offshore or onshore windfarms. Three phase shunt reactors allow for a cheap and reliable compensation of the surplus reactive power generated by the power cables; however, the interphase magnetic coupling can introduce open phase resonance phenomenon, which is normally not expected to occur in underground CLs, which do not have any electrostatic coupling. Theoretical formulae for evaluating the risk of open-phase resonance in shunt compensated CLs are presented in the paper, as well as steady-state and time domain simulations using detailed cable and shunt reactor models.
Power Allocation for Energy Efficient Multiple Antenna Systems With Joint Total and Per-Antenna Power Constraints

An energy efficiency (EE) maximization problem with multiple transmit antennas (multiple-input-single-output or distributed antennas setups) is considered in this paper. Besides the constraint on the total transmit power, per-antenna transmit power constraints, and a total weighted power constraint are jointly considered. Moreover, a quality-of-service constraint is also considered. Both linear and nonlinear high power amplifier (HPA) cases are studied. Because the original problem for the linear HPA case is a fractional convex problem, Dinkelbach’s algorithm is implemented to reformulate the problem. By investigating the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions, the mathematical properties of the globally optimal solution are studied and proved, which provides a deeper understanding of the structure of power allocation among antennas. These properties also lead to a reduction of the complexity of the algorithms proposed to find the global optimum. For the nonlinear HPA cases, the reformulated problem after successive convex approximation is shown to be exactly in the same form as that of the previous problem with linear HPA with different weights of power consumption at each antenna. On the basis of numerical results comparing our EE maximization algorithms against different benchmarks, the efficiency and the superiority of our algorithms can be concluded.
The interplay between knowledge gap and perceived risk in motivating risk information seeking

Introduction. This study proposes a theoretical framework for the complex interplay between knowledge gap and perceived risk as motivators of information seeking. Given the shortage of studies that use quantitative research methods to support theory-building in information behaviour research, the survey method is adopted and two models with alternative configurations are examined. Method. Since the two proposed models involve relationships between latent constructs, survey items were developed to operationalise the constructs and statistical tests were performed to examine the associated hypotheses. Data were collected from a large public university through a scenario-based online survey. In order to avoid confounding effects, participants were recruited from a variety of educational levels, age groups, and socioeconomic backgrounds. Eight scenarios were randomly assigned across the participants. A total of 289 responses were used for analysis. Analysis. The two models were tested using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), a commonly used method for theory development in exploratory social sciences research. Results. In model one, where perceived risk and knowledge gap are assumed to have direct effects on motivation to seek information, both direct effects are significant. In model two, where perceived risk is assumed to have a moderating effect on the relationship between knowledge gap and motivation to seek information, knowledge gap interacts with perceived risk to motivate information seeking. Given that model two has a better fit than model one, the results indicate that perceived risk and knowledge gap play a rather complex role in information-seeking behaviour. Model two proposes the risk-gap interaction hypothesis (RGIH), which states that risk perceptions interact with knowledge gap to motivate information seeking. Conclusions. The findings suggest that, in the presence of the interaction between perceived risk and knowledge gap, as suggested by the risk-gap interaction hypothesis, the well-established direct effect between knowledge gap and motivation to seek information becomes insignificant. Therefore, the interaction between perceived risk and knowledge gap is of primary importance in motivating information seeking.
Ratio List Decoding

We extend the notion of list decoding to <italic>ratio list decoding</italic> which involves a list decoder whose list size is specified as a function of the number of messages <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M_{n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and the block length <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. We present the necessary and sufficient conditions on <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M_{n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for the existence of code sequences which enable reliable list decoding with respect to the desired list size <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L(M_{n},n)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. It is shown that the ratio-capacity, defined as the supremum of achievable normalized logarithms of the ratio <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$r(M_{n},n)=M_{n}/L(M_{n},n)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, is equal to the Shannon channel capacity <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, for both stochastic and deterministic encoding. Allowing for random list size, we are able to deduce some properties of identification codes, where the decoder’s output can be viewed as a list of messages corresponding to decision regions that include the channel output. We further address the regime of mismatched list decoding, in which the list constitutes of the codewords that accumulate the highest score values (jointly with the channel output) according to some given function. We study the case of deterministic encoding and mismatched ratio list decoding. We establish similar necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of code sequences which enable reliable mismatched list decoding with respect to the desired list size <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L(M_{n},n)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and we show that the ratio-capacity with mismatched decoding is equal to the mismatch capacity. Focusing on the case of an exponential list size <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L_{n}=e^{n \Theta }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, its comparison with ordinary mismatched decoding shows that the increase in capacity is by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Theta $ </tex-math></inline-formula> bits per channel used for all channels and decoding metrics. Several properties of the average error probability in the setup of mismatched list decoding with deterministic list size are provided.
An axon initial segment is required for temporal precision in action potential encoding by neuronal populations

The key feature of the axon initial segment, clustering of ion channels, facilitates information encoding in neuronal networks. Central neurons initiate action potentials (APs) in the axon initial segment (AIS), a compartment characterized by a high concentration of voltage-dependent ion channels and specialized cytoskeletal anchoring proteins arranged in a regular nanoscale pattern. Although the AIS was a key evolutionary innovation in neurons, the functional benefits it confers are not clear. Using a mutation of the AIS cytoskeletal protein βIV-spectrin, we here establish an in vitro model of neurons with a perturbed AIS architecture that retains nanoscale order but loses the ability to maintain a high NaV density. Combining experiments and simulations, we show that a high NaV density in the AIS is not required for axonal AP initiation; it is, however, crucial for a high bandwidth of information encoding and AP timing precision. Our results provide the first experimental demonstration of axonal AP initiation without high axonal channel density and suggest that increasing the bandwidth of the neuronal code and, hence, the computational efficiency of network function, was a major benefit of the evolution of the AIS.