Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of wheat flour substitution , maize variety and fermentation time on the characteristics of Akara , a deep oil fried dough product

An investigation into the possibility of using local cereal resources (maize) to develop composite flour suitable for the production of Akara (a deep fried fermented dough) was undertaken. The experimental design was a 4 x 5 x 5 factorial experiment. Factor one was the maize variety (CMS 8806, CMS 8501, CMS 9015 and CMS 8704), factor two the substitution level (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%) of wheat for maize flour and factor three was the fermentation times (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min). Dough nuts were produced from composite flour from wheat and maize flour. For the production of maize fine flour, wet milling of de-hulled, soaked grain was made followed by drying and sieving. Composite flours (32.4%) and other ingredients (13.5% sugar, 0.5% instant bakers’ yeast and 0.3% iodised salt) were mixed with water, whipped for 10 min and cut into samples of 40 g which were manually shaped into balls. They were allowed to ferment and rise prior to deep frying. Flour samples were analyzed for their physicochemical and functional properties. A mixed panel of women operating in dough nut production and some regular consumers was trained for sensory evaluation. The sensory attributes considered were colour, taste, texture and overall acceptability on a five point scale. Results showed that maize cultivars did not affect the quality of fine flours from wet milling. In composite flours, proteins, lipids and ash contents were significantly reduced as the level of maize flour increased. An inverse trend was observed with water absorption capacity. Dough swelling capacity and Akara density decreased with increase in maize substitution levels independently of the fermentation time and maize variety. Similarly, sensory scores decreased with increases in the substitution level independently of the maize cultivar used for composite flour preparation. However, Akara from composite flours had overall acceptability scores between 4.2 and 2.8 on a five-point scale. Akara prepared from CMS 8806 and CMS 8704 all of yellow color showed the highest sensory scores. From the results obtained, it could be suggested that composite flour from wheat and maize with up to 40% substitution level is acceptable for local commercial production of Akara with preference given to yellow maize.
Pitfal ls in the Staging of Cancer of the Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has a dichotomous nature with 1 subset of the disease associated with tobacco and alcohol use and the other having proven association with human papilloma virus infection. Imaging plays an important role in the staging and surveillance of OPSCC. A detailed knowledge of the anatomy and pitfalls is critical. This article reviews the detailed anatomy of the oropharynx and epidemiology of OPSCC, along with its staging, patterns of spread, and treatment.
Can “ Very Noisy ” Information Go a Long Way ? An Exploratory Analysis of Personalized Scheduling in Service Systems

Problem definition. In this work, we focus on the implementation of personalized scheduling policies which exploit noisy individual customer information. In particular, we consider the shortest job first policy with noisy service time predictions. Academic/Practical Relevance. The extant queueing-theoretic literature on personalized scheduling typically assumes perfect information about customers, while in practice such information tends to be “noisy”. Therefore, it remains unclear to what extent the promise demonstrated in theoretical work can translate into practice. In this paper, we investigate the tradeoff between information availability and operational performance by studying the performance of noisy service-time-based scheduling. Methodology. We use a combination of three methodologies. Through our empirical study, we investigate how personalized scheduling using service-time predictions from a real call-center performs in practice. Motivated by our empirical results, we use both simulation modeling and queueing theory to deepen our understanding into that operational performance. Results. We present empirical and theoretical evidence that “very noisy” information can go a long way in personalized service-time-based scheduling. First, we quantify the improvement in predicting service times when exploiting the individual histories of callers, which enables us to implement customer-specific scheduling. Second, we perform detailed simulation studies which quantify the performance of noisy service-timebased scheduling in a variety of queueing contexts. Third, we derive sufficient conditions under which the expected waiting time with noisy service-time-based-scheduling is smaller than for any finite priority-based scheduling policy. Managerial Implications. Our analysis shows that call center managers can benefit substantially from implementing personalized scheduling disciplines, even when personalized customer information is considerably noisy. We derive insights on the performance of noisy service-time-based scheduling in general service systems. For example, we show that such scheduling performs better in large and congested systems.
Migrants ’ remittances and education : evidence from Albania

Do households that receive remittance income from abroad spend more money on their children’s education? Are their children more likely to be enrolled in school? These questions will be tested using household and individual data from the 2005 Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) study conducted by the World Bank and INSTAT (Albanian National Statistics Institute). This paper explores how remittances affect a household’s propensity to invest in education. Also, by using various gender variables and separating effects by gender, light will be shed on how these decisions differ based on gender in this rapidly-developing European country. It will be necessary to use instrumental estimation procedures to account for unobservable variables that may affect both a household’s probability of receiving remittance income and its household decision regarding education spending or decision to enroll children in school. The plausibly exogenous instruments used are the regional percentage of remittance-receiving households and the number of male household members. Results suggest that there is a causal effect of receiving remittances on these decisions because remittance-receiving households face a weaker incentive to invest in their children’s human capital and don’t value education as highly as those households that do not receive remittances. This is because children living in remittance-receiving households are more likely to migrate themselves, and thus attain only enough education as they need to be successful migrant workers. This rearrangement of household expenditures results in more income being diverted to durables and housing, a result in line with other work done on the subject.
Demand for Marijuana , Alcohol and Tobacco : Participation , Frequency and Cross-Equation Correlations ∗ Xueyan

This paper considers recreation consumption of marijuana, alcohol and tobacco, using the most recent micro-unit data from the National Drug Strategy Household Surveys in Australia. Previous studies have focused on solely the binary choices of participation of particular drugs in isolation. We extend this research in two directions. Firstly, we consider not only participation, but also the frequency of consumption. The results indicate that some factors may have different effects on the two decisions of participation and frequency. Secondly, we allow for the fact that these decisions across different types of drugs are very likely to be inter-related. JEL Classification: C3, D1, I1
Young people with muslim backgrounds exploring their multiple senses of belonging

In this article, I discuss the performative, art-based, and participatory methods used in two major research projects conducted with immigrant youth in Finland: Since 2009, I have been engaged in the participatory performative research project “A Finn, a Foreigner, or a Transnational Hip-hopper? Participatory Art-Based Research on the Identification Negotiations and Belongings of Second-Generation Finnish Immigrant Youth”, and in 2016, I began to work as a researcher for a project called “Young Muslims and Resilience—A Participatory Study. ” I also discuss the roles that participatory performative research approaches play in these projects. I begin by briefly discussing my own positionings as a researcher and by introducing the main data, materials, productions, and themes that emerged from the data. I then reflect on the methodological foundation of these projects. Finally, I discuss how young people have negotiated their belonging through multiple identifications and relations to religion by examining their performative productions and the insights that participating in these projects provided them.
The Relationship between Transformational and Transactional Leadership Style of Managers with Job Satisfaction of Employees in Sport and Youth Offices in North Khorasan Province

The purpose of this study was study of the relationship between transformational and transactional leadership style of managers with job satisfaction of employees in Sport and Youth. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The study population included all employees of the Department of Sport and Youth city of North Khorasan province, including eight city comprised of 70 people, all of them due to the small size of the community participated in the study. To measure the variables, the questionnaire Multifactor Leadership Bass and Avolio (2000) and job satisfaction Visoky and chrome (1994) was used. Validity of the questionnaire of research has been proven in several studies and by ten experts of sports management was confirmed. To test of reliability Cronbach's alpha test was used and 0.88 for leadership style questionnaire and 0.91 for job satisfaction questionnaire was calculated. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Pearson correlation coefficient was used. Finding showed transformational and transactional leadership have significant and positive correlation whit job satisfaction. According to the results, it is suggested to General Directorate of Youth and Sport of North Khorasan, pay to upgrade the skills of managers, and proper education to transformational leadership style, and psychological aspects of transactional leadership and management style.
Trajectory of hippocampal fibres to the contralateral anterior thalamus and mammillary bodies in rats, mice, and macaque monkeys

The routes by which the hippocampal formation projects bilaterally to the anterior thalamic nuclei and mammillary bodies were examined in the mouse, rat, and macaque monkey. Despite using different methods and different species, the principal pattern remained the same. For both target areas, the contralateral hippocampal (subiculum) projections arose via efferents in the postcommissural fornix ipsilateral to the tracer injection, which then crossed hemispheres both in or just prior to reaching the target site within the thalamus or hypothalamus. Precommissural fornix fibres could not be followed to the target areas. There was scant evidence that the ventral hippocampal commissure or decussating fornix fibres contribute to these crossed subiculum projections. Meanwhile, a small minority of postsubiculum projections in the mouse were seen to cross in the descending fornix at the level of the caudal septum to join the contralateral postcommissural fornix before reaching the anterior thalamus and lateral mammillary nucleus on that side. Although the rodent anterior thalamic nuclei also receive nonfornical inputs from the subiculum and postsubiculum via the ipsilateral internal capsule, few, if any, of these projections cross the midline. It was also apparent that nuclei within the head direction system (anterodorsal thalamic nucleus, laterodorsal thalamic nucleus, and lateral mammillary nucleus) receive far fewer crossed hippocampal inputs than the other anterior thalamic or mammillary nuclei. The present findings increase our understanding of the fornix and its component pathways while also informing disconnection analyses involving the hippocampal formation and diencephalon.
Knowledge Acquisition Competencies for Non-profit Leaders

Purpose: We synthesise literature on the development of knowledge processes, especially knowledge acquisition. Competencies required for knowledge acquisition in nonprofits are presented and classified by theme, and illustrated by an empirical analysis of data from major performing arts boards. Design/methodology: To clarify existing leadership competency models for the nonprofit sector, researchers interviewed a sample of CEOs and Board Chairs of nonprofit arts organisations, under the auspices of the Australia Council for the Performing Arts. Findings: Nonprofit leaders deal with a high level of ambiguity and complexity, requiring sophisticated leadership and knowledge. Research limitations/ implications: While this research uses a purposive sample of key figures from the Boards of major performing arts organisations, more quantitative research will be required to add detail to these findings. This will be forthcoming in a later stage of this research. Practical implications: The nonprofit sector has lessons for the corporate sector in the acquisition of knowledge under conditions of uncertainty. Social implications: Specific competencies required for knowledge acquisition in nonprofits need to be classified to benefit the ambiguous environment for nonprofit leaders. Originality/value: The paper argues for a reassessment of the assumption that the private sector offers a primary source for theoretical and empirical understanding of the role of knowledge creation. Knowledge acquisition in nonprofits can be a more complex task, because of the ambiguous, intangible and often mutually exclusive organisational goals.
Development of meat alternatives Understanding fiber formation of vegetable proteins

Presidente: Prof.a Maria Raquel Múrias dos Santos Aires Barros (Departamento de Bioengenharia, Instituto Superior Técnico) Orientadores: Prof.a Marília Clemente Velez Mateus (Departamento de Bioengenharia, Instituto Superior Técnico) Dr. Ir. Fred van de Velde (NIZO food research B.V.) Vogal: Prof.a Maria Ângela Cabral Garcia Taipa Meneses de Oliveira (Departamento de Bioengenharia, Instituto Superior Técnico)
The Mediating Role of Trust in the relationship between Perceived Organizational Support and Silence

The purpose of this study is to assess the mediating effect of trust in the relationship between perceived organizational support and silence. Data from a cross-sectional study of 268 public and private sector academicians serving in ten educational institutions in North India were analysed. Mediation analysis revealed that trust plays a mediating role in the relationship between perceived organizational support and organizational silence. This study is cross-sectional in nature. Further research with longitudinal and experimental studies needs to be carried out to support the results. Data has been collected through self-rating questionnaires. 360 degree feedback could be used in future studies. Top management at organizations must inculcate a supportive culture in the work environment by rewarding employees for their achievements and valuing their efforts. Employees must be involved in decision process through a participative leadership style. The performance management system must be transparent and employees must be prepared for promotions through succession planning and employee development programs.
The comparability of different neuron-specific enolase immunoassays and its impact on external quality assessment system

Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education, Prague Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital and Policlinic, Ostrava Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Haematology, Centromed, Prague Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Faculty Hospital Motol, Prague
Altruism towards refugees and perceived interpersonal closeness Experimental method

We investigate the altruism towards refugees through laboratory experiments. We measure altruism by dictator games. We propose that the perceived intergroup and interpersonal closeness towards refugees can influence the degree of altruism. We find that people are as altruistic towards refugees as to their own compatriots – or even more. While we find some evidence of the relevance of perceived closeness to the refugees as an explanation for the degree of altruism, we do not find perceived intergroup closeness relevant to explain altruism. We also find that Social Dominance Orientation is highly and Unconditional Respect moderately correlated with altruism towards refugees.
Report Host ’ s Two-Component Regulatory System in Response to Resource Limitation

Phosphorus (P) availability, which often limits productivity in marine ecosystems, shapes the P-acquisition gene content of the marine cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus [1–4] and its viruses (cyanophages) [5, 6]. As in other bacteria, in Prochlorococcus these genes are regulated by the PhoR/PhoB two-component regulatory system that is used to sense and respond to P availability and is typical of signal transduction systems found in diverse organisms [7]. Replication of cyanophage genomes requires a significant amount of P, and therefore these phages could gain a fitness advantage by influencing host P acquisition in P-limited environments. Here we show that the transcription of a phage-encoded high-affinity phosphate-binding protein gene (pstS) and alkaline phosphatase gene (phoA)—both of which have host orthologs—is elevated when the phages are infecting host cells that are P starved, relative to P-replete control cells. We further show that the phage versions of these genes are regulated by the host’s PhoR/ PhoB system. This not only extends this fundamental signaling mechanism to viruses but is also the first example of regulation of lytic phage genes by nutrient limitation in the host. As such, it reveals an important new dimension of the intimate coevolution of phage, host, and environment in the world’s oceans.
econstor Make Your Publications Visible . A Service of zbw

In this note we consider several goodness-of-fit tests for model specification in nonparametric regression models which are based on kernel methods. In order to circumvent the problem of choosing a bandwidth for the corresponding test statistic we propose to consider the statistics as stochastic processes indexed with bandwidths proportional to the asymptotically optimal bandwidth for the estimation of the regression function. We prove weak convergence of these processes to centered Gaussian processes and suggest to use functionals of these processes as test statistics for the problem of model specification. A bootstrap test is proposed to obtain a good approximation of the nominal level. The results are illustrated by means of a simulation study and the new test is compared with some of the currently available procedures.
Sensitivity Analysis of Operational Priorities ( Strategies ) of African Development Bank in Poverty Eradication in Africa

Specifically, this paper examines the applicability and effectiveness of the African Development Bank’s priorities known as the “High-Five priorities” in poverty eradication in Africa. These priorities are agriculture, industries, regional integration, infrastructures and quality of human life. The study uses exploratory research strategy and simple random technique. The panel data are sampled from 2013 to 2017 in 48 Sub -Saharan African countries. The random effects model and vector autoregressive (VAR) model are used to analyse the data. The study finds that the High-Five Bank priorities are ineffective to reduce the income and non-monetary poverty rate in a short – term and evidenced to be effective for long-term. Moreover, the priorities evidence to have a power to reduce the poverty gap in a short-term. The paper recommends that the prioritising on the High-Five priorities is a relevant for the longterm goals, but lacks its relevance for shortterm interventions. Therefore, for optimal poverty eradication strategy, shortterm and longterm strategy are required.
Does the Physical Health Status of the Left-behind Children Affects their Mental Healths ? An Empirical Investigation on Children Left-behind by Rural-urban Migrants in Niger State , Nigeria

Although empirical evidence has shown that physical health status of the children has a lot of bearing on their mental healths, little is known about the impact of physical health status of the left-behind children on their mental healths. This study uses a sample of 1135 left-behind children and their caregivers from rural areas of Niger State, Nigeria to investigate the effect of physical health status of the children on their mental health. The study uses a Logistic regression model. The physical health status was categorized as adequately nourished, moderately malnourished and severely malnourished. The finding of the study shows that left-behind children who are severely malnourished and those who are moderately malnourished are more likely to have poorer mental health than those who are adequately nourished. Left-behind children under the care of father and non-parent caregivers are more likely to have poorer mental health than those under the care of mothers, and the higher the number of siblings living with a left-behind child the lower the probability of the child having poor mental health. Left-behind boys are also more likely to have poor mental health than leftbehind girls. Suggestions are therefore made for policy actions. Keyword: Left-behind children; Physical health; Mental health; Logistic Regression.
Evaluation of the Role of Universities in the Innovation Process

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the role of universities in the innovation process. Against the background of theoretical considerations about the interrelation of innovation and the adaptation of external resources, the effects of university-based (knowledge) resources – together with other exogenous variables on the innovation input and output of firms in the German manufacturing industry are empirically investigated and evaluated. The estimation results on the innovation input side can be summarized as follows: High assessments to university-based resources and joint R&D with universities increase the probability that firms are engaged in the development of new products and technologies. Further, the estimations point out stimulating effects of science-related resources on the level of in-house R&D. In general, resources stemming from universities are used as complements in the German manufacturing industry. Inhouse capacities can be expanded with positive impacts on the probability and the level of R&D activities The estimation results for the innovation output side are ambiguous: On the one hand, empirical evidence of enhancing impacts of resources stemming from universities on the realization of process innovations has been found. This strengthens the assumption that science-related resources are used to optimize production processes and to save production costs. On the other hand, external resources from the academic sphere have no stimulating effects on the probability of realizing product innovations. University-based resources stimulate the development of new products more indirectly by increasing in-house capacities and enhancing R&D efficiency. But finally, the empirical analysis point out positive impacts of joint R&D with universities on the realization of product innovations. Obviously, collaboration in R&D with universities offer possibilities of efficient knowledge transfer, resource exchange and organizational learning.