Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Data-driven Framework for Extraction of Spatio-Temporal Manifestations of Dynamic Processes

Several natural phenomena manifest themselves as spatio-t emporally evolving processes, for example climate patterns, disease spread and urban sprawl. The s tudy of these processes, which aims to increase our understanding of the spatio-temporal phenome a for their prediction and control, requires analysis tools to infer models and their parameters from col le ted data. Whilst several studies exist on how to model the characteristics of spatio-temporal proces ses from highly complex patterns, a generic, statistically valid approach which may be readily employed in a wide range of scenarios, such as with systems with different forms of observation processes or ti me-varying systems, is lacking. This work attempts to fill this void by providing a systems approach to s patiotemporal modeling which can be used with continuous observations, point process observations , systems exhibiting spatially varying dynamics and time-varying systems. Even though many works have been successful in mining spatio -temporal patterns from a Data Mining (DM) and Knowledge Discovery (KD) approach, they suffer rom numerous limitations they are tightly dependent on the ability to hypothesize, to determi ne the relevant factors and to deduce a conclusion, which require large thematic data and understandi ng of the subject to even define the primary hypothesis of the analysis. Hence, are heavily coupled to th e domain. Moreover, they tend to neglect the continuous nature of the phenomenon they are trying to ob serve by discretizing the space or the time in which the co-location and co-occurrence pattern mining i s attempted. Lastly, scale factors bring in more challenges which limit the model design and applicabil ity, for instance, the occurrence of natural break lines can sub-divide or alter the choice of the appropr iate scale of analysis. Therefore, there is an increasing need of developing an approach that can produc e valid analyses of variations in dynamic phenomena, with particular focus on utilization of the inhe rent spatio-temporal characteristics of the data to address the issues mentioned above. The developed set of methods act as a framework that leverage s the observed event data both spatial and temporal characterizations of observed event occurren ces, making use of inherent spatio-temporal dependency in such data. A risk map is generated that provide s aluable insights into its geographical spread and to help quantify the spatial risk factor associat ed with it, acting as a basis for dynamic spatiotemporal modeling which can easily cater for spatially vary ing dynamics. The work finally leads to the development of a novel method to model meso-scale processes by capturing spatio-temporal correlation leveraging both the potential dependencies among the local c efficients, and the potential incongruities within global models for prediction of trends. In the contex t of disease management, the proposed
Metabolism of broilers subjected to different lairage times at the abattoir and its relationship with broiler meat quality

An investigation was made into the effects of different lairage times and the position of chicken crates during transport to the slaughterhouse on the biochemical and hematological profile and physical parameters of broilers, such as color and pH of their breast meat. The treatments were defined by the animals slaughtered after 0, 2, 4 and 6 hours of lairage time at the slaughterhouse, transported in crates located in the top and bottom layers of the truck. It was found that increasing the lairage time at the slaughterhouse to over two hours reduced the number of lymphocytes and increased the heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio and the basophil count in the hemogram. In addition, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and cholesterol levels increased and plasma triglyceride and glucose levels decreased. The position of the crates in the truck altered the creatine kinase (CK) activity, and the highest enzyme activity was found in birds transported in the top layer of crates in the truck. Furthermore, the long lairage time in the slaughterhouse increased the pH and the value of a* (redness value) and decreased the lightness value of breast fillets. The interaction significant between 4 and 6 hours of lairage time and the position of the crate in the top layer of the truck favored the development of dark, firm, dry (DFD) meat.
Histological and Histochemical Study on the Stomach ( Proventriculus and Gizzard ) of Black-tailed Crake ( Porzana bicolor )

Black-tailed crake is a little known species of bird in the Rallidae family. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane marshes at heights around 2100m. Black-tailed crake looks for food on the grass-land, picking up small grasshoppers, land-shells and small worms. In this study, the structure of the proventriculus and gizzard of adult black-tailed crake were examined at light microscopic level by using hematoxylineosin (H&E), and special staining for mucins i.e., periodic acid schiff (PAS), alcian blue (AB pH 2.5), AB-PAS and combined aldehyde fuchsinalcian blue (pH 2.5) (AF-AB). The results revealed that the epithelium of the proventriculus invaginated to form the simple tubular glands, which showed a weak positive reaction with PAS stain but an intense positive reaction with AB (PH 2.5) stain. With the AB (pH 2.5)-PAS and AF-AB (pH 2.5) staining procedures, the simple tubular glands appeared blue and purple in color, respectively, owing to the presence of sulfated mucins. The compound tubular glands were made up of 8-10 conical or oval lobules and accounted for 77.8%-80.4% of the radius of the proventriculus. The cells lining the secretory ducts and central cavities of the compound tubular glands showed intense positive reactions with all the histochemical stains, indicating a mixture of neutral and acidic mucins occurred and the acidic mucins were carboxylated. However, the cells of corpus glandulae showed negative reactions for mucins. In the proventriculus-gizzard junction, there were nearly no mucins and the compound tubular glands were absent. The surface of gizzard was covered by a layer of rough PAS-positive cuticle. The cells lining the tips and the crypts of the glands of gizzard were covered by a layer of carboxylated mucins. The other parts of the gizzard showed negative reactions for mucins.
Can Erasure Codes Damage Reliability in SSD-Based Storage Systems?

Erasure codes are applied in storage systems including both Hard Disk Drive (HDD) and Solid State Disk (SSD) to protect arrays of disks against failures. Applying these codes in SSD-based systems incurs additional number of Program/Erase (P/E) cycles on each disk, which may accelerate the wear-out of disks. This means that while erasure codes improve reliability of SSD-based systems, they impose a side-effect that may degrade reliability as the number of P/E cycles increases. This paper investigates the benefit and side-effect of erasure codes on reliability of SSD-based systems. The investigation attempts to find out the parameters which improve/damage reliability. This study has been evaluated using the DiskSim and SOYA simulators, and exploiting different configurations for a storage system running nine real workloads. In the simulation, the effect of five parameters on the improvement/damage of reliability is studied; these parameters are mapping P/E cycles with failure rate, disk failure rate, disk repair time, number of disks, and coding pattern of erasure codes. Simulation results show that in almost all cases, the effect of erasure codes on reliability improvement is on average 16 percent greater than their effect on reliability degradation.
00 04 10 5 v 2 2 9 Ju n 20 00 Cosmic Strings Lens Phenomenology : General Properties of Distortion Fields Jean –

We reconsider the general properties of gravitational lensing effects induced by cosmic string systems, taking into account their equation of state and motion equations. We explicitly show that the deflection patterns induced by a string is equivalent to the one of a lineic and static distribution of matter. We then rigorously show that the convergence part of the deformation field is always zero, except on the intersection of the string worldsheet and the observer past light cone, extending previous results obtained in peculiar cases. Phenomenological consequences of this result on multiple image systems are investigated.
Resistance to Organizational Change : The Effect on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention and the Moderating Effect of Emotion Regulation Strategies

Employees have to deal with more and more changes within the organization and environment they work in. This demands more from employees to adapt to changes and environmental pressures. Changes often provoke resistance by employees and can lead to the experience of a variety of emotions. It is important to pay attention to resistance to change and the way employees regulate their emotions, because both can have an important impact on work-related outcomes, such as job satisfaction and turnover intention. The present study examined the relationship between resistance to change and turnover intention, and whether this relationship was mediated by job satisfaction. Furthermore, the influence of emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between resistance to change and job satisfaction had been studied. A cross-sectional study was executed with the use of questionnaires. Results showed that the relationship between resistance to change and turnover intention was fully mediated by job satisfaction. Employees experiencing more resistance to change were less satisfied with their job and, in turn, this job dissatisfaction resulted in a higher intention to leave the organization. Using suppression as emotion regulation strategy reinforced the negative relationship between resistance to change and job satisfaction. For the other emotion regulation strategies, no significant moderating effect was found.
Diurnal and Spatial Variation of Ambient Carbon Monoxide Concentration from Vehicular Emissions in Port Harcourt Metropolis , Nigeria

Air pollution affects both the health and environment of living organisms. In large urban cities, the emission of carbon monoxide (CO) gas from the transport sector pose unprecedented risks being a silent and lethal killer. Consequently, deaths arising from suffocation by CO fumes have recently become a cause for concern in Nigeria. In this study, an attempt is made to evaluate the diurnal trend in CO generation and distribution at six major road junctions in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. CO concentration was measured using PCMM05 Pyle® Carbon Monoxide Meter. The generally observed trend in concentration in terms of diurnal variation was: morning > evening > afternoon while that of spatial variation was Rumuola Junction > Choba Junction > U.S.T. Roundabout > Sangana Street > Rumuokwuta Junction > Rumuokoro Roundabout. The maximum mean concentration of 150ppm was measured in the morning at Rumuola junction. The observed concentration was generally higher than the 10ppm limit for ambient air set by the Nigerian national regulatory body. Frequent traffic congestion from poorly maintained roads and/or inadequate roads, high vehicular traffic density, abundance of used vehicles with incomplete combustion and poorly maintained diesel engines among others were identified to be responsible for the high emissions, accumulation and dispersion of CO. Plate 1 Rumuola Junction (4 49 58.03 N, 7 00 17.28 E)
Curvature Effect on the Critical Rayleigh Number for the Instability of Natural Convection Boundary Layers

In the present study, curvature effects on the critical Rayleigh number Rac for the instability of natural convection boundary layers of Pr=7 on various isothermally heated vertical cylinders are investigated by direct stability analyses (DSA) with an axisymmetric numerical model. To determine the Rac, random temperature perturbations are introduced into a small region (2% of the total height) of the upstream heated surface near its leading edge. The slender cylinders under consideration span the aspect ratio A=H/R0=2400, 960, 480 and 240, where H is the height of the cylinders and R0 is the radius. A linear dependence of the critical Rayleigh number Rac on the aspect ratio A is obtained for the first time. The analyses of the kinetic energy balance further reveal that as the aspect ratio A increases, the boundary layer tends to be more stable since the ratio of energy production to dissipation reduces.
Venom Glands Parameters , Venom Production and Composition of Honeybee Apis mellifera L . Affected by Substitute Feeding

Two experiments were carried out during two successive years 2014 and 2015 at the period from July to October in the experimental apiary of Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt to study the effect of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) feeding with pollen substitute on bee venom production. As well as, the effect of venom gathering during various periods of the day on the number of dead bees and worker's brood rearing. After that, venom gland was microscopy examined and the collected venom was HPLC analyzed. Results indicated that the highest average of collected bee venom was 0.17 and 0.20 g/colony in July at 2014 and 2015, respectively. The highest venom amounts were collected at 7-9 pm. In addition, the higher mean numbers of dead bee’s (18.7 and 24.0 dead bee/colony) were observed in October and August of 2014 and 2015 year, respectively. Venom gathering effect on worker’s sealed brood area so it increased in control colonies by 4.0 and 13.0 % more than the colonies used for collection venom at different day times during 2014 and 2015, respectively. Results also showed that venom gland parameters were affected by feeding honeybee on pollen substitute. From HPLC analysis of the collected bee venom, results showed that the main components of venom were increased by feeding honey bee colonies on pollen substitute. The main components were melittin (48.7%), phospholipase A2 (16.4%) and apamin (2.0%).
ez-Segway : Decentralize for Faster Consistent Updates

We present ez-Segway, a decentralized mechanism to consistently and quickly update the network state while preventing forwarding anomalies (loops and black-holes) and avoiding link congestion. In our design, the centralized SDN controller only pre-computes information needed by the switches during the update execution. This information is distributed to the switches, which use partial knowledge and direct message passing to efficiently realize the update. This separation of concerns has the key benefit of improving update performance as the communication and computation bottlenecks at the controller are removed. Our evaluations via network emulations and large-scale simulations demonstrate the efficiency of ez-Segway, which speeds up update completion time by a factor of 2 over a centralized approach. A deployment of a system prototype in a real OpenFlow switch and an implementation in P4 demonstrate the feasibility and low overhead of implementing simple network update functionality within switches.
PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY IN ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE WITH AND WITHOUT CIRRHOSIS – A HOSPITAL BASED COMPARATIVE STUDY

Worldwide, alcohol is the most frequently used and socially accepted hepatotoxin1. Alcohol induced liver injury has been one of the major adverse health consequences of excessive use of alcohol throughout much of the recorded history. Chronic alcohol use commonly causes three types of liver disease: fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis/fibrosis and liver cirrhosis. The association of alcohol with cirrhosis was recognized by Matthew Baillie in 17932.
An exploration of the alignment of learning theories with eTools at the University of the Western Cape (UWC)

The impact of emerging technologies on authentic learning in higher education remains a core concern in the South African context. Learning Management Systems (LMSs) must include emerging technologies to support innovative teaching and learning practices, given their importance in expanding student access to learning materials, and the facilitation of student development. At the University of the Western Cape (UWC), the Centre for Innovative Education and Communication Technologies (CIECT) has championed the adoption of innovative eLearning practices for over 10 years. This study explores the infusion of learning theories aligned to eTools in service of national higher education imperatives. The authors discuss the value of learning theories in the eLearning field, and deliberate on the development of the main learning theories. Original Research Article Stoltenkamp et al.; ACRI, 8(1): 1-9, 2017; Article no.ACRI. 34133 2 The study also discusses the application of learning theories in online environments, and this issue is explored by way of six cases, providing examples of how various learning theories can be aligned to eTools. These were gathered from CIECT’s marketing blog, which constitutes a research repository of practitioner experiences and reflections of the institutional LMS and innovative teaching and learning practices. The aim is to explore and emphasize the importance of grounding emerging eTools use in theory and pedagogy to promote student development, as well as the application of learning theories, specifically when designing learning environments to support traditional teaching and learning practices. The qualitative study is primarily exploratory and descriptive. It also includes a brief discussion of the results of a student questionnaire (179 respondents from across faculties and departments) exploring how and why students use eTools at UWC. This exploration of broader student eTools use will help create the foundation for a followup study to explore the use of learning theories in promoting more focused eTools adoption.
Design of an Efficient Correlation Delay Shift Keying Scheme for Chaos Based Communications

In Correlation Delay Shift Keying (CDSK) system, each transmitted bit is presented by two chaotic segments; first segment is served as a reference signal while the other segment is served as an information bearing signal. This doubles energy requirement for each bit. However, a new version of Correlation Delay scheme is proposed and named as Segment Shifted Correlation Delay Shift Keying (SS-CDSK). To send the binary information 1, a repeated copy of the previous chaotic segment is sent. Otherwise, a shifted version of the previous chaotic segment is chosen to be sent. At the receiver, a simple correlation between each received segment and its delayed version is implemented. The system utilizes the high autocorrelation value between the chaotic segment with itself and the low cross correlation value with its shifted version. As a result, average bit energy requirement is almost halved. BitError-Rate (BER) performance of SS-CDSK is compared with standard CDSK in Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) environment and with different values of spreading factors. Results show that the BER for SS-CDSK is almost similar to that in CDSK although half of the bit energy is used. In addition, the complexity of the transmitter is reduced. Keywords–Differential Chaos; Correlation Delay; correlator chaotic segment;
THE STRENGTH OF WEAK BOUNDARIES : CATEGORY INFERENCES AND EVALUATION SPILLOVERS IN INTERNATIONAL LEGAL SERVICES MARKET

To explore the consequences of category spanning on audience appeal, most of the studies only take into account an overall evaluation of multiple category members, but not an evaluation for each category spanned. Everything takes place as if a multi-category firm receives a unique and all-encompassing evaluation. Yet, a multi-category firm gets several audience evaluations – one for each category spanned – that affect each other. This paper fills this gap between the empirical tests (1 unique overall evaluation for multi-category members) and the theoretical assumption in the literature (several specific evaluations connected by audiences leading to confusion). In the corporate legal services industry, this paper explores to what extent an organizations’ evaluation in one category is influenced by how appealing audiences perceive the organization to be in other categories. First, I present empirical evidence that the strength of the inferences conveyed by past evaluations in non-focal categories impacts a firm’s evaluation in a focal category. Second when firm’s evaluations across different categories are more dispersed or unclear, a firm is more likely to receive a lower evaluation in the focal category. Third, I suggest that a firm’s evaluation in a focal category is likely to be lower affected by non-focal categories’ evaluation when the latter are more similar to each other.
Australian Consumers ’ Perceptions of Champagne and Other Sparkling Wine : An Exploratory Study

Purpose: To provide further insight into Australian consumers’ preferences for different sparkling wine styles, including champagne. Design/methodology/approach: Focus groups – including tastings – were conducted to identify consumers’ knowledge of, and preferences for, champagne and other sparkling wine. Findings: Personal taste was found to influence the choice of a sparkling wine rather than another type of alcoholic beverage, and selection of a particular style of sparkling wine (such as champagne, some other sparkling white, or sparkling red). Country or region of origin, particularly with respect to the product being French, was found to be important across all four focus groups, although often linked to the product being champagne. Brand image and reputation were found to influence purchase decisions across all four focus groups, sometimes linked to consumption occasion. Advice or recommendations, and expert reviews also were found to influence purchase decisions. Consumption occasion also was found to influence purchase decisions across all four groups. Price was found to influence the brand and style of sparkling wine purchased across all four groups. A relatively high price was found to be a barrier for some participants, while other participants were found to avoid sparkling wines below some particular price. Analysis of these findings enabled the development of a preliminary model of buyer behaviour relating to sparkling wine. Practical implications: Findings suggest that a producer could benefit from marketing a range of sparkling wines to cater to different tastes and different occasions; and confirm the importance of marketers pursuing opportunities to obtain and promote favourable expert reviews for their sparkling wines, and of identifying and promoting regional distinctiveness.
Learning Transformation Groups and their Invariants

A fundamental problem in vision is that of invariance: how objects are perceived to be essentially the same despite having undergone various transformations. When it is known a priori to which transformations a representation of the image must be invariant, one can try to construct such an invariant representation by analysis. A potentially more generic solution is to build systems that learn how to construct an invariant representation by looking at transformed examples. Such a system can be largely agnostic to the representation of the input and the kind of transformation to which invariance is required, so that it can be applied to many kinds of data. We approach this problem from a dynamical perspective, by modeling the transformation group itself. This allows us to not only build an invariant representation, but also perform pose estimation and understand motion. We derive an elegant algorithm that learns a so-called maximal toroidal Lie group from pairs of inputs, where each pair is related by an unkown transformation from the group. Given one or more pairs of input images, the model provides a full posterior over elements of the group, describing the inherent uncertainty in the transformation estimate. As it turns out, the ambiguity in the estimate of the transformation from one image to itself (the symmetry of the image with respect to the learned group) provides a maximally informative invariant representation of that image.