Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Skp 2 Expression is Associated with High Risk and Elevated Ki 67 Expression in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) exhibit an unpredictable clinical course and can rapidly progress to lethality. Predictions about the biological behavior of GIST are based on a number of canonical clinical and pathologic parameters whose validity in distinguishing between a benign and a malignant tumour is still imperfect. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of morphologic parameters and expression of cells cycle regulators as prognosticators in GIST. Methods: We performed an immunohistochemical analysis for Ki67, p27Kip1, Jab1, and Skp2, on a Tissue Microarray (TMA) containing 94 GIST. Expression of the above proteins was correlated to classically used prognosticators, as well as to risk groups. Clinical significance of histologic and immunohistochemical features were evaluated in 59 patients for whom follow-up information was available. Results: Overexpression of Ki67 and Skp2, and p27Kip1 loss directly correlated with the high risk group (p = 0.03 for Ki67 and Skp2, p = 0.05 for p27Kip1). Jab1 expression did not exhibit correlation with risk. In 59 cases provided with clinical follow-up, high cellularity, presence of necrosis, and Ki67 overexpression were predictive of a reduced overall survival in a univariate model. The same parameters, as well as mitotic rate, tumour size, and p27Kip1 loss were indicative of a shortened relapse free survival interval. High cellularity, and high mitotic rate retained their prognostic significance by multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Our data suggest that a number of histologic parameters in combination with immunohistochemical expression of cell cycle regulators can facilitate risk categorization and predict biologic behavior in GIST. Importantly this study demonstrates, for the first time, that Skp2 expression correlates with Ki67 expression and high risk in GIST. Published: 13 May 2008 BMC Cancer 2008, 8:134 doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-134 Received: 24 October 2007 Accepted: 13 May 2008 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral. com/1471-2407/8/134 © 2008 Di Vizio et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. BMC Cancer 2008, 8:134 http://www.biomedcentral. com/1471-2407/8/134
CXCL13 as a Cerebrospinal Fluid Marker for Neurosyphilis in HIV-Infected Patients With Syphilis

Background: Asymptomatic neurosyphilis is more difficult to diagnose in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients because HIV itself can cause cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis. The proportion of CSF lymphocytes that are B cells is elevated in neurosyphilis, suggesting that the CSF concentration of the B cell chemoattractant, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL13) concentration may also be elevated. Methods: CSF and blood were collected from 199 HIV-infected patients with syphilis and neurosyphilis. Serum and CSF CXCL13 concentrations were determined. Results: Patients with neurosyphilis had higher CSF and serum CXCL13 concentrations compared to patients with syphilis but not neurosyphilis. The odds of having symptomatic neurosyphilis were increased by 2.23-fold for every log increase in CSF CXCL13 concentration and were independent of CSF white blood cell and plasma HIV RNA concentrations, peripheral blood CD4+ T cell count and use of antiretroviral medications. A cut-off of 10 pg/mL CSF CXCL13 had high sensitivity and a cut-off of 250 pg/mL or evidence of intrathecal synthesis of CXCL13 had high specificity for diagnosis of both symptomatic and asymptomatic neurosyphilis. CSF concentrations of CXCL13 declined after treatment for neurosyphilis. Conclusions: CSF CXCL13 concentration may be particularly useful for diagnosis of neurosyphilis in HIV-infected patients because it is independent of CSF pleocytosis and markers of HIV disease.
The Ubiquity of Memory Retrieval Deficits in Patients With Frontal-Striatal Dysfunction

Objective and Background:Previous studies have shown that patients with frontal-striatal dysfunction demonstrate improved performance on tests of recognition memory relative to free recall memory, suggesting deficits in retrieval processes. Not all studies, however, have indicated that all patients with frontal-striatal dysfunction display this profile. In this study, we examined the ubiquity of this “retrieval deficit” profile in a relatively large sample of patients with Parkinson disease (PD) or Huntington disease (HD). Methods:Participants included 150 patients with PD and 65 patients with HD. Patients were classified as demonstrating a retrieval deficit or not based on a comparison of their standardized performances on the Recognition Discriminability and Long-Delay Free Recall indices from the California Verbal Learning Test. Results:Results indicated that 1) a retrieval deficit was more prevalent in patients with HD than PD, 2) this group difference emerged only in patients with at least a mild level of global cognitive impairment, and 3) even when the profile did emerge more frequently in patients with HD, it was present in only 44% of the patients. Conclusions:These findings suggest that not all patient groups with frontal-striatal dysfunction display a retrieval deficit profile, but in groups that do (ie, patients with HD), it is more likely to appear in individuals with greater cognitive impairment.
Beliefs, perceptions and sociological impact of patients with acne vulgaris in the Turkish population

be extremely effective for severe nodulocystic acne and for patients unresponsive to other therapies. The use of isotretinoin is not authorized in Japan. It is advisable to use diaminodiphenylsulfone in countries like Japan. In the present case, oral tetracycline was not effective and, upon tapering oral steroid, the skin lesions flared up, and so we administrated diaminodiphenylsulfone. The treatment with diaminodiphenylsulfone was effective for the relapse of cystic lesions without any adverse effects in our case. Diaminodiphenylsulfone must be used with an understanding of its side-effects. The most important adverse effects are hemolytic anemia and methemoglobinemia. There is a report which suggests that hemolysis usually occurs at doses of 200 mg or more perday. A more severe adverse effect associated with diaminodiphenylsulfone is hypersensitivity syndrome. It is an idiosyncratic, dose-independent, multi-organ disease that, unlike many drug reactions, can begin after prolonged exposure to the drug. This syndrome usually appears after more than 4 weeks of therapy, and occurs in less than 0.5% of treated patients. Follow-up examinations and laboratory testing should be performed according to the monitoring guidelines. A complete blood count, chemistry profiles and urinalysis should be included. Although there is a significant toxicity profile associated with the use of diaminodiphenylsulfone, adverse effects can be minimized with a complete understanding of the pharmacology. We consider that the use of diaminodiphenylsulfone is effective to treat refractory cystic acne when oral antibiotics are ineffective or we cannot use systemic isotretinoin due to regulations although it is not first-line therapy. In summary, we report a case of refractory severe cystic acne successfully treated with diaminodiphenylsulfone.
Terrestrial arthropods of Steel Creek, Buffalo National River, Arkansas. I. Select beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae, Carabidae, Cerambycidae, Curculionoidea excluding Scolytinae)

Abstract Background The Ozark Mountains are a region with high endemism and biodiversity, yet few invertebrate inventories have been made and few sites extensively studied. We surveyed a site near Steel Creek Campground, along the Buffalo National River in Arkansas, using twelve trap types – Malaise traps, canopy traps (upper and lower collector), Lindgren multifunnel traps (black, green, and purple), pan traps (blue, purple, red, white, and yellow), and pitfall traps – and Berlese-Tullgren extraction for eight and half months. New information We provide collection records of beetle species belonging to eight families collected at the site. Thirty one species represent new state records: (Buprestidae) Actenodes acornis, Agrilus cephalicus, Agrilus ohioensis, Agrilus paracelti, Taphrocerus nicolayi; (Carabidae) Agonum punctiforme, Synuchus impunctatus; (Curculionidae) Acalles clavatus, Acalles minutissimus, Acoptus suturalis, Anthonomus juniperinus, Anametis granulata, Idiostethus subcalvus, Eudociminus mannerheimii, Madarellus undulatus, Magdalis armicollis, Magdalis barbita, Mecinus pascuorum, Myrmex chevrolatii, Myrmex myrmex, Nicentrus lecontei, Otiorhynchus rugosostriatus, Piazorhinus pictus, Phyllotrox ferrugineus, Plocamus hispidulus, Pseudobaris nigrina, Pseudopentarthrum simplex, Rhinoncus pericarpius, Sitona lineatus, Stenoscelis brevis, Tomolips quericola. Additionally, three endemic carabids, two of which are known only from the type series, were collected.
The Effect of Feature Displacement on the Perception of Well-Known Faces

The effect of feature displacement within two well-known faces (Terry Wogan and Cyril Smith) was examined. Image processing equipment was used to produce stimuli in which the features of an original facial image were displaced to form a number of modified images. This technique was first reported by Haig, in a recognition study in which the effect of feature displacement within unfamiliar faces was investigated. In the present experiment a perceptual judgement task was carried out in which subjects were presented with a number of modified faces and asked to judge how dissimilar these were with respect to an original image. A multidimensional scaling analysis of the comparative judgements of the subjects revealed a two-dimensional solution involving displacement of the eyes and mouth. A clear division between up/down and inward/outward displacement within these features (particularly the eyes) was observed. A similar pattern of results was found for both well-known faces. This result indicates that subjects were responding to changes in the facial configuration produced by the different types of feature displacement (horizontal or vertical), as opposed to movement of the features per se. Finally, the results also indicate that the displacement of inner features (mouth, eyes, nose) was more noticeable than displacement of the outer facial features (eg hairline).
Exercise training in childhood cancer survivors with subclinical cardiomyopathy who were treated with anthracyclines

Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) treated with anthracyclines are at risk for cardiomyopathy. This case series evaluated the response of anthracycline exposed CCS with subclinical cardiomyopathy to aerobic and strength training. Body composition, strength and cardiopulmonary fitness were evaluated before and after the 12‐week intervention. All equipment and materials were provided to five 10+ year CCS (3 males, mean age 38.0 ± 3.3 years) for a guideline‐based home exercise program. All five completed the study with no adverse events. Compliance with exercise was 86%. These results suggest that exercise training may improve exercise capacity of CCS with subclinical cardiomyopathy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:942–945. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recognizing Art Style Automatically in Painting with Deep Learning

The artistic style (or artistic movement) of a painting is a rich descriptor that captures both visual and historical information about the painting. Correctly identifying the artistic style of a paintings is crucial for indexing large artistic databases. In this paper, we investigate the use of deep residual neural to solve the problem of detecting the artistic style of a painting and outperform existing approaches to reach an accuracy of 62 on the Wikipaintings dataset (for 25 different style). To achieve this result, the network is first pre-trained on ImageNet, and deeply retrained for artistic style. We empirically evaluate that to achieve the best performance, one need to retrain about 20 layers. This suggests that the two tasks are as similar as expected, and explain the previous success of hand crafted features. We also demonstrate that the style detected on the Wikipaintings dataset are consistent with styles detected on an independent dataset and describe a number of experiments we conducted to validate this approach both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Bioimpedance analysis: potential for measuring lower limb skeletal muscle mass.

BACKGROUND Ambulation, balance, and lower extremity bone mass and strength are all partially dependent on lower limb skeletal muscle mass. At present, both research and clinical methods of evaluating lower limb skeletal muscle mass as a component of nutrition assessment are limited. One potential simple and inexpensive method is lower extremity bioimpedance analysis (BIA). The present study had two objectives: to examine the determinants of lower limb resistance, with the underlying hypothesis that fluid-containing muscle is the main electrical conductor of the lower limbs; and to establish if a correlation of equivalent magnitude and similar covariates is observed when height squared (H2) is used instead of lower limb length squared (L2) in multiple regression models relating resistance to independent variables. METHODS Lower limb resistance was measured using a contact-electrode BIA system, and lower limb fat and skeletal muscle were estimated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in healthy adults. A physical BIA model was developed in the form of a regression equation with path-length (as L2 and H2)-adjusted resistance as dependent variables and lower limb skeletal muscle, fat, age, and gender as potential independent variables. RESULTS There were 94 subjects, 34 men and 60 women, with a mean (-/+SD) age of 41.5+/-17.8 years. Strong associations were observed between L2/resistance and lower limb skeletal muscle, although for both men and women, age entered into the model as a significant covariate (total R2, men = .79 and women = .72; both p < .001). Similar models were observed with H2/resistance as dependent variable. Additional analyses showed a significantly lower resistance in lower limb skeletal muscle and height-matched old vs young subjects. CONCLUSIONS Strong associations exist between measured lower limb resistance and lower limb muscle mass, adjusting for electrical path length either by L2 or H2. These observations suggest the potential of predicting skeletal muscle using BIA-measured lower limb resistance adjusted for stature. Age is also an independent variable in lower limb resistance-skeletal muscle associations, suggesting the need to establish underlying mechanisms of age-related resistance effects and to consider subject age when developing BIA prediction models.
Uncertainties in the estimation of ACF-based texture in synthetic aperture radar image data

Spatial analysis of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image data holds much promise for characterizing and discriminating environmental scene elements. The autocorrelation function (ACF) has been identified as a potentially useful spatial metric because it admits an analysis with conventional linear system theory. Recent models of spatial scattering suggest that ACF-based texture analysis of SAR image data is capable of discriminating between a variety of area extensive targets. The incorporation of texture in an image classification or segmentation system requires some understanding of the uncertainties in the texture estimates. In this paper, the authors introduce a particular ACF model and examine the errors associated with estimating its parameters from image measurements. They also conduct an analysis of two important classes of errors: imaging system errors and estimation errors. They found that as the proportion of raw signal used to create the image increases the effects of system errors rapidly degrade ACF performance. This has implications for operationally produced image products that do not use an autofocusing procedure. They also found that the agreement between theoretical and observed estimation errors is quite good, so that the scale of these errors may be accurately estimated during a spatial analysis of the image data. They found some residual bias that may be attributed to both the use of the ACF itself and to the way the ACF model was constructed.
Determinants of Economic Growth in Asian Countries: A Panel Data Perspective

Panel data analysis refers to two or multi-dimensional data set containing observations on multiple phenomena observed over multiple time periods (Baltagi, 2005; Gujarati, 2003 among many others). Real gross domestic product (CGDP) per capita is the most commonly used measure of a country’s economic welfare. It is the number reached by valuing all the productive activity within the country at a specific year’s prices. Determinants of economics growth are evaluated, gathered for nine Asian countries for forty years that leads to use the panel data analysis, whereas panel data may have group effects, time effects or both. Data is taken from Penn Word Table (an expanded set of international comparisons), Version 6.1 (2003) for different Asian countries contributing in the world economy. In this article, the comparison of ordinary least square, fixed and random effects for panel data analysis is carried out. Different specification tests, e.g. Breusch Pagan Lagrange Multiplier test, F-test, and Hausman specification test, etc., are used to make selection among ordinary least square, fixed effect model or random effect model. Random effect model seems best to handle such situation.
RESPONSE OF DATE PALM POLLEN TUBE GROWTH TO STORAGE PERIOD AND CONDITIONS

The growth rate of pollen tube of date palm (Pheonix dactylifera L.) pollen grains stored either freeze-dried or unfreeze-dried at 25, 4 and 8°C was measured after 3, 7 and 12 months of storage. The growth of pollen tube was found to be a function of storage period and storage conditions. The elongation rate of pollen tube of pollen grains stored at 25°C and 4°C decreased during storage and the reduction was obvious for unfreeze-dried pollen, while pollen grains stored at 8°C maintained high pollen tube growth rate over the storage period. Unfreeze-dried Pollens stored at 8°C retained viability after 24 months of storage and pollen tube had high rate of growth.
‘A brief history of homeopathy’

I was delighted to see an article in the JRSM on homeopathy,1 but my pleasure soon turned to dismay when the terms ‘quackery’ and ‘quacks’ appeared no less than eight times on the first page. No prejudice or bias here then! The author's hostility and frustration could be clearly felt through the rambling and bitter prose. It is a puzzle why a proportion of one's colleagues become so very angry when the subject of complementary medicine is raised. Practitioners of complementary medicine, including homeopathy, are among the mildest mannered and most well meaning of individuals, who have only their patients' best interests at heart. The idea that a doctor would go into homeopathy ‘for the money’ is ludicrous—there's precious little of that in it. What draws so many of our colleagues and their patients is disenchantment with the harshness and side effects of modern therapeutics. Homeopathy and other gentle complementary therapies are both effective and free of those side effects that so plague conventional medicine, with its mechanistic approach to human illness. Since we are all part of a caring profession, why should such an approach be so distressing to so many in the medical establishment? The wiser heads among us realise that all forms of therapeutics have their place and that we should be grateful for the diversity of approach that so adds to the interest of the medical world. Homeopathy copes well with those awkward illnesses (e.g. skin conditions, depression and asthma) for which conventional medicine has few answers, and vice versa. More tolerance and understanding would be a good thing.
Mapping of the Cristae Ampullares in Man

The submicroscopic structures of these cells were visualized through the electron microscope. Wersallreported two kinds of hair cells in the guinea pig crista. The type I cells, surrounded by nerve chalices, were concentrated on the summit of the crista, and the type II cells were predominantly found on the slopes of the crista. Spoendlin" observed the same distribution of hair cells in the squirrel monkey. In a light microscopic study of the guinea pig inner ear, Lindeman" found an even distribution of type I and type II cells over the whole crista (except for a narrow marginal zone with more type II cells) .
Differential Physiological Responses of Dalmatian Toadflax, Linaria dalmatica L. Miller, to Injury from Two Insect Biological Control Agents: Implications for Decision-Making in Biological Control

Abstract Successful biological control of invasive weeds with specialist herbivorous insects is predicated on the assumption that the injury stresses the weeds sufficiently to cause reductions in individual fitness. Because plant gas exchange directly impacts growth and fitness, characterizing how injury affects these primary processes may provide a key indicator of physiological impairment—which then may lead to reductions in fitness. The objective of this study was to use physiological methods to evaluate how the invasive weed, Linaria dalmatica L. Miller (Dalmatian toadflax), is affected by two introduced biological control agents within different injury guilds: the stem-boring weevil, Mecinus janthinus Germar, and the defoliating moth, Calophasia lunula Hufnagel. All studies with M. janthinus were conducted under field conditions at two sites in Montana in 2003 and 2004. For C. lunula evaluations, a total of five greenhouse studies in 2003 and 2004 were used. One field study in 2003 and two studies in 2004 also were conducted. Variables measured included net CO2 exchange rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate. Results from both field sites revealed that the primary physiology of Dalmatian toadflax was deleteriously affected by M. janthinus larval injury. There were no significant differences among treatments for any of the gas exchange variables measured in all eight experiments with C. lunula. Our results indicate that insect herbivores in two distinct injury guilds differentially affect Dalmatian toadflax physiology. Based on the primary physiological parameters evaluated in this study, M. janthinus had more impact on Dalmatian toadflax than C. lunula. With such information, improved risk-benefit decisions can be made about whether to release exotic biological control agents.