Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High‐Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells Enhanced by Solvent Treatment

A significant enhancement of efficiency in thieno[3,4-b]-thiophene/benzodithiophene:[6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PTB7:PC70 BM) solar cells can be achieved by methanol treatment. The effects of methanol treatment are shown in an improvement of built-in voltage, a decrease in series resistance, an enhanced charge-transport property, an accelerated and enlarged charge extraction, and a reduced charge recombination, which induce a simultaneous enhancement in open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Jsc), and fill factor (FF) in the devices.
Age-Related Changes and the Attention Network Task: An Examination of Alerting, Orienting, and Executive Function

ABSTRACT The effects of aging on alerting, orienting, and executive function were examined with the use of the Attention Network Task, which combines the Posner spatial cuing task and the Eriksen flanker task into a single procedure. We found that older adults showed significantly less alerting than young adults in response to a warning cue, although there were no age differences in orienting or executive function once processing speed was taken into account. We suggest that age differences in alerting may depend in part upon the presentation duration or persistence of the warning cue.
Sensitivity to Proprioceptive Feedback in Obese Subjects

40 subjects, 20 obese and 20 normal, were run on a weight-discrimination task requiring judgments dependent on proprioceptive feedback. A signal-detection analysis was used to separate sensory factors from non-sensory, response-bias factors in the analysis of the discriminations. Obese subjects were inferior to normals in ability to make sensory discriminations; the largest differences occurred between obese and normal males. Obese subjects also adopted a more strict criterion (β); the largest differences again occurred for male subjects. Obese subjects showed more variability in their sensory judgments, although there was a significant difference on only one of the 5 discrimination tasks. Results are discussed in terms of the internal-external explanation of obesity.
Calculation of Parameters of Overhead Power Lines

This paper describes the most common methods used for the calculation of overhead line parameters: Carson’s and Complex Depth of Earth Return (CDER) methods for the series impedance and Maxwell’s potential coefficients for the parallel capacitance. A program developed in Matlab language was created using the three methods stated above and comparisons were made between the results obtained using this program and those obtained using Line Constants program from ATP/EMTP and indicated very similar results for both programs. This is followed by a study on how the variation of frequency and material conductivity of the line conductors affects the series impedance and the parallel capacitance of the overhead line. An illustrative example of a line is used to observe these variations. For the series impedance it is concluded that results for both methods, Carson’s and CDER, are very similar and that the series resistance is the parameter that is most influenced by the frequency and by the conductivity. The series inductance and the parallel capacitance do not vary significantly. Results showed that the CDER method is accurate when comparing to Carson’s method and, being easier to use, it can replace Carson’s method in most cases.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH—EJACULATORY DISORDERS Primary Lifelong Delayed Ejaculation: Characteristics and Response to Bupropion

Introduction. In contrast to premature ejaculation and secondary delayed ejaculation (DE), primary lifelong DE has not been studied extensively. In addition, there is no approved drug treatment. Aims. To explore the clinical and laboratory characteristics of a series of men complaining of lifelong DE and to report the response to bupropion. Methods. Nineteen consecutive men with primary lifelong DE were prospectively enrolled in this study. Study group was compared with an age-matched group of 19 healthy men. Both groups underwent history taking, physical examination, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), anxiety, and depression scores, ejaculation latency time (IELT) using stop watch and measurement of serum prolactin (PRL) and serum total testosterone (T). Patients received open-label bupropion-SR 150 mg/day for 2 months. Main Outcome Measures. Stopwatch-measured IELT values, global efficacy question, IIEF, anxiety, and depression scores. Results. The mean age was 30.8 5.5 year (range 25-42 years). Men with DE exhibited significantly higher masturbatory activity during marital period, lower night emissions, longer IELT, lower orgasmic, and intercourse satisfaction domains of IIEF, higher anxiety and depression scores compared with the controls (all P < 0.05). Both serum T and PRL levels did not differ significantly between patients and controls (all P < 0.05). Four DE patients (21%) showed history of infertility. The percentage of DE men rating control over ejaculation as "fair to good" increased from 0 to 21.1% after bupropion therapy. The fold decreases of the geometric mean IELT was 0.74 after treatment. The intercourse satisfaction and the orgasmic domains of IIEF and depression score were significantly improved from baseline in the bupropion group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions. Lifelong DE is mainly associated with higher and idiosyncratic masturbatory activity, lower night emissions, infertility, longer IELT, lower orgasmic, and intercourse satisfaction domains of IIEF, higher anxiety and depression scores. Bupropion-SR in a daily dosage of 150 mg seemed to be of limited benefit in lifelong DE. Abdel-Hamid IA and Saleh E. Primary lifelong delayed ejaculation: Characteristics and response to bupro- pion. J Sex Med 2011;8:1772-1779.
Hillslope and channel evolution in a marine terraced landscape

A flight of marine terraces along the central California coastline provides a unique setting for the study of topographic evolution. Wavecut platforms mantled by 2–6 m of marine terrace cover deposits are separated by 10–50 m tall decaying sea cliffs. Paleocliff edges become more rounded with age, yet the details of the profiles and frequent bedrock exposure on the upper slopes imply weathering-limited transport. Five bedrock stream channels etched through the marine terrace sequence display one to three distinct convexities in their longitudinal profiles. Detailed hand level surveys of the hillslopes and of the stream channel longitudinal profiles constrain hillslope evolution and channel incision components of a numerical model of landscape evolution. We account for regolith production as a function of regolith depth. In accord with the field observation that hillslope processes are presently dominated by the activities of burrowing rodents, the transport process is taken to be diffusive. Stream incision is assumed to be controlled by stream power, for which we use the surrogate of local drainage area-slope product. Best fits of the numerical model to field data imply: hillslope diffusivity is 10 m2 kyr−1; regolith production rate on bare bedrock is 0.3 m kyr−1, and falls off rapidly with regolith cover, and the constant controlling the efficiency of stream incision is 5 to 7×10−7m−1 kyr1.
Complementation of a primer binding site-impaired murine leukemia virus-derived retroviral vector by a genetically engineered tRNA-like primer

Reverse transcription of retroviral genomes is primed by a tRNA annealed to an 18-nucleotide primer binding site. Here, we present a primer complementation system to study molecular interaction of the replication machinery with the primer and primer binding site in vivo. Introduction of eight base substitutions into the primer binding site of a murine leukemia virus-based vector allowed efficient RNA encapsidation but resulted in severely reduced vector replication capacity. Replication was restored upon complementation with a synthetic gene designed to encode a complementary tRNA-like primer, but not with a noncomplementary tRNA-like molecule. The engineered primer was shown to be involved in both the initiation of first-strand synthesis and second-strand transfer. These results provide an in vivo demonstration that the retroviral replication machinery may recognize sequence complementarity rather than actual primer binding site and 3' primer sequences. Use of mutated primer binding site vectors replicating via engineered primers may add additional control features to retroviral gene transfer technology.
The Effects of Advanced Age on the Incidence of Supraventricular Arrhythmias After Pneumonectomy in Dogs

Because advanced age is the strongest independent risk factor for the development of supraventricular arrhythmias after lung resection, we compared the incidence and premorbid events of supraventricular arrhythmias after pneumonectomy in young and elderly dogs with the aim of better understanding potential age-related arrhythmogenic mechanisms. Right pneumonectomy was performed in 15 male mongrel dogs (“old” ≥8 yr [n = 8], “young” <4 yr [n = 7]) and the electrocardiogram continuously recorded by an implantable telemetry system for 1 wk before euthanizing. After surgery, 7 of 8 older animals (88%) developed a total of 23 episodes of sustained (>30 s) paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), compared with 0 of 7 (0%) young dogs, P = 0.0014. Analysis of heart rate over the 60 min preceding the onset of SVT revealed a progressive increase in sinus rhythm beginning 15 min before the arrhythmia. Comparison of the heart rate and rhythm obtained in younger animals from the corresponding postoperative hour demonstrated that although older animals developed more atrial (P = 0.03) and ventricular premature contractions (P = 0.056) and episodes of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (P = 0.01), heart rate was similar for both groups until the increase in elderly dogs preceding the onset of SVT. Histologic examination of the atria showed interstitial fibrosis in old but not young animals. In addition, 4 of 8 (50%) elderly animals exhibited an inflammatory response within the atria consistent with acute myo- and epicarditis. We conclude that elderly dogs have an increased supraventricular arrhythmogenic potential within the first week after pneumonectomy than younger animals, perhaps because of increased atrial fibrosis and inflammation. Heart rate analysis before SVT onset suggests that adrenergic predominance was a probable responsible trigger.
Dimensions of Family Involvement in Early Childhood Education

FAMILY members have been involved in programs for early childhood education for handicapped children in a variety of ways. The nature of their involvement, however, has often been random or accidental, usually reflecting pressures of the immediate environment of the program, rather than the result of careful planning. Preschool education programs have Irequently interpreted involvement of family members in a very limited and narrow way, viewing their role as primarily passive or relegating them to PTA fund-raisingtype activities in the background of the educational program. Of the 179 project proposals that were disapproved under the Federal Handicapped Children's Early Education Assistance Act (Public Law 90538) in the first year of funding (1969), more than three-fourths were disapproved (or reasons related to inadequate participation of parents in the proposed programs. Professional literature has dealt with the area of family member participation largely as a concern either for the services parents should receive from an early education program or for. the things parents of children with particular handicaps should do to help their children. With an increasing national awareness of the need for involvement of parents in the educational process and with an increasing number of programs throughout the nation for the
Human Siglec-10 can bind to vascular adhesion protein-1 ( VAP-1 ) and generate enzymatic products

Human Siglec-10 can bind to vascular adhesion protein1 (VAP-1) and generate enzymatic products Elina Kivi, Kati Elima, Kristiina Aalto, Yvonne Nymalm, Kaisa Auvinen, Erkki Koivunen, Diana M. Otto, 7 Paul R. Crocker, Tiina A. Salminen, Marko Salmi, and Sirpa Jalkanen MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistokatu 6A4, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland; and The Finnish National Graduate School in Nanosciences, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland; and Institute of Public Health and Welfare, Kiinamyllynkatu 13, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520; and Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistokatu 6A, FIN-20520, Finland; and Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; and The Wellcome Trust Biocentre, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom; and Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 13, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland *equal contribution Running head: Siglec-10 is a VAP-1 ligand
Title New constraints on mechanisms of remotely triggered seismicity at Long Valley Caldera Permalink

[1] Regional-scale triggering of local earthquakes in the crust by seismic waves from distant main shocks has now been robustly documented for over a decade. Some of the most thoroughly recorded examples of repeated triggering of a single site from multiple, large earthquakes are measured in geothermal fields of the western United States like Long Valley Caldera. As one of the few natural cases where the causality of an earthquake sequence is apparent, triggering provides fundamental constraints on the failure processes in earthquakes. We show here that the observed triggering by seismic waves is inconsistent with any mechanism that depends on cumulative shaking as measured by integrated energy density. We also present evidence for a frequencydependent triggering threshold. On the basis of the seismic records of 12 regional and teleseismic events recorded at Long Valley Caldera, long-period waves (>30 s) are more effective at generating local seismicity than short-period waves of comparable amplitude. If the properties of the system are stationary over time, the failure threshold for longperiod waves is 0.05 cm/s vertical shaking. Assuming a phase velocity of 3.5 km/s and an elastic modulus of 3.5 10Pa, the threshold in terms of stress is 5 kPa. The frequency dependence is due in part to the attenuation of the surface waves with depth. Fluid flow through a porous medium can produce the rest of the observed frequency dependence of the threshold. If the threshold is not stationary with time, pore pressures that are >99.5% of lithostatic and vary over time by a factor of 4 could explain the observations with no frequency dependence of the triggering threshold.
Symptom clusters and quality of life in China patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE To explore the symptom clusters and quality of life in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was completed with 183 patients from three public hospitals in Xi'an, China. Patients completed a demographic questionnaire, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung Cancer (FACT-L) and the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI-C). Factor analysis was used to identify symptom clusters based on the severity of patients' symptom experiences. The resulting clusters were correlated with quality-of-life measures. RESULTS The QOL scores of lung cancer patients on the functioning subscale were the lowest (9.70±5.30), while those of the family subscale were the highest (19.28±3.24). Three symptom clusters were identified: gastrointestinal, emotional and fatigue-related symptoms. There was a negative relationship between the symptom clusters and multiple dimensions of quality of life (r -0.178 ∼-0.805, p< 0. 05). Females, especially those women with low education level /chronic diseases, were experienced greater symptom distress than others. CONCLUSIONS The clusters had a negative relationship with QOL. Identifying symptom clusters helped clarify possible inter-relationships which may lead to the establishment of more effective symptom management interventions for patients with lung cancer in order to improve the quality of life.
Estimating fetal age: how accurate is it really?

Estimating fetal age (and predicting calving date) from fetal size is commonly used on dairy farms. However, there is only limited evidence on how effectively fetometry predicts calving date. In their recent paper, Brownlie et al. (2016) use data from the New Zealand National Herd Fertility Study to assess how accurately veterinarians using transrectal ultrasonography predicted calving date, and to identify some of the factors affecting accuracy.
MC-CDMA in the Context of General Multiuser/ Multisubchannel Transmission Methods

MC-CDMA is considered in the context of more general multiuser / multisubchannel transmission systems. Those systems understand the transmission task for all users as an integrated whole and they allow an easy understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of MC-CDMA in comparison with alternative methods. Multiple antennas are also included. An appropriate vector-valued transmission model is explained and then special the cases OFDM-OFDMA and MC-CDMA are considered. Examples are discussed which demonstrate the advantages of spreading techniques in the context of OFDM-OFDMA and the additional gain in power (or bandwidth) efficiency compared with pure OFDM-OFDMA. Simulation results for an indoor scenario with 8 users are presented. Variants of MC-CDMA, extensions and alternatives are also discussed.
CHILD PROBLEM BEHAVIOURS IN ASD , OR ADHD CAREGIVERS 2 The Psychological , Endocrine , and Health Corollaries of Child Problem Behaviours in ASD , or ADHD Caregivers

Research has revealed a positive relationship between problem behaviours of the care recipient and psychological distress in the care provider. Rarely, however, have researchers assessed the relationship between problem behaviours of the care recipient and key physiological mechanisms, relevant for the physical health status of their caregivers. This study extends previous work by examining the psychological, endocrine, and health corollaries of child problem behaviours in parent caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Caregivers (n = 18) completed self report measures of psychological distress, child problem behaviours, and incidences of common health problems. To capture important parameters of the diurnal cortisol pattern, caregivers collected salivary cortisol at waking, 30 minutes post waking, 1200h, and 2200h on two consecutive weekdays. Findings revealed a positive association between caregivers’ perceived levels of stress and problems with child conduct behaviours. To the extent that caregivers reported more problems with child emotional and peer behaviours, they demonstrated flatter diurnal cortisol slopes, and reported increased frequencies of common health problems. The cortisol awakening response was also markedly diminished in caregivers that reported more problems with child hyperactivity behaviours. These findings have implications for interventions that aim to improve the psychophysiological well being of the caregiver through targeting the problem behaviours of the care recipient. CHILD PROBLEM BEHAVIOURS IN ASD, OR ADHD CAREGIVERS 3
[Change of cerebral blood flow velocity during 4 d head-down tilt bed rest].

Objective. To investigate the change of cerebral blood flow velocity during 4 d head-down tilt (HDT) bed rest in humans. Method. Eight healthy male volunteers were exposed to -6 degrees HDT bed rest for 4 d. Orthostatic tolerance was assessed by means of standard tilt test. Cerebral blood flow velocity in the right middle cerebral artery was measured by transcranial Doppler sonography before HDT (supine), on days 1, 3 and 4 of HDT and on day 2 post HDT. Result. After 4 d HDT, the frequency of orthostatic intolerance was significantly higher than those before HDT (P<0.05). The systolic, diastolic and mean blood velocities in the middle cerebral artery tended to decrease on days 1 and 3 of HDT, and decreased significantly on day 4 of HDT, compared with pre-HDT, and returned to basal levels on day 2 post HDT. The mean arterial blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increased significantly, while the body weight decreased significantly during HDT. Conclusion. It is suggested that 4 d HDT may decrease cerebral blood flow velocity and increase the frequency of orthostatic intolerance. This decrease of cerebral blood flow velocity may be partially responsible for the increased risk of orthostatic intolerance.
On the Determinants of Social Capital in Greece Compared to Countries of the European Union

Social capital refers to the stock of social relations, based on norms and networks of cooperation and trust that spill over to the market and state to enhance collective action between actors and achieve improved social efficiency and economic growth. The aim of the present paper is to discuss the implications of contemporary literature and empirical findings on social capital for the growth prospects of Greece, compared to the member-states of the European Union. In order to examine the potential of social capital to enhance growth, we must look into the factors that determine the nature and context of trust, norms and networks that have emerged in our multinational, multiethnic and multicultural Europe.The contribution of this paper is to offer insight on the determinants of social capital in Greece, compared to the European Union (EU - former 15 member-states). For this purpose, we regress an index of individual group membership, derived from the European Community Household Panel (ECHP), on a set of individual as well as aggregate factors of social capital. Regression results provide evidence of the impact of both individual and institutional characteristics on group membership. Differences on the extent of group membership between countries might be indicative of the historical and cultural differences that have affected the evolution of social capital across Europe. Particularly in Greece, the relatively low level of group membership compared to the other EU countries might provide further evidence of its low levels of civicness. Historically, its weak civil society has been a result of a prior civic tradition of clientelism under arbitrary rule, the interference of special-interest groups and the lack of credibility and impartiality from the part of the state. And these factors might be responsible for the slow pace in reform and growth observed compared to the rest of the EU. Nevertheless, the findings on the determinants of social capital may direct us to possible means of rebuilding patterns of participatory and cooperative behavior, especially in countries with low levels of trust and civicness, such as Greece.
Discrepancy Between Mother and Child Reports of Parental Knowledge and the Relation to Risk Behavior Engagement

The study examined discrepancies in mother and child reports of parental knowledge (PK) of a child's whereabouts, activities, and companions, as well as the extent to which discrepancies in reports of PK are related to child risk-taking behavior concurrently and prospectively across two time points. The sample consisted of 219 mother and early adolescent youth (M age = 11.0, SD = .8) dyads. Mother and child reports of PK significantly differed and, at both waves, scores on the risk taking composite related negatively to both mother and child reports of PK and positively to the discrepancy between the two reports. A significant interaction between mother and child reports was found at Wave 2, such that the relation between child reported PK and risk behavior was stronger when mothers reported high levels of parental knowledge versus low levels of parental knowledge. Prospective analyses indicated a main effect of mother report.