Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neonatal Gastrointestinal Emergencies in a Tertiary Care Center in Bhopal , India : A Prospective Study

Background: In emergency neonatal surgery is challenging and difficult, causing high morbidity and mortality. In our country, only few reports are there about the results and consequences of acute surgical abdominal emergencies in newborns. Objective: The aim of present study was to determine the etiology and clinical results in neonates with acute abdomen requiring surgical intervention. Materials and Methods: This was a 3 years prospective hospital-based study of all neonates who underwent surgery for acute gastrointestinal emergencies at Chirayu Medical College and hospital Bhopal from January 2012 to January 2015. Patient’s profile, symptoms, causes of acute surgical abdomen, clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results: A total of 25 neonates were studied, males were the majority being 18 (72.0%) Neonatal intestinal obstruction was the main abdominal surgical emergency. Anorectal malformation was seen in 12 (48%) cases. Abdominal distension was seen in 15 cases and failure to pass meconium was seen in 15 (19.2%) cases. Palliative surgery was done in 16 cases and definitive surgery was done in 9 cases. The mortality was seen in 5 neonates (20%). Conclusion: In present study, Intestinal obstruction was the major cause of acute surgical abdominal emergency. There is a need to increase care at all levels of referral in our country for the early management of sick newborns. Facilities such as neonatal ventilators, specialized neonatal surgeon, and operative facilities will result in better outcome.
Developmental stalling and organ-autonomous regulation of morphogenesis

Timing of organ development during embryogenesis is coordinated such that at birth, organ and fetal size and maturity are appropriately proportioned. The extent to which local developmental timers are integrated with each other and with the signaling interactions that regulate morphogenesis to achieve this end is not understood. Using the absolute requirement for a signaling pathway activity (bone morphogenetic protein, BMP) during a critical stage of tooth development, we show that suboptimal levels of BMP signaling do not lead to abnormal morphogenesis, as suggested by mutants affecting BMP signaling, but to a 24-h stalling of the intrinsic developmental clock of the tooth. During this time, BMP levels accumulate to reach critical levels whereupon tooth development restarts, accelerates to catch up with development of the rest of the embryo and completes normal morphogenesis. This suggests that individual organs can autonomously control their developmental timing to adjust their stage of development to that of other organs. We also find that although BMP signaling is critical for the bud-to-cap transition in all teeth, levels of BMP signaling are regulated differently in multicusped teeth. We identify an interaction between two homeodomain transcription factors, Barx1 and Msx1, which is responsible for setting critical levels of BMP activity in multicusped teeth and provides evidence that correlates the levels of Barx1 transcriptional activity with cuspal complexity. This study highlights the importance of absolute levels of signaling activity for development and illustrates remarkable self-regulation in organogenesis that ensures coordination of developmental processes such that timing is subordinate to developmental structure.
Marketing of the Life Sciences: A New Framework and Research Agenda for a Nascent Field

Although marketing scholars often seek to contribute new knowledge that is applicable across industries, some industries have unique characteristics that require industry-specific knowledge development. The authors argue that this requirement applies to the life sciences industry, defined as companies in pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and therapeutic medical devices. Marketers in the life sciences industry face novel and unique challenges along eight decision areas in therapy creation, therapy launch, and therapy promotion. In therapy creation, they face therapy pipeline optimization, innovation alliance formation, and therapy positioning decisions. In therapy launch, they face global market entry timing and key opinion leader selection decisions. Therapy promotion mostly revolves around sales force management, communication management, and stimulating patient compliance. The authors qualify these decision areas according to their practical importance and academic potential. The article derives preliminary generalizations and propositions from prior research and practice and steers further research in specific directions. The authors believe that marketing of the life sciences offers a fertile area for further research because, among other things, its potential impact transcends any problems typically investigated by marketing scholars.
Design and implementation of high-speed communication modem using ultrasonic sensors for underwater sensor networks

Underwater sensor networks (USN) for ocean development and disaster prevention have been emerged as one of interesting research topics recently. Since low-power, high-speed and inexpensive communication modem is a prerequisite for deployment of USN, in this paper we design and implement an underwater modem by utilizing general-purpose waterproof ultrasonic sensors. Also, we make some experiments in a water tank containing two point-to-point modems. According to the experiments, nearly error-free communication is possible at a distance of 1 meter with a data rate of 1 kbps and communication quality is rapidly deteriorated by the increase of data rate.
Time-reversed Lamb waves

Lamb waves are extensively involved in plate structure inspection because of their guided nature. However, their dispersive nature often limits their use in flaw detection. In this paper we show that the use of a time-reversal mirror (TRM) allows to automatically compensate for the dispersive nature of Lamb waves. Experiments showing the spatial and temporal behavior of time-reversed Lamb waves, demonstrate the ability of TRMs to self-focus and to recompress dispersive pulses. This is demonstrated in a set of experiments in which a broadband ultrasonic laser source is used to simulate a point Lamb wave source and an optical interferometer is used to map the time reversed elastic field. We also show that TRM may work in pulse echo mode and allows to detect and to focus along large 2-D plates on any flaws located in the inspected area.
Systemic Risk: A Survey

This paper develops a broad concept of systemic risk, the basic economic concept for the understanding of financial crises. It is claimed that any such concept must integrate systemic events in banking and financial markets as well as in the related payment and settlement systems. At the heart of systemic risk are contagion effects, various forms of external effects. The concept also includes simultaneous financial instabilities following aggregate shocks. The quantitative literature on systemic risk, which was evolving swiftly in the last couple of years, is surveyed in the light of this concept. Various rigorous models of bank and payment system contagion have now been developed, although a general theoretical paradigm is still missing. Direct econometric tests of bank contagion effects seem to be mainly limited to the United States. Empirical studies of systemic risk in foreign exchange and security settlement systems appear to be non-existent. Moreover, the literature surveyed reflects the general difficulty to develop empirical tests that can make a clear distinction between contagion in the proper sense and joint crises caused by common shocks, rational revisions of depositor or investor expectations when information is asymmetric ('information-based' contagion) and 'pure' contagion as well as between 'efficient' and 'inefficient' systemic events. JEL Classification: G21, G29, G12, E49
The Relationship Between Asthma and Obesity in Children: Is It Real or a Case of Over Diagnosis?

Objective: To determine whether obesity among children is associated with an increased incidence of asthma. Design and Method: Five thousand nine hundred eighty‐four children participated in a lung health study in the Ashkelon region, Israel. A lung health questionnaire was completed and they underwent spirometry. Body mass index (BMI) was then calculated for each child. Results: Three hundred two children (5.05%) were above the 95th percentile for BMI and considered obese. Obese children tended to wheeze more than the non‐obese children 14.5% vs. 10.5%, respectively (p < 0.038). Asthma (physician diagnosis) was diagnosed more often among obese children than non‐obese 7.2% vs. 3.9%, respectively (p < 0.008). Inhaler use was more prevalent among obese children than non‐obese 15.9% vs. 8.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). Bronchial hyperreactivity was significantly greater among the non‐obese asthmatic children compared with their obese counterparts, 352 (51.4%) vs. 10 (27.8%), respectively (p < 0.001). Chest symptoms and asthma were more frequent in obese than non‐obese boys. Conclusion: Asthma, wheezing, and inhaler use were more common in obese children than in non‐obese children. Symptoms were more prevalent among obese boys. Increasing BMI among children is a risk factor for asthma, which may in reality be obesity‐related chest symptoms that mimic asthma.
Performance analysis of a healthcare supply chain for RFID-enabled process reengineering

This study is part of a project which aims to study innovative RFID-based management systems, to optimise logistics in a blood transfusion centre (BTC). In 2009, an analysis of transfusion processes (AS IS 2009) and criticalities was carried out and a RFID-based process reengineering was performed (TO BE 2009). After several technical and management changes in BTC, a further process analysis was carried out and a new model (AS IS 2013) was implemented. The aim of the study is to evaluate efficiency and safety levels of BTC at present, and to compare the models using a coherent methodological approach. A failure modes, effects and criticalities analysis (FMECA) was carried out, in order to highlight criticalities related to patient safety and ad hoc key performance indicators (KPI) were designed and calculated for the two as is models. This paper describes a significant step prior to the design of UHF RFID systems.
Recognizing Intentions in Free Text Messages: Studies with Portuguese Language

Recent literature indicates that user intention analysis brings benefits for several computational tasks including information retrieval and communication. However, intentions are expressed implicitly in natural language texts. Domain related specificities and cultural language aspects hamper their machine representation and interpretation. This requires thorough investigations of intention recognition methods in free text to permit further exploring them. In this paper, we propose a technique based on the matching with representative key phrases and semantic extension of terms to detect instances of intention classes in natural language sentences. We explore a multidimensional framework of illocution categorization to structure the distinct intention classes. The conducted experiments with Portuguese language datasets of different characteristics reveal the potentialities of our method when analyzing the outcome of state-ofthe- art machine-learning based text-mining techniques.
An Assessment of Structural (Organizational) Capital Indicators in Knowledge Intensive Industries Evidence from Pharmaceutical Industry

During the last decade, intellectual capital (IC) and intangible assets has been widely considered as a critical tool to deliver successful business in an intensive- knowledge environment. Accordingly, the main goal of this paper is therefore to develop and prioritize the most important indicators of structural and relational capital in knowledge- based industries. Based on an extensive literature review, a valid and reliable questionnaire was designed. In order to data gathering, it was sent out to participants from both academic and university who qualified well in pharmaceutical practice. In order to exact prioritization of indicators, fuzzy TOPSIS technique as a MADM model was used. The fuzzy TOPSIS results revealed participants show high concerns especially about positive climate, ratio of investment in R&D and numbers of R&D projects regarding to structural capital, while considering the relational capital, more attention was paid to customers and strategic cooperation such as alliances and licensing.
Reaction of Isatin with Thiocarbohydrazide: A Correction

Heterocycles containing the indole ring system include some novel pharmacologically active compounds1–3). Isatin and its N‐acetylisatin are extremely versatile intermediates in the construction of a variety of heterocyclic systems when reacted with thiosemicarbazide derivatives. Literature survey revealed various interesting reactions of thiocarbohydrazide with cyclic ketones4), cyclic 1,2‐diketones5) and isatin6–8).
Meeting the Family: Promoting Humanism in Gross Anatomy

Background: Human dissection commonly occurs early in the undergraduate medical school curriculum, thus presenting an immediate opportunity for educators to teach and encourage humanistic qualities of respect, empathy, and compassion. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the impact of the Donor Luncheon, a unique program in which medical students meet the families of the anatomical donor prior to dissection in the anatomy course at the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine. Methods: Students were randomized into groups of 8 to attend the luncheon and either met with family of the donor or attended the luncheon with no donor family present. A questionnaire measured students’ attitudes at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and at the conclusion of the anatomy course. Results: Factor analysis revealed 5 scales. Analysis revealed statistically significant differences across time for Donor as Person, Dissection Process, and Donor as Patient and statistically significant differences between groups for Donor as Person and Donor as Patient. Conclusions: These results suggest that this program can provide students with the opportunity to maintain more humanistic attitudes at the beginning of their medical education career.
Reputation-quality mechanism in the context of mergers and acquisitions : financial advisors, financial analysts and acquirer performance

This thesis focuses on the reputation–quality mechanism in the context of mergers and acquisitions (M&A). This study specifically examines whether investment bank reputation is a determinant of M&A advisory service quality, and whether sell-side analyst reputation is a determinant of the predictive ability of stock recommendations. To begin with, this research investigates whether top-tier M&A financial advisors improve their acquirer clients’ performance in both the short and long term, and whether top-tier advisors can help their acquirer clients to gain bargaining advantage, allowing them to pay lower bid premiums. I find that acquirers advised by top-tier advisors outperform in the long term and pay lower bid premiums, suggesting that top-tier advisors do have superior skills. Furthermore, the social loafing hypothesis suggests that individuals exercise less effort when they work collectively. My research therefore explores whether multiple top-tier financial advisors can cooperate effectively to create value for their clients or whether they suffer from social loafing. This study finds that acquirers advised by multiple top-tier advisors gain greater long-term returns and pay lower bid premiums than acquirers advised by a single top-tier advisor. The results suggest that top-tier advisors care more about their reputational capital, and therefore do not suffer from social loafing. Instead, they can make concerted efforts to improve their clients’ performance and bargaining power. In addition, my study examines whether the pre-acquisition stock recommendations of sell-side analysts can be used to predict acquirer performance, and more importantly whether the recommendations of star analysts have stronger predictive ability for acquirer announcement performance than those of non-star analysts. I find that pre-deal consensus recommendations are an effective predictor of acquirer performance; however, star recommendations are not predictive of acquirer performance, while acquirers with more favourable non star consensus recommendations gain higher announcement returns. In other words, non-star recommendations have stronger predictive ability than star recommendations. Overall, this thesis provides new evidence on the reputation–quality mechanism in the context of M&A. The results suggest that market share-based league tables are reliable to reflect financial advisors’ skills, while sell-side analyst rankings are a kind of popularity contest.
Working Memory for Item and Temporal Information in Younger and Older Adults

ABSTRACT Two experiments examined age differences in mechanisms hypothesized to affect activation of item and temporal information in working memory. Activation levels were inferred from the ability to reject n-back lures matching items in different temporal positions. Information with the least decay had a performance advantage over less recent information, but was susceptible to the same temporal context errors found in all adjacent-to-target lure positions. Lures most distant from the current item showed a performance rebound. The pattern of increased magnitudes of age effects at adjacent-to-target positions indicated a reduction in older adults' working memory for temporal context information above and beyond item memory declines. Results overall support the emphasis on context information as a critical factor in working memory and cognitive aging.
EspP, a novel extracellular serine protease of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 cleaves human coagulation factor V

In this study, we identified and characterized a novel secreted protein, the extracellular serine protease EspP, which is encoded by the large plasmid of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7. The corresponding espP gene consists of a 3900 bp open reading frame that is able to encode a 1300‐amino‐acid protein. EspP is synthesized as a large precursor which is then processed at the N‐ and C‐termini during secretion. It can be grouped into the autotransporter protein family. The deduced amino acid sequence of EspP showed homology to several secreted or surface‐exposed proteins of pathogenic bacteria, in particular EspC of enteropathogenic E. coli and IgA1 proteases from Neisseria spp. and Haemophilus influenzae. Hybridization experiments and immunoblot analysis of clinical EHEC isolates showed that EspP is widespread among EHEC of the serogroup O157 and that it also exists in serogroup O26. A specific immune response against EspP was detected in sera from patients suffering from EHEC infections. Functional analysis showed that EspP is a protease capable of cleaving pepsin A and human coagulation factor V. Degradation of factor V could contribute to the mucosal haemorrhage observed in patients with haemorrhagic colitis.
Major changes in glucose metabolism, including new-onset diabetes, within 3 months after initiation of or switch to atypical antipsychotic medication in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.

OBJECTIVE To investigate 3-month changes in glucose metabolism in a naturalistic sample of patients with schizophrenia newly started on or switched to specific atypical antipsychotic medication therapy. METHOD One hundred eighty-three patients were evaluated before initiation and 3 months after with a 75-g glucose load oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Data were collected between November 2003 and January 2007. RESULTS Eight patients (4.4%) developed new-onset diabetes within 3 months. Initiation of clozapine resulted in a significantly higher risk for new-onset glucose abnormalities than initiation of aripiprazole (odds ratio = 67.29, 95% CI = 5.23 to 866.49). Significant drug x time interactions were found for all OGTT glucose assessments (fasting: F = 6.79, df = 5,177; p < .0001; 30 minutes: F = 3.89, df = 5,177; p = .0023; 60 minutes: F = 5.03, df = 5,177; p = .0002; 120 minutes: F = 3.78, df = 5,177; p = .0028), with the evolution of plasma glucose levels being significantly worse in patients initiated on clozapine therapy (fasting, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes), olanzapine therapy (fasting, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes), and quetiapine therapy (fasting and 60 minutes) than in patients initiated on aripiprazole therapy (p < .05). Clozapine was also significantly more deleterious than risperidone and amisulpride for fasting plasma glucose level changes (p < .05). Type of initiation (start or switch) did not affect any of the metabolic parameters. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of new-onset glucose abnormalities, including diabetes, in the first 3 months after newly starting or switching atypical antipsychotic medication is high and may be markedly influenced by type of prescribed antipsychotic. The importance of accurately screening for new-onset glucose abnormalities after initiation of an atypical antipsychotic is emphasized.
Transfer of Training of the Biofeedback-Assisted Control of Hand Temperature

This study examined the effect of prior biofeedback-assisted training of hand warming or hand cooling on the subsequent ability to train the opposite response. A two-group crossover design employed 43 subjects with one group receiving three days of hand warming followed by three days of hand cooling, while the second group received the opposite sequence. Analysis indicated subjects were able to produce the appropriate changes in hand temperature and were more successful at hand cooling than hand warming. During the transfer of training phase, subjects with prior training in hand cooling were able to produce warming above baseline levels compared with subjects initially trained to hand warm. In contrast, prior training of hand warming had no effect on the subsequent ability to cool hands.
Multi-Cell Uplink Radio Resource Management. A LTE Case Study

Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the next generation mobile broad-band network and its standardization has been finalized by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) in Release 8 (Rel’8). In order to ensure the long-term competitiveness for the next decade and beyond, the study item on LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) has been started as the next evolution step to investigate how LTE can become a real Fourth Generation (4G) network. This study explores the enhancement of LTE network in the Uplink (UL) direction at system level. In the earlier literature, most of the studies were focused on the single-cell Radio Resource Management (RRM) optimization, where the performance of multi-cell RRM is being less investigated. The inter-cell interference is the major concern in the LTE network. By exploiting the multi-cell solution, the impact of inter-cell interference can be limited, and the overall network performances can be further enhanced. Antenna downtilting is an efficient way to reduce the inter-cell interference in both UL and Downlink (DL) direction. With a certain optimal antenna downtilting angle, the received signal power is improved within its own serving cell and the inter-cell interference to the other neighboring cells is also reduced. However, if the antenna is downtilted too aggressively, it may result in insufficient coverage and mobility support. In this study, the mechanical antenna downtilting is firstly investigated in the UL LTE and the interaction of antenna downtilting together with UL Fractional Power Control (FPC) is also analyzed. Based on the antenna downtilting study, it can be foreseen that the User Equipment (UE)s who are close to the cell-border still suffer from the degradation of high level of inter-cell interference and the low signal quality due to the propagation loss. To solve this problem, the Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) solution is investigated. CoMP is an advanced technique for interference mitigation which is proposed in the LTE-A as one of the features to further reduce