Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Various Insecticides on the Development of the Egg Parasitoid Trichogramma dendrolimi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Abstract The toxicity of six insecticides, acephate, methomyl, ethofenprox, cartap, chlorfluazuron, and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was tested on different developmental stages of the egg parasitoid, Trichogramma dendrolimi (Matsumura). Each of the insecticides tested showed different degrees of toxicity to the parasitoid. Ethofenprox showed the highest toxicity and cartap showed relatively higher toxicity compared with the other insecticides. The development of the parasitoids treated with these two insecticides was normal, similar to that of the control group. Only the emergence of adult wasps from host eggs was disturbed. Emergence of the host, Mamestra brassicae larva was reduced following treatment with ethofenprox, cartap and methomyl. However, adult female wasps, which emerged from host eggs treated with the insecticides had the ability to oviposit normally.
Prefaces to the Novel: Robinson Crusoe and Novelistic Form

ABSTRACT In its early history the novel frequently deploys paratextual material to orient generic expectations, and in particular to navigate the often complex relation between the real and the fictional. Defoe's prefaces to the three instalments of the story of Robinson Crusoe map out an increasingly tortured attempt to puzzle out the world-forming quality of the novel and thus to construct a kind of proto-theory of novelistic form. Seeking both to claim the historical truth of the narrative and to deal with the consequences of the fact that that claim is untrue, these paratextual materials seek to reconcile novelistic invention with the revealed religious truth that stands above it.
An Intelligent Control for Lower Limb Exoskeleton for Rehabilitation

This paper proposes an intelligent lower extremity rehabilitation training system controlled by adaptive fuzzy controllers. The structure of the robotic leg exoskeleton can be divided into three parts including hip joint, knee joint, and ankle joint, which is driven by DC motors. Inverse kinematics with geometric strategy is applied to calculate joint angles from Clinical Gait Analysis (CGA) data. Then, the measured data is filtered before being sent to the controllers to improve control quality. Finally, workability of the proposed system is verified by simulation results with sufficient performances and effectiveness.
The Impact of Behavioral Health Risks on Worker Absenteeism

The relationship between behavioral health risks and worker absenteeism was investigated. Data on absenteeism and on 10 behavioral health risk areas were collected from 35,451 employees. Analyses examined whether higher health risks are associated with higher absenteeism, and whether a reduction in health risks translates into a reduction in absenteeism. Results revealed that a significant relationship existed between health risks and absenteeism in 8 of the 10 risk areas examined. Individuals who are at risk are more likely to be absent than individuals at low risk. Additional analyses revealed that individuals who reduce their risks in the areas of mental health, stress, and back are absent less often than individuals who remain at risk. These findings suggest that absenteeism, and the costs associated with it, may be controlled by health promotion programs and the reduction of health risks.
Cytotoxic activity of Hypericum perforatum L. on K562 erythroleukemic cells: differential effects between methanolic extract and hypericin

The influence of a methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum L. and of puriﬁed hypericin has been comparatively tested on the growth of a human erythroleukemic cell line (K562). After 1 h exposure to increasing concentrations (as hypericin content) of both agents in the dark, leukemic cells were grown for 24 h and 48 h. The effects on cell growth were determined by viable cell count, flow cytometry analysis and fluorescence microscopy. Our data show that puriﬁed hypericin has only a weak inhibitory effect on cell growth and no effect in inducing apoptotic cell death. In contrast, the Hypericum flower extract shows a signiﬁcant concentration‐dependent and long‐lasting inhibition of cell growth, and induces apoptotic cell death. This work conﬁrms the interesting role of Hypericum perforatum L. in cancer therapy and strongly supports the hypothesis that agents, other than hypericin, present in the total extract can impair tumor cell growth acting separately or in a combined manner. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metabolic Profiling of the Sink-to-Source Transition in Developing Leaves of Quaking Aspen1

Profiles of small polar metabolites from aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) leaves spanning the sink-to-source transition zone were compared. Approximately 25% of 250 to 300 routinely resolved peaks were identified, with carbohydrates, organic acids, and amino acids being most abundant. Two-thirds of identified metabolites exhibited greater than 4-fold changes in abundance during leaf ontogeny. In the context of photosynthetic and respiratory measurements, profile data yielded information consistent with expected developmental trends in carbon-heterotrophic and carbon-autotrophic metabolism. Suc concentration increased throughout leaf expansion, while hexose sugar concentrations peaked at mid-expansion and decreased sharply thereafter. Amino acid contents generally decreased during leaf expansion, but an early increase in Phe and a later one in Gly and Ser reflected growing commitments to secondary metabolism and photorespiration, respectively. The assimilation of nitrate and utilization of stored Asn appeared to be marked by sequential changes in malate concentration and Asn transaminase activity. Principal component and hierarchical clustering analysis facilitated the grouping of cell wall maturation (pectins, hemicelluloses, and oxalate) and membrane biogenesis markers in relation to developmental changes in carbon and nitrogen assimilation. Metabolite profiling will facilitate investigation of nitrogen use and cellular development in Populus sp. varying widely in their growth and pattern of carbon allocation during sink-to-source development and in response to stress.
Brush border myosin Ia inactivation in gastric but not endometrial tumors

Brush border Myosin Ia (MYO1A) has been shown to be frequently mutated in colorectal tumors with microsatellite instability (MSI) and to have tumor suppressor activity in intestinal tumors. Here, we investigated the frequency of frameshift mutations in the A8 microsatellite in exon 28 of MYO1A in MSI gastric and endometrial tumors and found a high mutation rate in gastric (22/47; 46.8%) but not endometrial (3/48; 6.2%) tumors. Using a regression model, we show that MYO1A mutations are likely to confer a growth advantage to gastric, but not endometrial tumors. The mutant MYO1A7A protein was shown to lose its membrane localization in gastric cancer cells and a cycloheximide‐chase assay demonstrated that the mutant MYO1A7A protein has reduced stability compared to the wild type MYO1A. Frequent MYO1A promoter hypermethylation was also found in gastric tumors. Promoter methylation negatively correlates with MYO1A mRNA expression in a series of 58 non‐MSI gastric primary tumors (Pearson's r = −0.46; p = 0.0003) but not in a cohort of 54 non‐MSI endometrial tumors and treatment of gastric cancer cells showing high MYO1A promoter methylation with the demethylating agent 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine, resulted in a significant increase of MYO1A mRNA levels. We found that normal gastric epithelial cells, but not normal endometrial cells, express high levels of MYO1A. Therefore, when considered together, our findings suggest that MYO1A has tumor suppressor activity in the normal gastric epithelium but not in the normal endometrium and inactivation of MYO1A either genetically or epigenetically may confer gastric epithelial cells a growth advantage.
Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for benign prostate hyperplasia: separating truth from marketing hype.

PURPOSE Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) is being used with increasing frequency by urologists as a minimally invasive therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). There are various modifications to this technology, with each manufacturer touting safety and efficacy. We review the rationale of TUMT, as well as the historical safety and efficacy of this approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed the medical literature, including peer reviewed articles and abstracts. In addition, we analyzed promotional material distributed by various manufacturers with respect to scientific accuracy. RESULTS TUMT results in consistent improvement in symptoms and peak urinary flow rate. Symptom improvement ranges between 9 and 11 points, compared to a 6-point improvement in sham treated patients, and peak urinary flow rate increases 3 to 5 ml per second. The degree of coagulation necrosis is different among the various TUMT devices. Although coagulation necrosis is believed to be an important proxy for clinical success, there are few data that correlate this factor with the magnitude of either symptomatic or uroflow improvement. CONCLUSIONS TUMT is a safe and effective therapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to BPH. In addition, there are distinct advantages to each of the devices. However, intense marketing and hyperbole have dominated this segment of the BPH market. Ultimately, the most effective TUMT device can only be determined by direct comparison studies.
ROC performance evaluation of RADSPM technique

The purpose of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is to map areas of increased neuronal activity of the human brain. fMRI has been applied to investigate a variety of neuronal processes from activities in the primary sensory and motor cortices to cognitive functions such as perception or learning. Robust anisotropic diffusion of statistical parametric maps (RADSPM) is a new technique to improve functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. RADSPM attempts to improve voxel classification based on robust anisotropic diffusion (RAD) to include the spatial relationship between active voxels. This paper compares two fMRI postprocessing techniques used to identify areas of increased neuronal activity, a widely used method, correlation analysis, and RADSPM. In recent years, the use of ROC analysis has been extended from its original use in communication systems to machine learning, pattern classification and fMRI. We proposed to use ROC curves and the area under the curve (AUC) not only as a final performance evaluation and visualizing technique but as a gauging parameter procedure in RADSPM. We give a brief review of the main methods and conclude presenting experimental results and suggesting further research alternatives.
The impact of hemiparalysis on the expression of osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE Primary generalized osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent joint disease, is usually symmetric. Sporadic case reports mention decreased OA manifestations in limbs in which there are neurologic deficits, but no systematic research has been published. The aim of the present study was to examine these observations in a planned and controlled survey in a group of patients with OA. METHODS Seventy-five geriatric patients with a history of stroke and hemiparalysis were studied clinically and radiographically (hand radiographs; graded according to a modified Altman method) for the presence and the degree of OA in the hands. Detailed clinical and radiologic scores were calculated for each hand. Demographic, occupational, and neurologic data were collected. Patients with other joint or neurologic conditions were excluded. A group of 55 elderly patients without stroke were similarly studied (controls). Scores in the paralyzed hand were compared with those in the nonparalyzed hand in the stroke patients and subgroups (by Student's paired t-test and Wilcoxon test). Scores in the dominant hands were compared with those in the nondominant hands in stroke patients and control subjects (by Student's paired t-test and Mann-Whitney test). Correlation between the degree of neurologic damage and OA asymmetry (Pearson's correlation coefficient) was also sought. RESULTS Paralyzed hands showed significantly fewer OA changes than nonparalyzed hands, both clinically and radiologically. This trend, accentuated in patients with more severe paralysis, disappeared in those with mild residual paresis. Asymmetry of OA was more pronounced in patients with flaccid, compared with spastic, paralysis. The degree of paralysis and loss of muscle strength correlated with the degree of OA asymmetry. Women had significantly higher OA scores than men. In the control group, dominant hands had higher OA scores, but this finding was concealed among hemiparalyzed patients. Lifetime gross occupational load and present grip strength did not correlate with the degree of OA. CONCLUSION In elderly patients, hemiparalysis reduces ipsilateral hand expression of OA, while OA is accentuated (or increased) in the dominant hand of patients without paralysis. This first systematic study confirms the findings of previous case reports and lends support to the role of biomechanical factors in the development of OA.
A note on curvature and fundamental group

Define the growth function γ associated with a finitely generated group and a specified choice of generators {gl7 -, gp} for the group as follows (compare [9]). For each positive integer s let γ(s) be the number of distinct group elements which can be expressed as words of length < s in the specified generators and their inverses. (For example, if the group is free abelian of rank 2 with specified generators x and y, then γ(s) = 2s + 2s -f 1. ) We will see that the asympotic behavior of γ(s) as s —• oo is, to a certain extent, independent of the particular choice of generators (Lemma 1). This note will make use of inequalities relating curvature and volume, due to R. L. Bishop [1], [2] and P. Gύnther [3], to prove two theorems. Theorem 1. // M is a complete n-dimensional Riemannian manifold whose mean curvature tensor R^ is everywhere positive semidefinite, then the growth function γ(s) associated with any finitely generated subgroup of the fundamental group 7ΓjM must satisfy
Flavor dependence ofCPasymmetries and thermal leptogenesis with strong right-handed neutrino mass hierarchy

We prove that taking correctly into account the lepton flavour dependence of the $CP$ asymmetries and washout processes, it is possible to obtain successful thermal leptogenesis from the decays of the second right-handed neutrino. The asymmetries in the muon and tau-flavour channels are then not erased by the inverse decays of the lightest right-handed neutrino ${N}_{1}$. In this way, we reopen the possibility of ``thermal leptogenesis'' in models with a strong hierarchy in the right-handed Majorana masses that is typically the case in models with up-quark neutrino-Yukawa unification.
Hybrid Global Matrix/Local Interaction Simulation Approach for Wave Propagation in Composites

This paper presents a hybrid approach to model guided wave propagation in composite laminates. The global matrix approach is used to determine the displacement field surrounding a piezoelectric actuator. The displacement field is then enforced in a specified region of a numerical model that employs the local interaction simulation approach. This hybrid approach improves upon previous local interaction simulation approach methods that prescribe in-plane displacements within the actuator profile to model actuation. Additionally, it circumvents the problem of modeling nonrectangular actuators in the Cartesian discretization in the local interaction simulation approach. Results show that the hybrid model outperforms previous local interaction simulation approach models when considering actuation from circular, square, and composite long-range variable-direction emitting radar actuators. The hybrid model produces wave propagation time histories that closely match the baseline global matrix method and successfu.
Barriers to physical activity among predominantly low-income African-American patients with type 2 diabetes.

Physical activity is one of the most neglected aspects of the type 2 diabetes treatment regimen (1). Environmental barriers may play a role (2), particularly among African-American patients who report more physical activity barriers than Caucasians (3,4). African-American focus groups reported numerous barriers, including unsafe walking areas, transportation problems, lack of child care, peripheral neuropathy, and degenerative joint disease, some of which are not assessed by existing questionnaires (5,6). Despite these initial qualitative findings from focus groups, there is limited quantitative research addressing physical activity barriers specific to African-American or low-income diabetic samples. The current objective was to examine barriers reported by this population. The relationships between barriers and medical outcomes, demographic variables, and attitudes about exercise were examined. Participants included 105 adult patients with type 2 diabetes attending primary care appointments. The clinic was affiliated with a public teaching hospital providing care to predominantly low-income African-American patients. Patients were approached in the waiting room before appointments. After obtaining informed consent, study personnel administered demographic and diabetes history questionnaires. They assessed 35 perceived barriers to physical activity, which were taken from several …
Role of gray scale and color Doppler in differentiating benign from malignant ovarian masses

Objectives: To evaluate prospectively the relative usefulness of color Doppler and gray scale sonography in differentiating benign from malignant ovarian masses and evaluation of scoring systems Sassone and Alcazar for differentiating benign from malignant ovarian masses. Methods: Study was conducted during the period of Jan 2006 to Oct 2007 in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, New civil Hospital, Surat. The study was conducted mainly with the help of department of radio-diagnosis. The study include 100 patient clinically suspected to have ovarian neoplasm and referred to department of radio-diagnosis where evaluation with Ultrasonography and Doppler was done. The efficacy of scoring systems were evaluated by histopathological examination of mass or fine needle aspiration cytology or presence of malignant cells in ascetic fluid. Results: Sassone's scoring system was able to identify 72 out of 78 benign masses and 18 out of 22 malignant masses.where as Alcazar system with use of colour Doppler was able to identify 75 out of 78 benign and 21 out of 22 malignant ovarian masses. Sensitivity and specificity of sassone is 81.8%,92.3% respectively, where as that of Alcazar is 95.5%, 96.2% respectively. Conclusion: Using both gray scale and colour Doppler in differentiating benign from malignant ovariam masses is giving results with more accuracy and Alcazar system is better performing than sassone's scoring systems.
Positron Emission Tomography Demonstrated Localized Luxury Perfusion in Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

Positron emission tomography (PET) was performed on two patients in different stages of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and compared with the concurrent computed tomography (CT) findings and clinical status. Case 1, which was in stage II, showed luxury perfusion in the anterior half of the cerebrum and decreases of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism in the right frontal watershed zone, where CT showed low density. Case 2, which was in stage III, showed marked decreases of cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen in all regions except the occipital region. The present PET study demonstrated that SSPE showed inflammatory-destructive progression and rostral-caudal progression. Further, it was suspected that low density on CT scan, especially in the watershed zone, resulted partly from disturbances in cerebral circulation (J Child Neurol 1990;5:311-315).
Vasopressin and thirst in patients with posterior pituitary ectopia and hypopituitarism

Partial diabetes insipidus has been documented in patients with congenital hypopituitarism and posterior pituitary ectopia, some cases being clinically silent except for enuresis. The objective of our study was to evaluate vasopressin (AVP) secretion and thirst appreciation in hypopituitary patients with posterior pituitary ectopia.
Automatic Scoring of Monologue Video Interviews Using Multimodal Cues

Job interviews are an important tool for employee selection. When making hiring decisions, a variety of information from interviewees, such as previous work experience, skills, and their verbal and nonverbal communication, are jointly considered. In recent years, Social Signal Processing (SSP), an emerging research area on enabling computers to sense and understand human social signals, is being used develop systems for the coaching and evaluation of job interview performance. However this research area is still in its infancy and lacks essential resources (e.g., adequate corpora). In this paper, we report on our efforts to create an automatic interview rating system for monologuestyle video interviews, which have been widely used in today’s job hiring market. We created the first multimodal corpus for such video interviews. Additionally, we conducted manual rating on the interviewee’s personality and performance during 12 structured interview questions measuring different types of jobrelated skills. Finally, focusing on predicting overall interview performance, we explored a set of verbal and nonverbal features and several machine learning models. We found that using both verbal and nonverbal features provides more accurate predictions. Our initial results suggest that it is feasible to continue working in this newly formed area.
Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Sexually Active Jordanian Females

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of the most important sexually transmitted infections among women of child bearing age in Jordan. Goal: To assess the need for screening programs to detect sexually transmitted infections. Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study wherein consecutive symptomatic and asymptomatic women presenting to gynecology and family planning clinics from different areas in Jordan were tested for reproductive tract infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum, and Trichomonas vaginalis. Results: The prevalence of C. trachomatis infection was 0.6% and 0.5%, among symptomatic and asymptomatic women respectively, that of N. gonorrhoeae was 0.9% and 2.2%, that of T. pallidum 0.0% and 0.0%, and that of Tr. vaginalis was 0.7% and 0.5%. These prevalence rates did not differ significantly between symptomatic and asymptomatic women. Conclusions: Based on the low prevalence of sexually transmitted infections detected in this study among Jordanian women, the need for screening programs for such infections is questioned.