Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biochemical and haematological responses to thermal stress in Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings

An experiment was conducted to understand the effect of thermal shock on stress and recovery in Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings. L. rohita fingerlings were exposed to a temperature of 380C for 2 h and permitted to recuperate afterwards for 48 h. Primary and secondary stress parameters were analysed after 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h of recovery. The activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and acetylcholine esterase reduced significantly (p<0.05). Erythrocytes, haemoglobin, respiratory burst activity and lysozyme levels increased significantly (p<0.05) by 7.31, 23.91, 109.09 and 70.13% after thermal shock, whereas leucocytes, serum protein, albumin and globulin showed a reverse trend. During recovery, biochemical parameters normalised in 48 h. However, immunological variables such as serum total protein, albumin and globulin, and histopathological changes in gill and kidney tissues did not return to normal condition.
Detection of -tubulin gene from benomyl sensitive isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing anthracnose disease in mango

Twenty six isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from anthracnose infected mango fruits were isolated from different places of Tamil Nadu, India and these isolates were identified as C. gloeosporioides by Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and species specific (CgInt) primers. The sensitivity of C. gloeosporioides isolates to benomyl fungicide were evaluated at five different concentrations viz., 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 mg/l through poisoned food technique and were expressed very less to highly sensitiveness to the fungicide. All the twenty six isolates were able to grow at the lowest concentration of 0.5 mg/l benomyl amended medium and the average mycelial growth was 70.70 mm at even days after inoculation. At the highest concentration of 10 mg/l benomyl, only two isolates viz., MCG 7 and 16 were able to grow with the mycelial diameter of 12.00 and 18.00 mm, respectively and 100% inhibition was found in the remaining isolates. In addition, benzimidazole sensitive and resistance β tubulin gene sequences of TUB 1 and TUB2 were amplified from the benomyl sensitive isolates of C. gloeosporioides. The results indicated the differential resistance or sensitivity to benomyl fungicide against C. gloeosporioides and thereby allowed to identify the variability and diversity of the isolates on regional basis.
ANALYSIS OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL, NONLINEAR DEVELOPMENT OF WAVE-LIKE STRUCTURE IN A COMPRESSIBLE ROUND JET

An analysis of the nonlinear development of the large-scale structures or instability waves in compressible round jets was conducted using the integral energy method. The equations of motion were decomposed into two sets of equations; one set governing the mean flow motion and the other set governing the large-scale structure motion. The equations in each set were then combined to derive kinetic energy equations that were integrated in the radial direction across the jet after the boundary-layer approximations were applied. Following the application of further assumptions regarding the radial shape of the mean flow and the large structures, equations were derived that govern the nonlinear, streamwise development of the large structures. Using numerically generated mean flows, calculations show the energy exchanges and the effects of the initial amplitude on the coherent structure development in the jet.
Coprological study of gastrointestinal parasites of captive animals at Rangpur Recreational Garden and Zoo in Bangladesh

A survey was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in different groups of mammals housed at Rangpur Recreational Garden and Zoo in Bangladesh. A total of 45 fecal samples of different animals (11 carnivores, 26 herbivores and 8 primates) were examined from April to September 2011 for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites. The overall prevalence of parasitic infection was 60% (27/45) of which 35.6% (16/45) were helminth infections and 24% (11/45) were protozoic infections. The identified parasites included protozoa (Balantidium coli and Coccidia sp.), nematodes (Toxascaris leonina, Toxocara cati, Strongyloides sp., Dictyocaulus sp., Trichuris sp. and stomach worm), cestodes (Spirometra sp. and Moniezia benedeni) and trematodes (Fasciola sp.). At least one parasite was identified in the fecal samples of all animals except of the samples from bear, python, water buck and olive baboon. Mixed infections were observed in Rhesus monkey (Trichuris sp. and Balantidium coli), in deer (Strongyloides sp. and Coccidia sp.) and in lion (Toxascaris leonina and Spirometra sp.). Helminth infections were more common than protozoic infections in carnivores and herbivores, whereas in primates, protozoic infections were more common than helminth infections. The high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites found in zoo animals in this study emphasizes the importance of controlling these parasitic infections in order to safeguard the health of housed wild animals and of the humans working with these animals.
Coenzyme Q10 supplementation for diabetes and its complications: an overview

This article reviews the potential role of dietary supplementation with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) for the management of patients with type 2 diabetes. The rationale for supplementation with CoQ10 is based on its key roles in cellular energy metabolism and as an antioxidant, and its potential mediation of oxidative stress and inflammation, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Randomised controlled clinical trials have demonstrated that supplementation with CoQ10 can significantly improve glycaemic control, as well as improving vascular dysfunction. Supplementation with CoQ10 may be of particular importance in type 2 diabetics prescribed statins and in those with fatty liver disease. Supplemental CoQ10 is usually well tolerated, with no significant adverse effects reported in long-term use. The importance of product quality and bioavailability cannot be over-emphasised, since this may be a factor in the disparity of findings from clinical trials supplementing CoQ10.
Molecular Characterization of Egyptian Isolates of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium

Strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were isolated from processed milk collected in Cairo, Egypt. Lactobacilli was isolated on Acetate media (SL) of Rogosa and Mitchell-Weisman. While Bifidobacterium was isolated on DSM medium (Difco Sporulation Medium). The isolates were characterized microscopically, morphologically and by some biochemical tests. DNA was extracted from the specified isolates using (Qiagen, Germany. Cat #51306) and species-specific primers for Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were designed to amplify the 16s rDNA gene as a conserved region in the bacterial DNA. Elution of the target band from the gel was performed efficiently and the 16S rDNA region was subjected to sequencing using Sequencer ABI PRISM 3730XL Analyzer. The sequencing data obtained suggested that the two studied isolates were (at the genus level) designated as Lactobacillus and uncultured Bifidobacterium. When the sequencing data was aligned on http://www.ncbi. nlh.nih. gov, it shows 88% homology and expected value of 7e-164 to Lactobacillus kiranofaceins but dendogram tree shows more homology to Lactobacillus plantarum family. While the other sample showed 91% homology and expected value of 3e-113 with Uncultured Bifidobacterium Clone R333 16S rRNA gene. (Hashem S.; H. H. Sabit; M. Amin; W. Tawakkol; and A. F. Shamseldin. Molecular Characterization of Egyptian Isolates of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Journal of American Science 2010;6(11):959-964). (ISSN: 1545- 1003).
Statistical optimisation of the exopolysaccharide production by
 Lactobacillus fermentum
 Lf2 and analysis of its chemical composition

Fil: Ale, Elisa Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Lactologia Industrial. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingenieria Quimica. Instituto de Lactologia Industrial; Argentina
THE EFFECT OF DEPTH OF HOOKS, SET AND SOAK TIME TO THE CATCH PER UNIT OF EFFORT OF TUNA IN THE EASTERN INDIAN OCEAN

Yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye (T. obesus) tuna have been intensively exploited by longline fleets since 1980’s, however, a large proportion of zero catch per set of target species still accurred. Zero catch data contributed significantly to the low catch per unit of effort (CPUE) compared to other countries at the same fishing area. Therefore, understanding the factors contributed to the CPUE of tuna is essential, in order to improve longline fishing efficiency. A total of 2.115 set-by-set data were obtained from Indonesian Scientific Observer Program. The onboard observations were carried out at commercial tuna longline operated in Eastern Indian Ocean from August 2005 to December 2014. Several analytical approaches were conducted in this paper. First, General Linear Model (GLM) was applied in order to model the relationship between CPUE with all the variables involved. Second, boxplot diagram, polynomial and linear regression were applied to fit the relationship between CPUE with set time, soak time and depth (represented by hook position) respectively. The result showed that, there was no significant relationship between set time and CPUE of bigeye and yellowfin tuna. Soak time was positively related with CPUE of yellowfin and affect adversely on bigeye. Depth also have significant relationship with CPUE of tuna, where catch of yellowfin decreased linearly with hook depth, whereas catch of bigeye was performed the opposite. Improvement in tuna longline fishery in eastern Indian Ocean can be achieved through implementation of the specific soak time and hook depth for each target species, i.e. yellowfin and bigeye tuna.
Postnatal development and functional connectivity of the subiculum

4 Impact Statement . 5 Table of Figures . 9 Table of Tables . 12 Abbreviations . 13 Chapter 1 The Spatial Cognitive Map . 15 1.1 Tolman and the Cognitive Map . 15 1.1.1 – Looking for the Cognitive Map. 16 1.1.2 – Beyond Place Cells . 17 1.2 Anatomy of a Cognitive Map . 19 1.2.1 – The Hippocampal Formation . 21 1.2.2 – The Parahippocampal Region . 35 1.2. 3 – Embryonic development and postnatal maturation of hippocampal fields . 43 Chapter 2 Physiology of the Spatial Cognitive Map . 46 2.1 Electrophysiology at the population level . 46 2.2 Single-Unit Activity . 47 2.2.1 – Spatially Modulated Neurons – Place Cells . 48 2.2.2 – Spatially Modulated Neurons – Head-Direction Cells . 51 2.2. 3 – Spatially Modulated Neurons – Boundary Vector Cells . 54 2.2. 4 – Spatially Modulated Neurons – Grid Cells . 57 2.2. 5 – Other spatial cell types without spatial correlates . 60 Chapter 3 General aspects of rodent postnatal development . 61 3.1 General behavior and locomotion . 61 3.2 Olfaction. 64 3.3 Somatosensation . 64 3.4 Auditory perception . 64 3.5 Vision . 64 3.6 Vestibular functions . 65 3.7 Hippocampal Associated Spatial Behaviors . 65 3.7. 1 – Exploratory Behavior . 65 3.7. 2 – Path Integration . 66
Application of multiple NIRS imaging device to the exercising muscle metabolism

Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a developing technique that measures the balance between muscle oxygen consumption and oxygen supply that is noninvasive and potentially portable. Differential absorption of light in the 600-900 nm region detects the changes in small vessel hemoglobin oxygen saturation and blood volume. Recent developments include the combining of multiple light sources and photodetectors to provide "images" of oxygen saturation and blood volume of wide regions of muscle. Using multiple NIRS imaging device, we monitored localized muscle metabolism during various exercises in the field as well as in the laboratory. In healthy subjects, the regional differences in oxygen saturation and blood volume were detected in the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle during a standing plantar flexion exercise, consistent with differences in intramuscular pressure. Patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) showed slower recovery for both oxygenation and blood volume after exercise. Treatment for PAD resulted in improvements in NIRS-measured recovery times. In summary, NIRS devices have the ability to detect and monitor impaired muscle circulation. In addition, NIRS devices with multiple channels have the potential to evaluate the regional differences in oxygen status. Multiple NIRS imaging devices have the potential to play an important role in monitoring exercise prescription and clinical uses.
Decoding the Relationship between Employee's Jobs Related Behaviors: A Study of Telecom Sector of Pakistan

Employees being the most important asset for organization have always been of significant importance. Considering the importance of human resource/work force, numerous studies have been conducted to find out various factors that can influence them positively or negatively. These studies are conducted both from organizational perspective and employees’ perspective. This research is basically from employee perspective, and attempts to identify how various behavioral traits can be related. This study considers two important behavioral traits of employees i.e. commitment and job involvement, and tries to identify whether they are related with each other. For the study 318 employees of telecom companies of Pakistan were randomly selected. Questionnaire was used for data collection. Findings of the study suggest that there is positive and significant relationship between employee commitment towards organizations and their level of involvement in organizational activities.
A Catalog of Photometric Redshift and the Distribution of Broad Galaxy Morphologies

We created a catalog of photometric redshift of ∼3,000,000 SDSS galaxies annotated by their broad morphology. The photometric redshift was optimized by testing and comparing several pattern recognition algorithms and variable selection strategies, and was trained and tested on a subset of the galaxies in the catalog that had spectra. The galaxies in the catalog have i magnitude brighter than 18 and Petrosian radius greater than 5.5″. The majority of these objects are not included in previous SDSS photometric redshift catalogs such as the photoz table of SDSS DR12. Analysis of the catalog shows that the number of galaxies in the catalog that are visually spiral increases until redshift of ∼0.085, where it peaks and starts to decrease. It also shows that the number of spiral galaxies compared to elliptical galaxies drops as the redshift increases.
The Effects of Dynamic Functional Electrical Stimulation With Treadmill Gait Training on Functional Ability, Balance Confidence and Gait in Chronic Stroke Patients

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of walking on a treadmill while using dynamic functional electrical stimulation (Dynamic FES) on functional ability and gait in chronic stroke patients. This was a prospective, randomized controlled study. Twelve patients with chronic stroke (>24 months) who were under grade 3 in dorsiflexor strength with manual muscle test were included and randomized into intervention (Dynamic FES) (n1=7) and control (FES) (n2=5). Both the Dynamic FES group and FES group were given a neuromuscular development treatment. The Dynamic FES group has implemented a total of 60 minutes of exercise treatment and gait training with Dynamic FES application. The FES group, with the addition of applying FES while sitting, has also implemented a total of 90 minutes of gait training on treadmill after the exercise treatment. Both two groups accomplished the program, twice a week, for a total of 24 times in a 12-week period. Exercise treatment, gait training on treadmill, and both Dynamic FES and FES were implemented for 30 minutes each. Korean version activities-specific balance confidence scale (K-ABC) was measured to determine self-efficacy in balance function. Timed up and go (TUG) test was performed to evaluate the physical performance. K-ABC, TUG, Berg balance scale (BBS), modified physical performance test (mPPT) and G-walk were evaluated at baseline and at 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, statistically significant differences (p<.05) were apparent in the Dynamic FES group in the changes in K-ABC and BBS. mPPT, TUG, gait speed, stride length and stance phase duration (%) were compared with the FES group. K-ABC had higher correlation to BBS, along with mPPT to TUG. Our results suggest that walking with Dynamic FES in chronic stroke patients may be beneficial for improving their balance confidence, functional ability and gait.
The Role Of Immunisation On Child Health Outcomes: A Case Of Child Mortality In Kenya

Immunisation has proved as an economically sound human right approach to be provided to all society members to mitigate against morbidity or fatalities. Despite the recognised benefits of childhood immunization programmes, Kenya has realized limited gains in improving the health of children, with many remaining unreached and prone to risk of vaccine-preventable diseases. Based on these facts, it is important to understand empirically how immunisation uptake would impact child health outcomes in Kenya. The study used the Kenya Demographic and Household survey, 2014 which contains factors associated with child health outcomes (under-five mortality) and full immunisation. The study employed the binary probit regression model in the econometric estimation. The dependent variable used was under five child mortality reported while the independent variable of interest was child immunisation (full) with other control variables being the demographic; socio-economic factors and environmental factors and access indicators. At 1%, 5% and 10% significance levels, the study findings revealed that immunisation; being married, middle wealth quintile and richest wealth quintile; Hospital delivery and central region were found to be statistically significant in determining under-five child mortality. On the other hand age of the mother, education, residence, religion, occupation, wealth index (except third and fifth), Antenatal visits, Mass media, Piped water source, Flush toilets and regions (except central region) were shown to be statistically insignificant at all significance levels. To control child mortality in Kenya, apart from reviewing existing policies on maternal and child health, the study recommends to the government and other relevant stakeholders to target new-born mothers to reduce inadequacies of children in a households reaching full immunisation. This could be done through the creation of awareness through churches and schools countrywide, on the consequences of failing to use immunisation, especially among children under-five which could contribute to the increased incidence of vaccine preventable diseases and prevalence of high child morbidity and mortality rates.
Effects of Thyme Oil, Peppermint Oil and their Combination on Productive Performance, Carcass Criteria and Blood Profile of Broiler Chickens

Feeding trials were conducted to elucidate the influence of thyme and peppermint oils or their combination on productive performance and some blood biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 96 day-old boiler chicks (Ross-308) were divided into four treatment groups. The first one was fed the basal diet, while the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th groups were fed the same diet supplemented with thyme oil (100 mg/kg), peppermint oil (100 mg/kg) or a combination of both. Each treatment had three replicates with 8 broilers each. The daily weight gain was significantly (P<0.01) increased while feed conversion ratio and abdominal fat measures were enhanced by the dietary inclusion of the thyme oil and peppermint oil or their combination compared with the control corn-soybean-fed broilers. Interestingly, the addition of thyme oil and peppermint oil or their combination significantly reduced (P<0.01) the total cholesterol and triglycerides levels whereas the other blood profile including total protein, T3 and glucose levels were increased. There were significant variations in carcass characteristics including the percentages of dressed carcass, heart, gizzard, spleen and liver. In conclusion, the of thyme oil and peppermint oil or their combination displayed a greater response as growth promoters compared to the standard diet in order to improve growth performance and decreased cholesterol levels without adverse effect on carcass criteria of broilers.
Santeria Enthroned: Art, Ritual, and Innovation in an Afro-Cuban Religion

Focusiong on the royal throne as a potent metaphor in Santeria belief and practice, Brown shows how negotiation among ideologically competing interests have shaped the religion's symbols, rituals and institutions from the 19th century to the present. Case studies of change in Cuba and the United States, including a New Jersey temple and South Carolina's Oyotunji Village, reveal patterns of innovation similar to those found among rival Yoruba kingdoms in Nigeria. Throughout, Brown argues for a theoretical perspective on culture as a field of potential strategies and "usable pasts" that actors draw upon to craft new forms and identities - a perspective that should be valuable to all students of the African Diaspora.
Single cell analysis reveals multiple requirements for zinc in the mammalian cell cycle

Despite recognition of the fundamental role of zinc (Zn2+) for growth and proliferation, mechanisms of how Zn2+ deficiency arrests these processes remain enigmatic. We induced subtle intracellular Zn2+ perturbations and tracked asynchronously cycling cells throughout division using fluorescent reporters, high throughput microscopy, and quantitative analysis. We found that Zn2+ deficiency induces quiescence and Zn2+ resupply stimulates cell-cycle reentry. By monitoring single cells after Zn2+ deprivation, we found that depending on where cells were in the cell cycle, they either went quiescent or entered the cell cycle but stalled in S phase. Stalled cells were defective in DNA synthesis and had increased DNA damage levels, suggesting a role for Zn2+ in maintaining genome integrity. Finally, we found that Zn2+ deficiency-induced quiescence does not require the cell-cycle inhibitor p21. Overall, our study provides new insights into when Zn2+ is required during the mammalian cell cycle and the consequences Zn2+ deficiency.
Development and Application of Est-Ssr Markers in Quails

Aiming at accelerating the application of molecular markers in the genetic improvement of quails, six EST-SSR markers were successfully developed using a bioinformatics method. Polymorphisms of three quail populations (Chinese yellow quail, China black quail and Korean quail) were detected. The results showed that there were 2-6 alleles in six EST-SSR markers. Mean polymorphism information contents of Chinese yellow quails, Chinese black quails and Korean quails were determined as 0.5451, 0.4962 and 0.4937, respectively. Average heterozygosity valuesof 0.6134, 0.5759 and 0.5613 were calculated. Among the six EST-SSR markers, three were highly polymorphic, and the other three were moderately polymorphic. The newly-developed six EST-SSR markers may be used to determine the genetic diversity of quails. The six EST-SSR markers identified were related to carbohydrate metabolism and melanin synthesis, but their specific mechanisms need to be further analyzed.