Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Elevating design in the organization

Following evidence of its positive contribution to innovation and company performance, many firms are seeking to elevate design to a strategic level. However, little is known as to how this can be achieved. This study draws on the literatures concerned with elevating organizational functions and with organizational legitimacy, and aims to unravel and detail critical practices and potential tensions influencing the elevation of design’s status in firms. To do so, 53 in-depth interviews were undertaken with key informants, representing a range of functional specialisms, in 12 companies, including large multinational companies as well as SMEs. Findings show how six practices – top management support, leadership of the design function, generating awareness of design’s role and contribution, inter-functional coordination, evaluation of design, and formalization of product and service development processes – affect the design elevation process. In contrast with previous studies on raising the status of organizational functions, this research reveals that the same practive can play both positive and negative roles, and that there are fundamental tensions, which should be reconciled if design’s status is to be elevated. Drawing on the concept of organizational legitimacy, we also examine how design moves beyond being seen as pragmatically useful, to being identified as a relevant, alternative way of operating, to being regarded as essential for success. The article concludes by articulating contributions to design and innovation management theory and practice, and to the body of scholarly work seeking to understand how to elevate the status of a function.
Apoptosis, proliferation and Fas ligand expression in placental trophoblast from pregnancies complicated by HELLP syndrome or pre‐eclampsia

Objective. To investigate apoptosis, proliferation and Fas ligand expression of placental trophoblast in the hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP) syndrome and in pre‐eclampsia (PE), and to compare this with normal pregnancies. Design. Prospective study. Setting. University hospital in Croatia. Sample. Placentae from women with HELLP syndrome (n=10), PE (n=10) and normal pregnancies (n=10). Methods. The HELLP syndrome was diagnosed with platelets <100×109/L, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) >70U/L and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) > 600U/L. Pre‐eclampsia was diagnosed at blood pressure >140/90mmHg, with proteinuria >300mg/L/24hours. For detection of apoptosis and proliferation in villous trophoblast, antibodies M30 and Ki‐67 were used. Expression of Fas ligand was assessed using immunohistochemistry and the semiquantitative HSCORE method. Main Outcome Measures. Apoptosis, proliferation and Fas ligand expression in villous trophoblast. Results. Apoptosis, proliferation and Fas ligand expression were higher in villous trophoblast in HELLP syndrome than in the PE group (p=0.015, p=0.018 and p=0.002, respectively) and the control group (p=0.000, p=0.012 and p=0.049, respectively). Placentae from the PE group had higher levels of apoptosis (p=0.019), lower Fas ligand expression (p=0.029) and no difference in proliferation (p=0.887) compared with the control group. Conclusions. There is an increase in apoptosis, proliferation and Fas ligand expression in placentae from women with HELLP syndrome compared with placentae from PE and normal pregnancies. Our findings indicate the possibility of differential mechanisms behind HELLP syndrome and PE.
Experimental Infection of Pig-Tailed Macaques (Macaca nemestrina) with Mycoplasma genitalium

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma genitalium is an underappreciated cause of human reproductive tract disease, characterized by persistent, often asymptomatic, infection. Building on our previous experiments using a single female pig-tailed macaque as a model for M. genitalium infection (G. E. Wood, S. L. Iverson-Cabral, D. L. Patton, P. K. Cummings, Y. T. Cosgrove Sweeney, and P. A. Totten, Infect Immun 81:2938–2951, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.01322-12 ), we cervically inoculated eight additional animals, two of which were simultaneously inoculated in salpingeal tissue autotransplanted into abdominal pockets. Viable M. genitalium persisted in the lower genital tract for 8 weeks in three animals, 4 weeks in two, and 1 week in one; two primates resisted infection. In both animals inoculated in salpingeal pockets, viable M. genitalium was recovered for 2 weeks. Recovery of viable M. genitalium from lower genital tract specimens was improved by diluting the specimen in broth and by Vero cell coculture. Ascension to upper reproductive tract tissues was not detected, even among three persistently infected animals. M. genitalium-specific serum antibodies targeting the immunodominant MgpB and MgpC proteins appeared within 1 week in three animals inoculated both cervically and in salpingeal pockets and in one of three persistently infected animals inoculated only in the cervix. M. genitalium-specific IgG, but not IgA, was detected in cervical secretions of serum antibody-positive animals, predominantly against MgpB and MgpC, but was insufficient to clear M. genitalium lower tract infection. Our findings further support female pig-tailed macaques as a model of M. genitalium infection, persistence, and immune evasion.
Congenital Fibrosis of the Extraocular Muscles

Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM) is a strabismus syndrome characterized by non-progressive, restrictive ophthalmoplegia of the extraocular muscles and congenital blepharoptosis. Three clinical phenotypes for familial CFEOM (CFEOM1, 2, and 3) have been delineated, for which two genes have been identified to date: KIF21A for CFEOM1 and 3 and PHOX2A/ARIX for CFEOM2. Insights gained from molecular genetics have strengthened the hypothesis that CFEOM results from the dysinnervation of the extraocular muscles supplied by the oculomotor and/or trochlear nerves. Continued study of this syndrome should help to further elucidate the pathogenesis of eye movement disorders.
Performance Analysis of Code-Phase-Based Relative GPS Positioning and Its Integration With Land Vehicle’s Motion Sensors

Relative global positioning system (GPS) positioning is used to cancel common-mode errors such as satellite/receiver clock biases and atmospheric effects. The common approach is to use differential GPS (DGPS) carrier-phase measurements to provide centimeter-meter level accuracy. However, carrier-phase-based DGPS positioning requires resolution of integer ambiguities (IA) and is sensitive to cycle-slip, which are too frequent for land-vehicle navigation. This paper investigates the feasibility of using DGPS code-phase measurements integrated with land-vehicle's motion sensors to provide highly accurate navigation system without the overhead of IA resolution or cycle-slip detection and correction, which are complex and time consuming processes. To reduce the effect of noise associated with differential code-phase measurements, a reduced set of vehicle's sensors are used in an extended Kalman filter (EKF) employing tightly coupled integration scheme (termed as EKF-DD). Owing to bias estimation of motion sensors, the proposed system flywheels through GPS outages and mitigates multipath. The performance of the proposed system was compared, using carrier-phase based reference, with two similar integration schemes employing undifferenced GPS measurements, where atmospheric effects are mitigated using either Klobuchar model (called EKF-BC) or dual frequency receivers (designated as EKF-IF). Based on three real road tests performed in challenging GPS environments and forced GPS outages, it was found that in 2-D positioning, the proposed system performed 46% superior than EKF-BC and 21% better than EKF-IF. In altitude, EKF-DD showed 66% improvement over EKF-BC and 14% over EKF-IF. In GPS outages, the overall performance of the proposed system was 21% and 10% better than EKF-BC and EKF-IF, respectively.
Compulsive mobile application usage and technostress: the role of personality traits

Purpose Compulsive usage of mobile applications may have a negative effect on people’s health and social interaction. Past studies have indicated that personality traits were related to compulsive usage of technologies, but most of them have explored the factors from the system and interface design perspectives, specifically. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the Big Five personality traits, materialism, and external locus of control affect compulsive mobile application usage, and examines how compulsive usage impacts technostress. Design/methodology/approach The present study proposes a framework based on Big Five personality traits and related literature. The author collected a total of 546 valid responses to the online survey, and the author examined the 18 proposed hypotheses using SmartPLS software. Findings The results show that neuroticism, extraversion, materialism, and external locus of control have significant effects on compulsive usage of mobile social applications. In addition, agreeableness, materialism, and external locus of control significantly influence compulsive usage of mobile game applications. Compulsive usage (of both mobile social apps and mobile games), materialism, and external locus of control all have a positive, direct impact on technostress. Practical implications This study offers mobile app design companies and educational institutions a understanding of the social problems caused by the misuse of mobile devices, helping them to prevent the increase of the negative influences of such misuse. Originality/value The primary value of this paper lies in providing a better understanding of the influence of personality traits on the compulsive use of mobile apps and technostress.
Electronic Supplementary Information Oxygen reduction reaction on neighboring Fe-N4 and quaternary-N sites of pyrolized Fe/N/C catalyst

In this section, we discuss about the formation energy of Fe-N4 active site located close to the zigzag edge of clean and N-doped z211-GNR systems (Fe-N4-edge-z211-GNR). Schematic for some of possible active sites formations are shown in Figs. S1 (a)-(d). Positions of N-doped site at zigzag edge in Figs. S1 (c) and (d) are obtained by comparing the relative energies for each of their respective doping configurations (quaternary-N and pyridinium-N, respectively). The supercell for perfect z211-GNR system is shown in Fig. S1 (a). We consider vacuum regions of 15 Å on both of y and z directions. The formation energy ∆Eform of Fe-N4-edge-z211-GNR is evaluated by the following equation: ∆Eform = Edefect + nCμC + nHμH − (nNμN + μFe + Ez211), (1)
Improving the validity of theory testing in logistics research using correlated components regression

ABSTRACT The purpose of this logistics research methods article is to empirically test and introduce correlated components regression (CCR) as a new statistical technique that will improve the accuracy and validity in testing logistics theoretical models and hypothesised relationships. The purpose of the current study is to use CCR analysis as technique to address multicollinearity. Customer satisfaction data with parcel carriers is analysed with using CCR and multiple regression. To determine the best regression model of these two approaches, cross-validation R2 values are used. In addition, comparisons are made to examine the standardised beta coefficients from both methods and to assess the possible impact from high levels of multicollinearity. Findings of the analysis suggest that CCR has a significantly higher cross-validation R2 value and thus is determined the best model of these two approaches.
STRATEGIC ORIENTATION AND EFFECTS ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE- ANALYTICAL STUDY IN REAL ESTATE BANKS IN AL–DEWANIYA PROVINCE

The purpose of this study is to examine the strategic orientation of real estate banks in al-Dewaniya province in Iraq. The paper presents primary data collected by questionnaire. The collected data consists of: 80 forms were distributed; 70 questionnaires were returned out of which 53 were usable (valid and complete). The set was subjected to correlation and regression analysis. It was discovered that strategic orientation is positively related with the bank performance. It was revealed that competitive advantage represented mediating variable and it also influences performance . In order to be successful, the real estate banks considered the best combination between competitor orientation and customer orientation to reach the highest performance level among competitors.
On the formation of tropical rings of atomic halogens: Causes and implications

Halogens produced by ocean biological and photochemical processes reach the tropical tropopause layer (TTL), where cold temperatures and the prevailing low ozone abundances favor the diurnal photochemical enhancement of halogen atoms. Under these conditions atomic bromine and iodine are modeled to be the dominant inorganic halogen species in the sunlit TTL, surpassing the abundance of the commonly targeted IO and BrO radicals. We suggest that due to the rapid photochemical equilibrium between halogen oxides and halogen atoms a natural atmospheric phenomenon evolves, which we have collectively termed “tropical rings of atomic halogens. ” We describe the main causes controlling the modeled appearance and variability of these superposed rings of bare bromine and iodine atoms that circle the tropics following the Sun. Some potential implications for atmospheric oxidizing capacity are also explored. Our model results suggest that if experimentally confirmed, the extent and intensity of the halogen rings would directly respond to changes in oceanic halocarbon emissions, their atmospheric transport, and photochemistry.
Antimicrobial peptide LL‐37 attenuates infection of hepatitis C virus

Although recent studies indicate that supplementation with vitamin D (VD) potentiates a sustained viral response by interferon‐based therapy to chronic hepatitis C, detailed mechanisms are not fully defined. The production of cathelicidin, an antimicrobial peptide, has been demonstrated to be part of the VD‐dependent antimicrobial pathway in innate immunity. Cathelicidin is known to directly kill or inhibit the growth of microbial pathogens including mycobacteria and viruses.
The competitiveness of food processing industry in Malaysia

The competitiveness of manufacturing industry has become an extremely important topic in Malaysia. It is particularly important for food processing industry because the scheduled liberalization of trade preferences under the World Trade Organisation and Asean Free Trade Area would bring about greater challenges to Malaysian food producers. Before penetrating a wider range of markets, Malaysian food processors have yet to identify competitive food sub-sectors. This study attempts to evaluate the competitiveness of selected food products using two indicators, that is, rate of productivity growth and market share. Productivity growth for selected food sub-sectors is assessed using the Non-Parametric Malmquist Index Approach of Total Factor Productivity growth. Selected food products that sustain a high level of productivity growth may be considered viable to compete with foreign products in the domestic and/or overseas market. The purpose of this study is to analyse the sources of productivity growth in the food processing industry over the period, 1973 to 1995.
Effects of Foot-Pedal Positions by Inexperienced Cyclists at the Highest Aerobic Level

The purpose of this study was to assess whether the platform foot-pedal position affected maximal oxygen intake (VO2 max) at the highest aerobic demand in cycling. 21 inexperienced cyclists completed two exercise tests, one in the “normal” platform foot-pedal position and the other in the Biopedal™ forefoot varus foot-pedal position, cycling on an exercise ergometer. The time between tests ranged from 1 to 3 days depending on the subject's reported fatigue and muscle soreness. The highest aerobic demand was the subject's VO2 max at the point just below the subject's anaerobic threshold. A one-way analysis of variance indicated that the subject's VO2 max performance was similar between the foot-pedal positions. These results did not support the assumption that the Biopedal™ forefoot varus foot-pedal position would enable the cyclist to be more efficient at the highest aerobic demand when compared to a standard platform foot-pedal position.
Does Managerial Optimism Lead to Long-Run Underperformance? Evidence from Venture Capital-Backed IPOs

In a sample of 776 venture capital-backed IPOs, I find that IPOs with more optimistic managers underperform IPOs with less optimistic managers in the long-run. Moreover, the IPOs of the most optimistic managers underperform in the long-run when compared to a benchmark portfolio, while the IPOs of the least optimistic manager do not. In particular, IPOs with more optimistic managers underperform IPOs with less optimistic managers by about 45% (40%) on an equal-weighted (value-weighted) basis in the 5-year period following the offer. Indeed, even relative to their style matched portfolio, the firms of the most optimistic managers underperform by about 43% (72%) on an equal-weighted (value-weighted) basis. These results are confirmed using a calendar-time factor-adjusted portfolio approach. Is the long-run underperformance a result of overinvestment or underinvestment? The evidence suggests that it is driven by underinvestment. In fact, the investment of more optimistic managers is significantly lower than for less optimistic managers for 4 of the 5 fiscal years after the offer. These results are robust to industry-adjusting and the inclusion of additional explanatory variables including cash holdings. I also find some evidence that investment is sensitive to cash flows, with high cash flow IPOs mitigating a portion of the underinvestment in some of the years following the offer. Finally, managerial optimism is significantly and positively associated to first-day returns, suggesting more optimistic managers are more prone to using to the middle of the file price range as a reference point from which they anchor.
Decision Making Under Parity: An Experimental Examination of Retailers’ Choice Among Parity Trade Promotions

Retailers tend to choose trade promotions that offer the greatest short-term economic benefit. However, the choice among competing vendors that offer the same economic incentives is unclear. Relationship trade-offs and asymmetric power between retailers and vendors may influence these decisions, such that future economic incentives, social incentives, and power asymmetry are likely decision-making factors. Using commitment theory and an experimental design, this study determines that calculative commitment, power asymmetry, and various forms of loyalty commitment have significant decision-making impacts. With greater power asymmetry, calculative commitment exerts a stronger impact than comprehensive loyalty commitment; in low power asymmetry conditions, comprehensive loyalty commitment has more impact.
Cannabis, schizophrenia and other non-affective psychoses: 35 years of follow-up of a population-based cohort

Background There is now strong evidence that cannabis use increases the risk of psychoses including schizophrenia, but the relationship between cannabis and different psychotic disorders, as well as the mechanisms, are poorly known. We aimed to assess types of psychotic outcomes after use of cannabis in adolescence and variation in risk over time. Method A cohort of 50 087 military conscripts with data on cannabis use in late adolescence was followed up during 35 years with regard to in-patient care for psychotic diagnoses. Results Odds ratios for psychotic outcomes among frequent cannabis users compared with non-users were 3.7 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.3–5.8] for schizophrenia, 2.2 (95% CI 1.0–4.7) for brief psychosis and 2.0 (95% CI 0.8–4.7) for other non-affective psychoses. Risk of schizophrenia declined over the decades in moderate users but much less so in frequent users. The presence of a brief psychosis did not increase risk of later schizophrenia more in cannabis users compared with non-users. Conclusions Our results confirm an increased risk of schizophrenia in a long-term perspective, although the risk declined over time in moderate users.
Going Abroad in a Risky World: Geographic Diversification, Institutional Frictions, and Corporate Leverage

Using novel data on detailed country-level sales exposures of U.S. multinational companies (MNCs) and unique identification strategies, we show that international cash flow diversification enhances firm debt capacity, but the magnitude of this effect varies with the innate country institutional frictions to which the firm is exposed. We find that a one standard deviation increase in MNC across-country cash flow diversification results in a 5 percent increase in firm leverage from its sample average. However, across-country institutional quality and tax frictions reduce the MNC geographic diversification benefit by 27 to 55 percent from the debt capacity enhancement without such frictions.
Community perceptions toward economic and environmental impacts of tourism on local communities

This paper investigates the community perceptions toward economic and environmental impacts of tourism in Shiraz, Iran. Special focus is on the differences in perceptions between the Old and New Districts of Shiraz. The study demonstrates that there are broadly similar views among the community leaders and community residents from both districts of Shiraz. In fact, a high percentage of the answers obtained highlighted positive aspects environmental and economic impacts of tourism toward local communities. According to the survey, the strongest and favourable perceptions toward tourism impacts are found to be linked with environmental aspects and while economic matters are found to be the least favourable in terms of the perceived impacts on tourism. T-test analysis of the study indicates that there is no significant difference between community leaders' perceptions in both districts of Shiraz City. Results drew from discussion with the target group show that the community residents have positive perceptions toward economic and environmental impacts of tourism with only minor differences with each other.
Extraadrenal paragangliomas of the body: imaging features.

OBJECTIVE This article illustrates the anatomic distribution of the healthy paraganglion system and the imaging and pathologic features of various extraadrenal paragangliomas occurring in the head and neck, chest, and abdomen. CONCLUSION Although paragangliomas can occur in a variety of anatomic locations, the majority are seen in relatively predictable regions of the body. Extraadrenal paragangliomas have nearly identical imaging features, including a homogeneous or heterogeneous hyperenhancing soft-tissue mass at CT, multiple areas of signal void interspersed with hyperintense foci (salt-and-pepper appearance) within tumor mass at MRI, and an intense tumor blush with enlarged feeding arteries at angiography.