Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Abdomen flipping of Apis dorsata breviligula worker bees correlated with temperature of nest curtain surface

Les ouvrieres d'Apis laboriosa et Apis dorsata presentes dans le rideau qui couvre le rayon du nid executent un battement dorso-ventral de l'abodomen (AF), qui semble jouer un role important dans la vie des colonies. Ce pourrait par exemple etre un signal pour les abeilles a l'interieur du nid leur indiquant le besoin de chauffer. Nous avons etudie si la temperature ambiante (t a ) ou la temperature de la surface du nid (t c ) etait correlee au pourcentage d'abeilles qui executaient un battement de l'abdomen (%AF). Deux nids d'A. dorsata breviligula ont ete observes du 1 er au 6 mars 2004 dans la region de Los Banos, Philippines. L'activite des abeilles a la surface du rideau t a a ete enregistree avec une camera video a 1 m de distance et les temperatures t a et t c avec un thermometre electronique. Parmi les 210 enregistrements, 1260 abeilles ont ete examinees, dont 508 executaient un AF. La figure 1 montre que lorsque t a est egale ou superieure a 35 °C, t c est inferieure a t a mais lorsque t a est inferieure ou egale a 33 °C, t c est alors superieure a t a . Lorsque t a et t c sont toutes deux au-dessus de 31 °C, les ouvrieres n'executent pas d'AF. En-dessous de cette temperature, on observe pourtant le comportement. Lorsque la temperature chute, le pourcentage d'AF augmente. Le tableau I donne la correlation (r) durant 3 j entre %AF et t a d'une part et %AF et t c d'autre part, ainsi que les correlations partielles. Celles-ci sont environ 4 fois plus fortes pour %AF et t c que pour %AF et t a . Cela indique que la temperature du rideau a une influence plus grande que la temperature ambiante sur le pourcentage d'abeilles qui executent un AF et cela corrobore l'hypothese de Woyke et al. (2004) selon laquelle les ouvrieres qui executent un AF reagissent plutot a la temperature autour d'elles a la surface du rideau qu'a la temperature ambiante.
A Review of the Prevalence and Associations of Depression and Anxiety in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Aim: To perform a review of studies to identify the prevalence of depression and anxiety in adults with Type 1 diabetes mellitus compared to adults without Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A computer search was conducted using the PubMed, EBSCOhost, PsychINFO, Cochrane, CINAHL and MEDLINE from 2009 onwards. The essential information extracted from the identified publications were: diabetes-specific and non-diabetes specific risk and protective factors for depression or anxiety in people with Type 1 DM; outcomes for Type 1 DM management and complications; and relevant qualitative data. Results: An extensive literature search identified twenty-one key articles which were reviewed to provide strong evidence further supporting the notion that there is increased prevalence of comorbid depression and anxiety in Type 1 DM. Based on the literature reviewed, approximately one in five people living with Type 1 DM suffer from comorbid clinical depression, and one in four experience anxiety. There was variation in the exact rates reported between articles, may be reflective of differences in methods or samples. The pertinence of the evidence analyzed in this review is underpinned by findings from large international studies that have shown depression results in worse health outcomes for individuals compared to any other chronic disease, including diabetes. Further, the combination of depression and diabetes leads to even poorer outcomes than does the combination of diabetes and other chronic diseases.
Calcium And Zinc Deficiency In Preeclamptic Women

Background: Pre-eclampsia is the most common medical complication of pregnancy associated with increased maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. Reduced serum calcium and zinc levels are found associated with elevated blood pressure in preeclampsia. Objective : To observe serum calcium and zinc levels in preeclamptic women. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka between July 2009 to June 2010. In this study, 60 pregnant women of preeclampsia, aged 18-39 years with gestational period more than 20th weeks were included as the study (group B). For comparison age and gestational period matched 30 normotensive pregnant women control (group A) were also studied. All the subjects were selected from Obstetric and Gynae In and Out patient Department of BSMMU and Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Serum calcium was measured by Colorimetric method and serum zinc was measured by Spectrophotometric method. Data were analysed by independent sample t test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test. Results: Mean serum calcium and zinc levels were significantly (p<0.001) lower in study group than those of control group. Again, serum calcium and zinc showed significant negative correlation with SBP and DBP in preeclamptic women. Conclusion: This study concludes that serum calcium and zinc deficiency may be one of the risk factor of preeclampsia. Therefore, early detection and supplementation to treat this deficiency may reduce the incidence of preeclampsia. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/jbsp.v6i2. 9758 JBSP 2011 6(2): 94-99
Calcium aluminate cements as an effective matrix for encapsulation of hazardous materials

The use of calcium aluminate cements to efficiently encapsulate hazardous wastes was reported. Specifically, the quick formation of a matrix of low porosity and high stability was intended. The reaction between phosphate groups and calcium aluminate cement was extremely important in this case. This work presents an acid-base reaction between phosphates present in the sludges from the automotive industry and calcium aluminate cement that yielded very inert and stable monolithic blocks of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). Two industrial sludges of different compositions were characterized and loaded in different ratios (from 10 to 50 wt.%). Setting times and compressive strengths were recorded to establish the feasibility of this method to achieve a good handling and a safe landfilling of these samples. Short solidification periods were found and leaching tests showed an excellent retention for toxic metals such as Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr and Mn and also for organic matter. Retentions over 99.9% for Zn and Mn were observed even for loadings as high as 50 wt. % of the wastes. The formation of ACP phase of low porosity and high stability accounted for the effective immobilization of the hazardous components of the wastes, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction and SEM-EDAX studies. Comparison with the performance of pure sodium hexametaphosphate-CAC mortars bearing toxic metals solutions was sometimes reported. Originality The rationale is that polyphosphate-CAC matrices have shown interesting potential to solidify/stabilize heavy metals, owing to the aforementioned acid-base reaction that yields a compact and low porous matrix mainly composed of ACP amorphous calcium phosphate -, which can be able to retain hazardous compounds. We aimed to take advantage of the reactivity of one of the sludge components: the sludges with relatively large concentrations of phosphate are expected to act themselves as reactants that, interacting with the CAC, could result in a very effective retaining system of the sludge constituents. Sludge samples from two locations have been incorporated in high proportion within the mix. We discussed the effects of the sludge on the CAC mortar and a possible interaction mechanism is provided.
EXAMINATION OF LEISURE SATISFACTION LEVELS OF INDIVIDUALS PARTICIPATING IN RECREATIVE ACTIVITIES THROUGH SPORTS CENTERS WITH REGARD TO SOME VARIABLES

Beyza M. AKGUL Tebessum AYYILDIZ Merve KARAMAN EXAMINATION OF LEISURE SATISFACTION LEVELS OF INDIVIDUALS PARTICIPATING IN RECREATIVE ACTIVITIES THROUGH SPORTS CENTERS WITH REGARD TO SOME VARIABLES ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine the level of leisure satisfaction of individuals participating in sports at sports centers with regard to gender, age and perceived income. 109 male and 85 female, in total 194 individuals who were the members of amajor sports centers participated to this study in Ankara. The participants’ leisure satisfaction levels are examined by the "LeisureSatisfaction Scale" (Leisure Satisfaction Scale; Beard & Ragheb, 1980). The scale was translated into Turkish and was studied about validity and reliability by Karli,Polat,Yilmaz, Kocak (2008). The participants’ personal informations is included in the study with “Personal Information Form". One Way Multivariate Variance Analysis ANOVA (MANOVA) is used while testing the participants’ leisure satisfaction sub-scale scores in relation with difference between gender, age, and income levels. As results of Manova, no significance difference revealed in gender and age variables. The One Way ANOVA is used to determinate the perceived income level efficiency in which level. According to perceived income; significant difference has been revealed between Leisure Satisfaction Scale’s subscale of education and aesthetic (F(4,194)=3.719; F(4,194)=3.664, p<0.01). As conclusion; leisure satisfaction levels change depending on income variable. Leisure satisfaction levels in education sub-scale were found higher for individuals whose perceived income levels are high (=3.85) than individuals with medium (=3.52) perceived income. Leisure satisfaction levels were found higher in LSS’s aesthetic sub-scale (p<0.05) on individuals with perceived income level is high(=4.03) than perceived income is medium (=3.68) and low (=3.52).
The role of cold fronts in the onset of the monsoon season in the South Atlantic convergence zone

The onset of the South American monsoon season culminates with the abrupt establishment of the South American convergence zone (SACZ). The impact of cold fronts on the abrupt establishment of the SACZ is studied using an 11‐year composite analysis of the dynamic and thermodynamic structures, intensity and propagation of cold fronts that occur prior to, during, and after monsoon onset in the SACZ. A significant change in the structure and propagation of cold fronts is observed at the time of monsoon onset in the SACZ, with cold fronts suddenly stalling and becoming stationary in southeastern Brazil. It is proposed that this regime change of the structure and propagation of cold fronts causes the abrupt onset of the monsoon in the SACZ. A mechanism for this sudden change in cold front behaviour is suggested by analyzing changes in the observed upper‐level structure of midlatitude waves. Our observations show that, at the time of monsoon onset in the SACZ, midlatitude waves develop a ‘thinning trough’ behaviour, with upper‐level troughs becoming thinner, westward tilted, and sometimes forming cut‐off lows. This behaviour is characteristic of midlatitude waves that develop in the region of anticyclonic shear on the equatorward side of the upper‐level midlatitude jet. During the austral spring, the upper‐level midlatitude jet over South America migrates southward leaving subtropical South America in the equatorward, anticyclonic shear side of the jet. It is hypothesized that, as the meridional shear on the equatorward side of the upper‐level jet gradually becomes more anticyclonic, it suddenly crosses the critical threshold of horizontal shear that has been shown to produce a sudden transition to a ‘thinning trough’ midlatitude wave regime. At this time a regime change occurs whereby the character of frontal systems crossing South America changes abruptly, causing the onset of the monsoon season in the SACZ. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Survey of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Kansas and Eastern Colorado Wheat Fields

Todd, T. C. , Appel, J. A. , Vogel, J., and Tisserat, N. A. 2014. Survey of plant-parasitic nematodes in Kansas and Eastern Colorado wheat fields. Plant Health Progress doi:10.1094/PHP-RS-13-0125 Observations on the prevalence and abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes were made from soil and root samples collected from 2,640 wheat fields in Kansas and Colorado during 2007-2010. Stunt nematodes (predominately Merlinius brevidens and Quinisulcius acutus), root-lesion nematodes (predominately Pratylenchus neglectus), and pin nematodes (Paratylenchus projectus) were the most commonly encountered taxa. Maximum soil population densities of 6,520 and 1,880 nematodes/100 cm soil were observed for pin and stunt nematodes, respectively, while a maximum root population density of 90,309 nematodes/g dry root was observed for root-lesion nematodes. Lower nematode densities were associated with wheat following corn, grain sorghum, or soybean for pin and stunt nematodes, and with wheat following fallow for root-lesion nematodes. Based on the results of this survey, 6% and 8% of wheat acreage in the central Great Plains are estimated to be at risk for significant (>5%) yield loss due to stunt nematodes and root-lesion nematodes, respectively. The number of fields with high population densities of both stunt and root-lesion nematodes was negligible (1%); therefore, the total wheat acreage with nematode populations above provisional economic thresholds is estimated to be ~13%. Damage relationships with greater accuracy, precision, and relevance are necessary to establish reliable yield loss estimates for this region.
Integration and Tax Competition: An Empirical Study of OECD Countries

This paper studies the effects of integration on capital taxation in a number of OECD countries. Unlike most previous papers on the subject, we combine key features from the new economic geography theory with the standard tax competition framework. We consider effective as well as statutory corporate tax rates and include several measures of agglomeration forces in the analysis. Our empirical findings provide some support for both models. We find that increased integration has a negative effect on corporate tax rates while agglomeration forces influence tax rates positively, though the latter result is sensitive to how agglomeration is measured.
Digital Dissent: An Analysis of the Motivational Contents of Tweets From an Occupy Wall Street Demonstration

Social scientific models of protest activity emphasize instrumental motives associated with rational self-interest and beliefs about group efficacy and symbolic motives associated with social identification and anger at perceived injustice. Ideological processes are typically neglected, despite the fact that protest movements occur in a sociopolitical context in which some people are motivated to maintain the status quo, whereas others are motivated to challenge it. To investigate the role of ideology and other social psychological processes in protest participation, we used manual and machine-learning methods to analyze the contents of 23,810 tweets sent on the day of the May Day 2012 Occupy Wall Street demonstration along with an additional 664,937 tweets (sent by 8,244 unique users) during the 2-week lead-up to the demonstration. Results revealed that social identification and liberal ideology were significant independent predictors of protest participation. The effect of social identification was mediated by the expression of collective efficacy, justice concerns, ideological themes, and positive emotion. The effect of liberalism was mediated by the expression of ideological themes, but conservatives were more likely to express ideological backlash against Occupy Wall Street than liberals were to express ideological support for the movement or demonstration. The expression of self-interest and anger was either negatively related or unrelated to protest participation. This work illustrates the promise (and challenge) of using automated methods to analyze new, ecologically valid data sources for studying protest activity and its motivational underpinnings—thereby informing strategic campaigns that employ collective action tactics.
On the Essential Spectrum of a Stokes-Type Operator Arising from Flow around a Rotating Body in the $L^q$-Framework(Kyoto Conference on the Navier-Stokes Equations and their Applications)

We present the description of the essential spectrum of a linear Stokes–type operator arising from the mathematical model of fluid flow around rotating bodies. The operator is considered in the space Lσ(Ω) where 1 < q <∞ and Ω ⊂ R is an exterior domain. MSC 2000: Primary 76D05; Secondary 35Q30, 42B25, 47A10
Demand factors for international tourism in Malaysia: 1998-2009

This study extend Ismail and Samdin (2010) works on demand factors in Malaysian tourism industry uses the Gravity type approach for the panel data spanning from 2002 – 2010. The dependent variable uses in the model is tourist receipt in Malaysia from twenty nine countries. This study finds that the market size for both destination and source countries, country that sharing border and common language with Malaysia are increases inbound tourist to Malaysia. On the other hand, the shorter the distance, the lower transportation cost, can also attract more tourists. This study also reveal that the role of exchange rate and the cost of living are equally important as a depreciation of Ringgit Malaysia (RM) and lower in the cost of living attract more tourists in Malaysia. Outcome of this research can be used among policy makers to guide future managements of Malaysian tourism industry.
Bacterial entomopathogens improve cereal establishment in the presence of grass grub larvae.

Grass grub (Costelytra zealandica) larvae can damage or kill establishing cereal seedlings. Two entomopathogenic bacteria, applied as seed coatings, were investigated as a means of protecting emerging wheat seedlings. Seeds coated with Serratia entomophila or Yersinia sp. nov. were planted outdoors in pots containing grass grub larvae at rates equivalent to 70 and 140 larvae/m 2 . Seedling establishment was significantly increased in both bacterial treatments compared to untreated controls, with S. entomophila-coated seed having the higher establishment rate, 94% at both larval densities, although this was not significantly different from the Yersinia sp. nov. treatment at the highest larval density. When included in a comparison of chemical seed dressing treatments for grass grub, a S. entomophila-coated seed treatment was as efficacious as standard insecticide treatments, indicating there is good potential to develop this bacterium as an alternative to chemical pesticides for use in cereal crops.
Low-latitude scintillation occurrences around the equatorial anomaly crest over Indonesia

Abstract. We investigated low-latitude ionospheric scintillation in Indonesia using two GPS receivers installed at Bandung (107.6° E, 6.9° S; magnetic latitude 17.5° S) and Pontianak (109.3° E, 0.02° S; magnetic latitude 8.9° S). This study aimed to characterise climatological and directional ionospheric scintillation occurrences, which are useful not only for the physics of ionospheric irregularities but also for practical use in GNSS (global navigation satellite system)-based navigation. We used the deployed instrument's amplitude scintillation (S4 index) data from 2009, 2010, and 2011; the yearly SSN (sunspot-smoothed numbers) were 3.1, 16.5, and 55.9, respectively. In summary, (1) scintillation occurrences in the post-sunset period (18:00–01:00 LT) during equinox months (plasma bubble season) at the two sites can be ascribed to the plasma bubble; (2) using directional analyses of the two sites, we found that the distribution of scintillation occurrences is generally concentrated between the two sites, indicating the average location of the EIA (equatorial ionisation anomaly) crest; (3) scintillation occurrence enhancements for the two sites in field-aligned directions are herein reported for the first time by ground-based observation in a low-latitude region; (4) distribution of scintillation occurrences at Pontianak are concentrated in the southern sky, especially in the southwest direction, which is very likely associated with the plasma bubble tilted westward with increasing latitude; and (5) scintillation occurrence in the post-midnight period in the non-plasma-bubble season is the most intriguing variable occurring between the two sites (i.e. post-midnight scintillations are observed more at Bandung than Pontianak). Most of the post-midnight scintillations observed at Bandung are concentrated in the northern sky, with low elevation angles. This might be due to the amplitude of irregularities in certain directions, which may be effectively enhanced by background density enhancement by the EIA and because satellite–receiver paths are longer in the EIA crest region and in a field-aligned direction.
BIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR STUDIES ON THE TOXIC EF-FECT OF VEGETATIVE INSECTICIDAL PROTEIN (VIPs) OF Ba-cillus thuringiensis EGYPTIAN ISOLATES AGAINST WHITEFLIES

Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) transmitted geminiviruses cause epidemics in vegetable and fiber crops. It can infect more than 600 species of host plants. It also considered as the major vector transmitting various types of geminiviruses such as tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) which cause great damage to tomatoes crop. Previous studies have reported that the vegetative insecticidal proteins (VIPs) of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) revealed insecticidal activity against different insect species. In this study, two local isolates of B. thuringiensis named BtC-18 and BtDI-29 were screened for the insecticidal activity of VIPs against whitefly population. Analysis of median lethal concentration (LC50) revealed that B. thuringiensis strain BtC-18 is more potent and toxic than BtDI-29 strain against whiteflies with an estimated LC50 of 90 ppm and 160 ppm for BtC-18 and BtDI-29, respectively. However, the median lethal time (LT50) value did not show significant difference between both isolates. PCR analysis of vip genes confirmed the presence of vip1, vip2 and vip3 genes on BtC-18 genome. Proteins extract from the BtC-18 culture pellet were further purified by 80% saturation of ammonium sulfate precipitation. The purified protein showed a clear band at 88 KDa corresponding to Vip3A protein as previously demonstrated. The LC50 of the purified band at 88KDa showed insecticidal activity against white fly with an estimated LC50 of 898 ppm.