Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygenation on the Viability of Human Fat Injected into Nude Mice

&NA; Autologous free‐fat injection for the correction of softtissue defects has become a common procedure in plastic surgery. The main shortcoming of this method for achieving permanent soft‐tissue augmentation is the partial absorption of the injected fat, an occurrence that leads to the need for both overcorrection and repeated fat reinjection. Improving the oxygenation of the injected fat has been suggested as a means of helping to overcome the initial critical phase that occurs postinjection (when the fat cells are nourished by osmosis), increasing phagocyte activity, accelerating fibroblast activity and collagen formation, and enhancing angiogenesis. In addition, the hyperbaric oxygen‐mediated decrement in endothelial leukocyte adhesion will decrease cytokine release, thereby reducing edema and inflammatory responses. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on improving the viability of injected fat. Adipose tissue obtained from human breasts by suctionassisted lipectomy was injected into the subcuticular nuchal region in nude mice. The mice were then exposed to daily hyperbaric oxygen treatments, breathing 100% oxygen at 2 atmospheres absolute (ATA) for 90 minutes. The duration of the administered hyperbaric oxygen therapy was 5, 10, or 15 days, according to the study group. Mice exposed to normobaric air alone served as the control group, and each group included 10 animals. The rats were killed 15 weeks after fat injection. The grafts were dissected out, weight and volume were measured, and histologic evaluation was performed. In all of the study groups, at least part of the injected fat survived, giving the desired clinical outcome. No significant differences could be found between the groups regarding fat weight and volume. Histopathologic examination of the dissected grafts demonstrated a significantly better integrity of the fat tissue in the group that received hyperbaric oxygen for 5 days (p = 0.047). This finding was manifested by the presence of well‐organized, intact fat cells, along with a normal appearance of the fibrous septa and blood vessels. The worst results were found in animals treated by hyperbaric oxygenation for 15 consecutive days. An inverse correlation was found between an increased dose of the high‐pressure oxygen and fat tissue integrity (r= ‐ 0.87, p = 0.076). The toxic effects of highly reactive oxygen species on fat cells might explain the failure of an excessively high dose of hyperbaric oxygen to provide any beneficial outcome. The clinical relevance of these results should be further investigated. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 106: 1390, 2000.)
Iteratively Reweighted ℓ1 Approaches to Sparse Composite Regularization

Motivated by the observation that a given signal $\boldsymbol{x}$ admits sparse representations in multiple dictionaries $\boldsymbol{\Psi}_d$ but with varying levels of sparsity across dictionaries, we propose two new algorithms for the reconstruction of (approximately) sparse signals from noisy linear measurements. Our first algorithm, Co-L1, extends the well-known lasso algorithm from the L1 regularizer $\|\boldsymbol{\Psi x}\|_1$ to composite regularizers of the form $\sum_d \lambda_d \|\boldsymbol{\Psi}_d \boldsymbol{x}\|_1$ while self-adjusting the regularization weights $\lambda_d$. Our second algorithm, Co-IRW-L1, extends the well-known iteratively reweighted L1 algorithm to the same family of composite regularizers. We provide several interpretations of both algorithms: i) majorization-minimization (MM) applied to a non-convex log-sum-type penalty, ii) MM applied to an approximate $\ell_0$-type penalty, iii) MM applied to Bayesian MAP inference under a particular hierarchical prior, and iv) variational expectation-maximization (VEM) under a particular prior with deterministic unknown parameters. A detailed numerical study suggests that our proposed algorithms yield significantly improved recovery SNR when compared to their non-composite L1 and IRW-L1 counterparts.
Virtual Sectorization in Future Mobile Networks: System-Level Assessment and Optimization in a Realistic LTE Network

Virtual Sectorization (ViS) is proposed as a solution to cope with the exponential growth of data traffic in mobile networks. Through the use of an Active Antenna System (AAS), two vertically separated beams (serving two distinct cells) are created within the original coverage area of a macro-cell. One of these cells, referred to as virtual cell, can be flexibly placed anywhere within the original coverage area because the large antenna array is capable of producing very narrow beams. The position of the virtual cell is done by choosing an electrical azimuth and downtilt such that the virtual cell’s footprint is as much as possible steered towards an area of relatively heavy traffic (a traffic hotspot). The key advantage of the approach is that, depending on the choice for deployment, either the spectrum or the transmit power is reused in the same geographical region, which provides an increase of traffic handling capacity. With an antenna beam directed to a specific area of high user density, more users can potentially benefit from better antenna gain and hence experience higher Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) values compared to the non-ViS case. However, the involved trade-offs make the deployment of ViS non-trivial. Using ViS implies a reduction of either transmit power or bandwidth for the macro-cell, and one additional interferer in the network, both of which can have a negative effect on performance if not addressed correctly. In order to cope with the complexity of these trade-offs, SON algorithms capable of dynamically share the spectrum or power resources between virtual and macro-cells, as the ones presented in this thesis work, are needed. The key functionality of these algorithms is to find an optimum configuration for the given resource sharing scheme which is able to maximize the network capacity while minimizing the aforementioned negative effects.
Spinal fractures resulting from traumatic injuries.

OBJECTIVE To illustrate mechanisms of spine fractures and the pattern of spinal injuries characterized by the major mechanisms in urban population of Iran. METHODS Data regarding spinal injuries including demographics, mechanism and level of spinal injury, abbreviated injury score, associated injuries and final fate of the patients were extracted from the Iranian national trauma registry database from 1999 to 2004. RESULTS A total of 619 patients with traumatic spine fractures were identified, of whom 68.5% were males. The peak frequency of these injuries occurred in the 21-40 year age-group. Accidental falls and road traffic crashes (RTCs) were the most common mechanisms of spinal fractures (47.2% and 44.1%, respectively). RTCs tended to occur in younger patients compared with accidental falls. The most common spinal region for spinal fracture was the lumbar spine (53.63%). Cervical spine fractures were significantly more common in RTCs, while lumbar spine fractures were more common in accidental falls (P less than 0.001). A total of 171 (27.6%) patients had associated non-spinal injuries, of whom 127 had associated extremity injuries, and 55 had head injuries. Thirty-six (5.6%) patients had spinal cord injury (SCI). The injury severity score of the RTC group was significantly higher than that of accidental falls (P equal to 0.002). Fifteen (4%) patients died of traumatic injuries. The rate of death was significantly higher in RTCs compared with accidental falls (5.1% vs 2.1%, P equal to 0.039). CONCLUSIONS The patterns of spinal fractures are similar to those reported from developed countries. RTCs tend to affect the younger age population and are associated with a higher degree of associated injuries and mortality than accidental falls. Therefore preventive strategies should be based on reduction of the number and severity of RTCs.
Occurrence of a Thiothrix sp. Attached to Mayfly Larvae and Presence of Parasitic Bacteria in the Thiothrix sp

Larvae of the mayfly (Drunella grandis [Eaton]) from Diamond Fork Creek, Utah, were covered with a heavy growth of the sulfide-oxidizing bacterium Thiothrix. The bacterium did not seem to harm the mayfly, but the Thiothrix trichomes were parasitized by three morphologically distinct bacteria, two of which were cytoplasmic and one of which was probably periplasmic. At least two of the parasites destroyed the cytoplasmic contents of the Thiothrix sp. , thus killing the host cell. Attempts to obtain the parasites in pure culture were unsuccessful.
Liver regeneration and repair: Hepatocytes, progenitor cells, and stem cells

Studies of liver regenerative processes have gained new prominence, generated from analyses of genetically engineered animal models, the transplantation of human livers, and the surging interest in stem cells. These studies gave rise to expectations regarding the practical applications of research on the mechanisms of liver regeneration that were unthinkable just a few years ago. As the field expanded to a broader audience, this new knowledge also brought confusion and often misinterpretations regarding the cellular mechanisms responsible for liver regeneration in different types of hepatic growth processes. This article is a brief review of the role of hepatocytes, oval cells (see box for nomenclature), and bone marrow cells in liver regeneration and repopulation. This topic has generated great excitement, a good deal of noise, much controversy, and many surprises. The review of the rapidly expanding literature presented here, particularly as it deals with stem cells, was guided by a few principles: (1) be wary of dogma1 and of overinterpretation of data; (2) a “new discovery” may be a true new finding, but it may simply be the repackaging of an old discovery; and (3) an exciting story is not necessarily a true story.
The Contribution of Callous and Unemotional Traits and Parenting Practices to Aggressive and Rule-breaking Behaviors

Individual differences, particularly callous and unemotional (C&U) traits, and parenting practices are some of the strongest predictors of externalizing behavior in adolescents. However, findings on the associations between C&U traits, parenting, and externalizing behaviors have been mixed, with studies often utilizing single scores to represent these multidimensional constructs. The current study used a developmental-contextual framework to examine how dimensions of C&U traits predict aggressive and non-aggressive rule-breaking behaviors through positive and negative parenting practices. The study used archival data from 174 pairs of adolescent males, ages 11-16 years old, and their mothers. Results showed that C&U traits influenced externalizing behaviors through parenting practices. Findings also showed specificities among these relationships. Particularly, the associations between Uncaring and aggressive, as well as non-aggressive rule-breaking, behaviors was mediated by negative parenting, whereas the association between Unemotional and rule-breaking behaviors was mediated by positive parenting practices. Research and clinical implications are discussed. INDEX WORDS: Callous-unemotional traits, C&U traits, Externalizing behaviors, Parenting, Antisocial behaviors, Aggression THE CONTRIBUTION OF CALLOUS AND UNEMOTIONAL TRAITS AND PARENTING PRACTICES TO AGGRESSIVE AND RULE-BREAKING BEHAVIORS
Learning with Technology: Using Discussion Forums to Augment a Traditional-Style Class

There is considerable evidence that using technology as an instructional tool improves student learning and educational outcomes (Hanna & de Nooy, 2003). In developing countries, pre-university education focuses on memorization, although meting the mission of AUST requires students to manage technology and to think more independently. This study examines the impact of incorporating a discussion forum on the achievement of university students enrolled in a Distance Education course, Educational Technology Department at Ajman University of Science and Technology (AUST), United Arab Emirates. The study was conducted with 34 students divided into two sections, one a treatment group and one a control group. Both sections were exposed to the same teaching techniques covering the same course material on Distance Education. Four weeks after the course had commenced they were given the same teacher constructed test. However, after the first test, the treated group was exposed to the use of a World Wide Web (WWW) interactive discussion forum. At the end of the semester-long treatment period, a final test was given to both groups, and student scores were analyzed for any statistically significant difference. Questionnaires and interviews were also conducted to see if students had enjoyed the experience. The results of the study indicated that students in both groups showed learning improvement over the course of one semester, but discussion forums had an obvious impact on student achievement and attitude in distance learning/ educational technology course.
Couplages multi-physiques : évaluation des impacts méthodologiques lors de simulations de couplages neutronique/thermique/mécanique.

L’objectif de cette these est l’etude des methodes de couplage entre neutronique, thermique et mecanique. Apres une revue generale des techniques de couplage, on s’est interesse a la prise en compte de deformations mecaniques dans les simulations neutroniques. Les codes actuels de neutronique utilisant des methodes deterministes ne sont generalement pas capables de traiter une geometrie deformee. Ce type de calcul a pourtant un interet fort pour la filiere rapide et est un prerequis indispensable pour l’etude du couplage envisagee.Deux approches ont ete identifiees et implementees pour repondre a cette problematique, selon que l’on utilise un maillage de calcul mobile ou fixe. Elles ont ete testees et confrontees sur les essais de gerbage du reacteur Phenix. Le couplage a ete etudie ensuite, avec l’approche a maillage mobile, sur l’experience Godiva qui presente un couplage a la fois conceptuellement simple et fort entre les physiques qui nous interessent. Ces travaux ont permis de mettre en avant l’utilisation de la methode de factorisation quasi-statique en neutronique qui permet de coupler efficacement un solveur de neutronique cinetique avec une autre discipline. Travail plus amont, le developpement d’un solveur directement multiphysique a egalement ete explore. L’utilisation de l’algorithme de Newton sur les formes discretisees des equations couplees a donne de bons resultats et semble etre une approche generalisable a d’autres couplages.Cette these debouche ainsi a la fois sur une meilleure comprehension de la physique des cœurs deformes et sur des outils operationnels pour leur simulation, mais aussi sur des recommandations tres generales pour la mise en œuvre de calculs couples.
Piezoelectric MEMS resonators for monitoring grape must fermentation

The traditional procedure followed by winemakers for monitoring grape must fermentation is not automated, has not enough accuracy or has only been tested in discrete must samples. In order to contribute to the automation and improvement of the wine fermentation process, we have designed an AlN-based piezoelectric microresonator, serving as a density sensor and being excited in the 4th-order roof tile-shaped vibration mode. Furthermore, conditioning circuits were designed to convert the one-port impedance of the resonator into a resonant two-port transfer function. This allowed us to design a Phase Locked Loop-based oscillator circuit, implemented with a commercial lock-in amplifier with an oscillation frequency determined by the vibrating mode. We were capable of measuring the fermentation kinetics by both tracking the resonance frequency and by determining the quality factor measurements of the microresonator. Moreover, the resonator was calibrated with an artificial model solution of grape must and then applied for the monitoring of real grape must fermentation. Our results demonstrate the high potential of MEMS resonators to detect the decrease in sugar and the increase in ethanol concentrations during the grape must fermentation with a resolution of 100 μg/ml and a sensitivity of 0.16 Hz/μg/ml as upper limits.
The action of cardiotoxins on cardiac plasma membranes.

During the last decade interest has increased in the many neurotoxins synthesized by microorganisms, plants, snakes, scorpions, spiders, and ma­ rine organisms. Each toxin is valuable because of its extreme specificity of action and its high affinity for its receptor, characteristics that allow its use in the pharmacological analysis of important physiological functions. Many neurotoxins are also cardiotoxins. We here review natural substances that are toxic to cardiac cells through their interaction with ionic channels. Excluded from this discussion (re­ viewed in 26) are toxins that specifically act on nerve terminals to alter the storage and release of neurotransmitters such as a-Iatrotoxin, botulinum toxin, tetanus toxin, ,B-bungarotoxin, crotoxin, etc.
Is elevated contact stress predictive of post‐traumatic osteoarthritis for imprecisely reduced tibial plafond fractures?

Despite the widely held belief that residual incongruities from intra‐articular fractures subject the joint to contact stresses that predispose to post‐traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), objective evidence has been lacking. This study tested the hypothesis that a metric of elevated contact stress exposure would predict the onset of PTOA. The ankles of 10 tibial plafond fracture patients were treated initially using a spanning fixator, with subsequent screw fixation of the articular surface. Following up on an earlier report of finite element computed post‐operative contact stress distributions in these patients' ankles, Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) scores were assessed from minimum 2‐year follow‐up radiographs to characterize the presence/severity of PTOA. At that time point, seven patients had developed PTOA (KL ≥ 2). Five different metrics of contact stress exposure were calculated, all of which exhibited excellent concordance with KL scores, ranging from 88% to 95%. When time of stress exposure was included, one metric was able to predict PTOA development (KL ≥ 2) with 100% reliability, and all metrics exhibited >94% prediction reliability. These findings, albeit in a small population, support the existence of a contact stress exposure threshold above which incongruously reduced tibial plafond fractures are highly likely to develop PTOA. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:33–39, 2011
Temporomandibular-evoked jaw muscle reflex: role of brain stem NMDA and non-NMDA receptors

This study investigated the possible involvement of brain stem excitatory amino acid receptor mechanisms and the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) in temporomandibular joint (TMJ)-evoked reflex jaw muscle activity. Glutamate injected into the TMJ of anesthetized rats reflexly evoked activity in the jaw muscles. Application of lidocaine, but not saline, to the surface of the caudal brainstem overlying Vc significantly suppressed TMJ-evoked jaw muscle activity, while application of NMDA or non-NMDA receptor antagonists also significantly attenuated jaw muscle activity. These results provide evidence that Vc is a critical relay in the TMJ-evoked reflex activation of the jaw muscles, and that both NMDA and non-NMDA receptor mechanisms may contribute to these effects.
Large-scale De Novo Prediction of Physical Protein-Protein Association*

Information about the physical association of proteins is extensively used for studying cellular processes and disease mechanisms. However, complete experimental mapping of the human interactome will remain prohibitively difficult in the near future. Here we present a map of predicted human protein interactions that distinguishes functional association from physical binding. Our network classifies more than 5 million protein pairs predicting 94,009 new interactions with high confidence. We experimentally tested a subset of these predictions using yeast two-hybrid analysis and affinity purification followed by quantitative mass spectrometry. Thus we identified 462 new protein-protein interactions and confirmed the predictive power of the network. These independent experiments address potential issues of circular reasoning and are a distinctive feature of this work. Analysis of the physical interactome unravels subnetworks mediating between different functional and physical subunits of the cell. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of the network for the analysis of molecular mechanisms of complex diseases by applying it to genome-wide association studies of neurodegenerative diseases. This analysis provides new evidence implying TOMM40 as a factor involved in Alzheimer's disease. The network provides a high-quality resource for the analysis of genomic data sets and genetic association studies in particular. Our interactome is available via the hPRINT web server at: www.print-db.org.
Reading fiction during sick leave, a multidimensional occupation

Abstract Background: In bibliotherapy, the therapeutic gains of reading fiction are ascribed to the literature. Viewing reading fiction as an occupation may give other explanations of its therapeutic function. Aim: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences of reading fiction among women during a period of sick leave. Material and methods: A qualitative approach was applied. Eight women who had been reading fiction during sick leave were interviewed. Results: An overarching theme: Supporting one’s active self, comprised five categories of experiences: a prospect of ordinary life, a place of refuge, a life together with others, a source of power, and as supporting an active life. Conclusion and significance: Based on the categories, reading fiction is seen to comprise intentional, functional, mental, relational, and personal dimensions. A tentative model of supporting one’s active self is proposed, which may be helpful in clarifying the mechanisms of the process of change. The health-related dimensions of reading fiction suggest that reading fiction should be regarded as a significant occupation comparable with other, more highlighted ones. Understood in this way, it is argued that the results add to the knowledge base in occupational therapy focusing on how meaningful occupations connect to occupational life trajectories.
A comparison of the specificity and sensitivity of two Candida antigen assay systems for the diagnosis of deep candidiasis in patients with hematologic diseases.

BACKGROUND Latex agglutination assay for detection of circulating Candida antigen (Cand-Tec, Ramco Laboratories), which is now commercially available, provides a rapid and simple means for the diagnosis and management of deep-seated Candida infections. MATERIAL/METHODS The Cand-Tec microtiter system (Cand-Tec MT, Ramco Japan), new latex agglutination assay for Candida antigen, expresses Candida antigen level as the cutoff index (C.I.) value by means of colorimetric analysis and is expected to be more objective method. RESULTS In this study, we evaluated the advantages, if any, of Cand-Tec MT compared with the original Cand-Tec for the diagnosis of deep-seated Candida infections in 25 patients with hematologic diseases. A total of 80 serum specimens were taken from the patients when they showed febrile neutropenia and were suspected of having infectious disease. The C.I. value in Cand-Tec MT well correlated with the Cand-Tec titer. The sensitivity and specificity of Cand-Tec MT were 100% and 80%, respectively. The change in C.I. value in the sera was followed up during antifungal therapy. The C.I. value decreased in 75% of cases that responded to antifungal therapy, but did not show any tendency in non-responsive cases. In some cases, the C.I. value showed improvement corresponding to the therapeutic effect, while the Cand-Tec titer did not. CONCLUSIONS Cand-Tec MT is a useful method for the early diagnosis and accurate evaluation of the therapeutic effect of systemic candidiasis.