Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity Baltic Health and Physical Activity Ways of settling a judo fight at consecutive stages of sports Ways of settling a judo fight at consecutive stages of sports competitions competitions

Background: At successive stages of sports competition, judo contestants aim at achieving the best sports result. Each fight can be resolved by an effectively executed attack before the regular time ( ippon or double waza-ari ) or by a better score for efficient attacks ( waza-ari or yuko ). The victory can also be achieved for penalties awarded to the opponent ( shido ) or when he/she is disqualified for infractions of the sports rules of the International Judo Federation. Material/Methods: The research material was based on the analysis of bouts fought by male competitors during the World Championships in 2014 and 2015. Results: The results of the conducted analysis allow concluding that at subsequent stages of sports competition the number of fights decided by efficiently executed techniques evaluated as ippon or double waza-ari decreased, just as the number of fights won through the opponent’s disqualification. On the other hand, the number of decisions based on a better score for efficient attacks and the number of fights in which athletes won due to penalties given to their opponents increased. Conclusions: At all the analysed stages of competitions, one quarter of the bouts was decided by penalties which were a consequence of committed infractions.
Finance and Growth: The Role of Islamic Contracts

Although, Islamic law has been in existence for more than fourteen hundred years, but its implementation have been subjected to the willingness of the rulers in the passage of history and civilization. Although, the study on financial contracts has been extensively reviewed, the role of Islamic contracts is not highlighted, except those in the historical institutional and contract theory literatures. The study that link finance and growth takes many dimensions. One of the dimensions is law and finance view. In the beginning, the studies that link the former only look at the finance variables and economic variables. Further development analyses the relationship at the system level, i.e. discussion whether bank-based vs. market-based matters on growth. Islamic finance comes up with its distinctive contracts and products of profit-loss sharing. It may give different character and notion in the financial system in particular and in the economic system in general. This paper is aimed at discussing Islamic laws which are relevant to finance. Most importantly the aspect of contracts as foundation for the distinctive Islamic financial products, i.e. the one resembling profit-loss sharing nature containing cooperative spirit, will be analysed to establish a strong connection with financial stability as pre-requisite to achieve the economic growth.
Integration and devolvement of human resource practices in Nepal

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the nature of human resource management in publicly listed finance sector companies in Nepal. In particular, it explores the extent to which HR practice is integrated into organisational strategy and devolved to line management. Design/methodology/ approach: A structured interview was conducted with the senior executive responsible for human resource management in 26 commercial banks and insurance companies in Nepal. Findings: The degree of integration of HR practice appears to be increasing within this sector, but this is dependent on the maturity of the organisations. The devolvement of responsibility to line managers is at best partial, and in the case of the insurance companies, it is more out of necessity due to the absence of a strong central HR function. Research limitations/implications: The survey is inevitably based on a small sample; however this represents 90 per cent of the relevant population. The data suggest that Western HR is making inroads into more developed aspects of Nepalese business. Compared with Nepalese business as a whole, the financial sector appears relatively Westernised, although Nepal still lags India in its uptake of HR practices. Practical implications: It appears unlikely from a cultural perspective that the devolvement of responsibility will be achieved as a result of HR strategy. National cultural, political and social factors continue to be highly influential in shaping the Nepalese business environment. Originality/value: Few papers have explored HR practice in Nepal. This paper contributes to the overall assessment of HR uptake globally and highlights emic features impacting on that uptake. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Appointments, Pay and Performance in UK Boardrooms by Gender

This article uses UK data to examine issues regarding the scarcity of women in boardroom positions. The article examines appointments, pay and any associated productivity effects deriving from increased diversity. Evidence of gender-bias in the appointment of women as non-executive directors is found together with mixed evidence of discrimination in wages or fees paid. However, the article finds no support for the argument that gender diverse boards enhance corporate performance. Proposals in favour of greater board diversity may be best structured around the moral value of diversity, rather than with reference to an expectation of improved company performance.
Genuine Savings: Leading Indicator of Sustainable Development?

The World Bank recently began publishing estimates of countries’ “genuine savings”: a comprehensive measure of net investment across all forms of capital (natural and human as well as produced). This article presents the first empirical investigation of the consistency of the Bank’s estimates with the hypothesis that net investment should equal the difference between a country’s average future consumption and its current consumption. Results show that the Bank’s estimates are consistent only with weak versions of this hypothesis and then only for developing countries. Moreover, a simple autoregressive‐integrated‐moving‐average (ARIMA) model outperforms any net investment measure, comprehensive or conventional, as a predictor of the difference between current and future consumption. In sum, the Bank’s net investment estimates tend to move in the same direction as the difference between current and average future consumption in developing countries, but they have little value for predicting the magnitude of this difference.
Effect of Acupressure on Postmenopausal Hypertension

This study was conducted to determine the effect of acupressure on postmenopausal hypertension. Sixty women after menopause complained from hypertension (diagnosed by gynecologist/ physician) from Geriatric Center for Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation in Palestine Hospital in Cairo, shared in this study. Their ages ranged from 50 to 65 years old, their blood pressure was ranged from 140/90 to 175/110 mmHg and they were in post menopause for at least one year. The study was conducted from 17 January to 15 March 2011. They were classified into two groups equal in number; group (A) received medications only while group (B) received medications and acupressure sessions. Blood pressure was evaluated by the sphygmomanometer before and after 6 weeks of the acupressure sessions. The obtained results showed a statistically highly significant decrease (P<0.01) in blood pressure measurements after acupressure sessions for group (B) more than group (A). Conclusion; it could be concluded that the acupressure is very effective in
Second international spectroradiometer intercomparison: results and impact on PV device calibration

This paper describes the results of an intercomparison of spectroradiometers for measuring global normal incidence and direct normal incidence spectral irradiance in the visible and in the near infrared, together with an assessment of the impact these results may have on the calibration of the short circuit current (Isc) of triple‐junction photovoltaic devices and on the relevant spectral mismatch calculation. The intercomparison was conducted by six European scientific laboratories and a Japanese industrial partner. Seven spectroradiometer systems, for a total of 13 different instruments/channels using two different technologies and made by four different manufacturers were involved. This group of systems represents a good cross section of the instrumentation for solar spectrum measurements available to date. The instruments were calibrated by each partner prior to the intercomparison following their usual procedure and traceability route in order to verify the entire measurement and traceability chain. The difference in measured spectral irradiance showed to have an impact on the calibration of a set of Iso‐Type cells varying from ±2% to ±14% for middle and bottom cell, respectively. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative Efficacy of Some Insecticides Against Insect Pest Complex of Maize

The impact of various insecticides viz., Promet 400CS (Seed treatment), Confidor 70WS, Furadan 3G, Basudin 60EC against pest insect complex of maize and on various yield components has been tested in this research. Confidor gave best results in reducing population of maize stem borer and maize shoot fly i.e., 1.708 and 2.375 per 20 plants respectively followed by Furadan i.e., 1.75 and 4.083 respectively. Basudin resulted in mean pest population as 2.33 (maize borer) and 5.375 (shoot fly). All the insecticidal treatments tested, significantly improved the plant characters over check. The highest plant height (241.82 cm) was observed in plots, which received seed treatment with Confidor.
Compensation in Swedish infrastructure projects and suggestions on policy improvements

Environmental compensation includes a range of activities intended to counterbalance such negative impacts of development projects that remain in the environment after all preventive and corrective measures have been fully implemented. Sweden, being a member state of the European Union (EU), must implement environmental compensation under EU directives such as the Habitat Directive. However, like in other countries, implementation is not yet widespread in Sweden, and new practices and guidelines remain to be developed both nationally and at European level. This need is all the more urgent considering that the European Commission estimates that, within the EU, about 100,000 hectares of land is converted from its natural state each year. The aim of this paper is to describe current environmental-compensation practices in Swedish road and railway projects and to discuss issues of vital importance to the development of compensation policy, such as what to compensate for, how much, and how. A national inventory was performed, for the first time in Sweden, to identify compensation measures in road and railway projects. Data were collected from a national mailing list including 141 officials at county administrative boards (CABs), internal e-mail correspondence within the Swedish Transport Administration and databases of court decisions. The inventory focused on compensation measures ordered by virtue of the Swedish Environmental Code. In addition, two case studies were carried out to investigate the planning of compensation measures. The results showed that CABs and courts rarely order compensation in infrastructure projects, even though this is possible under Swedish law. Between 1999 and 2012, 37 cases (i.e. permits issued) were found for which compensation was ordered. Of these cases, 76% concerned compensation for encroachments on minor habitats such as small ponds and cairns. No CAB ordered compensation for Nature Conservation 11: 113–127 (2015) doi: 10.3897/natureconservation.11. 4367 http://natureconservation.pensoft. net Copyright Jesper Persson et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. RESEARCH ARTICLE Launched to accelerate biodiversity conservation A peer-reviewed open-access journal
Microbial community diversity and the interaction of soil under maize growth in different cultivation techniques

Gałązka A. , Gawryjołek K. , Grządziel J., Frąc M. , Księżak J. (2017): Microbial community diversity and the interaction of soil under maize growth in different cultivation techniques. Plant Soil Environ. , 63. Soil microbial functional diversity under maize grown in different agricultural management practices was determined using the Biolog EcoPlates and other microbial and biochemical methods. Comparisons of substrate utilization and the diversity indices showed differences in community composition of microorganisms related to different cultivation techniques and seasons. The soil samples collected in spring were characterized by statistically significant lower indices of biological activity in comparison to the soil collected from the flowering stage of maize. The soils collected in spring from the plots with full tillage had a similarly high biological activity as the soils obtained from maize flowering season. The principal component of PC analysis, showed the strong correlation between the parameters of soil quality and biodiversity indicators. Selected indicators of soil microbial diversity explained 71.51% of biological variability in soils. Based on the PC analysis, two major groups of soils have been indicated. Management practices and seasons were two important factors affecting soil microbial communities.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN GRAM-NEGATIVE BACILLI ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACTS INFECTIONS

From Mar 2000 to Nov 2001 the prevalence of resistance to ampicillin, sulfomethaxazol-trimetoprim, (SXT) nitrofurantoin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, cephalothin, and gentamicin in 740 gram-negative bacilli isolated from outpatients with acute urinary tract infections (UTIs) at Kashan Central Laboratory was prospectively evaluated. Eschericia coli (Eco/i) (75%) was the most common causing UTIs, followed by Klebsiella spp. (17%) and Proteus spp. (2.1 %). Arnong them 80% more isolates were resistance to ampicillin and 47% more isolates to SXT. Cephalothin resistance among Ecoli isolates was >28%, Klebsiella spp 32.1 % and Proteus spp. 40%. Overall, the rate of ciprofloxacin resistance among them was 7.8 to 18.2%. Nalidixic acid resistance among Ecoli isolates was 6.5%, Klebsiella spp 9.7% and Proteus spp 15%. Arnong the isolates, 15% less isolates were resistance to gentamicin. Nitrofurantoin showed the lowest resistance rates «4.5%) with exception of the Proteus spp. (10%). The high prevalence ofresistance is surprising, it may reflect the widespread use of antibiotics in Kashan continued regional, and national surveillance is warranted.
Household economic status, schooling costs, and schooling bias against non-biological children in Malawi

The paper examines the relationship between household income and schooling costs in the presence of intrahousehold schooling bias against non-biological children. To this end, we construct a two-period model of intrahousehold schooling bias. The model predicts that there is an asymmetry in the impact of changes in costs and income on schooling in the sense that the impact is larger for the non-biological child. It predicts that the asymmetry increases as the relationship distance between the non-biological child and the parents gets wider. It also shows that an increase in cost of schooling leads to a bigger reduction in schooling for poor households, and that the di¤erence in the impact of cost changes between the biological and the non-biological child declines as household income increases i.e. there is convergence. And the convergence is faster the more distantly related to the parents the non-biological child is. An empirical investigation of these predictions using the Second Malawi Integrated Household Survey (IHS2) data, shows that when current enrolment and grade attainment are used to measure schooling, the price and income elasticities of schooling are larger for non-biological children. The results also indicate that households in the lowest income quintile (the poorest) have the largest price elasticities, and households in the highest income quintile (the wealthiest) have the smallest price elasticities. We also find that the price elasticities for biological and non-biological children converge as we move from the lowest income quintile to the highest income quintile, and that the convergence is faster for non-biological children who are non-relatives.
New ice core evidence for a volcanic cause of the A.D. 536 dust veil

New and well‐dated evidence of sulphate deposits in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores indicate a substantial and extensive atmospheric acidic dust veil at A.D. 533–534 ± 2 years. This was likely produced by a large explosive, near equatorial volcanic eruption, causing widespread dimming and contributing to the abrupt cooling across much of the Northern Hemisphere known from historical records and tree‐ring data to have occurred in A.D. 536. Tree‐ring data suggest that this was the most severe and protracted short‐term cold episode across the Northern Hemisphere in the last two millennia, even surpassing the severity of the cold period following the Tambora eruption in 1815.
Towards an integrative framework of brand country of origin recognition determinants: A cross‐classified hierarchical model

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework integrating the types and levels of the determinants of brand country of origin (CO) recognition and to provide evidence on internet users’ brand CO recognition rates, using a sample of multi‐regional and global brands from a variety of product categories and countries.Design/methodology/approach – The authors integrate “level‐1” consumer and brand characteristics and “level‐2” product category and country effects in a single framework. Data obtained through an original on‐line survey hosted by Yahoo provide the basis for the empirical analysis. Seven hypotheses are tested using a two‐level cross‐classified random‐effect model (HCM2). Findings – It is found that: education is positively related with brand CO recognition; experience with brands is positively related with brand CO recognition; integration between the consumer and the country of a foreign brand is positively related with brand CO recognition; internet users’ classification performa.
Enrico Fermi and the making of the language of nuclear physics

Each of the specialist communities, including for example scientists, technologists, bird watchers, football commentators, draws on the general languages of the members of the communities. The enthusiasm of scientists sometimes runs ahead of their natural languages and yet the more successful of the enthusiasts invariably harness their general language to lucid statements about the universe here and a microbe there. Enrico Fermi is a good example of how scientists harness their general language and sometimes their second general language. In Italy, Fermi and his colleagues created the Italian LSP of atomic and nuclear physics during a 20-year period spanning 1920-1940. Fermi then worked in the USA with a number of non-native speakers of English to create and elaborate the English LSP of nuclear physics, of quantum mechanics, of nuclear (reactor) engineering amongst other subjects. We describe how a corpus-based diachronic study can reveal the manner in which Fermi and his colleagues used the lexicogrammar of Italian to create the Italian LSP of atomic and nuclear physics. The particularly productive use of inflectional and derivational morphology of Italian is noteworthy in Fermi's writings Toute communaute specialisee, comme par example celle des scientifiques, des technologues, les bird watchers, les reporteurs de football, puise abondamment dans les langues generales des membres des communautes, dans le patimoine de leur langue generale. L'enthousiasme des scientifiques, quelquefois, anticipe leur langue naturelle, cependant les enthousiastes les plus qui avec le plus de succes exploitent invariablement leur langue generale pour exprimer clairement leurs propos, que cela soit sur l'Univers our sur un microbe. Enrico Fermi est un bon example pour temoigner, montrer comment les scientifiques exploitent leur langue generale et quelquefois leur deuxieme langue generale. En Italie, Fermi et se collegues creerent la langue specialisee italienne de physique atomique et nucleaire pendant une vingtaine d'annees, allant del 1920-1940. Fermi, ensuite, travailla aux Etats-Unis avec des non-anglophones pour creer et elaborer la langue specialisee anglaise de physique nucleaire, de la mecanique quantique, de l'ingenierie nucleaire (de reacteur) entre autres. Nous decrivons comment une etude basee sur un corpus diachronique peut reveler la facon dont Fermi et ses collegues userent le systeme lexico-grammatical de la langue italienne pour creer la langue specialisee italienne de la physique atomique et nucleaire. Notamment le recours frequent de la morphologie flexionelle et derivationnelle de la langue italienne est a remarquer dans les ecrits de Fermi.
A Question of Scale: Ethnic Diversity and the Provision of Public Goods

Ethnic diversity has been shown to have negative consequences on the delivery of key public goods. It may be expected that the impact of ethnicity will be most critical in the diverse societies of Sub-Saharan Africa where the problems of development appear particularly intractable. However, given the centralized nature of African politics, the measurement of ethnic diversity is an important factor in the analysis. This paper demonstrates that ethnic diversity has a signicant
The record of changing hematite and goethite accumulation over the past 22 Myr on the Chinese Loess Plateau from magnetic measurements and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

[1] High-field isothermal remanence (HIRM) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) wereusedto characterize hematite and goethite in a suite of bulkand particle-sized fractioned samples from the Chinese Loess Plateau, representing the main changes in magnetic mineralogy over the past 22 Myr. The record of DRS-defined hematite largely reflects variations in the pedogenic fraction ( 8 mm) makes the main contribution to goethite concentrations in the bulk samples. Pedogenic goethite concentrations generally vary inversely with those of hematite. The lack of consistent correlations between HIRM-inferred mineral content and DRS measurements casts doubt on the validity of using HIRM to characterize the concentrations and relative proportions of hematite and goethite in sediments representing a long time span or a wide grain size distribution. The progressive decline in the coercivity of the antiferromagnetic minerals in bulk samples throughout the whole period is mainly an expression of changes in the detrital fraction, reflecting changes in the source region, possibly involving increased aluminum substitution. The good correlation between DRS-defined hematite and frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility in several chronologically defined subgroups of samples is consistent with the hypothesis that maghemite forms a transitional phase in a weathering sequence from ferrihydrite to hematite. The results shed new light on using HIRM to characterize hematite and goethite in sediments and on the history of weathering and climate change over the past 22 Myr in the dust source regions and on the Loess Plateau.