Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management of banana plants against Meloidogyne incognita with indigenous medicinal and aromatic plants

Twenty indigenous medicinal and aromatic plants viz., Perovskia abrotanoides, Valeriana wallichii, Artemisia vulgaris, Peganum harmala, Saphora alopecuroides, Artemisia absinthium, Carum copticum, Berberis balochistanica, Matricaria lasiocarpa, Ephedra procera, Centratherum anthelminticum, Zatoria multiflora, Lallemantia royaleana, Mentha spicata, Withania coagulans, Achillea santolina, Ferula oopoda, Nepeta cateria, Teucrium stocksianum and Fagonia cretica were screened for their efficacy test against Meloidogyne incognita both in laboratory and pot experiments at doses of 0.5g/lit water (0.5% w/v), 1.0g/lit water (1% w/v), 1.5g/lit water (1.5% w/v), 2g/lit water (2% w/v), 2.5g/lit water (2.5% w/v) and 3.0g/lit water (3% w/v). Zatoria multiflora, Achillea santolina, Ferula oopoda and Nepeta cateria showed more efficacies as compared to other medicinal and aromatic plants both in laboratory and pot experiments. During laboratory experiments highest mortality (100%) was exhibited by the extract of Zatoria multiflora, Achillea santolina and Nepeta cateria against dose of 3.0g/liter followed by Teucrium stocksianum and Ferula oopoda with mortality of 90 % and 89%, respectively at the same dose of 3.0g/liter. Further, in pot experiments all tested plants showed significant effect on management parameters of M. incognita; however, minimum juvenile population were recorded from extracts of Matricaria lesiocarpa which was 3532.5 at dose 3g/liter. Similarly minimum root-knot index (1.0) was recorded from extracts of fourteen medicinal and aromatic plants at dose of 3.0g/liter and reproductive factor was also minimum 0.56 at dose of 3.0g/liter from extracts of Zatoria multiflora, Ferula oopoda and Matricaria lasiocarpa.
Neurobiological mechanisms for nonverbal IQ tests: implications for instruction of nonverbal children with autism

Traditionally, the neurological correlates of IQ test questions are characterized qualitatively in terms of ‘control of attention’ and ‘working memory. ’ In this report we attempt to characterize each IQ test question quantitatively by two factors: a) the number of disparate objects that have to be imagined in concert in order to solve the problem and, b) the amount of recruited posterior cortex territory. With such a classification, an IQ test can be understood on a neuronal level and a subject’s IQ score could be interpreted in terms of specific neurological mechanisms available to the subject. Here we present the results of an analysis of the three most popular nonverbal IQ tests: Test of Nonverbal Intelligence (TONI-4), Standard Raven's Progressive Matrices, and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V). Our analysis shows that approximately half of all questions (52±0.02%) are limited to mental computations involving only a single object; these easier questions are found towards the beginning of each test. More difficult questions located towards the end of each test rely on mental synthesis of several disparate objects and the number of objects involved in computations gradually increases with question difficulty. These more challenging questions require the organization of wider ‡ § | © Vyshedskiy A et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. posterior cortex networks by the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC). This conclusion is in line with neuroimaging studies showing that activation level of the lateral PFC and the posterior cortex positively correlates with task difficulty. This analysis has direct implications for brain pathophysiology and, specifically, for therapeutic interventions for children with language impairment, most notably for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and other developmental disorders.
Risk Assessment of Stalkers

Risk assessment of stalkers is difficult due to the diversity of stalking-related behaviors and the lack of research. The authors discuss three problems. First, stalking is a form of targeted violence, that is, violence directed at specific people known to the perpetrator. Second, stalking may include acts that are implicitly or indirectly threatening. Third, stalking can persist for many years, even decades. In contrast, most research on violence risk assessment ignores the relationship between victim and perpetrator, defines violence solely in terms of physical harm, and tracks perpetrators for limited time periods. The authors conclude that these problems make it impossible to rely on actuarial approaches when assessing risk for stalking at the present time, although it is possible to use structured professional judgment. They discuss some basic principles that can be used to guide stalking risk assessment within the framework of structured professional judgment.
A Markov-switching model of inflation: looking at the future during uncertain times

In this paper, we analyze the dynamic of inflation in Venezuela, during the last eighteen years, through a Markov-switching estimation of a New Keynesian Phillips curve. Estimation is carried out using the EM algorithm. The model’s estimates distinguish between a “normal or backward looking” regime and a “rational expectation” regime consistent with episodes of high uncertainty regarding the performance of the economy. This characterization of regimes is based on two elements: the description of the process of formation of inflationary expectations and the main economic events occurred during each regime. JEL classification: C29, E31, D84
Expanding biogas on UK dairy farms: a question of scale

Expanding Anaerobic Digestion (AD) in the UK will not only depend upon finding appropriate economic structures to support on‐farm developments but also an appreciation of environmental issues such as less Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions; reduced use of artificial fertilisers; and better management of farm wastes. At the core of this paper is the Anaerobic Digestion Analytical Model (ADAM) that examines the economic and environmental impacts of integrating AD into UK farming systems. However, the average dairy farm in the UK is not of sufficient size to enable profitable biogas production. Indeed, farm size, as represented by FBS/FAS data used in ADAM, needs to be scaled by three to four times for a biogas enterprise to break‐even. To boost profitability, some farms may use additional energy (food and non food) crops as well as other high energy sources such as biodiesel residues etc. In some circumstances, possibilities may exist for neighbouring farmers to co‐operate and manage a biogas installation that processes manures and energy crops to increase the scale of an on‐farm plant. Despite issues of scale however, on‐farm AD plants do have the capacity to (i) reduce Carbon Dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions that a dairy farm produces; and (ii) the by‐product of digestate provides farms with greater nutrient availability for crops.
Investing in sporting success as a domestic and foreign policy tool: the case of Qatar

This article investigates why the small Middle Eastern country Qatar is investing so heavily in the sport sector. The country is hosting prestigious sporting events such as the Asian Games, the handball and the football World Cup, promotes elite sport success by local and naturalized athletes and invests in famous sport clubs abroad. The article analyses how sport is used as a domestic policy tool, for example to develop a healthy society and to attract white-collar expats from abroad. Sport is also used as a foreign policy tool to build relations with as many countries and people in the world as possible to gain soft power and for national security reasons.
Graphene Oxide/Zinc Oxide (GO/ZnO) Nanocomposite as a Superior Photocatalyst for Degradation of Methylene Blue (MB)-Process Modeling by Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

The photocatalytic performance of graphene oxide/zinc oxide (GO/ZnO) nanocomposite was investigated for degradation of methylene blue (MB) from wastewater and was compared with that of zinc oxide (ZnO), graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotube/zinc oxide (CNT/ZnO). The properties of the GO/ZnO nanocomposite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The SEM and TEM results revealed the nanostructure of the composite. The photocatalytic process was modeled by response surface methodology (RSM), considering four independent factors. The significance of the model was approved by analysis of variance (ANOVA) (determination coefficient R2 = 0.95, R2adj = 0.91). The optimum conditions of the process were found to be at photocatalyst dosage, initial pH, H2O2 concentration and irradiation time of 2.1 g L-1, 4.5, 3.5 × 10-4 mol L-1 and 140 min, respectively. The removal of MB over GO/ZnO was 99% under the optimum conditions and was superior than that over GO and CNT/ZnO. According to Pareto analysis of the modeling, the irradiation time and photocatalyst dosage were the most effective factors on the decolorization efficiency of methylene blue, respectively.
Supernova PTF 12glz: A Possible Shock Breakout Driven through an Aspherical Wind

We present visible-light and ultraviolet (UV) observations of the supernova PTF 12glz. The SN was discovered and monitored in the near-UV and R bands as part of a joint GALEX and Palomar Transient Factory campaign. It is among the most energetic SNe IIn observed to date (≈1051 erg). If the radiated energy mainly came from the thermalization of the shock kinetic energy, we show that PTF 12glz was surrounded by ∼1 M⊙ of circumstellar material (CSM) prior to its explosive death. PTF 12glz shows a puzzling peculiarity: at early times, while the freely expanding ejecta are presumably masked by the optically thick CSM, the radius of the blackbody that best fits the observations grows at ≈7000 km s−1. Such a velocity is characteristic of fast moving ejecta rather than optically thick CSM. This phase of radial expansion takes place before any spectroscopic signature of expanding ejecta appears in the spectrum and while both the spectroscopic data and the bolometric luminosity seem to indicate that the CSM is optically thick. We propose a geometrical solution to this puzzle, involving an aspherical structure of the CSM around PTF 12glz. By modeling radiative diffusion through a slab of CSM, we show that an aspherical geometry of the CSM can result in a growing effective radius. This simple model also allows us to recover the decreasing blackbody temperature of PTF 12glz. SLAB-Diffusion, the code we wrote to model the radiative diffusion of photons through a slab of CSM and evaluate the observed radius and temperature, is made available online.
The stellar population and initial mass function of NGC 1399 with MUSE

We present spatially resolved measurements of the stellar initial mass function (IMF) in NGC1399, the largest elliptical galaxy in the Fornax Cluster. Using data from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) and updated state-of-the-art stellar population synthesis models from Conroy et al., we use full spectral fitting to measure the low-mass IMF, as well as a number of individual elemental abundances, as a function of radius in this object. We find that the IMF in NGC1399 is heavier than the Milky Way in its centre and remains radially constant at a super-Salpeter slope out to 0.7 Re. At radii larger than this, the IMF slope decreases to becomemarginally consistent with aMilkyWay IMF just beyond Re. The inferred central V-band M/L ratio is in excellent agreement with the previously reported dynamical M/L measurement from Houghton et al. The measured radial form of the M/L ratio may be evidence for a two-phase formation in this object, with the central regions forming differently to the outskirts. We also report measurements of a spatially resolved filament of ionized gas extending 4 arcsec (404 pc at DL = 21.1Mpc) from the centre of NGC1399, with very narrow equivalent width and low-velocity dispersion (65 ± 14 km s-1). The location of the emission, combined with an analysis of the emission line ratios, leads us to conclude that NGC1399's AGN is the source of ionizing radiation.
Airborne Measurement of Liquid and Total Water Content

AbstractTwo identical liquid water content (LWC) King probes—one total water content/liquid water content (TWC/LWC) Nevzorov probe and two constant-temperature T probes that are different in size to distinguish particles of different densities and diameters (section 2c)—were flown during the Alliance Icing Research Study (AIRS) II field campaign in the fall of 2003. This paper assesses measurements performed during several flights in mostly stratiform clouds. The two LWC King probes tracked well; however, discrepancies of up to 0.1 g m−3 for 1-s LWC measurements of 0.3 g m−3 were observed. Agreement between probes of different geometry and size was generally favorable, while levels of disagreement between the probes changed during numerous cloud penetrations from less than 20% up to a factor of 2, varying with flight conditions and microphysical structure of the cloud. Disagreement between probes was even larger when detecting ice water content (IWC). Measurement differences were attributed to different c.
Keterkaitan Citra Merek dan Harga terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada EMAK DI Fried chicken Pelaihari

Beragam faktor akan saling berkaitan untuk mempengaruhi konsumen dalam mempercayakan tempat berbelanja. Citra merek yang baik dapat dijadikan kekuatan oleh berbagai perusahaan untuk menarik konsumen, sedangkan harga produk yang murah dan terjangkau dengan daya beli konsumen pun akan berkaitan untuk mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian konsumen tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterkaitan citra merek dan harga terhadap keputusan pembelian pada EMAK DI Fried chicken. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh konsumen EMAK DI Fried chicken tetapi tidak diketahui jumlah pastinya. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi dan angket. Sampel yang diambil adalah 50 orang berdasarkan metode random sampling. Pada analisis data menggunakan metode kualitatif dan perkiraan sederhana. Dari hasil analisis data diketahui bahwa kategori citra merek sebesar 184/500 setara dengan 36,8% menyatakan baik. Kategori harga diketahui sebesar 42,8% menyatakan murah. Kategori keputusan pembelian diketahui sebesar 42,8% adalah tinggi. Variabel citra merek dan harga berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian sebesar 21,4% dan 18,4%. Variabel citra merek dan harga berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian sebesar 36,8%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, hal ini berarti semakin baik citra merek dan manajemen pelayanan, serta semakin murah harga yang ditawarkan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keputusan pembelian. Â Kata kunci: citra merek, kualitas produk, harga, keputusan pembelian
IMPORTANCE OF THE FUND MANAGEMENT COMPANY IN THE PERFORMANCE OF SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE MUTUAL FUNDS

We compare the performance of a sample of UK based SRI funds with similar conventional funds using a matched pair analysis based on size, age, investment universe and fund management company (FMC). We find that both the SRI and conventional funds outperform the market index about 50% of the time, even after fees. Sub sample tests show that the SRI funds in our sample perform better in the pre and post financial crisis periods while underperforming during the financial crisis period. Importantly, we find that the FMC plays a major role in the outperformance of both SRI and conventional funds.
Differential fruit choice in two simpatric monkey species and frugivorous bats in southern Mexico

In order to identify the role played by plant species as a food source in the fruit election of dispersing agents ( Alouatta pigra Lawrence 1933 , Ateles geoffroyi Kuhl 1820 and frugivorous bats), we developed a study in dry tropical forests in Yucatan, Mexico. We recorded the fruits consumed by frugivorous bats using collectors and, for monkeys, we implemented the focal animal method. The number of fruits consumed by primates ( A. pigra and A. geoffroyi ) and bats were recorded, 342 and 386, respectively. It was determined that bats deposited fruits with some percentage of pulp, while monkeys contributed more with a fruits without pulp (pairwise LSD contrast p < 0.05). Among the variety of fruit species in the diet of primates, we detected that A. pigra chose mostly not an abundant species such as Enterolobium cyclocarpum Jacq. Griseb. (1860) instead of those more abundant ( Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen (1953) and Brosimum alicastrum Sw. subsp. alicastrum C.C. Berg (1972)). The type of fruit and seed handling caused by primates would be more beneficial to seed germination than those applied by bats. Moreover, this election and fruit handling could depend on the characteristics of fruits and space-temporal availability of plant species as a food source.
Developing Organizational Commitment and Organizational Justice to Amplify Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Banking Sector

This research is an effort to detect the association amid Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) mediated via Organizational Commitment. The design of banking services has altered from simple work-related services to specialized services. This brings a great change in banks work dynamics so a research in this field is of high importance. It is a product of both primary and secondary sources of data, acquired through survey of 17 banks of Peshawar City. Sample was determined by applying Slovin’s Formula. Therefore, 200 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 134 were useable with the reply rate of 72.5%. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) findings verify that the assumed theory fits statistics incredibly fine. Significant positive associations were found amid Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Organizational Commitment. While non significant associations were found with Organizational Justice. As a Mediator, Organizational Commitment influences association amid Organizational Justice and OCB appreciably is accepted & significantly proved by observed data.
Antifertility activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Piper betle petiole on female Wistar rats

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the antifertility activity of extracts of Piper betle petiole on female Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Ethanolic and aqueous extract of petiole of P. betle was study antifertility activity in proven fertile female Wistar rats at the doses 500 mg/kg b.wt. /day for 30 days. Different parameters were studied in female Wistar rats, including phytochemical, effect of the reproductive outcome, anti-implantation, abortifacient, and estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity, were observed. Results: P. betle showed positive test for alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, terpenes, carbohydrates, and tannins. The extract of P. betle has antifertility effect the control rats showed good number of litters. Treatment of animal with different extracts resulted a significant (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Antifertility activity 51% and 37.2% was exhibited by alcoholic extract P. betle (APB) and water extract P. betle (WPB), respectively. After 21 days of the extracts free period, the antifertility effect of the extracts was reversed. The extract treatment with APB, an increase in the percentage of resorption index indicates the failure in development of embryo. The mean percentage of anti-implantation and abortifacient was found to be highest for APB - 38.45%, WPB - 13.62%, and APB - 28.96%, WPB - 26.22%, respectively. The decrement in implantation caused by the extracts may be due to estrogenic or antiestrogenic activity. However, along with standard APB exhibiting more potent estrogenic and less potent antiestrogenic when compared with standard. Conclusion: Female antifertility agents should include acceptability, safety, and efficacy during and after the treatment. The above results revealed the potential, reversible female antifertility effect of APB.
Molecular study on extended spectrum β-lactamase- producing Gram negative bacteria isolated from Ahmadi Hospital in Kuwait

During the period from November 2009 to April 2010, 84 out of 560 extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing negative bacteria were isolated from patients in different departments of the Ahmadi Hospital in Kuwait. The isolates were collected from urine catheter, wound, sputum, blood and other different samples. The ESBL infection rate in the in-patients was 62% and part of them (19%) were in the intensive care unit. All the isolated bacteria were identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using an automated system (VITEK 2) and different antibiotic discs (15) by standard disc diffusion. The number of the recorded isolated multi-resistant Gram's negative bacteria was 54 isolates of Escherichia coli, 18 of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 11 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, six of Proteus mirabilis, five of Enterobacter cloacae, four of Acinetobacter baumanii and one of Enterobacter aerogenes. They were resistant to the third generation of cephalosporins; Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime and Ceftriaxone. Meropenam (MEM) was the highest effective antibiotic against all the isolated bacteria (86%). The production of the ESBL was detected by phenotypic methods using E-test (96.4%), double disk synergy test (95%) and VITEK 2 (84.5%) in all multi-resistant isolates except A. baumanii and P. aeruginosa. All ESBL producing isolates were extracted and subjected to PCR using blaSHV, blaCTX-M and blaTEM primers. The bla-CTX-M (63.1%) was the most predominant ESBL gene that was produced in abundance by 42 isolates of E. coli. The most predominant ESBL isolates producing bla-TEM, blaCTX-M and bla-SHV genes were successfully identified by 16 S rDNA. The conjugation assay between E. coli HB101 and the most predominant ESBL producing E. coli showed that the bla-CTX-M gene was able to be transferrable suggesting that they were plasmid mediated.
Contesting National Belonging: An established-outsider figuration on the margins of Thessaloniki, Greece

Based on an ethnography of the relationship between Greek immigrants from the former Soviet Union and native Greeks in a neighbourhood in Thessaloniki, Greece, this book enquires into the practical deployment of ideologies of national belonging in immigrant-native figurations. Breaking with those theoretical perspectives that either assume the nationalistic standpoint or ignore it as if it did not matter, it aims to uncover, analyse and problematize the hegemonic power of ideologies of national belonging in structuring immigrant-native relations.
Effects of Reward on Self‐regulation, Intrinsic Motivation and Creativity

This article evaluates the effects of two types of rewards (performance‐contingent versus engagement‐contingent) on self‐regulation, intrinsic motivation and creativity. Forty‐two undergraduate students were randomly assigned to three conditions; i.e. a performance‐contingent reward group, an engagement‐contingent reward group and a control group. Results provide little support for the negative effects of performance rewards on motivational components. However, they do indicate that participants in the engagement‐contingent reward group and the control group achieved higher rated creativity than participants in the performance‐contingent reward group. Alternative explanations for this finding are discussed.