Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Isoenergetic Breakfast Compositions on Blood Glucose Regulation, Energy Allocation and Satiety

Background and purpose: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults, demands improved dietary strategies for weight management and metabolic competence. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the short-term effects of breakfasts with varying macronutrient composition on blood glucose regulation, energy metabolism and satiety. Methods: This study examined ten healthy males (25.6 ± 4.4 yrs; BMI 23.2 ± 0.9 kg/m²) fed isoenergetic breakfasts rich in either Carbohydrate (CH) (68% of energy), Fat (Fat) (64% of energy) or Protein (P) (35% of energy) or a breakfast which reflected the individuals Normal (N) breakfast composition. Blood glucose and lactate, resting oxygen consumption (VO 2 ), Respiratory Quotient (RQ) and satiety feeling were measured. All breakfasts with the exception of the individual normal breakfast variant were isoenergetic and all contained the same amount of dietary fiber. As a non-dietary control, subjects drank 200 ml water on one test day, with the same metabolic parameters measured. Results: Compared with the water control day, there was a significant macronutrient-induced change in the metabolic parameters. The most significant increases in blood glucose were found after the Carbohydrate breakfast and the individual normal breakfast, whereas the Fat and Protein-rich breakfasts induced comparatively smaller blood glucose responses. Only the Protein- rich breakfast led to significant increases in resting VO2 (up to 30%) without changes in RQ. Finally, the Protein-rich breakfast induced the highest satiety feeling. Conclusions: Although the Protein-induced effects may initially appear minor, the combination of a reduced glycemic response, increased VO 2 , a proportionately high fat oxidation and a stronger satiety effect may support the use of this dietary approach for healthy weight management in normal weight men.
Nurses' communication skills in military hospitals

Background and Purpose: Communication has become a core topic in nursing care and investigations on this topic could have a significant impact on increasing nursing quality services. The present study aims to evaluate the communication skills and nursing staff component focusing on emotional management, others' perception and self-expression. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study to determine the communication skills of military nursing staffs in Tehran, elected in 2013. 340 staff nurses working at internal medicine, surgery, intensive care unit (ICU) and emergency were enrolled. Data were gathered using a designed questionnaire and by using SPSS 18 and Chi-square analysis. Validity and reliability testing using alpha- Cronbach has been obtained 0.66. Results: 52.1% of the participants were women. The mean age was 35.29 (±7.5) and the mean score of communication skill was 116.14 (±9.43). Between communication skills & the variables of age, education, nursing responsibilities, there was a significant correlation (P< 0.05). The relationship between communication skill and components (emotional management, others' perception, self expression) was positive and significant (p< 0.001). Conclusion: The communication score in this study was average. Therefore, in order to promote efficiency and improv e care quality, encouraging the employees to utilize these skills and monitoring this execution and also developing short term courses with the subjects as emotional management, others’ perception, and self-expression, in the communicative skills are recommended.
Negotiating Professional News Judgment and “Clicks”

Abstract Digital media allow for instant tracking of audience behaviour, thus enabling a potential negotiation between journalists’ traditional authority and professional news values, on the one hand, and the audience’s power in terms of ignoring or paying attention to the journalistic outcome, on the other. The present study investigates whether clicks change news values and have an impact on news routines in tabloid, broadsheet and public service newsrooms. The findings indicate that audience metrics bring a new dimension to the news evaluation process regardless of publishing tradition, but that the commercial media seem to keep a closer tab on traffic. In general, journalists strive for a “good mix” between customization to achieve audience satisfaction and a desire for editorial independence.
From Social Theory to Policy Design

ABSTRACT Little attention has been given in policy analysis to the creative process of designing solutions to public policy problems. There are a number of difficulties in applying macro-level theories – whether from economics, sociology, philosophy or macro-systems theory – in the policy process. Any macro-level theory will tend to provide inadequate guidance in one or more of three aspects of policy-making: a model of causation, a model for evaluating alternatives and outcomes, and a model of how interventions operate. Our current knowledge about which policy strategies work best under which conditions is at best rudimentary. Academic disciplinary perspectives focus on a narrow repertoire of policy instruments. What is required is a design focus which draws on instruments associated with a range of disciplines and professions. A design perspective involves both a systematic process for generating basic strategies and a framework for comparing them. Such an approach will require at least the following elements: (1) the characteristics of problems (scale, collectiveness, certainty, predictability, independence); (2) characteristics of goals (value-laden, operational, process of goal-setting); (3) characteristics of instruments (suitability of different instruments).
An Investigation of Depression and Loneliness among School Principals

Th is research aimed to investigate whether loneliness predicts depression, and to examine the levels of depression loneliness among school principals according to such variables as gender and educational background. Th e study was conducted on 232 school principals (37 females and 195 males). Th irty six of the participants had associate degrees, 164 had undergraduate degrees and 32 had graduate degrees. Th e UCLA Loneliness Questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory were used in order to gather the data. t-test, ANOVA, Pearson moments correlation coeff icients and linear regression were used in order to analyze the data. Whether the levels of loneliness and depression diff ered significantly across gender was analyzed with a t-test. Th e results showed that the mean level of loneliness was x=34.38 for females and x=32.58 for males and the mean level of depression was x=29.11for females and x=28.39 for males. Neither of the mean diff erences was significant (p = .15, p= .49, respectively). ANOVA was used in order to observe whether loneliness and depression levels diff ered according to educational levels. Th e mean loneliness levels were found to be x=34.45 for those who had associate degrees; x=32.59 for those who had undergraduate degrees; and x=33.93 for those who hold graduate degrees. Similarly, the levels of depression were found to be x=29.60 for those who had associate degrees; x=28.37 for those who had undergraduate degrees; and x=28.50 for those who hold graduate degrees. Neither of the mean diff erences was significant (p = .39, p= .61). However there was a significant relationship between loneliness and depression when this relationship was observed with Pearson-product moments correlation coeff icient (p =.05). A simple liner regression analysis showed that loneliness scores predicted 15.3% of depression.
On an Extension of the Ikehara Tauberian Theorem II

We consider a positively deﬁnite self-adjoint operator $P$ on a separable Hilbert spaoe $H$ which has a compact resolvent. Then a speciﬁc exampk of the Ikehara Tauberian theorem is extended to the case where the zeta function of $P$ only has simple poles. In such circumstances, we can obtain the asymptotic behavior of the counting function of eigenvalues with remainder terms. And we have their applications to some partial diﬀerential operators.
Some features of children's composing in a computer-based environment: the influence of age, task familiarity and formal instrumental music tuition

760 children aged 8 to 12 composed 1,696 short melodies using a computer- based software application. As well as providing an appropriate composing environment, the software maintained a detail event-driven log of all user interactions. Session logs were used as the basis of a detailed behavioural analysis of children's composing processes, exploring the influence of three variables (age, task familiarity and formal instrumental music tuition) on composing processes. Results suggested that older children tended to engage in less exploratory composing behaviour in comparison to younger participants, such as listening to their emerging melodies or trying out different notes. Participants receiving formal instrumental music tuition were far less likely to use the exploratory functions of the software in comparison to their non-expert peers. Older children worked faster than younger children, and were more efficient in their use of the software functions. Increased familiarity with the software was accompanied by greater speed in interaction, regardless of instrumental expertise. Implications for music composition pedagogy and future research in musical creativity are discussed.
A Survey Of The Relation Between Capital Structure And Corporate Strategy

This paper responds to the general call for integration between finance and strategy research by examining how financial decisions are related to corporate strategy. In particular, the paper focuses on the link between capital structure and strategy. Corporate strategies complement traditional finance paradigms and extend our insight into a firm’s decisions regarding capital structure. Equity and debt must be considered as financial instruments as well as strategic instruments of corporate governance (Williamson 1988). Debt subordinates governance activities to stricter management, while equity allows for greater flexibility and decisionmaking power. The literature on finance and strategy analyzes how the strategic actions of key players (managers, shareholders, debtholders, competitors, workers, suppliers, etc) affect firm value and the allocation of value between claimholders. Specifically, financing decisions can concern value creation process (1) influencing efficient investments decisions according to the existence of conflict of interest between managers and firm’s financial stakeholders (shareholders and debtholders) and (2) affecting the relationship with non-financial stakeholders, as suppliers, competitors, customers, etc. To summarize, the potential interaction between managers, financial stakeholders, and nonfinancial stakeholders influences capital structure, corporate governance activities, and value creation processes. These in turn, may give rise to inefficient managerial decisions or they may shape the industry’s competitive dynamics to achieve a competitive advantage. A good integration between strategy and finance dimensions can be tantamount to a competitive weapon.
Infrared phonon spectra of quasi-one-dimensional 
Ta2NiSe5
 and 
Ta2NiS5

There is growing interest in the quasi-one-dimensional chalcogenide Ta${}_{2}$NiSe${}_{5}$ due to proposals that its ground state is an excitonic insulator. Here, the authors report a comparative spectroscopic study of Ta${}_{2}$NiSe${}_{5}$ and Ta${}_{2}$NiS${}_{5}$ single crystals and show that the excited states of Ta${}_{2}$NiSe${}_{5}$ can be described in terms of strongly overlapping exciton complexes along the Ta-Ni chains -- conditions highly conducive for the formation of an excitonic condensate. Their results offer a wealth of information on lattice and quasiparticle dynamics, as well as on excitons and their many-body interactions, that will support detailed assessments of the excitonic insulator hypothesis.
Learning by Reading: Description of Learning Strategies of Students Involved in a Problem-Based Learning Program.

Many educational institutions have moved toward situated learning and problem-based learning (PBL) in which students, to learn, must rely on investigations of problems within an authentic professional context. A study examined and described how students read and learn in such a context. Results of a 1995 qualitative study showed that four out of six medical students were not using efficient strategies to read and learn in this context; to explore these findings in more depth another study was conducted in 1997. Research objectives were to describe the different strategies--encoding/retrieval, reading, metacognitive, and resources managing--used by medical students as they learn in a PBL program; and to explore the relationship between the strategies used and knowledge acquired. Subjects, third-year medical students, must first use their prior knowledge to analyze the problem; then they must read texts on the subject to complete their knowledge; and finally they must organize all the information into a conceptual map. Those three tasks combine to create a context that sustains purposeful learning. Research protocol is descriptive and data were collected from the two aforementioned studies. For the group as a whole, half the strategies used were of metacognitive nature, and encoding/retrieval and reading strategies were equally used (24% and 26%). In reading, more strategies for reading text were used than working on ideas. In encoding/retrieval, strategies used were repetition, selection, elaboration, organization, and notetaking in descending order of frequency. For metacognitive strategies, evaluation was found twice as often as planning and monitoring. As for resource managing strategies, students used a reference book for a third of the time. (NKA) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Learning by Reading: Description of Learning Strategies of Students Involved in a Problem-Based Learning Program.
The Propaganda Model in the Early 21 st Century Part II JOAN PEDRO

This two-part article explores Herman and Chomsky’s propaganda model from diverse angles, with the aim of deepening its current dynamism and validity for explaining mass media production and content in advanced capitalist democracies. Part I of the contribution studies the contemporary relevance of the five components or “filters” that comprise the model, relates them to ongoing sociohistorical developments, and focuses on the different interactions affecting the media in the context of power relations. It then analyzes the situations in which the spectrum of media opinion is more open. Part II focuses on the validity of the model for explaining news content both in countries other than the United States and on the Internet, as well as for explaining media products other than news. This is followed by an examination of the possibility of expanding and modifying the model by incorporating other factors, which may be considered secondary filters.
Resonance in bidecadal and pentadecadal climate oscillations over the North Pacific: Role in climatic regime shifts

The roles of interdecadal oscillations in climatic regime shifts, which are observed as rapid strength changes in the Aleutian low in winter and spring seasons, have been analyzed. A regime shift results from simultaneous phase reversals between pentadecadal and bidecadal variations, which synchronize with one another at a relative period of three. The pentadecadal variation, which is observed in both winter and spring seasons, provides the basic timescale of regime shifts, while the bidecadal variation, which is observed only in winter, characterizes the rapidity of the shifts. A Monte‐Carlo simulation has shown that the simultaneous phase reversals or resonance between the pentadecadal and bidecadal variations reflect a physical linkage between them and do not coincide accidentally. The role of this synchronization feature for assessing and predicting regime shifts is discussed.
Investigation of the possibility for production of some stone fruit rootstocks by rooting cuttings

This work evaluated the influence of different biostimulators (IBA and NAA) on rooting softwood and hardwood cuttings from some stone fruit rootstocks (Mirabolana, St. Julian A., St. Julian INRA, St. Julian Orleans, GF 8/1, GF 655/2, Alkavo, Gisela 4, Gisela 5, Weiroot 53 and Weiroot 158). The experiment was conducted in an experimental greenhouse at the Institute of Agriculture, Skopje. Rooting biostimulators were applied in 3 variants: a) IBA 2%, b) NAA 0.2%, c) IBA 2% without chemical protection. The GF/8 rootstock had the highest percent of rooted cuttings (50.8%), while some rootstocks (Weiroot 158 and Wieroot 53) produced negligible rooting of the cuttings (1.6%). Hardwood cuttings from the tested rootstocks had better rooting (20.3%) than softwood cuttings (6.0%). The first treatment (IBA 2%) was the most efficient for rooting cuttings (23.1%).
The Acquisition of Uninterpretable Features: The Case of vP Ellipsis

One of the major goals of generative L2 research has been to determine the extent to which assumed properties of Universal Grammar (UG) are available to L2 learners in the development of interlanguage grammars. Age at which an L2 learner is first exposed to the target language has also been considered an important interacting factor. According to the ‘Interpretability Hypothesis’ (Hawkins & Hattori, 2006; Tsimpli & Dimitrakopoulou, 2007), the full resources of UG are not available to post-childhood L2 learners. The locus of the deficit is in the narrow syntax where uninterpretable and interpretable features are distinguished. In this hypothesis, properties associated with uninterpretable features not already activated in the L1 grammar will pose a learning problem for older L2 learners because they are inaccessible beyond a critical period. On the other hand, properties associated with interpretable features are acquirable even if they are not part of their L1 grammar because they remain accessible throughout life. In a new area of testing, this study examines the acquisition of auxiliary stranding in English as a phenomenon of vP ellipsis. The focus of inquiry in this paper is on the acquisition of the subtle contrast between the auxiliaries be and have when stranded as a result of verb elision under partial identity conditions, as in (1) and (2), respectively:
Nonlinear Eigenvalue Problem for Optimal Resonances in Optical Cavities

The paper is devoted to optimization of resonances in a 1-D open optical cavity. The cavity’s structure is represented by its dielectric permittivity function e (s ). It is assumed that e (s ) takes values in the range 1 ≤ e 1 ≤ e (s ) ≤ e 2 . The problem is to design, for a given (real) frequency α , a cavity having a resonance with the minimal possible decay rate. Restricting ourselves to resonances of a given frequency α , we define cavities and resonant modes with locally extremal decay rate, and then study their properties. We show that such locally extremal cavities are 1-D photonic crystals consisting of alternating layers of two materials with extreme allowed dielectric permittivities e 1 and e 2 . To find thicknesses of these layers, a nonlinear eigenvalue problem for locally extremal resonant modes is derived. It occurs that coordinates of interface planes between the layers can be expressed via arg-function of corresponding modes. As a result, the question of minimization of the decay rate is reduced to a four-dimensional problem of finding the zeroes of a function of two variables.
Marine ecosystem engineering by the alien ascidian Pyura praeputialis on a mid-intertidal rocky shore

Engineer species transform ecosystems due to their own growth, constitute an integral part of altered environments, and provide new habitats for other species, thus affecting biodiversity and the ecosystem. On rocky shores inside Antofagasta Bay (Northern Chile), the alien ascidian Pyura praeputialis, an engineer species, creates broad belts and dense 3-dimensional matrices that modify the intertidal habitat structure. In all, 116 species of macro-invertebrates and algae inhabit this habitat, compared with the 66 species inhabiting adjacent intertidal rocky shores which lack P. praeputialis. Of the 145 species recorded at the seascape scale (encompassing both mid-intertidal habitat), 55% were found exclusively in intertidal P. praeputialis matrices. Along the coastal gradi- ent, patterns in β-diversity emerge due to the addition of a new set of species to the community inhab- iting the P. praeputialis matrices and, to a lesser extent, from spatial turnover. We found differences in the shape of the species frequency distribution between the communities inhabiting the engi- neered and non-engineered mid-intertidal habitats. However, within the same habitat type, there was no difference in the species frequency distribution between functional groups. Occurrence of macro-algae was not affected by habitat type, but occurence of macro-invertebrates increased sig- nificantly in P. praeputialis matrices. P. praeputialis increases species richness at local and seascape scales by providing a novel mid-intertidal habitat which is used by mobile and vagile macro-inverte- brates that otherwise would remain excluded from this intertidal level.
Star Formation Law at Sub-kpc Scale in the Elliptical Galaxy Centaurus A as Seen by ALMA

We present an extensive analysis of the relationship between star formation rate surface density () and molecular gas surface density () at sub-kpc scale in the elliptical galaxy Centaurus A (also known as NGC 5128) at the distance 3.8 Mpc. 12CO ( = 2-1) data from Atacama Large Millimetre/Sub-Millimetre Array SV data with very high resolution (2.9′′, 0.84′′), as well as 24 μm data from the Spitzer Space Telescope, were used. This is one of the first studies of the SF law on Centaurus A at this very high spatial resolution. The results showed a breakdown in star formation law with a index relating and at 185 pc. A significant correlation exists between surface densities of molecular gas and SFR with very long depletion time (68 Gy). In addition we examined the spatially resolved relationship between velocity dispersion and star formation rate surface density for the outer disk of this galaxy and we found that the average velocity dispersion is equal to 11.78 km/s. The velocity dispersion of the molecular ISM for the outer disk is found to follow a power relation with the star formation rate surface density , where β is the slope from the ordinary least square fitting. The value of β is about and is the power law index of the star formation law.
Three-dimensional structure of the milky way dust: modeling of LAMOST data

We present a three-dimensional modeling of the Milky Way dust distribution by fitting the value-added star catalog of LAMOST spectral survey. The global dust distribution can be described by an exponential disk with scale-length of 3,192 pc and scale height of 103 pc. In this modeling, the Sun is located above the dust disk with a vertical distance of 23 pc. Besides the global smooth structure, two substructures around the solar position are also identified. The one located at $150^{\circ}<l<200^{\circ}$ and $-5^{\circ}<b<-30^{\circ}$ is consistent with the Gould Belt model of \citet{Gontcharov2009}, and the other one located at $140^{\circ}<l<165^{\circ}$ and $0^{\circ}<b<15^{\circ}$ is associated with the Camelopardalis molecular clouds.