Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Lake Bosumtwi meteorite impact structure, Ghana—Where is the magnetic source?

Abstract— The Bosumtwi impact structure (Ghana) is a young and well‐preserved structure where a vast amount of information is available to constrain any geophysical model. Previous analysis of the airborne magnetic data and results of numerical simulation of impact predicted a strongly magnetic impact‐melt body underneath the lake. Recent drilling through the structure did not penetrate such an expected impact‐melt rock magnetic source. A new 3‐D magnetic model for the structure was constructed based on a newly acquired higher‐resolution marine magnetic data set, with consideration of the observed gravity data on the lake, previous seismic models, and the magnetic properties and lithology identified in the two International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) deep boreholes. The new model contains highly magnetic bodies located in the northeast sector of the structure, not centered onto the drilling sites. As in previous models, higher magnetization than that measured in outcropping impactites had to be assigned to the unexposed source bodies. Integration of the new model with the borehole petrophysics and published geology indicates that these bodies likely correspond to an extension to the south of the Kumasi batholith, which outcrops to the northeast of the structure. The possibility that these source bodies are related to the seismically identified central uplift or to an unmapped impact‐melt sheet predicted by previous models of the structure is not supported. Detailed magnetic scanning of the Kumasi batholith to the north, and the Bansu intrusion to the south, would provide a test for this interpretation.
SYMMETRY AND SYMMETRY BREAKING: RIGIDITY AND FLOWS IN ELLIPTIC PDES

The issue of symmetry and symmetry breaking is fundamental in all areas of science. Symmetry is often assimilated to order and beauty while symmetry breaking is the source of many interesting phenomena such as phase transitions, instabilities, segregation, self-organization, etc. In this contribution we review a series of sharp results of symmetry of nonnegative solutions of nonlinear elliptic differential equation associated with minimization problems on Euclidean spaces or manifolds. Nonnegative solutions of those equations are unique, a property that can also be interpreted as a rigidity result. The method relies on linear and nonlinear flows which reveal deep and robust properties of a large class of variational problems. Local results on linear instability leading to symmetry breaking and the bifurcation of non-symmetric branches of solutions are reinterpreted in a larger, global, variational picture in which our flows characterize directions of descent.
Creative Thinking Curriculum Infusion for Students of Teachers’ Education Program

Creative thinking is consistently approved as a crucial competency for people to productively learn and succeed in this globalization and competition era. This article discusses the definition, major factors, and processes of creative thinking, and analyzes its improvement strategies. Furthermore, a curriculum infusion was proposed as an effective strategy to improve individual’s creative thinking in the universities, especially for teachers’ education program. The process of creative thinking curriculum infusion’s development consists of the following steps: (1) development of the creative thinking curriculum objectives, contents, and teaching strategies (2) selection of the existing courses to integrate creative thinking contents, and (3) implementation of creative thinking curriculum infusion model. This article finally suggests universities which provide teachers’ education program to extensively (1) integrate creative thinking contents into regular courses offered in the universities, (2) implement various creative thinking improvement strategies to deliver creative thinking contents, and (3) utilize a creative thinking self-assessment scale to measure students’ creative thinking. Moreover, a creative thinking curriculum infusion model as the recommended methods to improve learners’ creative thinking should be implemented to attain its empirical validation.
Two theorems on harmonic manifolds

A Riemannian manifold is called {\it harmonic}, if for any point $x$ it admits a nonconstant harmonic function depending only on the distance to $x$. A.Lichnerowicz conjectured that any harmonic manifold is two-point homogeneous. This conjecture is proved in dimension $n \le 4$ and also for some classes of manifolds, but disproved in general, with the first counterexample of dimension $7$. We prove the Lichnerowicz Conjecture in dimension $5$: a five-dimensional harmonic manifold has constant sectional curvature. We also obtain a functional equation for the volume density function $\T(r)$ of a harmonic manifold and show that $\T(r)$ is an exponential polynomial, a finite linear combination of the terms of the form $\Re (c e^{\la r} r^m)$, with $c, \la$ complex constants.
Consumption Risk-Sharing and the Real Exchange Rate: Why Does the Nominal Exchange Rate Make Such a Difference?

A basic prediction of effcient risk-sharing is that relative consumption growth rates across countries or regions should be positively related to real exchange rate growth rates across the same areas. We investigate this hypothesis, employing a newly constructed multi-country and multi-regional data set. Within countries, we find signifcant evidence for risk sharing: episodes of high relative regional consumption growth are associated with regional real exchange rate depreciation. Across countries however, the association is reversed: relative consumption and real exchange rates are negatively correlated. We identify this failure of risk sharing as a border effect. We find that the border effect is substantially (but not fully) accounted for by nominal exchange rate variability. We then ask whether standard open economy macro models can explain these features of the data. We argue that they cannot. To explain the role of the nominal exchange rate in deviations from cross country consumption risk sharing, it is necessary to combine multiple sources of shocks, ex-ante price setting, and incomplete financial markets.
Interaction Hypothesis: A Comprehensive Theory of SLA?

The role of interaction in second language acquisition has always been controversial. A bunch of theories have been proposed as to the role of “nature” or “nurture” in SLA. Interaction Hypothesis (IH) introduced by Long accepts the role of “nurture” in SLA claiming that negotiation of meaning through interaction can facilitate the process of language learning. In this review, the IH will be evaluated according to Jordan’s Guidelines for theory construction in SLA. The findings show that IH generally conforms to the Guidelines and, apart from some shortcomings, can be considered a progress toward constructing a comprehensive theory of SLA. Finally, Ellis’s Interactionist Theory, a combination of IH and socio-cultural theory, is suggested as an updated version of IH.
EFFECTS OF REARING SYSTEM AND BODY WEIGHT OF REDBRO BROILERS ON THE FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY OF FOOTPAD DERMATITIS

High market demand for high-quality chicken paws, as well as their role in the assessment of the welfare of broiler chickens are the main reasons for the research in this area. In order to determine the effects of rearing system and the body weight of moderate growing broilers on the frequency and severity of incidence of footpad dermatitis, experimental research was conducted on a total of 300 Redbro chickens reared in free range and floor system in the production facility until the age of 84 days. Based on an individual weighing of broilers and visual evaluation of the incidence and severity of footpad lesions at the end of the experiment, the frequency of the individual scores for footpad dermatitis was determined, as well as the average score in each of the five weight groups. The effect of body weight on the incidence and severity of footpad dermatitis was not statistically confirmed, but the absence of the most difficult forms of footpad dermatitis in broiler group with the lowest body weight was recorded. Rearing broiler chickens in free range system manifested a positive effect in terms of increased frequency of broilers without lesions and less frequency of moderate and severe lesions in relation to rearing system in the production facility. Also, the effect of rearing system on the frequency of the most severe degree of dermatitis in broilers Redbro was statistically confirmed. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR-31033]
Factors influencing perceived usefulness of wikis for group collaborative learning by first year students

This study reports the findings of an investigation of the factors influencing the use and usefulness of wikis in an introductory, undergraduate information systems course. Informed by the media choice, technology acceptance model from information systems research, and group collaborative learning research from the education literature, a survey instrument was developed and administered across the entire course. The study found that wiki use was influenced by the student's prior expertise with wikis, with their perceived usefulness of wikis being strongly influenced by their teachers' attitudes towards the technology, and the ease of access to the wikis. The students' overall attitude towards wikis was largely influenced by the extent to which they saw wikis as helping with their assignment work, and their intention to use wikis in the future was driven by their perception of wiki's usefulness. The paper concludes with an outline of the lessons learned from the study and recommendations for instructors who are thinking of using wikis in their teaching.
Sensitivity of PM 2.5 to climate in the Eastern US: a modeling case study

Abstract. The individual effects of various meteorological parameters on PM2.5 concentrations in the Eastern US are examined using the PMCAMx chemical transport model so that these effects and their relative magnitudes can be better understood. A suite of perturbations in temperature, wind speed, absolute humidity, mixing height, cloud cover, and precipitation are imposed individually on base case conditions corresponding to periods in July 2001 and January 2002 in order to determine the sensitivities of PM2.5 concentrations and composition to these separate meteorological parameters. Temperature had a major effect on average PM2.5 in January (−170 ng m−3 K−1) due largely to the evaporation of ammonium nitrate and organic aerosol at higher temperatures; increases in sulfate production with increased temperature counteracted much of this decrease in July. Changes in mixing height also had major effects on PM2.5 concentrations: 73 ng m−3 (100 m)−1 in January and 210 ng m−3 (100 m)−1 in July. Changes in wind speed (30 to 55 ng m−3 %−1) and absolute humidity (15 to 20 ng m−3 %−1) also had appreciable effects on average PM2.5 concentrations. Precipitation changes had large impacts on parts of the domain (a consequence of the base case meteorology), with sensitivities to changing area of precipitation in July up to 100 ng m−3 %−1. Perturbations in cloud cover had the smallest effects on average PM2.5 concentrations. The changes in PM2.5 concentrations resulting from changing all eight meteorological parameters simultaneously were approximately within 25% or so of the sum of the changes to the eight individual perturbations. The sensitivities of PM2.5 concentrations to changes in these meteorological parameters indicate that changes in climate could potentially have important impacts on PM2.5 concentrations.
EL GATO MONTÉS Felis silvestris SCHREBER, 1775

Resulta complicado situar taxonomicamente al gato montes de una formasencilla. Desde principios del siglo XX su posicion taxonomica ha ido cambian-do, y aunque actualmente se mantiene el debate acerca de la taxonomia del gru-po, quiza la clasificacion mas extendida pueda resumirse asi: el gato monteseuropeo pertenece al grupo
Relativistic Hydrodynamics in Heavy-Ion Collisions: General Aspects and Recent Developments

Relativistic hydrodynamics has been quite successful in explaining the collective behaviour of the QCD matter produced in high energy heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. We briefly review the latest developments in the hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Essential ingredients of the model such as the hydrodynamic evolution equations, dissipation, initial conditions, equation of state, and freeze-out process are reviewed. We discuss observable quantities such as particle spectra and anisotropic flow and effect of viscosity on these observables. Recent developments such as event-by-event fluctuations, flow in small systems (proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions), flow in ultracentral collisions, longitudinal fluctuations, and correlations and flow in intense magnetic field are also discussed.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) User-friendly websites in the eyes of young and old people

Do elderly people really navigate websites in a different way than younger people do? Or are the differences within this group (such as those due to gender, education, computer experience and cultural background) bigger then differences between younger and older people? This paper first discusses usability studies (mainly, in this case, eye-tracking studies) on the user-friendliness of websites, focusing on older people. A social semiotic framework is then presented for future empirical research into specific enablers and constraints related to the user-friendliness of websites as an information source for the very diverse group that constitutes the elderly population.
Investigating Trans-Vesical and Trans-Gastric intra-abdominal pressures for correlation with intra abdominal damages.

Purpose. Increasing intra abdominal pressure is a warning sign interpreted as an unusual intra peritoneal occurrence. Successive measurement of abdominal pressure during management of abdominal damages may help the surgeon better for prompt judgment. Method. A Prospective trial was performed on 50 cases of referral acute abdomens during one year. Intra abdominal Pressure was measured by trans vesical and simultaneously trans gastric methods on admission, pre and post operative for 6,12, 24, 48 hours respectively. The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation of intra abdominal pressures with intra peritoneal damages or post operative complications during management. Results. 40 males (80%) and 10 females (20%), 14-85 years old (mean40.9±21.8) were recruited. Overall, 46(92%) cases were discharged in whom 39(78%) were uneventful (33 laparotomies, 6 close observations). 11patients (22%) had complications. There was significant difference between pre and postoperative intra-abdominal pressures in two TV, TG methods respectively (P=0.008 and P=0.02) and between males and females in trans vesical method (P=0.009). Liver packing and evisceration were shown significant range of intra abdominal hypertension amongst the causes. Recorded pressure values between the two methods were similar. Conclusion. Successive intra abdominal pressure measurements were shown to be effective and were according to pre and postoperative intra abdominal damages, more predictive in females by trans vesical method at the time of admission. We conclude that periodic trans vesical measurement for equivocal abdomens, close abdominal observations and post-operative handling of traumatic and pathologic abdomens is mandatory.
The internationalization of professional service firms::Drivers, Forms and Outcomes

This chapter examines the internationalization of professional service firms (PSFs), outlining its drivers, varying forms and organizational implications. We argue that conventional internationalization theory does not apply straightforwardly to PSFs. We identify three key sources of PSF distinctiveness – governance, clients and knowledge – and show how these generate not only differences between PSFs and other types of organizations but also heterogeneity amongst PSFs themselves. Based on this, we identify four different forms of PSF internationalization – network, project, federal and transnational – and note that scholarly interest has mostly focused on the last two of these. We also highlight change towards the transnational model as an underlying theme in PSF research. We find little convincing evidence that this model has been successfully implemented and argue that, in general, PSFs are better understood as federal structures controlled by a few powerful offices than as transnational enterprises. We conclude with suggestions for future research.
Adding Phytogenic Material and/or Organic Acids to Broilar Diets: Effect on Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Net Profit

A growth experiment was conducted to study performance, nutrients digestibility and economic efficiency of broiler chicks fed corn-soybean meal diets supplemented with a commercial phytogenic product (Bedgen 40 ) contained artichoke extract (Cynara scolymus), a commercial mixture of ® organic acids (Galliacid ) and a combination of both. Starter, grower and finisher diets were ® supplemented with two levels of both being 0 and 150 g tG artichoke extract and 0 and 600 g tG 1 1 organic acids in 2×2 factorial arrangement. Dietary treatments were examined on 200 one day-old Cobb broiler chicks. The experiment lasted from 1-39 days of age. The results showed that supplementation of artichoke extract or organic acids mixture significantly (p<0.05) increased body weight gain by about 6% and improved feed conversion ratio by about 7%, compared with the control diet of no feed additives. Addition of artichoke extract improved the digestibility coefficients (p<0.01) of CP and CF, while, addition of organic acids mixture improved the digestibility coefficients (p<0.01) of DM, OM, CP, CF and NFE compared to the un-supplemented diet. Supplementation of artichoke extract and organic acids decreased total feed cost/kg body weight and improved net profit and economic efficiency. It could be concluded that using artichoke extract or organic acids mixture improved broiler performance and economic efficiency of broilers fed corn-soybean meal diets. No associative effect was detected on performance, digestibility or economic efficiency when a combination of both products was used.
Chapter 2 Microwave-Assisted Syntheses in Organic Chemistry

The second part focuses on the summary of typical organic chemical reactions selected, such as coupling reactions (C–C bond formation reactions, carbon–heteroatom bond formations), condensations (aldol-type-, Claisen-, Knoevenagel reaction), multicomponent reactions (Mannich-, Biginelli-, Hantzsch-, Bucherer–Bergs-, Strecker-, Gewald-, Kabachnik-Fields-, Kindler-, Passerini-, Ugiand domino reactions), cycloadditions (including Diels–Alder reactions). The authors tried to compile fashionable reactions that have been reviewed less in the past years.
Evaluation of Aluminium Alloy for Plasticity Applications

An evaluation of aluminium alloy for plasticity applications was undertaken to bridge the gap in appraising the impact of variation of alloying elements such as magnesium (Mg) and copper (Cu) on plasticity as a mechanical property of the aluminium alloy. To this end, twenty seven (27) samples of aluminium alloys were produced with constituents drawn from 6 % zinc (Zn), 2.5 % - 3.5 % magnesium (Mg), 1.8 % - 3.0 % copper (Cu), 0.03 % manganese (Mn), 0.23 % chromium (Cr) and aluminium (Al) as balance in all cases. 0.1 gram of sulphur (S), which the same as the quantity of iron (Fe) in chromium (Cr) and manganese (Mn), was added to oxidize (eradicate) iron (Fe). Samples were subjected to hardness test; to measure the ability of the alloy to resist plastic deformation and percentage elongation (% e) to unveil the mechanical properties of the alloy. Maximum Vickers hardness (Hv) of 130.7 was displayed by an alloy of 6 % zinc (Zn), 2.5 % magnesium (Mg), 1.8 % copper (Cu), 0.03 % manganese (Mn), 0.23 % chromium (Cr) and aluminium, quenched in water at 490°C and soaked for five (5) hours. The same alloy, non-heat treated, displayed a least Hv of 91.5. Hardness increased from 91.5 Hv in an alloy of 2.5 percentage weight of magnesium to 120.3 Hv in an alloy of 3.5 percentage weight of magnesium. Maximum percentage elongation (% e) of 130.00 was recorded by an alloy of 3.5 % Mg and 2.5 % Cu. A least percentage elongation of 12.00 % was established in an alloy of 3.5 % Mg and 3.0 % Cu. The experiment observed that with increase in percentage weight of magnesium from 2.5 % - 3.0 % - 3.5 %, there was variation from 25.67-18.67- 130.00 respectively in percentage elongation. The alloy with 3.5 % Mg, 1.8 % Cu was recommended for plasticity (% elongation) applications. Investigation of the impacts of other constituents on this alloy may be considered.
On the eigenvalue problem for the Hardy-Sobolev operator with indenite weights

In this paper we study the eigenvalue problem pu a(x)juj p 2 u = juj p 2 u; u2 W 1;p 0 () ; where 1 < p N, is a bounded domain containing 0 in R N , p is the p-Laplacean, and a(x) is a function related to Hardy-Sobolev inequality. The weight function V (x) 2 L s () may change sign and has nontrivial positive part. We study the simplicity, isolatedness of the rst eigenvalue, nodal domain properties. Furthermore we show the existence of a nontrivial curve in the Fu cik spectrum.
Flood monitoring of the Inner Niger Delta using high resolutions radar and optical imagery

This paper describes the monitoring of flooding in the Inner Niger Delta (Mali) from September 2008 to April 2010 using high resolution radar (C-band quad-polarization from Radarsat-2) and optical imagery (SPOT 4 and 5). Treatments, based on statistical parameters calculated using co-occurrence matrices, supervised classifications and three field surveys, were used to classify the images in three categories: open water, flooded vegetation and unflooded land. The overall accuracy evaluated by confusion matrices varies from 81% to 96%. The flooded areas, ranging from 3% to 65% of the surface studied, confirm the significant impact of annual flooding in the region. Radar images can identify soil properties even when remotely-sensed objects are characterized by dense, herbaceous vegetation and are also effective when cloud cover is thick.
SPECTRAL COLOR INDICES BASED GEOSPATIAL MODELING OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER IN CHITWAN DISTRICT, NEPAL

Abstract. Space Technology provides a resourceful-cost effective means to assess soil nutrients essential for soil management plan. Soil organic matter (SOM) is one of valuable controlling productivity of crops by providing nutrient in farming systems. Geospatial modeling of soil organic matter is essential if there is unavailability of soil test laboratories and its strong spatial correlation. In the present analysis, soil organic matter is modeled from satellite image derived spectral color indices. Brightness Index (BI), Coloration Index (CI), Hue Index (HI), Redness Index (RI) and Saturation Index (SI) were calculated by converting DN value to radiance and radiance to reflectance from Thematic Mapper image. Geospatial model was developed by regressing SOM with color indices and producing multiple regression model using stepwise regression technique. The multiple regression equation between SOM and spectral indices was significant with R = 0. 56 at 95% confidence level. The resulting MLR equation was then used for the spatial prediction for the entire study area. Redness Index was found higher significance in estimating the SOM. It was used to predict SOM as auxiliary variables using cokringing spatial interpolation technique. It was tested in seven VDCs of Chitwan district of Nepal using Thematic Mapper remotely sensed data. SOM was found to be measured ranging from 0.15% to 4.75 %, with a mean of 2.24 %. Remotely sensed data derived spectral color indices have the potential as useful auxiliary variables for estimating SOM content to generate soil fertility management plans.