Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Donde hay doctor?: Folk and cosmopolitan medicine for sexual health among Chilean women living in Australia

This paper discusses sexual health strategies among Chilean women living in Melbourne, Australia. Twenty in-depth qualitative interviews and a survey questionnaire were administered to 100 Chilean-born women. Findings illustrate the importance of 'authority' when it comes to 'socially risky' illnesses like sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Women stressed that western trained doctors are the only answer for STDs and the only way women can protect themselves from getting STDs is by visiting the doctor. The western trained doctor is seen to have the authority and legitimacy to treat the disease and heal the social relationships threatened by STDs. Chilean women continue to value the importance of alternative medicine within the array of health and medical seeking behaviours, although their use has shifted from the traditional Latin American folk healer to the Chinese doctor, herbalist and other alternative medical practitioners, including naturopaths. We conclude by arguing that while traditional medicines are still widely used by the Chilean migrant community, when it comes to 'socially risky' conditions such as STDs, western trained doctors, because of their conferred power, authority and social legitimacy, are key figures for prevention and treatment.
The Garden-Use Model

Abstract The Garden-Use Model is the result of a multi-case study involving five sites that was designed to develop a better understanding and holistic description of the interrelationship among organizational/ programming policies and spatial/physical attributes of the outdoor space in influencing how much this space was used by residents with dementia in long-term care facilities. The protocol replicated at each site involved an initial site analysis, distribution of staff questionnaires, and behavior observations for six days, including five weekdays and Saturday at every site but one. The results of the study discussed the alignment and findings based on descriptive analysis and collected data at each site regarding the following factors: organizational policy, staff attitudes, visual access, physical access and garden design. This paper summarizes the results of the study related to the above factors and use of available outdoor space. The ultimate focus and conclusion of the paper addresses findings and recommendations for designers, healthcare administrators and others interested in achieving optimal use of the outdoor space among residents with dementia in long-term care facilities. The theoretical framework diagrammed in the “Garden-Use Model” is based on data collected and rich description at each of the five sites that made up the study. This model is presented and serves as the structural basis from which discussion of the factors influencing use of outdoor space ensues. The Garden-use Model also serves in the paper as a tool for facilities that seek to increase garden use among residents and to offer a means for evaluation such facilities.
Clinico-Hematological Evaluation of 13 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients in the Central Anatolia Region in Turkey

ABS TRACT Ob jec ti ve: In this study, the cli ni co-he ma to lo gi cal fe a tu res, the tre at ment mo da li ti es, and the sur vi vals of 130 pa ti ents with chro nic lymphocy tic le u ke mi a (CLL) we re eva lu a ted. Material and Met hods: The me di cal re cords of 130 pa ti ents di ag no sed with CLL in Es ki şe hir Osman ga zi Uni ver sity Me di cal Fa culty, De part ment of In ter nal Me di ci ne, Di vi si on of He ma to logy bet we en 1987 to 2006 we re ret ros pec ti vely eva lu a ted. Re sults: Eighty fi ve of 130 ca ses (65%) we re men and 45 (35%) we re wo men (ma le/fe ma le ra ti o, 1.9). The me an age at the ti me of di ag no sis was 64 ± 0.8 years (ran ge 43-84). Cer vi cal lymph no de en lar ge ment was the most com mon fin ding. Forty one per cent of pa ti ents had in ters ti ti al bo ne mar row in vol ve ment. Flow cyto met ric analy sis re ve a led kap pa po si ti ve CLL in 85/130. Du ring the fol low-up pe ri od, Rich ter’s syndro me de ve lo ped in 2 (2%) ca ses. Six te en pa ti ents we re tre at ment naïve for CLL. A res pon se to tre at ment (comp le te or par ti al) was ob ta i ned in 58% of pa ti ents af ter ini ti al the rapy. Ove rall sur vi val was 89.7 months in Bi net sta ge A, 77.9 months in sta ge B and 63.7 months in sta ge C (p> 0.05). Forty-one (53%) pa ti ents di ed du ring the fol low up. Most of the CLL-re la ted de aths we re du e to in fec ti ons (38%) and most of the CLL-un re la ted de aths we re se con dary to car di o vas cu lar ca u ses (30%). Conc lu si on: The de mog rap hic fe a tu res of our CLL pa ti ents we re not diffe rent from tho se in ot her co un tri es. Ane mi a, throm bocy to pe ni a, ele va ted whi te blo od cell co unt, ele va ted lymphocy te co unt and ele va ted bo ne mar row lymphocy te in fil tra ti on we re ne ga ti ve prog nos tic fac tors sin ce the se pa ra me ters we re sig ni fi cantly com mon in our la te-sta ge pa ti ents.
A double-blind randomized controlled trial of olanzapine plus sertraline vs olanzapine plus placebo for psychotic depression: the study of pharmacotherapy of psychotic depression (STOP-PD).

CONTEXT Evidence for the efficacy of combination pharmacotherapy has been limited and without positive trials in geriatric patients with major depression (MD) with psychotic features. OBJECTIVES To compare remission rates of MD with psychotic features in those treated with a combination of atypical antipsychotic medication plus a serotonin reuptake inhibitor with those treated with antipsychotic monotherapy; and to compare response by age. DESIGN Twelve-week, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. SETTING Clinical services of 4 academic sites. Patients Two hundred fifty-nine subjects with MD with psychotic features randomized by age (<60 or > or =60 years) (mean [standard deviation (SD)], 41.3 [10.8] years in 117 younger adults vs 71.7 [7.8] years in 142 geriatric participants). Intervention Target doses of 15 to 20 mg of olanzapine per day plus masked sertraline or placebo at 150 to 200 mg per day. Main Outcome Measure Remission rates of MD with psychotic features. RESULTS Treatment with olanzapine/sertraline was associated with higher remission rates during the trial than olanzapine/placebo (odds ratio [OR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.47; P < .001); 41.9% of subjects who underwent combination therapy were in remission at their last assessment compared with 23.9% of subjects treated with monotherapy (chi(2)(1) = 9.53, P = . 002). Combination therapy was comparably superior in both younger (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.05-1.50; P = .02) and older (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.09-1.66; P = .01) adults. Overall, tolerability was comparable across age groups. Both age groups had significant increases in cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, but statistically significant increases in glucose occurred only in younger adults. Younger adults gained significantly more weight than older subjects (mean [SD], 6.5 [6.6] kg vs 3.3 [4.9] kg, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS Combination pharmacotherapy is efficacious for the treatment of MD with psychotic features. Future research must determine the benefits vs risks of continuing atypical antipsychotic medications beyond 12 weeks. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00056472.
The Tipping Point of Perceived Change: Asymmetric Thresholds in Diagnosing Improvement Versus Decline

Change often emerges from a series of small doses. For example, a person may conclude that a happy relationship has eroded not from 1 obvious fight but from smaller unhappy signs that at some point “add up. ” Everyday fluctuations therefore create ambiguity about when they reflect substantive shifts versus mere noise. Ten studies reveal an asymmetry in this first point when people conclude “official” change: people demand less evidence to diagnose lasting decline than lasting improvement, despite similar evidential quality. This effect was pervasive and replicated across many domains and parameters. For example, a handful of poor grades, bad games, and gained pounds led participants to diagnose intellect, athleticism, and health as “officially” changed; yet corresponding positive signs were dismissed as fickle flukes (Studies 1a, 1b, and 1c). This further manifested in real-time reactions: participants interpreted the same graphs of change in the economy and public health as more meaningful if framed as depicting decline versus improvement (Study 2), and were more likely to gamble actual money on continued bad versus good luck (Study 3). Why? Effects held across self/other change, added/subtracted change, and intended/unintended change (Studies 4a, 4b, and 4c), suggesting a generalized negativity bias. Teasing this apart, we highlight a novel “entropy” component beyond standard accounts like risk aversion: good things seem more truly capable of losing their positive qualities than bad things seem capable of gaining them, rendering signs of decline to appear more immediately diagnostic (Studies 5 and 6). An asymmetric tipping point raises theoretical and practical implications for how people might inequitably react to smaller signs of change.
Regional brain volume in depression and anxiety disorders.

CONTEXT Major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder are among the most prevalent and frequently co-occurring psychiatric disorders in adults and may have, at least in part, a common etiology. OBJECTIVE To identify the unique and shared neuroanatomical profile of depression and anxiety, controlling for illness severity, medication use, sex, age of onset, and recurrence. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. PARTICIPANTS Outpatients with MDD (n = 68), comorbid MDD and anxiety (n = 88), panic disorder, and/or social anxiety disorder without comorbid MDD (n = 68) and healthy controls (n = 65). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Volumetric magnetic resonance imaging was conducted for voxel-based morphometry analyses. We tested voxelwise for the effects of diagnosis, age at onset, and recurrence on gray matter density. Post hoc, we studied the effects of use of medication, illness severity, and sex. RESULTS We demonstrated lower gray matter volumes of the rostral anterior cingulate gyrus extending into the dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus in MDD, comorbid MDD and anxiety, and anxiety disorders without comorbid MDD, independent of illness severity, sex, and medication use. Furthermore, we demonstrated reduced right lateral inferior frontal volumes in MDD and reduced left middle/superior temporal volume in anxiety disorders without comorbid MDD. Also, patients with onset of depression before 18 years of age showed lower volumes of the subgenual prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that reduced volume of the rostral-dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus is a generic effect in depression and anxiety disorders, independent of illness severity, medication use, and sex. This generic effect supports the notion of a shared etiology and may reflect a common symptom dimension related to altered emotion processing. Specific involvement of the inferior frontal cortex in MDD and lateral temporal cortex in anxiety disorders without comorbid MDD, on the other hand, may reflect disorder-specific symptom clusters. Early onset of depression is associated with a distinct neuroanatomical profile that may represent a vulnerability marker of depressive disorder.
Eosinophilic Ulcer of the Tongue: A case report with immunohistochemical study.

A case of eosinophilic ulcer (EU) of the oral mucosa is described. The patient was a 73-year-old woman who had suffered indurated ulcer on the tongue of two months' duration. After biopsy, the ulcer completely healed without treatment. The lesion is interpreted as a mixed infiltrate of large mononuclear histiocytes with slight atypia, eosinophils and lymphocytes. The histiocytic component was nonreactive for the ordinary macrophage markers except for CD 68. The majority of lymphocytes were positive for CD 45 RO. In addition, vimentin (+), α-smooth muscle actin (+) and desmin (-) myofibroblasts were scattered throughout. The importance of EU is that it simulates malignancy and can lead to overtreatment for what is a florid but reactive process.
Ten Years of JMP

This issue of the Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain [JMP] completes 10 years of continuous scholarly publication. To the extent that such a production can be capsulated into categories, Table 1 provides a brief summary of the kinds of offerings that have been provided to the readers in 10 volumes of JMP. In that period of time, there have been 40 issues, 52 Editorials, 332 Original Scientific Manuscripts, 37 contributions to the Research Ideas section, 729 focused Literature Reviews with expert commentary, 90 Book Reviews, and 35 Letters to the Editor. Of the 332 Original Scientific Manuscripts, 174 pertained to the topic of fibromyalgia syndrome [FMS], while 71 dealt with the topic of myofascial pain syndrome [MPS], and 102 were about other soft tissue pain [STP] conditions. When the sum of articles on FMS, MPS, and STP exceeded the total number of manuscripts, it is because some focused on two or more of these categories. The research ideas offerings have included 20 contributions that pertained to the topic of FMS, while nine dealt with MPS, and eight related to other STP conditions. The Lit-
Higher-order genetic and environmental structure of prevalent forms of child and adolescent psychopathology.

CONTEXT It is necessary to understand the etiologic structure of child and adolescent psychopathology to advance theory and guide future research. OBJECTIVE To test alternative models of the higher-order structure of etiologic effects on 11 dimensions of child and adolescent psychopathology using confirmatory factor analyses of genetic and environmental covariances. DESIGN Representative sample of twins. SETTING Home interviews. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1571 pairs of 9- to 17-year-old twins. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Structured assessments of psychopathology using adult caregivers and youth as informants. RESULTS The best-fitting genetic model revealed that most genetic factors nonspecifically influence risk for either all 11 symptom dimensions or for dimensions of psychopathology within 1 of 2 broad domains. With some notable exceptions, dimension-specific genetic influences accounted for modest amounts of variance. CONCLUSIONS To inform theory and guide molecular genetic studies, an etiologic model is offered in which 3 patterns of pleiotropy are hypothesized to be the principal modes of genetic risk transmission for common forms of child and adolescent psychopathology. Some common environmental influences were found, but consistent with a "generalist genes, specialist environments" model, there was little sharing of environmental influences. This implies that prevalent dimensions of child and adolescent psychopathology mostly share their genetic liabilities but are differentiated by nonshared experiences.
Suggestion of roles for both common and rare risk variants in genome-wide studies of schizophrenia.

This article reviews recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of schizophrenia and considers future research directions. Until recently, genome-wide scans for disease risk variants were based on linkage analysis, an approach that can detect only those alleles that confer relatively large effects. The main alternative was the candidate gene association study, which, although better powered than linkage for weak genetic effects, is problematic for phenotypes where pathogenesis is largely unknown. However, systematic searches across the genome for risk alleles of small effect are now possible thanks to the development of array platforms allowing hundreds of thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to be assayed, the genotypes of which are strongly correlated though linkage disequilibrium with a high proportion of the 10 million or so common SNPs in the human genome. Such GWAS have identified hundreds of genetic loci at which common variation confers susceptibility to many diseases and other polygenic traits, 1,2 and this will increase as more phenotypes and larger samples are studied.
PERSONALITY PROCESSES AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES Wherever I May Roam : Processes of Self-Esteem Development From Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood in the Context of International Student Exchange

Previous studies on self-esteem development show substantial changes as well as interindividual differences in change from adolescence to young adulthood. However, the processes underlying these developmental trajectories are still not well understood. The aim of the present study was to shed light on the macroand microprocesses of self-esteem development. We investigated a sample of 876 German high school students (M 16.0 years at Time 1) participating in an international exchange year. Exchange students provided 3 waves of trait self-esteem data (shortly before they departed, immediately after return, and 1 year later), as well as 9 monthly state measures of self-esteem and social inclusion during their stay abroad. In addition, a control group of high school students who stayed in Germany (N 714) provided 2 waves of trait self-esteem data. From a macroperspective, results showed an effect of student exchange on trait self-esteem development: Exchange students showed a steeper mean-level increase and a lower rank-order stability compared with control students. Zooming in on the microprocesses underlying these developmental patterns, we found trait changes in exchange students to be mediated by state changes in self-esteem during their exchange. These fluctuations in state self-esteem were found to be predicted by feelings of social inclusion in the host country, and vice versa, providing support for both sociometer and self-broadcasting perspectives on self-esteem dynamics. In sum, our findings emphasize the importance of incorporating a microanalytical approach when investigating self-esteem development by showing that the environment triggers changes in this relatively stable personality trait through changes in states.
Trusted Validation for Geolocation of Cloud Data

It is certain that cloud users are eager to ascertain where their sensitive data are stored. Misplacing the data probably divulges secret information. Therefore, researchers have designed mechanisms of geolocation of cloud data to allow cloud users to get geolocation of cloud data. However, to seek an approach to seeing through frauds is still a challenge. Trusted computing technology offers an alternative. The current study endeavors to construct the method through combining the technology with established geolocation techniques of Internet hosts thoroughly. Our work is complementary to Gondree and Peterson’s recent contributions in which a constraint-based cloud data geolocation solution is present. The current scheme offers a strong validation of geolocation of cloud data, and can see through deceits. In the scheme, we leverage an un-clonable and tamperproof device, Trusted Platform Module, which guarantees that cloud users can collect authentic geolocation evidences. We evaluate the original idea using a wide range of experiments. Results demonstrate that the scheme is feasible, and has a satisfactory performance in the city-level accuracy.
Reduced GABA concentration in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

CONTEXT Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder characterized by a deficit in behavioral inhibition. Recent evidence also suggests a deficit in cortical inhibition via the GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid)-ergic system. OBJECTIVE To investigate the GABAergic component of ADHD using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Participants were recruited through local schools, local pediatric and other community clinics, and through advertisement in regional publications. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed within the research institute. PARTICIPANTS Children (age range, 8-12 years) in a typically developing control group vs a group with ADHD were compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES J-difference-edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 T was used to measure GABA concentration in a volume that included primary somatosensory and motor cortices. RESULTS GABA concentration is reduced in children with ADHD compared with typically developing control subjects. CONCLUSION Our finding of reduced GABA concentration in ADHD is concordant with recently reported deficits in short intracortical inhibition in ADHD and suggests a GABAergic deficit in ADHD.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Induces Mechanical Allodynia after Spinal Nerve Ligation by Activation of p38 MAPK in Primary Sensory Neurons

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) is implicated in the initiation of neuropathic pain. In vitro, TNF activates p38 mitogen-activated kinase. Accordingly, we investigated whether TNF activates the p38 cascade in vivo to trigger pain behavior after spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Treatment starting 2 d before SNL with the TNF antagonist etanercept (1 mg, i.p., every third day) attenuated mechanical allodynia. Treatment starting 1 or 7 d after SNL was ineffective. Similarly, intrathecal infusion of a p38 inhibitor (SB203580, 4 mg/d) was effective only if it was started before but not 7 d after SNL. For both treatments, the cessation of therapy resulted in increased allodynia. In separate experiments using Western blots and immunohistochemistry, ipsilateral lumbar spinal cord and L5 and L6 DRG were analyzed for total and phosphorylated p38 after SNL alone or SNL combined with etanercept pretreatment. In DRG, activated p38 was transiently elevated 5 hr after SNL and returned to baseline by 1 d after SNL. Phosphorylated p38 was localized in small TNF-positive DRG neurons. In spinal cord, p38 was activated between 5 hr and 3 d after SNL and returned to baseline within 5 d. In DRG, but not spinal cord, etanercept pretreatment blocked p38 activation. These data indicate that after SNL treatment, phosphorylated p38 levels in spinal cord and DRG are transiently elevated. In DRG, p38 activation is blocked by systemic TNF inhibition. Parallel inhibition of p38 activation and allodynia may represent a clinically relevant therapeutic window. These data suggest a sequential role for TNF and p38 in the induction of neuropathic pain.