Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relevance behaviour in TREC

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how various types of TREC data can be used to better understand relevance and serve as test-bed for exploring relevance. The author proposes that there are many interesting studies that can be performed on the TREC data collections that are not directly related to evaluating systems but to learning more about human judgements of information and relevance and that these studies can provide useful research questions for other types of investigation. Design/methodology/approach – Through several case studies the author shows how existing data from TREC can be used to learn more about the factors that may affect relevance judgements and interactive search decisions and answer new research questions for exploring relevance. Findings – The paper uncovers factors, such as familiarity, interest and strictness of relevance criteria, that affect the nature of relevance assessments within TREC, contrasting these against findings from user studies of relevance. Resear.
Flow cytometric quantitation of immunofluorescence intensity: problems and perspectives. European Working Group on Clinical Cell Analysis.

Quantitation of immunofluorescence intensity serves to estimate the number of defined molecules expressed on or in cells. Clinical applications of this diagnostic tool are increasing, e.g., aberrant expression of various antigens (Ag) by leukemic blasts or lymphoma cells, intensity of CD38 expression by CD8+ T-lymphocytes to monitor activation status, and intensity of CD62P to detect platelet activation. In this report we discuss the quality-control measures required for quantitation of fluorescence intensity, and we review seven concepts that have been developed to quantify fluorescence intensity during the past 15 years. Initial work addressed the conversion of logarithmic channel numbers into units of relative fluorescence. The design and use of calibration beads labeled with predefined amounts of dye allowed instrument-independent expression of fluorescence intensity in units of molecules of equivalent soluble fluorochrome (MESF). This method was refined by the combined use of such standards with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) conjugated 1:1 with phycoerythrin (PE), allowing translation of fluorescence intensity into numbers of antibodies bound per cell. Alternatively, the use of 1:1 PE-conjugated mAb under the assumption that CD4+ lymphocytes reproducibly bind 50,000 CD4 mAb molecules was proposed to convert units of relative fluorescence intensity into units of antibodies bound per cell. The use of antibody-binding capacity as a surrogate marker for quantification of Ag expression was addressed more directly by the development of antibody-binding standards. The quantitative indirect immunofluorescence assay is based on beads labeled with various amounts of CD5 mAb that calibrate the binding of the secondary antibody in units of antibody-binding capacity. Alternatively, goat anti-mouse-labeled calibration beads have been developed. Published results obtained with the latter calibrators showed an unexpected inaccuracy. The different ways in which calibrators and cells under study bind mAb (i.e., Fab mediated versus Fc mediated) may have contributed to this variation. Recently, the use of stabilized cell populations expressing Ag in a specified range of concentrations has been proposed as an Ag-specific calibration system of mAb binding. We identify several issues on the level of instrumentation, reagents, and cells under study that should be solved to allow standardization of quantitative assessments of immunofluorescence intensity.
Evolutionary Awareness

In this article, we advance the concept of “evolutionary awareness,” a metacognitive framework that examines human thought and emotion from a naturalistic, evolutionary perspective. We begin by discussing the evolution and current functioning of the moral foundations on which our framework rests. Next, we discuss the possible applications of such an evolutionarily-informed ethical framework to several domains of human behavior, namely: sexual maturation, mate attraction, intrasexual competition, culture, and the separation between various academic disciplines. Finally, we discuss ways in which an evolutionary awareness can inform our cross-generational activities—which we refer to as “intergenerational extended phenotypes”—by helping us to construct a better future for ourselves, for other sentient beings, and for our environment.
Histomorphometric and μCT Analysis of Bone Biopsies From Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Women Treated With Strontium Ranelate

Strontium ranelate is a new anti‐osteoporotic treatment. On bone biopsies collected from humans receiving long‐term treatment over 5 yr, it has been shown that strontium ranelate has good bone safety and better results than placebo on 3D microarchitecture. Hence, these effects may explain the decreased fracture rate.
NADPH-Dependent Thioredoxin Reductase and a New Thioredoxin from Wheat

Abstract An album in fraction extracted from wheat flour contains thioredoxin reductase (Mr = 65,000) and a heat-stable thioredoxin (Mr = 15,000) which are separated on DEAE cellulose and further purified by gel filtration. W heat thioredoxin stimulates E. coli ribonucleotide reductase but not chloroplast fructose-bis-phosphatase. The enzyme is NADPH -dependent (Km = 3.2 X 10-6 ᴍ) . In presence of the thioredoxin it slowly reduces other proteins like insulin or ribonuclease. Therefore it is most likely identical with a protein disulfide reductase (of unknown specificity) previously described in wheat. This new thioredoxin system is a counterpart of the ferredoxin-dependent system found in photosynthetic plant cells, suggesting different, specific mechanisms for regeneration of reduced thioredoxins in germinating seeds and green plants.
Lessons Learned From Implementing an Incident Command System During a Local Multiagency Response to a Legionnaires’ Disease Cluster in Sydney, NSW

Abstract The incident command system (ICS) provides a common structure to control and coordinate an emergency response, regardless of scale or predicted impact. The lessons learned from the application of an ICS for large infectious disease outbreaks are documented. However, there is scant evidence on the application of an ICS to manage a local multiagency response to a disease cluster with environmental health risks. The Sydney Local Health District Public Health Unit (PHU) in New South Wales, Australia, was notified of 5 cases of Legionnaires’ disease during 2 weeks in May 2016. This unusual incident triggered a multiagency investigation involving an ICS with staff from the PHU, 3 local councils, and the state health department to help prevent any further public health risk. The early and judicious use of ICS enabled a timely and effective response by supporting clear communication lines between the incident controller and field staff. The field team was key in preventing any ongoing public health risk through inspection, sampling, testing, and management of water systems identified to be at-risk for transmission of legionella. Good working relationships between partner agencies and trust in the technical proficiency of environmental health staff aided in the effective management of the response. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:539–542)
Dynamics of dianalytic transformations of Klein surfaces

This paper is an introduction to dynamics of dianalytic self-maps of nonorientable Klein surfaces. The main theorem asserts that dianalytic dynamics on Klein surfaces can be canonically reduced to dynamics of some classes of analytic self-maps on their orientable double covers. A complete list of those maps is given in the case where the respective Klein surfaces are the real projective plane, the pointed real projective plane and the Klein bottle.
Basic region of residues 228–231 of protein kinase CK1α is involved in its interaction with axin: Binding to axin does not affect the kinase activity

Protein kinase CK1, also known as casein kinase 1, participates in the phosphorylation of β‐catenin, which regulates the functioning of the Wnt signaling cascade involved in embryogenesis and carcinogenesis. β‐catenin phosphorylation occurs in a multiprotein complex assembled on the scaffold protein axin. The interaction of CK1α from Danio rerio with mouse‐axin has been studied using a pull‐down assay that uses fragments of axin fused to glutathione S transferase, which is bound to glutathione sepharose beads. The results indicate that the three lysines present in the basic region of residues 228–231 of CK1α are necessary for the binding of CK1 to axin. Lysine 231 is particularly important in this interaction. In order to define the relevance of the axin‐CK1α interaction, the effect of the presence of axin on the phosphorylating activity of CK1α was tested. It is also evident that the region of axin downstream of residues 503–562 is required for CK1α interaction. The binding of CK1α to axin fragment 292–681 does not facilitate the phosphorylation of β‐catenin despite the fact that this axin fragment can also bind β‐catenin. Binding of CK1α to axin is not required for the phosphorylation of axin itself and, likewise, axin does not affect the kinetic parameters of the CK1α towards casein or a specific peptide substrate. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The relationship between oxidative stress, smoking and the clinical severity of psoriasis

Background Recent studies suggested that increased oxidant products and decreased antioxidant system functions may be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. In this study, we investigated total oxidative status, Paraoxonase (PON)1/arylesterase enzyme activities and severity of the disease in smoker and non‐smoker psoriatic patients.
Channel grouping architecture for multi-channel networks

A multi-channel network that uses a separate channel for control packets exchange in order to coordinate the data communication, is studied in this paper. We assume that the parallel data channels are divided into two groups, while an one to one correspondence among the data channels of the two groups is considered. This assumption is exploited by the proposed asynchronous transmission MAC protocol in order to decrease the channels collisions probability. An analytical model based on Poisson statistics is developed for the performance measures evaluation. The average throughput and the average transmission cancellation probability in order to avoid a channel collision are studied for several numbers of data channels.
Insertions and functions of certain flexor muscles in the hind leg of rodents

This survey includes 58 genera of rodents from 26 families. The medial tarsal bone is probably unique to the order. Its presence, nature, and constant relationship with M. tibialis posterior are discussed. This muscle inverts and supinates the pes at the astragulo‐navicular joint and moves the ankle.
Evaluation of Fluorescence Polarization Assays for Measuring Valproic Acid, Phenytoin, Carbamazepine and Phenobarbital in Serum

The authors evaluated the fluorescence polarization (FP) assay on the COBAS INTEGRA 700 using COBAS INTEGRA reagent system cassettes for estimating the antiepileptic drugs valproic acid, phenytoin, carbamazepine, and phenobarbital in serum. The study comprised the determination of precision, method comparison performed against a conventional HPLC assay and linearity studies, according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) protocols. Precision results were well acceptable for all FP assays. Intra-assay coefficients of variation (CVs) were from 1.3% to 2.4% for valproic acid, from 0.8% to 2.8% for phenytoin, from 1.7% to 3.3% for carbamazepine, and from 1.3% to 2.3% for phenobarbital. Interassay CVs for these drugs ranged from 1.5% to 2.6%, from 2.9% to 6.5%, from 1.8% to 3.7% and from 1.5% to 3.2%, respectively. Results of the FP assays showed excellent correlation with those from HPLC:r = 0.99 for valproic acid, r = 0.98 for phenytoin, r = 0.98 for carbamazepine and r = 0.99 for phenobarbital. Linearity was satisfactory, with all CVs below the acceptable level. With the COBAS INTEGRA 700 analyzer FP assays are fully automated, which is less laborious and saves time compared with HPLC. Moreover, the fast measuring procedure is convenient in short turnaround time (STAT) analysis. It is an analytically reliable and rapid system, which can be used successfully for the therapeutic monitoring of antiepileptic drugs in serum.
Creating and Disseminating Knowledge Among Organizational Scholars: The Role of Special Issues

Special issues of scholarly journals have become more common during the last decade of management research. We review this trend and assess the effectiveness of special issues for knowledge dissemination. Methods include interviews with journal editors, compiling data on time to publication and on impact and quality of special issues for five mainstream management journals, and a case study chronicling the creation of the Organization Science special issue on "Knowledge, Knowing, and Organizations. " The findings show that journal special issue articles appear to be published more quickly than regular issue articles (time to publication), and for three of the five journals there is a significant difference in impact (measured as citation counts per article) when special and regular issue articles are compared. Further, we find evidence of greater variation in the quality of special issue articles compared to regular issue articles, although this reflects special issues publishing exceptional articles rather than the inclusion of substandard ones. The case analysis suggests that a series of preconferences on a common topic prior to a special issue did not appear to impact the type of papers submitted to or published in the special issue. We discuss the role of special issues and preconferences in knowledge development in organization science.
A Randomized, Prospective, Multisite Comparison of Pediatric Prehospital Training Methods

Objective: Results of prehospital pediatric continuing education using train-the-trainer and CD-ROM training methods were compared to each other and to a control group. The null hypothesis was that no differences would be found in pretraining and posttraining measurements of knowledge and performance by either training method. Methods: This was a prospective trial involving 12 sites. Random selections were made from ambulance service lists provided by 3-state emergency medical services (EMS) agencies. Preintervention and postintervention (12-month) measurements included a written examination and 2 performance scenarios videotaped for independent panel evaluation. Training was either an interactive CD-ROM or standard classroom instruction using a train-the-trainer model. Mean differences in written, performance, and combined scores were analyzed. Results: Differences were noted in the combined and performance scores for the CD-ROM intervention group. No differences were noted in written measurements between or among the groups. Conclusion: In this small sample, interactive CD-ROM training shows promise for improving performance. The research design, with additional guards against sample size attrition, may provide a model for multisite EMS education research.
Healthy eating among 10 – 13-year-old New Zealand children: Understanding choice using the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the role of parental influence

Abstract This study examined the roles of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and parental influence in predicting healthy eating intentions and behaviour among 10 – 13-year-old New Zealand children. Two hundred and sixty-one children completed questionnaires designed to measure the components of the TPB. In addition, their parents or caregivers completed a questionnaire examining their child-feeding practices. Subjective norm, behavioural belief, attitude and perceived behavioural control significantly predicted intentions, which, in turn, predicted self-reported dietary behaviour. Parental influence did not increase the model's explanatory power. Results support the application of the TPB to the prediction of food choice-related intention and behaviour among children; however, the role of parental influence requires further examination.
Intrathecal Administration of a Cylcooxygenase-1, but Not a Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor, Reverses the Effects of Laparotomy on Exploratory Activity in Rats

Studies of hypersensitivity to mechanical stimuli after incisional surgery suggest that cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, but not COX-2, in the spinal cord participates in postoperative pain. In the current study, we sought to determine the role of COX isoenzymes after laparotomy, examining spontaneous exploratory behavior rather than withdrawal reflexes. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent subcostal laparotomy surgery under isoflurane anesthesia or received anesthesia without surgery. Exploratory locomotor activity was measured on the first postoperative day after intrathecal injection of dimethyl sulfoxide (vehicle) or COX-1 (SC-560) or COX-2 (NS-398) inhibitors. Laparotomy reduced ambulation, rearing, and rapid small movements (stereotypy) similarly in animals without intrathecal catheters and those receiving intrathecal vehicle control. SC-560 produced a dose-related return to normal exploratory behavior with complete return at doses of 20 &mgr;g and larger. In contrast, NS-398 in doses up to 50 &mgr;g failed to increase exploratory behavior. These data with exploratory behavior and laparotomy agree with studies with reflexive withdrawal responses after incisional surgery and indicate that COX-1 inhibition reduces pain responses after surgery. Spinal COX-1 inhibition completely restores exploratory activity, including rearing behavior that stretches the abdominal muscles. These data suggest that targeting COX-1 in the spinal cord may produce postoperative analgesia.
Relationships between thyroid hormones, serum lipid profile and erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes in clinically healthy camel (Camelus dromedarius)

SUMMARY This study was carried out to investigate the relationships between thyroid hormones, serum lipid profile and erythrocyte antioxidant (glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) enzymes in clinically healthy camels. Thirty male Iranian dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius), 2-3 year old, were bled during 6 consecutive days in summer. Serum lipid profile (concentrations of total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol and lipoproteins), total and free T3 and T4 concentrations were measured as well as erythrocyte GPx and SOD activities. None of these biochemical markers exhibited significant variations according to time. Furthermore, total lipidemia, total and free T 3 concentrations, free T 4 concentrations and erythrocyte GPx and SOD activities remained relatively constant for a given animal throughout the experimental period (coefficients of intra-individual variations < 20%) whereas concentrations of total cholesterol and cholesterol associated to LDL exhibited a great intra-individual value dispersion (30.43% and 50% respectively). Some significant correlations were found between serum concentrations of thyroid hormones and lipid profiles (Total and free T3 and T4 concentrations correlated with concentrations of triglycerides or of VLDL, free fractions with cholesterolemia and total T 3 and T 4 concentrations with lipidemia) and between SOD activity and concentrations of total lipid, cholesterol, triglycerides and VLDL, and only with fT 4 whereas GPx activity was significantly associated with LDL and total T3 and T4 concentrations. These results confirm that thyroid function is involved not only in regulation of the lipid metabolism but also in antioxidant defences at least indirectly in dromedary camels.
THE FINNO-UGRIC INFLUENCE ON THE LATVIAN PLACE NAMES: THE HISTORY OF THE RESEARCH AND CURRENT CHALLENGES

На территории современной Латвии в исторически обозримом прошлом наряду с латышским этносом и предшествовавшими ему балтийскими племенами всегда проживали носители и финно-угорских языков - видземские и курземские ливы. Поэтому неудивительно, что топонимы финно-угорского происхождения представлены в латвийской топонимии относительно многочисленным слоем и привлекали внимание исследователей, начиная с первых шагов научной топонимики. Первопроходцем латвийской научной топонимики можно считать известного прибалтийско-немецкого языковеда Августа Биленштейна, который в ходе этнолингвистического анализа латвийской топонимии XIII в. предложил и ряд этимологий топонимов финно-угорского происхождения. Эстонский православный теолог Юрий (Георгий) Трусман в 1897 г. опубликовал словарь «Этимология местных названий Витебской губернии», в котором среди большинства ненаучных толкований можно найти некоторые верные этимологии топонимов финно-угорского происхождения, локализованных в восточной Латвии. Классик литовского языкознания Казимерас Буга этимологизировал немалое количество финно-угорских по происхождению топонимов Латвии в ряде своих публикаций нач. 20-х гг. ХХ в. В 1939 г. Валентин Кипарски в Хельсинки опубликовал монографию Die Kurenfrage, посвященную детальному анализу эвентуального наследия куршского языка, в том числе и топонимов Курземе (западной Латвии), среди которых немало названий ливского происхождения. Крупнейшей публикацией латвийских топонимов явились 6 томов пока еще не завершенного словаря латвийских топонимов (1956-2013, A-R), в котором можно найти сведения, включая и этимологические, о большом количестве топонимов финно-угорского происхождения. Наиболее развернутые исследования латвийской гидронимии финно-угорского происхождения принадлежат Марте Рудзите и Антону Брейдаксу. Несмотря на проделанную работу, еще немало латвийских топонимов предположительно финно-угорского происхождения (например гидронимы с корнем Sav- ) нуждаются в углубленном анализе: они могут быть сопоставлены c древнеевропейской гидронимией (ср. Sava в Хорватии и Сербии), однако некоторые названия в северной Латвии ( Savīte , Saviena ) этимологически восходят, скорее всего, к финно-угорскому (эстонскому? ) апеллятиву savi ‘глина’. Корпус латвийских топонимов финно-угорского происхождения может и должен быть еще дополнен в результате исследования топонимического материала, извлеченного из хранящихся в архивах средневековых документов и географических карт. Специфическую проблему для исследования финноугризмов представляют собой деантропонимические названия хуторов, образованные от фамилий финно-угорского происхождения; для классификации таких названий определенную роль играет этническая принадлежность носителей соответствующей фамилии. Статья представлена на Международной научной конференции «Uralo-indogermanica», посвященной лингвисту Р. -П. Риттеру (1938-2011). (16-17 октября 2014 г., Нарвский колледж, филиал Тартуского ун-та.)