Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bethe-ansatz wave function, momentum distribution, and spin correlation in the one-dimensional strongly correlated Hubbard model.

The momentum distribution function n(k) and spin-correlation function S(k) are determined for the one-dimensional large-U Hubbard model with various electron densities. The present work is featured with an application of the Bethe-ansatz wave function, which has a simple form in the large-U limit for any electron density. Namely, its charge degrees of freedom are expressed as a Slater determinant of spinless fermions, while its spin degrees of freedom are equivalent to the one-dimensional S=(1/2 Heisenberg model. The singularity of n(k) at k=${k}_{F}$ is analyzed from the system size dependence. In addition to the ${k}_{F}$ singularity, n(k) has a weak singularity at k=3${k}_{F}$; however, no detectable singularity is present at 2${k}_{F}$, which one might expect from the spinless fermion wave function. The singularity of S(k) at 2${k}_{F}$ is also examined in detail. It is concluded from the size dependence that, when the system is away from half-filling, the nature of the singularity at 2${k}_{F}$ is different from that in the Heisenberg model. The results are compared with the behavior in the weak-correlation regime examined with the perturbation calculation, the prediction of g-ology, and recent Monte Carlo calculations.
Antitumor activity of irofulven monotherapy and in combination with mitoxantrone or docetaxel against human prostate cancer models

Irofulven (6‐hydroxymethylacylfulvene, HMAF, MGI 114) is a novel antitumor agent currently undergoing clinical trials in hormone‐refractory prostate cancer. This report examines the efficacy of irofulven alone or in combination with mitoxantrone or docetaxel against androgen‐independent prostate cancer cell lines.
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Bean Plants Infected by a Virulent and Avirulent Obligate Rust Fungus *S

Plants appear to have two types of active defenses, a broad-spectrum basal system and a system controlled by R-genes providing stronger resistance to some pathogens that break the basal defense. However, it is unknown if the systems are separate entities. Therefore, we analyzed proteins from leaves of the dry bean crop plant Phaseolus vulgaris using a high-throughput liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. By statistically comparing the amounts of proteins detected in a single plant variety that is susceptible or resistant to infection, depending on the strains of a rust fungus introduced, we defined basal and R-gene-mediated plant defenses at the proteomic level. The data reveal that some basal defense proteins are potential regulators of a strong defense weakened by the fungus and that the R-gene modulates proteins similar to those in the basal system. The results satisfy a new model whereby R-genes are part of the basal system and repair disabled defenses to reinstate strong resistance.
Impact Of Mobile Phone Usage On Academic Performance Among Secondary School Students In Taraba State, Nigeria

This study employed survey design in investigating the influence of mobile phone usage on academic performance among secondary school student in Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria. The sample for the study was 300 respondents selected from the total population of 6,482 respondents. Stratified sampling technique was employed to select the sample. The Mobile Phone Usage Questionnaire (MPUQ) adapted from Twum (2011), Mathematic Achievement Test (MAT) and English Language Achievement test (ELAT), were the instrument used for this study. Data collected were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA to answer the research questions and hypotheses. The finding of this study, revealed that mobile phone usage significantly influence academic performance among male and female senior secondary school students (t = 6.113, P = 0.02), age difference was not a significant factor in mobile phone usage on academic performance among senior secondary school students (f = 6.431, P = 0.022), parent’s occupation was not a significant factor in mobile phone usage on academic performance among senior secondary school students (f = 9.005, p= 0.031) and that the frequency of mobile phone usage does not significantly influence academic performance among male and female senior secondary school students (t = 8.131, p = 0.02). It was recommended that, School psychologists, teachers, school administrators, parents and students should be sensitized on the influence of mobile phone usage on academic performance among secondary school students irrespective of gender and age differences.
Engineering of optical and electronic band gaps in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers through external dielectric screening

In order to fully exploit the potential of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers (TMD-MLs), the well-controlled creation of atomically sharp lateral heterojunctions within these materials is highly desirable. A promising approach to create such heterojunctions is the local modulation of the electronic structure of an intrinsic TMD-ML via dielectric screening induced by its surrounding materials. For the realization of this non-invasive approach, an in-depth understanding of such dielectric effects is required. We report on the modulations of excitonic transitions in TMD-MLs through the effect of dielectric environments including low-k and high-k dielectric materials. We present absolute tuning ranges as large as 37 meV for the optical band gaps of WSe 2 and MoSe 2 MLs and relative tuning ranges on the order of 30% for the binding energies of neutral excitons in WSe 2 MLs. The findings suggest the possibility to reduce the electronic band gap of WSe 2 MLs by 120 meV, paving the way towards dielectrically defined lateral heterojunctions.
The Effect of Endotoxin Administration on the Secretory Dynamics of Oxytocin in Follicular Phase Mares: Relationship to Stress Axis Hormones

The primary aim of this study was to define the secretory dynamics of oxytocin and vasopressin in pituitary venous effluent from ambulatory horses during acute endotoxaemia, a stimulus that may release both hormones. Our secondary aim was to investigate the role of oxytocin in regulating adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion by comparing oxytocin, vasopressin, corticotropin‐releasing hormone (CRH) and ACTH secretory profiles during endotoxaemia and by monitoring the ACTH response to oxytocin administration. Pituitary venous blood was collected nonsurgically continuously and divided into 1‐min segments from eight follicular phase mares. Four mares were sampled for 30 min before and 3.5 h after receiving an i.v. infusion of bacterial endotoxin (TOX). Four control mares were sampled for 2.5 h without infusion of TOX. Another three follicular phase mares were given 5 U of oxytocin to replicate the peak response to TOX and pituitary blood collected every 1 min for 10 min before and 15 min after injection. Endotoxin raised the secretion rates of all hormones measured. All hormones were released episodically throughout the experiment, with TOX increasing the amplitude of peaks in each hormone. Peaks in oxytocin and vasopressin were coincident in each treated mare. Similarly, ACTH peaks were coincident with peaks of oxytocin and vasopressin in each treated mare, and with peaks of CRH in three mares. However, oxytocin administration did not affect ACTH secretion. We conclude that during endotoxaemia in horses: (i) oxytocin and vasopressin are secreted synchronously; (ii) oxytocin is unlikely to be acting as an ACTH secretagogue since inducing peak oxytocin concentrations observed during TOX does not raise ACTH; and therefore (iii) the close relationship between oxytocin and ACTH secretion is circumstantial and due to the fact that oxytocin secretion is concurrent with that of vasopressin, a proven ACTH secretagogue in horses.
Panic disorder, chest pain and coronary artery disease: literature review.

OBJECTIVE To examine the association among panic disorder, atypical chest pain and coronary artery disease (CAD). This article's purpose is to inform cardiologists of the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, primarily panic disorder, among patients consulting for chest pain. Panic disorder is described. Treatment modalities are summarized, and social, financial and medical consequences of nondetection are underlined. DATA SOURCES PSYCHLIT and MEDLINE searches under panic disorder and chest pain-related headings were conducted. DATA EXTRACTION The search covered January 1973 to June 1993. Thirty-eight articles were studied. DATA SYNTHESIS Panic disorder is present in 30% or more of chest pain patients with no or minimal CAD and may coexist with CAD. Panic disorder may often be unrecognized by physicians. Left untreated, risk for disease progression may be augmented, and social vocational disability as well as medical costs may increase. CONCLUSION Physicians should attend to the panic symptomatology and, when in doubt, refer possible panic patients with or without CAD to a mental health professional for assessment and treatment. Future panic prevalence studies in cardiology patients should be prospective, attempt to increase sample size and use randomized protocols where experimenters are blind to chest pain and medical diagnoses. Studies should also focus on CAD patients with atypical chest pain refractory to optimal cardiac therapy.
The therapeutic challenges of dual diagnosis: TBI/SCI

Rehabilitation centres provide therapeutic intervention to both patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI). Patients with a dual diagnosis of TBI and SCI present a challenge to the rehabilitation professional. Previous studies indicate an incidence of concomitant TBI and SCI to be between 24–59%. Many research articles discuss how a diagnosis of TBI is often missed during the medical examination of a person with a suspected SCI. This article will focus on the implications of dual diagnosis encountered during the rehabilitation process. A case study is used to highlight the challenges presented by the cognitive impairments of a TBI in combination with the motoric deficits of SCI. Management strategies utilised by the rehabilitation team are discussed.
The Impact of Attachment, Parenting Attitudes, and Family History on Emotional, Behavioral, and Physiological Responses to Infant Crying

An important hallmark of the first year of life is the development of the parent-child attachment relationship (Ainsworth, 1967). As a result of this relationship, children develop working models that impact their representations of future relationships. Research suggests that securely attached caregivers respond consistently and sensitively to infant needs, which results in a secure attachment relationship (van IJzendoorn, 1995). When the attachment behavior system is activated, infants use crying as a means to gain proximity to their caregiver. This crying drives a change in emotion, which affects how caregivers respond to their infants (Leerkes, Parade & Gudmundson, 2011). The purpose of the current study was to examine the influence of attachment history, parenting history, and attitudes toward parenting on the emotional, behavioral, and physiological responses to infant cries in a sample of 120 emerging adults. To accomplish this, we asked participants to attempt to soothe a crying, simulated infant (Rutherford, Goldberg, Luyten, Bridgett, & Mayes, 2013). The simulation lasted up to 20 minutes. Those with greater levels of attachment avoidance displayed greater caregiving behaviors, while those who displayed greater levels of attachment anxiety displayed fewer distraction behaviors. Furthermore, participants with a warm and accepting mother experienced less emotional reactivity. Finally, parenting attitudes significantly contributed to differences in all three categories of response. The simulated infant paradigm is clinically relevant and could be used to identify risky parents-to-be.
Nutritional composition of shea nut ( Vitellaria paradoxa , gaertn) byproducts and their digestibility by Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus L.) juvenile

This study was conducted to determine the nutritional (proximate and energy) composition of selected shea nut by-products (SNPs) namely; shea nut meal (SNM, solvent extracted), shea nut cake (SNC, mechanically extracted) and shea nut cake (SNCW, water extracted) and their apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) by Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus . The ADC was determined using a reference diet with chromic oxide indicator and test diets that contained 70% reference diet and 30% of SNPs being evaluated. Nile tilapia (26.89 ± 3.19 g) was stocked in rearing tanks at 12 per tank and their faeces was collected from two replicate groups of fish by siphoning. Crude protein (CP), crude lipid (CL), crude fibre (CF) and gross energy (GE) of SNM, SNC and SNCW were 159.8, 70.0, 86.6 g.kg -1 and 17.4 kJ.g -1 ; 145.3, 243.2, 49.3 g.kg -1 and 21.7 kJ.g -1 ; 125.5, 304.0, 48.8 g.kg -1 and 22.9 kJ.g -1 , respectively. The ADC of dry matter (DM), CP, CL and GE of ingredients ranged from 73.0 – 83.8%, 47.3 – 72.0%, 74.7 - 98.9% and 61.2 - 96.3%, respectively. The SNC and SNCW had significantly higher DM, CP, CL and GE digestibility (P < 0.05) compare to SNM. Generally, protein composition and digestibility of the SNPs in this study were low and seem unsuitable as protein sources for Nile tilapia. Keywords: Nutritional composition, digestibility, nile tilapia, shea nut, by-product
Assessing Occupational Stress, Strain, and Coping for North American Teachers in Kuwait

In this study, differences in levels of occupational stress and strain experienced by North American local (n = 24) and expatriate (n = 43) teachers working in Kuwait were investigated by married (n=34) and single status (n=31) and by male (n = 30) and female (n = 47) sex. All teachers self-administered the Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised. No differences appeared among measures of stress or strain between male and female teachers or between married and single teachers. However, locally hired teachers reported higher role insufficiency and interpersonal strain than expatriate teachers. Some significant differences in coping styles also appeared between these groups. None of the measures used revealed any significant correlations between age and years of service.
Diagnostic Accuracy of 0.2 Tesla Open MR Imaging Unit in Detecting Meniscal Tears: Correlation with Arthroscopy

Aim: In the assessment of meniscal tears, diagnostic accuracy of 0.2 Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was investigated and compared with arthroscopy as standard of reference. Method: 340 patients suspected with meniscal tears were examined by 0.2 Tesla open MRI unit. 47 of the patients underwent arthroscopy. The arthroscopy results were compared with interpretations of MRI retrospectively. Result: In detecting meniscal tears with 0.2 T MRI, sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy were 90%, 88,2%, 89,4% for medial meniscal tears and 91%, 91,6%, 91,5% for lateral meniscal tears, respectively. Conclusion: O.2 T MRI is effective in detecting meniscal tears and can be safely use in detecting the meniscal pathologies.
In vitro model of the blood-brain barrier established by co-culture of primary cerebral microvascular endothelial and astrocyte cells

Drugs for the treatment and prevention of nervous system diseases must permeate the blood-brain barrier to take effect. In vitro models of the blood-brain barrier are therefore important in the investigation of drug permeation mechanisms. However, to date, no unified method has been described for establishing a blood-brain barrier model. Here, we modified an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier by seeding brain microvascular endothelial cells and astrocytes from newborn rats on a polyester Transwell cell culture membrane with 0.4-µm pores, and conducted transepithelial electrical resistance measurements, leakage tests and assays for specific blood-brain barrier enzymes. We show that the permeability of our model is as low as that of the blood-brain barrier in vivo. Our model will be a valuable tool in the study of the mechanisms of action of neuroprotective drugs.
"It's just a social obligation. You could say 'No'!": Cultural and Religious Barriers of American Indian Faculty in the Academy

There is a widely and deeply held belief on the part of my white colleagues that racism is something done by individuals through overt or covert actions against other individuals. Sometimes this belief is tied to one specific characteristic—skin color. Some would believe that they cannot commit racist acts against anyone who looks like them regardless of the identified race of that person. As a clever trick of psychological avoidance, this worldview allows many mainstream faculty to remain comfortably aloof to the infrastructures, the cultural, social, and academic “standards,” that contribute to the unseen barriers we, as American Indian colleagues, must surmount. Fine has described “good students” as those who are most successful at cultural code-switching, or developing two voices. While most of us speak in our own voices within our ethnic communities, many of us have also mastered the ability to voice specific forms of knowledge in “academicspeak. ” When we chose to be trained in Western paradigms through Western schools in order to become academics, most of us took on the role of “good student” for the sake of survival. Many of us have suffered in silence after finding that speaking out was painfully rewarded by financial, grade, merit, and personal ostracism. Most institutions ask that we pay a “It’s just a social obligation. You could say ‘No’! ”
Snf1 Kinases with Different β-Subunit Isoforms Play Distinct Roles in Regulating Haploid Invasive Growth

ABSTRACT The Snf1 protein kinase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been shown to have a role in regulating haploid invasive growth in response to glucose depletion. Cells contain three forms of the Snf1 kinase, each with a different β-subunit isoform, either Gal83, Sip1, or Sip2. We present evidence that different Snf1 kinases play distinct roles in two aspects of invasive growth, namely, adherence to the agar substrate and filamentation. The Snf1-Gal83 form of the kinase is required for adherence, whereas either Snf1-Gal83 or Snf1-Sip2 is sufficient for filamentation. Genetic evidence indicates that Snf1-Gal83 affects adherence by antagonizing Nrg1- and Nrg2-mediated repression of the FLO11 flocculin and adhesin gene. In contrast, the mechanism(s) by which Snf1-Gal83 and Snf1-Sip2 affect filamentation is independent of FLO11. Thus, the Snf1 kinase regulates invasive growth by at least two distinct mechanisms.
The influence of sharing on children's initial concept of division.

We report three studies that investigate young children's ability to solve partitive division problems when presented with a concrete model of a problem. In the studies, 5- to 8-year-olds were given problems about sharing "sweets" between dolls, and the sweets were grouped in one of two different ways. When the sweets were grouped by the divisor, the number of groups coincided with the number of dolls (divisor) and the number in each group was the answer (quotient). When the sweets were grouped by the quotient, the reverse was true. In all three experiments, children found it much easier to solve the problems in the Grouping-by-Divisor condition than in the Grouping-by-Quotient condition (although there was some evidence of a developmental improvement in the tasks). It is suggested that the Grouping-by-Divisor condition is easier because it coincides with the end point of sharing. The findings are discussed with reference to schemas of action in children's mathematical understanding.
Induction of MET by ionizing radiation and its role in radioresistance and invasive growth of cancer.

BACKGROUND Ionizing radiation (IR) is effectively used in cancer therapy. However, in subsets of patients, a few radioresistant cancer cells survive and cause disease relapse with metastatic progression. The MET oncogene encodes the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor and is known to drive "invasive growth", a regenerative and prosurvival program unduly activated in metastasis. METHODS Human tumor cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435S, U251) were subjected to therapeutic doses of IR. MET mRNA, and protein expression and signal transduction were compared in treated and untreated cells, and the involvement of the DNA-damage sensor ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in activating MET transcription were analyzed by immunoblotting, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and use of NF-κB silencing RNA (siRNA). Cell invasiveness was measured in wound healing and transwell assays, and cell survival was measured in viability and clonogenic assays. MET was inhibited by siRNA or small-molecule kinase inhibitors (PHA665752 or JNJ-38877605). Combinations of MET-targeted therapy and radiotherapy were assessed in MDA-MB-231 and U251 xenografts (n = 5-6 mice per group). All P values were from two-sided tests. RESULTS After irradiation, MET expression in cell lines was increased up to fivefold via activation of ATM and NF-κB. MET overexpression increased ligand-independent MET phosphorylation and signal transduction, and rendered cells more sensitive to HGF. Irradiated cells became more invasive via a MET-dependent mechanism that was further enhanced in the presence of HGF. MET silencing by siRNA or inhibition of its kinase activity by treatment with PHA665752 or JNJ-38877605 counteracted radiation-induced invasiveness, promoted apoptosis, and prevented cells from resuming proliferation after irradiation in vitro. Treatment with MET inhibitors enhanced the efficacy of IR to stop the growth of or to induce the regression of xenografts (eg, at day 13, U251 xenografts, mean volume increase relative to mean tumor volume at day 0: vehicle = 438%, 5 Gy IR = 151%, 5 Gy IR + JNJ-38877605 = 76%; difference, IR vs JNJ-38877604 + IR = 75%, 95% CI = 59% to 91%, P = .01). CONCLUSION IR induces overexpression and activity of the MET oncogene through the ATM-NF-κB signaling pathway; MET, in turn, promotes cell invasion and protects cells from apoptosis, thus supporting radioresistance. Drugs targeting MET increase tumor cell radiosensitivity and prevent radiation-induced invasiveness.
Mandibular flexure associated with muscle force applied in the retruded axis position.

The object of this study was to measure any mandibular flexure occurring in the horizontal plane, when R.A. P. recordings were made with an 'anterior jig' (Lucia, 1964), chin-point guidance and patient-applied muscle force. The rationale for the experimental method was that any arch-width change noted at the tooth level reflected a flexure of the mandible. Ten subjects participated and the mean lateral flexure of the mandible in the horizontal plane was 0.073 +/- 0.028 mm. As a corollary to the study, mean medial flexure of the mandible in wide opening movements was found to be 0.093 +/- 0.044 mm, which was consistent with earlier workers' results. On the basis of the results obtained, restorations constructed to muscle-R.A. P. recordings could conceivably present as occlusal interferences and, indeed, articulators may require modification so as to allow for mandibular resilience.