Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Verification of a Design Technique of an SFCL System With a Copper Bypass Reactor

This paper presents a study on design technique of superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) with a bypass reactor. The SFCL system consists of a non-inductive superconducting coil and a copper coil as a bypass reactor. Since typical resistive SFCL impedance is too high to adopt the existing grid protection scheme, a bypass reactor is required to adjust the impedance. The superconducting coil is a current-driven passive element; hence, connecting a bypass reactor in parallel affects the current sharing between the superconducting coil and the copper reactor. We proposed a design technique to estimate the generated impedance considering the current sharing. The technique is based on a SPICE simulation and thermal finite element analysis (FEA). By comparing to the test result with two kinds of bypass reactors, it is confirmed that the proposed method can simulate all currents and voltages properly. As a result, a case study was conducted on the design of the SFCL system, rated on 13.2 kV/2.5 kA was being considered as a new distribution grid in Korean metropolitan areas.
Neutrophil dysfunctions in thalassaemia major: The role of cell iron overload

The susceptibility to infections was recorded in 13 patients with β thalassaemia major (T.P.). The following parameters were also investigated in their polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN): nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction, heated yeast and Escherichia coli phagocytosis, Escherichia coli killing and myeloperoxydase activity. These results were compared to those obtained in healthy controls (H.C.). The Perls's reaction was performed on PMN and graded according to a scoring system with the aim of quantifying the iron intoxication of PMN. Phagocytosis and Perls's reaction of PMN from H.C. were also studied after 20 h of incubation with thalassaemic serum. 6 T.P. out of 13 developed septicaemia during their lifetime and in all 9 septicaemic episodes were noted. Phagocytosis was greatly impaired, disclosing both cellular and serum abnormalities. The mean percentage of Perls's positive PMN was 13% in T.P., contrasting with the constant negative reaction in H.C. The incubation of PMN from H.C. with serum from T.P. induced the simultaneous appearance of a phagocytosis defect and of a positive Perl's reaction. It was concluded that in β thalassaemia major the phagocytosis of PMN was altered due to a combination of serum and cellular abnormalities and that both may be related to the iron overload.
Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery of the kidney with no accessory trocars: an initial experience.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE As laparoscopy becomes more commonplace for urologists, ongoing attempts are under way to minimize the number and size of incisions used for access. Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) was developed and has been increasingly attempted as an extension of classic laparoscopy. Investigators hypothesize that LESS may offer a superior cosmetic result, faster recovery, and equivalent efficacy to laparoscopic surgery. Our aim is to present our experience with renal LESS. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective data collection was performed on all patients who were undergoing renal LESS at our institution. A total of 11 renal LESS procedures were performed between July and November 2008: four LESS donor nephrectomies, two LESS radical nephrectomies, three LESS partial nephrectomies, and two LESS pyeloplasties. All LESS procedures replicated laparoscopic techniques but were performed through a single operative site using a 5-mm flexible-tip laparoscope and flexible working instruments. RESULTS Six of the patients were men. The mean operative time was 162.4 +/- 38.5 minutes. The mean estimated blood loss was 104.5 +/- 41.6 mL, with a mean length of hospitalization of 2.4 +/- 0.8 days. There were no intraoperative complications or blood transfusions. Postoperative pain requirements were tabulated and revealed a mean in-hospital analgesic requirement of 44.8 +/- 46.7 mg (range 7-158 mg) of morphine equivalents with three patients receiving intravenous ketorolac. CONCLUSION Renal LESS is feasible as flexible laparoscopes and instruments continue to develop. In our initial experience, expert laparoscopic surgeons were able to perform these LESS procedures with equivalent efficacy without compromising perioperative measures, including operative time, blood loss, and hospital stay. Further prospective investigation through randomized studies is necessary to elucidate differences, if any, in postoperative analgesic requirements and patient satisfaction with postoperative cosmesis, and to confirm equivalent efficacy when compared with current standards.
A Matrix-Vector Recurrent Unit Model for Capturing Compositional Semantics in Phrase Embeddings

The meaning of a multi-word phrase not only depends on the meaning of its constituent words, but also the rules of composing them to give the so-called compositional semantic. However, many deep learning models for learning compositional semantics target specific NLP tasks such as sentiment classification. Consequently, the word embeddings encode the lexical semantics, the weights of the networks are optimised for the classification task. Such models have no mechanisms to explicitly encode the compositional rules, and hence they are insufficient in capturing the semantics of phrases. We present a novel recurrent computational mechanism that specifically learns the compositionality by encoding the compositional rule of each word into a matrix. The network uses a recurrent architecture to capture the order of words for phrases with various lengths without requiring extra preprocessing such as part-of-speech tagging. The model is thoroughly evaluated on both supervised and unsupervised NLP tasks including phrase similarity, noun-modifier questions, sentiment distribution prediction, and domain specific term identification tasks. We demonstrate that our model consistently outperforms the LSTM and CNN deep learning models, simple algebraic compositions, and other popular baselines on different datasets.
TRIZ: Engineering Methodologies to Improve the Process Reliability

Research of solutions to problem in existing processes often deals with the tendency to follow mental schemes because of the psychological inertia. This study illustrates a knowledge‐based systematic methodology of inventive problem solving for the effective development of new systems and solutions, a theory that consists of theoretical foundation, analytical and knowledge‐based tools, applicable in conjunction with other creativity and engineering methodologies. The TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solution) applicability in process reliability can develop new and effective solutions thanks to the examination of contradiction, different prospective, and points of view. The systematic innovation process provides a platform to integrate heterogeneous resources and tools opening the problem‐solving methodology to new and different interdisciplinary approaches. The deconstruction and identification of issues to analyze the problems in their context and in relation to other factors are adopted in many areas of industrial production as well as in the more general problem‐solving matters. In particular, this study will show how TRIZ can be used in process optimization rather than research and development where this methodology is commonly adopted. This case represents a practical application of the TRIZ to increase quality and reliability in regard to a manufacturing process of an industry that designs and builds molds and equipment for the production of aluminum food containers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crystal structure of a photobiologically active furanocoumarin from Artemisia reticulata

The title furanocoumarin, isolated from the Indian herb A. reticulata, crystallizes with two independent molecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. The two molecules differ essentially in the orientation of the propenyl group at the 2-position with respect to the mean plane of the furanocoumarin moiety. In the crystal, the two molecules are linked via O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming zigzag –A–B–A–B– chains propagating along [001].
“I Felt Like My Life Had Been Given to Me to Start Over”: Alice Kaplan’s Language Memoir, French Lessons

Alice Kaplan’s memoir French Lessons (1993) is a story that deals as much with the issue of language learning as with that of cultural belonging(s). This “language memoir,” as it is typical of this sub-genre, is an intimate tale of the transition between languages and cultures. French Lessons recounts her evolving relationship with French language and culture in various phases of her life: starting from childhood, continuing through her graduate student years at Yale and finally as professor of French at Duke. Soon, however, in this unconventional Bildung, the second language turns out to be a verbal safe-house, an instant refuge when her first language and culture happen to be too uncomfortable. Ultimately, French provides a psychic space and a hiding place. Ultimately, however, as Derrida has shown, we are alienated from both the first and the second; we find ourselves to be more comfortable in one than in the other. This essay will analyze such processes with special attention to the part played by the body in Kaplan’s building as a student and eventually as a teacher. The analysis will be linked with the text’s peculiar narrative style: fast-paced, with simple, concise sentences, nevertheless extremely effective and moving.
Genome Evolution Due to Allopolyploidization in Wheat

The wheat group has evolved through allopolyploidization, namely, through hybridization among species from the plant genera Aegilops and Triticum followed by genome doubling. This speciation process has been associated with ecogeographical expansion and with domestication. In the past few decades, we have searched for explanations for this impressive success. Our studies attempted to probe the bases for the wide genetic variation characterizing these species, which accounts for their great adaptability and colonizing ability. Central to our work was the investigation of how allopolyploidization alters genome structure and expression. We found in wheat that allopolyploidy accelerated genome evolution in two ways: (1) it triggered rapid genome alterations through the instantaneous generation of a variety of cardinal genetic and epigenetic changes (which we termed “revolutionary” changes), and (2) it facilitated sporadic genomic changes throughout the species’ evolution (i.e., evolutionary changes), which are not attainable at the diploid level. Our major findings in natural and synthetic allopolyploid wheat indicate that these alterations have led to the cytological and genetic diploidization of the allopolyploids. These genetic and epigenetic changes reflect the dynamic structural and functional plasticity of the allopolyploid wheat genome. The significance of this plasticity for the successful establishment of wheat allopolyploids, in nature and under domestication, is discussed.
Longitudinal Relationship between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Academic Achievement.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine the prospective associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and academic achievement in the youth. METHODS The sample included 1286 fifth-, sixth-, and seventh-grade students, age 11 to 14 yr (Mage = 11.3 ± 1.1), from 14 schools followed for 3 yr. Academic achievement was assessed using the students' marks at baseline and at follow-up 3 yr apart, in Portuguese, mathematics, foreign language (English), and science. CRF was assessed by the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run test from the Fitnessgram battery. Students were classified as fit-fit, unfit-fit, fit-unfit, and unfit-unfit according to the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run test results at baseline and follow-up. Ordinal regression analyses were performed to examine associations between CRF and academic achievement. RESULTS Being persistently fit (fit-fit), compared with those classified unfit-unfit, increased the odds of having high levels of academic achievement in Portuguese (odds ratio (OR) = 3.49; 95% CI, 1.97-6.20; P < 0.001) and foreign language (OR = 2.41; 95% CI, 1.39-4.14; P < 0.01) at follow-up. Students that improved their CRF and became fit (unfit-fit) had also higher odds of achieving better marks than those persistently unfit-unfit in Portuguese (OR = 2.52; 95% CI, 1.42-4.45; P < 0.01) and foreign language (OR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.23-3.67; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Consistently high and improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness are prospectively associated with better academic achievement especially in mother tongue and foreign language.
Mixed allogeneic chimerism with wild‐type strains ameliorates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice

Atherosclerosis involves inflammatory processes between vasculartissues and hematocytes with a hyperlipidemic background. To examinewhether variations of hematocytes constitute one of the geneticcomponents in atherosclerosis, irradiated apolipoprotein E(apoE)‐deficient (apoE−/−) mice with hypercholesterolemiaand preexisting atherosclerotic lesions were reconstituted withmixed bone marrow cells (BMC) from syngeneic and wild‐type(apoE+/+; atherosclerosis‐resistant SJL or ‐susceptibleB10.S) mice. Stable mixed allogeneic chimeras with small amounts ofserum apoE were established without any detrimentalcomplications. Compared with untreated apoE−/− miceor apoE−/− mice transplanted with syngeneic BMC alone, significant reduction of the cholesterol level and significant lesionregression were observed in the mixed chimeras. Furthermore, mixedchimeras given SJL BMC showed marked reductions in numbers of lesionscompared with those reconstituted with B10.S BMC. Cholesterol levels inthe former SJL chimeras, however, were significantly higher than thosein the latter B10.S chimeras. These findings indicate that theresistance of SJL to atherosclerosis resides in the bone marrow‐derivedcells.
Calculation of the Estimated Creatinine Clearance in Avoiding Drug Dosing Errors in the Older Patient

Background: The population of hospitalized older patients is increasing. We investigated whether clinicians accurately detected renal insufficiency in older patients and chose correct doses of commonly prescribed antibiotics. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 1044 patients >80 years admitted to the University of California Davis Medical Center between January and December 1997 with a diagnosis of infection. Inclusion criteria included data necessary to calculate creatinine clearance using the Cockroft‐Gault equation and administration of any of the study antibiotics. Patients with unstable renal function, defined as an increase in creatinine of ≥1.0 mg/dL/day were excluded. Administered dosages of each study drug were compared with the appropriate adjusted doses. We examined the variables of age, weight, serum creatinine, and sex to determine whether any were individually predictive of dosing errors. Results: Dosing errors were identified in all of the antibiotics studied, and the overall dosing error rate was 34%. The factors that were predictive of dosage errors were advanced age and low body weight. Serum creatinine and sex were not statistically significant factors. Conclusions: Widespread errors in medication dosing are made in elderly hospitalized patients. The Cockroft‐Gault equation reveals significant renal insufficiency requiring dose adjustments in most elderly patients studied, especially those>85 years of age and with low body weight. Estimation of glomerular filtration rate should be performed routinely on all admitted patients older than 80 and in any patient with low lean body mass.
SEPT9 negatively regulates ubiquitin-dependent downregulation of EGFR

ABSTRACT Septins constitute a family of GTP-binding proteins that are involved in a variety of biological processes. Several isoforms have been implicated in disease, but the molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenesis are poorly understood. Here, we show that depletion of SEPT9 decreases surface levels of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) by enhancing receptor degradation. We identify a consensus motif within the SEPT9 N-terminal domain that supports its association with the adaptor protein CIN85 (also known as SH3KBP1). We further show CIN85–SEPT9 to be localized exclusively to the plasma membrane, where SEPT9 is recruited to EGF-engaged receptors in a CIN85-dependent manner. Finally, we demonstrate that SEPT9 negatively regulates EGFR degradation by preventing the association of the ubiquitin ligase Cbl with CIN85, resulting in reduced EGFR ubiquitylation. Taken together, these data provide a mechanistic explanation of how SEPT9, though acting exclusively at the plasma membrane, impairs the sorting of EGFRs into the degradative pathway.
Medicarpin induces lipolysis via activation of Protein Kinase A in brown adipocytes

Natural pterocarpan Medicarpin (Med) has been shown to have various beneficial biological roles, including inhibition of osteoclastogenesis, stimulation of bone regeneration and induction of apoptosis. However, the effect of the Med on lipolysis in adipocytes has not been reported. Here, we show the effect of Med on lipolysis in different mouse adipocytes and elucidate the underlying mechanism. We observed that Med treatment promoted release of glycerol in the media. Differentiated mouse brown adipose tissue cells were treated with Med. RNA-Seq analysis was performed to elucidate the effect of med and subsequently was confirmed by qRT-PCR and western blotting analyses. Med treatment increased both protein and gene expression levels of hormone-sensitive lipase (Hsl) and adipose triglyceride lipase (Atgl), which are two critical enzymes necessary for lipolysis. Mechanistic study showed that Med activates Protein Kinase A (PKA) and phosphorylates Hsl at PKA target position at Serine660. Silencing of PKA gene by short interfering RNA attenuated the Med-induced increase in glycerol release and Hsl phosphorylation. The results unveil that Med boosts lipolysis via a PKA-dependent pathway in adipocytes and may provide a possible avenue of further research of Med mediated reduction of body fat.
Healthcare Workers' Knowledge and Attitudes About Pertussis and Pertussis Vaccination

Objective. To determine knowledge and attitudes about pertussis and pertussis vaccination among healthcare workers (HCWs). Design. Self-administered, Web-based survey. Setting. Tertiary-care academic medical center. Participants. Medical center employees who participated in direct patient care were recruited to complete the survey through institutional e-mail. Results. Of 14,893 potentially eligible employees, 1,819 (12%) completed the survey. Most respondents (87%) did not plan to receive the pertussis vaccine. Intent to receive vaccination (which included recent history of vaccination) was associated with the following 4 factors: receipt of a physician recommendation for vaccination (odds ratio [OR], 9.01), awareness of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for pertussis vaccination for HCWs (OR, 6.89), receipt of encouragement to be vaccinated from a coworker (OR, 4.72), the belief that HCWs may spread pertussis to patients and family (OR, 1.80). Two factors were negatively associated with intent to receive vaccination: the presence of children in the HCW's home (OR, 0.69) and employment as a nurse (OR, 0.59). Reasons cited by those who did not intend to receive vaccination included lack of a personal recommendation for vaccination (78%), receipt of vaccination as a child (51%), and perception that there was no significant risk for contracting pertussis (38%). Conclusions. Of the HCWs surveyed, only 13% intended to receive the pertussis vaccine. A perceived lack of recommendation for vaccination and inaccurate conceptions about pertussis and pertussis vaccination were cited as reasons HCWs did not intend to be vaccinated. Institutional pertussis vaccination campaigns should focus on the risks of healthcare-associated pertussis and new recommendations for pertussis vaccination.
Integrated Optimization of Combined Generation and Transmission Expansion Planning Considering Bus Voltage Limits

A novel integrated optimization method is proposed to combine both generation and transmission line expansion problem considering bus voltage limit. Most of the existing researches on the combined generation and transmission expansion planning cannot consider bus voltages and reactive power flow limits because they are mostly based on the DC power flow model. In this paper the AC power flow model and nonlinear constraints related to reactive power are simplified and modified to improve the computation time and convergence. The proposed method has been successfully applied to Garver's six-bus system which is one of the most frequently used small scale sample systems to verify the transmission expansion method.
The Vicenza “Short” Peritoneal Catheter: A Twenty Year Experience

Dislocation of peritoneal dialysis catheters is one of the major causes of technique failure. We evaluated 701 Vicenza catheters, implanted since 1985 in 365 males, mean age 53 ± 16 yrs, range 24 - 87, and 336 females, mean age 51 ± 17 yrs, range 21 - 82. The Vicenza catheter is defined “short” since it consists of a classic straight double cuff PD catheter having however an inner segment (the portion located in the peritoneal cavity) much shorter than any other type of catheter. It is implanted in the lower abdomen, just a few centimeters above the pubis. The analysis of our results obtained in a large PD population displayed good device survival at 2 and 5 years (94.3% and 91.5% respectively), a low dislocation rate (4%) and an exit-site infection rate similar to other double cuffed catheters. There was no selection of patients receiving this catheter since from 1985 we have used this catheter in every incident patient. Due to its lower implantation site this catheter demonstrates excellent wearability and good body image acceptance.
A framework for computing extrasentential references

We are concerned with developing a computational method for selecting possible antecedents of referring expressions over sentence boundaries. Our stratified model which uses a Λ‐categorial language for meaning representation incorporates valuable features of Fregean‐type semantics (a la Lewis, Montague, Partee, and others) along with features of situation semantics developed by Barwise and Perry. We consider a series of selected two‐sentence stories which we use to illustrate referential interdependencies between sentences. We explain the conditions under which such dependencies arise, explain the conditions under which various translations can be performed, and formalize a set of rules which specify how to compute the reference. We restrict our discussion to two‐sentence stories to avoid most of the problems inherent in where to look for the reference, that is, how to determine the proper antecedent. We restrict our considerations in this paper to situations where a reference, if it can be computed at all, has a unique antecedent. Thus we consider examples such as John wants to catch a fish. He (John) wants to eat it. and John interviewed a man. The man killed him (John). We then summarize the transformation which encompasses these rules and relate it to the stratified model. We discuss three aspects of this transformation that merit special attention from the computational viewpoint and summarize the contributions we have made. We also discuss the computational characteristics of the stratified model in general and present our ideas for a computer realization; there is no implementation of the t“ratified model at this time.