Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacteriology of urinary tract infection in patients of renal failure undergoing dialysis.

In a study of 114 patients who underwent 808 dialyses for renal failure, a high incidence of urinary tract infection (U.T.I.) was observed both in acute renal failure (A.R.F.) group (73.0%) and chronic renal failure (C.R.F.) group (57.5;;) . Although E. coli was the predominating urinary pathogen, the present study reveal­ed that other gram negative micro-organisms besides E. coli were also frequently isolated from the U.T. I. of both A.R. F. and C.R. F. cases. On the whole, both gram negative and gram positive micro­organisms exhibited high degree of resistance to antimicrobial agents. Antibiotics like Gentamycin Sulphate (98%), Polymyxin B (88%) and Colimycin Sulphate (86%) exhibited better range of total activity as compared to others.
Isotopic Composition of Stratospheric Water Vapor: Implications for Transport Near the Tropical Tropopause

We develop a series of models of transport in the upper tropical troposphere in order to explain the observed abundance and isotopic composition of stratospheric water vapor. We start with the Rayleigh fractionation process and add the effects of mixing and recirculation of stratospheric air through the upper troposphere. We compare our measurements with model calculations for a range of input parameters and find that the observations are best explained by a model that mixes vapor from roughly 11 km (carried aloft either as condensate or through radiative heating and uplift) with air that has been dehydrated (in a large convective system) to a mixing ratio substantially below the saturation mixing ratio of the mean tropical tropopause. The result is that while most of the moisture comes from convective outflow near 11 km, most of the air in the upper troposphere consists of dehydrated air from convective systems with cloud top temperatures below that of the mean tropical tropopause. We also find that the water vapor mixing ratio in the stratosphere is determined not only by the temperature of the tropical tropopause but also by the relative importance of radiative heating, recirculation of stratospheric air, and deep convection in supplying air to the upper troposphere. Our results show that water vapor isotope ratios are a powerful diagnostic tool for testing the results of general circulation models.
Local Stent-Based Release of Transforming Growth Factor–β1 Limits Arterial In-Stent Restenosis

The long-term success of intra-arterial stenting remains limited by in-stent restenosis (ISR). Transforming growth factor–β1 (TGF–β1) can inhibit smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and migration and convert SMCs into extracellular matrix (ECM)–synthesizing cells. Here, we evaluate the effects of stent-based delivery of TGF-β1 on ISR in a rabbit model. Channeled stents loaded with TGF-β1 or control microspheres were deployed in rabbit aortas. Stented aortas were harvested at 7 and 28 d and evaluated for Ki-67–positive cells, collagenous ECM production, and intima-to-media (I/M) ratio. At 7 d, the TGF-β1 group exhibited fewer Ki-67–positive cells were found for the TGF-β1 group (17.87 ± 2.18 cells per mm2) relative to control (25.07 ± 2.65 cells per mm2, p = 0.04), but increased collagen content (31.4 ± 2.5 percentage area) compared with control (29.3 ± 1.2 percentage area, p = 0.019). The I/M ratio in the TGF-β1 group was reduced by 50% and 9.1% versus control at 7 d (0.13 ± 0.02 vs. 0.26 ± 0.02, p = 0.0001) and 28 d (1.80 ± 0.05 vs. 1.98 ± 0.08, p = 0.0038), respectively. Stent-based controlled release of TGF-β1 limits ISR and is associated with inhibition of SMC proliferation but an increase in ECM production.
c-Src and Pyk2 Protein Tyrosine Kinases Play Protective Roles in Early HIV-1 Infection of CD4+ T-Cell Lines

Background:During early HIV-1 infection of CD4+ T-lymphocytes, many host protein tyrosine kinases become activated within minutes, including phosphoprotein pp60c-src (c-Src) and the focal adhesion kinase family member, proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2). Whether their activation facilitates or impedes infection remains to be determined. Methods:c-Src kinase inhibitors (SU6656, PP1, and PP2), adenovectors [wild-type and dominant-negative (DN) c-src] or siRNA (targeting c-src or pyk2) were used to inhibit, compete with or knockdown c-Src in Jurkat C, Jurkat E6-1, Hut 78 or Kit225 T-cell lines. Cells were then infected with HIV-1 luciferase reporter virus expressing VSV-G or HXB2(X4) envelope, and luciferase activity was measured after 2 days. Reverse transcriptase activity and viral cDNA were measured 1 hour after infection, whereas integrated virus was measured 12 hours after infection. Results:Pretreating Jurkat T-cells with SU6656 led to increased VSV-G luciferase activity. In the adenovector experiments, T-cells overexpressing dominant-negative c-Src, but not wild-type c-Src, showed increased luciferase activity after VSV-G infection. siRNA knockdown of c-Src or Pyk2, followed by HXB2 infection in Jurkat T-cells, lead to increased reverse transcriptase activity, viral cDNA, integrated virus, and increased luciferase activity. Conclusions:Pyk2 is known to interact with c-Src. Thus, Pyk2 activation that coincides with increased c-Src activity during HIV-1 infection could be responsible for c-Src activation. Reduced c-Src activation increases HIV-1 reverse transcription, integration, and/or transcription, suggesting the high c-Src activity seen early in HIV-1 infection may be a cellular response to slow or prevent early infection in CD4+ T-cells.
Effect of pierced metallic objects on sar distributions at 900 MHz

A study of the interaction between mobile phone antennas and a human head in the presence of different types of metallic objects, attached and pierced to the compressed ear, is presented in this article. Computed and measured results have been performed by considering a quasi‐half‐wavelength dipole as the radiating source and measurements with the DASY4 dosimetric assessment system. Two different human head models have been implemented: a homogeneously shaped sphere and a three‐level head model with four different kinds of tissue. Antenna input impedance, reflection coefficient, radiation patterns, SAR distribution, absorbed power, and peak SAR values have been computed and measured for diverse scenarios, electromagnetic simulators, and organs. Despite the measuring accuracy limitations of the study, both simulated and measured results suggest that special attention has to be paid to peak SAR averaged values when wearing metallic objects close to the radiation source, since some increment of peak SAR averaged values is expected. Bioelectromagnetics 27:337–353, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Prospective Randomized Study on Three Different Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters

Objective We compared outcomes for catheters with different configurations: conventional straight, swan-neck straight tip, and swan-neck curled tip. Design The study was conducted as a prospective randomized controlled trial in the continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) unit of a university center. Patients and Methods We randomized 93 new regular CAPD patients without prior peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter insertion to receive a conventional straight, double-cuffed catheter (CS), a swan-neck straight catheter (SNC), or a swan-neck curled tip catheter (SNC) in 2:1:1 ratio. Results The exit-site infection (ESI) rate was slightly lower with swan-neck catheters as compared with straight catheters, but the difference was not statistically significant. The peritonitis rate and overall catheter survival were similar. In Staphylococcus aureus nasal non carriers as compared with carriers, ESI-free catheter survival was significantly better with swan-neck catheters (p = 0.0302 and p = 0.82 respectively). As compared with SC catheters, SNC catheters had a significantly higher migration rate (p = 0.022). Conclusions Swan-neck catheters were associated with a slightly better ESI rate, but SNC catheters are not routinely recommended because of a high migration rate. The SNS catheter is therefore recommended as the first-line catheter of choice, particularly in populations with a low rate of S. aureus nasal carriage.
Septic arthritis due to Nocardia caviae.

was 50/o and that hip replacement was required in seven out of 18 cases. This letter reports the long term outcome of 10 patients with adult onset Still's disease who presented to an infectious diseases department and were followed up for more than three years. All 10 patients were more than 16 years old (mean 36 years (range 20-56)) and fulfilled the American Rheumatism Association criteria for adult onset Still's disease6; in eight patients all four major criteria (fever, arthritis, rash, leucocytosis) were present and the diagnosis was defmite. Diagnosis was only probable in
Wavelength‐Selective Light‐Induced Release from Plasmon Resonant Liposomes

Biodegradable, spectrally tunable plasmon resonant nanocapsules are created via the deposition of gold onto the surface of 100 nm diameter thermosensitive liposomes. These nanocapsules exhibit selective release of encapsulated contents upon illumination with light of a wavelength matching their distinct resonance bands. In this study, 760 and 1210 nm laser illumination elicits complete release from gold‐coated liposomes with a corresponding resonance, while causing minimal release from liposomes with an unmatching resonance. Spectrally selective release is accomplished through the use of multiple, low‐intensity laser pulses delivered over a period of minutes, ensuring that illumination affects the gold‐coated liposomes without heating the surrounding media. The use of pulsed illumination to achieve spectral selectivity is validated experimentally and through modeling of the heat equation. The result of this illumination scheme for selective release using multiple wavelengths of light is a biologically safe mechanism for realizing drug delivery, microfluidic, and sensor applications.
Parity and Illiteracy as Risk Factors of Cervical Cancers in Viet Nam.

The aim of the present study was to examine the risk of cervical cancers with reference to multiparity and illiteracy in Ho Chi Minh City where this neoplasm is a very serious problem but no reports have documented its risk factors. The 5,034 cervical cancer cases treated from 1989-94 in the Central Oncology Clinic of Ho Chi Minh City were derived from published sources. The observed number of children born and the education level among cervical cancer cases were compared with those in the reference group, the general population based on the results of the national census in 1989 and the inter-census in 1994. Among cervical cancer patients, the number of children born was in a wide range from 1-20 children with the mean number being 6.6 children per patient. Most of the patients finished primary or some primary school (54.9%), followed by the illiteracy group (30.0%). Multiparity was found to increase the risk of cervical cancer (RR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.30-1.32). Illiteracy was also found to be associated with an elevated risk (RR = 3.43, 95 % CI = 2.85-4.14). The significant increase in risk of cervical cancers linked to to multi parity and illiteracy is a very important finding in the south of Viet Nam, where cancer is a very serious problem and there is a lack of information on which to base primary and secondary prevention.efforts.
The Trochlear Cleft: Initial Experience in Elite Athletes

Objective The trochlear cleft is a recently described vertically oriented, low-signal cartilage lesion centered in the trough of the trochlear cartilage. The purpose of our study was to determine the incidence of clefts in an at-risk group of athletes and correlate these findings with clinical and physical examination results. Materials and Methods Sixteen female collegiate volleyball players consented to bilateral knee evaluations, which consisted of history, physical examination, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Two fellowship-trained musculoskeletal radiologists reviewed each MR study by consensus. The trochlear cartilage was considered to be either normal, at risk of developing a cleft, or meeting the previously described criteria for clefts. The Fisher exact test was used for categorical variables, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for nonparametric continuous variable. Results A total of 16 athletes (32 knees; 16 women; age range, 18–22 years; mean, 19.9 years) were enrolled in the study. Four knees (13%) in 3 athletes were diagnosed with a trochlear cleft; 6 knees (19%) in 4 athletes had clefts or were at risk of developing clefts. Among those players with unilateral cartilage lesions, 67% had contralateral abnormalities (P = 0.0783). Functional outcomes and physical examination findings were within normal limits for all athletes, with no difference noted between those with and without clefts. Conclusions Elite athletes have a much higher incidence of trochlear clefts than the general population and are at risk of bilateral disease. Clefts are likely to be an incidental finding at MR imaging for unrelated symptoms.
The composite anterolateral thigh flap for achilles tendon and soft tissue defect reconstruction with tendon repair by fascia with double or triple folding technique

Rupture of the Achilles tendon is usually managed by surgical intervention. Recurrent tendon ruptures, segmental tendon defects, and overlying soft tissue defects render reconstructive procedures challenging. In this report, we present double or triple folding technique of the anterolateral thigh (ALT) free flap, and report the clinical outcomes of the reconstruction of combined defects, including the Achilles tendon and overlying soft tissue.
Response-Time Analysis of Parallel Fork-Join Workloads with Real-Time Constraints

The advent of multi- and many-core processors comes with new challenges and opportunities for the designer of embedded real-time applications. By using parallel programming techniques (e.g. OpenMP) software engineers can leverage from the available hardware parallelism and speed up the algorithms. The inherent redundancy of multi-core architectures can also be used to implement fault-tolerance by executing code redundantly on multiple cores in parallel. Parallel programming and redundant execution are typical examples for fork-join tasks in which the program is partially parallelized. However, complex synchronization of parallel segments across multiple cores can cause unanticipated effects. This is especially problematic in hard real-time applications where data must be available in bounded time (e.g. stereo vision for pedestrian detection). The contribution of this work is a novel worst-case response time analysis which accounts for synchronization of fork-join tasks with arbitrary deadlines. We apply the analysis to the Romain framework which extends the L4 micro kernel by redundant multithreading targeted towards fault-tolerant embedded systems. By using formal analysis, we show that parallelizing workloads can lead to drastic performance impairments compared to traditional sequential execution if not done carefully.
Factor Structure and Administration Measurement Invariance of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale in Latino College Samples: Paper–Pencil Versus Internet Administrations

The psychometric properties of the paper–pencil and online versions of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale (BTMI) were examined in two studies with Latina/o individuals. In Study 1, 316 Latina/o participants completed the BTMI in a paper–pencil mode. The original three-factor model was found to be a poor fit model for the sample. Subsequent exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses identified a four-factor model as the best fitting model for the sample. The identified factors were Dangerousness, Social Dysfunction, Incurability, and Embarrassment. In Study 2, the identified best fit model was tested with 280 Latina/o participants who completed the BTMI online. The four-factor model had adequate fit. A series of measurement invariance tests on the fit model supported equal factor loadings, but rejected equivalent intercepts across paper–pencil and online administration methods, though partially equivalent intercepts and residuals were found. Consequently, modality-specific norms are recommended, depending on whether paper–pencil or online venues are utilized for administration.
Chemical and Microbiological Evaluation of Mozzarella Cheese During Storage

This study was carried out to evaluate the chemical composition and microbiological quality of traditionally made Mozzarella cheese by two manufacturers in Khartoum State, Sudan. Thirty six samples, eighteen from each manufacturer, were collected. The chemical composition (fat, protein, total solids, ash and titratable acidity) and microbial quality (total bacteria count, proteolytic bacteria count, lipolytic bacteria and psychrotrophic bacteria count) of the cheese were evaluated. The results showed that during the shelf life of 75 days the fat content of cheese gradually (P<0.01) increased from day one to a maximum at day 60, and then decreased thereafter. The protein content showed a gradual decrease from day one to day 60, and then slightly increased at the end of shelf life. The total solids content slightly increased at day 30 and decreased towards the end. The ash content increased to a maximum at day 30 and then decreased at day 45, followed by an increase at day 60 and decreased at the end. The titratable acidity showed an irregular pattern throughout the shelf life and decreased at the end. The total bacteria count decreased to a minimum at day 60, then slightly increased. The lipolytic and psychrotrophic bacteria counts showed a gradual increase from day one to the end. The proteolytic bacteria count increased from day one to the end.
tributes of customer satisfaction ction

OF DOCTORAL DISSERTATION HELSINKI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY P.O. BOX 1000, FI-02015 TKK, http://www.tkk. fi Author Sami Kärnä Name of the dissertation Concepts and attributes of customer satisfaction in construction Manuscript submitted 21.5. 2009 Manuscript revised 15.10. 2009 Date of the defence 13.11. 2009 Monograph Article dissertation (summary + original articles) Faculty Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Department Department of Structural Engineering and Building Technology Field of research Construction Economics and Management Opponent(s) Professor Pertti Lahdenperä, VTT, Technical Research Centre of Finland Supervisor Professor Jouko Kankainen, Helsinki University of Technology Instructor Professor Jouko Kankainen, Helsinki University of Technology Abstract The significance of customer satisfaction has increased in all fields of production. Due to tightened competition and more demanding customers, the importance of customer satisfaction is emphasised in construction as well, although few studies has been made so far. The objective of this study is to produce new information widely as regards customer satisfaction in construction and the factors affecting it and to discuss utilising and measuring the customer data in the multidimensional business environment of construction. The study consists of a summary and six independent articles. The study outlines a theoretical model of the relationships between the factors of customer satisfaction and examines the attributes of satisfaction. The study material was comprised of the extensive material of the Finnish Construction Quality Association (RALA) in which the customer evaluates the contractor’s operations using 22 variables. Additionally, the study creates a model and framework for developing a feedback systematic for construction Regarding the level of customer satisfaction, the negative factors appear towards the end of the project. It is well described by the fact that in less successful projects, all sectors of the project are seen as poor, and if a project succeeds in one sector, it is likely to succeed in another as well. What is noteworthy here is that co-operation and contractor’s quality of services are not separate dimensions but intertwine with the central processes of construction. Moreover, direct and indirect relationships can be perceived between the factors of customer satisfaction. The study offers new perspectives for customer-centred development of construction. The most significant targets for development in practice are related to communication and handover methods of a construction project. By developing these methods, the constructor can eliminate factors causing dissatisfaction and improve their operations and customer orientation.
Exercise limitation in health and disease.

Classic studies of the factors that limit exercise revealed that exercise capacity is reduced at high altitudes1 and in persons with cardiopulmonary disorders.2 Because animal muscle deprived of oxygen rapidly fatigues and produces lactic acid,3 these findings suggested that inadequate oxygen delivery limits exercise. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) became the primary measure of exercise capacity, and mechanisms related to the delivery of oxygen to the muscles were considered the main factors determining exercise capacity. These principles dominate the conventional interpretation of clinical exercise tests.4,5 Physiology Normal Exercise Performance Exercise can be categorized as follows: short-term maximal exercise, .
Marital Timing in Women's Life Patterns

*Glen H. Elder, Jr. is Professor of Sociology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Richard Rockwell is a Fellow, Boys Town Research Center, Omaha, Nebraska. The authors gratefully acknowledge research support from grant MH-25834 (Glen H. Elder, Jr., principal investigator). The timing of first marriage is a watershed event for individuals. Its occurrence, whether &dquo;early,&dquo; &dquo;on time,&dquo; or &dquo;late&dquo; (in accordance with social norms) has well established consequences for the subsequent life course and family relationships. ’ I
BAX and p16INK4A are independent positive prognostic markers for advanced tumour stage of nonsmall cell lung cancer

Clinical studies suggest prognostic relevance of p16INK4A in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) while conflicting results for p53 have been published. However, the importance of the apoptosis regulating gene BAX, a downstream regulator of p53, on the prognosis of NSCLC is unknown. The present study investigated the prognostic relevance of BAX with respect to the status of p53 and p16INK4A in 61 patients with advanced NSCLC. Protein expression of BAX, p53 and p16INK4A was investigated retrospectively by immunohistochemistry. Tumour deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was screened for p53 mutations by single strand-conformation polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and BAX frameshift mutations by fragment length analysis. Patients with positive BAX protein expression had a significantly longer median survival (14 months) than those patients without BAX expression (6 months, p=0.0004). In contrast, p53 status did not influence prognosis. Patients with p16INK4A negative tumours had a significantly shorter survival (4 months) than those with p16INK4A protein expression (15 months, p=0.0001). Furthermore, the loss of p16INK4A protein expression correlated strongly with the pressure of distant and advanced lymph-node metastases. The best survival was seen in a subgroup of 20 patients with positive p16INK4A expression and intact BAX (p=0.0002). The results of the present study suggest that the loss of BAX and p16INK4A expression are independent markers for poor prognosis in nonsmall cell lung cancer. The study suggests that multimarker analysis of genes involved in apoptosis may be useful for determining individual therapy and for identifying targets for gene-replacement therapy. This should be assessed in a prospective study with a larger cohort of patients.
Evidence of blood–brain barrier dysfunction in human cerebral malaria

Patients infected with the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum may develop a diffuse reversible encephalopathy, termed cerebral malaria. It is unclear how the intraerythrocytic parasite, which sequesters in the cerebral microvasculature but does not enter the brain parenchyma, induces this neurological syndrome.