Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Construction and validation of the circumplex model of affect with English and Greek athletic samples

The circumplex model of affect holds that most emotions can be arranged in a circular fashion around the perimeter of two independent bipolar dimensions that intersect each other, namely pleasant/unpleasant and arousing/sleepy. The authors of the present study attempted to construct the circumplex model using English and Greek athletic samples, examining similarities among and differences between these cultures, and comparing the original circumplex against the models that were constructed. A mixed-model design was employed in which there was a within-subjects factor (three word-sorting tasks) and a between-subjects factor (culture). A purposive athletic sample of 128 volunteers (English, n = 60; 29 women, 31 men; Mage = 24.5 ± 5.0 years; Greek, n = 68; 23 women, 45 men; Mage = 23.2 ± 4.2 years) completed three word-sorting tasks. A software package named Kyklos was developed to facilitate the circumplex analysis. Findings provided support for the circumplex model among English and Greek athletic populations and more specifically, its pleasantness and arousal dimensions. Some concepts describing an individual's emotional or psychological state may be understood and experienced differently across such diverse cultures.
Tests of discrete symmetries and quantum coherence with neutral kaons at the KLOE-2 experiment

The KLOE-2 detector records decays of quantum-entangled pairs of neutral kaons produced in decays of phi mesons provided by the DAFNE accelerator at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Italy. This system allows for a broad range of studies of fundamental discrete symmetries including tests which are only feasible with entangled neutral mesons. This work reports on the Lorentz non-invariance and CPT violation searches with the KSKL->pi+pi-pi+pi- process in the framework of the Standard Model Extension. Moreover, status and results of quantum coherence tests with the same process are discussed. Finally, the status of ongoing direct tests of T and CPT in neutral kaon transitions is presented. For each of thereported studies, perspectives are discussed for the KLOE-2 experiment, which is presently taking data.
Synthesis and Thermal Degradation Kinetics of Poly ( methacrylamide ) / Clay Nanocomposites using Intercalated Monomer Method Monomer

Poli(metakrilamid)-montmorillonit (PMAA/Mont) nanokompozitlerinin sentezi için yeni bir yöntem başarıyla bu çalışmada uygulanmıştır. Öncelikle metakrilamid (MAA) monomeri, kil mineralinin tabakaları arasına iyon değişim tepkimesi ile yerleştirilmiştir. Montmorillonitin ara tabakalarına yerleştirilen monomer FTIR, XRD ve TGA yöntemleri ile karakterize edilmiştir. Daha sonra, farklı yüzdelerde kil içeren nanokompozitlerin hazırlanması amacıyla monomer montmorillonitin tabakaları arasında polimerleştirilmiştir. Nanokompozitlerin morfolojik ve ısıl özelliklerinin büyük oranda kil miktarına bağlı olduğu saptanmıştır. XRD ve SEM analizleri, nanokompozitlerin kil tabakalarının homojen dağılmasıyla oluşan intercalated morfolojisine sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Bozunma aktivasyon enerjisinin hesaplanması amacıyla Kissinger yöntemi kullanılmıştır. PMAA/ Mont nanokompozitlerinin aktivasyon enerjilerinin katkısız PMAA’nın aktivasyon enerjisinden daha büyük olduğu görülmüştür. Bu sonuç, kil mineralinin eklenmesi ile katkısız polimerin ısıl kararlılığının arttığını göstermektedir.
The width of the frequency channels determines stimulus-specific adaptation in the inferior colliculus of the rat

1 For years, electrophysiological, psychophysical and electroencephalographic 2 studies have tried to disentangle the neuronal basis for intensity coding and intensity 3 deviant detection. Psychophysical forward masking experiments have repeatedly 4 shown how a higher intensity sound masks the subsequent low intensity sound, but 5 electroencephalographic mismatch negativity experiments have proved that pre6 attentive deviant detection can be elicited with low intensity deviants sounds. Here we 7 did extracellular single-unit recording in the inferior colliculus (IC) of the anesthetized 8 rat to test if there is stimulus-specific adaptation (SSA) for intensity deviants. We used 9 the oddball paradigm to evaluate SSA for frequency, intensity and double deviants for 10 frequency and intensity. Thus, if we considered two sounds of the same frequency 11 where the low intensity sound presented a low probability of appearance, two scenarios 12 could arise: 1) neurons adjust to stimulus statistics by changing the dynamic range to 13 the high intensity sound or 2) SSA exists for intensity sounds and the neuron presents 14 an enhanced response for the low intensity deviant sound. Our results demonstrate that 15 there is no SSA for purely intensity deviant sounds in the IC, but the across-adaptation 16 data analysis show that SSA can be found for double deviants whenever the high 17 intensity standard present a frequency that is outside the frequency channels that code 18 for the deviant sound. Moreover, those frequency channels broaden at higher intensities 19 and are clearly narrower for neurons that show high levels of SSA, strongly suggesting 20 that the frequency-channel theory is explaining SSA in the IC. 21
Targeting HER-2 in gastric cancer – incorporation of trastuzumab into the treatment of operable disease

Correspondence: David Cunningham Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5PT, UK Tel +44 208 661 3156 Fax +44 208 661 3890 email david.cunningham@rmh.nhs. uk Abstract: Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy and second leading cause of cancer death world-wide, and is therefore a significant global health problem. Radical surgery with a D2 lymph node dissection is an accepted standard approach, and is a key component of multimodality therapy. Perioperative chemotherapy significantly improves 5-year overall survival compared with surgery alone. A significant improvement in overall survival has also been demonstrated with postoperative 5-fluorouracil-based chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant oral S-1 chemotherapy; approaches commonly used widely in North America and Japan, respectively. Approximately 10% to 20% of gastric cancers and 20% to 30% of esophago-gastric junction cancers are HER-2 positive. The effect of HER-2 overexpression and HER-2 gene amplification on gastric cancer prognosis remains unresolved. The results of the first randomized phase III trial of trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody directed at the HER-2 receptor, in patients with metastatic gastric cancer were reported recently. Response rate, median progression-free survival, and median overall survival were all significantly improved with the addition of trastuzumab to a cisplatin/fluoropyrimidine doublet. Evaluation of trastuzumab in HER-2 positive operable esophago-gastric cancer is now underway. Lapatinib, a small-molecule inhibitor targeting EGFR and HER-2 is well established in the treatment of trastuzumab-refractory HER-2 positive breast cancer and phase III trials in advanced esophago-gastric cancers are ongoing. Novel, small molecule pan-HER inhibitors have entered early phase evaluation and the antibody-drug conjugate, trastuzumab-DM1, and pertuzumab, a monoclonal antibody which prevents HER-2/ HER-3 dimerization, are currently undergoing phase II/III evaluation in breast cancer. It is our hope that advances in the targeted treatment of HER-2 positive breast cancer will be replicated in HER-2 positive esophago-gastric cancers.
Economic Analysis, Growth and Yield of Grafting Tomato Varieties for Solanum torvum as a Rootstock

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is potential vegetables to develop, because it has high economic value and has the potential to be exported. There is a decrease in tomato productivity due to unfavorable growth conditions such as bacterial wilt, fusarium wilt, high humidity, high temperature and inappropriate production technology. Grafting technology is one alternative technology. In addition to being able to control the disease in the soil, grafting is also able to increase the growth and yield of production. Besides, it is also necessary to know the economic benefits if using grafting technology. A promising eggplant rootstock for tomato grafting is Solanum torvum. S. torvum is selected as a rootstock with high compatibility. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of grafting several varieties of tomatoes with Solanum torvum as a rootstock. The experiment was conducted in Agricultural Extension Center Pare. Experimental Garden of Pare Kediri sub-district from July to early December 2016. The materials used were tomato Cervo varieties, Karina, Timoty, and Solanum torvum. Economic analysis, growth, and yield including plant height, number of leaves, percentage of disease and tomato production were used as performance measures. The study showed that grafting tomato Timoty scion with Solanum torvum as rootstock had higher production. Financially, grafting tomato Timoty and Cervo scion had higher profit about. 28,6% and 16,3% compared to Timoty and Cervo variety treatment without grafting. Keywords—Grafting technology, economic analysis, growth, yield of tomato, Solanum torvum.
Discussion of "Equilibrium Yields" by

Section 1 of this discussion reviews the analysis of Piazzesi and Schneider (2006) (hereinafter PS). Section 2 analyzes alternative preference specifications. Section 3 derives term-structure implications using standard preferences but with a fractional integrated process for the inflation rate. Section 4 concludes pointing out some statistical evidence on term-structure data that needs to be further analyzed.
Identification of dust sources and hotspots in East Asia during 2000–2015: implications for numerical modeling and forecasting

Abstract. More detailed knowledge regarding recent variations in the characteristics of East Asian dust events and dust sources can effectively improve regional dust modeling and forecasts. Here we reassess the accuracy of previous predictions of trends in dust variations in East Asia, and establish a relatively detailed inventory of dust events based on satellite observations from 2000 to 2015. More than 2000 Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images of 462 sand and dust storm events over East Asia were collected and analyzed, and individual events were tracked back to their sources through a combination of color RGB images, brightness temperature difference, and trajectory simulations using the HYSPLIT model. Decreased dust event frequency in spring but increased frequencies in summer and autumn were observed. Of the identified dust emission sources, sandy lands and lake beds, rather than the sandy and stone deserts, were found to be the dominant dust sources. Dust hotspots in East Asia are mainly dry lake and river beds and alluvial fans. Recent changes in land use associated with anthropogenic activities (mining and excessive exploitation of water resources) are revealed as one of the major factors leading to an expansion of dust source regions, especially for the northeastern part of Taklimakan desert. Trajectory analysis also shows that dust can even be transported northwards by the Mongolia Cyclone, to the Far East region and even the Arctic Circle, potentially affecting the climate and ecosystem of the Arctic region. Recent physically-based dynamic approaches adopted in dust models reduce the reliance on empirical source functions in dust modeling; however, the validity of down-scaling these schemes to regional scale needs to be further verified with "ground-truth" information as reported here.
DETECTION OF A HOT GASEOUS HALO AROUND THE GIANT SPIRAL GALAXY NGC 1961

Hot gaseous halos are predicted around all large galaxies and are critically important for our understanding of galaxy formation, but they have never been detected at distances beyond a few kpc around a spiral galaxy. We used the ACIS-I instrument on board Chandra to search for diffuse X-ray emission around an ideal candidate galaxy: the isolated giant spiral NGC 1961. We observed four quadrants around the galaxy for 30 ks each, carefully subtracting background and point-source emission, and found diffuse emission that appears to extend to 40–50 kpc. We fit β-models to the emission and estimate a hot halo mass within 50 kpc of 5 × 109 M☉. When this profile is extrapolated to 500 kpc (the approximate virial radius), the implied hot halo mass is 1–3 × 1011 M☉. These mass estimates assume a gas metallicity of Z = 0.5 Z☉. This galaxy's hot halo is a large reservoir of gas, but falls significantly below observational upper limits set by pervious searches, and suggests that NGC 1961 is missing 75% of its baryons relative to the cosmic mean, which would tentatively place it below an extrapolation of the baryon Tully–Fisher relationship of less massive galaxies. The cooling rate of the gas is no more than 0.4 M☉ yr−1, more than an order of magnitude below the gas consumption rate through star formation. We discuss the implications of this halo for galaxy formation models.
A study on the perceptions and efficacy towards inclusive practices of teacher trainees

This paper presents a study on the implicit dimensions that influence teacher agency and is aimed at investigating the teachers’ sentiments, attitudes, concerns and perceived levels of efficacy to implement inclusive practices. The sample comprised in two groups: the first included 221 pre-service teachers undergoing training to teach in secondary schools and the second were 131 in-service teachers following a course to obtain the learning support teachers’ warrant. The TEIP and the SACIE-R scales were administered to conduct the study. Results showed that the future learning support teachers had generally higher scores than the pre-service teachers. The positive attitude of the former group towards inclusive practices, however, seemed not to be linked to their greater teaching experience but more likely to the characteristics of their course of education.
I Don’t Know. The Effect of Question Polarity on No-opinion Answers

A new type of political attitude survey that has gained popularity in Europe and in the United States is the voting advice application (VAA). VAAs provide users with a voting advice based on their answers to a set of attitude questions. In the calculation of this advice, no-opinion answers are excluded. We tested the hypothesis that negative VAA questions lead to more no-opinion answers than their positive equivalents. In a field experiment, visitors (N=41,505) of a VAA developed for the municipality of Utrecht in the Netherlands, were randomly guided to one of the versions of the tool in which the polarity of 16 questions was manipulated. Results do not show an overall effect of question polarity. This overall null finding appears to be caused by contrasting effects for two subtypes of negative questions: Explicit negatives (e.g. not allow) yield more no-opinion answers than their positive counterparts (e.g. allow) do, while the reverse holds for implicit negatives (e.g. forbid).
Worth the risk? Terrorism-induced fear of flying

Se realizaron dos experimentos bi-nacionales con respecto a las respuestas emocionales y conductuales a un plan terrorista contra vuelos comerciales, examinando ambas cosas: sentimientos y proyectos de accion. Los estudios emplearon escenarios hipoteticos en los que los terroristas atacaron los aviones con misiles disparados desde el hombro, ya que estaban aterrizando o despegando desde un aeropuerto internacional. Los escenarios fueron construidos alrededor de dos variables factoriales cruzadas, cada uno con tres niveles: (1) los anuncios o acciones del gobierno (2) norma social, expresada como la variacion en la venta de billetes de avion. Cada encuestado leyo un cuestionario que contenia solo uno de los nueve escenarios. El experimento 1 se realizo en Espana y California (n = 360, 50% mujeres), el experimento 2 en Israel y California (n = 504, 50% mujeres). En ambos estudios, el miedo y los planes de vuelo no fueron diferencialmente afectados por la respuesta gubernamental o la norma social. Las mujeres expresaron mas miedo que los hombres. El experimento 1 examino el proposito del viaje. La mayoria de los encuestados no cambiarian un vuelo planeado para asistir a la boda de un amigo cercano o para una importante entrevista de trabajo, pero un numero considerable de participantes podrian posponer unas vacaciones o ir en coche a un lugar diferente. El experimento 2 conto con la escalada de los ataques. Estas aumentaron el temor y la cantidad de viajes cancelados. En ambos estudios, las respuestas fueron similares en todos los paises a pesar de las diferencias nacionales y la experiencia directa con el terrorismo.
The Oxygenated Biomarker as an Indicator of Origin and Maturity of Miocene Brown Coal, Sangatta Coal Mines, East Kalimantan

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5. 2.107-116 The Middle to Late Miocene brown coal extracted from Inul area, Sangatta coal mines, East Kalimantan, was studied to recognize the distribution of ketone and acid biomarkers. Samples were extracted using soxhlet method and separated by column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. Acetylation of acid fractions by BF3/MeOH produced an ester compound which is an acid derivative. The distributions of fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The distributions of ketones included compounds in n-alkan-2-one, amyrin-derived ketone, and friedeline derivatives as well as olean-13(18)-en-3-one with oleanane skeleton. Distributions of fatty acids included compounds in the range from n-methylhexadecanoate (n-C16) to n-methyltriacontanoate (n-C30) with dominating compounds from n-methylhexadecanoate (n-C16) to n-methyldococanoate (n-C22). The most obvious feature is predominance of compounds with even-over-odd-carbon-atom-number in a molecule, which come from vascular plant fatty acids. The distributions of these biomarker compounds are used as an indicator of higher plant and oxic depositional environment, as well as the involvement of bacteria in diagenesis stage which indicates immature coals.
Molecular assemblies observed by atomic force microscopy

We use time-lapse AFM to visualize collagen fibrils self-assembly. A solution of acid-solubilized collagen was injected into the AFM fluid cell and fibril formation was observed in vitro. Single fibrils continuously grew and fused with each other until the supporting surface was completely covered by a nanoscopically well-defined collagen matrix. Laterally, the fibrils grew in steps of ~4 nm suggesting a two-step mechanism. In a first step, collagen molecules associated together. In the second step, these molecules rearranged into a structure called a microfibril. High-resolution AFM topographs revealed substructural details of the D-band architecture. These substructures correlated well with those revealed from positively stained collagen fibers imaged by transmission electron microscopy. Secondly, a covalent assembly approach to prepare membrane protein for AFM imaging that avoids crystallization was proposed. High-resolution AFM topographs can reveal structural details of single membrane proteins but, as a prerequisite, the proteins must be adsorbed to atomically flat mica and densely packed in a membrane to restrict their lateral mobility. Atomically flat gold, engineered proteins, and chemically modified lipids were combined to rapidly assemble immobile and fully oriented samples. The resulting AFM topographs of single membrane proteins were used to create averaged structures with a resolution approaching that of 2D crystals. Finally, the contribution of specific amino acid residues to the stability of membrane proteins was studied. Two structurally similar proteins sharing only 30% sequence identity were compared. Single-molecule atomic force microscopy and spectroscopy was used to detect molecular interactions stabilizing halorhodopsin (HR) and bacteriorhodopsin (BR). Their unfolding pathways and polypeptide regions that established stable segments were compared. Both proteins unfolded exactly via the same intermediates. This 3 Molecular Assemblies observed by AFM observation implies that these stabilizing regions result from comprehensive contacts of all amino acids within them and that different amino acid compositions can establish structurally indistinguishable energetic barriers. However, one additional unfolding barrier located in a short segment of helix E was detected for HR. This barrier correlated with a Pi-bulk interaction, which locally disrupts helix E and divides into two stable segments.
Molecular genetic approaches to the study of early sex determination in the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata

In Ceratitis capitata, noto dittero dannoso all’agricoltura, la determinazione del sesso e controllata da un gene chiave, Cctransformer (Cctra) che durante l’embriogenesi e attivo negli embrioni XX e viene spento a 8-10 ore negli XY grazie all’attivita del fattore M Y-linked, determinante la mascolinita. Il gene Cctra negli embrioni XX codifica una proteina che regola lo splicing dei pre-mRNA sia del medesimo Cctra, che di Ccdoublesex e Ccfruitless, (Ccdsx di Ccfru). Negli embrioni XY i trascritti maschio-specifici di Cctra codificano per una proteina tronca non funzionale, e Ccdsx e Ccfru, producono trascritti alternativi, codificanti isoforme proteiche maschio-specifiche, che agiscono come fattori trascrizionali di geni bersaglio coinvolti nel controllo del differenziamento sessuale visibile a stadio adulto della mosca. In Drosophila melanogaster il differente segnale primario per la determinazione del sesso, che consiste nel numero di cromosomi X (2X nelle femmine e un X nei maschi) agisce invece sul gene Sex-lethal, che a sua volta agisce sul gene transformer, il quale controlla lo splicing dei geni doublesex e fruitless. La cascata regolativa di Drosophila e quindi parzialmente conservata in Ceratitis. Il progetto di tesi di dottorato e stato focalizzato sulla identificazione di geni di Ceratitis che abbiano espressione maschio-specifica o maggiore nei maschi XY a stadi embrionali precoci dello sviluppo. Questo studio sperimentale e stato condotto al fine di identificare il gene M Y-linked e chiarire quindi come funziona l’inizio della determinazione del sesso in Ceratitis, ma anche al fine di isolare altri geni che collaborino con M, o che siano regolati da M, durante l’embriogenesi delgi XY. Abbiamo identificato il primo gene Y-linked in Ceratitis che risulta essere trascrizionalmente attivo a stadi precoci dell’embriogenesi (1-2 ore dalla ovodeposizione) e ne abbiamo iniziato a studiare le regioni promotrici. Abbiamo condotto esperimenti di sottrazione molecolare e in tal modo abbiamo identificato 11 geni di Ceratitis che risultano maggiormente espressi in embrioni XY rispetto agli XX ad 8-10 dalla ovodeposizione.