Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fixed point theorems for certain classes of semigroups of mappings

Fixed point theorems for commuting semigroups of self-mappings are considered in this paper. A generalization of the classical Markov-Kakutani theorem is first given. This is followed by a fixed point theorem for commutative semigroups of continuous asymptotically-nonexpansive self-mappings on a weakly compact, convex subset of a strictly convex Banach space. The Markov-Kakutani theorem [8], [7] asserts the existence of a common fixed point of a semigroup S of continuous affine self-mappings on a compact convex subset of a Hausdorff linear topological space. It is shown that the conclusion of this theorem holds with a weaker assumption. While no element of 9 need be affine, it is sufficient to guarantee the existence of a common fixed point when 9 is continuous and asymptotically-affine. This result also gives some additional information on the location of the common fixed point. In the case when the space in question is Banach, De Marr [2] has obtained a similar result for nonexpansive mappings. This result is further generalized by Holmes [4] (cf. also [5]) to the case when 9 is continuous and asymptoticallynonexpansive. All these results concern self-mappings on a compact convex subset of a Banach space. A fixed point theorem for a commutative semigroup of continuous asymptotically-nonexpansive self-mappings on a weakly compact, convex subset of a strictly convex Banach space is also obtained. For weakly compact convex subsets with normal structure, this result also provides some additional information on its location. Under these conditions, the centre (in the sense of Brodskiï and Milman [1]) of the closed convex hull of the orbit of a certain point is such a fixed point. A similar result is obtained in the case when the convex subset in question is compact (cf. Holmes' result mentioned above which merely asserts the existence of a common fixed point). A counterexample is included to show that when strict convexity is deleted, the conclusion of this result concerning the location of the existing fixed point no longer holds. Received by the editors November 21, 1971. AMS (A/OS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 47H10.
Fishery, population characteristics and yield estimates ofcoastal tunas at Veraval

The fishery, population characteristics and yield estimates of coastal tunas Thunnus tonggol, Euthynnus affinis and Auxis thazard at Veraval were studied during 2003 – 2006. The average annual catch was 731 t, which contributed to 28% to the total gillnet catches. The main species of tunas landed were T. tonggol (46.8%), E. affinis (17.5%), Thunnus albacares (6.4%) and A. thazard (5.2%). E. affinis and A. thazard exhibited isometric growth but for T. tonggol it was allometric. The von Bertalanffy growth equation was Lt = 107.4 [1 – e - 0.18 (t + 0.0729)] for T. tonggol, Lt = 72.5 [1 – e - 0.56 (t + 0.0327)] for E. affinis and Lt = 46.6 [1 – e - 0.93 (t + 0.0153)] for A. thazard. The mortality rates M, F and Z for T. tonggol were 0.4, 0.72 and 1.12 respectively, while for E. affinis and A. thazard, the values were 0.94, 1.48 and 0.75 and 4.49, 1.69 and 5.97, respectively. The exploitation ratios for T. tonggol, E. affinis and A. thazard were 0.64, 0.44 and 0.75 respectively. The higher exploitation rate and lower MSY in T. tonggol and A. thazard was an indication of intensive fishing and overexploitation of these speceis. But for E. affinis, the exploitation rate was low and MSY was high indicating further scope for exploitation. Reducing the present fishing effort by 40%, maximum relative yield was realized for T. tonggol and A. thazard but for E. affinis, increasing the fishing effort by 80% provided the maximum relative yield.
Towards Complexity for Quantum Field Theory States

Shira Chapman, ∗ Michal P. Heller, † Hugo Marrochio, 3, ‡ and Fernando Pastawski 2, § Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics, Potsdam-Golm, D-14476, Germany Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, D-14195, Germany
Multiple-Trait estimation of genetic parameters of yield traits of dairy cattle in Tunisia using an animal Model

A Markov Chain Monte Carlo Bayesian analysis was used on Tunisian dairy cattle data. Data included 14069 lactation records collected from 7139 animals over 16 freshening years from 1997 to 2013. The used model included fixed effects (herd-year, month of calving, and age-parity), a permanent effect, additive genetic effect, and a residual effect. (Co)-variance components were estimated by Bayesian methods. Gibbs Sampling was used to obtain conditional posterior distributions for additive, permanent environmental and residual variances and other genetic parameters. The variance of the residual effects represents the highest average between the three variance components, which is in the vicinity of 1493600 25031, 1833.4 29.391, and 1368.2 22.074, for milk, fat, and protein yields, respectively. Posterior means of heritability were 0.153 0.018, 0.11 0.014, and 0.13  0.016 for the same traits, respectively. Posterior means of repeatability were in the range of 0.342 0.011, 0.252 0.011, and 0.31 0.01 for milk, fat, and protein yields, respectively. The largest genetic correlation (0.94) was observed between milk and protein yields . These results should be useful to implement genetic evaluation for the Tunisian Holstein population. However, results also indicate that there should be additional focus on data recording quality.
Feedback boundary stabilization of 2d fluid-structure interaction systems

We study the feedback stabilization of a system composed by an incompressible viscous fluid and a deformable structure located at the boundary of the fluid domain. We stabilize the position and the velocity of the structure and the velocity of the fluid around a stationary state by means of a Dirichlet control, localized on the exterior boundary of the fluid domain and with values in a finite dimensional space. Our result concerns weak solutions for initial data close to the stationary state. Our method is based on general arguments for stabilization of nonlinear parabolic systems combined with a change of variables to handle the fact that the fluid domain of the stationary state and of the stabilized solution are different. We prove that for initial data close to the stationary state, we can stabilize the position and the velocity of the deformable structure and the velocity of the fluid.
Facilitation of Reproductive Synchrony by Gestation Adjustment in Gregarious Mammals: A New Hypothesis

Among gregarious, placental mammals, breeding synchrony usually occurs by adjustment of the timing of estrus, not births, and it has been suspected that the former process governs synchronized parturition. Gestation length data gathered on wild plains bison (Bison bison) over a 5-yr period demonstrate: (1) females in good body condition who were mated after the seasonal peak shortened gestation by - 6 d, synchronizing births with other females; (2) no similar adjustments occurred among females in poor condition; and (3) those females that shortened gestation incurred a cost because their neonates were, on average, - 20 kg lighter when 6 mo old. Reproductive synchrony may also be achieved by a less radical tactic; unmated females use olfactory cues to explore the status of other females prior to their own estrus but not after. These data suggest that there is adaptive variation in gestation length in bison cows in good condition and that assumptions about the constancy of gestation are unwarranted.
Comparison of Two Radiographic Lumbar Spine Screening Protocols for the Detection of Abnormalities in Special Forces Candidates

Background: Medical screening for Special Forces (SF) has significant implications on operational competency of the soldiers. Two lumbar spine defects, spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis, are currently disqualifying from joining the SF in the Israeli Defense Force. Purpose: To evaluate the yield of four lumbar x-ray compared with two lumbar x-ray for the diagnosis of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis. Design: Retrospective comparison of the diagnostic yield of the two modalities. Patient sample: Special forces unit candidates undergoing routine x-ray for the diagnosis of spinal defects. Outcome measures: The rate of diagnosis of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis between the two groups. Methods: We retrospectively compared two lumbar spine radiographic screening protocols regarding the rate of diagnosis for disqualifying spinal defects in asymptomatic candidates for SF. All radiographs were obtained as part of a routine medical evaluation for SF. Results: 1026 candidates were examined with two lumbar spine radiographs (Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral). 338 candidates were examined with four lumbar radiographs (AP, lateral and oblique radiographs). Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis were diagnosed at a significantly higher rate in the four-radiograph group than in the two-radiograph group (2.66%, 1.77% vs. 1.26%, 0.39% respectively, P = 0.003). Conclusions: Adding two oblique radiographs to the screening process of elite units candidates significantly increases the rate of diagnosis of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis.
Investigation of buckling of double-walled carbon nanotubes embedded in an elastic medium using the energy method

Elastic buckling of a long double-walled carbon nanotube embedded in an elastic medium and subjected to a far-field hydrostatic pressure is analyzed using the energy method. The study is on the basis of elastic-shell models at nano-scale, and the effect of van der Waals forces on the buckling is considered. The double-walled carbon nanotube is assumed to be thin and the tube is taken to be perfectly bonded to the surrounding medium. Both normal and shear stresses at the outer tube-medium interface are included. The difference between the Poisson’s ratio of the tube and that of the elastic medium is taken into account. An expression is derived relating the external pressure to the buckling mode number, from which the critical pressure can be obtained. As a result, the critical pressure is dependent on the inner radius-to-thickness ratio, the material parameters of the elastic medium, and the van der Waals force. r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effects of Ventricular Septal Defect on Childrens Growth Pattern inSlemani Pediatric Teaching Hospital

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) is the most common cardiac malformation accounting for 25% of congenital heart disease. The size of the left to right shunt is determined by; physical size of the VSD and level of pulmonary vascular resistance. Big VSD can lead to heart failure, which will increase the tissue hypoxia and the possibility of chest infections and growth failure.
PROPERTIES OF RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE

Following an example of the world's great powers that developed the recycling industry after natural disasters and wars, the paper points to the possibility of using large quantities of construction and demolition waste, generated as a result of the recent floods in the B&H and Serbia. Based on the years of extensive experimental research, and the research conducted by eminent experts, an overview is provided of the most basic properties and application of recycled aggregate concrete. It has been shown that the application of coarse recycled concrete aggregate, as the component materials in the concrete mixtures, it is possible to produce structural concrete that can be satisfactory and even with high quality, which primarily depends on the characteristics of crushed demolished concrete.
Laboratory Experiments on the Low-temperature Formation of Carbonaceous Grains in the ISM

The life cycle of cosmic dust grains is far from being understood and the origin and evolution of interstellar medium (ISM) grains is still under debate. In the ISM, the cosmic dust destruction rate is faster than the production rate by stellar sources. However, observations of ISM refractory matter suggest that to maintain a steady amount of cosmic grains, some supplementary production mechanism takes place. In this context, we aimed to study possible reformation mechanisms of cosmic grains taking place at low temperature directly in the ISM. The low-temperature condensation of carbonaceous materials has been investigated in experiments mimicking the ISM conditions. Gas-phase carbonaceous precursors created by laser ablation of graphite were forced to accrete on cold substrates (T ≈ 10 K) representing surviving dust grains. The growing and evolution of the condensing carbonaceous precursors have been monitored by MIR and UV spectroscopy under a number of experimental scenarios. For the first time, the possibility to form ISM carbonaceous grains in situ is demonstrated. The condensation process is governed by carbon chains that first condense into small carbon clusters and finally into more stable carbonaceous materials, of which structural characteristics are comparable to the material formed in gas-phase condensation experiments at very high temperature. We also show that the so-formed fullerene-like carbonaceous material is transformed into a more ordered material under VUV processing. The cold condensation mechanisms discussed here can give fundamental clues to fully understand the balance between the timescale for dust injection, destruction, and reformation in the ISM.
Vegetation Colonization in a Restoring Tidal Marsh: A Remote Sensing Approach

Although remote sensing offers the ability to monitor wetland restoration, few have tested automated methods for quantifying vegetation change. We implemented a semiautomated technique using color infrared aerial photography and a common vegetation index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), to document vegetation colonization in a restoring salt marsh. Change in vegetation over a period of 10 years was analyzed using a postclassification comparison technique where each image year was classified individually into vegetated and nonvegetated areas using NDVI thresholds and then differenced between years to identify areas of vegetation change. Vegetated and nonvegetated areas were identified using this technique, as were areas and time periods of vegetation change. By comparing classified NDVI imagery, we calculated that 90% of our study site was vegetated 10 years after restoration. This study demonstrated that high‐resolution remotely sensed data can be analyzed with common geospatial software to monitor change in a rapidly vegetating wetland and that long time frames with yearly image acquisition are needed to quantify plant colonization rates. This method was effective at detecting change in vegetation over time in a variable tidal marsh environment using imagery that had inconsistent specifications and quality across years. Inconsistencies included interannual climate variation, phenology, and presence of algae, as well as differences in pixel size and image brightness. Our findings indicate that remote sensing is useful for postrestoration monitoring of tidal marsh ecosystems.
Off-state leakage current reduction in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors by combining surface treatment and post-gate annealing

We report on the reduction of off-state leakage current in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) by a two-step process combining pre-gate surface treatment and post-gate annealing (PGA), which suppressed the two leakage paths, namely, lateral surface leakage and vertical tunneling leakage, separately. The lateral surface leakage current, which was mainly induced by the high-density trap states generated during the device isolation etching process, was significantly reduced by a low power O2-plasma and HCl surface treatment process. The PGA process reduced the vertical tunneling leakage current by improving the Schottky contact quality of the transistor gate. Consequently, the device off-state leakage current was decreased by about 7 orders of magnitude and no degradation was introduced to the on-state performance, leading to a high on/off current ratio of 1010 and steep subthreshold slope (SS) of 62 mV/dec. The origin and leakage suppression mechanisms are also investigated and discussed in detail.
Cross-Modular Parallels in the Study of Phon and Phi

As the variety of papers in this volume makes apparent, φ-features are relevant to many different domains of the grammar: syntax, semantics, morphology, pragmatics. Conspicuously absent from this list is phonology. In the current paper, I wish to discuss the underlying unity of processes affecting φ-features in different domains of the grammar, and I will argue that operations performed on φ-features in the syntax, in the morphology, and even in the pragmatics strongly parallel operations performed on articulatory features in the phonology. Below, I will consider two main case studies. The first (section 2) concerns the Person Case Constraint, which bans various clitic/agreement combinations. Although widely attested crosslinguistically, the constraint is subject to variation; for instance, some languages permit the clitic combination you + to me, whereas others ban it. I propose that the full scope of variation can be captured in the same way that variation between systems of vowel harmony is captured in phonology. This leads to the claim that Agree is parameterized to be sensitive to all feature-values, or to marked ones, or to contrastive ones. The second (section 3) concerns the ways in which the realization of φ-features can deviate from what is straightforwardly expected. Close inspection reveals that the morphology can simplify complex φ-bundles by, for instance, deleting some features or by splitting the entire bundle. Interestingly, not only do these same operations affect articulatory features in the phonology, but they act under the same circumstances, namely, when feature bundles, or combinations of feature bundles, are excessively marked. Finally, some pragmatically surprising uses of the first person inclusive are discussed in section 4. These uses involve symbolic effacement either of speaker or of hearer and show that feature deletion can have interpretative correlates.
Dutiful citizen or a pragmatic professional? Voluntary retirement of Icelandic local councillors

This article explores the working conditions of Icelandic local councillors in relation to voluntary retirement from the council. In the past three elections, the turnover in councils has been very high, with approximately six out of every 10 council members being new recruits at the beginning of each term. The turnover has also highlighted possible gender issues, as more women than men (proportionally) leave the council after their first term. The findings reveal a significant difference between the councillors who plan to stay and those who opt to leave. This is in relation to the local authorities’ population size, satisfaction with remuneration, and seniority in the council. Thus, councillors in larger municipalities or councillors satisfied with their remuneration are more likely to run for council versus councillors from smaller municipalities and those less happy with their remuneration. Seniority is also a decisive factor, as the majority of all councillors leave after the first term. Significant differences were not found between the female and male councillors in relation to voluntary retirement. However, gendered differences were found in relation to institutional position and working conditions, suggesting a gender-based division of labour in local councils.
Beyond the Sex Doll: Post-Human Companionship and the Rise of the 'Allodoll'

The increasing market for realistic sex dolls has led to heated debate about future relationships with these entities and whether they could lead to an increasing objectification of women or possibly encourage abuse. However, limited academic research has been carried out on the topic, and little is known about the motivations and experiences of those who purchase and use sex dolls. Therefore, we conducted a mixed methods study of 83 participants, accessed through online doll forums, who completed a 22-item, semi-structured questionnaire. The majority were heterosexual, white, employed, middle-aged males; just over half were not in a current relationship, and approximately half lived alone. A thematic analysis revealed a high prevalence of non-sexual, post-human companionship dynamics between dolls and their owners, as well as reservations by doll owners about future robotic developments. In light of these findings, we suggest a new term, ‘allodoll’, which more accurately reflects the broader, non-sexual relationships of these doll owners, and could broaden the scope of future research. Although sex doll forums may be biased towards certain types of doll users, our findings may allay some of the fears of the more detrimental consequences of sex doll use.
Multiple stock identification approaches of anglerfish ( Lophius piscatorius and L . budegassa ) in western and southern European waters

Anglerfish, Lophius piscatorius and L. budegassa, are valuable commercial species distributed throughout the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean. This paper examines multiple information (genetic, morphometric, meristic, growth and mark-recapture) on stock structure of anglerfish species from western and southern European waters, to evaluate the suitability of current stocks units (northern and southern). For both anglerfish species, genetic structure showed significant heterogeneity observed mainly between geographically close population in L. piscatorius. More than 98% of the total genetic variation is attributable to differences within populations in both species, which suggest high gene flow within populations. On the other hand, the proportion of total genetic variation between stocks was relatively small. Morphometric characters allowed an acceptable discrimination of samples from certain areas, but not from stocks as a whole. Differences in the growth parameters between stocks was significant, although uncertainties in the ageing criteria diminished the utility of this approach. Tag-recapture experiments proved displacements of anglerfish going through the boundaries of the two stocks. Combined data from genetic, morphometric, growth and tag-recapture studies provide indications that the current geographic separation between the northern and southern stocks is not supported and suggest the existence of discreteness populations along the study area. Given the repercussion of the results in the assessment and management of the two species in the area, more research to improve our understanding of anglerfish stock structure is required.
Role of Territorial Government in the Development of Agriculture and Non-Agricultural Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas

The main objective of the research is to evaluate the significance of gmina local government in the field of agriculture and non-agricultural activity development in rural areas. To achieve this, questionnaires were designed and rural areas inhabitants were interviewed. The interviewees were farmers and entrepreneurs of non-agricultural business activity from rural areas of south-east Poland. The survey was carried out in 2007 and was directed to a randomly selected sample of 856 farmers — owners of individual farms — and among them there were 182 farmers - entrepreneurs. The analysis concentrated on activities of local government units realizedfor local development, in particular those supporting agriculture and non-agricultural entrepreneurship in rural areas. On the basis of the information gathered, we also attempted to determine those activities of local government that shall be intensified or taken in order to better use local resources for the development of rural areas and agriculture itself.