Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spectral analysis and resolving spatial ambiguities in human sound localization

This dissertation provides an overview of my research over the last five years into the spectral analysis involved in human sound localization. The work involved conducting psychophysical tests of human auditory localization performance and then applying analytical techniques to analyze and explain the data. It is a fundamental thesis of this work that human auditory localization response directions are primarily driven by the auditory localization cues associated with the acoustic filtering properties of the external auditory periphery, i.e., the head, torso, shoulder, neck, and external ears. This work can be considered as composed of three parts. In the first part of this work, I compared the auditory localization performance of a human subject and a time-delay neural network model under three sound conditions: broadband, high-pass, and low-pass. A “black-box” modeling paradigm was applied. The modeling results indicated that training the network to localize sounds of varying center-frequency and bandwidth could degrade localization performance results in a manner demonstrating some similarity to human auditory localization performance. As the data collected during the network modeling showed that humans demonstrate striking localization errors when tested using bandlimited sound stimuli, the second part of this work focused on human sound localization of bandpass filtered noise stimuli. Localization data was collected from 5 subjects and for 7 sound conditions: 300 Hz to 5 kHz, 300 Hz to 7 kHz, 300 Hz to 10 kHz, 300 Hz to 14 kHz, 3 to 8 kHz, 4 to 9 kHz, and 7 to 14 kHz. The localization results were analyzed using the method of cue similarity indices developed by Middlebrooks (1992). The data indicated that the energy level in relatively wide frequency bands could be driving the localization response directions, just as in Butler’s covert peak area model (see Butler and Musicant, 1993). The question was then raised as to whether the energy levels in the various frequency bands, as described above, are most likely analyzed by the human auditory localization
Prosodic Aids to Speech Recognition. 4. A General Strategy for Prosodically-Guided Speech Understanding

Abstract : A strategy is outlined for acoustic aspects of speech recognition, whereby prosodic features are used to detect boundaries between phrases, then stressed syllables are located within each constituent, and a partial distinctive features analysis is done within stressed syllables. Analysis of phonetic recognition results by several research groups showed that automatic phone categorization is much more accurate in stressed syllables. Prosodic features appear to be potentially useful for providing cues to sentence type, syntactic bracketing, occurrences of coordination and subordination, and specific semantic structures. Preliminary acoustic analyses are then followed by an analysis-by-synthesis strategy.
İSTATİKSEL NORMALİZASYON TEKNİKLERİNİN YAPAY SİNİR AĞIN PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ

Son yillarda, yapay sinir aglari pek cok alanda uygulanan ve uzerinde en cok arastirma yapilan yontemlerden birisidir. Yapay sinir ag teknikleri karmasik ve dogrusal olmayan modellerde etkilidir. YSA arastirmalari; siniflandirma, optimizasyon, tahmin, sekil tanima, modelleme ve ogrenme gibi bircok alanda kullanilmaktadir. Bu calismada yapay sinir aglarinin genel yapisi ve calisma mimarisi tanitilmistir. Uygulama kisminda yapay sinir aglari ile Adana ili icin hava sicaklik tahmini yapilmistir. Cesitli istatiksel normalizasyon teknikleri ogrenme yontemleri ile birlikte kullanilmistir. Sonuc olarak; yapay sinir aglarinin ogrenme ve veri normalizasyon teknikleri ile gelecegi tahmin etmede basariyla kullanilabilecegi ortaya konulmustur.
Les scorpaenidae de l'Atlantique et de la méditerranée. première note. le genre scorpaena

Les representants de la famille des Scorpenides dans l'Atlantique et la Mediterranee ont toujours donne lieu a de nombreuses discussions au sujet de leurs affinites reciproques. A l'epoque encore recente ou le nombre des especes connues des cotes de France etait encore tres reduit, la place dans tel ou tel genre d'especes telles que Helicolenus (Sebastes) dactylopterus DELAROCHE ou Scorpaena maderensis Cuvier et Valenciennes, par exemple, ont provoque des series d'articles ou les conclusions des auteurs successifs n'etaient pas toujours concordantes, et aujourd'hui encore la lumiere est loin d'etre faite sur bien des points. Les difficultes que l'on rencontre dans la determination des Scorpenides : grande ressemblance generale, differences parfois difficiles a saisir, impossibilite de comparer les echantillons d'etude aux types, obligation de se contenter de descriptions incompletes . ou mal interpretees, ont trop souvent entraine les chercheurs a des determinations trop hâtives ayant comme resultats : de compliquer la synonymie et de fausser plus ou moins completement les donnees acquises sur la biogeographie d'une espece. C'est ainsi que la Scorpene appelee Scorpaena rubellio par JORDAN et GUNN (Il est consideree comme synonyme de S. maderensis Cuvier Valenciennes par J. R. NORMAN (2), et de S. porcus Linne par H. W. FOWLER (3). De meme l'extension de l'aire de dispersion de S. scrofa en Guinee, au Niger et a Sainte-Helene, est due a des confusions avec des especes differentes telles que S. stephanica, S. angolensis et S. scrofina. (OCR non controle)
Principles of grammar & learning

"Principles of Grammar and Learning" is concerned with the nature of linguistic competence and with the cognitive structures underlying its acquisition and use. During the past several decades many linguists and psychologists have come to the conclusion that genetically determined categories and principles specific to language are needed to account for the form and acquisition of grammatical systems. William O'Grady argues here for quite a different conclusion, proposing that adequate grammars can be constructed from a conceptual base not specific to language. To support this thesis, O'Grady develops a well-articulated, single level, categorial-type grammar that he uses to analyze syntactic categories, extraction, anaphora, extraposition, and quantifier placement in English and other languages. He shows that such grammars can be constructed via general learning strategies from notions such as dependency, adjacency, precedence, and continuity, and that the available acquisition data points to the emergence of the principles he proposes. While exploratory, this book provides one of the few serious attempts to develop a theory of grammar and learning that does not posit faculty-specific innate principles. "Principles of Grammar and Learning "is an exemplary attempt to bring together issues and data from syntactic theory, language acquisition, and the more general study of the human mind.
Multi-Observation Continuous Density Hidden Markov Models for Anomaly Detection in Full Motion Video

Abstract : An increase in sensors on the battlefield produces an abundance of collected data that overwhelms the processing capability of the DoD. Automated Visual Surveillance (AVS) seeks to use machines to better exploit increased sensor data, such as by highlighting anomalies. In this thesis, we apply AVS to overhead Full Motion Video (FMV). We seek to automate the classification of soldiers in a simulated combat scenario into their agent types. To this end, we use Multi-Dimensional Continuous Density Hidden Markov Models (MOCDHMMs), a form of HMM which models a training dataset more precisely than simple HMMs. MOCDHMMs are theoretically developed but thinly applied in literature. We discover and correct three errors which occur in HMM algorithms when applied to MOCDHMMs but not when applied to simple HMMs. We offer three fixes to the errors and show analytically why they work. To show the fixes effective, we conduct experiments on three datasets: two pilot experiment datasets and a simulated combat scenario dataset. The modified MOCDHMM algorithm gives statistically significant improvement over the standard MOCDHMM: 5% improvement in accuracy for the pilot datasets and 3% for the combat scenario dataset. In addition, results suggest that increasing the number of hidden states in an MOCDHMM classifier increases the separability of the classes but also increases classifier bias. Furthermore, we find that classification based on tracked position alone is possible and that MOCDHMM classifiers are highly resistant to noise in their training data.
Genetic sequence alignment on a supercomputing platform

Genetic sequence alignment is an important tool for researchers. It lets them see the differences and similarities between two genetic sequences. This is used in several fields, like homology research, auto immune disease research and protein shape estimation. There are various algorithms that can perform this task and several hardware platforms suitable to deliver the necessary computation power. Given the large volume of the datasets used, throughput is nowadays the major bottleneck in sequence alignment. In this thesis we discuss some of the existing solutions for high throughput genetic sequence alignment and present a new one. Our solution implements the well known Smith-Waterman optimal local alignment algorithm on the HC-1 hybrid supercomputer from Convey Computer. This platform features four FPGAs which can be used to accelerate the problem in question. The FPGAs, and the CPU that controls them, live in the same virtual memory space and share one large memory. We developed a hardware description for the FPGAs and a software program for the CPU. Some focus points were: a sustainable peak performance, being able to align sequences of any length, FPGA area efficient computations and the cancellation of unnecessary workload. The result is a Smith-Waterman FPGA core that can run at 100\% utilization for many alignments long. They are packed per six on a FPGA running on 150 MHz, which results in a full system performance of 460 GCUPS (billion elementary operations per second). Our elementary processing element can deliver double the work per clock cycle than a naive implementation, resulting in a better throughput per area ratio. At a system level a notable amount of workload is cancelled. It is the most flexible implementation we are aware of . We re-evaluate the use of FPGAs for accelerating Smith-Waterman and conclude that they will continue to be a good choice per dollar and per watt, as long as we narrow the problem space.
Communicating Affective Meaning from Software to Wetware Through the Medium of Digital Art

Communicating Affective Meaning from Software to Wetware Through the Medium of Digital Art R. David Norton Department of Computer Science, BYU Doctor of Philosophy Computational creativity is a new and developing field of artificial intelligence concerned with computational systems that either autonomously produce original and functional products, or that augment the ability of humans to do so. As the role of computers in our daily lives is continuing to expand, the need for such systems is becoming increasingly important. We introduce and document the development of a new “creative” system, called DARCI (Digital ARtist Communicating Intention), that is designed to autonomously create novel artistic images that convey linguistic concepts to the viewer. Within the scope of this work, the system becomes capable of creating non-photorealistic renderings of existing image compositions so that they convey the semantics of given adjectives. Ultimately, we show that DARCI is capable of producing surprising artifacts that are competitive, in some ways, with those produced by human artists. As with the development of any “creative” system, we are faced with the challenges of incorporating the philosophies of creativity into the design of the system, assessing the system’s creativity, overcoming technical shortcomings of extant modern algorithms, and justifying the system within its creative domain (in this case, visual art). In meeting these challenges with DARCI, we demonstrate three broad contributions of the system: 1) the contribution to the field of computational creativity in the form of an original system, new approaches to achieving autonomy in creative systems, and new practical assessment methods; 2) the contribution to the field of computer vision in the form of new image features for affective image annotation and a new dataset; and 3) the contribution to the domain of visual art in the form of mutually beneficial collaborations and participation in several art galleries and exhibits.
Decision-making Tasks in Computer-mediated Communication (CMC)

This article reviews the use of decision-making tas ks to trigger interaction in CMC. It argues that th ese tasks promote communicative competence across diffe rent CMC modes. It finally reiterates the necessity to include more task-based learning and network-bas ed language learning (NBLT) activities in contexts of English as a foreign/second language (EFL/ESL).
A Guidebook for Software Reliability Assessment.

Abstract : The purpose of this guidebook is to provide state-of-the-art information about the selection and use of existing software reliability models. Towards this objective, we have presented a brief summary of the available models backed by a detailed discussion of most of the models in the appendices One of the difficulties in choosing a model is to find a match between the testing environment and a class of models. To help a user in this process, we have presented a detailed discussion of most of the assumptions that characterize the various software reliability models. The process of developing a model has been explained in detail and illustrated via numerical examples. (Author)
Improving composite images of faces produced by eyewitnesses.

When a witness views a crime, they are often asked to construct a facial likeness, or composite of the suspect. These composites are then used to stimulate recognition from someone who is familiar with the suspect. Facial composites are commonly used in large scale cases e. g. Jill Dando, Yorkshire Ripper, however a great deal of research has indicated that facial composites perform poorly and often do not portray an accurate likeness of the suspect. This thesis therefore examined methods of improving facial composites. In particular, it examined methods of increasing the likeness portrayed in composites, both during construction and at test. Experiments 1 to 3 examined the effectiveness of a new three-quarter-view database in PROfit. Experiment 1 examined whether the presentation of composites in a threequarter-view composite will aid construction. Participant-witnesses were exposed to all views of a target and the results indicated that three-quarter-view composites performed as well as full-face composites but not better. Experiments 2 and 3 then examined whether the presentation of two composites (one in a full-face view and the other in a three-quarter-view) from the same participant-witness would increase performance above the level observed for a single composite. The results revealed that two views were better than one. In addition, experiment 3 examined the issue of encoding specificity and viewpoint dependency in composite construction. All participant-witnesses were exposed to either one view of a target (full-face or threequarter) or all views and they were asked to construct both a full-face and a threequarter-view composite. The results indicated that performance was better when all
MAKNA KANYOUKU ME (MATA) DALAM NOVEL KOIZORA KARYA MIKA

Abstrak: Dalam berkomunikasi, masyarakat Jepang banyak menggunakan idiom. Idiom dalam bahasa Jepang disebut dengan Kanyouku. Menurut Sakata (1995:214) kanyouku adalah gabungan dua kata atau lebih yang maknanya dapat bermacam-macam, menerangkan arti masing-masing secara keseluruhan. Kurashina (2008: 3) menyatakan bahwa dalam Bahasa Jepang, idiom yang merujuk pada anggota badan ada banyak jumlahnya. Namun selain anggota badan, terdapat juga penggunaan idiom yang merujuk pada unsur hewan atau makanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kanyouku yang menggunakan kata me (mata) yang terdapat di dalam novel Koizora karya Mika. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data ialah metode deskriptif yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan makna leksikal dan makna idiom dari kanyouku yang menggunakan katame (mata) sehingga dapat diketahui makna darime (mata) dalam kanyouku tersebut. Dari 18 data kanyouku me (mata) yang dianalisis terdapat 6 kanyouku yang memiliki makna mata terbuka dan melihat, 1 kanyouku yang memiliki makna anggota tubuh yang mengecil mengekspresikan tersenyum, 2 kanyouku yang memiliki makna alat yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan suatu kejadian yang sudah diketahui atau sudah pernah terjadi, 1 kanyouku yang memiliki makna anggota tubuh yang digunakan untuk mengekspresikan kebahagiaan serta 8 kanyouku yang memiliki makna penglihatan atau pandangan.Kata kunci: Makna, Idiom (Kanyouku), Mata, Novel Abstract: In communicating, Japanese people use idioms a lot. Idioms in Japanese are called Kanyouku. According to Sakata (1995: 214) kanyouku is a combination of two or more words whose meanings can vary, explaining the meaning of each as a whole. Kurashina (2008: 3) states that in Japanese, there are many idioms that refer to limbs. But in addition to limbs, there is also the use of idioms that refer to elements of animals or food. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data used in this study is the kanyouku that uses the word me (eye) contained in Mika's Koizora novel. The method used to analyze the data is a descriptive method used to explain the lexical meaning and idiom meaning of kanyouku using katame (eyes) so that the meaning of darime (eyes) can be known in the kanyouku. From 18 data of kanyouku me (eyes) analyzed, there are 6 kanyouku that have the meaning of eyes open and seeing, 1 kanyouku which has a meaning of a shrinking body expressing a smile, 2 kanyouku which have meaning tools that are used to describe an event that is known or already ever happened, 1 kanyouku which has a meaning of a limb used to express happiness and 8 kanyouku which has a meaning of vision or sight.Keywords: Meaning, Idiom (Kanyouku), Eyes, Novels
Reducing Plagiarism by Using Online Software: An Experimental Study.

This action research attempts to explore the perceptions of Turkish university students on plagiarism while evaluating the effectiveness of an online application used to deter plagiarism. The participants were 40 first year university students studying in two different sections of an academic writing class. The findings show that the participants acknowledge the existence of purposive plagiarism while the application shows that anti-plagiarism applications can help reduce university students‟ level of plagiarism.
Graphical and Bayesian Analysis of Unbalanced Patient Management Data

GRAPHICAL AND BAYESIAN ANALYSIS OF UNBALANCED PATIENT MANAGEMENT DATA Emily Stewart Righter Department of Statistics Master of Science The International Normalizing Ratio (INR) measures the speed at which blood clots. Healthy people have an INR of about one. Some people are at greater risk of blood clots and their physician prescribes a target INR range, generally 2-3. The farther a patient is above or below their prescribed range, the more dangerous their situation. A variety of point-of-care (POC) devices has been developed to monitor patients. The purpose of this research was to develop innovative graphics to help describe a highly unbalanced dataset and to carry out Bayesian analyses to determine which of five devices best manages patients. An initial Bayesian analysis compared a machine-identical beta-binomial model to a machine-specific betabinomial model. The response variable was number of in-range visits. A second Bayesian analysis compared a machine-identical lognormal model, a machinespecific lognormal model, and a machine-specific lognormal model with lower therapeutic bound as a predictor. The response variable was INR. Machines were compared using posterior predictive distributions of the absolute distance outside a patient’s therapeutic range. For the beta-binomial models, the machine-identical model had the lower DIC, meaning that POC device was not a strong predictor of success in keeping a patient in-range. The machine-specific lognormal model with a term for lower therapeutic bound had the lowest DIC of the three lognormal models, implying that the additional information of distance out of range revealed differences among the POC devices. Three of the machines had more favorable out-of-range distributions than the other two. Both Bayesian analyses provided useful information for medical practice in managing INR.
Üniversite Öğrencileri Arasında İnternet Bağımlılığı ve İnternet Bağımlılarının Profili

Iletisim teknolojilerindeki gelismelerin bir sonucu olarak hayatimiza giren internet; insanlarin ihtiyac duydugu her turlu bilgiye ulasmalarina, eglenceli ve hosca vakit gecirmelerine ve sevdikleriyle es zamanli iletisimde bulunabilmelerine imkan taniyan bir kitle iletisim aracidir. Ancak internetin getirdigi bu kolayliklarin yaninda cok sik kullanimdan kaynaklanan bir takim sorunlara da yol actigi bir gercektir. Soz konusu sorunlarin basinda hic kuskusuz internet bagimliligi gelmektedir. Bu calismada da universite ogrencilerinin internet bagimliligi arastirilmistir. Selcuk Universitesi'nde ogrenimini surduren 953 ogrenciden elde edilen verilere gore, katilimcilarin yuzde 23.2'si internet bagimliligi belirtisi gostermektedir. Internet bagimliligi uzerinde demografik degiskenlerin (cinsiyet ve aylik harcama miktari) ayirt edici bir etkisi bulunmamaktadir. Internet bagimlilarini, bagimli olmayanlardan ayiran en guclu iki degisken ise sirasiyla internet kullanim suresi ve internete duyulan guvendir. Acik bir ifadeyle internet bagimlilari daha uzun sure internet kullanmakta ve internete daha fazla guven duymaktadirlar.