Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modified device for fluid percussion injury in rodents

Fluid percussion (FP) injury model is a popular animal model of traumatic brain injury (TBI), but still there are some issues need to be addressed. To increase the validity and reliability of this technique, we adapted the FP device using electromagnetic protractor, stainless‐steel cylinder, changing pressure transducer position, and foam pads to adjust the parameters of FP pulse. Besides, the adjusted FP device is more automatic. The FP pulse is promptly measured and displayed in a graphic user interface software. The modified device resulted in reliable FP pulse. The accuracy of the pendulum leveling was improved with using the electromagnetic protractor with slots. We then collected behavioral, cognition, electrophysiological, and immunohistochemical data to verify the percussion effects in TBI mice. Lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) or sham treatment was administered at the right frontal motorsensory region of male C57BL/6J mice. TBI mice showed evident motor, cognitive, and functional impairments, characterized by evaluation of neurological, righting, geotaxis and cliff aversion reflexes, limb asymmetrical use, rotarod running, and Morris water maze testing. The neurobehavioral damages were scaled with histopathological findings. Further, the overall firing rates and theta powers in hippocampal CA1 were significantly reduced in TBI mice compared to sham mice at Days 2 and 3 after electrode implanting. The adapted device induced effects on behavior and biology in mice that agree with existing models. These findings confirmed the validity of adjustments, and the modified device may boost the interest in TBI studies.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of toxic effect of benzene on lymphocytes and hepatocytes.

Objective: Explore the hepato and hematotoxicity of benzene through in vitro and in vivo evaluation.Methods: Spleenic lymphocytes and hepatocytes were used for the in vitro study. Liver enzymology and lymphocytes were evaluated in 154 petrol filling workers with <10 years and >10 years of exposure and 33 referents.Results: Lymphocytopenia was most marked in study group than in controls. Absolute lymphocyte count were reduced to 1.67±0.3 x 10 3 /mL and 1.49 ±0.4 x 10 3 /mL in workers with <10 years and >10years of exposure than the control (1.9 ±0.3 x 10 3 /mL). This was supported by our in vitro result showing a negative correlation between reduction in viability of lymphocytes and increasing concentration of benzene. The mean value of ALP and ALT in study group was significantly lowered than in control group. The total protein level increased within the normal range in study group than in controls whereas albumin level decreased in study group in contrast with control group. Mean ± SD values of AST and total bilirubin in study group were not elevated from the corresponding value in control group.Conclusion: These in vitro and in vivo results show that human lymphocytes and hepatocytes are sensitive targets of benzene.
An Integrative Framework for Community Partnering to Translate Theory into Effective Health Promotion Strategy

Introduction. Although there is general agreement about the complex interplay among individual-, family-, organizational-, and community-level factors as they influence health outcomes, there is still a gap between health promotion research and practice. The authors suggest that a disjuncture exists between the multiple theories and models of health promotion and the practitioner's need for a more unified set of guidelines for comprehensive planning of programs. Therefore, we put forward in this paper an idea toward closing the gap between research and practice, a case for developing an overarching framework—with several health promotion models that could integrate existing theories—and applying it to comprehensive health promotion strategy. An Integrative Framework. We outline a theoretical foundation for future health promotion research and practice that integrates four models: the social ecology; the Life Course Health Development; the Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational/Environmental Diagnosis and Evaluation–Policy, Regulatory and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development; and the community partnering models. The first three models are well developed and complementary. There is little consensus on the latter model, community partnering. However, we suggest that such a model is a vital part of an overall framework, and we present an approach to reconciling theoretical tensions among researchers and practitioners involved in community health promotion. Integrating the Models: The Need for Systems Theory and Thinking. Systems theory has been relatively ignored both by the health promotion field and, more generally, by the health services. We make a case for greater use of systems theory in the development of an overall framework, both to improve integration and to incorporate key concepts from the diverse systems literatures of other disciplines. Vision for Healthy Communities. (1) Researchers and practitioners understand the complex interplay among individual-, family-, organizational-, and community-level factors as they influence population health; (2) health promotion researchers and practitioners collaborate effectively with others in the community to create integrated strategies that work as a system to address a wide array of health-related factors; (3) The Healthy People Objectives for the Nation includes balanced indicators to reflect health promotion realities and research-measures effects on all levels; (4) the gap between community health promotion “best practices” guidelines and the way things work in the everyday world of health promotion practice has been substantially closed. Conclusions and Recommendations. We suggest critical next steps toward closing the gap between health promotion research and practice: investing in networks that promote, support, and sustain ongoing dialogue and sharing of experience; finding common ground in an approach to community partnering; and gaining consensus on the proposed integrating framework.
How to Estimate Beta ? ∗

Researchers and practitioners face many choices when estimating an asset’s sensitivities toward risk factors, i.e., betas. We study the effect of different data sampling frequencies, forecast adjustments, and model combinations for beta estimation. Using the entire U.S. stock universe and a sample period of more than 50 years, we find that a historical estimator based on daily return data with an exponential weighting scheme as well as a shrinkage toward the industry average yield the best predictions for future beta. Adjustments for asynchronous trading, macroeconomic conditions, or regression-based combinations, on the other hand, typically yield very high prediction errors. JEL classification: G12, G11, G17
Anticancer Properties of Fenofibrate: A Repurposing Use

Cancer is a leading cause of death throughout the world, and cancer therapy remains a big medical challenge in terms of both its therapeutic efficacy and safety. Therefore, to find out a safe anticancer drug has been long goal for oncologist and medical scientists. Among clinically used medicines with no or little toxicity, fenofibrate is a drug of the fibrate class that plays an important role in lowering the levels of serum cholesterol and triglycerides while elevating the levels of high-density lipoproteins. Recently, several studies have implied that fenofibrate may exert anticancer effects via a variety of pathways involved in apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, invasion, and migration. Given the great potential that fenofibrate may have anticancer effects, this review was to investigate all published works which directly or indirectly support the anticancer activity of fenofibrate. These studies provide evidence that fenofibrate exerted antitumor effects in several human cancer cell lines, such as breast, liver, glioma, prostate, pancreas, and lung cancer cell lines. Among these studies some have further confirmed the possibility and efficacy of fenofibrate anticancer in xenograft mouse models. In the last part of this review, we also discuss the potential mechanisms of action of fenofibrate based on the available information. Overall, we may repurpose fenofibrate as an anticancer drug in cancer treatment, which urgently need further and comprehensively investigated.
The impact of women's age at marriage on own and spousal labor market outcomes in India: causation or selection?

The labor market impacts of women's age at marriage have recently received significant attention from social scientists. The focus of this literature, however, has been the developed world and almost nothing is known about how a delay in marriage affects labor market prospects of women in developing countries. This paper addresses this gap in the existing literature by providing the first comprehensive assessment of the relationship between women's age at marriage and own as well as spousal labor market outcomes specifically in context of a developing country. Using nationally representative household data from India, we find evidence of positive effects of women's age at marriage on their own and their spouses' labor market outcomes. To examine whether these effects are causal or arise due to selection into marriage, we use an instrumental variables-based empirical strategy that utilizes variation in age at menarche to obtain exogenous variation in women's age at marriage. Our results indicate that the positive effects of age at marriage of women on own as well spousal labor market outcomes are not causal and arise purely due to selection. The results are robust to addressing biases due to nonrandom selection of individuals into labor force. Our findings shed new light on theories of labor market in developing countries specifically through the lens of marriage.
Positive implications of market valuation under asymmetric quality information

We investigate a buyer’s contract design problem in which the buyer’s supplier has private quality cost information and is concerned with market valuation. We characterise the parameters of the contract menu (including quantity, quality level and transfer payment) and determine the market price. Our results show that the supplier’s market value concern (MVC) has positive implications and mitigates the distortion of quality level. Although both the buyer and the entire chain system benefit from this MVC, it may give advantage or disadvantage to the supplier of the low-cost type, depending on this supplier’s efficiency and the extent of the MVC. Numerical study reveals that the buyer is insensitive to the pricing decision, which suggests that contracts subject to the optimal market price without MVC serve as a good heuristic.
Prediction of Human Cytochrome P450 Inhibition Using a Multitask Deep Autoencoder Neural Network.

Adverse side effects of drug-drug interactions induced by human cytochrome P450 (CYP450) inhibition is an important consideration in drug discovery. It is highly desirable to develop computational models that can predict the inhibitive effect of a compound against a specific CYP450 isoform. In this study, we developed a multitask model for concurrent inhibition prediction of five major CYP450 isoforms, namely, 1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4. The model was built by training a multitask autoencoder deep neural network (DNN) on a large dataset containing more than 13 000 compounds, extracted from the PubChem BioAssay Database. We demonstrate that the multitask model gave better prediction results than that of single-task models, previous reported classifiers, and traditional machine learning methods on an average of five prediction tasks. Our multitask DNN model gave average prediction accuracies of 86.4% for the 10-fold cross-validation and 88.7% for the external test datasets. In addition, we built linear regression models to quantify how the other tasks contributed to the prediction difference of a given task between single-task and multitask models, and we explained under what conditions the multitask model will outperform the single-task model, which suggested how to use multitask DNN models more effectively. We applied sensitivity analysis to extract useful knowledge about CYP450 inhibition, which may shed light on the structural features of these isoforms and give hints about how to avoid side effects during drug development. Our models are freely available at http://repharma.pku. edu.cn/deepcyp/home.php or http://www.pkumdl. cn/deepcyp/home.php .
How do men’s magazines talk about penises?

Constructions of masculinity have shifted and changed but the central role of the penis has remained firm. Yet, despite the implications for sexual health, there has been very little research on discourses around penises. The messages men receive about their manhood is apparent in articles in men’s magazines. We conducted a discursive analysis of the ways in which penises were discussed in four market leading UK titles: Loaded, Men’s Health, GQ and Attitude. Two broad discourses were identified, termed Laddish and Medicalised, both of which create fear-ridden spaces where men are bombarded with unachievable masculine ideals and traumatic examples of mutilated members. We discuss how health psychologists could use the findings to communicate with men about their sexual health needs using this channel.
In Vitro Testing of Potential Probiotic Bacteria against Vagococcus salmoninarum in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792)

In this study, probiotic properties of endogenous microbiota of rainbow trout against Vagococcus salmoninarum isolated during an outbreak of vagococcosis in a trout farm in the Mediterranean region were evaluated. The candidate probiotic bacteria were isolated from rainbow trout intestines. A total of 157 isolates were obtained and screened for antagonistic activity against V. salmoninarum via the Well Diffusion Agar method. Six isolates were determined for antagonistic activity against V. salmoninarum. Conventional microbiological tests and API 20 Strep tests (bioMe ́rieux) were used for further phenotypic characterization of all six antagonistic isolates. For molecular identifications of isolates, L. garvieae specific PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis were used. Antagonistic strains were identified including TUB/2013/V47 (L. garvieae), TUB/2013/V27 (L.garvieae), TUB/2013/V10 (L. garvieae), TUB/2013/V2 (L. garvieae) TUB/2013/V1 (L. lactis) and TUB/2013/V4 (L. lactis). The strains were then tested for hydrophobicity, bile salts and acid tolerance and antimicrobial activity. All isolates were congo red-positive, indicating the presence of hydrophobic structures in their cell walls. It was determined that whole antagonistic strains were resistant to low pH conditions and 0.6-1.5% bile concentrations. Antimicrobial test results showed that most of the strains are susceptible in vitro to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid ampicillin, doxycycline, erythromycin and florfenicol, which are frequently used in aquaculture. As a result, it was found that strains have in vitro probiotic properties (hydrophobic, tolerant to bile salts and low pH conditions). Further study is needed to explore their in vivo probiotic effects against vagococcosis. The IJA appears exclusively as a peer-reviewed on-line open-access journal at http://www.siamb. org.il/. To read papers free of charge, please register online at registration form. Sale of IJA papers is strictly forbidden.
Conceptualisation and Operationalisation of Event and Festival Experiences: Creation of an Event Experience Scale

Abstract Experiences are becoming increasingly important in events and festivals, which are prime manifestations of the experience economy. However, research on event experiences has generally been concerned with economic impacts and visitor motivations [Gursoy, D. , Kim, K. , & Uysal, M. (2004). Perceived impacts of festivals and special events by organizers: An extension and validation. Tourism Management, 25(2), 171–181. doi:10.1016/s0261-5177(03)00092-x]. Few studies have attempted to operationalise and quantitatively analyse experiences, and there is no consensual definition regarding the essence of experiences [Walls, A. R. , Okumus, F. , Wang, Y. , & Kwun, D. J.-W. (2011). An epistemological view of consumer experiences. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(1), 10–21. doi:10.1016/j.ijhm. 2010.03. 008]. This article develops an Event Experience Scale (EES) for event experiences. In this exploratory study the item generation and selection for this scale are presented in three phases: specifying the domain of construct and generation of items, item selection, and scale purification. An 18-item scale, comprising four dimensions – affective engagement, cognitive engagement, physical engagement, and experiencing newness – with satisfactory values for Cronbach's alphas (.83, .86, .86, and .87), emerged. Implications for theoretical and practical research are discussed.
Elementary School Teachers' Perspectives on Health Instruction: Implications for Health Education

Abstract Limited literature is available on the barriers and enablers of elementary school health instruction, and even less is known about teachers' experiences that influence their decision to teach health. The purpose of this research was to obtain information to assist public health educators in creating an infrastructure to support school health education instruction. The question guiding the research was, “From the perspective of elementary school teachers' experience, what are the barriers and enablers to teaching health in the classroom? ” During January-March 2000, qualitative research methods, including 56 one-on-one interviews and 9 focus groups with 51 elementary school teachers, were conducted. Findings relate to three general thematic areas: existing policies or guidelines for instruction, limited instruction time, and teacher preferences. Recommendations are provided for creating a partnership between public health educators and school health educators to establish an educational environment that supports classroom health instruction, as well as recommendations for enhancing teacher capacity to teach health.
Linkage of financial development with electricity-growth, nexus of India and Pakistan

This paper tries to identify the indirect linkage between intermediary development with energy-growth nexus for India and Pakistan. In this succession the study employ system based GMM approach along with principal component analysis for development of intermediary index. Findings of the study demonstrate the positive and significant impact of economic growth on electricity consumption of both nations. However a miscellaneous trend for urbanization and negative trend for prices with electricity consumption has also been found in this study. On the other hand, the linkage between financial development through growth on electricity consumption is positive and significant for both nations. These findings have important implications for the policy makers. They can use these Findings to ensure long term structural development to control future power constraints, which leads them towards higher level of sustainable development.
Strong Metric (Sub)regularity of KKT Mappings for Piecewise Linear-Quadratic Convex-Composite Optimization

This work concerns the local convergence theory of Newton and quasi-Newton methods for convex-composite optimization: minimize f(x):=h(c(x)), where h is an infinite-valued proper convex function and c is C^2-smooth. We focus on the case where h is infinite-valued piecewise linear-quadratic and convex. Such problems include nonlinear programming, mini-max optimization, estimation of nonlinear dynamics with non-Gaussian noise as well as many modern approaches to large-scale data analysis and machine learning. Our approach embeds the optimality conditions for convex-composite optimization problems into a generalized equation. We establish conditions for strong metric subregularity and strong metric regularity of the corresponding set-valued mappings. This allows us to extend classical convergence of Newton and quasi-Newton methods to the broader class of non-finite valued piecewise linear-quadratic convex-composite optimization problems. In particular we establish local quadratic convergence of the Newton method under conditions that parallel those in nonlinear programming when h is non-finite valued piecewise linear.
High-Density Infiltration of V-domain Immunoglobulin Suppressor of T-cell Activation Up-regulated Immune Cells in Human Pancreatic Cancer

V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA) is constitutively expressed in hematopoietic lineage and is highly up-regulated in tumor infiltrated myeloid cells and regulatory T-cells in animal models. However, its expression in human pancreatic tumor microenvironment remains unknown. In this research, we aimed at the expression of VISTA in human pancreatic cancer samples. Methods We performed immunohistochemistry to determine VISTA expression in human pancreatic cancer samples. Results We found that 88.46% of the patients showed high-density infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and mononuclear immune cells with up-regulated expression of VISTA in cancer tissues, especially in the necrotic foci. Interestingly, it was minimally expressed in pancreatic cancerous cells and was not detectable in either normal ducts or islet cells in cancerous or normal pancreatic tissues. Conclusions We conclude that VISTA is predominantly expressed and up-regulated in the high-density infiltrated immune cells but minimal in human pancreatic cancerous cells. Our results for the first time highlight pancreatic immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment contributed by VISTA and its potential as a prominent target for pancreatic cancer immunotherapy.
The dynamics of trading duration, volume and price volatility – a vector MEM model

We propose a general form of vector Multiplicative Error Model (MEM) for the dynamics of duration, volume and price volatility. The vector MEM relaxes the two restrictions often imposed by previous empirical work in market microstructure research, by allowing interdependence among the variables and relaxing weak exogeneity restrictions. We further propose a multivariate lognormal distribution for the vector MEM. The model is applied to the trade and quote data from the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The empirical results show that the vector MEM captures the dynamics of the trivariate system successfully. We find that times of greater activity or trades with larger size coincide with a higher number of informed traders present in the market. But we highlight that it is unexpected component of trading duration or trading volume that carry the information content. Moreover, our empirical results also suggest a significant feedback effect from price process to trading intensity, while the persistent quote changes and transient quote changes affect trading intensity in different direction, confirming Hasbrouck (1988,1991).