Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Explaining the relation between pathological gambling and depression: Rumination as an underlying common cause

Background and aims Symptoms of pathological gambling (SPG) and depression often co-occur. The nature of this relationship remains unclear. Rumination, which is well known to be associated with depression, might act as a common underlying factor explaining the frequent co-occurrence of both conditions. The aim of this study is to analyze associations between the rumination subfactors brooding and reflection and SPG. Methods Participants aged 14–64 years were recruited within an epidemiological study on pathological gambling in Germany. Cross-sectional data of 506 (80.4% male) individuals with a history of gambling problems were analyzed. The assessment included a standardized clinical interview. To examine the effects of rumination across different levels of problem gambling severity, sequential quantile regression was used to analyze the association between the rumination subfactors and SPG. Results Brooding (p = .005) was positively associated with the severity of problem gambling after adjusting for reflection, depressive symptoms, and sociodemographic variables. Along the distribution of problem gambling severity, findings hold for all but the lowest severity level. Reflection (p = .347) was not associated with the severity of problem gambling at the median. Along the distribution of problem gambling severity, there was an inverse association at only one quantile. Discussion and conclusions Brooding might be important in the development and maintenance of problem gambling. With its relations to depression and problem gambling, it might be crucial when it comes to explaining the high comorbidity rates between SPG and depression. The role of reflection in SPG remains inconclusive.
Similarity versus relatedness: A novel approach in extractive Persian document summarisation

Automatic text summarisation is the process of creating a summary from one or more documents by eliminating the details and preserving the worthwhile information. This article presents a single/multi-document summariser using a novel clustering method for creating summaries. First, a feature selection phase is employed. Then, FarsNet, the Persian WordNet, is utilised to extract the semantic information of words. Therefore, the input sentences are categorised into three main clusters: similarity, relatedness and coherency. Each similarity cluster contains similar sentences to its core, while each relatedness cluster contains sentences that are related (but not similar) to its core. The coherency clusters show the sentences that should be kept together to preserve the coherency of the summary. Finally, the centroid of each similarity cluster having the most feature score is added to an empty summary. The summary is enlarged by including related sentences from relatedness clusters and excluding similar sentences to its content iteratively. Coherency clusters are applied to the created summary in the last step. The proposed method has been compared with three known existing text summarisation systems and techniques for the Persian language: FarsiSum, Parsumist and Ijaz. Our proposed method leads to improvement in experimental results on different measurements including precision, recall, F-measure, ROUGE-N and ROUGE-L.
The role of adipose tissue in inflammatory bowel diseases

Purpose of review The occurrence of creeping fat wrapping segments of inflamed gut represents a characteristic yet incompletely understood hallmark of Crohn's disease. Over the last decade, numerous studies have provided a limited understanding of this feature. Still, deciphering the detailed mechanisms and the pathophysiologic relevance of the interplay between creeping fat, barrier function and intestinal inflammation will be the aim of future studies. Recent findings The last 18 months have substantially contributed to this field, starting with an elegant three-dimensional study revealing B cell aggregates around lymphatic vessels embedded in the mesenteric fat, thus bringing back the idea that Crohn's disease might represent a ‘lymphatic disease’. Furthermore, studies on a cellular level elucidated the interplay of mesenteric adipocytes, immune cells and intestinal epithelial cells. Last, imaging studies provide evidence indicating that changes depicted by computed tomography within the mesenteric fat compartment rather than of the bowel wall are predictive for the presence of endoscopic lesions. This underlines the impact of mesenteric changes on Crohn's disease activity. Summary The findings of the last 18 months further contribute to solving the puzzle that will ultimately reveal the role of the mesenteric fat tissue in the control of intestinal immunity and inflammation.
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Associations Between Death Fascination, Death Anxiety and Religion among Polish College Students

Previous research examining the relationship between religion and attitudes about death have yielded mixed results due to over-simplified conceptualizations of constructs, lack of theory, and an over-reliance on Western samples. To overcome these issues, the present study examined the relationship between three types of religious orientation and two types of death attitudes among a sample of 532 college students in Poland. The results demonstrated unique relations between religion and death attitudes, as well emphasized the importance of considering religious engagement as a moderating variable. Although the results were generally consistent with Terror Management Theory, other theoretical perspectives were considered as well. * Department of Psychology, Christopher Newport University ** University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznan Faculty *** Institiute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, Bazynskiego street 4, 80-343 Gdansk, Poland, psymzp@ug.edu. pl This research was supported by University of Gdansk Grant BW/7400-5-0067-9 to Magdalena A. Żemojtel-Piotrowska.
Blood pressure response to maximal dynamic exercise testing in an athletic population

Objective: Exaggerated blood pressure (BP) response to exercise testing has been linked to left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis in competitive athletes. Due to frequent training, athletes are particularly exposed to high BP levels, but data on the magnitude and distribution of BP response to exercise in athletic populations is scarce. Methods: Cycle ergometry was performed in 2419 healthy competitive adolescent, professional and master athletes (age 26 ± 12 years, range 9-74, 27% women, 84 disciplines) for preparticipation screening. Fulfilling both subjective and at least two out of three objective exhaustion criteria (maximal heart rate >85% predicted, lactate ≥7 mmol/l, rate of perceived exertion ≥17) was required. Echocardiography was also performed. Results: Maximal workload was 305 ± 59 W (mean ± SD) in men and 218 ± 40 in women. SBP increased significantly (men, &Dgr;80 ± 20; women, &Dgr;67 ± 16 mmHg; P < 0.001) to 204 ± 22 (men) and 180 ± 17 mmHg (women). DBP changed minimally (men: &Dgr;0 ± 9, women: &Dgr;2 ± 8 mmHg). The upper normative limit of SBP in men was 247 [95% CI 245–249; women: 214 (212–216) mmHg]. ESC guidelines of upper limits of maximal SBP were exceeded in 43% in men (>210 mmHg) and 28% in women (>190 mmHg). SBP response was more pronounced in endurance athletes, whereas DBP was slightly higher in strength athletes. Among cardiac dimensions, the strongest association for maximal SBP was found for left ventricular mass (r = 0.489; P < 0.001). Conclusion: SBP response to exercise testing is markedly exaggerated particularly in male endurance athletes. The prognostic significance of these findings regarding long-term cardiovascular alterations requires further clarification.
Variation in courtship rate in the fiddler crab Uca annulipes: is it related to male attractiveness?

We investigated among-male variation in courtship waving in the fiddler crab Uca annulipa. Wave rate is positively correlated with both male carapace size and relative claw size (controlled for body size), and relative claw size is positively correlated with an index of body condition. An experimental reduction in the availability of food decreased male wave rate. These data suggest that some of the variation in wave rate among males is due to variation in male condition combined with energetic costs to waving (differential costs). However, we also found that the correlation between male size and wave rate decreased over the semilunar cycle. Later in die cycle, smaller males increase their wave rate relative to that of larger males. Previous work has shown that females are more likely to accept a smaller male as a mate later in the cycle. We suggest that smaller males invest disproportionately more in courtship later in die cycle because die potential benefits are greater due to their increased attractiveness to females (differential benefits). Alternative explanations for die observed temporal trend are also discussed. Kty words: courtship, female choice, fiddler crabs, male choice, ornaments, sexual selection, Uca annulipes. [Behav Ecol 9:605—611 (1998)]
Sonographic Findings of Shoulders in Parkinson ’ s Disease Parkinson

Patients and Methods: Sixty-seven shoulders of 35 patients (14 females, 53 males; mean age, 66.4±9.5 years; range 40 to 85 years) with PD were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) clinical stage: in the first group 30 shoulders of patients with mild PD (H&Y stage I-II), and in the second group 37 shoulders of patients with severe PD (H&Y stage III-IV) have been evaluated. All of the patients underwent shoulder sonography. Thicknesses of the rotator cuff tendons and the acromiohumeral distances were measured and abnormal findings have been recorded. Data were statistically analyzed by the t-test and chi-square tests.
Strategies employed by older people to manage loneliness: systematic review of qualitative studies and model development

ABSTRACT Objectives: To (i) systematically identify and review strategies employed by community dwelling lonely older people to manage their loneliness and (ii) develop a model for managing loneliness. Methods: A narrative synthesis review of English-language qualitative evidence, following Economic and Social Research Council guidance. Seven electronic databases were searched (1990–January 2017). The narrative synthesis included tabulation, thematic analysis, and conceptual model development. All co-authors assessed eligibility of final papers and reached a consensus on analytic themes. Results: From 3,043 records, 11 studies were eligible including a total of 502 older people. Strategies employed to manage loneliness can be described by a model with two overarching dimensions, one related to the context of coping (alone or with/in reference to others), the other related to strategy type (prevention/action or acceptance/endurance of loneliness). The dynamic and subjective nature of loneliness is reflected in the variety of coping mechanisms, drawing on individual coping styles and highlighting considerable efforts in managing time, contacting others, and keeping loneliness hidden. Cognitive strategies were used to re-frame negative feelings, to make them more manageable or to shift the focus from the present or themselves. Few unsuccessful strategies were described. Conclusion: Strategies to manage loneliness vary from prevention/action through to acceptance and endurance. There are distinct preferences to cope alone or involve others; only those in the latter category are likely to engage with services and social activities. Older people who deal with their loneliness privately may find it difficult to articulate an inability to cope.
Investigation of time-dependent risk of mental disorders after infertility diagnosis, through survival analysis and data mining: a nationwide cohort study

Abstract Objectives: Infertile patients are vulnerable to mental disorders. However, a time-dependent model predicting the onset of mental disorders specific to infertile patients is lacking. This study examined the risk factors for the development of mental disorders in infertile patients and measured the duration until the occurrence of mental disorders after a diagnosis of infertility. Methods: A total of 13,317 infertile patients in the 2002–2013 Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database were observed. The 11 independent variables included in the hypothesised model, together with the dates of infertility and mental disorder diagnoses, were analysed using Cox proportional hazards. Data-mining methods using C5.0 and Apriori supplemented the statistical analyses. Results: The total prevalence rate of mental disorders among infertile patients in Taiwan was 12.41%, including anxiety (4.66%), depression (1.81%) and other mental disorders (5.94%). The average time interval for onset of mental illness identified using survival analysis was 1.67 years. Income, occupation, treatment method, co-morbidity, region and hospital level and ownership were significant predictors of development of mental illness (all p < .05). Conclusions: The four categories of factors associated with time-dependent onset were demographics, health, health care provider and geographical characteristics. Certain patient characteristics may predict a higher likelihood of onset of a specific mental disorder. Clinical practitioners may use the findings to identify high-risk patients and make timely health interventions.
Initial comparison of ozone and NO2 profiles from ACE-MAESTRO with balloon and satellite data

[1] Atmospheric retrievals of ozone and NO 2 by the Measurements of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (MAESTRO) instrument which is part of the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite aboard SCISAT are compared statistically with coincident measurements by ozonesondes, the Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) also aboard SCISAT, the SAGE III and the POAM III instruments. The ozone mixing ratio profiles from MAESTRO and ozonesondes agree within about 5-10% from 16-30 km in the northern middle and high latitudes. Further, ACE-FTS and MAESTRO ozone profiles agree within ∼5-15% from 16-50 km. MAESTRO ozone profiles show a systematic bias which is opposite for sunrise (SR) and sunset (SS) events and was also seen in comparisons with SAGE III and POAM III ozone. MAESTRO SS ozone profiles mostly agree within 5-10% from 16-40 km with either SAGE III or POAM III SR or SS retrievals, but show a significant high bias from 40-55 km, reaching a maximum of ∼20-30%. MAESTRO SR ozone profiles show a low bias of ∼5-15% from 20-50 km, as compared to SAGE III and POAM III SR or SS measurements. The NO 2 profiles agree within about 10-15% between ACE-FTS and MAESTRO from 15-40 km for the SR and 22-35 km for the SS measurements. Further, MAESTRO NO 2 profiles agree with SAGE III NO 2 mostly within 10% from 25-40 km. MAESTRO NO 2 profiles agree with POAM III SR profiles within 5-10% from 25-42 km. However, compared to POAM III SS profiles, MAESTRO NO 2 profiles show a low bias between 20 and 25 km (∼30-50%), a high MAESTRO bias between 25 and 32 km (10-30%), and again a low bias above 33 km that increases with altitude to 50-60%.
Precipitation Anomalies in Southern Brazil Associated with El Niño and La Niña Events

The impact of El Nino and La Nina events (warm and cold phases of the Southern Oscillation) on rainfall over southern Brazil is investigated through the use of a large dataset of monthly precipitation from 250 stations. This region is partly dominated by rough orography and presents different climatic regimes of rainfall. As previous global studies on Southern Oscillation-precipitation relationships used data from only two stations in southern Brazil, this region was not included in the area of consistent Southern Oscillation-related precipitation in southeastern South America. The present analysis is based on the method by Ropelewski and Halpert, the sensitivity of which is assessed for this region. The spatial structure of the rainfall anomalies associated with warm (cold) events is analyzed and subregions with coherent anomalies are determined. Their distribution indicates the influence of relief, latitude, and proximity to the ocean. These areas are subjected to further analysis to determine the seasons of largest anomalies and assess their consistency during warm (cold) events. The whole of southern Brazil was found to have strong and consistent precipitation anomalies associated with those events. Their magnitude is even larger than in Argentina and Uruguay. All of the subregions have consistent wet anomalies during the austral spring of the warm event year, with a pronounced peak in November. The southeastern part also shows a consistent tendency to higher than average rainfall during the austral winter of the following year. There is also a consistent tendency to dryness in the year before a warm event. During the spring of cold event years strong consistent dry anomalies prevail over the whole region, also with maximum magnitude in November. They are even stronger and more consistent than the wet anomalies in warm event years. Consistent anomalies do not occur over large areas in the years before and after cold events. The wet anomalies during the austral spring of the warm event year weaken and even reverse during the following January. The same tendency, though not so clear, is observable in the dry anomalies of cold events. The seasons of largest anomalies disclosed by this study differ from those found by previous global studies for other regions in southeastern South America. This study expands the area of consistent warm (cold) event-related precipitation defined by previous studies in southeastern South America by including a region of larger anomalies, and provides a spatial and temporal refinement to the warm (cold) event-precipitation relationship.
Paracrine Anti-inflammatory Effects of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Human Monocytes

The inflammatory process is an essential phenomenon in the induction of immune responses. Monocytes are key effector cells during the inflammatory process. A wide range of evidence indicates that mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue (ASC) are endowed with immunomodulatory capacity. However, the interaction between ASC and monocytes in the innate immune response is not well understood. The aim of this work was to investigate the possible paracrine anti-inflammatory effects of ASC in human monocytes. Monocytes were isolated from buffy coats and ASC from fat of non-obese patients. Conditioned medium (CM) from ASC in primary culture was used. We have assessed the effects of CM on the production of inflammatory mediators, degranulation, migration, phagocytic activity, senescence, oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane potential and macrophage polarization. We have shown that ASC exert paracrine anti-inflammatory actions on human monocytes. CM significantly reduced the production of TNFα, NO and PGE2 and the activation of NF-κB. In addition, we observed a significant reduction of degranulation, phagocytic activity and their migratory ability in the presence of the chemokine CCL2. The senescence process and the production of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction were inhibited by CM which also reduced the production of TNFα by M1 macrophages while enhanced TGFβ1 and IL-10 release by M2 macrophages. This study have demonstrated relevant interactions of ASC with human monocytes and macrophages which are key players of the innate immune response. Our results indicate that ASC secretome mediates the anti-inflammatory actions of these cells. This paracrine mechanism would limit the duration and amplitude of the inflammatory response.
Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Communication for Future Wireless Systems: A Survey

Several enabling technologies are being explored for the fifth-generation (5G) mobile system era. The aim is to evolve a cellular network that remarkably pushes forward the limits of legacy mobile systems across all dimensions of performance metrics. One dominant technology that consistently features in the list of the 5G enablers is the millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input-multiple-output (massive MIMO) system. It shows potentials to significantly raise user throughput, enhance spectral and energy efficiencies and increase the capacity of mobile networks using the joint capabilities of the huge available bandwidth in the mmWave frequency bands and high multiplexing gains achievable with massive antenna arrays. In this survey, we present the preliminary outcomes of extensive research on mmWave massive MIMO (as research on this subject is still in the exploratory phase) and highlight emerging trends together with their respective benefits, challenges, and proposed solutions. The survey spans broad areas in the field of wireless communications, and the objective is to point out current trends, evolving research issues and future directions on mmWave massive MIMO as a technology that will open up new frontiers of services and applications for next-generation cellular networks.
On computational thinking as a universal skill: A review of the latest research on this ability

In recent years we are witnessing movements around the world to bring computer programming to schools. Lots of these initiatives, however, have been conceived to address the shortage of professionals in the technology sector, an approach that is encouraged by the software industry. On the contrary, this article argues that the focus should swift towards computational thinking, an ability that goes far beyond computer science or technology, fostering fundamental skills for the citizens of the twenty-first century. In this paper we summarize the findings of recent investigations that study computational thinking from different perspectives, explaining what this new skill is made of, presenting outcomes of school interventions showing relationships between the development of this ability and improvements in different subjects and soft skills, presenting technologies to foster its development, and reviewing tools that support educators in the assessment of this skill.
Comparison of hamstring and patellar tendon grafts in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A prospective randomized study

Objective This prospective randomized study was performed to compare the outcomes of two operative methods of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction based on either bone–patellar tendon–bone (BTB) grafts or hamstring tendon (HT) grafts. Methods Among 100 patients, 96 completed the full follow-up period and were included in the final analysis (48 in the BTB group and 48 in the HT group). The patients were evaluated preoperatively and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after ACL reconstruction. The Kujala score, Tegner score, and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) were among the parameters used to evaluate the patients. Results Both groups were comparable in terms of sex, age, and body mass index. None of the analyzed scores were significantly different between the BTB and HT groups at either the initial or last visit. Both groups demonstrated improvement at the 12-year follow-up according to the Kujala score and most categories of the KOOS. The Tegner activity level score showed significant improvement in the HT but not BTB group. Conclusion Patients undergoing ACL reconstruction with BTB and HT grafts show comparable improvement in functional results after 1 year of rehabilitation.