Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BACTERIAL CELLULOSE: PROPERTIES, PRODUCTION

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an outstanding biomaterial with unique properties, including high water holding capacity, high crystallinity, ultrafine fiber network, high tensile strength in the wet state and the possibility to be shaped into three-dimensional (3D) structures during synthesis. These properties support a wide range of applications, in human and veterinary medicine, odonthology, pharmaceutical industry, acoustic and filter membranes, biotechnological devices and in the food and paper industry. BC is considered biocompatible, presenting an insignificant foreign body reaction; it does not elicit chronic inflammatory responses in vivo. These properties make BC very interesting for tissue engineering applications. Indeed, ongoing research of BC products includes a wide range of biomedical applications: treatment of chronic wounds and burns as temporary coverage, artificial cardiovascular tissues, and guided regeneration of bone, cartilage and nerve.
Organic and inorganic fertilizer effect on soil CO 2 flux , microbial biomass , and growth of Nigella sativa

*Corresponding author e-mail: falah1357@yahoo.com A b s t r a c t. Cattle manure has a high carbon/nitrogen ratio and may not decompose; therefore, full-dose application of urea fertilizer might improve biological properties by increasing manure decomposition. This study aimed to investigate the effect of combining cattle manure and urea fertilizer on soil CO2 flux, microbial biomass carbon, and dry matter accumulation during Nigella sativa L. (black cumin) growth under field conditions. The treatments were control, cattle manure, urea, different levels of split and full-dose integrated fertilizer. The results showed that integrated application of cattle manure and chemical fertilizer significantly increased microbial biomass carbon by 10%, soil organic carbon by 2.45%, total N by 3.27%, mineral N at the flowering stage by 7.57%, and CO2 flux by 9% over solitary urea application. Integrated application increased microbial biomass carbon by 10% over the solitary application and the full-dose application by 5% over the split application. The soil properties and growth parameters of N. sativa L. benefited more from the fulldose application than the split application of urea. Cattle manure combined with chemical fertilizer and the full-dose application of urea increased fertilizer efficiency and improved biological soil parameters and plant growth. This method decreased the cost of top dressing urea fertilizer and proved beneficial for the environment and medicinal plant health. K e y w o r d: carbon flux, inorganic fertilizer, integrated application, organic manure; soil respiration
THE EFFECT OF MIND MAPPING TECHNIQUES ON THE VOCABULARY MASTERY OF SECOND GRADE STUDENTS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Kusuma Elizabeth, 2014. The Effect of Mind Mapping Techniques on the Vocabulary Mastery of Second Grade Students of Elementary School. A thesis presented to Widya Mandala Catholic University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language. English Education Department Graduate School Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya 2014. In this study, the writer used a quasi-experimentalnon-equivalent-groups pre-test-post-test design. The subjects of this study were the second grade students of Elementary School. The writer used two classes as the sample of this experiment. The experimental group was taught using mind mapping and another was taught using word list. Then, the writer gave a pre-test, and post-test to the two groups. Based on the calculation of the t-test, the writer found the t-observation of both groups. From the analysis of the pre-test, the writer found out that those two groups had equal ability in vocabulary mastery. From the post-test scores, the writer also found out that those two groups were not significantly different. The t-observation of the two groups was 1.26, while the t-table was 2.08. It means that the null hypothesis which says “there is no significant difference between the vocabulary mastery of the second grade students who were taught by using mind mapping technique and one of those taught by using word list technique. ” was accepted.
Assessment of the Gravimetric Method to Determine Isothermal Soil Water Diffusivity

Moisture transport in porous media is a fundamental subject in soil physics and civil engineering and therefore it is necessary to understand its mechanisms and processes involved. In this paper, the isothermal moisture diffusion, is estimated with gravimetric method for loamy sand, silty loam and clay loam soils. The basis of the method is to measure the amount of water absorbed by the small soil columns with different heights as a function of time. To evaluate the accuracy of the obtained diffusivity data they were compared with those obtained from BruceKlute method. Considering calculated logarithmic RMSE between two mentioned methods, it was confirmed the gravimetric technique may be more reliable to estimate the isothermal moisture diffusivity especially in finer texture soils. Moreover, this technique is quite simple and may be carried out with minimum laboratory facilities. Moreover, the results showed that the gravimetric method somewhat underestimated moisture diffusion D(ɵ) as compared to Bruce-Klute method, and the difference between the two methods increased with increasing at moisture content which will be discussed in the current paper.
Mg 16 . 67 Si 13 in Magnesium Alloy AM 50 and its Effect on Mechanical Properties

The increasing use of magnesium castings for automotive components and the number of newly developed alloys raise the question of suitable recycling processes. Remelting offers a high potential of energy saving and thereby improves the live cycle balance of magnesium components. Effective recycling processes are likely to involve the mixing of different alloys but little is known about the interaction of alloying elements. In order to approach this issue, the influence of strontium, silicon and calcium on phase formation and mechanical properties of magnesium alloy AM50 has been investigated. After strontium addition, X-ray diffraction demonstrated the formation of the Al4Srand the Mg17Sr2-phase. However, after simultaneous alloying with strontium, silicon and calcium the ternary Zintl-phase Sr6.33Mg16. 67Si13 was detected. This phase forms preferably instead of Al4Sr, Mg17Sr2 and Mg2Si. Compared to the two strontium-containing phases, precipitates of the ternary Zintl-phase exhibit a rather compact morphology. This results in a higher elongation-at-fracture under tensile stress.
Bad Beta , Good Beta and Stochastic Volatility in an Intertemporal Asset Pricing Model for the Kenyan Stock Market Kimundi

The study seeks to investigate whether bad beta (sensitivity to cash-flow news), good beta (sensitivity to discount rate news) and volatility news are significantly priced in the Kenyan stock market. A comparison of the 3 models is done: 2-beta pricing model (with cash-flow news and discount rate news as risk factors), a 3beta model (including volatility news) and a 4-beta model (including covariation risk in cash-flow and discount rate news). The findings from the study suggest that news terms related to cash-flows, discount rates, volatility and the covariation of cashflow news and discount rate news are all significantly priced in the Kenyan Market. There is evidence that Kenyan investors are highly risk averse, more so towards cashflow news, than they are to discount rate news. Similarly, the premium charged for volatility news is just as high as that attached to cash-flow news. Investors also attach a significant but relatively smaller premium to the risk due to covariation between cash-flow news and discount rate news.
Genotyping horse epithelial cells from fecal matter by isolation of polymerase chain reaction products

Background: The notion of centrality is used to identify “important” nodes in social networks. Importance of nodes is not well-defined, and many different notions exist in the literature. The challenge of defining centrality in meaningful ways when network edges can be positively or negatively weighted has not been adequately addressed in the literature. Existing centrality algorithms also have a second shortcoming, i.e., the list of the most central nodes are often clustered in a specific region of the network and are not well represented across the network. Methods: We address both by proposing Ablatio Triadum (ATria), an iterative centrality algorithm that uses the concept of “payoffs” from economic theory. Results: We compare our algorithm with other known centrality algorithms and demonstrate how ATria overcomes several of their shortcomings. We demonstrate the applicability of our algorithm to synthetic networks as well as biological networks including bacterial co-occurrence networks, sometimes referred to as microbial social networks. Conclusions: We show evidence that ATria identifies three different kinds of “important” nodes in microbial social networks with different potential roles in the community.
P o S ( F R A P W S 2 0 1 6 ) 0 4 0 Population III X-Ray Binaries

Understading of the role of X-rays for driving the thermal evolution of the intergalactic medium (IGM) at high redshifts is one of important questions in astrophysics. High-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) in early stellar populations are prime X-ray source; however, their formation efficiency is not well understood. Using N-body simulations, we estimate the HMXB formation rate via mutual gravitational interactions of nascent, small groups of the Population III stars. We find that HMXBs form at a rate of one per ~> 10 4 M⊙ in newly born stars, and that they emit with a power of ~ 1041 erg s− 1 in the 2− 10 keV band per star formation rate (SFR). This value is a factor ~ 102 larger than what is observed in star forming galaxies at lower redshifts; the X-ray production from early HMXBs would have been even more copious, if they also formed in situ or via migration in protostellar disks. Combining our results with earlier studies suggests that early HMXBs were highly effective at heating the IGM and leaving a strong 21 cm signature. We discuss broader implications of our results, such as the rate of long gamma-ray bursts from Population III stars and the direct collapse channel for massive black hole formation.
DIRECT MULTI-STEP ESTIMATION AND FORECASTING N ° 2005-10 Juillet 2005

This paper surveys the literature on multi-step forecasting when the model or the estimation method focuses directly on the link between the forecast origin and the horizon of interest. Among diverse contributions, we show how the current consensual concepts have emerged. We present an exhaustive review of the existing results, including a conclusive review of the circumstances favourable to direct multi-step forecasting, namely different forms of non-stationarity. We also provide a unifying framework which allows us to analyse the sources of forecast errors and hence of accuracy improvements from direct over iterated multi-step forecasting.
Impact of locational characteristics on the clustering of ICT startups : an empirical study in the Netherlands

This thesis studies the effect of location factors on the creation of new ICT firms in the Netherlands. The focus of the location factors is on agglomeration economies present in the region. The paper links early theories of agglomeration and clusters with an analysis in the Netherlands. As The Netherlands has recently become the go-to location for a lot of technology startups according to some influential trend watchers, it makes this a timely and relevant study for policymakers. The paper uses 4 indicators of agglomeration economies. As a result, this paper finds that the establishment of a new ICT firm is affected by the macroeconomic factors of the region, its specialization in the manufacturing sector and the level of competition present in the region. By analyzing these factors, the result can be useful for policymakers when managing the regulation on new startups.
Chimpanzee feeding ecology and fallback food use in the montane forest of Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda

Almost all primates experience seasonal fluctuations in the availability of key food sources. However, the degree to which this fluctuation impacts foraging behavior varies considerably. Eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda, live in a montane forest environment characterized by lower primary productivity and resource diversity than low‐elevation forests. Little is known about chimpanzee feeding ecology in montane forests, and research to date predominantly relies on indirect methods such as fecal analyses. This study is the first to use mostly observational data to examine how seasonal food availability impacts the feeding ecology of montane forest chimpanzees. We examine seasonal changes in chimpanzee diet and fallback foods (FBFs) using instantaneous scan samples and fecal analyses, supported by inspection of feeding remains. Chimpanzee fruit abundance peaked during the major dry season, with a consequent change in chimpanzee diet reflecting the abundance and diversity of key fruit species. Terrestrial herbaceous vegetation was consumed throughout the year and is defined as a “filler” FBF. In contrast to studies conducted in lower‐elevation chimpanzee sites, figs (especially Ficus lutea) were preferred resources, flowers were consumed at seasonally high rates and the proportion of non‐fig fruits in the diet were relatively low in the current study. These divergences likely result from the comparatively low environmental diversity and productivity in higher‐elevation environments.
Risk-Taking and Pricing : Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment

We analyse the impact of monetary policy on bank risk-taking and pricing. Bolivia provides us with an excellent experimental setting to identify this impact. Its small economy is not synchronized with the US economy but its banking system is almost fully dollarized. Consequently the US federal funds rate is the appropriate measure of monetary policy. We study the impact of the federal funds rate on the riskiness and pricing of new bank loans granted in Bolivia between 1999 and 2003, a period of significant variation in the federal funds rate. We find robust evidence that a decrease in the US federal funds rate prior to loan origination raises the monthly probability of default on individual bank loans. We also find that initiating loans with a subprime credit rating or loans to riskier borrowers with current or past non-performance become more likely when the federal funds rate is low. However, loan spreads do not increase, seemingly even decrease, in changes in the probability of default. Hence banks do not seem to price the additional risk taken. Furthermore, banks with more liquid assets and less funds from foreign financial institutions take more risk when the federal funds rate is low, and reduce loan spreads more despite the additional risk they seemingly take.
Titre : Title : Temporal characterization of a multi-wavelength Brillouin – erbium fiber laser Auteurs :

This paper provides the first detailed temporal characterization of amulti-wavelength-Brillouin– erbiumfiber laser (MWBEFL) bymeasuring the optical intensity of the individual frequency channels with high temporal resolution. It is found that the power in each channel is highly unstable due to the excitation of several cavitymodes for typical conditions of operation. Also provided is the real-time measurements of theMWBEFL output power for two configurations that were previously reported to emit phase-locked picosecond pulse trains, concluded from their autocorrelationmeasurements. Real-timemeasurements reveal a high degree of instability without the formation of a stable pulse train. Finally, wemodel theMWBEFL using coupledwave equations describing the evolution of the Brillouin pump, Stokes and acoustic waves in the presence of stimulated Brillouin scattering, and the optical Kerr effect. A good qualitative consistency between the simulation and experimental results is evident, inwhich the interference signal at the output shows strong instability as well as the chaotic behavior due to the dynamics of participating pump and Stokes waves.
DEVELOPMENT FOR HUMAN WELFARE 2016 Theme : “ Small and Medium Enterprises-sized Competitiveness ”

Although the organic farming has a good prospect in future, the rate of its adoption is still slow. Based on literature studies reveal that perception toward innovation characteristics has a significant contribution toward adoption. The main objective of current study is to examine the farmer’s perception namely perceived of usefulness (PU), perceived risk (PR), environmental awareness (EN), and also attitude (AT) and their effect on the behavioral intention. This study involves 600 rice farmers as respondents in Sragen District, Central Java. The respondent is grouped into two categories namely semi organic and conventional farmer and the data were obtained through a structured questionnaire. The results show that in case of semi organic farmer, all of variables have positive effect on intention exceptional for PR. Each of variables is significant at 0.01 levels but for EN is not significant. The coefficient determination (R2=0.485) implies that 48.5% of the variance in intention is explained by the variation of four variables. Meanwhile, in term of conventional farmers indicate the similar result in sign of direction. But, all of variables are significant at 0.01 level with R2=0.596. The overall test (F-test) exhibits that set of independent variables jointly significant toward behavioral intention at 0.01 levels. As conclusion, it is obviously that the perceptions and attitude have significant effect toward intention. Therefore, the effort should be undertaken to raise a positive farmer’s perception. Farmer also needs a support from several parties to encourage them for engaging in organic farming practice.
DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA DE MINAS SIMULATION AND EXCAVATION OF HORIZONTAL DEVELOPMENTS IN BLOCK / PANEL CAVING MINING TESIS PARA

In Block/Panel Caving mines, the planning and execution of the horizontal developments, usually suffer delays (and therefore, delays in the start of the production) due to the high number of active faces as well as resources and activities to be scheduled simultaneously. In this study, discrete event simulation techniques were used in the development planning phase to assess mining monthly plans of horizontal developments on multiple faces, as an alternative to the conventional planning methods with spreadsheets and average values of historical data. A case study is presented of the Esmeralda mine, belonging to the División El Teniente. This study is based on a previously performed “study of times” in the field, where the main inputs obtained were the time of each unit operation and time of interferences. These times were analyzed statically and represented by triangular probability distribution. A model simulation was constructed and calibrated to estimate the advance of horizontal developments in the short-term. It can be seen from the simulation results that the variability of the processes and the different interferences significantly affect the underground excavation cycle, and their incorporation in the development planning phase could reduce the bias between planned and executed horizontal development advance rates.
University of Dundee Use of a Yeast tRNase Killer Toxin to Diagnose Kti 12 Motifs Required for tRNA Modification by

Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells are killed by zymocin, a tRNase ribotoxin complex from Kluyveromyces lactis, which cleaves anticodons and inhibits protein synthesis. Zymocin’s action requires specific chemical modification of uridine bases in the anticodon wobble position (U34) by the Elongator complex (Elp1-Elp6). Hence, loss of anticodon modification in mutants lacking Elongator or related KTI (K. lactis Toxin Insensitive) genes protects against tRNA cleavage and confers resistance to the toxin. Here, we show that zymocin can be used as a tool to genetically analyse KTI12, a gene previously shown to code for an Elongator partner protein. From a kti12 mutant pool of zymocin survivors, we identify motifs in Kti12 that are functionally directly coupled to Elongator activity. In addition, shared requirement of U34 modifications for nonsense and missense tRNA suppression (SUP4; SOE1) strongly suggests that Kti12 and Elongator cooperate to assure proper tRNA functioning. We show that the Kti12 motifs are conserved in plant ortholog DRL1/ELO4 from Arabidopsis thaliana and seem to be involved in binding of cofactors (e.g., nucleotides, calmodulin). Elongator interaction defects triggered by mutations in these motifs correlate with phenotypes typical for loss of U34 modification. Thus, tRNA modification by Elongator appears to require physical contact with Kti12, and our preliminary data suggest that metabolic signals may affect proper communication between them.
Staffs ’ Competencies in the Information Society

The role of a rural library in developing an information society has long been realized by the government. The literature review indicates that the growth of the information society has forced the work environment and of librarians, especially in delivering services to the communities. Therefore, the rural libraries are being subjected to respond to the new changes. To ensure them to participate in the information society, there have to be appropriately trained workers in place; the rural librarian is required to put the element that promotes the use of information and rural library resources effectively. They should strengthen the function of a rural library staff as information intermediaries and increased their competencies to enable them to teach library users to use the information they need for. The required competencies will be discussed in this paper.
Structural and Thermal Studies on Racemic PbC 4 H 4 O 6 • 2 H 2 O Single Crystal

Single crystals of racemic lead tartrate dihydrate, PbC4H4O6·2H2O, were grown at 308 K by the gel method using silica gel as the growth medium. Differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetricdifferential thermal analysis, and X-ray diffraction measurements were performed on the single crystals. The space group symmetry (orthorhombic Pbca) and the structural parameters were determined at room temperature. The structure consisted of PbO8 polyhedra, C4H4O6 molecules, two independent H2O molecules, and zig-zag hydrogen-bonded chains along the aand b-axes linked by O–H···O hydrogen bonds between adjacent molecules. Weight losses due to thermal decomposition of racemic PbC4H4O6·2H2O occurred in the temperature range of 300–1600 K. We suggested that the weight losses in the ranges of 300–900 K and 900–1600 K were caused by the evolution of gases from 2H2O and C4H4O5, and the evaporation of PbO, respectively.