Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation of AO and Lauge-Hansen Classification Systems for Ankle Fractures to the Mechanism of Injury

Background: Our aim was to assess whether the Lauge-Hansen (LH) and the Muller AO classification systems for ankle fractures radiographically correlate with in vivo injuries based on observed mechanism of injury. Methods: Videos of potential study candidates were reviewed on YouTube.com. Individuals were recruited for participation if the video could be classified by injury mechanism with a high likelihood of sustaining an ankle fracture. Corresponding injury radiographs were obtained. Injury mechanism was classified using the LH system as supination/external rotation (SER), supination/adduction (SAD), pronation/external rotation (PER), or pronation/abduction (PAB). Corresponding radiographs were classified by the LH system and the AO system. Results: Thirty injury videos with their corresponding radiographs were collected. Of the video clips reviewed, 16 had SAD mechanisms and 14 had PER mechanisms. There were 26 ankle fractures, 3 nonfractures, and 1 subtalar dislocation. Twelve fractures with SAD mechanisms had corresponding SAD fracture patterns. Five PER mechanisms had PER fracture patterns. Eight PER mechanisms had SER fracture patterns and 1 had SAD fracture pattern. When the AO classification was used, all 12 SAD type injuries had a 44A type fracture, whereas the 14 PER injuries resulted in nine 44B fractures, two 44C fractures, and three 43A fractures. Conclusion: When injury video clips of ankle fractures were matched to their corresponding radiographs, the LH system was 65% (17/26) consistent in predicting fracture patterns from the deforming injury mechanism. When the AO classification system was used, consistency was 81% (21/26). The AO classification, despite its development as a purely radiographic system, correlated with in vivo injuries, as based on observed mechanism of injury, more closely than did the LH system. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
AIS Electronic Library (AISeL)

Increasing concerns about climate change mean that more and more enterprises hare adopting green strategies that complement their business, operations, and asset strategies. In addition, as information technology (IT) has permeated business processes and supply chains, the use of so-called Green IT can offer an important way to alleviate climate change reduce costs, and improve their public image. The key points with regard to the use of such technology are employee satisfaction and their continuance usage intention of Green IT. This study thus adopts the expectation disconfirmation theory (EDT) to develop a research model that examines the continuance intention to use Green IT. The research hypotheses derived from this model will be empirically validated using the data collected from employees of organizations that use Green IT. The research results are expected to shed lights on how the key influencing factors of green IT usage, including perceived value, disconfirmation of value, perceived service quality, and disconfirmation of service quality, may influence user satisfaction and continuance intention to use such IT in organizations. As a result, the results of this study can provide managers with guidelines regarding promoting the use of Green IT in their organizations.
Living in Danger

In this article on the effects of chronic traumatization, research is reviewed regarding the association between chronicity of traumatization and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology. The contribution of the broader traumatic context to PTSD symptomatology is also examined. This review focuses on three populations: combat veterans, child sexual abuse survivors, and survivors of domestic violence. The challenges of defining chronicity of a traumatic event and traumatic context are addressed. Finally, suggestions for future directions are provided.
Molecular investigation of interspousal transmission of hepatitis C virus in two Japanese patients who acquired acute hepatitis C after 40 or 42 years of marriage

A 65‐year‐old woman (C1I) and a 65‐year‐old man (C2I) contracted acute hepatitis C 40 or 42 years after marriage, respectively, in Japan. They had no discernible risk factors for acquiring hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, except that they had monogamous sexual relationships with their spouses (C1S [66‐year‐old] with hepatocellular carcinoma and C2S [64‐year‐old] with liver cirrhosis, respectively) who were infected with HCV of the same genotype (1b) and had a high‐titer HCV RNA in the serum (bDNA probe assay, 17 Meq/ml [C1S] and 15 Meq/ml [C2S]). The HCV isolates from Patients C1I and C1S and those from Patients C2I and C2S shared identity of 99.9% and 99.1%, respectively, in the 1,087‐nucleotide (nt) sequence of the NS5B region, although these four isolates were only 91.7%–96.2% identical to the 94 reported genotype 1b isolates including those from Japanese patients. To confirm the high degree of genetic relatedness among ten HCV clones from each spouse within each pair of spouses, the E1 and E2 junctional region sequence (268 or 271 nt) including hypervariable region 1 (HVR‐1) was analyzed. There was a close relationship between clones obtained from each spouse within each couple. Regarding the HVR‐1 amino acid sequence, nine of the ten C1I clones were 100% identical with six of the ten C1S clones, and one each of the C2I and C2S clones differed by only one amino acid residue. This study indicates that two Japanese patients with acute hepatitis C had acquired HCV infection most probably by interspousal sexual transmission during a long‐lasting marriage. J. Med. Virol. 75:258–266, 2005. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
3D information manipulation and collaboration for internet virtual space

The SHINE system, developed in Virtual Reality Center, ETRI, is a middleware for implementing distributed networked virtual environments. It has a distributed clientserver structure, manages multiple virtual spaces and realizes internet collaborations and real-time sharing of 3-D data between users. In this paper, we extend the authors’ previous results by adding a number of functionality and objectoriented characteristics to the client browser module for the SHINE system The improvement in the SHINE system includes text chatting, video conferencing and a number of utilities for internet collaboration. Keywork Virtual reality, internet collaboration, 3D information manipulation
Vestibular Dysfunction after Subconcussive Head Impact.

Current thinking views mild head impact (i.e., subconcussion) as an underrecognized phenomenon that has the ability to cause significant current and future detrimental neurological effects. Repeated mild impacts to the head, however, often display no observable behavioral deficits based on standard clinical tests, which may lack sensitivity. The current study investigates the effects of subconcussive impacts from soccer heading with innovative measures of vestibular function and walking stability in a pre- 0-2 h, post- 24 h post-heading repeated measures design. The heading group (n = 10) executed 10 headers with soccer balls projected at a velocity of 25 mph (11.2 m/sec) over 10 min. Subjects were evaluated 24 h before, immediately after, and 24 h after soccer heading with: the modified Balance Error Scoring System (mBESS); a walking stability task with visual feedback of trunk movement; and galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) while standing with eyes closed on foam. A control group (n = 10) followed the same protocol with no heading. The results showed significant decrease in trunk angle, leg angle gain, and center of mass gain relative to GVS for the heading group compared with controls. Medial-lateral trunk orientation displacement and velocity during treadmill walking increased immediately after mild head impact for the heading group compared with controls. Controls showed an improvement in mBESS scores over time, indicating a learning effect, which was not observed with the heading group. These results suggest that mild head impact leads to a transient dysfunction in vestibular processing, which deters walking stability during task performance.
Computational Design and Biological Testing of Highly Cytotoxic Colchicine Ring A Modifications

Microtubules are the primary target for many anti‐cancer drugs, the majority of which bind specifically to β‐tubulin. The existence of several β‐tubulin isotypes, coupled with their varied expression in normal and cancerous cells provides a platform upon which to construct selective chemotherapeutic agents. We have examined five prevalent human β‐tubulin isotypes and identified the colchicine‐binding site as the most promising for drug design based on specificity. Using this binding site as a template, we have designed several colchicine derivatives and computationally probed them for affinity to the β‐tubulin isotypes. These compounds were synthesized and subjected to cytotoxicity assays to determine their effectiveness against several cancerous cell lines. We observed a correlation between computational‐binding predictions and experimentally determined IC50 values, demonstrating the utility of computational screening in the design of more effective colchicine derivatives. The most promising derivative exhibited an IC50 approximately threefold lower than values previously reported for either colchicine or paclitaxel, demonstrating the utility of computational design and assessment of binding to tubulin.
Quality of life in breast cancer.

PURPOSE Currently, 1,721,700 women are living with breast cancer in the United States. As the number of survivors of breast cancer continues to rise, so must our knowledge about unique quality-of-life concerns. This article reports the results of a study on quality of life in women with breast cancer and validates the model of quality of life in this population. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY To explore these concerns and to validate a breast cancer quality-of-life model, 21 survivors of breast cancer, across three age strata (younger than 40 years, 40 to 60 years, and older than 60 years), were interviewed and asked to complete quantitative surveys on pain and quality of life. RESULTS Across all age groups, unique issues of survivorship include those related to physical, psychological, social, and spiritual well-being. In the domain of physical well-being, the areas of worst outcome were in menstrual changes and fertility, fatigue, and pain. In the domain of psychological well-being, predominant needs were in the areas of fear of the spread of cancer, distress from surgery, recurrence, fear of second cancer, impact on self-concept, and fear of future tests. The social well-being subscale identified the greatest disruption in the area of family distress. The spiritual well-being subscale showed greatest disruption in the area of uncertainty, although other aspects of this domain were usually rated in a positive direction (e.g., importance of religious activities). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The data demonstrated the need for further research, assessment, and intervention across each of the quality-of-life domains. There is a significant need to address physical problems; however, the psychological domain demonstrated the greatest area of distress. The multidimensional needs of breast cancer survivors emphasize the need for multidisciplinary collaboration.
Genetic evidence that the XylS regulator of the Pseudomonas TOL meta operon controls the Pm promoter through weak DNA-protein interactions

The activation of the Pm promoter of the meta operon of the TOL plasmid of Pseudomonas putida by its cognate XylS activator protein in the presence and absence of benzoate inducers has been examined in specialized Escherichia coli strains carrying Pm-lacZ fusions and the xylS gene in different configurations in which all controlling elements are present in near native conditions and stoichometry. Expression of a chromosomal Pm-xylX::lacZ fusion was primarily dependent on the addition of an effector at a low xylS gene dosage, but such dependency decreased with increasing levels of the regulator, to the point that hyperproduced XylS could, in the absence of any aromatic effector, raise expression to a level 10(4)-fold higher than normal basal levels. Pm activity never reached a defined saturation level within the range of intracellular concentrations permitted by the intrinsic solubility of the protein, thus suggesting a low degree of occupancy of the OmR and OmL (Om right and left half-sites, respectively) operator sequences by XylS. This was confirmed by transcription interference experiments, which indicated that the frequency of occupation of Pm by active XylS is low. This property permits a fine tuning of Pm activity in vivo through changes in intracellular XylS concentrations, as is predicted in current models to account for the coordinated regulation of TOL operons.
Differences in Rubisco and chlorophyll content among tissues and growth stages in two tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties.

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (Rubisco) is a key enzyme in the photosynthetic assimilation of CO2 and the most abundant leaf protein. The amounts of chlorophyll (chl) and Rubisco have often been considered, respectively, as indices of light harvesting and Calvin cycle capacities of leaves. The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in chlorophyll content and the level of Rubisco protein in various plant tissues at different growth stages in two tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties. The results show an increase of the amount of both chlorophyll and Rubisco protein at vegetative growth stages (leaf expansion), which was followed by a gradual decline during anthesis, probably as a consequence of changes in the balance of their synthesis and degradation reported previously – Rubisco could be remobilized and reused in the production of reproductive structures. However, the increase in the amount of Rubisco and chlorophyll at ripening stage (more in Tres Cantos variety) contrasts with the decrease reported in other studies when degradation is becoming predominant during senescence.
Communicating actionable user research for human-centered design

Abstract In human-centered design, user research drives design decisions by providing an understanding of end users. In practice, different people, teams, or even companies manage each step of the design process, making communication of user research results a critical activity. Based on an empirical study of current methods used by experts, this paper presents strategies for effectively communicating user research findings across organizational or corporate boundaries. To build researcher–client relationships, understand both user and client needs, and overcome institutional inertia, this paper proposes viewing user research clients as users of user research outcomes. This reframing of the crafting of communication across boundaries as a parallel internal human-centered design process we refer to as a double ethnography.
Does yttrium radiosynovectomy increase the risk of cancer in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?

Objective: To study the long term risk of cancer in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have been treated with yttrium. Methods: The medical record numbers of 1228 patients with RA who were admitted to hospital in 1979–85 were identified in the database of Jyväskylä Central Hospital. Radiosynovectomy of the knee joint was performed in a total of 143 patients using yttrium-90 silicate during the years 1970–85, while 1075 did not receive yttrium radiosynovectomy; 10 received yttrium treatment later than 1985 and were excluded from the analysis. The Finnish Cancer Registry database was used to examine whether the subjects had cancer during the follow up from 1979 until the end of 1999. Results: Nine cases of cancer were found among the patients who had received yttrium, whereas the expected number based on the incidence among the population in the region was 14.9. The standardised incidence ratio of cancer was 0.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.3 to 1.1) for the patients who received yttrium, and 1.1 (95% CI 0.9 to 1.3) for the patients who did not receive yttrium. Conclusions: Yttrium treatment did not increase the risk of cancer.
Estimation of Nickel in Different Smokeless Tobacco Products and Their Impact on Human Health of Oral Cancer Patients

It has been extensively investigated that the chewing of smokeless tobacco (SLT) products may enhance the inflammation of the oral cavity. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between nickel (Ni) exposure via different SLT products with oral cancer (different sites) incidence in the population of Sindh, Pakistan. The different brands of SLT products (mainpuri, gutkha, and moist snuff) commonly consumed by the studied population were analyzed for Ni contents. The biological samples of oral cancer patients and noncancerous control subjects of both genders, who have or have not consumed SLT products, were collected. The concentration of Ni in biological samples and SLT products were measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometer after microwave-assisted acid digestion. The validity and accuracy of the methodology were checked by using certified reference materials. The results of this study showed that the Ni level was significantly higher in scalp hair and blood samples of oral cancer patients compared to controls (P < 0.01). The study suggested that exposure of Ni as a result of chewing different SLT products may be synergistic with risk factors associated with oral cancer.
A Comparative Study Of Linear Predictive Analysis Methods With Application To Speaker Identification Over a scripting programing

This paper introduces a generalized formulation of linear prediction (LP), including both conventional and temporally weighted LP analysis methods as special cases. The temporally weighted methods have recently been successfully applied to noise robust spectrum analysis in speech and speaker recognition applications. In comparison to those earlier methods, the new generalized approach allows more versatility in weighting different parts of the data in the LP analysis. Two such weighted methods are evaluated and compared to the conventional spectrum modeling methods FFT and LP, as well as the temporally weighted methods WLP and SWLP. Weighted linear prediction (WLP) is a method to compute all-pole models of speech by applying temporal weighting of the square of the residual signal. By using short-time energy (STE) as a weighting function, this algorithm was originally proposed as an improved linear predictive (LP) method based on emphasising those samples that fit the underlying speech production model well The study compares the performances of SWLP algorithm with the performances of WLP and FFT algorithm . This linear predictive analysis methods are studied and compared from the point of view of robustness to noise and of application to speaker verification with implementation in MATLAB . Keywords— Linear Predictive , Weighted Linear Predictive,SWLP, Matlab .
Differential Cellular and Subcellular Localization of Heme-Binding Protein 23/Peroxiredoxin I and Heme Oxygenase-1 in Rat Liver

Heme-binding protein 23 (HBP23), also termed peroxiredoxin (Prx) I, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) are distinct antioxidant stress proteins that are co-ordinately induced by oxidative stress. HBP23/Prx I has thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase activity with high binding affinity for the pro-oxidant heme, while HO-1 is the inducible isoform of the rate-limiting enzyme of heme degradation. We investigated the cellular and subcellular localization of both proteins in rat liver. Whereas by immunohistochemistry (IHC) a uniformly high level of HBP23/Prx I expression was observed in liver parenchymal and different sinusoidal cells, HO-1 expression was restricted to Kupffer cells. By immunoelectron microscopy using the protein A–gold technique, HBP23/Prx I immunoreactivity was detected in cytoplasm, nuclear matrix, mitochondria, and peroxisomes of parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cell populations. In contrast, the secretory pathway, i.e., the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, was free of label. As determined by immunocytochemical (ICC) studies in liver cell cultures and by Western and Northern blotting analysis, HBP23/Prx I was highly expressed in cultures of isolated hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. In contrast, HO-1 was constitutively expressed only in Kupffer cell cultures but was also inducible in hepatocytes. These data suggest that HBP23/Prx I and HO-1 may have complementary antioxidant functions in different cell populations in rat liver.
The incidence and risk of acute renal failure after cardiac surgery.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate outcome and risk factors of acute renal failure in a surgical population with or without preoperative renal dysfunction. DESIGN Observational study. SETTING Intensive care unit at a University Hospital. PARTICIPANTS Five thousand sixty-eight consecutive adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. INTERVENTIONS Perioperative variables measured were age, sex, basic pathology, preoperative renal impairment defined as creatinine >1.4 mg/dL, ventricular dysfunction, preoperative neurologic event, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, type of surgery, use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) duration, redo or emergency surgery, hemorrhage, blood transfusion, surgical revisions, and postoperative complications. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Acute renal failure (100% creatinine increase) developed in 171 (3.4%) patients, whereas 94 patients (1.9% of the population) had renal replacement therapy. Hospital mortality was 40.9% in patients with acute renal failure and increased to 63.8% when renal replacement therapy was requested. Sex, age, emergency surgery, low ejection fraction, IABP device, redo, diabetes, mitral valve surgery, CPB duration, and preoperative renal disease were independently associated with acute renal failure at a multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION This study confirms that acute renal failure is one of the major complications of cardiac surgery, identifies the risk factors, and suggests that optimizing cardiac output and reducing CPB time could improve the outcome of patients at high risk of acute renal failure.
Seeing through dust and water vapor: Millimeter wave radar sensors for mining applications

This paper defines the issues required for the development of successful visualization sensors for use in open cut and underground mines. It examines the mine environment and considers both the reflectivity of the rock and attenuation effects of dust and water droplets. Millimeter wave technology, as an alternative to the more commonly used laser and sonar implementations, is selected due to its superior penetration through adverse atmospheric conditions. Of the available radar techniques, frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) is selected as being the most robust. The theoretical performance of a number of 77 and 94 GHz FMCW millimeter wave radar systems is determined and these confirm the capability of these sensors in the mining environment. Implementations of FMCW radar sensors for simple ranging and three‐dimensional surface profiling are discussed before data obtained during field trials in mines is presented to justify the selection of this technology. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.