Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone, a Free Radical Scavenger, Reduces Mechanical Allodynia in Chemotherapy-induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats

Background:Paclitaxel is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug for breast and ovarian cancer. Unfortunately, it induces neuropathic pain, which is a dose-limiting side effect. Free radicals have been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases. The current study tests the hypothesis that a free radical scavenger plays an important role in reducing chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. Methods:Neuropathic pain was induced by intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel (2 mg/kg) on four alternate days (days 0, 2, 4, and 6) in male Spraue-Dawley rats. Phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN), a free radical scavenger, was administered intraperitoneally as a single dose or multiple doses before or after injury. Mechanical allodynia was measured by using von Frey filaments. Results:The administration of paclitaxel induced mechanical allodynia, which began to manifest on days 7–10, peaked within 2 weeks, and plateaued for at least 2 months after the first paclitaxel injection. A single injection or multiple intraperitoneal injections of PBN ameliorated paclitaxel-induced pain behaviors in a dose-dependent manner. Further, multiple administrations of PBN starting on day 7 through day 15 after the first injection of paclitaxel completely prevented the development of mechanical allodynia. However, an intraperitoneal administration of PBN for 8 days starting with the first paclitaxel injection did not prevent the development of pain behavior. Conclusions:This study clearly shows that PBN alleviated mechanical allodynia induced by paclitaxel in rats. Furthermore, our data show that PBN given on days 7 through 15 after the first paclitaxel injection prevented the development of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. This clearly has a clinical implication.
Interactive Relationship between Sports Leisure Industry and City Development

Based on the consideration of the actual situation in China,this paper analyzed the interactive relationship between the sports leisure industry and the city development.It concluded that the city development can promote the demand among citizens for sports leisure,and the development of the city is a necessary requisite to that of sports leisure industry.In the meantime,the paper pointed out mat sports leisure industry plays an important part in image molding,economic scale and industrial structure of a city.
Examining a Key Aspect of Agency-to-Business Relationships: The Effects of Regulatory Control on the Satisfaction of Regulated Firms

ABSTRACT This paper studies an overlooked, but highly important relationship, the relationship that exists between regulatory agencies (e.g., the EPA, OSHA, and the FDA) and the for-profit businesses they attempt to govern. Drawing on business-to-business control and satisfaction research, a framework is developed to understand how regulatory control influences the satisfaction levels of customer firms. Regulatory control is disaggregated into four distinct facets: the controlling agency, the rules and regulations of control, the processes used by the agency to apply the regulations, and sanctions. Each facet is hypothesized to have an effect on satisfaction. A regulator's administration of state food safety regulations provides the empirical context for testing the hypotheses. Results from a survey of 173 restaurants provide empirical support for the conceptual model. Most importantly, the study finds that the informal control process increases customer satisfaction, while the formal control process decreases customer satisfaction. We discuss how these and other findings may contribute to more effective agency-to-business relationships and ongoing research.
Technological capability building in MNE-Related social businesses of less developed countries : the experience of Grameen-Danone foods in Bangladesh

Although there has been considerable research on firm-level technological capability building in the context of developing economies, there is a scarcity of studies which examine this issue in multinational enterprises socially motivated businesses located in less developed economies.This paper examines the latterissue on the basis of first-hand empirical evidence derived from an extensive field research on Grameen-Danone Foods Limited GDFL in Bangladesh. The study found that GDFL generated relevant spillovers to the host economy by accumulating production capabilities in association with innovation capabilities at intermediate levels across four technological functions project management, process and production organization, product centred and equipment-related. Apart from revealing the types of frugal and reverse innovationswhich emanates from such a business, our study also explores unlike existing studies which only focus on the financial and social benefits the technological benefits generated from a social business model. Understanding the nature and dynamics of technological activities in social businesses of less developed economies is relevant for the achievement of enhanced local, autonomous and sustainable economic and social development.
The utility of entoptic perimetry as a screening test for cytomegalovirus retinitis.

OBJECTIVE To determine the sensitivity and specificity of entoptic perimetry as a noninvasive test for detecting retinal damage due to peripheral cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. DESIGN A masked study comparing entoptic perimetry with fundus photography under 4 experimental conditions (determined by increasing pixel sizes) on 2 separate testing sessions. SETTING Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Ocular Research Unit at the University of California, San Diego. PATIENTS Twenty-four human immunodeficiency virus-positive and 8 human immunodeficiency virus-negative subjects; 21 eyes with documented CMV retinitis, and 26 eyes that were retinitis free. MEASUREMENTS For each testing session, screening method, and condition, the presence of CMV retinitis was determined for each meridian (i.e., clock hour), each quadrant (consisting of 3 meridians), and each eye (consisting of all meridians); the amount of retinitis was defined as the percentage of meridians or quadrants with CMV retinitis. RESULTS Entoptic perimetry was as sensitive and specific as fundus photography in determining the presence of CMV retinitis. Determination of the amount of CMV retinitis tended to be underestimated by perimetry for larger pixel sizes. CONCLUSION Entoptic perimetry may be an effective and inexpensive alternative to fundus photography for CMV retinitis in hospitals and community clinics.
Mandatory Audit Committees in Australia: Are There Economic Justifications?

The introduction of the ASX guidelines and the subsequent introduction of the Listing Rule 12.70 resulted in mandatory audit committees for the top 500 ASX listed companies effective from 1 January 2003. Non-top 500 firms, therefore, do not have to have audit committees as they are not subject to the Listing Rule 12.70. However, these firms are subject to Listing Rule 4.10. 3 and therefore, either must have audit committee or explain why not. This provided the unique opportunity for a comparative study between the firms that have audit committees and those that do not. Taking an advantage of the opportunity, this paper investigated whether the new regulation mandating an audit committee is economically justified or simply window dressing. Each firm’s beta (β) and return on assets (ROA) are used as surrogates for economic benefits. After controlling for firm size, financial leverage, board size, CEO duality and industry sector, the empirical results of 100 sampled firms showed conflicting evidence in support of the hypothesises that firms with an audit committee are better able to manage risk and they also utilized firms’ resources more effectively than those without audit committees.
The Interrelationship of Personal Variables, Website Characteristics and Trust in Online Travel Portals

Abstract Lack of trust in online transactions has been cited, by scholars in the past, as the main reason for the dislike of online shopping. The objective of this paper is to develop a framework for studying the influence of website characteristics on Trust in online travel portals and empirically validate it. In the first phase, a causal model is developed in which the relative importance attached to the different website characteristics, to generate trust in online travel portals, are identified. In the next phase, a set of models has been proposed, that focus on the customers' personal variables, i.e., demographic and psychographic—that moderate the relationship between these antecedents of trust, and trust. Our empirical model offers insights into the relative importance of the website characteristics contributing to trust in travel portals across customers of varying psychographic and demographic values in India.
Synthesis of antibacterial silver-based nanodisks and dendritic structures mediated by royal jelly

The one-step preparation of silver nanoparticles and dendritic structures mediated by aqueous royal jelly solutions has been investigated for the first time. It has been found that royal jelly (RJ) is a complex organic matrix that can be simultaneously used as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the chemical synthesis of colloidal silver-based nanostructures from aqueous AgNO3 solutions, without the requirement of additional reagents or heating sources to initiate the oxidation–reduction reactions. The resulting product consisted of very fine single-crystal disks of Ag and silver 4,4′-dimethyldiazoaminobenzene (a triazenic compound). Both kinds of particles tended to coalesce and form supramolecular dendritic structures, the AgNO3/RJ weight ratio chosen in the synthesis being a key parameter to control the crystal growth and the microstructural properties of the Ag nanodisks. Data obtained from Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy analysis indicated that these nanostructures are coated by RJ biomolecules (residues of proteins and carbohydrates). In vitro biological assays showed that these nanostructures exhibit a promising enhanced antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Patient adherence with COPD therapy

Although there are very few published studies on adherence to treatment regimens in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the evidence that exists suggests that, as with asthma therapy, adherence is poor. Patient beliefs about COPD, as well as their motivation and expectations about the likelihood of success of medical interventions, can influence adherence rates. Other critical factors include the patient's understanding of their illness and therapy, and the complexity of the prescribed treatment regimen. Incorrect inhaler technique is also a common failing. When prescribing in primary or specialist care, healthcare professionals should address adherence as a vital part of the patient consultation. Improved patient education may also increase adherence rates.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pengungkapan Intellectual Capital Pada Perusahaan Property dan Real Estate

The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of firm age, firm size, leverage, profitability and concentration of ownership on intellectual capital disclosure. The sample of this study is from property and real estate firm that listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2010 until 2014. This research using purposive sampling method, to determine the sample of this research with 80 companies as population and 16 companies as sample. This research using multiple linear regression analyzed method by SPSS program version 22 for windows. Partially, the results of this research indicate that only firm size has an effect on intellectual capital disclosure, while firm age, leverage, profitability and concentration of ownership do not have an effect on intellectual capital disclosure. The result also indicates that firm age, firm size, leverage, profitability and concentration of ownership simultaneously have an effect on intellectual capital disclosure. DOI: 10.15408/ess.v5i2. 2350
Dissocial behavior, the 5HTTLPR polymorphism, and maltreatment in women with bulimic syndromes

We recently reported that, among bulimic women, previously abused carriers of the 5HTTLPR S allele showed special propensities towards novelty seeking (implying recklessness or impulsivity) and interpersonal insecurity. We subsequently re‐analyzed our data, to examine the bearing of the 5HTTLPR polymorphism and prior sexual or physical maltreatment upon validated, higher‐order personality‐traits. Ninety women with bulimic syndromes were genotyped for 5HTTLPR “short” (S) and “long” (LG and LA) alleles, and then assessed for eating symptoms, history of sexual or physical abuse, and the higher‐order personality traits Emotional Dysregulation, Dissocial Behavior, Inhibition, and Compulsivity. With a classification based on a biallelic model of 5HTTLPR (i.e., presence or absence of at least one S‐allele copy), multiple regression indicated a significant proportion of variance in Dissocial Behavior to be explained by an abuse × genotype interaction—greater psychopathology occurring in abused S‐allele carriers. A parallel analysis applying a triallelic model of 5HTTLPR (i.e., presence or absence of at least one copy of presumably low‐function S or LG alleles) produced a similar pattern, but no statistically significant effect. The finding that bulimic 5HTTLPR S‐allele carriers who are previously abused display elevations on Dissocial Behavior corroborates previous observations concerning phenomenological correlates of traumatic stress in 5HTTLPR S allele carriers. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selecting Maritime Disaster Response Capabilities

Using a structured, qualitative evaluation schema complemented by expert rating, we evaluate the capabilities and utility of ships in the United States Navy and United States Military Sealift inventory. We find that there are specific types of vessels with significant disaster response utility and recommend a flotilla type that would be best suited for these types of operations. Utilizing an exploratory framework that evaluates three diverse disaster cases, we scale the utility of each vessel using subject matter experts. This work should be of interest to national policy-makers as well as international governing bodies and leaders of naval institutions for its recommendations on the type of ships most useful for contributing to effective disaster response. The capabilities identified in this research are found in various naval and maritime organizations throughout the world, and this work can help assist those organizations identify the types of capabilities that are most useful in the event of a disaster. DOI: 10.12660/joscmv6n2p40-58 URL: http://dx.doi. org/10.12660/joscmv6n2p40-58
Investigation of Flip-Flop Effects in a Linear Analog Comparator-With-Hysteresis Circuit

The impact of the positive feedback loop on analog single event transient (ASET) shapes was investigated for a comparator-with-hysteresis circuit. Simulation based on previous developed ASET simulation tool is used to model the impact of the power supply voltage, the input voltage level and the injected energy. Simulation results show that these kinds of circuits are sensitive to flip-flop effects. This phenomenon occurs if the input voltage is in the hysteresis band range. In this case, simulations show that the ASET can latch the output into a non-desired state by changing the state of the circuit on his transfer characteristic curves. Laser experiments were conducted and show that the simulation outputs are in agreement with the experimental collected data.
ADOPTION OF STRATEGIC GOALS EXPLORING THE SUCCESS OF STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION THROUGH ORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITIES

This study is about the success of strategy implementation. Implementation, the conceptual counterpart of strategy formulation, has been regarded as an extremely challenging area in management practice. Still, strategy implementation has received remarkably less attention in the strategic management literature. The existing implementation frameworks are mostly normative and rather limited. On the other hand, the strategy as practice research agenda has emerged to study strategy on the micro level, as a social phenomenon. Practice researchers have introduced an activity-based view on strategy which is concerned with the day-to-day activities of organizational life which relate to strategic outcomes. Still, there is a clear need to know more about these strategic activities: what are they like, and how are they related to strategic outcomes. This study explores the success of strategy implementation in terms of organizational activities, by focusing on two questions: how are strategic goals realized through organizational activities and how are strategic activities related to the success of strategic goal’s adoption? The research questions are addressed empirically in a multiple case study setting, in which qualitative data from 101 interviews plus rich supplementary archival data are generated and analyzed with a grounded theory approach. The analysis produces a general strategic activity categorization consisting of 25 activities under five main activity categories of determining, communicating, controlling, organizing, and interacting with the environment. The activities divide into existing and desired ones, which further divide into enhancing and novel ones. The analysis reveals that successful adoption of a strategic goal is related to the existence of socalled necessary strategic activities, a moderate set of desired activities that enhance the existing ones, and an extensive repertoire of novel desired activities. In addition, the scope of the strategic goal’s origin and its coherence with other elements of strategy is proposed to contribute to the adoption of the strategic goal. The study contributes to the strategy as practice discussion by taking the activitybased view seriously and showing in detail what the strategic activities are like and how they are linked to the success of strategy implementation. The research reveals that strategy implementation is a much more complicated, creative, communicative, and external-oriented phenomenon than the extant literature presents. Furthermore, this study adds to the very limited empirical research on how strategies are adopted and enacted on all organizational levels. The practical implications of the study concern critical evaluation of existing and desired activity patterns, as well as understanding the significance of the strategic goal’s origin and the coherence of the strategic whole.
Psychological Contract Types as Moderator in the Breach-Violation and Violation-Burnout Relationships

ABSTRACT This research examined the relationships between perceived psychological contract breach, felt violation, and burnout in a sample (n = 361) of employees from various organizations in Pakistan. The moderating role of contract types in these relationships was also tested. Findings supported a positive association between perceived psychological contract breach and felt violation and both were positively related to burnout. Transactional and relational contracts moderated the felt violation-burnout relationship. Scores on relational contract type tended to be higher than for transactional contract type showing some contextual influence.
A recurrent mutation in the 5′‐UTR of IFITM5 causes osteogenesis imperfecta type V

A Recurrent Mutation in the 50-UTR of IFITM5 Causes Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type V Masaki Takagi, Shuhei Sato, Keiichi Hara, Chihiro Tani, Osamu Miyazaki, Gen Nishimura, and Tomonobu Hasegawa* Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan Perinatal Medical Center of Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan Department of Pediatrics, Kure Medical Center, Hiroshima, Japan Department of Radiology, Hiroshima City Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan Department of Radiology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
Bilateral Financial Linkages and Global Imbalances: A View on the Eve of the Financial Crisis

We present a novel and comprehensive dataset of bilateral gross and net external positions in various financial instruments for the main advanced and emerging economies and regions, designed to improve our understanding of cross-border financial linkages. The data show no strong correspondence between country or region pairs with the largest gross versus net external positions, and the importance of international financial centers, including offshore centers, in intermediating financial flows. We also highlight some important data gaps in completing a network of cross-border holdings, related to the limited available information on the size and geographical pattern of external claims and liabilities of offshore centers, oil exporters, and other mostly emerging markets.
Power Switches: Some User Expectations and Preferences

Three brief studies were conducted by the IBM Boca Raton Human Factors department to investigate user expectations and preferences regarding power switches. In the first study, 24 IBM employees were surveyed by showing them a power supply with a paddle switch in front. The results indicated that if the power switch was mounted vertically, 100% of the sample expected UP to be ON. When the switch was mounted horizontally on the front, 25% of the sample expected LEFT to be ON, and the other 75% expected RIGHT to be ON. Ninety IBM employees participated in the second study. The purpose of this study was to investigate the way people expect a rocker switch to work when it is located on the side of the machine. Overall, 46% of the sample expected the switch AWAY from the operator to be ON, and 54% expected the switch TOWARD the operator to be ON. In the third study, 49 IBM employees responded to a mailed questionnaire, and 24 participants from a temporary employment agency completed the same questionnaire. The results for the six items were: 1. For UP/DOWN switch: UP=ON: 97%, DOWN=ON: 03% 2. For LEFT/RIGHT switch: LEFT=ON:29%, RIGHT=ON:71% 3. For AWAY/TOWARD switch: AWAY=ON:52%, TOWARD=ON:48% 4. Style preference (IBM Employees), (Agency Personnel) UP/DOWN:94% UP/DOWN:58% LEFT/RIGHT:02% LEFT/RIGHT:29% AWAY/TOWARD:04% AWAY/TOWARD:13% 5. Location preference: FRONT:72%, SIDE:25%, BACK:03% 6. Side preference: LEFT:10%, RIGHT:90% Since it appears that virtually 100% of users have the same expectation regarding the operation of a vertical power switch, designers should avoid using other power switch orientations. This is not a critical design issue, but it is better to design machines the way that users expect them to work.