Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Currency Unions, Economic Fluctuations, and Adjustment

This paper examines the sources of disturbances to output in the United States and a set of EU countries and analyzes labor market adjustment mechanisms in these two economic areas. Comparable datasets comprising 1-digit sectoral data for eight U.S. regions and eight European countries are constructed and used to compare the degree of industrial diversification and the relative importance of different sources of shocks to output growth. Both areas are found to be subject to similar overall disturbances although a disaggregated perspective reveals some important differences. The major difference, however, is in labor market adjustment. Interregional labor mobility appears to be a much more important adjustment mechanism in the United States, which has a more integrated labor market than the EU.
The Effects of Capital Structure on Banks' Performance, the Ugandan Perspective

The paper aims to investigate the effects of capital structure on banks’ performance on Ugandan banks for a ten years period, 2006–2015 with a sample of 20 commercial banks. The study employs four performance indicators of return on equity, return on assets, net interest margin and cost to income ratio to determine bank performance. Panel regression models are used to determine the effects of capital structure on bank performance. Independent variables are sub‑divided into capital structure variables namely; long‑term debt to total assets, short‑term debt to total assets and total debt ratio and then control variables are bank size and tangibility of assets. Results portray that there is a positive relationship between capital structure variables and bank performance. It’s between long‑term debts, total debt with net interest margin. There is also a positive relationship between total debt and return on assets. It is still the same between total debt and returns on equity. However, there is a negative relationship between short‑term debt and return on assets. The results also signify a positive relationship between bank size and net interest margin. It is still the same between bank size and returns on equity plus return on assets. There is a negative relationship between the tangibility of assets and net interest margin. It is also the same with return on equity. The findings propose that profitable banks rely more on debt financing as their financing option. This is advanced by the fact that approximately 68 % of total assets are represented by short‑term debts for Uganda’s commercial banks. This further implies that Ugandan banks largely depend on short‑term debt financing for their business operations compared to long‑term debt. Hence the study recommends that executive banking management teams plus policymakers should design prudent financing decisions aimed at reducing overreliance on debts to yield optimal capital structure levels. This will enable banks to remain at the top of the profitability game competitively in the banking industry.
Identifikasi Miskonsepsi Mahasiswa Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar pada Konsep Genetika dengan Metode CRI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman mahasiswa biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar (UNM) yang mengalami miskonsepsi, mengetahui dan tidak mengetahui konsep pada konsep genetika; subkonsep yang sering menjadi miskonsepsi dan faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya miskonsepsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik CRI (Certainty of Response Index) untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi mahasiswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah mahasiswa biologi UNM. Sampel sebagai subjek penelitian ialah mahasiswa biologi UNM angkatan 2011 sebanyak 91 orang yang terdiri atas dua kelas yaitu kelas ICP (International Class Program) dan Kelas A program studi pendidikan. Instrumen menggunakan tes diagnostik berbentuk pilihan ganda beralasan yang dilengkapi dengan nilai CRI dan wawancara terstruktur untuk mengetahui penyebab miskonsepsi. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terjadi miskonsepsi pada 8 subkonsep yang diteliti dengan persentase yang mengalami miskonsepsi, paham konsep dan tidak paham konsep berturut-turut sebesar 45,8%; 28,2% dan 26%. Persentase mahasiswa yang paling tinggi mengalami miskonsepsi terdapat pada subkonsep pewarisan sifat Mendel sebesar 60,2%, subkonsep sintesis protein sebesar 59% dan subkonsep mutasi sebesar 55%. Faktor-faktor yang menjadi penyebab miskonsepsi yaitu penalaran yang salah terhadap suatu konsep, ketidaklengkapan informasi yang diterima yang berasal dari mahasiswa sendiri, pengalaman dan pengamatan mahasiswa yang keliru, istilah dan konsep yang telah lama, pengalaman belajar di sekolah dan kesalahan pada buku teks. Kata Kunci: Miskonsepsi, CRI (Certainty of Response Index), Konsep Genetika
Impact of Team Learning on Business Model Innovation and Operation Performance

The purpose of this study is to investigate how team learning can influence business model innovation and firm performance. In the conceptual model, team learning is conceptualized as a second-order construct comprising of three complementary first-order dimensions: cross-team, within-team, and market learning. Using a data set from 207 electronics and information industries in China, the structural equation modeling (or SEM) results clearly indicate that team learning can improve business model innovation and firm performance. Moreover,by drawing on empirical evidence from Chinese electronics and information industries, this research study contributes to the current literature on the construct validity of team learning scale.
Analyzing Factors Affecting Tax Morale Levels in Turkey Using Alternative Ordered Response Models

The concept of tax morale is introduced to measure the reason of paying taxes by subjects. The main objective of this paper is twofold. Firstly, the present paper examines potential factors that may influence the degree of tax morale in Turkey. Secondly, the paper aims to determine the best model to explain the determinants of the degree of tax morale by a comparison of alternative ordered response models. For these purposes, a written-questionnaire was administered to 943 subjects in three cities of northern Turkey, namely, Erzurum, Erzincan, and Bayburt. Standard ordered probit (OPROBIT) and alternative ordered response models including generalized ordered logit model (GOLOGIT), partial proportional odds (PPO) model and heteroskedastic ordered logit (HOLOGIT) model were performed to determine the best model fit. Results reveal that marital status, monthly income, and operation time were positively correlated with higher degrees of tax morale. The empirical findings also indicated that higher educated subjects were more likely to have lower degrees of tax morale. Tax amnesty, higher tax load, tax system, tax policies, previous negative experiences, and efficient use of public expenditures were found to have statistically significant impact on the degree of tax morale among subjects
Do Insiders Cluster Trades with Colleagues? Evidence from Daily Insider Trading

We explore similarities in insider trading as a proxy for information flows. We observe that corporate insiders cluster trades around those of other insiders at their firm, especially around trades of insiders with whom they work closely. Clustering is greater when informational advantages are larger: during periods of low investor attention, high uncertainty, and high information asymmetry. We also document that clustered insider purchases are followed by abnormal returns in excess of 2% during the subsequent month. Our results are consistent with informed trading, which could result from information sharing among corporate insiders.
The mediation effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on the organizational learning effect of the employee performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test the effect of organizational learning on employees’ job satisfaction, the effect of organizational learning on the employees’ organizational commitment, the effect of the organizational learning on employees’ performance, the effect of job satisfaction on the employees’ performance and the effect of organizational commitment on employees’ performance in PTPN XIII (Limited Liability Company) in West Kalimantan. Design/methodology/approach The population in this research refers to all employees of PTPN XIII (Limited Liability Company) in West Kalimantan, with the criteria that the employees are from class III‒IV (population of access). The size of the sample is determined by using the partial least square approach, which is 10 times of the size of formative indicator, that is, job satisfaction with five indicators plus employee performance with eight indicators, with the total being 13 × 10 = 130 employees. The sampling method used is proportional random sampling technique, which is based on work area (three working areas: Head Office, West Kalimantan I District and West Kalimantan District II). Findings Learning organization has a significant and positive effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment, but it has no significant effect on the employee performance. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a significant effect on employee performance. Originality/value The phenomenon that existed in PTPN XIII (Limited Liability Company) and referring from various previous research results, the study regarding employee performance was conducted using organizational learning variable as an exogenous variable and using job satisfaction and organizational commitment variable as an intervening variable. Robbins (1996) revealed that the relationship between organizational learning and performance is not very close. It is necessary to have other variables that can reinforce the relationship and to determine the extent to which the organizational learning can contribute to the improvement of the performance.
RADIO AFTERGLOW OF THE JETTED TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENT SWIFT J1644+57

The recent transient event Swift J1644+57 has been interpreted as resulting from a relativistic outflow, powered by the accretion of a tidally disrupted star onto a supermassive black hole. This discovery of a new class of relativistic transients opens new windows into the study of tidal disruption events (TDEs) and offers a unique probe of the physics of relativistic jet formation and the conditions in the centers of distant quiescent galaxies. Unlike the rapidly-varying γ/X-ray emission from Swift J1644+57, the radio emission varies more slowly and is well modeled as synchrotron radiation from the shock interaction between the jet and the gaseous circumnuclear medium (CNM). Early after the onset of the jet, a reverse shock propagates through and decelerates the ejecta released during the first few days of activity, while at much later times the outflow approaches the self-similar evolution of Blandford and McKee. The point at which the reverse shock entirely crosses the earliest ejecta is clearly observed as an achromatic break in the radio light curve at t ≈ 10 days. The flux and break frequencies of the afterglow constrain the properties of the jet and the CNM, including providing robust evidence for a narrowly collimated jet. I briefly discuss the implications of Swift J1644+57 for the fraction of TDEs accompanied by relativistic jets; the physics of jet formation more broadly; and the prospects for detecting off-axis TDE radio emission, either via follow-up observations of TDE candidates discovered at other wavelengths or blindly with upcoming wide-field radio surveys. The radio rebrightening observed months after the onset of the jet remains a major unsolved mystery, the resolution of which may require considering a jet with more complex (temporal or angular) structure.
Formal techniques in the object-oriented software development: an approach based on the B method

We address the problem of modeling in B object-oriented specifications. The contribution of this research is to give a way to a formal verification of object-oriented specifications by analyzing the corresponding B specifications. This is significant where B support tools are available. We can also use object-oriented specifications as tools for building B specifications. Thus, an approach for a practical and rigorous software development, which is based on object and B from the requirements elicitation to the executable code, is proposed.
CT ANGIOGRAPHY EVALUATION OF PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE AND COMPARISON WITH COLOR DOPPLER ULTRASOUND

INTRODUCTION: Peripheral vascular disease is narrowing or occlusion of arteries and comprises of atherosclerosis, burger,s disease, Renoud,s disease and aneurysm. DSA, CT angiography and color Doppler ultrasound are the radiological modalities used for these diseases. Here we compared role of the CT angiography and Color Doppler ultrasonography in detection of peripheral vascular disease. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of CT angiography in peripheral vascular disease and comparison with color Doppler ultrasound. MATERIAL AND METHOD: we examined 50 patients by CT angiography and color Doppler ultrasound who were suspected for arterial disease. We divided the disease on the ground of severity as follows: No stenosis- grade-0, 0-25% stenosis- grade-1, 25-50% stenosis-grade-2, 50-75 % stenosis- grade-3 and 75-100% stenosis- grade-4. We compared the two modalities in terms of diagnosis and grading of peripheral vascular disease. RESULT: We found Color Doppler ultrasound detected more number of normal vessel segment, grade-1 and grade-2 stenosis. In stenosis grade-3 and grade-4 CT angiography and Color Doppler ultrasound are equally sensitive. CONCLUSION: Doppler sonography is better than CT angiography in the diagnosis of early onset (Grade I & II) cases, with a better assessment of soft plaques, segmental flow and re-canalisation in peripheral arterial disease. CDUS is the initial modality of choice in any case of peripheral arterial disease. CT angiography is more accurate in assessing grade-3 and grade-4 stenosis. CT angiography exceeds the color Doppler in detecting vascular lesions in cases of gas gangrene and thick patients.
DSL: Dynamic and Self‐Learning Schedule Method of Multiple Controllers in SDN

For the reliability of controllers in a software defined network (SDN), a dynamic and self‐learning schedule method (DSL) is proposed. This method is original and easy to deploy, and optimizes the combination of multiple controllers. First, we summarize multiple controllers’ combinations and schedule problems in an SDN and analyze its reliability. Then, we introduce the architecture of the schedule method and evaluate multi‐controller reliability, the DSL method, and its optimized solution. By continually and statistically learning the information about controller reliability, this method treats it as a metric to schedule controllers. Finally, we compare and test the method using a given testing scenario based on an SDN network simulator. The experiment results show that the DSL method can significantly improve the total reliability of an SDN compared with a random schedule, and the proposed optimization algorithm has higher efficiency than an exhaustive search.
Cluster-Based Heuristic for High Level Synthesis Design Space Exploration

High Level Synthesis (HLS) frameworks allow to describe hardware designs in a high-level language (C/C++), without burdening developers with the error-prone task of specifying their implementation in detail. The HLS process is usually controlled by user-specified directives, which influence the implementation area and latency. Nonetheless, the correlation between directives and performance is often difficult to foresee and to quantify. Addressing this challenge, we herein propose a heuristic that, by only exploring a subset of possible configurations for an HLS design, is able to retrieve a close approximation of its Pareto Frontier of non-dominated implementations. Our framework identifies regions of interest in the design space, and iteratively searches for new solutions within such regions, or in their combinations. Experimental evidence across multiple benchmarks showcases that our approach to HLS design space exploration reaches better Pareto approximations, and with less required synthesis runs, with respect to State of the Art alternatives.
Support of innovation activity in small and medium-sized enterprises in the Greater Poland Voivodeship

Motivation: Small and medium-sized enterprises, due to their large number, play an important role in the development of the Polish economy. Therefore, the focus should be on creating the right frameworks for their functioning — they should allow them to develop and stimulate the implementation of innovative solutions. Business support organizations (BSOs) are one of the entities that can facilitate development ant stimulation. The main types of BSOs in Poland are: technological parks and incubators, academic business incubators, centers for technology transfer, business angels networks, local/regional load funds, credit guarantee funds, and training and consulting centers. These entities should contribute to the implementation of new solutions in the surveyed enterprises and improve their competitive position. Aim: The aim of the article is to identify impact of business support organization on the innovation activity in industrial enterprises in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. The research hypothesis is the claim that BSOs increase the odds of implementation of new products and process in enterprises, but their impact will be different. The hypothesis will be validated on a sample of 442 small and medium-sized, manufacturing companies, which are located in Greater Poland Voivodeship. To carry out the study a multi-factor logit regression method will be used. Results: The research hypothesis is confirmed — BSOs increase the chances on innovation activity but their influence is different. Most effective are training and consulting centers and financing organizations, but this institution stimulate the implementation of new products and processes on the scale of the enterprise and innovation centers (technology parks, academic business incubators and technology transfer offices) of the country.
A Review of Circular Economy Development Models in China, Germany and Japan

The circular economy (CE) concept is gaining traction as a sustainable strategy for reducing waste and enhancing resource efficiency. This concept has been adopted in some countries such as Denmark, Netherlands, Scotland, Sweden, Japan, China, and Germany while it is being considered by others including England, Austria, and Finland. The CE has been employed in the manufacturing, agricultural, textile, and steel industries but its implementation varies. It is against this backdrop that this study seeks to identify CE implementation in three pioneering countries (China, Japan, and Germany). A critical review and analysis of the literature was conducted. The results revealed enabling and core policies/laws for the development of the CE concept. It also identified the implementation structure of the CE in China, Germany, and Japan. In conclusion, the findings of this study are expected to serve as a guide for developing and implementing the CE concept in various sectors of the economy.
Trends in data replication strategies: a survey

ABSTRACT Data Grids allow many organisations and individuals to share their data across long-distance areas. Nowadays, a huge amount of data is produced in all scientific fields and to enhance collaboration and data sharing, it is necessary to make this data available to as many nodes of the grid as possible. Data replication is the technique used to provide this availability. Moreover, it improves access time and reduces the bandwidth used. Recently, data replication has received considerable attention and several new algorithms have been developed. This article provides an overview of the state-of-the-art techniques of data replication. We identify the advantages and disadvantages of these strategies and discuss about their performance. Graphical Abstract
Optimal investment for agricultural growth and poverty reduction in the democratic republic of congo a two-sector economic growth model

ABSTRACT We propose a two-sector economic growth model and solve it numerically using the relaxation algorithm to determine the optimal levels of investment for sustainable agricultural growth and poverty reduction. Overall, our findings suggest that past dismal growth performance and poverty trends in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) are due to sub-optimal investment in agricultural sector. Our results suggest that optimal level of agricultural investment paves the way to achieving both growth and poverty goals faster than it would have been possible otherwise. Over the period 2002-2012, agricultural investment represents only 45% of its optimal levels. Under the optimal investment scenario, agricultural GDP grows faster. However, agricultural GDP growth rate falls significantly behind that of non-agricultural GDP, and thus delay the achievement of growth and poverty goals. Simulation results suggest that additional agricultural investment coupled with improved agricultural inputs productivity will speed up the country’s pace toward achieving growth and poverty reduction targets: a 10% increase in labour productivity combined with a 10% increase in land productivity reduces by 18 years the amount of time within which the CAADP growth goal will be reached and increases the pace of poverty reduction.
Exemplar-Based Model of Social Judgment

As an alternative to algebraic and schematic models of social judgment, a new exemplar-based model holds that representations of specific individuals influence judgments about persons and groups. (a) As the perceiver encounters or thinks about an individual, a representation of that exemplar as interpreted by the perceiver is stored in memory. (b) When a target person is encountered later, known attributes of similar exemplars from memory influence judgments about the target. Similarity is modulated by the perceiver's attention to stimulus dimensions. (c) Social and motivational factors, including self-schemata, social context, and in-group/out-group dynamics, influence social judgment by affecting perceiver's attention to dimensions