Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inspiratory and Expiratory Respiratory Muscle Training as an Adjunct to Concurrent Strength and Endurance Training Provides No Additional 2000 m Performance Benefits to Rowers

The purpose of this study was to examine respiratory muscle training (RMT) combined with 9 weeks of resistance and endurance training on rowing performance and cardiopulmonary responses. Twenty-seven rowers (mean ± SD: age = 27 ± 9 years; height = 176.9 ± 10.8 cm; and body mass = 76.1 ± 12.6 kg) were randomly assigned to an inspiratory only (n = 13) or expiratory only (n = 14) training group. Both RMT programs were 3 sets of 10 reps, 6 d/wk in addition to an identical 3 d/wk resistance and 3 d/wk endurance training program. Both groups showed similar improvements in 2000 m rowing performance, cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, and maximum inspiratory (PImax) and expiratory (PEmax) pressures (p < .05). It was concluded that there were no additional benefits of 9 weeks of inspiratory or expiratory RMT on simulated 2000 m rowing performance or cardiopulmonary responses when combined with resistance and endurance training in rowers.
Comparison between stimulation with highly purified hMG or recombinant FSH in patients undergoing IVF with GnRH antagonist protocol

Abstract Purpose: Highly purified Human Menopausal Gonadotropins (hp-hMG) and recombinant FSH (rFSH) are widely used in assisted reproductive technology (ART). The aim of this study was to compare ART results of the two preparations in GnRH antagonist cycles. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, IVF antagonist cycles performed from 2011 through 2013 were reviewed. There were 508 antagonist cycles: 320 stimulated with rFSH and 188 with hp-hMG. For every hp-hMG, two rFSH were matched for patient's age and infertility diagnosis. Subgroup analysis of patients younger and older than 35 was done as well. Results: Both treatments were resulted in comparable pregnancy and live birth rates. However, cumulative pregnancy rates were higher for the rFSH group. In the matching analysis, the rFSH group had more mature oocytes and more embryos while using lower doses of gonadotropins. Pregnancy, cumulative pregnancy rates, and live birth rates were comparable. In the subgroup analysis, young patients in the rFSH group had better cycle outcomes compared with those in the hp-hMG group. Conclusion: In antagonist protocol, different gonadotropin products are equally effective. The choice of one or the other should depend on the availability, convenience of use, and cost.
Medical students' assessment of education and training in women's health and in sex and gender differences.

BACKGROUND The authors surveyed U.S. medical students to learn their perceptions of the adequacy of women's health and sex/gender-specific teaching and of their preparedness to care for female patients. METHODS Between September 2004 and June 2005, third and fourth year students at the 125 allopathic medical schools received an online survey conducted by the American Medical Women's Association (AMWA). Students rated the extent to which 44 topics were included in curricula from 1 to 4 (1 = no coverage, 4 = in-depth coverage) and their preparedness to perform 27 clinical skills (1 = no preparation, 4 = thorough preparation). RESULTS From 101 of the 125 schools, 1267 students responded (mean number of respondents/school = 13, SD 12). The mean curriculum rating (2.53, SD 0.52) indicated brief to moderate coverage of topics. The mean preparedness rating was higher (3.09, SD 0.44), indicating moderate preparedness. In a regression model, female student sex and site of an AMWA chapter were associated with lower mean combined curriculum and preparedness ratings (female 2.76, male 3.01, p < 0.001; AMWA 2.77, non-AMWA 2.89, p < 0.001), whereas other school characteristics (female dean, federally funded women's health program, and proportion of tenured women faculty) had no association.
Pattern of geriatric dermatoses at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of South Rajasthan, India

Aging is an inevitable and continuous process with a variable spectrum of manifestations of all organ systems including the skin [1]. Due to the degenerative and metabolic changes occurring throughout the skin layers during the aging process, some inevitable changes such as dryness, wrinkling, and laxity of the skin, and atypical presentations of dermatologic diseases are observed in elderly patients [2,3]. These dermatoses can lead to significant morbidity and affect the quality of life but are rarely fatal [4]. The global share of older people (aged 60 years or above) increased from 9.2% in 1990 to 11.7% in 2013, and will continue to grow as a proportion of the world population, reaching an estimated 21.1% by 2050 [5]. In India, there were 72 million elderly persons above 60 years of age as of 2001 and this number is likely to increase to 179 million in 2031 [6]. Advances in medical care has prolonged lifespan and expanded the elderly demographics, therefore now there is a greater need to evaluate various cutaneous disorders in the growing geriatric population. This study was aimed to know the magnitude, pattern, contributory factors ABSTRACT
THE CONTROL OF METAMORPHOSIS IN THE KISSING BUG

[Figure][1] Sir Vincent B. Wigglesworth (1899–1994) was the father of insect physiology and more particularly of insect endocrinology. He published some 264 papers (26 of them in the Journal of Experimental Biology ) on many different aspects of insect physiology, and all but 18 of his
Dopamine Axon Varicosities in the Prelimbic Division of the Rat Prefrontal Cortex Exhibit Sparse Immunoreactivity for the Dopamine Transporter

The dopamine transporter (DAT) critically regulates the duration of the cellular actions of dopamine and the extent to which dopamine diffuses in the extracellular space. We sought to determine whether the reportedly greater diffusion of dopamine in the rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) as compared with the striatum is associated with a more restricted axonal distribution of the cortical DAT protein. By light microscopy, avidin–biotin–peroxidase immunostaining for DAT was visualized in fibers that were densely distributed within the dorsolateral striatum and the superficial layers of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. In contrast, DAT-labeled axons were distributed only sparsely to the deep layers of the prelimbic cortex. By electron microscopy, DAT-immunoreactive profiles in the striatum and cingulate cortex included both varicose and intervaricose segments of axons. However, DAT-labeled processes in the prelimbic cortex were almost exclusively intervaricose axon segments. Immunolabeling for tyrosine hydroxylase in adjacent sections of the prelimbic cortex was localized to both varicosities and intervaricose segments of axons. These qualitative observations were supported by a quantitative assessment in which the diameter of immunoreactive profiles was used as a relative measure of whether varicose or intervaricose axon segments were labeled. These results suggest that considerable extracellular diffusion of dopamine in the prelimbic PFC may result, at least in part, from a paucity of DAT content in mesocortical dopamine axons, as well as a distribution of the DAT protein at a distance from synaptic release sites. The results further suggest that different populations of dopamine neurons selectively target the DAT to different subcellular locations.
Opinions of Quebec parents and vaccinators on the usefulness of chickenpox vaccine.

BACKGROUND A chickenpox vaccine was recently licensed in Canada. Because this vaccine has caused some controversy within the health care profession, studies among Quebec parents and vaccine providers were carried out, surveying their opinions concerning chickenpox vaccination. METHODS Three studies among parents of preadolescents, parents of two-year-old children completely or incompletely vaccinated and vaccinators were completed. The studies asked for opinions concerning the usefulness of vaccinating children against chickenpox. RESULTS The majority of parents of preadolescents (56%), and parents of two-year-old children completely (64%) and incompletely vaccinated (60%) favoured chickenpox vaccination. Among vaccinators, 53% of paediatricians, 37% of general practitioners and 33% of nurses considered universal vaccination of young children to be useful. A greater proportion of health care professionals were in favour of a policy of vaccinating groups at risk, such as susceptible adolescents (86%, 75% and 58%, respectively). There was a positive association between the perceived severity of chickenpox and the potential usefulness of the vaccine. CONCLUSION Quebec parents are more favourably disposed to chickenpox vaccine than vaccine providers. In contrast, strategies targeting susceptible groups would be generally well received by health care professionals. A considerable amount of work will be needed to convince vaccinators of the benefits of a universal childhood vaccination against chickenpox.
What Lurks in ULIRGs?—Probing the Chemistry and Excitation of Molecular Gas in the Nuclei of Arp 220 and NGC 6240

We have imaged the dense star-forming regions of Arp 220 and NGC 6240 in the 3 mm band transitions of CO, HCN, HCO+, HNC, and CS at 0. ″5–0. ″8 resolution using CARMA. Our data set images all these lines at similar resolutions and high sensitivity, and can be used to derive line ratios of faint high excitation lines. In both the nuclei of Arp 220, the HCN/HNC ratios suggest chemistry of X-ray Dominated Regions (XDRs)—a likely signature of an active galactic nucleus. In NGC 6240, there is no evidence of XDR type chemistry, but there the bulk of the molecular gas is concentrated between the nuclei rather than on them. We calculated molecular H2 densities from excitation analysis of each of the molecular species. It appears that the abundances of HNC and HCO+ in Ultra Luminous Infrared Galaxies may be significantly different from those in galactic molecular clouds. The derived H2 volume densities are ∼5 × 104 cm−3 in the Arp 220 nuclei and ∼104 cm−3 in NGC 6240.
Cytotoxic effects of the newly-developed chemotherapeutic agents 17-AAG in combination with oxaliplatin and capecitabine in colorectal cancer cell lines

The use of heat shock protein 90 inhibitors like 17-allylamino-17-demethoxy-geldanamycin (17-AAG) has been recently introduced as an attractive anticancer therapy. It has been shown that 17-AAG may potentiate the inhibitory effects of some classical anticolorectal cancer (CRC) agents. In this study, two panels of colorectal carcinoma cell lines were used to evaluate the effects of 17-AAG in combination with capecitabine and oxaliplatin as double and triple combination therapies on the proliferation of CRC cell lines. HT-29 and all HCT-116 cell lines were seeded in culture media in the presence of different doses of the mentioned drugs in single, double, and triple combinations. Water-soluble tetrazolium-1 (WST-1) assay was used to investigate cell proliferation 24 h after treatments. Then, dose-response curves were plotted using WST-1outputs, and IC50 values were determined. For double and triple combinations respectively 0.5 × IC50 and 0.25 × IC50 were used. Data was analyzed with the software CompuSyn. Drug interactions were analyzed using Chou-Talalay method to calculate the combination index (CI). The data revealed that 17-AAG shows a potent synergistic interaction (CI < 1) with oxaliplatin and capecitabine in double combinations (0.5 × IC50) in both cell lines. In the case of triple combinations, the findings showed an antagonistic interaction (CI > 1) in HT-29 and a synergistic effect (CI < 1) in HCT-116 (0.25 × IC50) cell lines. It was concluded that double combinations of 17-AAG with oxaliplatin or capecitabine might be effective against HCT-116 and HT-29 cell lines. However, in triple combinations, positive results were seen only against HCT-116. Further investigation is suggested to confirm the effectiveness of these combinations in clinical trials.
Ribonucleic Acid and protein metabolism in pea epicotyls : I. The aging process.

Aging of actively growing, etiolated pea Pisum sativum L. var Alaska plants was initiated by removing the plumules of plants in the third internode stage, and applying lanolin to the cut apices of otherwise intact plants. During the subsequent 4-day aging period, several degenerative events occurred in this apical 10-millimeter region. Ribosomal RNA and messenger RNA contents declined, polyribosomes disaggregated, and the protein synthesizing capacity of the polysomes decreased.Two-dimensional, silver-stained protein patterns revealed that aging altered the relative amounts of specific cellular proteins accumulated in vivo. In addition, polypeptide patterns generated by cell-free translation of total and polysomal RNA, isolated from unaged and aged tissues, showed major modifications. More than 200 spots could be resolved by two-dimensional gel fluorography of translation products using RNA from fresh tissues. Of these 200 spots, about eight appeared or increased when total RNA from aged tissue was used, and about 58 disappeared or declined. When polysomal RNA from aged tissue was used as template, about 12 spots appeared or increased, whereas about 64 disappeared or decreased. In general, the products which increased after aging were lower molecular weight and those that decreased were higher molecular weight.
Potential use of Internet‐based screening for anxiety disorders: a pilot study

Background: The Internet is a widely used resource for obtaining health information. Internet users are able to obtain anonymous information on diagnoses and treatment, seek confirmatory information, and are able to self‐diagnose. We posted a self‐report diagnostic screening questionnaire for DSM‐IV anxiety and mood disorders (MACSCREEN) on our clinic website. Method: Three hundred and two individuals completed the MACSREEN. For those who qualified for a DSM‐IV disorder, self‐report symptom severity measures were completed for the specified disorder: Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, self‐report, Social Phobia Inventory, GAD‐7, Davidson Trauma Scale, Panic and Agoraphobia Scale, and Yale/Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, self‐report. Cutoff scores for each self‐report measure were used to evaluate clinically significant symptom severity. Respondents were also asked to complete a series of questions regarding their use of the Internet for health information. Results: The mean age of the MACSCREEN sample was 35.2 years (±13.9), where the majority (67.2%) were female. The most frequently diagnosed conditions were social phobia (51.0%), major depressive disorder (32.4%), and generalized anxiety disorder (25.5%). Sixty‐five percent of the sample met criteria for at least one disorder. Most respondents reported completing the MACSCREEN, as they were concerned they had an anxiety problem (62.3%). The majority of respondents reported seeking health information concerning specific symptoms they were experiencing (54.6%) and were planning to use the information to seek further assessment (60.3%). Conclusion: Individuals with clinically significant disorder appear to be using the Internet to self‐diagnose and seek additional information. Depression and Anxiety, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lupus Anticoagulant: Influence on the International Normalized Ratio

is extremely high (1). However, three women (2nd generation) with combined vWD and antithrombin defect delivered 5 children without any thrombotic complications. Isolated antithrombin deficiency was detected in two brothers of the 3rd generation. One of them after an infection developed venous thrombosis complicated by pulmonary emboli, the second one (13 years old now) is still asymptomatic. Table 1 shows that all family members with combined antithrombin and vWF deficiency were free of thrombosis. Our observation that low content of vWF is a possible cause of lack of thrombosis in patients with AT deficiency is in agreement with data reported by Girolami et al. (7) who described a family with combined vWD type 1 and antithrombin deficiency, but did not evaluate other coagulation inhibitors. We suspect that a similar protective effect of a reduced concentration of vWF can also exist in patients with inherited heterozygous protein C deficiency. A woman 33 years old (unipara) having a combined defect in vWF (RCof 42%; vWF:Ag 48%) and protein C (38% activity; normal range 70-130%) did not suffer from any thromboembolic events. Probably as result of protein C deficiency she has relatively high (87%) procoagulant activity of factor VIII. Her brother who has vWF in normal range (RCof 110%; vWF:Ag 116%) and protein C deficiency (48% of normal functional activity) at the age of 22 suffered from arterial and venous thrombosis. Both siblings have antithrombin, protein S, APC resistance in normal range and lupus anticoagulant was excluded. Their mother has vWD type 1 but protein C in the normal range. Their father died early and could not be examined. Presented cases suggest an antithrombotic protective effect of low vWF content in patients with thrombophilia genetic defects. Asymptomatic inherited mild deficiency of vWF is very common. It is detectable in nearly 1% of general population (8). Given the frequency of vWF deficiency and a potential protective effect of low vWF level in thrombophilia patients, it may be argued that a determination of vWF might prove to be a useful tool in evaluating the risk of thrombosis in families with inherited or acquired thrombophilia. However the protective effect of diminished vWF concentration has to be confirmed by large prospective studies. Families with coexisting vWD type 1 and a thrombophilic defect (especially protein C deficiency) seem to be a new, interesting model.
Existence and uniqueness of E ∞ structures on motivic K -theory spectra

We show that algebraic K -theory KGL , the motivic Adams summand ML and their connective covers acquire unique E ∞ structures reﬁning naive multiplicative structures in the motivic stable homotopy category. The proofs combine (cid:2) -homology computations and work due to Robinson giving rise to motivic obstruction theory. As an application we employ a motivic to simplicial delooping argument to show a uniqueness result for E ∞ structures on the K -theory Nisnevich presheaf of spectra.
Antiviral effect of flavonoids on the Dengue virus

In the present study we analysed the possible antiviral effect on dengue viruses of different flavonoids extracted and identified at the Chemistry Institute, UNAM, from the Mexican plants Tephrosia madrensis, Tephrosia viridiflora and Tephrosia crassifolia. The flavonoids glabranine and 7‐O‐methyl‐glabranine presented 70% inhibition on the dengue virus at a concentration of 25 µM, while methyl‐hildgardtol A, hildgardtol A and elongatine had no effect on viral growth.
Comparison of a 6-hour and 9-hour protocol for evaluation of moderate-to-low risk chest pain patients in an emergency department diagnostic unit.

OBJECTIVE To compare the 30-day outcomes of patients enrolled in a 6-hour and 9-hour emergency department (ED)-based chest pain centre (CPC) protocol. METHODS All patients with the chief complaint of chest pain, who were older than 25 years, or with cocaine usage within 96 hours of initial presentation, were eligible for enrolment. Exclusion criteria included acute ST-segment elevation or depression >1 mm in 2 contiguous leads, history of coronary artery disease (CAD), haemodynamic instability or clinical syndromes consistent with unstable angina. Outcomes included ED disposition and cardiac events at 30 days (defined as acute myocardial infarction (AMI), percutaneous trans-luminal coronary angiography (PTCA), coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG),ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (VT/VF) arrest, congestive heart failure (CHF) admission or cardiac-related death). The 9-hour protocol consisted of ST-segment monitoring,serial CK-MB draws at 0, 3,6 and 9 hours as well as a graded exercise test (GXT) prior to ED disposition. The 6-hour protocol eliminated the 9-hour serum marker determination, included cardiac Troponin-I (cTn-I) and allowed a GXT, 3 hours earlier. Follow-up was obtained by medical record review, phone contact, letter and also review of national and state death registries. RESULTS The 9-hour protocol (October 1991-December 1997) included 2,133 patients and the 6-hour protocol (January 1998- August 1998) had 184 patients enrolled. The 6-hour protocol was not different from the 9-hour one in terms of percentage admissions (9-hour: 310, 14.5%; 6-hour: 33, 17.9%; p=0.213), Coronary Care Unit admission (9-hour: 59, 2.8%; 6-hour: 5, 2.7%; p=0.303) or 30-day cardiac events (9-hour: 38, 1.9%; 6-hour: 2, 1.3%; p=0.605). CONCLUSION The 6-hour CPC strategy is an effective and safe evaluation method for patients at low to moderate risk for acute coronary syndromes.
A hybrid sensor network for cane-toad monitoring

This demonstration shows a wireless, acoustic sensor network application--- monitoring amphibian populations in the monsoonal woodlands of northern Australia. Our system uses automatic recognition of animal vocalizations to census the populations of native frogs and the invasive introduced species, the Cane Toad (see Fig. 1). This is a challenging application because it requires high frequency acoustic sampling, complex signal processing and wide area sensing coverage [2]. Our prototype consists of a hybrid mixture of Stargates and inexpensive, resource-poor Mica motes operating in concert. The Mica motes are used to collect acoustic samples, and expand the sensor network coverage. The Stargates are used for resource-intensive tasks.
Poverty, Inequality and Rising Growth in Nigeria: Further Empirical Evidence

This study examines the relationship among poverty, inequality and economic growth in Nigeria by employing macroeconomic variables which include GDP growth rate, per capita income, literacy rate, government expenditure on education, and government expenditure on health. Time series data over the period from 1980 to 2012 were fitted into the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression equations using various econometric techniques such as Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test, Phillips-Perron unit root test, Johansen co-integration test, and Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) technique. The OLS results reveal that GDP growth rate increases inequality, but reduces poverty in the country. It is thus suggested that, aside boosting the GDP, an increased effective government spending on education and public health facilities, as well as programmes that are meant primarily for the non-privileged like children, women and the poor in general, be provided for poverty and inequality to reduce in the country.