Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Embedding Space Correlation as a Measure of Domain Similarity

Prior work has determined domain similarity using text-based features of a corpus. However, when using pre-trained word embeddings, the underlying text corpus might not be accessible anymore. Therefore, we propose the CCA measure, a new measure of domain similarity based directly on the dimension-wise correlations between corresponding embedding spaces. Our results suggest that an inherent notion of domain can be captured this way, as we are able to reproduce our findings for different domain comparisons for English, German, Spanish and Czech as well as in cross-lingual comparisons. We further find a threshold at which the CCA measure indicates that two corpora come from the same domain in a monolingual setting by applying permutation tests. By evaluating the usability of the CCA measure in a domain adaptation application, we also show that it can be used to determine which corpora are more similar to each other in a cross-domain sentiment detection task.
Longitudinal Evolution of Individuals Having Appealed Their Committal to the C.A.S. *

The longitudinal evolution of 66 patients admitted between 1976 and 1986 at the Centre Hospitalier Robert-Giffard, and who have appealed their case before the Commission des Affaires Sociales (C.A.S.) was studied. After a review of the literature, the authors compare the evolution of the patients whose appeal was accepted and who left the hospital against medical advice to those individuals whose appeal was rejected. The authors wanted to see if the first group of patients had a less favourable short-term and medium term evolution. From a study of the files and of the case notes prepared by the physicians for the C.A. S. hearings, the authors draw a profile of the typical individual of this group and they study the influence of 16 factors of dangerousness on the Commission's decisions. The results show that the short and medium term evolution of the patients who have appealed their case before the Commission does not differ significantly in the area of dangerousness, whether their appeal was accepted or rejected. However, the length of stay of those patients who had to remain in hospital was significantly longer and that may be the reason why the period of time between their discharge and their re-hospitalization was afterwards much longer. In light of these results, the authors comment on the importance given by the Commission to the legalistic rather than therapeutic aspects of cases.
Adhesion of rhomboid lip to lower cranial nerves as special consideration in microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: Report of two cases

Background Although the rhomboid lip is a well-known structure constructing the foramen of Luschka, less attention has been directed to the structure for posterior fossa microsurgeries. The authors report two cases of the hemifacial spasm (HFS) with a large rhomboid lip, focusing on the importance of the structure during microvascular decompression. Case Description A 59-year-old female presenting with left HFS was admitted to our hospital. A preoperative magnetic resonance image demonstrated an offending artery at the root exit zone of the VII nerve. The patient underwent microvascular decompression through the lateral suboccipital approach. The intraoperative findings showed that a large rhomboid lip adhered to the IX and X cranial nerves and prevented the exposure of the root exit zone of the VII cranial nerve. The rhomboid lip was meticulously separated from the cranial nerves so that the choroid plexus of the foramen of Luschka and the rhomboid lip could be safely lifted with a spatula, and the offending artery was successfully detached from the root exit zone. In another case of a 60-year-old male, the rhomboid lip was so large that it needed to be incised before separating it from the lower cranial nerves. In each case, the HFS was resolved following surgery without any new deficits. Conclusion The large rhomboid lip adhering to the cranial nerves should be given more attention in the posterior fossa surgeries and should be managed based on the microsurgical anatomy for preventing unexpected lower cranial nerve deficit.
EFFECT OF USING THYME (THYMUS VULGARIS L) AND CUMIN (CUMINUM CYMINUM L) SEEDS FOR IMPROVING THE UTILIZATION OF LOW ENERGY BROILER DIET By

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of using thyme (Thymus vulgaris L; TH) or cumin (Cuminum cyminum L; CC) seeds either alone or in combination (at two levels 0.15 or 0.30% of each) to improve the utilization of the low energy broiler diet (LE), containing 2890 kcal ME/kg diet at grower period and 3026 kcal ME/kg diet at finisher period. The diets were formulated to be nearly iso-nitrogenous (22% and 18% CP) at grower and finisher periods, respectively. While, the control diet contained 3090 kcal ME/kg diet at grower period and 3227 kcal ME/kg diet at finisher period, it was supplied with required nutrients to satisfy the recommended requirements of Arbor Acres broilers. A total number of 180, nine days-old of unsexed Arbor Acres broiler chicks were distributed into 6 treatments of 30 chicks each in three replicates. Main results obtained can be summarized as follows: - Chicks fed low energy diet supplemented with mixture of (0.15% TH and 0.15% CC) recorded an equal growth performance to chicks fed the control diet. However, they recorded lower values of plasma total protein, albumin and uric acid and higher values of carcass%, total edible parts % and total plasma antioxidants capacity. - Significant differences were observed between the different experimental treatments in BWG (at the overall period), plasma total lipids, plasma total protein and plasma uric acid levels. However, there were insignificant differences between treatments for carcass characteristics, except for the values of carcass % and total edible parts %. - Chicks fed low energy diet supplemented with mixture of (0.30% TH and 0.30% CC) recorded the lowest value of abdominal fat as compared to other treatments (P> 0.05). - The addition of TH, CC either alone or a mixture of them to LE diet increased total plasma antioxidants capacity as compared to the control diet. - Supplementation of a mixture of (0.15% TH and 0.15% CC) to the low energy diet improved the economical efficiency by 5.79 % as compared to the control diet. In conclusion, chicks fed on low energy diet supplemented with a mixture of 0.15% thyme and 0.15% cumin gave an equal performance to control diet without negative effects on performance criteria.
Combining Stepped-Care Approaches with Behavioral Reinforcement to Motivate Employment in Opioid-Dependent Outpatients

Employment is associated with improved treatment outcome for opioid-dependent outpatients receiving methadone (e.g., Platt, ). Opioid-dependent individuals typically enter treatment unemployed and many remain unemployed despite reductions in heroin use. Additional interventions are needed to motivate employment seeking behaviors and outcome. This article reports on a promising approach to reduce the chronic unemployment commonplace in treatment-seeking, opioid-dependent patients—a “stepped care” service delivery intervention that incorporates multiple behavioral reinforcements to motivate patient participation in and adherence to the treatment plan. This therapeutic approach (Motivated Stepped Care—MSC; Brooner and Kidorf () was refined and modified to motivate and support a range of positive treatment behaviors and outcomes in patients with opioid-dependence (Kidorf et al. ), including job-seeking and acquisition. Patients who are unemployed after one year of treatment are systematically advanced to more intensive steps of weekly counseling and remain there until employment is attained. Those who remain unemployed despite exposure to at least 4 weeks of counseling at the highest step of care (Step 3, which is 9 h weekly of counseling) are started on a methadone taper in preparation for discharge, which is reversible upon attaining a job. This article describes the MSC approach and presents rates of employment for patients who were judged capable of working (n = 228). A review of medical and billing records during August–September 2002 revealed that the great majority of these patients were employed (93%), usually in full-time positions. Employment was associated with less frequent advancement to higher intensities of weekly counseling because of drug use. Further, multiple indices of improved employment stability and functioning, including months of work, hours of work, and annualized salary, were associated with better drug use outcomes. These data suggest that the MSC intervention is an effective platform for motivating and supporting both job seeking and employment in patients with chronic and severe substance use disorder.
The proportion of unmet costs considering inpatients billing of selected hospitals, after 2014 Health System reform implementation in Isfahan Province

INTRODUCTION: Since 2013, in Iran's health care, the contribution of direct payments for health-care services was estimated more than 50 % of all expenditures. In May 2014, Iran's health-care reform was established to improve health services quality and reduce patients’ out-of-pocket payments <10% in urban and 5% in rural areas. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate unmet costs (those which are not covered either by the insurance companies nor the recent reform coverage mentioned in Sections 1.2.2 and 1.2.1, Article 6 of the Health Minister Reform Guideline) in the inpatient billings within the first 5 months from the reform implementation. METHODS: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional research in the second half of 2014 on the selected hospitals in Isfahan Province. Data were collected by investigating 97,000 inpatients’ billing records issued by 28 hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences using census method. RESULTS: Findings of the study showed that the average of unmet costs paid by the inpatients constituted 21.8% of the total billing costs in 28 hospitals, and the average unmet costs paid by each patient was 1,903,832 Rials. CONCLUSION: Considering the definition of unmet cost in the context of health-care reform guideline and hospitals’ problems in providing some costly services, drugs, and medical equipment (that were not covered by insurance organizations and the reform scheme) within the obligations of the reform, it is necessary to review these obligations and further interact with insurance companies about expanding the coverage to some costly services required by the patients.
Renormalization theory for eddy diffusivity in turbulent transport.

We examine the derivation of eddy-diffusivity equations for transport of passive scalars in a turbulent velocity field. Our main contention is that, in the long-time-large-distance limit, the eddy-diffusivity equations can take very different forms according fo the statistical properties of the subgrid velocity, and that these equations depend very sensitively on the interplay between spatial and temporal velocity fluctuations. Such crossovers can be represented in a «phase diagram» involving two relevant statistical parameters.
Sociodemographic characteristics of women in a public hospital in Campinas who underwent legal abortion due to sexual violence: cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Sexual violence is increasingly frequent worldwide. The aim here was to evaluate the sociodemographic and psychological characteristics of women who requested legal abortion, at a public healthcare service, after suffering sexual violence. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective descriptive study on 131 women who underwent legal abortion at the University of Campinas between 1994 and 2014, consequent to sexual violence. METHODS: The sociodemographic and psychological characteristics of women who were victims of sexual violence were evaluated from their medical records. The tests used to evaluate possible associations were the chi-square and/or Fisher’s exact test. RESULTS: The women’s mean age was 23 ± 9.2 years; 77.9% were white and 71.8% were single; 32.8% were students and 58.6% had employment outside of their homes. The majority reported that they did not know the aggressor (62.3%), but among the adolescents, 58% of the aggressors were known. The majority asked for abortion up to the 12th weeks of gestation (63.4%). Only 2.3% presented curettage complications. The psychological situation most frequently encountered was determined, in 34.4% of the cases before the abortion; and good in 32.8% after the abortion. CONCLUSIONS: There was greater occurrence of sexual violence among students and women who worked outside. Among the students, most of these were adolescents and had no previous sexual life. The teenagers were raped by a known aggressor.
Massively Multilingual Pronunciation Modeling with WikiPron

We introduce WikiPron, an open-source command-line tool for extracting pronunciation data from Wiktionary, a collaborative multilingual online dictionary. We first describe the design and use of WikiPron. We then discuss the challenges faced scaling this tool to create an automatically-generated database of 1.7 million pronunciations from 165 languages. Finally, we validate the pronunciation database by using it to train and evaluating a collection of generic grapheme-to-phoneme models. The software, pronunciation data, and models are all made available under permissive open-source licenses.
Handle with Care: A Case Study in Comparable Corpora Exploitation for Neural Machine Translation

We present the results of a case study in the exploitation of comparable corpora for Neural Machine Translation. A large comparable corpus for Basque-Spanish was prepared, on the basis of independently-produced news by the Basque public broadcaster EiTB, and we discuss the impact of various techniques to exploit the original data in order to determine optimal variants of the corpus. In particular, we show that filtering in terms of alignment thresholds and length-difference outliers has a significant impact on translation quality. The impact of tags identifying comparable data in the training datasets is also evaluated, with results indicating that this technique might be useful to help the models discriminate noisy information, in the form of informational imbalance between aligned sentences. The final corpus was prepared according to the experimental results and is made available to the scientific community for research purposes.
EVALUATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINIUM ALLOY 2024 REINFORCED WITH SILICON CARBIDE AND FLY ASH HYBRID METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES

Materials are frequently chosen for structural applications because they have desirable combinations of mechanical characteristics. Development of hybrid metal matrix composites has become an important area of research interest in Materials Science. In view of this, the present study focuses on the formation of aluminium-Sic-fly ash hybrid metal matrix composites. The present study was aimed at evaluating the physical properties of Aluminium 2024 in the presence of silicon carbide, fly ash and its combinations. Consequently aluminium metal matrix composite combines the strength of the reinforcement with the toughness of the matrix to achieve a combination of desirable properties not available in any single conventional material. The compositions were added up to the ultimate level and stir casting method was used for the fabrication of aluminium metal matrix composites. Structural characterization was carried out on metal matrix composites by x-ray diffraction studies and optical microscopy was used for the micro structural studies. The mechanical behaviors of metal matrix composites like density, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and hardness tests were ascertained by performing carefully designed laboratory experiments that replicate as nearly as possible the service conditions. In the presence of silicon carbide and fly ash [SiC (5%) + fly ash (10%) and fly ash (10%) + SiC (10%)] with aluminium, it was fairly observed that the density of the composites was decreased and the hardness was increased. Correspondingly, the increase in tensile strength was also observed but elongation of the hybrid metal matrix composites in comparison with unreinforced aluminium was decreased. The aluminium-SiC-fly ash hybrid metal matrix composites significantly differed in all of the properties measured. Aluminium in the presence of SiC (10%)-fly ash (10%) was the hardest instead of aluminium-SiC and cluminium-fly ash composites. The study can be further extended by evaluating the wear and corrosion of the resultant material.
Analysis of Online Conversations to Detect Cyberpredators Using Recurrent Neural Networks

We present an automated approach to analyze the text of an online conversation and determine whether one of the participants is a cyberpredator who is preying on another participant. The task is divided into two stages, 1) the classification of each message, and 2) the classification of the entire conversation. Each stage uses a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) to perform the classification task.
Régénération naturelle à faible coût dans le cadre de l’aménagement forestier en zones tropicales sèches en Afrique

La demarche d’amenagement dans certains pays africains des zones seches coute cher, meme lorsqu’elle est simplifiee. La connaissance de la ressource exploitable passe par des inventaires d’amenagement, prenant en compte la regeneration naturelle (semis) et le recru par voie vegetative. En fait, seuls les rejets de souche et les « semis » sont comptabilises. Le rajeunissement par marcottage terrestre et par drageonnage pour de nombreuses especes n’est pas suffisamment pris en compte par les amenagistes et/ ou les communautes rurales en charge de l’amenagement. Dans les pays a faible couvert ligneux, il est conseille d’amenager les forets claires et egalement les arbres hors foret, utilises a des fins multiples par les agriculteurs et les eleveurs des zones tropicales semi-arides et arides. Ce couvert ligneux montre dans certains cas une aptitude tres importante au drageonnage ou au marcottage terrestre. Ces phenomenes naturels permettent a certaines especes (plus de 360) de se maintenir dans un environnement menace, voire de coloniser le milieu en saison des pluies, par la formation de tiges adventives a partir du systeme racinaire pour le drageon et du systeme aerien (branche, tige) pour la marcotte. Dans certains cas, ce sont sur des tiges abattues par le vent que se forment des reiterats qui s’enracinent. La capacite a produire des rejets a partir de la base de la tige (rejet basal, rejet de souche), de branches (marcotte, stolon, rhizome) ou de racines (drageon) depend de plusieurs facteurs. Dans la plupart des cas, un stress (labour, feu, maladie, cyclone, episode tres sec, froid, etc.) est necessaire. Pour les arbres poussant pres de leurs limites naturelles latitudinales ou altitudinales, ou la survie des semis est problematique, certains types de rejets (de souche, du collet, de racine) et les marcottes peuvent devenir significativement importants. Il faudrait en tirer profit dans les pays en developpement notamment les plus pauvres pour la regeneration d’arbres hors foret dans ou autour des champs ainsi que pour l’enrichissement et pour l’amenagement des forets.
Electrophysiological toxicity testing of VEGF Trap‐Eye in an isolated perfused vertebrate retina organ culture model

Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual impairment in Western nations. Since the discovery of the importance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the pathogenesis of neovascular AMD, anti‐VEGF agents including pegaptanib, ranibizumab and bevacizumab provide a treatment option to improve vision in affected persons. VEGF Trap‐Eye (Aflibercept) is a new agent available for the treatment of exudative AMD. The molecule is a receptor decoy with a longer half‐life and a higher affinity to VEGF compared with ranibizumab or bevacizumab. The presented study has been designed to evaluate the short‐term toxic effects of VEGF Trap‐Eye on retinal function during and after direct exposure to the drug.
Therapeutic silencing of mutant huntingtin with siRNA attenuates striatal and cortical neuropathology and behavioral deficits

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by expansion of a CAG repeat in the huntingtin (Htt) gene. HD is autosomal dominant and, in theory, amenable to therapeutic RNA silencing. We introduced cholesterol-conjugated small interfering RNA duplexes (cc-siRNA) targeting human Htt mRNA (siRNA-Htt) into mouse striata that also received adeno-associated virus containing either expanded (100 CAG) or wild-type (18 CAG) Htt cDNA encoding huntingtin (Htt) 1–400. Adeno-associated virus delivery to striatum and overlying cortex of the mutant Htt gene, but not the wild type, produced neuropathology and motor deficits. Treatment with cc-siRNA-Htt in mice with mutant Htt prolonged survival of striatal neurons, reduced neuropil aggregates, diminished inclusion size, and lowered the frequency of clasping and footslips on balance beam. cc-siRNA-Htt was designed to target human wild-type and mutant Htt and decreased levels of both in the striatum. Our findings indicate that a single administration into the adult striatum of an siRNA targeting Htt can silence mutant Htt, attenuate neuronal pathology, and delay the abnormal behavioral phenotype observed in a rapid-onset, viral transgenic mouse model of HD.
Repeated Polyploidy Drove Different Levels of Crossover Suppression between Homoeologous Chromosomes in Brassica napus Allohaploids[C][W]

This work examines the diversity of meiotic behavior in Brassica napus allohaploids and shows that it is related to the multiple origins of this species. The results also reflect the prevalence of a major locus determining different levels of crossover suppression at the species level. Allopolyploid species contain more than two sets of related chromosomes (homoeologs) that must be sorted during meiosis to ensure fertility. As polyploid species usually have multiple origins, one intriguing, yet largely underexplored, question is whether different mechanisms suppressing crossovers between homoeologs may coexist within the same polyphyletic species. We addressed this question using Brassica napus, a young polyphyletic allopolyploid species. We first analyzed the meiotic behavior of 363 allohaploids produced from 29 accessions, which represent a large part of B. napus genetic diversity. Two main clear-cut meiotic phenotypes were observed, encompassing a twofold difference in the number of univalents at metaphase I. We then sequenced two chloroplast intergenic regions to gain insight into the maternal origins of the same 29 accessions; only two plastid haplotypes were found, and these correlated with the dichotomy of meiotic phenotypes. Finally, we analyzed genetic diversity at the PrBn locus, which was shown to determine meiotic behavior in a segregating population of B. napus allohaploids. We observed that segregation of two alleles at PrBn could adequately explain a large part of the variation in meiotic behavior found among B. napus allohaploids. Overall, our results suggest that repeated polyploidy resulted in different levels of crossover suppression between homoeologs in B. napus allohaploids.