Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is therapeutic inertia present in primary diabetes care in Malaysia? A prospective study

This prospective study aimed to determine the proportions of therapeutic inertia when treatment targets not achieved in adults T2D at three public health clinics in Malaysia.The index prescriptions were those when the annual blood tests were reviewed. Prescriptions were verified and classified as 1) no change, 2) stepping up and 3) stepping down. Multivariable logistic regression and sensitive analyses were conducted.At follow-up, 552 participants were available for the assessment of therapeutic inertia (78.9% response rate). The mean (SD) age and diabetes duration were 60.0 (9.9) years and 5.0 (6.0) years, respectively. High therapeutic inertia were observed in oral anti-diabetic (61-72%), anti-hypertensive (34-65%) and lipid-lowering therapies (56-77%), and lesser in insulin (34- 52%). Insulin therapeutic inertia was more likely among those with shorter diabetes duration (adjusted OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.87, 0.98). Those who did not achieve treatment targets were less likely to experience therapeutic inertia: HbA1c ≥ 7.0%: adjusted OR 0.10 (0.04, 0.24); BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg: 0.28 (0.16, 0.50); LDL-cholesterol ≥ 2.6 mmol/L: 0.37 (0.22, 0.64). Although therapeutic intensifications were more likely in the present of non- achieved treatment targets but the proportions of therapeutic inertia were high.NCT02730754 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02730754Probably the first study in Malaysia or Asian countriesAssessing three main therapeutic inertia among T2D at primary diabetes careProportions of therapeutic inertia were highTherapeutic inertia was unlikely in non-achieved treatment targetsPossible causes of therapeutic inertia require identification and rectification
Clinical and demographic patient characteristics, alcohol treatment goal preference and goal attainment during computer-assisted therapy with Breaking Free Online

ABSTRACT Background: Few alcohol misuse interventions can be tailored to the individual and allow individuals to set personalized treatment goals, including reduction/moderation or abstinence. This study examined outcomes from a tailorable computer-assisted therapy program, Breaking Free Online (BFO), which prompts users to set personalized goals. Methods: Participants completed baseline and post-treatment assessments of alcohol dependence and use and biopsychosocial functioning. Whether baseline clinical and demographic participant characteristics predicted preferred treatment goal, and whether these characteristics and preferred treatment goal then predicted treatment goal attainment, were examined. Results: Participants who prioritized abstinence were more likely to be abstinent at baseline and to have received previous treatment, than participants who prioritized reduction/moderation. Participants who preferred reduction/moderation demonstrated better biopsychosocial functioning and lower alcohol dependence at baseline than those who preferred abstinence. Lower biopsychosocial impairment, lower alcohol dependence, and lower alcohol consumption were associated with a higher likelihood of achieving treatment goals, as was having abstinence as a goal. There were significant interactions between baseline alcohol consumption/severity of alcohol dependence and treatment goal preference. Conclusions: Findings may inform guidance around recommended treatment goals for individuals engaging with treatment for alcohol misuse.
Investigating the use of the four perspectives of balanced score card (BSC) as technique for assessing performance by Nigerian banks

This paper explores the use of BSC as technique for assessing performance in the Nigerian banking industry. The population of the study comprised 21 banks operating in Gombe State, Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was adopted to arrive at the sample of eleven banks. A survey technique was used to obtain data for the study. Fifty five copies of questionnaire were distributed to the executive staff of the sampled banks (5 each to every selected bank), out of which forty three copies were duly completed and returned. Descriptive statistics and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA was used as techniques for data analysis. The study concludes that Nigerian banks relied heavily on financial performance measures followed by customer performance measures as technique for assessing their performance. The study recommended that Nigerian banks should enhance their performance measurement systems by balancing their performance measures within the four perspectives of BSC. This will check the skewness of the CAMEL’s rating approach (C = capital adequacy, A = asset quality, M = management quality, E = earning quality and L = liquidity), which uses financial measures to assess banks performance in Nigeria. Key words: Balanced scorecard (BSC), bank, performance, performance measurement, Nigeria.
Fatigue crack growth of titanium rotor alloys in vacuum and air

An enhanced life management system for aircraft turbine engine rotors based on probabilistic damage tolerance methods is currently under development by the engine industry and the FAA, with an initial focus on fatigue cracking at hard alpha (HA) defects in titanium. Since HA defects are usually subsurface, any resulting cracks are embedded and hence isolated from the atmosphere (i.e., vacuum-like) for at least some of their life. Fatigue crack growth (GCG) tests have been conducted in vacuum at various temperatures and stress ratios for Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo+Si rotor alloys. A brief study of vacuum levels suggests that pressures of 10{sup {minus}6} Torr are adequate to capture full vacuum effects on FCG rates. Vacuum FCG results are compared with available air data. The vacuum data demonstrate temperature and stress ratio effects comparable to air data. The vacuum and air data exhibit the same growth rates in the upper Paris regime, but apparent thresholds are significantly higher in vacuum than in air.
From correlation towards causality: modulating brain rhythms of pain using transcranial alternating current stimulation

Abstract Introduction: Accumulating evidence suggests that neural oscillations at different frequencies and their synchrony between brain regions play a crucial role in the processing of nociceptive input and the emergence of pain. Most findings are limited by their correlative nature, however, which impedes causal inferences. Objective: To move from correlative towards causal evidence, methods that allow to experimentally manipulate oscillatory brain activity are needed. Results: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique designed to modulate neural oscillations in a frequency specific manner and as such a suitable method to investigate the contribution of oscillatory brain activity to pain. Despite its appeal, tACS has been barely applied in the field of pain research. In the present review, we address this issue and discuss how tACS can be used to gather mechanistic evidence for the relationship between pain and neural oscillations in humans. Conclusions: Transcranial alternating current stimulation holds great potential for the investigation of the neural mechanisms underlying pain and the development of new treatment approaches for chronic pain if necessary methodological precautions are taken.
Maxillofacial infections of odontogenic origin : Odontopathogens and antibiotic sensitivity : A demographic cross-sectional study in Elsharqia Governorate

Aim: : To assess the most common micro-organisms causing odontogenic infections and the most effective antibiotic against.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 150 patients with maxillofacial infection. The pus sample was collected, cultured (aerobically and anaerobically) and stained for morphological study of the isolates. Antibiotic sensitivity test for the isolates were performed.Results: A total of 260 micro-organisms were isolated, Pure aerobes were identified in 54(36%) of cases, pure anaerobes in 8(5%), mixed aerobes and anaerobes in 79(53%) andno pathogenic organism were isolated in 9(6%). Among the entire aerobic isolates, Ciprofloxacin and Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were the most effective drug (100%) followed by Clindamycin (90%). The leasteffective drugs were amoxicillin (85%). Among the entire anaerobic isolates, Metronidazole was the most effective drug (100%) followed by Ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, Clindamycin (90%) each and Cefotaxime(80%). The leasteffective drug was amoxicillin (100%). Conclusion: The most common bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus spp. , Streptococcus spp. , Klebsiella spp. , Prevotella spp. , Peptostreptococcus spp. Ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and Clindamycin were the most effective drugs for all isolates. The least effective drug was amoxicillin.
Oral Health Status in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Presenting in Yaoundé, Cameroon

Introduction: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) present with a lifelong neuro-developmental disorder that makes them prone to oral diseases. The aim of the present study was to describe the oral health status of children with ASD attending autism centers of Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in seven specialized centers caring for children with autism. A structured questionnaire and clinical examinations were used to collect the data. Results: Ninety six children aged between 3 to 14 years, the majority of whom were boys (80%), were recruited into the study. The majority were from kindergarten (75%) and the remainder primary schools. Tooth brushing for most of the children (71%) was carried out by their mother. Half of the children brushed once a day with the help of their mothers usually in the morning before breakfast, using toothbrushes and toothpaste. Most of the children consumed soft and sweet diets that included sweetened fruit juices and had never been to a dentist. The prevalence of caries was 66.13%. Dental caries was more pronounced in the 7 to 11 year old age group. Almost half (45.21%) had gingivitis associated with plaque and calculus and 59.19% had gingival bleeding. The prevalence of trauma to both hard and soft oral tissues was 45.83% while the prevalence of dental abnormalities was 31%. The treatment needs of the children include dental fillings, scaling and curettage. Conclusion: Children with ASD presented with a high prevalence of dental caries and periodontal diseases, bad breath and dental trauma to hard and soft tissues. Recommendation: Since autism patients present with many functional and clinical problems, a multidisciplinary approach is needed in Cameroon for the management of medical, dental and behavioral problems.
Nanoflare Statistics from First Principles: Fractal Geometry and Temperature Synthesis

We derive universal scaling laws for the physical parameters of flarelike processes in a low-β plasma, quantified in terms of spatial length scales l, area A, volume V, electron density ne, electron temperature Te, total emission measure M, and thermal energy E. The relations are specified as functions of two independent input parameters, the power index a of the length distribution, N(l) ∝ l-a, and the fractal Haussdorff dimension D between length scales l and flare areas, A(l) ∝ lD. For values that are consistent with the data, i.e., a = 2.5 ± 0.2 and D = 1.5 ± 0.2, and assuming the RTV scaling law, we predict an energy distribution N(E) ∝ E-α with a power-law coefficient of α = 1.54 ± 0.11. As an observational test, we perform statistics of nanoflares in a quiet-Sun region covering a comprehensive temperature range of Te ≈ 1-4 MK. We detected nanoflare events in extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) with the 171 and 195 Å filters from the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE), as well as in soft X-rays with the AlMg filter from the Yohkoh soft X-ray telescope (SXT), in a cospatial field of view and cotemporal time interval. The obtained frequency distributions of thermal energies of nanoflares detected in each wave band separately were found to have power-law slopes of α ≈ 1.86 ± 0.07 at 171 Å (Te ≈ 0.7-1.1 MK), α ≈ 1.81 ± 0.10 at 195 Å (Te ≈ 1.0-1.5 MK), and α ≈ 1.57 ± 0.15 in the AlMg filter (Te ≈ 1.8-4.0 MK), consistent with earlier studies in each wavelength. We synthesize the temperature-biased frequency distributions from each wavelength and find a corrected power-law slope of α ≈ 1.54 ± 0.03, consistent with our theoretical prediction derived from first principles. This analysis, supported by numerical simulations, clearly demonstrates that previously determined distributions of nanoflares detected in EUV bands produced a too steep power-law distribution of energies with slopes of α ≈ 2.0-2.3 mainly because of this temperature bias. The temperature-synthesized distributions of thermal nanoflare energies are also found to be more consistent with distributions of nonthermal flare energies determined in hard X-rays (α ≈ 1.4-1.6) and with theoretical avalanche models (α ≈ 1.4-1.5).
Acylindrical group actions on quasi-trees

A group G is acylindrically hyperbolic if it admits a non-elementary acylindrical action on a hyperbolic space. We prove that every acylindrically hyperbolic group G has a generating set X such that the corresponding Cayley graph is a (non-elementary) quasi-tree and the action of G on the Cayley graph is acylindrical. Our proof utilizes the notions of hyperbolically embedded subgroups and projection complexes. As a by-product, we obtain some new results about hyperbolically embedded subgroups and quasi-convex subgroups of acylindrically hyperbolic groups.
The development of an oral GLP-1 receptor agonist for the management of type 2 diabetes: evidence to date

Abstract Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) are prominent agents in the therapeutics of type 2 diabetes mellitus due to their exemplary efficacy in both preprandial and postprandial glycemia, their safety, low risk of hypoglycemia, their multilevel pathophysiological superiority, weight loss and importantly the observed benefits in cardiovascular disease reduction. Their major drawback is the subcutaneous route of administration, constituting a barrier to adoption and reason for treatment discontinuation. Thus, the development of an oral GLP1-RA agent would promote medication adherence and quality of life, further consolidating its beneficial effects in real-life clinical practice. However, this task is hampered by suboptimal gastrointestinal protein absorption. Yet, the introduction of oral semaglutide, a modified form of semaglutide with the addition of a carrier sodium N-(8-[2-hydroxybenzoyl] amino) caprylate, may have provided a safe and effective way to reach systemic circulation while other molecules are in development. Whether this molecule still has the impressive cardiovascular effects demonstrated with the use of its precursor remains to be explored. However, to date, its efficacy and safety have already been showcased in a randomized trial. More research is warranted in order to further consolidate these findings across different type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subpopulations, and adequately powered studies with a longer follow-up that would allow the exploration of microvascular and macrovascular complications are needed. Finally, studies comparing oral semaglutide and similar molecules with other currently established antidiabetic agents to evaluate the relative efficacy, the cost-effectiveness and further understand its place in T2DM therapeutic algorithm are needed. This review focuses on the development of oral GLP1-RA agents and summarizes the challenges, milestones and expected benefits associated with a successful introduction.
Optimal welding technology of high strength steel S690QL

Resume In this paper, the detailed procedure for defining the optimal technology for welding the structures made of the high strength steel S690QL is presented. That steel belongs into a group of steels with exceptional mechanical properties. The most prominent properties are the high tensile strength and impact toughness, at room and at elevated temperatures, as well. However, this steel has a negative characteristic - proneness to appearance of cold cracks. That impedes welding and makes as an imperative to study different aspects of this steel's properties as well as those of eventual filler metal. Selection and defining of the optimal welding technology of this high strength steel is done for the purpose of preserving the favorable mechanical properties once the welded joint is realized; properties of the welded metal and the melting zone, as well as in the heat affected zone, which is the most critical zone of the welded joint.
SUPPORT MEASURES FOR ADOLESCENTS' SCHOOL ANXIETY MITIGATION

Abstract. School anxiety is one of the situational anxiety types. The feeling of anxiety in school is unavoidable, yet the intensity of this feeling should not exceed each student’s individual “critical point”, as exceeding causes disorientation instead of mobilisation. School anxiety can be expressed in behaviour in the most various forms: from passivity in classes, unsure answers, to “super-diligence”, a wish to do everything perfectly. It is necessary to help students find effective techniques to regulate anxiety, overcome diffidence and other expressions of emotional imbalance. A set of preventive measures must be established, which will help students develop necessary skills for anxiety mitigation and gain successful anxiety overcoming experience. Educational measures regarding this issue are necessary for teachers and parents as well.
The Relationship Between Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Use and Alcohol Consumption: A Neurocognitive and Behavioral Investigation

Author: Hershberger, Alexandra, R. , PhD Institution: Purdue University Degree Received: August 2019 Title: The Relationship Between ENDS Use and Alcohol Consumption: A Neurocognitive and Behavioral Investigation. Committee Chair: Melissa Cyders Increasing research shows that the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is associated with higher rates and quantity of alcohol consumption; however, no research to date experimentally examines the relationship between ENDS use and alcohol use. The present study uses a two-session within-subjects design to examine 1) the relationship between ENDS use prime and attentional bias for alcohol related cues and 2) the relationship between ENDS use and laboratory ad libitum alcohol consumption. A total of N = 31 (mean age = 28.71, SD = 11.17; 45.2% women; 54.8% White/Caucasian) healthy users of ENDS who endorsed liking beer completed the present study, which included 1) a dot-probe and eye-tracking task that assessed attentional bias (reaction time, initial orientation, and delayed disengagement) to alcohol images following ENDS prime or no prime and 2) an ad libitum beer consumption task that assessed mL of beer consumed by the participants when concurrent use of ENDS was allowed or not allowed. All analyses controlled for age, race, and gender. Results of repeated measure ANCOVA’s indicate that attentional bias for alcohol does not differ between the ENDS prime or control conditions (F’s 0.01 to 0.12, ηp’s 0.001 to 0.01). There is a large interactive effect of selfreported days of concurrent use of ENDS and alcohol over the last 14 days (ηp’s 0.35 to 0.85), small to medium effects of alcohol craving preceding eye-tracking (ηp’s 0.02 to 0.09), and small to medium effects of ENDS craving preceding eye-tracking (ηp’s 0.06 to 0.13), all of which show increases in attentional bias following the ENDS prime; however, these results were limited by data quality issues that preclude strong support of these effects. Results of repeated measure ANCOVA’s demonstrate that amount of beer consumed does not differ by ENDS condition, F (4, 26) = 0.03, p = . 86, ηp = 0.001. Results of a hierarchical linear regression show that amount of ENDS weight change (g) is not significantly related to mL of beer consumed in the ENDS session (b = -86.48, t = -0.90, p = 0.38, ∆R = 0.03). Results of linear mixed modeling testing the effect of ENDS puffs on alcohol sips temporally across the ad lib task show puffs are
Attributions and the Development of Self-Regulatory Competence.

The concept of self-regulation--the process whereby students activate and sustain behaviors and cognitive paths which are systematically oriented toward attainment of learning goals--is increasing in importance among educators. Self-regulation includes activities such as attending to instruction; organizing, coding, and rehearsing information; establishing a productive work environment; using resources effectively; holding positive beliefs about capabilities; and experiencing pride and satisfaction about one's efforts. This paper presents theory and research that demonstrate positive effects of attributions and attributional feedback on self-regulation of learners. Developmental changes in the formation and meanings of attributions are discussed, with an emphasis on perceptions of ability and effort. Suggestions for classroom teaching to enhance student self-regulation are provided. Contains 39 references. (Author/BGC) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** DIA,AMMP.101-MANc(11 ( AA AMA At RC 5004 I Cf:N IMC, Attributions and the Development of Self-Regulatory Competence
THE RISK OF DEPRESSION IN ELDERLY INDIVIDUALS, THE FACTORS WHICH RELATED TO DEPRESSION, THE EFFECT OF DEPRESSION TO FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE

Girifl: Çal›flman›n amac› yafll› bireylerde artm›fl depresyon riski ve depresyonla iliflkili faktörleri belirlemek, depresyonun fonksiyonel aktivite ve yaflam kalitesine etkisini araflt›rmakt›r. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çal›flmaya 65 yafl ve üzerinde olan 160 yafll› birey al›nd›. Mental durumun de¤erlendirilmesinde Standardize Mini Mental Test, depresyon riskini de¤erlendirmede Yesavage Geriatrik Depresyon Ölçe¤i, fonksiyonel durumu belirlemede Fonksiyonel Aktivite Skoru ve yaflam kalitesini de¤erlendirmede SF 36 yaflam kalitesi ölçe¤i kullan›ld›. Bulgular: Yafll› kat›l›mc›lar›n 81’inde artm›fl depresyon riski bulunurken, 79’unda artm›fl depresyon riski bulunmamaktayd›. Artm›fl depresyon riski olan ve olmayan yafll› bireyler aras›nda cinsiyet, medeni durum, sigara kullan›m› aç›s›ndan farkl›l›k yoktu. Okuma yazma bilmeyen, kronik hastal›k ve kulland›¤› ilaç say›s› fazla olan, diz osteoartriti olan, yard›mc› cihaz kullan›m› olan, kanda vitamin B12 ve folik asit seviyeleri düflük olan yafll› bireylerde artm›fl depresyon riskinin daha fazla oldu¤u görüldü. Depresyon riski olan yafll› bireylerde tüm fonksiyonel aktivite skoru parametreleri depresyon riski olmayan yafll› bireylerden daha düflük bulundu. SF-36 yaflam kalitesi ölçe¤inin hem fiziksel ve hem de mental sa¤l›k skorlar› da depresyon riski olan yafll› bireylerde depresyon riski olmayan yafll› bireylerden daha düflük bulundu. Yafll› bireylerde depresyon gelifliminde yafl›n, kötü fonksiyonel durumun risk faktörü oldu¤u gösterildi. Depresyon skorlar›yla fonksiyonel aktivite skorlar›, yaflam kalitesi skorlar› aras›nda lineer bir iliflki bulundu. Sonuç: Yafll› bireylerde artm›fl depresyon riski ve iliflkili faktörler belirlendi. Yafll› bireylerde depresyon riskinin artmas› fonksiyonel durum ve yaflam kalitesini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Yafll›; Depresyon; Yaflam Kalitesi. ABSTRACT