Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
β1-integrin- and KV1.3 channel-dependent signaling stimulates glutamate release from Th17 cells.

While the impact of T helper 17 (Th17) cells in autoimmunity is undisputable, their pathogenic effector mechanism is still enigmatic. We have discovered SNARE complex proteins in Th17 cells enabling a vesicular glutamate release pathway inducing local intracytoplasmic calcium release and subsequent damage in neurons. This pathway is glutamine dependent and triggered by binding of β1-integrin to VCAM-1 on neurons in inflammatory context. Glutamate secretion could be blocked by inhibiting either glutaminase or KV1.3 channels, known to be linked to integrin expression and highly expressed on stimulated T cells. While KV1.3 is not expressed in the CNS tissue, intrathecal administration of a KV1.3 channel blocker or a glutaminase inhibitor ameliorated disability in experimental neuroinflammation. In humans, T cells from multiple sclerosis patients secreted higher levels of glutamate, and cerebrospinal fluid glutamine levels were increased. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that β1-integrin- and KV1.3 channel-dependent signaling stimulates glutamate release from Th17 cells upon direct cell-cell contact between Th17 cells and neurons.
Mental Health of high school students and its effective factors in Bushehr Province

۱ ، يتسيز رامآ دشرا سانشراک شناد يشهوژپ تيريدم رهشوب يکشزپ مولع هاگ ۲ رهشوب ءادهش ينامرد يتشادهب زکرم ، ييامام سانشراک ۳ يكشزپ هدكشناد ، ينيلاب يكشزپناور رايداتسا ، رهشوب يكشزپ مولع هاگشناد ۴ يكشزپ هدكشناد ، يعامتجا يكشزپ شخب رايداتسا ، رهشوب يكشزپ مولع هاگشناد ۵ ومآ ، يتشادهب تامدخ تيريدم دشرا سانشراك تشادهب هدكشز ، رهشوب يكشزپ مولع هاگشناد ۶ سانشراك يتشادهب تنواعم ، طيحم تشادهب ، رهشوب يكشزپ مولع هاگشناد
Leveraging Auxiliary Text for Deep Recognition of Unseen Visual Relationships

One of the most difficult tasks in scene understanding is recognizing interactions between objects in an image. This task is often called visual relationship detection (VRD). We consider the question of whether, given auxiliary textual data in addition to the standard visual data used for training VRD models, VRD performance can be improved. We present a new deep model that can leverage additional textual data. Our model relies on a shared text--image representation of subject-verb-object relationships appearing in the text, and object interactions in images. Our method is the first to enable recognition of visual relationships missing in the visual training data and appearing only in the auxiliary text. We test our approach on two different text sources: text originating in images and text originating in books. We test and validate our approach using two large-scale recognition tasks: VRD and Scene Graph Generation. We show a surprising result: Our approach works better with text originating in books, and outperforms the text originating in images on the task of unseen relationship recognition. It is comparable to the model which utilizes text originating in images on the task of seen relationship recognition.
A comparative study of perineal morbidity in vaginal delivery with and without episiotomy

Background: The objective was to determine the occurrence of perineal morbidity in women who delivered vaginally with an episiotomy versus those who delivered without. Methods: Primigravid women were enrolled into the study on documentation of full dilatation of the cervix and randomized into either the study group (delivered without an episiotomy) or Control Group (delivered with an episiotomy). All labours were carefully monitored with intermittent auscultation of foetal heart rate and partograph was plotted for everyone. Labour was augmented with oxytocin infusion if required. Good perineal and para urethral support at the time of crowning of the head and during delivery of the baby was given for patients of both the groups. Right mediolateral episiotomy was given for the control group. Perineum was then examined and if any lacerations were noted it was sutured, if necessary, as per standard protocol (vicryl rapide was used). Episiotomy was sutured in 3 layers with vicryl rapide. Results: The total number of patients studied was 300 – equally distributed in both the groups. The age group of the patients and birth weight of the babies were comparable. In the study group, 22.0% patients had no lacerations in the perineum. Inspite of an episiotomy, 15.34% had anterior and posterior perineal lacerations and in that 4.67% patients had anal sphincter tear. 9 patients had more than 50% of EAS torn but none of them complained of incontinence during their follow-up. 68.37% patients in the control group had persistent perineal pain for more than one week versus 19.42% in the study group. 4.27% patients in the control group had persistent pain whereas no patients in the study group had pain more than 2 months. Conclusions: Short term perineal morbidity is significantly lower in parturients who delivered without an episiotomy and that episiotomy did not offer protection against sustaining severe perineal lacerations.
WSRT Faraday tomography of the Galactic ISM at λ ~ 0.86 m. I. The GEMINI data set at (l, b) = (181°, 20°)

Aims. We investigate the properties of the Galactic ISM by applying Faraday tomography to a radio polarization data set in the direction of the Galactic anti-centre. Methods. We address the problem of missing large-scale structure in our data, and show that this does not play an important role for the results we present. Results. The main peak of the Faraday depth spectra in our data set is not measurably resolved for about 8% of the lines of sight. An unresolved peak indicates a separation between the regions with Faraday rotation and synchrotron emission. However, cosmic rays pervade the ISM, and synchrotron emission would therefore also be produced where there is Faraday rotation. We suggest that the orientation of the magnetic field can separate the two effects. By modelling the thermal electron contribution to the Faraday depth, we map the strength of the magnetic field component along the line of sight. Polarized point sources in our data set have rotation measures that are comparable to the Faraday depths of the diffuse emission in our data. Our Faraday depth maps show narrow canals of low polarized intensity. We conclude that depolarization over the telescope beam produces at least some of these canals. Finally, we investigate the properties of one conspicuous region in this data set and argue that it is created by a decrease in line-of-sight depolarization compared to its surroundings.
The nature of the female patient-physiotherapist relationship in Saudi Arabian musculoskeletal outpatient settings : a constructivist grounded theory

The relationship between the physiotherapist and the patient is fundamental to the delivery of musculoskeletal healthcare. In order to deliver high quality patient care it is vital that an effective therapeutic relationship is established. To date, there has been very little research into the nature of the patient–physiotherapist relationship and none has been conducted in Saudi Arabia. This study explored the nature of the female patient-physiotherapist relationship in Saudi Arabian musculoskeletal outpatient settings.
Fault Distribution Inferred from Gravity Anomalies in the Northern France and Its Adjacent Areas

Abstract. Using Bouguer gravity data, the information on faults has been obtained by means of horizontal directional derivative processing, vertical derivative and wavelet analysis. And according to synthetic analysis with geological data, fault zones distribution map of Northern France and its adjacent areas is presented. We have not the exact depth of the three wavelets details map, but we still can determine the relative spatial relations among faults of different scale and different depth. The northwest trending fault and the northeast trending fault control the structure in the study area. There are also a few south-north trending faults. The structure is quite complicated. The faults with different direction cut each other. The faults outline the boundaries of the basins, grabens and intrusive bodies.
Ultrasonography of the hip in developmental hip dysplasia

Ultrasonography of the hip was performed sequentially by two different examiners in 75 infants. The ultrasound strips were reviewed twice by three paediatric orthopaedic surgeons and classified by the Graf method. The intraobserver and interobserver agreement between the interpretations was analysed using simple and weighted kappa coefficients calculated for agreement on the Graf classification and for grouping as normal (types 1A to 2A), and abnormal requiring treatment (types 2B to 4). When examining the same ultrasound strip, intraobserver agreement for the Graf classification was substantial (mean kappa 0.61), but interobserver agreement was only moderate (kappa 0.50). For the grouping into normal and abnormal, the mean kappa value for intraobserver agreement was 0.67 and for interobserver agreement 0.57. Because of the significant differences in agreement between normal and abnormal hips, we analysed a subgroup of those with at least one abnormal interpretation. Intraobserver agreement within this subgroup showed moderate reliability (kappa 0.41), but interobserver agreement was only fair (kappa 0.28). Interpretations of two different strips performed sequentially showed significantly lower agreement with an intraobserver kappa value of 0.29 and an interobserver value of 0.28. In the subgroup with at least one abnormal reading, the intraobserver kappa was 0.09 and the interobserver 0.1. Our findings suggest that both the technique of performing ultrasonography and the interpretation of the image may influence the result.
School Heterogeneity, Parental Background and Tracking: Evidence from PISA 2006

So far the empirical literature using large international students’ assessments neglects the role of school composition variables in order not to incur in a misidentification of peer effects. However, this leads to an error of higher logical type since the learning environment crucially depends on peers’ family background and on school heterogeneity. In this paper, using PISA 2006, we show how school heterogeneity is a key determinant of student attainment and of opportunity equalization. Interestingly, the effect of school compositional variables differs depending on the country tracking policy. School heterogeneity reduces efficiency in comprehensive schooling systems whereas it has a non-linear impact in early-tracking ones. In turn, linear peer effects are higher in early-tracking systems. Besides, higher heterogeneity tends to equalize student differences related to family background. Results remain robust in schooland student-level regressions suggesting that the impact of heterogeneity is correctly identified. Results are also robust when we add school-level dummies, school compositional variables and several controls correlated with the school choice to alleviate the selectivity bias of linear peer effects.
Participants’ Perceptions of an HIV/AIDS Workshop

This brief report describes the perceptions of individuals who attended an educational program that targets HIV-positive people. Analysis of quotes from participants in a 90-minute focus group revealed three benefits of attending the workshop (empowerment, patient-physician relationship, and knowledge of medications). Four ways to improve the workshop were identified: peer support and support groups, additional information on medications, nutrition, and more information about the disease. The findings suggest that there may be an unmet need for counselling. Counselling practitioners could make further contributions to the systematic development, implementation, and evaluation of theory-based programs for people with a chronic disease.
Decoherence as an Inherent Characteristic of Quantum Mechanics

We show that it is possible to explain the quantum measurement process within the framework of quantum mechanics without any additional postulates. The key concept of the theory is decoherence, which appears as an inherent characteristic of quantum mechanics and results from the uncertainty relation. In contrast to environment-induced decoherence, this decoherence exists prior to a measurement being made. To clarify our idea, we examine three elemental experiments: a Stern-Gerlach-like experiment, the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm (EPR-Bohm) experiment, and the double-slit experiment. By considering the first experiment, we explain how the uncertainty relation between position and momentum introduces decoherence prior to measurement. Consideration of the EPR-Bohm experiment leads us to conclude that the correlation of the EPR pair is not a consequence of what is known as the collapse of the wave function. Our theory of decoherence can also be applied to experiments with continuous eigenvalues, such as the double-slit experiment. Consideration of the double-slit experiment leads us to understand how pure quantum mechanics describes the fact that quanta behave as interfering particles.
Efficient Local Map Search Algorithms for the Placement of Flying Relays

This paper studies the optimal unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) placement problem for wireless networking. The UAV operates as a flying wireless relay to provide coverage extension for a base station (BS) and deliver capacity boost to a user shadowed by obstacles. While existing methods rely on statistical models for potential blockage of a direct propagation link, we propose an approach capable of leveraging local terrain information to offer performance guarantees. The proposed method allows to strike the best trade-off between minimizing propagation distances to ground terminals and discovering good propagation conditions. The algorithm only requires several propagation parameters, but it is capable to avoid deep propagation shadows and is proven to find the globally optimal UAV position. Only a local exploration over the target area is required, and the maximum length of search trajectory is linear to the geographical scale. Hence, it lends itself to online search. Significant throughput gains are found when compared to other positioning approaches based on statistical propagation models.
Client-Edge-Cloud Hierarchical Federated Learning

Federated Learning is a collaborative machine learning framework to train a deep learning model without accessing clients’ private data. Previous works assume one central parameter server either at the cloud or at the edge. The cloud server can access more data but with excessive communication overhead and long latency, while the edge server enjoys more efficient communications with the clients. To combine their advantages, we propose a client-edge-cloud hierarchical Federated Learning system, supported with a HierFAVG algorithm that allows multiple edge servers to perform partial model aggregation. In this way, the model can be trained faster and better communication-computation trade-offs can be achieved. Convergence analysis is provided for HierFAVG and the effects of key parameters are also investigated, which lead to qualitative design guidelines. Empirical experiments verify the analysis and demonstrate the benefits of this hierarchical architecture in different data distribution scenarios. Particularly, it is shown that by introducing the intermediate edge servers, the model training time and the energy consumption of the end devices can be simultaneously reduced compared to cloud-based Federated Learning.
Tunable Pure Spin Supercurrents and the Demonstration of Their Gateability in a Spin-Wave Device

Recent ferromagnetic resonance experiments and theory of Pt/Nb/Ni8Fe2 proximity-coupled structures strongly suggest that spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in Pt in conjunction with a magnetic exchange field in Ni8Fe2 are the essential ingredients to generate a pure spin supercurrent channel in Nb. Here, by substituting Pt for a perpendicularly magnetized Pt/Co/Pt spin-sink, we are able to demonstrate the role of SOC, and show that pure spin supercurrent pumping efficiency across Nb is tunable by controlling the magnetization direction of Co. By inserting a Cu spacer with weak SOC between Nb and Pt/(Co/Pt) spin-sink, we also prove that Rashba type SOC is key for forming and transmitting pure spin supercurrents across Nb. Finally, by engineering these properties within a single multilayer structure, we demonstrate a prototype superconducting spin-wave (SW) device in which lateral SW propagation is gateable via the opening or closing of a vertical pure spin supercurrent channel in Nb.
Will we observe black holes at LHC

The generalized uncertainty principle, motivated by string theory and non-commutative quantum mechanics, suggests significant modifications to the Hawking temperature and evaporation process of black holes. For extra-dimensional gravity with Planck scale O(TeV), this leads to important changes in the formation and detection of black holes at the the Large Hadron Collider. The number of particles produced in Hawking evaporation decreases substantially. The evaporation ends when the black hole mass is Planck scale, leaving a remnant and a consequent missing energy of order TeV. Furthermore, the minimum energy for black hole formation in collisions is increased, and could even be increased to such an extent that no black holes are formed at LHC energies.
Generalized Thermostatistics and Wavelet Analysis of the Solar Wind and Proton Density Variability

In this paper, we analyze the probability density function (PDF) of solar wind velocity and proton density, based on generalized thermostatistics (GT) approach, comparing theoretical results with observational data. The time series analyzed were obtained from the SOHO satellite mission where measurements were sampled every hour. We present in the investigations data for two years of different solar activity: (a) moderate activity (MA) period (1997) and (b) high activity (HA) period (2000). For the MA period, the results show good agreement between experimental data and GT model. For the HA period, the agreement between experimental and theoretical PDFs was fairly good, but some distortions were observed, probably due to intermittent characteristics of turbulent processes. As a complementary analysis, the Global Wavelet Spectrum (GWS) was obtained allowing the characterization of the predominant temporal variability scales for both the periods and the stochastics aspects of the nonlinear solar wind variability are discussed.
Retrospective Study of a Series of 20 Ivory Prostheses in the Treatment of Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthritis

Abstract Background Many surgical treatment options for osteoarthritis (OA) of the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint exist. However, no procedure has been proven superior. Good results have been described for TMC joint replacement. Purpose To analyze the results of the Ivory prosthesis in the treatment of symptomatic TMC OA. Patients and Methods A retrospective single-center follow-up study was performed. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ), active range of motion, strength, and radiological outcomes were assessed and analyzed. Differences between the operated and nonoperated hand were analyzed using paired t-tests. Twenty patients were included with a mean follow-up duration of 37.0 months. Results Patients experienced minimal pain with a mean VAS pain score of 1.9. DASH and MHQ scores indicated mild to moderate impairments. Eighty-five percent of patients assessed the operation excellent or good. Significant differences were found in measurements of extension and palmar thumb abduction in favor of the contralateral hand. No significant differences in strength between both hands were found. Two patients had a dislocation of the prosthesis; one patient required open reduction and tightening of the joint capsule. The other dislocation was treated with trapeziectomy and interposition of a fascia lata allograft. One patient had a collapse of the trapezium requiring a revision procedure. Conclusion Ivory prosthesis TMC arthroplasty can achieve good results in patients with symptomatic isolated TMC OA. In this series, however, revision surgery was required in 3 of 20 cases.
The choice of Morbid Anatomy as a career by medical undergraduates in a developing country

Background: The distribution of medical manpower among the various specialties should be of interest to Government, health administrators and medical educators of any nation. Objective: To examine the factors that influence specialty choice of medical students in Ilorin Medical School and the influence of undergraduate medical education on this with special focus on Morbid Anatomy. Method: A survey of 157 medical students who have completed their posting in Morbid Anatomy was undertaken using an objective semi-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included a first part detailing the demographic characteristics of the students and the second part asking such questions relating to their specialty preferences, factors influencing their choices, their impression of Morbid-Anatomy as a specially and the improvement they would like to see in its teaching. Results: The four most popular specialties were Paediatrics (26.1%). Surgery (21.7%) Internal Medicine (14.7%) and Obstetrics & Gynaecology (14.0%). These are determined by factors like: natural interest (44.6%) possibilities of job satisfaction (17.2%) humanitarian drive (12.7%) personal convenience (5.1%) and gender issue (7.6%). Others include quality of teaching and financial reward (3.2% each), personal aptitude (2.6%) and family influence (0.6%). 1.3% of the respondents adduced no reason for their choice of specialty. While 64.3% of the respondents consider Morbid Anatomy as interesting and important, only (21.3%) would pick it as first for future career. Majority of the students would want improvement in quality of teaching, allocating more time to morbid anatomy with more practical sessions especially exposure to autopsy practice. Conclusion: Health administrators, planners and medical educators must develop strategies to attract medical students to unpopular specialties like morbid anatomy. This may include improving quality of teaching, giving priority to employment of specialists in such field and the use of role models to encourage medical students. Keywords : Morbid Anatomy, undergraduate education career NQJHM Vol. 15 (2) 2005: pp. 64-66
Understanding the Transfer Deficit: Contextual Mismatch, Proactive Interference, and Working Memory Affect Toddlers' Video-Based Transfer.

Researchers tested the impact of contextual mismatch, proactive interference, and working memory (WM) on toddlers' transfer across contexts. Forty-two toddlers (27-34 months) completed four object-retrieval trials, requiring memory updating on Trials 2-4. Participants watched hiding events on a tablet computer. Search performance was tested using another tablet (match) or a felt board (mismatch). WM was assessed. On earlier search trials, WM predicted transfer in both conditions, and toddlers in the match condition outperformed those in the mismatch condition; however, the benefit of contextual match and WM decreased over trials. Contextual match apparently increased proactive interference on later trials. Findings are interpreted within existing accounts of the transfer deficit, and a combined account is proposed.