Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Minimum Wages and Unemployment Benefits in a Unionised Economy: A Game-Theoretic Approach

This paper aims at contributing to the labour market effects of minimum wages and unemployment benefits from a game-theoretic viewpoint. In a dual labour market model, the first sector outcome is characterised by bargaining between unions and firms, while in the second sector firms have to pay a statutory minimum wage. The model shows that the effects of minimum wages differ from those of unemployment benefits. Moreover, we show that the labour market outcome depends on the underlying game-theoretic bargaining solution. That is, the labour market effects of unemployment benefits and minimum wages in the Nash bargaining solution differ substantially from the effects if bargaining follows the Kalai-Smorodinsky solution.
The Effect of Heat Treatment on Nanoparticle Size and ORRActivity for Carbon-supported Pd–Fe Alloy Electrocatalysts

The synthesized carbon-supported Pd-Fealloy electrocatalysts were characterized for the purpose of the fuel cell cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The synthesized catalysts were characterized in terms of structural morphology and catalytic activity by XRD and electrochemical measurements. Surface cyclic voltammetry was used to confirm the formation of the Pd–Fe alloy. The catalysts were heat-treated at temperatures ranging from 300 ◦ C to 700 ◦ C for different ageing times, in order to improve activity and stability. The average particle size of 10.16 nm, and the highest ORR catalytic activity were obtained at the optimal heat-treatment temperature 300 ◦ C for 3h. Electrocatalytic ORR activity was also examined in an acidic solution containing methanol. The results showed that the synthesized Pd–Fe/C catalyst has methanol tolerant capabilities.
Interactions between Bio-Based Compounds and Cyclodextrins

Bio-based compounds, such as “ green ” surfactants and phytochemicals, are regarded as future sustainable resources for a vast range of applications in a modern society increasingly demanding economical, social, and environmental awareness. Natural compounds from plants(phytochemicals)areverysoughtbythepharmaceutical,cosmetic,andfoodindustries. On the other hand, the growing interest in “ green ” surfactants (e.g., carbohydrate-based) is dueto,interalia,theirpreparationfromrenewablerawmaterials,readybiodegradability,andbiocompatibility,amongotherreasonsoffundamental,practical,economical,andenviron-mental orders. Despite the wide range of potential applications of these bio-based com- pounds, their practical use is still limited due to many reasons such as poor aqueous solubility, volatility, reactivity, etc. Generally, when complexed with cyclodextrins, these bio- based compounds enhance considerably their performance and potential applications. Thus, this chapter aims at recalling some general fundamental aspects of phytochemicals and “ green ” surfactants, such as structure, function, and applications. In addition, their interactions with cyclodextrins are discussed from a physicochemical point of view with special focus on the techniques, mathematic modeling, and thermodynamic parameters (e.g., interactions, stoichiometries, association constants, etc.).
Celiac disease in Saudi children

Objectives: To characterize the clinical presentations and diagnosis including serological tests and histopathological findings in children with celiac disease. Methods: All children (<18 years) with confirmed celiac disease diagnosed over a 6 year period at a private tertiary care health care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were studied retrospectively. Information collected included demographics, clinical presentation and diagnostic modalities with serology and small intestinal histology reported by Marsh grading. Results: A total of 59 children had confirmed celiac disease. Thirty (50.8%) were male. Median age was 8 years (range 1 to 16 years). The mean duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 2.3 (±1.5) years. Classical disease was present only in 30.5%, whereas 69.5% had either non-classical presentations or belonged to high risk groups for celiac disease such as those with type-1 diabetes, autoimmune thyroiditis, Down syndrome and siblings. Failure to thrive was the most common presentation followed by short stature, abdominal pain and chronic diarrhea. Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody was positive in 91.5%, and titers were no different between those with classical and non-classical disease. All had Marsh-graded biopsy findings consistent with celiac disease. Conclusion: Children with celiac disease usually present with non-classical features. A high index of suspicion needs to be maintained to consider this disorder in the diagnostic workup of pediatric patients. High risk group should be screened early to avoid complications associated with untreated celiac disease.
Dental students' knowledge of preventing, early detecting and referring patients suffering from oral cancer

health. The objective of the present was to knowledge Isfahan cancer and the comparison of level of knowledge different years present a 2013. The population of the dental students private University of Isfahan which 255 students were randomly selected. The data were collected using questionnaire and were then analyzed using SPSS software program and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney. education was highly significant (P≤0.001). Conclusion: The findings of the research indicated that the level of knowledge of dental students of Isfahan city regarding the detection of oral lesions was not sufficient. Although, the students did not perform common examinations for exploring oral cancer, they did not have sufficient knowledge regarding some of the risk factors and oral lesions related to cancer. Therefore, it is necessary that a comprehensive curriculum be developed in this regard for their
Discrimination of single and complex consonant–vowel‐ and vowel–consonant‐like formant transitions

Two discrimination experiments were performed to determine auditory sensitivity for single and complex consonant–vowel (CV)‐and vowel–consonant (VC)‐like formant transitions. In experiment 1 difference limens in end‐point frequency were determined by means of same/different paired comparison tasks for 20‐, 30‐, and 50‐ms second formant (F2) speechlike transitions, followed or preceded by an 80‐ms vowel‐like steady state in initial or final position, respectively. The F2 transition was either single or part of a multiformant (complex) stimulus, also containing a fixed F1 transition with a steady state, a stationary third formant, and a 20‐ms voice bar. Just‐noticeable differences in end‐point frequency decrease with increasing transition duration in all conditions and are smaller for single transitions than for transitions in a multiformant complex. Although difference limens in end‐point frequency increase with increase in frequency extent, they are smaller in final than in initial position. As for relati.
Treatment Outcome and Associated Factors among Under-Five Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition Admitted to Therapeutic Feeding Unit inWoldia Hospital, North Ethiopia

Background: Severe acute malnutrition is a major challenge to achieve the millennium development goals. It is also the least preventable causes of child deaths. Limited information is found on the factors that influences improvement of treatment outcome in the admitted children. So the study tries to identify associated factors that compromise outcome. Objectives: Assessment of treatment outcome and associated factors among under-five children with severe acute malnutrition admitted to therapeutic feeding unit at Woldia general Hospital. Method: A Hospital record based retrospective cohort study supplemented with qualitative inquiry was conducted. The study period was from January 01 to 06, 2014. Records of 324 children with severe acute undernutrition were taken as the study sample. In-depth interview was conducted with six Health professionals in the ward. Multivariate analyses were done by using logistic regression to identify predictors. Result: Among 324 admitted children, 85% with 95% CI (81%-88.7%), 6% with CI (3.8%-9.2%), 5% and 4% of the cases were cured, died, defaulters and transferred out respectively. children with edema (AOR: 0.2(0.10-0.79), HIV positive children AOR: 0.12(0.032-0.42), Children who gained Plumpy’nut AOR: 3.70( CI: 1.22- 11.23) were significant predictors for cure rate of severe acute malnutrition. Conclusion: Even though recovery and death rates were found above and below the minimum acceptable cut-off points of the sphere standards respectively, better achievement should be expected to reduce mortality rate and increase cure rate. The burden of co morbidities plus lack of training and supportive supervision in the Hospital compromise the rate of recovery. There should be a strong linkage between the Health sector and other stakeholders to minimize the level of child under-nutrition via nutrition education.
Biosystematics study of Steppe Field Mouse Apodemus witherbyi (Rodentia: Muridae) from North-West Iran

Apodemus witherbyi is a species with wide distribution and geographic variation in theIranian plateau. This species exists in syntopic, sympatric or parapatric with other fourreported Sylvaemus species from Iran, i.e. A. hyrcanicus, A. uralensis, A. flavicolis and A.avicennicus. In this study 33 specimens from different localities in NW Iran were examinedto study the taxonomic status and the intra-specific variation of the populations. Thestudy was carried out based on the RFLP analysis of cytochrome b (mtDNA), as well asthe morphological and morphometric analyses external, cranial and dental characters. Theresults reveal that all the specimens studied belong to a same species, A. witherbyi.Variation range of the morphometric characters and the frequency of the morphologicaltraits are provided.
Do Banks Extract Informational Rents through Collateral?

This paper investigates if relationship lending and bank market concentration permit informational rent extraction through collateral. We use equity IPOs as informational shocks that erode rent seeking opportunities. Using unique loan data from China, we find collateral incidence increases with relationship intensity and bank market concentration for pre-IPO loans, while these effects are moderated post-IPO. We further discover after an IPO, rent extraction is moderated for safe firms but intensified for risky firms. These results are not driven by differences or changes in financial risks. Ours is the first investigation on collateral determinants for China with loan-level data.
The Theory of Critical Distances and the estimation of notch fatigue limits: L, a0 and open notches

The Theory of Critical Distances and the estimation of notch fatigue limits: L, a0 and open notches L. Susmel12, D. Taylor2 and R. Tovo1 Summary This paper investigates some practical aspects related to the use of the Theory of Critical Distances (TCD) when employed to estimate notch fatigue limits. The accuracy of different formalisations of the theory was checked by using experimental data taken from the literature. This exercise allowed us to confirm that the simplest formalisation of the TCD, in which both critical distance and critical stress are material constants [1], is also the most accurate one, giving predictions falling within an error interval of about ±20%. The TCD is also accurate when applied to notches having large opening angles.
The Mismeasure of Participation: How Choosing the "Wrong" Statistic Helped Seal the Fate of Aimhigher.

Extant between 2004 and 2011, Aimhigher was the UK government’s flagship national initiative for widening participation to higher education for young people from disadvantaged social groups, with costs approaching £1 billion. Its demise was predicated on a perceived lack of progress and the absence of compelling evaluative research. This paper argues that this ‘lack of progress’ was at least partly due to a confusion in the implementation of the policy aim leading, inter alia, to the late adoption of a poor outcome measure that underestimated improvements in participation from the target groups and focused on the wrong stage of entry to higher education.
Fake News: A Definition

Despite being a new term, ‘fake news’ has evolved rapidly. This paper argues that it should be reserved for cases of deliberate presentation of (typically) false or misleading claims as news, where these are misleading by design. The phrase ‘by design’ here refers to systemic features of the design of the sources and channels by which fake news propagates and, thereby, manipulates the audience’s cognitive processes. This prospective definition is then tested: first, by contrasting fake news with other forms of public disinformation; second, by considering whether it helps pinpoint conditions for the (recent) proliferation of fake news.
Deleting Misconduct: The Expungement of BrokerCheck Records

Abstract We examine a controversial process, known as expungement, which allows brokers to remove evidence of financial misconduct from public records. From 2007 to 2016, we identify 6,660 expungement requests, suggesting that brokers attempt to expunge 12% of the allegations of misconduct reported by customers and firms. When these requests are adjudicated on the merits, arbitrators approve expungement 84% of the time. We show that expungements significantly predict future misconduct; brokers with prior expungements are 3.3 times as likely to engage in new misconduct as the average broker. Further, using an instrumental variable based on the random assignment of arbitrators, we present evidence that brokers who receive expungement are more likely to reoffend than brokers who are denied expungement. We also show that successful expungements improve long-term career prospects.
The Role of Perceived University Support in the Formation of Students' Entrepreneurial Intention

Entrepreneurship education is central to student entrepreneurship. Previous research has attempted to understand the role of entrepreneurship education in the formation of students' entrepreneurial intention and behavior, albeit in an isolated manner. Universities can support entrepreneurship in many ways, but it is important to measure students' perception of the support that they receive in order to understand the extent of such support and its impact on students. The current study proposed and tested an integrative, multiperspective framework. We have hypothesized that the three dimensions of university support, that is, perceived educational support, concept development support, and business development support, together with institutional support, shape students' entrepreneurial self‐efficacy. In turn, entrepreneurial self‐efficacy and individual motivations constitute the fundamental elements of the intention to start a business. A sample of 805 university students took part in the study and data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Our findings showed that perceived educational support exerted the highest influence on entrepreneurial self‐efficacy, followed by concept development support, business development support, and institutional support. Self‐efficacy in turn had a significant effect on entrepreneurial intention. Individual motivations such as self‐realization, recognition, and role had an additional impact on intention. However, intention was not related to financial success, innovation, and independence. The findings suggest that a holistic perspective provides a more meaningful understanding of the role of perceived university support in the formation of students' entrepreneurial intention. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Relationship between Corporate Reputation and Customer Loyalty on Nigerian Food and Beverages Industry: PLS Approach

This study used the partial least squares (PLS) approach to examine the effect of corporate reputation on the customer loyalty of the Food and Beverages Industry in Nigeria. The data for this study were collected from the customers in Kano State Nigeria. Out of 250 distributed questionnaires, 212 usable questionnaires were returned. Before examining the effect of corporate reputation on the customer loyalty of Food and Beverages Industries, the validity and reliability of the measurement, outer, model was investigated and confirmed in line with the standardized reporting style of PLS structural equation modeling. The results of the study concerning to the impact of corporate reputation on the customer loyalty of Food and Beverages Industries was confirmed in line with the premises of the theory of planned behavior that looks intention could be the best determinant of an individual’s behavior. The last section of the study discusses the findings and provides further insights into the future research were also discussed.
Effect of germanium doping on the annealing characteristics of oxygen and carbon-related defects in Czochralski silicon

This paper is devoted to the annealing studies of defects produced in carbon-rich Ge-doped Czochralski-grown Si (Cz-Si) by 2 MeV electron irradiation. The annealing temperature of vacancy-oxygen (VO) complexes, carbon interstitial-oxygen interstitial (CiOi), and carbon interstitial-carbon substitutional (CiCs) pairs as well as the formation temperature of vacancy-two oxygen (VO2) complexes are monitored as a function of Ge concentration. It has been established that the annealing of CiOi and CiCs defects remains practically unaffected by the Ge presence, whereas the annealing temperature of VO defects and the formation temperature of VO2 complexes are substantially lowered at Ge concentrations larger than 1×1019 cm−3. The hydrostatic component of elastic strains introduced by Ge atoms in the Si crystal lattice was calculated. It appears to be very small, at least insufficient to exert a pronounced effect upon the annealing behavior of radiation-produced defects. This conclusion is in line with what is obs.
ORFEUS OBSERVATIONS OF ULTRAVIOLET EXCITED HIGH-J MOLECULAR HYDROGEN

We present measurements of diuse interstellar H 2 absorption lines in the continuum spectra of 10 early-type stars. The data were observed with the Berkeley Extreme and Far-Ultraviolet Spectrometer (BEFS) of the ORFEUS telescope on board the ORFEUS-SPAS I and II space-shuttle missions in 1993 and 1996, respectively. The spectra extend from the interstellar cuto at 912 ˚ to about 1200 ˚ with a resolution of » 3000 and statistical signal-to-noise ratios between 10 and 65. Adopting Doppler broadening velocities from high-resolution optical observations, we obtain the H2 column densities of rotational levels J 00 = 0 through 5 for each line of sight. The kinetic temperatures derived from J 00 = 0 and 1 states show a small variation around the mean value of 80 K, except for the component toward HD 219188, which has a temperature of 211 K. Based on a synthetic interstellar cloud model described in our previous work, we derive the incident UV intensity IUV and the hydrogen density nH of the observed components to be i0:4 • log IUV • 2:2 and 6:3 • nH • 2500 cm i3 , respectively.
Psychiatric Evaluation of Children Born with Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Their Mothers: A Clinical Study

Ad dress for Cor res pon den ce/Ya z›fl ma Ad re si: Burcu Özbaran MD, Ege University Medical Faculty, Department of Child Psychiatry, İzmir, Turkey Gsm: +90 532 791 97 51 E-mail: drbbeker@yahoo.com Re cei ved/Ge liş ta ri hi: 30.09. 2011 Ac cep ted/Ka bul ta ri hi: 12.11. 2011 © Arc hi ves of Neu ropsy chi atry, pub lis hed by Ga le nos Pub lis hing / © Nö rop si ki yat ri Ar şi vi Der gi si, Ga le nos Ya yı ne vi ta ra f›n dan ba s›l m›fl t›r. ABS TRACT Background: The number of parents who have children through assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is increasing. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the psychiatric diagnostic profiles and behavioral characteristics of children born after ART as well as to evaluate the anxiety and depressive symptoms in their mothers. Methods: Thirty-five children (13 girls and 22 boys) born after ART (ART group) were compared with 35 naturally conceived children, matched for gender and age (control group). The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th. Edition (DSM-IV) criteria and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were used for evaluation of the children. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the StateTrait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used for evaluating their mothers. Results: The most common psychiatric diagnoses were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, pervasive developmental disorders and anxiety disorders in both groups. Feeding disorders were significantly more frequent in children born following ART than in controls. Mothers of ART group had higher scores in BDI and STAI. Between both groups, there was a statistically significant difference in some CBCL subscales (e.g. withdrawn, social problems, internalizing and externalizing problems). Conclusion: It is important to know that children born after ART may have some behavioral and psychiatric problems and working with their mothers’ psychologicalstatus is also important. (Arc hi ves of Neu ropsy chi atry 2013; 50: 59-64)
Giving in Dictator Games - Experimenter Demand Effect or Preference over the Rules of the Game?

Which preference underlies giving in dictator games? To date, the experimental evidence has either been interpreted as a preference over the distribution of payoffs, or as an experimenter demand effect. We show that under strict dictator-dictator as well as strict dictator-recipient anonymity, giving in dictator games springs from a preference over the distribution of decision rights. In contrast, concerns which trigger experimenter demand (Andreoni and Bernheim 2009) are negatively correlated with dictator game giving. Our experiments cover a series of dictator game variants which have sparked the experimenter demand debate. In addition, we identify the sets of ethical ideals that dictators employ to derive the 'right' course of action in a formal moral judgement test and model dictator transfers econometrically by means of dictators' actual ethical ideals. Our results explain the lion's share of results from the literature: lower transfers when dictators earn the pie (Cherry et al. 2002); lower transfers when 'take' options are available (List 2007; Bardsley 2008); lower transfers when anonymity is lifted (Hoffmann et al. 1994); generous dictators consistently preferring to avoid the game altogether, if given the option (Lazear et al. 2012), and findings that social norms and beliefs cause dictator transfers (Krupka and Weber 2013; Di Tella et al. 2015; Kimbrough and Vostroknutov 2015).