Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: current methods and the Henry Ford Hospital experience.

Recommended Citation Shetty, P. C. ; Sharma, Rajinder P.; Littleton, Raymond H. ; Krasicky, Gary A. ; Burke, Matthew W. ; Miles, Brian J.; Thrall, James H. ; and Cerny, Joseph C. (1985) "Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Current Methods and the Henry Ford Hospital Experience," Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal : Vol. 33 : No. 2 , 133-137. Available at: https://scholarlycommons.henryford. com/hfhmedjournal/vol33/iss2/13
Randomized controlled trial of Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari) as a lactogogue in lactational inadequacy.

A multicentric, randomized, doubleblind, placebo controlled parallel study was designed to observe a rise in serum prolactin (PRL) levels (primary outcome variable). The other variables studied included weight gain of infant, decrease in volume and frequency of supplementary feeds in those mothers who were From the Departments of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi 110 002 and the Department of Pediatrics, Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, New Delhi 110 001.
Heparin , lipoproteins , and oxygenated fatty acids in blood : A cautionary note

We measured 16 nonesterified oxygenated fatty acid derivatives (oxylipids) in plasmas from seven human subjects. Two arterial samples from each subject were analyzed, drawn approximately 2 h apart. We observed a marked increase in levels of most oxylipids in the second sample, as high as 470-fold. Between the first and second samples, subjects received approximately 800–1000 IU of heparin to prevent clotting in intravascular catheters. We postulate that heparin activated lipoprotein lipases, which, in turn, released oxylipids from triglycerides and phospholipids in plasma lipoproteins. Some of that lipolysis may have occurred during sample storage. Measurements of nonesterified lipids in human plasma may be distorted if heparin is administered to subjects before blood is drawn and if lipase inhibitors are omitted from stored samples. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Mutations That Affect the Tropism of DA and GDVII Strains of Theiler's Virus In Vitro Influence Sialic Acid Binding and Pathogenicity

ABSTRACT Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is a natural pathogen of the mouse. The different strains of TMEV are divided into two subgroups according to the pathology they provoke. The neurovirulent strains GDVII and FA induce an acute fatal encephalitis, while persistent strains, like DA and BeAn, cause a chronic demyelinating disease associated with viral persistence in the central nervous system. Different receptor usage was proposed to account for most of the phenotype difference between neurovirulent and persistent strains. Persistent but not neurovirulent strains were shown to bind sialic acid. We characterized DA and GDVII derivatives adapted to grow on CHO-K1 cells. Expression of glycosaminoglycans did not influence infection of CHO-K1 cells by parental and adapted viruses. Mutations resulting from adaptation of DA and GDVII to CHO-K1 cells notably mapped to the well-characterized VP1 CD and VP2 EF loops of the capsid. Adaptation of the DA virus to CHO-K1 cells correlated with decreased sialic acid usage for entry. In contrast, adaptation of the GDVII virus to CHO-K1 cells correlated with the appearance of a weak sialic acid usage for entry. The sialic acid binding capacity of the GDVII variant resulted from a single amino acid mutation (VP1-51, Asn→Ser) located out of the sialic acid binding region defined for virus DA. Mutations affecting tropism in vitro and sialic acid binding dramatically affected the persistence and neurovirulence of the viruses.
My Wage is Unfair! Just a Feeling or Comparison with Peers?

This paper analyzes the nexus between income comparisons and perceptions of unfair pay. We apply a large German household survey and conduct wage regressions to conclude whether individuals who perceive their wages as unfair earn significantly lower wages than fairly paid individuals with similar characteristics. We find that unfairly paid individuals earn significantly less than fairly paid counterparts. This suggests that unfairness perceptions with respect to wages are based on sound income comparisons with peers. We also contribute findings to the literature on reference points. When asked about a subjectively fair amount in Euros, unfairly paid individuals tend to claim much higher wages than fairly paid individuals with identical characteristics. Wage claims, thus, rest on additional factors.
Managing Supply Risk with Early Supplier Involvement: A Case Study and Research Propositions

Summary While there have been numerous reports of benefits associated with adoption of early supplier involvement (ESI) in product design, particularly in reducing the duration of the design process and improving design outcomes, this study extends a recent stream of research indicating that ESI may be a useful tool for managing supply risk. Utilizing a case-study approach, the current research explores the extent to which ESI reduces the likelihood of supply disruptions and other negative supply events for an aerospace supplier. Although initial adoption of ESI was intended to reduce supply costs, results indicated that ESI serves to reduce perceptions of supply risk at this firm. Factors associated with risk reductions are discussed in the context of agency theoretic variables, and a series of research propositions are presented to build theory in supply risk management.
A retrospective study on the diagnosis of clostridial myonecrosis in ruminants in Brazil

A standardized immunochemistry method for the diagnosis of clostridial myonecrosis was applied to 38 formalized tissue samples from ruminants with clinical and post mortem history suggestive of blackleg or gas gangrene. The diagnosis of clostridial myonecrosis was confirmed in 37 out of 38 (97.4%) samples tested. Clostridium chauvoei and Clostridium perfringens type A were the most common agents found alone, being detected in ten (26.3%) and six (15.8%) samples, respectively. The other cases showed an association of two or three clostridia, with C. perfringens type A detected in 11 (29%) cases. Based on the findings of the present study, polyvalent vaccines against clostridial infections of animals incorporating C. perfringens would be more adequate for preventative purposes in the endemic areas.
How Oppositionality, Inattention, and Hyperactivity Affect Response to Atomoxetine Versus Methylphenidate

Objective: To assess how threshold oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), inattention, and hyperactivity-impulsivity affect the response to atomoxetine versus methylphenidate. Method: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs; ≥6 weeks follow-up). The primary measure was core symptom response—≥40% reduction in ADHD Rating Scale-IV–Parent Version: investigator administered and scored total or domain subscores, as appropriate. Results: Data from 1,391 children and adolescents (823 atomoxetine, 568 methylphenidate; 7 RCTs) were meta-analyzed. The mean difference in response rates for patients with ODD was 0.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = −11.9%-13.1%). The “without ODD” patient group showed significant between-trial heterogeneity (p < .001). Response rate differences for patients meeting the threshold for inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity were −3.1% (95% CI = −11.5%-5.3%) and −4.9% (95% CI = −14.3%-4.4%), respectively. Conclusions: Meeting the threshold criteria for oppositionality, inattention, or hyperactivity-impulsivity did not alter core ADHD symptom response to atomoxetine versus methylphenidate, which was equivalent.
Enhancement of Sandwich Algorithms for Approximating Higher Dimensional Convex Pareto Sets

In many fields, we come across problems where we want to optimize several conflicting objectives simultaneously. To find a good solution for such multiobjective optimization problems, an approximation of the Pareto set is often generated. In this paper, we consider the approximation of higher-dimensional convex Pareto sets using sandwich algorithms. We extend higher-dimensional sandwich algorithms in three different ways. First, we introduce the new concept of adding dummy points to the inner approximation of a Pareto set. By using these dummy points, we can determine accurate inner and outer approximations more efficiently, i.e., using less time-consuming optimizations. Second, we introduce a new method for the calculation of an error measure that is easy to interpret. Third, we show how transforming certain objective functions can improve the results of sandwich algorithms and extend their applicability to certain nonconvex problems. To show the effect of these enhancements, we make a numerical comparison using four test cases, including a four-dimensional case from the field of intensity-modulated radiation therapy. The results of the different cases show that we can achieve an accurate approximation using significantly fewer optimizations by using the enhancements.
Short term outcome and risk factors for adverse clinical outcomes in adults with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was diagnosed in Hong Kong in over 1700 patients between March and early June 2003. Methods: 115 patients diagnosed with SARS were admitted to Queen Elizabeth Hospital, a large regional hospital in Hong Kong, from March 2003, of whom 100 were either discharged or were dead at 31 May. The patients were prospectively studied after admission to assess their short term outcomes and the risk factors associated with adverse outcomes, defined as death or the need for mechanical ventilation Results: At the time of writing 18 patients had died, with a crude mortality rate of 15.7% and a 21 day mortality of 10% (standard error 3%). Thirty nine patients (34%) were admitted to the intensive care unit, 30 of whom (26%) required mechanical ventilation. Multivariate analysis showed that age above 60 (hazards ratio (HR) 3.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 10.2; p=0.02), presence of diabetes mellitus or heart disease (HR 9.1, 95% CI 2.8 to 29.1; p<0.001), and the presence of other comorbid conditions (HR 5.2, 95% CI 1.4 to 19.7; p=0.01) were independently associated with mortality. However, only the presence of diabetes mellitus and/or cardiac disease (HR 7.3, 95% CI 3.1 to 17.4; p<0.001) was associated with adverse outcomes as a whole. Conclusion: SARS is a new disease entity that carries significant morbidity and mortality. Specific clinical and laboratory parameters predicting unfavourable outcomes have been identified.
ICT industry involvement with ICT education and research in universities: Industry perceptions

Stronger linkages between the ICT industry and universities have been called for by both the ICT industry and by universities. The study described in this paper explores the ways in which the ICT industry believes it can and should contribute to ICT education and research in universities. The results confirm how important relationships with universities are seen to be and that industry would like to expand its level of involvement. Industry would like further involvement in curriculum design, both directly and through professional associations. The involvement sought is not just with respect to high-level themes, but many participants felt that they would like input into the content of individual subjects. In addition to providing teaching related input and support, many in industry would also like to benefit from the expertise in universities by attending university run short courses. The paper makes recommendations for how universities and industry can act to strengthen linkages.
Genetic Resistance to Reniform Nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

ii Acknowledgements . v List of Tables. ix List of Figures . x Chapter 1 Literature Review . 1 Literature Cited . 11 Chapter 2 Resistance To Reniform Nematode From G. Hirsutum And G. Longicalyx Sources: A Comparison. 18 Abstract . 18 Introduction . 19 Materials and Methods . 21 Results and Discussion. 23 Experiment 1 . 23 Experiment 2 . 25 Literature Cited . 27 Chapter 3 Seedling Vigor Effects On Evaluation Of Genetic Resistance To Reniform Nematode In Gossypium Hirsutum. 34 Abstract . 34 Introduction . 35 Materials and Methods . 38. 18 Introduction . 19 Materials and Methods . 21 Results and Discussion. 23 Experiment 1 . 23 Experiment 2 . 25 Literature Cited . 27 Chapter 3 Seedling Vigor Effects On Evaluation Of Genetic Resistance To Reniform Nematode In Gossypium Hirsutum. 34 Abstract . 34 Introduction . 35 Materials and Methods . 38
The Effect Of Distributed Earnings And Size Of The Firm To Its Dividend Policy: Some Greek Data

The objective of this paper is to examine the corporate dividend policy for the Greek market. In a series of studies, concerning the Greek market, Vasiliou & Eriotis test and improve, using a panel of data, the classical study of John Lintner who explains the amount dividend paid by firms using the earnings of the firm plus an adjustment according to the dividend paid the year before. This paper is an extension of Vasiliou & Eriotis’ work that test the assumption that firms set their dividend policy not only by the net distributed earnings, but also by the change from the last year’s dividend, the change from the last year’s distributed earnings and the size of the firm. This model is applied on a panel sample of a large number of firms listed on the Athens Stock Exchange for the period 1996 – 2001. The hypothesis that is tested in this paper is that the dividend at time t depends upon the distributed earnings at time t, the size of the firm and changes in dividend and distributed earnings from the last year (t-1). The empirical results verified the hypothesis that the Greek companies prefer to distribute, each year a rather constant dividend, which they adjust from year to year according to their distributed earnings and size.
eHealth information quality and ethics issues: an exploratory study of consumer perceptions

Purpose – Marketers and health care providers alike have been actively using the internet to provide information and market a wide variety of health care services and products. This study aims to address consumer's perceptions regarding the quality and ethics of eHealth care web sites.Design/methodology/approach – Using a national random sample of 1,227 respondents, this study identifies online health care information seekers and explores the type of information they seek, their perceptions of eHealth web site quality and ethics, and eHealth care purchases.Findings – The results indicate that while WebMD currently dominates the eHealth care market, the future for niche eHealth care web sites appears promising as consumers' perceptions of eHealth care web site quality and ethical behaviors improve.Practical implications – Using quality dimensions identified by trade associations, it appears consumers believe useful and accurate healthcare information can be found online, which suggests the potential for de.
Home Market Effects on Innovation

We model and estimate the home-market effect and study its implications for inequality within and across countries. The home-market effect occurs when exogenous differences in demand across countries generate endogenous differences in comparative advantages through technical change that is specific to a country and sector. Estimating it has proved difficult because econometricians do not directly observe exogenous differences in demand but only observe equilibrium expenditures, which also depend on supply-side characteristics. Our solution is to exploit non-homotheticity in preferences to construct instruments for the location of production, which determines comparative advantage through a home-market effect on innovation. Motivated by data, the model features factor-biased technologies and imperfect technology diffusion, which generate both Ricardian (endogenous relative productivity) and Heckscher-Ohlin-type comparative advantage (endogenous factor intensity). Because the production of income-elastic goods concentrates in rich, skill-endowed countries, technology diffusion implies that income-elastic goods in the model are endogenously more skill intensive in all countries. Home-market effects thus generate within-country inequalities through skill-biased technical change while they generate across-country inequalities because countries differ in their access to larger, richer markets. We explore counterfactual simulations using the estimated model to evaluate the effects of trade and technology diffusion on inequalities.
Duplex detected ankle peak systolic velocity: a new parameter for the assessment of degree of peripheralischemia.

AIM The objective of this study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of a newly developed parameter: the ankle peak systolic velocity (APSV) to provide an objective assessment of the degree of peripheral ischemia. METHODS In phase 1 of the study: data was prospectively collected for 21 ischemic limbs and 5 healthy volunteers. APSV was calculated as the mean value of the distal anterior and posterior tibial arteries peak systolic velocities (PSV). Ankle brachial index (ABI) was calculated for the anterior tibial and posterior tibial arteries. A mean ABI for both tibial arteries was also calculated. APSV was correlated with the mean ABI. Cut off values were calculated to differentiate critical, moderate and no ischemia. In phase 2 of the study data was prospectively collected for 37 ischemic limbs and 5 healthy volunteers, to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the cut off values of the APSV to identify limbs with critical ischemia, moderate ischemia, and no ischemia. RESULTS APSV correlated strongly with the mean ABI (r=0.8, p<0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of APSV in identifying critical ischemia were 90% and 87%, for moderate ischemia they were 75% and 88%, and for differentiating limbs with any degree of ischemia from normal limbs they were 100% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS APSV can be used as an alternative to ABI for the assessment of degree of peripheral ischemia.
Design and optimization of highly linear CMOS low noise amplifiers via geometric programming

Linearity is an important measurement for the performance of a CMOS low noise amplifier (LNA). The high computational cost required in the linearity simulation, however, constitutes a major bottleneck in the design verification stage. In this paper, we develop a novel and systematic geometric programming (GP)-based approach for the optimized design of a highly linear CMOS LNA, subject to the minimization of the noise factor. Experiments confirm the remarkable efficacy and accuracy of the proposed design flow against traditional simulators.
Surveillance of a recently switched non‐prescription medicine (Diclofenac) using a pharmacy‐based approach

Postmarketing surveillance of prescription medicines is a routine practice, yet similar evaluation of non‐prescription medicines, including those recently switched from prescription status, is uncommon. This study presents the methodologic issues and limitations of the use of pharmacies in the ‘post‐reclassification’ surveillance of oral diclofenac potassium 25 mg which had been recently switched from physician prescription to non‐prescription sale.
Transition-Based Parsing for Large-Scale Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammars

Deterministic, transition-based parsing has seen a surge of interest over the recent decade, with research efforts targeting Dependency Grammar, Context-Free Grammar, Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG), and Combinatory Categorial Grammar. Previous work, however, has not applied the transition-based approach to parsing with hand-crafted, largescale unification-based grammars. Basing our studies on the English Resource Grammar (ERG), we evaluate the feasibility of transferring strategies and methods from other transitionbased approaches to a semantically ‘deep’, hand-crafted HPSG. Our parsing platform, dubbed CuteForce, constitutes a pipeline which assumes pretokenized sentences, and produces syntacto-semantic representations in accordance with the ERG framework. The components in this pipeline include a preprocessing and supertagging stage and a transition-based parsing stage where both deterministic and near-deterministic strategies are evaluated. We evaluate the supertagger in isolation, and compare our overall parsing results to other ERG parsers. This allows us to assess the trade-offs a transition-based parsing approach for large-scale HPSGs may have in terms of parser precision, robustness and efficiency, compared to ‘classic’ parsing approaches. Both the preprocessing stage and the transition-based parser rely on large amounts of training data. To ensure that we had sufficient linguistic resources for our data-driven platform, the first part of the project was committed to extracting a corpus from Wikipedia, and convert this data to a gold standard treebank (WeScience Treebank) and a ‘silver standard’ parsed corpus (WikiWoods). Utilizing Wikipedia as a linguistic resource has received increased attention, and we expect that the methodology for corpus acquisition presented in this thesis could also prove useful to other research initiatives. We find that large amounts of ‘silver standard’ training data allows us to train a supertagger that reaches a previously unmatched level of supertagging accuracy for the ERG. Further, our evaluation shows that although the transition-based parser does not obtain state-of-the-art accuracy, it still reaches a high level of accuracy, coupled with much higher parsing efficiency than other parsers based on the same grammar, making it a suitable choice amongst others when speed has high priority.
Are all helicobacters equal? Mechanisms of gastroduodenal pathology and their clinical implications

Most cases of peptic ulcer disease, gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and cancer of the distal stomach are complications of Helicobacter pylori infection. However, as with most infections not all patients who contract the infection develop the complications of the disease. The other factors that influence the likelihood of problems arising are the virulence of the infecting organism, the genetic constitution and age of the host, and environmental factors. This paper focuses mainly upon the effect of strain differences and the causation of serious disease. There is considerable genetic variation between the different strains of H pylori, some causing a more severe inflammatory response in the host than others. These strains are also associated with a greater likelihood of causing peptic ulcer, atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer. There is some evidence to suggest that these more virulent organisms may also protect the host from the development of reflux oesophagitis and possibly cancer in the region of the gastro-oesophageal junction. The major difference between virulent and relatively avirulent organisms depends upon the presence of the cag pathogenicity island, a segment of DNA that has been acquired possibly from another organism and is now incorporated within the helicobacter genome. Its presence is associated with the secretion of the vacuolating toxin which is a protein known to cause damage in cell culture and in vivo. As CagA, one of the proteins produced by the pathogenicity island, is highly antigenic, people infected with more virulent strains can be identified by a blood test. Currently controversy surrounds the question as to whether all patients with H pylori should be treated for infection or whether medication should be reserved for those who already have the complications of the infection, or individuals infected with the more virulent strain of the organism.