Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Vitaxin®, a novel therapeutic in trial for metastatic bone tumors, on osteoclast functions in vitro

The integrin αvβ3 mediates cell–matrix interactions. Vitaxin®, a humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks human and rabbit αvβ3 integrins, is in clinical trials for metastatic melanoma and prostate cancer. αvβ3 is the predominant integrin on osteoclasts, the cells responsible for bone resorption in health and disease. Here, we report the first investigation of Vitaxin's effects on osteoclast activity. Vitaxin (100–300 ng/ml) decreased total resorption by 50%, but did not alter resorptive activity per osteoclast. Vitaxin (300 ng/ml) decreased osteoclast numbers on plastic by 35% after 48 h. Similarly, attachment after 2 h was reduced by 30% when osteoclasts were incubated with Vitaxin (300 ng/ml) for 25 min prior to plating; however, the rate of fusion of osteoclast precursors in Vitaxin‐treated and control groups was equal. Using time‐lapse microscopy, we evaluated the effect of Vitaxin on osteoclast morphology and found a significant reduction in osteoclast planar area only when cells were pretreated with macrophage colony stimulating factor (M‐CSF). Extracellular Ca2+ and M‐CSF have opposite effects on αvβ3 conformation. Elevation of extracellular Ca2+ eliminated the inhibitory effect of Vitaxin on osteoclast attachment. In contrast, the effect of Vitaxin was enhanced in cells pretreated with M‐CSF. This action of M‐CSF was suppressed by the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3‐kinase) inhibitor wortmannin, suggesting that M‐CSF increases Vitaxin's inhibitory effect by inside‐out activation of αvβ3. In conclusion, Vitaxin decreases resorption by impairing osteoclast attachment, without affecting osteoclast formation and multinucleation. Our data also show that Vitaxin's inhibitory effects on osteoclasts can be modulated by factors known to alter the conformation of αvβ3. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 341–352, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human Papillomavirus-Associated Adenocarcinoma In Situ of the Vestibule.

CASE REPORT A 56-year-old G4P4 woman presented with 4 years of vulvar pain and pruritis. Her history included hysterectomy and salpingooophorectomy for benign indications, gastroesophageal reflux, and tachycardia. She was a nonsmoker with no history of HPVrelated genital disease. Clinically, an ill-defined erythematous lesion involved the left vestibular mucosa, centred at 2 o'clock. Underlying connective tissues were clinically normal, Bartholin glands nonenlarged and the vagina and vulva appeared atrophic (Figure 1). After initial biopsy, wide local excision of the involved left vulva was performed. The excision measured 44 22 6 mm. Histologically, normal squamous mucosa was replaced by a proliferation of glands and solid nests comprising atypical columnar cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, frequent mitoses, and scattered apoptoses (Figure 2). No invasion was seen. Alcian blue/PAS stain showed luminal and apical cytoplasmic mucin. In situ neoplasia was identified, partly replacing an adjacent minor vestibular gland (MVG) (Figure 3). With immunohistochemistry, lesional cells stained strongly with cytokeratin 7, weakly with cytokeratin 20 and displayed strong block-positive p16 staining. P40 was rarely focally positive. Estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR), GATA3, CDX2, uroplakin, and prostatic specific antigen were all negative. The MVG showed similar immunostaining, although p16 was negative in the uninvolved portion of the gland. The Bartholin duct was not found after histological examination of the entire resection specimen. Human papillomavirus 18was identified on reverse hybridization. The posteromedial margin of
R. A. Fisher (1890—1962): An Appreciation

typifying Cambridge, the wonderful melting pot of ideas, where astronomers rub shoulders with historians, neurophysiologists with lawyers, and mathematicians with geneticists, statisticians, and others. The appraisal of Fisher's scholarly activity should, then, be made from at least three points of view, the point of view of statistics, that of mathematics, and that of empirical science. As a statistician, R. A. Fisher appears to me to be a direct descendant of Karl Pearson, with side influences of G. Udny Yule and of F. Y. Edgeworth. From the point of view of mathematics, the situation is more complicated. Fisher's early days at Cambridge were, roughly, on the dividing line between two epochs, the earlier epoch of manipulative skills and the subsequent period of conceptual developments. Fisher seems to have belonged to the epoch of manipulative skills, in which he was supreme. Also, I remember his declaring that the change symbolized by the names of Hardy and Littlewood was a disaster in English mathematics. Nevertheless, some of the most important writings of Fisher appear to be influenced by what was then the incipient era of conceptual mathematics. The part of Fisher's work that I admire most is one that must have resulted from the general Cambridge atmosphere, from his contacts with representatives of empirical sciences, astronomers (in particular with A. S. Eddington), geologists, and biologists. Here I have in mind not only Fisher's direct contributions to science, especially to population genetics, but also Fisher's actual founding of an entirely novel discipline related to scientific research which I like to call the theory of experimentation. Even though Fisher's
Lower Airway Foreign Body Aspiration in Children

This analysis of thirteen cases of lower airway foreign body aspiration in children reveals a high incidence of aspiration into the left main bronchus, and an increased incidence in older children. Early identification of non- radio opaque foreign bodies such as food and plastic toys is difficult in the absence of a positive history. Suggestions are offered for prevention, early detection, and treatment.
Perceived social pressure not to experience negative emotion is linked to selective attention for negative information

ABSTRACT Social norms and values may be important predictors of how people engage with and regulate their negative emotional experiences. Previous research has shown that social expectancies (the perceived social pressure not to feel negative emotion (NE)) exacerbate feelings of sadness. In the current research, we examined whether social expectancies may be linked to how people process emotional information. Using a modified classical flanker task involving emotional rather than non-emotional stimuli, we found that, for those who experienced low levels of NE, social expectancies were linked to the selective avoidance of negative emotional information. Those who experienced high levels of NE did not show a selective avoidance of negative emotional information. The findings suggest that, for people who experience many NEs, social expectancies may lead to discrepancies between how they think they ought to feel and the kind of emotional information they pay attention to.
Augmentative effect of FSH on LH-induced ovulation in the hen.

Injections of a mixture of fsh and lh into hens caused premature ovulation although each hormone was ineffective when injected alone at the same dose level. The incidence of premature ovulation increased when an ineffective dose of fsh was given with a mildly effective dose of lh. The increase was also found when fsh was injected either immediately after or 1 hr after the injection of lh. The results suggest that fsh augments the action of lh to induce ovulation in the hen.
An Efficient Bypassing Void Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network

Since the sensor node’s distribution in a wireless sensor network (WSN) is irregular, geographic routing protocols using the greedy algorithm can cause local minima problem. This problem may fail due to routing voids and lead to failure of data transmission. Based on the virtual coordinate mapping, this paper proposes an efficient bypassing void routing protocol to solve the control packet overhead and transmission delay in routing void of WSN, which is called EBVRPVCM. The basic idea is to transfer the random structure of void edge to a regular one through mapping the coordinates on a virtual circle. In EBVRPVCM, some strategies, executed in different regions, are selected through virtual coordinates to bypass routing void efficiently. The regular edge is established by coordinate mapping that can shorten the average routing path length and decrease the transmission delay. The virtual coordinate mapping is not affected by the real geographic node position, and the control packet overhead can be reduced accordingly. Compared with RGP and GPSR, simulation results demonstrate that EBVRPVCM can successfully find the shortest routing path with higher delivery ratio and less control packet overhead and energy consumption.
Refractory Angina: The Magnitude of the Problem, Ayurvedic Approach and Emerging Novel Therapies: A Holistic Approach

Many patients present debilitating symptoms related to myocardial ischemia which cannot be controlled by a rational combination of antianginal drugs due to uncontrolled progression of disease with arterial occlusion and diffuse involvement of previous grafts or postangioplasty restenosis, preventing new attempts of myocardial revascularization. This condition is defined as refractory angina, which greatly impairs the quality of life of the affected. The goal of rehabilitative therapy in such a situation is directed towards the improvement in the quality of the life as the disease is chronic and the person has to lead a quality life in the presence of the disease.
HEALTH STATUS OF SEVENTH‐DAY ADVENTISTS

A comparison of health status between 779 Seventh‐day Adventists, who have a strong commitment to health‐related life styles, and two other groups of people—8363 persons referred by general practitioners and 9825 volunteers— was made. The Seventh‐day Adventists showed less impairment of systolic and diastolic blood pressures, of plasma cholesterol and plasma urate concentrations, and of lung ventilatory capacity; and less obesity at most specific ages. With increasing age, the level of breathlessness, reported heart disease, hypertension, and hypertensive and diuretic therapy in this sample approached that of the comparative groups, possibly because of natural attrition of high‐risk persons in the latter. Depression, sleeplessness, use of sedatives and tranquillizers were lower in the Seventh‐day Adventists; although, once again, a drawing together of the three groups in older age categories was evident. It is concluded that the life style of Seventh‐day Adventists is conducive to lessened morbidity, delayed mortality, and decreased call on health services in comparison with the general population.
Loan Syndication and Credit Cycles

Cyclicality in the supply of business credit has been the focus of a considerable amount of research. This cyclicality can stem from shocks to borrowers’ collateral, which affect firms’ ability to raise capital if agency and information problems are significant (Ben S. Bernanke and Mark Gertler, 1989). Or it can stem from shocks to bank capital, which affects the supply of bank loans if agency and information problems limit the ability of banks to raise additional capital (Bernanke, 1983). In this paper, we examine cyclicality in the supply of credit in the context of modern forms of banking, often referred to as the “originate-to-distribute” model. In particular, we focus on the role of syndicated lending.
Motives to Study and Socialization Tactics Among University Students

Abstract The authors focused on the period following students' admission to university and examined the effects of students' motives to study and socialization tactics on their academic achievement and academic satisfaction. The authors hypothesized that socialization tactics would mediate the relation of motives to study to academic achievement and satisfaction. The findings confirmed the hypotheses and highlighted the importance of students' socialization tactics in the university setting. In addition, the research provided a typology to distinguish different types of socialization tactics.
Locally advanced breast cancer: contrast-enhanced subtraction MR imaging of response to preoperative chemotherapy.

PURPOSE To determine the value of contrast material-enhanced subtraction magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in assessment of response to chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen women treated with chemotherapy because of locally advanced breast cancer underwent preoperative MR examination including both routine and dynamic MR sequences after injection of gadolinium tetraazacyclododecanetetraacetic acid. Any early contrast enhancement, concomitant with early vascular enhancement during the dynamic MR study, was considered pathologic. RESULTS Dynamic MR studies showed early contrast enhancement in all women with residual tumor except one with nodular residual tumor. Histopathologic analysis and dynamic MR images of contrast-enhanced lesions correlated well, but in one patient, intraductal extension was not seen on MR images, and in another, additional isolated tumor cells were seen in the histologic specimen. Subtraction images always facilitated visualization of vascular and pathologic contrast enhancement. CONCLUSION Dynamic MR contrast-enhanced subtraction studies are useful in assessment of residual tumor after chemotherapy.
Self-Assessments of Risk Tolerance by Women and Men

A convenience sample of 1,741 Internet users completed a 12-item financial risk-tolerance questionnaire. They also rated themselves on their tolerance for financial risk using a 4-point rating scale. The 12-item summated rating score was used to predict the self-rating. The residual between actual and predicted self-rating was compared by sex. The residual for males was positive, indicating that men tended to overestimate their proclivity for taking risks. Conversely, the residual for females was negative, suggesting that women underestimate their tolerance for risk. The relationship held when controlling for other factors linked to risk tolerance, i.e., age, household income, marital status, and education. It was also noted that risk tolerance was overestimated by younger respondents and those with a graduate education.
Differentiation of EBV‐induced post‐transplant Hodgkin lymphoma from Hodgkin‐like post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease

Abstract: The development of lymphomas after SOT is a well‐known complication of the immunosuppressive therapy necessary to prevent graft rejection. Epstein‐Barr virus plays a central role in the pathogenesis of lymphomas because of its ability to transform infected cells. Differentiating PTLD from malignant lymphomas, especially HL can be challenging. We report on two patients, who developed EBV‐associated lymphomas several years after SOT. A histological examination of lymph nodes led to a diagnosis of HL in both patients, who were started on chemotherapy according to current treatment protocols. A rapid and complete remission in one patient prompted us to analyze the expression pattern of EBV‐latency genes. In this patient, the EBV expression profile revealed a latency type III suggesting the diagnosis of Hodgkin‐like PTLD. The other patient required six courses of chemotherapy plus radiotherapy to reach a complete remission. In his tumor cells, a restricted EBV‐latency type II pattern was found, suggesting a diagnosis of classical HL. These two cases demonstrate that in post‐transplant lymphomas with histological features of HL, an analysis of the expression pattern of EBV proteins might aid in the differentiation between PTLD and HL.
EEA1 restores homeostatic synaptic plasticity in hippocampal neurons from Rett syndrome mice

Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss‐of‐function mutations in MECP2, the gene encoding the transcriptional regulator methyl‐CpG‐binding protein 2 (MeCP2). Mecp2 deletion in mice results in an imbalance of excitation and inhibition in hippocampal neurons, which affects ‘Hebbian’ synaptic plasticity. We show that Mecp2‐deficient neurons also lack homeostatic synaptic plasticity, likely due to reduced levels of EEA1, a protein involved in AMPA receptor endocytosis. Expression of EEA1 restored homeostatic synaptic plasticity in Mecp2‐deficient neurons, providing novel targets of intervention in Rett syndrome.
A Case of Schnyder Corneal Dystrophy with Crystals

Purpose To report a rare corneal dystrophy and its common findings to help aid others in proper and early diagnosis and management. Case Report A 56-year-old male patient presented with the concern of blurry vision in both eyes that has progressed over the last 10 years. Anterior segment examination revealed arcus with a central haze in both eyes and crystalline deposition in the right eye. A diagnosis of Schnyder corneal dystrophy was made based on clinical presentation. Conclusions Schnyder corneal dystrophy is rare but has different presentations and may actually be misdiagnosed. The clinical signs change as the patient ages causing a decrease in vision, which may necessitate referral for phototherapeutic keratectomy, penetrating keratoplasty or deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty. The patient’s systemic findings that correlate with the dystrophy need to be assessed and managed appropriately.
A region of the 5' noncoding region of foot-and-mouth disease virus RNA directs efficient internal initiation of protein synthesis within cells: involvement with the role of L protease in translational control

Plasmids encoding bicistronic mRNAs have been constructed and used to identify a region from the 5' noncoding region of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) which directs efficient internal initiation of protein synthesis within cells. The loss of about 30 nucleotides (nt) from the 5' terminus or about 50 nt from the 3' terminus of the 435-nt region completely abolished the activity of this region. The expression of the FMDV L protease severely inhibited the expression of other genes unless they were preceded by this element. The regulation of protein synthesis mediated by FMDV is discussed.
Culture and Social Resistance to Reform: A Theory About the Endogeneity of Public Beliefs With an Application to the Case of Argentina

This paper attempts to understand the factors that explain the degree of support or criticism that a reform process may be subject to. Understanding these determinants is critical, in turn, to assess the feasibility and sustainability of those reforms. In particular, we want to assess what are the elements that create societal consensus for reform and which are the main factors that turn public opinion against it. In the case of Argentina, for example, such dynamics are critical to understand how public opinion imposed constraints on government behavior, affected macroeconomic performance, and ultimately, determined the chance of success of reforms.
LES PERITONITES AIGÜES GENERALISEES EN MILIEU RURAL AU BURKINA FASO : A PROPOS DE 221 CAS

1024x768 RESUME : But. Etudier les peritonites aigues en milieu rural au Burkina Faso. Materiel et methode : Etude transversale descriptive sur trois ans allant du 1 er janvier 2007 au 31 decembre 2009 des patients operes pour peritonite aigues generalisee dont le diagnostic a ete confirme en per operatoire au centre hospitalier regional de Dedougou. Resultats : En trois ans, 221 cas peritonites aigues generalisees ont ete operees. Ces peritonites ont represente 31,2% des urgences abdominales. L’âge moyen de nos patients etait de 24,34 ans avec des extremes de 1 an et de 79 ans. L’etiologie typhique venait en tete avec 42,5% suivie de l’etiologie appendiculaire 33% et la perforation d’ulcere gastroduodenale avec 6,8%. Les peritonites primitives representaient seulement 3,2%. On a note 40,2% de complications dont la suppuration parietale constituait 56,2%. La mortalite globale etait de 19%. Mots cles: Peritonite, chirurgie , etiologie, zone rurale, Burkina Faso Normal 0 21 false false false FR X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tableau Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:. 0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
Manner asymmetries in the perception of laryngeal contrast: A noise-masking experiment in Russian

The issue of the effect of consonant manner on the perceptibility of laryngeal contrast was addressed. Previous studies of perceptual confusion suggest that, in noise, the laryngeal contrast in fricatives is more difficult to perceive than stops for listeners in English, which is typologically classified as an “aspirating” language. The present study examined whether a similar pattern is observed in Russian, which is typologically classified as a “true-voice” language. Native listeners of Russian identified voiced and voiceless obstruents in Gaussian white noise conditions. The results demonstrate that voicing in stops is more confused than that in fricatives in noise, indicating a trend that is the opposite of that observed for English. The results suggest that the pattern of manner asymmetries in the perception of laryngeal contrast is not universal.
Childhood and adolescent obesity and depression: A systematic literature review.

Childhood and adolescent obesity is a major health concern worldwide. This review summarizes the current literature on the association between childhood and adolescent obesity and depression. Multiple scientific databases (PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, CINAHL and PsycINFO; January 1990 to April 2011) were searched for articles focusing on the association betw obesity and depression. Inclusion criteria were age translated into English. Fifty-one articles were identified including 19 prospective cohort studies, one randomized controlled t rial and one meta childhood obesity is associated with depression, whereas three prospective cohort studies, one systematic literature review, and one meta future obesity. Some cross-sectional studies found no association between childhood obesity and depression. Compared with boys, obese girls are more likely to be depressed. Depression is associated with increased actual body weight, but this rela body weight and dissatisfaction with body image. The majority of studies have shown that childhood and adolescent obesity is associated with depression. Studies have also shown that childhood depression leads to futu re obesity. Clinicians should be aware of this association and provide mental health assessment, obesity prevention, and treatment when indicated.