Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Annotating Hate Speech: Three Schemes at Comparison

A nnotated data are essential to train and benchmark NLP systems. The reliability of the annotation, i.e. low inter-annotator disagreement, is a key factor, especially when dealing with highly subjective phenomena occurring in human language. Hate speech (HS), in particular, is intrinsically nuanced and hard to ﬁt in any ﬁxed scale, therefore crisp classiﬁcation schemes for its annotation often show their limits. We test three annotation schemes on a corpus of HS, in order to produce more reliable data. While rating scales and best-worst-scaling are more expensive strategies for annotation, our experimental results suggest that they are worth implementing in a HS detection perspective. 1
A Close Look at Echium amoenum Processing, Neuroactive Components, and Effects on Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Pharmacological researches in the area of herbal medicine have considerably increased over the last two centuries. Echium amoenum (known as Gol-e-Gavzaban in Persian) is a medicinal plant that has been widely used in Iranian folk medicine. In this review, databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched up. Data collecting was completed by January 2019 and available scientific reports regarding the processing methods, main chemical constituents, and effects of E. amoenum on different neuropsychiatric disorders are summarized. Thirteen five studies met the inclusion criteria. According to results, the important phytochemicals of the plant was phenolic compounds, fatty acids, rosmarinic acid, anthocyanidins, and flavonoids. Also, experimental and clinical studies demonstrated the effectiveness of E. amoenum in the treatment of several neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, ischemic stroke, seizure, Alzheimer’s disease, and pain. Many of these effects are, at least in part, due to its rosmarinic acid or polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids and natural pigments such as anthocyanins. Also, fatty acids such as gamma-linolenic acid play critical role in neuroactive properties of this herb. Among these effects, only the antidepressant and anxiolytic properties of the plant extract have been examined both experimentally and clinically. There was some controversy over its toxicity effects. It seems that E. amoenum protects neurons via attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation as well as blocking of apoptosis in the nervous system. However, more studies are necessary for assessing exact mechanisms of action in neuropsychiatric disorders, finding of bioactive ingredients, and processing methods of this plant.
SURFACE QUALITY OF PERUVIAN AMAZON WOODS SUBMITTED FOR PLANNING AND SANDING

The present study aimed to evaluate the quality of the machined surface of wood of Peruvian Amazonian species under industrial processing conditions. For this, planks of capirona (Calycophyllum spruceanum), cachimbo (Cariniana domestica) and copaíba (Copaifera paupera) were obtained from which four specimens of each species were removed and selected. The specimens were previously conditioned and subsequently submitted to planing and sanding operations, considering three cutting orientations (tangential, radial and intermediate). Then, the quality of the flattened and sanded surfaces of the studied species was evaluated by measuring the surface roughness (Ra) by means of a digital needle detection roughness meter. The results indicated significant differences in wood surface quality among the species in the three evaluated cutting planes, and the capirona radial plane had better planing and sanding quality. Concomitantly, due to the operations performed, the capirona wood allowed a greater possibility for better finishing, followed by cachimbo and copaíba wood, thus being grouped in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd surface quality classes, respectively.
On the Cross-lingual Transferability of Monolingual Representations

State-of-the-art unsupervised multilingual models (e.g., multilingual BERT) have been shown to generalize in a zero-shot cross-lingual setting. This generalization ability has been attributed to the use of a shared subword vocabulary and joint training across multiple languages giving rise to deep multilingual abstractions. We evaluate this hypothesis by designing an alternative approach that transfers a monolingual model to new languages at the lexical level. More concretely, we first train a transformer-based masked language model on one language, and transfer it to a new language by learning a new embedding matrix with the same masked language modeling objective, freezing parameters of all other layers. This approach does not rely on a shared vocabulary or joint training. However, we show that it is competitive with multilingual BERT on standard cross-lingual classification benchmarks and on a new Cross-lingual Question Answering Dataset (XQuAD). Our results contradict common beliefs of the basis of the generalization ability of multilingual models and suggest that deep monolingual models learn some abstractions that generalize across languages. We also release XQuAD as a more comprehensive cross-lingual benchmark, which comprises 240 paragraphs and 1190 question-answer pairs from SQuAD v1.1 translated into ten languages by professional translators.
QUALITY OF Eucalyptus urograndis CHARCOAL PRODUCED IN THE SOUTHERN REGION OF TOCANTINS

The objective of this work was to determine the quality of the Eucalyptus urophilla x Eucalyptus grandis clone charcoal, defining the basic density and wood retractability, apparent density, breaking index, charcoal yield, condensable and non-condensable gas yield, AQI and calorific values, comparing the results of different trunk positions and in two different heating ramps, ramp 1 (R1) with a heating rate of 1.25 ºC/min, final temperature of 450ºC and total of 6 hours, and ramp 2 (R2) with a heating rate of 1.19 ºC/min, final temperature of 500ºC and total time of 7 hours. The six evaluated trees were from a six-year-old cloned tree plantation located in the municipality of Gurupi, in the south of Tocantins state. The specimens for the characterizations were made from wooden discs removed from three trunk positions (base, DBH, top). The Eucalyptus urograndis wood presented basic density considered average (0.47 g/cm³) and good dimensional stability. The charcoal presented an expected yield and high calorific value influenced by the final temperature of the heating ramps, high fixed carbon content, acceptable ash content, as well as a low breaking rate. The results were satisfactory and identified the species as a good energy source.
The relationship between health literacy and health promoting behaviors among adults in Bushehr

Background and Objective: The skills that are required for understanding and applying health information to everyday life have been conceptualized as health literacy. Limited health literate people have more health problems, given that health promoting behaviors can play a protective role for people's health, therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between health literacy and health promoting behaviors. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 402 individuals over 18 years of age referred to the health centers (in the city of Bushehr, south of Islamic Republic of Iran), completed the (FCCHL) scales for assessing health literacy, (HPLP II) for assessing health promoting behaviors and a demographic questionnaire. The sampling method in this study was two-stage cluster sampling. Multiple regression model was performed in the analysis using R software (version 3.3.2) to predict health literacy outcome. Results: Functional, communicative and critical health literacy were related to some aspects of health-promoting behaviors but not to all. All the health literacy subscales were significant predictors of health responsibility and none of them predict interpersonal relations. Conclusions: Health literacy plays an important role in successful health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, but the impact differs by context. These findings can be used in planning and the implementation of educational interventions to improve healthy lifestyles.
Improving Electric Energy Consumption Prediction Using CNN and Bi-LSTM

The electric energy consumption prediction (EECP) is an essential and complex task in intelligent power management system. EECP plays a significant role in drawing up a national energy development policy. Therefore, this study proposes an Electric Energy Consumption Prediction model utilizing the combination of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) that is named EECP-CBL model to predict electric energy consumption. In this framework, two CNNs in the first module extract the important information from several variables in the individual household electric power consumption (IHEPC) dataset. Then, Bi-LSTM module with two Bi-LSTM layers uses the above information as well as the trends of time series in two directions including the forward and backward states to make predictions. The obtained values in the Bi-LSTM module will be passed to the last module that consists of two fully connected layers for finally predicting the electric energy consumption in the future. The experiments were conducted to compare the prediction performances of the proposed model and the state-of-the-art models for the IHEPC dataset with several variants. The experimental results indicate that EECP-CBL framework outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches in terms of several performance metrics for electric energy consumption prediction on several variations of IHEPC dataset in real-time, short-term, medium-term and long-term timespans.
Elongated Flexuous Plant Virus-Derived Nanoparticles Functionalized for Autoantibody Detection

Nanoparticles derived from the elongated flexuous capsids of Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) have been shown to be efficient tools for antibody sensing with a very high sensitivity if adequately functionalized with the corresponding epitopes. Taking advantage of this possibility, TuMV virus-like particles (VLPs) have been genetically derivatized with a peptide from the chaperonin Hsp60, a protein described to be involved in inflammation processes and autoimmune diseases. Antibodies against the peptide have been previously shown to have a diagnostic value in at least one autoimmune disease, multiple sclerosis. The functionalized Hsp60-VLPs showed their significant increase in sensing potency when compared to monoclonal antibody detection of the peptide in a conventional immunoassay. Additionally, the developed Hsp60-VLPs allowed the detection of autoantibodies against the Hsp60 peptide in an in vivo mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. The detection of minute amounts of the autoantibodies allowed us to perform the analysis of their evolution during the progression of the disease. The anti-Hsp60 autoantibody levels in the sera of the inflamed mice went down during the induction phase of the disease. Increased levels of the anti-HSP60 autoantibodies were detected during the resolution phase of the disease. An extension of a previously proposed model for the involvement of Hsp60 in inflammatory processes is considered, incorporating a role for Hsp60 autoantibodies. This, and related models, can now be experimentally tested thanks to the autoantibody detection hypersensitivity provided by the functionalized VLPs.
Book Review Principles and Practice of Endocrinology and Metabolism Edited by Kenneth L. Becker, with eight others. 1912 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott, 1990. $125.

Principles and Practice of Endocrinology and Metabolism is a practical, clinically relevant, and comprehensive text that covers the entire field of endocrinology and metabolism, including the diffuse endocrine system; morphology and physiology; diagnosis and treatment of endocrine diseases; endocrinology of the female; hormones and cancer; and much more. The Third Edition contains new chapters reflecting the latest advances and features expanded coverage of genetics and the endocrinology of sepsis. More than 1,400 illustrations complement the text. A drug formulary appears at the back of the book.
THE SPORT EDUCATION MODEL IN ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Este estudo consistiu em oferecer uma revisão atualizada das implementações mais recentes do Modelo de Sport Education (SEM) do primeiro ao 12º ano (6-18 anos), incluindo as mais novas tendências de pesquisa para estudos futuros. Uma revisão sistemática de 2013 a 2017 foi realizada utilizando os bancos de dados de maior referência e os artigos originais que incluíam informações sobre as implementações do SEM em qualquer grau escolar. A implementação do SEM expandiu-se enormemente nos últimos cinco anos para incluir todos os diferentes domínios de aprendizagem: físico, social, cognitivo e afetivo. Entretanto, a implementação do SEM não é fácil e precisa de formação específica de professores. O SEM parece ser uma abordagem pedagógica adequada para praticar esporte, ao mesmo tempo em que desenvolve habilidades motoras, conhecimento técnico-tático e valores.
On the prediction capabilities of two SGS models for large-eddy simulations of turbulent incompressible wall-bounded flows in OpenFOAM

Abstract A comprehensive evaluation of the prediction capabilities of two Sub-Grid-Scale (SGS) models, for Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) of incompressible turbulent flows, is performed by studying two cases of flows through wall-bounded domains: a standard smooth-wall channel and a channel featuring fixed geometrical perturbations in its bottom wall. The SGS models were computationally implemented in OpenFOAM’s framework and numerical results have been evaluated using available DNS data of turbulent flow in the standard channel flow case at four different friction Reynolds numbers, i.e. Reτ =180, 395, 550 and 950. A number of well-known features were employed to judge about the reliability of the selected SGS models in the standard channel case, including: mean flow velocity profiles, ensemble averages of first and second-order turbulent statistics, and profiles of TKE. One of the SGS models was employed to explore the second case, a flow with high levels of strain and formation of large-scale vortical structures induced by cavities and/or ribs-like protuberances in one of the boundaries. Our numerical experiments show that both SGS models exhibit good quantitative and qualitatively agreement with most of the important flow features in both wall-bounded flows considered, although the attained levels of accuracy exhibited a mesh-resolution dependency. In the non-smooth-wall case, the selected SGS model was able to successfully capture, in accurate manner, effects as turbulence modulation and changes of the skin friction coefficient. It is clear that the implementations of the SGS models were successful in predicting the turbulent behaviour of the selected flow cases.
The Relationship between Eating Wild Animal Meat with the Level of Uric Acid in Langowan Minahasa, Indonesia

Background; Some researchers have proven that there was a relationship between eatingmeatanduricacidlevels. Therehavebeennospeciﬁcstudiesontherelationship between eating wild animal products and uric acid levels. LangowanMinahasa is one of the tribes in Indonesia whose people love to eat wild animal meat from hunting. Objectives; The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between consumption of wild animal meat and uric acid levels in the LangowanMinahasa community. Methods; The research method used wascross sectional with 35 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Results; 42.9% of respondents eat wild animal meat more than three times a week and the mean of uric acid was 6.78mg/dL (SD = 1.27). There was a positive relationshipbetween consumption of wild animal meat with uric acid levels in the MinahasaLangowan community (r = 0.562), (p = 0.000). Conclusions; consumption of wild animal meat with uric acid levels have a positive relationship. This study recommend that the LangowanMinahasa people should reduce or even stop consuming wild animal meat and switch to consuming other protein sources. The researcher also recommended to village ofﬁcials and the government to provide information to the community on the negative impact of consuming meat from hunted products, both on health and natural ecosystems.
Semi-analytic forecasts for JWST – III. Intrinsic production efficiency of Lyman-continuum radiation

The James Webb Space Telescope is expected to enable transformational progress in studying galaxy populations in the very early Universe, during the epoch of reionization. A critical parameter for understanding the sources that reionized the Universe is the Lyman-continuum production efficiency, ξion, defined as the rate of production of ionizing photons divided by the intrinsic UV luminosity. In this work, we combine self-consistent star formation and chemical enrichment histories predicted by semi-analytic models of galaxy formation with stellar population synthesis (SPS) models to predict the expected dependence of ξion on galaxy properties and cosmic epoch from z = 4–10. We then explore the sensitivity of the production rate of ionizing photons, $\dot{N}_\text{ion}$, to the choice of SPS model and the treatment of stellar feedback in our galaxy formation model. We compare our results to those of other simulations, constraints from empirical models, and observations. We find that adopting SPS models that include binary stars predict about a factor of 2 more ionizing radiation than models that only assume single stellar populations. We find that UV-faint, low-mass galaxies have values of ξion about 0.25 dex higher than those of more massive galaxies, but find weak evolution with cosmic time, about 0.2 dex from z ∼ 12–4 at fixed rest-UV luminosity. We provide predictions of $\dot{N}_\text{ion}$ as a function of Mh and a number of other galaxy properties. All results presented in this work are available at https://www.simonsfoundation. org/semi-analytic-forecasts-for-jwst/.
Rooting of sweet potato seedlings submitted to supplemental calcium and phosphorus nutrition on substrate

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the rooting and growth of sweet potato seedlings in trays in response to substrate supplementation with calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). Two greenhouse experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with a split plot scheme and eight repetitions. In the Ca experiment, the plots were the doses of 0, 100 and 200 mg kg-1 of Ca, and in the P experiment, by the doses of 0, 150 and 300 mg kg-1 of P. In both experiments, the subplots corresponded to the sampling time of seedlings (15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after planting). The Ca present in the substrate was sufficient to promote the proper rooting and growth of sweet potato seedlings in the trays. The Ca supply in excess (200 mg kg-1) adversely affected the growth of seedlings that remained in the tray for more than 60 days. Although the seedlings supplied with P showed higher root growth rate after 45 days, the initial P available in the substrate was sufficient to promote the adequate growth of the seedlings in the trays until 60 days.
Relationship between lower limb muscle strength and single-leg sit-to-stand performance in young adults

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate protocol of the single-leg sit-to-stand (STS) test in terms of number of repetitions for assessment of the lower limb muscle strength in young adults by exploring relationship between variables obtained from the 1, 3 and 5 repetitions single-leg STS tests (time to complete and power index of the STS test) and lower limb muscle strength obtained from an isokinetic dynamometer. Materials and methods: Forty-six healthy participants with mean age of 21.04±1.21 years participated in the study. Each participant performed 1, 3, and 5 repetitions of single-leg STS test. Time (T1-STS, T3-STS and T5-STS) and power index (P1-STS, P3-STS and P5-STS) were measured during each repetition of the single-leg STS test. Lower limb muscle strength was measured by a Contrex MJ isokinetic dynamometer. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC3, 1) values of the time to complete the 1, 3 and 5 repetitions single-leg STS test were 0.68, 0.78 and 0.90, respectively. P3-STS and P5-STS were highly correlated with lower limb muscle strength (r=0.753 and r=0.782, respectively) while P1-STS was moderately correlated with lower limb muscle strength (r=0.687). T1-STS, T3-STS and T5-STS had poor to moderate correlations with lower limb muscle strength (r=-0.459, r=-0.487, and r=-0.573, respectively). Conclusion: Power index of the single-leg STS test had strong relationship to the lower limb muscle strength. Therefore, the power index obtained from single-leg STS test can be used to predict strength of the lower limb muscles. The most suitable number of repetitions when performing the single-leg STS test was 3 repetitions as it required less time to administer and has excellent reliable.
A study on the life quality of patients suffering from leishmaniasis

Background & Objective: skin lesions, Scars and psychiatric disorders are an important issue in the life of patients with coetaneous leishmaniasis. The prevalence of Leishmaniasis has been increasing in Fasa, therefore this study assesses the life quality of patients suffering from leishmaniasis in Fasa between 2010-2011. Materials & Methods: This descriptive - cross sectional study was conducted in 2010 on 70 patients with coetaneous leishmaniasis that were referred to Fasa health center. The Data was collected by the three questionnaires, demographic, SF-36 and DLQI. In order to compare the quality of skin life was assessed in subgroups using t-tests and ANOVA. The relationship between quality of life and quality of life skin was calculated with Pearson correlation. Results: in this study, the mean of DLQI scores in patients was 13.7. The findings show that There is an inverse relationship between the score and age of the subjects )r= 0.312(. But there is a direct relationship between the score with its duration. The highest mean score of the quality of the subjects’ attitude towards general health )72.1 +-21.5(, but the lowest was towards the subjects social performance )56.1+- 27.7(. Conclusion: The study can be conducted to determine the factors associated with the quality of life and physical and psycho-logical harm must be prevented with planning.
Banana Bioactives: Absorption, Utilisation and Health Benefits

Banana is an important fruit consumed globally and cultivated in humid and subtropical climes. The fruit comprises nutrients in its pulp and peel with beneficial properties. Banana in its unripe form, consists of indigestible compounds, resistant starch and dietary fibres. The starchy fruit degrades to fructose and sucrose when ripe, thus reducing its starch content. Aside its carbohydrate profile, essential macro and micro minerals, vitamins and phenolic compounds are other nutrients present in pulp and peel of the fruit. Resistant starch, an indigestible compound available in banana fruit, escapes absorption in the small intestine and is transported to the large intestine where digestion takes place. This occurrence makes banana a pre-ferred fruit for consumers suffering from diabetes. Polyphenols, present in minute concentration in the fruit, functions as antioxidants, thus contributing immensely to the prevention of metabolic degenerative diseases. This chapter further examines available nutrients present in banana fruit, their absorption and utilisation in the body. The chapter also brings to the fore, the health benefits of consumption of ripe, unripe and processed banana products.