Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BEHAVIOR AND RESPONSE OF JAPANESE CATFISH (Silurus asotus) IN CAPTIVITY PROVIDED WITH AN ARTIFICIAL MICROHABITAT MOSAIC

Rearing of Japanese catfish ( Silurus asotus ) requires special considerations for designing of facilities and management. Information on its biology in natural environment provides ideas for developing suitable culture systems. For this species, underwater artificial microhabitat structures are needed to perform its normal behavior. The fish shows distinct preferences for some designs based on visual cues and its decision to make use of these structures is guided by other cues probably related to light and water flow. Microhabitat structures can make a real difference to managing stress of captivity in this species. Absence of a suitable structure causes ‘habitat bottleneck’ that develops aggressive behavior. However, the intraspecific antagonistic behavior gives way to social tolerance among conspecifics. Microhabitat metrics is important in addition to physical attributes of the structure so as to allow social grouping in the fish under favorable conditions.
IMPLICATIONS OF PLUME DISCHARGE FOR TIDAL CHANNELS MORPHODYNAMICS: A COUPLED ONSHORE AND OFFSHORE SYSTEM

This contribution investigates the morphodynamic equilibrium of a funnel-shaped, well-mixed tidal channel taking into account the existing dynamical coupling between the tidal channel itself and the related offshore sediment-laden plume. We use a quasi two-dimensional numerical model that resolves the fully nonlinear unsteady shallow water, sediment bed load transport and suspended sediment advection-diffusion equations along with the Exner equation for the bathymetric changes. We close this model by including a dynamic boundary condition at the channel mouth that transfers the offshore plume sediment concentration to the channel dynamics. This model reveals that the offshore plume reduces the timescales to reach equilibrium of the channel and plays a crucial role on shaping it. At equilibrium, the non-plume influence case attains a quasi-linear profile of constant slope in the seaward part. However, the bottom profile in the case that includes the offshore plume tends to increase the concavity of the bottom profile, reducing the final channel mouth depth. Finally, numerical results suggest that the plume characteristics are altered as a consequence of tidal channel evolution.
Psychological Disorder,Job satisfaction and Teaching Effectiveness among Iranian English and NonEnglish Teachers

The task of shouldering the burden of fulfilling the expectations of students, parents, and principals and in a broader sense, the educational system, exposes teachers to highly stressful situations which are likely to bring about a host of mental disorders. The current study was intended to investigate the relationship between Iranian English and non-English teachers' mental disorder (i.e., distress, anxiety, somatization, & depression), their job satisfaction and effectiveness. To this end, 173 English and nonEnglish teachers working in English language centers and public high schools were conveniently selected. Umme Kulsum's Teacher Effectiveness Scale, Lester's Teacher Job Satisfaction and Terluin's Four Dimensional Symptom questionnaires were used to collect data. The findings revealed an inverse and significant correlation between Iranian English teachers' psychological disorder and their job satisfaction. However, for nonEnglish teachers, only depression subscale of mental disorder was found to be negatively correlated with their job satisfaction. Significant correlations were also found between both English and nonEnglish teachers' psychological disorder and their effectiveness. The results suggest important implications for policymakers and stakeholders in education to reduce the level of stress and job dissatisfaction among teachers through developing mentoring programs
Interactive comment on “Ozone production during the field campaign RISFEX 2003 in the Sea of Japan: analysis of sensitivity and behavior basing on an improved indicator” by Z. Q. Wang et al

The paper investigates the ratio ΣkOHHC/kOHNOx as an indicator for the sensitivity of the ozone production rate (P(O3)) to HC and NOx. This is one of the most useful of the measurement-based approaches to the problem of evaluating O3-HC-NOx sensitivity and deserves to be most widely known. In particular, the ratio ΣkOHHC/kOHNOx appears to be a robust indicator for P(O3), whereas the simpler ratio ΣHC/NOx, which is widely used by regulatory agencies, is only valid for a few specific urban situations. This paper presents useful and interesting results, especially with regard to robustness,
Discourse Analysis of Interpersonal Features in ESL and JSL Textbooks

xi Chapter I: Introduction 1 Chapter II: Literature Review 4 2.1. Systemic Functional Linguistics 4 2.2. History of Systemic Functional Linguistics 5 2.3. Language use in different contexts 6 2.4. Spoken and written language 7 Types of spoken and written discourse 7 Differences between spoken and written discourse 8 2.5. Metafunctions 8 2.6. Mood and primary speech functions 10 2.7. Mood types 11 Declaratives 12 Interrogative 13 Imperative 13 Exclamative 14 2.8. Clause complex 15 2.9. Subject 15 2.10. Personal pronoun 16 2.11. Interpersonal distance 17
New Nanometer T-Gate Fabricated by Thermally Reflowed Resist Technique

Novel nanometer T-gate process has been developed utilizing electron beam (EB) lithography and thermally reflowed resist technique. Through well-controlled EB exposure dosage, heating time and reflow temperature, the resist structures can be efficiently reflowed to form the desired T-gate configuration with dimension ranging from 150 nm to 30 nm. After Ti/Pt/Au metal deposition by electron gun evaporation and lift-off process, the nanometer T-gates with thickness of about 500 nm were formed. With the optimized conditions, ultra-short 30 nm T-shaped gate was clearly demonstrated on the GaAs substrate. This is the smallest T-gate reported with the thermally reflowed technique in the literature so far and can practically be used in the GaAs monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) fabrications.
convergence of MLPG method for various materials of a 2D problem

Atluri and Zhu (1998) have advocated the meshless local Petrov-Galerkin methods (MLPG). It is derived from the local weak form (WF) of the equilibrium equations and by inducting the moving last square approach for trial and test functions in (WF). Finally is discussed over local sub-domains. However, the convergence of the method presents dependency to number of parameters deriving from local weak form and different subdomains. This paper deals with the effect of sizing parameter of subdomains on the convergence and accuracy of the methods and numerical values are presented to specifying the convergence domain by precising maximum and minimum values as a function of distribution nodes number. It also presents a comparison with numerical results for different materials. Numerical results agree with the analytical solution of the deflection.
Emotional intelligence and locus of control of adult patients with breast cancer receiving treatment

Abstract Background: This article investigates emotional intelligence and locus of control in an adult breast cancer population receiving treatment. Gaining insight into these constructs will contribute to improving breast cancer patients' psychological well-being and to reducing physical vulnerability to disease before and during treatment. Method: The researcher used an exploratory, descriptive and correlational approach. Nonprobability purposive sampling was employed. Sixty-seven breast cancer patients receiving treatment participated in the research. A biographical questionnaire, the Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale, and the Rotter Internal-External Locus of Control Scale were used to measure the constructs explored in this article. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Results: The sample yielded above-average levels of emotional intelligence and an internal locus of control. The results indicate a statistically and practically significant negative correlation between emotional intelligence and locus of control. The significant association found between higher and lower emotional intelligence groups and internal and external locus of control groups also confirmed these results. Conclusion: Having an understanding of the psychosocial variables that impact on individuals diagnosed with a chronic illness, in this case breast cancer, can assist interventionists working in the field of positive psychology. While the stressors and challenges that breast cancer patients face are well documented, this article highlights the strength factors emotional intelligence and locus of control as important mediators in the treatment and management of breast cancer.
Investigating Problems of English Literature Teaching to EFL High School Students in Turkey with Focus on Language Proficiency.

Introduction of English literature as a separate school subject into Turkish high school curriculum has revealed a huge number of problems during its practical applications: students’ low levels of proficiency in English, teacher incompetence, low motivation, lack of confidence, limited resources, lack of materials etc. Given the great extent and multi-sided dimension of the new experience, with the constant interference of a variety of external factors, the focus of this study was narrowed down to identify mainly the primary source of problems in EFL-contextualized English literature teaching. To this purpose, two instruments of data collection were used: a teacher questionnaire and English language proficiency test. Analysis of the questionnaire has revealed that, according to English teachers, student-related problems, and particularly students’ low proficiency levels, constitute the most important source of problems. The language proficiency test was applied to see whether this finding confirmed or not the teacher opinion about low proficiency levels of students. The test has revealed students’ real levels of proficiency in compliance with the Common European Framework of References for Languages (CEFR). It showed that about half of the students’ proficiency levels were significantly lower than expected, in this way partly confirming the teacher opinion on low proficiency levels, as the proof of the general inadequacy of students for studying English literature at levels prescribed by the national curriculum. The study has been led to conclude that there is an urgent need to re-adjust English literature curriculum so as to take into account students’ real levels of proficiency, and to review or reconsider it in such ways as to prioritize linguistic competence development over the literary.
Effect of ozone and antioxidants on wheat and its pathogen — Bipolaris sorokininana

Tropospheric ozone (O3) adversely affects growth and productivity of crops and also influences crop–pathogen interactions. Adverse effects of O3 on crops can be mitigated by antioxidants application. In the present study through lab and field experiments impact of O3 and antioxidants treatment to wheat was assessed on growth of Bipolaris sorokiniana (BS-75 strain) pathogen responsible for Spot blotch disease, pathogenesis related (PR) proteins and chitinase content. Results showed that growth of Bipolaris was significantly higher in elevated ozone (EO3) exposed plants as compared to control plants. Antioxidants – ascorbic acid (AA), tagetes extract (T) and quercetin (Q) application on culture media and wheat plants, respectively, retarded the growth of Bipolaris sorokiniana. Among the three antioxidants minimum growth of Bipolaris was observed in AA-treated plants as compared to control plants. Reduction in chitinase activity and PR proteins content due to EO3 treatment in wheat plants was 18% and 78%, respectively, as compared to control plants. Increase in chitinase activity and PR proteins content due to antioxidants treatment in wheat plants was 45% and 60%, respectively, as compared to control plants.
The Detritus Nitrogen Problem: New Observations and Perspectives from Organic Geochemistry

Studies of the decompositional chemistry of 5 types of estuarine macrophyte detritus were undertaken to examine relations among detrital nitrogen, protein, and other decompositional products. Protein and nitrogen contents of the detritus correlated poorly. Although the total mass of protein in all detritus decreased after 150 d of aging, there was a net increase in the mass of detrital nitrogen in some vascular plant detritus. During decomposition, detritus becomes richer in reactive phenolic and carbohydrate groups which may form condensation products with amino acids, yielding precursors to complex nitrogenous humic geopolymers. The existence of a significant positive relation between nitrogen accumulation and the production of humic substances suggests that much of the nitrogen accumulated during detritus decomposition is non-labile humic nitrogen rather than living microbial protein. The process of nitrogen enrichment often observed in detritus studies is consistent wlth the chemical behavior of nitrogen during humification. Biological availability of this humic nitrogen probably depends upon the extent to which proteinoid subunits are retained in the humic macromolecular structure.
Uterine Rupture and Associated Factors During LaborAmongst Women Delivered in Saudi Hajjah Hospital inHajjah City North West Yemen

Background: Uterine rupture lead to elevated maternal and neonatal mortality in a lot of rural places in the world, while in Yemen in both rural and urban places. This study was conducted aiming to determine the prevalence and risk factors of uterine rupture in women who delivered in Saudi Hospital in Hajjah city, Yemen. Method and materials: Service based cross sectional study was done. The data were obtained by filling standard questionnaire from 111 uterine rupture cases and 111 non-uterine rupture comparative controls. Result: The 2-year period of record review in the obstetrics ward shows 3,457 deliveries were conducted 111 of them had uterine rupture (incidence: 1:31). The mean maternal age of females had uterine rupture was 26 years with SD 7.4 years. For risk factors of uterine rupture, there was a highly significant association between uterine rupture occurrence and parity (>5) (OR=3.4, pv< 0.001), illiteracy of females (OR=14.2, pv< 0.001), residence far from hospitals (OR= 2.6 times, pv< 0.001), poverty (OR= 29.2, pv< 0.001), attending ANC for less than 2 visits during pregnancy (OR=29.2, pv< 0.001), using uterotonic drugs to induce or augment labor (OR=4.3, pv = 0.01), home as initial place of deliveries (OR=6.8, pv<0.001). Conclusion: Uterine rupture is one of the major causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in our Hospital in Hajjah. The hospital should develop strong collaborative and integration methods with catchment of healthy facility and educative campaign to decrease prevalence of uterine rupture and its impact in the surrounding Hajjah governorate.
Evaluation of a new experimental test procedure to more accurately determine the surface infiltration rate of permeable pavement systems

Permeable pavements are specifically designed to promote the infiltration of stormwater through the paving surface in order to reduce run-off volumes and to improve water quality by removing sediment and other pollutants. However, research has shown that permeable pavements can become clogged over time and this reduces their infiltration capacity. In order to assess the infiltration of permeable pavements, a variety of infiltration test procedures have been utilised in the past. However, the results have generally been inconsistent, and have shown a large variation in the range of infiltration rates measured. This paper evaluates the performance of two new experimental test methods developed in the Netherlands to more accurately determine the surface infiltration rate of existing permeable pavement installations. The two methods were the falling head full-scale method and the constant head full-scale method. Both of the new methods involved inundating a large area of the pavement in order to determine the infiltration rate through the pavement surface. Double ring infiltrometer tests were also performed to enable a comparison of the results. The study found that the new falling head full-scale testing method produced the most accurate results.
Nephrostomy in pregnancy a district general hospital experience over five years

Background: Obstructed kidney is also termed hydronephrosis. An obstructed kidney produces buildup of urine within thekidney which increases pressure within the kidney. This condition can be a result of several different causes of which pregnancyis one of them. Obstructed kidneys in pregnancy call for relieving by nephrostomy which is a thin, plastic tube (catheter) that isinserted through the skin on the back and into the kidney. It can relieve a build-up of urine in the kidney and prevents the kidneyfrom being damaged. It drains urine directly from one or both kidneys into a collecting bag outside the body. The bag has a tapso it can be emptied. Aims: To find out the rate of nephrostomy tube insertion in pregnant women in North Manchester General Hospital betweenJanuary 2009 – December 2013. To identify problems that emanated from insertion of the nephrostomies. Results: Fifteen patients out of 24,863 deliveries (0.06%) in our catchment area underwent 17 nephrostomy procedures. Allthe nephrostomy insertions were successfully and safely undertaken. There was no immediate complication. The complicationsthat were noted include: subsequent blockage of nephrostomy tubes which required readmission to flush the tubes to renderthem patent, two nephrostomy tubes subsequently fell out which were replaced, there was 1 minor infection which was treatedby oral antibiotics. Surgical causes of obstruction found at post-partum nephrostogram include calculi and ureteric strictureswhich were managed post-partum. All the pregnancies continued to full-term with delivery of normal full-term babies. Conclusions: Percutaneous nephrostomy insertion in the pregnant woman under ultra-sound scan guidance is a safe and effectiveprocedure associated with minimal complications and this allows pregnancy to continue to full term. The fact that theblocked nephostomies could all be flushed easily to unblock the tubes would indicate that if all district nurses are taught how tocarefully flush nephrostomies readmission with blocked nephrostomies would be minimised. Strict adherence to nephrostomyprotocol would partly help reduce complications associated with nephrostomy insertion in pregnancy.
Hetero-Coordination in Liquid Pb-K Alloys

The observed asymmetry in properties of mixing of Pb-K alloys in the molten state is successfully explained on the basis of the quasi-lattice model. The thermodynamic functions such as free energy of mixing, enthalpy of mixing, entropy of mixing and chemical activity of the constituent atom of the alloys have been computed within the frame work of presented model. Most of the computed values are in good agreement with the experimental data. The pair-wise interaction energies between the species of the melt are found to depend considerably on temperature. Theoretical analysis suggests that hetero-coordination leading to the formation of complex Pb2K is likely to exist but is of weakly interacting in nature. The Himalayan Physics Vol. 5, No. 5, Nov. 2014 Page: 82-86
Chapter 6 The chemical senses

While the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) receives information from all sensory modalities, it is most intimately linked to the chemical senses of smell and taste. Portions of the OFC receive robust projections directly from the primary olfactory and gustatory cortices, and these areas are often referred to as the secondary olfactory and gustatory cortex. Given the prominence of the OFC’s involvement in chemosensory processing, examination of the manner in which the OFC codes and uses chemosensory information provides a critical avenue for understanding OFC functions more generally. A review of the animal literature on the OFC suggests the pervasiveness of chemosensory issues even in tasks that are usually interpreted primarily in terms of learning and executive functions. Indeed, most of the basic concepts and theories regarding OFC processing originate from paradigms that utilize or manipulate aspects of food reward or the contingencies necessary to obtain food reward. For instance, animal studies of the OFC’s role in learning and emotion have almost always relied on chemosensory stimuli as either reinforcers or associative cues. Many of the non-chemosensory functions of the OFC may actually represent evolutionary extensions or exaptions of processes involved in coding chemosensory information (exaption is used here to refer to a trait evolved for one purpose that is later used for another). If this hypothesis is correct, the chemosensory functions of the OFC provide a critical context for understanding the broad range of topics covered in this book. The present chapter reviews data on the primate and human OFC’s involvement in chemosensory processing and feeding behavior.
Rational visibility of a Lie group in the monoid of self-homotopy equivalences of a homogeneous space

Let M be a homogeneous space admitting a left translation by a connected Lie group G. The adjoint to the action gives rise to a map from G to the monoid of self-homotopy equivalences of M . The purpose of this paper is to investigate the injectivity of the homomorphism which is induced by the adjoint map on the rational homotopy. In particular, the visible degrees are determined explicitly for all the cases of simple Lie groups and their associated homogeneous spaces of rank one which are classified by Oniscik.
Multi-Technique Comparisons of Ten Years of Wet Delay 1 Estimates on the West Coast of Sweden 2

We present comparisons of 10 year long time series of the atmospheric 6 Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) estimated using the Global Positioning System (GPS), 7 geodetic Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), a Water Vapour Radiometer 8 (WVR), radiosonde (RS) observations, and the reanalysis product of the European 9 Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). To compare the data sets 10 with each other, a Gaussian filter is applied. The results from 10 GPS-RS compar11 isons using sites in Sweden and Finland show that the Full Width at Half Maximum 12 (FWHM) at which the standard deviation (SD) is a minimum increases with the dis13 tance between each pair. Comparisons between three co-located techniques (GPS, 14 VLBI, and WVR) result in mean values of the ZWD differences at a level of a few 15 millimetres and SD of less than 7 mm. The best agreement is seen in the GPS-VLBI 16 comparison with a mean difference of −3.4 mm and a SD of 5.1 mm over the 10 year 17 period. With respect to the ZWD derived from other techniques, a positive bias of up 18 to ∼7 mm is obtained for the ECMWF reanalysis product. Performing the compar19 isons on a monthly basis we find that the SD including RS or ECMWF vary with the 20 season between 3 mm and 15 mm. The monthly SD between GPS and WVR does 21 not have a seasonal signature and varies from 3 mm to 7 mm. 22