Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real‐time telehealth using ultrasonography is feasible in equine practice

Telehealth allows health care professionals to evaluate patients in remote locations using telecommunications technology. This manuscript presents a pilot experience with the goal of testing the feasibility and exploring the bene ﬁ ts for patients and veterinarians, technological challenges and perceived value of telehealth in ultrasound. In phase 1, experienced equine private practitioners and a sonographer performed diagnostic ultrasound examinations in collaboration using telecommunications technology. In phase 2, horses underwent two consecutive ultrasound examinations. One examination was performed by an inexperienced sonographer assisted by a remote expert, and all horses were then scanned by an expert sonographer on-site. Information about each interaction was collected, and a questionnaire was used at the end of the project to summarise practitioners ’ and trainees ’ experiences and perceptions. Thirty-six cases were evaluated using telecommunications technology. There were technological problems that were minor in 11 occasions, and in one case, the remote assistance had to be cancelled. Sonograms were longer when performed by an inexperienced sonographer aided remotely (40 (cid:1) 19, [9 – 73] min) than when performed by a sonographer (24 (cid:1) 12, [4 – 43 min], P = 0.02). Telehealth for ultrasound was feasible, and technological challenges could be solved. Telehealth for ultrasound was well received by private practitioners, house of ﬁ cers and sonography experts. The perceived bene ﬁ ts were the addition of clinically useful information, reassurance to practitioners and horse owners and education for practitioners. The results of this study support generating the hypothesis that telehealth could in the future increase the quality of equine medicine, and prospective studies are needed to con ﬁ rm this. Rigorous care will be needed to ensure that implementation of telehealth technology prioritises equine health and the veterinary profession.
Horse–related spine and spinal cord injuries

Horse-related athletic, recreational and professional activities is a worldwide widespread practice involving people of all ages. This kind of activity, due to the particular risks involved, is associated with a significant number of accidents and injuries of the musculoskeletal system. Spine injuries (SI) and spinal cord injuries (SCI) are serious injuries that can have devastating consequences for the rider. In the present review, we examined their epidemiology, their characteristics in terms of the mechanism and type of injury, the neurological damage they cause and the injured region of the spine. The type of the therapeutic approach and its results were also analyzed. 19 papers that included 7.569 patients, 632 (8.3%) of whom suffered spine or spinal cord injuries, were analyzed. A total of 1.072 injuries were analyzed, 56 % of which concerned men and 44% women. The fall from a horse is considered to be the main mechanism that causes injuries associated with fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine. 58% of the patients with such injuries were hospitalized. There was a complete neurological damage in 31.8% of the patients, while in a significant proportion of 53.5% of the patients; quadriplegia was caused by the injury. Although conservative treatment in simple cases without neurological damage appears to be an effective therapeutic approach, in cases of unstable injuries and neurological impairment surgical treatment can be a method of choice with satisfactory results such as better mobilization and quality of life. *Correspondence to: Antonios G Angoules, Orthopaedic Department, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece, Tel: +30 6977011617, E-mail: antoniosangoules@yahoo.com
Short-term exposure to extreme temperature and risk of hospital admission due to cardiovascular diseases

ABSTRACT Objective: Numerous epidemiological studies have reported relevance of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases with short-term exposure to environmental temperature. In this study, we examined the hypothesis between temperature indices and hospital admission because of cardiovascular diseases. Methods: The daily number of CVDs was obtained from all hospitals of the Sabzevar city. A semi-parametric generalized additive model (GAM) following a quasi-Poisson distribution with distributed lag non-linear model (dlnm) was selected as a modeling framework for time-series analysis. Results: The overall CVD risk comparing the 1st percentile and the 99th percentile relative to the mean temperature (at lag 0) was 1.33 (95% CI, 1.11: 1.61), and 1.34 (95% CI, 1.10: 1.64), respectively. For all indicators, the extremely cold effects persisted for the initial 7 days. Conclusions: Our results suggest that extremely cold and extremely hot temperatures increase the relative risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Self-care behavior and self-care agency in lowering salt consumption in hypertensive older patients based on orem's self-care theory

Introduction: Hypertension is a common chronic disease with multiple systemic complications. Reducing dietary salt intake is one of the most effective and economical methods for managing hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate self-care agency and self-care behaviors of patients with hypertension in reducing dietary salt and its related factors in Tabriz. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 250 hypertensive adults were selected in June 2016–2017 from a pool of referred patients to the general clinic at one large teaching hospitals in Iran. They were selected through purposive sampling method. The data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, self-care agency scale, and self-care behaviors scale. Statistical analysis included simple and multiple (multivariable) linear regression. Results: For dietary sodium reduction, the mean scores (standard deviation) of self-care agency and self-care behaviors were 37.4 ± 10.04 and 36.5 ± 7.8, respectively. Variables with a significant correlation with self-care agency were marital status, age, and the years of hypertension diagnosis (P < 0.001), and for self-care behaviors were marital status and self-care agency (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that single and older patients with a recent diagnosis of hypertension had a low score in self-care agency and self-care behavior. Therefore, health-care providers can focus their educational activities on these individuals to enhance their self-care behaviors and agency.
Epidemiology of parvovirus B19 and anemia among kidney transplant recipients: A meta-analysis

Background: Persistent anemia has been described in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients with parvovirus B19 virus infection. However, the epidemiology of parvovirus B19 and parvovirus B19-related anemia after KTx remains unclear. We conducted this systematic review (1) to investigate the incidence of parvovirus B19 infection after KTx and (2) to assess the incidence of parvovirus B19 among KTx patients with anemia. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted in EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases from inception to March 2019 to identify studies that reported the incidence rate of parvovirus B19 infection and/or seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 in KTx recipients. Effect estimates from the individual studies were extracted and combined using random-effects, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird. The protocol for this systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (no. CRD42019125716). Results: Nineteen observational studies with a total of 2108 KTx patients were enrolled. Overall, the pooled estimated seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 immunoglobulin G was 62.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 45.8%–76.1%). The pooled estimated incidence rate of positive parvovirus B19 DNA in the 1st year after KTx was 10.3% (95% CI: 5.5%–18.4%). After sensitivity analysis excluded a study that solely included KTx patients with anemia, the pooled estimated incidence rate of positive parvovirus B19 DNA after KTx was 7.6% (95% CI: 3.7%–15.0%). Among KTx with anemia, the pooled estimated incidence rate of positive parvovirus B19 DNA was 27.4% (95% CI: 16.6%–41.7%). Meta-regression analysis demonstrated no significant correlations between the year of study and the incidence rate of positive parvovirus B19 DNA (P = 0.33). Egger's regression asymmetry test was performed and demonstrated no publication bias in all analyses. Conclusion: The overall estimated incidence of positive parvovirus B19 DNA after KTX is 10.3%. Among KTx with anemia, the incidence rate of positive parvovirus B19 DNA is 27.4%. The incidence of positive parvovirus B19 DNA does not seem to decrease overtime.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Medical and Allied Science students of Karnataka, India

Background: Overweight and obesity is the underlying cause of death for about 3 million people each year. More than 100 million individuals are obese in India. Few studies have been carried out among Indian undergraduate students where irregular dietary pattern, stress and anxiety are more prevalent due to academic pressure. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of over-weight and obesity in Medical and Allied Science students.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 among 922 medical and allied science undergraduate students of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Karnataka, after obtaining the institutional ethical approval and written informed consent. Information was obtained with the help of pre-designed, pretested semi-structured questionnaire by self-administered method and anthropometric measurement.Results: Overall prevalence of overweight and obesity among students was 23.6% and 5.2% respectively. Prevalence of overweight among male students was 28.7% and 18.6 % in female. Obese male students were 5.5% and 5 % were obese in female.Conclusions: About one fourth of the students were overweight and more than one in twenty students were obese. Overweight and obesity was more in male than female.
A study of cardiovascular sympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle in young females

Background: Menstrual cycle is a regular coordinated physiological change in non-pregnant women. The variation of hormonal concentrations during different phases of the menstrual cycle has a profound influence on autonomic and metabolic activities. The present study was designed to assess the cardiovascular sympathetic functions during different phases of menstrual cycle in normal healthy eumenorrheic females.Methods: Fifty females in the age group of 18-25 years were selected for the study. Non-invasive cardiovascular sympathetic function tests were performed during different phases of the menstrual cycle using RMS Polyrite D.Results: Results were analyzed using paired ‘t’ test. Resting blood pressure, blood pressure response to isometric handgrip test and cold pressor test were statistically significant higher (p-value <0.05), in the secretory phase as compared to menstrual and proliferative phase. Blood pressure response to orthostatic test was statistically significant between the proliferative and secretory phase and between menstrual and secretory phase (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: Our study shows that sympathetic activity is highest during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle and lowest in the proliferative phase as compared to the menstrual phase. This higher sympathetic activity may be correlated with higher estrogen and progesterone levels during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. The study also emphasizes the complex relationship between ovarian hormones and autonomic regulatory systems.
Measuring Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Patient Populations: A Review of Current Approaches

Hickey, Anne; Barker, Maja; McGee, Hannah; O'Boyle, CiaranThe changing demographic profile of the world's population towards old age and evidence of people living for longer with less time spent in ill health highlight the importance of addressing quality-of-life (QOL) assessment issues for older people. The assessment of health-related QOL (HR-QOL) has received considerable attention in the last 2-3 decades, with a wide variety of assessment instruments available. These instruments can be either generic or disease specific, health profiles or preference based.The literature was reviewed systematically to identify studies measuring HR-QOL in older patient groups. A total of 37 studies were identified, 11 of which were randomised, controlled trials/evaluations, 14 were prospective studies that did not involve a randomised, controlled intervention, and 12 were cross-sectional studies. Studies were summarised in terms of the study aim, patient population characteristics, the instrument used to measure HR-QOL, and HR-QOL findings. A majority of studies used a generic HR-QOL instrument, the single most commonly used being the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey. In many cases, a second disease-specific measure was used in combination with the generic measure. In a majority of studies involving interventions, significant improvements in HR-QOL were noted. In prospective studies, a negative impact of health conditions (e.g. myocardial infarction and chronic heart failure) was also identified using HR-QOL assessments.None of the studies in this review used HR-QOL measurement instruments that were old-age specific. Using instruments that are not specific to a particular age group enables comparisons to be made with other age groups, i.e. younger or middle-aged groups. However, the questionnaire items of HR-QOL instruments tend to be phrased predominantly in relation to physical function and thus may inadvertently discriminate against older persons, whose physical function is likely to be not as good as that of younger people. Particular issues in the assessment of HR-QOL in older patient populations include the persistent finding of a poor relationship between QOL and disability/disease severity, the dynamic nature of QOL, and the importance of valid proxy ratings for those unable to make decisions or communicate for themselves.It is important, therefore, that assessment of HR-QOL incorporates issues of importance to individual older people by broadening the scope of the measurement instruments, thus representing more validly the HR-QOL status of older patient groups. Future research in HR-QOL must incorporate the perspective of the individual in order to enable valid conclusions to be derived based on content that is relevant to the individual being assessed, thus informing management decisions, policy and practice more meaningfully.
Cancer, Uremia, and Hemodialysis

18. Warrell R.P. Jr., Hultin M.B. , and Coller B.S.: Increased factor VIII/von Willebrand factor antigen and von Willebrand factor activity in renal failure. Am. J. Med. 66:226-228,1979. 19. Lindner A, Charra B. , Sherrard D.J., and Scribner B.H. : Accelerated atherosclerosis in prolonged maintenance hemodialysis. N. Eng! J. Med. 290:697701, 1974. 20. Hamberg M. , Svensson J., and Samuelsson B. : Thromboxanes: A new group of biologically active compounds derived from prostaglandin endoperoxides. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A 72:29942998, 1975. 21. Moncada S. , Gryglewski R. , Bunting S. , and Vane J.R. : An enzyme isolated from arteries transforms prostaglandin endoperoxides to an unstable substance that inhibits platelet aggregation. Nature 263: 663-665, 1976. 22. Remuzzi G. , Cavenaghi AE. , Mecca G. , Donati M.B. , and de Gaetano G. : Prostacyclin-like activity and bleeding in renal failure. Lancet 2:1195-1197, 1977. 23. Remuzzi G. , Marchesi D. , Livio M. , Cavenaghi AE. , Mecca G. , Donati M.B. , and de Gaetano G. : Altered platelet and vascular prostaglandin-generation in patients with renal failure and prolonged bleeding times. Thromb. Res. 13:1007-1015, 1978. 24. Harter H.R. , Burch J.W. , Majerus P.W. , Stanford N. , Delmez J.A, Anderson C.B. , and Weerts C.A: Prevention of thrombosis in patients on hemodialysis by low dose aspirin. N. Eng! J. Med. 301 :577-579,1979. The International Journal Of Artificial Organs I Vol. 4 no. 3, 19811 p.p. 118-119 © by Wichtig Editore sri, 1981
An evaluation of hyperbaric ropivacaine with magnesium as an adjuvant in lower abdominal surgeries among the north Indian subjects: a double-blind randomized trial

Background: An evaluation of intrathecal hyperbaric ropivacaine without adjuvant and with adjuvant magnesium for lower abdominal surgeries.Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind study conducted among the patients aged 18 to 60 years planned for lower abdomen surgeries under spinal anaesthesia and ASA grade I or II. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups (30 in each): ropivacaine Group (R group): spinal anesthesia with 3ml of 0.6% hyperbaric ropivacaine (18mg )+ 0.5ml NS. hyperbaric ropivacaine + Magnesium Group (R+M group ): spinal anesthesia with 3ml of 0.6% hyperbaric ropivacaine (18mg) + 0.5ml magnesium sulphate (50 mg). All the patients scheduled for operation were given oral tablets ranitidine 150 mg and Alprazolam 0.25mg in the night before surgery.Results: There was no significant difference in the basic characteristics between the groups. The mean HR, MAP and SpO2 in both the groups decreased over the periods as compared to baseline. However, the trend of HR over the periods remains similar in both R and R+M groups. The bromage levels were significantly (p=0.0001) higher among the patients of Group R compared with R+M. The 2 segment sensory regression (min), Sensory regression S2 (hr), motor recovery (hrs) and long term mobilization after spinal anesthesia were significantly (p=0.0001) lower among the patients of Group R compared with R+M. The complications were lower in Group R+M than R.Conclusions: Magnesium may be more suitable drug in surgeries in which muscle relaxation has greater value in lower abdominal surgeries.
The Effects of Anthropometry and Angiogenesis on Breast Cancer Etiology

Factors such as mammographic breast density and angiogenesis may be related to breast cancer development, though numerous questions about the etiologic mechanisms remain. Percent density is positively associated with breast cancer risk, yet is negatively associated with another breast cancer risk factor, body mass index (BMI). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a primary regulator of angiogenesis, yet its relationship to breast cancer risk is unclear. We evaluated the longitudinal association between BMI and breast density in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) Mammographic Density Substudy (N=834). Using adjusted random intercept models, changes in BMI were not associated with changes in dense breast area (Beta=-0.0105, p=0.34), but were strongly negatively associated with changes in percent density (Beta=-1.18, p<0.001). Thus, effects of changes in anthropometry on percent breast density may reflect effects on non-dense tissue, rather than on the dense tissue where cancers arise. Breast density was measured from routine screening mammograms which were not timed with SWAN visits. We developed a method to align the off-schedule mammogram data to the study visit times using linear interpolation with multiple imputation. Our method was shown to be valid, with an average bias for dense breast area of 0.11 cm2. In the random intercept models, use of a simple matching algorithm to estimate breast density produced different (Beta=-0.0155, p=0.04), and likely incorrect, results. Our linear interpolation with multiple imputations method may be applicable to other longitudinal datasets with important data collected off-schedule. In a separate case-control study, the Mammograms and Masses Study (MAMS), we evaluated the association between serum VEGF levels and breast cancer (N=407). Geometric mean VEGF levels were higher among cases (331.4 pg/mL) than controls (291.4 pg/mL; p=0.21). In a multivariable logistic regression model, VEGF greater than or equal to 314.2 pg/mL was positively associated with breast cancer (odds ratio 1.37, 95% confidence interval 0.88-2.12), albeit non-significantly. Higher levels of VEGF may increase breast cancer risk. We have identified roles for anthropometry and angiogenesis in breast carcinogenesis. Enhancing knowledge of breast cancer etiology is a significant contribution to public health and may lead to improved opportunities for prevention or early detection.
Evaluating Marketing Strategies in Organ Donation and Transplantation

Patients suffering from end-stage diseases wait in expectation of life-saving organs that could improve their quality of life. However, there is widening gap between organ supply an demand. The intention of this study is to explore and evaluate marketing strategies in organ donation and transplantation. In an attempt to achieve the purpose of this study, a qualitative approach was employed. Phenomenology was used as the study’s research design. The study used social marketing and the theory of social constructivism as the theoretical frameworks and data was collected through in-depths interviews. Qualitative data was analysed through thematic content analysis. Purposive sampling was used to select 30 organ donation coordinators. The study established that public education is the main vehicle through which organ donation and transplantation are promoted. Educational talks, distribution of information, media, social media, expos, awareness events, and corporate and educational talks are amongst the strategies used to promote organ donation. The study recommends that the Department of Education include the issue organ donation in school curricula, and that religious organisations, regular worksite campaigns, regular television advertisements should be used as vehicles through which to promote organ donation and transplantation. Furthermore, it is recommended that additional public awareness campaigns be held in black communities. It is respectfully recommended that the Organ Donor Foundation consider opening satellite offices in all nine South African provinces.
The quality of life of Mexican-American adults with diabetes mellitus

The purpose of this study was to describe the perceived quality of life of a group of Mexican-American adults with diabetes mellitus. Quality of life was assessed by the diabetes quality of life (DQOL) instrument and was described in relation to satisfaction with self, impact generated by diabetes, and worry about anticipated effects of diabetes. A convenience sample of 40 subjects was recruited from the community. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, t-tests, and Pearson product-moment correlation. Results indicated that this group of Mexican-American adults with diabetes were moderately satisfied with themselves, seldom impacted by diabetes, and seldom worried about anticipated effects of diabetes. Subjects treated with insulin reported significantly more frequent impact of diabetes and worry about anticipated effects of diabetes than subjects not treated with insulin. Nursing implications included cultural adaptation of assessment and promotion of quality of life for the Mexican-American client.