Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Easily Synthesized Polyaniline@Cellulose Nanowhiskers Better Tune Network Structures in Ag-Based Adhesives: Examining the Improvements in Conductivity, Stability, and Flexibility

It is essential to develop a novel and versatile strategy for constructing electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs) that have superior conductivity and high mechanical properties. In this work, easily synthesized polyaniline@cellulose (PANI@CNs) nanowhiskers with a high aspect ratio and excellent solubility in 1,4-dioxane were prepared and added to conventional Ag-containing adhesives. A small amount of PANI@CNs can dramatically tune the structure of the ECAs’ conductive network and significantly improve the conductivity of the ECAs. Good solubility of PANI@CNs in solvents brings excellent dispersion in the polymer matrix. Thus, a three-dimensional (3D) conducting network formed with dispersed PANI@CNs and Ag flakes can enhance the conductivity of ECAs. The conductivity of the ECAs (with 1.5 wt% PANI@CNs and 55 wt% Ag flakes) showed three orders of magnitude higher than that of the ECAs filled with 55 wt% Ag flakes and 65 wt% Ag flakes. Meanwhile, the integration of PANI@CNs with Ag flakes in polymer matrices also significantly enhanced the mechanical compliance of the resulted ECAs. The resistivity remained unchanged after rolling the PANI@CNs-containing ECAs’ film into a 4 mm bending radius for over 1500 cycles. A bendable printed circuit was fabricated using the above PANI@CNs-containing ECAs, which demonstrated their future potential in the field of flexible electronics.
Cognitive level and developmental coordination disorder: study with schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years old

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Corresponding author: Lívia de Castro Magalhães, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, EEFFTO, Campus Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil, e-mail: liviacmag@gmail.com Received em Dec. 03, 2018; 1st Revision on Mar. 20, 2019; Accepted on Apr. 13, 2019. Abstract: Introduction: Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have difficulties learning motor tasks, which suggests cognitive alteration, but evidence about the relationship between motor performance and cognitive level are still inconclusive. Objective: To investigate the relationship between the cognitive level and motor performance of children 7 to 10 years old with and without DCD. Method: We evaluated 402 children from public schools with the motor coordination test, Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2nd ed. (MABC-2) and the cognitive test, Raven’s Progressive Matrices (Raven). Parents completed the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ-Brazil), the Brazil Criterion for Economic Classification and a child’s health history. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and association, comparison and correlation tests. Results: Of the 402 children evaluated, 35 (8,7%) were identified with DCD. No difference was found in cognitive percentiles among children with and without DCD (p = 0,223), but there was a significant association between motor performance and cognitive level in the DCD group (p = 0,023), with a trend towards higher cognitive percentiles in the non-DCD group. There was a significant association (p = 0,009) between the global percentile in MABC-2 and Raven in the total sample. In groups with DCD, there was a significant negative correlation only between MABC-2 and age. Conclusion: There was a greater association between motor and cognitive tests’ scores than between DCD and cognitive level. The results reinforce the heterogeneous profile of children with DCD in both motor and cognitive domain.
INDUCTION OF SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE AGAINST TOMATO ROOT ROT DISEASE UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

Induction of systemic resistance against tomato root rot is considered save and good strategy for controlling this serious disease which lead to delay growth and death of severely infected plants especially under protective production. Sixteen isolates of Rhizoctonia solani and ten of Fusarium solani were isolated from diseased tomato samples collected from ten Egyptian governorates. The isolated fungi were differed in their virulence on tomato plants. Kafr-El-Sheikh isolates No.16 of R. solani and Gharbia isolate No.8 of F. solani were significantly more aggressive than the others. All tested antagonistic treatments including bioagents, biocides, chemical inducers and plant oils as well as Vitavax-200 significantly reduced the disease severity under greenhouse conditions. The results also revealed that dipotassium hydrogen phosphate at 2% concentration, BioArc and Bio-Zeid at recommended doses recorded the least disease severity caused by the isolated pathogens, followed by Trichoderma koningii (14), T. harzianum (15) and Acinetobacter genospecies (B40). Other treatments were less effective. Soaking roots of tomato seedling for two hours in most of biotic and abiotic inducers before transplanting in soil infested with the pathogenic fungi increased peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and chitinase activities at 14 days post inoculation (dpi) to values more than 7 dpi.
YIELD AND FEED VALUE OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) GREEN FORAGE OBTAINED FROM EUROPEAN CULTIVARS GROWN IN POLAND

This article presents the results of a research conducted to evaluate the production-related value and feeding value of selected maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars included in the Common Catalogue of Varieties of Agricultural Plant Species (CCA). The following two factors were examined: A − the harvest date of maize green matter (I − tasseling stage (75% of plants at this stage), II − milk maturity stage (after three weeks), III − wax maturity stage (after another three weeks)); B − cultivars with different times of maturity (Pyroxenia – very early, FAO 130, Codimi – early FAO 200, Moschus – early, FAO 220, Alombo – medium early, FAO 230, Celive – medium early, FAO 245). The results demonstrated that the highest dry matter yield was produced by plants at the wax maturity stage. Cv. Alombo had the highest fresh matter yield. The highest organic matter (OM) digestibility and dry matter (DM) digestibility were determined for maize plants harvested at the wax maturity stage. The earliest maturing cultivars, namely Pyroxenia and Codimi, had the highest organic matter (OM) digestibility and dry matter (DM) digestibility. The highest total protein content and crude ash were recorded for maize plants harvested at the tasseling stage. Cv. Codimi, Moschus, Alombo and Clive produced the highest concentrations of these components.
Use of the Chatbot “Vivibot” to Deliver Positive Psychology Skills and Promote Well-Being Among Young People After Cancer Treatment: Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial

Background Positive psychology interventions show promise for reducing psychosocial distress associated with health adversity and have the potential to be widely disseminated to young adults through technology. Objective This pilot randomized controlled trial examined the feasibility of delivering positive psychology skills via the Vivibot chatbot and its effects on key psychosocial well-being outcomes in young adults treated for cancer. Methods Young adults (age 18-29 years) were recruited within 5 years of completing active cancer treatment by using the Vivibot chatbot on Facebook messenger. Participants were randomized to either immediate access to Vivibot content (experimental group) or access to only daily emotion ratings and access to full chatbot content after 4 weeks (control). Created using a human-centered design process with young adults treated for cancer, Vivibot content includes 4 weeks of positive psychology skills, daily emotion ratings, video, and other material produced by survivors, and periodic feedback check-ins. All participants were assessed for psychosocial well-being via online surveys at baseline and weeks 2, 4, and 8. Analyses examined chatbot engagement and open-ended feedback on likability and perceived helpfulness and compared experimental and control groups with regard to anxiety and depression symptoms and positive and negative emotion changes between baseline and 4 weeks. To verify the main effects, follow-up analyses compared changes in the main outcomes between 4 and 8 weeks in the control group once participants had access to all chatbot content. Results Data from 45 young adults (36 women; mean age: 25 [SD 2.9]; experimental group: n=25; control group: n=20) were analyzed. Participants in the experimental group spent an average of 74 minutes across an average of 12 active sessions chatting with Vivibot and rated their experience as helpful (mean 2.0/3, SD 0.72) and would recommend it to a friend (mean 6.9/10; SD 2.6). Open-ended feedback noted its nonjudgmental nature as a particular benefit of the chatbot. After 4 weeks, participants in the experimental group reported an average reduction in anxiety of 2.58 standardized t-score units, while the control group reported an increase in anxiety of 0.7 units. A mixed-effects models revealed a trend-level (P=.09) interaction between group and time, with an effect size of 0.41. Those in the experimental group also experienced greater reductions in anxiety when they engaged in more sessions (z=–1.9, P=.06). There were no significant (or trend level) effects by group on changes in depression, positive emotion, or negative emotion. Conclusions The chatbot format provides a useful and acceptable way of delivering positive psychology skills to young adults who have undergone cancer treatment and supports anxiety reduction. Further analysis with a larger sample size is required to confirm this pattern.
Inhalation of Stachybotrys chartarum Fragments Induces Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling.

Stachybotrys chartarum is a fungal contaminant within the built environment and a respiratory health concern in the United States. The objective of this study was to characterize the mechanisms influencing pulmonary immune responses to repeatedly inhaled S. chartarum. Groups of B6C3F1/N mice repeatedly inhaled viable trichothecene-producing S. chartarum conidia (Strain A or Strain B), heat-inactivated conidia, or HEPA-filtered air twice a week for 4 and 13 weeks. Strain A was found to produce higher amounts of respirable fragments compared to Strain B. Lung tissue, serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected at 24 and 48 hours following final exposure and processed for histology, flow cytometry, RNA, and proteomic analyses. At 4 weeks post-exposure, a Th2-mediated response was observed. After 13 weeks, a mixed T-cell response was observed following exposure to Strain A, compared to a Th2-mediated response following Strain B exposure. Following exposure, both strains induced pulmonary arterial remodeling at 13 weeks; however, Strain A-exposed mice progressed more quickly compared to Strain B-exposed mice. BALF was composed primarily of eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages. Both the immune response and the observed pulmonary arterial remodeling were supported by specific cellular, molecular, and proteomic profiles. The immunopathological responses occurred earlier in mice exposed to high fragment-producing Strain A. The rather striking induction of pulmonary remodeling by S. chartarum appears to be related to the presence of fungal fragments during exposure.
The 'scaly-foot gastropod': a new genus and species of hydrothermal vent-endemic gastropod (Neomphalina: Peltospiridae) from the Indian Ocean

The ‘scaly-foot gastropod’ is widely recognized as an iconic species of deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystems in the Indian Ocean. Uniquely among gastropods, this species carries hundreds of dermal sclerites on its foot and these scales can be covered in iron sulphide that also covers its shell, making it the only extant metazoan known to utilize iron sulphide as part of its skeleton. It has not been formally named, despite attracting great attention from both scientists and the general public alike, although a manuscript name has occasionally been used in various sources. The RRS James Cook JC67 expedition in 2011 sampled the biota of the Longqi vent field (37847.027 0 S, 49838.963 0 E), Southwest Indian Ridge, for the first time, revealing a previously unknown population of the ‘scaly-foot gastropod’. The present study gives a formal name to the ‘scaly-foot gastropod’, Chrysomallon squamiferum n. gen., n. sp. with Longqi vent field as the type locality. The erection of the new monotypic genus is supported by both morphological and molecular characterization, differentiating it from existing genera of the family Peltospiridae. Analysis of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene reveals a 24– 26% pairwise distance between Chrysomallon and five other genera of Peltospiridae, while the range among those five genera is 14–25%. The new genus is placed in the family Peltospiridae based on morphological characteristics, including lack of sexual dimorphism, no copulatory organ, the distal end of marginal teeth being subdivided into many denticles and the ventral margin of the gill leaflets carrying a series of bulges. A fivegene Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction does not contradict the placement within Peltospiridae.
The High-Level Mobility Assessment Tool (HiMAT) in Myotonic Dystrophy type 2: A case report

Myotonic Dystrophy type 2 (DM2), or Proximal Myotonic Myopathy (PROMM), is a late-onset inherited and progressive muscular dystrophy with multi-system manifestations [1-5]. The etiology of DM2 is traced to a tetranucleotide (CCTG) repeat expansion located on the CNBP gene resulting in abnormal cardiac and skeletal muscle function [6-9]. Despite having similar features to Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1), DM2 is clinically distinct, originating from a different gene locus [1,2,4,10]. DM2 is characterized by a milder clinical presentation, later onset of symptoms, and more proximal versus distal weakness [4,5,9,11]. Other clinical features include somnolence, weakness, muscle pain and stiffness, cramping and fatigue, which impact quality of life [1,6,8]. Compared to DM1, DM2 is less severe and the exact prevalence is a topic of ongoing study [7-9,12].
Educational Change : reflections on the practice of instructional and transformational leadership

Over the past two decades, debate over the most suitable leadership role for principals has been dominated by two conceptual models: instructional leadership and transformational leadership. This article reviews the conceptual and empirical development of these two leadership models. The author concludes that the suitability or effectiveness of a particular leadership model is linked to factors in the external environment and the local context of a school. Moreover, the paper argues that the definitions of the two models are also evolving in response to the changing needs of schools in the context of global educational reforms.
Autism and empathy: What are the real links?

This month’s editorial continues an occasional theme of myth-busting in the journal, this time focusing on associations between autism and empathy. We argue that this is a fraught area of research where flawed terminology, measurement and theory have all contributed to the mis-characterisation of autistic people as lacking empathy, to severely negative effect.
Biocide Potentiation Using Cinnamic Phytochemicals and Derivatives

Surface disinfection is of utmost importance in the prevention of bacterial infections. This study aims to assess the ability of ten phytochemicals and related derivatives as potentiators of two commonly used biocides—cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and lactic acid (LA). LA in combination with cinnamic, hydrocinnamic, α-methylcinnamic, and α-fluorocinnamic acids had a factional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) ≤ 1 for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Several phytochemicals/derivatives in combination with biocides improved the biocidal efficacy against early sessile bacteria. The most effective combination was LA with allyl cinnamate (2.98 ± 0.76 log CFU·cm−2 reduction) against E. coli. The combination with CTAB was successful for most phytochemicals/derivatives with a maximum bactericidal efficacy against sessile E. coli when combined with allyl cinnamate (2.20 ± 0.07 log CFU·cm−2 reduction) and for S. aureus when combined with α-methylcinnamic acid (1.68 ± 0.30 log CFU·cm−2 reduction). This study highlights the potential of phytochemicals and their derivatives to be used in biocide formulations.
Observations and model simulations of water circulation and transport in Loch Fyne, a Scottish Fjord

A non-linear, two-dimensional laterally-integrated, baroclinic numerical model was applied to investigate the water circulation and transport of pollutants in a Scottish fjord, Loch Fyne. The model was calibrated against current meter, Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), and salinity data collected from November 1994 February 1995, and is shown to reproduce the tidal constituent characteristics, and the main features of the measured current and salinity data. Tidal currents across the sill were found to be dominated by the M2 tide, with little vertical variability in amplitude or phase. The circulation in the upper basin was also strongly tidal, but also exhibited strong fluctuations in response to wind forcing and river runoff. The model was employed to investigate water circulation and transport processes in the loch. Calculations of volume flux through three lateral cross-sections showed that variability in the total transport through the sections was dominated by low-frequency fluctuations in water level. Variance in the transport of buoyancy through the cross-sections, however, was dominated by local wind forcing, with 97% of the variance in buoyancy transport through the mouth of the fjord being related to wind speed and direction. Simulations using a passive tracer to investigate the transport, accumulation and removal of discharged contaminants within the loch are described. Simulations of a continuous source of tracer into the surface layer (where most contaminants are likely to be discharged) showed that at the end of the 94-day simulation, 75.5% of the discharged tracer had been exported from the system. A small proportion of the released tracer, 3.8%, had entered the deep water behind the sill. The remainder was located in the loch waters above sill depth. A follow-on 94-day simulation, with the tracer source switched off, demonstrated the relatively slow exchange of the deeper water behind the sill compared to the water above sill depth. The turnover time for the basin water behind the sill was estimated at 52 days. However, the deepest water in the basin had a turnover time greater than 94 days. Complete advective renewal of the deep water behind the sill did not occur during the observation period. Model results suggest that although water of sufficient density to replace the basin water was often present in the outer fjord, mixing during transit across the sill reduced the density sufficiently to inhibit renewal. Observations and Model Simulations of Water Circulation
Challenges Experienced by Men and Women in Informal Finance Groups in Gachagi Informal Settlement in Thika Sub-County, Kenya

Studies indicate that most people living in the informal settlements are usually poor and financially excluded. As such, they tend to rely on informal finance groups for their financial upkeep. Given that there exist several informal finance groups and for different purposes, this study sought to establish the challenges facing informal finance groups by men and women. The study was conducted in an informal settlement, namely Gachagi in Thika Sub-County, Kenya. The study adopted a qualitative descriptive design, and was guided by behavioral life cycle hypothesis advanced by Thaler (1954). The target population was 20 informal finance groups comprising 10 Rotating Saving and Credit Associations (ROSCAs), 5 welfare/clan groups, 3 Accumulating Savings and Credit Associations (ASCAs) and 2 investment groups. Out of the 20 informal finance groups, a sample size of 11 informal finance groups comprising 5 ROSCAs, 3 welfare/clan groups, 2 ASCAs and 1 investment group were selected forming a sample of 55%. The main respondents of the study were men and women members of the selected informal finance groups including group officials. Key study informants included the Divisional Social Services Officer (DSSO), the Chief and two elders from the informal settlement. Data collection tools were Focus Group Discussion guides for men and women in informal finance groups and interview guides for key informants. Data collected was cross-tabulated for qualitative analysis. Findings indicated that there were challenges which hindered smooth running of informal finance groups and therefore discouraged the participation and the rate of saving among men and women. These included poor governance, low attendance of group meetings, defaulting by members and burdensome gender roles among others.
Diversity of Alticinae (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in Kasnak Oak Forest Nature Reserve, Isparta, Turkey

Different habitat types chosen from Kasnak Oak Forest Nature Reserve (Isparta, Turkey) and 3 plots with vegetation structure, were studied comparatively with Alticinae (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) species composition, its richness and abundance. The study was conducted between the months of April and October at 15-day intervals during 2005 and 2006. Sixty-six sets of data were obtained during the survey, including 22 samplings for each plot. A total of 2650 individuals belonging to 57 species were recorded from the chosen plots. Species richness estimators were used to measure the completeness of the inventories. Values predicted by different non-parametric estimators showed that further sampling effort is needed in the region to assess the actual Alticinae diversity. However, as the species richness of the chosen plots was close to completeness, a superficial comparison could be made in terms of diversity. According to Shannon-Wiener, Simpson and Berger-Parker indices of diversity obtained from 2-year data, forest area dominated by vulcanic oak (VOF) was the most diverse plot followed closely by shrub and meadow lands (SML). Cluster analyses using Jaccard and Bray-Curtis similarity indices revealed a relatively high degree of similarity between Alticinae communities in plots VOF and SML for the whole study period. Similar to species diversity, open areas near roadside (OAR) had lower similarity percentages as compared with the other 2 plots.