Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Colonization and Infection with Antibiotic‐Resistant Bacteria in a Long‐Term Care Facility

OBJECTIVE: To assess colonization and infection with methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), high‐level gentamicin‐resistant enterococci (R‐ENT) and gentamicin and/or ceftriaxone‐resistant Gram‐negative bacilli (R‐GNB) and the factors that are associated with colonization and infection with these organisms.
What do we know about men's help‐seeking and health service use?

Men seek help and use health services less frequently than women do. Men's help‐seeking practices and health service use are complex issues involving biological, psychological and sociological considerations. Most discussion on men's help‐seeking positions them as reluctant consumers or “behaving badly” with respect to their health. Few studies have explored whether health service providers are equipped to deal with men's health issues appropriately. The current health system appears not to be tailored to meet the health needs of men. Better collaboration is required across disciplines, to further investigate men's health using both qualitative and quantitative research methods.
Risperidone and haloperidol in first-episode psychosis: a long-term randomized trial.

OBJECTIVE The first episode of psychotic illness is a key intervention point. The initial experience with medication can affect willingness to accept treatment. Further, relapse prevention is a treatment cornerstone during the first years of illness because active psychotic illness may affect lifetime outcomes. Thus, initial treatment of active symptoms and subsequent relapse prevention are central goals of pharmacotherapy. This study compared long-term effectiveness of risperidone versus haloperidol in first-episode psychosis patients. METHOD First-episode psychosis patients (N=555, mean age=25.4 years) participated in a double-blind, randomized, controlled flexible-dose trial that compared risperidone (mean modal dose=3.3 mg) and haloperidol (mean modal dose=2.9 mg). The median treatment length was 206 days (maximum=1,514). RESULTS Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores and Clinical Global Impression ratings improved significantly relative to baseline, with no significant differences between groups. Three-quarters of the patients achieved initial clinical improvement, defined as >20% reduction in total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score. However, among those who achieved clinical improvement, 42% of the risperidone group experienced a relapse compared with 55% of the haloperidol group. The median time to relapse was 466 days for risperidone-treated subjects and 205 days for those given haloperidol. These differences were statistically significant based on Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Adverse effects distinguished the treatments: there were significantly more extrapyramidal signs and symptoms and adjunctive medication use in the haloperidol group and greater prolactin elevation in the risperidone group. There was less weight gain with haloperidol initially but no significant differences between groups at endpoint. CONCLUSIONS Relatively low doses of antipsychotic drugs lead to significant symptom amelioration in the majority of first-episode psychosis patients. In the long term, risperidone prevents relapse in more patients and for a longer time and also induces less abnormal movements than haloperidol.
Improved survival of gastric cancer with tumour Epstein–Barr virus positivity: an international pooled analysis

Background and objective About 9% of gastric carcinomas have Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in the tumour cells, but it is unclear whether viral presence influences clinical progression. We therefore examined a large multicentre case series for the association of tumour EBV status with survival after gastric cancer diagnosis, accounting for surgical stage and other prognostic factors. Methods We combined individual-level data on 4599 gastric cancer patients diagnosed between 1976 and 2010 from 13 studies in Asia (n=8), Europe (n=3), and Latin America (n=2). EBV positivity of tumours was assessed by in situ hybridisation. Mortality HRs for EBV positivity were estimated by Cox regression models stratified by study, adjusted for distributions of sex (71% male), age (mean 58 years), stage (52% tumour-node-metastasis stages III or IV), tumour histology (49% poorly differentiated, 57% Lauren intestinal-type), anatomic subsite (70% non-cardia) and year of diagnosis. Variations by study and continent were assessed using study-specific HRs for EBV positivity. Results During median 3.0 years follow-up, 49% of patients died. Stage was strongly predictive of mortality, with unadjusted HRs (vs stage I) of 3.1 for stage II, 8.1 for stage III and 13.2 for stage IV. Tumour EBV positivity was 8.2% overall and inversely associated with stage (adjusted OR: 0.79 per unit change). Adjusted for stage and other confounders, EBV positivity was associated with lower mortality (HR, 0.72; 95% CI 0.61 to 0.86), with low heterogeneity among the study populations (p=0.2). The association did not significantly vary across patient or tumour characteristics. There was no significant variation among the three continent-specific HRs (p=0.4). Conclusions Our findings suggest that tumour EBV positivity is an additional prognostic indicator in gastric cancer. Further studies are warranted to identify the mechanisms underlying this protective association.
TNF-α-308 and INF-γ+874 Gene Polymorphisms in Relation to Susceptibility and Severity of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Egyptian patients

To explore the association of TNF-α-308 and IFN- γ +874 genetic polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in Egyptian cases. Participants included 207 cases with type 2 DM, 93 males and 114 females. Their mean age was 57 years. They were compared to a control group of 212 healthy unrelated subjects from the same locality. DNA was amplified using PCR with sequence specific primers for detection of polymorphism related to TNF-α-308 (G/A) and IFN-γ+874 (A/T). The combined homozygote pat tern of TNF-α-308 (AA) and IFN-γ+874 (A/A) was significantly higher in diabetic cases versus controls (p=0.023) that was manifest (although non-significant) among complicated, uncontrolled cases and cases with marked insulin resistance. Polymorphism related to TNF-α-308 AA and IFN-γ+874 AA may be considered as a genetic biomarker for type 2 DM in Egyptian subjects with potential impact on family counseling and management.
The Countercyclical Capital Buffer and the Composition of Bank Lending

Do macroprudential regulations on residential lending influence commercial lending behavior too? To answer this question, we identify the compositional changes in banks' supply of credit using the variation in their holdings of residential mortgages on which extra capital requirements were uniformly imposed by the countercyclical capital buffer (CCB) introduced in Switzerland in 2012. We find that the CCB's introduction led to higher growth in commercial lending, in particular to small firms, although this was unrelated to conditions in regional housing markets. The interest rates and fees charged to these firms concurrently increased. We rationalize these findings in a model featuring both private and firm-specific collateral. The corresponding imperfect substitutability between private and commercial credit for the entrepreneur's relationship bank is then shown to give rise to the compositional patterns we empirically document.
Regenerative repolarization of the frog ventricular action potential: a time and voltage‐dependent phenomenon.

1. The regenerative repolarization process has been examined in frog ventricular myocardium using a single sucrose gap voltage clamp technique. 2. Application of brief (30‐150 msec) anodal voltage clamp pulses during the plateau of the action potential revealed a 'threshold' potential region for immediate repolarization. The response to anodal clamp pulses was not all‐or‐none but was graded. 3. The threshold potential was strongly dependent on the duration of the test voltage clamp pulses and was more negative for shorter clamps. 4. Regenerative repolarization was also observed in the presence of tetrodotoxin. 5. No threshold for immediate repolarization was observed with very short clamps (2‐20 msec in duration). Instead the membrane depolarized upon release of each clamp pulse. 6. Theoretical showed that the de‐ and repolarizations observed after test clamp steps are not due to geometrical properties or inhomogeneous potential distributions. 7. The results suggest that the instantaneous I‐V relation of the membrane during the plateau may be linear.
Outcome of patients activating an unrelated donor search for severe acquired aplastic anemia

Patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) without a sibling donor receive immunosuppressive treatment (IST) with anti‐thymocyte globulin (ATG). In the case of no response to IST, a voluntary unrelated donor (VUD) search is usually started. This study analyzes the outcome of ATG‐refractory SAA patients activating a VUD search. Of 179 patients, 68 had at least one HLA‐A, –B, and –DR matched donor identified and underwent HSCT while 50 also with a donor were not transplanted because of early death (8), late response to IST (34), transplant refusal (1), or other (7). Conversely, 61 had no matched donor, 13 of those ultimately received a mismatched HSCT. All but one received marrow stem cells. Among patients aged <17 years, those with at least one matched donor had a significant higher 4‐year survival as compared to others (79% ± 6% versus 53% ± 10%, P = 0.01). There was also a survival advantage independent of recipient age when the donor search was initiated in the recent 2000–2005 study‐period (74% ± 6% versus 47% ± 10%, P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, the identification of a matched VUD tended to impact favourably on survival in patients with a recent donor search (P = 0.07). This study provides evidence for the use of unrelated donor HSCT in children and adults with IST‐refractory SAA. Am. J. Hematol. 88:868–873, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Effects of Social Capital for the Management of Environment Cleanliness in Adipura Programme

Social capital is a decisive factor in the management of environment cleanliness in Adipura Programme. Tenggarong City in achieving clean city has attempted various strategies, including by considering the community social capital factor. Adipura Award for Tenggarong City is unsustainable, indicating that the role of community social capital is not yet optimized. This research aims to analyse the effects of social capital for the management of environmental cleanliness. The instrument used is the questionnaire. The sampling collection technique uses the simple random sampling method, with the sample of 100 respondents. The analysis instrument used to test the hypotheses is Product Statistics and Service Solution (SPSS) Program version 13.0 for windows. The research result shows that community social capital positively and significantly affects the management of environmental cleanliness. Trust element positively and significantly affects the management of environment cleanliness. Cooperation and social norm elements positively but not significantly affect the management of environment cleanliness. It is recommended to Kutai Kertanegara Government to always optimize the active role of community. Community Social Capital should be used optimally.
A Citation Analysis of the Evolution and State of Information Systems within a Constellation of Reference Disciplines

For the past two decades notions of “cumulative tradition” and “reference disciplines” have been a significant part of the introspective debates on the IS field. We provide an 1 Detmar Straub was the accepting senior editor. This paper was submitted on June 5, 2004, and went through three revisions. 2 We are indebted to Detmar Straub, and three anonymous reviewers for their many insightful comments on earlier drafts of this article. Grover et al./ The Evolution and State of IS Journal of the Association for Information Systems Vol. 7 No. 5, pp. 270-325/ May 2006 271 exploratory test on these notions using sociometric analysis. In doing so, we extend the work of Culnan and Swanson originally carried out about 25 years ago. By using the concept of a “work point” and “reference points” to identify where an IS article is published and the extent to which it draws from or contributes to other disciplines, we can position research in the IS field. First, a quantitative analysis of over 72,600 citations spread across 1406 IS articles in 16 journals over the period 1990-2003 reveals a distinct trend toward a cumulative tradition, a changing mix of reference disciplines, and a two-way relationship between IS and some of the more mature disciplines. Second, post-hoc content analysis provides a glimpse of how IS work is being utilized by other disciplines. Overall, our analysis indicates that IS is taking up a more socio-technical persona, building upon its own knowledge base, and repaying its debts by contributing to other disciplines. We interpret the movement towards building a cumulative tradition, and informing work in other disciplines as positive, as we strive toward being part of an intellectual network and establish centrality in areas that matter to us most.
Secondary immunodeficiency in lymphoproliferative malignancies

Secondary immunodeficiencies occur as a consequence of various diseases, including hematological malignancies, and the use of pharmacological therapies, such as immunosuppressive, anti‐inflammatory, and biological drugs. Infections are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in multiple myeloma (MM) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. Recent advances in treatment have prolonged the duration of remission and the time between relapse phases in MM and CLL patients. However, managing multiple relapses and the use of salvage therapies can lead to cumulative immunosuppression and a higher risk of infections. The pathogenesis of immune deficiency secondary to lymphoproliferative malignancy is multifactorial including disease‐ and treatment‐related factors. Supportive treatment, including early vaccination, anti‐infective prophylaxis, and replacement immunoglobulin, plays a key role in preventing infections in MM and CLL. This article provides an overview of the basic immunology necessary to understand the pathogenesis of secondary immunodeficiency and the infectious complications in MM and CLL. We also discuss the evidence supporting the role of prophylactic replacement immunoglobulin treatment in patients with antibody failure secondary to MM and CLL and the indications for its use. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Auctions with options to re-auction

We examine the role of seller bidding and reserve prices in an infinitely repeated independent-private-value (IPV) ascending-price auction.The seller has a single object that she values at zero.At the end of any auction round, she may either sell to the highest bidder or pass-in the object and hold a new auction next period.New bidders are drawn randomly in each round.The ability to re-auction motivates a notion of reserve price as the option value of retaining the object for re-auctioning.Even in the absence of a mechanism with which to commit to a reserve price, the optimal secret reserve is shown to exceed zero. However, despite the infinite repetition, there may be significant value to the seller from a binding reserve price commitment: the optimal binding reserve is higher than the optimal "secret" reserve, and may be substantially so, even with very patient players.Furthermore, reserve price commitments may even be socially preferable at high discount factors.We also show that the optimal phantom bidding strategy for the seller is revenue-equivalent to a commitment to an optimal public reserve price.
Self‐expression and relationship formation in high relational mobility environments: A study of dual users of American and Japanese social networking sites

This study proposes that self-expression motivation, an aspect of independent/individualistic psychological tendencies, aids in the formation of social relationships when social relationships are open and mobile. In societies characterised by high relational mobility (e.g., North America), which creates market-like competition in social relationships, individuals must express their uniqueness and worthiness to form new social relationships. Self-expression motivation has a relatively weak effect on relationship formation in low relational mobility societies (e.g., Japan), where social relationships are generally predetermined. This hypothesis was examined and supported through a study on dual users of two social networking sites-Facebook and Mixi (the "Facebook of Japan"). As expected, relational mobility was higher on Facebook than on Mixi. Moreover, the association between self-expression motivation and the number of new friends met on Facebook/Mixi was more positive for Facebook than it was for Mixi. The social functionality of independent tendencies is then discussed.
Accuracy of self-reported medicines use compared to pharmaceutical claims data amongst a national sample of older Australian women

This study assessed agreement between two measures of medicine use, self-report by mail and pharmaceutical claims data, for a national sample (N = 4687) of older women aged 79 to84 in2005, from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. Medicines used for common chronic diseases in older people were selected, with pharmaceutical claims data retrieval periods of three and six months. For six month retrieval, Kappa’s ranged between 0.44 (nervous system medicines) and 0.94 (glucose lowering medicines). For three month retrieval, aspirin (Kappa: 0.35) and folic acid (Kappa = 0.48) had lowest agreement. Women were least able to accurately report use of nervous system medicines (sensitivity 80%). Specificity was consistently high across all classes, suggesting women could accurately report using a medicine. Pharmaceutical claims data can assist evaluation of judicious medicines use, changes to availability and uptake of medicines, and track medicine expenditure for chronic conditions. Over-the-counter medicines, medicines not covered by pharmaceutical subsidies and those used on an as needed basis may be best measured by self-report, as use may be underestimated using pharmaceutical claims data.
Teaching software project management using simulations

It is increasingly recognized that project management is an important aspect of the computing curriculum. Since many students do not have project experience, it is important to provide this in conjunction with project management concepts. This paper describes our experiences with various project simulations. In particular, we developed a LEGO® bridge building project to teach students how to measure progress and manage change.
Optimal methods for the preservation of cartilage samples in MRI and correlative biochemical studies

MRI studies of cartilage require the prevention of sample degradation before and during scanning and during shipment for correlative studies. Methods to achieve this include immersion in protease inhibitors (PIs), refrigeration, and freezing. In this study, bovine nasal cartilage (BNC) samples were stored in Dulbecco's phosphate‐buffered saline (DPBS), DPBS with standard PIs, or PI solution with GM6001, a potent metalloproteinase inhibitor. For each buffer, three samples were scanned at +4°C and stored at +4°C or at −20°C with thawing prior to imaging. T2 and magnetization transfer (MT) rate, km, were measured weekly over 4 months, after which time water and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) contents were compared with those of matching tissue excised pre‐storage. Samples in DPBS exhibited increased T2 (+33.6% after 1 month at +4°C, P = 0.040) and decreased km (−20.6%, P = 0.004), while refrigeration in DPBS with PI and GM6001 yielded good stability (T2: +2.7%, P = 0.874; km: −4.2%, P = 0.654 after 108 days at +4°C). Water content increased while GAG content markedly decreased in all samples. Thus, stability in cartilage MRI parameters can be optimized with appropriate storage conditions, but storage time should nonetheless be minimized. Magn Reson Med 57:866–873, 2007. Published 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of egg quality traits among different breeds/strains of chicken locally available in Pakistan.

Appreciated for their versatile nutritive value and functionalproperties, eggs are considered as an important item in human diet. Eggs areone of the most common foods available worldwide as they play an important rolein human diet by providing humans with protein, lipids, minerals and vitaminsin an adequate amount. Chicken breeds differ in physical and biochemicalcontents in terms of eggs and meat yield. The objective of this study was toevaluate the egg quality traits among different breeds/varieties of chickenavailable in Pakistan. For this purpose a total of 105 eggs were collected from7 different breeds/strains of poultry namely, Aseel Lakha, Aseel Mianwali,Aseel Peshawari, Naked neck (Ganji), Fayoumi, Rhode Island Red (RIR) and WhiteLeg Horn (WLH) and used to evaluate the egg quality traits. Statisticalanalysis of data was carried out through one way ANOVA, and comparison of meanswith DMR test (SAS, 9.1). Analysis revealed significant differences amongbreeds in egg weight, egg width, albumen height, yolk height, and Haugh unitwhile non-significant differences in egg length and shape index at (P<0.05).
New Model for Electron Flow for Sulfate Reduction in Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20

ABSTRACT To understand the energy conversion activities of the anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria, it is necessary to identify the components involved in electron flow. The importance of the abundant type I tetraheme cytochrome c 3 (TpIc 3) as an electron carrier during sulfate respiration was questioned by the previous isolation of a null mutation in the gene encoding TpIc 3, cycA, in Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20. Whereas respiratory growth of the CycA mutant with lactate and sulfate was little affected, growth with pyruvate and sulfate was significantly impaired. We have explored the phenotype of the CycA mutant through physiological tests and transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. Data reported here show that electrons from pyruvate oxidation do not reach adenylyl sulfate reductase, the enzyme catalyzing the first redox reaction during sulfate reduction, in the absence of either CycA or the type I cytochrome c 3:menaquinone oxidoreductase transmembrane complex, QrcABCD. In contrast to the wild type, the CycA and QrcA mutants did not grow with H2 or formate and sulfate as the electron acceptor. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of the CycA mutant showed that transcripts and enzymes for the pathway from pyruvate to succinate were strongly decreased in the CycA mutant regardless of the growth mode. Neither the CycA nor the QrcA mutant grew on fumarate alone, consistent with the omics results and a redox regulation of gene expression. We conclude that TpIc 3 and the Qrc complex are D. alaskensis components essential for the transfer of electrons released in the periplasm to reach the cytoplasmic adenylyl sulfate reductase and present a model that may explain the CycA phenotype through confurcation of electrons.