Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experts question usefulness of screening travellers to UK for Ebola

Experts have questioned the effectiveness of the UK government’s announcement that it is going to introduce screening at major UK transport terminals in a bid to intercept travellers with Ebola disease. The government made the announcement to stem fears over the potential spread of the disease in the United Kingdom, after a man in the United States died from the disease and a nurse caring for missionaries with the disease in Spain became infected.1 2 3 The US has also introduced screening at five major airports.4 Enhanced screening will initially be implemented at Heathrow and Gatwick airports and the Eurostar train terminals and will be conducted by medical rather than border force staff, the spokesman added. Only travellers from the three affected countries—Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea—will …
Do you feel what you see? Multimodal perception in virtual reality

This paper discusses how different physically existing materials can be mapped on virtual textures in mixed reality environments by carrying out an explorative user study (n=101). For physical materials-in form of 3d trackable and moveable cubes-acrylic, wood and aluminum have been used. The virtual textures convey the impression of ceramic, fabric, glass, leather, paper, wood, acrylic, quartz, granite and aluminum. The study reveals which virtual textures match well with the different virtual textures and which do not match at all.
A reexamination of the effects of intent and consequence on children's moral judgments.

COSTANZO, PHILIP R. ; COIE, JOHN D. ; GRUMET, JUDY F. ; and FARNILL, DOUGLAS. A Reexamination of the Effects of Intent and Consequence on Children's Moral Judgments. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1973, 44, 154-161. Effects of intent and consequences on the moral judgments of 3 age groups of children (5--11 years) were measured using 4 stories combining positive and negative intentions and consequences. Subjects made their own judgments and attributed judgments to a story figure who had no access to intent information. The use of intention increased linearly with age for judgments of actors producing negative consequences, while all age groups tended to use intent cues for the positive-consequence stories. Social perspective taking, measured by own versus other rating differences, increased with age for both positiveand negative-consequence conditions. Results were compared with the existing literature on moral judgment which has utilized only negative-consequence paradigms. A socialization explanation was advanced for the differential findings on positive and negative consequences. The social perspectivism findings were discussed in terms of the relationship between role taking and moral judgment skills.
Aberrant Activation of TGF‐β in Subchondral Bone at the Onset of Rheumatoid Arthritis Joint Destruction

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that often leads to joint destruction. A myriad of drugs targeting the immune abnormalities and downstream inflammatory cascades have been developed, but the joint destruction is not effectively halted. Here we report that aberrant activation of TGF‐β in the subchondral bone marrow by immune response increases osteoprogenitors and uncoupled bone resorption and formation in RA mouse/rat models. Importantly, either systemic or local blockade of TGF‐β activity in the subchondral bone attenuated articular cartilage degeneration in RA. Moreover, conditional deletion of TGF‐β receptor II (Tgfbr2) in nestin‐positive cells also effectively halted progression of RA joint destruction. Our data demonstrate that aberrant activation of TGF‐β in the subchondral bone is involved at the onset of RA joint cartilage degeneration. Thus, modulation of subchondral bone TGF‐β activity could be a potential therapy for RA joint destruction. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Functional Homology among Human and Fission Yeast Cdc14 Phosphatases*

Budding and fission yeast Cdc14 homologues, a conserved family of serine-threonine phosphatases, play a role in the inactivation of mitotic cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) by molecularly distinct mechanisms. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc14 protein phosphatase inactivates CDKs by promoting mitotic cyclin degradation and the accumulation of a CDK inhibitor to allow budding yeast cells to exit from mitosis. Schizosaccharomyces pombe Flp1 phosphatase down-regulates CDK/cyclin activity, controlling the degradation of the Cdc25 tyrosine phosphatase for fission yeast cells to undergo cytokinesis. In the present work, we show that human Cdc14 homologues (hCdc14A and hCdc14B) rescued flp1-deficient fission yeast strains, indicating functional homology. We also show that hCdc14A and B interacted in vivo with S. pombe Cdc25 and that hCdc14A dephosphorylated this mitotic inducer both in vitro and in vivo. Our results support a Cdc14 conserved inhibitory mechanism acting on S. pombe Cdc25 protein and suggest that human cells may regulate Cdc25 in a similar manner to inactivate Cdk1-mitotic cyclin complexes.
Examining Complexity across Domains: Relating Subjective and Objective Measures of Affective Environmental Scenes, Paintings and Music

Subjective complexity has been found to be related to hedonic measures of preference, pleasantness and beauty, but there is no consensus about the nature of this relationship in the visual and musical domains. Moreover, the affective content of stimuli has been largely neglected so far in the study of complexity but is crucial in many everyday contexts and in aesthetic experiences. We thus propose a cross-domain approach that acknowledges the multidimensional nature of complexity and that uses a wide range of objective complexity measures combined with subjective ratings. In four experiments, we employed pictures of affective environmental scenes, representational paintings, and Romantic solo and chamber music excerpts. Stimuli were pre-selected to vary in emotional content (pleasantness and arousal) and complexity (low versus high number of elements). For each set of stimuli, in a between-subjects design, ratings of familiarity, complexity, pleasantness and arousal were obtained for a presentation time of 25 s from 152 participants. In line with Berlyne’s collative-motivation model, statistical analyses controlling for familiarity revealed a positive relationship between subjective complexity and arousal, and the highest correlations were observed for musical stimuli. Evidence for a mediating role of arousal in the complexity-pleasantness relationship was demonstrated in all experiments, but was only significant for females with regard to music. The direction and strength of the linear relationship between complexity and pleasantness depended on the stimulus type and gender. For environmental scenes, the root mean square contrast measures and measures of compressed file size correlated best with subjective complexity, whereas only edge detection based on phase congruency yielded equivalent results for representational paintings. Measures of compressed file size and event density also showed positive correlations with complexity and arousal in music, which is relevant for the discussion on which aspects of complexity are domain-specific and which are domain-general.
Lymphopenia and treatment-related infectious complications in ANCA-associated vasculitis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is treated with potent immunosuppressive regimens. This study sought to determine risk factors associated with infections during first-intention therapy. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS This retrospective study involved two separate cohorts of consecutive cases of AAV seen from 2004 to 2011 at two university hospitals. The following were assessed: vasculitis severity; therapy; and periods with no, moderate (lymphocyte count, 0.3-1.0× 10(9)/L), or severe (lymphocyte count ≤ 0.3×10(9)/L) lymphopenia and neutropenia (neutrophil count ≤ 1.5×10(9)/L). RESULTS One hundred patients had a mean age of 57±15 years and a Birmingham vasculitis activity score of 7.7±3.6. Therapy consisted of pulse methylprednisolone (59%), cyclophosphamide (85%), methotrexate (6%), and plasmapheresis (25%) in addition to oral corticosteroids. During follow-up, 53% of patients experienced infection and 28% were hospitalized for infection (severe infection). Only 18% experienced neutropenia, but 72% and 36% presented moderate and severe lymphopenia for a total duration of <0.1%, 73%, and 8% of the treatment follow-up, respectively. Lower initial estimated GFR, longer duration of corticosteroid use, and presence of lymphopenia were risk factors of infections. The rate was 2.23 events/person-year in the presence of severe lymphopenia compared with 0.41 and 0.19 during periods with moderate or no lymphopenia (P<0.001). Similarly, the rate of severe infections was 1.00 event/person-year with severe lymphopenia and 0.08 and 0.10 with moderate and no lymphopenia (P<0.001). This association remained independent of other risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Lymphopenia is frequent during the treatment of AAV, and its severity is associated with the risk of infectious complications.
Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.

In 1912, Hashimoto described four women in whom the thyroid gland was enlarged and appeared to have been transformed into lymphoid tissue (“struma lymphomatosa”). 1 Although the patients were not initially hypothyroid, they became so after thyroid surgery. Over 40 years later, the presence of antithyroid antibodies was reported in patients with this disorder.2 Hashimoto's disease, or Hashimoto's thyroiditis, is now recognized as a form of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. There is no internationally accepted classification of autoimmune thyroid diseases.3 Some investigators consider autoimmune thyroiditis a histologic diagnosis that can be subdivided into lymphocytic thyroiditis, if only lymphocytic infiltration is present, and .
Conhecimento das pessoas diabéticas acerca dos cuidados com os pés

O Diabetes Mellitus (DM) vem se destacando como um importante problema de Saude Publica. A Declaracao das Americas considera o diabetes como uma pandemia e estima que ate o ano de 2010, o numero de casos nas Americas crescera para 45 milhoes, levando em conta o envelhecimento demografico da populacao. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar o conhecimento dos diabeticos sobre os cuidados com os pes,atendidos em uma Unidade Ambulatorial de um Hospital Universitario do interior do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, cuja populacao foi composta por 100 pacientes de uma amostra nao probabilistica e que seguiram a criterios de inclusao. Das 100 pessoas entrevistadas, 44% sao do sexo masculino e 56% do feminino, a idade media foi de aproximadamente 43,5 anos, quanto ao estado civil 63% eram casados; 88% da raca branca; em relacao a escolaridade 48% tinham o ensino fundamental incompleto; 61% eram diabeticos do tipo 2 seguidos de 38% com diabetes tipo 1; 52% desconheciam sobre o diabetes; com relacao ao tabagismo 9% eram fumantes seguidos de 28% ex-fumantes, 11% eram etilistas; 49% nao tinham informacao sobre as complicacoes e 53% desconheciam as complicacoes em extremidades inferiores. Observouse ainda que 41% apresentavam complicacoes microvasculares; 59% dos pacientes relataram hipertensao arterial, 47% eram sedentarios; 30% andavam descalco; 16% tinham calos nos pes; 16% ja tiveram feridas nos pes; 5% possuiam feridas; 50% relataram diminuicao na sensibilidade dos pes e 5% tinham amputacao de extremidades inferiores. Conclui-se que a maioria dos pacientes diabeticos nao possuia conhecimento acerca da doenca e, principalmente, dos cuidados com os pes, e foram observadas praticas que colocam em risco as extremidades inferiores, portanto, se faz necessario a orientacao continua a essas pessoas a fim de minimizar os possiveis comprometimentos vasculares, que possam culminar em perda das extremidades inferiores.
Can Enforced Behavioral Activity in Spinal Cord Injured Rats be considered asRehabilitation Process to Accentuate Tacrolimus Treated Recovery? A nursingCare Perspective

Animal models for spinal cord injury (SCI) help in developing effective treatment modalities. The aim of the present study is to develop suitable rehabilitative intervention besides therapeutical agents for a better functional recovery. Furthermore, this research intends to bring awareness among the nurses for caring SCI patients and utilizing their passion of caring abilities in nursing research also. Young adult male rats were subjected to spinal trauma by compression method of the exposed spinal cord. Animals were allocated to five groups with eight animals in each, viz. Group 1 as normal uninjured control; group 2 as sham control with laminectomy but no spinal injury; group 3 as SCI group with laminectomy and spinal injury; group 4 as SCI treated group A that were same as group 3 but were treated with a daily injection of Tacrolimus (1 mg/kg) for 29 days and subjected to BBB behavioral test in which the hind limb function was scored from 0 (complete paralysis or paraplegia) to 21 (complete mobility), every alternate days in a “Gait Performance Tunnel” (GPT); group 5 as SCI treated group B that were same as group 4 except that the animals were also subjected to a daily enforced extra 5 walks as exercise in GPT. Although the drug had an attenuating effect on SCI in both treated groups A and B the recovery in Group-B was significantly (p<0.001) greater than Group-A. It is concluded that if the SCI animals are subjected to enforced daily behavioral exercises in addition to drug treatment, it can improve functional recovery at a faster rate and can be considered as a rehabilitative activity to accentuate therapeutic treatments. Furthermore, the present study can be a source of inspiration for the nurses to develop their nursing skills and research abilities.
Graph Metrics of Structural Brain Networks in Individuals with Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls: Group Differences, Relationships with Intelligence, and Genetics

Abstract Objectives: One of the most prominent features of schizophrenia is relatively lower general cognitive ability (GCA). An emerging approach to understanding the roots of variation in GCA relies on network properties of the brain. In this multi-center study, we determined global characteristics of brain networks using graph theory and related these to GCA in healthy controls and individuals with schizophrenia. Methods: Participants (N=116 controls, 80 patients with schizophrenia) were recruited from four sites. GCA was represented by the first principal component of a large battery of neurocognitive tests. Graph metrics were derived from diffusion-weighted imaging. Results: The global metrics of longer characteristic path length and reduced overall connectivity predicted lower GCA across groups, and group differences were noted for both variables. Measures of clustering, efficiency, and modularity did not differ across groups or predict GCA. Follow-up analyses investigated three topological types of connectivity—connections among high degree “rich club” nodes, “feeder” connections to these rich club nodes, and “local” connections not involving the rich club. Rich club and local connectivity predicted performance across groups. In a subsample (N=101 controls, 56 patients), a genetic measure reflecting mutation load, based on rare copy number deletions, was associated with longer characteristic path length. Conclusions: Results highlight the importance of characteristic path lengths and rich club connectivity for GCA and provide no evidence for group differences in the relationships between graph metrics and GCA. (JINS, 2016, 22, 240–249)
Development of a hug request motion model during active approach to human

In human face-to-face communication, embodied sharing using the synchrony of embodied rhythms is promoted by embodied interactions. Therefore, embodied interactions are important for smoothly initiating coexistence and communication. When there is embodied interactions with direct contact, it plays to synchronize embodied rhythms effectively. Hug behavior is one of the types of embodied interactions that involve direct contact. In this type interactions, humans whole-body contact with each other. In the case of interaction between a human and a robot, robot synchronizes embodied rhythms effectively using hug behaviors. Furthermore, embodied interactions are expected to be promoted by hug behaviors, in which robot actively approaches and requests to the human. Therefore, in this paper, we develop a hug request motion model of robot during active approach to human. At first, mutual hug behaviors between humans are analyzed in an environment with a voice greeting. Then, on the basis of this analysis results, a hug request motion model during active approach to human is developed. This model generates a hug behavior in which a robot active approaches and requests a hug behavior to a human. In addition, we developed a hug robot system that uses the developed hug request motion model. Using this robot system, the effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated by a sensory evaluation.
Extra-relational sex among Hispanic women and their condom-related behaviours and attitudes

Limited data are available concerning sexual behaviour of Hispanic women. A total of 318 Hispanic women were surveyed concerning extra-relational sex and their condom-related attitudes. Fifteen per cent of the sample had a secondary sex partner (apart from the first partner) during the three months preceding the survey. Of these women, 77 and 53% used condoms with their secondary and primary partners, respectively. Among women in monogamous relationships, condom use was low (17%), and nearly two-thirds (61%) of those with a high-risk partner did not use condoms. The most common concerns about condom use among these Hispanic women were a reduction in pleasurable sensations and embarrassment associated with buying condoms. Women with concurrent partners as compared to those with a single partner felt more at risk for HIV and STDs, were less likely to believe condoms have side effects or are unacceptable to their male partners and were more able to use condoms in long-term relations. In conclusion, extra-relational sex among Hispanic women may be higher than previously reported, although more favourable attitudes to condom use are seen among women with concurrent than those with a single partner. HIV/STD programmes in the Hispanic community should tailor to the sexual behaviour of their participants.
Central Intermittency Twenty Years Later *

In a few days, it will be exactly 20 years since Kenneth Craik, Fellow of St. John’s College, Cambridge, and first Director of the Medical Research Council’s Applied Psychology Research Unit, was killed in a street accident, at the age of 31. During the 8 years he had spent in Cambridge, he had offered the most striking example of what a man of exceptional ability can achieve when placed in an esceptional environment. Sir Frederic Bartlett, who knew him in the way that only close co-operation in a common effort can provide, has given us an outstanding picture of his indomitable energy, of his healthy appetite for knowledge, of his mechanical inventiveness paired with the passion for fundamental iSsues (Bartlett, 1946). The men of my generation can only watch the influence he has had, not only through his few published writings, but also through the direct impetus he gave to Cambridge research, both applied and fundamental, on human skill. The objective of this lecture will be to examine the developments up to now of one of the most influential ideas launched by Craik, the idea of intermittency in human sensory-motor activity. This hypothesis was developed in two short papers, intended presumably for limited circulation and discussion rather than for publication, which Craik had written in March and April, 1945, and which were published posthumously under the title “Theory of the human operator in control systems” (Craik, 1947, 1948). The papers were concerned mainly with tracking performance on which a part of the applied work done by Craik and his associates during the war had been concentrated. A feature which is common to many practical activities such as driving a vehicle, or aiming with a rifle or a gun at a moving object, is that the function of the operator is constantly to minimize the discrepancy between a target and the part of the situation he controls-the pointer-while an external factor causes either the target or the pointer to move, and so tends to increase the discrepancy. A number of laboratory tasks presenting the same characteristics are available. The early versions used by Craik consisted of a smoked drum kymograph, with a line of which the subject saw only a limited portion through a slit in a screen, and a pointer which he had to keep on the line while this was passing behind the slit. Craik was applying to this situation concepts derived from the theory of servomechanisms. His main thesis was that man behaves basically as a n intermittent correction servo. This means that, even when the changes in the course are continuous, corrections are made at discrete intervals only. It is opposite to a continuous servo, which at each moment adjusts its response as a function of the discrepancy observed a finite time interval (called the time-lag) before.
Forecasting Exchange Rates: A Robust Regression Approach

The least squares estimation method as well as other ordinary estimation method for regression models can be severely affected by a small number of outliers, thus providing poor out-of-sample forecasts. This paper suggests a robust regression approach,based on the S-estimation method, to construct forecasting models that are less sensitive to data contamination by outliers. A robust linear autoregressive (RAR) and a robust neural network (RNN) models are estimated to study the predictability of twoexchange rates at the 1-, 3- and 6-month horizon. We compare the predictive ability of the robust models to those of the random walk (RW), the standard linear autoregressive (AR) and neural networks (NN) models in terms of forecast accuracy and sign predictability measures. We find that robust models tend to improve the forecasting accuracy of the AR and of theNNat all time horizons, and even of the RWfor forecasts carried out at the 1-month horizon. Robust models are also shown to have significantmarket timing ability at all forecast horizons.
Comparison of the Coagulant Activities of Platelets and Phospholipids

The coagulant activities of various phospholipid preparations were compared with those of platelets. Folch phospholipid with maximal platelet factor 3 (PF3) activity produced long recalcified clotting times of relatively undiluted plasma in plastic tubes whereas untreated or ADP‐treated platelets with minimal PF3 activity produced short clotting times in the same test system which is sensitive to activators of the contact system of intrinsic coagulation. Bell and Alton phospholipids with maximal PF3 activity produced recalcified clotting times similar to those in the presence of platelets. Bell and Alton phospholipids had tissue factor activity, but Folch phospholipid and platelets did not. Bell and Alton phospholipids and gum acacia (used as a vehicle in one of the preparations) activated factor XII as did platelets, but Folch phospholipid did not. The multiple coagulant activies of Bell and Alton phospholipids (i.e. PF3, tissue factor and contact activating) may account for the absence of coagulant superiority of platelets in the undiluted system in plastic tubes. The coagulant activities of platelets are also complex but different from Bell and Alton phospholipids whereas Folch phospholipid would appear to possess only PF3 activity.