Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Artikel DEVELOPING CREATIVITY AND ENTREPRENEURIAL VALUES IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT THROUGH PROJECT BASED LEARNING MODEL ON BIOTECHNOLOGY

This research focused on determining the influence of project-based learning model oriented to bioentrepreneurship for XII grade student’s creativity and entrepreneurial values on conventional biotechnology sub topic. This research used quasi experimental method and the posttest only control group design. The sample was XII science 2 as experimental class and XII science 1 as control class chosen by random sampling. The data collected by using creative thinking ability test, creative product valuation rubric, observation sheet and entrepreneurial values questionnaire. The hypothesis analysed by using t-test which obtained the significance of creative products was 0,000 < 0,05 and the creative thinking ability was 0,001 < 0,05, so it would be concluded that project-based learning model oriented to bioentrepreneurship effected on student creativity. As for the significance of entrepreneurial values from the observation sheet was 0,000 < 0,05 and the questionnaire was 0,019 < 0,05, so it would be concluded that project-based learning model oriented to bioentrepreneurship effected on student’s entrepreneurial values. Correlation analysis concluded that there was a correlation between them, with the value of correlation coefficient was 0,195. The result of linear regression test showed that creativity contributed about 3% to student’s entrepreneurial values.
ONE STEP AT A TIME : DOES GRADUALISM LEAD TO COORDINATION ?

We study how gradualism -increasing required levels (“thresholds”) of contributions slowly over time rather than requiring a high level of contribution immediately -affects individuals’ decisions to contribute to a public project. Using a laboratory binary choice minimum-effort coordination game, we randomly assign participants to three treatments: starting and continuing at a high threshold, starting at a low threshold but jumping to a high threshold after a few periods, and starting at a low threshold and gradually increasing the threshold over time (the “gradualism” treatment). We find that individuals coordinate most successfully at the high threshold in the gradualism treatment relative to the other two groups. We propose a theory based on belief updating to explain why gradualism works. We also discuss alternative explanations such as reinforcement learning, conditional cooperation, inertia, preference for consistency, and limited attention. Our findings point to a simple, voluntary mechanism to promote successful coordination when the capacity to impose sanctions is limited. JEL Classifications: C91; C92; D03; D71; D81; H41
How consumption , communication and network position propel the transition from product user to entrepreneur : An empirical analysis of a technology platform for music apps

Despite increasing interest in technological platforms as innovation ecosystems, existing research offers little predictive insight into how firms can identify users who are likely to become successful third-party providers. In our analysis, we combine (a) the complete sales history of all applications related to a technological platform and (b) the complete history of communications in all user and developer communities related to the platform. We employ logistic, extended Cox, and Poisson regression models, combined with social network analysis. We show that the prior network positions of users, their prior communication histories, and their prior user experiences from consumption can jointly predict the transition from user to third-party developer (i.e. indicating entrepreneurial intention), the launch of a first platform application (i.e. entrepreneurial action) and the sales of the application (i.e. entrepreneurial success). Our study contributes to the literature in strategic management on the dynamics of innovation on technological platforms, explicitly linking the production and consumption sides of the two-sided market. It also adds to the entrepreneurship literature by showing how the entrepreneurial process manifests itself in the context of technological platforms.
Sperm head abnormalities are more frequent in songbirds with more helical sperm: A possible trade‐off in sperm evolution

Sperm morphology varies enormously across the animal kingdom. Whilst knowledge of the factors that drive the evolution of interspecific variation in sperm morphology is accumulating, we currently have little understanding of factors that may constrain evolutionary change in sperm traits. We investigated whether susceptibility to sperm abnormalities could represent such a constraint in songbirds, a group characterized by a distinctive helical sperm head shape. Specifically, using 36 songbird species and data from light and scanning electron microscopy, we examined among‐species correlations between the occurrence of sperm head abnormalities and sperm morphology, as well as the correlation between sperm head abnormalities and two indicators of sperm competition. We found that species with more helically shaped sperm heads (i.e., a wider helical membrane and more pronounced cell waveform) had a higher percentage of abnormal sperm heads than species with less helical sperm (i.e., relatively straight sperm) and that sperm head traits were better predictors of head abnormalities than total sperm length. In contrast, there was no correlation between sperm abnormalities and the level of sperm competition. Given that songbird species with more pronounced helical sperm have higher average sperm swimming speed, our results suggest an evolutionary trade‐off between sperm performance and the structural integrity of the sperm head. As such, susceptibility to morphological abnormalities may constrain the evolution of helical sperm morphology in songbirds.
QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPLEMENTARY FOODS FORMULATED FROM SORGHUM, AFRICAN YAM BEAN AND CRAYFISH FLOURS

Low-cost, nutritive and ready-to-eat complementary foods formulated from blends of sorghum, African yam bean and crayfish flour were evaluated for proximate, vitamin and pasting properties. The protein, ash, fat and crude fibre contents of the samples increased significantly (p<0.05) with increase in substitution with African yam bean and crayfish flours from 13.56±0.29–23.88±0.82%, 2.77±0.02-3.67±0.02%, 1.85±0.013. 64±0.01% and 1.46±0.06-2.15±0.02%, respectively, while the carbohydrate and energy contents decreased. The control sample without substitution with African yam bean and crayfish flours (100% malted sorghum flour) had the highest carbohydrate (72.36±0.21%) and energy (364.33±0.35KJ/100g) contents. The vitamin content of the samples showed that the ascorbic acid, niacin, thiamine, vitamin A and folic acid contents of the blends increased with increase in substitution with African yam bean and crayfish flours from 1.27+0.02–2.66+0.06mg/100g, 0.64+0.00– 0.88+0.00mg/100g, 0.36+0.00 – 0.53+0.00mg/100g,2.54+0.08– 4.15+0.04mg/100g and 0.24+0.01–0.36+0.03mg/100g, respectively, while the riboflavin content decreased. The control sample had the highest riboflavin (3.17±0.02mg/100g) content. The pasting properties of the samples showed that the control had the highest values for final, breakdown and setback viscosities as well as peak time and pasting temperature, respectively compared to the formulated samples. The sample substituted with 30% African yam bean and 20% crayfish flours recorded the highest values for peak viscosity (113.77RVA) and trough (57.42RVA), respectively. However, the study showed that the nutrient contents and pasting properties of sorghum-based complementary foods could be drastically improved by supplementing sorghum flour with African yam bean and crayfish flours in the preparation of home-made nutrient dense complementary foods that would be used for feeding of infants and young children during complementary feeding period in Nigeria and other developing countries of the world.
Assessment of imiquimod use as a topical anti-aging agent

Introduction: Photoaging results from the action of external agents, the main being ultraviolet radiation. It is clinically characterized by yellowish skin with irregular pigmentation, presence of wrinkles, atrophy, telangiectasias, decreased elasticity, and premalignant and malignant lesions. It corresponds to one of the most common dermatological complaints, requiring that dermatologist physicians keep up-to-date regarding treatments. Objective: To evaluate the effect of imiquimod in the treatment of photoaging. Methods: A prospective intervention study was carried out involving 12 female patients. The response was clinically assessed by the patient and examiner physician, and in light of histological parameters. Results: Six of the 12 patients, experienced side effects – three of which dropped out of the study. Of the 9 patients who completed the treatment, 8 perceived an overall improvement in the appearance of the skin. The examiner physician could observe improvement in 8 patients – slight in 6, and significant in 2 of them. Regarding histological aspects, there were decreases in solar elastosis (4 patients), melanin amount (5 patients) and fibrosis (4 patients). Conclusions: Imiquimod can be an option for the treatment of photoaging, and should be evaluated in subsequent, controlled studies with larger samples.
Left / Right Polarity in Gestures and Politics . The Multimodal Behavior of Political Actors in TV Debates

In this article we investigate how political actors involved in TV debates during the 2009 and 2014 presidential elections in Romania manage the relationship between handedness (left/right polarity in hand gestures) and political orientation (left/right polarity in politics),. For this purpose we developed a multimodal analysis for some relevant sequences during these debates. The practice of integrating the meanings of different semiotic resources allows a better understanding of the meaning of verbal discourse, actions and behavior of political actors involved in a particular communication situation. In addition, the Multimodal Professional Analysis Tool, ELAN, allows the annotation and dynamic analysis of the semiotic behavior of the political actors involved in the analyzed sequences.
Is breathing our polluted air a risk factor for stroke?

The conference “Climate change, air pollution and health” was held at the Pontifical Academy of Sciences. The data presented highlighted that air pollution is a major, under-recognized and modifiable risk factor for stroke and heart disease. Air pollution causes 7.6% of all deaths making it the fifth cause of death globally, and this figure is expected to increase by 50% by 2050. Particulate matter causes endothelial dysfunction and induces thrombosis by altering reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, insulin resistance, and lipid levels. Thirty-three articles published since 2002 were reviewed to assess the relation between air pollution and stroke with age, geographical location, particulate and gaseous matter type, duration of exposure, previous stroke, and comorbidities. It remains to be defined if air pollution has pathophysiological effects that preferentially predispose individuals to ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. There is ample evidence showing an association between acute and chronic exposure to PM2.5 or gaseous pollutants with stroke. This potentially avoidable scenario and its dramatic consequences are heavily under-recognized by health professionals and the wider public. Preventive measures in people at high vascular risk are warranted. Procrastination in implementing efforts to stop the current worldwide course of worsening air pollution is the seed of a potential global health catastrophe.
A biodegradation and treatment of palm oil mill effluent ( POME ) using a hybrid up-flow anaerobic sludge bed ( HUASB ) reactor

Generally, anaerobic treatment has become a viable alternative in support of industrial wastewater treatment. Particularly, it is used in common to treat the palm oil mill effluent (POME). This study was carried out to assess the start-up performance of a bioreactor hybrid up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (HUASB). Whereby, three identical reactors of 7.85-l capacity R1, R2, and R3 were operated for 57 days in order to provide two alienated comparisons. Identical operation conditions of organic loading rate (OLR) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1.85 kg.m. day, and 2.6 day, respectively. R1 was operated in room temperature of 28±2°C, and packed with palm oil shell as filter medium support. R2 was set with room temperature but packed with course gravel. R3 was provided with water bath system to adjust its temperature at 37±1°C mesophilic, while its filter material had to be palm oil shell. During the whole operation period R3 was more efficient for organic materials, where a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 82% was registered, while R1 and R2 were relatively less efficient of 78%, and 76%, respectively. Furthermore, TSS removal of R3 was also higher than R1, and R2 as registered 80%, 77% and 76%, respectively. On the other hand, turbidity and colour removal were not efficient and needed a post treatment. The seeded sludge was developed in each reactor as illustrated in this paper. Therefore, all reactors show favorable performance of anaerobic treatability of POME as well as good response of microbial species development. Copyright © 2011 International Energy and Environment Foundation All rights reserved.
A comparison of the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea

Introduction: Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) have been commonly used in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea in East Asia. Several systematic reviews have been conducted to assess the clinical efficacy of CHM in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. However, their comparative efficacy is still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to conduct a network meta-analysis (NMA) to systematically compare the advantages of different CHM in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Methods and analysis: The following electronic databases will be searched in this study: Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Wan-fang Database. Search terms include (Chinese herbal medicine or Chinese patent medicine or medicinal plants or phytotherapy or traditional medicine or Chinese herbal drugs or plant extracts or herbal medicine or herbal extract or herb or traditional Chinese medicine) and (primary dysmenorrhea or dysmenorrhea or painful menstruation) and (randomized controlled trial). The language will be limited to Chinese and English, and the search date will be up to May 2019. The included studies must be randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with patients diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea. CHM must be used as interventions in the experimental group. While in the control group, studies that used a different herbal medicine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or placebo will be included. The primary outcomes include clinical efficacy and visual analog scale (VAS), and the secondary outcomes include adverse events and quality of life. Four reviewers will independently extract the data and assess the qualities of the studies. Statistical analysis will be conducted with R package for each outcome. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required as this NMA is based on published studies. The completed NMA will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. Trial registration number: PROSPERO CRD42018095254.
Integrating the Front End of Process Development : An Exploratory Investigation

Process development is the link between inventions and full scale production. While the start of new product development has been researched extensively and is often referred to as the 'fuzzy' front end, only few studies have investigated the beginning of process development. The objective of this paper is to investigate how the front end of process development integrates with new product development. Drawing on in-depth interviews in the biotechnology industry, in a first step we break down the tasks and organizational settings at the beginning of process development. Following these results, we provide a conceptual framework about the interdependencies between product development and process development. Subsequently, uncertainties with respect to development stage, socio-psychological distance and multiple project environments are discussed in view of a holistic optimization of the transition from product development to process development. Finally, quantitative as well as qualitative results indicate that consistent development platforms are a beneficial medium for successful integration of process development, while rather mixed results are found for personnel integration, such as cross-functional teams.
Ironic and Reinvestment Effects in Baseball

Are pressure-induced performance errors in experts associated with novice-like skill execution (as predicted by reinvestment/conscious processing theories) or expert execution towards a result that the performer typically intends to avoid (as predicted by ironic processes theory)? The present study directly compared these predictions using a baseball pitching task with two groups of experienced pitchers. One group was shown only their target while the other was shown the target and an ironic (avoid) zone. Both groups demonstrated significantly fewer target hits under pressure. For the target-only group, this was accompanied by significant changes in expertise-related kinematics variables. In the ironic group, the number of pitches thrown in the ironic zone was significantly higher under pressure and there were no significant changes in kinematics. These results suggest that information about an opponent can influence the mechanisms underlying pressure-induced performance errors.
COMPARING THE WORKAHOLISM LEVEL OF MANAGERS AND NON-MANAGERS

The purpose of this research is to compare the workaholism level of managers and non-managers. N= 283 employees working in several sectors participated in the research. 85 participants reported that they hold a managerial position in the organization, whereas 194 employees reported that they did not have a managerial position in the organization, and 4 participants didn’t report their position in the organization. Workaholism was measured by the Turkish version (Doğan & Tel, 2010) of DUWAS workaholism scale developed by Schaufeli, Taris, and Bakker (2009). In order to compare the workaholism levels of the participants, the Independent Samples T Test and Hedges’ g Test were performed. Both the T Test and Hedges’ g Test findings indicated that employees who have a managerial position have higher workaholism level than those who do not. Also managers working in the private sector scored higher in workaholism than the managers who work in public organizations. Working hours per week were found to be higher in private sector. Results were discussed and suggestions were made for further research.
Tilburg University Measuring onthe-job learning styles

More insight into on-the-job learning styles has great theoretical and practical importance. Knowledge about their own and other possible on-the-job learning styles will offer employees opportunities to improve their choices in learning behaviour, it will improve communication and collaboration between team members, and offer opportunities to receive specific guidance by human resource professionals or managers. Many researchers and human resource professionals are well aware of these advantages and use various instruments to measure on-the-job learning styles. Furthermore, a large number of studies about on-the-job learning have learning styles as a significant aspect of their investigations. However, in our view, the measurements used are not well suited for their purpose. The problem is that only a few psychometrically validated instruments are available. However, most of these are not specifically geared to work situations. As a result, many people use various questionnaires that measure learning styles in formal learning situations only. For example, Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory (1976, 1985), Honey and Mumford’s Learning Style Questionnaire (1986, 1989), and Allinson and Hayes’ Cognitive Style Index (1996) are widely used to measure on-the-job learning styles. These questionnaires have been strongly criticised, in particular when used to measure learning styles on the job. Even though some of the learning styles measured by these instruments are also found in work contexts, supplements and adaptations are needed to use these instruments adequately in on-the-job learning situations. Consequently, there is a pressing need for new, well examined, and validated instruments for measuring on-the-job learning styles, since the existing instruments do not fill this need. Three major recommendations can be made to accomplish this. Standardised items should be used in several specific work-based learning contexts. Furthermore, caution should be exercised in using the term ‘learning’ in the items, since this term does not make people think about on-the-job learning. Finally, the instrument should measure not only the dominant characteristics of someone’s learning style, but also the broadness of the learning repertoire, that is, a person’s flexibility in using learning strategies.
Greater Innovation by the Crowd in Crowdsourcing : The Sequencing of Knowledge Types That Balance Divergence and Convergence Ann Majchrzak

This research focuses on an organizational form collaborative crowdsourcing for innovation in which the public is asked to collaboratively solve, online, an organizational problem in innovative ways over a reasonably short period of time (i.e., days or weeks). Using the lens of creative synthesis (Harvey 2014), the research seeks to address the question of how sequences of knowledge contributions independently offered by different participants affect the emergence of innovative solutions. Through an analysis of time-stamped contributions made in seven collaborative crowdsourcing events, the findings show that certain exemplar sequences have a positive impact on the emergence of innovative solutions in the crowd. On the other hand, some other sequences can negatively impact the emergence of innovative solutions. Specifically, the findings show that the emergence of innovative solutions are more likely after sequences from different contributors in which: 1) one contributor offers an early idea seed after others offer problem facts and analogies (rather than the inverse in which idea seeds followed by problem facts and analogies), and 2) one contributor describes a paradox which is followed by others adding more problem facts (rather than the inverse in which paradoxes are posted after facts). Additionally, innovative solutions are more likely to emerge subsequent to a single contribution of a paradox. However, multiple paradoxes raised sequentially dampen the likelihood of an innovative solution emerging. We draw implications for future research on open innovation structures (like crowdsourcing) and also for the group creativity and innovation team literature.