Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 2.4 mA Quiescent Current, 1 W Output Power Class-D Audio Amplifier With Feed-Forward PWM-Intermodulated-Distortion Reduction

This work proposes a feed-forward PWM-intermodulated-distortion reduction (FFPIDR) technique for closed-loop class-D audio amplifiers. The proposed FFPIDR technique overcomes the trade-off between out-of-band loop attenuation and in-band loop gain to reduce the PWM-intermodulated distortion while maintaining a high in-band distortion suppression capability without increasing the switching frequency. This results in a high-fidelity and low-quiescent-current audio amplifier suitable for mobile devices. This work is implemented in a 0.5 μm CMOS technology, and the measurement result with a 4.2 V supply voltage shows that the proposed FFPIDR technique improves the TiD + N by 12 dB when an output power of 340 mW is delivered to an 8-Ω load. Compared with other state of the arts, the proposed class-D amplifier achieves 0.0037% TiD + N with a quiescent current of 2.4 mA and the smallest chip area of 0.86 mm2, and the measured peak efficiency reaches 92%.
The impact of supervisor interpersonal justice on supervisor-directed citizenship behaviors in social enterprises: a moderated mediation model

Abstract While prior research has examined the strategic role of social enterprise managers in the achievement of a double economic and social performance objective, a clear understanding of the supervisors’ role in fostering employees’ attitudes and behaviors is still lacking. To address this gap, our paper aims to examine the impact of supervisor interpersonal justice on supervisor-directed citizenship behaviors by developing a moderated mediation model. Survey data were collected from 196 supervisor-subordinate dyads employed in diverse French social enterprises. Our results show that psychological contract breach mediates the supervisor interpersonal justice – supervisor-directed citizenship behaviors relationship. Further, employees’ prosocial motivations moderate this indirect effect. Our research provides insight into the mechanisms of social exchange relationships in social enterprises. In a practical perspective, it also demonstrates that the development of an effective HRM in social enterprises requires the implementation of specific training and development programs for managers.
A qualitative study of faculty members' views of women chairs.

BACKGROUND Concurrent with the evolving role of the department chair in academic medicine is the entry of women physicians into chair positions. Because implicit biases that stereotypically masculine behaviors are required for effective leadership remain strong, examining faculty members' perceptions of their chair's leadership in medical school departments with women chairs can provide insight into the views of women leaders in academic medicine and the complex ways in which gender may impact these chairs' leadership style and actions. METHODS We conducted semistructured interviews with 13 male and 15 female faculty members representing all faculty tracks in three clinical departments chaired by women. Inductive, qualitative analysis of the subsequent text allowed themes to emerge across interviews. RESULTS Four themes emerged regarding departmental leadership. One dealt with the leadership of the previous chair. The other three described the current chair's characteristics (tough, direct, and transparent), her use of communal actions to help support and mentor her faculty, and her ability to build power through consensus. Because all three chairs were early in their tenure, a wait and see attitude was frequently expressed. Faculty generally viewed having a woman chair as an indication of positive change, with potential individual and institutional advantages. CONCLUSIONS This exploratory study suggests that the culture of academic medicine has moved beyond questioning women physicians' competence to lead once they are in top organizational leadership positions. The findings are also consonant with experimental research indicating that women leaders are most successful when they pair stereotypic male (agentic) behaviors with stereotypic female (communal) behaviors. All three chairs exhibited features of a transformational leadership style and characteristics deemed essential for effective leadership in academic medicine.
Can the labor status of parents and the composition of the family influence the future labor situation of children? Evidence for Spain

The aim of this paper is to analyze whether family support, measured through the labor status of parents and the composition of the household during adolescence, may be an important determinant of unemployment in Spain. To address this issue, we follow the Quantity-Quality model of Becker-Lewis (Becker and Lewis, 1973), using data from the Survey of Living Conditions (2011). First, our results show that individuals living with both parents at home during their teenage years are less likely to be unemployed in the future. Second, we find evidence of the intergenerational transmission of unemployment outcomes, and that the unemployment status of the mother is strongly transferred to the child. Additionally, we extend this work to an analysis of the type of job, finding that household composition is an important determinant of self-employment and temporary employment. Our findings are robust to controls for observable and unobservable characteristics by region, and to the use of different subsamples.
Relationship Between Intraprostatic Tracer Deposits and Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping in Prostate Cancer Patients

Intraprostatic injection of the hybrid tracer indocyanine green (ICG)–99mTc-nanocolloid enables both preoperative sentinel node (SN) identification and intraoperative visualization of the SN. Relating the fluorescence deposits in embedded prostate tissue specimens to the preoperatively detected SNs also provides the opportunity to study the influence of their placement on lymphatic drainage pattern. Methods: Nineteen patients with prostate carcinoma scheduled for robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy and lymph node (LN) dissection were included. ICG–99mTc-nanocolloid was injected intraprostatically, guided by ultrasound. SN biopsy was performed using a combination of radioguidance and fluorescence guidance. Tracer distribution was visualized in paraffin-embedded prostate samples using ex vivo fluorescence imaging. This distribution was correlated to the number and location of the SNs identified on preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and SPECT/CT. Results: ICG–99mTc-nanocolloid helped guide surgical excision of the SNs. Ex vivo fluorescence imaging revealed a large variation in the locations of intraprostatic tracer deposits among patients. Tracer deposits in the peripheral zone correlated with a higher number of visualized LNs than deposits in the central zone (on average, 4.7 vs. 2.4 LNs per patient). Furthermore, tracer deposits in the mid gland correlated with a higher number of visualized LNs than deposits near the base or apex of the prostate (on average, 6 vs. 3.5 LNs per patient). Conclusion: The hybrid nature of the tracer not only enables surgical guidance but also provides an opportunity to study the correlation between the location of tracer deposits within the prostate and the number and location of preoperatively visualized SNs. These data suggest that the location at which a tracer deposit is placed influences the lymphatic drainage pattern.
Mortality Predictors in ST-Elevated Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

The use of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in primary treatment of acute myocardial infarction is still debated. We evaluated the predictors of mortality in patients undergoing primary CABG for ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). Between January 2003 and January 2008, all patients referred to our institution with STEMI who did not qualify for primary angioplasty and required CABG were included in this study. Survivors and nonsurvivors were compared retrospectively in terms of demo-graphics, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics. Preoperatively confirmed cases of STEMI (n = 150) were included in the analysis. There were 114 survivors and 36 nonsurvivors. In-hospital mortality rate was 22%. In Cox regression analysis age, cardiogenic shock (Killip ≥3), preoperative cardiac troponin levels, preoperative use of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP), previous myocardial infarction, and percutaneous coronary intervention were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. After multivariate analysis, factors predicting in-hospital mortality were age, preoperative cardiac troponin levels, and preoperative IABP. Age, preoperative cardiac troponin levels, and preoperative IABP use were predictive factors of in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing primary CABG for STEMI.
Safety of the Ullorex® Oral Intragastric Balloon for the Treatment of Obesity

Background: Intragastric balloons have been used for weight loss with varying success. Widespread use of intragastric balloons has been limited because balloons must be placed in, and removed from, the stomach endoscopically. Development of a balloon that does not require endoscopy suggests that obesity treatment with intragastric balloons is feasible. The purpose of this study was to test the Ullorex® oral intragastric balloon (OIB) in a sample of human participants. Methods: The Ullorex OIB is a large capsule that is injected with citric acid and swallowed. After 4 minutes, the balloon inflates to 300 cm3. Stomach acid degrades a plug on the balloon over 25–30 days, when the balloon deflates and passes in feces. The Ullorex OIB was tested in 12 humans (two participants received placebo capsules). Body weight was monitored before and after balloon placement, and test meals quantified food intake among 6 of the 12 participants, all of whom received one balloon. Results: A single significant adverse event occurred. The one participant randomized to receive three balloons developed nausea and vomiting, requiring intravenous fluids, which was likely influenced by noncompliance (eating solid foods after balloon placement). Participants who received balloons had a significant mean weight loss over 2 weeks, amounting to 1.5 kg (p < 0.05). A marginally significant food intake reduction from baseline to week 1 was found (149 kcal, 24.4%) (p = 0.055). Conclusions: The Ullorex OIB was successfully utilized in this study, with one serious adverse event that was likely influenced by noncompliance. Body weight and food intake data suggest that the Ullorex OIB be tested further as a possible treatment for obesity.
Apprenticeship and Vocational Education and Training in Israel

One of a series of studies on vocational education and training, this review assesses the apprenticeship system and vocational education and training in Israel and provides policy recommendations. Israel has experienced strong economic growth over the last decade, and labour shortages are observed in many sectors and occupations. At the same time, inequity and disadvantage in some population groups are rising. This report suggests several ways in which Israel might reform its vocational and apprenticeship programmes so that they effectively support the Israeli economy by providing the skills in demand on the labour market, and improve life chances and social mobility of individuals.
Percepciones sobre la autonomía universitaria de los docentes-investigadores de la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica de la Universidad de Buenos Aires

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la vigencia del concepto de autonomía universitaria en la Univer- sidad de Buenos Aires (uba), ante la apertura de vínculos de investigación con empresas de capital. Paraello, se distinguen tres dimensiones de dicha autonomía (corporativa, de la razón y financiera). Se sugiere que es la autonomía financiera la actualmente jerarquizada y que su búsqueda ha orientado a la uba ala producción para el mercado, direccionando sus investigaciones según demandas privadas que ponenen riesgo a la autonomía de la razón. Asimismo, se sostiene que la crisis de representación de sus órganos de gobierno ha transformado la autonomía corporativa en escudo de necesidades de grupos reducidos. A partir de entrevistas en profundidad a un grupo de docentes-investigadores de una de sus llamadas fa- cultades de investigación, la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, estudiamos luego cómo son entendidas esas dimensiones de la autonomía universitaria, indagando si tales riesgos aparecen en sus percepciones.
In vitro photo-induced cytotoxic activity of Citrus bergamia and C. medica L. cv. Diamante peel essential oils and identified active coumarins

Context: The search for innovative therapeutic approaches is gaining more interest in clinical oncology. Objective: In the present investigation we reported the chemical profile and the photo-induced cytotoxic activity of two endemic Calabrian Citrus species (Rutaceae): Citrus bergamia Risso & Poit. and Citrus medica L. cv. Diamante. Materials and methods: Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. In order to evaluate the cytotoxic activity two melanoma models, such as amelanotic melanoma C32 and malignant melanoma A375, were used. Results: The essential oil of C. bergamia was characterized by limonene, linalyl acetate, γ-terpinene, linalool and β-pinene as major components. The most abundant compounds of C. medica cv. Diamante oil were limonene, γ-terpinene, citral, geranial, β-pinene and α-pinene. Two coumarins, bergapten and citropten, were also identified in C. bergamia and C. medica cv. Diamante, respectively and tested for biological activity. Both C. bergamia and C. medica cv. Diamante oils exhibited a selective interesting activity against the A375 cell line with IC50 values of 79.3 and 89.1 µg/mL, respectively, after 100 min exposure to UV irradiation. The strong antiproliferative activity demonstrated with bergapten (IC50 value of 71.3 µg/mL after 20 min of irradiation) was not found with citropten. Discussion and conclusion: Our study suggested that UV irradiation is effective in activating essential oils and in particular bergapten. This phototoxicity may be considered as a treatment option in some cases of lentigo maligna or lentigo maligna melanoma.
Invasive amebiasis as an emerging parasitic disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND Whether risk of invasive amebiasis due to Entamoeba histolytica is higher among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons than uninfected persons remains unclear, although intestinal colonization by Entamoeba dispar is common among men who have sex with men. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of invasive amebiasis and intestinal colonization by E histolytica and E dispar in HIV-infected persons and uninfected controls. METHODS We assessed the prevalence of invasive amebiasis by case review of 951 HIV-infected persons and by serologic studies of 634 of the 951 HIV-infected persons, 429 uninfected controls with gastrointestinal symptoms, and 178 uninfected healthy controls using indirect hemagglutination antibody assay. We assessed the rate of intestinal colonization by E histolytica and E dispar by fecal antigen and polymerase chain reaction tests in 332 asymptomatic HIV-infected persons and 144 of the 178 uninfected healthy controls. RESULTS Forty-nine (5.2%) of 951 HIV-infected persons had 51 episodes of invasive amebiasis. A high indirect hemagglutination antibody titer was detected in 39 (6.2%) of 634 HIV-infected persons compared with 10 (2.3%) of 429 uninfected controls with gastrointestinal symptoms and 0 of 178 uninfected healthy controls (P<.001). Stool specimens from 40 (12.1%) of 332 HIV-infected persons and 2 (1.4%) of 144 uninfected healthy controls were positive for E histolytica or E dispar antigen (P<.001). Ten (25.0%) of the 40 antigen-positive stool specimens from HIV-infected persons contained E histolytica. CONCLUSION Persons infected with HIV in Taiwan are at increased risk for invasive amebiasis and exhibit a relatively high frequency of elevated antibody titers and intestinal colonization with E histolytica.
Health Messaging to Individuals Who Perceive Ambiguity in Health Communications: The Promise of Self-Affirmation

The perception that extant health messages about risk factors for a disease are ambiguous can be associated with greater anxiety and reduced interest in taking precautionary action. In this experiment, 247 female alcohol consumers who perceived varying degrees of ambiguity in current cancer prevention messages read an unambiguous article about the documented link between alcohol consumption and breast cancer. Before reading the article, half were given the opportunity to self-affirm by reflecting on an important value—a technique previously shown to enhance receptivity to threatening messages. The authors found that self-affirmation increased message acceptance among those who perceived relatively higher levels of ambiguity in cancer communications. Also, the relation between perceived ambiguity and risk perception became positive among self-affirmed participants, suggesting they had become less defensive. Self-affirmation may be an effective technique to use when delivering health communications to audiences who perceive a lack of consistency in prevention messages.
Specific IgG levels to wheat in wheat tolerant professional cyclists may depend on a homeostatic immune response to a high consumption of wheat.

BACKGROUND Implication of IgG antibodies to wheat has been alleged in gastrointestinal symptoms. Precise data on the specific IgG levels in healthy subjects are lacking. Our objectives are to compare levels of IgG antibodies to wheat protein fractions in healthy non atopic or atopic subjects, and in healthy professional cyclist subjects, taking into account the quantitative consumption of wheat. METHODS 24 control subjects and 26 professional cyclist subjects were selected. ELISA was performed to 2 wheat commercial solutions and to 3 wheat protein fractions. RESULTS No significant difference was observed between non atopic and atopic subjects. For wheat flour extract, physiological norm determined was 3.27 mg/L sIgG concentration +/- 1.25 CI (95% confidence intervals) for the professional cyclists (vs 1.56 mg/L +/- 0.91 CI in control subjects, p-value: 0.040). For gluten solution, physiological norm was 1.42 mg/L +/- 0.60 CI (vs 0.50 +/- 0.24 CI in control subjects, p-value: 0.010). CONCLUSION Atopic and non atopic healthy adults have a similar level of sIgG to wheat. Increased levels of sIgG are observed correlatively with an excessive consumption, and could contribute to homeostasis of tolerance. Studies searching for a pathogenic role of sIgG in certain pathologies should take into account the quantitative consumption.
Use of integrative epigenetic and cytogenetic analyses to identify novel tumor-suppressor genes in malignant melanoma

The objective of this study was to identify novel tumor-suppressor genes in melanoma, using an integrative genomic approach. Data from: (i) earlier reports of DNA loss and gain in malignant melanoma accompanied by comparative genomic hybridization high-definition array data of the entire human genome; (ii) microarray expression data from melanoma-derived cell lines identifying genes with significantly increased expression due to methylation using a pharmacologic demethylating strategy; and (iii) publicly available RNA expression microarray data of primary tumors and benign nevi were integrated using statistical tools to define a population of candidate tumor-suppressor genes. Twenty-seven genes were identified in areas of deletion that demonstrated diminished expression in primary melanomas relative to benign nevi and were significantly increased in expression by 5-Aza treatment. Seven genes of these 27 genes demonstrated methylation and deletion in a validation cohort of 14 separate primary tumors. These were: CHRDL1, SFRP1, TMEM47, LPL, RARRES1, PLCXD1, and KOX15. All of these genes demonstrated growth-suppressive properties with transfection into melanoma-derived cell lines. Seven putative tumor-suppressor genes in malignant melanoma were identified using a novel integrative technique.
Relationship of Self-reported Attentional Fatigue to Perceived Work Ability in Breast Cancer Survivors

Background: Breast cancer survivors (BCSs) have identified attentional fatigue, a decrease in the ability to focus, as a persistent daily challenge; however, little is known regarding its impact on work ability. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between attentional fatigue and perceived work ability in BCSs controlling for the known covariates of age, education, household income, and time posttreatment. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive design was used. Breast cancer survivors who were currently employed and at least 1 year post–adjuvant treatment participated. Breast cancer survivors completed the Attentional Function Index and Work Ability Index questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, linear regression, and Fisher exact test were used for analysis. Results: Sixty-eight female BCSs, ranging from 29 to 68 years of age (mean, 52.1 [SD, 8.6]) and on average 4.97 (SD, 3.36) years posttreatment, participated. More than one-fourth of BCSs (26.5%) reported poor to moderate perceived work ability, indicating substantial concerns regarding work performance. Attentional fatigue was found to significantly predict perceived work ability (P < .001), explaining 40% of the variance of perceived work ability. Conclusions: Attentional fatigue is a prevalent symptom posttreatment that is negatively related to perceived work ability in BCSs. Implications for Practice: Nurses are in a prime position to assess and intervene to alleviate attentional fatigue to improve work ability. Findings suggest a need for individual, comprehensive survivorship care plans to effectively address symptoms that impact work ability and, ultimately, the quality of life of cancer survivors.
Alkylphenol Polyethoxylate Removal in a Pilot‐Scale Reed Bed and Phenotypic Characterization of the Aerobic Heterotrophic Community

The removal of the non‐ionic surfactant Triton X‐100, dosed at 30 and 300 mg/L in a pilot‐scale subsurface horizontal flow reed bed, and the aerobic heterotrophic cultivable community associated with the roots and with the substrate gravel in both absence and presence of Triton X‐100 were investigated. t‐Octylphenol (OP) and its mono‐, di‐ and tri‐ethoxyl derivatives, among others, were found in the outlet. A mass balance allowed us to calculate that approximately 40% of the Triton X‐100 metabolites OP and octylphenol polyethoxylate derivatives flowed out of the reed bed during the dosage and postdosage experiments. More aerobic heterotrophic microorganisms adhered to the roots than to the gravel. The appearance of new strains (Aeromonas, Flavobacterium, and Aquaspirillum) and the increased presence of others (Pseudomonas) during the dosage of Triton may be linked to the capacity of these bacteria to adapt to the presence of the surfactant or to use it as a nourishment.