Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MAJOR LIFE EVENTS AND PERSONALITY TRAIT CHANGE THE ROLE OF MAJOR LIFE EVENTS AND BRAIN DEVELOPMENT ON PERSONALITY TRAIT CHANGE IN ADULTHOOD

The relationship between personality trait change and major life events is currently undergoing extensive investigations within the field of personality psychology. A debate has risen regarding whether or not major life events can bring about trait change, and how typical trait change patterns over the adult lifespan can be explained. It is valuable to understand how traits change because they predict important future outcomes. The Five-Factor Theory described by McCrae and Costa (2008a) states that traits are purely biological entities, and trait change is explained to result from processes of intrinsic biological maturation, unaffected by life events. This thesis reviewed the literature regarding the relationship of trait change and life events, and the research of potential biological bases of traits in the brain together with a brain developmental perspective of intrinsic maturation. Gaining an insight in the relationship between personality traits and the brain is a goal within a young field of research called personality neuroscience, and an agenda of the Five-Factor Theory. Major life events do cause trait change, but the relationship is complex. A brain developmental perspective of intrinsic maturation did not entirely correspond with patterns of typical trait change in young adulthood. The Five-Factor Theory is challenged and modifications are suggested. Neurobiological correlates of five-factor traits reveal issues and potentials for future research.
Association between PON 1 L 55 M polymorphisms and risk of coronary heart disease : a meta-analysis based on 46 case-control studies

The purpose of the current meta-analysis was to explore the association between PON1 L55M polymorphisms and risk of CHD. Relevant studies were enrolled after a systematical literature search of Pubmed, Embase, OVID, and Web of Science databases in English. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used in different genetic models to evaluate the strength of association. Funnel plots and Egger’s tests were performed to evaluate publication bias. Subgroup analyses were conducted by ethnicity, diagnosis, sample size, and results of HWE testing. A total of 46 studies, involving 15,554 cases and 18,137 controls, were included in this meta-analysis. Overall analysis showed an insignificant association between PON1 L55M polymorphisms and CHD under allelic (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.99-1.13, P = 0.118), homozygous (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.95-1.31, P = 0.166), heterozygous (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.95-1.31, P = 0.199), recessive (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.97-1.11, P = 0.34), and dominant (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 0.96-1.33, P = 0.13) models. However, subgroup analyses showed a significant association in Asians. No association was observed between PON1 L55M polymorphisms and MI. Subgroup analyses of studies with sample sizes > 500 and p of HWE testing > 0.05 yielded insignificant results. In conclusion, L55M polymorphisms in PON1 genes are not associated with susceptibility to CHD. However, the association was significant in Asian populations. More high-quality studies should be carried out to validate present conclusions.
Investigations of FLT3 internal tandem duplications in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia

In acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), further prognostic determinants are required in addition to cytogenetics to predict patients at increased risk of relapse. Recent studies have indicated an internal tandem duplication (ITD) in the FLT3 gene may adversely affect clinical outcome. The studies reported in this thesis evaluated the impact of a FLT3/ITD on outcome in 854 patients treated in UK MRC AML trials. A FLT3/ITD was present in 27% patients and was associated with leucocytosis and a high percentage of bone marrow blast cells. With respect to clinical outcome it predicted for increased relapse risk (RR), adverse disease-free survival (DFS), event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). In multivariate analysis, presence of a mutation was the most significant prognostic factor predicting for RR and DFS. In order to evaluate whether FLT3 mutations can be used as markers of minimal residual disease, paired presentation and relapse samples were studied. Twenty four patients were wild type FLT3 at diagnosis and 4 acquired a FLT3 mutation at relapse. Of 20 patients positive at diagnosis, 5 who were all originally ITD+, had no detectable mutation at relapse. Furthermore, another patient had a completely different ITD at relapse which could not be detected in the presentation sample. These results suggest that, at least in some patients, FLT3 mutations are secondary events in leukaemogenesis, are unstable and thus should be used cautiously for the detection of minimal residual disease. Given the high frequency of activating FLT3 mutations in patients with AML, FLT3 and its downstream pathway are attractive targets for directed inhibition. Several promising tyrosine kinase inhibitors have recently been identified and in vitro data reported here suggest that FLT3 inhibitors may have a role either as monotherapy or in combination with conventional cytotoxic agents in the treatment of AML.
CLINICAL OUTCOME OF PERCUTANEOUS ENDOSCOPIC LUMBAR DISCECTOMY AND OPEN LUMBAR MICRODISCECTOMY FOR LUMBAR DISC HERNIATION : A LITERATURE REVIEW

Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) is newly developed technique to the management of lumbar disc herniation (LDH), was introduced in 1986. This method used a tubular retractor and endoscope for visualization. Open lumbar microdiscectomy (OLM) used the microscope for visualization was introduced in late 1970s. This method considered as the gold standard technique for the treatment of LDH. The aim of this study to compare the advantage and disadvantage of the operative method and clinical outcomes reported in the published literature for both PELD and OLM for the management of LDH.
A comparative study on extraction and characterization of melon (Cucumis melo) seed oil and its application in baking.

Melon ( Cucumis melo ) seeds are rich source of oil, protein and possess numerous medicinal properties; however, these are normally treated as waste. Present study was conducted to characterize the melon seed oil and to assess its potential to improve bread quality characteristics. For the purpose melon seed oil was extracted, analyzed regarding different parameters and utilized in bread manufacturing at various concentrations (T 0 =5% Shortening (control), T 1 =4 % melon seed oil, T 2 =5 % melon seed oil, T 3 = 6 % melon seed oil, T 4 =7 % melon seed oil). The results showed that melon seeds contain 29.86% oil. Iodine and saponification values were found as 118.8±3.57 (mg Iodine g -1 ), 188.83±5.37 (mg KOH g -1 ) respectively. Fatty acid profile revealed that linoleic acid was found in higher concentration i.e. 62.95g/100g. The oleic acid, palmitic acid, steric acid and cis-5, 8, 11, 14, 17 eicosapentanoic acid methyl esters were present in concentrations of 20.35, 4.96, 3.01 and 1.89g/100g, respectively. It was found, the melon seed oil improved bread quality characteristics like volume, relative volume, specific volume and density when it was applied at the level of 5% (T 2 ). It improved sensory attributes of bread samples with the best results produced by T 2 .
SCALING UP PARTICIPATORY WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA : A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

In recent years watershed management has become the focal point of agricultural and rural development in rainfed areas of India. Central and State governments, donors and NGOs have all been involved in implementing watershed programmes with varying degrees of success. The majority of the more successful projects share one or more of the following characteristics: (i) they often occur under specific preconditions which are not easily replicable; (ii) approaches to development are resource intensive and cannot easily be ‘scaled up’ to new areas; (iii) there is uncertainty over the long term institutional and ecological sustainability of rehabilitated watersheds. This paper discusses the physical, social and institutional context for watershed development. It also considers the relationship between microwatersheds and the wider institutional and policy environment. It highlights the need to prioritise the watersheds to be developed on the basis of socio-economic and biophysical criteria. It warns that in some cases watershed development may not be the most appropriate programme. If approaches to microwatershed development are to be rapidly replicable then the preconditions for scaling up have to be identified and incorporated into the project design. Ways of working need to be defined which allow the necessary degree of participation for interventions to be planned and function adequately, but at the same time are rapidly replicable. This will entail the creation of new partnerships between central and state government, district administration, panchayati raj institutions, NGOs, line agencies and communities and implies fundamental changes in their respective roles and responsibilities. Many donors and NGOs have been criticised for giving insufficient attention to replicability in their programmes; expansion is dependent on replication of a blueprint model in another area. Government programmes provide funds far in excess of donors or NGOs and represent a unique attempt to institutionalise participatory approaches to rural development. There is a unique opportunity for all agencies to work together to support improvements in the effectiveness and efficiency of such
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FLUORESCENT HYDROXYAPATITE

This paper presents the synthesis of cerium doped hydroxyapatite using low concentrations of cerium (xCe = 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05) by an adapted sol-gel method. The structural and optical properties of the obtained powders have been studied by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The cerium ions successfully substituted the calcium ions from the hydroxyapatite structure without inflicting any structural alterations. With the increase of dopant concentration in the sample a decrease of the mean particle size was observed. Also, the vibrational peak intensities decreased while the intensity of the photoluminescence excitation bands increased in intensity when the cerium concentration increased from xCe = 0.01 to xCe = 0.05. Taken together, the results suggest that even low concentration of cerium influence the properties of hydroxyapatite but do not cause any structural alterations.
Sequential effects of high glucose on mesangial cell transforming growth factor-b 1 and fibronectin synthesis

Sequential effects of high glucose on mesangial cell transforming growth factor-b1 and fibronectin synthesis. Background. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-b is recognized as the final common mediator of the principal lesions of diabetic nephropathy such as renal hypertrophy and mesangial expansion. To gain better understanding of the temporal relationships between high glucose (HG) and mesangial cell (MC) TGF-b1 synthesis and between TGF-b1 and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, the present study examined early and sequential effects of HG on TGF-b1 and fibronectin (FN) mRNA expression and protein synthesis. Methods. Confluent primary rat MC was stimulated with 5.6 (control) or 30 (high) mM glucose after synchronizing the growth by incubation with serum-free media for 48 hours. Results. Mesangial cell TGF-b1 mRNA expression increased significantly in six hours and continued to increase until 48 hours in response to HG. The level of TGF-b1 mRNA was 1.5-fold higher than that of control glucose at six hours and 1.8-fold at 48 hours. TGF-b activity in heat-activated conditioned media under HG increased 1.5and 1.6-fold at 24 and 48 hours, respectively, compared to control glucose. FN mRNA increased significantly at 24 and 48 hours and 1.4-fold that of control glucose at both time points. FN protein also increased 1.5-fold that of control glucose at 48 hours. Anti-TGF-b antibody completely abolished HGinduced FN synthesis. Conclusions. The present findings demonstrate that HG stimulates TGF-b1 very early and prior to FN production and that HG-induced FN production is mediated by TGF-b. This finding is consistent with the view that TGF-b mediates increased ECM accumulation by MC under high glucose conditions.
Off-Balance Sheet Activities and Profit Efficiency of Indian Banks: An Empirical Investigation

This paper investigates the relevance of the inclusion of off-balance activities in the specification of banks’ output on the profit efficiency of Indian banks. The results indicate that the exclusion of offbalance activities not only understates the profit efficiency of individual banks but also affects the ranking of ownership groups in the industry. In particular, when a proxy for off-balance activities is accounted for in the output specification, the foreign banks appear to be more efficient than public and private sector banks. Overall, the results reinforce the prevailing view in the extant literature that the exclusion of off-balance activities causes misspecification of banks’ output, and may distort the efficiency estimates.
Unobserved human capital and firm-sized premium

This paper examines wage compensations and worker mobility in firms with different size using linked employer-employee Finnish data over the period 1989-1996. We show that the unobserved human capital component of wages is increasing in firm size and explains a substantial share of the higher wages in large firms. We suggest alternative explanations for this. To begin with, high wages lead directly to larger firm size through lower job search of employers. In addition, large firms can build reputation wages as they have a longer employment history. Both explanations are consistent in our finding that the payments on unobserved human capital lower excess worker reallocation. High-wage earners in large firms can also be risky workers with an option value on good performance. In contrast to previous explanations, this increases job and worker turnover. We also claim that large firms substitute high wages for large monitoring costs. Small firms have more information on the worker effort of their employees and can monitor employees better than large firms. PIEKKOLA, Hannu, UNOBSERVED HUMAN CAPITAL AND FIRM-SIZE PREMIUM. Helsinki: ETLA, Elinkeinoelämän Tutkimuslaitos, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy, 2000, 33 s. (Keskusteluaiheita, Discussion Papers, ISSN 0781-6847; No. 739). TIIVISTELMÄ: Tutkimus tarkastelee palkanmuodostusta ja työvoiman liikkuvuutta erikokoisissa yrityksissä Suomessa yhdistetyssä yritys-työntekijä aineistossa ajanjaksolla 19891996. Ei-havaittava inhimillinen pääoma kasvaa yrityskoon mukaan ja on merkittävin selittäjä suurten yritysten korkeammille palkoille. Suurilla yrityksillä on parempi tunnettuvuus ja maine. Tämä ja korkeat palkat sinänsä vähentävät työntekijöiden hakeutumista muualle töihin. Suurissa yrityksissä henkilöstön valvonta on vaikeampaa, mitä kompensoidaan korkeammilla palkoilla. Samalla suuret yritykset maksavat vähemmän kannustimiin tai voitonjakoon perustuvia palkkoja. Korkeat palkat ovat paremmin seurausta siitä, että yritykset rekrytoivat uusia työntekijöitä korkealla palkalla ja huonosti menestyvät työntekijät irtisanotaan tai he hakeutuvat muualle töihin. Theme: Compensation policy
SUBSTITUTION OF COUPLE Sn(IV)/Zn(II) FOR In(III) IN THE FLUORITE-LIKE TRANSPARENT CONDUCTORS: In5-2XSn1+XSbZnXO12

Three new compositions (x = 0.1, x = 0.2 and x = 0.3) belonging to In5-2xSn1+xSbZnxO12 system, have been successfully synthesized by substitution of pair Sn(IV)/Zn(II) for In(III). The compositions were studied from point of view of structural, optical and electrical properties. Structure calculations shows an ordered cationic distribution over the octahedral and highly distorted sevenfold coordinated site. For In4.4Sn1. 3SbZn0.3O12 composition a small amount of unreacted SnO2 was identified, which decreases from 5.76 wt % to 3.17 wt %, by increasing preparation temperature from 1300 °C to 1350 °C. The electrical conductivity of the x = 0.1 composition was enhanced by approximately one order of magnitude with respect to In4Sn3O12.
Egyptian faba bean tolerance to drought and heat stresses : Varietal susceptibility and SRAP functional molecular markers

susceptibility and SRAP functional molecular markers Kamal F. Abdellatif (1) , Samah M. M. Eldemery (2, , Mohamad A. Belal (1) and Yehia A. Khidr (1) (1) Plant Biotech. Dept., GEBRI, USC, Egypt, (2) Mol. Biol. Dept., GEBRI, USC, Egypt, (3) Biol. Dept., Sci. Fac. , King Abdelaziz Univ., Jeddah, KSA Corresponding Author: kamal2004gr@yahoo.com, kamal.abdellatif@gebri.usc. edu.eg ABSTRACT Sensitivity of four Egyptian faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties to drought and heat stresses have been investigated using seventeen morphological traits using susceptibility (sensitivity) test and the varietal tolerance to the stresses was studied using functional molecular markers SRAP. The susceptibility test for drought and heat stresses tolerance revealed that both "Giza716" and "Giza843" are tolerant varieties while “Misr1” and “Sakha1” varieties are sensitive. According to the cluster analysis of morphological data, the varieties "Giza716" and "Giza843" were clustered together where the varieties “Misr1” and “Sakha1” were clustered in another group. The SRAP markers gave 84.5% polymorphism so they were effective to detect genetic polymorphisms among the faba bean varieties under different levels of both drought and heat stresses. The morphological susceptibility test and SRAP marker revealed that "Giza716" and "Giza843" appeared to be tolerant for drought and heat stresses and “Misr1” and “Sakha1” varieties appeared to be sensitive. Thus, it can be concluded that the tolerant varieties "Giza716" and "Giza843” can be used in breeding program as a source of tolerance drought and/or heat stresses. At the same time, another source of tolerance is required to accumulate as much as possible QTLs of these traits and produce super varieties in drought and/or heat tolerance of faba bean crop. In addition, further studies are required to study (in emphasize) the response of these genotypes to other abiotic stresses and accumulate more QTLs of abiotic stresses tolerance in super variety tolerant to abiotic stress.
PHYLOGENETIC RECONSTRUCTION BETWEEN THE OLD AND NEW WORLD SPIROIDES INFERRED FROM PLASTID TRNL-F AND NRDNA ITS SEQUENCES

Distribution of similar taxa between the East Asia (old world) and new worlds fascinated the Botanists and Biogeographers since the Linnaean time. The current study represents phylogenetic investigation of 39 Spiraea L. , species covering their entire distribution in the new world (America) to the old world (Tibet PR China). In this study we used both plastidial marker (trnL-F) and nuclear internal transcribed spacer (nrDNA ITS). Phylogeny among the species implemented in the program PAUP* while divergence time was calibrated in BEAST 1.7. 5. The analysis revealed that all 39 species of the genus are monophyletic. The study further suggested that ancestors of Spiraea were in the new world but their center of diversification is in East Asia. The estimated divergence time showed that S. virginiana endemic to North America is the oldest species with divergence time 21.1 MY. The divergence time of Spiraea species with disjunct distribution in the new world, Europe and East Asia e.g., S. hypericifolia, S. chamaedryfolia, S. douglasii, S. salicifolia and S. latifolia ranged from 7.44-1.83 MY with most during Pliocene (within the last 5 MY). The results concluded that isolation of Spiraea species occurred during the severe eco-climatic fluctuations period throughout the late Tertiary and Quaternary.
eScholarship Title Clinical and multimodal biomarker correlates of ADNI neuropathological findings Permalink

Background: Autopsy series commonly report a high percentage of coincident pathologies in demented patients, including patients with a clinical diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT). However many clinical and biomarker studies report cases with a single neurodegenerative disease. We examined multimodal biomarker correlates of the consecutive series of the first 22 Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative autopsies. Clinical data, neuropsychological measures, cerebrospinal fluid Aβ, total and phosphorylated tau and α-synuclein and MRI and FDG-PET scans. Results: Clinical diagnosis was either probable DAT or Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-type mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at last evaluation prior to death. All patients had a pathological diagnosis of AD, but only four had pure AD. A coincident pathological diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), medial temporal lobe pathology (TDP-43 proteinopathy, argyrophilic grain disease and hippocampal sclerosis), referred to collectively here as MTL, and vascular pathology were present in 45.5%, 40.0% and 22.7% of these patients, respectively. Hallucinations were a strong predictor of coincident DLB (100% specificity) and a more severe dysexecutive profile was also a useful predictor of coincident DLB (80.0% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity). Occipital FDG-PET hypometabolism accurately classified coincident DLB (80% sensitivity and 100% specificity). Subjects with coincident MTL showed lower hippocampal volume. Conclusions: Biomarkers can be used to independently predict coincident AD and DLB pathology, a common finding in amnestic MCI and DAT patients. Cohorts with comprehensive neuropathological assessments and multimodal biomarkers are needed to characterize independent predictors for the different neuropathological substrates of cognitive impairment.
A clinical study on complications of chronic suppurative otitis media and level of awareness in patients admitted at tertiary care hospital in central India

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a common public health problem in India. Though there is decline in the incidence of complications but they are still frequent due to poor socio-economic conditions, lack of awareness about health care and availability of trained specialist in rural settings. The objective was to study the complications of CSOM and level of awareness in patients admitted at Department of E.N. T. N.S. C.B. Medical College & Hospital Jabalpur M.P. India. Methods: The present study comprises of 52 patients with complications secondary to CSOM admitted to the Dept. of E.N. T. , N.S. C.B. Medical College Hospital Jabalpur M.P. India. An analysis was made regarding the demographic profile, clinical features, complications, awareness and the outcome of the study. Data was analysed with the help of Microsoft office excel. Results: The total no. of 52 patients with complication of CSOM was included in the study. The most common age for complication was first three decade of life. Most of the patients belong to rural area and lower socioeconomic status. Majority of the patients presented with the history of ear discharge, headache, decreased hearing, ear ache, swelling behind the ear, fever, facial weakness & signs of raised intracranial tension. Intratemporal complications was seen in 46 (88.46%) of the patients while only 6 (11.53%) belongs to intracranial complications. Overall awareness was poor. Self-medication was used in 23 (44.23%) of cases and match stick with or without cotton was used in 31 (59.61%) of patients for cleaning practice. Conclusions: Complications of CSOM pose a great challenge in clinical practice & Public health. Early intervention & awareness is required to decrease morbidity and mortality of the patients.