Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence and outcome of bacterial and fungal infections following nonmyeloablative compared with myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a matched control study.

Infections contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality after myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Whether recipients of nonmyeloablative HSCT have different posttransplantation infection risk was unknown. We therefore analyzed the incidence and risk of bacteremia during the first 100 days and of fungal infection during the first 365 days posttransplantation for 56 consecutive patients with hematological malignant disease who received nonmyeloablative HSCT (case patients). We compared the results with those among 112 control patients who received conventional myeloablative HSCT during the same years (January 1997-April 2000). Control patients were matched (2:1) for cytomegalovirus (CMV) risk group, HSC source, donor type, age, and underlying disease. Most donors (93%) were HLA-matched and related. Case patients had shorter periods of neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count, <100/mm3) than did control patients (median, 0 days; range, 0-11 versus 9 days; range, 4-25; P < .0001). This finding was associated with fewer episodes of bacteremia during the first 30 days (9% versus 27%; P = .01) and a trend to fewer episodes of bacteremia during the first 100 days posttransplantation (27% versus 41%, P = .07). Overall survival was significantly improved in case patients compared with control patients (day 100, 93% versus 81%; P = .04). During the first year posttransplantation, invasive aspergillosis occurred at a similar rate (case patients, 15%; control patients, 9%; P value not significant). Multivariate risk factor analyses identified neutropenia and CMV disease as the major factors associated with bacteremia and aspergillosis, respectively. We conclude that shorter periods of severe neutropenia in nonmyeloablative HSCT are associated with decreased risk of early bacteremia, although risk of fungal infection late after HSCT persists. This risk is an important consideration for the future development of preventive strategies.
Development of a mouse model of Helicobacter pylori infection that mimics human disease

The human pathogen Helicobacter pylori is associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. The pathogenesis of H. pylori infection in vivo was studied by adapting fresh clinical isolates of bacteria to colonize the stomachs of mice. A gastric pathology resembling human disease was observed in infections with cytotoxin-producing strains but not with noncytotoxic strains. Oral immunization with purified H. pylori antigens protected mice from bacterial infection. This mouse model will allow the development of therapeutic agents and vaccines against H. pylori infection in humans.
KV7 Channel Pharmacological Activation by the Novel Activator ML213: Role for Heteromeric KV7.4/KV7.5 Channels in Guinea Pig Detrusor Smooth Muscle Function

Voltage-gated KV7 channels (KV7.1 to KV7.5) are important regulators of the cell membrane potential in detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) of the urinary bladder. This study sought to further the current knowledge of KV7 channel function at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels in combination with pharmacological tools. We used isometric DSM tension recordings, ratiometric fluorescence Ca2+ imaging, amphotericin-B perforated patch-clamp electrophysiology, and in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) in combination with the novel compound N-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-bicyclo[2.2. 1]heptane-2-carboxamide (ML213), an activator of KV7.2, KV7.4, and KV7.5 channels, to examine their physiologic roles in guinea pig DSM function. ML213 caused a concentration-dependent (0.1–30 µM) inhibition of spontaneous phasic contractions in DSM isolated strips; effects blocked by the KV7 channel inhibitor XE991 (10 µM). ML213 (0.1–30 µM) also reduced pharmacologically induced and nerve-evoked contractions in DSM strips. Consistently, ML213 (10 µM) decreased global intracellular Ca2+ concentrations in Fura-2–loaded DSM isolated strips. Perforated patch-clamp electrophysiology revealed that ML213 (10 µM) caused an increase in the amplitude of whole-cell KV7 currents. Further, in current-clamp mode of the perforated patch clamp, ML213 hyperpolarized DSM cell membrane potential in a manner reversible by washout or XE991 (10 µM), consistent with ML213 activation of KV7 channel currents. Preapplication of XE991 (10 µM) not only depolarized the DSM cells, but also blocked ML213-induced hyperpolarization, confirming ML213 selectivity for KV7 channel subtypes. In situ PLA revealed colocalization and expression of heteromeric KV7.4/KV7.5 channels in DSM isolated cells. These combined results suggest that ML213-sensitive KV7.4- and KV7.5-containing channels are essential regulators of DSM excitability and contractility.
Strategy-proof Social Choice with Exogenous Indifference Classes Revisited

In this paper we consider the exogenous indifference classes model of Sato (2009) and analyse further the link between strategy-proofness, unanimity and dictatorship. We show that when the number of common indifference classes (v(S)) is at least two, a unanimous and strategy-proof social choice function must be dictatorial. The condition v(S) < 2, does not imply dictatorship. In addition, we establish the following results. First, we provide a necessary condition for strategy-proofness and unanimity to imply dictatorship. Second, we characterize the domain where strategy-proofness and efficiency imply dictatorship in the case of two agents. Finally, we characterize unanimous and strategy-proof random social choice functions for the two individuals in the case where v(S) ≥ 2. ∗Indian Statistical Institute, New Delhi, India. †Indian Statistical Institute, New Delhi, India.
INHA A192G polymorphism and its association with dairy traits in Antioquia Holstein cattle

The objective of this research was determining the effect of the A192G polymorphism in some productive and reproductive traits in Antioquia Holstein cows. To achieve this, the technique PCR-RFLP was used to amplify a segment of 249 bp of the bovine inhibin alpha gene (INHA) which was digested with the restriction enzyme MspI. The effect of the INHA genotypes on the productive and reproductive traits was determinate by a Mixed Linear Model and Tukey Test was used to establish significant differences between means for the three genotypes. The effect of allelic substitution was studied through a linear regression model where the genotypes AA, AG and GG were transformed into a quantitative scale of 0, 1 and 2, respectively according to the number of possessed G alleles. In Antioquia Holstein cattle the most common genotype was the AG (0.529) followed by AA (0.269) and GG (0.201) genotypes. Allele frequencies were 0.534 for A and 0.466 for G. The INHA genotypes did not exert a significant effect on the principal productive parameters, except for fat percentage where GG animals presented the highest value for this trait. Despite it was not a significant effect of this polymorphism on reproductive parameters, Tukey test showed that G allele tend to have a detrimental effect on female fertility, increasing the calving interval and the number of services per conception, decreasing the reproductive efficiency of the herds. Further studies are required to determine whether this SNP may be used as a molecular marker.
A recombinant peptide antigen line immunoassay optimized for the confirmation of Chagas' disease

BACKGROUND: The transfusion of contaminated blood has become the major route of transmission for Chagas' disease in Brazil. Current screening tests are insensitive and yield conflicting results, while confirmatory assays do not exist. A line immunoassay (INNO‐LIA Chagas Ab [INNO‐LIA]) combining relevant, immunodominant recombinant and synthetic antigens on a single nylon membrane strip was evaluated for the serologic confirmation of Chagas' disease.
A neural attention based approach for clickstream mining

E-commerce has seen tremendous growth over the past few years, so much so that only those companies which analyze browsing behaviour of users, can hope to survive the stiff competition in market. Analyzing customer behaviour helps in modeling and recognizing purchase intent which is vital to e-commerce for providing improved personalization and better ranking of search results. In this work, we make use of user clickstreams to model browsing behaviour of users. But clickstreams are known to be noisy and hence generating features from clickstreams and using them in one go for building a predictive model may not always capture the purchase/intent characteristics. There are multiple aspects within clickstreams which are to be considered such as the sequence (path) and temporal behaviour. Hence we model clickstreams as having multiple views, each view, concentrating on an aspect or a component of clickstream. In this work, we develop a Multi-View learning (MVL) framework that predicts whether users would make a purchase or not by analyzing their clickstreams. Recent advances in deep learning allow us to build neural networks that are able to extract complex latent features from the data with minimal human intervention. Separate models known as experts are trained on each view. The experts are then combined using an Expert-Attention (EA) network, where the attention part of the network tries to learn when to attend to which view of the data. Multiple variants have been proposed based on how EA network is trained. Yet another challenge is the extreme class imbalance present in the data since only a small fraction of clickstreams correspond to buyers. We propose a well informed undersampling strategy using autoencoders. This simple undersampling technique ensured that the model trained was not biased to non-buyers and resulted in much improved f-scores. Experimental results show that using EA networks, there is an improvement of 13% over single view methods. Moreover, it was also noticed that MVL using EA network performs better than conventional MVL methods such as Multiple Kernel Learning.
Anti-HER 2 Antibody and Heregulin Suppress Growth of HER 2-Overexpressing Human Breast Cancer Cells through Different Mechanisms 1

Previous reports have shown that certain anti-HER2 antibodies and heregulin can inhibit clonogenic growth of breast and ovarian cancers that overexpress HER2. AntiHER2 antibodies bind to HER2 directly, whereas heregulin does not bind to HER2 alone, but rather interacts with HER2 through the formation of heterodimers with HER3 or HER4. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the mechanisms by which anti-HER2 antibody and heregulin inhibit tumor growth. The anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) ID5 was found to block G1-S progression of the cell cycle, whereas heregulin inhibited passage through G 2-M. Compatible with the effects on the cell cycle, treatment with mAb ID5 decreased levels of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2, cyclin E, and CDK6 proteins and reduced cyclin E-CDK2associated kinase activity; mAb ID5-treated cells had increased p27 expression and an increased association of p27 with CDK2. In contrast, treatment with heregulin increased protein levels of CDK2, CDK6, CDC2, and cyclin B1. More Retinoblastoma protein was found in the hypophosphorylated state in the cells treated with mAb ID5, whereas more retinoblastoma protein was in the hyperphosphorylated state in heregulin-treated cells. Heregulin was able to induce cell differentiation as assessed by Oil Red O staining and apoptosis as assessed by sub-G 1 peak on flow cytometry and the presence of DNA fragmentation in ApopTag histochemistry staining. Neither differentiation nor apoptosis was observed in the cells treated with mAb ID5. We conclude that anti-HER-2 mAb ID5 and heregulin exert growth inhibition through different mechanisms. In mammary cells overexpressing HER2, anti-HER2 mAb ID5 induces G1 arrest, whereas heregulin induces G2-M arrest, cell differentiation, and apoptosis.
A formal basis for consistency, evolution and rationale management in requirements engineering

This paper presents a formal framework that addresses the twin problems of inconsistencies in requirements specifications and requirements evolution. It presents techniques (building on results from the areas of default reasoning and belief revision) for identifying maximal consistent subsets of a specification rendered inconsistent by a change step, with provision for retaining requirements that would be otherwise discarded, in anticipation of their future reuse. The paper identifies the need for consistent application of requirements rationale and provides support for this in the framework. While the problem of requirements evolution is intractable in the general case, tractable special cases exist within the framework. The paper also provides pointers to designing tools based on this framework.
Nucleic Acid Synthesis in Enlarged Hearts of Rats with Nutritional Anemia

Cardiac enlargement was produced in three groups of male rats by maintaining them on a diet low in iron. Hearts from anemic rats increased approximately 100% in weight compared to hearts from normal rats. When compared to control cardiac tissue, no consistent significant changes in the concentration of DNA, RNA, or protein occurred in any of the groups. The total amount of all three constituents increased significantly in the enlarged hearts; this increase was proportional to the degree of cardiac enlargement. The data indicate that nuclear and cytoplasmic material increased equally in cardiac enlargement due to nutritional anemia. This and other observations in the literature suggest hyperplasia as the most likely explanation.
Comparative studies on intramuscular and oral effective doses of some anticholinergic drugs.

Sixteen healthy volunteers received propantheline, methylscopolamine or butylscopolamine in oral as well as i.m. administration. After propantheline and methylscopolamine salivary secretion was found to be more influenced than the heart rate and the near point of accommodation. The relations between i.m. and oral doses producing comparable total effects on salivation were 1: 10 for propantheline and 1: 100 for methylscopolamine. After oral butylscopolamine in doses up to 480 mg no anticholinergic effects were observed. In contrast to the other compounds, i.m. butylscopolamine produced only transient effects and influenced mainly the near point of accommodation. It is concluded that presumably less than 10 per cent of methylscopolamine and probably only very little of butylscopolamine is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
Ethnic-Racial Differences in Psychological Stress Related to Gay Lifestyle among Hiv-Positive Men

To examine whether there were any ethnic-racial differences among 144 HIV-infected gay men (47 Caucasian, 48 African-American, and 49 Puerto Rican) on psychological stressors related to the gay lifestyle, responses to the Gay Lifestyle Hassles scale were analyzed. The African-American and Puerto Rican men reported significantly higher scores on frequency of Gay Lifestyle Hassles and cumulated severity of Gay Lifestyle Hassles over-all than Caucasian men. The results suggest that HIV-infected ethnic-minority gay men were more prone to psychological stress related to the gay lifestyle than HIV-infected Caucasian gay men, which may have negative consequences for their mental and physical health.
Assessing the effects of marine protected area (MPA) on a reef fish assemblage in a northwestern Mediterranean marine reserve: Identifying community-based indicators

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly envisaged as a tool to manage coastal ecosystems and fisheries. Assessment of their performance with respect to management objectives is therefore important. A number of MPAs provided conservation benefits for fished species. Observed benefits do not apply to all species at all times, and responses to protection are also highly variable among fish taxa. Among the many empirical studies on marine reserves, only a few designs considered ‘before and after data’ and spatial variation. In this paper, we are interested in assessing the effect of a no-take reserve on the reef fish assemblage in a northwestern Mediterranean example. Data were obtained from a three-year survey using underwater visual censuses (UVC), before and after MPA establishment. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) and multivariate regression trees (MRT) were used to evaluate the effects of reserve protection on the reef fish assemblage, while accounting for habitat. Modelled biological responses were abundances and diversity indices calculated at different levels of the assemblage. Significant effects were found for many of these metrics. In addition to PERMANOVA, univariate models provided more insight into the magnitude and direction of effects. The most sensitive metrics were related to large species and species targeted by fishing. These results may be used to choose the metrics that are more suitable as community-based indicators of MPA impact in the perspective of monitoring programs.
Posterior diaphragm agenesis: When liver simulates lungs

Ch á vez-Bueno S , Mej í as A , Merryman RA et al . 2007 . Intravenous palivizumab and ribavirin combination for respiratory syncytial virus disease in high-risk pediatric patients . Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 26 : 1089 – 1093 . Ergonul O. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever . 2006 . Lancet Infectious Diseases 6 : 203 – 214 . Izadi S , Salehi M . 2009 . Evaluation of the effi cacy of ribavirin therapy on survival of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever patients: a case-control study . Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 62 : 11 – 15 . Mardani M , Keshtkar-Jahromi M . 2007 . Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever . Archives of Iranian Medicine 10 : 204 – 214 . Money DM . 2003 . Antiviral and antiretroviral use in pregnancy . Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 30 : 731 – 749 . Paragas J , Whitehouse CA , Endy TP et al . 2004 . A simple assay for determining antiviral activity against Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus . Antiviral Research 62 : 21 – 25 .
DC, RF and noise figure analysis of p+ In0.2Ga0.8N cap gate AlGaN DH-HEMT

In this paper, to implement the normally-OFF HEMTs with a high threshold voltage (Vt) AlGaN HEMTs with a P+ InGaN cap layer is proposed. By polarization induced field in the InGaN cap layer, the conduction band is raised with a high Vt and a maximum Ion and much reduced Ioff for the device with a 1.4-μm long gate. A P + type InGaN gate transistor with AlGaN back-barrier/buffer can demonstrate the potential of DH-HEMTs with P+ InGaN cap for high voltage switching and microwave power applications.
Title : " I feel like half my body is clogged up " : Lay models of stroke in Central Aceh , Indonesia Names and institutional affiliations of all

1583, 2010. The published article is available at http://www.sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S027795361000643X. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Copyright @ 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Community based question answer detection

Each day, millions of people ask questions and search for answers on the World Wide Web. Due to this, the Internet has grown to a world wide database of questions and answers, accessible to almost everyone. Since this database is so huge, it is hard to find out whether a question has been answered or even asked before. As a consequence, users are asking the same questions again and again, producing a vicious circle of new content which hides the important information. One platform for questions and answers are Web forums, also known as discussion boards. They present discussions as item streams where each item contains the contribution of one author. These contributions contain questions and answers in human readable form. People use search engines to search for information on such platforms. However, current search engines are neither optimized to highlight individual questions and answers nor to show which questions are asked often and which ones are already answered. In order to close this gap, this thesis introduces the Effingo system. The Effingo system is intended to extract forums from around the Web and find question and answer items. It also needs to link equal questions and aggregate associated answers. That way it is possible to find out whether a question has been asked before and whether it has already been answered. Based on these information it is possible to derive the most urgent questions from the system, to determine which ones are new and which ones are discussed and answered frequently. As a result, users are prevented from creating useless discussions, thus reducing the server load and information overload for further searches. The first research area explored by this thesis is forum data extraction. The results from this area are intended be used to create a database of forum posts as large as possible. Furthermore, it uses question-answer detection in order to find out which forum items are questions and which ones are answers and, finally, topic detection to aggregate questions on the same topic as well as discover duplicate answers. These areas are either extended by Effingo, using forum specific features such as the user graph, forum item relations and forum link structure, or adapted as a means to cope with the specific problems created by user generated content. Such problems arise from poorly written and very short texts as well as from hidden or distributed information.
Development of Advanced High Lift Leading Edge Technology for Laminar Flow Wings

This paper describes the Advanced High Lift Leading Edge (AHLLE) task performed by Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation, Aerospace Systems (NGAS) for the NASA Subsonic Fixed Wing project in an effort to develop enabling high-lift technology for laminar flow wings. Based on a known laminar cruise airfoil that incorporated an NGAS-developed integrated slot design, this effort involved using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis and quality function deployment (QFD) analysis on several leading edge concepts, and subsequently down-selected to two blown leading-edge concepts for testing. A 7-foot-span AHLLE airfoil model was designed and fabricated at NGAS and then tested at the NGAS 7 x 10 Low Speed Wind Tunnel in Hawthorne, CA. The model configurations tested included: baseline, deflected trailing edge, blown deflected trailing edge, blown leading edge, morphed leading edge, and blown/morphed leading edge. A successful demonstration of high lift leading edge technology was achieved, and the target goals for improved lift were exceeded by 30% with a maximum section lift coefficient (Cl) of 5.2. Maximum incremental section lift coefficients ( Cl) of 3.5 and 3.1 were achieved for a blown drooped (morphed) leading edge concept and a non-drooped leading edge blowing concept, respectively. The most effective AHLLE design yielded an estimated 94% lift improvement over the conventional high lift Krueger flap configurations while providing laminar flow capability on the cruise configuration.
Saponin content of food plants and some prepared foods.

Quantitative thin layer chromatography was used to estimate the saponin content of 20 common food plants and also of foods prepared from some of them. The food plants found to be richest in saponins were chickpeas (Cicer arietinum), soya beans (Glycine max), lucerne (alfalfa) sprouts (Medicago sativa) and varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris (navy beans, haricot beans, kidney beans). Saponins were not destroyed by processing or cooking. They were present in falafels (prepared from chickpeas), canned baked beans, canned broad beans and protein isolate from faba beans. However, the saponin content of a fermented soya bean product (tempe) was only half that of whole soya beans. Guar meal (Cyamopsis tetragonolobus) contains saponins but only a trace could be detected in samples of guar gum.