Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CLINICAL INVESTIGATION OF HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECT OF LEAVES OF MANGIFERA INIDCA IN TYPE-2 (NIDDM) DIABETES MELL1TUS

The present study was designed to investigate clinically the hypoglycemic effect of leaves of Mangifera indica in Type-2 diabetes mellitus. After assaying fasting plasma and urinary glucose, 10 patients of type-2 diabetes mellitus with no previous medication, 10 patients of type-2 diabetes mellitus taking oral hypoglycemic agents with history of inadequate control and six control subjects were given low (0.5 g/kg/d in two divide doses) and high (1 g/kg/d in two divided doses) doses of powdered part, aqueous extract and alcoholic extract of leaves of Mangifera indica for 14 days. On 15 th day blood and urine samples for glucose were taken. Based on results obtained it was found that Mangifera indica has significant hypoglycemic activity in high dose and can be successfully combined with oral hypoglycemic agents in type-2 diabetic patients whose diabetes is not controlled by these agents.
Joint Source Channel Coding with MIMO MC-CDMA for Efficient Communication

The inclusion of joint source and channel coding (JSCC) in the same processing block decreases the system complexity and reduces the cost and overall processing period as compared to the use of separate source and channel coding techniques. The perfect combination of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with code division multiple access (CDMA) that yields multi carrier (MC)-CDMA (MC-CDMA) can increase the channel capacity with the division of available bandwidth into many narrow bands. Multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology is known to improve the capacity and throughput significantly of wireless systems. In this paper, we analyze the performance of MC-CDMA techniques with JSCC in 2*2 MIMO set-up which reduce the data loss during recovery and increase the channel capacity. Lossless data compression and reliable data delivery are the aims of JSCC with greater link reliability and better capacity. We combine JSCC and Fountain coding together with MC-CDMA and deploy it over a MIMO arrangement to see the performance difference. The primary objective of our system with JSCC, MC-CDMA and MIMO is to reduce the system complexity, obtain better link reliability with higher gain in capacity.
Online Multi-Object Tracking With GMPHD Filter and Occlusion Group Management

In this paper, we propose an efficient online multi-object tracking method based on the Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density (GMPHD) filter and occlusion group management scheme where a hierarchical data association is utilized for the GMPHD filter to reduce the false negatives caused by missed detection. The hierarchical data association consisting of two modules, detection-to-track and track-to-track associations, can recover the lost tracks and their switched IDs. In addition, the proposed grouping management scheme handles occlusion problems with two main parts. The first part, “track merging” can merge the false positive tracks caused by false positive detections from occlusions. The occlusion of the false positive tracks is usually measured with some metric. In this research, we define the occlusion measure between visual objects, as sum-of-intersection-over-each-area (SIOA) instead of the commonly used intersection-over-union (IOU). The second part, “occlusion group energy minimization (OGEM)” prevents the occluded true positive tracks from false “track merging”. Each group of the occluded objects is expressed with an energy function and an optimal hypothesis will be obtained by minimizing the energy. We evaluate the proposed tracker in benchmarks such as MOT15 and MOT17 which are public datasets for multi-person tracking. An ablation study in training dataset reveals not only that “track merging” and “OGEM” complement each other, but also that the proposed tracking method shows more robust performance and less sensitiveness than baseline methods. Also, the tracking performance with SIOA is better than that with IOU for various sizes of false positives. Experimental results show that the proposed tracker efficiently handles occlusion situations and achieves competitive performance compared to the state-of-the-art methods. In fact, our method shows the best multi-object tracking accuracy among the online and real-time executable methods.
Tutor Experiences with Facilitating Interprofessional Problem-Based Learning

Background: This article describes tutors’ experiences with facilitating interprofessional problem-based learning (iPBL), a topic rarely discussed in the literature. We examined tutors’ perceptions of what it was like to tutor iPBL, including the rewarding and challenging aspects. We also reported differences between new and experienced tutors. Methods and Findings: The data presented in this article were collected using three versions of a paper-and-pencil survey (N = 77, N = 99, and N = 97 for each version of the survey, respectively) and six focus groups. Surveys were completed at the conclusion of iPBL modules. Both quantitative and qualitative results indicated that tutors found the experience of facilitating iPBL to be rewarding and encountered few challenges. Tutors felt the training they received prepared them well to tutor. They also felt that facilitating iPBL increased their knowledge in the topic area of the iPBL module and of other professional roles, that it enhanced their skills as facilitators, and that they enjoyed observing students learn. New tutors reported significantly more learning and skill development than experienced tutors. Conclusions: Four lessons were derived from our research: 1) use iPBL to offer IPE; 2) invest in tutor training and support; 3) help tutors trust the process; and 4) consider tutor recruitment and retention strategies.
Development of an Online Home Appliance Control System Using Augmented Reality and an SSVEP-Based Brain–Computer Interface

In this study, we implemented a new home appliance control system by combining electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI), augmented reality (AR), and internet of things (IoT) technologies. We adopted a steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based BCI paradigm for the implementation of a fast and robust BCI system. In the offline experiment, we compared the performances of three BCIs adopting different types of visual stimuli in an AR environment to determine the optimal visual stimulus. In the online experiment, we evaluated the feasibility of the proposed smart home system using the optimal stimulus by controlling three home appliances in real time. The visual stimuli were presented on a see-through head-mounted display (HMD), while the recorded brain activity was analyzed to classify the control command, and the home appliances were controlled through IoT. In the offline experiment, a grow/shrink stimulus (GSS) consisting of a star-shaped flickering object of varying size was selected as the optimal stimulus, eliciting SSVEP responses more effectively than the other options. In the online experiment, all users could turn the BCI-based control system on/off whenever they wanted using the eye-blinking-based electrooculogram (EOG) switch, and could successfully perform all the designated control tasks without difficulty. The average classification accuracy of the SSVEP-BCI-based control system was 92.8%, with an information transfer rate (ITR) of 37.4 bits/min. The proposed system exhibited an excellent performance, surpassing the best results reported in previous studies regarding external device control based on BCI using an HMD as rendering device.
A review of the healing processes in equine superficial digital flexor tendinopathy

Summary Tendinopathy is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in athletic and aged horses. These injuries require prolonged convalescence and heal by the formation of scar tissue instead of neo-tendon, predisposing to reinjury. This article reviews the biological processes involved in tendon healing and their implications for clinical practice to improve future treatment of these injuries.
Learning in hospital settings

The study that this article is based on was designed to portray and assess the appropriateness of the learning environment in hospital settings for Resident Medical Officers (RMOs) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. It included visits to selected hospitals and a mailed statewide survey of RMOs. This article focuses on the latter component of the study, the survey of 209 RMOs practicing during the last quarter of 1992 in various clinical rotations in NSW hospitals. The study lends support to the perceived importance of organizational and sociopsychological variables as determinants of learning. These attributes include appropriate levels of autonomy, variety and workload, quality of supervision and social support, and, most important, the overall orientation toward teaching and learning, reflecting the culture prevailing in the clinical unit. The study provided an inventory of learning opportunities and their usefulness for the training of RMOs. It also explored the opportunity to practice particular pro.
Path Loss at 5 GHz and 31 GHz for Two Distinct Indoor Airport Settings

Vehicular and indoor communications continue to grow. This pertains to applications in aviation as well, which is also experiencing rapid growth. Since a pre-requisite to reliable communication link design is accurate knowledge of the wireless channel, research on channel models for these environments is an active area of study, and this is the topic of this paper. In this work, we report on measurement and model results for propagation path loss in two indoor airport environments, in two frequency bands. The first environment is a typical small terminal building, with characteristics similar to indoor offices, and the second is a more unusual aircraft maintenance hangar. The hangar is a crowded environment with multiple aircraft and metallic objects. Our results are for both the 30 GHz band (specifically 31 GHz), which is being investigated for future 5th generation cellular and other applications, and for the 5 GHz band, for a comparison. Our results show that the airport terminal building exhibits path loss characteristics very similar to those of an indoor office environment, at both frequencies, and this is largely as expected. In contrast, the maintenance hangar path loss is less than that of non-line of sight terminal building regions, somewhat unexpectedly. We attribute this to the highly reflective hangar environment, which serves to compensate for reduced diffraction and increased blockage losses at 31 GHz.
Dietary patterns in a rural area of Ghana and their relevance for vitamin a consumption

This paper discusses results from research conducted on food acquisition, preparation and consumption patterns in Kintampo District, Brong Ahafo Region, Ghana. The research was conducted as part of a larger project aimed at identifying appropriate strategies for improving consumption of vitamin A among children and pregnant women. This paper focuses on describing the context in which inadequate consumption of vitamin A occurs. The research consisted of open‐ended interviews with key informants, observations of meal preparation, spot‐check observations of meal ingredients, and market inventories. The study found that: (1) a variety of vitamin A rich foods are available in Kintampo District (2) there are few cultural beliefs that limit consumption of these foods; and (3) adequate consumption of vitamin A rich foods is hindered by the cost and seasonality of these foods, as well as by local cooking, storage and preservation techniques. Based on study findings, recommendations are made concerning potential in.
Double burden of disease in the slums of Kenya

The goal of this thesis was to provide evidence of a double burden of disease in the slums of Nairobi and to make a case for an integrated health systems approach to tackling this situation. A double burden of disease refers to the coexistence of a high burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases in the same population. An integrated health system is one that is responsive to the burden of disease in any setting whether communicable or non-communicable. So why focus on slums? Because slums populations have experienced rapid growth over the last two decades and can therefore no longer be ignored. The thesis found that although mortality due to important communicable diseases like HIV/AIDS appears to be on a downward trend in Nairobi’s slums possibly due to scale up of public health interventions such as antiretroviral therapy, they still account for the majority of premature deaths. At the same time, certain risk factors for non-communicable diseases like hypertension, diabetes and obesity are relatively common in the slums while awareness, treatment and control of these risk factors remain dismally low. This thesis also demonstrated that it is possible to implement interventions for some non-communicable diseases risk factors at reasonable costs even in such a low-resource and marginalized setting. Overall, this thesis recommends that an integrated health systems approach including addressing key social determinants of health in slum populations such as poverty and lack of education will be critical to tackling the double burden of disease in the slums of Kenya.
Probabilistic Tensor Train Decomposition

The tensor train decomposition (TTD) has become an attractive decomposition approach due to its ease of inference by use of the singular value decomposition and flexible yet compact representations enabling efficient computations and reduced memory usage using the TTD representation for further analyses. Unfortunately, the level of complexity to use and the order in which modes should be decomposed using the TTD is unclear. We advance TTD to a fully probabilistic TTD (PTTD) using variational Bayesian inference to account for parameter uncertainty and noise. In particular, we exploit that the PTTD enables model comparisons by use of the evidence lower bound (ELBO) of the variational approximation. On synthetic data with ground truth structure and a real 3-way fluorescence spectroscopy dataset, we demonstrate how the ELBO admits quantification of model specification not only in terms of numbers of components for each factor in the TTD, but also a suitable order of the modes in which the TTD should be employed. The proposed PTTD provides a principled framework for the characterization of model uncertainty, complexity, and model- and mode-order when compressing tensor data using the TTD.
Etiological Spectrum of Exudative Pleural Effusion in a Tertiary Care Hospital Based on Closed Pleural Biopsy

Results: Out of 100 patients, 60(60%) and 40(40%) were male and female, respectively. The most commonly affected age group was 30 to 65 years (mean 47.5 years). Histopathology revealed the cause in 81(81%) cases. Tuberculosis, malignancy and non specific inflammation were seen in 53%, 28% and 19% cases respectively. Those with nonspecific inflammation were further investigated accordingly. Conclusion: Tuberculosis is the most common cause of exudative pleural effusion followed by malignancy in our set up. The role of closed pleural biopsy in cases of exudative pleural effusion is still pivotal as it yields a specific diagnosis in image of cases. This of particular importance in our set up where the facilities of thoracoscopy and imaging guided cutting needle biopsies are not easily available. Pleural biopsy is safe and should be routine complimentary diagnostic procedure in patients with exudative pleural effusion.
A New Look at UAV Channel Modeling: A Long Tail of LoS Probability

Accurate channel modelling is crucial for network performance analysis, particularly when considering unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Measurement campaigns involving UAVs have shown that the path loss between UAVs and terrestrial base stations (BSs) is highly dependent on the UAV height, rendering previous line-of-sight (LoS) probability models inaccurate. In this paper, the coverage probability, average ergodic rate and area spectral efficiency are theoretically investigated based on a more realistic channel model, with height dependent LoS probabilities. Our results show that the long tail of the LoS probability function in UAV networks has an important performance impact on sparse networks where the BS density is low. Our new findings also show that the coverage of UAV-enabled networks may continuously decrease with the UAV density, since the LoS probability slowly declines with the link range.
Multilevel Installation Based on Voltage Source Inverters Controlled by Synchronous Multi-Zone PWM

Method of synchronous space-vector modulation, based on direct representation of pulse patterns of voltage source inverters as function of the fundamental and switching frequencies of inverters, has been applied for adjustment of both standard three-phase inverters and diode-clamped inverters of a modular converter consisting of three voltage source inverters and multi-winding transformer. Scheme of synchronous modulation is based in this case on concept of multi-zone control, which includes continuous determination of boundary frequencies between control sub-zones (on the axis of the fundamental frequency of installation), and on alternative control correlations for determination of the pulse patterns. Systems controlled by some basic versions of synchronous pulsewidth modulation (PWM) have been investigated. The analyzed control and modulation strategies have been verified by numerical simulations.
Ant Colony Optimization of Licklider Transmission Protocol Based on Unequal Error Protection Fountain Code

Licklider Transmission Protocol (LTP) based on Fountain code can solve the problem of repeated retransmission and huge delay caused by Automatic Repeat-reQuest (ARQ), but cannot provide the unequal error protection (UEP) for different reliability requirements of the red data and green data in LTP. Therefore, LTP based on UEP fountain code (UEP LTP) is proposed and optimized by using ant colony optimization (ACO). Firstly, a coding method of UEP LTP is obtained by studying LTP and fountain encoding principle, which determines selection probability of first window is the key factor affecting the performance of UEP LTP. Then, ACO principle is studied and improved, and the ACO model of UEP LTP is established. Combined with and-or tree analysis, the optimal selection probability curve of first window and optimal LTP bit error performance are obtained. ACO and and-or tree simulation results show that UEP LTP has excellent UEP performance by using optimal selection probability curve of first window. The theoretical error rate of red data can reach 10−11.5057 when green data is 10−3.9978.
Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a treatable lesion with variable outcomes

Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is defined clinically by the presence of proteinuria, often in the nephrotic range, and pathologically by segmental glomerular scars, involving some but not all glomeruli. The clinical implications of this lesion were first appreciated by Rich in 1957. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was initially distinguished from minimal change disease, the commonest cause of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children, by haematuria, hypertension and renal insufficiency at presentation, poor response to steroid therapy and a progressive course to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Subsequently, the same lesion was demonstrated in adults with proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome. Although an identical glomerular lesion with a presentation indistinguishable from primary FSGS occurs in a number of clinical settings, the pathogenesis and treatment of these disorders may differ significantly. Thus, secondary causes (Table 1) must be excluded before making the diagnosis of primary FSGS. Primary FSGS accounts for 7–20% of glomerular lesions seen in proteinuric children and adults, and the prevalence of this lesion in black patients (36–80%) is two to four times the prevalence found in white patients (14–24%). The incidence of primary FSGS has increased twoto threefold over the last 20 years, and this increase is caused, in part, by the inclusion of a spectrum of glomerular lesions or ‘variants’ under the diagnosis of primary FSGS. The progressive nature of primary FSGS and its high recurrence rate in transplanted kidneys has led to an increasing interest in the therapeutic approach to patients with this lesion. More than 40 years after the original description of this clinicopathological entity, our knowledge of the presentation and response to treatment in primary FSGS is based almost entirely on retrospective analyses. However, from this growing experience we have gained important insights into the therapeutic response and prognosis of primary FSGS.
Inferring and Modeling Migration Flows Using Mobile Phone Network Data

Estimating migration flows and forecasting future trends is important, both to understand the causes and effects of migration and to implement policies directed at supplying particular services. Over the years, less research has been done on modeling migration flows than the efforts allocated to modeling other flow types, for instance, commute. Limited data availability has been one of the major impediments for empirical analyses and for theoretical advances in the modeling of migration flows. As a migration trip takes place much less frequent compared to the commute, it requires a longitudinal set of data for the analysis. This study makes use a massive mobile phone network data to infer migration trips and their distribution. Insightful characteristics of the inferred migration trips are revealed, such as intra/inter-district migration flows, migration distance distribution, and origin-destination (O-D) movements. For migration trip distribution modelling, log-linear model, traditional gravity model, and recently introduced radiation model were examined with different approaches taken in defining parameters for each model. As the result, the gravity and log-linear models with a direct distance (displacement) used as its travel cost and district centroids used as the reference points perform best among the other alternative models. A radiation model that considers district population performs best among the radiation models, but worse than that of the gravity and log-linear models.
A Real-Time Fast Ethernet Transceiver achieving Sub-ns Time Synchronization

This work demonstrates sub-ns time synchronization implemented in a real-time Fast Ethernet physical layer (PHY) chip. The chip is fabricated in a 180 nm technology of GLOBALFOUNDRIES. The PHY supports timestamping of ingress and egress frames with a resolution of 500 ps. Measurement results demonstrate the synchronization between two PHYs connected by up to 100 m long category 5 unshielded twisted pair cables. The time difference has a standard deviation of only 176 ps and a mean offset of 50.4 ps. Asymmetries in the cable are compensated by a simple calibration algorithm that is run at startup of the link within 1s.
Identification of Vector Autoregressive Models with Granger and Stability Constraints

In this work, we introduce an iterative method for the estimation of vector autoregressive (VAR) models with Granger and stability constraints. When the order of the model $(p)$ and the Granger sparsity pattern (GSP) are not known, the newly proposed method is integrated in a two-stage approach. An information theoretic (IT) criterion is used in the first stage for selecting the value of p. In the second stage, a set of possible candidates for GSP are produced by applying the Wald test, and the best one is chosen with an IT criterion. In experiments with synthetic data, we demonstrate that our method yields more accurate forecasts than the state-of-art algorithm that is based on convex optimization and fits models which are guaranteed to be stable.