Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combined effects of an antifouling biocide and nutrient status on a shallow-water microbenthic community

The complex systems of shallow-water sediments are today subjected to varying nutri- ent inputs combined with other anthropogenic stressors, such as toxicants. The effects of differences in nutrient status of the sediment combined with short-term, low-level exposure to the anti-fouling biocide copper pyrithione (CPT) were studied in a 38 d experiment using intact sediment in a flow- through mesocosm system. Abundance and diversity of microphytobenthos, bacteria and meiofauna were assessed together with sediment-water oxygen and nutrient fluxes (day and night) and denitri- fication. More effects were found for the sediment with higher nutrient status, but these combined effects could not be predicted by adding the separate effects of nutrients and CPT observed for the sediment with low nutrient status. Biomass and diversity of microphytobenthos increased later on in the experiment due to CPT exposure, as did bacterial activity and abundance. CPT exposure also increased the proportion of nematodes in the meiofauna. Generally, prokaryotic functions appeared more affected by CPT exposure than eukaryotic. Differences in the response of functional variables suggest that eukaryotic photoautotrophs possess a higher functional redundancy than heterotrophs. Among nutrient fluxes the nitrogen cycling was affected through changed rates of ammonium flux and denitrification. The integrated analyses show a clearer effect of CPT on the community structure under low-nutrient status, while CPT affected the community function more in the high-nutrient system. All treatments show convergence of function, in both light and dark, towards the end of the experiment, whereas the structure remained separated due to the nutrient regime.
On the relative impact of subgrid‐scale modelling and conjugate heat transfer in LES of hot jets in cross‐flow over cold plates

This work describes numerical simulations of a hot jet in cross‐flow with applications to anti‐ice systems of aircraft engine nacelles. Numerical results are compared with experimental measurements obtained at ONERA to evaluate the performances of LES in this industrial context. The combination of complex geometries requiring unstructured meshes and high Reynolds number does not allow the resolution of boundary layers so that wall models must be employed. In this framework, the relative influence of subgrid‐scale modelling and conjugate heat transfer in LESs of aerothermal flows is evaluated. After a general overview of the transverse jet simulation results, a LES coupled with a heat transfer solver in the walls is used to show that thermal boundary conditions at the wall have more influence on the results than subgrid scale models. Coupling fluid flow and heat transfer in solids simulations is the only method to specify their respective thermal boundary conditions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Water restriction in goats during hot-dry season in the humid tropics: feed intake and weight gain

Twelve non-pregnant female goats (West African Dwarf, WAD and Red Sokoto, RS) were used to investigate the effect of volumetric (0%, 33% and 67%) water restriction on feed intake and weight gain over a period of eight weeks. The goats are of 2 age groups: younger and older than 1 year. The experiment was arranged in a modified cross-over design with three treatment periods of 1 week each. In-between each treatment period was a 2-week wash-out period, when the effect of the previous was expected to have worn off. The average water intake (WI) was determined for the first 7 days of the experiment when all the animals were given water ad libitum. The 3 treatments were: (i) ad libitum supply of water every day; (ii) 33% reduction from average WI; and (iii) 67% reduction. Water drunk had positive and significant (p 1 year old; r= 0.615). All the four classes of goats showed positive highly significant (p 1 year old) and RS ( 1 year old goats).
A Color-locus Method for Mapping RV Using Ensembles of Stars

We present a simple but effective technique for measuring angular variation in RV across the sky. We divide stars from the Pan-STARRS1 catalog into Healpix pixels and determine the posterior distribution of reddening and RV for each pixel using two independent Monte Carlo methods. We find the two methods to be self-consistent in the limits where they are expected to perform similarly. We also find some agreement with high-precision photometric studies of RV in Perseus and Ophiuchus, as well as with a map of reddening near the Galactic plane based on stellar spectra from APOGEE. While current studies of RV are mostly limited to isolated clouds, we have developed a systematic method for comparing RV values for the majority of observable dust. This is a proof of concept for a more rigorous Galactic reddening map.
The Socio-Communicational Style and the Need for Supervision of Professionals from the Social Services (English version)

The present paper aims to make an analysis of the way supervision is perceived in the Romanian professional community working with people in difficulty. Defining supervision includes four dimensions: a professional view, in which supervision is seen as a part of the integration process and professional development; a social support dimension; a third emphasizes learning, supervision as education, teaching; and the last dimension is that of control. In this study we performed a research on professionals involved in supervision: psychologists and social workers. Our findings show that education is the best accepted way of seeing supervision, while that of control is the most rejected one. A huge majority 94.5% of the investigated professionals appreciate the role of supervision. Approximately 50% of the subjects see the supervisor as educator. Professional development and professional learning are seen as the advantages of supervision.
Stereotyping in Graduate Education: An Insight of Women's Participation in Malaysia

An equal access to the higher education in terms of gender has been successfully promoted in Malaysia. An increasing number of women succeeded in having secured places and graduating from local private and public universities in this country. This shows that more and more women have gone through higher education, and a significant number of them are now holding high posts both in the private and the public sectors. This is the result of various government policies n human capital development. Consequently, the previously ‘denied’ right of women to higher education because of gender is now a history in this country and more women are pursuing graduate education. This paper attempts to analyze an involvement of women in higher education in Malaysia with particular reference to graduate study in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. The study shows an increasing interest and access to programs related to sciences and technical field by women, as opposed to the art and education which were previously associated with women. This trend signals a positive development of women’s involvement in higher education in preparing knowledgeable human resources to the nation, and thus provides a strong support to the women empowering strategy in Malaysia.
The Effect of Nordic Pole Walking on Chronic Low Back, Hip, and/or Knee Pain on Walking and on Distance Walked - A Prospective Community Study in Ambulatory People Over Age 60

Background: The role of Nordic Walking in alleviation of low back, hip and knee pain while walking is still uncertain. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Nordic Walking on pain on walking and on distance walked in elderly people with chronic low back, hip and/or knee pain. Methods: Participants included 100 ambulatory people aged 60 plus with chronic low back, hip, and/ or knee pain while walking (mean duration of pain 11.7±13.2 years) who were taught Nordic Walking. Severity of pain during walking and the maximum distance they were able to walk were assessed before starting and again after 1, 6 and 12 weeks of Nordic Walking. A Visual Analogue Scale was used to assess the severity of pain, with zero being no pain and 10 being very severe pain. Distance walked was estimated by each person. Results: Ninety one participants continued to use the poles for the entire 12 week period and the other nine dropped out because they felt they were not receiving sufficient pain relief with them. Of the ninety one participants, the mean estimated walking distance at baseline before Nordic Walking was 504.7 ± 591.4 meters (m), 1521.5± 817.7 m after one week of Nordic Walking, 1778.3 ± 885.7 m after 6 weeks and 1851.7 ± 940.0 m after 12 weeks. The differences between estimated walking distances between 1, 6 and 12 weeks were all significantly different from baseline, p
The star cluster – field star connection in nearby spiral galaxies - II. Field star and cluster formation histories and their relation

Context. Recent studies have started to cast doubt on the assumption that most stars are formed in clusters. Observational studies of field stars and star cluster systems in nearby galaxies can lead to better constraints on the fraction of stars forming in clusters. Ultimately this may lead to a better understanding of star formation in galaxies, and galaxy evolution in general. Aims. We aim to constrain the amount of star formation happening in long-lived clusters for four galaxies through the homogeneous, simultaneous study of field stars and star clusters. Methods. Using HST/ACS and HST/WFPC2 images of the galaxies NGC 45, NGC 1313, NGC 5236, and NGC 7793, we estimate star formation histories by means of the synthetic CMD method. Masses and ages of star clusters are estimated using simple stellar population model fitting. Comparing observed and modeled luminosity functions, we estimate cluster formation rates. By randomly sampling the stellar initial mass function (SIMF), we construct artificial star clusters and quantify how stochastic effects influence cluster detection, integrated colors, and age estimates. Results. Star formation rates appear to be constant over the past 10 7 −10 8 years within the fields covered by our observations. The number of clusters identified per galaxy varies, with a few detected massive clusters (M ≥ 10 5 M� ) and a few older than 1 Gyr. Among our sample of galaxies, NGC 5236 and NGC 1313 show high star and cluster formation rates, while NGC 7793 and NGC 45 show lower values. We find that stochastic sampling of the SIMF has a strong impact on the estimation of ages, colors, and completeness for clusters with masses ≤10 3 −10 4 M� , while the effect is less pronounced for high masses. Stochasticity also makes size measurements highly uncertain at young ages (τ 10 8 yr), making it difficult to distinguish between clusters and stars based on sizes. Conclusions. The ratio of star formation happening in clusters (Γ) compared to the global star formation appears to vary for different galaxies. We find similar values to previous studies (Γ ≈ 2%‐10%), but we find no obvious relation between Γ and the star formation ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐
Associated kernel discriminant analysis for multivariate mixed data

Associated kernels have been introduced to improve the classical (symmetric) continuous kernels for smoothing any functional on several kinds of supports such as bounded continuous and discrete sets. In this paper, an associated kernel for discriminant analysis with multivariate mixed variables is proposed. These variables are of three types: continuous, categorical and count. The method consists of using a product of adapted univariate associated kernels and an estimate of the misclassication rate. A new prole version cross-validation procedure of bandwidth matrices selection is introduced for multivariate mixed data, while a classical cross-validation is used for homogeneous data sets having the same reference measures. Simulations and validation results show the relevance of the proposed method. The method has been validated on real coronary heart disease data in comparison to the classical kernel discriminant analysis.
Interfirm cooperation and uncertainty: a study in the ICT Industry

In this empirical study, I take the perspective of the firm in order to explore and understand forming and configuring interfirm cooperation, applying a firm? s alliance portfolio approach. The majority of studies have found interfirm cooperation to be crucial for acquiring resources, increasing firms? performance, and building competitive advantages, especially in the most globalized industries, knowledge- and technology-intensive and characterized by a high level of uncertainty. Many studies have explored the impact of alliance portfolio configuration on firms? characteristics. However, little attention has been focused thus far on phenomena of alliance portfolio forming or its impact on portfolio configuration. In order to fill this gap, I applied a mixed method approach, including a multi-site study, and analyzed the phenomena of alliance portfolio forming in 26 ICT firms.The results indicate that, in the same institutional environment, firms conduct various cooperation strategies and create different alliance portfolios. The major reason for this is the different approaches to uncertainty and trust. The results show that initial trust is a crucial factor influencing firms? ability to take advantage of uncertainty. Moreover, a higher ability to take advantage of uncertainty? namely, trusting instead of applying calculative uncertainty reduction mechanisms in forming interfirm relationships? is a major factor distinguishing the hyper-growth firms from the remaining ordinary analyzed firms. The results contribute to the understanding of approaches to uncertainty and types of trust in forming firms? alliance portfolios as well as understanding factors? other than institutional ones? behind firms? cooperation strategies.
Locating home: Newcomer youths’ school and community engagement

This study explored how diversity among newcomer youth may explain differences in engagement and school success. Youth identifying fear-based reasons for relocation reported being less involved within their schools than those who identified social mobility. In fear-based relocation, youth often viewed Canada as a temporary place to live and gain transportable skills, leading to less school and community engagement. Clearly, as youth approach and connect with school in different ways, understanding the motivations behind youths’ varied levels of engagement could assist school personnel in contextualizing engagement according to youths’ goals. Policy implications are discussed. Keywords: newcomer youth, school and community engagement, motivation for relocation, educational challenges, diversity
Determinants of Internal Audit Effectiveness and Implication on Corruption Prevention in The Religious Ministry

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of auditor competence, independence of internal audit organization, relationship between internal and external auditors, management support to the effectiveness of internal audit, and the effect of internal audit effectiveness on the corruption in Inspectorate General of Ministry of Religious Affairs RI involving 152 respondents. The analysis method employed PLS (Partial Least Square) by utilizing SmartPLS 2.0 software. The result of the research shows that there is positive influence of the auditor competence, independence of internal audit organization, relationship between the internal and external auditors, and management support to the effectiveness of internal audit. This study proves that the effectiveness of internal audit tends to decrease corruption. In addition, this study also supports the Inspectorate General of Ministry of Religious Affairs as part of the governance of Kemenag organizations can help fight corruption.
Biosorption Of Heavy Metals By Biomass Of Enterobacter Cloacae Isolated From Metal-Polluted Soils

Heavy metal resistant bacteria were isolated from SIPCOT industrial effluent, Cuddalore. Their maximum tolerable concentration (MTC) was calculated. 7 strains were identified based on MTC. Among the 7 strains, most potential strain E.cloacae AB6 was identified by 16s rRNA sequencing. Biosorption potential of E.cloacae was tested against Pb(II), Cu(II), Cr(VI), Hg(II) and Cd(II). The maximum biosorption capacities of biomass E.cloacae AB6 for Pb(II), Cd(II), Cr(II), Hg(II) and Cu(II) ions were determined as 65.68% at 200 mgl −1 , 56.56% at 150 mgl −1 , 54.28% at 100 mgl −1 ,45.57% at 100mg l −1 and 74.46 % at 300 mgl −1 of initial metal
Macroinvertebrate community structure along gradients of hydraulic and sedimentary conditions in a large gravel-bed river

SUMMARY 1. The spatial distribution of macroinvertebrate species was examined in relation to hydraulic and sedimentary conditions in a large gravel-bed river, the Fraser River, Canada. Mean annual discharge in the Fraser River is 2900 m 3 s 1 and annual flood discharge, due to snowmelt in May and June, averages 8760 m 3 s 1 . 2. Invertebrates were sampled from four water depths (0.2, 0.5, 1.5, 3.0 m) at various levels of discharge that together captured the spatial and temporal variability of the physical habitat. Several hydraulic (near-bed shear velocity, Boundary Reynolds number, turbulence intensity, depth-averaged velocity, Froude number, Reynolds number) and substratum variables (mean grain size, Trask’s sorting coefficient, Nikuradse’s roughness, percentage of fine sediment, and Shields entrainment function) were measured for each sample of macroinvertebrates. Concentrations of fine and coarse particulate organic matter were also assessed. 3. The physical habitat was characterized by a major gradient of hydraulic conditions that corresponded positively with increasing water depth and accounted for 52% of the total variation in the habitat data. Substratum conditions and the concentration of organic matter explained 24% of the total variation in the habitat data. 4. The distribution of invertebrates was correlated significantly with hydraulic variables and suggests that hydraulic conditions represent a major physical gradient along which the benthic community is organized. The distribution of organic matter and substratum texture were also important for some species. The spatial distribution of most species reflected morphological and trophic suitability to particular habitat conditions. 5. Hydraulic stress associated with foraging and maintaining position, as well as organic matter retention in coarse substrata, are probable mechanisms affecting the spatial distribution of macroinvertebrates.
Genetic Analysis of Several Economically Important Disease Traits in German Holstein Cows

present study several disease categories were analysed. Data recording ends after 50, 100, or 300 days in milk. Furthermore, the impact of increasing numbers of daughters per sire (improved genetic structure of the data) was examined and genetic correlations between disease categories were estimated. Diseases were clustered into fertility diseases, udder diseases, metabolic diseases, and claw and leg diseases. In addition, all diseases were analysed simultaneously. Frequencies of the disease categories were moderately high and vary between 7% and 78%. The most frequent disease categories were fertility diseases and udder diseases. Heritabilities for all diseases varied between 0.03 and 0.05, and were 0.02 to 0.05 for fertility diseases, 0.06 to 0.08 for udder diseases, 0.08 to 0.16 for metabolic diseases, and 0.01 to 0.03 for claw and leg diseases, respectively. The genetic correlation between disease categories ranged from - 0.18 to 0.82.
The vulnerability to exploitation of women migrant workers in agriculture in the EU: the need for a Human Rights and Gender based approach

This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the Committee on Women’s Rights and Gender Equality, explores the working conditions of migrant women in agriculture in the EU, focusing on some case studies in Italy and Spain. In particular, it aims to examine the factors that render women vulnerable to exploitation, paying attention to gendered dynamics and power relations. The study contends that to prevent and combat exploitation in agriculture it is necessary to implement concerted actions aimed at tackling, from a human rights and gender perspective, the structural factors of a socio-economic system which fosters and relies on workers’ vulnerability.
Miocene Evaporates in Red Sea Cores, Their Relevance to the Problem of the Width and Age of Oceanic Crust beneath the Red Sea

Although it is generally accepted that the deep axiaL trough of the Red Sea has been formed by sea-floor spreading, there are considerable doubts and conflicting views on how the remainder of the Red Sea has been formed. The problem is heightened by the finding of early Pliocene sediments and late Miocene evaporites (older than 5 m.y.) at DSDP Sites 227 and 228 near the axial trough (Figure 1) where the age of the underlying oceanic crust predicted from magnetic anomalies is much younger (less than 2.5 m.y.)! There are currently three views on the amount of oceanic crust beneath the Red Sea: (1) only the axial trough is underlain by oceanic crust (Girdler, 1958; Drake and Girdler, 1964; Hutchinson and Engels, 1970, 1972; Lowell and Genik, 1972; Ross and Schlee, in press); (2) the whole of the Red Sea was formed by sea-floor spreading (McKenzie et al., 1970); and (3) a compromise view that considerably more than the axial trough but not the whole of the Red Sea is underlain by oceanic crust (Girdler, 1966, 1970; Girdler and Darracott, 1972). This last is strongly dependent on the measured shear along the Dead Sea rift (Freund et al., 1970) and the positions of the 500-fathom isobaths in the northern Red Sea. The findings at Sites 227 and 228 seem, on first sight, not to favor the second and third views because of the conflict of ages noted above. On the other hand, in recent years, evidence has been increasing for a much greater separation of Arabia from Africa than just the width of the Red Sea axial trough. This contribution examines the case for greater separation and attempts to give an explanation for the presence of "older" sediments resting on "newer" oceanic crust at Sites 227 and 228.