Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sleep Quality in Adolescents: What's Discriminates Good from Poor Sleepers?

Background: The study focused on discriminating adolescents with good versus poor sleep quality. Method: The sample consisted of 272 adolescents and a transversal design was used. The instruments assessed socio-demographic data, psychological morbidity, sleep quality, family sleep behavior, excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep habits and social skills. Results: The results revealed that age, caffeine intake, psychological morbidity, excessive daytime sleepiness, and family sleep behavior were variables that discriminated good from poorer sleepers in terms of adolescents’ sleep quality. Conclusions: The results emphasize the role of family on sleep quality and the need to include family members in intervention programs. Programs should be sensitive to adolescents’ age and gender.
Feature extraction for rolling element bearing weak fault based on MOMEDA and ICEEMDAN

There are always the nonlinear and non-stationary characteristics and periodic pulse in vibration signals of rolling element bearings when there are partial faults in those bearings. Improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (ICEEMDAN) overcomes the presence of spurious modes and residual noise in Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN), but it cannot clearly and accurately extract the weak fault feature of rolling element bearings under the strong background noise. Here, Multipoint Optimal Minimum Entropy Deconvolution Adjusted (MOMEDA) was proposed. A bearing simulator was used to collect vibration signals of bearing inner and outer race, which was enhanced by MOMEDA, decomposed into several Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs) by ICEEMDAN, and analyzed by the envelope demodulation, finally gaining the frequency of shaft speed, BPFI (ball pass frequency, inner race) and harmonics, sidebands spaced, BPFO (ball pass frequency, outer race) and harmonics. The results show that this method can be used to accurately extract different frequency components of bearing fault vibration signals and diagnose bearing different fault location.
One-ended spanning trees in amenable unimodular graphs

We prove that every amenable one-ended Cayley graph has an invariant spanning tree of one end. More generally, for any 1-ended amenable unimodular random graph we construct a factor of iid percolation (jointly unimodular subgraph) that is almost surely a spanning tree of one end. In [2] and [1] similar claims were proved, but the resulting spanning tree had 1 or 2 ends, and one had no control of which of these two options would be the case.
Title Exploring the connections among job accessibility , employment , income , and auto ownership using structural equation modeling

Using structural equation modeling, this study empirically examines the connections between job accessibility, workers per capita, income per capita, and autos per capita at the aggregate level with year 2000 census tract data in Sacramento County, CA. Under the specification of the conceptual model, the model implied covariance matrix exhibits a reasonably good fit to the observed covariance matrix. The direct and total effects are largely consistent with theory and/or with empirical observations across a variety of geographic contexts. It is demonstrated that structural equation modeling is a powerful tool for capturing the endogeneity among job accessibility, employment, income, and auto ownership. JEL Classification C310 · R400 · R200
TIMELESS: A link between fly's circadian and photoperiodic clocks?

Potential involvement of circadian clock genes in so far unknown mechanism of photoperiodic time measurement is an important question of insect life-cycle regulation science. Here we report about the cloning of full-length cDNA of the structural homologue of the Drosophila's timeless gene in Chymomyza costata. Its expression was compared in two strains: a wild-type strain, responding to short days by entering larval diapause and a npd-mutant strain, showing no photoperiodic response. The timeless mRNA transcripts were not detectable by Northern blot analysis in the fly heads of npd-mutants, while they were detectable and showed typical daily oscillations in the wild-type strain. After disrupting the normal process of timeless transcription in the wild-type strain by injection of timeless double-strandRNA into early embryos of wild-type (RNAi method: Kennerdell & Carthew 1998, 2000), a certain proportion of the individuals adopted a npd-mutant phenotype, showing no-diapause in response to short-daylength. Cloning of genomic DNA fragments revealed that npd-mutants carry a different allele, timelessnpd, with a 13-bp insertion in an intron positioned within the 5'-leader sequence. Genetic linkage analysis showed that the 13-bp insertion (a marker for timelessnpd) and the absence of response to short days (a marker for npd-phenotype) are strictly co-inherited in the F2 progeny of the reciprocal crosses between wild-type and npd-mutant flies. Such results indicated that the locus npd could code for the timeless gene in C. costata and its product might thus represent a molecular link between circadian and photoperiodic clock systems in this fly.
Mesoscale Observations of the Genesis of Hurricane Dolly (1996)

Abstract Recent numerical studies of tropical cyclone genesis suggest a new paradigm for how the surface vortex is established based on a highly nonaxisymmetric mechanism involving the interaction of low-level cyclonic circulations generated by deep cumulonimbus convection. A reexamination of mesoscale observations during the genesis of Hurricane Guillermo (1991) confirms the presence of multiple cyclonic circulations. More recently, airborne Doppler radar wind observations during the genesis of Atlantic Hurricane Dolly (1996) also reveal multiple lower-to-middle-tropospheric mesoscale cyclonic circulations during sequential 15–20-min compositing periods. A particularly well-organized, but initially weak (mean tangential wind of 7 m s−1), low-level cyclonic vortex embedded within the pre-Dolly tropical disturbance is observed coincident with deep, vertically penetrating cumulonimbus convection. The earliest observations of this vortex show the peak circulation near 2-km height with a mean diameter of 30–4.
From deception to frankness: Benefits of ontogenetic shift in the anti-predator strategy of alder moth Acronicta alni larvae

Animals can avoid predation by masquerading as objects that are not food to their predators. Alder moth Acronicta alni larvae go through an impressive ontogenetic change from masquerade to highly conspicuous appearance: early larval stages resemble bird droppings but in the last instar the larval coloration changes into striking yellow-and-black stripes. We hypothe- sized that such a change may be driven by differential predation favoring dissimilar anti-predator strategies in different life stages. We show with a series of laboratory assays that larvae are distasteful to birds regardless of their developmental stage, suggesting that ontogenetic color change is not driven by the differential chemical defense. Birds showed higher variance in hesitation to- ward conspicuous prey; some individuals hesitated long time before attacking whereas all birds attacked instantly masqueraded prey. We also found that the activity level of the larvae increased with age, which fits to the fact that larvae need to move from foliage to pupation sites. In the field by using artificial larvae resembling the two life-history stages we found predation risk to vary during the season: In early summer larger yellow-and-black larvae were attacked most, whereas later in the summer small 'bird-dropping-larvae' suffered the highest predation. We conclude that the ontogenetic switch from masquerading to aposema- tism is adaptive most likely because actively moving prey cannot mimic immotile objects and thus, aposematism during the ac- tive and vulnerable period when larvae are searching for pupation sites becomes beneficial (Current Zoology 60 (1): 114122,
Methanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaves modulates the liver and kidney functions in CCl 4

Ocimum gratissimum is used traditional plant in several disorders due to their excellent antioxidant properties. In a 14 - day study, animals were divided into six groups (A-F) of five rats each. Group A (normal control), group B was given CCl4 only while groups C, D, E and F were given CCl4 with various doses of methanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaves (100mg/kg, 200mg/kg, 300mg/kg and 400mg/kg) body weight respectively. Effect of daily intake of methanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaves over a period of two weeks on rats’ hepatocellular system was investigated. Standard enzyme assays were conducted for some enzymes of the liver and kidney. From the result, there was relatively no significant difference (p<0.05) in enzyme activity of the groups given the extract and group A in both liver and kidney. It could be inferred therefore, that methanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaves could serve as excellent chemotherapeutic agent for prevention of CCl4
CONTROL OF FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER USING SUCTION, MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC FIELD

Flow of a viscous incompressible electrically conducting fluid between two infinite horizontal parallel porous plates under a constant pressure gradient or constant flow rate has been considered in the paper. Effects of magnetic field, suction/injection and load factor have been studied in order to control the flow rate, shear stress and heat transfer on the plates. Applied magnetic field is perpendicular to the plates, the channel plates are electrically insulated and through the plates perpendicular to the surface the fluid of the same physical characteristics as the fluid in the basic flow is injected or ejected. An exact solution of governing equation has been obtained in a closed form. The influences of each of the governing parameters on flow rate, shear stress and heat transfer are discussed with the aid of graphs.
The Defense-Growth Relationship: An Economic Investigation into Post-Soviet States

An important question stemming from the collapse of the Soviet Union is how defense spending has influenced the economic performance of the 15 member states since their establishment as market economies. This study furthers the understanding of the relationship between defense spending and economic growth using data from the states of the former Soviet Union from 1992 to 2007. A nonlinear production function was used for direct effects, and models of investment and employment were employed for indirect effects. Contrary to expectations, the findings show that continued reliance on the defense sector in post-Soviet states has helped overall economic growth. Similarly, the growth effect of defense spending has remained nearly constant since the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Evolution of Delphacidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea): combined‐evidence phylogenetics reveals importance of grass host shifts

The planthopper family Delphacidae is a speciose lineage of phloem‐feeding insects, with many species considered as pests of economic significance on essential world food commodities (including rice, maize, wheat, barley and sugar cane). Despite their economic importance, evolutionary relationships among delphacids, particularly those within the speciose tribe Delphacini, are largely unknown. Presented here are the results of a phylogenetic investigation of Delphacidae based on DNA nucleotide sequence data from four genetic loci (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, wingless and cytochrome oxidase I) and 132 coded morphological characters. The resulting topologies are used to test the higher classification of Delphacidae and to examine evolutionary patterns in host–plant associations. Our results generally support the higher classifications of Delphacidae proposed by Asche, Emeljanov and Hamilton, and suggest that the rapid diversification of the Delphacini was associated with host shifts to, and within, Poaceae, and specifically from C3 to C4 grasses.
Morphological Properties of Slender Ca H Fibrils Observed by Sunrise II

We use seeing-free high spatial resolution Ca ii H data obtained by the Sunrise observatory to determine properties of slender fibrils in the lower solar chromosphere. In this work we use intensity images taken with the SuFI instrument in the Ca ii H line during the second scientific flight of the Sunrise observatory to identify and track elongated bright structures. After identification, we analyze theses structures to extract their morphological properties. We identify 598 slender Ca ii H fibrils (SCFs) with an average width of around 180 km, length between 500 and 4000 km, average lifetime of ≈400 s, and average curvature of 0.002 arcsec−1. The maximum lifetime of the SCFs within our time series of 57 minutes is ≈2000 s. We discuss similarities and differences of the SCFs with other small-scale, chromospheric structures such as spicules of type I and II, or Ca ii K fibrils.
Nonlocal lattice solitons in thermal media

Received 5 March 2008; published 16 June 2008We study the properties of solitons in thermal nonlocal media media having an inﬁnite range of nonlocalitywith a periodic refractive index modulation. Such self-localized solutions exist for both signs of the nonlin-earity and exhibit a host of features that have no counterpart in local or nonlocal media with ﬁnite rangenonlocality. Perhaps the most intriguing property is that families of bright solitary pulses can exist inside thebands of the band structure. This property is attributed to the inﬁnite range of nonlocality as well as to theboundary conditions applied to the system. Families of solitons bifurcating from higher-order band edges,otherwise unstable in local media, are found to be stable.DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.77. 063824 PACS number s : 42.65. Tg, 42.65. Jx
Comparison of Lumbo-Pelvic Stability between Patients with Chronic LowBack Pain and Healthy Subjects

Because of the importance of lumbo-pelvic stability as one of the suggested factors to prevent low back pain and since to date no study accomplished to compare lumbo-pelvic stability between chronic low back pain (CLBP) and healthy subjects, the aim of this study was to determine and to compare lumbo-pelvic stability, lumbar lordosis, and lumbar mobility between CLBP and healthy subjects. Thirty CLBP patients and thirty healthy subjects through simple non-probability sampling participated in this cross-sectional analytical study. Lumbar lordosis, lumbar flexion and extension range of motion, lumbo-pelvic stability was measured through flexible ruler, modifiedmodified schober test, and Pressure Biofeedback Unit (PBU) respectively. ANCOVA test were used for statistical analysis (p 0.05). Also lumbar lordosis, and lumbar flexion and extension range of motion did not significantly differ between two groups (p>0.05). There is no difference between CLBP and healthy subjects in terms of the lumbo-pelvic stability, lumbar lordosis, lumbar flexion and extension range of motion. The present study supported that lumbar lordosis, lumbar mobility, and lumbo-pelvic stability not affected by CLBP.
A theory of the interday variations in volume

In an adverse selection model of a securities market with one informed trader and several liquidity traders, we study the implications of the assumption that the informed trader has more information on Monday than on other days. We examine the interday variations in volume, variance, and adverse selection costs, and find that on Monday the trading costs and the variance of price changes are highest, and the volume is lower than on Tuesday. These effects are stronger for firms with better public reporting and for firms with more discretionary liquidity trading. Article published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Financial Studies in its journal, The Review of Financial Studies.
Feeding Frequency Affects Growth, Not Fillet Composition, of Juvenile Sunshine Bass Morone chrysops×M. saxatilis Grown in Cages

— In an effort to feed sunshine bass Morone chrysops×M. saxatilis efficiently, promote optimal growth, and reduce labor costs associated with feeding, sunshine bass were grown in cages and fed one of four feeding frequencies: once/d, twice/d, once every other day (I X/EOD), and twice every other day (2X/EOD) for 21 wk. Juvenile sunshine bass were fed a commercial floating diet containing 40% protein and 11.5% lipid. One hundred fish were hand-counted and stocked into each of 12 3.5-m3 cages with three replications per treatment. At the conclusion of the study, percentage weight gain of sunshine bass fed twice/d was significantly (P 0.05) among all treatments and averaged 70.4%r. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of fish fed twice/d was significantly higher (2.40) compared to fish fed all other feeding regimes. Percentage fillet weight of fish fed twice/d was significantly higher (27.8%) compared to all other treatments. Percentage moisture, protein, lipid, and ash in fillet were not significantly different among all treatments and averaged 75.7%, 19.4%, 3.5%, and 1.2%n, respectively (wet-weight basis). Based upon data from the present study, it appears that producers growing juvenile sunshine bass in cages may want to feed fish twice daily. This feeding regimen allows for higher growth rates, without adverse effects on body or fillet compositions. However, economic analysis needs to be conducted to determine if feeding twice/d is profitable.
Field tolerance of selected varieties to and fungicide efficacy against Alternaria blight of sweet potato

Alternaria blight (AB) of sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas L.), caused by Alternaria spp. , was recently reported in South Africa, but is common in southern and eastern Africa. Elsewhere in the world, AB is controlled primarily using resistant varieties. Twenty-five sweet potato varieties/breeding lines, from different origins were assessed for tolerance to AB. The materials were planted in fields having a history of AB disease and rated for tolerance based on a General Disease Index (GDI), with the lowest scores representing tolerance, and the higher scores representing susceptibility. Variety 199062-1 had the lowest GDI value, and was the most tolerant to AB; while W119 had the highest GDI value and was the most susceptible to the disease. Other varieties/breeding lines showed a variation in GDI values between most tolerant and most susceptible. Among the fungicides tested under field conditions, the mixture azoxystrobin-difenoconazole was the most effective in reducing AB intensity. Fungicides pyraclostrobin-boscalid, unizeb, azoxystrobin-chlorothalonil and cymoxanil-mancozeb were also effective against the disease. Key Words : Alternaria bataticola , General Disease Index, Ipomoea batatas
On the frequency of star-forming galaxies in the vicinity of powerful AGNs: The case of SMM J04135+10277

Context. In the last decade several massive molecular gas reservoirs were found 108M, and 0.3% have at least one highly star-forming companion (SFR> 100 M yr-1). Conclusions. Our results suggest that quasar-gas-rich companion galaxy systems are common phenomena in the early Universe and the high incidence of companions makes the study of such systems crucial to understand the growth and hierarchical build-up of galaxies and black holes.
Influence of Cement Content on Recycled Aggregates Concrete Properties

This article presents the results of an experimental investigation carried out to study the influence of cement content on the properties of recycled aggregates concrete. Five concrete mixtures (containing natural aggregates or recycled ones) with different cement content (250, 300, 350, 400 and 450 kg/m 3 ) were studied. Tests were performed to measure porosity to water, permeability to gas and compressive strength (at 2, 7 and 28 days). The results indicated that an increase in cement content (over 300 kg/m 3 ) allows to reduce significantly the porosity to water and to enhance the compressive strength of recycled aggregates concrete. Correlations based on properties of these concrete are presented. That allows to apply the formulation method of natural aggregates concrete to prepare recycled aggregates concrete.
Experimental Analysis of Instability Phenomena in a High-Head Reversible Pump-Turbine at Large Partial Flow Condition

Growing environmental concerns, and the need for better power balancing and frequency control have increased attention in renewable energy sources, such as, the reversible pumpturbine which can provide both power generation and energy storage. Pump-turbine operation along the hump-shaped curve can lead to unusual increases in water pressure pulsations, which lead to machine vibrations. Measurements of wall pressure in the stators were performed together with high-speed flow visualizations. Starting from the best efficiency point (BEP) and by decreasing the flowrate, a significant increase of the pressure fluctuations was observed mainly in the wicket gates channels. The analyses in frequency and time-frequency domains showed a rise of low frequency components. High-speed movies revealed a quite uniform flow pattern in the guide vanes channels at the normal operating range, whereas, the flow was highly disturbed by rotating stall passage at part load. The situation was more critical in the dump flow rate range, where backflow and vortices in the guide vanes channels developed during the stall cell passage.
COMPARISON OF TRACKING SIMULATION WITH EXPERIMENT ON THE GSI UNILAC

In the European framework “High Intensity Pulsed Proton Injector” (HIPPI), the 3D linac code comparison and benchmarking program with experiment have been carried out. HALODYN and PARMILA are two of the codes involved in this work. In this paper, we compare the simulation results with experiment results which were carried out on the UNILAC Alvarez DTL. The phase space distribution input and output of the DTL are compared using the obtained distribution as the input parameters for both codes. Between the predictions from two codes, these results show some agreement comparing with the experiment results for low current case.
The persistence of Black-backed Woodpeckers following delayed salvage logging in the Sierra Nevada

The Black-backed Woodpecker (Picoides arcticus) is a snag-associated species that colonizes and utilizes patches of burned forests typically within 10 years of fire. Previous research has indicated that salvage logging, the removal of dead and dying trees from burned forests, has a negative effect on nesting densities of Black-backed Woodpeckers. One strategy proposed to ameliorate the impacts of dead tree removal on Black-backed Woodpeckers is to retain patches, or islands, of dense snags within the salvage matrix, but this approach remains largely untested. Following the Angora fire of South Lake Tahoe, CA several snag islands were retained within the larger salvage prescription to conserve habitat for Black-backed Woodpeckers and other snag-associated species. In this observational study, we evaluate whether these snag islands were effective at maintaining Black-backed Woodpecker populations following logging operations that covered 45% of the burned area. We systematically searched the postfire landscape for Black-backed Woodpecker nests for two years before and after salvage operations and compared nesting densities between logged and unlogged areas. Similar to other studies, we found that nest densities at the stand scale declined significantly in areas that were salvage logged, but Black-backed Woodpeckers did nest in both snag islands and in other peripheral unlogged areas, indicating that this approach may help balance habitat for wildlife with management needs at the scale of the fire. In this study, the removal of dead trees, which is usually implemented in the first two years following fire, did not occur until the fourth year, which may have also contributed to the persistence of Black-backed Woodpeckers postlogging.