Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality assurance of sphincterotomy: A prospective single-centre survey

Quality assurance becomes an increasingly important part of clinical medicine and of the field of endoscopy. Endoscopic sphincterotomy is associated with a fairly high complication rate. We aimed to assess our quality of sphincterotomy for benchmarking by using a prospective electronic database registry, and to identify potential risk factors for post-interventional complications. Over 2 years, 471 sphincterotomies were performed in a single tertiary referral centre. Patient- and procedure-related variables were prospectively recorded with the support of a multi-centre international sphincterotomy registry. Multivariate analysis was performed. The overall post-interventional complication rate was 9.3%. Pancreatitis happened in 5.5%, bleeding in 2.1%, perforation in 1.3%, and cholangitis in 0.4%. In the multivariate analysis following variables remained highly significant and predictive for complications: ‘papilla only in lateral view’ (p=0.001), antiplatelet therapy (p=0.024), and opacification with contrast up to the pancreatic tail (p=0.001). The primary success rate of sphincterotomy was 95.1%. The rate of post-interventional pancreatitis did not differ significantly regardless of the presence of prophylactic pancreatic stent (p=0.56). The outcome of sphincterotomy in our centre matches with literature data. The extent of pancreatic duct opacification has an influence on the pancreatitis rate. Prevention of pancreatitis by inserting pancreatic stents is not confirmed.
A Dose-finding Study of Lenograstim (Glycosylated rHuG-CSF) for Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Mobilization during Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer

BACKGROUND The optimum dose of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization after disease-oriented, conventional-dose chemotherapy remains unknown. METHODS A multicenter dose-finding study of glycosylated G-CSF (lenograstim) for the mobilization of PBSCs following adjuvant CAF chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil) was performed in 38 patients with postoperative breast cancer. Each 10, ten and eight patients were sequentially allocated to one of the three dose groups (2, 5 and 10 micrograms/kg, respectively) of lenograstim. Lenograstim was administered subcutaneously (s.c.) daily from day 8 to the day of the last apheresis and CD34+ cells and colony-forming units-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GMs) in peripheral blood were measured serially. Additionally, 10 patients who received adjuvant CAF chemotherapy alone also participated in the study, as a control. RESULTS Lenograstim was well tolerated up to 10 micrograms/kg, except for one patient given 10 micrograms/kg who developed transient grade 3 hepatic enzyme elevation. The peak levels of CD34+ cells and CFU-GMs in peripheral blood showed dose-response relationships. The median peak CD34+ cells for the 0, 2, 5 and 10 micrograms/kg dose groups were 5.4, 34.3, 55.0 and 127.6 cells/microliter, respectively, and those of CFU-GMs for the 0, 2, 5 and 10 micrograms/kg dose groups were 0.01, 0.33, 1.32 and 3.30 CFU-GMs/microliter, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Considering the previous reports suggesting that a pre-apheresis number of 40-50 CD34+ cells/microliter in peripheral blood is highly predictive for achievement of more than 2.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg in a standard apheresis procedure of 10 litres, the optimum dose of lenograstim for PBSC mobilization following CAF chemotherapy in patients with postoperative breast cancer is 5 micrograms/kg/day s.c.
A Neural Network-Based Optimization Algorithm for the Static Weapon-Target Assignment Problem

A neural network-based algorithm was developed for the static weapon-target assignment problem in ballistic missile defense. An optimal assignment policy is one which allocates targets to weapon platforms such that the total expected leakage value of targets surviving the defense is minimized. This involves the minimization of a nonlinear objective function subject to inequality constraints specifying the maximum number of interceptors available to each platform and the maximum number of interceptors allowed to be fired at each target as imposed by the battle management/command control and communications system. The algorithm consists of solving a system of ordinary differential equations whose trajectories are the assignment variables of the problem. Simulations of the algorithm on PC and VAX computers were carried out using a simple numerical scheme. In all the battle instances tested, the algorithm has proven to be stable and to converge to solutions very close to global optima. The time to achieve con.
STUDIES ON FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY STAINING

1. A study has been made of the non-specific fluorescent staining of splenic imprints treated with fluorescent sheep antibody globulins. 2. In tissue imprints made with the spleens of antigen-stimulated animals, no morphological distinction was evident between areas showing non-specific fluorescence and specific fluorescence. 3. Elimination of non-specific fluorescence was not achieved by any one, or any combination of the following: (a) conjugating only gamma globulins with fluorescein isothiocyanate; (b) removal of dialyzable fluorescent products on sephadex, followed by concentration through the use of pressure dialysis; (c) use of crystalline preparations of fluorescein isothiocyanate. 4. Individual preparations of fluorescent antibodies were separated by gradient elution chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose into fractions possessing different numbers of fluorescein radicals per molecule of globulin. 5. The coupling ratio of 50 mg fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) per gm of protein, as commonly advocated, can not be recommended for the precise localization of antibody globulin in tissues owing to the capacity of the coupled products to give non-specific fluorescent staining. When crystalline preparations of FITC are used instead of the amorphous product at 50 mg/gm protein, far too high non-specific fluorescence results. 6. A fraction with bright specific fluorescence and no or negligible nonspecific fluorescence was obtained from each fluorescent antibody that was prepared by using 6 to 8 mg of crystalline fluorescein isothiocyanate per gm of globulin and was then subjected to DEAE-cellulose chromatography and gradient elution to eliminate the most highly coupled molecules.
Using GPU Computing for Solving the Two-Dimensional Guillotine Cutting Problem

In recent years, GPU computing has become an increasingly important tool to develop efficient applications in several areas, including optimization. One of the optimization approaches that seems to take most advantage from GPU computing is dynamic programming. In this paper, we investigate the application of GPU computing to the two-dimensional guillotine cutting problem, solved by dynamic programming. We show a possible implementation and we discuss a number of technical issues. Computational results on test instances available in the literature and on new larger instances show the effectiveness of the dynamic programming approach based on GPU computing for this problem. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi. org/10.1287/ijoc.2016. 0693.
Biosocial determinants of birth weight in a rural PHC of North Karnataka: a cross-sectional study -

Background: Birth weight is influenced by various biosocial factors, and many unfavorable conditions may affect the health and general well-being of the mother. One particular factor cannot be attributed to the incidence of low birth weight (LBW). Objective: To determine the biosocial determinants of birth weight in rural Karnataka, India. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a rural Primary Health Centre of Belgaum district of Karnataka. All the 159 women delivered during the time of study period were included in the study. Proportion and X2-test were applied to see the association between different variables. Results: The prevalence of LBW was 27.7%. The birth weight of children was associated with age, educational status, socioeconomic status, and interpregnancy interval of the mothers (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The study suggests that the awareness about the locally available nutritious food for dietary intake should be increased. The culture of marrying the daughter of age less than 18 should be discouraged by imparting the health education regarding its impact on health.
Tabu Search - Part II

This is the second half of a two part series devoted to the tabu search metastrategy for optimization problems. Part I introduced the fundamental ideas of tabu search as an approach for guiding other heuristics to overcome the limitations of local optimality, both in a deterministic and a probabilistic framework. Part I also reported successful applications from a wide range of settings, in which tabu search frequently made it possible to obtain higher quality solutions than previously obtained with competing strategies, generally with less computational effort. Part II, in this issue, examines refinements and more advanced aspects of tabu search. Following a brief review of notation, Part II introduces new dynamic strategies for managing tabu lists, allowing fuller exploitation of underlying evaluation functions. In turn, the elements of staged search and structured move sets are characterized, which bear on the issue of finiteness. Three ways of applying tabu search to the solution of integer programmin.
Faktor Sosial Budaya dalam Praktik Perawatan Kehamilan, Persalinan, dan Pasca Persalinan (Studi di Kecamatan Bangsri Kabupaten Jepara)

Background : Reproductive health is focusing on the reproductive aspect of women which are considerable problems on sexuality and reproduction, such as ante-natal care, delivery process, postpartum treatment etc. Maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate are some indicators of reproductive health, where in Indonesia those rate are still high rather than some neighboring countries. Previous research showed that socio-cultural and demographic factors influence the high maternal and infant mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to describe sociocultural aspect towards ante-natal care, delivery process and post –partum treatment among Javanese. Method : The design study was observational with cross sectional approach. The research took place in Jepara Region, Central Java. The population study was women in reproductive age and total number of the sample was 60 women. Data were collected through questionnaire using in – depth interview guide. Socio- cultural factors data were gathered through in-depth interview with health providers, such as doctors, midwives as well as religious people and community leader. Results : This study found that the majority of the respondents (96.7%) did antenatal care, assisted by doctors or midwifes, accompanied by their husband (76.6%), done every month (48.3%). Midwife is health provider who was mostly chosen by respondents furthermore by traditional birth attendance (18,4%). The accompanying reasons were the distance between the home and the location, skill and the complete of the apparatus. Most of the respondent (93%) accompanied by their husband during birth process. During post- partum period, they took traditional medicine and also massage. This study found that there is no special food has been consumed during antenatal and post-partum period. Ritual activities have done such as mitoni (munari), krayanan (brokohan), resikan (walikan) and kekahan (aqiqah) since pregnancy until post-partum period. Keywords : Antenatal care, Reproductive health, Postpartum
The risk of stroke within a week of minor stroke or transient ischemic attack

Background: The risk of stroke is highest in the first week following an index stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Recent evidence indicates that prompt pharmacological treatment and evaluation may help mitigate this risk. Objective: To identify risk factors for recurrent stroke 1 week after index cerebrovascular event and review evidence for early and aggressive evaluation and management. Methods: We searched the National Library of Medicine Pubmed database to identify studies reporting recurrent or secondary stroke in individuals with identified stroke or TIA. Results/conclusion: The risk of recurrent stroke in the week after a TIA or minor stroke is up to 10%. Factors identified with risk of early stroke recurrence include age, elevated blood pressure, clinical symptoms of motor weakness or speech disturbance, and large vessel atherothrombotic mechanism. Studies have shown that timely initiation of stroke preventative therapy may reduce the risk of stroke within this early period.
Young patients with colorectal cancer at a tertiary hospital in Kenya, 1993–2005

BACKGROUND: The onset of colorectal cancer appears to be two to three decades earlier in developing countries. Data on whether colorectal cancer in the young has worse prognosis than in older patients is conflicting. METHOD: Clinical charts of 70 patients ≤40 years old were reviewed to determine clinical and pathological patterns and treatment outcomes. Their data were compared with a larger group of older patients treated between 1993-2005 at Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. RESULTS: The data retrieval was highest for sub-site distribution and lowest for pathology information. Patients ≤ 40 years of age comprised 27.3% of all colorectal cancer cases treated over the study period. There were 41 males (58.6%) and 29 (41.4%) females patients. The most common symptoms were abdominal pain (76.9%), change in bowel habit (71.4%) and rectal bleeding (54.3%). The mean duration of symptoms was 24.6 ± 30 months. The rate of advanced colorectal disease (Duke C and D) was 73.5%. Mean follow-up time was 5.8 months with median survival of only 6.9 months. The Duke staging, histology, symptom duration, locations of tumours, follow-up and the complication rates were similar for young and older patients. CONCLUSION: Younger patients form a significant proportion of colorectal cancer burden. Both the clinico-pathological characteristics and treatment outcome correspond to older individuals. It is suggested that the concluded colorectal symptoms in younger patients should also be aggressively evaluated including early endoscopy. A prospective follow-up study of patients with the disease will unravel the true survival picture.
FamiLync: facilitating participatory parental mediation of adolescents' smartphone use

We consider participatory parental mediation in which children engage with their parents in activities that encourage both parents and children to participate in co-learning of digital media use. To this end, we developed FamiLync, a mobile service that treats use-limiting as a family activity and provides the family with a virtual public space to foster social awareness and improve self-regulation. A three-week user study conducted with twelve families in Korea (17 parents and 18 teenagers) showed that FamiLync improves mutual understanding of usage behavior, thereby providing common grounds for parental mediation. Further, parents actively participated in use-limiting with their children, which significantly increased the children's desire to participate. As a consequence, parental mediation methods and parent-child interaction in relation to smartphone usage changed appreciably, and the participants smartphone usage amount significantly decreased.
Why we use and abandon smart devices

Smart devices are becoming increasingly commercially available. However, uptake of these devices has been slow and abandonment swift, which indicates that smart devices may not currently meet the needs of users. To advance an understanding of the ways users benefit from, are challenged by, and abandon smart devices, we asked a group of users to purchase smart sensing devices to advance themselves towards a personal, self-defined goal. We found that participants abandoned devices because they did not fit with the their conceptions of themselves, the data collected by devices were perceived to not be useful, and device maintenance became unmanageable. Participants used devices because they had developed routines and because devices were useful, satisfied curiosity, and held hope for potential benefit to them. We propose ways to reduce barriers, motivate use, and argue for envisioning an additional function of these devices for short-term interventions, in addition to standard long-term use.
Fast Algorithms for Geometric Traveling Salesman Problems

This paper describes efficient algorithms for computing approximate traveling salesman tours in multidimensional point sets. We describe implementations of a dozen starting heuristics (including Nearest Neighbor and Farthest Insertion) and three local optimizations (including 2-Opt and 3-Opt). Experiments indicate that most of the algorithms run in O ( N log N ) time on uniform data sets, and many run almost as fast on very nonuniform data. The program that implements the algorithms is able to solve uniform planar million-city traveling salesman problems to within a few percent of optimal in several midicomputer CPU hours. The algorithms and program apply to many distance metrics and dimensions. INFORMS Journal on Computing , ISSN 1091-9856, was published as ORSA Journal on Computing from 1989 to 1995 under ISSN 0899-1499.
Gender and Age Based Differential Item Functioning in the AMC Linear Disability Score Project

An important assumption in item banking is that the items included in a calibrated item bank have the same measurement characteristics for all subgroups in the population. Differential item functioning occurs when patients in two groups have different probabilities to respond to an item in a given way, even though they have the same level of health status or quality of life. If differential item functioning is ignored, inaccurate measurements are obtained and true differences between patient groups may be obscured and nonexistent differences ‘created’. Differential item functioning has been identified in a wide range of instruments, designed to quantify aspects of health related quality of life. Items from the Minimental State Examination have been (continued on p 2) shown to function differently for education and gender based groups in a communitybased sample. Items from the RAND-36, based on the SF-36, had different measurement characteristics for patients with multiple sclerosis, rheumatic diseases and COPD, while items from the SF-12 function differently in age and education level based groups in respondents to the 2000 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. The Rivermead Mobi l i ty Index items functioned differently for age based but not for gender based groups in a sample of lower l imb amputees. The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index and Revised Leeds Disability Questionnaire both demonstrated differential i tem functioning with regard to age and perceived duration of illness. The items from the National Health Interview Survey Disability Supplement in a sample of Call for papers
Whole of Client Health Care in a Gridlocked System: An Insider Dialogue Between the Theory and Practice of Community Case Management

This article blends theory with empirical qualitative research to investigate the present practices of Community Case Management and develop a new and informed model driven by a whole of client approach rather than agency ownership. The Case Management Society of Australia presents an idealistic model that has never been fully implemented. Our exploration of the gap between this theory and the actual real-world practice demonstrates that a whole of client focus has been marginalized and frustrates full implementation. Recent Australian government policy changes to the Home and Community Care program have encouraged competitive, market-oriented delivery in an attempt to reempower the client, but it has come at the expense of collaboration. Introducing competition has added another dimension to impediments to client-centered care that include funding pressures, turf wars, territorialism, and organizationally induced gridlocked systems, all of which shift the focus from the client to the organization. In the face of this, it is paramount that case managers remain client focused and be willing to collaborate/communicate with all parties involved in the cares of the client. Failure to do so may lead to the eventual failure of the Home and Community Care program.
Towards compositionality in execution time analysis: definition and challenges

For hard real-time systems, timeliness of operations has to be guaranteed. Static timing analysis is therefore employed to compute upper bounds on the execution times of a program. Analysis results at high precision are required to avoid over-provisioning of resources. For current processors, timing analysis is a complex task mainly due to interdependencies of the processors' features that affect the overall timing behaviour. To still obtain tight bounds, state-of-the-art approaches collect detailed information about these interdependencies by exploring the state space of the system as a whole. Modern systems, such as multi-core processors, introduce even more timing dependencies -- e.g. due to interference on shared resources between functionally independent programs running on different cores. This will eventually render the above, non-compositional, approach infeasible in terms of analysis runtime and memory consumption. Therefore, recent analysis approaches often assume a certain independence of system components -- referred to as timing compositionality. We aim at a formal definition of timing compositionality as it was previously only introduced informally. How to achieve timing compositionality in general is an unsolved question. We highlight challenges and summarise open problems that arise in the context of compositional analyses.
Performance of the orthopedic surgical services of the General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón on the 11th of March terrorist outrage in Madrid

Background: In recent years, we have witnessed dreadful terrorist attacks that increasingly affect us. Catastrophes imply physical damage and grievous bodily harm that can strain the capacity of available hospitals to provide quality healthcare. Materials and Methods: The authors describe and analyze the performance of the orthopedic surgery department at a university hospital faced with a terrorist attack that injured 1167 and killed 192 people. Results: The injuries are characterized by severity and tissular damage spreading, including deep wounds, blast injuries, and burns. Conclusions: The review of analyses of previous catastrophes, described by our colleagues in different studies, can be very useful inorder to avoid mistakes in the future.
The effects of gender and exercise on malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and total glutathione levels in rat liver

This study examined the effects of gender, acute exhaustive exercise and endurance training on the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NOx) and total glutathione (GSH) in rat liver. The study was carried out with 12-week-old male and female Wistar rats. Rats were randomly divided into four subgroups: untrained-control, trained-control, untrained-exhausted, and trained-exhausted. Endurance training consisted of swimming 1 h each day, 5 days a week, for 8 weeks. Rats in exhausted exercise group were forced to swim until exhaustion. Levels of MDA and GSH in the liver were affected by both gender and acute exhaustive exercise. There were no significant interactions between gender, acute exhaustive exercise and endurance training on MDA, NOx or GSH levels in rat liver. In contrast to MDA and GSH levels, the level of NOx was not affected by acute exhaustive exercise or gender. Acute exhaustive exercise increased lipid peroxidation in the liver, especially in females. As a result, we conclude that gender, exhaustive exercise and endurance training do not have an effect on liver MDA, NOx and GSH levels.