Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Function of Traditional Art lKarungutr in Character Building Education of Dayak People in Central Kalimantan

On this modern era, many people only concern about how to improve the cognitive and psychomotor as the results of their children’s education process. They usually did many ways to increasing that aspect but sometimes they forget the affective (attitudes) of their children. The affective aspect, which also known as character building may be interpreted as a series of planned activities conducted by adults to learners; in a purpose the learners may have knowledge and understanding and be able to apply the life values such as goodness, truth and sincerity as their everyday’s habits. As the other tribes, Dayak’s people in Central Kalimantan also have ways and tools which are functioned in character building, one of which is through traditional art named “Karungut”. Karungut is a kind of oral art sung with particular rhymes and accompanied with traditional instrument named “Kecapi”. This research aims to describe and analyze the function of Karungut in character building of Dayak’s people in Central Kalimantan. The approach used in this research is one to describe and analyze the utterances or opinions of group of people or community, therefore the approach used by the researcher is qualitative. While the kind of ethnographic approach was used considering the objects being described and analyzed is a culture or system of social groups, including mindset, habits, and ways of Dayak’s living in Central Kalimantan. Research data were collected using interview and documentation towards source people including: Karungut artists, community leaders, and Dayak’s customary leaders. According to the data, the results concluded are: (1) There were 4 (four) functions of Karungut in character education building of Dayak’s people in Central Kalimantan, namely: (a) informative function, (b) affirmative function, (c) persuasive function, and (d) prohibition function. Keywords—Character, Karungut, Dayak’s People, Central Kalimantan
The role of hydrological transience in peatland pattern formation

Abstract. The sloping flanks of peatlands are commonly patterned with non-random, contour-parallel stripes of distinct micro-habitats such as hummocks, lawns and hollows. Patterning seems to be governed by feedbacks among peatland hydrological processes, plant micro-succession, plant litter production and peat decomposition. An improved understanding of peatland patterning may provide important insights into broader aspects of the long-term development of peatlands and their likely response to future climate change. We recreated a cellular simulation model from the literature, as well as three subtle variants of the model, to explore the controls on peatland patterning. Our models each consist of three submodels, which simulate: peatland water tables in a gridded landscape, micro-habitat dynamics in response to water-table depths, and changes in peat hydraulic properties. We found that the strength and nature of simulated patterning was highly dependent on the degree to which water tables had reached a steady state in response to hydrological inputs. Contrary to previous studies, we found that under a true steady state the models predict largely unpatterned landscapes that cycle rapidly between contrasting dry and wet states, dominated by hummocks and hollows, respectively. Realistic patterning only developed when simulated water tables were still transient. Literal interpretation of the degree of hydrological transience required for patterning suggests that the model should be discarded; however, the transient water tables appear to have inadvertently replicated an ecological memory effect that may be important to peatland patterning. Recently buried peat layers may remain hydrologically active despite no longer reflecting current vegetation patterns, thereby highlighting the potential importance of three-dimensional structural complexity in peatlands to understanding the two-dimensional surface-patterning phenomenon. The models were highly sensitive to the assumed values of peat hydraulic properties, which we take to indicate that the models are missing an important negative feedback between peat decomposition and changes in peat hydraulic properties. Understanding peatland patterning likely requires the unification of cellular landscape models such as ours with cohort-based models of long-term peatland development.
Multimodal imaging in acute retinal ischemia: spectral domain OCT, OCT-angiography and fundus autofluorescence.

AIM To describe retinal findings of various imaging modalities in acute retinal ischemia. METHODS Fluorescein angiography (FA), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), OCT-angiography (OCT-A) and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) images of 13 patients (mean age 64y, range 28-86y) with acute retinal ischemia were evaluated. Six suffered from branch arterial occlusion, 2 had a central retinal artery occlusion, 2 had a combined arteriovenous occlusions, 1 patient had a retrobulbar arterial compression by an orbital haemangioma and 2 patients showed an ocular ischemic syndrome. RESULTS All patients showed increased reflectivity and thickening of the ischemic retinal tissue. In 10 out of 13 patients SD-OCT revealed an additional highly reflective band located within or above the outer plexiform layer. Morphological characteristics were a decreasing intensity with distance from the fovea, partially segmental occurrence and manifestation limited in time. OCT-A showed a loss of flow signal in the superficial and deep capillary plexus at the affected areas. Reduced flow signal was detected underneath the regions with retinal edema. FAF showed areas of altered signal intensity at the posterior pole. The regions of decreased FAF signal corresponded to peri-venous regions. CONCLUSION Multimodal imaging modalities in retinal ischemia yield characteristic findings and valuable diagnostic information. Conventional OCT identifies hyperreflectivity and thickening and a mid-retinal hyperreflective band is frequently observed. OCT-A examination reveals demarcation of the ischemic retinal area on the vascular level. FAF shows decreased fluorescence signal in areas of retinal edema often corresponding to peri-venous regions.
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) are the important nosocomial infectious agents. There is a growing concern about the rapid rise in the resistance of Staphylococcus aureusto presently available antimicrobial agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence rate of MRSA and MRCoNS and their rate of resistance to different antistaphylococcal antibiotics used broadly for treatment. Out of the total 350 staphylococcal isolates from different clinical specimens 148 isolates (60.40%) were identified as MRSA by oxacillin screen agar method, and 46 isolates (43.80%) were screened as MRCoNS. All the MRSA and MRCoNS isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance pattern by disc diffusion method for 16 different antibiotics. All the isolates of
Proteomics Approach for Identifying Abiotic Stress Responsive Proteins in Soybean

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important source of protein for human and animal nutrition, as well as a major source of vegetable oil. The seeds consist of approximately 40–42% protein and 20–22% oil, on a dry-matter basis (Panizzi & Mandarino, 1994). Although soybean is adapted to grow in a range of climatic conditions, several adverse environmental factors, known as abiotic stresses, affect the growth, development, and global production of soybean. For instance, drought reduces the yield of soybean by about 40%, affecting all stages of plant development from germination to flowering and reducing the quality of the seeds (Manavalan et al., 2009). Salinity and cold are other inhibition factors in soybean growth and production and together with drought cause osmotic stress in plant (Beck et al., 2007; Nuccio et al., 1999). Several other abiotic stresses, such as flooding, high temperature, irradiation, or the presence of pollutants in the air and soil have detrimental effects on the growth and productivity of soybean. Along with morphological and physiological studies on the responses of plants to stress conditions, several molecular mechanisms from gene transcription to translation as well as metabolites were investigated. Recent advances in genomic research, particularly in the field of proteomics, have created an opportunity for dissecting quantitative traits in a more meaningful way. Proteomics is a powerful tool for investigating the molecular mechanisms of the responses of plants to stresses, and it provides a path toward increasing the efficiency of indirect selection for inherited traits. In soybean a comprehensive functional genomics is yet to be performed; therefore, proteomics approaches form a powerful tool for analyzing the functions of the plant’s genes and proteins (Komatsu & Ahsan, 2009). In this chapter, recent methodologies for the extraction of proteins from soybean are explained first, and then protein identification techniques are discussed briefly. Analyses of the proteome of soybean subjected to various types of abiotic stresses are explained in two main categories: 1) stresses that induce a negative osmotic pressure in plants, such as drought, salt, cold, or osmotic stress, and 2) other abiotic stresses, such as flooding, high temperature, ultraviolet radiation, toxicity of ozone and the two heavy metals cadmium and aluminum. Studies on the expression of proteins in soybean cultivars subjected to conditions
Borderline Personality Disorder: How Various Stressors Impact Rumination Tendencies

The high prevalence of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) combined with a need to improve treatment efficacy produced a demand for the identification of how various risk factors are more likely to exacerbate BPD symptoms. While emotion dysregulation and interpersonal difficulties are known maladies of BPD, the goal of the present research was to examine their influence on rumination processes, thereby allowing therapeutic providers to facilitate treatment by honing in on specific stressors that are more likely to exacerbate symptoms due to initiating a ruminative response. A sample of 127 participants, 21 of whom endorsed clinical levels of BPD symptoms, were exposed to three conditions hypothesized to induce a ruminative response: listening to sad music, watching a sad film, and a social exclusion task where participants were gradually ostracized during a game of Cyberball. The first hypothesis was partially supported, as state rumination emerged as a significant predictor of post-music and post-film negative affect, while BPD traits emerged as the significant predictor of only post-Cyberball negative affect. The second hypothesis was partially supported, as significant differences in state rumination levels were not found when comparing the sad film and sad music conditions, however were found when comparing the Cyberball condition. The third hypothesis was supported, as emotion dysregulation was predictive of rumination tendencies across all tasks.
Demographic Factors in the Evaluation of Service Quality in Higher Education: A Structural Equation Model (SEM) Approach

The increasing number of international students studying in advanced countries has sparked attention on servicequality in higher education. Perception of service quality is subjective, and is believed to vary with thedemographic characteristics of students. This study attempts to investigate the role that demographic factors playin service quality evaluation in the higher education sector. The framework used in this study is adopted fromMin, Khoon and Tan (2012) and consists of four key constructs, namely motivation, expectation, perception andsatisfaction. Applying the Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach to data collected from a sample of 263international students in a private higher education institution in Singapore, the present study found that motiveof study has moderate relationship with expectation and perception of service quality. Satisfaction of students isalso closely and significantly related with the perception of service quality. It was also found that demographyimpacted on the relationships between the elements of service quality. The study included four demographicvariables (gender, age, nationality and current level of study) and it was found that nationality and gender haveconsiderable impact on the weights of relationships. The research findings suggest that education marketersshould take demographic factors into consideration in the design and development of education services.
ADSORPTIVE REMOVAL OF DYES FROM SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER USING ACTIVATED CARBON FROM TAMARIND SEED

Activated carbon prepared from seed (Tamarindus indica) was utilized for the removal of orange G and safranin O dyes from aqueous solution. Chemical activation using orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4) was employed for the preparation of activated carbon. The effect of various factors namely; particle size, pH, adsorbent dosage, ion concentration, and contact time was studied to identify the adsorption capacity of the tamarind seed. The percentage of dye adsorbed was found to be dependent on these factors. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models are fitted into the graphs, but the Freundlich isotherm model is best-fitted into the experimental data. The pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich, and Bhattacharya-Venkobachor kinetic models were also fitted into the graphs, but pseudo-second order is best fitted into the experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy, entropy, and free energy were evaluated using the Van’t Hoff equations. The negative free energy (∆G) and negative enthalpy (∆H) indicate the feasibility and exothermic nature of the adsorption process. The positive entropy (∆S) shows the increased randomness of the solid/solution interface during the adsorption process. The chemical functional groups, crystalline nature, and the surface morphology of the carbon adsorbents were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Characteristics of the activated carbons were determined using standard methods.
3 PART IV : BEYOND EINSTEIN Chapter 10 : Quantum Fields in Curved Spacetimes

To commemorate the 100th anniversary of general relativity, the International Society on General Relativity and Gravitation (ISGRG) commissioned a Centennial Volume, edited by the authors of this article. We jointly wrote introductions to the four Parts of the Volume which are collected here. Our goal is to provide a bird’s eye view of the advances that have been made especially during the last 35 years, i.e., since the publication of volumes commemorating Einstein’s 100th birthday. The article also serves as a brief preview of the 12 invited chapters that contain in-depth reviews of these advances. The volume will be published by Cambridge University Press and released in June 2015 at a Centennial conference sponsored by ISGRG and the Topical Group of Gravitation of the American Physical Society.
Leaving theory behind: Why simplistic hypothesis testing is bad for International Relations

Theory creating and hypothesis testing are both critical components of social science, but the former is ultimately more important. Yet, in recent years, International Relations scholars have devoted less effort to creating and refining theories or using theory to guide empirical research. Instead, they increasingly focus on ‘simplistic hypothesis testing,’ which emphasizes discovering well-verified empirical regularities. Privileging simplistic hypothesis testing is a mistake, however, because insufficient attention to theory leads to misspecified empirical models or misleading measures of key concepts. In addition, the poor quality of much of the data in International Relations makes it less likely that these efforts will produce cumulative knowledge. This shift away from theory and toward simplistic hypothesis testing reflects a long-standing desire to professionalize and expand the International Relations field as well as the short-term career incentives of individual scholars. This tendency is also widening the gap between the ivory tower and the real world, making International Relations scholarship less useful to policymakers and concerned citizens. Unfortunately, this trend is likely to continue unless there is a collective decision to alter prevailing academic incentives.
Virtual reality in cognitive interventions for older adults and its application in the GRADYS training software

In the era of aging societies, research into methods of cognitive rehabilitation in clinical populations and cognitive enhancement in healthy older adults has soared recently. The growing interest in this area has stimulated the development of technologically advanced computerized training, and solutions based on virtual reality (VR) are emerging. In the article, we discuss the opportunities for the use of VR in cognitive stimulation in older adults. Moreover, we present GRADYS training software, which is a newly developed computerized VR-based cognitive training, which consists of separate game scripts to stimulate four different cognitive domains: attention, memory, language, and visuospatial processing. The GRADYS software has been designed to work in the VR mode with the Oculus Rift. Considering current trends in cognitive rehabilitation and the needs of aging societies, the VR-based software might become a valuable specialized aid utilized in cognitive interventions in older adults. (Gerontol Pol 2017; 25: 248-253)
Empirical Evaluation of a Mathematical Model of Ethnolinguistic Vitality: The Case of Võro

The paper presents the results of an empirical evaluation of a mathematical model of ethnolinguistic vitality. The model adds several new factors to the set used in previous models of ethnolinguistic vitality and operationalises it in a manner that would make it easier to compare the vitality of different groups. According to the model, the ethnolinguistic vitality (V) depends on the perceived cultural weight of one's own community (M1) in relation to the weight of a relevant other community (M2); perceived intergroup distance between the communities (r) and the extent of utilitarianism (U) in the community under investigation. The overall ethnolinguistic vitality can be expressed by a formula V=U(M1−M2)/r: In this paper, the model is applied for evaluating the vitality of the Võro language, a minority language closely related to Estonian. The results are in concord with the results of previous studies about the language maintenance and shift in Võro.
Comparative Measurement of Tooth Length: Actual vs. Orthopantomography and CBCT-Based Measurements

Objective: To compare the reliability of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in assessing the tooth length in comparison to orthopantomography (OPG). Material and Methods: Forty patients scheduled for extraction as result of caries or periodontal involvements were randomly selected. Panoramic radiographs and CBCT images were obtained and subsequently patients were subjected for extraction. Teeth with poor prognosis were extracted and stored in 10% formalin. Radiographic teeth measurements were carried out on OPG and CBCT images using a software and the actual tooth length (A-L) measurements were carried out with a digital vernier caliper. The data collected were statistically analyzed for paired “t” test significance of differences and Pearson’s correlation at 5% level of confidence. Results: There was significant difference comparing all three actual tooth length ( A-L) and CBCT- and OPG-measured tooth lengths. A significant positive correlation was observed among all the measurements. Conclusion: CBCT images exhibited accuracy over panoramic images even though the measurements are still significantly different from actual anatomical tooth lengths.
A study on molecular surveillance of Theileria spp. infection and its impact on hematological and biochemical changes in naturally infected small ruminants at Multan, Pakistan

The current investigation was conducted to evaluate hematological and biochemical changes in naturally infected sheep and goats with Theileria spp. infection and to compare the conventional microscopic method of diagnosis with PCR amplification. A total of 200 blood samples (144 sheep and 56 goats) were collected and examined for the presence of Theileria infection. 12.5% and 39.5% blood samples were found positive with Theileria infection by microscopic examination and PCR amplification respectively. Hematological parameters were analyzed by automatic hematology analyzer (Diatron Abacus) while serum biochemistry was studied by Semi-automatic Chemistry Analyzer (Micro Lab 300). Hematological parameters revealed significant (p < 0.05) decrease in RBCs counts, Hb contents, PCV, MCH and MCHC values while non-significant (p > 0.05) correlation in MCV values of Theileria infected small ruminants. Biochemical analysis revealed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in total serum protein and albumin concentration while non-significant (p > 0.05) rise in urea and cholesterol level in infected animals compared to normal. Theileria piroplasms prevalence during early stage of disease without any clinical symptoms can only be identified through PCR amplification compared to microscopic examination.
Mediation in Reputational Bargaining

This paper investigates the potential for mediation in a dynamic reputational bargaining model, where rational agents can imitate behavioral types. Agents are free to ignore the mediator, but she can affect behavior by eliciting information about their types and strategically releasing this over time. I first show that a simple mediation (communication) protocol in which the mediator immediately suggests a compromise when both parties accept its terms in private cannot improve on unmediated bargaining. Adding noise to this protocol, however, can improve payoffs if behavioral types are unlikely. My main result characterizes an essentially unique mediation protocol that maximizes rational agents’ payoffs in symmetric problems. This always improves on unmediated outcomes if agents are risk averse, because the mediator reduces the dispersion of agreement terms. By reducing delay between pairs of rational agents more than between rational-behavioral agent pairs, the mediator can also improve risk neutral agents’ payoffs, but only if behavioral types are unlikely or make large demands. By contrast, efficient outcomes can be obtained when a mechanism designer can impose outcomes if behavioral types are likely or make moderate demands. This efficiency shows that ensuring agents’ obedience to instructions is a much bigger constraint on the mediator than incomplete information alone.