Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intervening in the Life Cycles of Scientific Knowledge Patrick Wilson, The Value of Currency

The growth of scientific knowledge is sometimes described in terms of a life cycle analogous to that of a living organism. This article examines certain shortcomings of such a model and proposes an alternative view of knowledge growth that has quite different implications. Literature cannot grow disproportionately to the growth of the communities and resources that produce it, but combinations of potentially related segments of literature can grow at a rate far higher than the capacity of the community to identify and assimilate such relatedness. Scientific knowledge, as it grows, becomes increasingly fragmented into specialties. Bringing together complementary specialized literatures previously isolated from one another may rejuvenate the merged components. Examples are given that show how such recombinant ideas can lead to previously unknown solutions to scientific problems. The dominant information problems of the future inevitably will derive from the fragmentation of knowledge, a problem shift that may lead to new discovery-oreinted views of information searching and use
Phytolith Evidence for Early Holocene Cucurbita Domestication in Southwest Ecuador

Cucurbita (squash and gourd) phytoliths recovered from two early Holocene archaeological sites in southwestern Ecuador and directly dated to 10,130 to 9320 carbon-14 years before the present (about 12,000 to 10,000 calendar years ago) are identified as derived from domesticated plants because they are considerably larger than those from modern wild taxa. The beginnings of plant husbandry appear to have been preceded by the exploitation of a wild species ofCucurbita during the terminal Pleistocene. These data provide evidence for an independent emergence of plant food production in lowland South America that was contemporaneous with or slightly before that in highland Mesoamerica.
Rituximab-Induced Severe Acute Thrombocytopenia: A case Report and Review of Literature

Rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, is generally a safe and well-tolerated drug. Severe acute thrombocytopenia following administration of rituximab is a rare phenomenon, with few previously reported cases in the literature. We report a case of an 84-year old male with a diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma who suffered severe acute thrombocytopenia following rituximab infusion. A literature review of the previously published cases is also presented.
The relationship between rosacea and insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome

BackgroundRosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting the face. A positive correlation has been found between rosacea and cardiovascular diseases.ObjectivesWe sought to investigate the relation between rosacea and metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance (IR). Materials and methodsBetween January and June 2015, a case-control study including 47 age-, gender-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched rosacea patients and 50 controls was conducted. Demographic data, clinical features of rosacea patients, anthropometric measures, laboratory findings, blood pressure levels, BMI, smoking history, alcohol consumption, sports life, family history of cardiovascular disease, and presence of MS and IR were recorded.ResultsForty-seven rosacea patients (12 men and 35 women; age range: 35-68 years) and 50 controls (11menand 39women; age range: 38-78 years) were included in our study. Of 47 rosacea patients, 24 had erythematotelangiectatic type, 22 had papulopustular type, and one had phymatous type. Whereas the rate of IR was significantly higher in the rosacea group, there was no significant difference in the rate of MS between rosacea and the control group (p = 0.009 and p = 0.186, respectively). In addition, the rosacea group had significantly higher fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels (p<0.05). Mean levels of LDL, triglyceride, total cholesterol and CRP were significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.05). ConclusionOur findings suggest that there is a relationship between rosacea and IR and some parameters of cardiovascular risk factors.We recommend investigation of IR in rosacea patients.
Evaluation of the Effect of Cobicistat on the In Vitro Renal Transport and Cytotoxicity Potential of Tenofovir

ABSTRACT A once-daily single-tablet antiretroviral regimen containing tenofovir (TFV) disoproxil fumarate, emtricitabine (FTC), elvitegravir (EVG), and cobicistat (COBI) is an approved combination for the treatment of patients infected with HIV. COBI and TFV have been reported to interact with distinct transporters in renal proximal tubules; while TFV is renally eliminated by a combination of glomerular filtration and tubular secretion via anion transporters OAT1, OAT3, and MRP4, COBI inhibits renal cation transporters, particularly MATE1, resulting in a measurable decrease in the tubular secretion of creatinine. To investigate the potential for a renal drug-drug interaction between TFV and COBI in vitro, the uptake of TFV in the presence and absence of COBI was determined in fresh human renal cortex tissue and in cells expressing the relevant renal transporters. At concentrations exceeding clinical protein-unbound plasma levels, COBI did not significantly inhibit the transport of TFV by the anion transporters OAT1, OAT3, and MRP4 (50% inhibitory concentrations [IC50s] of >15, 6.6, and 8.5 μM, respectively). Conversely, TFV had little or no effect on the cation transporters OCT2 and MATE1 (IC50 > 100 μM). Consistent with studies using individual transporters, no increase in the accumulation of TFV in freshly isolated human renal cortex tissue or renal proximal tubule cells (RPTECs) was observed in the presence of COBI. Finally, COBI alone or in combination with FTC and EVG did not affect the sensitivity to TFV of cultured primary RPTECs or cells coexpressing OAT1 and MRP4. These results illustrate that COBI and TFV interact primarily with distinct renal transporters and indicate a low potential for pharmacokinetic renal drug-drug interaction.
THE ENTREPRENEURIAL DECISION MAKING: USE OF EFFECTUATION AND RELATION WITH PERCEIVED FINANCIAL PERFORMANCEAND INNOVATION IN THE FIRM

During the start of the venture entrepreneurs rely on a number of techniques and strategies to make decisions. Effectuation and causation are important modes of this decision making process. The theory on effectuation is advancing from an early to a mature phase globally thus it’s important to understand its dimensions and their influence on the firm’s performance. This study explores the use of this effectual logic in micro and small firms operating in Pakistan and its influence on the financial performance and level of innovation in these firms. Although few researches have been focused on the antecedents and dependents of effectuation but none have arrived at a consensus on the appropriate variables. In Pakistan, as it’s a relatively new concept although being applied, there is all the more need to assess the nature of effect these variables could have on some of the important outcomes of the firm. This research contributes to existing literature by providing relationship of effectuation with, another important, variable of innovation in the firm. In this empirical study, a sample of 166 micro and small firm entrepreneurs was used all operating businesses within Pakistan. A survey, through a questionnaire, was conducted using snowball sampling. Findings indicate that use of effectuation is positively correlated with both higher perceived financial performance and level of innovation employed in the firms. Also not all effectual constructs have uniform influence on the variables which explains the formative nature of the logic of effectuation. A few implications of this study and future research areas have also been identified. Keywords: Effectuation, firm performance, innovation
Association between ghrelin and cardiovascular indexes in healthy obese and lean men

objective Obesity is an increasingly common condition and is associated with excess morbidity and mortality, including clinical and subclinical cardiac dysfunction. The role of hormones involved in energy homeostasis, including ghrelin and leptin, in cardiovascular function remains incompletely understood. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the association between systemic ghrelin and leptin levels with indexes of cardiovascular structure and function.
The Parent-Staff Interaction Model of Pediatric Care.

Nursing models have had a long and often troubled history of development. Many that have been developed are not applicable in the pediatric setting. Models of pediatric care, though in use in many developing countries, are often not applicable within the cultures of those countries. This article outlines the history of the development of nursing models, the debate that has accompanied their progress, and the way in which they have been applied. An argument about the influence of culture on the way children are cared for in hospitals is postulated, and explanations are given as to why current models are not appropriate for use in pediatrics. A new philosophical model for pediatric nursing, the Parent-Staff Interaction Model of Pediatric Care, is presented and analyzed using Jacqueline Fawcett's framework for evaluation of nursing models. Its applicability to and use in any culture is explained, and feedback for further development is requested.
Rate-aware network codes for completion time reduction in device-to-device communications

In this paper, we consider a fully connected device-to-device communications network, where a group of devices with heterogeneous channel capacities cooperate with each other to recover their missing packets. In such cooperative network, we aim to minimize the completion time required for recovering all missing packets at devices using instantly decodable network coding (IDNC). In particular, we first introduce a new IDNC graph to represent all feasible rate and coding decisions for all potential transmitting devices in one unified framework. We then show that finding the optimal schedule that minimizes the completion time is computationally complex. Nevertheless by using the new graph and the properties of the optimal schedule, we design a completion time reduction heuristic that balances between the transmission rate and the number of targeted devices with a new packet. Simulation results show that our proposed IDNC algorithm provides an appreciable completion time gain compared to the conventional rate oblivious network coding algorithms.
New classification of acute respiratory distress syndrome: not so convincing.

To the Editor: We read with interest the study by Villar et al (1) on the clinical classification of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The authors have categorized ARDS based on Pao 2 /Fio 2 ratio and the level of positive end-expiratory pressure after 24 hours of mechanical ventilation. Although the current classification may predict severe lung damage in a subset of patients, it is of limited utility in patient management unlike the lung injury score (LIS) (2). A reduction by greater than or equal to 1 point in LIS is associated with better clinical outcomes in patients when compared with patients who do not demonstrate an improvement in LIS; this may help in the choice of additional therapy in ARDS (3). The overall mortality in the current study was 46.3%, which is higher than the mortality rate in ARDS after application of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network (ARDSNet) low tidal volume strategy, and is in fact even higher than the control arm of ARDSNet trial (39.8% vs 31%) (4) and other centers (5, 6). Furthermore, patients who died were significantly older than those who survived. This is important as elderly may not only behave differently from younger individuals but also have several comorbidities that may contribute to a higher mortality and prolonged need for ventilation and hospitalization (7, 8). Also, patients in group IV had a significantly higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score when compared with other groups of the study. Each unit increase in baseline ICU severity score is associated with an odds ratio of death of 1.18 (95% CI, 1.07–1.3) (9). Thus, the results of this study need validation across other centers due to the presence of several confounding factors (age, disease severity scores at baseline, trends in ARDS severity with duration of mechanical ventilation, pulmonary and extrapulmonary etiology of ARDS, and others). Finally, we would also be interested to know if the authors are able to reproduce their results after adjusting for confounding factors such as age and APACHE II score. The authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest.
Efficient detection of THz pulses using low-temperature-grown GaAs photoconductive antennas excited at 1560 nm

Low-temperature-grown GaAs photoconductive antenna was investigated as the detector of THz pulses for 1560 nm excitation. A S/N value higher than 50 dB obtained with a standard measurement condition suggests that the antenna can be used as a detector in 1560 nm-based commercial time domain systems.
Prevalence of restless legs syndrome in somatoform pain disorder and its effect on quality of life

Background: Persistent somatoform pain disorder (SPD) is a condition in which the patient suffers from persistent, severe and distressing pain; and from associated physical and psychological distress. While presence of restless leg syndrome (RLS) in SPD is understudied, their association might have an impact on general well-being and quality of life (QoL) in SPD. Aims and Objectives: Present study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of RLS in SPD patients attending outpatient department services at a tertiary care institute in eastern India. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty consecutive patients with SPD were screened initially and after applying appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria, 192 subjects (male = 85, female = 107) were included in the study. Severity of RLS was assessed using a questionnaire of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group and QoL was measured on QoL Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF). Results: Revealed a 28% prevalence of RLS is in patients with SPD, which is much higher than its estimated population prevalence. A larger proportion of those with RLS had continuous course of SPD, longer duration of SPD, and higher daytime sleepiness. They also had poorer scores on Q-LES-Q-SF, indicating a poorer QoL overall. Discussion and Conclusion: This is the first report, to the best of our knowledge, on this aspect from India. While this association between RLS and SPD may have biological explanation based on abnormal monoaminergic neurotransmission system, the findings call for more vigilant approach to SPD patients in order to improve their QoL and add to their well-being.
Age impact in clinicopathologic presentation and the clinical evolution of prostate cancer in patients submitted to radical prostatectomy.

OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of age in pathological findings and clinical evolution of prostate cancer in patients treated with radical prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five hundred and fifty-six patients operated on between 1991 and 2000 were selected. Patients were divided into age groups of between 10 and 49 years, 50 to 59 years, 60 to 69 years and 70 to 83 years. RESULTS Patients having less than 60 years of age presented clinical stage (p = 0.001), PSA (p = 0.013) and biopsy Gleason score (p = 0.013) more favorable than older patients. Age groups did not show any relationship between either postoperative Gleason score or pathological stage or risk of non-confined organ disease and involvement of seminal vesicles. After a mean follow-up of 58.3 months, 149 (27%) patients presented recurrence. Patients aged between 40 and 59 years presented a disease-free survival rate significantly higher when compared to patients aged between 60 and 83 years (p = 0.022). However, when controlled with clinical stage, PSA, Gleason score and percentage of positive fragments, there was no relationship between age and biochemical recurrence risk (p = 0.426). CONCLUSIONS Even though younger patients presented more favorable preoperative characteristics, postoperative pathological findings and biochemical recurrence rates did not differ between studied age groups.
Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy of Tilmicosin in the Treatment of Pasteurella haemolytica Bronchopneumonia in Calves

Tilmicosin was administered intravenously and subcutaneously at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg bwt to determine its concentration in blood and bronchial secretion as well as its kinetic behavior in healthy and Pasteurella haemolytica type A1-infected calves. Sever acute bronchopneumonia was induced in 10 calves by inoculating them intra-tracheally with P. haemolytica type A1. The calves were treated with tilmicosin; 5 of these received the drug intravenously and the other 5 were injected subcutaneously. After a slow intravenous injection, the serum concentration-time curve indicated a two compartment open model with a mean elimination half-lives (t1/2bs) of 22.09 and 22.14 hours before and after infection, respectively. The mean residence time (MRT) corrected for a bolus injection was 2.25 and 2.20 hours and the mean MRTinf was 25.27 and 25.46 hours in healthy and P. haemolytica-infected calves, respectively. After subcutaneous injection, the drug was eliminated more slowly (before and after infection) from serum and bronchial secretions, with t1/2bs of (24.60 and 25.85 hours) and (33.74 and 31.78 hours), respectively. The apparent volume of distribution (Vd(area)) of tilmicosin was more than 1 litre·kg-1. The peak serum and bronchial secretions of tilmicosin concentration were (1.33 and 1.36 mg·ml-1) and (1.40 and 1.70 mg·ml-1) attained at (7.21 and 7.15 hours) and 7.11 and 7.10 hours) after subcutaneous injection, respectively. Tilmicosin was good secreted into bronchial secretions having AUCbronchial secretion/ AUCserum ratio of approximately 1:1.24 and 1:1.22 in healthy and P. haemolytica-
Electronic properties of 2 D and 3 D hybrid organic / inorganic perovskites for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications

We herein investigate theoretically both 2D and 3D Hybrid Organic/inorganic Perovskite (HOP) crystal structures based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and symmetry analyses. Our findings reveal the universal features of the electronic band structure for the class of lead-halide hybrids (R-NH3)nPbXm, where (n,m)=(2,4) and (1,3) respectively for 2D and 3D structures. Among those, the large spin-orbit coupling acting on the conduction band is shown to play a major role on the band gap of these materials. Moreover, this approach can easily be generalized to related layered and 3D hybrids, thus providing a clear-sighted inside in their electronic and optical properties.
One-year change in anterior cingulate cortex white matter microstructure: relationship with late-life depression outcomes.

OBJECTIVE differences in white matter structure measured with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are associated with late-life depression, but results examining how these differences relate to antidepressant remission are mixed. To better describe these relationships, the authors examined how 1-year change in DTI measures are related to 1-year course of depression. DESIGN one-year cross-sectional follow-up to a 12-week clinical trial of sertraline. SETTING outpatients at an academic medical center. PARTICIPANTS twenty-nine depressed and 20 never-depressed elderly subjects. Over the 1-year period, 16 depressed subjects achieved and maintained remission, whereas 13 did not. MEASUREMENTS one-year change in fractional anisotropy (FA) and diffusivity in frontal white matter, as measured by DTI. RESULTS contrary to our hypotheses, depressed subjects who did not remit over the study interval exhibited significantly less change in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) white matter FA than did never-depressed or depressed-remitted subjects. There were no group differences in other frontal or central white matter regions. Moreover, there was a significant positive relationship between change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and change in ACC FA, wherein greater interval decline in FA was associated with greater interval decline in MADRS. CONCLUSION older depressed individuals who remit exhibit white matter changes comparable with what is observed in never-depressed individuals, whereas nonremitters exhibit significantly less change in ACC FA. Such a finding may be related to either antidepressant effects on brain structure or the effects of chronic stress on brain structure. Further work is needed to better understand this relationship.
Surgical Anatomy and Blood Supply of the Fascial Layers of the Temporal Region

In 15 fresh cadavers (30 sides), we studied the two layers of fascia in the temporal region, with particular regard to their blood supply and to their usefulness– together or separately–as microvascular free-tissue autografts. The superficial temporal fascia (temporoparietal fascia, epicranial aponeurosis) lies immediately deep to the hair follicles. It is part of the subcutaneous musculo-aponeurotic system and is continuous in all directions with other structures belonging to that layer–including the galea above and the SMAS layer of the face below. The deep temporal fascia (temporalis fascia, investing fascia of temporalis) is separated from the superficial fascia by an avascular plane of loose areolar tissue. It completely invests the superficial aspect of the temporalis muscle down to (but not beyond) the zygomatic arch. It is firmly attached to periosteum all around the margin of the muscles. Below it is attached to the upper border of the zygomatic arch.
Pengaruh Harga Terhadap Penjualan Produk Motor Yamaha Mio Pada PT. Hasjrat Abadi Outlet Karombasan Manado

With the advancement of technology in this era of globalization, every company strives to always improve the quality of production and marketing management with the aim of maximizing the profits targeted by each company. To overcome the tight competition in marketing then one of the efforts undertaken by the company is to set a competitive pricing strategy so that sales increase the maximum. The right price and integrated can produce an effect to the customer to build relationship with the consumer so as to increase sales volume. This study uses quantitative method with the number of samples in this study are 84 consumers. Where researchers calculate the results of consumer responses on the questionnaire by using SPSS application version 21, so it can be known whether there is correlation and how much influence of price variables on sales of these products. The results of this study indicate that there is a positive influence of t count is greater than t - table (24,447> 1,993). Based on the results of research data that has been processed, it can be concluded that the effect of price on product sales are at a very strong correlation level of 0.879 or 87.9%, while 12.1% influenced by other variables not examined in this study. Keywords: Price, Product Sales