Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Response of a Collection of Pumpkin Breeding Lines to Viruses

Virus diseases are important problem for production of pumpkin in the world. Among the diseases, watermelon strain of Papaya ringspot virus, Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, Cucumber mosaic virus and Watermelon mosaic virus have been reported occurring in field growing pumpkin. To elucidate resistance response of pumpkin, twenty six pumpkin breeding lines were evaluated in the experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Salna, Gazipur, to assess their response to viral diseases and horticultural qualities under natural condition during November 2010 to May 2011. Based on the visual observation of the test lines, seven (Pk13-1-1, Pk20-2-1, Pk02-2-1, Pk194-1, Pk54-4-12, Pk01-10-9-4 and Pk106) were showed highly resistant, four (Pk31-2-4, Pk07-4-7, Pk04-7-12-3 and BARI mistikumra 2) resistant, four (Pk55-2-2, BARI mistikumra1,Pk101 and Pk107) moderately resistant, 10 moderately susceptible and one (Pk05-1-2) susceptible against pumpkin viruses. Virus incidence and severity (Percent disease index) of test lines ranged from 0.0 to 79.9% and 0.0 to 83.3%, respectively. Four viruses were detected in those of symptomatic pumpkin leaves by Double antibody Sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA) techniques. Out of 26 test lines, five (Pk55-2-2, Pk05-1-2, BARI mistikumra1, BARI mistikumra 2 and Pk101) were positive to Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV-W); five (Pk05-4-1, Pk05-8-2, Pk75-1, Pk07-4-7 and Pk102) Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), two (Pk34-4-3 and Pk67-1-9) Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and only one (Pk105) Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV2). ELISA technique for assessment of virus response showed 13 lines were completely free from all of these four poty viruses. On the other hand, visual assessment technique for virus response demonstrated seven lines were completely free from viruses. It is interesting to note that visual assessment indicated six lines showed virus infection but serologically they were free from viruses suggesting these lines might be infected by other poty viruses. Significant variation was observed in the breeding lines for horticultural qualities relative to yield, yield contributing characters, fruit skin color, fruit shape. Considering virus reaction and horticultural qualities, 15 lines (Pk13-1-1, Pk20-2-1, Pk02-2-1, Pk19-4-1, Pk54-4-12, Pk01-10-9-4, Pk31-2-4, Pk04-7-12-3, Pk07-4-7, Pk55-2-2, BARI mistikumra1, BARI mistikumra 2, Pk101, Pk106 and Pk107) were selected for their improvement for virus disease resistance.
Supplemental material for “ The chemomechanics of crystallization during rewetting of limestone impregnated with sodium sulfate ” by

The short time of exposure to ambient humidity before starting the measurement is not likely to have allowed significant adsorption of water vapor to take place, so the existence of a water meniscus after drying is the more likely explanation for the observed expansion. Due to the small magnitude of the swelling, it is difficult to determine the nature of the expansion; nevertheless, it must be taken into account for the analysis of the warping experiment.
You can ' t always get what you want ? Estimator choice and the speed of convergence Hohenheim

We propose theory-based Monte Carlo simulations to quantify the extent to which the estimated speed of convergence depends on the underlying econometric techniques. Based on a theoretical growth model as the data generating process, we find that, given a true speed of convergence of around 5%, the estimated values range from 0.2% to 7.72%. This corresponds to a range of the half life of a given gap from around 9 years up to several hundred years. With the exception of the (very inefficient) system GMM estimator with the collapsed matrix of instruments, the true speed of convergence is outside of the 95% confidence intervals of all investigated state-of-the-art estimators. In terms of the squared percent error, the between estimator and the system GMM estimator with the non-collapsed matrix of instruments perform worst, while the system GMM estimator with the collapsed matrix of instruments and the corrected least squares dummy variable estimator perform best. Based on these results we argue that it is not a good strategy to rely on only one or two different estimators when assessing the speed of convergence, even if these estimators are seen as suitable for the given sources of biases and inefficiencies. Instead one should compare the outcomes of different estimators carefully in light of the results of Monte Carlo simulation studies.
EFFECT OF MECHANICAL STIRRER AND POURING TEMPERATURE ON SEMI SOLID RHEOCASTING OF ADC 12 A L ALLOY : MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURE

The aim of this research is to explore microstructure and mechanical properties in thesemi-solid casting process of aluminum alloy ADC12. The research method was done by gravity casting using ametal mold. The aluminum ADC12 slurry is stirred by a mechanical stirrer at 300 rpm for 60 seconds. Furthermore, the aluminum slurry of ADC12 is poured on a metal mold with a starting temperature of 580-680 o C. The microstructure characteristics were examined by direct observation using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), secondary -Al phase dendrite arm spacing, and Si eutectic phase were identified. The mechanical properties were investigatedby hardness test and tensile test. The results showed that mechanical stirring had an effect on the change of mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminum alloy of ADC12. The mechanical properties of ADC12 aluminum alloys increased after semi-solid casting using a stirring bar. The highest mechanical properties occur at the temperature of the casting 600 o C. The formation of microstructure from dendritic becomes non-dendritic (globular) after the aluminum alloy slurry of ADC12 is prepared by mechanical stirring.
The Effect of Postural Changes on Spirometric Indices of Upper Airway Obstruction

he spirometric diagnosis of upper airway obstruction is an important non-invasive technique that was validated for the diagnosis of such lesions relying on several indices that were derived from the flow volume loops of patients. Objectives: Is to find out if postural changes have an effect on spirometric indices of airway obstruction in healthy subjects and if so, does this merit performing the test in supine posture? Subjects and methods: This study conducted in the department of physiology and medical physics/ Kerbala medical college, in which 17 males aged from 18-19 years (18.53 ± 0.51), had BMI of (22.95 ± 2.11 Kg/M 2 ), heights of (1.75 ± 0.14 meters) and weights of (70.32 ± 6.34 Kgs) were enrolled. The following spirometric data were measured in two different body positions (erect versus supine): Forced vital capacity (FVC), Forced inspiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity (FIF50%), Forced expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity (FEF50%), Forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), Forced expiratory volume in first 0.5 second (FEV 0.5), Peak inspiratory flow (PIF) and Peak expiratory flow (PEF). From these data, the following indices of upper airway obstruction were derived: (FEV1/ FEV0.5, FEV1/ PEF, FEF50%/ FIF50%, and PEF/PIF). These indices were compared with each other in respect to two body positions. Results: 1All the measured inspiratory and expiratory flow rates were significantly lower in supine position (p < 0.05). 2Of the four measured indices of upper airway obstruction, only the FEV1/PEF ratio increased significantly (p < 0.05) by about 27% upon reclining.
Life Satisfaction and Self-Efficacy among Married Males and Females *

Marriage is very important part of life in Indian society. It is important because everyone needs a life partner for the emotional support, growth of family, development of personal life etc. The purpose of present study is to find out the difference between married male and females on life satisfaction and self-efficacy. For this purpose data has been collected through the purposive sampling, total sample comprising of 90 married persons which are further divided into 45 males and 45 females belonging to middle socio economic status group within the age range of 40-50 years was taken. General Self Efficacy Scale (Ralf Schwarzer and Matthias Jerusalem) and Life Satisfaction Scale (Q.G. Alam and Dr. Ramji Srivastava) were administered to assess the life satisfaction and self-efficacy of married males and females. t-test and Pearson correlation statistical analysis were used to analyze the results. Obtained Pearson r value indicates that there is positive significant relationship between life satisfaction and self-efficacy. Results also indicate that there is significant difference between life satisfaction and self-efficacy among married males and females.
One-step Electrochemical Synthesis and Characterization of High Performance Magnetite / reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite

Nanosized Fe3O4 particles were electrochemically prepared and deposited on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets to prepare a nanocomposite for use in high performance capacitors. This was achieved using an electrophoretic/electrochemical deposition (EPD/ECD) approach for preparing the binder-free Fe3O4/rGO nanocomposite. The products were studies through XRD, IR, FE-SEM, VSM, TEM, and BET techniques. The mechanism of the formation of the nanocomposite through has also been described. The nancomposite further evaluated as an electrode material of use in supercapacitors and GCD tests indicated the composite to be able to deliver a specific capacitance (SC) of 478 F g−1 at 0.25 A g−1. Electrodes based on the material was also found to have a cycle life of 87.4% after 5000 GCD cycles. The results indicated the positive effects as a result of the synergy between Fe3O4 and rGO. KeywordsIron oxide, Nanoparticles, Graphene oxide, Electrosynthesis, Nanocomposite, Supercapacitors
A New Perspective on Managing School Bullying : Pre-service Teachers ’ Attitudes

This research examined attitudes of pre-service teachers regarding school bullying. A total of 514 students in a teacher preparation program at a Canadian university completed a 22-item survey on bullying prevention. Although the majority of pre-service teachers held negative attitudes about bullying, less than 10% felt adequately prepared to deal with the problem. A component analysis of the survey responses identified four factors, teacher commitment, system commitment, teacher concern, and teacher confidence. Multivariate analyses of variance revealed that female students experienced greater concern about bullying and placed greater responsibility on themselves and school systems to deal with bullying, than did male students. However, they also felt less confident in managing bullying than did male students. Also, students in their second year of the program reported feeling more prepared than did students in their first year. These factors were significantly related whereby the greater responsibility pre-service teachers placed on systems, the greater responsibility they placed on themselves and the greater the concern they felt. The implications of these findings on bullying prevention programs are discussed.
INFANTS ’ REACTIVE SACCADE LATENCIES

Saccade latency is widely used across infant psychology to investigate infants’ understanding of events. Interpreting particular latency values requires knowledge of 35 standard saccadic reaction times, but there is no consensus as to typical values. This study provides standard estimates of infants’ (n=194, ages 9 to 15 months) saccadic reaction times under a range of different spatiotemporal conditions. To investigate the reliability of such standard estimates, data is collected at four laboratories in three countries. Results indicate that reactions to the appearance of a new object are much faster than reactions to the 40 deflection of a currently fixated moving object; upward saccades are slower than downward or horizontal saccades; reactions to more peripheral stimuli are much slower; and this slowdown is greater for boys than girls. There was little decrease in saccadic reaction times between 9 and 15 month, indicating that the period of slow development which is protracted into adolescence begins in late infancy. Except for appearance and deflection differences, 45 infant effects were weak or absent in adults (n=40). Latency estimates and spatiotemporal effects on latency were generally consistent across laboratories, but a number of lab differences in factors such as individual variation were found. Some but not all differences were attributed to minor procedural differences, highlighting the importance of replication. Confidence intervals (95%) for infants’ median reaction latencies for appearance stimuli were 50 242 – 250 ms and for deflection stimuli 350 – 367 ms.
Bed Load Influence on Scour at Submerged Weirs

Submerged weirs or sills are low head hydraulic structures that span the full width of the channel for limiting excessive bed degradation and for bed stabilization. However, in alluvial rivers their presence in the flow also results in a local scour phenomenon which may undermine the structures themselves. This paper presents an experimental study on the influence of bedload transport on the scouring process at submerged weirs under live-bed conditions. Different flow rates and weir heights were applied to the tests in this study. Bed profile measurements along the flume were recorded as a function of time using Seatek’sMultiple Transducer Arrays (MTAs). Under live-bed scour conditions, scour downstream of submerged weirs develops very fast. The maximum scour depth downstream of the weir is attained within a very short time then fluctuates around a mean depth in response to migrating bed forms. The magnitude and frequency of fluctuations is strongly dependent on the bed features (patterns and transport rates) that propagate through the scour zone. Observations show a scour and fill process occurring immediately upstream of the weir. The scour hole at the upstream base of the weir develops as a dune trough approaches the weir, and reaches its maximum size when the dune trough arrives at the weir, then gradually fills as the next dune crest arrives. A prediction equation is proposed for scour at submerged weirs under live-bed scour conditions.
Helicobacter pylori and IL-23 R gene polymorphism role in degeneration of gastric mucosa

Relationship between H.pylori (Hp) colonizes and gastric inflammation is widely accepted. Polymorphisms in inflammation related genes such as cytokines and their receptors were thought to partly determine the outcome of Hp infection. Interleukin 23 receptor (IL23R) may relate to degeneration of gastric mucosa. We evaluate association of IL23R +2199 rs10889677 polymorphism and grade of Hp infection with degeneration of gastric mucosa and grade of Hp infection. Biopsies taken from the corpus patients were classified as Hp-infected and Hp-uninfected. The histological severity of Hp infection and degeneration of gastric mucosa were graded from normal to severe. Polymorphism in IL23R was evaluated by PCR-RFLP. AC genotype was related to mild degeneration in Hp-infected subjects (P=0.017). Mild and moderate grades of Hp infection were found related to mild grade of gastric mucosal degeneration (P=0.004 for mild and P=0.037 for moderate grade), sever grade was associated with non-degeneration (P=0.010). We didn’t found any association between IL-23R +2199 polymorphism and grades of Hp infection (P>0.05). We concluded that AC genotype of IL-23R polymorphism influences degeneration of gastric mucosa according to presence of Hp and grades of Hp infection.
OF UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM FISH PASSAGE FOR THE DUNVEGAN HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT Prepared for Glacier Power Ltd

As part of the permitting process for a hydro project on the Peace River in Alberta , Can da, Glacier Power Ltd. (Glacier) contracted Alden Research Laboratory, Inc. t o conduct a literature search and review of upstream and downstream passage for selected species t hat may be impacted by the project. Specifically, the Terms of Reference for the Environm ental Impact Assessment of the proposed project state the following:
Structural change in a two-sector model of the climate and the economy

This paper introduces issues concerning substitution possibilities among goods into a two-sector macroeconomic growth model where emissions from fossil fuels give rise to a climate externality. Substitution possibilities are modeled using a constant elasticity of substitution (CES) production function where the intermediate inputs differ only in their technologies and the way they are affected by the climate externality. By solving the social planners problem and characterizing the competitive equilibrium I am able to derive a simple formula for optimal taxes and resource allocation over time. The impact of different assumptions regarding the elasticity of substitution on taxes turns out to be a simple function of the size or relative magnitude of the distribution parameter of the CES function, technology and the impact of the climate externality. In particular, it is shown that a higher (lower) elasticity of substitution will result in a higher (lower) optimal unit tax rate if and only if the distribution parameter of the most productive sector, multiplied by its total factor productivity and climate damage function, is smaller (larger) than the corresponding term of the other sector. I also present some numerical simulations for a calibrated model based on the U.S. and Indian economy. The results show that the assumptions regarding substitution possibilities plays a much bigger role for optimal fossil fuel consumption in the agriculturally intense Indian economy.
DOLINE MORPHOGENETIC PROCESSES FROM GLOBAL AND LOCAL

UDC: 551.435. 83:551.44 Ivan Gams: Doline morphogenetic processes from global and local viewpoints Geomorphogenetical processes of solution dolines are evident from restraints in their global and local distribution: more precipitation than potential evapotranspiration, permeable soil cover, water level and solution front (transition from aggressive to flowstone depositing water) below shallow epikarst, slope inclination below 30°, solid soluble rock. Dolines are an effect of local accelerated solution. In initial phase they are connected with more fractured stone, as the grains have greater specific (surface/volume) surface exposed to soil moisture. Effect of stone fracturing on solution was tested in laboratory. Later growth of basin is based on automatism, as the size of soil/stone interface is increased with deepening of the basin. Funnel-like dolines with growth usually convert in a bowl-like form with greater exceeding. The form is controlled also by water permeability of soil and solifluction. In temperate climate the two million year long Pleistocene offered with more moisture from snow and with intensive fracturing of stone better conditions for doline development than the warmer Neogene and Holocene when man’s impact in last centuries essentially redused primary forest environment and thus processes in the basins. Collapse dolines are not taken into account.
IMPORTANCE OF GOOD GLUCOREGULATION IN PREVENTION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH DIABETS MELLITUS TYPE 1

Patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 are at significant risk of cardiovascular disease. Non-invasive ultrasound mesaurement of carotid intima-media thickness is used for evaluation of subclinical atherosclerosis in vivo. The aim of the paper was to evaluate the degree of atherosclerosis and its correlation with glucoregulation in children with type 1 diabetes. Carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) was measured in 41 subjects with type 1 diabetes (mean [SD] age = 13,8 (3,2) years) and 20 control subjects (13,1 (2,8) years). Degree of glycemic control was determined using the levels of average HbA1c and average posprandial glucose. Mean carotid IMT was higher in subjects with diabetes (P=0.01). Mean carotid IMT was significantly higher in subjects with suboptimal and poor glucoregulation than in subjects with optimal glycemic control and healthy subjects. Posprandial glucose level was significantly lower in the group with optimal glucoregulation than in the groups with suboptimal (P=0,05) and poor glucoregulation (P=0,01); however, statistically significant correlation between the level of postprandial glucose and cIMT was not registered. cIMT measurement enables the identification of patients at increased risk of cardiovascular disease on an individual basis, as well as appropriate modification of patient treatment. Acta Medica Medianae 2008;47(2):5-9.
Laboratory Design Program for Seismic Ground Response Improvement with Mass Concrete Fill

Sensitivity analyses for a critical facility near a credible fault source suggested that the in-structure response spectra and corresponding costs for structures, systems, and components could be significantly reduced by improving the foundation subgrade materials. A plan was selected to remove the in-situ materials and replace it with a mass concrete fill (MCF). A laboratory, mix design program was performed to obtain an MCF mix that achieved the target dynamic properties and optimal workability, while minimizing heat of hydration concerns. Resonant column and compressive strength tests were performed in the laboratory on cylinders made using a range of MCF mix recipes. While traditional concrete mix designs typically do not consider dynamic properties as a design criterion, this case study illustrates that dynamic testing can and should be an integral part of mix design for seismic ground response improvement of important and critical facilities.
Creativity, Opportunity Recognition, New Venture Resources and Entrepreneurial Career Success in Creative Industries

-At the heart of entrepreneurial success in creative industries are entrepreneurial creativity and opportunity recognition, which influence entrepreneurs’ ability to create new venture or significantly improve the position of an existing business. Entrepreneurial resource availability is pivotal to whether entrepreneurs can convert the creative ideas and identified opportunities into lucrative businesses. Recently, entrepreneurship research has suggested that resource availability represents a double-edged sword, simultaneously facilitating and impeding new venture outcomes, while little research has explored how entrepreneurial creativity, opportunity recognition, and resource availability jointly affect entrepreneurial career success. To address the theoretical gap, this paper reviews relevant literature and proposes a research framework, which aims to explain how resource availability moderates the effect of entrepreneurial creativity and opportunity recognition on entrepreneurial career success. To better reflect the career success perceived by entrepreneurs in creative industries, this paper also incorporates four indicators of entrepreneurial success, including career achievement, entrepreneurial happiness, capability enhancement, and financial satisfaction. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.