Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic accuracy of image postprocessing methods for the detection of coronary artery stenoses by using multidetector CT.

PURPOSE To retrospectively evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (CT) coronary angiography for detection of hemodynamically significant (>or=50%) stenoses by using various image postprocessing methods, with conventional coronary angiography as the reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS The analysis used data from previous studies, use of which had been approved by the Institutional Review Board. Sixteen-section multidetector CT data sets for 40 patients (30 men, 10 women; mean age 56 years +/- 8; mean heart rate, 61 beats per minute +/- 6) were evaluated. Six independent investigators evaluated the data sets for the presence of stenoses with diameter reduction of 50% or more, by using either exclusively transverse images, free oblique multiplanar reconstructions (MPRs), free oblique maximum intensity projections (MIPs, 5 mm thick), prerendered curved MPRs, prerendered curved MIPs, or prerendered three-dimensional volume rendered reconstructions (VRTs). Evaluation results were compared with conventional coronary angiography for each artery in a blinded fashion (chi(2) test). RESULTS Overall, 35 coronary artery stenoses were present. Percentage of evaluable arteries and accuracy for detecting stenosis (percentages of accurately classified arteries were, respectively, 99% and 88% for transverse, 99% and 91% for oblique MPR, 94% and 86% for oblique MIP, 94% and 83% for curved MIP, 93% and 81% for curved MPR, and 91% and 73% for VRT). Accuracy was significantly higher for oblique MPR than for curved MPR (P=.01), curved MIP (P=.03), and VRT (P<.001). CONCLUSION The evaluation of multidetector CT coronary angiography with interactive image display methods, especially interactive oblique MPRs, permits higher diagnostic accuracy than evaluation of prerendered images (curved MPR, curved MIP, or VRT images).
THREE-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING TO ASSESS LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSSYNCHRONY

Cardiac resynchronization therapy improves clinical symptoms and prognosis of heart failure patients. However, it has been shown that up to 40% of patients do not respond to this therapy. Three main determinants of cardiac resynchronization therapy response have been identified: left ventricular dyssynchrony, left ventricular lead position, and extent and location of myocardial scar tissue. Two-dimensional echocardiography is the first imaging technique to evaluate patients who may be candidates for cardiac resynchronization therapy. However, a multimodality approach based on 3-dimensional imaging techniques may provide a more comprehensive evaluation of these patients by combining the assessment of the aforementioned pathophysiological determinants of cardiac resynchronization therapy response. 2011 Sociedad Española de Cardiologı́a. Published by Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved. Técnicas de imagen tridimensional en el tratamiento de resincronización cardiaca
The Byzantine Bath-House at Tocra: a Summary Report

Abstract A summary account of the Byzantine bath-house at Tocra is given. Goodchild excavated this well-preserved structure in the 1960s, but died before producing a published account. Although the evidence of some late features had been removed then, a structural analysis of the building is still possible, showing three main periods of construction and use probably extending into the early Islamic period.
The scope of culture in chimpanzees, humans and ancestral apes

More studies have focused on aspects of chimpanzee behaviour and cognition relevant to the evolution of culture than on any other species except our own. Accordingly, analysis of the features shared by chimpanzees and humans is here used to infer the scope of cultural phenomena in our last common ancestor, at the same time clarifying the nature of the special characteristics that advanced further in the hominin line. To do this, culture is broken down into three major aspects: the large scale, population-level patterning of traditions; social learning mechanisms; and the behavioural and cognitive contents of culture. Each of these is further dissected into subcomponents. Shared features, as well as differences, are identified in as many as a dozen of these, offering a case study for the comparative analysis of culture across animal taxa and a deeper understanding of the roots of our own cultural capacities.
Trauma and the gut: interactions between stressful experience and intestinal function.

Functional gastrointestinal disorders form an important health care burden in Western societies. In one of their most common manifestations, the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), there is evidence for altered visceral sensory and motor responses to stimuli. Psychiatric disturbances may determine the degree to which symptoms are experienced as stressful or debilitating. Traumatic experiences could have a role in the aetiology or perception of IBS, and there are indications that functional gastrointestinal disorders are a common occurrence in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Acknowledging that enteric infections could be important precipitating factors in subgroups of patients, this review will focus mainly on the possible role of stressful life events in the development and expression of disordered gastrointestinal function in IBS. After a concise summary of acute effects of experimental stressors on intestinal motility in laboratory animals, the growing body of evidence from animal studies pointing to lasting changes in behavioural and autonomic responsivity following brief exposure to stress will be reviewed. We argue that more attention in animal research to the long term effects of stressful experience on basal and stimulated intestinal motility and the neural mechanisms involved, as well as to individual differences in responsivity, may improve our understanding of stress related disturbances ofhuman gastrointestinal function.
Defect energetics in MgO treated by first-principles methods.

Ab initio total-energy calculations have been performed on a parallel computer to study the formation and migration energies of cation and anion vacancies in MgO. The calculations are made in the framework of density functional and pseudopotential theory, using the supercell method, with the valence orbitals expanded in plane waves. The relaxed ground state is determined by conjugate-gradients minimization of the total-energy functional with respect to the plane-wave coefficients of occupied orbitals. The calculated defect energies are shown to be in remarkably close agreement with experiment and with values obtained from empirical modeling
Corneal Topographic Analysis of Patients With Mooren Ulcer Using 3-Dimensional Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography

Purpose: To investigate the corneal topography and visual function of patients with Mooren ulcer using 3-dimensional anterior segment optical coherence tomography (3-D AS-OCT). Methods: Fourteen eyes of 9 patients with Mooren ulcer were studied. Pachymetric and axial power maps were obtained by 3-D AS-OCT. The axial power maps were classified into 3 patterns by visual inspection. The distribution of the corneal dioptric power was analyzed by Fourier harmonic expansion. The magnitudes of the spherical component, asymmetry, regular astigmatism, higher-order irregularity, and radial distance from the corneal vertex to the thinnest point of the lesion were determined. Results: The axial power maps of 9 eyes were classified into arcuate patterns, 4 into crab-claw patterns, and 1 eye into an intermediate pattern. The radial distance from the corneal vertex to the thinnest point of the lesion was significantly shorter in the crab-claw pattern group than in the arcuate pattern group (P = 0.007). The magnitudes of asymmetry, regular astigmatism, and higher-order irregularity of the crab-claw pattern group were significantly greater than those of the arcuate pattern group (P = 0.017, P = 0.011, and P = 0.030, respectively). Conclusions: Three-dimensional AS-OCT is able to evaluate the corneal topography of opacified peripheral lesions in eyes with Mooren ulcer, and the results showed that irregular astigmatism is higher when the lesion is closer to the center of the cornea.
Successful antiviral therapy determines a significant decrease in squamous cell carcinoma antigen‐associated (SCCA) variants’ serum levels in anti‐HCV positive cirrhotic patients *

Summary. Aberrant squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) expression is an early event in hepatocarcinogenesis, and increasing serum levels of SCCA variants IgM immune complexes (SCCA‐IgM IC) have been found in cirrhotic patients developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We longitudinally evaluated a cohort of cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) who underwent pegylated interferon (PEG‐IFN) and ribavirin treatment. SCCA‐IgM IC levels were assessed in the sera of 33 cirrhotic patients with HCV (21 males, median age 57 years) before, at the end and at 6‐month and 1‐year follow‐up after treatment with PEG‐IFN and ribavirin. SCCA‐IgM IC serum levels (arbitrary units/mL, AU/mL) were evaluated according to treatment outcome: sustained virological response (SVR) vs nonresponse (NR). Overall, 15 patients obtained a SVR to antiviral therapy (45%). There was no significant difference in baseline SCCA‐IgM IC serum levels between SVR and NR patients. When compared to baseline (451.2 AU/mL), SVR patients showed a significant decrease in median SCCA‐IgM IC serum levels at the end of treatment (186.8 AU/mL, P = 0.013) and at both 6‐month (96.8 AU/mL, P < 0.001) and 1‐year follow‐up (52.4 AU/mL, P < 0.001), while no significant modification was observed in NR patients. In patients with HCV‐related liver cirrhosis, successful antiviral therapy is associated with a dramatic and significant decrease in SCCA‐IC serum levels. Because of the pathophysiological correlation between SCCA and liver carcinogenesis, it is hypothesized that in patients with liver cirrhosis, SVR may be accompanied by a decreased proliferative stimulation.
Nucleoid structure in freeze fractures of Streptococcus faecalis: effects of filtration and chilling

With the techniques used in this study, the nucleoid of Streptococcus faecalis could not be seen in freeze-etch preparations unless glutaraldehyde had been added to cultures of cells before they were frozen. With time, the nucleoid became visible as a network of fibers, apparently as a result of the aggregation of individual chromosomal elements in the presence of glutaraldehyde. When glutaraldehyde was added to undisturbed cultures, the fibers that became visible were observed in small patches that were seemingly scattered throughout the cytoplasm. However, if cells were chilled or placed on filters before glutaraldehyde was added, the fibers which then developed were seen in large central areas. The appearance of centralized nucleoids in freeze fractures of cells that had been chilled or filtered could be correlated with a decrease in the central density of the cytoplasm, as seen by light microscopy, in cells embedded in gelatin or bovine serum albumin. These observations are discussed in relation to a model for the normal structure of the nucleoid which suggests that the treatments routinely used to study the morphology-physiology of cells (chilling, filtration, and fixation) result in a reorganization of the cytoplasm, leading to an increase in the centralization of nuclear material.
Relaxation Training for NIDDM: Predicting who may benefit

OBJECTIVE To examine the benefits of relaxation training for patients with NIDDM and to investigate individual differences that could predict a positive response to relaxation training. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty-eight subjects with NIDDM were treated with intensive conventional diabetes therapy after an initial metabolic evaluation and psychological and pharmacological testing. Half were assigned to also receive biofeedback-assisted relaxation training. Treatment effects on GHb levels and glucose tolerance were evaluated after 8 wk. RESULTS Subjects demonstrated significant improvements in GHb level, but not in glucose tolerance, after 8 wk of intensive conventional treatment. These improvements persisted throughout the follow-up period. However, the group provided with relaxation training did not experience greater improvements on either measure than the group given conventional diabetes treatment only. Within the group that received relaxation training, correlations occurred between the improvements in glucose tolerance after treatment and individual differences in trait anxiety and in the effect of alprazolam on glucose tolerance. Differences in the effects of EPI on glucose tolerance and personality measures of neuroticism and perceived locus of control also appeared to be related to improvements in glucose tolerance after training. CONCLUSIONS Relaxation training did not confer added benefit over and above that provided by conventional diabetes treatment for patients with NIDDM. Additional research is needed to determine whether the administration of relaxation training to selected patients, especially those who are most responsive to stress, would provide benefits for glucose control that are not achieved by conventional treatment.
Individual difference in serial dependence results from opposite influences of perceptual choices and motor responses

Natural image statistics exhibit temporal regularities of slow changes and short-term correlations and visual perception, too, is biased towards recently seen stimuli, i.e., a positive serial dependence. Some studies report strong individual differences in serial dependence in perceptual decision making: some observers show positive serial effects, others repulsive effects, and some show no bias. To understand these contrasting results, this study separates the influences of physical stimuli per se, perceptual choices and motor responses on serial dependence in perceptual decision making. In two experiments, human observers reported which orientation (45° or −45°, at threshold contrast) they perceived. Experiment 1, used a consistent mapping between stimulus and response buttons while in Experiment 2, observers did two tasks: one with a consistent stimulus-response mapping, the other with a random stimulus-response mapping (perceptual choice and motor response unrelated). Results show that the stimulus percept (not the physical stimulus per se) affected subsequent perceptual choices in an attractive way, and that motor responses produced a repulsive serial effect. When the choice-response mapping was consistent (inseparable choice and response, typical of most experiments), individual differences in the overall serial effect was observed: some were positive, some repulsive, and some were bias-free. These individual differences likely reflect different relative weightings in individuals of a positive choice bias and a repulsive motor bias.
Anti-NMDA Receptor Antibody Encephalitis Presenting with Unilateral Non-convulsive Status Epilepticus in a Male Patient

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibody encephalitis is an autoimmune antibody encephalitis with psychiatric symptoms, memory disturbances, seizures and abnormal movements. It is more common in young women. We report a young man diagnosed as anti-NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis and presenting with confusion due to non-convulsive status epilepticus involving unilateral hemisphere.
A new extended system aggregation method of hybrid production lines

Hybrid production lines with unreliable machines and buffers are examined. Different from traditional aggregation method, the unreliable buffers are originally considered and a more general aggregation method is offered, in which not only the unreliable buffers are considered, but also the probabilities of system states are obtained by a discrete model rather than the continuous flow model of unreliable manufacturing systems. The solution technique is offered to get the system sates probabilities. The method advances the traditional system aggregation techniques. Numerical results specify the extended aggregation method and also show that the unreliable limited buffers have a strong impact on the efficiency of the production lines.
Polyphenols delivery by polymeric materials: challenges in cancer treatment

Abstract Nanotechnology can offer different solutions for enhancing the therapeutic efficiency of polyphenols, a class of natural products widely explored for a potential applicability for the treatment of different diseases including cancer. While possessing interesting anticancer properties, polyphenols suffer from low stability and unfavorable pharmacokinetics, and thus suitable carriers are required when planning a therapeutic protocol. In the present review, an overview of the different strategies based on polymeric materials is presented, with the aim to highlight the strengths and the weaknesses of each approach and offer a platform of ideas for researchers working in the field.
Theoretical investigation of fabrication‐related disorder on the properties of photonic crystals

How various deviations in perfect photonic crystals, which may arise during fabrication, can affect the size of photonic band gaps is investigated theoretically. The emphasis is on determining the effects of misalignment of basic structural elements and overall surface roughness, because of their general fabrication relevance. As an example, calculations on a newly proposed three‐dimensional photonic crystal are performed. It is shown that the size of the gap is tolerant to significant amounts of deviation from the perfect structure.
Study of the strengthening and toughening mechanism for single-crystal copper during equal-channel angular pressing by route A

Single-crystal copper has received more and more attention in the important areas of the national economy due to its good electrical and thermal conductivity and elongation. Its low strength limits its application, and so strengthening methods for single-crystal copper are of great concern. Therefore, we study the strengthening and toughening mechanisms of single-crystal copper by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP). The single-crystal copper was processed by ECAP using route A with a die ( = 105°, = 30°). The microstructure and texture evolution were investigated by EBSD, XRD and SEM. The tensile properties were also tested. The results show that the ECAP method can improve the strength of materials without decreasing the conductivity. Under low strain, the crystal orientation still maintains the original orientation characteristics. As the strain increases, it forms numerous deformation bands with the same direction as the matrix. The texture-transformation process is {111}<112> {111}<110> {110}<112> and {124}<211>. After 5 passes, the tensile strength increased from 168 MPa to 435 MPa, and the elongation declined from 63 % to 27.8 %. After 16 passes, the hardness increased from 60.4 HV to 125 HV, while the conductivity remained at a high level of 95 % IACS.
Personality Traits Influencing Knowledge Sharing in Student-Supervisor Relationship: A Structural Equation Modelling Analysis

Although knowledge sharing (KS) and personality traits are primarily studied in business organisations, these issues are equally important for universities. However, few attempts have been made to investigate the relationship between personality traits and KS, particularly in the context of Malaysian higher education. The present study fills the research gap by examining the effects of personality traits — specifically agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experience — on KS in the student–supervisor relationship. Using probability sampling, data was collected from 175 doctoral students. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses. The findings suggest that agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experience are significantly and positively related to the KS behaviours of research supervisors. Openness to experience was revealed to be the most influential factor in the supervisor’s level of KS. This is the first study to investigate the relationship between personality traits and KS in the context of the student–supervisor relationship, thus marking a significant contribution to the KS literature. The findings of this paper have implication for academics and higher education administrators.
Temperature-dependent optical properties of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite single crystals (CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbBr3)

We investigated the temperature-dependent optical properties of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3: CH3NH3PbI3) and bromide (MAPbBr3: CH3NH3PbBr3) single crystals using optical spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) techniques. We obtained the optical conductivity from the measured reflectance spectra of the single crystals at various temperatures using a Kramers–Kronig relation and measured their PL spectra at selected temperatures. We observed structural phase transitions and a mixed-structure phase from the infrared-active phonon modes in the measured optical data. In the mixed phase, we observed unsystematic temperature-dependent bandgap behavior in both optical and PL spectra. The unsystematic bandgap behavior can be understood by taking into account both the contributions of thermal effect and structural phase to the size of the bandgap in the temperature region of the mixed structural phase or the structural phase transition. Interestingly, we also observed quantitative differences in those optical and PL properties between thin film and single crystal samples. We expect that our results will supply helpful information for further development of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells.
6 th International Workshop of Young Researchers on the Mechanics of Materials and Structures

23/10 Dr. Adrien Lefieux University of Pavia, Italy On the use of anisotropic triangles in an immersed finite element approach with application to fluid-structure interaction problems 23/10 Dr. Diego Misseroni University of Liverpool, UK Tensile buckling, multiple bifurcations and Eshelby-like forces in elastic structures 24/10 Dr. Davide Grazioli University of Brescia, Italy Multiscale modeling of multiphysics processes in Li-ion battery cells
RANDOM VS. NON‐RANDOM MATING IN THE SULFUR BUTTERFLIES, COLIAS EURYTHEME AND COLIAS PHILODICE (LEPIDOPTERA: PIERIDAE)

The dynamics of speciation remain largely hypothetical because there are few cases among hybridizing taxa where it is possible to directly observe the circumstances and results of the hybridization. The recent sympatry and hybridization between the sulfur butterflies, Coiias eurytheme and C. philodice, provides an opportunity to study these relationships. The conditions which result in interspecific mating will be described in this paper. Presently these species are sympatric over most of the continental United States and Southern Canada. Prior to European agriculture philodice appears to have been limited to the north and east and some mountainous regions of the west while eurytheme occurred on the southern plains and in the southwest. Sympatry in the Midwest and East can be dated from the introduction of alfalfa and other cultivated legumes about 80 years ago (Hovanitz, 1944a). The area of sympatry is continuing to increase and within the last 15 years philodice has become established in nearly all Arizona Colias populations. Hybrid phenotypes occur in all the sympatric populations. Hybridization frequently occurs when two previously isolated and closely related species become sympatric. However, given time and a sufficient amount of genetic