Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motor Function Cutoff Values for Independent Dressing in Stroke Patients.

OBJECTIVE This study established motor function cutoff values for dressing independence in inpatients with stroke. METHODS Ninety-eight first-time inpatients with stroke were divided into groups on the basis of independence level in dressing, and receiver operating characteristic curves were determined for balance, motor function of affected limbs, trunk function, motor function of unaffected upper limb, and cognitive function. RESULTS Area under the curve for the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) was highest for the different motor functions. In distinguishing independence group and supervision or less level group, the cutoff value for the BBS was 44 points (sensitivity = 85%, specificity = 93%). In distinguishing supervision or higher level group and dependence group, the cutoff value for the BBS was 32 points (sensitivity = 94%, specificity = 79%). CONCLUSION Balance was strongly correlated with the level of dressing independence, and cutoff values for the BBS were indicators of the balance required to reach independent and supervision levels of dressing.
The role of capsid-endothelial interactions in the innate immune response to adenovirus vectors.

Adenovirus (Ad) vectors can produce inflammatory responses at high doses. Intravenous administration of an Ad vector expressing green fluorescent protein (AdGFP) to naive mice induced a biphasic pattern of liver cytokine/chemokine gene expression over 7 days. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), and interferon gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) genes were upregulated, with two distinct peaks of mRNA expression occurring at 6 hr and 5 days. The administration of transcription-defective AdGFP particles induced the early but not the late peak of chemokine/cytokine gene expression, confirming that Ad vector-induced inflammation is capsid dependent in the early phase and transcription dependent in the late phase. To determine the role of adenoviral capsid motifs in the early phase, capsid-modified Ad vectors were employed. The intravenous administration of the RGD-deleted Ad vector AdL.PB*, the fiber mutant AdL.F*, or the double mutant AdL.F*PB* induced similar levels of cytokine/chemokine expression compared with the wild-type vector AdLuc. Kupffer cell blockade significantly reduced liver TNF-alpha, MIP-2, and IP-10 gene expression and liver inflammation after the administration of AdL.PB* or AdL.F*PB*. Fluorescence microscopy of AdLuc- and AdL.PB*-transduced liver at 1 hr revealed localization of Ad vectors to liver sinusoids in Kupffer cell-depleted mice. AdL.PB* induced less E-selectin and VCAM-1 gene expression in liver, confirming reduced endothelial activation in mice receiving RGD-deleted Ad vectors. In vitro studies of endothelial cells demonstrated reduced transduction and endothelial activation by AdL.PB* compared with AdLuc. These results demonstrate that adenovirus capsid RGD motifs are required for efficient transduction and endothelial cell activation. Altering vector tropism represents a feasible strategy to modulate the innate response to Ad vectors in nontargeted tissues.
Designing sociable IT for public use

Service providers increasingly use self-service systems, such as kiosk and automata that offer faster and more flexible service. Most of us are familiar with appliances for buying and validating tickets, purchasing soft drinks or getting the newspaper. We book tables in restaurants and hire cars using hotel lobby kiosks. Unfortunately, many such systems confuse and annoy their users. Thus, information technology design for the public space poses distinct challenges. Yet, it is relatively unmapped within our field. Based on an ethnographic study of the purchase and validation of ticketless travel for an airport train, this paper shows how such systems need an extended framework of usability principles, which goes beyond well-known interaction design guidelines.
Papillary Lesions of the Breast: A Review

Papillary lesions comprise a wide spectrum of lesions in terms of their clinical presentation, morphologic appearance, malignant potential, and clinical behavior. Their defining feature is that of a fibrovascular stromal core lined by epithelial and myoepithelial cells, attached to the wall of the duct and extending into the duct lumen. Papillary lesions are often diagnostically challenging both on core biopsy and in excision specimens. Much of the difficulty arises from the many different terminologies that are used to describe the various entities that are included under the umbrella term of papillary lesions. Separation of papillary lesions into categories with a meaningful clinical outcome is most appropriate; however, there is a relative paucity of well-designed outcome studies with substantial cohort numbers to provide information in this regard. We use a pragmatic approach to the classification of papillary lesions in our practice, as we will outline in this review. We will also discuss controversies surrounding papillary lesions and focus on management of these lesions on core biopsy and in excision specimens.
Polymorphisms of the TLR2 and TLR4 genes are associated with risk of gastric cancer in a Brazilian population.

AIM To investigate toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) -196 to -174 del, and TLR4 (+896A/G rs4986790 and +1196C/T rs4986791) polymorphisms at risk of chronic gastritis and gastric cancer in a Brazilian population and association of gastric lesions with risk factors such as smoking, alcohol intake and Helicobacter pylori infection. METHODS In this case-control study, polymorphism at TLR2 -196 to -174 del was investigated by using the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, while the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was carried out to identify the TLR4 (rs4986790 and rs4986791) genotypes in 607 Brazilian individuals (208 with chronic gastritis-CG, 174 with gastric cancer-GC and 225 controls -C). RESULTS The single nucleotide polymorphisms TLR4+1196C/T was not associated with risk of chronic gastritis or gastric cancer and the homozygous genotypes TLR4+896GG and TLR4+1196TT were absent in the studied population. However, the frequency of TLR2 -196 to -174 ins/del + del/del and TLR4+896AG genotypes was significantly higher (P < 0.01 and P = 0.01, respectively) in the cancer group (33.4% and 11.5%, respectively) than in the control group (16.9% and 4.5%, respectively). It was also observed that the G-C haplotype of the TLR4+896A/G+1196C/T (P = 0.02) and the combination of variant alleles of the TLR2/TLR4+896G (P = 0.02) are associated with susceptibility to gastric cancer. In addition, the multiple logistic regression showed that male gender [odds ratio (OR) = 2.70; 95% CI: 1.66-4.41; P < 0.01], alcohol intake (OR = 2.93; 95% CI: 1.76-4.87; P < 0.01), TLR2 -196 to -174 del (OR = 2.64; 95% CI: 1.56-4.44; P < 0.01) and TLR4+896G (OR = 3.19; 95% CI: 1.34- 7.61; P < 0.01) polymorphisms were associated with a higher susceptibility to developing this neoplasm. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that TLR2 -196 to -174 del and TLR4+896G may increase the risk of gastric cancer in a Brazilian population.
Efficient routing and wavelength assignment for reconfigurable WDM networks

Through the use of configurable wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) technology including tunable optical transceivers and frequency selective switches, next-generation WDM networks will allow multiple virtual topologies to be dynamically established on a given physical topology. For N node P port networks, we determine the number of wavelengths required to support all possible virtual topologies (PN lightpaths) on a bidirectional ring physical topology. We show that if shortest path routing is used, approximately N wavelengths are needed to map N lightpaths. We then present novel adaptive lightpath routing and wavelength assignment strategies that reduce the wavelength requirements to [(N/2)] working wavelengths per port for protected networks and [(N/3)] wavelengths in each direction per port for unprotected networks. We show that this reduced wavelength requirement is optimal in the sense that it is the minimum required to support the worst case logical topology. Furthermore, we prove that a significant number of logical topologies require this minimum number of wavelengths. We also develop joint routing and wavelength assignment strategies that not only minimize the number of wavelengths required to implement the worst case logical topologies but also reduce average wavelength requirements. Finally, methods for extending these routing and wavelength assignment results to general two-connected and three-connected physical topologies are presented.
The Five-Factor Model and Driving Behavior: Personality and Involvement in Vehicular Accidents

Participants completed both the NEO-PI–R personality measure and measures of prior involvement in driving accidents. Significant negative correlations were found between the factor of Agreeableness and the total number of driving tickets received as well as the sum of combined at-fault accidents, not-at-fault accidents, and driving tickets received by participants. Implications and potential future directions for research are discussed.
A Smart Bioconjugate of Trypsin with Alginate

Alginate is a polymer of guluronic acid and mannuronic acid residues and is an inexpensive, nontoxic polysaccharide of marine origin. Trypsin was immobilized noncovalently on alginate with 100% retention of activity. The enzyme did not leach off the polymer even in the presence of 0.01 M HCl and Triton X-100 (0.2% vv−1). The Vmax/Km values did not change significantly on immobilization. There was 22% loss of activity in first cycle of pH change and after that the conjugate could be reused upto 4 precipitation cycles without any further loss of activity. This smart bioconjugate was also found to have better operational stability in the presence of casein than free enzyme. Fluorescence studies were carried out to probe structural changes upon immobilization.
Self-reported hearing loss and manual audiometry: A rural versus urban comparison.

OBJECTIVE To examine whether self-reported hearing difficulty is an accurate measure of hearing loss compared with standard hearing screening with pure tone audiometry in rural and urban communities. DESIGN Convenience sampling. SETTING Urban and rural areas of Western Australia. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2090 participants (923 men; 1165 women; 2 unknown) aged 20-100 years presenting for community-based hearing screening in urban (982) and rural (1090) areas. INTERVENTIONS Self-reported hearing difficulty assessed with the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly - Screening questionnaire. Hearing loss defined as average hearing thresholds >25 dB in the better ear using screening audiometry conducted at 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Nil. RESULTS The Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly - Screening was sensitive (≥60 years = 76.69%; <60 years = 71.67%) but not specific (≥60 years = 45.15%; <60 years = 49.63%) for identifying hearing loss. The <60 age group had a hearing loss prevalence of 25.6%, and a false-positive rate of 67.12% compared with a prevalence of 69.12% and false-positive rate of 29.77% for the ≥60 age group. For all ages, rural participants were more likely to have a disabling hearing loss (odds ratio 2.04 (95% confidence interval, 1.55-2.67); χ(2)(1) = 27.28; P < 0.001), but there were no significant differences in hearing aid uptake. CONCLUSIONS Patients in rural areas presenting for hearing screenings are more likely to suffer hearing loss than adults in urban areas. We suggest rural health practitioners incorporate a self-reported hearing loss questionnaire into health check-ups for adults, particularly patients aged ≥60 years due to the high prevalence of hearing loss in this group.
Connection-Based Scheduling for Supporting Real-Time Traffic in Wireless Mesh Networks

This paper studies real-time traffic scheduling in wireless mesh networks (WMNs). Optimum packet transmission scheduling providing strict latency guarantee for realtime traffic while efficiently utilizing the network resources in a WMN is difficult, and one of the main challenges is to coordinate temporal operations of the mesh access points (APs). In this paper a connection-based scheduling scheme is proposed. Scheduling decisions for connections with a larger number of hops are made first, and that for connections with a fewer number of hops are done by using the remaining resources. When scheduling packet transmissions for each connection, the transmitting time of the AP with the highest traffic load along the route of the connection is determined first. At each hop, the transmitting time of a packet is determined to minimize the latency to the upstream hop or from the downstream hop while keeping the total amount of required AP resources small. A connection-based optimization problem is formulated and solved with an objective to minimize the total amount of required AP resources, subject to the latency requirement of the connection. Numerical results show that the proposed scheduling scheme achieves close-to-optimum performance at both the connection and packet levels.
Net migration estimation in an extended, multiregional gravity model.

A multi-regional framework is developed in order to analyze net migration over time to all 10 Canadian provinces within an integrated system of equations. "An extended gravity model is the basis for the equation specification and the use of constrained econometric estimation techniques allows for the provincial interdependence of the migration decision while at the same time ensuring that an important system-wide requirement is respected. " The model is estimated using official Canadian data for the 1960s and 1970s. "The results suggest the predominance of the push factor for interprovincial migration for most provinces, although net migration to the Atlantic provinces is also shown to be subject to pull forces from the rest of the country. " The effects of wage rate variables, unemployment, and political disturbances in Quebec on inter-provincial migration are noted.
Does fertilizer (N15P15K15) amendment enhance phytoremediation of petroleum-polluted aquatic ecosystem in the presence of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes [Mart.] Solms)?

This study investigated the effects of inorganic fertilizer (N15P15K15) amendments on crude oil uptake by water hyacinth. Experimental units (water hyacinth grown in fresh water) were spiked with 0, 20, 40 and 60 mg/L crude oil. After 24 h, they were randomly assigned fertilizer (N15P15K15) at three different concentrations; 0, 6 and 10 mg/L. Crude oil degradation and absorption were determined by measuring total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in the water column and water hyacinth, respectively. The measurements were taken monthly for six months (February–August 2010). The results showed that TPH concentration in the water column in the treatment amended at 6 mg/L (0.30 ± 0.01 mg/L) was significantly lower (p < .05) than the treatment amended at 10 mg/L (0.76 ± 0.15 mg/L) but was similar to the control (0.33 ± 0.03 mg/L). The water hyacinth in the control (phytoremediation) absorbed significantly higher (p < .05) TPH than the fertilizer-amended treatments. The first-order kinetic model gave a better description of the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. The study showed that phytoremediation of crude oil by water hyacinth and biostimulation with fertilizer (N15P15K15) is possible.
A new cryptographic system and its VLSI implementation

Nowadays, there are many cryptographic applications that demand high security, high speed, and low hardware cost. In order to meet the requirements, we propose a new cryptographic system. Under the control of an unpredictable binary sequence generated from 1D Logistic map, every 7 bytes of input data are 1) expanded to 8 bytes, ii) randomly swapped in three level, 3) randomly XORed or XNORed to two random keys Seed1 or Seed2, and 4) bit-recirculated in random direction and random number of bits. It is analyzed to be high security. In order to implement the system, a unified architecture with 5 stages pipeline for the system has been designed, verified, and physically realized based on a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. Finally, the implementation result is compared with some existing designs.
Knowledge Sharing Adoption in Saudi Universities' E-learning Communities

Technology revolution in recent years has increased the demand for the provision of e-learning. However, academic staff lack the knowledge-sharing attitude in e-learning communities. The aim of this research is to investigate the various factors of knowledge-sharing adoption for e-learning communities in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, a framework aimed at sharing knowledge within the e-learning communities is developed. Data has been collected from public universities in Saudi Arabia. Partial Least Square approach has been applied to analyse the data. The results shows knowledge-sharing individual factors (such as openness in communication, interpersonal trust), technology acceptance factors (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use) significantly influence knowledge-sharing attitude while the relationship between people self-motivation and knowledge-sharing attitude is insignificant. Among other factors, subjective norm and attitude significantly impact behavioural intention toward knowledge-sharing adoption in Saudi universities’ e-learning communities.
An extended closed-form least-squares solution for three-dimensional hyperbolic geolocation

A closed-form least-squares solution based on time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements for the three-dimensional source location problem is developed, currently US patent pending [10], by extending an existing closed-form algorithm. Almost all published solutions utilize a single set of the available TDOA measurements. In our solution the full set of the available TDOA measurements is exploited in order to increase the number of nuisance parameters, which are range estimates from the source to the sensors. Simulation results show that these nuisance parameters are useful to obtain accurate vertical source location estimates, even when quasi coplanar sensors are employed.
Selected Spotlights on Informatics Education in Austrian Schools

In this paper we take a look on Informatics education in Austrian primary and secondary schools. The development of two reference models for digital competence and Informatics education should be seen as a big conceptual step forward, but regarding its nationwide implementation there is still a long way to go. Further, we report on a promising local initiative in Informatics for primary education as an outreach program. Then the current status of the development of a “curriculum reform light” for the obligatory subject Informatics in the 9 grade is pointed out. And finally, a major reform of the school leaving exam (Matura) at academic secondary schools including Informatics has been implemented in 2015 for the first time. In the last chapter we reflect on its general conditions, first experiences and results.
Recombination‐dependent mtDNA partitioning: in vivo role of Mhr1p to promote pairing of homologous DNA

Yeast mhr1‐1 was isolated as a defective mutation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) recombination. About half of mhr1‐1 cells lose mtDNA during growth at a higher temperature. Here, we show that mhr1‐1 exhibits a defect in the partitioning of nascent mtDNA into buds and is a base‐substitution mutation in MHR1 encoding a mitochondrial matrix protein. We found that the Mhr1 protein (Mhr1p) has activity to pair single‐stranded DNA and homologous double‐stranded DNA to form heteroduplex joints in vitro, and that mhr1‐1 causes the loss of this activity, indicating its role in homologous mtDNA recombination. While the majority of the mtDNA in the mother cells consists of head‐to‐tail concatemers, more than half of the mtDNA in the buds exists as genome‐sized monomers. The mhr1‐1 δcce1 double mutant cells do not maintain any mtDNA, indicating the strict dependence of mtDNA maintenance on recombination functions. These results suggest a mechanism for mtDNA inheritance similar to that operating in the replication and packaging of phage DNA.
Religion and psychiatric practice.

The author is an ordained clergyman of the Baptist Union of Western Canada, serv­ ing actively as a minister to a Baptist con­ gregation. He is also associated with a uni­ versity department of psychiatry as a staff psychiatrist and associate professor. During the past three years he has received many requests from clergy and physicians for con­ sultation and continuing care of patients who request to see him because they know of his religious commitments to the authority of the Bible and the sovereignty of Jesus Christ, in an evangelical denominational setting.
Bleeding spectrum in children with moderate or severe von Willebrand disease: Relevance of pediatric‐specific bleeding

The bleeding phenotype of children with von Willebrand disease (VWD) needs to be characterized in detail to facilitate diagnosis during childhood and aid in the planning and assessment of treatment strategies. The objective was to evaluate the occurrence, type, and severity of bleeding in a large cohort of children with moderate and severe VWD. We included 113 children (aged 0–16 years) with Type 1 (n = 60), 2 (n = 44), and 3 (n = 9) VWD with von Willebrand factor (VWF) antigen and/or VWF ristocetin cofactor levels ≤ 30 U/dL from a nation‐wide cross‐sectional study (“Willebrand in the Netherlands” study). Bleeding severity and frequency were determined using the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis‐Bleeding Assessment Tool (ISTH‐BAT) with supplementary pediatric‐specific bleeding symptoms (umbilical stump bleeding, cephalohematoma, cheek hematoma, conjunctival bleeding, postcircumcision and postvenipuncture bleeding). We found that all 26 postmenarche girls experienced menorrhagia. Other common bleedings were cutaneous (81%), oropharyngeal (64%), prolonged bleeding from minor wounds (58%), and epistaxis (56%). Pediatric‐specific bleeding symptoms were present in 44% of patients. ISTH‐BAT bleeding score was higher in index cases than in affected family members (median, 12.0 vs. 6.5, P < 0.001), higher in Type 3 VWD than in Type 2 or 1 (17.0 vs. 10.5 or 6.5, P < 0.001) and higher in children with severe (<10 U/dL) than moderate VWD (10–30 U/dL) (11.0 vs. 7.0, P < 0.001). Frequency of any bleeding, epistaxis, and oral cavity was higher in types 2 and 3 than in Type 1 VWD and was associated with VWF levels. We conclude that pediatric‐specific bleeding symptoms occurred in a large proportion of children with moderate or severe VWD and should be included when evaluating children for VWD. Am. J. Hematol. 90:1142–1148, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.