Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Constraints on Indian plate motion since 20 Ma from dense Russian magnetic data: Implications for Indian plate dynamics

We use more than 230,000 km of Russian marine magnetic and bathymetric data from the Carlsberg and northern Central Indian ridges, comprising one of the most geographically extensive, dense shipboard surveys anywhere in the ocean basins, to describe in detail seafloor spreading since 20 Ma along the trailing edge of the Indian plate. India‐Somalia plate rotations for ∼1 Myr intervals over the past 20 Myr are derived from inversions of more than 6600 crossings of 20 magnetic reversals and ∼1400 crossings of fracture zones that offset these two ridges. Statistical analysis of the numerous data indicates that outward displacement of reversal boundaries due to finite seafloor emplacement widths and correlated noise for anomaly crossings from individual spreading segments constitute two distinct sources of systematic bias in the locations of magnetic anomaly crossings, contrary to the often‐made assumption that random, Gaussian‐distributed noise dominates the error budget. Seafloor spreading rates slowed gradually by 30% from 20 Ma to 10 ± 1 Ma about a relatively stationary pole of rotation. From 11 Ma to 9 Ma the rotation axis migrated several angular degrees toward the plate boundary, modestly increasing the spreading gradient along the plate boundary. India‐Somalia kinematic data for times since ∼9 Ma are consistent with remarkably steady motion, with no evidence for a change in either the rotation pole or rate of angular opening within the few percent precision of our data. The timing and nature of changes in India‐Somalia motion since 20 Ma closely resemble those for the Capricorn‐Somalia plate pair, indicating that India and Capricorn plate motions are strongly coupled. We speculate that the slowdown in seafloor spreading at the trailing edges of the Indo‐Capricorn composite plate from 20 Ma to 10 ± 1 Ma resulted from the increasing amount of work that was needed to build topography in the Himalayan collisional zone. The transition to stable India‐Somalia and Capricorn‐Somalia seafloor spreading at ∼10–9 Ma corresponds well with the onset at 8 Ma of folding and faulting across an equatorial plate boundary separating the Indian and Capricorn plates, suggesting that the latter may have played a fundamental role in restoring equilibrium between the torques that were driving and resisting the northward motions of the Indian and Capricorn plates.
Control and Estimation in Finite State Multi-Agent Systems : A Finite Field Approach

We study multi-agent systems where the state of each agent is constrained to lie in a finite set. We first consider the problem of putting all agents into a desired state using a set of leader agents that update their states in a coordinated manner. We present a novel solution to this problem by viewing the discrete states of each agent as elements of a finite field, and employ a linear iterative strategy whereby at each time-step, each agent updates its state to be a linear combination (over the finite field) of its own state and the states of its neighbors. By developing a theory of structured system controllability over finite fields, we show that this linear strategy will succeed as long as there is a path from the leaders to every node, and the size of the finite field (i.e., the finite set) is large enough. Using the duality of control and estimation in linear systems, we also show that our results can be applied to the problem of information dissemination in networks of agents, where each agent can only transmit and operate on elements from a finite set, and a certain subset of agents is required to aggregate all of the initial values held by the entire set of agents.
TEE Guided Surgical Treatment in Active Infective Endocarditis: Results of a Single Centre Four Year Experience

Background: Recently developed strategies (valve repair, homograft implantation) may improve clinical outcome in surgical treatment of infective endocarditis. Careful TEE examination may allow to choice the proper surgical treatment in relation to observed anatomic abnormalities. Aim of present investigation was to analyse survival and recurrent endocarditis in patients in whom
Social support and digital inequality: Does Internet use magnify or mitigate traditional inequities in support availability?

ABSTRACT This study tested competing predictions about the implications of Internet use for traditional inequities in social support availability. Using survey data collected as part of the Pew Internet and American Life Project, inequities in social support availability stemming from demographic and network-related factors were examined among non-users, Internet users, and Internet users who also participated in a social network site (SNS). The results offered evidence consistent with the social compensation perspective. Traditional inequities in support availability related to age, race, and total network size persisted among respondents who did not use the Internet, but were less evident or absent among Internet users and/or Internet users who participated in an SNS. Using the Internet to connect with others appeared to be an important mechanism through which inequality in support availability was mitigated.
Pharmacoepidemiological Studies Using the Veterans Affairs Decision Support System

Over the past decade, we have utilized the Veterans Affairs (VA) Decision Support System (DSS) database to identify medications that are associated with a reduced incidence and progression of dementia. Our studies identify two general classes of medications that are associated with reductions in the incidence of dementia, compared to a group of patients with similar cardiovascular risk profiles (Li et al., 2010; Wolozin et al., 2000; Wolozin et al., 2007). We have shown that simvastatin, a medication that blocks synthesis of cholesterol, is associated with a significant reduction in the hazard ratio for incident dementia (HR 0.46, CI 0.44 – 0.48 p<0.0001) (Wolozin et al., 2007). Simvastatin has two primary effects. One effect is to lower cholesterol and a second effect, which is observed only at higher doses of simvastatin, is to reduce inflammation (Wolozin et al., 2006). The second major class of medications that are associated with reduced progression of dementia fall in the general category of angiotensin receptor blocking medications, which includes lisinopril, candesartan and valsartan (Li et al., 2010). In this work, the reduction in dementia incidence (HR, 0.81, C.I., 0.68 – 0.96, p=0.016) was not as striking as for statins, but we also examined nursing home admissions, where we observed a strong effect (HR, 0.51, CI 0.36 – 0.72, p=0.0001). In addition, we observed additive effects when angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) were used in addition to Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (Li et al., 2010). Finally, we have also examined the influence of coronary artery bypass on the incidence of dementia (Lee et al., 2005). This work was recently expanded upon to include an examination of the putative role of gaseous anesthetics on the incidence of dementia (no evidence supporting such a hypothesis was observed) (Vanderweyde et al., 2010).
Phytocoenotic originality of the N-Adriatic coastal sand dunes (Northern Italy) in the European context: The Stipa veneta-rich communities

Abstract The particular habitat of Stipa veneta, a priority species of the European Community Directive 92/43, is here described. The phytosociological analysis led to the description of a new association (Teucrio capitati-Chrysopogonetum grylli), endemic of the N-Adriatic fixed sand dunes. Given the high importance of the species, the conservation of its specific community should be included in a broad protection plan of this unique coastal system in the European context.
ERP non-implementation : a case study of a UK furniture manufacturer

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are pervasive information systems that have been fundamental in organisations for the past two decades. ERP systems may well count as the most important development in technology in the 1990s’. There are many ERP success stories; equally there are as many failure stories. This paper reviews current literature of the Critical Success Factors (CSF) of ERP implementations. This review will be used in conjunction with the case of a UK furniture manufacturer’s (Company X) implementation of an ERP system. This paper considers the factors that resulted in the failure of the ERP at Company X in the initial phase of the implementation.
Using ultrasound to predict body composition changes in steers at 100, 65, and 30 days before harvest

Steers from research breeding projects (n=404) were serially scanned using RealTime Ultrasound (RTU) at 30-day intervals from re-implant time until slaughter. Cattle were evaluated for rump fat depth, longissimus muscle area (REA), 12th rib fat thickness (FAT), and percent intramuscular fat (PFAT) to determine the predictability of carcass composition at extended periods before slaughter. Additional background information on the cattle, such as weight, gain, breed of sire, implant and frame score was also utilized. Carcass data was collected by trained personnel at "chain speed," and samples of the l21h rib longissimus muscle were taken for ether extract analysis to determine PFAT estimates. Simple correlation coefficients showed moderately high positive relationship between RTU measures taken less than 7 days before slaughter and carcass measures: REA (r = .66); FAT (r = .74); and PFAT (r = .61). Correlation coefficients for RTU measures taken 96-105 days before harvest and carcass values were: REA (r = .52); FAT (r = .58); and PFAT (r = .63). Regression equations were then developed for the carcass measurements; 46% of the variation could be explained for REA, 44% of rib fat and 46% of marbling at re-implant time. Age of the animal (p < .01) and frame score (p < .0001) were significant predictors of carcass ribeye area. Rump fat (p< .0001) and PFAT (p< .01) were important predictors of carcass 12th rib fat. Average daily gain was also important in the prediction of carcass marbling score (p< .01). Additional regressions at 61-69 days and 27-41 days before slaughter showed similar results, with R-squared values logically explaining more of the variation closer to the harvest date. Live ultrasound measure is a viable option for assessing carcass composition at re-implant time and predicting final quality and yield grades.
Injury Related Deaths in Singapore

Background Injury is the commonest cause of morbidity and mortality amongst the younger age groups. Management of injuries has been identified as one of the major health issues facing our community. The study objective was to define the epidemiology of injury related deaths in Singapore. Methods A nationwide review of all deaths arising as a result of injury in 1995 was conducted. Results There were 913 cases with an injury mortality rate of 27 per 100,000 population. Ninety-seven percent (97%) were due to blunt injury. Falls from heights from deliberate self-harm was the commonest mechanism, followed by motor vehicle collisions (MVC). Fifty-two percent (52%) of MVC deaths were motorcyclists or pillion riders. Sixty-six percent (66%) of all deaths occurred in the prehospital phase. Central nervous system injury was the main cause of hospital deaths. Conclusion Results from this study will help our community focus on the appropriate preventive strategies to reduce mortality and the cost of injuries to our society.
How do healthcare professionals and lay people learn interactively? A case of transprofessional education

Lay people without a body of specialty knowledge, like the professionals, have not been able to partake in interprofessional education (IPE). Transprofessional education (TPE), which was defined as IPE with non-professionals /lay people, is an important extension of (IPE). A TPE programme was developed to explore how health professionals and lay people learn with, from and about each other in a Japanese community. The present study was conducted in a hospital and the surrounding community in Japan. An ethnographic study design was adopted, and the study participants were six lay individuals from the community and five professionals working in the community-based hospital. During the health education classes, the first author acted as a facilitator and an observer. On reviewing interview data and field notes using a thematic analysis approach, findings showed that healthcare professionals and lay participants progressed through uniprofessional and interprofessional before achieving transprofessional learning. Both type of participants became to transcend boundaries after sharing their viewpoints in a series of classes and recognized that they were important partners in their local community step by step, which increased their sense of belonging to the community. The transformation was driven by dynamic interaction of the following four factors: reflection, dialogue, reinforcement of ties, and expanding roles. We believe this process led both groups to come to feel collective efficacy and inspire healthcare professionals to reflect on their transprofessional learning. We clarified how healthcare professionals and lay people achieved transprofessional learning in a TPE programme where participants advanced through uniprofessional, interprofessional stage before achieving transprofessional learning.
Aalborg Universitet The somatotopic representation of nociceptive stimuli in perceptual space Trojan

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Formulation And Evaluation Of Pimozide Buccal Mucoadhesive Patches

Pimozide is an anti-psychotic agent whose bioavailability is 40-50% because of first pass metabolism. The tmax of pimozide after oral administration is 4-12 hr, which is long and variable. Hence, Pimozide is a suitable drug for buccal drug delivery. log P of pimozide is 5.3432. Pimozide patches were prepared using HPMC (15 & 47 cps), carbopol 934, PVA, and PVP. FTIR and UV spectroscopic methods revealed no interaction between pimozide and polymers. The patches were evaluated for their thickness uniformity, folding endurance, weight uniformity, content uniformity, swelling behaviour, tensile strength, and surface pH. Data of in vitro release from patches were fit to different equations and kinetic models to explain release kinetics. Kinetic models used were zero and first-order equations, Hixon-Crowell, Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas models. Good correlation among in vitro release and in vivo absorption of pimozide was observed. Short-term stability study revealed that drug content decreased in various patches.
A new carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina

A new carcharodontosaurid theropod from the Huincul Formation (Aptian-Cenomanian, Upper Cretaceous) of Neuquen Province, Argentina, is described. Approximately the same size as Giganotosaurus carolinii Coria & Salgado, 1995, Mapusaurus roseae n. gen., n. sp. is characterized by many features including a deep, short and narrow skull with relatively large triangular antorbital fossae, relatively small maxillary fenestra, and narrow, unfused rugose nasals. Mapusaurus roseae n. gen., n. sp. has cervical neural spines and distally tapering epipophyses, tall dorsal neural spines, central pleurocoels as far back as the first sacral vertebra, accessory caudal neural spines, stout humerus with poorly defined distal condyles, fused metacarpals, ilium with brevis fossa extending deeply into ischial peduncle, and femur with low fourth trochanter. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that Mapusaurus n. gen. shares with Carcharodontosaurus Stromer, 1931 and Giganotosaurus Coria & Salgado, 1995 several derived features that include narrow blade-like teeth with wrinkled enamel, heavily sculptured facial bones, supraorbital shelf formed by a postorbital/palpebral complex, and a dorsomedially directed femoral head. Remains of Mapusaurus n. gen. were recovered from a bonebed where 100% of the identifiable dinosaur bones can be assigned to this new genus. Based on the metatarsals recovered, a minimum of seven individuals was buried at the site. It is conceivable that this bonebed represents a long term or coincidental accumulation of carcasses. The presence of a single carnivorous taxon with individuals of different ontogenic stages provides evidence of variation within a single population, and may also indicate some behavioural traits for Mapusaurus roseae n. gen., n. sp.
Development of a General Hearing Conservation Standard for Diving Operations: Research on Hearing-Conservation for Exposure to Noise in Dry Hyperbaric Environments: I. Basic Considerations and Preliminary Experiments.

Abstract : The Navy needs to control noise exposure in hyperbaric chambers and diving helmets but the applicability of existing hearing-conservation standards to those environments is uncertain. Consequently, a program of research has been undertaken to develop suitable control measures. The specific goals of the research described in this report were to develop means of insuring accurate calibrations of microphones and earphones in hyperbaric environments, to determine the feasibility of measuring valid auditory thresholds in the NSMRL hyperbaric facility, and to obtain preliminary data bearing on the effects of noise in compressed air on the ear. Condenser microphones were calibrated in compressed air to 10 atmospheres and the results were highly similar to previous studies. Providing care is used in handling them, and calibration are preformed in suitable gas it should not be necessary to calibrate condenser micro-phones in diving environments more than once a year for routine noise measurement (sound survey) purposes. Calibration studies should be undertaken to determine the performance of ceramic microphones that are less expensive and more rugged than condenser microphones for use in compressed air environments. Several earphones were also calibrated in compressed air but the results were not consistent for most earphones and instrumentation for in situ calibration of earphones on each dive should be developed. However, careful selection of earphones and pre- and post experiment calibrations may be relied upon for experiments in compressed air. It was demonstrated that with minimal precaution, valid auditory threshold measurements can be obtained in the NSMRL hyperbaric chamber. The ear appears to be less sensitive to noise in compressed air at 3 atm than it is in air at 1 atm if sound is measured in terms of sound pressure.
Artificially Heated Bone at Low Temperatures: A Quantitative Scanning-small-angle X-Ray Scattering Imaging Study of the Mineral Particle Size

The ultrastructure of bovine femoral bone artificially heated at low temperatures (< 300 °C) is investigated by means of synchrotron quantitative scanning-SAXS imaging. Significant changes in the distribution of particle size are observed upon heating. On average, an exponential particle growth is measured with increasing temperature independently of the tissue histology. Additionally, the heating process induces a broader dispersion in the particle size which, in turn, seems to be dependent on the bone microstructure. Those parameters could therefore be used as markers in the characterization of archaeological bone presenting traces of heating.
Typology of camel farming system in Saudi Arabia

A field survey involving 218 camel farmers from the northern, eastern and central part of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was implemented in order to collect data on the status of the owner, herd composition and characteristics, feeding practices, moving strategies and disease prevention practices. The method used was Ascending Hierarchical Clustering, a well-adapted technique in case of exploratory approach. After automatic classification analysis of four groups of variables describing the farmer, its herd, some of its practices and the disease prevention practices, a final analysis regarding the clusters of these four items, allowed to identify 4 global types of farming systems with 2 sub-types in each main type. The explaining factors allowed distinguishing camel farms linked to the desert life in opposition to urban people having multi-activity. However, the integration to market could be variable whatever the opposition desert/city. A part of the people living in desert could improve their management and some of the urban owners have camel mainly for social aspect.
Secondary Market Trading and the Cost of New Debt Issuance

This article shows that secondary market structure and trading activity impact real firm activity. Using the staggered implementation of TRACE, we show that market transparency improvements lead to increased investment and show that greater illiquidity is associated with lower levels of investment. We also document two channels through which secondary markets impact real firm activity, access to and cost of capital. Specifically, we show that TRACE listing increases public bond issuance, decreases bank borrowing and equity issuances, and that higher illiquidity raises borrowing costs. Collectively, our findings provide a direct link between secondary market activity and the real economy.
3D Metamaterial Based on a Regular Array of Resonant Dielectric Inclusions

The 3D regular lattice of bi-spherical dielectric resonant inclusions arranged in a cubic lattice as two sets of spheres made from the same dielectric material having different radii and embedded in a host dielectric material with lower dielectric permittivity was carefully investigated. The magnetic resonance corresponding to the first Mie resonance in the spherical particles is followed by forming a regular array of effective magnetic dipoles, and the structure of the identical spherical dielectric resonators can be designed as an isotropic μ-negative 3D-metamaterial. For the electric resonance it was found experimentally and by the simulation that the resonant response of the electric dipole was weakly pronounced and the μ-negative behavior was remarkably suppressed. To enhance the electric dipole contribution we considered another kind of the symmetry of the bi-spherical arrangement of the particles corresponding to the body-centered cubic symmetry instead of the symmetry of NaCl analog considered previously. Electromagnetic properties of a volumetric structure based on a regular lattice of identical cubic dielectric particles is also considered and analyzed as μ-negative metamaterial. The cubic particle based 3D-metamaterial is preferable for practical realization as compared with the spherical inclusions.