Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Methyl Bromide for Control of Different Life Stages of Stored-Product Psocids

ABSTRACT The psocid species Liposcelis paeta Pearman, Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein), Liposcelis decolor (Pearman), Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae), and Lepinotus reticulatus Enderlein (Psocoptera: Trogiidae) were evaluated in laboratory bioassays to determine their susceptibility to six concentrations of methyl bromide (0.027, 0.113, 0.280, 0.393, 0.452, and 0.616 g/m3) after 48 h of exposure at 27.5°C. The life stages that were evaluated were adults (for all species), nymphs (for all species except Lep. reticulatus), and eggs (for L. entomophila, L. decolor, and L. bostrychophila). Adults and nymphs were very susceptible, and complete mortality was recorded at concentrations between 0.027 and 0.280 g/m3. In contrast, eggs were by far more tolerant than adults and nymphs for all species tested. At 0.027 g/m3, mortality did not exceed 53%, while survival was high even at 0.113 g/m3. Complete (100%) egg mortality was recorded at 0.393 g/m3 for L. decolor and at 0.452 g/m3 for L. entomophila and L. bostrychophila; concentrations estimated to give 99% mortality for eggs of these three species were 0.710, 1.044, and 0.891 g/m3, respectively. These results show that stored-product psocids are susceptible to methyl bromide, but concentrations of ≥0.452 g/m3 should be used to control all life stages.
Correlation Between Advanced , Structure-Specific Ground Motion Intensity Measures and Damage Indices

The present paper investigates the correlation between a number of advanced, structure-specific ground motion intensity measures and the structural damage to multistorey r/c regular and irregular frames. The examined intensity measures are determined via eigenvalue and pushover analyses and they reflect the effects of inelastic behavior. The structural damage is expressed by means of: i) the overall structural damage index, ii) the peak roof drift ratio and iii) the peak interstorey drift ratio. Nonlinear dynamic analyses for thirty three ground motions and three intensity levels are performed. The results show that the overall structural damage index seems to be the more appropriate engineering demand parameter to correlate with ground motion intensity measures. Furthermore, the intensity measures which take into consideration the effects of inelastic behavior through the spectral shape indicate the strongest correlation with the structural damage for low as well as high nonlinear range. This is valid for regular as well as irregular frames.
Extent of surgery in the management of phyllodes tumor of the breast: a retrospective multicenter study from India.

INTRODUCTION Phyllodes tumor (PT) is a rare tumor of the breast. Usually, difficulty in making preoperative diagnoses and unpredictable clinical outcome of this disease leads to inappropriate management. Till date, no definite conclusion regarding the appropriate surgical procedure can be drawn. OBJECTIVES The objective of this retrospective study is to study the clinicopathological correlation of phyllodes tumors in North-Central part of the India and also to evaluate efficacy of the various surgical options available for the management of phyllodes tumors of the breast. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study of 24 cases from the archives of department of surgery of three tertiary institutes of North-Central part of India. We reviewed the clinical, pathological features of this disease entity with a view to highlight relevant features. We also analyzed various surgical options done for primary as well as recurrent PT. RESULTS The breast masses in our study were particularly large. The mean size of the lump was 9.5 +/- 5.5 cm (range was 4.0-23 cm). Histopathological report was benign, borderline, and malignant PT in 62.4%, 20.8%, and 16.8% of the cases, respectively. Overall, 31 surgical procedures (24 in primary and 7 in recurrent) were performed. Simple lumpectomy, wide local excision and simple mastectomy were done in 25%, 27.4% and 27.4% of primary (non-recurrent) cases of PT, respectively. Modified radical mastectomy and simple mastectomy with LD flap reconstruction was done in 7.2% and 2.4% in primary cases, respectively in recurrent cases, simple mastectomy was done in four cases and modified radical mastectomy was done in one case. Overall, recurrence was seen in 29.2% of the cases. The median time for recurrence was 6 months (range 5.0-36 months). 90% (6/7) of recurrence occurred in lumpectomy patients. CONCLUSION The unpredictable behavior of histological types and the disputable results of particular surgical procedures have contributed to the controversies. The therapeutic issue is further compounded by an imprecise preoperative diagnosis. This study shows that wide local excision for benign and borderline and simple mastectomy with or without reconstruction for the malignant PT of the breast are acceptable best surgical options.
Unexpected synergism between Tetrodotoxin and μ-conotoxin in blocking voltage-gated sodium channels

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is the quintessential ligand of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaVs). Like TTX, μ-conotoxin peptides are pore blockers, and both toxins have helped to define the properties of neurotoxin receptor Site 1 of NaVs. Here, we report unexpected results showing that the recently discovered μ-conotoxin KIIIA and TTX can simultaneously bind to Site 1 and act in concert. Results with saturating concentrations of peptide applied to voltage-clamped Xenopus oocytes expressing brain NaV1.2, and single-channel recordings from brain channels in lipid bilayers, show that KIIIA or its analog, KIIIA[K7A], block partially, with a residual current that can be completely blocked by TTX. In addition, the kinetics of block by TTX and peptide are each affected by the prior presence of the other toxin. For example, bound peptide slows subsequent binding of TTX (an antagonistic interaction) and slows TTX dissociation when both toxins are bound (a synergistic effect on block). The overall functional consequence resulting from the combined action of the toxins depends on the quantitative balance between these opposing actions. The results lead us to postulate that in the bi-liganded NaV complex, TTX is bound between the peptide and the selectivity filter. These observations refine our view of Site 1 and open new possibilities in NaV pharmacology.
The Division of Parental Transfers in Europe

In the extensively studied equal division puzzle, one finds very large shares of equal bequests and unequal inter-vivos transfers given to adult children. However, such puzzle is less evident in Europe as we find a higher prevalence of parents giving equal inter-vivos transfers. We argue that altruistic parents are also concerned with norms of equal division. Thus, parents do not fully offset child income inequality. The parents start to give larger transfers to poorer children if the child income inequality becomes unbearable from the parent’s view. We find econometric evidence for this behavior using microeconomic data of 12 European countries from the two waves of the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).
Comparison of molecular species identification for North Sea calanoid copepods (Crustacea) using proteome fingerprints and DNA sequences

Calanoid copepods play an important role in the pelagic ecosystem making them subject to various taxonomic and ecological studies, as well as indicators for detecting changes in the marine habitat. For all these investigations, valid identification, mainly of sibling and cryptic species as well as early life history stages, represents a central issue. In this study, we compare species identification methods for pelagic calanoid copepod species from the North Sea and adjacent regions in a total of 333 specimens. Morphologically identified specimens were analysed on the basis of nucleotide sequences (i.e. partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and complete 18S rDNA) and on proteome fingerprints using the technology of matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS). On all three molecular approaches, all specimens were classified to species level indicated by low intraspecific and high interspecific variability. Sequence divergences in both markers revealed a second Pseudocalanus species for the southern North Sea identified as Pseudocalanus moultoni by COI sequence comparisons to GenBank. Proteome fingerprints were valid for species clusters irrespective of high intraspecific variability, including significant differences between early developmental stages and adults. There was no effect of sampling region or time; thus, trophic effect, when analysing the whole organisms, was observed in species‐specific protein mass spectra, underlining the power of this tool in the application on metazoan species identification. Because of less sample preparation steps, we recommend proteomic fingerprinting using the MALDI‐TOF MS as an alternative or supplementary approach for rapid, cost‐effective species identification.
First Report of Two Rare Entities in a Family: 49,XXXXY and 45,X

Abstract 49,XXXXY and 45,X syndromes are sex chromosome aneuploidies in which the affected individuals present with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, short or long stature, and skeletal malformations. Psychological, endocrinological, and orthopaedic disorders constitute the major problems in the clinical follow-up. We report a family with two rare entities: 49,XXXXY and 45, X. Sex chromosome abnormalities should especially be in mind in the evaluation of patients with micropenis, mental retardation, and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Management mandates a multidisciplinary approach with pediatric endocrinology, pediatric surgery, orthopaedics, psychiatry, and clinical genetic evaluations. To our knowledge, our cases are the first to report the sibling patients with 49,XXXXY and 45,X.
NON-DESTRUCTIVE TECHNIQUES FOR CORROSION MONITORING IN RC STRUCTURAL MEMBERS Y

One of the major reasons behind the failure of Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures is the corrosion of structural rebars. As a result of the premature corrosion of reinforcement, the service life of the structures reduces and thus arise the need of indispensable repairs or replacement due to which huge governmental budget is spent annually. On the other hand, effective and early detection of the corrosion process helps to limit the extent of necessary repairs or replacement leading to a reduction in the cost associated with rehabilitation work. Thus, efficient monitoring techniques are required for assessment of the corrosion level in these structures so that the necessary maintenance and repair is carried out. It is therefore required to identify any possible durability problems within structures before they become serious. For the same, Nondestructive techniques (NDT) are found to be instrumental for in-situ evaluation of corrosion in structural rebars. This paper presents an overview of various non-destructive techniques for monitoring corrosion level in the reinforced concrete structures.
Psychosocial correlates of safe sex communication between Latina women and their stable male partners: an integrative review

ABSTRACT Latina women in stable relationships have risks for human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections. Improving safe sexual communication (SSC) could enable women to accurately assess and mitigate their risk of infection within their relationship. Literature to identify psychosocial correlates that facilitate or inhibit SSC between Latina women and their partners has not yet been synthesized. The purpose of this study was to conduct an integrative review and synthesis of empirical and theoretical research that examines psychosocial correlates of SSC among adult Latina women from the United States, Latina America, and the Caribbean with stable male partners. A systematic search of LILACS, EBSCO, and PsychInfo databases was conducted to identify qualitative and quantitative studies that investigated psychosocial correlates of SSC among adult Latina women with a stable male partner. Pertinent data were abstracted and quality of individual studies was appraised. A qualitative synthesis was conducted following Miles and Huberman’s method. Five qualitative and three quantitative studies meet eligibility criteria. Factors related to SSC related to three main themes: (1) relationship factors such as length, quality, and power/control, (2) individual factors including attitudes, beliefs, background, behaviors, and intrapersonal characteristics, and (3) partner factors related to partner beliefs and behaviors. The interplay of relationship, individual, and partner factors should be considered in the assessment of SSC for Latina women with their stable partners. To inform future interventions and clinical guidelines, additional research is needed to identify which factors are most related to SSC for this population, and how comparable experiences are for Latina women of different subcultures and living in different countries.
Effects of cytokinins on growth and auxin in coleoptiles of derooted Avena seedlings.

It is known that removal of the endosperm (deseeding) reduces subsequent auxin production in the oat coleoptile tip and the "regeneration of the physiological tip" (auxin production) in the decapitated coleoptile as determined by the quantities of auxin which are secreted into agar blocks and assayed by the Avena curvature test (10). This decrease in auxin production is associated with parallel decreases in growth rate and geotropic responses of the coleoptile. However, the capacity of the coleoptile to respond to unilaterally applied auxin (the curvature response) is increased in deseeded plants as compared with intact controls, mainly owing to an increase in the time of active bending. Van Overbeek (11) found that removal of the roots of the Avena seedling brought about a similar decrease in auxin production and an increase in the curvature response of the coleoptile to unilaterally applied auxin. Subsequently Went (13, 14) showed that, in tomatoes, shoot growth is dependent upon hormone-like substances supplied by the root. Mothes and co-workers (3, 8) have demonstrated that substances from the roots are required for the maintenance of chlorophyll, protein, and RNA levels in the leaves, and that in detached leaves these factors can be replaced by cytokinins. The above observations, together with the evidence for cytokinins in the transpiration stream of many plants (5-7) have led Mothes and others to conclude that the roots supply cytokinins needed for growth and normal metabolism in the shoot. Earlier work in this laboratory has shown that tobacco tissue cultures will grow without exogenous auxin if supplied with high levels of cytokinins, and we have now found that the tobacco cultures synthesize the auxin they require for growth. In the light of this effect of cytokinin on auxin biosynthesis, it appeared possible that the application of cytokinin would restore normal auxin production and growth rate in the coleoptiles of derooted seedlings. Results of experiments to test this premise are presented below.
Evidence of diphyodonty and heterochrony for dental development in euharamiyidan mammals from Jurassic Yanliao Biota

Evidences for tooth replacement of known euharamiyidans are reported based on eight specimens of four species from the Jurassic Yanliao Biota, Liaoning Province, China. Tooth morphologies, eruptional and wear condition, and tooth germs are directly observed and/or revealed by Micro CT or slab CL scan. The euharamiyidan dentition has definite number of cheek teeth and monophyodont molars that are related to precise occlusion. Incisor germs are found in three specimens of Arboroharamiya but not in Shenshou lui and Xianshou linglong. The incisor germs in the upper jaw, presumably I2, have a large crown with two or three cusps; those in the lower jaw, interpreted as the permanent i2, are positioned dorsal to the root of the erupted incisor, interpreted as di2. Comparing dental development within various ontogenetic stages, the incisor tooth germs in Arboroharamiya and Vilevolodon would replace the deciduous incisors in a much later time than when ultimate molars became fully erupted and functional, if it did happen. The available evidence indicates presence of diphyodonty in the loci of the ultimate lower premolar and incisor, which are common mammalian features potentially related to lactation and parental care. The prolonged or delayed eruptions of incisors and ultimate molars in Arboroharamiya and Vilevolodon are probably associated with the specialization of dentition, with emphasis on the P4/p4 chewing function, which should be an autapomorphy and represent a heterochronic shift of tooth replacement in terms of ontogenetic timing comparing to other “haramiyidians”. The heterochronic incisor replacement is probably owing to developmental suppression related to expansion of the premolars, and may have evolved independently multiple times within mammaliaforms.
Control of Runaway Electron Beams on Tore Supra

During the thermal quench of a disruption, the plasma current profile flattens and a huge toroidal electric field appears in the core plasma region. Thus fast electrons experiencing low collisionality can be freely accelerated up to several tens MeV. During the current quench an avalanching process takes place leading to a multiplication of these runaway electrons (RE). The impact of RE on the first wall is well localized due to their small pitch angle. The energy deposition may be huge and plasma facing components (PFC) damages are currently reported. The RE formation and their consequence on the machine components have been identified as a major issue for ITER operation [1]. RE beams lasting several seconds can be observed on Tore Supra for disruption occurring during the plasma current ramp-up [2]. A current of several hundred of kilo amps, corresponding to 20-60% of the pre-disruptive plasma current can be associated to these beams. Experiments have been recently carried out to better characterize these RE beams and to assess different means for mitigating the effects of their impacts on the first wall: a control of the RE beam position such as driving the RE on dedicated PFC, a time spreading of the energy loss associated to a decelerating electric field for reducing the thermal loads, the use of massive noble gas injection (He and Ar) for slowing-down the RE were investigated. The photoneutron production, associated with electrons above 8-10 MeV, was used as an indicator of the amount of RE hitting the wall. 1. Characterization of the RE plateau regime: The line integrated electron density profile during the RE flat-top regime was assessed using IR interferometer. Its typical behaviour is a decrease below 10 18 m -2 at the end of the current quench, and then it recovers to 1-1.5 10 19 m -2
Brain-type natriuretic peptide and right ventricular end-diastolic volume index measurements are imprecise estimates of circulating blood volume in critically ill subjects

BACKGROUND Surrogate indicators have often been used to estimate intravascular volume to guide fluid management. Brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been used as a noninvasive adjunct in the diagnosis of fluid overload and as a marker of response to therapy, especially in individuals with congestive heart failure. Similarly, right ventricular end-diastolic volume index (RVEDVI) measurements represent another parameter used to guide fluid resuscitation. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether BNP and RVEDVI are clinically valuable parameters that can distinguish among hypovolemia, euvolemia, and hypervolemia, as measured by blood volume (BV) analysis in critically ill surgical subjects. METHODS This observational study was part of a prospective, randomized controlled trial. Subjects with pulmonary artery catheters for the treatment of traumatic injuries, severe sepsis/septic shock, cardiovascular collapse, adult respiratory distress syndrome, and postsurgical care were studied. Circulating BV was measured by a radioisotope dilution technique using the BVA-100 Analyzer (Daxor Corporation, New York, NY) within the first 24 hours of acute resuscitation. BV results were reported as percent deviation from the patient’s ideal BV based on height and percent deviation from optimum weight. Hypovolemia was defined as less than 0%, euvolemia was defined as 0% to +16%, and hypervolemia was defined as greater than +16% deviation from ideal BV. RVEDVI was measured by continuous cardiac output pulmonary artery catheters (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA). BNP and RVEDVI measurements obtained with BV analysis were evaluated with Fisher’s exact test and regression analysis. RESULTS In 81 subjects, there was no difference in BV status between those with BNP of 500 pg/mL or greater and BNP of less than 500 pg/mL (p = 0.82) or in those with RVEDVI of 140 mL/m2 or greater and RVEDVI of less than 140 mL/m2 (p = 0.43). No linear relationship existed between BV and these parameters. CONCLUSION In critically ill surgical patients, BNP and RVEDVI were not associated with intravascular volume status, although they may be useful as indices that reflect increased cardiac preload. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Diagnostic study, level III.
Knowledge Boundaries and Spanning Practices in Configuring Packaged Systems

Abstract The implementation of organizational information systems (IS) typically involves collaborative work among business area personnel, IS professionals and information technology (IT) vendors or consultants. Knowledge boundaries exist between these domains of expertise, presenting problematic barriers in knowledge-intensive IS work. Our understanding of how IS project teams overcome knowledge barriers in practice remains limited. To investigate these issues we conducted an intensive field study of business user and IT consultant teamwork in a multi-site enterprise resource planning (ERP) configuration project. We assessed three types of knowledge boundaries (syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic) discussed by Carlile (2002; 2004) and identified a fourth boundary (authority-related). Each presented barriers to effective knowledge sharing in the user-consultant teams' collaborative work. We identified four situated practices (translating, illustrating, probing, and escalating) that project analysts, the designated boundary spanners, enacted to overcome barriers and assessed the implications of the practices for knowledge sharing outcomes (communication, integration, transformation, negotiation). Boundary-spanning competence entailed a variety of abilities, which project analysts developed and deepened through their enactment of spanning practices. Our study extends understanding of knowledge-intensive IS project work by integrating consideration of knowledge barriers, spanning practices, and knowledge sharing outcomes. Our study also provides practical insights for nurturing boundary-spanning competence.