Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differences in anger depending on sport performance in table tennis players

The aim of this study is to determine if there are differences in anger levels depending on sport performance in table tennis players. The sample consisted of 93 Spanish table tennis players, 20 players were professionals (21.50%) and 73 were amateur (78.49%). An ad hoc Sociodemographic Questionnaire and the Trait-State Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI 2), were used to measure the different variables. The results showed significant differences in external anger expression (p<.05), depending on league level where the players who took part in greater leagues showed lower levels of anger. Additionally, internal anger control (p<.05) and anger expression index (p<.05) reported significant differences depending on league level where the players who took part in greater leagues showed greater levels. It was concluded that there are differences in anger levels depending on division level. Therefore, it is important to coach players towards anger control in table tennis.
Suicidal children grow up: rates and psychosocial risk factors for suicide attempts during follow-up.

OBJECTIVE Rates and psychosocial risk factors for suicide attempts during a 6 to 8-year follow-up period were compared for 25 predominantly prepubertal inpatient suicide attempters, 28 inpatient suicidal ideators, 16 nonsuicidal inpatients, and 64 nonpatients. METHOD Standard research instruments were used to interview subjects and parents. Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for a suicide attempt in the follow-up. RESULTS No deaths occurred during follow-up. Suicide attempters were six times and suicidal ideators were three times more likely than were nonpatients to attempt suicide during follow-up. Poor social adjustment and mood disorder close to a recurrent suicide attempt were the strongest risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Risk assessment should focus on identifying symptoms of mood disorders and impaired social adjustment in children with histories of suicide attempts and psychiatric hospitalization.
Hystersisters: messages of social support in an online health support group for women

ABSTRACT Background: Online social support groups have become a popular source of health information for patients and the comments exchanged there can be regarded as a kind of social support. Purpose: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore and categorize messages of social support exchanged by hysterectomy patients who visited http://www.hystersisters.com during a six-week period. Two questions were examined: (a) which types of social support are most frequently exchanged on hystersisters.com? and (b) in what ways do women exchange social support on hystersisters.com? Method: A total of 200 messages posted were selected for analysis. Using Cutruna and Suhr’s coding framework and a grounded theory approach, messages were categorized within the coding framework and then analyzed to explore other emerging themes. Results: Findings revealed that informational and emotional support were exchanged most frequently, followed by esteem support, with network and tangible aid as the least frequently exchanged forms of support. Affection and relational support were the most frequently used sub-categories of social support overall, creating a unique sense of community that helped users to transcend their circumstances. Findings also revealed that the sharing of advice and encouragement through personal narratives promoted reciprocal self-disclosure and community-building. Conclusions: Further study should investigate which forms of social support are most effective in health-related online support groups and whether these forms of support result in feelings of self-efficacy, better interactions with health providers, and/or improved health outcomes. Recommendations for practitioners and suggestions for future research are provided.
T Cell Responses to Known Allergen Proteins Are Differently Polarized and Account for a Variable Fraction of Total Response to Allergen Extracts

A panel of 133 allergens derived from 28 different sources, including fungi, trees, grasses, weeds, and indoor allergens, was surveyed utilizing prediction of HLA class II-binding peptides and ELISPOT assays with PBMC from allergic donors, resulting in the identification of 257 T cell epitopes. More than 90% of the epitopes were novel, and for 14 allergen sources were the first ever identified to our knowledge. The epitopes identified in the different allergen sources summed up to a variable fraction of the total extract response. In cases of allergens in which the identified T cell epitopes accounted for a minor fraction of the extract response, fewer known protein sequences were available, suggesting that for low epitope coverage allergen sources, additional allergen proteins remain to be identified. IL-5 and IFN-γ responses were measured as prototype Th2 and Th1 responses, respectively. Whereas in some cases (e.g., orchard grass, Alternaria, cypress, and Russian thistle) IL-5 production greatly exceeded IFN-γ, in others (e.g., Aspergillus, Penicillum, and alder) the production of IFN-γ exceeded IL-5. Thus, different allergen sources are associated with variable polarization of the responding T cells. The present study represents the most comprehensive survey to date of human allergen-derived T cell epitopes. These epitopes might be used to characterize T cell phenotype/T cell plasticity as a function of seasonality, or as a result of specific immunotherapy treatment or varying disease severity (asthma or rhinitis).
Dim versus bright red (light‐emitting diode) light in the treatment of seasonal affective disorder

Forty‐three subjects with seasonal affective disorder were randomly assigned to receive 2 weeks of treatment with either bright‐ (mean 4106 lx) or dim‐light (mean 96 lx) therapy, using red light‐emitting diode light sources, in a head‐mounted unit. Defining response as a 50% reduction in the 21‐item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score to a post‐treatment score of less than 8, there was no significant difference in response rate between patients receiving bright light (67%) as compared with patients receiving dim light (68%). Possible explanations for the similar response rate to 2 very different illuminances of red light are discussed.
Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Activities of the Ethanolic Extract of Propolis in Male Mice and Rats

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are usually used to alleviate pain and Inflammation. The widespread use of NSAIDs has caused the risk and side effects of these drugs commonly increase. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) in male mice and rats. Methods: In this experimental study, EEP was prepared and administered in doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of body weight. The anti-inflammatory potential was assessed by inflammatory models of xylene-induced ear edema and cotton pellet granuloma tests, whereas the antinociceptive potential was assessed by formalin and acetic acid-induced writhing methods. Results: The EEP at doses of 100 (P < 0.05), 200 (P < 0.001) and 400 mg/kg (P < 0.001) significantly diminished the foundation of edema caused by xylene. A significant decrease was seen in granuloma weight in EEP at doses of 200 (P < 0.001) and 400 mg/kg (P < 0.001). The extract caused a significant decrease in licking time at first phase in EEP at 100 (P < 0.01), 200 (P < 0.001), and 400 mg/kg (P < 0.001). A significant decrease was observed (P < 0.001) in licking time at the second phase in EEP at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. In the writhing model, a significant decrease was observed in the number of writhes in EEP at doses of 100 (P < 0.05), 200 (P < 0.001), and 400 mg/kg (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this research showed that the ethanolic extract of propolis has considerable anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities.
Regression of canine cutaneous histiocytoma: reduced proliferation or increased apoptosis?

BACKGROUND/AIM Canine cutaneous histiocytoma (CCH) is a tumour that undergoes spontaneous regression. The aim of this study was to establish a possible relationship between regression of CCH and tumoural cell proliferation and apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunostaining with Ki-67 antigen and the terminal deoxytransferase (TdT) deoxyuridine-5'-triphosphated (dUTP) nick-end labelling (TUNEL) method were performed on 93 specimens of CCH, grouped into four histological groups. RESULTS The proliferative index evaluated with Ki-67 antigen expression was on average 23.56 ± 7.91%. The apoptotic index determined by the TUNEL method was on average 39.37 ± 5.87%. Neither the proliferative nor apoptotic index differed between histological groups. Moreover, the proliferative and apoptotic indices did not correlate significantly. However, apoptotic activity was higher than proliferative activity in almost all tumours. CONCLUSION A reduction of proliferation or an increase of apoptosis does not appear to justify regression of CCH. However, our results suggest that an imbalance between cell proliferation and apoptotic cell death plays a significant role in spontaneous regression of CCH.
Business Ethics - Evidence from Korea

This study investigates business ethics attitudes and practices in South Korea through a questionnaire survey conducted in 2015. The survey represents a replication of a similar study conducted in 2005 so that the change in business ethics perceptions between the years 2005 and 2015 could be examined. In detail, this papers looks into (1) ethical conflicts, (2) (un)ethical practices, (3) ethical dilemmas, (4) ethical standards, and (5) institutionalization of business ethics in Korean organizations. Overall, we find that the 2015 results are quite similar to those of the previous study. However, we can also observe increase in business ethics awareness among Korean respondents and overall improvement of ethical standards in Korea. Our findings also suggest that over time ethical perceptions of Korean respondents have been getting more similar to those of US' and Japanese respondents involved in a similar survey. Finally, we could observe increasing importance of code of ethics and punishment for unethical conduct as the most common tools used to institutionalize business ethics.
Stronger bone correlates with African admixture in African‐American women

Osteoporosis affects all populations, but the risk for low bone density and fracture varies greatly by self‐reported race and ethnicity. In this article, the relationship between measured percent African admixture and hip structural geometry, estimated from the hip structural analysis (HSA) program, was examined in a subcohort of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). The study sample included 793 African‐American women and 8559 non‐Hispanic white women. All the participants were postmenopausal, between the ages of 50 and 79 years, at the time of recruitment and were followed for up to 9 years. Bone density and hip geometry were assessed using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. African admixture was measured for African Americans using genetic ancestry informative markers. Multiple regression and mixed‐effects models were used for cross‐sectional and longitudinal analyses, respectively. Covariates assessed from questionnaires and physical measurements were included in the analysis to control for possible confounding effects. The study results show significant correlations between percent of African admixture and HSA assessments. In comparison with non‐Hispanic white women, significantly greater bone strength, as indicated by higher hip bone mineral density and stronger hip geometry, in women with higher African admixture was observed. However, women with higher percent African admixture had larger reductions in bone strength than non‐Hispanic white women during the follow‐up. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Brain angiogenesis inhibitor 1 is expressed by gastric phagocytes during infection with Helicobacter pylori and mediates the recognition and engulfment of human apoptotic gastric epithelial cells

After Helicobacter pylori infection in humans, gastric epithelial cells (GECs) undergo apoptosis due to stimulation by the bacteria or inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we assessed the expression and function of brain angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) in the engulfment of apoptotic GECs using human tissue and cells. After induction of apoptosis by H. pylori or camptothecin, there was a 5‐fold increase in the binding of apoptotic GECs to THP‐1 cells or peripheral blood monocyte‐derived macrophages as assayed by confocal microscopy or conventional and imaging flow cytometry. Binding was impaired 95% by pretreating apoptotic cells with annexin V, underscoring the requirement for phosphatidylserine recognition. The phosphatidylserine receptor BAI1 was expressed in human gastric biopsy specimens and gastric phagocytes. To confirm the role of BAI1 in apoptotic cell clearance, the functional domain of BAI1 was used as a competitive inhibitor or BAI1 expression was inhibited by small interfering RNA. Both approaches decreased binding and engulfment >40%. Exposing THP‐1 cells to apoptotic cells inhibited IL‐6 production from 1340 to <364 pg/ml; however, this decrease was independent of phagocytosis. We conclude that recognition of apoptotic cells by BAI1 contributes to their clearance in the human gastric mucosa and this is associated with anti‐inflammatory effects. —Das, S. , Sarkar, A. , Ryan, K. A. , Fox, S. , Berger, A. H. , Juncadella, I. J., Bimczok, D. , Smythies, L. E. , Harris, P. R. , Ravichandran, K. S. , Crowe, S. E. , Smith, P. D. , Ernst, P. B. Brain angiogenesis inhibitor 1 is expressed by gastric phagocytes during infection with Helicobacter pylori and mediates the recognition and engulfment of human apoptotic gastric epithelial cells. FASEB J. 28, 2214–2224 (2014). www.fasebj. org
Quitline in smoking cessation: A cost-effectiveness analysis

Objectives: The cost-effectiveness of the Swedish quitline, a nation-wide, free of charge service, is assessed. Methods: The study was based on data of a sample of 1,131 callers enrolled from February 1, 2000 to November 30, 2001. Outcome was measured as cost per quitter and cost per year of life saved. Cost per quitter was based on a calculation of the total cost of the quitline divided by the number of individuals who reported abstinence after 12 months. The cost per life year saved (LYS) was calculated by the use of data from the literature on average life expectancy for smokers versus quitters, the total cost of the quitline, and the cost of pharmacological treatment. Results: The number of smokers who used the quitline and reported abstinence after 1 year was 354 (31 percent). The accumulated number of life years saved in the study population was 2,400. The cost per quitter was 1,052–1,360 USD, and the cost per life year saved was 311–401 USD. A sensitivity analysis showed that, for outcomes down to an abstinence rate of 20 percent, the cost per LYS rose modestly, from 311 to 482 USD. Discounting the cost per LYS showed the cost to be 135 USD for 3 percent and 283 USD for 5 percent. Conclusions: The Swedish quitline is a cost-effective public health intervention compared with other smoking cessation interventions.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Oral Glucose Tolerance Test–Derived Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity Indexes in Subjects With Glucokinase Mutations (MODY2)

OBJECTIVE—We investigated the natural history of glucokinase (GCK)-related maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2 (MODY2), notably the factors associated with deterioration of hyperglycemia over time. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We report an 11-year follow-up of glucose tolerance and indexes of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity derived from oral glucose tolerance tests in 33 MODY2 subjects. RESULTS—The variation between tests of glucose tolerance (expressed as the area under the glucose curve) was 6.9 ± 3.2% (mean ± SEM), but individual results ranged from −20 to 61%. Deterioration of glucose tolerance between tests was associated with decreased insulin sensitivity, while insulin secretion remained stable. CONCLUSIONS—Glucose tolerance can remain stable over many years in subjects with MODY2 due to the relative stability of the GCK-related β-cell defect. However, the development of insulin resistance may have an important role in the deterioration of the glucose tolerance and in the long-term evolution of the disorder.
Time to first cigarette predicts cessation outcomes in adolescent smokers.

INTRODUCTION This study examined the relationship between the time to the first cigarette (TTFC) of the morning with quit status among adolescent smokers at the completion of a school-based smoking cessation program. Among those who did not quit, the relationship of TTFC with changes in cigarettes/day (CPD) was also examined. METHODS A total of 1,167 adolescent smokers (1,024 nonquitters and 143 quitters) from 4 states participating in efficacy and effectiveness studies of the Not-On-Tobacco (N-O-T) cessation program were assessed prior to entry into the program and again 3 months later at the end of treatment. Linear and logistic regression analyses determined the influence of treatment condition, age, gender, motivation to quit, confidence in quitting ability, baseline CPD, and TTFC on quit status and end-of-treatment CPD. RESULTS Adolescents with a TTFC of >30min of waking were twice as likely to quit at end of treatment. Additionally, among those who did not quit at end of treatment (n = 700 for TTFC ≤30min and n = 324 for TTFC for >30min), those with a TTFC within 30min of waking smoked a greater number of CPD. The relationships of TTFC with both of these outcomes remained when controlling for all other predictor variables. CONCLUSIONS Identifying adolescent smokers who smoke their first cigarette of the day within the first 30min of waking prior to a quit attempt may help to classify those individuals as having a greater risk for cessation failure. Thus, TTFC may be a behavioral indicator of nicotine dependence in adolescents.
Differences in urinary stress hormones in male and female nurses at different ages.

AIM The aim of this study was to assess the levels of urinary stress hormones in male and female nurses and to determine their contribution to sex-determined health outcomes. RATIONALE/BACKGROUND: While the use of questionnaires have shown that there is a high degree of stress in health care workers, these results are inconclusive. In this study a more objective approach was used by assessing the levels of urinary stress hormones, adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol. In premenopausal women oestrogen may attenuate sympathetic nervous system activity and the secretion of adrenaline and cortisol and therefore lower the stress response and incidence of stress-related illnesses. METHODS Three hundred and fifteen nurses of both sexes were separated into two age groups, 20-40 and 45-60 years, and for postmenopausal women into those taking or not taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Early morning urine sample were collected and stress hormones determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Urinary cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline levels were all increased with age in both sexes, with a greater difference in the younger age group compared with the older group. These hormones were lower in premenopausal women compared with male nurses of similar age. The difference between the sexes in the high age group was less compared with the lower one. Postmenopausal women on HRT had lower levels of these hormones. CONCLUSION The age-related changes were surprising but may be because of higher stress levels in the older groups of both sexes. However, the gender difference supports the view that oestrogen reduces sympathetic activity and the secretion of cortisol and adrenaline. HRT reduces the stress response and therefore may have additional benefits by reducing the level of stress-related illnesses. These results were surprising but may suggest that oestrogen reduces the stress response in women and therefore offers protection against stress-related disorders.
Yolk proteolysis in rainbow trout oocytes after serum‐free culture: Evidence for a novel biochemical mechanism of atresia in oviparous vertebrates

Our recent studies show little evidence for increased granulosa cell apoptosis during atresia in teleost follicles, in direct contrast to the mammalian model. Histological evidence suggests that atresia in many oviparous vertebrates involves proteolytic degradation of the energy‐rich yolk storage proteins within the oocyte. This study tests the hypothesis that physiological conditions that promote atresia (hormone withdrawal) lead to increased lysosomal protease activity in rainbow trout oocytes. We subjected rainbow trout ovarian follicles to conditions that promote atresia (serum‐free culture) for up to 72 hr, and measured the activity of lysosomal proteases using routine enzymatic assays. Furthermore, we used high performance liquid chromatography to quantify the increase in free amino acids resulting from proteolysis of yolk proteins. Concomitantly, we evaluated the extent of follicular apoptosis during prolonged serum‐free culture, using caspase‐3‐like activity and DNA fragmentation as indicators of apoptosis. Our results show a significant, time‐dependent increase in cathepsin L‐like, but not cathepsin D‐like, activity levels during culture in serum‐free medium; increased cathepsin L‐like activity is confirmed by a significant increase in oocyte free amino acid content after 72 hr culture. In contrast, we detected only a transient increase in apoptosis during prolonged serum‐free culture, as revealed through both radioactive 3′end‐labeling of oligonucleosomal DNA fragments, and caspase‐3‐like activity. The results of this study provide the first evidence for a novel mechanism of follicular atresia in teleosts involving cathepsin‐mediated yolk proteolysis. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 65: 219–227, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.