Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early Diagnosis on Oral and Potentially Oral Malignant Lesions: A Systematic Review on the VELscope® Fluorescence Method

The fluorescence method is an innovative technique used by pathologists for examining body mucosa, and for the abnormalities tissue screening, potentially leading to the earlier discovery of pre-cancer, cancer or other disease processes. The early detection is one of the best mechanisms for enabling treatment success, increasing survival rates and maintaining a high quality of life. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the clinical efficiency of this diagnostic tool applied to the oral cavity (VELscope®). A literature systematic review has been performed. The initial research provided 53 results after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and after a manual screening of the abstracts by the authors, only 25 results were eligible for review. The results and data contained in all the researches, no older than 10 years, were manually evaluated, and provided useful information on this diagnostic method. The VELscope® mean value about sensitivity and specificity resulted of 70.19% and 65.95%, respectively, by results analysis, but despite this some studies disagree about its clinical effectiveness, and this diagnostic method is still much debated in scientific and clinical medical literature. Surely being able to have efficient and effective tools from this point of view could help the clinician in the diagnosis, and also make timelier the pharmacological or surgical therapy, improving the quality of life of the patient, and in some cases guaranteeing a longer survival term.
Microcannula Injection of Large Gel Particle Hyaluronic Acid for Cheek Augmentation and the Correction of Age-Related Midface Contour Deficiencies.

BACKGROUND There is a growing trend toward the use of blunt-tip microcannulas for the treatment of midface volume loss with injectable hyaluronic acid. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of large gel particle hyaluronic acid with lidocaine, injected with a blunt-tip microcannula, for cheek augmentation and the correction of age-related midface contour deficiency. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty subjects with mild to substantial loss of midface fullness were treated to optimal correction. Adverse events (AEs) were obtained during each examination visit. Efficacy was evaluated using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale, the Medicis Midface Volume Scale (MMVS), and the FACE-Q subject satisfaction questionnaire through 16 weeks. RESULTS Five AEs were reported, with only one being considered injection procedure-related (mild presyncope). No serious AEs were reported. Global aesthetic improvements were reported for the majority of subjects (≥98.3% for investigator-assessed and ≥91.5% for subject-assessed) for up to 16 weeks. At 8 weeks, the MMVS responder rate was 100% and subject satisfaction scores (5/6 questions) in the FACE-Q were ≥91.5%. CONCLUSION Hyaluronic acid with lidocaine, injected with a blunt-tip microcannula, has a favorable safety profile and is effective up to 16 weeks for cheek augmentation and the correction of age-related midface contour deficiencies (NCT03160716).
Potential effects of advanced platelet rich fibrin as a wound-healing accelerator in the management of alveolar osteitis: A randomized clinical trial

Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine whether the use of advanced platelet rich fibrin based on the low speed+ centrifugation concept (A-PRF+) might improve the pain management and healing of delayed wound healing among cases of alveolar osteitis following mandibular third molar extraction. Materials and Methods: The patients (N = 40) with a complaint of alveolar osteitis following third molar extractions were divided into two groups: Group I (control; saline only); and Group II (use of A-PRF+). Pain was evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Soft tissue healing was assessed by the modified Index of Landry, Turnbull and Howley and bone density was assessed with the i-Dixel 2.1. 8.2 software. Inter-group comparisons were analyzed by means of a student t-test and the Mann Whitney U test to identify group samples. Analysis of variance and the Friedman test were applied for repeated measurements. The Wilcoxon test and Bonferroni's test for multiple comparisons were conducted at the time-factor level. Yates Correction was used to compare qualitative data. Results: In regard to pain, A-PRF+ application demonstrated rapidly and continually reduced pain intensity at each respective time in comparison to the control. Statistically, the healing rates of epithelium and hard tissue were significantly faster in the A-PRF+ application group (p: 0.000, P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results show that A-PRF+ might represent an improved and accelerating therapeutic development for hard and soft tissue healing in management of alveolar osteitis that is also effective in reducing pain.
Post-Traumatic Growth Following Exposure to Memorial Reports of the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake: The Moderating Roles of Self-Esteem and Long-Term PTSD Symptoms

Media exposure during a traumatic event has been found to be associated with negative psychological consequences. However, the post-disaster role of the mass media and the possible positive psychological consequences of media exposure has received less attention. In the present study, we hypothesized that exposure to memorial media reports would lead to improved post-traumatic growth (PTG). Further, we evaluated the moderating role of self-esteem and long-term post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in the relationship between media exposure and PTG. Using a cross-sectional design, we surveyed individuals (N = 1000, mean age = 45.62, 43.5% male) who were recruited from disaster-affected communities ten years after the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake which was the largest country-level trauma in the past three decades. Results revealed that individuals with lower self-esteem or lower PTSD symptoms would have higher psychological growth with greater exposure to memorial news reports. For individuals who reported having both high levels of self-esteem and PTSD symptoms, the relationship between media exposure and PTG was negative. These findings help present trauma in a new light, particularly regarding the rapid and instantaneous new coverage of the digital age. This study also has multi-disciplinary, cross-cultural, and clinical implications for the fields of psychology, public health, and communications.
Clinical validity and intrarater and test–retest reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐5 – Clinician Version (SCID‐5‐CV)

The Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM is one of the most used diagnostic instruments in clinical research worldwide. The current Clinician Version of the instrument (SCID‐5‐CV) has not yet been assessed in respect to its psychometric qualities. We aimed to assess the clinical validity and different reliability indicators (interrater test–retest, joint interview, face‐to‐face vs telephone application) of the SCID‐5‐CV in a large sample of 180 non‐prototypical and psychiatric patients based on interviews conducted by raters with different levels of clinical experience.
Role of HPV Genotype, Multiple Infections, and Viral Load on the Risk of High-Grade Cervical Neoplasia

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing provides a much more sensitive method of detection for high-grade lesions than cytology, but specificity is low. Here, we explore the extent to which full HPV genotyping, viral load, and multiplicity of types can be used to improve specificity. Methods: A population-based sample of 47,120 women undergoing cervical screening was tested for 13 high-risk HPV genotypes. Positive predictive values (PPV) for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or worse (CIN2+; N = 3,449) and CIN3 or worse (CIN3+; N = 1,475) over 3 years of follow-up were estimated for HPV genotype and viral load. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of CIN2+ or CIN3+ according to genotype, multiplicity of types, and viral load. Results: High-risk HPV was detected in 15.4% of women. A hierarchy of HPV genotypes based on sequentially maximizing PPVs for CIN3+ found HPV16>33>31 to be the most predictive, followed sequentially by HPV18>35>58>45>52>59>51>39>56>68. After adjusting for higher ranked genotypes, the inclusion of multiple HPV infections added little to risk prediction. High viral loads for HPV18, 35, 52, and 58 carried more risk than low viral loads for HPV16, 31, and 33. High viral load for HPV16 was significantly more associated with CIN3+ than low viral load. Conclusions: HPV genotype and viral load, but not multiplicity of HPV infections, are important predictors of CIN2+ and CIN3+. Impact: The ability to identify women at higher risk of CIN2+ and CIN3+ based on both HPV genotype and viral load could be important for individualizing triage plans, particularly as HPV becomes the primary screening test.
Establishment of a Parvovirus B19 NS1-Expressing Recombinant Adenoviral Vector for Killing Megakaryocytic Leukemia Cells

Adenoviral viral vectors have been widely used for gene-based therapeutics, but commonly used serotype 5 shows poor transduction efficiency into hematopoietic cells. In this study, we aimed to generate a recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (rAd5) vector that has a high efficiency in gene transfer to megakaryocytic leukemic cells with anticancer potential. We first modified the rAd5 backbone vector with a chimeric fiber gene of Ad5 and Ad11p (rAd5F11p) to increase the gene delivery efficiency. Then, the nonstructural protein NS1 of human parvovirus B19 (B19V), which induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis, was cloned into the adenoviral shuttle vector. As the expression of parvoviral NS1 protein inhibited Ad replication and production, we engineered the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, which governs NS1 expression, with two tetracycline operator elements (TetO2). Transfection of the rAd5F11p proviral vectors in Tet repressor-expressing T-REx-293 cells produced rAd in a large quantity. We further evaluated this chimeric rAd5F11p vector in gene delivery in human leukemic cells, UT7/Epo-S1. Strikingly, the novel rAd5F11p-B19NS1-GFP vector, exhibited a transduction efficiency much higher than the original vector, rAd5-B19NS1-GFP, in UT7/Epo-S1 cells, in particular, when they were transduced at a relatively low multiplicity of infection (100 viral genome copies/cell). After the transduction of rAd5F11p-B19NS1-GFP, over 90% of the UT7/Epo-S1 cells were arrested at the G2/M phase, and approximately 40%–50% of the cells were undergoing apoptosis, suggesting the novel rAd5F11P-B19NS1-GFP vector holds a promise in therapeutic potentials of megakaryocytic leukemia.
Sex differences in cued fear responses and parvalbumin cell density in the hippocampus following repetitive concussive brain injuries in C57BL/6J mice

There is strong evidence to suggest a link between repeated head trauma and cognitive and emotional disorders, and Repetitive concussive brain injuries (rCBI) may also be a risk factor for depression and anxiety disorders. Animal models of brain injury afford the opportunity for controlled study of the effects of injury on functional outcomes. In this study, male and cycling female C57BL/6J mice sustained rCBI (3x) at 24-hr intervals and were tested in a context and cued fear conditioning paradigm, open field (OF), elevated zero maze and tail suspension test. All mice with rCBI showed less freezing behavior than sham control mice during the fear conditioning context test. Injured male, but not female mice also froze less in response to the auditory cue (tone). Injured mice were hyperactive in an OF environment and spent more time in the open quadrants of the elevated zero maze, suggesting decreased anxiety, but there were no differences between injured mice and sham-controls in depressive-like activity on the tail suspension test. Pathologically, injured mice showed increased astrogliosis in the injured cortex and white matter tracts (optic tracts and corpus callosum). There were no changes in the number of parvalbumin-positive interneurons in the cortex or amygdala, but injured male mice had fewer parvalbumin-positive neurons in the hippocampus. Parvalbumin-reactive interneurons of the hippocampus have been previously demonstrated to be involved in hippocampal-cortical interactions required for memory consolidation, and it is possible memory changes in the fear-conditioning paradigm following rCBI are the result of more subtle imbalances in excitation and inhibition both within the amygdala and hippocampus, and between more widespread brain regions that are injured following a diffuse brain injury.
An open-label randomised comparison of aripiprazole, olanzapine and risperidone for the acute treatment of first-episode schizophrenia: Eight-week outcomes

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of aripiprazole, olanzapine and risperidone in first-episode schizophrenia (FES). Methods: The eight-week, open, randomised study was conducted in six Chinese medical centres. Altogether, 498 FES subjects were randomised to aripiprazole (n = 165), olanzapine (n = 168) or risperidone (n = 165). Efficacy was measured with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), tolerability with the Udvalg for Kliniske Undersogelser Side Effect Rating Scale (UKU) and functioning with the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP). Results: All three antipsychotics significantly improved the baseline to end-point PANSS total and each of the sub-scale scores (p < 0.001). Risperidone was superior to olanzapine and aripiprazole regarding PANSS total end-point scores (p < 0.05). Cumulative response (PANSS total score reduction ⩾30%) was similar between risperidone, olanzapine and aripiprazole (74.8%, 73.5% and 70.1%; p = 0.707), but risperidone was superior to aripiprazole regarding PANSS total score reduction ⩾50% (37.8% vs. 26.6%; p < 0.05). Olanzapine was associated with the largest weight gain at week 4 and 8 (p < 0.01), weight gain ⩾7% (olanzapine = 49.0% vs. risperidone = 32.5% vs. aripiprazole = 17.0%; p < 0.01), more psychic side effects at week 8 (p < 0.01 each) and more ‘other’ side effects at week 4 (p < 0.001) and week 8 (p < 0.05) but fewer neurological side effects at week 4 (p < 0.05) and week 8 (p < 0.01). PSP improved more with risperidone than with aripiprazole at week 4 and 8 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: For FES, risperidone might be a better choice than aripiprazole due to improved efficacy and functional improvement, without inferior tolerability. Aripiprazole is a better choice to avoid relevant short-term weight gain. Olanzapine could be chosen to avoid neurological adverse effects.
Can a Standardized Visual Assessment of Squatting Technique and Core Stability Predict Injury?

O'Connor, S, McCaffrey, N, Whyte, EF, and Moran, KA. Can a standardized visual assessment of squatting technique and core stability predict injury? J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2019-This study examined whether a standardized visual assessment of squatting technique and core stability can predict injury. Male adolescent and collegiate Gaelic players (n = 627) were assessed using the alternative core/trunk stability push-up test and a developed scoring system for the overhead squat and single-leg squat (SLS) that examined both overall impression and segmental criteria. A single summative score from the overall impression scores of all 3 tests was calculated. Sustained injuries were examined over a season. Results indicated that the single summative score did not predict those that sustained a lower-extremity injury, trunk injury, or whole-body injury, and receiver operating characteristic curves were also unable to generate an optimal cutoff point for prediction. When segmental criteria were included in multivariate analyses, the tests were able to predict whole-body injury (p < 0.0001) and lower-extremity injury (p < 0.0001). However, although specificity was high (80.6%, 76.5%), sensitivity of the models was low (40.2%, 44.2%). The most common score was "good" for the overhead squat (46.4%) and SLS (47.6%), and "good" and "excellent" for the alternative core stability push-up test (33.5%, 49.1%), with "poor" core stability increasing the odds of sustaining a lower-extremity injury (odds ratio = 1.52 [0.92-2.51]). The findings suggest that although segmental scoring could be incorporated by strength and conditioning coaches and clinicians, they should be used predominantly as a preliminary screening tool to highlight players requiring a more thorough assessment.
CORR Insights®: Is Elective Soft Tissue Hand Surgery Associated with Periprosthetic Joint Infection after Total Joint Arthroplasty?

In the United States, it is believed that the overutilization of antibiotics has resulted in an increased incidence of drug resistance and led to the creation of pathogens that are resistant to multiple antibiotics [11]. Recently, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) changed its recommendation for prophylaxis for clean, single incision surgeries, including total joint replacement from three doses to a single preoperative dose of antibiotics [4]. The need for prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery has also been a topic of debate. Although in the past, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) has recommended surgeons consider prophylactic antibiotics for patients with a total joint arthroplasty undergoing a procedure that could cause bacteremia, more recently the AAOS (in conjunction with the American Dental Association [ADA]) released a guideline that suggested that most patients do not need prophylactic antibiotics before undergoing dental procedures [3]. However, no recommendations cover other routine procedures, including soft-tissue hand surgery. The current study by Li and colleagues [8] seeks to provide evidence to help fill this gap. Preoperative antibiotics are theorized to prevent transient bacteremia, the postulated mechanism of PJI in total joint arthroplasty patients undergoing routine procedures [12]. Several studies have argued that surgical procedures such as dental extractions and colonoscopies with biopsies can introduce small amounts of bacteria into the bloodstream, which could then seed a hip or knee implant [7, 10]. However, the patients most susceptible to bacteremia often are immunocompromised, or have active malignancies or other comorbid conditions (like poorly controlled diabetes) that could render them susceptible to infections [10]. Sincemost patients don’t have these problems, and since this sort of hematogenous seeding is believed to be extremely rare among patients without them, the current AAOS/ADA recommendation suggests that most patients do not benefit from prophylactic antibiotics in advance of dental procedures, and that in aggregate, the use of prophylactic antibiotics in those patients can cause more harm than good [10]. Despite the lack of current evidence for prophylaxis and the AAOS/ADA statement, many orthopaedic surgeons still prescribe antibiotics to all TJA patients before routine procedures that might induce PJI, with the goal of preventing PJI [6]. One concern with this practice is that it may lead to the prescription of antibiotics that might be unnecessary; this can cause complications like Clostridium difficile colitis and antibiotic resistance. C difficile is a serious complication that can result in death in patients with orthopaedic conditions [5]. In their study, Li and colleagues demonstrated that prophylactic antibiotic use was not correlated with a decreased risk of PJI, as has been shown by several other studies [1, 12].
Clinical- and Cost-Effectiveness of a Mandibular Advancement Device Versus Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

STUDY OBJECTIVES Limited evidence exists on the cost-effectiveness of mandibular advancement device (MAD) compared to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Therefore, this study compares the clinical and cost-effectiveness of MAD therapy with CPAP therapy in moderate OSA. METHODS In a multicentre randomized controlled trial, patients with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 15 to 30 events/h were randomized to either MAD or CPAP. Incremental cost-effectiveness and cost-utility ratios (ICER/ICUR, in terms of AHI reduction and quality-adjusted life-years [QALYs, based on the EuroQol Five-Dimension Quality of Life questionnaire]) were calculated after 12 months, all from a societal perspective. RESULTS In the 85 randomized patients (n = 42 CPAP, n = 43 MAD), AHI reduction was significantly greater with CPAP (median reduction AHI 18.3 [14.8-22.6] events/h) than with MAD therapy (median reduction AHI 13.5 [8.5-18.4] events/h) after 12 months. Societal costs after 12 months were higher for MAD than for CPAP (mean difference €2.156). MAD was less cost-effective than CPAP after 12 months (ICER -€305 [-€3.003 to €1.572] per AHI point improvement). However, in terms of QALY, MAD performed better than CPAP after 12 months (€33.701 [-€191.106 to €562.271] per QALY gained). CONCLUSIONS CPAP was more clinically effective (in terms of AHI reduction) and cost-effective than MAD. However, costs per QALY was better with MAD as compared to CPAP. Therefore, CPAP is the first-choice treatment option in moderate OSA and MAD may be a good alternative. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; Identifier: NCT01588275.
Clinical outcomes of a modified all-inside arthroscopic repair of anterior talofibular ligament for chronic ankle instability

Abstract The present study was conducted to evaluate the clinical outcomes of a modified all-inside arthroscopic repair technique via anterolateral and accessory anterolateral port for anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) repair. A consecutive series of 32 patients (34 ankles) with chronic ankle instability were included and treated with the modified all-inside arthroscopic repair. The function was assessed using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS), visual analog score (VAS) score system, the Sefton grading system, and the anterior drawer test and talar tilt test. A total of 29 cases (30 ankles) were followed up for a mean of 33.7 ± 4.5 (range 30–44) months. Based on the Sefton grading system, 12 patients were regarded as excellent, 13 were good, 2 were fair, and 2 were poor. Twenty-five cases (86.2%) achieved satisfactory functional results. Ankle mobility returned to normal in 93% of patients. The AOFAS scores increased from 55.1 ± 12.3 (range 25–69) preoperatively to 89.7 ± 5.9 (range 74–100) (P < .001) at the last follow-up, while the VAS score decreased significantly (P < .001). There was no wound infection or nerve injury in all cases. In conclusion, based on high satisfaction rate in terms of ankle mobility and low complication rate, the modified all-inside arthroscopic repair of ATFL via anterolateral and accessory anterolateral port appears to be an effective treatment method for chronic ankle instability. Further studies are needed.