Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY, ECONOMIC FREEDOM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EU COUNTRIES

It is often maintained that institutional quality lies at the bottom of achieving sustainability at national level. This paper analyses the relationship between economic freedom, as a measure of institutional quality, and sustainable development in EU-27 countries. We use the Heritage Foundation/Wall Street Index of Economic Freedom and Sustainable Society Index with their components as variables and principal components analysis, as statistical method. The empirical results are consistent with the theory that economic freedom, mainly property rights, business freedom and freedom from corruption are positively or negatively significantly correlated with components of sustainable development.
OBSERVATIONS OF SPORE MORPHOLOGY OF SOME SPECIES OF HYPNACEAE SCHIMP . ( BRYOPHYTA ) IN TURKEY

The spores of Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. var. cupressiforme, H. cupressiforme Hedw. var. lacunosum Brid. , H. cupressiforme Hedw. var. resupinatum (Taylor) Schimp. and H. jutlandicum Holmen and E. Warncke were studied. The apertural region consists of a leptoma in all of the spores. Taxa of the family are uniform, characterized by their surface ornamentation, reflecting the species’ taxonomic relationships. The spore shape of all of the species is spheroid. The spore size ranged from 7 to 19 μm in the genus Hypnum. The surface ornamentation is verrucate in all species of Hypnum. The spore walls of Hypnaceae include sclerine (the distinction between exine and perine difficult to define) and intine. The Moss species belong to corticolous habitat type. The taxonomic and ecological implications of the genus Hypnum were discussed on the basis of its spore morphology. Introduction The Hypnaceae Schimp. family is small to robust pleurocarpous mosses in tight mats to lax coarse wefts. Hypnum is a cosmopolitan genus, in Hypnaceae in the major group of Bryophytes. Both the division of Hypnaceae and the separation of the genera were made according to their gametophytic and sporophytic characteristics. Some of these characters included leaf and its margins shape, alar cells shape, capsules shape, stem epidermal cells, stems and plants color (Smith 2004). The plants of this genus are suitable for stuffing pillows and thus inducing sleep; moreover, the creeping habit of the moss suggests a sleeping posture. The name was also applied in ancient times to some epiphytic mosses or lichens used as a sleep-inducing medication (Ando 2012). The capsules of Hypnum are erect to horizontal, obloid to cylindrical, straight or curved. Capsules ripen in autumn to winter. The species investigated in this study grows on tree trunks and lower branches of trees, logs, rocks, walls, tombstones, very rarely on soil, in dry exposed or sheltered situations. The species are epiphytic moss. H. cupressiforme prefers acidic environments and is fairly tolerant of pollution. It is calcifuge and is a widespread and common moss species belonging to its genus. H. jutlandicum is medium-sized plants forming pale green lax patches or wefts. Stems complanately pinnately branched, green colour (Smith 2004). The spore characteristics are widely used in taxonomic analyses and descriptions of bryophytes and in bryophyte systematics. Spore morphology has been of limited value in taxonomy; however, it has been useful in resolving taxonomic problems. It is also a potential source of information regarding the evolutionary processes, which may lead to the definition of biological or taxonomic boundaries (Carrion et al. 1995). In some recent reports the intine structure and the spore external morphology have proved to be useful to characterize moss taxa at *Author for correspondence: .
Long Term Follow-up of Atypical and Suspicious Pancreas Cytology Results for Endoscopic Ultrasound - Fine Needle Aspiration

Background Atypical and suspicious cytology results are not uncommon in Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided - Fine Needle Aspiration. Few reports have assessed the true risk of malignancy for these indeterminate categories. Atypical and suspicious categories do not have standard criteria and may vary depending on pathologist and institute. The aim of this study was to determine the long term follow-up and risk of malignancy in patients with atypical or suspicious cytology. Methods 1215 consecutive inpatient and outpatient endoscopic ultrasound guided - fine needle aspirations performed at a single academic tertiary care center from 10/21/2009-12/31/2013 were reviewed. Patients with solid pancreas mass lesions who had suspicious or atypical final cytology were identified for further clinical outcome analysis. The primary end point was the risk of having a subsequent diagnosis of malignancy. Results Of the 1215 patients with pancreas mass lesions, 45(3.7%) were given an indeterminate final cytologic diagnosis with 23 atypical and 22 suspicious for malignancy. Of the 19 patients with follow-up with atypical cytology, 13(68%) had subsequent diagnosis of malignancy. In the suspicious cytology group with follow-up, 18 of 20 patients (90%) after the index procedure had a subsequent diagnosis of malignancy. Conclusion The risk of subsequent malignancy is high for both atypical and suspicious pancreatic solid lesions. Management of patients with indeterminate cytology results should involve a multidisciplinary team and also incorporate the clinical and imaging features of the case. Depending on these features, repeat endoscopic ultrasound guided - fine needle aspiration should be considered for atypical cytology. Surgical resection of suspicious lesions may be warranted given the high risk of subsequent malignancy in this group. Further research is needed to know the true risk of malignancy in indeterminate cytology groups. Risk may vary depending on institute and pathologist interpretation.
Evaluation of WC-10 Ni thermal spraying coating by HVOF on the fatigue and corrosion AISI 4340 steel

Shot peening is a surface process widely used to improve the fatigue strength of materials, through compressive residual stresses induced in their surface layers. Considering mechanical components for high responsible applications, wear and corrosion control is currently accomplished by the use of coated materials. In the case of chrome plating or hard anodizing, lower fatigue strength in comparison to uncoated parts are associated to high residual tensile stresses and microcracks density. Under constant or variable amplitude loading microcracks will propagate and cross the interface coating substrate without impediment. The aim of the present study is to analyze the influence of WC-10Ni coating applied by HVOF process on the axial fatigue strength of AISI 4340 steel. The shot peening effect on the fatigue performance of coated AISI 4340 steel was also evaluated. The fractured fatigue specimens were investigated using a scanning electron microscope in order to obtain information about the crack initiation points.
Microbiological Quality of Commercial Raw Milk , Domiati Cheese and Kareish Cheese

The purpose of this research was to assess the microbiological quality of commercially raw milk, Domiati cheese and Kareish cheese. The products surveyed included 50 samples of raw milk, 50 samples of Domiati cheese and 30 samples of Kareish cheese were collected from Cairo governorate markets and microbiologically examined. Coliform group , Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli O157 and Salmonella spp. were implicated in 100, 80 ,40 ,50% of raw milk, 80 ,20,4,4% of Domiati cheese and 100 , 33, 6.7,6.7 % of Kareish cheese samples respectively. The average counts of Staphylococcus aureus, and yeasts & molds were 5.3, 3.5 log cfu / ml of raw milk samples and 4.4, 3.3 log cfu / gm of Domiati cheese and 5.3, 5.5 log cfu / gm of Kareish cheese respectively. In conclusion, it was observed that the hygienic quality of white cheeses sold in dairy shops in Cairo city was low and does not have enough assurance in terms of public health. These results emphasize the need for applying more strict hygienic practices especially in traditional cheese processing to minimize microbial contamination.
5277 / ABB-01107-2018-02 Effect of porosity on the structure , mechanical properties and cell viability of new bioceramics as potential bone graft substitutes

Porous and alternative biografts for possible usages in orthopaedic applications were synthesized by the substitution of gelatin (G), cuttlefish backbone (C), meerschaum sepiolite (S) and hydroxyapatite (H). The effects of different proportions of the Gelatin substitutions on the mechanical properties and structure and cell viability properties of the fabricated biografts were investigated. Throughout the structure and mechanical evaluations, it was found that Gelatin substitution in the fabricated biografts increased the total porosity fraction, particularly for C13G75 and S13G75 biografts. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the synthesized biografts. Furthermore, the cell viability tests for the synthesized biografts were carried out by using the osteoblast cell culture. Throughout the analysis, the synthesized C13G75 and S13G75 biografts generated the highest porosity and better correlation between mechanical properties and structural results contributing with highest cell viability rates.
The Post-Earnings Announcement Drift: An Anomalous Anomaly

Prior literature uses portfolio analysis to document anomalies of the efficient market hypothesis (EMH). We argue portfolio analysis introduces an aggregation bias and clouds inferences about firm-level stock price behavior. We demonstrate this point in the context of the Post-Earnings Announcement Drift (PEAD), a well-known anomaly of the EMH. After replicating the PEAD portfolio analysis, we disaggregate the PEAD portfolios and find anomalies within the PEAD anomaly. Results of our analysis raise concerns over whether the PEAD exists at disaggregated levels, firms’ prices actually drift in the direction of earnings news, and whether the PEAD is an anomaly of the EMH or just an artifact of aggregation. ∗This project has benefited from discussions with Daniel Beneish, Brian Miller, Brady Twedt, and Jim Wahlen as well as conference participants at the 2016 BYU Accounting Research Symposium. †Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, jkatz@caltech.edu ‡Department of Political Science and School of Law, Duke University, mathew.mccubbins@duke.edu §Kelley School of Business, Indiana University, jemcmull@indiana.edu.
A semi-implicit non-hydrostatic dynamical kernel using spectral representation in the horizontal and finite elements in the vertical

The purpose of this work is to develop and test a vertical slice non hydrostatic model kernel as a first step to implement it in a full diabatic three dimensional numerical weather prediction model. The vertical coordinate has been chosen to be hybrid based on height. The spatial discretization is spectral in the horizontal dimension and cubic finite elements are used for the vertical discretization. The selected time stepping is a standard three time level semi-implicit scheme to avoid instabilities due to the presence of fast acoustic and gravity waves. The model has the option to run with Eulerian or semi-Lagrangian advection. A stability analysis of the linear model has been done. To evaluate the model stability and accuracy a set of test cases from the literature are presented in then linear and non linear regimes, with and without orography. We emphasize on the coordinate-independent formulation of each element of the model. keywords: numerical weather prediction, dynamical kernel, non-hydrostatic, vertical finite elements.
Jessie and Gary or Gary and Jessie?: Cognitive Accessibility Predicts the Order in English and Japanese

Notably, while English tends to prefer shorter before longer complements (explained to us a very clear effect), Japanese displays the opposite tendency. Far less cross-linguistic work has investigated possible differences in the ordering of nouns within conjunctions (“binomials’), although a corpus study suggests that the same factors predict binomial ordering in Japanese and English. To investigate the issue experimentally, we report Japanese and English speakers’ productions of names of the members of couples that they knew personally. Results confirm that conceptual accessibility is the most important factor in the ordering of familiar name binomials in both languages. That is, both groups tended to name the member they felt closer to first. Length (syllables/mora) was not a significant predictor in either language. Differences in the preferred order of verbs’ complements are then attributable to other factors, possibly a very general preference to minimize the average distance between semantically related elements.
Determination of immunoglobulin G ( IgG ) concentration in buffalo colostrum and serum of new born calves by indirect ELISA

The present investigation was carried to measure IgG concentrations in Murrah buffaloes and their respective new born calves. Twenty three newly parturated Murrah buffaloes and their respective new born calves, maintained at Instructional Dairy Farm (IDF), G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar were used in this study. The indirect ELISA was performed to measure the IgG concentrations in the colostrum (first milk) of dams and serum of their new born calves (6 to 12 hrs post birth). Our results showed that IgG concentration in colostrum of dams and serum of their new born calves were varies from 11 to 122.1 mg/ml with a mean of 56.98 ± 5.71 mg/ml and 4.2 to 14.88 mg/ml with a mean of 11.23 ± 0.70 mg/ml, respectively. The results of present finding concluded that, estimation of IgG level helps in prediction of health status of dams and calf at an early age.
ANALYSING THE SOCIO-PERSONAL , ECONOMIC PROFILE AND PREPAREDNESS OF SHEEP FARMERS

Sheep husbandry is an important enterprise in the arid and semi-arid areas of India characterized by sparse vegetation, marginal land, and a high incidence of poverty. It is a low-investment sustainable enterprise yielding reasonably high rates of return. The present study was conducted in Prakasam and Nellore districts of Andhra Pradesh. 180 sheep farmers were selected to analyse their socio-personal, economic profile and their preparedness towards sheep health care with specific reference to vaccination. The study revealed that majority of sheep farmers were middle aged and illiterates and belong to backward caste. Sheep farming was the main occupation, while dairy farming was taken up as subsidiary occupation. Most of the respondents had medium experience in sheep farming with small flock size (66-231) having low annual income (Rs.50,000-1,66,670). Majority of the shepherds had less land with medium extension contact and medium affordability. It was interesting to note that majority of sheep farmers possessed medium level of preparedness towards sheep health care with specific reference to vaccination, which represents their plan of future farming activities.
In vitro propagation of pomegranate ( Punica granatum l . ) Cv . ‘ Males

Conventional method of propagation of pomegranate is time consuming and tiresome, and it does not ensure disease free and healthy plants. In vitro technique is the only prospect of plant tissue culture that has the potential to circumvent these problems. An efficient in vitro propagation is described for pomegranate using shoot tips and nodal explants. The influence of two basal medium, WPM and MS, and different plant growth regulators was investigated on micropropagation of the Iranian cultivar of pomegranate ‘Malas Yazdi’. For proliferation stage, media supplemented with different concentrations (2.3, 4.7, 9.2 and 18.4 μM) of Kinetin along with 0.54 μM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was used. WPM proved to be more efficient medium compared to MS. The best concentration of Kinetin was 9.2 μM, resulting in the highest number of nodes, shoot length and leaf number. Half-strength WPM medium supplemented with 5.4 μM NAA was most effective for rooting of shoots. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized and transferred into the soil.
Nonlinear aerodynamic forces on square section: numerical study

The paper presents a numerical simulation of nonlinear aerodynamic forces on square section by using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method. The square section is subjected to a forced asymptotic transverse oscillation of varying amplitude. The aerodynamic forces on the square section are computed by multiple-domain mesh technique together with unstructured dynamic meshes. The instantaneous frequencies and amplitudes of lift force are identified from its time history by continuous wavelet transform (CWT) in terms of CWT ridges. The relationship between the non-dimensional amplitude and phase angle of frequency response component of lift force and the amplitude of forced oscillation is well demonstrated. Simulated results are compared with previous data at several reduced velocities. It shows that the proposed method can identify the general nonlinear features of aerodynamic forces in association with varying excitation amplitude.
AN EFFICIENT MODEL FOR MINING PRECISE QUANTITATIVE ASSOCIATION RULES WITH MULTIPLE MINIMUM SUPPORTS

Association rule mining deals with the correlations of items in a transaction. However, this approach raises two problems. First, each item is set with a unified minimum support which cannot be applied in actual applications. The reason is that the frequencies at which items are bought differently. In a shopping case, some items are bought frequently but others are seldom bought because of demand or price. Therefore, setting a unified higher threshold value makes it difficult to find rare items with higher prices, while a unified lower threshold value might lead to a combinational explosion problem. Second, traditional association rules lack quantity-related information and cannot reveal the quantities of different items in an association rule. Therefore, this study proposes quantity-related association rules adopting multiple minimum supports to address these two problems. An efficient algorithm is developed based on a divide-and-conquer idea to find precise quantitative association rules with multiple minimum supports in bag databases. Experiments show the algorithm’s computational efficiency and scalability. Our research model can contribute to applications in more realistic circumstances in cases where items occur at various frequencies and have different quantity-related infor-
12-1-2006 Incomplete Compensation and Migration Behavior : Has Anything Changed Between 1990 and 2000 ?

Spatial equilibrium models rely on migration to arbitrage away differences in utility across locations net of moving costs, where remaining differences in wages and rents reflect the compensating differentials related to site-specific amenities. Recent refinements to the spatial equilibrium model focus upon the prospect of disequilibrium in amenity markets. Amenity market disequilibrium implies overor under-compensation (incomplete compensation) across some locations, which suggests a role for these factors in subsequent migration. This paper follows the theoretical and empirical approach of Clark, Herrin, Knapp, and White (2003). An intercity wage regression is estimated where fixed effects capture the impact of site characteristics on wages. We then regress the fixed effects on a comprehensive vector of site attributes, where the residuals capture incomplete compensation in wages. The derived measures of incomplete compensation are included in a binary logit model of migration. The results provide further evidence that incomplete compensation for site characteristics is a significant factor in migration decisions, and the findings are consistent with tendencies toward spatial equilibrium.
Interacting effects of changes in climate and forest cover on mortality and growth of the southernmost European fir forests

Aims The combined effects of changes in climate and land use on tree mortality and growth patterns have rarely been addressed. Relict tree species from the Mediterranean Basin serve as appropriate models to investigate these effects, since they grow in climatically stressed areas which have undergone intense cover changes. The aim is to use climate, aerial photographs, stand structure and radial-growth data to explain the mortality and historical patterns of growth of Abies pinsapo in the area where this relict species was first protected. Location Sierra de las Nieves, West Baetic Range, southern Spain. Methods We assessed variations of tree cover in A. pinsapo forests through image analyses of aerial photographs spanning the last 50 years. We sampled 31 stands to assess current altitudinal patterns of forest structure and mortality. We evaluated the relationships between radial growth and regional climate using linear models in three sites at different elevations. Results Regional warming and a decrease in precipitation were detected. Forest tree cover increased at all elevations from 1957 until 1991, but it afterwards decreased below 1100 m. Currently, the likelihood of tree mortality increases downwards and is associated with dense, closed stands with a low living basal area. In contrast to previous droughts, a sharp synchronized reduction in tree growth, not fully accounted for in linear climate‐growth models, occurred at low elevations in 1994‐95, but not upwards. It was preceded by a weakening of the negative association between low-elevation growth and water deficit since the late 1970s. Conclusions The intense densification of A. pinsapo forests following strict protection measures in the late 1950s enhanced the vulnerability of climate-sensitive A. pinsapo forests to recent drier conditions. Such abrupt land-use changes help to explain recent patterns of mortality and growth decline in low-elevation A. pinsapo forests.
KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF PURIFIED PECTINASES PRODUCED FROM NITROUS ACID MUTANT DERIVATIVE OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER ( H-97 )

The Aspergillus niger mutant strain H-97 was used for pectinase production (40.31±0.07 U/ml/min) having specific activity of 12.12 ± 0.01 U/mg. Fermentation was carried out using 5 liters of fermentation medium in 7.5 liter stirred fermenter under controlled condition of temperature (30°C), pH (07), agitation (200 rpm), aeration (1vvm) for an incubation time of 48 h using 1% vegetative inoculum. Purification of enzyme resulted in 44.20% yield with enhancement of specific activity (75.18±0.04 U/mg) by ammonium sulfate precipitation and ion exchange chromatography. Kinetic characterization of enzyme revealed pectin as highly specific substrate for enzyme with Km value of 2.30 mg/ml. Thermodynamic evaluation of enzyme resulted in activation energy (Ea) as -28.95 KJ/mol and enthalpy of activation (ΔH) as -26.73 KJ/mol.