Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational Techniques for Public Health Surveillance

Computational Techniques for Public Health Surveillance Scott H. Burton Department of Computer Science, BYU Doctor of Philosophy Public health surveillance is a critical part of understanding, and ultimately influencing, health behaviors. Traditional methods, such as questionnaires and focus groups have significant limitations including cost, delay, and size. Online social media data has the potential to overcome many of the challenges of traditional methods, but its exploitation is not trivial. We develop and apply computational techniques to enable public health surveillance in novel ways and on a larger scale than currently performed. In this regard, we present techniques for mining the who, what, and where of public health surveillance in social media. We show how computational methods can identify health content and conversations in social media, and that people do in fact speak openly about health topics, including those that might be considered private. In addition, we demonstrate how location information can be mined and used to study distributions of various conditions. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, we develop techniques to identify and leverage pertinent social network relationships in public health surveillance. We demonstrate each of these approaches in large data sets of actual social networks spanning blogs, micro-blogs, and video-sharing sites.
Discourse and Context in Language Teaching: A Guide for Language Teachers

PART 1: BACKGROUND Chapter 1 Introduction to Discourse Analysis Chapter 2 Pragmatics in Discourse Analysis PART II: LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE Chapter 3 Phonology Chapter 4 Grammar Chapter 5 Vocabulary Epilogue to Part II: Interrelationships among the language resources PART III: LANGUAGE PROCESSING Chapter 6 Listening Chapter 7 Reading Chapter 8 Writing Chapter 9 Speaking Epilogue to Part III: Integration of Language Skills and Discourse Processing PART IV: IMPLEMENTATION Chapter 10 Curriculum Design and Materials Development Chapter 11 Assessment Chapter 12 Discourse Training for Teachers and Learners
More Than Words? The Effect of Line Character Sticker Use on Intimacy in the Mobile Communication Environment

This study investigated how messaging app Line’s character sticker use may contribute to the perception of intimate experience and enhance relationship satisfaction in both positive and negative emotion situations. A 2 (situation valence: positive emotion and negative emotion) × 3 (response style: text, sticker, and text and sticker) × 3 (scenario: career, romance, and education) mixed design, with situation valence and response style between-subjects variables and scenario a within-subjects variable, was employed. The results revealed the combination of a text and sticker response to a partner’s disclosure can produce the highest level of intimate experience, followed by text- and sticker-only responses. It further suggests that the cartoon-like Line sticker may better convey positive than negative emotions because the detailed illustration is more similar to real-life nonverbal behavior expressing humor and happiness and that may facilitate imagined closeness between communication partners when moving through space. The hyperpersonal affordance of text-based messages to foster relationship may be further distinguished between the cognitive and the affective levels in the messaging app context.
Interactivity and health communication: content analysis of interactive elements on HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention websites

Individuals increasingly turn to the Internet to satisfy their information needs, including information on health-related issues like HIV/AIDS. Researchers agree that an important characteristic of this medium is interactivity. The concept can be viewed from either a user perspective, focusing on the user’s experience with the medium or a system perspective, analyzing the design of technology. The current study followed the system perspective to analyze the various features on HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention websites. Although all websites were interactive, there was considerable variation in the types of features present. This study attempted to find a relationship, if any, between the degree of interactivity and the page rank of the websites on five of the most popular search engines.
What English language teachers need to know

Preface Part 1 Identity and Setting Chapter 1 Learner Identities Chapter 2 The World of English Chapter 3 English Learning around the World Chapter 4 The Cultural Context Chapter 5 Learning about Identity and Setting Part 2 Teacher Language Awareness Chapter 6 The Sound System Chapter 7 The System of Words Chapter 8 The Sentence System Chapter 9 Beyond the Sentence: Spoken and Written Language Part 3 Learning Chapter 10 Theories of Learning Chapter 11 An Introduction to Second Language Acquisition Chapter 12 Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Pedagogy Chapter 13 Learning Theories in the Classroom Chapter 14: Teaching and Learning Language in a Digital World Part 4 Professionalism Chapter 15: Sustaining Professionalism Index
Dynamic Query Completion Through Search Result Clustering

Query completion is a feature employed by most modernsearch engines. These completions can be derived by different means. The most popular algorithm ranks completions by the frequency with which it appears in a database of old query logs. This project aims to investigate a new method for finding completions: namely through clustering search results and extracting terms from the clusters. To test the capabilities of this method, the project implemented the back-end to a search system, which includes the search result clustering algorithm Lingo. The system uses the output cluster labels as query completions. Two experiments were conducted, one for Informational queries and one for Navigational queries, each comparing the system to Apache Solr’s Suggester component. For Informational queries, a new way of scoring query completions was invented. The experiments showed that clustering performedbetter than the Suggester component for Informational queries, the results were inconclusive for Navigational queries.
Numerical Modelling and Visualization of the Evolution of Extensional Fault Systems

The purpose of this work is split into two categories, the first was to analyse the application of real-time Physics Engine software libraries for use in calculating a geological numerical model. Second was the analysis of the applicability of glyph and implicit surface based visualization techniques to explore fault systems produced by the model. The current state of the art in Physics Engines was explored by redeveloping a Discrete Element Model to be calculated using NVIDIA's PhysX engine. Analyses regarding the suitability of the engine in terms of numerical accuracy and developmental capabilities is given, as well as the definition of a specialised and bespoke parallelisation technique. The use of various glyph based visualizations is explored to define a new standardised taxonomy for geological data and the MetaBall visualization technique was applied to reveal three dimensional fault structures as an implicit surface. Qualitative analysis was undertaken in the form of a user study, comprising of interviews with expert geologists. The processing pipeline used by many Physics Engines was found to be comparable to the design of Discrete Element Model software, however, aspects of their design, such as integration accuracy, limitation to single precision floating point and imposed limits on the scale of n-body problem means their suitability is restricted to specific modelling cases. Glyph and implicit surface based visualization have been shown to be an effective way to present a geological Discrete Element Model, with the majority of experts interviewed able to perceive the fault structures that it contained. Development of a new engine, or modification of one that exists in accordance with the findings of this thesis would result in a library extremely well suited to the problem of rigid-body simulation for the sciences.
HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 Allele Lineages and Haplotype Frequencies among Saudis

There are few reported studies on Saudi population for human leukocyte antigens (HLA) genes. We investigated allele lineages (two-digit) and haplotype frequencies of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 loci in 499 healthy unrelated individuals, selected from potential bone marrow transplant (BMT) families’ donors at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Saudi Arabia (SA). Genotyping was performed by Sequence Specific Oligonucleotide Probe (SSOP) utilizing a Luminex-based method. Allele lineages and haplotype frequencies were evaluated along with principal component analysis (PCA) to compare findings with previously reported data on Arab related populations. A total of 18 allele lineages for HLA-A, 28 for -B, 14 for -C, 13 for -DRB1, and 5 for -DQB1 were detected. High values for linkage disequilibrium indicators were found for B:C (D’ = 0.86599) and DRB1:DQB1 (D’ = 0.89468) loci. Additionally, PCA results confirmed previous findings on this population, but also indicated some genetic distances from other Arab related populations. The present study helps in further investigations of this population in anthropological analysis and HLA-associated disease studies.
Trust Model to Enhance Security of Cloud Computing

Trust is one of the most important means to improve security and enable interoperability of current heterogeneous independent cloud platforms. Trust is a level of subjective probability between two entities, a trustor and a trustee, which is formed through the direct observation nature and/or recommendation from trusted entities. Today, there is no special trust evaluation model for cloud computing environment. Hence, in this paper, we present a trust model based on fuzzy mathematics in cloud computing environment according to success and failure interaction between cloud entities.
An integrated framework for high-level synthesis of self-timed circuits

Asynchronous/self-timed designs are beginning to attract attention as promising means of dealing with the complexity of modern VLSI technology. They are characterized by absence of global clocking and concurrency limited only by the data and control dependencies. They offer the advantages of simpler timing, the absence of clock distribution related problems, composability, opportunities for incremental improvement, and robustness. This dissertation addresses the issues underlying automating specification-driven design of self-timed circuits. An integrated collection of tools called the hopCP Design Environment is developed that facilitates the specification, simulation, analysis, and performance-directed synthesis of self-timed circuits. hopCP is a process-oriented concurrent HDL for the specification of asynchronous systems. It is equipped with constructs for specifying communication, synchronization and concurrency explicitly. It supports multicast communication, a restricted form of distributed shared variables, and a functional sublanguage to specify computation. SHILPA is a high-level system for the automated synthesis of efficient self-timed circuits from hopCP. hopCP descriptions are translated into a graph-based intermediate form called HFG and hierarchically refined into a netlist of self-timed macromodules for an Actel FPGA realization. A flow analysis scheme is described for global optimizations such as efficient guard evaluation and resource sharing. An efficient compiled-code functional simulator for hopCP specifications, based on translating HFGs into Concurrent ML, is also developed.
Blog de aula: la clase sigue en casa

espanolEn este articulo se describe la experiencia de 3 anos con un blog de aula en Matematicas de Educacion Secundaria Obligatoria: la motivacion inicial, los objetivos, la estructura, el desarrollo y los resultados. En este tiempo, la implicacion del alumnado ha ido creciendo hasta configurar el blog como un espacio comun de intercamnbio que amplia el aula y la lleva a los hogares. Con propuestas variadas y divertidas, las Matematicas van perdiendo ese rostro antipatico que tantas veces se les atribuye, aparecen como una sucesion de retos interesantes y al alcance de todos, algo por lo que merece la pena esforzarse. El blog ademas crea lazos de comunicacion y consolida una cultura de grupo en torno a las Matematicas. portuguesEste artigo descreve a experiencia de 3 anos com un blog em sala de aula em Matematica do Ensino Secundario: a motivacâo inicial, os objetivos, estrutura, desenvolvimento e resultados. Neste momento, o envolvimento de alunos cresceu para configurar o blog como um espaco comum de intercamnbio que se estende da sala de aula e leva para as casas. Com propostas variadas e divertidas, Matematica estâo perdendo essa cara severa que muitas vezes e atribuida, aparecendo como una sucessao de desafios interessantes e disponiveis para todos. Vale a pena tentar. O blog tambem consegue criar lacos de comunicacâo e construir uma cultura de grupo em torno de Matematica. EnglishThis article describes an experience of 3 years with a class blog in Secondary Education Mathematics: the initial motivation, objectives, structure, development and results. During this time, the involvement of the students has grown until it has formed the blog as a common space of exchange that widens the classroom and takes it to their houses. Through varied and fun proposals, Mathematics lose the severe face that is so often attributed, appearing both as a sucession of interesting challenges that is available to everyone, and as something for what it is worth to make an effort. The blog also contributes to create, communication links and develop a group culture around Mathematics.
A CORRELATION BETWEEN THE HIGHEST ENERGY COSMIC RAYS AND NEARBY ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI DETECTED BY FERMI

We analyze the correlation of the positions of γ-ray sources in the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) First Source Catalog (1FGL) and the First LAT Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) Catalog (1LAC) with the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) observed with the Pierre Auger Observatory, in order to investigate the origin of UHECRs. We find that Galactic sources and blazars identified in the 1FGL are not significantly correlated with UHECRs, while the 1LAC sources display a mild correlation (2.6σ level) on an ≈2. °4 angular scale. When selecting only the 1LAC AGNs closer than 200 Mpc, we find a strong association (5.4σ) between their positions and the directions of UHECRs on an ≈17° angular scale; the probability of the observed configuration being due to an isotropic flux of cosmic rays is 5 × 10−8. There is also a 5σ correlation with nearby 1LAC sources on a 6. °5 scale. We identify seven “γ-ray loud” AGNs which are associated with UHECRs within ≈17° and are likely candidates for the production sites of UHECRs: Centaurus A, NGC 4945, ESO 323−G77, 4C+04.77, NGC 1218, RX J0008.0+1450, and NGC 253. We interpret these results as providing additional support to the hypothesis of the origin of UHECRs in nearby extragalactic objects. As the angular scales of the correlations are large, we discuss the possibility that intervening magnetic fields might be considerably deflecting the trajectories of the particles on their way to Earth.
Effect of Different Instructional Methods on Error Types and the Underlying Dimensionality of the Test, Part I.

Abstract : Error Analyses performed on data sets revealed that students used a variety of rules of operation for solving the signed-number arithmetic problems. The data sets were obtained from an experimental study in which students were randomly assigned to study either of two lessons written on a computer-based education system. The two lessons used different conceptual frameworks; verbal stories and the number line. This paper deals with the early stages of learning in which the students applied different rules of operation. These systematic sources of variation in the data resulted in increased dimensionality. Moreover, the variety of algorithms (rules of operation) used by the students in both treatment groups supported the assertion that the two instructional methods were at least partially responsible for individual differences in information processing. (Author)
Cardiovascular response to mental and physical tasks as predictors of ambulatory measurements

Cardiovascular responsiveness in the laboratory and in the field was investigated in male students, 40 with borderline hypertensive blood pressure (SBP > 140mmHg and/or DBP > 90mmHg), 17 with mildly elevated blood pressure, and 41 with normotensive blood pressure. The behavioral tests and physically demanding tasks in the laboratory included mental arithmetic, free speech condition, the Cold Pressor Test, upright tilt, climbing stairs, and ergometer exercise. Subsequently, subjects participated in a 24-hour psychophysiological ambulatory monitoring. Borderline hypertensive and normotensive subjects differed in baseline, task, and recovery levels of SBP, DBP, and HR. A laboratory-field comparison showed that some laboratory tasks substantially predicted average daytime blood pressure and heart rate. Measures that were obtained during upright tilt and the stairs test were found to explain a higher portion of criterion variance than psychological tasks, e.g., mental arithmetic. The elevated heart rate (baseline and task level) that was evident in borderline hypertensive subjects in the laboratory disappeared during ambulatory monitoring. This finding suggests differential adaptations to the laboratory.
Response of Cumin ( Cuminum cyminum L.) to Sowing Date and Plant Density

In order to evaluate the effect o f so wing date and plant density o n yield and yield components of cumin (Cuminum c yminum L.) under dry farming conditions of Kermanshah in Iran, a factorial arrangement of a rando mized complete b lock d esign wi th f our r eplications was conducted. Four pl ant densities (50, 100, 150 and 20 0 plants m ) and t hree sowing dates (3, 13 and 23 March) were applied. -2 According to result of this research; seed yield was influenced by sowing date and plant d ensity interaction. Early sowing date resulted in higher seed y ields that can be explained by higher aboveground biomass, the number o f umbrella p er p lant, the number of s eed per u mbrella a nd plant height. Harvest index and 1000-seed weight were not affected by sowing da te and plant density. U nder earlier s owing date, plants wit h d ensity of 200 plants m resulted in high er se ed yields. -2
Corpus methods for semantics : quantitative studies in polysemy and synonymy

This volume seeks to advance and popularise the use of corpus-driven quantitative methods in the study of semantics. The first part presents state-of-the-art research in polysemy and synonymy from a Cognitive Linguistic perspective. The second part presents and explains in a didactic manner each of the statistical techniques used in the first part of the volume. A handbook both for linguists working with statistics in corpus research and for linguists in the fields of polysemy and synonymy.
Elements of E-Mail Style: Communicate Effectively via Electronic Mail

From the Publisher: Electronic mail is rapidly becoming the dominant form of written communication in the 1990s, and effective e-mail writing skills are essential for everyone in both professional and personal settings. This fast-paced medium makes new demands on writing style and has its own customs and conventions. The challenge of e-mail is combining formal and informal written English, online jargon, and the right personal style to create clear and concise electronic communication. The Elements of E-mail Style is the first practical guide to written electronic communication. It simplifies and summarizes essential writing techniques so you can upgrade your writing skills and see your e-mail make maximum impact in minimal time. You'll quickly learn how to master e-mail conventions, such as its jargon and etiquette; deal with issues of e-mail politics and privacy; structure your e-mail messages for impact; simplify your e-mail by choosing the right words and cutting word fat; achieve the right tone and rhythm; build better e-mail messages sentence by sentence; improve your spelling and use abbreviations to save time; add expression to your e-mail messages by using punctuation and smileys; and give visual variety to your e-mail through formatting and special characters.
A study of four styles of pedestrian crossing

Pelican crossings are well established in the UK allowing pedestrians to cross roads safely without excessive disruption to traffic. In recent years however, there has been an increasing feeling that Pelicans could be improved. To address this, the PUFFIN crossing has been developed. In an effort to further improve PUFFIN crossings, a trial has been carried out in which four styles of crossing were assessed against one another at a single site. The four styles were standard Pelican, standard PUFFIN, PUFFIN with standard MOVA, and PUFFIN with volume sensitive MOVA. The standard PUFFIN and Pelican used full D-system VA (Vehicle Actuation) with speed-assessment. The other two surveys involved the use of MOVA, the latter with a new style of overhead detector that measures the 'volume' of pedestrians waiting to cross, enabling MOVA to better balance the delays of pedestrians and vehicles. The site had substantial pedestrian activity during the day with a peak around lunch time. Traffic levels were relatively high and constant during the day with no pronounced peaks. During each of the four one-day surveys, delays to both pedestrians and vehicular traffic were measured and compared. Pedestrian behaviour was also studied. Both MOVA control strategies (i.e. with and without volume sensitivity) had time-dependent delay weighting that increased the importance of pedestrians as their waiting time increased. This changed the balance of delays in favour of pedestrians; MOVA did this efficiently causing little change in delay overall. The results are presented in the paper. For the covering abstract, see IRRD 898010.
An Examination of the Intonation Tendencies of Advanced Wind Instrumentalists Based on Their Performance of Selected Musical Intervals.

The purpose of this study was to examine performance trends of advanced w ind instrumentalists with regard to intervallic tuning. Factors of interest were tuning system, location (above or below a referential stimulus), interval type, and group (student or professional). Also of interest was the direction of deviation of the target pitches, sharp or flat, from equal temperament. Subjects (N =16) were experienced wind instrumentalists, eight experienced professionals, and eight advanced university students. Subjects were recorded performing a two-part reduction of a Bach chorale, first playing the melody with a synthesized harm ony line, then vice versa. Performances were transferred to a NeXT com puter where target intervals were analyzed and converted to cent distance. Results indicated that overall cent deviation was greatest when compared to just tuning and least when compared to equal tem pered tuning. For cent deviation from equal temperament, thirds and sixths were performed slightly less in-tune than fourths, fifths, unisons, and octaves. Location also affected the direction of deviation from equal temperament as it appeared that subjects tended to play sharp and less in­ tune when performing below the stimulus. There were no differences found between groups for the magnitude of deviation, however, considering direction of deviation from equal temperament, it was observed that the student group performed less sharp than the professionals when performing below the stimulus and less in-tune when perform ing above.