Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutritional Composition of Selected Traditional Native American Foods

Food choices have changed among Native American populations. Healthy food choices are subject to lifestyles, cooking skills, nutrition knowledge and the availability of healthy foods. There is a paucity of nutritional information on traditional and cultural Native American foods. Sixteen traditional Dakota recipes were prepared by members of the Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate, Sisseton, South Dakota. These foods were pureed, lyophilized and analyzed for moisture, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate and individual mineral content using officially accepted methods. The following mineral elements were analyzed: calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and zinc. Methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) were employed in all cases. Native American traditional foods studied included: dried com soup, fish head soup, parched com, bean soup, hominy (Pasdaypi) soup, buffaloberry (Mastinpute) pudding, tripe soup, kabubu bread, buffalo (Tatanka) roast, chokecherry (Canpa) pudding, potato soup (Maka bdo), com balls (Wahuwapa Wasna), pemmican, plum (Kan'ta) pudding, turtle soup and wild rice (Psi) soup. Our study determined that traditional Native American recipes tested were generally healthier in relation to selected nutrients such as fat content, total calories, and sodium content when compared to contemporary recipes that use common ingredients. These foods may provide healthy choices in the Native American diet when prepared in traditional ways.
Differences in the Development of Restenosis Over Time for Various Drug-Eluting Stents

Differences in the Development of Restenosis Over Time for Various Drug-Eluting Stents Introduction: Restenosis after stent implantation is one of the major limitations of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Compared to bare metal stents (BMS), drug-eluting stents (DES) have a reduced incidence of restenosis. However, the temporal pattern of restenosis development in patients implanted with DES has not been clearly defined. Aim: This study aims to compare the efficacy of sirolimus-eluting stents (SES), paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES), zotarolimus-eluting stents (ZES), and everolimus eluting stents (EES) via sequential angiographic follow-up and to reveal the development of restenosis over time. Material and methods: Patients were randomized to receive SES, PES, ZES, or EES, and follow-up angiography was performed at 6, 12 and 24months after percutaneous coronary intervention. We analyzed late loss (LL) at each time point and defined 2 time periods: “early” (within first year of follow-up) and “late” (after the first year). Results: In all groups, mean minimal lumen diameter decreased slightly during the 2-year period after the procedure. Compared with the SES group, the PES and the ZES groups showed significantly greater late loss (LL) within 1 year. However, the SES group showed significantly greater LL compared with the other drug-eluting stents (DES) between 1 and 2 years. Conclusions: Serial angiographic analysis revealed differences in the rate of restenosis development over time for various DES. Of the studied DES, EES showed the best results in both early and late LL.
Ricerca in Economia Ciclo XXVI VAR models and methods for monetary and health economics

This paper uses a VAR model in first differences wi th quarterly data for the Eurozone to ascertain whether decisions on monetary policy can be interpr eted in terms of the so-called “nominal GDP targeting rule” (McCallum 1988; Hall and Mankiw 199 4; Woodford 2012). The results obtained appear to indicate a causal relation proceeding fro m deviation between the growth rates of nominal GDP and target GDP to variation in the three-month market interest rate. The same analyses do not, however, appear to confirm the existence of a signi ficant inverse causal relation from variation in the market interest rate to deviation between the n omi al and target GDP growth rates. Similar results were obtained on replacing the market inter es rate with the ECB refinancing interest rate. This confirmation of only one of the two directions of causality does not appear to support an interpretation of monetary policy based on the nomi nal GDP targeting rule, and gives rise to doubt in more general terms as to the applicability of th e conventional rules of monetary policy to the case in question. The results appear instead to be more in line with other possible approaches, such as those based on Post-Keynesian analyses of monetary theory and policy and more specifically the so-called “solvency rule”. These lines of research challenge the simplistic argument that the main goal of monetary policy is the stabilization of inf lation, real GDP or nominal income around a certain equilibrium level. Rather, they give the ce ntral bank a more complex role, which is to contribute to the maintenance of financial stabilit y and the solvency of economic units.
Attribute framing effects on the timing of booking intentions

Based on experimental evidence, this paper intended to shed some light on whether the negative and positive framing (wording) manipulation of a tourism offer affects the travellers’ judgment of the decisions involved in booking a holiday element(i.e., mountains tour) with regard to timing (well before the trip, at the last minute). We employ Levin et al’s attribute framing paradigm to manipulate a key attribute of a holiday offer (good/bad weather conditions on the day of a mountains tour), and ask consumers to evaluate the offer and make a mountains tour reservation decision. As hypothesized, positive presentation of the attribute information elicited more responses in favour of early booking and negative presentation of the same attribute elicited fewer responses in favour of early booking; and therefore this could form a useful basis for marketing communication strategies related to the timing and presentation of booking information to the advantage of the tourism industry. Key words: Prospect theory, attribute framing, weather conditions, experiment, timing of booking intentions
Large-scale distribution of mass versus light from baryon acoustic oscillations: measurement in the final SDSS-III BOSS Data Release 12

Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAOs) in the early Universe are predicted to leave an as yet undetected signature on the relative clustering of total mass versus luminous matter. This signature, a modulation of the relative large-scale clustering of baryons and dark matter, offers a new angle to compare the large scale distribution of light versus mass. A detection of this effect would provide an important confirmation of the standard cosmological paradigm and constrain alternatives to dark matter as well as non-standard fluctuations such as Compensated Isocurvature Perturbations (CIPs). The first attempt to measure this effect in the SDSS-III BOSS Data Release 10 CMASS sample remained inconclusive but allowed to develop a method, which we detail here and use to conduct the second observational search. When using the same model as in our previous study and including CIPs in the model, the DR12 data are consistent with a null-detection, a result in tension with the strong evidence previously measured with the DR10 data. This tension remains when we use a more realistic model taking into account our knowledge of the survey flux limit, as the data then privilege a zero effect. In the absence of CIPs, we obtain a null detection consistent with both the absence of the effect and the amplitude predicted in previous theoretical studies. This shows the necessity of more accurate data in order to prove or disprove the theoretical predictions.
The Long-term Relationship Between Enterprise Risk Management and bank Performance : the missing link in Nigeria

This study investigates the relationship between Enterprise Risk Management adoption and implementation, and the performance of banks using a sample of four out of the seven Strategically Important Banks (SIB) listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange cover-ing the period from 2005 q1 to 2015 q2. In this study, the authors determined a measure for Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) adoption or implementation (ERM index) using an integrated Enterprise Risk Management measurement model for the banking sector suggested by Soliman and Mukhtar (2017). A time series Johansen’s cointegration test was used to obtain evidence of the long-term association between ERM and performance, while Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) analysis was performed to gather evidence of causality relationship between ERM and performance. Finally, Generalized Impulse Response Function was used to obtain evidence of how performance responds to the introduction of a shock on Enterprise Risk Management. This study makes sig- nificant contributions to the existing body of knowledge, as it yields the first Enterprise Risk Management-performance-based empirical results that indicate a long-term relationship, causation effects, in addition to responding to performance ERM. and oth-ers three firms, found a growing interest in ERM among firms with a majority of respondents; 64 percent in Europe and 62 percent in North America. Such results indicate that their interest in ERM was higher compared with the previous year to the current survey. The survey also found that 56 percent of the firms had implemented ERM programs for no more than two years before the year of the survey; thus signal-ling the growing trend in ERM adoption (Deloitte, 2008).
Interdecadal changes in eastern Pacific ITCZ variability and its influence on the Atlantic ITCZ

The eastern Pacific and Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zones (ITCZ) exhibit the largest year‐to‐year variations in boreal spring. We show evidence suggesting that Atlantic ITCZ April–May variability is linked to that for the eastern Pacific through the Walker circulation as it respond to changes in equatorial Pacific convection. Analysis of ITCZ proxy indices shows the link appears to be strong in the 1980–90's and 1920–30's but virtually nonexistent in the 1950–60's. We argue that this apparent nonstationarity results from the nonlinear relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and convection in the eastern equatorial Pacific and its consequent effect on the Walker circulation and the Atlantic ITCZ. This mechanism was modulated over 1856–1998 by interdecadal changes in peak SST attained in the eastern equatorial Pacific during boreal spring.
Multiscale material model for asr-affected concrete structures

One of the most harmful degradation process for concrete structures is the alkali-silica reaction. This process starts at aggregate level with a gel swelling and can produce damage up to macro level, by compromising the integrity and capacity of the structure. In order to better understand the complex nature of this phenomenon, a multiscale material modeling approach is presented. The aim of the model is to capture the coupled effect between chemical and mechanical loading on stiffness, strength and expansion. To this end the chemical loading is driven by a gel production, within a micromechanical damage model. After summarizing the main features on the model, a numerical example illustrates the use of the model for uniaxial tensile tests.
Increased dependence on nearshore benthic resources in the Lake Simcoe ecosystem after dreissenid invasion

Abstract Changes in the lower trophic level of Lake Simcoe, Canada, coincident with the invasion of dreissenids have been well documented, but little is known regarding the effects of these changes on the pathways of energy flow to higher trophic levels. To evaluate pathways of energy flow, we analyzed stable isotopes of zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, and fish over a 26-year period. Using stable isotopes of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), we found evidence for a dramatic increase in the importance of benthic-derived nearshore primary production in Lake Simcoe after the invasion of dreissenids; δ13C of benthos collected at 5 and 10 m depth increased by 4–5‰ on average, and benthic warmwater fishes demonstrated a similar increase. In contrast, δ13C of profundal (≥20 m) benthos and pelagic zooplankton were not significantly different during this time period, while offshore pelagic and profundal fishes changed more subtly in magnitude but in the same direction as nearshore benthos and warmwater fishes. The range of δ13C values observed across the fish community increased from 3 to 10‰, primarily due to a positive temporal shift among warmwater fishes. Our study highlights the increase in functional heterogeneity in Lake Simcoe after dreissenid invasion, likely due to an increase in nearshore benthic production. Accounting for increased contributions of benthic-derived C with time is critical in accurately modelling C and energy transfer in the lake, and for better understanding the degree of nearshore–offshore coupling in the lake.
How We Know What We Think We Know About Human Evolution

Preface 1. Before Darwin 2. Darwin and after 3. Pithecanthropus 4. The early twentieth century 5. Out of Africa 6. Always something new 7. The synthesis 8. Olduvai gorge 9. Rama's ape meets the mighty molecule 10. Omo and Turkana 11. Hadar, Lucy and Laetoli 12. Theory intrudes 13. Eurasia and Africa: Odds and ends 14. Turkana and Olduvai - again 15. The cave-man vanishes 16. Candelabras and continuity 17. So, where are we? References
Effectiveness of Safety Training on Knowledge and Practice of Operating Room Personnel Regarding Fire Prevention

Backgr und and Objective : Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is an abnormal overgrowth of end etrium that may lead to endometrial cancer, especially when accompanied by atypia. The treatment of EH is challenging, and previous studies report conflicting results. Metformin (dimethyl biguanide) is an anti-diabetic and insulin sensitizer agent, whic is s pposed to have antiproliferative and anticancer effects and the potential to decr ase cell growth in endometrium. While some studies have evaluated the anticancer effect f metformin, studies on its potential effect on endom trial hyperplasia re rare. To a dress this gap, in this comp rative trial study, we evaluate the effect of additive metformin to progesterone in patients with EH. Methods: In this clinical trial, 64 women with EH were randomized in two groups. The progesterone-alone group received progest rone 20 mg daily (14 days/month, from the 14th menst ual day) based on the type of hyperplasia, and the progesterone-metformin group receiv d metformin 1000 mg/day for 3 months in addition to progesterone. Duration of bleeding, hyperplasia, body mass index (BMI), and blood sugar (BS) of the patients were then compared between the two groups. Findings: NA mean age of 44.5 years, mean BMI of 29 kg/m2 and mean duration of bleeding of 8 days were calculated for the study sample. There was no significant difference in age, BMI, gravidity, bleeding duration, and duration of disease at baseline between the two groups. While all patients in the progesterone-metformin group showed bleeding and hyperplasia improvement, only 69% of the progesterone-alone patients showed such an improvement, with the difference between the two groups being significant (P = 0.001). Although the difference between two groups in the post treatment endometrial thickness was not significant (P = 0.55), post treatment BMI in the progesterone-metformin group was significantly lower than in the progesterone-alone group (P = 0.01). In addition, the BS reduction in the progesterone-metformin group was significantly larger than that in the progesterone-alone group (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Our results indicated that administration of progesterone 20 mg/day plus metformin 1000 mg/day can significantly decrease bl eding duration, hyperplasia, BMI an BS in women with EH.
The Revolution of Information Technology in Higher Education

Information technology is an amalgam of some wonderful inventions of the 21th century in electronics and communication. During a very short span of time it has acquired an important place in almost all aspects of human life and particularly in the field of education. India has taken some bold steps to adapt and absorb the advances in information technology by constitution of national task force. Having missed the benefits of the industrial revolution as a result of more than two centuries of colonization, the country is overtaken by the information revolution. At the same time globalization having opened the doors wide to alien influence, the government has decided to take all steps to make India an IT super power by adoption of IT as a national program so as to enable personal and national growth. At the one end, some premier institutions are having access to all facilities in terms of educational technology such as multimedia system, LAN, WAN, and World Wide Web on the other hand a large number of university are still depending only on stereotyped lecture method in imparting knowledge. Therefore the existence of technology gap provides an opportunity to use IT supported education technologies for better delivery of education, easier access to a number of knowledge sources, sharing through networks and quality distance learning in management education. In this paper will cover the scope of web based learning, Technology of delivery system, Electronic Library, IT in Distance Education.
Seasonal migration of labor in the autumn lean period: Evidence from Kurigram district, Bangladesh

Seasonal migration o f labor in the autumn lean period is an im portant livelihood strategy for a large num ber of poor people in Northern Bangladesh. The nature of such migration d iffers from that o f permanent internal migration in many respects. People move for a short time period in the lean season because they are confronted by limited opportunities to maintain their current living conditions if they stay home during the months o f econom ic hardship in October-November. The present study intends to identify the characteristics o f the seasonal m igrants and to quantify the effects o f the factors influencing such migration decision, based on the evidences gained from Kurigram, one o f the most poverty-stricken districts o f the country. Based on the Human Capital Approach to Migration, the present study looks at migration behavior at the individual level. By using a binary response econometric model, the study finds that economic factors, ecological vulnerability and personal characteristics of the individuals have profound effects on the seasonal m igration decision. Key W ords: seasonal migration, livelihood strategy, autum n lean period. ESS Working Paper 07 S e a so n a l M igm tioti <>/ L a b o r in lhe A utum n Lean I'erioiJ 2
Dissolved organic matter and its optical characteristics in the Laptev and East Siberian seas: spatial distribution and interannual variability (2003–2011)

Abstract. The East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS) is the broadest and shallowest continental shelf in the world. It is characterized by both the highest rate of coastal erosion in the world and a large riverine input of terrigenous dissolved organic matter (DOM). DOM plays a significant role in marine aquatic ecosystems. The chromophoric fraction of DOM (CDOM) directly affects the quantity and spectral quality of available light, thereby impacting both primary production and ultraviolet (UV) exposure in aquatic ecosystems. A multiyear study of CDOM absorption, fluorescence, and spectral characteristics was carried out over the vast ESAS in the summer–fall seasons. The paper describes observations accomplished at 286 stations and 1766 in situ high-resolution optical measurements distributed along the nearshore zone. Spatial and interannual CDOM dynamics over the ESAS were investigated, and driving factors were identified. It was shown that the atmospheric circulation regime is the dominant factor controlling CDOM distribution on the ESAS. This paper explores the possibility of using CDOM and its spectral parameters to identify the different biogeochemical regimes in the surveyed area. The analysis of CDOM spectral characteristics showed that the major part of the Laptev and East Siberian seas shelf is influenced by terrigenous DOM carried in riverine discharge. Western and eastern provinces of the ESAS with distinctly different DOM optical properties were also identified; a transition between the two provinces at around 165–170° E, also consistent with hydrological and hydrochemical data, is shown. In the western ESAS, a region of substantial river impact, the content of aromatic carbon within DOM remains almost constant. In the eastern ESAS, a gradual decrease in aromaticity percentage was observed, indicating contribution of Pacific-origin waters, where allochthonous DOM with predominantly aliphatic character and much smaller absorption capacity predominates. In addition, we found a stable tendency towards reduced concentrations of CDOM and dissolved lignin and an increase in spectral slope and slope ratio values eastward from the Lena River delta; the Lena is the main supplier of DOM to the eastern Arctic shelf. The strong positive correlation (r = 0.97) between dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and CDOM values in the surface shelf waters influenced by terrigenous discharge indicates that it is feasible to estimate DOC content from CDOM fluorescence assessed in situ using a WETStar fluorometer. This approach is reliable over the salinity range of 3 to 24.5. The fact that there is little difference between predicted and observed parameters indicates that the approach is justified. The direct estimation of DOM optical characteristics in the surface ESAS waters provided by this multiyear study will also be useful for validating and calibrating remote sensing data.
Factors influencing the effectiveness of an attracticide formulation against the Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta

An attracticide formulation, LastCall™OFM, was tested against the Oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in replicated small plot field trials in apple, Malus domestica (Borkhausen), orchards in South‐eastern Pennsylvania, USA. Attracticide treatments were applied using a calibrated hand pump, and treated plots were compared to similar untreated plots. Male moth activity was monitored using virgin female‐baited traps, and the potential for reduction in mating activity was assessed using sentinel virgin females. A comparison of application rates showed that 1500 droplets per ha of the attracticide formulation was as effective as 3000 droplets per ha, and both application rates reduced captures in synthetic pheromone‐baited traps for prolonged periods. Droplets placed either at high or low positions within the canopy significantly reduced trap capture and mating with sentinel females. In addition, the only sentinel females that mated in the treated plots were located in the untreated portion of the tree canopy. Mate finding behaviour was equally disrupted by formulations with and without insecticide. Therefore, under the test conditions, the mechanism by which the attracticide formulation worked was by disruption of male orientation, and not by the removal of males due to insecticide poisoning. Two field cage experiments tested the impact of population density on the competitiveness of the attracticide formulation compared to virgin females. A significant proportion of males were captured in female‐baited traps at the highest female‐to‐droplet ratio tested. Equal proportions of males were captured in attracticide‐baited traps at male moth densities of 10, 20, 40, and 80 males per cage. These results clarify some of the factors influencing the effectiveness and possible mechanisms of an attracticide management tactic against the Oriental fruit moth.