Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BUCKLING ANALYSIS OF CARBON NANOTUBES USING A BEAM ELEMENT BASED ON MOLECULAR MECHANICS

Based on both molecular mechanics and computational structural mechanics, a threedimensional (3D) equivalent beam element is developed to model a C-C covalent bond on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) whereas the van der Waals forces between atoms in the different walls of multi-walled CNTs are described using a rod element. The buckling characteristics of CNTs are conveniently analyzed by using the traditional finite element method (FEM) of a 3D beam and rod model, termed as molecular structural mechanics approach (MSMA). Moreover, to model the CNTs with large length or large diameter, the validity of Euler’s beam buckling theory and a shell model with proper properties defined from the results of MSMA is investigated. The predicted results by this simple continuum mechanics approach agree well with the reported experimental data.
What determines the sizes of bars in spiral galaxies?

I use volume- and mass-limited subsamples and recently published data from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G) to investigate how the size of bars depends on galaxy properties. The known correlation between bar semimajor axis a and galaxy stellar mass (or luminosity) is actually bimodal: for $\log \, (M_{\star }/\mathrm{M}_{\odot })\lesssim 10.1$, bar size is almost independent of stellar mass ($a \propto M_{\star }^{0.1}$), while it is a strong function for higher masses ($a \propto M_{\star }^{0.6}$). Bar size is a slightly stronger function of galaxy half-light radius Re and (especially) exponential disc scale length h (a ∝ h0.8). Correlations between stellar mass and galaxy size can explain the bar-size–M⋆ correlation – but only for galaxies with $\log \, (M_{\star }/\mathrm{M}_{\odot })\lesssim 10.1$; at higher masses, there is an extra dependence of bar size on M⋆ itself. Despite theoretical arguments that the presence of gas can affect bar growth, there is no evidence for any residual dependence of bar size on (present-day) gas mass fraction. The traditional dependence of bar size on Hubble type (longer bars in early-type discs) can be explained as a side effect of stellar mass–Hubble-type correlations. Finally, I show that galaxy size (Re or h) can be modelled as a function of stellar mass and both bar presence and bar size: barred galaxies tend to be more extended than unbarred galaxies of the same mass, with larger bars correlated with larger sizes.
An a Priori Evaluation of Measurement Campaigns in Urban Drainage Systems

The calibration of hydrodynamic models of urban drainage systems got more and more important as the usage of such models as basis for planning increased considerably over the last years. Still the effects originating in the choice of data taken for model calibration are little known and advice for planning measurement campaigns for model calibration is limited, especially for small and medium-sized municipalities. The choice of measurement sites (number and location) within a sewer system to collect data for model inputs as well as outputs is affecting the calibration and finally also the assessment of the modelled system behaviour. This paper discusses the calibration of a hydrodynamic model using the representative example of a small municipality. Different calibration scenarios were estimated on a model based approach, focusing on a varying availability of in-sewer measurement data. To assess the performance of different scenarios and validate the respective models, different model outputs were compared. The calibration scenarios proved to result in high deviations in the model performances. With an increasing number of used calibration points, model performance increases significantly. Predicted CSO volumes deviate from the measured volumes in ranges between -1% and +189% for one, -42% to 27% for two and -2% to 46% for five used calibration points, depending on the used rainfall input. Consequently, the design of measurement campaigns for calibration data is a very sensitive decision in the modelling process. The model performance further influences design and decision-making processes, which are then perceptible in economic and functional aspects.
Discrete spectrum for amenable group actions

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>In this paper, we study discrete spectrum of invariant measures for countable discrete amenable group actions. </p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>We show that an invariant measure has discrete spectrum if and only if it has bounded measure complexity. We also prove that, discrete spectrum can be characterized via measure-theoretic complexity using names of a partition and the Hamming distance, and it turns out to be equivalent to both mean equicontinuity and equicontinuity in the mean. </p>
Contextualizing and Scaling up Science Information Literacy in Introductory Biology Laboratories

ABSTRACT Contributing to ongoing research on the pedagogy of science information literacy, this article describes the contextualization of instruction within a consequential, biology-related public health issue and assesses the impact of this approach on student learning across a large number of course sections. Contextualized science information literacy lessons were presented in an introductory, general education biology lab. Lessons were assessed through a comparison of information literacy skills of students enrolled in the lab and lecture versus those enrolled in the lecture only. Results indicated that students in the lab had greater perceived confidence in their information skills and improved information-seeking methods, relative to lecture-only students who did not receive the contextualized information literacy content.
East Asian summer monsoon climates and cave hydrological cycles over Dansgaard-Oeschger events 14 to 11 revealed by a new stalagmite record from Hulu Cave

Abstract A 230Th/U-dated stalagmite from Hulu Cave was analyzed for δ18O, δ13C, and trace elements. A ~10-yr-resolution δ18O record, spanning 51.7–42.6 ka, revealed Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events 14 to 11. A similar rapid transition and synchronous timing of the onset of DO 12 is evident between the Greenland and Hulu Cave records, which suggests a common forcing mechanism of DO cycles in the North Atlantic and monsoonal region of Asia. Centennial-scale monsoonal oscillations in the cave δ18O record are indicative of hydroclimatic instability during interstadials. After removing the signals of remote moisture sources, the proportion of moisture from nearby sources is found to be higher during stadials than during interstadials. To explain this, we propose that the movement of the westerly jet is an important control on the balance of nearby and distant moisture sources in East Asia. In addition, the records of δ13C and trace element ratios, which are proxies of local environmental changes, resemble the δ18O record on the scale of DO cycles, as well as on even shorter timescales. This suggests that hydrological processes and biological activity at the cave site respond sensitively to the monsoonal changes.
The Optical Afterglow of GW170817: An Off-axis Structured Jet and Deep Constraints on a Globular Cluster Origin

We present a revised and complete optical afterglow light curve of the binary neutron star merger GW170817, enabled by deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST) F606W observations at ≈584 days post-merger, which provide a robust optical template. The light curve spans ≈110–362 days, and is fully consistent with emission from a relativistic structured jet viewed off-axis, as previously indicated by radio and X-ray data. Combined with contemporaneous radio and X-ray observations, we find no spectral evolution, with a weighted average spectral index of 〈 β 〉 = − 0.583 ± 0.013 , demonstrating that no synchrotron break frequencies evolve between the radio and X-ray bands over these timescales. We find that an extrapolation of the post-peak temporal slope of GW170817 to the luminosities of cosmological short gamma-ray bursts matches their observed jet break times, suggesting that their explosion properties are similar, and that the primary difference in GW170817 is viewing angle. Additionally, we place a deep limit on the luminosity and mass of an underlying globular cluster (GC) of L ≲ 6.7 × 103 L⊙, or M ≲ 1.3 × 104 M⊙, at least 4 standard deviations below the peak of the GC mass function of the host galaxy, NGC 4993. This limit provides a direct and strong constraint that GW170817 did not form and merge in a GC. As highlighted here, HST (and soon the James Webb Space Telescope) enables critical observations of the optical emission from neutron star merger jets and outflows.
On the Modelling of Uncertain Impulse Control for Continuous Markov Processes

The use of coordinate processes for the modelling of impulse control for {\em general}\ Markov processes typically involves the construction of a probability measure on a countable product of copies of the path space. In addition, admissibility of an impulse control policy requires that the random times of the interventions be stopping times with respect to different filtrations arising from the different component coordinate processes. When the underlying strong Markov process has {\em continuous}\ paths, however, a simpler model can be developed which takes the single path space as its probability space and uses the natural filtration with respect to which the intervention times must be stopping times. Moreover, this model construction allows for uncertain impulse control whereby the decision maker selects an impulse but the intervention may result in a different impulse occurring. This paper gives the construction of the probability measure on the path space for an admissible intervention policy subject to an uncertain impulse mechanism. An added feature is that when the intervention policy results in deterministic distributions for each impulse, the paths between interventions are independent and, moreover, if the same distribution is used for each impulse, then the cycles following the initial cycle are identically distributed. This paper also identifies a class of impulse policies under which the resulting controlled process is Markov. The decision to use an $(s,S)$ ordering policy in inventory management provides an example of an impulse policy for which the process is Markov and has i.i. d. ~cycles so a benefit of the constructed model is that one is allowed to use classical renewal arguments.
Comparative study between diarrheagenic Escherichia coli virotypes from Mexico City and San Luis Potosí

The distribution and frequency of Escherichia coli virotypes can vary considerably from region to region, due to the geographical characteristics, the degree of social lag as well as the population of each region. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to compare Escherichia coli isolated from children with diarrhea obtained from two states with different levels of social lag and establish virotypes, adhesion to HEp-2 cells, biofilm formation, and antimicrobial resistance of this bacterium. In the present work, we compared E. coli isolated from children with diarrhea obtained from the City of San Luis Potosí (S.L.P.) with E. coli isolated from children with diarrhea of Mexico (City CDMX), with the purpose of identifying and establishing virotypes, adherence to HEp-2 cells, formation of biofilms, and antimicrobial resistance of these bacteria. The results showed that the percentage of virotypes found in S.L. P., were higher with respect to the virotypes found in the CDMX, being enterotoxigenic the most frequent virotype for both populations. The incidence of this virotype was higher for E. coli isolated from S.L. P., and the statistical analysis showed p < 0.000. The incidence of the enteroinvasive and EHEC virotypes was higher in the state of S.L. P., with p < 0.000. The adhesion phenotype, both aggregative and diffuse, was related to the presence of the aat and astA genes. The tests to determine the production of biofilms in strains of E. coli, allowed us to determine that the method in Congo red agar, were the most effective for its evaluation. In relation to the antimicrobials tested, a higher percentage of resistance of the E. coli strains of the CDMX was observed, in relation to the strains of S.L. P., with a statistically significant difference of p < 0.05.
Sleeping beauty generated CD19 CAR T-Cell therapy for advanced B-Cell hematological malignancies

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged recently as a standard of care treatment for patients with relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and several subtypes of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). However, its use remains limited to highly specialized centers, given the complexity of its administration and its associated toxicities. We previously reported our experience in using a novel Sleeping Beauty (SB) CD19-specific CAR T-cell therapy in the peri-transplant setting, where it exhibited an excellent safety profile with encouraging survival outcomes. We have since modified the SB CD19 CAR construct to improve its efficacy and shorten its manufacturing time. We report here the phase 1 clinical trial safety results. Fourteen heavily treated patients with relapsed/refractory ALL and NHL were infused. Overall, no serious adverse events were directly attributed to the study treatment. Three patients developed grades 1-2 cytokine release syndrome and none of the study patients experienced neurotoxicity. All dose levels were well tolerated and no dose-limiting toxicities were reported. For efficacy, 3 of 8 (38%) patients with ALL achieved CR/CRi (complete remission with incomplete count recovery) and 1 (13%) patient had sustained molecular disease positivity. Of the 4 patients with DLBCL, 2 (50%) achieved CR. The SB-based CAR constructs allow manufacturing of targeted CAR T-cell therapies that are safe, cost-effective and with encouraging antitumor activity.
Profiling consumers with an environmentally sustainable and healthy diet: The case of Spanish households

Our diet has substantial implications not only for our health but also for the environment. However, the two dimensions are not comparable, even though consumers often associate them with their purchasing choices. Promoting more sustainable diets requires a better knowledge of household profiles considering the healthy and organically sustainable character of the food purchased. Previous studies have approached the analysis of consumer profiles separately, differentiating both dimensions without clear conclusion regarding the variables that make up these profiles. In this study, we looked for household profiles by cross-referencing the organic nature of the products consumed (environmental sustainability) with their degree of processing (healthfulness) in Spain. The results show that the most sustainable products are consumed in tiny municipalities (less than 2,000 inhabitants). In contrast, less sustainable products are consumed in high-income, single-family households or households with small children. The person responsible for the purchase is working or between 39 and 45 years old. In conclusion, our study shows that socio-demographic variables are statistically significant in identifying household profiles with sustainable diets.
Effect of Treated Oil Refinery Waste Water on Physiomorphological Characteristics of Triticale

T H E S I S SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF JBottor of ^I)ilosfop|)p IN BOTANY -TA-OOyvj OZAIR AZIZ DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 1991 EFFECT OF TREATED OIL REFINERY WASTE WATER ON PHYSIOMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRITICALE
Supercritical elliptic problems on the round sphere and nodal solutions to the Yamabe problem in projective spaces

Given an isoparametric function $f$ on the $n$-dimensional round sphere, we consider functions of the form $u=w\circ f$ to reduce the semilinear elliptic problem \[ -\Delta_{g_0}u+\lambda u=\lambda\ | u\ | ^{p-1}u\qquad\text{ on }\mathbb{S}^n \] with $\lambda>0$ and $1 \frac{n+2}{n-2}$, i.e., in the supercritical case. Moreover, using a reduction via harmonic morphisms, we prove existence and multiplicity of sign-changing solutions to the Yamabe problem on the complex and quaternionic space, having a finite disjoint union of isoparametric hipersurfaces as regular level sets.
Consistency of the Infrared Variability of SGR A* over 22 yr

We report new infrared (IR) measurements of the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Center, Sgr A*, over a decade that was previously inaccessible at these wavelengths. This enables a variability study that addresses variability timescales that are 10 times longer than earlier published studies. Sgr A* was initially detected in the near-infrared (NIR) with adaptive optics observations in 2002. While earlier data exists in form of speckle imaging (1995–2005), Sgr A* was not detected in the initial analysis. Here, we improved our speckle holography analysis techniques. This has improved the sensitivity of the resulting speckle images by up to a factor of three. Sgr A* is now detectable in the majority of epochs covering 7 yr. The brightness of Sgr A* in the speckle data has an average observed K magnitude of 16.0, which corresponds to a dereddened flux density of 3.4 mJy. Furthermore, the flat power spectral density of Sgr A* between ∼80 days and 7 yr shows its uncorrelation in time beyond the proposed single power-law break of ∼245 minutes. We report that the brightness and its variability is consistent over 22 yr. This analysis is based on simulations using the Witzel et al. model to characterize IR variability from 2006 to 2016. Finally, we note that the 2001 periapse of the extended, dusty object G1 had no apparent effect on the NIR emission from accretion flow onto Sgr A*. The result is consistent with G1 being a self-gravitating object rather than a disrupting gas cloud.
Contrasting effects of dispersal network heterogeneity on ecosystem stability in rock-paper-scissors games

Intransitive competition, typically represented by the classic rock-paper-scissors game, provides an endogenous mechanism promoting species coexistence. As well known, species dispersal and interaction in nature might occur on complex patch networks, with species interacting in diverse ways. However, the effects of different interaction modes, combined with spatial heterogeneity in patch connectivities, have not been well integrated into our general understanding of how stable coexistence emerges in cyclic competition. We thus incorporate network heterogeneity into the classic rock-paper-scissors game, in order to compare ecosystem stability under two typical modes of interaction: species compete to fill empty sites, and species seize each other’s colony sites. On lattice-structured regular networks, the two interaction modes produce similar stability patterns through forming conspecific clusters to reduce interspecific competition. However, for heterogeneous networks, the interaction modes have contrasting effects on ecosystem stability. Specifically, if species compete for colony sites, increasing network heterogeneity stabilizes competitive dynamics. When species compete to fill empty sites, an increase in network heterogeneity leads to larger population fluctuations and therefore a higher risk of stochastic extinctions, in stark contrast to current knowledge. Our findings strongly suggest that particular attention should be devoted to testing which mode of interaction is more appropriate for modeling a given system.
WEB 2.0 AS AN INSTRUCTIONAL TOOL IN TEACHING LARGE CLASSES AT FUNAAB, NIGERIA

Digital technology has become an indispensable communication tool for students and educators in the past two decades. Currently, academic institutions view digital technologies as essential instructional content delivery media for both pedagogical and research purposes. This study assesses the extent of improvement of students’ learning through the use of Web 2.0 as an instructional tool in large classes using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). It juxtaposes this with the overall performance of students after the use of traditional lecture delivery method on some selected courses at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria. These experiments were carried out at the end of the 2014/2015 academic session. Within this period, out of the selected courses, two courses (GNS 103 and GNS 204) were taught without the use of ICT technology while the others (HSM 207 and AAD 507) were taught using Web 2.0. The study revealed that there was a significant difference in the evaluation of the academic performance of the students taught with Web 2.0 technology, compared with those taught without it: 95.4% of the students taught with Web 2.0 technology in class were able to make evaluative comments and contributions to t
The Incidental Acquisition of English Nominal Structures by a Young EFL Learner under Comprehension-based Lessons

This paper reports incidental acquisition of English nominal structures by a young EFL learner under comprehension-based lessons. The learner was exposed to a series of English sentences containing the target structures through listen-and-do activities. These activities required that the learner select different items based on the instructions given by the researcher. The exposure took place between 40 and 60 minutes in total spread over 3 days. In the fourth day, the learner was asked to give instructions (in English) to the researcher to select particular items. The learner’s task performance was then transcribed and analyzed using complexity and accuracy measures. The results indicated that comprehension-based lessons were effective in facilitating incidental acquisition the target structures for the learner.
The major risk factor for depression in the Chinese middle-aged and elderly population: A cross-sectional study

Background The number of patients suffering from depression is continuously increasing in China. Demographic characteristics, physical health levels, and individual lifestyles/healthy behaviors are associated with the severity of depression. However, the major risk factor for depression remains unclear. Materials and methods In this investigation, 16,512 patients were screened using the CHARLS (China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study) database after being determined to be eligible based on the inclusion criteria. Depressive symptoms were evaluated through the CESD-10 (10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale). Consequently, various models were developed based on potential predictive factors, employing stepwise LR (Logistic Regression)/RF (Random Forests) models to examine the influence and weighting of candidate factors that affect depression. Results Gender, residential address location, changes in health status following last interview, physical disabilities, chronic pain, childhood health status, ADL (activity of daily living), and social activity were all revealed to be independent risk factors for depression (p < 0.05) in this study. Depression has a synergic effect (across chronic pain and age groups). In comparison to other factors, RF results showed that chronic pain had a stronger impact on depression. Conclusion This preliminary study reveals that chronic pain is a major risk factor for depression.