Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Users' guides to the medical literature : essentials of evidence-based clinical practice

"Users' Guide to the Medical Literature: Essentials of Evidence-Based Clinical Practice" will help you develop the core knowledge you need to take control of the medical literature - to uncover the relevant information, assess its validity and determine whether it applies to your patient. The pocketsized Essentials is succinct yet thorough in its exposition of the concepts, making it the ideal text to tote along on the wards. Affordably priced, the book offers: a thorough, comprehensive and clinician-friendly evidence-based medicine toolkit; why framing the right question is so important; how to find and distinguish between strong and weak evidence; what's needed to critically appraise the best evidence; how to weigh the risks and benefits that precede medical management decisions; how to individualize evidence to each patient; and, a CD-ROM to enable intuitive, nonlinear learning experiences in coordination with the text.Also available is the "Manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice", which together with "Essentials of Evidence-Based Clinical Practice" provide the most detailed yet clinical-friendly exposition of the concepts necessary to use the medical literature to solve patient problems.
CapG promotes resistance to paclitaxel in breast cancer through transactivation of PIK3R1/P50

Background: Chemotherapy resistance is a major problem in breast cancer treatment and a leading cause of mortality in breast cancer patients. Biomarkers for chemotherapy resistance is under investigation. Methods: Paclitaxel resistant cells were established and subjected to RNA sequencing. Analysis combined with two additional RNA-seq datasets was conducted. CapG expression in patients with adjuvant chemotherapy was studied in breast cancer resection specimens using IHC and related to pathological response and disease-free survival. Paclitaxel resistance was assessed by half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) and a mouse xenograft model. Results: Increased expression of actin-binding protein CapG strongly correlated with the resistance to paclitaxel chemotherapy and decreased probability to achieve pathological complete response in breast cancer patients. Overexpressing CapG significantly enhanced paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer cells and xenograft tumors. High CapG level also significantly correlated with shorter relapse-free survival as well as hyper-activation of PI3K/Akt signaling in breast cancer patients. Mechanistically, CapG enhanced PIK3R1 expression which led to increased PI3K/Akt activation. Unexpectedly, CapG was found to bind to the variant-specific promoter of PIK3R1/P50 and directly enhance its transcription. We also identified p300/CBP as a transcriptional coregulator of CapG, which is recruited to PIK3R1 promoter through interaction with CapG, thereby increasing PIK3R1/P50 transcription by enhancing histone H3K27 acetylation. Consistently, inhibiting p300/CBP substantially decreased CapG-dependent upregulation of PIK3R1/P50 and subsequent PI3K/Akt activation, resulting in increased sensitivity to paclitaxel treatment in breast cancer cells. Conclusion: High CapG levels may predict poor paclitaxel response in breast cancer patients. Targeting CapG-mediated hyperactivation of PI3K/Akt pathway may mitigate resistance to chemotherapy in breast cancer.
Arundo donax L. as a low-cost and promising biosorbent for the removal of crystal violet from aqueous media: kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic investigations

In the present study, Arundo donax L was used as a low-cost biosorbent for the uptake of basic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous media. Systematic batch mode studies of adsorption of crystal violet (CV) on Arundo donax were carried out as a function of process of parameters includes initial CV concentration, dose of adsorbent, pH, contact time and temperature. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models. The adsorption of CV followed the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 19.60 mg/g and pseudo second-order kinetics under a specified set of conditions. The thermodynamic parameters like free energy (ΔG°), enthalpy (ΔH°) and entropy (ΔS°) changes for the adsorption of CV ions have been evaluated and it has been found that the reaction was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. Owing to its rapid adsorption rate and uptake capacity, stem of Arundo donax L. seems to be a promising biosorbent for removal of toxic dyes from wastewater.
Solving Linear Programs with Õ ( √ rank ) Linear System Solves

We present an algorithm that given a linear program with n variables, m constraints, and constraint matrix A, computes an -approximate solution in Õ( √ rank(A) log(1/ )) iterations with high probability. Each iteration of our method consists of solving Õ(1) linear systems and additional nearly linear time computation, improving by a factor of Ω̃((m/ rank(A))) over the previous fastest method with this iteration cost due to Renegar (1988) [51]. 1 Further, we provide a deterministic polynomial time computable Õ(rank(A))-self-concordant barrier function for the polytope, resolving an open question of Nesterov and Nemirovski (1994) [47] on the theory of “universal barriers” for interior point methods. Applying our techniques to the linear program formulation of maximum flow yields an Õ(|E| √ |V | log(U)) time algorithm for solving the maximum flow problem on directed graphs with |E| edges, |V | vertices, and integer capacities of size at most U . This improves upon the previous fastest polynomial running time of O(|E|min{|E|, |V |} log(|V |/|E|) log(U)) achieved by Goldberg and Rao (1998) [18]. In the special case of solving dense directed unit capacity graphs our algorithm improves upon the previous fastest running times ofO(|E|min{|E|, |V |}) achieved by Even and Tarjan (1975) [16] and Karzanov (1973) [22] and of Õ(|E|) achieved more recently by Mądry (2013) [39]. This paper is a journal version of the paper, “Path-Finding Methods for Linear Programming : Solving Linear Programs in Õ( √ rank) Iterations and Faster Algorithms for Maximum Flow” [34] and arXiv submissions [32, 33]. This paper contains several new results beyond these prior submissions. This paper provides the first proof of a Õ(r)-self-concordant barrier for all polytopes {x ∈ R : Ax ≥ b} with r = rank(A) that is polynomial time computable (as opposed to the pseudo-polynomial time computability of the universal barrier of [47]). Further, this paper provides a conceptually simpler weight function than that in our prior works and a unified analysis by establishing new connections between the algorithm, the barrier, and `p Lewis weights [37, 9, 8]. Several components of [34, 32, 33] were not included in this journal version. Techniques, for leveraging this paper to solve linear programs exactly are deferred to [32] and techniques for analyzing the error induced by approximate linear system solves are deferred to [33]. These techniques are fairly standard and general and omitted from this paper for brevity. Further, techniques for reducing the cost of the linear systems found in [32] are also not included and have been improved in a sequence of recent work [35, 8, 2] and techniques solving generalized minimum cost flow as opposed to more restricted minimum cost flow problem considered in this paper are deferred to [33]. ar X iv :1 91 0. 08 03 3v 1 [ cs . D S] 1 7 O ct 2 01 9
T ROPICAL RAINFALL CONDITIONS IN RAINFED AGRICULTURE IN C ARABOBO

Variability and climate change are having a strong impact on different meteorological variables; inducing changes in the precipitation pattern that directly affects water availability in agroecosystems. It is for this reason that the objective of this work was to analyze the interannual variability of tropical rainfall and its influence on rainfed agriculture of the Lake of Valencia basin in Venezuela. For this, the monthly and annual precipitation data (1969-1999) of eight climatological stations were used. Subsequently, the basic descriptive statistics were calculated, the evolution of the precipitation was described and finally, it was calculated from the P90% -10% percentile range as an indicator of the variation of the series amplitude. The results establish that there are changes in the interannual precipitation regime and, after analyzing trends in annual precipitation in Yuma Caserio, Colonia El Trompillo, Agua Blanca and Las Dos Bocas, there is a generalized reduction in rainfall, would negatively affect the generation and availability of moisture in agricultural locations, which depend heavily on rainwater. The agricultural vocation in the lowlands of the lake basin of Valencia makes it very vulnerable to persistent dry episodes, where rainfed crops such as industrial sorghum, maize, vegetables, fruits (musáceas) and citrus fruits diminish their yield during the absence prolonged rainfall, affecting the agricultural sector of the region.
Career Concerns and Corporate Finance Preliminary and Incomplete

We incorporate managerial career concerns as in Holmstrom (1999) into a dynamic corporate finance framework with financial constraints. Career concerns induce the manager to exert time-varying stochastic effort as she attempts to influence the market’s belief of her talent. However, in equilibrium, career concerns cause the selfinterested manager to work hard especially when she is more productive creating substantial value for shareholders even beyond the first-best MM benchmark value (for a firm that is wholly owned by a risk-neutral manager without career concerns.) Additionally, financial constraints and managerial career concerns jointly have important conceptual and quantitative effects on corporate investment, financing, and valuation. ∗Columbia University, NBER and CEPR. Email: pb2208@columbia.edu. Tel. 212-854-9245. †Columbia Business School and NBER. Email: neng.wang@columbia.edu. Tel. 212-854-3869. ‡Shanghai University of Finance and Economics (SUFE). Email: yang.jinqiang@mail.sufe. edu.cn.
Frequency of acute myeloid leukemia in children attended in Belém, Pará from August 2005 to May 2009

Introducao: A leucemia mieloide aguda (LMA) tem incidencia variavel nas diferentes regioes do Brasil. Objetivos: Determinar a frequencia dos subtipos de LMA em criancas entre 0-17 anos, atendidas em Belem, Para, no periodo de agosto de 2005 a maio de 2009. Casuistica e metodos: Estudo retrospectivo com 278 pacientes com diagnostico de leucemias agudas ou cronicas com base nos criterios clinicos, morfologicos (classificacao franco-americana-britânica [FAB]/Organizacao Mundial da Saude [OMS]) e de perfil imunofenotipico por citometria de fluxo para determinacao da frequencia de subtipos de LMA. Resultados: Foram encontrados 70 (25,18%) casos de LMA; destes, 37 (52,9%) eram criancas entre 0-17 anos (idade mediana de 7 anos e 8 meses). Nao houve diferenca estatistica em relacao ao genero. Observou-se maior frequencia de LMA dos subtipos M2 (18/37 - 48,6%) e M0/M1 (10/37 - 27%), principalmente na primeira decada de vida (16/28 [57,1%] LMA M2 e 9/28 [32,1%] LMA M0/M1). Conclusao: Na populacao pediatrica, os tipos de LMA M2, M0/M1 e M3 foram, respectivamente, as mais frequentes.
Dollar Exchange Rate as a Credit Supply Factor – Evidence from Firm-Level Exports

The dollar exchange rate affects real outcomes not only through competitiveness, but also through fluctuations in credit supply. Using detailed export data at the firm-level, we find that the dollar exchange rate affects exports and, conditional on the firms' and banks' financing structure, operates in the opposite direction to the competitiveness channel. Other things equal, firms that are more reliant on banks with higher dollar funding suffer a larger negative effect on exports following an appreciation of the dollar. The effect is particularly pronounced for firms with long production chains. We identify a financial channel of the dollar exchange rate operating through bank credit supply to the exporting firm.
Assessment of Reactive Routing Protocols of MANET (AODV and DSR)

This research evaluates the performance of Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Ad-hoc onDemand Distance Vector (AODV) that are both reactive in nature in OPNET V 14.5. This study evaluates the performance of reactive routing protocols by applying different parameters like Number of nodes, topology change, mobility of nodes, throughput and also evaluates the behavior of these protocols when implemented in a various environment. In this research, result showed that AODV outperforms best in all.
Precipitation patterns above Belgium using weather radar and COSMO model reflectivity data

Tim B öhme* 1, Nicole van Lipzig 2, Laurent Delobbe 3, and Axel Seifert 4 1Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium, Tim.Boehme@ees.kuleuven. be 2Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium, Nicole.VanLipzig@ees.kuleuven. be 3Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium, Observations Department, Av. Circulaire 3, 1180 Brussels, Belgium, Laurent.Delobbe@oma.be 4Deutscher Wetterdienst, Referat 13E, Frankfurter Str. 135, 63067 Offenbach, Germany, axel.seifert@dwd.de
The Impact of Communication Factors on Job Satisfaction Among Icelandic Employees in the Public Sector

The main purpose of the present study was to explore the impact of communicative factors on job satisfaction and employee’s desired need for new ways of communicating. In addition, it was assessed whether communicative factors would differ between employees that had any subordinates and those who did not. Participants in the study were 127 employees in leisure centers in Reykjavik, Iceland. A survey was conducted and consisted of nine factors measuring role expectations, leadership, justice, social support, and job satisfaction. Regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between employee’s job satisfaction and interactional justice, procedural justice, role clarity, role conflict, empowering leadership, fair leadership, support from co-workers, and support from superiors which supports the primary hypothesis. Results also provided support to the secondary hypothesis as employees desired need for new methods of communication was significantly related to role conflict and interactional justice. T-test analysis revealed that those who had any subordinates experienced more empowering leadership, more procedural justice and more role clarity in the workplace than those who did not have subordinates. This study supports the importance of developing new methods that encourage fairness in order to increase job satisfaction.
ISSN 2320-5407 International Journal of Advanced Research (2014), Volume 2, Issue 2, 25-29

JOSE KURIEN A simple, selective and precise high performance thin layer chromatographic method was developed and validated for the determination of Cilostazol in bulk drug and in formulation. The method uses aluminium plates pre-coated with silica gel 60F-254 as the stationary phase and hexane:acetone:chloroform (5:2:3, v/v/v) as solvent system. This system gave compact spot for Cilostazol (Rf: 0.15 ± 0.01). Densitometric analysis of Cilostazol was performed in the absorbance mode at 254nm. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plot showed good linear relationship over a concentration range of 1 – 10 μg spot -1 . The values of correlation coefficient, slope and intercept were 0.998, 1489 and 4915 respectively. The method was validated for precision, robustness and recovery. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.089 and 0. 269μg spot -1 , respectively.
An exploratory investigation of usage of digital stethoscope by clinicians in telehealth setting through Information Systems success model

Telehealth systems have been identified as a means of improving access and quality of healthcare services, particularly those in rural and remote areas. Since physicians are the primary users of telehealth infrastructure in providing quality care, their level of technology usage has an impact on a system’s success. This study builds on current research by developing a framework to evaluate the use of DS by clinicians in a telehealth environment. Three popular digital stethoscopes available in the market were chosen for this study and their technical features identified. A preliminary framework to assess the usage of a new medical technology, digital stethoscope in a telehealth setting was developed, based mainly on specific attributes of IS success model and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The study explores the relationship between information quality, system quality, service quality and their impact on clinicians’ satisfaction and usage of the system. The study was conducted in five stages: literature review, small pilot test, documentation review, focus group, and observation. The qualitative case study approach was identified as the most suitable for this study. Documentation review, observations and focus group interviews were adopted as the main qualitative data collection methods within this exploratory study. In total, 19 focus groups in India and three in Australia were conducted in hospitals located in either metropolitan areas or regional networks. The collected data was imported into Nvivo 8 for further analysis and examined for themes relevant to the literature and the development of the subsequent conceptual framework. The key premise informing this research has been that understanding users’ perceptions towards a particular medical technology is required prior to the successful implementation of a telehealth system where Digital Stethoscopes (DS) are deployed. The main finding of the study was clinicians’ perceptions toward medical technologies appear to be consistent within both case studies, except for aspects such as cost and design. The information quality, service quality and system quality of a telehealth system where a DS is deployed appears to have an impact on the level of user satisfaction and, consequently, may influence clinicians’ intention to accept and use the DS in their daily practice. The preliminary conceptual model developed for this study based on the literature review to guide the data collection remained relatively unchanged, although additional factors have been included as a result of clinicians’ views, thus enhancing Information Systems success model. This dissertation contributes to the number of existing theories and provides practical outcomes for three different groups: health managers, manufacturers and clinicians.
Lag, Constant and Decay Release Characteristic of St-PVOH Encapsulated Urea as a Function of Coating Thickness Using Different Empirical Models

Uncoated urea, when applied to crops is susceptible to losses from volatilization, leaching, nitrous emission and water eutrophication. Plants require varying quantities of nutrients during different stages of growth; they need smaller amounts during infancy and larger amounts during the development of roots, stalk and stem. In this research, controlled release coated urea (CRCU) was synthesized via encapsulation with starchpolyvinyl alcohol biocomposite (St-PVOH). Lag, constant and decay release characteristic of the CRCU were simulated using different empirical models as a function of coating thickness. Structural elucidation and morphology of the raw urea and CRCU were determined using FTIR and SEM analytical techniques, respectively. FTIR confirm esterification reaction for St-PVOH. The SEM image of the raw urea appears rough and have fine openings while that of CRCU possesses a seemingly decrease in membrane porosity, ordered and uniform layer. This characteristic qualifies the CRCU as a semi-permeable membrane. Simulation results revealed that coating thickness of 4.3 and 6.4 are best desirable in designing a CRCU for plant at infancy stage, root, and stalk and stem development. Overall, sigmoidal law shows best robust prediction to expanded varying coating thicknesses.
Handwriting Performance of Typical Second-Grade Students as Measured by the Evaluation Tool of Children's Handwriting - Manuscript and Teacher Perceptions of Legibility

Background: The purpose of the study was to describe scores achieved by typical second-grade students on the Evaluation Tool of Children’s Handwriting – Manuscript and to compare scores with teacher perceptions. Method: As part of a larger study, the ETCH-M was administered to 74 second-grade students. Teachers scored classroom samples of handwriting assignments using a researcher-developed scale and scores were compared to ETCH-M scores to determine cutoff values for good versus poor handwriting. Results: Mean scores for total word legibility, total letter legibility, and total numeral legibility were 88.82%, 84.30%, and 89.26%, respectively. Cutoff scores below 82% for word legibility and 77% for letter legibility for second-grade students based on teacher perceptions of below average handwriting are cautiously suggested. Research with a larger dataset is needed. Boys scored significantly lower on the ETCH-M and this finding warrants further research. Conclusion: The findings add to the limited body of information about the psychometric properties of the ETCH-M and the normative performance of typical second-grade students. Comments The authors report that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
A case of ectopic bronchogenic cyst in the stomach and a review of relevant literature

Bronchogenic cyst is a type of residual embryonic cystic gland resulting from bronchial dysfunction during embryonic development. It is a disease caused by abnormal development. Ectopic bronchogenic cysts are rarely encountered in clinical practice. Their growth rate is usually slow, and the onset is insidious. These cysts mostly develop into diseases after the patient reaches adulthood. The clinical symptoms are not typical. Computed tomography (CT) can assist in diagnosis, although the final diagnosis requires pathology. Bronchogenic cysts rarely have malignant development, and surgical resection is the only method for treating this disease. Cysts should be completely removed with the capsule to the fullest extent possible during surgery. There is currently no reported case of recurrence and metastasis when the cyst has ruptured.
Effect of curcumin on hippocampus dentate gyrus injury induced by nicotine in rats

Introduction: Nicotine is the most important alkaloid compound in tobacco and is a major risk factor in the development of functional disorder of several organ systems. Some plants produce Curcumin, which has antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of curcumin against nicotine injury on the hippocampus CA1 region of rats. Methods: In this study, 48 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to eight groups: Normal control (saline) group, Nicotine control group (0.5 mg/kg); Curcumin groups (10, 30, and 60 mg/kg) and Nicotine + Curcumin groups (10, 30, and 60 mg/kg). Treatments were administered intraperitoneally daily for 28 days. Golgi staining technique investigated the number of dendritic spines. Cresyl violet staining method was used to determine the number of neurons in hippocampal region CA1. Griess technique was assessed to determine serum nitrite oxide level. Also, the Ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) method was applied to determine the total antioxidant capacity. Results: Nicotine administration significantly increased nitrite oxide level and decreased total antioxidant capacity as well as the number of neuronal dendritic spines and neurons compared to the normal control group (P < 0.01). In all Curcumin and Nicotine + Curcumin groups, the number of neurons, neuronal dendritic spines, and total antioxidant capacity increased significantly compared to the nicotine control group, while nitrite oxide level decreased significantly compared to the nicotine control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Curcumin administration can improve hippocampal CA1 region injury induced by nicotine.