Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Empirical Study of the Effects of Different Similarity Measures on Test Case Prioritization

Similarity-based test case prioritization algorithms have been applied to regression testing. The common characteristic of these algorithms is to reschedule the execution order of test cases according to the distances between pair-wise test cases. The distance information can be calculated by different similarity measures. Since the topologies vary with similarity measures, the distances between pair-wise test cases calculated by different similarity measures are different. Similarity measures could significantly influence the effectiveness of test case prioritization. Therefore, we empirically evaluate the effects of six similarity measures on two similarity-based test case prioritization algorithms. The obtained results are statistically analyzed to recommend the best combination of similarity-based prioritization algorithms and similarity measures. The experimental results, confirmed by a statistical analysis, indicate that Euclidean distance is more efficient in finding defects than other similarity measures. The combination of the global similarity-based prioritization algorithm and Euclidean distance could be a better choice. It generates not only higher fault detection effectiveness but also smaller standard deviation. The goal of this study is to provide practical guides for picking the appropriate combination of similarity-based test case prioritization techniques and similarity measures.
Variations in Physicochemical Properties and Productivity Implications for Four Soils in the Derived Savannah of Southern Nigeria

2 Abstract: Studies were carried out on four pre-classified soils in the Derived Savannah of Southern Nigeria to assess their productivity based on their physicochemical attributes. Inherent soil constraints which could affect their productivity were identified and consequently appropriate management practices were recommended to maximize their productive potential. For soils of Itagunmodi, Apomu and Iwo series liming was recommended to increase the soil pH as well as the ECEC; also soil organic carbon levels should be increased. For Apomu, Iwo and Odeyinka series appropriate erosion control measures should be taken and tillage should be limited to only when soil is drier than its plastic limit. Specifically, for Apomu and Odeyinka series salinity effects should be avoided. Fertilization with adequate amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus is recommended for soils of Itagunmodi and Iwo series. In addition, high priority should be given to erosion control and maintenance of surface cover in the case of Itagunmodi series because of the clayey texture of the subsoil.
Good-bye Scydmaenidae, or why the ant-like stone beetles should become megadiverse Staphylinidae sensu latissimo (Coleoptera)

Ant-like stone beetles (Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae) include more than 4,850 described species in about 90 genera main- tained as a separate cosmopolitan family since 1815. Recent authors have hypothesised that Scydmaenidae might be rooted deep inside rove-beetles (Staphylinidae). To test this hypothesis we analysed 206 parsimoniously informative larval and adult morpho- logical characters scored for 38 taxa. Strict consensus topologies from the shortest trees in all 12 analyses consistently placed Scyd- maenidae as sister to (Steninae + Euaesthetinae) in a monophyletic Staphylinine Group (with or without Oxyporinae). The single fully resolved and most consistently supported topology maintains a monophyletic Staphylinine Group consisting of Oxyporinae + (Megalopsidiinae + (("Scydmaenidae" + (Steninae + Euaesthetinae)) + (Leptotyphlinae + (Pseudopsinae + (Paederinae + Staphylini- nae))))); Solierius lacks larval data and is ambiguously placed within the Group. Eight analyses of variably aligned 18S rDNA data for 93 members of Staphylinoidea under parsimony, neighbour-joining and Bayesian approaches were markedly inconsistent, although partly congruent with the Scydmaenidae + (Steninae + Euaesthetinae) hypothesis. Our results strongly suggest that ant-like stone beetles do not form an independent family, but are morphologically modified members of Staphylinidae and, consequently, should be treated as a 32nd recent subfamily within the megadiverse Staphylinidae sensu latissimo. Formal taxonomic acts are: Scydmaeninae Leach, 1815, status novus (= Scydmaenidae Leach, 1815); Scydmaenitae Leach, 1815, status novus (= Scydmaeninae Leach, 1815); Mastigitae Fleming, 1821, status novus (= Mastiginae Fleming, 1821); Hapsomelitae Poinar & Brown, 2004, status novus (= Hapsomelinae Poinar & Brown, 2004). The family Staphylinidae sensu latissimo becomes the largest in Coleoptera and in the whole of the Animal Kingdom, with 55,440 described species (extant plus extinct), thus surpassing Curculionidae with an esti- mated 51,000 described species.
Analysis of First-year Student performance in an Engineering Program

During the last ten years, the typical criteria for entry to an engineering course at a university in NSW, Australia, has been based on the University Admission Index (UAI). It was an index derived largely from the achievements of a student in examinations at the end of their secondary school education. The UAI provided a measure of overall academic achievement that assisted institutions to rank applicants for tertiary selection. In 2010, the UAI in NSW was replaced by the Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR). A student who is able to rank well enough, will be able to enter an engineering course of their choice without any further testing of cognitive ability. Students who are unable to achieve the desired ranking will need to find alternative methods of entry. The question of just where this ranking cut-off lies could be regarded as a subjective measure; is it possible that universities are denying entry to students that have potential to become successful engineers? In this paper, an analysis of the performance of a group of students that have completed their firstyear of study in electrical engineering at the University of Wollongong during the years 2000-2010 is undertaken. Student groupings are created based on their background knowledge and their performances investigated. The result is a collection of results that illustrate the likelihood of a student achieving an acceptable result at the end of their first year of study.
First case of an infection of the metacercariae of Austrodiplostomum compactum (Lutz, 1928) (Digenea, Diplostomidae) in Hypostomus regani (Ihering, 1905) (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

Austrodiplostomum compactum (Lutz, 1928) (Digenea, Diplostomidae) was recorded infecting the eyes of a Hypostomus regani (Ihering, 1905) (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). This is the first report of a loricarid fish infected with A. compactum.
Assessing The Economic Value of Dynamic Conditional Correlations in a Multi-Asset Framework

In this study the economic value of dynamic conditional correlations in a multivariate framework is evaluated with an economic loss function. Data on 65 assets in seven different asset classes over the period 2003-2018 is employed to construct mean-variance optimised portfolios based on predetermined expected returns and covariance estimates from different models. In addition to traditional multivariate GARCH models used by Engle and Colacito (2006), a Block Dynamic Equicorrelation and a Dynamic Factor GARCH model are used to benefit from high model parsimonity and a Combination model is used to exploit model complementarities. Using the testing procedure of Barendse and Patton (2018) with 1000 expected return simulations, the Scalar BEKK model outperforms all other models. On average, traditional multivariate GARCH models yield required returns that are respectively 2 and 3.3 times higher compared to required returns from portfolios constructed by the Block Dynamic Equicorrelation and the Dynamic Factor GARCH model.
Large Eddy simulations of a stirred tank using the lattice Boltzmann method on a nonuniform grid

A nonuniform grid lattice Boltzmann technique previously described by He et al. [1] has been extended to simulate three-dimensional flows in complex geometries. The technique is applied to the computation of the turbulent flow in a stirred tank driven by a standard Rushton turbine. With the nonuniform grid approach, the total CPU time required for a simulation of the flow in a stirred tank can be reduced by roughly 75% and still provide the same spatial accuracy as would be obtained with a uniform high-resolution grid. Statistical results for the computed flow fields will be compared with experimental results (H. Wu and G. K. Patterson, Chem. Eng. Sci. 44, 2207 (1989)) and with simulations by J. G. M. Eggels (Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 17, 307 (1996)) and J. J. Derksen and H. E. A. Van den Akker (AIChE J. 45, 209 (1999)). The results of the nonuniform mesh simulation are in reasonable agreement with the available experimental data and the results of previous simulations.
How Camera Makers Knit Their Social Networks to Become More Innovative?

This paper explores the mechanisms embedded in the relationship between the network status and innovations. Little prior research answered the relationship between M&A, strategic alliances and innovations and how innovations are influenced by strategic alliances and M&A activities. In addition, how network characteristics like networks status influence innovations was not systematically studied. I offered a systematic framework to investigate these issues. I argue that firms use the resource access mechanism and the market control mechanism to knit their social networks and influence the social capital accumulation, which in turn affects the firms’ innovations ability.
Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder Ozone by ozonesonde and lidar measurements

We present validation studies of MLS version 2.2 upper tropospheric and stratospheric ozone profiles using ozonesonde and lidar data as well as climatological data. Ozone measurements from over 60 ozonesonde stations worldwide and three lidar stations are compared with coincident MLS data. The MLS ozone stratospheric data between 150 and 3 hPa agree well with ozonesonde measurements, within 8% for the global average. MLS values at 215 hPa are biased high compared to ozonesondes by A`20% at middle to high latitude, although there is a lot of variability in this altitude region. Comparisons between MLS and ground-based lidar measurements from Mauna Loa, Hawaii, from the Table Mountain Facility, California, and from the Observatoire de Haute-Provence, France, give very good agreement, within A`5%, for the stratospheric values. The comparisons between MLS and the Table Mountain Facility tropospheric ozone lidar show that MLS data are biased high by A`30% at 215 hPa, consistent with that indicated by the ozonesonde data. We obtain better global average agreement between MLS and ozonesonde partial column values down to 215 hPa, although the average MLS values at low to middle latitudes are higher than the ozonesonde values by up to a few percent. MLS v2.2 ozone data agree better than the MLS v1.5 data with ozonesonde and lidar measurements. MLS tropical data show the wave one longitudinal pattern in the upper troposphere, with similarities to the average distribution from ozonesondes. High upper tropospheric ozone values are also observed by MLS in the tropical Pacific from June to November.
Evaluation of carbaryl sorption in alluvial soil

This study investigated the adsorption potential of carbaryl onto alluvial soil. Parameters that influence the adsorption process such as pH, adsorbent dose, initial carbaryl concentration, stirring rate, particle size, contact time and temperature were studied in a batch process. The carbaryl adsorption capacity was at maximum at pH 6 for an initial concentration of 20 ppm. Adsorption equilibirium time was observed in 180 min. Equilibrium adsorption data was best fitted with Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-first order kinetic model, respectively. The adsorbent was characterized by X-ray diffraction spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The experiment performed indicated that the adsorption capacity of carbaryl was significantly correlated with particle size, organic matter and pH of the soil. Therefore, the possibility for carbaryl to contaminate underground water may be greater in the presence of low organic matter content.
Kinetics and Characteristics of Soybean Oil and Protein Extracted by AOT Reverse Micelle Technology

The mass transfer process of soybean oil extracted by AOT reverse micelle was determined. Meanwhile, the physicochemical properties of oil and structural properties of protein were also investigated by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier infrared spectrum (FTIR), and amino acid analyzer. The results indicated that the mass transfer model can be set up as 1+2(1-x)-3(1-x)2/3=0.248•exp⁡(-720.8/T)•t. The reaction probably belongs to internal diffusion. The oil extracted by AOT reverse micelle was in better quality according to physicochemical analysis. The soybean protein almost retained its original structure in AOT reverse micelle by FTIR and amino acid analysis. Therefore, AOT reverse micelle is an attractive procedure for extracting oil and protein simultaneously.
INTEGRATING PRODUCT INNOVATION THEORY THROUGH A MULTITHEORETICAL APPROACH

Firm-level product innovation theory today is ambiguous, conflated, fragmented, incomplete, unbalanced and inconsistent. This paper addresses these shortcomings and distinguishes between the overall process of product innovation (new product development) and its outputs of new-to-the firm, internally-sourced product invention, externally-sourced product adoption, and product commercialization. Because product innovation theory involves multiple domains (decision-making, processes and outputs), a multitheoretical approach is taken that employs four theoretical building blocks of related theories that explain firm-level product innovation: evolution (evolution, path-creation, path-dependence theories), intelligence (organizational learning, rational search, knowledge management theories), decision-making (limited rationality, contingency, real options theories) and resources/capabilities (resource-based view, dynamic capabilities theories). This paper formulates a firm-level conceptual framework where strategic decision-making and resources develop absorptive capacity needed for product invention/adoption. Firm product invention/adoption, together with its developed absorptive capacity and complementary assets, achieve product commercialization necessary for firm success.
Effect of the Freshness of Starting Material on the Final Product Quality of Dried Salted Shark

This study describes the relationship between the freshness of the starting raw material (fish) and the final product quality in experimentally dried shark fish. Sharks were stored at room temperature (25oC) for 0, 24 and 48 h and then salted, processed and sun dried at ambient temperatures ranging from 35 to 42oC. There was marked difference in sensory and microbiological quality of fresh fish stored to different time periods, but, after drying, the quality difference was negligible. The results of this study show that storage of fish up to 48 h under experimental conditions at room temperature does not affect major microbiological quality and proximate composition of the final dried product.
EVALUATING THE FACTORS INFLUENCING POULTRY FARMERS’ PARTICIPATION IN EGG PRODUCTION: A BINARY LOGIT REGRESSION MODEL

Insufficient information on the determinant of poultry farmers’ interest in egg production often limits the opportunity to predict the level of preference for poultry production. To develop policies in addressing poultry farmers’ problem in respect of their participation in egg production, the determinants and the level of their interest in agriculture have to be adequately explored and understood. Towards this end a study has been conducted in Ilorin, Kwara state capital to evaluate the factors influencing poultry farmers’ participation in egg production. The study area was divided into three and a stratified random sampling technique was adopted in selecting a total sample size of 300 respondents, out of which 50 registered poultry egg producers and 50 registered poultry non egg producers were selected from each division. A structured questionnaire was administered to obtain the information needed from the sampled producers. Data analysis was done using binary Logit regression. The result revealed that year of education, Farm size, income, participation in cooperative society and credit are the significant factors contributing to their participation. The marginal probability European Scientific Journal October edition vol. 8, No.23 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e ISSN 18577431 126 done on the significant binary Logit regression showed that participation in cooperative society had highest influence on the poultry egg farmer’s interest and credit access showed the extent of their interest in the elasticity of probability. The study concluded that socioeconomic variables such as years of education, farm size, income, participation in cooperative society and access to credit are the determinant of poultry egg farmer’s interest in egg production. It was recommended that Credit which had a positive and significant effect on the interest of poultry egg farmers is necessary to encourage technical innovations and timely availability of necessary inputs. Government should influence by reducing borrowing rates on credit in order to encourage and accelerate the transformation of poultry industry.
Towards Enhancing Leadership Styles and Skills through Organization Development Intervention to Increase Employee Engagement

Today’s successful organizations depend on capable and efficient leadership to guide them through unprecedented changes. The quality of leadership can increase organizational performance as shown by some research underscoring the solid linkage between employee engagement and organizational performance. This study focuses on one of the leading financial service companies in Bangkok. Specifically, it looks at employee engagement – and disengagement – and at the factors impacting it and seeks to determine which leadership styles are the most appropriate to positively impact employee engagement. Correlation analysis and analysis of variance techniques were employed to determine the relationship between leadership styles and skills and employee engagement; two strengtheners of an organization’s human sales force capabilities. Data was collected from a sample of 321 managers and employees in a financial service company in Thailand. On the basis of the findings, it can be concluded that the application of transformational and transactional leadership skills along with the positive change approach of Whole Brain Literacy, Appreciative Inquiry and Appreciative Coaching combined to induce managers to positively engage their employees. By implementing the appropriate leadership styles and skills, managers can achieve a high level of employee engagement.
Effect of Bond Properties on the Behavior of FRP-Strengthened RC Girders Subjected to Monotonic and Cyclic Loads

This paper describes how externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is a feasible and economical alternative to traditional methods for strengthening and stiffening deficient reinforced and prestressed concrete bridge girders. The behavior of bond between fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) and concrete is the key factor controlling the behavior of these structures. Several experiments showed that debonding failure occurs frequently before FRP rupture and therefore the FRP strength can not be fully utilized. For design accuracy, the FRP strength must be reduced. This paper analyzes the effect of the bond properties on the response and failure modes of FRP-strengthened RC beams. A nonlinear RC beam element model with bondslip between the concrete and the FRP laminates is used to analyze a test specimen subjected to monotonic and cyclic loads typical of seismic excitations, and to investigate the corresponding failure mode, and whether it is due to FRP rupture, debonding, or concrete crushing. The model is considered one of the earliest studies to numerically evaluate the behavior of FRP-strengthened girders under seismic loads. The model was also used to study the reduction factor of FRP tensile strength of simply supported strengthened RC girders due to debonding failure. This reduction factor seems to be directly affected by the bond strength between FRP and concrete interface. The study concludes with a numerical evaluation of the current ACI 440.2R guidelines for bond reduction factors.
Els Efectes del foc en pinedes de la Catalunya central

Es descriu un cas representatiu de sistemes forestals fortament modificats pel foc, corresponent a l'incendi de l'estiu de 1986 a l'area de Jorba (Anoia). S'han mostrejat parcelles cremades i no cremades al cap de 2 anys del foc, proximes i de similars caracteristiques fisiografiques. Els sols han perdut completament els horitzons organics, s'ha format una crosteta superficial, i s'han generalitzat els processos erosius. Les perdues totals de carboni organic del sal son de 8 t/ha i les de nitrogen de 250 kg/ha. El fosfor total ha augmentat en 35 kg/ha a causa de la combustio de la vegetacio. La regeneracio de la vegetacio ha estat deficitaria. Les especies rebrotadores presenten percentatges de rebrotada del 50 % en exposicions al solell. La germinacio dels pins ( Pinus halepensis ) es molt pobra i son plantes herbacies les que expliquen una gran part del recobriment existent: 50-70 % al cap de dos anys de l'incendi.
Effect of Nile compost application on growth and chemical constituents of Jatropha curcas grown under different salinity levels of diluted sea water.

A pot experiment was conducted during 2009 and 2010 seasons in the National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt (Research and Production Station, Nubaria). The aim of this work was to study the effect of Nile compost application at rats of (0, 100 and 200g/pot) on growth and chemical constituents of Jatropha curcas under three levels of salinity of diluted sea water (2000, 4000 and 6000 mgL -1 ) and tap water served as control. Salinity treatments have a depressing effect on various growth parameters (i.e. plant height, stem diameter, root length, leaves number/ plant, leaf area and fresh and dry weight of all plant organs. The same tendency was observed regarding chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids content and total carbohydrate percentage as well as the percentage of N, P and K. Such depressive effect was increasingly prominent with increasing salinity level. On the other hand, proline content and percentage of Na increased by increasing salinity levels. This means that, all previous growth parameters and chemical constituents, except the percentage of Na and proline content, tended to increase by increasing the rates of Nile compost up to 200g as compared to the untreated ones. Hence, it could be recommended to treat plants, grown in regions irrigated with saline water, with Nile compost to overcome destructive effect of salinity.