Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Daytime Sleepinessin Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

Background and purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common type of sleep disorder which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death. Despite the importance of OSA and its cardiovascular complications, most of the people with this disorder remain undiagnosed and untreated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of at risk groups for OSA in cardiovascular patients. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was performed in 400 patients with CVD (hypertension, heart failure, coronary arteries, valvular disease) admitted in critical care unit (CCU) in Sari Fatemeh Zahra Hospital, Iran 2016-2017. Data were collected by validated STOP-BANG, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the patients’ medical profiles. SPSS V20 was applied for data analysis. Results: The patients included 54% males (n=216). The mean age of patients was 62.99 ±11.53 years old. Among the patients 62.5% had high STOP-BANG scores. Patients with coronary disease (67%) and heart failure (66%) were at higher risk for OSA. There were no significant differences between the four groups of diseases investigated in the risk of developing OSA (P= 0.65). Compared with women, the majority of male patients were at high risk for OSA (86.5% vs 34.23%). Individuals with high risk of obstructive sleep apnea had the highest level of daytime sleepiness (P= 0.002). Conclusion: The risk of obstructive sleep apnea is high in cardiovascular patients, so, they should be investigated to prevent further complications.
Pathogenicity of Rice Root-Knot Nematode , Meloidogyne graminicola on Rice Nursery in Different Soil Types

Rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola Golden and Birchfield, 1965 is a pest of international importance and it is reported to cause 17-30% yield loss in rice due to poorly filled kernels [1]. It is a serious problem in the nurseries and upland rice but has been found to be widespread in the deep water and irrigated rice also in many states of India [2-4]. Effect of varying degrees of incidence of root-knot nematode on the rice under inoculated conditions was studied [5]. For every unit increase of 1000 larvae in inoculum, there was 2.6, 30 and 42 % reduction in grain yield when plants were inoculated at an age of 12, 32 and 64 days, respectively. The major cause for high incidence of nematode infection is attributed to the presence of light textured soil, non-availability of ample water and transplantation of infected seedlings. As rice is grown in various soil types prevalent in different agro-climatic zones, so such study was carried out in different textured soils as the relationship between components of soil and nematode is linear [6]. Plants are more vulnerable at nursery stage than at later stage to this nematode [7].
1 Characterization of collagens fibers ( I , III , IV ) and 2 elastin of normal and neoplastic canine prostatic 3 tissues 4

3 Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal 13 Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; carlos.e. alves@unesp.br 14 15 * Correspondence: renee.laufer-amorim@unesp.br; Tel. : +55-14-3880-2076 16 17 Abstract: This study aimed to investigate Coll-I, III, IV and elastin in canine normal prostate and 18 PC, using Picrosirius red (PSR) and Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Eight normal prostates 19 and 10 PC from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples were used. Collagen fibers area was 20 analyzed with ImageJ software. The distribution of Coll-I and Coll-III was approximately 80% around 21 prostatic ducts and acini, 15% among smooth muscle and 5% surrounding blood vessels, in both 22 normal prostate and PC. There was a higher median area of Coll-III in PC, when compared to normal 23 prostatic tissue (p=0.001 for PSR and p= 0.05 for IHC). Immunostaining for Coll-IV was observed in 24 the basal membrane of prostate acini, smooth muscle, blood vessels, and nerve fibers of normal and 25 PC samples. Although there was no difference in Coll-IV area between normal tissue and PC, tumors 26 with Gleason score 10 showed absence of Coll-IV, when compared to scores 6 and 8 (p=0.0095). Elastic 27 fibers were found in the septa dividing the lobules and around the prostatic acini of normal samples, 28 and was statistically higher in PC, compared to normal tissue (p=0.00229). Investigation of ECM 29 components brings new information and should be correlated with prognosis in future studies. 30
N O T I C E THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED FROM MICROFICHE. ALTHOUGH IT IS RECOGNIZED THAT CERTAIN PORTIONS ARE ILLEGIBLE, IT IS BEING RELEASED IN THE INTEREST OF MAKING AVAILABLE AS MUCH

This report summarizes the research and development performed under contract NAS8-33819. The objective of the research and development was to evaluate the concept of using generated retinal reflex (GRR) images to detect the antecedents of amblyopia, The investigations confirmed that GRR images can be consistently obtained, futhermore these images Contain anfororation required to detect the anteced;ints of amblyopia; eg. , optical inequality of one eye compnred to the fellow eye. Digital analyses, electro-optical analyses, and trained observers were used to evaluate the GRR images. Even though several digital algorithms and electro-optical techniques were tried, no objective evaluation method was found. Two and three dimensional plots were made from the digital analyses results. These plotted data greatly enhanced the GRR image content, and it was possible for no"-trained observers to correctly identify normal vs abnormal ocular status by viewing the plots. Electra-optical evaluation techniques which were used in this program did not provide satisfactory results because they could not resolve subtle differences in ocular inequality. Based upon the criteria of detecting equality or inequality of ocular status of a person's eyes, the trained observer correctly indentified the ocular status of 90% of the 232 persons who participated in this program.
Book to Market and Size as Determinants of Stock Returns of Banks: An Empirical Investigation from MENA Countries

The aim of this study is to examine empirically the determinants of stock returns of banks in the MENA countries. Methodologically, we use the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and the three-factor model of Fama and French (1993) for a sample of 30 banks during the period from March 31, 2004 to March 18, 2014. From the empirical findings, we can show that the firms with big size and with high book to market (BH) produce higher average stock returns than big firms during all periods of study (before the crisis, during the financial crisis of 2007 and after the financial crisis). In addition, we find that the size, the book to market and the market risk premium have very strong importance to explain the volatility of the expected returns. The results show, also, that the market risk (Mkt) has a positive impact on market profitability of banks except for the SM and BH portfolios in the case of the CAPM and Fama and French models. The risk associated with the size (SMB) has a positive impact on small banks and a negative impact on banks with big sizes. Finally, the risk related to the market value (HML) has a positive impact on small and large banks.
Influence of probiotic on growth , feed utilization , hematological and biochemical indices of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus )

Hassaan, M. S. Soltan, M. A. Abdella, M. M. El-Sayaad, G. A. and Ghonemy, M. M. R. a National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt b Faculty of Agriculture , Benha University ABSTRACT Twelve practical diets were formulated to contain four levels of Bacillus licheniformis (0.0, 0.24×10, 0.48×10 and 0.96×10 CFU g), respectively, with three yeast extract levels (0, 0.5% and 1%). Each diet was randomly assigned to duplicate groups of 50 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (5.99±0.03 g) for 12 weeks. Increasing dietary B. licheniformis levels in O. niloticus and yeast extract levels significantly (P<0.01) improved growth performance and nutrient utilization. Supplementation of the experimental diets with, 0.48×10 CFU/g and 1.0% yeast extract showed the best nutrient utilization compared to other treatments. All probiotic levels significantly (P<0.01) increased chemical composition (P<0.05) compared to the control group, while increasing yeast extract did not significantly alter chemical composition. Hematological indices, total protein and albumin of O. niloticus significantly increased while aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase significantly (P<0.01) decreased with an increase in B. licheniformis level up to 0.48×10 CFU g. Increasing levels of yeast extract had no effect on hematological parameters and the diets supplemented with 0.48×10 CFU g and 0.5% yeast extract showed the highest hematological values.
SEPARATION OF L-ARGININE AND L-CITRULLINE IN RED AND YELLOW CRIMSON WATERMELON (Citrullus lanatus) JUICES EXTRACT USING HPLC GRADIENT MODE

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a nutritious fruit that has attracted scientific interest due to its phytonutrient content including carotenoids and amino acids. Watermelon juice is the richest known source of amino acids including L-arginine and L-citrulline. For a complete separation of amino acids in watermelon juices, a gradient mode of reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with UV detection was utilised owing to its supremacy over isocratic mode. This present study was aimed at achieving good separation of chromatography profiles and baseline between L-arginine and L-citrulline in red and yellow crimson watermelon juice extract. The edible parts of watermelons were juiced, stored at – 80 C and freeze dried to obtain dried juice powder. Samples were analysed by gradient mode of RP-HPLC using 0.1% orthophosphoric acid in water (v/v) and acetonitrile as mobile phase A and B. The chromatograph separation was performed using Gemini C18 column at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, maintained temperature at 25 C while detection was made at four different wavelengths; 195 nm, 200 nm, 207 nm and 210 nm with total analysis time of 35 min. Excellent chromatographic separation was achieved at conditions of gradient elution (0%B 95%B, 0-18 minutes and 95%B, 18-23 minutes, 95%B-0%B, 23-25 minutes, 0%B, 25-35 minutes) with baseline between L-arginine and L-citrulline in both watermelon juice extracts. The gradient mode used in this RP-HPLC successfully achieved efficient separation of chromatographic profile for amino acids, L-arginine and L-citrulline in the red and yellow crimson watermelon juice extracts.
Dynamic Model Extraction for Speed Control of Induction Motor Driven by a Voltage Source Inverter with Using System Identification Application

In this study, the dynamic model extraction of the three-phase squirrel cage asynchronous motor driven with a voltage source inverter and the system identification for the speed control has been applied. The transfer function of the system corresponding to the dynamic behavior of the asynchronous motor in real time was found by using the System Identification Toolbox in the MATLAB/Simulink program. By using the transfer function found for system, a simulation block diagram was executed. To keep the change in asynchronous motor speed within the desired tolerance limit values, the gain coefficients of PI controller was adjusted automatically by making a simulation study. The gain coefficients of the controller found as a result of the simulation study were applied without any change to the same asynchronous motor that was operated in real time. It has been determined that there was no deviation that might negatively effect the steady-state operation at motor speed against to mechanical load changes.
Exploring an Automated Feedback Program ‘Grammarly’ and Teacher Corrective Feedback in EFL Writing Assessment: Modern vs. Traditional Assessment

This study aimed at (1) exploring the teachers and students’ perceptions and attitudes toward the implementation of ‘Grammarly’ and teacher corrective feedback, (2) uncovering the strengths and weaknesses of the use of ‘Grammarly’ and teacher corrective feedback in EFL writing class. This study employs a case study design. The findings of this study show the positive perceptions and attitudes of teachers and students on the implementation of both ‘Grammarly’ and teacher corrective feedback. ‘Grammarly’ is better in reducing errors in terms of vocabulary usages (diction), language use (grammar), and mechanics of writing (spelling and punctuation). However, it is less effective to improve the content and organization of students’ EFL writing. On the contrary, teacher corrective feedback is better in terms of improving the content, organization, and mechanics of writing, but it is less effective in terms of language use and diction.
Learning definite determiners : genericity and definiteness in English and Spanish *

Languages are characterized by an intricate system of form-to-sense correspondences. In the vocabulary part of the mental lexicon, researchers believe that children solve part of the mapping problem by making use of the linguistic context in which lexical items appear (Gillette et al. 1999). A more complex variant of this problem is the problem of mapping form to sense in the functional subdomain of the mental lexicon, where the problem of polysemy is often complicated by complex grammatical constraints. We are particularly interested in the crosslinguistic comparison of the acquisition of functional elements such as the definite determiner, which can have comparable syntactic distributions across languages, but map into overlapping but non-identical semantic spaces. This paper is part of ongoing work (Pérez-Leroux, Munn and Schmitt, 2003, Pérez-Leroux, Munn and Schmitt, in press) examining the development of the acquisition of the definite determiner in contexts where a) the definite does not have its canonical use/interpretation of referring to a unique and specific discourse-identified entity; and b) there is cross-linguistic and intra-linguistic variation in the distribution of non-canonical uses. We present here two studies examining the effect of the determiner and tense on children’s generic interpretations in English and Spanish.
ACE-INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF PROTEIN HYDROLYSATE FROM THE SKIN OF STRIPED CATFISH ( Pangasius hypophthalmus )

There has recently been an increasing demand to produce protein hydrolysates containing peptides with specifi c biological properties, which could be marketed as functional food ingredients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity of striped catfi sh skin hydrolysates and its corresponding fractionates. The striped catfi sh skin from fi llet processing was extracted in an autoclave at 1210C for 30 minutes to obtain an extracted protein. Then it was further hydrolysed with Alcalase with the enzyme to substrate ratio of 20 units/gram protein at 50oC, pH 8 for 7h to obtain protein hydrolysate. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) increased with the increase of hydrolysis time and reached the highest DH of 91.9% after 7h hydrolysis. The 5-h hydrolysate (DH= 60.8%) exhibited the highest ACE-inhibitory activity (IC50 = 831 μg/ml). Therefore, the 5-h hydrolysate sample was used as material for studying enrichment of ACE-inhibitory peptides by ultrafi ltration using three different molecular weight cut-off membranes (10, 5, and 1 kDa). Six sample fractions obtained during ultrafi ltration process (permeate and retentate) were tested for angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition activity. Permeate of 1 kDa membrane showed the highest activity. The obtained hydrolysates were fractioned using SephadexM G-15. Based on gel fi ltration chromatography results, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides had molecular weight ranging of 307 Da to 429 Da. Our fi ndings revealed the potential of using catfi sh skin as a promising material for retrieving angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory substances.
A prospective randomized study to compare analgesic and sedative effect of midazolam and nalbuphine with midazolam and fentanyl in patients undergoing awake fiberoptic intubation

Introduction: Awake fiberoptic intubation (AFOI) under sedation and local anaesthesia is gold standard in anticipated difficult airway scenarios. Various drugs are used to achieve conscious sedation with adequate analgesia such as propofol, fentanyl, nalbuphine and midazolam. In this study, we compared the analgesic and sedative effects of fentanyl and midazolam with nalbuphine and midazolam in patients undergoing AFOI using spray as you go method. Materials and Methods: 60 patients between the age of 18 and 60yrs of either sex, scheduled for elective surgery were included after taking written informed consent. Premedication with Inj. Glycopyrrolate 0.2 mg i.m. 30 mins before and Inj. Midazolam 1 mg i.v. 15 mins before the procedure was given. Then patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group N (n=30) received inj. nalbuphine 0.2 mg/kg i.v. and group B (n=30) received inj. fentanyl 2 mcg/kg i.v. , both 5 mins prior to the introduction of fiberscope. The nasotracheal fiberoptic intubation was carried out using spray as you go technique. Level of sedation, intubation score and VAS score were observed along with patient comfort score. Results: Group F patients had better sedation score (P=0.328), VAS score (P=0.184), significantly better intubation score (P=0.00), intubation time (0.00) and patient comfort score (P=0.05). Hemodynamics (heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure) were significantly better in group F. Conclusion: Fentanyl-midazolam combination for awake fibreoptic intubation using spray as you go technique, provided better sedation and analgesia, obtunded airway reflexes and minimized pressor response to awake fibreoptic intubation and provided better patient comfort. Keywords: Fiberoptic, Intubation, Spray as you go, Fentanyl, Nalbuphine.
An Intelligence in Our Image: The Risks of Bias and Errors in Artificial Intelligence

Machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence influence many aspects of life today and have gained an aura of objectivity and infallibility. The use of these tools introduces a new level of risk and complexity in policy. This report illustrates some of the shortcomings of algorithmic decisionmaking, identifies key themes around the problem of algorithmic errors and bias, and examines some approaches for combating these problems.
Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Marketing Performance : a comparative study

The aim of this research is to comparatively evaluate the impact of corporate social responsibility practiceson marketing performance in theNigerian and UK financial industry. Research Value: the value of this research is to expose the Nigerian financial industry players/stakeholders to the CSR expectations of their consuming public. Research Methodology: the study used the mixed method design with major quantitative input (Nigerian sample) and minor qualitative input (UK sample). We adopted simple random sampling to administer the questionnaire instrument on 200 customers of the twenty Nigerian deposit accepting banks using the banks insider contact.Also we purposively selected 40 managers from the banks’ (two from each of the banks) totalling 240 study participants. The questionnaire was framed using Likert scale of measurement to allocate weights on questions posed on the instrument. The 240 survey instruments where fully completed and retrieved. Thereafter thedata wasanalysedusingthe spearman’s rank order correlation coefficient and facilitated by SPSS version 20. Findings: the study found that corporate social responsibility practices have significant influence on consumer purchase behaviour,sales growth as well as profitability in the Nigerian financial sector. We further found that CSR is poorly practiced by the Nigerian financial firms. Whilst in the UK we found that CSR is striving healthily as a result of its government commitment resulting in the establishment of CSR department and the development of CSR framework to regulate corporate behaviours. Recommendations: This paperrecommends for stakeholders in the Nigerian financial sector to take advantage of the benefits and opportunities inherent in implementing positive CSR behaviour on its public, by refocusing its CSR goals to be a true reflection of its internal and external customer expectations.
The demand for money and the term structure of interest rates in Pakistan

Using the term structure of interest rates, and treating measured income as a scale variable, the paper analyses the demand for money in Pakistan. It is found that replacement of simple average interest rate by the term structure of time deposit rates improves the estimates of money demand function. Money demand is found to be sensitive to changes in interest rates and income level. Furthermore, diseconomies of scale are observed in money holdings.
Running head : TRANSGENDER AND INCARCERATION A Review of the Empirical Literature on the Incarcerated Transgender Population

Within CSC, Transgender offenders have endured many hardships to have their needs and rights met within the criminal justice system. For many years the Transgender population have been denied their humans right and have suffered a great deal. Because of this lack of rights, the incarcerated population face many challenges and barriers while residing both in the community and while incarcerated. Transgender offenders have a variety of additional mental health concerns stemming from substance abuse, discrimination, and victimization. As a result of these concerns, Transgender individuals find themselves turning to criminal behavioural to obtain many basic life necessities such as housing or money. Once incarcerated, this paper analyzes the transgender population experiences surrounding placement, accessing appropriate health care, and available treatments. Throughout this literature review, there will be comparisons illustrating the lack of policy around housing transgender inmates which builds the grounds for additional abuse. The lack of health care training offered to care providers results in inadequate care delivered to the transgender offenders. Finally, in combination with the poor healthcare, transgender offenders are often mandated to discontinue current hormone treatment. In addition to the discontinuation, transgender offenders are not provided with any resources or adequate treatment to begin the transition or even obtain assistance in managing the hardships of being a sexual minority in prison. There are major areas within CSC that need improvements and this literature review leads to recommendations on future policies and improvements to enhance the quality of life for those incarcerated Transgender individuals. Method: Inclusion criteria consisted of articles written after 2000 to ensure current perspective, have information pertaining to the transgender population, transgender within institutions, and staff working in the field of corrections, as well as having the articles available in full text form. Used resources were books and databases in a total of 38 articles, books, and websites used for this literature review. Materials include the interview questions for correctional staff, pens, computer, and access to the internet are essential. TRANSGENDER AND INCARCERATION iv