Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Now You See It, Now You Don't: A Large-scale Analysis of Early Domain Deletions

Domain names are a valuable resource on the web. Most domains are available to the public on a first-come, firstserve basis and once domains are purchased, the owners keep them for a period of at least one year before they may choose to renew them. Common wisdom suggests that even if a domain name stops being useful to its owner, the owner will merely wait until the domain organically expires and choose not to renew. In this paper, contrary to common wisdom, we report on the discovery that domain names are often deleted before their expiration date. This is concerning because this practice offers no advantage for legitimate users, while malicious actors deleting domains may hamper forensic analysis of malicious campaigns, and registrars deleting domains instead of suspending them enable re-registration and continued abuse. Specifically, we present the first systematic analysis of early domain name disappearances from the largest top-level domains (TLDs). We find more than 386,000 cases where domain names were deleted before expiring and we discover individuals with more than 1,000 domains deleted in a single day. Moreover, we identify the specific registrars that choose to delete domain names instead of suspending them. We compare lexical features of these domains, finding significant differences between domains that are deleted early, suspended, and organically expiring. Furthermore, we explore potential reasons for deletion finding over 7,000 domain names squatting more popular domains and more than 14,000 associated with malicious registrants.
TASK DIFFERENCES IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF ENGLISH CONSONANTS IN NOISE BY JAPANESE LISTENERS

Research has demonstrated the challenges that listeners face when they are presented with nonnative sounds in noise. The challenges have been observed in both lowand high-level perception. However, the relationship between the two types of processing remains unknown. The present paper reports the results of two experiments. Experiment 1 explored the identification of English consonants in intervocalic context, and Experiments 2 explored the identification of words, both in quiet and noisy conditions by native Japanese listeners. Consonants that Japanese listeners often have difficulty to perceive accurately (/l/ and /r/) are extracted and discussed. Results showed that 1) task differences did not have a significant effect on overall consonant identification, 2) task differences affected the identification of /l/ and /r/, and 3) predictability played an important role in word identification.
On Mapping the Interconnections in Today’s Internet

Internet interconnections are the means by which networks exchange traffic between one another. These interconnections are typically established in facilities that have known geographic locations, and are owned and operated by so-called colocation and interconnection services providers (e.g., Equinix, CoreSite, and EdgeConneX). These previously under-studied colocation facilities and the critical role they play in solving the notoriously difficult problem of obtaining a comprehensive view of the structure and evolution of the interconnections in today’s Internet are the focus of this paper. We present <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\tt {mi}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, a new approach for <underline>m</underline>apping <underline>I</underline>nternet <underline>i</underline>nterconnections inside a given colocation facility. <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>1</sup></xref> We infer the existence of interconnections from localized traceroutes and use the Belief Propagation algorithm on a specially defined Markov Random Field graphical model to geolocate them to a target colocation facility. We evaluate <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\tt {mi}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> by applying it initially to a small set of US-based colocation facilities. In the process, we compare our results against those obtained by two recently developed related techniques and discuss observed discrepancies that derive from how the different techniques determine the ownership of border routers. As part of our validation approach, we also identify drastic changes in today’s Internet interconnection ecosystem (e.g., new infrastructures in the form of “cloud exchanges” that offer new types of interconnections called “virtual private interconnections”), and discuss their wide-ranging implications for obtaining an accurate and comprehensive map of the Internet’s interconnection fabric. <fn id="fn1"><label><sup>1</sup></label><p>An open-source prototype of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\tt {mi}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is available at our project website located at <uri>https://onrg.gitlab. io/projects/mii</uri></p></fn>
Natural Resources and Global Capital Misallocation ∗

In this paper, we use an extended version of the neoclassical multi-country growth model to explore the efficiency in the allocation of physical capital across countries. In our framework, the observed marginal product of capital (MPK) can differ across countries because of two different factors: (a) differences in the countries’ production functions, specifically output shares of mobile factors; and (b) differences in the distortions (wedges) in the use of capital across countries. We use the model to evaluate the importance of these two factors in accounting for the cross-country dispersion in the implied MPKs over the last 35 years and assess how efficiently capital is and has been allocated. Our findings indicate that in the last two decades the world has decidedly moved in the direction of efficiency. Moreover, we find that a realignment of capital to countries with higher TFP and capital-output shares accounts for a large fraction of the gains in efficiency. However, we find that even today, distortions (factor b) are still quantitatively significant and that the global output gains would be significant if those distortions were eliminated. We also find a large degree of heterogeneity. For example, we find significant output loses for countries which heavily distort international trade and for countries with weak financial markets. Finally, despite those distortions, we argue that there is no evidence of “allocation puzzle,” as the international capital flows are directed to countries with higher MPK.
On the Feasibility of a Liberal Welfare State : Agency , Exit , and Income Security 12-1205

This paper investigates whether individuals might choose to join and remain members of a state in which high levels of social insurance are provided. That is to say, are there plausible circumstances in which a social welfare state can be regarded as "liberal" in the sense that it has the universal support of its citizens? The paper demonstrates that risk-averse individuals in a setting of substantial income or health uncertainty will voluntarily join private income-security clubs. However, the willingness of individuals to join private income-security clubs requires relatively efficient club management and low cost solutions to the problem of adverse selection. The paper demonstrates that individuals may opt for governmental provision of income security services, because national governments can more easily address the problem of adverse selection and therefore be low-cost providers of such insurance. These governmental income security programs will tend to have constitutional or quasi-constitutional status because of the nature of the services provided. JEL Categories: H4, D6, P5
Library value through user satisfaction: The case of academic libraries in Ghana

The study is an investigative survey of library users’ satisfaction of library services, resources, staff conduct and impact of the library on the academic achievements of users. Qualitative data was collected from College students, faculty and library staff of two academic libraries in Ghana using questionnaires and interview instruments. The survey established that library services, information resources and the physical library environment have value because users have shown high satisfaction of them. Material lending, photocopying, library space and staff conduct recorded higher level of satisfaction. It is however recommended that academic libraries in Ghana should be equipped with online resources, adequate and knowledgeable staff, and computer systems with high broadband. Also, libraries should endeavor to market library services and resources in order to demonstrate value among stakeholders. Key words: Library value, library impact, user satisfaction, Ghana, information resources, service quality, staff conduct.
LARVICIDAL EFFECTS OF LANTANA CAMARA ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACT ON ANOPHELES TESSELLATUS 1

Mosquitoes transmit thoughtful human diseases, causing millions of deaths every year and the development of resistance to chemical insecticides resultant in recovering vectorial capacity. Plants can alternative sources of mosquito control agents. The present study assessed the role of natural products of plant origin with insecticidal properties for control of insect vectors. The résistance to chemical insecticides among mosquito species have been considered as a setback in vector control. Botanical larvicides are including conspicuously as alternative to synthetic chemical insecticides which are less degradable and toxic to non-target organisms. The aim of this study was larvicidal effects of Lantana camara plant extract on Anopheles tessellatus. The larvicidal activity and phytochemical showing of ethanol extract of leaves of Lantana camara were investigated in the laboratory against third instar larvae of Anopheles tessellatus for 24 and 48 hours and Lantana camara extracted were prepared and four different concentrations. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the higher mortality for larvae. The highest (100%) mortality in the larvae occurred on treatment with 2000 ppm extract of L.camara. The maximum adult mortality was detected in the leaf extract (LC5
Correlation of Blood FoxP3+ Regulatory T Cells and Disease Activity of Atopic Dermatitis

Objectives To investigate CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) in the peripheral blood of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and its correlation with disease severity. Methods Blood samples from 79 AD patients before and after four-week conventional treatment were collected. Cell counts of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Tregs, CD4+CD25+FoxP3-T effector cells (Teffs), and CD4+IL-10+Tregs were analyzed by flow cytometry. Serum levels of IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IFN-γ, and TGF-β were measured by ELISA. Results The pretreatment cell count of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Tregs positively correlated with disease severity in all patients (P < 0.0001). However, when that correlation was rechecked based on the treatment response, a much stronger correlation of that was found in those patients with remission after treatment, while no correlation of that was found in patients without remission. Both the cell count and proportions of peripheral CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Tregs and CD4+CD25+FoxP3-Teffs reduced significantly after treatment in patients with remission, but remained unchanged in patients without remission. The cell count and proportion of CD4+IL-10+Tregs did not change after treatment in both groups. In patients with remission, serum levels of IL-4 and IL-13 significantly reduced (all P < 0.05); IL-12 and IFN-γ levels increased significantly (all P < 0.05); IL-10 and TGF-β levels remained unchanged after treatment. None of those cytokine levels changed in patients without remission. Conclusions CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Tregs is associated with AD development and severity in some patients but not in others. AD maybe divided into CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Treg-associated subtype, which CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Treg is parallel to the activity of AD, and nonassociated subtype, which CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Treg is not related. This subgroup difference may contribute partly to the nonidentical markers that have been found in AD and should be studied further.
Aalborg Universitet Finger Ring Phased Antenna Array for 5 G IoT and Sensor Networks at 28 GHz

In this paper, a circular phased antenna array has been constructed on the finger ring for the 28 GHz 5G communication systems. The antenna array has been verified in free space and with user’s hand phantom on three fingers by the simulations. It has been found that such antenna structure is resilient towards the user effects and has a stable coverage efficiency characteristics. The coverage efficiency of 80 % with the realized gain of 5 dBi has been observed when the ring simulated with the user’s hand. The correlation between high power loss density with antenna de-tuning has also been observed.
Determinants of Farmers’ Intention of Applying New Technology in Production: The Case of Vietgap Standard Adoption in Vietnam

The purpose of this paper is to identify the determinants of farmers’ intention of applying new technology with the case of VietGAP standard application in vegetable production in a developing country such as Vietnam. Using the survey data of agricultural workers in a framework of revised technology acceptance model, the analysis finds that farmers’ intention to apply or continue applying VietGAP is driven by factors such as mutual communication, awareness of benefits, environment, behavioral control, and governmental support based on authorities’ policies and risk awareness. Unlike other studies, this paper illustrates that awareness of the brand name related risk and producers’ health benefits have statistically significant impacts on farmers’ intentions.
Deep Learning Based Multi-Channel Speaker Recognition in Noisy and Reverberant Environments

Despite successful applications of multi-channel signal processing in robust automatic speech recognition (ASR), relatively little research has been conducted on the effectiveness of such techniques in the robust speaker recognition domain. This paper introduces time-frequency (T-F) maskingbased beamforming to address text-independent speaker recognition in conditions where strong diffuse noise and reverberation are both present. We examine various masking-based beamformers, such as parameterized multi-channel Wiener filter, generalized eigenvalue (GEV) beamformer and minimum variance distortion-less response (MVDR) beamformer, and evaluate their performance in terms of speaker recognition accuracy for i-vector and x-vector based systems. In addition, we present a different formulation for estimating steering vectors from speech covariance matrices. We show that rank-1 approximation of a speech covariance matrix based on generalized eigenvalue decomposition leads to the best results for the masking-based MVDR beamformer. Experiments on the recently introduced NIST SRE 2010 retransmitted corpus show that the MVDR beamformer with rank-1 approximation provides an absolute reduction of 5.55% in equal error rate compared to a standard masking-based MVDR beamformer.
LINKED RESPONSE OF AEROSOL ACIDITY AND AMMONIA TO SO 2 AND NOX EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES : A FOCUS ON THE SOUTHEAST

Although this document was produced with partial funding by the United States Environmental Protection Agency under Assistance Award CR–83467701 to the Health Effects Institute, it has not been subjected to the Agency’s peer and administrative review and therefore may not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement by it should be inferred. The contents of this document also have not been reviewed by private party institutions, including those that support the Health Effects Institute; therefore, it may not reflect the views or policies of these parties, and no endorsement by them should be inferred.
Quality of life in Turkish patients with autoimmune blistering diseases: Reliability and validity of the autoimmune bullous disease quality of life and the treatment of autoimmune bullous disease quality of life questionnaires

Background: The Autoimmune Bullous Disease Quality of Life (ABQOL) and the Treatment of Autoimmune Bullous Disease Quality of Life (TABQOL) questionnaires, which are specific for autoimmune blistering diseases (AIBDs), were developed in Australia. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to validate the Turkish version of the ABQOL and TABQOL questionnaires and to assess the reliability of them in the Turkish population. Materials and Methods: The Turkish versions of the ABQOL and TABQOL questionnaires were produced by forward–backward translation of the original English version. The patients were requested to complete ABQOL and TABQOL questionnaires on day 0 and after 7 days for a 2nd time sent by post. Furthermore, patients also completed other health-related quality of life scales on day 0. Results: A total of 68 patients with AIBDs were recruited. A subset of 20 (29.4%) patients completed the day 7 questionnaire. Both the Turkish versions of the ABQOL and TABQOL questionnaires had a high internal consistency (0.86 and 0.88, respectively) and test–retest reliability (0.87 and 0.87, respectively). The correlation between ABQOL and TABQOL scores was moderate (Pearson's R = 0.609). Conclusion: We have shown that the Turkish versions of ABQOL and TABQOL questionnaires are valid and reliable instruments. They can be used to measure treatment burden in Turkish AIBD patients.
Assessment of awareness among diabetic patients of their risk for oral disease as complication associated with diabetics at Patliputra Medical College And Hospital, Dhanbad

Aim: To assess the awareness of diabetic patients of their risk for oral disease as a complication associated with diabetics. Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to defective secretion or activity of insulin. Type II diabetes is a common disorder with concomitant oral manifestation that impacts dental care. Evidence shows that many patients are unaware of the effects of diabetes mellitus on oral health. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among adult dental patients attending a tertiary care hospital of Bengaluru city. A total of 172 patients were included in the study. Results: Of 172 patients, 120 (69.7%) were male and 52 (30.3%) were female. Among 172 patients, 87 (50%) were aware that diabetes is more prone to oral diseases. Ninety-one (52%) of the study participants did not know that diabetes affects gingiva. Ninety-one (52%) of individuals knew that diabetes causes delay in wound healing. Eighty-one percent of the participants self-rated their mouth as good. Conclusion: Diabetic patients are less aware of their risk for dental diseases. Thus, it is necessary for dental professionals and related government agencies to promote awareness of the relationship between diabetes mellitus and oral health to prevent harmful complications on oral health.
Postoperative evaluation, after surgical removal of mandibular third molar, with and without local administration of injection dexamethasone 8 mg: A comparative study

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the relative ability of 8 mg dose of intraoperative dexamethasone, to reduce the postoperative discomfort after third molar surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of sixty patients required surgical removal of a single mandibular third molar. Two operators concluded the study on sixty patients with an impacted third molar, with each operator having thirty patients, of which 15 were administered injection dexamethasone 8 mg at the site of surgery 30 min prior to the surgical removal of the impacted tooth. The maximum interincisal distance and facial contours were measured at baseline and at postsurgery days 1 and 7 to check edema. Results: None of the patients developed wound infection or any serious postoperative complications. It was observed that the patients with intravenous steroids had very minimal postoperative swelling (within Grade 1) compared to the Sample B (Grades 2 and 3), but the bleeding and postoperative pain after 24 h were slightly more compared to the Sample B, wound healing was much delayed and suture removal on the 12th day. Conclusion: Dexamethasone (8 mg) is effective in reducing postoperative discomfort after third molar surgeries.
Association between chronic periodontitis and oral health–related quality of life in Indian adults

Aims and Objectives: To assess the marked effect of periodontal conditions on oral health–related quality of life in the population of India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 450 participants, with specific age group 30–60 years, residing in the Gurugram District, Haryana, through various camps conducted by the Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram, both in rural and urban areas. The data collection included a combination of clinical examination for the assessment of oral health status and questionnaire administration. Two pretested questionnaires and significant oral findings were the sources of data collection. Age and gender were calculated with correlation quality of life as P > 0.05. Prevalence of oral impacts with severity of periodontitis was analyzed using chi-square test and analysis of variance. Results: The severity of periodontal disease has a direct effect on oral health–related quality of life. Oral impact prevalence was found to be 59% and 81% in participants with moderate periodontitis and/or severe periodontitis, respectively. The extent and severity were also found to be proportional to the severity of periodontitis. Conclusion: Oral health–related quality of life worsens with the extension in severity of chronic periodontitis.
From Schizophrenia Genetics to Disease Biology: Harnessing New Concepts and Technologies

Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe mental disorder afflicting around 1% of the population. It is highly heritable but with complex genetics. Recent research has unraveled a plethora of risk loci for SZ. Accordingly, our conceptual understanding of SZ genetics has been rapidly evolving, from oligogenic models towards polygenic or even omnigenic models. A pressing challenge to the field, however, is the translation of the many genetic findings of SZ into disease biology insights leading to more effective treatments. Bridging this gap requires the integration of genetic findings and functional genomics using appropriate cellular models. Harnessing new technologies, such as the development of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) and the CRISPR/Cas-based genome/epigenome editing approach are expected to change our understanding of SZ disease biology to a fundamentally higher level. Here, we discuss some new developments.
Reasons for permanent teeth extraction in the United Arab Emirates

Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to investigate the primary reasons for extraction of permanent teeth and to assess its correlation with gender, age, and tooth type among patients treated in the two main dental colleges in United Arab Emirates (UAE). Materials and Methods: The study was conducted over 3 months; it consisted of 618 patients, aged 12–70 years, who underwent tooth extraction. There were 473 (70.7%) male and 181 (29.3%) female patients. Data retrieved were entered into excel database and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 21. Results: A total of 979 teeth were extracted from 618 patients. Caries was the main reason for tooth loss (81.5%), whereas periodontal diseases and orthodontics reasons were responsible for 10% and 4.7% of extractions, respectively. The highest rates (94.5%) of extraction occur among those aged 31–40 years. A significant association was present between gender and the number of teeth extracted. Conclusion: The findings of this study identified dental caries as the main reason for tooth extraction among the studied population in UAE.