Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social networks and unemployment exit in Great Britain

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect employed friends have on the probability of exiting unemployment of an unemployed worker according to his/her educational (skill) level. Design/methodology/approach In common with studies on unemployment duration, this paper uses a discrete-time hazard model. Findings The paper finds that the conditional probability of finding work is between 24 and 34 per cent higher per period for each additional employed friend for job seekers with intermediate skills. Social implications These results are of interest since they suggest that the reach of national employment agencies could extend beyond individuals in direct contact with first-line employment support bureaus. Originality/value Because of the lack of appropriate longitudinal information, the majority of empirical studies in the area assess the influence of social networks on employment status using proxy measures of social interactions. The current study contributes to the very limited empirical literature of the influence of social networks on job attainment using direct measures of social structures.
Frequency Recognition in SSVEP-Based BCI using Multiset Canonical Correlation Analysis

Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) has been one of the most popular methods for frequency recognition in steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Despite its efficiency, a potential problem is that using pre-constructed sine-cosine waves as the required reference signals in the CCA method often does not result in the optimal recognition accuracy due to their lack of features from the real electro-encephalo-gram (EEG) data. To address this problem, this study proposes a novel method based on multiset canonical correlation analysis (MsetCCA) to optimize the reference signals used in the CCA method for SSVEP frequency recognition. The MsetCCA method learns multiple linear transforms that implement joint spatial filtering to maximize the overall correlation among canonical variates, and hence extracts SSVEP common features from multiple sets of EEG data recorded at the same stimulus frequency. The optimized reference signals are formed by combination of the common features and completely based on training data. Experimental study with EEG data from 10 healthy subjects demonstrates that the MsetCCA method improves the recognition accuracy of SSVEP frequency in comparison with the CCA method and other two competing methods (multiway CCA (MwayCCA) and phase constrained CCA (PCCA)), especially for a small number of channels and a short time window length. The superiority indicates that the proposed MsetCCA method is a new promising candidate for frequency recognition in SSVEP-based BCIs.
Differential impact of treadmill training on stroke-induced neurological disorders

ABSTRACT Objective: Physical exercise contributes to improving stability against nerve injury caused by ischaemic stroke. Here we aimed to preliminarily investigate the effects of continuous endurance training (CET) and high-intensity interval training (HIT) on stroke-associated anxiety, locomotion, neurological assessments and P70S6 Kinase (P70S6K) activation as well. To do this, rats were trained according to HIT and CET protocols for 2 months prior to being subject to middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery. Methods: Twenty-four hours later behavioural examination was performed by elevated plus maze (EPM) testing, open field and neurological scoring followed by cortical and hippocampal P70S6Ks immunoblotting. Results: According to the obtained data pre-ischaemic HIT and CET similarly improved neurological performance, anxiety levels and locomotion in EPM and open field tests following ischaemic stroke while there was a remarkable rise in hippocampal and cortical P70S6K activation in the HIT group compared to the CET counterparts. Conclusion: Behavioral and molecular data suggest that interval training is more beneficial rather than CET, but the distinct mechanisms of CET and HIT on memory are still topics to be discovered.
Postpartum follow-up for women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

We sought to determine the frequency of postpartum follow-up for women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. A retrospective cohort study of women with gestational diabetes mellitus from 2002 to 2008 ( N = 745) at an academic center was conducted. The primary outcome was either fasting blood glucose or 2-hour oral glucose tolerance, both measured at ≤6 months postpartum. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used for statistical comparisons, and statistical significance was indicated by P < 0.05 and 95% confidence intervals. The frequency of follow-up for the study cohort was 33.7%. Of these women, 28.3% had values consistent with impaired glucose tolerance and 2.0% were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Asian women were the most likely to follow up (43%), and Latinas had the lowest follow-up frequency (18%; P < 0.001). Compared with their counterparts, women ≥35 years old, nulliparas, and women with GDM subtype A2 were more likely to return for postpartum glucose testing (odds ratio [OR] = 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2 to 2.5; OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.7; OR = 2.28, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.6, respectively). The frequency of postpartum follow-up for women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus is exceedingly low. More effective strategies are needed to increase the postpartum and longitudinal follow-up for all women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Evaluation of the effect of aromatherapy with Rosa damascena Mill. on postoperative pain intensity in hospitalized children in selected hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2013: A randomized clinical trial

Background: Pain is the common complication after a surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aromatherapy with Rosa damascena Mill. on the postoperative pain in children. Materials and Methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, we selected 64 children of 3–6 years of age through convenient sampling and divided them randomly into two groups. Patients in group A were given inhalation aromatherapy with R. damascena Mill. , and in group B, the patients were given almond oil as a placebo. Inhalation aromatherapy was used at the first time of subjects’ arrival to the ward and then at 3, 6, 9, and 12 h afterward. Common palliative treatments to relieve pain were used in both groups. Thirty minutes after aromatherapy, the postoperative pain in children was evaluated with the Toddler Preschooler Postoperative Pain Scale (TPPPS). Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There was no significant difference in pain scores at the first time of subjects’ arrival to the ward (before receiving any aromatherapy or palliative care) between the two groups. After each time of aromatherapy and at the end of treatment, the pain score was significantly reduced in the aromatherapy group with R. damascena Mill. compared to the placebo group. Conclusions: According to our results, aromatherapy with R. damascena Mill. can be used in postoperative pain in children, together with other common treatments without any significant side effects.
Effect of spinal microinjections of an antagonist to substance P or somatostatin on the exercise pressor reflex.

The purpose of this study was to determine the heart rate and arterial blood pressure changes to isometric skeletal muscle contraction and muscle stretch before and after microinjecting an antagonist to substance P (SP) or somatostatin (SOM) into the L-7 dorsal horn region of the spinal cord of anesthetized cats. Anesthesia was induced by administering an anesthetic gas mixture and was subsequently maintained with alpha-chloralose. Triceps surae contraction was induced by electrically stimulating the L-7 ventral root. Three muscle manipulations (all 1 minute in duration) were performed: 1) continuous tetanic contraction, 2) intermittent tetanic contractions (1 second of contraction, 1 second of relaxation), and 3) passive muscle stretch. Saline microinjections had no effect on the cardiovascular responses to these muscle manipulations. However, both peptide antagonists blunted the pressor response to a continuous tetanic contraction as mean arterial pressure increased 47 +/- 4 and 44 +/- 4 mm Hg before and 28 +/- 3 and 28 +/- 4 mm Hg after microinjecting the SP or SOM antagonist, respectively. In contrast, neither antagonist influenced the increase in mean arterial pressure produced by passive stretch; values were 43 +/- 6 versus 41 +/- 6 mm Hg (SP antagonist) and 39 +/- 7 versus 42 +/- 7 mm Hg (SOM antagonist) before and after injections, respectively. Microinjecting the SOM antagonist attenuated the pressor response to intermittent tetanic contractions (44 +/- 4 mm Hg before SOM antagonist versus 26 +/- 4 mm Hg after SOM antagonist), whereas the SP antagonist had no effect (35 +/- 3 mm Hg before SP antagonist versus 32 +/- 4 mm Hg after SP antagonist). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Division or Union of Labor? Analyzing Workers’ Representation in the Argentine Congress

Abstract Does social background affect legislators’ behavior in office? Do individuals with specific social ties tend to be mainly concerned with representing their group of reference, beyond partisanship? This article deals with these questions by analyzing bill-drafting patterns by representatives in the Argentine Congress who belong to an understudied group: workers. The wide presence of a broad, populist party (Peronism) that historically incorporated organized labor, along with other groups, provides consistent variation for empirical assessment. Evidence demonstrates that only labor-based representatives in general, regardless of party membership, tend to use legislative resources to target workers, while every other member of the populist party does not consider labor issues at all in their legislative tasks. Such findings open new directions for analysis of representation, legislative performance, and strategies developed by dissimilar groups in broad political organizations.
All Spin Artificial Neural Networks Based on Compound Spintronic Synapse and Neuron

Artificial synaptic devices implemented by emerging post-CMOS non-volatile memory technologies such as Resistive RAM (RRAM) have made great progress recently. However, it is still a big challenge to fabricate stable and controllable multilevel RRAM. Benefitting from the control of electron spin instead of electron charge, spintronic devices, e.g., magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) as a binary device, have been explored for neuromorphic computing with low power dissipation. In this paper, a compound spintronic device consisting of multiple vertically stacked MTJs is proposed to jointly behave as a synaptic device, termed as compound spintronic synapse (CSS). Based on our theoretical and experimental work, it has been demonstrated that the proposed compound spintronic device can achieve designable and stable multiple resistance states by interfacial and materials engineering of its components. Additionally, a compound spintronic neuron (CSN) circuit based on the proposed compound spintronic device is presented, enabling a multi-step transfer function. Then, an All Spin Artificial Neural Network (ASANN) is constructed with the CSS and CSN circuit. By conducting system-level simulations on the MNIST database for handwritten digital recognition, the performance of such ASANN has been investigated. Moreover, the impact of the resolution of both the CSS and CSN and device variation on the system performance are discussed in this work.
The Role of Footwear in the Prevention of Foot Lesions in Patients With NIDDM: Conventional wisdom or evidence-based practice?

OBJECTIVE To conduct a prospective evaluation of footwear characteristics as predictors of diabetic foot wounds. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 352 patients with NIDDM enrolled in a randomized controlled trial aimed at preventing diabetic foot lesions in an academic general medicine practice were studied. Foot wounds (n = 63) were modeled univariately and multivariably using generalized estimating equations. The dependent variable was a wound classified as a 1.2 or greater according to the Seattle Wound Classification System, indicating at least a superficial or healing minor lesion with no functional interruption of the protective cutaneous barrier. Independent variables included detailed measures of style and material of patients' indoor and outdoor shoes, appropriate length and width, sock fibers, whether the patient had bought new shoes in the past 6 months, and if the patient had been recommended for special shoes. Modeling controlled for intervention status and physiological measures (baseline wound, monofilament abnormalities, and serum HDL level). RESULTS Initial screening (P < 0.20) suggested that a recommendation for special shoes, shoe length, and shoe width were indicative of wounds at follow-up (odds ratios [ORs] 2.19, 1.84, 1.86, respectively), while having bought shoes in the past 6 months was associated with no wound at follow-up (OR 0.60). The final multivariable model included only the recommendation for special shoes (OR 2.19; 95% CI 1.07–4.49). CONCLUSIONS Many variables commonly cited as protective measures in footwear for diabetic patients were not prospectively predictive when controlling for physiological risk factors. Rigorous analyses are needed to examine the many assumptions regarding footwear recommendations for diabetic patients.
Hybrid Equity-Credit Modelling

We propose a study of the pitfalls of the market widely used Poisson Default model in the Equity-Credit Hybrid land and show that a slight modification of the Constant Elasticity of Variance (CEV) model can, in addition to its well-known properties, capture the default event probability. Because of a need for more freedom between the volatility level, the skewness and the risk of default, we exhibit extensions of the CEV model adding stochasticity in the volatility.
Understanding the gender gap among turn-of-the-century Swedish compositors.

Women have always earned less than men, with men’s greater physical strength explaining a large portion of the difference. This raises the question of why the gender gap did not disappear when the importance of physical strength waned with the emergence of the modern labor market. This paper explores the wage gap among Swedish compositors, an occupation featuring the main traits of modernity, circa 1900. We exploit matched employer-employee data with national coverage, and examine information on men and women holding the same jobs. On average, women’s hourly wage was about 70 percent of men’s. Individual characteristics explain much, but not all, of this gender gap. To explain the remainder of the gap, we examine training and differences across firms. Our findings suggest that women received less training than men, and accounting for differences across firms explains the gender gap. We also find differences across firms by size and location. Smaller firms outside the major cities treated men and women fairly, but large firms in big cities did not offer women the same opportunities as men, creating a gender wage gap. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that firms which set up internal labor markets treated men and women differently.
Hospital outcome of Children with Acute Kidney Injury in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), formerly known as Acute Renal Failure, is characterized by a reversible increase in creatinine and nitrogenous waste product concentrations in the blood, as well as the kidney's failure to maintain proper fluid and electrolyte balance. Whether the etiology of AKI varies by area, the incidence of AKI in children appears to be increasing. The etiology of AKI in hospitalized children has shifted from primary renal disease to various causes during the last several decades, particularly in hospitalized children. As a result, further study is needed to determine the most recent trends in AKI in this region. Because it is still connected with significance. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to observe the hospital outcome of hospitalized acute kidney injury children. Methods: This prospective longitudinal study was performed in the Department of Pediatrics, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, during the period of 12 months from January 2015 to December 2015. A total of 50 children were selected from the ones admitted into the hospital following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A detailed history was taken, thorough physical examination and relevant laboratory investigations were done in all enrolled patients. All underwent necessary supportive care as needed until discharge or death (p<0.01). Result: The mean age of the children was 2.8 ± 1.9 years, with the youngest one being 4 days and the oldest, 12.5 years. Male: female ratio was 1.8:1. Children in the age group of 1-5 years were most commonly affected. Pre-renal cause was the most common cause of acute kidney injury, present in 64% of the cases. 62% had complete recovery by hospital discharge, and 22% died. The most common cause of death was multi-organ failure and was statistically significant (p<0.01). At 6-month follow up, 4 patients had chronic kidney disease and 2 patients died. Conclusion: It was observed that, AKI was more common in early childhood .
Analytical framework of string stability of connected and autonomous platoons with electronic throttle angle feedback

ABSTRACT Understanding the string stability of connected and autonomous (CA) vehicles is important for evaluating dynamics of regular-CA mixed vehicular flow. Although previous studies proposed CA car-following models and analysed the stability of the model itself, they do not focus on the stability of the regular-CA mixed flow. Additionally, stability analysis methods for traditional car-truck mixed flow cannot be directly applied into CA traffic systems, where the CA vehicle monitors multiple preceding vehicles in the platoon. This study presents a framework that analytically derives the generalized string stability criterion of regular-CA platoons. Moreover, an example is conducted to validate the availability of this analytical framework by using concrete car-following models. Simulation based approaches are also utilized for fully capturing car-following dynamics of vehicular flow. This contribution is helpful for guiding analytical investigation of string stability of regular-CA mixed vehicular flow, thereby giving suggestions for CA design for obtaining optimal stability situation.
Survival analysis of patients with advanced-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma according to the Epstein-Barr virus status

Purpose The main aim of this study is to analyze the prognostic differences in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients who are positive and negative for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Results Of the 1106 patients, 248 (22.4%) had undetectable pre-treatment plasma EBV DNA levels. The total distant metastasis rate for EBV-negative group vs. EBV-positive group were 3.6% (9/248) vs. 15.0% (128/858) (P < 0.001). The estimated 4-year disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and locoregional relapse-free survival (LRRFS) for EBV-negative group vs. EBV-positive group were 88.9% vs. 76.9% (P < 0.001), 93.6% vs. 85.9% (P = 0.001), 96.7% vs. 84.8% (P < 0.001) and 94.1% vs. 90.0% (P = 0.1), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the EBV status was an independent prognostic factor for DFS (HR, 1.813; 95% CI, 1.219-2.695; P = 0.003), OS (HR, 1.828; 95% CI, 1.075-3.107; P = 0.026) and DMFS (HR, 3.678; 95% CI, 1.859-7.277; P <0.001), and overall stage still remained the most important prognostic factor in patients with stage III-IVB NPC. Methods and Materials Data on 1106 patients with non-metastatic, histologically proven advanced-stage (III-IVB) NPC who underwent intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) were retrospectively reviewed. Patient survival between different EBV status groups were compared. Conclusions EBV status was an independent prognostic factor for patients with stage III–IVB NPC. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) should be better treatment regimen for EBV-positive patients since distant metastasis was the main failure pattern, and CCRT may be enough for EBV-negative patients.
Diagnostic performance of pressure drop coefficient in relation to fractional flow reserve and coronary flow reserve.

OBJECTIVES AND BACKGROUND Functional assessment of coronary lesion severity during cardiac catheterization is conducted using diagnostic parameters like fractional flow reserve (FFR; pressure derived) and coronary flow reserve (CFR; flow derived). However, the complex hemodynamics of stenosis might not be sufficiently explained by either pressure or flow alone, particularly in the case of intermediate stenosis. CDP (ratio of pressure drop across a stenosis to distal dynamic pressure), a non-dimensional index derived from fundamental fluid dynamic principles based on a combination of intracoronary pressure and flow, may improve the functional assessment of coronary lesion severity. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of seven studies, retrieved from MEDLINE and PubMed, comparing the results of FFR and CFR of the same lesions. Two studies reported functional measurements (pressure and flow) obtained in individual patients. Five studies reported two-dimensional plots of FFR vs. CFR. The FFR and CFR data were digitized and corresponding functional measurements were extracted using the reported mean values of hemodynamic data from each of the five studies. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify the optimal cut-off point of CDP, which corresponds to the clinically used cut-off values (FFR = 0.80, FFR = 0.75, and CFR = 2.0). RESULTS CDP correlated significantly with FFR (r = 0.78; P<.001) and had significant diagnostic efficiency (area under the ROC curve = 89%), specificity (83% and 85%), and sensitivity (81% and 76%) at FFR <0.8 and FFR <0.75, respectively. The corresponding cut-off value for CDP to detect FFR <0.80 and FFR <0.75 was at CDP >27.1 and CDP >27.9, respectively. CONCLUSIONS CDP, a functional parameter based on both intracoronary pressure and flow measurements, has close agreement (area under the ROC curve = 89%) with FFR, the most frequently used method for evaluation of coronary stenosis severity.