Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Manual Pressure on the Injection Site on Vaccination Pain Among Infants: A Two-Group Clinical Trial

Background: Vaccination is the main cause of iatrogenic pain, stress, and anxiety for children and parents. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effects of manual pressure on vaccination pain among infants. Methods: This two-group clinical trial was conducted on 60 infants, four months old, conveniently recruited from a primary healthcare center in Birjand, Iran. The participants were randomly allocated to the control and intervention groups by block randomization. In the intervention group, the participants were provided with manual pressure applied using the thumb on the injection site for ten seconds immediately before vaccination until the injection. The participants in the control group did not receive any pre-vaccination manual pressure. Vaccination pain intensity and post-vaccination crying length were assessed using the face, legs, activity, cry, and consolability (FLACC) scale and a digital stopwatch, respectively. The chi-square, independent-sample t-test, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for data analysis at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean of pain intensity in the intervention group was significantly less than the control group (P = 0.012), while no significant difference was found between the groups respecting the length of crying (P = 0.61). Conclusions: Manual pressure on the injection site is effective in significantly alleviating vaccination pain among infants. Further studies are still needed to produce firm evidence in this area.
Determination of self-efficacy levels of diabetic individuals

This study was conducted as descriptive with an aim to determine the self-efficacy levels of diabetic individuals. The study was conducted with the participation of 248 patients receiving inpatient treatment in a university hospital between July 20, 2017, and February 15, 2018. Data were collected using a 28-item questionnaire and Type 2 Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale. In the evaluation of the data, descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance, T-test, Tukey HSD test, Levine test, Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U test were used. It was found that 77% of the patients had a chronic disease, 49.2% used oral anti-diabetes, 33.5% insulin and 15.7% used both oral anti-diabetes and insulin. The median score of the Type 2 Diabetes Self-Efficacy was determined as 70.00 (21–100). In this study, it is recommended to conduct training to increase the self-efficacy levels of diabetic patients. Keywords: Diabetes, self-efficiency, behaviour, knowledge.
Importance of Hpv Positivity in Squamous Cell Head and Neck Cancer

The last three decades provided new insights into the discovery of the entity related to several strains of human papillomavirus (HPV). The viral cause of HPV, primarily found in the oropharynx, was officially recognized by the World Health Organization in 2007. While epidemiologic studies around the world showed an increased incidence of HPV-related heads and neck cancers (HNC), they also established a photo robot of a typical person suffering from HPV: younger white man, suffering from a nonkeratinized type of squamous cell carcinoma, rarely being seen as heavy smoker and/or drinker. The patient with specific sexual behavior pattern usually carried low T and high N burden, HPV16 being detected in the vast majority of HPV+ tumors, mostly in the oropharynx. It was also recognized that HPV-related cancers seem to have a better prognosis than their HPV-unrelated counterparts. This observation served as an important starting point for clinical studies aiming first to identify different risk groups and then to design various de-intensification treatment strategies which aimed to maintain high success rate with e.g. lower radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy doses while decreasing side effects such deintensified treatment strategies should bring. This review summarizes the most important aspects of HPV-related HNC.
Clinical Manifestation of Hereditary Hemochromatosis and Prevalence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Swiss Hemochromatosis Cohort

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is the most common identified genetic disease in Europe, occurring with a prevalence of roughly one in 200 individuals (1-4). Through the advances in diagnosis and the deeper insight into the genetic background, the clinical manifestation of HH has shifted to a milder picture over the last decades (5-8). However, HH still carries an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (9-12). Our study aims to provide current data on the clinical manifestation of HH among patients with clinically documented iron overload. By presenting a more accurate picture of HH, we support the early diagnosis of the disease to prevent life-threatening complications. We analyzed the prevalence of HCC in our cohort. Additionally, we tried to identify risk factors for HCC with the goal of effective screening measures in mind. From an established database of HH patients, patient charts were analyzed for the clinical presentation at the time of diagnosis of HH. Information on current health status and liver imaging was gathered to determine the prevalence of HCC. Univariate comparison and multiple logistic regression were used to asses risk factors associated with the development of HCC. In our cohort, 29% of all patients presented without signs or symptoms of secondary organ damage at the time of diagnosis of HH. The most frequent clinical abnormalities were arthropathy of the metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP joints) and elevated liver enzymes. The overall prevalence of HCC in our cohort was 9%. Factors associated with the development of HCC among patients with high iron overload (serum ferritin >1000μg/l) on univariate analysis were age at diagnosis of HH, body mass index, serum ferritin levels and liver fibrosis. On multiple logistic regression, only age at diagnosis of HH showed a significant association with HCC. In conclusion, three main findings result from our study: (1) Arthropathy of the MCP joints and elevated liver enzymes are the most frequent and relatively early signs of HH. Their presence should prompt further investigation. (2) HCC is still an important complication of HH. (3) Besides liver cirrhosis and the degree of iron overload, two well established risk factors for the development of HCC (10,13), age at diagnosis of HH seems to be an important risk factor, especially among patients with high iron overload.
Decreased number of days of fever detection and duration of fever with continuous intake of a fermented milk drink: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of elderly nursing home residents

We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel study to investigate the effects of a fermented milk on elderly nursing home residents. Eighty-eight participants each drank one bottle of fermented milk containing Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota, or a placebo, on a daily basis for 6 months in winter. Peripheral blood, saliva, fecal samples, and clinical data were analyzed to assess the milk’s efficacy. Fermented milk consumption was associated with a significant decrease in the number of days on which fever was detected and the mean duration of fever compared with these values in the placebo group. No significant differences were observed in other biological parameters. Continuous intake of this fermented milk could be beneficial for the elderly in terms of suppressing the number of days of detection of fever and the duration of fever, which usually increase in winter.
Prevalence of Anemia and Risk Factors Among Pregnant Mothers Attending Antenatal Care at Jimma University Specialized Hospital, South-West Ethiopia

Background: Anemia is one of the most frequently observed nutritional deficiency diseases in the world today . It is especially prevalent in the women of reproductive age , particularly during pregnancy when it is contributing for maternal death. The diagnosis is made by clinical examination and investigation for hemoglobin or Hematocrite level . Depending on the hemoglobin level, anemia categorized as moderate and severe which is important for management. Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic at Jimma University Specialized Hospital from February to June, 2018 Methods: institutional based cross-sectional study was employed to assess the presence of anemia in all pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic of Jimma University Specialized Hospital. Finally collected data was analyzed by using SPSS. Depending on the clinical manifestation, assessing associated factors, laboratory determination of hemoglobin level and stool examination, the result were summarized by using tables and chi-square. Results : A total of 207 mothers were seen during the study period with 100% response rate Among the study population65(31.4%) had anemia with a mean hemoglobin level of 11.4gm/dl and 9.6gm/dl for the total and anemic mothers respectively Regarding age 105(50.7%) of the study population were in the age group of 18-25 ,88(42.5%) were in the age group of 26-35 and 7(3.4%) of the study population were in the age group of 35 years. 124 (59.9%) of the study population were living in urban,40.6% of the of the study population had attended secondary school and above. Anemia had a significant association (P<0.05) with hook worm infestation, chronic illness, parity and age of pregnant mothers. Conclusion : the result of this study showed that the occurrence of anemia in pregnancy has been present in large population of pregnant women. The rate of anemia being higher among grand multiparas, in third trimester of pregnancy and age more than 35 years and in mothers who had chronic illnesses. Key words: Anemia, pregnant, ANC, JUSH DOI : 10.7176/JHMN/65-04 Publication date : August 31 st 2019
The effects of two weeks self-regulated high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise enjoyment, and intentions to repeat

This study investigated the effect of low-volume self-regulated high-intensity interval training (SR-HIIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), exercise enjoyment, and intentions to repeat. Ten untrained, physically active adults (five males and five females, age: 20.3 ± 0.5 years) undertook a 2-week control period followed by 2-weeks SR-HIIT (6 x 10 min cycle ergometer sessions). Sessions involved alternate bouts at a rating of perceived exertion of 17 (work) and 11 (recovery), with bout durations self-regulated by the participant. Maximal aerobic capacity showed a small increase from post-control (3.14 ± 1.03 L.min -1 ) to post-training (3.45 ± 1.14 L.min -1 ; 𝑋̅ diff 0.31, 95%CI 0.06 L.min -1 , d = 0.28, 95%CL 0.11, 0.45). First ventilatory threshold showed a large increase from post-control (65.6 ± 2.1% V ̇ O 2max ) to post-training (68.0 ± 2.4% V ̇ O 2max ; 𝑋̅ diff 2.4, 95%CI 1.2%, d = 0.96, 95%CL 0.27, 1.62). Post-exercise enjoyment showed small ( 𝑋̅ diff 3.5, 95%CI 8.1 AU, d = 0.31) and medium ( 𝑋̅ diff 6.9, 95%CI 6.7 AU, d = 0.68) increases from SR-HIIT session 1-3 and 3-6, respectively. There were trivial to medium increases in intention to repeat SR-HIIT once per week ( d = 0.06 to 0.63) and three times per week ( d = 0.28 to 0.60). Low-volume SR-HIIT elicits meaningful improvements in CRF, is enjoyable, and facilitates good intentions to repeat, and may be an additional option for implementing HIIT to improve general population health and fitness. This study investigated the effect of two-weeks SR-HIIT on CRF, exercise enjoyment, and intention to repeat in physically active individuals. We hypothesised that SR-HIIT would elicit meaningful improvements in CRF compared with baseline, and that participants would report positive enjoyment and intention to repeat SR-HIIT.
Clinical Characteristics of Walnut Allergy and Evaluation of Cross-Reactivity between Walnut and Peanut in Children Under 4 Years of Age

Purpose: Walnut (WN) allergy in young children has rarely been reported in Asia. This study focused on the clinical characteristics of WN allergy, co-sensitization, and cross-reactivity between WN and peanut (PN) in young Korean children. Methods: This study was based on a data analysis of 22 patients, all under the age of 4 years, who were diagnosed with allergic disease at Ajou University Hospital from January 2009 to December 2010. They were suspected to have a WN allergy or needed a screening examination to exclude food allergy. Sera from all children were analyzed for PN-, WN-, and pine nut-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) (ImmunoCAP). Clinical details, feeding, and familial history of patients were collected by medical history. Additionally, we produced WN, PN, and pine nut extracts, and sera were tested with an enzyme linked immunosorbentassay inhibition test. Results: The subjects were 16 male and 6 female with a median aged of 24 months. Ten of 22 had a definite history of WN exposure. Among them, two (4.28 kU/L, 11.1 kU/L) were diagnosed with anaphylaxis, four (7.34 to 27.4 kU/L) were diagnosed with angioedema, and four (1.35 to 3.17 kU/L) were diagnosed with urticaria. We confirmed that PN in the IgE-ELISA was profoundly inhibited by the WN extract. Conclusion: This study identified multiple cases of WN allergy in young children in Korea, indicating that it is not rare. Co-sensitization and clinical adverse reactions between PN and WN suggests that more investigations are needed to conclude cross-reactivity between PN and WN. (Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis(Korea) 2011;21:261-268)
Dieta mediterránea y enfermedad cardiovascular: resultados del estudio piloto del proyecto SUN

Fundamento: La dieta mediterránea ha sido propuesta como modelo de patrón dietético para la prevención de la cardiopatía isquémica. El proyecto SUN ("Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra") es un estudio epidemiológico prospectivo de cohortes, que se inició en el año 2000 y que va dirigido a identificar determinantes dietéticos y no dietéticos implicados en estas enfermedades. La viabilidad del proyecto, se comprobó con un estudio piloto en dos fases. Métodos: La primera fase del estudio piloto contó con la participación de voluntarios en los que se valoraron las exposiciones dietéticas y no dietéticas mediante un cuestionario autoadministrado y por entrevista personal. Para la segunda fase, se seleccionó una muestra aleatoria de 600 graduados y se les envió el cuestionario por correo. Para estimar la variabilidad inter-sujetos se calcularon los percentiles 10, 25, 50, 75 y 90 de consumo para los principales alimentos y nutrientes considerados. Resultados: Los participantes entendieron y respondieron adecuadamente los cuestionarios. El tiempo medio empleado en contestar el cuestionario fue de 55,0 minutos (IC 95%=50,7-59,3). Se encontró una amplia variabilidad inter-sujetos entre los percentiles 10 y 90 en el consumo de los principales alimentos que pueden considerarse indicadores de la dieta mediterránea, como son el aceite de oliva, las frutas, las verduras y el vino. Conclusiones: La submuestra presentó una participación relativamente aceptable. Se halló un patrón de dieta mediterránea con una variabilidad inter-sujetos suficientemente amplia como para poder encontrar asociaciones entre el consumo de alimentos y la incidencia de las principales enfermedades cardiovasculares.
Ergonomic thoracic port design for video-assisted thoracoscopic minimally invasive esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy: a preliminary pilot study.

Background Video-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) has been widely applied in clinical practice. However, the optimal port design for thoracoscopic esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy has not been well established. Here we introduced our novel ergonomic thoracic port design as well as our novel procedures of lymphadenectomy via tissue interactive retraction and compared its effects with that of conventional port design in this pilot study. Methods Patients undergoing McKeown MIE from January 2018 to December 2018 in one surgical team were randomly assigned into the ergonomic port design group and conventional port design group. Data of baseline characteristics, perioperative outcomes, and ergonomic assessment were collected and compared between the two groups. Results A total of 70 patients undergoing curative McKeown MIE were randomly assigned and there were 35 patients in each group. The baseline characteristics between the two groups were comparable and well-matched. Moreover, there was no significant difference of number of total dissected lymph nodes, positive lymph nodes and total dissected mediastinal lymph nodes between the two groups. As for perioperative outcomes, there was also no significant difference of in-operating time and blood loss in the thoracic part between the two groups. However, there were significantly less times of forced pause of the surgeon by fatigue during thoracic part in the ergonomic group compared to conventional group (mean time: 1.1 vs. 7.4, respectively; P<0.001) and the symptom score referable to the musculoskeletal system by the surgeon was significantly lower in the ergonomic group than in the conventional group (2.3 vs. 7.6; P<0.001). Postoperatively, there was no significant difference of hospital stay duration and rate of complication and 30-day mortality between the two groups. Conclusions Our novel thoracoscopic port design and procedures of lymphadenectomy was proved to be feasible and ergonomic, which could be easily mastered by most of the thoracic surgeons.
Comparison of the outcome of radiofrequency ablation or hepatic resection between solitary hepatocellular carcinoma and oligonodular hepatocellular carcinoma meeting Milan criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis

There are more literatures on the comparison of the outcome of small HCC between HR and RFA, but rare is about the comparison of the outcome between small solitary HCC and small oligonodular HCC meeting Milan criteria by HR or by RFA. Thus, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the outcome between small solitary HCC and small oligonodular HCC meeting Milan criteria treated by HR or by RFA. Total eighteen studies including 4,823 patients was included in this study. Among them LR group included 2,564 cases, and RFA group included 2,259 cases. We divided them into small solitary HCC sub-group and small oligonodular HCC sub-group and compared the survival difference between them. In the HR group, 1, 3, and 5 years OS of the small solitary HCC sub-group were 93.9%, 81.3%, and 72.0%, and the small oligonodular HCC sub-group were 83.3%, 70.4%, and 45.4%, respectively. For the DFS in the HR group, 1, 3, and 5 years of the small solitary HCC sub-group were 76.4%, 56.0%, and 44.0%, and 65.9%, 40.7%, and 11.1% of the small oligonodular HCC sub-group, respectively. In the RFA group, 1, 3, and 5 years OS of the small solitary HCC sub-group were 91.2%, 74.1%, and 54.5%, and the small oligonodular HCC sub-group were 82.0%, 55.4%, and 38.2%, respectively. For the DFS in the RFA group, 1, 3, and 5years of the small solitary HCC sub-group were 74.1%, 49.8%, and 22.1%, and 62.6% and 37.3%, 8.2% of the small oligonodular HCC sub-group, respectively.
Sleep in relation to sickness absence, unemployment and place of residence

This study, a questionnaire survey, was undertaken to assess the influence of sickness absence and unemployment on sleep in a randomly selected group of men and women in five Swedish municipalities with very different demographic conditions, living conditions and health profiles. The survey comprised 1,948 randomly selected persons (47.7% men) of ages 20–64 years. Poor sleep was reported by 17.0% of the men and 18.5% of the women (NS). Poor sleep was 5.5 (3.5–8.6) times more common in sick listed men and 6.8 (4.7–9.9) times more common is such women than in men and women, respectively, who were not sick-listed. The proportion reporting poor sleep increased in parallel with increasing numbers of days on sickness benefit during the last year. In a multiple logistic regression analysis significant independent correlates of poor sleep in men were: being on sickness benefit (OR 2.1; 95%CI 1.1–3.8), poor somatic health (3.6; 2.0–6.3) and poor mental health (7.0; 4.0–12.3). The corresponding correlates in women were: being on sickness benefit (2.5; 1.4–4.3), poor somatic health (3.2; 1.8–5.8) and poor mental health (5.5; 3.3–9.2). Age, marital status, employment status and the place of residence were deleted by the logistic model for both sexes. It is concluded that poor sleep increased in men and women on sickness benefit but not those who were unemployed after adjustment for age, health, marital status and place of residence.
The safety, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of immediate-release formulation containing esomeprazole 20 mg/sodium bicarbonate 800 mg in healthy adult male

Background Esomeprazole is the most effective treatment for acid-related disorders and is widely used with enteric coating due to rapid degradation in the acidic environment. However, the enteric-coated formulation delays absorption and onset of action. To overcome this limitation, an immediate-release formulation containing esomeprazole 20 mg and sodium bicarbonate 800 mg (IR-ESO) was developed. Purpose To evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics of IR-ESO compared to those of esomeprazole 20 mg (ESO). Methods A randomized, open-label, multiple-dose, two-treatment, two-sequence crossover study was conducted in 40 healthy male subjects. Subjects received either IR-ESO or ESO for 7 days. After single and multiple dosing, blood samples were collected for PK analysis, and intragastric pH was assessed by 24-hr pH monitoring. Results Plasma esomeprazole exposure of IR-ESO was similar to that of ESO after single and multiple dosing. Time to peak concentration of IR-ESO (0.50–0.75 hr) was shorter than that of ESO (1.25–1.50 hr). Percentage changes in 24-hr integrated gastric acidity from baseline for IR-ESO were similar to those for ESO. In addition, mean time to maintain gastric pH >4 for 24 hr was similar for both drugs (IR-ESO 55.5–69.9% vs ESO 56.8–70.2%). Evaluation of time to first reach pH 4 after dosing indicated that IR-ESO showed a faster onset than ESO. All subjects found the drug tolerable, and there were no significant differences in adverse events between two drugs. Conclusion This study showed that IR-ESO produced a rapid, safe and sustained gastric acid suppression (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03211143).
Skin prick test results in patients with chronic allergic rhinitis: Housewives are risky occupational group for the development of allergic rhinitis due to house dust mites

Amac : Alerjik rinit (AR), nazal epitelyum inflamasyonuna bagli olarak ortaya cikan ve yasam kalitesini olumsuz yonde etkileyen semptomlarla karakterize sik gorulen bir hastaliktir. Bu calismanin amaci, cilt prick testi pozitif olan alerjik rinitli hastalarin demografik ve klinik ozelliklerini ortaya koymaktir. Gerec ve Yontem: Pozitif cilt prick testi olan alerjik rinitli hastalar analiz edildi. Test edilen alerjenler: Cayir, tahil + cayir, agaclar 1 (erken ciceklenenler ), agaclar 2 (gec ciceklenenler), ev tozu akarlaridir (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP), Dermatophagoides farinae (DF), Tyrophagus putrescentiae (TP), Lepidoglyphus destructor (LD) ve Acarus siro (AS)). Bulgular: Calismaya dahil edilen 202 hastanin 145’i kadin (ortalama yas 32.42 ±12.81) ve 57‘si erkekti (ortalama yas 28.44 ± 11.5). En sik tespit edilen alerjenler; DF, DP, cayir, tahil + cayir grubuydu. Cilt prick testinin Tyrophagus icin pozitifligi istatistiksel olarak kadinlarda anlamliydi (p=0.04). Nazal akinti, dispne, kasinti, halsizlik, yorgunluk semptomlari kadinlarda erkeklere oranla daha fazla bildirildi. DF, DP, TP and LD grubu alerjen duyarliligi ev hanimlarinda istatistiksel olarak anlamli bulundu (p<0.05). Dispne, hisiltili solunum ve kasinti ev hanimlarinda istatistiksel olarak daha sik bulundu (p<0.05). Sonuc : Ev hanimlari, ev tozu akarlarina bagli alerjik rinit gelisimi icin riskli meslek grubundadir.