Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins in Children from Families with Early Coronary Heart Disease*

Serum lipids and lipoproteins of 64 men under the age of 41 years who survived for more than 6 months after a myocardial infarction, and of their children were investigated. 26 fathers and all their 55 children had normal serum lipids and lipoprotein patterns. 38 fathers had normal serum lipid concentration and abnormal lipoprotein pattern; of these, 23 had hyper-β-lipoproteinaemia, 11 had increase in both β- and pre-β-lipoprotein, and 4 had increase in pre-β-lipoprotein only. 30 of the 85 children whose fathers had abnormal lipoproteins were found to have type II hyperlipoproteinaemia regardless of the class of hyperlipaemia found in the father. The greatest incidence of lipoprotein abnormality was found in children of fathers of hyper-β-lipoproteinaemia.
Darbepoetin alfa once every 2 weeks for treatment of anemia in dialysis patients: a combined analysis of eight multicenter trials.

AIM Darbepoetin alfa has a longer half-life than epoetin-(EPO) alfa or beta, allowing administration at less frequent intervals for the treatment of renal anemia. The aim of the present analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of an every-2-week (Q2W) schedule of darbepoetin alfa in a large cohort of dialysis patients. METHODS Data were combined from eight similarly designed 24-week phase 3b European studies, in which patients receiving EPO alfa or beta once-weekly were converted to Q2W darbepoetin alfa. Darbepoetin alfa dosage was titrated to maintain hemoglobin (Hb) between 10 and 13 g/dl and efficacy was evaluated during a 4-week evaluation period. RESULTS In the 1,101 patients assigned to Q2W darbepoetin alfa (i.v., n = 196, s.c., n = 905), mean (SD) Hb levels were 11.53 (0.77) g/dl at baseline and 11.35 (1.04) g/dl at evaluation (mean change in Hb -0.27 g/dl, 95% confidence interval 0.34, -0.20). Hb levels were maintained between 10 and 13 g/dl during evaluation in 85% of patients. Darbepoetin alfa doses were similar at baseline and evaluation, and the i.v. and s.c. routes were associated with similar efficacy and dose requirements. Darbepoetin alfa was well-tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Q2W darbepoetin alfa is effective in maintaining Hb levels in dialysis patients switched from weekly rHuEPO, regardless of the route of administration and with no notable increase in the weekly equivalent dose.
Influence of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Rewards on Employee Engagement (Empirical Study in Public Sector of Uganda)

Considerable attention has been given to the identification of key forms of reward and its linkage to employee engagement. For this purpose following study aims to uncover the influence of extrinsic and intrinsic rewards on employee engagement in the public sector of Uganda. A sample of 184 public sector employees was randomly selected and taken from Gulu district. A quantitative approach based survey in form of closed ended Five Point Likert-Scale questionnaire was designed and used to implore responses from participants. 184 questionnaires was distributed, 180 were returned, processed and only 176 were found usable. Data collected were then analyzed both descriptively and inferentially using SPSS ver. 17. Findings showed that external reward has a positive significant influence on employee engagement. Additionally, the findings also indicated that intrinsic reward has a positive significant relationship with employee engagement. The study highlighted the importance of using both extrinsic and intrinsic rewards for employee engagement. Further implications and future research are discussed.
Nonlinear sideband effects in small-signal input dq admittance of six-pulse diode rectifiers

This paper focuses on the modeling of small-signal input dq admittance of six-pulse diode rectifiers, providing comparison between well-known averaged value models (AVMs), the switching simulation model and hardware measurements. The analytical AVM (AAVM) is a widely used solution for modeling a six-pulse diode rectifier, but it is shown that it has to be modified in order to model the input dq admittance more accurately. Analytical expressions for all four admittances present in the dq matrix are derived and compared to switching model small-signal dq admittances. Furthermore, a parametric AVM (PAVM) is included into analysis, “slightly modified” and analytical expressions for all four dq admittances are derived in this case also. However, it is concluded that both AVMs predicts two admittances, Ydd(s) and Yqd(s), very precisely even beyond the switching frequency. On the other hand, the prediction of other two admittances, Ydq(s) and Yqq(s), is accurate only up to one fourth and one half of the switching frequency, respectively. The main sources of differences are found to be sideband resonant points that are mainly present in the response to q-channel injection. The main reason is that q-channel injection modulates commutation angle and yields significant sideband admittances around multiples of the switching frequency, which is typical behavior for nonlinear systems. Furthermore, a hardware set-up is built, measured and modeled, showing that the switching simulation model captures nonlinear sideband effects accurately. In the end, a six-pulse diode rectifier feeding a constant power load is analyzed with the modified AAVM and through the detailed simulations of switching model, proving effectiveness of the proposed modifications. The nonlinear sidebands are inevitable phenomenon in a six-pulse diode rectifier as sidebands are found in all the presented test-cases.
One-dimensional quantum many body systems with long-range interactions

The presence of algebraically decaying long-range interactions may alter the critical as well as topological behaviour of a quantum many-body systems. However, when the interaction decays at a faster rate, the short-range behaviour is expected to be retrieved. Similarly, the long-range nature of interactions has a prominent signature on the out of equilibrium dynamics of these systems, e.g. in the growth of the entanglement entropy following a quench, the propagation of mutual information and non-equilibrium phase transitions. In this review, we summarize the results of long-range interacting classical and quantum Ising chains mentioning some recent results. Thereafter, we focus on the recent developments on the integrable long-range Kitaev chain emphasising the role of long-range superconducting pairing term on determining its topological phase diagram and out of equilibrium dynamics and also incorporate relevant discussions on the corresponding Ising version.
Effect of Cervicitis on Visual Inspection With Acetic Acid

Objective. The objective of this study was to determine whether the presence of cervicitis influenced the accuracy of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). Materials and Methods. In a pilot study, 502 women from rural El Salvador were screened for cervical cancer using methods including colposcopy and VIA. The presence of cervicitis was assessed by grading the amount of inflammation on each woman's cervical biopsy. Data from 495 women found to be free of cervical neoplasia were analyzed for the present study. Results. In this study population, 74% of women were classified as having cervicitis. Both the result of visual inspection and the result of colposcopy were highly associated with the presence of cervicitis (p =.007 and p =.006, respectively). Women with cervicitis were twice as likely to have a positive VIA result as women without cervicitis (odds ratio = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.0-3.7). Conclusions. The presence of cervicitis may influence the accuracy of results obtained from colposcopy and VIA. This observation may be of particular importance in low-resource settings such as El Salvador where visual inspection methods are more commonly used in screening for cervical cancer.
10 GEOMETRIC GRAPH THEORY János Pach

In the traditional areas of graph theory (Ramsey theory, extremal graph theory, random graphs, etc.), graphs are regarded as abstract binary relations. The relevant methods are often incapable of providing satisfactory answers to questions arising in geometric applications. Geometric graph theory focuses on combinatorial and geometric properties of graphs drawn in the plane by straight-line edges (or, more generally, by edges represented by simple Jordan arcs). It is a fairly new discipline abounding in open problems, but it has already yielded some striking results that have proved instrumental in the solution of several basic problems in combinatorial and computational geometry (including the k-set problem and metric questions discussed in Sections 1.1 and 1.2, respectively, of this Handbook). This chapter is partitioned into extremal problems (Section 10.1), crossing numbers (Section 10.2), and generalizations (Section 10.3).
Design and evaluation of line symbolizations for origin–destination flow maps

We present the results of a user study comparing variants of commonly used line symbolizations for directed origin–destination flow maps. Our design and evaluation consisted of five line symbolizations that employ a combination of following visual variables: arrowheads, origin–destination coloring (color hue, and value), line shortening, line width, tapered edges (varying width from wide to narrow, and narrow to wide), and curvature asymmetry and strength. To guide our evaluation, we used a task-by-type typology and chose four representative tasks that are commonly used in flow map reading: identifying dominant direction of flows, flows with the highest magnitude (volume), spatial focusing of long flows toward a destination, and clusters of high net-exports (net-outflow). We systematically analyzed user responses and task performance which we measured by task completion time and accuracy. We designed a web-based flow mapping and testing framework and recruited the participants from Amazon Mechanical Turk. To demonstrate the application and user experiment, we used 16 commodity flow data sets in the United States from 2007 and systematically rotated the layouts to evaluate the effect of layout orientation. From this study, we can conclude that there is potential usefulness for all of the five symbolizations we tested; however, the influence of the design on performance and perception depends on the type of the task. Also, we found that data and layout orientation have significant effects on performance and perception of patterns in flow maps which we attribute to the change in visual saliency of node and flow patterns in relation to the way users scan the map. We recommend that the choice of line symbolization should be guided by a task taxonomy which end users are expected to perform. We discuss various design trade-offs and recommendations and potential future work for designing and evaluating line symbolizations for flow mapping.
Influence of delayed placement and dietary lysine levels on small intestine morphometrics and performance of broilers

This experiment studied the influence of delayed placement (HI) and digestible lysine level (DL) on the morphometrics of the intestinal mucosa and on the performance of broilers. A total number of 1,705 Cobb 500 male chicks were used in a completely randomized experimental design in a factorial arrangement with four HI (12, 24, 36 and 48h), and two DL level in the starter diet (1.143 and 1.267%), with four replicates and 55 birds per experimental unit. The amino acids methionine-cystine, threonine, and tryptophan were balanced according to the ideal protein (IP) concept. Small intestine morphometrics was evaluated using histology slides of the duodenum and jejunum. There was no interaction between HI and DL levels for any of the studied parameters. The 1.143% level of DL promoted better performance results at 21 and 42 days of age, as well as higher duodenum and jejunum crypt depth, and duodenum villi height at 21 days of age. HI negatively influenced the morphometrics of the small intestine during the starter phase, and the performance of broilers up to 42 days of age. There was no effect of the treatments on yolk sac utilization or abdominal fat percentage. It was concluded that the use of 1.143% DL and HI of 12 hours promoted better development of the small intestine mucosa up to 21 days of age, and broiler performance at market age.
Literature Review on Oil Market Modeling and OPEC’s Behavior

This literature review is divided into two parts (1) oil market modeling and (2) OPEC’s behavior within the oil market. In the first part, we look at various oil market simulation and optimization models conducted to date with more emphasis on the optimization ones as we attempt building an oil market model of a similar nature. The second part of the review covers the literature on the efforts conducted to date on modeling, testing and analyzing OPEC’s behavior within the oil market as such a market behavior is pivotal to the proposed model’s mathematical formulation and solution.
Interaction between central pattern generators for breathing and swallowing in the cat.

1. We examined the interaction between central pattern generators for respiration and deglutition in decerebrate, vagotomized, paralysed and ventilated cats (n = 10), by recording activity from the following nerves: hypoglossal, phrenic, thyroarytenoid and triangularis sterni. Fictive breathing was spontaneous with carbon dioxide above the apnoeic threshold (end‐tidal PCO2, 32 +/‐ 4 mmHg) and fictive swallowing was induced by stimulating the internal branch of the left superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) continuously (0.2 ms pulse duration, 10 Hz). 2. In all ten animals, SLN stimulation evoked short bursts of thyroarytenoid and hypoglossal nerve activity indicative of fictive swallowing. In two of ten animals, respiration was inhibited completely during deglutition. In the other eight animals, fictive breathing and swallowing occurred simultaneously. 3. With SLN stimulation below threshold for eliciting swallowing, the respiratory rhythm decreased, the duration of inspiration did not change but the duration of expiration, especially stage II, increased. Integrated nerve activities indicated that the rate of rise and peak of phrenic nerve activity decreased, stage I expiratory activity of the thyroarytenoid and especially that of the hypoglossal nerve increased and stage II expiratory activity of the triangularis sterni nerve was suppressed completely. However, if inspired carbon dioxide was increased, i.e. hypercapnic ventilation, stage II expiratory activity remained partially during continuous SLN stimulation. 4. Fictive‐swallowing bursts occurred only at respiratory phase transitions. At the minimal stimulus intensity that evoked repetitive swallowing bursts, the pattern of interaction between breathing and swallowing central pattern generators was consistent for each animal (n = 7) but was different across animals. In four animals, fictive swallows occurred at the phase transition between stage II expiration and inspiration, at the transition between inspiration and stage I expiration in one animal; and in two other animals, at the transition between stage I and II of expiration. 5. The response to SLN stimulation accommodated during the stimulus train. Accommodation was evident in both the interswallow interval (ISI) which lengthened, and the interaction pattern which had fewer swallows per breath as the stimulus period progressed. In contrast to the ISI, characteristics of the fictive swallow did not accommodate. For example, duration of the swallow was constant, distributed over a narrow range throughout the stimulus train. 6. We conclude that the central pattern generators for swallowing and breathing interact. The pattern of interaction supports the three‐phase theory of respiratory pattern generation. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Analysis of CD44-Hyaluronan Interactions in an Artificial Membrane System

CD44 is a major cell surface receptor for the large polydisperse glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA). Binding of the long and flexible HA chains is thought to be stabilized by the multivalent nature of the sugar molecule. In addition, high and low molecular weight forms of HA provoke distinct proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects upon binding to CD44 and can deliver either proliferative or antiproliferative signals in appropriate cell types. Despite the importance of such interactions, however, neither the stoichiometry of multivalent HA binding at the cell surface nor the molecular basis for functional distinction between different HA size categories is understood. Here we report on the design of a supported lipid bilayer system that permits quantitative analysis of multivalent binding through presentation of CD44 in a stable, natively oriented manner and at controlled density. Using this system in combination with biophysical techniques, we show that the amount of HA binding to bilayers that are densely coated with CD44 increases as a function of HA size, with half-maximal saturation at ∼30 kDa. Moreover, reversible binding was confined to the smaller HA species (molecular weight of ≤10 kDa), whereas the interaction was essentially irreversible with larger polymers. The amount of bound HA decreased with decreasing receptor surface density, but the stability of binding was not affected. From a physico-chemical perspective, the binding properties of HA share many similarities with the typical behavior of a flexible polymer as it adsorbs onto a homogeneously attractive surface. These findings provide new insight into the multivalent nature of CD44-HA interactions and suggest a molecular basis for the distinct biological properties of different size fractions of hyaluronan.
Alteration of the regional cerebral glucose metabolism in healthy subjects by glucose loading

High plasma glucose (PG) levels can reduce fluorine‐18‐labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) uptake, especially in the Alzheimer's disease (AD)‐related regions. This fact is supported by studies showing that the resting‐state activity in diabetes can be altered in the default mode network (DMN)‐related regions, which considerably overlap with the AD‐related regions. In order to expand the current knowledge, we aimed to investigate the relationship between increasing PG levels and the regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (CMRglc) as a direct index of brain activity. We performed dynamic 18F‐FDG positron emission tomography with arterial blood sampling once each in the fasting and glucose‐loading conditions on 12 young, healthy volunteers without cognitive impairment or insulin resistance. The absolute CMRglc values were calculated for the volume‐of‐interest (VOI) analysis, and normalized CMRglc maps were generated for the voxelwise analysis. The normalized measurement is known to have smaller intersubject variability than the absolute measurement, and may, thus, lead to greater statistical power. In VOI analysis, no regional difference in the CMRglc was found between the two conditions. In exploratory voxelwise analysis, however, significant clusters were identified in the precuneus, posterior cingulate, lateral parietotemporal, and medial prefrontal regions where the CMRglc decreased upon glucose loading (P < 0.05, corrected). These regions include the representative components of both the DMN and AD pathology. Taken together with the previous knowledge on the relationships between the DMN, AD, and diabetes, it may be inferred that glucose loading induces hypometabolism in the AD‐related and DMN‐related regions. Hum Brain Mapp 37:2823–2832, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Social Work Education Outcome Measure: The Evaluation Self-Efficacy Scale–II

The Evaluation Self-Efficacy (ESE) scale was designed as an outcome measure for evaluation research courses in social work. A revised version of the Social Cognitive Theory–based ESE (ESE-II) was developed and evaluated in the current study including both new and revised items. The ESE-II was evaluated in a final sample of 168 masters level students using a pretest–posttest design. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a single-factor structure underlying the 14 self-efficacy items at both assessment points. Cronbach’s alphas for the ESE-II were high at pre- and posttest. An argument underpinning content validity was developedand convergent validity was demonstrated. The ESE-II was also sensitive to change over time both at the item and scale level. The current study provides evidence supporting select psychometric properties of the ESE-II and the flexibility of self-efficacy as an outcome measure for social work education.
SQUID Probe Microscope Combined With Scanning Tunneling Microscope

We have developed a high TC SQUID probe microscope combined with a scanning tunneling microscope for investigation of samples at room temperature in air. A high permeability probe needle was used as a magnetic flux guide to improve the spatial resolution. The probe with tip radius of less than 100 nm was prepared by microelectropolishing. The probe was also used as a scanning tunneling microscope tip. Topography of the sample surface could be measured by the scanning tunneling microscope with high spatial resolution. The SQUID probe microscope image could be observed while keeping the distance from the sample surface to the probe tip constant. We observed a topographic image and a magnetic image of Ni fine pattern and also a magnetically recorded hard disk.
MENINGO‐ENCEPHALO‐MYELITIS IN A PATIENT WITH HYPERGLOBULINEMIA AND ALLERGIC SYMPTOMS FROM THE SKIN AND JOINTS 1

In the literature I have been unable to find descriptions of similar syndromes. According to the history and clinical examination it would seem most natural to suppose that it is a case of a delimited pathological unit with reaction from various organs, and not R case of various parallel affections. For the sake of clarity I prefer to give the long history in detail and at the same time give some hints as to the diagnostic problems, while confining myself to a brief discussion of the case.