Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How language and inhibition influence analogical reasoning in children with or without developmental language disorder?

ABSTRACT Introduction: Analogical reasoning is a human ability of crucial importance in several domains of cognition, such as numerical abilities, social cognition, and language, and which is impaired in children with developmental language disorder (DLD). This impairment might be caused by their weaknesses in inhibition or by the inefficient use of phonological recoding. Method: We compared children with DLD and age-matched children without language disorders in an A:B::C:D analogical task. We manipulated two variables: interference (versus no interference) was used to evaluate the impact of articulatory suppression on analogical performance, and distraction (versus no distractor) was used to test whether perceptual distractors (which compete with relational responses) diminish children’s performance. Results: Contrary to expectations, articulatory suppression does not have a negative effect on analogical reasoning. In contrast, perceptual distractors have a detrimental impact on performance, and children with DLD are more impacted by perceptual distraction than their peers. Moreover, inhibition, as measured by a classical inhibition task, influences performance, but only for children with DLD. Conclusion: The analogical reasoning impairment observed in DLD, therefore, seems to be related to perceptual distraction and inhibition rather than to phonological recoding. To conclude, this study investigates the analogical reasoning impairment observed in DLD and contributes to our understanding of the relationships between language, analogical reasoning, and executive functions.
Impaired explicit self-awareness but preserved behavioral regulation in patients with Alzheimer disease

Abstract Objectives Impairments of metacognitive skills represent a critical symptom in Alzheimer Disease (AD) because it frequently results in a lack of self-awareness. However, recent findings suggest that, despite an inability to explicitly estimate their own cognitive functioning, patients might demonstrate some implicit recognition of difficulties. In this study, we tested whether a behavioral dissociation between explicit and implicit measures of metacognition can be found in both healthy older controls (n = 20) and AD patients (n = 20). Methods Our two groups of participants (AD vs. Controls) were asked to complete a forced-choice perceptual identification test and to explicitly rate their confidence in each decision (i.e. explicit measure of metacognition). Moreover, they also had the opportunity to ask for a cue to help them decide if their response was correct (i.e. implicit measure of metacognition). Results Data revealed that all participants asked for a cue more often after an incorrect response than after a correct response in the forced-choice identification test, indicating a good ability to implicitly introspect on the results of their cognitive operations. On the contrary, only healthy participants displayed metacognitive sensitivity when making explicit confidence judgments. Conclusion Our findings suggest that implicit metacognition may be less affected than explicit metacognition in Alzheimer’s disease.
Alcohol administration reduces attentional bias to alcohol-related but not food-related cues: Evidence for a satiety hypothesis.

Attentional bias to alcohol is a well-documented effect whereby drinkers allocate greater visual attention toward alcohol-related stimuli rather than nonappetitive, neutral stimuli. Some recent research has shown that acute administration of alcohol temporarily reduces attentional bias to alcohol cues, possibly because alcohol consumption satiates the motivation to drink. However, the specificity of this effect has not been tested, and so it is unclear whether reduced attentional bias following alcohol is specific to alcohol-related stimuli or whether attention to other appetitive stimuli is also reduced (e.g., food). This study tested the degree to which acute alcohol administration selectively reduced attentional bias to alcohol-related but not to food-related cues in a group of 23 healthy young adults who reported consuming alcohol roughly twice per week. Attentional bias to alcohol-related and food-related cues was tested using visual dot probe tasks following 2 active doses of alcohol, . 30 g/kg and . 65 g/kg, and a placebo. Results showed that attentional bias, measured as fixation time to stimuli on the visual probe tasks, to alcohol cues declined in a dose-dependent manner, whereas attentional bias to food cues was unaffected by the doses. The evidence suggests that alcohol consumption specifically reduces attentional bias to alcohol-related stimuli whereas bias to other appetitive stimuli remains intact. Evidence that alcohol consumption reduces attentional bias specifically to alcohol cues lends further credibility to the satiation theory and to the utility of attentional bias as an indicator of acute and transient changes in an individual's motivation to use alcohol. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Tumor Microenvironment of Metastasis (TMEM) Doorways Are Restricted to the Blood Vessel Endothelium in Both Primary Breast Cancers and Their Lymph Node Metastases

Cancer cells metastasize from primary tumors to regional lymph nodes and distant sites via the lymphatic and blood vascular systems, respectively. Our prior work has demonstrated that in primary breast tumors, cancer cells utilize a three-cell complex (known as tumor microenvironment of metastasis, or TMEM) composed of a perivascular macrophage, a tumor cell expressing high levels of the actin-regulatory protein mammalian enabled (Mena), and an endothelial cell as functional “doorways” for hematogenous dissemination. Here, we studied a well-annotated case–control cohort of human invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and metastatic lymph nodes from a separate breast cancer cohort. We demonstrate that in primary breast tumors, blood vessels are always present within tumor cell nests (TCNs) and tumor-associated stroma (TAS), while lymphatic vessels are only occasionally present in TCN and TAS. Furthermore, TMEM doorways not only exist in primary tumors as previously reported but also in lymph node metastases. In addition, we show that TMEM intravasation doorways are restricted to the blood vascular endothelium in both primary tumors and lymph node metastases, suggesting that breast cancer dissemination to distant sites from both primary tumors and metastatic foci in lymph nodes occurs hematogenously at TMEM doorways. TMEMs are very rarely detected at lymphatic vessels and do not confer clinical prognostic significance, indicating they are not participants in TMEM-associated hematogenous dissemination. These findings are consistent with recent observations that hematogenous dissemination from lymph nodes occurs via blood vessels.
The development of a simulator-based intervention to rehabilitate driving skills in people with acquired brain injury

Abstract Purpose With little to guide researchers and clinicians on how best to develop driving simulator interventions for ABI survivors, we aimed to describe the development process of a driving simulator intervention for ABI survivors in a rehabilitation setting. Method Intervention mapping methodology was used as a framework for the development of our driving simulator intervention. A qualitative synthesis of theoretical and empirical literature and stakeholder meetings enabled identification of factors affecting return to driving, selection of justifiable intervention goals, and identification of appropriate theoretically-informed techniques to facilitate change. These were used as a basis for design of intervention components and materials. A plan for delivery, implementation and evaluation was then developed. Results Determinants of driving ability, including knowledge and skills, self-efficacy, self-awareness of driving skills, awareness of risk and compensatory strategies were identified. These were applied to a range of tactical and operational driving behaviours to identify targets for change. Theoretically-informed strategies included direct instruction, repetition, graded difficulty, feedback and tailoring. An eight-session protocol, with a corresponding clinical manual, was developed for brain-injured patients who were referred for occupational therapy driving assessment. Protocols for recruitment, inclusion/exclusion criteria and facilitator training were developed, as well as a plan for evaluating feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness. Conclusions Intervention mapping was a useful approach to systematically develop an intervention tailored to the rehabilitation hospital context to complement existing driver rehabilitation. The feasibility and effectiveness of the simulator programme developed in this study will be evaluated in future studies. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION We were able to gather important information and provide recommendations to tailor a new driving simulator intervention for individuals with acquired brain injury within a rehabilitation service. The processes and methods described provide researchers and clinicians with a systematic process for the selection of driving simulator intervention components and delivery. This investigation can be used to educate rehabilitation clinicians and technicians to improve driver training and delivery to acquired brain injury survivors.
Reconstructing the population history of the sandy beach amphipod Haustorioides japonicus using the calibration of demographic transition (CDT) approach

Calibration of the molecular rate is one of the major challenges in marine population genetics. Although the use of an appropriate evolutionary rate is crucial in exploring population histories, calibration of the rate is always difficult because fossil records and geological events are rarely applicable for rate calibration. The acceleration of the evolutionary rate for recent coalescent events (or more simply, the time dependency of the molecular clock) is also a problem that can lead to overestimation of population parameters. Calibration of demographic transition (CDT) is a rate calibration technique that assumes a post-glacial demographic expansion, representing one of the most promising approaches for dealing with these potential problems in the rate calibration. Here, we demonstrate the importance of using an appropriate evolutionary rate, and the power of CDT, by using populations of the sandy beach amphipod Haustorioides japonicus along the Japanese coast of the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Analysis of mitochondrial sequences found that the most peripheral population in the Pacific coast of northeastern Honshu Island (Tohoku region) is genetically distinct from the other northwestern Pacific populations. By using the two-epoch demographic model and rate of temperature change, the evolutionary rate was modeled as a log-normal distribution with a median rate of 2.2%/My. The split-time of the Tohoku population was subsequently estimated to be during the previous interglacial period by using the rate distribution, which enables us to infer potential causes of the divergence between local populations along the continuous Pacific coast of Japan.
The Development of Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego - Auto-questionnaire for Adolescents (A-TEMPS-A) in a Serbian Sample.

BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that temperament features of adolescents may be good predictors of the development of future psychopathology in this population. The aim of the study was to adapt the content and validate the psychometric properties of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego - Auto-questionnaire in a sample of Serbian adolescents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The sample included 2113 adolescents, 56% girls and 44% boys, average age 16.73±0.47, attending 48 Serbian secondary schools. The base for the development of this scale included Serbian standardised versions as well as the TEMPS-I, Interview version. RESULTS The final scale is comprised of 36 items, with six factors (depressive, cyclothymic, hyperthymic, irritable, and anxious-cognitive/somatic) explaining 39.9% of the total variance, the internal consistency coefficient α=0.77, and the average test-retest coefficient (rho=0.84). The correlations among the temperaments ranged from weak to moderate, with the highest positive correlations between the depressive, cyclothymic and anxious scales. The highest values were detected on hyperthymic and the lowest on depressive temperament. Significantly higher scores of depressive, cyclothymic and anxious temperaments were detected in girls, whereas boys had higher scores on the hyperthymic scale. CONCLUSIONS The scale has shown good psychometric properties, which encourages its further use in adolescent population. The results show certain specific features of this population, such as higher scores on all temperament types than the ones in student and adult population and a tendency of socially desirable answers.
Clinical Practice Use of Liquid Biopsy to Identify RAS/BRAF Mutations in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC): A Single Institution Experience

Tumor heterogeneity represents a possible cause of error in detecting predictive genetic alterations on tumor tissue and can be overcome by testing alterations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) using liquid biopsy. We assessed 72 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) using Idylla™ Biocartis, a fully automated platform that evaluates the most frequent mutations of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF genes. We correlated the results of liquid biopsy and standard tissue-based next generation sequencing (NGS) analyses to patient clinical features. The overall agreement was 81.94%. Concordance was 85.71% and 96.15% in treatment-naïve patients and in the patient subgroup with liver metastases, respectively. In liver metastases positive, treatment-naïve patients, sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) were 92.31%, 100% and 100%, respectively. Circulating mutational fraction (CMF) was significantly higher in patients with liver metastases and high carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. In a subgroup of patients pre-treated with anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) agents, emerging KRAS mutations were evidenced in 33% of cases. Testing RAS/BRAF mutations on plasma using the Idylla™ Biocartis platform is feasible and reliable in mCRC patients in clinical practice.
PENGARUH ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH TERHADAP BRAND IMAGE DAN BRAND SWITCHING (Survei pada Mahasiswa Pengguna Operating System Android di Universitas Brawijaya)

The purpose of this study are: 1)To analyze and explain the influence of Electronic Word of Mouth on Brand Image, 2)To analyze and explain the influence of Electronic Word of Mouth on Brand Switching, 3)To analyze and explain the influence of Brand Image to Brand Switching. The type of research used is explanatory research with sampling technique using purposive sampling. Methods of data collection is done by using surveys distributed to Brawijaya University Student who use Android Operating System as much as 116 respondents. Data analysis technique used in this research is by using path analysis. The result of this research shows that Electronic Word of Mouth(X) variable has significant effect on Brand Image(Z) with beta coefficient value of 0.905 and probability level of 0.000. Electronic Word of Mouth(X) variables negative not significantly influence Brand Switching(Y) with beta coefficient value of -0.031 and probability level of 0.910. Brand Image(Z) variables have negative significant effect on Brand Switching (Y) with beta coefficient value of -0.794 and probability level of -0.008 . From the results of research can be seen that the variable Brand Image serves as a Partial Mediator. Kеywords: Electronid Word of Mouth, Brand Image, Brand Switching АBSTRАK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Menganalisis pengaruh EWOM terhadap brand image pada pengguna OS Android, 2) Menganalisis pengaruh EWOM terhadap brand switching pada pengguna OS Android, 3) Menganalisis pengaruh brand image terhadap brand switching pada pengguna OS Android. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan cara purposive sampling . Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan survey yang disebarkan kepada mahasiswa Universitas Brawijaya sebanyak 116 orang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan analisis jalur ( path analysis) . Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel Electronic Word of Mouth (X) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Brand Image (Z) dengan nilai koefisien beta sebesar 0.905 dan tingkat probabilitas sebesar 0.000. Variabel Electronic Word of Mouth (X) berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap Brand Switching (Y) dengan nilai koefisien beta sebesar -0.031 dan tingkat probabilitas sebesar 0.910. Variabel Brand Image (Z) berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap Brand Switching (Y) dengan nilai koefisien beta sebesar -0.794 dan tingkat probabilitas sebesar -0.008. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa variabel Brand Image berfungsi sebagai Mediator Parsial. Kаtа Kunci: Electronic Word of Mouth, Brand Image, Brand Switching
Pelvic Pain: Original Research Adverse Childhood Experiences Among Gynecology Patients With Chronic Pelvic Pain

METHODS: This case-control study examined the relationship between history of ACEs, traumatic events occurring during childhood as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and chronic pelvic pain. Patients diagnosed with chronic pelvic pain (n560) were age-matched to a control group of women without chronic pelvic pain (n560). All participants completed validated measures to detect for presence of any of the 11 ACEs as identified by the CDC’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System ACE Module.
Dietary Compounds for Targeting Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, and the burden of the disease is increased. Although several chemotherapies have been used, concerns about the side effects have been raised, and development of alternative therapy is inevitable. The purpose of this study is to prove the efficacy of dietary substances as a source of anti-tumor drugs by identifying their carcinostatic activities in specific pathological mechanisms. According to numerous studies, dietary substances were effective through following five mechanisms; apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis, anti-metastasis, microRNA (miRNA) regulation, and anti-multi-drug-resistance (MDR). About seventy dietary substances showed the anti-prostate cancer activities. Most of the substances induced the apoptosis, especially acting on the mechanism of caspase and poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage. These findings support that dietary compounds have potential to be used as anticancer agents as both food supplements and direct clinical drugs.
The role of anxiety for youth experiencing suicide-related behaviors

ABSTRACT The primary aim of this review is to explore how anxiety, and specific anxiety disorders, may be risk factors for suicide-related behavior in youth. Findings from adult literature are presented to serve as a foundation but highlighted as inadequate to replace the needed research specifically tailored to youth. Preliminary evidence for anxiety as a risk factor to suicidal behaviors in youth exists but is not well studied or understood. Suggestions for future research and clinical implications of relevant findings are presented for consideration.
Intrarenal resistive index conundrum: systemic atherosclerosis versus renal arteriolosclerosis

Abstract Background: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between biopsy-proven kidney lesions, subclinical markers of atherosclerosis and intrarenal resistive index (RRI) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods: This cross-sectional, single-center study prospectively enrolled 44 consecutive CKD patients (57% male gender, 54.1 (95%CI, 49.7–58.6) years, median eGFR 28.1 (15.0–47.7) mL/min) diagnosed by renal biopsy during 6 months in our clinic. RRI, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), Kauppila score for abdominal aortic calcification (AACs) were assessed. Traditional and nontraditional atheroscleosis risk factors were also evaluated. Results: Most of the patients had a diagnosis of glomerular nephropathy, with IgA nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy being the most frequent. RRI increased proportionally with CKD stages. Patients with RRI >0.7 (39%) were older, had diabetic and vascular nephropathies more frequently, higher mean arterial blood pressure, increased systemic atherosclerosis burden (IMT and AACs), higher percentage of global glomerulosclerois, GBM thickness, arteriolosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy. RRI directly correlated with age (rs = 0.55, p < 0.001) and with all the studied atherosclerosis markers (clinical atherosclerosis score rs = 0.50, p = 0.02; AACs rs = 0.50, p < 0.01; IMT rs = 0.34, p = 0.02). Also, global glomerulosclerosis (rs = 0.31, p = 0.03) and interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (rs = 0.35, p = 0.01) were directly correlated with RRI. In multivariable adjusted binomial logistic regression models, only arteriolosclerosis was retained as independent predictor of RRI >0.7. Conclusion: The analysis of RRI may be useful in the evaluation of the general vascular condition of the patient with CKD, supplying information about both microvascular and macrovascular impairment. Moreover, RRI correlates well with renal histopathologic characteristics, particularly with arteriolosclerosis.
PSMD: An extensive database for pan‐species microsatellite investigation and marker development

Microsatellites are widely distributed throughout nearly all genomes which have been extensively exploited as powerful genetic markers for diverse applications due to their high polymorphisms. Their length variations are involved in gene regulation and implicated in numerous genetic diseases even in cancers. Although much effort has been devoted in microsatellite database construction, the existing microsatellite databases still had some drawbacks, such as limited number of species, unfriendly export format, missing marker development, lack of compound microsatellites and absence of gene annotation, which seriously restricted researchers to perform downstream analysis. In order to overcome the above limitations, we developed PSMD (Pan‐Species Microsatellite Database, http://big.cdu.edu.cn/psmd/) as a web‐based database to facilitate researchers to easily identify microsatellites, exploit reliable molecular markers and compare microsatellite distribution pattern on genome‐wide scale. In current release, PSMD comprises 678,106,741 perfect microsatellites and 43,848,943 compound microsatellites from 18,408 organisms, which covered almost all species with available genomic data. In addition to interactive browse interface, PSMD also offers a flexible filter function for users to quickly gain desired microsatellites from large data sets. PSMD allows users to export GFF3 formatted file and CSV formatted statistical file for downstream analysis. We also implemented an online tool for analysing occurrence of microsatellites with user‐defined parameters. Furthermore, Primer3 was embedded to help users to design high‐quality primers with customizable settings. To our knowledge, PSMD is the most extensive resource which is likely to be adopted by scientists engaged in biological, medical, environmental and agricultural research.