Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mythbusting Set-Pieces in Soccer

In the 2016-2017 English Premier League season, 16% of all goals scored came from set-pieces (corners and free kicks). However, there exists a great disparity in those numbers as a team such as West Bromwich Albion scored 16 out of their 43 goals from set-pieces (>35% of their goals), whilst others obtain less than 7% of their goals from set-pieces (e.g., Sunderland scored 2 out of their 29 goals from set-pieces). The gap in resources between the richest and poorest teams in world football is growing wider each season as demonstrated by Paris St German spending a world record 220 million Euro on Neymar who scored 15 goals. The ability for a small market team to replicate the same goal output for the price of an effective set-piece strategy is a clear market inefficiency that can be exploited. Therefore, any new method that can help teams exploit this inefficiency would be a key advantage.
Gender and Crime

Beginning with the last review of gender and crime that appeared in the Annual Review of Sociology (1996), I examine the developments in the more traditional approaches to this subject (the gender ratio problem and the problem of theoretical generalization), life course research, and feminist research (gendered pathways, gendered crime, and gendered lives). This review highlights important insights that have emerged in this work on gender and crime, and it considers how this work might be further enriched by drawing on sociological theories that can address how gendered lives shape the impetus and opportunities for offending. This includes work on the context of offending, the learning and expression of emotions, and identity theory.
Information Discovery and Trend Following in Agricultural Futures Markets

We develop a structural VAR model to analyze the relationship between financial speculation, agricultural futures prices, and other asset prices. We consider two important types of speculators and test if they affect futures prices and through which channels. Moreover, we study their trading strategies. We find that shocks to net long positions of index investors do not affect futures prices, whereas shocks to money manager positions increase futures prices. Our results suggests that shocks are transmitted through the information discovery channel and reflect private signals. Further, we find that both investors are trend followers. They increase exposure in response to futures price shocks. This strategy amplifies initial shocks and increases futures price volatility. Overall, however, fundamental demand and supply are the main drivers of agricultural commodity price cycles.
Calculating anisotropic physical properties from texture data using the MTEX open-source package

Abstract This paper presents the background for the calculation of physical properties of an aggregate from constituent crystal properties and the texture of the aggregate in a coherent manner. Emphasis is placed on the important tensor properties of 2nd and 4th rank with applications in rock deformation, structural geology, geodynamics and geophysics. We cover texture information that comes from pole figure diffraction and single orientation measurements (electron backscattered diffraction or EBSD, electron channelling pattern, Laue pattern, optical microscope universal-stage). In particular, we provide explicit formulae for the calculation of the averaged tensor from individual orientations or from an orientation distribution function (ODF). For the latter we consider numerical integration and an approach based on the expansion into spherical harmonics. This paper also serves as a reference paper for the mathematical tensor capabilities of the texture analysis software MTEX, which is a comprehensive, freely available MatLab toolbox that covers a wide range of problems in quantitative texture analysis, for example, ODF modelling, pole figure to ODF inversion, EBSD data analysis and grain detection. MTEX offers a programming interface which allows the processing of involved research problems as well as highly customizable visualization capabilities; MTEX is therefore ideal for presentations, publications and teaching demonstrations.
Stress-Permeability Relationships in Low Permeability Systems : Application to Shear Fractures

For tight or low matrix permeability reservoirs, such as geothermal fields, faults and fractures are the main conduits for flow. Parallel plate models are typically used to model heat and mass transport in fractures. Using such a model, the cubic law specifies that the permeability (k) is equivalent to b/12, where b is the average fracture aperture. However, the limitation of this approach is that it fails to take into account the roughness within the fracture plane that results to permeability variation. An important component of understanding fracture surface roughness is identifying its source. There are several mechanisms by which rough fractures can be created, through chemical effects, mechanical effects, inelastic effects, and stress. In this study, the fracture generation mechanism considered was the application of stress. The spatial variation of crack opening depended on the following: applied stress values and direction, stress interactions, and initial shape of the fracture or fault. Analytical models for stress-dependent permeability were evaluated. The displacement discontinuity boundary element method (DDM) integrated with the complementarity algorithm was used as a consistent model that can simulate crack opening and slip from imposed stress conditions under elastic behavior. For future work, it is recommended that results from the DDM method be compared to the analytical models of stress-permeability relationships.
Asymptotically flat, algebraically special spacetimes in higher dimensions

We analyze asymptotic properties of higher-dimensional vacuum spacetimes admitting a 'nondegenerate' geodetic multiple Weyl aligned null direction. After imposing a fall-off condition necessary for asymptotic flatness, we determine the behavior of the Weyl tensor as null infinity is approached along the Weyl aligned null direction. This demonstrates that these spacetimes do not 'peel off' and do not contain gravitational radiation (in contrast to their four-dimensional counterparts). In the nontwisting case, the uniqueness of the Schwarzschild-Tangherlini metric is also proven.
The Affordability of Housing in the Netherlands: An Increasing Income Gap Between Renting and Owning?

Housing became more expensive in the Netherlands between 2002 and 2006, a trend which has been demonstrated using various measures of affordability. The expenditure-to-income ratios calculated for households confirm that the average cost of housing rose for tenants and homeowners, as well as for most income groups generally. This contribution analyses the development of various components of household expenditure which contributed to these higher ratios. One of the most important considerations here is the fact that average household disposable incomes either fell (tenants) or remained stable (homeowners) during the four-year period under review. This leads to the question of whether these increasing income differences between renting and owning can be attributed to the business cycle alone, or whether they are part of a longer-term trend that will eventually result in a rental sector that provides housing for those on lower incomes. The findings suggest that a longer-term or structural widening of the income gap between renting and owning may indeed be taking place.
Validation of mRNA and microRNA profiling as tools in qPCR for estimation of the age of bloodstains

Background: Bloodstains are the most important source of evidence encountered at crime scenes, due to their regularity and variety of applications. Temporal determination of the age of bloodstains in forensic investigations is essential, as it helps in estimating the time elapsed since occurrence or reporting of the crime. However, little has been explored in this regard forensically. Hence, this study aimed at the temporal estimation of the age of bloodstains using real-time quantitative-PCR for microRNAs (miR-126, miR-150, and miR-451), in addition to Caspase-1 and Caspase-3 mRNA. We also analyzed whether the accuracy and quality of information provided by the parameters help in achieving the purpose of this study. Method: A total of 70 bloodstains were randomly divided into two sets, incubated at 25 °C with 50% humidity, and were sorted for profiling of mRNA and microRNA (miRNAs). Results: The results indicated that levels of Caspase-1 and Caspase-3 mRNA gradually decreased at days 1, 6, 13, and 27, in comparison to that in fresh bloodstains In addition, the mRNA levels decreased significantly at days 41 and 55, after which they were nearly absent. In contrast, the levels of miR-126, miR-150, and miR-451 had a constant expression level all over the studied time points (days 1, 6, 13, 27, 41, and 55 of incubation of the bloodstains). Conclusion: Our findings indicated that profiling of mRNA in the bloodstain is suitable for the accurate aging of blood samples up to 55 days old. On the other hand, since levels of miRNA could be quantified in both fresh and dried bloodstains for long periods, it cannot be a useful tool for aging bloodstains up to 55 days. Another important conclusion of high forensic relevance is that miRNAs were highly stable in aged samples till the studied time points, which could have other applications in forensic casework. [Amany T Mohammed, Samah R. Khalil, Haytham A Ali, Ashraf Awad. Validation of mRNA and microRNA profiling as tools in qPCR for estimation of the age of bloodstains. Life Sci J 2018;15(6):1-7]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj150618.01.
Can tragedy make people better? An exploration into whether posttraumatic growth from Nadir experiences and Peak experience related growth are important for Self-Actualization

This study aimed to investigate a novel idea that positive growth from both peak and nadir experiences are essential in Self-actualization and are all interrelated; in that Self-actualization can aid in posttraumatic growth and peak experience related growth. Using a correlational survey design, the present study investigated the proposed relationship between these constructs. A total of N=240 participants were completed a questionnaire that was available online and in printed version. A new scale to measure positive growth from peak experiences (PERGS) was tested and found to be a reliable and valid way to measure this phenomenon. A Multiple Regression Analysis was used to investigate the effects of the variables Peak Experience Related Growth and Posttraumatic Growth; which were found to have unique predictive factors in relation to Self-actualization. Self-actualizers were found to report more peak and nadir experiences and were better able to benefit positively from them. Peak experience related growth and Posttraumatic growth can all be used in the prediction of Self-actualization. Recommendations for further study are made in terms of further testing of the PERGS. Other factors that play a role in these variables were social support and personality; further studies can look into the effects of these.
Corporate Social Disclosure in Bangladesh :A Study of the Financial Sector

Corporate social disclosure is essential to generate a favorable investment climate and to attract foreign investment, especially in developing countries. This paper investigates corporate social reporting in the financial sector in Bangladesh. In this study, we conducted content analysis of corporate social reporting by listed finance companies in Bangladesh. Analysis of annual reports published in 2007-2008 revealed that 41% of listed finance sector companies made some kind of CSR disclosure. However, three quarters of all disclosures are generalized qualitative statements without any attempt at quantification. More than half the disclosures are located in the director’s report, and the average length of disclosures amounted to less than half a page. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Microfinace As An Instrument Against Poverty

The objective of the current approach is to set out how microfinance institutions (MFIs) are incentives for economic development and as sources of lowering poverty. In this respect, a sample of 197 new and old clients having recourse to MFIs is targeted. The discriminant descriptive analysis which is proposed in this article is useful for mainly meeting the results that microfinance has a highly significant effect on improving people’s standards of living as well as lowering poverty rates. The comparison between the new and old clients of MFIs is suggestive of the fact that: the older the MFIs is, the more the opportunity to escape poverty is at reach. It is noted that an ambiguity submerges in the short-term micro-credit. The impacts of microfinance are timely joined. Time as a variable is marked importantly in appreciating microfinance in the long term.
THE EFFECT OF PARENTAL ENGAGEMENT ON TREATMENT AND ACADEMIC OUTCOMES AMONG LATINO STUDENTS RECEIVING SCHOOL BASED MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES

iii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Problem Formulation. 1 Purpose of the Study . 3 Significance of the Project for Social Work Practice . 4 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction . 7 Impacts of Parental Engagement in School Based Mental Health Services on Student’s Academic and Treatment Outcomes . 7 Defining Parental Engagement . 8 Demographics . 9 School Parental Engagement . 11 Parental Engagement in Mental Health Treatment . 12 Outcomes of School Based Mental Health . 12 Limitations . 13 Theories Guiding Conceptualization . 14 Summary . 16 CHAPTER THREE: METHODS Introduction . 17 Study Design . 17 Sampling . 18 Data Collection and Instruments . 19 Procedures . 20
AN ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR REPRESENTING FIXED CAPITAL WITHIN A SRAFFIAN FRAMEWORK: an exposition

This paper contains an exposition of the new method for representing Fixed Capital introduced in Ibanez and Matilla (2004) and Ibanez, Matilla and Osuna (2004), which avoids the machines at different stages of wear and tear being priced, by contrast to the standard method that treats fixed capital in terms of joint production. The new method deals dominantly with periodic allowance for depreciation of fixed capital stock, instead of book values, in the set of equations representing the successive production processes used by a firm for obtaining a commodity. The lump sum of these equations is the integrated process corresponding to this commodity, which allows the prices of marketed commodities being determined. The resulting integrated price system associated with this new method adopts a formal shape very similar to the standard price system corresponding to the Sraffian Circulating Capital model, and, in addition, shares all the properties of the latter.
The reproductive and milk performance merit of Butana cattle in Sudan

Abstract. Data from the Butana herd of Atbara Livestock Research Station were analyzed for the period 1949–1999. The least squares means for age at first calving, calving interval, milk yield per lactation, daily milk yield, lactation length and dry period were 45.05 ± 3.56 months, 382.38 ± 8.30 days, 1662.57 ± 108.96 kg, 6.10 ± 0.40 kg, 268.17 ± 5.56 days and 119.10 ± 8.30 days, respectively. The analysis of variance revealed that the sire and parity number influenced the studied traits, while year-season of calving influenced the milk yield per lactation, daily milk yield and lactation length. Linear and quadratic regressions on lactation length significantly influenced milk yield per lactation and daily milk yield. Heritability estimates for age at first calving, calving interval, milk yield per lactation, daily milk yield, lactation length and dry period were 0.19 ± 0.07, 0.09 ± 0.03, 0.26 ± 0.06, 0.27 ± 0.07, 0.04 ± 0.02, and 0.09 ± 0.03, respectively. This study highlighted the importance of conserving the indigenous dairy cattle breeds for future generations. The presence of significant variation and the corresponding heritability estimates give promise of reasonable genetic improvement under selective breeding with respect to milk yield characters.
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF THE AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF THONNINGIA SANGUINE VAHL. (BALANOPHORACEAE)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antifungal properties of Aqueous and Ethanolic extracts of Thonningia sanguinea Vahl (Balanophoraceae). Thisparasitic plant is commonly used in Ivory Coast and in many other parts of West Africa to treat dermatitis, diarrhea and asthma. Aqueous and Ethanolic extracts of Thonningia sanguine were evaluated for their antifungal activities by double dilution method against three strains: Candida albicans (C. albicans) Cryptococcus neoformans (C.neoformans) and Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus). The phytochemical screening was also evaluated. Antifungal tests indicated that the different extracts studied were active on all selected strains, but their inhibitory activity was more pronounced on C. neoformans compared with A. fumigatus and C. albicans. In addition, our works revealed that the aqueous extract (ATE) was a fungicide on three tested germs while ethanolic extract (ETE) was fungicidal on C. neoformans and fungistatic on the two strains. The phytochemical revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids. The results showed that the aqueous extract and ethanolic extract of Thonningia sanguine Vahl. (Balanophoraceae) exerted an antifungal effect on C. neoformans, A. fumigatus and C. albicans and supports its traditional use in herbal medicine.
Islamic Rule and the Empowerment of the Poor and Pious

Does Islamic political control affect women's empowerment? Several countries have recently experienced Islamic parties coming to power through democratic elections. Due to strong support among religious conservatives, constituencies with Islamic rule often tend to exhibit poor women's rights. Whether this reflects a causal relationship or a spurious one has so far gone unexplored. I provide the first piece of evidence using a new and unique data set of Turkish municipalities. In 1994, an Islamic party won multiple municipal mayor seats across the country. Using a regression discontinuity (RD) design, I compare municipalities where this Islamic party barely won or lost elections. Despite negative raw correlations, the RD results reveal that, over a period of six years, Islamic rule increased female secular high school education. Corresponding effects for men are systematically smaller and less precise. In the longer run, the effect on female education remained persistent up to 17 years after, and also reduced adolescent marriages. An analysis of long-run political effects of Islamic rule shows increased female political participation and an overall decrease in Islamic political preferences. The results are consistent with an explanation that emphasizes the Islamic party's effectiveness in overcoming barriers to female entry for the poor and pious.
PLANT PROPAGATION THROUGH TISSUE CULTURE

In plant propagation various methods are used, depending on the objective. To reproduce a botanical species of plant, seedlings are generally used even if there is a certain amount of variation amongst the daughter plants. This variation, which results from the combination of different genes from the two parent plants may be quite acceptable in the propagation of certain ornamental plants where one simply wishes to reproduce the general species characteristics. However in many cases one is interested in reproducing certain specific characteristics of a plant that are of great importance from a horticultural point of view, e.g. the colour of a rose flower, or the shape, size and texture of a specific fruit. Where one has a group of plants which all have identical desirable characteristics that can be reproduced when propagated, the group is referred to as a cultivated variety or cultivar (Anon, 1969). Some cultivars e.g. of annual flowers and vegetables come true-to-type when grown from seed because their chromosome pairs have fairly uniform genes (homozygous). By culling off-type plants before flowering, the desirable characteristics of the 'line' are retained when it is propagated by seed. Many other plants, especially perennials, have very variable gene-pairs (i.e. they are heterozygous) and seedlings grown from them do not reproduce the horticulturally desirable characteristics. In such cases it is essential to propagate the cultivar by some asexual or vegetative method to retain the desirable, characteristics, in the daughter plants. This is possible with plants where, in the normal process of cell division, the exact genetic constitution (genotype) is duplicated in every daughter cell. With plants it is also possible to induce the differentiation of different organs from other parts of the plant, e.g. roots from stems, and buds on roots. Thus there are numerous methods of vegetative propagation varying from naturally detachable structures (bulbs & corns), through many kinds of cuttings to methods of budding and grafting — all of which lead to the production of genetically uniform plants i.e. a clone. However a danger inherent in all methods of vegetative propagation is that if the plants become infected with virus diseases the virus that is contained within the cells, can be propagated along with every daughter plant. Besides the undesirable visual symptoms
Redescription of Prognathodon lutugini (Squamata, Mosasauridae)

Dollosaurus lutugini (Yakovlev, 1901) is the only valid species known from the territory of the former USSR. It was described from Campanian deposits of Eastern Ukraine on the basis of an incomplete skeleton. This study provides a description of an osteological material including the previously undescribed epipterygoid and squamosal. Phylogenetic analysis of a data matrix of 37 terminal taxa and 135 characters shows that D. lutugini and Prognathodon solvayi Dollo, 1889 are sister taxa. P. lutugini is distinct from P. solvayi by possession of smooth enamel surface of teeth, depression of anteriormost trunk vertebrae condyles, larger relative length of cervical vertebrae, and a distinct, horizontally interdigitating articulating surface of the splenial and angular. We conclude that D. lutugini is in Prognathodon clade; generic name of Dollosaurus Yakovlev, 1901 is a subjective junior synonym of the Prognathodon Dollo, 1889.
An Exploration for Improving Robustness of AUTOSAR Software Components with Design by Contract

The increasing volume of software in vehicles makes robustness a significant quality attribute for vehicle software. In order for high quality and high development efficiency of the vehicle embedded software, Automotive Open System Architecture (AUTOSAR) was put forward by several large manufacturers and suppliers in the automotive industry around the world. In this thesis, Design by Contract is applied to improve robustness of existing AUTOSAR software components. The main idea of Design by Contract is to view the relationship between two components as a formal contract which expresses each component’s right and obligations. The specific way is to separate input, output and invariant checks from the main processing component and build additional components for them. Functions for checking pre-conditions, post-conditions and invariants are defined in these components respectively. Each function is invoked every time the corresponding check is needed. The proposed solution is validated by conducting testings for the original and modified components in the unit testing tool ARUnit and comparing the results. The results prove Design by Contract greatly increase the robustness of AUTOSAR software components. None of the testings for the modified software components failed. Certainly, this method has weaknesses such as possible errors brought by the newlybuilt components. And also, it is hard to modify the components of which the code is automatically generated from some model tools.