Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Attentuation of Human Capital Spillovers: A Manhattan Skyline Approach

The impact of agglomeration and spatial concentration uponeconomic productivity has been the focus of many studies.Using estimatedwage equations and geographic data, this research focuses on the reduction ofagglomeration economies and human capital externalities. The analysis of the data allows researchers to evaluate the impact ofagglomeration distance upon labor productivity.While agglomeration isexamined using concentric rings from the workplace, productivity is measuredaccording to existing wages.Geological characteristics are alsoconsidered significant for understanding measurement error. Influential factors, such as education level, human capital, and the urbanwage premium, are considered.Previous literature regarding agglomeration,productivity, and wages is explored.The data set was primarily drawn fromthe 5% Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) from 2000, as well as2000 U.S. Census data. The findings of the paper indicate that evidence supporting an urban wagepremium exists. The analyses further suggest that human capital positivelyimpacts agglomeration. Further, a close proximity to college-educated workers is correlated with anincrease in productivity and wages; the proximity to less-educated workers iscorrelated with an opposite effect.The effect of human capital spilloversindicate a positive influence, extending as far as 50 to 100 miles. (AKP)
Do the everyday experiences of people with severe mental illness who are “hard to engage” reflect a journey of personal recovery?

Abstract Background: Recovery experiences should bring hope, identity, meaning and personal responsibility to the lives of people experiencing severe mental illness (SMI). Aims: To describe the recovery experiences of individuals experiencing SMI who are labelled “hard to engage” and who receive mental health assertive community treatment (ACT). Methods: A qualitative approach was used to gather descriptive data from 11 adults diagnosed with SMI who live in the community. Data were gathered over 12 months through one-to-one meetings using field notes and audio recordings. Results: Longitudinal findings provided insight into the everyday experiences and include the themes of: personal understandings of recovery, potential for agency and everyday routine. Conclusions: Opportunities for recovery experiences that hold purpose and meaning are limited for individuals receiving ACT and do not reflect definitions of personal recovery within contemporary literature. Further debate is required to address the gap between theory and the reality of recovery experiences.
Long‐lasting hormonal alterations to extreme stress in humans: normative or maladaptive?

&NA; The biological consequences of stress have been studied for over half a decade, however, little is known about persistent biological alterations after extreme stress in humans. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a syndrome that occurs in some individuals after exposure to extreme stress. In this review, we summarize some of our studies of hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis alterations in PTSD and compare and contrast these findings with knowledge concerning biological changes following stress.
Behavioral Change Starts in the Family: The Role of Family Communication and Implications for Social Marketing

This article investigates reciprocal consumer socialization in families, with a particular focus on the influence young adults above age 18 living at home have over their parents. A dyadic method of analysis was used to determine the level of influence young people have on the decision making of their parents with regard to the consumption of environmentally sustainable products. Our research shows that parents are not only influenced by their adolescent children, but that they are much more likely to take their children's advice when the family foster open issue-based communication patterns with respect for others. Our findings show that when the parents initially encourage their children to develop their own opinions and at the same time uphold the family hierarchy, they are much more likely to take their children's advice as well. For social marketers seeking to address issues of sustainable consumption, these are important findings.
Explaining Foreign Holdings of Asia's Debt Securities: The Feldstein-Horioka Paradox Revisited

In this paper, we analyze data on trends since 2000 in foreign holdings of government securities and other debt securities, with emphasis on Japan and developing Asia. We find that foreign residents generally increased their holdings of Asian debt securities during the sample period and in particular during the post-global financial crisis (GFC) period. Meanwhile, foreign holdings of debt securities have been declining in the eurozone. Foreign holdings of short-term debt securities were very volatile during the GFC period (2009–11), with a sharp drop in foreign holdings of short-term Asian debt securities that was followed by a renewed surge. Our empirical analysis suggests that despite the increase in foreign holdings of debt securities its share is still far lower than the optimal portfolio warranted by the capital asset pricing market theory. In other words, foreign investors’ home bias is still strong. The overall increase in foreign holdings of Asian debt securities appears to be driven by relatively stable exchange rates and the higher risk-adjusted returns on the debt securities of the region. Additionally, we find that investors were more “home-biased” during the GFC period and invested less in the markets of the major industrialized economies.
Recent Advances in Drug Delivery Systems

Drug targeting to specific organs and tissues has become one of the critical endeavors of the century since the use of free drugs in conventional dosage forms generally involves difficulties in achieving the target site at the appropriate dose after or during a proper time period. Consequently, the search for new drug delivery approaches and new modes of action represent one of the frontier research areas. New drug delivery systems include lipidic, proteic and polymeric technologies to provide new sustained drug delivery with better body distribution, drug protection from harsh external environment and avoidance of drug clearance. Many of these technologies have reached the market therefore proving the benefits of these new carriers. This review covers the generalities of those new carriers and their new advances in drug delivery.
Did Buddha turn the other cheek too? A comparison of posing biases between Jesus and Buddha

ABSTRACT People tend to exhibit a leftward bias in posing. Various studies suggest that posing to the left portrays a stronger emotion, whereas posing to the right portrays a more neutral emotion. Religions such as Christianity emphasize the role of strong emotions in religious experience, whereas religions such as Buddhism emphasize the calming of emotions as being important. In the present study, we investigated if the emphasis on emotionality of a religion influences the depiction of their religious figures. Specifically, we coded 484 paintings of Jesus and Buddha from online art databases for whether the deity exhibited a left bias, right bias, or central face presentation. The posing biases were analysed to discover whether paintings of Jesus would more frequently depict a leftward bias than paintings of Buddha. Jesus is more commonly depicted with a leftward bias than Buddha, and Buddha is more commonly depicted with a central face presentation than Jesus. These findings support the idea that the amount of emotionality that is to be conveyed in artwork influences the whether the subject is posed with a leftward bias.
Can Aversion to Variance Risk be Evidence of Risk Seeking Preferences? Evidence from Returns to VC Backed IPOs

In this paper, we examine how venture capital portfolios with risk averse and risk seeking return characteristics are priced by the representative investor in public equity markets. We find only portfolios with risk seeking return characteristics are associated with a market skewness premium. Also, while the representative investor's aversion to variance risk and skewness preference are positively correlated in the pricing of portfolios with risk seeking return characteristics, they are negatively correlated in the pricing of portfolios with risk averse return characteristics. Our findings (a) show skewness preference is evidence of risk seeking behavior or preferences, and as such is inconsistent with globally concave utility functions; (b) indicate portfolio diversification (aversion to variance risk) can be evidence of risk averse or risk seeking preferences; and (c) establish empirically testable conditions for distinguishing between risk averse and risk seeking preferences.
Comparison of methods for enumeration of yeasts and molds in shredded low-moisture, part-skim mozzarella cheese.

Two studies were conducted to compare established and new methods for enumerating yeasts and molds in shredded low-moisture, part-skim mozzarella cheese stored under refrigeration and temperature-abuse conditions. Yeast and mold counts covered a range of 6 log10 units. In study 1, the potato dextrose agar plus chlortetracycline (PDA) pour plate, dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol (DRBC) spread plate, Petrifilm, and Iso-Grid hydrophobic grid-membrane filtration methods were used to analyze samples after < or = 1 day of unopened storage at 7 degrees C and after opening, resealing, and 2 days of storage at 25 degrees C. The results of all methods were highly correlated (r2 > or = 0.96). In study 2, the PDA, DRBC, and Iso-Grid methods were compared with the Simplate 2-day method in an analysis of 42 samples stored for various times at 8, 11, 15, and/or 22 degrees C. The results of all methods except the Simplate method were again highly correlated (r2 > or = 0.94), although yeasts and molds were not always detected by all methods. Compared with the PDA, DRBC, and Iso-Grid methods, the Simplate method most often (10 of 42 samples, 23.8%) failed to detect yeasts and molds when at least one other method did, and the results were less highly correlated with those of other methods (r2 = 0.88 to 0.90). Our results suggest that the PDA, DRBC, Petrifilm, and Iso-Grid methods are equivalent for enumerating yeasts and molds in shredded low-moisture, part-skim mozzarella cheese samples.
Activating lay health influencers to promote tobacco cessation.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of tobacco cessation brief-intervention (BI) training for lay "health influencers," on knowledge, self-efficacy and the proportion of participants reporting BI delivery post-training. METHODS Randomized, community-based study comparing In-person or Web-based training, with mailed materials. RESULTS In-person and Web-training groups had significant post-training cessation knowledge and self-efficacy gains. All groups increased the proportion of individuals reporting BIs at follow-up, with no significant between-group differences. Irrespective of participants' prior intervention experience, 80%-86% reported BIs within the past 90 days; 71%-79% reported >1 in the past 30. CONCLUSIONS Web and In-person training significantly increase health influencer cessation knowledge and self-efficacy. With minimal prompting and materials, even persons without BI experience can be activated to encourage tobacco cessation.
CD40-CD40 ligand mediates the recruitment of leukocytes and platelets in the inflamed murine colon.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although the CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) signaling pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, the nature of its contribution to intestinal inflammation remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether CD40-CD40L contributes to the intestinal inflammatory response, tissue injury, and disease activity elicited by dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) through the modulation of leukocyte and platelet recruitment in the colonic microvasculature. METHODS Wild-type (WT), CD40(-/-), and CD40L(-/-) mice were fed DSS drinking water. On day 6, intravital videomicroscopy was performed to monitor leukocyte and platelet recruitment in colonic venules, with measurements obtained for tissue myeloperoxidase and histology. CD40 expression on colonic endothelium was measured using the dual-radiolabeled antibody technique. RESULTS A comparison of the responses to DSS-induced colitis in CD40(-/-) and CD40L(-/-) mice to WT mice revealed a significant attenuation of disease activity and histologic damage, as well as profound reductions in the recruitment of adherent leukocytes and platelets in the mutant mice. Similar down-regulation of the blood cell recruitment responses to DSS was noted in WT mice treated with the CD40-CD40L pathway inhibitor Trapidil. CD40 expression in the colonic vasculature was greatly elevated during DSS-induced inflammation in WT mice, but not in CD40(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings implicate CD40-CD40L in the pathogenesis of DSS-induced intestinal inflammation, and suggest that modulation of leukocyte and platelet recruitment by activated, CD40-positive endothelial cells in colonic venules may represent a major action of this signaling pathway.
Histopathological Spectrum of Lesions of Hysterectomy Specimens – A Study of 200 Cases

Hysterectomy is the most commonly performed major gynecological surgery worldwide and prevalence of hysterectomy varies from country to country, region to region. Hysterectomy may be total -removing the body, fundus, and cervix of the uterus; often called complete hysterectomy or partial hysterectomy/subtotal hysterectomy removal of the uterine body while leaving the cervix intact; also called supracervical hysterectomy. The objective of this study is to know the most common pathology causing abnormal uterine bleeding by studying histopathological findings in hysterectomy specimens and also to know the commonest age group undergoing hysterectomies. In our study involving 200 cases most common age group underwent hysterectomy was 40-49 years followed by 30-39 years group and least hysterectomies done in group 70-79 years. Type of hysterectomy performed most commonly in this study was supracervical or subtotal hysterectomy. Most of lesions were seen in the endometrium 84 cases (42%), Myometrium 59 cases (29.5%), cervix 33 cases (16.5%) and ovary 24 cases (12%). Hysterectomy still remains the widely used treatment modality in developed and developing countries. All hysterectomy specimens should be sent for histopathological examination regardless of the pre-operative microscopic assessment, especially in malignant disease.
A market segmentation approach for higher education based on rational and emotional factors

Market segmentation is an important topic for higher education administrators and researchers. For segmenting the higher education market, we have to understand what factors are important for high school students in selecting a university. Extant literature has probed the importance of rational factors such as teaching staff, campus facilities, and quality of education. Less attention has been devoted to the relevance of emotional factors such as personal values. The aim of this paper is to suggest a segmentation approach based on integrating rational and emotional factors that prospective students value when selecting a university. We gather information from 21 focus groups and develop a survey applied to a sample of high school students. We find six segments characterized by distinct rational and emotional underlying factors that lead to a particular composition for each segment. The factors discussed in this research can be used as a guide for higher education managers to develop segmentation and communication plans.
Have you seen ? Departure gate of acidic Ca 2 + confirmed

More potent, but less known than IP3 that liberates Ca from the ER, NAADP releases Ca from acidic stores. The notion that TPC channels mediate this Ca release was questioned recently by studies suggesting that TPCs are rather PI(3,5)P2activated Na channels. Ruas et al (2015) now partially reconcile these views by showing that TPCs significantly conduct both cations and confirm their activation by both NAADP and PI(3,5)P2. They attribute the failure of others to observe TPCdependent NAADP-induced Ca release in vivo to inadequate mouse models that retain partial TPC function.
How do they grow? A study of south‐eastern Nigerian adolescent girls

This study assessed the nutritional status of Nigerian adolescent girls living in two areas of south‐eastern Nigeria. A cross sectional survey was undertaken in a rural village in Ogoniland, and five secondary schools in Port Harcourt, south‐eastern Nigeria. All (386) menarcheal girls aged 14–19 y living in the rural village, and a stratified cluster sample (845) of menarcheal girls aged 14–19 in the five urban schools were investigated. Mean heights and weights of rural girls were around ‐1 Z‐score below the British reference median. 10. 4% of rural and 4. 7% of urban girls were stunted (≤2nd centile, British 1990 reference values). After calculating mean body mass index‐for‐age, various cut‐off points for low body mass index were tested. At a cut‐off of ≤9th centile, 15. 6% of rural and 8. 0% of urban girls would be classified as thin. Girls with a haemoglobin < 10. 0 g/dl were significantly more likely to have a low body mass index than those with haemoglobin values a 10. 0 g/dl. More studies are needed to refine the definition and interpretation of low body mass index in adolescents.
Uroflowmetry for predicting postoperative voiding difficulties in women with stress urinary incontinence

Summary. Pre‐operative knowledge of uroflowmetry and postvoiding residual urine volumes in a group of 45 women undergoing urinary incontinence surgery failed to predict risks of postoperative voiding difficulties. Only one out of nine patients needing prolonged post‐operative bladder drainage (7 days) gave a pre‐operative history of voiding difficulties. More than half the patients (5/9) who needed prolonged catheterization had normal flow rates pre‐operatively and five of the nine patients with reduced flow rates were able to resume spontaneous voiding within 7 days following incontinence surgery.
Prevalence of pneumococcal serotypes in adults ≥50 years of age

Context: Currently, majority of studies on antibiotic resistance and serotype prevalence in Streptococcus pneumoniae are in paediatric population and there is limited epidemiologic data pertaining to elderly Indian population. Aims: This study was undertaken to assess antibiotic resistance pattern and the coverage of the polysaccharide vaccine 23 (PPV23) in the elderly population. Settings and Design: This was a prospective 2-year pneumococcal surveillance study in patients with community-acquired pneumococcal infections of ≥50 years' age group on fifty isolates of S. pneumoniae. Materials and Methods: Antibiotic susceptibility by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration susceptibility testing by E-test method were performed for various antibiotics. All isolates were serotyped by the capsular Quellung method with commercial antisera. Results: All S. pneumoniae isolates were sensitive to penicillin and ceftriaxone. Non-susceptibility to levofloxacin, co-trimoxazole, erythromycin and clindamycin was noted as 16%, 74%, 10% and 6%, respectively. Prevalence of multidrug resistance in S. pneumoniae was observed as 6%. The most common serotypes observed in our study were 19A (14%), 8 (10%), 19F (8%), 3 (6%) and 9N (6%). PCV7, PCV10, PCV13 and PCV23 coverage was observed as 16%, 24%, 48% and 66%, respectively. The non-vaccine serotypes (NVTs) comprised 30% (n = 15) of the isolates. Conclusions: Our study shows different antibiotic susceptibility patterns of S. pneumoniae as compared to other neighbouring regions in Asia. The modest coverage of S. pneumoniae serotypes by PPV23 vaccine and prevalence of diverse NVTs in adult population make it a challenging task to recommend further changes in the future vaccine.
Antecedents of mobile app usage among smartphone users

Although mobile apps are already an influential medium in the new media industry as a whole, these apps have received little academic attention within the communication and marketing literature. This study develops and tests a hypothesized model to explain antecedents affecting app usage among smartphone users. The analysis of the structural equation model determined a final model with four significant factors (perceived informative and entertaining usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user review). Cost-effectiveness, a key variable of this study due to the particularity of 99-cent app price, had no influence on app usage. This study not only includes marketing implications but also offers insight into various theoretical applications to the field of mobile communication research by suggesting a conceptual model for the acceptance of mobile apps.
FOREIGN ENTRY, CULTURAL BARRIERS, AND LEARNING

This paper examines the longevity of foreign entries. Hypotheses are developed on the mode (start-ups vs. acquisitions) and ownership structure (wholly owned vs. joint ventures) in relation to cultural distance. The hypotheses are tested within a framework of organizational learning, using data on 225 entries that 13 Dutch firms carried out from 1966 onwards. Results show that the presence of cultural barriers punctuates an organization's learning. Cultural distance is a prominent factor in foreign entry whenever this involves another firm, requiring the firm to engage in ‘double layered acculturation. ’ We also identify locational ‘paths of learning. ’ The longevity of acquisitions is positively influenced by prior entries of the firm in the same country. Similarly, the longevity of foreign entries, in which the firm has a majority stake, improves whenever the expanding firm engaged in prior entries in the same country and in other countries in the same cultural block.
Shopping behavior and the involvement construct

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the degree of involvement with shopping for clothing affects the frequency with which GenY consumers seek the opinions of others when making clothing purchases for themselves; the non‐personal sources that influence the frequency of clothing purchase; and certain shopping behaviors.Design/methodology/approach – Written questionnaires were completed by students at a university in the southwestern region of the USA.Findings – Most of the participants were determined to be high involvement shoppers who sought opinions of female friends and co‐workers, used most of the non‐personal idea sources, shopped more often, spent more money, and were more comfortable shopping for clothing.Research limitations/implications – While the participants are representative of the GenY characteristics and a valid sample for this project, the use of a convenience sample may limit the generalizability of the results.Practical implications – Generation Y consumers who ar.
Dormancy and Seed Germination in Tamarindus indica (L).

The dormancy and seed germination of Tamarindus indica (L) was studied. This involved the usage of some dormancy-releasing methods and the influence of oven dry heat treatments on the seeds. The preliminary germination tests on fresh and air-dried seeds showed low percentage germinability (10-20%). The seeds are known to have high socio-economic value most especially in the savanna regions of the vegetation zones. Subjecting the seeds to conc. nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and methanol greatly enhanced the percentage germination of the seeds to about 70-100%. The influence of dry heat (40 o