Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Trouble With Thinking Like Arena: Learning to Use Simulation Software

Simulation software used for modeling has become as ubiquitous as computers themselves. Despite growing reliance on simulation in educational and workplace settings, users encounter frustration in using simulation software programs. The authors conducted a study with 26 engineering students and interviewed them about their experience learning the simulation software Arena for optimization modeling. These students experienced frustration with the process of learning to “think” like the simulation software. Students explained their difficulty with learning the software in a way that implied human dialogue with a machine and negotiation with Arena in an attempt to overcome this frustration. Rather than being gender specific, frustrations were experienced by most male and female students equally, specifically those who held a perception of difference between human and machine “thinking. ” The authors contend that communication difficulty with the embedded assumptions of the software is the source of frustration rather than deficiencies of users.
Tracking Performance Evaluation - Prediction Of Track Purity

This paper is concerned with the performance evaluation of multiple-target tracking systems, in particular, with evaluating the quality of tracks as the outputs of such systems. Very simple analytic functions are developed to relate key tracking environment parameters to a selected tracking performance measure, i.e., track purity, which is an important quantification of the tracking output quality when single-frame based target classification is not possible. The method for predicting track purity is based on a simple mathematical model for data correlation performance within a single data set. Several Monte Carlo simulations are performed to verify the applicability of the analytic functions.
TESTING-COVERAGE DEPENDENT SOFTWARE RELIABILITY GROWTH MODELING

We discuss software reliability growth modeling considering with testing-coverage. There are several testing-coverage evaluation criteria for the testing thoroughness. As one of them, statement (or block) testing-coverage is measured as the fraction of the total number of statements that have been executed at least once by the test-cases. First, an alternative evaluation metric for the testing-coverage is proposed in this paper. And then, we develop a software reliability growth model by formulating the relationship between the alternative testing-coverage evaluation function and the number of detected faults. Finally, we show numerical examples for software reliability analysis based on the proposed model by using an actual data set.
Political discourse, media and translation

The volume is a collection of contributions to the symposium ‘Political Discourse, Media and Translation’, held in February 2007 at Aston University. The contributors explore the intricate relationships between translation and media in the widest sense. The book is divided into two parts, preceded by an introduction and followed by a postscript. In the Introduction, Christina Schäffner and Susan Bassnett discuss such concepts as politics, political discourse, the media, and translation, all in close and at times invisible relation. The media have a vital role in the transmission of information about politics, thus influencing reactions of the public and consequently actions by politicians. In reporting political information, intense recontextualization occurs that may result in a shift in perspective. Journalists prove to be the power figure in the (re)shaping of political discourse, while readers remain relatively unaware of their own role in the process. The first part contains five contributions focusing on the text as a product and explaining changes with reference to ideology and political discourse. Siobhan Brownlie looks at the connection between political discourse, media, and translation by means of a study of news reporting on French politics in British newspapers. She analyzes how the media operate through translation, not only interlingually, but also interculturally. In keeping with her interest in translation research methodology, Brownlie develops and tests a framework for examining articles, focusing mainly on representation, without neglecting the identity and relationships of participants and their role. Her study stresses the importance of journalists in the representation of foreign news. Elpida Loupaki explores the strategies used by translators in dealing with ideological conflict in the source text, by looking, mainly but not exclusively, at the textual micro-level of articles originally from the British and North American press and their respective translations into Greek. She investigates the factors that may influence the translator’s choices, maintaining that at the textual level conflict is not always overt, but can also be implied. Furthermore, she aims to describe the norms that govern the translation of ideology and points out that choices made at textual level result in shifts of position at the macro-level. She also questions whether the term ‘translator’ applies to such cases or another term should be coined to designate this peculiar reality. Cristina Caimotto looks at a particular instance (i.e. the reactions of Italian journalists to an article on Italian economy) to discuss the practice of reporting on articles published abroad which refer to the journalists’ own country. She compares several target texts to the source with a view to identify and analyze the causes that trigger manipulation, which are all likely to have relevant political and social Perspectives: Studies in Translatology Vol. 20, No. 3, September 2012, 391 393
Coming Out: The Information Needs of Lesbians

According to Sasha Alyson, collections development librarians have a responsibility to provide books that address the needs of the estimated 10 percent of the population who are homosexual. Several authors have discussed the important role that libraries can play in the lives of gays and lesbians (see for example, Alyson, 1984; Ashby, 1987; Parkinson, 1987; and Monroe, 1989). Because they afford a degree of privacy to users, libraries that house good collections are a desirable place for gays and lesbians to sift through their positive and negative images and, in so doing, find solace and hope.
The assessment of communities of practice

This paper introduces the Community Assessment Toolkit (CAT) as a method for the assessment of Communities of Practice (CoPs) and provides an overview of its construction and applicability. It shows that the methodology is based on current theories with regard to CoPs and group dynamics. The method was also tested in practice through a pilot and a study among members of 7 communities of practice (N=271) in order to enable reliability tests and scale analysis. The method is unique in the sense that it provides feedback on the overall performance of CoPs on the individual, group and organizational level. The systematic nature of the CAT questionnaire enables comparisons between communities both within and between organizations. The CAT may be used for further scientific research into CoPs as well as for the analysis of community effectiveness for companies. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thrust into Technology: How Veteran Teachers Respond

This two-year study explored the perceptions and roles of experienced elementary teachers, who were computer novices, as they learned and began using computer technology in their teaching. The research questions guiding this study focused on incentives and barriers to learning and using computer technology, professional development approaches, and teaching roles indicated by traditional and constructivist characteristics. The researchers employed qualitative research methods within a case study framework. Data obtained through a variety of sources were coded and analyzed within- and across-cases. Results indicated participants' preferences for learning basic computer skills before integrating technology into the curricula, the importance of seeing purpose in using computers in teaching, and having concrete and grade-specific integration ideas. Also, first-order or extrinsic incentives motivated participants before second-order or intrinsic incentives, while first-order barriers tended to mask second-order barriers. Using technology seemed to foster more constructivist role indicators in at least one participant.
Information needs and information seeking patterns of medical students at Lautech, Ogbomoso

A survey was conducted to investigate the information needs and information seeking patterns of medical students at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (Lautech) Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. 54 questionnaires were sent out to medical students for compilation of data for this survey out of which 53 or 98% were received and analysed. The survey revealed that 70% respondents spent 3–8 hours in the Library to consult books that are relevant to their areas of specialisation, and 68% of this category approach Lautech Library staff for various assistance in the course of searching for books of their choice. All of the sample agreed that the Library staff are always willing to assist. Various suggestions were made by the respondents for the improvement of the Library and staff alike.
What Do Mature Phenomena Reveal about Grammaticalization Processes? (Ö. Dahl, The Growth and Maintenance of Linguistic Complexity )

One major attempt of Dahl's book is to present the genesis and growth of linguistic complexity.1 It is a well-known fact that linguistic phenomena have life cycles in the sense that they pass through a number of successive stages, during which the complexity of a language is usually added. Dahl uses the term "mature" to refer to those linguistic phenomena that have passed through these life cycles. Moreover, some factors that give rise to mature linguistic phenomena are discussed, particularly in Chapters 7 and 8. Further, not only is Dahl interested in studying the manner in which mature linguistic phenomena and therefore complexity of a language-arise but he is also interested in investigating the manner in which these complexities are preserved. Hence, this book, as its title indicates, also aims at answering questions of how
Monte Carlo Simulation Study: the effects of double- patterning versus single-patterning on the line-edge- roughness (LER) in FDSOI Tri-gate MOSFETs

A Monte Carlo (MC) simulation study has been done in order to investigate the effects of line- edge-roughness (LER) induced by either 1P1E (single-patterning and single-etching) or 2P2E (double-patterning and double-etching) on fully- depleted silicon-on-insulator (FDSOI) tri-gate metal- oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). Three parameters for characterizing the LER profile (i.e., root-mean square deviation (σ), correlation length (ζ), and fractal dimension (D)) are extracted from the image-processed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image for each photolithography method. It is experimentally verified that two parameters (i.e., σ and D) are almost the same in each case, but the correlation length in the 2P2E case is longer than that in the 1P1E case. The 2P2E-LER- induced VTH variation in FDSOI tri-gate MOSFETs is smaller than the 1P1E-LER-induced VTH variation. The total random variation in VTH, however, is very dependent on the other major random variation sources, such as random dopant fluctuation (RDF) and work-function variation (WFV).
40-Gbit/s ETDM Channel Technologies for Optical Transport Network

Abstract We review recent progress and the future of 40-Gbit/s electrical time division multiplexed (ETDM) channel technologies for the optical transport network (OTN), where optical technologies, including high-speed ETDM channel transmission and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), dramatically enhance network flexibility while reducing transport node cost as well as transmission cost. The 40 Gbit/s channel has recently been specified to be one of the optical channels in OTN. A new digital frame for the optical channels [optical channel transport unit (OTU)] was introduced for the network node interface of OTN in International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication (ITU-T) standard. The specified data bit rates are 2.7 Gbit/s (OTU1), 10.7 Gbit/s (OTU2), and 43.0 Gbit/s (OTU3). These OTU frames have additional overhead bytes that support the network management overhead for OTN and out-of-band forward error correcting (FEC) codes. We discuss the feasibility and impact of the OTU3 frame in terrestrial networks. A newly developed 43-Gbit/s OTN line terminal prototype that confirms the feasibility of 43-Gbit/s ETDM channels and the OTU3 management capability is discussed. As a guide to the evolution of OTN, modulation formats for 43Gbit/s-based DWDM transmission are described for long distance application with the total capacity over one terabit per second.
On the outage probability in single frequency networks for digital broadcasting

The new digital modulation schemes (OFDM) proposed for broadcasting of sound and television allow for the use of simulcasting, i.e., letting all transmitters in a radio network transmit on the same frequency. Such single-frequency networks (SFNs) have the potential of providing good coverage and very good frequency economy in wide-area (nationwide) applications. An OFDM-based SFN is analyzed with respect to its coverage properties. The network performance is measured by the outage probability and frequency economy. Both wide and local area systems are considered. Results show that in wide-area networks, very low outage probabilities may be achieved with very modest transmitter powers. The main reason for this is the inherent diversity, the efficiency is of which is primarily dependent on the transmitter density. However, in local area systems with only a few transmitters in each region, the performance is shown to drop drastically, mainly due to the low degree of diversity. This work implies that good network planning results in low-power, closely spaced transmitters. >
Teaching English and Task-Based Method

The present study amis to evalute the influence of task based learning strategies on Iranian EFL students writng and reading performance by proposing different frameworks. In order to study the influnce of task based activities on Iranian EFL students writing performnace, Willis’ Task Based Leaning model is proposed whereas, for asseement of the realationship between task based strategies and reading, Rooney’s (1998) model is applied. Accordingly, 50 EFL students who are studying at Kerman Azad Unversity are selecetd in order to attend this survey. A combination of qualititaive and quantitative survey are used for data colection and data analysis. Results of the present study reaveld that using task based staregy has a positive influence on EFL students writing and reading outcomes. In addition, applying task based strategies as a learnig meathod for EFL students helps them to solve some related problems and issues independtly during writing and reading tasks. At the same time, task based learning startegies will help students to improve their writing and reading competence.
Effectiveness of Graphical Components in Web Site E‐commerce Application – A Cultural Perspective

This paper aims to explore cultural issues that are likely influence business information systems and their graphical components in electronic commerce applications on web sites. Studying the cultural relativism of user interface design in implementing web‐based electronic commerce will provide guidelines for the global use of electronic business tools. The paper summarises recent work on implementation issues for the improvement of information system usage in a variety of system environments and web interface design issues, which should be designed to suit users on a global level. This paper attempts to illustrate requirements for graphical components and key issues in the globalized e‐commerce web site development. This paper also discusses examples of effective popular customer‐web site interfaces currently in use.
Teacher professional development for technology integration in a primary school learning community

Teacher professional development (TPD) can benefit teachers in classrooms. This study contributes to an understanding of TPD processes where there is sufficient technology integration through teacher participation in a school-based community. It assesses the effectiveness of TPD and its potential problems. Qualitative research methods are used to collect data during the instructional practice process and interactions among participants. The origins and outcomes of TPD-induced changes in technology integration are examined. Changes to teacher technology integration resulting from instructional observations, teacher self-reflection with little stress researcher coordination, and the principal’s support for innovative teaching. However, anxiety existed due to classroom observations. Moreover, teachers were not willing to provide comments to other teachers in ideas and practices of integrated teaching. The conclusions of this study can be a basis for future studies of TPD for technology integration and facilitate continuous development of teachers’ teaching ability. Additionally, arranging an adequate coordinator for a TPD professional learning community is recommended.
Sampling simulation of five sun synchronous orbit satellites' group and TRMM rainfall estimation using radar-AmeDAS composites

Sampling error of rainfall rate was estimated by using radar-AMeDAS composites in 5/spl deg//spl times/5/spl deg/ and 1/spl deg//spl times/1/spl deg/ grid box for five sun synchronous orbit satellites and TRMM. It was influenced by satellite altitude, swath width, local time. Sampling error caused by altitude ocuppied half of sampling error. It was discovered that sampling error depend on sampling period as period/sup - 1/2 /.
A High Precision Prediction Model Using Hybrid Grey Dynamic Model.

In this paper, we propose a new prediction analysis model which combines the first order one variable Grey differential equation Model (abbreviated as GM(1,1) model) from grey system theory and time series Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model from statistics theory. We abbreviate the combined GM(1,1) ARIMA model as ARGM(1,1) model. This combined model takes the advantage of high predictable power of GM(1,1) model and at the same time takes the advantage of the prediction power of ARIMA model. For prediction accuracy improvements, three-points average model is further applied to ARGM(1,1) model. We call the improved version as 3P-ARGM(1,1) model. In addition, Markov chain model from stochastic process theory to enhance the prediction power of 3P-ARGM(1,1) model. The generated model is called as M3P-ARGM(1,1) model. As an illustrative example, we use the statistical data recording the number of China's fixed telephone subscribers from 1989 to 2004 for a validation of the effectiveness of the M3P-ARGM(1,1) model.
Perturbation analysis of multiclass queueing systems with admission control

A service facility with multiple customer classes is considered. Each class forms an independent Poisson arrival process with admission controlled by a threshold parameter, and is characterized by a general service time distribution. Gradient estimators for performance measures of this class of systems are derived using perturbation analysis techniques. The approach is based on exploiting alternative sample path representations of generalized semi-Markov process models of the systems, such that the resulting sample functions are continuous with respect to parameters of interest. <<ETX>>
Direct association and sentence processing: A reply to gorrell and to Gibson and Hickok

Abstract Papers by Gorrell and by Gibson and Hickok in this issue question Pickering and Barry's (1991) arguments against empty categories in sentence processing. This reply disputes Gorrell's claims that Pickering and Barry's (PB's) interpretation of the data is inadequate, and, in agreement with Gibson and Hickok, reinforces the arguments that the gap location is irrelevant to the formation of an unbounded dependency. However, it accepts that it is possible to provide “predictive” accounts where a gap can be postulated before the gap location is reached. But any such proposal is likely to be more complicated and less natural than PB's, since there is no processing reason to assume the reality of gaps. In order to demonstrate the naturalness of the gap-free account, this reply next shows how PB's proposals can be modelled in an approach to incremental processing based on a version of flexible categorial grammar, and how the differential complexity of various recursive constructions can be accounted for.
Impulse Response of Cross-Phase Modulation Filters in Multi-span Transmission Systems with Dispersion Compensation

As shown by Chianget al.(1996), cross-phase modulation on each channel of a wavelength-division-multiplexed transmission system can be viewed as a phase modulation, where the modulating signal is the sum of the input intensities of all the other copropagating channels, each filtered by a low-pass filter, whose bandwidth decreases with the walk-off parameter. We give an explicit expression of the impulse response of such filter in the general case of dispersion mapped transmission systems. We show by simulation that this filter, in intensity-modulated transmission systems, gives an optimal prediction of the signal phase even when the underlying assumption of negligible envelope distortion upon which its derivation is based is strongly violated. As an application, we show an analytical evaluation of the spectral broadening induced by XPM in multi-span compensated systems.
Ultra High-Speed and Low-Power Flexible Architecture using State Transition Matrix Model for EPC Gen-2 Communication Protocol Processor

Abstract In modern electronics, communication between systems is progressing towards wireless technology [1]. The rapid adaptation of the Wi-Fi technology across the world is a good example of the trends to come [2]. The IEEE 802.11 protocol [3], with its different layers of communication (information transfer), is obviously not ideal for applications that are time and energy sensitive. The EPCglobal Class-1 Generation-2 Protocol [4] (adapted by the International Organization for standards as the ISO 18000-6 [5]) is an impressive alternative that is slowly gaining global recognition as not just an RFID protocol, as it was primarily intended for, but as a front-end (communication link) for several identification and sensor applications [6]. This paper reports the design of a low-power processor specific for the Gen-2 instruction set with high emphasis on speed optimization at low power consumption. A novel approach in processor design as an asynchronous state machine is introduced, making the architecture extremely flexible and adaptable to changes in the protocol. Given that the full Gen-2 state transition matrix is available with direct linkage to the published standard, changes in the protocol can be directly effected through this matrix. Thus, the generation or the original and updated VLSI chips with the design flow disclosed is simply a matter of using the original or updated matrix. The design of the processor from a hardware description language (VHDL) level makes the final implementation possible either as an ASIC or on a suitable FPGA. The ASIC design flow is considered in this paper reporting the three fundamental characteristics—speed, power and area, of the post layout design. Industry standard Mentor Graphics ModelSim SE, Synopsys Design Compiler and Cadence Encounter are used in this research.