Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparative report of hearing-impaired young people’s experiences of receiving Sex and Relationships Education

This study investigates the literature around Sex and Relationships Education (SRE) for deaf pupils in UK schools. It has been noted in the literature that deaf pupils are at a possible disadvantage to their hearing peers during this subject and thus there is a risk to their well-being and sexual health if not provided with adequate support and equipped with the full knowledge of sexual health education. This study uses a focus group with deaf young people to determine their experiences of SRE at school and to gain an overall insight into their perception of the support and knowledge they received. Telephone interviews with two mainstream schools are also used to gain a balanced insight into the support schools provide to their deaf pupils during SRE in order to make a comprehensive comparison between the two samples. The data findings are presented and discussed in comparison to the literature review findings; they are then summed up in a final conclusion along with suggested recommendations for future research and possible implementations within practice. The results show that on the whole, the schools do provide adequate support to their deaf pupils during SRE lessons, although resources and teaching methods are not necessarily the most suited to deaf pupils’ specific learning styles. The schools could improve this by using more specific deaf-friendly resources of a highly visual nature and bringing in more deaf role models into the resources and teaching staff quota. Similarly, the responses from the focus group are a close resemblance to the literature recommendations and support the findings of many professionals’ research and perspectives.
Assessment of the Relative Yielding Abilities and Stability of Maize (Zea mays L) Genotypes under Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilization across Two Agro- Ecological Zones in Ghana

Farmers" adoption of hybrid varieties would reduce the large discrepancy between current low yields and achievable yields reported by researchers in yield evaluation trials. This is because hybrids wield superior genetic potential over improved open pollinated varieties (OPVs) and local varieties due their heterozygosity which explains their exhibition of high heterosis in yield and general performance. The current low yield necessitated the need to undertake this study to assess the relative yielding potentials of 3 hybrid varieties, 5 OPVs, 1 local variety and 4 inbred lines under three levels of Nitrogen fertilization in forest and transitional ecological zones in the Ashanti region of Ghana. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant interactions for genotype by location (G x L), genotype by nitrogen (G x N) and genotype by nitrogen and by location (G x N x L) for grain yield. Averaged across test environments (i.e. location by nitrogen levels), "Mamaba", a Quality Protein Maize (QPM) hybrid recorded the highest mean grain yield of 4.73 t ha -1 whilst the highest yielding OPV, Golden Jubilee, recorded 2.91 t ha -1 ;"Entry 5", the highest yielding inbred line however recorded grain yield of 0.72 t ha -1 . GGE biplot analysis for mean yield also showed that hybrids had better yielding abilities than OPVs under both low and high nitrogen fertilization and at different environments. In order to bridge the gap between the current low yields and achievable yields in Ghana, farmers would need hybrid seeds together with adequate levels of fertilizers.
The South Asian Summer Monsoon and Its Relationship with ENSO in the IPCC AR4 Simulations

Abstract In this paper the extensive integrations produced for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) are used to examine the relationship between ENSO and monsoons at interannual and decadal time scales. The study begins with an analysis of the monsoon simulation in the twentieth-century integrations. Six of the 18 models were found to have a reasonably realistic representation of monsoon precipitation climatology. For each of these six models SST and anomalous precipitation evolution along the equatorial Pacific during El Nino events display considerable differences when compared to observations. Out of these six models only four [Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Climate Model versions 2.0 and 2.1 (GFDL_CM_2.0 and GFDL_CM_2.1), Meteorological Research Institute (MRI) model, and Max Planck Institute ECHAM5 (MPI_ECHAM5)] exhibit a robust ENSO–monsoon contemporaneous teleconnection, including the known inverse relationship between ENSO and rainfall variatio.
Internal jugular vein stenosis induced intracranial hypertension can be resolved by stenting

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by abnormally elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) without identifiable etiology. Recently, however, a subset of patients with presumed IIH have been found with isolated internal jugular vein (IJV) stenosis in the absence of intracranial abnormalities. A cc ep te d A rt ic le This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Methods: Fifteen consecutive patients were screened from 46 patients suspected as IIH and were finally confirmed as isolated IJV stenosis. The stenotic IJV was corrected with stenting when a trans-stenotic mean pressure gradient (∆MPG) was equal or higher than 5.44 cmH2O. Dynamic MRV/CTV/DSA of IJV, ∆MPG, ICP, Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) and Frisén papilledema grade (FPG) score before and after stenting were compared. Results: All the stenotic IJVs were corrected by stenting. ∆MPG decreased and the abnormal collateral veins disappeared or shrank immediately. Headache, tinnitus, papilledema and ICP were significantly ameliorated at 14 ± 3 days of follow-up (all p < 0.01). At 12 ± 5.6 months of outpatient follow-up, headache disappeared in 14 out of 15 patients (93.3%), visual impairments were recovered in 10 from 12 patients (83.3%) and tinnitus resolved 10 out of 11 patients (90.9%). In 12 out of 15 cases, the FPG scores declined to 1 (0-2). The stented IJVs in all 15 patients kept to sufficient blood flows on CTV follow-up with stenting related adverse events. A cc ep te d A rt ic le This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Conclusions: Non-thrombotic IJV stenosis may be a potential etiology of IIH. Stenting seems to be a promising option to address the issue of intracranial hypertension from etiological level, particularly after medical treatment failure.
Interjections in Shakespeare’s "Hamlet" and their Polish translations

The present paper aims at investigating the problem of translating interjections from English into Polish. William Shakespeare’s Hamlet and its Polish translations by J. Paszkowski (1961), M. S ł omczy ń ski (1978), and S. Bara ń czak (1990) are chosen as the corpus for the present study. The analysis of the translations of the original English interjections will reveal the translational strategies followed by the trans-lators. The ﬁ rst part of the paper is devoted to a short discussion concerning the de ﬁ nition and taxonomy of interjections. Next, the problem of the role interjections play in drama is discussed on the basis of the specialist literature. Finally, different translation strategies are presented followed by the analysis of the corpus material.
OPEN BADGES IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Open Badges is an open source code concept developed by the Mozilla Foundation to identify the learner's knowledge and skills and to display them in a modern way. Although the concept was originally meant to display informal learning, it can also be applied to formal education. Indicating competences electronically makes it possible to display competences for which traditional certificates are unsuitable. It also enables completely new features such as a restricted validity period for a certificate. The Open Badge concept also can make education marketing more effective, and it might be thought as a future solution for identifying competences acquired earlier when moving from one study level to another. The Master Studies in Mathematical Information Technology at the Kokkola University Consortium Chydenius participates in the Open Badge Factory project consortium launched in 2014. The consortium is developing an application that will enable the creation, management and issuance of skill badges in accordance with the Open Badge concept. The consortium is also piloting the application and the Open Badge concept in connection with higher education. This paper briefly describes the Open Badge concept and introduces the OBF project consortium. Above all, the paper highlights the observations and challenges that emerged in piloting that took place in a higher education institution.
Repeated administration of different hormonal preparations for artificial propagation and their effects on reproduction, survival and blood biochemistry profiles of female tench ( Tinca tinca L.)

The aim of the study was to compare physiological statuses of stripped and not stripped tench females with ovulation induced by GnRHa or carp pituitary extract (CPE). The comparison was based on selected biochemical stress indices (cortisol, glucose), condition (TP, TGA), and cell membrane characteristics (ALT, AST, CK). In the first and in the second year, 37 and 29 tench females were monitored, respectively. No differences in the values of biochemical parameters in either period were found between the two groups of stripped female tench whose ovulation was induced by GnRHa and CPE, respectively. No significant differences in TP, TGA, ALT, AST and CK values were found between the groups of stripped and not stripped females with ovulation induced by GnRHa or CPE. Different values were found in stress indices, specifically in glucose concentrations. A significant increase ( P < 0.01) in glucose concentrations was found in tench females immediately after stripping and, in not stripped females, about 48 hrs after ovulation induction. Both artificial stripping and the inability to release eggs are important stress factors for female tench.
Introducing Students to Ways of Thinking and Acting Like a Researcher: A Case Study of Research-led Education in the Sciences

The concept of research-led education is gaining increasing attention in higher education. However, the concept may be interpreted in different ways, some more feasible within an undergraduate curriculum than others. The approach described in this paper aims to introduce students to ways of thinking and acting like a researcher through engaging in research-like activities during lectures, tutorials, practical sessions, and assessment. This case study models an approach to research-led education that involves identifying key research skills, then designing learning activities that encourage the development of those skills, such as collecting small amounts of data in laboratories, using data analysis, and writing weekly practical exercises and reports; presenting findings to peers; interpreting and writing results and conclusions to accompany data drawn from the research literature; exploring the literature in a research field and finding gaps in the research; and producing a mock research grant application. We conclude that this approach to research-led education can be integrated into the general undergraduate curriculum with relative ease.
Adsorption and Photocatalytic Kinetics of Visible-Light Response N-Doped TiO2 Nanocatalyst for Indoor Acetaldehyde Removal under Dark and Light Conditions

Understanding the removal nature of the indoor volatile organic compounds under realistic environment conditions would give clear guidance for the development of air purification devices. The study investigated the removal of indoor acetaldehyde using visible-light-responsive N-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) photocatalyst under visible-light irradiation (light) and in the absence of light (dark). The adsorption kinetics of acetaldehyde onto N-TiO2 followed a pseudo-second-order model. The magnitude of acetaldehyde adsorption is proportional to temperature, and the results were fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model. Moreover, the effect of initial acetaldehyde concentration and visible-light intensity on the photooxidation of acetaldehyde was well described by the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. Results show that the mesoporous N-TiO2 catalyst had a high ability to absorb acetaldehyde in the dark condition, and then acetaldehyde was subsequently photooxidized under visible-light irradiation. The adsorption capacity was found to increase with decreasing temperature. The negative value of ° and the positive value of ° indicate that the adsorption of acetaldehyde onto N-TiO2 was a spontaneous process. Finally, a reaction scheme for removal process of indoor acetaldehyde by N-TiO2 was proposed.
ANNA YLINEN NITROGEN REMOVAL FROM MINING WASTEWATERS IN BIOREACTORS

TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering Degree Programme in Biotechnology YLINEN, ANNA: Nitrogen removal from mining wastewaters in bioreactors Master of Science Thesis, 66 pages, 4 Appendix pages May 2013 Major subject: Environmental Biotechnology Examiner: Professor Jaakko Puhakka
Twin Deficits, Openness and the Business Cycle

In this paper, we study the co-movement of the government budget balance and the trade balance at business cycle frequencies. In a sample of 10 OECD countries we find that the correlation of the two time series is negative, but less so in more open economies. Moreover, for the US the cross-correlation function is S-shaped. We analyze these regularities taking the perspective of international business cycle theory. First, we show that a standard model delivers predictions broadly in line with the evidence. Second, we show that conditional on spending shocks the model predicts a perfect correlation of the budget balance and the trade balance. Yet, the effect of spending shocks on the trade balance is contained if an economy is not very open to trade.
Monotonicity of eigenvalues of geometric operaters along the Ricci-Bourguignon flow

In this paper, we study monotonicity of eigenvalues of Laplacian-type operator $-\Delta+cR$, where $c$ is a constant, along the Ricci-Bourguignon flow. For $c\neq0$, We derive monotonicity of the lowest eigenvalue of Laplacian-type operator $-\Delta+cR$ which generalizes some results of Cao \cite{Cao2007}. For $c=0$, We derive monotonicity of the first eigenvalue of Laplacian which generalizes some results of Ma \cite{Ma2006}. Moreover, we prove that when $(M_{3}, g_{0})$ is a closed three manifold with positive Ricci curvature, the eigenvalue of the Laplacian diverges as $t \rightarrow T$ on a limited maximal time in terval $[0, T)$, which generalizes some results of Cerbo and Fabrizio \cite{Fabrizio2007}.
Self-Inflicted Unemployment Scarring and Stigma∗

Long-term scars of unemployment include higher ex-post displacement and lower re-employment likelihoods, as well as income losses that increase in occurrence and duration of previous unemployment spells. Human capital explanations assume that its accumulation is valued by the market, but is impaired by non-employment. We retain the former assumption, yet relax the latter by considering continuous investment decisions made by workers across employment statuses, where wages, as well as likelihood and duration of unemployment spells are capital-dependent. We calculate analytically the joint optimal investment by the employed and the unemployed. We structurally estimate the model using NLSY79 data and identify two dynamically stable steady-state values with a lower one for the unemployed. Circular dynamics follow whereby human capital optimally falls during unemployment spells and increases again upon re-employment. Scarring and stigma are thus self-inflicted, i.e. endogenously induced through decisions made by agents only. A counter-factual exercise allows to gauge and confirm the importance of employment risks hedging in total demand for human capital and that of moral hazard issues in the design of UIB programs. We also show that status-dependent accumulation technology and capital specificity complement, but are not required for scarring and stigma. Keywords— Human capital; Unemployment; Duration dependence; unemployment stigma and scarring; Displacement; Re-employment probability; Simulated Moments Estimation. JEL classification— J24, J64, J65
Effect of pretreatment with insulin on ovarian and fertility response in true anestrous buffaloes to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a pretreatment with insulin on ovarian and fertility response in true anestrous buffaloes with to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Eighteen buffaloes with inactive ovaries were randomly allocated into three groups: Group-I treated with GnRH (G1, n=6) where each buffalo received an intramuscular injection of 20 μg of Buseralin acetate (Day 0); Group-II treated with insulin plus GnRH (G2, n=6) in which each buffalo received a subcutaneous injection of long acting bovine insulin at the dose rate of 0.25 IU/ kg bodyweight once daily for 3 consecutive days, followed by an intramuscular injection of 20 μg of Buseralin acetate on Day 4 ; and the control group (G3, n=6) in which each buffalo given an intramuscular injection of 2.5 ml of sterile saline on Day 0. In response to the treatment, estrus was 33.33% and 66.66% of the animals within 9.5±3.18 and 26.5±6.61 days from the start of the treatment, respectively, in G-1 and G-2; however, estrus was induced in none of the control animals. The conception rate at induced estrus was 100% in both the treatment groups. The mean serum progesterone (P 4 ) concentration was less than 1 ng/ml on day before the start of treatment, day 7, and 14 following the start of treatment in all
Cytologic Assessment of Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Immunocompromised Subjects in Maiduguri North Eastern, Nigeria

Immuno-suppression due to underlying disease states such as HIV/AIDS, immune-modulator therapy for the prevention of rejection in solid organ and hematopoietic cell transplantation and cancer therapies has lead to increase incidence of fungal infections (Libanore et al., 2002). Fungal infectio ns of the lung are among the most feared infections in im mune-compromised patients. Aspergillus is the most common ubiquitary opportunistic pathogen affec ting the lung (Bernhard et al., 2008). Aspergillus forms a genus of ubiquitous, dimorphic molds presen t in soil, various types of organic debris, water, indoor environment, and many other sites (Al-Alawi et al., 2005; Zmeili and Soubani, 2007). The study was a cross sectional and prospective study. Sevent y-seven (77) subjects made up of fifty (50) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive patients and Twenty-seven (27) HIV- negative patient from Direct Observed Treatment Shot course (DOTS) Clinic, Unive rsity of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. The sex distribution of Aspergillosis was highest in fe males in age group 21-30years and in males in age group 31-40years.
Dynamic Behavior of Elastically Tailored Rotating Blades Modeled as Pretwisted Thin-Walled Beams and Incorporating Adaptive Capabilities

A number of issues related with the vibrational behavior of rotating blades modeled as pretwisted thin-walled anisotropic beams, incorporating adaptive capabilities are addressed. The adaptive capabilities are provided by a system of piezoactuators bonded or embedded into the structure. Based on the converse piezoelectric eect and on the out-of-phase activation, boundary control moments are piezoelectrically induced at the beam tip. A feedback control law relating the induced bending moments with the kinematical response quantities appropriately selected is used, and its bene®cial eects, considered in conjunction with that of the beam anisotropy and structural pretwist upon the closed/open loop eigenvibration characteristics are highlighted.
Effect of pH on Chemical Components and Mechanical Properties of Thermally Modified Wood

To investigate the correlation between acidity and degradation during thermal treatment of wood, Cathay poplar ( Populus cathayana Rehd.) wood samples were impregnated with solutions of different pH values, which included disodium octoborate tetrahydrate (DOT, pH = 8.3), monoethanolamine (MEA, pH = 12), and four buffering solutions composed of boric acid and sodium hydroxide (BA/NaOH, pH = 6, 7, 8, 9). Samples were then heated for 4 h at 180, 200, and 2208deg;C, respectively. Bending MOR and MOE, mass losses, pH values, and percentages of lignin and hemicelluloses were subsequently determined in thermally modified samples and compared with control samples without pretreatment and/or thermal treatment. Results of the experiments indicated that DOT and buffering solutions decreased mass loss of thermally treated wood and increased bending MOR and MOE, whereas MEA pretreatment increased mass loss and showed comparable or even lower bending MOR and MOE than the untreated control with or without thermal treatments. Chemical analyses suggested that degradation of hemicelluloses was inhibited by DOT and BA/NaOH pretreatments within the temperature range 180-200°C, which may explain the mechanical property improvement.
Thermal state of permafrost in Russia

The results of the International Permafrost Association's International Polar Year Thermal State of Permafrost (TSP) project are presented based on field measurements from Russia during the IPY years (2007–09) and collected historical data. Most ground temperatures measured in existing and new boreholes show a substantial warming during the last 20 to 30 years. The magnitude of the warming varied with location, but was typically from 0.5°C to 2°C at the depth of zero annual amplitude. Thawing of Little Ice Age permafrost is ongoing at many locations. There are some indications that the late Holocene permafrost has begun to thaw at some undisturbed locations in northeastern Europe and northwest Siberia. Thawing of permafrost is most noticeable within the discontinuous permafrost domain. However, permafrost in Russia is also starting to thaw at some limited locations in the continuous permafrost zone. As a result, a northward displacement of the boundary between continuous and discontinuous permafrost zones was observed. This data set will serve as a baseline against which to measure changes of near‐surface permafrost temperatures and permafrost boundaries, to validate climate model scenarios, and for temperature reanalysis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EFFECT OF VERMIWASH AND VERMICOMPOST OF EUDRILUS EUGENIAE ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF LEAVES AND STEM OF BRINJAL PLANT (SOLANUM MELONGENA)

Vermiwash is an excellent organic liquid fertilizer which can be used as a foliar spray for protecting plants from insects and harmful diseases and in the root zone for the growth of plants. This study was conducted to find out the effect of vermicompost and vermiwash on the growth and development of leaves and shoot length of brinjal plants. Four combinations were prepared from vermicompost, vermiwash, dung and soil for comparative study. Different combinations such as soil and dung (500g+500g) as control, S+VC+VW (500g +500g+foliar spray on leaves daily not in roots), S+VC (500g+500g), S+VW (1kg+foliar spray on leaves and 200 ml in roots with water in 1:1 ratio daily) as test treatments (TR-1, TR-2 and TR-3) were made. Each treatment was carried out in triplicate to reduce the variations. Experiments were of four weeks. Mean shoot length of plants were observed 4.51±0.07 cm, 4.57±0.10 cm and 4.59±0.10 cm in TR-1, TR-2 and TR-3 treatments respectively, while in control only 4.23±0.08 cm growth was obtained. Hence it can be concluded that the effect of vermiwash and vermicompost on the growth and development of leaves and stem of brinjal plants is more significant in comparison to control (soil and dung only).