Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Out of Vocabulary Queries for Word Graph-based Keyword Spotting

This master thesis presents different approaches that aim to give a solution to the search of out of vocabulary queries in Keyword Spotting applications based on Word Graphs. Keyword Spotting refers to the problem of determining whether a given keyword is present in a collection of images. Typically, a score is computed for each keyword and line of each image, and pairs with a score surpassing a predetermined threshold are retrieved. This provides the user the ability to fine-tune the results of his/her searches. Keyword Spotting systems based on Word Graph provide very fast lookup speeds and accurate results, in comparison to other alternatives which operate at a character level. The improvement in the accuracy is achieved by using lexical information that can be extracted from many sources freely available, and not only the given training data in images and their transcripts. However, they suffer from the problem that a null score is assigned to any word that was not part of the training data (out of vocabulary keyword). Out of vocabulary words are an intrinsic problem of word-level language models and are present in many applications like Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), Handwriting Text Recognition (HTR) and also in Keyword Spotting (KWS), which is studied here applied to handwritten line images. This work contributes to the KWS field with different alternatives that enable a reasonable estimation of out of vocabulary keyword scores in Word Graph-based systems, providing the versatility that characterlevel models offer (being able to spot any keyword), without giving up on the benefits of using language models and the speed that Word Graphs provide. Alternatives are presented at different abstraction levels, which go from very fast searches with moderate accuracy, to a very accurate approach at the expense of slower search speeds.
New Approach for the Prevention of Preeclampsia

The etiology of preeclampsia is still unknown; however, many risk factors that compromise cardiovascular and endothelial function have been identified. Therefore, with this new approach it is possible to adopt intervention measures. In this review we have described and analyzed the pathophysiological events leading to endothelial dysfunction related to preeclampsia. In addition, preventive measures are proposed, including diet, healthy lifestyle, medical evaluation, controlled weight gain, calcium intake, low dose acetylsalicylic acid, adequate hydration and reasonable physical activity to complement the prevention plan.
Incidence of breast and nipple abnormalities among primigravid women in Sri Lanka

Objective To determine the incidence of breast and nipple abnormalities among primigravid women and their effects on lactation in Sri Lanka. Design Prospective descriptive survey. Method All primigravid women attending antenatal clinics of the university obstetric unit, giving informed consent, were recruited into the study. Their breasts were examined clinically and breast abnormalities noted. They were followed up until successful lactation was established. Results 956 mothers were examined. 768 had normal breasts and 188 abnormalities were noted. 725 completed the study. 72.5% established successful lactation. 80 had flat nipples of whom 52 completed the study. 44 flat nipples were corrected antenatally with exercises. All established lactation successfully. Other abnormalities included breast surgery, hypoplastic breasts or breast asymmetry. 9.8% of women with breast/nipple abnormalities failed to establish lactation. Conclusion Large majority (84.6%) of flat non protractile nipples are correctable with antenatal exercises.
Technology-Based Google Classroom In English Business Writing Class

In this 4.0 era, digital technology and information system technology have integrated with teaching media and tool. From previous studies,Google Classroom is one of technologies whichhas been implemented inScience, Social Science, and Engineering Departments of Higher Institution. Based on PEOU and PU, the resultsare satisfying. Unfortunately, there weren’t any studies that showwhether Google Classroom is also appropriate for Language Department. Therefore, a research was conducted in English Bussiness Writing Class of English Department Politeknik Negeri Padang. The research was carried out in 2A and 2Bwith 54 total number of students. The data was collected using fieldnote of observation, questionnaire, and interview. In this descriptive qualitative research, LMS feature was used as the indicator to analyze the collected data. The result is Google Classroom has caused efficiency and effectiveness in the process of teaching and learning of English Business Writing class. Thus, teacher’s creativity is needed, and the role of a teacher to decide the use of the technology in the class is really big. But overall, using this LMS in a writing class supports the paper-less program
Global stability of swept flow around a parabolic body: the neutral curve

The onset of transition in the leading-edge region of a swept blunt body depends crucially on the stability characteristics of the flow. Modelling this flow configuration by swept compressible flow around a parabolic body, a global approach is taken to extract pertinent stability information via a DNS-based iterative eigenvalue solver. Global modes combining features from boundary-layer and acoustic instabilities are presented. A parameter study, varying the spanwise disturbance wavenumber and the sweep Reynolds number, showed the existence of unstable boundary-layer and acoustic modes. The corresponding neutral curve displays two overlapping regions of exponential growth and two critical Reynolds numbers, one for boundary-layer instabilities and one for acoustic instabilities. The employed global approach establishes a first neutral curve, delineating stable from unstable parameter configurations, for the complex flow about a swept parabolic body with corresponding implications for swept leading-edge flow.
Comments on the PM Criteria Document

This paper has been prepared as part of the public commentary process on the second external review draft of the Particulate Matter Criteria Document (EPA, 2001). The Criteria Document was made available for public review on April 11, 2001, and there is a 90-day period during which anyone can submit comments on it. The Criteria Document is an important part of the regulatory process which will lead to the establishment of a new particulate matter standard, and is supposed to represent an impartial review of the scienti c literature. Most of our comments concern Chapter 6, \Epidemiology of Human Health E ects from Ambient Particulate Matter", though they are also relevant to Chapter 9,\Integrative Synthesis. ", to the extent that the latter chapter draws on material in the former. Where possible, we have tried to refer to speci c passages or pages in the Criteria Document, though our most serious reservations do not concern the way the document has treated individual papers that it has reviewed, so much as the overall approach that it has taken. Most of the published studies in this eld of research have demonstrated a positive association between increased levels of particulate air pollution and adverse human health outcomes (mortality and morbidity). However, there are many questions of scienti c interpretation that must be addressed before these studies can reasonably be said to justify tightened standards and increased regulation of ambient particulate matter. Many of these scienti c interpretation issues are of a statistical nature.
Managing Reported Operating Cash Flow: An Empirical Investigation of Fourth Quarter Working Capital Decreases and Benchmark Beating

A sliding device provides a binding-free apparatus suitable for trick and other riding on snow, sand, ice and other surfaces. An elongated deck to support the rider is elevated from and attached to an elongated runner, which provides a surface that slides on the snow, sand, etc. The runner may be made more narrow than the deck to provide leverage for the rider to tilt the device onto an edge of the runner to steer the device. The device may not have any defined front or back portion and thus be adapted for riding in either direction.
EXISTENCE AND ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR OF A UNIQUE SOLUTION TO A SINGULAR DIRICHLET BOUNDARY-VALUE PROBLEM WITH A CONVECTION TERM

In this article, we consider the problem −∆u = b(x)g(u) + λa(x)|∇u| + σ(x), u > 0, x ∈ Ω, u|∂Ω = 0 with λ ∈ R, q ∈ [0, 2] in a smooth bounded domain Ω of RN . The weight functions b, a, σ belong to Cα loc(Ω) satisfying b(x), a(x) > 0, σ(x) ≥ 0, x ∈ Ω, which may vanish or be singular on the boundary. g ∈ C1((0,∞), (0,∞)) satisfies limt→0+ g(t) =∞. Our results include the existence, uniqueness and the exact boundary asymptotic behavior and global asymptotic behavior of the solution.
Mayors’ Reelection Choice and the Economy: Evidence from Portugal

Using a data set that covers all Portuguese mainland municipalities for the period 1979-2005, this study performs an empirical analysis of the economic determinants of Mayors' choice to run for another term. The literature on the subject is mainly centered on the United States and, as far as we know, no papers are found addressing the economic factors of this choice. Probit panel estimations show that local economic conditions matter more than the national or regional economic environment. The results also confirm that political variables are important and that they influence the likelihood of seeking reelection in the same way as they affect vote and popularity functions.
PA-GAN: Improving GAN Training by Progressive Augmentation

Training of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) is notoriously fragile, requiring to maintain a careful balance between the generator and the discriminator in order to perform well. To mitigate this issue we introduce a new regularization technique - progressive augmentation of GANs (PA-GAN). The key idea is to gradually increase the task difficulty of the discriminator by progressively augmenting its input or feature space, thus enabling continuous learning of the generator. We show that the proposed progressive augmentation preserves the original GAN objective, does not compromise the discriminator's optimality and encourages a healthy competition between the generator and discriminator, leading to the better-performing generator. We experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of PA-GAN across different architectures and on multiple benchmarks for the image synthesis task, on average achieving ~3 point improvement of the FID score.
Anisotropic Pn tomography of Turkey and adjacent regions

SUMMARY This study presents an analysis of Pn traveltimes to determine lateral variations of velocity, anisotropy of uppermost mantle and crustal thickness beneath Turkey and adjacent regions. From 1999 to 2010, more than 50 000 Pn arrivals are compiled from 700 regional earthquakes and 832 stations of permanent and temporary networks operated in the study area. We used a regularized least-squares inversion to estimate the uppermost mantle parameters. The results reveal features that correlate well with the geology and the active tectonics of the region. Overall,thePnvelocitiesshowveryfast(>8.4kms –1 )andveryslow( 8.3 km s –1 ), western Black Sea Basin (>8.3 km s –1 ), Adriatic Sea (>8.3 km s –1 ) and Zagros Suture (>8.3 km s –1 ). Pn anisotropy has maximum amplitude of ±0.6 km s –1 in the study area. The largest and coherent anisotropic anomalies are observed in the western Anatolia, Aegean Sea and Cyprian Arc. Pn anisotropy in western Anatolia, Aegean Sea and Greece correlate well with the present deformation of N–S regional extension. No clear correlation between anisotropy and the shear deformation along the North Anatolian Fault was observed. The majority of the stations in central Anatolia show small station residuals indicating the average crustal thickness of 35 ± 2 km. Western Anatolia and the Aegean Sea have crustal thicknesses between 28 ± 2 and 33 ± 2 km. In Greece, the crustal thicknesses are increasing from 33 ± 3 km from the western coast to a maximum of 48 ± 3k m beneath Dinarides-Hellenides. The large crustal thicknesses are also observed along southern coast of Anatolia (40–48 km).
Double-Stenting of the Left Main Coronary Artery lesions: Safety, Clinical Outcome and Long Term Follow-up

This study aimed to assess the safety & medium/long-term outcome of using double-stenting strategy on left main (LM) stem for the treatment of significant suboptimal angiographic result after initial left main coronary artery (LMCA) stent implantation. Between August 2005 & June 2010, patients undergoing PCI with doublestenting of LMCA lesions comprised the study cohort. Baseline characteristics, EuroSCORE (I), lesions & stent characteristics and outcomes were analyzed. Thirty-eight patients were included in the study. Sixty-three percent were male, mean age of 73 years old, 37% were diabetic & 74% had unprotected LMCA stenting. Majority presented with acute coronary syndrome (57%) in which 7 (18%) had STEMI. They represented a high risk cohort with high EuroSCORE (l) (logistic 17.7 ± 19.1%, additive 8.2 ± 4.7). In addition, 32 (84%) patients had multi-vessels disease. Estimated left ventricular ejection fraction in the series was 54 ± 13%. Drug eluting stents were placed in all cases as the first stent (mean size 3.55 ± 0.28mm), 34 (89%) patients had bare metal stent as the second stent (mean size 4.15 ± 0.43mm). All stents were placed successfully. There was no in-hospital death. At one year, for those who survived, no patient required repeat PCI to LMCA lesion and non-target lesion revascularization was 16%. One-year survival was 87% & 82% by the end of second year. In conclusion, favorable outcomes were seen in this unselected series of patients undergoing double-stenting of LM stem lesions. The technique is safe and feasible, provides another option for treatment of severe LMCA disease with suboptimal initial stenting result.
Tibial intercondylar eminence fractures in children: The long-term perspective

a Children’s Surgery Department, Northern Hospital, 2055 Saint-Étienne cedex 2, France b Pediatric Rehabilitation Department, Bellevue Hospital, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 2, France c Orthopedic Surgery Department, Mutualistic Surgical Private Hospital, 3, rue Le-Verrier, 42100 Saint-Étienne, France d Pediatric Orthopedics Department, Lapeyronie Hospital, 371, avenue Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34295 Montpellier cedex 05, France
VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS Visceral Leishmaniasis Complicated By Secondary Bacterial Infections in Iraqi Kala-azar

INTRODUCTION: Leishmania infections are worldwide in distribution with major public health importance and considerable impact on their morbidity rate. Kala-azar which is caused by Leishmania infantum and of Mediterranean type endemic in Iraq (1,5) . The most common complications of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) leading to death including bleeding and bacterial superinfections, result from a decrease in blood elements due to leishmaniasis of the bone marrow and hypersplenism (6) . The present study is planned to investigate the secondary bacterial infections in patients with VL by cultivation and identification of bacteria isolated from blood, urine, stool and ear exudates and to find a suitable antimicrobial agents against the isolated microorganisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred fifty two specimens were collected from 63 hospitalized patients, their ages ranged from 4 months to 4 years. The specimens collected including blood, urine, stool and ear exudates from 63 out of 135 children whom they were diagnosed
Post-Crisis Recovery: When Does Increased Fiscal Discipline Work?

Emerging market financial crises during the late 1990s were marked by sudden withdrawals of funds by foreign creditors, resulting in production declines. The IMF favored positive signals to potential foreign creditors and initially recommended disciplined fiscal policy during the height of crisis, countering standard Keynesian recommendations of expansionary fiscal stimulus. This paper formulates an open-economy general equilibrium model for resolving this policy conundrum and analyzing the impact of disciplined fiscal policy on post-crisis recovery. The model demonstrates via simulations that disciplined fiscal policy will improve (worsen) post-crisis recovery in the presence (absence) of appropriately defined production flexibility.
Photochemistry and Photobiology of the Spore Photoproduct : A Fifty Year Journey

Fifty years ago, a new thymine dimer was discovered as the dominant DNA photolesion in UV irradiated bacterial spores [Donnellan, J. & Setlow R. (1965) Science, 149, 308–310], which was later named the spore photoproduct (SP). Formation of SP is due to the unique environment in the spore core that features low hydration levels favoring an A-DNA conformation, high levels of calcium dipicolinate that acts as a photosensitizer, and DNA saturation with small, acid-soluble proteins that alters DNA structure and reduces side reactions. In vitro studies reveal that any of these factors alone can promote SP formation; however, SP formation is usually accompanied by the production of other DNA photolesions. Therefore, the nearly exclusive SP formation in spores is due to the combined effects of these three factors. SP photoreaction is proved to occur via a unique H-atom transfer mechanism between the two involved thymine residues. Successful incorporation of SP into an oligonucleotide has been achieved via organic synthesis, which enables structural studies that reveal minor conformational changes in the SP-containing DNA. Here, we review the progress on SP photochemistry and photobiology in the past fifty years, which indicates a very rich SP photobiology that may exist beyond endospores.
Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus (CpMMV) infection and its effect to performance of South Korean soybean varieties.

Sutrisno, Kuswantoro H. 2016. Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus (CpMMV) infection and its effect to performance of South Korean soybean varieties. Biodiversitas 17: 129-133. Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus (CpMMV) is a very detrimental disease to soybean. This virus infection can cause yield reduction up to 56%. Introduction varieties can be served as alternative material in breeding program to develop resistant variety. This study aimed to evaluate the response of introduction soybean varieties from South Korea to the CpMMV infection. Ten South Korean soybean varieties and two check Indonesian soybean varieties were grown at ILETRI from August to November 2012. CpMMV infection was carried out by natural infection using whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) transmission. The results showed that the South Korean variety of Daemang-2 had lower leave malformation level than two Indonesian varieties. Varieties of Cheongja-3, Daemang, Daehwang, Daewon, Danweon, Geomjeong-3 Geonjeongsaeol produced grain yield that equal to Anjasmoro variety. Daepung was the most resistant to CpMMV than other varieties, but having low grain yield. Daemang-2 was the most tolerantÂ to CpMMV, because it still able to produce high grain yield although showing high leaf infection. These two varieties could be used as gene sources for resistant/tolerant to CpMMV in soybean breeding program.
The onset of fragmentation in binary liquid drop collisions

Abstract Binary collisions of drops of immiscible liquids are investigated experimentally at well-defined conditions of impact. In the experiments we vary all relevant properties of an aqueous and an oil phase, the impact parameter, the drop size and the relative velocity. The drops observed after the collisions exhibit three main phenomena: full encapsulation, head-on fragmentation, and off-centre fragmentation. The regimes characterized by these phenomena replace the ones observed in binary collisions of drops of the same liquid: coalescence, reflexive separation, and stretching separation. Our aim is a universal description of the two fragmentation thresholds of such collisions. Based on the capillary instability and an energy balance, we establish for head-on collisions a scaling law for the evolution of the threshold impact velocity with the properties of the liquids and the droplet size. The fragmentation threshold for off-centre collisions is compared to established models from the literature, which appear unsatisfactory. Introducing an effective impact parameter, which accounts empirically for the deformation and rotation of the drops upon impact, we describe this fragmentation threshold in a universal way. For both fragmentation thresholds, the agreement between experimental data and their theoretical representation is very good. Our work yields new insight into binary collisions of drops and proposes a perspective to develop a more general description with implications for binary collisions of drops of a single liquid as well.
The Role of Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence and Self-Efficacy in Decreasing Students’ Separation Anxiety Disorder

Background: teachers are as responsible for personal progress of children as parents are for their nurturing. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of EI and self-efficacy of teachers in reduced SAD of primary school students in Tehran. In other words, this study evaluates the effective role of teachers in reducing SAD in students. Methods: This study used a descriptive-correlational methodology. The sample consisted of 345 teachers and 280 students with SAD selected by stratified proportional to size sampling by Cochran formula. Bar-on’s EQ-i, Schwarzer’s GSE and evaluation forms were used to evaluate teachers; Espada’s CSAS and Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) were used to measure SAD in children. Finally, post-test was taken from students with SAD.Results: The results showed a significant positive correlation between EI and self-efficacy of teachers. On the other hand, EI and self-efficacy of teachers significantly influenced students, so that a significant difference was found in the pre-test and post-test scores of students. SAD significantly decreased in students. Conclusion: positive teacher-student interactions can reduce the symptoms of SAD in students. Thus, teaching profession is a serious responsibility which should not be considered only as a job.
Mechanism Design with Ambiguous Communication Devices

This paper considers mechanism design problems in environments with ambiguity-sensitive individuals. The novel idea is to introduce ambiguity in mechanisms so as to exploit the ambiguity sensitivity of individuals. Deliberate engineering of ambiguity, through ambiguous mediated communication, can allow (partial) implementation of social choice functions that are not incentive compatible with respect to prior beliefs. We provide a complete characterization of social choice functions partially implementable by ambiguous mechanisms.