Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of educational programs based on the theory of planned behavior to improve the oral health behavior of pregnant women attending urban health facilities Ashkhaneh city in 2014

Background & Objectives: The relationship between oral diseases and adverse outcomes of pregnancy demands more attention to oral hygiene for pregnant women. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of educational programs based on the theory of planned behavior to improving the oral health behavior of pregnant women attending urban health facilities Ashkhaneh city
The bat fauna of Lamanai, Belize: roosts and trophic roles

Thirty-six of the 70 species of bats known from Belize were recorded from the area around Lamanai, Orange Walk County: two in roosts and 34 in about 680 mist net hours that produced 560 captures. Day roosts used by 35 of the species were located using radio-tracking (Sturnira lilium, Platyrrhinus helleri, Centurio senex and Bauerus dubiaquercus) or general searching for roosts (Rhynchonycteris naso, Saccopteryx bilineata, Saccopteryx leptura, Dicli durus albus, Mimon bennettii, Micronycteris schmidtorum, Carollia brevicauda, Carollia perspicillata and Eptesicus furinalis). Data on the day roosts of 23 other species were determined from the literature. Most species reported from Lamanai (19) roosted in hollows, while others used foliage (6), tents (3), sheltered sites (2), crevices (2), open sites (1), and a few species used more than one type of day roost (hollows and crevices (1); hollows and foliage (1); hollows, foliage and tents (1)). The fauna consisted of 13 aerial foragers, 9 gleaners, 11 fruit/leaf eaters, one trawler, one flower-visitor and one blood-feeder. In day roost use and foraging behaviour, the Lamanai fauna did not differ significantly from that of Paracou, French Guiana, but both these locations differed from the bat fauna of Kruger National Park, South Africa, in foraging behaviour.
Occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. in wild animals living in the Cascavel city park, Paraná, Brazil Ocorrência de Cryptosporidium spp. em animais silvestres do Parque municipal de Cascavel, Paraná, Brasil

Digestive and respiratory tracts parasite’s protozoan, Cryptosporidium spp. now-a-days is a major zoonotic agent, it causes self-limiting diarrhea, remaining in the body passively until the moment immune system decreases, leading to an increase in its multiplication in the mucosa and appearance of clinical signs. As there are few studies on cryptosporidiosis in wild free-living and captive animals, especially in Brazil, this study aimed to identify the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. in feces of captive animals in Cascavel, PR Municipal Zoo. Between 2011 and 2012 there have been four collections of bird feces and five mammalian feces totaling 65 and 118 samples respectively. Samples were sent to the laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Federal University of Parana. The feces were diluted, centrifuged and the pellets were used to make blades which were stained by the Ziehl-Neelsen modified method and observed under a microscope with 1000X magnification. Then the blades containing the oocysts were observed under a capture microscope, where they were measured. Mammals showed 49.15% and birds 44.61% of positivity. Oocysts’ sizes ranged from 3,54μm to 5,81μm with an average of 4,32μm for birds and 3,11μm to 5,60μm averaging 4,63μm to mammals. As of yet, there isn’t effective treatment against this parasite and considering that it’s a zoonotic disease, preventive measures should be taken to prevent transmission to humans.
Hubble Space Telescope/Faint Object Spectrograph Imaging of Wolf 424 AB:Is This Binary a Double Brown Dwarf System?

The low‐mass binary system Wolf 424 AB (GJ 473 AB) was spatially resolved in an image obtained on 1996 April 16 with the imaging mode of the Hubble Space Telescope Faint Object Spectrograph. The separation was measured to be 0. ″42 ± 0 . ″03 at a position angle of 353. °2 ± 2 . °5. The new measurement was combined with previously published orbital positions to update the orbital elements and obtain an estimate of the total mass. Spectroscopy and photometry of these objects suggest they are nearly equal in mass. The derived orbital solution, using all of the observations since 1938 appropriately weighted, yields a total mass of m1 + m2 of 0.143 M⊙, and component masses of ∼0.07 M⊙, just under the theoretical limit for a brown dwarf. An alternate orbital solution derived solely from speckle observations since 1986 and the Faint Object Spectrograph image yields a total mass of 0.232 M⊙, placing both components well above the brown‐dwarf limit. The mass depends on the value for the semimajor axis, which is controlled in the latter solution by an optical speckle observation made near the last period of maximum separation. Further high‐resolution observations during the upcoming maximum separation, and through the next secondary maximum, are needed to constrain the orbit.
Does a routine post brush bronchial wash increase the yield in diagnosis of lung cancer

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in both men and women. 80% of the lung cancers are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 20% are small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is commonly used for diagnostic and staging purposes. Endoscopically visible abnormalities are approached with traditional biopsy forceps, brushings, and washings. Objectives were to assess the yield of bronchial washings, brush cytology and to compare the yield of pre and post brush bronchial washings. Methods: Patients with suspicion of lung cancer will be subjected to bronchoscopy using flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy. Multiple procedures performed for the retrieval of tissue samples will include bronchial washings (pre and post brushing), bronchial brushing and endobronchial biopsy. Results: A total of 57 cases were included in the study with 40 (70.2%) males and 17 females (29.8%). The yield of pre-brush bronchial washings, post brush bronchial washings and bronchial brushings were 31.6% (18 of 57), 31.6% (18 of 57) and 61.4% (35 of 57) respectively. Biopsy was positive for malignancy in 11 of 19 (58.2%) cases. Adenocarcinoma was the commonest type seen in 32 (56.1%) patients. Of the 27 cases with endobronchial growth 11 were adenocarcinoma (40.7%). Conclusions: There was no difference between the yield of pre-brush washing and post brush washing. The yield of brush cytology was significantly more than the yield of bronchial washings. There is an increase in the yield after adding both pre and post brush bronchial wash.
Perceived Views of Language Teachers on the Use of Needs Analysis in ESP Materials Writing

Needs analysis is generally believed to be important in ESP/EAP context because it enables practitioners and materials writers to find out about their real learners' needs. Therefore, this study is set out to investigate EFL teachers' beliefs and views about need analysis use and practices, specifically in the ESP/EAP tertiary context of the Sultanate of Oman. A group of (55) EFL teachers in 4 colleges participated in the study by responding to a questionnaire designed for the study’s purpose. The questionnaire was analyzed and percentages and frequencies were taken. The study concluded that needs analysis has to be encouraged and leaners' needs are of utmost importance ESP/EAP materials writing. The findings of this study showed that the vast majority of EFL teachers are in favour of using needs analysis as a basis for ESP/EAP materials writing and they believe that it is a significant factor in successful ESP materials development.
UV-Enhanced NaClO Oxidation of Nitric Oxide from Simulated Flue Gas

A wet de-NOx technique based on an UV-enhanced NaClO oxidation process was investigated for simulated flue gas of a diesel engine using a bench-scale reaction chamber. The effects of UV irradiation time, initial pH value, and available chlorine concentration of NaClO solution were studied, respectively. The results showed that when the UV irradiation time was 17.5 min and the initial pH value of NaClO solution was 6, NO removal efficiency of UV/NaClO solution was increased by 19.6% compared with that of NaClO solution. Meanwhile, when the available chlorine concentration of NaClO solution decreased from 0.1 wt% to 0.05 wt%, the enhancement in NO removal efficiency of UV/NaClO solution increased from 19.6% to 24%, compared with that of NaClO solution. The reaction pathways of NaClO solution photolysis and NO removal by UV/NaClO process were preliminarily discussed. The results suggested that HOCl might be the most active species that released many UV-induced photooxidants through photolysis reactions, which played an important role in NO removal process.
High-tech Clusters and Multinational Corporations: Subsidiaries in Political Games

High-tech Clusters and Multinational Corporations: Subsidiaries in Political Games Kristian Hegner Reinau Ph.D. Fellow and Fixed-Term Lecturer at Department of Development and Planning, Aalborg University. Year of enrolment 2006, expected final date summer 2011 Reinau@plan.aau. dk This paper explores the relationship between high-tech clusters and Multinational Corporations (MNCs). When MNCs enter high-tech R&D clusters through acquisitions of high-tech R&D companies, the outcome often is that an initial successful phase lasting some years after the acquisition is followed by a closure or a sale of the subsidiary. This tendency has for example been seen a number of times in the NorCOM wireless telecommunications cluster in Northern Jutland, Denmark. This article explores why this course of events occurs in high-tech R&D clusters. It is argued, using literature on MNCs as social constructions (Dorrenbacher & Geppert 2006), that it is necessary to investigate the socio-political underpinnings of MNCs empirically, if we are to understand how and why such change through time. MNC subsidiaries located in clusters are positioned between two worlds . One is the world within the MNC characterized by socio-political processes shaping the identities and behaviors of employees in the MNC. The other is the world within the cluster characterized by a buzz (Bathelt, Malmberg, & Maskell 2004), which shapes institutions, shared understandings etc. in the cluster. Both of these two worlds influence the dynamics within MNC subsidiaries located in clusters, and hence their evolution. To uncover the dynamics leading to the course of events described above, it is therefore necessary to investigate the socio-political processes occurring in an MNC subsidiary located between two such worlds empirically. A detailed case study of one such MNC subsidiary in the NorCOM wireless telecommunications cluster was therefore conducted. Detailed case studies are a methodology widely employed in the MNC literature treating MNCs as social constructions. The case study showed, that after the initial successful phase, employees in the subsidiary had to participate in political games about new work tasks and new competences, to claim a position within the MNC, and hence a raison d etre, and the study illuminates the dynamics of this political game in detail. JEL codes: F23, O19, O32 Kristian Hegner Reinau DRUID WINTER 2010 Aalborg University 1 High-tech Clusters and Multinational Corporations: Subsidiaries in Political Games Kristian Hegner Reinau Ph.D. Fellow and Fixed-Term Lecturer Department of Development and Planning Aalborg University Reinau@plan.aau. dk Paper for the DRUID-DIME Academy Winter Conference 2010 January 21 23, Rebild, Denmark
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri

Abstrak— Tangki septik adalah tempat yang digunakan untuk membuang dan mengumpulkan kotoran atau tinja manusia yang secara alami akan mengalami proses biodegradasi. Didalam tangki septik terdapat berbagai macam mikroba yang dapat mendegradasi kotoran atau tinja manusia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan dan mengkarakterisasi isolat bakteri aerob dari tangki septik. Proses isolasi bakteri diawali dengan pengenceran bertingkat dan didentifikasi berdasarkan sistem Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. Hasil didapatkan 3 isolat bakteri aerob yang mengarah pada genus Bacillus, Pseudomonas, dan Azotobacter. Pseudomonas merupakan gram negatif basil, Bacillus merupakan gram positif basil dan Azotobacter merupakan gram negatif kokus.
Comparative Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producers and Non-Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producers among Bacterial Isolates in Accra, Ghana

Antibiotic resistance may occur naturally but misuse of antibiotics in humans and animals is accelerating the process. One of the modes of resistant mechanism is the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) by the bacteria. ESBLs are plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases that are capable of hydrolysing penicillins, cephalosporin and several non-beta-lactam antibiotics. This laboratory-based study sought to compare the rate of antimicrobial resistance between ESBL and non-ESBL-producers in Accra. Four hundred K . pneumoniae and E . coli isolates were collected at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital and screened for ESBL and non-ESBL-producers using the combined disk method and Vitek 2 system. The minimal inhibition concentrations (MICs) for 17 commonly used antibiotics were determined using Vitek 2 System. The results indicated significant difference (P<0.05) between the antimicrobial resistance of ESBL-producers and non-ESBL producers except for amikacin and imipenem. The 198 non-ESBL phenotypes recorded relatively low antimicrobial resistance to cefotaxime 4(2%), ceftazidime 4(2%), nitrofurantoin 6(3%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 27(13.6%), gentamicin 34(17.2%) and ciprofloxacin 78(39.4%). In contrast, the 202 ESBL producers registered high antibiotic resistance to cefotaxime 197(97.5%), ceftazidime 175(86.6%), nitrofurantoin 94(46.5%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 64(31.7%), gentamicin 166(82.2%) and ciprofloxacin 161(79.7%). Cephalosporins and nitrofurantoin are suitable for the treatment of non-ESBL producers while imipenem and amikacin is the drug of choice for treating ESBL-producing infections. Evidence based antibiotic usage will help to control the spread of resistance by ESBL producers in Accra, Ghana. Also, there is the need to intensify research in the use of natural products to treat ESBL infections. Keywords : Extended spectrum beta-lactamase, Resistance, Bacteria, Antibiotics
On Stock Market Illiquidity and Real-Time GDP Growth

This study examines whether stock market illiquidity forecasts real UK GDP growth using data over the period 1989q1-2012q2. Apart from standard linear model specifications, we also utilize non-linear models, which allow for regime switching behavior in terms of a liquid versus an illiquid market regime and over the phases of the business cycle. Our findings support a statistically significant negative relationship between stock market illiquidity and future UK GDP growth over and above the usual control variables. This relationship is found to be stronger during periods of highly illiquid market conditions and weak economic growth. Our out-of-sample forecasting analysis indicates that a regime-switching model of illiquid versus liquid market conditions predicts UK growth better than any other model. Actually, this model is the only one to significantly outperform the GDP growth forecasts published in the Bank of England's Inflation Report.
Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Outcomes Among cART-Treated Adults in Botswana

Background—National initiatives offering NNRTI-based combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) have expanded in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The Tshepo study is the first clinical trial evaluating the long-term efficacy and tolerability of EFVvs. NVP-based cART among adults in Botswana. Methods—Three year randomized study (n = 650) using a 3×2×2 factorial design comparing efficacy and tolerability among: A: ZDV/3TC vs. ZDV/ddI vs. d4T/3TC; B: EFV vs. NVP, and C: Com-DOT vs. standard adherence strategies. This manuscript focuses on comparison B. Results—There was no significant difference by assigned NNRTI in time to virologic failure with resistance (log-rank p = 0.14), NVP vs. EFV risk ratio (RR) = 1.54 [0.86-2.70]. Rates of virologic failure with resistance were 9.6% NVP-treated [6.8-13.5] vs. 6.6% EFV-treated [4.2-10.0] at 3 years. Women receiving NVP-based cART trended towards higher virological failure rates when compared to EFV-treated women, Holm-corrected log-rank p = 0.072, NVP vs. EFV RR = 2.22 [0.94-5.00]. 139 patients had 176 treatment modifying toxicities, with shorter time to event in NVP-treated vs. EFV-treated, RR = 1.85 [1.20-2.86], log-rank p = 0.0002. Conclusions—Tshepo-treated patients had excellent overall immunologic and virologic outcomes, and no significant differences were observed by randomized NNRTI comparison. NVPtreated women trended towards higher virologic failure with resistance compared to EFV-treated women. NVP-treated adults had higher treatment modifying toxicity rates when compared to those receiving EFV. NVP-based cART can continue to be offered to women in SSA if routine safety monitoring chemistries are done and the potential risk of EFV-related teratogenicity is considered. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Richard G. Marlink, M.D., Harvard School of Public Health, 651 Huntington Avenue, 6th floorFXB, Boston, MA 02115, TEL: 617-432-4114, FAX: 617-432-4545, marlink@hsph.harvard. edu. NIH Public Access Author Manuscript AIDS. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 May 4. Published in final edited form as: AIDS. 2010 January ; 24(Suppl 1): S27–S36. doi:10.1097/01.aids. 0000366080.91192. 55. N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript
Bleaching effect on regeneration and resource translocation in the coral Oculina patagonica

Bleaching of corals is the result of the loss of their symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) and/or their pigments. The supply of photoassimilates provided by the zooxanthellae to the corals declines during bleaching and reduces their ability to activate energy-costly processes. In the present study we compared regeneration capabilities of unbleached Oculina patagonica colonies (an encrusting Mediterranean stony coral) with those of bleached and partly bleached colonies. Using the 14 C point-labelling technique on coral tissue, we examined possible intra-colonial translocation of photosynthetic products from the site of tissue labelling to recuperating lesions in partly bleached versus unbleached intact colonies. The percentage recovery of 2 cm 2 lesions inflicted on unbleached O. patagonica colonies was significantly higher than the percentage recovery of similar lesions within the bleached area of the partly bleached colonies. Totally bleached colonies showed no regeneration of lesions. Lesion regeneration in unbleached O. patagonica resulted in oriented intra-colonial translocation of 14 C products towards recuperating lesions located up to 4-5 cm away. In partly bleached colonies (40 to 80%), such translocation did not occur, probably explaining the reduced recovery rates of lesions in these colonies. Our findings suggest a bleaching threshold of ca. 30% within O. patagonica colonies that determines the levels of colony integration and intra-colonial translocation of resources to regions of maximal demand.
Characterization of sparsely long chain branched polycarbonate by a combination of solution, rheology and simulation methods

We characterize sparsely and randomly branched polycarbonate and fractions thereof by a combination of solution and rheological techniques, and we compare the observations with the results of Monte Carlo simulations as well as tube-based modeling. On-line coupling of size exclusion chromatography with intrinsic viscosity (SEC-IV) yields values for the viscosity branching index g', which deviate significantly from linear behavior above approximately 0.3 branches per chain. The experimental g' also follows closely the predictions for the geometric branching factor g calculated by Monte Carlo simulations of the polymer structure across the entire molar mass distribution (g=g'). The Monte Carlo simulations provide an explicit description of the molecular architectures present and can therefore in principle be used to test models suitable for sparsely branched polymers. Experimental dynamic moduli of unfractionated and fractionated samples are compared with predictions of a tube-based model recently published in van Ruymbeke et al. [J. Non-Newt. Fluid Mech. 128, 7-22 (2005b)]. When the model is calibrated for polydisperse linear polycarbonate, discrepancies between the predicted and measured dynamic moduli are clearly observed at levels well below the detection limit of branching by the SEC-IV coupling method. The comparison between observed and predicted moduli is therefore a very sensitive method for the detection of sparse long chain branching in poorly and moderately entangled polymers, of which polycarbonate is a good example. (c) 2006 The Society of Rheology.
The Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine as an Adjunct to Western Fertility Treatments for the Management of Female Infertility

Background: Traditional Western treatments for female infertility can take a costly toll on patients, both financially and emotionally. For patients undergoing such treatment, having the option of increasing likelihood of pregnancy via a treatment variation like Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that has few risks and side effects would be an important consideration. The purpose of this literature review is to assess the efficacy of TCM in the treatment of female infertility when used as an adjunct to traditional Western fertility treatments. Method: An exhaustive search of available medical literature was performed using Ovid-Medline, CINAHL, EBSCO, Alt-Health Watch, CAM Power Search, AcuTrials, and Google Scholar. Results were limited to metaanalyses and English-language. Meta-analyses that utilized a broad scope of TCM—defined as acupuncture and herbal medicine—that was used in adjunct with Western fertility treatment were included. The use of sham acupuncture was permitted. Results: Three meta-analyses met inclusion criteria. Two studies analyzed the use of Chinese herbal medication in adjunct to Western fertility treatment. One study analyzed the use of acupuncture in adjunct to Western fertility treatment, specifically in vitro fertilization (IVF). All studies reported an increase in the rate of pregnancy in the TCM treatment group versus control. Conclusion: The use of TCM as an adjunct treatment to Western fertility treatments may provide an increase in the rate of pregnancy when compared to the use of Western fertility treatments alone. Future research should focus on analyzing the combination of both acupuncture and Chinese herbal treatment together, and used in adjunct to Western fertility treatments.
Dietary Intake of Environmentally Persistent Plaguicides in the European Population

Maira Almeida-Gonzalez1, Luis D. Boada1, Manuel Zumbado1, Luis Alberto Henriquez-Hernandez1, Pilar F. Valeron2 and Octavio P. Luzardo1 1Toxicology Unit, Clinical Sciences Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Instituto Canario de Investigacion del Cancer, 2Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Instituto Canario de Investigacion del Cancer, Spain
What are the Links between Societal Piloting Performance, Management Control System and Competitive Advantage in the Tunisian Companies?

The focus of the current environment shows a complex, changing and uncertain environment. Placed today in such an environment, companies are forced to evaluate their opportunities and threats in terms of constraints. Therefore, they are required to monitor, collect and analyze information to adapt and react to its environment. Similarly, they are encouraged to implement sustainability into their strategy.