Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Serum and Pleural Fluid Levels of Cyfra-21-1 , Carcinoembryonic Antigen and Neuron Specific Enolase in Clinical Evaluation of Pleural Effusions for Malignancy

The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic potential of serum and pleural fluid determinations of Cyfra 21-1, CEA and NSE in clinical evaluation of pleural effusions for their possible malignant origin. Cyfra 21-1, CEA and NSE were quantified by radioimmuassay kits in sera and pleural fluid samples of 36 patients with malignant pleural effusions and 20 with benign ones. The mean serum and pleural levels of Cyfra 21-1 (13.65±29.03 and 41.16±31.91 ng/ml), CEA (25.19±43.43 and 51.51±92.11 ng/ml) and NSE (20.91±33.77 and 17.97±36.66 ng/ml) in the patients with malignant pleural effusions were significantly higher than those of the control group (Cyfra 21-1: 1.30±4.18 and 7.61±12.52 ng/ml; CEA: 2.94±3.96 and 2.63±1.7 ng/ml and NSE: 8.73±6.07 and 6.69±6.33 ng/ml). The sensitivities of pleural Cyfra 21-1, CEA and NSE determination in diagnosis of malignant effusions were 61.1 %, 50 % and 13.8 % respectively and those of serum levels were 52.7 %, 36.1 % and 25 % respectively. When they were analyzed together and associated with cytological examination, discriminative diagnostic potential increased. These results have demonstrated that determination of serum and pleural levels of Cyfra 21-1 and CEA together with cytological examination may help to reveal malignant origin of a pleural effusion. Archives of Lung: 2004; 5: 194-199.
Effects of over-expressing ethylene responsive transcription factor on expression of selected fruit ripening-related genes in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Mesocarp.

Gene expression is regulated mainly at the transcriptional level through binding of transcription factors to specific promoter regulatory elements. The expression profile of EgDREB, a transcription factor belonging to the AP2 family, was determined by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR and it was found that it was expressed at different stages of oil palm mesocarp development as well as in vegetative tissues (roots and leaves) but not in the mesocarp at the early ripening stage, which is 12 WAA (weeks after anthesis). Thus, the effects of over-expressing EgDREB on the transcriptional regulation of genes from five functional groups related to ripening were investigated in 12 WAA mesocarp of oil palm. Co-bombardment of 12 WAA mesocarp tissues with recombinant vector construct harbouring EgDREB and plasmid containing the GFP reporter gene was carried out. Fluorescent detection of GFP and verification via RT-PCR using GFP-specific primers enabled selection of successfully transformed tissues. Using transient expression assay, it was demonstrated that over-expression of EgDREB results in up-regulation of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) and type 2 metallothionein-like genes (MET2a and MET2b). These proteins are categorised under biogenesis of the cellular component and proteins with binding functions or cofactor requirements. More specifically, the roles of metallothioneins are in homeostasis of essential metal ions and oxidative stress response. This may suggest that EgDREB
Swelling‐induced changes in coal microstructure due to supercritical CO2 injection

Enhanced coalbed methane recovery and CO2 geostorage in coal seams are severely limited by permeability decrease caused by CO2 injection and associated coal matrix swelling. Typically, it is assumed that matrix swelling leads to coal cleat closure, and as a consequence, permeability is reduced. However, this assumption has not yet been directly observed. Using a novel in situ reservoir condition X‐ray microcomputed tomography flooding apparatus, for the first time we observed such microcleat closure induced by supercritical CO2 flooding in situ. Furthermore, fracturing of the mineral phase (embedded in the coal) was observed; this fracturing was induced by the internal swelling stress. We conclude that coal permeability is drastically reduced by cleat closure, which again is caused by coal matrix swelling, which again is caused by flooding with supercritical CO2.
Investigating bias in the application of curve fitting programs to atmospheric time series

Abstract. The decomposition of an atmospheric time series into its constituent parts is an essential tool for identifying and isolating variations of interest from a data set, and is widely used to obtain information about sources, sinks and trends in climatically important gases. Such procedures involve fitting appropriate mathematical functions to the data. However, it has been demonstrated that the application of such curve fitting procedures can introduce bias, and thus influence the scientific interpretation of the data sets. We investigate the potential for bias associated with the application of three curve fitting programs, known as HPspline, CCGCRV and STL, using multi-year records of CO2, CH4 and O3 data from three atmospheric monitoring field stations. These three curve fitting programs are widely used within the greenhouse gas measurement community to analyse atmospheric time series, but have not previously been compared extensively. The programs were rigorously tested for their ability to accurately represent the salient features of atmospheric time series, their ability to cope with outliers and gaps in the data, and for sensitivity to the values used for the input parameters needed for each program. We find that the programs can produce significantly different curve fits, and these curve fits can be dependent on the input parameters selected. There are notable differences between the results produced by the three programs for many of the decomposed components of the time series, such as the representation of seasonal cycle characteristics and the long-term (multi-year) growth rate. The programs also vary significantly in their response to gaps and outliers in the time series. Overall, we found that none of the three programs were superior, and that each program had its strengths and weaknesses. Thus, we provide a list of recommendations on the appropriate use of these three curve fitting programs for certain types of data sets, and for certain types of analyses and applications. In addition, we recommend that sensitivity tests are performed in any study using curve fitting programs, to ensure that results are not unduly influenced by the input smoothing parameters chosen. Our findings also have implications for previous studies that have relied on a single curve fitting program to interpret atmospheric time series measurements. This is demonstrated by using two other curve fitting programs to replicate work in Piao et al. (2008) on zero-crossing analyses of atmospheric CO2 seasonal cycles to investigate terrestrial biosphere changes. We highlight the importance of using more than one program, to ensure results are consistent, reproducible, and free from bias.
EFFECTS OF ANIMATION ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AND RETENTION IN BASIC ELECTRICITY AT TECHNICAL COLLEGE LEVEL IN BENUE STATE, NIGERIA

This study determined effects of animation on students’ achievement and retention in Basic Electricity at Technical Colleges in Benue State, Nigeria. The study adopted quasi-experimental research design; specifically the pre-test post-test non-equivalent control group experimental design. Students’ performance was obtained after being treated with animation instructional technique and conventional teaching method. There was no sampling as the population of the study comprised of all 82 Technical college one (TC 1) students offering Basic Electricity. The instrument used was Basic Electricity Achievement and Retention Test (BEART). Reliability testing of BEART was carried out with the use of test-retest technique and a reliability coefficient of 0.81 was obtained. Data collected were analyzed using mean and ANCOVA at . 05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that students taught with animation have higher achievement and retention in Basic Electricity than with conventional method. The findings imply that animation had a positive effect on students’ understanding of Basic Electricity. It is recommended that technical college teachers be equipped with necessary skills required to employ animation in teaching.
Taxonomy, Nomenclature, and Evolution of the Early Schubertellid Fusulinids

The types of the species belonging to the fusulinid genera Schubertella and Eoschubertella were examined from publications and type collections. Eoschubertella in general possesses all the features of Schubertella and therefore is a junior synonym of the latter. However, the concept of Eoschubertella best describes the genus Schubertina with its type species Schubertina curculi. Schubertina is closely related to the newly established genus Grovesella the concept of which is emended in this paper. Besides Schubertella, Schubertina, and Grovesella, the genera Mesoschubertella, Biwaella are reviewed and three new species, Grovesella nevadensis, Biwaella zhikalyaki, and Biwaella poletaevi, are described. The phylogenetic relationships of all Pennsylvanian—Cisuralian schubertellids are also proposed. Barrel-shaped Grovesella suggested being the very first schubertellid that appears sometimes in the middle—late Bashkirian time. In late Bashkirian it is then developed into ovoid to fusiform Schubertina. The latter genus gave rise into Schubertella in early Moscovian. First Fusiella derived from Schubertella in late Moscovian, Biwaella—in early Gzhelian and Boultonia—in late Gzhelian time. Genus Mesoschubertella also developed from Schubertella at least in Artinskian, but may be in late Sakmarian.
Lower left temporal-frontal connectivity characterizes expert and accurate performance: High-alpha T7-Fz connectivity as a marker of conscious processing during movement

The Theory of Reinvestment argues that conscious processing can impair motor performance. The present study tested the utility of left temporal-frontal cortical connectivity as a neurophysiological marker of movement specific conscious processing. Expert and novice golfers completed putts while temporal-frontal connectivity was computed using high alpha Inter Site Phase Clustering (ISPC) and then analyzed as a function of experience (experts versus novices), performance (holed versus missed putts), and pressure (low versus high). Existing evidence shows that left temporal to frontal connectivity is related to dispositional conscious processing and is sensitive to the amount of declarative knowledge acquired during learning. We found that T7-Fz ISPC, but not T8-Fz ISPC, was lower in experts than novices, and lower when putts were holed than missed. Accordingly, our findings provide additional evidence that communication between verbal/language and motor areas of the brain during preparation for action and its execution is associated with poor motor performance. Our findings validate high-alpha left temporal-frontal connectivity as a neurophysiological correlate of movement specific conscious processing
Characterization of CF4-plasma fluorinated HfO2 gate dielectrics with TaN metal gate

In this paper, fluorine incorporation into the HfO2 gate dielectrics by post CF4 plasma treatment was proposed to improve the electrical characterization. TaN–HfO2–p-Si capacitors were demonstrated in this work. The characteristics of fluorinated HfO2 gate dielectrics were improved, including the capacitance-voltage hysteresis and current-voltage behaviors. This may be attributed to the fluorine incorporated into the HfO2 gate dielectrics as revealed by secondary ion mass spectroscopy. Moreover, the formation of Hf-F bonding was observed through electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis spectra.
The VLA-COSMOS 3~GHz Large Project: AGN and host-galaxy properties out to z≲6

We explore the multiwavelength properties of AGN host galaxies for different classes of radio-selected AGN out to z ≲ 6 via a multiwavelength analysis of about 7700 radio sources in the COSMOS field. The sources were selected with the Very Large Array (VLA) at 3 GHz (10 cm) within the VLA–COSMOS 3 GHz Large Project, and cross-matched with multiwavelength ancillary data. This is the largest sample of high-redshift (z ≲ 6) radio sources with exquisite photometric coverage and redshift measurements available. We constructed a sample of moderate-to-high radiative luminosity AGN (HLAGN) via spectral energy distribution decomposition combined with standard X-ray and mid-infrared diagnostics. Within the remainder of the sample we further identified low-to-moderate radiative luminosity AGN (MLAGN) via excess in radio emission relative to the star formation rates in their host galaxies. We show that at each redshift our HLAGN havesystematically higher radiative luminosities than MLAGN and that their AGN power occurs predominantly in radiative form, while MLAGN display a substantial mechanical AGN luminosity component. We found significant differences in the host properties of the two AGN classes, as a function of redshift. At z 1.5, we observed a reversal in the behaviour of the stellar mass distributions with the HLAGN populating the higher stellar mass tail. We interpret this finding as a possible hint of the downsizing of galaxies hosting HLAGN, with the most massive galaxies triggering AGN activity earlier than less massive galaxies, and then fading to MLAGN at lower redshifts. Our conclusion is that HLAGN and MLAGN samples trace two distinct galaxy and AGN populations in a wide range of redshifts, possibly resembling the radio AGN types often referred to as radiative- and jet-mode (or high- and low-excitation), respectively, whose properties might depend on the different availability of cold gas supplies.
ANALISIS PENGARUH SEKTOR JASA DAN SEKTOR INDUSTRI TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PAJAK DI KOTA MANADO

Pembangunan ekonomi daerah khususnya Pemerintah Kota merupakan titik awal pelaksanaan pembangunan, sehingga daerah diharapkan bisa lebih mengetahui potensi dan apa yang menjadi kebutuhan daerahnya salah satunya peningkatan jumlah pajak melalui pengembangan sektor-sektor yang ada yakni sektor jasa dan sektor industry yang memberikan dampak yang baik. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh sektor jasa dan sektor industri terhadap pendapatan jumlah pajak Kota Manado. data yang di gunakan adalah jumlah pajak, sektor jasa dan sektor industri (data time series 10 Tahun terhitung dari Tahun 2006-2015). Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dan analisis tabel.Berdasakan hasil penelitian secara individu variabel sektor jasa memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap jumlah pajak, sementara untuk variabel sektor industri tidak memberikan dampak yang signifikan, dan secara parsial variabel sektor jasa dan sektor industri memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap jumlah pajak yang ada di Kota Manado.
Characterization of the lactation curve in Murciano-Granadina dairy goats

The lactation curve of Murciano-Granadina goats was studied by using records collected between 2004 and 2010 under its Official Dairy Recording program, which includes three milking control programs (Granada, Almeria and Cordoba). A total of 518,557 test-day records corresponding to 69,330 lactations by 38,039 does in 130 herds were included in the analyses. Different mathematical models were fitted, and average curves for region of production, parity, kidding season and type of kidding were estimated. A quadratic spline function gave the best fitting performance and provided a good description of the MurcianoGranadina lactation curve. All the factors studied affected both the scale of the lactation curve and its shape, with more distinct curves in first lactations, goats kidding in the summer and those producing singletons. When compared with later parities, first-parity does had a lower initial level of production, later and lower peak yield, and a smaller decline in milk production after the peak. Goats kidding in the Summer had a steep increase in milk yield up to the peak, which occurred earlier and with a higher yield than in other seasons, but seasonal effects differed slightly among regions. The lactation curve was flatter and with a later peak in goats producing single kids, and a steeper increase in yield up to the peak was observed as the number of kids increased.
Changes in the volatility level and structure of shares post single stock futures trading

The introduction of single stock futures to a market presents the opportunity to assess an individual company’s response to futures trading directly, in contrast to the market-wide impact obtained from index futures studies. The listed shares of thirty-eight South African companies were evaluated in terms of a possible volatility effect due to the initial trading of their respective single stock futures contacts. A GARCH(1,1) model established a volatility structure (pattern of behaviour) per company. Results, in general, showed a reduction in the level and changes in the structure of spot market volatility post single stock futures.
Evaluation of c677t and a1298c polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene as a maternal risk factor for trisomy 21 (a monocentric study)

Abstract Aim: To assess the risk for trisomy 21 in children, depending on the polymorphisms C677T and A1298C of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in mothers. Methods: For 93 mothers who have children with trisomy 21 and 202 mothers of healthy children (control group), genotyping of MTHFR polymorphisms C677T and A1298C was performed. Results: For each polymorphism, three genotypes were identified (normal homozygous, heterozygous and mutant homozygous). For the polymorphism C677T, the frequencies of the three genotypes (CC, CT and TT) were 50.5%, 40.8% and 8.6% in mothers of children with trisomy 21, versus 42.6%, 46% and 11.4% in mothers of healthy children, with no statistically significant differences. The frequency of the polymorphism A1298C was not statistically significant between the two groups for the genotype (AA) (48.4% vs 56.4%) or the genotype (AC) (39.8% vs 38.6%), but the genotype TT was more frequent in mothers of children with trisomy 21 (11.8% vs 4.9%; p = 0.033; OR = 2.57). Conclusion: Women with genotype CC for the polymorphism A1298C of the MTHFR gene have a 2.57 times higher risk of offspring with trisomy 21.
The Effects of School Feeding Programme on Enrolment and Performance of Public Elementary School Pupils in Osun State, Nigeria

The study assessed the School Feeding Programme of public elementary school pupils in Osun State, Nigeria. It wasdone with a view to determine its effects on school enrolment, retention, and academic performance of the pupils. Italso elicited the challenges encountered in the implementation of the programme. The study adopted the surveyresearch design and obtained its data from primary and secondary sources. The primary data were obtained through astructured questionnaire administered on116 respondents in 10 randomly selected public elementary schools in OsunState. The questionnaire was complemented by in-depth interview of 23 purposively selected officers involved in theimplementation and monitoring of the school feeding programme. The retrieved data were analysed using descriptivestatistics. The results showed that pupils are fed daily through the school feeding programme (87%), which is fundedthrough cost sharing between the State and local governments (78%). It was also found that the school feedingprogramme in Osun State has resulted in an increase in pupils’ enrolment (78.4%), retention (44.8%), as well asregularity (58.6%) and punctuality (69%) in school attendance. It has also enhanced the pupils’ performance incurricular and extracurricular activities (55.2%). The major challenges were found to be insufficient funding (62.2%),insufficient classrooms and furniture to cope with increase in enrolment (60.86%), heavy workload for teachers(60.86%) and lack of effective monitoring and evaluation system (60.86%). The study concluded that the SchoolFeeding Programme in Osun State has increased the enrolment and improved the performance of elementary schoolpupils in the state.
Diagrammatic Presentation for the Production of Gravitons and Supersymmetry

String experimentation has begun thanks to a novel laboratory technique that permitted the visualization of a D-brane (Tahan, 2011). Observations in experiments suggested that gravitons and related superparticles emerged due to the method. This manuscript describes the innovative technique diagrammatically. The method is shown to be useful for making particle predictions and for experimentation, particularly permitting nuclear and particle physics work including studies beyond the Standard Model to be performed on the lab bench.
Dynamic Financial Linkages of Japan and ASEAN Economies: An Application of Real Interest Parity

To examine the validity of real interest parity (RIP), this study provides empirical evidences concerning the dynamic linkages of real interest rates among ASEAN-5 and the mean reversion behaviors of real interest differentials of ASEAN-5.vis-a-vis Japan during the post liberalization era (1984-1997). The upshots of our findings are four-fold. First, there were co-movement of ASEAN real rates in the long run and dynamic causalities in the short run, which explicitly indicated a monetary inter-dependency among the ASEAN tigers. Second, most of the forecast error variance of real interest rates in own country can be attributed to other ASEAN-4’s innovations (more than 50%), which partly explain the contagion effects during Asia crisis 1997/98. Third, the real interest differentials are mean reverting over time, implying that RIP holds between Japan and ASEANs (except Singapore). Forth, the half-lives are reported at approximately 6 to 11 months, which reflect the considerably small deviations from RIP. All together, the findings constitute towards regional financial integration with the Japan’s leading role being confirmed. To great extent, this would support the recent proposal of Currency Union with Japanese Yen taken as common currency.
1 Simultaneous Enhancement of Strength and Ductility in Cryogenically Treated AISI D 2 Tool Steel

In this research, the effect of cryogenic treatment on microstructural evolution and mechanical properties enhancement of AISI D2 tool steel was investigated. Cryogenic treatment down to liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) was added to the conventional heat treatment between hardening and tempering steps. Electron microscopy investigation showed higher volume fraction of fine carbides with average diameter below 1μm indicating effective retardation in carbide coarsening process as a results of cryogenic treatment. A modification in types of carbides was also observed after cryogenic treatment. X-ray diffraction diagrams revealed transformation of retained austenite to martensite at cryogenic temperature. Weakening or removal of carbides peak in the X-ray diagram was considered as evidence of carbides different behavior at cryogenic temperature. Mechanical testing results indicated higher ultimate tensile strength, better ductility, and higher elastic modulus after cryogenic treatment. Analysis of stress-strain diagrams revealed different strain hardening behavior for cryogenically treated alloy when compared to the conventionally heat treated one. Fractography results confirmed strain hardening behavior and showed cleavage fracture for conventionally treated alloy but mixed cleavage ductile fracture mode for cryogenically treated alloy. The improved mechanical properties after cryogenic treatment are interpreted in terms of the influence of higher volume fraction and uniform distribution of fine carbides in reducing the average active dislocations length and enhancement of the flow stress at any given plastic strain. 1 Corresponding author: Prof. Mohammad Jahazi, E-mail: mohammad.jahazi@etsmtl.ca , Phone: 514 396-8974 Fax: 514 396-8530 Authors' accepted manuscript of the article published in Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 598 http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.msea. 2014.01. 065 © 2014. Made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 2