Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
University of Dundee During postnatal development endogenous neurosteroids influence GABAergic neurotransmission of mouse cortical neurons

As neuronal development progresses, GABAergic synaptic transmission undergoes a defined program of reconfiguration. For example, GABAA receptor (GABAAR)-mediated synaptic currents, (miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents; mIPSCs), which initially exhibit a relatively slow decay phase, become progressively reduced in duration, thereby supporting the temporal resolution required for mature network activity. Here we report that during postnatal development of cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons, GABAAR-mediated phasic inhibition is influenced by a resident neurosteroid tone, which wanes in the second postnatal week, resulting in the brief phasic events characteristic of mature neuronal signalling. Treatment of cortical slices with the immediate precursor of 5a-pregnan-3a-ol-20-one (5a3a), the GABAAR-inactive 5a-dihydroprogesterone, (5a-DHP), greatly prolonged the mIPSCs of P20 pyramidal neurons, demonstrating these more mature neurons retain the capacity to synthesize GABAAR-active neurosteroids, but now lack the endogenous steroid substrate. Previously, such developmental plasticity of phasic inhibition was ascribed to the expression of synaptic GABAARs incorporating the a1 subunit. However, the duration of mIPSCs recorded from L2/3 cortical neurons derived from a1 subunit deleted mice, were similarly under the developmental influence of a neurosteroid tone. In addition to principal cells, synaptic GABAARs of L2/3 interneurons were modulated by native neurosteroids in a developmentdependent manner. In summary, local neurosteroids influence synaptic transmission during a crucial period of cortical neurodevelopment, findings which may be of importance for establishing normal network connectivity. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
An Exploratory Study of Culture and Entrepreneurial Behaviour of Muslim Women Managers : What is Their Impact on Business Performance ? The Case of Morocco

This paper explores an under-investigated topic in the management sciences field, which is the relationship of cultural context, entrepreneurial behaviour and firm performance, especially about women in emerging contexts. This exploration was realised through a qualitative data analysis, from both documentary study and semi-directive interviews with a sample of Moroccan women managers. In fact, highlighting cultural factors remains important to best understand the women’s entrepreneurial behaviour and assess their firm performance. The findings of this exploratory study show that cultural impasses affect negatively the entrepreneurial behaviour of women managers, thus it has a negative influence on the firm performance. In conclusion, practical implications of this study are discussed to increase the companies’ awareness of the implementation of gender proactive policies, in order to ensure the Moroccan women’s empowerment.
Chapter 2 Characterization of Defects Evolution in Bulk SiC by Synchrotron X-Ray Imaging

Optimization of Silicon Carbide (SiC) bulk growth by physical vapor transport (PVT) has allowed commercial realization of SiC wafers with low defect density. Dislocated micropipes (MPs), known as the most killing defects in SiC devices, have been reduced to the density levels as low as 0.7–0.5 cm−2. However applications of SiC as a material for high-power electronics are still hampered. High-performance high-power electric systems require SiC devices capable of handling the current capacity of at least 100 A, which means that the MP density of SiC wafer should be less than 0.5 cm−2 [16]. Fabrication of such high quality wafers, in particular, in low cost is indispensable for manufacturing of high-current devices.
The Pennsylvania State University

A current surge in the small jet engine market requires compact and robust high-performance compressors. This thesis presents the design of a single-stage high-pressure ratio mixed-flow compressor with a prescribed maximum diameter in the (1-10) kg.s mass flow segment. Its compactness and reliability demonstrate its suitability in replacing a multistage axial compressor design in the small aero-engine segment with a high-performance envelope. A comprehensive background of mixed-flow stage design is provided based on historical developments since the 1940s. A high-pressure ratio demand necessitates supersonic rotor exit flow. The high-pressure ratio and small diameter requirements push the compressor toward a "highly-loaded" supersonic “shock-in rotor” design with a supersonic stator/diffuser. Hence, tandem stator configurations with two blade rows were investigated in the past to reduce blade loading for efficient diffusion. Even so, most of the previous stage designs were inefficient, due to the inability of stators to efficiently diffuse supersonic flow. Thus, this thesis implements a tandem design based on Quishi et al. [16]. A unique mean-line design procedure is presented based on the isentropic equations defined for a mixed-flow stage. Mass flow rate, stage total pressure ratio, and maximum diameter were chosen as the main design constraints, and a geometry construction technique based on Bezier curves was used. The advancement of multi-dimensional and viscous computational tools has improved accessibility to and reduced overall effort in the thorough analysis of complex turbomachinery designs. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to include all three dimensionality effects of the stage, viscous flow, and compressibility including the shock wave systems. The computational model employed was thoroughly assessed for its ability to predict compressor performance, as compared to existing well-established experimental data. The results from a RANS-based computational fluid dynamics model were compared to the experimental
Teachers' Engagement in and Practice of Continuous Professional Development: Factors Affecting CPD’s Implementation in Primary Schools

As knowledge is dynamic, what is new today becomes obsolete tomorrow which warrants the need to upgrade or update one‟s professional understanding of the field. The purposes of this study were twofold: unveiling the current status of continuous professional development (CPD) implementation and divulging those factors that affect teachers‟ engagement in the practice of CPD. Participants were selected purposefully from teachers, principals and supervisors, and data were collected using interviews, focus-group discussions, open-ended questionnaires and informal discussions. Using qualitative data analysis methods, major categories emerged. From the results it was found out that the status of CPD practice was not that much effective and all the stakeholders were hesitant about its effectiveness. Teachers engaged in CPD were not making the most effective use of it. They associated it with other issues often unrelated to the purposes of CPD. Emphasis on generic contents of training materials, lack of ownership, inconsistencies on its provision, disparity of knowledge among teachers, and supervisors and principals, and conceptual problems about CPD were among the identified factors that hindered its effective implementation. More importantly, the core owners, viz.; teachers, also seemed to have a gloomy picture of its effectiveness. Some possible interventions were suggested based on the findings.
PTC & B In vitro Mass Propagation of Cymbidium aloifolium ( L . )

Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. is an epiphytic orchid distributed locally in Bangladesh. Natural populations of this orchid are under threat due to its high commercial value in the floriculture industry by over exploitation. Mass propagation provides an alternative means of satisfying the demand. In this study, half strength of MS supplemented with BAP or different combinations with NAA was evaluated for seed germination and early protocorm development of C. aloifolium (L.) Sw. The maximum percentage of seed germination (98) was obtained on modified MS (half strength of micro and macro nutrients and full strength of vitamin) supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA after three weeks of culture. Maximum number of shoots (9.6 shoots per single shoot) were developed from shoot tip explants on half strength of MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA. The most effective auxin source promoting root production (3.2 roots per shoot) was 1.0 mg/l IBA in combination with 0.5 mg/l BAP. The seedlings were successfully acclimatized (survival percentage 99) in a nethouse using a rooting medium of crushed sterile brick, cocopit and charcoal (1 : 1 : 1 v/v).
Preparation Untraditional Burger by Using Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)

This study was designed to evaluate chemical composition of raw crayfish and crayfish burger as untraditional product of new and cheap animal protein to cross-gap in protein deficiency by using crayfish, which is considered as waste resource in Egypt. Physical and chemical properties were determined. It was found that yield of raw tail meat of raw crayfish was about 3.98g being 15% of total weight and it had a high amount of protein (81.13%) and pH value of raw crayfish recorded 7.87. On the other hand, crayfish burger recorded 60.27% of protein and 7.96 pH. Also, the present study showed that heavy metals concentration in raw crayfish and crayfish burger Lead, Zinc and Copper were in the permissible limits. While T.V. N levels were 12.95 and 12.5mg/100 g protein for raw crayfish and crayfish burger, respectively. Amino acids composition of crayfish and crayfish burger presence eight essential amino acids and seven non-essential amino acids. Total essential amino acids in raw crayfish were 46.61 % and total Non-essential amino acids were 53.38%. While, total essential amino acids in crayfish burger were 44.55% and total non-essential amino acids were 55.44%. WHC and plasticity were higher for crayfish burger than raw crayfish. Results of texture profile analysis showed that crayfish burger was acceptable as a high quality product. Total count of bacteria of raw crayfish (5.3× 103 cfu/g) is higher than that of crayfish burger (3.3×103 cfu/g). While, E coli and salmonella sp were not detected in both raw crayfish and crayfish burger samples. A sensory evaluation of crayfish burger showed that overall acceptability recorded 85.00 and crayfish burger was highly accepted for act as marketing product.
cucumerina extracts enhance glucose uptake and regulate adiponectin and leptin concentrations in 3 T 3L 1 adipocytes model

Trichosanthes cucumerina (Cucurbitaceae) commonly known as Snake gourd or Labu Ular is considered the largest genre in the Cucurbitaceae family and is mainly found in the southeast areas of Asia. It has been used in Ayurvedic medicine as a treatment for certain diseases such as Diabetes mellitus, but these acclaims lack scientific-based evidence. In this study, water and ethanol extracts of three parts of Trichosanthes cucumerina namely; whole vegetable, peels, and seeds, were assessed for toxicity through a cell viability assay using 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes model which revealed a maximum toleration concentration of 0.063 mg/mL. The extracts were further tested on adipocytes’ differentiation and positively showed a stimulation of lipid droplets formation during adipogenesis and significantly (p<0.001) increased glycerol release levels (75.34±3.69 μg/ml) during adipolysis. The extracts also significantly (p<0.001) promoted the uptake of glucose into the cells (2636.22±91.33 Bq) in an action similar to that of insulin. Similar results were observed during ELISA assay with a significant increase (p<0.001) in adiponectin concentrations (3593.1±225.25 ng/mL) and a decrease in leptin concentrations (23870±5066.07 pg/mL). The present study results indicate a beneficial effect of Trichosanthes cucumerina extracts on adipogenesis, adipolysis and glucose uptake, in addition to a regulation of adiponectin and leptin concentrations in 3T3-L1 adipocytes which can be of clinical importance in energy regulation which is a key factor in treating diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome.
Chapter 4 Optimal Insulin Delivery

Insulin therapy is only effective if it is delivered into the right tissue in the right way. Exogenous insulin is intended for the subcutaneous (SC) tissue, not the muscle or skin. If delivered into the latter, its absorption (pharmacokinetics (PK)) and action (pharmacodynamics (PD)) are unpredictable, which often leads to poor glucose control. Correct insulin therapy begins with matching the insulin to the site used. Typically, four sites are used for insulin injection or infusion: the abdomen lateral to the umbilicus all the way to the flanks, the anterior lateral upper half of the thigh, the deltoid region of the arm, and the upper outer quadrant of the buttocks. Regular insulin and neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) are both absorbed more rapidly from the arm and abdominal sites and more slowly from the thigh and buttocks. The newer insulin analogs, both rapidand slow-acting, do not appear to be influenced by the site used for injection. In order to avoid intramuscular (IM) injections, patients should use the shortest needles currently available (the 4-mm pen needle and the 6-mm syringe needle). Very young children should raise a skin fold and inject into it even when using the 4-mm needle. Giving injections with the 6-mm needle at a 45° angle converts this needle into the equivalent of the 4 mm. Injection sites should be rigorously rotated, with the new injection being approximately 1 cm from previous injections. This measure helps prevent the most common complication of injection therapy, lipohypertrophy (LH). Injecting into LH leads to unstable PK and PD and deregulated glucose control, manifested as unexpected hypoglycemia, glycemic variability, and elevated HbA1c values. Comprehensive insulin deliver recommendations have recently been published.
Effects of Foot Orthosis and Strengthening Exercises on the Talo-First Metatarsal Angle and Muscle Strength in Subjects With Pes Planus

································································································ v Introduction ····························································································· 1 Method ···································································································· 5 1. Participants ·················································································· 5 2. Group Allocation ········································································· 6 3. Outcome Measures ······································································ 8 3.1 Measurement of Talo-First Metatarsal Angle ··············· 8 3.2 Strength Measurements ··············································· 10 3.2. 1 Strength of Hallux Flexors ··································· 10 3.2. 2 Strength of TA and TP Muscles ··························· 11 4. Types of Interventions ······························································ 12 4.1 FO Intervention ··························································· 12 4.2 Short-foot Exercise ····················································· 13 4.3 Extrinsic Supinator Muscle Exercises ························· 15 5. Statistical Analysis ···································································· 18 Results ······························································································· 19 1. TFM Angle ················································································ 20
University of Dundee DNAAF 1 links heart laterality with the AAA + ATPase RUVBL 1 and ciliary intraflagellar transport

DNAAF1 (LRRC50) is a cytoplasmic protein required for dynein heavy chain assembly and cilia motility, and DNAAF1 mutations cause primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD; MIM 613193). We describe four families with DNAAF1 mutations and complex congenital heart disease (CHD). In three families, all affected individuals have typical PCD phenotypes. However, an additional family demonstrates isolated CHD (heterotaxy) in two affected siblings, but no clinical evidence of PCD. We identified a homozygous DNAAF1 missense mutation, p.Leu191Phe, as causative for heterotaxy in this family. Genetic complementation in dnaaf1-null zebrafish embryos demonstrated the rescue of normal heart looping with wild-type human DNAAF1, but not the p.Leu191Phe variant, supporting the conserved pathogenicity of this DNAAF1 missense mutation. This observation points to a phenotypic continuum between CHD and PCD, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of isolated CHD. In further investigations of the function of DNAAF1 in dynein arm assembly, we identified interactions with members of a putative dynein arm assembly complex. These include the ciliary intraflagellar transport protein IFT88 and the AAAþ (ATPases Associated with various cellular Activities) family proteins RUVBL1 (Pontin) and RUVBL2 (Reptin). Colocalization studies support these findings, with the loss of RUVBL1 perturbing the co-localization of DNAAF1 with IFT88. We show that RUVBL1 orthologues have an asymmetric left-sided distribution at both the mouse embryonic node and the Kupffer’s vesicle in zebrafish embryos, with the latter asymmetry dependent on DNAAF1. These results suggest that DNAAF1-RUVBL1 biochemical and genetic interactions have a novel functional role in symmetry breaking and cardiac development.
Running head: BEHAVIOURAL SPIN AND RELATIONSHIP WELLBEING i COMMUNICATION BREAKDOWN: DIFFERING RELATIONSHIP WELLBEING EFFECTS OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SPIN IN COMMUNICATION BEHAVIOUR BY ROBERT RYAN SELOUS CARTWRIGHT Victoria University of Wellington 2019 A thesis submitted to the Victoria University

Romantic couples must regularly navigate interactions to maintain satisfying relationships, but it is unclear how people’s variability in communication behaviour is linked to relationship wellbeing. Varying communication behaviours may display responsiveness to a partner’s needs by adjusting behaviour appropriately. Or else, inconsistent behaviour may undermine partner trust by fuelling uncertainties about commitment. Across two studies, we investigated how a person’s variability of communication behaviour was associated with their own wellbeing and their partner’s wellbeing. Specifically, we assessed spin, a measure of how often a person switches between communication behaviours. We predicted that switching between positive behaviours would be linked with higher relationship wellbeing but, conversely, switching between negative communication behaviours would be linked with lower wellbeing. We assessed spin in positive and negative forms of relationship behaviour over three weeks (Study 1; 78 couples) and over a single interaction (Study 2; 112 couples). Effects for spin in positivity emerged only in Study 1. For women, switching daily positive behaviour over three weeks was associated with higher partner relationship wellbeing but unexpectedly lower wellbeing for women (controlling for mean-level positivity). This suggests that, for women, being responsive to partners in diverse ways is beneficial for the partner but comes at a personal cost. Effects for spin in negativity emerged in both studies. Switching negative behaviour was linked with lower partner wellbeing in both studies, indicating that use of different negative behaviours is more dysfunctional than the sum of individual relationship behaviours. Across both studies, additional tests illustrated that these effects were independent and not due to variability in the magnitude of behaviours. Our findings show variable behaviour may benefit partner wellbeing when behaviour is positive, but inconsistent negativity interrupts intimacy processes to undermine wellbeing. Our research highlights the importance of considering behavioural variability when studying relationship maintenance processes over time. BEHAVIOURAL SPIN AND RELATIONSHIP WELLBEING iv
Working Papers in Economics : 1912 A DYNAMIC MODEL OF PERSONALITY , SCHOOLING , AND OCCUPATIONAL CHOICE

This paper develops a dynamic model of schooling and occupational choices that incorporates personality traits, as measured by the so-called “big five” traits. The model is estimated using the HILDA dataset from Australia. Personality traits are found to play an important role in explaining education and occupation choices over the lifecycle. Results show that individuals with a comparative advantage in schooling and white-collar work have, on average, higher cognitive skills and higher personality trait scores. Allowing personality traits to evolve with age and with schooling proves to be important to capturing the heterogeneity in how people respond to educational policies. The estimated model is used to evaluate two education policies: compulsory senior secondary school and a 50% college tuition subsidy. Both policies are effective in increasing educational attainment. They also affect personality traits. JEL: C54, J24, I24, I28
Helical Antiferromagnetic Ordering in EuNi

The Eu spins-7/2 in EuNi2As2 with the body-centered tetragonal ThCr2Si2 structure order antiferromagnetically below the Néel temperature TN = 15 K into a helical antiferromagnetic (AFM) structure with the helix axis aligned along the tetragonal c axis and the Eu ordered moments aligned ferromagnetically within the ab plane as previously reported from neutron diffraction measurements [T. Jin, et al., Phys. Rev. B 99, 014425 (2019)]. Here we study the crystallographic, magnetic, thermal, and electronic transport properties of Bi-flux-grown single crystals using single-crystal xray diffraction, anisotropic magnetic susceptibility χ, isothermal magnetization M , heat capacity Cp , and electrical resistivity ρ measurements versus applied magnetic field H and temperature T . Vacancies are found on the Ni sites corresponding to the composition EuNi1.95(1)As2. A good fit of the ρ(T ) data by the Bloch-Grüneisen theory for metals was obtained. The χab(T ) data below TN are fitted well by molecular field theory (MFT), and the helix turn angle kd and the Eu-Eu Heisenberg exchange constants are extracted from the fit parameters. The kd value is in good agreement with the neutron-diffraction result. The magnetic contribution to the zero-field heat capacity below TN is also fitted by MFT. The isothermal in-plane magnetization Mab exhibits two metamagnetic transitions versus H, whereas Mc(T = 2 K) is nearly linear up to H = 14 T, both behaviors being consistent with MFT. The Mc(H,T ), ρ(Hc, T ), and Cp(Hc, T ) data yielded a Hc-T phase diagram separating the AFM and paramagnetic phases in good agreement with MFT. Anisotropic χ(T ) literature data for the ThCr2Si2-type helical antiferromagnet EuRh2As2 were also fitted well by MFT. A comparison is made between the crystallographic and magnetic properties of ThCr2Si2-type EuM2Pn2 compounds with M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, or Rh, and Pn = P or As, where only ferromagnetic and c-axis helical AFM structures are found.