Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exercise Improves Early Functional Recovery After Total Hip Arthroplasty

The purpose of this prospective, randomized study was to apply an 8-week customized exercise program to patients (Group E) scheduled for total hip arthroplasty, followed by a postsurgery exercise program, and show the effect on functional recovery compared with control subjects (Group C) who received no additional exercise apart from routine in-hospital physical therapy. Strength, range of motion, and physical function tests were completed by 57 patients at Week 8 and Week 1 before surgery and at Weeks 3, 12, and 24 postoperatively. No differences between the exercise and control groups were observed at baseline. By 1 week before surgery, patients in Group E had shown significant improvements for Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (total score, stiffness, and physical function components), and combined hip strength. Patients in Group E had improved hip flexion range of motion in the diseased hip compared with patients in Group C. Significant differences in outcome measures between Group E and Group C were observed throughout the postoperative phase from Weeks 3 to 24. The current study showed that customized perioperative exercise programs are well tolerated by patients with end-stage hip arthritis, and are effective in improving early recovery of physical function after total hip arthroplasty.
Getting Evidence into Clinical Practice: An Organisational Behaviour Perspective

Objectives: To study the relationship between research evidence and clinical behaviour change in the UK National Health Service (NHS) in the period 1995–1997 by examining the ‘careers' of change issues designed to reshape clinical practice, the impact of such change efforts, and the factors shaping change outcomes. Methods: Comparative case study methods were used. Four clinical change issues were studied using semi-structured interviews (n=119) and documentary analysis in one English NHS region. For each issue, there was an overview semi-structured interview survey of the issue at regional level, followed by an intensive analysis of its impact at local level on the practice of specific clinical groups. Results: There was a weak relationship between the evidence base and its diffusion. The diffusion and take-up of scientific evidence were shown to be socially constructed. Different forms of evidence were differentially accepted by individuals and groups. Specific organisational and social factors affected this pattern of impact. The general management hierarchy of the NHS played a very limited role in enabling evidence-based clinical change. Conclusions: The implementation of evidence-based medicine is a complex and contested process. The results of this study confirm a professional dominance model of clinical behaviour change and identify tacit expert knowledge as a key power resource in shaping the way research evidence influences clinical practice.
The Role of Services for Economic Performance in Brazil

This paper highlights the large contribution of services to the Brazilian economy and the under-exploited potential of services to sustain productivity gains and international competitiveness. The areas with the largest potential for regulatory reform include improvements in the general business and trading environment as well as specific policies in transport sectors, telecoms and financial services. Reforms targeting services that add value by favouring productivity and quality enhancements, as well as services that increase efficiency by reducing production costs, have strong potential to unlock manufacturing performance. The set of proposed recommendations emerging from this analysis underlines the importance of streamlining sector-level regulatory frameworks to encourage foreign entry and competition, and the role that cross-cutting improvements in the trade and business environment would play to render services providers more competitive.
A heuristics approach to understanding cancer risk perception: Contributions from judgment and decision-making research

Background: The likelihood judgments that people make about their risks for cancer have important implications. At the individual level, risk estimates guide protective actions, such as cancer screening. However, at the extremes, exaggerated risk judgments can also lead to anxiety that degrades quality of life or to aggressive self-protective actions that are unwarranted given the objective risks. At the policy level, risk judgments may serve as an indicator of societal perceptions of the “war” against cancer. Using risk judgments, the public expresses its belief about whether we are winning.Purpose: We present theoretical perspectives from judgment and decision making, illustrate how they can explain some of the existing empirical findings in the cancer risk literature, and describe additional predictions that have not yet been tested.Conclusions: Overall, we suggest that theories from the judgment and decision-making perspective offer a potentially powerful view for understanding and improving risk judgments for cancer and other diseases.
A Contingent Perspective on Management Accounting Systems in Family Firms

This study analyzes both theoretically and empirically management accounting system choices in family firms with family CEOs in comparison to non-family firms and family firms with external CEOs. After theorizing differences with regard to both decision-facilitating (timeliness of management accounting information) and decision-influencing (objective performance evaluation, target specificity, target deviation tolerance) management controls, I argue that family CEOs with a propensity for technocratic decision making are better capable of balancing family and business perspectives. This implies that technocratic decision making weakens the family effect on management accounting system choices. Drawing on a dataset of 190 Austrian small and medium-sized firms from the manufacturing industry the results indicate idiosyncratic behavior of family firms in terms of management accounting system choices. Furthermore, the results corroborate the hypothesis that technocratic decision making moderates the family effect on management accounting systems. Finally, I also conduct an exploratory performance analysis to shed more light on the performance effects of management accounting systems in family firms. The findings indicate that only timeliness of management accounting information displays a significant positive effect while the decision-influencing management controls are not related to firm performance.
THE DYNAMIC INTER-RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OBESITY AND SCHOOL PERFORMANCE: NEW EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM AUSTRALIA

Summary This paper proposes a new empirical model for examining the relationship between obesity and school performance using the simultaneous equation modelling approach. The lagged effects of both learning and health outcomes were included to capture both the dynamic and inter-relational aspects of the relationship between obesity and school performance. The empirical application of this study used comprehensive data from the first five waves of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC), which commenced in 2004 (wave 1) and was repeated every two years until 2018. The study sample included 10,000 children, equally divided between two cohorts (infants and children) across Australia. The empirical results show that past learning and obesity status are strongly associated with most indicators of school outcomes, including reading, writing, spelling, grammar and numeracy national tests, and scores from the internationally standardized Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test and the Matrix Reasoning Test. The main findings of this study are robust due to the choice of obesity indicator and estimation methods.
[Multivariate analysis for prognostic factors among 43 patients with osteosarcoma].

OBJECTIVE To determin the prognostic factors that influence survival in patients with osteosarcma. METHODS The clinical data of 43 patients with osteosarcoma between March 2005 and March 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient's sex, age, tumor site, course of disease, serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) level, preoperative chemotherapy, Enneking surgical stage, surgical method, distant metastasis were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method, Log-rank test and COX regression model. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the 3-years survival rate, and Log-rank test was used to determin prognostic factors related with survival rate, and COX regression model was used to find the independent prognostic factors. The effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the prognosis of osteosarcoma was analyzed by Fisher exact test. RESULTS All the patients were followed up. Twenty-eight patients were alive, while 15 patients were dead. The survival time ranged from 6 to 65 months with a median survival of 42 months. Overall 3-year survival rate was 65.1%. Univariate analysis revealed that the prognosis of osteosarcoma was significantly related to tumor site (P = 0.010), Enneking surgical stage (P = 0.002), surgical method (P = 0.000) and distant metastasis (P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis by COX regression model suggested Enneking surgical stage (P = 0.028),surgical method (P = 0.001) and distant metastasis (P = 0.007) were the independent prognostic factors. Though the preoperative chemotherapy was unrelated to the survival of osteosarcoma, the sensitivity to preoperative chemotherapy was an important factor that affected the prognosis of osteosarcoma (P = 0.007). CONCLUSION The prognosis of osteosarcoma was significantly correlated with Enneking surgical stage, surgical method and distant metastasis, early detection and wide excision were interventional methods to improve the survival of osteosarcoma.
DIRECTORSHIP, COLLATERALIZED SHARES, RISK, AND PERFORMANCE OF TAIWAN BANKING INDUSTRY

In recent years, considerable concerns have arisen over the issue of corporate governance in banks’ supervision. One of the major issues has been investigated whether the sound mechanism of corporate governance benefits bank risk management and performance. The collateralized shares, serving stocks as collaterals, are one of financial leverage approaches and it is likely to be an incentive for block shareholders to misapply assets due to the deviation between the controlship and the ownership. The objective of this study is to examine whether the attitude of the board of directors toward risk will affect the bank risk and performance. Quarterly data of commercial banks listed either on the Taiwan Stock Exchange or GreTai Securities Market from 1999 to 2007 are examined in this study. The results show that the collateralized shares may have contributed to a lower return due to a higher risk and they are in line with previous studies our results are in line with previous researches. In conclusion, the monitoring mechanism should enforce relatively regulations more strictly to avoid the agency problems. Especially to the insiders of influence such as board of directors or block shareholders, more strictly regulations and the disclosure of relatively information should be necessary. The result will be expected to lead to better understanding of the nature of the collateralized shares and laying the groundwork for realizing that is the collateralized shares worth monitoring. It may provide policy implication for the regulators in the later monitoring requirement. Keyword: Collateralized Shares, Commercial Bank, Bank Performance, Bank Risk * National University of Kaohsiung, Department of Finance, No. 700, Kaohsiung University Rd., Nan-Tzu Dist. 811, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Tel: 886-7-591-9501, Fax: 886-7-591-9329, E-Mail: chen@nuk.edu.tw ** National University of Kaohsiung, Department of Finance, No. 700, Kaohsiung University Rd., Nan-Tzu Dist. 811, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Tel: 886-7-591-9502, Fax: 886-7-591-9329, E-Mail: lanfeng@nuk.edu.tw *** National Cheng Kung University, Graduate Institute of Finance & Banking, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan 701, Taiwan, Tel: 886-6-275-7575 ext. 53439, Fax: 886-6-274-4104, E-Mail: wangt@mail.ncku. edu.tw ****MingHsuan Hsieh, Institute of Business and Management, National University of Kaohsiung, No. 700, Kaohsiung University Rd., Nan-Tzu Dist. 811, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Tel: 886-7-591-9341, Fax: 886-7-591-9342, E-Mail: lavander32@hotmail.com
Preceptors and New Graduate Nurse Orientees: Implications of Psychological Type Compatibility

The relationship between preceptor and new graduate nurse (NGN) orientee can be a critical factor in NGNs’ satisfaction with choice of profession and place of employment. A research study was conducted with NGN orientees (n = 218) and preceptors (n = 159) to investigate characteristics of psychological type as determined by the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator. Preliminary descriptive data regarding participants’ Myers–Briggs Type Indicator characteristics is presented, and suggestions are offered for working with orientees during orientation in both classroom sessions and clinical units.
Low-Complexity, Distributed Characterization of Interferers in Wireless Networks

We consider a large-scale wireless network that uses sensors along its edge to estimate the characteristics of interference from neighboring networks or devices. Each sensor makes a noisy measurement of the received signal strength (RSS) from an interferer, compares its measurement to a threshold, and then transmits the resulting bit to a cluster head (CH) over a noisy communication channel. The CH computes the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) of the distance to the interferer using these noise-corrupted bits. We propose and justify a low-complexity threshold design technique in which the sensors use nonidentical thresholds to generate their bits. This produces a dithering effect that provides better performance than previous techniques that use different non-identical thresholds or the case in which all the sensor motes use an identical non-optimal threshold. Our proposed technique is also shown (a) to be of low complexity compared to previous non-identical threshold approaches and (b) to provide performance that is very close to that obtained when all sensors use the identical, but unknown, optimal threshold. We derive the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) and also show that the MLE using our dithered thresholds is asymptotically both efficient and consistent. Simulations are used to verify these theoretical results.
Leadership and Governance of Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia

Some corporate failures such as Enron and WorldCom were due to mismanagement and frauds committed by the top management of the organization and even the external auditors. Leadership was cited as one of the factors that led to the collapse of Enron. The Islamic financial institutions discussed in this paper focuses on Islamic banking and Takaful sectors. In both sectors, the level of governance has not received an extensive coverage as most studies have the tendency to focus on the people’s perceptions and acceptance towards the respective sectors as well as its product offering. This paper incorporates two aspects; firstly, leadership from the theoretical perspective such as traits, behaviour, and contingency theory. Secondly, this paper also reviewed governance from the conventional practices as well as from the Islamic viewpoints. The final section of the paper presents the existing studies on leadership and governance and explains the significance of this study.
Advances in Complete Mixability

The concept of complete mixability is relevant to some problems of optimal couplings with important applications in quantitative risk management. In this paper, we prove new properties of the set of completely mixable distributions, including a completeness and a decomposition theorem. We also show that distributions with a concave density and radially symmetric distributions are completely mixable.
The Impact of Terrorist Attacks on the Capital Market in the Last Decade

Over the last decades, terrorism has become a global phenomenon which almost every society finds itself exposed to her from time to time. Terrorist organizations operate under common principles that can be called a terrorist strategy. Terrorist phenomenon, significantly affects the lives of citizens in different countries all over the world. In this study I tried to examine how terrorist events affect the capital market in general and the event characters, when the test for TA-100 index, was examined in the Israeli capital market. In the study I examined five tests:1. general impact of the terrorist event, 2. impact of event by location in relation to the green line, 3. impact of event by location within the green line, 4. comparison of terrorist events with fatalities to terrorist events without fatalities, 5. comparison of terrorist attacks with the IDF's response to terrorist events and without the IDF's response. From the research results we can see that terrorist events affect financial markets, but their influence is not uniform. The location of the event, the intensity of the event and the response after it, will determine the intensity of the impact of the event on the capital market.
Intracerebral estrogen provision increases cytogenesis and neurogenesis in the injured zebra finch brain

To determine whether or not local, injury‐induced aromatization and/or estrogen provision can affect cyto‐ or neuro‐genesis following mechanical brain damage, two groups of adult male zebra finches sustained bilateral penetrating brain injuries. The first received contralateral injections of vehicle or the aromatase inhibitor fadrozole. The second group received contalateral injections of fadrozole, or fadrozole with 17β‐estradiol. Subsequent to injury, birds were injected with the thymidine analog 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU). Two weeks following injury, the birds were perfused, and coronal sections were labeled using antibodies against BrdU and the neuronal proteins HuC/HuD. In a double blind fashion, BrdU positive cells and BrdU/Hu double‐labeled cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and at the injury site (INJ) were imaged and sampled. The average numbers of cells per image were compared across brain regions and treatments using repeated measures ANOVAs and, where applicable, post‐hoc, pairwise comparisons. Fadrozole administration had no detectable effect on cytogenesis or neurogenesis, however, fadrozole coupled with estradiol significantly increased both measures. The dorsal SVZ had the greatest proportion of new cells that differentiated into neurons, though the highest numbers of BrdU labeled and BrdU, Hu double‐labeled cells were detected at the INJ. In the adult zebra finch brain, local estradiol provision can increase cytogenesis and neurogenesis, however, whether or not endogenous glial aromatization is sufficient to similarly affect these processes remains to be seen. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 71: 170‐181, 2011
Multiyear fate of a 15N tracer in a mixed deciduous forest: retention, redistribution, and differences by mycorrhizal association

The impact of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on forest ecosystems depends in large part on its fate. Past tracer studies show that litter and soils dominate the short‐term fate of added 15N, yet few have examined its longer term dynamics or differences among forest types. This study examined the fate of a 15N‐ NO3− tracer over 5–6 years in a mixed deciduous stand that was evenly composed of trees with ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal associations. The tracer was expected to slowly mineralize from its main initial fate in litter and surface soil, with some 15N moving to trees, some to deeper soil, and some net losses. Recovery of added 15N in trees and litterfall totaled 11.3% both 1 and 5–6 years after the tracer addition, as 15N redistributed from fine and especially coarse roots into cumulative litterfall and small accumulations in woody tissues. Estimates of potential carbon sequestration from tree 15N recovery amounted to 12–14 kg C per kg of N deposition. Tree 15N acquisition occurred within the first year after the tracer addition, with no subsequent additional net transfer of 15N from detrital to plant pools. In both years, ectomycorrhizal trees gained 50% more of the tracer than did trees with arbuscular mycorrhizae. Much of the 15N recovered in wood occurred in tree rings formed prior to the 15N addition, demonstrating the mobility of N in wood. Tracer recovery rapidly decreased over time in surface litter material and accumulated in both shallow and deep soil, perhaps through mixing by earthworms. Overall, results showed redistribution of tracer 15N through trees and surface soils without any losses, as whole‐ecosystem recovery remained constant between 1 and 5–6 years at 70% of the 15N addition. These results demonstrate the persistent ecosystem retention of N deposition even as it redistributes, without additional plant uptake over this timescale.
Can Tail Risk Explain Size, Book-to-Market, Momentum, and Idiosyncratic Volatility Anomalies?

We examine the impact of aggregate tail risk on return dynamics of size, book-to-market ratio, and idiosyncratic volatility sorted portfolios. Using changes in VIX Tail Hedge Index (ΔVXTH) as a proxy for aggregate tail risk, and controlling for market, size, book-to-market, and aggregate volatility risk, we document significant portfolio return exposures to tail risk. In particular, portfolios that contain small, value and volatile stocks exhibit consistently positive and statistically significant tail risk betas, whereas portfolios of big, growth and non-volatile stocks exhibit negative tail risk betas. We posit that due to their positive tail risk exposures, tail risk-averse investors demand extra compensation to hold small, value, and high idiosyncratic volatility stocks. Our results offer a tail risk-based explanation to size, value, and idiosyncratic volatility anomalies.
The Dynamical Linkage of Atmospheric Blocking to Drought, Heatwave and Urban Heat Island in Southeastern US: A Multi-Scale Case Study

Atmospheric blocking is a long standing structure stalled in the mid-troposphere which is often associated with extreme weather events such as droughts, heatwaves, flood and cold air outbreak. A striking atmospheric blocking is identified to persist over the US during 13–17 August 2007, exacerbating the existing drought over the Southeastern US. This pronounced blocking event not only intensified the concurrent drought conditions, but also led to a record-breaking heatwave over the Southeast of the US. The excessive heat observed during this heatwave is attributable to the subsidence-associated adiabatic warming as well as the dry-and-warm air advection over Alabama and the neighboring states. At the local scale, we choose Birmingham, AL, as the study area for exploring the blocking influence on urban heat island. Based on the remote sensing data, the surface (skin) urban heat island is found to be 8 ∘ C in this area on the block-onset day. This provides partial evidences that the surface urban heat island intensity is likely amplified by the blocking-induced heat waves. The present work provides a unique case study in which blocking, drought, heatwave and urban heat island all occur concurrently, and interplay across a spectrum of spatial scales. We conclude that atmospheric blocking is capable of reinforcing droughts, initiating heatwaves, and probably amplifying the urban heat island intensity during the concurrent period.