Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computing relationships and relatedness between contextually diverse entities

When presented with a pair of entities such as a ball and a bat , a person may make the connection that both of these entities are involved in sport (e.g., the sports baseball or cricket , based on the individual’s background), that the composition of the two entities is similar (e.g., a wooden ball and a wooden stick), or if the person is especially creative, a fancy dress ball where someone has come dressed as a bat. All of these connections are equally valid, but depending on the context the person is familiar with (e.g., sport, wooden objects, fancy dress), a particular connection may be more apparent to that person. From a computational perspective, identifying these relationships and calculating the level of relatedness of entity pairs requires consideration of all ways in which the entities are able to interact with one another. Existing approaches to identifying the relatedness of entities and the semantic relationships that exist between them fail to take into account the multiple diverse ways in which these entities may interact, and hence do not explore all potential ways in which entities may be related. In this thesis, I use the collaborative encyclopedia Wikipedia as the basis for the formulation of a measure of semantic relatedness that takes into account the contextual diversity of entities (called the Related Article Conceptual Overlap, or raco, method), and describe several methods of relationship extraction that utilise
Gamification: The effect on student motivation and performance at the post-secondary level

Computer games are increasingly part of the daily activities of Canadian students of all ages, and have been shown to support student motivation and learning however can be challenging to implement in the classroom. Gamification involves incorporating elements of computer games such as points, leaderboards, and badges into non-game contexts in order to take advantage of the motivation provided by a game environment. An analysis of the literature was conducted to determine to what extent gamification supports student achievement and motivation among college level students. The findings from the analysis revealed that points, badges and achievements, leaderboards and levels are the most commonly implemented form of gamification. Incorporating gamification elements into post-secondary environments can motivate students and support student achievement in post-secondary environments. Increased class attendance and participation, which is positively correlated with improved student performance, was seen as a result of gamification. This is significant, as colleges and universities strive to attract, retain, and engage digitally savvy students who are increasingly demanding engaging, technologically rich, learning environments. DOI:10.2458/azu_itet_v3i2_lister
Dr. Scratch : análisis automático de proyectos Scratch para evaluar y fomentar el pensamiento computacional

One of the barriers to entry of computer programming in schools is the lack of tools that support educators in the assessment of student projects. In order to amend this situation this paper presents Dr. Scratch, a web application that allows teachers and students to automatically analyze projects coded in Scratch, the most used programming language in primary and secondary education worldwide, to check if they have been properly programmed, learn from their mistakes and get feedback to improve their code and develop their Computational Thinking (CT) skills. One of the goals of Dr. Scratch, besides supporting teachers in the evaluation tasks, is to act as a stimulus to encourage students to keep on improving their programming skills. Aiming to check its effectiveness regarding this objective, workshops with students in the range from 10 to 14 years were run in 8 schools, in which over 100 learners analyzed one of their Scratch projects with Dr. Scratch, read the information displayed as feedback by Dr. Scratch, and tried to improve their projects using the guidelines and tips offered by the tool. Our results show that at the end of the workshop, students increased their CT score and, consequently, improved their coding skills.
Predictors of Entrepreneurial Intentions and Social Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Look at Proactive Personality, Self-Efficacy and Creativity

The purpose of this study is to examine the relative contribution of proactive personality, creativity, and self-efficacy in predicting entrepreneurial intentions (EI) and social entrepreneurial intentions (SEI). Data was collected via online surveys using the snowball technique from students attending a university in the North West United States (n=210). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and creativity were significant predictors of entrepreneurial intentions while only proactive personality significantly predicted social entrepreneurial intentions. The results point to the importance of studying the differential contributions of these variables to intentions to either start a for-profit enterprise or a social entrepreneurial venture.
C-PROM-Task: a new annotated dataset for the study of french speech prosody

The aim of this paper is to describe C-PROM-Task, a dataset created and annotated in the same spirit as C-PROM [1]. CPROM-Task was annotated following a perceptually-based and computer-assisted procedure for the study of syllabic prominences, syllabic disfluences and two ranges of prosodic units. All told, C-PROM-Task comprises recordings and annotated TextGrids of story-telling by 20 native French speakers from Switzerland. The entire dataset is 2 hours 20 minutes long. Some observations are also made regarding accentuation (prominence rate), disfluence rate and phrasing (length of prosodic units) in the corpus.
The Role of Stated Preference Valuation Methods in Understanding Choices and Informing Policy

This article examines the role of stated preference (SP) valuation methods in the environmental economist’s toolbox. Overall, the article makes the case for using SP methods in a wide range of settings, showing how the approach can be used to both inform policy and gain a better understanding of people’s choices and preferences. First, we provide an overview of SP methods and discuss a number of policy design issues where we believe SP methods have advantages over alternative approaches. The ability of SP to overcome “hypothetical market bias” is briefly reviewed. Next, we discuss how SP methods can be used to address research issues concerning people’s preferences and choices, which have broader implications for economics and behavioral sciences. These research issues are (1) the effects of information, learning and knowledge; (2) testing the validity of the standard model of consumer choice; (3) the influence of behavioral drivers such as social norms; and (4) the role of “deep” determinants of preference heterogeneity such as emotions and personality. Finally, we identify some research areas where SP methods may be particularly useful in the future.
The interpersonal interpretive mechanism: the confluence of genetics and attachment theory in development

© 2003 selection and editorial matter; Viviane Green: individual chapters, the contributors. Our understanding of the interrelationship of genetic predisposition, experiences in the first 3 years of life and psychological disturbance in later development is currently in something of a flux. We are all mesmerized by the rapid unfolding of scientific understanding concerning the genetic transmission of disease. This has raised the welcome possibility of a cure-gene therapy-for many deadly and painful illnesses and disabilities. ' Genomics’, the process of identifying the specific function of individual genes, has become the best-funded and most aggressively pursued subject in the field of biology and medicine. In the behavioural and social sciences the influence is also beginning to be felt; unfortunately principally detracting from its standing in models of disease causation. The discovery of genetic influences appears to have profoundly undermined interest in the psychological and the social and strengthened an already powerful move towards biological reductionism. The shifts in implicit and explicit scientific understanding to favour genetic determination of psychological problems and characteristics has begun to impact on all our attitudes towards the psychological as a pivotal causal influence and an appropriate level of analysis for the understanding of mental disorder.
Moderating Effects of Political Interest on the Relationship between Facebook Usage and Online Political Participation: Data Screening and Measurement Model

The ultimate objective of this article is only to carry out an initial and preliminary examination on a study data collected for empirical research on the moderating effect of political interest on the usage of Facebook for online political participation for the purpose of structural equation modelling. 600 questionnaires were distributed to various respondent in Nigeria, and only 473 questionnaires representing 79% response rate were used for this analysis. Non response bias test, the common method variance test, normality test and confirmatory factor analysis were all conducted to determine the fitness of the data for further multivariate analysis. Therefore, the findings revealed that the data is adequate and fit for conducting PLS structural equation modelling analysis.
Reading Motivation vis-s-vis Academic Performance

Abundant literature can be sourced out from different authorities about reading motivation, yet little work can be traced between this component and the academic achievement. Hypothesizing that motivation has a significant relationship to success, this study attempted to investigate such a particular connection. The researchers used a modified version of the Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ) administered to 82 Grade III pupils, of which the first half were required to answer the questions for pilot testing. For the correlation test, the raw scores of quarterly academic grades of pupils were utilized. Statistical results identified that reading motivation was not significantly related to the academic achievement of the pupils. One that is carried out is the development of learners as readers. In this manner, the researchers suggested that teachers should continue nurturing of enhancing the reading skills of pupils by implementing different strategies to improve the academic performance of the learners.
Destination food image, satisfaction and outcomes in a border context: tourists vs excursionists

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of cognitive destination food image in food expectation, satisfaction and visit outcomes within a local context of the USA–Mexico border. The differences between tourists and excursionists were also assessed for their possible implications in strengthening an active market strategy in the framework of the same objective. Design/methodology/approach Four hypotheses were examined through Squares SEM techniques. The model validation was carried out assessing the measurement and structural model. Additionally a multi-group analysis was performed to test the tourists and excursionists moderation effect. The study used 518 questionnaires completed by US visitors in three important gastronomic regions of the coast of Baja California, Mexico. Findings The results suggest that tourists and excursionists obey different dimensions when structuring cognitive destination food image which showed a significant impact on visitor satisfaction and future intentions. Originality/value The moderation function of tourists and excursionists in the causal relationships of the research model was analyzed as one of the first explorations in food tourism marketing. In conjunction with other findings, this paper offers specific theoretical and practical implications on how to stimulate gastronomic consumption in these two segments of visitors.
Seeing is Not Necessarily Believing: Limitations of BigGANs for Data Augmentation

Recent advances in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) – in architectural design, training strategies, and empirical tricks – have led nearly photorealistic samples on large-scale datasets such as ImageNet. In fact, for one model in particular, BigGAN, metrics such as Inception Score or Frechet Inception Distance nearly match those of the dataset, suggesting that these models are close to matching the distribution of the training set. Given the quality of these models, it is worth understanding to what extent these samples can be used for data augmentation, a task expressed as a long-term goal of the GAN research project. To that end, we train ResNet-50 classifiers using either purely BigGAN images or mixtures of ImageNet and BigGAN images, and test on the ImageNet validation set. Our preliminary results suggest both a measured view of state-of-the-art GAN quality and highlight limitations of current metrics. Using only BigGAN images, we find that Top-1 and Top-5 error increased by 120% and 384%, respectively, and furthermore, adding more BigGAN data to the ImageNet training set at best only marginally improves classifier performance. Finally, we find that neither Inception Score, nor FID, nor combinations thereof are predictive of classification accuracy. These results suggest that as GANs are beginning to be deployed in downstream tasks, we should create metrics that better measure downstream task performance. We propose classification performance as one such metric that, in addition to assessing per-class sample quality, is more suited to such downstream tasks.
Climate communication in practice: how are we engaging the UK public on climate change?

There is a growing appreciation of the need to engage the public around climate change, but how much do researchers and practitioners agree on how to go about this? How do they approach communicating climate change, and what are their motives for doing so? The Climate Communication Project1 aims to understand and evaluate existing expertise in the UK on communicating and engaging the public with climate change. By bringing together the key findings from a survey of 178 climate communicators and a one-day ‘expert elicitation workshop’, this report explores consensus and disagreement around some key principles of climate communication and engagement. It captures some key findings about how we are engaging the UK public on climate change, and points towards possible next steps to improve public engagement on climate change.
A systematic review of the impact of Ghana’s school feeding programme on educational and nutritional outcomes

The Ghana School Feeding Programme (SFP) was introduced in 2005 to improve educational and health outcomes. Due to the role the intervention has played in meeting its objectives, the review was conceived to assess the impact of the intervention on anthropometric, behavioural, cognitive, and health and nutritional outcomes. A systematic review search for non-experimental and quasi-experimental studies was conducted on different databases, websites and reference lists of selected studies. Both quantitative and qualitative studies were included in the review. Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria and they report on the role of Ghanaian’s school feeding programme as an intervention that the government is using to improve educational and health outcomes of beneficiaries. Different evaluation methods were used to assess the impact of SFP, six studies used post study design, only one study adopted Difference-in-Differences (DID) technique, five studies used a pre-post study, two studies embraced a cross-sectional study and one study adopted comparative analysis. Outcomes measured by the studies include enrolment, attendance, retention and academic performance. Others are wasting, thinness and stunting. Supporting evidence shows that the school feeding programme improved educational and health outcomes. However, the evidence of food for education on cognitive development was weak. Food for education is a social safety net that stakeholders in developing countries are using to encourage pupil enrolment, attendance and the improvement of academic performance. While the intervention played a pivotal role in these regards, there were other challenges that affected the intervention in achieving its main objective. Keywords: attendance, enrolment, Ghana, retention
Profitability Behavior of Plastic Industries in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the effects on the profitability (net profit margin, return on assets and return on equity) of plastic companies by internal influences (current ratio, debt to equity ratio and total asset turnover) and external influences (exchange rate, petroleum price and inflation). The object of the research is the plastic industries registered in the Indonesian stock exchange with a total of 9 industries and in the period 2012 - 2017. The methodology used is descriptive quantitative research and causality with purposive sampling technique and panel data regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the current ratio has a partially positive effect, particularly significant in terms of net profit margin. Current ratio and total asset turnover also have a partially positive effect, with significant return on assets. Debt to equity ratio partially has a partially negative effect, but a significant return on equity.
The Internationalization of Business Administration Undergraduate Courses in Brazil

The authors discuss the level of internationalization of business administration undergraduate courses in Brazilian schools based on a survey of 39 institutions affiliated with the National Association of Graduation in Administration and in a second survey among 19 professors from different institutions and 45 students from 21 schools. It was concluded that the internationalization of courses analyzed in the survey is limited to the participation of students in foreign exchange programs. Students and faculty believe that it should be introduced more classes in the international business field as well as classes in English. The authors compare the national results with 3 similar surveys, 1 conducted in the United States and in Europe by the Academy of International Business, and two others conducted in Arab and Latin American countries.
Survey of Anomaly Detection Methods

This survey defines the problem of anomaly detection and provides an overview of existing methods. The methods are categorized into two general classes: generative and discriminative. A generative approach involves building a model that represents the joint distribution of the input features and the output labels of system behavior (e.g., normal or anomalous) then applies the model to formulate a decision rule for detecting anomalies. On the other hand, a discriminative approach aims directly to find the decision rule, with the smallest error rate, that distinguishes between normal and anomalous behavior. For each approach, we will give an overview of popular techniques and provide references to state-of-the-art applications.
Development of Socio-Religious Harmony Index Instrument forMalaysia

This study contributes to understand the Malaysian socio-religious situation. Being a multi-religious country, Malaysia is not immune to contentious issues and incidents that challenge the relationship between different religious groups. Thus, it is crucial for the country to be conscious of its level of inter-religious relationship in order to maintain peaceful coexistence within the nation
Aquatic Invasive Species Change Ecosystem Services from the World's Largest Wild Sockeye Salmon Fisheries in Alaska

This study combines a multi-method approach to structured expert judgment with market valuation to forecast fisheries damages from introduced invasive species. The method is applied to a case study of Alaska’s first submersed aquatic invasive plant, Elodea spp. , threatening Alaska’s salmon fisheries. Assuming that Elodea spp. remains unmanaged, estimated mean damages to commercial sockeye fisheries aggregated across Alaska amount to a potential $159 million annually with a 5% chance of exceeding $577 million annually ($2015 USD). The associated mean loss of natural capital amounts to $5.1 billion cumulatively over the next 100 years reaching $400 million after 10 years. Results from the expert elicitation indicate that there is a 35% chance of positive net benefits associated with the believed positive effects of Elodea spp. on sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Despite the potential for positive net gains, the magnitude of the most probable damage estimate may justify substantial investment in keeping productive freshwater systems free of aquatic invasive species. The damage estimate for Alaska is significantly larger than similar estimates in the Great Lakes where ecosystems are already impaired by multiple aquatic invasive species, underscoring the value of keeping functioning ecosystems with global market value productive. This study is the first to estimate ecosystem service loss associated with introduction of an aquatic invasive species to freshwater habitat that supports the world’s most valuable wild sockeye salmon fisheries. Important policy implications related to natural resource management and efficient allocation of scarce resources are discussed This research article is available in Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics: https://cbe.miis. edu/joce/vol6/iss1/2
Effect of Acoustic Spectrographic Instruction on production of English /i/ and /I/ by Spanish pre-service English teachers

This study investigates the effects of Acoustic Spectrographic Instruction on the production of the English phonological contrast /i/ and / I /. Acoustic Spectrographic Instruction is based on the assumption that physical representations of speech sounds and spectrography allow learners to objectively see and modify those non-accurate features in their oral production which may impede effective communication in the target language. Twenty-six pre-service non-native English teachers, 16 in the experimental group and 10 in the control group, participated in the investigation. During a two-week period, the experimental group received Acoustic Spectrographic Instruction while the control group was exposed to a more traditional pronunciation approach. Production accuracy of the target segments was evaluated by two production tasks and a perceptual identification task. Acoustic measurements from the production tasks show that Acoustic Spectrographic Instruction significantly improved pronunciation of both vowels. Data from perceptual identification also indicate pronunciation improvement of both vowels, particularly for English / I /. Taken together, the results of these three experiments lend support to the use of acoustic features of speech and spectrography in English segmental acquisition.