Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Minsky, Monetary Policy and Mint Street: Challenges for the Art of Monetary Policymaking in Emerging Economies

This paper examines the emerging challenges to the art of monetary policymaking using the case study of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in light of developments in the Indian economy during the last decade (2003-04 to 2013-14). The paper uses Hyman P. Minsky's financial instability hypothesis as the conceptual framework for evaluating the endogenous nature of financial instability and its potential impact on monetary policymaking, and addresses the need to pursue regulatory policy as a tool that is complementary to monetary policy in light of the agenda of reforms put forward by Minsky. It further reviews the extensions to the Minskyan hypothesis in the areas of setting fiscal policy, managing cross-border capital flows, and developing financial institutional infrastructure. The lessons learned from the interplay of policy choices in these areas and their impact on monetary policymaking at the RBI are presented.
Measuring and Modeling the Water Balance in Low-Rainfall Cropping Systems

In low-rainfall cropping systems, understanding the water balance, and in particular the storage of soil water in the rooting zone for use by crops, is considered critical for devising risk management strategies for grain-based farming. Crop-soil modeling remains a cost-effective option for understanding the interactions between rainfall, soil, and crop growth, from which management options can be derived. The objective of this study was to assess the error in the prediction of soil water content at key decision points in the season against continuous, multi-layer soil water measurements made with frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) probes in long-term experiments in the Mallee region of South Australia and New South Wales. Field estimates of the crop lower limit or drained upper limit were found to be more reliable than laboratory- based estimates, despite the fact that plant-available water capacity (PAWC) did not substantially differ between the methods. Using the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) to simulate plant-available water over three-year rotations, predicted soil water was within 7 mm (PAWC 64 to 99 mm) of the measured data across all sowing events and rotations. Simulated (n = 46) wheat grain production resulted in a root mean square error (RMSE) of 492 kg ha-1, which is only marginally smaller than that of other field studies that derived soil water limits with less detailed methods. This study shows that using field-derived data of soil water limits and soil-specific settings for parameterization of other properties that determine soil evaporation and water redistribution enables APSIM to be widely applied for managing climate risk in low-rainfall environments.
Orientation of Senior Pupils to the Choice of Teaching Professions

The importance of the study is due to the problem of lack of the teaching staff. Despite the sufficient number of graduates of pedagogical faculties, the number of those who really want to work in the profession and devote their lives to the teaching profession is limited. Many schools, especially in rural areas, have to face shortage of specialists. The article is aimed to solve the problem of organizing the work of preparing senior pupils to the choice of the teaching profession at school. The leading method of this research is the pedagogical experiment, in the process of which the program of the club named "The Leader», was developed and tested, and the content of which is revealed in this article. The article reveals the potential of school teaching clubs as one of forms of career guidance. We have proved great potential of effective orientation to teaching professions using a variety of opportunities of club work, forming organizational, communication and leadership skills of senior pupils. The material of this article can be useful for social educators, class teachers, those who work with senior schoolchildren. OPEN ACCESS
Production of alkaline protease by Teredinobacter turnirae cells immobilized in Ca-alginate beads

The conditions for immobilizing the new alkaline protease-producing bacteria strain Teredinobacter turnirae by entrapment in calcium alginate gel were investigated. The influence of alginate concentration (20, 25 and 30 g/l) and initial cell loading (ICL) on enzyme production were studied. The production of alkaline protease improved significantly with increasing alginate concentration and reached a maximum enzyme yield of 8000 U/ml at 25 g/l alginate concentration. This was about 176.8% higher than that obtained by free cells (2890 U/ml). The immobilized cells produced alkaline protease consistently over 5 repeated cycles and reached a maximal value of 9000 U/ml on the third cycle. This was 311.4% (3.11-fold) as compared with the control (free cells). Simple mass balance analysis was applied to describe the growth and the protease production behaviour of both fractions the cells in free form and the entrapped in Ca-alginate beads. Scanning electron microscope studies indicated the internal distribution pattern of the cells encapsulated in Ca-alginate beads. The results presented in this paper show the potential for using immobilized T. turnirae cells in Ca-alginate for the production of a novel alkaline protease.
Atmospheric pressure gliding arc discharge plasma treatments for improving germination, growth and yield of wheat

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) seeds were treated with atmospheric pressure gliding arc discharge plasmas to investigate the effects on water absorption, seed germination rate, seedling growth and yield in wheat. The surface architectures and functionalities of the seeds were found to modify due to plasma treatments. 6 min treatment was provided 95%–100% germination rate. For the treatment duration of 3 and 9 min the growth activity, dry matter accumulation, leaves chlorophyll contents, longest spikes, number of spikes/spikelet and total soluble protein content in shoots were improved. The grain yield of wheat was increased ∼20% by 6 min treatment with H2O/O2 plasma with respect to control.
Response of Broilers Performance to Dietary Betaine and Folic Acid at Different Methionine Levels

2 Abstract: Two experiments were designed to estimate the effect of methionine levels (0.33 and 0.45%) with betaine and folic acid on broiler performance. A total of 648 unsexed one week old Arbor Acres broiler chicks was randomly divided into two experiments according to dietary methionine level. Each experiment divided into nine treatment groups of 12 birds each with three replicates. The experimental diets were formulated to cover the nutrients requirements for broilers and were supplemented with betaine at 0.5, 0.75 or 1.0 gm kg . Folic acid was added at 0.5, 0.75 or 1.0 mg kg for each betaine level. Results can be summarized as 1 1 follows: Live body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency were significantly increased with increasing folic acid addition and increased with increasing betaine levels up to 0.75 gm kg diet. Productive 1 performance was significantly improved by increasing different levels of betaine and folic acid. The OM, CP, EE, CF and NFE digestion coefficients were significantly (p>0.5) increased with increasing betaine or folic acid levels in the diets. The improvement of chick performance due to added betaine was depressed when chicks received diets containing recommended methionine, whereas, chicks performance improved by increasing folic acid level. Folic acid had significant effect on dressing %, the highest level received the highest dressing % recorded, while no significant effects were noticed in digestion coefficients of nutrients. Blood plasma AST and ALT decreased with increasing dietary methionine level. The highest economic efficiency was listed when diet contained the highest levels of betaine and folic acid.
Fan Noise Source Diagnostic Test: Vane Unsteady Pressure Results

To investigate the nature of fan outlet guide vane pressure fluctuations and their link to rotor-stator interaction noise, time histories of vane fluctuating pressures were digitally acquired as part of the Fan Noise Source Diagnostic Test. Vane unsteady pressures were measured at seven fan tip speeds for both a radial and a swept vane configuration. Using time-domain averaging and spectral analysis, the blade passing frequency (BPF) harmonic and broadband contents of the vane pressures were individually analyzed. Significant Sound Pressure Level (SPL) reductions were observed for the swept vane relative to the radial vane for the BPF harmonics of vane pressure, but vane broadband reductions due to sweep turned out to be much smaller especially on an average basis. Cross-correlation analysis was used to establish the level of spatial coherence of broadband pressures between different locations on the vane and integral length scales of pressure fluctuations were estimated from these correlations. Two main results of this work are: (1) the average broadband level on the vane (in dB) increases linearly with the fan tip speed for both the radial and swept vanes, and (2) the broadband pressure distribution on the vane is nearly homogeneous and its integral length scale is a monotonically decreasing function of fan tip speed.
Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Attributes as Indicators for Drought Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Drought is the major problem for the rice. Drought affects directly the growth of rice, especially in low rainfall season. To confirm this effect, the experiments were conducted at the research lab of University of Gujrat during 2012. The rice variety which was used for the experiments was Rice-386.The design for the experiment was CRD (complete randomized design) with four replicates having four treatments. Drought affected the rate of photosynthesis, accumulation of total soluble sugars, root length, shoot length, shoot and root weight, chlorophyll "a" and "b" and also Carotenoids. Drought affected the growth and reduced the fresh shoot and root weights, root and shoot lengths and the photosynthetic pigments which ultimately reduced the photosynthetic rate and physiology and biochemical processes. It was concluded that water stress is ver y hazardous and interferes with the survival for rice.
THE EVOLUTION OF POST-STARBURST GALAXIES FROM z ∼ 1 TO THE PRESENT

Post-starburst galaxies are in the transitional stage between blue, star-forming galaxies and red, quiescent galaxies and therefore hold important clues for our understanding of galaxy evolution. In this paper, we systematically searched for and identified a large sample of post-starburst galaxies from the spectroscopic data set of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 9. In total, we found more than 6000 objects with redshifts between z ∼ 0.05 and z ∼ 1.3, making this the largest sample of post-starburst galaxies in the literature. We calculated the luminosity function of the post-starburst galaxies using two uniformly selected subsamples: the SDSS main galaxy sample and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey CMASS sample. The luminosity functions are reasonably fit by half-Gaussian functions. The peak magnitudes shift as a function of redshift from M ∼ −23.5 at z ∼ 0.8 to M ∼ −20.3 at z ∼ 0.1. This is consistent with the downsizing trend, whereby more massive galaxies form earlier than low-mass galaxies. We compared the mass of the post-starburst stellar population found in our sample to the decline of the global star formation rate and found that only a small amount (∼1%) of all star formation quenching in the redshift range z = 0.2–0.7 results in post-starburst galaxies in the luminosity range our sample is sensitive to. Therefore, luminous post-starburst galaxies are not the place where most of the decline in the star formation rate of the universe is happening.
FISCAL POLICY PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF NATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS, CASES OF EU COUNTRIES

The article deals with problematic issues of economic competitiveness in the context of the EU. Fiscal policy and competitiveness as the world emerges from the global recession, the full extent of the deterioration of fiscal accounts is becoming visible and is raising questions about the consequences for longer-term competitiveness. Upon characterizing the tendencies of economic growth the most often used indicator is GDP per capita. Developing research in a similar direction and characterizing the tendencies of formation of the structure of new socioeconomic indicators to describe economic growth was carried out. In this case GDP per capita (growth) is far from a robust indicator of social welfare (progress)–witness the common substituting phrase “standard of living”. Countries with developed economics have much experience with respect to formation of business-friendly tax systems. The tax system (fiscal policy) is one of the most basic economic mechanisms determining the economic development. Finally, it could be shown that the correlation coefficients between the rankings of GCI, HDI and livings standards are high and positive. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.em. 17.2. 2172
TOWARDS 21% EFFICIENT N-CZ IBC BASED ON SCREEN PRINTING

Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC) cells have been fabricated at ECN laboratories with a best cell efficiency of 19.1%, using n-type Cz material and a process flow based on all-screen-printed patterning and metallization. Excellent current collection due to an optimized FSF is demonstrated by a Jsc value as high as 41.5 mA/cm 2 , corrected for spectral mismatch, and a Voc of 641 mV. The results show high Pseudo Fill Factors (PFF) of above 81% but lower Fill Factors (FF) of below 72%.
Negative Externalities May Cause Delay in Negotiation

We study the strategic equilibria of a negotiation game where potential buyers are affected by identity-dependent, negative externalities. The unique equilibrium of long, finitely repeated generic games can either display delay-where a transaction can take place only in several stages before the deadline-or, in spite of the random element in the game, a well-defined buyer exists that obtains the object with probability close to one.
Exploring Human-Robot Social Relations

An age where robots and advanced intelligent agents are all around us is nearing. It is important we explore the ways we will relate to these future robots, because that way we can try to avoid certain scenario's while encouraging others. The 'Lovotics' research domain sketches a future where robots can be our friends, lovers and family, but is that really a possibility? To find the answer to that question we need some way to identify types social relations of humans and robots. Therefore I start with defining a social-relation framework that can differentiate between human social relations such as friendship, family relations, business relations and many others. Before we can apply this framework to human-robot relations however, we need to explore the capabilities of future robots and identify to what extend these robots can have the required properties for social relations. Finally we will see what shortcomings robots necessarily have that will limit our social relations with robots to a certain level.
FDG PET/CT in the Evaluation of Late Manifestation of Adrenal Metastasis after Radical Nephrectomy in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Report of Four Cases and Review of Literature

Purpose: Presence of distant metastasis is a strong independent predictor of poor survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Positron emission tomography using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) has been reported to be superior to conventional anatomic imaging modalities for detecting distant metastases from RCC. Methods: The authors report the findings of four patients who underwent FDG positron emission tomography / computed tomography (PET/CT) at varying periods after radical nephrectomy for RCC. Results: FDG PET/CT detected increased tracer concentration in the adrenal glands in all four patients and subsequent fine needle aspiration confirmed metastatic RCC. While the adrenal was the only site of metastasis in one patient, additional metastases were detected in lymph nodes and lungs in the others. Conclusions: RCC metastatic to the adrenal gland is usually a vascular tumour and there is an intrinsic risk of haemorrhage during CT-guided needle biopsy. This small series of cases suggests that FDG PET/CT is a useful noninvasive investigation in identifying malignant adrenal lesions in patients with RCC presenting after nephrectomy.
Part I. GLOBALIZATION IN HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE Origins of Globalization

In this article we analyze processes and scales of global integration in historical perspective, starting with the Agrarian Revolution. We connect the main phases of historical globalization with the processes of the development of the Afroeurasian world-system. In the framework of the Afroeurasian worldsystem the integration began several millennia BCE. In it the continental and supracontinental links became so developed long before the Great Geographic Discoveries and thus they could well be denoted as global (albeit in a somehow limited sense). Among some researchers there is still a tendency to underestimate the scale of those links in the pre-Industrial era; thus, it appeared necessary to provide additional empirical support for our statement. It also turned necessary to apply a special methodology (which necessitated the use of the world-system approach). We analyze some versions of periodization of globalization history. We also propose our own periodization of the globalization history basing on the growth of the scale of intersocietal links as an indicator of the level of globalization development.
Human Capital and Economic Growth in Pakistan

Pakistan’s economy has grown faster on average than many other low- and middleincome countries over the past two decades. But several countries in Southeast Asia have fared even better. This paper focuses on factors that explain Pakistan’s relative growth performance. In addition to more traditional factors believed to determine growth, this paper looks particularly at the role of differences in the quality of human capital. The cross-country empirical results suggest that accumulation of physical capital and improvements in the quality of institutions have the largest pay-offs in terms of achieving higher growth, but that better education and health care also have a significant impact. Investment in these areas will increase the possibility of Pakistan entering a virtuous cycle of high growth and improved living conditions for the population.
The Analysis of Students’ Listening Proficiency Viewed from Their Different Learning Styles after Getting the Strategy Instructions

The students’ listening cognitive and metacognitive problems should be overcome with an effective listening strategy instruction. Besides, their learning style as the individual learners’ differences should be taken into account in getting a satisfactory listening outcome. To seek the solution, the present study aimed to find out quantitatively the effectiveness of implementation of Explicit (Meta)-cognitive collaboration strategy instruction (M-CCSI) and top-down strategy instructions (TDSI) toward the students’ listening proficiency viewed from their learning styles. The participants of the study were 50 Javanese EFL students at Muria University of Kudus, Indonesia. The data were gathered by using a listening proficiency test adopted from Longman TOEFL listening section and a questionnaire of visual, auditory, and kinesthetic (VAK) learning styles. Descriptive statistics, Independent Sample t-test, and Friedman two-way analysis of variance revealed that the experimental group has a significant effect of their listening proficiency after treated by using M-CCSI. Meanwhile, the control group has no significant effect on their listening proficiency after dealt with by using top down strategy (TDSI) as a general listening teaching. On the other hand, the result of two-way analysis of variance reveals that students’ listening proficiency was not influenced by learning styles including visual learners, auditory learners, and kinesthetic learners for both experimental group and control group. Thus, the findings imply that it is not essential for the lecturers of listening course to divide students into different learning styles in applying Explicit M-CCSI.
Status of sugar cane yellow leaf disease in the French West Indies and in other islands of the Carribean

Sugar cane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV), the causal agent of an emerging aphid vectored disease called yellow leaf, is present in numerous sugar cane countries world wide. In the Caribbean, the virus was first identified in the French West Indies in 1996. SCYLV was diagnosed later on in CIRAD's sugar cane quarantine in Montpellier in seed cane originating from Barbados and Cuba. It was also detected in Belize lately. Recent studies showed that genetic variationoccurs within SCYLV, and four genotypes of the virus differing in aggressivity and virulence were reported. Determination of SCYLV genotypes occurring in a sugar cane growing location and characterization of vector population dynamics are essential to analyse the risk of yellow leaf epidemics. Yellow leaf incidence in 34 farmers? fields, aphid vector populations and distribution of SCYLV genotypes were determined in two closely related islands, Guadeloupe and Martinique. Large differences in disease incidence and frequency of virus genotypes between the two locations suggested the occurrence of strong local effects or interactions that need to be determined. Therefore, disease progress in one location may so far not be predicted based on the situation in another relatively close location, and the status of yellow leaf disease must be studied locally to determine the risk of yellow leaf epidemics and impact on sugar cane production. (Resume d'auteur)
The Effects of Financial Development and Institutional Quality on Economic Growth with the Dynamic Panel Data Generalized Moment Method Method: Evidence from the Organization for Economical Cooperation and Development Countries

Institutional quality and financial development have been considered as two main key of economic growth in recent literature. Regarding institutional quality, it is an essential and necessary condition to enhance financial development, so in this context suitable policies are demanded. Our main aim is to survey the effects of financial development and institutional quality on economic growth for the case of Economic Development and Cooperation Organization Countries in 2002-2014, using GMM method of Dynamic Panel Data. Here also we have used the mean of opinion and response, political stability and lack of violence, administrative efficiency, quality of provisions and legality and corruption control as six institutional indicators as well as the ratio of available credits for private sector in banks to gross product as financial development indicator. The results show that financial development and institutional quality have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in selected countries. Furthermore, from interactive effect, we found that financial development may cause economic growth in developed countries due to their opportune institutional structure.