Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anomaly detection in moving-camera videos with sparse and low-rank matrix decompositions

Apresentamos dois metodos baseados em decomposicoes esparsas que podem detectar anomalias em sequencias de video obtidas por câmeras em movimento. O primeiro metodo estima a uniao de subespacos (UdS) que melhor representa todos os quadros de um video de referencia (livre de anomalias) como uma projecao de baixo-posto mais um residuo esparso. Em seguida, e realizada uma representacao de baixo-posto do video alvo (possivelmente anomalo) aproveitando a UdS e o residuo esparso calculado a partir do video de referencia. As anomalias sao extraidas apos o pos-processamento destas informacoes residuais. Esse algoritmo fornece bons resultados de deteccao, alem de eliminar a necessidade de uma sincronizacao previa dos videos. No entanto, essa tecnica perde eficiencia quando os videos de referencia e alvo apresentam desalinhamentos mais graves entre si. Isso pode ocorrer devido a pequenos movimentos descontrolados da câmera e tremores durante a fase de aquisicao. Para estender sua aplicabilidade, uma segunda contribuicao e proposta a fim de lidar com esse possivel desalinhamento. Isso e feito modelando a discrepância de pose de câmera entre os videos de referencia e alvo com transformacoes geometricas agindo no dominio dos quadros do video alvo. Um algoritmo completo de decomposicao de matrizes e apresentado para realizar uma representacao esparsa do video alvo como uma combinacao esparsa do video de referencia, levando em consideracao as transformacoes que atuam sobre seus quadros. Nosso metodo e entao verificado e comparado com tecnicas de ultima geracao com auxilio de videos de uma base desafiadora, apresentando os desalinhamentos em questao. Sob as metricas de avaliacao usadas, o segundo metodo proposto exibe uma melhoria de pelo menos 16% em relacao ao primeiro, e 22% sobre o metodo melhor avaliado logo em seguida.
THE CONCEPT OF PINK MARKETING: A META-ANALYSIS FROM THE GENDER DIFFERENCES PRESPECTIVE

Women are half the society, but so far women's issues have not been given proper attention in marketing researches. The world needs review papers cover furtherly the nature of dealing with women, with full respect for their rights, without being considered them as second-class populations on this planet. Thousands of scientific studies have identified dozens of gender differences between males and females in most physical, medical and behavioral fields. But literature needs researches that combine these gender differences in order to achieve effective integrations between men and women rather than racial discrimination against women. 17 meta-analyses papers were included in this current study; the results identified more than 74 fundamental differences that must be observed when dealing with women to achieve effective communication. The depended meta-analyses studies covered 1863 of previous studies; their samples were collected from more than 58 countries. One of the seventeen meta-analyses studies was added by this present study, it includes 65 of previous studies. The essence of the modern concept of marketing can be expressed in the question: "How (you/and what you offer) to be accepted from others? " therefore, this study presents a significant contribution in this context by suggesting the academic proposal of the "Marketing Pink" concept. It also could be considered as a strong review paper on the context of how to achieve more effective communication between women and men. Future researchers can address the components of the pink marketing mix and analyze other areas of gender differences to support the issues of successful dealing with women.
Barriers to research implementation in two Yorkshire hospitals

Abstract Background : the BARRIERS to research utilization scale was developed in the US almost a decade ago (Funk et al. 1991). Since then it has been used in several countries with different, relatively small groups of nurses in different settings. The work reported here is a sub-section of a larger survey of more than 2000 nurses working in acute and community settings in Yorkshire. Results for the hospital-based nurses only are presented here. Aim : the aim of the study was to produce a general picture of the main barriers to the implementation of research findings as reported by hospital nurses and to explore sub-samples in order to identify similarities and differences between them. Method : a census survey of nurses from two hospital trusts was undertaken. The BARRIERS questionnaire was sent by mail to 1984 nurses, with a response rate of 36% ( n =712). Results : the greatest area of concern focused on resources. This included time and facilities for implementation and cooperation from colleagues, in particular medical colleagues. Inadequate authority to make changes and incomprehensible statistical analyses were also major barriers. Night nurses and older nurses reported greater difficulties with the accessibility of research and had more negative views of the benefits of research for practice. Conclusions : the provision of time, facilities and peer support appeared to be needed, in keeping with other UK-based studies of hospital nurses using the BARRIERS scale. Nurses needed authority to make changes to practice. Furthermore, there was a need for training to improve nurses’ understanding of statistics, as well as statistics being presented more clearly and with greater explanation. The current drive for evidence-based practice makes the use of an instrument such as the BARRIERS scale to measure the progress of nurses with research implementation highly desirable.
Habitat selection in transformed landscapes and the role of forest remnants and shade coffee in the conservation of resident birds

1. Biodiversity conservation in transformed landscapes is becoming increasingly important. However, most assessments of the value of modified habitats rely heavily on species presence and/or abundance, masking ecological processes such as habitat selection and phenomena like ecological traps, which may render species persistence uncertain. High species richness has been documented in tropical agroforestry systems but comparisons with native habitat remnants generally lack detailed information on species demography and habitat use. 2. We generated a multi-species, multi-measure framework to evaluate the role of habitat selection in the adaptation of species to transformed landscapes, and demonstrate that its use could affect how we value the contribution different land uses make to biodiversity conservation. 3. We analyzed seven years of capture-mark-recapture and observation data for twelve species of resident birds present in native forest remnants and shade coffee plantations in a mega-diverse region. We assessed whether species behaved adaptively by evaluating the correlation between measures of habitat preference (occurrence, abundance, fidelity, inter-seasonal variance and age) and performance (body condition, muscle, primary molt, breeding and juveniles) in forest and coffee, and generated hypotheses about their role in species persistence. 4. We documented adaptive habitat selection for seven species, non-ideal selection for four, and maladaptive selection for one. While many species showed equal-preference and/or equal A cc ep te d A rt ic le
Clinical-Penile cancer Optical biopsy of penile cancer with in vivo confocal laser endomicroscopy

Introduction: Surgical management of penile cancer depends on accurate margin assessment and staging. Advanced optical imaging technologies may improve penile biopsy and organ-sparing treatment. We evaluated the feasibility of confocal laser endomicroscopy for intraoperative assessment of benign and malignant penile tissue. Patients and methods: With institutional review board approval, 11 patients were recruited, 9 with suspected penile cancer, and 2 healthy controls. Confocal laser endomicroscopy using a 2.6-mm fiber-optic probe was performed at 1 or 2 procedures on all subjects, for 13 imaging procedures. Fluorescein was administered intravenously approximately 3 minutes prior to imaging for contrast. Video sequences from in vivo (n = 12) and ex vivo (n = 6) imaging were obtained of normal glans, suspicious lesions, and surgical margins. Images were processed, annotated, characterized, and correlated with standard hematoxylin and eosin histopathology. Results: No adverse events related to imaging were reported. Distinguishing features of benign and malignant penile tissue could be identified by confocal laser endomicroscopy. Normal skin had cells of uniform size and shape, with distinct cytoplasmic membranes consistent with squamous epithelium. Malignant lesions were characterized by disorganized, crowded cells of various size and shape, lack of distinct cytoplasmic membranes, and hazy, moth-eaten appearance. The transition from normal to abnormal squamous epithelium could be identified. Conclusions: We report the initial feasibility of intraoperative confocal laser endomicroscopy for penile cancer optical biopsy. Pending further evaluation, confocal laser endomicroscopy could serve as an adjunct or replacement to conventional frozen section pathology for management of penile cancer. 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Effect of heparin in combined with magnesium sulfate on the blood gas and blood viscosity in patients with pulmonary heart failure

Chronic pulmonary heart disease (CPHD), i.e. pulmonary heart disease, is a commonly severe and acute respiratory disease in China, most of which are originated from COPD, with an increasing morbidity rate. Respiratory failure is a common complication of pulmonary heart disease at the acute and severe stage. The hospital death rate of pulmonary heart disease in China can reach 13.3%44.1%[1]. Currently, routine treatments of anti-inflammation, spasmolysis, asthma relieving, cough suppressing, and phlegm dispersing are involved in the treatment of CPHD; moreover, anticoagulation drug, such as heparin is adopted to reduce the blood viscosity, improve the myocardial metabolism, and strengthen the cardio-pulmonary function[2]. The study is aimed to observe the effect of heparin in combined with magnesium sulfate on the blood gas indicators and blood viscosity in patients with pulmonary heart disease merged with respiratory failure.
Studies on Watershed Segmentation for Blood Cell Images Using Different Distance Transforms

In Biomedical images, image segmentation is a useful process. It partitions an image into its regions or objects. There are several complex images for which effective segmentation is one of the most difficult tasks in image processing. It is possible to use different useful algorithms for such purposes. It is well known that watershed segmentation is one of the most useful and important method for binary images. They have different transform techniques like Euclidean, City block, Chess board. In the present paper Quasi-euclidean transform technique is also used for few select samples of blood smear images. The results obtained in the above four methods are present in this paper.
Effects of the combination of Herba Epimedii and Semen Plentaginis on the aortic ACE 2 / Angiotensin-( 1-7 ) / Mas receptor axis and blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats

This study evaluated the effects of Herba Epimedii-Semen Plentaginis (HESP) on blood pressure and aortic intima media thickness (IMT) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and explored if these effects correlated with the aortic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas receptor (ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor) axis. Twenty-four SHR were randomly assigned to the following three groups: SHR-control, low-dose HESP (12.5 g/ kg), and high-dose HESP (25 g/kg). Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) were measured once per week in conscious rats using a tail-cuff plethysmograph. After 4 weeks of treatment, thoracic aortas and plasma were harvested to measure IMT, nitric oxide (NO), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and Ang-(1-7) levels, as well as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), Mas receptor, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) protein expression. Four weeks of HESP treatment significantly decreased SBP, DBP, and aortic IMT compared to the SHR-control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Moreover, HESP significantly increased plasma Ang-(1-7) levels, aortic Ang-(1-7), NO, and eNOS levels. Moreover, HESP treatment significantly increased ACE2, Mas receptor, and nNOS protein expression. These beneficial effects were particularly pronounced in the high-dose HESP group. In conclusion, HESP attenuates SBP, DBP, and aortic IMT by upregulating the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis and nNOS/ eNOS signaling pathways in SHR.
Ciprofloxacin , oxacillin , piperacillin and sulfamethoxazole by systemic administration for the control of severe infections : Is dose adjustment required for critical burn patients ?

Aim: To investigate the kinetic disposition of ciprofloxacin, oxacillin, piperacillin, and sulfamethoxazole and evaluate PK/PD target attainment in burn patients. Methods: Forty adult burn patients, both genders (76 sets of plasma levels) from the Intensive Care Unit of Plastic Surgery and Burns (ICU) were included in the study. Patients received antimicrobial therapy at the recommended initial dose regimen as part of their medical care. Namely, ciprofloxacin (n = 8 patients/11 sets) and oxacillin (7/10) were prescribed in the early period of treatment; if nosocomial infection was suspected, piperacillin/tazobactam (20/27) was prescribed; sulfamethoxazole (15/28) was also prescribed for the control of documented or suspected infections. Blood sampling was performed during the dosing intervals and drug plasma measurements were performed. Pharmacokinetic data were derived by applying specific software, and drug effectiveness was evaluated based on PK/PD target attainment. Finding: Large variability in the pharmacokinetic data was observed for the investigated antimicrobial agents. For sulfamethoxazole, significant differences were not detected among patients with renal failure and those with preserved renal function. A PK/PD target greater than 60% was attained when renal function was preserved in patients treated with ciprofloxacin, oxacillin, piperacillin and sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion: Unpredictable pharmacokinetics were observed for all of the investigated antimicrobial agents. Based on the PK/PD target attainments, once dose adjustments were not required, the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy against susceptible common pathogens was guaranteed for burn patients with preserved renal function receiving ciprofloxacin (0.5 mg/L, MIC), oxacillin, piperacillin and sulfamethoxazole for the control of infections.
Feedback Stabilization of the Resistive Wall Mode in General Geometry

Many magnetic confinement configurations require the presence of an external perfect conducting wall for their stabilization against the external kink mode. When the resistivity of the external wall is taken into account, long term stability of the plasma then depends on its being stable with respect to the resistive wall mode (RWM). At the present moment, the most promising method for stabilization of the RWM is feedback stabilization with external sensor loops and feedback coils. In this work, we present a general formulation for modeling of feedback stabilization of the RWM for an ideal plasma. We show that the stability of the plasma satisfies a generalized inhomogeneous energy functional. It is a generalization of the usual ideal MHD functional with the inclusion of the resistivity of the external wall and the currents from the external coils; the currents in the external coils provide the inhomogeneous source term. The eigenmodes of the system without the inclusion of the source terms corresponds to the observed RWM without feedback. The sensing of these modes by the sensor loops and the subsequent excitation of them by the external coils form a complete equivalent circuit description of the system during feedback. This set of equations is, in general, non-self-adjoint. However, various quantities, such as the transfer function [1], can be easily derived. In a special case, when the sensor loops and feedback coils are closely coupled to the wall and to each other, the system remains self-adjoint, and can be solved with a flux conserving constraint [2]. The general formulation of the problem have been implemented numerically and applied to the DIII–D tokamak. We found that installing the sensor loops inside of the resistive wall is superior to installing them outside. Numerical examples, which show the effectiveness of the feedback on stabilizing the RWM, are also presented. This is a report of work supported by U.S. DOE Grant DE-FG03-95ER54309 and Contract
Internal flow characteristics of Spill-return pressure-swirl atomizers

The spray produced by pressure-swirl atomizers strongly depends on the character of their internal flow. Flow field inside a swirl chamber of small pressure-swirl spill-return atomizers was examined using high-speed imaging with image post processing using an in-house Matlab code. The dimensions of the production atomizers did not allow direct visualization of their internal flow, so a scaled modular, transparent Plexiglas model was used. Its flow characteristics were matched with the originally sized atomizer using dimensionless numbers (Reynolds, Swirl, Froude numbers). The test conditions were limited to the inlet overpressure of 5 kPa and spill-to-feed ratio, SFR = 0–0.75. Various spill-return configurations were compared in terms of the spatial and temporal behaviour of the internal air-core, and liquid sheet thickness and its perturbations. The only difference among the tested configurations was the geometrical arrangement of the spill-line (SL) orifice through which the liquid is spilled away. The results show that the presence of the SL orifice affects the internal flow characteristics even when the SL is closed. An axially placed SL orifice causes a decay of the internal air-core. The off-axial SL orifices stabilize the aircore, which is vital for regular formation of the liquid sheet and high-quality spray. However, the turn-down ratio and spray stability were found to be dependent on the distance of the SL orifices from the swirl chamber centreline. The results allow to determine the optimum SL configuration for given application.
Problems Facing Newly Breast Feeding Mothers and the Plan of Nursing Action

Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months is viewed as a major public health intervention to reduce the child mortality. The aim of the study was to explore problems facing newly breast feeding mothers and the plan of nursing action. Subjects and Methods: cross sectional study was adopted. A total of 200 women, with children aged less than 40 days from those registered in primary Health Care centers in Tanta City were included in the study. Collection of data covered a period of six months "from March 2017 to August 2017". Results: 32 % mothers had exclusive breast feeding. With the most common barrier was their ignorance about its importance, lack of support and insufficient breast milk (23.0%, 21.5% and 15.0 respectively). More than half of the sample (54.6%) was exposed to nipple and breast problems such as; nipple soreness and cracking, breast engorgement and nipple size problems (51.5%, 39.0% and 34.0% respectively) and 76.0% were exposed to postpartum stress. Conclusion and recommendations: Breastfeeding exclusivity among the present sample was suboptimal, compared to the current WHO recommendations. Meanwhile, newly breast deeding mother were more vulnerable to breast feeding problems, and postpartum stress. The studied factors should be considered when planning programs designed to promote breastfeeding.
The predictive quality of retentivity for skill acquisition and retention in a simulated process control task

Past studies have shown the potential of refresher interventions to mitigate skill decay in process control. More recent studies also indicate the predictive quality of retentivity as a person-related variable. The two presented studies investigated the impact of retentivity on non-routine tasks in the context of simulated ordinary work experience. Study 1 (N=18) compared four retentivity measures (Selective Reminding Test, WIT-2, I-S-T-2000R and Map Learning) as indicators of skill acquisition in a simulated process control task, and showed significant, moderate correlations between the target skill (production outcome) and Map Learning directly after training. Study 2 (N=39) investigated the retentivity constructs in the context of simulated work experience and skill retention, and consisted of four measurement times: 1. ) initial training of the target skill (week 1), 2. ) and 3. )work experience (target skill was not required; week 2 & following week 3) and 4. ) the retention assessment of the target skill (week 4). The control group took part in initial training and retention assessment only. Results showed significant, moderate correlations between Map Learning and production outcome and between WIT-2 and production outcome in retention assessment (after the retention interval). Retentivity constructs and practical implications will be discussed based on these findings.
Fitting a Kalman Smoother to Data

This paper considers the problem of fitting the parameters in a Kalman smoother to data. We formulate the Kalman smoothing problem with missing measurements as a constrained least squares problem and provide an efficient solution method based on sparse linear algebra. We then introduce the Kalman smoother tuning problem, which seeks to adjust parameters in the Kalman smoother to achieve low prediction error on held out measurements. We derive a Kalman smoother auto-tuning algorithm, which is based on the proximal gradient method, that finds good, if not the best, parameters for a given dataset. Central to our method is the computation of the gradient of the prediction error on the held out measurements with respect to the parameters of the Kalman smoother; we describe how to compute the gradient at little to no additional cost. We demonstrate the method on population migration within the United States as well as data collected from a smartphone’s IMU+GPS system while driving.
You Get What You ( don ’ t ) Pay for : The Impact of Volunteer Labour and Candidate Spending at the 2010 British General Election 1

Repeated evidence in Britain demonstrates the positive electoral payoffs from constituency campaigning. However, the impact of such campaigning varies depending upon the electoral context and the effectiveness of campaign management. Debate also exists in respect of the relative impact of traditional versus more modern campaign techniques, as well as between campaign techniques that incur cost and those that are carried out voluntarily. Such debates are of interest not only to academics and political parties, but also to regulators when considering whether to restrict campaign spending in the interests of electoral parity. This article uses candidate spending data and responses to an extensive survey of election agents at the British General Election of 2010 to assess the impact of both campaign expenditure and free, voluntary labour on electoral performance. It suggests that both have some independent impact, but that impact varies by party. The implications of these results are highly significant in both academic and regulatory terms—campaign expenditure can affect electoral outcomes but these effects are offset to some extent by voluntary efforts.