Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rectal tonsil associated with Epstein–Barr virus

Reactive polypoid proliferation of lymphoid tissue has been described along the gastrointestinal tract [1]. Endoscopically, when a non-lymphomatous lymphoid reaction resembling tonsillar tissue is present in the rectum, the polyp is named as “rectal tonsil”. Few cases have been reported in the literature [1,2], and the etiology of this rare condition is unknown [3–5]. Here we describe the case of a 58-year-old man referred to our center with a 6month history of fresh bleeding from the rectum. A colonoscopy was performed and a delineated round, reddish, nodular aggregate measuring 4×3×3cm was found (●" Fig.1). A polypectomy was performed (●" Fig.2), and histological examination (●" Fig.3) revealed infiltration of mucosa, submucosa, and lamina propria of the colon by numerous lymphoid follicles. Immunohistochemical markers were positive for CD20+(B cells), and intraepithelial lymphocytes were positive for CD3+(T cells). Epstein–Barr virus encoded RNA in situ hybridization was positive (●" Fig.3f). At 1and 6-month follow-up, there was no recurrence of the lesion in the rectum. This case represents the first case of rectal tonsil associated with Epstein–Barr virus infection.
Cross‐contamination and infection in the domestic environment and the role of chemical disinfectants

disinfectants are required for specific procedures associated Disinfectants are used in a variety of domestic situations. with food hygiene and healthcare, the cost benefits of disThese may be categorized into four main areas, namely home infectant usage for routine household cleaning require careful hygiene, food hygiene, personal hygiene and home healthcare. consideration. Home healthcare, i.e. infection control in the home as The significant social and economic problems associated opposed to hospital infection control, includes specific situwith infection outbreaks related to the domestic environment ations of increased risk such as care of neonates and geriatrics. have recently been reviewed by Djuretic et al. (1996) and Increasingly it also includes infection control measures associScott (1996), who describe the reported increases in foodated with home nursing of immunocompromised family borne illness in the UK, Europe and the USA, the incidence members, and family members who are carriers of the Human of other hygiene-related infections such as Shigella, rotavirus Immunodeficiency virus or methicillin-resistant Staphyand rhinovirus, and infections associated with domestic pets. lococcus aureus. Decontamination of faecal or other ‘spillage’ In this paper a ‘risk assessment’ approach will be adopted as material from neonates, pets, etc., and procedures such as the basis for developing an effective cleaning and disinfection disinfection of contact lenses must also be regarded as home policy for the domestic environment, giving the scientific healthcare. evidence on which this assessment is based. Firstly, the eviIncreasing concern over ecotoxicological issues emphasizes dence that cross-contamination via domestic surfaces is a a need for rational evaluation of the role of chemical dissignificant factor in the spread of infection will be examined. infectants in preventing spread of infection in the home. Secondly, the home environment will be considered to estabWithin the next two years a European licensing authority will lish situations in which decontamination procedures may be be established which will apply to all disinfectants used in cost effective in preventing infection transfer. Finally the medical, domestic and institutional hygiene. To obtain a effectiveness of chemical disinfection in preventing crossproduct licence, manufacturers will be required to submit contamination will be evaluated relative to other methods of data justifying the effectiveness of products in relation to achieving decontamination. their intended use. It would seem reasonable that the prin-
Food-derived sensory cues modulate longevity via distinct neuroendocrine insulin-like peptides

How sensory neurons coordinate organismal aging in response to changes in environmental signals remains elusive. Artan et al. show that a subset of sensory neurons shortens C. elegans’ life span by differentially regulating the expression of a specific insulin-like peptide (ILP), INS-6. INS-6 in turn relays the longevity signals to nonneuronal tissues by decreasing the activity of the transcription factor DAF-16/FOXO.
Max-Min Fair Millimetre-Wave Backhauling

5G mobile networks are expected to provide pervasive high speed wireless connectivity, to support increasingly resource intensive user applications. Network hyper-densification therefore becomes necessary, though connecting to the Internet tens of thousands of base stations is non-trivial, especially in urban scenarios where optical fibre is difficult and costly to deploy. The millimetre wave (mm-wave) spectrum is a promising candidate for inexpensive multi-Gbps wireless backhauling, but exploiting this band for effective multi-hop data communications is challenging. In particular, resource allocation and scheduling of very narrow transmission/ reception beams requires to overcome terminal deafness and link blockage problems, while managing fairness issues that arise when flows encounter dissimilar competition and traverse different numbers of links with heterogeneous quality. In this paper, we propose WiHaul, an airtime allocation and scheduling mechanism that overcomes these challenges specific to multi-hop mm-wave networks, guarantees max-min fairness among traffic flows, and ensures the overall available backhaul resources are fully utilised. We evaluate the proposed WiHaul scheme over a broad range of practical network conditions, and demonstrate up to 5 times individual throughput gains and a fivefold improvement in terms of measurable fairness, over recent mm-wave scheduling solutions.
The journey of incontinent women from community to university clinic; implications for selection bias, gatekeeper function, and primary care.

BACKGROUND The selection process of patients from community to hospitals may introduce bias into research and hamper the generalization of hospital-based research back to general practice. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to use female urinary incontinence as a model in an attempt to provide empirical support for selection bias. METHOD The analyses are based on three populations of incontinent women: community level (epidemiological survey, 535 women), primary care level (general practice, prospective clinical study, 105 women), and secondary care level (university hospital, prospective clinical study, 228 women). RESULTS The general practice patients were older and the hospital patients younger than those in the community. From community via general practice to hospital, there was an increase in duration, frequency of leakage, amount of leakage, severity and perceived impact of incontinence. Help-seeking at the primary care level was associated with increasing age and severity, and with urge symptoms and substantial impact. Referral from general practice to hospital level was only associated with age and urge symptoms. CONCLUSION The study provides empirical evidence to support the existence of selection bias. This phenomenon must not be overlooked when recommendations developed at the consultant level are presented at a level with a significantly different clinical picture of a condition.
Adapting the Information–Motivation–Behavioral Skills Model

Young sexual minority males are among those at highest risk for HIV infection, yet we know relatively little about the impact of sexual identity development on HIV risk. This study used cross-sectional data to investigate factors associated with HIV-related sexual risk among a sample of sexual minority males (n = 156), ages 14 to 21 years, using an extended version of the information–motivation–behavioral skills (IMB) model tailored for this population. Path analysis results indicated that the extended model predicted a sizable amount of primary and secondary sexual risk (r2 = .35 and .42). In addition to increasing HIV prevention information and motivation and decreasing substance use, study findings suggest that interventions with young sexual minority males should focus on sexual identity development factors including youths’ attitudes toward LBGT people, sex-centered versus identity-centered development, and with specific emphasis on youth with non–male exclusive sexual orientations.
DENTAL ANOMALIES AND ORAL HYGIENE STATUS IN MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN

OBJECTIVE: Mental retardation is a condition in which there is deficiency in all development of motor, cognitive, social, emotional, chronic medical conditions and language functions. This is the commonest form of developmental disability. It is related to nervous system function. Many people with mental retardation also suffer from other disabilities such as cerebral palsy, seizure or psychiatric disorders, attention disorders, hyperactivity, visual abnormalities , communication inability and difficulty in mastication and deglutation. Oral hygiene of these mentally compromised children are not the same as it is found in normal healthy individual. The mentally challenged children maintain a poor oral hygiene and thus they are prone to various oral diseases and anomalies which requires diagnosis and treatment.Adequate oral cleaning in these mentally compromised children is a difficult task due to their improper musculature. They have a high risk of incidence of periodontal disease, malocclusion, drooling of saliva, macroglossia, fissured tongue and high arched palate. METHOD: This study was conducted among 67 patients who fall under the age group of 12-20 years. RESULTS: The clinical findings were significant including higher prevalence of malocclusion, fissured tongue,high arched palate, drooling of saliva,angular chelitis, fractured tooth. CONCLUSION: This study was carried out among the mentally challenged children to know their oral hygiene status and dental anomalies with an idea of guiding them to have a good oral hygiene status and treat the developed dental changes. KEYWORDS : Mental retardation, Poor Oral Hygiene, Dental Anomalies ,Malocclusion, Fissured tongue
XIAP Activity Dictates Apaf-1 Dependency for Caspase 9 Activation

ABSTRACT The current model for the intrinsic apoptotic pathway holds that mitochondrial activation of caspases in response to cytotoxic drugs requires both Apaf-1-induced dimerization of procaspase 9 and Smac/Diablo-mediated sequestration of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs). Here, we showed that either pathway can independently promote caspase 9 activation in response to apoptotic stimuli. In drug-treated Apaf-1−/− primary myoblasts, but not fibroblasts, Smac/Diablo accumulates in the cytosol and sequesters X-linked IAP (XIAP), which is expressed at lower levels in myoblasts than in fibroblasts. Consequently, caspase 9 activation proceeds in Apaf-1−/− myoblasts; concomitant ablation of Apaf-1 and Smac is required to prevent caspase 9 activation and the onset of apoptosis. Conversely, in stimulated Apaf-1−/− fibroblasts, the ratio of XIAP to Smac/Diablo is high compared to that for myoblasts and procaspase 9 is not activated. Suppressing XIAP with exogenous Smac/Diablo or a pharmacological inhibitor can still induce caspase 9 in drug-treated Apaf-1-null fibroblasts. Thus, caspase 9 activation in response to intrinsic apoptotic stimuli can be uncoupled from Apaf-1 in vivo by XIAP antagonists.
Prosodic Analysis and Perception of Mandarin Utterances Conveying Attitudes

After differentiating attitudes from emotions, the present work investigates prosodic manifestations and perceptual attributes of Mandarin utterances conveying various attitudes. A speech corpus was designed to incorporate five classes of attitudes: friendly/hostile, polite/rude, serious/joking, praising/blaming, and confident/uncertain. Perceptual experiment reveals two different patterns between intended and perceived attitudes. Statistical analysis of prosodic features shows that speech rate is distinctive in all five classes, while utterance-level F 0 height and F 0 range are distinctive only for some classes. Moreover, F 0 features in the words carrying sentential stress are more distinctive than utterance-level settings. The relation between perception and acoustics is also examined.
Staining for p53 and Ki-67 increases the sensitivity of EUS-FNA to detect pancreatic malignancy.

AIM To investigate whether tumor marker staining can improve the sensitivity of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) to diagnose pancreatic malignancy. METHODS Patients who underwent EUS-FNA were retrospectively identified. Each EUS-FNA specimen was evaluated by routine cytology and stained for tumor markers p53, Ki-67, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA19-9. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV), and positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR) were calculated in order to evaluate the performance of each test to detect malignancy. RESULTS Sixty-one specimens had complete sets of stains, yielding 49 and 12 specimens from pancreatic adenocarcinomas and benign pancreatic lesions due to pancreatitis, respectively. Cytology alone had sensitivity and specificity of 41% and 100% to detect malignancy, respectively. In 46% of the specimens, routine cytology alone was deemed indeterminate. The addition of either p53 or Ki-67 increased the sensitivity to 51% and 53%, respectively, with perfect specificity, PPV and PLR (100%, 100% and infinite). Both stains in combination increased the sensitivity to 57%. While additional staining with CEA and CA19-9 further increased the sensitivity to 86%, the specificity, PPV and PLR were significantly reduced (at minimum 42%, 84% and 1, respectively). Markers in all combinations performed poorly as a negative test (NPV 26% to 47%, and NLR 0.27 and 0.70). CONCLUSION Immunohistochemical staining for p53 and Ki-67 can improve the sensitivity of EUS-FNA to diagnose pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Los componentes de la velocidad de denominación y su relación con la comprensión lectora en español

La velocidad de denominación es uno de los principales predictores de la lectura especialmente en ortografías transparentes como el español. Si bien ha sido consistentemente estudiada al nivel de la lectura de palabras, pocos trabajos tratan de explicar su relación con la comprensión lectora. Desde la perspectiva del análisis de los componentes de la velocidad de denominación: pausas entre ítems y tiempos de articulación; esta investigación exploró la relación entre la velocidad de denominación y la comprensión lectora en estudiantes chilenos de primero a cuarto básico. Además, evaluó si es que esta relación se explica por las habilidades en la precisión de lectura de palabras y fluidez lectora. Los resultados muestran que ambos componentes comparten una cantidad significativa de varianza con la comprensión. Sin embargo comparativamente es mayor la relación de las pausas entre ítems con la comprensión. Cuando incluimos en la relación entre la velocidad de denominación y la comprensión lectora, la precisión en la lectura de palabras y la fluidez, estas variables median la relación. Los resultados se discuten en el contexto de la velocidad de denominación como una variable relacionada con la fluidez en la lectura y la utilidad de su evaluación en el contexto escolar.
Outcome Studies in Adequacy of Dialysis

The theoretical constructs indicate that, for a 70kg high transport anephric patient, adequate dialysis requires a weekly KtN of 2.0 2.25 (1–5). The prospective cohort studies, with one exception, suggest that better survival requires a weekly KtN >1.89 (7–11). Multivariate analyses confirm the statistical association of patient survival with higher Kt/V(14–17) and with higher CCr (16,17). The use of initial values in one study (15), mean values in two studies (14,16), and time -dependent values in another (17) makes comparison difficult. In general, higher values are associated with better survival and are consistent with the values suggested by theoretical constructs (i.e., KtN 2.0 2.25).
sing social networking websites as a selection tool : The role of selection process airness and job pursuit intentions uan

A growing trend in the hospitality industry is openly encouraging applicants to join their social networking sites as part of their recruitment process (Dolasinki et al., 2010; Madera and Chang, 2011). However, there is a dearth of studies examining how applicants perceive and react to the use of social networking websites in the recruitment and selection process. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to uman resources examine how applicants react to the use of social networking websites as a selection tool. Using experimental methods, participants attending a career fair for hospitality jobs completed a questionnaire after reading about a hospitality company that does or does not use social networking sites in the selection process. The results showed that perceived fairness and job pursuit intentions of applicants were lower for an organization that used social networking websites as a selection tool than an organization that did web not use social networking
The role of the magnocellular pathway in serial deployment of visual attention

Normal human visual function often demands detection of a target among a number of other objects cluttering the scene, such as when searching for a known face in a crowd. In these and similar tasks, the search performed is a serial one, with an attentional spotlight scanning the objects of the scene. We have investigated whether one of the afferent channels in vision, the colour‐blind magnocellular pathway, is essential in such serial searches. We did this by using items that were isoluminant with the background but of a different colour, for which the magnocellular cells would be blind. The search in these conditions required much longer reaction times than when even a very small luminance contrast (2%) was added to the items. Because such luminance contrasts can be detected only by magnocellular cells and not by neurons of the other channels (parvocellular and koniocellular), the magnocellular pathway appears vitally important for serial search. In contrast, in a feature search task, which does not require allocation of attentional resources, the search was as efficient with isoluminance as when luminance contrast was added to the items.
Determinants for swine mycoplasmal pneumonia reproduction under experimental conditions: A systematic review and recursive partitioning analysis

One of the main Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) swine experimental model objectives is to reproduce mycoplasmal pneumonia (MP). Unfortunately, experimental validated protocols to maximize the chance to successfully achieve lung lesions induced by M. hyopneumoniae are not available at the moment. Thus, the objective of this work was to identify those factors that might have a major influence on the effective development of MP, measured as macroscopic lung lesions, under experimental conditions. Data from 85 studies describing M. hyopneumoniae inoculation experiments were compiled by means of a systematic review and analyzed thereafter. Several variables were considered in the analyses such as the number of pigs in the experiment, serological status against M. hyopneumoniae, source of the animals, age at inoculation, type of inoculum, strain of M. hyopneumoniae, route, dose and times of inoculation, study duration and co-infection with other swine pathogens. Descriptive statistics were used to depict M. hyopneumoniae experimental model main characteristics whereas a recursive partitioning approach, using regression trees, assessed the importance of the abovementioned experimental variables as MP triggering factors. A strong link between the time period between challenge and necropsies and lung lesion severity was observed. Results indicated that the most important factors to explain the observed lung lesion score variability were: (1) study duration, (2) M. hyopneumoniae strain, (3) age at inoculation, (4) co-infection with other swine pathogens and (5) animal source. All other studied variables were not relevant to explain the variability on M. hyopneumoniae lung lesions. The results provided in the present work may serve as a basis for debate in the search for a universally accepted M. hyopneumoniae challenge model.
Comparison of three transposons for the generation of highly productive recombinant CHO cell pools and cell lines

Several naturally occurring vertebrate transposable elements have been genetically modified to enable the transposition of recombinant genes in mammalian cells. We compared three transposons—piggyBac, Tol2, and Sleeping Beauty—for their ability to generate cell pools (polyclonal cultures of recombinant cells) and clonal cell lines for the large‐scale production of recombinant proteins using Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO‐DG44) as the host. Transfection with each of the dual‐vector transposon systems resulted in cell pools with volumetric yields of tumor necrosis factor receptor‐Fc fusion protein (TNFR:Fc) that were about ninefold higher than those from cell pools generated by conventional plasmid transfection. On average, the cell pools had 10–12 integrated copies of the transgene per cell. In the absence of selection, the volumetric productivity of the cell pools decreased by 50% over a 2‐month cultivation period and then remained constant. The average volumetric TNFR:Fc productivity of clonal cell lines recovered from cell pools was about 25 times higher than that of cell lines generated by conventional transfection. In 14‐day fed‐batch cultures, TNFR:Fc levels up to 900 mg/L were obtained from polyclonal cell pools and up to 1.5 g/L from clonal cell lines using any of the three transposons. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 1234–1243. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The role of body objectification in disordered eating and depressed mood.

OBJECTIVES The study aimed to extend tests of objectification theory into the realm of depression. The theory's applicability to men was also investigated. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHOD A sample of 115 men and 171 women completed questionnaire measures of self-objectification, depressed mood, disordered eating, as well as the proposed mediating variables of body shame, appearance anxiety, flow and awareness of internal states. RESULTS For women, it was found that depressed mood and disordered eating were both predicted by self-objectification and its corollary of habitual self-surveillance. Path analysis gave strong support to the mediational relationships of the theoretical model. With one major exception (the role of self-objectification), the pattern of relationships was similar for men. CONCLUSION Objectification theory provides a useful framework for identifying predictors of depressed mood.
Implementing fault-tolerant replicated objects using Psync

Psync is an IPC protocol that explicitly preserves the partial order of messages exchanged among a set of processes. A description is given of how Psync can be used to implement replicated objects in the presence of network and host failures. Unlike conventional algorithms that depend on an underlying mechanism that totally orders messages for implementing replicated objects, the authors' approach exploits the partial order provided by Psync to achieve additional concurrency. <<ETX>>