Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Janus Face of Power in Intergroup Contexts: A Further Exploration of the Noblesse Oblige Effect

The authors examined the impact of power on in-group bias by manipulating group members' power over the in-group and power over the out-group as orthogonal factors. Each factor had 3 levels: 0%, 50%, and 100%. Participants were 216 male pupils (12-13 years old). Participants showed no in-group bias when they had 0% control over the in-group, strong in-group bias with 50% control, but less in-group bias with 100% control. Participants showed more in-group bias when they had 0% control over the out-group than when they had 50% or 100% control. The combination of these 2 main effects resulted in the noblesse oblige effect: Group members with complete control over both in-group and out-group expressed less in-group bias than did group members who shared control with an out-group.
Satellite cell count, VO2max, and p38 MAPK in inactive to moderately active young men

Satellite cells (SCs) are responsible for muscle repair following strenuous exercise or injury. SC responses to intervention have been studied, but most studies do not discuss or take into account the substantial variability in SC number among young individuals. We hypothesized that an active lifestyle reflected in higher VO2max may be associated with greater SC number. As training alters basal p38‐mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity, which is associated with SC proliferation, SC count may also correlate with this stress signaling kinase. Muscle biopsies from vastus lateralis of eight male participants were analyzed for fiber type, myogenin, and p38/phospho‐p38 MAPK using SDS‐PAGE and Western blotting. Immunofluorescence was used to detect Pax7+ SCs. Two weeks following the biopsy, subjects underwent an incremental treadmill test to determine VO2max. A strong positive correlation (P = 0.0087) was found between the number of Pax7+ nuclei and VO2max. Pax7+ cell number correlated negatively with phospho‐p38/p38 MAPK (P = 0.0006), but had no correlation with fiber type or myogenin. SC number is proportional to VO2max, and hence it can be postulated that higher levels of physical activity activate SC proliferation but not fusion, underlining the relevance of exercise in stimulating SC pool size even without injury.
Female Preferences Are Not Altered by Early Acoustic Experience in the Neotropical Frog Physalaemus pustulosus

Abstract Female mate choice preferences may be the result of innate factors, experience, or an interaction between the two mechanisms. Understanding the relative contribution and possible interaction between these mechanisms is important for identifying sources of variation in behaviors under sexual selection. In this study, we evaluate the contribution of early experience on the development of mate choice preferences in the Neotropical Túngara Frog, Physalaemus pustulosus. We reared frogs from tadpole stage through sexual maturity in four acoustic treatments: the first group heard a conspecific chorus of Túngara Frogs, the second group heard a heterospecific chorus of the closely related sympatric congener P. enesefae, the third group heard no frog sounds, and the fourth group heard only broadband white noise. At sexual maturity, we tested each female's preferences for conspecific complex vs simple calls and discrimination against calls of the sympatric congener. Female choices in all of these tests were consistent with those in previous studies of wild-caught and laboratory-reared specimens of this species. The acoustic rearing environments in this study did not alter the preferences of females for complex conspecific calls or the discrimination of females against the sympatric congener. This study supports the hypothesis that early experience does not alter the mate choice preferences of female P. pustulosus.
Toward a Comprehensive Instrument of Oral Health Literacy in Spanish

To develop and assess the Spanish Oral Health Literacy Scale (SOHLS) in a Mexican adult population, a repeated survey was undertaken in 227 adults. Participants were interviewed and asked to complete the SOHLS on the basis of the Health Literacy Test developed by the Educational Testing Service. The SOHLS covered literacy skills: location, integration, generation, calculation and return. Cronbach's α was obtained for internal consistency and intraclass correlation coefficient for test–retest reliability. Construct validity was obtained comparing the test score with self perceived oral health and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Mean age was 47.2 years (SD = 14.3 years). Average time for test completion was 24.6 ± 11 minutes; mean score was 24.2 ± 3.8 and Cronbach's α was . 748; the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.766. Spearman's correlation was 0.426 between the test and self perceived oral health. Pearson's correlation was −0.336 between the total test score and the OHIP-14. The instrument has good values of reliability; construct validity is significant but could be improved.
MEMS-Like Phase Shifter with Piezoelectric Control

This paper presents an attempt to realize control over effective parameters of transmission line utilising design suitable for MEMS applications. Proposed combined structure usually consists of two dielectric parts (or dielectric and electrode) with an air gap between them. By means of fast piezoelectric mini-actuator, the size of the air gap is changed. At present time phase shifters, based on varactor and PIN diodes constitute main options in MMICs.
Increased glucose metabolism and alpha-glucosidase inhibition in Cordyceps militaris water extract-treated HepG2 cells

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Recent living condition improvements, changes in dietary habits, and reductions in physical activity are contributing to an increase in metabolic syndrome symptoms including diabetes and obesity. Through such societal developments, humankind is continuously exposed to metabolic diseases such as diabetes, and the number of the victims is increasing. This study investigated Cordyceps militaris water extract (CMW)-induced glucose uptake in HepG2 cells and the effect of CMW treatment on glucose metabolism. MATERIALS/METHODS Colorimetric assay kits were used to determine the glucokinase (GK) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activities, glucose uptake, and glycogen content. Either RT-PCR or western blot analysis was performed for quantitation of glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha (HNF-1α), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3k), protein kinase B (Akt), phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, GK, PDH, and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) expression levels. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of acarbose and CMW were evaluated by absorbance measurement. RESULTS CMW induced glucose uptake in HepG2 cells by increasing GLUT2 through HNF-1α expression stimulation. Glucose in the cells increased the CMW-induced phosphorylation of AMPK. In turn, glycolysis was stimulated, and glyconeogenesis was inhibited. Furthermore, by studying the mechanism of action of PI3k, Akt, and GSK-3β, and measuring glycogen content, the study confirmed that the glucose was stored in the liver as glycogen. Finally, CMW resulted in a higher level of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than that from acarbose. CONCLUSION CMW induced the uptake of glucose into HepG2 cells, as well, it induced metabolism of the absorbed glucose. It is concluded that CMW is a candidate or potential use in diabetes prevention and treatment.
c-myc gene inactivation during induction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells with retinoic acid.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of retinoic acid (RA) on the growth, morphology, oncogene expression and regulation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. METHODS Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line (HNE1) was induced by RA. The RA-treated and control cells were established and cellular morphology and growth patterns were defined. Oncogene expression and regulation were detected by Northern hybridization and DNase-I hypersensitive site analysis. RESULTS RA markedly inhibited cell growth. The growth of HNE1 cells was reduced to 50% of the control level on the 4th day of RA (10(-4) mol/L) treatment. After 4 days of treatment, the rapidly growing polygonal cells were reversed into a slow growing phenotype, with flattened morphology similar to fibroblast-like cells. Northern hybridization showed that c-myc and c-Ha-ras expression was high in HNE1 cells and undetectable in normal blood cells. c-myc was down-regulated at 48 h of RA treatment. In contrast, the c-Ha-ras was not affected. DNase I hypersensitive site analysis detected changes in the regulatory elements of c-myc and c-Ha-ras genes. 5 hypersensitive sites were found in the c-myc of HNE1 cells, while 3 hypersensitive sites disappeared upon HNE1 induction. However, only 1 hypersensitive site was found in c-Ha-ras of RA treated cells and controls. In normal peripheral white blood cells, no DNase I hypersensitive sites were found in the inactive c-myc and c-Ha-ras gene. CONCLUSION RA can induce differentiation in a nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line at high concentration of RA; HNE1 shows some similar patterns of DNase I hypersensitive sites with the common one in other types of cells expressing c-myc. The repression of c-myc expression with induction is accompanied by the loss of 3 DNase-I hypersensitive sites; c-myc has more than one inactive conformation.
Retinoid Signaling Regulates CTGF Expression in Hypertrophic Chondrocytes With Differential Involvement of MAP Kinases

Retinoids are important for growth plate chondrocyte maturation, but their downstream effectors remain unclear. Recently, CTGF (CCN2) was found to regulate chondrocyte function, particularly in the hypertrophic zone. The goal of the study was to determine whether CTGF is a retinoid signaling effector molecule, how it is regulated, and how it acts.
Glycine transport inhibitors as potential antipsychotic drugs

Current antipsychotic drugs are only partially effective in treating schizophrenia and there is a clear need to develop better therapies. An alternative approach to develop new antipsychotics has come from the NMDA receptor hypofunction model for schizophrenia. It has been hypothesised that stimulation of NMDA receptors with glycine site agonists may be therapeutic, and a number of clinical trials of glycine together with standard antipsychotic drugs have been recently been conducted. Modest improvements in negative symptoms have been reported in some studies but a potentially more effective treatment is to use inhibitors of the GLYT1 subtype of glycine transporters. Expression of GLYT1 within the brain correlates with NMDA receptor expression patterns and it has been suggested that GLYT1 may regulate synaptic glycine concentrations. With the development of selective and potent non-transported inhibitors of GLYT1 it should be possible to elevate synaptic glycine concentrations more effectively and thereby to increase NMDA receptor activity. Recent in vitro studies demonstrate that the glycine transport inhibitor, N[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(4’-phenylphenoxy)] propylsarcosine, enhances NMDA receptor activity and the use of this class of compounds in clinical studies is eagerly awaited.
Effects of Pilates Training on Some Physiological Parameters and Cardiovascular Risk Factors of Middle Aged Sedentary Women

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of 8 weeks regular Pilates mat work exercises on the physiological parameters and cardiovascular risk factors of sedentary middle aged women. 20 healthy middle aged sedentary women (experimental=10 and control=10) voluntarily participated in this study. Subjects in the exercise group performed three Pilate’s beginner mat work sessions per week. Each session lasted 45 minutes with 40-60 % intensity over a period of 8 weeks under the supervision of the same Pilates instructor. All subjects’ (exercise and control group), height, weight, resting heart rate (RHR), blood pressure (BP), waist-hip ratio, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%), flexibility, hand grip and back strength, sit up and blood lipids were measured using standardized field and laboratory tests. The data evaluated by the use of SPSS 10.0 software. Test of normality for the data has been performed Kolmogorov–Simirnov Test. Because of our data aren’t normal, the comparison of the groups made by Wilcoxon test at p<0.05 significance level. Flexibility, hand-grip, sit-up scores and back strength significantly increased at the end of the Pilates intervention, however BF%, systolic BP and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) decreased (p<0, 05). No other parameters were found to alter.
11C-MK-8278 PET as a Tool for Pharmacodynamic Brain Occupancy of Histamine 3 Receptor Inverse Agonists

The histamine 3 (H3) receptor is a presynaptic autoreceptor in the central nervous system that regulates the synthesis and release of histamine and modulates the release of other major neurotransmitters. H3 receptor inverse agonists (IAs) may be efficacious in the treatment of various central nervous system disorders, including excessive daytime sleepiness, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Alzheimer disease, ethanol addiction, and obesity. Methods: Using PET and a novel high-affinity and selective radioligand 11C-MK-8278, we studied the tracer biodistribution, quantification, and brain H3 receptor occupancy (RO) of MK-0249 and MK-3134, 2 potential IA drugs targeting cerebral H3 receptors, in 6 healthy male subjects (age, 19–40 y). The relationship among H3 IA dose, time on target, and peripheral pharmacokinetics was further investigated in 15 healthy male volunteers (age, 18–40 y) with up to 3 PET scans and 3 subjects per dose level. Results: The mean effective dose for 11C-MK-8278 was 5.4 ± 1.1 μSv/MBq. Human brain kinetics showed rapid high uptake and fast washout. Binding potential values can be assessed using the pons as a reference region, with a test–retest repeatability of 7%. Drug RO data showed low interindividual variability per dose (mean RO SD, 2.1%), and a targeted 90% RO can be reached for both IAs at clinically feasible doses. Conclusion: 11C-MK-8278 is a useful novel PET radioligand for determination of human cerebral H3 receptor binding and allows highly reproducible in vivo brain occupancy of H3-targeting drugs, hereby enabling the evaluation of novel compounds in early development to select doses and schedules.
Does the genotype predict the phenotype? Evaluations of the hemostatic proteome

Summary. In this review, the complexity arising from the heterogeneity of the human hemostatic proteome is introduced and discussed with respect to impact on the diagnosis, prophylaxis and therapeutic interventions in thrombotic and hemorrhagic diseases. In the ‘healthy’ population, coagulation factor levels extend over a 2–4‐fold range in concentration. In addition, the qualitative performance of these proteins is governed by many molecular events which are influenced both by genetic instructions which influence post‐translational modification and by environmental processes that alter coagulation proteins during circulation. As a consequence, the stimulus–response coupling which follows tissue factor presentation to blood and the subsequent expression of thrombin activity is highly variable even in the ‘normal’ population. The consequences of this molecular heterogeneity and its potential influence on the diagnosis, prophylaxis and ultimate therapy of coagulation diseases are illustrated. It is the intention of the authors to be provocative; encouraging further investigations to understand the clinical significance of the heterogeneity of the human hemostatic proteome.
Differences in Male Breast Cancer Stage, Tumor Size at Diagnosis, and Survival Rate Between Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Regions

Although the incidence for breast cancer in men is lower than for women, male breast cancer (MBC) patients are diagnosed at a later stage and have a higher mortality rate than women. This study examined male cases reported from 1988 through 2006 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute for differences in cancer stage, tumor size at diagnosis, and survival rate between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan regions. Pearson’s chi-square was used to evaluate differences in stage and tumor size at diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess survival differences after adjusting for confounders (race, marital status, median family income, age, and education). Regional differences in tumor grade size and stage at diagnosis were not statistically significant; however, survival differences were observed between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan regions. An interaction between nonmetropolitan area and regional stage MBC was a significant predictor of poorer survival. Raising awareness of MBC in nonmetropolitan areas could save the lives of many men and action should be taken to improve health care access, treatment, and thus prognosis in this population.
An alternative non-cooperative transmission scheme based on coded redundant information

Some of the future wireless networks are related to the provision of higher data rates and lower energy consumption. In contrast to the clear increasing spectrum demand, bandwidth is a limited resource. Cooperative diversity allows to increase the spectral efficiency and the reliability of the communication. However, in scenarios with high node density and high mobile data traffic volume the collaboration between multiple nodes can be a huge challenge. In this paper we focus on cognitive radio scenarios in which the users are only allowed to transmit with a limited power and have few opportunities to access the medium. Then, we propose an alternative non-cooperative transmission scheme based on coded redundant information through which users can automatically revert back, when cooperation is not possible. The results indicate that the proposed method outperforms direct transmission and simple repetition schemes, in terms of reliability, as well as spectral and energy efficiency.
What influences teachers to continue using cloud services?: The role of facilitating conditions and social influence

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the determinants of teachers’ continuance intention concerning cloud services. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a cloud service, namely, Google Sites, to support teacher collaboration and further develop a research model to explore the determinants of their continued usage intention. Findings The findings reveal that continued intention to use the cloud services is primarily determined by their attitude towards using it; attitude towards using is affected by perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness; and perceived ease of use is influenced by facilitating conditions, while perceived usefulness is influenced by social influence. Practical implications This study determines that teachers intend to continue using cloud services once training in using such services has been provided and if they hear favourable opinions from others. Originality/value The paper enables us to better understand factors affecting teachers' continuance intention toward cloud services.
Autobiographical Memory

Our autobiographical memory contains memories of events that have occurred during the course of our lifetime. It can be divided into episodic and semantic memories. Our episodic memories help us recollect times, locations and people while semantic memories deal with general facts. Our knowledge base consists of information pertaining to ourselves including what we are, what we were and what we may become. We can divide this information into a trio of categories:
Dynamic range expansion applied to mass spectrometry based on data-dependent selective ion ejection in capillary liquid chromatography fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance for enhanced proteome characterization.

The characterization of cellular proteomes is important for understanding biochemical processes ranging from cell differentiation to cancer development. In one highly promising approach, whole protein extracts or fractions are digested (e.g., with trypsin) and injected into a packed capillary column for subsequent separation. The separated peptides are then introduced on-line to an electrospray ionization source of a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer for the detection of peptide accurate mass tags that serve as biomarkers for their parent proteins. In this work, we report the use of data-dependent selective external ion ejection in conjunction with FTICR and on-line capillary LC separations for the enhanced characterization of peptide mixtures and a yeast extract proteome. The number of peptides identified in an LC-FTICR analysis of a yeast proteome digest employing data-dependent rf-only dipolar ejection of the most abundant ion species prior to ion accumulation was 40% higher than that detected in a separate LC-FTICR analysis using conventional nonselective ion accumulation.
Patterning of the neocortical projections from the raphe nuclei in perinatal rats: Investigation of potential organizational mechanisms

Serotoninergic (5‐HT), fibers in the cerebral cortex of perinatal rats have a pattern that coincides with the boundaries of primary sensory areas and within the primary somatosensorycortex form the rattunculus. This patterned immunoreactivity (IR) appears about 60 hours after birth and disappears between postnatal days (P‐) 12 and 15. Three experiments were carried out to evaluate mechanisms that might underlie the precise patterning of the 5‐HT‐IR. Retrograde labelling with fluorescent tracers in perinatal rats revealed only a coarse rostrocaudal to ography in the raphe‐cortical projection and the existence of raphe cells projecting to multiple cortical locations. Thus, a precise point‐to‐point, raphe‐cortical projection does not underlie the patterned cortical 5‐HT‐IR.
Isolation of partially purified P450 2D18 and characterization of activity toward the tricyclic antidepressants imipramine and desipramine.

Previous reports have shown that rat brain microsomes are capable of metabolizing tricyclic antidepressants such as imipramine. Subsequent studies have shown that the protein products of several clones isolated from rat brain cDNA libraries are capable of metabolizing imipramine to both its active metabolite, desipramine, and its inactive hydroxylated metabolites. We report here the overexpression and partial purification of P450 2D18 using the baculovirus expression system and the incorporation of a C-terminal [His]4 tag. P450 2D18 was partially purified to a specific content of 4.8 nmol/mg protein and shown to be electrophoretically pure. The apparent KM values for P450 2D18 toward imipramine and desipramine were 374 and 314 microM, respectively. While apparent KM values were similar, P450 2D18 was shown to have a fivefold increased Vmax (2.2 nmol/min/nmol P450) for imipramine compared to desipramine (0.44 nmol/min/nmol P450), suggesting a primary involvement in the activation of imipramine to desipramine. We also examined the effect of the CYP2D6 inhibitor quinidine, the CYP3A inhibitor ketoconazole, and the dopamine reuptake inhibitor GBR-12935 for their ability to inhibit P450 2D18-mediated metabolism of imipramine. These results, when compared with previous studies using rat brain microsomes, suggest that P450 2D18 may play an important role in the conversion of imipramine to its active metabolite desipramine in the rat brain.