Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Dollarization on Human Resources in the Hospitality Industry in Zimbabwe

The study investigated effects of dollarization on Hospitality Industry's Human Resources. A qualitative study was done in hotels located at one of Zimbabwe's renowned tourist resort (Nyanga). Semi structured questionnaires were used to collect data and thematic data analysis adopted. Major issues to emerge from the study were improved employee performance, decreased staff turnover, high staff morale and improved employee benefits. It was concluded that apart from the disadvantage of the country's loss of monetary and fiscal sovereignty, dollarization positively affected the hospitality industry's human resources. It is therefore recommended that dollarization should continue in the Zimbabwean economy for continued benefits of employees and their families until such a time when introduction of local currency does not in any way erode the gains realised as a result of dollarization.
Weight Regain After Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Look at the Benefits of Re-sleeve

Introduction Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has become one of the most commonly performed weight loss procedures due to its simpler technique and lower complication rate as compared to the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and duodenal switch. However, weight regain is seen in patients with a large gastric fundus. In these cases, a revision laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (reLSG) aiming at resecting the excess pouch is a promising option for correction. Methods From April 2013 to March 2016, six patients underwent a reLSG for a failure of weight loss after the demonstration of a large gastric fundus on the upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series. Results One patient out of six (16.7%) suffered from a gastric leak and was lost to subsequent follow-up. The rest (83.3%) had a smooth recovery and were followed up for a mean of 18 months. Mean excess weight loss (EWL) was 68%, with a minimum of 48% and a maximum of 75%. Conclusion reLSG is a promising option for failed weight loss after LSG in patients who demonstrate the presence of a large gastric pouch. It carries a higher complication rate than the initial procedure. Further trials and meta-analyses are needed to prove the efficacy of this procedure.
Neuroprotective Effect of Ginseng radix on ICH-induced Rats

Cerebrovascular accident is a primary cause of disability in industrialized countries and is the third leading cause of death in North America, Europe, and Asia. Of these, intracerebral hemorrhage is a devastating clinical condition, accounting for 15% of all stroke hospitalizations . Intracerebral hemorrhage is one of the most devastating types of stroke, which commonly occurs in the striatum, thalamus, cerebellum, and pons. Intracerebral hemorrhage is associated with severe neurological deficits and a considerable mortality rate. In hemorrhagic stroke, brain damage occurs through multiple mechanisms. These mechanisms include direct tissue destruction, the space-occupying effect of the hematoma, ischemic damage to adjacent tissue, clotderived toxic factors, and edema formation. Recently, apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, has become known as an important form of intracerebral hemorrhage-induced neuronal cell death. It has also been reported that neuronal cell death in the parenchyma occurs by an apoptotic mechanism in ICH rats and is associated with the induction of caspase-3 in cells adjacent to the hematoma. Caspases, which make up a family of cysteinyl proteases encompassing 14 members, are essential players in apoptotic cell death
Symplectic geometry of homological algebra

With any scheme X over ground field k we can associate a k-linear triangulated category Perf(X) of perfect complexes, i.e. the full subcategory of the unbounded derived category of quasi-coherent sheaves on X, consisting of objects which are locally (in Zariski topology) quasi-isomorphic to finite complexes of free sheaves of finite rank. The category Perf(X) is essentially small, admits a natural enhancement to a differential graded (dg in short) category up to a homotopy equivalence, and is Karoubi (e.g. idempotent) closed. The main idea of derived noncommutative algebraic geometry is to treat any Karoubi closed small dg category as the category of perfect complexes on a “space”. By a foundamental result of A. Bondal and M. Van den Bergh, any separated scheme of finite type is affine in the derived sense, i.e. Perf(X) is generated by just one object. Equivalently,
Housing Booms , Declining Manufacturing , and Rising Non-Employment Since 2000

We study the extent to which the U.S. housing boom and subsequent housing bust during the 2000s masked (and then unmasked) the sharp, ongoing decline in the manufacturing sector. We exploit cross-city variation in manufacturing declines and housing booms and jointly estimate their effects on local employment and wages. Between 2000 and 2007, we find that a one standard deviation decrease in manufacturing labor demand reduces the share of non-college men employed by 0.9 percentage points, and a one standard deviation positive housing demand shock increases the employment share by roughly the same magnitude —enough to fully offset the adverse effects of declining manufacturing. We also find that housing booms significantly increase the likelihood that a displaced manufacturing worker finds employment, suggesting that at least some of our aggregate “masking” represents non-employment growth that would have occured earlier in the absence of the housing boom. Lastly, applying our estimates to the national labor market, we find that non-employment growth was reduced by roughly 30 percent between 2000 and 2007 due to the large, temporary increases in local housing prices, and we find that roughly 40 percent of the aggregate change in non-employment between 2000 and 2011 can be attributed to the decline in manufacturing. (JEL J21, E24, E32) 1E-mail: kcharles@uchicago.edu; Erik.Hurst@chicagobooth.edu; noto@chicagobooth.edu. We thank seminar participants at the Einaudi Institute, the NBER Summer Institute (Macro Perspectives), and the Chicago Federal Reserve Board for helpful comments. We are grateful to David Toniatti and Dan Zangri for excellent research assistance. We gratefully acknowledge the Initiative on Global Markets at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business for financial support. Hurst thanks the Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies at the University of British Columbia and Notowidigo thanks the Einaudi Institute for both their financial support and hospitality while working on this project.
The Renin-Angiotensin System and the Sympathetic Nervous System in Hypertension and Congestive Heart Failure: Implications for Therapeutic Interventions

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) are both contributors to the development and maintenance of hypertension. It has recently been recognised that extensive interactions occur between the RAS and SNS. In addition to the classical interactions occurring between the SNS and RAS on an organ and cellular level, there is evidence that disordered subcellular crosstalk can occur between the effectors of the SNS and angiotensin II. This results in the promotion of structural remodelling of cardiac tissue seen in both hypertension and congestive heart failure. Therefore, optimal drug therapy for hypertension and congestive heart failure would attenuate both the RAS and SNS while also restoring the balance of disordered crosstalk between the systems. AT1 receptor blockers are the most recent class of cardiovascular therapeutic agents. Preclinicial studies to date show that the antihypertensive effects of AT1 receptor blockers may be mediated through their effects on the SNS as well as the RAS. Eprosartan was found to be more potent in its effects on the sympathetic nervous system than other non-peptide AT1 receptor blockers and shows the lowest ratio between the effective doses on RAS and SNS. This high sympatholytic potency may be a result of differences in chemical structure and receptor-binding characteristics of eprosartan when compared with other AT1 receptor blockers. It remains to be seen whether these potentially significant therapeutic implications for hypertension and congestive heart failure translate into the clinical setting. J Clin Basic Cardiol 2001; 4: 47–51.
Patterns of phenotypic variation in a germplasm collection of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) from Turkey

Phenotypic diversity was assessed for quantitative and qualitative traits in a collection of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) germplasm from different areas of Turkey. A total of 48 genotypes, including germplasm lines and commercial cultivars, were studied under field conditions at Izmir over two consecutive summers (2004 and 2005). All accessions were characterized for 67 agro-morphological traits from seedling emergence to crop maturity. Morphological data were subjected to principal components analysis followed by hierarchical agglomerative clustering. This provided seven groups based on morphological and agronomic properties. The first six principal components axes accounted for 54.29% of the variance among the 48 accessions and their lines. The greater part of variance was accounted for by traits such as fruit diameter, fruit weight, volume, fruit wall thickness, fruit productivity, and fruit soluble solid and dry matter content. The high diversity found in the collection showed its great potential for improving agronomic traits in pepper.
Spur Gear Vibration Mitigation by Means of Energy Pumping

The dynamic behavior of a spur gear pair can be studied in terms of transmission error considering a single degree of freedom system. Thus, a mechanical system exhibiting combined parametric excitation and clearance type nonlinearity is examined by means of numerical integrations and continuation methods in an effort to explain its complex behaviour, as it is commonly observed in the steady state forced response of rotating machines. The specific case of a preloaded mechanical oscillator having a periodically time varying stiffness function and subject to a symmetric backlash condition is considered. Even if such an oscillator represents the simplest model able to analyze a single spur gear pair, it exhibits complex dynamic phenomena, including jumps, superharmonics, subharmonic resonances and dynamic bifurcations. In order to reduce the vibration of the system, a nonlinear absorber is applied. Unlike common linear and weakly nonlinear systems, systems with strongly nonlinear elements are able to react efficiently on the amplitude characteristics of the external forcing in a wide range of frequencies. A strongly and essentially nonlinear, lightweight, with cubic stiffness oscillator is then attached to the main nonlinear system under periodic parametric forcing and the performance of this nonlinear energy sink (NES) for vibration mitigation is investigated. NOMENCLATURE
Tamaño de la fratría y victimización escolar

Title: Number of siblings and school victimization Abstract: This work studies the association between number of siblings and victimization at school. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 28 secondary schools in Murcia (Spain). Sample of 2552 children aged 11 to 18 completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire, that in- cluded socio-demographic information, quality family relationships and school victimization. Victimization was measured by asking children to re- call specific acts they had suffered during the previous week. Only children and those with 4 or more brothers or sisters referred the highest levels of school victimization. Our study suggests that the number of brothers and sisters are related to the level of victimization at school.
Physicochemical and biochemical characteristics evaluation of seven improve cassava ( Manihot esculenta crantz) varieties of Côte d'Ivoire

A lot of people around the world convert cassava roots into different products according to local customs and preferences. In Cote d’Ivoire, due to its high consumption, cassava is a subject of concern to researchers. For that purpose, seven improved varieties of cassava (with better productivity and resistance to many diseases), were set up by CNRA. Nevertheless, their valorization and popularization need information about physico-chemical, biochemical and sensorial characteristics. So, the aim of this study was to identify the best improved varieties regarding these characteristics. The physicochemical,'biochemical and sensorial characteristics were determined according to several standard methods and then the different data were submitted for statistical analyses. Three clusters of varieties were identified. The first cluster (C1) presented the highest energy value (170.26 Kcal/100 g), carbohydrate (37.65 g/100 g), starch (22.52 g/100 g), dry matter (40.79 g/100 g) and the lowest moisture (59.24 g/100 g) and reducing sugar (0.36 g/100 g). In opposition, the second cluster (C2) registered the lowest energy value (130.12 Kcal/100 g), carbohydrate (25.80 g/100 g), starch (6.12 g/100 g), dry matter (29.59g/100 g) while its moisture (70.41 g/100 g) and reducing sugar (0.91 g/100 g) where the highest. The third cluster (C3) presented values between those of cluster 1 and 2. Sensorial characteristics of all the cassava varieties were accepted. Varieties V4, V54 and V69 of the cluster C1, recorded the best characteristics. Key words: Valorization, popularization, cassava, characteristics, sensorial, original, cluster.
The Impact of Financial Leverage on Firm Performance in Fuel and Energy Sector, Pakistan

Fuel and Energy are playing a vital role in the economy of developing and developed countries. It provides support for the economic development of the country by viewing positive trends towards the sector’s growth, over and above serving as a control for the growth of firms different departments like; manufacturing, trading and service. It offers considerable participation for production, trade and service. General perceptions are happening that the financial leverage is supportive to increase the financial performance of the firms. For calculating the impact of financial leverage on the firm financial performance, it is necessary to understand that whether there is a positive relationship lies between the financial leverage and financial performance or not? So, in this study, I’m going to test the hypothesis and to see the impact of financial leverage on the firm financial performance of the Fuel and Energy sector in Pakistan. The main aim of this study is to examine the simplification that the firms get work with high profits may choice high leverage by using different statistical tools. The analysis of this study shows that financial leverage positively affects the firm financial performance by accepting the alternate hypothesis H 1 and H o is rejected. The study confirms that those firms who having high profits must improve their financial performance because of having high liquidity conditions. It also expose that the participant (investor/owners) of the fuel and energy in Pakistan can improve their financial performance by occupying the financial leverage and can achieve a sustainable future growth by making proper decisions about the selection of their most favorable capital structure. Key w ords: Financial leverage, Firm Performance, Energy crisis, Financial Ratios, Fuel and Energy Sector in Pakistan
Floristic diversity and uses of medicinal plants sold by street vendors in Gaborone, Botswana

The sale of herbal medicine, either as concoctions or single plant specimens, has become common in the streets and main shopping centres of major towns and cities in Botswana. A study was undertaken to collect information on the uses of medicinal plants sold by street vendors in Gaborone, Botswana, during June 2008 to December 2008. The indigenous knowledge of the street vendors and the plants used for medicinal purposes were collected through questionnaire and personal interviews during field trips. The survey showed that the street vendors used 47 species of plants distributed in 45 genera belonging to 29 families to treat various diseases and health conditions. The documented medicinal plants were mostly used to cure skin sores, sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and asthma. In this study, the most dominant families are the Asteraceae and Fabaceae, each with 5 species and roots were most frequently used for the treatment of diseases accounting for 62% of the medicines sold. This study showed that many people in Botswana still continue to depend on medicinal plants for primary healthcare. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hofstadter’s butterfly and Langlands duality

We dig out a deeper mathematical structure of the quantum Hall system from a perspective of the Langlands program. An algebraic expression of the Hamiltonian with the quantum group is a cornerstone. The Langlands duality of the quantum group sheds light on the fractal structure of Hofstadter's butterfly. This would imply a "quantum Langlands duality".
Viability of microflora of market fermented milk products in simulated conditions of gastric and duodenum.

Background. The non-probiotic lactic acid bacteria have only rarely been used in in vitro or in vivo studies, because they are not considered to exert health benefits. To exert the beneficial effect in human organism, LAB needs to meet some criteria, for example the viability in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The aim of this work was to determine the viability of microflora of chosen market non-probiotic fermented milk products in simulated gastric and duodenal fluids. Material and methods. Ten market non-probiotic fermented milk products bought in Warsaw were used in this study. Ten grams of each product have been suspended in simulated gastric fluid, and then the mixture has been transferred into simulated duodenal fluid. Immediately after bacteria inoculums addition and at the end of the experiment, the number of lactobacilli and lactococci was measured. Results. The number of lactococci or streptococci decreased by 0.1-0.3 log cycle after 3 h in gastric mixture. Only in one yoghurt the population of streptococci decreased by 0.9 log cycle. The population of lactobacilli did not change in condition of simulated gastric fluid. The significant reduction of lactobacilli, lactococci and streptococci population was observed after the transfer of mixture into simulated duodenal fluid and incubation in this condition for 5 h. After the end of experiments in every studied sample the number of microflora remained at the level above 6 log CFU/mL. Conclusions. The results indicate that the condition simulating gastric fluid is not a menace to viability of lactic acid bacteria, if they are protected by milk products. The significant reduction of bacteria number in simulated duodenal fluid was probably caused by cell shock to intensive pH change of environment and loss of protective barrier caused by digestive enzymes activity.
The Relationship between Protean Career Orientation and Perceived Employability: A Study of Private Sector Academics of Pakistan

This study investigated the effect of protean career orientation on individual's perceived employability. This is the first study of its nature which tried to establish the relationship between protean career orientation and perceived employability. We used protean career theory to develop our conceptual framework. Data were collected from the academic staff of private sector universities by using the stratified sampling technique. Theoretical model was tested using the data obtained from 192 respondents. Measurement model is tested by using the confirmatory factor analysis. To test our hypothesized model, we employed structural equation modelling technique in AMOS 21. The researcher found a statistically significant relationship between protean career orientation and perceived employability. This study also provides the implications for the management.
Capacity of κ-μ Shadowed Fading Channels

The ergodic capacity of fading channels modeled with a κ-μ shadowed distribution is investigated to derive closed-form expressions. The κ-μ shadowed distribution is of particular interest because it contains, as special cases, other classical ones like one-side Gaussian, Rayleigh, Rician, Nakagami-m, κ-μ, and Rician shadowed distributions. The paper discusses the physical meaning of the distribution parameter variations and also their impact on the channel capacity. These results can be used to study the behavior of different channels like the ones in underwater acoustic communications, land mobile satellite systems, body centric communications, and other wireless communication applications. The analytical closed-form expression results are validated with numerical simulations.
Evaluating the Impact of Land Redistribution: A CGE Microsimulation Application to Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe has recently gone through a widely criticised land reform process. The country has suffered immensely as a result of this badly orchestrated reform process. Yet land reform can potentially increase average incomes, improve income distribution and as a consequence reduce poverty. This paper presents a counterfactual picture of what could have happened had land reform been handled differently. The paper uses a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model coupled with a microsimulation model in order to quantify the impact of land redistribution in terms of poverty, inequality and production. This is one of the first attempts to apply such an approach to the study of the impact of land reform on poverty and distribution in the context of an African country. The results for the land reform simulations show that the reform could have had the potential of generating substantial reductions in poverty and inequality in the rural areas. The richer households, however, would have seen a slight reduction in their welfare. The aggregate gains and the distributional effects could have been reinforced if the new resettled farmers had been able to maintain a high intensity of production. What underpin these positive outcomes are the complementary adjustments in the fiscal deficit and external balance, elements that were generally lacking from the way ZimbabweOs land reform was actually executed. These results tend to suggest that well planned and executed land reforms can still play an important role in reducing poverty and inequality.
Relationship between Tracheostomy and Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care

Address for Correspondence: Fatma Yıldırım, e.mail: ftagassi@hotmail.com DOI: 10.5152/dcbybd.2017. 1434 ©Copyright 2017 by Turkish Society of Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine Available online at www.dcyogunbakim. org Tracheostomy is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in intensive care units (ICUs) for preventing complications caused by prolonged mechanical ventilation. Tracheostomy is advised to remove tracheobronchial secretions, facilitate weaning, and promote early oral feeding. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is hospital-acquired pneumonia that develops 48 h after endotracheal intubation in patients without pneumonia at the beginning of intubation. VAP is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity, particularly in critically ill patients. In addition to its already known advantages, it is a debatable issue whether tracheostomy is a risk factor for VAP. The timing of the procedure is a topic that has been discussed in the literature. Previous studies have revealed that tracheostomy can be performed when the predicted intubation duration is 2 weeks or more. In this review, early or late tracheostomy and its effect on VAP development in ICUs will be discussed along with current literature.