Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Blair's project in retrospect

New Labour came into being as an attempt to frame a successor project to Thatcherism, but in practice it has proved to be a continuation of it. Blair's project was to achieve hegemony for Labour by blending free market policies with a concern for social cohesion. He accepted the new economic settlement that Thatcher had established, but believed it could be made more sustainable if it was tempered with a concern for social justice. Within the Labour Party his project was set in terms of modernizing social democracy, but in the country as a whole it was perceived as a variation on One Nation Toryism—a strand in the British political tradition which the Conservatives had seemingly forgotten. In fact, Blair's domestic agenda has had more in common with Thatcher's than with either social democracy or One Nation Toryism. There were significant constitutional reforms in the first term, but privatization and the injection of market mechanisms into hitherto autonomous institutions has remained the central thrust of policy. Blair has been committed to modernizing Britain, but his conception of modernization was a variation on Thatcher's. In one centrally important area, Blair diverges from Thatcher: he believes an essential component of Britain's modernization was an improved relationship with the EU, culminating in British entry into the euro. Yet his uncompromising support for the US over Iraq has left Britain as deeply alienated from France and Germany as it had ever been in Thatcher's time. Britain may still some day join the euro, but it will not be Tony Blair who takes us in. Blair's strategy was to attain hegemony for New Labour by appropriating the Thatcherite inheritance. In domestic terms, this strategy has been a success, but it relies on continuing Conservative weakness and an economic and international environment congenial to neo-liberal policies. At present both of these conditions appear to be changing to Blair's disadvantage. The Conservative Party seems to be shaping a post-Thatcherite agenda. At the same time, the US is leading a movement away from neo-liberal orthodoxies towards protectionism and deficit financing and faces an intractable guerrilla war in Iraq. In these circumstances, the neo-Thatcherite strategy that sustained Blair in power could prove to be his undoing.
Performance Analysis of UHF Mobile Satellite Communication System Experiencing Ionospheric Scintillation and Terrestrial Multipath Fading

This paper analyzes a mobile satellite communication system with respect to the BER performance between a geostationary satellite and a moving node. Specifically, we study a scenario where the channel causes ionospheric scintillation-based multipath fading within the UHF frequency band. The scenario considers medium and high ionospheric scintillation indexes for Rural Area (RA) and Hilly Terrain (HT) multipath profiles. A BER performance decrease of more than 2 orders of magnitude for an ionospheric scintillation index of 0.3 occurs when the terrestrial multipath fading is added to ionospheric scintillated signals. This effect can be associated with satellite link loss, such as the one observed during Operation Anaconda at the Battle of Takur Ghar [1] in Afghanistan. Consequently, we propose a channel model that accounts for these effects, composed by two Rician channels connected in series and employs a K-factor equation in terms of the terrain's reflection coefficient.
Do Incumbents Utilise local Government Budgets in Their Renomination in Regional General Elections? Evidence From Indonesia

The phenomenon of money politics in regional general election needs special attention,especially when an incumbent become a candidate in the election. Being nominated as acandidate in the election, incumbents have an opportunity and a tendency to politicise localgovernment budgets to support their political objective to be re-elected. Grant expenditures andsoeial aid expenditures are the most probable parts of local government budget that could be utilised by the incumbent. Therefore, this study isfocused to analyse data of grant expenditures and social-aid expenditures of local government budgets from fiscal year 2009 to 2010, the period of the most frequent regional general elections that have ever been held in Indonesia. The objective of this study is to investigate whether incumbents utilize local government budgets in their re-nomination in the regional election. To achieve the objective, this study tests whether: (1) significant differences exist in grant expenditure and social aid expenditure of incumbent local government budgets before and during the process of the regional election; (2) significant differences exist in grant expenditure and social aid expenditure between incumbent local government budgets and non-incumbents local government budgets. The data were analysed using paired sample t-test, independent sample t-test, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and Mannwhiteney-test with a = 5%. The results show that incumbent candidates tend to utiliselocal government budgets in their re-nomination in the regional election.
The development of the EU asylum policy: venue-shopping in perspective

The development of the EU asylum and migration policy is often explained as the result of ‘venue-shopping’, that is, the move by policy-makers to an EU policy venue in order to avoid national constraints. This article demonstrates that, contrary to what would have been expected on the basis of this widespread view, EU co-operation on asylum matters has actually led to a rise in the legal standards applicable to asylum-seekers and refugees. This outcome can be mainly explained by broader changes that have gradually affected the EU ‘system of venues’ and have thereby decreased the likelihood of more restrictive measures being adopted in the EU asylum policy venue. This has important implications for the EU governance of asylum and migration in general.
Relationship between initiative risk management and firm value: evidence from Chinese financial listed companies

Abstract This study considers 189 Chinese financial listed companies between 2009 and 2013 as research samples to establish indicators for evaluating the initiative risk management behaviour of financial enterprises. This work further examines the relationship between initiative risk management and firm value. Results show that financial enterprises could effectively increase firm value by taking initiative risk management measures, such as setting up departments or positions that specialize in risk management, using financial derivative instruments or engaging popular international accounting firms as audit institutions. Moreover, results reveal that the permeability of initiative risk management has an unstable effect on firm value, that is, a nonlinear relationship exists between the permeability of initiative risk management and firm value.
Human Aortic Fibrolipid Lesions: Immunochemical Localization of Apolipoprotein B and Apolipoprotein A

Comparative localization of apollpoprotelns (apo) B and A In small, raised fibrolipid lesions was performed to determine whether low density llpoprotelns (LDL) and high density lipoprotelns (HDL) may be involved In the formation of the earliest Identifiable llpld-rich core regions found In atherosclerotic fibrous plaques. Apo B was observed associated with the superficial layer of foam cells In collagenous areas of the lesion cap and within the llpld-rlch core region. The llpld-rich core region was well-circumscribed by an Intense band of apo B staining along both lumlnal and medial aspects. Apo A staining was confined to the noncellular elements of the fibrolipid lesion. Collagenous areas were speckled with fine, punctate granules of Immunoreactlve apo A. A homogeneous, granular apo A staining pattern was characteristic throughout the core region. With these data from a relatively early lesion In the development of the atherosclerotic fibrous plaque, we conclude that:1) both LDL and HDL can accumulate In the llpld-rlch core region since no preferential staining for apo B over apo A was observed in this region, and 2) the paucity of cell-associated apo A staining In small fibrolipid lesions suggests that HDL Interacts with the arterial wall differently than does HDL.
A Survey of Relation between Elements of Hidden Curriculum and Scientific Spirit of Students

هديكچ لصا فده ي نيا شهوژپ سررب ي ب هطبار ي هفلؤم ن اه ي سرد همانرب ي حور و ناهنپ ي ملع ه ي وجشناد ي نا س رد ناشاك هاگشناد صحت لا ي ل ي 1388 1387 دوب . ا رد ي هب هفلؤم تفه شهوژپ ن ناونع هفلؤم اه ي سرد همانرب ي شزومآ رد ناهنپ لاع ي ن رد ظ لماش هك تسا هدش هتفرگ ر ف راتخاس ي ز ي ك ي و رامعم ي هاگشناد ، م لباقتم طابترا ي اضعا نا ي تئيه ملع ي وجشناد و ي نا ناوق ، ي تاررقم و ن ، شور اه ي ردت ي اوتحم ،س ش ، ي هو اه ي شزرا ي با ي وج و عامتجا ي تسا . صوت عون زا شهوژپ شور ي ف ي – گتسبمه ي تسا . رامآ هعماج ي لك لماش ي وجشناد ه ي نا نز و درم هدكشناد اه ي ناسنا مولع ي اپ مولع ، ي سدنهم و ه ي و دوب ناشاك هاگشناد دادعت 250 رفن ) 101 نز و 149 درم ( اب شور هنومن گ ي ر ي فداصت ي خ هشو ا ي باختنا دش دن . ازبا شهوژپ ر ققحم همانشسرپ لماش هتخاس 35 وگ ي قم اب ه ي سا جنپ ل هناگ ي ترك تسا . رض ي ب اپ ي ا يي افلآ ي قم خابنورك ي سا 82 / 0 دش هبساحم . زجت رد ي و ه لحت ي ل هداد رض زا اه ي گتسبمه ب ي پ ي نوسر ، لحت ي راو ل ي سنا ي فرط ك ه ، t كوت نومزآ و لقتسم ي دش هدافتسا . اتن ي داد ناشن ج هك ب ي هفلؤم مامت ن اه ي سرد همانرب ي حور اب ناهنپ ي ملع ه ي وجشناد ي هطبار نا دراد دوجو . ب ي وجشناد ن ي نا نز و درم ن ي رد طقف ز ي ك ي هفلؤم زا اه ) م لباقتم طابترا ي اضعا نا ي تئيه ملع ي وجشناد و ي نا ( رادانعم توافت ي دراد دوجو ) 0.05 p< و 2.75 t = . (
A Multiprotein Complex That Interacts with RNA Polymerase II Elongator*

A three-subunit Hap complex that interacts with the RNA polymerase II Elongator was isolated from yeast. Deletions of genes for two Hap subunits, HAP1 andHAP3, confer pGKL killer-insensitive and weak Elongator phenotypes. Preferential interaction of the Hap complex with free rather than RNA polymerase II-associated Elongator suggests a role in the regulation of Elongator activity.
Does foreign direct investment really enhance China's regional productivity?

While foreign direct investment (FDI) is widely recognized as one of major driving forces on promoting the regional economic growth in China, its impact on regional productivity is unclear and less systematically investigated. This article investigates the effect of FDI on regional productivity in China. Specifically, we adopt a newly developed measure of total factor productivity (TFP) to deal with the endogenous inputs choice accompanied with various measures of FDI, enabling to provide robust estimates on the TFP effect of FDI. Moreover, we examine the role of absorptive ability on the FDI-TFP nexus and explore the existence of FDI spillover effect on productivity across regions. The potential difference in productivity effect of FDI between coastal and non-coastal regions is also examined. Based on the province-level panel dataset over the period 1997–2006, the various estimates show that the overall productivity effect of FDI is significantly positive, while this effect depends heavily on the host region's absorptive ability. Technological gap is found to associate with a significantly negative coefficient along with the finding that FDI tends to exhibit a higher impact on productivity in coastal regions than their non-coastal counterparts, highlighting a widening income inequality between coastal and non-coastal regions in China.
ISO 9000 implementation: a study of manufacturing companies in Saudi Arabia

This study identifies the costs, benefits and the satisfaction level with ISO 9000 implementation in Saudi Arabian firms. A survey of 140 ISO 9000 certified manufacturing companies was carried out. The results suggest that these manufacturing companies were satisfied with ISO 9000 as far as the benefits gained from certification and its costs were concerned. They considered the benefits of ISO 9000 certification to exceed the costs of attaining the standards, and believed that ISO 9000 contributed to organisational survival and success.
Auditor quality effects on the relationship between accruals, cash flows and equity returns: a variance decomposition analysis

In this paper, we examine the relative importance of the cash flow and accruals components of earnings in explaining the variation in UK company equity returns, together with the extent to which these relationships vary by auditor quality. We use a multivariate time-series approach that can be reconciled to a log-linear theoretical valuation model and, unlike the standard linear regression of returns on earnings components, accommodates time-varying discount rates. Based on a decomposition of the variance of equity returns, cash flows and accruals, our results indicate that both cash flow news and accruals news are important drivers of UK equity returns, although cash flows are more influential than accruals. We also find that variation in both earnings components has a more significant effect on returns for clients of large auditors. Finally, our results provide mixed evidence on the question of whether the impact of auditor quality is highest for the accruals component of earnings.
Increased pregnancy after reduced male abstinence

This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that continuous epididymal sperm depletion after recurrent ejaculations (REC) in contrast to a period of abstinence (ABS) results in a decreased level of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and a consequent increased rate of pregnancy. Forty couples undergoing intra-cytoplasmic injection (ICSI) were asked to abstain from ejaculation for a period of 4 days and then ejaculate once per day for a period of 4 days, followed by a period of abstinence for 12 hours; sperm samples obtained after ABS and REC were assessed for volume, concentration, motility, and SDF and compared in 25 of the patients. Additionally, and in a different experiment, the pregnancy rate of this experimental group (40 couples) was compared to a control group of 150 couples in which the males had abstained from ejaculation for 4 days prior to ejaculation. Sperm selection was performed using density gradient centrifugation prior to ICSI. Semen quality in the REC group that was assessed over the course of the ejaculation schedule showed a decrease in semen volume (67%) and SDF (27%) following sperm selection; there was no difference for sperm motility or sperm concentration. When the pregnancy rate between the 40 couples in the REC group and 150 couples in the control ABS group were compared, the REC group had a pregnancy rate of 56.4% (25/40), whereas the ABS rate was only 43.3% (65/150) (p = 0.030). We conclude that recurrent ejaculation every 24 hours for four days with a final abstinence of 12 hours, combined with sperm selection using density gradient centrifugation, produces a significant increase in pregnancy rate when using ICSI. As ICSI was the strategy selected for fertilization, we propose that the observed reduction in SDF was the primary factor leading to improved reproductive outcome.
Magnetotransport of hot electrons and holes in the spin-valve transistor

The conventional electronics uses the charge property of the electrons and holes. The building blocks are semiconductors which can be tuned to change the properties of the devices. In the field of spintronics, the spin property of the charge carriers is added to the functionality of the devices. The spin-valve transistor (SVT) is one of the spintronics devices which allows us to study the spindependent transport characteristic of non-equilibrium electrons and holes in semiconductor/ferromagnetic hybrid structures. The SVT uses Schottky barriers to inject and collect hot-carriers. In the metal base of the device, two ferromagnetic metals separated by a nonmagnetic metal are utilized to analyze the spin-dependent transport of the electrons and holes. In this thesis, one of the motivations is to understand the role of interfaces in the hot-electron transport. Another motivation is to study the spin relaxation in metals which is crucial for adding the functionality of spin property. Finally, it is important to understand the hot-hole transport since the devices working with holes and electrons offer better performances.
Re-Conceptualizing Bartlett and Ghoshal's Classification of National Subsidiary Roles in the Multinational Enterprise

We re-conceptualize the Bartlett and Ghoshal typology of national subsidiary roles in the multinational enterprise (MNE), using a resource bundling perspective. Our view is that national subsidiary roles can vary dramatically across value chain activities. We focus on the distinction among innovation, production, sales, and administrative support activities. For each value chain activity, the subsidiary bundles sets of internal competences with accessible, external location advantages. We also address the effects of regional integration on national subsidiary roles. Such schemes may affect substantially the extent to which location advantages of individual countries can be accessed and bundled with internal competences, thereby typically altering some national subsidiaries' roles in specific value chain activities. However, such substantive changes in specific value chain activities performed by national subsidiaries do not necessarily lead to any move in conventional subsidiary role typologies, such as the Bartlett and Ghoshal one, since these typologies only acknowledge aggregate subsidiary role changes, supposedly valid for the entire value chain.
Due North? Do American Theories of Legislative Committees Apply to Canada?

Several theories of legislative organisation have been proposed to explain committee selection in American legislatures, but do these theories travel outside the United States? This paper tests whether these theories apply to data from the Canadian House of Commons. It was found that the distributive and partisan models of legislative organisation explain committee composition in Canada. In many cases, committees in the House of Commons are made up of preference outliers. As predicted by partisan models, it was also found that the governing party stacks committees with its members, but this is conditional upon the strength of the governing party.
Elevation of B‐Type Natriuretic Peptide at Discharge is Associated With 2‐Year Mortality After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis: Insights From a Multicenter Prospective OCEAN‐TAVI (Optimized Transcatheter Valvular Intervention–Transcatheter Aortic Valve 

Background In this study, we sought to investigate the 2‐year prognostic impact of B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels at discharge, following transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Methods and Results We enrolled 1094 consecutive patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement between 2013 and 2016. Study patients were stratified into 2 groups according to survival classification and regression tree analysis (high versus low BNP groups). We evaluated the impact of high BNP on 2‐year mortality compared with that of low BNP using a multivariable Cox model, and assessed whether this stratification would improve predictive accuracy for determining 2‐year mortality by assessing time‐dependent net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement. The median age of patients was 85 years (quartile 82–88), and 29.2% of the study population were men. The median Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 6.8 (4.7–9.5), and BNP at discharge was 186 (93–378) pg/mL. All‐cause mortality following discharge was 7.9% (95% CI, 5.8–9.9%) at 1 year and 15.4% (95% CI, 11.6–19.0%) at 2 years. The survival classification and regression tree analysis revealed that the discriminating BNP level to discern 2‐year mortality was 202 pg/mL, and that elevated BNP had a statistically significant impact on outcomes, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.28 (1.36–3.82, P=0.002). The time‐dependent net reclassification improvement (P=0.047) and integrated discrimination improvement (P=0.029) analysis revealed that the incorporation of BNP stratification with other clinical variables significantly improved predictive accuracy for 2‐year mortality. Conclusions Elevation of BNP at discharge is associated with 2‐year mortality after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
Collagen 1a1 Expression by Airway Macrophages Increases In Fibrotic ILDs and Is Associated With FVC Decline and Increased Mortality

Within the Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD), patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and a subset of those with non-IPF fibrotic ILD have a distinct clinical phenotype of progression despite management. This group of patients has been collectively termed the progressive fibrotic phenotype (PFP). Their early recognition may facilitate access to antifibrotic therapies to prevent or slow progression. Macrophages/monocytes within the lung orchestrate the progression and maintenance of fibrosis. A novel role for monocyte-derived macrophages during tissue damage and wound healing is the expression of collagens. We examined Collagen 1a1 expression in airway macrophages from ILD patients at diagnosis. COL1A1 mRNA levels from BAL cells were elevated in IPF and Non-IPF patients. The presence of a UIP pattern and a subsequent progressive phenotype were significantly associated with the higher BAL COL1A1 levels. In Non-IPF patients, higher COL1A1 levels were associated with a more than twofold increase in mortality. The intracellular localisation of COL1A1 in airway macrophages was demonstrated by confocal microscopy in CD45 and CD163 co-staining assays. Additionally, airway macrophages co-expressed COL1A1 with the profibrotic SPP1 gene product osteopontin. The levels of SPP1 mRNA and OPN in the BAL were significantly higher in IPF and Non-IPF patients relative to healthy. Our results suggest that profibrotic airway macrophages are increased in the BAL of patients with IPF and other ILDs and co-express COL1A1 and OPN. Importantly, COL1A1 expression by pro-fibrotic airway macrophages could be a marker of disease progression and poor survival in ILDs.
The environment for female entrepreneurship in Germany

The German government only recently started paying attention to the topic of female entrepreneurship as an important means to raise the overall level of entrepreneurship. Most relevant support policies concentrate on extending and stabilising the financial base of new female‐owned ventures. Relevant consultancy appears to play a less important role, although there has been a shift towards integrated packages in recent years. However, access to mainstream support is implicitly gender biased. Moreover, an integrated strategy for fostering female entrepreneurship also needs to consider that there are shortcomings in the institutional (political and societal) environment, possibly restricting women's interest in entrepreneurship and thus determining the extent of female entrepreneurship.
The impact of employee involvement on small firms' financial performance

The author examines the relationship between employee involvement (EI) and small firms‘ financial performance using statistical analyses of establishment-level data from the 1990 Workplace Industrial Relations Survey. The author finds EI practices and EI combinations which ‘work’ for small-firm establishments are very different from those that work for large-firm establishments. The least bureaucratic and least costly EI methods have the potential to benefit small firms most. Whether they actually do so depends on the array of other EI and non-EI practices in operation: an inappropriate configuration can have a negative effect on performance. The findings take account of factors associated with being an ‘EI firm’.