Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fifteen-Year Follow-Up Results of Presurgical Orthopedics Followed by Primary Correction for Unilateral Cleft Lip Nose in Program SEHATI in Indonesia

Objective To assess long-term effects of nasal correction in infancy on nasal form and growth in patients with unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate (UCLP). Design Retrospective longitudinal study. Patients Seventeen patients with complete UCLP treated in Program SEHATI in Harapan Kita Children and Maternity Hospital, Indonesia, and followed for approximately 15 years were enrolled. Interventions Subjects received presurgical orthopedics using a Hotz's plate and simultaneous primary lip and nose repair in which the lower lateral cartilage was repositioned through a reverse-U incision. Main Outcome Measures Preoperative and postoperative nasal forms, including the nostril height and width ratio, the ratio of the height of the top of the alar groove, and the ratio of nostril surface areas were analyzed using color photos taken serially. One-way analysis of variance was used for statistical analyses. Results The nostril height and width ratio and the height of the alar groove were significantly improved postoperatively and maintained for 15 years. The mean ratio of nostril surface areas was 1.01 ± 0.12 fifteen years postoperatively, and there was no significant difference from the ratio 1 year postoperatively. The major persistent deformities were septal deviation and a small skin web on the nostril rim. Conclusions Our primary cleft lip nose correction has provided an acceptable nose form and absence of disturbance of the nasal growth in patients with UCLP. However, the repositioning of the nasal cartilage at infancy might not eliminate the need for secondary correction after puberty.
Possible involvement of cationic‐drug sensitive transport systems in the blood‐to‐brain influx and brain‐to‐blood efflux of amantadine across the blood–brain barrier

The purpose of this study was to characterize the brain‐to‐blood efflux transport of amantadine across the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The apparent in vivo efflux rate constant for [3H]amantadine from the rat brain (keff) was found to be 1.53 × 10‐2 min‐1 after intracerebral microinjection using the brain efflux index method. The efflux of [3H]amantadine was inhibited by 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a cationic neurotoxin, suggesting that amantadine transport from the brain to the blood across the BBB potentially involves the rat plasma membrane monoamine transporter (rPMAT). On the other hand, other selected substrates for organic cation transporters (OCTs) and organic anion transporters (OATs), as well as inhibitors of P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), did not affect the efflux transport of [3H]amantadine. In addition, in vitro studies using an immortalized rat brain endothelial cell line (GPNT) showed that the uptake and retention of [3H]amantadine by the cells was not changed by the addition of cyclosporin, which is an inhibitor of P‐gp. However, cyclosporin affected the uptake and retention of rhodamine123. Finally, the initial brain uptake of [3H]amantadine was determined using an in situ mouse brain perfusion technique. Notably, the brain uptake clearance for [3H]amantadine was significantly decreased with the co‐perfusion of quinidine or verapamil, which are cationic P‐gp inhibitors, while MPP+ did not have a significant effect. It is thus concluded that while P‐gp is not involved, it is possible that rPMAT and the cationic drug‐sensitive transport system participate in the brain‐to‐blood efflux and the blood‐to‐brain influx of amantadine across the BBB, respectively. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust State/Output-Feedback Control of Coaxial-Rotor MAVs Based on Adaptive NN Approach

The coaxial-rotor micro-aerial vehicles (CRMAVs) have been proven to be a powerful tool in forming small and agile manned–unmanned hybrid applications. However, the operation of them is usually subject to unpredictable time-varying aerodynamic disturbances and model uncertainties. In this paper, an adaptive robust controller based on a neural network (NN) approach is proposed to reject such perturbations and track both the desired position and orientation trajectories. A complete dynamic model of a CRMAV is first constructed. When all system states are assumed to be available, an NN-based state-feedback controller is proposed through feedback linearization and Lyapunov analysis. Furthermore, to overcome the practical challenge that certain states are not measurable, a high-gain observer is introduced to estimate the unavailable states, and then, an output-feedback controller is developed. Rigorous theoretical analysis verifies the stability of the entire closed-loop system. In addition, extensive simulation studies are conducted to validate the feasibility of the proposed scheme.
The Association Between Genetic Predisposition and Parental Socialization: An Examination of Gene–Environment Correlations Using an Adoption-Based Design

An extensive body of research has examined the role that genetic influences play in the development of antisocial behavior. Even so, there remains much that is unknown regarding the intersections among antisocial behavior, environments, and genetic influences. The current study is designed to shed some light on this issue by examining whether gene–environment correlations are present in the lives of adopted adolescents. More specifically, this article seeks to contribute to scholarship efforts aimed at understanding whether biological parents’ antisocial behavioral phenotypes—behaviors often attributed to an increased likelihood of receiving a genetic propensity for antisocial behaviors—predict variation in environments that are experienced by their adopted-away offspring. To do so, the biological parents of adoptees were assessed and used to identify ways in which children elicit certain responses from their adoptive parents based, in part, on their genotype. Correlational analyses were calculated on a sample of adoptees (the final analytic sample ranged between n = 229 and n = 293) drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). The results of the study revealed very little evidence of gene–environment correlations. The implications of these findings are considered.
The Plant DNA Damage Response: Signaling Pathways Leading to Growth Inhibition and Putative Role in Response to Stress Conditions

Maintenance of genome integrity is a key issue for all living organisms. Cells are constantly exposed to DNA damage due to replication or transcription, cellular metabolic activities leading to the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) or even exposure to DNA damaging agents such as UV light. However, genomes remain extremely stable, thanks to the permanent repair of DNA lesions. One key mechanism contributing to genome stability is the DNA Damage Response (DDR) that activates DNA repair pathways, and in the case of proliferating cells, stops cell division until DNA repair is complete. The signaling mechanisms of the DDR are quite well conserved between organisms including in plants where they have been investigated into detail over the past 20 years. In this review we summarize the acquired knowledge and recent advances regarding the DDR control of cell cycle progression. Studying the plant DDR is particularly interesting because of their mode of development and lifestyle. Indeed, plants develop largely post-embryonically, and form new organs through the activity of meristems in which cells retain the ability to proliferate. In addition, they are sessile organisms that are permanently exposed to adverse conditions that could potentially induce DNA damage in all cell types including meristems. In the second part of the review we discuss the recent findings connecting the plant DDR to responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.
Predictors of anxiety and depression among people attending diabetes screening: a prospective cohort study embedded in the ADDITION (Cambridge) randomized control trial.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify factors predicting anxiety and depression among people who attend primary care-based diabetes screening. DESIGN A prospective cohort study embedded in the ADDITION (Cambridge) randomized control trial. METHODS Participants (N= 3,240) at risk of diabetes were identified from 10 primary care practices and invited to a stepwise screening programme as part of the ADDITION (Cambridge) trial. Main outcome measures were anxiety and depression at 12 months post-screening assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). RESULTS Hierarchical linear regressions showed that demographic, clinical, and psychological variables collectively accounted for 52% of the variance in HADS anxiety scores and 53% of the variance in HADS depression scores 12 months after diabetes screening. Screening outcome (positive or negative for diabetes) was not related to differences in anxiety or depression at 12 months. Higher number of self-reported (diabetes) symptoms after first attendance was associated with higher anxiety and depression at 12-month follow-up, after controlling for anxiety and depression after first attendance. CONCLUSION Participants in a diabetes screening programme showed low scores on anxiety and depression scales after first appointment and 1 year later. Diagnosis of diabetes was shown to have a limited psychological impact and may be less important than symptom perception in determining emotional outcomes after participation in diabetes screening.
Exfoliative cytology and titanium dental implants: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND Oral exfoliative cytology is a diagnostic method that involves the study of cells exfoliated from the oral mucosa. Ions/particles released from metallic implants can remain in the peri-implant milieu. The aim of the present study is to assess the presence of metal particles in cells exfoliated from peri-implant oral mucosa around titanium dental implants. METHODS The study comprised 30 patients carrying titanium dental implants, who had neither a metallic prosthesis nor metal restorations in neighboring teeth. Individuals undergoing orthodontic therapy and those who had oral piercing were also excluded from the study. The study sample included patients with and without peri-implantitis. Cytologic samples of the peri-implant area were collected. Samples of the marginal gingiva on the contralateral side of the implant were taken from the same individuals to serve as control. Cytologic analysis was performed using light microscopy. Titanium concentration was determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrophotometry. RESULTS Metal-like particles were observed inside and outside epithelial cells and macrophages in cytologic smears of peri-implant mucosa of both patients with and without peri-implantitis. No particles were found in the control cytologic samples. The concentration of titanium was higher in the peri-implantitis group compared with the group without peri-implantitis; no traces of titanium were observed in controls. CONCLUSIONS Regardless of an inflammatory response, ions/particles are released from the surface of the implant into the biologic milieu. Exfoliative cytology is a simple technique that may be used to detect metal particles in cells exfoliated from the peri-implant mucosa.
Oncologists' Attitudes and Practice of Addressing Diet, Physical Activity, and Weight Management With Patients With Cancer: Findings of an ASCO Survey of the Oncology Workforce.

PURPOSE Obesity and related factors have been linked to cancer risk and outcomes, but little information exists with regard to oncologists' attention to these issues as a part of clinical care. METHODS Oncology providers actively caring for patients with cancer in the United States and internationally were asked to complete an online survey about practice patterns and perceptions with regard to obesity and weight management during and after active cancer treatment. RESULTS Nine hundred seventy-one practicing oncology providers completed the survey. The majority of respondents indicated a belief that the evidence linking obesity to cancer outcomes was strong and that weight and related factors should be addressed as a part of cancer treatment. The majority of respondents also reported that they frequently assessed body weight and related factors as well as counsel their patients to exercise, consume a healthy diet, and lose weight, if applicable. However, referral to providers and programs to support weight loss and increased physical activity occurred less frequently, and a number of barriers were identified for the incorporation of weight management and physical activity programs in the treatment of patients with cancer. CONCLUSION In a survey of oncology providers, attention to weight management, physical activity, and diet in patients with cancer was high during and after cancer treatment but often did not result in referrals to support lifestyle change. Future work is needed to support education and training of oncology providers to facilitate referrals and overcome barriers to implementation of weight management and physical activity programs for patients with cancer.
Statistical Comparison of Trait-dependent Biogeographical Models indicates that Podocarpaceae Dispersal is influenced by both Seed Cone Traits and Geographical Distance.

The ability of lineages to disperse long distances over evolutionary timescales may be influenced by the gain or loss of traits adapted to enhance local, ecological dispersal. For example, some species in the southern conifer sister families Podocarpaceae and Araucariaceae have fleshy cones that encourage bird dispersal, but it is unknown how this trait has influenced the clade's historical biogeography, or its importance compared to other predictors of dispersal such as the geographic distance between regions. We answer these questions quantitatively by using a dated phylogeny of 197 species of southern conifers to statistically compare standard, trait-independent biogeography models with new BioGeoBEARS models where an evolving trait can influence dispersal probability, and trait history, biogeographical history, and model parameters are jointly inferred. We validate the method with simulation-inference experiments. Comparing all models, those that include trait-dependent dispersal accrue 87.5% of the AICc model weight. Averaged across all models, lineages with non-fleshy cones had a dispersal probability multiplier of 0.49 compared to lineages with fleshy cones. Distance is included as a predictor of dispersal in all credible models (100% model weight). However, models with changing geography earned only 22.0% of the model weight, and models submerging New Caledonia/New Zealand earned only 0.01%. The importance of traits and distance suggests that long-distance dispersal over macroevolutionary timespans should not be thought of as a highly unpredictable chance event. Instead, long-distance dispersal can be modelled, allowing statistical model comparison to quantify support for different hypotheses.
Hemostatic effect and psychological impact of an oxidized regenerated cellulose patch after transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy

Abstract To investigate the usefulness of the oxidized regenerated cellulose patch (ORCP) for postbiopsy hemostasis, anxiety, and depression in patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. This was a prospective-retrospective study of 300 patients who underwent systematic 12-core prostate biopsy from August 2016 through March 2018. The ORCP was inserted into the rectum immediately after prostate biopsy in the prospective group (n = 150), while the retrospective group (n = 150) underwent prostate biopsy alone. The frequency rate and duration of hematuria, rectal bleeding, and hematospermia were compared between the 2 groups. Anxiety and depression were assessed with the hospital anxiety and depression scale before and after prostate biopsy in the prospective group. The frequency rates of hematuria and hematospermia showed no significant differences between the prospective versus retrospective groups (64.7% vs 66.7%, P = .881; 18 vs 20%, P = .718; respectively). Frequency of rectal bleeding was significantly lower in the prospective group than in the retrospective group (26.7% vs 42.7%, P = .018). However, there were no significant differences in median duration of rectal bleeding, hematuria, or hematospermia between the 2 groups (2, 5, and 2 days vs 2, 7, and 1 day, P > .05, respectively, for the prospective vs retrospective group). Multivariate analysis found that ORCP insertion was a significant protective factor against postbiopsy rectal bleeding (P = .038, odds ratio 0.52). Only anxiety level in the prospective group before versus after prostate biopsy was significantly reduced (5 vs 4, P = .011). ORCP insertion after prostate biopsy is an effective and simple method for decreasing rectal bleeding. ORCP insertion may also alleviate anxiety in patients undergoing prostate biopsy.
Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with reactivated Epstein–Barr virus infection in pediatric patients

Rationale: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is the most frequent autoimmune encephalitis in children, and its presentation is various. The disease can be triggered by various infections. Patient concerns: Case 1 was a 7-year-old female with the presentation of seizure, repeated fever, language disorder, and decreased muscle strength of the right limbs; Case 2 was a 7-year-old male with the manifestation of repeated emesis, headache, involuntary movement, altered personality, seizures, and cognitive impairment; Case 3 was a 2-year-old female with repeated fever, emesis, seizures, coma, and decreased muscle strength of limbs. Anti-NMDAR antibody was identified in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the 3 cases, confirming the diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Pathogenic examinations revealed positive serum Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-nuclear antigen and EBV-capsid antigen (CA)-IgG antibodies in the 3 cases, as well as positive EBV-early antigen (EA)-IgG antibody in CSF. Case 1 also had positive EBV-CA-IgA antibody; Case 3 also had positive EBV-CA-IgA and EBV-CA-IgG antibodies. Diagnoses: Anti-NMDAR antibody and EBV-EA-IgG antibody in CSF were tested positive in the 3 cases. Thus, they were diagnosed as anti-NMDAR encephalitis associated with reactivated EBV infection. Interventions: All of the 3 cases received immunoglobulin, corticosteroid, and ganciclovir treatment. Cases 2 and 3 also received antiepileptic drugs due to repeated seizures. In addition, Case 3 also received assistant respiration, plasma exchange, and rituximab. Outcomes: The 3 cases were substantially recovered after treatment. Repeat CSF analysis showed decreased titer of the anti-NMDAR antibody. Lessons: Reactivated EBV infection may trigger anti-NMDAR encephalitis in children, which has not been reported previously. Related possible virology tests should be completed while diagnosing the disease.
Patient and obstetric provider communication regarding weight gain management among socioeconomically disadvantaged African American women who are overweight/obese

ABSTRACT To examine the communication between obstetric providers and their socioeconomically disadvantaged, African American patients who are overweight and obese during pregnancy, and whether this communication relates to outcomes. Pregnant patients and their obstetric providers were surveyed between October 2012 and March 2016 at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO. Percent agreement between patients’ and obstetric providers’ survey responses was analyzed and measured (κ coefficient). Descriptive and multilevel logistic regression analyses aimed at identifying the relation of perceived communication between providers and patients to gestational weight gain, diet, and exercise during pregnancy. A total of 99 pregnant women and 18 obstetric providers participated in the study. Significant lack of agreement was observed between patients and obstetric providers regarding communication about weight gain recommendations, risk factors associated with excessive weight gain, what constitutes adequate exercise per week, exercise recommendations, dietary recommendations, and risk factors associated with a poor diet. Our findings suggest patients were not receiving intended messages from their obstetric providers. Thus, more effective patient-obstetric provider communication is needed regarding gestational weight gain, exercise and dietary recommendations among overweight/obese, socioeconomically disadvantaged, African American women.
Glycoproteogenomics: A Frequent Gene Polymorphism Affects the Glycosylation Pattern of the Human Serum Fetuin/α-2-HS-Glycoprotein

Lin et al. applied a hybrid mass spectrometric approach to fully characterize fetuin purified from 20 individuals - 10 healthy donors and 10 septic patient donors. The results reveal that frequent genetic polymorphism influences the glycosylation pattern of fetuin. Next, the site-specific characterization of posttranslational modifications on all purified fetuins allowed to classify individuals by genotype and also disease state (i.e. sepsis). These findings provide an interesting example of glycoproteogenomics, e.g. how gene polymorphism may affect glycosylation profiles. Graphical Abstract Highlights Frequent genetic polymorphism affects the glycosylation pattern of fetuin. Personalized in-depth proteoform profiling of fetuin purified from 20 donors. Classification of serum donors into three different genotypes. Septic patients show increased level of fucosylation at N-glycolation site N176. Fetuin, also known as α-2-HS-glycoprotein (gene name: AHSG), is one of the more abundant glycoproteins secreted into the bloodstream. There are two frequently occurring alleles of human AHSG, resulting in three genotypes (AHSG*1, AHSG*2, and heterozygous AHSG1/2). The backbone amino acid sequences of fetuin coded by the AHSG*1 and AHSG*2 genes differ in two amino acids including one known O-glycosylation site (aa position 256). Although fetuin levels have been extensively studied, the originating genotype is often ignored in such analysis. As fetuin has been suggested repeatedly as a potential biomarker for several disorders, the question whether the gene polymorphism affects the fetuin profile is of great interest. In this work, we describe detailed proteoform profiles of fetuin, isolated from serum of 10 healthy and 10 septic patient individuals and investigate potential glycoproteogenomics correlations, e.g. how gene polymorphisms affect glycosylation. We established an efficient method for fetuin purification from individuals' serum using ion-exchange chromatography. Subsequently, we performed hybrid mass spectrometric approaches integrating data from native mass spectra and peptide-centric MS analysis. Our data reveal a crucial effect of the gene polymorphism on the glycosylation pattern of fetuin. Moreover, we clearly observed increased fucosylation in the samples derived from the septic patients. Our serum proteoform analysis, targeted at one protein obtained from 20 individuals, exposes the wide variability in proteoform profiles, which should be taken into consideration when using fetuin as biomarker. Importantly, focusing on a single or few proteins, the quantitative proteoform profiles can provide, as shown here, already ample data to classify individuals by genotype and disease state.