Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
0 Quantum Key Management

Quantum key distribution (QKD), invented by Bennett & Brassard (1984) based on previous work of Wiesner (1983), has been recognized as a key-technology of the upcoming decades. With various (experimental) quantum networks existing (cf. the reports of Poppe et al. (2008) and Elliott (2004)), questions regarding the efficient construction and management of such networks arise. While much has been achieved in proving security of QKD under various assumptions (trusted devices as proposed by Salvail et al. (2009) vs. non-trustworthy devices as discussed by Elliott (2008b)), and many cryptographic primitives have been transferred to the quantum setting by Buchmann et al. (2004) and Damgård et al. (2004), some questions are still waiting to be answered. With the invention of public-key cryptography, key management has become an issue of major importance. Authentication is equally crucial for QKD-enhanced links, but authenticating keys here is inherently different to the public key setting. Nevertheless, why should quantum cryptography not benefit from the lessons learnt in classic, particularly public-key, cryptography (one of which is the strict principle not to use one key in two different applications)? Elegant ideas for key management and authentication have arisen in public-key cryptography (such as identity-based cryptography invented by Shamir (1985) or certificateless cryptography discussed in Al-Riyami & Paterson (2003)). Are similarly elegant solutions imaginable for the problem of entity authentication in the quantum setting? More importantly, with the one-time pad (OTP) as the encryption of choice, the key demand equals the data transmission demand in terms of size, so an effective management of keys is crucial for a reasonable quality of service of quantum networks. The whole security can be at stake if (quantum-)key generators cannot cope with the flood of information and run empty, thus logically (in terms of secrecy) cutting the link.
Performance Evaluation of Two-Hop Wireless Link under Rayleigh and Nakagami-m Fading

One of the major challenges in wireless communications, especially in urban areas, is to detect the digital information under different fading environments. In a two-hop wireless link, each hop is affected by fading and noise which degrades the overall performance of the communication system. In this paper, performance of a two-hop link is analyzed under Rayleigh and Nakagami-m fading environments taking maximal ratio combining (MRC) at the first hop and Alamuoti coding at the second hop. The objective of the paper is to observe the impact of fading effect on the bit error rate (BER) on the performance of the two-hop wireless link for 8-PSK and QPSK modulation schemes.
WORKING PAPERS SERIES DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE SOCIALI ED ECONOMICHE n . 6 / 2017 Samaritan Bundles : Inefficient Clustering in NGO Projects

We build a model with non-governmental organizations competing through fundraising for donations and choosing their project types. Donors’ willingness to give differs across project types. Each NGO chooses whether to compete in the larger donation market or to monopolize the smaller one. The resulting equilibrium configuration crucially depends on the asymmetry in potential donation market size and on donors’ perceived substitutability or complementarity between giving to two different projects. We analyze the welfare properties of the decentralized equilibrum and characterize the conditions under which such equilibrium is inefficient. We also develop a variant of the model with inter-temporal choices of NGOs, analyze settings where NGOs can coordinate their fundraising activities and/or project type choices, extend the model to allow for spillovers between NGO fundraising activities, and illustrate the mechanisms of the model with several case studies.
Predictive Estimates of Psycho-socio-Personal Variables on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour ( OCB ) among Personnel of NSCDC in Southwestern Nigeria

Organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) implies acting beyond the formal job description for the purpose of corporate and individual benefits. This is waning in the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC). This scenario has been rendering the commitment of the NSCDC towards the combat of vandalism, protection of critical national assets, supervision of private guards and management of disasters to be less effective. Past studies on OCB among para-military personnel were only on the organizational factors and with no consideration of the NSCDC. This study, therefore, investigated the predictive estimates of psycho-socio-personal variables (creativity, leadership behaviour, social innovation, social intelligence, religiosity, age, job tenure, marital status, gender, educational level, organizational tenure and job cadre) on OCB among personnel of the NSCDC in the Southwest, Nigeria.The Social Exchange Theory provided the study framework, while descriptive survey design of the ex-post facto type was adopted. Using multistage sampling technique, a random sample of 1,696 personnel (966 males) were selected from 24 divisional offices (DOs) of the NSCDC. The DOs were randomly selected from the three area commands and three state commands respectively in Ogun (5), Osun (10) and Oyo (9) made up of officers and men. Data were analysed using Pearson product moment correlation and Multiple regression at 0.05 level of significance.The OCB of NSCDC personnel correlated positively with leadership behaviour (r=.648), social intelligence (r=.339), social innovation (r=.548) and job cadre (r=.062). There was a significant joint prediction of the independent variables on OCB. Hence, it was recommended that organizational citizenshipbehaviour should be encouraged among the personnel of NSCDC; and Counselling and Organisational psychologists should take into cognisance these psycho-socio-personal variables found to be significant in the effective management of the personnel of Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps as a whole.
Experiments on substratum roughness, grainsize and volume influence on the motion and spreading of rock avalanches

The main objective of the research is to link granular physics with the modelling of rock avalanches. Laboratory experiments consist to find a convenient granular material, i.e. grainsize and physical behaviour, and testing it on simple slope geometry. When the appropriate sliding material is selected, we attempted to model the debris avalanche and the spreading on a slope with different substratum to understand the relationship between the volume and the reach angle, i.e. angle of the line joining the top of the scar and the end of the deposit. For a better understanding of the mass spreading, the deposits are scanned with a laser scanner. Datasets are compared to see how the grain size and volume influence a debris avalanche. The relationship between the roughness and grainsize of the substratum shows that the spreading of the sliding mass is increased when the roughness of the substratum starts to be equivalent or greater than the grainsize of the flowing mass. The runout distance displays a more complex relationship, because a long runout distance implies that grains are less spread. This means that if the substratum is too rough the distance diminishes, as well if it is too smooth because the effect on the apparent friction decreases. Up to now our findings do not permit to validate any previous model (Melosh, 1987; Bagnold 1956).
RGB-D Indoor Mapping Using Deep Features

RGB-D indoor mapping has been an active research topic in the last decade with the advance of depth sensors. However, despite the great success of deep learning techniques on various problems, similar approaches for SLAM have not been much addressed yet. In this work, an RGB-D SLAM system using a deep learning approach for mapping indoor environments is proposed. A pre-trained CNN model with multiple random recursive structures is utilized to acquire deep features in an efficient way with no need for training. Deep features present strong representations from color frames and enable better data association. To increase computational efficiency, deep feature vectors are considered as points in a high dimensional space and indexed in a priority search k-means tree. The search precision is improved by employing an adaptive mechanism. For motion estimation, a sparse feature based approach is adopted by employing a robust keypoint detector and descriptor combination. The system is assessed on TUM RGB-D benchmark using the sequences recorded in medium and large sized environments. The experimental results demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the proposed system over the state-of-the-art, especially in large sequences.
Political Dislocation : A Voter-Level Measure of Partisan Representation and Gerrymandering

In Gill v. Whitford, the Supreme Court ruled that living in a state in which electoral districts give one party an electoral advantage does not in and of itself give a citizen standing to challenge a districting map. To show harm and thus establish standing, plaintiffs must show that their own district has been packed or cracked. Yet traditional measures of gerrymandering are unable to measure the degree to which packing or cracking have occurred in individual districts. In this paper, we introduce a voter-level measure of packing and cracking: political dislocation. Political dislocation measures the difference between the partisan composition of a voter’s geographic nearest neighbors and the partisan composition of her assigned district. Because gerrymandering entails carving up blocks of voters of a single party, or grabbing and pooling co-partisans, we show that gerrymandered districts consistent result in high political dislocation of voters. Our measure thus serves to identify potential gerrymandering plaintiffs according to the guidelines put forth in Gill v. Whitford.
A Study of the Effect of Knowledge Creating Capabilities on Corporate Performance

In response to the concern regarding the evaluation of knowledge management initiatives, this study introduces the concept of ‘knowledge creating capabilities‘. This concept refers to the balance of the four knowledge creation modes proposed in the SECI Model by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995). The relationship of this concept with corporate financial performance is explored using two financial indicators on small and medium Japanese enterprises from the manufacturing sector. The empirical evidence shows the positive association of knowledge creation capabilities with financial performance.
ROCZNIKI PSYCHOLOGICZNE/ ANNALS OF PSYCHOLOGY

The objective of this article is to investigate gender differences in the level of professional burnout among male and female Gestalt and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapists according to the length of professional experience as a covariate. The study was conducted on 200 participants: 100 Gestalt psychotherapists and 100 cognitive-behavioral psychotherapists. The results show a positive relationship between the length of professional experience and the level of burnout in the whole group of psychotherapists. Additionally, it has been shown that the level of burnout in the male psychotherapists’ group was significantly higher than the intensity of symptoms in the female group. The difference in the intensity of burnout symptoms between the Gestalt therapists and cognitive behavioral therapists was not statistically significant.
13 Religion is More than Belief : What Evolutionary Th eories of Religion Tell Us about Religious Commitments

Evolutionary theories of religion are oft en perceived as posing a challenge to religious belief. In this chapter we examine this challenge and argue that the evolutionary science of religion does not undermine the veracity of, or warrant for, religious belief, and that this emerging fi eld aff ords a picture of belief that is more complex—and truly more remarkable—than what is typically presumed. Evolutionary accounts of religion generally refer to two related areas of research: cognitive and behavioral. On one side, cognitive scientists have championed the view that religion is the byproduct of psychological constituents, each of which evolved for purposes other than religion (e.g. Atran 2002; Boyer 2001). Specifi cally, religious thinking emerges when agency detection is evoked and the boundaries between the ontological domains of folk biology, folk psychology, and naïve physics are minimally violated. In contrast, several evolutionary anthropologists and biologists have focused their research eff orts on religious behavior, primarily employing the tools of behavioral ecology (Cronk 1994a; Sosis and Alcorta 2003; Sosis and Bulbulia 2011; Wilson 2002). Th eir work is aimed at understanding how selection could have favored religious behaviors that are costly in terms of time, energy, and resource investments (Bulbulia 2004; Bulbulia and Sosis 2011; Irons 2001; Rossano 2010; Sosis 2003). A third area of research has recently emerged as evolutionary scholars have come to recognize that the cognitive science and behavioral ecological approaches can be complementary, and a more comprehensive understanding of religion’s evolution can be
Multimodal processes scheduling in mesh-like network environment

Multimodal processes planning and scheduling play a pivotal role in many different domains including city networks, multimodal transportation systems, computer and telecommu-nication networks and so on. Multimodal process can be seen as a process partially processed by locally executed cyclic processes. In that context the concept of a Mesh-like Multimodal Transportation Network (MMTN) in which several isomorphic subnetworks interact each other via distinguished subsets of common shared intermodal transport interchange facilities (such as a railway station, bus station or bus/tram stop) as to provide a variety of demand-responsive passenger transportation services is examined. Consider a mesh-like layout of a passengers transport network equipped with different lines including buses, trams, metro, trains etc. where passenger ﬂows are treated as multimodal processes. The goal is to provide a declarative model enabling to state a constraint satisfaction problem aimed at multimodal transportation processes scheduling encompassing passenger ﬂow itineraries. Then, the main objective is to provide conditions guaranteeing solvability of particular transport lines scheduling, i.e. guaranteeing the right match-up of local cyclic acting bus, tram, metro and train schedules to a given passengers ﬂow itineraries.
Assessment of the Dual Polarimetric Sentinel-1A Data for Forest Fuel Moisture Content Estimation

Fuel moisture content (FMC) is a crucial variable affecting fuel ignition and rate of fire spread. Much work so far has focused on the usage of remote sensing data from multiple sensors to derive FMC; however, little attention has been devoted to the usage of the C-band Sentinel-1A data. In this study, we aimed to test the performance of C-band Sentinel-1A data for multi-temporal retrieval of forest FMC by coupling the bare soil backscatter linear model with the vegetation backscatter water cloud model (WCM). This coupled model that linked the observed backscatter directly to FMC, was firstly calibrated using field FMC measurements and corresponding synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatters (VV and VH), and then a look-up table (LUT) comprising of the modelled VH backscatter and FMC was built by running the calibrated model forwardly. The absolute difference (MAEr) of modelled and observed VH backscatters was selected as the cost function to search the optimal FMC from the LUT. The performance of the presented methodology was verified using the three-fold cross-validation method by dividing the whole samples into equal three parts. Two parts were used for the model calibration and the other one for the validation, and this was repeated three times. The results showed that the estimated and measured forest FMC were consistent across the three validation samples, with the root mean square error (RMSE) of 19.53% (Sample 1), 12.64% (Sample 2) and 15.45% (Sample 3). To further test the performance of the C-band Sentinel-1A data for forest FMC estimation, our results were compared to those obtained using the optical Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) data and the empirical partial least squares regression (PLSR) method. The latter resulted in higher RMSE between estimated and measured forest FMC with 20.11% (Sample 1), 26.21% (Sample 2) and 26.73% (Sample 3) than the presented Sentinel-1A data-based method. Hence, this study demonstrated that the good capability of C-band Sentinel-1A data for forest FMC retrieval, opening the possibility of developing a new operational SAR data-based methodology for forest FMC estimation.
Characterisation of measles after the introduction of the combined measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine in 2004 with focus on the laboratory data, 2016 to 2019 outbreak, Romania

Background Since January 2016, a resurgence of measles in Romania has led to the third measles epidemic in the past 12 years; 64 deaths have been confirmed so far–the highest number of measles-related deaths since the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine was introduced in 2004. Aim To provide an overview on the characterisation on measles in Romania after the introduction of the MMR vaccine with focus on the current outbreak, laboratory and molecular analysis. Methods We performed an analysis of measles incidence and mortality after the introduction of MMR vaccination and a retrospective study using serological and molecular data in three consecutive outbreaks with focus on the current outbreak. Results In the current outbreak, 17,533 measles cases were notified to the national surveillance system, 93% were unvaccinated. Measles virus was isolated from 429 samples and 283 were genotyped. Genotype B3 was predominant (n = 269) and sporadic measles cases associated with D8 genotype (n = 9) were also observed; genotype D4 and D8 were identified in the previous two measles outbreaks. The detection of several distinct measles virus B3 genotypes suggests multiple virus importations to Romania. Conclusion The current outbreak is a consequence of insufficient vaccine coverage. Control measures were implemented to improve uptake of MMR vaccine, including administering the first MMR dose at a younger age (9–11 months) and offering catch-up vaccination to children that have not followed the recommended dosing schedule. More measures are needed to improve the surveillance performance and to achieve high routine MMR vaccination coverage.
Semi-Direct Visual Odometry for Monocular , Wide-angle , and Multi-Camera Systems

Direct methods for Visual Odometry (VO) have gained popularity due to their capability to exploit information from all image gradients in the image. However, low computational speed as well as missing guarantees for optimality and consistency are limiting factors of direct methods, where established feature-based methods instead succeed at. Based on these considerations, we propose a Semi-direct VO (SVO) that uses direct methods to track and triangulate pixels that are characterized by high image gradients but relies on proven feature-based methods for joint optimization of structure and motion. Together with a robust probabilistic depth estimation algorithm, this enables us to efficiently track pixels lying on weak corners and edges in environments with little or high-frequency texture. We further demonstrate that the algorithm can easily be extended to multiple cameras, to track edges, to include motion priors, and to enable the use of very large field of view cameras, such as fisheye and catadioptric ones. Experimental evaluation on benchmark datasets shows that the algorithm is significantly faster than the state of the art while achieving highly competitive accuracy. SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Video of the experiments: http://rpg.ifi. uzh.ch/svo2
Games in Linguistics1

In this paper we set out three consequences of a game-theoretic model for conversation, Message Exchange (ME) Games (Asher et al., 2016), which we think are of linguistic interest. We develop a notion of conversational success, explain subjectivity and bias in interpretation using concepts from epistemic game theory, and characterize the strategic usefulness of using so called expressions of “not at issue” content using ME games.
Title : Botulinum Toxin for Detrusor External Sphincter Dyssynergia : Clinical and Cost Effectiveness and Guidelines for Use

Canada. HTIS responses are based on a limited literature search and are not comprehensive, systematic reviews. The intent is to provide a list of sources and a summary of the best evidence on the topic that CADTH could identify using all reasonable efforts within the time allowed. HTIS responses should be considered along with other types of information and health care considerations. The information included in this response is not intended to replace professional medical advice, nor should it be construed as a recommendation for or against the use of a particular health technology. Readers are also cautioned that a lack of good quality evidence does not necessarily mean a lack of effectiveness particularly in the case of new and emerging health technologies, for which little information can be found, but which may in future prove to be effective. While CADTH has taken care in the preparation of the report to ensure that its contents are accurate, complete and up to date, CADTH does not make any guarantee to that effect. CADTH is not liable for any loss or damages resulting from use of the information in the report.
The statistical analysis of the prevalence of Q fever antibodies in farm animals in Western Macedonia

Query or Queensland fever (Q fever) is a bacterial infection affecting a variety of animal species as well as human beings. Q fever is caused by Coxiella burnetii, an obligate, intracellular, rickettsial organism that can survive in a dried condition for extended periods. The aim of study was to examine the prevalence of Q fever antibodies in farm animals (sheep, goats and cows) and determining the statistical trend with descriptive and conclusive statistical methods according to species in five regions in Western Macedonia (Tetovo, Gostivar, Kicevo, Debar and Struga). A total of 1,120 farm animals were examined, of which 178 serums resulted positive, with a scale of 15.89% positivity. Based on species, the infection is widespread in all three species and in every region. The percentage of infection in sheep in the whole region of Western Macedonia is 26.37% a very high rate compared to that in goats 6.60% or cows 7.50%. The statistical analysis of the data results, prove that there is a connection and similarity among the samples from five regions in terms of the spread of the Q fever infection in farm animals (sheep, goats and cows). The serums were conserved in -30 °C and as a serological test was used ELISA IDEXX, which is carried out based on its relevant protocol using purified antigen of C. burnetii.