Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global Structural Change and Value Chains in Services. A Reappraisal

The scholarship on Global Value Chains is very recently recognising the increasing importance of fragmentation of production that involves services – and in particular business services – offshoring. A predominant stand by scholars emerges in this embryonic domain (Blinder, 2006; Gereffi and Fernandez-Stark, 2010; Ventura, 2014). Participation in GVC in business services might be considered a sort of ‘third unbundling’ of internationalisation of production, which opens up new opportunities for catching up in transition and developing countries. What are the theoretical and empirical bases for such a claim? Do these apply to both developed and developing contexts? Is the occurrence of “a flat world” (Friedman, 2005) ultimately responsible for a global sectoral structural change involving services? Is this process leading to smart and equitable catching up processes? This chapter selectively systematises the traditional and emerging literature on GVCs and claims the importance of domestic and local Hirschman-linked specialisation before joining GVCs as a catching-up strategy.
A New Species of South-East Asian Myotis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), with Comments on Vietnamese ‘Whiskered Bats’

A new Myotis species is described from Central Vietnam and adjacent area of Laos. The new species resembles smaller specimens of the widespread South Asian Myotis muricola, though differs from it and from other small mouse-eared bats by a set of cranial and external characters. Genetic analyses confirm that the new species is distinct from the other named forms of Asian Myotis. Comparison of sequence diversity in the DNA barcode region of the COI gene among East Asian members of Myotis, highlighted several taxonomic questions related to Asian ‘whiskered bats’, suggesting that common morphological diagnostic traits may be shared by genetically divergent species.
The Effect of Rehabilitative Punishments on Juvenile Crime and Labor Market Outcomes

This paper estimates the effect of a rehabilitative punishment on the post-release outcomes of juvenile criminals using a unique Finnish data set on sentences and punishments merged with the longitudinal population census for 1990-2007. The rehabilitative program was aimed at improving the social skills and labor market attachment of young offenders aged 15 to 17. A variety of research designs are used to isolate the effect of the juvenile punishment and to control for observable characteristics of the young offenders. The juvenile punishment experiment was initially conducted in certain criminal courts only and was applicable for youths aged under 18, giving rise to a differences-in-differences and triple differences setup. The juvenile punishment reduced reoffending during the year immediately after sentencing, but had no long-term effect on reoffending nor on labor market outcomes.
Perceived service quality in healthcare organizations and a research in Ankara by hospital type

The purpose of healthcare services is to protect and improve individuals’ physical, mental and social health and ensure its continuity to increase the level of welfare and happiness in the society. As in all service organizations, service quality has an important place in healthcare organizations. Therefore, measuring the impacts of the efforts made by enterprises for service quality and the clients’ perceptions of the services provided, assessing how their perceptions differ in different dimensions of quality, and taking new measures according to the results are the key to continuous improvement. In this study, with respect to the abovementioned issues, perception of the quality of services provided in the field of health by those who receive them is compared according to different types of hospitals providing such service, and evaluations are made accordingly. Thus, whether patients’ perceptions of service quality differ according to hospital types, in what dimensions of quality these differences occur and perceived quality by different patient profiles like age, sex, incomes etc. are assessed. In the measurement of service quality, a set of 34 questions with six dimensions was used, which was used by Kara, Tarım and Zaim (2003) in several hospitals and then used in several research studies in Turkey on service quality in healthcare enterprises (Çaha, 2007; Kara, 2006). Based on the findings of the research, it can be said that public general branch hospitals are perceived as quality at the same level with private hospitals and even they reach higher levels of patient satisfaction. On the other hand, when the sub-dimensions of quality are examined, it is seen that public hospitals are still behind private hospitals in terms of physical quality.
Region-specific expression of two mouse homeo box genes

Mammalian homeo box genes have been identified on the basis of sequence homology to Drosophila homeotic and segmentation genes. These studies examine the distribution of transcripts from two mouse homeo box genes, Hox-2.1 and Hox-3.1, throughout the latter third of prenatal development. Transcripts from these genes are regionally localized along the rostro-caudal axis of the developing central nervous system, yielding expression patterns very similar to patterns of Drosophila homeotic gene expression.
For Whom Does Deterrence Affect Behavior? Identifying Key Individual Differences

Deterrence threats are essential mechanisms for affecting behavior, yet they are often ineffective. The literature is beginning to consider individual differences underlying differential susceptibility to deterrence. The present study sampled 223 adults from Amazon Mechanical Turk and used an experimental cheating paradigm to examine the role of 3 individual differences, including morality, self-control, and rule orientation, underlying differential susceptibility to deterrence. The results indicate that deterrence threats may be more influential for people who have low moral disengagement, who possess more self-control, or who are more rule oriented. These findings indicate that important individual differences underlie susceptibility to deterrence.
DEVELOPMENTAL DYSCALCULIA: PREVALENCE AND DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES

One hundred and forty‐thrée 11‐year‐old children with developmental dyscalculia, from a cohort of 3029 students, were studied to determine demographic features and prevalence of this primary cognitive disorder. They were evaluated for gender, IQ, linguistic and perceptual skills, symptoms of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), socio‐economic status and associated learning disabilities. The IQs of the 140 children (75 girls and 65 boys) retained in the study group (thrée were excluded because of low IQs) ranged from 80 to 129 (mean 98.2, SD 9.9). 26 per cent of the children had symptoms of ADHD, and 17 per cent had dyslexia. Their socio‐economic status was significantly lower than that of the rest of the cohort, and 42 per cent had first‐degrée relatives with learning disabilities. The prevalence of dyscalculia in the original cohort was 6.5 per cent, similar to that of dyslexia and ADHD. However, unlike these other learning disabilities, dyscalculia affected the two sexes in about the same proportions.
Chimaerins, Novel Non-protein Kinase C Phorbol Ester Receptors, Associate with Tmp21-I (p23)

The regulation and function of chimaerins, a family of “non-protein kinase C” (PKC) phorbol ester/diacylglycerol receptors with Rac-GAP activity, is largely unknown. In a search for chimaerin-interacting proteins, we isolated Tmp21-I (p23), a protein localized at the perinuclear Golgi area. Remarkably, phorbol esters translocate β2-chimaerin to the perinuclear region and promote its association with Tmp21-I in a PKC-independent manner. A deletional analysis revealed that the C1 domain in chimaerins is required for the interaction with Tmp21-I, thereby implying a novel function for this domain in protein-protein associations in addition to its role in lipid and phorbol ester binding. Our results support the emerging concept that multiple pathways transduce signaling by phorbol esters and revealed that, like PKC isozymes, chimaerins are subject to a positional regulation. In this setting, Tmp21-I serves as an anchoring protein that determines the intracellular localization of these novel phorbol ester receptors.
Simple Adaptive Delta Operator Aircraft Flight Control for Accommodation of Loss of Control Effectiveness

A new proof for stability of delta operator simple adaptive control is presented in terms of a set of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). The paper shows how to design a feedforward gain to satisfy the LMIs over a polytope of loss of control effectiveness failures. The MATLAB Robust Control Toolbox is used to find the feedforward gain with the smallest norm that satisfies the LMIs. Examples are presented of the F/A-18 aircraft and the Innovative Control Effectors (ICE) tailless aircraft that show the design of a feedforward gain for a loss of control effectiveness in any one control effector. The designs use a fixed eigenstructure assignment controller for an inner loop augmented with the simple adaptive controller. Simulations of both aircraft include simultaneous loss of control effectiveness failure and lateral wind gust. Simulation results for the F/A-18 aircraft show that the adaptive controller achieves almost perfect tracking whereas the nonadaptive controller cannot achieve a coordinated turn when an aileron failure occurs. The ICE tailless aircraft uses sideslip, washed-out stability axis yaw rate, and stability axis roll rate feedback for both the inner loop eigenstructure assignment controller and the simple adaptive controller. However, the adaptive controller also uses bank angle feedback. Simulation results for the ICE tailless aircraft show that the adaptive controller achieves almost perfect tracking whereas the nonadaptive controller diverges when an all moving tip failure occurs.
The M Cell

From the Masonic Medical Research Laboratory Utica, New York. Reprint requests: Dr. Charles Antzelevitch, Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, 2150 Bleecker Street, Utica, NY 13501-1787. The discovery of cells in the midmyocardial layers of ventricular myocardium with unique repolarization properties has prompted investigators in the field to revisit some old concepts and to advance new ones relative to our understanding of the electrophysiology, pharmacology, and pathophysiology of the ventricles of the heart and the electrocardiographic signals that they generate.
An Analysis of the Influence of Ownership Structure, Investment, Liquidity and Risk to Firm Value: Evidence from Indonesia

The aims of this study is to determine the influence of ownership structure, investment, stock liquidity and risk stock to operating performance, Good Corporate Governance (GCG) and firm value on the manufacturing sector listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). The research results are; the ownership structure have a positive significant effect to operating performance and the risk stock have a negative significant effect on operating performance and operating performance have positive insignificant effect on firm value. The ownership structure have a significant effect on corporate governance and corporate governance have a significant effect on firm value. However, investment, stock liquidity and risk stock have a negative insignificant effect on corporate governance. Stock liquidity have a negative significant effect on firm value, however ownership structure and investment have insignificant effect on firm value. Special findings from this research are that there is gradual process in influencing firm value so that corporate governance has the role as intervening variable, which is the variables moderating the effects of ownership structure in affecting firm value.
Detection of Gov system antibodies by MAIPA reveals an immunogenicity similar to the HPA‐5 alloantigens

The glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐linked platelet protein CD109 carries the biallelic alloantigen system Gov. There is limited information on the incidence of Gov alloantibodies in neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAITP), post‐transfusion purpura (PTP) and platelet refractoriness. We adapted the monoclonal antibody‐specific immobilization of platelet antigens (MAIPA) assay to the detection of Gov antibodies and determined their incidence in 605 archived samples (112 with HPA antibodies) referred for the aforementioned conditions. Here, we show that CD109 expression was reduced upon platelet storage in saline or by cryopreservation, but was stable when stored as whole blood or therapeutic platelet concentrate. Fourteen of the 605 samples contained Gov alloantibodies (anti‐Gova, n = 10; anti‐Govb, n = 4), with the majority in platelet refractoriness (n = 9) and, of the remaining five, four in NAITP and one in PTP. In seven cases, no other HPA antibodies were detected, three being NAITP cases. The incidence of Gov antibodies was significantly lower than HPA‐1 system antibodies (n = 87), but equalled the number of HPA‐5 system antibodies (n = 14) and outnumbered HPA‐2 and ‐3 system antibodies (10 altogether).
A nearly interpolatory algorithm for H∞ identification with mixed time and frequency response data

A new algorithm is proposed for H/sub /spl infin// identification with mixed time and frequency response data. This algorithm shares similar properties to interpolatory algorithms, and is nearly interpolatory. Meanwhile, it greatly reduces the computational complexity of the interpolatory algorithm. Worst-case identification error bounds are also characterized, and derived for this nearly interpolatory algorithm. A numerical example is used to illustrate the proposed identification algorithm.
Impact of health education during pregnancy on behavior and utilization of health resources. Latin American Network for Perinatal and Reproductive Research.

OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to assess whether an intervention in the education of the mother and the support person involves a change in health-related behavior and use of health facilities. STUDY DESIGN A randomized, controlled trial was conducted in four cities of Latin America on pregnant women at risk. Half of them (n = 1115) received a home intervention of four to six visits dealing with psychosocial support and education about health-related habits, alarm signs, hospital facilities, antismoking and antialcohol programs, and a reinforcement of adequate health services utilization for the pregnant woman and a support person. The control group (n = 1120) received routine prenatal care. RESULTS The distribution of risk factors and demographic, obstetric, and psychologic characteristics at baseline was similar in both groups. Women in the intervention group showed a statistically significant better knowledge of seven of the nine alarm signs considered and of two of the three labor-onset signs required. No differences between groups were observed in improvement on diet, cigarette and alcohol consumption, maternal physical strain, lactation at 40 days postpartum, and utilization of health facilities. CONCLUSIONS An intervention of psychosocial support and health education during pregnancy failed to show any benefit on perinatal outcome, health-related behavior, or utilization of health facilities.
Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyl residues in several tissues of fish from the North End Lake, Port Elizabeth, South Africa

The concentrations and distribution of 6 PCB indicator congeners (IUPAC nos. 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, and 180) were measured in 236 organ samples of fish ( Cyprinus carpio and Oreochromis mossambicus ) from the North End Lake in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were extracted from the fish muscles, gills, gonads and livers using USEPA method 8082, followed by a clean-up using concentrated sulphuric acid and florisil column chromatography. Analysis was achieved by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) using the internal standard method. The concentrations of total PCBs in the liver, gonads, gills and muscle were 95.69, 57.49, 44.63, 34.14 ng∙g -1 lipid weight (lw) in C. carpio and 119.73, 59.21, 49.78, 34.63 ng∙g -1 (lw) in O. mossambicus , respectively. These values were relatively low compared to those reported in the literature. PCB levels were predictably highest in the lipid-rich livers. Individual congeners were not distributed homogeneously within the investigated organs. PCBs 153 and 138 were present at higher concentrations than other PCB congeners for both species. PCB contaminants in fish act as indicators of pollution in aquatic ecosystems and are a potential threat to human health when consumed. Keywords : PCBs, tissues, fish, GC/MS, biomagnification, North End Lake
Phlebotomine sandflies and the spreading of leishmaniases and other diseases of public health concern

Phlebotomine sandflies transmit pathogens that affect humans and animals worldwide. We review the roles of phlebotomines in the spreading of leishmaniases, sandfly fever, summer meningitis, vesicular stomatitis, Chandipura virus encephalitis and Carrión’s disease. Among over 800 species of sandfly recorded, 98 are proven or suspected vectors of human leishmaniases; these include 42 Phlebotomus species in the Old World and 56 Lutzomyia species in the New World (all: Diptera: Psychodidae). Based on incrimination criteria, we provide an updated list of proven or suspected vector species by endemic country where data are available. Increases in sandfly diffusion and density resulting from increases in breeding sites and blood sources, and the interruption of vector control activities contribute to the spreading of leishmaniasis in the settings of human migration, deforestation, urbanization and conflict. In addition, climatic changes can be expected to affect the density and dispersion of sandflies. Phlebovirus infections and diseases are present in large areas of the Old World, especially in the Mediterranean subregion, in which virus diversity has proven to be higher than initially suspected. Vesiculovirus diseases are important to livestock and humans in the southeastern U.S.A. and Latin America, and represent emerging human threats in parts of India. Carrión’s disease, formerly restricted to regions of elevated altitude in Peru, Ecuador and Colombia, has shown recent expansion to non-endemic areas of the Amazon basin.
RyR 2 mutations linked to ventricular tachycardia and sudden death reduce the threshold for store-overload-induced Ca 2 release ( SOICR )

The cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) governs the release of Ca2 from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which initiates muscle contraction. Mutations in RyR2 have been linked to ventricular tachycardia (VT) and sudden death, but the precise molecular mechanism is unclear. It is known that when the sarcoplasmic reticulum store Ca2 content reaches a critical level, spontaneous Ca2 release occurs, a process we refer to as store-overload-induced Ca2 release (SOICR). In view of the well documented arrhythmogenic nature of SOICR, we characterized the effects of disease-causing RyR2 mutations on SOICR in human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cells and found that, at elevated extracellular Ca2 levels, HEK293 cells expressing RyR2 displayed SOICR in a manner virtually identical to that observed in cardiac cells. Using this cell model, we demonstrated that the RyR2 mutations linked to VT and sudden death, N4104K, R4496C, and N4895D, markedly increased the occurrence of SOICR. At the molecular level, we showed that these RyR2 mutations increased the sensitivity of single RyR2 channels to activation by luminal Ca2 and enhanced the basal level of [3H]ryanodine binding. We conclude that disease-causing RyR2 mutations, by enhancing RyR2 luminal Ca2 activation, reduce the threshold for SOICR, which in turn increases the propensity for triggered arrhythmia. Abnormal RyR2 luminal Ca2 activation likely contributes to the enhanced SOICR commonly observed in various cardiac conditions, including heart failure, and may represent a unifying mechanism for Ca2 overload-associated VT.
Time trends in child and adolescent mental disorders

Purpose of review 1995 saw the publication of a major review of time trends in psychosocial disorders of youth across the second half of the twentieth century. It found evidence for substantial increases in rates of youth crime, alcohol and drug use, depression and suicide in most industrialized countries in the decades following the Second World War, slowing in some instances in the 1980s. Ten years on, we review findings on more recent trends in rates of these and other indicators of child and adolescent mental health. Recent findings Prevalence estimates for autism spectrum disorders have increased in recent decades, as has public and professional awareness of hyperactivity and attention deficits. Trends in adolescent conduct problems, and in alcohol and drug use, appear to reflect culture-specific influences. Rates of suicide among young males, and self-harm among females have risen in many countries in recent years; trends in emotional disorders are more varied, but there is little evidence for any rise in rates of anorexia nervosa. Although some contributors to these trends have been identified, much remains to be learned about the key risks involved. Summary Monitoring time trends in child and adolescent mental health is essential for service planning; knowledge of changing trends can also provide important pointers to potential risk factors. Current data sources allow relatively reliable tracking of trends in some areas, but remain severely limited in others. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying recently identified trends in child and adolescent mental health.
Comparison of Renal Function Indicators According to Hydration Volume in Patients Receiving Intravenous Acyclovir With CNS Infection

Purpose: We aimed to compare the changes in renal function indicators as a function of hydration volume in patients treated with acyclovir for suspected herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Method: We obtained data from 216 acyclovir-treated patients hospitalized between 2007 and 2012 for suspected HSV infection. Intravenous hydration volume and renal function indicators (serum creatinine [sCr], blood urea nitrogen [BUN], glutamate oxaloacetate transferase, glutamate pyruvate transferase, and uric acid levels; estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]; and urine pH) were compared among the patients. The indicators were assessed before acyclovir infusion and after 3 days of acyclovir infusion. Results: Before acyclovir infusion, all the indicators were within normal ranges in all groups (hydration volume lower than 2 L/day, higher than 2 L/day, and without hydration). After acyclovir infusion for 3 days, the groups without hydration and with a volume lower than 2 L/day showed increased sCr (2.22 ± 0.51 and 1.70 ± 0.35 mg/dl, respectively), BUN levels (28.33 ± 0.57 and 22.14 ± 7.95 mg/dl, respectively), and glutamate oxaloacetate transferase (48.00 ± 2.65 IU/L, without hydration) and eGFRs lower than the normal range (53.03 ± 3.05 and 59.66 ± 10.25 ml/min, respectively; p < .001 for all parameters). The renal function indicators were within normal limits in the group with a hydration volume higher than 2 L/day. Conclusions: Renal function indicators in acyclovir-treated patients varied according to hydration volume. Health care providers should consider whether the hydration volume in each patient receiving intravenous acyclovir is sufficient for preventing nephropathy.