Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography # 10 . 13 The Role of Technological Gatekeepers in the Growth of Industrial Clusters : Evidence from Chile

Industrial clusters are often associated with innovative success. However, there is very little research on what types of organizational models apply to clusters as they grow, to facilitate upgrading and innovation – and especially in emerging/developing countries. This paper uses longitudinal micro-level data for a wine cluster in Chile. They show that the most advanced firms in the cluster behave as Technological Gatekeepers – i.e. they acquire knowledge outside cluster boundaries and contribute to diffusing knowledge to other, potentially rival, local firms – and do so persistently over time. The results are explained by combining three theoretical perspectives: evolutionary economics theory; business studies on communities of practice and knowledge workers’ know-how trade; and embeddedness theory.
Lawsonite-type phase transitions in hennomartinite, SrMn2[Si2O7](OH)2 · H2O

Abstract Phase transitions similar to those observed at low temperatures in lawsonite, CaAl2[Si2O7] - (OH)2 · H2O, were recorded at ~ 95 and ~ 150°C in hennomartinite, SrMn2[Si2O7](OH)2 · H2O. The room temperature structure of the natural phase was refined from X-ray singlecrystal data in space group P21cn and that of the > 150 °C phase at 245 °C in space group Cmcm. The structures are isotypic to the low-temperature and room temperature structures of lawsonite. The P21cn structure of hennomartinite exhibits twinning parallel to (100) with additional disorder mainly involving the H positions. As indicated by a split O position (O5), disorder and twinning must also be considered in the Cmcm structure. Similar to lawsonite, the driving force of the phase transitions is apparently the development of cooperative hydrogen bonds. At low temperatures the H atoms shift toward neighboring O atoms forming strong hydrogen bonds. The transition temperatures were determined by monitoring the intensities of critical reflections over the temperature range from -163 to 245°C. The low-temperature boundary of the Cmcm phase is characterized by the appearance of the 017 reflection (among other C-centering forbidden reflections) below 150(5) °C. The high-temperature boundary of the twinned room temperature phase is characterized by a dramatic enhancement of the intensity of the 406 reflection below 95(5) °C. Between 95 and 150°C (in analogy to lawsonite) the average space group Pmcn is proposed, which is the mediating sub-super group between P21cn and Cmcm. After one heating and cooling cycle, splitting of hk0 reflections (observed in ω scans) below ~ 100°C indicates that the true, relaxed room temperature structure represents a monoclinic derivative of the natural, initially determined P21cn average structure. Moreover, a decrease of the a unit-cell parameter and the unit-cell volume during the 245°C data collection suggests a temperature-controlled structural evolution of hennomartinite from disorder and small twin domains in the natural phase to large twin domains caused by annealing at elevated temperatures.
The Influence of Stress on Human Memory: Differences among Subjected Timing of Acute Stress

In this study, we compared the differences in influence of three stress subjection timings on memory using words stimuli with three valences, positive, negative, and neutral. Sixty-three participants were divided into four conditions, pre-learning stress, on-learning stress, post-learning stress, and control condition. Participants in stress conditions were exposed to acute white noise stress. The results showed differences in the delayed recall memory performances among the three stress timing conditions, and definite valence influences. Compared to the non-stressed condition, impaired neutral delayed recall was observed in the post-learning stress condition. Pre- and on-learning stress showed lower positive memory compared to the other valences within their condition. Since memory performance was not significantly different from the control condition in either the pre-learning or on-learning stress timing conditions, learning after/or under stress did not seem to impair memory performance. Among the three stress timing conditions, post-learning stress seems to most affect human memory.
Technical efficiency in public hospitals in Kenya: a two –stage data envelopment analysis

The paper uses the DEA technique to estimate efficiency scores in Kenyan public hospitals and then applies the Tobit regression to study inter-hospital variation in the scores. The DEA analysis reveals that small hospitals are more efficient than large hospitals, with efficiency levels ranging from 74-91% in small DMUs and from 57-78% in large DMUs. Tobit regression analysis shows efficiency scores are negatively correlated with the hospital’s distance from the manager’s residence and from the capital city. Internal and external supervisions are suggested as mechanisms for increasing performance of hospitals.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN READING HABIT AND READING COMPREHENSION ACHIEVEMENT OF 12 TH GRADE STUDENTS OF MA

The main objectives of this study are to find out; 1) how is the students’ reading habit, 2) how is the students’ reading comprehenaion achievement, 3) is there any significant correlation between reading habit and reading comprehension of 12th grade students of MA. PP. Qodratullah. The writer used descriptive quantitatif design to describe the data. The population of the study was five classes of 12 grade students of MA. PP. Qodratullah. The sample of this study was 168 students. The writer used questionnaire (Janthong, 2010) and reading test to collect the data. The test was administered once as post-test. Before the post-test was administered to the sample students, the validity and reliability of the instruments were estimated. The result of the test were analyzed by using Independent Sample T-test through SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 16.0. From the analysis, it was showed that the t-obtained was 0.309. It could be concluded that there was no significance correlation between the two variables since the t-obtained was higher than 0.05. The factors that influnced this condition were; 1) the misperception of the students toward good reading habits, 2) students preferred to read for pleasure (comics, newspapers, sport magazines), 3) the students preferred to read for pleasure, while the tests of this research were taken from reading for academic purpose materials. However, building a good reading habit is essential to be recommended because it is very important to develop the students’ reading comprehension achievement.
Midface Osseous Dimensions are not Affected by Uncorrected Nasal Septal Deviation

Methods: The study included 150 patients (104 males, 46 females; 18-63 years) who had paranasal sinus CT. The study population consisted of 51 patients with anterior nasal septal deviation (NSD) (group I), 72 patients with posterior NSD (group II) and 27 patients with no NSD (group III). By using multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) technique, on coronal plane the width of PA (PAW), the right and left maxilla spinal length (RMSL and LMSL) and the angle of the septal deviation (ASD) and on sagittal plane the height of the PA (PAH), the UAFH and the LM were measured.
Emotion Detection from Speech and Text

The main goal of this work is to carry out automatic emotion detection from speech by using both acoustic and textual information. For doing that a set of audios were extracted from a TV show were different guests discuss about topics of current interest. The selected audios were transcribed and annotated in terms of emotional status using a crowdsourcing platform. A 3-dimensional model was used to deﬁne an speciﬁc emotional status in order to pick up the nuances in what the speaker is expressing instead of being restricted to a predeﬁned set of discrete categories. Different sets of acoustic parameters were considered to obtain the input vectors for a neural network. To represent each sequence of words, a models based on word embeddings was used. Different deep learning architectures were tested providing promising results, although having a corpus of a limited size.
Thermodynamic characterization of metal dissolution and inhibitor adsorption processes in mild steel / 3,5-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-amino- 1,2,4-triazole / hydrochloric acid system

New 3,5-disubstituted-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole derivative, namely 3,5-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3,4MAT) was synthesised and its inhibitive action against the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M HCl solution was investigated at 308 K. The detailed study of 3,4-MAT was been performed using gravimetric measurements and polarisation curves method. Results show that 3,4-MAT is a good inhibitor and its inhibition efficiency reaches 98 % at·10 �3 M. Tafel polarisation study revealed that 3,4-MAT acts as a mixed type inhibitor. The inhibitor adsorption process in mild steel/3,4-MAT /hydrochloric acid system was studied at different temperatures (308-323 K) by means of weight loss measurements. The adsorption of 3,4MAT on steel surface obeyed Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for mild steel corrosion and inhibitor adsorption, respectively, were determined and discussed
Renewable energy consumption and economic efficiency: Evidence from European countries

This paper examines the relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic efficiency. For this reason, conditional Data Envelopment Analysis estimators alongside with nonparametric regressions are applied in a sample of 25 European countries for the year 2010 with emphasis given to Eastern and Western European countries. Our results reveal that renewable energy consumption has a positive effect on countries' economic efficiency for lower consumption levels while for higher levels, the analysis reveals mixed effects, which are also subject to regional disparities. Finally, it appears that the effect of renewable energy consumption on countries’ economic efficiency depends also on countries’ specific regional characteristics as well as on the environmental policies adopted.
Fine‐scale study of a thick stratospheric ozone lamina at the edge of the southern subtropical barrier: 2. Numerical simulations with coupled dynamics models

The modeling of an event such as an ozone lamina requires reproducing both the global and the small scales. In this study we report on a specific model capable of resolving such scale issues: the COMMID model, which has been developed by coupling a mechanistic model, MSDOL, with a high-resolution advection model, MIMOSA. MSDOL, which is forced toward National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalyses below 100 hPa, provides a consistent picture of the stratospheric large-scale circulation from which MIMOSA simulates the fine-scale filaments generated by breaking planetary waves in the stratosphere. To evaluate the performances of the model, we present results for a particular event of tropical-air intrusion at midlatitudes across the southern subtropical barrier observed in July 2000 and described in part 1 (Portafaix et al., 2003). The model is used to examine the contribution of each wave to the structure and the development of that event. The methodology consists in filtering the NCEP tropospheric forcing by zonal wave number and by phase speed. Our results show that mixing is significantly reduced precisely at the locations where the phase speeds of the filtered waves are close to the speed of the mean zonal wind, thus confirming the findings of previous studies. However, what is important here is that they validate the use of an approach based on the coupling of two models. The next step will consist in using the COMMID model in a more general way for further investigations of the impact of the tropospheric circulation on the isentropic transport in the stratosphere for climate sensitivity purposes.
Ecological consequences of ontogenetic changes in head shape and bite performance in the Jamaican lizard Anolis lineatopus

It has been documented extensively that body size affects the physiology and musculoskeletal function of organisms. However, less well understood is how body size affects the ecology of organisms through its effects on physiology and performance. We explored the effects of body size on morphology and performance in different ontogenetic classes and sexes of a common Anolis lizard (A. lineatopus). Next, we tested whether these morphological and performance differences may affect functional aspects of the diet such as prey size and prey hardness. Our data showed that males, females and juveniles differ significantly in head size, head shape and bite force. Multiple regression models indicated that head shape and bite force are significantly correlated to prey size and hardness. Yet juveniles had relatively large heads and bit disproportionately hard for their size, allowing them to eat prey as large as those of females. However, for a given prey size, males and females ate more robust prey than did juveniles. Additionally, males ate relatively harder prey than did juveniles. These data suggest that: (1) body size affects the dietary ecology of animals through its effect on head size and bite force; (2) changes in head morphology independent of changes in overall size also have important effects on performance and diet. © 2006 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2006, 89, 443–454.
Fumarolic Activity, Acid-Sulfate Alteration, and High Sulfidation Epithermal Precious Metal Mineralization in the Crater of Kawah Ijen Volcano, Java, Indonesia

Opinion is divided over whether the fluid responsible for the formation of high sulfidation epithermal deposits is a vapor or a liquid, and whether it is entirely volcanic or of mixed volcanic-meteoric origin. Observations made at Kawah Ijen, an active stratovolcano (mainly andesitic in composition) located in the Ijen Caldera Complex in Java, Indonesia, are used to address these issues. The Kawah Ijen crater is approximately 1 km in diameter, and hosts one of the world’s largest hyperacidic lakes (pH ~0). On the lake edge is a small and actively degassing solfatara field, which is surrounded by a much larger area of acid-sulfate alteration. This area was exposed during a phreatomagmatic eruption in 1817, which excavated the crater to a depth of 250 m, and comprises zones of residual silica, alunite-pyrite, and dickite/kaolinite. Based on the fractionation of 34S and 32S between alunite and pyrite, the acid-sulfate alteration occurred at a temperature between 200° and 300°C. High sulfidation epithermal mineralization accompanied the alteration in the form of massive and vein-hosted pyrite that contains up to 192 ppb Au, 9.2 ppm Ag, 6,800 ppm Cu, and 3,430 ppm As; these elements are invisible at the highest resolution of scanning electron microscopy, and thus either occur in the form of nanoparticles or are in solid solution in the pyrite. Condensed fumarolic gases released from the solfatara field and sampled at temperatures between 330° and 495°C contain up to 3 ppm Cu and 3.8 ppm As; the concentrations of Au and Ag are below detection. The pH of the condensed gas (water vapor) is ~−0.5. The above observations support a model in which highly acidic gases condensed ~250 m beneath the floor of the crater. Depending on the fluid/rock ratio, the condensed liquids altered the andesitic host rocks by leaching them to leave behind a residue of “vuggy silica” (high fluid/rock ratio), by replacing the primary minerals with alunite and pyrite (intermediate fluid/rock ratio), or by converting them to dickite/kaolinite (lower fluid/rock ratio). Gold-, silver-, and copper-bearing phases were undersaturated in the condensed liquids. However, they were able to concentrate by adsorbing on the surfaces of the growing pyrite crystals, which developed p-type conductive properties as a result of the uptake of arsenic. The metals were incorporated in the pyrite either by their electrochemical reduction to form native metal nanoparticles or through coupled substitutions with arsenic for iron and sulfur. The results of this study provide compelling evidence that high sulfidation epithermal precious metal mineralization can form directly from condensed magmatic gases.
Analysis of linear long-term trend of aerosol optical thickness derived from SeaWiFS using BAER over Europe and South China

Abstract. The main purposes of the present paper are not only to investigate linear long-term trends of Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) at 443 and 555 nm over regions in Europe and South China, but also to show the uncertainty caused by cloud disturbance in the trend analysis of cloud-free aerosol. These research areas are the densely urbanised and often highly polluted regions. The study uses the Bremen AErosol Retrieval (BAER) and Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) data for AOT retrievals in the specified regions from October 1997 to May 2008. In order to validate the individually retrieved AOTs and the corresponding trends, AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) level 2.0 data have been used. The retrieved AOTs were in good agreement with those of AERONET (0.79 ≤ R ≤ 0.88, 0.08 ≤ RMSD ≤ 0.13). The contamination of the aerosol retrievals and/or AERONET observations by thin clouds can significantly degrade the AOT and lead to statistically non-representative monthly-means, especially during cloudy seasons. Therefore an inter-correction method has been developed and applied. The "corrected" trends for both BAER SeaWiFS and AERONET AOT were similar and showed in average a relative difference of ∼25.19%. In general terms, negative trends (decrease of aerosol loading) were mainly observed over European regions, with magnitudes up to −0.00453 and −0.00484 yr −1 at 443 and 555 nm, respectively. In contrast, the trend in Pearl River Delta was positive, most likely attributed to rapid urbanization and industrialization. The magnitudes of AOT increased by +0.00761 and +0.00625 yr −1 respectively at 443 and 555 nm.
Reconciling the Relevance of Labor Market Institutions in Search and Matching Models with International Evidence

This paper examines whether search and matching frictions in labor markets can account for cross-country differences in business cycle properties. The particular interest is the joint effect of two institutional variables, employment protection and the replacement income of unemployed workers. I first document an empirical regularity that higher degrees of employment protection and/or lower replacement rates are associated with larger standard deviations of real wages relative to those of unemployment in OECD members. However, there is a positive correlation between employment protection and replacement rates implying that the net effect of the systematic difference in these institutional variables could be ambiguous. I then show that modern macroeconomic models with search and matching frictions are broadly consistent with the stylized fact: the models predict that higher firing costs and/or lower replacement rates raise the wage volatility relative to that of unemployment. I find that this result is robust to alternative setups of non-labor markets. Finally, I find that the effect of the above institutions on inflation is minor.
A statistical study of the dawn‐dusk asymmetry of ion temperature anisotropy and mirror mode occurrence in the terrestrial dayside magnetosheath using THEMIS data

We present a statistical study of ion temperature anisotropy and mirror mode activity in the Earth's dayside magnetosheath using 6 years of Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) observations focusing on the quantification of dawn‐dusk asymmetry as a function of upstream conditions and distance from the magnetopause. Our statistical data show a pronounced dusk favored asymmetry of T⊥/T∥ which drives a similar asymmetry of mirror mode activity. T⊥/T∥ decreases with increasing solar wind Alfvén Mach number, whereas mirror mode occurrence increases. In both cases, the relative asymmetry between the dawn and dusk flanks decrease with increasing Alfvén Mach number. In addition, during the transition from low/moderate MA, there was a shift in our data set from dips to peaks, suggesting that the magnetosheath strongly favors peaks during intervals of higher Mach number. We also observed more mirror modes and larger asymmetry during atypical inward ortho‐Parker spiral interplanetary magnetic field compared to the more statistically relevant Parker spiral configuration. Our results are consistent with previous experimental studies of mirror modes and to some extent, numerical models.
The stability of an evolving Atlantic meridional overturning circulation

In this study, we propose a generalized stability indicator, L, for a slowly evolving and quasi‐steady Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), which represents a feedback related to the AMOC and its associated freshwater transport within the Atlantic basin. As an improvement from previous indicators for the AMOC in equilibrium, this generalized indicator does not require a divergence‐free freshwater transport in the Atlantic for a collapsed AMOC, which enables it to correctly monitor the AMOC stability through the AMOC hysteresis loop in the coupled atmosphere‐ocean general circulation models. From the simulation, the indicator L suggests that the AMOC is in a stable regime, with single equilibrium under the present‐day and the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) climates. However, under the present‐day climate, a Bering Strait (BS) closure will diminish the freshwater outflow from the North Atlantic into the Arctic as the AMOC collapses, resulting in a freshwater convergence in the Atlantic basin and making the AMOC reside in a stable collapsed state, i.e., the AMOC exhibits characteristics of multiple equilibria. Further analysis shows that the BS effect is much reduced under the LGM climate. This generalized indicator L has great implications for paleoclimate studies in understanding the abrupt climate change due to the instability of the AMOC.
Improving Growth and Productivity of Fennel Plant Exposed to Pendimethalin Herbicide: Stress-Recovery Treatments

The present experiments were carried out during two successive winter seasons (2008/2009 and 2009/2010) in the green house of the Botany Department, National Research Centre of Egypt. The present study aimed to improve the growth and productivity of fennel plant under physiological stress of the herbicide pendimethalin. A three hour-pre-sowing seed treatment in methionine, tryptophan and pyrimidine derivative substance (SG93) each at 100 and 500mg/l was applied. Whereas, the herbicide pendiemthalin (8.5ml/l) was supplied as pre-sowing soil corporation. The results indicated that the herbicide caused significant reduction in growth parameters of the fennel plant estimated as shoot length (cm) and fresh and dry weight per plant at the age of 84 and 119 days. The stress of the pendiemthalin herbicide was reflected in the significant decreases in the photosynthetic pigment contents of fennel leaves at both stages and in the content of total protein. Significant increases in total phenolic and free amino acids were recorded as well. The herbicide exposure, however, had led to a decline in plant productivity in the measured yield components. But oil percentage or quality were not influenced. Noticeable counteraction effects on growth and productive capacity of fennel were achieved by the pre-sowing-seed soaking treatment in the amino acids methionine and tryptophan each at 100mg/l and in the pyrimidine derivative SG93 at 500mg/l. Interestingly better performance was obtained in case of the dual treatments, i.e. with the seed treatment under the exposure to the herbicide as pre-emergence soil application.