Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of bone morphogenic proteins in periodontal practice

Forty years ago Marshal R. Urist discovered a substance in bone matrix that had inductive properties for the development of bone and cartilage, until date, at least 20 bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been identified, some of which have been shown in vitro to stimulate the process of stem cell differentiation into osteoblasts in human and animal models. The purpose of this paper is to give a brief overview of BMPs and to review critically the clinical data currently available on the use of BMPs in various periodontal applications. The literature on BMPs was reviewed. A comprehensive search was designed. The articles were independently screened for eligibility. Articles with authentic controls and proper randomization and pertaining specifically to their role in periodontal applications were included. The available literature was analyzed and compiled. The analysis indicates BMPs to be a promising, as well as an effective novel approach to reconstruct and engineer the periodontal apparatus. Here, we represent several articles, as well as recent texts that make up a special and an in-depth review on the subject. On the basis of the data provided in the studies that were reviewed BMPs provide revolutionary therapies in periodontal practice.
Cache Effect of Shared DNS Resolver

The Domain Name System (DNS) is a key part of the infrastructure of the Internet. Recent discussions have centered on the removal of the shared DNS resolver and the use of a local full-service resolver instead. From the viewpoint of the cache mechanism, these discussions involve removing the shared DNS cache from the Internet. Although the removal of unnecessary parts from a total system tends to simplify the system, such a large configuration change in the system would need to be be carefully analyzed before its actual deployment. This paper presents our analysis of the effect of a shared DNS resolver based on the campus network traffic. Our findings were as follows: 1) this removal can be expected to amplify the DNS traffic by about 3.3 times, 2) the amplification ratio on the root DNS is much higher (about 10.9 times), and 3) removal of all caching systems from the Internet is likely to amplify the DNS traffic by approximately 12.1 times. Thus, the above-mentioned shared DNS resolver removal should not be considered. Our data analysis also revealed: 4) an increase in the number of clients that do not have a local DNS cache and generate repeated queries at short intervals (less than 1 min). 5) Since the amount of traffic from such clients is not small (about 95.0% of total DNS traffic), the deployment of a local cache itself is feasible.
Early Childhood and Maternal Antecedents to Drug Use

In a longitudinal study, the substance use/abuse histories were obtained on a community sample of 640, (mean age of 24.9 years) randomly selected from the 8,000 Philadelphia black subjects who had been studied comprehensively from birth to seven years of age in the National Collaborative Perinatal Project (NCPP). Among other conclusions, it is postulated from some of the many significant associations found between early life variables and substance use/abuse in early adulthood, that an infant is at risk who has the following combination of characteristics and family situation: outgoing, responsive, assertive or impulsive, or willful, and who is in an unfavorable family environment, with a mother who is generally negative toward the infant, has a larger number of small children and has had more fetal deaths, in a generally poor social environment.
Immunological studies in tropical spastic paraparesis

Tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) and other chronic‐progressive myelopathies have been clearly associated with increased serum and cerebrospinal fluid antibody titers to human T‐lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV‐I). However, little is known about the cellular immune function in TSP. In the present study, activated T lymphocytes were found in the peripheral blood of patients with TSP. Specifically, there were increased numbers of large CD3+ cells that also expressed HLA‐DR and interleukin‐2–receptor molecules. A significantly elevated spontaneous lymphoproliferative response was demonstrated in all patients tested. Generation of measles virus–specific cytotoxic T‐cell response was reduced in 4 of 4 patients. This was similar to previous findings in patients with multiple sclerosis. However, unlike multiple sclerosis, reduced generation of cytotoxic T‐cell response to influenza and mumps viruses was observed in 2 of 4 patients. These observations confirm further the strong association between TSP and an HTLV‐I–like virus and suggest that the observed abnormalities of the cellular immune response in TSP are related to infection of lymphocytes by the retrovirus.
Helicobacter mustelae and Helicobacter pylori bind to common lipid receptors in vitro

Helicobacter pylori is a recently recognized human pathogen causing chronic-active gastritis in association with duodenal ulcers and gastric cancer. Helicobacter mustelae is a closely related bacterium with similar biochemical and morphologic characteristics. H. mustelae infection of antral and fundic mucosa in adult ferrets causes chronic gastritis. An essential virulence property of both Helicobacter species is bacterial adhesion to mucosal surfaces. The aim of this study was to determine whether H. mustelae binds to the same lipids shown previously to be receptors for H. pylori adhesion in vitro. By using thin-layer chromatography overlay and a receptor-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, H. mustelae was found to bind the same receptor lipids as H. pylori, namely, phosphatidylethanolamine and gangliotetraosylceramide. In addition, both H. pylori and H. mustelae bound to a deacylplasmalogen phosphatidylethanolamine. In contrast to H. pylori, H. mustelae binding to receptors was unaffected by motility or viability. Murine monoclonal and bovine polyclonal antibodies against exoenzyme S, and exoenzyme S itself (from Pseudomonas aeruginosa), inhibited binding of H. mustelae to phosphatidylethanolamine and gangliotetraosylceramide. These findings show that H. mustelae binds in vitro to the same lipid receptors as H. pylori and suggest that the adhesion of H. mustelae to such species is mediated by preformed, surface-exposed adhesins which include an exoenzyme S-like protein.
Effects of propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, and nicotine on emissions and dynamics of electronic cigarette aerosols

Abstract An electronic cigarette (e-cig) generates aerosols by vaporizing the e-liquid, which mainly consists of propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), and nicotine. Understanding the effects of e-liquid main compositions on e-cig aerosols is important for exposure assessment. This study investigated how the PG/VG ratio and nicotine content affect e-cig aerosol emissions and dynamics. A tank-based e-cig device with 10 different flavorless e-liquid mixtures (e.g., PG/VG ratios of 0/100, 10/90, 30/70, 50/50, and 100/0 with 0.0% or 2.4% nicotine) was used to puff aerosols into a 0.46 m3 stainless steel chamber for 0.5 h. Real-time measurements of particle number concentration (PNC), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and particle size distributions were conducted continuously throughout the puffing and the following 2-h decay period. During the decay period, particle loss rates were determined by a first-order log-linear regression and used to calculate the emission factor. The addition of nicotine in the e-liquid significantly decreased the particle number emission factor by 33%. The PM2.5 emission factor significantly decreased with greater PG content in the e-liquid. For nicotine-free e-liquids, increasing the PG/VG ratio resulted in increased particle loss rates measured by PNC and PM2.5. This pattern was not observed with nicotine in the e-liquids. The particle loss rates, however, were significantly different with and without nicotine especially when the PG/VG ratios were greater than 30/70. Compared with nonvolatile di-ethyl-hexyl subacute (DEHS) aerosols, e-cig particle concentration decayed faster inside the chamber, presumably due to evaporation. These results have potential implications for assessing human exposure to e-cig aerosols. Copyright © 2020 American Association for Aerosol Research
Design of a nanoscale Quantum-dot Cellular Automata Configurable Logic Block for FPGAs

This paper presents a novel design of a Configurable Logic Block (CLB) for a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based on a computing scheme in nanoscale technology called the Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA). In QCA technology, the cells made of quantum dots transmit information from one cell to the other based on Coulombic repulsion between the electrons. The main goal behind the design of the CLB is to ultimately design a miniscule nano FPGA without transistors for the `beyond CMOS era' of the 2020s. Unlike previous research in this area, the attempt here is to take advantage of the unique QCA features in building the architecture. It is found that the proposed CLB has less latency and occupies less number of cells as compared to earlier designs. Different components of the CLB including a (4×16) decoder, a D-latch, a multiplexer and an RS-flip flop are designed, and simulated using the QCADesigner tool for functional correctness.
A formal model to express dynamic policies for access control and negotiation in a distributed environment. (Un modèle formel pour exprimer des politiques dynamiques pour contrôle d'accès et négociation dans un environnement distribué)

The main objective of this thesis is to define a high level logical language that can express complex security policies within an access control framework. The development of this language is done in three steps. First we define a role based dynamic framework where the state evolution of a service depends on the execution of its functionalities. Next we define an attribute based framework that gives more expressivity in terms of specification of access control conditions and add the notion of workflow that gives an order over the execution of the service functionalities and thus allows the definition of the general behavior of the service. Finally, in order to take into account the collaboration between different services we add a trust negotiation layer that allows each service to define its own exchange policy with respect to other services in the environment. Having such a unified framework facilitates the safety analysis of the security policy since one can take into account the different factors that influence the access control decisions within the same framework. Thus the second objective of this thesis is to study the main access control features such as delegation and separation of duty properties on the one hand and the security features for the communication between the services at the trust negotiation level on the other hand.
ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE MOLECULAR GAS IN THE DEBRIS DISK OF THE 30 Myr OLD STAR HD 21997

The 30 Myr old A3-type star HD 21997 is one of the two known debris dust disks having a measurable amount of cold molecular gas. With the goal of understanding the physical state, origin, and evolution of the gas in young debris disks, we obtained CO line observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Here, we report on the detection of 12CO and 13CO in the J = 2–1 and J = 3–2 transitions and C18O in the J = 2–1 line. The gas exhibits a Keplerian velocity curve, one of the few direct measurements of Keplerian rotation in young debris disks. The measured CO brightness distribution could be reproduced by a simple star+disk system, whose parameters are rin < 26 AU, rout = 138 ± 20 AU, M☉, and i = 32. °6 ± 3. °1. The total CO mass, as calculated from the optically thin C18O line, is about (4–8) × 10−2 M⊕, while the CO line ratios suggest a radiation temperature on the order of 6–9 K. Comparing our results with those obtained for the dust component of the HD 21997 disk from ALMA continuum observations by Moór et al., we conclude that comparable amounts of CO gas and dust are present in the disk. Interestingly, the gas and dust in the HD 21997 system are not colocated, indicating a dust-free inner gas disk within 55 AU of the star. We explore two possible scenarios for the origin of the gas. A secondary origin, which involves gas production from colliding or active planetesimals, would require unreasonably high gas production rates and would not explain why the gas and dust are not colocated. We propose that HD 21997 is a hybrid system where secondary debris dust and primordial gas coexist. HD 21997, whose age exceeds both the model predictions for disk clearing and the ages of the oldest T Tauri-like or transitional gas disks in the literature, may be a key object linking the primordial and the debris phases of disk evolution.
Notes on Population Dynamics of Amblyomma Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in Brazil

Abstract Previous population dynamics data, generated for Amblyomma parvum Aragão and Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius) in Argentina and southeastern Brazil, have indicated that these ticks complete 1 generation per year, with larvae predominating in autumn, nymphs in winter, and mostly adults during spring and summer. The present study reports population dynamics data for free-living Amblyomma spp. ticks in northern Brazil (Amazon forest, latitude 10°S, 63°W), and for Amblyomma spp. ticks collected on birds in southeastern Brazil (latitude 23°S, 45°W). In northern Brazil, adult ticks predominated from mid-spring to mid-autumn, larvae predominated in early winter, and nymphs from mid-winter to mid-spring. Seven Amblyomma spp. were identified, although A. cajennense predominated in 1 of the 2 sites sampled. In southeastern Brazil, larval infestations on birds peaked in autumn, followed by a nymphal infestation peak in late winter. At least 32% and 75% of these larvae and nymphs, respectively, were identified as Amblyomma longirostre (Koch). Similar to previous work, the present study showed that Amblyomma spp. larvae and nymphs predominated during autumn–winter months, and mostly adults during spring–summer months, a pattern compatible with 1 generation/yr, even at latitude 10°S in northern Brazil.
Oral mucosal diseases investigated by patch testing with a dental screening series

The rôle of contact allergies in oral mucosal diseases was studied. The subjects were 24 patients out of 479 tested, who had oral mucosal symptoms and positive patch test reactions in a dental series during 1987–1994 at the Department of Dermatology. Helsinki University Hospital. The clinical diagnoses were oral lichen planus (LPO, 13 patients), leukoplakia (2), glossodynia, i.e., ‘burning mouth syndrome’ (4), stomatitis (3) and recurrent angioedema (2), Only 1 patient had symptoms in relation to dental care. All but 2 patients had allergic reactions to mercury (Hg) (12 patients), gold sodium thiosulfate (Au) (13 patients) or both. A clinical connection between oral symptoms and contact allergy was seen in 10 patients, 9 patients (7 LPO, 2 leukoplakia) had Hg allergy in these cases, the oral lesions disappeared after the amalgam fillings had been removed. 1 patient had recurrent stomatitis and perioral eczema after dental care and 2,2‐bis(4‐(2‐hydroxy 3‐methacryloxypropoxy)phenyl)propane (BIS‐GMA) allergy. Her symptoms were caused by drilling of acrylic fillings. In addition, a connection between localized stomatitis and contact allergy was considered probable in 2 cases. 1 patient had stomatitis from contact with an orthodontic device and nickel allergy. The other had stomatitis from contact with a dental gold crown and gold allergy. No clinical connection was found between gold allergy and the oral symptoms of other patients.
Exploring demands from the perspective of employees identified as being at risk of burnout

ABSTRACT Purpose: Burnout has become an occupational health concern. However, little is known about the experiences of individuals identified as being at risk of burnout. This study aimed to address this gap by exploring employees’ experiences of well-being who were identified as burnout risks. Method: Interviews were conducted with 26 employees who agreed to participate in the study. A phenomenological approach was taken, with a case study design as the research strategy. Results: Three major themes were identified: job demands, life demands, and health concerns. It was evident that participants were experiencing demanding conditions in both their work and personal lives, indicating burnout to be a multi-domain phenomenon. Conclusions: Professionals and managers should take note of these results to assist and support employees who are identified as being at risk of burnout.
Fen ve Teknoloji Öğretmenlerinin Bilimin Doğası Hakkındaki Görüşleri

Bu arastirma, fen ve teknoloji ogretmenlerinin bilimin dogasina yonelik goruslerinin saptanmasi amaciyla gerceklestirildi. Arastirmanin verileri daha once Aikenhead, Ryan ve Fleming (1989) tarafindan gelistirilen Bilim, Teknoloji ve Toplum Uzerine Gorusler (Views on Science Technology and Society, VOSTS) anketi kullanilarak ve yari-yapilandirilmis gorusmeler yoluyla toplandi. Anketten elde edilen verilerin betimsel analiz yapilarak yuzde ve frekans olarak verilmis ve gorusmelerden elde edilen veriler kodlanarak icerik analizi yapildi. Analizler sonucunda; bilimin tanimi, gozlemlerin dogasi, bilimsel bilginin degiskenligi, onerme, kuram ve yasalarin yapisi ve bilimsel yontemle ilgili olarak fen ve teknoloji ogretmelerinin yetersiz ve yanlis bir takim goruslere sahip olduklari goruldu
Enterobacter spp.: pathogens poised to flourish at the turn of the century

Knowledge of the genus Enterobacter and its role in human disease has expanded exponentially in recent years. The incidence of infection in the hospital and the community has increased. New clinical syndromes have been recognized. Enterobacter spp. have also been implicated as causes of other syndromes that traditionally have been associated almost exclusively with more easily treatable pathogens, such as group A streptococci and staphylococci. Rapid emergence of multiple-drug resistance has been documented in individual patients during therapy and in populations and environments with strong selective pressure from antimicrobial agents, especially the cephalosporins. Therapeutic options for patients infected with multiply resistant strains have become severely limited. Carbapenems or, alternatively, fluoroquinolones are the most predictively active options, although resistance to both classes has been observed on rare occasions. Enterobacter spp. appear well adapted for survival and even proliferation as the turn of the century approaches.
Trojaning Attack on Neural Networks

—With the fast spread of machine learning tech- niques, sharing and adopting public machine learning models become very popular. This gives attackers many new opportunities. In this paper, we propose a trojaning attack on neural networks. As the models are not intuitive for human to understand, the attack features stealthiness. Deploying trojaned models can cause various severe consequences including endangering human lives (in applications like autonomous driving). We ﬁrst inverse the neural network to generate a general trojan trigger , and then retrain the model with reversed engineered training data to inject malicious behaviors to the model. The malicious behaviors are only activated by inputs stamped with the trojan trigger. In our attack, we do not need to tamper with the original training process, which usually takes weeks to months. Instead, it takes minutes to hours to apply our attack. Also, we do not require the datasets that are used to train the model. In practice, the datasets are usually not shared due to privacy or copyright concerns. We use ﬁve different applications to demonstrate the power of our attack, and perform a deep analysis on the possible factors that affect the attack. The results show that our attack is highly effective and efﬁcient. The trojaned behaviors can be successfully triggered (with nearly 100% possibility) without affecting its test accuracy for normal input and even with better accuracy on public dataset. Also, it only takes a small amount of time to attack a complex neuron network model. In the end, we also discuss possible defense against such attacks.
Serum serotonin levels are not useful in diagnosing fibromyalgia

Altered concentrations of circulating serotonin have been implicated in several pathological conditions such as fibromyalgia,1–4 rheumatoid arthritis2,4,5 and major depression.6 In fibromyalgia in particular, several investigators have reported low serum serotonin levels as compared to the general population.1,3 We analysed sera from 20 patients with fibromyalgia, and compared the data with that obtained on analysis of sera from age- and gender-matched controls, including 20 patients with of rheumatoid arthritis, 20 with osteoarthritis, 20 with major depression, and 20 healthy individuals. The patients with fibromyalgia had a mean number of tender points of 16.3 and a mean duration of the disease of 9.65 years. Thirteen patients …
Restoration of the blood pressure circadian rhythm by direct renin inhibition and blockade of angiotensin II receptors in mRen2.Lewis hypertensive rats

Background: Alterations in the circadian arterial pressure rhythm predict cardiovascular mortality. We examined the circadian arterial pressure rhythm and the effect of renin–angiotensin system blockade in congenic mRen2.Lewis hypertensive rats, a renin-dependent model of hypertension derived from the backcross of transgenic hypertensive [mRen-2]27 rats with Lewis normotensive ones. Methods: Twenty-nine mRen2.Lewis hypertensive rats were randomly assigned to drink tap water (vehicle; n = 9), valsartan (30 mg/kg/day; n = 10), or valsartan (30 mg/kg/day) combined with aliskiren given subcutaneously (50 mg/kg/day; n = 10) for 2 weeks. Arterial pressure, heart rate, and locomotive activity were recorded with chronically implanted radiotelemetry probes. The awake/asleep ratio was calculated as [awake mean arterial pressure (MAP) mean – asleep MAP mean)] / (awake MAP mean) x 100. Plasma renin activity (PRA) and concentration (PRC), and plasma and kidney angiotensin II (Ang II) were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIAs). Results: Untreated hypertensive rats showed an inverse arterial pressure rhythm, higher at day and lower at night, accompanied by normal rhythms of heart rate and locomotive activity. Treatment with valsartan or aliskiren and valsartan normalized the elevated arterial pressure and the arterial pressure rhythm, with the combination therapy being more effective in reducing MAP and in restoring the awake/asleep ratio. While PRA and PRC increased with the treatments, the addition of aliskiren to valsartan partially reversed the increases in plasma Ang II levels. Valsartan and the aliskiren and valsartan combination markedly reduced the renal cortical content of Ang II. Conclusion: The altered circadian arterial pressure rhythm in this renin-dependent hypertension model uncovers a significant role of Ang II in the desynchronization of the circadian rhythm of arterial pressure, heart rate, and locomotive activity.