Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The significant others of subjective norm - A scientometric study of subjective norm in IS top-journals over two decades

The role of grounded approaches has been advocated for long in IS research. However, the inherent subjectivity of such approaches and the apparent lack of a basis to validate or even replicate such research has often been the subject of debate among IS researchers. As a result, many IS researchers tend to fall back on variance-theoretic approaches to conceptualize, design and operationalize their research. In this paper, we show how a grounded approach, interpretive structural modeling (ISM), can be used to qualitatively elicit individual cognitive structures. Further, we show how it can be applied to derive the shared aspects of such a structure across many individuals. We use the well-known technology acceptance model (TAM) to demonstrate the utility of our approach. We conclude the paper by discussing the strengths and weaknesses of this approach.
Effect of sampling location, release technique and time after activation on the movement characteristics of scallop (Pecten maximus) sperm

Sperm characteristics of scallops have not been well described in the scientific literature. The effects of sperm release technique (thermal shock versus serotonin injection), of sperm collection technique (testis sampling ver- sus serotonin injection), of sperm sampling location along the genital tract, of in vitro sperm maturation, and of time post activation on scallop sperm characteristics were assessed in the present work. Whatever sperm release technique used, no significant differences were observed regarding the percentage of motile spermatozoa and the velocity of the average path (VAP). Compared to testicular sperm, a higher percentage of motile spermatozoa, VAP and intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content were observed for sperm shed after serotonin injection. From the distal part of testes up to the gonopore, an increase of the percentage of motile spermatozoa and VAP was assessed, suggesting a sperm 'maturation process' along the genital ducts. A higher increase in the percentage of motile sperm was recorded during a 5 min incubation of testicular sperm in seawater containing 2 mM serotonin and seawater containing 10 mM caffein compared to seawater (control). In addition, a higher VAP was assessed, incubating testicular sperm in caf- fein, compared to control or serotonin. Then, the percentage of motile spermatozoa, VAP and intracellular ATP content exhibited a progressive reduction during the 10 h swimming period. Mean values of the percentage of motile spermato- zoa, VAP, sperm track linearity (LIN) and intracellular ATP content recorded at the beginning of the movement period for sperm samples collected after intragonadal serotonin injection, were 82 ± 7%, 162 ± 15 µ ms −1 ,0 . 33 ± 0.12 and 212 ± 133 nmol ×10 −9 spermatozoa (n = 9 males), respectively. The present study confirms the existence of a sperm "maturation process" along scallop genital ducts. In addition, the cessation of scallop sperm movement can be explained by the exhaustion of ATP content at the end of the movement phase.
X-Ray Spectral Variability and Rapid Variability of the Soft X-Ray Spectrum Seyfert 1 Galaxies Arakelian 564 and Ton S180

The bright, soft X-ray spectrum Seyfert 1 galaxies Ark 564 and Ton S180 were monitored for 35 days and 12 days, respectively, with ASCA and RXTE (and EUVE for Ton S180). These represent the most intensive X-ray monitoring of any such soft-spectrum Seyfert 1 to date. Light curves were constructed for Ton S180 in six bands spanning 0.1-10 keV and for Ark 564 in five bands spanning 0.7-10 keV. The short-timescale (hours-days) variability patterns were very similar across energy bands, with no evidence of lags between any of the energy bands studied. The fractional variability amplitude was almost independent of energy band, unlike hard-spectrum Seyfert 1 galaxies, which show stronger variations in the softer bands. It is difficult to simultaneously explain soft Seyfert galaxies stronger variability, softer spectra, and weaker energy dependence of the variability relative to hard Seyfert galaxies. There was a trend for soft- and hard-band light curves of both objects to diverge on the longest timescales probed (~weeks), with the hardness ratio showing a secular change throughout the observations. This is consistent with the fluctuation power density spectra that showed relatively greater power on long timescales in the softest bands. The simplest explanation of all of these is that two continuum emission components are visible in the X-rays: a relatively hard, rapidly variable component that dominates the total spectrum and a slowly variable soft excess that only shows up in the lowest energy channels of ASCA. Although it would be natural to identify the latter component with an accretion disk and the former with a corona surrounding it, a standard thin disk could not get hot enough to radiate significantly in the ASCA band, and the observed variability timescales are much too short. It also appears that the hard component may have a more complex shape than a pure power law. The most rapid factor of 2 flares and dips occurred within ~1000 s, in Ark 564 and a bit more slowly in Ton S180. The speed of the luminosity changes rules out viscous or thermal processes and limits the size of the individual emission regions to ≲15 Schwarzschild radii (and probably much less), that is, to either the inner disk or small regions in a corona.
$B{\bar B}$ angular correlations at the LHC in parton Reggeization approach merged with higher-order matrix elements

We calculate the angular distribution spectra between beauty ($B$) and anti-beauty ($\bar B$) mesons in proton-proton collisions in the leading order approximation of the parton Reggeization approach consistently merged with the next-to-leading order corrections from the emission of additional hard gluon. To describe b-quark hadronization we use the universal scale-depended parton-to-meson fragmentation functions extracted from the world $e^+e^-$ annihilation data. We have obtained good agreement between our predictions and data from the CMS Collaboration at the energy $\sqrt{S}=7$ TeV for $B \bar B$ angular correlations within uncertainties and without free parameters. Predictions for analogous correlation observables at $\sqrt{S}=13$ TeV are provided.
Ultraviolet Light Curves of Gaia16apd in Superluminous Supernova Models

Observations of Gaia16apd revealed extremely luminous ultraviolet emission among superluminous supernovae (SLSNe). Using radiation hydrodynamics simulations, we perform a comparison of UV light curves, color temperatures, and photospheric velocities between the most popular SLSN models: pair-instability supernova, magnetar, and interaction with circumstellar medium. We find that the interaction model is the most promising to explain the extreme UV luminosity of Gaia16apd. The differences in late-time UV emission and in color evolution found between the models can be used to link an observed SLSN event to the most appropriate model. Observations at UV wavelengths can be used to clarify the nature of SLSNe and more attention should be paid to them in future follow-up observations.
Hypothetical Structures of Magadiite and Sodium Octosilicate and Structural Relationships Between the Layered Alkali Metal Silicates and the Mordenite- and Pentasil-Group Zeolites

Hypothetical model structures for magadiite and sodium octosilicate, based on the structure of the zeolite dachiardite, are proposed that consist of layers of 6-member rings of tetrahedra and blocks containing 5-member rings attached to both sides of the layers. The infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of magadiite and sodium octosilicate have features in common with spectra of zeolites in the ZSM-5 and mordenite groups. A peak at 1225 cm-1 in the IR spectra of magadiite and sodium octosilicate is characteristic of zeolites containing 5-member rings, such as ZSM-5- and mordenite-type zeolites. The defect structures of pentasil zeolites may therefore be akin to layered alkali metal silicates containing zeolite-like domains, in which part of the silanol groups from adjacent silicate layers are condensed (cross-linked) forming siloxane linkages.
Student Perceptions Following Assessment: An Investigation of the Effort- Reward Relationship and its Impact on Efficacy Cognitions

Assessment plays a significant role in the learning process, with both positive and negative feedback providing useful information for students. In the case of positive feedback students are comforted in their quality and direction of their study efforts, whereas negative feedback can encourage a reassessment of study strategies and effort. However, the relationship between negative feedback and future performance is a complex one that must take into consideration the cognitions of students about the feedback process. Specifically how a student thinks about their assessment will influence their response. In this exploratory study, using post-graduate business students, we examine how assessment results influence fairness perceptions and the consequences for selfefficacy beliefs regarding future performance. Implications for teaching are also discussed.
Questionnaire Designing Process: A Review

Questionnaires in different languages have expanded research into new dimensions by performing studies in variety of cultural groups and validating these questionnaires in those respective languages have ensured more precise and accurate information about the particular population. Questionnaire should always have a definite purpose that is related to the objectives of the research. To develop a questionnaire, various factors such as question sequence, layout, content, response structure & wordings are to be formed. On forming a questionnaire, pretest or pilot validation is performed, which is followed by translation into the local vernacular language of the target population to administer it to the local group of patients, because all the patients are not aware of the original language of the Questionnaire in which it formed. It is desired to be validated in that particular language by the most appropriate validation procedure for each questionnaires, because there will be chance of particular word having similar meaning in different languages which can change the interpretation of the question. Validation of questionnaire have important implications to develop research methodology for the evaluation of the specific disorders and the validity of the research outcomes and thus it is important for clinicians/researchers who wish to use questionnaires as a research tool. Once the validation of a questionnaire is successful into the desired language, the questionnaire will be more acceptable by the society and Physician, which can provide more accurate diagnostic result.
THE IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY IN NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND IN FRUIT PLANTATIONS

Biodiversity is a popular way of describing the diversity of life on earth. It includes all life forms and the ecosystems in which they live (Menini 1998). Biodiversity plays fundamental role in organic and sustainable food production. Biodiversity ensures countless kinds of foods as well as raw materials for clothing, shelter, fertilizers, and medicines. In agriculture, genetic diversity enables crops and animals to adapt to different environmental conditions. Biological resources are sustainable if they are not excessively exploited. We should be alarmed by the destruction of plant communities caused by cutting, burning, weeding, cleaning, overfertilizing, over-watering, and pollution. Scientists estimate that there are about 1.4 millions species on earth, including 750,000 insects, 41,000 vertebrates, and 360,000 plants. 80,000 plant species are edible, but only 150 of them are currently grown on a large scale. Only thirty plant species contribute to the “industrial food” supplied to supermarkets. The flora of Europe is gradually growing poorer. In the last thirty years, about 35,000 plant species have disappeared (Lugo, 1980, cited by Menini, 1998). Plant breeders contribute to the erosion of biodiversity when they select only the most productive strains, ignoring thousands of local heritage cultivars. At the beginning of this century, there were about 10,000 apple cultivars in Europe. Only a few are still commercially grown. In some countries, gene banks have been established to protect valuable genetic resources, but they are threatened by frost and disease. Biodiversity in vascular plants depends on geographical latitude, abundance, and habitat heterogeneity. Tropical plant communities consist of 1500-3000 plant species. The flora of central Europe consists of only 1000-1500 plant species. The richest plant communities are autogenic and semi-natural plant communities created by natural forces under favorable conditions. When they are destroyed by human activity, the resulting anthropogenic communities are dominated by a very limited set of species.
XPS and optical properties of sol-gel processed vanadium pentoxide films

Vanadium pentoxide xerogels were prepared by using sol-gel technology. As-prepared samples of xerogels were heated up to 580 K in order to remove the bonded water. The chemical composition of xerogel samples and thin films has been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS data have shown that pure V2O5 compound was formed. After thermal treatment, in the XPS spectra the main changes occurred in the vicinity of the O 1s peak due to the removal of water from xerogel. The optical properties of V2O5 films were studied by optical transmission and spectroscopic ellipsometry. Ellipsometric measurements have been carried out in the spectral range of 0.55.0 eV at 300 K. The changes in the optical spectra were observed after thermal annealing of as-prepared xerogel samples. The obtained data have shown that thermal treatment of V2O5 thin films has strongly influenced the optical transitions involving both localized and higher-lying conduction bands. Keywords: vanadium pentoxide lms, solgel technology, optical properties, XPS
A Numberable Set of Exact Solutions for the Macroscopic Approach to Extended Thermodynamics of Polyatomic Gases with Many Moments

A new model for Polyatomic Gases with an arbitrary but fixed number of moments has been recently proposed and investigated in the framework of Extended Thermodynamics; the arbitrariness of the number of moments is linked to a number and the resulting model is called an -Model. This model has been elaborated in order to take into account the entropy principle, the Galilean relativity principle, and some symmetry conditions. It has been proved that the solution for all these conditions exists, but it has not been written explicitly because hard notation is necessary; it has only been shown how the theory is self-generating in the sense that if we know the closure of the -Model, then we will be able to find that of -Model. Up to now only a single particular solution has been found in this regard. Instead of this, we find here a numberable set of exact solutions which hold for every fixed number .
Close Communications: Hedge Funds, Brokers and the Emergence of Herding

We examine how communication, evaluation and decision-making practices among competing market actors contribute to the establishment of herding and whether this has impact on market wide phenomena such as prices and risk. Data is collected from interviews and observations with hedge fund industry participants in Europe, the United States and Asia. We examine both contemporaneous and biographical data, finding that decision making relies on an elaborate two-tiered structure of connections among hedge fund managers and between them and brokers. This structure is underpinned by idea sharing and development between competing hedge funds leading to ‘expertise-based’ herding and an increased probability of over-embeddedness. We subsequently present a case study demonstrating the role that communication between competing hedge funds plays in the creation of herding and show that such trades affect prices by introducing an additional risk: the disregarding of information from sources outside the trusted connections.
Can Macroprudential Measures Make Cross-Border Lending More Resilient?

We study the effect of macroprudential measures on cross-border lending during the taper tantrum, which saw a strong slowdown of cross-border bank lending to some jurisdictions. We use a novel dataset combining the BIS Stage 1 enhanced banking statistics on bilateral cross-border lending flows with the IBRN? s macroprudential database. Our results suggest that macroprudential measures implemented in borrowers? host countries prior to the taper tantrum significantly reduced the negative effect of the tantrum on cross-border lending growth. The shock-mitigating effect of host country macroprudential rules are present both in lending to banks and non-banks, and are strongest for lending flows to borrowers in advanced economies and to the non-bank sector in general. Source (lending) banking system measures do not affect bilateral lending flows, nor do they enhance the effect of host country macroprudential measures. Our results imply that policymakers may consider applying macroprudential tools to mitigate international shock transmission through cross-border bank lending.
ETHICAL BEHAVIOUR: FACTORS INFLUENCING INTENTION TO BUY ORGANIC PRODUCTS IN LITHUANIA

During the latest decades economical and social problems had a great influence for society in shaping its ethical behaviour. Consumers started to perceive ethical consumption as a tool to lead society to better and healthier world. Therefore, companies have reacted to changing consumer preferences and offered various ethical products. As the importance of ethical products increased, it is crucial to determine the reasons of ethical consumer behaviour and factors influencing it. The researches made in emerging economies (like Lithuania) on ethical consumption are very limited, therefore neither factors influencing ethical consumer behaviour, neither problems limiting it were determined in Lithuania yet. As the term ethical is quite broad, in this study one form of ethical products – organic products were chosen. The aim of this research was to determine the factors that influence the intention to buy organic products. Based on the models of Tarkiainen, Sundqvist (2005), Ahmad, Juhdi (2010) and Zhen, Mansori (2012), the research model was developed. It identified the influence of consumer ethical beliefs, concern about product safety, concern about health, and two moderating variables: product price and product availability, on the intention to buy organic products. Quantative survey was carried out among 406 Lithuanian respondents. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.em. 19.1. 4991
Bridging the gap to first year health science: Early engagement enhances student satisfaction and success

Student academic success and positive satisfaction in first year health sciences programs is shaped by their transition experience. An introduction to core knowledge, study skills, and engagement with staff and students has historically been overlooked, but this has been newly recognised as a contributor to first year success, especially with mass higher education of students from diverse backgrounds. The University of South Australia ‘Preparing for Health Sciences’ workshop was designed to assist the student transition into health science programs. The workshop improved confidence and enthusiasm in starting university (56% pre- and 95% post-workshop), and 97% considered the workshop effective overall. Introduction to biological principles was widely considered to be beneficial (87%). The attrition rate after the first semester in 2014 was 7.6%, which is appreciably lower than the standard 12% in science-based courses. These findings demonstrate that an introductory workshop does greatly assist in the transition of students into their health science programs.
Coffee straw used as mulch for germination and strength of crops and spontaneous species seedlings

The objective of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of using conilon and arabica coffee straw as mulch on the emergence and development of three crops (Lactuca sativa, Cucumis sativu, Solanum lycopersicum) and three natural plants (Eupatorium maximilianii, Amaranthus hybridus and Bidens pilosa). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design, with six repetitions. The treatments were arranged in a 3×6 factorial scheme, with three treatments of soil cover: Control (uncovered), conilon coffee straw and arabica coffee straw and six plant species. Conilon coffee straw harmed the emergence of C. sativus, L. sativa and E. maximilianii; it reduced the emergence speed of the studied species, except for S. lycopersicum and A. hybridus; it reduced both fresh and dried C. sativus masses. Arabica coffee straw only compromised the emergence of E. maximilianii; it reduced the emergence speed of L. sativa, E. maximilianii, and A. hybridus; and it increased both fresh and dry masses of C. sativus seedlings. It is possible to conclude that conilon coffee straw can be used as mulch in S. lycopersicum crops, in the management of the weed E. maximilianii, and also to delay the emergence of B. pilosa. Arabica coffee can be used in C. sativus, S. lycopersicum and L. sativa crops in the control of E. maximilianii and to slow down the emergence of A. hybridus. Key words: Cucumis sativus, Lactuca sativa, Solanum lycopersicum L. , Eupatorium maximilianii Schrad, Amaranthus hybridus L, Bidens pilosa L.
Governing the Large Metropolis

Abstract Metropolitan governance is shaped by the strong interdependencies within urban areas, combined with the fragmented geography and roles of the agencies that govern them. Fragmentation is not an accident; it responds to underlying differences in the preferences of constituencies, the scale of efficient provision of public goods and regulation, and the bundling of attributes of the city into jurisdictions. This is why governance moves forward in a haphazard way, through tinkering. The analytical framework for understanding metropolitan governance is as a large-scale unfolding principal–agent problem. There is no optimal ‘solution’ to this problem, whether from the standpoint of efficiency, satisfaction, or justice. This paper instead proposes creating a more explicit social choice process around the agencies and instruments of metropolitan governance.
An Empirical Investigation of Marketing Programme and Process Elements in the Home-Host Scenario

SUMMARY The two major strategies often available to international marketers are standardisation and adaptation when deciding to operate in a foreign host market. Both strategies have pros and cons. Drawing on the findings of previous theoretical and empirical studies, this study proposes a “marketing programme/process and performance” framework. The study employed a linear multiple regression (OLS) analysis method to examine the proposed framework, based on the experience of 233 Australian and New Zealand (home markets) firms operating in the Greater China region (host markets). Factors identified as significantly associated with adaptation of programme/process include “employee” and “employer” immigrant effects, government regulations, economic development, competitive environment and product life cycle. Factors identified as influencing firm performance include product adaptation, product type and market entry mode.