Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Helical Magnetic Fields in the FEMIC Code for RF Heating of Fusion Plasmas

This master’s thesis implements an addition of a poloidal magnetic field to the FEMIC-code. The necessary pertaining measures are implemented, such as a generic coordinate transformation of the electric field and the dieletric response tensor between the Stix and cylindrical coordinate systems used by FEMIC. This work also analyzes the e↵ect of a poloidal magnetic field in radio-frequency (RF) simulations of the Joint European Torus (JET) and ITER tokamaks. One e↵ect of adding a poloidal magnetic field is FEMIC predicting a bending of the wavefront. This bending e↵ect is quantized. For the investigated cases, the total absorbed power by the plasma is decreased while the power partition shifts in favor of the ions. The results obtained in this work are also benchmarked against the work by Bilato et al [1]. The results are found to be in good agreement with Bilato et al. An important finding of this work is that running RF-heating simulations with FEMIC with a poloidal magnetic field requires a subcentimeter grid and mesh size in the plasma to produce accurate and satisfactory results. Furthermore, to avoid complications the scrape-o↵ layer (SOL) was modelled using a vacuum. This resulted in accurate coordinate transformations. Future work could assess the possibility of using a dieletric tensor model in the SOL together with a poloidal magnetic field, while still maintaining coordinate transformational accuracy. Future work should also implement an upand downshift of the parallel wave number and benchmark the results against Bilato et al [1].
Race, arousal, attention, exposure and delay: An examination of factors moderating face recognition.

Otto H. MacLin, M. Kimberly MacLin, and Roy S. MalpassUniversity of Texas at El PasoA large percentage of people recently exonerated by DNA evidence were impris-oned on the basis of faulty eyewitness identification. Many of these cases involvedvictims and suspects of different races. Two studies examined the recognition ofHispanic and Black target faces by Hispanic participants under nonoptimal viewingconditions. When viewing time decreased, recognition performance for same- andother-race faces systematically shifted downward. Recognition accuracy for faces ofboth races decreased under conditions of high negative arousal and attention load;however, recognition of same-race faces was differentially affected by attentiondistractors. Face recognition accuracy was not affected by a delay between initialpresentation of the faces and the face recognition test. An understanding of howrecognition of other-race persons differs from that of same-race persons can assistby reducing misidentifications and ensuring that the perpetrator rather than aninnocent person is imprisoned.Eyewitness testimony often serves as direct evidence in a courtroom settingand can have a strong influence on juries (Loftus, 1974; Penrod & Cutler, 1995). Unfortunately, eyewitness identification is imperfect and can at times lead to theconviction of innocent people, as evidenced by a series of recent DNA exoner-ation cases. Breakthroughs in DNA testing have facilitated the isolation of factorsthat lead to false imprisonment. Of 62 cases examined, 52 involved mistakenidentifications (Connors, Lundregan, Miller, & McEwan, 1996; Scheck, Neufeld,& Dwyer, 2000). In 69% of the misidentification cases, the victim was White,whereas in 57% of those cases the exonerated defendant was Black, whichindicates that a proportionally greater number of misidentifications occurredacross racial lines.This finding may come as no surprise to anyone familiar with the phenom-enon commonly known as the own-race effect, cross-race effect, or own-race bias(Chance & Goldstein, 1996; Malpass & Kravitz, 1969; Brigham & Malpass,1985), which posits that people perform poorly when attempting to recognize aperson of a different race (Meissner & Brigham, 2001). A large body of literatureexists that examines factors affecting the recognition of own-race faces, such asdistinctiveness of the face, sex of the face, age of the witness, attention, arousal,exposure, and delay between observation and testing; however, only 18% of the
The birth of industrial accounting in France: some curious paradoxes

ABSTRACT Previous work by Boyns, Edwards, and Nikitin has demonstrated that while firms implemented industrial accounting later in France than in Britain, a specialised literature appeared much earlier in France. The first textbooks were published around the 1820s, while in Great Britain it was not until the 1880s. In trying to explain this paradox, Boyns and his co-authors have left aside a cultural and institutional element which seems to have played a decisive role: the progressive affirmation of an intellectual movement – industrialism – characterised, from the last quarter of the eighteenth century, by a new attitude of intellectual élites vis-à-vis scientific and technical knowledge, their applications and their dissemination. Once placed in this context, the early publication of these industrial accounting treatises loses its paradoxical character, to appear only as one of the many tangible expressions of this movement of ideas. Yet a review of the French accounting literature of the nineteenth century reveals a second paradox: the publication of more books on agricultural accounting than on industrial accounting! It is often ignored that, during this period, accounting had been the subject of in-depth reflection by French agronomists whose subsequent debates do not seem to have any real equivalent in the industrial world before the 1930s. Here again, the influence of the intellectual and institutional context was decisive, which confirms the relevance of our explanatory hypothesis regarding the early publication of industrial accounting textbooks. In addition, the picture shows, in negative, the relative lack of interest of engineers regarding management accounting, before they used it as a tool of legitimisation of their action in the introduction of scientific management.
Model-based analysis of nuclear arms control verification processes

Reduction of nuclear arms in a verifiable manner that is trusted by two or more parties is a hard but important problem. Nations and organisations that wish to engage in such arms control verification activities need to be able to design procedures and control mechanisms that let them compute pertinent degrees of belief. Crucially, they also will need methods for reliably assessing their confidence in such beliefs, in situations with little or no contextual data to apply data-driven learning techniques on. This motivates the investigation of alternative methods of modelling beliefs. This thesis will cover three key models: a probabilistic Bayesian Network (BN) model for an arms control inspection scenario; a dynamical system that models an arms race with dynamics reflecting verification activities; and mathematical games, which are used for understanding the design space of treaties that constrain inspection schedules. We extend our models beyond their conventional computational abilities, and encode uncertainty over variables and probabilities within the models. This thesis explores the techniques required to enable such computations and to use these to answer questions of interest to decision making. In doing so, we also show that these abstractions can mitigate against the risk that lack of prior data represents for modelling and analysis. A main contribution of the thesis is to not only develop such methods for dealing with uncertainty, but to also extend these models with external constraints that reflect beliefs, knowledge or assumptions. We extend BNs to constrained Bayesian Networks, and relax the requirement of declaring Real valued probabilities of events. This then enables us to analyse marginal probabilities of interest symbolically, or develop metrics that check for agreement in outputs between multiple different models, and even optimise such metrics over the uncertainty. Whereas Stochastical Optimisation and other utility based techniques would enable an analysis of likelihoods, this work employs Robust Optimisation. This means that we are assessing ‘best case’, ‘worst case’ or ‘is this ever possible’ events, which are important to our arms control verification domain. For dynamical systems, we are able to leave initial parameters of the model as unknown, and then compute an optimum inspection routine (based on any arbitrarily set metric) that
The Relationship between Public Expenditure for Technical and Vocational Education and Employability Skills of the Graduates of Vocational Colleges in Malaysia

Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s) Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com) This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
The Effectiveness of the Use of Animation in Arabic Language Learning

Implementation of animation as an Arabic language teaching aid is an innovation in creating an atmosphere that can influence student achievement. This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of the use of animation in Arabic language teaching and learning among diploma students at Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia. A total of 66 diploma students were randomly selected and divided into experimental group (n = 33) and control group (n = 33). The results obtained from the data collected from pre-and post-test for each group were analyzed using t-test in SPSS version 17.0. The results showed a significant difference of (t = 8789, df = 64, p <0.05) between the achievement of the experimental group and the control group in the post test. The difference in mean score of the experimental group and the control group was 33.03. This shows that there is significant improvement in Arabic language according to the groups. The difference prove that the use of animation in learning sessions contribute to the achievement of students in the Arabic language. This study advocate the idea that animation applications can be integrated as part of language teaching aid to positively improve student achievement, classroom learning environment and student motivation.
Modelling business failure among small businesses in Nigeria

Purpose - Despite the reported high bankruptcy rate among small businesses (SMEs) in Nigeria, this study is the first to develop failure prediction models specifically for SMEs using financial and non-financial variables. Methodology - The study employed logistic regression to a sample of 344 SMEs during the period 2000–2014. Findings- The increased in the predictive accuracy of the model shows that data relating to the age of business and location make a significant contribution. Additionally, the study finds that high leverage and operational expenses and low profitability are associated with SMEs failure. The prediction accuracy rate was 92.1 and 93.8 percent for model 1 and model 2 respectively. Conclusion- The findings will serve as an early warning signal for management to take proactive measures to overcome the threats of failure. Financial institutions such as banks will benefit from this study as it will help them set their internal control systems and procedures to manage credit risk for SMEs.
Radiative properties of IR materials

RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF IR MATERIALS by Manish R. Babladi The objective of this thesis is to study the radiative properties of materials of interest in the infrared range of wavelengths. In particular, three distinct materials have been considered here Erbium oxide, alumina and quartz. Erbium oxide has unique selective line emission, which gives a high emittance at a particular wavelength and low emittance in the rest of the infrared spectrum. It has applications in the design and development of thermophotovoltaic (TPV) generators. Because of its selective emission properties, erbium oxide assists in concentrating the radiant energy into a narrow band near the bandgap energy of the TPV cell, and this results in an efficient energy conversion. Lucalox and sapphire which are IR transparent materials are used as selective absorbers for increasing the efficiency of TPV generators. A novel spectral emissometer has been utilized for measurement of the temperature dependent radiative properties of erbium oxide, sapphire and lucalox. The experimental results presented in this thesis showed that the measurement of high temperature optical properties of these materials can be performed reliably with a novel non-contact, real-time approach using the spectral emissometer. The emissivity of erbium oxide is observed to be low and constant in the wavelength range of 2 to 5 microns and at various temperatures studied. Sapphire and lucalox exhibit almost similar characteristics in 1 to 3.3 micron region. All the materials investigated in this thesis are potential candidates for gate dielectrics in MOS technology. RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF IR MATERIALS
SOCIAL FRANCHISING AND SUPPLEMENTARY TUTORING: A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF FACILITATORS’ PERCEPTIONS

Franchising, a business concept that originated in the United States of America (USA), is a system of doing business via contracts through which the franchiser shares a system of knowledge, intellectual property and trade secrets in return for fees and royalties. Social franchising, on the other hand, utilises the same principles and format to achieve social benefits. Social franchising has been associated with, among others, the health services and education. Health services such as Marie Stopes International make use of social franchising to increase their services by engaging existing private providers to deliver high quality sexual reproductive health services in underserved areas. In education, social franchising can be seen as a quick fix to national problems regarding education. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively analyse facilitators’ perceptions of social franchising in education through the provision of supplementary lessons and its potential to improve students’ performance. The sample of the study comprised facilitators actively involved in the facilitation of lessons to supplement existing knowledge/impart new learning methodologies in mathematics, science and languages for school-going learners. An interview schedule was developed and participants were interviewed at the site of delivery during the period when students were on recess. From a content analysis of the transcripts of the interviews four themes, namely, challenges, opportunities, motivation and sustainability emerged. It is recommended that there should be greater parental as well as university involvement in the provision of supplementary tuition for learners. Existing schools with adequate resources should also be considered as possible venues for supplementary tuition.
Microstructure Evolution in Belt-Casted Strip of Grain Oriented Electrical Steel

This paper deals with the formation and decomposition of Widmanstätten austenite during solidification of the thin belt-casted strip made of a grain oriented electrical steel (GOES). Solidification of liquid steel starts with the formation of d-ferrite. Cooling in the delta + gama phase field results in the formation of a small fraction of Widmanstätten austenite by displacive transformation accompanied by carbon partition. Widmanstätten austenite laths have an orientation relationship with the ferrite grain into which they grow. Furthermore, they form a flat low energy interface along the ferrite grain boundary. In order to minimize the interfacial energy, ferrite grain boundaries in the vicinity of flat austenite/ferrite interface facets are forced to migrate which results in straightening of these grain boundaries. If parallel Widmanstätten austenite laths form in two adjacent ferrite grains, zig–zag ferrite grain boundaries arise. Precipitation of sulphides along ferrite/austenite interfaces make it possible to study the early stages of austenite decomposition under the delta + gama phase field. It starts with the formation of epitaxial ferrite accompanied by further partitioning of carbon into remaining austenite. The growth of epitaxial ferrite into the flat ferrite/austenite interface facets along ferrite grain boundaries results in a wavy shape of these ferrite grain boundaries. Finally austenite transforms either to pearlite or to plate martensite.
The Impact of Bank Supervision on Corporate Credit: Evidence from Syndicated Loan Reviews

We study the effect of bank supervision on borrower credit availability using a novel empirical approach. We vary the intensity of supervision at the loan-level by exploiting the assignment of federal examiners to syndicated loan reviews. Bank lenders decrease loan commitments in response to increased supervisory scrutiny, translating to lower credit availability and higher interest costs to borrowers. Borrowers only partially offset this loss in credit through non-bank financing. Small borrowers, without access to non-bank financing, experience even larger declines in credit. Finally, lead banks increase monitoring and adversely revise their internal risk estimates of borrowers subject to increased supervision.
Incorporating Stated Consequentiality Questions in Stated Preference Research

Although consequentiality has transformed the focus of stated preference research, there are concerns with including elicited consequentiality perceptions in econometric models. We test the effect of varying the order of the valuation and consequentiality questions using data from a drinking water reliability survey. We find that this ordering has a substantial impact on consequentiality perceptions. We address the potential endogeneity of consequentiality perceptions and find that they do not have a significant impact on voting. These results provide caution on the use of consequentiality questions and suggest these questions may not be a panacea for stated preference validity issues. (JEL Q25, Q51)
Bank Consolidation, Internationalization, and Conglomeration; Trends and Implications for Financial Risk

This paper documents global trends in bank activity, consolidation, internationalization, and financial firm conglomeration, and explores the extent to which financial firm risk and systemic risk potential in banking are related to consolidation and conglomeration. We find that while there is a substantial upward trend in conglomeration globally, consolidation and internationalization exhibit uneven patterns across world regions. Trends in consolidation and conglomeration indicate increased risk profiles for large, conglomerate financial firms, and higher levels of systemic risk potential for more concentrated banking systems. We outline research directions aimed at explaining why bank consolidation and conglomeration do not necessarily yield either safer financial firms or more resilient banking systems.
Teaching Science at the Primary school Level: “Problems Teachers’ are facing”

This study aimed at ascertaining the problems teachers face teaching science at the primary level. Literature reviewed relating to school science have suggested that students lack interest in science. This lack of interest on the part of the students may be as a result of problems teachers face implementing the science curriculum at the primary level. These problems if not identified may affect the quality of science education. The study was guided by one research question which was further sub- divided into two sub- questions. A descriptive survey research design was used. A 20 item questionnaire was administered to eighty teachers from ten primary schools from the administrative regions five and six in Guyana. Validation of the instrument was achieved through the contribution of a science educator from the University of Guyana. A reliability coefficient of 0.77 was obtained using Spearman-Brown split half coefficient. Data collected were analysed using mean and percentages. The finding showed that teachers admitted that they need continuous professional development sessions to enhance their science instruction and science content knowledge. It was therefore recommended that a research study be conducted to ascertain the teachers' specific area of interest for continuous professional development in science education.
Data-driven and model-based methods for verification and control of physical systems

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Land quality and the city: Monitoring urban growth and land take in 76 Southern European metropolitan areas

Urban expansion determines socioeconomic and environmental changes with unpredictable impacts on peri-urban land, especially in ecologically fragile areas. The present study assesses the impact of dense and, respectively, discontinuous urban expansion on high-quality land consumption in 76 metropolitan regions of Southern Europe. Land quality indicators and land-use maps were considered together with the aim to analyze urban growth and land take processes in Portugal, Spain, Southern France, Italy and Greece. Differences in the rate of selective land take (high- vs. low-quality soils) were observed at the metropolitan scale depending on the size of urban regions, the average level of land quality and the percentage of built-up areas and cropland in the total landscape. Discontinuous residential settlements were more frequently developed on high-quality soils in respect to both dense and mixed residential settlements and service settlements. Urbanization – especially discontinuous urban expansion – consumed high-quality land mainly in Spain and Greece. The approach presented in this paper may inform joint policies for urban containment and the preservation of high-quality soils in peri-urban areas.
Shareholder Value Creation - Comparison of Traditional Accounting Measures and EVA as Predictors of MVA

An imperative task of the business organizations is to align all the efforts for increasing shareholder's wealth. Market value added (MVA) is one of the external indicators which determine whether management has created or destroyed value. So the main aim of the paper is to evaluate traditional accounting measures and economic value added (EVA) as predictors of MVA so that it would lead to better management decisions for increasing shareholder value. To achieve this, the study compared the relative and incremental information content of 11 traditional accounting measures with that of EVA for a sample of 201 companies covering a period of eight years starting from 2005 till 2012. Findings of the study reveal that only six independent variables, namely, EPS, DPS, ROE, DTR, NPM and EVA were able to establish significant correlation with MVA and hence are included in regression models. The regression results for relative and incremental information content establish EVA's superiority over traditional accounting measures in predicting MVA. Based on the findings, the study suggests usage of EVA as value driver and Indian companies should start providing information regarding Economic Value created by them so as to let investors know the performance of the company and make correct investment decision.