Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exam anxiety in the undergraduate medical students of Taibah University

Abstract Background and objectives: Assessment is perceived to create highly stressful environment among medical students. Several studies have reported exam-related anxiety symptoms but the contributing factors seem to differ across institutions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of exam anxiety, gender differences and the variables that moderate exam anxiety among students of a Saudi medical school. Methods: A cross-section study was done on 5th year medical students by administering a 12-statement self-administered questionnaire. The degree of exam anxiety was gauged by a visual analog scale. Results: Of 125 students, 111 responded (response rate 89%). About 65% students experienced exam anxiety due to various reasons. Studying all night before exam (28 students; 25.2%) and extensive course load (26 students; 23.4%) were the major confounding factors. Female students experienced more stress due to extensive course load as compared with male students (p = .00). Conclusions: The data about the identified risk factors for exam anxiety can help medical educators to deeply understand the reasons for exam anxiety. There is a need to reassess the amount of study material in undergraduate medical curricula and students need to organize their time management skills to cope with exam anxiety.
Two results on borel orders

Abstract We prove two results about the embeddability relation between Borel linear orders: For η a countable ordinal, let 2η (resp. 2< η) be the set of sequences of zeros and ones of length η (resp. < η), equipped with the lexicographic ordering. Given a Borel linear order X and a countable ordinal ξ, we prove the following two facts. (a) Either X can be embedded (in a (X, ξ) way) in 2ωξ or 2ωξ + 1 continuously embeds in X. (b) Either X can embedded (in a (X, ξ) way) in 2<ωξ or 2ωξ continuously embeds in X. These results extend previous work of Harrington, Shelah and Marker.
Missing the Mark: House Price Index Accuracy and Mortgage Credit Modeling

We make two contributions to the study of house price index and mortgage credit modeling accuracy. First, we assess the predictive power of house price indices calculated at different levels of geographic aggregation. Lower levels of aggregation offer superior fit when appreciation rates vary substantially across submarkets and the indices are based on a sufficient number of transactions. Second, we estimate a competing options credit model using 15 years of mortgage performance data in the United States. Model accuracy is highest when using indices at a city or lower level of aggregation to construct current loan-to-value ratios. Fit is weaker when using state or national price indices. Overall, this research highlights the benefits of using more localized house price indices when predicting property values and mortgage performance.
Umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms in labour

Summary. Doppler signals were recorded from the umbilical arteries in 103 women during labour. The pulsatility index (PI) did not alter with progress in labour. During uterine contractions the PI showed a change only if there was a deceleration in the fetal heart rate. Low birthweight (<10th centile) and delivery by caesarean section for fetal distress were significantly more frequent in patients with abnormal PI values (defined as >2 SD above the mean in normal labours). Fetal scalp blood pH was measured in 24 patients. The PI was abnormal in only one case, but none of the 24 had a pH <7·20.
Perceptions of physical therapists toward patient education.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of physical therapists regarding their involvement in patient education. We developed a questionnaire to assess procedures or activities taught, methods or tools used, important physical therapist behaviors, techniques used to assess the effectiveness of teaching, barriers to delivering effective education, relative value of patient care activities as compared with other activities, and factors contributing to the development of teaching skills. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The questionnaire was sent to 300 American Physical Therapy Association members nationwide chosen by a random sample. Two hundred questionnaires, or 69% of the eligible responses were used in the data analysis. RESULTS Most respondents indicated they teach 80% to 100% of their patients. Nearly all respondents teach range-of-motion techniques, home programs, and treatment rationale through the use of demonstration and verbal discussion. Most respondents recognize the importance of many therapist behaviors related to patient teaching and use observation and evaluation to assess the effectiveness of their teaching. Barriers to patient education most frequently cited were psychological factors of the patient. Interaction with patients was considered most important to the development of respondents' teaching skills. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION Implications and suggestions for further research are discussed.
Growth of Chlamydia psittaci in macrophages

Survival and growth of L-cell-cultivated Chlamydia psittaci occurred in mouse macrophages in vitro. Two major factors governing the intracellular fate of chlamydiae in macrophages are: (i) the multiplicity of infection (MOI), i.e., the elementary body (EB)-to-macrophage ratio, and (ii) the state of the EB. At a low MOI (1:1) survival and growth of live, untreated chlamydiae were optimal. The chlamydiae were internalized in macrophages within 30 to 40 min. EB proceeded to differentiate into reticulate bodies, which underwent multiplication and further matured into infectious EB in the professional phagocytic cells. In contrast, at a high MOI (100:1), survival of untreated chlamydiae was greatly reduced as a result of immediate damage to the macrophages. eb that were pretreated with heat (56 degrees C for 10 to 30 min) or coated with homologous antibody were rapidly destroyed in macrophage phagolysosomes. Fusion of ferritin-labeled lysosomes with heat-treated or opsonized EB-laden phagosomes occurred in 2 to 4 h, resulting in transfer of the ferritin marker into phagolysosomes.
Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Diet of Members of an Irritable Bowel Self-help Group

A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 103 members of a self-help group for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and 130 controls, to compare the presence of IBS symptoms. Dietary fibre prescription, compliance and effi cacy were documented in the IBS group. There were significant differences in the frequency of defaecation and number of symptoms present between the two groups. Most of the IBS subjects had been prescribed a high fibre diet but adherence to the diet and symptomatic improve ment were poor. In contrast many IBS sufferers were following a range of diets not prescribed by their doctor. The seriousness of the IBS condition was highlighted by the fact that 8% of the IBS group had retired early due to their condition.
Faithful bipartite ROM reciprocal tables

We describe bipartite reciprocal tables that employ separate table lookup of the positive and negative portions of a borrow-save reciprocal value. The fusion of the parts includes a rounding so the output reciprocals are guaranteed correct to a unit in the last place, and typically provide a round-to-nearest reciprocal for over 90% of input arguments. The output rounding can be accomplished in conjunction with multiplier recoding yielding practically no cost in logic complexity or time in employing bipartite tables. We demonstrate these tables to be 2 to 4 times smaller than conventional 4-bit reciprocal tables. For 10-16 bit reciprocal table lookup the compression grows from a factor of 4 to over 16, making possible the use of larger seed reciprocals than previously considered cost effective. <<ETX>>
Complications of Internal Continuous and Perforating External Osteotomy in Primary Rhinoplasty

BACKGROUND Osteotomy is one of the major steps in rhinoplasty. The aim of study was to compare edema and ecchymosis after external and internal lateral osteotomy in patients who underwent rhinoplasty. METHODS Based on a prospective randomized clinical trial, 168 osteotomies were performed through an external route in a perforating fashion and internal route in a continuous fashion at right or left side respectively in any patient. Subjective scoring system was applied to evaluate edema and ecchymosis on 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 30th days after surgery. RESULTS Edema and ecchymosis were the same in both types of osteotomies. CONCLUSION Regarding edema and ecchymosis, there was not any significant difference between external and internal osteotomies in rhinoplasty.
Clarifying the two facets of Self-Oriented Perfectionism: influences on affect and the Big Five traits of personality in children

This study analyses the relationship between the perfectionism dimensions, i.e. Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Critical (SOP-C) and Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Striving (SOP-S), and affect and the Big Five traits of personality in a sample of 804 Spanish students aged 8 to 11 (M = 9.57; DE = 1.12). Student’s t test, Cohen’s d index and logistic regression analysis were used. The high SOP-C group scored significantly higher than their peers having low SOP-C on Negative Affect and Neuroticism, and lower on Positive Affect, Agreeableness, Consciousness and Openness to Experience. To the contrary, students with high SOP-S scored significantly higher on all adaptive dimensions (i.e. Positive Affect, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Consciousness and Openness to Experience), and lower on Negative Affect and Neuroticism. Effect sizes were small for most of statistically significant differences. These findings were also supported by regression analysis. Results are discussed in light of the debate on the adaptive or maladaptive nature of Self-Oriented Perfectionism.
The Dissociation of Small- and Large-Scale Spatial Abilities in School-Age Children

This experiment with school-age children was designed to assess the extent to which training in a “small-scale space”—so-called manual rotation training—can improve performance in a “large-scale space. ” In a preliminary test, 72 9- and 10-yr. -olds completed a direction estimation test. Half of the children then completed manual rotation training or played a nonspatial computer game. All of the children subsequently performed the direction estimation test again. Performance in direction estimation did not differ between the preliminary test and the posttest. Thus, in contrast to the parallel study with adults, the “small-scale spatial ability” was not associated with “large-scale ability. ”
Prediction of Small-for-Gestation Neonates from Biophysical and Biochemical Markers at 11–13 Weeks

Objective: To develop a model for prediction of small-for-gestational age (SGA) neonates in the absence of preeclampsia (PE) based on maternal factors and biophysical and biochemical markers at 11–13 weeks’ gestation. Methods: Screening study in 1,536 SGA and 31,314 non-SGA pregnancies based on maternal characteristics, fetal nuchal translucency (NT) thickness, serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and free β-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG). We also measured mean arterial pressure (MAP), uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) and performed case-control studies for measurement of maternal serum concentration of placental growth factor (PLGF), placental protein 13 (PP13) and A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease (ADAM12). Regression analysis was used to develop a model for the prediction of SGA. Results: In the SGA group, uterine artery PI and MAP were increased and serum PAPP-A, free β-hCG, PLGF, PP13, and ADAM12 and fetal NT were decreased. At a false positive rate of 10%, the estimated detection rate by a combination of maternal factors and biophysical and biochemical markers at 11–13 weeks was 73% for SGA requiring delivery before 37 weeks and 46% for those delivering at term. Conclusions: Half of pregnancies with SGA neonates in the absence of PE could potentially be identified at 11–13 weeks.
Predator discrimination and ‘personality’ in captive Vancouver Island marmots (Marmota vancouverensis)

A major impediment to recovering declining populations successfully is the mortality of reintroduced or translocated animals. We generally assume that captive‐born animals may lose their antipredator behaviour abilities in captivity, but studies rarely compare predator recognition abilities of captive‐born and wild‐captured animals to test this. To identify whether predator discrimination abilities of the critically endangered Vancouver Island marmots Marmota vancouverensis were lost in captivity, we presented wild‐captured and captive‐born marmots with taxidermic mounts of predators (a cougar Felis concolor and wolf Canis lupus) together with control stimuli (marmot, domestic goat Capra aegagrus, the cart on which all stimuli were presented and a ‘blank’ no‐stimulus control). Regardless of specific predator discrimination abilities, for some species overall ‘personality’ may be associated with response to predators and subsequent survival. Thus, to quantify overall reactivity in the presence of a predator, we also conducted a mirror‐image stimulus (MIS) presentation experiment where marmots were video‐recorded with or without the presence of a wolf. Marmots discriminated among these stimuli, responding the most to the wolf and cougar. The MIS results suggest that marmots varied along a continuum of reactivity. The amount of reactivity was unaffected by the presence of a wolf, and was correlated with our highest level of responsiveness (vigilance at the burrow and time within the burrow) to the wolf. Taken together, we conclude that marmots differentiate predators from non‐predators and that this ability has not been lost under the conditions in which they have been reared.
Identifying Personality Subtypes Based on the Five-Factor Model Dimensions in Male Prisoners

The current study was designed to identify personality subtypes on the basis of the five-factor model dimensions in male prisoners. Participants included 110 Flemish male prisoners assessed by means of the Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness Five Factor Inventory and different symptom, personality, and coping measures. We found two clusters: an emotionally stable/resilient cluster and an aggressive/undercontrolled cluster. Prisoners within the aggressive/undercontrolled cluster scored significantly higher on almost all Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2 basic scales, (in)direct aggression measures, and depressive coping scales compared with resilients. They also scored higher on drug abuse and committed more sexual offenses than resilient prisoners. These two personality subtypes bear theoretically and practically important implications for psychopathy subtypes and different pathways to criminal offenses.
Mitochondrial Division Inhibitor 1 Attenuates Mitophagy in a Rat Model of Acute Lung Injury

The regulation of intracellular mitochondria degradation is mediated by mitophagy. While studies have shown that mitophagy can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and cell damage, the role of Mdivi-1 and mitophagy remains unclear in acute lung injury (ALI) pathogenesis. In this study, we demonstrated that Mdivi-1, which is widely used as an inhibitor of mitophagy, ameliorated acute lung injury assessed by HE staining, pulmonary microvascular permeability assay, measurement of wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio, and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) analysis. Then, the mitophagy related proteins were evaluated by western blot. The results indicated that LPS-induced activation of mitophagy was inhibited by Mdivi-1 treatment. In addition, we found that Mdivi-1 protected A549 cells against LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. We also found that Mdivi-1 reduced pulmonary cell apoptosis in the LPS-challenged rats and protected pulmonary tissues from oxidative stress (represented by the content of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and lipid peroxides in lung). Moreover, Mdivi-1 treatment ameliorated LPS-induced lung inflammatory response and cells recruitment. These findings indicate that Mdivi-1 mitigates LPS-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in ALI, which may be associated with mitophagy inhibition. Thus, the inhibition of mitophagy may represent a potential therapy for treating ALI.
Social Media in Organizations: Leveraging Personal and Collective Knowledge Processes

By using social media, many companies try to exploit new forms of interaction, collaboration, and knowledge sharing through leveraging the social, collaborative dimension of social software. The traditional collective knowledge management model based on a top-down approach is now opening up new avenues for a bottom-up approach incorporating a more personal knowledge management dimension, which could be synergized into collective knowledge using the social-collaborative dimension of social media. This article addresses the following questions: (1) How can social media support the management of personal and collective knowledge using a synergetic approach? (2) Do the personal and collective dimensions compete with each other, or can they reinforce each other in a more effective manner using social media? Our findings indicate that social media supports both the personal and collective dimensions of knowledge, while integrating a social collaborative dimension. The article introduces a framework that classifies social software into four categories according to the level of interaction and control. With certain tools, individuals are more in control. With other tools, the group is in control, resulting in a higher level of interaction and a diversity of knowledge and mindsets brought together. However, deploying and adopting these new tools in an organizational context is still a challenging task for management, owing to both organizational and individual factors.
Endogenous retrovirus drives hitherto unknown proapoptotic p63 isoforms in the male germ line of humans and great apes

TAp63, but not its homolog p53, eliminates oocytes that suffered DNA damage. An equivalent gene for guarding the male germ line is currently not known. Here we identify hitherto unknown human p63 transcripts with unique 5′-ends derived from incorporated exons upstream of the currently mapped TP63 gene. These unique p63 transcripts are highly and specifically expressed in testis. Their most upstream region corresponds to a LTR of the human endogenous retrovirus 9 (ERV9). The insertion of this LTR upstream of the TP63 locus occurred only recently in evolution and is unique to humans and great apes (Hominidae). A corresponding p63 protein is the sole p63 species in healthy human testis, and is strongly expressed in spermatogenic precursors but not in mature spermatozoa. In response to DNA damage, this human male germ-cell–encoded TAp63 protein (designated GTAp63) is activated by caspase cleavage near its carboxyterminal domain and induces apoptosis. Human testicular cancer tissues and cell lines largely lost p63 expression. However, pharmacological inhibition of histone deacetylases completely restores p63 expression in testicular cancer cells (>3,000-fold increase). Our data support a model whereby testis-specific GTAp63 protects the genomic integrity of the male germ line and acts as a tumor suppressor. In Hominidae, this guardian function was greatly enhanced by integration of an endogenous retrovirus upstream of the TP63 locus that occurred 15 million years ago. By providing increased germ-line stability, this event may have contributed to the evolution of hominids and enabled their long reproductive periods.
A preliminary study of multiple college admission criteria in Taiwan: the relationship among motivation, standardized tests, high school achievements, and college success

ABSTRACT A new college admission policy will be implemented in Taiwan in 2022. The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between admission criteria and college success. Data was obtained from the Taiwan Higher Education Database; a sample size of 8443 students from 156 universities was used in this study. By using the structural equation model, this study tested a research model that included factors such as motivation, standardized test scores, high school achievements, and college success. The findings revealed that the General Scholastic Ability Test scores (in Chinese, English, Social Studies) and high school average academic grades are significantly associated with college success. A student’s motivation to complete a certain major can significantly predict the quality of student effort and influence college success. These findings highlight the importance of some admission criteria and provide practical implications for educational policy-makers, school administrators, students, and parents.
Rituximab for sight-threatening refractory pediatric Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease

Rituximab was trialed in a refractory Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease (VKH). A 10-year-old girl with panuveitis recalcitrant to treatment, including corticosteroids, was diagnosed with VKH 20 months later. Following rituximab at 0, 1, 6, and 18 months, response was favorable after the second dose, usual life activity resumed after the third dose (uveitis was inactivated and vision improved), and eyes stabilized 9 months after the fourth dose. Rituximab is effective in the treatment and long-term control of advanced, pediatric VKH.
Effect of season and age on the ovarian size and activity of one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius)

In this project, ovarian size and activity during the peak (November-April) and the low (May-October) breeding seasons in young and adult camels were studied. Ovaries of 92 camels (Camelus dromedarius), with clinically normal reproductive tracts, aged 3-15 years and slaughtered at Faisalabad or Lahore abattoirs over a period of 24 months, were collected. Jugular blood was collected from each animal before slaughter; the serum was separated and analyzed for oestradiol concentration. The size (length, width and thickness) and weight of each ovary were measured. Grossly observable Graafian follicles were counted and their diameter was measured using Vernier Calipers. The camels having ovaries presenting follicles more than 5 mm in diameter were taken as having active ovaries. The results showed that ovarian length, width and weight were significantly higher (p<0.05) during the peak than the low breeding season. The percentage of active ovaries was also significantly higher (p<0.01) during the peak than the low breeding season. However, the effect of season on ovarian thickness was non-significant. Similarly, the ovarian length, width, thickness, weight and activity did not vary significantly between young (3-7 years old) and adult (8-15 years old) animals. Serum oestradiol concentrations were significantly higher (p<0.05) during the peak (67.70±1.36 pg/ml) than the low breeding season (15.25±1.54 pg/ml). It was concluded that in Pakistani camels ovarian size and activity were higher during the peak than the low breeding season. However, age of the camel (from 3 to 15 years) had no effect on these parameters.