Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Secure Transmission With Multiple Antennas I: The MISOME Wiretap Channel

The role of multiple antennas for secure communication is investigated within the framework of Wyner's wiretap channel. We characterize the secrecy capacity in terms of generalized eigenvalues when the sender and eavesdropper have multiple antennas, the intended receiver has a single antenna, and the channel matrices are fixed and known to all the terminals, and show that a beamforming strategy is capacity-achieving. In addition, we study a masked beamforming scheme that radiates power isotropically in all directions and show that it attains near-optimal performance in the high SNR regime. Insights into the scaling behavior of the capacity in the large antenna regime as well as extensions to ergodic fading channels are also provided.
Near-Normal Values of Extravascular Lung Water in Children

Objectives: To define near-normal values of extravascular lung water indexed to body weight in children. Design: Prospective multicenter observational study. Setting: Medical/surgical PICUs of 5 multinational hospitals. Patients: Fifty-eight children with a median age of 4 years (range 1 month to 17 year) with heterogeneous PICU admission diagnoses were included. Extravascular lung water measurements from these children were collected after resolution of their illness. Obtained values were indexed to actual body weight and height and subsequently related to age. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Extravascular lung water indexed to body weight correlated with age (r2 = 0.7) and could be categorized in three-age groups consisting of significantly different median extravascular lung water indexed to body weight values (5th–95th percentile): less than 1 year, 9–29 mL/kg; 1–5 years, 7–25 mL/kg; and 5–17 years, 5–13 mL/kg. Extravascular lung water indexed to height did not correlate to age and resulted in an age-independent near-normal value of less than 315 mL/m. Conclusions: Younger children have higher values of extravascular lung water indexed to actual body weight. Age categorized near-normal values of extravascular lung water indexed to body weight are presented for possible clinical use. Furthermore, we suggest to index extravascular lung water to height, which seems to be age independent.
High Postoperative Blood Levels of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Are Associated with Less Organ Dysfunction in Patients after Cardiac Surgery

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an inflammatory cytokine that exerts protective effects during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. We hypothesized that elevated MIF levels in the early postoperative time course might be inversely associated with postoperative organ dysfunction as assessed by the simplified acute physiology score (SAPS) II and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score in patients after cardiac surgery. A total of 52 cardiac surgical patients (mean age [± SD] 67 ± 10 years; EuroScore: 7 [2–11]) were enrolled in this monocenter, prospective observational study. Serum levels of MIF and clinical data were obtained after induction of anesthesia, at admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), 4 h after admission and at the first and second postoperative day. To characterize the magnitude of MIF release, we compared blood levels of samples from cardiac surgical patients with those obtained from healthy volunteers. We assessed patient outcomes using the SAPS II at postoperative d 1 and SOFA score for the first 3 d of the eventual ICU stay. Compared to healthy volunteers, patients had already exhibited elevated MIF levels prior to surgery (64 ± 50 versus 13 ± 17 ng/mL; p < 0.05). At admission to the ICU, MIF levels reached peak values (107 ± 95 ng/mL; p < 0.01 versus baseline) that decreased throughout the observation period and had already reached preoperative values 4 h later. Postoperative MIF values were inversely correlated with SAPS II and SOFA scores during the early postoperative stay. Moreover, MIF values on postoperative d 1 were related to the calculated cardiac power index (r = 0.420, p < 0.05). Elevated postoperative MIF levels are inversely correlated with organ dysfunction in patients after cardiac surgery.
Validity and reliability of The Johns Hopkins Adapted Cognitive Exam for critically ill patients*

Objective:To validate The Johns Hopkins Adapted Cognitive Exam designed to assess and quantify cognition in critically ill patients. Design:Prospective cohort study. Setting:Neurosciences, surgical, and medical intensive care units at The Johns Hopkins Hospital. Patients:One hundred six adult critically ill patients. Interventions:One expert neurologic assessment and four measurements of the Adapted Cognitive Exam (all patients). Four measurements of the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination in nonintubated patients only. Adapted Cognitive Exam and Mini-Mental State Examination were performed by 76 different raters. Measurements and Main Results:One hundred six patients were assessed, 46 intubated and 60 nonintubated, resulting in 424 Adapted Cognitive Exam and 240 Mini-Mental State Examination measurements. Criterion validity was assessed by comparing Adapted Cognitive Exam with a neurointensivist's assessment of cognitive status (&rgr; = 0.83, p < .001). Ordinal logistic regression established optimal predicted cut points for cognitive status classification (⩽28 = severely impaired, 29–55 = moderately impaired, ≥56 = mildly impaired or normal). Using these cut points, the Adapted Cognitive Exam appropriately classified cognitive status 90% of the time. Construct validity was assessed by comparing Adapted Cognitive Exam with Mini-Mental State Examination in nonintubated patients (&rgr; = 0.81, p < .001). Face validity was assessed by surveying raters who used both the Adapted Cognitive Exam and Mini-Mental State Examination and indicated the Adapted Cognitive Exam was an accurate reflection of the patient's cognitive status, more sensitive a marker of cognition than the Mini-Mental State Examination, and easy to use. The Adapted Cognitive Exam demonstrated excellent interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.997; 95% confidence interval 0.997–0.998) and interitem reliability of each of the five subscales of the Adapted Cognitive Exam and Mini-Mental State Examination (Cronbach's &agr;: range for Adapted Cognitive Exam = 0.83–0.88; range for Mini-Mental State Examination = 0.72–0.81). Conclusion:The Adapted Cognitive Exam is the first valid and reliable examination for the assessment and quantification of cognition in critically ill patients. It provides a useful, objective tool that can be used by any member of the interdisciplinary critical care team to support clinical assessment and research efforts.
Hypophosphatemia as a prognostic value in acute exacerbation of COPD

Phosphorus (P) is an essential element in all living cells, it is extremely important in the process of production of adenosine triphosphate, main element in the structure of nucleic acids. Low levels of phosphorus in blood is very rare, however, it may be caused by unbalance between components participating in phosphorus cycle and affect performances of several systems. A low level of phosphorus in the blood increases the exacerbation and the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and requires prolonged ventilation process.
Monitoring of atmospheric changes related to sun-earth interactions

Our upper atmosphere is affected by solar forcing, whose main sources are the ionizing radiation and space weather. The solar ionizing radiation changes in association with the 11-year solar cycle, 27-day rotation and solar flares. VLF soundings have confirmed the solar Lyman-alpha as responsible through the formation and maintenance of the ionized layer of our atmosphere, the ionosphere, which shows variations in close association with the 11-year solar cycle. Excess of X-ray radiation produced during the solar flares, when the solar radiation can increase in order of magnitude, strongly disturbs the lower ionosphere. Ionosphere studies using VLF technique have identified that even very weak solar flares (B2 as X-ray classification from GOES satellite) can be enough to affect the ionosphere during the minimum of solar activity, but this limit increases as the Sun becomes more active. The ionosphere is also affected by forcing coming from the lower-lying atmospheric layers. The influence of the planetary waves of neutral atmosphere origin has been observed, and it is dominant during the local wintertime. The studies have shown the influence of the Sun-earth interaction in the chemistry and dynamics of our atmosphere, and also the exchange of energy between the different atmospheric layers, which might affect the terrestrial and marine environment, especially in the polar region.
Knowledge Management for the Entrepreneurial Venture

We synthesize research from operations management, entrepreneurship, organizational science, and strategy to investigate the performance‐enhancing benefits of knowledge management activities throughout the entrepreneurial process of a high‐tech venture from idea conception to commercialization. We adopt a dynamic learning perspective of entrepreneurship to understand how knowledge management activities change throughout four phases of the venture's life cycle. We introduce a framework that identifies a set of knowledge‐based capabilities that enhance the entrepreneurial venture's success. In the context of the first phase, we discuss knowledge as a key driver of entrepreneurial alertness and creativity, both of which impact the quality and quantity of opportunities and innovations discovered. Second, we describe how knowledge enables the entrepreneur to make decisions under uncertainty such as determining which opportunity to pursue. For Phase 3 of the life cycle, we explore the challenges of managing knowledge during the development of the product or technology including the trade‐off between exploration and exploitation. In the final phase, we explore how knowledge impacts the market entry decision, survival, and the value captured at commercialization. We conclude the article with suggestions for future research.
Power quality improvement of brushless permanent magnet and non-permanent magnet machines using DSTACOM

In power distribution system, distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) is used to improve quality of power delivered. This paper presents the application of DSTATCOM for brushless motor drives to enhance power quality in the system. In general, Non- linear loads like motor drives induces non-identical terminal voltage at point of common coupling and source currents. The models presented in this paper are modeled having less DC link voltage rating still not affecting the ability of compensation when non-linear loads like brushless drives are connected to the network. Simulation studies are carried out using matlab/simulink and the results shown proves the performance of the system when non-linear loads are connected.
Burnout: 35 years of research and practice

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on the career of the burnout concept itself, rather than reviewing research findings on burnout.Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents an overview of the concept of burnout.Findings – The roots of the burnout concept seem to be embedded within broad social, economic, and cultural developments that took place in the last quarter of the past century and signify the rapid and profound transformation from an industrial society into a service economy. This social transformation goes along with psychological pressures that may translate into burnout. After the turn of the century, burnout is increasingly considered as an erosion of a positive psychological state. Although burnout seems to be a global phenomenon, the meaning of the concept differs between countries. For instance, in some countries burnout is used as a medical diagnosis, whereas in other countries it is a non‐medical, socially accepted label that carries a minimum stigma in terms of a psyc.
Performance management from multiple perspectives: taking stock

This paper summarises key conclusions from a multidisciplinary review of the state of the art of research into organisational performance management (PM). It is a 'Reflective practice' paper concluding a Special Issue edited by Holloway and also locates the contributions from a selection of management disciplines in the wider context of cross-disciplinary work in the field. It describes barriers to knowledge transfer and tensions and gaps in PM research, plus evidence of benefits of working with practitioners to enhance PM practice.
Modeling and constant power operation of photovoltaic (PV) module employing PSO

In photovoltaic power system, both photovoltaic (PV) module and switch-mode converters show non-linear and time variant characteristics which make it difficult to be analyzed and controlled. In this paper a 50W photovoltaic module is investigated for its design and control characteristics. The operating characteristic is studied and PV model parameter estimation is carried out using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique. The unknown parameters like series resistance, shunt resistance and reverse saturation current are estimated using PSO that do not involve assumptions. At the same time the operating range estimation of power converter is also suggested using PSO. The performance analysis of this estimated parameter based model is presented for constant power operation by applying suitable control technique to a boost converter. The results from identified parameter based module are obtained and plotted for varying insolation conditions between 20 % and 100 % for validation.
Arithmetic Circuits: A Chasm at Depth Four

We show that proving exponential lower bounds on depth four arithmetic circuits imply exponential lower bounds for unrestricted depth arithmetic circuits. In other words, for exponential sized circuits additional depth beyond four does not help. We then show that a complete black-box derandomization of identity testing problem for depth four circuits with multiplication gates of small fanin implies a nearly complete derandomization of general identity testing.
Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD): the TRIPOD statement

Prediction models are developed to aid health care providers in estimating the probability or risk that a specific disease or condition is present (diagnostic models) or that a specific event will occur in the future (prognostic models), to inform their decision making. However, the overwhelming evidence shows that the quality of reporting of prediction model studies is poor. Only with full and clear reporting of information on all aspects of a prediction model can risk of bias and potential usefulness of prediction models be adequately assessed. The Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) Initiative developed a set of recommendations for the reporting of studies developing, validating, or updating a prediction model, whether for diagnostic or prognostic purposes. This article describes how the TRIPOD Statement was developed. An extensive list of items based on a review of the literature was created, which was reduced after a Web based survey and revised during a three day meeting in June 2011 with methodologists, health care professionals, and journal editors. The list was refined during several meetings of the steering group and in e-mail discussions with the wider group of TRIPOD contributors. The resulting TRIPOD Statement is a checklist of 22 items, deemed essential for transparent reporting of a prediction model study. The TRIPOD Statement aims to improve the transparency of the reporting of a prediction model study regardless of the study methods used. The TRIPOD Statement is best used in conjunction with the TRIPOD explanation and elaboration document. To aid the editorial process and readers of prediction model studies, it is recommended that authors include a completed checklist in their submission (also available at www.tripod-statement.org). To encourage dissemination of the TRIPOD Statement, this article is freely accessible on the Annals of Internal Medicine Web site (www.annals.org) and will be also published in BJOG, British Journal of Cancer, British Journal of Surgery, BMC Medicine, The BMJ, Circulation, Diabetic Medicine, European Journal of Clinical Investigation, European Urology, and Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. The authors jointly hold the copyright of this article. An accompanying explanation and elaboration article is freely available only on www.annals. org; Annals of Internal Medicine holds copyright for that article.
Fractional-slot concentrated-winding axial-flux permanent-magnet machine with tooth-wound coils

This paper presents the design, the finite element analysis validation of a double-stator single-rotor fractional-slot concentrated-winding axial-flux permanent magnet machine with tooth-wound coils. In this particular topology, the flux travels axially through the permanent magnets, from one stator to the opposite, so that there is no need for any rotor back-iron. In order to guarantee sufficient mechanical stiffness of the rotor, the support of the permanent magnets is made of stainless steel. Three different variants of this support are proposed, with the aim of minimizing the induced losses therein. Machine performances both at no load and at rated load are analyzed by using time-stepped 2D FEA and losses in the rotor are compared for the different support variants. A full scale prototype has been built and preliminary experimental results are given.
A logical framework for reasoning about access control models

The increased awareness of the importance of data protection has made access control a relevant component of current data management systems. Moreover, emerging applications and data models call for flexible and expressive access control models. This has led to an extensive research activity that has resulted in the definition of a variety of access control models that differ greatly with respect to the access control policies they support. Thus, the need arises for developing tools for reasoning about the characteristics of these models. These tools should support users in the tasks of model specification, analysis of model properties, and authorization management. For example, they must be able to identify inconsistencies in the model specification and must support the administrator in comparing the expressive power of different models. In this paper, we make a first step in this direction by proposing a formal framework for reasoning about access control models. The framework we propose is based on a logical formalism and is general enough to model discretionary, mandatory, and role-based access control models. Each instance of the proposed framework corresponds to a C-Datalog program, interpreted according to a stable model semantics. In the paper, besides giving the syntax and the formal semantics of our framework, we show some examples of its application. Additionally, we present a number of dimensions along which access control models can be analyzed and compared. For each dimension, we show decidability results and we present some examples of its application.
TRANSACTION ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING 1 Coherence Approach to Logic Program

| We present a new approach to the problem of revising extended programs, based on the coherence theory initially advocated by Gardenfors for belief revision. Our approach resolves contradiction by removing only connict-ing information, not the believed source of it, and therefore , keeps information loss minimal. Furthermore, since there is no need of searching for problematic assumptions, as is done in the traditional assumption-removal approach, our approach provides a skeptical revision semantics that is tractable. We deene the skeptical and credulous coherence semantics and show that both semantics can be characterized in terms of the xpoint semantics of a revised program using a simple program revision technique. These semantics provide a suitable framework for knowledge and belief revision in the context of logic programs. Semantical properties and advantages of the proposed revision semantics are also analyzed.
Smart distribution system operations with price-responsive and controllable loads

This paper presents a new modeling framework for analysis of impact and scheduling of price-responsive as well as controllable loads in a three-phase unbalanced distribution system. The price-responsive loads are assumed to be linearly or exponentially dependent on price, i.e., demand reduces as price increases and vice versa. The effect of such uncontrolled price-responsive loads on the distribution feeder is studied as customers seek to reduce their energy cost. Secondly, a novel constant energy load model, which is controllable by the local distribution company (LDC), is proposed in this paper. A controllable load is one that can be scheduled by the LDC through remote signals, demand response programs, or customer-end home energy management systems. Minimization of cost of energy drawn by LDC, feeder losses, and customers cost pertaining to the controllable component of the load are considered as objectives from the LDCs and customers' perspective. The effect of a peak demand constraint on the controllability of the load is further examined. The proposed models are tested on two feeders: 1) the IEEE 13-node test feeder; and 2) a practical LDC feeder system. Detailed studies examine the operational aspects of price-responsive and controllable loads on the overall system. It is observed that the LDC controlled load model results in a more uniform system load profile, and that with a reduction in the peak demand cap, the energy drawn decreases, consequently reducing feeder losses and LDC's and customers' costs.
A fast and low-cost testing technique for core-based system-chips

This paper proposes a new methodology for testing a core-based system chip, targeting the simultaneous reduction of test area overhead and test application time. At the core level, testability and transparency can be achieved by the core provider by reusing existing logic inside the core, providing different versions of the core having different area overheads and transparency latencies. The technique analyzes the topology of the system-chip to select the core versions that best meet the user's desired test area overhead and test application time objectives. Application of the method to example system-chips demonstrates the ability to design highly testable system-chips with minimized test area overhead, minimized test application time, or a desired tradeoff between the two. Significant reduction in area overhead and test application time compared to existing system chip testing techniques is also demonstrated.