Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coexpression of UmuD' with UmuC suppresses the UV mutagenesis deficiency of groE mutants

The GroE proteins of Escherichia coli are heat shock proteins which have also been shown to be molecular chaperone proteins. Our previous work has shown that the GroE proteins of E. coli are required for UV mutagenesis. This process requires the umuDC genes which are regulated by the SOS regulon. As part of the UV mutagenesis pathway, the product of the umuD gene, UmuD, is posttranslationally cleaved to yield the active form, UmuD'. In order to investigate what role the groE gene products play in UV mutagenesis, we measured UV mutagenesis in groE+ and groE strains which were expressing either the umuDC or umuD'C genes. We found that expression of umuD' instead of umuD will suppress the nonmutability conferred by the groE mutations. However, cleavage of UmuD to UmuD' is unaffected by mutations at the groE locus. Instead we found that the presence of UmuD' increased the stability of UmuC in groE strains. In addition, we obtained evidence which indicates that GroEL interacts directly with UmuC.
The distribution of the desmosomal protein, plakophilin 1, in human skin and skin tumors.

Desmosomes are predominant among the types of plaque-bearing adhering junctions found in human skin. These structures contain a set of desmosomal cadherins and cytoplasmic plaque proteins, the synthesis of which is differentiation dependent. As plakophilin 1, a member of the armadillo gene family, is an important accessory desmosomal plaque protein, we raised several monoclonal antibodies specific for this protein and applied immunohistochemical and immunoblotting procedures to study the distribution of plakophilin 1 in desmosomes in adult and fetal skin, psoriatic epidermis, various epithelial skin tumors, and keratinocyte sheets grown in culture. In epidermis, the spinous layers were prominently immunostained by plakophilin 1 antibodies, whereas the basal cell layer was only weakly stained and the stratum corneum was entirely unstained. The staining observed in psoriatic epidermis was somewhat heterogeneous. In hair follicles, the outer root sheath (ORS) was delineated in its suprabasal cell layers, with variable staining in its upper and lower parts. All basal cells of the ORS remained unstained, as did upper inner root sheath (IRS) and matrix cells of lower bulb. In eccrine sweat glands, the reaction was confined to inner dermal ductal cells, with the acini remaining unstained. The desmosomal immunostaining observed in basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) was very heterogeneous: In general, junctions in well-differentiated stratified tumor regions were more intensely stained than sections of poorly differentiated and invasively growing BCCs and SCCs. Plakophilin 1 was also prominent in the desmosomes of keratinocyte sheets grown in culture. The cell type-specific, i.e., differentiation-dependent, distribution of desmosomal plakophilin 1 is discussed in relation both to the stratification of the cutaneous epithelia and to tumor differentiation and growth.
Kaposi ’ s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus ORF 57 Interacts with Cellular RNA Export Cofactors RBM 15 and OTT 3 To Promote Expression of Viral ORF 59 †

Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus ORF57 Interacts with Cellular RNA Export Cofactors RBM15 and OTT3 To Promote Expression of Viral ORF59 † Vladimir Majerciak, Hiroaki Uranishi, Michael Kruhlak, Guy R. Pilkington, Maria Julia Massimelli, Jenifer Bear, George N. Pavlakis, Barbara K. Felber, and Zhi-Ming Zheng* Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Human Retrovirus Section and Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, and Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
Regulation of membrane traffic by phosphoinositide 3-kinases

Phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinases control essential cellular functions such as cytoskeletal dynamics, signal transduction and membrane trafficking. FYVE, PX and PH domains mediate the binding of effector proteins to the lipid products of PI 3-kinases. Recent studies have provided significant insights into the roles of PI 3-kinases, their catalytic products and their downstream effectors in membrane trafficking. Class I and II PI 3-kinases trigger receptor-induced trafficking processes, such as phagocytosis, macropinocytosis and regulated exocytosis. Class I PI 3-kinases also function to inhibit autophagy. By contrast, class III PI 3-kinases mainly mediate receptor-independent trafficking events, which mostly are related to endocytic membrane traffic, phagosome maturation and autophagy.
Private Sector Spillovers in Chinese Manufacturing

A firm? s type of owner is an important institutional variable in comparative research on countries with emerging markets. A central theme in this research is the importance of the private sector as a source of greater innovation and productivity. Here we examine the uniqueness of the private sector, compared with state and foreign owned firms, for product innovation in Chinese manufacturing firms from 1998 to 2007. We first speculate that private sector firms, which have no formal ties within a bureaucracy, will have a higher percentage of weak ties in local search and therefore benefit more from regional agglomeration economies. Second, we test a central issue in the debate about the effects of private sector growth: specifically, do large private firms exhibit hegemonic behavior by dampening regional innovation within the private sector itself or act as innovation hubs by supporting it? Third, we argue, consistent with observations of small firm networks in other countries, that small firm agglomeration has a positive effect on innovation within the private sector. Last, we split the private sector into privatized firms and entrants and test whether privatized firms, because of the imprinting of prior state ownership, are more similar to state-owned firms than entrants, both in their agglomeration effects and in their receptivity to spillovers. We discuss the implications of these findings for research on emerging markets.
THE DYNAMICS OF NICHE EVOLUTION UPON ABRUPT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE

Abrupt environmental changes are of particular interest to understand how species can quickly evolve at the boundary of their current niche. In particular the “sliding niche” model, wherein a niche shifts globally toward the new condition, has been used in understanding and modeling this process. Here, we investigate the dynamics of relative fitness change in four evolutionary replicates of Escherichia coli populations exposed to an extreme pH shift. We analyzed these changes at generations 500, 1000, and 2000 to determine whether niche global deformations fully capture the temporal dynamics of niche evolution. Strikingly, this analysis reveals that fitness variations can indeed be attributed to simple and global deformation of an underlying simple niche template. Analysis from two experimental replicates displays a transient increase in niche width, consistent with recent theory considering plasticity evolution in the context of an abrupt environmental change. We term this scenario the “sidestep niche model. ”
Recognition for Sustained Corporate Social Responsibility: Female Directors Make a Difference

This study examines a sample of 341 corporations that were ranked in the Fortune 500 in all seven years from 2006 through 2012. We compiled data from multiple corporate recognition lists including the following: the Most Admired Companies, the Most Ethical Companies, the Best Companies to Work for, and the Best Corporate Citizens. Our findings indicate that the higher the percent of women on a company’s board of directors, the more likely the company was to appear on these lists. We also found that the average percent of women directors for the listed companies was significantly higher than the average percent of women directors for the companies that did not appear on any of these lists over the period from 2006 through 2012.
On the Imbalance of Inventories in Multi-Echelon Systems

A central depot periodically orders or produces new stock and withdraws inventory in order to allocate it among several demand points, each experiencing random demands over a finite planning horizon. This system gives rise to a dynamic program with a state space of very large dimension. We determine a near-optimal allocation policy and construct a tractable, approximate dynamic program to help determine good orders and withdrawals. This is done by exploring the effects of a measure of the imbalance of inventories at the demand points. Numerical results are included.
Pattern of urological malignancies seen at Federal Medical Centre Gombe North Eastern Nigeria.

BACKGROUND The incidence of urological malignancies is on the increase globally like most other malignant tumours. There is generally poor documentation of urological malignancies in Nigeria attested to by the paucity of literature on this subject matter. This study was carried out to document the pattern and distribution of urological malignancies seen at Federal Medical Centre, Gombe, North Eastern Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of all pathologically proven urological malignancies seen at this centre from January 2000 to December 2007. All records of patients with the diagnosis of urological malignancies were retrieved from the histopathology registers, operation registers and patients' case notes. The patients' biodata including their ages, sex and tumour site were extracted and analysed. RESULTS A total of 118 cases of urological malignancies were recorded during the 8 years under review. Ninety-nine (83.9%) ocurred in males while the remaining 19 (16.1%) were in females giving a male: female ratio of 5:1. Children comprised of nine 9 (7.6%) and adults 109 (92.4%) of the population. The organ specific frequency of occurrence of the tumour in descending order comprised of prostate 63 (53.4%) bladder 33 (28.0%), kidney 17 (14.4%), testes 3 (2.5.%) penis 2 (1.7%) ureter and urethra (0%). CONCLUSION We concluded that prostate, urinary bladder and renal carcinomas are the three most common urological malignancies in North Eastern Nigeria.
Cardiac hypertrophy induced by active Raf depends on Yorkie-mediated transcription

Proteins in the Hippo pathway regulate Raf-mediated cardiac hypertrophy in flies. Growing fly hearts Organ size arises from both the number of cells and the size of the cells in the organ. The Hippo-Yorkie pathway regulates the growth of many organs, including the heart. In mice, expression of activated Yorkie orthologs promotes cardiac hyperplasia. Moreover, some patients with Noonan syndrome, which is associated with enlarged hearts, have activating mutations in Raf, which is a kinase involved in stimulating cell proliferation or an increase in cell size. Yu et al. examined the mechanism by which activated Raf promotes cardiac hypertrophy in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Knockdown of Yorkie inhibited hypertrophy induced by Raf. In contrast to mice, expression of activated Yorkie in the fly induced cardiac hypertrophy, but not hyperplasia, which was inhibited by knockdown of the Yorkie-associated transcription factor Scalloped. Overexpression of the Scalloped-associated corepressor Tgi inhibited hypertrophy induced by activated Raf or activated Yorkie and inhibited the ability of Raf and Yorkie to stimulate Scalloped-dependent transcription in cultured cells. These results lead to the question of whether Raf can also stimulate Yorkie in cardiac hypertrophy by promoting cell growth rather than proliferation in mammals. Organ hypertrophy can result from enlargement of individual cells or from cell proliferation or both. Activating mutations in the serine-threonine kinase Raf cause cardiac hypertrophy and contribute to Noonan syndrome in humans. Cardiac-specific expression of activated Raf also causes hypertrophy in Drosophila melanogaster. We found that Yorkie (Yki), a transcriptional coactivator in the Hippo pathway that regulates organ size, is required for Raf-induced cardiac hypertrophy in flies. Although aberrant activation of Yki orthologs stimulates cardiac hyperplasia in mice, cardiac-specific expression of an activated mutant form of Yki in fruit flies caused cardiac hypertrophy without hyperplasia. Knockdown of Yki caused cardiac dilation without loss of cardiomyocytes and prevented Raf-induced cardiac hypertrophy. In flies, Yki-induced cardiac hypertrophy required the TEA domain–containing transcription factor Scalloped, and, in mammalian cells, expression of mouse RafL613V, an activated form of Raf with a Noonan syndrome mutation, increased Yki-induced Scalloped activity. Furthermore, overexpression of Tgi (a Tondu domain–containing Scalloped-binding corepressor) in the fly heart abrogated Yki- or Raf-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Thus, crosstalk between Raf and Yki occurs in the heart and can influence Raf-mediated cardiac hypertrophy.
Sludge Liming Decreases the Growth of Keratinolytic and Keratinophilic Fungi

Due to the content of pathogenic organisms, including fungi, sewage sludge land application poses risks to both human health and the environment. One of the ways for reducing pathogens in sludge is liming. This study aims to determine the effect of sludge liming on the composition of keratinolytic and keratinophilic fungi in model experiments. The fungi were examined using the hair baiting method and the dilution method with incubation on a Wiegand medium supplemented with chloramphenicol (100 mg/L) and actidione (500 mg/L). The sludge liming considerably decreased the number of actidione-resistant fungi propagules and eliminated many fungal species, including Pseudallescheria boydii. The influence of this process on hair-baited fungi was that the liming eliminated keratinolytic and keratinophilic fungi at 37oC. In the range of 23-33oC, the liming considerably restricted the growth of keratinolytic fungi, including Microsporum gypseum, but only slightly affected keratinophilic fungi, including Pseudallescheria boydii. The sludge liming decreases the risk posed by geophilic dermatophytes and other keratinolytic fungi, as well as by keratinophilic fungi to humans and the environment. The process affected more keratinolytic fungi than keratinophilic ones.
Hepatitis C screening

In a CMAJ news article, Fralick[1][1] reports that it is unclear how Canadian hepatologists, who can barely manage their current caseloads, will be able to meet the inevitable increased demand for care created by wider screening. Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) was
Integrating diverse ERP systems: a case study

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) went through many development cycles since its beginning in the 1970s until it established itself as a backbone of most major enterprises in the world. In spite of its countless advantages, most ERP implementations require heavy customisation to achieve their proclaimed advantages. This paper represents an endeavour to investigate, through a case study, the feasibility of minimising the heavy customisation required by most ERP implementations by selecting the best modules from each vendor and integrating them using enterprise application integration technologies, to form one (integrated) system. In doing so, the paper provides a description of a way to implement a suggested integrated solution, as well as a discussion of how minimising customisation enables enterprises to upgrade their ERP software effortlessly and cost‐effectively.
Part-to-part and lot-to-lot variability study of TID effects in bipolar linear devices

Process-induced variability between parts and lots is a critical issue for space applications and Radiation Hardness Assurance (RHA). The one-sided tolerance limit method is commonly used to take this variability into account. This study explores the possibility to consider a more sophisticated statistical analysis. The impact of the current trend to reduce the number of tested parts for radiation lot acceptance tests is also studied.
Clinical, laboratory and molecular features in essential thrombocythemia

Essential thrombocyhtemia is a BCR-ABL negative mye loproliferative disorder (MPD) distinct from polycytemia vera and idiopathic myelofibrosis and c haracterized by persistent thrombocytosis, excessiv proliferation of megakariocytes in the bone marrow, norma l erythrocytic mass and the absence of prominent bo e marrow fibrosis. In the last few years new informat ion on pathogenesis of myeloproliferative disorders became available: the discovery of an acquired recurrent m olecular abnormality in the 14th exon of the JAK2V6 17F gene resulting in a substitution of valine for phen ylalanine at position 617 in the JAK2 protein (V617 ). We analyzed the recently identified JAK2V617F mutational st tus, the relevance of mutated allele burden for clinical presentation, thrombosis and hemorrhagic complicati ons.
A Study of Elastic Arteries in Irradiated Mice of Different Ages.∗

Summary Changes comparable to those of physiological aging were induced by x-radiation in the tunica media of elastic arteries of mice of different ages. In the elastic arteries of 20 to 30 days and 80 to 100 days old irradiated mice there were increased amounts of ground substance, increased numbers of interlamellar fibers, and premature raggedness and fraying of the elastic membranes. No changes attributable to irradiation were seen in the arteries of the old mice.
Platelet membrane receptors during short cardiopulmonary bypass - a flow cytometric study

To elucidate a mechanism of platelet dysfunction during extracorporeal circulation, we performed a study on the surface expression of platelet adhesive receptors (GPlb, GPIIb-IIIa) and activation markers (GMP140, GP53) during short cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Ten paediatric patients, age 6-13 years, with atrial or atrioventricular septal defects were studied. The mean CPB time was 52 min (21-110 min). During CPB, a significant drop in platelet count was observed, but not below 130 x 103/μl. The expression of platelet GPlb decreased slightly during CPB and the decrease was not significant. The decrease of GPIIb-IIIa was significant, but only in samples collected either at the end of CPB (89 ± 13%, p < 0.05) or before leaving the operating room (74 ± 14%, p < 0.05). The value of surface expression of platelet activation markers (GMP140, GP53) during CPB was in the range of values for resting platelets. Our results suggest that generalized CPB-induced defects of primary haemostasis are not directly connected to circulation of activated degranulated platelets or to loss of platelet adhesive receptors GPIb-IX and GPIIb-IIIa.
Debt in the Indian Corporate Sector: Its Effects on Firm Strategy and Performance

Indian firms are heavily leveraged. Unlike in the West, where debt ratios that are more than half of nominal equity capital values are considered to be high, in India high debt to equity ratios is the norm. In this paper, we study the consequences of the important role that debt plays in the capital structure of Indian corporate firms. We study the effects of debt structure on firm’s strategic behaviour, such as diversification, advertising and out-sourcing. We find that firms which rely on arm’s-length debt have better performance and are more likely to engage in advertising and diversification than firms which rely on borrowing from institutional lenders such as term-lending institutions. We argue that the public ownership of many institutional lenders may explain why they have not been able to monitor firms as effectively as arm’slength debt holders which are mostly in the private sector.
Radiation Exposure to Staff Using PET/CT Facility

Positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) has been playing key role in important clinical decision-making in many areas ever since its inception in the field of medical imaging. Most of the hospitals are enthusiastic for including PET/CT in their imaging services because of its increasing application particularly in oncology. However, the occupational workers are apprehensive about the risk of higher radiation exposure in a PET/CT facility even more than that in conventional nuclear medicine Gamma camera. There is a need therefore to make the staff aware of the radiation doses they may likely get while working using this facility. We have estimated the radiation exposure to the physicians & technologists working in our PET/CT facility based on the dose rate measurement with regularly calibrated pocket dosimeter and thermo-luminescent detector (TLD); for cumulative dose confirmation. The mean dose measured at the chest level per PET/CT procedure was 4 μSv and 4. 75μSv for the physicians and technologists respectively. The mean dose to the physicians per MBq of 18F-FDG injected was 10 nSv/MBq and 35 nSv/MBq at the chest and wrist levels respectively; whereas it was 12 and 25 nSv/MBq for technicians respectively.
Does angling activity influence consumer choices of fresh fish

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a profile of fresh fish consumers and analyze trends in their choices of fresh fish. In addition, this study investigates whether being an active practitioner of angling or whether belonging to a household with angling activity has an effect on consumers' choices.Design/methodology/approach – Consumers' habits, profiles, and perceptions were obtained from randomized personal interviews (n=395) at traditional markets (the main source of fresh fish for Spaniards) and from interviews with restaurant managers (n=11) carried out on Mallorca Island, in the West Mediterranean, in 2009.Findings – A wide range of middle‐aged and middle‐class residents consumed fresh fish. The residents in the sample preferred to buy fish in traditional retail markets and consumed fish at least once a week, including a wide range of species. Consumers were satisfied with the quality of the fish but were moderately unsatisfied with the information that they received about the fish an.
Suppression of atopic dermatitis in mice model by reducing inflammation utilizing phosphatidylserine-coated biodegradable microparticles

Controlling inflammatory response is important to avoid chronic inflammation in many diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD). In this research, we tried using a phosphatidylserine (PS)-coated microparticles in the AD mouse model for achieving the modulation of the macrophage phenotype to an anti-inflammatory state. Here, we prepared poly (D,L-lactic acid) microparticle coated with PS on the outside shell. We confirmed the cellular uptake of the PS-coated microparticle, which leads to the significant downregulation of the inflammatory cytokine production. In the mouse model of AD, the PS-coated microparticle was injected subcutaneously for a period of 12 days. The mice showed significant reduction in the development of AD symptoms comparing with the mice treated with the PC-coated microparticle.
How Markets Valuate and Response to IFRS Reconciliations Adjustments in Finland

This study focuses on the value relevance and market responses of mandatory transition to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), using samples of Finnish first-time IFRS adopters. The Finnish data is used since prior research findings suggest large differences between Finnish accounting standards (FAS) and IFRS. Some evidence of value relevance is found in IFRS adjustments on earnings but not with IFRS adjustments in shareholders' equity. Furthermore, only minor market responses on stock returns and no excess trading after the release of IFRS reconciliation adjustments are evidenced. This suggests that great deal of IFRS reconciliations, if relevant, were anticipated by investors.