Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sentiment Analysis: a comparison of feature sets for social data and reviews

Consumers share their experiences or opinion about products or brands in various channels nowadays, for example on review websites or social media. Sentiment analysis is used to predict the sentiment of text from consumers about these products or brands in order to understand the tone of customers towards these products or brands. This thesis addresses sentiment analysis in the product domain on sentence level. In this thesis three data types are used which are collected by Unilever, review data which is text that contains the opinion of a customer towards a specific product. Social data, which can be tweets, Facebook messages, Instagram messages etc. and phone data which is a summary of a phone call of a customer about a specific product. When conducting sentiment analysis one solution is to extract features from the data which can be given to a machine learning algorithm together with sentiment labels given by human annotators. The machine learning algorithm will generate a classifier which can predict a label for sentences. In sentiment analysis literature it is often not clear why certain features are chosen or for which data type certain features will work well. In this research we compare the differences when using several feature sets for the different data types. We propose three feature sets for review data and three feature sets for social data. We focus on two aspects, comparing the different feature sets and comparing the data types. In our results we do not find significant differences in performance between the feature sets. The results suggest there might be feature sets which can improve sentiment analysis specifically for the data type, but a general feature set with standard features can be comparable to that result.
Assessment of Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinase -8 Level among Cigarette Smokers with and Without Chronic Periodontitis

مقدمة : التهاب اللثة المزمن هو مرض التهابي يبدأ وينتشرت من قبل البكتيريا والعوامل المضيفة، ويتميز بتدمير الهياكل الداعمة الأسنان. ويعتبر التدخين عاملا بيئيا يعمل جنبا إلى جنب مع الخلايا المضيفة ويؤثر على الاستجابات الالتهابية للهجوم الميكروبي. ويرتبط ارتفاع المصفوفه البروتينيه الدفاعيه 8 اللعابية مع فقدان الانسجه حلول اللثه من خلال التهاب اللثة. أجريت هذه الدراسة للتحقيق في ارتباط المستويات اللعابية للمصفوفه البروتينيه الدفاعيه 8 مع المؤشرات السريرية للثة من خلال مجموعات من المرضى الذين يعانون من التهاب اللثة المزمن ومداومين على التدخين. المنهجية : تم توظيف عينة ملائمة من ثمانية وثمانين مريضا (53 ذكور و 28 إناث) لهذه الدراسة. بلغ متوسط عمر مجتمع الدراسة (36.6 ± 9.2) سنة. تم تصنيف المجموعات للعينة إلى ثلاث مجموعات: 26 مريض من غير المدخنين مع التهاب دواعم السن المزمن، 26 مريض من المدخنين مع التهاب دواعم السن المزمن و 29 مريض مع التهاب اللثه غير مزمن . تم تقييم العلامات اللثة السريرية في ستة مواقع، وشملت علامات اللویحة الجرثومیة، التھاب اللثة، الجیوب اللثویة، فقدان الانسجة حول السنیة. النتائج : تم تحليل المصفوفه البرةتينيه الدفاعيه 8 في عينات اللعاب و أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود فروق في علامات اللثة السريرية بين المجموعات الثلاث. وأظهر التحليل الإحصائي وجود فرقا كبيرا بين المجموعات الثلاث في مستويات اللعابيه في المصفوفه البروتينيه الدفاعيه 8 مع أعلى قيمة بين المدخنين الذين يعانون من التهاب اللثة المزمن. من ناحية أخرى، لم يتم الكشف عن ارتباطات كبيرة بين مستويات اللعابية المصفوفه البروتينيه الدفاعيه 8 وغيرها من معلمات اللثة السريرية بين كل من مجموعات الدراسة. هذه الدراسة تظهر بوضوح تأثير عميق للتدخين على المستويات اللعابية المصفوفه البروتينيه الدفاعيه 8في مواضيع التهاب اللثة المزمن بالمقارنة مع غير المدخنين و غير المدخنين في المجموعات . الخلاصة : ظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود فروق في معلمات اللثة السريرية بين المجموعات الثلاث مع على التوالي . أظهر التحليل الإحصائي باستخدام أنوفا فرقا كبيرا بين المجموعات الثلاث في مستويات اللعاب عميق للتدخين على المستويات اللعابية المصفوفه البروتينيه الدفاعيه 8مع أعلى قيمة بين المدخنين الذين يعانون من التهاب اللثة المزمن. من ناحية أخرى، لم يتم الكشف عن ارتباطات كبيرة بين مستويات اللعابية عميق للتدخين على المستويات اللعابية المصفوفه البروتينيه الدفاعيه 8 وغيرها من المعلمات اللثة السريرية. هذه الدراسة تظهر بوضوح تأثير عميق للتدخين على المستويات اللعابية المصفوفه البروتينيه الدفاعيه 8 في مواضيع التهاب اللثة المزمن بالمقارنة مع غير المدخنين والموضوعات صحية اللثه.
Chemical Composition and Biogas Formation potential of Sida hermaphrodita and Silphium perfoliatum

Biogas production and use is one of the pillars of the EU strategy for fossil fuels replacement via renewable energies. In Poland, the most commonly used crop for biogas production is maize. There are many factors limiting the cultivation of this crop, which is why alternative plants are sought. The aim of the present paper was to assess the effect of establishing a plantation using seeds, seedlings, and various harvest dates on biogas production from Silphium perfoliatum L. (Silphium) and from two phenotypes of Sida hermaphrodita L. Rusby (Sida). Harvesting was conducted in the second (2017) and third year of crop growth (2018). These crops were harvested in June and at the beginning of October as a two-cut strategy. Additionally, Silphium was harvested in early autumn as a one-cut strategy. Specific biogas yield (SBY) and specific biomethane yield (SMY) were estimated using the modified Baserga method. The biogas yield per hectare (BY) was calculated. The crop species, method of establishing a plantation, as well as the date and the number of harvests had a significant effect on the content of the selected chemical components; however, significant differences in terms of SBY were not found for the two-cut strategy. In the case of Silphium, approximately 40% more BY was produced for the two-cut strategy compared to the one-cut strategy. The BY was found to be significantly affected by the biomass yield; markedly higher BY can be obtained from Silphium and the average amount obtained in one year was 8598 m3 ha-1 while 4759 m3 ha-1 was obtained from Sida.
Carcass Characteristics and Nutritional Composition of Some Edible Chicken By-products

The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of chicken carcass and determine the nutritional composition of some edible chicken by-products, including liver, gizzard, wings, and skin. The total yield of liver, gizzard, wings and skin of chicken was found to be about 23.43%of carcass weight. The results showed that these chicken by-products are good sources of protein, fat, and minerals (ash). The greatest protein content was found to be 26.33% (wb) for wings; while, skin showed the greatest fat content of 34.48% (wb) compared with other by-products. On the other hand, liver showed the greatest ash content of 1.42% (wb) and skin showed the lowest ash content of 0.46% (wb). Moreover, the greatest caloric value of 362.36 Kcal/100 g was found for skin, followed by wings, liver, and gizzard. In addition, the results showed good contents of potassium, phosphorus, sodium, iron, and zinc in chicken by-products. These by-products were found to be a good source of essential amino acids such as leucine and lysine. Furthermore, liver, gizzard, wings, and skin of chicken showed greater unsaturated fatty acids content than that of saturated fatty acids. Oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids are the most predominant unsaturated fatty acids found in these chicken by-products. However, palmitic and stearic acids are the predominant saturated fatty acids found in the studied chicken by-products. The obtained results revealed that the liver, gizzard, wings, and skin of chicken are rich of healthy nutrients; therefore, the utilization of these by-products as food should be promoted by development of new food products through the advances in meat processing techniques.
An Integrative Framework for the Assimilation of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems: Phases, Antecedents, and Outcomes

Many organizations are in the process of assimilating Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. While traditional ERP systems integrated core business processes, the new generation ERP systems also have the potential to link suppliers, customers, and business partners, to integrate value chain activities. Despite this, the critical success factors for ERP assimilation identified in the past literature do not focus on external factors including the possible role of external stakeholders in ERP assimilation. If case studies are any indication of the outcomes in ERP investment, insights already suggest that many attempts have not delivered the expected benefits, have failed completely, or will have high probability of failure. In light of the new found scope of modern ERP systems and disappointing assimilation eports, this paper proposes an integrative framework that may enhance chances for successful assimilation of ERP in organizations. The framework identifies the phases, antecedents (technology and business, internal and external), and outcomes as they relate to ERP assimilation. The key contribution of the paper lies in synthesizing and extending ERP assimilation literature by addressing the role of critical external antecedents in different phases of the assimilation process. Implications of our framework are outlined to guide future practice and research.
Evidence of adaptive host and vector manipulation by plant viruses revealed through combined meta-analysis and modeling approaches

A growing number of studies indicate that plant viruses enhance their own transmission by modifying host phenotypes and vector behavior, leading to the hypothesis that such effects are manipulations resulting from virus adaptations. However, few studies have linked putative manipulations with virus components, and the true frequency and magnitude of host and vector manipulation across virus taxa remains unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we performed a meta-analysis to quantify convergence in virus effects on hosts and vectors across taxonomic groups that share transmission mechanism traits, and thereby stand to benefit from similar sequences of vector behavior. We then combined meta-analysis outputs with an epidemiological model to assess consequences of manipulation for virus spread. Overall, transmission mechanism traits strongly predicted the magnitude and nature of virus effects on vector preferences and performance. Models parameterized with meta-analysis data demonstrate that manipulation effects enhance virus spread, and that viruses with long acquisition times and retention durations are under strong selection pressure to manipulate transmission. By combining meta-analysis with epidemiological modeling, our results confirm that host and vector manipulation are important aspects of plant virus ecology and evolution while emphasizing the need to incorporate more pathosystems and transmission mechanism traits in future studies.
Testing the Canyon Hypothesis: Evaluating light and nutrient controls of phytoplankton growth in penguin foraging hotspots along the West Antarctic Peninsula

Biological hotspots along the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) are characterized by high phytoplankton productivity and biomass as well as spatially focused penguin foraging activity. While unique physical concentrating processes were identified in one of these hotspots, understanding the mechanisms driving the blooms at these locations is of high importance. Factors posited to explain the blooms include the upwelling of macronutrient‐ and micronutrient‐enriched modified Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (mUCDW) and the depth of the mixed layer influencing overall light availability for phytoplankton. Using shipboard trace‐metal clean incubation experiments in three different coastal biological hotspots spanning a north‐south gradient along the WAP, we tested the Canyon Hypothesis (upwelling) for enhanced phytoplankton growth. Diatoms dominated the Southern region, while the Northern region was characterized by a combination of diatoms and cryptophytes. There was ample concentration of macronutrients at the surface and no phytoplankton growth response was detected with the addition of nutrient‐enriched mUCDW water or iron solution to surface waters. For all treatments, addition of mUCDW showed no enhancement in phytoplankton growth, suggesting that local upwelling of nutrient‐enriched deep water in these hotspots was not the main driver of high phytoplankton biomass. Furthermore, the dynamics in the photoprotective pigments were consistent with the light levels used during these incubations showing that phytoplankton are able to photoacclimate rapidly to higher irradiances and that in situ cells are low light adapted. Light availability appears to be the critical variable for the development of hotspot phytoplankton blooms, which in turn supports the highly productive regional food web.
A Distinct Subset of Human Short Introns: U2AF Heterodimer Is Replaced by SPF45 (RBM17) as General Splicing Factor

Human pre-mRNA introns vary in size from under fifty to over a million nucleotides. We searched for specific splicing factors involved in human short introns by screening siRNAs against 154 human nuclear proteins for activity on a model short 56-nucleotide intron-containing HNRNPH1 pre-mRNA. We identified a known alternative splicing regulator SPF45 (RBM17) as a general splicing factor that is essential to splice out this 56-nt intron. Whole-transcriptome sequencing of SPF45 deficient cells revealed that SPF45 is specifically required for the efficient splicing of many short introns. Our crosslinking and biochemical analyses demonstrate that SPF45 specifically replaces U2AF heterodimer on the truncated pyrimidine tracts. To initiate splicing, the U2AF-homology motif (UHM) of the replaced SPF45 interacts with the UHM-ligand motif (ULM) of the U2 snRNP protein SF3b155 (SF3b1). We propose the existence of a distinct subset of SPF45-dependently spliced short introns.
Evaluation of the nutrient contents of palm kernel cake fermented by microbial cocktails as a potential feedstuff for poultry

The aims of this research were to improve the nutritive value of palm kernel cake by fermentation technology using Bacillus amyloliquefacien, Trichoderma harzianum and cocktail microbes (combination of Bacillus amyloliquefacien and Trichoderma harzianum). Data were analyzed using Completely Randomized Design Factorial, with experiments consisting of types of microbes (B. amyloliquefaciens, T. harzianum, microbial cocktail) as treatment and incubation time (0, 3, 5, and 7 days). Parameters were crude protein and crude fiber for all treatments, and the lowest fiber analysis would continue with NDF, ADF, crude fat, and amino acids. Result showed that the three of microbes grew on palm kernel meal in third incubation and grew on and in the substrate at 7 days. microbial cocktails increased protein and reduced crude fiber better than B. amyloliquefacien and T. harzianum on palm kernel cake fermentation technology. Cocktail microbes enhanced amino acids such as methionine, arginine, and glutamic acid, also neutral detergent fiber but reduced ADF and hemicellulose. It was concluded that the palm kernel cake fermented with microbial cocktails can reduced crude fiber and increase crude protein with an incubation period of 7 days.
Trophic metacommunities : lessons from studying bromeliad and teaching programming in biostatistics

Trophic metacommunity ecology brings together the spatial thinking of metacommunity ecology and the complexity of food web ecology. While theoretical development in this field has been bountiful, empirical development has been slower. Using a diverse methodology, I bring together three different empirical approaches to understand trophic metacommunities as exemplified by bromeliads macro-invertebrates. First, I used Markov network analysis to study the effect of regional environmental gradients on community composition and trophic interactions. I found that a gradient in precipitation underlies the spatial turnover of some species and that the interactions of certain predators differed due to differences in bromeliad water volume. Second, I combined experimental feeding trials and a food web model to study the effect of body size diversity at the local scale on food web dynamics. I found that predator persistence was maximized when the minimum prey size in the community was intermediate, but as prey diversity increased the minimum body size could take a broader range of values due to Jensen’s inequality. Third, I used population genetics to estimate dispersal kernels of a predator and a prey. I then used these empirical estimates of dispersal kernels and feeding rates to parameterize a trophic metacommunity model, to study the effect of differences in dispersal between a predator and a prey on persistence. From the empirical dispersal kernel estimates, I found that the prey dispersed up to 25 km whereas the predator dispersed up to 200 m. From the trophic metacommunity model, I found that differences in dispersal rates were sufficient to generate differences in occupancy of our modelled landscape, without requiring variation in the abiotic niche. None of this
Functional richness shows spatial scale dependency in Pheidole ant assemblages from Neotropical savannas

Abstract There is a growing recognition that spatial scale is important for understanding ecological processes shaping community membership, but empirical evidence on this topic is still scarce. Ecological processes such as environmental filtering can decrease functional differences among species and promote functional clustering of species assemblages, whereas interspecific competition can do the opposite. These different ecological processes are expected to take place at different spatial scales, with competition being more likely at finer scales and environmental filtering most likely at coarser scales. We used a comprehensive dataset on species assemblages of a dominant ant genus, Pheidole, in the Cerrado (savanna) biodiversity hotspot to ask how functional richness relates to species richness gradients and whether such relationships vary across spatial scales. Functional richness of Pheidole assemblages decreased with increasing species richness, but such relationship did not vary across different spatial scales. Species were more functionally dissimilar at finer spatial scales, and functional richness increased less than expected with increasing species richness. Our results indicate a tighter packing of the functional volume as richness increases and point out to a primary role for environmental filtering in shaping membership of Pheidole assemblages in Neotropical savannas. OPEN RESEARCH BADGES This article has been awarded Open Materials, Open Data, Preregistered Research Designs Badges. All materials and data are publicly accessible via the Open Science Framework at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.31201jg
Primer-Like Inhibitors for DNA Repair Enzymes of the AML-HL60 and WERI-1A/Y79 Malignant Cells

A conventionally synthesized thio- and cyano-modified single-stranded poly(dNTP) sequences of different molecular sizes (20n - 200n) and the same lengths routine poly(dNTP) and poly(NTP) species were obtained through the good services provided by the Russian Federal Bioorganic Products Group and by the ThermoFischer, Inc., and then tested for their impact on catalytic activities of β-like DNA polymerases from chromatin of HL-60, WERI-1A and Y-79 cells as well as for the affinity patterns in DNApolβ-poly(dNTP)/ (NTP) pairs, respectively. An essential link between the lengths of ultrashort (50n - 100n) single-stranded poly(dNTP) sequences of different structures and their inhibitory effects towards the cancer-specific DNA polymerases β has been found. A possible significance of this phenomenon for both DNA repair suppression in tumors and a consequent anti-cancer activity of the DNA repair related short poly(dNTP) fragments has been for the first time emphasized with a respect to their pharmacophore revealing potential. Thus, this work presents an experimental attempt to upgrade a contemporary attitude towards the DNA derived products applied for anti-cancer agenda, particularly, for acute myeloid leukemia and retinoblastoma cell DNA repair machinery breakdown. In this study, tumor specific DNA polymerases β were found of being the targets for attack promoted with the primer-like single-stranded DNA fragments followed by consequent cytostatic phenomena. A novel concept of the DNA related anti-cancer medicines is under discussion.
Genetic analysis of hemagglutinin proteins of H3 and H1 subtypes in Kazakhstan

proteins and subtypes Kazakhstan The influenza is one of the most dangerous and widespread infectious diseases on the planet. A natural reservoir of the influenza A virus is wild waterfowl, which subsequently contribute to the spread of viral infection among domestic animals. Currently, different influenza A subtypes were isolated from various animal species and their genetic diversity were investigated with the subsequent possibility to predict the places of outbreaks and the transfer between species. An investigation of genetic diversity of influenza A virus is also important for a timely response by developing suitable vaccines to the emergence of new strains. In the work, we investigated two subtypes of hemagglutinin (H3, H1) from wild waterfowl in the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK). This work was aimed to determine the homology between these subtypes and currently known isolates from the NCBI database. monophyletic group together with isolates from Mongolia and Altai according to phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin sequences . The hemagglutinin homology of H3N8 isolates from Kazakhstan and A/eq/Richmond/1/2007 vaccine strain was 86.07% and with A/eq/Ohio/2003 vaccine strain was 86, 24%. In the case of H1N1 isolates from Kazakhstan, the highest hemagglutinin homology was with isolates from Europe. The homology with the A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) vaccine strain was 81.27%. Important amino acids of cleavage and receptor binding sites were not variable in both H3 and H1 subtypes. The investigation of antigenic sites showed presence of variations in all five sites for H3 subtype and in 4 sites for H1.
Temperature, rainfall, and moonlight intensity effects on activity of tropical insectivorous bats

The extrinsic factors that most influence animal activity are weather and light conditions, which can be assessed at hourly, monthly, and even lunar-cycle timescales. We evaluated the responses of tropical aerial-insectivorous bats to temperature, rainfall, and moonlight intensity within and among nights. Temperature positively affected the activity of two species (Cormura brevirostris and Saccopteryx bilineata). Moonlight reduced Myotis riparius activity and increased the activity of Pteronotus rubiginosus and S. leptura. Rainfall can promote an irregular activity peak during the night compared to nights without rainfall, but the bats in our study were not active for a longer time after a rainfall event. Our findings indicate that moonlight and temperature are the variables with the highest impact on the activity of tropical insectivorous bat species and that some species are sensitive to small variations in rainfall among and within nights.