Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Specific Activation of the Plant P-type Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase by Lysophospholipids Depends on the Autoinhibitory N- and C-terminal Domains*

Background: Lysophospholipids activate P-type plasma membrane H+-ATPase proton pump by an unknown mechanism. Results: In contrast to fungal plasma membrane H+-ATPase, plant H+-ATPase is activated by lysophospholipids directly via a mechanism involving both terminal domains of the pump. Conclusion: Plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase responds specifically to lysophospholipids. Significance: Lysophospholipids may function in plant signaling. Eukaryotic P-type plasma membrane H+-ATPases are primary active transport systems that are regulated at the post-translation level by cis-acting autoinhibitory domains, which can be relieved by protein kinase-mediated phosphorylation or binding of specific lipid species. Here we show that lysophospholipids specifically activate a plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase (Arabidopsis thaliana AHA2) by a mechanism that involves both cytoplasmic terminal domains of AHA2, whereas they have no effect on the fungal counterpart (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pma1p). The activation was dependent on the glycerol backbone of the lysophospholipid and increased with acyl chain length, whereas the headgroup had little effect on activation. Activation of the plant pump by lysophospholipids did not involve the penultimate residue, Thr-947, which is known to be phosphorylated as part of a binding site for activating 14-3-3 protein, but was critically dependent on a single autoinhibitory residue (Leu-919) upstream of the C-terminal cytoplasmic domain in AHA2. A corresponding residue is absent in the fungal counterpart. These data indicate that plant plasma membrane H+-ATPases evolved as specific receptors for lysophospholipids and support the hypothesis that lysophospholipids are important plant signaling molecules.
Loss of the Birt–Hogg–Dubé gene product folliculin induces longevity in a hypoxia‐inducible factor–dependent manner

Signaling through the hypoxia‐inducible factor hif‐1 controls longevity, metabolism, and stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) protein levels are regulated through an evolutionarily conserved ubiquitin ligase complex. Mutations in the VHL gene, encoding a core component of this complex, cause a multitumor syndrome and renal cell carcinoma in humans. In the nematode, deficiency in vhl‐1 promotes longevity mediated through HIF‐1 stabilization. However, this longevity assurance pathway is not yet understood. Here, we identify folliculin (FLCN) as a novel interactor of the hif‐1/vhl‐1 longevity pathway. FLCN mutations cause Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome in humans, another tumor syndrome with renal tumorigenesis reminiscent of the VHL disease. Loss of the C. elegans ortholog of FLCN F22D3.2 significantly increased lifespan and enhanced stress resistance in a hif‐1‐dependent manner. F22D3.2, vhl‐1, and hif‐1 control longevity by a mechanism distinct from insulin‐like signaling. Daf‐16 deficiency did not abrogate the increase in lifespan mediated by flcn‐1. These findings define FLCN as a player in HIF‐dependent longevity signaling and connect organismal aging, stress resistance, and regulation of longevity with the formation of renal cell carcinoma.
Interest in genetic testing for colon cancer susceptibility: cognitive and emotional correlates.

BACKGROUND Recent advances in human genetics have led to the identification of markers for cancer susceptibility. Nevertheless, little is known about the public's interest in clinical genetic testing for cancer-related markers. METHODS A random-digit-dial telephone survey of 401 adult residents of Utah was conducted during the summer of 1990. Respondents were randomized to one of three question frames and asked about their interest in a potential genetic test for colon cancer susceptibility. They were also asked to rate their risk for colon cancer, how often they worried about contracting any type of cancer, and how often they felt worried and nervous during the past year (trait anxiety). RESULTS Eighty-three percent of respondents expressed interest in genetic testing. Level of interest was most strongly correlated with perceived risk for colon cancer (r = 0.21, P < 0.001). Responses were not affected by the use of different question frames. CONCLUSIONS These results show a high level of public interest in genetic testing for colon cancer susceptibility. The data also suggest that anxiety does not undermine interest, but future research must determine whether this relationship is limited to hypothetical judgments such as those studied here.
Experimental Benchmarking of Electrical Methods and  $\mu $ -Raman Spectroscopy for Channel Temperature Detection in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs

In this paper, several experimental methods (electrical and optical) for channel temperature detection in AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors have been studied and experimentally benchmarked. This paper encompasses four electrical methods (two dc characterization methods, low-RF output conductance measurement, and gate-resistive sensing technique) and one optical method (micro-Raman spectroscopy), which have been frequently used to sense temperature in AlGaN/GaN transistors. The experiments are carried out on identical test structures on wafer-level conditions as well as on single dies mounted on printed circuit board for power densities up to 12 W/mm. Due to a large temperature distribution along the channel of the devices and due to the physics on which each method is based, it was shown that the differences between the measured temperatures using the different methods can be as high as 50%. Experimental results are discussed and compared with coupled TCAD and finite element modeling simulations, where significant agreements have been observed.
Power and bandwidth efficient serially concatenated CPM with iterative decoding

Serially concatenated continuous phase modulation (SCCPM) with iterative decoding is analyzed and simulated. Earlier results on outer rate 1/2 convolutional codes combined with inner binary and quaternary CPM systems are extended to rate 2/3 and 3/4 codes with low-complexity octal and hexadecimal CPM systems, having the 2RC and 3RC frequency pulses. Analysis and simulations show that-among the evaluated systems-the octal 2RC systems provide the highest power/bandwidth efficiency. As an example, rate 2/3-coded octal 2RC with modulation index 1/4 provides a 5.7 dB gain over uncoded minimum shift keying at a bit error rate of 10/sup -3/ and an input delay 4096 bits, without any bandwidth expansion.
Tactile awareness and limb position in neglect: Functional magnetic resonance imaging

We studied a patient with right parietal damage for whom tactile stimuli on the right/ipsilesional hand (projecting to the intact left hemisphere) were extinguished from awareness during double simultaneous stimulation, when his right hand was positioned in the left/contralesional space. This demonstrates the role of an egocentric spatial reference frame in attention that can determine awareness of stimuli despite intact sensory pathways. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging to elucidate the neural correlates of such perceptual extinction, we found that limb position modulated neural responses to tactile stimuli at early cortical stages (SI) in the intact hemisphere. Activity in bilateral middle frontal gyri also was modulated by limb position and may contribute to integrate sensory inputs into a supramodal, egocentric representation of space.
PET and Macro- and Microautoradiographic Studies Combined with Immunohistochemistry for Monitoring Rat Intestinal Ulceration and Healing Processes

18F-FDG PET is used mainly in clinical settings for imaging focal cancer sites, but the usefulness of the modality in imaging gastrointestinal ulcers has not been established. We investigated whether PET can be used for noninvasive monitoring of indomethacin-induced small-intestine ulceration. Methods: Intestinal ulcers were induced in rats by subcutaneous administration of indomethacin. An 18F-FDG PET scan was obtained at 1, 2, and 7 d after indomethacin administration. 18F-FDG uptake in the small intestine was quantified by γ-counting, and macro- and microautoradiographic studies were performed to determine the site of 18F-FDG uptake in tissue and at the cellular level. Results: Ulcers observed in the intestine (mainly in the ileum) 1–4 d after indomethacin administration were most severe at 1 d after administration and were almost healed at day 7. The PET study showed increased 18F-FDG uptake in the intestine correlating to the severity of ulceration, returning to the basal level on day 7. Ex vivo imaging and γ-counting showed that these regions of high uptake corresponded to regions of ulceration. A microautoradiographic study combined with immunohistochemistry revealed heavy accumulation of 18F-FDG in inflammatory cells containing peroxidase on day 1 and in cells forming granulation tissue (α-smooth muscle actin–positive myofibroblasts and ED2-positive macrophages) on days 2–4 in and around ulcers. Proliferating (Ki67-immunopositive) intestinal crypt cells were also densely labeled with 18F-FDG in intact intestinal tissue taken from the indomethacin-treated and the control animals. Conclusion: Our experimental data suggest that 18F-FDG PET may be useful for evaluating the occurrence of small-intestine ulcers. Ulceration could be visualized early by the prominent uptake of 18F-FDG by inflammatory cells and by the formation of granulation tissue by cells in and around ulcers.
Identification of a human protein that recognizes the 3′ splice site during the second step of pre‐mRNA splicing

Accurate splicing of precursor mRNAs (pre‐mRNAs) requires recognition of the 5′ and 3′ splice sites at the intron boundaries. Interactions between several splicing factors and the 5′ splice site, which occur prior to the first step of splicing, have been well described. In contrast, recognition of the 3′ splice site, which is cleaved during the second catalytic step, is poorly understood, particularly in higher eukaryotes. Here, using site‐specific photo‐crosslinking, we find that the conserved AG dinucleotide at the 3′ splice site is contacted specifically by a 70 kDa polypeptide (p70). The p70–3′ splice site crosslink has kinetics and biochemical requirements similar to those of splicing, was detected only in the mature spliceosome and occurs subsequent to the first step. Thus, p70 has all the properties expected of a factor that functionally interacts with the 3′ splice site during the second step of splicing. Using antisera to various known splicing factors, we find that p70 corresponds to a previously reported 69 kDa protein of unknown function associated with the Sm core domain of spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins.
Blood gas relationships in the rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri.

1. Oxygen dissociation curves were determined using blood from rainbow trout, acclimated for at least 3 weeks to temperatures of 6, 15 and 20°C. Carbon dioxide tensions in the range 0·3-7 mmHg produced both the Bohr and Root effects in the blood. 2. Increasing temperature, P co2 and hydrogen ions, whether raised individually or together, caused a decrease in blood O2 affinity (increased value for P 50). 3. Blood at low temperatures had a higher pH than blood at high temperatures. This is related to the fact that the ionization constant of water is diminished with decreasing temperature. When blood was 50% saturated and P co2 was 1 mmHg, the pH value was 8·25 at 6°C, 7·83 at 15°C and 7·62 at 20°C. 4. The factors influencing unloading of oxygen from the blood are discussed. To release the same amount of oxygen from blood, a greater change in carbon dioxide tension is required at 6°C than at higher temperatures. 5. The Bohr effect expressed quantitatively (Δ log P 50/Δ pH) was -0·54 at 6°C, -0·57 at 15°C and -0·59 at 20°C. These values are similar to those for the blood of many mammals, and are within the range reported for fish, where whole blood has been used.
Effect of hypoxia on DNA fragmentation in different brain regions of the newborn piglet

DNA fragmentation has been studied in different regions of the newborn piglet brain following different times of normobaric hypoxia (5% O2, 95% N2). After 1 hr of hypoxia, fragmented DNA was observed in cerebellum, cortex, hippocampus, and striatum but not in hypothalamus. More fragmentation occurred in these areas of the brain when the animals were kept under hypoxia for times up to 8 hr 45 min. When the animals were submitted to hypoxia for two and a half hours, integrity of DNA was recovered respectively after 3 hr of exposure to the ambient atmosphere in hippocampus and striatum, but 4 hr of recovery were necessary for cerebellum and cortex. These results are discussed in terms of the consequences of neonatal hypoxia and apnea for newborn infants and economical impact for farm animals. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 57:153–158, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distributed δ-consensus in directed delayed networks of multi-agent systems

In this article, we propose a distributed δ-consensus protocol in directed networks of dynamic agents having communication delays. The δ-consensus protocol is an average consensus protocol where agents exchange the information with their neighbours at some discontinuous moments. We provide convergence analysis for such consensus algorithm under stochastic switching communication graphs, and then present some generic criteria for solving the average consensus problem. We also show that directed delayed networks of dynamic agents can achieve average consensus even when each agent in the networks intermittently exchanges the information with its neighbours only at some discrete moments. Subsequently, a typical numerical example illustrates and visualises the effectiveness and feasibility of the theoretical results.
Immunocytochemical demonstration of GABA in physiologically characterized, HRP-filled neurons and their postsynaptic targets

The combination of intracellular recording and marking of neurons with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) has greatly extended the understanding of neuronal circuits. This approach is suitable for the reconstruction of the axonal and dendritic arborizations of neurons over several millimeters, thus providing a more complete picture of individual cells than was possible with previous methods. In addition the direct correlation of electrophysiological and structural data becomes possible. In most cases the interpretation of the possible role of identified neurons would greatly benefit from a knowledge of their biochemical characteristics, especially their transmitters. The identification of the transmitters of the postsynaptic cells would also be useful because each neuron or afferent system is likely to contact several neurochemically, morphologically and physiologically distinct neuronal populations. In the vertebrate nervous system, with few exceptions (Aghajanian and Vandermalen, 1982; Bornstein et aI., 1986; Grace and Bunney, 1983; Reaves et aI., 1983; Weiler and Ammermuller, 1986), information about the transmitters of physiologically characterized cells and their postsynaptic targets has largely been predicted from separate neurochemical, pharmacological or histochemical ments. In order to provide direct information £lbout the neurochemical characteristics of intracellularly recorded cells, we combined intracellular HRP filling with light and electron microscopic post-embedding immunocytochemistry. Following intracellular recording, the tissue containing the HRP-filled cells is processed for electron microscopic analysis. Thus the afferent and efferent synaptic connections of the physiologically characterized, HRP-filled neurons can be studied at the ultrastructural level. In addition, the connections of these same cells can also be
Adrenaline markedly improves thoracic epidural analgesia produced by a low‐dose infusion of bupivacaine, fentanyl and adrenaline after major surgery: A randomised, double‐blind, cross‐over study with and without adrenaline

Background: Basic pharmacological research indicates that there are synergistic antinociceptive effects at the spinal cord level between adrenaline, fentanyl and bupivacaine. Our clinical experience with such a mixture in a thoracic epidural infusion after major surgery confirms this. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects on postoperative pain intensity, pain relief and side effects when removing adrenaline from this triple epidural mixture.
Observational evidence for travelling wave modes bearing distance proportional shifts

Discrepancies of range between the Space Surveillance Network radars and the Deep Space Network in tracking the 1998 Earth flyby of NEAR, and between ESA's Doppler and range data in Rosetta's 2009 flyby, reveal a consistent excess delay, or lag, equal to instantaneous one-way travel time in the telemetry signals. These lags readily explain all details of the flyby anomaly, and are shown to be symptoms of chirp d'Alembertian travelling wave solutions, relating to traditional sinusoidal waves by a rotation of the spectral decomposition due to the clock acceleration caused by the Doppler rates during the flybys. The lags thus relate to special relativity, but yield distance proportional shifts like those of cosmology at short range.
Satisfaction with interpersonal and internet interactions in Thai corporate banking: an exploratory study

This research explores bank and corporate customer views on customer satisfaction with interpersonal and internet channels in Thailand, and examines the concept of integration to blend the two channels rather than operating them as separate alternatives. Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with top management of five leading commercial banks, which have implemented internet banking, and with financial officers of 14 large corporate customers of these banks. Corporate customers still prefer personal contact most of the time, although they find the internet channel useful for some things. Sources of satisfaction with interpersonal service interactions are broad. Satisfaction drivers on the internet are relatively narrow, but sources of dissatisfaction on the internet are quite extensive. Integrating interpersonal and internet channels more strongly would be a quite attractive new option to suit their businesses. Thai banks, however, do not seem to be aware of customer views favouring integration.
EQUILIBRIUM PRICES FOR MONETARY UTILITY FUNCTIONS

This paper provides sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of equilibrium pricing rules for monetary utility functions under convex consumption constraints. These utility functions are characterized by the assumption of a fully fungible numeraire asset ("cash"). Each agent's utility is nominally shifted by exactly the amount of cash added to his endowment. We find the individual maximum utility that each agent is eligible for in an equilibrium and provide a game theoretic point of view for the fair allocation of the aggregate utility.
Lymphocyte NF-kB and demands of illness measures from women with stage II-IV breast cancer during a complementary yoga intervention

by Michelle A. Crowe, M.S. Washington State University May 2004 Chair: Sally E. Blank Breast cancer survivors are challenged by many psychosocial issues that increase the burden of survivorship and overall stress. Increased psychosocial distress alters nuclear expression of NF-κB, a regulator of gene transcription activities involved in innate immunity. Interventions that target psychosocial stressors may attenuate psychosocial distress and benefit immunity. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of an 8-week Iyengar yoga intervention on psychosocial stressors and nuclear expression of NF-κB in rIL-2 and PHA/PMA stimulated lymphocytes of women with breast cancer. Female subjects, previously diagnosed with stage II-IV HER-2 breast cancer and receiving Herceptin®, volunteered to join yoga (n=7) or treatment as usual (n=3) group. Lymphocytes obtained pre-(T1) and post-(T2) intervention were stimulated with rIL-2 or PHA/PMA. Cytosolic (C) and nuclear (N) extracts were analyzed for NFκB by luminescence. Demands of Illness Inventory (DOII) measured hardships or psychosocial stressors at T1 and T2. Data were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measures, independent t-tests or Mann Whitney U tests. Because clinical treatment changes were required for the management of disease, the effects of yoga on lymphocyte
Epidemiological patterns and risk factors of motorcycle injuries in Iran and Eastern Mediterranean Region countries: a systematic review

Epidemiological patterns and risk factors of motorcycle injuries in Iran and Eastern Mediterranean Region countries: a systematic review Leili Abedi and Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani* Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Road Traffic Injury Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; WHO Collaborating Center on Safe Community Promotion, Stockholm, Sweden
Influence of galactosyl lactose on energy and protein digestibility, enteric microflora, and performance of weanling pigs.

In three experiments, weanling pigs were used to investigate the effect of feeding . 5% galactosyl lactose in a simple corn-soy diet on nutrient digestibility, selected ileal microbial concentrations, fermentation acids, and performance. In Exp. 1, 20 21-d-old weaned pigs in two replicate trials were fed either a 19% CP corn and soybean meal diet or a similar diet containing . 5% galactosyl lactose. Feces and urine were collected over a 3-wk period to determine apparent CP and energy digestibilities. Apparent digestibilities of CP and energy were not different between treatments. In Exp. 2, 24 14-d-old nursing pigs were cannulated at the terminal ileum and fed the diets described above after weaning at 21 d of age. Ileal samples were collected at 20, 23, 27, 30, 34, 37, and 41 d of age. Samples were assayed for VFA, lactate, and selected microflora. Ileal fermentation acid concentrations and selected microflora were affected by age of pig but were not different between feed treatments. In Exp. 3, 91 21- to 24-d-old weaned pigs were fed the control and test diets already described; intake, BW gain, and feed efficiency were determined for 9 wk after weaning. Intake was greater in pigs fed galactosyl lactose, but ADG and gain/feed did not differ between treatments. Inclusion of galactosyl lactose in weanling pig diets did not affect protein or energy digestibility, microflora, short-chain fatty acids, or performance of young pigs.
Aproximación al discurso sobre la prima de riesgo en los titulares de economía de la prensa española

One of the consequences of the social role played by media is their contribution to the development of certain images of the world through their discourses. By monitoring, correlating, and transmitting particular linguistic, textual and cognitive models they may guide our reception and interpretation of the news. According to the principles of critical epistemic discourse analysis and the framing theory, we aim at exploring the contextual models and, thus, the kind of knowledge conveyed by the Spanish press and more specifically, its headlines, in regard to the economic concept spread. A linguistic analysis of the syntactic dimension of the headlines published in the digital editions of El País, El Mundo, ABC, La Vanguardia, El periódico, and La Razón has been carried out. The results confirm a similar trend for all the newspapers. They all emphasize the changeable character of the concept and present the debt crisis within a framework that favors the urgence and the need of reforms.