Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coronary computed tomography angiography for heart team decision-making in multivessel coronary artery disease

Abstract Aims Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) has emerged as a non-invasive diagnostic method for patients with suspected coronary artery disease, but its usefulness in patients with complex coronary artery disease remains to be investigated. The present study sought to determine the agreement between separate heart teams on treatment decision-making based on either coronary CTA or conventional angiography. Methods and results Separate heart teams composed of an interventional cardiologist, a cardiac surgeon, and a radiologist were randomized to assess the coronary artery disease with either coronary CTA or conventional angiography in patients with de novo left main or three-vessel coronary artery disease. Each heart team, blinded for the other imaging modality, quantified the anatomical complexity using the SYNTAX score and integrated clinical information using the SYNTAX Score II to provide a treatment recommendations based on mortality prediction at 4 years: coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or equipoise between CABG and PCI. The primary endpoint was the agreement between heart teams on the revascularization strategy. The secondary endpoint was the impact of fractional flow reserve derived from coronary CTA (FFRCT) on treatment decision and procedural planning. Overall, 223 patients were included. A treatment recommendation of CABG was made in 28% of the cases with coronary CTA and in 26% with conventional angiography. The agreement concerning treatment decision between coronary CTA and conventional angiography was high (Cohen’s kappa 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.74–0.91). The heart teams agreed on the coronary segments to be revascularized in 80% of the cases. FFRCT was available for 869/1108 lesions (196/223 patients). Fractional flow reserve derived from coronary CTA changed the treatment decision in 7% of the patients. Conclusion In patients with left main or three-vessel coronary artery disease, a heart team treatment decision-making based on coronary CTA showed high agreement with the decision derived from conventional coronary angiography suggesting the potential feasibility of a treatment decision-making and planning based solely on this non-invasive imaging modality and clinical information. Trial registration number NCT02813473.
Effect of pharmaceutical care interventions on glycemic control in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose Diabetes is a chronic lifelong condition, and adherence to medications and self-monitoring of blood glucose are challenging for diabetic patients. The dramatic increase in the prevalence of diabetes is largely due to the incidence of type 2 diabetes in low- and middle-income countries (LMIc) besides high-income countries (HIc). We aimed to evaluate whether pharmacist care (PC) service model in LMIc and HIc could improve clinical outcomes in diabetic patients by performing a meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, Embase, and ProQuest Dissertations Unlimited Published Literature database were searched to find publications pertaining to pharmacist-led intervention in patients with diabetes. The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) randomized controlled trials, 2) confirmed diabetic patients (type 1 or type 2), 3) pharmaceutical care intervention by clinical pharmacist or/and multidisciplinary team, and 4) reporting HbA1c at baseline and end of study or the mean change in these values. Results A total of 37 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The overall result was significant and in favor of PC intervention on HbA1c change (standard difference in mean values [SDM]: 0.379, 95% CI: 0.208–0.550, P<0.001). The stratified meta-analysis showed that PC was significant in both HIc (n=20; SDM: 0.351, 95% CI: 0.207–0.495) and LMIc (n=15; SDM: 0.426, 95% CI: 0.071–0.780). More than 6 months is needed to obtain adequate effects on clinical diabetes parameters. Conclusion Our study presented that an adequate duration of pharmacist-led pharmaceutical care was effective in improving HbA1c in patients with diabetes in both LMIc and HIc.
Clinical and Electrophysiological Analysis of Chronic Eyelid Twitching.

PURPOSE Nearly everyone had experience of eyelid twitching (ET) and most physicians think it is benign and self limited. Most neurologists consider it is a symptom rather a disease. However, sometimes ET persists longer and becomes bothersome in some cases, i.e. chronic ET (CET). CET was seldom discussed seriously and studied extensively. Few studies concerning of CET especially its electrophysiological features had been reported. The purposes of this study are to delineate its clinical features and electrophysiological characters of CET. In consequence by knowing its pathophysiology we can prove CET is a disease entity as minor form of facial nerve neuropathy. METHODS A retrospective study by reviewing medical charts of patients with facial twitching and have been received examinations of facial nerve latency and blink response. We defined CET as persisting of ET more than 2 weeks. We collected 142 patients, age from 12 to 73 years-old, 34 men and 108 women. The onset month and season, sex, abnormal side, and abnormal index (AI=abnormal side minus normal side/normal side) of several variables from electrophysiological study were compared between men and women of CET. RESULTS There was significant gender difference on CET. Women were more vulnerable than men (female to male: 3 to 1). CET tended to develop more in cold weather (61.27%). Half of CET cases demonstrated delayed or absent R2 response in blink reflex. And 45.8% cases had prolonged facial nerve latency (>5% side to side difference), with the rate higher in women (48.5% vs 38.2%). These two findings indicating conduction defect of facial nerve pathway in CET cases. CONCLUSION Although CET has been considered as a benign, transient, somewhat physiological phenomenon, our study may suggest it can be a disease entity with minor facial nerve neuropathy.
Goals Matter: Exercising for Well-Being But Not Health or Appearance Predicts Future Exercise Among Parents.

BACKGROUND Many parents are insufficiently active. Further research is needed to understand the goals that drive sustained exercise participation among parents. The purpose of this study was to use self-determination theory derived constructs to examine the relationship between parents' exercise goals and their autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and exercise behavior across 1 year. METHODS Mothers (n = 226) and fathers (n = 70) of children less than 16 years completed the Exercise Motivations Inventory-2 and, 1 year later, the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 and Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine the longitudinal relationships between exercise goals and autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and leisure-time exercise. RESULTS All goals except weight management were significantly associated with autonomous motivation, whereas only weight and appearance goals predicted controlled motivation. Exercising for stress management and revitalization, but not health- or appearance-related goals, was significantly related to exercise behavior over 1 year. CONCLUSIONS Only goals related to immediate affective outcomes were associated with both autonomous motivation and exercise behavior over time. These findings support recent calls to "rebrand exercise" as a means to improve daily well-being. Such goals may drive parents to prioritize exercise because they value the immediate benefits it provides.
Comparative Three‐Dimensional Moment Arm Analysis of the Sauropod Forelimb: Implications for the Transition to a Wide‐Gauge Stance in Titanosaurs

The evolution of extraordinarily large size among Sauropoda was associated with a number of biomechanical adaptations. Changes in muscle moment arms undoubtedly accompanied these adaptations, but since muscles rarely fossilize, our ability to understand them has been restricted. Here, we use three‐dimensional (3D) musculoskeletal modeling to reconstruct and quantitatively assess leverage of forelimb muscles in the transition from the narrow‐gauge stance of basal sauropods to a wide‐gauge stance in titanosaurs. A comparative analysis is conducted on three neosauropods: the narrow‐gauge diplodocid Apatosaurus louisae, the intermediate‐gauge titanosariform Giraffatitan brancai, and the wide‐gauge titanosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae. In this study, moment arm magnitudes and corresponding morphological evidence indicates multiple changes across the narrow‐gauge to wide‐gauge transition in sauropods. High shoulder adduction was found in Diamantinasaurus, suggesting functional changes for supporting a wider stance and a limb less aligned with ground reaction force. High leverage in shoulder extension of Diamantinasaurus and Giraffatitan is possibly related to the increased use of the forelimb in forward propulsion with an anterior shift in center of mass. In addition, the prominence of the olecranon process in Diamantinasaurus produced high moment arm leverage in elbow flexion and extension, suggesting titanosaurs might have maintained a more flexed forelimb posture and displayed an increased degree of maneuverability. Other results are more variable between taxa but still indicate smaller scale changes. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted to measure the reliability of our models and test specific uncertainties within the modeling process, as well as other uncertainties uncovered during analysis. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 302:794–817, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A COMPARISON BETWEEN TLS AND UAV TECHNOLOGIES FOR HISTORICAL INVESTIGATION

Abstract. The architectural and sculptural value of the investigated Cultural Heritage has suggested a variety of possible approaches ranging from the traditional modus operandi to the implementation of innovative technology. The conducted research implemented digital and automatic photogrammetry software using Structure from Motion or SFM. These techniques which involve the convergence of different disciplines, such as Computer Vision and photogrammetry seek to generate 3D models, that is the mathematical representation of the investigated 3D objects. The integration of UAS, photogrammetry and TLS develops 3D models able to provide more detailed information. The main purpose of the present research is to test the potentialities offered by the new survey and 3D processing systems in order to carry out historical analyses and investigations in closed environments and for small scale architecture. Starting from the acquired data, the 3D models of the altars allow a 3D comparison between the works object of study and Pozzo’s treatise, also allowing speculation about their possible relations, providing extraordinary outcomes from the point of view of survey integrated methodologies and from the point of view of historical and geometric interpretation.
Importance and Presence of High-Quality Evidence for Clinical Decisions in Neurosurgery: International Survey of Neurosurgeons

Background The publication rate of neurosurgical guidelines has increased tremendously over the past decade; however, only a small proportion of clinical decisions appear to be based on high-quality evidence. Objective The aim was to evaluate the evidence available within neurosurgery and its value within clinical practice according to neurosurgeons. Methods A Web-based survey was sent to 2552 neurosurgeons, who were members of the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies. Results The response rate to the survey was 6.78% (173/2552). According to 48.6% (84/173) of the respondents, neurosurgery clinical practices are based on less evidence than other medical specialties and not enough high-quality evidence is available; however, 84.4% (146/173) of the respondents believed neurosurgery is amenable to evidence. Of the respondents, 59.0% (102/173) considered the neurosurgical guidelines in their hospital to be based on high-quality evidence, most of whom considered their own treatments to be based on high-quality (level I and/or level II) data (84.3%, 86/102; significantly more than for the neurosurgeons who did not consider the hospital guidelines to be based on high-quality evidence: 55%, 12/22; P<.001). Also, more neurosurgeons with formal training believed they could understand, criticize, and interpret statistical outcomes presented in journals than those without formal training (93%, 56/60 and 68%, 57/84 respectively; P<.001). Conclusions According to the respondents, neurosurgery is based on high-quality evidence less often than other medical specialties. The results of the survey indicate that formal training in evidence-based medicine would enable neurosurgeons to better understand, criticize, and interpret statistical outcomes presented in journals.
Meningeal Lymphatic Vessel Flow Runs Countercurrent to Venous Flow in the Superior Sagittal Sinus of the Human Brain

The recent report of the existence of meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) in human and nonhuman primates used both histology and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Many questions about the physiology and function of these lymphatic vessels remain unanswered. Through the combination of appropriately positioned saturation bands and time-of-flight angiography sequences, MRI can resolve direction of flow within vessels without the use of exogenous contrast agent. Six healthy volunteers underwent high-resolution MRI of the MLVs running alongside the superior sagittal sinus to determine the direction of the lymphatic flow. In all subjects, the lymphatic flow was posterior to anterior, countercurrent to the direction of venous flow in the superior sagittal sinus and alongside the superior sagittal sinus. This flow strongly supports that a large proportion of the CNS lymphatic flow in humans is directed to the cribriform plate. The countercurrent direction of flow in the MLVs relative to venous flow in the superior sagittal sinus has implications for modeling flow of fluid and solutes across the various compartments of the CNS. A hypothetical compartmental model incorporating countercurrent flow is presented here.
Antimicrobial peptides modulate long-term memory

Antimicrobial peptides act as a host defense mechanism and regulate the commensal microbiome. To obtain a comprehensive view of genes contributing to long-term memory we performed mRNA sequencing from single Drosophila heads following behavioral training that produces long-lasting memory. Surprisingly, we find that two immune peptides with antimicrobial activity, Diptericin B and Gram-Negative Bacteria Binding Protein like 3, regulate long-term but not short-term memory or instinctive behavior in Drosophila. The cellular requirement of these two peptides is distinct: head fat body for DptB, and neurons for GNBP-like3. That antimicrobial peptides influence memory provides a novel example of the emerging link between the immune and nervous systems and reveals that some immune peptides may have been repurposed in the nervous system.
Progression and prognostic value of ECT2 in non-small-cell lung cancer and its correlation with PCNA

Purpose Epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (ECT2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, which is involved in cell division regulation and cell cycle modulation. Recent evidence indicates that ECT2 is overexpressed in many human cancers. However, the exact prognostic value of ECT2 in lung cancer has not been elucidated. Patients and methods In the current study, we performed correlation and prognosis analyses using public databases and conducted immunohistochemical staining in tissue microarrays, using samples from 204 lung cancer patients with survival data. Results We found that the expression of ECT2 was markedly increased in lung cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. Moreover, we demonstrated that the expression of ECT2 was related to tumor cell differentiation degree, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and prognosis in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A correlation analysis indicated that ECT2 levels were significantly correlated with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) levels in NSCLC. Furthermore, Kaplan–Meier analyses revealed that high ECT2 expression was associated with unfavorable overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in NSCLC patients. Conclusion Taken together, these results indicate that the overexpression of ECT2 contributes to tumor invasion and progression, suggesting that ECT2 is a potential prognostic marker for NSCLC patients.
Postcranial Skeletal Differences in Free‐Range and Captive‐Born Primates

Skeletal morphology is important in evolutionary, genetic, developmental, physiological, and functional studies. Although samples from free‐ranging individuals may be preferable, constraints of sample size, demography, or conservation status may necessitate the inclusion of captive‐born individuals. Captivity may be associated with physical, physiological, or behavioral differences that may affect skeletal form. This study assesses differences in postcranial skeletal form between free‐range and captive‐born Macaca mulatta and Saguinus oedipus. Samples included free‐range M. mulatta from Cayo Santiago (Caribbean Primate Research Center) and captive‐born macaques from the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center. S. oedipus samples included free‐range born and captive‐born individuals from the Oak Ridge Associated Universities Marmoset Research Center. Twenty‐four dimensions of various bones, including the scapula, upper limb, innominate and lower limb, were recorded for adults. Age of epiphyseal closure was recorded for immature captive‐born M. mulatta. Analysis of variance and principal component analyses tested significant differences between free‐range born and captive‐born individuals in each species. Significant differences were present in size and shape of postcrania between free‐range and captive‐born within taxa. Free‐range macaques were larger than captive‐born macaques, but this pattern did not consistently carry over to the Saguinus samples. Shape differences, while present throughout the skeleton, were especially prominent in the scapula. Differences in developmental timing, nutrition, and physical activity can be expected to contribute to the observed differences in postcranial skeletal form. These differences should be considered when captive‐born primates are included in morphological or evolutionary studies. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 302:761–774, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ameliorative effects of Saussurea lappa root aqueous extract against Ethephon‐induced reproductive toxicity in male rats

This study was designed to evaluate protective effect of Saussurea lappa root aqueous extract against Ethephon (2‐chloroethylphosphonic acid)‐induced reproductive toxicity in rats. Control group received distilled water. Second group was given S. lappa extract at a dose 50 mg/kg bw. Third group was given Ethephon at a dose 200 mg/kg bw. Fourth, fifth, and sixth groups were given S. lappa extract before, with or after Ethephon administration, respectively. Ethephon intoxication significantly decreased serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and prolactin. Also, it significantly decreased sperms count, vitality, morphology index, total motility, progressive motility, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen protein expressions in spermatogonia. However, it significantly increased sperms abnormalities, testicular tissue and DNA damages, P53 protein expressions, noprogressive motility, and immotile sperms. In contrast, S. lappa extract ameliorated these alterations. These results indicated that S. lappa had potential preventive and curative effects against Ethephon‐induced reproductive toxicity in rats.
Virtual Reality Tool Simulates MRI Experience

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an extremely useful tool for the detection and characterization of numerous pathologic processes. Although patients can benefit from the use of MRI, claustrophobia is a major issue in some cases. This fear alone can lead to cancellation of the scanning procedure in some cases and the need for conscious sedation in others. Patient anxiety during the scan can also lead to increased motion-related artifacts on the images with associated degradation of the diagnostic quality of the study. To alleviate these problems, our team developed a virtual reality (VR) tool (app) to educate patients about MRI and simulate the experience of actually being scanned. The app is totally immersive and incorporates both the visual and auditory sensations that patients encounter during an MRI scan. Patients also learn about potential conditions and implanted devices that may preclude the safe performance of the examination. This VR tool not only educates patients about MRI and its importance in their care, but also allows them to virtually experience what it is like to have a MRI scan. This technology has the potential to decrease both claustrophobic cancellations and patient anxiety before a MRI scan.
Advances in the Treatment of Mycoses in Pediatric Patients

The main indications for antifungal drug administration in pediatrics are reviewed as well as an update of the data of antifungal agents and antifungal policies performed. Specifically, antifungal therapy in three main areas is updated as follows: (a) Prophylaxis of premature neonates against invasive candidiasis; (b) management of candidemia and meningoencephalitis in neonates; and (c) prophylaxis, empiric therapy, and targeted antifungal therapy in children with primary or secondary immunodeficiencies. Fluconazole remains the most frequent antifungal prophylactic agent given to high-risk neonates and children. However, the emergence of fluconazole resistance, particularly in non-albicans Candida species, should be considered during preventive or empiric therapy. In very-low birth-weight neonates, although fluconazole is used as antifungal prophylaxis in neonatal intensive care units (NICU’s) with relatively high incidence of invasive candidiasis (IC), its role is under continuous debate. Amphotericin B, primarily in its liposomal formulation, remains the mainstay of therapy for treating neonatal and pediatric yeast and mold infections. Voriconazole is indicated for mold infections except for mucormycosis in children >2 years. Newer triazoles-such as posaconazole and isavuconazole-as well as echinocandins, are either licensed or under study for first-line or salvage therapy, whereas combination therapy is kept for refractory cases.
Keyphrase Extraction : Extracting Candidates with Semi-supervised Data Augmentation

Keyphrase extraction can provide effective ways of organizing scientific documents. For this task, neural-based methods usually suffer from performance unstability due to data scarcity. In this paper, we adopt the pipeline two-step method including candidate extraction and keyphrase ranking, where candidate extraction is a key to influence the whole performance. In the candidate extraction step, to overcome the low-recall problem of traditional rule-based method, we propose a novel semi-supervised data augmentation method, where a neural-based tagging model and a discriminative classifier boost each other and get more confident phrases as candidates. With more reasonable candidates, keyphrase are identified with recall promoted. Experiments on SemEval 2017 Task 10 show that our model can achieve competitive results.