Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prioritized Health Literacy and Clear Communication Practices For Health Care Professionals

Background: Health care professionals need more and better training about health literacy and clear communication to provide optimal care to populations with low health literacy. A large number of health literacy and clear communication practices have been identified in the literature, but health professions educators, administrators, and policymakers have lacked guidance regarding which practices should be prioritized among members of the health care workforce. Objective: This study sought to prioritize recommended health literacy and clear communication practices for health care professionals. Methods: A Q-sort consensus method was used among 25 health literacy experts to rank a previously identified list of 32 health literacy and clear communication practices for health care professionals. Mean ratings for each of the 32 practices were compared using t-tests. Key Results: Mean ratings for the 32 practices fell along a spectrum from higher to lower importance. The eight top-rated practices formed a cluster, and seven of these items demonstrated clear consensus, whereas one item may have been influenced by one or more outlier rankings. Conclusions: Although a large number of health literacy and clear communication practices have been recommended in the literature for health care professionals, this is the first known study to rank such practices in terms of importance. The top-rated items can be considered a core set of practices that all health care professionals should learn and routinely use in clinical settings. These consensus opinion results will help health professions educators, administrators, and policymakers to direct potentially limited resources toward improving training in patient-centered communication, and when designing curricula, practice standards, care delivery models, and policies for health care professionals and systems to improve patient outcomes. Future studies should empirically confirm the relative value of the ranked items in terms of patient-centered outcomes. [Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2017;1(3):e90–e99. ] Plain Language Summary: This is the first study to rank the most important things that health care workers can do to communicate more clearly with patients. A group of 25 experts ranked 32 items in order of importance. The list can be used to improve training for health care workers.
Manipulating Overlapping of Bangap in One-Dimensional Complex Photonic Crystal Composed of Anisotropic Material

The band structure of one-dimensional complex photonic crystals composed of anisotropic media is computed and analyzed using a 4 4× transfer matrix method. The overlapping of band structure has been investigated in detail. Numerical results indicate that through altering the relative orientation of the optical axes of the adjacent layers, it is possible to adjust and extend bandgap of the photonic band structure. Keywordsphotonic crystal; anisotropy; 4 4 × transfer matrix method
Protein C Deficiency: A Database of Mutations

From the lHemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, University, Hospital, Leiden, The Netherlands; the 2lstituto di Chimica Biologica, Universitd degli Studi furrara, Ferrara, ltaly; the3Laboratoire Hemostase, Hdpital Broussais, Paris, France; the 4Department of Biochemistry University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA; the 5Department of Molecular Genetics, Hospital Duran i Reynals, l. R.O. , Barcelona, Spain; and the 6Charter Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Thrombosis Research lnstitute, London, UK
Reflections on Replications

We are immensely pleased to see a publication dedicated to replications in the IS field (Dennis and Valacich, 2014). We believe it is long overdue and will serve a useful and path breaking function in the Information Systems discipline and, perhaps, in the larger academic community (Berthon, et al., 2002). Toward that end, we share our particular view of replication: why it is important and how various types of replications may co-exist. We also offer some thoughts about ways that researchers might go about this type of research that will add value to their own work and more effectively add value to the body of knowledge that represents the IS discipline.
Autologous Fat Grafting - Factors of Influence on the Therapeutic Results

The correction of soft tissue defects has always been a challenge for plastic surgery. In the different stages of its historical development these problems has been solved by a variety of complicated techniques or filler materials some of which proved in time not only to be ineffective but even harmful for the human body. The ideal filler should be physically and chemically stable, long lasting and immobile in body, nonimmunogenic, noninfectious, nonpyogenic and nonallergic, should not require pretesting and should be cheap and easily stored. Some of these characteristics has been defined back in 1953 (Scales, 1953) but still there is no consensus regarding the perfect injectable material. Nowadays, despite of the growing number of alloproducts, the autologous fat grafting is recognized as one of the basic methods for soft tissue defects correction. It represents a three staged procedure of aspiration, purification and reimplantation of fat cells (Mojallal et al, 2004). The considerable presence of adipose tissue in the body and its autogenous origin guarantying advantages as biocompatibility, structure stability and polyvalent usage are reasons for the growing popularity of this intervention and its broading spectrum of indications. Nevertheless there are still a lot of controversies and unsolved questions regarding the autologous fat grafting. Its efficiency is still often doubted due to the variable resorption rates and the unpredictability of the post operative outcomes. In attempts of optimizing the results many surgical techniques have been created (Billings at al., 1989; Mojallal, Foyatier, 2004). The new concepts were built on attempts to avoid excessive pressure changes during harvesting and reimplantation, improving the means of purification from potential local inflammation promotors, and application in a fashion that assures sufficient nutritional sources (Mojallal, Foyatier, 2004; Shiffman, Mirrafati, 2001). Though none of the newly invented techniques is considered optimal a consensus has been reached on some stages of the technical implementation of autologous fat grafting such as manual syringe lipoaspiration and threedimensional reimplantation (Niechajev, Sevcuk, 1994; Coleman, 2001; Jauffret et al., 1994; Lalikos et al., 1997; Moore et al., 1995; Novaes et al., 1995). To date the optimal method of transplant purification still remains unclear as well as the impact on the therapeutic results of factors as combination with other interventions, intraoperative extent of correction and the need of numerous transplantations as methods counteracting the postoperative resorption. At the same time the growing knowledge on adipose tissue and the revealed
Adeno‐associated parvoviruses inhibit growth of cells derived from malignant human tumors

Infection of freshly established malignant human tumor cells with the adeno‐associated viruses AAV‐2 or AAV‐5 inhibits cell proliferation. Normal human fibroblasts are also affected, but appear to partially escape the inhibition. In cell cultures of permanent lines of human and rodent origin, cell number reduction could not be observed. The AAV‐mediated influence on cell growth is not due to helper‐independent replication of the virus, since neither of the cell cultures supported AAV propagation in the absence of a viral helper.
Interactions Between Macrophages of Guinea Pigs and Salmonellae II. Phagocytosis of Salmonella typhimurium by Macrophages of Normal Guinea Pigs

Peritoneal macrophages from normal guinea pigs were allowed to phagocytize Salmonella typhimurium in vitro. The extent of phagocytosis was determined by quantitative viable counts of the bacteria released after lysis of the phagocytes with sodium deoxycholate. It was shown that the avirulent strain RIA of salmonellae was more susceptible to ingestion by macrophages than the virulent strain SR-11. The presence of immune serum in the phagocytic mixture greatly enhanced the extent with which strain SR-11 was phagocytized. Also, the virulent bacteria recovered from infected mice exhibited a greater resistance to phagocytosis than those maintained in artificial media.
Understanding Smart Cities as Social Machines

Smart Cities denote a stronger integration of information technology into the organisation of a city and the interaction and participation of its citizens. In developing the concept further, we propose to understand Smart Cities through the lens of Social Machines and thus stronger focus on the city as a socio-technical construct. We draw from an interdisciplinary background of computer science and urban planning to reexamine and combine existing theories and find a common understanding. We substantiate our claim to the validity of the concept of Smart-City-as-a-Social-Machine with a thorough literature study and comparison. We discuss the resulting system complexity issues and ways to address them. We further propose areas where this understanding can be useful in furthering research on both the Smart City and the Social Machine topics.
Role of caspases in immunotoxin-induced apoptosis of cancer cells.

Immunotoxins composed of antibodies linked to plant or bacterial toxins are being evaluated in the treatment of cancer. It is known that the toxin moieties of immunotoxins, including Pseudomonasexotoxin A (PE), diphtheria toxin, and ricin, are capable of inducing apoptosis. Since the efficiency of induction of apoptosis and the apoptosis pathway may have direct effects on the therapeutic usefulness of immunotoxins, we have studied how B3(Fv)-PE38, a genetically engineered immunotoxin in which the Fv fragment of an antibody is fused to a mutated form of PE, induces apoptosis of the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. We show for the first time that a PE-containing immunotoxin activates ICE/ced-3 proteases, now termed caspases, and causes characteristic cleavage of the "death substrate" poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP) to an 89 kDa fragment with a time course of cleavage comparable to that induced by TNFalpha. Also the fluorescent substrate, DEVD-AFC, is cleaved 2-4-fold more rapidly by lysates from B3(Fv)-PE38 treated MCF-7 cells than untreated control cells, suggesting that a CPP32-like caspase is involved in B3(Fv)-PE38-mediated apoptosis. B3(Fv)-PE38-induced PARP cleavage is inhibited by several protease inhibitors known to inhibit caspases (zVAD-fmk, zDEVD-fmk, zIETD-fmk) as well as by overexpression of Bcl-2 providing additional evidence for caspase involvement. zVAD-fmk, a broad spectrum inhibitor of most mammalian caspases, prevents the early morphological changes and loss of cell membrane integrity produced by B3(Fv)-PE38, but not its ability to inhibit protein synthesis, arrest cell growth, and subsequently kill cells. Despite inhibition of apoptosis, the immunotoxin is still capable of selective cell killing, which indicates that B3(Fv)-PE38 kills cells by two mechanisms: one requires caspase activation, and the other is due to the arrest of protein synthesis caused by inactivation of elongation factor 2. The fact that an immunotoxin can specifically kill tumor cells without the need of inducing apoptosis makes such agents especially valuable for the treatment of cancers that are protected against apoptosis, e.g., by overexpression of Bcl-2.
Assessing women's health needs

It has been argued that women have specific health needs aside from those of the community as a whole. As a consequence, a move towards increased “earmarked” funding for women's health has occurred. However, some debate exists about the areas of women's health that are most in need of additional funding and about appropriate mechanisms to determine priority areas. The present study explored community perceptions of women's health needs. A sample of 157 women, who had been selected at random, were asked a series of questions about the health and social problems that are experienced by women. The questions assessed the self‐reported prevalence of the problems and asked women to nominate those problems which were priorities for them personally, and for Australian women in general. The areas that were identified as priorities by this community survey were compared with those that were identified by means of other methods of needs analysis.
Binding number and minimum degree for k-factors

In this paper, we study mixed conditions on the binding number and the minimum degree of a graph G that guarantee the existence of a k-factor in G. Among others, we prove that a graph G of order n with δ(G) ⩾ cn and bind(G) > (2 − 3c)/(1 − c), where c is any fixed number, has a 2-factor.
A prospective longitudinal study on periodontal bone height changes in a Swedish population.

BACKGROUND, AIMS This investigation was performed to assess longitudinal changes in periodontal bone height in an adult population over a period of 17 years. METHODS In 1973, a random sample of 1000 individuals aged 3-70 years in the city of Jönköping, Sweden, was examined clinically and radiographically to assess dental status and treatment needs. Out of the 574 dentate individuals 15-60 years, 433 accepted the invitation and were re-examined in 1989-91, 4 were edentulous and the study therefore finally included 429 dentate individuals. The examination included full mouth plaque and gingivitis scores and bone height measurements on full mouth intra-oral radiographs. All age groups except the youngest had very good oral hygiene with 50% or more having plaque and gingivitis scores below 20%. RESULTS From the age of 20, there was a general pattern of bone height reduction over time corresponding to an annual loss of around 0.1 mm. From the age of 30 years, about 80% of the population had one or more sites with bone loss of 10% or more. Very few individuals, about 5%, exhibited an individual mean bone loss of 2 mm or more. 17% had > or =6 such sites indicating destructive periodontal disease. These individuals and sites could not be identified in advance based only on previous disease experience.
The use of killed vaccines in immunization against an intracellular parasite: Toxoplasma gondii.

The pretreatment of mice with antigens prepared from killed Toxoplasma gondii induced long term protection against challenge with this organism. Resistance was measured in terms of length of survival and number of deaths following challenge with graded doses of the relatively avirulent C56 strain of Toxoplasma, and was observed when antigen was administered alone or incorporated into Freund's incomplete adjuvant. Freund's complete adjuvant also afforded significant protection. A protective role for humoral antibody was observed as significant resistance following the passive transfer of high titer anti-Toxoplasma antisera.
The Subchondral Split Line Patterns of the Medial Coronoid Process in Canine Ulnae

The subchondral split line patterns of the canine medial coronoid process (MCP) were compared with fragmentation line patterns of the MCP in case of elbow dysplasia. Split line patterns were determined in paired ulnae from the killed 26 large‐breed dogs ranging in age between 0.8 and 15 years and in two ulnae affected by fragmentation of the MCP. The macerated ulnae were degreased with methylene chloride and decalcified in 5% nitric acid. The subchondral bony layer was pierced at right angles in regular intervals using a round needle that was dipped in black liquid acrylic colour. Three main types of split line patterns could be differentiated (i.e. a sagittal type, a transverse type and an intermediate type). In the sagittal type, split lines were aligned in parallel to the lateral border and at right angles to the rim of the tip and medial border of the MCP. In the transverse type, split lines were orientated in a transverse line to both collateral borders. The intermediate type was characterized as a transition type between sagittal and transverse type as the split lines were aligned obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the MCP. These three types corresponded well with the fissure and fragmentation line patterns of the MCP. The present findings strongly suggest an association between split line pattern and type of fragmentation of the MCP.
Hepatic OATP and OCT uptake transporters: their role for drug-drug interactions and pharmacogenetic aspects

Uptake transporters in the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes are important for the hepatobiliary elimination of drugs. Further, since drug-metabolizing enzymes are located intracellularly, uptake into hepatocytes is a prerequisite for their subsequent metabolism. Therefore, alteration of uptake transporter function (e.g., by concomitantly administered drugs or due to functional consequences of genetic variations, leading to reduced transport function) may result in a change in drug pharmacokinetics. In this review, we focus on the hepatocellularly expressed members of the OATP and OCT family, their impact on transport-mediated drug-drug interactions, and on the functional consequences of variations in genes encoding these transporters.
Seroreactivity to Chlamydia trachomatis Hsp10 Correlates with Severity of Human Genital Tract Disease

ABSTRACT We have identified the chlamydial heat shock protein Hsp10 as a potential correlate to the immunopathogenic process in women with tubal factor infertility (TFI). The human serologic response to chlamydial Hsp10, Hsp60, and major outer membrane protein (MOMP) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Three populations of women were studied: uninfected controls (CU), acutely infected (AI) women, and women with TFI. Sera from women in the AI and TFI groups both recognized Hsp10 more frequently and at a higher overall level than sera from healthy uninfected controls. Moreover, the infertile women had significantly greater Hsp10 seroreactivity than acutely infected women, indicating a concomitant increase of Hsp10 recognition in populations with increasing levels of disease severity. Hsp60 reactivity showed a similar correlation in these populations, while MOMP reactivity peaked at the same level in both AI and TFI populations but did not increase with disease severity. Test populations were standardized by level of reactivity to formalin-fixed Chlamydia trachomatis elementary bodies (EBs) to address whether these associations were reflections of increased overall chlamydial exposure rather than a property specific to Hsp10. Associations between Hsp10 seropositivity and TFI were greater in the EB+ subgroup while associations among the EB− subgroup were diminished. When restricted to the EB+ subgroups, Hsp60 and MOMP responses in the TFI population did not increase significantly over the level of AI group responses. Thus, among women with similar exposure to chlamydiae, the serologic response to Hsp10 exhibited a stronger correlation with TFI than did the response to Hsp60 or MOMP. These findings support the hypothesis that the serological response toC. trachomatis heat shock proteins is associated with the severity of disease and identifies Hsp10 as an antigen recognized by a significant proportion of women with TFI.
Doxorubicin and paclitaxel versus fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide as first-line therapy for women with metastatic breast cancer: final results of a randomized phase III multicenter trial.

PURPOSE This phase III trial compared the efficacy and safety of doxorubicin and paclitaxel (AT) to 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (FAC) as first-line therapy for women with metastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 267 women with metastatic breast cancer were randomized to receive either AT (doxorubicin 50 mg/m(2) followed 24 hours later by paclitaxel 220 mg/m(2)) or FAC (5-fluorouracil 500 mg/m(2), doxorubicin 50 mg/m(2), cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m(2)), each administered every 3 weeks for up to eight cycles. Patients had to have measurable disease and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 2. Only one prior non-anthracycline, nontaxane-containing adjuvant chemotherapy regimen was allowed. RESULTS Overall response rates for patients randomized to AT and FAC were 68% and 55%, respectively (P =.032). Median time to progression and overall survival were significantly longer for AT compared with FAC (time to progression 8.3 months v 6.2 months [P =.034]; overall survival 23.3 months v 18.3 months [P =.013]). Therapy was generally well-tolerated (median of eight cycles delivered in each arm). Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia was more common with AT than with FAC (89% v 65%; P <.001); however, the incidence of fever and infection was low. Grade 3 or 4 arthralgia and myalgia, peripheral neuropathy, and diarrhea were more common with AT, whereas nausea and vomiting were more common with FAC. The incidence of cardiotoxicity was low in both arms. CONCLUSION AT conferred a significant advantage in response rate, time to progression, and overall survival compared with FAC. Treatment was well-tolerated with no unexpected toxicities.
Partial nephrectomy online: a preliminary evaluation of the quality of health information on the Internet

Study Type – Therapy (evaluation of information materials) Level of Evidence 3b What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Patients are highly likely to access the Internet for health information, and studies have reported that inaccurate or low‐quality information may alter patients’ expectations and negatively impact informed decision‐making. In a unique collaboration with the Health On the Internet (HON) Foundation, we evaluated the top 20 search results for the urology search term ‘partial nephrectomy,’ and identified the highest and lowest scoring criteria to increase awareness of areas of concern and improvement.
Yield of Endoscopy in Pediatric Gastroparesis.

OBJECTIVES To quantify the diagnostic yield of upper endoscopy in children with gastroparesis and to develop a clinical model for gastroparesis using common symptoms and screening blood tests. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed charts of 196 patients aged 4-18yrs evaluated for gastroparesis between 2009 and 2013. All patients completed a standard solid-phase gastric emptying scan and upper endoscopy within a 12-month period. We analyzed gross and histologic endoscopy findings. Symptom-based data were collected on dyspeptic symptoms and classic "red-flag" symptoms. RESULTS Seventy patients with gastroparesis and 126 controls were included. Clinically significant endoscopic findings were noted in 35% of controls (44/126) and 43% of gastroparetics (30/70), P = 0.345. Concordance between gross and histologic findings was low at 50%. Histologic findings included gastritis 60% (17/28), esophagitis 39% (11/28), and duodenitis 7% (2/28). In univariate and multivariate analyses, there was no meaningful correlation between symptoms and/or screening laboratory values and diagnosis of gastroparesis. CONCLUSIONS Clinically significant endoscopy findings were common in both controls and gastroparetics. As more than one third of patients had findings on endoscopy, we conclude that upper endoscopy remains an important part of the evaluation process of patients with dyspeptic symptoms and suspected gastroparesis. As gross abnormalities were frequently not present with histologic changes, routine biopsy is required. There was no association between studied symptoms and the presence of gastroparesis. A comprehensive evaluation of children with dyspeptic symptoms requires endoscopy with biopsy and solid-phase gastric emptying scan to determine the underlying diagnosis.