Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of dietary crude protein level on performance and lysine requirements of male broiler chickens

An experiment was conducted to evaluate crude protein level on lysine requirements and performance of male broiler chickens. From 21 to 42 day old chicks were fed one combination of dietary lysine and CP (18, 20 and 22% crude protein and 0.08, 0.9, 1 and 1.1% lysine) in a diet containing 3.200 kcal/kg ME. Variables measured consisted of feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, percentage of fat pad carcass, breast and thigh weight. The lysine requirement was estimated by broken line methodology based on body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass and breast weight recorded in the grower period. There were significant effects of crude protein level on body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and percentage of fat pad that existed. The body weight gain and feed intake increased and percentage of fat pad decreased as crude protein increased in the diet. However, increasing lysine in the diets significantly increased body weight gain, breast meat, thigh and carcass weight and decreased feed conversion ratio and percentage of fat. Body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass weight and percentage of fat pad were significantly affected by lysine × crude protein interaction. Predicted lysine requirements for body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass and breast meat weight with increasing crude protein level were increased as percentage of the diet. The quadratic-broken line model estimated higher requirements than the straight-broken line model for all response criteria. The highest (1.097±0.073) and the lowest (0.907±0.0046) lysine requirement with straight-broken line analysis were estimated for breast meat weight at 22% crude protein level and body weight gain at 18% crude protein, respectively. The results suggest that lysine requirement affected by dietary crude protein level, and for estimation lysine requirement must be defined best criterion response. Key words: Lysine, crude protein, broiler, broken line.
Nestling and Adult Diet of the Willie Wagtail Rhipidura leucophrys Near Madang, Papua New Guinea

The Willie Wagtail Rhipidura leucophrys is a common species in most man-made habitats in New Guinea (Coates 1990) but its food preferences have not been studied in detail (Clapp 1982). Cameron (1985) studied habitat preferences, foraging ecology and food of adult Willie Wagtails in Australia. Our analysis of their diet is part of a more extensive study of a Willie Wagtail population in optimal (high breeding density) but highly changed habitat at the northern limit of its geographical range (Dyrcz 1994).
A LA–ICP–MS EVALUATION OF Zr RESERVOIRS IN COMMON CRUSTAL ROCKS: IMPLICATIONS FOR Zr AND Hf GEOCHEMISTRY, AND ZIRCON-FORMING PROCESSES

The results of ~4000 LA–ICP–MS analyses in 152 thin sections from common crustal rocks reveal that several rock-forming minerals contain tens to a few thousand ppm of Zr. The highest concentrations of Zr are found in xenotime, followed by titanite, ilmenite, rutile, allanite, amphibole, clinopyroxene, garnet, magnetite and, less commonly, plagioclase, K-feldspar and orthopyroxene. Olivine, cordierite, biotite, muscovite, apatite, epidote and monazite have low levels of Zr (<5 ppm, generally <1 ppm). The minerals with the highest K D Hf/ K D Zr are titanite (2.5), orthopyroxene (2.0), amphibole and clinopyroxene (1.8), and epidote and rutile (1.6–1.7). Ilmenite, magnetite, the feldspars and apatite have K D Hf/ K D Zr ≈1, and values less than one were found in xenotime and zircon (0.8), garnet (0.7), and allanite (0.6). The most important implications of these results follow. First, the growth of a Zr-bearing phase during partial melting does not influence the Zr concentration of the melt, but increases the fraction of zircon that can be dissolved at a given temperature. This accelerates the disappearance of zircon from the protolith or, in melts already segregated, the dissolution of inherited zircon. The effect will be more marked in metaluminous magmas precipitating amphibole and titanite than in any other type of magma. Second, the presence of Zr-bearing phases has little influence of the zircon-saturation “geothermometer”. It may cause somewhat higher (20–30°C) results in metaluminous rocks, but has no effect on peraluminous rocks. Third, the uptake of Zr by major minerals in crystallizing magmas may reduce both the concentration of Zr in the melt available to form zircon and the temperature at which zircon begins to precipitate. Mineral–melt reactions involving Zr-bearing phases may lead to zircon grains with complicated patterns of zoning and texturally discordant zones, apparently diachronous. Fourth, higher-than-chondrite Zr/Hf fractionates may arise from titanite, amphibole or clinopyroxene fractionation, but this requires very little or no crystallization of zircon. Significantly lower-than-chondrite Zr/Hf magmas only result from zircon fractionation. Lastly, two new examples of mineral reactions that involve the formation of a mass-balancing accessory phase, useful for high-resolution geochronology, are described: the formation of xenotime as a product of the breakdown of garnet in amphibolite-grade metapelites, and the subsolidus growth of a new rim on zircon included in Zr-bearing feldspars.
Learning shape spaces of dressed 3D human models in motion

The 3D virtual representations of dressed humans appear in movies, video games and since recently, VR contents. To generate these representations, we usually perform 3D acquisitions or synthesize sequences with physics-based simulation or other computer graphics techniques such as rigging and skinning. These traditional methods generally require tedious manual intervention and generate new contents with low speed or low quality, due to the complexity of clothing motion. To deal with this problem, we propose in this work, a data-driven learning approach, which can take both captures and simulated sequences as learning data, and output unseen 3D shapes of dressed human with different body shape, body motion, clothing fit and clothing materials.Due to the lack of temporal coherence and semantic information, raw captures can hardly be used directly for analysis and learning. Therefore, we first propose an automatic method to extract the human body under clothing from unstructured 3D sequences. It is achieved by exploiting a statistical human body model and optimizing the model parameters so that the body surface stays always within while as close as possible to the observed clothed surface throughout the sequence. We show that our method can achieve similar or better result compared with other state-of-the-art methods, and does not need any manual intervention.After extracting the human body under clothing, we propose a method to register the clothing surface with the help of isometric patches. Some anatomical points on the human body model are first projected to the clothing surface in each frame of the sequence. Those projected points give the starting correspondence between clothing surfaces across a sequence. We isometrically grow patches around these points in order to propagate the correspondences on the clothing surface. Subsequently, those dense correspondences are used to guide non-rigid registration so that we can deform the template mesh to obtain temporal coherence of the raw captures.Based on processed captures and simulated data, we finally propose a comprehensive analysis of the statistics of the clothing layer with a simple two-component model. It is based on PCA subspace reduction of the layer information on one hand, and a generic parameter regression model using neural networks on the other hand, designed to regress from any semantic parameter whose variation is observed in a training set, to the layer parameterization space. We show that our model not only allows to reproduce previous re-targeting works, but generalizes the data synthesizing capabilities to other semantic parameters such as body motion, clothing fit, and physical material parameters, paving the way for many kinds of data-driven creation and augmentation applications.
A case study of species assessment in invasion biology: the Village Weaverbird Ploceus cucullatus

A case study of species assessment in invasion biology: the Village Weaverbird Ploceus cucullatus. — Application of recent insights gained in invasion biology to particular species may aid in addressing a central problem of the field, that of prediction of the dynamics of future introduction and invasion. The Village Weaverbird (Ploceus cucullatus) is concluded to be a potential invader of concern in several regions, especially the Mediterranean, Caribbean, and southeastern United States. This conclusion is supported by the introduction and invasion history of the species, factors concluded in recent reviews and quantitative studies to correlate with introduction success or invasiveness in birds, the species’ agricultural pest status in its current range, and a published rating system. A proactive stance is recommended since control efforts have met with little success, but certain characteristics of the Village Weaver may provide opportunities for management.
Adapting Community Detection Approaches to Large, Multilayer, and Attributed Networks

Natalie Stanley: Adapting community detection approaches to large, multilayer, and attributed networks (Under the direction of Peter J. Mucha) Networks have become a common data mining tool to encode relational definitions between a set of entities. Whether studying biological correlations, or communication between individuals in a social network, network analysis tools enable interpretation, prediction, and visualization of patterns in the data. Community detection is a well-developed subfield of network analysis, where the objective is to cluster nodes into ‘communities’ based on their connectivity patterns. There are many useful and robust approaches for identifying communities in a single, moderately-sized network, but the ability to work with more complicated types of networks containing extra or a large amount of information poses challenges. In this thesis, we address three types of challenging network data and how to adapt standard community detection approaches to handle these situations. In particular, we focus on networks that are large, attributed, and multilayer. First, we present a method for identifying communities in multilayer networks, where there exist multiple relational definitions between a set of nodes. Next, we provide a pre-processing technique for reducing the size of large networks, where standard community detection approaches might have inconsistent results or be prohibitively slow. We then introduce an extension to a probabilistic model for community structure to take into account node attribute information and develop a test to quantify the extent to which connectivity and attribute information align. Finally, we demonstrate example applications of these methods in biological and social networks. This work helps to advance the understand of network clustering, network compression, and the joint modeling of node attributes and network connectivity.
A note on the implementation of the finite element to solve differential equations

This paper presents the mathematical analysis of the linear interpolation equations that form a basis around the finite element method for the formulation of a global function by parts that approximates the solution of a second order ordinary differential equation. The numerical solutions for the systematic calculation are compared with three elements and 26 elements supported on a computer with the exact solution that satisfies a second order ordinary differential equation [1]. It is also intended to take the reader with the demonstrations and obtain each of the equations described in this document in such a way that the results can be reproduced manually or with specialized software [5]. 2458 Diana Marcela Devia Narvaez et al.
The Influence of Macroeconomic Factors on Primary Issues in the Brazilian Market

This research analyses the influence of the macroeconomic factors on the primary issue of stocks and debentures in the Brazilian market. Previous studies have agreed on the importance of aspects of the economic situation on a company’s capital structure, but have not established a relationship between the macroeconomic variables and the level of aggregate debt; we can mention Procianoy and Caselani (1997) and Terra (2003) as examples of this. According to Leal (2000), the limitations of the Brazilian capital market suggest that management takes advantage of moments of euphoria in the market - whether caused by a reduction in the rate of interest or by the return being offered by the equity market - to raise funds at rates that are more advantageous to the company. This characterizes the first evidence we have of opportunistic behavior influencing a company’s financing decisions. Eid Jr. (1996) provides us with the first evidence of this opportunistic behavior in his research in which 47% of those interviewed said that they chose fund sources that are economically more advantageous.
THE PHYSICAL METALLURGY OF CAST AND WROUGHT ALLOY 718

The physical metallurgy of cast and wrought alloy 718 is discussed in terms of the importance of Nb on the phase reactions found in alloy 718. The role or influence of Nb is first noted during the solidification of alloy 7 18 as the large atoms Nb, MO, and Ti segregate to the interdendritic regions where the Nb rich Laves phase forms. The Laves phase must be solutioned at high temperatures and the Nb must be distributed throughout the dendrite areas. The normal phases found in alloy 718 are the MC, TiN, delta, Laves, ? /’ and ? /. The y and ? / are the main strengthening phases and their precipitation behavior is determined primarily by the amount of Nb, the temperature and time of exposure. Any incomplete homogenization of the cast or wrought material will produce non-uniform precipitation of the delta, 1/’ and f phases during working or aging heat treatments. The longtime stability of alloy 718 is related to the stability of the 1/’ phase which transforms to delta and ? / with increasing time and temperatures. Eventually the f phase will solution and the delta phase becomes the terminal phase in the 718 system. An aCr phase is found in the grain boundaries in long time exposures in the 1100°-13500F temperature range. The Mzs C6 carbide phase normally found in Ni base alloys is not found in alloy 7 18.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Analytical Tools of the Jordanian Audit Bureau in Detecting Accounting Fraud

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of analytical procedures that are used by the Jordanian Audit Bureau in the audit process to discover accounting fraud in public institutions. In particular, the study focused on identifying what types of fraud are detected and what types of fraud are missed by the analytical tools. The study attempted to address the challenges and obstacles that the Audit Bureau faces when detecting fraud. The responsibility of the Audit Bureau in Jordan is to maintain and control public funds; this requires using analytical methods and tools to supervise, examine, audit, and review the accounting operations in these institutions. Using a convenience sampling method, the research surveyed 100 auditors in Jordan in order to assess the effectiveness of analytical procedures that are used by the Jordanian Audit Bureau in the audit process to discover accounting fraud in public institutions. The findings of this study revealed that the efficiency of the current Jordanian Audit Bureau analytical tools to detect accounting fraud in public institutions has a significant effect on the occurrence of accounting fraud in Jordanian institutions. In addition, sufficiency of the current Jordanian Audit Bureau analytical tools to detect accounting fraud in public institutions has a significant effect on the occurrence of accounting fraud in Jordanian institutions. The results also indicated that more experienced auditors tend to agree that more analytical tools are still needed to combat accounting fraud, and damaged corporate reputation increases accounting fraud.
The crisis as a wake-up call. Do banks tighten screening and monitoring standards during a financial crisis?

We examine whether the global financial crisis has prompted banks to take corrective action with regard to their screening and monitoring. By analyzing almost 15,000 syndicated loans to private borrowers across 65 countries over the period 2005-2009, we find that banks stepped up their screening and monitoring efforts in response to the crisis. This is evidenced by a significant increase in retention rates among syndicate arrangers. These higher retention rates (‘more skin in the game’) were only partially caused by increased borrower risk. They mainly reflect a more fundamental shift towards more stringent screening and monitoring during the crisis: the wake-up call effect.
Detection of 16S r RNA gene of Helicobacter pylori in patients with peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma: molecular and bacteriological study

Objective and background: It is well document Helicobacter pylori, has been a major causes of peptic ulcer, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer disease and is an early risk factor for gastric carcinoma. This study has been undertaken forisolation of Helicobacter pylori form clinical specimens using culture technique and detection the role of this technique in the investigation of H. pylori infection. Also detection of anti -H. pylori IgG using enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), further molecular detection of H. pylori genome by amplification of 16s r-ribonucleic acid gene with 520 pb by polymerase chain reaction PCR. Patients and Methods: Atotal of Eighty five adult patient attending the gastro endoscopy unit of Al- Ramadi Teaching Hospital to undergo selective esophageal gastroduodenoscopy (OGD) were studied. They were all suffering from clinical manifestation of duodenal ulcer (DU), gastric ulcer (GU), peptic ulcer (PU) and nonulcer dyspepsia (NUD). Culture and ELISA technique were used. Further molecular detect of 16 s r RNA gene was performed by PCR. Results: A total 7(8.23%) with GU, 5 (5.91%) with PU, 10 (11.75%) with DU and 28 (32.94%) patients with NUD were positive by urease test (UT). A total 3 (3.52%) patients with GU, 4 (4.71%) patients with PU and 3 (3.52%) patients with DU were positive by culture while no one of the patients of NUD was positive by culture. By using ELISA technique 18 (21.2%) patients were positive by ELISA. In the present study, the presence of Helicobacter DNA was investigated using a Helicobacter species-specific 16srRNA PCR amplification.DNA extracted from human blood and bacterial colonies. PCR showed 20(100%) of cases positive result from human blood while 6 (60%) of cases were positive result of PCR from bacterial colonies. Conclusions: The study concludedthat urease test was useful as preliminary screening test and important in give indicate for H. pylori presence. Further, the role of culture was very important in the detection of H. pylori in clinical samples. Furthermore, the immunologically bases serological test, detection of anti-H pyloriIgG by ELISA technique was undependable serological test. It can be used as preliminary screening test for detection of H. pylori in association with the other tests. FurtherPCR was sensitive and specific test for diagnosis of H. pyloriinfection.
Comparison of Models for Determining Soil-Surface Carbon Dioxide Effluxes in Different Agricultural Systems

Models of instantaneous soil-surface CO2 efflux (SCEins) are critical for understanding the potential drivers of soil C loss. Several simple SCEins models have been reported in the literature. Our objective was to compare and validate selected soil temperature (Ts)and water content (θv)-based equations for modeling SCEins among a variety of cropping systems and land management practices. Soil-surface CO2 effluxes were measured and modeled for grain-harvested corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] rotations, grainand stover-harvested continuous corn systems with and without a cover crop, and reconstructed prairies with and without N fertilization on soils with subsurface drainage. Soil-surface CO2effluxes, Ts, and θv were measured from 2008 to 2011. Models calibrated with weekly measured SCEins, Ts, and θv throughout the growing season produced lower root mean squared error (RMSE) than models calibrated with several weeks of hourly measured data. Model selection significantly affected SCEins estimations, with models that use only Tsparameters having lower RMSE than models that use both Ts and θv. However, the model that produced the lowest RMSE during validation estimated growing-season SCE that did not significantly differ from numerical integration of weekly measured SCEins. All models had similar residual errors with autocorrelated trends at monthly, weekly, and hourly scales. Autoregressive moving average functions were able to precisely describe the temporal errors. To accurately model SCEins and scale across time, improvement of temporal errors in Ts– and θv–based SCEins models is needed to obtain accurate and precise closure of C balances for managed and natural ecosystems. Disciplines Agricultural Science | Agronomy and Crop Sciences | Botany | Horticulture Comments This article is published as Daigh, Aaron L. , Thomas Sauer, Xinhua Xiao, and Robert Horton. "Comparison of Models for Determining Soil-Surface Carbon Dioxide Effluxes in Different Agricultural Systems. " Agronomy Journal 107, no. 3 (2015): 1077-1086. Rights Works produced by employees of the United States Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. This article is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/agron_pubs/313
Lobbying Under Pressure: The Effect of Salience on European Union Hedge Fund Regulation

The virulent European Union hedge fund debate led many observers to suspect a paradigmatic battle between liberal market economies and countries in favour of tighter regulation. By contrast, this article points to the economic interests that drove government agendas. However, national preferences were not defined by the aggregate of a country's economic interests, but by very specific stakeholders only, despite the existence of opponents with considerable resources. This article argues that the unequal success of financial lobbyists depended on how their demands fitted into the government's overarching negotiation strategy. The primacy of government objectives, in turn, resulted from the high saliency of financial regulation and hedge funds in particular.
Evaluation of endothelial function and thrombotic system in children whose parents had early onset coronary heart disease

Aim: Risk of MI in first-degree relatives of patients who had an acute MI prior to age of 55 years is 2-7 fold higher compared to their peers. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of some haemostatic and inflammatory markers in children whose parents had early onset (<55 years) coronary artery disease (CAD) and whether those markers were effective in indicating the risk for CAD development.
Calculation of Wood Density Variation From X-ray Densitometer Data

A method is proposed for quantifying the variation in wood density as recorded by X-ray densitometry. This method uses the sum of the squared deviations from the mean density, and so approximates a true statistical variance. This gives greater meaning to variation than has previously been described. The density variation can be computed for a single growth ring, or several growth rings. The calculations are shown using data from 11-year-old Pinus radiata trees.