Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
adults and children with hemophilia B BAX 326 ( RIXUBIS ) : a novel recombinant factor IX for the control and prevention of bleeding episodes in

Hemophilia B management has improved considerably since the introduction of high-purity plasma-derived factor IX (pdFIX) products in the early 1990s. Recombinant FIX (rFIX) was introduced more recently and has potential safety advantages over the older bloodbased products. Until recently, only one such product, nonacog alfa (BeneFIX®, Pfizer, Inc.), has been available. However, a new rFIX product, BAX326 (RIXUBIS, Baxter Healthcare Corp.), has now been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. BAX326 undergoes rigorous virus elimination and purification steps during manufacture, and has low activated FIX activity, which confers low thrombogenic potential in humans. Preclinical studies showed promising pharmacokinetic and safety profiles, and these early findings have since been expanded in a series of prospective, multicenter, clinical studies. Foremost among these is a pivotal phase I/ III study of BAX326 and its use in routine prophylaxis or on-demand treatment in patients aged 12–65 years with severe (FIX level <1%) or moderately severe (FIX level ⩽2%) hemophilia B. This study confirmed the pharmacokinetic equivalence of BAX326 and nonacog alfa, and showed a significant reduction in annualized bleeding rate with BAX326 prophylaxis compared with on-demand treatment (79% versus historic controls; p < 0.001). The hemostatic efficacy of BAX326 was rated as ‘excellent’ or ‘good’ in 96% of bleeds. BAX326 was also associated with statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in physical health-related quality of life. Results are similarly encouraging in a pediatric study in children aged up to 12 years and in a study in hemophilia B patients undergoing surgery. A further study showed safe transition, with no inhibitor formation in any patient, from treatment with a pdFIX product to BAX326. Overall, the safety profile of BAX326 in clinical trials has been strong, with no inhibitor or specific antibody formation, thrombosis, or treatment-related serious adverse events or anaphylaxis.
Phenotype and Genotype of Some Clinical Group B Streptococcus Isolates Resistant to Erythromycin in Egypt

The aim of the study was to determine susceptibility of group B streptococci (GBS) to commonly used antibiotics and to determine the phenotype of macrolide resistance correlating it with the genotype. 220 group B streptococcus strains were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity disc diffusion method to penicillin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, tetracyclines, erythromycin (E) and clindamycin (CD). Erythromycin resistance phenotype was done by double disc diffusion test. Erythromycin resistance mefA, ermB, and ermTR genes were determined using multiplex PCR. The results revealed that all strains were sensitive to penicillin, ceftriaxone and ampcillin. 161 (73%), 38 (17%) and 24 (11%) strains were resistant to tetracyclines, erythromycin and clindamycin respectively. 15 (39.5%) were resistant to E alone (M phenotype). M phenotype strains were associated with mefA gene. 23 (60.5%) isolates were resistant to both E and clindamycin (CD). 9 (23.7%) strains were inducibly resistant to clindamycin (iMLSB) and all had ermTR gene. 14 (36.8%) were constitutively resistant to clindamycin (cMLSB). cMLSB strains have different genotypes. 7 strains were ermB genotype. 4 strains were ermTR genotype. 2 strains had both ermB & ermTR genes while only one strain had both ermB & mefA genes. Only 1 strain was resistant to clindamycin but sensitive to E. MefA was detected in 16 (42%) E resistant strains. ErmTR was also detected in 16 (42%) E resistant strains. ErmB was detected in 10 (26%) E resistant strains. 31(82%) E resistant strains contain single resistance gene while 7(18%) resistant strains contain more than one resistance gene. The study findings conclude that GBS isolates remain uniformly susceptible to penicillin and ampicillin but he erythromycin resistance has reached substantial level. The study recommends that testing of susceptibility to erythromycin and clindamycin by double disc diffusion method should be performed in individual cases when considered as alternatives for prophylaxis and treatment of GBS infection or colonization because strains with inducible MLSB cannot be detected with the conventional disc diffusion method.
Impacts of regulated competition on pricing in Chinese pharmaceutical market under basic medical insurance Running Head : Regulation and competition for pharmaceutical market in China

Objective: Examine the effects of regulated competition on the drug pricing in China. Methods: Based on product-level data, a regression method was employed for pricing by using data from Tianjin Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) database. The market competition measures distinguished generic competition within the same molecule from therapeutic competition within the same therapeutic class. Results: The increases in pricing are inversely related to the number of generic competitions. The generic sub-group results vary from the originator sub-group. For the generics, generic competition has a significantly reduced effect on the price; however, only therapeutic competition has a significantly reduced effect on the originator price. Conclusions: Regulated competition has a positive role in shaping the pharmaceutical market. Furthermore, regulated competition affects the price differently for the sub-groups. The promotion of competition between generic and originator in order to reap full competition benefit and reduce frictions among policies are necessary.
Corporate Restructuring and Bondholder Wealth

This paper provides an overview of existing research on how corporate restructuring affects the wealth of creditors.Restructuring is defined as any transaction that affects the firm's underlying capital structure.Thus, it reaches well beyond asset restructuring and includes transactions such as leveraged buyouts, security issues and exchanges, and the issuance of stock options.The analysis identifies significant gaps in the literature, emphasizes the potential differences between creditor wealth changes in market- and network-oriented governance systems, and provides valuable insights into methodological advances.Many issues obviously remain, as empirical evidence is still incomplete and focuses exclusively on the US.In network-oriented regimes, the potential for research remains constrained by the lesser development of bond markets that disclose information on creditor wealth shocks.Still, on-going debt securitization should now allow for the investigation of at least some critical issues.This is imperative, as the position of creditors in the firm differs substantially across governance systems despite the gradual convergence of these regimes across the world.
"Smiling and Ready to Learn:" A Qualitative Exploration of University Audit Classroom Instructors' Experience with Students with Intellectual Disabilities.

Transition postsecondary education programs for students with intellectual disabilities create supported environments to help students with intellectual and developmental disabilities transition from high school to gainful employment and independent living. In effort to be inclusive, transition programs often include an option for students to audit undergraduate courses. In order to explore the experiences of audit classroom instructors hosting an audit student, the current study conducted semi-structured interviews with nine faculty members who hosted an audit student. Thematic analysis yielded themes, which included overall experience, preparedness, suggestions for future, and uncertainty, describing the preparation for and experience of hosting an audit student as well as feedback for the program.
Measurement of online visibility and its impact on Internet traffic

The Internet landscape is an increasingly crowded space where hundreds of thousands of companies are fighting for attention. Some of these companies are universally known (Yahoo! , Amazon) while others are more obscure (Literary Guild, Just Say Wow). Regardless of their level of Internet presence, all these companies are interested in improving their position, particularly now that managers are asked to justify their online activities. To help managers assess their online presence, and give them a way to compare their position relative to their competitors, this article aims to develop a measure of a company's online visibility. Moreover, this study seeks to understand what factors drive online visibility, and how. The visibility measure we develop captures the extent to which a user is likely to come across an online reference to a company's Web site. It is based on data collected from multiple sources that include search engine results, Web-site contents, and online directory listings. It is calibrated using a large-scale telephone survey, and is validated using data obtained from Web crawlers and Internet consumer-panel sources. In the latter part of the article, we show how managers can use the visibility measure to compare the online presence of their company to their competitors’. We also show how they can use this information to perform scenario analysis aimed at finding the best way to improve their online position.
The Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern India - A Retrospective Study

Intestinal parasitic infection is one of the major health problems in several developing countries, including India (Shrihari et al., 2011). It is estimated that some 3.5 billion people are affected, and that 450 million are ill as a result of intestinal parasites and protozoan infections worldwide, the majority being children, as they cause iron deficiency anemia, growth retardation in children and other physical and mental health problems (Ganesh Kumar et al.). Intestinal parasitic infection ranges from 12.5% to 66% in India with variation in prevalence of individual parasites (Ramya Shree et al., 2015).
Molecular studies on Babesia , Theileria and Hepatozoon in southern Europe Part I . Epizootiological aspects

Molecular epizootiology of piroplasmids ( Babesiaspp.,Theileriaspp.) andHepatozoon canis was studied in mammals from southern Europe (mainly from Spain, but also from Portugal and France). Partial amplification and sequencing of the 18s rRNA gene was used for molecular diagnosis. In some particular cases ( B. ovisandB. bovis) the complete 18s rRNA gene was sequenced. Blood samples were taken from domestic animals showing clinical symptoms: 10 dogs, 10 horses, 10 cows, 9 sheep and 1 goat. In addition, DNA samples were isolated from blood of 12 healthy dogs and from spleen of 10 wild red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes ). The results of the survey were the following: • Piroplasmid infections: Approximately from 50 to 70% of wild or domestic mammals (symptomatic) were infected. • Piroplasmids detected in ruminants were: (1) Cow:B. bovis, T. annulataandTheileriasp. (type C). (2) Sheep and goat: B. ovis. • Piroplasmids present in canids were: Babesia canis vogeli , Babesia canis canis , Theileria annae andB. equi . The only piroplasmid found in asymptomatic dogs was B. equi . • Piroplasmids found in horse were: B. equiandB. canis canis . • H. canisinfections in canids: H. caniswas absent of domestic dog samples, whereas all foxes studied were infected by this protozoa. Nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper are available in the GenBank TM database under the accession numbers AY150056, AY150058 to AY150064, AY150067, AY150069 and AY150070. ∗ Corresponding author. Tel. : +34-918854728; fax: +34-918854663. E-mail address:angel.criado@uah.es (A. Criado-Fornelio). 0304-4017/03/$ – see front matter © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/S0304-4017(03)00078-5 190 A. Criado-Fornelio et al. / Veterinary Parasitology 113 (2003) 189–201 Genetic analysis showed that most of piroplasmid and Hepatozoonisolates from southern Europe matched unambigously with previously described species, as demonstrated by the high level sequence identity between them, usually between 99 and 100%. Minor differences, usually detected in hypervariable regions of 18s rRNA gene are probably due to strain variations or rare genetic polymorphisms. A possible exception was B. bovis, which shows a relatively lower degree of homology (94%) with regard to other B. bovisisolates from several countries. The same is true for B. ovis, that showed a 94% identity with regard to Babesiasp. from South African cow and a 92% with rapport toB. bovisfrom Portugal. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Spillover Effects of Credit Default Risk in the Euro Area and the Effects on the Euro: A GVAR Approach

During the 2008 financial crisis, increasing risk and spillovers became a main concern for policy makers and banks. In addition, changes in sovereign and bank risk are believed to have had strong effects on world-wide exchange rates. This paper aims to analyze these dynamics empirically. We estimate a Global VAR (GVAR) model for nine EMU countries plus Japan, the United Kingdom as well as the United States and identify structural risk shocks using sign restrictions, which are based on a theoretical model by Acharya et al. (2014, JF). Our results indicate that spillover effects of general risk are much stronger than those of bailouts. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the Euro depreciates significantly against the Yen and US Dollar following general risk shocks in the euro area and only to a small extent following bailout shocks. The Pound Sterling is not affected by any of these shocks. The Euro variability is, from the EMU perspective, mainly driven by shocks stemming from large countries (e.g. Germany, France and Italy). However, shocks from third countries also play an important role.
individuals with intellectual disabilities The mediating impact of coping style on stress perception for parents of

Research reveals that parents of individuals with intellectual disabilities experience more stress than parents of persons of normal development. The majority of previous research has measured direct relationships between stress variables and stress perception and little attention has been given to the impact of mediating variables. The present study utilized an indirect pathway model to examine the mediating influence of coping style on the relationship between social support, severity of child disability, parental optimism and stress perception for these parents. Parents of individuals receiving mental health services through an agency in Southeastern Michigan participated in the study. Results indicated that coping style partially mediated the relationship between social support and stress perception for parents of individuals with intellectual disabilities.
LONG-RUN AND SHORT-RUN RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES AND STOCK PRICES IN PAKISTAN The Case of Lahore Stock Exchange

The movements in the stock prices are an important indicator of the economy. The intention of this study was to examine long-run and short-run relationships between Lahore Stock Exchange and macroeconomic variables in Pakistan. The monthly data from December 2002 to June 2008 was used in this study. The results revealed that there was a negative impact of consumer price index on stock returns, while, industrial production index, real effective exchange rate, money supply had a significant positive effect on the stock returns in the long-run. The VECM analysis illustrated that the coefficients of ecml (-1), and ecm2 (-1) were significant with negative signs. The coefficients of both error correction terms showed high speed of adjustment. The results of variance decompositions revealed that out of five macroeconomic variables consumer price index showed greater forecast error for LSE25 Index.
Morphological and molecular characterization of L-methioninase producing Aspergillus species

Six species of L-methioninase producing Aspergillus species, isolated from Egyptian soil, were selected for comprehensive morphotypic and molecular characterization. Based on morphological and physiological features, these isolates were identified as Aspergillus flavipes , Aspergillus carneus , Aspergillus flavus , Aspergillus tamari , Aspergillus oryzae , and Aspergillus parasiticus . Regarding to the maximum enzyme productivity by A. flavipes , it was selected as authentic strain for ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) primer design. Using primer combinations for 18S rRNA and internal transcribed spacers (ITS)1 amplification, these isolates gave the same polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicon size, revealing the relative molecular identity. Moreover, using ITS2 primers, among the six isolates, Aspergillus flavipes EK and A. carneus displayed PCR products on agarose gel, approving the actual morphological and biochemical similarities of these two isolates, A. flavipes group. By sequencing of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, blasting and alignment from the data base, A. flavipes EK showed a typical identity to gene bank deposited A. flavipes isolates. The rRNA sequence of A. flavipes EK was deposited to genbank under accession number JF831014. Key words: Aspergillus , morphological descriptions, 18 S rRNA, internal transcribed spacers (ITS) regions.
Student‐teachers’ Use of Computers during Teaching Practice in Primary Classrooms

Abstract It is argued that teacher readiness is crucial to the realisation of national goals for educational computer use and that the preparation of student teachers can make an important contribution. This study investigated student‐teachers’ dispositions towards computers and their use of computers in primary‐school classrooms during a final‐year practicum. The student teachers generally viewed computers positively but lacked confidence in their knowledge of computers. While they were nervous about using computers in classrooms, almost two‐thirds did use a computer at least once during a four‐week practicum and were more likely to do so if the supervising teacher modelled such use. The most frequently experienced problems in using computers were organisational. Based on the findings of this study it is suggested that preservice courses should focus on the pedagogical issues associated with computer use and they should provide students with opportunities to observe and practise classroom computing.
Internet-memes and everyday-creativity Agency , sociability and the aesthetics of postmodernism

This study focuses on internet-memes and proposes a shift of stances in which to understand the phenomenon – from one based on memetics to one based on everyday-creativity and the aesthetics of postmodernism. In order to substantiate this shift, the following question is addressed: In which ways are internet-memes creative and not simply memetic? A selection of internet-memes is then analyzed in their semiotic and discourse attributes with focus on their aesthetic characteristics. The study concludes that through agency and sociability, the composition of internet-memes entails much more than simple imitation. It involves using familiar ideas and previous knowledge in order to make creative unfamiliar combinations; appropriating, remixing and then recontextualizing different elements into novel, amusing, unexpected, and often humorous ways, thus creating something original out of something that has been copied. In sum, internetmemes are a result of individuals playing creatively with memetic elements within the aesthetics of postmodernism.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION AND NUMERICAL MODELLING ON THE AXIAL LOADING OF JET GROUTING COLUMNS

The objective of the present paper is to analyse, by means of combined experimental investigations and numerical simula tions the load settlement response of axially loaded jet grouting columns with the aim of defining a theoretical methodolo gy for the design of jet grouting reinforced foundations. The results of a well documented experimental campaign including full scale axial loading and pull-out tests on different jet grouting columns are first presented together with preliminary investigations. Interpretation of the load settlement response is then performed by a back analysis with a finite element code. Adopted model allows interpretation of interaction between columns and surrounding soil and a back analysis of the load transfer mechanisms taking place along the shaft and the base of columns. This analysis has been conducted by focusing on the role of the characteristics of jet grouting columns. Streszczenie Przedmiotem artykulu jest przedstawienie wynikow analiz numerycznych, wykonanych dla kolumn iniekcyjnych obciązonych osiowo. Wyniki analiz numerycznych przedstawiono w polączeniu z wynikami probnych obciązen kolumn, w celu zdefiniowania teoretycznej metodologii dla projektowania zbrojonych fundamentow z kolumn iniekcyjnych. W pierwszej kolejności przedstawiono wyniki dobrze udokumentowanych doświadczen wciskania i wyciągania kolumn iniek cyjnych wraz z wstepnymi badaniami. Interpretacje krzywej „obciązenie – osiadanie” przeprowadzono wykorzystując analize wsteczną z zastosowaniem elementow skonczonych. Zaadoptowany model pozwala na interpretacje wspolpracy kolumn iniekcyjnych z otaczającym je gruntem oraz analize wsteczną mechanizmu przekazywania obciązenia przez pobocznice i podstawe kolumn. Analize numeryczną przeprowadzono z uwzglednieniem rzeczywistych wartości parametrow materialowych kolumn iniekcyjnych.
Roope Siikanen ROLE OF RESONANCES AND LOCAL FIELDS IN SECOND-ORDER NONLINEAR RESPONSE OF NANOSTRUCTURES

TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Degree programme of Science and Engineering SIIKANEN, ROOPE: Role of Resonances and Local Fields in Second-order Nonlinear Response of Nanostructures Master of Science Thesis, 57 pages November 2013 Major subject: Engineering Physics Examiners: Dr. Robert Czaplicki and Prof. Martti Kauranen
Gene and Risk of Mandibular Prognathism in Koreans Matrilin-1 Polymorphisms in the

Previous linkage analysis of an Asian population proposed possible candidate genes for mandibular prognathism, such as Matrilin-1 (cartilage matrix protein). To investigate the association between the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Matrilin-1 and mandibular prognathism, we investigated three sequence variants (-158 T>C, 7987 G>A, 8572 C>T) in 164 mandibular prognathism patients and 132 control individuals with a normal occlusion. The results showed that the 8572 TT genotypes in Matrilin-1 showed increased risk of mandibular prognathism (OR = 9.28, 95% Cl = 1.19~197.57, P < 0.05), whereas the 7987 AA genotype showed a protective effect for mandibular prognathism (OR = 0.16, 95% Cl = 0.05~0.47, P < 0.05). Genotyping results showed that the Matrilin-1 polymorphism haplotype TGC (ht4; 158T, 7987G, and 8572C alleles) had a pronounced risk effect for mandibular prognathism compared with controls (OR = 5.16, 95% Cl = 2.03~13.93, P < 0.01). The results suggest that polymorphisms in Matrilin-1 could be used as a marker for genetic susceptibility to mandibular prognathism.