Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
One-dimensional potential for image-potential states on graphene

In the framework of dielectric theory, the static non-local self-energy of an electron near an ultra-thin polarizable layer has been calculated and applied to study binding energies of image-potential states near free-standing graphene. The corresponding series of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions have been obtained by numerically solving the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation. The image-potential state wave functions accumulate most of their probability outside the slab. We find that the random phase approximation (RPA) for the non-local dielectric function yields a superior description for the potential inside the slab, but a simple Fermi–Thomas theory can be used to get a reasonable quasi-analytical approximation to the full RPA result that can be computed very economically. Binding energies of the image-potential states follow a pattern close to the Rydberg series for a perfect metal with the addition of intermediate states due to the added symmetry of the potential. The formalism only requires a minimal set of free parameters: the slab width and the electronic density. The theoretical calculations are compared with experimental results for the work function and image-potential states obtained by two-photon photoemission.
CONCENTRATION IN THE BANKING INDUSTRY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

We present an endogenous growth model with two sectors: a real sector where the final good is produced, and a banking sector that intermediates between savers and firms. Banking concentration exerts two opposite effects on growth. On the one hand, it induces economies of specialization, which is beneficial to growth. On the other hand, it results in duplication of banks' investment in fixed capital, which is detrimental to growth. The trade-off between the two opposing effects is ambiguous and can vary along the process of economic development. Hence, there is a potential nonlinear and nonmonotonic relationship between concentration and growth. We test this implication, using cross-country data on income and industry growth. We find that banking concentration is negatively associated with per-capita income growth and industrial growth only in low-income countries. This suggests that reducing concentration is more likely to promote growth in low-income countries than in high-income ones.
Identifications of cytochrome c and Apaf-1 and their mRNA expressions under heat stress in insecticide-susceptible and -resistant Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).

To study the component and gene expressions of apoptosome in the mitochondrial-associated apoptotic pathway, cytochrome c and Apaf-1 were identified in the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, collected from Fuzhou, China. The full-length cDNA of cytochrome c comprised 873 bp, including a 327 bp ORF encoding a putative protein of 108 amino acids. Two full-length cDNAs of Apaf-1, Apaf-1a and Apaf-1b, were identified. Apaf-1a shared the same region of 5'-UTR (5'-untranslated region) (172 bp) and ORF (4,647 bp) of cDNA, but was 73 bp longer than Apaf-1b in the region of 3'-UTR of the cDNA. The ORF of Apaf-1a and Apaf-1b encoded a putative protein of 1,548 amino acids and shared 100% identity. No significant up-regulation of cytochrome c mRNA expression was found in both the chlorpyrifos-resistant (RR) and chlorpyrifos-susceptible (SS) DBM. Compared with the control (at 25°C for 3 h), mRNA transcript levels of Apaf-1a and Apaf-1b increased with the increase of temperature and were significantly higher at 37, 42, 47 and 50°C than at 25 and 33.5°C in RR DBM. However, the extent of up-regulation expression of Apaf-1a and Apaf-1b in SS DBM was slight under heat stress except at 42°C. In general, significantly higher increase in the mRNA transcript level of Apaf-1a and Apaf-1b was found in RR DBM than in SS DBM. It has been suggested that significantly higher expression of caspase-7 and lower biological fitness occurs in RR DBM under heat stress, a suggestion confirmed in our previous publications, and a result which might be associated with their higher up-regulation expression of Apaf-1a and Apaf-1b.
Emergence of cooperation and patterns of move-play in Demographic Donor-Recipient Game

We examine distribution of strategies in demographic Donor-Recipient game where patterns of move-play are restricted to simple structure. Players are initially randomly distributed in square lattice of cells. In each period, players move locally to random cell in neighbors or globally to random unoccupied cell in the whole lattice, and play multiple games against local neighbors or against randomly selected global players. We restrict patters of move (play) to local or global; local (global) means with high probability the player moves (plays) locally (globally). If wealth (accumulated payoff) of player becomes negative or his age becomes greater than his lifetime, he dies. If his wealth becomes greater than some amount and there is unoccupied cell in neighbors, he has an offspring. Players consist of TFT-like strategies; TFT uses Defect if the state is 0, Cooperate if it is 1 and the smallest state number that prescribes Cooperate is regarded as threshold. We allow up to three states and assume players may change their threshold at most once depending on their experience. We show, by Agent-Based Simulation, for example, Cooperative strategies evolutionarily tend to move and play locally, Defective do not, and AllC and AllD are abundant unless all strategies initially play locally.
Employee-Driven Innovation: An Intervention Using Action Research

In the public sector, there is a need for new forms of innovation that tackle unmet challenges such as climate change, aging societies, and a lack of resources (Bommert, 2010). Such forms must open the process of innovation to a variety of actors, overcome borders, and remove cultural restrictions. They must have the potential to improve idea generation, selection, implementation, and diffusion.
Estimation of rock physics properties from seismic attributes — Part 1: Strategy and sensitivity analysis

ABSTRACTThe quantitative estimation of rock physics properties is of great importance in any reservoir characterization. We have studied the sensitivity of such poroelastic rock physics properties to various seismic viscoelastic attributes (velocities, quality factors, and density). Because we considered a generalized dynamic poroelastic model, our analysis was applicable to most kinds of rocks over a wide range of frequencies. The viscoelastic attributes computed by poroelastic forward modeling were used as input to a semiglobal optimization inversion code to estimate poroelastic properties (porosity, solid frame moduli, fluid phase properties, and saturation). The sensitivity studies that we used showed that it was best to consider an inversion system with enough input data to obtain accurate estimates. However, simultaneous inversion for the whole set of poroelastic parameters was problematic due to the large number of parameters and their trade-off. Consequently, we restricted the sensitivity tests to.
Health care expenditure, health status and national productivity in Nigeria (1999-2012)

The major challenge facing policy makers is how to allocate limited resources across the range of preferences that contribute to poverty reduction and economic development; including capital expenditures on health, education, infrastructure and recurrent expenditures. The aim of this study is to establish the relationship between healthcare expenditure, the health status and national productivity in Nigeria. The motivation for this study is the relevance of the subject matter. Most of the studies in this area have treated the impact of government’s expenditure on health in Nigeria, without linking such expenditure appropriately to productivity. This study is situated in applied economics and the relevance of applied research cannot be overestimated. Since the public and private health care sectors are broad, we focused on the public healthcare expenditure from 1999-2012 for objective analysis. We reviewed several literatures and also used secondary data to run regression. We also used questionnaires to elicit responses. Public health care expenditure is considered as the explanatory variable for health status, productivity and poverty reduction. However, the causal relationship is weak in the Nigeria scenario. If people are a country’s principal asset, then their health status defines the course of development, and their health characteristics determine the nature and direction of sustainable human development. Nigeria needs investment in health research and innovation. We recommend a universal healthcare coverage; a system that everyone can access healthcare. More so, in an increase ngly globalized world, it is recognized that high levels of investment in research and innovation are essential, both for economic competitiveness, and to yield innovation in areas such as healthcare and environmental technologies. These make tangible improvements to quality of life. The challenges and prospect of the primary healthcare delivery for rural development need further study.
Vocational Education and Skills Training for Indigenous Community in Malaysia

This paper discusses the participation of Indigenous community in the field of Technical and Vocational education (TVE) and in the specialized programs in Skills Training Institutions (STI) in Malaysia. Marginalization of Indigenous youth in terms of education and employment in Malaysia is critical and needs to be addressed. High unemployment among the Orang Asli youth may be attributed to their lack of proper skills required by the employers. Thus, vocational training is needed to ensure the competitiveness of these people in the era of globalization to live a more comfortable life and have a better socio-economic status (SES). This paper also deliberates on the developmental history of TVE, the aims and the objectives of its implementation in the education system. Apart from these, the training and skills programs for the Indigenous youth who are drop-outs and have completed schooling were also discussed. This paper also presents the conclusion and recommendations to improve the participation of Indigenous community in the TVE and STI. If the recommendations are taken positively by the relevant authorities in-charge of the Indigenous people, the future of Indigenous youth will be brighter because it will improve their employment prospects and enhance their social mobility and status. Keywords: technical and vocational education, skills training, indigenous people, Malaysia
Reconstruction of paleoproductivity in the Sea of Okhotsk over the last 30 kyr

[1] Marine- and terrestrial-derived biomarkers (alkenones, brassicasterol, dinosterol, and long-chain n-alkanes), as well as carbonate, biogenic opal, and ice-rafted debris (IRD), were measured in two sediment cores in the Sea of Okhotsk, which is located in the northwestern Pacific rim and characterized by high primary productivity. Down-core profiles of phytoplankton markers suggest that primary productivity abruptly increased during the global Meltwater Pulse events 1A (about 14 ka) and 1B (about 11 ka) and stayed high in the Holocene. Spatial and temporal distributions of the phytoplankton productivity were found to be consistent with changes in the reconstructed sea ice distribution on the basis of the IRD. This demonstrates that the progress and retreat of sea ice regulated primary productivity in the Sea of Okhotsk with minimum productivity during the glacial period. The mass accumulation rates of alkenones, CaCO3, and biogenic opal indicate that the dominant phytoplankton species during deglaciation was the coccolithophorid, Emiliania huxleyi, which was replaced by diatoms in the late Holocene. Such a phytoplankton succession was probably caused by an increase in silicate supply to the euphotic layer, possibly associated with a change in surface hydrography and/or linked to enhanced upwelling of North Pacific Deep Water. INDEX TERMS: 1050 Geochemistry: Marine geochemistry (4835, 4850); 1055 Geochemistry: Organic geochemistry; 4267 Oceanography: General: Paleoceanography; KEYWORDS: Okhotsk Sea, paleoproductivity, sediment Citation: Seki, O. , M. Ikehara, K. Kawamura, T. Nakatsuka, K. Ohnishi, M. Wakatsuchi, H. Narita, and T. Sakamoto (2004), Reconstruction of paleoproductivity in the Sea of Okhotsk over the last 30 kyr, Paleoceanography, 19, PA1016,
Patency of Posterior Circulation Branches Covered by Flow Diverter Device: A Hemodynamic Study

Objective: Flow diverter devices are increasingly used in the treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms, sometimes necessarily involving ostia of side branches and perforators. The aim of this study was to identify the hemodynamic influence of flow diverters on side branches and perforators of the posterior circulation. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of consecutive patients treated by a flow diverter device for posterior circulation aneurysms with anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) or posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) involvement. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were used to discern hemodynamic changes of branches after deployment of the flow diverter. Results: We studied 18 branches from 17 patients (mean age, 50.72 ± 8.17 years). No branches were occluded on immediate angiography and later follow-up. Average flow velocity in aneurysms decreased from 0.077 ± 0.065 m/s to 0.025 ± 0.025 m/s (p < 0.01). Average flow velocity in branch ostia decreased from 0.29 ± 0.14 m/s to 0.27 ± 0.16 m/s (p = 0.189). The difference in flow velocity reduction ratio between aneurysms and branches was statistically significant (68.8 vs. 9.5%; p < 0.001). The mean pressure in branch ostia increased from 10,717.4 ± 489.0 to 10,859.0 ± 643.4 Pa (p < 0.01). Conclusion: While a flow diverter device is capable of slowing down aneurysmal inflow, it is unable to block the flow into branches and perforators when used in the treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms; flow velocity in branches even increased in some cases. With a low branch occlusion ratio, it may be acceptable to cover posterior circulation branches and perforators if unavoidable.
Emerging Approaches to Counseling Intervention

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is a comprehensive, multimodal cognitive behavioral treatment originally developed for individuals who met criteria for borderline personality disorder (BPD) who displayed suicidal tendencies. DBT is based on behavioral theory but also includes principles of acceptance, mindfulness, and validation. Since its development, DBT has been adapted to various populations and has been successfully used in a wide array of settings. This article presents the approaches used in DBT with a particular emphasis on (a) the philosophy and assumptions on which the treatment is based, (b) the major theoretical constructs and the DBT conceptualization of the client, (c) the intervention and specific techniques used, (d) research supporting the theory and treatment, and (e) the integration of diversity, culture, and social justice.
Long-Term Benefits from Investing in Asia-Pacific Real Estate

Abstract This paper analyses long- and short-term co-movements between Asia-Pacific real estate markets and the real estate markets in the U.K. and the U.S. based on bivariate testing for cointegration and correlation analysis. The results indicate that there exist strong long-term relationships between Asia-Pacific real estate markets, while investors located in Asia would benefit from broadening their investment horizon to Australia, Europe, and the U.S. For international investors from the U.S. and the U.K., there exist long-term opportunities to diversify across the Asia-Pacific real estate markets.
Clay mineralogy and its relationship with potassium forms in some paddy and non-paddy soils of northern Iran

Forms of potassium in soils have been a key focus in soil-fertility studies. Clay minerals are the main source of plant nutrients in soil, as their specific surface characteristics determine the release pattern of some important nutrients, such as potassium. Three forms of K consist of unavailable, slowly available and readily available exist in equilibrium in the soil system. Relationships between soil potassium forms within the clay mineralogical suite were determined in twenty four soil samples in three pedons from paddy soils, two from kiwifruit and one from citrus land in the north of Iran. The results showed that, the characteristics of different forms of potassium in adjacent pedons under different land uses depended on their specific clay mineralogy. Mineralogical analyses showed that smectite, illite and vermiculite were the most abundant clay minerals in the studied soils. Mean soluble and exchangeable potassium in paddy soils were rather low compared to non-paddy soils due to potassium fertilization in non-paddy soils. Non-exchangeable potassium in the samples, which was dominated by smectite, was lower than that in samples dominated by vermiculite, hydroxy-interlayer vermiculite (HIV) and illite; this was related to the inability of smectite in potassium fixation. Therefore, taking into account both exchangeable and HNO3-extractable K gives a better indication for K potential and soil-quality management.
Improving Work Ability of Mentally Burdened Emerging Adults in Vocational Integration Programs: A Study Protocol

Background: Emerging adults who do not successfully transition from compulsory education to the upper secondary level have a greater risk of developing mental illness than their working peers. Early intervention is important in these cases; the course of an illness can be positively influenced if treated early and without delay, and consequently, the illness will not affect the professional and personal development of the emerging adults any further. Postponing treatment of a mental illness increases the risk of chronification of the disease. Up to now, vocational integration programs have been mostly educationally oriented. To recognize and treat mental illness in a timely way, we developed an intervention that includes psychotherapy support in a vocational integration program for emerging adults who have not successfully transitioned from compulsory education to the upper secondary level. Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the described intervention, which will be delivered to all emerging adults aged 16–29 entering the vocational integration program. Another objective is to determine if it is worthwhile and feasible to proceed with testing the intervention in a full-scale clinical trial. Conducting research with this population can be very difficult, which makes it especially important to test the feasibility of a clinical trial. Methods: A single group clinical trial will be conducted to examine the effectiveness of the intervention described above. Emerging adults aged 16–29 entering a vocational integration program will be recruited. Participants will provide informed consent and complete pre-intervention measures; they then take part in the intervention group in addition to the regular vocational integration program. The primary outcomes for this study are an increase in work ability, mental health literacy, and mental health. Demographic information, vocational biography, and satisfaction with the intervention will also be collected. Questionnaire data will be collected at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 6-month follow-up. Ethics and dissemination: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Canton of Zurich (2017-00936) and registered in https://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03328286) before recruitment started. The results will be reported in future scientific publications and international conference presentations.
NEW BREEDING RESOURCE MATERIAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLYVOLTINEBREEDS OF SILKWORM, BOMBYX MORI L. TOLERANT TO HIGH TEMPERATURE

Though many productive polyvoltine breeds have been evolved earlier, their full potentiality has not been exploited in the field due to various reasons. It was primarily due to their non-tolerance to wide fluctuating environmental conditions especially high temperature. Hence, development of polyvoltine silkworm breeds with genetic plasticity to buffer against high temperature is of primary importance to keep sericulture sustain. The selection of initial parents to be used as breeding resource material is of prime importance in the success of any breeding programme. The selection of suitable parents determines the degree of success of the breeding programme to a large extent. Therefore, proper and appropriate evaluation and identification of suitable parents among the large population is crucial for the breeders. Accordingly, thirty polyvoltine breeds were evaluated by employing multiple trait evaluation index and index scoring method. Based on the evaluation index values and index score, fifteen breeds viz., NDV6, L13, L14, L15, ND5, NP1, AGL3, 96A, PV2, NDV3, ND2, NP4, BL65, BL68 and BL69 were identified as relatively tolerant to high temperature. These identified polyvoltine breeds can be used as breeding resource material for further development of polyvoltine breeds tolerant to high temperature and subsequent identification of cross breeds.
Protective Effect of Melatonin Against Polymicrobial Sepsis Is Mediated by the Anti-bacterial Effect of Neutrophils

Sepsis is an infection- or toxin-mediated systemic inflammatory syndrome. Previous studies have shown that melatonin, the primary hormone produced by the pineal gland, attenuates the effect of polymicrobial infection-mediated septic shock in animals. However, the mechanism of the anti-septic effect of melatonin during polymicrobial infection has not been well-studied. In this study, we investigated how melatonin protects mice from polymicrobial sepsis. Melatonin treatment inhibited peripheral tissue inflammation and tissue damage in a cecal ligation puncture (CLP)-induced polymicrobial sepsis model, consequently reducing the mortality of the mice. We found that macrophages and neutrophils expressed melatonin receptors. Upon depletion of neutrophils, melatonin-induced protection against polymicrobial infection failed in the mice, but melatonin treatment in macrophage-depleted mice attenuated the mice mortality resulting from polymicrobial sepsis. Moreover, melatonin treatment promoted the development of the neutrophil extracellular trap (NET), which contributed to anti-bacterial activity during polymicrobial infection, whereas the phagocytic activities of neutrophils were inhibited by melatonin. The data from this study support previously unexplained antiseptic effects of melatonin during a polymicrobial infection and could be potentially useful for human patients with sepsis.