Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From the Archives of the AFIP: Cardiac Myxoma: Imaging Features in 83 Patients

: Eighty-six cardiac myxomas were reviewed retrospectively for the clinical, pathologic, and radiologic findings. In this series, 83 patients (47 female and 36 male; age range, 2-78 years; mean age, 48 years) had 49 left atrial (60%), 23 right atrial (28%), seven right ventricular (8%), two biatrial, and two cases of multifocal myxomas. Seventy-one (88%) patients were symptomatic. Radiographs of 38 patients with left atrial myxoma showed evidence of mitral valve obstruction in 53%; radiographs of 16 patients with right atrial myxoma demonstrated calcification and cardiomegaly in 56% and 50%, respectively. Computed tomographic (CT) scans of 21 myxomas demonstrated 20 (95%) spherical or ovoid lesions, 16 (76%) with lobular borders. Seventeen (81%) were hypoattenuated; 14 (67%) were heterogeneous. Twenty-eight magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies of 30 myxomas showed 29 (97%) spherical or ovoid lesions; 26 (87%) had lobular contours and 26 (90%) of 29 had heterogeneous signal intensity on T1-weighted images. Point of attachment was visible in 15 (83%) cases. Cine gradient recalled echo (GRE) MR images of 10 lesions showed low signal intensity in all cases. Most patients with cardiac myxomas have abnormal but usually nonspecific radiographic findings. CT demonstrates intracavitary heterogeneous, hypoattenuated lobular masses. MR imaging shows heterogeneous lobular lesions and usually allows visualization of the point of attachment. Radiologic imaging of these lesions, particularly with multiplanar and cine GRE MR imaging, can provide accurate assessment of the size, location, and point of attachment of these lesions and should assist in surgical planning.
The role of galectin-3 and galectin-9 in the chronic inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis

Fibroblasts are important regulators of inflammatory processes. The phenotype of fibroblasts differ according to anatomical site which may dtermine immune functions such as leukocyte accumulation and predilection for inflammatory disease in certain tissues. This thesis describes the expression profile and explores the function of a family of immunomodulatory proteins (galectins) in fibroblasts from rhematoid arthritis patients. Synovial fibroblasts were found to differ significantly from bone marrow and skin fibroblasts with higher expression of galectin-9 and galectin-12 in synovial fibroblasts. Galectin-9 and galectin-3 expression was also examined in situ in synovial tissue from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Expression of both galectins were higher in RA synovial tissue compared to OA but not in synovial fibroblasts cultured in vitro. Galectin-3 expression seemed to be controlled by epigenetic factors (methylation) but not cytokine stimulation. Galectin-9 production was up-regulated by interferon-y, interleukin-1b and ligands for Toll-like receptors 3 (TLR3) and 4 (TLR4). It was found that intracellular presence of galectin-9 in RA synovial firboblasts increased their resistance to apoptosis. Galectin-3 level are increased in teh joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Studies on the effect and mechanism of galectin-3 action on fibroblasts revealed that exogenously added galectin-3 induced production of cytokines (IL-6) from synovial and skin fibroblasts but the production of moncyte attracting chemokines (CCL5, CCL2) was induced uniquely in fibroblasts derived from teh synovium. Different signalling pathways mediated the secretion of those mediators. IL-6 release depended on MAP kinases p38, ERK and JNK as well as NFkB transcription factor, whereas CCL5 production required PI3/Akt and NFkB
The impact of poly-microbial sepsis on pre-existing memory CD8 T cell responses

The impact of poly-microbial sepsis on pre-existing memory CD8 T cell responses. " MS (Master of Science) thesis, ii To my family and friends for their encouragement and listening ears iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There are many people to thank who have contributed to the completion of this thesis. A sincere thank you is necessary to my mentor Dr. Vladimir Badovinac for his guidance and patience throughout the duration of my program. Also, I would like to thank the members of my thesis committee Dr. Kevin Legge, and most especially Dr. Thomas Waldschmidt for granting me the opportunity to obtain my thesis here at the University of Iowa. It is also necessary to acknowledge my fellow lab members for their technical support, advice, time, encouragement and vast wealth of knowledge they shared with me. Lastly, to the members of the Pathology Department for everything they do for students, and fellow co-workers in both the Pathology and Immunology programs.
ESTRATEGIAS COGNITIVAS DE REGULACIÓN EMOCIONAL ADAPTATIVAS Y DESADAPTATIVAS EN ADOLESCENTES ARGENTINOS. DIFERENCIAS SEGÚN SEXO.

El objetivo del presente estudio consistio en establecer relaciones entre las estrategias cognitivas de regulacion emocional, el bienestar psicologico autopercibido y los indicadores de sintomatologia psicologica en 238 adolescentes escolarizados de la ciudad de Mar del Plata, Argentina. Los resultados evidenciaron tres estrategias que podrian considerarse adaptativas para las mujeres (focalizacion positiva, reinterpretacion y refocalizacion en los planes) y una para los varones (focalizacion positiva), mientras que se identificaron cinco estrategias que podrian considerarse desadaptativas tanto en varones como en mujeres (rumiacion, catastrofizacion, auto-culparse, culpar a otros y aceptacion). Estos resultados aportan evidencia empirica en la conceptualizacion de las estrategias de regulacion emocional cognitiva que podrian considerarse adaptativas o desadaptativas en los adolescentes del contexto argentino en funcion del sexo, lo que podria ser de utilidad en el diseno de programas de intervencion clinica y educativa tendientes a fortalecer las estrategias adaptativas, potenciando asi el bienestar psicologico de los mismos.
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU MEROKOK PADA REMAJA DI SMP NEGERI 7 LANGGUDU KABUPATEN BIMA

Merokok merupakan masalah yang belum bisa terselesaikan hingga saat ini. Merokok sudah melanda berbagai kalangan, dari anak-anak sampai orang tua, laki-laki maupun perempuan.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok pada remaja di SMPN 7 Langgudu Kabupaten Bima terhadap perilaku merokok yang meliputi faktor pengaruh iklan, kontrol orang tua, kontrol diri, teman sebaya, dan sikap di SMPN 7 Langgudu Kabupaten Bima. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan pengambilan Simple Random Sampling. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa faktor kontrol orang tua (p 0,000), kontrol diri (p 0,001), teman sebaya (p 0,008), dan sikap (p 0,004) berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok pada siswa. Sedangkan faktor pengaruh iklan ( p 0,154 ) tidak berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok pada remaja. di SMPN 7 Langgudu Kabupaten Bima.
Evaluating technology integration in a Vietnamese university language program

Abstract In the main, evaluation in CALL has focused on the assessment of the individual use of technology in accord with the principles of second language acquisition. Now that CALL focuses on the full integration of technology in language programs, evaluators are urged to take into account a wide range of factors that span institutional policy, departmental culture and classroom practice. In this study, we use an argument-based approach to evaluate technology integration within an English language program at a leading university in Vietnam. Using a layered approach and qualitative techniques to gather data, we examine how administrators and lecturers at the departmental, or meso, level perceive technology integration in an English language program. Results of the study inform technology integration, stakeholder identification, resource allocation and curriculum interpretation, and concludes with a discussion of the utility of blended language program evaluation.
Sleep problems are associated with academic performance in a national sample of collegiate athletes

Abstract Objective Examine associations between a range of sleep problems and academic performance in a national sample of collegiate athletes. Participants: Data were obtained from the National College Health Assessment of US college/university students from 2011–2014 (N = 8,312 collegiate athletes). Methods: Univariate comparisons for all sleep variables and demographics were stratified across GPA, using one-way ANOVA for continuous variables and chi-square for categorical variables. Multinomial logistic regression models, with GPA as outcome (reference = A) and sleep variable as predictor, were examined and adjusted for age, sex, and survey year. Ordinal regression examined a 1-level change in GPA associated with each sleep variable, adjusted for covariates. Results: Sleep difficulty was associated with increased likelihood of B/C averages. Initial-insomnia was associated with increased likelihood of B/C, and D/F averages. Tiredness was associated with increased likelihood of B/C, and D/F averages. Conclusions: Sleep problems are highly prevalent and associated with poorer academic performance in collegiate athletes.
The Relationship Between Tumor-Stroma Ratio, the Immune Microenvironment, and Survival in Patients With Spinal Chordoma.

BACKGROUND Currently, little is known about the clinical relevance of tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) in chordoma and data discussing the relationship between TSR and immune status of chordoma are lacking. OBJECTIVE To characterize TSR distribution in spinal chordoma, and investigated its correlation with clinicopathologic or immunological features of patients and outcome. METHODS TSR was assessed visually on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections from 54 tumor specimens by 2 independent pathologists. Multiplex immunofluorescence was used to quantify the expression levels of microvessel density, Ki-67, Brachyury, and tumor as well as stromal PD-L1. Tumor immunity status including the Immunoscore and densities of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) subtypes were obtained from our published data and reanalyzed. RESULTS Bland-Altman plot showed no difference between mean TSR derived from the two observers. TSR was positively associated with stromal PD-L1 expression, the Immunoscore and CD3+ as well as CD4+ TILs density, but negatively correlated with tumor microvessel density, Ki-67 index, surrounding muscle invasion by tumor and number of Foxp3+ and PD-1+ TILs. Low TSR independently predicted poor local recurrence-free survival and overall survival. Moreover, patients with low TSR and low Immunoscore chordoma phenotype were associated with the worst survival. More importantly, combined TSR and Immunoscore accurately reflected prognosis and enhanced the ability of TSR or Immunoscore alone for outcome prediction. CONCLUSION These data reveal the significant impact of TSR on tumor progression and immunological response of patients. Subsequent use of agents targeting the stroma compartment may be an effective strategy to treat chordoma especially in combination with immune-based drugs.
An investigation into the contribution made by primary art coordinators to the development of the teaching of art: the evolution of identities, understanding and practice

The study is situated within a feminist paradigm to consider the identity, experience, practice and understanding of art and design coordinators (also known as subject leaders) in primary schools across the South East of England. A postal survey was sent to the 550 primary schools involved in partnership work with a single university and yielded a return rate of 40.7% (n = 224). The survey included elements of common practice by coordinators of all curriculum subjects as identified by Fletcher and Bell (1999) to allow comparison. These were analysed using the Chi-Square Test to establish statistical differences in the recorded responses. The emergent themes were explored through individual interviews with 32 teachers, allowing deeper probing. A number of the interviewees took part in a further interview discussion which explored their understanding and attitudes towards artworks (n = 25) by looking at images based on the work of Downing and Watson (2004). Of these, 17 coordinators allowed close scrutiny of their paper files, folders and records for analysis. Additionally, 9 advisory personnel (including inspectors, advisors, ITE tutors and an author responsible for publishing a practical developmental guide for coordinators) were interviewed to provide a wider context for the study. The qualitative and quantitative data collected from these opportunities revealed issues which clearly link to factors of power, gender and knowledge within patriarchal structures. These are considered in some detail in an attempt to faithfully present the individuals and the situations encountered in the study. There is a strong sense that the primary teachers leading art and design have not been adequately heard before and that earlier attempts to record their views have been subdued, edited or even deleted by those with the power to make such choices. The research study concludes with a series of recommendations for further developing the role, particularly for those based in schools; the art coordinators themselves and the professionals involved in ITE/CPD work demonstrating how the understanding and application of the model of empowered leadership proposed by Thurber and Zimmerman (2002) might facilitate improvement.
Mortality and potential years of life lost attributable to non-optimal glycaemic control in men and women with diabetes in the United Arab Emirates: a population-based retrospective cohort study

Objectives Numerous studies reported that achieving near-normal glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with diabetes may delay or even prevent vascular complications. However, information regarding the impact of non-optimal HbA1c control on adverse health outcomes in an Arab population is unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate the fraction of deaths and potential years of life lost (PYLL) attributable to non-optimal HbA1c control among Emirati men and women with diabetes in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Design A retrospective cohort study. Setting This study was conducted in outpatient clinics at a tertiary care centre in Al Ain, UAE, between April 2008 and September 2018. Participants The sample comprised of 583 adult UAE nationals, aged≥18 years, with diabetes. Overall, 57% (n=332) of the study participants were men and 43% (n=251) were women. Exposure Non-optimal HbA1c control, defined as HbA1c≥6.5%. Primary outcome measure All-cause mortality, defined as death from any cause. Results At the end of the 9-year follow-up period, 86 (14.8%) participants died. Overall, up to 33% (95% CI 2% to 63%) of deaths were attributable to non-optimal HbA1c control among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Stratified by sex, the adjusted fraction of avoidable mortality was 17% (95% CI −23% to 57%) for men and 50% (95% CI 3% to 98%) for women. Both deaths and PYLL attributable to non-optimal HbA1c control were higher in women compared with men. Conclusions Up to one-third of all deaths in adult UAE nationals with DM could be attributed to non-optimal HbA1c control. Effective sex-specific interventions and healthcare quality‐improvement programmes should urgently be implemented.
Healthy Lifestyle in Children and Adolescents and Its Association with Subjective Health Complaints: Findings from 37 Countries and Regions from the HBSC Study

Background: It is important to clearly understand the factors associated with subjective health complaints. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between subjective health complaints, several health behaviors, and a composite measure of healthy lifestyle. Methods: Data were from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) 2014 international database. Participants were 167,021 children and adolescents, aged 10–16 years, from 37 countries and regions. A composite score of healthy lifestyle was created using a combination of daily physical activity, daily consumption of fruit and vegetables, <2 hours spent daily in screen-based behaviors, no drinking, and no smoking. The subjective health complaints assessed were headaches, stomach aches, backache, dizziness, feeling low, irritability, nervousness, and sleep difficulties. Results: Those who engage in physical activity every day, spend less than two hours a day in screen-based behaviors, do not drink alcohol, and do not smoke tobacco presented a higher likelihood of not having subjective health complaints. A healthy lifestyle was significantly related to having less of all the subjective health complaints. Those with a healthy lifestyle were 50% (OR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.5–0.6, p < 0.001) less likely to have multiple health complaints. Conclusions: Healthy behaviors and healthy lifestyles are related with less subjective health complaints and less multiple health complaints.
The influence of microscopic inflammation at resection margins on early postoperative endoscopic recurrence after ileocaecal resection for Crohn's disease.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The pathogenesis and risk factors for early postoperative endoscopic recurrence of Crohn's disease (CD) remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to identify whether histological inflammation at the resection margins after an ileocaecal resection influences endoscopic recurrence. METHODS We have prospectively followed up patients with CD who underwent ileocaecal resection at our hospital between January 2012 and January 2018. The specimens were histologically analysed for inflammation at both of the resection margins (ileal and colonic). We evaluated whether histological results of the resection margins are correlated with endoscopic recurrence of CD based on colonoscopy 6 months after ileocaecal resection. Secondary, we assessed the influence of known risk factors and preoperative therapy on endoscopic recurrence of CD. RESULTS A total of 107 patients were included in our study. Six months after ileocaecal resection, 23 patients (21.5 %) had an endoscopic recurrence of CD. The histological signs of CD at the resection margins were associated with a higher endoscopic recurrence (56.5 % versus 4.8 %, p < 0.001). Disease duration from diagnosis to surgery (p = 0.006) and the length of the resected bowel (p = 0.019) were significantly longer in patients with endoscopic recurrence. Smoking was also proved to be a risk factor for endoscopic recurrence (p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS Histological inflammation at the resection margins was significantly associated with a higher risk of early postoperative endoscopic recurrence after an ileocaecal resection for CD.
Immunogenicity of a rheumatoid arthritis protective sequence when acquired through microchimerism

Significance HLA genes confer the strongest genetic autoimmune disease risk. Specific HLA-DRB1 alleles predispose to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), while others encoding the sequence DERAA are RA-protective. Unexpectedly, having given birth to children with DERAA+ HLA-DRB1 alleles prior to onset was found to increase RA risk in women. We show that microchimerism (Mc; allogeneic cell long-term legacy of pregnancy) carrying DERAA+ HLA increases the odds of RA 17-fold and that allogeneic cells carrying DERAA stimulated DERAA−/− T cells in vitro. Microbial-derived DERAA peptides (among others) are known to stimulate DERAA-directed T cells naturally present in DERAA−/− individuals. Our data indicate that Mc with DERAA alloantigens can potentially activate similar adaptive immunity pathways and mechanistically link naturally occurring Mc to an autoimmune disorder. HLA class II genes provide the strongest genetic contribution to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). HLA-DRB1 alleles encoding the sequence DERAA are RA-protective. Paradoxically, RA risk is increased in women with DERAA+ children born prior to onset. We developed a sensitive qPCR assay specific for DERAA, and found 53% of DERAA−/− women with RA had microchimerism (Mc; pregnancy-derived allogeneic cells) carrying DERAA (DERAA-Mc) vs. 6% of healthy women. DERAA-Mc quantities correlated with an RA-risk genetic background including DERAA-binding HLA-DQ alleles, early RA onset, and aspects of RA severity. CD4+ T cells showed stronger response against DERAA+ vs. DERAA− allogeneic cell lines in vitro, in line with an immunogenic role of allogeneic DERAA. Results indicate a model where DERAA-Mc activates DERAA-directed T cells that are naturally present in DERAA−/− individuals and can have cross-reactivity against joint antigens. Moreover, we provide an explanation for the enigmatic observation that the same HLA sequence differentially affects RA risk through Mendelian inheritance vs. microchimeric cell acquisition.
Late-Evening Snack with Branched-Chain Amino Acid-Enriched Nutrients Does Not Always Inhibit Overt Diabetes in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Pilot Study

Cirrhosis patients often have abnormal glucose metabolism. We investigated the effects of a late-evening snack (LES) with branched-chain amino acid-enriched nutrients (BCAA-EN) on glucose metabolism in cirrhosis patients. LES with BCAA-EN was administered for 1 week in 13 patients with cirrhosis and hypoalbuminemia. Blood glucose (BG) levels were measured every 15 min. The patients were divided into two groups based on BG levels: group 1 (G1, n = 11): nocturnal BG levels <200 mg/dL and group 2 (G2, n = 2): nocturnal BG levels ≥200 mg/dL. G1 had nocturnal BG levels <200 mg/dL, whereas G2 had nocturnal BG levels ≥200 mg/dL. The average BG levels did not significantly change after BCAA-EN administration in G1 (before 91.9 ± 29.0 mg/dL; after 89.0 ± 24.3 mg/dl). However, the average BG levels significantly increased after BCAA-EN administration in G2 (before 153.6 ± 43.3 mg/dL; after 200.9 ± 59.7 mg/dL) (p < 0.01). The glycated albumin level (16.6 ± 0.9% vs. 16.2 ± 2.1%), fasting immunoreactive insulin (F-IRI) level (53.9 ± 34.0 μU/mL vs. 16.5 ± 11.0 μU/mL), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score (17.85 ± 10.58 vs. 4.02 ± 2.59) were significantly higher in G2 than in G1 (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.01, respectively). The quantitative insulin sensitivity check indices (0.32 ± 0.03 vs. 0.27 ± 0.02) were significantly higher in G1 than in G2 (p < 0.01). One patient in G2 was obese and had type 2 diabetes. The other patient was obese and had a high HOMA-IR score and F-IRI level. A LES with BCAA-EN does not inhibit overt diabetes in most cirrhosis patients. However, close attention should be paid to fluctuations in BG levels in cirrhosis patients who present with obesity and severe insulin resistance.