Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE RESEARCH-ANALYTIC PART OF PREPARATION OF A CARTOGRAPHIC WORK: A CASE STUDY OF AN ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL ATLASES AS THE BASIS FOR CREATING THE CZECH HISTORICAL ATLAS

A new large historical atlas on the Czech and Czechoslovak history of the 20th century is currently being prepared under the project of the Czech Historical Atlas. In this article, the authors introduce the basic research-analytic part of preparation of this cartographic work. It is based on the extensive research and subsequent analysis of the already published and similarly focused Czech (Czechoslovak) and foreign historical atlases, which gave the team sources of inspiration for processing the concept of the new atlas. The choice, the subsequent description and the analysis were achieved by the application of predetermined criteria. The result is a large database of selected historical atlases produced in the whole world after 1950, which contains more than 400 items. In addition to the standard bibliographic description, it contains a series of further characteristics (methods of thematic cartography, applied scale series, etc.) and references to the excerpts. The authors have decided to make the database freely available on a web portal, because they assume that it can be broadly used for research leading to development in the area of atlas cartography.
Calcium homeostasis in Escherichia coli

While the role of calcium ions as secondary chemical messengers has been well described in eukaryotic cells, little is known about calcium homeostasis in bacteria at the physiological and molecular level. No calcium influx gene has been identified so far. This dissertation focuses on calcium regulation of gene expression by (i) determining the effects of elevated and depleted calcium levels on global gene expression in wild-type cells (MG1655), (ii) employing transposon mutants (calcium-sensitive) and mutants that are defective in calcium transport, and (iii) performing quantitative analysis of a specific subset of 15 genes to elucidate their possible involvement in calcium transport and homeostasis. The results of the systematic research approach corroborate existing knowledge regarding the involvement of genes ftsZ, atpD, cheB, atoA in calcium regulation. Quantitative real time PCR data revealed very high upregulation of genes yjeE and secA indicating their possible role as overactive calcium efflux systems in E. coli. My data also raises the distinct possibility of calcium's involvement in stress response as evidenced by upregulation of marB in transposon mutants and by 10-fold induction of rpoS in elevated calcium condition in mutants defective in calcium transport. The results also reveal calcium-regulation of yfaD and ybbO, however, their functions are yet unknown. Cumulatively, a comprehensive picture emerges wherein it seems likely that calcium homeostasis represents a dynamic state with hitherto unknown regulatory activity throughout E. coli genome.
Gall Bladder Carcinoma: Computed Tomographic Findings in 50 cases

Background : Gall bladder carcinoma (GBC) is diagnosed late and is twice as common among women in the gangetic belt of north India. GBC are most commonly associated with cholelithiasis. Mortality rate is very high with 5 year survival rate at 5%. Aim and method : Here we assess retrospectively with computed tomography (CECT) scan imaging findings in histopathologically proven cases of GBC to review the most relevant findings associated with gallbladder cancer. This study included 50 patients presented to us during the period from November 2016 till May 2017 and underwent ultrasonography followed by computed tomographic imaging using contrast and triphasic CECT. Result : 28 patients had an infiltrating mass infiltrating into the liver or adjacent bowel. 16 patients presented with focal or diffuse intraluminal mass and mural thickening of the gall bladder was detected in 6 patients. Conclusion : CECT is the diagnostic modality of choice for detecting, evaluating and characterizing the lesion.
Prospects for management of primate pests

Parmi les nombreux types de relations commensales entre l'homme et les primates non-humains, les plus problematiques sont aujourd'hui les situations de conflit. Au cours d'une etude de longue duree des babouins olive (Papio anubis) au Kenya, nous avons pu etudier la reponse de 4 troupes de babouins sauvages a l'irruption de l'agriculture. Nous avons experimente plusieurs techniques pour reduire les conflits ainsi crees. Le developpement du comportement de pillage n'etait pas inevitable, les babouins se montrant tres prudents, a l'exception des individus ayant deja consomme des aliments d'origine humaine. Nous avons observe diverses formes de reponse a cette perturbation d'origine agricole: accroissement du domaine vital, reduction de la taille des groupes, changement de zone, et enfin pillage comme ressource annexe ou principale
Refinement of Nanoporous Copper: A Summary of Micro-Alloying of Au-Group and Pt-Group Elements

The micro-alloying of 1at% metals of Au-Group (Ag, Au) and the Pt-Group (Ni, Pd, Pt) with the Ti60Cu40 amorphous alloy resulted in the formation of fine nanoporous copper (NPC) in the order of 6­28nm. The smallest characteristic pore size of open­cell nanoporous fcc Cu was 7 and 6nm after dealloying the amorphous Ti60Cu39Pd1 and Ti60Cu39Pt1 precursor alloys for 43.2ks in 0.03M HF solution, while NPC had a pore size of 39nm after dealloying the amorphous Ti60Cu40 precursor alloy. On the basis of TEM micrographs, the refining factor increased approximately from 4 for the Ti60Cu39Ag1 precursor alloy to 1780 for the Ti60Cu39Pt1 precursor alloy. The refinement was attributed to the dramatic decrease in the surface diffusivity during dealloying. The refinement efficiency of the micro-alloying of the Pt-group elements was higher than that of the Au-group elements. The homogeneous distribution of additives in both of the amorphous precursor alloys and the final stabilized NPCs played a key role in refining the NPCs. This strategy may contribute to the fabrication of cost-effective nanoporous metals with a nanoporosity comparable to that of nanoporous Au, Pd and Pt catalysts. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.M2013445]
Pruning quality affects infection of Acacia mangium and A. crassicarpa by Ceratocystis acaciivora and Lasiodiplodia theobromae

Pruning (singling) is a common silvicultural practice in commercial Acacia plantations because these trees tend to have multiple stems. The wounds resulting from pruning are susceptible to infection by pathogens. Ceratocystis acaciivora and Lasiodiplodia theobromae have been shown recently to be important pathogens of A. mangium in Indonesia, where they are commonly associated with wounds on trees. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of different wound types on infection of A. mangium and A. crassicarpa by these two pathogens. Isolates of C. acaciivora and L. theobromae, found to be the most pathogenic in a prior study, were used to inoculate pruning wounds. Results showed that pruning conducted in a manner to reduce stem damage, resulted in lower levels of fungal infection. Where pruning resulted in tearing of the bark, there were higher levels of infection and disease occurred even without artificial inoculation. Inoculation of pruning wounds with C. acaciivora and L. theobromae showed that both fungi have the potential to cause disease. However, C. acaciivora was most virulent. Results of this study showed conclusively that careful pruning will result in lower levels of disease in young A. mangium and A. crassicarpa plantations.
A Processing Fluency 1 Running Head: Processing Fluency and Migrant Bias

This research investigated whether people are biased against migrants partly because they find migrants more difficult to cognitively process than nonmigrants. In Study 1, 181 undergraduate students evaluated migrant and nonmigrant members of two minimal groups and reported the difficulty that they experienced in thinking about each type of target. Participants rated migrants less positively than nonmigrants, and difficulty ratings partially mediated this effect. Study 2 (N = 191) replicated these findings and demonstrated similar findings for individuals who had been excluded from minimal groups. This evidence implies that migrant bias can be explained partly in terms of the difficulty that people have in processing information about migrants, and that it is related to migrants’ exclusion from their
Business Cycles and Financial Crises: A Model of Entrepreneurs and Financiers

A dynamic general equilibrium model with infinitely lived entrepreneurs and financiers is developed to investigate a possible mechanism that explains business cycles and a financial crisis. The highest growth rate is achievable only if financiers coexist with entrepreneurs, given a certain extent of financial market imperfections. However, if financiers coexist with entrepreneurs, the economy is highly likely to go into a financial crisis for some parameter values. These two-sided implications of the coexistence of entrepreneurs and financiers explain why both instability and high growth are frequently observed in modern economies.
LES/CMC of Blow-off in a Liquid Fueled Swirl Burner

Large Eddy Simulations of two-phase flames with the Conditional Moment Closure combustion model have been performed for flow conditions corresponding to stable and blow-off regimes in a swirl n-heptane spray burner. In the case of stable flame (i.e. low air velocity), the predicted mean and r.m.s. velocities and the location and shape of the flame agree reasonably well with experiment. In particular, the presence of localised extinctions is captured in agreement with experiment. Using model constants previously calibrated against piloted jet methane flames (Sandia F) with localised extinction, we obtain that at the experimentally determined blow-off velocity of the swirling spray flame, the predicted flame also blows off, demonstrating that the LES-CMC approach can capture the global extinction point in a realistic configuration.
Normative Change and Culture of Hate: An Experiment in Online Environments

We present an online experiment in which we investigate the impact of perceived social acceptability on online hate speech, and measure the causal effect of specific interventions. We compare two types of interventions: counter-speaking (informal verbal sanctions) and censoring (deleting hateful content). The interventions are based on the belief that individuals infer acceptability from the context, using previous actions as a source of normative information. The interventions are based on the two conceptualizations found in the literature: 1) what do others normally do, i.e., descriptive norms; and 2) what happened to those who violated the norm, i.e., injunctive norms. Participants were significantly less likely to engage in hate speech when prior hate content had been moderately censored. Our results suggest that normative behavior in online conversations might, in fact, be motivated by descriptive norms rather than injunctive norms. With this work we present some of the first experimental evidence investigating the social determinants of hate speech in online communities. The results could advance the understanding of the micro-mechanisms that regulate hate speech. Also, such findings can guide future interventions in online communities that help prevent the spread of hate.
CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT INDIRECT PULP TREATMENT TECHNIQUES OF PRIMARY TEETH

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of three types of different bonding systems in pulp protection of primary molars by comparing them with calcium hydroxide liner. Material and methods: 53 children (120 primary molars) with different occlusal deep carries were included in our study. The teeth were restored with the same type of compomer but using different bonding protocol, thereby being randomly assigned into 4 groups: group 1 (control) - calcium hydroxide cement; group 2 - self-etch adhesive system; group 3 - total-etching + ethanol-based adhesive; group 3 - ethanol-based adhesive without prior acid conditioning. The teeth were clinically and radiologically evaluated for 2 years. The thickness of the remaining dentine was determined on peri-apical X-ray, using DentPrep v0.2 software. Results and discussions: No significant differences in symptomatology were recorded during the study period, in none of the 4 bonding protocols. Conclusions: The study claims that the calcium hydroxide liner as dentin–pulp complex protection was not mandatory for the success rate of restorative treatment. The success was achieved also through the other 3 investigated methods.
On the Determinants of Smes Cash Holding: Evidence from Spain

This work analyses the explanatory factors of the cash holdings of a sample of 860 small and medium-sized firms from Spain during the period 1997-2001. We find that the firms pursue a target cash level to which they attempt to converge, and that this level is higher for firms with larger cash flows, for those that are more highly leveraged and for those that have more short-term debt. In contrast, the cash level falls with the use of bank debt and in the presence of substitutes for cash.
Dual function of first position nominal groups in research article titles: Describing methods and structuring summary

Previous research has identified the nominal group as the most distinctive feature of the research article title. In contrast, the findings reported in this paper suggest Theme/Rheme is the dominant structure in title text. Theme/Rheme structures order and tie nominal groups in titles. When a title starts with a methodological term the first position nominal group acts as a theme marker. Thus, the following nominal groups yield coherence and generate summarization. This finding is based on an analysis of 347 research article titles randomly selected from 99 SSCI journals in linguistics. Focusing on titles with a research construct in first position, and using the most frequently found term, effect, as the basis for comparison, this article presents an analysis of how titles summarize content. The combination of nominal groups, Theme/Rheme, and coherence summarizes the content of the research article more effectively compared to titles that rely solely on the information packaging function of high-density nominalization.
Dynamic Allocation and Pricing in Incomplete Markets: A Survey

This paper surveys the recent development of empirical and theoretical researches on incomplete markets, pointing out the following aspects. First, the theoretical study in this field is motivated by empirical findings of both asset pricing anomalies and heterogeneous behavior among economic agents. Second, incomplete insurance combined with either borrowing constraints or transaction costs offers predictions consistent with empirical findings. In addition, the failure of insuring persistent or permanent shocks alone yields empirically reasonable predictions. Third, recent theoretical research has made attempts to endogenize incomplete insurance from first principles. Fourth, incomplete markets may make aggregate shocks distributed disproportionately among agents, thereby having a significant impact on dynamic allocation and pricing. Finally the theoretical research into incomplete markets triggers a reassessment of welfare implications as to business cycles, economic growth, and financial integration.
Cytology of Caltha palustris L. (Ranunculaceae) from Cold Regions of Western Himalayas

Caltha palustris L. (Ranunculaceae), popularly known as Kingcup or Marsh Marigold is a polymorphic species distributed in the cold temperate regions of western Himalayas. The species exhibits considerable amount of intraspecific morphological and chromosomal diversity involving polyploidy, aneuploidy and hybridization. Besides, some individuals also show the presence of B-chromosomes. Presently three populations from the cold desert region of Kullu and Lahaul-Spiti districts of Himachal Pradesh have been studied for detailed meiotic studies. These populations which uniformly show the presence of 16 bivalents at M-I are tetraploid on x=8. Presence of eight large sized and eight small sized bivalents at M-I, suggest these populations to be allotetraploid. Majority of the individuals in one of the populations show normal meiotic course and high pollen fertility. However, in the other two populations, the individuals show inter PMC transfer of chromatin material at various stages of meiosis and associated meiotic irregularities such as chromosome stickiness, pycnotic chromatin, late disjunction of bivalents, micronuclei and chromatin bridges at anaphases and telophases. Besides, the chromatin migration also results in the formation of aneuploid with 8, 11 and 13 bivalents and anucleated PMCs. Although the phenomenon of cytomixis does not affect apparent pollen fertility but it surely resulted into heterogenous sized pollen grains. Although the genetic constitution and fate of such apparently fertile heterogenous sized pollen grains is yet to be ascertained, but their possible role in the development of individuals with varied chromosome number could not be ruled out. The phenomenon of chromatin transfer in the species seems to be under direct genetic control as the individuals with and without cytomixis found to grow in the same environmental conditions.
The occurrence of heavy metals and metal-resistant bacteria in water and bottom sediments of the Straszyn reservoir (Poland)

The aim of this study is to investigate the distribution of selected heavy metals and metal–resistant bacteria in water and bottom sediments of the surface drinking water reservoir for Gdansk. The following sequence of metals in regard to metal concentration in sediments can be written down: Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd. The evaluation of metals accumulation was performed using the Muller index, to indicate the bottom sediment's contamination and geochemical classification of sediment quality according to Polish standards. The Muller geochemical index was changing in a wide range: < 1–4.1. Although the maximum value of Muller's geochemical index determined for copper indicates that the sediment is ‘strongly contaminated’, in general the analysed bottom sediments were classified as the I and II category according to Polish geochemical standards. From the microbiological side a significant part of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from the bottom sediment and surface water (raw and treated water) showed a resistance to 0.2 mM and 2 mM concentrations of zinc, copper and lead. The highest percentages of metal–resistant bacteria were recorded in the sediments of the reservoir (60%–88%). The share of metal–resistant strains in the raw water was significantly lower (34%–61%). The results indicate also that water treatment processes may contribute to the selection of resistant strains.
Social Maturity and Problem Behaviour in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Intellectual Disabilities

Background: Children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities generally manifest problem behaviours and have impaired social maturity. The children with autism spectrum disorders have lower social skills and exhibit more challenging behaviours such as self-injury, stereotypical behaviour, impulsivity and hyperactivity as compared to children with intellectual disabilities. Duragana, Rea, & Ivana (2014) found that children with autism spectrum disorders manifested lower adaptive behaviour and exhibited more maladaptive behaviours than children with intellectual disabilities [1]. Methods: Research team assessed the social maturity and problem behaviour in a purposive sample of children (n=50) with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect research data from informants on Parental Interview Schedule (PIS), Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism (ISAA), Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) and Behavioral Assessment Scale for Indian Children with Mental Retardation Part–B (BASIC-MR-B). The relationships were explored between social maturity and problem behaviour with respect to gender, birth weight, birth cry and parents consanguineous marriage of children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities. Results: Pearson’s correlation co-efficient (r) was calculated and it was found that social maturity has no correlation with problem behaviour in children with autism spectrum disorders (r =0.015, p<0.01) and in children with intellectual disabilities (r =0.366, p<0.01). The results of the qualitative analysis showed that there is a significant difference between children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities with respect to their socio-demographic profiles. The results of the quantitative analysis showed that the social maturity and problem behaviour in children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities with respect to gender, birth weight, birth cry and parents consanguineous marriage were statistically insignificant. Results of this study are discussed pertaining to the assessment of social maturity and problem behavior in children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities. Conclusions: Present study concluded that there is no association between social maturity and problem behavior in children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities, and it was also observed that there is a significant difference in children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities with respect to their sociodemographic variables.
Support for Legacy Real-Time Applications in an HSF-Enabled FreeRTOS - a technical report

This dissertation presents techniques to achieve predictable execution of coarse-grained software components and for preservation of temporal properties of components during their integration and reuse.The dissertation presents a novel concept runnable virtual node (RVN) which interaction with the environment is bounded both by a functional and a temporal interface, and the validity of its internal temporal behaviour is preserved when integrated with other components or when reused in a new environment. The realization of RVN exploits techniques for hierarchical scheduling to achieve temporal isolation, and the principles from component-based software-engineering to achieve functional isolation. The proof-of-concept case studies executed on a micro-controller demonstrate the preserving of real-time properties within software components for predictable integration and reusability in a new environment, in both hierarchical scheduling and RVN contexts.Further, a multi-resource server (MRS) is proposed and implemented to enable predictable execution when composing multiple real-time components on a COTS multicore platform. MRS uses resource reservation for both CPU-bandwidth and memory-bus bandwidth to bound the interferences between tasks running on the same core, as well as, between tasks running on different cores. The later could, without MRS, interfere with each other due to contention on a shared memory-bus and memory. The results indicated that MRS can be used to "encapsulate" legacy systems and to give them enough resources to fulfill their purpose. In the dissertation, the compositional schedulability analysis for MRS is also provided and an experimental study is performed to bring insight on the correlation between the server budgets.We believe that the proposed approaches enable a faster software integration and support legacy reuse and that this work transcend the boundaries of software engineering and real-time systems.