Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hedging house price risk in the presence of lumpy transaction costs ✩

This paper presents a life-cycle model of housing demand with uncertain house prices and lumpy transaction costs. The paper extends the (S, s) methodology to a non-stationary discrete time framework with multivariate stochastic price processes. This allows the characterization of a selfhedging mechanism in an incomplete housing market: households use earlier accumulated housing wealth to hedge against future housing cost risk. As a result, the direction of the effect of price uncertainty on housing demand depends critically on households’ future housing consumption plans. When price uncertainty increases, households consume (and thereby invest in) less housing if they plan to realize the housing wealth gain. However, they will instead take a larger housing position if they plan to move to a bigger home in a correlated housing market in the future. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. JEL classification: C61; D81; R21
The Predictive Effects of Instant Messaging / Online Communication on Well-Being among School Going Teenagers of Manipur State in India

Manipur is a state in northeastern India, with the city of Imphal as its capital (Manipur: Treatise & Documents, Volume 1). It is bounded by Nagaland to the north, Mizoram to the south, and Assam to the west; Burma (Myanmar) lies to its east. The state covers an area of 22,327 square kilometres (8,621 sq mi) and has a population of almost 3 mwellion, including the Meitei, who are the majority group in the state, the Pangals or the Pangans (Manipuri Muslims), Kuki, and Naga people, who speak a variety of SinoTibetan languages. Manipur has been at the crossroads of Asian economic and cultural exchange for more than 2,500 years. It has long connected the Indian subcontinent to Southeast Asia, China (or East Asia), Siberia, Micronesia and Polynesia, enabling migration of people, cultures, and religions (Naorem Sanajaoba (editor), Manipur, Past and Present: The Heritage and Ordeals of a Civilization, Volume 4,). In this paper, i proposed two hypotheses to better understand the effects of online communication on subjective well-being with a sample of Manipur State teenagers (n = 190). The results of liner regression analysis found that online communication was positively related to teenagers’ subjective well-being. For boys, the coefficient of determination of online communication on subjective well-being was . 143, and for girls the coefficient of determination was . 040, indicating that boys benefit more from online communication than do girls.
Learning Brain Dynamics from Calcium Imaging with Coupled van der Pol and LSTM

Many real-world data sets, especially in biology, are produced by complex nonlinear dynamical systems. In this paper, we focus on brain calcium imaging (CaI) of different organisms (zebrafish and rat), aiming to build a model of joint activation dynamics in large neuronal populations, including the whole brain of zebrafish. We propose a new approach for capturing dynamics of temporal SVD components that uses the coupled (multivariate) van der Pol (VDP) oscillator, a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) model describing neural activity, with a new parameter estimation technique that combines variable projection optimization and stochastic search. We show that the approach successfully handles nonlinearities and hidden state variables in the coupled VDP. The approach is accurate, achieving 0.82 to 0.94 correlation between the actual and model-generated components, and interpretable, as VDP’s coupling matrix reveals anatomically meaningful positive (excitatory) and negative (inhibitory) interactions across different brain subsystems corresponding to spatial SVD components. Moreover, VDP is comparable to (or sometimes better than) recurrent neural networks (LSTM) for (short-term) prediction of future brain activity; VDP needs less parameters to train, which was a plus on our small training data. Finally, the overall best predictive method, greatly outperforming both VDP and LSTM in shortand long-term predicitve settings on both datasets, was the new hybrid VDP-LSTM approach that used VDP to simulate large domain-specific dataset for LSTM pretraining; note that simple LSTM data-augmentation via noisy versions of training data was much less effective.
ERGODICITY OF THE ACTION OF K∗ ON AK

Connes gave a spectral interpretation of the critical zeros of zetaand L-functions for a global field K using a space of square integrable functions on the space AK/K of adele classes. It is known that for K = Q the space AK/K cannot be understood classically, or in other words, the action of Q∗ on AQ is ergodic. We prove that the same is true for any global field K, in both the number field and function field cases.
Thermodynamics of NaHCO 3 decomposition during Na 2 CO 3-based CO 2 capture

Article history: Received 25 February 2018 Revised 21 June 2018 Accepted 18 July 2018 Available online 26 July 2018 Amine-basedcarbon-capture technologies have been shown to be energetically expensive and to cause significant environmental and epidemiological impacts due to their volatility. Bicarbonate formation from carbon dioxide's reaction with water has been suggested as an effective alternative for capturing CO2; however, the thermodynamics of this reaction are not well understood. This study experimentally determined the equilibrium constant of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) decomposition to sodium, water, and carbon dioxide; the study also compared the equilibrium constant to theoretical calculations. Using a combination of experimentation and thermodynamic relationships, the unitless equilibrium constants of the forward and reverse reactions were calculated accurately (error <±9% and <±4%, respectively). Equilibrium data were calculated using enthalpy and entropy values of each component of NaHCO3 decomposition at temperatures ranging from 25 to 155°C respectively. These results offer more data essential to optimizing NaHCO3 use in environmentally friendly nextgeneration CO2-capture technologies. © 2018 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Investigative Study on Bending and Spring Back of Electro Galvanized Steel

In manufacturing process, sheet metal forming occupies a special place as it produces parts of superior mechanical strength with minimum waste of material in short time. Bending is a common metal forming process making use of ‘Theory of Plasticity’. In this process the sheet metal is shaped by straining the metal around a straight axis. Because all materials have a finite modulus of elasticity, plastic deformation is always followed by elastic recovery upon removal of the load, which is known as spring back. Bending is commonly used in automotive and other fabrication industries. Electro galvanizing is a process of electroplating in which zinc is coated over the outer surface of the steel. Today coated steels are widely used as corrosion resistant steel sheets with excellent economy, mainly in fields as automobile, aeronautics, fuel tank, smooth and shiny parts for aesthetic reasons, home appliances, building and structure, electrical applicationetc.This paperattempts to find the effect of different thickness of electro galvanizing during bending on spring back of galvanized sheets. Results have been compared for different bend angles and punch velocity. The effects of individual parameters and their interactions on the responses have also been analyzed.Further it is proposed to study the responses by using lubricants during the bending.
A Chatbot by Combining Finite State Machine , Information Retrieval , and Bot-Initiative Strategy

In this work, we designed a conversational system by combining a finite state method, a retrieval model and a machine-initiative dialogue strategy. By using the machine-initiative strategy, most of the user queries are handled by the finite state machine which models predefined dialogues. If the user’s utterance is out of the range of modeled dialogues, the retrieval model processes the input. On comparative experiments, our retrieval model showed a better user satisfaction than the neural-network-based model. The experiments also showed that our context handling method and keyword emphasizing are key components of a retrieval model for the superior performance. In addition, dialogue strategies to retain initiative to machine was better to make a sustaining conversational system than to be strictly constrained to input sentences.
The Semantics of Error : What Do Teachers Know ?

J. M. Keynes is said to have commented that those economists who would disassodate themselves from current economic theory, claiming no need for it or admitting pure dislike, were nonetheless driven by theory an earlier one. The same can be said, wrote Terry Eagleton (1983), of literary critics, and something similar can also be said, we hope to argue in this paper, of teachers of writing. We center our discussion on one activity in the teaching of writing responding to student papers by identifying errors. Our aim is to arrive at some answers to the questions, "How do readers in particular, teachers label and interpret errors in a text? " and "How can such knowledge inform the teaching of editing? " To propose some answers to these questions, we review error studies in the context of post-modernist theories of literary criticism, and we discuss the findings from a study on how teachers from various grade levels responded to an errorladen student text.
Contribution of Plant Responses to Efficacy of Fungicides – a Perspective

It is a frequent field observation that fungicides exert beneficial effects in crop plants beyond their direct fungicidal action. Such crop strengthening effects, described e.g. as greening or as stress tolerance, apparently can increase yield. Although in the past years advanced phenotyping methods have been developed, molecular explanations are only fragmentary. Focusing on azoles and strobilurins some biochemical, molecular biological and physiological mechanisms are outlined. A comparison with host plant defense inducers sheds a light on plantdriven mechanisms, which might be activated by successful fungicides.
Sleep Furiously Revisited : A Statistical Perspective

In the present study we provide empirical evidence that human learners succeed in an artificial-grammar learning task that involves recognizing grammatical sequences whose bigram frequencies from the training corpus are zero. This result begs explanation: Whatever strategy is being used to perform the task, it cannot rely on the simple co-occurrence of elements in the training corpus. While rule-based mechanisms may offer an account, we propose that a statistical learning mechanism is able to capture these behavioral results. A simple recurrent network is shown to learn sequences that contain null-probability bigram information by simply relying on distributional information in a training corpus. The present results offer a simple but stark challenge to previous objections to statistical learning approaches to language acquisition that are based on sparseness of the primary linguistic data.
Cement Compositions and Durability in Ancient Roman Seawater Concretes

Roman hydraulic maritime concretes of the central Italian coast have Flegrean vitric tuff as coarse aggregate and mortar pozzolan. Pozzolanic reaction at high pH produced silica-rich CASH and calcium carbonate cements; tobermorite in the residual cores of lime and vitric tuff clasts; and ettringite and calcium-chloroaluminate in bead-like microstructures and voids. Phillipsite may reflect dissolution of residual alkali-rich volcanic glass at lower pH. The cement systems seem to have remained relatively stable during partial to full immersion in seawater for 2000 years. Further analytical investigations will determine the diverse chemical processes that produced specific cement microstructures.
Village Fund Allocation and Village Fund to Reduce Poverty Rate Using Good Village Governance as Moderation in East Lombok Regency

Village Fund Allocation and Village Fund are fund transfers from the central government to assist village governments in development and operations so that rural communities can be more prosperous and reduce poverty in the village. This study aims to analyze the effect of village fund allocation and village fund on poverty rates using good village governance as moderation in East Lombok district. The results of the study indicate that the Village Fund Allocation has a positive and significant effect on the poverty rate, The Village Fund has a positive but not significant effect on the poverty rate. Good Village Governance weakens the relationship between village fund allocation and poverty rates this is due to the still not optimal implementation of Good Village Governance in the implementation of Village Fund Allocation especially on indicators of transparency and participation and strengthens the relationship between village funds and poverty rates. This is because the Village Fund is mostly used for infrastructure activities while empowerment activities are still minimal Good Village Governance is proved as homogenizer moderation on Allocation of Village Funds and Village Funds with poverty rates.
The reliability of leaf bioassays for predicting disease resistance on fruit: a case study on grapevine resistance to downy and powdery mildew

This study was designed to assess the reliability of grapevine leaf bioassays for predicting disease resistance on fruit in the field. The efficacy of various grapevine quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for conferring resistance to downy and powdery mildew was evaluated in bioassays and in a 2-year field experiment for downy mildew. The resistance genes studied were inherited from Muscadinia rotundifolia (Rpv1 and Run1) and from American Vitis species through cv. Regent (QTLRgP and QTLRgD). In bioassays, genotypes carrying Run1 blocked powdery mildew development at early stages. Genotypes combining Run1 with QTLRgP displayed no greater level of resistance. For downy mildew, genotypes carrying Rpv1 and ⁄or QTLRgD were more resistant than the susceptible cv. Merlot, and showed a high level of leaf resistance in the field (<10% severity). Disease levels on bunches were much higher than those on leaves, with a high variability between Rpv1 genotypes (1–48%). A Bayesian decision theory framework predicted that an OIV-452 threshold of 5 in leaf bioassays allowed accurate selection of grapevine genotypes (P = 0Æ83) with satisfactory disease severity on bunches. Therefore, this study validates that the use of early bioassays on leaves, as currently performed by grapevine breeders, ensures a satisfactory level of resistance to downy mildew of bunches in the field.
Performance Analysis of a LiDAR System for Comprehensive Airport Ground Surveillance under Varying Weather and Lighting Conditions

Low visibility conditions and darkness regularly give rise to capacity backlogs, incidents and accidents linked to airport ground operations. Hence the availability of data capturing the local traffic situation and the operating conditions on the movement area is essential for today’s airport surveillance system and for a more automated airport surveillance in the future. Technologically, LiDAR sensors and computer vision algorithms for object recognition have made considerable progress in recent years that when combined, offer a cost-effective, non-cooperative sensor solution to overcome the described deficiencies. LiDAR sensing benefits from typically high pulse repetition rates at high pulse intensities with pulse frequencies reaching into petahertz range and from the resulting extraordinary precision and accuracy in millimeter range. We could thus already demonstrate LiDAR’s capability of detecting small, unknown static objects of a few cm2 and simultaneously classifying known objects on the airport apron at distances of up to several hundred meters from the sensor. This paper proposes and experimentally investigates a probabilistic sensor model for LiDAR based object height measurements particularly focusing on the airport movement area. The model is deemed crucial for future decision support functions that aim to improve the situational awareness of the controller under challenging weather and lighting conditions by means of probabilistic information, e.g., about the presence of potentially threatening objects or about conflicting traffic. First, the paper establishes the distributions of height over ground measurements derived from the laser return signal of a LiDAR sensor under varying weather and lighting conditions, i.e., day/night, rain/clear. The object height over ground distributions reveal the differences of the sensor behavior under these conditions. Second, the paper specifies the object height measurements as an inference problem in a graphical model, where the output yields the conditional distribution over true object heights given the measured height, thereby providing a fully probabilistic output. It is shown that the integration of weather/lighting as a probabilistic variable into the sensor model greatly improves its predictive performance and hence the reliability of a future controller assistance function derived from probabilistic height over ground measurements. KeywordsLiDAR, Laser scanning, point cloud, airport ground surveillance, airport movement area, weather/lighting conditions, probalbilistic sensor model, object height
Role of Bread Yeast and Anti-transpiration in some Indicators of Vegetative Growth of Maize under Water Stress 1

Field experiment was Carry out in Field of Croup departmentCollege of agriculture at Autumn Season 2016. The aim of this study to provide Corn varieties with Induces the tolerate drought. The Randomized Complete design (RCBD) was used with arrangement split plot by three Replicates, The main Factor (Soil moisture stress), with Irrigation (100%) as Control, 75, 50% that mean to reduction 25, 50% from water Quantity at Control treatment. The Second treats Includes: Injection Yeast Bread in the soil with Concentration 8g L -1 , antitranspiration 5ml L -1 , and spread of distilled water (Control). The results were shown significant decreases in most of vegetative growth and increasing Level stress to 75, 50% such as dry weight Leaves, there area, with chlorophyll content at flowering and maturity stages, relative water content, percentage loss of the water from leaves, stability of cell membranes, root size, root/shoot ratio and relative rate growth. The yeast Bread gives significant in leaf area, dry weight with increased percentage 12.10, 6.91 respectively, while the chlorophyll content at 50% flowering. Physiological maturity about 68.72, 43.55% respectively, cell membranes index 64.25%, root size 25.00%, relative growth rate 28.50%, compared with control, anti-transpiration increased the relative water to the leave about 18.50 compared with control treat.
Investigating variation in island effects A case study of Norwegian wh-extraction

We present a series of large-scale formal acceptability judgment studies that explored Norwegian island phenomena in order to follow up on previous observations that speakers of Mainland Scandinavian languages like Norwegian accept violations of certain island constraints that are unacceptable in most languages crosslinguistically. We tested the acceptability of wh-extraction from five island types: whether-, complex NP, subject, adjunct, and relative clause (RC) islands. We found clear evidence of subject and adjunct island effects on wh-extraction. We failed to find evidence that Norwegians accept wh-extraction out of complex NPs and RCs. Our participants judged wh-extraction from complex NPs and RCs to be just as unacceptable as subject and adjunct island violations. The pattern of effects in Norwegian paralleled island effects that recent experimental work has documented in other languages like English and Italian (Sprouse et al. 2012, 2016). Norwegian judgments consistently differed from prior findings for one island type: whether-islands. Our results reveal that Norwegians exhibit significant inter-individual variation in their sensitivity to whether-island effects, with many participants exhibiting no sensitivity to whether-island violations whatsoever. We discuss the implications of our findings for universalist approaches to island constraints. We also suggest ways of reconciling our results with previous observations, and offer a systematic experimental frameElectronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11049-017-9390-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. B D. Kush dave.kush@ntnu.no 1 NTNU: Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Language and Literature, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway 2 NTNU: Norwegian University of Science and Technology, UiT: The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway 3 University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
A COMPARISON OF EMPIRICAL AND CFD-BASED EXERGY MODELLING FOR THE AIRFRAME SUBSYSTEM OF AIRCRAFT DESIGN

This paper compares empirical and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based exergy calculation procedures for modeling the airframe subsystem of aircraft. Calculations were based on the B747-200 aircraft, with the presumption that the empirical methods were valid. They were carried out for a range of values of the angle of attack, assuming transonic flight. Good agreement was observed for one approach, supporting the viability of using CFD for realistic airframe calculations in a system-level analysis and design optimization.
Market Illiquidity Premium on Stock Returns: An Empirical Study of Taiwan Stock Markets

This paper examined the existence of illiquidity premiums in Taiwan stock markets during 1982-2016. First, the illiquidity premium was calculated with the method of Amihud (2014) in a whole period and its three sub periods, and then a five-factor model was formed by adding the new risk premium to the traditional Fama-French-Carhart four-factor model. Then quint portfolios the illiquidity measure by Amihud (2002) in an ascending order and applies factor models to explore the relationship between stock returns and illiquidity premium. The empirical results indicated that the five-factor model increased the relative explanatory power compared to the traditional four-factor model. For the higher illiquidity portfolios, the illiquidity premium demonstrated significantly positive effects on stock returns and the five-factor model showed relatively smaller alphas, which in turn proved the existence of market illiquidity premiums. The empirical results are expected to enhance the understanding of the functioning of illiquidity on developed markets in the literature, and also add more evidence on the emerging market settings.