Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Experimental Horizontal Mandibular Deviation on Stepping Test of Equilibrium Function

The balance adjustments play an important role in orthostatic and dynamic postural control, influencing the ability to perform daily living and sports activities in preventing injuries and improving performances. And a stomatognathic system thought to be involved in postural control. However, the relation between stomatognathic system and the equilibrium function has not been made sufficiently explicit. The purpose of this study was to investigate an effect of an experimentally altering mandibular position on equilibrium using a planar inclination of body and fluctuation in centerof- foot pressure in orthostatic postureanda stepping test. Twelve healthy males (32.45 ± 9.2 years of age) participated as subjects. Rotation angle, transfer angle and transfer distance during the stepping test, and planar inclinations of the body and path length in center-of-foot pressure were determined at before stepping test, using force plates and the VICON motion capture system. Deviation and rest splints were fabricated using soft-and-hard double-layer sheets pressure formed on maxillary and mandibular models: the former was positioned at the edge of the upper and lower canines where they came into contact on the non-habitual chewing side; the latter was positioned at the mandibular rest position. Significantly greater inclination of the cranial, shoulder and pelvic planes and path length in center-of-foot pressure were observed with the deviation splint. And significant increases were observed in rotation angle, transfer distance, and transfer angle with the deviation splint compared with the rest position or with the rest splint. Within the limitations of this study, these results suggest that even the alteration in mandibular position affects equilibrium function.
The taxonomic status of some spiny-backed treefrogs, genus Osteocephalus (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae)

A reassessment of some Amazonian spiny-backed treefrogs (Osteocephalus) either considered to be junior synonyms or not associated yet with Osteocephalus reveals that O. cabrerai (Cochran and Goin, 1970) from lowland Colombia and Peru is distinct from a frog previously used to revalidate the species, that O. festae (Peracca, 1904) is a valid species from the foothills of the Andes in Ecuador, and that Hyla inframaculata Boulenger, 1882, from the lower Amazon in Brazil, is a member of this genus. The oldest available name for O. elkejungingerae (Henle, 1981) from the Andean foothills in Peru is O. mimeticus (Melin, 1941). Another Melin (1941) species, Hyla vilarsi from the Rio Negro watershed in Brazil, is also an Osteocephalus revalidated from the synonymies of several other frogs.
Non-linear Vibrations of Deep Cylindrical Shells by the p-Version Finite Element Method

A p-version shell finite element based on the so-called shallow shell theory is for the first time employed to study vibrations of deep cylindrical shells. The finite element formulation for deep shells is presented and the linear natural frequencies of different shells, with various boundary conditions, are computed. These linear natural frequencies are compared with published results and with results obtained using a commercial software finite element package; good agreement is found. External forces are applied and the displacements in the geometrically non-linear regime computed with the p-model are found to be close to the ones computed using a commercial FE package. In all numerical tests the p-FE model requires far fewer degrees of freedom than the regular FE models. A numerical study on the dynamic behaviour of deep shells is finally carried out.
High-sensitivity mapping of ammonia emission in the Trumpler 14/Car I photodissociation region

The photodissociation region in the immediate vicinity of the Trumpler 14 star cluster represents the nearest source (2.3 kpc) to study the physical parameters of a photodissociation region due to feedback from a large population of O-type stars. It resides in the Carina Nebula, a region rich in high-mass stars. We present the first detection and maps of the ammonia inversion emission of the first three metastable lines, (J,K) = (1,1), (2,2) and (3,3), in the Carina I dark cloud. These observations, made with the Tidbinbilla 70 m radio telescope, are the initial results of a programme to implement full mapping capability. We also present velocity maps together with the optical depth and rotational (R21) temperatures. The derived linewidths and rotational temperatures support evidence for an ionization front associated with the Carina I-E and Carina I-W substructures. Detection of the (3,3) metastable line suggests significantly higher kinetic temperatures in the molecular clumps than those derived with CO studies, implying that the CO emission is saturated despite photodissociation. The kinematics of the Carina I-E and Carina I-W ammonia substructures are consistent with studies of radio recombination and molecular lines. The prevailing morphological paradigm for Car I is considered, particularly by comparing the molecular structure traced by the ammonia emission to stellar infrared and radio sources in the region.
Assessing Adult Literacy by Telephone

Several industrialized nations have conducted expensive door-to-door surveys of adult literacy. Following a critique of the role of knowledge in literacy, the research presented here examined the construct and action validity of the use of simple checklists to assess the declarative knowledge component of adult's literacy by telephone. Significant relationships were found among knowledge when assessed either by listening (telephone) or by reading (mailed questionnaire) modality. The telephone data showed similar relationships to demographic variables that have been found in the 1993 National Adult Literacy Survey and other literacy surveys during the last half-century. It was concluded that the telephone method may provide a valid, cost-effective alternative to door-to-door assessments of literacy.
A comparative study of molecular and morphological methods of describing genetic relationships in traditional Ethiopian highland maize

The comparison of different methods of estimating the genetic diversity could define their usefulness in plant breeding and conservation programs. In this study, a total of 15 morphological traits, eight AFLPprimer combinations and 20 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were used (i) to study the morphological and genetic diversity among 62 selected highland maize accessions, (ii) to assess the level of correlation between phenotypic and genetic distances, and (iii) to classify the accessions into groups based on molecular profiles and morphological traits. The analysis of variance of the morphological data revealed significant differences among accessions for all measured traits. The mean morphological dissimilarity (0.3 with a range of 0.1-0.68) was low in comparison to dissimilarity calculated using SSR markers (0.49 with a range 0.27-0.63) and AFLP markers (0.57 with a range 0.320.69). The correlation between the morphological dissimilarity matrix and the matrices of genetic dissimilarity based on SSR and AFLP markers was 0.43 and 0.39, respectively (p = 0.001). The correlation between SSRs and AFLPs dissimilarity matrices was 0.67 (p = 0.001). This congruence indicates that both marker systems are equally suited for genetic diversity study of maize accessions. Cluster analysis of morphological and marker distances revealed three groups of maize accessions with distinctive genetic profiles and morphological traits. This information will be useful for collections, conservation and various breeding programs in the highlands of Ethiopia.
Borg in-Nadur pottery abroad : a report from the Sicilian necropoleis of Thapsos and Matrensa

The Middle Bronze Age (15th-13th century BC) is without doubts the most relevant period in the history of the interconnections between Sicily and the Maltese archipelago in prehistory. The survey of all the Borġ in-Nadur-type pottery in eastern Sicily (Tanasi 2008), the identification of Thapsos-type pottery in Maltese contexts (Tanasi 2010), and the recent archaeometric definition of the Maltese ceramic imports and the recognition of the first examples of Maltese-style pottery produced in Sicily (Tanasi 2014b; Barone et alii, this volume, chapter 4) have shown the importance of re-visiting the old assemblages of archaeological material stored in the museums using modern techniques of analysis. Moreover, the complete publication of the Borġ in-Nadur-type pottery from tombs 13 and 23 of the Cozzo del Pantano necropolis, partially published and discussed by Orsi in 1893 (Orsi 1893), together with the local Thapsos pottery with which they occurred in context, has demonstrated the importance of a new autoptic study of the ceramics, never photographed or classified before, in terms of the identification of potential imports versus local products (Tanasi 2011b; Tanasi 2014b). The present contribution has to be seen in the context of this research strategy. It considers the Borġ in-Nadur-type pottery from other excavations and fieldwork, namely the material from tombs 6, 22, 23, 34, 64 and E at Thapsos, from tomb 6 at Matrensa, studied between 2010 and 2012 at the Archaeological Museum of Syracuse (Fig. 1). Furthermore, some ceramics from Cannatello and Ognina will be presented and discussed.
Enhancing Listening Performance through Schema Construction Activities

“A schema is a general term for a conventional knowledge structure that exists in memory” (Yule, 2006, p. 132). There however still has been a controversy over the role of schema construction activities as an aid to L2 listening learning. This research thus aims to examine the effect of schema construction activities on EFL learners’ listening performance at Saigon Technology University (STU)
Minimum Wage and Employment: Escaping the Parametric Straitjacket

Abstract Parametric regression models are often not flexible enough to capture the true relationships as they tend to rely on arbitrary identification assumptions. Using the UK Labor Force Survey, the authors estimate the causal effect of national minimum wage (NMW) increases on the probability of job entry and job exit by means of a non-parametric Bayesian modelling approach known as Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART). The application of this methodology has the important advantage that it does not require ad-hoc assumptions about model fitting, number of covariates and how they interact. They find that the NMW exerts a positive and significant impact on both the probability of job entry and job exit. Although the magnitude of the effect on job entry is higher, the overall effect of NMW is ambiguous as there are many more employed workers. The causal effect of NMW is higher for young workers and in periods of high unemployment and they have a stronger impact on job entry decisions. No significant interactions were found with gender and qualifications.
Effect of hand preference on second to fourth digit ratio and its role in sexual dimorphism: a study in 300 Haryanvi Brahmins and 300 Kashmiri Pandits

The 2nd to 4th digit ratio (2D:4D) is a sexually dimorphic biometric marker, related to prenatal estrogen and testosterone levels in-utero and determined genetically by HOX genes. The prenatal effects of testosterone on development of brain hemispheres are considered as a key factor in etiology of left-handedness. Besides sexual dimorphism, 2D:4D ratio shows significant ethnic and population differences. The aim of the present study is to provide an authentic database on right and left 2D:4D ratios in two different ethnic groups of a particular age and sex, and study its correlation with handedness and sexual dimorphism. The study was conducted on 300 Haryanvi Brahmins (150 each of either sex) and 300 Kashmiri Pandits (150 each of either sex) of the age group of 18 years and above. The values for 2D:4D ratio was calculated for both the hands. Hand preference was established according to Edinburgh Inventory and five hand-preference determination groups were constituted after calculation of laterality score. The results were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Mean values for 2D:4D ratio in both the ethnic groups were found to be higher in females than in males. When the values of 2D:4D ratio were assessed by sex, the values were found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). When relationship between laterality score (indicator of hand preference) and 2D:4D were examined, the values were found to be significant only in Haryanvi Brahmins (males) on the right side.
Unplanned Stopping Strategy in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) demonstrate changes in cognitive and gait functions. Gait termination requires higher cognitive integration compared to steady-state walking due to the increased stability needed during a transient period. It is possible that the capability to terminate gait in older adults with MCI would be compromised. Therefore, this study aimed to compare gait termination parameters between older adults with MCI and without MCI. Gait termination parameters (i.e., the number of steps taken to stop, total stopping distance, and total stopping time) were assessed in 30 older adults with MCI and in 30 cognitively intact controls. The Mann-Whitney U test revealed that the MCI group required more steps to stop compared to the control group (MCI group = 2.02 ± 0.40 steps; control group = 1.91 ± 0.36 steps, p = 0.05). These findings suggest that older adults with MCI adopt a more conservative strategy by employing additional steps for terminating gait. Poor executive function may affect gait termination performance in older adults with MCI.
Prevalence of Rubella virus-specific immunoglobulin-g and -m in pregnant women attending two tertiary hospitals in southwestern Nigeria

Background : Rubella is a self-limiting disease that causes congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) when rubella virus (RV) infects women in the first trimester of pregnancy. Objective : To assess a population of pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in two tertiary hospitals in southwestern Nigeria for anti-RV IgG and IgM in order to determine the proportions susceptible to the viral infection and infectious to their fetuses. Method : Ninety consenting pregnant women were consecutively recruited and aseptically bled for the study. The sera were screened with commercial ELISA kits for anti-rubella virus IgG and IgM. Due to the controls and calibrators included in the tests, the IgG test was performed on 89 sera while all 90 samples were screened for IgM. Results : Of the 89 pregnant women tested for anti-RV IgG, 86 (96.6%) were positive with protective serum concentrations of the antibody. Only six (6.7%, 95% CI: 1.5-11.8%, n = 90) women were positive for anti-RV IgM with 5 (5.6%, 95% CI: 0.8-10.3%) having both anti-RV IgG and IgM. Overall, three (3.4%) of the women were susceptible to RV infection, one (1.1%) of these in the first trimester of gestation was probably infectious. Conclusion : Majority of the pregnant women had protective levels of anti-RV IgG antibody although susceptibility to rubella as well as level of infectiousness were low. Intensification of rubella immunization of all females of child-bearing age in Osun and Oyo States is advocated. Keywords : Prevalence, Rubella, Antibodies, Pregnant women, Southwestern Nigeria.
Amount and Consistency, Two Components of Group Norms: An Actor Partner Interdependence Analysis of Intimate Behaviors in Groups

This study presents a new conceptualization of behavioral norms as consisting of two components: the average amount of a target behavior exhibited in a group and the consistency of this behavior across group members. Using this conceptualization, we examined the relationship between group behavioral norms regarding intimate behaviors and individual group members’ intimate behaviors in two types of groups: interpersonal growth groups and trauma recovery groups. Specifically, we used the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM; Kenny, Kashy, Manetti, Piero, & Livi, 2002) to examine the relationships between an individual group member’s amount of intimate behaviors (i.e., the actor effect), the amount (i.e., group mean) and consistency (i.e., SD) of intimate behaviors of the other group members in both the previous and current sessions (i.e., the partner effects), the interaction of the amount and consistency of the group’s previous and current intimate behaviors, and the amount of intimate behaviors exhibited by the individual group member in the current session. A hierarchical linear modeling analysis revealed that an individual group member’s previous amount of intimate behaviors was positively related to her or his amount of intimate behaviors in the current session. Also, there was a significant interaction for the two components of the partner effect in the current session (i.e., group amount and consistency of intimate behaviors in the current session) such that when the consistency of intimate behaviors of the other group members was low, there was a significant, negative relationship between group amount of intimate behaviors and the individuals group member’s intimate behaviors in a session. When consistency was high, however, this relationship was not significant.
Nocturnally active western rock lobsters, Panulirus cygnus, forage close to shallow coastal reefs

The western rock lobster Panulirus cygnus is an abundant consumer along the lower west coast of Australia, sheltering in reef during the day and foraging in surrounding habitat at night. We used acoustic telemetry to determine the distances from high-relief reef where nocturnally active P. cygnus forage at 3 sites representing 3 common shallow-water habitats: meadows of the seagrasses Amphibolis spp. and Posidonia sinuosa and macroalga-dominated pavement. We focussed on among-site variation in core and total nocturnal activity area, distance of foraging from high-relief reef and total distance between position estimates. We found that P. cygnus moved over an extensive area at all sites and that 90% of lobster activity occurred within 60 m of the nearest high-relief reef at all 3 sites regardless of habitat type. Foraging activity by P. cygnus is therefore likely to be greatest within this zone around coastal reefs. Core (50% utilisation distribution (UD)) and total (95% UD) nocturnal activity areas did not differ significantly between sites and averaged 2556 ± 482 m 2 and 10 437 ± 2221 m 2 , respectively. Total distance between position estimates and average distance from reef did not differ between sites either.
Veterinary Medicine and Biomarkers in the Assessment of the Environmental Pollution with Hazardous Waste

One of the most serious threats to the natural environment is hazardous waste deposited in various forms in the ground. About 340 of such waste disposal sites were created in Poland in the previous century, in which over 10,000 tons of pesticides (among others) were deposited. The aim of those disposal sites, also referred to as pesticide tombs, was to solve the problem of hazardous substance neutralization. However, the disposal sites were, in most cases, established carelessly. Therefore, their exact number and the types of substances inside them is not known. An even more serious problem is securing the discussed disposal sites against release of toxic chemicals to the environment. It has been confirmed that the components can leak into the natural environment and pose a risk of polluting ecosystems located in the direct vicinity of damaged deposits (Amador 1992, Burton et al. 2001). Numerous studies have shown that organisms sensitive to foreign substances (biomarkers) provide the most accurate reflection of environmental pollution with pesticides (Pawert et al. 1998, Szarek et al. 2000). This thesis is clearly confirmed by the research conducted in the Ilawa Lakeland, where a floristic and phytosociological assessment of an area with an existing and polluting pesticide tomb and of the natural environment following land reclamation was carried out.
Characterization of Future Caribbean Rainfall and Temperature Extremes across Rainfall Zones

End-of-century changes in Caribbean climate extremes are derived from the Providing Regional Climate for Impact Studies (PRECIS) regional climate model (RCM) under the A2 and B2 emission scenarios across five rainfall zones. Trends in rainfall, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature extremes from the RCM are validated against meteorological stations over 1979–1989. The model displays greater skill at representing trends in consecutive wet days (CWD) and extreme rainfall (R95P) than consecutive dry days (CDD), wet days (R10), and maximum 5-day precipitation (RX5). Trends in warm nights, cool days, and warm days were generally well reproduced. Projections for 2071–2099 relative to 1961–1989 are obtained from the ECHAM5 driven RCM. Northern and eastern zones are projected to experience more intense rainfall under A2 and B2. There is less consensus across scenarios with respect to changes in the dry and wet spell lengths. However, there is indication that a drying trend may be manifest over zone 5 (Trinidad and northern Guyana). Changes in the extreme temperature indices generally suggest a warmer Caribbean towards the end of century across both scenarios with the strongest changes over zone 4 (eastern Caribbean).
Globalization of Authorship in the Marketing Discipline: Does It Help or Hinder the Field?

Marketing scholars have reflected upon the marketing discipline's internal evolution before. However, no prior study has assessed the globalization of authorship in our discipline, let alone assessed its consequences for the field. This paper addresses the following two questions: 1 Is there evidence of increasing globalization of authorship in the marketing discipline? 2 If so, does it help or hinder the field? Our work shows empirically how the globalization of our discipline evolved, how U.S. dominance is fading, and which countries experienced a rise in productivity of their affiliate and native scholars. Globalization hinders the field, because it has a negative effect on the impact of several major journals most importantly, the Journal of Marketing and the Journal of Marketing Research. Globalization helps the field, because it has a positive effect on the diversity of our discipline. Important implications of our research are: 1 Journals and sponsoring organizations should strive for more international meetings. 2 Editors, reviewers, and authors should pay more attention to the global relevance of the research they publish, review, and submit. 3 Individual researchers should aim to be part of the global community of marketing scientists through, for instance, international research visits.
BLOCK CIPHER ENCRYPTION FOR TEXT-TO-IMAGE ALGORITHM

The Internet is now providing many online services. These online services need both a client and a server to communicate with each other (this model is known as a client-server model). In this case, a client sends a request to the server and the server prepares the result and sends them back to the client. During the communication session, some sensitive data may be sent on both sides and thus it becomes necessary to protect the data from unauthorized users (known as hackers). One way to protect the data while sending them through the Internet is data encryption. The data encryption techniques are used to encrypt a given message into unreadable text using one or multiple encryption key(s). This way the user creates a secure path through the Internet making it difficult for hackers to guess the original text message. In previous work we proposed the Text-to-Image (TTIE) encryption algorithm and we analyzed the efficiency of this algorithm. In this paper, we propose the Block-Cipher TTIE (B-TTIE) algorithm.