Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonadherence to Guideline Recommendations for Tympanostomy Tube Insertion in Children Based on Mega-database Claims Analysis

Objective To estimate the nonadherence rate of pressure equalization (tympanostomy) tube (PET) placement in the preceding 3-year period before release of the 2013 American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation clinical practice guideline (CPG). Study Design Analysis of the Truven Health MarketScan Research Databases (2010-2012). Subjects and Methods Medical claims data from 2010 to 2012 were analyzed. Children aged ≤12 years with otitis media (OM)–related diagnoses were identified. Adherence and nonadherence rates for OM and PET placement were analyzed through administrative codes extrapolated from the key action statements (KASs) of the CPG. KASs were aggregated to estimate the overall nonadherence and determine areas for quality improvement. Results A total of 9,726,411 visits with OM-associated codes among 3,710,730 children were identified: 2.9% (80,451 of 3,239,700) were considered nonadherent to KAS 1 because a code for PET placement occurred with a first episode of OM with effusion <3 months; 52.1% (14,534 of 27,913) underwent PET placement for OM with effusion of >3 months and had a concurrent hearing loss code. For those without hearing loss who underwent PET placement, 48.3% (52,921 of 109,583) had a diagnosis code indicating risk for speech, language, or learning problems. For each KAS, we found heterogeneity of computed nonadherence rates by region, age, and season. Conclusion Before guideline dissemination, we found low to moderate rates of nonadherence to guideline recommendation. Deeper analysis of mega-databases could provide better insights for measurement of guideline adherence. The expansion of administrative and clinical databases provides a unique opportunity to investigate the impact of CPGs.
Epidemiology of Invasive Childhood Pneumococcal Infections in Israel

Objective. —To study the epidemiology of childhood pneumococcal invasive infections in Israel as a background for immunization programs. Design. —A 2-year (October 1988 through September 1990) prospective, nationwide surveillance of all invasive pediatric pneumococcal infections. Setting. —All 25 medical centers hospitalizing children in Israel, including all laboratories performing blood cultures from pediatric patients. Patients. —Infants and children aged 0 to 12 years visiting the pediatric emergency department or hospitalized in pediatric departments were included ifStreptococcus pneumoniaewas isolated from blood or cerebrospinal fluid. Results. —Four hundred sixty-nine invasive infections were diagnosed. Pneumonia, bacteremia without apparent focus, meningitis, and cellulitis were found in 39%, 37%, 17%, and 3%, respectively. The annual incidence was 42 per 100000 for children younger than 5 years of age (104 per 100000 for those Conclusions. —Pneumococcal invasive infections are common in children in Israel and carry considerable morbidity. (JAMA. 1992;268:3328-3332)
VS07 PRIORITY SCORING OF UNMET NEED FOR PATIENTS WITH VARICOSE VEINS

Purpose Surgery for symptomatic varicose veins (vv’s) has been shown to be clinically and cost effective but few varicose vein operations are performed at Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand. A scoring system has been designed by NZ Vascular Surgeons and The Ministry of Health to grade priority of patients with vv’s. The aim of this study was to assess how many patients, recently removed from the hospital waiting list, score highly enough to still warrant surgery.
Avaliação da flexibilidade muscular entre meninos e meninas de 7 e 8 anos

A flexibilidade muscular tem importante papel na prevencao de algumas patologias musculoesqueleticas, alem de influenciar a postura. A crianca em desenvolvimento apresenta maior flexibilidade. O objetivo deste foi avaliar a flexibilidade de criancas de 7 e 8 anos e a existencia de diferenca entre sexo e idade para essa variavel. Foram avaliadas 230 criancas das escolas municipais da cidade de Amparo, SP. A amostra constituiu-se de 130 meninas e 100 meninos saudaveis, com indice de massa corporal menor que o 85o percentil, que nao praticavam esporte institucionalizado ou exercicio fisico em frequencia maior que duas vezes e/ou 3 horas por semana. A flexibilidade foi medida pelo teste da distância do 3o dedo ao solo. Os dados foram tratados estatisticamente para verificar a existencia de diferencas de sexo e idade, adotando-se o nivel de significância de 5%. Foi encontrada diferenca significante de sexo (p=0,05), tendo as meninas apresentado maior distância (29,15±8,80 cm) 3o dedo-solo que os meninos (27,41±10,01 cm). Nao houve diferencas entre as idades (p=0,725). As meninas apresentaram menor flexibilidade que os meninos.
Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant Mitoquinone Reduces Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity in Guinea Pigs

Objective To determine if mitoquinone (MitoQ) attenuates cisplatin-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs. Study Design Prospective and controlled animal study. Setting Academic, tertiary medical center. Subjects and Methods Guinea pigs were injected subcutaneously with either 5 mg/kg MitoQ (n = 9) or normal saline (control, n = 9) for 7 days and 1 hour before receiving a single dose of 10 mg/kg cisplatin. Auditory brainstem response thresholds were measured before MitoQ or saline administration and 3 to 4 days after cisplatin administration. Results Auditory brainstem response threshold shifts after cisplatin treatment were smaller by 28 to 47 dB in guinea pigs injected with MitoQ compared with those in the control group at all tested frequencies (4, 8, 16, and 24 kHz, P = .0002 to .04). Scanning electron microscopy of cochlear hair cells showed less outer hair cell loss and damage in the MitoQ group. Conclusion MitoQ reduced cisplatin-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs. MitoQ appears worthy of further investigation as a means of preventing cisplatin ototoxicity in humans.
Sequential linear interpolation of multidimensional functions

We introduce a new approach that we call sequential linear interpolation (SLI) for approximating multidimensional nonlinear functions. The SLI is a partially separable grid structure that allows us to allocate more grid points to the regions where the function to be interpolated is more nonlinear. This approach reduces the mean squared error (MSE) between the original and approximated function while retaining much of the computational advantage of the conventional uniform grid interpolation. To obtain the optimal grid point placement for the SLI structure, we appeal to an asymptotic analysis similar to the asymptotic vector quantization (VQ) theory. In the asymptotic analysis, we assume that the number of interpolation grid points is large and the function to be interpolated is smooth. Closed form expressions for the MSE of the interpolation are obtained from the asymptotic analysis. These expressions are used to guide us in designing the optimal SLI structure. For cases where the assumptions underlying the asymptotic theory are not satisfied, we develop a postprocessing technique to improve the MSE performance of the SLI structure. The SLI technique is applied to the problem of color printer characterization where a highly nonlinear multidimensional function must be efficiently approximated. Our experimental results show that the appropriately designed SLI structure can greatly improve the MSE performance over the conventional uniform grid.
Pregabalin and addiction: lessons from published cases

Supported by theoretical considerations concerning the pharmacologic profile of pregabalin (PRG) (Chalabianloo & Schjøtt, 2009), single case reports (Carrus & Schifano, 2012; Filipetto et al., 2010; Gahr et al., 2013a; Grosshans et al., 2010; Papazisis et al., 2013; Skopp & Zimmer, 2012; Yargic & Ozdemiroglu, 2011), and pharmacovigilance data (Caster et al., 2011; Gahr et al., 2013b; Schwan et al., 2010) it is now widely accepted that PRG may induce addictive behaviors. PRG, however, is currently under investigation for the treatment of substance-related disorders such as benzodiazepine withdrawal treatment (Biermann et al., 2007; Oulis et al., 2008) as well as relapse prevention in alcohol (Martinotti et al., 2008) and benzodiazepine dependence (Oulis & Konstantakopoulos, 2012), making the potential of PRG to cause addictive behaviors particularly delicate. Due to insufficient data the assessment of the abuse liability of
Deep learning for epileptic intracranial EEG data

Detection algorithms for electroencephalography (EEG) data typically employ handcrafted features that take advantage of the signal's specific properties. In the field of interictal epileptic discharge (IED) detection, the feature representation that provides optimal classification performance is still an unresolved issue. In this paper, we consider deep learning for automatic feature generation from epileptic intracranial EEG data in the time domain. Specifically, we consider convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in a subject independent fashion and demonstrate that meaningful features, representing IEDs are automatically learned. The resulting model achieves state of the art classification performance, provides insights for the different types of IEDs within the group, and is invariant to time differences between the IEDs. This study suggests that automatic feature generation via deep learning is suitable for IEDs and EEG in general.
Inflammation and Cardiovascular Risk: An Overview

Endothelial dysfunction is an integral part of atherosclerosis and leads to a chronic inflammatory process within the atheromatous plaque. Measurements of inflammatory markers, particularly high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), can predict future cardiovascular events in the apparently healthy population and in the cardiovascular patient irrespective of lipid levels. Also, an elevated hs-CRP was a predictor of adverse events in patients undergoing revascularization and in unstable coronary patients. The inflammatory response seems to be independent of the extent of the atherosclerotic burden and might reflect a vascular hyperresponsive state to injury that varies among individuals and could be partly genetically predetermined. Inflammatory markers are currently being incorporated in predictor models of cardiovascular risk and in the stratification of responders to therapy.
Association between Nasal Obstruction and Risk of Depression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Objective Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is associated with an increased risk for depression. Since nasal obstruction is a symptom of CRS that is treatable, we sought to characterize its impact on the risk for depression in CRS. Study Design Prospective cross-sectional cohort of 94 patients with CRS. Setting Academic tertiary care rhinology clinic. Subjects and Methods Patients with CRS without vasculitis, cystic fibrosis, sarcoidosis, immunodeficiency, or sinonasal malignancy. Risk for depression was assessed with the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) while nasal obstruction was assessed with the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) instrument. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to seek association between NOSE and PHQ-2 scores. Analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves defined a NOSE threshold for detecting participants with PHQ-2 greater than 1. Results Of the 94 participants, the mean NOSE score was 47.3, and 29.8% of patients had a PHQ-2 score greater than 1. We found an elevated NOSE score was associated with having a PHQ-2 score greater than 1 (adjusted odds ratio, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05; P = .001). Alternatively, a 23-point increase in NOSE score was associated with a 1.5-fold increase in PHQ-2 score (adjusted relative risk, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03; P < .001). ROC analysis identified an optimal NOSE threshold of 42.5 for detecting participants with PHQ-2 greater than 1, with 82.1% sensitivity and 50.0% specificity. Conclusions The impact of nasal obstruction is associated with an increased risk for depression in patients with CRS. Assessing for severe nasal obstruction may help to identify those patients with CRS with the highest risk for depression.
Evaluating the Effect of Virtual Reality Temporal Bone Simulation on Mastoidectomy Performance: A Meta-analysis

Background The increasing prevalence of virtual reality simulation in temporal bone surgery warrants an investigation to assess training effectiveness. Objectives To determine if temporal bone simulator use improves mastoidectomy performance. Data Sources Ovid Medline, Embase, and PubMed databases were systematically searched per the PRISMA guidelines. Review Methods Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed publications that utilized quantitative data of mastoidectomy performance following the use of a temporal bone simulator. The search was restricted to human studies published in English. Studies were excluded if they were in non-peer-reviewed format, were descriptive in nature, or failed to provide surgical performance outcomes. Meta-analysis calculations were then performed. Results A meta-analysis based on the random-effects model revealed an improvement in overall mastoidectomy performance following training on the temporal bone simulator. A standardized mean difference of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.38-1.35) was generated in the setting of a heterogeneous study population (I2 = 64.3%, P < .006). Conclusion In the context of a diverse population of virtual reality simulation temporal bone surgery studies, meta-analysis calculations demonstrate an improvement in trainee mastoidectomy performance with virtual simulation training.
Institutionalization: A Continuation of Family Care

It is often assumed that with institutionalization comes an end to family caregiving. The goal of this study is to show that family caregiving continues even after institutionalization of the care recipient. The data come from 81 families who institutionalized their elders. The findings indicate that families remain involved in the care of the elder after institutionalization, although to a lesser degree and in different ways. Involvement in personal care tasks is reduced, not termi nated ; involvement in the specialized needs of the elder, such as their financial and legal concerns, continues, along with the new role of advocacy. The effects of caregiving are still felt by the primary caregiver, as are the effects of institutionalizing the care recipient.
Exact image deconvolution from multiple FIR blurs

We address the problem of restoring an image from its noisy convolutions with two or more blur functions (channels). Deconvolution from multiple blurs is, in general, better conditioned than from a single blur, and can be performed without regularization for moderate noise levels. We characterize the problem of missing data at the image boundaries, and show that perfect reconstruction is impossible (even in the no-noise case) almost surely unless there are at least three channels. Conversely, when there are at least three channels, we show that perfect reconstruction is not only possible almost surely in the absence of noise, but also that it can be accomplished by finite impulse response (FIR) filtering. Such FIR reconstruction is vastly more efficient computationally than the least-squares solution, and is suitable for low noise levels. Even in the high-noise case, the estimates obtained by FIR filtering provide useful starting points for iterative least-squares algorithms. We present results on the minimum possible sizes of such deconvolver filters. We derive expressions for the mean-square errors in the FIR reconstructions, and show that performance comparable to that of the least-squares reconstruction may be obtained with relatively small deconvolver filters. Finally, we demonstrate the FIR reconstruction on synthetic and real data.
Early and Late Recurrent Epistaxis Admissions: Patterns of Incidence and Risk Factors

Objective Epistaxis is a common complaint, yet few studies have focused on the incidence and risk factors of recurrent epistaxis. Our objective was to determine the patterns of incidence and risk factors for recurrent epistaxis admission (REA). Study Design Case series with chart review. Settings Single academic center. Subjects and Methods The medical records of patients admitted for epistaxis between 1999 and 2015 were reviewed. The follow-up period was defined as 3 years following initial admission. REAs were categorized as early (30 days) and late (31 days to 3 years) following initial admission. Logistic regression was used to identify potential predictors of REAs. Results A total of 653 patients were included. Eighty-six patients (14%) had REAs: 48 (7.5%) early and 38 (6.5%) late. Nonlinear incidence curve was demonstrated for both early and late REAs. Based on logistic regression, prior nasal surgery and anemia were independent risk factors for early REAs. According to multivariate analysis, thrombocytopenia was significantly associated with late REAs. Conclusion Early and late REAs demonstrate different risk predictors. Knowledge of such risk factors may help in risk stratification for this selected group of patients. All patients at risk should be advised on possible preventive measures. Patients at risk for early REA may benefit from a more proactive approach.
The Effect of the Breathing Technique With and Without Aromatherapy on the Length of the Active Phase and Second Stage of Labor

The Effect of the Breathing Technique With and Without Aromatherapy on the Length of the Active Phase and Second Stage of Labor ________________________________________ Katayon Vakilian 1, * ; and Afsaneh Keramat 2 1 Midwifery Department, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran 2 Nursing Department, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, IR Iran Abstract Background: Long and hard labor is a common complication of labor, which forms an important part of emergency Caesarean deliveries. Labor duration is an influencing factor on the pregnancy outcome and the injuries involving the mother and her fetus, such as infection, hemorrhage, and fetal distress. Objectives: This study was conducted intending to measure the duration of the first and the second stages of labor in mothers using the breathing techniques with lavender aroma. Materials and Methods: The project was a randomized trial study that was carried out with two groups of 60 respondents, where both used the breathing technique, one with and one without lavender essence. This study was done in Fatemieh hospital in Shahroud. The laboring mothers, being participated in the study, were candidates for vaginal delivery. The duration of the first stage of labor was recorded from cervical dilatation of three centimeters. The second stage of labor also was recorded from the full cervical dilatation time until child birth. The breathing technique was such that when the contraction began, a deep breath was taken and exhaled. Then fast shallow breathings, being 1.5 times more than ordinary breathing per minute, were performed. The mothers in the experimental group were asked to put the mask on their faces and inhale the lavender essence. In the control group, only the breathing technique was used. T-Test was used to compare the mean lengths of active phase and second phase of labor and demographic variables. Chi square test was used for nominal variables such as education and job. Results: The mean age in breathing technique with lavender and breathing technique alone were 25.5 ± 4.3 and 26 ± 4.9, respectively . Two groups were comparable in this regards (P = 0.6), but the length of active phase in interventional group was 7.85 ± 3.85 hours and in the control group it was 9.88 ± 6.65 hours. The decrease of the length of labor in the active phase was higher in the experimental group than that in the control group (P = 0.04). In the second stage, length of labor was 16.5 ± 5.7 and 28.9 ± 17.4 minutes in the experimental and control groups, respectively. Difference in length of labor was significant too (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The research showed that aromatherapy can be used to reduce labor duration. Keywords: Respiration; Lavandula; Complementary Therapies
Analysis of limited-entry well tests in layered reservoirs

Vertical permeability, often a key parameter in reservoir engineering, can be calculated from the analysis of a limited entry pressure transient. Analytical solutions for limited entry welltests, where a fraction of the reservoir interval is perforated, have been available in the literature for some time. This paper considers the evaluation of limited entry welltests in heterogeneous layered formations. A number of field examples have been analyzed using both conventional analytical techniques and a new general purpose numerical welltest analysis application. The examples show that in layered formations vertical permeability can be significantly under estimated by conventional analytical analysis.
A JBIG-based approach to the encoding of contour maps

Recently, a new technique for the lossless encoding of contour maps was introduced, based on the concept of "transition points". In this paper, we show that by using a simple representation for the transition points, i.e., the map of transition points, the problem of encoding arbitrary contour maps can be easily converted into a problem of lossless image coding. Experimental results show that the Joint Bilevel Image Experts Group (JBIG) image coding standard can be used successfully for encoding maps of transition points, outperforming, in most cases, differential chain-coding. Moreover, if we take into account that JBIG codecs are available as "off-the-shelf" components, then the effort required to implement the proposed method is small.
Violencia contra trabajadores sanitarios en un hospital de Andalucía: ¿Por qué hay agresiones no registradas?

Introduction: the aggressions in the place job are a growing problem in customer service professions; the health workers are too affected. There is an important under registration. Objectives: Know the level of under registration and analyze their motivations. Compare two groups of workers: who reported and who didn’t report. Abril junio 2013 Med Segur Trab (Internet) 2013; 59 (231) 235-258 Violencia contra trabajadores sanitarios en un hospital de Andalucía, ¿por qué hay agresiones no registradas? Iván Arturo Mayorca Yancán, Silvia Lucena García, María Elena Cortés Martínez, María Ángeles Lucerna Méndez 236 MEDICINA y SEGURIDAD del trabajo Methodology: is an observational and descriptive assessment, performed in a second level hospital, in 2011. The workers filled a questionnaire previously piloted. Results: were obtained 250 surveys, there were 102 assaults, 69 cases were not declared, the most were verbal. The leading motivations for under registration were: believe the registry is unuseful 32.8%, or considered normal the attack 25.4%. Assaulted worker profile: woman, 37 years old, nurse of urgencies in shifts of morning. Aggressor profile: patient or relative, man, 42.5 years old. The workers who reported most frequently were singles (69.6%) and workers in shifts (61.2%). Conclusions: Too many times the health workers minimize violence episodes. Therefore is necessary training in the importance of the aggressions registries. Med Segur Trab (Internet) 2013; 59 (231) 235-258
The First Year on the Job: Experiences of New Professionals in Student Affairs

Ten new student affairs professionals participated in this longitudinal study of their first year on the job. This qualitative study used online data collection. Participants submitted monthly responses to open-ended prompts inquiring about their experiences, challenges, and surprises. Over three time phases (Pre-Employment and Orientation, Transition, and Settled In), three themes emerged: the importance of relationships, institutional and professional fit, and issues of competence and confidence. Findings suggest several implications for practice, including preparing new professionals, being a new professional, and supervising new professionals. The authors suggest areas for future research.