Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Culture Medium Supplementation with b-mercaptoethanol and Amino Acid on Canine Intergeneric Embryo Development with Porcine Oocyte Cytoplasm Recipient

The present study investigated the effect of culture medium supplementation with mercaptoethanol ( ME) and amino acid (AA) on canine intergeneric embryo development with porcine oocyte cytoplasm. Porcine cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected from slaughterhouse and matured in TCM-199 supplemented with 26.2 mM NaHCO, 3.05 mM glucose, 0.91 mM sodium pyruvate, 0.57 mM L-cysteine, 75 mg/l kanamycin, 10 ng/ml 3 epidermal growth factor, equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), 10 IU/ml human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and 10% (v/v) porcine follicular fluid (pFF) at 39 °C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO for 42-44 h and donor cell 2 collected from ear skin afghanhound male dog. After somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), embryo development were examined for cleavage rate and 144 hr for final development after cultured in media. The result shows that, amino acid and mercapoethanol addition in culture medium (NCSU-23) have no effect on embryo development. The development rate of embryo until 16 cell stage in NCSU and NCSU supplement are 4.67% and morula stage are 3.73% and 4.67%. Key words : intergeneric clone embryo, canine, ( amino acid (AA)
Theoretical and experimental investigation of density jump on an inclined surface

The density jump on an inclined surface is analyzed using integral method by applying mass and momentum conservation equations. The jump occurs in a two-layered fluid flow, in which the upper layer is stagnant and very deep. A relation is derived which gives the conjugate depth ratio as a function of inlet densimetricFroude number, inlet concentration ratio, bed slope, and entrainment. A set of experiments are performed to verify the relation. The theory and the measurements are in good agreement. The analysis reveals that increasing the surface inclination results in a decrease in the conjugate depth ratio. This analysis also shows that the densimetric Froude number just after the jump is a function of the inlet densimetric Froude number and surface inclination and not inlet concentration. The model predicts a critical Froude number of 1.12 for horizontal internal hydraulic jumps in salt-water density flows. It also reveals that the critical Froude number for internal hydraulic jumps in salt-water density flows increases with surface inclination and decreases with inlet concentration of the flow.
Responses of coastal osmotrophic planktonic communities to simulated events of turbulence and nutrient load throughout a year

A year-long series of monthly experiments with laboratory enclosures were conducted with water from Blanes Bay (NW Mediterranean) to analyse the change in the short-time response of the osmotrophic planktonic community to simulated turbulence and nutrient input events. Both experimental factors triggered a relative increase of biomass in the enclosures, in terms of chlorophyll a, bacteria and particulate organic matter. Ratios of particulate organic nitrogen to phosphorus became lower in the water than in the sediment, although turbulence partially smoothed out this difference. Initial physico-chemical conditions significantly influenced the short-time responses to experimental forcing. The response to turbulence, in terms of chlorophyll a, was maximum in spring. The response to nutrient enrichment was found to be seasonal, and was correlated with photoperiod and temperature, and also in situ nitrate and silicate concentrations and Secchi depth, which are proxies of recent inputs of nutrients resulting from episodes of resuspension and river discharge. This study shows robust qualitative regularities in the response of the osmotrophic planktonic community to episodes of turbulence and nutrient enrichment, with quantitative variability throughout the year, depending mostly on the recent record of hydrodynamic forcing.
EFFECT OF ANTI-NUTRITIONAL FACTORS ON RUMEN BACTERIA OF WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS FED TROPICAL BROWSE SPECIES AND CROP BY-PRODUCTS

In this study, the effects of anti-nutritional factors on rumen bacteria of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats fed tropical browse species and crop by-products were investigated. In a completely randomized design, 36 WAD goats were allotted to six (6) supplemental diets (Gmelina arborea, Enterolobium cyclocarpum, Albizia saman, Maize offal, Cassava peels and Palm kernel cake), with six replicates per treatment. Animals were fed for 84 days with Panicum maximum as basal diet. Results revealed the presence of anti-nutritional components in supplemental browse species and crop residues. Hydrocyanide was highest (P<0.05) in cassava peels while tannin content was highest (P<0.05) in the browse species relative to the crop residues. Results also showed reduction in microbial population in goats fed Gmelina arborea, Enterolobium cyclocarpum, Albizia saman, Cassava peels and Palm kernel cake. Goats on maize offal supplemented diet showed increases in microbial population. Adverse effects of anti-nutritional content in feeds fed to animals were not detected in terms of intake and weight gain performances. The reduction in microbial population in the rumen, however, indicates possibilities of bactericidal effect with feeding diets containing anti-nutritional components.
The Relationship between Financial Flexibility and Capital Structure Decisions

Making decisions about capital structure is one of the most challenging and problematic issues companies face and thereby it is the most crucial decisions companies have to make for their survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between financial flexibility and capital structure decisions in accepted companies in Tehran Stock Exchange with using Falkner and Wang Model. Results of testing hypothesis which are based on a sample- that is consisted of 82 firms for a period of five years from 2006 to 2011- using multivariate linear regression models as well as panel data method, implied that marginal value of cash is negative in terms of market, i.e. the market is not willing to raise funds and will not evaluate this increase to be positive in funds. Furthermore, findings represent that there is no significant relationship between marginal value of financial flexibility and capital structure decisions of firms and firms would not pay attention to financial flexibility level in their decisions regarding increasing or decreasing debts, which in long term would result in loosing financial flexibility as well as profitable investment opportunities.
Study of knowledge and contraception practices in low socio-economic women of Delhi

Background: Objective of current study was to assess the knowledge and practice of contraception among the low socio-economic women of reproductive age group in Delhi. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 272 low socio-economic women attending a family planning clinic at a Delhi municipal corporation hospital, of which 106 came for Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) and 166 came for family planning advice. They were interrogated through a pre-designed structured questionnaire, to evaluate their knowledge and practices towards regular contraceptive methods, Emergency Contraception (EC) and medical abortion. They were counselled about the available contraceptive methods and allowed to make choices according to their suitability. Results: All women belonged to low socio-economic group according to the modified Kuppuswamy scale. 22.1% were illiterate. 47.8% were ignorant of contraception. 38.3% women were aware of EC. Only 24.2% knew about medical abortion. The main reasons cited for not using contraception was desire for male child (24.6%), fear of side effects (20%), desire for another child (20%), opposition from family members (15.4%), inaccessibility (4.6%) and inconvenience and lack of privacy (5.4%). Conclusions: This study highlights that lack of education, knowledge and awareness led to inadequate usage of regular methods of contraception in reproductive age group women belonging to low socio-economic status. Thus only availability is not sufficient to reach optimum female health. Accessibility need to be increased by educating females and motivating couples to make adequate use of existing family planning methods and resources. In contrast the awareness for emergency contraception is more than regular methods. It mandates need to educate women that emergency contraception should not replace regular methods.
The relationship between power distance and organizational commitment in primary schools

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between organizational commitment and power distance. The study has a correlational survey research model. The population of the study consists of a total of 4838 teachers working in the primary schools in the center of the city of Balikesir and in the centers of its districts in the 2012-2013 educational year. The sample of the study consists of 1506 teachers that were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data were collected using Power Distance Scale and Organizational Commitment Scaleby lopment Hofstede. In data analysis, independent group t-test and ANOVA were used. In order to determine the level of the relationship between power distance and organizational commitment, Pearson correlation test and simple linear regression analysis were performed. The study has found that the level of the power distance that the teachers perceive in schools was at the medium level and that their commitment to their institutions was mostly emotional commitment. The correlation between power distance and organizational commitment was found to be negative, at low level and significant. In the sub dimensions of organizational commitment, the correlation between power distance and emotional and normative commitment was found to be negative; and the correlation between power distance and attendance commitment was found to be low and positive. Key words: Power, Power Distance, Commitment, Organizational Commitment.
Analysis on β and σ Convergences of East Asian Currencies

This paper focuses on recent events which include the RMB reform in China and the global financial crisis to investigate statistically recent diverging trends among East Asian currencies. For the purpose, their weighted average value (Asian Monetary Unit: AMU) and their deviations (AMU Deviation Indicators) from benchmark levels are used to analyze both β and σ convergences of East Asian currencies. Our analytical results show that the monetary authority of China has still kept stabilizing the exchange rate of the Chinese yuan against only the US dollar even though it announced its adoption of a managed floating exchange rate system with reference to a currency basket. Analytical results on β and σ convergences show that deviations among the East Asian currencies have been diverging in recent years, especially after 2005. The widening deviations reflect not the RMB reform but recent international capital flows and the global financial crisis. In addition, it is important as its background that the monetary authorities of the countries are adopting a variety of exchange rate systems. In other words, a coordination failure in adopting exchange rate systems among these monetary authorities increases volatility and misalignment of intraregional exchange rates in East Asia.
A variation of Sternberg's paradigm

An investigation was carried out to test Sternberg’s stage theory using his additive-factor method. Three factors were proposed that would have additive effects on RT and two factors that would not. Ss were presented stimuli in the form of colors and sound frequencies under varying combinations of mode, stimulus quality, list length, and response type. Ss were also blocked according to sex. Results revealed only stimulus quality and list length to be additive. Response type interacted with list length. Males were faster than females but the sex factor was differentially influencing two of the proposed stages in Sternberg’s model. The experiment failed to find any differences between the auditory and visual modes. In light of the present findings a re-evaluation of Sternberg’s model was discussed.
Effect of Ramadan fasting on some physiological parameters

Ramadan fasting (RF) is obligatory on all Muslims every year with the exception of sick, travelers & pregnant women. Several studies were done on the effect of RF on many physiological parameters. Some of the results are controver sial. The present study was undertaken to established the effect of RF on some blood parameters There is a slight decrease in body weight , but the difference is not significant. Also, there is slight decrease in blood glucose, but this reduction is not si gnificant reduction. While there is non significant increase in blood urea. However, the effect of RF on lipid profile was also done in this study. It was found a significant decrease in serum cholesterol from 162.3 at the beginning of Ramadan to 147.7 mg/ dl at the end of Ramadan. And, there is a significant decrease in serum triglycerides from 91.5 to 79.5 mg/dl. Moreover, a significant decrease in serum LDL - cholesterol from 121.7 to 78.1 mg/dl at the end of Ramadan. While, there is a significant incre ase in serum HDL - cholesterol from 26.1 at the beginning of Ramadan to 33.4 mg/dl at the end of Ramadan. So, HDL is associated with a decreased risk of coronary heart disease. For this reason, Ramadan fasting is a good protection of cardiovascular system.
Isolation and structural elucidation of compounds from the non-alkaloidal extract of Nicandra physaloides and the antimicrobial activity of withanicandrin

The aerial parts of Nicandra physaloides plant collected from Kenyatta National Hospital grounds were dried and subjected to acid-base extraction and partitioned to obtain alkaloidal and non-alkaloidal extracts. The non-alkaloidal extract yielded three compounds; withanicandrin, â-sitosterol and stigmasterol after column chromatography. Withanicandrin exhibited antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans but lacked antibacterial activity. Key words: Nicandra physaloides , withanicandrin, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, antifungal activity.
Comparitive Studies on Antimicrobial Activity of Ulva reticulata and Ulva lactuca against Human Pathogens

ABSTRACT Marine algae are not only the primary and major producers of organic matter in the sea, but they also exert profound effects on the density and distribution of other inhabitants of the marine environment. The present study was conducted to compare the antimicrobial activity of Ulva reticulata and Ulva lactuca solvent extracts against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The seaweeds Ulva reticulata and Ulva lactuca were collected and powdered. The powdered material was extracted using the organic solvents viz., methanol, acetone, chloroform, hexane and ethyl acetate. Antimicrobial activity of Ulva reticulata and Ulva lactuca solvent extracts was determined by Disc diffusion method. Among the solvents tested, methanol extract showed maximum inhibitory activity than other solvents. The results also indicated that scientific studies carried out on medicinal plants having traditional claims of effectiveness might warrant fruitful results. These plants could serve as useful source of new antimicrobial agents.
MULTIPLE SOLUTIONS RESULT FOR THE MIXED TYPE NONLINEAR ELLIPTIC PROBLEM

We obtain a theorem that shows the existence of multiple solutions for the mixed type nonlinear elliptic equation with Dirichlet boundary condition. Here the nonlinear part contain the jumping nonlinearity and the subcritical growth nonlinearity. We first show the existence of a positive solution and next find the second nontrivial solution by applying the variational method and the mountain pass method in the critical point theory. By investigating that the functional I satisfies the mountain pass geometry we show the existence of at least two nontrivial solutions for the equation.
Prevalence of workplace bullying of South African employees : original research

Orientation: Workplace bullying has negative physical and psychological effects on employees and several negative effects on organisations. Research purpose: The purpose of the research was to determine the prevalence of workplace bullying in South Africa and whether there are differences in employeesâ? experiences of bullying with regard to socio-demographic characteristics, sense of coherence (SOC) and diversity experiences. Motivation for the study: This study intended to draw attention to the implications and negative effects of workplace bullying and to determine whether employees with certain socio-demographic characteristics, SOC levels and diversity experiences experience higher levels of bullying than others do. Research design, approach and method: The researchers used a cross-sectional field survey approach. They used an availability sample (N = 13 911). They computed frequencies to determine the prevalence of workplace bullying and used a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and analyses of variance (ANOVAs) to determine the differences between the groups. Main findings: The results showed that 31.1% of the sample had experienced workplace bullying. The researchers found significant differences between all the socio-demographic groups. Participants with higher levels of SOC, and who experienced diversity positively, reported lower levels of workplace bullying. Practical/managerial implications: Employers need to realise that workplace bullying is a common problem amongst South African employees and should ensure that they have the necessary prevention methods. Contribution/value-add: This study contributes to the limited research on the prevalence of workplace bullying and its relationship with SOC and diversity experiences in the South African workplace.
Predicting Economic Crisis using Financial to Real Sector Disproportion: Theory And Evidence

The paper analyzes the possibility of implementing the financial/real sector ratio as a predictor of economic crisis using evidence based upon US economy data (volumes of financial and real sectors of the economy estimated for each year between 1867 and 2014). The study suggests that the implementation of this predictor requires the use of quantum-based approach (i.e. Heisenberg uncertainty principle) aiming to evaluate disproportions between financial and real sectors of the economy to use the corresponding ratio as an indicator of upcoming economic crisis. Thus, the suggested theory is based upon developmental theory and quantum theory, while the evidential part of the study includes the evaluation of financial and real sectors’ dynamics by means of graph analysis and wavelet transform. The quantitative results support the hypothesis that the ratio between the financial and real sectors of the economy, assessed by means of wavelet transform, can be used as a predictor of economic crisis 4-5 years prior to its occurrence. Wavelet transform also allows indicating the possible intensity of the upcoming crisis.
Causes of Bankruptcy in Europe and Croatia

Bankruptcy is an interesting object of research, being habitually perceived as a shocking and scandalous event, tarnishing management reputation, stigmatizing its owners, and regularly leading to a dishonourable death of the company, leaving outstanding debts in legacy. Its interdisciplinary character makes it even more challenging and extends the reasons for researching it in depth. Apart from these motives, recently a number of researchers significantly contributed to this field, and some of them will be presented in this paper. On its way to becoming a member of the EU, the Croatian economy (and society in general) extensively compares its characteristics with the existing members. Since Croatian bankruptcy law is for the most part transferred from the corresponding German Insolvenzordnung (Insolvency law), German experiences in this field are especially interesting for Croatian bankruptcy researchers. Even though being a part of the EU, the United Kingdom’s Anglo-Saxon legislative theory and practice is relatively different from those of mainland Europe, therefore making it attractive for comparison. This triangle of country-specific bankruptcy features, where Germany and the United Kingdom embody rich diversity of the European Union, and Croatia symbolizes new member states (although not yet being a constituent) with their particular transition traits, is fit into Ooghe and Waeyaert’s (2004) universal, conceptual failure model. Thus, first presented will be a general bankruptcy cause model. Ooghe and De Prijcker (2006) presented four main types of failure processes. Their findings of bankruptcy causes are based on a case study of bankrupt Belgian companies but can be generalized as universal bankruptcy causes. They are examined in the second section. According to this model country-specific (the United Kingdom, Germany and Croatia) insolvency causes will be studied. Euler Hermes Kreditversicherung and the Center for Insolvency and Reorganization at the University of Mannheim published in November 2006 a comprehensive study of bankruptcy causes. This research and its results are exhibited in the third section, as well as an overview of the less recent Wieselhuber & Partner (2003) study of the insolvency causes and success factors of reorganization from the insolvency. At the same time the Euler Hermes and the Center for Insolvency and Reorganization study was being finalized, unacquainted with it, a somewhat similar research was being conducted in Croatia. Our research of bankruptcy causes in Croatia is presented in the fourth section. Finally, the concluding remarks will summarize the main findings of this paper.
Evaluation of coagulation sludge from raw water treated with Moringa oleifera for agricultural use

Coagulation-flocculation is a physical-chemical process responsible for producing the largest amount of sludge in the purification of natural raw water. Conventionally, aluminum sulfate or alum has been used as a coagulant. However, disposal of the sludge produced has been problematic for the environment due to excess aluminum. Currently, the convenience of using natural coagulants such as seed extracts from Moringa oleifera (MO) is being studied, although, the properties of sewage sludge produced and its possible reuse are unknown. In this paper the physical-chemical, nutritional and dangerous characteristics from MO sludge were evaluated by using standard methods to verify its potential use in agricultural soils. Results indicated that pH, electrical conductivity, ion exchange capacity, organic matter and micronutrients from sludge were suitable for application to soils with agricultural potential; but deficiency of macronutrients and presence of fecal coliforms limits it to be used as soil improver and not as fertilizer. Sludge stabilization with hydrated lime at doses greater than or equal to 3 % was effective to ensure the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms and to obtain a Class A sludge, unrestricted for agricultural use and suitable for acid soils.