Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The dependence of oxygen and nitrogen abundances on stellar mass from the CALIFA survey

We analysed the optical spectra of HII regions extracted from a sample of 350 galaxies of the CALIFA survey. We calculated total O/H abundances and, for the first time, N/O ratios using the semi-empirical routine HII-CHI-mistry, which, according to Perez-Montero (2014), is consistent with the direct method and reduces the uncertainty in the O/H derivation using [NII] lines owing to the dispersion in the O/H-N/O relation. Then we performed linear fittings to the abundances as a function of the de-projected galactocentric distances. The analysis of the radial distribution both for O/H and N/O in the non-interacting galaxies reveals that both average slopes are negative, but a non-negligible fraction of objects have a flat or even a positive gradient (at least 10\% for O/H and 4\% for N/O). The slopes normalised to the effective radius appear to have a slight dependence on the total stellar mass and the morphological type, as late low-mass objects tend to have flatter slopes. No clear relation is found, however, to explain the presence of inverted gradients in this sample, and there is no dependence between the average slopes and the presence of a bar. The relation between the resulting O/H and N/O linear fittings at the effective radius is much tighter (correlation coefficient $\rho_s$ = 0.80) than between O/H and N/O slopes ($\rho_s$ = 0.39) or for O/H and N/O in the individual \hii\ regions ($\rho_s$ = 0.37). These O/H and N/O values at the effective radius also correlate very tightly (less than 0.03 dex of dispersion) with total luminosity and stellar mass. The relation with other integrated properties, such as star formation rate, colour, or morphology, can be understood only in light of the found relation with mass.
Human balancing of an inverted pendulum: position control by small, ballistic‐like, throw and catch movements

In standing, there are small sways of the body. Our interest is to use an artificial task to illuminate the mechanisms underlying the sways and to account for changes in their size. Using the ankle musculature, subjects balanced a large inverted pendulum. The equilibrium of the pendulum is unstable and quasi‐regular sway was observed like that in quiet standing. By giving full attention to minimising sway subjects could systematically reduce pendulum movement. The pendulum position, the torque generated at each ankle and the soleus and tibialis anterior EMGs were recorded. Explanations about how the human inverted pendulum is balanced usually ignore the fact that balance is maintained over a range of angles and not just at one angle. Any resting equilibrium position of the pendulum is unstable and in practice temporary; movement to a different resting equilibrium position can only be accomplished by a biphasic ‘throw and catch’ pattern of torque and not by an elastic mechanism. Results showed that balance was achieved by the constant repetition of a neurally generated ballistic‐like biphasic pattern of torque which can control both position and sway size. A decomposition technique revealed that there was a substantial contribution to changes in torque from intrinsic mechanical ankle stiffness; however, by itself this was insufficient to maintain balance or to control position. Minimisation of sway size was caused by improvement in the accuracy of the anticipatory torque impulses. We hypothesise that examination of centre of mass and centre of pressure data for quiet standing will duplicate these results.
First-Order Singular Basis Functions for Corner Diffraction Analysis Using the Method of Moments

This paper presents a set of divergence-conforming basis functions to model the behavior of surface currents near the edges and corners of an infinitely-thin, perfectly-conducting polygonal flat plate. The basis functions are derived by imposing the edge and corner conditions on the first-order basis functions. Current distributions obtained using the new set of basis functions are compared with the exact solutions for several scattering configurations. Even though the proposed basis functions are not highest order complete, they provide accurate results without incurring complexity in the analysis or additional computational requirements.
Analysis of the chicken DNA fragments that contain structural sites of attachment to the nuclear matrix: DNA–matrix interactions and replication

Ten short DNA fragments have been selected from a library of the nuclear matrix–attached DNA (nmDNA) from chicken erythrocytes by their ability to hybridize with the fraction of chicken replication origins isolated by nascent DNA strand extrusion. The primary structure of these fragments has been determined. Five of the sequences contained a topoisomerase II recognition site. Most of the studied DNA fragments also have a common eight‐nucleotide motif, GCAGACCG/A. A sequence‐specific DNA‐binding protein with a MW of 55 kDa that interacted with this motif has been identified. Some of the cloned DNA fragments promoted an increased level of transient plasmid replication in transfected chicken cells. The ability of plasmid bearing nmDNA fragments to replicate correlated directly with their ability to target plasmids to the nuclear matrix compartment. J. Cell. Biochem. 79:1–14, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Analytic Model for the Stream Control Transmission Protocol

SCTP is a new transport layer protocol extending the functionality of TCP with support for performance enhancing services such as multihoming and multistreaming. Unfortunately, an accurate mathematical model, able to approximate performance results, still eludes the research community. Previous models either fail to provide practicality, or are too simplified in their assumptions. This paper aims to circumvent these problems by developing an analytic model containing a higher degree of information. The result is a more accurate model that approximates the steady-state throughput of an SCTP session
Growth characteristics of Escherichia coli HB101[pGEc47] on defined medium.

This paper shows that differences in growth behavior of Escherichia coli strain HB101 and strain HB101[pGEc47] can be related to yeast extract-enriched medium rather than plasmid properties. An optimal medium for growth of E. coli HB101[pGEc47] was designed based on the individual yield coefficients for specific medium components (NH4+ 6 g g-1, PO43- 14 g g-1, SO42- 50 g g-1). The yield coefficient for L-leucine depends on the glucose content of the medium (20 g g-1 for 3% glucose, 40 g g-1 for 1% glucose) and the yield coefficient for L-proline depends on the cultivation mode (20 g g-1 for batch cultivation, 44 g g-1 for continuous cultivation). Growth on defined medium after medium optimization is as rapid as on complex medium (0. 42-0.45 h-1). The critical dilution rate (DR) in the defined medium above which undesired production of acetic acid occurs is in the range of 0.23-0.26 h-1.
Near-Complete Genome Sequence of Clostridium paradoxum Strain JW-YL-7

ABSTRACT Clostridium paradoxum strain JW-YL-7 is a moderately thermophilic anaerobic alkaliphile isolated from the municipal sewage treatment plant in Athens, GA. We report the near-complete genome sequence of C. paradoxum strain JW-YL-7 obtained by using PacBio DNA sequencing and Pilon for sequence assembly refinement with Illumina data.
Biological, psychological and social processes in the conduct disorders.

BACKGROUND This paper reviews recent evidence on the causes and maintenance of aggressive and disruptive behaviours in childhood and adolescence. It considers the relative merits of several different ways of conceptualising such problems, in relation to the contribution of biological, psychological and social factors. METHOD It focuses on conduct problems appearing in young childhood, which greatly increase the likelihood of persistent antisocial behaviours in adolescence and adult life in association with wider interpersonal and social role impairments. It considers the contribution of individual factors, including impaired verbal skills, deficits in executive functions, and an imbalance between behavioural activation and inhibition systems. These are viewed in interaction with commonly associated environmental disadvantages such as hostile or intrusive parenting. The roles of attributional biases, unrealistic self-evaluations, and insecure attachment are considered in relation to affect regulation, and effective social action. The contributions of the wider social environments of peers, neighbourhood and socio-economic conditions are evaluated. CONCLUSIONS The paper concludes that, although considerable progress has been made over the past ten years, there is a need to further refine our conceptualisation of the behaviours to be explained, to develop a coherent theory of the causal and maintaining processes, and to carry out prospective studies with adequate numbers of high risk children.
B cells.

The mammalian immune system functions to protect the host from infection, tissue injury, and reactivity to its own tissues. If cells and mediators of the immune system become dysfunctional or develop inappropriate responses, then diseases and complications will occur. Advances in immunologic research have clearly increased our appreciation for the complexity involved in the regulation of responses by cells and soluble factors of the immune system in that a deficient or misdirected immune response can lead to serious complications. Our intent is to present a concise overview of the role of B cells in regulation of the host immune response and, whenever possible, relate B-cell regulation of immunity to injury and sepsis. However, before discussing this topic, it is essential to briefly discuss how B cells fit within the context of the whole immune system. Cells of the immune system are divided into innate and adaptive immune cell types based on whether they have the capacity to alter their immune surveillance receptors following development. Innate immune cells do not have the ability to alter the reactivity of their receptors, whereas adaptive immune cells, which include T and B cells, have the ability to react to pathogens or tissue antigens and then undergo rearrangement of their immune recognition receptors. This allows adaptive immune cells to develop a stronger reactivity, immunologic memory, and a more potent and sustained immunity against pathogens. In general, cells of the innate immune system do not develop immunologic memory but do play an essential role in immediate immune protection and in the initiation of adaptive immune responses. B Cells
Analysis of family satisfaction in intensive care unit.

OBJECTIVES To know the needs and level of family members' satisfaction is an essential part of the care provided to critically ill patients in intensive care units. The objective of this study was to identify the level of family members' satisfaction in an intensive care unit. METHODS A descriptive survey was carried out in the general adult intensive care unit of the Hospital Português (Salvador - BA) from November 2007 to January 2008. Jonhson's 14-question modified version of the Critical Care Family Needs Inventory was used to evaluate satisfaction of family members. RESULTS Fifty three family members were included, mean age was 44 years and 68% were female. The median of family members satisfaction level was 11 (IQI = 9-13). Critical Care Family Need Inventory, questions with higher percentiles of satisfaction were those stating that family members felt that the patient was receiving the best possible care (96%) and that the information provided was honest (96%). The questions with lower percentiles of satisfaction were those stating that family members believed that someone in the intensive care unit had shown interest in their feelings (45%) and that a healthcare professional had explained how the intensive care unit equipment was used (41%). CONCLUSIONS Most family members positively evaluated the intensive care unit professionals in the questions related to communication, attitude and patient care. However, there was a lower level of satisfaction in the questions related to the intensive care unit professionals' ability to comfort family members.
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) in Diagnostic and Investigative Neuropathology

Over the last decade, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has emerged as a powerful clinical and research tool for the assessment of target DNA dosages within interphase nuclei. Detectable alterations include aneusomies, deletions, gene amplifications, and translocations, with primary advantages to the pathologist including its basis in morphology, its applicability to archival, formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) material, and its similarities to immunohistochemistry. Recent technical advances such as improved hybridization protocols, markedly expanded probe availability resulting from the human genome sequencing initiative, and the advent of high‐throughput assays such as gene chip and tissue microarrays have greatly enhanced the applicability of FISH. In our lab, we currently utilize only a limited battery of DNA probes for routine diagnostic purposes, with determination of chromosome 1p and 19q dosage in oligodendroglial neoplasms representing the most common application. However, research applications are numerous and will likely translate into a growing list of clinically useful markers in the near future. In this review, we highlight the advantages and disadvantages of FISH and familiarize the reader with current applications in diagnostic and investigative neuropathology.
Diseño inmaterial - Hacia la desmaterialización y digitalización de productos y servicios como herramienta de sostenibilidad

La crisis ambiental es tambien un problema de comportamiento, y no esta limitado solamente a tecnologia, produccion y volumen. Por lo tanto, con la evolucion y los avances en la tecnologia, los procesos y metodos de produccion para desarrar nuevos productos y servicios, es necesario analizar el nuevo papel del diseno en la sociedad actual. El objetivo propuesto de este estudio es el de describir la relacion entre dinamicas de desmaterializacion y digitalizacion (o informacionalizacion) de productos y servicios y la sostenibilidad. La investigacion se lleva a cabo a partir de un estudio de caso con un enfoque cualitativo y un enfasis analitico-descriptivo, sobre la manera en que factores tales como los avances tecnologicos, junto con los comportamientos y las emociones de los usuarios influyen en la configuracion de productos y servicios y su relacion con la sostenibilidad. Es importante resaltar hasta que punto se puede sentir amenazado el "know how" del disenador con la aparicion, cada vez mas frecuente, de productos y servicios desmaterializados y/o digitalizados. En este sentido, se plantea que, mas que una amenaza, puede ser una oportunidad para evolucionar, considerando enfoques sistemicos desde una perspectiva multi-objetivo, multidimensional y multidisciplinaria. El presente analisis podria proporcionar pistas en el campo del diseno, teniendo en cuenta el contexto inmaterial para desarrollar productos y servicios desmaterializados y digitalizados, comprometidos con una sociedad mas sostenible. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.4995/IFDP.2016. 3695
Difference between plasma N- and C-terminally directed beta-endorphin immunoreactivity in infantile autism.

OBJECTIVE The authors investigated whether there is excessive opioid activity in infantile autism by measuring plasma beta-endorphin in patients with autism compared with patients who had Rett's syndrome and normal comparison subjects. METHODS Radioimmunoassays for beta-endorphin using C-terminally and N-terminally directed antisera were applied to plasma samples from 67 children who met both DSM-III-R and ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for infantile autism, 22 girls with Rett's syndrome, and 67 normal children matched in age and sex with the children with autism. RESULTS Median N-terminally directed beta-endorphin immunoreactivity appeared to be slightly lower in subjects with autism (7 pg/ml) and clearly higher in the girls with Rett's syndrome (40 pg/ml) than in the comparison subjects (9 pg/ml). Median C-terminally directed beta-endorphin immunoreactivity was higher in the girls with Rett's syndrome (35 pg/ml) and much higher in patients with autism (70 pg/ml) than in comparison subjects (8 pg/ml). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the existence of a wide discrepancy between C- and N-terminally directed beta-endorphin immunoreactivity among children with autism. Despite the fact that the nature of the antigen recognized in the plasma of autistic children by the C-terminally directed anti-beta-endorphin serum remains to be characterized, the difference between C- and N-terminally directed beta-endorphin immunoreactivity might suggest an abnormal processing of the pro-opiomelanocortin gene in infantile autism.
Design of Reinforcement Learning Parameters for Seamless Application of Adaptive Traffic Signal Control

Adaptive traffic signal control (ATSC) is a promising technique to alleviate traffic congestion. This article focuses on the development of an adaptive traffic signal control system using Reinforcement Learning (RL) as one of the efficient approaches to solve such stochastic closed loop optimal control problem. A generic RL control engine is developed and applied to a multi-phase traffic signal at an isolated intersection in Downtown Toronto in a simulation environment. Paramics, a microscopic simulation platform, is used to train and evaluate the adaptive traffic control system. This article investigates the following dimensions of the control problem: 1) RL learning methods, 2) traffic state representations, 3) action selection methods, 4) traffic signal phasing schemes, 5) reward definitions, and 6) variability of flow arrivals to the intersection. The system was tested on three networks (i.e., small, medium, large-scale) to ensure seamless transferability of the system design and results. The RL controller is benchmarked against optimized pretimed control and actuated control. The RL-based controller saves 48% average vehicle delay when compared to optimized pretimed controller and fully-actuated controller. In addition, the effect of the best design of RL-based ATSC system is tested on a large-scale application of 59 intersections in downtown Toronto and the results are compared versus the base case scenario of signal control systems in the field which are mix of pretimed and actuated controllers. The RL-based ATSC results in the following savings: average delay (27%), queue length (28%), and l CO2 emission factors (28%).
Evaluating the Interest-Rate Risk of Adjustable-Rate Mortgage Loans

This paper evaluates the interest-rate risk inherent in an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) with sporadic rate adjustments and possibly binding periodic and life-of-loan rate change constraints. Simulation analysis forecasts ARM cash flows, determines the probability that constraints will hold, and partitions the loan into fixed and variable components. Simulation parameters are then altered to measure the impact of changes in contract terms and market conditions on the interest-rate risk of a typical ARM loan. Interest-rate sensitivity is found to be significantly less than that of fixed-rate loans and remarkably insensitive to changes in loan margins or initial loan rates after the first few years of an ARM's life. Therefore, it is not surprising that lenders have used these features to lure borrowers to ARMs. Periodic rate change limits and volatility in the underlying index are the only factors that influence the interest-rate risk of an existing ARM in a substantive way.
HIV positive status disclosure to sexual partner among women attending ART clinic at Hawassa University Referral Hospital, SNNPR, Ethiopia

Background: Disclosure of HIV positive status has key role in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS. Reports of non-disclosure and negative outcome of disclosure are common. Thus, disclosure of HIV positive status is a theme that demands investigation. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude and outcome of HIV positive status disclosure to sexual partner among women living with HIV/AIDS and attending Hawassa University Referral Hospital, South Nations and Nationalities Peoples Region (SNNPR) during a period of March to April 2008. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted at Hawassa University Referral Hospital. Single population proportion formula was used to determine sample size. Using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire, data on disclosure were collected through interview. After explaining purpose of the survey, data collection was continued until the required sample was obtained. Then, data were entered using EPI info version 2002 statistical package and cross checked for reliability. Using SPSS 12.1 for windows statistical package, analysis was done. Results: Overall 85.7% of the women had disclosed their HIV positive status to sexual partner. Main barriers of disclosure reported by non-disclosed subjects were; fear of abandonment, fear of break-up in relationship and fear of stigma. More than 59% of the women with regular sexual partner faced negative partner reaction after disclosure. Compared with married women, those women who were in a cohabiting relationship were less likely to disclose their HIV status to sexual partners (AOR 0.16; 95% CI 0.04, 0.60); women who did not know HIV status of their sexual partners were less likely to disclose their HIV positive status than their counter parts (AOR 0.02; 95% CI 0.00, 0.08) and women who had been on ART for more than one year were more likely to disclose their HIV positive status than the reference groups (AOR 8.62; 95% CI 1.35, 55.22). Conclusion: HIV positive status disclosure to sexual partner in this study was higher than what was reported in other studies in Ethiopia, for Mettu and Gore (69%) but slightly lower than the report from Jimma (94.5%) and Addis Ababa (92%). Negative partner reaction following disclosure was higher. Effectively addressing issues of disclosure was recommended to encourage disclosure and cope with negative reactions after disclosure in People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Besides, currently existing Information Education Communication (IEC) interventions on HIV/AIDS should be strengthened, to reduce negative partner reaction following disclosure. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2010;24(1):9-14]
Global Stabilization of Nonlinear Systems with Inputs Subject to Magnitude and Rate Bounds: A Parametric Optimization Approach

A bounded feedback control design approach is proposed for the global asymptotic stabilization of a class of nonlinear systems with stable free dynamics. The control inputs and their derivatives are constrained to take values on sets defined by a Cartesian product of $\eta $-dimensional closed balls $\mathcal{B}_{\mathbf{r}}^{\eta }(p)$, which are defined by means of a p-norm and a radius vector parameter $\mathbf{r}$. In order to derive the bounded control stabilizer, the resulting procedure implies that gains (as state-functions) are obtained from the solution to a set of c -parameterized nonlinear programming problems. In general, the resulting closed-loop system could be implicitly defined, i.e., consisting of a system of differential equations plus a set of nonlinear algebraic equations (required to compute the control). Special interest is focused on an important class of homogeneous systems that includes a class of globally asymptotically stabilizable systems by linear feedback and bilinear systems. For those systems, the problem of inputs subject to globally bounded rates is also addressed.