Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Gender Specificity of the Images of Spouses in Views of Modern Russian Teenagers

Regular large-scale changes, the constant volatility and instability that take place in Russia at the beginning of the 21st century, and simultaneously the transition to postindustrial society, the emergence of new cultural values of the post-modern era, lead to the transformation of the family as an integrated system. The image of a future spouse acquires in this regard a special role. It begins to form in adolescents based on the model of conjugal relations in the parent family, examples from culture and art, stereotypes of behavior of men and women. Based on the foregoing, we have determined as the purpose of our study to analyze the images of spouses (a husband and a wife) in perceptions of girls and boys of the senior adolescence (14-15 years old). The revealed data testify the available gender specificity shown in the contradiction of mutual expectations from the future partner (spouse) and actualize the problem of providing the timely psychological assistance to adolescents for overcoming the existing dissonance of role expectations and preparing teenagers for the family life. The views of older teenagers on the role characteristics of spouses include both the traditional (gender-stereotyped) qualities and characteristics of the non-traditional masculinity and femininity. The type of the distribution of the role responsibilities for the spouses demonstrated by the participants in our study proves the availability of dissonance caused by traditional ideals and modern tendencies in the establishment of family relations.
The Schmidt Hammer in geomorphological research

The Schmidt Hammer, originally designed for testing the hardness of concrete in 1948, was first used in a geomorphological context in the 1960s. Since then the advantages and disadvantages of the device for measuring rock characteristics have become apparent, and the Schmidt Hammer has been used for an increasing range of purposes, including the study of various weathering phenomena, the relationships between rock strength and landform, and for relative dating of a range of Holocene features. Readings of rock hardness have often been found to correlate well with other measures of rock character, such as uniaxial compressive strength and Young’s Modulus of Elasticity.
Preparing New Psychology Instructors to Teach Undergraduates: Developing Confidence and Competence

In this article, we review approaches to prepare future faculty for their teaching responsibilities and summarize best practices with regard to training topics, methods, and resources. We present longitudinal data regarding new psychology instructors’ confidence in their ability to perform teaching related tasks. We complement this quantitative data with TAs’ narratives about their first teaching experiences as they highlight perceived strengths and challenges.
Seed Yield Performance of Different Maize (Zea mays l.) Genotypes under Agro Climatic Conditions of Haripur

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the “Seed yield performance of different maize (Zea mays L.) genotypesunder agro climatic conditions of Haripur”. The experiment was sown on 17th May, 2015, at Research Farm of the University of Haripur. Four different varieties of maize (PS-1, PS-2, PS-3 and Iqbal check) were tested in the experiment. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The data recorded on various parameters were analyzed using computer software Statistics 8.1. For mean separation LSD test was used. The analyzed data revealed significant differences for various parameters studied. Mean values of the data indicated that PS-1 and PS-2 produced tallest plants (212.1 and 201.7 cm), higher number of rows ear-1 (15.6 and 14.8), Maximum number of grains ear-1 (531.3 and 518.7) and greater thousand grains weight (330 and 327 g), respectively. While genotype PS-1 had maximum ear height (88.7 cm) and higher moisture contents (31.7%) in the grain. Genotypes PS-1 and PS-2 produced higher but at par grain yield of 5495 and 5261 kg ha-1, biological yield (12679 and 12189 kg ha-1) and higher harvest index of 43.3 and 43.2%, respectively. From the data obtained in this study, it can be concluded that genotypes PS-1 and PS-2 performed better as compared to genotypes PS-3 and Iqbal (check). Therefore, the above experiment may be recommended for further evaluation/testing across the Haripur distract to be released as commercial genotypes/varieties for Hazara region in general and Haripur in particular.
Pre & Post-Recession Stock Markets Integration: Some Empirical Evidence

The financial markets across globe have become distinctly integrated owing to liberalization and globalsiation policy as well as advancement of information technology. The contagion effect of macroeconomic disturbances or financial crisis, internally and externally, is rapidly disseminating across various economies. The recent global recession of 2007-09 started with US subprime crises and subsequently followed by Lehman brother crisis affected all most all major economies of the world. In this contenxt, the present paper explores the stock market integration of leading stock exchanges across various countries during pre and post economic crisis of 2007-09. Thus for empirical analysis, it uses the data since 2004-2012. It attempts to find out the breaks point, if any, in the pattern of stock price movements endogenously. Further efforts have also been made to examine changing pattern of relationship among stock prices using bivariate and multivariate cointegration techniques. The study suggests that although stock markets are integrated globally, the integration is very weak. This proposes that stock prices as well as returns are not strongly interrelated across markets. The Granger casualty results also provides mixed evidences, although some changes are noticed about the causality between stock prices from pre-recession to post recession period in Chinese stock markets.
Factors affecting tax compliance behaviour in self assessment system

This paper attempts to provide results of a study on the importance of tax knowledge in determining tax compliance behavior in self assessment system (SAS) in Malaysia. SAS have become the key tax administrative approach in developed countries including the USA, UK and Australia. This approach emphasizes both the tax payers’ responsibility to report their income and to determine their own tax liability. One of the main facilitating factors to achieving these aims is the development of the level of tax knowledge among taxpayers. In addition, the introduction of SAS typically achieves further efficiency gains by means such as, reductions in the requirements to supply the supporting documents and proof of income and deductibles to the tax authority when submitting a tax return. The objective of this study is to investigate how these factors interact in the development of a suitable SAS. The study used recent cases of SAS introduction to explore these interactions – the case of individual self assessment in Malaysia. This commenced in year of assessment 2004 and therefore, has been operational now for seven tax years. Given appropriate time, we argued, to enable an exploration to the extent of which developments of tax knowledge and changes in compliant behavior are visible resulting from this change of tax administrative approach. This study will focus on the level of Malaysian individual taxpayers’ knowledge and how tax knowledge levels influence tax compliance behavior in a new SAS. Data were collected through a survey resulting in 1073 responses. Two stages were used to facilitate the analysis. Stage 1, using the t-test and ANOVA, focuses on the characteristics of taxpayers’ knowledge including gender, ethnics, educational level and income level. Stage 2 attempts to describe the relationship between tax knowledge and tax compliant using stepwise multiple regressions. In this model, tax knowledge was divided into seven sub-categories namely; taxpayers responsibilities’ and rights, knowledge about employment income, dividend and interest, personal relief, child relief, rebates and awareness on offence, penalty and fine. The results of this study suggest to policy makers further on the extent to which tax knowledge is important in a self assessment system and in what ways can it affect compliance. It also provides an indicator for tax administrators of the relative importance of tax knowledge in assisting with the design of tax education programmes, simplifying tax systems and developing understanding of taxpayers' behavior. Key words: Tax compliance, tax knowledge, Malaysia, self assessment system.
A Web-Based Pilot Implementation of the Africanized Land Administration Domain Model for Kenya—A Case Study of Nyeri County

Kenya has amassed a wealth of paper based land information records collected over the duration of more than a century. The National Land Commission (NLC) having the mandate to develop a National Land Information Management System (NLIMS) for Kenya partnered with the Dedan Kimathi University of Technology on a project to develop a pilot LIMS for Nyeri County. A pilot Land Administration System (LAS) has been developed in this work and utilizes an Africanized Land Administration Domain Model (A-LADM) fitted to the Kenyan context. Various processes involved in land administration that required to be automated were identified. Informed by the numbers of applications made for the change of User service, it was picked as the first workflow to be automated. The key outputs of this work were the A-LADM and pilot LAS. The pilot solution uses a webcentric solution, with the data stored and managed centrally from a PostGIS database backend, using the Python Django framework to implement the server side and client side frontend. This solution demonstrates the importance of automating processes and supporting standards based software development. Stakeholder participation is key when implementing systems and 2 workshops are held to capture requirements and validate the developed solution.
Postharvest treatment of dates

Purpose of review: The increasing demand for high quality dates that are not chemically treated and the phase out of methyl bromide (MB), which is used in fumigation and disinfestation of dates, have created the interest for preparing this review. Recent findings: Reports in recent studies include: (1) improved practical techniques for the application of solar energy in the maturation and drying of dates in the open and close to date gardens; (2) new data related to the moisture content, water activity and equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) of dates; (3) initial data on the relationship between the level of ERH and the market appropriate texture of Medjool dates; (4) the importance of harvesting Medjool dates at 65% ERH; (5) a novel approach to the integration of the heat disinfestation method in the date drying process (this approach has the potential to fully replace the fumigation treatments with MB at the receipt stations for the Medjool variety); (6) the emigration of pests from fruits by using heated air (50C) that also controls the pests within an exposure time of 2 h after the date reaches the target temperature; (7) storage methods based on the use of modified atmospheres to replace refrigerated storage. Directions for future research: Additional work is needed to define the feasibility of the heat disinfestation method on the quality of date varieties other than Medjool. The potential of heat to cause emigration of insects when dates are handled in bulk should be elucidated.
Electronic band structure of ReS2 by high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

The rhenium-based transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are atypical of the TMD family due to their highly anisotropic crystalline structure and are recognized as promising materials for two-dimensional heterostructure devices. The nature of the band gap (direct or indirect) for bulk, few-, and single-layer forms of ReS2 is of particular interest, due to its comparatively weak interplanar interaction. However, the degree of interlayer interaction and the question of whether a transition from indirect to direct gap is observed on reducing thickness (as in other TMDs) are controversial. We present a direct determination of the valence band structure of bulk ReS2 using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We find a clear in-plane anisotropy due to the presence of chains of Re atoms, with a strongly directional effective mass which is larger in the direction orthogonal to the Re chains (2.2 me) than along them ( 1.6 me). An appreciable interplane interaction results in an experimentally measured difference of ≈100−200 meV between the valence band maxima at the Z point (0,0,1/2) and the Γ point (0,0,0) of the three-dimensional Brillouin zone. This leads to a direct gap at Z and a close-lying but larger gap at Γ, implying that bulk ReS2 is marginally indirect. This may account for recent conflicting transport and photoluminescence measurements and the resulting uncertainty about the nature of the band gap in this material.
Physical and Chemical Properties of Thai Biomass Fuels from Agricultural Residues

In Thailand, well-recognized as one of the first rank exporters of agricultural and food products, biomass has been the traditional energy source, especially in rural areas for decades. Various types of biomass are available in mostly in the form of non- plantation resources. A recent study showed that agricultural residues are the most potential considering their quantitative availability. In order to characterize the physical and chemical properties of Thai agricultural residues to be used as feedstock for energy conversion process, we developed an analytical protocole. Agricultural residues from major Thai economic crops, including paddy, maize, sugarcane and oil palm, were analyzed. In this paper, details of the analytical protocol are first described, then preliminary results are presented and discussed in comparison with data referenced in the literature. Proximate, ultimate and elemental analyses showed that Thai biomass of interest possess similar physical and chemical properties as agricultural residues biomass documented in China. Rice husk, rice straw, maize stalk and sugarcane are of moisture content, and so they are appropriate to meet requirements of thermochemical process, while residues from oil palm would be more suited for biological process. Comparatively to coal, agricultural residues biomass has a lower energy density and lower ash content. Contents in nirogen and sulfur are very low underlying potential environmental benefits of using agricultural residues as fuel for thermal power generation units. On the other hand, the content in ash-forming elements, especially in potassium is quite high, and hence it is necessary to well-quantify their concentration to prevent technical problems in operating thermochemical power plant using this type of biomass as feedstock. Preliminary results of this study could serve to establish a database of Thai biomass fuels or feedstock that would support decision making in terms of energy conversion technology selection and operating conditions setting.
The Economics of International Student and Scholar Mobility: Directions for Research

International trade in higher education services in the form of international student mobility has increased sharply since the 1960s and especially from Eastern Europe and Central Asia since the fall of the Soviet Union. Many international students, especially those with graduate degrees, stay on in the host country after graduation. Although their impact on labor markets has been investigated by economists, geographers, and regional scientists in recent years, most studies on international students focus on education and spatial issues, with very little economic analysis. Furthermore, the application of a trade in services framework to international student mobility is virtually nonexistent. Four areas of research have emerged that need further investigation, particularly for the Europe and Central Asia region. First is the research gap on host and source country pull and push factors affecting the demand and supply of international students. Second, there is little or no understanding of the impact of foreign direct investment in higher education services, both through the establishment of branch campuses as well as direct investment by multinationals in universities. Third, there is virtually no study on the impact of international student and scholar mobility on global collaborative patents. Fourth, there are very few field experiments in international student or migration research. These issues need to be understood for the development of appropriate policies in industrialized, emerging and developing economies, on the global mobility of students as well as establishment of branch campuses abroad.
Long-term Existence of Donor Adipose-derived Stem Cells in the Recipient May Modulate the Vascularized Composite Tissue AllotransplantationSurvival in a Rodent Model

Our previous studies have demonstrated donor adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) combined with short-term immunosuppressant therapy could prolong vascularized composite tissue allotransplantation (VCA) survival in a rodent hind-limb model. In this study, we investigated whether the homing and migration of donor ASCs may modulate VCA survival. Orthotopic hind-limb transplants from male Wistar to Lewis rats were performed (day 0). Donor ASCs were propagated from the adipose-tissue and subculture originated from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic Wistar rats. The transplanted rat (GFP-negative Lewis) received the immunosuppressive protocol similar to our previous design including short-term cyclosporine-A (CsA, days 0-+20), anti-lymphocyte serum (ALS; 0.5 ml i.p.; -4, +1), and three rounds of GFP+-ASCs (2 × 106 cells/time, i.v. on days +1, +7, and +21). The engraftment assessment of various donor and recipient tissues were performed by using immuno-fluorescent staining. Flow cytometry was performed to quantify the GFP+-ASCs. The results revealed allotransplant survival was significantly prolonged (>100 days) exclusively in ASC-ALS-CsA group which was well correlated with long-term existence of donor GFP-positive ASCs in the recipient. Flow cytometric analysis also revealed GFP+-ASCs apparent expression in the recipient peripheral blood in 2 weeks post-ASC infusion but skewing decrease post-transplantation. The immunofluorscent staining performed on tissue biopsy samples revealed the GFP positive cells existed in the alloskin and recipient skin and liver and spleen parenchymal tissues 2 weeks post-ASC injection. However, no apparent expressions of GFP+-ASCs were found in recipient tissues at 16 weeks post-transplantation except in recipient spleen parenchyma. These indicated donor ASCs long-term existed in the recipient spleen tissue and circulating blood may lead to prolong allograft survival.
Exogenous/Endogenous Control of Space-based/ Object-based Attention: Four Types of Visual Selection?

Attention can be directed to an object or to a location, and in a bottom-up or in a top-down fashion. The two dimensions of visual attention have elicited separate lines of research that bypassed the possibility of interactions. In the present paper, the relation between the two dimensions is explored from the initial assumption that they refer to independent aspects. If so, four types of visual selection should appear: exogenous/endogenous control of space-based/object-based attention. Examples of three of the four types are readily found in the literature, but expecting an object does not seem to affect visual selection. Therefore, endogenous control of objectbased attention may not be possible, suggesting that the two dimensions of visual attention are interdependent and require a more integrative theoretical framework. However, research to date may not have provided adequate tests to observe benefits from expecting objects. Three issues remain open: the representation from which object-based selection.
Entry and Competition in Local Newspaper Retail Markets - When Two Are Enough

This chapter estimates sustainable coverage and competitive effects of entry for Swiss newspaper sellers which sell composite goods, including a range of other products such as food and near-food items. It utilises the applied entry threshold ratio methodology from Bresnahan and Reiss (1991), which allows estimation even when the range of products under examination is not exactly defined and when price and quantity data are not available. It is found that under monopoly pricing, single firm entry is sustainable in communes with a market size of over 482 people (leaving 310 Swiss communes without a selling point). With duopoly prices, instead, a first firm would only be able to enter a market with 921 people (leaving another 263 communes, corresponding to 2,1% of the population, without coverage). There are therefore tangible benefits from above duopoly prices in monopoly regions. Thus, a clear and quantifiable trade-off between prices in monopoly regions and coverage exists. Moreover, it is found that a second entrant in this market strongly increases competition, while further entry doesn’t have significant additional competitive effects. From a welfare perspective, therefore, “two is enough” to ensure competition in this market. It is shown that this is not the case in some other retail markets, where entry by a third firm may significantly affect competition. Finally, using the estimation results, it is show that the public policy, which consisted of having the government controlled Swiss Post enter the newspaper sellers’ retail market, was not optimal as it was focused on urban areas where neither coverage nor competition could be enhanced, while risking competitive distortions. At the same time, it is shown that there are communes in which such a government policy may be welfare enhancing.
Antibiotic resistance and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus species from mastitic milk

Species within the Staphylococcus genus are important mastitis pathogens. Studies to describe virulence and antibiotic resistance as well as rapid techniques that permit analyses strains are needed. The aims were to identify and characterize Staphylococcus spp. isolated from mastitic milk, and to optimize multiplex polymerase chain reactions (PCR). Staphylococci previously isolated from milk of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis were analyzed. PCR was completed to amplify nuc, sodA, spa, agr locus, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance genes. DNA sequencing of sodA and spa genes was performed and antibiograms were carried out on all isolates. In a group of 49 staphylococci, S. aureus was the most prevalent, followed by S. hyicus, S. xylosus, S. chromogenes. Following optimization of multiplex PCR, virulence factor genes were identified in the majority of isolates. The enterotoxin genes, seh and selx were highlighted. All hemolysin genes were detected in 28.6% of isolates. Antibiotic resistance was evaluated and the majority of isolates (69.4%) were resistant to penicillin. Among the genes encoding antibiotic resistance, mecA was identified, while two methicillin-resistant S. aureus were typed as spa type 605, agr type II, and one identified as SCCmec type IVa. The types t605 and agr II were detected in the majority of S. aureus assessed. The findings emphasized the importance of preventing Staphylococcus infection in dairy cows. Effective dairy herd management and information on milk quality are essential to prevent mastitis pathogens. Key-words: Antibiotic, staphylococci, toxins, virulence, genes.