Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chasing Shadows: Rotation of the Azimuthal Asymmetry in the TW Hya Disk

We have obtained new images of the protoplanetary disk orbiting TW Hya in visible, total intensity light with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), using the newly commissioned BAR5 occulter. These HST/STIS observations achieved an inner working angle of ∼0. ″2, or 11.7 au, probing the system at angular radii coincident with recent images of the disk obtained by ALMA and in polarized intensity near-infrared light. By comparing our new STIS images to those taken with STIS in 2000 and with NICMOS in 1998, 2004, and 2005, we demonstrate that TW Hya’s azimuthal surface brightness asymmetry moves coherently in position angle. Between 50 au and 141 au we measure a constant angular velocity in the azimuthal brightness asymmetry of 22. °7 yr−1 in a counterclockwise direction, equivalent to a period of 15.9 yr assuming circular motion. Both the (short) inferred period and lack of radial dependence of the moving shadow pattern are inconsistent with Keplerian rotation at these disk radii. We hypothesize that the asymmetry arises from the fact that the disk interior to 1 au is inclined and precessing owing to a planetary companion, thus partially shadowing the outer disk. Further monitoring of this and other shadows on protoplanetary disks potentially opens a new avenue for indirectly observing the sites of planet formation.
Adaptation of an entrepreneurial motivation scale into Spanish

This study follows the theoretical framework put forward by Robichaud on entrepreneurial motivation. The objective was to adapt the original French scale of 17 items into Spanish and to analyze its psycho- metric properties. The participants in the present study were 981 Spanish employees (46.5 % men and 53.5 % women). After carrying out explorato- ry factor analyses and ESEM (RMSEA = .06; CFI = .95 and TLI = .95), revealed a structure comprised of three factors: Family security (α =.82), Independence and autonomy (α =.83), and Intrinsic motivations (α =.77). These three factors displayed adequate reliability. We also found evidence of validity with regard to a series of external correlates and various scales that have to do with workaholism, irritation and burnout. The present scale may prove useful for adequately identifying entrepreneurial motiva- tion.
Delaying surgery with chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the extremities

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary cancer of bone. When treated by surgery alone, it is almost invariably followed by metastatic dissemination and death. This dismal prognosis can be improved dramatically by including chemotherapy in an interdisciplinary regimen. Today, two-thirds of patients with localised extremity primaries can achieve long-term survival with such intensive multimodal therapy. This article provides a summary overview of current pharmacotherapy in osteosarcoma of the extremities, focussing on the approach of preoperative ‘neoadjuvant’ chemotherapy and thus, the potential benefits and pitfalls of delaying surgery. Prospective, multi-institutional trials are essential in guaranteeing that as many patients as possible can benefit from modern, efficacious interdisciplinary therapeutic regimens and that further progress can be made.
The relationship-service-profit chain: conceptual framework and propositions

This conceptual paper proposes an expanded relationship-service-profit chain as a business success model based on blending human resource management and marketing within the relationship marketing framework. The major contribution of the paper is the extension of thought and usage of the service-profit chain through the super-imposition of a relationship building approach to the provision of service. The proposed model draws on the original service-profit chain, which is further enhanced through the addition of a relationship marketing orientation guiding business culture and combining internal marketing and human resource management activities to best implement an updated service-profit chain. The enhanced relationship-service-profit chain model is introduced as a plausible explanation for previous problems encountered in the service-profit chain literature and also to provide a point of reference for future research into the association between internal service operations and external operations and sustained superior customer outcomes. Future research directions are provided.
Pre-activating wounding response in tobacco prior to high-level ozone exposure prevents necrotic injury.

In tobacco, both wounding and treatment with jasmonates prior to exposure of the tissue to high concentrations of ozone (250 to 500 p.p.b.) produce a dramatic decrease in ozone injury. A systemic pattern of increased ozone tolerance developed within 3-6 h after wounding and also after local application of jasmonates. Ozone treatment of transgenic (NahG) tobacco plants showed that the inability of these plants to accumulate salicylic acid is also accompanied by increased ozone tolerance. Expression of mRNA encoding the anti-oxidant enzyme ascorbate peroxidase is upregulated by ozone challenge, wounding and by methyl jasmonate exposure within 3-4 h, while levels of carbonic anhydrase mRNA are simultaneously depressed following ozone exposure and methyl jasmonate treatment. The pattern of these results shows that the response to ozone challenge in tobacco involves signalling mechanisms similar to those induced in plants by other environmental stresses that generate reactive oxygen species.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Pediatric Advanced Life Support Update for the Emergency Physician

Although pediatric cardiopulmonary arrest is uncommon, out-of-hospital survival is dismal. Through international consensus conferences, the American Heart Association develops new treatment recommendations for cardiopulmonary resuscitation every few years. The recent changes in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and pediatric advanced life support, with some background information about these changes, will be reviewed.
Development and assessment of microsatellites and AFLPs for Plutella xylostella.

If we are to both understand and manipulate diamondback moth populations, a thorough grasp of P. xylostella population genetics is essential. However, reliable and informative molecular markers are currently unavailable. We have developed P. xylostella microsatellites and report preliminary results on their variability within and between selected populations. We characterised twelve microsatellite loci with 5–16 alleles within a small geographical area (Cameron Highlands, Malaysia) and up to 57 alleles across populations from nine countries. These loci should prove valuable tools for understanding P. xylostella gene flow and population biology. The AFLP approach also generated numerous variable markers (up to 156 informative bands per restriction enzyme pair) and offers an apparently quicker and cheaper alternative. However, assigning fractions of AFLP variability to different sources suggests that these anonymous markers are less consistent in performance and may sometimes detect loci in P. xylostella symbionts and parasites. The procedures required to remove or control for parasite AFLP reduce the time and cost benefits of AFLPs for population studies and we suggest that microsatellites provide the best immediate prospects for P. xylostella population genetics.
Inbreeding depression along a life‐history continuum in the great tit

Inbreeding resulting from the mating of two related individuals can reduce the fitness of their progeny. However, quantifying inbreeding depression in wild populations is challenging, requiring large sample sizes, detailed knowledge of life histories and study over many generations. Here we report analyses of the effects of close inbreeding, based on observations of mating between relatives, in a large, free‐living noninsular great tit (Parus major) population monitored over 41 years. Although mating between close relatives (f ≥ 0.125) was rare (1.0–2.6% of matings, depending on data set restrictiveness), we found pronounced inbreeding depression, which translated into reduced hatching success, fledging success, recruitment to the breeding population and production of grand offspring. An inbred mating at f = 0.25 had a 39% reduction in fitness relative to that of an outbred nest, when calculated in terms of recruitment success, and a 55% reduction in the number of fledged grand offspring. Our data show that inbreeding depression acts independently at each life‐history stage in this population, and hence suggest that estimates of the fitness costs of inbreeding must focus on the entire life cycle.
Backwater of the Upper n Cycling and Fate in a Floodplain Mississippi River

PURPOSE: Backwaters connected to large rivers efficiently retain nitrate and can play an important role in reducing downstream loading to coastal marine environments. However, biotic assimilation and transient storage can account for a significant portion of the nitrate uptake versus denitrification. The fate of this nitrogen (N) pool is largely unknown. Is assimilated nitrate stored temporarily and exported from the system later as another N species or is it eventually routed from recycling pathways to denitrification or burial? This information is critical for modeling and managing large river-floodplain systems. The objective of this research was to examine N fluxes and transformations in a backwater system of the Upper Mississippi River within the context of an N budget in order to provide more insight into the fate of nitrate.
Prevention of Adhesion to Prosthetic Mesh: Comparison of Different Barriers Using an Incisional Hernia Model

ObjectiveTo assess whether use of antiadhesive liquids or coatings could prevent adhesion formation to prosthetic mesh. Summary Background DataIncisional hernia repair frequently involves the use of prosthetic mesh. However, concern exists about development of adhesions between viscera and the mesh, predisposing to intestinal obstruction or enterocutaneous fistulas. MethodsIn 91 rats, a defect in the muscular abdominal wall was created, and mesh was fixed intraperitoneally to cover the defect. Rats were divided in five groups: polypropylene mesh only (control group), addition of Sepracoat or Icodextrin solution to polypropylene mesh, Sepramesh (polypropylene mesh with Seprafilm coating), and Parietex composite mesh (polyester mesh with collagen coating). Seven and 30 days postoperatively, adhesions were assessed and wound healing was studied by microscopy. ResultsIntraperitoneal placement of polypropylene mesh was followed by bowel adhesions to the mesh in 50% of the cases. A mean of 74% of the mesh surface was covered by adhesions after 7 days, and 48% after 30 days. Administration of Sepracoat or Icodextrin solution had no influence on adhesion formation. Coated meshes (Sepramesh and Parietex composite mesh) had no bowel adhesions. Sepramesh was associated with a significant reduction of the mesh surface covered by adhesions after 7 and 30 days. Infection was more prevalent with Parietex composite mesh, with concurrent increased mesh surface covered by adhesions after 30 days (78%). ConclusionsSepramesh significantly reduced mesh surface covered by adhesions and prevented bowel adhesion to the mesh. Parietex composite mesh prevented bowel adhesions as well but increased infection rates in the current model.
Threat Diminishes Perceived Robotic Personhood

Convergent lines of evidence indicate that anthropomorphic robots are represented using neurocognitive mechanisms typically employed in social reasoning about other people. Relatedly, a growing literature documents that contexts of threat can exacerbate coalitional biases in social perceptions. Integrating these research programs, the present studies test whether cues of violent intergroup conflict modulate perceptions of the intelligence, emotional experience, or overall personhood of robots. In Studies 1 and 2, participants evaluated a large, bipedal all-terrain robot; in Study 3, participants evaluated a small, social robot with humanlike facial and vocal characteristics. Across all studies, cues of violent conflict caused significant decreases in perceived robotic personhood, and these shifts were mediated by parallel reductions in emotional connection with the robot (with no significant effects of threat on attributions of intelligence/skill). In addition, in Study 2, participants in the conflict condition estimated the large bipedal robot to be less effective in military combat, and this difference was mediated by the reduction in perceived robotic personhood. These results are discussed as they motivate future investigation into the links between threat, coalitional bias and human-robot interaction.
Metallothionein 1G promotes the differentiation of HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells

Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of low- molecular-weight, cysteine-rich proteins involved in zinc and redox metabolism, that are epigenetically downregulated during colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, but may be re-induced with a variety of agents. Since loss of MT expression is associated with a worse prognosis, in the present study we investigated the effects of overexpression of the most significantly downregulated isoform in CRC, namely MT1G, on the HT-29 cell line. Overexpression of MT1G resulted in xenograft tumors with an aberrant morphology, characterized by an evident increase in mucin-containing cells that were identified as goblet cells under electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical detection of CDX2 and cytokeratin 20 was also increased, as were goblet-cell and enterocyte-specific genes by qRT-PCR. Microarray analysis of gene expression confirmed the alteration of several differentiation signaling pathways, including the Notch pathway. Using sodium butyrate and post-confluent growth as inducers of differentiation, we demonstrated that MT1G does indeed play a functional role in promoting goblet over enterocyte differentiation in vitro. Labile zinc is also induced upon differentiation of CRC cells, functionally contributing to enterocyte over goblet differentiation, as revealed using zinc-specific chelating agents. Overall, our results uncover a new tumor-suppressor activity of MT1G in promoting the differentiation of at least some CRC tumors, and implicate MTs and zinc signaling as new players in colorectal differentiation. This further contributes to the hypothesis that re-induction of MTs may have therapeutic value by diminishing the aggressiveness of CRC tumors.
The Effect of Wood Provenance and Density on Cutting Forces While Sawing Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Several properties of wood including the cutting power requirements can be correlated to wood density. Therefore, according to the literature, the cutting power requirements (and/or cutting forces) could be computed as a function of the wood specific gravity. This research shows that such an approach, based solely on specific gravity, may be considered a rather rough and imperfect estimate of cutting power. Samples of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood from different provinces in Poland with varying densities were machined on a sash gang saw. The average cutting force versus average wood density (estimated with the standard gravimetric method) was calculated, and the local cutting forces correlated to the local wood density. The average values of the cutting forces measured at selected points along the sample’s length were calculated by linear regression to the X-ray absorbance (density) estimated by means of X-ray radiography.
Humeral Torsion in the Throwing Arm of Handball Players

Sport-specific upper extremity strain, mostly unilateral, during growth may lead to adaptations in soft tissue and bone. We investigated 51 male professional handball players between 18 and 39 years of age (average, 27 years), 39 right-handed and 12 left-handed. Thirty-eight players had no shoulder problems, and 13 had chronic shoulder pain. Humeral retrotorsion was determined by radiograph. The differences between the throwing and contralateral arms were compared with those of 37 controls who had no history of unilateral strain either through sports or profession. Standard statistical analysis was performed using the t-test. The retrotorsional angle of the humerus in the handball professionals' throwing arm was an average of 9.4° larger in the dominant side than in the nondominant, with a side-to-side difference up to 29°. In the control group, no statistically significant difference was found. In the group without chronic shoulder pain, the side-to-side difference was an average of 14.4° more in the throwing arm than the other side. Players with chronic shoulder pain did not exhibit this increase, even showing an average decrease of humeral retrotorsion of 5.2° in the throwing arm. The humeral retrotorsion increase can be explained as an adaptation to extensive external rotation in throwing practice during growth. Athletes who do not adapt this way seem to have more strain on their anterior capsules at less external rotation and develop chronic shoulder pain because of anterior instability.
Sodium and calcium channels in bovine chromaffin cells

1. Inward currents in chromaffin cells were studied with the patch‐clamp technique (Hamill, Marty, Neher, Sakmann & Sigworth, 1981). The intracellular solution contained 120 mM‐Cs+ and 20 mM‐tetraethylammonium (TEA+). Na+ currents were studied after blockade of Ca2+ channels with 1 mM‐Co2+ applied externally. Ca2+ currents were recorded after eliminating Na+ currents with tetrodotoxin (TTX). The current recordings were obtained in cell‐attached, outside‐out and whole‐cell recording configurations (Hamill et al. 1981).
A Concept Analysis of Cultural Sensitivity

Cultural sensitivity is used ubiquitously, yet different meanings are constructed. An improved understanding of the term as described within health care and in general would enhance nurses' understanding and communication with professionals and clients. To uncover the current meaning of cultural sensitivity, a concept analysis was performed. Findings included the attributes of knowledge, consideration, understanding, respect, and tailoring. Necessary antecedents were diversity, awareness, and an encounter. The consequences were effective communication, effective intervention, and satisfaction. A definition of cultural sensitivity was proposed. Providers may benefit from recognizing and addressing the identified antecedents and attributes to obtain the positive consequences of employing cultural sensitivity.
Frequency of oestrogen and progesterone receptor positivity by immunohistochemical analysis in 7016 breast carcinomas: correlation with patient age, assay sensitivity, threshold value, and mammographic screening

Aims—A routine immunohistochemical (IHC) assay is now commonly used for determining the oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status of women with breast cancer. To date, no large studies have been conducted that report the expected frequency of receptor positivity in relation to patient age and sensitivity of the IHC assay. Data on 7016 breast carcinomas from 71 laboratories were analysed to determine the frequency of receptor positivity and investigate possible causes of the observed variation in detection rates. Methods—Members of UK NEQAS-ICC (UK National External Quality Assessment Scheme for Immunocytochemistry) provided data on the receptor status of cases routinely assayed in their departments over a period of two to 26 months between June 1996 and September 1998. Data on 7016 breast carcinomas were stratified according to patient age and receptor status. Frequency of receptor positivity was correlated with IHC assay sensitivity, the threshold value used to determine receptor positivity, and the presence or absence of mammographic screening in the hospitals or clinics served by the laboratories. Results—The highest proportion of receptor positive cases occurred in patients in the age ranges > 65 years for ER and 41–50 years for PR. There was a significant positive correlation between frequency of receptor positivity and the sensitivity of the IHC assay, for both ER (rs = 0.346; p = 0.019; two tailed) and PR (rs = 0.561; p = 0.003; two tailed). The mean frequency of receptor positivity for laboratories using the same 10% threshold value was 77% for ER (95% confidence interval (CI), 74% to 80%) in laboratories with high sensitivity and 72% (95% CI, 68% to 76%) for those with low assay sensitivity (p = 0.025). For PR, the mean frequency of receptor positivity for laboratories using the same 10% threshold value and having high assay sensitivity was 63% (95% CI, 57% to 69%), and 51% (95% CI, 38% to 65%) for laboratories with assays of low sensitivity (p = 0.022). The mean frequency of ER positivity for laboratories serving hospitals and clinics where mammographic screening does and does not take place was 73.4% and 75.7%, respectively (p = 0.302; two tailed). Conclusions—Of the parameters investigated, patient age and IHC assay sensitivity were found to be the main variables influencing the frequency of receptor positivity. We recommend the range of receptor values obtained by laboratories achieving high assay sensitivity as a useful guide against which all laboratories can gauge their own results.