Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychological Constellations Assessed at Age 13 Predict Distinct Forms of Eminence 35 Years Later

This investigation examined whether math/scientific and verbal/humanistic ability and preference constellations, developed on intellectually talented 13-year-olds to predict their educational outcomes at age 23, continue to maintain their longitudinal potency by distinguishing distinct forms of eminence 35 years later. Eminent individuals were defined as those who, by age 50, had accomplished something rare: creative and highly impactful careers (e.g., full professors at research-intensive universities, Fortune 500 executives, distinguished judges and lawyers, leaders in biomedicine, award-winning journalists and writers). Study 1 consisted of 677 intellectually precocious youths, assessed at age 13, whose leadership and creative accomplishments were assessed 35 years later. Study 2 constituted a constructive replication—an analysis of 605 top science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) graduate students, assessed on the same predictor constructs early in graduate school and assessed again 25 years later. In both samples, the same ability and preference parameter values, which defined math/scientific versus verbal/humanistic constellations, discriminated participants who ultimately achieved distinct forms of eminence from their peers pursuing other life endeavors.
Trends in Pediatric Hospitalizations and Readmissions: 2010–2016

Using data from a nationwide sample of pediatric discharges, we examine trends in pediatric hospitalizations and readmissions from 2010 to 2016. BACKGROUND: Health reform and policy initiatives over the last 2 decades have led to significant changes in pediatric clinical practice. However, little is known about recent trends in pediatric hospitalizations and readmissions at a national level. METHODS: Data from the 2010–2016 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Readmissions Database and National Inpatient Sample were analyzed to characterize patient-level and hospital-level trends in annual pediatric (ages 1–17 years) admissions and 30-day readmissions. Poisson regression was used to evaluate trends in pediatric readmissions over time. RESULTS: From 2010 to 2016, the total number of index admissions decreased by 21.3%, but the percentage of admissions for children with complex chronic conditions increased by 5.7%. Unadjusted pediatric 30-day readmission rates increased over time from 6.26% in 2010 to 7.02% in 2016 with a corresponding increase in numbers of admissions for patients with complex chronic conditions. When stratified by complex or chronic conditions, readmission rates declined or remained stable across patient subgroups. Mean risk-adjusted hospital readmission rates increased over time overall (6.46% in 2010 to 7.14% in 2016) and in most hospital subgroups but decreased over time in metropolitan teaching hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric admissions declined from 2010 to 2016 as 30-day readmission rates increased. The increase in readmission rates was associated with greater numbers of admissions for children with chronic conditions. Hospitals serving pediatric patients need to account for the rising complexity of pediatric admissions and develop strategies for reducing readmissions in this high-risk population.
Membrane Lipids, Waxes and Oxylipins in the Moss Model Organism Physcomitrella patens

Abstract The moss Physcomitrella patens receives increased scientific interest since its genome was sequenced a decade ago. As a bryophyte, it represents the first group of plants that evolved in a terrestrial habitat still without a vascular system that developed later in tracheophytes. It is easily transformable via homologous recombination, which enables the formation of targeted loss-of-function mutants. Even though genetics, development and life cycle in Physcomitrella are well studied nowadays, research on lipids in Physcomitrella is still underdeveloped. This review aims on presenting an overview on the state of the art of lipid research with a focus on membrane lipids, surface lipids and oxylipins. We discuss in this review that Physcomitrella possesses very interesting features regarding its membrane lipids. Here, the presence of very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFA) still shows a closer similarity to marine microalgae than to vascular plants. Unlike algae, Physcomitrella has a cuticle comparable to vascular plants composed of cutin and waxes. The presence of VLC-PUFA in Physcomitrella also leads to a greater variability of signaling lipids even though the phytohormone jasmonic acid is not present in this organism, which is different to vascular plants. In summary, the research on lipids in Physcomitrella is still in its infancy, especially considering membrane lipids. We hope that this review will help to promote the further advancement of lipid research in this important model organism in the future, so we can better understand how lipids are involved in the evolution of land plants.
Liftout of High-Quality Thin Sections of a Perovskite Oxide Thin Film Using a Xenon Plasma Focused Ion Beam Microscope

Abstract It is shown that a xenon plasma focused ion beam (FIB) microscope is an excellent tool for high-quality preparation of functional oxide thin films for atomic resolution electron microscopy. Samples may be prepared rapidly, at least as fast as those prepared using conventional gallium FIB. Moreover, the surface quality after 2 kV final polishing with the Xe beam is exceptional with only about 3 nm of amorphized surface present. The sample quality was of a suitably high quality to allow atomic resolution high-angle annular dark field imaging and integrated differential phase contrast without any further preparation, and the resulting images were good enough for quantitative evaluation of atomic positions to reveal the oxygen octahedral tilt pattern. This suggests that such xenon plasma FIB instruments may find widespread application in transmission electron microscope and scanning transmission electron microscope specimen preparation.
Insulin Therapy for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Does Not Fully Protect Offspring From Diet-Induced Metabolic Disorders

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of metabolic disorders in offspring in later life. Although mounting evidence suggests that therapy for GDM could improve neonatal health, whether the therapy confers long-term metabolic benefits to offspring in their later adult lives is not known. Here, using a mouse model of diabetes in the latter half of pregnancy to mimic human GDM, we find that the efficient insulin therapy for GDM confers significant protection against glucose intolerance and obesity in offspring fed a normal chow diet. However, the therapy fails to protect offspring when challenged with a high-fat diet, especially for male offspring. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of pancreatic islets from male offspring identified hypermethylated regions in several genes that regulate insulin secretion, including Abcc8, Cav1.2, and Cav2.3 that encode KATP or Ca2+ channels, which are associated with reduced gene expression and impaired insulin secretion. This finding suggests a methylation-mediated epigenetic mechanism for GDM-induced intergenerational glucose intolerance. It highlights that even efficient insulin therapy for GDM is insufficient to fully protect adult offspring from diet-induced metabolic disorders.
Clinical and patient‐reported outcomes of implants placed in autogenous bone grafts and implants placed in native bone: A case–control study with a follow‐up of 5–16 years

AIMS To compare the radiographic marginal bone levels of implants placed in sites previously augmented with autogenous bone grafts and implants placed in native bone. Secondary outcomes included: implant survival, periodontal/peri-implant parameters as well as short- and long-term patient-reported outcome measures. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was designed as a case-control study including 38 patients equally distributed into two groups (previously augmented with autogenous bone blocks [AB] and implants placed in native bone [NB]). In total, 67 implants were placed. Clinical, radiographic and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and complication rates were assessed based on a chart review and at a follow-up examination (≧5 years after implant placement). Nonparametric mixed models were applied for the comparison of the two groups because of the clustered data. The data were analyzed descriptively, and p-values were calculated using nonparametric mixed models to account for the clustered data. RESULTS The mean follow-up time was 10.2 years (range 6-13 years; AB) and 8.3 years (range 5-16 years; NB). One implant was lost in group NB (97.5% survival rate) and none in group AB (100%). Following primary augmentation, six major complications (wound dehiscences, acute pulpitis, intra- and extraoral sensitivity disturbances) were observed at the donor sites. At time of implant placement, only minimal complications occurred and only in group NB. Median marginal bone levels at the follow-up were significantly higher in group NB (1.15; Q1: 0.50 mm/Q3: 1.83 mm) than in group AB (1.58; Q1: 1.01 mm/Q3: 2.40 mm; p = 0.0411). Probing depth, bleeding on probing and recession values were similar in both groups. PROMs revealed high visual analog scale values (i.e., high satisfaction) for both procedures. CONCLUSIONS Dental implants placed in sites augmented with autogenous bone or in native bone revealed healthy peri-implant tissues after 5-16 years. Marginal bone levels were significantly higher for implant placed in native bone. Complications following primary augmentation encompassed every third patient but were mostly transient.
Association between time of hospitalization with acute myocardial infarction and in-hospital mortality

AIMS To study the association between time of hospitalization and in-hospital mortality for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS AND RESULTS Patients admitted with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI) across 243 hospitals in England and Wales between 1 January 2004 and 31 March 2013 were included. The outcome measure was in-hospital mortality. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for in-hospital mortality were estimated across six 4-hourly time periods over the 24-h clock using multilevel logistic regression, inverse-probability weighting propensity score, and instrumental variable analysis. Among 615 035 patients [median age 70.0 years, interquartile range 59.0-80.0 years; 406 519 (66.0%) men], there were 52 777 (8.8%) in-hospital deaths. At night, patients with NSTEMI were more frequently comorbid, and for STEMI had longer symptom-onset-to-reperfusion times. For STEMI, unadjusted in-hospital mortality was highest between 20:00 and 23:59 [4-h period range 8.4-9.9%; OR compared with 00:00-03:59 reference 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.20], and for NSTEMI highest between 12:00 and 15:59 (8.0-8.8%; OR compared with 00:00-03:59 reference 1.07, 95% CI 1.03-1.12). However, these differences were only apparent in the earlier years of the study, and were attenuated by adjustment for demographics, comorbidities, and clinical presentation. Differences were not statistically significant after adjustment for acute clinical treatment provided. CONCLUSION There is little evidence to support an association between time of hospitalization and in-hospital mortality for AMI; variation in in-hospital mortality may be explained by case mix and the use of treatments.
Novel insights from actigraphy: Anxiety is associated with sleep quantity but not quality during childhood

Anxiety and sleep function change dynamically across development, and sleep dysfunction has emerged as a correlate and predictor of anxiety in pediatric clinical samples. Despite this, previous research has not investigated how associations between qualitative and quantitative measures of sleep function change with anxiety across development, specifically from childhood to adolescence. The present study used actigraphy collection to examine whether associations between quantitative and qualitative sleep function and anxiety differed as a function of developmental stage in a community pediatric sample (8–17 years old; N = 92). Age moderated the association between anxiety and sleep quantity, but not sleep quality. Contrary to hypotheses, higher anxiety was related to increased sleep for children, but not adolescents. Results suggest age-related changes in the association between sleep function and anxiety across development, with implications for targeting sleep-related interventions for youth with anxiety.
Microsatellite characterization and marker development for the fungus Penicillium digitatum, causal agent of green mold of citrus

Penicillium digitatum is one of the most important postharvest pathogens of citrus on a global scale causing significant annual losses due to fruit rot. However, little is known about the diversity of P. digitatum populations. The genome of P. digitatum has been sequenced, providing an opportunity to determine the microsatellite distribution within P. digitatum to develop markers that could be valuable tools for studying the population biology of this pathogen. In the analyses, a total of 3,134 microsatellite loci were detected; 66.73%, 23.23%, 8.23%, 1.24%, 0.16%, and 0.77% were detected as mono‐, di‐, tri‐, tetra‐, penta‐, and hexanucleotide repeats, respectively. As consistent with other ascomycete fungi, the genome size of P. digitatum does not seem to correlate with the density of microsatellite loci. However, significantly longer motifs of mono‐, di‐, and tetranucleotide repeats were identified in P. digitatum compared to 10 other published ascomycete species with repeats of over 800, 300, and 900 motifs found, respectively. One isolate from southern California and five additional isolates from other countries (“global isolates”) were used to initially screen microsatellite markers developed in this study. Twelve additional isolates, referred to as the “local isolates,” were also collected from citrus at the University of California Riverside agricultural experiment station and were subsequently used to screen the primers that sequenced well and were polymorphic based on the global isolates. Thirty‐six primers were screened, and nine trinucleotide loci and one hexanucleotide locus were chosen as robust markers. These loci yielded two to seven alleles and will be useful to study population genetic structure of P. digitatum populations.
Response of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis to marine environmental changes in the north-central South China Sea based on satellite and in situ observations

In the South China Sea (SCS), Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis (S. oualaniensis) generally has the highest stock density in spring and occupies an important position in fisheries. The responses of S. oualaniensis to marine environments in the north-central SCS in spring (March to May) from 2006 to 2010 were analyzed using satellite and in situ observations, with generalized additive models (GAMs). A high proportion variation in catch per unit effort (CPUE) was explained by environmental variables, including sea surface temperature (SST; explaining 13.8%) and the interaction between SST and chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration (explaining 16.9%). SSTs within the range of 24–28°C and Chl-a concentrations within 0.10–0.35 mg/m3 had positive effects on S. oualaniensis CPUE, and SST within 28–29.5°Cand Chl-a concentrations within 0.05–0.20 mg/m3 had negative effects. In addition, the response time of the maximum standardized catch per unit effort (SCPUE) in May to the maximum Chl-a in March was approximately six ten-day time step. The higher Chl-a and smaller stock size of S. oualaniensis in early March 2008 were partly associated with climatic anomalies caused by La Niña in spring and the limitation of S. oualaniensisby low temperature in 2008. The findings in this study can help better protect and manage S. oualaniensis resources in the SCS.
Detection of Minimal Residual Disease in B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Using an Eight‐Color Tube with Dried Antibody Reagents

Flow cytometry is a powerful tool for the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) of B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP‐ALL) patients. However, the staining process and the choice of antibodies rely on laboratory expertise and may be source of variability or technical errors. Recently, Beckman Coulter commercialized a ready to use tube with dried format reagents for BCP‐ALL MRD detection. The aim of this study is to evaluate the applicability of this tube and to compare it to a conventional (liquid format reagents) method.
Superior clinical outcomes of peroral endoscopic myotomy compared with balloon dilation in all achalasia subtypes

Optimal treatment modalities for each of the three subtypes of achalasia are still under debate. Differences in prognosis and long‐term outcomes between peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) and balloon dilation (BD) are also unclear. We aimed to compare the treatment outcomes of BD and POEM in each subtype of achalasia by using information from the manometry database of a tertiary referral center in Korea.
Evaluation of Machine Learning Classifiers to Predict Compound Mechanism of Action When Transferred across Distinct Cell Lines

Multiparametric high-content imaging assays have become established to classify cell phenotypes from functional genomic and small-molecule library screening assays. Several groups have implemented machine learning classifiers to predict the mechanism of action of phenotypic hit compounds by comparing the similarity of their high-content phenotypic profiles with a reference library of well-annotated compounds. However, the majority of such examples are restricted to a single cell type often selected because of its suitability for simple image analysis and intuitive segmentation of morphological features. The aim of the current study was to evaluate and compare the performance of a classic ensemble-based tree classifier trained on extracted morphological features and a deep learning classifier using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) trained directly on images from the same dataset to predict compound mechanism of action across a morphologically and genetically distinct cell panel. Our results demonstrate that application of a CNN classifier delivers equivalent accuracy compared with an ensemble-based tree classifier at compound mechanism of action prediction within cell lines. However, our CNN analysis performs worse than an ensemble-based tree classifier when trained on multiple cell lines at predicting compound mechanism of action on an unseen cell line.
Chronic Effects of a Static Stretching Program on Hamstring Strength

Abstract Nakao, S, Ikezoe, T, Nakamura, M, Umegaki, H, Fujita, K, Umehara, J, Kobayashi, T, Ibuki, S, and Ichihashi, N. Chronic effects of a static stretching program on hamstring strength. J Strength Cond Res 35(7): 1924–1929, 2021—This study investigated the effects of a 4-week static stretching (SS) program on isokinetic and isometric knee flexor peak torque and angle of peak torque. Thirty healthy men (age, 22.7 ± 2.2 years) were randomized to receive either of the following: (a) a 4-week stretch intervention for the hamstrings (SS intervention group; n = 15) or (b) no intervention (control group; n = 15). The maximum pain-free knee angle, passive stiffness, which was determined by a slope of torque-angle curve, isometric and isokinetic (at 60°·s−1 and 180°·s−1) peak torque, and angle of peak torque for knee flexors were measured before and after 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, passive stiffness decreased significantly in the intervention group. There were no significant changes in isometric and isokinetic (neither at 60°·s−1 nor at 180°·s−1) peak torque, or angle of peak torque at 180°·s−1. A significantly increased peak extension angle at 60°·s−1 was observed in the intervention group. These results suggest that SS intervention is effective for decreasing musculotendinous unit stiffness of the hamstrings and that an SS program influences the angle of peak torque, whereas no significant changes occur in peak torque. Because a previous study suggests that angle of peak torque is associated with hamstring strain injuries, the results of this study would be helpful when considering the training program for preventing or treating hamstring strain injuries.
Efficacy and safety of pneumatic dilation in achalasia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

One of the most used treatments for achalasia is pneumatic dilation of the lower esophageal sphincter to improve esophageal emptying. Multiple treatment protocols have been described with a varying balloon size, number of dilations, inflation pressure, and duration. We aimed to identify the most efficient and safe treatment protocol.
The Effect of Silica Dust Exposure on the Serum Clara Cell Protein 16 Levels in Chinese Workers.

doi: 10.3967/bes2019.007 This study was supported by Nanjing Medical Technology Development Funds [YKK15188]; Nanjing Medical Science and technique Development Foundation [QRX17197]. 1. Nanjing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China; 2. Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China Letter to the Editor
Evaluation of the psychometric properties of Hindi-translated Scale for Measuring Maternal Satisfaction among postnatal women in Chhattisgarh, India

Satisfaction with childbirth services is a multi-dimensional phenomenon, providing relevant insights into women's opinion on quality of services received. Research studies report a dearth of standardised scales that quantify this phenomenon; and none have been tested in India to the best of authors' knowledge. The current study was undertaken to evaluate psychometric properties of Hindi version of the Turkish Scale for Measuring Maternal Satisfaction: Normal and Caesarean Births versions in order to fill this gap. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in selected public health facilities in Chhattisgarh, India. Healthy women (n = 1004) who gave birth to a single, live neonate, vaginally or via Caesarean section participated. Psychometric assessment was carried out in four steps: 1) scales translated from Turkish to Hindi; 2) Content Validity Index scores calculated for Hindi scales; 3) data collection; 4) statistical analyses for Hindi scales (Normal and Caesarean Birth). A 10-factor model with 36 items emerged for both scales. The Hindi- translated Normal Birth and Caesarean Birth scales had good internal reliability (Cronbach’s α coefficients of 0.85 and 0.80, respectively). The Hindi Scales for Measuring Maternal Satisfaction (Normal and Caesarean Birth) are valid and reliable tools for utilization in Indian health facilities. Their multi-dimensional nature presents an opportunity for the care providers and health administrators to incorporate women's opinions in intervention to improve quality of childbirth services. Having an international tool validated within India also provides a platform for comparing cross-country findings.