Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality in children.

Seven children aged birth to 17 years with spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) were studied with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between 3 hours and 16 days after the injury. There were six cervical cord injuries and one thoracic cord injury. The MRI findings were divided into two groups: extraneural and neural. The extraneural findings included one case of anterior longitudinal ligament disruption and anterior C6-C7 disc herniation associated with hyperextension; one case of posterior longitudinal ligament disruption and C2-C3 disc herniation associated with lateral flexion; and one case of C6-C7 disc abnormality consistent with increased water content occurring with hyperflexion. These ligament and disc injuries did not correlate with late instability. The neural MRI findings included one case of cord transection with rostral cord stump hemorrhage and one case of hemorrhage involving the majority of the cord's transverse diameter, both associated with permanent complete cord injuries; one case of hemorrhage involving a minor portion of the cord and of the brain stem's transverse diameter associated with a severe partial cord injury but subsequent incomplete improvement; one case of edema without hemorrhage associated with Brown-Séquard syndrome and subsequent incomplete improvement; and three cases of normal cord signal and outline. Two of the latter patients had mild cord injuries that recovered completely. In the third, a child with complete T12 sensorimotor paralysis at presentation, the normal MRI findings predicted the subsequent complete recovery. No extraaxial compressive lesion was demonstrated in these seven children. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Suicidal co-degradation of the phytochrome interacting factor 3 and phytochrome B in response to light.

Since the discovery of the founding member of the Phytochrome Interacting Factors (PIF3), PIFs have been shown to be ‘hubs’ for multiple signaling pathways and have taken center stage in many conferences and publications (Leivar and Monte, 2014). PIF3 was originally discovered from a yeast two-hybrid screen using the C-terminal domain of a class of photoreceptor called phytochromes (phys) that specifically sense the red and far-red regions of ambient sunlight (Leivar and Quail, 2011). The Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes five phytochromes (phyA–phyE) and seven PIFs (PIF1, PIF3–PIF8) (Leivar and Quail, 2011).
Mandibular dysostosis without microphthalmia caused by OTX2 deletion

Mutations in OTX2 are mostly identified in patients with anophthalmia/microphthalmia with variable severity. The OTX2 homeobox gene plays a crucial role in craniofacial morphogenesis during early embryo development. We report for the first time a patient with a mandibular dysostosis caused by a 120 kb deletion including the entire coding sequence of OTX2, identified by array CGH. No ocular malformations were identified after extended ophthalmologic examination. Our data refine the clinical spectrum associated with OTX2 mutations and suggests that OTX2 haploinsufficiency should be considered as a possible cause for isolated mandibular dysostosis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
When you suspect diabetes in a child.

> A 2-year-old boy presented to the local emergency department (ED) with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Findings of a physical examination showed tachycardia, dry mucus membranes, and pallor. He had appreciable wasting of his proximal muscles. His mother reported that he had lost almost 3 kg in the
Differential expression of Lewisx and sialyl‐Lewisx antigens in fetal human neural cells in culture

Lewisx is a cell‐surface carbohydrate antigen defined by the trisaccharide structure, Galβ 1→4 (Fucα 1→3) GlcNAc. Expression of Lewisx and sialyl‐Lewisx antigens in primary cell cultures isolated from fetal human brains of 12‐15 weeks gestation was investigated by double immunolabelling with antibodies against monomeric Lewisx (4C9), oligomeric Lewisx (FH4), and sialylated oligomeric Lewisx (FH6) antigens and cell type‐specific markers. The monomeric Lewisx antigen was expressed in more than 15% of astrocytes and 100% of oligodendrocytes, whereas it was not identified in neurons or in microglia. The oligomeric Lewisx antigen was undetectable in any cell types, while the sialylated oligomeric Lewisx antigen was expressed in more than 95% of microglia but not in any other cell types. The cell type‐specific expression of Lewisx and sialyl‐Lewisx antigens in fetal human glial cells suggests that these fucose‐containing carbohydrate molecules play roles in intercellular recognition between distinct cell types during the development of the human central nervous system. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Restoration of a small-scale forest wetland in a Belgian nature reserve: a discussion of factors determining wetland vegetation establishment

1. The main aim of this restoration attempt within a nature reserve was to recreate sustainable conditions for wetland species, particularly aquatic plants. 2. In the process of restoration, two phases of activity were distinguished: a pre-restoration phase, during which information on land-use history and past vegetation was collected and used to establish clear restoration goals; and a restoration phase for stimulating germination and establishment of target species originating from the soil seed bank and species pool. 3. Within the first year of the study, pond digging allowed the establishment of extremely rare native species that react positively to mudflat creation and standing water availability. The results of this experiment indicate that pond digging can be a very suitable technique for re-establishing aquatic and wetland vegetation, providing that the site is well chosen. 4. An essential prerequisite for successful restoration is a study of the past vegetation of the target site and its surroundings. This work illustrates the importance of past vegetation in affecting current restoration success and provides an example of how restoration projects benefit from knowledge and understanding of both historical and present conditions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tetanic Response of the Cricothyroid Muscle

Tetanic response of canine cricothyroid muscle tissue was investigated through a series of experiments conducted in vitro. Two separate portions of the cricothyroid muscle, namely the pars recta and pars oblique, were studied. Samples of the muscle were dissected from dog larynges excised a few minutes before death and kept in Krebs-Ringer solution at a temperature of 37°±1°C and a pH of 7.4±0.05. Tetanic contraction of the muscle samples was obtained by field stimulation to the muscle through a pair of parallel-plate platinum electrodes and with a train of square pulses of 0.1-millisecond duration and 85-V amplitude. Isometric force responses of the pars recta and pars oblique muscles were obtained electronically with a dual servo system (ergometer). The effect of tissue elongation on the active and passive responses was quantified by stimulation of the sample during cyclic elongation. Both active and passive responses as a function of elongation were obtained on the same sample.
How to understand the parables of Jesus. A paradigm shift in parable exegesis

For many years, the exegesis of the parables of Jesus was determined by assump­ tions that were largely purported by Adolf Julicher and subsequently underwent only insignificant modification. The Kompendium der Gleichnisse Jesu (ed. R. Zimmermann, Gutersloh 2007), whose methodology and hermeneutics are explained in this article, takes a new route, as can be illustrated in four steps. From a historical perspective, parable exegesis is released from its close relationship to the search for the Historical Jesus and is given new distinction by a paradigm of Jesus “remembered”. The custom­ ary religious­historical standardization of the parables (particularly with reference to rabbinical parables) is critically investigated from a traditio­historical perspective in order to again be able to highly value the extraordinary position of Jesus’ parables. From the perspective of the literary form of the parables, all internal differentiation must be made invalid by the New Testament text record itself. Instead, the discussion of a comprehen­ sive genre of “parable” utilises the genre consciousness of the early Christian authors; a genre that can be precisely defined by means of a literary­critical description in terms of the criteria of narrativity, fictionality, relation to reality, metaphor, appeal structure and co­/contextuality. From a hermeneutic perspective, this new approach consists of a conscious affirmation of a plurality of interpretations that is established by the texts themselves and that also guarantees the timeliness and liveliness of the interpretations in a variety of reading situations.
The Great Smoky Mountains Study of Youth. Goals, design, methods, and the prevalence of DSM-III-R disorders.

BACKGROUND The Great Smoky Mountains Study of youth focuses on the relationship between the development of psychiatric disorder and the need for and use of mental health services. METHODS A multistage, overlapping cohorts design was used, in which 4500 of the 11758 children aged 9, 11, and 13 years in an 11-county area of the southeastern United States were randomly selected for screening for psychiatric symptoms. Children who scored in the top 25% on the screening questionnaire, together with a 1 in 10 random sample of the rest, were recruited for 4 waves of intensive, annual interviews (n = 1015 at wave 1). In a parallel study, all American Indian children aged 9, 11, and 13 years were recruited (N = 323 at wave 1). RESULTS The 3-month prevalence (+/-SE) of any DSM-III-R axis I disorder in the main sample, weighted to reflect population prevalence rates, was 20.3% +/- 1.7%. The most common diagnoses were anxiety disorders (5.7% +/- 1.0%), enuresis (5.1% +/- 1.0%), tic disorders (4.2% +/- 0.9%), conduct disorder (3.3% +/- 0.6%), oppositional defiant disorder (2.7% +/- 0.4%), and hyperactivity (1.9% +/- 0.4%). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of psychiatric disorder in this rural sample was similar to rates reported in other recent studies. Poverty was the strongest demographic correlate of diagnosis, in both urban and rural children.
Home Telecare for the Elderly

The use of tele-alarms in the home to enable elderly or vulnerable people to call for help in the event of an emergency is well established". Within the EPIC project (European Prototype for Integrated Care), the home telecare prototypewas developed to receive signals from different types of monitoring devices and to integrate the resulting data into the EPIC shared-care information system. We now report the use of home telecare as part of an intensive home-care scheme. The intensive home-care service provides care for very dependent elderly people, as an alternative to care in a nursing home or hospital. Care, tailored to individual needs, is delivered at intervals throughout the 24-hour period. Each client has a generic primary-care worker who visits up to five times each day between 08:00 and 18:00. Between 19:00 and 07:00, visits are carried out by designated staff, as required. The present case reports relate to two clients with whom we have used tele-alarms (Vitalcall Pet) linked to radio-based peripherals, including movement detectors, door contacts and smoke detectors. The calls were received by a tele-alarm operator who relayed them to care workers via a mobile telephone.
Relation between concept formation ability and reading achievement at three developmental levels.

This study, which grew largely out of the work of Jay (I) in identifying as the "reading factor" the previously isolated X3 of Thurstone (5), was an attempt to apply findings in the areas of reading and concept formation in children to an investigation of the relation between -these skills. Hypotheses tested were: 1. There is a positive relation between scores on a test of concept formation and reading achievement, as measured by the comprehension section of the Gates standardized reading tests, at the developmental levels represented by boys in the third, fifth, and seventh grades. 2. The magnitude of the relation between concept formation and reading, as defined above, will be greater than the magnitude of the relation between reading and intelligence, as measured by the California Test of Mental Maturity in the third and fifth grades and the Primary Mental Abilities Test in the seventh grade. 3. The relation between reading and concept formation will increase significantly in magnitude with increasing age of boys. 4. Overachievers in reading will perform significantly better on a test of concept formation ability than will underachievers in reading.
Interactions of Cholecystokinin and Glucose in Rat Pancreatic Islets

The effects of sulfated cholecystokinin (CCK-8S) and glucose on insulin secretion and polyphosphoinositide (PPI) metabolism were studied in isolated rat islets. Both agonists stimulate PPI hydrolysis, inositol phosphate accumulation, 3H efflux from [3H]inositol-prelabeled tissue, and 45Ca efflux from prelabeled cells. However, the effects ofCCK-8S on PPI metabolism are considerably greater than those of glucose. Furthermore, the effectsof CCK-8S on PPI and Ca2+ metabolism are observed whether islets are incubated in either 2.75 or 7 mM glucose, but CCK-8S only stimulates insulin secretion (a biphasic response) when the higher glucose concentration is present. Addition of 1 μM forskolin to islets incubated in media containing 2.75 mM glucose does not influence basal insulin secretion but sensitizes the islets to the action of CCK-8S. In the presence of forskolin, CCK-8S induces a very marked first phase but no second phase of insulin secretion. We postulate that CCK-8S acts in this tissue via receptor-linked PPI hydrolysis, leading to an inositol trisphosphate-induced Ca2+ efflux. These receptor- mediated effects of CCK-8S are not altered either by the ambient glucose concentration or the cAMP content of the islets, but these two factors determine the responsiveness of the islets (in terms of insulin secretion) to a given CCK-8S signal.
Effects of Alendronate on the Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of MG-63 Cells

Previous studies of the direct actions of bisphosphonates on bone have mainly been limited to their effects on bone-resorbing osteoclasts and little is known about the direct effects of bisphosphonates on osteoblasts. Here we report the direct effects of alendronate on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of the MG-63 osteoblast-like cell line. Cell proliferation was determined with the MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, osteogenic differentiation was evaluated with an alkaline phosphatase bioassay and by analysis of gene expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the extent of calcium deposition was measured using Alizarin Red S staining. Alendronate significantly increased cell numbers over control values, with the greatest effect at 10−8 M. Alkaline phosphatase activity and gene expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, type I collagen and osteocalcin were increased after alendronate treatment. Alendronate also stimulated calcium deposition. We conclude that alendronate, apart from inhibiting osteoclastic bone resorption, is also a promoter of osteoblast proliferation and maturation.
Depressive reactions and stress related to prenatal medicine procedures

The experience of pregnancy is mainly influenced by the availability of prenatal screening procedures. Previous screening studies focus on somatic abnormalities. The psychological experience of the parents‐to‐be recedes into the background. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the emotional mood of pregnant women and their partners before and their psychological stress before and after different prenatal screening procedures (ultrasound, chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis).
Isolation and characterization of heavy‐metal resistant microbes from roadside soil and phylloplane

Contamination by heavy metals is one of the major environmental problems in many countries and these contaminants reach from various sources such as traffic cars and other activities. Soil and phylloplane samples were collected from eight traffic and two non‐traffic sites in Sohag city, Egypt. Heavy metal contents of Cd2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ of soil and phylloplane samples were determined and revealed high levels of Zn2+ and Pb2+ in traffic samples. A total of 112 bacterial and 62 fungal isolates were obtained from soil and phylloplane. Bacterial isolates were characterized on the basis of morphological, physicochemical and biochemical characteristics; and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Fungal isolates were identified according to morphological characterization. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Cd2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ for each isolate were detected. All bacterial and fungal isolates demonstrated resistance to lead with MICs >0.528 mM and >0.211, respectively. Moreover, the maximum MICs of cadmium and zinc for bacteria were 0.821 mM and 1.471 mM, respectively, where as, MICs for fungi were 0.328 mM and 0.588 mM, respectively. The most resistant bacterial and fungal isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa RA65 and Penicillium corylophyllum, respectively. Therefore, P. aeruginosa RA65 was selected for further investigations. Growth curve study showed that 0.264 mM lead had no efficiently effect on the growth of P. aeruginosa RA65. Plasmid isolation evidenced by transformation studies indicated that P. aeruginosa RA65 harbored a single plasmid (∼9.5 kb) which mediated heavy meal resistance. Consequently, these microbial isolates could be potentially used in bioremediation of heavy metal‐contaminated environment. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Clinical and immunologic responses in melanoma patients vaccinated with MAGE‐A3‐genetically modified lymphocytes

Cancer vaccines have recently been shown to induce some clinical benefits. The relationship between clinical activity and anti‐vaccine T cell responses is somewhat controversial. Indeed, in many trials it has been documented that the induction of vaccine‐specific T cells exceeds the clinical responses observed. Here, we evaluate immunological and clinical responses in 23 MAGE‐A3+ melanoma patients treated with autologous lymphocytes genetically engineered to express the tumor antigen MAGE‐A3 and the viral gene product thymidine kinase of the herpes simplex virus (HSV‐TK). HSV‐TK was used as safety system in case of adverse events and as tracer antigen to monitor the immune competence of treated patients. The increase of anti‐TK and anti‐MAGE‐A3 T‐cells after vaccination was observed in 90 and 27% of patients, respectively. Among 19 patients with measurable disease, we observed a disease control rate of 26.3%, with one objective clinical response, and four durable, stable diseases. Three patients out of five with no evidence of disease (NED) at the time of vaccination remained NED after 73+, 70+ and 50+ months. Notably, we report that only patients experiencing MAGE‐A3‐specific immune responses showed a clinical benefit. Additionally, we report that responder and non‐responder patients activate and expand T cells against the tracer antigen TK in a similar way, suggesting that local rather than systemic immune suppression might be involved in limiting clinically relevant antitumor immune responses.
Closed-Loop Disturbance Identification and Controller Tuning for Discrete Manufacturing Processes

A closed-loop identification procedure for pure gain-plus noise processes is presented for a family of disturbances that model drift in a discrete-part manufacturing system. Tuning techniques for the identified disturbance are provided for proportional integral (PI)controllers. These include the particular case of exponentially weighted moving average controllers, popular in semiconductor manufacturing. Expressions are derived for the mean squared deviation of the quality characteristic and for the variance of the adjustments. An optimization model is presented that balances adjustment variance with output variance. The optimal trade-off solution for a constrained PI controller is shown to depend on the assumption of no drift.
Histochemical studies on the yolk nucleus in the oogenesis of Indian Reptiles

The yolk nucleus of the young oocyte of reptiles is situated in the juxta‐nuclear cytoplasm. It is a homogeneous spherical mass and histochemical tests indicate that it is rich in RNA and proteins. It constitutes a center of high synthetic activity. Lipid inclusions of diverse nature and mitochondria appear in abundance in association with the yolk nucleus. Eventually the yolk nucleus disintegrates and its RNA‐containing substance as well as the other inclusions are distributed throughout the cytoplasm. During yolk formation, lipid inclusions and mitochondria are absorbed by the cytoplasm but the yolk nucleus substance continues to persist among the growing yolk bodies which arise de novo from the cytoplasm. This occurs possibly under the activity of RNA‐containing substance of the yolk nucleus, mitochondria and lipid inclusions.
Estimation of ambient light and transmission map with common convolutional architecture

This paper presents a method for effective ambient light and transmission estimation in underwater images using a common convolutional network architecture. The estimated ambient light and the transmission map are used to dehaze the underwater images. Dehazing underwater images is especially challenging due to the unknown and significantly varying ambient light in underwater environments. Unlike common dehazing methods, the proposed method is capable of estimating ambient light along with the transmission map thereby improving the reconstruction quality of the dehazed images. We evaluate the dehazing performance of the proposed method on real underwater images and also compare our method to current state-of-the-art techniques.
Reproducibility of fMRI-Determined Language Lateralization in Individual Subjects

This study investigated within-subject test-retest reproducibility (i.e., reliability) of language lateralization obtained with fMRI. Nine healthy subjects performed the same set of three different language tasks during two fMRI sessions on separate days (verb generation, antonym generation, and picture naming). A fourth task analysis was added in which the three tasks were analyzed conjointly (combined task analysis, CTA). The CTA targets brain areas that are commonly used in different language tasks, aiming more selectively at language-critical structures. The number of active voxels (i.e., robustness) and calculated lateralization index (LI) were compared across sessions, tasks, subjects, and two a priori defined volumes of interest (classical language regions versus whole hemisphere) for a wide range of statistical thresholds. Robustness and reliability strongly varied between task analyses. The CTA was a robust detector of language-related brain activity, in contrast to the single task approaches. The CTA and verb generation task allowed for reliable calculation of the LI. Higher thresholds yielded a clear increase in left lateralization, which was largest when calculated from active voxels in classical language regions.