Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Nuclear Human Poly(A) Polymerase (PAP), PAPγ*

Poly(A) polymerase (PAP) is present in multiple forms in mammalian cells and tissues. Here we show that the 90-kDa isoform is the product of the gene PAPOLG, which is distinct from the previously identified genes for poly(A) polymerases. The 90-kDa isoform is referred to as human PAPγ (hsPAPγ). hsPAPγ shares 60% identity to human PAPII (hsPAPII) at the amino acid level. hsPAPγ exhibits fundamental properties of a bona fidepoly(A) polymerase, specificity for ATP, and cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor/hexanucleotide-dependent polyadenylation activity. The catalytic parameters indicate similar catalytic efficiency to that of hsPAPII. Mutational analysis and sequence comparison revealed that hsPAPγ and hsPAPII have similar organization of structural and functional domains. hsPAPγ contains a U1A protein-interacting region in its C terminus, and PAPγ activity can be inhibited, as hsPAPII, by the U1A protein. hsPAPγ is restricted to the nucleus as revealed by in situ staining and by transfection experiments. Based on this and previous studies, it is obvious that multiple isoforms of PAP are generated by three distinct mechanisms: gene duplication, alternative RNA processing, and post-translational modification. The exclusive nuclear localization of hsPAPγ establishes that multiple forms of PAP are unevenly distributed in the cell, implying specialized roles for the various isoforms.
International comparability in spectroscopic measurements of protein structure by circular dichroism: CCQM-P59

Circular dichroism is a spectroscopic technique that is widely used to obtain information about protein structure, and hence is an important tool with many applications, including the characterization of biopharmaceuticals. However, there is a lack of confidence in the technique, arising from an observed lack of comparability in the data obtained by different laboratories, or even different operators. In this study, we set out to determine the extent of comparability in the technique, by comparing the results obtained from identical protein samples by a panel of worldwide laboratories. The laboratories chosen were either national measurement institutes (NMIs) or expert laboratories nominated by an NMI. We also aimed to identify the main factors contributing to any lack of measurement comparability. Data were analysed using PCA and SIMCA methods, and we show these statistical techniques are ideal for analysing large amounts of this type of spectroscopic data. We found a startling lack of comparability among laboratories, but we also found that most of the variability arose from relatively simple problems, which can be avoided by following simple guidelines. We believe that the lack of an absolute reference or measurement traceability in circular dichroism contributes to a lack of confidence in the technique. Main text. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM Working Group on Bioanalysis (BAWG).
Predicting Gross Box Office Revenue for Domestic Films

Abstract This paper predicts gross box oﬃce revenue for domestic ﬁlms using the Korean ﬁlm data from 2008–2011. We use three regression methods, Linear Regression, Random Forest and Gradient Boosting to predictthe gross box oﬃce revenue. We only consider domestic ﬁlms with a revenue size of at least KRW 500 million;relevant explanatory variables are chosen by data visualization and variable selection techniques. The key ideaof analyzing this data is to construct the meaningful explanatory variables from the data sources available to thepublic. Somevariablesmustbecategorizedtoconductmoreeﬀectiveanalysisandclusteringmethodsareappliedto achieve this task. We choose the best model based on performance in the test set and important explanatoryvariables are discussed.Keywords: Box ofﬁce, regression, linear model, random forest, gradient boosting. 1. Introduction The year 2012 has been a special year for the Korean ﬁlm industry. This year, there were a numberof successful domestic movies that attracted millions of moviegoers. The Thieves (released in lateJuly) has set a box oﬃce record with over 13 million viewers on that places it ﬁrst in all-time boxoﬃce history. In addition, Masquerade (released in mid-September) had a huge box-oﬃce successrecording the fourth largest total attendance with over 11 million tickets sold. The recently released, aWerewolf Boy, is rapidly attracting record numbers of moviegoers (over six million as of November,2012). In the ﬁrst half of 2012, the biggest blockbuster ﬁlm was the Hollywood movie, Avengers;however, seven domestic movies were among the top ten blockbusters leading the box-oﬃce in theﬁrst half of 2012. The Korea Creative Content Agency (KOCCA) has forecast that the gross revenueof the domestic movie industry is expected to grow by 4.4% relative to the ﬁrst half of 2012; inaddition, it states that the top four distributors accounted for 95.72% of the total market share of theaudience, further pushing the polarization of major distributors and medium-sized distributors. Thetop four distributors include CJ EM however, there are various determinants of the box oﬃce success besides thedistributors. It costs money to make a movie; therefore, a studio and investors want to predict thegross revenue that a movie will bring before a movie opens in theaters. There were several studiesto predict box oﬃce revenue using various regression methods. Sharda and Delen (2006) appliedneural networks and Neelamegham and Chintagunta (1999) used a Bayesian model to predict box
The Antecedents of Social Media Adoption

The emergence and widespread of social media adoption has been influenced by consumers’ unique needs and motivations to use the media. By having a better understanding of the drivers that lead to social media adoption, marketers could exploit the market opportunities within social media. In order to understand these drivers in greater detail, this research is designed to investigate on how social media needs and motivations affect the perceived innovation characteristics and adoption behaviour amongst social media users. The two well-known theories of Media Uses and Gratifications and Rogers’ Characteristics of Innovation are reviewed and extended to explain these needs and motivations. Three independent constructs based on earlier research on Media Uses and Gratifications, were employed to examine the media needs antecedent (i.e. personal, social and tension release needs) towards social media adoption. This study also hypothesised that innovation characteristics mediate the relationship between the media needs and adoption. This research design is structured in two phases where phase one involved qualitative approach with 48 participants from six Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and phase two involved quantitative approach through Online Survey Questionnaires with 428 respondents. The study used social media users from Malaysia as samples. Partial Least Squares (PLS) technique is applied to test the research model. The overall result of the structural model supports the relationship between media needs, innovation characteristics and adoption. The study has revealed new insights into how marketers can use the proposed research model to drive business via social media. The research makes significant contributions to theory and practice for future direction of social media marketing and research.
The Switch-Up: An Examination of Changes in Earnings Management after Receiving SEC Comment Letters

Earnings management practices result in adverse consequences for investors and have led to increased attention from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). To carry out the SEC’s oversight role, the Division of Corporation Finance periodically reviews companies’ filings and issues comment letters to monitor and enhance compliance with regulatory disclosure and accounting requirements. We examine whether the SEC’s oversight role affects firms’ earnings management behavior. We expect that increased firm-specific scrutiny from the SEC, in the form of a comment letter, will increase the cost of accrual-based earnings management (AEM) and induce management to decrease its usage. Because prior literature finds that firms substitute different forms of earnings management as other forms become more costly, we expect that companies will switch to real activities-based earnings management (REM), which is less likely to be scrutinized in the SEC’s review process. Consistent with our predictions, we find that AEM decreases and REM increases following the receipt of a comment letter. These results suggest that the comment letter process is effective in constraining AEM but may have the unintended consequence of encouraging companies to switch to REM.
Biological Subtypes and Distant Relapse Pattern in Breast Cancer Patients After Curative Surgery (Study of Anatolian Society of Medical Oncology)

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the molecular subtypes and patterns of relapse in breast cancer patients who had undergone curative surgery. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 1,350 breast cancer patients with relapses after curative surgery between 1998 and 2012 from referral centers in Turkey. Patients were divided into 4 biological subtypes according to immunohistochemistry and grade: triple negative, HER2 overexpressing, luminal A and luminal B. Results: The percentages of patients with luminal A, luminal B, HER2-overexpressing, and triple-negative breast cancer were 32.9% (n = 444), 34.9% (n = 471), 12.0% (n = 162), and 20.2% (n = 273), respectively. The distribution of metastases differed among the subgroups: bone (66.2% and 53.9% in luminal A and B vs. 38.9% in HER2-overexpressing and 45.1% in triple negative, p < 0.001), liver (40.1% in HER2-overexpressing vs. 24.5% in luminal A, 33.5% in luminal B, and 27.5% in triple negative, p < 0.001), lung (41.4% in triple negative and 35.2% in HER2-overexpressing vs. 30.2% and 30.6% in luminal A and B, p = 0.008) and brain (25.3% in HER2-overexpressing and 23.1% in triple negative vs. 10.1% and 15.1% in luminal A and B, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Organ-specific metastasis may depend on the molecular subtype of breast cancer. Tailored strategies against distant metastasis concerning the molecular subtypes in breast cancer should be considered.
Hot-Carrier Degradation in Power LDMOS: Selective LOCOS- Versus STI-Based Architecture

In this paper, we present an analysis of the degradation induced by hot-carrier stress in new generation power lateral double-diffused MOS (LDMOS) transistors. Two architectures with the same nominal voltage and comparable performance featuring a selective LOCOS and a shallow-trench isolation are investigated by means of constant voltage stress measurements and TCAD simulations. In particular, the on-resistance degradation in linear regime is experimentally extracted and numerically reproduced under different stress conditions. A similar amount of degradation has been reached by the two architectures, although different physical mechanisms contribute to the creation of the interface states. By using a recently developed physics-based degradation model, it has been possible to distinguish the damage due to collisions of single high-energetic electrons (single-particle events) and the contribution of colder electrons impinging on the silicon/oxide interface (multiple-particle events). A clear dominance of the single-electron collisions has been found in the case of LOCOS structure, whereas the multiple-particle effect plays a clear role in STI-based device at larger gate-voltage stress.
Hidden in the Factors? The Effect of Credit Risk on the Cross-Section of Equity Returns

This paper disentangles the complexity of the distress risk premium in stock returns using the risk-neutral measure of credit risk (valued by CDS spread) and investigates the relationship between credit risk and the market , size, value, and momentum effects. Consistent with the argument for a negative distress premium, firms with higher credit risk have lower stock returns, and a positive value effect is concentrated in high credit quality firms. However, credit risk is positively priced in returns on stocks that won the most in the past year and that, during crisis, co-moved the most with the market. A positive momentum effect is concentrated in high credit risk firms. Furthermore, the size effect, but not the value effect, could be attributed to a positive credit risk effect.
Questionnaire Survey about Liver Disease and Lifestyle for Audience of the Regional Seminar

In our department, we have various processes to disseminate information that will revitalize regional medicine, and to conduct practical activities and research that will improve medical care, especially for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and diseases other than liver diseases caused by hepatitis virus (socalled extrahepatic lesions). We also seek to clarify unknown aspects of these disease conditions by expanding advanced medical care and examination systems. We have been conducting regional education seminars (Seminars for Digestive Disease) for patients with digestive organ diseases, mainly liver diseases, their families, and others in the general population since 2005. We previously reported on the population’s awareness of and behaviors towards digestive organ diseases observed through 10 years of Seminars for Digestive Disease [4,5].
Information sharing in supply chains, myth or reality? A critical analysis of empirical literature

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate what empirical evidence exists regarding benefits of information sharing in supply chains, and to identify potential gaps and opportunities in this research area. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conducted an in-depth, systematic literature review and multilevel analysis of 82 selected articles. In the analysis, the authors investigated: whether the articles applied the supply chain as the unit of analysis; the selected research method; whether the articles applied the supply chain as the unit of data collection (i.e. collected data from three or more different companies); and finally, aspects of information sharing – including benefits. Findings – Despite anecdotal descriptions of benefits from information sharing in supply chains, the authors could not find empirical evidence to support these claims. Rather, the main body of literature reports on a focal company's perspective on traditional buyer-supplier relationships. Research limitations/.
Using Changes in Life Satisfaction and Health to Predict the Survival Status Among Older Men and Women in Taiwan

This study used a subjective measure of quality of life, life satisfaction, to predict survival. Time-varying measures were introduced and comparisons were made across gender to test whether the patterns of associations would differ across gender. Results showed that, among female elders, life satisfaction was a significant predictor of survival over a 12-year period, after objective health was controlled for. Findings seem to support that subjective perceptions of well-being are not simply reflections of objective life conditions. As an indicator of subjective well-being, life satisfaction was as important as objective health in predicting survival among older women.
Inhibitory and Stimulatory Bystander Effects are Differentially Induced by Iodine-125 and Iodine-123

Abstract Kishikawa, H. , Wang, K. , Adelstein, S. J. and Kassis, A. I. Inhibitory and Stimulatory Bystander Effects are Differentially Induced by Iodine-125 and Iodine-123. Radiat. Res. 165, 688–694 (2006). The bystander effect, originating from cells irradiated in vitro, describes responses of surrounding cells not targeted by the radiation. Previously we demonstrated that the subcutaneous injection into nude mice of human adenocarcinoma LS174T cells lethally irradiated by Auger electrons from the decay of DNA-incorporated 125I inhibits growth of co-injected LS174T cells (inhibitory bystander effect; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 13765–13770, 2002). We have repeated these studies using cells exposed to lethal doses of 123I, an Auger electron emitter whose emission spectrum is identical to that of 125I, and report herein that the decay of 123I within tumor cell DNA stimulates the proliferation of neighboring unlabeled tumor cells growing subcutaneously in nude mice (stimulatory bystander effect). Similar inhibitory bystander effects (125I) and stimulatory bystander effects (123I) are obtained in vitro. Moreover, supernatants from cultures with 125I-labeled cells are positive for tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP1 and TIMP2), and those from cultures with 123I-labeled cells are positive for angiogenin. These findings call for the re-evaluation of current dosimetric approaches for the estimation of dose–response relationships in individuals after radiopharmaceutical administration or radiocontamination and demonstrate a need to adjust all “calculated” dose estimates by a dose modification factor (DMF), a radionuclide-specific constant that factors in hitherto not-so-well recognized biophysical processes.
Detection of in vitro proximal caries in storage phosphor plate radiographs scanned with different resolutions.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of the scanning resolution of storage phosphor plate (SPP) radiographs on the detection of proximal caries lesions. METHODS 10 dentists evaluated 72 proximal surfaces of premolars with respect to caries from SPP radiographs scanned with theoretical spatial resolutions of: (1) the Digora FMX at 7.8 lp mm(-1); (2) the Digora Optime at both 7.8 lp mm(-1) and 12.5 lp mm(-1); and (3) the Dürr VistaScan at 10 lp mm(-1) and 20 lp mm(-1), respectively. The lesions were validated by histological examination. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed. RESULTS The A(z) value for the radiographs scanned with the Dürr VistaScan at 10 lp mm(-1) is significantly lower than those for the other series of radiographs (P = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS For SPP radiographs, an increased theoretical spatial resolution per se is not related to an improved detection of proximal caries.
Energy-efficient transportation over flowing water

Transportation of water is necessary to manage the water levels in rivers to ensure minimum depths for freight, to buffer water to avoid flooding downstream during wet periods, or to save water for anticipated dry periods. This manipulation of water flows influences the speed of the water in the rivers and canals, and thereby it affects the speed and energy consumption of vessels used for transportation over water. When considering the problem of scheduling micro-ferries in a harbour, the influence of fluctuating water speeds (due to the tide or river flows) can be taken into account in the aim of providing energy-efficient schedules for pick-ups and deliveries of passengers. This paper introduces the effect of flowing water on energy-efficient scheduling, and it proposes a mixed-integer linear programming formulation for solving the problem.
Validating the measurement of real-world functional outcomes: phase I results of the VALERO study.

OBJECTIVE Treatment of cognitive impairment has been proposed as an intervention to reduce disability in people with schizophrenia. The Validation of Everyday Real-World Outcomes (VALERO) study was conducted to evaluate functional rating scales and to identify the rating scale or scales most robustly related to performance-based measures of cognition and everyday living skills. METHOD Adults with schizophrenia (N=198) were tested with the neurocognitive measures from the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) Consensus Cognitive Battery, the UCSD Performance-Based Skills Assessment-Brief Version, and the advanced finances subscale of the Everyday Functioning Battery. They and an informant (a friend, relative, clinician, or case manager) also reported their everyday functioning on six rating scales. Best judgment ratings were generated by an interviewer who administered the rating scales to patients and informants. RESULTS Statistical analyses developed an ability latent trait that reflected scores on the three performance-based (i.e., ability) measures, and canonical correlation analysis related interviewer ratings to the latent trait. The overall fit of the model with all six rating scales was good. Individual rating scales that did not improve the fit of the model were systematically deleted, and a final model with two rating scales was fitted to the data. A regression analysis found that the Specific Levels of Functioning Assessment was a superior predictor of the three performance-based ability measures. CONCLUSIONS Systematic assessments of real-world functioning were related to performance on neurocognitive and functional capacity measures. Of the six rating scales evaluated in this study, the Specific Levels of Functioning Assessment was the best. Use of a single rating scale provides an efficient assessment of real-world functioning that accounts for considerable variance in performance-based scores.
Muscle wasting in cancer: the role of mitochondria

Purpose of reviewThe aim of the present review is to examine the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cachexia. Recent findingsOxidative pathways are altered in this tissue during muscle wasting and this seems to be a consequence of mitochondrial abnormalities that include altered morphology and function, decreased ATP synthesis and uncoupling. SummaryAn alteration of energy balance is the immediate cause of cachexia. Both alterations in energy intake and expenditure are responsible for the wasting syndrome associated with different types of pathological conditions, such as cancer. Different types of molecular mechanisms contribute to energy expenditure and, therefore, involuntary body weight loss, one of which is mitochondrial dysfunction.
Strain Variation in Mycobacteriummarinum Fish Isolates

ABSTRACT A molecular characterization of two Mycobacteriummarinum genes, 16S rRNA and hsp65, was carried out with a total of 21 isolates from various species of fish from both marine and freshwater environments of Israel, Europe, and the Far East. The nucleotide sequences of both genes revealed that all M. marinum isolates from fish in Israel belonged to two different strains, one infecting marine (cultured and wild) fish and the other infecting freshwater (cultured) fish. A restriction enzyme map based on the nucleotide sequences of both genes confirmed the divergence of the Israeli marine isolates from the freshwater isolates and differentiated the Israeli isolates from the foreign isolates, with the exception of one of three Greek isolates from marine fish which was identical to the Israeli marine isolates. The second isolate from Greece exhibited a single base alteration in the 16S rRNA sequence, whereas the third isolate was most likely a new Mycobacterium species. Isolates from Denmark and Thailand shared high sequence homology to complete identity with reference strain ATCC 927. Combined analysis of the two gene sequences increased the detection of intraspecific variations and was thus of importance in studying the taxonomy and epidemiology of this aquatic pathogen. Whether the Israeli M. marinum strain infecting marine fish is endemic to the Red Sea and found extremely susceptible hosts in the exotic species imported for aquaculture or rather was accidentally introduced with occasional imports of fingerlings from the Mediterranean Sea could not be determined.