Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metric results on summatory arithmetic functions on Beatty sets

Let $f\colon\mathbb{N}\rightarrow\mathbb{C}$ be an arithmetic function and consider the Beatty set $\mathcal{B}(\alpha) = \lbrace\, \lfloor n\alpha \rfloor : n\in\mathbb{N} \,\rbrace$ associated to a real number $\alpha$, where $\lfloor\xi\rfloor$ denotes the integer part of a real number $\xi$. We show that the asymptotic formula \[ \Bigl\lvert \sum_{\substack{ 1\leq m\leq x \\ m\in \mathcal{B}(\alpha) }} f(m) - \frac{1}{\alpha} \sum_{1\leq m\leq x} f(m) \Bigr\rvert^2 \ll_{f,\alpha,\varepsilon} (\log x) (\log\log x)^{3+\varepsilon} \sum_{1\leq m\leq x} \lvert f(m) \rvert^2 \] holds for almost all $\alpha>1$ with respect to the Lebesgue measure. This significantly improves an earlier result due to Abercrombie, Banks, and Shparlinski. The proof uses a recent Fourier-analytic result of Lewko and Radziwi{\l}{\l} based on the classical Carleson--Hunt inequality. Moreover, using a probabilistic argument, we establish the existence of functions $f\colon\mathbb{N}\to\lbrace\,\pm 1\,\rbrace$ for which the above error term is optimal up to logarithmic factors.
The Age of Incorrect Information: A New Performance Metric for Status Updates

In this paper, we introduce a new performance metric in the framework of status updates that we will refer to as the Age of Incorrect Information (AoII). This new metric deals with the shortcomings of both the Age of Information (AoI) and the conventional error penalty functions as it neatly extends the notion of fresh updates to that of fresh “informative” updates. The word informative in this context refers to updates that bring new and correct information to the monitor side. After properly motivating the new metric, and with the aim of minimizing its average, we formulate a Markov Decision Process (MDP) in a transmitter-receiver pair scenario where packets are sent over an unreliable channel. We show that a simple “always update” policy minimizes the aforementioned average penalty along with the average age and prediction error. We then tackle the general, and more realistic case, where the transmitter cannot surpass a specific power budget. The problem is formulated as a Constrained Markov Decision Process (CMDP) for which we provide a Lagrangian approach to solve. After characterizing the optimal transmission policy of the Lagrangian problem, we provide a rigorous mathematical proof to showcase that a mixture of two Lagrange policies is optimal for the CMDP in question. Equipped with this, we provide a low complexity algorithm that finds the AoII-optimal operating point of the system in the constrained scenario. Lastly, simulation results are laid out to showcase the performance of the proposed policy and highlight the differences with the AoI framework.
Aydın ili nar bahçelerinde saptanan zararlı ve predatör türler, yayılışı, zararlı türlerden önemlilerinin popülasyon değişimi ve zararı

Bu calisma 2009 ve 2010 yillarinda Aydin ili nar bahcelerinde yurutulmustur. Calismada amaci, nar bahcele-rinde zararli ve avci bocek turlerinin belirlenmesi, bunlardan onemlilerinin populasyon degisimleri, yayilislari ve zararinin saptanmasi amaclanmistir. Zararli ve yararli turlerin saptanmasi amaciyla toplam 15 bahcede surveyler gerceklestirilmistir. Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller, 1839 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) ve Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, 1824 (Diptera: Tephritidae)’ nin ergin populasyon degisimlerini saptamak icin iki bahceye feromon tuzaklari yerlestirilmis ve bunlar haftalik olarak sayilmistir. Ayrica meyvelerde zarar oranlarinin saptanmasi da bu 2 bahcede yurutulmustur Sonuc olarak, C. capitata, E. ceratoniae, Docotettix cornutus Ribaut, 1948 ve Fieberiella anategea Meyer-Arndt, 1991 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) yaygin turler olarak belirlenmistir. Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday, 1835) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Aphis punicae Passerini 1863 ve Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae)’nin hem sayica ve hem de yayilis olarak nadir turler oldugu gorulmustur.Zararlilardan C. capitata ve E. ceratoniae ana zararlilar olarak dusunulebilir. F. anategea ve D. cornutus potansiyel vektor turler olarak kabul edilebilir.
Two distinct scene processing networks connecting vision and memory

A number of regions in the human brain are known to be involved in processing natural scenes, but the field has lacked a unifying framework for understanding how these different regions are organized and interact. We provide evidence from functional connectivity and meta-analyses for a new organizational principle, in which scene processing relies on two distinct networks that split the classically defined Parahippocampal Place Area (PPA). The first network consists of the Occipital Place Area (OPA/TOS) and posterior PPA, which contain retinotopic maps and are related primarily to visual features. The second network consists of the caudal Inferior Parietal Lobule (cIPL), Retrosplenial Cortex (RSC), and anterior PPA, which connect to the hippocampus and are involved in a much broader set of tasks involving episodic memory and navigation. This new framework for understandingthe neural substrates of scene processing bridges results from many lines of research, and makes specific functional predictions.
Differentially coherent code acquisition in wideband jamming

This paper considers the use of differentially coherent (DC) matched filter (MF) code acquisition in a direct-sequence (DS) spread-spectrum system. Simulation results in wideband jamming are presented. The performance of structure is compared to conventional noncoherent (NC) MF acquisition. The performance measure is the mean acquisition time, T/sub MA/. The results indicate that the differentially coherent method is a robust method by allowing also wideband jamming in quite severe Doppler shifts in addition to previously investigated narrowband interference and data modulation conditions.
Mitochondrial genome of the shorthead catfish (Pelteobagrus eupogon): structure, phylogeny, and intraspecific variation.

: The complete 16,532-nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the shorthead catfish (Pelteobagrus eupogon) was determined using the long and accurate polymerase chain reaction method, and compared with the mitochondrial genome sequences of 49 other catfish species belonging to the order Siluriformes. The locations of protein-coding genes and ribosomal ribonucleic acids (RNAs) were identified by comparison with known sequences of other catfishes, including P. fulvidraco and P. nitidus. The P. eupogon mitochondrial genome was composed of 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a non-coding control region. The gene order was identical to that of other Siluriformes. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA, 16S ribosomal RNA, and 13 protein-coding gene sequence data sets were carried out to further clarify the relative phylogenetic position of P. eupogon, and identify phylogenetic relationships among 24 families of Siluriformes. Phylogenetic analyses Randomized Axelerated Maximum Likelihood (RAxML) 8.0. X were congruent with a basal split of the order into Clupeiformes, Characiformes, Cypriniformes, and Siluriformes, and supported a closer relationship of P. eupogon with Amblycipitidae than Siluridae. We therefore concluded that this species appears to be closely related to the Amblycipitidae. In the phylogenetic tree, the Amblycipitidae appeared as the most basal extant lineage within the Siluriformes, while the Bagridae appeared as the sister group of Cranoglanididae and Pangasiidae. The mitochondrial genome sequence of P. eupogon has been deposited in GenBank (accession No. KJ001784).
An Aspergillus flavus mutant producing stipitate sclerotia and synnemata

Abstract The ability to produce stipitate sclerotia by a mutant culture NRRL 29254 derived from Aspergillus flavus NRRL 3357 that produces sessile sclerotia is reported for the first time. The mutant produced stipitate sclerotia on Czapek agar (CZA) and synnemata formed on Murashige-Skoog agar (MSA) and on oatmeal agar. Temperature, light, and pH influenced stipitate and sessile sclerotium formation. Sclerotial yield was greatly affected by the type and concentration of carbon and nitrogen sources but not significantly by the C:N ratio. Stipitate sclerotia were abundant when the carbon source in CZA was replaced with dextrose, fructose, melibiose or xylose whereas MSA amended with fructose, mannitol or sorbitol produced numerous erect synnematous structures instead of stipitate sclerotia. Glycine-, asparagine-, or threonine-amended CZA supported abundant production of stipitate sclerotia comparable to those obtained when the nitrogen sources were NaNO3 and KN03, while CZA amended with lysine, serine, proline or hydroxyproline produced mostly synnemata. The wild type and the mutant were very similar in morphology, cultural and physiological characteristics, and DNA fingerprints, but the wild type produced only sessile sclerotia and no synnemata. The production of stipitate sclerotia by the mutant substantiates previous suggestions for an evolutionary link between A. flavus and Stilbothamnium togoense, a tropical fungus that produces stipitate and sessile sclerotia. Weak bands were detected when the genomic DNA of S. togoense was fingerprinted using the DNA probe pAF28 derived from A. flavus, suggesting some degree of DNA homology between these two fungi.
Nature of the randomness-induced quantum spin liquids in two dimensions

The nature of the randomness-induced quantum spin liquid state, the random-singlet state, is investigated in two dimensions (2D) by means of the exact-diagonalization and the Hams-de Raedt methods for several frustrated lattices, e.g. the triangular, the kagome and the J1-J2 square lattices. Properties of the ground state, the low-energy excitations and the finite-temperature thermodynamic quantities are investigated. The ground state and the low-lying excited states consist of nearly isolated singlet-dimers, clusters of resonating singlet-dimers, and orphan spins. Low-energy excitations are either singlet-to-triplet excitations, diffusion of orphan spins accompanied by the recombination of nearby singlet-dimers, creation or destruction of resonating singlet-dimers clusters. The latter two excitations give enhanced dynamical ‘liquid-like’ features to the 2D random-singlet state. Comparison is made with the random-singlet state in a 1D chain without frustration, the similarity and the difference between in 1D and in 2D being highlighted. Frustration in a wide sense, not only the geometrical one but also including the one arising from the competition between distinct types of interactions, play an essential role in stabilizing this frustrated random singlet state. Recent experimental situations on both organic and inorganic materials are reviewed and discussed.
Covariance matrices for galaxy cluster weak lensing: from virial regime to uncorrelated large-scale structure

Next-generation optical imaging surveys will revolutionize the observations of weak gravitational lensing by galaxy clusters and provide stringent constraints on growth of structure and cosmic acceleration. In these experiments, accurate modelling of covariance matrices of cluster weak lensing plays the key role in obtaining robust measurements of the mean mass of clusters and cosmological parameters. We use a combination of analytical calculations and high-resolution N-body simulations to derive accurate covariance matrices that span from the virial regime to linear scales of the cluster-matter cross-correlation. We validate this calculation using a public ray-tracing lensing simulation and provide a software package for calculating covariance matrices for a wide range of cluster and source sample choices. We discuss the relative importance of shape noise and density fluctuations, the impact of radial bin size, and the impact of off-diagonal elements. For a weak lensing source density ns = 10 arcmin−2, shape noise typically dominates the variance on comoving scales $r_{\rm p}\lesssim 5\ h^{-1} \, \rm Mpc$. However, for ns = 60 arcmin−2, potentially achievable with future weak lensing experiments, density fluctuations typically dominate the variance at $r_{\rm p}\gtrsim 1\ h^{-1} \, \rm Mpc$ and remain comparable to shape noise on smaller scales.
Cross section measurements of 
e+e−→K+K−K+K−
 and 
ϕK+K−
 at center-of-mass energies from 2.10 to 3.08 GeV

We measure the Born cross sections of the process $e^{+}e^{-} \to K^{+}K^{-}K^{+}K^{-}$ at center-of-mass (c.m.) energies, $\sqrt{s}$, between 2.100 and 3.080 GeV. The data were collected using the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. An enhancement at $\sqrt{s}= 2.232$ GeV is observed, very close to the $e^{+}e^{-} \to \Lambda \overline{\Lambda}$ production threshold. A similar enhancement at the same c.m. energy is observed in the $e^{+}e^{-} \to \phi K^{+}K^{-}$ cross section. The energy dependence of the $K^{+}K^{-}K^{+}K^{-}$ and $\phi K^{+}K^{-}$ cross sections differs significantly from that of $e^{+}e^{-} \to \phi \pi^{+}\pi^{-}$.
Minimum description length characterization of low end color cameras

In this paper, a new Minimum Description Length (MDL) approach for the characterization of a mobile phone's color camera is presented. The use of high-order polynomials, Fourier sine series, and artificial neural networks (ANN) for solving this problem are compared and contrasted. The MDL formalism is used for determining the stochastic complexity of polynomial and Fourier sine models for the characterization of a Nokia N90 mobile phone camera. A quantitative evaluation of their performances, as well as for using an ANN, is provided.
Genotypic characterization of Enterococcus species isolated from the oral cavity and their pattern of antibiotic susceptibility

Abstract Background Enterococci comprise a small share of oral flora and occur as contaminants in food such as meat and cheese. They are commonly encountered in patients with infections of oral tissues such as necrotic pulp, root canals and periodontitis. Objective To characterize the genotypes of Enterococcus isolated from patients with oral infection and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility. Method We genotypically characterized a number of isolates of Enterococcus species derived from patients with various oral infections. All the isolates were tested for the presence of putative virulence genes; efaA (gene for endocarditis), gelE (gene for gelatinase), ace (gene for collagen binding antigen), asa (gene for aggregation substance), cylA (gene for cytolysin activator), and esp (gene for surface adhesin) of E. faecalis and E. faecium as described in previous studies. Result E. faecalis dominated in oral infections compared with E. faecium. Isolates were susceptible to most antibiotics (only four were resistant to vancomycin). To our knowledge, the first report from this region. Conclusion Treatment of enterococcal infections of the oral mucosal and deep oral areas necessitate microbiological diagnosis and identification of resistance strains.
Multi-Hop Wireless Optical Backhauling for LiFi Attocell Networks: Bandwidth Scheduling and Power Control

The backhaul of hundreds of light fidelity (LiFi) base stations (BSs) constitutes a major challenge. Building on an indoor wireless optical backhauling approach, this paper presents the top-down design of a multi-hop wireless backhaul configuration for multi-tier optical attocell networks by proposing super cells. Such cells incorporate multiple clusters of attocells that are connected to the core network via a single gateway. Consequently, new challenges arise for managing the bandwidth and power of the bottleneck backhaul. By putting forward user-based bandwidth scheduling (UBS) and cell-based bandwidth scheduling (CBS) policies, the system-level modeling and analysis of the end-to-end multi-user sum rate is elaborated. In addition, optimal bandwidth scheduling under both UBS and CBS policies are formulated as constrained convex optimization problems, and solved by using the projected subgradient method. Furthermore, the transmission power of the backhaul system is opportunistically reduced using a fixed power control (FPC) strategy. The notion of backhaul bottleneck occurrence (BBO) is introduced. An accurate approximate expression of the probability of BBO is derived, and verified using Monte Carlo simulations. Several insights are provided by studying different aspects of the performance of super cells including the average sum rate, the BBO probability and the backhaul power efficiency (PE).
Species composition of endophytic fungi in Amaranthus hybridus leaves, petioles, stems, and roots

Abstract The objectives of this study were to identify and quantify fungi in asymptomatic, 5-mo-old Amaranthus hybridus plants grown in cultivated plots and in a greenhouse, and determine the species composition in different plant parts. Plants were sampled in South Africa from a plot at Potchefstroom in 1997, from two plots at Bloemfontein in 1997, and from one plot at Bloemfontein in 1996. Leaves, petioles, roots, stems, and seeds were collected, surface disinfested, and small sections were placed on corn-meal agar; seeds were not sectioned (9160 isolation attempts). All fungal colonies growing from the sections/seeds were transferred from colony margins onto separate agar plates and identified. Differences in species composition were found among plant parts (P<0.001). The most common species isolated from leaves and petioles at both sites and both years were species of the Alternaria tenuissima group. Fungal genera other than Alternaria predominated in the roots with pronounced differences between the two sites. Isolation frequencies from stems and seeds were low. This paper identifies the endophytic fungi found in A. hybridus and sets the stage for further studies dealing with these fungi.
The automorphism groups of some token graphs

The token graphs of graphs have been studied at least from the 80’s with different names and by different authors. The Johnson graph J(n, k) is isomorphic to the k-token graph of the complete graph Kn. To our knowledge, the unique results about the automorphism groups of token graphs are for the case of the Johnson graphs. In this paper we begin the study of the automorphism groups of token graphs of another graphs. In particular we obtain the automorphism group of the k-token graph of the path graph Pn, for n 6≠ 2k. Also, we obtain the automorphism group of the 2-token graph of the following graphs: cycle, star, fan and wheel graphs.
On Discrete-Time/Frequency-Periodic End-to-End Fiber-Optical Channel Models

A discrete-time end-to-end fiber-optical channel model is derived based on the first-order perturbation approach. The model relates the discrete-time input symbol sequences of co-propagating wavelength channels to the received symbol sequence after matched filtering and T-spaced sampling. To that end, the interference from both self- and cross-channel nonlinear interactions of the continuous-time optical signal is represented by a single discrete-time perturbative term. Two equivalent models can be formulated---one in the discrete-time domain, the other in the 1/T-periodic continuous-frequency domain. The time-domain formulation coincides with the pulse-collision picture and its correspondence to the frequency-domain description is derived. The latter gives rise to a novel perspective on the end-to-end input/output relation of optical transmission systems. Both views can be extended from a regular, i.e., solely additive model, to a combined regular-logarithmic model to take the multiplicative nature of certain degenerate distortions into consideration. We provide an alternative formulation of the Gaussian Noise model and derive a novel algorithm for application in low-complexity fiber nonlinearity compensation. The derived end-to-end model requires only a single computational step and shows good agreement in the mean-squared error sense compared to the oversampled and inherently sequential split-step Fourier method.
Effects of feedback on Perceived Workload in Vigilance Performance

Recent evidence mandates a revision of the traditional view that vigilance tasks place a minimal information processing load upon observers (cf. Dember and Warm, 1979). Much of this evidence comes from measurements of perceived mental workload, or the processing resources required by a task, through the use of a multidimensional scale known as the NASA Task Load Index (TLX Hart and Staveland, 1988). The scale provides an index of overall workload (range 0 to 100) and also identifies the relative contributions of several sources of workload.
To Win the Game, Know the Rules and Legitimize the Players: Disciplinary Literacy and Multilingual Learners.

Effective disciplinary literacy instruction is an essential element in the education of multilingual learners. In this article, we provide an overview of disciplinary literacy as well as instructional approaches that support meaningful pedagogy for these students. We recognize that multilingual learners are already skilled at negotiating language use for different purposes in different contexts. This article describes opportunities to build on these strengths. Essential elements of teacher knowledge and practice are presented. Multiple resources for classroom practice are
The Applicability of E-S-QUAL for Assessing the Service Quality of Social Media Services in Academic Libraries

X CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION. 1 1.1. PROBLEM STATEMENT . 1 1.2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK . 2 1.3. RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND HYPOTHESES . 5 1.4. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH . 7 1.5. TERMINOLOGY . 7 1.6. ORGANIZATION OF THE DISSERTATION . 10 CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW . 12 2.1. SOCIAL MEDIA SERVICES . 12 2.1.1. Social Media Services in Academic Libraries . 12 2.1.2. Evaluation of Library Social Media Services . 17 2.1.3. Evaluation of Social Media in Other Service Industries . 20 2.2. SERVICE QUALITY EVALUATION . 21 2.2.1. Service Quality Models . 22 2.2.2. Application of SERVQUAL to Library Services and LibQUAL . 25 2.3. E-SERVICE QUALITY . 28 2.3. 1. Evaluation Tools for E-Services . 29 2.3. 2. E-Service Quality in Libraries . 35 2.4. ONLINE SURVEY RESPONSE RATES . 37 2.5. SUMMARY . 39
The Elements of User Interface Design

From the Publisher: With a Ph.D. in cognitive psychology, author Theo Mandel knows how people act and interact with user interfaces. With this book, he covers the basics of effective user interface design and demonstrates different techniques. Divided into three parts, the book first teaches readers the foundations and fundamentals, then shows them how to use those basics to create interfaces, and finally discusses advanced topics and emerging technologies like object oriented user interfaces (OOUIs), voice activation, and Wizards. Mandel also covers different techniques with popular products like Windows NT, Windows 95, OS/2, and Visual Basic.
Pedagogical Models for E-Learning: A Theory-Based Design Framework

This paper presents a theory-based design framework for E-Learning that emphasizes the transformative interaction between pedagogical models, instructional strategies, and learning technologies. I argue that situated or distributed cognition is an appropriate foundational knowledge perspective from which to derive pedagogical models and constructs for ELearning and offers a theory-into-practice framework that characterizes the instructional implications of situated cognition and guides the design of E-Learning. Specific examples of how to apply this framework in ELearning contexts are provided.