Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sexual Dimorphism and Hemispheric Asymmetry of Hippocampal Volumetric Integrity in Normal Aging and Alzheimer Disease

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Asymmetric atrophy of the hippocampus is an important clinical finding in normal aging and Alzheimer disease. In this study, we investigate the associations between the magnitude and asymmetry of hippocampal volumetric integrity and age, sex, and dementia severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have recently developed a rapid fully automatic algorithm to measure the hippocampal parenchymal fraction, an index of hippocampal volumetric integrity on structural MR imaging of the brain. We applied this algorithm to measure the hippocampal parenchymal fraction bilaterally on 775 MR imaging volumes scanned from 198 volunteers in a publicly available data base. All subjects were right-handed and older than 60 years of age. Subjects were categorized as cognitively healthy (n = 98), with mild cognitive impairment (n = 70), or with mild/moderate Alzheimer disease (n = 30). We used linear mixed-effects models to analyze the hippocampal parenchymal fraction and its asymmetry with respect to age, sex, dementia severity, and intracranial volume. RESULTS: After controlling for age, sex, and intracranial volume, we found that the magnitude of the hippocampal parenchymal fraction decreased and its asymmetry increased significantly with dementia severity. Also, hippocampal parenchymal fraction asymmetry was significantly higher in men after controlling for all other variables, but there was no sex effect on hippocampal parenchymal fraction magnitude. The magnitude of the hippocampal parenchymal fraction decreased and its asymmetry increased significantly with age in subjects who were cognitively healthy, but associations with age were different in nature in the mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease groups. CONCLUSIONS: Hippocampal atrophy progresses asymmetrically with age in cognitively healthy subjects. Hippocampal parenchymal fraction asymmetry is significantly higher in men than women and in mild cognitive impairment/Alzheimer disease relative to cognitively healthy individuals.
Experiences of health and care, when being old and dependent on community care

In spite of a considerable body of research in the past decades on what does or does not constitute good care for older people, there are still few studies addressing this question in which older people narrate their experiences of being dependent on community care. This study was therefore carried out aiming to explore older people's lived experiences of what good and bad care meant to them, when it was offered by community care services. Nineteen older persons in three Swedish communities participated in the study, which used a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach. Data were collected through unstructured interviews and Colaizzi's framework was utilized in the analysis of the data.The key theme arising from the analysis was that of being encountered as a human being by caregivers who, through the provision of safe and secure care, provide opportunities for living life as usual. When any of these circumstances are lacking, bad care will be the consequence. As the general intention in society is to ensure good quality of care to older people as well as others, the findings in our study should have important implications for providers of community care for older people.
Enhancing Parenting Quality for Young Children Adopted Internationally: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Children adopted internationally are often dysregulated biologically and behaviorally due to prior experiences of institutional care or caregiving changes and thus are in need of enhanced parental care. The present study assessed whether parents randomized to receive Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-up (ABC) demonstrated significant improvements in parenting quality when compared to parents receiving a control intervention. Participants were 120 internationally adopted children and their adoptive parents. Sixty-three (52.5%) of the children and 113 (94.2%) of the primary caregivers were female. Children were adopted from several countries and predominantly from China, Russia, South Korea, and Ethiopia. The majority of parents identified themselves as White/non-Hispanic (95.0%). At the start of intervention, parents ranged in age from 26.2 to 51.1 years old (M= 39.7, SD = 6.0), and children ranged in age from 6.8 months to 48.4 months (M = 21.9, SD = 9.0). Sensitivity (i.e., contingent responsiveness to a child’s cues), intrusiveness (i.e., physical and/or verbal behavior that interferes with a child’s autonomy), and positive regard (i.e., positive affect expressed towards a child) were assessed at preintervention, immediately postintervention, and at annual follow-up visits. Parents who received ABC showed better parenting quality at postintervention than parents who received a control intervention, and these effects persisted at a 2-year follow-up. Findings add to the growing evidence that ABC improves parenting abilities, extending findings to adoptive parents and demonstrating that improvements in parenting quality were sustained several years after completion of the intervention. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00816621.
Exploring the role of programmed cell death protein 1 and its ligand 1 in eye diseases

Abstract Programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) and its ligand, PD-L1, as negative co-stimulatory molecules, are indispensable for regulating both physiological and pathological immune responses. The PD-1/PD-L1-mediated signaling pathway has been studied extensively in cancer research and has become a hotspot for biopharmaceuticals and immunotherapy. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies to PD-1 have just been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat certain types of malignancies. Recent research has unveiled a close association between the PD-1/PD-L1 system and eye diseases. This review describes the expression and physiological functions of PD-1 and its ligand in ocular tissues and summarizes the pathogenic, regulatory, and therapeutic roles of PD-1/PD-L1 system in eye diseases, including uveal melanoma, autoimmune uveitis, autoimmune dry eye, sympathetic ophthalmia, Graves’ ophthalmopathy, diabetic retinopathy, herpes simplex keratitis, and trachoma, with the intent of highlighting the potential of PD-1/PD-L1 as novel therapeutic targets or biomarkers for these ocular diseases.
Length-Dependent Electronic Transport Properties of the ZnO Nanorod

The two-probe device of nanorod-coupled gold electrodes is constructed based on the triangular zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod. The length-dependent electronic transport properties of the ZnO nanorod was studied by density functional theory (DFT) with the non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF). Our results show that the current of devices decreases with increasing length of the ZnO nanorod at the same bias voltage. Metal-like behavior for the short nanorod was observed under small bias voltage due to the interface state between gold and the ZnO nanorod. However, the influence of the interface on the device was negligible under the condition that the length of the ZnO nanorod increases. Moreover, the rectification behavior was observed for the longer ZnO nanorod, which was analyzed from the transmission spectra and molecular-projected self-consistent Hamiltonian (MPSH) states. Our results indicate that the ZnO nanorod would have potential applications in electronic-integrated devices.
Erubescensoic Acid, a New Polyketide and a Xanthonopyrone SPF-3059-26 from the Culture of the Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus Penicillium erubescens KUFA 0220 and Antibacterial Activity Evaluation of Some of Its Constituents

A new polyketide erubescensoic acid (1), and the previously reported xanthonopyrone, SPF-3059-26 (2), were isolated from the uninvestigated fractions of the ethyl acetate crude extract of the marine sponge-associated fungus Penicillium erubescens KUFA0220. The structures of the new compound, erubescensoic acid (1), and the previously reported SPF-3059-26 (2), were elucidated by extensive analysis of 1D and 2D-NMR spectra as well as HRMS. The absolute configuration of the stereogenic carbon of erubescensoic acid (1) was determined by X-ray analysis. Erubescensoic acid (1) and SPF-3059-26 (2), together with erubescenschromone B (3), penialidin D (4), and 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxo-3-[(1E)-3-oxobut-1-en-1-yl]-4H-chromen-5-carboxylic acid (5), recently isolated from this fungus, were assayed for their antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative reference strains and the multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains from the environment. The capacity of these compounds to interfere with the bacterial biofilm formation and their potential synergism with clinically relevant antibiotics for the MDR strains were also investigated.
Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Diverticulitis Without Antibiotics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND Despite low-quality and conflicting evidence, the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland recommends the routine use of antibiotics in the treatment of uncomplicated acute diverticulitis. Recent studies have shown that treatment without antibiotics did not prolong recovery. Some new guidelines currently recommend selective use of antibiotics. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the safety, effectiveness, and outcomes in treating uncomplicated acute diverticulitis without antibiotics with treatment with antibiotics. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, Clinicaltrials.gov, and the Cochrane Library were searched with the key words antibiotics and diverticulitis. STUDY SELECTION All studies published in English on treating uncomplicated acute diverticulitis without antibiotics and containing >20 individuals were included. INTERVENTION Treatment without antibiotics versus treatment with antibiotics were compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the percentage of patients requiring additional treatment or intervention to settle during the initial episode. The secondary outcomes were duration of hospital stay, rate of readmission or deferred admission, need for surgical or radiological intervention, recurrence, and complication. RESULTS Search yielded 1164 studies. Nine studies were eligible and included in the meta-analysis, composed of 2505 patients, including 1663 treated without antibiotics and 842 treated with an antibiotic. The no-antibiotics group had a significantly shorter hospital stay (mean difference = -0.68; p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in the percentage of patients requiring additional treatment or intervention to settle during the initial episode (5.3% vs 3.6%; risk ratio = 1.48; p = 0.28), rate of readmission or deferred admission (risk ratio = 1.17; p = 0.26), need for surgical or radiological intervention (risk ratio = 0.61; p = 0.34), recurrence (risk ratio = 0.83; p = 0.21), and complications (risk ratio = 0.70-1.18; p = 0.67-0.91). LIMITATIONS Only a limited number of studies were available, and they were of variable qualities. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of uncomplicated acute diverticulitis without antibiotics is associated with a significantly shorter hospital stay. There is no significant difference in the percentage of patients requiring additional treatment or intervention to settle in the initial episode, rate of readmission or deferred admission, need for surgical or radiological intervention, recurrence, or complications.
Olgunlaşma Döneminin Teff Otunun Potansiyel Besleme Değeri, Gaz ve Metan Üretimine Etkisi

Bu calismanin amaci; farkli olgunlasma donemlerinde (ciceklenme oncesi, ciceklenme ve tohum baglama) hasat edilen teff otunun potansiyel besleme degerine, gaz ve metan uretimine olan etkisini belirlemektir. Hasat edilen bitkiler tartilarak yesil ot verimi, 70 °C’de kurutularak kuru ot verimi belirlenmis ve kimyasal kompozisyonu belirlemek icin analizler yapilmistir. Yem ornekleri yirmi dort saatlik inkubasyona tabi tutularak gaz ve metan uretimleri belirlenmistir. Olgunlasma doneminin teff otunun kimyasal ozelliklerine, gaz ve metan uretim miktarina, metabolik enerji (ME) ve organik madde sindirim derecesine (OMS) etkisi cok onemli derecede (P≤0.01) olmustur. Olgunlasma doneminin ilerlemesiyle yesil ve kuru ot verimleri, notr deterjanda cozunmeyen lif (NDF) ve asit deterjanda cozunmeyen lif (ADF) oranlari artarken, ham protein, ham yag ve ham kul icerikleri azalmistir. Tef bitkisinin yesil ve kuru ot verimleri sirasiyla 576.91-1061.78 ve 198.54-637.03 kg/da arasinda degismistir. Ham protein icerigi %6.7-20.7, ham yag icerigi %1.33-2.72, ham kul icerigi %6.78-8.70 arasinda degismistir. Teff otunun NDF ve ADF icerikleri sirasiyla %60.36- 69.49 ve %30.79-38.09 arasinda degismistir. Teff otunun olgunlasma doneminin ilerlemesi yirmi dort saatlik gaz ve metan uretimlerini onemli olcude azaltmistir. Yirmi dort saatlik gaz ve metan uretimleri sirasiyla 25.83-35.50 ml ve 3.97-5.43 ml arasinda degismistir. Teff otunun metabolik enerji ve organik madde sindirim derecesi sirasiyla 5.74-7.10 MJ/kg kuru madde ve %37.80-46.24 arasinda degismistir. Sonuc olarak, olgunlasma doneminin ilerlemesiyle birlikte teff bitkisinin besleme degeri dusmustur. Teff otunun ciceklenme oncesi ve ciceklenme doneminde ham protein orani ve metabolik enerji kapasitesinin yuksek olmasindan dolayi otlatilmasi veya hasat edilmesi onerilebilir
Integration of a Mobile Node into a Hybrid Wireless Sensor Network for Urban Environments †

Robots, or in general, intelligent vehicles, require large amounts of data to adapt their behavior to the environment and achieve their goals. When their missions take place in large areas, using additional information to that gathered by the onboard sensors frequently offers a more efficient solution of the problem. The emergence of Cyber-Physical Systems and Cloud computing allows this approach, but integration of sensory information, and its effective availability for the robots or vehicles is challenging. This paper addresses the development and implementation of a modular mobile node of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), designed to be mounted onboard vehicles, and capable of using different sensors according to mission needs. The mobile node is integrated with an existing static network, transforming it into a Hybrid Wireless Sensor Network (H-WSN), and adding flexibility and range to it. The integration is achieved without the need for multi-hop routing. A database holds the data acquired by both mobile and static nodes, allowing access in real-time to the gathered information. A Human–Machine Interface (HMI) presents this information to users. Finally, the system is tested in real urban scenarios in a use-case of measurement of gas levels.
The Efficacy of Dance/Movement Therapy for Trauma Affected Youth: A Literature Review

As the quantity of trauma affected children rises so does the need for effective treatment interventions to resolve trauma symptomology so children may resume successful development. Up until now, the most popular interventions to aid children who have experienced trauma, have been “top down approaches” such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Top down approaches focus on processing and altering thought content to alleviate symptoms of trauma. However, recent research indicates that top down approaches do not relieve the somatic and biological symptoms of trauma that account for a majority of trauma symptomatology. The research of Duros & Crowley (2014) suggests that utilizing bottom up interventions that regulate the physical symptoms of trauma should be the first step in trauma treatment. Homann (2010) suggest that integrating the body into treatment for those who have experienced trauma can synchronize the endocrine system to inhibit proper functioning and with a balanced system, trauma affected clients can delve into cognitive processing. The findings of this literature review revealed that dance/movement therapy techniques such as body scanning, mirroring and body based coping skills may be efficacious interventions for children who have experienced trauma however further research is needed to qualify the efficacy of these methods. Body based techniques such as dance/movement therapy and would likely be most effective if paired with a top down method such as cognitive behavioral therapy. DMT FOR TRAUMA AFFECTED YOUTH Goggin 3
C4d detection and histological patterns in the diagnosis of antibody‐mediated rejection after lung transplantation: a single‐centre study

Antibody‐mediated rejection (AMR) is an emerging and challenging issue in transplantation. Endothelial deposition of C4d and microvascular inflammation (MI) are reliable markers of AMR in renal and cardiac transplantation, but remain controversial in the lung. Our aim was to assess C4d immunohistochemistry and histological patterns for the diagnosis of lung AMR.
Nostalgia and well-being in daily life: An ecological validity perspective.

Nostalgia is a mixed emotion. Recent empirical research, however, has highlighted positive effects of nostalgia, suggesting it is a predominantly positive emotion. When measured as an individual difference, nostalgia-prone individuals report greater meaning in life and approach temperament. When manipulated in an experimental paradigm, nostalgia increases meaning in life, self-esteem, optimism, and positive affect. These positive effects may result from the specific experimental procedures used and little is known about daily experiences that covary with nostalgia. To address this gap, we aimed to measure nostalgia in ecologically valid contexts. We created and validated the Personal Inventory of Nostalgic Experiences (PINE) scale (Studies 1a-1d) to assess both trait and state-based nostalgic experiences. When measured as an individual difference, the nomological net was generally negative (Study 2). When measured in daily life (Studies 3 and 4), nostalgia as a state variable was negatively related to well-being. Lagged analyses showed that state nostalgia had mixed effects on well-being at a later moment that day and negative effects on well-being on the following day. To reconcile the discrepancies between these studies and the positive effects of nostalgia from previous research, we showed that experimentally induced nostalgic recollections were rated more positively and less negatively than daily experiences of nostalgia (Study 5). These studies show that nostalgia is a mixed emotion; although it may be predominantly positive when nostalgic memories are generated on request, it seems predominantly negative when nostalgia is experienced in the course of everyday life. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Delayed Chromosome Alignment to the Spindle Equator Increases the Rate of Chromosome Missegregation in Cancer Cell Lines

For appropriate chromosome segregation, kinetochores on sister chromatids have to attach to microtubules from opposite spindle poles (bi-orientation). Chromosome alignment at the spindle equator, referred to as congression, can occur through the attachment of kinetochores to the lateral surface of spindle microtubules, facilitating bi-orientation establishment. However, the contribution of this phenomenon to mitotic fidelity has not been clarified yet. Here, we addressed whether delayed chromosome alignment to the spindle equator increases the rate of chromosome missegregation. Cancer cell lines depleted of Kid, a chromokinesin involved in chromosome congression, showed chromosome alignment with a slight delay, and increased frequency of lagging chromosomes. Delayed chromosome alignment concomitant with an increased rate of lagging chromosomes was also seen in cells depleted of kinesin family member 4A (KIF4A), another chromokinesin. Cells that underwent chromosome missegregation took relatively longer time to align chromosomes in both control and Kid/KIF4A-depleted cells. Tracking of late-aligning chromosomes showed that they exhibit a higher rate of lagging chromosomes. Intriguingly, the metaphase of cells that underwent chromosome missegregation was shortened, and delaying anaphase onset ameliorated the increased chromosome missegregation. These data suggest that late-aligning chromosomes do not have sufficient time to establish bi-orientation, leading to chromosome missegregation. Our data imply that delayed chromosome alignment is not only a consequence, but also a cause of defective bi-orientation establishment, which can lead to chromosomal instability in cells without severe mitotic defects.
The Impact of Item Misspecification and Dichotomization on Class and Parameter Recovery in LCA of Count Data

Abstract Mixture analysis of count data has become increasingly popular among researchers of substance use, behavioral analysis, and program evaluation. However, this increase in popularity seems to have occurred along with adoption of some conventions in model specification based on arbitrary heuristics that may impact the validity of results. Findings from a systematic review of recent drug and alcohol publications suggested count variables are often dichotomized or misspecified as continuous normal indicators in mixture analysis. Prior research suggests that misspecifying skewed distributions of continuous indicators in mixture analysis introduces bias, though the consequences of this practice when applied to count indicators has not been studied. The present work describes results from a simulation study examining bias in mixture recovery when count indicators are dichotomized (median split; presence vs. absence), ordinalized, or the distribution is misspecified (continuous normal; incorrect count distribution). All distributional misspecifications and methods of categorizing resulted in greater bias in parameter estimates and recovery of class membership relative to specifying the true distribution, though dichotomization appeared to improve class enumeration accuracy relative to all other specifications. Overall, results demonstrate the importance of accurately modeling count indicators in mixture analysis, as misspecification and categorizing data can distort study outcomes.