Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tracking The Implementation Of A Content And Language Integrated Learning Program: An Intrinsic Case Study

English language education in Brazilian private school systems is undergoing changes. Several school systems have opted for the implementation of an American high school curriculum using a Content-based Instruction (CBI) or Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) curricular framework within which students apply their language skills to learning subject specific academic content. High School International (HSI) is one of the providers of a CLIL curriculum. In this descriptive case study of the implementation of the HSI CLIL curriculum in a private boarding school in the Southeast of Brazil respective stakeholders were interviewed and their experiences have been described and analyzed. Certain critical aspects have been identified. Involvement of the school principal and administration is one of the key ingredients of a successful implementation. Planning the implementation months in advance, such as preparing the curriculum, course outlines, and schedules, training of teachers, staff, and academic coordinator, definitely eases the whole process. INDEX WORDS: Content-based instruction, CBI, CLIL, CLIL Implementation TRACKING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A CONTENT AND LANGUAGE INTEGRATED LEARNING PROGRAM: AN INTRINSIC CASE STUDY
Academic English in Fifth-Grade Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies Textbooks. CSE Report 642.

This study expands on previous National Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing (CRESST) work that has undertaken the articulation of the academic language construct for broad educational purposes. The primary goal was to describe the language of textbook selections in terms of vocabulary, grammar, and organization of discourse for test development. Specifically, the work reported here has focused on the academic English used in fifth-grade mathematics, science, and social studies textbooks and will contribute to the conceptual discussion of the nature of academic language, and will provide concrete guidelines for test development. The vocabulary analyses included measures of lexical diversity, word frequency, and frequency of multisyllabic and derived words, as well as variety of clause connectors and frequency of nominalizations. In addition, academic vocabulary was identified as specialized (within a discipline) and general (across disciplines). The grammatical analyses included the following features: sentence type, clause type, passive verb forms, prepositional phrases, noun phrases, and participial modifiers. The discourse analyses captured the organizational features of the selections on three levels: rhetorical mode (e.g., exposition and persuasion) and both dominant and supporting text features (e.g., description, classification, and paraphrase). The analyses of textbook language reported here have provided the bases for a profile of typical texts in each subject at the fifth grade that will be part of the foundation for developing academic language proficiency tests. We conclude by illustrating how these profiles can be used in the creation of test specifications.
A framework for mobile activity recognition

Activity recognition is being applied in an increasing number of applications. They include health monitoring of the elderly, discovery of frequent behavioural patterns, monitoring of daily life activities (e.g. eating, tooth brushing, sleeping), and analysis of exercise activities (e.g. swimming, running). Current approaches for activity recognition usually use the process of data preprocessing, feature extraction, activity model learning and activity recognition. Most of the previous research pipeline these steps and create static models for processing activity data and recognizing activities. The static models have predefined data sources that are tightly coupled with the models and never change once the models are created. However, the static models are unable to deal with sensor failures and sensor replacements that are quite common in real scenarios. Moreover, additional information provided by newly available data sources from dynamically discovered new sensors may potentially refine the activity model if this information can discriminatively characterize a specific activity class. However, the static models cannot leverage this additional information for self-refinement due to the static assumption of data sources. The primary goal of our research is to design and develop frameworks for activity recognition with dynamically available data sources, and propose and develop algorithms for activity model adaptation with the additional information provided by those data sources. In this thesis, we first provide a critical literature review in the areas of contexts modelling, context management, sensor modelling and sensors in mobile devices, activity recognition, activity model retraining and adaptation, and sensor dynamics in activity recognition. We then present the research on our activity recognition framework that makes the following key contributions. First, we propose a hybrid method that integrates Latent Dirichlet Allocation with conventional classifiers for learning a generic activity model with minimum annotated data. The hybrid method is able to alleviate the problem of data sparsity and requires a little amount of labelled activity data. Furthermore, it can deal with different variants of activity patterns since it is created with activity data of multiple users. The generic activity modelling serves as the starting point of our activity model adaptation with dynamically available sensor data. However, it can also serve as an independent component for other applications such as activity personalization. Second, based on the generic model, we propose a framework for low-level activity (e.g. running, walking) recognition with dynamically available sensors. The components of the
Size, Charter Value and Risk in Banking: An International Perspective

This paper documents the relationships between bank size and measures of charter value and insolvency risk in a sample of publicly traded banks in 21 industrialized countries for the 1988-1998 period. With the exception of small U.S. bank holding companies, charter values decrease in size and insolvency risk increases in size for most banks in the countries considered. Size-related diversification benefits and/or economies of scale in intermediation are either absent or, if they exist, are more than offset by banks' higher risk taking. Furthermore, banks operating in countries with more developed financial markets exhibit lower insolvency risk, and those operating in countries with either stricter regulation on banks' permissible activities or larger share of bank assets under state ownership exhibit higher insolvency risk. Overall, our evidence is at variance with some broad implications of modern financial intermediation theory, and suggests that absent future structural changes in banking markets of developed countries, bank consolidation is likely to result in an average increase in banks' insolvency risk.
Does Religiosity Influence Venture Capital Investment Decisions?

Theories on contextual behavior (e.g., social norm, self-identity, and legitimacy theories) suggest that the religiosity of the geographical area in which an organization operates influences its behavior. Using a sample of 91,020 VC investments in the U.S., we study whether religiosity influences VC investment decisions. Based on prior literature that finds a positive relation between religiosity and risk aversion, we posit that VCs located in more religious counties make less risky investments. We find that VCs located in more religious areas are more likely to be involved in staging and syndication and have a greater propensity to invest in later and expansion stages of portfolio companies. Taken together, our results suggest that VCs located in religious counties tend to be more risk averse.
Life After The Storm: The Effect of L’Aquila Earthquake on Marriage Rates

Natural disasters represent a challenge for policy-makers both for the immediate aftermath and for the mid- and long-term consequences. Knowing the reaction of the struck communities is an invaluable help for planning and implementing informed policies. Embracing such a perspective, this paper aims to provide empirical evidence about the effect that natural disasters exert on the marriage rates reported by the struck communities. The analysis is focused on L’Aquila earthquake that occurred in 2009 and stroke a number of municipalities in the Abruzzo Region in Southern Italy. We exploit a natural experiment setting via a difference-in-differences design, using highly disaggregate data (municipality level) in order to assess whether the shock caused by the L’Aquila earthquake in 2009 resulted in a substantial variation of the marriage rate in the municipalities hit more severely by the natural disaster. We find that the municipalities that payed a higher toll show an increasing higher marriage rate with respect to those that did not experienced major damages.
Mentality and Fundamentality

properties either. Yet I doubt very much that many people think this is a good enough reason to believe that mathematical properties cannot be part of our best science. Likewise, though we cannot perceive fundamental norms, this does not mean that they cannot be part of an ideal human science. Hilary Putnam (1982) even argued that scientific practice is inextricably interwoven with normativity—as he put it, there is no fact/value divide. Whether or not this is right, it nonetheless seems that theory-based physicalism is consistent with the possible existence of fundamental norms, and thus is consistent with ultimate purpose for individual humans or the universe. 6.1. Karma 23 See companions in the guilt arguments in metaethics, as in Lillehammer (2013).
On the Analysis of Keystroke Recognition Performance based on Proprietary Passwords

This paper investigates factors affecting the keystroke recognition performance. Keystroke recognition has attracted the interest of scientific community because of the many challenges associated to modelling the typing behavior. Despite the great efforts made during the last decades, the performance of keystroke recognition systems is far from the performance achieved by traditional hard biometrics. This is very pronounced for some users, who generate many recognition errors even with the most sophisticate recognition algorithms. Our purpose here is to study factors affecting the performance of users for scenarios in which each user employ a proprietary password based on familiar information. The experiments comprise a public database with 300 users (300 passwords) and four state-of-the-art recognition systems recently evaluated during the Keystroke Biometrics Ongoing Competition. The results suggest the importance of the correct alignment of samples and intra-class variability despite the impact of the length of the password and timing features.
Direct numerical simulation of a laminar vortex ring

Results are presented of direct numerical simulations (DNS) of a viscous, laminar ring. The effects of different generator configurations and velocity programs on the formation and post‐formation characteristics of the ring are studied. It is shown that during the formation phase of the ring, total circulation and impulse in the flowfield are approximately the same for the ‘‘nozzle’’ and ‘‘orifice’’ generators. It is also found that throughout this period the slug flow model under‐predicts the total circulation in the flow. During the formation phase, the simulation results for the time evolution of total circulation and location of the vortex spiral center are in agreement with the experimental findings of Didden [J. Appl. Mech. Phys. (ZAMP) 30, 101 (1979)]. The results of the flow visualization studies show that during the post‐formation phase a vortex bubble is formed. As the bubble propels itself forward a wake is formed in the rear of the bubble. The impulse and vorticity from the bubble are continuo.
Taking Regulation Seriously: Fire Sales Under Solvency and Liquidity Constraints

We build a framework for modelling fire sales where banks face both liquidity and solvency constraints and choose which assets to sell in order to minimise liquidation losses. Banks constrained by the leverage ratio prefer to first sell assets that are liquid and held in small amounts, while banks constrained by the risk-weighted capital ratio and the liquidity coverage ratio need to trade off assets’ liquidity with their regulatory weights. We calibrate the model to the UK banking system, and find that banks’ optimal liquidation strategies translate into moderate fire-sale losses even for extremely large solvency shocks. By contrast, severe funding shocks can generate significant losses. Thus models focusing exclusively on solvency risk may significantly underestimate the extent of contagion via fire sales. Moreover, when studying combined funding and solvency shocks, we find complementarities between the two shocks’ effects that cannot be reproduced by focusing on either shock in isolation.
Test Adequacy Assessment Using Test-Defect Coverage Analytic Model

Software testing is an essential activity in software development process that has been widely used as a means of achieving software reliability and quality. The emergence of incremental development in its various forms required a different approach to determining the readiness of the software for release. This approach needs to determine how reliable the software is likely to be based on planned tests, not defect growth and decline as typically shown in reliability growth models. A combination of information from a number of sources into an easily understood dashboard is expected to provide both qualitative and quantitative analyses of test and defect coverage properties. Hence, Test-Defect Coverage Analytic Model (TDCAM) is proposed which combines test and defect coverage information presented in a dashboard to help deciding whether there are enough tests planned. A case study has been conducted to demonstrate the usage of the proposed model. The visual representations and results gained from the case study show the benefits of TDCAM in assisting practitioners making informed test adequacy-related decisions.
Determinants of consumer’s readiness to adopt Islamic banking in Kashmir

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence the consumer intention to adopt Islamic banking. Design/methodology/approach The study extends the theory of reasoned action (TRA) by incorporating additional variables such as government support, perceived risk, perceived image, religiosity and culture. A research instrument adapted from previous studies is administered online on a sample of 310 respondents. The data collected are subjected to exploratory factor analysis followed by structural equation modeling using SPSS and analysis of a moment structures (22.0 Version). Findings The results of the study reveal that consumer intention to use Islamic banking is collectively determined by attitude, religiosity, culture, government support and perceived risk. It reflects that attitude and religiosity are the major predictors of a consumer’s intention followed by government support. Furthermore, results indicate that a consumer’s attitude toward Islamic banking is determined by social influence, government support, religiosity and perceived risk. Also, it is found that culture and perceived image have no significant effect on a consumer’s attitude toward adoption of Islamic banking. Further, the results indicate that attitude mediates the effect of religiosity, perceived risk, government support and culture on a consumer’s intention to use Islamic banking. Research limitations/implications The success of Islamic banking ultimately depends on consumer readiness and adoption of it. This study provides significant insights into various aspects of consumer attitude and intention toward Islamic banking adoption. The results provide vital inputs to policymakers and practitioners in offering and promoting Islamic banking. Also, the knowledge and understanding of key consumer specific factors can be used by banks in framing strategies for positioning and targeting Islamic banking products. The study is subjected to certain limitations such as – the study accounts only for limited factors and does not provide for factors such as pricing, behavioral control and Islamicity of the product. Second, this study is limited to the geographic area of Kashmir. Third, the study design is cross-sectional is nature. Originality/value Essentially, this study is a pioneering effort in applying an integrated TRA model to determine consumer intention to use Islamic banking in Kashmir. Furthermore, the current study examines the relationship between additional variables simultaneously within the framework of TRA. The study also explores the effect of religiosity and culture on consumer’s attitude and intention, which has remained largely unexplored in the context of Islamic banking.
On Stability Conditions for High-Speed Variants of TCP and Red Based AQM

The current best-effort Internet has been ubiquitously used around the world. Its successful operation mainly depends upon the use of TCP for data transfer between end hosts, i.e. data sender and receiver. It has predominantly deployed two versions of TCP, Reno and Sack, which have been evolving in the last two decades. TCP over Internet Protocol (IP) provides necessary stability and robustness to the current Internet. The operation of TCP depends on four intertwined algorithms: slow start, congestion avoidance, fast retransmit and fast recovery, [1]. Whereas, amount of data pumped into network is mainly controlled by congestion avoidance algorithm, [1] and [2]. A number of intermediate routers are usually involved in establishing and maintaining TCP connection(s) between sender(s) and receiver(s) of data. The simplest possible type of a router is Droptail, which starts to drops the incoming packets after its receive buffer has become completely full. However, a significant problem associated with Droptail is flow synchronization [3]. Also, it cannot support Quality-of-Service applications such as in DiffServ architectures, see [4] and its references. Therefore, in order to overcome weaknesses of Droptail and efficiently utilize the network resources, Random Early Detection RED was proposed in [3]. A RED router while working in conjunction with TCP, can form a closed loop feedback system, that is widely known as Active Queue Management (AQM). At the onset of congestion, an AQM control loop can perform dropping or marking of packets as congestion signals to data sender(s). Whereof receiving the proactively marked acknowledgement packet the sender will decrease the congestion window (a TCP variable that controls the the number of data packets that can be send into the network for transmission).
Mobile Sensor Network Design and Optimization for Air Quality Monitoring

Air quality and personal pollutant exposure measurement are important for the health and productivity of individuals. Accurate measurement of personal exposure is challenging because of the spatially and temporally heterogeneous distribution of pollutant concentrations. We propose to use low-cost and miniature mobile sensor networks to provide real-time measurement of the environment directly surrounding the user. However, there are many challenges, including sensor drift, cross sensitivity, and noises, to be addressed before mobile sensor network can be deployed in large scale and real-world applications. My thesis aims to address those challenges by designing prototype sensor nodes of future generation mobile sensor networks, developing optimization techniques and systems, and evaluating the mobile sensor network in real-world deployments. My efforts can be divided into four categories: (1) we design the mobile sensor nodes and the mobile sensor network architecture that are capable of automatically collecting environment data and transferring them to a database; (2) we model the sensor drift based on measurement and develop techniques such as collaborative calibration and optimal human mobility-aware sensor placement to minimize the drift error of individual sensors; (3) we model the pollutant concentration in indoor environment considering inaccurate sensors and based on the model, we develop a hybrid sensor network synthesis technique to design accurate sensor networks under a cost constraint; and (4) we propose a Bayesian network based sensor noise reduction system that can correct abnormal sensor readings, re-calibrate the sensor functions, and identify the gas composition is the environment simultaneously. All the techniques are evaluated and validated using the data collected from real-world deployment. Experimental and simulation results show that our technique can reduce drift error significantly. For example, compared with the closest technique, our collaborative calibration technique can reduce sensor network error by 23.2%; our hybrid sensor network synthesis technique can improve the result by 35.8%; and our noise reduction technique can outperform the existing technique by 34.1%. 1 1This work was supported in part by NSF under award CCF-1217674.
Fighting Over Bruce Lee

This article responds to Kyle Barrowman’s polemic against my work on Bruce Lee (this issue). Part One of my response sets out the overarching problems with Barrowman’s misreading of my work and of poststructuralism. Part Two sets out some of the arguments I have actually made about Bruce Lee, as opposed to those Barrowman imputes to me. Readers principally interested in Bruce Lee or in my own take on Bruce Lee could skip Part One. However, in both sections, the difference between Barrowman’s caricatured representations and my actual arguments about Bruce Lee should become clear. In the end, the article assesses Barrowman’s call for a rejection both of poststructuralism and of the tendency to read Lee as a proponent of East Asian philosophy.
Prevalência e fatores associados à anemia em gestantes atendidas em uma maternidade pública no município de Imperatriz, Maranhão

Dentre as fases, destaca-se o periodo gestacional, aonde ocorrem intensas alteracoes no organismo materno. Dentre essas alteracoes, ocorre a elevacao do nivel plasmatico em 50%. Em compensacao a essa hemodiluicao acontece um acrescimo do nivel de hemoglobina de 20%. Entretanto, todos esses mecanismos nao sao garantias de que 300mg de ferro demandados pela gestacao serao adquiridos. A OMS estima que 22,7% das gestantes dos paises industrializados sao anemicas, enquanto que, nos paises em desenvolvimento, essa quantidade seria da ordem de 52%. Contudo, ainda sao escassas no Brasil pesquisas consistentes sobre os niveis de prevalencia de anemia em gestantes. Estudo transversal que teve como objetivo determinar a prevalencia e fatores de risco associados a anemia em gestantes atendidas em um hospital da rede publica do municipio de Imperatriz, Maranhao. Foram analisadas 59 gestantes atendidas em um servico de pre-natal, nos meses de julho e agosto de 2011. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se uma ficha protocolo contendo dados: sociodemograficos e antropometricos; condicoes de moradia o ginecoobstetrica e hematologicas. Os dados foram avaliados atraves de frequencia, media e desvio padrao. A prevalencia de anemia foi de 20,3%. Conclui-se que a prevalencia da anemia ocorreu inferior ao que se esperava na regiao Nordeste, sendo considerado que os fatores de risco nao foram consubstanciados como fatores significativos, comparados a outros estudos. Provavelmente esse valor tenha sido em funcao da baixa evidencia dos fatores de risco.