Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Politics and business cycles in industrial democracies

In the article is considered the Russian experience of an exit from a crisis state of market economy in 1908-1910. According to authors, this experience has shown that reforms in key sectors of economy which are carried out in a complex with moderately rigid financial policy, and also with support of the hi-tech enterprises and national economy branches can effectively stimulate market mechanisms of economic growth. In spite of the fact that for the last century the economy of Russia essentially has changed, this conclusion keeps value when the economy of Russia is put before necessity of overcoming global crisis 2008—2009 consequences.
The genus Brachistosternus (Scorpiones: Bothriuridae) in Chile, with Descriptions of Two New Species

Abstract We review the taxonomy of the Brachistosternus Pocock, 1893 scorpions of Chile, providing revised diagnoses, comprehensive distribution maps (based on all known locality records), and an illustrated key to all Chilean species of the genus. Two new species, Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) chango, n.sp. , and Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) kamanchaca, n.sp. , are described from northern Chile. The phylogenetic affinities of B. chango are unclear. Some characters suggest that this species may be related to Brachistosternus (L.) artigasi Cekalovic, 1974 but others suggest that it may be related to Brachistosternus (L.) roigalsinai Ojanguren Affilastro, 2002. Brachistosternus kamanchaca, in contrast, appears to be closely related to Brachistosternus (L.) donosoi Cekalovic, 1974 and other species from the plains of northern Chile and southern Perú.
.Antioxidant activity of melatonin and glutathione interacting with hydroxyl- and superoxide anion radicals

Based on the analysis of the results obtained by quantum chemical modeling of interaction between reduced glutathione (GSH) and melatonin (MLT) molecules with oxygen radicals (•OH and • OOˉ) it was found that this interaction occured following the acid-base mechanism, where MlT and GSH acted as a base in respect of •OH, and as acid in respect of •OOˉ. We have carried out the correlation of the results of quantum chemical calculations (density redistribution, energetic characteristics) under the interaction of MlT and GSH molecules with •OH and •OOˉ in changing macroscopic properties of the process of electroreduction of free oxygen radicals in the presence of antioxidants (potential and maximal current wave reduction waves). This was a direct experimental macroscale evidence of the results of theoretical modeling at the nanoscale level that pointed to a marked antioxidant activity of glutathione compared with melatonin.
Synchronous Triple Primary Lung Cancer: A Rare Case with Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation

According to the diagnostic criteria of Martini and Melamed (1), synchronous multiple primary lung cancers are physically distinct, separate, and originate from different carcinomas insitu or show different histologic types without involvement of common lymphatics or extrapulmonary metastases. Multiple synchronous primary lung cancer is rare with a low and variable incidence rate of 1–16% (2). Furthermore, the reported incidence of synchronous triple lung cancers is approximately 0.02% (3). We reported the case of a patient with synchronous triple and histologically different primary lung cancers. Furthermore, we determined the correlation of the radiologic features with pathology.
Vineyard irrigation scheduling based on airborne thermal imagery and water potential thresholds

Background and Aims Mapping the spatial variability of vine water status within a vineyard is necessary for the efficient management of irrigation water. The objective of this study was to determine whether estimates of remotely sensed leaf water potential (Ψrem) could be employed as a precise tool for scheduling irrigation at the irrigation sector level throughout the season. Methods and Results Three irrigation treatments were applied in a 16-ha commercial vineyard to analyse the performance of the proposed methodology for monitoring regulated deficit irrigation strategies, and to evaluate the required frequency of the acquisition of thermal images for irrigation scheduling. An aircraft equipped with a thermal sensor flew over the vineyard throughout the season, and the averaged Ψrem of each irrigation sector was used as the irrigation trigger. The acquisition of about five or six Ψrem maps over the season is recommended. The starting date for acquiring thermal images depends on canopy vegetation size and on the difficulty of extracting pure vegetation pixels. The effect of acquiring thermal imagery on days after rainfall or with low vapour pressure deficits affected the estimation of Ψrem, and these constraints need to be considered for feasible irrigation purposes. Conclusions Remotely sensed leaf water potential was successfully used as an irrigation trigger to adopt regulated deficit irrigation strategies without any negative effect on yield and wine composition. Significance of the Study This study presented a promising and powerful method for scheduling irrigation throughout the season at vineyard level based on estimates of remotely sensed leaf water potential.
Plantar Plate Pathology: A Review Article

The plantar plate is a thick fibrocartilage tissue located at the ball of the foot. Pathology of the plantar plate is frequently missed or misdiagnosed and additionally, can be challenging to treat. Current surgical techniques include direct and indirect repairs. The purpose of this article is to help better understand and review the evaluation and treatment of plantar plate tears.
A Formal Approach to the Human Reliability Analysis of Community Pharmacy

Medication errors in community pharmacies are a major threat to patient health and safety. Beyond their cost in human lives, dispensing errors also increase the economic burden on society. Further, the current experimental and observational studies are insufficient to address the medication error problem due to its complexity. Thus, we adapt a well-validated human reliability analyses (HRA) approach for use with the probabilistic model checking, to create and valid a formal approach that allows the analysts to predict medication error rates and explore interventions for different community pharmacy procedures. We apply the method to analyze a common dispensing procedure of community pharmacies and compare our results to published error rates. We obtain an average error rate of 7.75% for the dispensing process. Specifically, 1.63% of them will not be caught during verification in our result while Flynn et al Flynn, Barker, and Carnahan (2003) got 1.7%. This research will profoundly reduce medication error rates by making recommendations for improving common community pharmacy procedures and providing a formal and robust HRA tool that can apply to any community pharmacy.
Stable optimal design for uncertain loading conditions

Optimal design problems are usually formulated as problems of minimization of the energy, stored in the design under a prescribed loading. Solutions of these problems are unstable to perturbations of the loading. We suggest a new min-max formulation of the optimal design problem which has a stable solution. The loading is not prescribed, but only a set of admissible loadings is given. The stable optimal design problem is formulated as minimization of the stored energy of the project under the most unfavorable loading. This most dangerous loading is one that maximizes the stored energy over the class of admissible functions. The problem is reduced to minimization of Steklov eigenvalues. Several stable solutions of various optimal design problems are demonstrated; among them are the optimal structure of a material stable to variations in uniaxial loading, the optimal specific stiffness of an uncertainly loaded beam, and the stable design of an optimal wheel.
How vortices and shocks provide for a flux loop in two-dimensional compressible turbulence

Large-scale turbulence in fluid layers and other quasi-two-dimensional compressible systems consists of planar vortices and waves. Separately, wave turbulence usually produces a direct energy cascade, while solenoidal planar turbulence transports energy to large scales by an inverse cascade. Here, we consider turbulence at finite Mach numbers when the interaction between acoustic waves and vortices is substantial. We employ solenoidal pumping at intermediate scales and show how both direct and inverse energy cascades are formed starting from the pumping scale. We show that there is an inverse cascade of kinetic energy up to a scale $\ell$, where a typical velocity reaches the speed of sound; this creates shock waves, which provide for a compensating direct cascade. When the system size is less than $\ell$, the steady state contains a system-size pair of long-living condensate vortices connected by a system of shocks. Thus turbulence in fluid layers processes energy via a loop: Most energy first goes to large scales via vortices and is then transported by waves to small-scale dissipation.
Measuring Job-Finding Rates and Matching Efficiency with Heterogeneous Jobseekers

Matching efficiency is the productivity of the process for matching jobseekers to available jobs. Job-finding is the output; vacant jobs and active jobseekers are the inputs. Measurement of matching efficiency follows the same principles as measuring an index of productivity of production. We develop a framework for measuring matching productivity when the population of jobseekers is heterogeneous. The efficiency index for each type of jobseeker is the monthly job finding rate for the type adjusted for the overall tightness of the labor market. We find that overall matching efficiency declined smoothly over the period from 2001 through 2013. Measures of matching efficiency that neglect heterogeneity among the unemployed and also neglect jobseekers other than the unemployed suggest a 23 percent decline in efficiency between 2007 and 2009. We demonstrate that essentially all of this apparent decline results from changes in the composition of jobseekers rather than any true movement in efficiency. We also develop a new approach to measuring matching rates that avoids counting short-duration jobs as job-seeking successes.
Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) in the North Atlantic are genetically homogeneous

Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) have become of great importance to the Canadian fishery since the moratorium on northern cod (Gadus morhua), and an understanding of stock relationships among populations at the northern and southern extremes of their commercial range is crucial for proper management. We compared mitochondrial DNA sequence variation among fish taken from thoughout the Northwest Atlantic (Flemish Pass, the Grand Banks, Davis Strait, and Northwest Greenland) with samples from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Iceland, and Norway. Within a 401 base pair portion of the cytochrome b gene, 22 genotypes were identified. Three of these occur at frequencies >10% and in the same relative abundances in all samples (except the Gulf of St.Lawrence). Genotype proportions do not differ significantly among samples, and genetic subdivision among samples (measured by the coancestry coefficient theta ) is nil. Genetic distances among samples are not related to geographic distribution: pairwise differ.
Reconsidering Risk for Reoffense in Intrafamilial Child Molesters: New Aspects on Clinical and Criminological Issues

Intrafamilial child molesters are generally seen to be at lower risk for reoffense than extrafamilial child molesters. There is, however, good reason to question this assumption. The literature usually does not take into account some clinical and criminological data, that might indicate a higher relative risk for reoffending in intrafamilial child molesters than generally assumed. On two groups of intrafamilial (n=157) and extrafamilial (n=131) child molesters, this study tested some of the assumptions generally made about these offender groups. We found that there are indeed differences that can not be interpreted in line with the general literature on this topic. Most importantly, the time from onset of offense until official conviction is much longer in intrafamilial than extrafamilial offenders, rendering the former considerable more opportunity to consistently recidivate that the latter. Results are discussed and interpreted in terms of treatment needs for both groups of individuals.
Occupational stress and burnout among polish psychiatric nurses

ehps.net/ehp The European Health Psychologist Occupational stress is a major factor related to burnout among medical staff (Escriba-Aguir, Martin-Baena, & PerezHoyos, 2006). Studies of occupational stress have been based on various theoretical approaches, such as the Job DemandControl model (Theorell & Karasek, 1996), and the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) model (Siegrist, Li, & Monteno, 2004). The ERI model emphasizes the non-reciprocal social exchange between costs and gains at work and over-commitment which may lead to emotional distress and its health consequences. According to this model, the effort at work is a part of social exchange in which rewards are represented by money, esteem career opportunities and job security (Siegrist et al., 2014). Previous studies have shown that the burnout of medical personnel is a result of the interaction of personalityand work-related factors (e.g. work overload, task complexity and ambiguity) (Castledine, 1998; Chapman, 1998; McVicar, 2003; Chopra, Sotile, & Sotile, 2004; Piko, 2006; Garrosa, Moreno-Jimenez, Liang, & Gonzalez, 2008; Maccacaro et al., 2011). Furthermore, occupational stress has been identified as the major factor associated with burnout (Karasek & Theorell, 1990; Escriba-Aguir, Escriba-Aguir, Martin-Baena, & Perez-Hoyos, 2006; Selmanovic et al., 2011). Burnout Among Nursing Staff
How thick is a fault? Fault displacement-thickness scaling revisited

Fault zone thickness is an important parameter for many seismological models. We present three new fault thickness datasets from different tectonic settings and host rock types. Individual fault zone components (i.e., principal slip zones, fault core, damage zone) display distinct displacement-thickness scaling relationships. Fault component thickness is dependent on the type of deformation elements (e.g., open fractures, gouge, breccia) that accommodate strain, the host lithology, and the geometry of pre-existing structures. A compilation of published fault displacement-thickness data shows a positive trend over seven orders of magnitude, but with three orders of magnitude scatter at a single displacement value. Rather than applying a single power-law scaling relationship to all fault thickness data, it is more appropriate and useful to seek separate scaling relationships for each fault zone component and to understand the controls on such scaling.
Do Limit Orders Alter Inferences About Investor Performance and Behavior?

Individual investors lose money around earnings announcements, experience poor posttrade returns, exhibit the disposition effect, and make contrarian trades. Using simulations and trading records of all individual investors in Finland, I find that these trading patterns can be explained in large part by investors' use of limit orders. These patterns arise mechanically because limit orders are price-contingent and suffer from adverse selection. Reverse causality from behavioral biases to order choices does not appear to explain my findings. I propose a simple method for measuring a data set's susceptibility to this limit order effect. Copyright (c) 2010 The American Finance Association.
Leisure-time physical activity, sedentary behavior, and fitness of high school girls

Background: Childhood physical inactivity may exacerbate other behaviorally linked cardiovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, which have been associated with subsequent morbidity and mortality later in life. Evidence suggests that physical activity as adults is related to their exercise patterns as children. Methods: Television watching and Internet use time were evaluated for one week, and their relationships to various physical fitness parameters among 129 high school girls were assessed. Leisure-time physical activity, quantified by a 21-day physical activity diary and a compendium of physical activities with metabolic equivalent (MET) intensities, and attitudinal belief to leisure-time physical activity were compared to all the aforementioned variables. Results: No significant correlations were found between television watching time or Internet use time with body mass index, one-mile run time, and three different operational definitions of leisure-time physical activity. One-mile run time correlated moderately with body mass index and negatively with leisure-time physical activity. Caloric expenditure during lei-sure-time physical activity was weakly related to body mass index. Attitudinal belief to leisure-time physical activity correlated significantly with leisure-time physical activity, weekly caloric expenditure, and inversely with one-mile run time. The foremost predictor of mile-run time was body mass index, followed by attitudinal belief to leisure-time physical activity and leisure-time physical activity. Conclusions: Leisure-time physical activity and attitudinal belief to leisure-time physical activity are significantly (and inversely) associated with physical fitness only when expressed by an actual performance measure, but not when represented by the sum of the skinfold measurements, body fat, or body mass index. Physical fitness is unrelated to Internet use time or television watching time. Furthermore, since these sedentary behaviors are unrelated to leisure-time physical activity, yet positively correlated with each other, it is suggested that time spent watching television or on the Internet does not occur at the expense of leisure-time physical activity.
STUDIES ON APPLICATIONS OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAM IN CATTLE : THE LEAD METHOD AND ELECTROCARDIOGRAM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CONFIGURATIONS AND MEASUREMENTS OF WAVES IN LIMB LEAD, BIPOLAR CHEST LEAD I AND II, AND SEMI-UNIPOLAR CHEST LEADS

Title STUDIES ON APPLICATIONS OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAM IN CATTLE : THE LEAD METHOD AND ELECTROCARDIOGRAM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CONFIGURATIONS AND MEASUREMENTS OF WAVES IN LIMB LEAD, BIPOLAR CHEST LEAD I AND II, AND SEMI-UNIPOLAR CHEST LEADS Author(s) TOO, Kimehiko; NAKAMURA, Ryoichi; HIRAO, Kazuyoshi Citation Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 6(4), 230-244 Issue Date 1959-01-30 DOI 10.14943/jjvr.6. 4.230 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/1741 Type bulletin (article) File Information KJ00002373198.pdf
Comparison Between Individual and Group Rearing Systems in Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797)

Recently most research on cephalopod culture has focused on the development of new specific enrichments for paralarvae and compound feeds for juveniles and sub-adults. However, little research has been conducted in order to test new rearing systems, specifically designed to meet the particularities of these species. This experiment was set to compare the biological performance of Octopus vulgaris reared under traditional group conditions in floating cages (5 m3) and individually in net cages (80 L), in two successive ongrowing trials. Octopuses (1565 ± 263 g) were fed a mixed diet containing crab and fish during 60 d. In general, higher mortality was observed in octopus reared under group conditions (28.1–36.7%) rather than individually (0–12.5%), related to breeding behavior and to weight dispersion along both trials. This led to highest biomass increment in octopus reared individually. However, the group rearing system had a positive effect on growth, reflecting in higher biomass increment and food conversion rates until 40–50 d of rearing. Accordingly, in order to maximize profitability of traditional group on growing, periodic grading and selection of males during the reproductive period are recommended. In addition, no difference in proximate composition and fatty acid profile was found in muscle regardless of rearing system.
Upper secondary school students’ perceptions of teacher socialization practices and reports of school adjustment

Lack of adjustment or school failure is of concern to educators, child welfare workers, educational, and school psychologists as well as parents, but there are few studies on this aspect of education, especially among late adolescents. Furthermore, there is a lack of research on teachers as socialization agents as an independent variable in adolescents’ school adjustment. The present study was conducted to explore how upper secondary school students’ perceptions of teacher socialization practices were related to motivation for continued education, school alienation, intention to quit school, truancy, and class absence. The sample consisted of Norwegian adolescents aged 15- to 18-years-old (n = 564) in vocational and general educational courses from one upper secondary school. Perceptions of teacher socialization practices accounted for unique variances in school adjustment. Of the teacher socialization variables, academic support best explained variances in school adjustment. The findings suggest that the associations between teachers as socializing agents and motivation for continued education were relatively strong, but the other associations were relatively modest. The limitations and implications of this study are discussed.
Influence of Chronic Dexamethasone Administration on Reproductive Parameters and Semen Traits in Male of Japanese Quail

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of chronic Dexamethasone (DEX) administration on physiological traits and semen characteristics in male Japanese quail breeders. Forty five 20 week old male quail were distributed into 3 experimental groups. All groups were fed on the same basal diet and administered with different levels of DEX, at 0 (as a control group), 0.25 and 0.50 mg/bird/day orally for 14 consecutive days. Body weight, feed intake, cloacal gland area and fertility percentage were recorded. Also, male genital organs were investigated and semen characteristics were estimated at the end and after 28 days of administration ended. Serum testosterone and corticosterone levels were analyzed by ELISA. The results revealed that, there were no significant effects of ingested DEX at different levels on body weight, feed intake and testes weight of the male Japanese quail breeders. However, the administration of DEX at 0.25 and 0.50 mg/bird decreased significantly cloacal gland area, foam production, sperm motility and viability and testosterone level. Also, treatments with DEX increased Time of Sexual Libido (TSL), Methylene Blue Reaction Time (MBRT) and serum corticosterone level compared with control group. Also, significant decrease in fertility percentage was observed after male exposure to DEX. Even after 4 weeks from administration ended, libido and sperm motility were significantly impaired. Also, significant negative correlations were found between serum corticosterone level and most studied traits. Our results indicated that chronic DEX administration had markedly effects on the reproductive performance of male quail for several weeks even after exposure to a stressors ends.