Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unravelling UBC 274: A morphological, kinematical, and chemical analysis of a disrupting open cluster

Context. Open clusters in the process of disruption help to understand the formation and evolution of the Galactic disk. The wealth and homogeneity of Gaia data have led to the discovery of several open clusters with signs of disruption. Detailed chemical information for these clusters is essential in order to study the timescales and interplay between the star formation process and cluster disruption. Aims. We perform a morphological, kinematic, and chemical analysis of the disrupting cluster UBC 274 (2.5 Gyr, d = 1778 pc), to study its global properties. Methods. We use HDBSCAN to obtain a new membership list up to 50 pc from its centre and up to magnitude G = 19 using Gaia EDR3 data. We use high-resolution and high signal-to-noise spectra to obtain atmospheric parameters of six giants and sub-giants, and individual abundances of 18 chemical species. Results. The cluster has a highly eccentric (0.93) component, tilted ∼ 10 deg with respect to the plane of the Galaxy, which is morphologically compatible with the results of a test-particle simulation of a disrupting cluster. Our abundance analysis shows that the cluster has a sub-solar metallicity of [Fe / H] = − 0 . 08 ± 0 . 02. Its chemical pattern is compatible with that of Ruprecht 147, of similar age but located closer to the Sun, with the remarkable exception of neutron-capture elements, which present an overabundance of [ n / Fe] ∼ 0 . 1. Conclusions. The cluster’s elongated morphology is associated with the internal part of its tidal tail, following the expected dynamical process of disruption. We ﬁnd a signiﬁcant sign of mass segregation, where the most massive stars appear 1.5 times more concentrated than other stars. The cluster’s overabundance of neutron-capture elements can be related to the metallicity dependence of the neutron-capture yields due to the secondary nature of these elements, predicted by some models. UBC 274 presents a high chemical homogeneity at the level of 0 . 03 dex in the sampled region of its tidal tails.
Molecular Studies on the prophylactic effect of probiotics on Salmonella typhimurium infected chicks

The ability of probiotics to protect chicks against S.typhimurium was evaluated. Challenge experiment was designed using 120 one day old chicks divided into 4 groups. The challenging S. typhimurium was counted in liver and cecum samples and the results shows that counts of the probiotics pre-treated group were significantly reduced when compared to those of positive control group. The phagocytic percent of chicks of positive control group were 38.40%, 26% and 18% while that of pre-treated group were 54.20%, 38.10% and 36.40% in 7, 14 and 21 days old respectively. Phagocytic indexes (PI) of positive control group were 1.0±0.10, 1.0±0.20 and 1.0±0.0 while those of pre-treated group were 1.50±0.20, 1.10±0.08 and 1.10±0.04in 7, 14, and 21 days old respectively. S. typhimurium from ceacal digesta were used for extraction of total RNA to assess the expression of 4 virulence genes (hilA, hilC, hilD and sipC) using Real Time PCR. The obtained data revealed that CT means of hilA, hilC, hilD and sipC of control group and pre-treated group were as follow 20.31 and 17.68, 17.43 and 16.85, 17.03 and 16.72 and 18.78 and 17.98 respectively. It was concluded that probiotics has an impact on S. typhimurium and caused an imbalanced virulence gene expression.
Seasonal Trends of Total Nonstructural Carbohydrates in Lindheimer Pricklypear (Opuntia lindheimeri)

Pricklypear (Opuntia spp.) is a major constraint to rangeland livestock production in several resource areas of Texas. The phenological and physiological stages of pricklypear have heretofore been ignored in relation to timing of herbicide applications. The phenology, percent total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC), and water content in Lindheimer pricklypear (Opuntia lindheimeri Engelm. # OPULI) were monitored biweekly for 2 yr in the southern Rolling Plains of Texas. TNC in cladophylls, crowns, and roots declined sharply from bud break (late March to late April) through the period of rapid development of new cladophylls and fruits, with minimum levels occurring during mid-July to early August. This depletion period coincides with the period when control has traditionally been attempted with broadcast applications of translocated herbicides with erratic results. Replenishment of TNC in cladophylls and basal crowns occurred during August through March or mid-April; major increases in root TNC occurred from early autumn through midwinter. Application of herbicide in late summer, autumn, or winter when TNC is being replenished in organs bearing meristematic tissue may be more effective for pricklypear control if the herbicide is translocated with photosynthates.
Cone-beam computed tomographic evaluation of root canal morphology of mandibular canines in a Saudi subpopulation

Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the root canal morphology of mandibular canines in a Saudi subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study assessed CBCT images of 707 patients. A total of 454 mandibular canine teeth were evaluated. The number of roots and canal configuration was identified based on Vertucci's classification. The Fisher's exact test was used alongside the Chi-square test to analyze the association between gender and number of roots, as well as gender and root canal configuration. Results: Most patients had one root, 99.8%, while double-rooted mandibular canines were observed in 0.2%. Moreover, Type I, II, III, and IV canal configurations were observed in mandibular canines with Type I being the most prevalent canal configuration (95.4%). Fisher's exact and Chi-square tests showed no significant association between gender and number of roots (P = 0.463), while the presence of two canals was more frequent in men than in women with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.006). Conclusion: Single rooted with Type I canal configuration was the most prevalent in mandibular canines in the Saudi subpopulation. However, incidence of more than one root canal with different canal configurations was also detected.
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide attenuates cardiac hypertrophy, inhibits calpain-1 expression and inhibits NF-κB activation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Cardiac hypertrophy is one of the key structural changes that occurs in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Previous studies have indicated that the activation of NF-κB by calpain-1, a Ca2+-dependent cysteine protease, serves an important role in cardiac hypertrophy. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of 30 and 60 mg/kg Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) treatment, the major active ingredient extracted from Lycium barbarum, on cardiac hypertrophy in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. In addition, the present study examined the possible underlying mechanisms of this effect by assessing calpain-1 expression and the NF-κB pathway. The mRNA expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of calpain-1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) in the heart tissue. The results revealed that compared with non-diabetic rats, diabetic rats exhibited cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy was defined by the following: Dysfunction of the cardiac hemodynamics, an increase in the ratios of left ventricular weight/body weight and heart weight/body weight and the increased expressions of ANP and BNP, which serve as hypertrophic markers in cardiac tissue. However, all of these changes were attenuated in diabetic rats treated with LBP. In addition, the protein expression of calpain-1 was increased in the heart tissue of diabetic rats compared with that of non-diabetic rats, where it was inhibited by LBP. LBP also decreased the protein expression of certain inflammatory mediators, IL-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and TLR-4 in diabetic heart tissue. Furthermore, LBP treatment reduced the production of reactive oxygen species, upregulated the protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and downregulated the protein expression of inducible nitric-oxide synthase. Additionally, LBP increased the protein expression of p65, the subunit of NF-κB and inhibitory protein кB-α in the cytoplasm and reduced p65 expression in the nucleus. In conclusion, LBP improves cardiac hypertrophy, inhibits the expression of calpain-1 and inhibits the activation of NF-κB in diabetic rats.
Análise da influência do comprimento de ancoragem da armadura do pilar no bloco sobre duas estacas

Este artigo analisa parametricamente a influencia do comprimento da armadura de ancoragem do pilar em um bloco de concreto sobre duas estacas, submetido a compressao uniforme. A analise numerica nao linear e realizada com o emprego dos elementos finitos bidimensionais do programa computacional ATENA 2D, considerando aderencia perfeita entre aco e concreto. A simulacao e baseada em um modelo experimental de referencia, oriundo da pesquisa de Munhoz [1], utilizado como parâmetro para validar a modelagem numerica. A partir do modelo validado, adotaram-se quatro comprimentos diferentes de ancoragem das armaduras do pilar, sendo 34,0 cm, 20,0 cm, 10,0 cm e 3,0 cm, a fim de comparar o comportamento dos blocos apos essas alteracoes. As simulacoes dos blocos apresentaram comportamentos semelhantes, ou seja, o comprimento das armaduras de ancoragem dos pilares nao e um fator preponderante para os mecanismos de funcionamento interno desses elementos.
The feasibility of deep learning algorithms integration on a GPU-based ultrasound research scanner

Ultrasound medical diagnostics is a real-time modality based on a doctor's interpretation of images. So far, automated Computer-Aided Diagnostic tools were not widely applied to ultrasound imaging. The emerging methods in Artificial Intelligence, namely deep learning, gave rise to new applications in medical imaging modalities. The work's objective was to show the feasibility of implementing deep learning algorithms directly on a research scanner with GPU software beamforming. We have implemented and evaluated two deep neural network architectures as part of the signal processing pipeline on the ultrasound research platform USPlatform (us4us Ltd., Poland). The USPlatform is equipped with a GPU cluster, enabling full software-based channel data processing as well as the integration of open source Deep Learning frameworks. The first neural model (S-4-2) is a classical convolutional network for one-class classification of baby body parts. We propose a simple 6-layer network for this task. The model was trained and evaluated on a dataset consisting of 786 ultrasound images of a fetal training phantom. The second model (Gu-net) is a fully convolutional neural network for brachial plexus localisation. The model uses ‘U-net’-like architecture to compute the overall probability of target detection and the probability mask of possible target locations. The model was trained and evaluated on 5640 ultrasound B-mode frames. Both training and inference were performed on a multi-GPU (Nvidia Titan X) cluster integrated with the platform. As performance metrics we used: accuracy as a percentage of correct answers in classification, dice coefficient for object detection, and mean and std. dev. of a model's response time. The ‘S-4-2’ model achieved 96% classification accuracy and a response time of 3 ms (334 predictions/s). This simple model makes accurate predictions in a short time. The ‘Gu-net’ model achieved a 0.64 dice coefficient for object detection and a 76% target's presence classification accuracy with a response time of 15 ms (65 predictions/s). The brachial plexus detection task is more challenging and requires more effort to find the right solution. The results show that deep learning methods can be successfully applied to ultrasound image analysis and integrated on a single advanced research platform.
Induction motor drives equipped with diode rectifier and small DC-link capacitance

This paper deals with sensorless vector-controlled induction motor drives that are fed by a frequency converter equipped with a diode front-end rectifier. A small DC-link capacitance is used, which makes it possible to replace the electrolytic capacitors with film capacitors. The natural frequency of the DC link is chosen considerably higher than six times the mains frequency but lower than the switching frequency. A recently proposed sensorless controller can be exploited; only minor modifications for small capacitances are needed. Simulation and experimental results of a 2.2-kW drive equipped with a capacitance of only 24 /spl mu/F demonstrate operation in a wide speed range.
Principals’ leadership styles: the role of emotional intelligence and achievement motivation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence (EI) and achievement motivation (AM) on elementary school principals’ leadership styles. This study investigates the contribution of EI and AM on the two major leadership categories: the task-oriented and relationship-oriented leadership. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a quantitative study with the implementation of correlation and hierarchical regression analysis. The surveys (i.e. EI scale, AM scale, leadership style questionnaire) were sent randomly to 280 elementary school principals in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, and 90 of them completed the survey (mostly male=77.78 percent). Findings Principals’ EI significantly predicted both task-oriented and relationship-oriented leadership. In contrast, the principals’ AM yielded non-significant results in predicting both task-oriented and relationship-oriented leadership style. The results also suggested that the effect of EI on two major leadership styles (i.e. task- and relationship-orientation) outperformed the leader’s AM. Research limitations/implications This study did not consider the principals’ performance in the analysis. Future studies should also address this issue by considering leadership performance as well as different culture and context. On the other hand, the authors developed new measures rather than using preexisting measures. Although the measures have been constructed according to the scale construction principles and reached an acceptable standard, future research should advance the psychometric property of the scales. Originality/value This study discusses the effect of EI and AM on task- and relationship-orientation leadership. In addition, this study has also brought a new insight into understanding leadership styles in collective culture such as Indonesia.
Epidemiology of spinal deformities among secondary school children in Rwanda

In children, poor posture is caused by many factors including, malnutrition and altered habitual positions. Poor postures may develop into fixed spinal deformities, and could negatively affect the physical and psychological well-being of children. In this study, we examined the screened prevalence of spinal deformities and characterized the type and distribution of deformities in 3 606 (mean age 19.3±2.1) Rwandan secondary school children. We screened the postures of children using the Modified Posture Screen test and the Adams Forward Bend test. Relationships between categorical variables and spinal disorders were investigated with the Chi-square test. The screened prevalence of spinal deformities was 53.3% (95% CI 51.7; 55). Scoliosis was most the common deformity at 39% (95% CI 38%; 41%). Female gender (p = .029) and low body mass index (p = .002) were significantly associated with the presence of spinal deformities. Our finding points to the need for a follow up evaluation during which positively screened children undergo clinical examination and treatment as needed. At the population level, educators and nurses should be trained to screen for spinal deformities, to ensure that all schoolchildren in Rwanda have access to proper screening and necessary intervention. Keywords : Screening, spinal deformities, Rwandan children
Hybrid Variational/Gibbs Collapsed Inference in Topic Models

Variational Bayesian inference and (collapsed) Gibbs sampling are the two important classes of inference algorithms for Bayesian networks. Both have their advantages and disadvantages: collapsed Gibbs sampling is unbiased but is also inefficient for large count values and requires averaging over many samples to reduce variance. On the other hand, variational Bayesian inference is efficient and accurate for large count values but suffers from bias for small counts. We propose a hybrid algorithm that combines the best of both worlds: it samples very small counts and applies variational updates to large counts. This hybridization is shown to significantly improve test-set perplexity relative to variational inference at no computational cost.
Investigation into loss reduced rotor slot structure by analyzing local behaviors of harmonic magnetic fluxes of inverter feeding induction motor

We analyzed the local behaviors of both time and space harmonic magnetic fluxes in this research to improve the efficiency of inverter feeding induction motors. As a result, we clarified that: (1) the magnetic flux of time harmonics passes in parallel through rotor bars, and (2) the magnetic flux of space harmonics passes radially through the rotor bars from the delay side in the direction of rotation. We propose a new rotor slot structure to reduce harmonic losses by taking these results into consideration. We also fabricated a prototype that was applied to the proposed structure of rotor slots, and measured motor losses in experiments. As a result, the total loss in induction motor with the proposed structure was reduced by 20%.
A Spectral/Spatial CBIR System for Hyperspectral Images

This paper introduces a novel content-based image retrieval (CBIR) system for hyperspectral image databases using both spectral and spatial features computed following an unsupervised unmixing process which minimizes human intervention. The set of endmembers obtained from the image by an Endmember Induction Algorithm provides the image spectral features. Spatial features are computed as abundance image statistics. Both kinds of information are functionally combined into a dissimilarity measure between two hyperspectral images. This dissimilarity measure guides the search for answers to database queries. The system allows the user to retrieve hyperspectral images containing materials similar to the query image, and in a similar proportion. We provide validation results using both synthetic hyperspectral datasets and real hyperspectral data.
Gizmos and gadgets: a guidebook of technological resources in the elementary classroom

This research examines the implementation of technology in elementary classrooms. Prior research has shown that elementary teachers have more positive perspectives towards technology incorporation when sufficiently trained through pre-service teacher preparation programs and professional development opportunities for existing educators. Adequate technology instruction is necessary because it teaches educators about available resources and how to appropriately and meaningfully incorporate them into their lessons. Teachers need to provide relevant, authentic learning experiences for their students, teaching them how to function in a technological society. Technology has the potential to increase engagement and academic performance. It also allows teachers to create an accessible classroom environment for all students, including individuals with disabilities. There are numerous methods for technology integration including computer programs, iPad applications, games, virtual experiences, and interactive devices. However, teachers may not be aware of all the resources available. By increasing awareness of these technological resources, teachers can address the diverse learning styles of their students, helping them understand the academic content and preparing them for life outside of the classroom.
Comparison of impedance measured by the forced oscillation technique and pulmonary functions, including static lung compliance, in obstructive and interstitial lung disease

Objective: To examine whether the parameters of impedance measured by the broadband frequency forced oscillation technique (FOT) were reflected by changes in lung compliance induced by emphysema and fibrosis, we retrospectively compared the parameters of FOT and pulmonary functions, including static lung compliance (Cst), in obstructive lung disease (OLD) and interstitial lung disease (ILD). Patients and methods: The data of 18 patients with OLD (16 with COPD, two with asthma COPD overlap), 11 with ILD, and 24 healthy volunteers, whose respiratory impedance was measured using a MostGraph-01 and other pulmonary functions including Cst and lung resistance (RL) were measured on the same day and were retrospectively collected and compared. Results: The parameters of resistance, reactance, and resonant frequency showed good correlations with ventilation unevenness (r=0.63, −0.89, 0.77, respectively) and lung elastic resistance (r=0.59, −0.80, 0.73, respectively) in all groups (N=53). These indices were significant determinants of increased respiratory resistance and more negative shift of respiratory reactance (Xrs) at lower frequency (P<0.001). Decreased functional residual capacity was also a determinant of Xrs at 5 Hz (X5) (P<0.05). The differences in mean X5 in the expiratory phase relative to those in the inspiratory phase (within-breath changes in X5) were associated with airflow obstruction (P<0.002) and lung elastic resistance (P<0.001). However, no significant correlations between Cst and any parameters of respiratory impedance were observed. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the impedance parameters measured by FOT are reflected by airway obstruction, ventilation unevenness, and lung resistance, but hardly reflected by changes in lung compliance due to emphysema or fibrosis in both CLD and ILD.
Optimal proxy cache allocation for efficient streaming media distribution

We address the problem of efficiently streaming a set of heterogeneous videos from a remote server through a proxy to multiple asynchronous clients so that they can experience playback with low startup delays. We determine the optimal proxy prefix cache allocation to the videos that minimizes the aggregate network bandwidth cost. We integrate proxy caching with traditional server-based reactive transmission schemes such as hatching, patching and stream merging to develop a set of proxy-assisted delivery schemes. We quantitatively explore the impact of the choice of transmission scheme, cache allocation policy, proxy cache size, and availability of unicast versus multicast capability, on the resulting transmission cost. Our evaluations show that even a relatively small prefix cache (10%-20% of the video repository) is sufficient to realize substantial savings in transmission cost. We find that carefully designed proxy-assisted reactive transmission schemes can produce significant cost savings even in a predominantly unicast environment such as the Internet.