Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High Shedding Potential and Significant Individual Heterogeneity in Naturally-Infected Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) With Brucella melitensis

Wildlife reservoirs of infectious diseases raise major management issues. In Europe, brucellosis has been eradicated in domestic ruminants from most countries and wild ruminants have not been considered important reservoirs so far. However, a high prevalence of Brucella melitensis infection has been recently identified in a French population of Alpine ibex (Capra ibex), after the emergence of brucellosis was confirmed in a dairy cattle farm and two human cases. This situation raised the need to identify the factors driving the persistence of Brucella infection at high prevalence levels in this ibex population. In the present paper, we studied the shedding pattern of B. melitensis in ibex from Bargy Massif, French Alps. Bacteriological examinations (1–15 tissues/samples per individual) were performed on 88 seropositive, supposedly infected and euthanized individuals. Among them, 51 (58%) showed at least one positive culture, including 45 ibex with at least one Brucella isolation from a urogenital sample or a lymph node in the pelvic area (active infection in organs in the pelvic area). Among these 45 ibex, 26 (30% of the total number of necropsied animals) showed at least one positive culture for a urogenital organ and were considered as being at risk of shedding the bacteria at the time of capture. We observed significant heterogeneity between sex-and-age classes: seropositive females were most at risk to excrete Brucella before the age of 5 years, possibly corresponding to abortion during the first pregnancy following infection such as reported in the domestic ruminants. The high shedding potential observed in young females may have contributed to the self-sustained maintenance of infection in this population, whereas males are supposed to play a role of transmission between spatial units through venereal transmission during mating. This heterogeneity in the shedding potential of seropositive individuals should be considered in the future to better evaluate management scenarios in this system as well as in others.
Distinct Microbial Signatures Associated With Different Breast Cancer Types

A dysbiotic microbiome can potentially contribute to the pathogenesis of many different diseases including cancer. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Thus, we investigated the diversity of the microbiome in the four major types of breast cancer: endocrine receptor (ER) positive, triple positive, Her2 positive and triple negative breast cancers. Using a whole genome and transcriptome amplification and a pan-pathogen microarray (PathoChip) strategy, we detected unique and common viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic signatures for each of the breast cancer types. These were validated by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the breast cancer samples, based on their detected microbial signatures, showed distinct patterns for the triple negative and triple positive samples, while the ER positive and Her2 positive samples shared similar microbial signatures. These signatures, unique or common to the different breast cancer types, provide a new line of investigation to gain further insights into prognosis, treatment strategies and clinical outcome, as well as better understanding of the role of the micro-organisms in the development and progression of breast cancer.
Fatigue Failure Load of Lithium Disilicate Restorations Cemented on a Chairside Titanium-Base.

PURPOSE To evaluate the fatigue failure load of distinct lithium disilicate restoration designs cemented on a chairside titanium base for maxillary anterior implant-supported restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A left-maxillary incisor restoration was virtually designed and sorted into 3 groups: (n = 10/group; CTD: lithium disilicate crowns cemented on custom-milled titanium abutments; VMLD: monolithic full-contour lithium disilicate crowns cemented on a chairside titanium-base; VCLD: lithium disilicate crowns bonded to lithium disilicate customized anatomic structures and then cemented onto a chairside titanium base). The chairside titanium base was air-abraded with aluminum oxide particles. Subsequently, the titanium base was steam-cleaned and air-dried. Then a thin coat of a silane agent was applied. The intaglio surface of the ceramic components was treated with 5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching gel, followed by silanization, and bonded with a resin cement. The specimens were fatigued at 20 Hz, starting with a 100 N load (5000× load pulses), followed by stepwise loading from 400 N up to 1400 N (200 N increments) at a maximum of 30,000 cycles each. The failure loads, number of cycles, and fracture analysis were recorded. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by pairwise comparisons (p < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival plots and Weibull survival analyses were reported. RESULTS For catastrophic fatigue failure load and the total number of cycles for failure, VMLD (1260 N, 175,231 cycles) was significantly higher than VCLD (1080 N, 139,965 cycles) and CDT (1000 N, 133,185 cycles). VMLD had a higher Weibull modulus demonstrating greater structural reliability. CONCLUSION VMLD had the best fatigue failure resistance when compared with the other two groups.
Admission glycemic variability correlates with in-hospital outcomes in diabetic patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of admission glycemic variability (AGV) on in-hospital outcomes in diabetic patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods We studied 759 diabetic patients with NSTE-ACS undergoing PCI. AGV was accessed based on the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGEs) in the first 24 hours after admission. Primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital events, all-cause mortality, new-onset myocardial infarction, acute heart failure, and stroke. Secondary outcomes were each of these considered separately. Predictive effects of AGV on the in-hospital outcomes in patients were analyzed. Results Patients with high MAGE levels had significantly higher incidence of total outcomes (9.9% vs. 4.8%, p=0.009) and all-cause mortality (2.3% vs. 0.4%, p=0.023) than those with low MAGE levels during hospitalization. Multivariable analysis revealed that AGV was significantly associated with incidence of in-hospital outcomes (Odds ratio=2.024, 95% CI 1.105-3.704, p=0.022) but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was not. In the receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis for MAGE and HbA1c in predicting in-hospital outcomes, the area under the curve for MAGE (0.608, p=0.012) was superior to that for HbA1c (0.556, p=0.193). Conclusion High AGV levels may be closely correlated with increased in-hospital poor outcomes in diabetic patients with NSTE-ACS following PCI.
Determinants of the presence of human papillomaviruses in the anal canal of Russian men

Knowledge of determinants of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among men is still limited as most of the studies are focused on high‐risk populations and geographically narrowed. Such knowledge obtained in different populations is essential for better understanding of HPV natural history, transmission dynamics, and its role in the development and prevention of anogenital malignancies in different regions. Here we tested anal canal swab samples from 359 Russian heterosexual (323 human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]‐negative and 27 HIV‐positive, aged 18‐67 years) men attending a sexually transmitted infection clinic 36 HPV types using a proficient Luminex assay. HPV‐positivity in anal samples was common for 332 HIV‐negative heterosexual men for overall HPV (15.7%, n = 52), oncogenic HPV (9.6%, n = 32), nononcogenic HPV (8.1%, n = 27), and multiple HPV infections (4.5%, n = 14). The most common anal HPV types were HPV16 (5.7%), HPV45, and HPV51 (1.8% each), HPV66, and HPV87 (1.8% each). No association was found with the number of lifetime sexual partners, age of participants at the time of the study, or their sexual debut. Although anal HPV positivity was more common among HIV‐positive men, the current study provides additional evidence that anal HPV can be frequently detected in heterosexual HIV‐negative men favoring further studies on transmission routes to discriminate between contamination and true HPV infection.
Uses of maxillary sinus lateral wall bony window in an open window sinus lift procedure: literature review.

AIM To review all of the possible uses for maxillary sinus lateral wall bony window in an open maxillary sinus lift procedure and to evaluate the influence of each method to the rate of sinus membrane perforations. METHODS A systematic literature review was performed of randomized control studies in English identified in MEDLINE (PubMed) and Cochrane online databases, published between 2007.09. 01 and 2017.09. 01. Surgeries had to be performed in vivo, for patients over 18 years old. A study had to have at least 10 sinus lifting procedures, had to detail how the bony window was used and had to report the number of Schneiderian membrane perforations. RESULTS 922 publications were found, out of which 68 were selected for qualitative assessment. 29 of them were selected for quantitative assessment. 4 distinct uses for bony window were found: bony window is elevated into the sinus cavity under the membrane; removed and discarded; repositioned to its original position after the surgery; used as a graft material for sinus lift. CONCLUSIONS there is a statistically significant difference of sinus membrane perforations between different uses of the lateral bony window of an open sinus lift procedure. However, due to the lack of publications that investigate the effects of different bony window usage methods, clinical recommendations cannot be drawn from current data.
Synthesis and Characterization of Photocatalytic Material TiO 2 /SBA-15

TiO 2 /SBA-15 materials have been synthesized via a simple indirect hydrothermal method under weak acidic conditions. The powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N 2 adsorption-desorption, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synthetic products showed highly ordered mesoporous structure with uniform pore sizes, speciﬁc surface areas S BET of 133 m 2 /g and 256 m 2 /g at the TiO 2 :SiO 2 mass ratios of 75:25 and 50:50, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of these materials has been studied by methylene blue decomposition under UV light irradiation.
Traumatic fractures resulting from collisions in children and adolescents

Abstract To investigate the incidence and pattern of child and adolescent (⩽18 years old) traumatic fractures (TFs) as a result of collisions. We retrospectively reviewed 270 child and adolescent patients (228 males and 42 females aged 12.8 ± 5.1 years old) with TFs as a result of collisions admitted to our university-affiliated hospitals from 2001 to 2010. The incidence and patterns were summarized with respect to different age groups, sex, etiology, and whether the patient presented with nerve injury. The most common etiologies were struck by object (105, 38.9%) and wounded by person (74, 27.4%). The most common fracture sites were upper limb fractures (126, 46.7%) and craniofacial fractures (82, 30.4%). A total of 65 (24.1%) patients suffered a nerve injury. The frequency of early and late complications/associated injuries was 35.6% (n = 96) and 8.5% (n = 23), respectively. The mean age (P = .001) and frequency of wounded by person (P = .038) was significantly larger in male than in female patients. The frequency of earthquake injury (P < .001) and lower limb fractures (P = .002) was significantly larger in females than in male patients. The frequency of upper limb fracture was significantly higher in the wounded by machine group (83.3%) than in the other groups (all P < .05). The frequency of lower limb fractures was significantly higher in the earthquake injury group (64.7%) than in the other groups (all P < .05). The frequency of craniofacial fracture was significantly higher in the wounded by person group (54.1%) than in the other groups (all P < .05). The emergency admission rate (P = .047), frequency of wounded by person (P < .001), craniofacial fracture (P < .001), and early complications/associated injuries (P < .001) were significantly larger in patients with nerve injury than in other patients. Struck by object and upper limb fractures were the most common etiology and site, respectively. Wounded by person and craniofacial fractures were risk factors for nerve injury. Therefore, we should pay more attention to patients wounded by person, presenting with craniofacial fracture, to find whether there is nerve injury.
Non-convex profile evolution in two dimensions using volume of fluids

A new Volume of Fluid (VoF) method is applied to the problem of surface evolution in two dimensions (2D). The VoF technique is applied to problems that are representative of those that arise in semiconductor manufacturing, specifically photolithography and ion-milling. The types of surface motion considered are those whose etch rates vary as a function of both surface position and orientation. Functionality is demonstrated for etch rates that are non-convex in regard to surface orientation. A new method of computing surface curvature using divided differences of the volume fractions is also introduced, and applied to the advancement of surfaces as a vanishing diffusive term.
The implications of an idealised large-scale circulation for mechanical work

A thermodynamic analysis is presented of an overturning circulation simulated by two cloud resolving models, coupled by a weak temperature gradient parametrisation. Taken together, they represent two separated regions over different sea surface temperatures, and the coupling represents an idealised large-scale circulation such as the Walker circulation. It is demonstrated that a thermodynamic budget linking net heat input to the generation of mechanical energy can be partitioned into contributions from the large-scale interaction between the two regions, as represented by the weak temperature gradient approximation, and from convective motions in the active warm region and the suppressed cool region. Model results imply that such thermodynamic diagnostics for the aggregate system are barely affected by the strength of the coupling, even its introduction, or by the SST contrast between the regions. This indicates that the weak temperature gradient parametrisation does not introduce anomalous thermodynamic behaviour. We find that the vertical kinetic energy associated with the large-scale circulation is more than three orders of magnitude smaller than the typical vertical kinetic energy in each region. However, even with very weak coupling circulations, the contrast between the thermodynamic budget terms for the suppressed and active regions is strong and is relatively insensitive to the degree of the coupling. Additionally, scaling arguments are developed for the relative values of the terms in the mechanical energy budget. 11
Wrong-Site Surgery in Pediatric Ophthalmology.

PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of pediatric ophthalmologists who have performed wrong-site surgery, propose risk factors leading to these errors, and assess the effectiveness of the Universal Protocol in preventing them. METHODS Approximately 1,000 pediatric ophthalmology surgeons were invited to complete an anonymous 10-question survey. Respondents were divided into two groups: those who performed or attempted wrong-site surgery (wrong-site surgery group) and those who had never performed a wrong-site surgery (intended surgical site group). The risk factors (ie, marking procedure, years in practice, surgical experience, adherence to the Universal Protocol time-out, and operating room factors) were compared between groups. RESULTS Of the 156 respondents, 56.4% never performed, 9% attempted, and 34.6% performed a wrong-site surgery. The use of any procedure to mark the eye decreased the likelihood of a wrong-site surgery by 61% (odds ratio [OR] = 0.39; P = .069). A lower likelihood of error occurred when a single individual led the time-out and multiple individuals participated in checking the accuracy of the time-out. Surgeons in practice for less than 15 years had a lower likelihood of performing a wrong-site surgery (OR = 0.37; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.19 to 0.72; P = .003). Factors not significantly associated with wrong-site surgeries were the number of surgeries performed per year (OR = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.35 to 1.24; P = .20) and the number of operating rooms used. CONCLUSIONS In concordance with previous reports of other surgical specialties, self-reported error in pediatric ophthalmology is not uncommon. This study highlighted important practices that can be easily adopted by surgeons to decrease the likelihood of wrong-site surgeries. First, marking the surgical site must be part of the preoperative preparation. Second, a single designated individual should lead the time-out and the surgeon should be directly involved in all steps of the time-out process. Third, surgeons who have been in practice for more than 15 years may require additional safeguards to ensure that the correct surgery is performed and to monitor their complacency. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2018;55(3):152-158. ].
ESTUDO DA VIABILIDADE DE DISPOSIÇÃO FINAL DOS LODOS DE ETAS EM ATERROS SANITÁRIOS

RESUMO: Dentre as formas de disposicao final da fracao solida do lodo de decantadores de ETAs apos a desidratacao esta a disposicao em aterros sanitarios em substituicao ao solo. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar se lodo de decantador apos desidratacao pode ser disposto em aterros sanitarios, uma vez que os metais presentes no lodo desidratado nao lixiviam causando impactos ambientais. Para isso, primeiramente foram realizados ensaios de desaguamento em leitos de drenagem e secagem com manta geotextil, e em seguida foram realizados para os lodos desidratados o teste de lixiviacao e a classificacao, de acordo com as NBRs 10.004, 10.005 e 10.006 (ABNT, 2004). Como resultados, o ensaio em colunas de lixiviacao revelou que os lodos de ETAs desidratados com teor de solidos de em media 80%, podem ser dispostos como cobertura de celulas em aterro sanitario, uma vez que os metais presentes nao foram disponibilizados quando em contato com a agua. Alem disso, foi possivel obter a classificacao dos os lodos tipos A e B, os quais foram classificados como residuo Classe II A – Nao inertes.
Thrombocytopenia in Moderate- to High-Risk Sutureless Aortic Valve Replacement

Background This study aimed to compare preliminary data on the outcomes of sutureless aortic valve replacement (SU-AVR) with those of aortic valve replacement (AVR). Methods We conducted a retrospective study of SU-AVR in moderate- to high-risk patients from 2013 to 2016. Matching was performed at a 1:1 ratio using the Society of Thoracic Surgeons predicted risk of mortality score with sex and age. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. The secondary outcomes were operative outcomes and complications. Results A total of 277 patients were studied. Ten patients (50% males; median age, 81.5 years) underwent SU-AVR. Postoperative echocardiography showed impressive outcomes in the SU-AVR group. The 30-day mortality was 10% in both groups. In our study, the patients in the SU-AVR group developed postoperative thrombocytopenia. Platelet counts decreased from 225×103/μL preoperatively to 94.5, 54.5, and 50.1×103/μL on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3, respectively, showing significant differences compared with the AVR group (p=0.04, p=0.16, and p=0.20, respectively). The median amount of platelet transfusion was higher in the AVR group (12.5 vs. 0 units, p=0.052). Conclusion There was no difference in the 30-day mortality of moderate- to high-risk patients depending on whether they underwent SU-AVR or AVR. Although SU-AVR is associated with favorable cardiopulmonary bypass and cross-clamp times, it may be associated with postoperative thrombocytopenia.
Efficiency of mepivacaine 2% versus lignocaine 2% in the extraction of impacted third molars: Randomized, clinical trial

Background: Most commonly performed the minor oral surgical procedure is removal of a lower third molar. And to ease this procedure many local anesthetics are available, and the commonly used local anesthetics are lignocaine with adrenaline, but recently mepivacaine with levonordefrin is used as it is longer acting than lignocaine with the same concentration. However, very less clinical studies have been conducted to compare these two to know the efficacy and depth or anesthesia. Aim: Purpose of the study is to compare the efficiency of mepivacaine 2% with levonordefrin versus lignocaine 2% with adrenalin in the extraction of bilaterally impacted third molars: A single‐blind, clinical trial. Materials and Methods: In the study, 128 patients were selected with all types of mandibular third molar impactions. Inferior alveolar nerve block is given with mepivacaine 2% with levonordefrin or lignocaine 2% with adrenalin surgical procedure was started 5 min after anesthesia is achieved . Result: The mean onset of anesthesia in mepivacaine group is 4.38 and in lignocaine group is 4.86. Moreover, mean duration of anesthesia in Group A 170.31 min and 168.72 min in Group B. There is statistically significant difference in the depth of anesthesia in‐Group A and Group B intraoperatively, in‐Group A 28 (43.7%) patient experienced pain during a procedure on visual analog scale, whereas in‐Group B 9 (14.06%). Conclusion: In our study mepivacaine with levonordefrin has inferior performance in relation to lignocaine with adrenaline in terms of depth of anesthesia. Clinical Significance: Literature says mepivacaine with levonordefrin is better than lignocaine with adrenaline in duration of action and in depth of anesthesia, but clinically we found there is no statistically difference in duration and in depth of anesthesia, we found lignocaine with adrenaline is better.
Asymptotic behavior of Palais–Smale sequences associated with fractional Yamabe-type equations

In this paper, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of Palais-Smale sequences associated to fractional Yamabe-type equations on an asymptotically hyperbolic Riemannian manifold. We prove that Palais-Smale sequences can be decomposed into the solution of the limit equation plus a finite number of bubbles, which are the rescaling of the fundamental solution for the fractional Yamabe equation on Euclidean space. We also verify the non-interfering fact for multibubbles.