Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Benevolent Leadership and Interpersonal Deviant Behaviors in Higher Education

This study examines the relationship between benevolent leadership and interpersonal deviance and the mediating effects of psychological capital and psychological ownership on that relationship in higher education. The study sample included 1190 faculty members along with their 78 department chairs in 13 universities selected by the cluster random-sampling method in İstanbul, Ankara, İzmir, Antalya, Adana, Bursa, Samsun, Kayseri, Erzurum and Gaziantep. It was completed in 9 January – 24 February 2017. Faculty member’s perceptions of psychological capital, psychological ownership and benevolent leadership were measured using “the Psychological Capital Questionnaire” developed by Luthans, Youssef, & Avolio (2007), “the Psychological Ownership Scale” developed by Avey, Avolio, Crossley, & Luthans (2008) and Cheng, Chou, & Farh’s (2000) “Benevolent Leadership Scale” respectively. Bennett and Robinson’s (2000) “Interpersonal Deviance Scale” was used to assess department chair’s perception of the interpersonal deviance. Results revealed a significant negative relationship between benevolent leadership and interpersonal deviance and fully mediating effects of psychological capital and psychological ownership on that relationship.
Innervation of footpads of normal and mutant mice lacking sweat glands

Footpads of normal adult mice are innervated by sympathetic and sensory fibers. The sympathetic fibers associated with sweat glands contain acetylcholinesterase and immunoreactivity for vasoactive intestinal peptide. Although catecholamine histofluorescence is absent, the gland innervation exhibits immunoreactivity for tyrosine hydroxylase. A distinct population of sympathetic fibers, which possess catecholamines and neuropeptide Y as well as tyrosinehydroxylase immunoreactivity, innervates blood vessels. Sensory fibers containing immunoreactivity for substance P and calcitonin gene‐related peptide course beneath the epidermis and some form endings in it. Treatment of neonatal mice with the adrenergic neurotoxin, 6‐hydroxydopamine, results in loss of sympathetic innervation of sweat glands and blood vessels, permits growth of sensory axons into sweat glands, but does not alter the peptidergic sensory innervation of the dermis and epidermis. Three mouse mutations, Tabby (Ta), crinkled (cr), and downless (dl), disrupt the interactions between the mesenchyme and epidermis that are required for normal development of specific epidermal derivatives, including sweat glands. The sympathetic innervation of blood vessels and sensory innervation of footpad skin of the three mutant mice that lack sweat glands is indistinguishable from normal. The sympathetic fibers that normally innervate sweat glands, however, are not present. These results indicate that in the absence of their normal target, the sympathetic fibers that innervate sweat glands are lacking. Furthermore, they suggest that, although sensory fibers may sprout into sympathetic targets in the footpad, the domains occupied by sensory fibers are not normally accessible to sympathetic axons. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HCV genotype 2 as a risk factor for reactivation in patients with B‐cell lymphoma undergoing rituximab combination chemotherapy

Arons, E. , Suntum, T. , Stetler-Stevenson, M. & Kreitman, R.J. (2009) VH4-34+ hairy cell leukemia, a new variant with poor prognosis despite standard therapy. Blood, 114, 4687–4695. Callet-Bauchu, E. , Baseggio, L. , Felman, P., Traverse-Glehen, A. , Berger, F. , Morel, D. , Gazzo, S. , Poncet, C. , Thieblemont, C. , Coiffier, B. , Magaud, J.P. & Salles, G. (2005) Cytogenetic analysis delineates a spectrum of chromosomal changes that can distinguish non-MALT marginal zone B-cell lymphomas among mature B-cell entities: a description of 103 cases. Leukemia, 19, 1818– 1823. Hockley, S.L. , Giannouli, S. , Morilla, A. , Wotherspoon, A. , Morgan, G.J., Matutes, E. & Gonzalez, D. (2010) Insight into the molecular pathogenesis of hairy cell leukaemia, hairy cell leukaemia variant and splenic marginal zone lymphoma, provided by the analysis of their IGH rearrangements and somatic hypermutation patterns. British Journal of Haematology, 148, 666–669. Matutes, E. , Wotherspoon, A. & Catovsky, D. (2003) The variant form of hairy-cell leukaemia. Best Practice & Research. Clinical Haematology, 16, 41–56. Matutes, E. , Oscier, D. , Montalban, C. , Berger, F. , Callet-Bauchu, E. , Dogan, A. , Felman, P., Franco, V. , Iannitto, E. , Mollejo, M. , Papadaki, T. , Remstein, E.D. , Salar, A. , Sole, F. , Stamatopoulos, K. , Thieblemont, C. , Traverse-Glehen, A. , Wotherspoon, A. , Coiffier, B. & Piris, M.A. (2008) Splenic marginal zone lymphoma proposals for a revision of diagnostic, staging and therapeutic criteria. Leukemia, 22, 487–495. Swerdlow, S.H. (2008) WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon. Traverse-Glehen, A. , Baseggio, L. , Bauchu, E.C. , Morel, D. , Gazzo, S. , Ffrench, M. , Verney, A. , Rolland, D. , Thieblemont, C. , Magaud, J.P., Salles, G. , Coiffier, B. , Berger, F. & Felman, P. (2008) Splenic red pulp lymphoma with numerous basophilic villous lymphocytes: a distinct clinicopathologic and molecular entity? Blood, 111, 2253–2260.
Modelling biased human trust dynamics

Within human trust related behaviour, according to the literature from the domains of Psychology and Social Sciences often non-rational behaviour can be observed. Current trust models that have been developed typically do not incorporate non-rational elements in the trust formation dynamics. In order to enable agents that interact with humans to have a good estimation of human trust, and take this into account in their behaviour, trust models that incorporate such human aspects are a necessity. A specific non-rational element in humans is that they are often biased in their behaviour. In this paper, models for human trust dynamics are presented incorporating human biases. In order to show that they more accurately describe human behaviour, they have been evaluated against empirical data, which shows that the models perform significantly better.
Effect of culture conditions on the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bio fi lms to disinfecting agents

Effect of culture conditions on the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms to disinfecting agents Marwan Abdallah, Corinne Benoliel, Pauline Ferreira-Theret, Djamel Drider, Pascal Dhulster & Nour-Eddine Chihib a Laboratoire de Procédés Biologiques, Génie Enzymatique et Microbien (ProBioGEM), IUT A/ Polytech’Lille, Université de Lille1-Science et Technologies, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France b Laboratoire SCIENTIS, Romainville, France Published online: 08 Jan 2015.
From adult stem cells to cancer stem cells: Oct-4 Gene, cell-cell communication, and hormones during tumor promotion.

Carcinogenesis is characterized by "initiation," "promotion," and "progression" phases. The "stem cell theory" and "de-differentiation" theories are used to explain the origin of cancer. Growth control for stem cells, which lack functional gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC), involves negative soluble or niche factors, while for progenitor cells, it involves GJIC. Tumor promoters, hormones, and growth factors inhibit GJIC reversibly. Oncogenes stably inhibit GJIC. Cancer cells, which lack growth control and the ability to terminally differentiate and to apoptose, lack GJIC. The Oct3/4 gene, a POU (Pit-Oct-Unc) family of transcription factors was thought to be expressed only in embryonic stem cells and in tumor cells. With the availability of normal adult human stem cells, tests for the expression of Oct3/4 gene and the stem cell theory in human carcinogenesis became possible. Human breast, liver, pancreas, kidney, mesenchyme, and gastric stem cells, HeLa and MCF-7 cells, and canine tumors were tested with antibodies and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers for Oct3/4. Adult human breast stem cells, immortalized nontumorigenic and tumor cell lines, but not the normal differentiated cells, expressed Oct3/4. Adult human differentiated cells lose their Oct-4 expression. Oct3/4 is expressed in a few cells found in the basal layer of human skin epidermis. The data demonstrate that normal adult stem cells and cancer stem cells maintain expression of Oct3/4, consistent with the stem cell hypothesis of carcinogenesis. These Oct-4 positive cells might represent the "cancer stem cells. " A strategy to target "cancer stem cells" is to suppress the Oct-4 gene in order to cause the cells to differentiate.
A Review of Online Partial Discharge Measurement of Large Generators

Online partial discharge (PD) measurements have long been used as an effective means to assess the condition of the stator windings of large generators. An increase in the use of PD online measurement systems during the last decade is evident. Improvements in the detection capabilities are partly the reason for the increased popularity. Another reason has been the development of digital signal processing techniques. In addition, rapid progress is being made in automated single PD source classification. However, there are still some factors hindering wider application of the system, such as the complex PD mechanism and PD pulse propagation in stator windings, the presence of detrimental noise and disturbances on-site, and multiple PD sources occurring simultaneously. To avoid repetition of past work and to provide an overview for fresh researchers in this area, this paper presents a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art knowledge on PD mechanism, PD pulse propagation in stator windings, PD signal detection methods and signal processing techniques. Areas for further research are also presented.
Patterns of sexual, bilateral and interpopulational variation in human femoral neck‐shaft angles

Data on femoral neck‐shaft angles were collected for 30 modern, historic and prehistoric human population samples, and analysed with respect to sexual dimorphism, bilateral asymmetry, geographical patterning and general economic level. Although some samples had modest sexual dimorphism in this angle, and some individuals exhibited clear asymmetry, there were no consistent patterns of sexual or side differences across human populations. Similarly, there was no evidence for geographic differences, since broad regional groups lacked significant differences and mean angles were not correlated with latitude. However, there is a significant increase in mean neck‐shaft angles across populations with an increasingly sedentary existence and with mechanisation. The last reflects the developmental plasticity of this feature with respect to habitual load levels during ontogeny of the hip region.
Prevalence of colonisation with vancomycin‐resistant enterococci (VRE) among haemodialysis outpatients in Victoria: implications for screening

A month later, a kerfuffle erupted in Britain when The Independent ran the story, “The Medical time bomb: too many women doctors”, based on an interview with Professor Carol Black, President of the Royal College of Physicians. She raised concerns about risks to the medical profession’s power and influence because “too many female doctors were scaling its ranks. and action was needed to correct [a future] imbalance of the sexes”. Black also aired problems flowing from the skewed distribution of women in subspecialties and their reduced status and involvement in professional bodies, and stated that women find it impossible “to do all the things we expect a doctor to do to be at the top of the profession”.
Intra- and inter-rater reliability of endonasal activity estimation in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener´s).

OBJECTIVES Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) frequently starts with an affection of the nasal and paranasal mucosa. Localised GPA of the nasal mucosa or persistent disease activity ('grumbling disease') is often encountered even under immunosuppressive therapy. Necessity for reconstructive surgery is common and careful scheduling to prevent failure and minimise revision rates is crucial. Therefore, reliable estimation of GPA activity in the upper airways using a score is mandatory for diagnosis, follow-up and scheduling reconstructive surgery. METHODS Fifty endoscopic, endonasal images of 45 patients with GPA were used. Twelve (4 German, 8 Mexican) experienced (n=7) and inexperienced (n=5) physicians assessed GPA-activity at two times (T1/T2) in dichotomy and in a grading approach (none, mild, moderate and high activity) using the novel ENT Activity Score (ENTAS). All documents were written in English. RESULTS Estimation of activity in dichotomy (none vs. mild/moderate/high): Cohen's Kappa (κ) for intra-rater reliability T1/T2 in inexperienced and experienced physicians was κ=0.58 (agreement 85%) and κ=0.72 (agreement 91%). The inter-rater reliability (Fleiss's κ) T1/T2 for inexperienced and experienced physicians was κ=0.62/κ=0.59 and κ=0.50/κ=0.58 respectively. Estimation of activity in grading approach (none, mild, moderate, high): for inexperienced physicians the intra-rater reliability T1/T2 was κ=0.67 (agreement 56%) and the inter-rater reliability at T1/T2 was κ=0.29 (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC=0.69) and κ=0.27 (ICC=0.59). For experienced physicians the intra-rater reliability T1/T2 was κ=0.80 (agreement 67%) and the inter-rater reliability at T1 and T2 was κ=0.41 (ICC=0.77) and κ=0.39 (ICC=0.75) respectively. CONCLUSIONS Intra-rater reliability is high in decision in dichotomy and even in grading activity. There is no difference for experienced or inexperienced physicians. Inter-rater reliability is high in dichotomy, but low for activity grading. Thus, the ENTAS provides a reliable instrument for assessing, documenting and following GPA-related disease activity in the upper respiratory tract. The relationship of activity and following damage needs to be investigated in further studies.
Population growth and fertility patterns in an Old Order Amish settlement

Background : Since they are a healthy and well-nourished isolate with strong religious proscriptions against birth control, the fertility patterns of the Old Order Amish have long been studied by demographers, particularly those with an interest in natural fertility. Aim : The present report describes population growth, population structure, and fertility patterns in a little-studied Amish settlement located in northeastern Ohio, USA (Geauga Settlement). Subjects and methods : A directory prepared by the Geauga Settlement provides data on the dates of birth of the mother, father, and all children for 1337 families for the period up to 1 January 1993. This information was used to assess population size, population structure, fertility rates, age at marriage, age of mothers at first and last birth, and birth intervals. Estimates of total settlement size were also derived from an older directory covering the period up to 1 January 1988 and a recently published directory which covers the period up to 1 January 1998. Results : The settlement consisted of 7546 individuals in 1988, 8345 individuals in 1993, and 9572 individuals in 1998. The completed marital fertility rate was 7.7 (SD 3.6) births per woman. Total fertility rate decreased by about one birth between 1909 and 1967, in association with a change in fertility patterns, with women born in more recent cohorts tending to have more of their offspring at an earlier age, both of which suggest the existence of behaviours to control fertility. On the other hand, the age at the birth of the last child remained fairly constant over this time period. Conclusions : There is some suggestion of fertility control by Amish families. However, this control appears to be independent of parity, suggesting that there is no intention to limit family size. It is therefore reasonable to conclude that the Amish in the Geauga Settlement are a natural fertility population.
Optical coherence tomographic features in a case of bilateral macular coloboma with strabismus.

PURPOSE To report the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in a patient with bilateral macular coloboma with strabismus. METHODS A 21-year-old male presented with macular coloboma in both eyes.Fundus photography, fundus fluorescence angiography (FFA) and OCT were performed. RESULTS Color fundus photography showed a sharply-demarcated, round macular defect, approximately 4×4 disc diameters with bare sclera at the base and pigment clumping in both eyes. FFA showed hypofluorescence at the macula corresponding to the size of the lesion bilaterally. OCT revealed a crater-like depression at the macula, demonstrating atrophic neurosensory retina, and an absence of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid in the lesion. CONCLUSION OCT can be a beneficial tool to confirm the diagnosis of macular coloboma.
FINE STRUCTURE OF THE CEREBELLUM OF “STAGGERER‐REELER,” A DOUBLE MUTANT OF MICE AFFECTED BY STAGGERER AND REELER CONDITIONS: I. THE PREMATURE DISAPPEARANCE OF THE EXTERNAL GRANULAR LAYER AND ENSUING CEREBELLAR DISORGANIZATION

It was reasoned that cerebella of mice carrying both staggerer and reeler conditions, called double mutant, might accentuate some of the anomalies observed in single mutants, thus revealing further details otherwise undetectable. As expected, the cerebellar hypoplasia, the paucity of fissures, granule cells and interneurons of the molecular layer, and the external granular layer hypoplasia, common in both staggerer and reeler, were much more pronounced in double mutant. However, the most striking feature of the double mutant cerebellum was the premature disappearance of the external granular layer. The external granular layer is smaller both in staggerer and reeler as compared to the normal but it persists beyoned the normal time (around day 15). In double mutant, however, the external granular layer disappeared by day 7 or 8, reducing the density of granule cells even further. This observation was interpreted as indicating that both the staggerer and reeler genes effect the premature disappearance of the external granular layer. Most of the gross cerebellar anomalies in double mutant such as cerebellar hypoplasia, paucity of fissures and Purkinje and Golgi epithelial cell disalignment could be explained as the result of this premature disappearance of the external granular layer. On the other hand, anomalies of Purkinje cells and Bergmann fibers, which are also present both in staggerer and reeler, did not follow the same additive change.
Paediatric Neurosurgery: A Review of the Last Thirty Years

In the same manner that Harvey Cushing was given the task of establishing a specialty of neurosurgery by Halsted, so Cushing gave Franc Ingraham the assignment of the foundation of paediatric neurosurgery. Ingraham created the neurosurgical service of the Children's Hospital Medical Center, Boston, and was later joined by a number of disciples, the best known of whom was Donald Matson. He inherited the service when it led the field and he shared the creation of most of the innovations that came from this most productive source. In 1952 the author spent a year working with Ingraham and Matson while holding a Harvard Research Fellowship. At this time they were auditing their results in a textbook that became a classic (Ingraham & Matson 1954). Matson produced a further review in a later edition (Matson 1969). The questions to be asked today are what has been achieved in this field since 1952, and what prospects are there for the future? The best way to decide this is by taking a number of samples for analysis.
Detection of temperatures conducive to Arctic polar stratospheric clouds using CHAMP and SAC-C radio occultation data

[1] We use global positioning system radio occultation (GPSRO) data from the Challenging Mini-Satellite Payload for Geophysical Research and Application (CHAMP) and Satelite de Applicaciones Cientificas-C (SAC-C) low Earth orbiting satellites to investigate the occurrence of air with temperatures cold enough to allow the formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) during four successive Arctic winters spanning 2001 to 2005. The GPSRO data are validated and compared with analysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts using a series of criteria designed to eliminate faulty soundings but retain profiles which do not differ too strongly from the model data. We find that GPSRO is able to detect more PSC-prone temperature profiles during winters with disturbed conditions (in particular during December 2001 and 2003) than the analysis, but that the model fully captures the extent of PSC-prone air in winters with strong, cold vortices (in particular December 2002 and January 2005). Examination of detailed profiles for December 2001 shows that this difference is due to the ability of GPSRO to detect short-vertical wavelength features which may represent either localized gravity or global-scale planetary waves. Since the GPSRO data are now being directly assimilated into operational analysis systems, the benefits of the higher vertical resolution retrievals it provides should become evident in future observational studies of PSC formation and ozone loss, particularly under the disturbed conditions noted in several recent winters.
Manifestation of the lines of Blaschko in women heterozygous for X‐linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

For the detection of the carrier state of X‐linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, sweat pore counts on fingertips or palms have been used in the past. The results obtained, however, were sometimes difficult to interpret. We here describe a more reliable method, using the entire back as a test area. We provide evidence that the distribution of sweat pores in carriers is not simply patchy. In four heterozygous women we were able to demonstrate a linear distribution of hypohidrotic areas. This pattern followed the lines of Blaschko, forming a typical V‐shape over the spine. Apparently, these lines reflect the dorsoventral outgrowth of two functionally different populations of cells during early embryogenesis.
Relationship of international normalized ratio to bleeding and thromboembolism rates in Taiwanese patients receiving vitamin K antagonist after mechanical valve replacement.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Asians may be less vulnerable to thrombotic disease than Caucasians. Optimum international normalized ratio (INR) anticoagulant therapy guidelines for Asian populations remain to be established. This study investigated the risk factors for major bleeding or thromboembolism (TE) in Taiwanese patients receiving mechanical aortic and/or mitral valve replacement, including INR < or > 2.0. METHODS The records of 563 Taiwanese patients receiving mechanical aortic and/or mitral valve replacement between 1996 and 2001 were retrospectively studied. Patient follow-up data was divided into several 6-month periods: 6-month increments after surgery if no bleeding or TE occurred and the 6 months preceding the adverse event when an event occurred. Data including warfarin sodium dosage and estimated INR unit for each time period were collected and analyzed. RESULTS A total of 3,391 records were retrieved for analysis with an average follow-up period of 3.3 +/- 1.4 years. The mean warfarin sodium dose was 2.86 +/- 1.09 mg/day and the INR was 1.86 +/- 0.66. Major bleeding events occurred in 20 patients (1.07% per patient-year) and TE events in 38 patients (2.04% per patient-year), accounting for a 3.11% rate of overall events (bleeding or TE) per patient-year. Multivariate risk analysis revealed follow-up age > 60 years and receiving mitral valve replacement were risk factors for overall events (odds ratio = 1.84, p = 0.021 for follow-up age > 60 years; odds ratio = 1.36, p = 0.019 for receiving mitral valve replacement), while gender, double valve replacement, valve type, INR < 2.0, and atrial fibrillation were not. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that low-intensity anticoagulant therapy (INR < 2.0) in Taiwanese patients was not associated with increased TE and bleeding rates compared to higher intensity anticoagulant therapy. Follow-up age over 60 years and valve replacement at the mitral site were associated with increased rate of overall events.