Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep ALMA photometry of distant X-ray AGN: improvements in star formation rate constraints, and AGN identification

We present the star formation rates (SFRs) of a sample of 109 galaxies with X-ray selected active galactic nuclei (AGN) with moderate to high X-ray luminosities (L(2-8keV) = 10^42 - 10^45 erg/s), at redshifts 1 Herschel bands. We combine our deep ALMA continuum observations with deblended 8-500um photometry from Spitzer and Herschel , and use infrared (IR) SED fitting and AGN - star formation decomposition methods. The addition of the ALMA photometry results in an order of magnitude more X-ray AGN in our sample with a measured SFR (now 37%). The remaining 63% of the sources have SFR upper limits that are typically a factor of ~2-10 times lower than the pre-ALMA constraints. With the improved constraints on the IR SEDs, we can now identify a mid-IR (MIR) AGN component in 50% of our sample, compared to only ~1% previously. We further explore the F(870um)/F(24um)--redshift plane as a tool for the identification of MIR emitting AGN, for three different samples representing AGN dominated, star formation dominated, and composite sources. We demonstrate that the F(870um)/F(24um)--redshift plane can successfully split between AGN and star formation dominated sources, and can be used as an AGN identification method.
Laser-induced Fluorescence Monitoring of Vegetation in Tuscany

Field experiments using laser-induced fluorescence were performed on different vegetation species in Tuscany, Italy. Remote sensing fluorescence lidar experiments were performed at Pian di Novello studying mainly Fagus Silvatica, but also some other species occurring in the beech forest. One of the fluorescence lidar operated on the third harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser (355 nm) while the other one was based on a excimer-pumped dye laser operating et 480 nm. Both systems utilized optical multichannel detection. The lidar measurements were supplemented by 1luorescence point monitoring using a fluorosensor based on a nitrogen laser and an optical multichannel analyzer, and using a portable Be-Ne-based two channel instrument. High-quality remote spectra could be obtained from both lidar systems in distances ranging from 401 OOm. In addition, point monitoring on Picea Abies was carried out at the CNR Camporgiano research station on experimental plants subject to controlled stress conditions. A discussion of the optimum choice of excitation wavelength is performed. and mapping of threatened areas. Satellites or airborne multi-spectral imagery provides excellent possibilities of area mapping with regard to major species. certain possi bilities of forest damage assessment have also been demonstrated, but the techniques seem to have limited applicability. Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) provides a further spectral dimension for vegetation assessment (Lichtenthaler and Rinderle 1988) and research efforts have been directed to using LIF for improved vegetation characterisation (See e.g. , Cecchi and Pantani 1991, Hoge 1988, Moya et al . 1991, Pantani and Cecchi 1990, Svanberg 1990, Zimmermann and Gunther 1991). The concept of pont and remote sensing monitoring of vegetation LIF is illustred in Fig. l. Examples of remotely recorded fluorescence spectra of different species are shown in Fig. 2. In the present paper we report on the result of field test employing point-monitoring and lidar LIF on vegetation in Tuscany (Italy). The field experiments were performed at the end of September 1990. An important aspect of the work is lidar remote measurements on beech (Fagus Silvatica) in Pian eli Novello using two mobile systems. A photograph of the two measurement INTRODUCTION systems at the test area is shown in Fig. 3. In addition to the measurements on beech, point monitoring of Picea During recent years it has become obvious that forests are Abies at the CNR test site at Campogiano was carried endangered because of the influence of atmospheric polout. lution. There is a great need for methods of early detection 120 EARScL ADVANCES lN REMOTE SENS ING, Vol.l , No.2II , 1992
Spatial and temporal distribution of Trichodesmium spp. in the stratified Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea

Phytoplankton (>100 µm) abundance was studied in the open waters of the Gulf of Aqaba during the summer stratification period of 1996. A succession took place among the major phytoplankton groups, with diatom numbers decreasing throughout the summer. The diazotrophic cyanobacteria Trichodesmium spp. became more prominent as the stratification period progressed; 5 Trichodesmium species were identified: T. thiebautii, T. erythraeum with tuft-shaped colonies and Trichodesmium sp. with puff-shaped colonies were common at ~10 2 colonies m -3 throughout the stratification period, whereas T. tenue and T. hildebrandtii were more rare. A bloom of T. thiebautii and T. erythraeum with >10 6 tuft colonies m -3 was observed in coastal waters of the Gulf during fall 1997. Tuft-shaped colonies were dominant near the surface, while puff-shaped colonies of Tricho- desmium sp. were mainly found in the bottom half of the photic zone. These depth distributions were maintained for more than 2 mo, suggesting that the 2 colony types occupied distinct niches. Puff- shaped colonies were found to have higher chlorophyll a contents than tufts, but their photosynthetic activities were not significantly different. Fatty acid analysis of dominant plankton species yielded new trophic relationships for Trichodesmium spp. The Trichodesmium spp. -specific fatty acid C22:2ω 6 was found in Macrosetella gracilis (the sole copepod to graze on Trichodesmium spp.) and in chaetog- naths, suggesting that these carnivorous zooplankton fed on M. gracilis. Furthermore, this fatty acid was observed in the filter-feeding Salpa maxima, which was abundantly present in the Gulf of Aqaba during June 1997.
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Groups A, B1, B2 and D Isolated from Frozen Foods and Children with Diarrhea

Background: Escherichia coli is usually a commensal of the digestive system, particularly intestine of humans and animals. However, there are many reports indicating that some strains are known to cause serious problems causing various infections among children worldwide, particularly in the developing countries. Escherichia coli strains can be classified into four phylogenetic groups: A, B1, B2 and D. The commensal strains are usually placed into the phylogenetic groups; A and B1 and the extraintestinal pathogenic strains into a group B2 and, to a lesser extent, group D. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern of Escherichia coli groups A, B1, B2 and D from frozen foods and children with diarrhea. Materials and methods: From 125 frozen foods of animal origin and 466 rectal swabs from children with diarrhea, E. coli were isolated and identified based on standard procedures. Susceptibility testing to antibiotic was carried out according to the CLSI criteria. The phylogenetic group of each strain was determined by using multiplex PCR. Results: In the current study, 47 and 99 E. coli strains were isolated and allocated into four phylogenetic groups (i.e. A, B1, B2 and D). Among the strains isolated from the frozen foods of animal origin, 6.3% were allocated into phylogenetic group B2, and 23.4%% into D. Similarly, among the strains isolated from children with diarrhea 9% were allocated into group B2 and 19% to group D. The data showed that 55.3% and 53.1% of the frozen food-derived E. coli strains were resistant to Tetracycline and Amoxycillin respectively. Similarly, 89.9, 88.9 and 79.8% of isolates were resistant to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and ampicillin, respectively. By a multiplex PCR procedure different phylogenetic E. coli were detected. Conclusion: Detection of E. coli isolates is very important and shows that food of animal origin can be of a reservoir for resistant bacteria that potentially could be transferred to humans through the food chain. In addition, results of the current study also revealed the detection of resistant E.coli isolates from children with diarrhea.
Endogenous Transport Costs and International Trade

In this paper we claim that distance alone is a poor proxy for international transport costs in empirical studies. We model a manufacturing and a transport sector and let the level of manufacturing exports determine the demand for transport services. Above a particular trade level, transport service suppliers find it profit-maximizing to invest in an advanced transport technology, which lowers their marginal costs and as a consequence, equilibrium transport prices. Transport costs thus vary with two characteristics: with the distance between two locations and with the endogenous decision to invest in a more efficient technology which is driven, in turn, by the bilateral export level. A simulation exercise reveals that ignoring the effect of the investment decision on transport costs biases empirical results. The empirical estimations rely on newly collected transport price data from United Parcel Service (UPS). We apply an instrumental variable (IV) estimator to account for the endogeneity of the investment decision. Our results confirm that transport prices are influenced by both the distance and the level of exports between two countries. We find that trade partners with 10% more exports enjoy 0.8% lower transport prices.
Robotic Assisted Radical Cystectomy, Current Status and Future Directions

Copyright: © 2015 Ahmad S. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Advancement in technological front paves the pathway for development of new surgical techniques. These new techniques continuously challenge the established “gold standards”. Robotic assisted minimal invasive surgery is one of these advancements of present era. New medical gadgets are fascinating but a careful evidence based approach is needed before adopting these innovations in clinical practice.
The Addiction Profiles of Substance Users with Comorbid Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder: The Comparison with Substance Users without Comorbid Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the addiction profiles of substance users with comorbid attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and of those without attention-deficit hyper-activity disorder (ADHD) comorbidity. Method: 100 patients with substance use disorder (SUD) who continued to undergo inpatient treatment during September 2014-August 2015 in Private Balikli Rum Hospital were included in the study. Based on DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, 50 patients who have SUD with ADHD comorbidity were considered as study group, the other 50 patients with only SUD were evaluated as control group. Sociodemographic Data Form, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Addiction Profile Index (BAPI), and Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS ADHD) were given to the patients who participated to the study. Results: It was found that the age of onset for substance use was younger in a statistically significant manner in the patients who had SUD with comorbid ADHD (ADHD-SUD group) than the control group (SUD group) (t = 3.57, p = 0.001). Regarding to scores in the scales of these two groups, scores of aggression questionnaire (BPAQ) and craving subscale (BAPI) in ADHD-SUD group were significantly higher comparing to SUD group. Conclusion: In this study, it was revealed that the age of onset for substance use was younger in substance users with comorbid ADHD and that the level of aggression and craving was higher again in this group. Craving and level of aggression might have negative impacts on the treatment process. Therefore, we believe that it is essential to consider ADHD comorbidity in patients with substance use disorders.
Determinants of energy poverty in South Africa 1

This paper provides empirical evidence on the determinants of energy poverty in South African households using the National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS, 2012), while controlling for individual, household and demographic characteristics. This is formulated within a logistic regression framework, while defining energy poverty using the expenditure approach consistent with the definition by the Department of Energy (DoE) of South Africa. The model reveals that household expenditure patterns, race, education level, household and dwelling size, location of the household and access to electricity are important factors in explaining the state of energy in South African households. This paper also discusses limitations in defining energy poverty using the expenditure approach. Finally, some recommendations are made for regulators and policy makers.
Understanding Chinese Tourists' Travel Motivations: Investigating the Perceptions of Jordan Held by Chinese Tourists

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the perceptions of Jordan held by Chinese Tourists. The research will investigate the inbound Chinese market to Jordan and will focus on identifying factors that influence the decision of Chinese tourists to travel to Jordan, their needs, motivations and expectations in order to establish the potential of this market. Subsequently through empirical research, based on standard survey techniques to investigate and to explore patterns with the overall objective of establishing broad indicators as to whether this particular market holds potential for promotion and development in Jordan. The findings of this research lead to the proposal that Chinese tourists are a potentially valuable market in which Jordan should be seeking to develop.
STAR FORMATION IN DISK GALAXIES. III. DOES STELLAR FEEDBACK RESULT IN CLOUD DEATH?

Stellar feedback, star formation, and gravitational interactions are major controlling forces in the evolution of giant molecular clouds (GMCs). To explore their relative roles, we examine the properties and evolution of GMCs forming in an isolated galactic disk simulation that includes both localized thermal feedback and photoelectric heating. The results are compared with the three previous simulations in this series, which consists of a model with no star formation, star formation but no form of feedback, and star formation with photoelectric heating in a set with steadily increasing physical effects. We find that the addition of localized thermal feedback greatly suppresses star formation but does not destroy the surrounding GMC, giving cloud properties closely resembling the run in which no stellar physics is included. The outflows from the feedback reduce the mass of the cloud but do not destroy it, allowing the cloud to survive its stellar children. This suggests that weak thermal feedback such as the lower bound expected for a supernova may play a relatively minor role in the galactic structure of quiescent Milky-Way-type galaxies, compared to gravitational interactions and disk shear.
Large-Scale Estimation of Transport from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean

The objective of this model-data intercomparison is to determine the feasibility of deriving an useful index for fluctuations in the Pacific to Indian Ocean throughflow volume transport. Due to insufficient direct observations and the present limitations in numerical models, accurate estimation of variations in the throughflow transport on seasonal to interannual timescales is not yet possible; however, an index based on weighted, monthly mean sea level anomalies in different regions of the western Pacific and eastern Indian Oceans is presented. Numerical model results and sea level from the TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter show that the large/scale pressure gradient forcing of the throughflow is controlled by the Pacific Ocean side on interannual timescales, and by a combination of Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean processes on seasonal to annual timescales. The model throughflow is maximum in boreal summer (11 Sv) and minimum in boreal winter (4 Sv) with a 9-year mean of 7.4 Sv. These values are within the range of various estimations of throughflow transport, and they agree in phase. Of the 7.4 Sv model transport, almost 1.8 Sv is due to direct, local wind forcing (based on Ekman calculations). Interannual fluctuations from El Nino-Southern Oscillation activity are associated with increases in throughflow transport during cold events and decreases in transport during warm events. Using empirical orthogonal function analysis and results from previous studies, an index of the throughflow variability is developed using model sea level and model transport. Sea level in four regions is found to be sufficient to index the model throughflow variations: south of Java, northwest of Australia, in the Pacific warm pool and off the coast of the Philippines. A regression technique applied to the model sea level at these locations yields an index which correlates with the model throughflow at 0.83. The same weights applied to sea level in similar regions from the TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter correlate with the model throughflow transport at a level of 0.78.
XMM-Newton observation of the classical T Tauri star SU Aurigae and the surrounding field

Aims. We investigate the properties of the X-ray emitting plasma of the classical T Tauri star SU Aurigae and of other sources in the field of view. Methods. We use XMM-Newton to obtain a high-resolution RGS spectrum of SU Aur as well as EPIC imaging data and lowresolution spectra of the star and of other X-ray sources in the surrounding field. We reconstruct the emission measure distribution of SU Aur from the RGS spectrum using a line-based method, and we perform multi-temperature fits of the MOS spectra of the strongest sources both for the full observation and for selected time intervals to study their spectral variability. Results. The emission from SU Aur is highly variable, showing three flares during the observation. The MOS spectra indicate a very hot corona, with significant emissivity up to ∼40 MK in quiescence, and temperatures up to 140 MK during flares. The emission measure distribution derived from the RGS spectrum peaks at logT = 7.0; any contribution to the X-ray luminosity from cool plasma (T ∼ 2 MK) cannot exceed 5% of the total emission. Abundances are ∼0.3−0.6 solar with the exception of Mg and Ne that are solar. Spatial analysis of the full EPIC field results in the detection of 104 X-ray sources, 6 of which are associated with the known Taurus-Auriga members in the field of view (including SU Aur). Conclusions. The characteristics of the X-ray emission of SU Aur are very similar to those of young active late-type stars, with a very hot corona and flares, suggesting magnetic activity as the origin of most of the X-ray emission, rather than accretion.
Numerical study of solitary wave interaction with porous breakwaters

Solitary wave interaction with porous breakwaters is studied by using a two-dimensional numerical model. In this model, flows outside of porous media are described by Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. For porous flows, the spatially averaged Navier-Stokes equations, in which the effect of porous media is considered by including additional inertia and drag forces, are derived and implemented. The drag force is modeled according to Morison’s equation assuming uniform spherical particles within porous media. The corresponding drag force coefficient is expressed as the function of Reynolds number and hence the proposed porous flow model is valid in a wide range of porous flow regimes, i.e., laminar (linear friction), transitional, and turbulent (nonlinear friction) flows. The numerical model is validated against available theories and experimental data for both long wave and solitary wave interaction with porous breakwaters. The model is then employed to study solitary wave interaction with fully eme.
Student-centred learning (SCL) in the Malaysian Higher Education Institutions

Improving the quality of teaching and learning is the second thrust out of the seven strategic thrusts of the National Higher Education Strategic Plan. This second thrust, as outlined by the Ministry of Higher Education, generally aims to produce confident students with a sense of balance and proportion. To realise this national aspiration, holistic programmes that cut across all disciplines and focus on communication and entrepreneurial skills need to be designed. In addition, dynamic and relevant curriculum and pedagogy must be reviewed and enhanced, along with benchmarking both components with leading international institutions. At both school and university levels world-wide, and currently in Malaysia, there has been a call for a move from teacher-centred to student-centred learning. Why? The answer is simply the need to provide students with learning opportunities that promote namely creative and critical thinking, active student engagement, value judgement, and transferable skills i.e. in preparation for the workplace. To date, to the best of authors’ knowledge, no studies have been done to assess the extent of use of SCL in the Malaysian Higher Education Institutions. This study hopes to fill the gap in SCL-related research and suggest a framework to improve the quality of teaching and learning. As such and in line with the Malaysian National Higher Education Action Plan, this study intends to investigate the status of student-centred learning (SCL) in the Malaysian Higher Education Institution (HEI) classrooms. In particular, it looks at the extent of which university instructors practice SCL and its variations in their classrooms. A total of 283 lecturers from both the Malaysian public and private HEIs were sampled randomly. Results of the findings show that a majority of the respondents use Computer assisted learning/ E-learning compared to other SCL approaches such as PBL, collaborative learning, case based learning, and inquiry based learning. Among the seven dimensions of SCL, the study revealed that the highest mean score was for the HOTS dimension with a mean score of 3.03 and the lowest was for the AST dimension with a mean score of 2.56 which falls in the average category. The study also provides suggestions and recommendations in using SCL for Teaching-Learning (T-L). One of the major recommendations is that instructors should take into account the seven dimensions: Learners’ Engagement (LEG); Learners‘ Empowerment (LEP); Collaboration (COL); Teachers’ Role (TRO); Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS); Methods/Approaches (APR); and finally, Assessment (AST) when designing the SCL curriculum. They are the main framework as formulated in this study and will enhance the T-L process.