Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Majority rules: how good are we at aggregating convergent opinions?

Abstract Abstract Mathematical models and simulations demonstrate the power of majority rules, i.e. following an opinion shared by a majority of group members. Majority opinion should be followed more when (a) the relative and absolute size of the majority grow, the members of the majority are (b) competent, and (c) benevolent, (d) the majority opinion conflicts less with our prior beliefs and (e) the members of the majority formed their opinions independently. We review the experimental literature bearing on these points. The few experiments bearing on (b) and (c) suggest that both factors are adequately taken into account. Many experiments show that (d) is also followed, with participants usually putting too much weight on their own opinion relative to that of the majority. Regarding factors (a) and (e), in contrast, the evidence is mixed: participants sometimes take into account optimally the absolute and relative size of the majority, as well as the presence of informational dependencies. In other circumstances, these factors are ignored. We suggest that an evolutionary framework can help make sense of these conflicting results by distinguishing between evolutionarily valid cues – that are readily taken into account – and non-evolutionarily valid cues – that are ignored by default.
Postoperative Outcomes of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-Guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT) in the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Meta-Analysis

Background Drug-resistant epilepsy is a common neurological disease in adults and children. This study aimed to undertake a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis of the data from published studies to assess the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) in treatment-resistant epilepsy. Material/Methods The study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched for indexed publications in the English language up to May 2018. Data on the prevalence, outcome using the Engel Epilepsy Surgery Outcome Scale (Class I to IV), and postoperative complications were analyzed with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Results Sixteen published studies that included a total of 269 patients with treatment resistant epilepsy were identified. The prevalence of Engel Class I, II, III and IV were 61% (95% CI, 0.54–0.68; I2=14.5%; P=0.302), 12% (95% CI, 0.07–0.16; I2=86.8%; P=0.000), 16% (95% CI, 0.10–0.22; I2=3.0%; P=0.397), and 15% (95% CI, 0.08–0.22; I2=13.2%; P=0.330), respectively. The prevalence of postoperative complications was 24% (95% CI, 0.16–0.32; I2=0%; P=0.629). Conclusions Meta-analysis of data from 16 studies that included 269 patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy showed that MRI-guided LITT significantly reduced the frequency of seizures and reduced postoperative complications, supporting the safety and effectiveness of MRI-guided LITT in the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy.
Excavation at Khao Sai On-Noen Din 2008: Preliminary Report

Rapport preliminaire sur les fouilles menees par le projet archeologique Italo-thai sur la region de Lopburi (LoRAP)a Noen Din, dans le district de Khao Sai On (Thailande). Les prospections ayant revele les traces d’activites metallurgiques, plusieurs fouilles ont ete menees revelant des dispositifs metallurgiques (fourneaux, cheminees, moules bivalves en terre, vestiges metallurgiques de cuivre), des vestiges ceramiques ainsi que des sepultures. L’etude du materiel a permis de certifier l’existence d’une seule phase d’occupation du site, aux alentours de l’ere chretienne, avec une forte activite metallurgique dont la technologie nous est en partie revelee.
The psychological characteristics of people consuming vegetarian, vegan, paleo, gluten free and weight loss dietary patterns

Previous research has identified several psychological factors associated with dietary restriction but has focused almost exclusively on the subcategory of people following a weight loss diet. Little is known about the psychological factors associated with other kinds of restrictive dietary patterns. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether the identified psychological characteristics of dieters (e.g. elevated disordered eating behaviours, poor well‐being) are a cause of dieting, follow from calorie restriction or are the result of cognitive restraint.
The Effect of Methylcholanthrene upon Epidermal Sodium and Calcium

New Buffalo mice of both sexes 3 to 4 months old were used, as there was no apparent sex difference. The methods of shaving, of applying the carcinogen, and of separating the epidermis from the dermis have already been described (3, 1). As in the previous work with iron and ascorbic acid, nucleoprotein phosphorus was used as a basis of reference. The total sodium content of the epidermis was determined by an ultramicromethod dcvised in this laboratory (2). For calcium the method (on a micro scale) of Lindner and Kirk (4) was employed. Fresh samples of isolated epidermis were weighed to the nearest 0.I mgm. and divided into two portions. The larger portion was dry ashed in a silica crucible at 450 ~ C. in a muffle furnace until all the organic matter had been destroyed. The total ash was used either for a single sodium or calcium determination, because only 1 to 2 mgm. of ash were obtained from the epidermis of 10 to 12 control or benzene-treated mice. The smaller portion of the sample was treated (3) for the determination of nucleoprotein phosphorus (N.P.P.). Expression of the results on a weight basis was not accurate because of hydration changes that accompanied separation of the epidermis from the dermis at 50 ~ C. However, this disadvantage can be obviated by expressing the results by the ratios sodium/nucleoprotein phosphorus (Na/N.P.P. ) and calcium/nucleoprotein phosphorus (Ca/N.P.P.) , since the samples were accurately weighed when divided.
Towards a more mechanistic understanding of corrugated container creep deformation behaviour

Nous presentons ici les resultats d'experiences effectuees sur le comportement au fluage de cartonnages ondules dans un milieu d'un taux d'humidite cyclique. Les trois caisses en carton ondule utilisees lors de nos experiences contenaient le meme papier a canneler mais des cartons doublures differents. Nous avons etudie le comportement a la deformation de ces cartonnages ondules pour en arriver a une comprehension plus mecanistique de la facon dont ils se deforment avec le temps alors qu'ils supportent une charge constante de haut en bas. Nous avons employe cette nouvelle comprehension pour deduire une relation simple de nature physique entre la duree de vie du cartonnage et le taux de deformation par fluage. Enfin, cette relation nous a servi a decrire d'autres donnees de fluage des cartonnages ondules recueillies dans la documentation technique existante.
Technostress and the hierarchical levels of personality: a two-wave study with multiple data samples

ABSTRACT Even though IS use has numerous benefits for users and organisations, such as improved user performance and greater productivity, an increasing number of users experience technostress. Since technostress can result in decreased user well-being, it is important to understand what leads users to perceive it. Recent technostress research points to the relationship between personality traits and the perception of technostress as a research gap. Given that personality traits are structured hierarchically, we study how and which levels of user personality influence the perception of technostress. In developing our research model, we select personality traits from the three hierarchical levels of personality: neuroticism, personal innovativeness in IT (PIIT), and IT mindfulness. The results of 2 two-wave studies analysing data collected in an organisational setting (sample 1) and through mTurk (sample 2) reveal that all three personality traits influence the perception of technostress, with IT mindfulness having the strongest impact. This study contributes by revealing that user personality and, primarily, IT mindfulness influence the perception of technostress. Additionally, our findings reveal an inverted u-curved influence of techno-stressors on user performance, deepening our understanding of how the perception of technostress influences user reactions.
Effect of Oral Corrective Feedback on Language Skills

Corrective feedback is an important element in the language learning process. The issue of corrective feedback in language classrooms has been investigated by numerous scholars who believe that the strategy can effectively be used to improve the language skills of students. Though many forms of feedback approaches are used in learning, oral corrective feedback is the commonly used strategy in teaching languages. This is mainly because it captures the diverse elements of language lessons such as pronunciations and spelling. Oral corrective feedback presents a broad field which assists both teachers and students in error identification and eradication. It mainly focuses on highlighting the common errors and mistakes and addressing them enabling the students to avoid them in the future. This paper mainly explores the impact of oral corrective feedback on the language skills of learners. It generally analyses articles that address the issue of oral corrective feedback and derives information regarding the impact of the strategy in language learning outcomes.
Clinical Application of Blood Gases

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Eating Disorders, Exercise Dependence and Body Image Dissatisfaction in Female Age Group Ironman Triathletes

Eating Disorders, Exercise Dependence and Body Image Dissatisfaction in Female Age Group Ironman Triathletes The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of eating disorders, body image dissatisfaction and exercise dependency in female age group Ironman triathletes. A cross sectional examination was performed to determine whether the difference between preferred or aversive body type (somatotype), was associated with more prevalent eating disorder, body image dissatisfaction, and exercise addiction. Relationships between preferred/aversive somatotype and eating disorders, body image dissatisfaction and exercise dependency were explored. Data was collected from female age-group triathletes at the 2012 Ironman Arizona Triathlon. Body image dissatisfaction, eating disorders and exercise dependency were assessed via electronic capture questionnaires.
Noise-Aided Belief Propagation List Decoding of Polar Codes

Noise can help weak information bearing signal to be detected in nonlinear systems by the use of stochastic perturbation. In this letter, we propose a novel belief propagation list (BPL) decoder that relies on artificial noise. The proposed decoder is constructed by using parallel independent BP decoders. Noise with different powers are added to different BP decoders that runs in parallel, and the output of the decoder that pass the early detection and termination criteria check is considered as the recovered data. Adding small amount of noise enables the decoder to handle un-converged errors. The obtained results show that the performance of noise-aided BPL decoder is much better than the performances of BP, successive cancelation (SC), and successive cancelation list (SCL) decoders, and it is a bit behind of cyclic redundancy check aided SCL in terms of bit-error rate performance.
β2-glycoprotein I-dependent Anticardiolipin Antibodies Preferentially Bind the Amino Terminal Domain of β2-glycoprotein I

Summary Many of the autoantibodies in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are directed against β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI). Recent studies from our laboratories have indicated that the immunodominant binding epitope(s) for high titer, affinity purified antibodies from 11 APS patients are localized to the amino terminal domain (domain 1) of β2-GPI. The present study employed surface plasmon resonance to localize the immunodominant domain in serum samples from a large cohort of patients with GPL values ranging from 21 to 230 units (n = 106 patients). Eighty-eight percent of patients showed ≥ threefold selectivity for β2-GPI containing domain 1 relative to the domain deletion mutant that lacked domain 1. The domain 1 binding activity in patient serum was abolished by removing the IgG fraction from the serum and the binding activity could be fully reconstituted with the IgG fraction. Thus, analysis of serum samples from a large cohort of APS patients indicates that the immunodominant binding epitope(s) for anti- 2 antibodies are localized to the amino terminal domain of β2-GPI.
Advancements in MIMO antenna systems

Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology is currently used in fourthgeneration (4G) wireless systems because they can provide higher data rates at fixed power and bandwidth levels when compared to their single-input-singleoutput conventional counterparts. MIMO-enabled systems require the integration of multiple antenna elements operating at the same band to provide higher data throughput. The design of such antenna solutions is a challenging task especially for small form factor devices where the space is limited and the antennas are placed close to one another. Such close placement of antennas with respect to one another will increase the port coupling between adjacent antennas as well as radiated field coupling, thus degrading the efficiency as well as increasing field correlation. This will affect the overall improvement in the data rates (channel capacity) expected. In this chapter, we will go over the latest advancements in MIMO antenna system designs for 4G and the anticipated 5G wireless standard and will highlight various challenges that can be encountered and provide the solutions to overcome them.
Factors influencing the information security behaviour of IT employees

ABSTRACT Although non-IT employees have received considerable attention in security research, IT employees have received scant attention, even though they might be very different to non-IT employees. To address this gap, we developed a model based on protection motivation theory, deterrence theory and the theory of reasoned action. We conducted a quantitative survey of IT employees to determine which factors influenced their information security behavioural intentions. Although sometimes contrary to findings regarding non-IT employees, the influential factors were: self-efficacy; and perceived impact of a potential event; with cues to action exerting a significant influence on that perceived impact. These results have significant academic and practical implications.
An information systems model for supporting fake newsdisclosure

This research searches in what ways Information Systems can help in the battle against fake news. To answer this, a model will be designed and proposed for a system that could serve as a tool that helps reduce the impact of fake news. This tool is based on theories on fake news. It is found that such a system should not exclusively tell what is fake and what not, it is more important to support people in their decision process. This tool should support analytical thinking, something that many people involved in the spreading of false news lack, or don’t mind. The model starts when the user inputs a set of Tweets about a certain news item. The system analyses these Tweets and computes the probability of the news item to be true. The calculation of the probability is done by analysing the way the Tweets are diffused, and other statistical figures that set false news apart from true. The model is designed in such a way that the next step would be programming it into a functional piece of software, and testing the most accurate variables.
Visual bandwidth selection for kernel density maps

specific clusters are located on the map and visualize alternatives to visually cluster spatial data. From a theoretical perspective, this relates to the concept of Geovisualization, which provides theory, additionally methods and tools for the visual exploration, analysis, synthesis and presentation of data that contain geographic information (MacEachrEn & KraaK 2001). From a broader perspective it includes the concept of exploratory spatial data analysis to detect spatial
APLIKASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR PADA TANAMAN KENTANG VARIETAS GRANOLA DI DATARAN MEDIUM

Kentang merupakan tanaman semusim dengan berbentuk menyemak dan memiliki sifat menjalar. Salah satu alternative upaya untuk meningkatkan hasil produktivitas kentang yaitu adalah penanaman kentang pada dataran medium. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan jenis jenis dan takaran pupuk organik cair yang optimum dalam meningkatkan produksi kentang di dataran medium sehingga dari efektivitas itulah diharapkan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas kentang mampu optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 3 ulangan dengan 11 perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk organik cair BIO-As dengan dosis 25 ml.l -1 mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah batang, dan bobot total tanaman kentang. Perlakuan P11 memiliki hasil yang paling baik dibandingkan perlakuan P0 hingga P10.
Comparison of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine and levobupivacaine for Cesarean section

Background Levobupivacaine is a relatively new amide local anesthetic, and it has been already investigated in epidural and locoregional techniques, but more has to be known regarding its characteristics in spinal anesthesia. Aims The aim of our study was to compare clinical and anesthetic features of levobupivacaine and racemic bupivacaine when intrathecally administered in patients undergoing elective Cesarean section. Patients and methods Hundred patients of ASA I and II were randomized to receive an intrathecal injection of one of two local anesthetic solutions. Each patient in group L (n = 50) received 2 ml of isobaric levobupivacaine 5 mg/ml (10 mg) with 15 μg of fentanyl, whereas each patient in group B (n = 50) received 2 ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine (10 mg) with 15 μg of fentanyl. The parameters studied were onset and total duration of sensory block, onset and total duration of motor block, the quality of intraoperative anesthesia, hemodynamic alterations, and any intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results There were no significant differences in demographic or surgical variables between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the quality of anesthesia and intraoperative side effects in the two groups. Time to complete regression of motor blockade was statistically lower in group L (135 ± 15.6 vs. 145 ± 20.5 min; P < 0.005) compared with group B. There were no significant differences in onset of sensory and motor block in the two groups. The total duration of sensory at T 12 level in group L (168.3 ± 15.6 vs. 172.2 ± 20.5 min; P > 0.005) was nonsignificant when compared with group B. Conclusion Levobupivacaine, the pure S (-) enantiomer of racemic bupivacaine, is an equally effective local anesthetic for spinal anesthesia for Cesarean section, compared with racemic bupivacaine.
Late mortality of long-term survivors of childhood cancer

enormous progress in the treatment for childhood cancer; the present 5-year survival rate is estimated to be 80%. The increased population of cancer survivors gives us the possibility to assess life quality as well as the late effects of anticancer treatment. In multicentre studies, it has been shown that 60% of survivors have at least one late effect, and one third experience severe or lifethreatening sequelae. Survivors of childhood cancers are at risk of recurrence of primary malignancy, development of second cancer and chronic disease of the respiratory and cardiovascular system, which increase the mortality rate. Other late complications, such as diseases affecting kidneys, digestive system or bones, and hormonal and metabolic disturbances lead to deterioration of life quality. This report presents treatment-related factors that increase mortality of cancer survivors by contributing to the development of second cancers, cardiotoxicity or pulmonary complications.
Brucellosis in sheep and goat of Bogra and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh

Brucellosis is the most important bacterial disease of livestock in Bangladesh. The present study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in goat and sheep in Mymensingh and Bogra districts of Bangladesh using slow agglutination test and Rose Bengal test as screening test and indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay as confirmatory test. Questionnaire based data on age, gender, area, client's complaint, number of animals in herds, disease history, reproductive problems such as abnormal uterine discharge, abortion or previous abortion in sheep and goat and their reproductive diseases were recorded. A total of 200 sera samples were collected from 80 sheep and 120 goats. The prevalence of brucellosis in goat was 2.50% and 1.25% in sheep. Positive reactors were only detected in female of both goat and sheep. In this study, there existed a significant association among abortion and the prevalence of brucellosis (p < 0.01). The prevalence of brucellosis in sheep and goat in Bangladesh is not negligible, and it is therefore worth considering the adoption of preventive measures.
Puberty rituals, reproductive knowledge and health of adolescent schoolgirls in South India

This research paper provides insights on the public celebration of puberty rituals reproductive knowledge and health of adolescent schoolgirls in South India. It is noted that the events and experiences surrounding menstruation burdens young girls view of themselves as well as their understanding of reproductive health issues and on appropriate behavior for hygienic management of menstruation. Thus a study of the social dimensions of menarche and menstruation was carried out in the rural and urban field practice areas of the Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research in Pondicherry. Overall this study shows that despite the prominence of the ceremonial attention to "coming of age" very little attention is paid to informing adolescent girls about the actual facts of life of menstruation. Much of the information about menstruation imparted to a young girl is in the form of restrictions on her movements and behavior along with some other superstitions. Thus the teaching of hygienic practices related to menstruation should be linked to an expanded health education. This is important for the girls so they can gain knowledge on the physiology of the reproductive system information on reproductive tract infections sexually transmitted infections and other useful knowledge.