Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality Characteristics and Consumer Acceptance of Bread from Wheat and Rice Composite Flour

The quality characteristics and consumer acceptance of wheat-rice composite flour bread were evaluated. Substitution of rice flour was done in wheat flour from 0 to 100% and the composite flour was used to produce bread. The bread samples were subjected to proximate, physical, and sensory analyses. The results showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between the proximate compositions of bread samples studied. Bread from control (100% wheat flour) had moisture content of 28.61±0.28%. Bread from 10-50% wheat-rice composite flour had moisture contents ranged from 28.04±0.41 - 24.81±0.40%. The oven spring of the samples from control (100% wheat flour) had the highest value of 1.12±0.28 cm. The oven spring of wheat-rice composite bread ranged between 1.00±0.22 and 0.82±0.38 cm. There was inverse relationship between loaf weight (g), loaf volume and specific volume and the quantities of rice flour added to the wheat flour. The results of consumer acceptance showed that bread with 70:30 wheat: rice flour ratio was acceptable to the consumers. In conclusion, bread of good quality and good consumer acceptance could be made from wheat-rice composite flour.
Synthetic conventional reflectometry probing of edge and scrape-o layer plasma turbulence

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Synthetic conventional reflectometry probing of edge and scrape-o layer plasma turbulence José Vicente, Filipe da Silva, T. Ribeiro, Stéphane Heuraux, Garrard Conway, Bruce Scott, Luis Guimarãis, L. Gil, Egor Seliunin, P. Manz, et al.
Narrow linewidth random fiber laser with a π-phase-shifted FBG

A novel short-cavity-based narrow linewidth random fiber laser (RFL) is proposed. The random distributed feedback mechanism of RFL is assumed by a set of arbitrarily distributed weak reflection fiber Bragg grating arrays (FBGs). A π-phase-shifted FBG with a narrow transmission window is used in the RFL to further limit the number of random subcavity modes and suppress the output linewidth. High gain erbium-doped fibers and half-open cavity designs are used to maintain low lasing thresholds. A stable single-mode lasing operation with 3-dB linewidth of 211 Hz and 58 dB sidemode-suppression-ratio is established.
Insights from corrosion current measurements on corrosion mechanisms in reinforced concrete and on the evaluation of other corrosion data

During the past years Tafel polarization measurements have been implemented into the scope of measurements of CITec corrosion diagnosis projects. This has created a vast database of different and corresponding corrosion parameters, such as chloride and water content in the rebar vicinity, open circuit potential, electrolyte resistance, polarization resistance (from galvanostatic pulse and linear polarization) and corrosion current from Tafel polarization measurements. Although general limitations in using these methods on macro cell systems such as reinforced concrete are known, the comparative assessment of these data has led to a better understanding of the corrosion behaviour and of specific circumstances of the structures which deviated partly from usual expectations. For instance, a low polarization resistance at high chloride content will not result necessarily in a high corrosion current, if the reinforcement in the wider vicinity of the test location is similar active, and cathodic rebar areas are either very distant or retarded by very wet concrete. So the extended range of corrosion testing gives a more precise evaluation of the corrosion situation and permits a tailored repair and maintenance concept to be found. It has also been found that the Stern-Geary equation which is often used to calculate corrosion current densities and material loss of the reinforcement from linear polarization (LPR) measurements, doesn’t seem very feasible if used on reinforced concrete structures, as there appears to be a dominant influence of macro cell corrosion over the corrosion model of a homogenous mixed electrode (for which the Stern-Geary equation applies), and the true corrosion current densities may be either larger or (very often) much smaller than those calculated from Stern-Geary. This is not a new observation, and the findings will be discussed for several project cases.
The Wound Management Manual

Manual of Wound Management and Healing1. Overview of Lower and Upper extremity Wounds and Ulcerations2. Molecular Therapies for Wound Healing3. Oxygen and Wound Healingh3> 4. Topical Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: A Treatment for Indolent Wounds5. The Role of Non-Contact Radiant Heat Bandage in Chronic and Acute Wound Healing6. The Vacuum Assisted Closure7. Electro-Pressure Regeneration Therapy in Healing Pressure Ulcers and Wounds8. Electrical Stimulation in Wound Healing9. Antioxidant Effects of Ultra-Low Microcurrents10. In Vivo and In Vitro Wound Healing 11. Moist Dressings, Alginates, and Active and Inactive Dressings12. Lymph Edema and Lymph Stasis13. Use of Growth factors in the Treatment of Wounds14. Management of Acute Wounds15. End-Diastolic Pneumatic Boot and the treatment of Peripheral Vascular Disease16. Pneumatic Compression for Ischemic Limbs17. The Use of Dermagraft in Chronic Wound Management18. Integra Tissue Regeneration Matrix and its use in Chronic and Acute Wound Management19. Oasis Wound Dressing in Acute and Chronic Wound Management20. Use of Skin Substitute(Apligraf) in Wound Management21. Wound Closure by External Tissue Expansion22. The Diabetic Foot23. Modified Plantar Fasciotomy
PENGARUH MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA SISWA SMA XYZ DI JAKARTA BARAT

This study aims to examine the effect of learning motivation on the interest in entrepreneurship of XYZ high school students, in West Jakarta. The method used in this study is a quantitative method using a simple regression test and t test to test the hypothesis. The data used in this study is a primary data using questionnaires as data collection instruments. The number of samples used is 52 respondents with saturated sample techniques. The results of a simple regression analysis show a constant value of 31.438 with a regression coefficient of learning motivation variables of 0.979. The result of the t-test is 5.385 with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05) which means that there is a significance influences between learning motivation towards the interest in entrepreneurship of high school students XYZ, West Jakarta.
Investigation of the interfacial instability in a non-Boussinesq density stratified flow using linear stability theory

Abstract The main goal of this study is investigating the interfacial instability in the shear density stratified flow in non-Boussinesq regime using linear stability theory. In the current study, the pseudospectral collocation method employed Chebyshev polynomials is applied to solve two coupled eigenvalue equations. Using the linear stability analysis in the temporal framework, the effects of various parameters on the flow instability have been studied. Obtained results in the present paper are showing that increasing the bed slope, the flow becomes more unstable; also at R = 1, Kelvin–Helmholtz and Holmboe waves appear. Furthermore, Holmboe waves were not observed only at θ = 0. This study shows that at R ≠ 1, in addition to observing Kelvin–Helmholtz and Holmboe waves with higher growth rates, by increasing the bed slope, the growth rate and the number of Kelvin–Helmholtz modes increase. With an improved understanding of the instability mechanisms and features with including the non-Boussinesq effects, one can confirm some of the previous experimental results and offer new indications to observations that have not been fully explained. In designing laboratory experiments to observe Holmboe waves and estimating their wavelengths and phase speeds the results of present paper are also could be useful.
Knowledge States in the Learning of “Time”: Comparison of Primary Six Pupils’ from Different Types of Schools in Penang

The findings in this paper were a part of a bigger study which aimed to develop a cognitive diagnostic assessment [CDA] for primary mathematics learning of “Time”. This paper aimed to discuss and compare the knowledge state of primary pupils from different types of schools in Penang. Knowledge state represented a pupil’s mastery level on a defined set of attributes. These attributes were assessed by using a set of items and the responses were observed to find out a pupil’s knowledge state. Two hundred and sixty-nine Primary Six pupils from 11 primary schools in Penang involved in the study. A set of CDA with 35 items consisting of four cognitive models were administered to the pupils. However, only three cognitive models were discussed in this paper. Students’ responses were analysed by using Artificial Neural Network [ANN] to find the attribute probability of every pupil on each attribute. This probability was then classified and this set of classified attribute probability represented knowledge state of a pupil. Finding out the knowledge state of pupils helps teacher to investigate pupils’ learning progress, identify pupils’ misconception and thus make effective instructional decision. Results showed that Chinese Vernacular School pupils performed better than National School and Tamil Vernacular School pupils. Besides, the most common knowledge state in each cognitive model for each type of school was quite similar. The findings of this paper could be a preliminary step to demonstrate the usability and practicality of using CDA to obtain meaningful instructional inferences.
Experience from Integrated Air Quality Management in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area and Singapore

More than half of the world’s population now lives in cities as a result of unprecedented urbanization during the second half of the 20th century. The urban population is projected to increase to 68% by 2050, with most of the increase occurring in Asia and Africa. Population growth and increased energy consumption in urban areas lead to high levels of atmospheric pollutants that harm human health, cause regional haze, damage crops, contribute to climate change, and ultimately threaten the society’s sustainability. This article reviews the air quality and compares the policies implemented in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) and Singapore and offers insights into the complexity of managing air pollution to protect public health and the environment. While the differences in the governance, economics, and culture of the two cities greatly influence the decision-making process, both have made much progress in reducing concentrations of harmful pollutants by implementing comprehensive integrated air quality management programs. The experience and the lessons learned from the MCMA and Singapore can be valuable for other urban centers, especially in the fast-growing Asia-Pacific region confronting similar air pollution problems.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Diagnosis of Neurological Diseases

Introduction MRS basic physics of MR the clinical significance of metabolites an introduction to clinical cases clinical cases degenerative disease - Alzheimer disease, dementia, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease systemic diseases - liver disease, diabetes mellitus osmolar abnormalities trauma - SIADH, hyper-osmolar state, diffuse axonal injury, hypoxic injury global hypoxia -vascular diseases, stroke, infarcts and non vascular focal hypoxia focal lesions - ectopic grey matter, HIV related lesions, tumours and tuberculoma multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory disease paediatrics - abnormal development, Reyes syndrome, inborn errors of metabolism xenobiotics - ethanol, propylene, glycol, mannitol MRS patterns and referral guidelines.
Low resistance metal semiconductor contacts : low power nano-electronics and sensing

i Acknowledgements. iii Table of contents . vii Journals and conferences . x Abbreviations . xii Chapter 1Introduction . 1 1.1. Motivation . 1 1.2. Overview of Schottky barrier formation . 3 1.2.1. Gap state models . 4 1.2.2. Bond polarization and interface dipoles . 7 1.3. Prior artcontact engineering strategies . 9 1.3. 1. MIS contacts . 9 1.3. 2. Direct metallization using TiN (on Ge) . 10 1.3. 3. Embedded metal nanoparticles . 10 1.4. Thesis outline . 11 Chapter 2Background . 14 2.1. The Big picture . 14 2.2. Theoretical and practical considerations . 16 2.2.1. Energy bands, carrier distribution and temperature dependencies in semiconductors . 16 2.2.2. Carrier transport phenomena in metal-semiconductor junctions . 21 2.2.2.1. Thermionic emission theory . 22 2.2.2.2. Diffusion theory . 24 2.2.2.3. Thermionic emission diffusion (TED) theory . 26 2.2.1.4. Tunnelling in metal-semiconductor contacts . 29 2.2.3. MIS tunnel diode . 31 2.2. 4. Description of a plasma – macroscopic parameters . 33 2.2. 4.1. Debye length and charge screening . 33 2.2. 4.2. Plasma oscillations and response to fields . 36 2.2. 4.3. Plasma dynamics . 39 2.2. 4.4. Plasma field and non-equilibrium phenomena. 42
Diffusive instabilities and spatial patterning from the coupling of reaction–diffusion processes with Stokes flow in complex domains

We study spatial and spatio-temporal pattern formation emergent from reaction–diffusion–advection systems formed by considering reaction–diffusion systems coupled to prescribed fluid flows. While there have been a number of studies on the planar dynamics of such systems and the resulting instabilities and spatio-temporal patterning in the plane, less has been done on complicated flows in complex domains. We consider a general approach for the study of bounded domains in order to model two- and three-dimensional geometries which are more likely to be of relevance for modelling dynamics within fluid vessels used in experiments. Considering a variety of problem geometries with finite cross-sections, such as two-dimensional channels, three-dimensional ducts and three-dimensional pipes, we demonstrate the role cross-section geometry plays in pattern formation under such systems. We find that the generic instability is that of an oscillatory or wave Turing instability, resulting in patterns which change in time, often being advected with the fluid flow. As in previous works, we observe a change in patterns formed when progressing from zero to weak to strong advection for uniform advection across the domain, with particularly strong advection destroying patterns. One novel finding is that heterogeneous fluid flow can induce qualitatively different patterns across the domain. For instance, Poiseuille flow with maximal advection in the centre of a vessel and zero advection at the boundary of a vessel is shown to exhibit patterns in the centre of the vessel which are different from patterns near the boundary, with differences attributed to the differential local advection within each region of the vessel. Additionally, we observe sheared patterns, which appear due to gradients in the fluid velocity, and cannot be obtained via any kind of uniform flow. Finally we also explore flow in more complex domains, including wavy-walled channels, continuous stirred-tank reactors, U-shaped pipes and a toroidal domain, in order to demonstrate behaviours when the flow is both heterogeneous and bidirectional, as well as to demonstrate that our results still apply for complex finite domains. Our analysis suggests that such non-trivial advection results in moving patterns which are more complex than observed in simpler reaction–diffusion–advection, and may be more characteristic of realistic flow regimes in biological media.
Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations

The Numerical Solution of Ordinary and Partial Differential EquationsOrdinary and Partial Differential EquationsOrdinary and Partial Differential EquationsOrdinary Differential EquationsA Course in Ordinary and Partial Differential EquationsOrdinary and Partial Differential EquationsORDINARY AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONSOrdinary Differential EquationsA Treatise on Ordinary and Partial Differential EquationsIntroduction to Numerical Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations Using MATLABStudent Solutions Manual, Partial Differential Equations & Boundary Value Problems with MapleOrdinary and Partial Differential EquationsElements of Partial Differential EquationsUniqueness and Nonuniqueness Criteria for Ordinary Differential EquationsOrdinary Differential EquationsDifferential EquationsOrdinary and Partial Differential EquationsOrdinary and Partial Differential Equations for the BeginnerA Friendly Introduction to Differential EquationsApplications of Lie's Theory of Ordinary and Partial Differential EquationsIntroduction to Partial Differential Equations with ApplicationsMathematical Physics with Partial Differential EquationsFrom Ordinary to Partial Differential EquationsOrdinary and Partial Differential EquationsOrdinary and Partial Differential Equations, 20th EditionThe Numerical Solution of Ordinary and Partial Differential EquationsNumerical Solution of Ordinary and Partial Differential EquationsFinite Difference Methods for Ordinary and Partial Differential EquationsADVANCED DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONSIntroduction to Partial Differential EquationsStochastic Ordinary and Stochastic Partial Differential EquationsPartial Differential Equations and Boundary-value Problems with ApplicationsOrdinary and Partial Differential EquationsPartial Differential EquationsOrdinary and Partial Differential Equation Routines in C, C++, Fortran, Java, Maple, and MATLABOrdinary Differential EquationsOrdinary and Partial Differential EquationsSolving Ordinary and Partial Boundary Value Problems in Science and EngineeringOrdinary and Partial Differential Equations for the BeginnerPartial Differential Equations
Frequency Response and Recovery of Muscles and Effects of Wrapping the Lower Leg on Surface Velocity Measurements

Frequency Response and Recovery of Muscles and Effects of Wrapping the Lower Leg on Surface Velocity Measurements Cameron David Smallwood Department of Mechanical Engineering, BYU Master of Science This thesis is comprised of two studies. The objective of the first study was to find the frequency response and stiffness of the biceps brachii muscle group during recovery from exercise induced damage and to determine whether these data could be used to track muscle recovery by correlating changes in the frequency response with changes in muscle stiffness. Stiffness moduli were collected using Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) which were then applied to a proportional first mode frequency analysis. Data were collected for the muscle stiffness and frequency response for fifteen subjects (25.6 +− 4.5). By comparing the proportion of the square root of the SWE results, the variation in stiffness showed a less than 2 Hz change in first mode resonance for the control group. Frequency response results for the control group agreed with the modified SWE results and the proportion analysis. SWE results for the damage protocol group showed an average increase of 4 Hz. Frequency response results for the damage protocol group were sorted into three categories: three subjects had a change in frequency of peaks of at least 4 Hz in the positive direction; four subjects had an increase in amplitude, but no change in frequency of peaks; three subjects showed mixed responses like fewer resonance peaks, variable amplitudes, changes in peak bandwidth. This research allowed for the documentation of the in-vivo frequency response of the biceps brachii muscle. We believe that the frequency response of a muscle group may be used in the future to evaluate recovery from exercise induced damage. Lessons learned were also recorded for helping future studies in their efforts using an SLDV with human body testing. The second study focused on finding the effects on the surface velocity of tissue above and below a region of the lower leg wrapped in an elastic band when excited by an external source. Ten male subjects between the ages of 18-25 were seated in a chair with one foot placed on a vibrating platform. Two excitation frequencies were separately applied while three points along the leg were measured. A repeatability analysis, using results without the leg wrap, showed a 6.5%, 2.5%, and 10.5% variance in the x-, y-, and z-directions respectively, applying a 20 Hz frequency. With a 40 Hz frequency, the variations were 24%, 23.8%, and 28.4% respectively. A change in displacement of +38% and +10% occurred above the knee in the x-direction with 40 Hz and in the y-direction with 20 Hz, respectively. A change in displacement of -20% occurred below the knee in the xdirection with 20 Hz. A change in displacement of -24% occurred below the wrap location in the y-direction with 40Hz. With a confidence interval of 93%, surface velocity of the tissue located above the wrap increased, while the surface velocity of the tissue below the wrap decreased.
Settling the Score

Objectives Recent work has questioned the accuracy of the Injury Severity Score (ISS) and the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) in the pediatric population. We sought to determine mortality rates in pediatric trauma patients at ISSs considered “severe” in adults and whether mortality would vary substantially between adults and children sustaining injuries with the same AIS. Methods Univariate logistic regression was used to generate mortality rates associated with ISS scores, for children (<16 years of age) and adults, using the 2016 National Trauma Data Bank. Mortality rates at an ISS of 15 were calculated in both groups. We similarly calculated ISS scores associated with mortality rates of 10%, 25%, and 50%. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to compare the discriminative ability of ISS to predict mortality after blunt and penetrating injuries in adults and children. Mortality rates associated with 1 or more AIS 3 injuries per body region were defined. Results There were 855,454 cases, 86,414 (10.1%) of which were children. The ISS associated with 10%, 25%, and 50% mortality were 35, 44, and 53, respectively, in children; they were 27, 38, and 48 in adults. At an ISS of 15, pediatric mortality was 1.0%; in adults, it was 3.1%. A 3.1% mortality rate was not observed in children until an ISS of 25. On receiver operating characteristic analysis, the ISS performed better in children compared with adults (area under the curve, 0.965 vs 0.860 [P < 0.001]). Adults consistently suffered from higher mortality rates than did children with the same number of severe injuries to a body region, and mortality varied widely between specific selected AIS 3 injuries. Conclusions Although the ISS predicts mortality well, children have lower mortality than do adults for the same ISS, and therefore, the accepted definition of severe injury is not equivalent between these 2 cohorts. Mortality risk is highly dependent on the specific nature of the injury, with large variability in outcomes despite identical AIS scores.