Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social Media Impact on Aesthetic Procedures Among Females in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract Aesthetic procedures represent one of the most commonly performed procedures in the medical field. Such procedures have been growing in popularity. Social media is a term used to describe electronic platforms that promote the dissemination of information to targeted users. These platforms play a critical role in promoting aesthetic procedures. Objective The objective of this study was to assess the impact of social media on aesthetic procedures among the female population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed. A validated online questionnaire, consisting of 26 questions, was distributed among females visiting the facial plastic clinic at King Abdulaziz Medical City, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results Out of 1449 participants, 81% were aged between 25 and 34 years. The majority (78.8%) were aware of the complications that may follow aesthetic procedures. The decision to undergo such procedures was affected by the price in 77%. Overall, 97% thought that cosmetic specialized accounts on social media are helpful, yet 77.8% believed that such accounts do not provide sufficient information. The influence of social media upon participants was 68%; 31.9% claimed that social media had no influence. Instagram was the most influential application followed by Snapchat and then Twitter; 50% of the participants routinely apply Snapchat filters and 42% decided to undergo facial changes after applying Snapchat filters. Conclusion Social media is an important source of information with Instagram being the most influential platform. Facial filters have led to an increase in the number of aesthetic procedures carried out.
Effect of Learning Goal Orientation on Leadership Development

Effective leadership development has eluded many organizations and academia for a long time. Those who have attempted to improve the practice and study of leadership development focus on the same old elements of leadership development. The traditional elements of leadership development that have been studied and implemented previously include: the content of the leadership development programs, the delivery of leadership development programs, the length of the programs and advocating for leadership development programs that are entrenched in leadership theory. Despite numerous studies and implementation of the studies’ findings on leadership development, there exists widespread dissatisfaction with leadership development outcomes. Some scholars have observed that leader developmental readiness may be the missing ingredient in leadership development. Learning goal orientation is one of the five elements of leader developmental readiness. Therefore, this study examines the effect of learning goal orientation on leadership development. The study reveals that learning goal orientation has a significant effect on leadership development, F(1,286) = 62.346, p < 001. In addition, learning goal orientation accounts for 17.9% of the variation in leadership development. Thus, enhancing participants’ learning goal orientation should be part and parcel of any leadership development program in order to improve the effectiveness of leadership development.
Sleep problems in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.

Background and Objective: Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood. 20-50% of ADHD affacted children have sleep disorders which can cause cognitive and behavioral disorders. This study was done to determine the sleep problems in children with ADHD. Method: In this case control study, 52 children with ADHD was considered as cases and 52 school age children without ADHD as a control group in Gorgan, northern Iran during 2013. Sleep habits (CSHQ) and DSM-IV questionnaires were filled for each child. Results: Sleep problems were observed in 45 (86.5%) and 36 (69.2%) of children in case and control group, respectively (P<0.05). The mean score of sleep problems in case and control group was 48.25 ± 6.61 and 45.87 ± 6.23, respectively (P<0.05). The score of resistance to sleep, anxious habits of sleep and waking during night in cases were more than controls (P<0.05). Conclusion: Sleep problems in children with ADHD are more frequent than children without ADHD.
Creation of the euro area : Implications for economic statistics

A major event in early 2002 was the arrival of the euro banknotes and coins and the withdrawal of the existing twelve national currencies from circulation. The event has influenced every citizen in the euro area and is clearly a historic change. It heralds a new phase in forging an “ever closer union among the peoples of Europe”. In economic terms, however, the introduction in January 1999 of the single currency after determining the irrevocably fixed exchange rates of the national currencies with the euro was a more important event. It meant that decisions on monetary policy moved from national central banks to the Governing Council of the European Central Bank. This Statistics Brief highlights some of the consequences for economic statistics of the creation of the euro area.
Title of dissertation: INTERACTION OF INTENSE LASER PULSES WITH GAS FOR TWO-COLOR THZ GENERATION AND REMOTE MAG- NETOMETRY

Title of dissertation: INTERACTION OF INTENSE LASER PULSES WITH GAS FOR TWO-COLOR THZ GENERATION AND REMOTE MAGNETOMETRY Luke A. Johnson, Doctor of Philosophy, 2014 Dissertation directed by: Professor Thomas Antonsen Departments of Physics and Electrical & Computer Engineering Professor Phillip Sprangle Departments of Physics and Electrical & Computer Engineering The interaction of intense laser pulses with atmospheric gases is studied in two contexts: (i) the generation of broadband terahertz radiation via two-color photoionization currents in nitrogen, and (ii) the generation of an electromagnetic wakefield by the induced magnetization currents of oxygen. (i) A laser pulse propagation simulation code was developed to investigate the radiation patterns from two-color THz generation in nitrogen. Understanding the mechanism for conical, two-color THz furthers the development of broadband THz sources. Two-color photoionization produces a cycle-averaged current driving broadband, conically emitted THz radiation. The THz emission angle is found to be determined by an optical Cherenkov effect, occurring when the front velocity of the ionization induced current source is greater than the THz phase velocity. (ii) A laser pulse propagating in the atmosphere is capable of exciting a magnetic dipole transition in molecular oxygen. The resulting transient current creates a co-propagating electromagnetic field behind the laser pulse, i.e. the wakefield, which has a rotated polarization that depends on the background magnetic field. This effect is analyzed to determine it’s suitability for remote atmospheric magnetometry for the detection of underwater and underground objects. In the proposed approach, Kerr self-focusing is used to bring a polarized, high-intensity, laser pulse to focus at a remote detection site where the laser pulse induces a ringing in the oxygen magnetization.The detection signature for underwater and underground objects is the change in the wakefield polarization between different measurement locations. The magnetic dipole transition line that is considered is the bΣg −XΣg transition band of oxygen near 762 nm. INTERACTION OF INTENSE LASER PULSES WITH GAS FOR TWO-COLOR THZ GENERATION AND REMOTE MAGNETOMETRY
Incidence des kystes radiculaires dans une série de 125 lésions périapicales chroniques : Etude histopathologique

L'incidence des kystes radiculaires a ete etudie sur un echantillon de 125 lesions periapicales chroniques observees dans 36 cas (28,8 %) apres chirurgie periapicale, et dans 89 cas (71,2 %) apres l'extraction des dents causales. L'etude histopathologique des composants basiques de ces lesions a parmis le diagnostic de 18 kystes radiculaires (14,4 %) et 107 Periodontites Apicales Chroniques (P.A.C.) ou granulomes (85,6 %). Dans les kystes ont ete trouves plus frequemment des cristaux de cholesterine, une capsule fibreuse et une cavite ; les differences par rapport aux P.A. C. ont ete statistiquement significatives.
A disaggregate choice-based approach to find ε-equilibria of oligopolistic markets

We present a general framework to find ε-equilibrium solutions of oligopolistic markets in which demand is modeled at the disaggregate level using discrete choice models. Consumer choices are modeled according to random utility theory, and the choice probabilities are linearized and embedded as lower-level constraints in the supply optimization problems. To model competition, we introduce a mixed integer optimization model based on the fixed-point iteration algorithm, which can find an optimal equilibrium or near-equilibrium solution of a finite game with small strategy sets. To solve larger equilibrium problems, a model-based algorithmic approach is proposed. First, a heuristic reduction of the search space is performed. Then, an iterative procedure solves a subgame equilibrium problem with restricted strategy sets using the fixed-point optimization model, compares the optimal solution against the best responses of all suppliers over the original strategy sets, and adds best response strategies to the restricted problem until all ε-equilibrium conditions are satisfied simultaneously. Numerical experiments show the applicability of our algorithm to find oligopolistic ε-equilibria for two transportation case studies.
EFFICIENCY OF RICE FARMERS IN NIGERIA : POTENTIALS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION

Self-sufficiency in rice production has eluded Nigeria for a long time despite over 36 years of efforts by the Government of Nigeria towards its realization. Chains of economic activities in the Nigerian rice industry like harvesting, parboiling, drying, milling/threshing etc are largely executed by women and children. Government of Nigeria has therefore not relented in her effort to develop the rice enterprise as this will put money and food into the hands of the very vulnerable segment of the Nigerian society. This study examines the efficiency of rice farmers in Nigeria, identifying the inefficiency variables in an effort to eliminate wastes and thus set the crop sub-sector on the path of growth and development. The trend analysis identified a huge rice supply deficit, huge rice import bills and very low rice productivity in Nigeria. Thus while Nigeria and other developing economies grapple with the problem of food/rice production the developed economies face other issues like quality and safety of food. In contrast, trend analysis results for developed agricultural economy indicates high productivity trend. Nigeria’s rice productivity problems occurred despite over 4.9 million hectares of available land suitable for rice production in Nigeria. Primary data were then collected form randomly sampled 300 rice farmers in Kogi State Nigeria using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Stochastic Frontier production function. Further findings of the study indicated that the elasticity of mean value of rice output with respect to farm size (0.74), labour use (0.14), fertilizer (0.24), were of increasing function. The returns to scale value of 1.82 for significant elasticities was realized indicating a suboptimal rice production process. The firm-specific indices of technical efficiency vary widely between 0.7 x 10 and 0.91 with a mean of 0.54. Technical efficiency in rice production in Nigeria could be increased by 46% through better management and use of available resources. The study indicated that this could be achieved through farmer specific factors including age, farming experience, household size, education and improved rice variety. Key recommendations of the study include access to improved rice variety, access to improved rice processing technology and access to markets and extension services.
INCIDENTAL L2 VOCABULARY ACQUISITION FROM AND WHILE READING

Previous studies have shown that reading is an important source of incidental second language (L2) vocabulary acquisition. However, we still do not have a clear picture of what happens when readers encounter unknown words. Combining offline (vocabulary tests) and online (eye-tracking) measures, the incidental acquisition of vocabulary knowledge from reading and the online reading of unknown lexical items were examined. L2 English learners read a story containing unknown items while their eye movements were recorded. After eight exposures, L2 readers recognized the form and the meaning of 86% and 75% of the target nonwords, respectively, whereas they recalled the meaning of 55% of the nonwords. After three to four encounters, nonwords were read significantly faster, and by eight encounters they were read in a similar manner to previously known real words. Results also showed a positive relationship between new vocabulary learning outcomes and online reading, with longer reading times associated with higher vocabulary recall test scores. The study was also conducted with first language (L1) readers to provide baseline data for comparison. Results confirmed the L2 findings while also indicating an interesting L1-L2 distinction in the rate rather than in the ultimate outcome of the acquisition process.
The Effects of Progesterone and Estrogen Hormone Levels on Some Reproductive Characteristics of The Akkaraman Sheep

Bu calismada, Akkaraman koyunlarinin ureme doneminde progesteron ve ostrojen hormon duzeylerini ve bu hormonlarin bazi ureme ozellikleri uzerine etkileri incelenmistir. Incelenen 31 bas koyunda dogum orani %90.32; tek dogum orani %53.57; ikizlik orani %46.42; kuzu verimi %132.25 ve tek doguma kuzu orani ise 1.46 olmustur. Birinci ikinci ostrus arasi progesteron seviyeleri tek doguran koyunlarda 3.69-12.20 ng/ml; ikiz doguran koyunlarda 3.04-10.44 ng/ml; ostrojen miktarlari tek doguran koyunlarda 39.40-84.03 pg/ml ve ikiz doguran koyunlarda 52.44-72.77 pg/ml olarak bulunmustur. Progesteronun anostrus donemindeki seviyesi 0.20-10.20 ng/ml; ostrojenin 6.30-169.60 pg/ml olmustur. Ostrojen hormonunun dogum tipi uzerine etkisi onemsiz; progesteron seviyelerinin ikinci ostrustan onceki ikinci ve ucuncu gunlerde dogum tipine etkisinin onemli oldugu (P<0.05 ve P<0.001) tespit edilmistir. Sonuc olarak, progesteron hormonunun ortalama degerleri ile maksimum ve minimum degerleri arasindaki farklilik prolifik irklara benzerlik gostermektedir. Ostrojen hormonu seviyeleri prolifik irklardan dusuk, prolifik olmayan irklardan yuksek olmustur. Bu nedenle Akkaraman irkinin kombine verimli prolifik bir irk olarak degerlendirilebilecegi dusunulmektedir.
Pathological Studies on Foot and Mouth disease at Kaluobia Governorate

The aim of this study was to detect the pathological affections in various body organs in dead animals by foot and mouth disease (FMD) throughout Kaluobia Governorate, Egypt. The study included 882 clinically affected animals showing characteristic signs of foot and mouth disease including, 827 cattle, and 55 buffalo. The age of the examined animals ranged from 30 days to 3 years and they were of both sexes. The total mortality rates were 6.65% in cattle and 54% in buffalos. The most common clinical signs that appeared on examined cases represented by fever, depression, recumbency, lameness, ropy salivation, ptyalism with protrusion of the tongue. Moreover, in young calf's sudden death was the only observed clinical signs. Histopathological examination of both young calves (1-2 months old) and aged calves (12-24 months old), revealed extensive inflammatory and necrotic lesions in the myocardium, lung, liver, kidney, spleen and intestine. Viral isolation from tongue epithelium and molecular identification revealed the presence of FMD virus 'type O'.
Hypertension-related Knowledge and Its Relationship with Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Patients Visiting a Semi-private Tertiary-care Charity Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan

Introduction Hypertension is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Fifty-four percent of strokes and forty-seven percent of cardiovascular deaths are caused by suboptimal control of blood pressure. Economically developing countries like Pakistan are heavily burdened with an ever-rising epidemic of cardiovascular disease and stroke morbidity and mortality. Therefore, urgent steps are required to treat, as well as modify, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. Purpose The objective of this study was to ascertain the knowledge of hypertension and other sociodemographic variables and their impact on controlling blood pressures in the hypertensive population belonging to the low socioeconomic strata. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the general medicine and cardiology outpatient clinics of a tertiary care charity hospital. Three-hundred thirty-five hypertensive patients of age >24 years were selected and informed consent was obtained. Hypertension-related knowledge was assessed using the Modified "Hypertensive Knowledge-Level Scale (HK-LS)" via a 15-20 min interview. Secondary variables in the questionnaire included social demographics, medical history, and assessment of body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure average values, which were measured during the interview. Knowledge was recorded based on the 33-point modified HK-LS scale, whereas secondary variables were not counted toward the assessment of knowledge. Results The frequencies of low, moderate, and high levels of hypertension-related knowledge were recorded as 2.1%, 79.4%, and 62%, respectively. Among 335 patients, (57.3%) were male, the mean age was 52.5 ± 11.5 years, and 63.6% were professionally active. Median systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in hypertensive patients were 140 and 86 mmHg, respectively. Sixty-nine percent of patients reported existing comorbidities, 54% had diabetes, 20.7% had cardiovascular disease, and 24% reported renal disease. No significant association was observed between the levels of knowledge of hypertension and gender, blood pressure (BP) status, professional activity, and age groups (p=0.877, p=0.863, p=0.125, and p=0.400, respectively). Conclusion The majority had adequate knowledge of hypertension but only 64.8% had controlled BP status. This depicts not a lack of knowledge and awareness but rather a lack of prevention of risk factors related to hypertension. Thus, further studies are advised to look into the preventive strategies employed by patients to control their BP and assess their effectiveness.
Students Mathematics Interest in Senior High Schools: Empirical Evidence from Ashanti Region of Ghana

The relevance of students’ academic interest in mathematics is of great concern to stakeholders in education. The present study models students’ interest in mathematics (SIM) using mathematics facility (MF), mathematics connection (MC), teacher motivation (TM) as well as instructor quality and availability (IQA). The study randomly selected 1500 students from 10 senior high schools from the Ashanti region of Ghana; however, 1,263 of the participants fully participated in the study. These participants were made to respond to validated self-administered questionnaires with alpha-reliability of 0.74, 0.69, 0.70, 0.699 and 0.68 for SIM, MC, MF, IQA and TM respectively. Findings from the study showed that MC, MF, IQA and TM explain 71.6% of the variance in students’ interest in mathematics. The study further found that approximately 15% of variability in teachers’ ability to connect mathematics to real life problems is attributable to availability of mathematics facility as well as instructor quality and availability. The study finally found that availability of mathematics facilities for teaching and learning explains 12.4% of instructor quality in teaching mathematics. The study concluded that students’ interest in mathematics is influenced significantly by the teachers’ ability to connect mathematics to real life and the immediate environment, availability of mathematics facility, teacher motivation as well as instructor quality and availability. The study recommended for mathematics educators to take into account the influence of these factors and integrate them in the delivery of mathematics in high schools.
The impact of social media on consumer-brand loyalty: A mediating role of online based-brand community

Abstract This paper aims at examining the mediating role of online based-brand community (OBBC) through social media platforms (SMP) given the interplay of consumers’ purchasing attitude in a virtual space. To do this, an online survey was used to gauge the views of online consumers so as to establish the relationship between social media usage and consumer-brand loyalty (CBL) via the online based-brand community. A total of 122 social media users affiliated to at least one online brand community took part in the survey. The findings generated through the partial least square and structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) showed that OBBC on the social media platform positively initiates consumer-brand engagement and user-brand relationship. While SMP indirectly stimulates consumer-brand promise and trust (CBPT), towards CBL via OBBC. For the purpose of brand management and the firm’s profitability, this paper offered a conceptual model that depicts a connection between SMP and CBL. The managerial implication of this research was to help practitioners and industry players to harness the usefulness of social media platform in their quest to increase market share in the medium to long-term goals.
A Novel Event Insertion Heuristic for Creating Feasible Course Timetables

We propose a novel event insertion heuristic for finding feasible solutions for instances of the University Course Timetabling Problem (UCTP). We introduce and apply a new neighbourhood structure on partial timetables that permits to approach a feasible timetable. The key insight is that an event can be inserted in a time slot if all the events conflicting with it are moved to other time slots. In order to prevent our event insertion heuristic from running into local optima, a simple perturbation strategy is employed additionally. Our experimental results show that our event insertion heuristic yields superior results compared to other state-of-the-art feasible solution generation algorithms for a large number of corresponding benchmark instances.
Isolation and characterization of potential phosphate solubilizing bacteria in two regions of Senegal

Many soils of the inter-tropical regions are P-deficient because of their high fixing power and low P content. Rock phosphate resources used to produce the phosphate fertilizers are exhausted and chemical fertilizer are causing environmental degradation. This issue raised the question of sustainability of fertilization and subsequently has enhanced the interest in the use of microorganisms as biofertilizers. The aim of this study is to isolate and characterize potential P solubilizing bacteria (PSB) from two P deficient agricultural regions in Senegal. Twelve potential PSB were selected and further screened for other plant growth promoting traits (Indole-3-acetic acid (auxin) and siderophore production) and characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing. All the isolates produced auxin and seven of them produced siderophore. DNA sequencing showed that five isolates were affiliated to the genus Bacillus, four to the genus Staphylococcus, two to the genus Microbacterium and one isolate showed high similarities with members of the genus Burkholderia. The selected bacteria will further be tested on some plants to assess their biofertilization potential. Key words: 16S rDNA, indole-3-acetic-acid (IAA), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), siderophore.