Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dupilumab and alopecia: A Janus effect

Atopic dermatitis (AD) and alopecia areata (AA) are two common skin diseases that can coexist in the same patient, sharing some pathogenetic mechanisms such as the overexpression of interleukin 4 (IL4) and interleukin 13 (IL13). Recently, cases of AA healing during treatment with anti‐IL4/IL13 monoclonal antibody dupilumab (D) for AD were reported. However, cases of appearance of AA have been described during D treatment too. We report two patients that experienced these two opposite effects of D.
Electroencephalography theta/beta ratio covaries with mind wandering and functional connectivity in the executive control network

The ratio between frontal resting‐state electroencephalography (EEG) theta and beta frequency power (theta/beta ratio, TBR) is negatively related to cognitive control. It is unknown which psychological processes during resting state account for this. Increased theta and reduced beta power are observed during mind wandering (MW), and MW is related to decreased connectivity in the executive control network (ECN) and increased connectivity in the default mode network (DMN). The goal of this study was to test if MW‐related fluctuations in TBR covary with such functional variation in ECN and DMN connectivity and if this functional variation is related to resting‐state TBR. Data were analyzed for 26 participants who performed a 40‐min breath‐counting task and reported the occurrence of MW episodes while EEG was measured and again during magnetic resonance imaging. Frontal TBR was higher during MW than controlled thought and this was marginally related to resting‐state TBR. DMN connectivity was higher and ECN connectivity was lower during MW. Greater ECN connectivity during focus than MW was correlated to lower TBR during focus than MW. These results provide the first evidence of the neural correlates of TBR and its functional dynamics and further establish TBR's usefulness for the study of executive control, in normal and potentially abnormal psychology.
Peer Review as a Motivating Device in the Training of Writing Skills for College Students

This article introduces an innovative method of training in writing skills in content areas for college students. The method involves the use of a peer-review panel to encourage students to write in-class essays in academic and professional formats. The basic features are: Students take the instructor's perspective; they internalize class performance standards; and thus, they voluntarily incorporate those standards in their attitudes toward instruction as well as in their learning behaviors.
Experimental verification of performance improvement for a gigabit wavelength division multiplexing visible light communication system utilizing asymmetrically clipped optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

Asymmetrically clipped optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (ACO-OFDM) has been a promising candidate in visible light communications (VLC) due to its improvement in power efficiency and reduction of nonlinearity based on previous simulation analysis. In this paper, for the first time as far as we know, we experimentally verify that ACO-OFDM would be an efficient scheme to improve the performance of a gigabit wavelength division multiplexing VLC system. Our theoretical investigations reveal that the advantages of ACO-OFDM can be attributed to the reduction of inter-carrier interference caused by signal–signal beating noise. An aggregate data rate of 1.05 Gb/s is successfully achieved over 30 cm transmission below the 7% forward-error-correction threshold of 3.8×10−3. The experimental results show that ACO-OFDM can outperform DC-biased optical OFDM by BER performance of 1.5 dB at the same data rate and 4 dB at the same bandwidth, which clearly demonstrates the benefit and feasibility of ACO-OFDM.
External Validation of Two Models to Predict Delirium in Critically Ill Adults Using Either the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU or the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist for Delirium Assessment.

OBJECTIVES To externally validate two delirium prediction models (early prediction model for ICU delirium and recalibrated prediction model for ICU delirium) using either the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU or the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist for delirium assessment. DESIGN Prospective, multinational cohort study. SETTING Eleven ICUs from seven countries in three continents. PATIENTS Consecutive, delirium-free adults admitted to the ICU for greater than or equal to 6 hours in whom delirium could be reliably assessed. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The predictors included in each model were collected at the time of ICU admission (early prediction model for ICU delirium) or within 24 hours of ICU admission (recalibrated prediction model for ICU delirium). Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU or the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist. Discrimination was determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The predictive performance was determined for the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU and Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist cohort, and compared with both prediction models' original reported performance. A total of 1,286 Confusion Assessment Method-ICU-assessed patients and 892 Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist-assessed patients were included. Compared with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71-0.79) in the original study, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the early prediction model for ICU delirium was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.64-0.71) for delirium as assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.66-0.74) using the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist. Compared with the original area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.77 (95% CI, 0.74-0.79), the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the recalibrated prediction model for ICU delirium was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.72-0.78) for assessing delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU and 0.71 (95% CI, 0.67-0.75) using the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist. CONCLUSIONS Both the early prediction model for ICU delirium and recalibrated prediction model for ICU delirium are externally validated using either the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU or the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist for delirium assessment. Per delirium prediction model, both assessment tools showed a similar moderate-to-good statistical performance. These results support the use of either the early prediction model for ICU delirium or recalibrated prediction model for ICU delirium in ICUs around the world regardless of whether delirium is evaluated with the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU or Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist.
Key modules and hub genes identified by coexpression network analysis for revealing novel biomarkers for larynx squamous cell carcinoma

Larynx squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the second most aggressive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Numerous genes have been identified to be aberrantly expressed during the development of LSCC. However, currently, researchers focus more on the individual molecule and downstream genes, leaving the coexpression among genes and key upstream disease driver genes unexploited. In this study, we applied weighted gene coexpression analysis (WGCNA) to decipher potential hub genes driving the development of LSCC. After downloading of LSCC microarray profile from gene expression omnibus, different expression analysis was performed, which was used to conduct functional enrichment analysis. Then, we applied WGCNA to highlight the hub genes which were relevant to the carcinogenesis and progression. A total of 2858 differentially expressed genes were identified in LSCC samples compared with adjacent non‐neoplastic tissues. WGCNA revealed three LSCC set‐specific modules having significant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment effect, including pink, cyan, and black module. Nine hub genes were identified to be crucial in LSCC onset and progression, which may assist clinical decisions and serve as potential targets for LSCC treatment.
Sources of Stimulus-Response Compatibility: Frames, Rules, and Response Tendencies

While a taxonomic approach to maximizing stimulus-response (S-R) compatibility is frequently applied to improve system design, it can fall short because no taxonomy is ever complete. A model-based approach may uncover additional system flaws and can help us to understand the sources of S-R compatibility. A satisfactory model is defined as one that is acceptable on two vital dimensions: It is both theoretically correct and easy for system designers to use. This article revisits a satisfactory hierarchical model of S-R compatibility proposed by Kantowitz, Triggs and Barnes (1). The model presupposes a recursive combination of frames, rules, and response tendencies to explain how actions are derived from stimuli mapped to responses. Several recent studies of S-R compatibility were selected to exercise the model. By using frames, rules, and response tendencies the hierarchical model generated explanations that are consistent with these empirical results. Control-display compatibility is maximized when frames, rules, and response tendencies are aligned.
A knowledge based object-oriented database schema generator

The design and implementation are discussed of a knowledge based object-oriented database (OODB) schema generator called KERO. KERO converts entity-relationship (ER) diagrams into structurally object-oriented database schema. A set of rules translating ER schema to OODB schema and their implementation are discussed with examples. KERO's input ER schema are capable of containing most of the semantic constructs used in the literature. The ER approach has been the most popular methodology for the relational database design. KERO allows one to utilize in the design of OODB schema the valuable knowledge of information engineers, as obtained through the design and use of relational database systems using the ER methodology. The KERO system has been implemented in MIKE, which is a meta-interpreter written in Prolog. <<ETX>>
Raynaud's Phenomenon Associated With Calcitonin Gene‐Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibody Antagonists

Two cases are reported of migraineurs who reported Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) exacerbated while taking monoclonal antibodies to the calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) ligand (fremanezumab and galcanezumab) and 1 case of new onset RP while taking the CGRP receptor antagonist (erenumab). The prevalence of primary and secondary RP, causes of secondary RP, co‐morbidity with migraine, and medications which might induce or exacerbate RP are reviewed. The pathophysiology of how CGRP monoclonal antagonists might exacerbate or induce RP is discussed. The cases suggest but do not prove causation.
Mixed Methodology: Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches

PART ONE: PARADIGMS AND POLITICS OF RESEARCH Introduction to Mixed Methods and Mixed Model Studies in the Social and Behavioral Sciences Pragmatism and the Choice of Research Strategy Research Design Issues for Mixed Method and Mixed Model Studies PART TWO: METHODS AND STRATEGIES OF RESEARCH Sampling, Measurement, and Quality of Inferences Data Collection Strategies and Research Procedures Alternatives to Traditional Data Analytic Strategies PART THREE: APPLICATIONS, EXAMPLES AND FUTURE DIRECTION OF MIXED MODEL RESEARCH Examples of Mixed Model Designs Extended Examples of Mixed Model Designs Conclusions and Future Directions
Commonly taught and less commonly taught language learners: are they equally prepared for CALL and online language learning?

In this study, we present the analyses stemming from a survey administered to 2149 foreign language learners at Michigan State University. We had three goals. First, we aimed to compile a profile of language learners' technological acumen, access to and ownership of technology, and the current uses of technology across a wide range of languages being studied. Second, we wanted to investigate whether learners, when grouped by language of study (commonly taught or less-commonly taught), differed in their knowledge, ownership, or uses of technology. Third, we wanted to relate these data to the learners' receptiveness to a proposed increase in the amount of technology used for language instruction. Significant differences in the variables were found in terms of level of academic study and the classification of the language being learned (commonly taught versus less-commonly taught and Roman alphabet versus non-Roman alphabet). These differences reflect the recent discussions on the preparedness of students for increases in computer-assisted language learning and hybrid and distance language classes.
Social Support, Health Literacy, and Health Care Utilization Among Older Adults

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between social support, health literacy, and health care utilization in older Chinese adults. A cross-sectional survey design was employed. Data were collected from 32 nursing homes from Urumqi in Xinjiang of China. A total of 1486 respondents completed a pack of questionnaires. The average health literacy level of older adults in nursing homes was relatively low, only 73.68 ± 29.42 points; the average social support level was also relatively low, only 31.42 ± 7.12 points (lower than domestic norm of Chinese residents, P < .001). Both values were below the midpoint for the overall population, indicating a sample with below-average levels of healthy literacy and social support. Low social support levels are associated with poor health literacy and greater likelihood of hospital admission (P < .05). Social support was significantly associated with health literacy. Improving the quantity and quality of social support may be an effective means to obtain better health literacy and lower hospital admissions.
Humanists Revisited: A Longitudinal Look at the Adoption of Information Technology

Developments in information technology have had a major impact on the conduct of research and scholarship. In general, humanists have been slower than scientists and social scientists to adopt new technologies in their work. This paper, a longitudinal study of eleven humanists, corroborates the general pattern and provides insight into why humanists use technology as they do. It relates its findings to a definition of the humanities: those fields of scholarship that strive to reconstruct, describe, and interpret the activities and accomplishments of men and women by establishing and studying documents and artifacts created by those men and women. The discussion emphasizes that the primary evidence that humanists use differentiates them from scientists and social scientists.
Dimerization of the Sodium/Iodide Symporter

Background: The ability of thyroid follicular epithelial cells to accumulate iodide via the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) is exploited to successfully treat most thyroid cancers, although a subset of patients lose functional NIS activity and become unresponsive to radioiodide therapy, with poor clinical outcome. Our knowledge of NIS regulation remains limited, however. While numerous membrane proteins are functionally regulated via dimerization, there is little definitive evidence of NIS dimerization, and whether this might impact upon radioiodide uptake and treatment success is entirely unknown. We hypothesized that NIS dimerizes and that dimerization is a prerequisite for iodide uptake. Methods: Coimmunoprecipitation, proximity ligation, and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays were used to assess NIS:NIS interaction. To identify residues involved in dimerization, a homology model of NIS structure was built based on the crystal structure of the dimeric bacterial protein vSGLT. Results: Abundant cellular NIS dimerization was confirmed in vitro via three discrete methodologies. FRET and proximity ligation assays demonstrated that while NIS can exist as a dimer at the plasma membrane (PM), it is also apparent in other cellular compartments. Homology modeling revealed one key potential site of dimeric interaction, with six residues <3Å apart. In particular, NIS residues Y242, T243, and Q471 were identified as critical to dimerization. Individual mutation of residues Y242 and T243 rendered NIS nonfunctional, while abrogation of Q471 did not impact radioiodide uptake. FRET data show that the putative dimerization interface can tolerate the loss of one, but not two, of these three clustered residues. Conclusions: We show for the first time that NIS dimerizes in vitro, and we identify the key residues via which this happens. We hypothesize that dimerization of NIS is critical to its trafficking to the PM and may therefore represent a new mechanism that would need to be considered in overcoming therapeutic failure in patients with thyroid cancer.
Defining mentoring: a literature review of issues, types, and applications

This literature review of contemporary mentoring delineates mentoring definitions and anchors these with explanatory discourse. Select empirical studies spanning 1983–2019 were analyzed, with a focus on education across grade levels. Alternative mentoring issues, types, and applications, also located, are integral to this discussion. While researchers describe what mentoring is, it is also important to clarify what it is not. Traditional definitions of mentoring have been losing traction, with mentoring alternatives forging new possibilities within changing learning and work environments. Contexts of mentoring include a personal–professional relationship to an educational process; an organizational, cultural, and global context; and a systemic reform strategy that builds human capacity. This complex definitional terrain is situated within theoretical mentoring frameworks. Mentoring as deep, equitable learning with social transformative value is illustrated. Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics and other educational examples serve this purpose. Challenges to the field from alternative mentoring theory are discussed for transparency around meanings of mentoring and contributions that advance socially just relationships, organizations, and cultures. The article provides a timely and needed framework to discriminate and differentiate mentoring from other developmental relationships.
Prolonged clinical remission and low disease activity statuses are associated with better quality of life in systemic lupus erythematosus

Objective The objective of this study was to determine the association between disease activity status and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Methods SLE patients in an out-patient clinic during the previous 12 months were included in the study. The Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-specific Quality-of-Life questionnaire (SLEQoL) was administered at the last visit. Disease activity status was determined retrospectively during the previous year. The categories of disease activity status were defined as: clinical remission (CR): clinical quiescent disease according to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000, prednisolone ≤ 5 mg/day; low disease activity (LDA): SLEDAI-2K (without serological domain) ≤ 2, prednisolone ≤ 7.5 mg/day; and non-optimally controlled status: for those who were not in CR/LDA. Immunosuppressive drugs (maintenance dose) and antimalarials were allowed. Prolonged CR or LDA was defined as those with sustained CR or LDA for at least one year. The association between disease activity status and HRQoL was assessed by using regression analysis adjusting for other covariates. Results Of 237 SLE patients, 100 patients (42.2%) achieved prolonged CR, 46 patients (19.4%) achieved prolonged LDA and 91 patients (38.4%) were not in CR/LDA. Non-CR/LDA patients had significantly higher total SLEQoL score and in all domains compared to CR/LDA patients. No significant difference in SLEQoL domain scores was found between CR and LDA groups. Multivariable analysis revealed that non-CR/LDA was positively associated with SLEQoL score compared with CR/LDA (β 20.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.81–33.23, p < 0.003). Moreover, non-CR/LDA was at a higher risk of impaired QoL (SLEQoL score > 80) compared with CR (hazard ratio 3.8; 95% CI 1.82–7.95; p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between CR and LDA in terms of SLEQoL score or impaired QoL. Other factors associated with higher SLEQoL score were damage index (β 9.51, 95% CI 3.52–15.49, p = 0.002) and anemia (β 24.99, 95% CI 5.71–44.27, p = 0.01). Conclusion Prolonged CR and LDA are associated with better HRQoL in SLE patients and have a comparable effect. Prolonged CR or optional LDA may be used as the treatment goal of a treat to target approach in SLE.
Clinical Applicability of Ultrasound in Systemic Large Vessel Vasculitides

The systemic large vessel vasculitides consist mainly of giant cell arteritis and Takayasu arteritis. Both diseases affect the large blood vessels and can lead to ischemia and end‐organ damage. Ultrasound is an imaging technique that can depict inflammation of the vessel wall in large and medium vessel vasculitis. In this article, we critically review the current evidence for the clinical use of ultrasound for systemic large vessel vasculitides, regarding the clinical applicability, technical requirements, challenges, and cost. A roadmap for the development of a fast‐track ultrasound clinic for giant cell arteritis is also provided.
Ileal interposition surgery targets the hepatic TGF‐β pathway, influencing gluconeogenesis and mitochondrial bioenergetics in the UCD‐T2DM rat model of diabetes

Ileal interposition (IT) is a surgical procedure that increases the delivery of incompletely digested nutrients and biliary and pancreatic secretions to the distal intestinal mucosa. Here, we investigated the metabolic impact of this intervention in 2‐mo‐old prediabetic University of California, Davis type 2 diabetes mellitus rats by assessing liver gene expression at 1.5 mo post‐IT surgery. Pathway analysis indicated decreased signaling via TGF‐β/Smad (a family of proteins named mothers against decapentaplegic homologs), peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR), and PI3K‐Akt‐AMPK–mechanistic target of rapamycin, likely targeting hepatic stellate cells because differentiation and activation of these cells is associated with decreased signaling via PPAR and TGF‐β/Smad. IT surgery up‐regulated the expression of genes involved in regulation of cholesterol and terpenoid syntheses and down‐regulated those involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism [including cardiolipin (CL)], lipogenesis, and gluconeogenesis. Consistent with the down‐regulation of the hepatic CL pathway, IT surgery produced a metabolic switch in liver, kidney cortex, and fat depots toward decreased mitochondrial fatty acid β‐oxidation, the process required to fuel high energy–demanding pathways (e.g., gluconeogenesis and glyceroneogenesis), whereas opposite effects were observed in skeletal and cardiac muscles. This study demonstrates for the first time the presence of metabolic pathways that complement the effects of IT surgery to maximize its benefits and potentially identify similarly effective, durable, and less invasive therapeutic options for metabolic disease, including inhibitors of TGF‐β signaling. —Hung, C. , Napoli, E. , Ross‐Inta, C. , Graham, J., Flores‐Torres, A. L. , Stanhope, K. L. , Froment, P., Havel, P. J., Giulivi, C. Ileal interposition surgery targets the hepatic TGF‐β pathway, influencing gluconeogenesis and mitochondrial bioenergetics in the UCD‐T2DM rat model of diabetes. FASEB J. 33, 11270–11283 (2019). www.fasebj. org