Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Awareness about Management of Tooth Avulsion among General Dental Practitioners: A Questionnaire Based Study

Background: Traumatic injuries resulting in avulsion of tooth is common among children and sports personals. This study was planned to explore the awareness of general dental practitioners about the management of an avulsed tooth. Materials: and methods: This study consist of 148 general dental practitioners who responded to a questionnaire containing 09 validated questions exploring the awareness about the management of avulsion of tooth, which were distributed and the data was collected and entered into the database using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 22. Data were expressed in terms of frequencies and percentages. Results: Total 148 dental practitioners had answered the questionnaires. Most of the dental practitioners (73%) knew that the avulsed tooth should be saved. Thirty percent of the practitioners were aware of the various factors responsible for the outcome of the tooth replantation. Conclusion: As most of the dental practitioners lack the proper management protocol, there is need to increase the knowledge of the care of the avulsed tooth and its replantation.
IN TREATING DIFFERENT LEACHATE CONCENTRATIONS

Background: Leachate pollution is one of the main problems in landfilling, and researchers have yet to find an effective solution to this problem. The technology that can be used may differ based on the type of leachate produced. The most problematic parameters in leachate are chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia, and color. Material and Methods: The performance of ozone/Fenton in advanced oxidation process (AOPs) in treating stabilized leachate was investigated. The optimal dosages of Fenton reagent (0.05 mol L-1 (1,700 mg/L) H2O2 and 0.05 mol L-1 (2,800 mg/L) Fe2+) were determined through preliminary experiments and added to the leachate sample into the ozone reactor. The input ozone concentration in a 2 L leachate sample was 80 g/m3 NTP ± 0.5% under 1 bar pressure. The initial COD varied between 250 and 2360 mg/L, color varied between 470 Pt. Co. to 4530 Pt. Co., and NH3-N varied between 150 mg/l to 1170 mg/L. Results: the maximum removal efficiency was 87% for COD, 100% for color, and 22% for NH3–N at lowest leachate concentration. The lowest amount of consumed ozone (1.28 KgO3/ Kg COD) corresponded to the initial concentration of COD (2000 mg/L) with 60% removal of COD during 1 h ozonation. The biodegradability (BOD5/COD) improved from 0.09 in raw leachate to 0.27 at 500 mg/L initial COD. Conclusion: The current study revealed that the use of ozone/Fenton (O3/H2O2/Fe2+) in AOPs is more efficient in removing COD and color in low concentrations of semi-aerobic stabilized leachate and in improving biodegradability.
Effect of Dennettia Tripetala Powder and Reduced Rates of Pirimiphos-Methyl Singly and Combined in Management of Callosobruchus Maculatus (F.) [Coleoptera: Bruchidae]

Dennettia tripetala powder and reduced rates of pirimiphos-methyl dust were tested on cowpea against C. maculatus for their effective management. The study was conducted under ambient conditions of 250C – 280C and 65% - 75% relative humidity in the laboratory for a period of 3 months. Powder of D. tripetala and dust of pirimiphos-methyl were tested sole at 0.4g and 0.1g per 20g of cowpea seeds respectively while various combinations at 0.2g DT + 0.05g PM, 0.2g DT+ 0.025g PM, and 0.2g DT + 0.0013g PM were also tested on 20g of cowpea seed. D. tripetala powder was more effective at 0.4g when applied singly. Adult mortality of more than 80% occurred in less than 3 days. It also caused a significant reduction in oviposition, adult emergence and weight loss after emergence. Effect of sole application of pirimiphos-methyl dust at 0.1g per 20g of cowpea seed was less when compared with 0.4g of D. tripetala. The combined treatments of D. tripetala and pirimiphosmethyl slightly reduce adult emergence and weight loss. This study revealed better performance of D. tripetala powder when applied singly over reduced rates or even when combined with pirimiphos-methyl against cowpea seed beetle.
1 The extension of computer based assessment acceptance model with perceived importance

This study identifies the constructs that influence learners’ behavioral intention to use a Computer Based Assessment (CBA). It extends the Computer Based Assessment Acceptance Model (CBAAM) by taking into consideration the Perceived Importance construct. An appropriate survey questionnaire was completed by 45 male and 72 female students. Results confirm the previous studies regarding the CBA’s acceptance. In addition, they show a direct positive effect of Perceived Importance on learners’ Behavioral Intention to use CBA. The extended CBAAM with the Perceived Importance is improved since it explains 52% of the variance of Behavioural Intention. These findings are useful for researchers and educators since it is the first time that Perceived Importance is introduced in an acceptance model regarding CBA.
Multistep collocation method for nonlinear delay integral equations

The main purpose of this paper is to study the numer- ical solution of nonlinear Volterra integral equations with constant delays, based on the multistep collocation method. These meth- ods for approximating the solution in each subinterval are obtained by xed number of previous steps and xed number of colloca- tion points in current and next subintervals. Also, we analyze the convergence of the multistep collocation method when used to ap- proximate smooth solutions of delay integral equations. Finally, numerical results are given showing a marked improvement in com- parison with exact solution.
Social Media and the Activist Toolkit: User Agreements, Corporate Interests, and the Information Infrastructure of Modern Social Movements

The uprisings in Tunisia, Egypt, and elsewhere have been credited in part to the creative use of social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter. Yet the information policies of the firms behind social media can inhibit activists and empower authoritarian regimes. Analysis of Facebook’s response to Egypt’s ‘‘We Are All Khaled Said’’ group, YouTube’s policy exemption for videos coming from Syria, Moroccan loyalist response to the online presence of atheists, and the activities of the Syrian Electronic Army illustrate how prohibitions on anonymity, community policing practices, campaigns from regime loyalists, and counterinsurgency tactics work against democracy advocates. These problems arise from the design and governance challenges facing large-scale, revenue-seeking social media enterprises. Social media platforms are utilized extensively by activists in a variety of political systems. Their role in the evolution of events during the ‘‘Arab Spring’’ has been widely discussed, but it is also important to recognize that social media are used to serve the political goals of reformers, revolutionaries, and authoritarian regimes alike. At the same time, Facebook, Google, Twitter, and the other firms must view social media in commercial terms as products and services with customers and users. In this article we examine four cases in which social media design and policies created tensions between the sociopolitical uses by activists and the commercial interests of the platform owners. Information technologies have become indispensable to reformers, revolutionaries, and contemporary democracy movements. They serve as venues for the shared expression of dissent, dissemination of information, and collective action. In the
Bioactivity of Alstonia boonei De Wild leaf alkaloid on the growth and development of Maruca vitrata Fab.

The bioactivity of Alstonia boonei De Wild leaf alkaloid was tested under laboratory bioassay against the legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata Fabricius. The alkaloid was incorporated into standard M. vitrata artificial diet at five doses [0.00 % (Control), 0.02 %, 0.05 %, 0.10 % and 0.20 %], and fed to the newly emerged first instar M. vitrata larvae in plastic wells under laboratory conditions. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were recorded in the larval survival, wet and dry weights of the larvae at ten days after infestation (DAI). Mean larval survival ranged from 34.78 to 65.00 percent in the treatments with the alkaloid compared with 91.67 percent in the control. At 15 DAI, all the survivors in the control had pupated normally compared with the 4.34 to 35.00 percent pupation (with various levels of deformity) in the treatments with the alkaloid. The mean percentage adult emergence was also significantly different in the control (83.33 %) compared with the other treatments (range 0.00 to 10.00 %). These results indicate a high level of bioactivity of A. boonei leaf alkaloid against M. vitrata. It is concluded that the alkaloid has a great potential in the search for bioactive compounds for the management of the insect. MS History:25.9. 2013 (Received)-28.10.2013 (Revised)-15.11. 2013 (Accepted)
Diet Quality, Child Health, and Food Policies in Developing Countries

Although the importance of diet quality for improving child health is widely recognized, the roles of environmental factors and the absorption of nutrients for children's physical growth and morbidity have not been adequately integrated into a policy framework. Moreover, nutrient intakes gradually affect child health, so it is helpful to use alternative tools to evaluate short-term interventions versus long-term food policies. This article emphasizes the role of diet quality reflected in the intake of nutrients such as protein, calcium, and iron for children's physical growth. Vitamins A and C are important for reducing morbidity. Children's growth and morbidity affect their cognitive development, which is critical for the future supply of skilled labor and economic growth. Evidence on these issues from countries such as Bangladesh, India, Kenya, the Philippines, and Tanzania is summarized. The supply of nutritious foods is appraised from the viewpoint of improving diet quality. Finally, the roles of educational campaigns and indirect taxes on unhealthy processed foods consumed by the affluent in developing countries are discussed.
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of Salvia tomentosa Mill. essential oil

Chemical composition and bioactivity of essential oil from Salvia tomentosa Mill. natively grown in Bulgaria were investigated. GC-MS analysis identified 60 compounds which represented 98% of the oil constituents. The prevalent constituents were monoterpenes with eight dominant compounds being identified: borneol (10.3%), β-pinene (9%), camphor (7.9%), α-pinene (6%), camphene (4%), 1.8-cineole (3.8%), α-limonene (3.5%) and β-caryophyllene (3%). The essential oil showed considerable acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (IC50=0.28±0.06 µg/mL), comparable with that of galanthamine. Study of antioxidant activity strongly suggested that the hydrogen atom transfer reaction was preferable over the electron transfer (ORAC=175.0±0.40 µM Trolox equivalents/g oil and FRAP=1.45±0.21 mM Trolox equivalents/g oil). The essential oil showed moderate antifungal and antibacterial activities against Candida albicans and Gram-positive bacteria, whereas it was almost inactive against the investigated Gram-negative strains. The results suggested that the essential oil of Bulgarian S. tomentosa could be considered as a prospective active ingredient for prevention of oxidative stress-related and neurodegenerative disorders in aromatherapy. Because of the high antioxidant capacity, the oil could be considered as natural supplement or antioxidant in cosmetics and food products.
The Australian corporate closet: Why it's still so full!

ABSTRACT Research into discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation and identity is becoming increasingly relevant in the workplace. Discrimination in the form of heterosexism of LGBT employees continues to be a problem. The aim of this study was to design a model to better understand the antecedents and outcomes of workplace heterosexist discrimination in Australia. Using a structural equation modelling framework, the relationship between these variables was used to predict the well-being of employees in the Australian labor market. Well-being was measured in the form of psychological well-being, job satisfaction, satisfaction with life, and mental health. The study indicated that disclosure and concealment of sexual orientation in the Australian workplace are not significantly affected by direct and indirect heterosexism. The study demonstrates that organizational support plays a large role in influencing the type of heterosexism which is present in the Australian workplace. The study indicated that when organizational support for LGBT employees is promoted in the form of policies and activities endorsing these policies, direct heterosexist behaviors decrease but indirect heterosexist behaviors increase. This relationship was completely mediated by direct and indirect heterosexism.
Recommender system performance evaluation and prediction an information retrieval perspective

Personalised recommender systems aim to help users access and retrieve relevant information or items from large collections, by automatically finding and suggesting products or services of likely interest based on observed evidence of the users‟ pref- erences. For many reasons, user preferences are difficult to guess, and therefore re- commender systems have a considerable variance in their success ratio in estimating the user‟s tastes and interests. In such a scenario, self-predicting the chances that a recommendation is accurate before actually submitting it to a user becomes an inter- esting capability from many perspectives. Performance prediction has been studied in the context of search engines in the Information Retrieval field, but there is little if any prior research of this problem in the recommendation domain. This thesis investigates the definition and formalisation of performance predic- tion methods for recommender systems. Specifically, we study adaptations of search performance predictors from the Information Retrieval field, and propose new pre- dictors based on theories and models from Information Theory and Social Graph Theory. We show the instantiation of information-theoretical performance predic- tion methods on both rating and access log data, and the application of social-based predictors to social network structures. Recommendation performance prediction is a relevant problem per se, because of its potential application to many uses. Thus, we primarily evaluate the quality of the proposed solutions in terms of the correlation between the predicted and the observed performance on test data. This assessment requires a clear recommender evaluation methodology against which the predictions can be contrasted. Given that the evaluation of recommender systems is an open area to a significant extent, the thesis addresses the evaluation methodology as a part of the researched problem. We analyse how the variations in the evaluation procedure may alter the apparent behav- iour of performance predictors, and we propose approaches to avoid misleading ob- servations. In addition to the stand-alone assessment of the proposed predictors, we re- search the use of the predictive capability in the context of one of its common appli- cations, namely the dynamic adjustment of recommendation methods and compo- nents. We research approaches where the combination leans towards the algorithm or the component that is predicted to perform best in each case, aiming to enhance the performance of the resulting dynamic configuration. The thesis reports positive empirical evidence confirming both a significant predictive power for the proposed methods in different experiments, and consistent improvements in the performance of dynamic recommenders employing the proposed predictors.
Staff Incentive Policies for Credit Officers : An analysis of their heterogeneous effects on productivity *

This paper examines how changes in monetary staff incentive contracts affect the productivity of credit officers within microfinance institutions. We analyze a panel data set comprised of various productivity indicators at the credit officer level from five microfinance institutions in Peru, each of which increased the power of their incentive scheme. In each institution, the variable portion of the salary which is tied to productivity indicators was increased. Although the increases in the power of the incentives improved productivity, the performance of a large proportion of employees was unaffected. Two major reasons for this lack of response among some employees are the existence of non-linearities in the contract design and differences across the geographic areas in which credit officers operate. The results do not find a negative substitution between the two primary dimensions of the incentive contract: quantity of portfolio and quality of portfolio, but there is evidence of a negative substitution effect away from poorer clients.
RUNNING HEAD : INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN READING COMPREHENSION 1 Reading comprehension : Individual differences , disorders , and underlying cognitive processes

Poor readers are classified as dyslexic readers when they show poor below age-average reading comprehension in the absence of general cognitive deficits. However, a diagnosis of dyslexia based on this definition bears no information about the cause of the individual reading deficit or the kind and extent of required intervention. Identifying the specific cause and severity of reading comprehension problems is essential to create adequate and target-oriented intervention programs for poor readers. This chapter provides an overview of the cognitive processes underlying reading comprehension and discusses how reading disorders can be characterized in terms of deficits in phonological recoding, orthographical decoding, access to word meanings, syntactic and semantic integration, and establishing local and global coherence. We conclude that ‘the’ dyslexic reader defined by one specific cognitive deficit is a misconception. Instead, the sources and symptoms of reading disability are multifaceted and heterogeneous, and the individual pattern of deficits needs to be considered when planning remediation and intervention programs.
Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer point-source detection and optical extinction in powerful narrow-line radio galaxies

We present the analysis of infrared HST and Spitzer data for a sample of 13 FRII radio galaxies at 0.03<z<0.11 that are classified as narrow-line radio galaxies (NLRG). In the context of the unified schemes for active galactic nuclei (AGN), our direct view of the AGN in NLRG is impeded by a parsec-scale dusty torus structure. Our high resolution infrared observations provide new information about the degree of extinction induced by the torus, and the incidence of obscured AGN in NLRG. We find that the point-like nucleus detection rate increases from 25 per cent at 1.025$\mu$m, to 80 per cent at 2.05$\mu$m, and to 100 per cent at 8.0$\mu$m. This supports the idea that most NLRG host an obscured AGN in their centre. We estimate the extinction from the obscuring structures using X-ray, near-IR and mid-IR data. We find that the optical extinction derived from the 9.7$\mu$m silicate absorption feature is consistently lower than the extinction derived using other techniques. This discrepancy challenges the assumption that all the mid-infrared emission of NLRG is extinguished by a simple screen of dust at larger radii. This disagreement can be explained in terms of either weakening of the silicate absorption feature by (i) thermal mid-IR emission from the narrow-line region, (ii) non-thermal emission from the base of the radio jets, or (iii) by direct warm dust emission that leaks through a clumpy torus without suffering major attenuation.
Running head: DUTCH SUBTITLE FREQUENCIES

A new database of Dutch word frequencies based on film and television subtitles is presented and validated with a lexical decision study involving fourteen thousand monosyllabic and disyllabic Dutch words. The new SUBTLEX frequencies explain up to 10% more variance in accuracies and reaction times of the lexical decision task than the existing CELEX word frequency norms, which are largely based on edited texts. As in English, an accessibility measure based on contextual diversity explains more of the variance in accuracy and RT than the raw frequency of occurrence counts. The database is freely available for research purposes. Running head: DUTCH SUBTITLE FREQUENCIES
'Don't Look Now' - Masculinities, Altruistic Fear and the Spectre of Self: When, Why and How Men Fear for Others

: This article draws on the contentious concept of the fear of crime and in particular focuses on two factors which, it is argued, have been afforded insufficient consideration in the „fear of crime‟ debate, those of gender and age, and uses them to examine a form of „fear‟ that has also been neglected; that of „altruistic‟ fear. Based on data from a qualitative study with men and boys the article argues that the concept of a gendered selfhood is fundamental to understanding how men worry about other people. The traditional conceptualisation of altruistic fears is thereby contested and suggestions are made for a new conceptualisation of fears which involve others.
More inequality , more viscosity ? Intergenerational mobility in Europe and the US

The popularity of the so-called Great Gatsby Curve (GGC, Blanden 2013, Corak 2013, Torche 2015) that describes a strong macro relation between income inequality (Gini) and intergenerational earnings elasticity is demonstrated by the increasing number of studies investigating this relationship. Still, the exact mechanism underlying the association between income inequality and intergenerational immobility is not yet well understood (McCall and Percheski 2010: 339). This study will contribute (a) to filling this gap by complementing the “economic” income-based regressions approach with a “sociological” classbased categorical modelling approach (Xie 2003; Pisati’s unidiff model, Pisati and Schizzerotto 2004) and (b) to test the robustness of the Great Gatsby Curve by proposing an innovative methodological approach. Applying this approach can be useful for the current methodological debate on imputation methods (typically two sample two stages least squares TSTSLS) that could produce upward-biased intergenerational elasticities, leading to an overestimation GGC relation. To avoid this bias, we use a new measure of elasticity net of Gini (logit rank of income) to reproduce the GGC with a more robust approach. Besides, concerns about international comparability of the methods used have been raised; our approach is imputed in the context of a multilevel random slope model where the country-specific slopes (BLUPS Best Linear Unbiased Predictor) are identified as a measure of socioeconomic reproduction. A third, empirical contribution of this paper lies using a harmonised methods across countries and in widening the evidence base by including a large set of counties not included in previous publications: In additional to the US (PSID), we included 26 European countries (EU Survey on Income and Living Conditions, EU-SILC, module 2005 and 2011 on Intergenerational transmission of poverty/disadvantage). The results confirm our expectations. First, the results based on a Gini-neutral measure are more modest in terms of explained variance of the GGC but are strong and significant: the economic tradition although the association between 1 University of Luxembourg. Corresponding author: Louis.Chauvel@uni.lu