Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A METHODOLOGY FOR MODELING STRESS CORROSION CRACKING WITH AN EXAMPLE

Stress corrosion cracking is a nuclear, power, petrochemical, and other industries equipments and components (like pressure vessels, nozzles, tubes, accessories) life degradation mode, involving fragile fracture. The stress corrosion cracking failures can produce serious accidents, and incidents which can put on risk the safety, reliability, and efficiency of involved industrials plants. These failures are of very complex prediction. This is due to the many parameters, which this cracking process depends, such as micro-structural type (grain boundary microchemistry, thermal treatments, grain size, cold work and plastic deformation), mechanical (residual stress, applied stress, strain and strain rate), and environmental (temperature, pH, environment chemical composition, hydrogen partial pressure, electrochemical potential). These parameters determine the thermodynamic conditions which are necessaries to initiate and to grow cracking, through the dissolution rate proportional to anodic current density combined with the mechanical action of stress and strain. One presents in this paper a methodology for modeling the stress corrosion cracking, which consists in: a) data collecting for material which can be through essays in SSRT (slow strain rate test) or CL (constant load); b) determination of corrosion mode of stress corrosion thermodynamic propensity which can be done over a Pourbaix (potential vs. pH) diagram considering the material and environment; c) superimposition of an adequate initiation and growing model to describe the process kinetics; d) these kinetic models can be chose in some of the main applicable for the case study components (control rod displacement nozzles) made and welded with nickel alloys (alloys 600,182, and 82) from PWR (pressurized water reactor) nuclear reactor ́s pressure vessels. The environment is primary water at high temperature (about 300o C); e) these main models are: slip-step dissolution and film rupture model; creep models; internal oxidation model; corrosion enhanced by plastic deformation models; creep damage models; and empirical-probabilistic phenomenological models; f) preliminary results are showed departing of experimental data obtained in the SSRT equipment of CDTN-Nuclear Technology Development Center, localized in Belo Horizonte-MG; g) it follows a discussion, h) conclusion and
Physical and chemical stability of docetaxel infusions in polyolef in bags containing 0.9% sodium chloride or 5% glucose at 5°C and 25°C

Study objectives: To investigate the long-term physical and chemical stability of 0.3 mg/mL and 0.7 mg/mL infusions of docetaxel (Teva) in polyolefin bags containing either 0.9% sodium chloride or 5% glucose, stored under refrigerated (2°C–8°C) and room temperature (25°C) conditions protected from the light. Methods: The infusions were prepared aseptically and stored at the two temperatures for 56 days. At various time points, chemical stability was determined using a validated stability-indicating, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay. Physical stability was ascertained in terms of visual appearance, pH, weight change of infusions, and sub-visible particles counts. Results: Irrespective of drug concentration, diluent type, or storage temperature, docetaxel infusions were compliant with both physical and chemical acceptance criteria over the 56-day study period. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated the extended stability of docetaxel (Teva) infusions over the concentration range 0.3–0.7 mg/mL in polyolefin bags containing either 0.9% sodium chloride or 5% glucose and stored at either 2°C–8°C or 25°C. These findings will enable pre-preparation and storage of these infusions by Centralised Intravenous Additive Services (CIVAS) units and the application of dose-banding schemes. As with all infusions where physical stability is potentially limited, docetaxel infusions should be carefully inspected for precipitation both before and during use irrespective of the storage period before use.
Modeling and simulation of PE100 pipe response under transient events caused by pump failure

In this work, the response of a PE100 pipe under transient events following pump failure is numerically investigated. The developed numerical model was based on the generalized Kelvin-Voigt model and the Vitkovsky et al. formulation. The method of characteristics (MOC) was used for numerical discretization. The relevance of an unsteady friction term in the pressure wave damping was analyzed. Pressure and circumferential stress responses indicated high rates in the pressure waves damping for the PE100 pipe. Through a parametric study, it was shown that the HDPE pipe may serve in damping and dispersing pressure waves without the need for additional protection devices.
Epidemiology of pediatric skin diseases in the mid-western anatolian region of Turkey

Background: The field of pediatric dermatology has gained importance with the increment of pediatric patients and the discrepancy of their skin diseases with the adult versions. We aimed to describe frequency and distribution of pediatric skin diseases, and the diagnostic procedures and treatments prescribed. Methods: Cross-sectional epidemiological study. We collected data about diagnostic patterns, diagnostic methods and treatment modalities in pediatric dermatology outpatient clinic visits over 18 months. Results: Infectious diseases (27.9%) and among them viral warts (17.5%) were the most prevalent diagnoses, followed by acne-acneiform diseases (19.9%) and allergic diseases (14.5%). Among the diagnostic tests histopathology was required in 5.2%, usually to diagnose inflammatory and tumoral lesions. Topical treatments (49.3%) were followed by systemic treatments (32.4%) in majority of cases. Conclusions: Viral warts were among the most common dermatoses, and preventive measures for HPV transmission should become important
Characteristics of Online Social Services Sharing Long Duration Content

Recent advances in web technologies have brought a boom in online social services. Online social services encompass a broad spectrum of how to cater to varying web users’ interests, social content sharing being one of them. Studies show that users of social content sharing services tend to focus on the items themselves, rather than communicating with others at all. Unlike social networking services, which generally exhibit a healthy degree of user interaction, user interaction within social content sharing services shows much variation, from nonexistent to very active. Consumption time of target content has also shown to be an important factor in determining the various features of content sharing services. In this paper, we analyze social cataloging services and compare them to the YouTube network in [1], to figure out the characteristics of networks which contain content that requires a considerable amount of time to fully digest, such as films or books. We find that our dataset shows a higher level of homophily, reciprocity, and a lower level of assortativity than those of the YouTube network. Furthermore, we study features that affect users’ selection of new items. Our results show that interest similarity matter, the genre of books in particular.
Effect of feeding different levels of Tridax procumbens Meal on the Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Blood Profile of Growing Cockerel

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of feeding different levels of Tridax procumbens leaf meal on the performance and blood profile of growing cockerels. Experimental parameters covered growth performance, nutrient retention, carcass dressing percentage, some heamatological and blood serum analysis. One hundred and twenty, four weeks Isa white cockerels were randomly divided into four treatments groups with three replicates, each of ten birds in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Group 1 was fed basal diet without T. procumbens leaf meal (TPLM), Group 2, 3 and 4 were fed basal diets supplemented with TPLM at levels of 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% respectively. The basal diet was formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of growing birds according to NRC (1994), the experiment lasted for 90 days and the results obtained showed that there were no significant at P>0.05 differences among all treatments in the values of final live weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, nutrient retention, carcass dressing percentage. Results for heamatology showed that white blood cell counts were significantly (P<0.05) affected with the inclusion of T. procumbens leaf meal, SGPT and SGOT were the only parameters that were also significantly different during serum analysis. No mortality was recorded throughout the experimental period. Results obtained from this study showed that T. procumbens leaf meal is a good source of plant protein and its inclusion at 0.6% level does not have any deleterious effect on the general performance and health status of cockerels.
CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF CUTANEOUS PYTHIOSIS IN EQUIDAE / Contribuição ao estudo da pitiose cutânea em equideos do Pantanal Norte, Brasil.

Estudo clinico, epidemiologico e terapeutico da pitiose em equideos e relatado em tres rebanhos distribuidos no Pantanal Norte de Mato Grosso. O diagnostico de pitiose foi confirmado por exames patologicos e sorologicos. Animais enfermos foram submetidos a imunoterapia como tratamento base. O monitoramento dos casos tratados de pitiose foi realizado por um periodo de tres anos. Os dados clinicos e epidemiologicos em sua maioria apresentam similitude com outras regioes. De um total de dez animais tratados, a imunoterapia se mostrou eficaz na cura cabal de 70% dos casos e associando a cirurgia em 90%, sendo uma alternativa de tratamento exequivel em animais de campo. SUMMARY Clinical and epidemiological study of pythiosis in the Equidae family is reported in three herds from the Northern region of Pantanal, Mato Grosso. The diagnosis of pythiosis was confirmed by pathological examinations and serological tests. Sick animals were submitted to immunotherapy as basis treatment. Clinical and epidemiological data mostly showed similarity with other regions. From a total of ten treated animals, immunotherapy was effective with complete cure in 70% of the cases, and when associated to surgery reached 90%, being a feasible choice of treatment for animals in the field.
Base Flow Due to Groundwater Discharge Indicator

Ecosystem Objective Base flow due to the discharge of groundwater to the rivers and inland lakes and wetlands of the Great Lakes basin is a significant and often major component of stream flow, particularly during low flow periods. Base flow frequently satisfies flow, level, and temperature requirements for aquatic species and habitat. Water supplies and the capacity of surface water to assimilate wastewater discharge are also dependent on base flow. Base flow due to groundwater discharge is therefore critical to the maintenance of water quantity and quality and the integrity of aquatic species and habitat.
S0950268818003461jra 1..12

We investigated the distribution of comorbidities among adult tuberculosis (TB) patients in Chiapas, the poorest Mexican state, with a high presence of indigenous population, and a corridor for migrants from Latin America. Secondary analysis on 5508 new adult TB patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 revealed that the most prevalent comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (DM; 19.1%) and undernutrition (14.4%). The prevalence of DM in these TB patients was significantly higher among middle aged (41–64 years) compared with older adults (⩾65 years) (38.6% vs. 23.2%; P < 0.0001). The prevalence of undernutrition was lower among those with DM, and higher in communities with high indigenous presence. Immigrants only comprised 2% of all TB cases, but were more likely to have unfavourable TB treatment outcomes (treatment failure, death and default) when compared with those born in Chiapas (29.5% vs. 11.1%; P < 0.05). Unfavourable TB outcomes were also more prevalent among the TB patients with undernutrition, HIV or older age, but not DM (P < 0.05). Our study in Chiapas illustrates the challenges of other regions worldwide where social (e.g. indigenous origin, poverty, migration) and host factors (DM, undernutrition, HIV, older age) are associated with TB. Further understanding of these critical factors will guide local policy makers and health providers to improve TB management.
AHMT_A_175765 75..82

1Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; 2University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; 3Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy; 4Neonatology Unit, Department of Maternal and Child Health, Del Ponte Hospital, Varese, Italy; 5Paediatric Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy; 6Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; 7Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; 8School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston Brain Centre, Aston University, Birmingham, UK; 9Department of Neuropsychiatry, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust (BSMHFT) and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; 10Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology and University College London, London, UK Abstract: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized
Impact of interest rate differentials on market capitalization in Pakistan: An empirical analysis

The current study finds out the impact of interest rate differentials on capital market. The difference between lending rate and deposit rate has been on the growing for previous few years which affects the saving behavior and investment behavior and growth of capital market. We have estimated that how interest rate factors influence the capital market of the Pakistani economy. The secondary data covering from 1975 to 2013 is collected. We have employed auto regressive distributed lags method (ARDL) for estimation. Different variables are used such as inflation, exchange rate, trade openness, money supply, indirect taxes and gross domestic product. This study finds that interest rate differentials is negatively related with market capitalization but positively related with savings and investment. However, it is also observed that factors such as inflation, exchange rate and indirect taxes are highly significant. This study concludes that interest rate difference is a key determinant of market capitalization in Pakistan. Such findings may imply that decreasing the interest rate differentials could be used as a vehicle for achieving long-term growth of capital market in Pakistan’s case.
Grain type offered to lactating cows during a heat challenge affects forage consumption

Eighteen second lactation Holstein-Friesian cows (mean ± s.d.; 20.7 ± 2.41 L/day milk, 558 ± 37.0 kg bodyweight) were allocated to one of two dietary treatments. Cows were individually offered 14 kg DM chopped lucerne hay plus 6 kg DM/day of crushed wheat (WHT) or crushed corn (CRN). Treatment groups were balanced for body weight and milk yield. Dry matter intake (DMI) of hay and grain, milk yield and milk composition were measured for a 7-d baseline period at ambient conditions and a 4-day heat challenge. The temperature humidity index for the heat challenge ranged from 74 to 84 in individual controlled-climate chambers. Mean data for baseline and heat challenge were subjected to ANCOVA separately for each period. There were no treatment differences in total DMI, milk yield or composition during the baseline period. During the heat challenge, CRN cows had greater greater intake of hay (11.5 vs. 9.9 ± 0.56 kg, P = 0.016) but not grain (5.9 vs. 5.9 ± 0.07 kg, P = 0.441) compared to the WHT cows. There was no difference in milk production due to treatment. Changing the concentrate type offered to lactating cows may improve forage consumption during periods of hot weather. Additional keywords heat stress; nutrition; dairy cow; intake Introduction Lactating dairy cows are among the most susceptible of all domesticated production animals to the negative impacts of hot weather (Collier et al. 1982; Kadzere et al. 2002). This is an important issue for the Australian dairy industry with future climate scenarios predicting hotter and more variable climates (Forster et al. 2007). Reduced feed intake partly explains the biological mechanism by which heat stress impacts milk production (Bernabucci et al. 2010). Pair feeding experiments have shown that between 35% (Rhoads et al. 2009) and 50% (Wheelock et al. 2010) of the reduction in milk yield induced by heat stress is attributed to reduced nutrient intake. Other major factors are either poorly understood or not yet identified. Dry matter intake can be modified by the nature and amount of feed consumed. The rate and extent of fermentation of a feed impacts heat production and VFA utilization (MacRae and Lobely, 1982). Feeds such as corn grain have a slow rate of ruminal degradation while wheat grain is rapidly degraded in the rumen (Offner et al. 2003). Moate et al. (2018) reported greater dry matter intakes and greater milk production in cows fed
Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Health of Older Americans

Older Americans, even the oldest, can now expect to live years longer than those who reached the same ages even a few decades ago. Although survival has improved for all racial and ethnic groups, strong differences persist, both in life expectancy and in the causes of disability and death at older ages. This book examines trends in mortality rates and selected causes of disability (cardiovascular disease, dementia) for older people of different racial and ethnic groups. The determinants of these trends and differences are also investigated, including differences in access to health care and experiences in early life, diet, health behaviors, genetic background, social class, wealth and income. Groups often neglected in analyses of national data, such as the elderly Hispanic and Asian Americans of different origin and immigrant generations, are compared. The volume provides understanding of research bearing on the health status and survival of the fastest-growing segment of the American population.
EFFECT OF FEEDING RATIONS SUPPLEMENTED WITH CHAMOMILE FLOWERS AND DRIED YEAST ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF SHEEP

This work was carried out on ewes and born kids to investigate the effect of feeding concentrate feed mixtures supplemented with dried Yeast or Matricaria chamomile on body weight changes, nutrients digestibility's, nutritive values of tested diets and growth performance of growing lambs. Some rumen fermentation parameters and blood constituents as well as economical efficiency were studied. Forty pregnant crossbred ewes (l/2 Fin. X l/2 Rahmani) at late pregnancy (2 months before lambing) with an average body weight of 53.50 + 0.84 Kg and age of 2 years were used in this study. Ewes were distributed into four similar groups (10 ewes each group) and were randomly fed the four experimental rations as follows: Ration (T1): Consisted of concentrate feed mixture (control). Ration (T2): Consisted of concentrate feed mixture supplemented with 50 mg dried yeast/Kg L.B. W/day. Ration (T3): Consisted of concentrate feed mixture supplemented with 50 mg Matricaria chamomile (M.C)/Kg L.B. W/day. Ration (T4): Consisted of concentrate feed mixture supplemented with 100 mg Matricala chamomile (M.C)/Kg L.B. W/day. Wheat straw was offered at 1 % from live body weight as a sole source of roughage for all groups. After lambing, newly born male and female lambs were taken to study growth performance (12 lambs from each group, 6 males and 6 females) with an average live body weight of 19-20 Kg and were fed the same rations of their dams. Results obtained revealed that using dry yeast or chamomile as feed additive for growing lambs lead to increase most nutrients digestibility compared to the control ration. Moreover, feeding value expressed as TDN and DCP appeared to be higher (p < 0.05) with tested rations, being 52.63, 56.03, 55.17 and 56.26 % TDN for rations T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Corresponding values of DCP % were 10.55, 11.79, 10.66 and 11.51 %, respectively. Average daily gains of lambs were 122. 30, 140.82, 140.38 and 127g/day for animals fed T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Animals fed tested rations gained 15.14, 14.78 and 4.62 on advantage with rations T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Feed efficiency expressed as Kg TDN/Kg gain were 5.64, 5.09, 5.40 and 5.78 Kg TDN/Kg gain for animals fed rations T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively, being the best for the group fed ration T2 ( supplemented with dry yeast ). The results also showed that the average of feed cost to produce 1 Kg live body weight were 6.18, 5.50, 5.44, and 6.08 Egyptian Pounds, for groups fed rations T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Consequently, ration T3 attained the cheapest cost to give one Kg gain. The Economic efficiency improved by 20.25, 22.78 and 3.16% for groups fed ration T2, T3, and T4 respectively compared with group fed the control ration.
Miss Detection vs. False Alarm: Adversarial Learning for Small Object Segmentation in Infrared Images

A key challenge of infrared small object segmentation (ISOS) is to balance miss detection (MD) and false alarm (FA). This usually needs ``opposite'' strategies to suppress the two terms, and has not been well resolved in the literature. In this paper, we propose a deep adversarial learning framework to improve this situation. Departing from the tradition of jointly reducing MD and FA via a single objective, we decompose this difficult task into two sub-tasks handled by two models trained adversarially, with each focusing on reducing either MD or FA. Such a new design brings forth at least three advantages. First, as each model focuses on a relatively simpler sub-task, the overall difficulty of ISOS is somehow decreased. Second, the adversarial training of the two models naturally produces a delicate balance of MD and FA, and low rates for both MD and FA could be achieved at Nash equilibrium. Third, this MD-FA detachment gives us more flexibility to develop specific models dedicated to each sub-task. To realize the above design, we propose a conditional Generative Adversarial Network comprising of two generators and one discriminator. Each generator strives for one sub-task, while the discriminator differentiates the three segmentation results from the two generators and the ground truth. Moreover, in order to better serve the sub-tasks, the two generators, based on context aggregation networks, utilzse different size of receptive fields, providing both local and global views of objects for segmentation. As verified on multiple infrared image data sets, our method consistently achieves better segmentation than many state-of-the-art ISOS methods.
Graduates' Degree of Satisfaction with the MA Program in Teaching English as Foreign Language at the University of Costa Rica

This article analyzes the degree of satisfaction with the Master's Program in Teaching English as a Foreign Language of 41 graduates. This study concludes that they are highly satisfied with the knowledge gained in the program. Moreover, this article provides insight as to possible changes needed to successfully meet the demands of the country for English language teaching.