Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Venom Proteome of Spine-Bellied Sea Snake (Hydrophis curtus) from Penang, Malaysia: Toxicity Correlation, Immunoprofiling and Cross-Neutralization by Sea Snake Antivenom

The venom proteome of Hydrophis curtus (synonym: Lapemis hardwickii) from Penang, Malaysia was investigated with nano-electrospray ionization-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-LCMS/MS) of the reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) venom fractions. Thirty distinct protein forms were identified as toxins from ten families. The three major protein families were phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂, 62.0% of total venom proteins), three-finger toxin (3FTX, 26.33%) and cysteine-rich secretory protein (CRiSP, 9.00%). PLA₂ comprises diverse homologues (11 forms), predominantly the acidic subtypes (48.26%). 3FTX composed of one short alpha-neurotoxin (SNTX, 22.89%) and four long alpha-neurotoxins (LNTX, 3.44%). Both SNTX and LNTX were lethal in mice (intravenous LD50 = 0.10 and 0.24 μg/g, respectively) but the PLA₂ were non-lethal (LD50 >1 μg/g). The more abundant and toxic SNTX appeared to be the main driver of venom lethality (holovenom LD50 = 0.20 μg/g). The heterologous Sea Snake Antivenom (SSAV, Australia) effectively cross-neutralized the venom (normalized potency = 9.35 mg venom neutralized per g antivenom) and the two neurotoxins in vivo, with the LNTX being neutralized more effectively (normalized potency = 3.5 mg toxin/g antivenom) than SNTX (normalized potency = 1.57 mg/g). SSAV immunorecognition was strong toward PLA₂ but moderate-to-weak toward the alpha-neurotoxins, indicating that neutralization of the alpha-neurotoxins should be further improved.
Major Bleeding Rates in Atrial Fibrillation Patients on Single, Dual, or Triple Antithrombotic Therapy: Results From a Nationwide Danish Cohort Study

Background: Patients with atrial fibrillation generally require anticoagulant therapy and, at times, therapy with additional platelet aggregation inhibitors. Data are scarce on bleeding rates in high-risk groups receiving combination therapy, such as the elderly or patients with a high CHA2DS2-VASc score. Methods: We conducted a nationwide cohort study of Danish patients with atrial fibrillation ≥50 years of age. Treatments were ascertained from a prescription database. These included no anticoagulant treatment, and treatment with vitamin K antagonists, direct oral anticoagulants, platelet inhibitors, and combinations of antithrombotic drugs. Incidence rates (IRs) of major bleeding and hazard ratios were estimated overall, and also stratified by treatment modality, age, CHA2DS2-VASc score, and comorbidity. Major bleeding was defined as bleeding requiring hospitalization or causing death. Results: We identified 272 315 patients with atrial fibrillation. Median age was 75 years (interquartile range, 67–83) and 47% were women. Over a total follow-up period of 1 373 131 patient-years (PYs), 31 459 major bleeds occurred (IR 2.3/100 PYs; 95% CI, 2.3–2.3/100 PYs). In comparison with vitamin K antagonist monotherapy, adjusted hazard ratios of major bleeding were 1.13 (95% CI, 1.06–1.19) for dual antiplatelet therapy, 1.82 (95% CI, 1.76–1.89) for therapy with a vitamin K antagonist and an antiplatelet drug, 1.28 (95% CI, 1.13–1.44) for therapy of a direct oral anticoagulant with an antiplatelet drug, 3.73 (95% CI, 3.23–4.31) for vitamin K antagonist triple therapy, and 2.28 (95% CI, 1.67–3.12) for direct oral anticoagulant triple therapy. Subgroup analyses showed similar patterns. The IR for major bleeding was 10.2/100 PYs among patients receiving triple therapy. Very high major bleeding rates occurred among patients on triple therapy aged >90 years (IR 22.8/100 PYs) or with a CHA2DS2-VASc score >6 (IR 17.6/100 PYs) or with a history of major bleeding (IR 17.5/100 PYs). Conclusions: Patients with atrial fibrillation on triple therapy experienced high rates of major bleeding in comparison with patients on dual therapy or monotherapy. The high bleeding rates observed in patients on triple therapy >90 years of age or with a CHA2DS2-VASc score >6 or with a history of a major bleeding warrants careful consideration of such therapy in these patients.
Does pregnancy complication history improve cardiovascular disease risk prediction? Findings from the HUNT study in Norway

Abstract Aim To evaluate whether history of pregnancy complications [pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, preterm delivery, or small for gestational age (SGA)] improves risk prediction for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods and results This population-based, prospective cohort study linked data from the HUNT Study, Medical Birth Registry of Norway, validated hospital records, and Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Using an established CVD risk prediction model (NORRISK 2), we predicted 10-year risk of CVD (non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal coronary heart disease, and non-fatal or fatal stroke) based on established risk factors (age, systolic blood pressure, total and HDL-cholesterol, smoking, anti-hypertensives, and family history of myocardial infarction). We evaluated whether adding pregnancy complication history improved model fit, calibration, discrimination, and reclassification. Among 18 231 women who were parous, ≥40 years of age, and CVD-free at start of follow-up, 39% had any pregnancy complication history and 5% experienced a CVD event during a median follow-up of 8.2 years. While pre-eclampsia and SGA were associated with CVD in unadjusted models (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.44–2.65 for pre-eclampsia and HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.18–1.81 for SGA), only pre-eclampsia remained associated with CVD after adjusting for established risk factors (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.16–2.17). Adding pregnancy complication history to the established prediction model led to small improvements in discrimination (C-index difference 0.004, 95% CI 0.002–0.006) and reclassification (net reclassification improvement 0.02, 95% CI 0.002–0.05). Conclusion Pre-eclampsia independently predicted CVD after controlling for established risk factors; however, adding pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, preterm delivery, and SGA made only small improvements to CVD prediction among this representative sample of parous Norwegian women.
Effects of An Occupational Therapy Memory Strategy Education Group Intervention on Irish Older Adults’ Self-Management of Everyday Memory Difficulties

Abstract An occupational therapy memory strategy education group (MSEG) was developed to assist clients with varying levels of memory impairment to adopt strategies to manage memory impairment in their daily lives. Participants were healthy older adults presenting with subjective memory complaints (SMC, n = 14), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 33), or early stages of dementia (n = 13). Clients and their caregivers attended a one-hour session each week for six weeks. Outcome measures were taken at baseline, two weeks post completion of the group, and at a 3-month follow-up for 47 participants. Statistically significant improvements post-program were scored on the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (p = 0.001) and a dementia quality of life measure (p = 0.02), with increased use of external memory aids (p < 0.001) and significant improvements in participants’ self-ratings of performance (p < 0.001) and satisfaction with their performance (p < 0.001) using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Findings suggest positive outcomes that were maintained at 3-month follow-up and thus, support the role of occupational therapy in delivering occupation-focused memory strategy programs.
Effects of an active warm-up on variation in bench press and back squat (upper and lower body measures)

ABSTRACT The present study investigated the magnitude of diurnal variation in back squat and bench press using the MuscleLab linear encoder over three different loads and assessed the benefit of an active warm-up to establish whether diurnal variation could be negated. Ten resistance-trained males underwent (mean ± SD: age 21.0 ± 1.3 years, height 1.77 ± 0.06 m, and body mass 82.8 ± 14.9 kg) three sessions. These included control morning (M, 07:30 h) and evening (E, 17:30 h) sessions (5-min standardized warm-up at 150 W, on a cycle ergometer), and one further session consisting of an extended active warm-up morning trial (ME, 07:30 h) until rectal temperature (Trec) reached previously recorded resting evening levels (at 150 W, on a cycle ergometer). All sessions included handgrip, followed by a defined program of bench press (at 20, 40, and 60 kg) and back squat (at 30, 50, and 70 kg) exercises. A linear encoder was attached to an Olympic bar used for the exercises and average force (AF), peak velocity (PV), and time to peak velocity (tPV) were measured (MuscleLab software; MuscleLab Technology, Langesund, Norway) during the concentric phase of the movements. Values for Trec were higher in the E session compared to values in the M session (Δ0.53 °C, P < 0.0005). Following the extended active warm-up in the morning (ME), Trec and Tm values were no different to the E values (P < 0.05). Values for Tm were lower in the M compared to the E condition throughout (P < 0.05). There were time-of-day effects for hand grip with higher values of 6.49% for left (P = 0.05) and 4.61% for right hand (P = 0.002) in the E compared to the M. Daily variations were apparent for both bench press and back squat performance for AF (3.28% and 2.63%), PV (13.64% and 11.50%), and tPV (−16.97% and −14.12%, where a negative number indicates a decrease in the variable from morning to evening). There was a main effect for load (P < 0.0005) such that AF and PV values were larger at higher masses on the bar than lower ones and tPV was smaller at lower masses on the bar than at higher masses for both bench press and back squat. We established that increasing Trec in the M–E values did not result in an increase of any measures related to bench press and back squat performance (P > 0.05) to increase from M to E levels. Therefore, MuscleLab linear encoder could detect meaningful differences between the morning and evening for all variables. However, the diurnal variation in bench press and back squat (measures of lower and upper body force and power output) is not explained by time-of-day oscillations in Trec.
Parental Correlates of Outdoor Play in Boys and Girls Aged 0 to 12—A Systematic Review

Outdoor play is one major source of physical activity (PA) in children. In particular, parents act as gatekeepers, because they can enable their children’s outdoor play. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of parental correlates of outdoor play. A systematic literature research of six electronic databases (ERIC, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, and Web of Science Core Collection) was conducted with previously defined search terms, focusing on children 0–12 years old. In total, 1719 potentially publications were screened based on eligibility criteria. Included studies were scored for overall study quality. Findings were summarized using a semi-quantitative method. Twenty-one peer-reviewed publications which examined the relationship of parental correlates and outdoor play were included. Overall, five parental correlates were associated with children’s amount of outdoor play: mothers’ ethnicity, mothers’ employment status, parents’ education level, the importance parents assign to outdoor play, and perceived social cohesion in the neighborhood. Merely four studies reported sex/gender-stratified results. In summary, only parents’ encouragement/support provided evidence for girls’ amount of outdoor play. The findings are considered to be of public health relevance for developing intervention programs to increase outdoor play and for improving child’s health. More research, especially considering sex/gender of the child, is required.
The role of biomarkers in endometrial cancer and hyperplasia: a literature review

Abstract Introduction: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological cancer and its incidence is rising due to increasing obesity rates. We are also seeing an increasing trend of young women diagnosed with either endometrial cancer or its precancerous state, endometrial hyperplasia. Diagnosis is dependent on invasive testing and there is no screening tool available for either general or high-risk population groups. Whilst vast amounts of research have been undertaken in higher-profile cancers such as ovarian and cervical, endometrial cancer is comparatively less investigated. Aim: In this literature review, we summarise the existing literature in understanding the role of tumour biomarkers for endometrial cancer and its preceding condition of endometrial hyperplasia. Method: NICE Healthcare Databases Search tool was used to search Embase, Medline and PubMed databases for relevant articles. Conclusion: There is currently no routinely used biomarker in endometrial cancer for diagnostic or prognostic purposes. Given the establishment of new genomic classifications of endometrial cancers, the use of biomarkers to drive therapeutic approaches will be the cornerstone for individualised cancer care in the coming decades.
Altered microRNAs expression levels of sperm and seminal plasma in patients with infertile ejaculates compared with normozoospermic males

Abstract Approximately 15% of couples are unable to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse. Because sperm can be accessed with ease, it is reasonable to search for non-invasive biomarkers in semen. MicroRNAs are a family of short single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules that are capable of regulating gene expression and causing mRNA degradation. We studied the most common 11 spermatogenesis-related microRNAs expression levels in sperm and seminal plasma from patients with oligozoospermic or asthenozoospermic ejaculates, and in men with normozoospermic ejaculates. Five of these miRNAs were significantly upregulated and three were downregulated in infertile males compared to men with normozoospermic ejaculates. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between the sperm concentration and several microRNA expression level (let-7a, miR-7-1-3p, miR-141, miR-200a, and miR-429, p < 0.0001) both in sperm and in seminal plasma. We also found positive correlation between sperm concentration and some miRNA expression levels (miR-15b, miR-34b, and miR-122, p < 0.001) in sperm and in seminal plasma. This is the first study to demonstrate differences between sperm and seminal plasma miRNA expression level and to identify a correlation between the sperm concentration and miRNAs expression level. Therefore, these MiRNAs could have the potential be used as non-invasive biomarkers to diagnose males with impaired sperm production.
A Non-Liner Decision Model for Green Crowdfunding Project Success: Evidence from China

Green growth and environmental sustainability have become a significant focus in today’s living. We believe that green crowdfunding project can make an important contribution to the creation and evaluation of environmental systems. This study aims to investigate the determinants of green crowdfunding project success. Contrary to the linear relationship in previous literature, we propose a non-liner decision model that includes three determinants, funds pledge, goal setting, and project duration to predict project success. The quantitative approach method was employed. We crawl data on 1389 green crowdfunding projects from Tencent Lejuan, a crowdfunding platform in China. By using ordinary least square method to conduct data analysis, we find that the effect of goal setting on project success is non-linear as low and moderate levels of goal setting are not always likely to have a significant impact on project success, but the presence of a higher goal is likely to exert a positive effect on project success. Moreover, results show that the effect of project duration on project success is non-linear as short and moderate levels of duration is not always certain to have significant impact on project success, but the presence of a long duration is likely to exert a positive effect on project success. This study has implications for fund-seekers for green crowdfunding projects and managers of crowdfunding platforms.
Risk Factors for Lower-Extremity Injuries in Female Ballet Dancers: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND Ballet dancers have a high prevalence of injuries to the lower extremity. Many studies have investigated the relationship between dance injury and risk factors. However, risk factors for lower-extremity injury comparing recreational- and elite-level ballet dancers are scarce. OBJECTIVE To systematically review available original studies to assess risk factors for lower-extremity injury in female ballet dancers between recreational and elite ballet dancers. DATA SOURCES Five online databases [Web of Science, PubMed, OVID (Medline), EBSCO, and ProQuest] were searched systematically. STUDY SELECTION Included studies had an analytic study design published in the past 11 years and investigated an association between potential risk factors and lower-extremity injury in female ballet dancers. STUDY APPRAISAL Assessed independently by 2 reviewers using the Downs and Black (DB) criteria and Oxford Centre of Evidence-Based Medicine. RESULTS Seventeen studies were included. Alignment was a risk factor for lower-extremity injury in both recreational and elite ballet dancers. In elite ballet dancers, poor lumbopelvic movement control, inappropriate transversus abdominis contraction, decreased lower-extremity strength, and poor aerobic fitness were risk factors for lower-extremity injury. In recreational ballet dancers, hypermobility of the hip and ankle and longer training hours were risk factors for lower-extremity injury. Mean DB score was 15.94 (SD 1.57). The majority of studies were retrospective cohort studies or had poor follow-up, with 7 level 2b studies, 6 level 3b studies (cross-sectional), and 4 level 1b studies (prospective cohort with good follow-up). CONCLUSIONS Alignment was identified as a common risk factor for recreational and elite ballet dancers. Other risk factors differed between recreational ballet dancers and elite ballet dancers. Future studies are warranted to use a prospective study design, identify dance level-specific risk factors, and implement evidence-based prevention strategies.
Public Response to Suicide News Reports as Reflected in Computerized Text Analysis of Online Reader Comments

Previous research has documented the rise in rates of suicidal behaviors following media reports of celebrity suicide. Whereas most research has focused on documenting and analyzing suicide rates, little is known about more subtle psychological effects of celebrity suicide on the public, such as despair and feelings of abandonment. The Internet has revolutionized the responses to news reports, enabling immediate and anonymous responses potentially reflecting these psychological processes. Thus, the current study explored the unique psychological impact of a celebrity suicide on the public by analyzing the big data of readers' comments to suicide news reports, using computational linguistics methods. Readers’ comments (N = 14,506) to suicide news reports were retrieved from 4 leading online news sites. The comments were posted in response to 1 of 1 types of reports: a celebrity suicide (Robin Williams), a non-celebrity suicide, and general reports of suicide as a social phenomenon. LIWC software for computerized linguistic analysis was used to calculate the frequency of the various types of words used. Comparison of the responses to the 3 types of suicide reports revealed higher frequency of first-person pronouns and for emotionally charged words on comments to a celebrity suicide, compared with comments to the other types of suicide reports. The findings suggest that celebrity suicide news reports evoke the expression of positive emotions, possibly related to the venerated celebrity, alongside negative, internalized emotions, and feelings of social isolation. Theoretical, practical, and methodological implications are discussed.
Bioactivity of dietary polyphenols: The role of metabolites

Abstract A polyphenol-rich diet protects against chronic pathologies by modulating numerous physiological processes, such as cellular redox potential, enzymatic activity, cell proliferation and signaling transduction pathways. However, polyphenols have a low oral bioavailability mainly due to an extensive biotransformation mediated by phase I and phase II reactions in enterocytes and liver but also by gut microbiota. Despite low oral bioavailability, most polyphenols proved significant biological effects which brought into attention the low bioavailability/high bioactivity paradox. In recent years, polyphenol metabolites have attracted great interest as many of them showed similar or higher intrinsic biological effects in comparison to the parent compounds. There is a huge body of literature reporting on the biological functions of polyphenol metabolites generated by phase I and phase II metabolic reactions and gut microbiota-mediated biotransformation. In this respect, the review highlights the pharmacokinetic fate of the major dietary polyphenols (resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, rutin, genistein, daidzein, ellagitannins, proanthocyanidins) in order to further address the efficacy of biometabolites as compared to parent molecules. The present work strongly supports the contribution of metabolites to the health benefits of polyphenols, thus offering a better perspective in understanding the role played by dietary polyphenols in human health.
Type 2 Diabetes and Cognitive Functions in Middle Age: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus has been linked with cognitive decrement and an increased risk of dementia in older people. Less is known about whether diabetes affects cognition at younger ages. The objective of this meta-analysis was to examine possible differences (effect sizes) in cognitive performance between middle-aged type 2 diabetic patients and healthy controls. Secondary aim was to examine whether age is related to the magnitude of effect sizes. Methods: Electronic databases and lists of references of selected articles were used to search for studies examining type 2 diabetes and cognition in patients under age 65 compared to healthy controls. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Standardized mean differences (Hedges’s g) were calculated for main cognitive domains and their subdomains. Association between age and effect sizes was evaluated with meta-regression analyses. Publication bias and methodological quality of the studies were assessed. Results: Patients performed worse than controls in several cognitive functions. The largest differences were found in information processing speed (g = −0.68), attention/concentration (g = −0.55), executive functions (g = −0.51), and working memory (g = −0.51). There was no significance difference in visual memory (g = −0.15). Age was significantly related to the effect size in information processing speed, language, verbal memory and visual memory. However, the direction of association varied across these cognitive domains. Conclusions: The results suggest that cognitive decrement in diabetes is not restricted to older people, but may begin to appear in middle age. More attention should be paid to early recognition and treatment of diabetes-related cognitive decrement in healthcare systems. (JINS, 2019, 25, 215–229)