Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Data-Traffic Aware Dynamic Power Management for General-Purpose Graphics Processing Units

General-purpose graphics processing units (GPGPUs) are gaining popularity. Applications like machine learning and artificial intelligence have been growing rapidly. When hardware complexity increases to meet the computing requirements of the applications, the power efficiency of the hardware becomes an important issue. In this paper, we propose an adaptive power management scheme for GPGPU to enhance power efficiency by proactively detecting the internal activities during runtime and dynamically adjusting the operating frequencies of selected components. The simulation results indicate that, when compared with the baseline approach, the proposed scheme can reduce power consumption by up to 15% with a performance overhead of less than 5% on average.
Activin receptors and cellular signaling by the receptor serine kinase family.

AN EMERGING theme in cell signaling research is the multifunctional nature of many growth factors and cytokines. Proteins purified based on distinct activities are often found to have identical structures; furthermore, different members of large growth factor families have similar, although subtly distinct, effects on diverse sets of cells. Such related factors often have related receptors, activation of which turns on common cellular signaling pathways. Understanding both the specificity and the overlap of growth factor signaling will involve elucidation of the unique and shared features of those receptors and their intracellular targets. The activins are growth and differentiation factors that are produced by, and exert effects on, a broad range of cells and tissues (reviewed in Refs. 1–5). With the cloning of several activin receptors, as well as the development of biological models for assessing activin and activin receptor function, substantial progress has been made in understanding the mechanism of.
Strategic trade policy and union-firm bargaining agenda

In this paper, we revisit the issue of the scope of bargaining between duopolistic firms and unions in an open economy with strategic trade policy. It is shown that, in contrast with the case of the absence of export tax/subsidy, a right-to-manage (RTM) arrangement always emerges endogenously as a sub-game perfect Nash equilibrium in agreement between parties. Moreover, such an arrangement may be also Pareto-optimal in both exporting countries in the sense that profits, workers' welfare (provided that union's power is sufficiently high) and social welfare as a whole are higher than the efficient bargaining (EB) arrangement. Moreover, since the government of the country in which there is EB (while in the other country the alternative agenda RTM is used) levies a tax on export, then the conventional result that under quantity competition it is always optimal for exporting countries to subsidise exports may be reversed.
Voicing contrast in Turkish: Simultaneous measurements of acoustics, EPG and intraoral pressure

The aim of this study was to investigate the Turkish voicing contrast with simultaneous measurements of acoustics, EPG and intraoral pressure. We further aimed to understand the mechanisms behind the maintenance or disappearance of voicing in Turkish. According to our results, intraoral pressure rises more slowly for voiced sounds than for their voiceless counterparts. Voiced fricatives have shorter duration, more palatal contact, and lower intraoral pressure velocity maximum compared to voiceless cognates. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between intraoral pressure and the number of (relative) anterior palatal contacts.
Qualities of Internationally Educated Teachers in the U.S. Public Schools

The purpose of this study is to examine the qualities of internationally educated teachers in the United States. Their qualities are explored through the examination of the lived experiences of three multilingual and multicultural teachers working as certified teachers in the U.S. public schools. The research question is “What are the qualities of internationally educated teachers working in the U.S. public schools? ” In a phenomenological research methodology, interviews were carried out with three multicultural and multilingual teachers who had been teaching in the United States and overseas. The whole-part-whole analysis was used to highlight the interview scripts as data analysis. The findings discuss the internationally educated teachers’ qualities in two broad strands: (1) being a role model for colleagues as they demonstrate tenacity and passion for teaching, extraordinary work ethic, and leadership; and (2) providing culturally responsive teaching. In the conclusion, this study summarizes the qualities of the participants and suggests implications for the U.S. school administrators, parents and students.
Frequency tunable gyrotron using backward-wave components

We present a frequency tunable scheme for the gyrotron at millimeter/submillimeter regime. Unlike step-tunable type where oscillation jumps discretely in different transverse modes, this scheme allows a smooth tuning within a single transverse mode using its backward-wave component. The characteristics of backward-wave interaction will be shown. A proof of principle experiment was conducted with a sealed cavity. The result shows the oscillation frequency smoothly transitions over a wide range of 6 GHz from 134 to 140 GHz. The proposed mechanism is capable of producing medium output power with broad frequency tunability up to sub-terahertz region.
Inducible and Constitutive β-Galactosidase Formation in Cells Recovering from Protein Synthesis Inhibition

Inducible and constitutive β-galactosidase formation and radioactive amino acid incorporation were measured in cells recovering from various treatments which inhibit protein synthesis in the cell. Undelayed β-galactosidase formation was found in stringent auxotrophs recovering from amino acid starvation, in cells recovering from glycerol or potassium starvation, and in bacteria recovering from puromycin treatment. Delayed β-galactosidase formation was found in relaxed auxotrophs recovering from amino acid starvation and in prototrophs recovering from chloramphenicol or from tetracycline treatment. The length of this delay was directly proportional to the duration of the treatment. All cells recovering from the various treatments exhibited a slightly decreased rate of β-galactosidase formation and an increase in radioactive amino acid incorporation.
Incentivized Resume Rating: Eliciting Employer Preferences Without Deception

We introduce a new experimental paradigm to evaluate employer preferences, called incentivized resume rating (IRR). Employers evaluate resumes they know to be hypothetical in order to be matched with real job seekers, preserving incentives while avoiding the deception necessary in audit studies. We deploy IRR with employers recruiting college seniors from a prestigious school, randomizing human capital characteristics and demographics of hypothetical candidates. We measure both employer preferences for candidates and employer beliefs about the likelihood that candidates will accept job offers, avoiding a typical confound in audit studies. We discuss the costs, benefits, and future applications of this new methodology. (JEL D83, I26, J23, J24, M51)
Adapting to the sharing economy

While individuals have traditionally often seen ownership as the most desirable way to have access to products, increasing numbers of consumers are paying to temporarily access or share products and services rather than buy or own them. This so-called sharing economy is growing rapidly. While estimates for the current size of the nascent market vary, PricewaterhouseCoopers has estimated that by 2025, five main sectors of the sharing economy could represent $335 billion in revenue worldwide. Well-known examples of successful startups built on collaborative consumption systems include Airbnb Inc., a San Francisco-based online accommodations marketplace, and Zipcar, a car-sharing brand that is now part of the vehicle. This article draws on a larger research program at the research center on innovation, branding and strategic leadership at the University of Innsbruck. This research program tries to understand how companies can pursue business model innovation and how companies can interact with user communities to create value. The speed of growth with which sharing systems have spread suggests that the sharing economy might represent a serious threat to established industries
“Now I see it, now I don’t”: Determining Threshold Levels of Facial Emotion Recognition for Use in Patient Populations

Abstract The importance of including measures of emotion processing, such as tests of facial emotion recognition (FER), as part of a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment is being increasingly recognized. In clinical settings, FER tests need to be sensitive, short, and easy to administer, given the limited time available and patient limitations. Current tests, however, commonly use stimuli that either display prototypical emotions, bearing the risk of ceiling effects and unequal task difficulty, or are cognitively too demanding and time-consuming. To overcome these limitations in FER testing in patient populations, we aimed to define FER threshold levels for the six basic emotions in healthy individuals. Forty-nine healthy individuals between 52 and 79 years of age were asked to identify the six basic emotions at different intensity levels (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, and 125% of the prototypical emotion). Analyses uncovered differing threshold levels across emotions and sex of facial stimuli, ranging from 50% up to 100% intensities. Using these findings as “healthy population benchmarks”, we propose to apply these threshold levels to clinical populations either as facial emotion recognition or intensity rating tasks. As part of any comprehensive social cognition test battery, this approach should allow for a rapid and sensitive assessment of potential FER deficits. (JINS, 2015, 21, 568–572)
Firm and Industry Effects in Industrial Economics

The traditional view in industrial economics suggests that high concentration leads to tacit collusion, poor performance, and elevated profit. Followers of the traditional view relied upon the empirical relationship between profit rates and market concentration to justify the highly activist antitrust policy of the 1945-1980 period. The activist antitrust era reached its zenith with the nearly per se prohibition of horizontal mergers as outlined in the 1968 merger guidelines issued by the Justice Department's Antitrust Division. The 1980s have witnessed the emergence of the revisionist school as the dominant view in the field of industrial economics. The revisionists contend
Synaptic inputs onto small bistratified (blue‐ON/yellow‐OFF) ganglion cells in marmoset retina

The inner plexiform layer of the retina contains functional subdivisions, which segregate ON and OFF type light responses. Here, we studied quantitatively the ON and OFF synaptic input to small bistratified (blue‐ON/yellow‐OFF) ganglion cells in marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Small bistratified cells display an extensive inner dendritic tier that receives blue‐ON input from short‐wavelength‐sensitive (S) cones via blue cone bipolar cells. The outer dendritic tier is sparse and is thought to receive yellow‐OFF input from medium (M)‐ and long (L)‐wavelength‐sensitive cones via OFF diffuse bipolar cells. In total, 14 small bistratified cells from different eccentricities were analyzed. The cells were retrogradely labeled from the koniocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus and subsequently photofilled. Retinal preparations were processed with antibodies against the C‐terminal binding protein 2, the AMPA receptor subunit GluR4, and/or gephyrin to identify bipolar and/or amacrine input. The results show that the synaptic input is evenly distributed across the dendritic tree, with a density similar to that reported previously for other ganglion cell types. The population of cells showed a consistent pattern, where bipolar input to the inner tier is about fourfold greater than bipolar input to the outer tier. This structural asymmetry of bipolar input may help to balance the weight of cone signals from the sparse S cone array against inputs from the much denser M/L cone array. J. Comp. Neurol. 517:655–669, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Does Money Supply Growth Contain Predictive Power for Stock Returns? Evidence and Explanation

We examine the nature of predictive power of money supply growth for stock returns. An understanding of which will be useful for market practitioners and policy makers given the current lack of consensus. In addition, knowledge of this relation can aid our understanding of the risk and cash flow channels of stock price movement. Using monthly data and considering a range of alternative predictor variables, predictive and forecast time horizons, empirical methodologies and measures of stock returns, we find that money supply growth has a negative predictive relation with stock returns. Rolling window forecasts provide confirmatory out-of-sample evidence for the significance of money supply growth as a predictor variable. The use of both returns and dividend growth predictive regressions, as well as a VAR analysis and predictive regressions for size and book-to-market portfolios suggest that relation operates through a risk channel. Higher money supply leads to improving economic conditions and lower (required) returns.
An Integrated Approach for Evaluating Water Quality between 2007–2015 in Santa Cruz Island in the Galapagos Archipelago

Water quality in Galápagos has been deteriorating by increased human impacts over the past few decades. Water quality is a key environmental component and issue in need to be evaluated in the Pelican Bay Watershed, the biggest urban and economic development of Santa Cruz Island, for better management and regulation of water resources. This study assesses coastal and ground water bodies of Pelican Bay by employing a 9-year dataset obtained during a local water quality monitoring program conducted by the Galápagos National Park. Physical-chemical and microbial parameters were evaluated with respect to national and international water quality standards. A statistical integrated approach was performed to calculate environmental background levels of water quality parameters and to explore their seasonal and spatial variation. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of changes in tourism and residents in San Cruz Island in the degradation of water sources. Results highlighted are: (a) water is not suitable for drinking and domestic use at some inland sites; (b) saline water is used for irrigation in the highlands; (c) the presence of parameters of concern at coastal sites represent a risk for human and ecosystem health; (d) background levels may serve for defining site-specific limits to control water quality, and; (e) the influence of population change on water quality conditions varied at each site with a higher effect at coastal sites relatively to inland sites. This study provided valuable information of the water quality status in Santa Cruz Island and can serve as a baseline for effective water management and control of pollution.
Studies of the Psychosocial Adjustment of the Hearing-Impaired: I. Adolescents and their Families a Pilot Study *

There is a general pessimistic view found in the literature that defends a hypothesis that the consequences of a severe hearing impairment on psychosocial development are many and severe. This pilot study of 20 adolescents who had experienced a profound hearing impairment from birth had the purpose of clarifying this issue. The findings of the study were not compatible with such pessimism. It is concluded that the teaching of an oral means of communication which facilitates education within a mainstreamed system, is compatible with good psychosocial adjustment. To confirm this optimism and to delineate the variables in good development, further study employing comparison groups is needed.
Legionella pneumophila utilizes a single‐player disulfide‐bond oxidoreductase system to manage disulfide bond formation and isomerization

Legionella pneumophila uses a single homodimeric disulfide bond (DSB) oxidoreductase DsbA2 to catalyze extracytoplasmic protein folding and to correct DSB errors through protein‐disulfide isomerase (PDI) activity. In Escherichia coli, these functions are separated to avoid futile cycling. In L. pneumophila, DsbA2 is maintained as a mixture of disulfides (S‐S) and free thiols (SH), but when expressed in E. coli, only the SH form is observed. We provide evidence to suggest that structural differences in DsbB oxidases (LpDsbB1 and LpDsbB2) and DsbD reductases (LpDsbD1 and LpDsbD2) (compared with E. coli) permit bifunctional activities without creating a futile cycle. LpdsbB1 and LpdsbB2 partially complemented an EcdsbB mutant while neither LpdsbD1 nor LpdsbD2 complemented an EcdsbD mutant unless DsbA2 was also expressed. When the dsb genes of E. coli were replaced with those of L. pneumophila, motility was restored and DsbA2 was present as a mixture of redox forms. A dominant‐negative approach to interfere with DsbA2 function in L. pneumophila determined that DSB oxidase activity was necessary for intracellular multiplication and assembly/function of the Dot/Icm Type IVb secretion system. Our studies show that a single‐player system may escape the futile cycle trap by limiting transfer of reducing equivalents from LpDsbDs to DsbA2.
India’s Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS): Wages, Reservation Wages and Programme Participation in Chitradurga District of Karnataka

We evaluate India’s Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS). Using data from extensive primary surveys of MGNREGS beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries in Chitradurga district of Karnataka, we find that women tended to benefit more from the programme. This is a major MGNREGS contribution because women have always been paid less than men in farms and construction sites. The wages NREGS beneficiaries got were well below their asking wages (which was ₹ 207 a day), being only ₹ 98 a day on an average. The estimation of reservation wages shows that higher current wages increase reservation wages. The elasticity of reservation wage with respect to work experience is negative. We use a two-step regression model to understand the determinants of participation in the programme and of NREGS wages. We conclude that the programme has had a favourable impact on reducing rural poverty.
Spontaneous regression of localized neuroblastoma detected by mass screening.

PURPOSE To clarify whether and when neuroblastomas identified through screening do regress, and to ascertain how to treat them appropriately, we observed screened patients who had localized tumors, without any therapeutic intervention. PATIENTS AND METHODS The criteria for the observation program were as follows: disease stage I or II; tumor less than 5 cm in diameter; no invasion to the intraspinal canal or growth to the great vessels; urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) less than 50 microg/mg creatinine; and informed consent. Of 25 patients identified through screening for 6-month-old infants in Saitama Prefecture, Japan between April 1994 and March 1996, 11 patients who met the criteria and one other patient with stage III tumor were enrolled onto the program. They were examined by abdominal ultrasonography (US) and their urinary VMA and HVA levels were assessed approximately once per month. The observation periods ranged from 4 to 27 months. RESULTS The 11 tumors decreased in size, although one of these 11 tumors initially enlarged until the patient was 12 months of age and decreased in size thereafter. One other tumor slightly increased in size. Urinary VMA levels decreased in all patients. None of the tumors had completely disappeared by the last observation day. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that regression of screened neuroblastoma is not a rare phenomenon. At present, it seems reasonable to adopt a wait-and-see strategy, with careful observation, for selected stage I or II tumors identified in infants screened at 6 months of age.
Family Response to Adults and Alcohol

SUMMARY Studies indicate that couple and family relationships play a significant role in alcohol dependence and recovery processes, yet a relational framework in alcoholism treatment and research paradigms remains largely absent. Reciprocal, interactive dynamics between the alcoholic and couple-family relationships suggests the need for a more comprehensive conceptualization of alcoholism, inclusive of a relational perspective in addition to the current individual emphasis on abstinence as the defining measurement of successful treatment. Family variables, especially the couple relationship, underscore the importance of the concept of “couple recovery. ” Bridging the gap between individual and couple recovery requires: multiple levels of intervention, developmentally appropriate strategies through the stages of recovery, and openness to integrating various therapeutic approaches. The Couples Reciprocal Development Approach (CRDA), a theory of long-term couple recovery from alcoholism, identifies three distinct but interactive components of couple functioning.
Stepwise advancement Herbst appliance versus mandibular sagittal split osteotomy. Treatment effects and long-term stability of adult Class II patients.

OBJECTIVE To compare the treatment effects and long-term stability of the stepwise Herbst appliance and mandibular sagittal split osteotomy in skeletal Class II adult patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects comprised 16 patients in the Herbst group and another 16 patients in the surgery (mandibular sagittal split osteotomy) group. Lateral head films were taken before treatment (T0), after removal of the Herbst appliance/surgery (T1), after the fixed appliance treatment (T2), and 3 years after treatment (T3). All films were analyzed by standard cephalometrics and SO-analysis (analysis of changes in sagittal occlusion). RESULTS All Herbst and surgery patients were treated successfully to Class I occlusal relationships with normal overjet and overbite. Both groups showed a significant change in mandibular base advancement (SNB, SNPg, Pg/OLp), which resulted in a decrease in the ANB angle, the Wits appraisal, and facial convexity. However, the surgery group showed larger changes in the parameters mentioned above. In terms of long-term stability, both groups achieved stable results, and no significant difference occurred over time. CONCLUSION Stepwise advancement Herbst appliance therapy can be used to treat borderline skeletal Class II adult patients with long-term stability.
Subdural Empyema in Children

Subdural Empyema in infants and children might be life threatening if not managed properly. A search of the Pub Med database was carried out using a combination of the following terms: Subdural empyema, children, and management. Neurosurgical textbooks were reviewed as well. The prevalence, etiology, clinical features, investigations and management of SDE are reviewed in this article. Conservative management with antibiotics and follow up imaging is recommended if there are no focal deficits, change in mental status or if the patient is responding well to antibiotics. Alternatively, craniotomy is warranted in addition to antibiotics therapy. The surgeon might opt for burr holes in case the patient is frail or in septic shock.