Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Personality Related to Coping and Social Support Among Iranian Refugees in Sweden

The aim of this study was to investigate the interrelatedness between temperament and character according to Cloninger’s biosocial theory of personality, coping behavior, and social support among traumatized refugees. Personality, psychopathological disturbances, coping resources, and social support were assessed in 100 Iranian refugees resettled in Sweden who had been exposed to various extreme traumatic life events in Iran before their escape. Individuals traumatized by war experiences as soldiers, with low Beck Depression Inventory scores showed the lowest scores in Harm Avoidance and the highest in Self-Directedness and Cooperativeness. Concerning coping resources and social support, these subjects scored slightly higher and the traumatized refugees with high Beck Depression Inventory scores scored slightly lower compared with nontraumatized subjects. Resilient refugees are characterized by low harm avoidance, high self-directedness, and high cooperativeness scores which enables them to develop effective coping strategies to obtain sufficient social support and thus to become more resistant against severe trauma.
Prevalence and Pathogenic Potential of Campylobacter Isolates from Free-Living, Human-Commensal American Crows

ABSTRACT Recent studies have suggested a potential role for wild birds in zoonotic transmission of Campylobacter jejuni, the leading cause of gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. In this study, we detected Campylobacter spp. in 66.9% (85/127) of free-ranging American crows (Corvus brachyrhyncos) sampled in the Sacramento Valley of California in 2012 and 2013. Biochemical testing and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA revealed that 93% of isolates (n = 70) were C. jejuni, with cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) and flagellin A genes detected by PCR in 20% and 46% of the C. jejuni isolates (n = 59), respectively. The high prevalence of C. jejuni, coupled with the occurrence of known virulence markers CDT and flagellin A, demonstrates that crows shed Campylobacter spp. in their feces that are potentially pathogenic to humans. Crows are abundant in urban, suburban, and agricultural settings, and thus further study to determine their role in zoonotic transmission of Campylobacter will inform public health.
Colorectal Cancer and Nonfermented Milk, Solid Cheese, and Fermented Milk Consumption: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

Colorectal cancer is the second most prevalent cancer worldwide. A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies was conducted to examine the association between intake of different types of dairy foods during adulthood and the development of colorectal cancer, specifically comparing nonfermented milk, solid cheese, and fermented milk. Seven databases were systematically searched and 15 cohort studies selected for inclusion, involving over 900,000 subjects and over 5200 colorectal cancer cases. Meta-analysis resulted in an overall relative risk of colon cancer of 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.60–0.91) in men consuming nonfermented milk (highest intake category averaging 525 g/day). No association was found between consumption of nonfermented milk and rectal cancer in men or nonfermented milk and colon or rectal cancer in women. No protective association was found between consumption of solid cheese or fermented milk and colorectal cancer. Reasons for the differences in the impact of nonfermented milk, solid cheese, and fermented milk in the colon are discussed. This meta-analysis supports the inverse association between nonfermented milk consumption and risk of colon cancer in men, and provides an evidence base to assist in the formulation of dietary guidelines involving dairy foods.
Cyber bullying of female students : an exploration of literature study

Over the past decades, cyber bullying has become the order of the day in the universities (schools), workplace and elsewhere. This growth involves inter-gender, and age demographics. The aim of this study is to explore and evaluate the extent in which literature studies covers female student’s cyber bullying in South Africa. Although, cyber bullying exists against female students and it is so alarming and disturbing not only in South Africa, the problem has gained miniature academic study attention in the country. Cyber bullying occurs (at) anyplace where Internet connection or mobile phone network exist. This study highlighted the limited academic articles in South Africa that aims to focus on cyber bullying against female students. The finding also indicates that most of the published article focused on cyber bullying and bullying around the world, few mentioned girl child or female students. However, in the case of South Africa, cyber bullying on female students is limited in the discussed academic articles. Keywords: Cyber bullying, Internet, Female students, Academic
Diffusion tensor imaging of renal ischemia reperfusion injury in an experimental model

Renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of acute renal failure. It occurs in various clinical settings such as renal transplantation, shock and vascular surgery. Serum creatinine level has been used as an index for estimating the degree of renal functional loss in renal IRI. However, it only evaluates the global renal function. In this study, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to characterize renal IRI in an experimental rat model. Spin‐echo echo‐planar DTI with b‐value of 300 s/mm2 and 6 diffusion gradient directions was performed at 7 T in 8 Sprague‐Dawley (SD) with 60‐min unilateral renal IRI and 8 normal SD rats. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), directional diffusivities and fractional anisotropy (FA) were measured at the acute stage of IRI. The IR‐injured animals were also examined by diffusion‐weighted imaging with 7 b‐values up to 1000 s/mm2 to estimate true diffusion coefficient (Dtrue) and perfusion fraction (Pfraction) using a bi‐compartmental model. ADC of injured renal cortex (1.69 ± 0.24 × 10−3 mm2/s) was significantly lower (p < 0.01) than that of contralateral intact cortex (2.03 ± 0.35 × 10−3 mm2/s). Meanwhile, both ADC and FA of IR‐injured medulla (1.37 ± 0.27 × 10−3 mm2/s and 0.28 ± 0.04, respectively) were significantly less (p < 0.01) than those of contralateral intact medulla (2.01 ± 0.38 × 10−3 mm2/s and 0.36 ± 0.04, respectively). The bi‐compartmental model analysis revealed the decrease in Dtrue and Pfraction in the IR‐injured kidneys. Kidney histology showed widespread cell swelling and erythrocyte congestion in both cortex and medulla, and cell necrosis/apoptosis and cast formation in medulla. These experimental findings demonstrated that DTI can probe both structural and functional information of kidneys following renal IRI. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Belief in the Law of Karma Moderate the Influence of the Tax System on Perceptions of Tax Evasion on Individual Taxpayers in All of the Tax Office Bali Area

This research discusses the influence of the tax system on the perception of tax evasion with belief in the law of karma as a moderation variable. Population in this research is individual taxpayers who do business activities or free work registered in all of the tax office Bali area. Incidental sampling method with slovin formula is used to determine the sample of research. Data analysis techniques used in the research are simple linear regression and moderated regression analysis. The results of testing the first hypothesis prove that the tax system negatively affect the perception of tax evasion. The results of testing the second hypothesis prove that belief in the law of karma can strengthen the negative effects of the tax system on the perception of tax evasion.
MOTIVATION AND GENDER DIFFERENCES IN LEARNING SPANISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN A MALAYSIAN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate student motivation and gender differences in learning Spanish as a foreign language in the Malaysian context. Method – Student motivation was measured by means of a self-report questionnaire based on Gardner’s social psychological model. The questionnaire contained both close-ended and open-ended questions to provide both quantitative and qualitative information. The participants consisted of 448 students from Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Spanish Institute where Spanish is a compulsory subject. Findings – The findings showed that the students were highly motivated toward learning Spanish. No significant differences were found between integrative and instrumental motivations and gender. Nonetheless, both quantitative and qualitative results suggested that the students were slightly more instrumentally inclined but simultaneously appreciated the target language and culture. This was particularly the case for the female students who showed significantly higher instrumental motivation in Spanish learning. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction: Vol. 14, No. 2 Dec (2017) Significance – The study supports the claim that motivation is contextspecific and at the same time provides a better understanding of a Malaysian situated phenomenon. Its findings have underscored that different learning contexts have different impacts on student motivation. It is hoped that the understanding of Malaysian student motivation may contribute useful insights to improve the curriculum and instruction of foreign language learning.
Alcoholic Dementia

Abstract: At least four distinct cerebral diseases — Wernicke-Korsakoff, Marchiafava-Bignami, pellagrous encephalopathy, and acquired hepatocerebral degeneration — have a close association with chronic alcoholism. Each is characterized by a distinctive pathologic change and a reasonably wellestablished pathogenesis; in each the role of alcohol in the causation is secondary. The question posed in this review is whether there is, in addition to the established types of dementia associated with alcoholism, a persistent dementia attributable to the direct toxic effects of alcohol on the brain — i.e., a primary alcoholic dementia. The clinical, psychologic, radiologic, and pathologic evidence bearing on this question is critically reviewed. None of the evidence permits the clear delineation of such an entity. The most serious flaw in the argument for a primary alcoholic dementia is that it lacks a distinctive, well-defined pathology, and it must remain ambiguous until such time as its morphologic basis is established.
Activation of calcium‐independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) in brain mitochondria and release of apoptogenic factors by BAX and truncated BID

Cleaved or truncated BID (tBID) is known to oligomerize both BAK and BAX. Previously, BAK and BAX lacing the C‐terminal fragment (BAXΔC) were shown to induce modest cytochrome c (Cyt c) release from rat brain mitochondria when activated by tBID. We now show that tBID plus monomeric full‐length BAX induce extensive release of Cyt c, Smac/DIABLO, and Omi/HtrA2 (but not endonuclease G and the apoptosis inducing factor) comparable to the release induced by alamethicin. This occurs independently of the permeability transition without overt changes in mitochondrial morphology. The mechanism of the release may involve formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of calcium‐independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2). Indeed, increased ROS production and activated iPLA2 were observed prior to massive Cyt c release. Furthermore, the extent of inhibition of Cyt c release correlated with the degree of suppression of iPLA2 by the inhibitors propranolol, dibucaine, 4‐bromophenacyl bromide, and bromenol lactone. Consistent with a requirement for iPLA2 in Cyt c release from brain mitochondria, synthetic liposomes composed of lipids mimicking the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) but lacing iPLA2 failed to release 10 kDa fluorescent dextran (FD‐10) in response to tBID plus BAX. We propose that tBID plus BAX activate ROS generation, which subsequently augments iPLA2 activity leading to changes in the OMM that allow translocation of certain mitochondrial proteins from the intermembrane space.
Fostering of innovation within green growth industries: How the Danish national innovation systems affect supply-network enabled innovation

Purpose This paper aims to analyse how the political, relational and institutional contexts of the offshore wind industry affect supply-network-enabled innovation (SNEI) and to identify significant possibilities for obtaining the overall target of reducing the cost of producing energy based on the offshore wind industry. Design/methodology/approach Through an embedded single-case study, the contextual conditions of SNEI within the relatively immature offshore wind energy industry are investigated. Findings The national system of innovation only affects product innovation within the industry. Process innovation, which is needed to make the industry grow and mature, seems lesser supported. Different levels of maturity exist among the actors within the industry, which creates barriers for SNEI. To help the offshore wind industry grow, the educational and research system can promote integration of companies by helping the actors to design best practices and manage their business processes according to some generic goals and practices. Additionally, the political system must provide clearer intentions for a sustainable future. Practical implications This paper provides insights into how SNEI can be applied within the Danish offshore wind industry to foster competitive advantages against energy recovered based on fossil fuels. Originality/value The paper contributes to the rather immature field of research on SNEI with empirical data from a network of companies. Furthermore, it adds to the emerging research area of political-initiated development of renewable energy sources.
A Comparison of Performances of Conventional Tillage Implements Versus Namibia Specific Conservation Tillage Implements under Ogongo, Namibia Conditions

Studies were conducted over a period of three years (2011 to 2013) at the Ogongo Campus of the University of Namibia (UNAM), to compare the differences between two conventional tillage (CV) treatments (i.e. tractor-drawn disc harrow (TDH) and animal-drawn mouldboard plough (AMP) and two Namibia Specific Conservation Tillage (NSCT) treatments (tractor-drawn ripper furrower (TRF) and animal-drawn ripper furrower (ARF). The objective was to test and compare the field performances of two implements each for the NSCT and CV technologies on (i) depth of cut, (ii) width of cut, (iii) draught of the power source (iv) efficiency and (v) effective field capacity under Ogongo conditions. The research design was a randomised complete block design. Results showed that the NSCT technologies (TRF and ARF) performed better in terms of the depths of cut than CV technologies (TDH and AMP) in all the three years but the NSCT technologies also resulted in higher draught forces than the contemporary CV technologies. The specific draught of NSCT technologies were however less across the three seasons showing that they were more energy efficient than CV technologies. Tractor drawn tillage methods resulted in lower specific draught than animal-drawn tillage methods across the three years. None of the tractor-drawn implements in the study met the ASAE Standards of Efficiency (70-90%) with the TDH achieving field efficiencies of 44% (short by 16%) and TRF achieving 62% (short by 8%). Across the three years, the effective field capacities for tractor-drawn tillage methods were: TDH = 0.68 ha hr -1 , TRF = 0.74 ha hr -1 . For animal-drawn tillage methods, the effective field capacities for AMP = 0.03 ha hr -1 and for ARF = 0.15 ha hr -1 . Overall the field performances of NSCT implements were better than those of CV implements and farmers should be encouraged to choose NSCT methods.
Madrasah science teachers’ perspectives on the nature of science, teaching and learning of science

In Singapore, science teachers in Madrasahs work in an environment where Islamic principles are pronounced. The curriculum offers both Islamic and secular studies. One aspect of its secular studies is science. The content of the science syllabus is primarily based on modern science. This research aims to document the current views of science educators in the Madrasahs about the nature of science, teaching and learning of science, and the nexus between Islamic culture and modern science. A total of 35 Madrasah science teachers, representing about 97% of the Madrasah science teachers in Singapore, responded to a survey instrument for the purpose of this research. Results showed that science teachers in Madrasahs had positive attitudes about science. Almost all teachers feel that science and Islam could be integrated, and that science should be taught in the classroom. The teachers were also comfortable in treating science as a domain which can be harmonised into their own culture.
The Concepts of Rash Impulsiveness and Reward Sensitivity in Substance Use Disorders

According to recent theories of addiction, the commonly used term impulsivity comprises two factors: rash impulsiveness and reward sensitivity. The present study addresses the relevance and generalizability of this two-factor model in a clinical sample of substance use disorder patients. This was examined by examining both internal and external validity. In addition, a comparison was made between self-reported and behavioral measures reflecting reward sensitivity and rash impulsiveness. Results provide evidence for the existence of the two hypothesized impulsivity factors in a clinical sample of substance dependent patients. Meaningful relationships between the model and drug use characteristics have been found, providing further evidence for the validity of the two-factor model. Furthermore, it is suggested that behavioral and self-report measures of impulsivity represent different constructs.
The first and second order measurements of context specific market orientation in relation to performance of higher education institutions

Organizational scholars and academicians in developed countries have been empirically highlighting the significance of market orientation (MO) for university performance (UP) using the traditional measures. While the present study, attempts to address the dearth of research in a developing country by empirically testing not only the MO UP relationship but also analyzing empirically the individual impact of the context specific dimensions of MO on UP based on the notion that different geographic, social and time zones create different context, so the relationship of interest might appear to vary when tested through separate dimensions independently. This would ultimately help university authorities recognize which aspects of MO to concentrate more for enhanced UP. A total of 476 university teachers and administrators participated from the five biggest and oldest public universities from Sind region. The use of structural equation modeling revealed that although the overall MO is quite significant to UP, yet the MO dimensions that appear more significant in previous literature, have a very unexpectedly different response in the developing countries. Contributions and implications of the study are outlined with reference to how the more context specific MO dimensions can contribute individually in the settings of public universities of a developing country like Pakistan.
Resonance wood [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]--evaluation and prediction of violin makers' quality-grading.

The definition of quality in the field of resonance wood for musical instrument making has attracted considerable interest over decades but has remained incomplete. The current work compares the traditional knowledge and practical experience of violin makers with a material-science approach to objectively characterize the properties of resonance wood. Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst. ] has earned a very high reputation for the construction of resonance tops of stringed instruments and resonance boards of keyboard instruments, and was therefore chosen as the focus of the investigation. The samples were obtained from numerous renowned resonance wood regions in the European Alps and cover the whole range of available qualities. A set of acoustical, anatomical, mechanical and optical material properties was measured on each sample. These measurements were compared with subjective quality grading by violin makers, who estimated the acoustical, optical and overall suitability for violin making. Multiple linear regression models were applied to evaluate the predictability of the subjective grading using the measured material characteristics as predictors. The results show that luthiers are able to estimate wood quality related to visible features, but predictions of mechanical and acoustical properties proved to be very poor.
Learning networks in health and Parkinson's disease: Reproducibility and treatment effects

In a previous H215O/PET study of motor sequence learning, we used principal components analysis (PCA) of region of interest (ROI) data to identify performance‐related activation patterns in normal subjects and patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, we determined whether these patterns predicted learning performance in subsequent normal and untreated PD cohorts. Using a voxel‐based PCA approach, we correlated the changes in network activity that occurred during antiparkinsonian treatment and their relationship to learning performance. We found that the previously identified ROI‐based patterns correlated with learning performance in the prospective normal (P < 0.01) and untreated PD (P < 0.05) cohorts. Voxel analysis revealed that target retrieval was related to a network characterized by bilateral activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal, premotor and anterior cingulate cortex, the precuneus, and the occipital association areas as well as the right ventral prefrontal and inferior parietal regions. Target acquisition was associated with a different network involving activation of the caudate, putamen, and right dentate nucleus, as well as the left ventral prefrontal and inferior parietal areas. Antiparkinsonian therapy gave rise to changes in retrieval performance that correlated with network modulation (P < 0.01). Increases in network activation and learning performance occurred with internal pallidal deep brain stimulation (GPi DBS); decrements in these measures were present with levodopa. Our findings suggest that network analysis of activation data can provide stable descriptors of learning performance. Network quantification can provide an objective means of assessing the effects of therapy on cognitive functioning in neurodegenerative disorders. Hum. Brain Mapping 11:197–211, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intraday momentum and contrarian effects on the JSE

ABSTRACT We study ultra short term return predictability based on intraday momentum and contrarian effects on the JSE. Statistically significant return predictability is found to be present to some extent when returns are calculated from mid-quote prices. However, when returns are calculated under bid-ask pricing assumptions which are more realistic from a trading point of view, intraday momentum and contrarian effects largely disappear and cannot be exploited profitably.