Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Diabetes Mellitus on Stroke

Diabetes is known to be an independent risk factor for the development of stroke. Stroke accounts for 20% of deaths among patients with diabetes, and is seen more commonly in younger age group than in non-diabetics. This reflects the adverse impact on economy and constitutes a major burden on the families of these patients and the country as well. This review highlights the influence of diabetes on stroke in many aspects, aiming to share a positive input on this major health problem.
Factors Affecting Nursing Students' Practice of Patient Safety Management in Clinical Practicum

Purpose: This study was done to assess nursing students’ practice of patient safety management (PSM), identify factors affecting PSM and provide basic data to develop education programs to strengthen students’ competencies for patient safety. Methods: In this descriptive research the practice of PSM by nursing students was examined and predictive factors were identified. Participants were junior and senior nursing students from 7 universities in 7 cities. Self-report questionnaires were used for data collection. Results: Significant positive correlations were found between knowledge of PSM, perception of the importance of PSM and practice of PSM. In multivariate analysis, women students, participation in patient safety education in school, knowledge of PSM, and practice of PSM predicted high perception of the importance of PSM. In multivariate analysis, senior year and participation in patient safety education in school predicted higher knowledge of PSM. In multivariate analysis, perception of the importance of PSM predicted high practice of PSM. Conclusion: In this study, knowledge was not found to directly affect PSM practice, but was found to affect the perception of the importance of PSM, a significant predictive variable. Thus, the importance of PSM should be strongly emphasized during education.
An influence matrix technique for multi-domain solution of the Navier-Stokes equations in a vorticity-streamfunction formulation

The paper presents new multi-domain algorithms based on the influence matrix technique applied together with the non-overlapping iterative domain decomposition method for solution of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in vorticity-streamfunction formulation. The spectral Chebyshev collocation method and the influence matrix algorithm are applied for solution of the Stokes problem in each subdomain resulting from time discretization of the Navier-Stokes equations, while the patching conditions (continuity of the solution and continuity of its first order derivative) at the interfaces between subdomains are satisfied using the iterative domain decomposition algorithm.
How Investor Perceptions Drive Actual Trading and Risk-Taking Behavior

Recent work in behavioral finance showed how investors' perceptions (i.e., return expectations, risk tolerance, and risk perception) affect hypothetical trading and risk-taking behavior. However, are such perceptions also capable of explaining actual trading and risk-taking behavior? To answer this question, we combine monthly survey data with matching brokerage records to construct a panel dataset allowing us to simultaneously examine investor perceptions and behavior. We find that investor perceptions and changes therein are important drivers of actual trading and risk-taking behavior: Investors with higher levels of and upward revisions of return expectations are more likely to trade, have higher turnover, trade larger amounts per transaction, and use derivatives. Investors with higher levels of and upward revisions in risk tolerance are more likely to trade, have higher buy-sell ratios, use limit orders more frequently, and hold riskier portfolios. Investors with higher levels of risk perception are more likely to trade, have higher turnover, have lower buy-sell ratios, and hold riskier portfolios.
Real earnings management of operation before and after the implementation of IFRS using cash flow measurement approach

The timeframe of this study is two years, before the implementation of IFRS in 2011 and after the implementation of IFRS in 2013. The population of this study is manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. From the existing 179 companies, 92 companies were selected according to the criteria of the sampling method and then determined as the subjects of the study. The data were secondary data obtained in the form of ready-made (provided) through publications and infor-mation issued by various organizations or public companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The focus of this study is to examine the differences in the real earnings management with the measurement of cash flow operation before and after the implementation of IFRS. Roychowdhury (2006) stated that the indication of real earnings management is the interval between -0.075 and 0.075. The results show that there is no difference between real earnings management with the measurement of cash flow operation before the implementation of IFRS and real earnings man-agement with the measurement of cash flow operation after the implementation of IFRS.
WAVE PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION ON PERMEABLE VERTICAL WALLS

The pressure distribution at permeable vertical walls is investigated within a comprehensive large-scale test programme considering experiments with a variation of wave parameters and structure porosities. Monochromatic non breaking and slightly breaking waves on such structures are examined and results are compared to the GODA formula for impermeable vertical walls and a modified GODA method which has been developed here for permeable walls. Two parameters involving the structure porosity are introduced to account for the nonlinear processes at permeable walls. Using these parameters new prediction formulae have been derived for the pressure distribution at the wall.
Genotypic and phenotypic relationship among maturity and yield traits in maize hybrids (Zea mays L.)

Ten maize hybrids were evaluated at Agriculture Research Institute, Tarnab Farm, Peshawar with the aim to estimate variation among maize hybrids during spring season 2010. Randomized complete block design with 3 replications was used for hybrids evaluation. Data were recorded on days to 50% pollen shedding, days to 50% silking, anthesis-silking interval, plant height, ear height, number of cobs ha-1 and grain yield. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the maize hybrids for above mentioned traits. Maize hybrid population 2006 × (WD-3×6) took minimum days to pollen shedding (85.0 days) and silking (86.0 days) with desirable anthesis-silking interval of 1.0 day. The same hybrid was also short statured (155.5 cm plant height) with the desirable ear height of 75.0 cm. However, the maximum grain yield of 9.3 t ha-1 was produced by maize hybrid Guard BC followed by Pioneer hybrid (8.8t ha-1) and NT-6621 (8.7 t ha-1). Days to pollen shedding exhibited significantly positive genotypic correlation with days to silking (rG = 0.97, P = 0.01), and anthesis-silking interval (rG = 0.82, P = 0.01). Days to pollen shedding showed significantly positive phenotypic correlation with days to silking (rp = 0.92, P = 0.01), ASI (rp = 0.61, P = 0.01) and plant height (rp = 0.36, P = 0.05). Days to silking exhibited significantly positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation with anthesis-silking interval (rG = 0.94, P = 0.01 and (rp = 0.87, P = 0.01), Days to silking showed significantly positive phenotypic correlation with plant height (rp = 0.37, P = 0.05). Plant height exhibited significantly positive genotypic correlation with ear height (rG = 0.96, P = 0.01). Further evaluation at several locations of the province both in spring and kharif seasons is needed to identify desirable hybrids with specific adaptation.
The Value Assimilation Effect Between University Professors and Their Students in the Classroom

In the clinical, therapy context, it has consistently been found that while therapists’ value systems are stable, clients’ values are less stable and become congruent with their therapists’ values over the course of psychotherapy (e.g., Schwehn & Schau, 1999). This phenomenon is termed the Value Assimilation Effect (VAE). This study examined if the VAE occurs in the university context between professors and students, that is if students’ values assimilate to their professors. The current study tested three main hypotheses: 1) students demonstrate value change over time while professors’ values remain relatively stable over time; 2) students’ attributes influence value change; and 3) students assimilate to their professor’s values. In a sample of 20 classrooms, 14 professors, and 414 students, it was found that students’ values did change over time, both for values-bases classes and for non-values based classes. Students’ attributes, specifically their initial commitment to values and religious commitment, were predictive of value change with those more committed to values reporting less value change over the semester. Students were found to assimilate their values to their professor’s values. This was influenced by class type (values versus non-values based) and students’ belief in their professor’s ability to teach. Unexpectedly, professors’ impact on students’ religiosity was the most consistent and robust finding in this study. The magnitude and direction of change in students’ values were influenced by their professor’s level of religiosity. The benefits and concerns of value assimilation are also discussed.
The causes of mergers: tests based on the gains to acquiring firms' shareholders and the size of premia

Despite the large number of event studies of mergers that have been undertaken, considerable disagreement still exists over whether mergers increase the value of the merging firms, and if so why. Most event studies measure the average returns to the acquired and acquiring companies' shareholders separately, and based on these averages conclude either that mergers increase wealth, or that they reduce it. From this the authors go on to claim support either for a hypothesis about how mergers increase efficiency, or for one that claims they do not. This paper develops a methodology that uses the distribution of gains and losses across the two samples of firms, and their relationship to one another to test four hypotheses about why mergers occur: (1) the market-for-corporate-control hypothesis, (2) the synergy hypothesis, (3) the managerial discretion hypothesis, and (4) the hubris hypothesis. The hypotheses are tested with data for 168 mergers between large companies from 1978 through 1990. Considerable support is found for the managerial discretion and hubris hypotheses, and some support is found for the market-for-corporate-control hypothesis. Little or no support is found for the hypothesis that mergers create synergies and that shareholders of both the acquiring and acquired firms share gains from these synergies. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EFFECTS OF PERIODIC DISTURBANCES FROM TRAMPLING ONROCKY INTERTIDAL ALGAL BEDS

We investigated the ability of an assemblage of animals and plants on rocky shores in southeastern Australia to resist and/or recover from repeated pulse disturbances in the form of trampling. Disturbances of four different intensities were applied experi- mentally over six summers, with no human access at other times of the year. The dominant intertidal plant, the brown alga Hormosira banksii, was affected by trampling, but the effects were heterogeneous between sites. At two sites, a series of pulse disturbances produced a series of pulse responses, although the effect of a given pulse varied among years, possibly related to the severity of summer desiccating conditions each year. At the third site, pulse disturbances produced a press response; at high levels of trampling, Hor- mosira was almost eliminated within 2 yr, and at two intermediate levels of trampling, cover was reduced from >90 to 60-70%, where it remained for 4 yr. Effects of trampling showed little small-scale spatial variation. Untrampled areas did fluctuate through time, often as a result of summer burnoff of algae. Natural disturbances occurred irregularly through the study, and their effects varied on very small spatial scales (among plots <30 m apart). Trampling enhanced the densities of a range of herbivorous mollusks, especially limpets, and reduced the abundance of articulated coralline algae, which were abundant in the understory of Hormosira mats. These effects varied among sites but showed much less variation on smaller spatial scales. The reductions in coralline algae may be a direct effect of trampling, but increases in mollusk abundance occurred some time after changes to Hormosira cover, and those changes may be an indirect effect of trampling. We compared the effects of trampling on areas of the shore that had been trampled for two and four summers, to test whether a past history of disturbance influenced the effect of a new disturbance. No significant effects were found on algae or mobile animals, although a mild summer may have made our test of history relatively weak. Hormosira banksii fits the definition of a keystone species or engineer and, as such, is an appropriate focus for management and as an indicator. Spatially heterogeneous effects of a constant physical perturbation, however, mean that management of these rocky shores requires more complex models and indicate that caution should be used in adopting this species as a uniform indicator of environmental change.
Return and Volatility Spillover among Banks and Insurers: Evidence from Pre- and Post-Crisis Periods

We investigate the interdependencies among the U.S., U.K., EU and Japanese banking and insurance industries within a VAR-BEKK multivariate-GARCH framework. Cross-market and cross-industry return and volatility transmissions and the changes in these effects during the 2007-2009 crisis are examined. Several main results are obtained. First, linkages across the banking markets considered are strong at both return and volatility levels and mostly of a contagious nature, especially during the crisis. Second, U.S. emerges as the leading provider of volatility information in the banking industry. Return transmission is also in effect from U.S. banks to those in EU and U.K., while Japanese banks show weaker integration. Third, U.S. and EU insurance markets show bidirectional return and volatility contagion, which remain equally strong during the crisis, while Japanese insurers are little affected by cross-market shocks. Fourth, global banking and global insurance portfolios exhibit strong return and volatility spillovers which become more potent during the crisis. Information about return and volatility spillovers among banks and insurers sheds light on the interdependencies of the world financial markets, guides hedging and diversification strategists and aids investment advisors and fund managers interested in accurate asset pricing and risk management. More importantly, understanding of the shifts in market linkages during stressed market conditions can help in the design of regulatory standards aimed at reducing the frequency and intensity of future systemic crises and formulation of successful monetary policy across industrialized countries.
Marine bacterioplankton show bursts of rapid growth induced by substrate shifts

Diel dynamics of marine bacterioplankton was monitored at sampling sites in the Both- nian Sea (NB1) and the Mediterranean Sea (Villefranche Bay). At both locations, considerable diel variation was found in bacterial production, with highest values recorded during midday and lower values during night and early morning. The abundance of bacteria scored by the number of nucleoid- containing cells (NUCC) also changed during the day, with minimum numbers during midday. The bacterial turnover rate based on thymidine incorporation and NUCC varied between 0.22-0.31 and 0.48-2.40 d -1 in the Bothnian Sea and Mediterranean, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the community turnover rate and phosphate concentration both in the Bothnian Sea and in the Mediterranean. In the Mediterranean, nutrient addition experiments showed that phosphate was the least available 'commodity' for the bacterial community. Combined addition of phosphate and glucose stimulated bacterial growth more than a single addition of either substrate alone, reaching a bacterial turnover of 2.4 d -1 . This value was equal to the maximum turnover rate found in situ during the daily cycle. Our results suggest that bacterioplankton rapidly adjust their growth rate in response to diel changes in nutrient supply.
Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cell Area-Dependent Parameter Fluctuation

Organic solar cell efficiency is known to be active area dependent and is usually a problem in the upscale factor for market applications. In this work, a detailed study of organic photovoltaic devices with active layer based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)-propyl-1-phenyl-(6,6)C61 (PCBM) is made, evaluating the effect of the change on the active area from 10−2 to 4 cm4. The device structure was kept simple in order to allow the understanding of the physical effects involved. Device figures of merit were extracted from the equivalent circuit using a genetic-based algorithm, and their relationship with the active area was compared. It is observed that the efficiency drops significantly with the active area increase (as the fill factor) while the parallel and series resistance, adjusted to the active area, seems to be relatively constant and increases linearly, respectively. The short circuit current and the generated photocurrent also drop significantly with the active area increase. The open circuit voltage does not show major changes. These results are discussed considering the main influences for the observed efficiency data. Particularly, as the basic circuit model seems to fail to explain the macroscopic results, the behavior can be related with the enlargement of defect interaction.
Ordered Consumer Search

The paper discusses situations in which consumers search through their options in a deliberate order, in contrast to more familiar models with random search. Topics include: the existence of ordered search equilibria with symmetric sellers (all consumers first inspect the seller they anticipate sets the lowest price, and a seller which is inspected first by consumers will set the lowest price); the use of price and non-price advertising to direct search; the impact of consumers starting a new search at their previous supplier; and the incentive a seller can have to raise its own search cost. I also show how ordered search can be reformulated as a simpler discrete choice problem without search frictions or dynamic decision making.
Whose value is it anyway? A neo-institutionalist approach to articulating and evaluating artistic value

The neoliberal agenda which has dominated the creative industries for the past few decades has engendered a range of problems for arts and cultural managers and policymakers. This article critiques the wholesale application of economic, business and management tools, theory and principles to arts and cultural organizations; it then proposes solutions to assist these organizations in creating, identifying and evaluating value on their own terms and in line with their missions and organizational objectives. The solutions proposed are generated by an application of the literature on arts management and evaluation, cultural policy and sociology and through qualitative research into audiences’ articulations of value. The article reports and analyzes the responses of 34 semi-structured depth interviews on the value of theatre with participants drawn from audiences in the UK and Australia. It highlights the discrepancies between the neo-liberal, instrumental methods of evaluating value imposed on arts organizations by governments and the personal, intrinsic insights provided by audiences themselves. It argues ultimately for a balanced, neo-institutionalist approach to arts management and evaluation, which would evaluate organizational performance in line with artistic goals and objectives. In so doing, it makes a valuable contribution to the ongoing debate about cultural value and provides a creative, alternative evaluation framework for arts managers, marketers and cultural policymakers.
Personal Diary Generation from Wearable Cameras with Concept Augmented Image Captioning and Wide Trail Strategy

Writing diary is not only a hobby but also provides a personal lifelog for better analysis and understanding of a user's daily activities and events. However, in a busy society, people may not have enough time to write in diary all their social interaction. This motivates our proposal to develop a ubiquitous system to automatically generate daily text diary using our novel method for image captioning from photos taken periodically from wearable cameras. We propose to incorporate common visual concepts extracted from a photo to enhance the details of the image description. We also propose a wide trail beam search strategy to enhance the naturalness of text caption. Our captioning method improves the results on MSCOCO dataset on four metrics: BLEU, METEOR, ROUGE-L, CIDEr. As compared to the method proposed by Xu et.al and Neuraltalk of Karpathy, our model has better performance on all four metrics. We also develop smart glasses and a prototype smart workplace in which people can have their personal diary generated from photos taken by smart glasses. Furthermore, we also apply a transformer machine translation model in order to translate captions into Vietnamese language. The results are promising and can be used for Vietnamese people.
Recovery of the sea urchin Diadema antillarum promotes scleractinian coral growth and survivorship on shallow Jamaican reefs

The decline and potential recovery of Caribbean reefs has been the subject of intense discussion and is of great interest to reef ecologists and managers. The recent return of Diadema antillarum sea urchins at some Caribbean locations and the concomitant changes in coral cover and recruitment provide a new perspective on the reversibility of Caribbean coral reef decline. This study examined the influence of recovering populations of Diadema and the subsequent formation of dense urchin zones on the growth and density of newly settled juvenile scleractinian corals. In these urchin zones, where Diadema graze algae, we documented higher growth rates of juvenile corals, and higher densities of small juvenile recruits (likely to be important precursors to reef recovery). Coral survivorship was higher for juvenile corals living in urchin versus algal zones. Roughly 83% of the juvenile corals in urchin zones survived over the 2 yr period of the study, while ~69% survived in the algal zones. Corals in the urchin zones increased in major diameter by an average of 75 ± 7% from 2001 to 2003 versus 24 ± 4% for corals in the algal zones during the same time period. The relatively abrupt decrease in macroalgal cover and the signs of increasing coral cover along the north coast of Jamaica following the return of Diadema, reported here and by other authors, suggest that these reefs have undergone rapid phase shifts, rather than being constrained to alternate stable states. In the Caribbean, it appears that Diadema are effective at enhancing scleractinian coral recruitment and growth and thus could be used as an important manipulative tool for returning reefs to a coral dominated state, especially on reefs that are severely overfished.