Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of group improvisational music therapy on depression in adolescents and adults with substance abuse: a randomized controlled trial**

The effect of group improvisational music therapy on depression in adolescents and adults with substance abuse was investigated. It was hypothesized that group improvisational music therapy would relieve depressive symptoms. Twenty-four Spanish-speaking patients receiving treatment for substance abuse at Fundación José Felix Ribas (FJFR) in Mérida-Venezuela participated in the study. Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) before being randomly assigned to experimental or control groups, each consisting of three cohort groups recruited over a nine-month period. The experimental group received 12 group improvisation sessions over a three-month period, along with the standard treatment program provided at the facility, and the control group received only the standard treatment program. Post-test measures were completed at the end of each three-month treatment cycle. Differences between the groups (pre-test–post-test scores) were calculated (Mann–Whitney U Test). Results showed that both groups were equally matched on all pre-test measures. As for post-test measures, significant differences were found between the groups on HRSD but not the BDI. The experimental group was significantly less depressed after treatment than the control group, as measured by the HRSD. Improvisational music therapy led to statistically significant greater improvements in psychologist-rated depression (HRSD) when compared with the regular treatment program alone; improvisational music therapy had a clinically significant effect. Among limitations of the study were: a small sample size and the absence of a depression assessment tool for substance abuse.
Tip splitting in dendritic growth of ice crystals.

Ice crystals growing vertically upwards in quiescent ultrapure water have been investigated at small subcoolings in the range of 0.035 T1.0 K. At subcooling less than 0.35 K, dendritic tips split and the tip radius ${\mathit{R}}_{2}$ drops because two tips replace one when viewed from the basal plane. The growth velocity and the tip radius of the edge plane of the dendrite, however, are found to remain independent of time and unaffected by the morphological instabilities in the basal plane. In contrast, when the subcooling is greater than 0.35 K, the tips seem to grow with an invariant shape. The shape of drops of water that are in equilibrium with solid ice is observed to be close to a circular disk. From the shape of these drops, the anisotropy of the surface energy in the edge plane, which is an ellipse, is estimated to be about 30%, while the basal plane is found to be indistinguishable from a circle, despite the hexagonal structure of ice. We speculate here that tip splitting in ice dendrites may be a morphological instability caused by the coupling between lack of anisotropy in the basal plane and natural convection, which becomes significant at small \ensuremath{\Delta}T.
Adoption and Implementation of Medications in Addiction Treatment Programs

Objectives:Little is known about the extent to which medications are being implemented as routine care in addiction treatment programs. This research describes medication adoption and implementation within the privately funded treatment sector. Methods:Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 345 administrators of a nationally representative sample of privately funded substance treatment organizations in the United States. Results:Rates of adoption of addiction treatment medications in private sector programs were lower than the adoption of psychiatric medications. Even when analyses were restricted to programs with access to physicians, adoption of each addiction treatment medication had occurred in less than 50% of programs. Within adopting programs, implementation was highly variable. Although approximately 70% of patients with cooccurring psychiatric diagnoses received psychiatric medications, rates of implementation of medication-assisted treatment for opioid dependence and alcohol use disorders were just 34.4% and 24.0%, respectively. Conclusions:Although previous research has documented higher rates of medication adoption in privately funded treatment programs, this study revealed that both adoption and implementation of pharmacotherapies to treat addiction remains modest. Future research should examine the different types of barriers to implementation, such as physician decision making, patient preferences, and system-level barriers stemming from financing and public policy.
Öznel İyi Oluşun Cinsiyet, Yaş Grupları ve Kişilik Özellikleri Açısından İncelenmesi

Bu calismada, oznel iyi olusun, cinsiyet, yas gruplari ve kisilik ozellikleri acisindan incelenmesi amaclanmistir. Calisma, 14-17 yas gurunda (ergenlik), 19-25 yas gurubunda (genc yetiskinlik) ve 26-45 yas gurubunda (yetiskinlik) yer alan toplam 699 (372 kadin ve 327 erkek) kisiyle yurutulmustur. Calismada Sifatlara Dayali Kisilik Testi, Yasam Doyumu Olcegi ve Pozitif-Negatif Duygu Olcegi kullanilmistir. Oznel iyi olus ve cinsiyet arasindaki iliskiler, bagimsiz gruplar icin t-testi teknigiyle; oznel iyi olus ve yas gruplari arasindaki iliskiler tek yonlu varyans analizi teknigi ile oznel iyi olus ve kisilik ozellikleri arasindaki iliskiler coklu regresyon analizi teknigiyle incelenmistir. Analiz sonuclarina gore, 26-45 yas gurubunda yer alan erkeklerin kadinlara oranla yuksek duzeyde oznel iyi olusa sahip olduklari; 19-25 yas gurubundaki bireylerin hem 14-17 hem de 26-45 yas gurubundaki bireylere oranla dusuk duzeyde oznel iyi olusa sahip olduklari bulunmustur. Calismada 14-17 yas gurubundaki bireylerin oznel iyi oluslarini, disa donukluk, sorumluluk ve duygusal dengesizlik kisilik ozelliklerinin anlamli bir sekilde acikladigi sonucuna varilmistir. 19-25 yas gurubundaki bireylerin oznel iyi oluslarini disa donukluk, sorumluluk, yumusak baslilik ve duygusal dengesizlik; 26-45 yas gurubundaki bireylerin oznel iyi oluslarini ise, sorumluluk ve duygusal dengesizlik kisilik ozelliklerinin anlamli bir sekilde acikladigi sonucuna varilmistir. Bulgular literatur isiginda tartisilmistir.
Lipid metabolism in cerebral edema associated with human brain tumor.

DESPITE various investigations into biochemical aspects relating to cerebral edema surrounding brain tumors in man, such as electrolytes, 1 proteins, 2 and enzyme activities, 3 the studies of lipid metabolism in this pathologic process have been very few, 4,5 and one of them was in an acute pyogenic process. 5 In each example evidence of demyelination was present. Morphologic investigation using the electron microscope in similar pathologic processes, both in human materials 6 and in experimental animals, (T. Yanagihara, unpublished data) demonstrated some disturbance in lamination of myelin sheaths. For this reason we have attempted a systematic survey of lipid alterations in relation to the cerebral edema associated with human brain tumors. Report of Cases Materials used in this investigation were obtained at autopsy. Short summaries of each clinical history are as follows: CASE1. —A 64-year-old male patient was hospitalized with a five-month history of temporal lobe epilepsy
Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies.

Reconstructing phylogenies from intraspecific data (such as human mitochondrial DNA variation) is often a challenging task because of large sample sizes and small genetic distances between individuals. The resulting multitude of plausible trees is best expressed by a network which displays alternative potential evolutionary paths in the form of cycles. We present a method ("median joining" [MJ]) for constructing networks from recombination-free population data that combines features of Kruskal's algorithm for finding minimum spanning trees by favoring short connections, and Farris's maximum-parsimony (MP) heuristic algorithm, which sequentially adds new vertices called "median vectors", except that our MJ method does not resolve ties. The MJ method is hence closely related to the earlier approach of Foulds, Hendy, and Penny for estimating MP trees but can be adjusted to the level of homoplasy by setting a parameter epsilon. Unlike our earlier reduced median (RM) network method, MJ is applicable to multistate characters (e.g., amino acid sequences). An additional feature is the speed of the implemented algorithm: a sample of 800 worldwide mtDNA hypervariable segment I sequences requires less than 3 h on a Pentium 120 PC. The MJ method is demonstrated on a Tibetan mitochondrial DNA RFLP data set.
Radioiodine therapy and subsequent pregnancy.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate abortion and fetal congenital anomaly rates in women previously submitted to radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma. STUDY DESIGN A case-control study of 108 pregnant women, 48 cases whose pregnancies were evaluated after they had undergone radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma, and the control group consisted of 60 healthy pregnant women. RESULTS Of a total of 66 pregnancies, 14 conceived within the first year, 51 one or more years after the last administration of 131I, the medical record of one patient was not available. The interval between the last radioiodine therapy administration and conception ranged from 1 month to 10 years. There were a total of 4 miscarriages, 2 of them for unknown reasons. There was one case of congenital anomaly and two preterms birth. Nine women presented the following pregnancy events: placental insufficiency, hypertensive crisis, placental detachment, risk of miscarriage, preterm labour and four miscarriages. No statistical difference was observed between the studied and control groups. CONCLUSION Radioiodine was followed by no significant increase in untoward effects in neither the pregnancy nor the offspring.
Evolution and perspectives of cultivar identification and traceability from tree to oil and table olives by means of DNA markers.

In recent years, an increasing number of typicality marks has been awarded to high-quality olive oils produced from local cultivars. In this case, quality control requires effective varietal checks of the starting materials. Moreover, accurate cultivar identification is essential in vegetative-propagated plants distributed by nurseries and is a pre-requisite to register new cultivars. Food genomics provides many tools for cultivar identification and traceability from tree to oil and table olives. The results of the application of different classes of DNA markers to olive with the purpose of checking cultivar identity and variability of plant material are extensively discussed in this review, with special regard to repeatability issues and polymorphism degree. The characterization of olive germplasm from all countries of the Mediterranean basin and from less studied geographical areas is described and innovative high-throughput molecular tools to manage reference collections are reviewed. Then the transferability of DNA markers to processed products - virgin olive oils and table olives - is overviewed to point out strengths and weaknesses, with special regard to (i) the influence of processing steps and storage time on the quantity and quality of residual DNA, (ii) recent advances to overcome the bottleneck of DNA extraction from processed products, (iii) factors affecting whole comparability of DNA profiles between fresh plant materials and end-products, (iv) drawbacks in the analysis of multi-cultivar versus single-cultivar end-products and (v) the potential of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
MafG Sumoylation Is Required for Active Transcriptional Repression

ABSTRACT A straightforward mechanism for eliciting transcriptional repression would be to simply block the DNA binding site for activators. Such passive repression is often mediated by transcription factors that lack an intrinsic repressor activity. MafG is a bidirectional regulator of transcription, a repressor in its homodimeric state but an activator when heterodimerized with p45. Here, we report that MafG is conjugated to SUMO-2/3 in vivo. To clarify the possible physiological role(s) for sumoylation in regulating MafG activity, we evaluated mutant and wild-type MafG in transgenic mice and cultured cells. Whereas sumoylation-deficient MafG activated p45-dependent transcription normally and did not affect heterodimer activity, repression by the sumoylation-deficient MafG mutant was severely compromised in vivo. Furthermore, the SUMO-dependent repression activity of MafG was sensitive to histone deacetylase inhibition. Thus, repression by MafG is not achieved through simple passive repression by competing for the activator binding site but requires sumoylation, which then mediates transcriptional repression through recruitment of a repressor complex containing histone deacetylase activity.
Coughing frequency in patients with persistent cough: assessment using a 24 hour ambulatory recorder.

Cough is an important symptom of many respiratory disorders. We determined the frequency and diurnal variation of cough in normal subjects and in patients with asthma or with persistent cough of unknown cause. We used a portable, solid-state, multiple-channel recorder to record cough sounds over a 24 h period. The audio-signal was recorded from a unidirectional microphone strapped over the chest wall, and electromyographic (EMG) signals from the lower respiratory muscles were simultaneously registered with surface electrodes. The recorded digital data were examined on an IBM-compatible computer, and the typical signals induced by cough (as assessed by voluntary or experimentally-induced cough) were counted. In 12 normal subjects, only 0-16 coughs were recorded over 24 h. In 21 stable asthmatics with a history of chronic cough ("asthma") the median number was 282 (ranges: 45-1,577), and in 14 patients with the predominant symptom of daily dry coughs ("chronic coughers") the median number was 794 (64-3,639). In both groups of patients, there was a diurnal variation of coughs, such that the least numbers occurred between 2 and 5 a.m. (< 3% of total). In the asthma group, there was no significant correlation between forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (% predicted) or diurnal variation of peak expiratory flow and cough frequency. In the chronic coughers, there was a significant correlation between daytime cough numbers and daytime cough symptoms scores but not for the night-time values. Our data show that cough frequency is not determined by the severity of asthma in relatively stable asthmatics on inhaled steroids, and is reduced during sleep in both asthmatics and chronic cough patients. This portable cough recorder may be useful in the assessment of drug therapy for chronic cough.
PE is a functional domain responsible for protein translocation and localization on mycobacterial cell wall

The PE family of Mycobacterium tuberculosis includes 98 proteins which share a highly homologous N‐terminus sequence of about 110 amino acids (PE domain). Depending on the C‐terminal domain, the PE family can be divided in three subfamilies, the largest of which is the PE_PGRS with 61 members. In this study, we determined the cellular localization of three PE proteins by cell fractionation and immunoelectron microscopy by expressing chimeric epitope‐tagged recombinant proteins in Mycobacterium smegmatis. We demonstrate that the PE domain of PE_PGRS33 and PE11 (a protein constituted by the only PE domain) contains the information necessary for cell wall localization, and that they can be used as N‐terminal fusion partners to deliver a sufficiently long C‐terminus‐linked protein domain on the mycobacterial cell surface. Indeed, we demonstrate that PE_PGRS33 and Rv3097c (a lipase belonging to the PE family) are surface exposed and localize in the mycobacterial cell wall. Moreover, we found that PE_PGRS33 is easily extractable by detergents suggesting its localization in the mycobacterial outer membrane. Beyond defining the cellular localization of these proteins, and a function for their PE domains, these data open the interesting possibility to construct recombinant mycobacteria expressing heterologous antigens on their surface for vaccine purposes.
Educational differences in excessive alcohol consumption: the role of psychosocial and material stressors.

BACKGROUND Socioeconomic differences in health are determined mainly by socioeconomic differences in unhealthy behavior. Little is known, however, about the mechanisms that account for socioeconomic differences in unhealthy behavior, such as excessive alcohol consumption. In this paper we examined educational differences in excessive alcohol consumption in The Netherlands and whether these may be explained by educational differences in experienced stress and stress-moderating factors. METHODS Data were obtained from the baseline survey of the Longitudinal Study on Socio Economic Health Differences in 1991. Excessive drinking was defined as drinking more than six glasses on 3 or more days a week or more than four glasses on 5 or more days a week. Socioeconomic status was indicated by educational level. Stressors were divided into psychosocial and material factors. Analyses were performed for women (n = 756) and men (n = 1,006) separately, among drinkers only. RESULTS Excessive alcohol consumption was more common among lower educational groups. Material stressors, such as financial problems, deprivation, and income, were related to part of the educational gradient in excessive alcohol consumption. Differences in stress-moderating factors were not related to the educational gradient in excessive drinking. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that improvement of material conditions among the lower educational groups could result in a reduction of socioeconomic differences in excessive alcohol consumption.
Incipient spontaneous granulosa cell tumour in the gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus

In 167 cases of granulosa cell tumour (GCT) in the gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus, 42.5% (71 cases) were in the ovaries, with no evidence of macroscopic lesion. In this paper, we describe the common findings in the incipient – microscopic – type of this spontaneous ovarian tumour occurring in gerbils younger than two years of age.
Referenceless phase velocity mapping using balanced SSFP

Phase contrast MRI (PC‐MRI) is an established technique for measuring blood flow velocities in vivo. Although spoiled gradient recalled echo (GRE) PC‐MRI is the most widely used pulse sequence today, balanced steady state free precession (SSFP) PC‐MRI has been shown to produce accurate velocity estimates with superior SNR efficiency. We propose a referenceless approach to flow imaging that exploits the intrinsic refocusing property of balanced SSFP, and achieves up to a 50% reduction in total scan time. With the echo time set to exactly one half of the sequence repetition time (TE = TR/2), we show that non‐flow‐related image phase tends to vary smoothly across the field‐of‐view, and can be estimated from static tissue regions to produce a phase reference for nearby voxels containing flowing blood. This approach produces accurate in vivo one‐dimensional velocity estimates in half the scan time compared with conventional balanced SSFP phase‐contrast methods. We also demonstrate the feasibility of referenceless time‐resolved 3D flow imaging (called “7D” flow) in the carotid bifurcation from just three acquisitions. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pathogenesis of enteric Campylobacter infection

Campylobacter jejuni and related species are important human pathogens, causing acute human enterocolitis, and they are the most common cause of food-borne diarrhoea in many industrialized countries. Previous infection with certain strains of C. jejuni is also linked with the development of the neurological disorder Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Despite its importance as a human pathogen, relatively little is understood of the mechanisms of C. jejuni-associated disease. The recent release of the complete genome sequence of C. jejuni strain NCTC 11168, together with new strategies for random and directed mutagenesis, have allowed a better insight into some of the genetic determinants of C. jejuni virulence. In this review current knowledge on the pathogenesis of C. jejuni infection is summarized, and possible directions of future research indicated.
Interbar current analysis of induction motors using 3-D finite-element method considering lamination of rotor core

The losses and efficiency of induction motors are analyzed considering the interbar currents, which flow from the rotor bars into the rotor core. The three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element method with the modeling of the laminated rotor core is applied in order to take the skin effect and the magnetic saturation of the core into account. The calculated losses and efficiency are compared with the measurement. The measured and calculated results agree well. It is clarified that both the rotor core and rotor cage losses increase due to the interbar currents and that the main components of these losses are caused by the stator slot harmonics
Double-positive maternal serum screening results for down syndrome and open neural tube defects: An indicator for fetal structural or chromosomal abnormalities and adverse obstetric outcomes.

OBJECTIVE The study was designed to evaluate whether double positive maternal serum screening results for Down syndrome and open neural tube defects indicate an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcome. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective case-control study was conducted. In a cohort of 170,394 women who underwent maternal serum triple screening in Ontario, Canada, between October 1995 and September 1998, 189 women received positive screening results for both Down syndrome and neural tube defects. Each case was matched to 5 control subjects who had negative screening results for test center, maternal age, and specimen date. The risks for adverse perinatal outcomes were compared. RESULTS Women with double-positive screening results had significantly higher risks of having fetuses with structural abnormalities (odds ratio, 14.5) and chromosomal anomalies (odds ratio, 36.3). They also had higher risks of having preeclampsia (odds ratio, 6.7), small-for-gestational age (odds ratio, 9.7), preterm delivery (odds ratio, 5.9), miscarriage, and intrauterine fetal death (odds ratio, 11.8). CONCLUSION Double-positive maternal serum screening results are associated with fetal structural and chromosomal abnormalities and/or adverse pregnancy outcomes. Close fetal and maternal surveillance are indicated when such pregnancies are identified.
Synthetic antigens composed exclusively of L- or D-amino acids. I. Effect of optical configuration on the immunogenicity of synthetic polypeptides in mice.

Two random linear co-polymers composed exclusively of D-amino acids were found to elicit a primary response in mice; the sera were assayed by the indirect precipitin reaction. 247, p (D-Tyr, D-Glu, D-Ala) was studied intensively and compared to a similar polypeptide, 253, p (L-Tyr, L-Glu, L-Ala), of opposite optical configuration. The primary response to the D-isomer in adjuvant is highly dose-dependent, showing a sharp maximum around 1 μg/mouse, while that to the L-isomer in adjuvant is largely dose-independent. At low doses the D-isomer is as immunogenic as the L-isomer. Re-injection of the D-isomer led to no increase in titre; re-injection of the L-isomer gave a typical secondary response. The antibodies formed to both isomers were highly stereospecific. The D-isomer was 50–1000 times as efficient at inducing paralysis as the L-isomer, and the paralysis was specific. The differences between the D- and L-isomers are thought to be explained by the much greater capacity of the D-isomer in inducing immunological paralysis.