Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
REQUJREi\lEi"T FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF BU

Despite massive literature on effects of governments' 0\\-11ership. there is stiiJ no consensus on the impact of government ownership/control on firm performance. The objective of the stud) was to assess the effect of government ownership/control on the financial performance of partially privatised listed firms. This study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population of this study was the 56 firms listed on the Nairobi Stock Exchange as at August of 201 1. A sample of 16 fmns with government shareholding was selected. Secondary data was collected from the annual financial statements of the companies sampled from the Capital Markets Authority, Nairobi Stock Exchange or the respective company premises (including their websites). Data on government ownership/control and firms' financial performance was sought from the annual reports and financial statements. For performance, three year (2008 201 0) data for each of the fmns was sought. A descriptive, univariate and multivariate analysis of data was performed with the aid of SPSS. The descriptive results showed that 7% of firms listed on the NSE are government controlled either ownership by the treasury or a combination of the treasury and other government affiliated institutions. Using non-parametric tests, the study found that there were no statis tically significant differences between those which were controlled by the government and those that were not with respect to all the variables except for the shares owned by the treasury. Further, the analysis revealed no significant differences in the performance of government controlled firms and non-government controlled firms. From the rank and normal regression, government shareholding and control did not significantly influence iv performance of firms. The study concluded that financial performance of fums listed on the NSE is not affected by government shareholding or control. It is recommended that the government does not necessarily need to shed of its shareholding as has been the practice in the recent past where the Treasury sells of their shareholding to the public to reduce their control on the firms. This is because the financial performance of partially privatized listed firms is indifferent to the government shareholding or control.
3D MODELLING OF A WIND TURBINE USING CFD

Turbine efficiency remains a critical component of the overall economic justification for a potential wind farm. There is therefore a requirement for prediction methodologies that are capable of addressing the in-situ performance of multiple turbine installations within a specific local environment and operating in a range of conditions. The work presented here is the first stage in a programme of work that aims to develop a practical engineering methodology for the CFD-based assessment of multiple turbine installations. In this first stage a CFD benchmarking exercise was performed using the wind turbine design in the Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment (UAE) conducted by the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Initially blade sections were analysed in 2D and the results used to construct and validate a 3D CFD model of the turbine. The 3D results were used to develop estimates for actuator disk induction factors. Finally these factors were used to modify the classical actuator disk treatment of wind turbines. The results from the modified actuator disk model were in good agreement both with CFD and experiment. 1.0 Maximum Ideal Efficiency The ideal, frictionless efficiency of a wind turbine was predicted by A. Betz in 1920 using a simple one-dimensional model. The rotor is represented by an "actuator disk" that creates a pressure discontinuity of area A and local velocity V (1, 2). The control volume of the model is defined by a stream tube whose fluid passes through the rotor disk. The wind at the inlet to the model has an approach velocity V0 over an area A0, and a slower downstream velocity V3 over a larger area A3 at the outlet. A simple schematic of the model is given in Figure 1.
TTNDFD: A New Approach to Evaluate Forages

Fiber is a complex material whose digestibility varies due to forage species, forage variety, plant maturity and growing environment. The NDF fraction represents a ‘bulky’, slow-to-digest feed component which can restrict feed intake and energy utilization. While this is a critical measure of feed quality, it only reveals part of the story about fiber. In order to optimize the utilization of forages, fiber digestibility (pdNDF) and the rate at which fiber digests (kd) must also be accounted for because both greatly affect feed intake and production. Fiber digestibility is more variable than the digestibility of any other feed component and the NDF fraction accounts for 30 to 40% of the digestible energy (DE) in high quality forages. Apparent total tract NDF digestibility is commonly reported in forage evaluation studies and provides a useful measure of the contribution of fiber to the DE value of feeds. The objective of this paper is to present an approach for measuring and indexing forage digestibility that can be used in the field to formulate diets and evaluate feeds.
Recent advances in the turbulent Rayleigh–Taylor instabilitya)

In the turbulent Rayleigh–Taylor instability, the light fluid penetrates the heavy fluid as bubbles with a diameter Db and amplitude hb that grow self-similarly Db∝hb∼αbAgt2 where A is Atwood number, g is acceleration, and t is time. Experiments measure an acceleration constant αb∼0.04–0.08 whereas the highest resolution three-dimensional numerical simulations obtain αb∼0.02–0.03 with idealized initial conditions. This paper reconciles this apparent discrepancy with new simulations that quantify the importance of initial conditions on αb. The results compare favorably with experiments and a model based on self-similar bubble dynamics.
Factors Affecting Body Mass Index Of Children And Adolescents With Learning Disability In Kelantan, Malaysia

Objectives: This study was conducted with two objectives, i) to assess the prevalence of malnutrition among children and adolescents with learning disability (LD) in Kelantan, a rural state located at the north-eastern region of Peninsular Malaysia; and ii) to examine the associations of participants’ socioeconomic and feeding characteristics with their body mass index (BMI). Methods: A total of 271 children and adolescents with LD aged between 4 to 19 years old were recruited from 32 community-based rehabilitation centres using purposive sampling method. Standing height and body weight of participants were measured. Socioeconomic and feeding information were obtained from their primary caregivers through interviews using structured questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to examine the associations of socioeconomic and feeding characteristics with participants’ BMI. Results: The prevalence of underweight among children and adolescents with LD was 22.5%; while another 22.1% of them were overweight and obese. Multiple linear regression models showed that being Down’s syndrome (Adjusted regression coefficient β=2.63, p<0.001), birth weight (β=1.41, p=0.005), caregiver’s years of education (β=-0.26, p=0.003), eating duration (β=-0.06, p=0.025) and not needing food texture modification (β=2.63, p=0.001) were significantly associated with participant’s BMI. No significant association between monthly household income, ambulatory status, seizure status and eating ability with their BMI was found. Conclusions: This study presented that children and adolescents with LD in Kelantan were suffering from the double burden of malnutrition. The above findings would be helpful for the public health care system to initiate socialcultural sensitive rehabilitation strategies towards this population. Please download the full paper by clicking on the PDF file below.
Incentive for risk sharing and trust formation: experimental and survey evidence from Bangladesh

Using data from a unique household survey and an artefactual field experiment conducted in rural Bangladesh, this study evaluates the impact on trust in community members of an incentive to maintain a risk-sharing arrangement between villagers. Risk sharing is a major opportunity for cooperation in rural economies, and the experience of cooperation could facilitate trust. In order to test this hypothesis, this study characterizes the incentive for risk sharing by the patterns of exogenous income shocks in the real world and risk preference, and trust in community members is elicited experimentally. The empirical results from dyadic regression demonstrate that villagers connected by a stronger incentive form higher level of trust. It is also found that villagers are more likely to share risks in villages that have stronger incentives. These findings suggest that the introduction of formal insurance, which reduces the incentive of risk sharing, could break down trust.
A faulting model for the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake

By comparing synthetic particle velocities with the near-source strong motion data we have constructed, by trial and error, a faulting model for the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake. The calculation of the synthetic seismograms takes into account the vertical inhomogeneity of the elastic parameters in the Imperial Valley and the spatial variation of the slip rate parameters on the fault plane. The independent slip rate parameters are (1) the strike-slip rate amplitude, (2) the dip-slip rate amplitude, (3) the duration that slip rate is nonzero (the rise time of the slip function) and (4) the rupture time, which determines when the slip rate is initiated. Our faulting model has the following principal features: (1) Faulting occurred on the Imperial fault and on the Brawley fault, rupture on the Brawley fault being triggered by rupture on the Imperial fault. (2) The Imperial fault is a plane 35 km long and 13 km wide with a strike of 323°, measured clockwise from north, and a dip of 80° NE. The Brawley fault is a 10 km long and 8 km wide plane with a strike of 360° and a dip of 90°. (3) Faulting on the Imperial fault is primarily right-lateral strike slip with a small component of normal dip slip in the sediments at its northern end. The larger strike-slip rates are generally confined between depths of 5 and 13 km with maximum values of about 1.0 m/s. The duration varies on the fault with a maximum of 1.9 s, which is considerably shorter than the total time for the rupture to take place. (4) The rupture velocity on the Imperial fault is highly variable. Locally, it exceeds the shear wave velocity and, in one instance, the compressional wave velocity. The average rupture velocity, though, is less than the shear wave velocity. (5) Although the slip on the Brawley fault contributes only about 4% of the total moment, it greatly affects the ground motion at nearby stations. (6) The total seismic moment is 6.7×1018 N m where the Imperial fault contributes 6.4×1018 N m and the Brawley fault contributes 2.7×1017 N m. In the process of trying almost 300 faulting models, we found that given the elastic parameters of the medium, the synthetic seismograms were most sensitive to the specification of the rupture time. Although the slip rate amplitudes are linearly related to the data, the rupture time and the duration are not. The parameterization of the nonlinear variables has a strong effect on the generation of synthetic seismograms from a finite fault.
The Leveraged ETF Inefficiency in Trending & Range-Bound Markets: An Application Case Study for a 3x Leveraged Gold Miners ETF

The main goal of this paper is to introduce the leveraged ETF die-down price action technical market anomaly (leveraged ETF anomaly), and then to discuss the temporal dimension and the subsequent (time-series) functionalities of this anomaly (temporal leveraged ETF anomaly). Our approach not only challenging the efficient-market hypothesis with regards to constantly declining leveraged ETF price action course, but also has a temporal dimension because it uses the Jesse Livermorei¯s i°psychological timei± as parameter in both functions: (i) i°emotional controli± for opening position at the beginning of an intraday or short-term move and thereafter for holding this position; and (ii) in i°money risk management - exit policyi± for closing position. Traditional fundamental analysis theories and technical analysis rules and approaches are not able to interpret the die-down (i.e. a constantly declining in a mid- and long-term basis) leveraged ETF price action course. Instead, a rational dynamic and temporal representative agent could explain and document better this anomaly and this is the case of this article (i.e. trading exploitation functionality). The presented research shows that the proposed temporal leveraged ETF anomaly accumulates profit entirely overnight in sideways and in choppy markets, while in a trending market the profit occurs intraday. These findings for the leveraged ETF instruments reject classical theories of trending and sideways markets returns. Hence, (i) in a sideways or in a choppy market, a well designed overnight-position return strategy based on temporal leveraged ETF anomaly; and (ii) in a trending market, a well designed daytime-position return strategy based on temporal leveraged ETF anomaly as well, could gain benefit at the expense of hedgers and long-term investors respectively. After back-testing our research in available 5-year data for the JNUG 3x leveraged ETF (gold miners juniors), we found that overnight-position speculators, in sideways or choppy markets, profit from the proposed temporal leveraged ETF trading strategy approach at the expense of hedgers; and daytime swing traders, in trending markets, profit from the proposed temporal leveraged ETF trading strategy approach at the expense of long-term investors.
Spatial distribution of benthic macrofauna in subtidal sediments of the Ría de Aldán (Galicia, northwest Spain)

In the summer of 1997, 27 subtidal stations were quantitatively sampled in the Ria de Aldan. A total of 81770 individuals were collected, comprising 496 species. The distribution and composition of benthic assemblages was correlated to the sedimentary characteristics which, in turn, depend on the hydrodynamic features; those patterns are reflected in a sedimentary gradient present along the ria, which is characterized by an increasing grain size from the inner margins towards the mouth. Several faunal assemblages were determined through multivariate analyses and their composition is compared with that of several communities or facies previously described from similar sediments. The Venus fasciata community was present in clean coarse sediments of the outer ria, the Venus gallina and Tellina fabula-Tellina tenuis communities in the fine-sand bottoms at the centre and margins of the ria, a transition assemblage between the Venus fasciata and the Venus gallina communities in the medium-sand sediments, and a mix of species from the Syndosmya alba and the Amphiura communities in shallower and muddy sediments in the inner areas. In general, subtidal sediments of the Ria de Aldan showed a high benthic diversity which is related to the great sedimentary heterogeneity and the lack of significant anthropogenic alterations.
Extended Postpartum Modern Contraceptive Utilization and Associated Factors among Women in Gozamen District, East Gojam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2014

Introduction: Pregnancies that occur in the first year postpartum are more likely to be unplanned and have adverse outcomes for the mother and baby. Modern contraceptive use during the first year postpartum has the potential to significantly decrease unplanned pregnancies and help to improve maternal and child health. Therefore addressing the extent and factors related to contraceptive utilization of women during extended postpartum period is essential. Objective: This study aimed to assess postpartum modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among extended postpartum women in Gozamen district, East Gojam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Method: A Community based cross-sectional study was carried out on women who were in the first year after child birth. A total of 829 study participants were included using multistage sampling techniques. A structured and pretested questionnaire was used to collect data through face to face interview. Results: The prevalence of modern contraceptive was 46.7% among extended postpartum mothers. The most frequent used method was Injectable (68.2%). Urban residence (AOR=3.1, 95% CI: 1.14, 8.36), Educational status of the women (AOR=4.1, 95% CI: 1,16.9), Discussion with partner (AOR=3.04, 95% CI: 1.12, 8.23), Knowledge of modern contraceptive (AOR=16.01, 95% CI: 5.88, 43.56) and menses resumption (AOR=8.49, 95% CI: 5.04, 14.3) were factors found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Current utilization of postpartum modern contraceptive method was unsatisfactory. Place of residence, educational level, partner involvement, knowledge of modern contraceptive and menses resumption were important determinants of contraceptive use.
Atomistic modeling of deactivation and reactivation mechanisms in high-concentration boron profiles

We use kinetic nonlattice Monte Carlo atomistic simulations to investigate the physical mechanisms for boron cluster formation and dissolution at very high B concentrations, and the role of Si interstitials in these processes. For this purpose, high-dose, low-energy B implants and theoretical structures with fully active box shaped B profiles were analyzed. Along with the theoretical B profile, different Si interstitial profiles were included. These structures could be simplifications of the situation resulting from the regrowth of preamorphized or laser annealed B implants. While for B concentrations lower than 1020 cm−3, B clusters are not formed unless a high Si interstitial concentration overlaps the B profile, our simulation results show that for higher B concentrations, B clusters can be formed even in the presence of only the equilibrium Si interstitial concentration. The existence of a residual concentration of Si interstitials along with the B boxes makes the deactivation faster and more severe.
Lost in Translation: Domestic Violence, ‘The Personal is Political’, and the Criminal Justice System

Current criminal justice domestic violence policies have been severely criticized by some feminist scholars as undermining victim autonomy. This criticism is puzzling given the fact that these policies were drafted in response to the activism of feminists involved in the women’s liberation movement and that autonomy, or the agency of women, was a key goal of this movement. This apparent paradox can be explained, however, by the fact that activists involved in the early battered women’s movement and actors in the current criminal justice regime speak in two different “languages”. Thus, complete victim autonomy is a concept that got lost in the translation of some of the goals of the early battered women’s movement into criminal justice policy. While this Article acknowledges that victim autonomy is not the chief goal of the criminal justice system, it still urges proponents of current criminal justice policies to take seriously the fact that a high number of victims currently do not want to engage with the criminal justice system. This number is an important metric in analyzing the effectiveness of domestic violence policies. First, it underscores the fact that improvements need to be made in victims’ interactions with the criminal justice system and in the criminal justice system’s response to those victims who do ask for help. Second, it highlights the fact that the criminal justice system is a limited tool in addressing what is a social, political, and economic problem. For this reason, a criminal justice solution should be part of broader domestic violence policies that address the complexity of this issue. The economic disparities that women experience as a class and the intersectionality of race, class, sexuality, and gender are important aspects of a broader approach to the domestic violence problem.
The VLA-VIRMOS Deep Field I. Radio observations probing the microJy source population

We have conducted a deep survey (r.m.s noise 17 microJy) with the Very Large Array (VLA) at 1.4 GHz, with a resolution of 6 arcsec, of a 1 square degree region included in the VIRMOS VLT Deep Survey. In the same field we already have multiband photometry down to I(AB)=25, and spectroscopic observations will be obtained during the VIRMOS VLT survey. The homogeneous sensitivity over the whole field has allowed to derive a complete sample of 1054 radio sources (5 sigma limit). We give a detailed description of the data reduction and of the analysis of the radio observations, with particular care to the effects of clean bias and bandwidth smearing, and of the methods used to obtain the catalogue of radio sources. To estimate the effect of the resolution bias on our observations we have modelled the effective angular-size distribution of the sources in our sample and we have used this distribution to simulate a sample of radio sources. Finally we present the radio count distribution down to 0.08 mJy derived from the catalogue. Our counts are in good agreement with the best fit derived from earlier surveys, and are about 50 % higher than the counts in the HDF. The radio count distribution clearly shows, with extremely good statistics, the change in the slope for the sub-mJy radio sources.
Hydrous iron(III)-tin(IV) binary mixed oxide : Arsenic adsorption behaviour from aqueous solution

Groundwater in the Bengal delta plain is primarily in an anoxic environment and As(III)/As(total) ratios reported are in the range of 0.60 to 0.90. Most of the studied adsorbents showed greater adsorption affinity for less toxic As(V) than for more toxic As(III). The synthesis and physicochemical characterizations of iron(III)-tin(IV) binary mixed oxide composite with systematic arsenic adsorption behaviour are reported here. The parameters studied are the effect of pH, adsorption capacity with varying arsenic loads, contact time for kinetics and isotherm modelling by batch method. In the pH range of 3.0 to 9.0, the adsorption of As(III) is found to be nearly the same while that of As(V) decreases with increasing pH for the studied arsenic concentrations (5.0 to 20.0 mg L -1 ). The adsorption data were analyzed using various kinetic and isotherm model equations. The rate of adsorption of As(III) was faster than that of As(V) at equilibrium pH ~7.0 and temperature 30(± 2)oC. The adsorption kinetic data for arsenic fitted best with the Ho’s pseudo-second order [R 2 ~0.99‐1.00 for As(III) and ~0.97‐0.98 for As(V)] and parabolic diffusion (R 2 ~0.98‐0.99) equations. The present kinetic data fitted the power function and simple Elovich kinetic equations well (R 2 = ~0.97‐1.00), except the data obtained for As(III) from the 20.0 mg L -1 solution. The analyses of adsorption data for As(III) and As(V), respectively, at equilibrium pH 6.8(±0.1) and 7.3(±0.1) with three different two-parameter isotherm model equations show the fitting order: Langmuir > Freundlich >Temkin. The monolayer adsorption capacity (θ0, mg g -1 ) values evaluated from the Langmuir isotherm for As(III) and As(V) are 43.86 and 27.55, respectively.