Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tidal triggering of earthquakes in the Swabian Jura

Several statistical tests were used to investigate the possibility that the earthquakes in the Swabian Jura are triggered by the tidal stress in the earth. The results provide weak evidence that the earthquakes tend to occur when the tidal shear stress on the fault plane in the direction supporting the tectonic stress is greatest. A comparison of some of the statistical methods available for investigating tidal triggering effects is made.
Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on Accounting-based Performance of Acquiring Firms in India

Purpose: Merger is a corporate restructuring strategy that affects the performance of the company on many parameters. This study aims to examine the growth of M&A transactions in India in last two decades and the impact of merger on the accounting-based performance of the acquiring company. Methodology: The data of 68 mergers during the year 2007-08 - 2011-12 is analysed to capture the said impact. The accounting-based performance is measured on seven variables divided into three categories- profitability, liquidity and solvency. The accounting-based performance five years’ pre-merger is compared with five years’ post-merger. The similar comparison is done for 3 years pre and post-merger. Average of all the 7 parameters pre and post-merger are compared arithmetically and then using paired sample ‘t’test. The firms were also divided into manufacturing and service sector firms to see the impact of merger on different categories of firms. Findings: We found that merger has significantly impacted profitability and liquidity of the acquiring firm positively in five years but had no significant impact on solvency position of the company. Service sector firms have outperformed manufacturing firms and started showing significant improvement in accounting variables in medium term. Originality: We assure the originality of the work done in this article.
The Assessment of Universal Basic Education Policy in the Provision of School Facilities: A Case Study of Oyo State, Nigeria.

School facilities are over stretched due to the student population explosion in Ibadan South-West Local Government Area of Oyo State. The available classrooms are either dilapidated, uncompleted or with dusty floors that show holes of rodents and ant lion larvae. The study was a descriptive survey design of ex-post facto type. The population for the study was all principals and teachers. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to test hypotheses at 0.05 level of significant. However, it was shown that both school facilities were not statistically significant in relating to graduates from upper basic education. Conclusions were made that School facilities are very strong predictors of enrollment into JSS1. There are supply of school facilities for UBE implementation but not adequate. As government strive to provide more found, school authority should put strict measure against students’ destructive activities for durability of the school facilities.
Brand video virality: The role of audio, visual and plot characteristics

Drawing on theoretical insights from multidisciplinary research in the fields of Multimedia, Internet Marketing, Business Management and Information Systems, this research is set out to explore how video content characteristics affect brand video virality. In this way, this research attempts to address a well-documented gap in existing research on the contributing factors that make brand videos viral (West, 2011; Cashmore, 2009). More specifically, it investigates the effect that particular content characteristics (visual graphics, audio and plot) might have in driving large numbers of consumers/social media users to create online stories about the same brand video by sharing, commenting or liking it in social networks. To examine this, engagements of Social Media users with brand videos were analysed and monitored by using the method of netnography. Following Dobele et al (2007)’s sampling approach, four brand videos selected on the basis of three main criteria: being global, being viral and being examples of a recent viral marketing campaign, were examined. In addition, two online surveys of a total of 351 Social Media users were conducted. The online surveys included open-ended and closed-ended questions regarding the participants’ engagement with different video content characteristics that were included within the brand videos examined. The results of this research suggest that the separate characteristics/components constituting a brand video's content may have an independent effect on the virality of the brand video. More specifically, across the video content characteristics examined, plot was the most powerful in terms of its impact on a Social Media user's decision to create an online story about a brand video in social networks and consequently, enhance its virality. Moreover, the presence of a familiar character/actor within a brand video’s visuals can significantly increase the possibility of the brand video going viral. In respect to the audio, there was evidence that for a brand video to go viral, "music fit" is vital.
Left ventricular strain in patients with Takayasu arteritis with preserved ejection fraction: an analysis using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging feature tracking

Background The alteration of myocardial strain in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate left ventricular (LV) stain in patients with TAK and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (pLVEF) using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging feature tracking (CMR-FT) to analyze risk factors for impaired LV strain and to compare the baseline difference of LV strain between patients with reduced and nonreduced LVEF at 6-month follow-up. Methods In all, 51 patients with TAK and 30 healthy controls were prospectively enrolled. All participants underwent multiple short- and long-axis cine scans with true fast imaging with steady-state precession sequence. In this observational study, LV global and regional longitudinal, circumferential, and radial strain and their strain rates were analyzed with FT on cine images. The relationship between LV strain and clinical data was explored. The baseline LV strain between patients with TAK and reduced and nonreduced LVEF was compared using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) at the 6-month follow-up. Results Patients with TAK with pLVEF showed a decline in baseline global longitudinal peak strain (GLS) [TAK (–13.35%±3.11%) vs. controls (–14.77%±1.74%), P=0.021] and circumferential peak strain (GCS) [TAK (–21.46%±2.66%) vs. controls (–22.75%±2.57%), P=0.027] in comparison with normal controls. The longitudinal peak strain (LPS) in the apical (P=0.003) and midventricular regions (P=0.027) and the circumferential peak strain (CPS) in the basal (P=0.021) and midventricular regions (P=0.008) also decreased in patients with TAK. Patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) or myocardial late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) showed a greater reduction in strain compared with those without PH or LGE. GLS showed a negative association with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), while GCS showed a positive association with disease duration. In the 30 patients who were followed up, the baseline global and apical circumferential diastolic peak strain rates (DPSR) in patients with reduced LVEF were higher than those in patients without reduced LVEF. Conclusions In patients with TAK and pLVEF, CMR-FT indicated that both global and segmental myocardial strain decreased. PH, male gender, long disease duration, elevated ESR, and myocardial LGE were associated with declined LV strain. Baseline increased circumferential DPSR may be associated with the decline in LVEF during follow-up.
Dauernachtarbeit – Eine Sichtung des vorhandenen Wissenstandes mit Thesen, Empfehlungen & Forschungsfragen

Im Falle der Dauernachtarbeit, also einer dauerhaften Schichtarbeit bei Nacht, ste-hen begrundete Befurchtungen erheblicher Nachteile anderen Sichtweisen gegen-uber. Dieser Artikel beruht auf einer umfassenden Literatursuche und einer breiten Diskussion in der Arbeitszeitgesellschaft. Es werden von Expertinnen und Experten konsensual abgestimmte Thesen zu der Wirkung von Dauernachtarbeit sowie zum Forschungsbedarf vorgestellt. Das Kernergebnis der Diskussion ist, dass Dauer-nachtarbeit in den meisten Fallen problematisch ist, aber auch Konstellationen exis-tieren, bei denen die Dauernachtarbeit wenig problematisch oder vielleicht sogar po-sitiv fur manche Personen wirkt. Es besteht ein erheblicher Forschungsbedarf, um hier ein klares Bild zu gewinnen.
Socioeconomic Inequality of Elder Abuse in Qazvin, Iran

Introduction: Socioeconomic status (SES) is often associated with elder abuse. This study aimed to determine SES inequality of elder abuse in Qazvin, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 683 (60–95 years) elders were included in the analysis in 2015. Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test was used to collect data on elder abuse. SES was measured through an asset-based method and principal component analysis. The concentration index and curve were used to measure SES inequality. Results: The concentration index for socioeconomic inequality of elder abuse was −0.0290 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.0498, −0.0081). This index based on residence showed elder abuse is more concentrated among rural elders with lower SES (C = −0.0739, 95% CI: [−0.112, −0.0356]). Conclusion: There is a slightly socioeconomic inequality of elder abuse among elders. Lower SES might be considered as a risk factor for elder abuse. Policymakers should plan for improvement in services to consider the role of SES in elder abuse.
‘Perception matters’: New insights into the subjective dimension of resilience in the context of humanitarian and food security crises

In the emerging literature on resilience in relation to food security, a growing number of studies stress the need to expand our analysis beyond conventional socio-economic factors such as assets or social capital, and to consider less tangible elements such as risk perception, self-efficacy or aspiration. Drawing on the recent literature and the authors’ own experience, a conceptual framework of subjective resilience is proposed. The framework helps locating the subjective element of resilience within the wider resilience conceptualization as currently developed in the literature on food security and to clarify how it links to the more tangible elements of that conceptualization. Empirical data are then used to test the framework. The analysis demonstrates the relevance of the concept of subjective resilience and the central role that psychosocial factors and individual perceptions play in people’s construct of resilience in the context of humanitarian and food security crises. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of those findings.
An assessment of the impact of corporate governance practices on the values of firms in the United Kingdom and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia : a comparative study using the Ethical Process Thinking Model (EPTM)

ii DEDICATION.v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.vi TABLE OF CONTENTS.vii LIST OF TABLES.xv LIST OF FIGURES.xvii LIST OF ABBREVIATION.xviii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.1 1.1 BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW.1 1.2 MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY.10 1.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES.14 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS.16 1.4. 1 Board Characteristics. 16 1.4. 2 Audit Committee. 17 1.4. 3 Firm Characteristics.18 1.5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND METHODS.20 1.5. 1 Data Collection.20 1.5. 2 Statistical Analyses.21 1.5. 3 Research Methods.21 1.6 CONTRIBUTION TO THE LITERATURE AND KNOWLEDGE.22 1.7 OUTLINE OF THE REMAINING CHAPTERS.24 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.26 2.
Healthy retirement begins at school: educational differences in the health outcomes of early transitions into retirement

Abstract The literature on socio-economic variations in the association between retirement timing and health is inconclusive and largely limited to the moderating role of occupation. By selecting the sample case of Mexico where a sizeable number of older adults have no or very little formal education, this study allows the moderating role of education to be tested properly. Drawing on panel data for 2,430 individuals age 50 and over from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) and combining propensity score matching models with fixed-effects regressions, this article investigates differences in the health effects of retirement timing between older adults with varying years of education. Subjective health is measured using a self-reported assessment of respondents’ overall health and physical health as a reverse count of doctor-diagnosed chronic diseases. The results indicate that early transitions into retirement are associated with worse health outcomes, but education fully compensates for the detrimental association with subjective and physical health, while adjusting for baseline health, demographics and socio-economic characteristics. In conclusion, formal education during childhood and adolescence is associated with a long-term protective effect on health. It attenuates negative health consequences of early retirement transitions. Policies and programmes promoting healthy and active ageing would benefit from considering the influence of formal education in shaping older adults’ health after the transition into retirement.
Do Networks or Performance Impact the Promotion of Chinese Officials? Evidence from Prefecture‐Level Cities

This study examines the effects of connections and economic performance on the promotion of Chinese city mayors. Our study differs from the published literature in four respects. First, this study covers a comprehensive data set, including 1,422 mayors from 284 prefecture‐level cities. The use of a large data set helps resolve mixed results of past studies. Second, we use a broader range of top leaders. Third, we apply a more comprehensive definition of connections than earlier studies. Finally, we examine the effects of the policy shift of the 11th 5‐year plan on promotion of mayors. Our results reveal that the performance of a city mayor assisted his/her promotion to party secretary before 2006 but not afterwards. However, a mayor's connection with five types of top leaders is helpful. Among the four types of connection, colleagueship is the most effective in expediting the promotion of mayors. Graduating from the same university and department is also helpful but to a lesser extent. Township connection is not useful.
Neurotoxin and Alpha-Neurotoxin Time-Resolved Absorption and Resonance FT-IR and Raman Bio spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory (DFT) Investigation of Vibrionic-Mode Coupling Structure in Vibrational Spectra Analysis

α-Neurotoxins are a group of neurotoxic peptides found in the venom of snakes in the families Elapidae and Hydrophiidae. They can cause paralysis, respiratory failure, and death. Members of the three-finger toxin protein family, they are antagonists of post-synaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the neuromuscular synapse that bind competitively and irreversibly, preventing synaptic acetylcholine (ACh) from opening the ion channel. Over 100 α-neurotoxins have been identified and sequenced. Parameters such as FT-IR and Raman vibrational wavelengths and intensities for single crystal Neurotoxin and Alpha-Neurotoxin are calculated using density functional theory and were compared with empirical results. The investigation about vibrational spectrum of cycle dimers in crystal with carboxyl groups from each molecule of acid was shown that it leads to create Hydrogen bounds for adjacent molecules. The current study aimed to investigate the possibility of simulating the empirical values. Analysis of vibrational spectrum of Alpha-Neurotoxin is performed based on theoretical simulation and FTIR empirical spectrum and Raman empirical spectrum using density functional theory in levels of F/6-31G*, HF/631++G**, MP2/6-31G, MP2/6-31++G**, BLYP/6-31G, BLYP/6-31++G**, B3LYP/6-31G and B3LYP6-31-HEG**. Vibration modes of methylene, carboxyl acid and phenyl cycle are separately investigated. The obtained values confirm high accuracy and validity of results obtained from calculations [1-42] (Figure 1). Figure 1: Molecular structure of Neurotoxin (left) and Alpha–Neurotoxin (right).
School bullying, body size, and gender: an intersectionality approach to understanding US  children’s bullying victimization

Abstract We examine separate and combined effects of children’s body size and gender on school bullying victimization in the United States. Second-grade data for the 2012/13 school year from the US Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Cohort, 2011 were analyzed, hierarchical generalized logistic modeling was used, and three forms of school bullying were studied. Girls were less likely than boys to be verbally or physically bullied, and obese children were more likely to be verbally and relationally bullied than non-obese children. The protective effect of gender extends to obese girls when obesity is not a risk factor (physical bullying). When obesity is a risk factor, gender is not protective (verbal bullying) or is a risk factor (relational bullying) for girls. These findings suggest that an intersectional body size–gender lens is crucial to understanding how inequality is produced through school bullying. Future interventions should incorporate an intersectional understanding of school bullying.
The development of the justice system in Ancient Egypt from the Old to the Middle Kingdom

Primary Funders: Arts & Humanities Research Council (AHRC) - Cambridge Doctoral Training Partnership (DTP) (Grant Reference Number AH/L503897/1); Robinson College Lewis Scholarship Additional Funders (research visits): Santander Mobility Grant Scheme (Banco Santander & International Student Office, University of Cambridge) Berner Altorientalisches Forum (University of Bern) Robinson College Graduate Conference Allowance
A reliability and content analysis of Italian language anorexia nervosa-related websites

Objective Internet represents a major source of information related to health issues, increasingly used by providers. Indeed, there are numerous websites concerning eating and weight disorders, such as anorexia nervosa. The aim of the current investigation was to systematically perform a reliability and content analysis of Italian language anorexia nervosa-related websites. Methods Reliability of the anorexia nervosa website pages was assessed using the Health on the Net Foundation Code of Conduct Standards (HonCode®) certification mark. A comprehensive content analysis (thematic cluster analysis, correspondence analysis of emerging themes and topics, density and degree-centrality analysis, and co-word analysis) was performed using the commercial software T-Lab. Results 402 unique website pages were included and analyzed in the current study. Statistically significant differences related to the accomplishment or less to the items of the HonCode® certificate mark were found for all items, except for confidentiality and webmaster/additional contact. From the thematic cluster analysis, four clusters were identified: namely, treatment (26.6%), vomiting (24.7%), weight (24.4%) and onset-age (24.3%). Treatment (in particular, cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy) was the most represented theme (with a frequency of 97.76%, recurring in 393 websites). Pro-ana content characterized 147 website pages (with a frequency of 36.57%). Conclusion The quality of Italian language anorexia nervosa-related websites was rather moderate-poor, being generally inconsistent with the principles of the HonCode® certification mark. Therefore, physicians and health authorities should be aware of such findings to provide their patients with proper answers and education.
Governance in Areas of Limited Statehood: The NGOization of Palestine

In this article, we examine the shifting roles played by non-state actors in governing areas of limited statehood. In particular, we focus on the emergence of voluntary grassroots organizations in Palestine and describe how regimes of international development aid transformed these organizations into professional nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) that created new forms of colonial control. Based on in-depth interviews with 145 NGO members and key stakeholders and a historical analysis of limited statehood in Palestine, we found that social relations became disembedded from the local context and re-embedded in new relations with international donor organizations resulting in a depoliticized public sphere. NGOization of the economy also resulted in new forms of exclusion and inclusion as well as contestations between a new class of urban middle-class professionals working in NGOs and the older generation of activists who were involved in grassroots organizations. Our findings have implications for business and human rights and governance in areas of limited statehood, in particular how private actors such as NGOs are able to exercise power in the economy.
Applications of SPOT-7 tri-stereo imagery in deriving the surface topography and mass changes of glaciers in Indian Himalaya

Abstract The present study describes the application of satellite images of SPOT 7, acquired on 10 October 2014 for producing the high spatial resolution digital elevation models of five glaciers in the Indian Himalaya. For data processing, we applied a Semi-Global Matching algorithm deployed in LPS- ERDAS. Ground control points were also used for validation, which were obtained during the autumn of 2014. Then, precise estimate are derived for the glacier area, the terminus elevation, the areas of supraglacial debris and the areas of proglacial lakes. Further, the ASTER (obtained in 2011) and SRTM V3 (of 2000) elevation models were used in conjunction with the generated SPOT-7 DEM to estimate the glaciers mass balance between 2000, 2011 and 2014. Mass balance was observed negative for all five glaciers, but the mass loss decreased from the mean of –0.99 ± 0.27 m.w. e.a−1 in 2000–2011 to –0.61 ± 0.31 m.w. e.a−1 from 2011 to 2014.