Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of natural dietary supplementation with Macleaya cordata extract containing sanguinarine on growth performance and gut health of early‐weaned piglets

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Sangrovit® (SAG; minimum of 1.5% sanguinarine, a quaternary benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloid extracted from Macleaya cordata) on growth performance, intestinal morphology, intestinal microflora and its metabolites of early-weaned piglets. A total of 20 healthy weaned piglets (Duroc× [Large White×Landrace]), weaned at 21 days of age with an average body weight (BW) of 6.52 ± 0.23 kg, were randomly assigned to receive either a corn-soybean meal basal diet (CTR) or a basal diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg SAG (SAG). During the 21-days trial, we collected and analysed intestinal tissues and the luminal digesta for their morphology and populations of gut microbiota, as well as for measuring the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and ammonia. Compared with the CTR group, supplementation with SAG improved average daily gains (p = 0.011) and average daily feed intake (p = 0.037). Piglets fed the SAG diet had an average lower value for crypt depth of the jejunum (p = 0.011) and greater values for villus height in the ileum (p = 0.015) and ratios of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum (p < 0.01) and in the ileum (p = 0.027) than did animals receiving the CTR diet. The addition of SAG increased the amounts of Lactobacillus in the ileum (p = 0.033) and caecum (p < 0.01), and tended to increase the amounts of Bifidobacterium (p = 0.058) in the caecum, while decreasing the amounts of Escherichia coli (p = 0.046) and Salmonella spp. (p = 0.035) in the ileum, as well as Salmonella spp. (p = 0.029) in the caecum. Dietary supplementation with SAG enhanced (p < 0.05) the concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate and total SCFAs, and also tended to increase the level of valerate (p = 0.055 and p = 0.052) in the ileal and caecal contents when compared with the CTR group. Concentrations of ammonia also declined in the caecal (p = 0.037) and ileal (p = 0.046) digesta in response to SAG. These results indicate that feeding early-weaned piglets a SAG-supplemented diet can potentially improve their growth performance and intestinal morphology, and can modify the intestinal luminal environment in a beneficial manner.
Incidence of Pathogenic Variants in Those With a Family History of Pancreatic Cancer

Discovery of a hereditary cancer syndrome can be one of the factors that determine whether a healthy individual completes pancreas cancer screening or whether an individual with cancer receives certain chemotherapies. Retrospective review was completed to determine the likelihood of detection of a pathogenic variant causing a hereditary cancer syndrome based on personal and family history. Study was completed through the hereditary cancer clinic at Mayo Clinic Florida over a 6 year period, 1/2012 through 1/2018. All participants were referred based on suspicion for a hereditary cancer syndrome based on personal and/or family history. Patients' personal oncologic history at time of consultation was recorded, as well as, cancer diagnoses in the family history and the number of family members with a history of pancreas cancer. Test result and gene name, if variant was pathogenic or likely pathogenic, were noted as well. A total of 2,019 patients completed genetic testing during study period. Personal history of cancer included a variety of primaries, including breast (N = 986), ovarian (N = 119), colon (N = 106), prostate (N = 65), and pancreas (N = 59). A positive result was discovered in 11% of the total group. Two hundred and eighty five reported a family history of pancreas cancer. The incidence of pathogenic variants was 13% (37/285) in those with any family history and 23% (13/56) in those with two or more relatives with pancreatic cancer. Those with multiple relatives with pancreatic cancer were significantly more likely to carry a pathogenic variant than those with a personal history of breast cancer under the age of 45 (23.2 vs. 11.9%, p = 0.02). Presence of multiple family members with a reported history of pancreatic cancer significantly increased the likelihood that a pathogenic variant would be identified in the patient even over other significant risk factors, like personal history of early onset breast cancer.
Prospective Assessment of Daily Patterns of Mood-Related Symptoms

Background: The Mood Rhythm Instrument (MRI) is a new self-report questionnaire that aims to assess, the presence, and timing of daily patterns of mood-related symptoms. Here, we examined the reliability of the MRI against a prospective daily investigation over the course of 15 days. As a secondary aim, we examined whether the number of items with a perceived daily pattern correlated with severity of depressive symptoms and psychological well-being. Methods: Thirty-two participants recruited from the general population were asked to prospectively fill out a daily version of the MRI (MRI-d) for 15 days. On the 16th day, they filled out the MRI, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the World Health Organization 5-item well-being index (WHO-5). Results: The MRI showed high agreement with the MRI-d, which suggests that the MRI is a valid tool to assess daily patterns of mood symptoms. The number of mood symptoms perceived as having daily peaks correlated positively with BDI scores and negatively with WHO-5 scores. Conclusions: The MRI might be a valid tool to investigate the presence of daily patterns and the timing of mood-related factors.The MRI does not seem to be influenced by recall or recency biases. Future studies should test the usefulness of this new clinical instrument in individuals with mood disorders, as well as its ability to detect changes in the daily timing of mood symptoms before and after treatment.
Semi-Supervised Generative Adversarial Nets with Multiple Generators for SAR Image Recognition

As an important model of deep learning, semi-supervised learning models are based on Generative Adversarial Nets (GANs) and have achieved a competitive performance on standard optical images. However, the training of GANs becomes unstable when they are applied to SAR images, which reduces the feature extraction capability of the discriminator in GANs. This paper presents a new semi-supervised GANs with Multiple generators and a classifier (MCGAN). This model improves the stability of training for SAR images by employing multiple generators. A multi-classifier is introduced to the new GANs to utilize the labeled images during the training of the GANs, which shares the low level layers with the discriminator. Then, the layers of the trained discriminator and the classifier construct the recognition network for SAR images after having been finely tuned using a small number of the labeled images. Experiments on the Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) databases show that the proposed recognition network achieves a better and more stable recognition performance than several traditional semi-supervised methods as well as other GANs-based semi-supervised methods.
On the Age of Information With Packet Deadlines

We study the age of information, which is a measure of the freshness of a continually updated piece of information as observed at a remote monitor. The age of information metric has been studied for a variety of different queueing systems, and in this paper, we introduce a packet deadline as a control mechanism to study its impact on the average age of information for an M/M/1/2 queueing system. We analyze the system for the cases of a fixed deadline and a random exponential deadline and derive closed-form expressions for the average age. We also derive a closed-form expression for the optimal average deadline for the random exponential case. Our numerical results show the relationship of the age performance to that of the M/M/1/1 and M/M/1/2 systems, and we demonstrate that using a deadline can outperform both the M/M/1/1 and M/M/1/2 without deadline.
Self-Injection-Locked AIA Radar Sensor Using PLL Demodulator for N oncontact Vital Sign Detection

In this paper, a new self-injection-Iocked radar sensor with a self-oscillating active-integrated-antenna (AIA) and a phase-locked-loop demodulator is presented for noncontact vital sign detection. The AIA is developed to simultaneously radiate the radio-frequency signal and receive the back-scattered injection signal, which is phase-modulated by the chest movement of the human subject. According to the injection-locking theory, the oscillation frequency of the AIA will be shifted by injecting a signal with a phase variation, which amounts to the frequency modulation. Hence, the vital sign can be demodulated by a PLL demodulator. The developed radar sensor has been experimentally verified as the human subject is located at the distances of 1.5 m away from the radar sensor.
Generalist and Specialist Mite Herbivores Induce Similar Defense Responses in Maize and Barley but Differ in Susceptibility to Benzoxazinoids

While substantial progress has been made in understanding defense responses of cereals to insect herbivores, comparatively little is known about responses to feeding by spider mites. Nevertheless, several spider mite species, including the generalist Tetranychus urticae and the grass specialist Oligonychus pratensis, cause damage on cereals such as maize and wheat, especially during drought stress. To understand defense responses of cereals to spider mites, we characterized the transcriptomic responses of maize and barley to herbivory by both mite species, and included a wounding control against which modulation of defenses could be tested. T. urticae and O. pratensis induced highly correlated changes in gene expression on both maize and barley. Within 2 h, hundreds of genes were upregulated, and thousands of genes were up- or downregulated after 24 h. In general, expression changes were similar to those induced by wounding, including for genes associated with jasmonic acid biosynthesis and signaling. Many genes encoding proteins involved in direct defenses, or those required for herbivore-induced plant volatiles, were strongly upregulated in response to mite herbivory. Further, biosynthesis genes for benzoxazinoids, which are specialized compounds of Poaceae with known roles in deterring insect herbivores, were induced in maize. Compared to chewing insects, spider mites are cell content feeders and cause grossly different patterns of tissue damage. Nonetheless, the gene expression responses of maize to both mite herbivores, including for phytohormone signaling pathways and for the synthesis of the benzoxazinoid 2-hydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one glucoside, a known defensive metabolite against caterpillars, resembled those reported for a generalist chewing insect, Spodoptera exigua. On maize plants harboring mutations in several benzoxazinoid biosynthesis genes, T. urticae performance dramatically increased compared to wild-type plants. In contrast, no difference in performance was observed between mutant and wild-type plants for the specialist O. pratensis. Collectively, our data provide little evidence that maize and barley defense responses differentiate herbivory between T. urticae and O. pratensis. Further, our work suggests that the likely route to specialization for O. pratensis involved the evolution of a robust mechanism to cope with the benzoxazinoid defenses of its cereal hosts.
Utilisations des plantes désignées comme adventices par les populations riveraines de la forêt classée de Sanaimbo (centre-est de la Côte d’Ivoire).

Objectifs : En agronomie, les adventices sont considerees comme nuisibles et l’on cherche toujours des methodes de lutte pour reduire leur impact sur la production des cultures agricoles. Mais comme toute plante, elles peuvent posseder des vertus. Ce travail vise a determiner les utilisations faites des plantes « adventices » par les populations paysannes des villages environnants la foret classee de Sanaimbo situee au centre-est de la Cote d’Ivoire. Methodologie et resultats : La methode d’approche est une enquete ethnobotanique realisee aupres des populations. Elle s’est faite par une interview directe sur la base d’un questionnaire prealablement concu. L’etude a montre que les populations riveraines de la foret classee de Sanaimbo, connaissent et maintiennent dans leurs champs environ 77 especes d’adventices qu’elles utilisent a plusieurs fins. Ainsi, elles sont employees a 79% dans la medecine traditionnelle, 11% dans l’alimentation et 10% dans les autres domaines tels que la chasse, l’habitat, la vannerie. Conclusion et applications des resultats : Le fort taux d’utilisation des mauvaises herbes dans le domaine therapeutique montre bien, que les populations de ces localites dependent plus de la medecine traditionnelle et de la phytotherapie que de la medecine moderne qu’elles jugent couteuse. Mots cles : Mauvaise herbe, ethnobotanique, foret classee, centre-est, Cote d’Ivoire
A meta-analysis reveals the environmental and host factors shaping the structure and function of the shrimp microbiota

The shrimp or prawn is the most valuable traded marine product in the world market today and its microbiota plays an essential role in its development, physiology, and health. The technological advances and dropping costs of high-throughput sequencing have increased the number of studies characterizing the shrimp microbiota. However, the application of different experimental and bioinformatics protocols makes it difficult to compare different studies to reach general conclusions about shrimp microbiota. To meet this necessity, we report the first meta-analysis of the microbiota from freshwater and marine shrimps using all publically available sequences of the 16S ribosomal gene (16S rRNA gene). We obtained data for 199 samples, in which 63.3% were from marine (Alvinocaris longirostris, Litopenaeus vannamei and Penaeus monodon), and 36.7% were from freshwater (Macrobrachium asperulum, Macrobrachium nipponense, Macrobranchium rosenbergii, Neocaridina denticulata) shrimps. Technical variations among studies, such as selected primers, hypervariable region, and sequencing platform showed a significant impact on the microbiota structure. Additionally, the ANOSIM and PERMANOVA analyses revealed that the most important biological factor in structuring the shrimp microbiota was the marine and freshwater environment (ANOSIM R = 0.54, P = 0.001; PERMANOVA pseudo-F = 21.8, P = 0.001), where freshwater showed higher bacterial diversity than marine shrimps. Then, for marine shrimps, the most relevant biological factors impacting the microbiota composition were lifestyle (ANOSIM R = 0.341, P = 0.001; PERMANOVA pseudo-F = 8.50, P = 0.0001), organ (ANOSIM R = 0.279, P = 0.001; PERMANOVA pseudo-F = 6.68, P = 0.001) and developmental stage (ANOSIM R = 0.240, P = 0.001; PERMANOVA pseudo-F = 5.05, P = 0.001). According to the lifestyle, organ, developmental stage, diet, and health status, the highest diversity were for wild-type, intestine, adult, wild-type diet, and healthy samples, respectively. Additionally, we used PICRUSt to predict the potential functions of the microbiota, and we found that the organ had more differentially enriched functions (93), followed by developmental stage (12) and lifestyle (9). Our analysis demonstrated that despite the impact of technical and bioinformatics factors, the biological factors were also statistically significant in shaping the microbiota. These results show that cross-study comparisons are a valuable resource for the improvement of the shrimp microbiota and microbiome fields. Thus, it is important that future studies make public their sequencing data, allowing other researchers to reach more powerful conclusions about the microbiota in this non-model organism. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis that aims to define the shrimp microbiota.
Slab Air-Filled Substrate Integrated Waveguide

The slab air-filled substrate integrated waveguide (SAFSIW) is presented as a compromise between the high performance air-filled substrate integrated waveguide (AFSIW) and low profile dielectric-filled substrate integrated waveguide (DFSIW). Both theoretical and experimental studies are presented in order to investigate SAFSIW structures. To the authors' best knowledge, this is the first time that an SAFSIW-to-DFSIW transition is reported. A 90° phase shifter based on SAFSIW and a patent pending mounting process is also introduced. Measured results show a very high figure of merit (FoM) over the Ka-band. A phase difference of $\mathbf{86}\pm \mathbf{5}. \mathbf{4}^{\pmb{\circ}}$, an amplitude imbalance of $\mathbf{0}. \mathbf{05}\pm \mathbf{0}. \mathbf{15}\ \mathbf{dB}$ and a FoM of $\mathbf{457}^{\pmb{\circ}}/\mathbf{dB}$ are obtained.
The accuracy of passive phone sensors in predicting daily mood

Smartphones provide a low‐cost and efficient means to collect population level data. Several small studies have shown promise in predicting mood variability from smartphone‐based sensor and usage data, but have not been generalized to nationally recruited samples. This study used passive smartphone data, demographic characteristics, and baseline depressive symptoms to predict prospective daily mood.
Post‐selection inference for ℓ1 ‐penalized likelihood models

We present a new method for post‐selection inference for ℓ1 (lasso)'penalized likelihood models, including generalized regression models. Our approach generalizes the post‐selection framework presented in Lee et al. (2013). The method provides P‐values and confidence intervals that are asymptotically valid, conditional on the inherent selection done by the lasso. We present applications of this work to (regularized) logistic regression, Cox's proportional hazards model, and the graphical lasso. We do not provide rigorous proofs here of the claimed results, but rather conceptual and theoretical sketches. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 46: 41–61; 2018 © 2017 Statistical Society of Canada
Pediatric Online Disaster Preparedness Training for Medical and Non-Medical Personnel: A Multi-Level Modeling Analysis

Abstract Introduction Terrorism and natural catastrophes have made disaster preparedness a critical issue. Despite the documented vulnerabilities of children during and following disasters, gaps remain in health care systems regarding pediatric disaster preparedness. This research study examined changes in knowledge acquisition of pediatric disaster preparedness among medical and non-medical personnel at a children’s hospital who completed an online training course of five modules: planning, triage, age-specific care, disaster management, and hospital emergency code response. Methods A multi-disciplinary team within the Pediatric Disaster Resource and Training Center at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (Los Angeles, California USA) developed an online training course. Available archival course data from July 2009 to August 2012 were analyzed through linear growth curve multi-level modeling, with module total score as the outcome (0 to 100 points), attempt as the Level 1 variable (any module could be repeated), role in the hospital (medical or non-medical) as the Level 2 variable, and attempt by role as the cross-level effect. Results A total of 44,115 module attempts by 5,773 course participants (3,686 medical personnel and 2,087 non-medical personnel) were analyzed. The average module total score upon first attempt across all participants ranged from 60.28 to 80.11 points, and participants significantly varied in how they initially scored. On average in the planning, triage, and age-specific care modules: total scores significantly increased per attempt across all participants (average rate of change ranged from 0.59 to 1.84 points) and medical personnel had higher total scores initially and through additional attempts (average difference ranged from 13.25 to 16.24 points). Cross-level effects were significant in the disaster management and hospital emergency code response modules: on average, total scores were initially lower among non-medical personnel compared to medical personnel, but non-medical personnel increased their total scores per attempt by 3.77 points in the disaster management module and 6.40 points in the hospital emergency code response module, while medical personnel did not improve their total scores through additional attempts. Conclusion: Medical and non-medical hospital personnel alike can acquire knowledge of pediatric disaster preparedness. Key content can be reinforced or improved through successive training in an online course. PhamPK, BeharSM, BergBM, UppermanJS, NagerAL. Pediatric online disaster preparedness training for medical and non-medical personnel: a multi-level modeling analysis Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(4):349–354.
Antioxidant Activity as Biomarker of Honey Variety

Honey variety is commonly defined by beekeepers based on nectar flow availability and the only laboratory method to provide verification is the melissopalynological analysis. Therefore, a quick and simple method for accurate assessment of honey variety is still being researched. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of honey as an indicator of variety through the use of multivariate statistical analysis. Materials for the study consisted of 90 samples of varietal Polish honeys (rape-12, tilia-10, goldenrod-11, dandelion-5, buckwheat-6, multifloral-17, nectar-honeydew-8 and coniferous honeydew-16 and leafy honeydew-5) obtained directly from apiaries. Honeys were investigated in aspect of antioxidant capacity by photochemiluminescence (PCL) methods using standard ACW and ACL kits. As the reference FRAP and DPPH methods were used. The total phenolics content (TPC) was determined through the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The strongest antioxidant activity was found for buckwheat, while the weakest was found for rape honeys regardless of the used method. Results of the used methods were positively correlated (r = 0.42 to 0.94). Analysis conducted by PCL method confirmed that the minor fraction of honey antioxidants exhibits hydrophobic properties. Clear separation of honey varieties using PCA and Clustering method indicate that antioxidant activity can be a useful parameter for determining the botanical origin of honey.
Introducing the Cybersurvival Task: Assessing and Addressing Staff Beliefs about Effective Cyber Protection

Despite increased awareness of cybersecurity incidents and consequences, organisations still struggle to convince employees to comply with information security policies and engage in effective cyber prevention. Here we introduce and evaluateThe Cybersurvival Task, a ranking task that highlights cybersecurity misconceptions amongst employees and that serves as a reflective exercise for security experts. We describe an initial deployment and refinement of the task in one organisation and a second deployment and evaluation in another. We show how the Cybersurvival Task could be used to detect ‘shadow security’ cultures within an organisation and illustrate how a group discussion about the importance of different cyber behaviours led to the weakening of staff’s cybersecurity positions (i.e. more disagreement with experts). We also discuss its use as a tool to inform organisational policy-making and the design of campaigns and training events, ensuring that they are better tailored to specific staff groups and designed to target problematic behaviours.