Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does access to small scale irrigation promote market oriented production in Ethiopia

The study examined the extent and nature of market oriented production in irrigated compared to rainfed systems in Ethiopia. By doing so the paper identifies the role of irrigation in market-oriented production, while at the same time highlighting the main constraints to market oriented development. Our results indicate that irrigation contributes significantly to increases in market participation, volume of marketed produce and, hence, income, by inducing shifts in farmers\u2019 cropping mix. The impact of commercialization of production on household food security is not direct and immediate mainly because of failures in the food market. While irrigation enhances market production, there are series of factors that pose serious constraints to market production. Land size, oxen holding, access to market and means of transport were found to be important determinants of market oriented production calling for policy interventions in land markets, access to productive assets and infrastructure development and policy measures to improve the performance of agricultural markets. The study also found education has market promoting effect in terms of increasing the probability of participation and volume of sale. Increased support to education can, thus, help in the long-term to transform traditional subsistence agriculture into more market-oriented agriculture. Finally there are unobserved site specific effects, related to location and other covariates, which influence market participation and volume decisions.
Is tidal heating sufficient to explain bloated exoplanets? Consistent calculations accounting for finite initial eccentricity

We present the consistent evolution of short-period exoplanets coupling the tidal and gravothermal evolution of the planet. Contrarily to previous similar studies, our calculations are based on the complete tidal evolution equations of the Hut (1981) model, valid at any order in eccentricity, obliquity and spin. We demonstrate both analytically and numerically that except if the system was formed with a nearly circular orbit (e < 0.2), consistently solving the complete tidal equations is mandatory to derive correct tidal evolution histories. We show that calculations based on tidal models truncated at 2nd order in eccentricity, as done in all previous studies, lead to quantitatively and sometimes even qualitatively erroneous tidal evolutions. As a consequence, tidal energy dissipation rates are severely underestimated in all these calculations and the characteristic timescales for the various orbital parameters evolutions can be wrong by up to three orders of magnitude. These discrepancies can by no means be justified by invoking the uncertainty in the tidal quality factors. Based on these complete, consistent calculations, we revisit the viability of the tidal heating hypothesis to explain the anomalously large radius of transiting giant planets. We show that even though tidal dissipation does provide a substantial contribution to the planet’s heat budget and can explain some of the moderately bloated hot-Jupiters, this mechanism can not explain alone the properties of the most inflated objects, including HD 209 458 b. Indeed, solving the complete tidal equations shows that enhanced tidal dissipation and thus orbit circularization occur too early during the planet’s evolution to provide enough extra energy at the present epoch. In that case either a third, so far undetected, low-mass companion must be present to keep exciting the eccentricity of the giant planet, or other mechanisms – stellar irradiation induced surface winds dissipating in the planet’s tidal bulges and thus reaching the convective layers, inefficient flux transport by convection in the planet’s interior – must be invoked, together with tidal dissipation, to provide all the pieces of the abnormally large exoplanet puzzle.
Knowledge Spillovers and Knowledge Intensive Business Services: An Empirical Study

Knowledge is increasingly perceived as a central factor for company competitiveness. With the transfer of knowledge one of the core functions of knowledge intensive business service (KIBS) companies, the objective of our research incorporates analysis on how the transfer of knowledge takes place between the higher education sector and the KIBS universe. Our empirical results demonstrate that cooperation between KIBS and universities occurs independent of their location (rural or urban) and typology (professional or technological). We furthermore found that rural KIBS have increased their levels of graduate employment faster than their urban KIBS peers.
Restless legs syndrome in patients on maintenance hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis

Ninety patients on maintenance HD (n=45) and PD (n=45) were included from two medical centers. Diagnosis of RLS was based on the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group criteria, con-firmed by the validated Cambridge-Hopkins questionnaire. Patients were tested for iron state, folate, vitamin B
Verb Movement and Structure of IP In Korean

In the recent proposals of Pollock (1989) and Chomsky (1989), the structure of IP becomes more articulated, each feature of INFL, namely, AGR and Tense being analyzed as the syntactic head of a maximal projection. In these analyses, inflectional morphology is explained in terms of verb movement in syntax. In this paper, we propose a more articulated structure of . IP in Korean which shows rich verbal morphology. Specifically, we show that Korean provides us with strong evidence that each maximal projection proposed in the previous analyses without any argument for its status as a maximal projection really is a maximal projection which can act as an inde­ pendent syntactic unit. In addition, we show how the inflectional morphology in Korean can be explained in terms of Verb movement in syntax. O. Introduction In the recent proposals of Pollock (1989) and Chomsky (1989), the structure of IP becomes more articulated, with each feature of INFL, namely AGR and Tense, being analyzed as the syntactic head of a maximal projection. In these analyses, inflectional morphology is explained in terms of verb movement, i.e., XO-movement in the syntax. In this paper, we are going to propose a more articulated structure of IP in Korean which shows rich verbal morphology and explain the inflectional morphology in terms of V-movement in syntax. As we will see, Korean turns out to be a language which gives strong evidence that each maximal projection pro­ posed in the previous analyses is a really independent syntactic unit. More specifically, we examine the following issues in this paper. First, we will consider how many independent syntactic heads ·we need for the adequate analysis of Korean IP (e.g., CP (or MoodP), AspP, TP, AgrP, Language Research, Vol. 26, Number 2, June 1990 0254-4474/343-371 343
What Positive Impacts Does Peer Tutoring Have Upon The Peer Tutors at SQU

This paper attempts to provide an answer to the question: What positive impacts does peer tutoring have upon the peer tutors at SQU? It is conducted in the LC Tutorial Centre at Sultan Qaboos University where senior English language students are hired to tutor their peers who are struggling with the language. It sheds light on the peer tutors' academic, social, professional, psychological, and personal gains. Data were gathered from twenty-five currently employed peer tutors through a survey questionnaire and a group discussion. The study results prove the success of the adopted one-on-one peer-tutoring program in contributing to the peer tutors' development. The PTs benefited academically through the resources available in the TC and exchanging knowledge with their peers. They also found peer-tutoring a good chance to practice their language skills. Furthermore, the experience opened a horizon for students to expand their social network by making friendships with different students and staff. The PTs learnt to be more responsible, confident, patient, outgoing, and punctual. Most of all, the peer tutors explored the feelings of fulfillment and achievement through hearing positive feedback from their tutees and believing themselves to be productive members of SQU campus life and a reason for somebody's success in learning the English language. Keywords: Peer learning, Peer Tutoring, Peer Tutor, Tutorial, Tutorial Center, Tutor, SQU, Oman, Positive Impact, SQU, Oman. Abbreviations: PT (Peer tutor), SQU (Sultan Qaboos University), LC (Language Centre), SSU (Student Support Unit), TC (Tutorial Center), GPA (Grade Point Average)
Comparison of the Frequentist MATA Confidence Interval with Bayesian Model-Averaged Confidence Intervals

Model averaging is a technique used to account for model uncertainty, in both Bayesian and frequentist multimodel inferences. In this paper, we compare the performance of model-averaged Bayesian credible intervals and frequentist confidence intervals. Frequentist intervals are constructed according to the model-averaged tail area (MATA) methodology. Differences between the Bayesian and frequentist methods are illustrated through an example involving cloud seeding. The coverage performance and interval width of each technique are then studied using simulation. A frequentist MATA interval performs best in the normal linear setting, while Bayesian credible intervals yield the best coverage performance in a lognormal setting. The use of a data-dependent prior probability for models improved the coverage of the model-averaged Bayesian interval, relative to that using uniform model prior probabilities. Data-dependent model prior probabilities are philosophically controversial in Bayesian statistics, and our results suggest that their use is beneficial when model averaging.
Community metabolism and air-sea C02 fluxes in a coral reef ecosystem (Moorea, French Polynesia)

Community metabolism (primary production, respiration and calcification) and air-sea CO2 fluxes of the 'Tiahura barrier reef' (Moorea, French Polynesia) were investigated in November and December 1991 Gross production and respiration were respectively 640.2 to 753 and 590.4 to 641.5 mm01 (02 or CO2) m-' d-l (7.7 to 9.0 and 7.1 to 7.7 g C m-2 d ' ) and the reef displayed a slightly negative excess (= net) production. The contribution of planktonic primary production to reef metabolism was negligible (0.15 ? 4, of total gross production). Net calcification was positive both during the day and at night; its daily value was 243 mm01 CaCO, m-2 d ' (24.3 g CaC03 m m 2 d-l). Reef metabolism decreased seawater total CO2 by 433.3 mm01 m-d-' The air-sea CO, fluxes were close to zero in the ocean but displayed a strong daily pattern at the reef front and the back reef. Fluxes were positive (COz evasion) at night, decreased as irradiance increased and were negative during the day (COz invasion) Integration of the fluxes measured during a 24 h experiment at the back reef showed that the reef was a source of CO2 to the atmosphere (1 5 minol m-2 d-l).
“The tutor never asked me questions”: Pronunciation and student positioning at university

A student who speaks English as an additional language believes that her tutor is not asking her questions during the tutorial discussion because “he’s worried I won’t understand him or he won’t understand me”. Being spared the embarrassment of this potential confusion is a good thing, but in the long term, this student is missing out on opportunities to participate and practise her speaking and pronunciation in this class. Being positioned as someone not to be called on to interact in class can have a negative impact on learners. What can Academic Language and Learning educators say and do to assist students and tutors in these kinds of situations to overcome the embarrassment associated with needing to negotiate meaning when speaking with an accent? This paper describes strategies used to address these issues with university students who use English as their additional language and puts forward a model for understanding pronunciation and its role in speaker identity formulation. Theory underpinning this model is based on sociolinguistic work on speaker identities as formulated through spoken interactions (Bucholtz & Hall, 2005).
Stability of high-Al titanite from low-pressure calcsilicates in light of fluid and host-rock composition

Abstract Titanite of variable Al and F content was found in granulite- to amphibolite-facies calcsilicates in Central Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. The highest observed Al content corresponds to an XAl [= Al/(Al + Ti)] of 0.53. Previously, such high values of XAl were reported from high-pressure rocks, but the titanite of this study is from a lowpressure terrain. The compositional variations in titanite can be described for all samples by a set of three linearly independent exchange vectors added to the CaTiSiO5 endmember titanite. In most rocks, these vectors are Al1F1Ti-1O-1, Ti-0.25M0.25O-1OH1, and OH1F-1; in one sample, the Ti-0.25⃞0.25O-1OH1 vector is replaced by a Si-0.25⃞ 0.25O-1OH1 vector. The actual amount of exchange along these vectors and, therefore, the amount of Al in titanite, depends on P and T, on the composition of the coexisting fluid phase in terms of its H2O/HF fugacity ratio, and on host rock composition in terms of Al2O3/TiO2 activity ratio. It is inferred that, in suitable chemical environments, high-Al titanite is stable over a wide P-T range. Therefore, the Al content of titanite should not be used in geothermobarometry, even qualitatively. Additionally, because of the coupled substitutions Al1F1Ti-1O-1 and Al1OH1Ti-1O-1, the concentration of F in titanite is strongly dependent on the host rock chemistry. This rules out the easy use of titanite as a monitor of fluid composition.
Nasal peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor in a heifer: case report

This report described the clinical signs, pathological and immunohistochemical findings associated with a peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET) in the nasal cavity of a heifer. The heifer exhibited severe breathing difficulty and dysphagia, which were increased over the last thirty days. At autopsy, a large, firm, and whitish mass was found occupying the left frontal sinus and most of the left nasal cavity. Histologically, a malignant neoplastic proliferation was observed, which was composed of small cells typically arranged in nests and mantles, occasionally arranged in palisade, interspersed with moderate connective stroma. The neoplastic cells exhibited strong immunoreactivity to synaptophysin, mild, multifocal immunoreactivity to neuron-specific enolase and vimentin immunoreactivity, with moderate, and multifocal immunoreactivity S-100 protein. These findings suggest that pPNETs should be included in the differential diagnosis of proliferative and obstructive lesions in the nasal cavity of young cattle.
Does paternal sterility impact on progeny germination and survivorship, case study in strawberries

Studies on the parental role on progeny performance have mostly focused on the maternal parent, while less attention was given to the paternal parent. This study investigated the impact of paternal pollen sterility (ranging from 3.1 – to 77.2%) on F 1 seed germination and progeny survivorship in Fragaria (strawberry, Rosaceae) using controlled crosses. In crosses within F. vesca ssp. vesca the paternal pollen sterility was not correlated with F 1 seed germination (N = 14, p > 0.074) and progeny survivorship (N = 14, p > 0. 0.710). Paternal sterility in crosses between F. vesca ssp. vesca and F. vesca ssp. monophylla did not affect on F 1 seed germination (N = 7, p > 0.295) and progeny survivorship (N = 6, p > 0.812). Similarly, no correlation was found between father pollen sterility and F 1 seed germination (N = 6, p > 0.924) and progeny survivorship (N = 6, p > 0.215) in crosses between F. vesca ssp. americana and F. vesca ssp. vesca. Furthermore, crossing different maternal plants by pollen of the same paternal plant in all three cross types produced progeny with variable levels of F 1 seed germination and survivorship. These results indicate the crucial role of maternal plant on progeny performance and support the general idea of the importance of maternal rather than paternal parent on progeny performance.
Ownership Concentration and Debt Structure: Evidence from Top 100 PLCs in Malaysia

This study examines the impact of ownership concentration on debt structure. Based on market capitalisation, we obtained financial and governance data from Top 100 public listed companies in Malaysia for the period 2011-2015. Ordinary least squares and fixed-effect panel models were employed for examining data. The regression results showed that ownership held by the top five shareholders significantly and negatively affected long term debt and total debt ratios. The results remain qualitatively similar in both estimations using the ordinary least squares and fixed-effect panel models. In summary, this study offers some insights into how concentrated ownership influence corporate debt structure.
Subject-field components as integrated parts of LSP dictionaries

The dividing line between specialised lexicography and terminography is non-existent. The focus of preparing dictionaries for a particular subject-field should be the needs of its user group in specific situations. This is catered for by the modern theory of dictionary functions and includes the introduction of subject-field components in dictionaries. Dictionary functions are communication-orientated or cognition-orientated, and the lexicographers must identify the relevant functions and select and present the data so that the dictionary satisfies the needs of the users. The optimal dictionary contains aided fully integrated subject-field components that supplement and complement the data included in the articles.
Evolution of grain size distribution in high-redshift dusty quasars: integrating large amounts of dust and unusual extinction curves

Thediscoveriesofhugeamountsofdustandunusualextinctioncurvesinhigh-redshiftquasars (z 4)castchallengingissuesontheoriginandpropertiesofdustintheearlyUniverse.Inthis Letter, we investigate the evolutions of dust content and extinction curve in a high-z quasar, based on the dust evolution model taking account of grain size distribution. First, we show that the Milky Way extinction curve is reproduced by introducing a moderate fraction (�0.2) of dense molecular-cloud phases in the interstellar medium for a graphite–silicate dust model. Then we show that the peculiar extinction curves in high-z quasars can be explained by taking a much higher molecular-cloud fraction (0.5), which leads to more efficient grain growth and coagulation, and by assuming amorphous carbon instead of graphite. The large dust content in high-z quasar hosts is also found to be a natural consequence of the enhanced dust growth. These results indicate that grain growth and coagulation in molecular clouds are key processes that can increase the dust mass and change the size distribution of dust in galaxies, and that, along with a different dust composition, can contribute to shape the extinction curve.
Nutritional Factors in Three Varieties of Annona Species

: Annona reticulata, Annona squamosa and Annona muricata, the three plants which come under family Annonaceae, is reported to have anti nutritional properties such as Carbohydrate, Fat, Protein, Vitamin A and Vitamin C. This study is done to analyze the nutritional content in the fruits of these three varieties. Analyses were carried out in the laboratory of Department of Environmental Sciences of the institution and the following results were observed. The total carbohydrate in one gram of Annona muricata is 0.168, Annona reticulata is 0.186 mg/g and Annona squamosa is 0.253 mg/g ,The total fat in Annona muricata is 0.003mg/g , Annona reticulata is 0.043 mg/g and Annona squamosa is 0.033 mg/g , The total protein in Annona muricata is 0.029 mg/g , Annona reticulata is 0.016 mg/g and Annona squamosa is 0.017 mg/g , The total vitamin A in Annona muricata is 0.127 mg/g , Annona reticulata is 0.005 mg/g and Annona squamosa is 0.034mg/g, The total vitamin C in Annona muricata is 0.206 mg/g , Annona reticulata is 0.373 mg/g and Annona squamosa is 0.378 gm/g.
Innovation in the Business Sector

This paper draws together the key findings from separate detailed analyses of the determinants of R&D, patenting and the commercial introduction of innovations in the business sector in order to identify the policies, institutions and framework factors that provide the most effective means of supporting innovation. The evidence suggests that there is a clear role for framework conditions, framework policies and specific science policies, both independently and in interaction with each other. Policies that raise the absorptive capacity of the economy (the capacity to understand and make use of new knowledge) are likely to have dual benefits, not only helping to stimulate new innovative activities, but also helping to maximise the benefits to be gained from the existing stock of knowledge. Potential policy trade-offs also need to be taken into account. Some policies that offer benefits for current innovation also have costs that could adversely affect future incentives to innovate. Others have trade-offs when considered in combination. Cross-country differences in the level of R&D intensity are shown to be closely correlated with crosscountry differences in science policies and institutions. Framework conditions and policies have an important influence when accounting for cross-country differences in the rate of change of R&D intensities over time. L'innovation dans le secteur des entreprises Ce document fait la synthese des principales conclusions d’un certain nombre d’analyses detaillees sur les determinants de la R&D, du brevetage et de l’introduction commerciale des innovations dans le secteur des entreprises, afin de pouvoir mettre en evidence les facteurs politiques, institutionnels et structurels qui offrent les meilleures conditions pour soutenir l’innovation. On constate que les conditions et politiques structurelles comme les politiques specifiques de la science ont une importance evidente, tant isolement qu’en interaction les unes avec les autres. Les politiques qui visent a agir sur la capacite d’absorption de l’economie (c’est-a-dire a ameliorer la capacite de comprendre les nouveaux savoirs et d’en faire usage) ont generalement un impact doublement positif : non seulement elles contribuent a stimuler de nouvelles activites d’innovation, mais elles aident en outre a maximiser le benefice que l’on peut tirer du stock de connaissances existantes. Il faut aussi tenir compte des eventuels inconvenients que peuvent avoir ces politiques. Certaines mesures de soutien aux innovations en cours ont aussi des couts qui risquent de penaliser les incitations a l’innovation dans l’avenir. D’autres ont des effets pervers si elles sont combinees. On demontre que les ecarts d’intensite de R&D d’un pays a l’autre sont etroitement correles aux differences observees au niveau des politiques scientifiques et des etablissements de recherche. Les conditions cadres et les politiques jouent un role non negligeable pour expliquer les differences d’un pays a l’autre dans le rythme d’evolution de l’intensite de R&D au fil du temps.