Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Urbanisation et transition nutritionnelle en Afrique Sub-Saharienne : les exemples du Congo et du Sénégal

Body mass index (BMI) of mothers and indices of malnutrition in preschool children obtained in surveys in rural and urban areas in Congo and Senegal were compared to assess the impact of urbanization on nutritional status. Senegal and the Congo are located in different ecological zones but both are undergoing rapid urbanization. The Senegalese urban survey was conducted in Pikine in June-July 1986. The rural study zone was a densely populated groundnut-producing area some 250 km from the capital. The nutritional status in the rural zone was evaluated in a cross-sectional survey with repeated rounds in different seasons. The round corresponding to the intermediate month of May was used. The urban Congolese survey was conducted in Brazzaville in March 1986 while the rural zone was studied during a national survey of villages and secondary center with under 30000 inhabitants in an intermediate season in 1987. The BMI for women is defined as weight in kg/height in meters squared. Pregnant women were excluded. No completely satisfactory method had yet been developed for diagnosing chronic energy deficiency. Use of the BMI is an operational approach that should be applied in successive stages. Analysis of available results throughout the world suggests that a BMI of 18.5 guarantees the ability to do work of all sorts without particular effects on health. Between 18.5 and 16 the health costs depend on the level of physical activity. The average BMI in the Congo was 21.17 for 1373 rural mothers and 22.82 for 84 urban mothers. Averages in Senegal were 21.18 for 2257 rural mothers and 22.61 for 884 urban mothers. The difference between urban and rural levels of each country was statistically highly significant. Urban women had higher prevalence of values over 25 in both countries indicating obesity. In the Congo and Senegal 8.6% of the rural women had a BMI of 25 or over but among urban women 18.8% in the Congo and 16.3% in Senegal had a BMI of 25-30 while 6.2% in the Congo and 6.1% in Senegal had an index of 30 or over indicating frank obesity. In the Congo and Senegal respectively 13.5% and 6.0% of rural women and 7.6% and 12.8% of urban women had indices of 18.5 or below. The nutritional surveys included 2288 preschool children in Brazzaville 2429 in rural Congo 2049 in Pikine and 3797 in rural Senegal. Wasting was rarely observed in the urban children but the persistence of cases of stunting indicated nutritional deficiencies in some children. The coexistence of nutritional deficiency typical of developing countries and of overweight among women typical of developed countries implies that the health services will have the double burden of treating health problems resulting from the 2 kinds of malnutrition.
EXPRESSION, PURIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF THE RECOMBINANT HUMAN FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2B KINASE DOMAIN

Background: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b (FGFR2b) plays an important role in cell signaling pathway and regulating several key biological processes including cellular differentiation and proliferation. Genetic alterations (e.g. point mutation in FGFR2b tyrosine kinase domain) are associated with breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer. Objective: The aim of this study was to express and purify the recombinant human FGFR2b kinase domain. Methods: This experimental study was conducted in Qazvin University of Medical Sciences during 2013. Recombinant pLEICS-01 vectors containing the FGFR2b tyrosine kinase domain gene were transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3). Recombinant protein expression was induced with 1mM IPTG and analyzed by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The recombinant protein was purified by Ni2+-NTA affinity chromatography. After dialysis, the protein activity was evaluated by interaction with the wild type and mutant SH2 domains of phospholipase C (PLC) using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Findings: Pre and post-induction SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the expressed protein was soluble at 20 oC. SDS-PAGE analysis also confirmed that no contamination and bacterial proteins were co-eluted with the purified protein. PAGE method results confirmed that the purified protein was in an active state. Conclusion: With regards to the results, the recombinant FGFR2b kinase domain-a 38 kDa proteinwas expressed and purified in an active and soluble state.
Burnout at the Supermarket: Testing the Relevance of Personality and Stressful Situations

The well-known burnout syndrome includes psychological facets that have been analyzed with respect to professions with systematic and persistent social contact. However, the context is just one side of the coin, albeit important. There might be some differential vulnerability to the development of the syndrome (the other side of the coin). The study reported here is based on a previous research that observed high levels of the syndrome in cashiers of several supermarkets. Going one step further, here (a) 13 cashiers were compared with 13 workers from other sections of a supermarket, and (b) the personality traits considered by the Big Five Model were measured for estimating the efficient use of knowledge and skills required for achieving social goals (P factor). These were the results: (a) no group differences in the syndrome between cashiers and other sections, and (b) negative correlations between the P factor and burnout scores. It is concluded that individual differences in personality might interact with the occupational context for promoting (or preventing) the burnout syndrome.
The Critical Roles of Celebrity Endorsement in Telecommunication Device Industries

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between celebrity endorsement and purchase intention in telecommunication device industries. A structured and self-administered survey was used to get responses from the students as the sample target. The authors delivered 154 questionnaires to the students while 79 were retained and valid for the analysis. The instrument of the research was stated valid and reliable as the result of construct validity and reliability test. Multiple regression analysis was also used to test the hypothesized relationship of the research model. The empirical findings indicate that only trustworthiness of celebrity endorser has positively and significantly affected student intention to purchase smartphone. Meanwhile, the four other celebrity endorsement dimensions which consisted of expertise, physical attractiveness, respect, and similarity of celebrity endorser have not significantly affected student intention to purchase smartphone partially. In the other hand, all of celebrity endorsement dimensions have positively and significantly affected student intention to purchase smartphone simultaneously. This study had some limitations related to the aim of the study. The further study is suggested to set wider and bigger sample characteristic in order to get better generalization. Further study can focus on involving another constructs which were categorized as intervening or moderator variables that strengthen or weaken the relationship between the dimensions of celebrity endorsement and purchase intention. The study highlights the strategic importance of celebrity endorsement in obtaining positive responses of the market target. Hence, telecommunication devices especially smartphone industries are suggested to consider celebrity endorsers who have higher trustworthiness perceived by target market as the message source of their marketing communication strategies. Keywords—selebrity endorsement; purchase intention; telecommunication device
Kesulitan Mahasiswa dalam Mencapai Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Secara Efektif

Di Indonesia bahasa Inggris merupakan bahasa asing untuk dipelajari. Dalam prakteknya baik guru dan siswa masih menghadapi banyak masalah ketika proses pembelajaran. Berbagai respon dapat ditemui di kelas terkait masalah-masalah tersebut, khususnya pada sikap siwa selama mengikuti proses pembelajaran, hasil belajar siswa, dan partisipasi dalam melaksanakan kegiatan kelompok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan kesulitan-kesulitan yang dihadapi siswa dalam belajar bahasa Inggris dan faktor penyebabnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan instrumen angket, observasi, danrekaman video. Analisis data penelitian dilakukan melalui tiga cara yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek penelitian mengalami kesulitan belajar bahasa Inggris yang beragam. Hal tersebut terjadi akibat factor tingkat penguasaan bahasa Inggris yang berbeda-beda.
Chilean Children’s Reading Levels of Statistical Graphs

The aim of this research was comparing the performance of primary school Chilean children when reading different types of graphs included in the primary school curriculum in this country (pictogram, line graph, pie chart and dot plot). A sample of 745 6th and 7th Grade students were given a questionnaire including four tasks in each of which they should perform a critical reading of one of these graphs. The analysis of the children written responses to the questionnaire served to compare the tasks difficulty when measured by the percentage of correct responses and to study the reading level achieved in the children’s responses using the classification of Curcio and his collaborators. Globally, the children obtained 60% or more correct responses except when reading the pie chart that was the most difficult task, probably because of the need of proportional reasoning, which is still developing at this age. Few children succeeded in attaining the critical reading level N4 in their responses, although most of them achieved the reading level N2, which implies not only a literal reading, but also the ability to compare the data or perform computations with the same.
A cross sectional study on personal hygiene among rural school students in southern Rajasthan

Background: The level of personal hygiene has a strong bearing on preventive capacity for many diseases and hence the assessment of its level assumes great significance. The school being a strong base for hygienic practices, the present study aimed to assess the level of personal hygiene and its associated factors as well as its effect on morbidity level of school children in a rural belt of southern Rajasthan.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 students studying in classes VIII to XII in 3 different schools of southern Rajasthan from November 2018 to February 2019.The data was obtained by interview method using pretested questionnaire which included socio-demographic factors, the hygienic practices and occurrence of diseases as dichotomous questions. The association of the attributes was tested through Chi-square test, correlation and regression techniques.Results: Only 22% students scored above 75% and were categorized as good practioners of personal hygiene. The age of students, parents literacy, and household income were significantly associated with personal hygiene. The common morbidities like head lice and dental caries were found gender sensitive in the study area. The negative association between disease score and personal hygiene score implied that the disease burden of children can be minimized with higher personal hygiene practices.Conclusions: Systematic efforts to sensitize school children and parents about importance of personal hygiene, improvement in parental literacy coupled with economic empowerment of rural families can help to enhance the status of personal hygiene of students and thereby drastic reduction in their disease burden.
W. B. Yeat’s Presence in James Joyce’s "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man"

In the context of scholarly re-evaluations of James Joyce’s relation to the literary revival in Ireland at the start of the twentieth century, this essay examines the significance of W.B. Yeats to A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. It traces some of the debates around Celtic and Irish identity within the literary revival as a context for understanding the pre-occupations evident in Joyce’s novel, noting the significance of Yeats’s mysticism to the protagonist of Stephen Hero, and its persistence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man later. The essay considers the theme of flight in relation to the poetry volume that is addressed directly in the novel, Yeats’s 1899 collection, The Wind Among the Reeds. In the process, the influence of Yeats’s thought and style is observed both in Stephen Dedalus’s forms of expression and in the means through which Joyce conveys them. Particular attention is drawn to the notion of enchantment in the novel, and its relation to the literature of the Irish Revival. The later part of the essay turns to the 1899 performance of Yeats’s play, The Countess Cathleen, at the Antient Concert Rooms in Dublin, and Joyce’s memory of the performance as represented through Stephen towards the end of the novel. Here, attention is given to the mystical and esoteric aspects of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, aspects that the novel shares with the poetry and drama of Yeats.
Bisexual identity denial and health: Exploring the role of societal meta-perceptions and belonging threats among bisexual adults

ABSTRACT Bisexual individuals frequently experience identity denial from others due to perceptions that bisexuality is an illegitimate identity. Bisexual individuals have worse psychological health than gay, lesbian, and heterosexual people, but the reasons for these disparities are not well understood. Across a two-sample correlational study (Total N = 445) utilizing path analyses, we tested belonging uncertainty, bisexual meta-stereotypes, and meta-legitimacy perceptions as mediators of the relationship between identity denial and depressive symptoms. More frequent identity denial was related to greater belonging uncertainty, greater bisexual meta-stereotypes, lower meta-legitimacy, and greater reported depressive symptoms, with belonging uncertainty mediating the relationship between identity denial and depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that identity denial is related to the social and psychological health of bisexual individuals.
How to Make an Industry Sustainable during an Industry Product Harm Crisis: The Role of a Consumer’s Sense of Control

Product harm crisis involving multiple products increasingly leads to an industry crisis. Yet previous researches have usually focused on the effectiveness of repair strategies under a single-company product harm crisis. Moreover, less is known about the effectiveness of repair strategies under an industry product harm crisis. This paper explores how firms should respond to an industry product harm crisis to make the industry sustainable. We used experimental methodology to examine the above effects. Across three experiments, this research finds that a consumer’s sense of control is a key variable that is found to mediate the effectiveness of a firm’s repair strategy. Results show that in general functional and informational repair strategies are more effective in restoring a consumer’s sense of control when compared with an affective repair strategy. The more control consumers feel they have, the higher their brand attitudes, and the more positive they rate a firm’s response appropriateness for an industry product harm crisis. However, for consumers who score high on an emotion-focused coping style, an affective repair strategy is more effective. The findings generate practical suggestions for firms in an industry product harm crisis to restore consumers’ sense of control to keep industry sustainability.
Keratoconus in Down's syndrome

Keratoconus is a primary cause of visual impairment in young people in the UK. Corneal cross-linking is a recently-introduced treatment for halting progression of keratoconus, which is more effective in early cases. It has long been observed that keratoconus is significantly more prevalent in those with Down’s syndrome (DS) when compared to the general population. Moreover, young people with Down’s syndrome are less able to report early symptoms of keratoconus, often presenting late to eye clinics when cross-linking is no longer possible. A cohort of children and young people with DS were examined with the aim of discovering optometric correlates of keratoconus and to establish the utility of these parameters as risk factors for identifying keratoconus in primary care. An abnormal retinoscopy reflex was found to be the earliest indicator of keratoconus, showing greater potential as a screening test than either refractive error or objective vision measurement. The cornea of individuals with DS is known to be thinner and steeper than usual. Despite this, the high prevalence of keratoconus in DS has long been attributed to eye-rubbing, despite the inherent difference in baseline shape. The current work revealed no relationship between eye rubbing and the development of keratoconus in DS eyes. In vivo biomechanical analysis demonstrated an increased deformation tendency in DS eyes vs. controls, largely accounted for by the decreased corneal thickness in the test group. These results suggest that the high prevalence of keratoconus in DS originates from biomechanical weakness, permitting the loss of regular corneal shape in the absence of eye rubbing. However, ultrastructural analysis of the cornea of the Tc1 mouse model of DS revealed an unaltered collagen and proteoglycan structure. Topographical examination of ‘cone’ morphology in individuals with and without DS demonstrated a similar phenotype at all stages of the disorder, indicating that people with DS and keratoconus may be a useful cohort for future genetic studies into keratoconus as a whole.
Composition and sources of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the Netherlands

Tussen 1998 en 1999 vormde de uitstoot van wegverkeer de voornaamste bijdrage aan fijn stof. Andere belangrijke bijdrages waren indirecte emissies van alle vormen van gemotoriseerd verkeer (fijn stof gevormd uit gassen), energieproductie en landbouw. Dit blijkt uit een onderzoek van het RIVM naar de bronbijdragen aan PM2,5 (fijn stof met een diameter kleiner dan 2,5 micrometer) over deze periode. De negatieve gevolgen van fijn stof op de volksgezondheid, zoals een verkorte levensduur en een toename in ernst en omvang van luchtwegaandoeningen, zijn onderkend. Om passende beleidsmaatregelen tegen de uitstoot van fijn stof te kunnen bepalen heeft het RIVM onderzocht welke bronnen in de periode 1998-1999 aan deze uitstoot bijdragen. Hiermee wordt het beleid van de overheid, dat de vervuiling bij bron aanpakt, ondersteund. Gemiddeld is in een bebouwd gebied in Nederland in de periode 1998-1999 de bijdrage van verkeer 38 procent (12 procent diesel, 26 procent benzine). De bijdrage van olieverbranding en daaraan gerelateerde bronnen bedraagt 7 procent. De bijdrage van natuurlijke bronnen (zeezout en bodemstof) bedraagt 10 procent. De resterende 45 procent zijn indirecte emissies van verkeer, energieproductie en landbouw. De zes onderzochte meetlocaties lagen in het midden van het land. Elke locatie werd voornamelijk door een van de volgende fijnstofbronnen belast: drukke verkeersweg, stedelijke omgeving, industrieel gebied, landelijk gebied nabij de zee of nabij intensieve veehouderij. De relatieve bronbijdragen verschilden aanzienlijk per locatie en per seizoen. De concentraties fijn stof zijn groter in de winter dan in de zomer, wat in bebouwde gebieden vooral door verkeersbijdragen kan worden verklaard. Voor een koppeling met gezondheidseffecten en een nauwkeurigere schatting van de bronbijdragen op een locatie zijn uitgebreidere metingen noodzakelijk.
Relationships Among Self-Transcendence, Illness Distress, and Health-Promoting Behaviors in African American Women with Breast Cancer

The purpose of this descriptive correlational study was to describe relationships among three spiritually related variables (psychosocial self-transcendence, spiritual self-transcendence, and religious self-transcendence), and two health-related variables: illness distress (as an indicator of emotional well-being), and health-promoting behaviors in African American women diagnosed with breast cancer. A secondary purpose was to describe spiritually-related perspectives and behaviors reported by these women in reference to minimizing their illness distress and supporting healthy behaviors during their breast cancer trajectory. A convenience sample of 537 women with breast cancer completed an electronic survey. In Qualtrics, an on-line survey tool, six questionnaires: Demographic and Health-Related Questionnaire, Reed’s (1991) Self-Transcendence Scale, Reed’s (1986) Spiritual Perspective Scale, Spiritual-Religious Practices Scale, Distress Scale, and Walker’s (1987) Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, were formatted to measure each of the variables stated in the research questions. In addition, a subgroup of 10 women were interviewed by phone to obtain a more in-depth understanding of the relevance of spiritually related factors in African American women coping with breast cancer. Results of the study revealed several significant positive relationships between the independent and dependent variables. All three self-transcendence variables and many of the demographic and health related variables were found to be significant in explaining illness distress and the level of engagement in health promoting behaviors. In addition, the results of this study will contribute to better understanding of how spiritually related variables and selected demographics may be relevant in helping African American breast cancer survivors reduce illness distress and modify health behaviors. Results from telephone interviews provide relevant
An analysis of the problems of beginning teachers to develop an induction program for the Basic English Departments of Turkish universities

Title An analysis of the problems of beginning teachers to develop an induction program for the Basic English Departments of Turkish Universities. Author : Seda Korukçu Thesis Chairperson Prof. Theodore Rodgers, Bilkent University, MA TEFL Program. Thesis Members Dr. Susan Bosher, Ms. Bena Gul Peker Bilkent University, MA TEFL Program. This descriptive study was aimed at determining the problems of beginning teachers so as to develop an induction program for the Basic English Departments of the universities in Turkey. The study was conducted at eight English-medium universities in Turkey that have both Departments Basic English that provide a one year intensive program of English and English Language Teaching Departments. The participants were 67 ELT students in their fourth year of preservice teacher education and 28 beginning teachers who started teaching in September 1995. The data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed in terms of means, standard deviations, frequencies and percentages by using a computer program called SPSS.