Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence and risk factors of accidental extubation in a neonatal intensive care unit.

OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence and risk factors of accidental extubation (AE) in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted to determine AE incidence density per 100 patient-days, during a 23-month period, in 222 newborns receiving assisted ventilation (AV). Logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for AE. The presence of a cyclical pattern in extubation rates, according to the variables of interest, was investigated by Cosinor analysis. RESULTS The mean AE rate was 5.34/100 patient-days ventilated. AE-associated predictive variables were: subsequent use of the oral and nasal routes during AV [relative risk (RR) = 4.73; 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.92-11.60], AV duration (per day, RR = 1.03; 95%CI 1.02-1.04), and number of patient-days ventilated (RR = 1.01; 95%CI 1.01-1.02). According to the adjusted multiple regression analysis, total AV time was the only independent predictor of AE in this sample (RR = 1.02; 95%CI 1.01-1.03). AV time of 10.5 days showed an accuracy of 0.79 (95%CI 0.71-0.87) for the occurrence of AE. Cosinor analysis showed significant periodicity in overall AE rate and in the number of patient-days ventilated. There was a significant correlation between the number of patient-days ventilated and AE frequency. CONCLUSION Mean AE density was 5.34/100 patient-days ventilated. AV duration was the only independent predictor of AE. The best accuracy for AE occurrence was achieved at 10.5 days of AV duration.
Awareness and Utilization of Social Media by Tertiary Institutions’ Librarians in Abia and Imo States, Nigeria.

This study investigated awareness and utilization of social media by tertiary institutions’ librarians in Abia and Imo states. The purposes that guided the study are to: establish the extent of awareness of social media for library services by tertiary institutions’ librarians in Abia and Imo states, ascertain the extent to which social media are used by librarians, and factors militating against the utilization of social media for library services. The survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised all 149 librarians in 12 government-owned tertiary institutions in Abia and Imo States. The instrument used for data collection was the rating scale. To answer the research questions of the study, tables, mean ( x ) and standard deviation were used, while ANOVA statistics was used for testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significane. Findings of the study revealed that; tertiary institutions' librarians in Abia and Imo states are aware of social media to a high extent; social media tools are used to a high extent; unreliable power supply, inadequate internet connectivity are among the factors militating against the use of social media by librarians in the provision of library services. Based on the findings, the following were recommended: awareness of social media should be intensified by librarians of these institutions; librarians and patrons should acquire the necessary technologies that are amenable to social media use and there should be steady and reliable power supply among others.
Myeloablative radioimmunotherapy with Re-188-anti-CD66-antibody for conditioning of high-risk leukemia patients prior to stem cell transplantation: biodistribution, biokinetics and immediate toxicities.

BACKGROUND Stem cell transplantation (SCT) is potentially curative for high-risk leukemia patients. Conditioning regimens affect relapse rate and treatment-related mortality. We evaluated biodistribution, radiation absorbed organ doses and immediate toxicities of myeloablative radioimmunotherapy with marrow selective 188rhenium (188Re)-labeled anti-CD66 monoclonal antibody (mAb). METHODS Fifty high-risk leukemia patients were treated 14 +/- 2 days prior to SCT. Dosimetric measurements were performed at 1.5, 3, 20, 26, and 44 hours after about 1 GBq of 188Re followed by radioimmunotherapy with about 10 GBq 188Re. Standard conditioning consisted of high-dose chemotherapy and 12 Gy total-body irradiation. Forty-six patients received allogenic, and four received autologous, stem cell grafts. RESULTS The mean radiation absorbed doses (in Gy) were: marrow, 13.9 +/- 4.6; liver, 5.7 +/- 2.7; spleen, 22.6 +/- 25.5; kidneys, 6.8 +/- 2.6; lungs, 0.8 +/- 0.7; total body, 1.4 +/- 0.3. The tumor-to-organ-ratios were 2.4 for liver, 0.6 for the spleen, 2.0 for the kidneys and 17.8 for the lungs. Type of leukemia did not affect radiation absorbed doses of marrow, lungs, kidneys and liver. Mean marrow dose of transplanted patients in complete remission was 1.37 +/- 0.43 Gy/GBq, compared with 1.34 +/- 0.29 Gy/GBq for patients with leukemic blast marrow infiltration of 5-25%. Immediate side effects were moderate. All patients showed primary engraftment. After a median follow-up of 11.0 +/- 7.4 months 28/50 patients (56%) are in ongoing complete remission. Nine patients (5%) have relapsed, seven (4%) of them have died. Another 13 patients (7%) died of treatment-related causes. CONCLUSIONS Due to its biodistribution, radiation absorbed organ doses, low toxicity and clinical data, myeloablative radioimmunotherapy with 188Re-labeled anti-CD66 mAb seems to be a promising method for improving standard conditioning of high-risk leukemia patients prior to SCT.
Changes in the metabolic clearance rate of progesterone in the guinea-pig.

The metabolic clearing rate (MCR) of progesterone in guinea pigs was studied using the continuous infusion of tritiated progesterone. The clearing rate decreased from 112.8 1 plasma per day per kg to 8.3 1 per day per kg in pregnant animals between Days 15 and 20. This low rate continued for the remainder of gestation. By Day 12 postpartum the MCR returned and reached 85 1 per day per kg. At the time of the decrease in metabolic clearance rate there was an increase in plasma concentration of progesterone. This is possibly related to an increase in binding proteins with a high affinity for progesterone. The decrease in MCR seems to depend on the presence of a viable conceptus. (AUTHORS MODIFIED)
Capital structure and financial performance of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria

This study examined the impact of capital structure on financial performance of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria over the period 2005-2014. Panel methodology was applied to analyse the impact of capital structure on financial performance of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The findings of the panel ordinary least square show that a positive statistically significant relationship exist between long term debt ratio(LTD) (0.0001), total debt ratio (TD) (0.0065) and return on equity (ROE) while a positive statistically insignificant relationship between ROE (return on equity) and STD (Short term debt ratio). There was also a negative insignificant relationship between all the proxies of capital structure (LTD, STD and TD) and ROA which makes ROE a better measure of performance. The study concluded that capital structure has a positive impact on financial performance and companies should employ more of long term debts. Therefore it recommends that every firm should make good capital structures decision to earn profit and carry on their business successfully.
With health comes work? People living with HIV/AIDS consider returning to work

Many people living with HIV/AIDS (PHAs) have experienced significant improvements in their health over the last few years, to the point that many are considering returning to work. The objectives of this study were to develop a model of return to work which could apply to chronic illnesses with a fluctuating or uncertain course. Issues related to health, work and return to work were explored using in-depth interviews with 20 PHAs in Toronto, Canada, who had been on long-term disability for at least five years. Data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Contextual factors like the approach of disability and health (drug) insurance plans and intervening conditions like PHAs' current activities influenced their consideration of returning to work and the strategies they employed as a result of considering such a return. More than two-thirds of the sample had undertaken more activities as their health improved. The three study participants who had returned to work either had an opportunity for a low-risk trial of work or could return to their old job. Employers and disability compensation plan administrators, assisted by AIDS service organizations and governments, can facilitate return to work for PHAs by reducing the risks of and removing the barriers to returning to work.
Living in a house of cards: re‐evaluating CD8+ T‐cell immune correlates against HIV

Summary: The Merck STEP and the Thai RV144 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine trials confirmed that we still have a long way to go before developing a prophylactic HIV vaccine. The main issue at hand is that we have yet to identify an immunological correlate of protection against HIV. While many question the T‐cell‐based approach towards vaccine development, it is likely that T cells will be a necessary part of any vaccine strategy. CD8+ T cells remain an attractive option because of their ability to specifically recognize and eliminate virally infected host cells. In this review, we recapitulate the evidence for CD8+ T cells as an immunological correlate against HIV, but more importantly, we assess the means by which we evaluate their antiviral capacity. To achieve a breakthrough in the domain of T‐cell‐based HIV vaccine development, it has become abundantly clear that we must overhaul our system of immune monitoring and come up with a ‘rational’ tactic to evaluate the efficacy of HIV‐specific CD8+ T cells.
Ecosystem Effects of the Industrial Internet of Things on Manufacturing Companies

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) represents a novel, future-oriented paradigm of industrial value creation, which facilitates the creation of networks across and within manufacturing companies. Consequently, the IIoT is associated with an adjusted characterization of respective business ecosystems. As current research has primarily focused on the IIoT’s technical fundamentals, economic research is still in its infancy. This article aims at examining the effects of IIoT on manufacturing companies’ business ecosystems by applying a mixed-method approach. Thus, we carried out a quantitative survey among 198 German manufacturers from several industries based on insights of 15 expert interviews. This study contributes to the sparse body of scientific IIoT literature from an economic perspective by revealing that IIoT adoption is associated with greater openness of manufacturers toward participants of all analyzed ecosystem dimensions, i.e., customers, suppliers, organizations external to the own industry, and research institutions. Moreover, an intensified ecosystem integration is expected over time.
Pathogenicity, tissue distribution, shedding and environmental detection of two strains of IBDV following infection of chickens at 0 and 14 days of age

ABSTRACT Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is endemic to most poultry-producing countries worldwide. Immunosuppressive classical and variant IBDV strains endemic to Australia are genetically distinct from other international strains. We report the results of infection experiments with Australian classical strain 06/95 and variant strain 02/95 in SPF chickens. We tested the effects of strain and age of infection on bursal atrophy, viral RNA (vRNA) load in bursa of Fabricius (bursa), spleen, thymus, caecal tonsils, faeces, litter and exhaust dust as determined by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The two IBDV strains did not differ in the degree of bursal atrophy induced, lymphoid organ distribution and faecal shedding but variant strain 02/95 induced a greater antibody response to the infection than classical strain 06/95 which was associated with a more rapid decline in IBDV vRNA genome copy number (VCN) in lymphoid organs and faeces. Infection at 14 days of age induced greater bursal atrophy and higher vRNA copy number in lymphoid tissues than infection on the day of hatching, indicating true age susceptibility independent of maternal antibody (Mab) status. The direction of the association between rankings for IBDV vRNA load in bursa and relative bursal weight changed from positive at 3 and 6 days post-infection to negative at 28 days post-infection. Intra-tracheal administration of dust collected from chickens infected with IBDV resulted in successful transmission of IBDV. IBDV vRNA was detected successfully at high levels in the environmental litter and dust samples.
Access-Authorizing and Privacy-Preserving Auditing with Group Dynamic for Shared Cloud Data

Cloud storage is becoming more and more popular because of its elasticity and pay-as-you-go storage service manner. In some cloud storage scenarios, the data that are stored in the cloud may be shared by a group of users. To verify the integrity of cloud data in this kind of applications, many auditing schemes for shared cloud data have been proposed. However, all of these schemes do not consider the access authorization problem for users, which makes the revoked users still able to access the shared cloud data belonging to the group. In order to deal with this problem, we propose a novel public auditing scheme for shared cloud data in this paper. Different from previous work, in our scheme, the user in a group cannot any longer access the shared cloud data belonging to this group once this user is revoked. In addition, we propose a new random masking technique to make our scheme preserve both data privacy and identity privacy. Furthermore, our scheme supports to enroll a new user in a group and revoke an old user from a group. We analyze the security of the proposed scheme and justify its performance by concrete implementations.
Substance P Affects Growth Factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa–Infected Mouse Cornea

Purpose: This study analyzed the influence of substance P (SP) on growth factors related to wound healing in mice in the presence of infectious keratitis. Methods: Naturally resistant mice were injected intraperitoneally with SP or phosphate-buffered saline and infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and corneal messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of growth factors and apoptosis genes were tested. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay determined the protein levels, whereas immunohistochemistry tested the distribution, macrophage phenotype, and cell quantitation. In vitro, macrophages were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; with or without SP) and mRNA levels of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines and apoptosis genes were tested. Results: After SP, epidermal growth factor mRNA and protein levels were disparately regulated early, with no differences later in the disease. Hepatocyte growth factor and fibroblast growth factor-7 mRNA and protein levels were increased after SP treatment. Enumerating dual-labeled stromal cells revealed no difference between SP-treated versus phosphate-buffered saline–treated groups in the percentage of epidermal growth factor–labeled fibroblasts or macrophages, but there were significant increases in both hepatocyte growth factor– and fibroblast growth factor-7–labeled cells. Type 2 (M2) macrophages and caspase-3 mRNA levels were decreased, whereas B-cell lymphoma-2 mRNA expression was increased after SP treatment. In vitro, mRNA levels of several proinflammatory cytokines and B-cell lymphoma-2 were elevated, whereas transforming growth factor &bgr; was decreased after macrophage stimulation with SP (with LPS) over LPS alone. (Mice: n = 105 control; 105 experimental.) Conclusions: These data show that treatment with SP in infectious keratitis elevates growth factors but also adversely affects the disease by enhancing the inflammatory response and its sequelae.
The Management Imperative: Displacement, Dynamics, and Directions Forward for Training Social Workers as Managers

Management’s place within social work has long been of concern. Social workers are being displaced as managers due to competition from other professions, poor regard for their skills as managers, declining student interest, and weak graduate training. This article examines the displacement, discussing its impact on organizational mission, values, and culture; social work’s future; graduates’ readiness to take on management tasks; and career and compensation advancement. These concerns motivated the George Warren Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis to implement a requirement that master of social work students complete three credits of concentration-level management coursework. We explore this change and others in a case that provides directions forward for training social workers as managers.
Fair Value Accounting, Illiquid Assets, and Financial Stability

In this paper, I analyze the joint design of capital requirements and fair value reporting rules for financial institutions with illiquid assets. I specifically examine how prudential regulation aimed at solving agency problems affects financial institutions’ incentives to use Level 2 versus Level 3 fair value reporting, as well as financial stability. Crucially, Level 3 reporting allows financial institutions to use their private information, whereas Level 2 fair values are only measured with public information. Interestingly, my analysis shows regulators may leave to financial institutions the discretion to report illiquid assets at Level 2 or Level 3. Financial institutions then report at Level 3 only if they have good private information about the assets’ quality. Moreover, prudential rules that only rely on Level 2 fair values may be efficient at solving agency problems within financial institutions but may also decrease financial stability. By contrast, prudential rules that leave to financial institutions the discretion to report illiquid assets at Level 2 or Level 3 while relaxing capital requirements may increase financial stability. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting. Funding: This work was supported by the H2020 European Research Council [Grant 669217]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023. 4692 .
Using Two Chapelhow Enablers To Deliver Care

This article will demonstrate how two of the six Chapelhow et al. (2005) enablers were utilised throughout the care of one individual. The two enablers that will be considered in this article will be communication and professional decision making. This article will use both experience from placement and current research to inform practice to demonstrate how these enablers were used in practice. Communication and professional decision making enable healthcare professionals to deliver effective and efficient care. This article aims to enable healthcare students to develop their understanding of how these two enablers are used in practice and to raise awareness of their importance.
Signature-based representations for the reliability of systems with heterogeneous components

Signature-based representations of the reliability functions of coherent systems with independent and identically distributed component lifetimes have proven very useful in studying the ageing characteristics of such systems and in comparing the performance of different systems under varied criteria. In this paper we consider extensions of these results to systems with heterogeneous components. New representation theorems are established for both the case of components with independent lifetimes and the case of component lifetimes under specific forms of dependence. These representations may be used to compare the performance of systems with homogeneous and heterogeneous components.
Kinetic analysis of the amplification phase for activation and binding of C3 to encapsulated and nonencapsulated Cryptococcus neoformans

Encapsulated and nonencapsulated cryptococci exhibit quantitative and qualitative differences in their activation of the complement system. We examined the kinetics for the rapid amplification phase in which C3 was activated and bound to encapsulated cryptococci, nonencapsulated cryptococci, and zymosan particles. Yeast cells were incubated in normal human serum containing 125I-labeled C3, and bound C3 fragments were measured after 1 to 64 min of incubation. A kinetic analysis showed that the apparent first-order rate constant (k') for binding of C3 to nonencapsulated cryptococci did not differ significantly from k' for binding of C3 to zymosan particles (P greater than 0.05). However, the rate constant for binding of C3 to encapsulated cryptococci was significantly (P less than 0.001) greater than k' for binding of C3 to nonencapsulated cryptococci and zymosan particles. A plot of C3 molecules bound to encapsulated cryptococci versus time cubed was nearly linear, suggesting that accumulation of C3 in the cryptococcal capsule follows the kinetics predicted by an expanding sphere. In contrast, the plot of C3 molecules bound to nonencapsulated cryptococci or zymosan particles against time was nearly linear, but those plots against time squared or time cubed were not. This result indicates that the rate-limiting step for the addition of C3 fragments to these latter yeast cells follows the kinetics of neither the perimeter of an expanding circle nor the surface of an expanding sphere. Taken together, the results indicate that the high rate of accumulation of C3 in the cryptococcal capsule is consistent with the expected geometry of an expanding sphere of bound C3 within the three-dimensional matrix of the capsule.
Predicting Demographics and Affect in Social Networks

The recent explosion of social media services like Twitter, Facebook and Google+ has led to an interest in predicting hidden information from the large amounts of freely available public content. As compared to the earlier explosion of documents arising from the web, social media content is significantly more personalized – written in the first person, informal, and often revealing of latent attributes of users. The task of inferring latent user properties from social media data has become known as user modeling, personal analytics or user profiling task. Previous approaches treated the task of user attribute prediction as static supervised classification, applied textual features extracted from user tweets and relied on an unrealistic amount of content per user (thousands of tweets). This dissertation relies mainly on Twitter data and focuses on several important but previously unexplored aspects of the task of user attribute prediction: (1) developing novel models and practical techniques that reflect the dynamic streaming nature of social media; (2) studying predictive power and latent relationships between user demographics, emotions and interests in social media; and (3) showing that extra-linguistic features such
Caregiver causal attributions in youth psychosis

Aim: Caregiver causal attributions influence patient and caregiver reactions to psychosis. The current study describes common caregiver causal attributions about psychosis onset in youth, including a subset of first‐episode psychosis patients, and the patient and caregiver characteristics that influence these attributions. It also examines if caregiver views are affected by contact with youth mental health services.