Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes needed in the care for sheltered persons: a multistate analysis from Hurricane Katrina.

OBJECTIVES Following Hurricane Katrina, nearly 1,400 evacuation shelters were opened in 27 states across the nation to accommodate the more than 450,000 evacuees from the gulf region. The levee breaks in New Orleans and storm surge in Mississippi brought about significant morbidity and mortality, ultimately killing more than 1,300 people. The purpose of this study was to summarize the health needs of approximately 30,000 displaced persons who resided in shelters in eight states, including prescription medication needs, dispersement of durable medical equipment, and referrals for further care. METHODS The first available 31,272 medical encounters forms were utilized as a convenience sample of displaced persons in Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Missouri, and Florida. This medical encounter form was completed by volunteer nurses, was standardized across all shelters, and included demographic information, need for acute or preventive care, pre-existing medical conditions, disposition referrals, need for prescription medication, and frequency of volunteer providers who providing care outside of their first-aid scope. RESULTS Sheltered persons who received only acute care numbered 11,306 (36.2 percent), and those who received only preventive/chronic care numbered 10,403 (33.3 percent). A similar number, 9,563 (30.6 percent) persons, received both acute and preventive/chronic care. There were 3,356 (10.7 percent) sheltered persons who received some form of durable medical equipment. Glasses were given to 2,124 people (6.8 percent of the total visits receiving them) and were the most commonly dispense item. This is followed by dental devices (495, 1.6 percent) and glucose meters (339, 1.1 percent). Prescriptions were given to 8,154 (29.0 percent) sheltered persons. Referrals were made to 13,815 (44.2 percent) of sheltered persons who presented for medical care. The pharmacy was the most common location for referrals for 5,785 (18.5 percent) of all sheltered persons seeking medical care. Referrals were also made to outpatient clinics 3,856 (12.3 percent), opticians 2,480 (7.9 percent), and public health resources 1,136 (4.3 percent). Only 1,173 (3.8 percent) sheltered persons who presented for medical care and were referred to the emergency department or hospital for further care. CONCLUSIONS Hurricane Katrina illustrated the need to strengthen the healthcare planning and response in regard to sheltered persons with a particular focus on primary and preventive care services. This study has reemphasized the need for primary medical care and pharmaceuticals in sheltered persons and shown new data regarding the dispersement of durable medical equipment and the frequent need for healthcare beyond the shelter setting as evidenced by referrals.
1 2 3 4 RUNNING HEAD : Exercise effects on brain and cognition 5 6 7 8 9 Exercise , Brain , and Cognition Across the Lifespan 10 11

48 This is a brief review of current evidence for the relationships between physical activity and exercise and 49 the brain and cognition throughout the lifespan, in non-pathological populations. We focus on the effects 50 of both aerobic and resistance training, and provide a brief overview of potential neurobiological 51 mechanisms derived from non-human animal models. Whereas research has focused primarily on the 52 benefits of aerobic exercise in youth and young adult populations, there is growing evidence that both 53 aerobic and resistance training are important for maintaining cognitive and brain health in old age. 54 Finally, in these contexts, we point out gaps in the literature and future directions that will help advance 55 the field of exercise neuroscience, including more studies that explicitly examine the effect of exercise 56 type and intensity on cognition, the brain, and clinically significant outcomes. There is also a need for 57 human neuroimaging studies to adopt a more unified multi-modal framework, and for greater interaction 58 between human and animal models of exercise effects on brain and cognition across the lifespan. 59 60
Design and Implementation of a Diplexer and a Dual-Band VHF/UHF Antenna for Nanosatellites

CONSAT1 is a nanosatellite of the form 3U CubeSat designed and built by the Space Concordia group at Concordia University during the first Canadian Satellite Design Challenge (CSDC). Its mission is to detect and study high-energy particles in low earth orbits. This CubeSat relies on a single antenna to communicate with a ground station. The antenna feeds a diplexer that separates the transmit and receive frequencies. This letter shows the design and implementation of a dual-band spring-steel monopole antenna that resonates at both the uplink frequency of 146 MHz and the downlink at 438 MHz, and the associated diplexer. Agreement between simulation and pre-launch measurement on the flight hardware is demonstrated.
Pathology of chronic mitral valvular disease in the dog.

著者が収集した犬の心臓標本306例のなかから僧帽弁線維症の特徴を有する64例の心臓標本の僧帽弁について, 形態学的再検討と詳細な計測を行なった. 形態学的観察の結果, 弁はちょうど"ヨットの帆を張ったような変形"を示し, その病変の好発部位は前尖の後半分と後尖の後交連に隣接する弁のrough zoneであった. 弁および腱索を計測した結果, 弁ではそのrough zoneに過度な伸展が認められ, 腱索ではrough zoneに挿入する腱索に強い伸張が認められた. 一方, 交連部やcleftに挿入する腱索には伸張は認められなかった. 組織学的には, fibrosaにある膠原線維の粘液変性と弁表面の線維性増殖が認められた. そして, 病変の進行とともに多量の酸性粘液多糖類の沈着を認めた. 特に腱索の断裂を伴なった症例では腱索の膠原線維にも粘液変性が認められた. これらの所見から, 本症の本質的病変は膠原線維の変性であり, その結果, 弁の脆弱化が起こって, 特徴的な変化をもたらすものと考えた. これらの特徴はヒトにおける僧帽弁逸脱症候群のそれに酷似し, 比較心形態学上興味深い.
Rgg protein structure–function and inhibition by cyclic peptide compounds

Significance Peptide pheromones regulate developmental processes, including virulence, in Gram-positive bacteria. Immature propeptide pheromones are synthesized, secreted, and undergo proteolytic maturation to serve as intercellular signals. The regulator gene of glucosyltransferase (Rgg) transcription factors are a large family of receptors that directly bind pheromones transported to the cytosol. Here we report X-ray crystal structures of a Streptococcus Rgg protein alone and complexed with cyclosporin A, which is a potent inhibitor of pheromone signaling. Based on these structures and extensive genetic and biochemical studies, we mapped the pheromone-binding site, discovered mechanistic aspects of Rgg regulation, and determined how cyclosporin A and its nonimmunosuppressive analog valspodar function to inhibit pheromone-mediated receptor activation. We conclude that similar compounds targeting bacterial pheromone receptors have potential for therapeutic applications. Peptide pheromone cell–cell signaling (quorum sensing) regulates the expression of diverse developmental phenotypes (including virulence) in Firmicutes, which includes common human pathogens, e.g., Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Cytoplasmic transcription factors known as “Rgg proteins” are peptide pheromone receptors ubiquitous in Firmicutes. Here we present X-ray crystal structures of a Streptococcus Rgg protein alone and in complex with a tight-binding signaling antagonist, the cyclic undecapeptide cyclosporin A. To our knowledge, these represent the first Rgg protein X-ray crystal structures. Based on the results of extensive structure–function analysis, we reveal the peptide pheromone-binding site and the mechanism by which cyclosporin A inhibits activation of the peptide pheromone receptor. Guided by the Rgg–cyclosporin A complex structure, we predicted that the nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin A analog valspodar would inhibit Rgg activation. Indeed, we found that, like cyclosporin A, valspodar inhibits peptide pheromone activation of conserved Rgg proteins in medically relevant Streptococcus species. Finally, the crystal structures presented here revealed that the Rgg protein DNA-binding domains are covalently linked across their dimerization interface by a disulfide bond formed by a highly conserved cysteine. The DNA-binding domain dimerization interface observed in our structures is essentially identical to the interfaces previously described for other members of the XRE DNA-binding domain family, but the presence of an intermolecular disulfide bond buried in this interface appears to be unique. We hypothesize that this disulfide bond may, under the right conditions, affect Rgg monomer–dimer equilibrium, stabilize Rgg conformation, or serve as a redox-sensitive switch.
The importance of polymorphic variants of collagen 1A2 gene (COL1A2) in the development of osteopenia and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

OBJECTIVES Collagen type I plays an important role in the bone matrix and is encoded by COL1A2 (collagen type I alpha 2) gene that may be a potential candidate for osteoporotic fracture. The aim of this study is to determine whether EcoRI, Del38 and PvuII polymorphisms of COL1A2 are associated with the development of osteoporosis and osteopenia in post-menopausal Polish women. Moreover, analysis of relationship between frequency of COL1A2 gene polymorphic variants and clinical parameters of bone turnover and degree of osteoporosis was performed. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study group comprised of women with osteoporosis (n = 90), osteopenia (n = 56) and healthy individuals (n = 56). The EcoRI, Del38 and PvuII polymorphisms in COL1A2 gene were detected by PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS In women with osteoporosis the TT genotype of EcoRI polymorphism had the lowest Z-score value compared to other genotypes (p = 0.034). In case of Del28 polymorphism, there was a statistically significant correlation between lower BMI values and the DD genotype in women with osteopenia (p = 0.041). There was no statistically significant correlation between polymorphic variants of Del28 polymorphism and clinical parameters of women with osteoporosis. The analysis of PvuII polymorphism showed that in women with osteopenia the CC genotype had the lowest body weight compared to other genotypes (p = 0.039). PvuII polymorphism and clinical parameters in the group of women with osteoporosis had no statistically significant correlations. CONCLUSIONS The analyzed COL1A2 polymorphisms seem to be related to osteoporosis development and their particular clinical parameters. Hence, the COL1A2 polymorphism may be a genetic risk factor related to the development of osteoporosis.
Potassium rectifier currents differ in myocytes of endocardial and epicardial origin.

Whole-cell voltage-clamp experiments and single-channel current recordings in cell-attached patch mode were performed on enzymatically dissociated single ventricular myocytes harvested from feline endocardial and epicardial surfaces. The studies were designed to compare the characteristics of inward rectifier K+ current (IK1) and delayed rectifier K+ current (IK) between endocardial and epicardial cells and to test the hypothesis that the differential characteristics of IK1 and/or IK are responsible for the differences in action potential configuration between the two cell types. IK1 in endocardial cells displayed a distinct N-shaped current-voltage (I-V) relation, with a prominent outward current at potentials between -80 and -30 mV. In epicardial cells, an outward current region was much smaller, and the I-V relation demonstrated a blunted N-shaped I-V relation. In single-channel current recordings in cell-attached patch mode, neither unitary current amplitude of IK1 nor probability of channel opening was different between endocardial and epicardial cells, suggesting that the difference in the number of functional channels might be responsible for the differential IK1 I-V relations. The characteristics of IK also differed between endocardial and epicardial cells. The time course of growth of tail current of IK (IK,tail) (activation of IK) was significantly enhanced and that of IK,tail deactivation was delayed in epicardial cells compared with endocardial cells. The time constant of the slow component of IK activation at +20 mV was 3,950 +/- 787 msec in endocardial cells and 2,746 +/- 689 msec in epicardial cells (p less than 0.05); the corresponding values for IK deactivation at -50 mV were 1,041 +/- 387 msec and 1,959 +/- 551 msec, respectively (p less than 0.01). The voltage dependence of steady-state activation of IK,tail was similar between endocardial and epicardial cells, suggesting that the probability of channel opening at any potential was not different in the two cell types. The amplitude and density of fully activated IK (IK,full) were significantly greater in epicardial cells than in endocardial cells. At repolarization to -20 mV, IK,full amplitude was 452 +/- 113 pA in endocardial cells and 578 +/- 135 pA in epicardial cells (p less than 0.05), and the corresponding values for IK,full density were 2.86 +/- 0.73 and 4.21 +/- 0.83 microA/cm2, respectively (p less than 0.05). A nonstationary fluctuation analysis revealed that the amplitude of IK unitary current was similar between endocardial and epicardial cells (0.23 +/- 0.07 versus 0.22 +/- 0.03 pA, p = NS). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Optimality of embeddings of Bessel-potential-type spaces into generalized Hölder spaces

We establish the sharpness of embedding theorems for Bessel-potential spaces modelled upon Lorentz-Karamata spaces and we prove the non-compactness of such embeddings. Target spaces in our embeddings are generalized Holder spaces. As consequences of our results, we get continuous envelopes of Bessel-potential spaces modelled upon Lorentz-Karamata spaces
Interactions of heparin and a covalently-linked antithrombin-heparin complex with components of the fibrinolytic system

Summary Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is used as an adjunct during thrombolytic therapy. However, its use is associated with limitations, such as the inability to inhibit surface bound coagulation factors. We have developed a covalent conjugate of antithrombin (AT) and heparin (ATH) with superior anticoagulant properties compared with UFH. Advantages of ATH include enhanced inhibition of surface-bound coagulation enzymes and the ability to reduce the overall size and mass of clots in vivo. The interactions of UFH or ATH with the components of the fibrinolytic pathway are not well understood. Our study utilised discontinuous second order rate constant (k2 ) assays to compare the rates of inhibition of free and fibrin-associated plasmin by AT+UFH vs ATH. Additionally, we evaluated the effects of AT+UFH and ATH on plasmin generation in the presence of fibrin. The k2 values for inhibition of plasmin were 5.74 ± 0.28 x 106 M-1 min-1 and 6.39 ± 0.59 x 106 M-1 min-1 for AT+UFH and ATH, respectively. In the presence of fibrin, the k2 values decreased to 1.45 ± 0.10 x 106 M-1 min1 and 3.07 ± 0.19 x 106 M-1 min-1 for AT+UFH and ATH, respectively. Therefore, protection of plasmin by fibrin was observed for both inhibitors; however, ATH demonstrated superior inhibition of fibrin-associated plasmin. Rates of plasmin generation were also decreased by both inhibitors, with ATH causing the greatest reduction (approx. 38-fold). Nonetheless, rates of plasmin inhibition were 2–3 orders of magnitude lower than for thrombin, and in a plasma-based clot lysis assay ATH significantly inhibited clot formation but had little impact on clot lysis. Cumulatively, these data may indicate that, relative to coagulant enzymes, the fibrinolytic system is spared from inhibition by both AT+UFH and ATH, limiting reduction in fibrinolytic potential during anticoagulant therapy.
Structure and functional organization of light-harvesting complexes and photochemical reaction centers in membranes of phototrophic bacteria.

INTRODUCTION. 59 Exciton Migration . 59 Energy Dissipation . 59 Pigment-Protein Complexes . 59 COMPOSITION AND ORGANIZATION OF LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEXES.60 Polypeptide Components . 60 Structure and Localization of Bchl-Binding Proteins . 60 Oligomeric Structure of Light-Harvesting Complexes . 62 Lateral Topography . 63 COMPOSITION AND ORGANIZATION OF RC . 65 Protein Components . 65 Structure and Topography. 65 LATERAL TOPOGRAPHY OF PIGMENT-PROTEIN COMPLEXES . 66 SUMMARY. 66 CORRELATIONS BETWEEN MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION OF RC-ANTENNA COMPLEXES AND ENERGY METABOLISM . 67 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . 67 LITERATURE CITED . 67
Gap Junction-Mediated Coupling in the Postnatal Anterior Subventricular Zone

We have studied gap junctional communication in the anterior subventricular zone (SVZa) of postnatal rodents, revealed by intercellular diffusion of dyes in brain slices. Extensive intercellular dye spread was evident in the SVZa. Coupling was not uniform, being characteristically larger in the outer borders of this layer, overlapping the previously described peripheral zone of concentration of S-phase cells. Intercellular spread of the dye was unaffected by acidification, but totally blocked by high Ca2+ concentrations. In addition, application of some known uncoupling agents as carbenoxolone and halothane led to a marked reduction of dye spread in the SVZa. Our results demonstrate the presence of dye coupling mediated by gap junctions in the SVZa. Furthermore, the spatial organization of dye coupling in these slices strongly suggests the existence of cell compartments in the postnatal SVZa.
A novel trench clustered insulated gate bipolar transistor (TCIGBT)

A new trench clustered insulated gate bipolar transistor (TCIGBT) is reported. In this device, a multitude of UMOS cathode cells is enclosed within a common n-well and p-well. The TCIGBT provides a unique "self-clamping" feature to protect the trenches from high electric fields. The simulation results based on 1.2 kV nonpunchthrough technology indicate an improvement of 25% in on state and 28% in the turn-off losses in comparison to the state-of-the-art trench IGBT. The saturation current levels of the TCIGBT, which can be designed independent of the forward drop, are also lower.
The antimycobacterial constituents of dill (Anethum graveolens)

As part of a project to characterize selected members of the Kuwaiti flora for their phytochemistry and antimycobacterial activity, a new furanocoumarin, 5‐[4″‐hydroxy‐3″‐methyl‐2″‐butenyloxy]‐6,7‐furocoumarin (3), was isolated from the whole herb of Anethum graveolens. The known compounds oxypeucedanin (1), oxypeucedanin hydrate (2) and falcarindiol (4) were also isolated from this plant. The structure of each compound was determined by interpretation of NMR and mass spectrometric data. The three known compounds exhibited antibacterial activity against a panel of rapidly growing mycobacteria with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range 2–128 µg/mL. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid screening for psychologic distress in men with prostate carcinoma

As more oncology care is moved to the outpatient setting, the need for a rapid means for oncologists to identify patients with significant distress has increased. Concurrent with this move has been the pressure to reduce time spent with each patient, adding to the likelihood that a distressed patient will not be recognized and will remain untreated in the current health care environment.
Kinderbetreuung in West- und Ostdeutschland: sozioökonomischer Hintergrund entscheidend

Fur die Form und den Umfang der Betreuung hat bei den Vorschulkindern der soziookonomische Hintergrund eine grosere Bedeutung als bei Schulkindern. So nimmt in Westdeutschland die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Besuchs einer Kindertageseinrichtung mit steigendem Einkommen der Eltern zu. In Ostdeutschland trifft dieser Einkommenszusammenhang auf die Inanspruchnahme einer ganztagigen Betreuung zu. Die wenigen Ganztagsplatze in Westdeutschland werden vorrangig von Akademikerinnen fur ihre Kinder in Anspruch genommen. Lediglich bei der informellen Betreuung, vor allem durch Grosmutter, gibt es keine grosen Unterschiede zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschland. Dies zeigen die Ergebnisse des vom DIW Berlin zusammen mit Infratest Sozialforschung erhobenen Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP). Sie sind von hoher sozialpolitischer Relevanz, da Kindertageseinrichtungen insbesondere fur Kinder aus bildungsfernen Elternhausern und finanziell schlechter gestellten Familien eine wichtige Bildungs- und Betreuungsfunktion haben. Deshalb sollten verstarkt finanzielle Ressourcen in diesen Bereich gelenkt werden.
INTER-RELATIONSHIPS OF INCOME, CHRONIC ENERGY DEFICIENCY, MORBIDITY AND HOSPITALIZATION AMONG ADULT MALE SLUM DWELLERS OF MIDNAPORE, WEST BENGAL, INDIA

Summary A cross-sectional study of 212 adult (>18 years) male slum dwellers (mean age=34·6±14·4 years) of Midnapore town, West Bengal, India, was undertaken to study the inter-relationships of chronic energy deficiency (CED), monthly family income (MFI), self-reported morbidity and hospitalization due to severe illness. The mean height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of the subjects were 160·0 cm, 50·8 kg and 19·9 kg/m2, respectively. The overall frequencies of CED (BMI<18·5 kg/m2), morbidity and hospitalization were 38·2%, 34·4% and 13·7%, respectively. Based on the WHO classification, the prevalence of CED among this population was high (20–39%), indicating a serious situation. Overall, MFI was significantly (p<0·01) positively correlated with BMI (r=0·21). Linear regression analyses showed that MFI had a significant impact (t=3·08; p<0·002) on BMI. Overall, MFI explained 3·9% variation in BMI. Subjects belonging to the lowest family income group (FIG I) had the lowest mean BMI (19·1 kg/m2) and the highest rate of CED (46·3%) and morbidity (36·6%). Those in the highest family income group (FIG III) had the largest mean BMI (20·8 kg/m2) and lowest rate of CED (30·2%) and morbidity (30·2%). The highest rate (18·9%) of hospitalization was found in this group. There were significant family income group differences in mean BMI (F=3·134, p<0·05). The frequency of morbidity (24·6%) and hospitalization (11·9%) was lowest among normal BMI individuals. Morbidity was significantly higher (χ2=11·92, p=0·0026) among CED (48·2%) subjects compared with normal BMI individuals (OR=2·85; CI=1·49–5·46). Similarly, compared with normal BMI subjects, morbidity was higher (38·5%; OR=1·92; 95% CI=0·50–7·18) among overweight subjects. Hospitalization was more common among CED subjects (16·1%; OR=1·42; CI=0·58–3·45) compared with normal BMI subjects. Similarly, the frequency of hospitalization was more among overweight individuals (15·4%; OR=1·35; 95% CI=0·0–7·59). In conclusion, this study provides evidence that the frequency of CED among this population is high, indicating a serious situation. Moreover there exists strong inter-relationships between BMI, CED, MFI and morbidity.