Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pure Compared With Mixed Serous Endometrial Carcinoma: Two Different Entities?

OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether mixed compared with pure uterine papillary serous carcinoma histology affects clinical outcome, and to assess uterine papillary serous carcinoma for its association with the precursor lesion endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma. METHODS: A multi-institution observational study of stage I–IV uterine papillary serous carcinoma patients was performed. Histopathologic slides were reviewed by four expert pathologists, with determination of the percentage serous histology within each tumor. The pre-existent endometrium was evaluated for the presence of endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma. RESULTS: We included 108 uterine papillary serous carcinoma patients. Fifty-eight patients had mixed and 50 patients had pure uterine papillary serous carcinoma histology. On multivariable analysis, advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (hazard ratio [HR] 3.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.57–6.32), mixed uterine papillary serous carcinoma histology (HR 0.35, 95% CI 0.19–0.66), and lymphovascular space invasion (HR 2.10, 95% CI 1.07–4.16) were significantly associated with recurrence. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage (HR 4.67, 95% CI 2.25–9.70) and mixed uterine papillary serous carcinoma histology (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.20–0.76) were significantly and independently associated with survival. Endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma was identified in 83.9% of all cases, with no significant difference between mixed and pure uterine papillary serous carcinoma patients. Atrophic or weakly proliferative endometrium was found in 90.7% of pure uterine papillary serous carcinoma cases, whereas hyperplastic endometrium with atypia was more commonly found in 34.7% of mixed carcinoma patients with uterine papillary serous carcinoma (P=.004). CONCLUSION: Pure uterine papillary serous carcinoma histology and FIGO stage are the most important risk factors for recurrence and survival in patients with uterine papillary serous carcinoma. Adjusted for covariates, patients with pure uterine papillary serous carcinoma had a 2.9-times greater risk for recurrence and a 2.6-times higher risk of death compared with patients with mixed uterine papillary serous carcinoma. Furthermore, endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma was equally found among pure and mixed uterine papillary serous carcinoma cases, whereas the nonneoplastic endometrium was atrophic or weakly proliferative in pure uterine papillary serous carcinoma cases compared with more hyperplastic endometrium with atypia in mixed uterine papillary serous carcinoma cases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II
Neonatal Diabetes: New Insights into Aetiology and Implications

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is defined as hyperglycaemia occurring in the first few weeks of life. It can be either transient (TNDM) or permanent (PNDM), and until recently, little was known about the condition. A cohort of 30 infants with a history of TNDM has been studied, and findings have suggested that NDM does not have the same aetiology as classical type 1 childhood diabetes. Uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 6 and an unbalanced duplication of paternal chromosome 6 have both been described as a genetic basis for TNDM in over 75% of the cases. In addition, cerebellar hypoplasia and Walcott-Rallison syndrome have been associated with PNDM, suggesting an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern; furthermore, a mutation in the gene insulin promoter factor 1 has been identified as a cause of pancreatic agenesis in PNDM. In the long term, TNDM may reduce beta cell functional capacity and present a predisposition to type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Backward-Facing Step Flows for Various Expansion Ratios at Low and Moderate Reynolds Numbers

This paper is concerned with the behavior of flows over a backward-facing step geometry for various expansion ratios H/h=1.9423, 2.5 and 3.0. A literature survey was carried out and it was found that the flow shows a strong two-dimensional behavior, on the plane of symmetry, for Reynolds numbers ReD=ρUbD/μ below approximately 400 (Ub= bulk velocity and D= hydraulic diameter). In this Reynolds number range, two-dimensional predictions were carried out to provide information on the general integral properties of backward-facing step flows, on mean velocity distributions and streamlines. Information on characteristic flow patterns is provided for a wide Reynolds number range, 10−4≤ReD≤800. In the limiting case of ReD→0, a sequence of Moffatt eddies of decreasing size and intensity is verified to exist in the concave corner also at ReD=1. The irreversible pressure losses are determined for various Reynolds numbers as a function of the expansion ratio. The two-dimensional simulations are known to underpredict the primary reattachment length for Reynolds numbers beyond which the actual flow is observed to be three-dimensional. The spatial evolution of jet-like flows in both the streamwise and the spanwise direction and transition to three-dimensionality were studied at a Reynolds number ReD=648. This three-dimensional analysis with the same geometry and flow conditions as reported by Armaly et al. (1983) reveals the formation of wall jets at the side wall within the separating shear layer. The wall jets formed by the spanwise component of the velocity move towards the symmetry plane of the channel. A self-similar wall-jet profile emerges at different spanwise locations starting with the vicinity of the side wall. These results complement information on backward-facing step flows that is available in the literature.
International Benchmarking of the Individual Tree Detection Methods for Modeling 3-D Canopy Structure for Silviculture and Forest Ecology Using Airborne Laser Scanning

Canopy structure plays an essential role in biophysical activities in forest environments. However, quantitative descriptions of a 3-D canopy structure are extremely difficult because of the complexity and heterogeneity of forest systems. Airborne laser scanning (ALS) provides an opportunity to automatically measure a 3-D canopy structure in large areas. Compared with other point cloud technologies such as the image-based Structure from Motion, the power of ALS lies in its ability to penetrate canopies and depict subordinate trees. However, such capabilities have been poorly explored so far. In this paper, the potential of ALS-based approaches in depicting a 3-D canopy structure is explored in detail through an international benchmarking of five recently developed ALS-based individual tree detection (ITD) methods. For the first time, the results of the ITD methods are evaluated for each of four crown classes, i.e., dominant, codominant, intermediate, and suppressed trees, which provides insight toward understanding the current status of depicting a 3-D canopy structure using ITD methods, particularly with respect to their performances, potential, and challenges. This benchmarking study revealed that the canopy structure plays a considerable role in the detection accuracy of ITD methods, and its influence is even greater than that of the tree species as well as the species composition in a stand. The study also reveals the importance of utilizing the point cloud data for the detection of intermediate and suppressed trees. Different from what has been reported in previous studies, point density was found to be a highly influential factor in the performance of the methods that use point cloud data. Greater efforts should be invested in the point-based or hybrid ITD approaches to model the 3-D canopy structure and to further explore the potential of high-density and multiwavelengths ALS data.
Phosphorylated CXCR4 is associated with poor survival in adults with B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia

CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is activated by phosphorylation (pCXCR4) and is essential for the migration of hematopoietic precursors to bone marrow. CXCR4 overexpression predicts a poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Data regarding the prognostic impact of CXCR4 in patients with B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) are sparse and limited to the pediatric population.
Meta-Analysis of Large-Scale Toxicogenomic Data Finds Neuronal Regeneration Related Protein and Cathepsin D to Be Novel Biomarkers of Drug-Induced Toxicity

Undesirable toxicity is one of the main reasons for withdrawing drugs from the market or eliminating them as candidates in clinical trials. Although numerous studies have attempted to identify biomarkers capable of predicting pharmacotoxicity, few have attempted to discover robust biomarkers that are coherent across various species and experimental settings. To identify such biomarkers, we conducted meta-analyses of massive gene expression profiles for 6,567 in vivo rat samples and 453 compounds. After applying rigorous feature reduction procedures, our analyses identified 18 genes to be related with toxicity upon comparisons of untreated versus treated and innocuous versus toxic specimens of kidney, liver and heart tissue. We then independently validated these genes in human cell lines. In doing so, we found several of these genes to be coherently regulated in both in vivo rat specimens and in human cell lines. Specifically, mRNA expression of neuronal regeneration-related protein was robustly down-regulated in both liver and kidney cells, while mRNA expression of cathepsin D was commonly up-regulated in liver cells after exposure to toxic concentrations of chemical compounds. Use of these novel toxicity biomarkers may enhance the efficiency of screening for safe lead compounds in early-phase drug development prior to animal testing.
Perceptions and electric senoidal current stimulation.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between perceptions and electrical senoidal current stimulation (ESCS). METHOD The study population comprise 100 healthy volunteers. ESCS of 5 Hz and 2 kHz were applied to the left index finger at one and 1.5 sensory threshold. Following each stimulus train a list of eight words (four related to thin fiber sensations and four related to thick fiber sensations) was presented to the subjects who were asked to choose the three words closer to the experienced sensation. Each chosen word was given a score 1; final results were obtained by the sum of the scores for the words related to thin and thick fiber systems for each situation. RESULTS For 5 Hz ESCS at one and 1.5 sensory threshold thin fibers had significantly higher scores than thick fibers; for 2 kHz ESCS, thick fibers had significantly higher scores. CONCLUSION These results show that there is a relation between different sensations and ESCS of different frequencies.
Psychometric Properties of the Tuckman Procrastination Scale in a Turkish Sample

A stepwise validation procedure was carried out to translate and develop a Turkish version of the Tuckman Procrastination Scale. A total of 858 college students completed the Tuckman Procrastination Scale, the Academic Self-efficacy Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. Two items in the original scale loaded on a different factor and were removed from the measure. The 14-item scale had a one-factor solution as supported by subsequent confirmatory factor analysis. The Turkish version of the Tuckman Procrastination Scale scores correlated negatively with academic self-efficacy and self-esteem scores. Overall results provided evidence for the validity and the reliability of the scale scores.
ESTADO NUTRICIONAL E CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL EM IDOSOS HOSPITALIZADOS

Objetivo: Analisar a associacao entre o estado nutricional e a capacidade funcional em idosos hospitalizados. Metodo: Estudo transversal, realizado com idosos admitidos na unidade geriatrica de um hospital universitario. As variaveis analisadas foram sexo, idade, capacidade funcional (atraves do Indice de Katz) e estado nutricional (atraves da Mini Avaliacao Nutricional - MNA®). Resultados: Foram avaliados 188 idosos, com media de idade de 81,1±8,4 anos (60 a 100 anos), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (64,9%). Observou-se que 50,5% dos idosos apresentavam risco de desnutricao e 63,3% era funcionalmente independentes. Nos idosos hospitalizados, o risco de desnutricao se mostrou associado a maior dependencia funcional, enquanto que o estado nutricional normal foi associado a maior independencia funcional. Conclusao: Em idosos hospitalizados, foi verificada maior frequencia de risco de desnutricao e de independencia funcional, sendo o risco de desnutricao associado a maior dependencia e o estado nutricional normal foi associado a maior independencia.
High-Performance Implanted-Channel SiC MESFETs

We demonstrate for the first time the development of state-of-the-art ion-implanted-channel SiC MESFETs with record dc and RF performance that is comparable to that of epitaxial-channel devices. MESFETs fabricated with this approach show a maximum stable gain exceeding 15.8 dB at 3.1 GHz in class-AB bias condition. An RF power output that is greater than 4 W/mm, with 63% drain efficiency, at 3.5 GHz was also achieved, showing the potential of these devices for high-power operation.
Making Care Decisions in Home-Based Dementia Care: Why Context Matters*

RÉSUMÉ D’ici à 2038, le nombre d’heures de soins non rémunérées aux aînés offert par les membres de la famille devraient tripler. Les membres des familles sont souvent suppliés d’aider dans le processus parce que vivre avec la démence peut inhiber la capacité pour prendre une décision. Cette étude ethnographique a soumis les relations au sein de soins de la démence à domicile à un examen critique par le biais des entrevues face-à-face et les observations des participants des clients, des aidants naturels et des prestataires de soins à domicile. Les résultats ont révélé comment les décisions sont imposées dans le contexte du système de soins à domicile formels, et ont mis en évidence trois thèmes: (1) L’accommodation de la compétence/incompétence, comme définie cliniquement; (2) La prise de décisions inopportunes; et (3) Le renforcement de l’exclusion des déments dans la prise de décision. Ces thèmes illuminent la façon dont les valeurs culturelles (la compétence), les croyances (l’immuabilité du système) et les pratiques (le réglage des décisions) dans le système de soins à domicile sont finalement déterministes dans la prise de décisions pour les déments et leurs aidants. Afin d’optimiser la santé des déments qui se font soignés à domicile, il faut accorder d’attention supplémentaire aux pratiques collaboratives et inclusives des membres des familles. ABSTRACT The hours of unpaid elder care by family members are projected to triple by 2038. Because living with dementia can inhibit decision-making abilities, family members are often besought to assist in this process. In this ethnographic study, relationships within home-based dementia care were critically examined through face-to-face interviews and participant observations with clients, family caregivers, and home care providers (n = 51). The findings revealed how the formalized home care system contextually imposes decisions, and revealed three themes: (1) accommodating clinically defined competence/incompetence, (2) making untimely decisions, and (3) reinforcing exclusion in decision making. These themes shed light on how cultural values (competency), beliefs (immutability of the system), and practices (timing of decisions) of the home care system are ultimately deterministic in decision making for persons with dementia and caregivers. Additional attention to the collaborative and inclusive practices of all family members in dementia home care is imperative in order to optimize health.
Bias and Conflict A Case for Logical Intuitions

Human reasoning has been characterized as often biased, heuristic, and illogical. In this article, I consider recent findings establishing that, despite the widespread bias and logical errors, people at least implicitly detect that their heuristic response conflicts with traditional normative considerations. I propose that this conflict sensitivity calls for the postulation of logical and probabilistic knowledge that is intuitive and that is activated automatically when people engage in a reasoning task. I sketch the basic characteristics of these intuitions and point to implications for ongoing debates in the field.
10 simple rules for designing and analyzing field experiments in ecology

A set of 10 fundamental rules to successfully design, execute, and analyze biological field experiments. This list tackles the main components of an experiment beginning with the hypothesis and predictions, to the design and execution, as well as statistical analysis and interpretation of data in order for researchers to create the best experimental design for their project. Although this paper is aimed at field experiments in ecology, many of the rules are applicable to other streams of biology.
Parents' impact on pregender children's toy preferences

iii LIST OF TABLES.v LIST OF FIGURES.vi CHAPTER ONE. INTRODUCTION.1 CHAPTER TWO. METHODS.18 CHAPTER THREE. RESULTS.24 CHAPTER FOUR. DISCUSSION.31 REFERENCES.39 APPENDIX A: INFORMED CONSENT.47 APPENDIX B: PARTICIPANT DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SHEET.49 APPENDIX C: AMENDED AHEMD-IS QUESTIONNAIRE.50
Peripheral Lymphadenitis Osteoarticular Abdominal Tuberculosis Miliary Tuberculosis Pericarditis Renal Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is an important health problem in developing countries, with varying clinical presentations depending on the organs/systems involved. To study the spectrum of clinical and paraclinical aspects of extra pulmonary TB in children suffering from pulmonary TB. This study has been carried out on 65 children with tuberculosis, admitted in TB wards of National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (N.R.I.T.L.D) during 2004-2006. All patients were investigated according to specific diagnostic criteria including; history of contact with TB patient, clinical manifestations, radiological findings, tuberculin test and bacteriologic or pathologic results and after confirmation, treatment was administered. Out of 65 cases, 14 had different types of extra pulmonary tuberculosis, and data concerning following factors were studied: age, gender, race, site of involvement, bacteriology, pathology, ADA (ascitic fluid), PCR (tissue specimens), history of close contact, HIV tests (ELISA), tuberculin test, radiological findings, and immunological studies (in disseminated TB). Of 14 cases, 8 were girls and 6 were boys with mean age of 8.75±4.2. Nine patients were Iranian and 5 were Afghan. History of close contact was detected in 4 cases. Type of involvement was: 5 cervical adenitis, 3 osteoaticular disease, 2 peritonitis and 2 disseminated form of tuberculosis, one pericarditis, one renal tuberculosis. Radiological findings showed 4 pulmonary disease and 3 osteoarticular involvement. Tuberculin skin tests greater than 15 mm observed in 5 cases, 9 patients had 0-5 mm induration. 4 cases had concomitant pulmonary and extra pulmonary involvement. Positive AFB in gastric lavage was recognized in 4 cases, in which 3 showed positive cultures for MTB. Pathological examinations in 10 cases revealed granuloma with caseation compatible with tuberculosis, five in lymphadenopaty, three in osteoarticular, two in abdominal tuberculosis. According to this study, 20% of patients had extra pulmonary involvement, which is comparable to other reports (20-25%) and TB lymphadenitis is the most common from of presentation. © 2010 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. Acta Medica Iranica 2010; 48(4): 239-243.
Haoranjiania flava gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Chitinophagaceae, isolated from activated sludge.

A novel Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming and short rod-shaped bacterium, strain LIP-5T, isolated from an activated sludge in a pesticide factory in Xinyi, China, was investigated for its taxonomic position by a polyphasic approach. Cell growth occurred at 16-42 °C (optimum, 30 °C), in the presence of 0-3.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, without NaCl) and at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that the isolate was a member of the family Chitinophagaceae, with the closest relatives being Arachidicoccus rhizosphaerae Vu-144T (93.5 % similarity), followed by Heliimonas saccharivorans L2-4T (90.5 %) and Chitinophaga ginsengisoli Gsoil 052T (89.6 %). Menaquinone 7 (MK-7) was the predominant respiratory ubiquinone and phosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified lipids were the major polar lipids. The major cellular fatty acids of strain LIP-5T were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0, and there were also moderate amounts of iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and C17 : 0 2-OH. The DNA G+C content was 42.3 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain LIP-5T was classified as representing a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Haoranjiania flava gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Haoranjiania flava is LIP-5T (=CCTCC AB 2015365T=KCTC 42956T).
Comparison between Allowable Properties Method and Reliability Analysis Method to Determine Design Values of Visually Graded Chinese Larch 40 x 65 mm Lumber

The reliability analysis method and the allowable stress method were both applied in this study to determine design values of ultimate compression strength (UCS) of visually-graded 40 x 65 mm dimension Chinese larch lumber. A total of 784 lumber samples were tested on the static full-size compression strength, according to Chinese National Standards. The goodness-of-fit for the UCS distribution of four visual grades of lumber were analyzed, and first-order, second-moment reliability analyses under different load cases were performed based on all of the test data. The log-normal distribution was found to optimize the fitted distribution of the ultimate compression strength of Chinese larch dimension lumber. Design values of the compression strength of grades Ic, IIc, IIIc, and IVc were suggested to have the minimum reliability index of 3.2 for the reliability analysis method, and the reduction factor of 1/1.9 for the allowable stress method. The results showed that the design values in the Chinese Code were the most conservative for high visual grade dimension lumber compared to the reliability analysis and allowable stress methods. The reliability analysis method was more suitable for developing design values of lower visually-graded lumber.
Infection control and biosecurity in equine disease control

Summary Infectious diseases are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in horses, along with economic costs and broader impacts associated with the loss of members of a species that generates income, acts as a working animal and is a companion. Endemic diseases continue to challenge, emerging diseases are an ever‐present threat and outbreaks can be both destructive and disruptive. While infectious diseases can never be completely prevented, measures can be introduced to restrict the entry of pathogens into a population or limit the implications of the presence of a pathogen. Objective research regarding infection control and biosecurity in horses is limited, yet a variety of practical infection prevention and control measures can be used. Unfortunately, infection control can be challenging, because of the nature of the equine industry (e.g. frequent horse movement) and endemic pathogens, but also because of lack of understanding or motivation to try to improve practices. Recognition of the basic concepts of infection control and biosecurity, and indeed the need for measures to control infectious diseases, is the foundation for successful infection prevention and control.