Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social capital and job satisfaction: The case of Europe in times of economic crisis

This study uses data for 23 countries elicited from the 2010/11 wave of the European Social Survey to examine the stability of social capital as a predictor of job satisfaction at a time of economic crisis. The analysis reveals a remarkably resilient impact of social capital and its constituent components during the economic downturn. However, this resilience is much less pronounced when the focus is on countries where the crisis was most severe, suggesting an economic development threshold below which certain social capital components lose their associational impact. However, religious activity is significantly associated with workers’ job satisfaction in these economies, providing comfort during times of socio-economic difficulty. The extent of organizational trust, measured by proxy variables for participative decision-making, has by far the strongest association with job satisfaction. This suggests that employers need to think again about the way they treat their employees to maximize the benefits of social capital and, ultimately, improve the job satisfaction scores of their workers.
A review on efforts of induced mutagenesis for qualitative and quantitative improvement of oilseed brassicas

Genetic variability is a prerequisite feature of any crop improvement programme and induced mutagenesis has become a proven way of creating new variations within a crop variety. The utility of this method is evident from the fact that in several crops induced mutants have been released as new varieties. Intensive efforts of induced mutagenesis have been also made for the improvement of oilseed brassicas. This review summarizes various efforts of induced mutagenesis, deals with qualitative and quantitative improvement of oilseed brassicas.
The behaviour of tethered sows when given the opportunity to exercise.

In individual housing systems for sows, the lack of opportunity to exercise has been raised as a welfare issue. In this study 18 sows were kept in neck tethers for 11 weeks over their gestation period until they were due to farrow. Half of these sows were given the opportunity to exercise three times a week for 5% h between feeding periods. Behavioural observations showed that the exercise pigs marked and explored the pen, behaviours which are not seen in tethered pigs. Also the exercise pigs rested significantly sooner after feeding than the tethered control sows, As pregnancy advanced both the control and exercise groups lay down significantly sooner after feeding. Reproductive data (piglets born alive and dead) were not significantly different in either system.
The Construct of Resilience and its Application to the Context of Political Violence

This article is intended to be the first in a series of inquiries into the theory and application of the construct of resilience. The article begins by providing a synopsis of the history, conceptualization, and significance of the construct across various fields of scientific examination. This first section focuses explic-itly on the complexity of resilience. The next section follows with a discussion of whether the construct—in light of its most basic and established tenets—is applicable to the context of political violence. It does so by presenting analyses of data collected from youth and young adults living in the conflict-affected regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Gaza and the West Bank, Palestine. It is clear from this data that the majority of these individuals reported levels of psychosocial functioning consistent with principles identified in resilience theory.
An approximate exchange-correlation hole density as a functional of the natural orbitals

The Fermi and Coulomb holes that can be used to describe the physics of electron correlation are calculated and analysed for a number of typical cases, ranging from prototype dynamical correlation to purely nondynamical correlation. Their behaviour as a function of the position of the reference electron and of the nuclear positions is exhibited. The notion that the hole can be written as the square of a hole amplitude, which is exactly true for the exchange hole, is generalized to the total holes, including the correlation part. An Ansatz is made for an approximate yet accurate expression for the hole amplitude in terms of the natural orbitals. employing the local (at the reference position) values of the natural orbitals and the density. This expression for the hole amplitude leads to an approximate two-electron density matrix that: (a) obeys correct permutation symmetry in the electron coordinates; (b) integrates to the exact one-matrix; and (c) yields exact correlation energies in the limiting cases of predominant dynamical correlation (high Z two-electron ions) and pure nondynamical correlation (dissociated H2).
The Evolution of Coronal Mass Ejection Density Structures

We present a discussion of the time evolution of the mass and energy of a model coronal mass ejection (CME), analyzing both synthetic coronograph images and three-dimensional data of the numerical ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulation. Our global steady state coronal model possesses high-latitude coronal holes and a helmet streamer structure with a current sheet near the equator, reminiscent of near solar minimum conditions. Within this model system, we drive a CME to erupt by the introduction of a Gibson-Low magnetic flux rope that is embedded in the helmet streamer in an initial state of force imbalance. The flux rope rapidly expands and is ejected from the corona with maximum speeds in excess of 1000 km s-1 driving a fast-mode shock that propagates from the inner corona to a distance of 1 AU. We study the mass and energetics of the CME inferred from the three-dimensional results of the simulation, as well as calculated from synthetic coronograph images produced at different times. The two-dimensional plane-of-sky density structure of a CME is discussed for wide-angle coronographs, such as the Heliospheric Imager (HI-2) on board STEREO (Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory), and compared with the three-dimensional density structure. We found that the CME mass derived from the synthetic coronographic images is an underestimate by about 50% of the total mass of the CME according to the three-dimensional data. Two main reasons can be invoked: the poor assumption that all the mass of the CME is in the plane of the sky and the wrapping of the front shock around the density-depleted cavity, which leads to an apparent decrease in brightness of the front shock.
The effect of the diet supplementation with linseed and rapeseed on the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of ostrich meat*

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the dietary linseed and rapeseed supplements on the physico-chemical and sensory properties of ostrich meat. The experiment was carried out on forty growing ostriches raised in five groups (control and with 4 and 8% linseed and 5 and 10% rapeseed of the diet). The diet with rapeseed did not affect the physico-chemical properties of meat, while 4% linseed in a diet had positive influence on flavour (P<0.001) and cooking loss (P<0.05), that are important from the consumer point of view. Higher amounts of linseed (8%) in the diet caused changes in pH24 and increasing fat content in meat.
Sulfur dioxide and primary carbonaceous aerosol emissions in China and India, 1996-2010

Abstract. China and India are the two largest anthropogenic aerosol generating countries in the world. In this study, we develop a new inventory of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and primary carbonaceous aerosol (i.e., black and organic carbon, BC and OC) emissions from these two countries for the period 1996–2010, using a technology-based methodology. Emissions from major anthropogenic sources and open biomass burning are included, and time-dependent trends in activity rates and emission factors are incorporated in the calculation. Year-specific monthly temporal distributions for major sectors and gridded emissions at a resolution of 0.1°×0.1° distributed by multiple year-by-year spatial proxies are also developed. In China, the interaction between economic development and environmental protection causes large temporal variations in the emission trends. From 1996 to 2000, emissions of all three species showed a decreasing trend (by 9 %–17 %) due to a slowdown in economic growth, a decline in coal use in non-power sectors, and the implementation of air pollution control measures. With the economic boom after 2000, emissions from China changed dramatically. BC and OC emissions increased by 46 % and 33 % to 1.85 Tg and 4.03 Tg in 2010. SO2 emissions first increased by 61 % to 34.0 Tg in 2006, and then decreased by 9.2 % to 30.8 Tg in 2010 due to the wide application of flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) equipment in power plants. Driven by the remarkable energy consumption growth and relatively lax emission controls, emissions from India increased by 70 %, 41 %, and 35 % to 8.81 Tg, 1.02 Tg, and 2.74 Tg in 2010 for SO2, BC, and OC, respectively. Monte Carlo simulations are used to quantify the emission uncertainties. The average 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of SO2, BC, and OC emissions are estimated to be −16 %–17 %, −43 %–93 %, and −43 %–80 % for China, and −15 %–16 %, −41 %–87 %, and −44 %–92 % for India, respectively. Sulfur content, fuel use, and sulfur retention of hard coal and the actual FGD removal efficiency are the main contributors to the uncertainties of SO2 emissions. Biofuel combustion related parameters (i.e., technology divisions, fuel use, and emission factor determinants) are the largest source of OC uncertainties, whereas BC emissions are also sensitive to the parameters of coal combustion in the residential and industrial sectors and the coke-making process. Comparing our results with satellite observations, we find that the trends of estimated emissions in both China and India are in good agreement with the trends of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and SO2 retrievals obtained from different satellites.
Childbearing after separation: do second unions make up for earlier missing births? Evidence from France

Today, the childbearing process is no longer completed in one unique union but has to be analysed in terms of a succession of family steps since more and more people experience several partnerships in their life. This article aims to study fertility behaviour after the first union in terms of total fertility and also the timing of this fertility, by taking into account the fact that individuals in second unions may be racing against the biological clock since they form their union later. Using a French “onepercent” survey of Family History in 1999, results show that completed fertility in case of separation is generally reduced by 0.1 children for men and 0.15 for women. However, in the event of repartnering, men’s fertility makes up for fertility of never separated men. Growing sterility with age affects step-fertility especially for women. The acceleration of the birth process for second unions in the hypothetical scenario of absence of sterility may be a proof of the couple's anticipation of fecundability decline with age
Survival of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis in Homemade Smoked Pork Sausages

Kralik P., Přikrylova Vondruskova H. , Slana I. , Moravkova M. , Pavlik I. (2011): Survival of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis in homemade smoked pork sausages. Czech J. Food Sci., 29: 647–653. We assessed the survival of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) in artificially contaminated homemade smoked sausages prepared from pork meat according to traditional recipes, the effect of storage of such sausages at –20°C for three months on MAH viability and to compare assessment of MAH viability/presence by culture and qPCR. Three isolates of MAH were inoculated into the sausage mixture at concentrations of 10 6 CFU per gram of meat and cold smoked at 40°C for 12 h or hot smoked at 70°C for 6 hours. MAH survived the cold smoking procedure without any significant decrease in viable MAH CFU counts; no viable MAH were detected in the hot smoked sausages. The storage of sausages at –20°C caused a decrease in viable MAH counts of about 1 to 3 log 10 . Absolute MAH counts determined by qPCR were not significantly reduced by the storage or smoking. The presence of viable MAH in sausages after the cold smoking should be considered as a risk for immunodeficient individuals and children.
Oscillation of Saturn's southern auroral oval

magnetic field is apparently highly axisymmetric. In addition, the period of the Saturn kilometric radiation has been shown to vary over time. In this paper we present results from the recent Hubble Space Telescope observations of Saturn’s southern ultraviolet auroral emission. We show that the center of the auroral oval oscillates with period 10.76 h ± 0.15 h for both January 2007 and February 2008, i.e., close to the periods determined for oscillations in other magnetospheric phenomena. The motion of the oval center is described for 2007 by an ellipse with semimajor axis � 1.4 ±0 . 3 oriented toward � 09–21 h LT, eccentricity � 0.93, and center offset from the spin axis by � 1.8 toward � 04 h LT. For 2008 the oscillation is consistent with an ellipse with semimajor axis � 2.2 ±0 . 3 oriented toward � 09–21 h LT, eccentricity � 0.99, and a center offset from the spin axis by � 2.2 toward � 03 h LT. The motion of the auroral oval is thus highly elliptical in both cases, and the major oscillation axis is oriented toward prenoon/ premidnight. This result places an independent constraint on the magnitude of the planet’s dipole tilt and may also indicate the presence of an external current system that imposes an asymmetry in the ionospheric field modulated close to the planetary period.
Analyst Disagreement- A Recipe for Disaster: The Cross-section of Scandinavian Stock Returns

We show that dispersion in analysts’ earnings forecasts is negatively related to future returns on the Scandinavian stock markets. This negative relation is most pronounced for small stocks. Considering dispersion in analysts’ earnings forecasts as a proxy for differences of opinion, the results support the view that differences of opinion in the presence of short sale constraints lead to overvaluation. The results cannot be explained by other known factors and they are robust to various changes in methodology. The results suggest that traders can use dispersion in analysts’ earnings forecasts as a profitable trading rule on the Scandinavian stock markets. JEL Classification: G12; G14; G15
Information capacity for a class of MIMO systems

The Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Systems are usually used in wireless communications, by the use of spatial diversity at both sides of the link. The MIMO concept is more general and embraces many other scenarios such as wireline networks (LANs). This paper summarizes the state of art in MIMO systems, presenting MIMO channel models, summarizing the computing of the information capacity for some particular MIMO channels and making a comparative analysis for different channel modeling parameters.
Three-Dimensional Structure of RNA-Binding Protein TLS Co-Crystallized with Biotinylated Isoxazole

RNA-binding protein TLS with specific mutations forms insoluble precipitates in motor neurons causing neuronal degenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and frontotemporal dementia. TLS at high concentration around 10 mg/ml is prone to be precipitated even without any mutation. The mutation on TLS is supposed to induce more precipitation than the wild type with uncovered molecular mechanism. Specific protein precipitation is one of major causes for the neuronal diseases like the Alzheimer disease with amyloid formations. Identification of a trigger of the precipitation formation is a key event at developing the therapeutics against these diseases. Screening candidate compounds from a chemical library to stimulate mouse embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes identified isoxazole, its relative compounds containing the COX-2 inhibitor and β lactamase-resistant antibiotics. Its derivative, biotinylated isoxazole (b-isox), was serendipitously found to be precipitated with divergent RNA-binding proteins through their low complexity domains. The b-isox precipitation of RNA-binding proteins should be a model system for formation of insoluble precipitates at neuronal degenerative diseases. We confirmed the precipitation of TLS with b-isox and analyzed the co-crystal formation. In silico analysis presents a model of crystallization of b-isox forming the β strand structure with wavy repetitive valleys. The valleys of the β sheet capture the unstructured LC domains of TLS and force them into also β strand shapes. This model sheds light on flexible feature of the LC domain that well fits the valleys of the b-isox crystals. This should be one major reason why various LC domains are involves in formation of insoluble precipitates, suggesting molecular mechanism for neurodegenerative disorders.
Are Actual and Perceived Intellectual Self–enhancers Evaluated Differently by Social Perceivers?

Do actual and perceived self–enhancement entail differing social impressions (i.e. interpersonal evaluations)? Actual self–enhancement represents unduly positive self–views, as gauged by an objective criterion (in this case, IQ scores), whereas perceived self–enhancement involves the extent to which an individual is seen by informants (i.e. peers or observers) as self–enhancing. In an online survey (N = 337), a laboratory experiment (N = 75), and a round–robin study (N = 183), we tested the effects of actual and perceived intellectual self–enhancement on (informant–rated) emotional stability, social attractiveness, and social influence. Actual self–enhancers were rated as emotionally stable, socially attractive, and socially influential. High perceived self–enhancers were judged as socially influential, whereas low–to–moderate perceived self–enhancers were deemed emotionally stable and socially attractive. Privately entertained, illusory positive (even extreme) self–beliefs confer social benefits, whereas being perceived as self–enhancing buys social influence at the cost of being despised. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Personality Psychology
Genetic investigation of the large-scale escape of a tropical fish, barramundi Lates calcarifer, from a sea-cage facility in northern Australia

Expansion of sea-cage aquaculture has increased incidences of large-scale escapes of farmed fish. Whilst escape events are relatively well-characterised for temperate fish species, such as salmonids, there are no studies that report the occurrence and persistence of farmed tropical fish escapees. Given the rapid rise in tropical finfish aquaculture, there is a need to understand the persistence of escaped farmed tropical species so that informed risk assessments in the planning of future sea-cage aquaculture developments can be made. In 2011, a barramundi Lates calcarifer sea-cage facility in Hinchinbrook Channel, Queensland, was destroyed by a tropical cyclone, resulting in the escape of similar to 280 t of >= 500 mm fish into the surrounding wild population. Between 12 and 18 mo after the escape event, 403 genetic samples were collected from barramundi caught within Hinchinbrook Channel. DNA parentage analyses were used to assign sampled fish as either 'farm escapees' or 'wild' by matching microsatellite genotypes to the hatchery broodstock used to produce seedstock for the farm. Following parentage analysis, fish identified as escapees comprised 31% of the sampled barramundi population. A single male-female broodstock pairing accounted for 32% of the escaped fish identified. The allelic richness of escapees was 56% of that observed in wild barramundi, while the average pairwise relatedness of escapees was 0.164 (+/- 0.003) versus 0.002 (+/- 0.001) within wild fish. This study is the first to show that farm barramundi can survive and integrate into natural populations in large numbers up to at least 18 mo after they escape. Due to the large proportion of escapee fish currently in the Hinchinbrook Channel population and their high levels of relatedness, longer-term concerns are raised over potential accumulation of inbreeding effects. This makes ongoing monitoring and documentation of impacts critical to quantify the true effects these large escape events in this tropical fish have on wild populations.
Intergenerational Earnings Mobility Among Daughters and Sons: Evidence from Sweden and a Comparison with the United States ∗

This paper adopts Chadwick and Solon’s (2002) model by using family earnings in the study of intergenerational earnings mobility with a highlight on the role of assortative mating. I analyze mean and quantile regression coefficients as well as transition matrices to investigate family earnings mobility between parents and daughters, and parents and sons from Swedish register data. My findings indicate that Sweden has a higher degree of mobility compared to the U.S., and that assortative mating also plays an important role as a channel through which income status is transmitted across generations in Sweden. However, the difference in intergenerational mobility patterns between the two countries does not, inherently, depend on factors that affect the marriage match. Swedish daughters and sons exhibit a rather similar scheme of intergenerational earnings transmission. Daughters tend to be slightly more mobile than sons and the difference between their elasticity estimates is small but statistically significant. The quantile regression approach reveals that parents’ family earnings are less important as explanatory variable at the upper end of the children’s earnings distribution than it is at the bottom while transition matrices show substantial earnings persistence in the top earnings class.
Sex differences in emotional and behavioral responses to HIV+ individuals’ expression of distress

Two studies examined the influence of HIV+ individual's expression of distress on perceivers’ emotional and behavioral reactions. In Study 1 (N = 224), HIV+ individual's expression of distress was experimentally manipulated by means of vignettes. Men and women reacted differently when persons with HIV conveyed distress: women reported stronger feelings of pity, whereas men reported stronger feelings of anger. Study 2 (N = 136) replicated this study in a realistic experimental setting with additional behavioral measures. Similarly, women reported stronger pro-social behavior than men when confronted with a person with HIV who conveyed distress. Results of the present study shed additional light to the self-presentational dilemma of ill persons. Conveying moderate levels of distress may evoke pro-social responses in women, but not in men.
Strong A∞-weights and scaling invariant Besov capacities

This article studies strong A∞-weights and Besov capacities as well as their relationship to Hausdorff measures. It is shown that in the Euclidean space Rn with n ≥ 2, whenever n − 1 < s ≤ n, a function u yields a strong A∞-weight of the form w = enu if the distributional gradient ∇u has sufficiently small || · ||Ls,n−s(R; Rn)norm. Similarly, it is proved that if 2 ≤ n < p < ∞, then w = enu is a strong A∞-weight whenever the Besov Bp-seminorm [u]Bp(Rn) of u is sufficiently small. Lower estimates of the Besov Bp-capacities are obtained in terms of the Hausdorff content associated with gauge functions h satisfying the condition ∫ 1 0 h(t) p′−1 dt t < ∞.