Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
8.2 CLOUD LIGHTNING PERFORMANCE AND CLIMATOLOGY OF THE U.S. BASED ON THE UPGRADED U.S. NATIONAL LIGHTNING DETECTION NETWORK

The 2013 upgrade of the U.S. National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) was anticipated to provide uniform cloud lightning (IC) flash detection efficiency (DE) of about 50% over the entire continental U.S. In this study, we expand upon earlier, preliminary DE validation work that used Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) data. In this study, we add additional LMA data and additional case studies during 2014 to verify that the upgraded NLDN has a cloud lightning DE that is fairly uniform and is between 50 – 60%. Further, we utilize the first full year of data from the upgraded NLDN to offer the first IC-only lightning climatology of the continental U.S. We also provide an NLDN-based version of the climatology of the IC-CG ratio over the U.S., an initial version of which was published in 2001 based on comparisons of NLDN data with the low-earth orbiting satellite OTD (Optical Transient Detector).
Reduced Sp 1 expression inhibits proliferation and migration of HepG 2 cells

Background: Specificity protein 1 (Sp1) is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor involved in the regulation of a large number of genes including housekeeping genes as well as actively regulated genes. Increasing evidence has indicated that Sp1 is closely correlated with the occurrence and progression of many tumors. However, its function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still not well understood. Here, we explored the effects of Sp1 on the proliferation and migration of the HepG2 cell line. The plasmid expression vector of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting Sp1 was constructed and transfected into HepG2 cells by Lipo2000 transfection reagent. Immunocytochemistry, Western blot, and quantitative real-time PCR were applied to determine Sp1 expression, and MTT and transwell assays were used to analyze cell proliferation and migration, respectively. The results show significantly decreased Sp1 expression can inhibit the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells after transfection with Sp1 shRNA, which then affects biological behavior of HepG2 cells. So Sp1 may be a therapeutic target and potential diagnostic marker in HCC.
Union Instability and Fertility: A Microsimulation Model for Italy and Great Britain

Family dynamics are changing in Europe, but only few studies investigate how cohort completed fertility is affected by partnership behaviours and how this has changed over time. We use microsimulation techniques to investigate the effect of the increasing prevalence of union dissolution on completed fertility levels in Italy and Great Britain, two countries with very different systems of value. We find that the net effect of union instability is to decrease fertility (by about 0.5 children for Italian and 0.2 to 0.4 children for British cohorts) but the magnitude of the difference depends on the timing of union formation and separation. As expected, re-partnering produces more children in new partnerships if the separation occurs earlier. Nonetheless, it is only if separation takes place after the second birth and if all women re-partner that additional childbearing would almost compensate for births lost due to union disruption.
Intraoperative Radiation Therapy and Electronic Brachytherapy The American Brachytherapy Society consensus statement on intraoperative radiation therapy

PURPOSE: Although radiation therapy has trad Received 29 Dece Conflict of interest received a research gra Oncology, is a consulta * Corresponding a fax: þ216-445-1068. E-mail address: c 1538-4721/$ see fro https://doi.org/10.1 itionally been deliveredwith external beamor brachytherapy, intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) represents an alternative thatmay shorten the course of therapy, reduce toxicities, and improve patient satisfactionwhile potentially lowering the cost of care.At this time, there are limited evidence-based guidelines to assist clinicians with patient selection for IORT. As such, the American Brachytherapy Society presents a consensus statement on the use of IORT. METHODS: Physicians and physicists with expertise in intraoperative radiation created a sitedirected guideline for appropriate patient selection and utilization of IORT. RESULTS: Several IORT techniques exist including radionuclide-based high-dose-rate, low-dose-rate, electron, and low-energy electronic. In breast cancer, IORTas monotherapy should only be used on prospective studies. IORT can be considered in the treatment of sarcomas with close/positive margins or recurrent sarcomas. IORT can be considered in conjunction with external beam radiotherapy for retroperitoneal sarcomas. IORT can be considered for colorectal malignancies with concern for positive margins and in the setting of recurrent gynecologic cancers. For thoracic, head and neck, and central nervous system malignancies, utilization of IORT should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. CONCLUSIONS: The present guidelines provide clinicians with a summary of current data regarding IORT by treatment site and guidelines for the appropriate patient selection and safe utilization of the technique. High-dose-rate, low-dose-rate brachytherapy methods are appropriate when IORT is to be delivered as are electron and low-energy based on the clinical scenario. 2019 American Brachytherapy Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Sundaeschna gen . nov . with Descriptions of Two New Species from Vietnam and Myanmar ( Odonata , Anisoptera , Aeshnidae )

Sundaeschna gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate two new species in the family Aeshnidae. One species, S. cattienensis sp. nov., is described from Dong Nai Province, Vietnam. Another species, S. tanintharyiensis sp. nov., is described from Tanintharyi Township, Myeik District, Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar. This new genus resembles the genus Sarasaeschna in the tribe Gomphaeschnini, but is easily distinguished by the structure of the fourth penile segment and by the pigmental spots on the posterior margins of all wings. Both these new species are recorded from lowlands, in contrast with Sarasaeschna, whose members generally occur in mountainous regions. These two new species are easily distinguished from each other by the shape of the male epiproct.
Unsupervised Learning for Image Category Detection

We propose an unsupervised object category learning approach, where the output representations improve classification performance too. The contribution is threefold: we integrate a ’Network in Network’ (NIN) approach in unsupervised learning, improving the representational power of the network for local patches by replacing linear filters with micro convolutional networks. We learn receptive fields to connect layers of the network sparsely, and we propose a new encoding function that introduces sparsity in a natural way and avoids the necessity of parameter tuning. The learned model generates a feature representation of images, used for unsupervised category learning. Results demonstrate that the obtained image categories reflect true object categories well. In addition, experimental results on classification tasks show superiority of the proposed approach in comparison with an unsupervised stateof-the-art learning architecture.
Molecular heterogeneity in lung cancer: from mechanisms of origin to clinical implications

Molecular heterogeneity is a frequent event in cancer responsible of several critical issues in diagnosis and treatment of oncologic patients. Lung tumours are characterized by high degree of molecular heterogeneity associated to different mechanisms of origin including genetic, epigenetic and non-genetic source. In this review, we provide an overview of recognized mechanisms underlying molecular heterogeneity in lung cancer, including epigenetic mechanisms, mutant allele specific imbalance, genomic instability, chromosomal aberrations, tumor mutational burden, somatic mutations. We focus on the role of spatial and temporal molecular heterogeneity involved in therapeutic implications in lung cancer patients.
Efficacy of Narrative Exposure Therapy in the treatment of childhood trauma-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder : a case series design

Narrative exposure therapy (NET) is considered effective for the treatment of simple PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder) and that from multiple traumas. The efficacy of NET in the treatment of child abuse-related PTSD has, to our knowledge, has barely been determined and is the objective of this study. Quality of life ratings (QOL) of patients were also determined. Using a single-case experimental design, two patients diagnosed with PTSD with the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and having experienced child abuse received 1620 sessions of NET. PTSD symptom scores and QOL ratings were obtained weekly following sessions using self-report questionnaires. These data and CAPS total symptom severity scores were also obtained at the end of treatment and at a 3-month follow-up for Patient 1. Although most self-reported data indicated non-significant reductions on total PTSD symptom scores and increases in QOL scores, significant reductions were observed for re-experiencing and avoidance symptoms for the data of one patient. Reliable change indices (RCIs) from CAPS scores indicate clinically significant changes in PTSD symptom scores and QOL ratings for both patients at the end of therapy and for the one patient in which these symptoms were determined at the 3-month follow-up. Although self-report and clinical results conflict somewhat, data from the clinical interview which is superior as a diagnostic tool, indicates promising preliminary findings. More research with greater numbers of patients is necessary to determine the efficacy of NET as a treatment for PTSD in this patient group. Inhoud Abstract .
The expression of IL-36 and the activation of pp 38 MAPK and NF-κB p 65 pathway in psoriasis vulgaris

Objective: To study the expression of IL-36 in psoriasis vulgaris and the activation changes of its downstream signal molecules, p-p38 and NF-κB p65. Methods: Eighty patients with psoriasis vulgaris were selected as subjects of the study from Department of dermatology in our hospital from April 2015 to April 2017, and other thirty healthy subjects were selected as the control group. The skins of patients with psoriasis vulgaris and normal people were collected to detect the mRNA and protein levels of IL-36, p38 and NF-κB p65 by RT-PCR method, immunohistochemical staining and the western blot, respectively. The correlation between the expression of IL-36 and the activation of p-p38 and NF-κB p65 were evaluated using Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: The relative mRNA expression levels of IL-36 and NF-κB p65 in the psoriasis vulgaris group were higher than those in the control group (P=0.000), but there was no statistical difference in mRNA expression level of p38 between the two groups (P=0.146). The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that staining intensities of IL-36, p-p38 and NF-κB p65 in the psoriasis vulgaris group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P=0.000). The results of the western blot showed that the protein expression levels of IL-36, p-p38 and NF-κB P65 were significantly higher than those in the control group (P=0.000). There were positive correlations among the expressions of IL-36, p-p38 and NF-κB p65. Conclusion: There is high expression of IL-36 and increased activation of related p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway in psoriasis vulgaris lesions.
A NOVEL COMBINED ECONOMIC AND EMISSION DISPATCH CONTROL BY HYBRID PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE

The problem of Economic Dispatch (ED) in electric power systems is to schedule the power output for each committed generator unit such that the operating cost is minimized and simultaneously, the customer load demand is matched and the generator operating limits are met. Nowadays with increasing awareness of environmental pollution caused by burning of fossil fuels, emission of pollutants is also a criterion for economic dispatch of the plants. The environmental objective of generation dispatch is to minimize the total environmental cost or the total pollutant emission. This paper presents an efficient and simple approach for solving the emission constrained economic dispatch problem using the proposed Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization Technique (HPSO). The convergence and usefulness of the proposed HPSO is demonstrated through its application to a test system. The computational results reveal that the proposed algorithm has an excellent convergence characteristic and has the potential to apply to other power system problems.
The MECD Quality Certification Proposal of MOOC Courses

This article discusses the possible application of quality standards MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) at the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (MECD) of Spain through EduTool®, registered trademark in the Spanish Office of Patent and Trademark (3,087,298 in force). This work comes from a line of research of the Pablo de Olavide University of Seville and it was developed in the Computational Intelligence Laboratory (hereinafter CIL) under the auspices of the UNE 66181. In the tool we have analyzed the weights of the subfactors of each of the dimensions (recognition of training, learning methodology and levels of accessibility) of this standard for Quality Management of Virtual Training for MOOC by fuzzy logic. In this sense, It arises the possibility to apply the quality certification of that tool to the Ministry MOOC educational offer in order to alleviate the high dropout rate of users in the MOOC pilot plan for teacher education occurred in 2014, within the lines of action of the project "New Forms of Training" and, thus, be avoided in the offered training activities for this current year 2015. Key-Words: MOOC, Training, Educational Quality, Educational Assessment, Quality Management, MECD, E-Learning.
Influence Factors of College Students' Creativity: The Effect of Self-Esteem and Motivation

This study attempted to examine the influence of self-esteem and learning motivation for college students' creativity. Data was obtained from 530 students in 11 schools of 7 cities in China. From the results: (1) self-esteem (self-competence and self-liking) has a significantly positive influence on creativity; (2) IM (internal motivation) and SEM (synergistic external motivation) have significantly positive influences on creativity; (3) IM mediates the relationship between SEM and creativity, IM mediates the relationship between self-competence and creativity; (4) N-SEM (non-synergistic external motivation) moderated the relationship between self-esteem and creativity. When the level of individual self-esteem is higher, the higher N-SEM has a stronger promoting effect on creativity. Thus, self-esteem and motivation both impact on creativity, and constitute a dynamic cycle system of creativity which improving constantly. Implications of this study are further discussed.
Democracy, Authoritarianism, and Policy Punctuations

Do democracies perform better than more autocratic political systems? Most existing literature focuses on single issues, such as maintaining the peace, avoiding famines, or promoting stable economic growth. The key to policy success for all these and other issues is adaptive policymaking in complex, dynamic environments. Relying on theory and empirical tests from policy process studies, we focus on extreme policy punctuations as indicators of maladaptive policymaking. We conceive of a continuum from the most open democracies to the most closed authoritarian systems, with intermediate forms of less open democracies, hybrid regimes, and less closed authoritarian systems. Based on a review of the existing literature, we extract four factors that seem to affect maladaptive and hence more punctuated policymaking: friction imposed by formal rules and informal norms on the policymaking process, the absence of incentives to address problems, centralization in policymaking, and lack of diversity in channels of information. Many of these factors cluster, so it is difficult to discern their specific effects, but our approach allows a start at doing so.
“ Coming out ” as an Anime Fan : Cosplayers in the Anime Fandom , Fan Disclosure , and Well-Being

In the present study we tested the hypothesis that cosplayers experience greater well-being than non-cosplayers within the anime fandom in part because they are more likely to disclose their fan identity to non-fans. Anime fans indicated whether they engaged in cosplaying or not, and rated the degree to which they disclose their anime fan identity to non-fans, satisfaction with life, self-esteem, and depression. Compared to non-cosplayers, cosplayers reported greater self-disclosure and better well-being across a number of indicators. Mediation analyses revealed that the relationship between cosplaying and well-being was consistently mediated by disclosure, a finding in-line with existing research. These are discussed within the context of existing research, providing both a conceptual replication of past findings from related fandoms (i.e., the furry fandom) while also suggesting a myriad of possible directions for future research on the subject.
Quality of service in interconnection networks

Interconnection networks were traditionally confined to multiprocessors where low latency and high bandwidth were necessary for interprocessor communication. But in the last decade interconnection networks have become crucial in other application areas such as storage area networks and high performance computing clusters. This development has led to an increased interest in supporting quality of service in interconnection networks driven by the wish to converge cluster storage, cluster communication, and cluster management in one single network. In this thesis we propose and study a set of mechanisms to achieve this in existing interconnection technologies. We introduce two new topology agnostic routing algorithms, a service differentiation scheme for the InfiniBand Architecture, and several admission control schemes.
Activation of β 1 adrenoceptors promotes LPS-induced NGF secretion in macrophages via Notch signaling pathways

Background: Macrophages are the main sources of NGF, playing a decisive role in the process of sympathetic nerve remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). Adrenoceptors present on macrophage membranes and catecholamines act on adrenergic receptors to promote the release of inflammatory cytokines. However, whether epinephrine promotes lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated macrophages to secrete NGF remains unclear. Notch signaling plays an important role in LPS-induced macrophage activation. However, the relationship between Notch pathways and the effects of epinephrine on LPS-mediated macrophages has not been studied. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the effects of epinephrine on LPS-induced NGF expression by macrophages, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. Materials and methods: Doseand time-dependent effects of epinephrine on NGF expression in RAW264.7 macrophages were evaluated after LPS activation. Additionally, different adrenergic blockers were administered to explore the receptor subtypes that promote NGF expression. The γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT, which acts by inhibiting the cleavage of transmembrane proteins, including the Notch receptor, was used to investigate whether Notch signaling pathways participate in the effects exerted by epinephrine on LPS-induced macrophage response. Results: Present research reveals that epinephrine (0.01 nmol/mL) preconditioning for 2 hours significantly promoted expression of NGF by LPS-induced macrophages, while both metoprolol, a β1 receptor blocker, and DAPT, a γ-secretase inhibitor, significantly inhibited this process. Conclusion: Results suggest that β1 adrenoceptors enhance the secretion of NGF by LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages and the underlying mechanisms may involve Notch pathways.
Contributions of Appetitive and Aversive Motivational Systems to Decision-Making

Optimal decision-making entails outcome evaluation, comparing received costs and benefits with predicted costs and benefits. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a brain area with major connections to the appetitive and aversive motivation systems, may provide the neural substrate of this evaluation process. One way to measure the relative contribution of these systems on decision-making is to measure individual differences in risk-taking behaviors. For individuals who make risky choices, this evaluation step may be biased: some show a preference for immediate, short-term rewards (increased appetitive system), while devaluing the long-term consequences of their choices (decreased aversive system). However, most studies supporting this theory have utilized monetary loss as the punishment. Other punishments that represent the presence of an aversive outcome, such as delivery of a painful stimulus, may be processed in a separate brain area and thus, may have differing effects on decision-making. The current study aimed to answer two main questions. First, we asked: is the ACC engaged by both appetitive stimuli and aversive stimuli? To answer this question, we recorded the Feedback-Related Negativity (FRN) response, a component thought to represent activity of the ACC, during a passive reward and punishment prediction task. Results indicated that the FRN responded to whether the outcome was A) unexpected and B) delivered or withheld, but not to the valence of the outcome. Second, we asked: do individual differences in these two systems have a differential impact on decision-making? To answer this question, participants completed a gambling task where they had to choose between large and small bets based on a probability of winning while we recorded their FRN response. They also completed self-report questionnaires
EFFECTS OF TILLAGE METHODS , CORN RESIDUE MULCH AND N FERTILIZER LEVELS ON THE WHEAT CROP PRODUCTIVITY UNDER THE RAIN FED CONDITION OF LOESS PLATEAU CHINA

A 2 years study was conducted to assess the effects of different tillage methods (Chisel plough tillage, Zero-tillage, Rotary tillage and Mould board plough tillage), two mulch levels (M0 i.e. No corn residue mulch and M1 i.e. Corn residue mulch) and 5 N fertilizer levels (0, 80, 160, 240 and 320 kg N/ha) on the wheat crop productivity under the rain fed condition of Loess Plateau, China. Factorial experiment with three replications, having strip, split-split arrangement, with tillage methods in the main plots, mulch levels in subplots and N-fertilizer levels in the sub-sub plots was used for this study. Due to variations in rainfalls, during the year, 2010-11, maximum grain yields i.e. 6.58 t/ha and 6.72 t/ha were recorded in case of Zero tillage planting method and similarly in case of 80 kg N/ha, while during the cropping year 2011-12 equal grain yields were recorded in case of all tillage methods, however maximum grain yield (7.46 t /ha) was recorded in case of 320 kg N/ha, N fertilizer level. On two years average basis, maximum grain yields i.e. 6.75 t/ha and 6.80 t/ha were recorded in case of Zero tillage planting method and similarly in case of 80 kg N/ha as compared with the other tillage methods or N fertilizer levels. Use of mulch reduced > 40% weeds infestation. Economic analysis shows that Zero tillage and minimum use of N fertilizer according to the projected rainfalls along with the use of mulch are both economic and environmental friendly.