Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thoracic Epithelioid Malignant Vascular Tumors: A Clinicopathologic Study of 52 Cases With Emphasis on Pathologic Grading and Molecular Studies of WWTR1-CAMTA1 Fusions

Malignant thoracic epithelioid vascular tumors are an uncommon and heterogenous group of tumors that include low-grade to intermediate-grade epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) and high-grade epithelioid angiosarcoma (EAS). We examine the morphologic and immunohistochemical features of 52 malignant epithelioid vascular tumors (10 low-grade EHE, 29 intermediate-grade EHE, and 13 EAS) involving the thorax (lung, pleura, mediastinum, heart, great vessels) including cases with exclusively thoracic disease (35) and with multiorgan disease including the thorax (17). Intermediate-grade EHE differs from low-grade EHE by the presence of necrosis, increased mitotic activity, and increased atypia. Morphologic features such as intranuclear inclusions, intracytoplasmic vacuoles, and stromal changes (chondroid, myxoid, or hyalinized stroma) are seen more frequently in EHE, whereas blood lakes, proliferation of slit-like vessels, and prominent nucleoli favor EAS. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis showed CAMTA1-WWTR1 fusions in 4/7 low-grade and 23/23 intermediate-grade EHE (P<0.001). In EAS, CAMTA1 rearrangement was negative in all cases, whereas a WWTR1 complex abnormality was found in 1/5 cases (P<0.001). This offers an objective means of differentiating intermediate-grade EHE from EAS, especially on limited biopsies. All cases show expression of at least 1 vascular marker, which allows differentiation from primary thoracic epithelial malignancies, although keratin expression is a potential pitfall with 29% of EHE and 25% of EAS showing keratin expression. Survival analysis shows that higher tumor grade for all tumors (P=0.026) as well as lung and pleural tumors only (P=0.010) and the presence of pleural involvement in lung and/or pleural tumors (P=0.042) correlate with poor prognosis.
Inflammatory cytokines kinetics define the severity and phase of nephropathia epidemica.

AIMS Nephropathia epidemica (NE) is a form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome associated with the Puumala virus species of Hantavirus. The pathogenesis of NE is not well understood; therefore, investigating the inflammatory cytokine response to infection may provide useful knowledge in deciphering the pathophysiology of NE. MATERIALS & METHODS Using Luminex and ELISA, we analyzed the serum of 137 NE cases and 44 controls to investigate if serum cytokines associate with different clinical presentations. RESULTS Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β are associated with disease severity while upregulation of IL-6, CXCL10, CCL2 and CCL3 are associated with clinical presentation. CONCLUSION Inflammatory cytokine kinetics associate with the severity and phase of NE. Our data support a role for inflammatory cytokines in the pathophysiology of NE.
Multi-Factor Asset Pricing Model in the South African Stock Market

This study examines the performance of the CAPM, the three-factor model, the four-factor model and their liquidity adjusted variants in explaining realised returns, and also investigates the importance of higher moments in the South African stock market using the Basic Materials Index. The liquidity adjusted four-factor model performs best in explaining realised returns; however book-to-market value factor was found to be insignificant. Beta was consistently significant for all the models along with size, momentum and liquidity, however, unlike popular findings in the developed markets, large stocks were found to outperform small stocks and liquid stocks were found to outperform illiquid stocks. Including a dummy for the financial crisis changed some of the results significantly indicating the importance of model stability and the need to account for structural breaks/time variation. The two higher moment factors were also found to be important in pricing South African stocks. However, when the higher-order moments are included in the liquidity augmented four-factor model, the alpha term becomes significant.
Delirium in the elderly: a clinical review

Delirium is a common condition in the elderly, affecting up to 30% of all older patients admitted to hospital. There is a particularly high risk of delirium in surgical inpatients, especially following operations for hip fracture or vascular surgery, but also for patients in the intensive care unit. Patients with delirium have higher morbidity and mortality rates, higher re-admission rates, and a greater risk of long term institutionalisation care, thereby having a significant impact on both health and social care expenditure. Delirium frequently goes unrecognised by clinicians and is often inadequately managed. Recent evidence suggests that a better understanding and knowledge of delirium among health care professionals can lead to early detection, the reduction of modifiable risk factors, and better management of the condition in the acute phase. Many cases of delirium are potentially preventable, and primary and secondary care services should be taking active steps in order to do prevent this condition.
The Influence Of Different Information Sources On Innovation Performance: Evidence From France, The Netherlands And Croatia

Abstract Information sources are considered a catalyst for innovation improvement, and because of this it is particularly important to learn more regarding their impact on innovation performance. Therefore, the goal of this research is to investigate to what extent the usage of different information sources influences internal and external R&D activities in three countries, Croatia, France and the Netherlands, by employing CIS data, which covers the period from 2006 to 2008. These countries were chosen because of the different levels of their country competitiveness (measured by the Global Competitiveness Index), which permits us to investigate if the usage of information sources has varying impact on their innovation performance. Our results reveal that internal sources, customers, suppliers and universities are important information sources for both internal and external R&D activities in all three countries. However, significant differences are also found. Firms from the Netherlands (which has the highest country competitiveness) use information sources differently, relying on competitors as one of their most important sources of innovation. On the other hand, the government did not have any impact on firms in Croatia (which has the lowest country competitiveness), indicating that this may be the reason for similar countries lagging behind.
Patient Satisfaction with Language‐Concordant Care

Purpose: The Spanish‐speaking Hispanic patient population is more likely to be in poor health than their English‐speaking counterparts. These patients are less satisfied with their care, which may lead to adverse health outcomes. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive study was conducted in San Bernardino, California. Surveys reflecting various aspects of patient satisfaction and language concordance were distributed to 100 Spanish‐speaking Hispanic patients over a 2‐month period. Results: Nearly all patients (97%) indicated increased satisfaction if their providers speak Spanish, and a large majority (83.7%) reported that it mattered that their provider speaks Spanish fluently (83.7%). Those more satisfied with fluency were also less likely to speak English (P = .001), understand English (P < .001), or have a high school diploma (P = .002). Conclusion: Spanish‐speaking patients may be more satisfied if their provider speaks Spanish fluently. This potentially deleterious effect on patient safety needs further evaluation as to whether decreased satisfaction due to language discordance leads to adverse patient events. J Physician Assist Educ 2013;24(3):14‐22
Scientific 'Republicanism': Expert Peer Review and the Quest for Regulatory Deliberation

In recent years, lawmakers have become interested in scientific peer review, hoping that scrutiny by independent experts might improve the quality of agency decisionmaking. Proponents of regulatory reform should not, however, oversell the utility of independent peer review of technical judgments made by agencies. Notwithstanding its centrality as a quality control mechanism for the scientific community, peer review does not provide a bromide for what some observers think ails our government (i.e., overzealous bureaucrats issuing health and safety rules based on a misunderstanding or conscious disregard of the best available data). Involving outside scientists in the process undoubtedly will promote greater care and reflection, and these peer reviewers may help steer agencies clear of embarrassing and costly mistakes, but ultimately the independent experts cannot and should not displace the broader deliberative process about hard policy questions that science cannot answer. The New Deal faith in expertise continues to have strong appeal, especially as contrasted with the pluralist vision of agencies simply brokering compromises between competing interest groups. So long as independent peer review does not become a substitute for public participation or judicial review, it may provide a forum for genuine deliberation that can facilitate subsequent steps in the administrative process and help to better focus other forms of external scrutiny of agency decisionmaking.
In vitro and in vivo antitumor effect of gefitinib nanoparticles on human lung cancer

Abstract Gefitinib (GEF) is the first epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting agent launched as an anticancer drug. It is an accepted opinion that modifying GEF strong hydrophobicity and poor bioavailability would not only enhance its antitumor effects, but also reduce its side effects. In this study, GEF-loadedpoly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethyleneglycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCEC) -bearing nanoparticles (GEF-NPs) were prepared by a solid dispersion method and characterized. The particle sizes increased with the increase in GEF/PCEC mass ratio in feed. GEF-NPs (10%) were mono-dispersed, smaller than 24 nm, zeta potential was approximately −18 mV, percentage encapsulation and loading, were more than 9% and 92%, respectively, and drug was slowly released but without a biphasic pattern. Microscopy studies of the optimized formulation confirmed that the prepared nanoparticles are spherical in nature. Cytotoxicity results indicated that cell growth inhibition induced by free GEF and GEF-NPs were dose and time dependent. Compared with free GEF, GEF-NPs enhanced antitumor effects, reduced side effects and significantly prolonged survival time in vivo. CD31, ki-67 and EGFR expression were significantly lower in the GEF-NPs group compared with other groups (p< .05). These findings demonstrated that GEF-NPs have the potential to attain superior outcomes and to overcome complications such as organs toxicity, therapeutic resistance and disease relapse.
Brazilian medical students’ attitudes towards patient-centered care

Background: The doctor-patient relationship is essencial to medical care (Engel 1980; Balint 1984), however, medical schools focus mainly on biomedical subjects and don’t give the necessary attention to communication skills, humanistic attitudes, and professional values (Haidet et al. 2001, 2002). Methods: Attitudes of medical students towards the doctor-patient relationship have been examined and the Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS) has been used to measure students’ and practitioners’ patient-centered beliefs, first in USA (Haidet et al. 2002), and then in several other countries (Choi & Moon 2005; Tsimtsiou et al. 2005; Shankar et al. 2006). This study aimed to examine the attitudes of Brazilian medical students towards the doctor-patient relationship by using the PPOS. The scale was translated into Portuguese and was administered to approximately 800 students in their first, fifth, seventh, ninth, tenth and twelfth semesters of medical school along with a socio-demographic questionnaire. Results: A total of 738 students (>90%) completed data collection. For the entire cohort, female gender (p < 0.000), later semester in medical school (p < 0.000), primary-care specialty choice (p < 0.02) and lower familial income (p < 0.03) were significantly associated with more patient-centered attitudes. Sharing sub-scores, measuring beliefs about power and information between physician and patient, were significantly more patient-centered for twelfth semester male students than for first semester males (p < 0.000), but not for female students. Caring sub-scores, which measure beliefs about attending to patient's emotions and lifestyle, did not change with the years of school. In general, Caring scores were considerably higher than Sharing scores. Total PPOS scores in Brazil are comparable to those found among medical students in the United States, however they are considerably higher than PPOS total scores in Nepal, Greece, and Korea. Conclusions: Communication skills and patient care needs to be critically examined by Brazilian teachers and students aiming to change attitudes toward the doctor-patient relationship to be more patient-centered attitudes.
Preliminary analysis of Problem Based Learning model implementation in the development of module assisted multimedia interactive game for improving critical thinking skill learners

This preliminary research study aims to perform needs analysis in conducting research on the implementation of problem-based learning (PBL) model in the development of interactive multimedia module with game aid to improve critical thinking skill of students. Preliminary analyzes performed are preliminary analysis and analysis of learners. Initial analysis akhi include performance analysis, job analysis, SKL analysis and analysis of learning difficulties. While the analysis of learners consists of attitude analysis, knowledge analysis and skill analysis. The method used is descriptive method. The subjects of this research were physics teacher and students of class X State Senior High School 14 Padang. The type of data in this study is the primary data obtained through questionnaires that are qualitative. Data analysis technique performed in the form of scoring using Likert scale. The final preliminary analysis results, for the analysis of the results obtained 82% included in either category, job analysis 83% including good category, analysis SKL 70% included in both categories, and on analysis of learning difficulties 65% and included in good category. The result of the analysis of the students obtained attitude analysis 85%, included in good category, knowledge analysis 58% with enough category and skill analysis 55% are in enough category.
Designing the Family Portal for Home Networking

The main purpose of the study is to design an interface for family use, the Family Portal, that would address the specific needs of families in the context of their domestic activities and routines. Data were gathered from a select group of families in two stages. First, we gathered information on families' current use of computers. Second, we presented some basic ideas regarding the Family Portal and its characteristics, and obtained detailed reactions and inputs from families as part of our concept testing. As a result of in-depth interviewing, we were able to identify several family-oriented themes concerning computer use. The extensive nature of computer use attests to its growing domestication and integration into the family life. Bearing this in mind, we asked our respondents to consider the Family Portal as an aid to manage various activities that are performed in the family context. There seems to be support for the idea on the basis of a family calendar, event organizer, and other key features. It is also viewed as both reducing and complementing paper-based activity, although families are not willing to give up paper entirely. This suggests some resistance to a total virtual environment in the home. The Family Portal is also viewed as a useful tool for organizing home finances and maintaining financial records. One area of concern is that the families need to be convinced that the Family Portal is in any way better or superior to some existing devices. This will be one main challenge as the concept is put into practice. 3 Introduction The use of information technology at home is a promising area of inquiry among scholars and practitioners (Kraut et al. products such as home Internet appliances, intelligent refrigerators, and WebTV consoles have been released into the market with much promise but somewhat limited success (Bergmann, 2000; Edwards et al., 2003). Despite slow adoption of these home-oriented technologies, commercial interest in introducing information technologies into the home is quite intense. This study reports preliminary findings on ways that the Internet and computer technology could be integrated into the family life. We used a prototype that we call The Family Portal as a tool to help families explore the usability and applicability of home-based information technology. The prototype helped us materialize the concept and define a focal point on which to base our discussion with families. This exercise resulted in findings that we believe …
Application and Evaluation of Wavelet-based Surface Reconstruction for Contour Propagation in Radiotherapy

A wavelet-based open-source approach for three-dim nsional (3D) surface reconstruction of anatomical structures, not yet us ed for radiotherapy (RT) applications, was presented. This was obtained from manual cross-sectional contours by combining both image voxel segmentation processing and implicit surface streaming methods using wavelets. 3D meshes reconstructed wit h the proposed approach were compared to those obtained from other three traditi onal triangulation algorithms. Evaluation was performed in terms of mesh quality m etrics and accuracy of contour propagation in the pelvic district. Results have sho wn a smoothness and regularity of the reconstructed surface, comparable, or even bett er, than the other methods, and an accuracy of contour propagation in line with the st ate-of-art literature. This demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed approach for t he 3D surface reconstruction in RT.
A model-based cluster analysis of social experiences in clinically anxious youth: links to emotional functioning

Social difficulties are commonly associated with anxiety disorders in youth, yet are not well specified in the literature. The aim of this study was to identify patterns of social experiences in clinically anxious children and examine the associations with indices of emotional functioning. A model-based cluster analysis was conducted on parent-, teacher-, and child-reports of social experiences with 64 children, ages 7–12 years (M = 8.86 years, SD = 1.59 years; 60.3% boys; 85.7% Caucasian) with a primary diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder, social phobia, and/or generalized anxiety disorder. Follow-up analyses examined cluster differences on indices of emotional functioning. Findings yielded three clusters of social experiences that were unrelated to diagnosis: (1) Unaware Children (elevated scores on parent- and teacher-reports of social difficulties but relatively low scores on child-reports, n = 12), (2) Average Functioning (relatively average scores across all informants, n = 44), and (3) Victimized and Lonely (elevated child-reports of overt and relational victimization and loneliness and relatively low scores on parent- and teacher-reports of social difficulties, n = 8). Youth in the Unaware Children cluster were rated as more emotionally dysregulated by teachers and had a greater number of diagnoses than youth in the Average Functioning group. In contrast, the Victimized and Lonely group self-reported greater frequency of negative affect and reluctance to share emotional experiences than the Average Functioning cluster. Overall, this study demonstrates that social maladjustment in clinically anxious children can manifest in a variety of ways and assessment should include multiple informants and methods.
Aspergillus in chronic lung disease: Modeling what goes on in the airways

Aspergillus species cause a range of respiratory diseases in humans. While immunocompromised patients are at risk for the development of invasive infection with these opportunistic molds, patients with underlying pulmonary disease can develop chronic airway infection with Aspergillus species. These conditions span a range of inflammatory and allergic diseases including Aspergillus bronchitis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and severe asthma with fungal sensitization. Animal models are invaluable tools for the study of the molecular mechanism underlying the colonization of airways by Aspergillus and the host response to these non-invasive infections. In this review we summarize the state-of-the-art with respect to the available animal models of noninvasive and allergic Aspergillus airway disease; the key findings of host-pathogen interaction studies using these models; and the limitations and future directions that should guide the development and use of models for the study of these important pulmonary conditions.
Novel approach for classifying chemicals according to skin sensitizing potency by non‐radioisotopic modification of the local lymph node assay

The murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) is currently recognized as a stand‐alone sensitization test for determining the sensitizing potential of chemicals, and it has the advantage of yielding a quantitative endpoint that can be used to predict the sensitization potency of chemicals. The ec3 has been proposed as a parameter for classifying chemicals according to the sensitization potency. We previously developed a non‐radioisotopic endpoint for the LLNA based on 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation (non‐RI LLNA), and we are proposing a new procedure to predict the sensitization potency of chemicals based on comparisons with known human contact allergens. Nine chemicals (i.e. diphencyclopropenone, p‐phenylenediamine, glutaraldehyde, cinnamicaldehyde, citral, eugenol, isopropyl myristate, propyleneglycol and hexane) categorized as human contact allergen classes 1–5 were tested by the non‐RI LLNA with the following reference allergens: 2,4‐dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) as a class 1 human contact allergen, isoeugenol as a class 2 human contact allergen and α‐hexylcinnamic aldehyde (HCA) as a class 3 human contact allergen. Consequently, nine test chemicals were almost assigned to their correct allergen class. The results suggested that the new procedure for non‐RI LLNA can provide correct sensitization potency data. Sensitization potency data are useful for evaluating the sensitization risk to humans of exposure to new chemical products. Accordingly, this approach would be an effective modification of LLNA with regard to its experimental design. Moreover, this procedure can be applied also to the standard LLNA with radioisotopes and to other modifications of the LLNA. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Single Event Effects in Power MOSFETs and SRAMs Due to 3 MeV, 14 MeV and Fission Neutrons

Various SRAM and MOSFET devices were exposed to 3 MeV and 14 MeV neutrons at a fusion facility and to a fission neutron spectrum with a californium-252 source. Single event burnout (SEB) was observed in several of the MOSFETs in all three environments-the first time this phenomenon has been observed at neutron energies below 10 MeV. In addition to observing single event upsets (SEU) and single event latchup (SEL) in the SRAMs, two devices experienced significant multiple cell upset (MCU) effects which dominated the upset rate. The physical mechanisms underlying these phenomena and the consequences for various radiation environments are discussed.