Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of physical activity on the prevalence of hypertension among the older adults in Beijing communities

This study aims to evaluate the impact of physical activity (PA) on the prevalence of hypertension among older adults in Beijing community. As economy growing rapidly in China, the occurrence of hypertension increases among older people in China as well. Epidemiological studies have shown that physical activity may significantly related to lower risk of hypertension. Taking PA maybe an instructive factor to reduce the risk of being hypertensive. We randomly selected Beijing community residents aged 65 and above (n=400), collected data comprising level of PA (low, moderate, high), blood pressure, and a host of potentially confounding variables indicated by the literature. Five logistic regression models adjusted for different modifiers were used to estimate the association between hypertension and PA. The prevalence of hypertension was 96.88%, 78.57% and 73.66% among subjects with low, moderate and high level of PA respectively. Lower diastolic BP was observed for elder people with higher level of PA (p<0.01). We observed a strong and statistically significant association between moderate (OR=0.09, 95%CI: 0.01 to 0.74) or high (OR=0.08, 95%CI: 0.01 to 0.57) level of PA and lower risk of hypertension (p < 0.05). PA is a protective factor for hypertension among older Beijing people, which suggests elderly people be encouraged to actively engage in PA, if body conditions permit.
Giving A Hand To Pilots With Animated Alarms Based On Mirror System Functioning

Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) accidents are among the most frequent and deadly accidents in aviation (IATA, 2016). Pilots have sometimes only a few seconds to react to the ‘Pull-Up’ alarm that indicates an imminent collision with the ground. The auditory modality of the alarm can generate stress, which can disrupt cognitive processes (Porcelli et al., 2008) and negatively impact the ability to take timely and appropriate actions (Scholz et al., 2009). While in general humans are less sensitive to auditory stimuli than to visual stimuli (Mrugalska et al. 2016), the auditory component of the ‘Pull-Up’ alarm is loud and prominent whereas its visual component is more discreet (i.e., small text). Consequently, a first step to enhance the efficiency of this alarm would be to increase the conspicuity of its visual component by enlarging the ‘Pull-Up’ text size and to increase its salience by displacing it from the artificial horizon to the bottom of the Primary Flight Display (PFD). However, enlarging the inscription may not be sufficient to cope with the loss of cognitive performance due to stress (BEA, 2009). Previous researched found that watching an action activates premotor cortex and pre-initiates the gesture imitation through the mirror neuron system (Ocampo & Kritikos, 2011). Therefore, presenting a video of the gesture to perform (i.e., a hand pulling the sidestick), in case of imminent impact with the ground, should pre-activate the motor reaction to the alarm and then improve the pilots’ performance in terms of reaction time. The present experiment aimed at assessing whether these ‘Pull-Up’ video better performance than more conventional ‘Pull-Up’ alarms. Both behavioral and electroencephalographic (EEG) results were used to assess the best alarm design.
Fluorometric Detection of Photosystem II Herbicide Penetration and Detoxification in Whole Leaves

The applicability of fluorescence measurements for the detection of herbicide effects in whole leaves was analyzed. Based on the results known for isolated chloroplasts, normalized variable fluorescence of the initial rise was shown to be an appropriate tool for monitoring effects of photosystem II (PS II) herbicides. Equipment is described for monitoring the degree of inhibition by fluorescence induction measurements and microcomputer data analysis. The method is used to study the effect of pyrazon [5-amino-4-chloro-2-phenyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone], BAY DRW 1139 [4-amino-3-methyl-6-phenyl-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one], and phenmedipham {3-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino] phenyl (3-methyl-phenyl)carbamate} after foliar application to different species. A rapid decrease of normalized variable fluorescence indicates penetration into leaf cells of all species tested. During a 5- to 7-day experiment, the apparent variable fluorescence decreased continuously in herbicide-susceptible plants, while it recovered in resistant plants due to an internal detoxification mechanism. The described method provides a rapid, simple, and nondestructive tool for analyzing the kinetics of penetration and detoxification of PS II herbicides in whole leaves.
Examining motivation in online distance learning environments: Complex, multifaceted and situation-dependent

Existing research into motivation in online environments has tended to use one of two approaches. The first adopts a trait-like model that views motivation as a relatively stable, personal characteristic of the learner. Research from this perspective has contributed to the notion that online learners are, on the whole, intrinsically motivated. The alternative view concentrates on the design of online learning environments to encourage optimal learner motivation. Neither approach acknowledges a contemporary view of motivation that emphasises the situated, mutually constitutive relationship of the learner and the learning environment. Using self-determination theory (SDT) as a framework, this paper explores the motivation to learn of preservice teachers in two online distance-learning contexts. In this study, learners were found to be not primarily intrinsically motivated. Instead, student motivation was found to be complex, multifaceted, and sensitive to situational conditions.
Addiction to Social Media And Usage Of The Social Media For Educational Purposes: The Facebook Example

Bu arastirmanin amaci universite ogrencilerinin sosyal ag bagimlilik duzeyleri ve egitsel amacli sosyal ag kullanim duzeyleri arasindaki iliskiyi belirlemektir. Ayrica ogrencilerin cinsiyet, bolum, akilli telefona sahip olma durumu ve kisisel bilgisayara sahip olma durumlari gibi degiskenler acisindan Facebook bagimlilik duzeylerinde ve egitim amacli Facebook kullanim duzeylerinde anlamli iliski olup olmadigi incelenmistir. Arastirmada betimsel tarama modeli kullanilmistir. Arastirmanin orneklemini Afyon Kocatepe Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakultesi, Egitim Fakultesi, Muhendislik Fakultesi ve Meslek Yuksek Okulu (MYO)’nda ogrenim gormekte olan 272 ogrenci olusturmaktadir. Veri toplama araci olarak, Kisisel Bilgi Formu, Facebook Egitsel Kullanim Olcegi ve Facebook Bagimliligi Olcegi kullanilmistir. Verilerin analizinde, Mann Whitney U testi, Kruscall Wallis testi ve Spearman Brown Sira Farkliliklari Katsayisi testlerinden yararlanilmistir. Arastirma bulgularina gore; ogrencilerin Facebook bagimliligi ve egitsel amacli Facebook kullanimlarina iliskin goruslerinin pozitif yonde oldugu ortaya cikmistir. Ogrencilerin Facebook’u egitsel amacla kullanma duzeyleri ile cinsiyet ve fakulte degiskeni arasinda anlamli iliski oldugu ancak, akilli telefona sahip olma ve kisisel bilgisayar sahibi olma durumu ile anlamli bir farklilik olmadigi belirlenmistir. Facebook bagimlilik duzeylerinin cinsiyet ve akilli telefona sahip olma degiskenine gore anlamli duzeyde farklilasmadigi, kisisel bilgisayara sahip olma ve fakulte degiskenlerine gore anlamli farklilik gosterdigi ortaya koyulmustur.
Danish Pre-service Teachers’ Mathematical and Didactical Knowledge of Operations with Rational Numbers

The aim of this study is to investigate Danish pre-service teachers’ (PSTs) mathematical and didactical knowledge of operations with rational numbers. This knowledge is studied through their collaborative activities to certain tasks related to the teaching of operations with rational numbers. An explicit model of the teachers’ mathematical and didactical knowledge is designed based on the anthropological theory of the didactic (ATD) and used to analyse five-groups of PSTs’ collaborative work. The findings show that the Danish PSTs prefer to use contextual or real-life situations in their teaching, but they encounter various challenges to realise general ideas in the context at hand.
Food insecurity among university students at two selected public universities in Malaysia

Most of food insecurity studies focus on the general households’ level and less have been done for the university students. Therefore, this cross-sectional study focused on determining food insecurity, assessing factors contributing to the food insecurity and the association between socioeconomic status and food security status among students in two public universities in Terengganu. About 96 undergraduate students from two selected public universities in Terengganu participated and filled out a self-administered questionnaire consisting of three primary sections; Demographic profile, Food Security Index and Causes of Food Insecure and these were later analysed by SPSS. Results showed that 22% of respondents were classified as food insecure, with 14% of them were categorized in the low food security group and 8% were categorized as very low food security. High cost of living is among the main factors contributing to food insecurity among the university students in Terengganu. However, no significant association was found between socio-economic status and food insecurity status at p<0.05. This may indicate that there are other factors besides socioeconomic status, which may influence food insecurity of the students in this study. In the future, similar studies should be extended to focus on assessing students’ food insecurity and food coping strategies.
Labour Market Shocks and the Demand for Trade Protection: Evidence from Online Surveys

We study preferences for government action in response to layoffs resulting from different types of labour-market shocks. We consider: technological change, a demand shift, bad management and three kinds of international outsourcing. Support for government intervention rises sharply in response to shocks and is heavily biased towards trade protection. Trade shocks generate more demand for protectionism and, among trade shocks, outsourcing to a developing country elicits greater demand for protectionism. The ‘bad management’ shock is the only scenario that induces a desired increase in compensatory transfers. Trump supporters are more protectionist than Clinton supporters, but preferences seem easy to manipulate: Clinton supporters primed with trade shocks are as protectionist as baseline Trump voters. Highlighting labour abuses in the exporting country increases the demand for trade protection by Clinton supporters but not Trump supporters.
Fabrication of highly ordered vertical GaAs nanowires by inductively coupled plasma etching and their modal analysis

Highly ordered vertical gallium arsenide (GaAs) nanowires are fabricated by dry etching using various metal mask combinations. A great control on length, diameter, pitch and facet tapering of the nanowires is achieved. Diameters ranging from 30 nm to 250 nm with pitch ranging from 200 nm to 1100 nm and length up to 2 μm are fabricated using this process. The highest diameter to pitch ratio is ∼68%. The reflection measurements are performed on the samples and the diameter dependent strong absorption peaks due to optical modal excitations are observed from the refection measurements. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) analysis is used to validate the measurements and the absorption characteristics are understood. The modal analysis is also performed from the same simulations. The hybrid cylindrical waveguide modes as the function of nanowires diameter are identified to be linear. Also the near field coupling between the nanowires is absent even at the small pitches.
A.3. Distribution Dynamics 299 Appendix B. Data 301 References 303

Contents Abstract Keywords 1. Introduction 2. Preliminaries and stylized facts 3. Theoretical models 4. F r o m theory to empirical analysis 4.1. The neoclassical model: one capital good, exogenous technical progress 4.2. The neoclassical model: multiple capital goods 4.3. Endogenous growth: asymptotically linear technology 4.4. Nonconvexities and poverty traps 4.5. Endogenous growth: R&D and endogenous technical progress 4.6. Growth with crosscountry interactions 5. Empirical techniques 5.1. Cross-section regression:/~-convergence 5.2. Augmented cross-section regression 5.3. Panel-data analysis 5.4. Time series: unit roots and cointegration 5.5. Clustering and classification 5.6. Distribution dynamics 6. Conclusion Appendix A. Proofs and additional discussions A. 1. Single capital good, exogenous technical progress A.2. Endogenous growth: asymptotically linear technology Temple provided valuable comments. Kim-Sau Chung provided outstanding research assistance. The word "empiric" has, in Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, two definitions: first, "that depending upon the observation of phenomena"; second, "an ignorant and unlicensed pretender; a quack; a charlatan". We have chosen, nevertheless, to use the word in the title as we think it conveys the appropriate meaning. Abstract We provide an overview of recent empirical research on patterns of crosscountry growth. The new empirical regularities considered differ from earlier ones, e.g., the well-known Kaldor stylized facts. The new research no longer makes production function accounting a central part of the analysis. Instead, attention shifts more directly to questions like, Why do some countries grow faster than others? It is this changed focus that, in our view, has motivated going beyond the neoclassical growth model.
Reassessment of Unaysaurus tolentinoi (Dinosauria: Sauropodomorpha) from the Late Triassic (early Norian) of Brazil, with a consideration of the evidence for monophyly within non-sauropodan sauropodomorphs

We present a systematic revision of the ‘prosauropod’ dinosaur Unaysaurus tolentinoi. Past phylogenetic treatments of this taxon have presented it as a key constituent of the low-diversity Plateosauridae. This clade, along with Massospondylidae, is currently regarded as a relatively non-controversial example of monophyly within non-sauropodan sauropodomorphs – an otherwise pectinate grade of animals from which the apically nested Sauropoda is derived. The inclusion of Unaysaurus within Plateosauridae is primarily dependent on similarities shared with the Northern Hemisphere taxon Plateosaurus, with a sister-taxon relationship between these taxa indicating the earliest known instance of Pangaean cosmopolitanism among early sauropodomorphs. However, an in-depth exploration of the character states that in the past have produced this relationship shows that many either present a complex distribution throughout early Sauropodomorpha, or are subject to ambiguities in the formulation and scoring of primary homologies. An updated cladistic analysis finds weak continued support for a sister-taxon relationship between Unaysaurus and Plateosaurus; however, this result is supported by synapomorphies that are either labile with respect to taxon inclusion, not exclusively restricted to the clade, or represented by character-state dichotomies of relatively subtle differentiation. These uncertainties aside, the validity of Unaysaurus tolentinoi remains supported by several unambiguous autapomorphies. Although strong anatomical evidence for monophyletic divergences amongst early sauropodomorphs remains elusive, the relatively low stratigraphical occurrence of Unaysaurus demonstrates that the typical ‘prosauropod’ bauplan – and hence habitual herbivory – had evolved by the early Norian.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Clinical Samples in Nasarawa Town, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Multidrug resistant strain of S. aureus is the most common cause of life-threatening hospital- and community-acquired infections. Multidrug resistant S. aureus infections contribute to patients’ prolonged stay in the hospital, increase in total healthcare costs, morbidity, and mortality. This work was aimed at determining the occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from some clinical samples (blood and urine) in General Hospital, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. All the 14 samples (7 each for blood and urine) collected in this study yielded positive for S. aureus, which were identified by cultural appearances and confirmed using conventional biochemical tests.The antibiotic susceptibility profile of the isolates indicated that, majority of them exhibited high susceptibility to gentamycin (85.7%), ciprofloxacin (78.6%), vancomycin (71.4%), chloramphenicol (64.3%), teicoplanin (50.0%), and erythromycin (42.9%). All the 14 (100%) isolates tested showed resistance to oxacillin, amoxicillin (85.7%), and cefoxitin (78.6%).
Structural Integrity of an Aged Oil Tanker Converted Into the Port Oil Storage

A procedure for strength assessment of a ship structure partially grounded in mud is developed. The paper deals with a practical engineering problem of evaluating the structural integrity of a single bottom tanker which, after its regular service, was grounded in mud and continued to be used as oil storage in order to increase the storage capacity of the port. A mathematical model of the ship static equilibrium is formulated, consistently taking into account the ship, the cargo and ballast weights, the supporting mud reaction, and the surrounding water buoyancy. For simplicity, the global strength assessment is done using the beam model, where the calculation of ship sectional properties is performed by the specialized in-house software. Subsequently, the developed model is used as a basis for a detailed 3D FEM analysis. The thickness measurements of the complete ship structure were performed in order to directly account for the corrosion effect.
Tree Species Distribution and Diversity in Kibonge Forest Reserve, Kenya

Many forests are under great anthropogenic force and require management interventions to protect and maintain the overall biodiversity and productivity. Understanding species diversity and distribution patterns is important for assisting managers evaluate the complexity and resources of these forests. Tree species distribution and diversity were assessed in Kibonge Forest Reserve. Data were collected between, July 2013 and July 2014 using quantitative vegetation analysis method on trees samples of DBH limit of ≥15 cm. Tree parameters; species, trees size (diameter at breast height (DBH)), total height and amount of canopy cover were determined within eighty seven (87) systematically located vegetation plots of size 20 by 10m along three transect lines. A total of 1124 trees were measured and 29 tree species were identified in the study area. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive, Chi square tests and Cross tabulation analysis. Tree species were identified in the field while those which could not be identified had their essential parts pressed and taken to a university herbarium for identification . Chi square tests were carried out to establish variations between species and altitude. The dominant tree species in the forest were C. lustanica (39%), Dombeya goetenzii (24%), Prunus africana (11.3%), Croton macrostachyus (9.2%) and M. kilimandascharica (6.8%). The basal area estimated is 23.85m2 while the population density was 2trees/Ha. Results showed that more tree species were concentrated on altitude 2400m (χ2=610.95, df =78, p<0.001). Having known that the population of trees is low, there was need to establish an intense programme of re afforestation and to protect further reduction the existing forest by creating buffer zones on boundaries between human habitation and the forest.
Intestinal parasites amongst primary school children attending Ta’al Model Primary School in Lafia Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Intestinal parasites are a major health challenge in the tropical and sub-tropical regions. The high prevalence of intestinal parasites has been attributed to poverty leading to poor hygiene, inadequate health services and contaminated food and water. A survey of intestinal parasitic infectation was conducted among 200 primary school children of Ta’al Modern Primary School, Bukan-Sidi in Lafia Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Stool specimens were collected and examined using direct smear method and formol-ether concentration technique. The prevalence of intestinal parasite recorded was 95(47.5%) in the study-area. A total of six intestinal parasites species were identified: Entomoeba histolytica 15(15.8%), Giardia lamblia 14(14.7%) Ascairis lumbicoides 23(24.2%), Hookworm 28(29.5%), Trichuris trichiura 8 (8.4%) and Fasciola hepatica 7(7.4%). Amongst the six intestinal parasites, Hookworm recorded the highest prevalence 28(29.5%). Generally females 54(56.8%) were found to be more infected than males 41(43.1%). It was observed that prevalence of infection decreased with increase in age group of the pupils. The age-group 7-9 years recorded the highest 27(28.4%) prevalence and least 22(23.2%) in age group 13-15. The highest prevalence 23(24.2%) was found amongst primary one pupils and the least 8(8.4%) was in primary six. Statistical analysis using chi -square (x 2 ) showed no significant difference ( p >0.05) in the prevalence of infection between sex, age-group and class of pupils. Intestinal parasitic infection can be reduced through public health awareness campaign to improved personal hygiene and environmental sanitation including good water supply. Keywords: Intestinal parasite; infection; primary school children; Nasarawa State
Roles and research trends of flipped classrooms in nursing education: a review of academic publications from 2010 to 2017

ABSTRACT This study reviewed the published papers on the flipped classroom in nursing education from 2010 to 2017, and tabulated the collected data from various aspects: “before-class stage/ in-class stage/ after-class stage learning strategies,” “application domains,” “research issues,” “participants,” “research methods,” and “nationalities” based on a theoretical framework. It was found that basic level of flipped classroom mode was frequently used in nurse education; that is, guiding students to watch instructional videos before class, and conducted discussion or practicing in the class. On the other hand, several effective strategies, such as Mindtools and game-based learning, were seldom adopted; in addition, several important educational issues, such as learning behavior, were not investigated in flipped nursing education research. It was also found that most of the studies did not design after-class activities to engage students in organizing and applying what they had learned from multiple units in a project-based task. Accordingly, several suggestions for future studies are proposed.