Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations Underlie Oligodendroglia Susceptibility and White Matter Etiology in Psychiatric Disorders

Numerous genetic risk loci are found to associate with major neuropsychiatric disorders represented by schizophrenia. The pathogenic roles of genetic risk loci in psychiatric diseases are further complicated by the association with cell lineage- and/or developmental stage-specific epigenetic alterations. Besides aberrant assembly and malfunction of neuronal circuitry, an increasing volume of discoveries clearly demonstrate impairment of oligodendroglia and disruption of white matter integrity in psychiatric diseases. Nonetheless, whether and how genetic risk factors and epigenetic dysregulations for neuronal susceptibility may affect oligodendroglia is largely unknown. In this mini-review, we will discuss emerging evidence regarding the functional interplay between genetic risk loci and epigenetic factors, which may underlie compromised oligodendroglia and myelin development in neuropsychiatric disorders. Transcriptional and epigenetic factors are the major aspects affected in oligodendroglia. Moreover, multiple disease susceptibility genes are connected by epigenetically modulated transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Oligodendroglia specific complex molecular orchestra may explain how distinct risk factors lead to the common clinical expression of white matter pathology of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Acceptability, continuation and satisfaction of postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) and delayed insertion: a comparative study

The acceptance rate is highest during this period. The insertion of PPIUCD is easy than delayed one. Side effects of IUCD like pain and irregular bleeding get merges with the after pains and lochia of puerperium respectively which further increases the compliance. CopperT380A is a safe, highly effective method of contraception and has become the method of choice of many women for attaining their reproductive goals.
The Academic, Social, and Professional Integration Profiles of Information Technology Students

Low retention rates in higher education Information Technology (IT) studies have led to an unmet demand for IT specialists. Therefore, universities need to apply interventions to increase retention rates and provide the labor market with more IT graduates. However, students with different characteristics may need different types of interventions. The current study applies a person-oriented approach and identifies the profiles of first-year IT students in order to design group-specific support. Tinto's [13, 14] integration model was used as a framework to analyze questionnaire data from 509 first-year IT students in Estonia. The students’ response profiles were distinguished through latent profile analysis, and the students were divided into four profiles based on their responses to questions about academic integration, professional integration, and graduation-related self-efficacy. The difference in academic integration was smaller among the profiles than the difference in professional integration. Knowing these profiles helps universities to design interventions for each student group and apply the interventions to increase the number of IT graduates.
A Novel 12q13.2-q13.3 Microdeletion Syndrome With Combined Features of Diamond Blackfan Anemia, Pierre Robin Sequence and Klippel Feil Deformity

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare congenital erythroid aplasia with a highly heterogeneous genetic background; it usually occurs in infancy. Approximately 30–40% of patients have other associated congenital anomalies; in particular, facial anomalies, such as cleft palate, are part of about 10% of the DBA clinical presentations. Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is a heterogeneous condition, defined by the presence of the triad of glossoptosis, micrognathia and cleft palate; it occurs in 1/8500 to 1/14,000 births. Klippel Feil (KF) syndrome is a complex of both osseous and visceral anomalies, characterized mainly by congenital development defects of the cervical spine. We describe the case of a 22-years-old woman affected by DBA, carrying a de novo deletion about 500 Kb-long at 12q13.2-q13.3 that included RPS26 and, at least, others 25 flanking genes. The patient showed craniofacial anomalies due to PRS and suffered for KF deformities (type II). Computed Tomography study of cranio-cervical junction (CCJ) drew out severe bone malformations and congenital anomalies as atlanto-occipital assimilation (AOA), arcuate foramen and occipito-condylar hyperplasia. Foramen magnum was severely reduced. Atlanto-axial instability (AAI) was linked to atlanto-occipital assimilation, congenital vertebral fusion and occipito-condyle bone hyperplasia. Basilar invagination and platybasia were ruled out on CT and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies. Furthermore, the temporal Bone CT study showed anomalies of external auditory canals, absent mastoid pneumatization, chronic middle ear otitis and abnormal course of the facial nerve bones canal. The described phenotype might be related to the peculiar deletion affecting the patient, highlighting that genes involved in the in the breakdown of extracellular matrix (MMP19), in cell cycle regulation (CDK2), vesicular trafficking (RAB5B), in ribonucleoprotein complexes formation (ZC3H10) and muscles function (MYL6 and MYL6B) could be potentially related to bone-developmental disorders. Moreover, it points out that multiple associated ribosomal deficits might play a role in DBA-related phenotypes, considering the simultaneous deletion of three of them in the index case (RPS26, PA2G4 and RPL41), and it confirms the association among SLC39A5 functional disruption and severe myopia. This report highlights the need for a careful genetic evaluation and a detailed phenotype-genotype correlation in each complex malformative syndrome.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Induced Downstream Responses to Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and 3-Iodothyronamine (3-T1AM) in Human Corneal Keratocytes

This study was undertaken to determine if crosstalk among the transient receptor potential (TRP) melastatin 8 (TRPM8), TRP vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor triad modulates VEGF-induced Ca2+ signaling in human corneal keratocytes. Using RT-PCR, qPCR and immunohistochemistry, we determined TRPV1 and TRPM8 gene and protein coexpression in a human corneal keratocyte cell line (HCK) and human corneal cross sections. Fluorescence Ca2+ imaging using both a photomultiplier and a single cell digital imaging system as well as planar patch-clamping measured relative intracellular Ca2+ levels and underlying whole-cell currents. The TRPV1 agonist capsaicin increased both intracellular Ca2+ levels and whole-cell currents, while the antagonist capsazepine (CPZ) inhibited them. VEGF-induced Ca2+ transients and rises in whole-cell currents were suppressed by CPZ, whereas a selective TRPM8 antagonist, AMTB, increased VEGF signaling. In contrast, an endogenous thyroid hormone-derived metabolite 3-Iodothyronamine (3-T1AM) suppressed increases in the VEGF-induced current. The TRPM8 agonist menthol increased the currents, while AMTB suppressed this response. The VEGF-induced increases in Ca2+ influx and their underlying ionic currents stem from crosstalk between VEGFR and TRPV1, which can be impeded by 3-T1AM-induced TRPM8 activation. Such suppression in turn blocks VEGF-induced TRPV1 activation. Therefore, crosstalk between TRPM8 and TRPV1 inhibits VEGFR-induced activation of TRPV1.
Associations between adult food insecurity and various nutritional outcomes

This study determined the associations between adult food insecurity (FI) and percent body fat (%BF), body mass index (BMI) and height, and between FI and %BF, BMI stratified by height. Percent body fat from bioelectrical impedance analysis data for 2,117 men and 1,909 women in the NHANES 1999-2002 were determined. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression procedures were used to examine associations. Age, education, income, race/ethnicity and smoking were included as covariates. Results showed that, compared with their fully food secure counterparts, %BF, height and BMI decreased as FI increased among men. Marginal food security among women who were below median height associated with about 2.0 kg/m 2 increase in BMI, P = 0.042. Marginal food security among women associated with approximately 1.3 cm decrease in height, P = 0.016. However, %BF did not associate with food insecurity among women. In conclusion, food insecurity associates with decreases in %BF, BMI and height among men. Height should be considered in the study of the associations between food insecurity and overweight and obesity in women. The results highlight the need to reinvigorate efforts aimed at alleviating the effects of prolonged as well as brief episodes of food insecurity. 41
Microvascular and Macrovascular Complications in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic disorder of childhood and represents a major public health problem. Type 1 diabetes is the predominant form of diabetes during childhood and adolescence, accounting for about 90% of cases, although the growing epidemic of obesity has been associated with an increasing number of cases of childhood-onset type 2 diabetes (Craig et al., 2009; Patterson et al., 2009). The global incidence of type 1 diabetes is increasing worldwide, at an annual rate of 3-5%, particularly in children under the age of 5 years, and this trend leads to a significant health burden (Patterson et al., 2009). Recent studies have shown that in European countries childhood-onset type 1 diabetes is associated with three to four fold increased mortality when compared with the general population (Asao et al., 2003; Skrivarhaug et al., 2006). Similar data emerged from a long-term study of a young cohort with type 1 diabetes in the USA, where mortality was 7 times higher than in the non-diabetic population (Secrest et al., 2010a). The high mortality reported for individuals with type 1 diabetes is mainly due to diabetes-related acute and chronic complications. As recently emerged from a large population-based cohort with long-standing childhood-onset type 1 diabetes, during the first decade of diabetes acute complications, such as diabetic ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia, are the main causes of death, being responsible for about 73% of cases, whereas during subsequent decades cardiovascular (CVD) and renal diseases become the main determinants of mortality (Secrest et al., 2010b). Diabetes vascular complications are divided in microand macrovascular disease. Microvascular complications include nephropathy (DN), retinopathy (DR) and neuropathy, whereas macrovascualar complications refer to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disease (Marshall and Flyvbjerg, 2006). As a result of vascular complications, diabetes is the leading cause of blindness in working age people, is responsible for up to 40% cases of renal failure and is a major determinant of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (Marshall and Flyvbjerg, 2006).
Students' perceptions of the use of peer-to-peer ESL text chat: An introductory study

Thousands of international ESL students come to the United States every year to learn English for the purpose of matriculating into an American university. Teaching these diverse students can be a challenge for educators and despite the students’ significant investment of time and money, many of them are inadequately prepared for the demands of university work. Text chat has been studied by some scholars as a means of assisting ESL students to write more effectively. However, greater understanding is needed of the affective experiences and perceptions of students toward peer-to-peer ESL text chat. That is the thrust of this study, which utilized Livemocha, a free international text chat program. Several striking findings were made, two of which were that all students reported enjoyment of the text chat experience and all students reported increased confidence to write in English as a result of their participation in the research. This study draws heavily on the sociocultural theory of Lev Vygotsky, especially his theories of the zone of proximal development and perezhivanie. His work illuminates the
Evolution, Games, and Economic Behaviour

This textbook for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of Evolutionary Game Theory covers recent developments in the field, with an emphasis on economic contexts and applications. It begind with the basic ideas as they originated within the field of theoretical biology and then proceeds to the formulation of a theoretical framework that is suitable for the study of social and economic phenomena from an evolutionary perspective. Core topics include the Evolutionary Stable Strategy (EES) and Replicator Dynamics (RD), deterministic dynamic models, and stochastic perturbations. A set of short appendices presents some of the technical material referred to in the main text. Evolutionary theory is widely viewed as one of the most promising appraoches to understanding bounded rationality, learning, and change in complex social environments. New avenues of research are suggested by Vega-Redondo, and plentiful examples illustrate the theory's potential applications. The recent boom experienced by this discipline makes the book's systematic presentation of its essential contributions vital reading for any newcomer to the field.
Investigation of stress and burnout in Irish second-level teachers: A mixed-methods approach.

iii 1. Stress, Burnout and Teaching 1 1.1 Literature Review Strategy 6 2. Burnout 7 2.1 Emergence of Burnout 8 2.2 Definition and Measurement of Burnout 10 2.3 Models of Burnout Development 16 2.4 Burnout Interventions 22 2.5 Summary of Burnout Literature 26 3. Individual Differences 29 3.1 Personality and Burnout 30 3.2 Core Self-Evaluations 34 3.3 Self-Efficacy 40 3.4 Summary of Individual Differences Literature 46 4. Work Environment 49 4.1 School and Classroom Environments 50 4.2 Summary of Work Environment Literature 61 5. Coping 63 5.1 Coping Strategies 64 5.2 Teacher Coping Resources and Strategies 72 5.3 Summary of Coping Literature 75 6. Demographic Factors 77 6.1 Age and Burnout 77 6.2 Gender and Burnout 79 6.3 Summary of Demographic Factors 81 7. Burnout and Health 83 7.1 Job Stressors and Physical Symptoms 84 7.2 Personality and Health 86 7.3 Burnout and Health in Teachers 87 7.4 Summary of Burnout and Health Literature 89 8. Summary of Literature and Hypotheses 90 8.1 Individual Differences 90 8.2 Work Environment 91 8.3 Coping 92 8.4 Demographic Factors 93 9. Focus Group Methodology 94 9.1 Focus Groups 94 10. Design 97 10.1 Participants 97 10.2 Ethics 98 10.3 Interview Schedule 99 10.4 Procedure 99 10.5 Approach to Analysis 100 11. Focus Group Results 103 11.1 Summary and Implications of Findings 157 12. Survey Study Methodology 161 12.1 Cross-Sectional Survey 161 12.2 Sampling 164 13. Method 165 13.1 Sample 165 13.2 Variables and Scales 167 13.3 Procedure 176 13.4 Statistical Analysis 177 14. Ethics 181 14.1 Consent 181 14.2 Deception 182 14.3 Debriefing 182 14.4 Withdrawal 182 14.5 Confidentiality 183 14.6 Protection of Participants 183 15. Survey Results 184 15.1 Descriptive Results 184 15.2 Bivariate Analysis 192 15.3 Multivariate Analysis 209 15.4 Results of Multivariate Analysis by DV 210 16. Discussion 225 16.1 Discussion of Qualitative Study 225 16.2 Discussion of Survey Results by DV 232 16.3 Conclusions and Implications 270 16.4 Limitations 278 16.5 Potential Future Research 281 16.6 Summary 284
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinde toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine yönelik tutumlar

Amac: Bu calismada Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi 1. ve 6. sinifinda okuyan ogrencilerde toplumsal cinsiyet algisina yonelik tutumlarin saptanmasi ve gerek 1, gerekse 6. sinif ogrencilerinde toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine yonelik tutumu yordayan degiskenleri arastirilmasi amaclanmistir. Gerec ve yontem: Bu arastirmada Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Olcegi kullanilmistir. Gerek olcek gerekse diger verilerin toplandigi form ogrencilere sinif ya da diger ders calisma ortamlarinda verilmistir. Bulgular: Calismaya toplam 99 kisi katilmistir. Bu kisilerin 50’si (%50,5) 1. sinif ogrencisi ve 51’i (%51,5) kadindi. Tum grubun yas ortalamasi 21,8’di. 1. ve 6. sinif ogrencilerinde toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin algilanisi acisindan net bir fark gozlenmedi ancak tum grupta yapilan analizde kadin ogrencilerde, sinif farki olmaksizin gerek toplam puan gerekse alt olcek puanlari erkek ogrencilere gore daha yuksekti ve aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamliydi ( p <0,05). Tum diger yordayicilar kontrol edildiginde kadin ogrencilerde toplam puan erkeklere gore 15,5 puan daha yuksekti. Kadin cinsiyet rolu puaninda en onemli yordayici, diger puanlardan farkli olarak annenin yil olarak egitim suresiydi. Annenin egitim suresindeki her 5 yillik artis, olcek puanini 1,2 puan kadar arttirmaktaydi. Sonuc: Sonuc olarak tip fakultesindeki donem 1 ve 6. sinif ogrencileri arasinda yaptigimiz calisma bize toplumsal cinsiyet algisinin egitim ile olumlu hale gelmedigini, en onemli yordayicilarin egitim surecinin disindaki kadin cinsiyeti ve annenin egitim suresi oldugunu gostermistir. Buradan yola cikarak tip fakultesi egitim mufredatinin toplumsal cinsiyet algisini esitlikci yonde degistirecek bicimde gozden gecirilmesi onemlidir.
Seroprevalence study of Bovine Brucellosis and its public

The prevalence of bovine brucellosis was measured in cross sectional study in Jimma zone, Western Ethiopia using RBT and CFT from October 2003 to April 2004. The study animals consisted of 1813 cattle among which were 1305 local breed found in extensive system in five districts and 508 cross breed in 46 farms found in Jimma town. The overall individual animal prevalence of 0.77% and 0.2% were recorded in five districts and Jimma town, respectively. When the two management systems were considered together an overall individual animal and herd prevalence of 0.61% and 2.9% were found, respectively. Higher prevalences were observed in larger herd size (P< 0.001); older age group were affected more than younger animals (P< 0.05) in the extensive management system. No reactors were observed in male. Seropositivities of 8% were observed in animals with previous history of abortion. In the study of the disease in human beings, classified in four high-risk occupational groups, using RBT and CFT, the highest prevalence (14.3%) was observed among animal health workers and followed by farmers (3.2%) and there was no reactors found among butchers and abattoir workers. An overall prevalence (2.4%) was found in the area. There was a significantly higher risk of acquiring the infection when handling parturient animals (P< 0.05). The study demonstrates that the prevalence of brucellosis in the area is low; however, there is probable risk of spread of the disease in the unaffected cattle population since there are no precaution measures taken in the areas that should have been practiced by farmers. Since the prevalence is below 2%, test and slaughter with compensation payment to farmers is recommendable, while in case of human brucellosis, since its presence is confirmed and the risk factors are identified, the medical personnel should give attention as to differential diagnosis of the disease which have been overlooked so far.
Conceptual memory: a theory and computer program for processing the meaning content of natural langu

Abstract : Humans perform vast quantities of spontaneous, subconscious computation in order to understand even the simplest language utterances. The computation is principally meaning-based. With syntax and traditional semantics playing insignificant roles. This thesis supports this conjecture by synthesis of a theory and computer program which account for many aspects of language behavior in humans. It is a theory of language and memory.
Engellilerin eğitimine yönelik bir politika aracı olarak özel özel eğitim kurumlarının eğitimde eşitlik bağlamında değerlendirilmesi

Bu calisma, ulkemizde ozel egitim hizmetlerine yapilan yatirimlarin ve ayrilan kaynaklarin egitimde firsat esitligi baglaminda degerlendirilmesine yonelik yapilmistir. Egitim hizmetlerinin, toplumun her kesime esit kosullarda ve esit olanaklarda sunulabilmesi gerekir.Toplumdaki tum bireylere egitim hakkinin taninmasi, Anayasada ve bircok ulusal ve uluslararasi belgede yer bulmustur. Calisma icerisinde oncelikle kuresellesmenin, egitim hakkina etkileri degerlendirilmis daha sonra ise ozel egitim hizmetlerine deginilerek ozellestirmenin, ozel gereksinimli bireylere sunulan egitimi olumsuz yonde etkiledigi ve bu hizmet alaninda genel olarak karsilasilan sikintilara deginilmistir.Betimsel olarak tasarlanan bu calisma icerisinde toplam 50 kisiyle gorusulmus. Ayrica 20 ozel ozel egitim ve rehabilitasyon merkezine bilgi formu uygulanmistir. Yapilandirilmis gorusme teknigi ile rehberlik arastirma merkezi yetkililerinin, sinif ogretmenlerinin ve ogrenci velilerinin gorusleri alinmistir. Calisma grubundaki kisiler amacli orneklem yontemi ile secilmistir.Bu calisma sonucu elde edilen bulgulara gore, ulkemizde ozel egitim hizmetlerinin gittikce ticarilestigi, devlet tarafindan ayrilan finansman kaynaklarinin azaldigi ayrica yetersiz uzman personel calistirilmasi ve denetimlerin yetersiz kalmasi sonucu verilen egitim hizmetinin kalitesizlestigi ortaya cikmakla birlikte bu hizmet alaninda devlet onlem almadikca sikintilarin daha da artacagi vurgulanmistir.AbstractThis research has been done to aim at evaluation of investments for private education services and sources shared in context of educational equity in Turkey. Education services has to be given to every region of society in equal conditions and opporturity. Right for education that is given to every person in the society, place in Turkey? s legislation, many national and international documents. In the study effects of globalization on educational rights are evaluated before all than by touching on private education services making private sector effect the education given to it is mentioned that in special people need and the difficulties confranted generally in care sector.This research is based on a model of descriptive method.It is qualiative research carried out and 50 people were interviewed in the research. Besides, information gathering form is applied to 20 private education and rehabilitation centers.Opinions of guidance research center authorities,class theachers and students parent are taken with structural interview technique. People in the study group are chosen with aimed sampling method.According to the finding in this study, private education services become more commercial,the finance that is shared by goverment decreases,the result of insufficient expert is worked and the supervision is insufficient, the education service that is given become poor quality, it is emphasized that the diffuculties will increase if the goverment doesn? t take prevention in this service sector.