Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuroradiological findings in atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system

Purpose: To evaluate the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of atypical teratoid tumor/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) of the central nervous system (CNS). Material and methods: Twenty cases of CNS AT/RT have been found over the past 23 years in our hospital; these involving 11 boys and 9 girls whose mean age at diagnosis was 5.5 years. Their clinical data, the CT, and MRI findings were reviewed retrospectively. Results: AT/RT was located in the cerebellum in 15 cases. Four cases arose from the supratentorial region, while only one occurred primarily in the lumbar spinal cord. Almost all cases revealed heterogeneous intensity and heterogeneous enhancement. Peripheral cystic components were common. Survival time ranged from 2 months to 3 years, with a mean survival of 11.6 months. Conclusion: Most cases of AT/RT are located in the cerebellum. The radiologic manifestations are non‐specific. The diagnosis mainly depends on the pathologic findings. However, AT/RT should still remain in the differential diagnosis of brain tumors in young children, especially those located in the cerebellar hemisphere and with eccentric cysts.
Successful tocilizumab treatment in a patient with human herpesvirus 8‐positive and human immunodeficiency virus‐negative multicentric Castleman's disease of plasma cell type nonresponsive to rituximab‐CVP therapy

We present and discuss the case of a HIV‐negative female finally diagnosed upon histopathologic and molecular biologic evaluations with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)‐positive multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) of plasma cell type, but with no detectable HHV8‐DNA in peripheral blood. She failed to respond to combination immunosuppressive therapeutic trials of corticosteroids and azathioprine, and neither an immunochemotherapy of rituximab‐CVP (R‐CVP) induced disease resolution. However, monoclonal anti‐IL‐6R antibody (tocilizumab) immunotherapy resulted in beneficial disease stabilization. A control lymph node biopsy indicated mild polyclonal plasmacytosis, and a negative HHV8 determination. The patient is still receiving tocilizumab. This case emphasizes the individual nature of MCD requiering more personalized disease management.
The temperature–dependence of the volume expansivity and the thermal expansion tensor of petalite between 4.2 K and 600 K

The temperature–dependence of the lattice parameters, unit cell volume and the thermal expansion tensor of petalite (LiAlSi4O10) have been determined from high resolution, time–of–flight powder neutron diffraction data collected at ninety temperatures between 4.2 K and 600 K. At low temperatures, after a short saturation interval, the unit cell volume decreases from 424.114(6) Å3 at 15 K, reaching a minimum of 423.470(6) Å3 at 219 K, before slowly increasing to 425.004(7) Å3 by 600 K. Petalite may be considered to be a further example of a low expansion material (defined as having a coefficient of linear thermal expansion of less than 2 × 10−6 K−1) in the well–studied Li2O–Al2O3–SiO2 system, however in this case, this technologically useful property is found to occur at low temperatures, in the interval 157 K to 298 K. From the temperature variation of the unit cell parameters, the eigenvalues (λii) and eigenvectors of the thermal expansion tensor have been calculated for the range 20 K to 600 K. The eigenvalue (λ22) associated with the unique monoclinic axis (b) is positive for all temperatures above saturation, ~ 50 K, and reaches a maximum value of 1.42 × 10−5 K−1 at 600 K. In the a–c plane, above the 20 K saturation temperatures, λ11 changes sign, negative to positive at 232 K, and λ33 is always found to be negative, but reducing in magnitude with increasing temperature. The orientation of λ11 is found to be approximately parallel to a, and λ33 is approximately parallel to c* at all temperatures. The 600 K thermal expansion coefficients associated with these two principal axes is of the order of four times smaller than that associated with λ22 (λ11: 3.2 × 10−6 K−1; λ33: −3.4 × 10−6 K−1). Between 20 K and 232 K, the thermal expansion tensor is therefore represented by a hyperboloid of two sheets, and above this temperature, the representation quadric changes to a hyperboloid of one sheet. The orientation of the principal axes in (010) is continuous through the change in the representation quadric, and only shows a small variation throughout the temperature interval 20 K to 600 K.
The relationship between amniotic and newborn gastric fluid inflammatory mediators

Abstract Objective: To determine whether the levels of inflammatory mediators in gastric fluid (GF) of a premature newborn are associated with those in amniotic fluid (AF) of the newborn’s mother. Patients: Twenty-three pairs of pregnant women and their premature newborns <35 weeks gestation, born by Cesarean sections. Methods: Amniotic fluids and newborn gastric fluids were obtained from women during Cesarean section procedure. The mother-premature newborn dyads were retrospectively assessed to analyze the clinical and laboratory data. Concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) were compared between amniotic and newborn gastric fluids in each dyad. Results: Premature newborns and their mothers with funisitis had significantly higher median AF IL-6, TNF-α and GF IL-8 concentrations than those without funisitis (p = 0.022 for AF IL-6; p = 0.023 for AF TNF-α; p = 0.022 for GF IL-8). The concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and MBL in newborn GF were significantly correlated with those in AF in each dyad (p < 0.001, r = 0.872 for IL-6; p < 0.001, r = 0.851 for IL-8; p < 0.001, r = 0.768 for TNF-α; p < 0.001, r = 0.845 for MBL, respectively). Conclusion: The levels of inflammatory mediators in GF of a premature newborn immediately after birth are strongly associated with those in AF of the newborn’s mother.
Some approaches to analogical mapping with structure-sensitive distributed representations

This paper presents some techniques for analogical mapping using associative-projective neural networks (APNNs). Sparse binary distributed representations of constant high dimensionality are constructed on-the-fly for hierarchical structures of various complexity. Such representations encode both surface and structural similarity of analogical episodes. The introduced mapping approaches are illustrated using test analogies.
Measurements of multi-antenna gains using a 3GPP-LTE air interface in typical indoor and outdoor scenarios

In this paper we report the first real-time measurements of a 3GPP-LTE multiple antenna system in typical indoor and outdoor scenarios. In a single cell, single user scenario we demonstrate throughput exceeding 100 Mbit/s with a 2times2 MIMO configuration. This throughput gain is significant as compared to existing single antenna systems. We describe the basic LTE system design and prototype ingredients which were implemented to achieve these results. The highlight of our MIMO-OFDM system design is frequency dependent link adaptation. In principle, we show that this parallel link adaptation provides robust gains in a cellular broadband system. The robustness is seen in both our indoor and outdoor measurement results. The key feature of our work is implementation of multiple antenna concepts in such a broadband system.
Enhanced sodium sensitivity and disturbed circadian rhythm of blood pressure in essential hypertension

Objective To assess whether an association between sodium-sensitive hypertension and metabolic syndrome exists; and whether, in patients with metabolic syndrome, the nocturnal fall of blood pressure decreases and salt restriction affects the circadian blood pressure rhythm. Methods Japanese patients with essential hypertension, who were treated without any antihypertensive agent, were maintained on a high-sodium diet and a low-sodium diet for 1 week each. On the last day of each diet, the 24-h blood pressures were measured. A diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was made according to the International Diabetes Foundation definition Results Among the 56 patients with essential hypertension, 15 patients were complicated with metabolic syndrome while 41 patients were not. The nocturnal blood pressure fall was significant in patients without metabolic syndrome, while it was not so in patients with metabolic syndrome. Only in patients with metabolic syndrome was the nocturnal blood pressure fall enhanced by sodium restriction. The prevalence of sodium-sensitive hypertension in patients with metabolic syndrome was significantly higher than in those without metabolic syndrome (70.6 versus 36.0%, respectively; P = 0.017). A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed central obesity to be an independent risk factor for sodium-sensitive hypertension (odds ratio, 1.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.04–1.91). Conclusions In patients with essential hypertension, an inter-relationship exists among metabolic syndrome, enhanced sodium sensitivity of the blood pressure and non-dipping. The elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with metabolic syndrome may be related to sodium-sensitive hypertension and non-dipping.
Reproducibility and relative validity of food group intake in a food frequency questionnaire developed for Nepalese diet

Abstract We developed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) designed to measure the dietary practices of adult Nepalese. The present study examined the validity and reproducibility of the FFQ. To evaluate the reproducibility of the FFQ, 116 subjects completed two 115-item FFQ across a four-month interval. Six 24-h dietary recalls were collected (1 each month) to assess the validity of the FFQ. Seven major food groups and 23 subgroups were clustered from the FFQ based on macronutrient composition. Spearman correlation coefficients evaluating reproducibility for all food groups were greater than 0.5, with the exceptions of oil. The correlations varied from 0.41 (oil) to 0.81 (vegetables). All crude spearman coefficients for validity were greater than 0.5 except for dairy products, pizzas/pastas and sausage/burgers. The FFQ was found to be reliable and valid for ranking the intake of food groups for Nepalese dietary intake.
Sleep deprivation and major motor convulsions

RECENTLY, a t the School of Aerospace Medicine, evaluation was made of 2 men from the aircrew personnel who had suffered a single major seizure for which a definite cause could not be demonstrated. Contrast studies were not performed because of lack of focal signs in the seizure and electroencephalogram and because of normal findings in neurological examination, skull roentgenograms, and cerebrospinal fluid. It was of particular interest that the convulsions occurred during periods of stress, particularly sleep deprivation, heavy work load, and irregular dietary habits. A review of approximately 20 definite seizure disorders seen in aircrew a t the School of Aerospace Medicine since 1956 revealed 2 similar cases. It is the purpose of this paper to present these 4 patients to emphasize the importance of these stresses, particularly sleep deprivation, in precipitating a grand ma1 convulsion in a n otherwise apparently normal individual. Since the electroencephalographic findings in 3 of these patients suggested that the discharge originated within the centrencephalic system, the association of this pathway with the term “convulsive threshold will be discussed.
Robust Real-Time 3 D Face Tracking from RGBD Videos under Extreme Pose , Depth , and Expression Variations

We introduce a novel end-to-end real-time pose-robust 3D face tracking framework from RGBD videos, which is capable of tracking head pose and facial actions simultaneously in unconstrained environment without intervention or pre-calibration from a user. In particular, we emphasize tracking the head pose from profile to profile and improving tracking performance in challenging instances, where the tracked subject is at a considerably large distance from the camera and the quality of data deteriorates severely. To achieve these goals, the tracker is guided by an efficient multi-view 3D shape regressor, trained upon generic RGB datasets, which is able to predict model parameters despite large head rotations or tracking range. Specifically, the shape regressor is made aware of the head pose by inferring the possibility of particular facial landmarks being visible through a joint regression-classification local random forest framework, and piecewise linear regression models effectively map visibility features into shape parameters. In addition, the regressor is combined with a joint 2D+3D optimization that sparsely exploits depth information to further refine shape parameters to maintain tracking accuracy over time. The result is a robust on-line RGBD 3D face tracker that can model extreme head poses and facial expressions accurately in challenging scenes, which are demonstrated in our extensive experiments.
Simultaneous Steady-state and Dynamic 13C NMR Can Differentiate Alternative Routes of Pyruvate Metabolism in Living Cancer Cells*

Background: 13C hyperpolarization sensitively and non-destructively detects pyruvate-lactate exchanges in cancer cells. Results: Combining 13C hyperpolarization with isotopomer analysis allowed many pyruvate-dependent pathways to be quantified simultaneously. Conclusion: Monitoring H[13C]O3− production from hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate yielded a quantitative readout of oncogene-regulated pyruvate dehydrogenase activity. Significance: This approach might enable a broader quantitative assessment of metabolic activity in tumors. Metabolic reprogramming facilitates cancer cell growth, so quantitative metabolic flux measurements could produce useful biomarkers. However, current methods to analyze flux in vivo provide either a steady-state overview of relative activities (infusion of 13C and analysis of extracted metabolites) or a dynamic view of a few reactions (hyperpolarized 13C spectroscopy). Moreover, although hyperpolarization has successfully quantified pyruvate-lactate exchanges, its ability to assess mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism is unproven in cancer. Here, we combined 13C hyperpolarization and isotopomer analysis to quantify multiple fates of pyruvate simultaneously. Two cancer cell lines with divergent pyruvate metabolism were incubated with thermally polarized [3-13C]pyruvate for several hours, then briefly exposed to hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate during acquisition of NMR spectra using selective excitation to maximize detection of H[13C]O3− and [1-13C]lactate. Metabolites were then extracted and subjected to isotopomer analysis to determine relative rates of pathways involving [3-13C]pyruvate. Quantitation of hyperpolarized H[13C]O3− provided a single definitive metabolic rate, which was then used to convert relative rates derived from isotopomer analysis into quantitative fluxes. This revealed that H[13C]O3− appearance reflects activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase rather than pyruvate carboxylation followed by subsequent decarboxylation reactions. Glucose substantially altered [1-13C]pyruvate metabolism, enhancing exchanges with [1-13C]lactate and suppressing H[13C]O3− formation. Furthermore, inhibiting Akt, an oncogenic kinase that stimulates glycolysis, reversed these effects, indicating that metabolism of pyruvate by both LDH and pyruvate dehydrogenase is subject to the acute effects of oncogenic signaling on glycolysis. The data suggest that combining 13C isotopomer analyses and dynamic hyperpolarized 13C spectroscopy may enable quantitative flux measurements in living tumors.
THE INFLUENCE OF SPORTS ON PARALYMPIC ATHLETES’ PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

One of the most effective ways of integrating people with disabilities into society and ensuring their comprehensive personal development is to engage people with disabilities into Paralympic Games. Such engagement creates the necessary conditions to socialize people with disabilities, to adapt their physical and mental states to existing living conditions, to ease negative manifestations of their psycho-emotional states, to promote their self-realization. The article presents the results of the research determining the impact of sports on Paralympic athletes’ personal development. The comparison of the indicators of psychological well-being and hardiness of Paralympic athletes with normative values, the indicators shown by students without disabilities and students with disabilities has confirmed proven clear positive influence of sports on Paralympic athletes’ personal development. In particular, Paralympic athletes achieve an optimal level of psychological well-being and a significant increase in all psychological hardiness components.
Handover enhancement for LTE-Advanced and beyond heterogeneous cellular networks

Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) are considered a promising cellular network architecture to provide services to the massive number of subscribers. However, in heterogeneous networks, as cell size becomes smaller, the number of handovers and handover failure increase significantly. Therefore, mobility management becomes an important issue in HetNets. In this research, we analyzed the handover parameters, and proposed a novel handover method for heterogeneous cellular networks to minimize the number of handovers and handover failure. In the proposed method, we considered dual connectivity with control and data plane split and Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) transmission to optimize the handover parameters. The reduction of handover improves the network performance and the handover failure reduction improves the user experience. The simulation results show that the proposed handover process significantly reduces the number of handovers in heterogeneous cellular networks.
The Rebound Phenomenon‐Fact or Fancy?: Experience with Discontinuation of Long‐Term Anticoagulation Therapy after Myocardial Infarction

Long-term anticoagulant therapy (coumadin) was gradually tapered over a 6-week period in 63 patients, and stopped abruptly in 71. All of these patients had been on coumadin following myocardial infarction. Acareful follow-up showed that there was no difference in the incidence of thrombotic events in the first 6 weeks after discontinuation of therapy, whether this was stopped abruptly or gradually. These results suggest that clinically recognized “rebound” thrombosis does not occur after long-term coumadin therapy is stopped. There appears to be no hazard inherent in stopping long-term coumadin therapy abruptly. A possible exception to this is patients whose therapy must be stopped because of bleeding episodes.
Lack of Association Between the rs2664538 Polymorphism in the MMP-9 Gene and Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma in Singaporean Subjects

PurposeA recent study identified the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2664538 within the MMP-9 gene with risk for acute primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG). The aim of this study was to confirm this association in Singaporean Chinese subjects with both acute and chronic PACG. MethodsThis was an observational cross-sectional study. Genomic DNA was extracted from leukocytes of peripheral blood and genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. The association of the SNP with PACG was evaluated using χ2 tests. ResultsA total of 217 subjects with PACG (consisting of 85 acute and 132 chronic PACG), and 83 normal control Chinese subjects were studied. There was no significant difference in the rs2664538 SNP allele frequencies for acute or chronic PACG subjects compared with controls. ConclusionsThis study did not find an association between the rs2664538 polymorphism within the MMP-9 gene and PACG in this sample of Chinese subjects.
Acute bronchiolitis: Predisposing factors and characterization of infants at risk

Fifty‐one infants hospitalized because of acute bronchiolitis and 24 control children were prospectively followed until 2 years of age. Respiratory syncytial virus was detected initially in 31 index children parainfluenza virus in two, and rhinovirus in one. More index children were born during the months April through September, and six index children had neonatal respiratory complications. The index children were breast‐fed for shorter periods, lived in more crowded homes, and had more siblings. No significant differences were found for atopic background and atopic illness at 2 years of age. The index children had more respiratory infections and episodes of bronchopulmonary obstruction during the follow‐up period (60% with three or more episodes). To characterize the hospitalized children, a discriminant analysis was performed. A discriminant function classified 47 of 51 index children as belonging to the index group and 21 of 24 control children to the control group.
Activation of Protein Kinase C in Sensory Neurons Accelerates Ca2+ Uptake into the Endoplasmic Reticulum

The rate of Ca2+ clearance from the neuronal cytoplasm affects the amplitude, duration, and localization of Ca2+ signals and influences a variety of Ca2+-dependent functions. We reported previously that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) accelerates Ca2+ efflux in rat sensory neurons mediated by the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase isoform 4 (PMCA4). Here we show that sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA)-mediated Ca2+ uptake into intracellular stores is also accelerated by PKC activation. The rate of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) clearance was studied after small (<350 nm) action potential-induced Ca2+ loads in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. Under these conditions, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and Na+/Ca2+ exchange do not significantly influence [Ca2+]i recovery. Phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu) increased the rate of [Ca2+]i clearance by 71% in a manner sensitive to the selective PKC inhibitors GF109203x (2-[1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)maleimide) and calphostin. PKC-dependent acceleration was still observed (∼39%) when the PKC-sensitive PMCA isoform was knocked down by expression of an antisense PMCA4 cDNA (AS4). Direct measurement of Ca2+ in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen revealed that PKC increased the rate of store refilling more than twofold after depletion by treatment with cyclopiazonic acid. ER refilling was less complete in PDBu-treated cells, although, in AS4-expressing cells, PDBu accelerated the rate without reducing the ER capacity, suggesting that PMCA and SERCA compete for Ca2+. Thus, activation of PKC accelerates the clearance of Ca2+ from the cytoplasm by the concerted stimulation of Ca2+ sequestration and Ca2+ efflux.
Have R&D Spillovers Changed?

This paper revisits the results of Bloom, Schankerman, and Van Reenen (2013) examining the impact of R&D on the performance of US firms, especially through spillovers. We extend their analysis to include an additional 15 years of data through 2015, and update the measures of firms' interactions in technology space and product market space. We show that the magnitude of R&D spillovers appears to have been broadly similar in the second decade of the 21st Century as it was in the mid-1980s. However, there does seem to have been some increase in the wedge between marginal social returns to R&D and marginal private returns with the ratio of marginal social to private returns increasing to a factor of 4 from 3. There is certainly no evidence that the need to subsidize R&D has diminished. Positive spillovers appeared to increase in the 1995-2004 boom.