Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Damped large amplitude transverse oscillations in an EUV solar prominence, triggered by large-scale transient coronal waves

Aims. We investigate two successive trains of large amplitude transverse oscillations in an arched EUV prominence, observed with SoHO/EIT on the north-east solar limb on 30 July 2005. The oscillatory trains are triggered by two large scale coronal waves, associated with an X-class and a C-class flare occurring in the same remote active region. Methods. The oscillations are tracked within rectangular slits parallel to the solar limb at different heights, which are taken to move with the apparent height profile of the prominence to account for solar rotation. Time series for the two prominence arch legs are extracted using Gaussian fitting on the 195 angstrom absorption features, and fitted to a damped cosine curve to determine the oscillatory parameters. Results. Differing energies of the two triggering flares and associated waves are found to agree with the velocity amplitudes, of 50.6 +/- 3.2 and 15.9 +/- 8.0 km s(-1) at the apex, for the first and second oscillatory trains respectively, as estimated in the transverse direction. The period of oscillation is similar for both trains, with an average of 99 +/- 11 min, indicating a characteristic frequency as predicted by magnetohydrodynamics. Increasing velocity amplitude with height during the first oscillatory train, and in-phase starting motions of the two legs regardless of height, for each train, demonstrate that the prominence exhibits a global kink mode to a first approximation. However, discrepancies between the oscillatory characteristics of the two legs and an apparent dependence of period upon height, suggest that the prominence actually oscillates as a collection of separate but interacting threads. Damping times of around two to three cycles are observed. Combining our results with those of previously analysed loop oscillations, we find an approximately linear dependence of damping time upon period for kink oscillations, supporting resonant absorption as the damping mechanism despite limitations in testing this theory.
Localization of TNF-a in Experimentally Induced Bone Defect Treated with Topical Application of Flavanoids Extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa

Background: Repair of bone defect is a multistep procedure involving migration, proliferation, differentiation and activation of several cell types. Many cytokines which play an important role in the regulation of bone repair, Tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) is one of the several proinflammatory cytokines involved in bone remodeling (Osta et al., 2014). TNF_a possessed osteogenic differentiation effects, its determined promoter of osteoclastogenesis and inhibitor of osteoblastogenesis. The use of plants for healing purposes predates human history and forms the source of current modern medicine. This study was achieved to investigate effect of flavonoid extract on molecular events in bone healing process by expression of Tumer Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α). Materials and methods: Immunohistochemica localization of TNF-α was investigated for healing of induced bone defects in tibiae of 24 adult New Zealand rabbits. Two holes were induced in rabbit tibia the left side left to heal normally as control, while, the other hole made on the right side filled with flavonoid extract regarded as experimental. Sacrifications of the animals were done according to the healing periods. Routine processing and sectioning technique was performed for immunohistochemical evaluation. Results: Findings obtained in this study showed decrease in percentage of positively stained bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) between experimental and control groups with statically significant difference among (3days, 1, and 2weeks ) durations; while, in 4 weeks duration there was no obvious difference and its statistically non-significant. Positive expression of TNF-α by osteoblasts and osteocytes was statistically significant at 1week, non-significant at 4weeks, however at 2weeks statically significant analysis was recorded with osteocytes and osteoclasts. Conclusion: The study revealed obvious effect of flavonoid extract in promoting bone healing process as demonstrated TNF-α expression by cells involved in the process in different durations.
GENETIC BALANCE IN ORAL AND LARYNGEAL CANCER BEHAVIOUR A WORKING HYPOTHESIS FOR THEIR CARE 2

Back Ground and the formation of tumors of the oral cavity and larynx, regardless of external factors such as smoking and HPV. The aim of this paper is to verify whether the impo affecting the oral defenses drop, mostly on mucins. Study Material: Genetic References, using key word and key stream "oral and laryngeal cancer genetic in 2015 and 20216 year to identify po account the two most important external causes smoking and HPV. According to a previous our study, have been identified, but also the incidence of other factors regarding the onset of oral cancer and larynx and verification of these results even after a posterior effective bibliographic update has been tested on a sample of thirty laryngectomees patients, through the administration of a questionnaire Results and Discussion: similar to those identified in a recent review. Statistical analysis of the results obtained by processing the questionnaire, confirmed that the l smoke autoimmune disorders and certain lifestyles, can inactivate and/or deprive the Mucinic Fraction. To observe that the proportion of patients with laryngeal cancer presenting an autoimmune disease is higher than the contro group (0.012 with Fisher Exact test) with p value < 0.001, with a test of proportions. Also during those same PCs smoking and the presence of an autoimmune disease are twonot associated risk factors (p = 0.1211 with fish autoimmune conditions, according very recent epidemiological studies, diabetes, in the sample of laryngectomized patients is hi larynctomees group a sign very important were the p 0.054 indicate Conclusions and Proposals: depend for different ge in diabetes. The crucial protective function of mucins that altered in various carcinomas resulting in hyper expression, provides the original idea for a proposal t "attenuated" improved in capsid with the enzyme neuroaminidase, to delete the links Interrupting hyperespressivity and consequently the process of angiogenesis, facilitating their ent the tumor suppressor p53, engineered viral DNA may then suppress carcinogenesis
Puli - A Problem-Specific OMT Solver

In our previous papers, we investigated several aspects of applying Optimization Modulo Theories (OMT) solvers to Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). None of the solvers we used in our experiments scaled enough for WSNs of common size in practice. This is particularly true when investigating additional dependability and security constraints on WSNs of high density.In this paper, we propose an idea of speeding up the OMT solving process by taking into consideration some resources in the systems and by applying regression analysis on those resource values. For instance, in WSNs, the electrical charge in the batteries of sensor nodes can be considered to be a resource that is being consumed as approaching the maximal lifetime of the network. Another example is the knapsack problem where the remaining capacity of the knapsack can be used as such a resource. We show how to integrate this idea in search algorithms in the OMT framework and introduce a new OMT solver called Puli. We present experiments with Puli on WSN and knapsack benchmarks, which show remarkable improvements in the number of solved instances as well as computation time compared to existing solvers. Furthermore, we show that further significant improvement can be realized on so-called monotonous problems, such as WSN optimization, for which Puli can generate more precise assertions. We present Puli as a work-in-progress prototype that we are planning to upgrade to an official release soon, which we want to make publicly available.
Fluvial incision into bedrock: Insights from morphometric analysis and numerical modeling of gorges incising glacial hanging valleys (Western Alps, France)

Bedrock gorges incising glacial hanging valleys potentially allow measurements of fluvial bedrock incision in mountainous relief. Using digital elevation models, topographic maps, and field reconnaissance, we identified and characterized 30 tributary hanging valleys incised by gorges near their confluence with trunk streams in the Romanche watershed, French Western Alps. Longitudinal profiles of these tributaries are all convex and have abrupt knickpoints at the upper limit of oversteepened gorge reaches. We reconstructed initial glacial profiles from glacially polished bedrock knobs surrounding the gorges in order to quantify the amount of fluvial incision and knickpoint retreat. From morphometric analyses, we find that mean channel gradients and widths, as well as knickpoint retreat rates, display a drainage area dependence modulated by bedrock lithology. However, there appears to be no relation between horizontal retreat and vertical downwearing of knickpoints. Assuming a postglacial origin of these gorges, our results imply high postglacial fluvial incision (0.5-15 mm yr−1) and knickpoint retreat (1-200 mm yr−1) rates that are, however, consistent with previous estimates. Numerical modeling was used to test the capacity of different fluvial incision models to predict the inferred evolution of the gorges. Results from simple end‐member models suggest transport‐limited behavior of the bedrock gorges. A more sophisticated model including dynamic width adjustment and sediment‐dependent incision rates predicts present‐day channel geometry only if a significant supply of sediment from the gorge sidewalls (∼10 mm yr−1) is triggered by gorge deepening, combined with pronounced inhibition of bedrock incision by sediment transport and deposition.
Strategic Response to Institutional Influences on Information Systems Outsourcing

This paper underscores the importance of examining strategic response to institutional influences in light of hypercompetition. Focusing on the banking industry, which is hypercompetitive and highly institutionalized, affords a unique opportunity to understand how individual corporations in such an industry respond strategically to institutional pressures.We examine critical contingencies arising from hypercompetition that moderate institutional influences on information systems outsourcing in commercial banks. Using data from 226 banks and hierarchical moderated regression analyses, we show that the propensity of banks to conform to or resist institutional pressures depends on the nature of institutional pressures, perceived gain in production economies, financial capacity to resist institutional influences, and transaction cost considerations.
An indigenous origin for the South Pole Aitken basin thorium anomaly

The northwest portion of the Moon's South Pole‐Aitken basin contains an anomalously high abundance of thorium as determined by Apollo and Lunar Prospector gamma‐ray spectroscopy. The anomaly's proximity to the antipode of the Imbrium basin has led several investigators to suggest that the anomaly is the result of convergence of thorium‐enriched ejecta from the Imbrium impact. Examination of this complex region with new higher‐resolution thorium data and several other datasets reveals that a convergence of ejecta cannot explain the anomaly. Alternatively, we propose an indigenous and likely ancient source.
Rarefied Natural Gas Transport

Natural gas (or simply gas), made up of around 82.0-89.6 mol% methane, 0.9-9.8 mol% nitrogen, 3.4-9.4 mol% ethane, 0.6-4.7 mol% propane, 0.1-1.7 mol% n-butane, and other gases (GPSA, 1998; Ivings et al., 2003; Schley et al., 2004), is a gaseous fossil fuel that has methane as its primary compound and is moved primarily by pipeline. It is desirable to understand the physical properties in rarefied natural gas transport and the corresponding behavior in pipelines. Gas rarefaction was observed in many areas, such as gas bearings (Johnston & McCloskey, 1940; Carr, 1954; Burgdorfer, 1959; Hsia & Domoto, 1983), space vehicles (Ivanov & Gimelshein, 1998; Tsuboi & Matsumoto, 2005), microfluidic devices (Pfahler et al., 1991; Pong et al., 1994), etc. The effect of gas rarefaction is quantified by the Knudsen number Kn , which is defined as the ratio of the molecular mean free path to the characteristic length. Schaaf & Chambre (1961) have proposed the following ranges to determine the degree of gas rarefaction in a flow, as shown in Table 1. For 01 . 0 Kn  , the flow is in the continuum regime, where the continuum hypothesis holds. The continuum field equations in conjunction with no-slip and no-jump boundary conditions describe the flow and thermal behavior. The rarefaction effect becomes noticeable when the value of Kn becomes greater than 0.01. The range 0.01-0.1 is referred to as the slip regime, where the conventional continuum field equations are still valid, but the conventional no-slip and no-jump boundary conditions may break down. It has been proven that the Maxwell-Smoluchowski (MS) slip and jump boundary conditions are valid (Arkilic et al., 1997; Beskok & Karniadakis, 1999; Ewart et al., 2007; Weng & Chen, 2008a). The range of 10 Kn 1 . 0   represents the transition regime, where the molecular mean free path is comparable to the characteristic length, and the conventional continuum field equations may break down. For Kn 10  , the flow is in the free-molecular regime, where the collisions among the molecules are negligible. Although conventional transport systems operate in the continuum regime, pipelines can operate in the slip regime due to the reduction of working pressure or the enhancement of working temperature (the molecular mean free path is related to the pressure and the temperature). In this chapter, first we will provide the property formulas of gases in power-law form and present the physical properties of methane at the standard reference state, so as to simply predict the physical properties of natural gases. Then we will discuss in some detail the use of the mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations as well as the slip and jump 22
Catching the radio flare in CTA 102 - III. Core-shift and spectral analysis

The temporal and spatial spectral evolution of the jets of AGN can be studied with multi-frequency, multi-epoch VLBI observations. The combination of both, morphological and spectral parameters can be used to derive source intrinsic physical properties such as the magnetic field and the non-thermal particle density. In the first two papers of this series, we analyzed the single-dish light curves and the VLBI kinematics of the blazar CTA 102 and suggested a shock-shock interaction between a traveling and a standing shock wave as a possible scenario to explain the observed evolution of the component associated to the 2006 flare. In this paper we investigate the core-shift and spectral evolution to test our hypothesis of a shock-shock interaction. We used 8 multi-frequency VLBA observations to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution of the spectral parameters during the flare. We observed CTA 102 between May 2005 and April 2007 using the VLBA at six different frequencies spanning from 2 - 86 GHz. After the calibrated VLBA images were corrected for opacity, we performed a detailed spectral analysis. From the derived values we estimated the magnetic field and the density of the relativistic particles. The detailed analysis of the opacity shift reveals that the position of the jet core is proportional to nu^-1 with some temporal variations. The value suggests possible equipartition between magnetic field energy and particle kinetic energy densities at the most compact regions. From the variation of the physical parameters we deduced that the 2006 flare in CTA 102 is connected to the ejection of a new traveling feature (t=2005.9) and the interaction between this shock wave and a stationary structure around 0.1 mas from the core. The source kinematics together with the spectral and structural variations can be described by helical motions in an over-pressured jet.
Photometric monitoring of the doubly imaged quasar UM 673: possible evidence for chromatic microlensing

We present the results of two-band CCD photometric monitoring of the gravitationally lensed quasar Q 0142−100 (UM 673). The data, obtained at ESO-La Silla with the 1.54 m Danish telescope in the Gunn i-band (October 1998−September 1999) and in the Johnson V-band (October 1998 to December 2001), were analyzed using three different photometric methods. The light-curves obtained with all methods show variations, with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.14 mag in V. Although it was not possible to measure the time delay between the two lensed QSO images, the brighter component displays possible evidence for microlensing: it becomes bluer as it gets brighter, as expected under the assumption of differential magnification of a quasar accretion disk.
Crisis-Communications Management in Football Clubs

An escalating number of crises appear in the sport industry in general and the football industry in particular that make the area of crisis communication an increasingly important matter in both the everyday running and the long-term viability of football. However, the sensitivity of the topic makes an extensive analysis on current practice in crisis communications a particularly challenging task. This study examines how crisis communications is managed by investigating the current practices and techniques employed in English Premier League clubs, as they were presented by communications professionals employed in the clubs. The analysis of the clubs’ practices underlines the lack of proactivity and presents the most popular strategies of crisis-communications management: “Wait for the dust to settle” and “React promptly before the noise grows. ” In addition, an underdocumented technique is examined: the use of the informal personal relationships between the employees of the clubs and the members of the med.
A three-dimensional quantum simulation of silicon nanowire transistors with the effective-mass approximation

The silicon nanowire transistor (SNWT) is a promising device structure for future integrated circuits, and simulations will be important for understanding its device physics and assessing its ultimate performance limits. In this work, we present a three-dimensional (3D) quantum mechanical simulation approach to treat various SNWTs within the effective-mass approximation. We begin by assuming ballistic transport, which gives the upper performance limit of the devices. The use of a mode space approach (either coupled or uncoupled) produces high computational efficiency that makes our 3D quantum simulator practical for extensive device simulation and design. Scattering in SNWTs is then treated by a simple model that uses so-called Buttiker probes, which was previously used in metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor simulations. Using this simple approach, the effects of scattering on both internal device characteristics and terminal currents can be examined, which enables our simulator to be used f.
Parental Proximity and Earnings after Job Displacements

The earnings of young adults living in their parents' neighborhoods completely recover after a job displacement, while the earnings of those living farther away permanently decline. Nearby workers appear to benefit from help with childcare. Earnings improvements are larger in states with expensive childcare and among workers in inflexible occupations, and workers' parents do less market work following their child's displacement. Differences in job search durations, transfers of housing services, and geographic mobility are too small to explain the result. Our results are also consistent with workers benefiting from parental employment networks.
The relative contribution of orbital forcing and greenhouse gases to the North American deglaciation

Understanding what drove Northern Hemisphere ice sheet melt during the last deglaciation (21–7 ka) can help constrain how sensitive contemporary ice sheets are to greenhouse gas (GHGs) changes. The roles of orbital forcing and GHGs in the deglaciation have previously been modeled but not yet quantified. Here for the first time we calculate the relative effect of these forcings on the North American deglaciation by driving a dynamical ice sheet model (GLIMMER‐CISM) with a set of unaccelerated transient deglacial simulations with a full primitive equation‐based ocean‐atmosphere general circulation model (FAMOUS). We find that by 9 ka, orbital forcing has caused 50% of the deglaciation, GHG 30%, and the interaction between the two 20%. Orbital forcing starts affecting the ice volume at 19 ka, 2000 years before CO2 starts increasing in our experiments, a delay which partly controls their relative effect.
French Champagne and Belgian Chocolate Problems in Simultaneous Stabilization of Linear Systems

Abstract This paper considers two open problems associated with simultaneous stabilization of linear systems, namely French champagne problem and Belgian chocolate problem. Based on the recent development in automated inequality-type theorem proving, the explicit bounds which guarantee the existence of stabilizing controllers with fixed order are determined. In addition, two conjectures concerning the Belgian chocolate problem are formulated. Some numerical examples are worked out.
Financial Valuation and Risk Management Working Paper No . 62 On the Way to Recovery : A Nonparametric Bias Free Estimation of Recovery Rate Densities

In this paper we analyse recovery rates on defaulted bonds using the Standard and Poor’s / PMD database for the years 1981-1999. Due to the speci.c nature of the data (observations lie within 0 and 1), we must rely on nonstandard econometric techniques. The recovery rate density is estimated nonparametrically using a beta kernel method. This method is free of boundary bias, and Monte Carlo comparison with competing nonparametric estimators show that the beta kernel density estimator is particularly well suited for density estimation on the unit interval. We challenge the usual market practice to model parametrically recovery rates using a beta distribution calibrated on the empirical mean and variance. This assumption is unable to replicate multimodal distributions or concentration of data at total recovery and total loss. We evaluate the impact of choosing the beta distribution on the estimation of credit Value-at-Risk.