Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of pyrantel pamoate and ivermectin for the treatment of canine nematodes

Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a eficacia do pamoato pirantel e da ivermectina sobre nematodeos gastrointestinais de caes. Para tanto foram realizados a contagem de ovos nas fezes (OPG) para avaliacao da eficiencia anti-helmintica atraves do Teste de Reducao da Contagem de Ovos nas Fezes (RCOF) e exame de flutuacao Willis-Mollay para verificacao de concordância entre as tecnicas coproparasitologicas. Selecionou-se 45 caes na cidade de Bandeirantes, Parana, naturalmente infectados, os quais foram divididos em tres grupos experimentais: Grupo 1, 15 animais que receberam pamoato de pirantel 145 mg; Grupo 2, 15 animais que receberam ivermectina 3 mg e Grupo 3, 15 animais do grupo controle, nao tratados. Coletas de fezes foram realizadas dois e dez dias depois para realizacao dos exames coproparasitologicos. Observou-se que o genero de maior prevalencia foi Toxocara, seguido de Ancylostoma e Trichuris. Ancylostoma apresentou baixa resistencia ao tratamento com pamoato de pirantel e ivermectina, e Toxocara foi resistente a ambos os tratamentos. Atraves de testes de concordância estatistica entre as tecnicas coproparasitologicas utilizadas, foram constatadas concordâncias moderada, quase perfeita e substancial, respectivamente, na deteccao de Ancylostoma , Toxocara e Trichuris . Concluimos neste estudo que o genero Ancylostoma apresentou baixa resistencia e Toxocara e resistente a ambas as drogas e, devido as suas altas frequencias em animais jovens, devem ser indicadas outras drogas anti-helminticas para o combate destas parasitoses. Adicionalmente, as Tecnicas de Gordon e Whitlock modificada e Willis-Mollay podem ser utilizadas para deteccao principalmente de Toxocara em caes.
The forces that shape embryos: physical aspects of convergent extension by cell intercalation

We discuss the physical aspects of the morphogenic process of convergence (narrowing) and extension (lengthening) of tissues by cell intercalation. These movements, often referred to as ‘convergent extension’, occur in both epithelial and mesenchymal tissues during embryogenesis and organogenesis of invertebrates and vertebrates, and they play large roles in shaping the body plan during development. Our focus is on the presumptive mesodermal and neural tissues of the Xenopus (frog) embryo, tissues for which some physical measurements have been made. We discuss the physical aspects of how polarized cell motility, oriented along future tissue axes, generate the forces that drive oriented cell intercalation and how this intercalation results in convergence and extension or convergence and thickening of the tissue. Our goal is to identify aspects of these morphogenic movements for further biophysical, molecular and cell biological, and modeling studies.
Toxicity Assessment Of ChlorinatedSecondary Effluents By The Vibrio FischeriBioluminescence Assay

The objective of this manuscript was to assess the toxicity formation on biological treated wastewater from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, after a chlorination-dechlorination disinfection process. Water was monitored by means of physicochemical and ecotoxicological parameters, with the use of Vibrio fischeri bioassay. Since a dechlorination process removed residual chlorine, the positive correlation between toxicity values and chlorine concentrations suggested the formation of toxic disinfection by-products (DBPs). Statistically significant differences could be observed for toxicity values according to total carbon, total inorganic carbon, total nitrogen, chlorine, and pH. However, total organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, electrical conductivity and turbidity had no statistical significance on toxicity formation. Three second-order polynomial equations were fitted between with total carbon and total nitrogen concentrations as independent variables, and EC50 as a dependent one.
Empowering group leaders encourages knowledge sharing: integrating the social exchange theory and positive organizational behavior perspective

Purpose Knowledge sharing usually happens in a work group context, but it is rarely know how group leaders influence their members’ knowledge-sharing performance. Based on social exchange theory (SET) and the perspective of positive organizational behavior (POB), this study aims to argue that a group leader’s positive leadership (e.g. empowering leadership) can help group members develop positive psychological capital which can increase their knowledge sharing. Design/methodology/approach The authors conduct a multilevel analysis to explore the interrelationship among empowering leadership, psychological capital and knowledge sharing. The sample includes 64 work groups consisting of 537 group members, and empirical testing is carried out by hierarchical linear modeling. Findings The results show that empowering leadership in a work group has a direct cross-level impact on members’ knowledge sharing and that psychological capital partially mediates the relationship between empowering leadership and knowledge sharing. As a result, this study shows that group leaders with positive leadership can help their members develop better positive psychological resources, which should lead to better knowledge sharing. Originality/value Based on the multilevel perspective and SET, this is the first study to explore how group leaders’ empowering leadership influences members’knowledge sharing. Depending on integrating the POB perspective into SET, this study is also the first one that connects two emerging and important research issues – POB and knowledge sharing.
Risk Factors for Ectopic Pregnancy

To the Editor. — The article entitled "Ectopic Pregnancy and Reproductive Technology" 1 in the March 25 issue ofTHE JOURNALindicates a decline in the proportion of cases of salpingitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhea , citing a current culture rate of less than 30% of women with pelvic inflammatory disease. These figures seem low in light of the 54% culture rate reported in recent articles. 2 I agree with the conclusion that chlamydia has emerged as an increasingly prevalent cause of tubal pregnancy. Anatomic changes with Chlamydia trachomatis infection include hypertrophy and engorgement of the vaginal walls and an increase in glycogen content of the vaginal epithelium. These changes may predispose to secondary infection with Escherichia coli or Bacterioides fragilis . 2 Ascending infection can lead to scarring of the fallopian tubes and an increase in ectopic pregnancy rates. I agree with the authors that chlamydiae are unlikely to be eradicated unless
Characterization of a dockerin‐based affinity tag: application for purification of a broad variety of target proteins

Cellulose, a major component of plant matter, is degraded by a cell surface multiprotein complex called the cellulosome produced by several anaerobic bacteria. This complex coordinates the assembly of different glycoside hydrolases, via a high‐affinity Ca2+‐dependent interaction between the enzyme‐borne dockerin and the scaffoldin‐borne cohesin modules. In this study, we characterized a new protein affinity tag, ΔDoc, a truncated version (48 residues) of the Clostridium thermocellum Cel48S dockerin. The truncated dockerin tag has a binding affinity (KA) of 7.7 × 108 M−1, calculated by a competitive enzyme‐linked assay system. In order to examine whether the tag can be used for general application in affinity chromatography, it was fused to a range of target proteins, including Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein (GFP), C. thermocellum β‐glucosidase, Escherichia coli thioesterase/protease I (TEP1), and the antibody‐binding ZZ‐domain from Staphylococcus aureus protein A. The results of this study significantly extend initial studies performed using the Geobacillus stearothermophilus xylanase T‐6 as a model system. In addition, the enzymatic activity of a C. thermocellum β‐glucosidase, purified using this approach, was tested and found to be similar to that of a β‐glucosidase preparation (without the ΔDoc tag) purified using the standard His‐tag. The truncated dockerin derivative functioned as an effective affinity tag through specific interaction with a cognate cohesin, and highly purified target proteins were obtained in a single step directly from crude cell extracts. The relatively inexpensive beaded cellulose‐based affinity column was reusable and maintained high capacity after each cycle. This study demonstrates that deletion into the first Ca2+‐binding loop of the dockerin module results in an efficient and robust affinity tag that can be generally applied for protein purification. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Accounting Management by International Standards

This paper traces the benefits of international accounting standards – their contribution to harmoniz- ation and globalization by purposing and tasking for accounting management. Measuring in details theirs pros and cons effects on the division of labour, financial innovation, company transactions and cost of capital. According to the business practice it is obvious that the usage of international accounting standards leads to reduction of the information asymmetry between the owners and the managers. By this information asymmetry are growing the costs of equities and are less accurate the economical and financial forecasts. Especially the multinational companies whose subsidiaries had to report for some purposes (e.g. tax, local borrowing, benchmarking) using national accounting rules convert and consolidate their different framework for unified financial statement where they were listed. With the growth of international business transactions by private and public entities, the need to coordinate different investment decisions has increased. A suitable accounting information system can help multinational enterprises accomplish their managerial functions on a global basis. In this viewpoint the adaptation of international accounting standards can promote and support for the business management too.
Genetic improvement of Musa sp. through clonal selection : NRCB Sel. 001 a better substitute for Indian Pisang Awaks (ABB)

Performance of NRCB Sel. 001 was compared with cvs. Karpuravalli of Tamil Nadu, Kanthali of Bihar, Boodida Bokkisa of Andhra Pradesh and Boodi Bale of Karnataka. It was concluded that NRCB Sel. 001 excelled for all the important parameters contributing to yield, 1), pseudostem girth (96.8cm), which makes it as an ideal cultivar for wind prone areas, 2), leaf area (13.852 sq. cm), contributing for the higher yield, 3), higher bunch weight (35.0 kg), more number of hands per bunch (18.4) and more number of fingers per hand (17.3), which have been reflected in the higher yields, 4) well spaced hands defining a cylindrical shape, which facilitates packing, loading and transport with minimal damage. NRCB Sel. 001 also exhibited better fruit quality. The best sugar-acid blend and yellow-life enhanced its preference by the consumers and Kanthali ranked second in terms of performance and yield. These results suggest that NRCB Sel. 001 can very well be also a substitute for local Pisang Awak clones like Boodida Bukkisa, Boodi Bale, local Karpuravalli and Kanthali and most suited for wind prone areas.
A self-report outcome measure for the evaluation of hearing aid fittings and services.

OBJECTIVE To design, optimise and validate an outcome measure for the evaluation of adult hearing aid fittings. DESIGN A multi-dimensional subject-specific and situation-specific questionnaire (the Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile--GHABP) to assess initial disability, handicap, use, benefit, residual disability and satisfaction before and after hearing aid provision. SUBJECTS Hearing-impaired adults attending National Health Service clinics for the first time for whom amplification is an appropriate management option. RESULTS A self-report instrument of length compatible with the requirements of routine clinical practice which retains psychometric leverage. The GHABP demonstrates sensitivity to the technological content and rehabilitative context of interventions. The scale properties facilitate the use of the GHABP in decision-making for individual hearing-impaired patients. CONCLUSION An outcome measure such as the GHABP offers the various interested parties (purchasers, providers and patients) a tool for use in the evaluation of the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of existing services and future developments. Many of the design concepts embodied in the GHABP are applicable in other healthcare contexts.
Episodic hypoxia enhances late hypoxic ventilation in developing rat : putative role of neuronal NO synthase

Gozal, David, and Evelyne Gozal. Episodic hypoxia enhances late hypoxic ventilation in developing rat: putative role of neuronal NO synthase. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 45): R17–R22, 1999. —Nitric oxide (NO) is an excitatory neurotransmitter in the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR). Furthermore, neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) activity in the developing rat correlates with the magnitude of late hypoxic ventilatory depression. To test the hypothesis that repeated short exposures to hypoxia may modify late HVR characteristics in young rats, we conducted 30-min hypoxic challenges in 2to 3-day-old rat pups, before (Pre) and 6 h after (Post) they completed a series of eight cycles consisting of 5 min of hypoxia and 10 min of normoxia (Hyp-Norm) or normoxia throughout (Norm-Norm). In an additional group, similar challenges were performed after administration of either intraperitoneal vehicle or 25 mg/kg 7-nitroindazole (7-NI). Ventilation (V̇E) was measured using whole body plethysmography. Although no changes in peak V̇E responses occurred with episodic hypoxia (Pre vs. Post, P 5 not significant), late V̇E reductions were markedly attenuated in Post (DV̇E from early to late: 7.2 6 1.5 ml/min in Pre vs. 4.5 6 1.1 ml/min in Post; P , 0.002). Furthermore, 7-NI treatment of Post animals was associated with late V̇E reductions to Pre levels in Hyp-Norm-exposed animals. Western blots of protein equivalents from the caudal brain stem revealed increased nNOS expression in Hyp-Norm compared with Norm-Norm (P , 0.01). Current findings suggest that repeated short hypoxic exposures improve the ability to sustain V̇E, which appears to be mediated by increased nNOS expression and activity in brain stem respiratory regions. We postulate that changes in nNOS may play a role in respiratory control plasticity.
Emotional responses of children and adolescents to parents with multiple sclerosis

The effect of a chronic illness of one parent on children is determined by a complicated interaction of various emotional components. Our focus was on the children’s and adolescent’s emotional reactions and feelings towards their multiple sclerosis (MS)-affected parents, including: degree of responsibility, obligation and concern, yielding behaviour and active protection, fear and anxiety related to the state of illness, their sense of burden in connection with household tasks and errands, and anger. Fifty-six children, ages 10=18, each having a parent with MS, were examined. The results were compared to a control group of 156 age-matched children with healthy parents. Feelings were examined by means of a questionnaire previously constructed by us. We found that children of parents with MS felt more responsibility and obligation than children of healthy parents. They also exhibited more yielding behaviour, more fear and anxiety related to states of illness, a greater sense of burden and a greater degree of anger. We consider the interaction between the sex of the parent and the sex of the child in connection with these feelings and discuss the implications of the ‘parental child’ role of these children.
Accumulation of transposable elements in Hox gene clusters during adaptive radiation of Anolis lizards

Transposable elements (TEs) are DNA sequences that can insert elsewhere in the genome and modify genome structure and gene regulation. The role of TEs in evolution is contentious. One hypothesis posits that TE activity generates genomic incompatibilities that can cause reproductive isolation between incipient species. This predicts that TEs will accumulate during speciation events. Here, I tested the prediction that extant lineages with a relatively high rate of speciation have a high number of TEs in their genomes. I sequenced and analysed the TE content of a marker genomic region (Hox clusters) in Anolis lizards, a classic case of an adaptive radiation. Unlike other vertebrates, including closely related lizards, Anolis lizards have high numbers of TEs in their Hox clusters, genomic regions that regulate development of the morphological adaptations that characterize habitat specialists in these lizards. Following a burst of TE activity in the lineage leading to extant Anolis, TEs have continued to accumulate during or after speciation events, resulting in a positive relationship between TE density and lineage speciation rate. These results are consistent with the prediction that TE activity contributes to adaptive radiation by promoting speciation. Although there was no evidence that TE density per se is associated with ecological morphology, the activity of TEs in Hox clusters could have been a rich source for phenotypic variation that may have facilitated the rapid parallel morphological adaptation to microhabitats seen in extant Anolis lizards.
Patient and spouse illness beliefs and quality of life in prostate cancer patients

Objective: Among married prostate cancer (PC) patients, the spouse is often the primary provider of emotional support and personal care. However, few studies have investigated spouses’ illness beliefs (i.e. about disease duration and treatment control) and their impact on patients’ quality of life (QOL). Spouses’ beliefs about disease duration (timeline) were hypothesised to mediate relationships between spouses’ treatment control beliefs and patients’ QOL six months later. Methods: Fifty-three patients who underwent localised treatment for PC, and their spouses, completed an illness beliefs measure (the revised Illness Perception Questionnaire). Patients completed a QOL measure (the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – General) six months later. Results: Spouse timeline beliefs mediated the association between spouse treatment control beliefs and patient QOL six months later (total indirect effect = −0.71, 95% CI 0.02–2.03). That is, spouse beliefs that the treatment would control their loved one's illness led to beliefs that the disease would be of shorter duration, which in turn led to improved patient QOL six months later. This relationship did not occur with patients’ beliefs. Conclusion: Results highlight the important influence of spouse illness beliefs over time on patient QOL with implications for clinical care and dyadic research.
Corporate Governance Mechanism and Earning Management With Integrated Model

Previous studies examining earnings management from accruals perspective even though this model can`t describe the earning management practices completely. It ignored the relationship between accrual and cash transaction. In contrast, this study measuring integrated earnings management proxies i.e. real and accruals earnings management. Real earnings management proxies are measured by abnormal cash flow of operation, abnormal production cost, and abnormal discretionary expenses . While accruals earnings management proxies are measured by short and long term discretionary accruals. The purpose of this study examines the relationship between Corporate Governance mechanism i.e institutional ownership, managerial ownership, the independence of board committee, audit committee, and the size of board committee. The sample are 123 companies listed in JII and 158 companies listed in LQ 45 during 2004-2010 periods. Descriptive qualitative used to measure the mean value of these proxies, then aggregate earning management measured by ranking of them. The regression analysis used to examine the relationship between EM (integrated model) and CG. The results showed that proportional independence board committee, the size of board committee and audit committee have significant effect on EM (prob. vale 0.044;0.046;0.000) but the institutional ownership and managerial ownership have not significant effect on EM. In the future, researcher will continue this model by looking for the relationship EM with other variables such as relevance of accounting information and the explanation power of this model. The mechanism CG should be used CG index.
An optimal early stopping uniform consensus protocol in synchronous distributed systems with orderly crash failures

Most existing consensus protocols for synchronous distributed systems are designed to tolerate crash failures of processes. It has been proved that there is no n-process stopping consensus protocol for synchronous distributed systems that tolerates up to t crash failures, in which all non-faulty processes always decide by the end of round t, where t<n-1 and n is the total number of processes, t is the maximum number of failures that can occur. Furthermore, the well-known lower bound, min (t+1, f+2), has been proved for early stopping synchronous consensus protocols, where f/spl les/t, and f is the number of failures that actually occur in the system. In this paper, we propose a consensus protocol for synchronous distributed systems with orderly crash failures [4], which is both time and message efficient than those existing protocols applied in this failure model. The proposed protocol achieves uniform consensus and tolerates up to t failures, in which all non-faulty processes always make decision and stop immediately by the end of f+1 rounds, where t<n, f/spl les/t. When there is no failure, the protocol can achieve uniform consensus and stop within one round. We prove that the lower bounds of early stopping protocols for both consensus and uniform consensus in orderly crash failure model are f+1 rounds, which ensure our proposed protocol is optimal.
Th1/Th2/Th17 cells imbalance in patients with asthma with and without psychological symptoms.

BACKGROUND The prevalence of psychological symptoms such as anxiety and depression among patients with asthma is high. Both asthma and psychological symptoms are characterized by immune inflammation in which CD4+ T cells play a role. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether T-helper (Th) 1, Th2, and Th17 cells imbalance exists in patients with asthma and with and in patients without psychological symptoms. METHODS The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of T-box 21 (T-bet), GATA binding protein 3 (GATA-3), and RAR-related orphan receptor C (RORC) in peripheral CD4+ T cells of 20 patients with asthma and with psychological symptoms, 30 patients with asthma and without psychological symptoms, and 30 healthy subjects were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. A Luminex-based approach quantified the levels of interferon γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL) 4, and IL-17A cytokines in serum. RESULTS The mRNA expressions of T-bet, GATA-3 and RORC were significantly different among the three groups. Significant elevations of the expressions of T-bet, GATA-3, and RORC mRNA were found in patients with asthma and with psychological symptoms than in healthy subjects, along with the higher levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17A. Increased expressions of T-bet mRNA were found in patients with asthma and with psychological symptoms but not in those without psychological symptoms. However, the ratio of T-bet to GATA-3 was in balance in patients with asthma and with psychological symptoms. CONCLUSION Analysis of our data revealed Th1 and Th2 cells activated in balance in the peripheral blood of patients with asthma and with psychological symptoms, along with activated Th17 cells. This finding provided an improved understanding of the immune-inflammation responses in patients with asthma and with psychological symptoms, and offered information for new targeted therapy to patients with asthma and with psychological symptoms.