Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing sanitation conditions and its impacts on the health status of urban dwellers in Abuakwa, Ghana. A Cross sectional survey

In recent times, issues on sanitation and urban health have attracted numerous attentions worldwide because of the effect it imposes on human health. The situation is worsened mostly in West African countries especially Ghana where sanitation problems have become a serious problem especially in urban areas. As such, this paper explored the effects of sanitations on health of urban residents of Abuakwa in the Atwima Nwabiagya District, Ghana. A sample of 120 was selected randomly from the total population of the community. Questionnaires as data collection instrument were employed for the data collection to collect primary data. Sanitation conditions in Abuakwa, as urban community was found to be poor. Findings from the study revealed that improper disposal of wastes and inadequate toilet facilities were responsible for poor sanitations and sanitation related diseases- cholera, malaria, diarrhoea in Abuakwa. Public toilet facilities which most Abuakwa residents use were found to be poorly managed and inadequate causing people to engage in poor sanitation practices such as open defecation. The study also found that lack of comfortability and privacy, expensiveness of using public toilet facilities, poor management, dirtiness and smelliness of the toilet facilities were the reasons for people’s refusal to pay for accessing public toilet facilities. The study recommends that the people in urban communities should be educated on good sanitation practices and individuals should make an attempt to build toilet facilities in their homes to reduce pressure and congestion on the existing public toilet facilities. Key words: Health, Diseases, Sanitation, Open defecation, Ghana
Innovation and Human Resource Management: the Greek Experience

Innovation and Human Resource Management: the Greek Experience The purpose of this paper is to investigate the pathways leading from innovation to organisational performance by using structural equation modelling. Specifically, we used this analytical tool to test a research framework that is constituted by a set of causal relationships between organisational contingencies, innovation, HRM policies (resourcing, training, rewards, relations), HRM outcomes (skills, attitudes, behaviour), and organisational performance. Employing data from organisations operating in the Greek manufacturing sector, results indicate that the impact of innovation on organisational performance is positive and mediated through HRM policies and HRM outcomes, and moderated by organisational context (management style, organisational culture).
Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy for Hong Kong Students that Engage in Bullying

Research on the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy to reduce aggressive behaviors failed to take into account the potential importance of including content targeting types of aggression. This study addressed this gap by evaluating the effectiveness of such an intervention for Hong Kong secondary students that engage in proactive aggressive behavior or bullying. Using screening procedures, 63 high-risk proactive aggressors (bullies) were identified from 5,025 students and randomly assigned to treatment groups. A significant MANOVA was discovered when 46 participants’ proactive, reactive, verbal, and physical aggre- ssion scores were compared before treatment and at four follow-up assessments after treatment. Proactive, reactive, and physical aggression decreased from pre- test to one-year follow-up suggesting the cognitive-behavioral program was effec- tive. Based on a second MANOVA, however, it was found the program did not lead to increased levels of empathy for the participants. Implications for research on aggression, and programs to reduce aggression such as bullying of secondary school students in Hong Kong and elsewhere are presented.
Biostratigraphy and evolution of Miocene Discoaster spp. from IODP Site U1338 in the equatorial Pacific Ocean

Assemblages of upper lower through upper Miocene Discoaster spp. have been quantified from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Site U1338 in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. These assemblages can be grouped into five broad morphological categories: six-rayed with bifurcated ray tips, six-rayed with large central areas, six-rayed with pointed ray tips, five-rayed with bifurcated ray tips and five-rayed with pointed ray tips. Discoaster deflandrei dominates the assemblages prior to 15.8 Ma. The decline in abundance of D. deflandrei close to the early–middle Miocene boundary occurs together with the evolution of the D. variabilis group, including D. signus and D. exilis. Six-rayed discoasters having large central areas become a prominent member of the assemblages for a 400 ka interval in the late middle Miocene. Five- and six-rayed forms having pointed tips become prominent in the early late Miocene and show a strong antiphasing relationship with the D. variabilis group. Discoaster bellus completely dominates the Discoaster assemblages for a 400 ka interval in the middle late Miocene. Abundances of all discoasters, or discoasters at the species level, show only (surprisingly) weak correlations to carbonate contents or oxygen and carbon isotopes of bulk sediment when calculated over the entire sample interval.
Prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses with abnormal cardiac ultrasound findings

Objectives: To assess the frequency of karyotype abnormalities among fetuses with abnormal cardiac ultrasound findings. Methods: We carried out retrospective analysis of karyotype abnormalities diagnosed between January 2008 and March 2013 in the Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, among fetuses with abnormal cardiac ultrasound findings (n = 92). Only 32 included patients signed informed consent of the invasive prenatal genetic Testing. Results: Out of the 92 pregnancies with abnormal cardiac ultrasound findings, karyotyping revealed a chromosomal abnormality in 50% (16/32) of the cases. Classical autosomal aneuploidies (trisomy 21, 18 and 13) were the most frequent chromosomal abnormalities diagnosed in 43.8% (14/32) of the cases, followed by structural chromosomal rearrangements in 3.1% (1/32) of the cases and one triploidy (69,XXX) in 3,1% (1/32) of the patients. Sex chromosome aneuploidies (45,X or 47,XXX/46,XX) were not diagnosed. Conclusions: Patients with congenital heart defects (CHDs) require multidisciplinary care. Their families deserve up-to-date genetic information, as it is related to their child’s prognosis and to the kindred’s risk for future inheritance of genetic abnormalities associated with cardiac defects.
Dynamic Behavior of Sand / Rubber Mixtures . Part I : Effect of Rubber Content and Duration of Confinement on Small-Strain Shear Modulus and Damping Ratio

The paper examines the small-strain dynamic properties of mixtures composed of sandy soils with recycled tire rubber. For this purpose, the experimental results stemming from a torsional resonant column testing program on twenty four [24] saturated and dry specimens are analyzed. The percentages of rubber used range between 0 and 35 % by mixture weight. GO values increase whereas DTO values decrease systematically as the content of rubber decreases and the mean confining pressure increases. Based on the experimental results we propose an analytical relationship for the estimation of GO, which is expressed in terms of an equivalent void ratio that considers the volume of rubber solids as part of the total volume of voids, along with an analytical relationship for the estimation of DTO. Finally, the effect of the specimen’s size and the duration of confinement on the initial shear modulus and damping ratio of the mixtures are also discussed.
EFL Teachers’ Stress and Job Satisfaction: What Contribution Can Teacher Education Make?

The present study was conducted to find out the level of job satisfaction and stress among Iranian EFL teachers. More precisely, an attempt was made to investigate the main sources of EFL teachers’ stress, their level of satisfaction with the job and the relationship between occupational stress and instructors’ age, marital status and tenure. Using a localized self-reported questionnaire, adapted from Ferguson, Frost, and Hall (2012), data was collected from 149 EFL teachers working in Urmia, Iran. The analysis of the data revealed that 29.93% of the teachers reported feelings of stress in one way or another. In addition, more than one-third of the teachers claimed to be somewhat or very dissatisfied with their job. It was also observed that age, marital status and employment play significant roles in the level of occupational stress perceived by EFL teachers. Suggestions are offered for relieving teachers from stress and how teacher education programmes can contribute.
On computing Belyi maps

We survey methods to compute three-point branched covers of the projective line, also known as Belyi maps. These methods include a direct approach, involving the solution of a system of polynomial equations, as well as complex analytic methods, modular forms methods, and p-adic methods. Along the way, we pose several questions and provide numerous examples.
Public Information Arrival and Emerging Markets Returns and Volatility

Recent findings have heightened the debate about the usefulness of public information in asset markets. Using daily composite and sector index returns, this paper examines the role of public information arrival in an emerging, high-inflation economy like Turkey. The findings reveal that real GDP and industrial production announcements have the most important impact on stock returns. Regarding inflation, nominal stock returns increase in response to unfavorable inflation announcements, but only for the financials sector and partially. Market volatility is more sensitive to news about real GNP, balance of trade, tourism and construction. Implications of the findings for market participants are discussed.
RUNNING HEAD: CAREER COMPROMISE Disengaging from unattainable career goals and re-engaging in more achievable ones

Participants were 181 university students who completed measures of career development (self-efficacy, perceived barriers, distress, planning, and exploration) and goal adjustment capacity (disengagement and re-engagement). We expected (a) that when contemplating unachievable goals, those with a higher capacity to adjust their goals (i.e., to disengage and re-engage) would report less distress, more career planning, and more exploration; and expected (b) that the relationships between goal adjustment and the outcome variables (distress, planning, and exploration) would be moderated by self-efficacy and perceptions of barriers. We found that those with a higher capacity to adjust their goals by disengaging and re-engaging reported more exploration. Less distress was associated with disengagement, but not re-engagement, whereas more planning was associated with re-engagement, but not disengagement. Additionally, we found moderating effects for self-efficacy and perceptions of barriers; that is, having higher levels of efficacy and perceiving fewer barriers protected when goal adjustment capacity was lower.
Bias and equivalence of the Strengths Use and Deficit COrrection Questionnaire in a South African context

Orientation: Developing personnel into skilled employees is a major focus of managers and companies. Doing this in a valid way in a cross-culturally diverse working environment may be challenging. It is, therefore, important to investigate the cultural consistency of new tools that assist managers in reaching these personnel development goals. Research purpose: Determine whether the Strengths Use and Deficit COrrection (SUDCO) questionnaire is universally applicable across the Nguni, Sesotho and West-Germanic language groups in South Africa by evaluating it statistically for bias and equivalence. Motivation for the study: South African personnel management could gain valuable insights and outcomes when they aim to improve both strengths and weaknesses. Research design, approach and method: The study employed semi-stratified sampling. A sample ( N = 658) of employees in the banking sector participated in the study. The research focused on psychometric properties relating to bias, structural equivalence and reliability. Main findings: A four-factor model fitted the data best. This model described perceived organisational support (POS) for strengths use, POS for deficit correction, strengths-use behaviour and deficit-correction behaviour. A multi-group confirmatory factor analysis for the direct comparison of the SUDCO’s fit across the language groups (Nguni, Sesotho and WestGermanic) showed the 33 were unbiased against any of the three language groups and structured into the same four latent constructs. Practical implications: In personnel development, employees and managers should understand the benefits of a combined strengths and deficit approach as relating to different language groups. Contribution: The study contributes to literature a cross-culturally validated measure for the assessment of strengths and deficits.
Management of major depression in pregnancy: A comparison of approaches by psychiatrists and obstetricians and gynecologists

Abstract: Topic: Management of Major Depression in pregnancy: A comparison of approaches by academic Psychiatrists and Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Purpose: Major Depression (MD) can complicate pregnancy outcome. To manage MD during pregnancy, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the American Psychiatric Association (APA) have offered consensual recommendations. This study compares the approaches of academic physicians of these two specialties to manage MD during pregnancy. Methods: A 10 minute survey that assessed individual and self-report practices about managing MD during pregnancy was developed and sent to major academic training programs across the US. Areas assessed include modalities of intervention during mild, moderate, and severe depression, preference for counseling, preference for antidepressant intervention, comparison of use of screening tools between the two specialties, choice of antidepressant and assessment of use of non-pharmacological interventions such as ECT, light therapy and use of alternative medicines such as the Omega three fatty acids. A total of 51 Obstetrics and gynecology training program directors and a total of 18 psychiatry training program directors responded by completing and mailing back the questionnaires. Conclusions: We found that the academic Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the academic Psychiatrists differed in their approach to manage MD during pregnancy under similar circumstances. The two different approaches under similar conditions reflected the level of comfort in their respective practices.
Trust: one dimension or two?

Trust is a concept which has received extensive attention in the marketing literature (for example, Doney & Cannon 1997; Ganesan 1994; Ganesan & Hess 1997; Moorman, Deshpande & Zaltman 1993; Morgan & Hunt 1994; Shemwell & Cronin 1995). Trust has received particular attention as a key concept in relationship marketing (for example, Morgan & Hunt 1994). Two competing models have generally been utilised to represent the trust concept. Whilst trust has frequently been measured using a unidimensional model (for example Doney & Cannon 1997; Dwyer, Schurr & Oh 1987; Larzelere & Huston 1980; Morgan & Hunt 1994, more recently attention has been given to using a two-dimensional approach to modelling the concept (for example Bowen & Shoemaker 1998; Ganesan 1994; Ganesan & Hess 1997; Kumar,Scheer & Steenkamp 1995). Two dimensions, representing benevolence and credibility (or honesty) are the most usually identified separate dimensions of trust. Hence, the decision as to how best to measure trust in marketing related research is confusing, given the equally successful approaches to modelling the concept reported in the literature. Despite this confusion, trust continues to play an important part in marketing research. Having been identified as a key variable in assessment of relationship marketing models (for example Morgan and Hunt 1994), trust is consistently being utilised in increasingly complex relationship marketing models. Therefore, it is important to find some consensus as to how best to measure trust in relationship marketing, especially as the models develop and grow. In addition, treatment of trust as multi-dimensional adds to the complexity of the model building and assessment. Such complexity may be unnecessary, if a two-dimensional model does not provide a substantially better fit than a unidimensional model. Hence, this paper focuses on examining the dimensionality of trust by examining two different measures of trust. The paper also assess empirically Doney and Cannon’s (1997) assertion that trust is better treated as a unidimensional construct.
Geology of Bullfrog quadrangle and ore deposits related to Bullfrog Hills Caldera, Nye County, Nevada, and Inyo County, California

_ _________________________________________ Introduction. ______________________________________ Precambrian rocks. _________________________________ Paleozoic rocks_____________________________________ Daylight Formation. ____________________________ Age and correlation. ________________________ Corkscrew Quartzite. ___________________________ Age and correlation. ________________________ Carrara Formation____________________________ Nopah Formation_____________________________ Pogonip Group,________________________________ Eureka Quartzite. ______________________________ Ely Springs Dolomite. __________________________ Roberts Mountains Formation. __________________ Lone Mountain Dolomite. ______________________ Other Paleozoic rocks. __________________________ Cenozoic rocks and volcanism________________________ Monolithologic. breccia. _________________________ Titus Canyon Formation of Stock and Bode (1935)_ Bullfrog Hills caldera and associated rocks__. ______ Description of the volcanic rocks. ___________ Ash flows__________________________________ Air-fall tuffs__________________________ Rhyolite flows and intrusives_________________ Basalt flows and intrusives___________________ Latite flows and intrusives. __________________ Page Jl 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 8 9 9 11 11 11 11 Cenozoic rocks and volcanism Continued Bullfrog Hills caldera and associated rocks Con. Chemical composition of the rocks ____________ Older gravels_________________________________ Recent alluvium. _______________________________ Structure ___________________________-___---__-----_ Tectonic deformation____________________________ Relation to Walker Lane and Las Vegas Valley shear zone_______________________________ Basin-range faulting_______________________ Volcanic deformation__________-_-_____-_--_--_ Ore deposits associated with the caldera. __. _____-_-___ Fluorspar__ _ ___________________________________ Daisy mine. ___________--__----_----__-_-_Geologic setting. _______________________ Structure of the ore deposit ______________ Nature of the ore_____-_____--_-_-_---__ Production. ____________________________ Origin of the deposit ____________________ Gold________-___--------__---__-_-_-_------__Origin of the deposits. ______________________ Bentonite_ _____________________________________ Quicksilver. _________________-___-___-_------__Perlite___ References cited
Detection of abundant bacteria in the Weser estuary using culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches

To assess the composition and abundant members of the bacterial community in the Weser estuary, Germany, we applied a PCR-dependent approach simultaneously with a PCR- independent approach, the dilution culture technique. Dilution cultures growing in autoclaved ambi- ent water without any nutrient addition from the limnetic, brackish and marine sections of the Weser estuary from May, August and November 1999 yielded growth to a dilution of 10 -6 to 10 -9 , equivalent to a cultivation efficiency of 1.5 to 66%. Bacteria enriched in the highest dilution steps were analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments. The results show that with increasing dilution steps, fewer (in 7 cases only 1) DGGE bands occurred that matched prominent bands in the DGGE patterns of the natural bacterial community. In the 7 cases with only 1 band, almost complete 16S rRNA gene sequences were retrieved, thus extending the lim- ited sequence information provided by the DGGE approach. The dominant phylotypes included bacteria of clusters within α- and β-Proteobacteria, the Flavobacteria/Sphingobacteria group of the Bacteroidetes phylum and Actinobacteria, comprising cultivated strains but also clusters of as yet uncultured phylotypes. Closely related bacteria and phylotypes in most of these clusters are well known from other limnetic and marine systems. We also obtained isolates from the high dilution steps. More than 30% of them, belonging to various clusters within α- and β-Proteobacteria and the Flavobacteria/Sphingobacteria group, had a sequence similarity of <96% to described species. α-Proteobacteria constituted the most abundant phylotypes of the DGGE bands in the high dilution steps and of isolates, whereas Flavobacteria/Sphingobacteria constituted only low proportions. There were pronounced differences in the composition of bacterial communities on solid- and liquid-phase media in enrichment cultures with algal extracts and a preferential growth of γ-Proteobacteria that did not occur in the natural samples and the high dilution steps.
Evaluation of Drought Resistance Indicates for Yield and Its Components in Three Triticale Cultivars

Drought is a wide-spread problem seriously influencing cereal production and quality. The development of triticale cultivars which are tolerant to drought is an objective in many breeding programmes, but so far success has been limited. This study was carried to examine differences in yield and yield components and kernel features among triticale cultivars (Tatlicak 97, Karma 2000 and MIKHAM 2002) under drought stress. Three triticale cultivars with different yield performance were grown in separate experiments under the rain fed and irrigated conditions at Eskisehir, Turkey, in 2006-2007 growing season. In the study, susceptibility index (SSI), stress tolerance index (STI), tolerance (TOL), yield index (YI), yield stability index (YSI), mean productivity (MP) and geometric mean productivity (GMP) were calculated. The best yielding cultivar under the drought stress, hence having a low susceptibility index, was Karma 2000. This cultivar may be utilized for improvement of drought resistance in triticale breeding programmes.
Scanning electron microscopy examination of collagen network morphology at the cartilage, labrum, and bone interfaces in the acetabulum

Sheep acetabula of approximately 1cm 3 in dimension consisting of cartilage, labrum, and bone were prepared for scanning electron microscopy. Examination of collagen architecture at the tissue interfaces fixed by conventional chemical, microwave enhanced chemical and cryo-fixation followed by freeze substitution were compared. Successful cryo-fracturing of dehydrated samples in liquid nitrogen cooled solvent was not possible. However, the specimens became sufficiently brittle when frozen in liquid nitrogen after critical point drying, and fracturing produced more consistent planes allowing imaging of the three interfaces. The labrum/ cartilage interface was best preserved with cryofixation whereas the cartilage/bone interface was better visualized after chemical fixation due to an unidentified substance covering the collagen fibers after cryo-fixation. Finally, the labrum/bone interface was preserved similarly by both chemical and cryo-fixation. For a specimen containing three different tissues types of both hard and soft variety with mixed collagen fiber orientation, it is very demanding to find one fixation method which will enable detailed examination of the collagen fibers.