Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A fast Green's function method for the analysis of IDT's for acousto-optical devices

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) interdigital transducers are key components in X-Y LiNbO/sub 3/ acousto-optical (A-O) devices. SAW interdigital transducers (IDT's) on this substrate exhibit a high spurious resonance that may reduce the A-O efficiency. In this paper we present a detailed analysis of X-Y LiNbO/sub 3/ IDT's based on a fast Green's function method (GFM). In order to correctly evaluate the spurious effects on IDT's performance, we also considered bulk terms of the Green's function. When the GFM is applied to IDT's with general topology and over a wide frequency range, the required computation time can reach quickly unacceptable values for long IDT structures. We developed a new model order reduction technique based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) for the fast generation of the IDT's frequency response. Numerical results for different configurations of X-Y LiNbO/sub 3/ IDT's are in good agreement with measured data and a correct interpretation of the spurious resonance is reported. It is pointed out that bulk wave excitation may be a serious limitation in the design of efficient, wide band IDT's for A-O devices.
Risk of arterial thrombosis in patients with primary chronic immune thrombocytopenia: a Danish population‐based cohort study

Avery, P.J., Jorgensen, A. , Hamberg, A. -K. , Wadelius, M. , Pirmohamed, M. & Kamali, F. (2011) A proposal of an individualised pharmacogeneticsbased warfarin initiation dose regimen for patients commencing anticoagulation therapy. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 90, 701–706. Biss, T.T. , Avery, P.J., Brandão, L.R. , Chalmers, E. A. , Williams, M.D., Grainger, J.D. , Leathart, J.B. , Hanley, J.P., Daly, A.K. & Kamali, F. (2012) VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotype and patient characteristics explain a large proportion of the variability in warfarin dose requirement among children. Blood, 119, 868–873. Kamali, F. & Wynne, H. (2010) Pharmacogenetics of warfarin. Annual Review of Medicine, 61, 63–75. Kato, Y. , Ichida, F. , Saito, K. , Watanabe, K. , Hirono, K. , Miyawaki, T. , Yoshimura, N. , Horiuchi, I. , Taguchi, M. & Hashimoto, Y. (2011) Effect of the VKORC1 genotype on warfarin dose requirements in Japanese pediatric patients. Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, 26, 295– 299. Monagle, P., Chan, A.K. , Goldenberg, N.A. , Ichord, R.N. , Journeycake, J.M. , Nowak-Göttl, U. & Vesely, S.K. (2012) Antithrombotic therapy in neonates and children: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidencebased clinical practice guidelines. Chest, 133, 887S–968S. Moreau, C. , Bajolle, F. , Siguret, V. , Lasne, D. , Golmard, J.-L. , Elie, C. , Beaune, P., Cheurfi, R. , Bonnet, D. & Loriot, M. -A. (2012) Vitamin K antagonists in children with heart disease: height and VKORC1 genotype are the main determinants of the warfarin dose requirement. Blood, 119, 861–867. Nowak-Göttl, U. , Dietrich, K. , Schaffranek, D. , Eldin, N.S. , Yasui, Y. , Geisen, C. & Mitchell, L. G. (2010) In pediatric patients, age has more impact on dosing of vitamin K antagonists than VKORC1 or CYP2C9 genotypes. Blood, 116, 6105–6106. Ruud, E. , Holmstrom, H. , Bergan, S. & Wesenberg, F. (2008) Oral anticoagulation with warfarin is significantly influenced by steroids and CYP2C9 polymorphisms in children with cancer. Pediatric Blood and Cancer, 50, 710–713. The International Warfarin Pharmacogenetics Consortium. (2009) Estimation of the warfarin dose with clinical and pharmacogenetic data. New England Journal of Medicine, 360, 753–764. Wadelius, M. , Chen, L.Y. , Lindh, J.D. , Eriksson, N. , Ghori, M.J., Bumpstead, S. , Holm, L. , McGinnis, R. , Rane, A. & Deloukas, P. (2009) The largest prospective warfarin-treated cohort supports genetic forecasting. Blood, 113, 784– 792.
Assessment of the antiarrhythmic profile of the new class I agent diprafenone.

The antiarrhythmic profile of the new compound diprafenone was evaluated using various dog models relevant to conditions in humans. In 8 animals, dose related effects on intracardiac conduction, atrial and ventricular refractoriness, fibrillation thresholds and on hemodynamics were determined. In this part of the study also the comparative actions of propafenone were assessed (8 animals). IN another 28 dogs the antiarrhythmic and antifibrillatory actions of diprafenone following short-term coronary occlusion and subsequent release were established. In additional 16 animals the effects of diprafenone on "delayed" reperfusion arrhythmias following release of coronary artery occlusion after 2 h and on stimulus-induced ventricular tachycardia in acute myocardial infarction were investigated. The results show: Diprafenone slows conduction through all parts of the AV-conduction system. The AH-interval is significantly prolonged, QRS-duration and ventricular repolarization are slightly lengthened, and both the atrial and ventricular refractory periods and fibrillation thresholds are markedly increased. Heart rate is slowed, aortic pressure and cardiac output are not significantly changed. Following acute short-term coronary artery occlusion, the incidence of ventricular fibrillation is reduced, and the drop in the ventricular fibrillation threshold is diminished. By contrast, the frequency of ventricular fibrillation after release of short-term occlusion is not influenced. "Delayed" reperfusion arrhythmias, however, are completely abolished, and initiation of ventricular tachycardia in myocardial infarction can be easily prevented. With a predominant local anesthetic mechanism of action and a potential additional beta-sympatholytic activity, the new compound displays close similarities to propafenone. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Differ from Other Endothelial Cells in Failing to Express ABO Blood Group Antigens

Most in vitro investigations of endothelial cell function have been based on the behaviour of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in primary tissue culture. However, it is becoming apparent that there is a marked degree of heterogeneity among endothelial cells derived from different vascular beds. We have studied primary HUVEC from 45 umbilical cords. Contrary to previously published reports, we were unable to detect ABO antigens on the surface of cultured HUVEC from group A or B cords. This was not due to an absence of precursor H substance which was uniformly expressed on HUVEC in primary tissue culture. Further investigation revealed an absence of A enzyme activity in A type HUVEC and a level of mRNA only just detectable by RT-PCR. The absence of functional A enzyme activity was confirmed by demonstrating the absence of A substance on von Willebrand factor secreted by A type cells. HUVEC appear to be the only vascular endothelial cells that do not express ABO blood group antigens. We speculate that this may help protect the cord from maternal antibodies during gestation. The lack of ABO blood group antigens on HUVEC may significantly affect their surface function, and therefore care should be taken when extrapolating conclusions from results obtained with these cells (the most widely used human endothelial cell model in vitro) to the properties of adult endothelial cells.
Survey of the Prognosis for Dermatomyositis, with Special Reference to Its Association with Malignancy and Pulmonary Fibrosis

We sent questionnaires to the major dermatological institutions in Japan concerning the course and associations of dermatomyositis (DM). Of 637 cases observed between 1973 and 1983, 68 were children. The mortality rate was 2.9% in children, 47.1% in adult males, and 30.0% in adult females. Associations with malignancies were noted in 30.1% of adults; 112 cases (19.7% of adults) died from these, but surgery improved the signs of DM in 22 cases. The main neoplasms were cancer of the stomach, lung, colon, and breast. Association with pulmonary fibrosis (PF) was observed in 85 cases (14.9% of adults) and, in spite of intensive treatment, 38 cases (6.7%) died from it. In the majority of PF cases who died within 2 months, pulmonary symptoms started within 6 months of the onset of DM. All cases of PF which occurred before the onset of DM survived. The concurrence of PF and malignancies was exceptional. Death from myocardial disease occurred in only 3 cases.
PENSINERGIAN MAHASISWA, DOSEN, DAN LEMBAGA DALAM PENCEGAHAN KECURANGAN AKADEMIK MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI

Mahasiswa merupakan generasi pengubah bangsa ke arah yang lebih baik. Mahasiswa dapat menjadi generasi pengubah bangsa jika mahasiswa memiliki kualitas akademik dan memiliki karakter yang baik. Munculnya berbagai kasus kecurangan akademik menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa belum memiliki karakter yang baik. Kecurangan akademik muncul di berbagai jurusan di perguruan tinggi, tidak terkecuali Jurusan Akuntansi. Sebagian mahasiswa Jurusan Akuntansi adalah mahasiswa yang akan menempati posisi yang cukup strategis, yaitu di bagian keuangan baik di pemerintahan maupun swasta atau perusahaan. Jika lulusan Jurusan Akuntansi melakukan kecurangan akademik, maka ketika mereka bekerja tentunya dapat merugikan tempat mereka bekerja. Banyaknya kecurangan yang terjadi perlu segera diatasi atau dicegah. Pencegahan kecurangan akademik dapat berhasil jika mahasiswa beserta dosen dan lembaga, dalam hal ini jurusan, faklutas, dan universitas mampu bersinergi secara baik. Adanya kerjasama dan komitmen antara mahasiswa, dosen, dan lembaga diharapkan dapat mencegah dan menghilangkan budaya curang di dunia pendidikan khususnya di Jurusan Akuntansi sehingga lulusan yang dicetak memiliki kualitas akademik tinggi dan karakter yang baik. Kata kunci: sinergi, mahasiswa, dosen, lembaga, pencegahan kecurangan akademik
Effect of pretransit mixing on fatal fibrinous pneumonia in calves.

A retrospective, epidemiologic study was performed to quantify the mixing of calves from various sources at auction markets, and to determine whether mixing at the markets and the risk of fatal fibrinous pneumonia (FFP) at the feedlot were associated. In this study, 32,646 spring-born steer calves that entered a single large feedlot during the fall seasons between 1985 and 1988 were traced back to their originating auction market, and sales tickets were used to measure the number of farm sources that contributed to each truckload of calves. Individual cow/calf producers contributed a median of only 2 calves/truckload arriving at the feedlot in this study. An average truckload of 60 steers comprised calves from as many as 20 to 30 farms. The degree of mixing varied little over time and could not, therefore, be used to explain the large variations in FFP risk during different months and different years of the study. However, variation in the degree of mixing of calves from various sources at the markets evidently was responsible for differences in FFP risk among truckloads assembled by different buyers. When truckloads were grouped by buyer, FFP risk and mean number of calves per source were negatively correlated in 1986 (r = -0.67, P = 0.099), and in 1987 (r = -0.90, P = 0.002). These variables also were negatively correlated in 1988 (r = -0.56), although the correlation was not significant. The positive linear relationship between mixing of calves in truckloads supplied by different buyers and subsequent FFP risk suggested that veterinarians and feedlot owners should more aggressively observe and treat calves from truckloads that were highly mixed. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The blood flow in experimental skin flaps in rats studied by means of the 133 xenon clearance method.

The blood flow in skin flaps in rats was studied by 133Xe. Clearance values for two or three parts of the flaps were expressed in per cent of control values for the nonoperated side. Standard-sized skin flaps of different types—double-pedicled, single-pedicled and step-wise formed—were used, and the circulatory variations were studied during the healing period. The blood flow in one of the bases of a double-pedicled flap appeared enhanced during the first postoperative week—possibly owing to a loss of the sympathetic tone due to denervation of the vessels. By cutting the base of a single-pedicled flap at various postoperative intervals the reestablishment of the blood flow over the scar was demonstrated. This was concluded to be the main factor causing postoperative recovery of blood flow. The increase in flow appeared more rapid if the base was divided at an early stage. This observation supports the view that hypoxia stimulates revascularization. A step-wise formation of the flap did not lead to a bette.
Effect of race on biochemical disease-free outcome in patients with prostate cancer treated with definitive radiation therapy in an equal-access health care system: radiation oncology report of the Department of Defense Center for Prostate Disease Research.

PURPOSE To report on the first collaboration of the Department of Defense Center for Prostate Disease Research concerned with the relationship between African American race and biochemical disease-free outcomes after definitive radiation therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information from the medical records of 1,806 patients (1,349 white, 343 African American, 42 of "other" races, and 72 of "unknown" races) treated with definitive radiation therapy between 1973 and 2000 was reviewed. Patients receiving adjuvant hormonal therapy or postoperative adjuvant or salvage radiation therapy were excluded. Biochemical failure was calculated in over 96% of cases by using ASTRO criteria; patients with fewer than three follow-up visits were considered to have biochemical failure with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value more than 10-fold the previous value or with any value greater than 50.0 ng/mL. Median radiation therapy doses were similar. The median follow-up was 58.4 months. Kaplan-Meier tests, Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, and log-rank tests were used for data analysis. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in biochemical disease-free survival according to race when patients were stratified according to T stage. African American race conferred a negative prognosis for patients with lesions of Gleason biopsy score 7 (P =.004) but not for patients with lesions of Gleason score 2-4 (P =.14), 5-6 (P =.79), or 8-10 (P =.86). Similarly, African American race conferred a negative prognosis in patients with PSA values of 20.1-50.0 ng/mL (P =.01) at presentation but not in patients with PSA values less than or equal to 4.0 ng/mL (P =.84), 4.1-10.0 ng/mL (P =.71), 10.1-20.0 ng/mL (P =.75), or above 50.0 ng/mL (P =.15) at presentation. At multivariate analysis, race was not a statistically significant predictor of outcome. CONCLUSION In the equal-access health care system of the Department of Defense, African American race is not associated with a consistently negative prognosis in patients treated with definitive radiation therapy for prostate cancer. Race appears to confer a negative prognosis only in patients with advanced disease at presentation.
Increased cancer screening behavior in women of color by culturally sensitive video exposure.

BACKGROUND Electronic media have demonstrated efficacy in increasing knowledge and promoting health-protective behavior among individuals at high risk for chronic disease. In "Stimulating Cancer Screening among Women of Color through Video" (A. K. Yancey and L. Walden, 1994, J Cancer Educ 9:46-52) the development of a cost-effective documentary format for culturally sensitive health education videos was described. These videos could not be independently evaluated within the cancer control program for which they were developed. METHODS A quasi-experimental study design tested the hypothesis that exposure to these videos increases cervical cancer screening behavior among samples of women from two clinic populations of predominantly low-income African-Americans and Latinos in New York City and Los Angeles. A 1-week-on-1-week-off design was utilized, in which the videos were continuously displayed in designated waiting rooms during on (intervention) weeks, with each facility serving as its own control during off weeks. RESULTS The proportion of women seen as patients during the intervention weeks who subsequently obtained Pap smears was significantly higher than that of those seen during the control weeks at each site (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Culturally sensitive videos displayed in waiting rooms may be useful in health promotion efforts in communities of color. The similarity of results in both clinic sites suggests that Spanish-language tapes may be constructed to appeal to Latinos of different nationalities.
Predators, reproductive parasites, and the persistence of poor males on leks

Lekking males are thought to face strong directional selection on secondary sexual traits. How variation in male traits can persist under these conditions remains problematic (the lek paradox). Here, we present several game-theoretic models that show that avoidance of costly and mobile predators, sneakers, or brood parasites (enemies) leads to variation in female choice. This can result in maintenance of variation in male quality. "Enemies" will congregate around higher quality males. Females must then trade-off the benefits of mating with high-quality males against the increased risk of enemies. At equilibrium, the models predict a positive correlation between the quality of a male and the proportions of both enemies and females visiting him. In the first model, we use this framework to predict the lowest quality male on the lek that will receive any matings. In the second model, we examine the influence of this female-enemy game on the maintenance of variation in male quality. Low-quality males are likely to persist when enemies are costly to females or occur at high density, and when there is some spatial structure on the lek, so that neighboring males are typically of similar quality. If enemies are more costly to males than to females, high-quality males may benefit from receiving fewer female visits. In the third model, we consider the special case when enemies are male reproductive parasites. These models illustrate the importance of considering the simultaneous decisions of multiple players in mate choice games. Copyright 2006.
Prescribing errors in hospital inpatients: a three-centre study of their prevalence, types and causes

Aim To compare the prevalence and causes of prescribing errors in newly written medication orders and how quickly they were rectified, in three NHS organisations. Methods Errors in newly written inpatient and discharge medication orders were recorded in Spring/Summer 2009 by ward pharmacists on medical admissions and surgical wards, as well as the number of erroneous doses administered (or omitted) before errors were corrected. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the effects of ward (nested within organisation) and clinical specialty, and whether the pharmacist had checked the patient's medication history during data collection. Causes were explored using semistructured interviews with key informants. Results Overall, 1025 prescribing errors were identified in 974 of 6605 medication orders (14.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 13.8% to 15.6%). A mean of 0.9 doses were administered (or omitted) before each error was corrected (range 0–11), with differences between specialties and organisations. The error rate on medical admissions wards (16.3%) was significantly higher than that on surgical wards (12.2%), but this was accounted for by the higher proportion of prescribing being on admission, where omission of patients' usual medication was often identified. There were significant differences among wards (and organisations). Contributing factors included lack of feedback on errors, poor documentation and communication of prescribing decisions, and lack of information about patients' medication histories from primary care. Conclusions There were variations among wards, organisations and specialties in error rates and how quickly they were rectified. Exploring reasons for differences between organisations may be useful in identifying best practice and potential solutions.
Studies on hypersensitivity. II. Delayed hypersensitivity to denatured proteins in guinea pigs.

The capacity of denatured proteins to provoke anaphylactic sensitivity and delayed sensitivity in guinea pigs has been investigated. It has been found that heat-denatured proteins are as effective as native proteins in provoking delayed hypersensitivity to either material, in spite of the fact that such denaturation greatly modifies their antigenicity from the point of view of antibody production. Pure delayed hypersensitivity, moreover, occurs regularly in response to extremely minute amounts of a good antigen, whether native or denatured. It is further shown that immunological cross-reactivity can be demonstrated regularly by means of the delayed hypersensitivity reaction in guinea pigs, at a time when no cross-reacting antibodies of conventional type can be found. The significance of these observations in regard to the relationship between delayed hypersensitivity and antibody production is discussed.
Analysis of immune regulatory genes' copy number variants in Graves' disease.

BACKGROUND Copy number variants (CNVs) have recently been reported to be associated with several autoimmune conditions. Moreover, loci involved in immunity are enriched in CNVs. Therefore, we hypothesized that CNVs in immune genes associated with Graves' disease (GD) may contribute to the etiology of disease. METHODS One hundred ninety-one North American Caucasian GD patients and 192 Caucasian controls were analyzed for CNVs in three major immune regulatory genes: CD40, PTPN22, and CTLA-4. Copy number was determined using quantitative-PCR (Q-PCR) assays specifically designed for determining copy numbers in genomic DNA. Additionally, a well-characterized CNV in the amylase gene was typed in a separate dataset of DNA samples that were derived from cell lines or blood. RESULTS No CNVs could be confirmed in the CD40 and CTLA-4 genes, even though a CD40 CNV is cataloged in the Database of Genomic Variants. Only the PTPN22 CNV was confirmed in our cohort, but it was rare and appeared in only two individuals. A key finding was that the source of DNA has a significant effect on CNV typing. There was a statistically significant increase in amylase locus deletions in cell line-derived DNA compared to blood-derived DNA samples. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that CNV analysis should be performed only using blood-derived DNA Samples. Additionally, the CTLA-4, CD40, and PTPN22 loci do not harbor CNVs that play a role in the etiology of GD.
The Long-Run Growth in Obesity as a Function of Technological Change

This paper analyzes the forces contributing to the worldwide long-run rise in obesity and the role of public interventions in affecting its continued growth. A growth in obesity in a population must result from the growth of calorie consumption outpacing the growth of physical activity. Yet historically in developed countries, obesity has grown with modest rises in calorie consumption and with a substantial increase in both exercise and dieting. We consider the economic incentives that give rise to the long-run growth in obesity by stimulating intake of calories at the same time as discouraging the expending of calories on physical activity, whether in work or leisure. We argue that technological change provides a natural interpretation of the long-run growth in obesity, that it predicts that the effect of income on obesity changes from positive to negative with economic development, and that it implies that technological change may not continue to raise weight. We discuss the positive and normative impacts of direct and indirect public interventions to reduce obesity.