Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A stress-inducible rat liver endoplasmic reticulum protein, ERp29.

We have isolated, cDNA cloned and characterised a 29-kDa protein (ERp29), containing a C-terminal endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-retrieval signal, from the rat liver ER. ERp29 was induced to high levels in the rat hepatoma cells under metabolic stress conditions known to cause an aberrant accumulation of proteins in the ER [(e.g. culture in presence of the Ca2+ ionophore A23187, inhibitors of Ca2+-ATPase (thapsigargin), intracellular protein transport (brefeldin A), or protein N-glycosylation (tunicamycin)]. Experimental evidence of its localisation in the luminal compartment of the ER was obtained by topology studies including immunofluorescence microscopy, in vitro translation and proteinase protection assay. ERp29 constitutes about 0.1% of the rat hepatic microsomal proteins and is constitutively expressed in all rat tissues examined, as evident from northern blot analysis. In rat hepatoma cells ERp29 was found to be associated with the abundant molecular chaperone/stress protein BiP/GRP78 and this interaction was significantly enhanced after treatment with tunicamycin and A23187. Taken together, these results suggest that ERp29 is a member of the stress-response machinery of the ER.
A single substitution in the putative helix‐turn‐helix motif of the pleiotropic activator PrfA attenuates Listeria monocytogenes virulence

Prf A, the regulator of virulence‐gene expression in the pathogenic bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, displays sequence similarity to members of the CAP‐FNR family of transcriptional regulators. To test the functional significance of this similarity, we constructed and analysed substitutions of two amino acids of Prf A predicted to contact DNA, i.e. Ser‐184 and Ser‐183. Substitution of Ser‐184 by Ala reduced DNA binding and virulence‐gene activation, and attenuated the virulence in a mouse model of infection. In contrast, substitution of Ser‐183 by Ala had the opposite effect in these functional assays. A 17bp DNA sequence, which includes a putative PrfA site, was shown to be sufficient for target‐site recognition by PrfA and PrfA‐S183A. Our results strongly support the hypothesis that PrfA is a structural and functional homologue of CAP. In addition, they establish a clear correlation between DNA binding by PrfA, virulence‐gene activation, and virulence.
Pengaruh Kompetensi, Independensi, dan Profesionalisme Auditor Internal Terhadap Kualitas Audit

The financial statements are used as consideration in decision making for the management of the company. Internal auditor's role is important for corporate sustainability. This is because internal audits are required as internal controls. Then the quality of the resulting audit depends on the competence, independence and also the auditor's own professionalism. The purpose of this study is to test empirically the influence of competence, independence and professionalisme internal auditors on audit quality in Semarang manufacturing company. Sampling method used is purposive sampling. The results showed that there is influence of competence, independence and professionalism on audit quality. Abstrak Laporan keuangan digunakan sebagai pertimbangan dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk pihak manajemen perusahaan. Peran internal auditor penting bagi keberlanjutan perusahaan. Hal tersebut dikarenakan audit internal diperlukan sebagai pengendalian internal.Maka kualitas audit yang dihasilkan bergantung dari kompetensi, independensi dan juga profesionalisme auditor itu sendiri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh kompetensi, independensi dan profesioanlisme auditor internal terhadap kualitas audit di perusahaan manufaktur Semarang. Metoda penentuan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh kompetensi, independensi dan profesionalisme terhadap kualitas audit
Activation of Transforming Growth Factor β in Chondrocytes Undergoing Endochondral Ossification

Transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) has well‐documented roles in chondrocyte maturation and endochondral ossification, but the mechanisms of TGF‐β activation during these processes remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed TGF‐β activation in chick embryo resting, proliferating, and hypertrophic chondrocytes in culture. We found that both levels and activation of TGF‐β increased substantially with maturation. The majority of TGF‐β produced by resting cells over culture time remained latent, but a larger portion produced by proliferating and hypertrophic cells was activated with increasing maturation. Zymography of gelatin gels revealed that matrix metalloprotease 2 (MMP‐2) and MMP‐9 were expressed by each population and that MMP‐13 characterized hypertrophic chondrocytes and to a lesser extent proliferating chondrocytes in late cultures. Treatment with pharmacologic agents revealed that both MMPs and serine proteases are involved in activation. However, because inhibition of MMPs almost completely prevented TGF‐β activation, MMPs appear crucial for activation. During culture, inclusion of the tetracycline‐derived, collagenase/gelatinase inhibitor chemically modified nonantimicrobial tetracycline (CMT‐8) at concentrations specific for MMP‐13 inhibition resulted in complete inhibition of TGF‐β activation by proliferating and hypertrophic chondrocytes. These results show that TGF‐β production, release, and activation are regulated developmentally in chondrocytes. Our findings point to a strict mode of regulation of this potent factor to elicit diverse and highly specific effects during chondrocyte maturation and ossification.
Abhidhamma Studies: Buddhist Explorations of Consciousness and Time

The delightful, thought-provoking Abhidhamma Studies: Buddhist Explorations of Consciousness and Time by the Venerable Nyanaponika Thera is the fourth incarnation of a text originally composed shortly after World War II, published in 1949 (Frewin and Co., Ltd.). The Buddhist Publication Society issued a second, revised and enlarged edition in 1965 as well as a third edition, with relatively minor corrections, in 1976. The present edition, edited by Bhikkhu Bodhi, incorporates a variety of welcome changes, reflecting considerable effort and devotion to the task. In addition to authoring a superb introductory essay, Bodhi has `̀ reformulated a few awkward sentences . , reorganized the notes, provided additional references, and supplied a bibliography'' (p. viii). Perhaps the most intriguing and potentially significant change is evident in the title itself. Originally subtitled Researches in Buddhist Psychology, an apt but relatively uninformative description of its contents, the title now announces, even to the uninitiated, the book's unique, captivating subject matter: Buddhist Explorations of Consciousness and Time. This book is essential reading for any serious student of Buddhism. Additionally, it will appeal to those interested in a wide variety of both phenomenological and ontological issues: the manifold of experience, the nature of consciousness, the analysis of time, concepts of anattaÅ (ego selflessness) and pat Ç icca-samuppaÅda (dependent origination), and so forth. An intermediate to advanced level of familiarity and understanding of basic Buddhist doctrines is recommended. It will prove particularly useful to scholars and students who have been intimidated by the vast, often cryptic, Abhidhamma literature. Apparently, the Buddha and his teachings were as enticing and yet profoundly puzzling and enigmatic to his contemporaries and followers as they remain to millions today. They challenge everything we commonly take to be real. That which appears substantial, we are told, is not. Contrary to our own (unexamined) inner/ subjective experience, as well as the teachings of most major world religions, we neither are nor have a self, for there is no self either to be or to have. The attempt to reconcile the teachings of the Buddha with existing beliefs and assumptions concerning the nature of reality led to a proliferation of competing philosophical schools. Each school developed its own distinctive Abhidhamma literature, ostensibly representing a deeper understanding of the teachings of the Buddha. In practice, the literature served to distinguish one school from another, guarding against and/or
MicroRNAs in heart failure: from biomarker to target for therapy

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized to play important roles in cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure. These small, non‐coding RNAs have been identified in tissue and are involved in several pathophysiological processes related to heart failure, such as cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. As a result, miRNAs have become interesting novel drug targets, leading to the development of miRNA mimics and antimirs. MicroRNAs are also detected in the circulation, and are proposed as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in heart failure. However, their role and function in the circulation remains to be resolved. Here, we review the potential roles of miRNAs as circulating biomarkers and as targets for therapy.
Adoption of financial technology (Fintech) in mutual fund/ unit trust investment among Malaysians: unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT).

Disruptive innovation is related to financial technology and known as FinTech. It includes design, delivery, and provider of financial investment services such as payments, real estate, investment, insurance/ takaful, deposits, financing, banking, saving and capital market. This study is about Adoption of Financial Technology (FinTech) in mutual fund/ unit trust investment among Malaysians: Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The study aims to identify the level of financial technology consumption in mutual fund/ unit trust among investors in Malaysia. The objectives of this research are: 1) to determine the level of awareness on FinTech application in mutual fund/ unit trust investment; 2) to examine the adoption of FinTech in mutual fund/ unit trust investment. The objectives will explore on how FinTech changes the customers in terms of to what extent Malaysians have adopted FinTech so far. The research methodology in an adoption of FinTech service in mutual fund/ unit trust was conducted through questionnaires survey. This study assists participants in financial service management to take advantage of the opportunities offered by FinTech services. Developing the effective and systematic framework is a must for FinTech service especially in mutual fund/ unit trust investment. Implementation of FinTech will provide service improvement and transformation for investment management services in future.
Algebraic Structures for Multi-Terminal Communication Systems-Thesis Proposal

In this work, we study a distributed source coding problem with multiple encoders, a central decoder and a joint distortion criterion. The encoders observe correlated sources which they quantize and communicate to a central decoder through a rate constrained, noiseless channel. The objective is to minimize the distortion as measured by a joint distortion criterion that depends on the sources and the reconstruction. We are interested in characterizing a computable inner bound to the optimal rate-distortion region. We first consider a special case of the general problem where the sources are jointly Gaussian and the decoder is interested in reconstructing a linear function of the sources under mean square error distortion criterion and present an achievable rate-distortion region. We demonstrate a coding scheme involving structured nested lattice codes that achieves this bound by encoding in such a fashion that the decoder is able to reconstruct the function directly. For certain source distributions, this approach yields a larger ratedistortion region compared to when the decoder reconstructs lossy versions of the sources first and then estimates the function from them. We then extend this approach to the case of reconstructing a linear function of an arbitrary number of jointly Gaussian sources. Next, we consider the general distributed source coding problem involving multiple discrete sources and a central decoder with a joint distortion criterion. This formulation includes as a special case the problem of computing a function of the sources to within some distortion and also the classic SlepianWolf problem, Berger-Tung problem, Wyner-Ziv problem, Yeung-Berger problem and the Ahlswede-KornerWyner problem. We present a new achievable rate-distortion region for this problem based on “good” structured nested random codes built over abelian groups. We demonstrate rate gains for this problem
EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERNAL AUDIT IN THE NIGERIAN PUBLIC SECTOR

This paper was generally designed to evaluate the effectiveness of internal audit in the Nigerian Public Sector. It had 3 specific objectives, 3 research questions and 3 hypotheses. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 4 of the Federal Government Parastatals located in Enugu State of Nigeria. A study population of 182 made up of 127 accountants and 55 internal auditors in the Parastatals was utilized. A self - structured questionnaire, using a four-point modified Likert a scale was the instrument for data collection. 168 respondents that correctly completed and returned their questionnaire formed the sample size for the study. While mean was employed in data analysis chi-square was used to test the postulated hypothesis. The study found, among other things, that in spite of availability of adequate punishments, they were not effectively applied across boards for violations of internal audit procedures. It concluded that efforts should be geared towards updating the knowledge of internal auditors rather than engaging in interminable search for error-proof internal audit procedures. The paper recommended a thorough and transparent recruitment process for internal audits.
Contrôle optimal d'équations différentielles avec - ou sans - mémoire

La these porte sur des problemes de controle optimal ou la dynamique est donnee par des equations differentielles avec memoire. Pour ces problemes d'optimisation, des conditions d'optimalite sont etablies ; celles du second ordre constituent une part importante des resultats de la these. Dans le cas - sans memoire - des equations differentielles ordinaires, les conditions d'optimalite standards sont renforcees en ne faisant intervenir que les multiplicateurs de Lagrange pour lesquels le principe de Pontryaguine est satisfait. Cette restriction a un sous-ensemble des multiplicateurs represente un defi dans l'etablissement des conditions necessaires et permet aux conditions suffisantes d'assurer l'optimalite locale dans un sens plus fort. Les conditions standards sont d'autre part etendues au cas - avec memoire - des equations integrales. Les contraintes pures sur l'etat du probleme precedent ont ete conservees et necessitent une etude specifique a la dynamique integrale. Une autre forme de memoire dans l'equation d'etat d'un probleme de controle optimal provient d'un travail de modelisation avec l'optimisation therapeutique comme application medicale en vue. La dynamique de populations de cellules cancereuses sous l'action d'un traitement est ramenee a des equations differentielles a retards ; le comportement asymptotique en temps long du modele structure en âge est egalement etudie.
The significance of a rapid cold hemagglutination test for detecting mycoplasma infections in children with asthma exacerbation.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is a frequent cause of community-acquired respiratory infections in children and adults. However, standardized, rapid, specific methods for its diagnosis are lacking. The relationship between M. pneumoniae infection and asthma exacerbation has been recently discussed in the literature. We investigated the accuracy of rapid detection of mycoplasma infection by cold hemagglutination test compared to conventional enzyme immunoassays. The clinical characteristics of mycoplasma infection seen during emergent visits in asthmatic children were reviewed. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients with asthma exacerbation visiting the Department of Pediatric Emergency, National Taiwan University Hospital, over a 12-month period. Subjects 2-18 years of age diagnosed with asthma at our outpatient clinic were included in this study. Patients with immunodeficiency, congenital anomalies, neurological diseases and irregular follow-up were excluded. RESULTS A total of 269 children (174 males and 95 females) with a mean (+/- standard deviation) age of 6.15 +/- 3.08 years were included. The prevalence of asthma exacerbation in regular follow-up patients was 13.4%, and as many as 19.6% of cases (74/378 person-times) required hospitalization. Asthma attacks were most prevalent during December. 126 patients had both rapid cold hemagglutination testing and mycoplasma immunoglobulin M titers determined using acute blood samples drawn in the emergency room; 46 (36.5%) of these patients demonstrated mycoplasma infection. Sensitivity and specificity of the rapid cold hemagglutination test was 78.3% and 41.3%, respectively. The positive predictive value was 43.4%. Comparison of patients with or without mycoplasma infection revealed no differences in gender, age, chest X-ray findings, and most symptoms/signs and laboratory data, except that more signs of fever and auscultatory rales were seen in the non-mycoplasma infection group. CONCLUSIONS Mycoplasma infections could be an exacerbating factor for asthma, and the rapid cold hemagglutination test should not be a guideline for prescribing macrolides in the emergency room.
Cost-Effective Class-Imbalance Aware CNN for Vehicle Localization and Categorization in High Resolution Aerial Images

Joint vehicle localization and categorization in high resolution aerial images can provide useful information for applications such as traffic flow structure analysis. To maintain sufficient features to recognize small-scaled vehicles, a regions with convolutional neural network features (R-CNN) -like detection structure is employed. In this setting, cascaded localization error can be averted by equally treating the negatives and differently typed positives as a multi-class classification task, but the problem of class-imbalance remains. To address this issue, a cost-effective network extension scheme is proposed. In it, the correlated convolution and connection costs during extension are reduced by feature map selection and bi-partite main-side network construction, which are realized with the assistance of a novel feature map class-importance measurement and a new class-imbalance sensitive main-side loss function. By using an image classification dataset established from a set of traditional real-colored aerial images with 0.13 m ground sampling distance which are taken from the height of 1000 m by an imaging system composed of non-metric cameras, the effectiveness of the proposed network extension is verified by comparing with its similarly shaped strong counter-parts. Experiments show an equivalent or better performance, while requiring the least parameter and memory overheads are required.
Assessment of two penicillins plus beta-lactamase inhibitors versus cefotaxime in treatment of murine Klebsiella pneumoniae infections

The in vivo efficacies of piperacillin, piperacillin plus tazobactam, ticarcillin, ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid, piperacillin plus clavulanic acid, and cefotaxime were compared in a mouse model of pneumonia induced by the SHV-1 beta-lactamase-producer Klebsiella pneumoniae. Each antibiotic was injected either once intraperitoneally at 24 h postinfection or at repeated times during 24 h. The efficacies of the drugs and therapeutic protocols were assessed by counting viable bacteria recovered from the lungs of mice sacrificed at selected times. No emergence of beta-lactam-resistant organisms was detected. Ticarcillin at 300 mg/kg was ineffective. Repeated injections of piperacillin at 300 mg/kg, either alone or in combination with tazobactam (8:1), led to a significant decrease in bacterial counts, but this was followed by bacterial regrowth. The pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrated that this short-lasting antibacterial effect was not due to a failure of piperacillin and/or tazobactam to penetrate the lungs. The combinations of ticarcillin at 300 mg/kg plus clavulanic acid (15:1) and piperacillin at 300 mg/kg plus tazobactam (4:1) were proven to be effective in that they decreased the bacterial burden in the lungs from 10(5) to < 10(3) CFU. This dose effect of tazobactam can be explained by its dose-dependent penetration in the lungs. Cefotaxime at 100 mg/kg and the combination of piperacillin (slightly hydrolyzed by SHV-1) at 300 mg/kg plus clavulanic acid (15:1) led to the best efficacy. Both of these treatments induced a decrease in bacterial counts of nearly 4 log10 units. The survival rates correlated with the quantitative measurements of in vivo bacterial killing. These experimental results obtained from the restricted animal model used here may help in the design of further protocols for clinical trials.
Huntsville, hospitals, and hockey teams: Names can reveal your location

Geolocation is the task of identifying a social media user’s primary location, and in natural language processing, there is a growing literature on to what extent automated analysis of social media posts can help. However, not all content features are equally revealing of a user’s location. In this paper, we evaluate nine name entity (NE) types. Using various metrics, we find that GEO-LOC, FACILITY and SPORT-TEAM are more informative for geolocation than other NE types. Using these types, we improve geolocation accuracy and reduce distance error over various famous text-based methods.
Heart Rate in Caged Macaca fascicularis

Electrocardiograms were recorded hourly for five days in 16 caged Macaca fascicularis by means of a miniaturized ECG transmitter connected to two chest leads. The lowest heart rates were 135 ± 35 (mean ± SD, n = 31) beats/min at 5 a.m., and the highest were 192 ± 22 (n = 29) beats/min at 3 p.m. Sinus arrhythmia was common. Eight of the animals were trained to exercise in a specially designed enclosed treadmill; their heart rates were recorded daily during two 10‐min periods of running at 3.4 km/h. Transfer of the monkeys (n = 40) to the treadmill increased heart rate from 186 ± 24 to 228 ± 23 beats/min; exercise further increased it to 271 ± 8 beats/min.
Shyness and the first 100 ms of emotional face processing

Although shyness is presumed to be related to an increased sensitivity to detect motivationally salient social stimuli, we know little of how shyness affects the early perception of facial emotions. We demonstrate here that individual differences in normative shyness were related to brain responses to some emotional faces as early as the P1 electrocortical component, 80–130 ms after stimulus onset. High-shy individuals showed reduced P1 amplitude for fearful faces compared to neutral faces. Low-shy individuals processed happy faces faster than other emotions and showed increased P1 amplitudes for happy faces over neutral faces. Regardless of shyness level, participants showed increased amplitudes in the N170 component (130–200 ms) for all emotions over neutral conditions, particularly for the emotion of fear. This study presents the first evidence that shyness is related to early electrocortical responses to the processing of fearful faces, consistent with a fast-path amygdala sensitivity model.