Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biomarkers in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a comparison with biomarkers in cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes

Purpose of reviewThis review summarizes biomarkers in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA). Broadly, the markers are classified under protein, cellular, gene expression and genetic markers. We also compare the biomarkers in sJIA to biomarkers in cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS). Recent findingsRecent publications showing the similarity of clinical response of sJIA and CAPS to anti-interleukin 1 therapies prompted a comparison at the biomarker level. SummarysJIA traditionally is classified under the umbrella of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. At the clinical phenotypic level, sJIA has several features that are more similar to those seen in CAPS. In this review, we summarize biomarkers in sJIA and CAPS and draw upon the various similarities and differences between the two families of diseases. The main differences between sJIA and CAPS biomarkers are genetic markers, with CAPS being a family of monogenic diseases with mutations in NLRP3. There have been a small number of publications describing cellular biomarkers in sJIA with no such studies described for CAPS. Many of the protein marker's characteristics of sJIA are also seen to characterize CAPS. The gene expression data in both sJIA and CAPS show a strong upregulation of innate immunity pathways. In addition, we describe a strong similarity between sJIA and CAPS at the gene expression level in which several genes that form a part of the erythropoiesis signature are upregulated in both sJIA and CAPS.
Predictive Biomarkers and Personalized Medicine Quanti fi cation of Excision Repair Cross-Complementing Group 1 and Survival in p 16-Negative Squamous Cell Head and Neck Cancers

Purpose: Multimodality treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) often involves radiotherapy and cisplatin-based therapy. Elevated activity of DNA repair mechanisms, such as the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, of which ERCC1 is a rate-limiting element, are associated with cisplatin and possibly RT resistance. We have determined excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) expression in human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative SCCHN treated with surgery [ adjuvant radiotherapy/chemoradiation (CRT)]. Experimental Design: We assessed ERCC1 protein expression in archival tumors using immunofluorescence staining and automatic quantitative analysis (AQUA)with three antibodies to ERCC1 (8F1, FL297, and HPA029773). Analysis with Classification and Regression Tree (CART) methods ascertained the cutoff points betweenhigh/lowERCC1expression.Multivariable analysis adjusted for age, T, andNstage. Kaplan– Meier curves determined median survival. ERCC1 expression at initial tumor presentation and in recurrent disease were compared. Performance characteristics of antibodies were assessed. Results: ERCC1 low/high groupswere defined on the basis of AQUA analysis with 8F1/2009, FL297, and HPA029773. Among patients treated with surgery plus adjuvant radiotherapy/CRT, longer median survival was observed in ERCC1-low versus ERCC1-high tumors (64 vs. 29 months; P 1⁄4 0.02; HPA029773). Data obtained with HPA029773 indicated no survival difference among patients treated only with surgery. Recurrent cancers had lower ERCC1 AQUA scores than tumors from initial presentation. Extensive characterization indicated optimal specificity and performance by the HPA029773 antibody. Conclusions: Using AQUA, with the specific ERCC1 antibody HPA029773, we found a statistical difference in survival among high/low-ERCC1 tumors from patients treated with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Clin Cancer Res; 19(23); 6633–43. 2013 AACR.
Appendicitis in Pregnancy: Presentation, Management and Complications

Background: Diagnosis of acute appendicitis in pregnancy is difficult. Delay operation, increase complications. Objectives: This study focused on early operation on base of careful history, precise physical examination, and rational close observation and evaluates its results with conventional investigation in pregnant women suspected acute appendicitis. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study in100 pregnant women and 100 aged matched non pregnant women underwent appendectomy during Sep 2011 Dec 2014. The data were analyzed by chi-square test through SPSS 16.0. Results: Age 16 37 years, mean age in pregnant women and no pregnant women were24.75 ± 4.4 and 27.56 ± 6.53 years (P > 0.05), respectively. 20 25 years age group, were more frequent = 44%. 70% patients were gravid 1, mean hospital stay in pregnant women, and non-pregnant women were 48 ± 6 and 85.2 ± 43.19 hours (P value < 0.001. respectively. acute appendicitis was confirmed histological in non-pregnant was 72%, but In pregnant women 62%, most cases were in the third Trimester 66% (n = 41). Peri umbilical pain, with migration to the right lower quadrant, was in 75% of patients. Right-lower-quadrant pain was the most common presenting symptom. Diagnosis (62%) was made on base care full history and precise physical examination and close observation of 12 ± 8 hours. there were no maternal and fetal complications related to all of the appendectomies during the all trimester up to delivery
Compensatory effect of the minor Streptomyces lividans type I signal peptidases on the SipY major signal peptidase deficiency as determined by extracellular proteome analysis

The developmentally complex bacterium Streptomyces lividans has the ability to produce and secrete a significant amount of protein and possesses four different type I signal peptidase genes (sipW, sipX, sipY and sipZ) that are unusually clustered in its chromosome. 2‐DE and subsequent MS of extracellular proteins showed that proteins with typical export signals for type I and type II signal peptidases are the main components of the S. lividans secretome. Secretion of extracellular proteins is severely reduced in a strain deficient in the major type I signal peptidase (SipY). This deficiency was efficiently compensated by complementation with any of the other three signal peptidases as deduced from a comparison of the corresponding 2‐D PAGE patterns with that of the wild‐type strain.
The role of personality, parents and peers in adolescents career exploration.

The role of individual characteristics, parental behaviours and peers for occupational exploration was examined in a sample of 192 German ninth graders (80 girls, 112 boys) from middle-track schools. The adolescents completed questionnaires at two points of measurement which were 6 months apart. The results showed that individual characteristics which reflected an active and constructive approach to developmental demands were correlated with more intense occupational exploration. Child-centred parental behaviours were also correlated positively with information-seeking behaviours. Moreover, parental behaviours predicted change in exploration over the observed time period. Concerning the role of peers which was often neglected in career development theory, the results showed that frequent talks with peers about career-related issues were significantly associated with the intensity of information-seeking behaviours and, at the same time, predicted an intensification of occupational exploration during the following 6-month period. The findings suggest that it would be fruitful to consider more thoroughly the role of peers in future research on adolescents' career development.
Dairy Products, Calcium and the Risk of Breast Cancer: Results of the French SU.VI.MAX Prospective Study

The aim was to estimate the association between dairy products (total and their subgroups), calcium intake and the risk of breast cancer. As few studies have considered menopausal status, we also investigated stratified analyses. This analysis included 3,627 women from the French SU.VI. MAX study, among whom 92 developed breast cancer during the follow-up period. Food consumption was assessed based on five 24-hour records completed during the previous 18 months to follow-up. Calcium intake was calculated using an ad-hoc food composition database. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate relative risk (RR), comparing 4th quartile vs. 1st quartile, and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). A lower risk of breast cancer was observed with high total dairy product consumption in the whole population (RR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.29–1.03, ptrend = 0.03) and among premenopausal women with a RR of 0.35 (95% CI = 0.12–0.95, ptrend = 0.01). None of these associations remained after control for calcium intake. Increasing calcium intake was inversely associated with breast cancer risk considering the whole population (RR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.27–0.91, ptrend = 0.04) and among the subgroup of premenopausal women (RR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.10–0.71, ptrend = 0.01) respectively. Our data support the hypothesis that dairy products, through calcium content or a correlated component, might have a negative association with the risk of breast cancer, particularly among premenopausal women.
A randomized, active‐control, pilot trial of front‐loaded dosing regimens of darbepoetin‐alfa for the treatment of patients with anemia during chemotherapy for malignant disease

The recent report by Glaspy et al. on high-dose ‘front-loading’ followed by lower maintenance dosing of darbepoetin alfa in anemic patients receiving chemotherapy for malignant disease illustrates the ongoing need to optimize the dosing and scheduling of erythropoietic agents to maximize patient benefit. The potential benefits of front-loading include timelier responses to therapy, increased response rates, and earlier identification of nonresponders; however, front-loaded darbepoetin alfa falls short of providing these benefits in the study conducted by Glaspy and colleagues. The hematologic responses reported in patients receiving frontloaded darbepoetin alfa did not appear to be any more rapid or robust than the responses previously reported by Glaspy et al. in patients receiving 2.25 g/kg darbepoetin alfa once weekly, the dose recommended by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). As evidenced by the overlapping confidence intervals, there was no statistical difference between the darbepoetin alfa arms and the epoetin alfa arm in terms of the mean change in hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Glaspy and colleagues state that limited sample sizes diminished the ability of the study to make statistical comparisons involving these groups, but at the same time, they report an unambiguous trend in favor of darbepoetin alfa. Any comparison is further confounded by a miscalculation of the mean change in Hb levels reported at Week 4 in the epoetin alfa arm; the limits of the confidence interval suggest that the mean change should be 0.61 g/dL, rather than 0.39 g/dL. Furthermore, the inclusion of two different agents in the study makes it impossible to conclude whether it was the dosing schedule or the study drug that was responsible for the lack of any observed difference in efficacy. A more conclusive assessment might have involved comparison of front-loaded darbepoetin alfa with the standard, FDA-approved regimen of 2.25 g/kg darbepoetin alfa administered once weekly. It also is noteworthy that the increases in Hb levels observed in the epoetin alfa arm were inconsistent with previous results from 3000 anemic patients with cancer who received chemotherapy along with 40,000 units (U) epoetin alfa once weekly. One possible factor is the dose escalation of epoetin alfa at Week 6 in the study conducted by Glaspy et al., as dose escalation at Week 4 is recommended by the current guidelines of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Glaspy and colleagues rightfully explore new dosing regimens that have the potential to act more rapidly against anemia and its symptoms in patients receiving chemotherapy for malignant disease. Unfortunately, the front-loaded doses of darbepoetin alfa that were evaluated did not increase Hb levels any more rapidly than did 2.25 g/kg darbepoetin alfa or 40,000 U epoetin alfa administered once weekly. Future 1545
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder treatment: what are the long-term cardiovascular risks?

Introduction: This drug safety review provides an update on the long-term cardiovascular risks of therapeutic stimulant class medication for children and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Areas covered: Relevant literature on the long-term (defined as ≥ 12 months) cardiovascular effects of stimulant class medications for ADHD was sought using PubMed searches for clinical literature, epidemiological reports, as well as reviews of post-marketing data and clinical guidelines/consensus statements. Comparison was made to the non-stimulant atomoxetine. Expert opinion: Long-term cardiovascular risks of stimulants for healthy children and adults with ADHD are limited to minor mean elevations in blood pressure (≤ 7 mmHg) and heart rate (≤ 10 bpm). In a sizeable minority of individuals these elevations are greater and/or reach a clinical threshold. Subjective complaints may also be anticipated during long-term treatment, yet without an increase in serious cardiac outcomes above background rates per age. Future research is needed on possible latent or cumulative cardiovascular risks in healthy individuals, as well as the longer-term cardiovascular safety in vulnerable populations.
Prevalence and incidence of Wegener's granulomatosis in the UK general practice research database.

OBJECTIVE Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology. The UK General Practice Research Database (GPRD) contains the complete primary care records of approximately 3.6 million people. There are no data on the incidence and prevalence of WG from primary care. The aim of the study was to estimate the incidence and prevalence of WG in the GPRD population. METHODS We identified all patients who had a first diagnosis of WG during 1990-2005, using Oxford Information System and Read codes. The diagnosis was verified by review of a randomly selected sample of 35 records that had identifying data removed. The annual incidence was calculated as the number of incident cases divided by the total person-years. RESULTS A total of 295 patients (51.2% male) with a first diagnosis of WG were identified during 1990-2005. The median age was 59 years (interquartile range 47-70 years). The overall annual incidence of WG was 8.4 per million (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 7.5-9.4). The annual rate in women and men was 8.1 per million (95% CI 6.8-9.6), and 8.8 per million (95% CI 7.4-10.3), respectively. The incidence was stable throughout the study period. There was an increase in the annual prevalence from 28.8 per million in 1990 to 64.8 per million in 2005. The diagnosis was verified in 28 of 31 available case records. CONCLUSION This is the first study of the incidence and prevalence of WG in a database from a primary care population. The results are similar to previous studies from secondary and tertiary care and suggest that these studies are representative of the general population. The increasing prevalence with a constant incidence suggests that survival is improving with modern treatment protocols.
Adipose stem cells originate from perivascular cells

Recent research has shown that adipose tissues contain abundant MSCs (mesenchymal stem cells). The origin and location of the adipose stem cells, however, remain unknown, presenting an obstacle to the further purification and study of these cells. In the present study, we aimed at investigating the origins of adipose stem cells. α‐SMA (α‐smooth muscle actin) is one of the markers of pericytes. We harvested ASCs (adipose stromal cells) from α‐SMA‐GFP (green fluorescent protein) transgenic mice and sorted them into GFP‐positive and GFP‐negative cells by FACS. Multilineage differentiation tests were applied to examine the pluripotent ability of the α‐SMA‐GFP‐positive and ‐negative cells. Immunofluorescent staining for α‐SMA and PDGF‐Rβ (platelet‐derived growth factor receptor β) were applied to identify the α‐SMA‐GFP‐positive cells. Then α‐SMA‐GFP‐positive cells were loaded on a collagen—fibronectin gel with endothelial cells to test their vascularization ability both in vitro and in vivo. Results show that, in adipose tissue, all of the α‐SMA‐GFP‐positive cells congregate around the blood vessels. Only the α‐SMA‐GFP‐positive cells have multilineage differentiation ability, while the α‐SMA‐GFP‐negative cells can only differentiate in an adipogenic direction. The α‐SMA‐GFP‐positive cells maintained expression of α‐SMA during multilineage differentiation. The α‐SMA‐GFP‐positive cells can promote the vascularization of endothelial cells in three‐dimensional culture both in vitro and in vivo. We conclude that the adipose stem cells originate from perivascular cells and congregate around blood vessels.
Case-oriented Self-learning and Review in Pharmacology Teaching

Background:To cultivate students' ability to use the pharmacology principles in medical practice, case-oriented self-learning and review has partly replaced lecture-based teaching in our pharmacology course. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of an innovative teaching model in pharmacology teaching on the performance of medical undergraduates. Methods:A total of 185 third-year medical students participated in the study in 2011 and 2012. The students were randomized into the study group (case-oriented self-learning and review) and control group (traditional lecture-based teaching). Examination performances between the students in the 2 groups were compared, and questionnaires were designed for both the students participating in the study group and the teachers to assess the new teaching method. Results:Mid-term examination performances in 2011 and 2012 were significantly better for the students in the study group than those in the control group (P < 0.01). On the final examination in 2011, significantly more students received an assessment of “excellent” in the study group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, students in the study group performed better than those in the control group on the final examination in 2012. The data from the questionnaires indicated that both teachers and students in the study group generally held positive attitudes toward the innovative teaching model. Conclusions:Case-oriented self-learning and review can improve students' internalization of basic pharmacological principles and provide a greater opportunity for self-study and collaborative study. The examination composition can affect the efficacy of the assessment of problem solving abilities.
A social influence based trust model for recommender systems

Trustworthy computing has recently attracted significant interest from researchers in several fields including multi-agent systems, social network analysis, and recommender systems. As an additional dimension of information to past rating history, trust has been shown to be helpful for improving the accuracy of recommendations. Studies on the relationship between trust and rating behaviors may provide insights into the formation of trust in the context of online community, and lead to possible indicators for the effective use of trust in recommendations. In this paper, we study people’s trust and rating behavior with the Epinions dataset. Epinions.com is a popular product review website allowing users to rate various categories of products, and establish a list of trustworthy users. We perform correlation analysis of activeness and trustworthiness defined by the number of ratings and the ∗Corresponding author. Tel. : (+86) 571 8529 0527. Email addresses: jpmei@zjut.edu. cn (Jian-Ping Mei), han.yu@ntu.edu. sg (Han Yu), zqshen@ntu.edu. sg (Zhiqi Shen), ascymiao@ntu.edu. sg (Chunyan Miao) Preprint submitted to Intelligent Data Analysis April 7, 2016 number of trustors to derive findings that can help the design of new decision support mechanisms in trust-based recommender systems. We then propose a trustee-influence based trust model where a trustee’s activeness or trustworthiness is used to determine trust relationships. This trust model is incorporated into a memory-based and matrix factorization recommender systems to support online purchasing decision-making. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed trust model for recommendation.
Postnatal Variation of Limb Bones in the Japanese Quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica

Los cambios en el tamano corporal sobre la ontogenia pueden influir en el desarrollo ontogenetico de los huesos largos, y por lo tanto es importante conocer la variacion en sus rasgos morfologicos, fisiologicos y la historia de vida dentro de las especies. En este estudio, se muestran las mediciones completas de esqueletos individuales de codorniz japonesa (Coturnix coturnix japonica), para investigar la alometria ontogenetica de las proporciones de los huesos de los miembros mediante la regresion del Eje Mayor Reducido (RMA). La ulna y el humero fueron ambos positivos alometricamente en relacion a la masa corporal, con un crecimiento mas ligero de sus extremos proximales que de otras regiones. Los huesos de los miembros posteriores mostraron mas de un patron alometrico. El tarsometatarsus fue negativo; el femur presento alometria positiva, con un ancho y profundidad del extremo proximal importantes. Las mediciones del tibiotarso presentaron un crecimiento mas rapido, sobre todo la anchura del extremo proximal. Los patrones de crecimiento sugieren estar correlacionados con la ontogenia de la conducta, y reflejan los requisitos musculares para un modo de locomocion diferente.
Information order effects in clinical psychological diagnoses.

Despite the wide application and long history of diagnostic systems, several sources of diagnostic errors remain in the criterion-based diagnosing of mental disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presentational order of diagnosis-relevant information and pretreatment reports predict diagnostic errors. One hundred twenty psychotherapists participated in the present online study. The study employed a 2 (symptom presentation: core symptoms at vignette's beginning vs. core symptoms at the end of the case vignette) × 2 (pretreatment report: receiving a pretreatment report with an incongruent diagnosis to the case vignette vs. receiving no pretreatment report) between-subjects experimental design, with random assignment. Participants were asked to make diagnoses after reading three case vignettes describing patients with different disorder constellations. Additionally, participants rated their confidence in the diagnoses and their estimation of the severity of each diagnosed condition. Results indicated that order of symptom descriptions predicted the correctness of diagnostic decisions, with a recency effect causing more fully correct diagnostic decisions in cases where diagnostic information was presented last. Receiving incongruent pretreatment reports was predictive for diagnostic errors. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that diagnoses of mental disorders can depend on the way symptoms are presented or reported. KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE Therapists' diagnostic decisions are not influenced by pretreatment reports. Diagnostic decisions are affected by information order effects. Diagnostic accuracy of psychotherapists is debatable. High rate of misdiagnoses in case vignette with comorbid disorders.