Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tubio retrotransposition in cancer genomes Extensive transduction of nonrepetitive DNA mediated by L 1

, (2014); 345 Science et al. Jose M. C. Tubio retrotransposition in cancer genomes Extensive transduction of nonrepetitive DNA mediated by L1 This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles ): July 31, 2014 www.sciencemag. org (this information is current as of The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag. org/content/345/6196/1251343.full. html version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/content/suppl/2014/07/30/345.6196. 1251343.DC1. html can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag. org/content/345/6196/1251343.full. html#ref-list-1 , 14 of which can be accessed free: cites 46 articles This article http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/collection/medicine Medicine, Diseases subject collections: This article appears in the following
Publis maintain muscle homeostasis in mouse soleus muscle

The autophagy–lysosome system is essential for muscle protein synthesis and degradation equilibrium, and its dysfunction has been linked to various muscle disorders. It has been reported that a diverse collection of extracellular matrix constituents, including decorin, collagen VI, laminin α2, endorepellin, and endostatin, can modulate autophagic signaling pathways. However, the association between autophagy and perlecan in muscle homeostasis remains unclear. The mechanical unloading of perlecan-deficient soleus muscles resulted in significantly decreased wet weights and cross-section fiber area compared with those of control mice. We found that perlecan deficiency in slow-twitch soleus muscles enhanced autophagic activity. This was accompanied by a decrease in autophagic substrates, such as p62, and an increase in LC3II levels. Furthermore, perlecan deficiency caused a reduction in the phosphorylation levels of p70S6k and Akt and increased the phosphorylation of AMPKα. Our findings suggested that perlecan inhibits the autophagic process through the activation of the mTORC1 pathway. This autophagic response may be a novel target for enhancing the efficacy of skeletal muscle atrophy treatment. © 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Financial Constraints and Stock Returns

We test whether the impact of financial constraints on firm value is observable in asset" returns. We form portfolios of firms based on observable characteristics related to financial" constraints, and test for common covariation in the stock returns of these firms. Using several" different measures of financial constraints, we find that financially constrained firms' stock" returns move together over time. This financial constraint factor in stock returns is related to not well explained by, other empirically identified factors in asset returns. Constrained firms" have remarkably low returns in our sample period of 1968-1995, both unconditionally and in the" context of empirical asset pricing models. Financial constraint returns help explain returns" following initial public offerings and dividend omissions. We find only limited support for the" hypothesis that the relative performance of financially constrained firms reflects monetary" policy, credit conditions, and business cycles.
Decadal variability of the Indian Ocean dipole

Using the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA), NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and the GISST datasets from 1950–1999, and an atmosphere‐ocean coupled general circulation model, we explored the possible existence of decadal Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) variability for the first time. We find that there are strong decadal IOD events, and that the time series of the decadal IOD and decadal ENSO indices are not well correlated. The simulated decadal signal of the IOD index is highly correlated with the 20°C isotherm depth anomaly, indicating that ocean dynamics is involved in the decadal IOD. It is also associated with the zonal wind anomaly. We suggest that the decadal IOD in the tropics is interpreted as decadal modulation of the interannual IOD events.
Intrapreneurs, entrepreneurs and their early-stage market survival

This article employs the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics II (PSED II) in the study of a nationally representative sample of American entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs and their early-stage firm survival during the first six-years of startup. Building on an expansive theoretical framework this article empirically examines and investigates whether it is intrapreneurs or entrepreneurs that have the longest earlystage market survival. Results also reveal the factors (i.e. entrepreneurial capital and demographics) that are associated with venture survival. While numerous fields of research have dedicated their time and energy into exploring the concepts of entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship, studies have, until now, avoided the examination of early-stage survival of intrapreneurial and entrepreneurial start-up efforts. This is in part due to the fact that there had been no available dataset to explore such a topic (Parker, 2011). The arrival of the PSED II dataset in 2011 changed this. Consequently, this is one of the first papers to be able to present empirical evidence comparing intrapreneurial and entrepreneurial start-up efforts. To realize this, the PSED II dataset was empirically analyzed using simple logistic and multinomial logistic regressions. Results indicate that intrapreneurs in a corporate work environment are more likely to experience early-stage firm survival compared to entrepreneurs. In addition to this, there are several demographic factors and entrepreneurial capital factors that are also associated with venture survival. These apply to both intrapreneurs and entrepreneurs. Results show that age, race and an individuals’ level of extroversion, in terms of being open to business opportunities, increase the likelihood for early-stage intrapreneurial and entrepreneurial firm survival. Based on these findings several strategic implications and recommendations will be provided.
Local Trends in Price-to-Dividend Ratios-Assessment, Predictive Value, and Determinants

Persistent variations of the log price-to-dividend ratio (PD) and their economic determinants have attracted a lively discussion in the literature. We suggest a gradually time-varying state process to govern the persistence of the PD. The adopted state-space approach offers favorable model diagnostics and finds particular support in out-of-sample stock return prediction. We show that this slowly evolving mean process is jointly shaped by the consumption risk, the demographic structure, and the proportion of firms with traditional dividend payout policy during the past 60 years. In particular, the volatility of consumption growth plays the dominant role.
Prostate Cancer Growth Promotes Hormone-Dependent and Hormone-Independent Regulated MicroRNA that − miR-21 : An Androgen Receptor

Androgen receptor (AR)–mediated oncogenic pathways have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we used highthroughput microarray analysis on two AR-positive prostate cancer (CaP) cell lines to identify 16 AR-responsive microRNAs (miRNA). We focused on miR-21 because of its previously reported oncogenic activity in other cancers. We show androgen-induced AR binding to the defined miR-21 promoter, miPPR-21, suggesting direct transcriptional regulation. Inhibition of miR-21 diminished androgen-induced CaP cell proliferation, providing new evidence that miRNAs can contribute to androgen-driven cell growth. Elevated expression of miR-21 enhanced CaP tumor growth in vivo and, surprisingly, was sufficient for androgen-dependent tumors to overcome castration-mediated growth arrest. Thus, elevated miR-21 expression alone is sufficient to impart castration resistance. Moreover, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed elevated miR-21 expression in CaP when compared with adjacent normal tissue. These results suggest that miR-21 may contribute to CaP pathogenesis. [Cancer Res 2009;69(18):7165–9]
Removing Spurious Low-Frequency Variability in Drifter Velocities

Satellite-tracked drifting buoys of the Global Drifter Program have drogues, centered at 15-m depth, to minimize direct wind forcing and Stokes drift. Drogue presence has historically been determined from submergence or tether strain records. However, recent studies have revealed that a significant fraction of drifters believed to be drogued have actually lost their drogues, a problem that peaked in the mid-2000s before the majority of drifters in the global array switched from submergence to tether strain sensors. In this study, a methodology is applied to the data to automatically reanalyze drogue presence based on anomalous downwind ageostrophic motion. Results indicate that the downwind slip of undrogued drifters is approximately 50% higher than previously believed. The reanalyzed results no longer exhibit the dramatic and spurious interannual variations seen in the original data. These results, along with information from submergence/tether strain and transmission frequency variations, are now being used to conduct a systematic manual reevaluation of drogue presence for each drifter in the post-1992 dataset. Satellite-tracked drifting buoys (hereafter ‘‘drifters’’) of the Global Drifter Program (GDP) have been collecting near-surface ocean current observations in the tropical Pacific since 1979, with observations in the other basins also now spanning more than 15 years. The GDP is a branch of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Global Ocean Observing System and a scientific project of the Data Buoy Cooperation Panel, and is funded by NOAA’s Climate Program Office. Its objectives are to maintain a global array of ;1250 drifters and to provide a data processing system for scientific use of the resulting observations, which support short-term (seasonal to interannual) climate predictions, climate research, and climate monitoring. A subset of the driftersalso includes barometers for improved numerical weather forecasting efforts. The GDP works with a large number of national and international partners
Maximizing the potentials of biogas through upgrading

Biogas unlike fossil fuel is a renewable energy source. It is environment friendly fuel and can be generated in every part of the globe where lives exist. Biogas from digester plants contains about 55-65% methane, 30-45% carbon (iv) oxide, traces of hydrogen sulphide and fractions of water vapour. Efforts have been made by a number of investigators to improve the quality of biogas by removal of the contaminants through upgrading. This paper reviews various attempts at methane enrichment of biogas, results obtained and the cost implications. There is a lot of potentials in terms of increased energy per unit volume, wobbe index, wider application and ease of handling if biogas is upgraded to >95% CH4. Water scrubbing is cheap and simple. Although upgrading system may be incorporated in a family size plants, it appears that enrichment and compression requirement may only be economically feasible with large plants.
Anisotropic feature-preserving smoothing of 3D mesh

We present an anisotropic 3D mesh smoothing method which is effective and feature-preserving. The algorithm is originated from bilateral mesh denoising and improved in two aspects. Firstly, the geodesic distance, instead of Euclidean distance, is adopted for the selection of neighboring vertices. Secondly, the way to calculate smoothing offsets is adjusted and a normal weight is introduced. Compared with previous smoothing methods, our method doesn't need to repeat the smoothing operations and could preserve the features of original model with relatively faster speed. Finally, we provide a series of examples to graphically and numerically demonstrate the quality of our results.
THE GENUS NACOBBUS THORNE & ALLEN, 1944 (NEMATODA: PRATYLENCHIDAE): SYSTEMATICS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

The two known species of Nacobbus, N. aberrans and N. dorsalis, are sedentary root endoparasites that occur in the Americas. The parasitic habits of these two so-called "false root-knot nematode" species include similarities to both root lesion and root-knot nematodes. The migratory and vermiform juveniles and immature adults behave like lesion nematodes, causing cavities and lesions inside the root tissues, whereas the mature females are sedentary and obese and induce root galls and specialized feeding sites as do true root-knot nematodes. Limited information is available on the less wellknown species N. dorsalis, which is present only in California where it has negligible economic importance and parasitizes only a few non-cultivated plants without evidence of attack on agricultural crops. In contrast, many studies have examined the biology, economic impact, and management of the more economically important N. aberrans, which occurs in temperate and subtropical latitudes of North and South America. This false root-knot (or potato rosary) nematode has a wide host range, which includes at least 84 plant species. Many common weeds are good hosts. The results of host and field studies conducted in North and South America indicate that N. aberrans populations can be separated into bean, potato and sugarbeet groups. The populations of each group have distinct host preferences and do not reproduce on graminaceous species or on leguminous species of the genera Medicago and Lupinus. The yield losses reported on staple and industrial crops infected by N. aberrans average 65% for potato in the Andean region of Latin America, 55% and 36% for tomato and bean in Mexico, respectively, and 10-20% for sugarbeet in the United States (Nebraska). Different levels of resistance, varying according to the nematode population, have been found in bean, chilli pepper, potato, and tomato. Most research on crop rotation, mixed cropping, and chemical and non-chemical strategies for management of N. aberrans has been conducted on bean, chilli pepper, and tomato in Mexico, potato in Argentina, Bolivia and Peru, and sugarbeet in the United States.
Cyclophilin B induces chemoresistance by degrading wild type p 53 via interaction with MDM 2 in colorectal cancer Running title : Cyclophilin B in CRC chemoresistance

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemoresistance is a major problem for effective therapy in CRC. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which peptidylprolyl isomerase B (PPIB; cyclophilin B, CypB) regulates chemoresistance in CRC. We found that CypB is a novel wild type p53 (p53WT)-inducible gene but a negative regulator of p53WT in response to oxaliplatin treatment. Overexpression of CypB shortens the half-life of p53WT and inhibits oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis in CRC cells, whereas knockdown of CypB lengthens the half-life of p53WT and stimulates p53WT dependent apoptosis. CypB interacts directly with MDM2, and enhances MDM2-dependent p53WT ubiquitination and degradation. Furthermore, we firmly validated using bioinformatics analyses that overexpression of CypB is associated with poor prognosis in CRC progression and chemoresistance. Hence, we suggest a novel mechanism of chemoresistance caused by overexpressed CypB, which may help to develop new anti-cancer drugs. We also propose that CypB may be utilized as a predictive biomarker in CRC patients.
The Decline of Striped Bass in the Sacramento‐San Joaquin Estuary, California

Abstract The abundance of young striped bass Morone saxatilis in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary has suffered an unsteady but persistent decline from population levels that were high in the middle 1960s. The decline was particularly severe in 1977 and abundance of young striped bass has been low every subsequent year. The adult striped bass population also has fallen during the past 20 years, but the exact period over which the decline occurred and the rate of decline are not clear. The adult population is now about one-quarter of its former size and there is little sign of recovery. We believe the Sacramento-San Joaquin striped bass population and the fishery that it supports are in serious danger. The cause is most likely one or more of four factors. (1) The adult population is now so low that egg production may be inadequate. (2) The plankton food supply of young striped bass in the western Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Suisun Bay has been greatly reduced each spring. Diversion of water from the .
Substitution elasticities in an energy-augmented CES production function: An empirical analysis for Turkey

Abstract. This study estimates a production function for Turkey taking capital, labor and energy as input factors. The production function estimated is of the CES form with Hicks-neutral technology and constant returns to scale. A nonlinear least squares regression is employed on a dataset for the entire Turkish economy covering a time period of 27 years. The production function parameters provide insights into the elasticity of substitution of capital, labor and energy in Turkey. In particular, it is found that the elasticity of substitution between the capital-labor bundle and energy is, slightly higher than values found in other studies for various countries. This finding shows the relative ease of substitutability of capital-labor with energy for one another in Turkey and provides new insight on a critical parameter for future energy-economy modeling studies related to Turkey and other similar countries with no elasticity estimate. It is thought that the high substitutability for the case of Turkey may be related to the flexibility of its rapidly growing economy with investment needs that can easily be adapted to market conditions. Keywords. Substitution elasticities, CES, Energy economics. JEL. D22, E23, Q40.
Choroidal thickness changes in connective tissue diseases

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the choroidal thickness (CT) changes in connective tissue disease (CTD) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) with enhanced depth imaging (EDI). Material and Methods: In this prospective clinical study, we included 34 subjects who were diagnosed as CTD in remission for at least 3 months, and age and gender matched 30 healthy controls. Central macular thickness (CMT), subfoveal CT, and CT at nasal (N) and temporal (T) distances of 500 μm (N500 and T500, respectively) and 1500 μm (N500 and T1500, respectively) from the central fovea were measured by EDI OCT. Results: The mean CMT of the patient group (219.2 μm) was thinner compared to the control group (225.5 μm), but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.2). At the same time, mean CT values were thinner at all measure points in the CTD subjects. The mean subfoveal CT, N500, N1500, T500 and T1500 were not significantly different in comparison to controls (all P > 0.05). Conclusion: Although our results did not reach statistical significance, we found that choroidal tissue was thinner in patients with CTD .
Optical Variability of BL Lacertae during the Major Outburst of 1997

We have undertaken an investigation of recent flux variability in BL Lac. We present optical observations taken over 22 nights documenting major as well as minor outbursts. This has been combined, for purposes of multifrequency analysis, with published X-ray and γ-ray data taken for an additional single night. On two nights in particular, including the night of the X-ray observations, a major outburst of about a full magnitude of variation was recorded. All the data have been analyzed with theoretical models. Attempts were made to use synchrotron self-Compton and external Comptonization models to explain the data; however, both classes of models were found lacking. More satisfactory results were obtained using an analytical model proposed by Wang et al. that involves the evolution of synchrotron spectra in a homogeneous jet due to the injection of relativistic electrons, taking into account radiation losses during the outbursts. It is hoped that the results of this study of BL Lac, an archetype for the class of blazars in general, represent a more generic phenomenon applicable to the entire class.
Effects of acute and chronic temperature changes on the functional responses of the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula ( Linnaeus , 1758 ) towards amphipod prey

Predation is a strong driver of population dynamics and community structure and it is essential to reliably quantify and predict predation impacts on prey populations in a changing thermal landscape. Here, we used comparative functional response analyses to assess how predator-prey interactions between dogfish and invertebrate prey change under different warming scenarios. The Functional Response Type, attack rate, handling time andmaximum feeding rate estimates were calculated for Scyliorhinus canicula preying upon Echinogammarus marinus under temperatures of 11.3 °C and 16.3 °C, which represent both the potential daily variation and predicted higher summer temperatures within Strangford Lough, N. Ireland. A two x two design of BPredator Acclimated^, BPrey Acclimated^, BBoth Acclimated^, and BBoth Unacclimated^ was implemented to test functional responses to temperature rise. Attack rate was higher at 11.3 °C than at 16.3 °C, but handling time was lower and maximum feeding rates were higher at 16.3 °C. Non-acclimated predators had similar maximum feeding rate towards nonacclimated and acclimated prey, whereas acclimated predators had significantly higher maximum feeding rates towards acclimated prey as compared to nonacclimated prey. Results suggests that the predator attack rate is decreased by increasing temperature but when both predator and prey are acclimated the shorter handling times considerably increase predator impact. The functional response of the fish changed from Type II to Type III with an increase in temperature, except when only the prey were acclimated. This change from population destabilizing Type II to more stabilizing Type III could confer protection to prey at low densities but increase the maximum feeding rate by Scyliorhinus canicula in the future. However, predator movement between different thermal regimes may maintain a Type II response, albeit with a lower maximum feeding rate. This has implications for the way the increasing population Scyliorhinus canicula in the Irish Sea may exploit valuable fisheries stocks in the future.