Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of growth results in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate after early secondary gingivoalveoloplasty and secondary bone grafting: 20 years follow up

The Milan surgical protocol from 1988 has included repair of lip, nose, and soft palate at 6–9 months of age, and closure of the hard palate and alveolus with an early secondary gingivoalveoloplasty at 18–36 months. The goal of this study was to evaluate the long-term maxillary growth in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) who had had the early secondary gingivoalveoloplasty, compared with the growth in a sample treated before 1988, by the same surgeon, with a surgical protocol that differed only by the method and the timing of alveolar closure. In the second group they were repaired by secondary bone grafting. The samples consisted of lateral cephalograms of the UCLP early secondary gingivoalveoloplasty sample (15 patients with a mean age of 18 (1.2) years) and of the UCLP bone graft sample (10 patients with a mean age of 19 (1.1) years). The early secondary gingivoalveoloplasty patients showed that maxillary growth was inhibited compared with the secondary bone graft group. Although the early secondary gingivoalveoloplasty allowed for early repair of the alveolus together with palatal repair, eliminating the need for secondary bone grafting, it seemed to have an inhibiting influence on maxillary growth that increased the need for Le Fort I osteotomies. Even with a Le Fort I osteotomy, the early secondary gingivoalveoloplasty allows the total number of operations to be kept down to three, as in most European protocols.
A Prospective, Phase II Study Demonstrating the Potential Value and Limitation of Radiosurgery for Spine Metastases

Purpose:To evaluate toxicity, efficacy, feasibility, and target volume dosimetry of single-fraction stereotactic body radiotherapy or radiosurgery for spine tumors. Methods:Twenty-five patients were treated on a prospective phase II protocol of single-fraction stereotactic body radiotherapy or radiosurgery for tumors near the spinal cord (N = 21). Patients received 15 Gy, given a spinal cord limit of 12 Gy to 0.1 mL for patients with no prior spine radiotherapy (N = 9), and 5 Gy to 0.5 mL for patients with prior spine radiotherapy (N = 12). The primary endpoint was toxicity. The secondary endpoint was efficacy measured with a pain scale, 2 neurologic function scales, and magnetic resonance scans. Minor endpoints were feasibility and dose coverage. Results:Acute toxicity was grade 1 to 2 dysphagia or nausea. There were no late toxicities. Three patients experienced radiographic evidence of vertebral body compression in field; 2 were asymptomatic and 1 was managed with vertebroplasty. One patient progressed at the radiosurgery site (local control, 95%); 43% experienced pain relief. Most patients died or developed progressive systemic disease soon after radiosurgery. One-year progression-free survival was 5% with 60% of patients dead by 1 year. Patients with the site of radiosurgery as their only site of disease also did poorly: 2-year progression-free survival ∼10% with half dead of cancer within 2 years. There were no problems planning and delivering spine radiosurgery with a 60-minute treatment slot. In patients with and without prior radiotherapy, we achieved our target-coverage goal in 91% and 95%, respectively. Conclusion:Radiosurgery is an excellent option for patients with symptomatic spine metastases in previously irradiated areas. In patients without previous irradiation, the biology of metastatic cancer limits spine radiosurgery's ability to improve outcome.
A 32-bit NMOS microprocessor with a large register file

Two scaled versions of a 32-bit NMOS reduced-instruction-set computer CPU, called RISC II, have been implemented on two different processing lines using the simple layout rules of C.A. Mead and L.A. Conway (1980). The lambda values are 2 and 1.5 /spl mu/m, corresponding to drawn gate lengths of 4 and 3 /spl mu/m, respectively. The design utilizes a small set of simple instructions in conjunction with a large register file in order to provide high performance. This approach has resulted in two surprisingly powerful single-chip processors.
How do supervisors perceive and manage employee mental health issues in their workplaces?

BACKGROUND Organizations have become increasingly concerned about mental health issues in the workplace as the economic and social costs of the problem continue to grow. Addressing employees' mental health problems and the stigma that accompanies them often falls to supervisors, key people in influencing employment pathways and the social climate of the workplace. OBJECTIVE This study examines how supervisors experience and perceive mental illness and stigma in their workplaces. It was conducted under the mandate of the Mental Health Commission of Canada's Opening Minds initiative. METHODS The study was informed by a theoretical framework of stigma in the workplace and employed a qualitative approach. Eleven supervisors were interviewed and data were analyzed for major themes using established procedures for conventional content analysis. RESULTS Themes relate to: perceptions of the supervisory role relative to managing mental health problems at the workplace; supervisors' perceptions of mental health issues at the workplace; and supervisors' experiences of managing mental health issues at work. The research reveals the tensions supervisors experience as they carry out responsibilities that are meant to benefit both the individual and workplace, and protect their own well-being as well. CONCLUSION This study emphasizes the salience of stigma and mental health issues for the supervisor's role and illustrates the ways in which these issues intersect with the work of supervisors. It points to the need for future research and training in areas such as balancing privacy and supports, tailoring disclosure processes to suit individuals and workplaces, and managing self-care in the workplace.
A New ALS Based PMS Design and Its Evaluations

Westinghouse company (WEC) had developed a Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) approved advanced logic system (ALS) platform based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology as the next generation 1E class platform for protection and monitoring system (PMS) development for nuclear power plants. In compliance with the requirements of typical PMS functions, a new ALS based PMS is designed by overcoming the restrictions of communication modules etc. The consistency with data communication independence and isolation, deterministic, diversity requirements etc. is analyzed. The evaluations indicate the design meets the requirements and can be applied for coming projects.
Relationships between change and organizational culture in hospitals.

PURPOSE To define organizational culture in hospitals that have received quality certificates and to identify attitudes of healthcare personnel toward change. METHODS The population was all physicians and nurses (N=3,067) employed at four private hospitals that have received accreditation or the "ISO" certificate, and four public hospitals, all of which were located within Istanbul city limits. A proportional sample of 570 participants were selected from the eight hospitals. Data-gathering tools were information form, culture scale, and Attitude Against Change Scale (AACS). Data were evaluated by using descriptive statistics, Cronbach alpha coefficient, Chi-square test, and by t test for dependent groups, one-way variance analysis (ANOVA), and Tukey test. FINDINGS The lowest score averages on the AACS were found in those employed in public hospitals, in those who perceived top executives as autocrats, and in those who were unwilling to participate in quality studies. Participants in a power culture were least open to change. CONCLUSIONS A collaborative culture was the most evident culture in private hospitals, but in public hospitals the most dominant culture was a power culture.
The impact of employee empowerment on work performance : a case study of selected public Universities in Kenya

This research paper sought to conceptualize to what extent employee empowerment has impacted on work performance among employees of the Kenyan Public The paper also sought to determine whether communication and information sharing, competence or development/training, resource provision and sufficient support empowers Kenyan Public university employees to improve is their work performance and to indicate what is being done incorrectly with regard to employee empowerment in order to provide corrective steps where necessary. Descriptive survey was used to carry out the research. A sample size of three hundred and sixty one (361) employees Teaching and nor. -Teaching staff were selected using stratified sampling technique on a ratio of 0.1 (10%) across the staff categories of employees to participate in the study. Observation and oral interview of the union officials of both teaching and non-Teaching staff was, done as primary of data Books, journals published and unpublished theses, and dissertations, magazines abstracts, periodicals, computer search and the internet were by the researcher as secondary data sources. Closed and few open ended questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics mainly frequency and was used to The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was applied to enhance the data analytical process. Appropriate interpretation, findings and recommendations were done accordingly.
Identifying service quality dimensions as antecedents to customer satisfaction in retail banking

This paper explores service quality in a retail bank setting in Slovenia and its influence on customer satisfaction. In previous studies both SERVQUAL and SERVPERF scales have been used for measuring service quality. Based on SERVPERF a 28-item scale has been developed for this study. Through factor analysis four dimensions of service quality have been obtained. The results from regression analysis suggest that all four dimensions of service quality as well as service range influence customer satisfaction. The information provided by this research can be used when designing marketing strategies to improve customer satisfaction in retail banking.
Differential effects of high fat diets on fatty acid composition in milk of Jersey and Holstein cows.

Effects of increasing dietary intake of calcium salts of palm fatty acid distillate (0, .25, .50, and .75 kg/d) on milk yield and milk fat composition were investigated for Jersey and Holstein cows. Increased dietary fat decreased DMI but did not influence milk yield or fat and protein contents. Jersey milk fat contained a higher proportion of short- and medium-chain fatty acids and lower proportions of palmitic and oleic fatty acids than did Holstein milk fat. With few exceptions, increased dietary fat altered the proportions of milk fatty acids in a parallel manner in both breeds. Except for butyrate, for which an effect was inconsistent, and palmitate, which was increased, additional dietary fat inhibited de novo synthesis of the milk fatty acids. The inhibition increased as the chain length of the fatty acids increased. Additional dietary fat increased the ratio of C18:1:C18:0 in Holstein cows, but the ratio was unchanged by dietary fat in Jersey cows. The regulation of fluidity of milk fat may differ between the two breeds.
Norm continuous unitary representations of Lie algebras of smooth sections

We give a complete description of the bounded (i.e. norm continuous) unitary representations of the Fr\'echet-Lie algebra of all smooth sections, as well as of the LF-Lie algebra of compactly supported smooth sections, of a smooth Lie algebra bundle whose typical fiber is a compact Lie algebra. For the Lie algebra of all sections, bounded unitary irreducible representations are finite tensor products of so-called evaluation representations, hence in particular finite-dimensional. For the Lie algebra of compactly supported sections, bounded unitary irreducible (factor) representations are possibly infinite tensor products of evaluation representations, which reduces the classification problem to results of Glimm and Powers on irreducible (factor) representations of UHF C*-algebras. The key part in our proof is the classification of irreducible bounded unitary representations of Lie algebras that are the tensor product of a compact Lie algebra and a unital real continuous inverse algebra: every such representation is a finite product of evaluation representations. On the group level, our results cover in particular the bounded unitary representations of the identity component of the group of smooth gauge transformations of a principal fiber bundle with compact base and structure group, and the connected component of the group of special unitary n times n matrices with values in an involutive commutative continuous inverse algebra.
The Ethnic and Religious Identities of Young Asian Americans

by Jerry Z. Park The following dissertation is an examination of the social construction and maintenance of traditional ethnic and religious identities among the rising generation of Asian Americans in the 21 century. Using an interviewed sample of 99 Asian American college student leaders at four public universities and a surveyed sample of 325 Asian American college students, I asked a set of parallel questions with regard to how the respondents understand their ethnic and religious backgrounds. The evidence based on these samples suggests that traditional identities are a constructive effort or a form of personal agency. These constructions however are derived from the available discourse in American public narratives, particularly that of race and religion. I show that not only do these public narratives produce different interpretations of ethnicity or religion when considered separately, but they also interact and inform one another in complex ways. This suggests that identities like these are both fluid and fixed relative to the social relationships embedded within family, friendships, schools, and local organizations who provide the grammar and syntax for the explanations individuals give for these identities.
Neutral sphingomyelinase inhibition alleviates apoptosis, but not ER stress, in liver ischemia–reperfusion injury

Abstract Previous studies have revealed the activation of neutral sphingomyelinase (N-SMase)/ceramide pathway in hepatic tissue following warm liver ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. Excessive ceramide accumulation is known to potentiate apoptotic stimuli and a link between apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been established in hepatic IR injury. Thus, this study determined the role of selective N-SMase inhibition on ER stress and apoptotic markers in a rat model of liver IR injury. Selective N-SMase inhibitor was administered via intraperitoneal injections. Liver IR injury was created by clamping blood vessels supplying the median and left lateral hepatic lobes for 60 min, followed by 60 min reperfusion. Levels of sphingmyelin and ceramide in liver tissue were determined by an optimized multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) method using ultrafast-liquid chromatography (UFLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Spingomyelin levels were significantly increased in all IR groups compared with controls. Treatment with a specific N-SMase inhibitor significantly decreased all measured ceramides in IR injury. A significant increase was observed in ER stress markers C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) and 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) in IR injury, which was not significantly altered by N-SMase inhibition. Inhibition of N-SMase caused a significant reduction in phospho-NF-kB levels, hepatic TUNEL staining, cytosolic cytochrome c, and caspase-3, -8, and -9 activities which were significantly increased in IR injury. Data herein confirm the role of ceramide in increased apoptotic cell death and highlight the protective effect of N-SMase inhibition in down-regulation of apoptotic stimuli responses occurring in hepatic IR injury.
Elevated serum urate concentration independently predicts poor outcome following stroke in patients with diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for stroke and confers increased risk of poor outcome and further vascular events following stroke. Hyperuricaemia occurs commonly in patients with type 2 diabetes, but its significance as a predictor of outcome following stroke is uncertain. We sought to investigate the prognostic significance of elevated serum urate concentration in diabetic subjects following stroke.
Interpreting Echo Statistics of Three Distinct Clutter Classes Measured With a Midfrequency Active Sonar: Accounting for Number of Scatterers, Scattering Statistics, and Beampattern Effects

A recently developed published approach to predict echo statistics is applied to clutter data that were collected with a midfrequency sonar and published in a separate independent study. This method explicitly accounts for the (finite) number of unresolved scatterers, the statistics associated with the arbitrary scattering properties of the individual scatterers [but assumed to have identical echo probability density functions (pdfs) in this application], and beampattern effects which significantly affect the echo statistics due to each scatterer being randomly located in the sonar beam. The data had been categorized according to whether they were associated with bottom structures, diffuse compact clutter, and compact nonstationary (moving) clutter. In this paper, the recently developed method is incorporated in a two-component mixed pdf (mixed with a Rayleigh distribution to account for the diffuse background) to model the statistics of the three classes of clutter. This is the first such application of the model which had principally been validated only numerically. The degree to which the data are non-Rayleigh (heavy tailed) is reasonably predicted by the model and the number of scatterers per resolution cell is inferred for each type of clutter.
Experience with One Hundred Consecutive Free Flaps

Our first 100 free flap operations are reviewed. The location and cause of the defects requiring free flaps, the flaps used, and the outcome are tabulated. The lower leg was the most common site of defect. Osteomyelitis and trauma were the most common causes. The latissimus dorsi and tensor fascia lata were the most useful flaps. Of the 15 patients with failed flaps, wound closure was accomplished by other methods in 13 and 2 underwent amputation. One of the patients with a successful free flap ultimately underwent amputation because of recurrent osteomyelitis.
Health, disability insurance and labour supply: evidence from a dynamic structural model

This paper provides a quantitative assessment of the labour market and welfare effects of the disability insurance (DI) benefit. To this end, I develop a life-cycle model in which individuals choose consumption, labour supply and whether to claim for DI. The effects revealed by counterfactual policy simulations are largely heterogeneous by health; low-health and poor individuals place a higher value on DI. If there is a reduction in the benefit amount, only half of those who leave the benefit return to work. Policies that reduce the cost of re-entering the labour market by 10% increase the labour supply by 5.3 percentage points among DI recipients, without de-
Discouraged workers in the Turkish Labor Market:1988-2014

This study investigates the trends of and factors behind discouraged workers in Turkey during the period 1988-2014. According to ILO (1982), discouraged workers are those who wanted to work, but are not employed, and not job seekers anymore because they believe there is no work available for them. In this paper, it is put forward that the number of discouraged workers in Turkey cannot be ignored. Using data from Turkstat, World Development Indicators, and Turkish Ministry of Development, locally weighted (LOESS) regressions are estimated for the possible determinants of discouragement. The results demonstrate that discouragement increases rapidly after a certain per capita income threshold is reached. Besides, as unemployment increases, people are more eager to become discouraged, which is an expected relationship. Surprisingly, in the recent period of increasing employment, a rise both in the number and share of discouraged workers is detected in Turkey. The crisis years (especially 2001) seriously accelerated discouragement at higher secondary and tertiary school enrolment rates. Furthermore, discouraged workers increased gradually as services value added share increased, whereas industrial and agricultural value added shrank. Urbanization also triggers discouragement. These findings are expected to have important policy implications for Turkey, which tackles with significant issues regarding unemployment levels and human capital development.
Corporate coordination and the theory of the firm : four essays

This thesis aims to increase our understanding of the mechanisms that govern business activities, whether these are organised within a single corporation or are performed in part by other independent companies. First, I suggest an analytical framework on corporate coordination, where I define authoritative, economic and social coordination mechanisms and discuss their motivational bases, the organisational requirements, what coordination objectives the mechanisms can support, the costs and their interactive nature. Then I develop a model where authority over assets and an explicit profit-sharing contract combine to govern the activities of two parties who have joint business interests (organised for example in ajoint venture). The model is used to show how the parties' respective levels of risk aversion and investment specificity jointly influence the optimal allocation of ownership rights (and the design of the profitsharing agreement). I have also developed a model where ownership rights can be combined with a simple implicit contract. With two-sided investments the model is sufficiently rich to have room for firms, spot employment, relational contracting, spot markets, partnerships and mutual hostage taking. I show, for example, that long-term relational contracting and partnerships are attractive when the parties have similar technologies, because symmetrical ex-post bargaining positions tend to support effective implicit contracts. Finally, I suggest a model to study decentralisation, where I include management activities such as information search and processing, communication, bargaining, decision-making and control in an environment where local managers maximise subunit profits. In extensions I allow alternative behavioural assumptions, for example by incorporating the self-enhancement bias. I also compare an integrated hierarchy (where centralised authority is owner-given) with a market organisation.