Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Polyoma Virus Allograft Nephropathy among Iraqi Kidney Transplant Patients

Background: polyoma virus is a ubiquitous human virus with a peak incidence of primary infection in children 2 to 5 years of age and a seroprevalence rate of more than 60% to 90% among the adult population worldwide. Material and methods: All recruited patients were considered from nephrology and transplant outpatients' clinic medical city (162cases, 97 males& 65 females). The patients with graft dysfunction were recorded on an already prepared data sheet for the type of induction therapy antithymocyte globulin (ATG or baxiliximab ), type of immunosuppressant regimens , renal function test by estimation of Glomerular filtration rate(GFR by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation, renal Doppler ultrasound , urine for decoy cell and renal graft biopsy for light microscopy and immunohistochmestry stain. Results: This cohort study enrolled Male patients were 97 while female patients were 65, the age ranges from 20 to 60 years 1 . There was high incidence of PVAN among patients receiving antithymocyte globulin (ATG) (28.6%) as compare to baxiliximab group (3%). There were increasing incidence of BK virus nephropathy among patients taking (Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), + Steroid + Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)), group (1) patients, the difference was statistically significant (p=0.012). There was increasing incidence of decoy cells in the urine of patients with PVAN (100%). Conclusions: There was increasing incidence of PVAN among transplant recipient's patients. Histological feature of PVAN is reliable diagnostic tool and should be consider in every renal transplant patients.
Effect of process parameters on the mechanical properties and failure behavior of spot welded low carbon steel

In this research, the effect of spot welding parameters on weld quality was investigated. The main affecting welding parameters such as weld current, weld time, electrode force and holding time were determined as the basis for quality evaluation. The selected quality features were classified into mechanical properties and failure behavior, which were required for application with highly dynamic loading. The peak load as one of the important mechanical properties, as well as the two distinct failure modes which were cross-nugget and complete button pull, were observed using tensile-shear stress. To obtain detailed shear stress testing results and to determine the significance of parameters, a servo-hydraulic testing machine was run at a constant cross-head speed of 2mm/min followed by statistical analysis methods, which were Taguchi’s L16 orthogonal array and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Furthermore, the failure mode was to be observed based on the fracture surface used as reference for acceptance or rejection of the weld joint. Based on the results, the weld current was the significant factor affecting shear stress and the complete button pull was mostly found, which leads to the satisfactory condition of the joint. Cross-nugget and full button pull-out were the dominant failures observed in the lap-shear test. The cross-nugget failure leads to a low shear load, while complete button pull-out displays maximum shear load.
A simple graphical model of small mammal succession after fire in the Brazilian cerrado / Un modèle graphique simple de repeuplement par les petits mammifères du cerrado brésilen après brûlis

Abstract We studied the succession of small mammal species after fire in the cerrado (Neotropical savanna) of Central Brazil. Populations of small mammals were sampled with live-trapping techniques in a series of nine sites of different successional age, ranging from 1 to 26 years after fire. Ten species of small mammals were captured through all the seral stages of succession. Species richness ranged from two to seven species by seral stage. The species were arranged in different groups with respect to abundance along the succession: the first was composed of early successional species that peaked <2 years after fire (Calomys callosus, C. tener, Thalpomys cerradensis, Mus musculus, Thylamys velutinus); the second occurred or peaked 2–3 years after fire (Necromys lasiurus, Gracilinanus sp., Oryzomys scotti). Gracilinanus agilis peaked in the last seral stage. Species richness of small mammals showed an abrupt decrease from an average of four species immediately after fire to two species 5–26 years after the last fire. We propose a simple graphical model to explain the pattern of species richness of small mammals after fire in the cerrado. This model assumes that the occurrence of species of small mammals is determined by habitat selection behavior by each species along a habitat gradient. The habitat gradient is defined as the ratio of cover of herbaceous to woody vegetation. The replacement of species results from a trade-off in habitat requirements for the two habitat variables. Résumé Nous avons étudié le repeuplement par les petits mammifères du cerrado (Savane néotropicale) du Brésil Central après brûlis. Les animaux ont été piégés dans neuf sites variant par leur dernière date de brûlis (entre de 1 à 26 ans). Dix espèces de petits mammifères ont été capturées dans l'ensemble des sites. Cette richesse spécifique a variée de deux à sept; avec cinq espèces dans le site de 2 ans (Calomys callosus, C. tener, Thalpomys cerradensis, Mus musculus, Thylamys velutinus) et trois dans celui de 3 ans (Necromys lasiurus, Gracilinanus sp., Oryzomys scotti). L'espèce Gracilinanus agilis a été piégée dans la parcelle la plus ancienne. Le nombre de petits mammifères a décru en moyenne de quatre espèces immédiatement après le brûlis, puis de deux espèces entre 5 et 26 ans plus tard. Nous avons proposé un modèle graphique simple pour expliquer les patterns de la richesse spécifique après le feu dans le cerrado. Ce modèle suppose que la pression de selection dûe à l'habitat agit sur la la réapparition/reproduction des espèces de petits mammifères par un gradient de reconstitution du milieu ambiant (gradient ambiant). Ce gradient ambiant est défini comme le rapport entre la surface de couverture herbacée et la couverture ligneuse de la végétation. La reproduction/reconstitution des espèces résulte d'une relation inverse entre ces deux variables de l'habitat.
Interim Performance Evaluation in Contract Design

This paper examines the desirability of having an interim performance evaluation (IPE) in the design of an optimal contract. While enabling the principal to plan and control the project process better, the IPE may also adversely affect the agent’s morale in case of unfavorable IPE outcome. Despite this, we show that it is without loss of generality using contracts that tailor effort or payment to the IPE result when it involves objective measures. In the environment in which it involves subjective measures, not using IPE may be in the principal’s interest; the reason is that the contract now features a progressive payment scheme that renders extra costs upon information disclosure.
Situated Knowledge and Visual Education: Patrick Geddes and Reclus's Geography (1886–1932)

Abstract This article addresses Patrick Geddes's relationship with geography and visual education by focusing on his collaboration with the network of the anarchist geographers Élie, Élisée, and Paul Reclus. Drawing on empirical archival research, it contributes to the current debates on geographies of anarchist education and on geographic teaching. The main argument is that the collaboration between Geddes and the Recluses inaugurated specific strategies of multisensorial geographic education that were not limited to the sight, and that questioned and relativized the uniqueness of the observer's standpoint through devices like the Hollow Globe. Focusing on apparatuses like the Outlook Tower's geographic exposition and the Valley Section, it shows in which ways Geddes engaged with Élisée Reclus's critique of representation and geography as a visual discipline.
Visceral coccisdiosis in a common mynah (Acridotheres tristis) due to Isospora sp. infection

A captive adult common mynah (Acridotheres tristis) died shortly after a course of seizure and opisthotonous with an illness characterized by severe lethargy, depression, loss of appetite, polyurate, and urate discoloration. Abdominal distention and hepatomegly, visible over the abdominal skin, were noticed clinically. At necropsy, severe enlargement of liver with general discoloration was obvious. Histopathological findings included schizonts and gametes in the intestine, especially in the duodenum. Cytology from impression smears revealed intracyto-plasmic Atoxoplasma-like zoites in the inflammatory cells especially macrophages within the liver and in the contact smears prepared from the liver, lung, and spleen. Based on postmortem findings of the organisms in blood mononuclear cells and in impression smears of liver and Giemsa stained impression smears of liver, the spleen and lung atoxoplasmosis caused by Isoapora sp. was specified as the cause of death. According to the literature, visceral coccidiosis (atoxo-plasmosis), described here, could be considered as one of the severe causes of mortality among captive birds.
Accumulation of βm, a structural member of X,K-ATPase β-subunit family, in nuclear envelopes of perinatal myocytes

Recently discovered muscle-specific βm protein is structurally closely related to the X,K-ATPase β-subunits. However, it has a number of unique properties such as predominant localization in intracellular stores and lack of association with known X,K-ATPase α-subunits on heterologous coexpression. In this study, the primary structure of mouse βm was determined and developmental regulation of the gene (ATP1B4) was analyzed. The expression is first detected at day 14 of gestation, is sharply increased at day 16, and reaches its maximum at day 18. After birth, the expression quickly decreases and is hardly detectable in adult mice. A more detailed subcellular localization study was undertaken, and its results indicate that βm not only is located in sarcoplasmic reticulum but is concentrated in nuclear envelopes of both prenatal and postnatal skeletal muscles. Immunohistochemical studies show that βm is specific to myocytes and, at the subcellular level, many nuclear envelopes are intensively labeled in both .
PII: S0893-9659(96)00120-6

K e y w o r d s B L A S 3 operation, Block representation, Complex domain, Hyperbolic Householder transform, QR factorization. 1. I N T R O D U C T I O N The Householder transform [3] is very useful in matrix computations and signal processing [4]. In order to increase the performance of the Householder transform for QR factorization on vector supercomputers like CRAY series, Bischof and Van Loan [5] presented the first block Householder transform in terms of W Y representation, which is rich in matrix-matrix multiplications, i.e., BLAS 3 operation [6]. Later, Schreiber and Van Loan [1] proposed a compact W Y representation. Puglisi [2] presented an improved algorithm for involving more BLAS 3 operations based on the Woodbury-Morrison formula. We refer the reader to [7,8] for numerical behaviors of the compact representation. In this paper, a block representation for products of hyperbolic Householder transform, which is rich in matrix-matrix multiplications, is presented. Not only the representation is derived by a rather straightforward way instead of using the Woodbury-Morrison formula, but it also extends the previous results [1,2] to the complex domain. *Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed. The authors are indebted to the referees and D. J. Rose for their valuable suggestions and comments, which improved the quality and presentation of this paper, We would also like to thank C. Bishof for providing us some related papers. This research was supported in part by the National Science Council of R.O. C. under Contract NSC85-2121-M011-002. Typeset by ~4fl,~S-TEX
Effect of Copper and Silver Nanoparticles on Trunk Muscles in Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss , Walbaum, 1792)

Nanotechnology has been developing rapidly for the last 20 years. Silver and copper nanoparticles are commonly used in various industries. Popularization of nanoparticles (NPs) led to increase of their concentration in the aquatic environment. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effects of nanoparticle contamination on fish growth. In this study, to define nanoparticles impact on juvenile freshwater fish survivalability and growth, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792) were treated with silver (AgNPs) or copper (CuNPs) nanoparticles suspended in water. During the experiment body weight and length were measured. After the treatment trunk muscle tissue was sampled for histological and genetic analysis. The highest mortality and the lowest body weight was observed in juvenile rainbow trout treated CuNPs. Histological analysis showed disruptions in muscle structure in both experimental groups. Differences between AgNPs and CuNPs were observed in expression of genes associated with the growth of muscle tissue. These results indicate that metallic nanoparticles can affect growth and survivability of juvenile freshwater fish.
Intercalation of C60-Fullerol into Graphite Oxide

Herein, we report on the intercalation of C60-fullerol into graphite oxide. This was achievable due to the solubility of the guest species in water and the exfoliation/ reconstruction properties of the layered host. The resulting nanocomposite materials were characterized using a wide variety of techniques, including infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and electron microscopy.
Cosmopolitan risk community in a bowl: a case study of China’s good food movement

Abstract Ulrich Beck fundamentally transformed our way of thinking about human interdependence through his three core theses on risk, individualisation and cosmopolitanisation. However, two commonly observed deficiencies in Beck’s grand theory were its Eurocentric orientation and a lack of empirical grounding. Based on 5 focus groups and 14 interviews with participants of the emerging Clean Food Movement in China, this paper extends the Beckian discussion outside Europe. Through examining how individuals understand both ‘traditional’ and ‘new’ risks associated with contemporary food consumption, this paper demonstrates that in the face of unpredictable and incalculable harms, risks are not seen as a ‘thing’, but are translated into ‘causal relations’. Subsequently, for Chinese stakeholders, the best way to safeguard food risks is to enact more visible and functioning interdependent relations in the food system. This in turn has given rise to new forms of communities which cut across conventional geographic, socio-economic and political boundaries. The paper deepens a Beckian theorisation in two ways. First, it demonstrates that the ‘enabling’ effect of risk towards a cosmopolitan society is not limited to obvious global crises, such as climate catastrophes and financial meltdown. In fact, the mundane yet intimate concern of putting ‘good’ food in one’s dinner bowl already presses actors to form new social solidarities that are cosmopolitan in nature. Second, it goes beyond Beck’s assertion that the risk society has culminated in a cosmopolitan moment, and explores how a performative cosmopolitan community reshapes the ‘relations of definition’ to mitigate risks on the ground.
Maternal and Perinatal Outcome in Cases of Placenta Previa

Study of 88 cases of placenta previa during 1 year duration was carried out at civil Hospital, Ahmadabad. Demographic data, investigations, treatment & maternal and perinatal outcome were studied . 88 cases of placenta previa noted out of 6824 admitted deliveries which makes its incidence 1.3%. Caesarean rate was as high as 63.6%. Postpartum hemorrhage 17%, Blood products required in 65%. 4.5% still born, 71% Low Birth Weight babies & 20% early neonatal deaths observed. 2 maternal deaths in cases with placenta accrete & 22 perinatal deaths were present in this study which shows the severity of the condition & demand of vigilant monitoring & utmost medical attention.
A coupled observation - modeling approach for studying activation kinetics from measurements of CCN activity

This paper presents an approach to study droplet activation kinetics from measurements of CCN activity by the Continuous Flow Streamwise Thermal Gradient CCN Chamber (CFSTGC) and a comprehensive model of the instrument and droplet growth. The model, which can be downloaded from http://nenes.eas. gatech.edu/Experiments/ CFSTGC.html, is evaluated against a series of experiments with ammonium sulfate calibration aerosol. Observed and modeled droplet sizes are in excellent agreement for a wa- ter vapor uptake coefficient 0.2, which is consistent with theoretical expectations. The model calculations can be con- siderably accelerated without significant loss of accuracy by assuming simplified instrument geometry and constant parabolic flow velocity profiles. With these assumptions, the model can be applied to large experimental data sets to in- fer kinetic growth parameters while fully accounting for wa- ter vapor depletion effects and changes in instrument opera- tion parameters such as the column temperature, flow rates, sheath and sample flow relative humidities, and pressure. When the effects of instrument operation parameters, water vapor depletion and equilibrium dry particle properties on droplet size are accounted for, the remaining variations in droplet size are most likely due to non-equilibrium processes such as those caused by organic surface films, slow solute dissociation and glassy or highly viscous particle states. As an example of model application, data collected during a re- search flight in the ARCTAS 2008 campaign are analyzed. The model shows that water vapor depletion effects can ex- plain changes in the observed average droplet size.
Ichthyofauna in an estuary of the Mataripe area, Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia, Brazil

The community structure and dynamics as well as some biological parameters of selected species of the ichthyofauna of the Mataripe estuarine region affected by the Landulfo Alves Oil Refinery (RLAM) were analyzed. Twenty stations were sampled with a gillnet in five different periods: August and December 2003, March and July/August 2004 and January 2005. Thirty-five actinopterygian species and one elasmobranch species were recorded, Oligoplites saurus, Diapterus rhombeus, Lutjanus synagris and Scomberomorus brasiliensis among them, on all the campaigns. A total of 1368 specimens, weighing 36.10 kg, were caught. The ichthyofauna total biomass was greater, in weight, on the eastern side of the study region, especially at the stations close to the shoals/reefs and the rocky bottom. A similar pattern was also observed for the diversity values. In general, low evenness and diversity were observed in the area studied, possibly as a result of the fishing gear used. D. rhombeus juveniles dominated in all but one of the samplings (July 2004), in which latter Cyclichthys spinosus was dominant. Carangids and species associated with consolidated bottoms were observed, although in small numbers, throughout the study period. In spite of the limitations imposed by the gear used for sampling, the estuarine area influenced by the RLAM was seen to play a role as a growth area for the great majority of species, especially the mojarra (D. rhombeus), but it offers no fishing potential due to the prevalence of young and small individuals. Evidence of imminent spawning was recorded for Pomadasys corvinaeformis in August 2003, and recent spawning in March 2004 for Oligoplites saurus. Further, mature individuals occurred in insufficient numbers to permit population level evaluation.
Evolution of the migratory supply chain model

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reflect upon the impact of the original work and provide an updated model to reflect the changing environment for supply chains. In 2000, a migratory model for supply chain evolution was proposed. Design/methodology/approach – The authors start by analysing the content of the papers that have cited the original Christopher and Towill (2000) paper. The development of an updated migratory model is informed by the findings from this, and then demonstrated through a case study of the book supply chain. Findings – Despite being the major contribution, the majority of citing papers actually use other parts of the original work, and some potential reasons for this are proposed. An extra stage is added to the migratory model, reflecting a customer centric strategy. Research limitations/implications – Given that the migratory model appears under-researched, the authors identify this as an opportunity for future research and suggest that methods less common in supply chain .
Assessment of Indigenous Knowledge and Practices during Pregnancy, Labour and Delivery in Selected Villages of the Limpopo Province, South Africa

Abstract Indigenous knowledge is shared and communicated orally through different cultures. Indigenous practices have been undermined especially in treatment of illnesses. Western practices were regarded as the only acceptable ways of treating illnesses amongst African cultures whilst before arrival of Western medicine children were born in families using their own Indigenous Knowledge Systems. Despite all these it was found out that the traditional health practitioners (THPs) are the first to be consulted before the patient can go to the hospital and on coming back from the hospital they go to the THPs to give them feedback of what transpired at the hospital. This study aimed at determining indigenous practices that were used during pregnancy, labour and delivery among different cultural groups in the Limpopo Province. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research method was used. Data were collected through in-depth individual unstructured interviews in three villages of the Capricorn District with THP sand through focus group interviews with professional nurses undergoing PHC diploma training in one nursing school of the Limpopo Province. Five themes and their categories emerged from the data analysis. Recommendations suggest IKS Health Promotion Network which has to concentrate on several aspects regarding pregnancy, labour and delivery.
Parasitic fungi on Dryocosmus kuriphilus in Castanea sativa necrotic galls.

The spread of Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW) Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera Cynipidae) is an emergent constraint factor for Italian chestnut stands and orchards, considering its potential to reduce plants vigour and chestnut production. Biological control with the introduced parasitoid Torymus sinensis Kamijo (Hymenoptera Torymidae) is being performed in Italy, but search for autochthonous antagonists appears as an urgent topic to improve strategies for the protection of chestnut stands. This study reports the first finding and the parasitic action of fungi detected in necrotic wasp galls in some stands of Castanea sativa Mill. in Tuscany and Piedmont regions: Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) 25-b and 3-b, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. , Botrytis sp. were identified. After fungi were isolated, artificial inoculations were carried out in field: six selected strains were tested on 10 healthy galls each (two strains of FIESC 25-b, one of FIESC 3-b, two of Botrytis spp., and one of A. alternata). Dead adults of wasp were found inside 47% of the 60 treated galls, and the highest lethal effect was produced by the Fusarium strains (60-70%) and by one strain of Botrytis spp. (60%). Moreover mycelial linear growth in plate of the six strains was tested on gall extract agar medium (GEA), and compared to that on PDAmb and water-agar: on GEA the significantly (p < 0.001) highest linear growth was recorded for three strains after 4 days and four strains after 8 days. Isolation of Fusarium mycelia from bodies of dead adults, inside galls both naturally and artificially necrotized, emphasises their infective ability. In conclusion the two Fusarium species show interesting perspectives and verifiable opportunities for ACGW biocontrol.