Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ENHANCED EFFICIENCY NITROGEN FORMULATION EFFECT ON GRASS-LEGUME PASTURE PRODUCTIVITY

OF DISSERTATION ENHANCED EFFICIENCY NITROGEN FORMULATION EFFECT ON GRASS-LEGUME PASTURE PRODUCTIVITY The use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is generally restricted on mixed species forage systems due to its stimulatory effect on grasses which increases competition with legume species. Reduced legume growth from this competition can compromise forage nutritive value and prospective yields. The controlled-release nature of several enhanced efficiency fertilizer N products holds the potential to improve legume persistence in mixed species pastures while providing supplemental N required by the grass component. The studies contained in this dissertation evaluated the effect of different enhanced efficiency N formulations (ATU, ESN, methylene urea, SuperU, and a 75% ESN: 25% urea blend) and untreated urea on yield, nutritive value, and legume persistence in a ‘Wrangler’ bermudagrass and ‘Durana’ white clover mixture (2014-2016 growing seasons), ‘KY31’tall fescue and ‘Kenland’ red clover mixture (2015-2016 growing seasons), and ‘KY31’ stockpiled tall fescue (2015-2017). The three studies were conducted at the University of Kentucky Spindletop Research Farm in Lexington, KY in a randomized complete block design. In the bermudagrass-white clover study, all enhanced efficiency N sources maintained white clover populations similar to the unfertilized grass/clover control, but only ESN caused greater clover composition than standard urea. Total forage yields increased linearly with N rate in all years, but dry weather conditions in the second and third years resulted in lower total yield. Forage nutritive value followed general trends throughout each growing season, but ESN’s ability to maintain clover resulted in higher nutritive value. In the tall fescue-red clover, total forage yields curvilinearly increased with N rate in 2015 but did not vary in 2016. ESN and ESN+urea blend treatments retained clover composition similar to that of the unfertilized control. Stockpiled forage yield increased with higher N rates. Enhanced efficiency N fertilizers with the ability to control N release can enhance forage yield while maintaining clover in mixed species swards.
Finding Groups In Data

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Endocytosis of very low-density lipoprotein particles: an unexpected mechanism for lipid acquisition by breast cancer cells

We previously described the expression of CD36 and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) by breast cancer (BC) cells and tissues, and the growth-promoting effect of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) supplementation observed in BC cell lines only in the presence of LPL. We now describe the deployment of LPL by BC cells. Our data support a model in which LPL is bound to a heparin-like heparan sulfate proteoglycan motif on the BC cell surface and acts in concert with the VLDL receptor to rapidly internalize intact lipoproteins via receptor-mediated endocytosis. We further observe substantial alterations in gene expression programs related to pathways for lipid acquisition (synthesis vs. uptake) in response to each the availability of exogenous triglyceride in tissue culture media and LPL expression status. Current literature emphasizes de novo fatty acid synthesis as the paramount mechanism for lipid acquisition by cancer cells. Our findings indicate that exogenous lipid uptake can serve as an important method of lipid acquisition for cancer cells, alongside de novo lipogenesis, and that the relative reliance on these two modes of lipid acquisition may vary among different BC cell lines and in response to nutrient availability. This concept has obvious implications for the development of therapies aimed at the lipid dependence of many different cancer types. Moreover, the mechanism that we have elucidated provides a direct connection between dietary fat and tumor biology.
Biomass Expansion Factors (BEFs) and Carbon Stock for Brant's Oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) Forests in West-Iran

Investigating a tree’s biomass can provide basic information about forest carbon stock. The Biomass Expansion Factor (BEF) is a variable for estimating carbon stock of forests. The aim of this study was to analyse the Above Ground Biomass (AGB) allocation, developing the BEF and carbon stock for two vegetation forms of Brant’s Oak ( Quercus brantii Lindl.) based on forest inventory data. BEF is defined as the ratio of AGB to crown volume variables. The study data were taken from 30 trees that include 16 individual trees with single stem and 14 coppice shoots located in West-Iran. The trees selected were felled and separated into different components including: bole, main branches, lateral branches, twigs and leaves. The fresh weight of the trees was obtained with a portable hanging scale and several samples were taken from each tree component. The results of this study showed significant differences between component biomass proportions of the two vegetation forms of Brant’s Oak trees and determined average biomass and carbon content of the forms studied. We also conclude that BEF of Brant’s Oak could be improved by applying crown variables. According to the results, BEFs are tree-size dependent variables. Finally, this study indicates that age-dependent BEFs cannot be applied to conditions where stand development deviates from the conditions that in which the BEFs were developed.
The Use of Satellite Information (MODIS/Aqua) for Phenological and Classification Analysis of Plant Communities

Vegetation indices derived from remote sensing measurements are commonly used to describe and monitor vegetation. However, the same plant community can have a different NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) depending on weather conditions, and this complicates classification of plant communities. The present study develops methods of classifying the types of plant communities based on long-term NDVI data (MODIS/Aqua). The number of variables is reduced by introducing two integrated parameters of the NDVI seasonal series, facilitating classification of the meadow, steppe, and forest plant communities in Siberia using linear discriminant analysis. The quality of classification conducted by using the markers characterizing NDVI dynamics during 2003–2017 varies between 94% (forest and steppe) and 68% (meadow and forest). In addition to determining phenological markers, canonical correlations have been calculated between the time series of the proposed markers and the time series of monthly average air temperatures. Based on this, each pixel with a definite plant composition can be characterized by only four values of canonical correlation coefficients over the entire period analyzed. By using canonical correlations between NDVI and weather parameters and employing linear discriminant analysis, one can obtain a highly accurate classification of the study plant communities.
ANALISIS PRODUKSI SERASAH MANGROVE DI PANTAI MANG KALOK KABUPATEN BANGKA

Ekositem mangrove merupakan ekosistem pesisir yang memiliki peran dan fungsi ekologis penting dalam menunjang sumber daya perairan dan perikanan. Keberadaan ekosistem mangrove yang lestari dan sehat tidak dapat dipisahkan oleh suplai kandungan bahan organik yang berasal dari serasah mangrove. Serasah merupakan guguran struktur vegetatif dan reproduktif yang disebabkan oleh faktor ketuaan, stress oleh faktor mekanik, ataupun kombinasi dari keduanya dan kematian serta kerusakan dari keseluruhan tumbuhan oleh iklim (hujan dan angin). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui produksi serasah daun mangrove, membandingkan produksi serasah beberap jenis mangrove yang dominan terdapat di Pantai Mang Kalok, serta mengetahui nilai parameter lingkungan yang berkaitan dengan serasah. Penelitan ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Maret 2018 bertempat di Pantai Mang Kalok, Kecamatan Sungailiat, Kabupaten Bangka. Metode yang umum digunakan untuk pengambilan produksi serasah adalah metode litter-trap (Jaring penampung serasah). Produksi serasah daun mangrove di Pantai Mang Kalok lebih banyak dihasilkan dari jenis Ceriops decandra dengan massa 185,7gr/m2/30hari dibandingkan dengan jenis Rhizophora mucronata yang hanya memproduksi 119,6gr/m2/30hari. Adapun untuk total produksi serasah daun mangrove di Pantai Mang Kalok adalah 305,3 gr/m2/30hari atau 10,17 gr/m2/hari. Sedangkan parameter lingkungan menujukan kondisi perairan Pantai Mang Kalok masih baik dan dapat mendukung proses penyerapan bahan organik dari serasah daun mangrove.ANALYSYS OF MANGROVE LITTER PRODUCTION ON MANG KALOK BEACH, BANGKA REGENCY. The mangrove ecosystem is a coastal ecosystem that has important ecological roles and functions in supporting marine resources and fisheries. The existence of a sustainable and healthy mangrove ecosystem cannot be separated by the supply of organic matter from mangrove litter. Litter is vegetative and reproductive structures avalanches caused by the factor of aging, stress by mechanical factors, or a combination of both and the death and destruction of the whole plant by the climate (rain and wind). The purpose of this study was to determine the production of mangrove leaf litter, compare the production of litter of several dominant types of mangrove found in Mang Kalok Beach, and to determine the value of environmental parameters related to litter. Research was conducted in January until March 2018 in Mang Kalok Beach, District Sungailiat, Bangka. A common method used for making the production of litter is litter-trap method (Net container litter). The production of mangrove leaf litter in Mang Kalok Beach is more produced from the type Ceriops decandra with a mass of 185.7gr / m2 / 30 days compared to the type of Rhizophora mucronata which only produces 119.6gr / m2 / 30 days. The total production of mangrove leaf litter at Mang Kalok Beach is 305.3 gr / m2 / 30 days or 10.17 gr / m2 / day. While the environmental parameters show that the condition of Mang Kalok Beach is still good and can support the process of absorption of organic matter from mangrove leaf litter.
Brief communication: Urinary nitrogen excretion and water balance of dairy heifers fed cut plantain or perennial-ryegrass pastures

The objective of our study was to quantify the effect of feeding plantain (PL) or perennial ryegrass (RG) to dairy heifers on urinary nitrogen (N) excretion and water balance. In an indoor cut-and-carry system, four Jersey × Friesian dairy heifers were grouped and randomly assigned to one of two dietary treatments of RG or PL for two weeks. Daily drinking water intake was lower (P=0.010; 2.8 vs 6.9 L), and forage (P=0.038; 53.7 vs 29.1 L) and total (P=0.046; 56.5 vs 36.0 L) water intake were greater for PL than for RG, respectively. Heifers fed PL excreted more (P=0.009) water in faeces and urine than did heifers fed RG (48.9 vs 21.9 L/day, respectively). Urine N% was lower (P=0.008; 0.23 vs 0.62%) and daily urine volume was greater (P=0.003; 35.8 vs 15.1 L/heifer) for PL than those of RG, respectively. Total urinary N excretion was similar between PL (91.1 g/day) and RG (96.7 g/day). These results indicate that, in comparison with RG, feeding PL to dairy heifers does not reduce urinary N output, but reduces urinary N concentration, due to a greater urine volume.
Motivational Active Learning in Blended and Virtual Learning Scenarios: Engaging Students in Digital Learning

The way people learn has changed over the last years. New pedagogical theories show that engaging and active learning approaches are particularly successful in improving conceptual understanding and enhancing the students’ learning success and motivation. The Motivational Active Learning approach combines engagement strategies based on active and collaborative learning models with gamification. While many active learning models rely on in-class setups and active and personal interactions between students and between instructors, MAL was designed to integrate active learning in different settings. Our research project focuses on enhanced learning strategies with MAL in different computersupported scenarios. This chapter outlines the potential of the pedagogical model MAL (Motivational Active Learning) in the context of blended and virtual learning scenarios; it also summarizes relevant literature and discusses implications and future work. Motivational Active Learning in Blended and Virtual Learning Scenarios: Engaging Students in Digital Learning
Serum Copper, Zinc, Calcium and Magnesium Levels in Mothers with Offspring Affected by Neural Tube Defects: A Case-Control Study

Background: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are important causes of infant mortality, which result from a complex interaction between genetics and environmental factors such as trace elements, which play and crucial role in the epigenetic regulation in the embryo fetal developmental program. Objectives: To measure the maternal serum levels of copper, zinc, calcium and magnesium in mothers with offspring affected by NTDs, and to examine a possible relationship between the serum concentrations of these micronutrients and occurrence of NTDs. Design: Case-controls study. Subjects and Methods: Maternal serum blood samples were obtained from 72 healthy pregnant women and 36 mothers who had NTDs affected offspring, including those alive, stillbirths and elective pregnancy’ termination at Centro Provincial de Genetica in Villa Clara. Copper, zinc, calcium and magnesium levels in serum were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and were compared between the two groups of mothers. Results: Serum zinc levels were determined to be significantly lower in the study group compared with the control group, while copper levels were significant elevated in the study group (all p values < .05). There was a negative correlation between serum zinc levels and serum copper levels. However, no association between calcium and magnesium serum levels and increased risk for the development of NTDs was observed. Conclusions: High maternal serum levels of copper and lower level of zinc during pregnancy were associated with NTDs in offspring. If folic acid supplementation is given, additional zinc supplementation should be considered for the further decrease in the recurrence risk of NTDs.
Generation Mean Analysis of Quantitative Traits in Chickpea

Nature of gene effects for 11 quantitative traits was analyzed in six crosses involving eight genotypes of chickpea through means analysis of basic five generations viz., P1, P2, F1, F2 and F3. The additive, dominance and epistatic gene effects were observed, indicating importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions for the expression of quantitative traits. Duplicate type of epistasis was prevalent than complementary epistasis in almost all the crosses in different traits. So, recurrent selection for these traits is suggested. Introduction As a biometrical technique in crop improvement, generation mean analysis reveals the estimates of main gene effects (additive [d] and dominance [h]) along with their digenic interactions (additive × additive [i], additive × dominance [j] and dominance × dominance [l]) and finally, helps which traits can be used for pure line or heterosis in further breeding program. Thus, the present investigation was undertaken to study the gene effects and epistasis for 11 quantitative traits in chickpea. Materials and Methods BARI-Chola (Cicer arietinum L.) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 were procured from Regional Agriculture Research Station, Ishourdi, Pabna, Bangladesh. These varieties originated from ICRISAT line except BARI-Chola 5 which is collected from local cultivar of Pabna, Bangladesh. Selected varieties of chickpea were irradiated with irradiation source of Co at the Institute of Food and Radiation Biology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The radiation doses including control were 20 Kr = A, 30 Kr = B, 40 Kr = C and 0 Kr = D (control). After irradiation the varieties were regarded as lines. Trial of P1, P2, F1, F2, and F3 generations was conducted in the Botanical research field, University of Rajshahi in 2010-2011. The data of 11 quantitative traits viz., days to maximum flower (DMF), number of primary branches at maximum flower (NPBMF), number of secondary branches at maximum flower (NSBMF), plant height at maximum flower (PHMF), plant weight after fully dry (PWFD), root weight after fully dry (RWFD, number of pods per plant (NPd/P), pod weight per plant (PdW/P), number of seeds per plant (NS/P), seed weight per plant (SW/P) and 1000-seed weight (1000-SW) were collected on individual plant basis following C.G. S system. The presence or absence of epistasis in traits studied was detected by using C and D scaling test as suggested by Mather (1949) and Hayman and Mather (1955). Potence was done by comparing F1 and F2 means and joint scaling test by Cavalli (1952) was followed to see the adequacy of additive-dominance model. Here, two-parameter model (m and d) is done with five generations when potence is non-significant whereas, three-parameter (m, d and h) model is appropriate with significant potence values. Non-significant χ value revealed that traits governed Author for correspondence: ; . Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.
Analysis of Optimal Restart Policies for Software Systems

The restart is one of the typical environmental diversity techniques in dependable computing, and is quite effective to rejuvenate software systems at low cost. In this paper we generalize the seminal results on restart mechanisms by van Moorsel and Wolter (2004, 2006) and analyze optimal restart policies under more general conditions. We further develop a statistical algorithm to estimate the optimal restart policies from the empirical data of task processing time.
Clinical Profile and Management Techniques of Surgical Obstructive Jaundice Cases in a Tertiary Center at Bareilly

Abstract Introduction Obstructive jaundice is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Obstructive jaundice is not a definitive diagnosis. Detailed evaluation to establish the etiology of the cholestasis and cause of obstruction is crucial to avoid secondary pathologic changes and to plan different surgical techniques to intervene at an early stage. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 cases of surgical obstructive jaundice at Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences (SRMSIMS), Bareilly. Results The mean age of this study population was 48.44 ± 8.2 years, and 48% (24) patients had obstructive jaundice of benign etiology, whereas 52% (26) had malignant etiology. Among males, the common presentation was choledocholithiasis in benign disease and carcinoma of the gallbladder among malignancy. In females also, disease presentation was similar to that of males. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) was the most common method of biliary decompression in malignant group. For biliary decompression in patients of benign etiology, common bile duct (CBD) exploration with T-tube drainage was done in most cases. Conclusion Obstructive jaundice has different etiologic spectrum in both males and females. Irrespective of etiology, common presentation was pain (94% of the cases). Most patients with malignant etiology presented with palpable lump. PTBD was the most common method of biliary decompression in malignant group. CBD exploration with T-tube drainage has higher values of decrease in serum bilirubin, serum bilirubin (indirect), serum alkaline phosphatase, and albumin.
Effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus licheniformis derived-protease on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and fecal microbial shedding in post-weaned growing pigs

ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Bacillus licheniformis derived-protease supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal microbial shedding in post-weaned and growing pigs. A total of 90 crossbred (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) weaning pigs with an initial average body weight of 6.61 ± 1.73 kg were randomly allotted into 2 treatments with 9 replicate pens of 5 pigs for a 4-phase feeding trial. The treatments were: CON, basal diet; PROT, basal diet + 0.5 g/kg protease of diets (contained 75000 protease units per gram). During phase 3 (wk 3–6), average daily gain, and gain: feed ratio was increased (P < 0.05) in pigs fed PROT diet compared with those fed CON diet. During phase 3 and 4 (wk 6–11, growing phase), pigs fed PROT diet had higher (P < 0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter and crude protein than pigs fed CON diet. No differences were observed in fecal microflora between CON and PROT groups. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of Bacillus licheniformis derived-protease increased growth performance in post-weaned pigs and increased the digestibility of dry matter and crude protein in post-weaned and growing pigs.
HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN A PEREGRINE FALCON AND A PRAIRIE FALCON IN THE WILD

ABST•1⁄2T. --Interspecific hybridization in the wild between members of the order Falconiformes have rarely been reported. A successful pairing between a male Peregrine Falcon and a female Prairie Falcon that produced two young occurred in 1985 in southern Saskatchewan. Although actual copulations were never seen, several food transfers between the Peregrine and Prairie Falcon were observed, both birds incubated the eggs and both actively defended the eyrie site. The two young, both males, looked distinctly different from Prairie Falcons and after molting had blue backs, heavy malar stripes and rufous napes, characteristics typical of captive produced hybrids between these two species.