Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of occlusal splint therapy in patients with migraine or tension-type headache and comorbid temporomandibular disorder

Abstract Background: Migraine and tension-type headache often occur comorbid with temporomandibular disorder; occlusal splint therapy is the most common treatment for temporomandibular disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of occlusal splint therapy on headache symptoms in patients with migraine and/or tension-type headache comorbid with temporomandibular disorder. Methods: Sixty adult patients with migraine and/or tension-type headache and comorbid temporomandibular disorder were randomly assigned to individualized occlusal splint therapy applied during day- and nighttime plus usual care (n = 30) or usual care alone (n = 30). Primary outcome was the change in current pain intensity on a 100 mm visual analogue scale from week 1 to week 12. Secondary outcomes included changes in headache days and headache hours assessed by headache diaries over a 2-week period, health-related quality of life (SF-36), and adverse events from week 1 to week 12 and (in the occlusal splint plus usual care group only) to week 24. Results: No group differences in changes in pain intensity from week 1 to week 12 were found. The number needed to treat was 3.8. Physical quality of life reduced stronger in the usual care group than in the occlusal splint plus usual care group. In the occlusal splint plus usual care group, headache intensity significantly decreased and physical quality of life significantly increased from week 1 to week 12 and to week 24 (all P < .001). No adverse events were reported. Conclusions: A day- and night-time occlusal splint therapy in addition to usual care was not superior to usual care alone in patients with chronic headache and comorbid TMD. Four patients need to be treated to induce a minimal clinically relevant improvement in one patient. The small sample size and lack of power limit these findings.
The authors reply.

e792 www.ccmjournal. org September 2019 • Volume 47 • Number 9 groups; one was the “ICU Tele-medicine group,” and the other one was the “control group. ” In the meta-analysis, the authors have assumed (or labeled) the former as “post” and the latter as “pre,” when that was not actually the case. Second, the authors of this meta-analysis incorrectly used “11,158” as the number of total patients in their assumed “pre-Tele-ICU group. ” The correct number in the source article by Lilly et al (2) was actually, “11,558. ” This changes the pooled estimate reported in the meta-analysis. 3) The study by Fortis et al (3) describes the development and operational details of a “healthcare system level ICU program. ” The results from the study by Fusaro et al (1) for 2011 and 2012 cannot be taken as “pre and post” data. In the source article, it is clearly evident that “tele-medicine” across all ICUs was fully implemented somewhere between October 2011 and end of 2011. The data presented in Table 5 in (3) cannot, therefore, be taken as preversus post-tele-ICU interventions, since there must have been an overlap. 4) In the meta-analysis, the authors have incorrectly used the data from the article by Vespa et al (4). The source article in Table 1 (1) shows that the mortality for prerobot era was 10% (± 5%) in the 578 patients and 11% (± 7%) in the 640 patients from the “robot era. ” Vespa et al (4) did not report the actual numbers for “mortality” in either group (only means and sd). This begs the question as to how Fusaro et al (1) extracted the numbers “58” and “70” from the source article unless they used the means to calculate these numbers but ignored the sds of the means. I believe there are a couple of problems with this over-simplification: 1) the source article authors only commented on “mortality” and not ICU specific mortality and 2) it is not correct to simply take the mean and ignore the sd and then calculate the mortality, as what the authors of this meta-analysis have seemingly done so.
The Profile of Secondary Metabolites and Other Bioactive Compounds in Cucurbita pepo L. and Cucurbita moschata Pumpkin Cultivars

Plants and animals are sources of various bioactive compounds that exhibit a broad spectrum of health-promoting effects. Scientists continue studies on the chemical composition of many products in search of foods with high nutritional value. The pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.) is unquestionably a source of valuable nutrients. This vegetable is well-known all over the world and it is appreciated due to its high content of carotenoids, but it is still not much used in the processing industry. The aim of present study was to compare the flesh of 15 pumpkin varieties belonging to the Cucurbita pepo and C. moschata species in terms of the bioactive compound content (carotenoids, phenolic acids, flavonols, minerals and vitamins) and to demonstrate whether the variety has an effect on the chemical composition. To date, no such extensive research has been carried out in this area. The research revealed that the pumpkin pulp had high content of carotenoids. In nearly all cases lutein was the most abundant carotenoid. Numerous phenolic acids and flavonols were also identified. All the cultivars contained gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and rutin. The pumpkin pulp also contained alpha- and gamma-tocopherol. No beta- or delta-tocopherol was found. Potassium, calcium, and sodium were the most abundant minerals. The research also proved that the profile of bioactive compounds in the pumpkin pulp was considerably diversified and depended on the species and cultivar
Reproductive Pattern in Women with Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy: A Population-based Study

Objective. To examine the reproductive pattern of women with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) compared to the general population. Methods. Population-based, nationwide registers were used to identify offspring of women with IIM and comparators. Results. Women with IIM in general had similar reproductive patterns as the comparators, whereas in those diagnosed between 26 and 45 years of age, there was an overall trend for fewer children as well as a higher proportion of nulliparity and a lower fertility rate in women with dermatomyositis than their comparators. Conclusion. Reproductive attention should be paid to patients with IIM diagnosed during the childbearing period.
Population pharmacokinetic modelling and simulation of fremanezumab in healthy subjects and patients with migraine

Fremanezumab is a fully humanized IgG2Δa/κ monoclonal antibody specific for calcitonin gene‐related peptide developed and approved for the preventive treatment of migraine in adults. The population pharmacokinetics (PK) of fremanezumab were characterized in healthy subjects and patients with chronic migraine and episodic migraine, including the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on PK variability.
Severe lumbar radiculopathy with epidural venous plexus engorgement in a morbidly obese pediatric patient

Abstract Introduction: Engorgement of the epidural venous plexus (EVP) is a rare cause of nerve root impingement. Dilated epidural veins cause compression of the thecal sac and spinal nerve roots, leading to lumbar radiculopathy. Patient concerns: Here we describe a case of severe lumbar radiculopathy in a 15-year-old morbidly obese boy. Diagnosis: Enhanced lumbar magnetic resonance imaging revealed left sided L1–L2 disc protrusion and engorgement of the lumbar EVP, resulting in narrowing of the thecal sac in the entire lumbar spine. There was no evidence of an intra-abdominal mass, thrombosis of the inferior vena cava, or vascular malformation. Interventions: A caudal epidural block was administered under fluoroscopic guidance. The patient reported a 30% reduction in pain intensity for just 1 day. Outcomes: The patient has been followed up for 2 years. He continues to take medication, including morphine sulfate 15 mg, gabapentin 300 mg, and oxycodone 20 mg per day. He is on a diet with exercise for weight reduction. Conclusion: An engorged EVP should be considered in the differential diagnosis of radiculopathy in morbidly obese patients.
Efficacy of an email-based recording and reminding system for limiting daytime nonfunctional tooth contact in patients with temporomandibular disorders: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND Oral parafunctional activities such as daytime nonfunctional tooth contact (nFTC) are considered etiological factors for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of an email-based recording and reminding system for limiting daytime nFTC in patients with TMDs. METHODS Thirty patients with TMDs (mean age, 30.7 ± 8.7 years) were randomly assigned to three groups according to the intervention for limiting nFTC: cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with an email-based recording and reminding system for 20 days (e-CBT group, n = 10), CBT with a sticky note reminder for 20 days (s-CBT group, n = 10), and simple verbal instructions to avoid nFTC that were provided before the experimental period (control group, n = 10). The frequency of nFTC, range of pain-free unassisted mouth opening, and pain intensity during painful unassisted maximum mouth opening were evaluated before and after the experimental period. RESULTS The frequency of nFTC significantly decreased after the intervention in the e-CBT and s-CBT groups. Among the three groups, the decrease in the nFTC frequency was the maximum in the e-CBT group (p < 0.01). In addition, the range of pain-free unassisted mouth opening showed a significant increase in all three groups, with the maximum improvement in the e-CBT group (analysis of variance, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that our email-based recording and reminding system may have the potential to effectively control daytime nFTC and could be an effective strategy for the management of TMDs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Insights on glycated albumin.

Like all proteins, plasma albumin can undergo glycation to produce glycated albumin. This glycation will change the structure and therefore functionalities of albumin. Because of its accessibility, its high concentration and its half-life the glycation of albumin is greater than that of haemoglobin. Laboratory measurement of glycated albumin is possible. The value of glycated albumin reflects the glycaemic balance over a period of 3 weeks, and shows its interest in cases where the determination of HbA1c is impossible or deficient. It also seems that the glycated albumin has a prognostic interest in the chronic kidney disease patients dialyzed or not. In some patients, the assay of glycated albumin could replace measurement of fructosamines and provide additional information to HbA1c values.
Pattern Perception in Quiet and at Different Signal to Noise Ratio in Children with Learning Disability.

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess pattern perception at different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in children with learning disability (LD) and typically developing children. The first objective of this study was to estimate the identification scores in quiet and at different SNR (0 dB SNR and -5 dB SNR) in children with LD and to compare the result with the typically developing children. The second objective of the study was to estimate identification scores for words differing in syllable length (monosyllable, bisyllable, and trisyllable) for both the groups of children with LD and typically developing children and to compare the result for both the groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants included 60 children including 40 typically developing children and 20 children with LD in the age range 7-11 years. Speech perception was assessed using words varying in syllable length (monosyllables, bisyllables, and trisyllables), and was tested in quiet and at different SNR (0 dB SNR and -5 dB SNR). RESULTS Compared to typically developing children, perception was affected in children with LD. For children with LD, the perception was best in quiet condition and was least at -5 dB SNR. Trisyllables showed the best result followed by bisyllables and monosyllables. CONCLUSION Children with LD showed poor pattern perception compared to typically developing children. SNR had a significant effect on the performance of children with LD. The length of the stimuli also had an effect on the perception in children with LD.
Conference on ‘Inter-individual differences in the nutrition response: from research to recommendations’ Symposium 2: Sex differences in nutrient availability and health Sex hormones and n-3 fatty acid metabolism

α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is an n-3 fatty acid found in plant-derived foods such as linseeds and linseed oil. Mammals can convert this essential fatty acid into longer-chain fatty acids including EPA, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and DHA. Women demonstrate greater increases in the EPA status after ALA supplementation than men, and a growing body of animal model research identifies mechanisms by which sex hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone interact with the synthesis of EPA and DHA. Alternatively, EPA, DPA and DHA can be consumed directly, with oily fish being a rich dietary source of these nutrients. However, current National Diet and Nutrition Data reveals a median oily fish intake of 0 g daily across all age ranges and in both sexes. As longer-chain n-3 fatty acids have a crucial role in fetal and neonatal brain development, advice to consume dietary ALA could prove to be a pragmatic and acceptable alternative to advice to consume fish during pregnancy, if benefits upon tissue composition and functional outcomes can be demonstrated. Further research is required to understand the effects of increasing dietary ALA during pregnancy, and will need to simultaneously address conflicts with current dietary advice to only eat ‘small amounts’ of vegetable oils during pregnancy. Improving our understanding of sexspecific differences in fatty acid metabolism and interactions with pregnancy has the potential to inform both personalised nutrition advice and public health policy.
Label-Free Exosomal Detection and Classification in Rapid Discriminating Different Cancer Types Based on Specific Raman Phenotypes and Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Exosomes contain different functional bimolecular characteristics related to physiological or pathological processes and are now recognized as new biomarkers in different human cancers. Rapid detection and classification of cancer-related exosomes might be helpful in the rapid screening of patients that may have cancer. Here, we report a surface enhanced Raman scattering technology for rapid and label-free exosomal detection (Exo-SERS) to aid in the discrimination of different cancer cells based on specific Raman phenotypes and multivariate statistical analysis. The results demonstrated that exosomes derived from both tumor cells and normal cells exhibit special, unique Raman phenotypes. Using the Exo-SERS method, the cancer cells were accurately discriminated from normal cells, and subtle molecular changes between the different cell types could be detected with high sensitive. This research provides a rapid, label-free and non-destructive manner for detecting and discriminating between cancer types.
Post-ICU Recovery Clinics in the Era of Digital Health and Telehealth.

e796 www.ccmjournal. org September 2019 • Volume 47 • Number 9 According to the authors, Figure 1B and 1C in (1) has been taken in an axial approach and Figure 1E and 1F in (1) has been taken in a coronal approach. To be sure that the measurement is taken in an axial approach, the scanned plane should include the lens and the optic nerve insertion. In this way, it is possible not only to be sure to be on axis but also to have reference points to measure the ONSD at the same 3-mm distance from the ON insertion. Unfortunately, neither in Figure 1B, nor in Figure 1C in (1), is possible to see the lens and, more importantly, in Figure 1C in (1), the scan does not correspond to the ON insertion, in fact the ocular wall and some orbital tissue are visible between the sclera and the optic nerve. In our opinion, this makes the image look more like a transverse scan than an axial one, as it is more similar to Figure 1E and 1F than Figure 1B in (1). May be the image was incorrectly chosen. Furthermore the authors, in the figures note, state that the optic nerve is showed as a “sharply demarcated circle, measured at its widest diameter (E). If edema is seen the measurement is taken at the outer edge (F, outer calipers). ” We have some concerns in regard to this statement. First of all, if an optic nerve edema is suspected by the examiner, the measurement was made including other structures, making obvious that this will appear larger. Additionally, it seems that, according to the authors, the low reflective circle should be the optic nerve and the surrounding higher reflective structure should prove the presence of edema. In our opinion, this statement should not correspond to the anatomic conditions. To the best of our knowledge, in case of intracranial hypertension, the ONSD increase is due to the increased presence of subarachnoidal fluid between the arachnoid and pia that surrounds the optic nerve. According to the authors, it seems that the optic nerve, which is a solid structure, appears less reflective than liquor, which is a fluid. How can it be? In our opinion, this description is difficult to explain. The authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest.
“That is an Awful Lot of Fruit and Veg to Be Eating”. Focus Group Study on Motivations for the Consumption of 5 a Day in British Young Men

Young men do not consume enough fruit and vegetables, increasing their risk for future ill health. To understand what motivates their food choice, a novel conceptual framework that included key concepts from the theory of planned behavior and risk theory was developed. Thirty-four British men (18–24 years) took part in focus groups, where innovative visual qualitative methods provided insight into participants’ motivations for fruit and vegetable consumption. Based on information from food diaries, participants were described as high (4+ portions) or low (up to 3 portions) consumers. Interviews were coded thematically into concepts and characteristics of the conceptual framework. Young men were generally unaware of the UK government’s recommendation to consume 5 portions of fruit and vegetable a day and chronic health risks associated with low consumption. High consumers were motivated by perceived risk, perceived behavioral control, and health-conscious self-identity. They held internalized, holistic beliefs about diet and health, whereas low consumers’ beliefs were externalized, based on physical appearances. Low consumers were driven by social influences to consume cheap, easily available convenience foods. The conceptual framework differentiated levels of fruit and vegetable consumption between the two groups and provided new information about young men’s motivations for fruit and vegetable consumption.
Double-Diffusive Recipes. Part I: Large-Scale Dynamics of Thermohaline Staircases

AbstractThree-dimensional dynamics of thermohaline staircases are investigated using a series of basin-scale staircase-resolving numerical simulations. The computational domain and forcing fields are chosen to reflect the size and structure of the North Atlantic subtropical thermocline. Salt-finger transport is parameterized using the flux-gradient formulation based on a suite of recent direct numerical simulations. Analysis of the spontaneous generation of thermohaline staircases suggests that thermohaline layering is a product of the gamma instability, associated with the variation of the flux ratio with the density ratio . After their formation, numerical staircases undergo a series of merging events, which systematically increase the size of layers. Ultimately, the system evolves into a steady equilibrium state with pronounced layers 20–50 m thick. The size of the region occupied by thermohaline staircases is controlled by the competition between turbulent mixing and double diffusion. Assuming, in acc.
The Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ): Does it really measure fear beliefs?

STUDY DESIGN A cohort study with 12 months of follow-up. OBJECTIVE To assess 1) the unidimensionality of the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) and 2) whether single questions in the FABQ predict future sickness absence as well as the whole scale. SUMMARY OF THE BACKGROUND DATA The fear-avoidance model is a leading model in describing the link between musculoskeletal pain and chronic disability. However, reported measurement properties have been inconsistent regarding the FABQ. METHODS Individuals (n = 722) sick listed due to musculoskeletal, unspecified or common mental health disorders undergoing rehabilitation was included. A Rasch analysis was applied to evaluate the measurement properties of FABQ and its two subscales (physical activity and work). Linear regression was used to assess how well single items predicted future sickness absence. RESULTS The Rasch analysis did not support the FABQ or its two subscales representing a unidimensional construct. The 7-point scoring of the items was far too fine meshed and in the present population the data only supported a yes or no or a 3-point response option. The items were invariant to age, whereas two of the items revealed gender differences. The item "I do not think that I will be back to my normal work within 3 months" was the best predictor of future sickness absence. Adding the item "I should not do my regular work with my present pain" improved the prediction model slightly. CONCLUSIONS The FABQ is not a good measure of fear-avoidance beliefs about work or physical activity, and the predictive property of the FABQ questionnaire is most likely related to expectations rather than fear. Based on these results we do not recommend using the FABQ to measure fear-avoidance beliefs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1.
IDO1 depletion induces an anti-inflammatory response in macrophages in mice with chronic viral myocarditis

ABSTRACT Inflammation and myocardial weakness, two major hallmarks of chronic viral myocarditis (VMC), often lead to dilated cardiomyopathy or chronic heart failure. It has been reported that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) may play a pathogenic role in the progression of inflammatory diseases. Hence, the study is set out to investigate the potential role of IDO1 in chronic VMC by establishing a mouse model of VMC by intraperitoneally injected with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). After model establishment, the expression of IDO1 was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. IDO1 was identified as an up-regulated gene in CVB3-induced VMC. Then, in order to elucidate the potential role of IDO1 in VMC, macrophages were isolated and treated with the overexpression plasmid of IDO1 or IDO1 inhibitor (1-MT). After that, these transfected macrophages were co-cultured with normal cardiomyocytes, followed by measurement of inflammatory factors and evaluation of cardiomyocyte injury. The overexpression of IDO1 was observed to significantly enhance the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as well as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. By contrast, the treatment of 1-MT in macrophages reversed the promoting effects of IDO1 on cardiomyocyte injury. Co-culture experiment showed that overexpressed IDO1 impaired cardiomyocyte, which was alleviated upon treatment of 1-MT. Taken together, the key findings of the present study provide evidence that 1-MT-mediated IDO1 suppression could potentially reduce inflammatory response in macrophages and consequently ameliorate cardiomyocyte injury in mice with VMC.