Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring Urban Consumers’ Attitudes and Intentions to Purchase Local Food in Chile

Abstract Although local food consumption is growing in importance, there remains a lack of research addressing local food consumption preferences in less developed countries. This article aims to examine the drivers of local food purchase intentions for Chilean consumers. A model of local food behavioral intention was developed from consumer behavior theory. The model was tested using structural equation modeling with data from Chilean shoppers located in Santiago (n = 283). The analysis revealed that Chilean consumers are willing to purchase local food based on their positive attitude toward buying local food and their feelings of connectedness with the environment, but not because they have a desire to support local businesses. These findings have implications for retailers, marketers, and food producers.
Comparison of outcome from intensive care admission after adjustment for case mix by the APACHE III prognostic system.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate the acute physiology, age, chronic health evaluation III (APACHE III) scoring system in the context of general adult ICUs in the United Kingdom. DESIGN Prospective, noninterventional, cohort study. SETTING Seventeen general adult ICUs in a discrete area of southwest England. PATIENTS 12,793 patients admitted between April 1, 1993 and December 31, 1995. MEASUREMENTS Sociodemographic and severity-of-illness data were collected for all patients admitted to the study units. Formal goodness-of-fit tests were applied and observed mortality was compared with that predicted by using the APACHE III system. RESULTS For the group of ICUs as a whole, the risk-adjusted standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 1.23 (95% confidence intervals, 1.12-1.25). For 11 out of 17 ICUs, the SMR was significantly greater than unity (p < 0.05). Calibration, as tested by Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics, was poor (H2 = 312.54; C2 = 332.85; df = 8; p < 0.01); however, model discrimination was good with a total correct classification rate of 82.9% and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.89. CONCLUSIONS The excess mortality observed after case-mix adjustment using the APACHE III system in this study may be the result of either poor intensive care performance as compared with the United States or a failure of the APACHE III equation to fit the UK data.
Platelet rich plasma versus laser therapy in lateral epicondylitis of elbow

Background Platelet rich plasma (PRP) extract has shown to be a general stimulation for repair and currently used widely in various sports injury. A prospective observational study was done to assess the efficacy of autologous PRP injection in lateral epicondylitis of elbow, and compare the result with low level laser therapy. Materials and Methods The trial was conducted at a tertiary care center for a period of 2 years. Eighty-one patients with chronic lateral epicondylitis were divided into two groups. PRP group ( n = 39) and laser therapy group ( n = 42). The primary analysis included Nirschl pain score, local tenderness, pain on wrist extension, grip strength, elbow swelling were clinically assessed at different interval of followup (minimum followup: 52 weeks) and; clinical and functional outcome evaluated at final followup. The statistical analysis were done. Results The mean Nirschl pain score decreased significantly from baseline in PRP when compared with low level laser therapy ( P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions Treatment of patients with chronic lateral epicondylitis with PRP extract reduced pain and significantly increased function, exceeding the effect of low level laser therapy on long term followup. Low-level laser therapy is better in the short term period, but on long term followup injection PRP therapy is better than laser therapy in lateral epicondylitis.
Community interventions and initiatives to prevent obesity.

Communities have been highlighted as key settings for obesity-prevention interventions [ 1 ]. Community-based obesity-prevention interventions can target individual behaviour, e.g. through the provision of information, advice, support, and feedback at a group or personal level. These interventions can also target the environment of a community, sometimes through policy changes, so that healthy changes can be made more easily. Just some examples of environmental changes include providing healthy options at a workplace cafe, running ‘breakfast clubs’ at schools, improving walkways and footpaths, and providing free or reduced-cost activities at community leisure centres. The main advantage of targeting communities for obesity-prevention interventions is the range of existing groups and systems that can be tapped into. This means the problem can be tackled through different methods and from different directions. Examples of community settings are schools, community centres, community service providers, children’s centres, places of worship, and workplaces. Another strength of community-based interventions is that communities, by their nature, bring together large numbers of people, adding strength and a common bond when tackling a common problem. However, it is important that researchers or intervention implementers use appropriate communityengagement and -development techniques, and bear in mind that those in greatest need are often the hardest to reach. This chapter provides an overview of the issues and challenges in developing and implementing community-based obesity-prevention intervention programmes. The chapter briefly discusses the quality of available evidence, describes current community-based initiatives and the challenges in designing and managing them, and discusses the nature of the evidence required to inform policy and practice.
Quadrature receiver mismatch calibration

This article introduces nonlinear regression techniques to estimate gain and phase mismatches between the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) branches of a quadrature receiver. Under modest assumptions, the system intrinsically follows a nonlinear regression model. The algorithm is effective, easily implemented, customizable, and requires few assumptions. Large-sample, jackknife, and bootstrap techniques provide on-line error assessment and parameter inference.
Stage-Specific Expression of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Type I Receptor Messenger Ribonucleic Acid During Ovarian Follicle Development in the Rat1.

Expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a neuropeptide with considerable homology to vasoactive intestinal peptide, has been shown to be stimulated by gonadotropins in the ovary. The present studies further evaluated the cell-type specific expression and gonadotropin regulation of PACAP type I receptor (PACAPR) messenger RNA in immature rat ovaries and in cultured preovulatory follicles. Northern blot analysis of ovaries obtained from prepubertal rats revealed the increased expression of PACAPR during prepubertal development. The major cell types expressing PACAPR messenger RNA were granulosa cells of large preantral follicles. Treatment of immature rats with PMSG caused a decrease in ovarian PACAPR expression. In contrast, treatment with human (h) CG at 2 days after PMSG treatment stimulated ovarian PACAPR messenger RNA within 3–6 h in granulosa cells of preovulatory follicles. Treatment of cultured preovulatory follicles in vitro with LH further confirmed the time- and .
A case of hypertrophic feline muscular dystrophy in a Belgian domestic shorthair cat

A 3-year-old, male domestic shorthair cat was presented with signs of progressive muscular hypertrophy. A diagnosis of hypertrophic feline muscular dystrophy was made through the typical clinical presentation in cats and through the results of medical imaging and electrodiagnostics and the findings on histopathology and immunohistochemistry of muscle biopsies. The cat was initially successfully treated with prednisolone. Eight months after presentation, however, the cat was euthanized because of acute renal failure. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first report of hypertrophic feline muscular dystrophy in a domestic cat in Belgium.
Measurements of Eustachian Tube Dilation by Video Endoscopy

Objectives:To create techniques for measurement of parameters of Eustachian tube (ET) dilation as observed with video endoscopy.To study correlations of the parameters between healthy subjects and patients with ET dysfunction to determine if they may be important for clinical or investigational use. Study Design: Prospective study in an academic center. 3 groups of adults: healthy subjects, otitis media with effusion (OME), patulous ET. Intervention: Video software analyses were performed on video recordings from subjects' transnasal endoscopy to measure parameters of the tubal dilation cycle. Results: 24 ETs of 15 healthy subjects, 24 ETs of 15 patulous ET and 20 ETs of 13 OME patients. Mean values for healthy subjects: cycle time 995 ms (SD 404.7), valve opening time 10.5 ms (SD 6.34), torus rotation time 176 ms (SD 151.5 and angle of torus rotation 34.2° (SD 14.3). Palatal elevation, measured as a percentage of torus height was 34.8% (SD 16.6) and excursion of the antero-lateral wall 35.5 % (SD 16.3). Lateral excursion of the antero-lateral wall was significantly less in patulous ET (18.7%, SD 15.1, p = 0.001) and in dilatory dysfunction (23.9%, SD 21.7, p = 0.048). The other parameters were not statistically different between healthy subjects and patients. Conclusion: Lateral excursion of the ET's antero-lateral wall was significantly reduced in OME and patulous ET patients compared with healthy subjects. Evaluation of the excursion of the lateral wall of the ET, which is due to TVP muscle action, may be an important parameter for further clinical and research study.
Performance of Three MODIS Fire Products (MCD45A1, MCD64A1, MCD14ML), and ESA Fire_CCI in a Mountainous Area of Northwest Yunnan, China, Characterized by Frequent Small Fires

An increasing number of end-users looking for ground data about fire activity in regions where accurate official datasets are not available adopt a free-of-charge global burned area (BA) and active fire (AF) products for applications at the local scale. One of the pressing requirements from the user community is an improved ability to detect small fires (less than 50 ha), whose impact on terrestrial environments is empirically known but poorly quantified, and is often excluded from global earth system models. The newest generation of BA algorithms combines the capabilities of both the BA and AF detection approaches, resulting in a general improvement of detection compared to their predecessors. Accuracy assessments of these products have been done in several ecosystems; but more complex ones, such as regions that are characterized by frequent small fires and steep terrain has never been assessed. This study contributes to the understanding of the performance of global BA and AF products with a first assessment of four selected datasets: MODIS-based MCD45A1; MCD64A1; MCD14ML; and, ESA’s Fire_CCI in a mountainous region of northwest Yunnan; P.R. China. Due to the medium to coarse resolution of the tested products and the reduced sizes of fires (often smaller than 50 ha) we used a polygon intersection assessment method where the number and locations of fire events extracted from each dataset were compared against a reference dataset that was compiled using Landsat scenes. The results for the two sample years (2006 and 2009) show that the older, non-hybrid products MCD45A1 and, MCD14ML were the best performers with Sorensen index (F1 score) reaching 0.42 and 0.26 in 2006, and 0.24 and 0.24 in 2009, respectively, while producer’s accuracies (PA) were 30% and 43% in 2006, and 16% and 47% in 2009, respectively. All of the four tested products obtained higher probabilities of detection when smaller fires were excluded from the assessment, with PAs for fires bigger than 50 ha being equal to 53% and 61% in 2006, 41% and 66% in 2009 for MCD45A1 and MCD14ML, respectively. Due to the technical limitations of the satellites’ sensors, a relatively low performance of the four products was expected. Surprisingly, the new hybrid algorithms produced worse results than the former two. Fires smaller than 50 ha were poorly detected by the products except for the only AF product. These findings are significant for the future design of improved algorithms aiming for increased detection of small fires in a greater diversity of ecosystems.
Diagnostic accuracy of salivary scintigraphic indices in xerostomic populations.

PURPOSE Three decades of work to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of salivary scintigraphy have generated various plausible decision criteria. This study evaluates four commonly cited numeric indices in studies of xerostomic populations and how accurately they identify Sjögren's syndrome, chronic sialadenitis, radiation sialadenitis, and drug effects and distinguish each from the other. METHODS Stimulated dynamic salivary scintigraphy was performed on 295 xerostomic patients and on 31 controls. The nonparametric area under the receiver operating characteristic curves expressed the diagnostic accuracy of the following scintigraphic indices: the parotid:submandibular ratio of unstimulated glandular activity, the peak:baseline uptake ratio, its time of occurrence, and the stimulated excretion fraction. RESULTS The stimulated excretion fraction distinguished Sjögren's syndrome and radiation sialadenitis from healthy states with respective accuracies of 0.78 and 0.90. The maximum diagnostic payoff in Sjögren's syndrome occurred at a cutoff of 73%, yielding a 73% rate of test sensitivity and a 73% rate of specificity. The other three indices were not useful. Even the stimulated excretion fraction performed indifferently or poorly in most other diagnostic tasks. CONCLUSIONS In the scintigraphic examination of xerostomic and healthy populations, an acceptable diagnostic utility of the stimulated excretion fraction was evident only in Sjögren's syndrome and radiation sialadenitis. When presented with differential diagnostic alternatives not involving radiation sialadenitis, none of the four numeric indices performed acceptably.
Healthy Entrepreneurs for Healthy Businesses : An Exploratory Study of the Perception of Health and Well-Being by Entrepreneurs

With this paper, we want to emphasise the importance of healthy entrepreneurs for sustainable business development. We contribute to the field of entrepreneurship and show how entrepreneurs assess their own health state. We contribute to the field of occupational health by explicitly focusing the social dimension of health besides the physical and mental well-being. Drawing on a multiple-case study of six entrepreneurs, we show that entrepreneurs' rarely perceive their health as a resource for business performance. Whereas the concept of physical well-being is relatively well understood by the entrepreneurs, they have a very limited awareness and understanding of the mental and social well-being dimensions.
SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR DO QUEIJO MINAS ARTESANAL DO SERRO, MINAS GERAIS, EM FUNÇÃO DA ADOÇÃO DE BOAS PRÁTICAS DE FABRICAÇÃO

The production of Minas Traditional Serro Cheese without the Good Manufacturing Practices compromises the quality of the product, offering risks to consumer’s health. Aiming to identify the main points of contamination of the milking and cheese manufacturing process and their correlation with the microbial contamination, a structured questionnaire about the hygienic and sanitary conditions of cheese production was applied to cheese producers. In addition, samples of cheese were collected and analyzed for coliforms 30oC, Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , and aerobic mesophilic bacteria. The points identified, presenting correlation with microbiological analysis, were insalubrity of the place where the cheese was manufactured, presence of domestic animals, and the hygiene of food handlers. It is essential to qualify producers to adopt corrective and preventive measures to minimize or avoid contamination of the Minas Traditional Serro Cheese. KEY-WORDS: Minas Traditional Serro Cheese; Staphylococcus aureus ; Escherichia coli .
Entrepreneurial Learning and Innovation: Building Entrepreneurial Knowledge from Career Experience for the Creation of New Ventures

The relation between entrepreneurial learning and innovation is poorly understood – especially with respect to how entrepreneurs build up their capability to create new ventures. In this chapter we employ arguments from theories of experiential learning to examine the extent to which entrepreneurs’ prior career experience is associated with entrepreneurial knowledge that can be productively used in the new venture creation process. We relate entrepreneurial knowledge to two distinct learning outcomes: the ability to (1) recognize new venture opportunities, and (2) cope with liabilities of newness. Based on analysis of data from 291 Swedish entrepreneurs, we provide novel insights into how and why entrepreneurs differ in their experientially acquired abilities in different phases of the new venture creation process. © 2012, IGI Global.
Effect of backpack load on the head, cervical spine and shoulder postures in children during gait termination

Twelve boys with an average age of 9.9 years were instructed to carry backpacks that weighed 0%, 10% and 15% of their body weights (BWs) to complete planned and unplanned gait termination experiments. The craniohorizontal, craniovertebral and sagittal shoulder posture angles at the sagittal plane as well as the anterior head alignment and coronal shoulder posture angles at the coronal plane were analysed. Results revealed significantly smaller craniohorizontal and sagittal shoulder posture angles during planned gait termination and a significantly smaller sagittal shoulder posture angle during unplanned gait termination under loaded conditions compared with those at 0% BW backpacks. Furthermore, the coronal shoulder posture angles at 10% and 15% BW during planned and unplanned gait terminations were significantly larger than those at 0% BW. Therefore, subjects were more likely to have a forward head posture, rounded shoulder posture and increased lateral tilting of the shoulders during gait termination as backpack loads were increased. However, gait termination, whether planned or unplanned, did not elicit a remarkable effect on posture. Practitioner Summary: This descriptive study was performed to quantify the effects of carrying different backpack loads on the postures of children during planned and unplanned gait terminations. An increase in backpack loads resulted in a more forward head posture, more rounded shoulder posture and increased lateral tilting of the shoulders during unplanned gait termination.
Safety of antitumour necrosis factor‐α therapy in psoriatic patients with hepatitis B virus infection

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The Capital Budgeting Decisions of Small Businesses

This paper uses survey data compiled by the National Federation of Independent Business to analyze the capital budgeting practices of small firms. While large firms tend to rely on the discounted cash flow analysis favored by finance texts, many small firms evaluate projects using the payback period or the owner’s gut feel. The limited education background of some business owners and small staff sizes partly explain why small firms use these relatively unsophisticated project evaluation tools. However, we also identify specific business reasons — including liquidity concerns and cash flow estimation challenges — to explain why small firms do not exclusively use discounted cash flow analysis when evaluating projects. These results suggest that optimal investment evaluation procedures for large and small firms might differ.
Effect of Personal Financial Knowledge on College Students’ Credit Card Behavior

Analysis of survey data collected from 6,520 students at a large Midwestern University affirmed that financial knowledge is a significant factor in the credit card decisions of college students but not entirely in expected ways. Results of a double hurdle analysis indicated that students with relatively higher levels of financial knowledge were not significantly different from students with relatively lower levels in terms of the probability of having a credit card balance. Contrary to expectations, those with higher levels of financial knowledge had significantly higher credit card balances. Overall, the present findings highlight the complex nature of the relationship between personal financial knowledge and credit card behavior.
Do domestic and foreign fund managers have similar preferences for stock characteristics? A cross-country analysis

Using a new unique data set on mutual fund stockholdings, we identify several interesting similarities and differences in the stock preferences of domestic and foreign fund managers from 11 developed countries. Results show that both groups of managers prefer stocks with high return on equity, large turnover, and low return variability, and that they also exhibit differential investment behavior. Domestic managers also favor firms that pay large dividends, have low financial distress and high growth potential, whereas foreign managers prefer to invest in corporations that are globally well known. The demand for globally visible stocks by foreign managers is especially strong when their fund mandate is to diversify globally or across regions, and is weakened when their stock holdings are concentrated mainly in a specific local market. The results also show no difference in the stock preferences of American-, European- and Asian-based funds. In general, our overall evidence suggests that the differential mandates of fund managers and hence the geographic allocations of their fund investments influence their stock preferences, but not the geographic location of the managers.