Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Pramlintide for Weight Loss

Objective: To evaluate the weight-loss effects of pramlintide. Data Sources: A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE (1950–October week 4, 2009), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970–October 2009), and Evidence Based Medicine Database (1991–2009 week 44) to identify relevant publications. Key words searched included pramlintide, weight loss, obesity, and overweight. Additional data sources were obtained through a bibliographic review of selected articles. Study Selection/Data Extraction: All studies conducted on humans and published in English that examined the effects of pramlintide on body weight as a primary or secondary endpoint were selected for analysis. Data Synthesis: Pramlintide is a human amylin analog approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in conjunction with insulin therapy in patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes. In addition to its glucoregulatory actions, pramlintide has been shown to increase satiety and, therefore, decrease calorie Intake via a central mechanism. Several studies show that this translates into statistically significant weight loss in overweight or obese patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes; patients with type 1 diabetes lost up to 1.7 kg over 1 year with pramlintide 60 μg 3 times daily, while patients with type 2 diabetes experienced a placebo-subtracted weight loss of up to 3.7 kg after 16 weeks of pramlintide 120–240 μg administered 3 times daily. Preliminary trials assessing the use of pramlintide for weight loss in obese patients without diabetes have demonstrated weight loss of up to 8 kg after 1 year. In all studies, the drug was generally well tolerated, with nausea being the most commonly reported adverse effect. Conclusions: Based on preliminary evidence, pramlintide facilitates modest weight loss in obese or overweight patients with and without diabetes. However, current trials were limited by inconsistent study design, dosing, and patient population.
QoS-Guaranteed Controller Placement in SDN

The controller placement problem tries to place $k$ controllers in a given network to optimize performance metrics such as propagation latency, load distribution, network reliability and failure resilience. However, the quality of service (QoS) is always a primary concern of the network operators in the placement of SDN controllers. Since the SDN controllers are responsible to provide services for switches, the response time of controllers is an important QoS parameter of network operators. In this paper, we introduce the QoS-Guaranteed Controller Placement problem: Given a network topology and a response time bound, how many controllers are needed, where to place them, and which switches are assigned to each of the controller. We propose three heuristic algorithms: incremental greedy algorithm, primal-dual-based algorithm and network-partition-based algorithm. The proposed algorithms are tested and compared on the Internet Topology Zoo, a dataset of public available network topologies. Simulation results show that the proposed incremental greedy method slightly outperforms the other two methods on all input topologies.
Further characterization of a rat hepatoma-derived aldose-reductase-like protein--organ distribution and modulation in vitro.

A protein detected in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-initiated rat hepatomas by two-dimensional electrophoresis at 35 kDa/pI 7.4 was identified in a previous study by internal amino acid micro sequencing as an aldose-reductase-like protein [Zeindl-Eberhart, E. , Jungblut, P. R. , Otto, A. & Rabes, H. M. (1994) Identification of tumor-associated protein variants during rat hepatocarcinogenesis, J. Biol. Chem. 269, 14589-14594]. Two-dimensional electrophoresis of rat lens proteins revealed a spot at 37 kDa/pI 6.8 that showed a high degree of identity (98.5%) with rat lens aldose reductase after amino acid sequencing and 80% sequence identity to the rat-hepatoma-derived aldose-reductase-like protein. This suggests that hepatoma-derived aldose-reductase-like protein and rat lens aldose reductase are related proteins encoded by different genes. A different expression profile of these proteins was found in various rat organs. Rat lens aldose reductase is present, in addition to in lens, in heart, brain, muscle, lung, duodenum, kidney, spleen and bone marrow, while the hepatoma-derived aldose-reductase-like protein is found preferentially in hepatomas and in embryonic liver. Though different in organ expression, an identical response was found for both proteins after stimulation with fibroblast growth factor-1 and after exposure to increased glucose concentrations. Since rat hepatoma-derived aldose-reductase-like protein is expressed in embryonic, but not in adult liver, it is assumed that it is expressed in hepatomas as a functionally active embryonal type of aldose reductase during hepatocarcinogenesis. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the hepatoma-derived aldose-reductase-like protein is expressed already in the preneoplastic stage of hepatocarcinogenesis and might potentially serve as a marker enzyme in early hepatic neoplasia.
The evolutionary characteristics and structural biology of Gallus toll‐like receptor 21

Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are an important part of the innate immune system, acting as a first line of defense against many invading pathogens. The ligand known to bind Gallus toll‐like receptor 21 (gTLR21) is the unmethylated cytosine phosphate guanine dideoxy nucleotide motif; however, the evolutionary characteristics and structural biology of gTLR21 are poorly elaborated. Our results suggest that gTLR21 is phylogenetically and evolutionarily related to the TLR11 family and is perhaps a close ortholog of the Mus TLR13. Structural biology of homology modeling of the gTLR21 ectodomain structure suggests that it has no Z‐loop like that seen in Mus TLR9. The cytosolic toll‐IL‐1 receptor region of gTLR21 contains a central 4‐stranded parallel β‐sheet (βA‐βD) surrounded by 5 α‐helices (αA‐αE) on both sides, a highly conserved structure also seen in other TLRs. Molecular docking analysis reveals that the gTLR21 ectodomain has the potential to distinguish between different ligands. Homodimer analysis results also suggest that Phe842 and Pro844 of the BB loop and Cys876 of the αC helix in gTLR21 are conserved in other cytosolic toll‐IL‐1 receptor domains of other TLRs and may contribute to the docking of homodimers. Our study on the evolutionary characteristics and structural biology of gTLR21 reveals that the molecule may have a broader role to play in innate immune system; however, further experimental validation is required to confirm our findings.
Reduction of variation in bed occupation by optimizing the Master Surgery Schedule : an adaptive large neighborhood approach

Medisch Spectrum Twente (MST), the top-clinical hospital of Enschede has a new building in use since July 2016. Along with the deployment of this new building, MST faces economic difficulties. MST started an efficiency program to reduce their costs. One of the main goals of the efficiency program is to save costs by reducing variability of processes. One of the key points here is the reduction of variability in bed utilization. Several projects are done to reduce this variability. One perspective is to balance the elective patient stream from the operating room to the nursing wards. To achieve this, we research the effect of the Master Surgery Schedule (MSS) on the bed occupation in the nursing wards. The research objective we use is: \To reduce variability in bed utilization by optimization of the Master Surgery Schedule. "
Consumers’ Intention towards Halal Food in Low-Cost Airlines in Kelantan, Malaysia

Low cost airline is the airline that excluding many traditional passenger services and offers generally low fares in exchange. In-flight meal is one of the services that being offered in the low-cost airlines, but the passenger must pay for it. The acceptation of halal food in Malaysia is still low compared to neighbouring country. This study is aimed to identify the intention’s level of consumers and the relationship between religion and consumers intention towards Halal food in low-cost airlines. A self-administered survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire to collect data from the survey respondents. 75 respondents were involved in this study. Purposive sampling technique has been used, and the questionnaire form was designed and adapted based on the ‘TPB’ model. The data collected are entered and analysed using computerizes programmed of SPSS version 21.0. The analysis used is descriptive analysis and Chi-Square analysis. The result illustrates that consumers are mostly at the moderate level of intentions on halal food in low-cost airlines. The findings revealed that religion do have relationship with the intention toward halal food in low-cost airlines.
Polymorphisms in Inflammatory Mediator Genes and Risk of Preeclampsia in Taiyuan, China

Excessive maternal inflammatory response is involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Few epidemiologic studies have investigated the associations between genetic variations in the inflammatory mediator genes and preeclampsia risk, and these studies have reached inconsistent results. We examined 31 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-1R1, IL-2RA, IL-5RA, IL-6, IL-6R, TNFSF11, TNFRSF11A, IL-28RA, IRAK4, and KIT genes and the risk of preeclampsia and its clinical subtypes in a nested case–control study including 203 preeclampsia cases and 233 controls. We found that IL-1R1, IL-5RA, IL-6R, and TNFSF11 were associated with the risk of preeclampsia. Although the significant associations observed for preeclampsia overall were mainly seen for late-onset preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia, IL-6R (rs2229238) and TNFSF11 (rs9525643) polymorphisms were associated with the risk of early-onset preeclampsia. TNFSF11 (rs2200287 and rs2148072) polymorphisms were associated with risk of mild preeclampsia. Our study provided the first evidence that genetic variations in inflammatory mediator genes IL-1R1, IL-6R, TNFSF11, and IL-5RA were associated with preeclampsia risk, and the risk varied by preeclampsia subtypes.
nfrared canopy temperature of early-ripening peach trees under postharvest eficit irrigation

Canopy temperature measurements with infrared thermometry have been extensively studied as a means of assessing plant water status for field and row crops but not for fruit trees such as peaches. Like in many regions of the world, the lack of water is beginning to impact production of tree fruit such as peaches in the San Joaquin Valley of California. This is an area where irrigation is the only source of water for agricultural crops in the summer growing season. A two-year field study was conducted to assess plant water stress using infrared canopy temperature measurements and to examine its feasibility for managing postharvest deficit irrigation of peach trees. Twelve infrared temperature sensors were installed in a mature peach orchard which received four irrigation treatments: furrow and subsurface drip irrigation with or without postharvest water stress. During the two-year period, measured midday canopy to air ◦ ruit quality temperature differences in the water-stressed postharvest deficit irrigation treatments were in the 5–7 C range, which were consistently higher than the 1.4–2 ◦C range found in the non-water-stressed control treatments. A reasonable correlation (R2 = 0.67–0.70) was obtained between stem water potential and the canopy to air temperature difference, indicating the possibility of using the canopy temperature to trigger irrigation events. Crop water stress index (CWSI) was estimated and consistently higher CWSI values were found in the deficit irrigation than in the control treatments. Results of yield and fruit quality tent w assessments were consis
The impact of international TV media coverage of the Beijing Olympics 2008 on China's media image formation: a media content analysis perspective

This study aims to explain the impact of the Beijing Olympic Games 2008 on China's image in the international TV media. It applies agenda-setting theory to analyse foreign TV coverage of the Olympics in nine countries. Using Rivenburgh's national image richness construct, it attempts to make sense of the coverage before and after Beijing 2008, particularly its impact on the image of the host country. The study concludes that the breadth and attribution of China's image remained relatively stable, that these factors did not improve China's national image directly but that indirectly they raised awareness of China in the international media and framed the host country's image more clearly.
Pengaruh Board Size, Leverage, dan Kualitas Audit terhadap Nilai Perusahaan

This study aimed to examine the effect of board size, leverage, and audit quality of the company's value in the property and real estate company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2010-2014. The variables tested in this study consisted of board size, leverage, and audit quality indicators auditor competence and independence of auditors and the company's value. The object of this research is company property and real estate that is growing lately, which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2010-2014. This study used linear regression to examine whether there is a significant positive effect between the independent variable on the dependent variable, where the independent variables tested were board size, leverage, and audit quality, while the dependent variable is the value of the company. Data using multiple regression analysis to answer the research hypothesis with the Eviews 6. The results of this study are (1) board size positive effect on the value of the company, (2) Leverage does not affect the value of the company. (3) The audit quality as measured by the competence of auditors has no effect on the value of the company, while the audit quality as measured by the auditor's independence positive significant effect on firm value. The implications of this study is to provide investment options to investors in using the money to invest (not only invest in companies manufacturing and banking).
A 5 Year Histopathological Study of Skin Adnexal Tumors at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Skin adnexal neoplasms are uncommon and are daunting diagnostic problems in view of the wide spectrum of lesions and their variants. Benign adnexal neoplasms are more common than malignant lesions. Aim: To study histopathology of skin adnexal neoplasms and to correlate with the clinical profile. Methodology: 51cases with a diagnosis of skin adnexal neoplasm over a 5 year period reported in the Department of Pathology, Mysore Medical College & Research Institute were included in the study. Histopathological examination was done on Haematoxylin& Eosin stained slides and corroborated with special stains wherever required. Results: Skin adnexal tumors were most common in the age group of 40 to 49 years (21.56%, 11/51). Male to female ratio was 1:1.68. The head and neck region was the most common site affected (64.70%, 33/51) with 39.21% (20/51) caseslocated on the face. 74.50% (38/51) cases were benign and 25.49% (13/51) cases were malignant. The sweat gland tumors formed the largest group involving 43.13% (22/51) cases followed by the hair follicle tumors 37.25% (19/51) followed by sebaceous gland tumors 19.60% (10/51). Nodular hidradenoma was the most common benigntumor . Trichoblastic carcinoma and sebaceous carcinoma were the most frequent malignant adnexal tumors in our study. Conclusion: Histopathological examination is indispensable in the diagnosis of skin adnexal lesions owing to their wide spectrum and frequency of differentiation along two different lines in the same lesion.
CASUALIZATION AND LABOUR UTILIZATION IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT Casualization in the Nigerian labour market is a subject of great concern. Increase casual employees are filling positions that are permanent in nature; in line with employee vulnerability in Nigeria is the high level of unemployment and accompanying poverty. The world economic meltdown has bred a dangerous work environment where many desperate job seekers in the labour force are willing to take any job for survival purposes rather than dignity. Labour exploitation is pervasive in many organizations in Nigeria. It manifests itself in one form or the other including poor salary, wages and salary arrears system, training, promotion, motivation, sense of belonging, job satisfaction and dehumanization of work and workers. Casualization is the other name for a temporary employment, which is manifest in industries, whether in transnational, multinational, public or private and in the informal sector. Definitions of casual employment are often a site of confusion and controversy, marked by tensions between vernacular, regulatory and contractual meanings. Therefore, this paper is to examine casualization and labour utilization in Nigeria. The paper was guided by the neo-liberal theory and the social action theory. The choice of these theories is informed by the fact that no one single theory can explain in totality the relationship between casualization and labour utilization in Nigeria. Key words: Dehumanization, Labour Exploitation, Job Satisfaction, Temporary Employment, Privatization and Commercialization
Thermal Performance of an Open-Slot Modular-Wound Machine With External Rotor

This paper describes the thermal analysis of an external-rotor brushless permanent-magnet motor used in a traction application. The machine has a nonstandard open-slot stator lamination and is wound with a single-layer concentrated ``modular'' winding. This structure potentially has several heat transfer advantages compared to the more traditional double-layer concentrated winding. An analytical lumped-parameter thermal model has been developed for the machine to gain an understanding of the main cooling mechanisms and to investigate the potential heat transfer advantages. The thermal advantage of the modular winding over the more conventional 1.5-slot-per-pole design is presented. Results from the developed thermal model have been validated experimentally on a prototype wheel hub motor.
Distributed Value Representation in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex during Intertemporal Choices

The ability to resist current temptations in favor of long-term benefits is a critical human capacity. Despite the extensive studies on the neural mechanisms of intertemporal choices, how the subjective value of immediate and delayed rewards is represented and compared in the brain remains to be elucidated. The present fMRI study addressed this question by simultaneously and independently manipulating the magnitude of immediate and delayed rewards in an intertemporal decision task, combined with univariate analysis and multiple voxel pattern analysis. We found that activities in the posterior portion of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (DmPFC) were modulated by the value of immediate options, whereas activities in the adjacent anterior DmPFC were modulated by the subjective value of delayed options. Brain signal change in the ventral mPFC was positively correlated with the “relative value” (the absolute difference of subjective value between two intertemporal alternatives). In contrast, the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex activity was negatively correlated with the relative value. These results suggest that immediate and delayed rewards are separately represented in the dorsal mPFC and compared in the ventral mPFC to guide decisions. The functional dissociation of posterior and anterior DmPFC in representing immediate and delayed reward is consistent with the general structural and functional architecture of the prefrontal cortex and may provide a neural basis for human's unique capacity to delayed gratification.
The auditor’s opinion modifications around domestic and global financial crises

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of company characteristics such as the level of financial distress, client size and type of auditor on the propensity to issue modified audit opinions and to assess comparative differences in audit opinions during two significant economic crises in Turkey. Design/methodology/approach Logistic regression model is used to test the incremental contribution of each company characteristic on issuing the type of audit opinion for crisis periods. Additionally, to understand the reasons for differences in audit opinions between two types of crisis periods, the authors adopt Francis and Krishnan’s (2002) approach in which an auditor’s propensity to issue modified opinion may be jointly based on changes in client characteristics and auditor reporting strategies in that period. Findings The results indicate that there is a positive relationship between financial distress and the likelihood of receiving modified opinions in both crisis periods. Additionally, client size affects audit opinions negatively in both periods significantly. Auditors show higher propensity to issue a modified opinion during the domestic than the global financial crisis period, which could be explained by the changes in client characteristics more than their reporting strategy. Practical implications This study provides supportive evidence that the company characteristics including the financial distress can be very useful predictors for the auditors’ decisions while issuing their opinions. Originality/value The findings of different auditor behaviors during crises periods and possible reasons are the main contributions of this study for international and domestic regulators, investors, audit firms, academics and standard setters in emerging economies.
Retweet if you please! Do news factors explain engagement?

Abstract Stakeholders’ engagement with corporate messages is crucial for companies that want to increase their social media coverage. However, our understanding of the content-related factors that drive stakeholders’ engagement is still poor. Drawing from the literature on news selection and distribution, this paper explores whether the relevant news values that are already found in corporate messages could also explain greater engagement in social media. In particular, six news factors were examined in a sample of 2331 tweets that were posted by the Euro Stoxx 50 companies. The results show that four news factors (in particular, Prominence, Entertainment, Immediacy, and to a lesser extent Human interest) play a role in the drive of content sharing through retweets and favorites. Additionally, the inclusion of hashtags and media content helps increase retweets and favorites. Finally, we observe differences among industries. In particular, firms operating in business-to-business industries obtain less reach through sharing. The implications of these results are relevant for social media strategists as they suggest avenues to increase followers’ engagement with company-produced content.
Paraneoplastic Encephalitis Associated With Cystic Teratoma Is Detected by Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography With Negative Magnetic Resonance Image Findings

The role of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) as a functional imaging technique used in the evaluation of a variety of malignancies has been well known. Paraneoplastic encephalitis is a rare central nervous complication, which has been reported in some tumors. Traditionally, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain is performed to aid in its diagnosis. The authors report a case of paraneoplastic encephalitis, associated with cystic teratoma, which had positive FDG-PET findings but appeared normal on magnetic resonance imaging.