Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
El uso de feromonas para el control de Tuta absoluta: primeras experiencias en campo

La polilla del tomate, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), es una plaga muy virulenta que ha experimentado una gran expansion desde su deteccion en Espana el ano 2007. El desarrollo de un sistema de monitoreo fiable era basico para la deteccion y el seguimiento poblacional de la plaga. Asimismo, el desarrollo de la tecnica de confusion sexual puede anadir una herramienta de control complementaria y permitir un manejo integrado de plagas en el cultivo del tomate. Los difusores Scenturion® de Suterra utilizados actualmente son productos eficaces y fiables para el monitoreo y trampeo masivo de T. absoluta. Los difusores de extrusion de Suterra aportan la tecnologia idonea para el desarrollo de productos de confusion sexual de T. absoluta y una mayor persistencia a la actual como productos de monitoreo/trampeo. Sin embargo, el desarrollo de la tecnica de confusion sexual de T. absoluta esta aun en fase inicial para alcanzar resultados agro-economicos satisfactorios. Hay necesidad de obtener la feromona sexual sintetica de T. absoluta a un coste mucho menor para poder disponer de un producto comercial adaptado a las necesidades agro-economicas del consumidor final (agricultor).
${\cal H}$-Representation and Applications to Generalized Lyapunov Equations and Linear Stochastic Systems

This paper introduces an <i>H</i>-representation method to express an <i>n</i><sup>2</sup> × 1 vector <i>X</i><sup>→</sup> as <i>X</i><sup>→</sup>=<i>H</i>[(<i>X</i>)\tilde]. Based on the introduced <i>H</i>-representation approach, several topics are extensively discussed, including the generalized Lyapunov equations (GLEs) arising from stochastic control, stochastic observability, generalized <i>D</i>-stability and <i>D</i>-stabilization, weak stability, and stabilization. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence and uniqueness of the symmetric and skew-symmetric solutions of GLEs is presented, respectively. Moreover, the solution structure of GLEs is also clarified. Through the <i>H</i>-representation method, several necessary and sufficient conditions are also obtained for stochastic observability, generalized <i>D</i>-stability and <i>D</i>-stabilization, weak stability, and stabilization.
Paranormal healing and hypertension

A prospective randomised trial was carried out to see whether paranormal healing by laying on of hands might reduce blood pressure in essential hypertension and whether such an effect might be due to a paranormal, psychological, or placebo factor. Patients were randomised to three treatment groups: paranormal healing by laying on of hands (n=40), paranormal healing at a distance (n=37), and no paranormal healing (controls; n=38). Healing at a distance and no paranormal healing were investigated double blind. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly reduced in all three groups at week 15 (mean reduction (95% confidence interval) 17·1 (14·0 to 20·2)/8·3 (6·6 to 10·0) mm Hg). Only the successive reductions in diastolic blood pressures among the groups from week to week were significantly different. Each week diastolic pressure was consistently lower (average 1·9 mm Hg) after healing at a distance compared with control, but on paired comparison these differences were not significant. Probably week to week variations among the groups accounted for any differences noted. In this study no treatment was consistently better than another and the data cannot therefore be taken as evidence of a paranormal effect on blood pressure. Probably the fall in blood pressure in all three groups either was caused by the psychosocial approach or was a placebo effect of the trial itself.
The global debt governance system for developing countries: deficiencies and reform proposals

ABSTRACT Debt crises in developing countries in previous decades have revealed the need for a reform of the current global debt governance (GDG) system that is characterised by a high degree of fragmentation, parallel structures, and ineffective instruments. The current GDG system has neither prevented nor fully resolved debt crises in developing countries. To establish an efficient and effective GDG framework it is necessary to reform the GDG system at two different levels. At the instrument level, it is time to reform existing instruments for both prevention and resolution of debt crises and to put in place new instruments such as an insolvency procedure for states. At the systemic level, establishing an adequate GDG system does not only mean choosing appropriate individual instruments but also using them in a complementary manner. Instruments belonging to one set of tools – crisis prevention or crisis resolution – should be linked to each other. In the same vein, the two sets of instruments for crisis prevention and crisis resolution should be combined.
Role of Activating Fc&ggr;R Gene Polymorphisms in Kawasaki Disease Susceptibility and Intravenous Immunoglobulin Response

Background— A functional polymorphism in the inhibitory IgG-Fc receptor gene Fc&ggr;RIIB influences intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) response in Kawasaki disease (KD), a vasculitis preferentially affecting the coronary arteries in children. We tested the hypothesis that the polymorphisms in the activating receptors (Fc&ggr;RIIA, Fc&ggr;RIIIA, and Fc&ggr;RIIIB) also influence susceptibility, IVIG treatment response, and coronary artery disease in patients with KD. Methods and Results— We genotyped polymorphisms in the activating Fc&ggr;RIIA, Fc&ggr;RIIIA, and Fc&ggr;RIIIB using pyrosequencing in 443 patients with KD, including 266 trios and 150 single parent-child pairs, in northwest United States and genetically determined race with 155 ancestry informative markers. We used family-based association to test for transmission disequilibrium and further generated pseudosibling controls for comparisons with the cases. The Fc&ggr;RIIA-131H variant showed an association with KD (P=0.001) with an additive odds ratio (OR) of 1.51 (95% CI, 1.16–1.96; P=0.002) for the primary combined population, which persisted in both white (P=0.04) and Asian (P=0.01) subgroups and is consistent with the recent genome-wide association study. We also identified overtransmission of the Fc&ggr;RIIIB neutrophil antigen 1 (NA1) variant among IVIG nonresponders (P=0.0002) and specifically to white IVIG nonresponders (P=0.007). ORs for overall and white nonresponders were 3.67 (95% CI, 1.75–7.66; P=0.0006) and 3.60 (95% CI, 1.34–9.70; P=0.01), respectively. Excess NA1 transmission also occurred in patients with KD with coronary artery disease (ORadditive, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.11–4.0; P=0.02). Conclusions— A common variation in Fc&ggr;RIIA is associated with increased KD susceptibility. The Fc&ggr;RIIIB-NA1 variant, which confers higher affinity for IgG than the NA2 variant, is a determining factor for treatment response. These activating Fc&ggr;Rs play an important role in KD pathogenesis and the IVIG antiinflammatory mechanism.
The Consequences of Forced Migration for Host Communities in Africa

This paper reviews the evidence on the consequences of hosting forced migrants (i.e. refugees or internally displaced persons) in Africa. Overall, the presence of forced migrants is positive for local economies, but there are multiple consequences of hosting displaced populations and some could be negative (e.g. environmental damage, competition for resources, labour market displacement). The implications of hosting forced migrants are also likely to be different across sectors of the host population and several papers identify ‘winners’ and ‘losers’ among the host community members. Finally, the impacts of hosting forced migrants can have long-lasting consequences and change the hosting communities even after the forced migrants have left. The paper also identifies several key gaps in the literature. Among these gaps, the lack of research on the consequences of hosting internally displaced persons and the scarce evidence on the implications of refugee repatriation for communities of return standout as particularly important.JEL Codes: J43, J46, F22.
Participation in a Traditional Mentorship Program: A Multiple Case Study of Alternatively Certified Teachers

The purpose of this multiple case study was to understand the impact of a traditional mentorship program on 13 alternatively certified teachers in a suburban school district in the southeastern part of the state of Virginia. This research utilized a qualitative multiple case study design. Guiding this qualitative study were Knowles’ adult and Mezirow’s transformative learning theories. Knowles’ (1970) theory projects the idea of using experiential learning to construct one’s own meanings, while Mezirow’s (1995) theory advances the idea of humans constructing new ideas and meanings based on new perspectives. The central research question guiding this study was: How did participation in a traditional teacher mentorship program in a suburban school district in the southeastern part of the state of Virginia impact alternatively certified teachers’ success? Thirteen alternatively certified teachers who participated in a traditional teacher mentorship program during their first year in the profession were chosen through purposeful criterion sampling. Data collection included document analysis/archival records, field notes/observations, and teacher interviews. Preliminary analysis, coding, cross-case synthesis, and naturalistic generalizations were used for data analysis. Key-words: traditional and alternative certification, traditional mentorship program
High Throughput Preparation of Aligned Nanofibers Using an Improved Bubble-Electrospinning

An improved bubble-electrospinning, consisting of a cone shaped air nozzle, a copper solution reservoir connected directly to the power generator, and a high speed rotating copper wire drum as a collector, was presented successfully to obtain high throughput preparation of aligned nanofibers. The influences of drum rotation speed on morphology and properties of obtained nanofibers were explored and researched. The results showed that the alignment degree, diameter distribution, and properties of nanofibers were improved with the increase of the drum rotation speed.
Myocardial performance is impaired in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion

Objective To investigate whether the Tei index, which is an indicator of global myocardial function and an independent predictor of cardiac death, is increased in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Methods The Tei index was used to evaluate myocardial performance, in addition to conventional echocardiographic evaluation of myocardial structural and functional changes, in patients with BRVO, patients with hypertension and healthy controls. Results Out of 36 patients with BRVO (18 female, 18 male; 17 hypertensive, 19 normotensive), 29 patients with hypertension (15 female, 14 male) and 28 healthy controls (15 female, 13 male), there were no significant between-group differences in age and sex. The mitral A wave was higher and mitral E/A ratio, mitral E wave and ejection time were lower, in patients with BRVO than in healthy controls. Mean Tei index was significantly higher in the BRVO group than in patients with hypertension or healthy controls. Compared with healthy controls, the Tei index was significantly higher in hypertensive and normotensive patients with BRVO. Conclusion Myocardial performance is decreased in patients with BRVO, independent of whether or not they have hypertension.
The role of entrepreneurial education and support in business growth intentions: the case of Canadian entrepreneurs

We investigate the role of academic and non-academic entrepreneurship education programs on entrepreneurs’ growth intentions by employing attributes perceived by entrepreneurs as valuable in their education. Entrepreneur status (nascent/wanna-preneurs versus experienced entrepreneurs) is then explored to decipher its influence on these relationships. We analyzed a sample of 2609 Canadian adults who were active or non-active (wanna-preneurs) in entrepreneurship activity. The results confirmed the significant impact of the ‘traditional’ essence of academic (e.g. knowledge) and non-academic (e.g. funding) programs on growth intentions. They further proved the relevance of academic programs to experienced entrepreneurs and of non-academic programs to nascent/wanna-preneurs intentions toward growing their business. Implications of these results for higher education and programs for entrepreneurs, as well as for policy-makers, are discussed.
Multiracial in Middle School: The Influence of Classmates and Friends on Changes in Racial Self-Identification.

In the present research, the influence of racial diversity among classmates and friends on changes in racial self-identification among multiracial youth was examined (n = 5,209; Mage = 10.56 years at the beginning of sixth grade). A novel individual-level measure of diversity among classmates based on participants' course schedules was utilized. The findings revealed that although there was some fluidity in multiracial identification at the beginning of middle school, changes in multiracial identification were more evident later in middle school. In addition, although diversity among classmates and friends both increased the likelihood of multiracial identification in the beginning of middle school, only diversity among friends mattered later in middle school, when fluidity in multiracial identification was at its peak.
Role of Cholesterol in Developing T‐Tubules: Analogous Mechanisms for T‐Tubule and Caveolae Biogenesis

Recent work has suggested that caveolae biogenesis and transverse‐tubule (T‐tubule) formation in muscle cells share similar underlying features. We compared the properties of caveolin‐1 (cav‐1)‐positive caveolae, in epithelial cells, with caveolin‐3 (cav‐3)‐positive precursor T‐tubules, in differentiating C2C12 muscle cells, using the cholesterol‐binding drug, Amphotericin B (AmphB). Treatment of MDCK epithelial cells with acute high doses or chronic low doses of AmphB caused a loss of surface caveolae and the rapid redistribution of cav‐1, and exogenously expressed cav‐3, from the cell surface into modified endosomes. This effect was reversible and specific, as the GPI‐anchored protein, alkaline phosphatase, was largely unaffected by the treatment unless it had been previously partitioned into caveolar domains. In differentiating C2C12 mouse myotubes, AmphB also caused a complete redistribution of cav‐3 from precursor T‐tubule elements into enlarged endosomes, morphologically very similar to those seen in MDCK cells. This was accompanied by redistribution of a T‐tubule marker and a dramatic reduction in the extent of surface‐connected tubular elements. We propose that cholesterol‐enriched glycolipid ‘raft’ domains are involved in the formation and maintenance of diverse membrane systems including caveolae and the T‐tubule system of muscle.
A diagnosis-prescription system for nitrogen management in environment

A decision support system in the framework of the geographic information system (GIS) and subsurface flow model, Hydrosub, were used to identify critical areas from simulated spatial distributions of relative nitrogen export. Diagnosis and prescription Expert Systems (ES) are developed and applied to the identification of probable causes of excessive nitrogen export and selection of appropriate Best Management Practices (BMPs). The result is a spatially distributed set of recommended Best Management Practices that are feasible economically and environmentally. For the study watershed, using catch crops and rhizobium-legume (instead of using conventional commercial fertilizers) were the most recommended Best Management Practices.
[Cervical origin of the subclavian artery: echocardiographic diagnosis in patients with monosomy 22q11].

OBJECTIVE To assess the sensitivity and specificity of echocardiography in the detection of anomalies of the subclavian artery (cervical origin, aberrant origin from the descending aorta or isolation) in patients with monosomy 22q11. METHOD From 1/1998 until 03/2002 we examined 57 patients with conotruncal cardiac malformations. 30 patients had pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect (53 %), 13 interrupted aortic arch (23 %), 9 tetralogy of Fallot (16 %) and 5 common truncus arteriosus (9 %). Echocardiographic examination included identification of the laterality of the aortic arch as well as examination of the origin of the brachiocephalic vessels. The results were compared with angiographic and intraoperative findings. Median age at echocardiographic investigation was 74 days (range 1 d - 33.4 yrs.). RESULTS Laterality of the aortic arch was assessed correctly in all patients. 20/57 patients had a right-sided aortic arch (35 %). Echocardiography detected all anomalies of the subclavian artery (14/57 patients, 25 %, sensitivity 100 %) and excluded these anomalies correctly in 43 patients (specificity 100 %). Exact classification of the anomaly of the subclavian artery was possible in 6/6 patients with a cervical origin of the artery and in 7/8 patients with aberrant origin from the descending aorta. Monosomy 22q11 was diagnosed in 21 patients (37 %). CONCLUSION Echocardiography achieves a high sensitivity in the detection of anomalies of the subclavian artery. The diagnosis of cervical origin of the artery, in particular, can be easily established. As this anomaly appears to be a specific marker for monosomy 22q11, echocardiography facilitates reliable identification of these patients in clinical practice.
Service design and knowledge management in the construction supply chain for an infrastructure programme

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the extent to which service design (SD) is addressed by the client and its supply chain at a program level into one functional capability, knowledge management (KM), to share knowledge across projects and organizational actors. Design/methodology/approach The interpretative methodology employing two methods of engaged scholarship, namely, action research and engaged research, is applied. The data are analyzed using cognitive mapping to identify the extent of alignment of perceptions. Findings The findings show that the client and its supply chain are very transactional in their management minimizing investment in KM and program management. There is a lack of commitment and cultural leadership; hence, there is over-reliance on individuals to take responsibility for knowledge sharing and application. SD thinking can help develop a holistic approach to learning from projects. Research limitations/implications The study underlines the links between the concepts of SD and KM. The findings emphasize the importance of developing a holistic approach to KM through the lenses of SD. The organizations must view KM as a process and build capabilities at a program level to make knowledge sharing an integral part of the work culture across projects. Originality/value The study contributes to the subject of KM in the construction industry by mobilizing the concept of SD to examine how KM systems and procedures are embedded in the client and across its supply chain.
U–Pb dating of silicic lavas, sills and syneruptive resedimented volcaniclastic deposits of the Lower Devonian Crudine Group, Hill End Trough, New South Wales

The Hill End Trough of central‐western New South Wales was an elongate deep marine basin that existed in the Lachlan Fold Belt from the early Late Silurian to late Early Devonian. It is represented by a regionally extensive, unfossiliferous sequence of interbedded turbidites and hemipelagites of substantially silicic volcanic derivation, which passes laterally into contemporaneous shallow‐water sedimentary rocks. The Turondale and Merrions Formations of the Lower Devonian Crudine Group are two prominent volcanogenic formations in the predominantly sedimentary trough sequence. They contain a range of primary and resedimented volcanic facies suitable for U–Pb dating. These include widespread subaqueous silicic lavas and/or lava cryptodomes, and thick sequences of crystal‐rich volcaniclastic sandstone emplaced by a succession of mass‐flows that were generated by interaction between contemporaneous subaerial pyroclastic flows and the sea. Ion microprobe dating of the two volcanogenic formations by means of th.
c-IAP1 and c-IAP2 Are Critical Mediators of Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα)-induced NF-κB Activation*

The inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins are a family of anti-apoptotic regulators found in viruses and metazoans. c-IAP1 and c-IAP2 are recruited to tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1)-associated complexes where they can regulate receptor-mediated signaling. Both c-IAP1 and c-IAP2 have been implicated in TNFα-stimulated NF-κB activation. However, individual c-IAP1 and c-IAP2 gene knock-outs in mice did not reveal changes in TNF signaling pathways, and the phenotype of a combined deficiency of c-IAPs has yet to be reported. Here we investigate the role of c-IAP1 and c-IAP2 in TNFα-stimulated activation of NF-κB. We demonstrate that TNFα-induced NF-κB activation is severely diminished in the absence of both c-IAP proteins. In addition, combined absence of c-IAP1 and c-IAP2 rendered cells sensitive to TNFα-induced cell death. Using cells with genetic ablation of c-IAP1 or cells where the c-IAP proteins were eliminated using IAP antagonists, we show that TNFα-induced RIP1 ubiquitination is abrogated in the absence of c-IAPs. Furthermore, we reconstitute the ubiquitination process with purified components in vitro and demonstrate that c-IAP1, in collaboration with the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme (E2) enzyme UbcH5a, mediates polymerization of Lys-63-linked chains on RIP1. Therefore, c-IAP1 and c-IAP2 are required for TNFα-stimulated RIP1 ubiquitination and NF-κB activation.
Automated content scoring of spoken responses containing multiple parts with factual information

This paper presents approaches to automated content scoring of spoken language test responses from non-native speakers of English which contain multiple parts addressing factual information that the test taker has previously heard via auditory stimulus materials. While previous work relating to content scoring of spontaneous, unpredictable speech has focused only on entire responses and on general topic matching approaches, such as content vector analysis, the specific nature of spoken responses in our data requires response segmentation and extraction of features that indicate the relevance and correctness of the facts contained in the different parts of the response. Our best content features, based on similarity with key facts and concepts, achieve correlations of r = 0.615 (for speech recognition output) and r = 0.637 (using human transcriptions) with expert human rater scores. Furthermore, we show that these content features outperform traditional vector space based features. Finally, we demonstrate that the performance of a scoring model based on a combination of features developed previously and some of the newly designed content features improves significantly from r = 0.624 to r = 0.664 on an unseen evaluation set when using speech recognition output.