Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analyzing fit in CSR strategy research in state-owned entreprises: Indonesia context

Purpose : We attempted to empirically examine the fitness level of enterprises CSR strategy and its context with contingency and configuration approach. Furthermore, we used 213 CSR managers of state-owned enterprises in Indonesia as samples Design/methodology/approach : We used the purposive sampling technique to examine the data, also the contingency and configuration approach are measured with regression Euclidean distance. Findings : The result of the configuration and contingency approach has shown fit between CSR strategy and elements of contingency such as socialization tactic and time orientation. This condition also emerges on proactive CSR strategy and reactive CSR strategy, However, there are limitations of this study: an existence of the influence of the situation and condition when this study takes time; there is a concern on the result of not generalizing population, also the organizational performance only considered the size of organizational performance from non financial measure. Research limitation: (a) respondents’ answers are highly influenced by situation and condition when the study takes time. Although validity and reliability tests has shown the right outcome, there is still a possibility of a bias, (b) state-owned companies in Indonesia are represented by CSR manager samples or PKBL with purposive technique so there is a concern on the result for not generalizing population, (c) this research only used primary data through questionnaires. It would be better to combine both primary and secondary data for future researches, (d) organizational performance only considered the size of organizational performance from non financial measure. Originality/value : There is a methodological contribution in testing the fit of a relationship, both contingency and configuration are superior in terms of research method which used Euclidean distance, and used multivariate fit and bivariate fit linear regression. This research model used systematic approach by testing the fit of a relationship, using deviation from design ideal type for socialization tactic and time orientation or contingency variable that influences organizational performance, hence it could be acknowledged the value of the influence between ideal relationship from CSR strategy, socialization tactic and time orientation.
Constraining the escape fraction of ionizing photons from H II regions within NGC 300: A concept paper

Using broadband photometry from the Hubble Space Telescope in combination with Very Large Telescope narrowband Hα observations of the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 300, we explore a method for estimating the escape fractions of hydrogen-ionizing photons from H ii regions within this galaxy. Our goal in this concept study is to evaluate the spectral types of the most massive stars using the broadband data and estimating their ionizing photon output with the help of stellar atmosphere models. A comparison with the Hα flux that gives the amount of ionized gas in the H ii region provides a measure of the escape fraction of ionizing photons from that region. We performed some tests with a number of synthetic young clusters with varying parameters to assess the reliability of the method. However, we found that the derived stellar spectral types and consequently the expected ionizing photon luminosity of a region is highly uncertain. The tests also show that on one hand we tended to overestimate the integrated photon output of a region for young ages and low numbers of stars, and on the other hand we mostly underestimated the combined ionizing luminosity for a large stellar number and older cluster ages. We conclude that the proposed method of using stellar broadband photometry to infer the leakage of ionizing photons from H ii regions is highly uncertain and dominated by the errors of the resulting stellar spectral types. Therefore this method is not suitable. Stellar spectra are needed to reliably determine the stellar types and escape fractions. Studies to this end have been carried out for the Magellanic Clouds.
Condensation and aggregation of solar corundum and corundum‐hibonite grains

Abstract— Forty‐three corundum grains (1–11 μm in size) and 5 corundum‐hibonite grains with corundum overgrown by hibonite (4–7 μm in size), were found in the matrix of the mineralogically pristine, ungrouped carbonaceous chondrite Acfer 094 by using cathodoluminescence imaging. Some of the corundum and corundum‐hibonite grains occur as aggregates of 2 to 6 grains having similar sizes. The oxygen isotopic compositions of some of the corundum‐bearing grains suggest their solar nebula origin. 26Al‐26Mg systematics of one corundum grain showed the canonical initial 26Al/27Al ratio, also suggesting a solar nebula origin. Quantitative evaluation of condensation and accretion processes made based on the homogeneous nucleation of corundum, diffusion‐controlled hibonite formation, collisions of grains in the nebula, and critical velocity for sticking, indicates that, in contrast to the hibonite‐bearing aggregates of corundum grains, the hibonite‐free corundum aggregates could not have formed in the slowly cooling nebular region with solar composition. We suggest instead that such aggregates formed near the protosun, either in a region that stayed above the condensation temperature of hibonite for a long time or in a chemically fractionated, Ca‐depleted region, and were subsequently physically removed from this hot region, e.g., by disk wind.
Evaluate effectiveness of bio and mineral fertilization on the growth parameters and marketable cut flowers of Matthiola incana L.

3 Abstract: Biofertilizer has been identified as an alternative to chemical fertilizer to increase soil fertility and crop production in sustainable farming. The objective of this greenhouse study was to evaluate the effects of chemical fertilizers (N and P) against two biofertilizers containing N-fixer bacteria (Azotobacter chroococcum) and P solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus megaterium) and ATP (adinosine tri-phosphate) on the growth parameters and quality of fatty acid fraction of Matthiola incana. The application treatments included control (no fertilizer), chemical fertilizer and two types of biofertilizer. The application of biofertilizer containing N-fixer bacteria and P solubilizer bacteria as well as mineral fertilizers significantly increased the growth parameters of Matthiola incana. The use of biofertilizer resulted in the highest biomass and seedling height. This greenhouse study also indicated that the biofertilizer application had similar effects when compared with chemical fertilizer treatments. Microbial inoculum not only increased the nutritional assimilation of plant (total N, P and K), but also improved the quality of oil especial linolenic acid (C18:3). The results revealed that the population of bacterial inoculation significantly increased in all the inoculated treatments, when compared to uninoculated control. The maximum population of bacterial inoculation harbored in 75% N and Azospirillum treated plant, which was significantly more than all other treated plants.
A Review of the Approaches to the Management of Tension and Stage Fright in Music Performance

There is considerable evidence that stage fright, like all other forms of anxiety is multifaceted. I In addition to partially independent somatic, cognitive, and behavioral manifestations, stage fright seems to comprise fear of fear, fear of social disapproval, problems with distraction, and a judgmental attitude. Each form of stage fright may be best treatable by a specific intervention. Relaxation therapies and drug therapy seem to target somatic symptoms, although drug therapies may have greater potential for side effects, including some that are deleterious to performance. Some studies of such interventions do exist, but there is little knowledge of long-term effects of medication, or of interactions between medication and various psychological approaches to managing somatic manifestations of stage fright Several approaches to cognitive intervention for stage fright have been proposed, and two empirical studies suggest that they are effective. Behavioral interventions and frequent performance experience are commonly used and may have considerable beneficial effect on stage fright, but these have not as yet been empirically evaluated.
Precipitation regime of Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, derived from Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) archive data

[1] The precipitation regime of Dronning Maud Land (DML), Antarctica, was studied using Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) archive data. Precipitation is the most important component of the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet. Precipitation studies of DML are particularly important because two deep ice core drilling sites, Kohnen Station and Dome Fuji, are located in this region. For the correct interpretation of the ice core properties a thorough understanding of the precipitation regime is necessary. We used the high-resolution AMPS archive data for the years 2001–2006 to investigate the temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation. The results were compared to a recently published mass balance map derived from glaciological data of western DML. The mass balance map and the AMPS mean annual precipitation field show fairly similar patterns, which are mostly related to topography and prevailing wind systems. Precipitation is found to generally decrease from the coast to the inland plateau. Along the escarpment between the low-altitude coastal areas and the interior plateau, local minima and maxima in precipitation correspond to the leeward and windward sides of topographical ridges. Interannual variability of monthly sums of precipitation is fairly high owing to the influence of cyclone activity on precipitation, which affects not only the coastal regions, but also the interior of the continent more than previously thought.
The Impact of European Economic Integration on Migration in the European Union

The recent enlargement of the EU (since 2004) and the United Kingdom's decision to leave the European Union have prompted a growing research interest in the political and academic environment because of the causes and consequences of migration between the CEE countries and those in the Western Europe. In this study, the effects of European economic integration on the number of EU-15 immigrants from the newly integrated EU countries were assessed by econometric techniques. According to panel data models, in the period 2000-2015, the number of migrants from the new member states of the EU has increased, in average, with more than 2200 people only due to their EU membership. This result reflects the positive impact of European economic integration on the number of emigrants from the CEE countries that chose the EU-15 states as destination countries. Moreover, according to some ridge Bayesian regressions, during the period 2004-2015, the EU-15 immigrants coming from the EU-13 states did not negatively affect the economic growth of the EU-15 countries.
Characterization of heterogeneities and domains in aquatic and sedimentary organic matter by 1H spin diffusion: Potential for elucidating the formation mechanisms

Although the information on domains and heterogeneities of natural organic matter (NOM) can provide insights into its formation mechanisms, the appropriate solid‐state NMR technique for measuring them is still lacking. The traditional technique requires mobility differences in NOM whereas NOM components are primarily rigid. We introduced a new 1H spin diffusion technique, 1H‐13C two‐dimensional heteronuclear correlation (2D HETCOR) NMR with 1H spin diffusion, for characterization of domains and heterogeneities in aquatic and sedimentary organic matter. It was achieved by collecting a series of 2D HETCOR spectra with a variable mixing time, tm, and monitoring the transfer of magnetization from one component to another. The rate of magnetization transfer provided the information on domains and heterogeneities because the magnetization of small domains or heterogeneities equilibrated faster than that of larger ones. Three samples, International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) Suwannee River NOM, IHSS Suwannee River humic acid (HA), and a sedimentary HA, were used. Two model polymers, a random copolymer poly(styrene‐n‐butyl methacrylate) with 0.6‐nm heterogeneity and a block copolymer polystyrene‐b‐poly(methyl methacrylate) with a domain size of 5 nm, were included for calibration. Within tm < 100 µs, half equilibration was reached for all three NOM samples and poly(styrene‐n‐butyl methacrylate), indicating that they were heterogeneous. In contrast, the spin diffusion of polystyrene‐b‐poly(methyl methacrylate) with 5‐nm domain was much slower. Unlike the traditional spin diffusion technique, this technique did not require the differential mobility in NOM and was suitable for investigating the domains and heterogeneities of NOM, which are mostly rigid.
Satisfaction Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Two Models of Specialty-Oriented Career Planning Course

This research is a two-semester experimental program that uses Freshman’s “Finance Career Planning” of the undergraduate program of the finance department of the National Taipei University of Business (NTUB) as the experimental curriculum. This research explores and analyzes two models of “Specialty-oriented career planning course” to see if there is a difference in students’ course satisfaction. The features of the second model include specialty-oriented lectures by finance alumni and assignments requiring the interviewing of upperclassmen, in addition to studying career counseling theory and specialty-topic content sharing. This research finds that there is a significant difference in students’ course satisfaction within the two models of “specialty-oriented career planning course”, wherein the second model is considered better than the first model, and the average scores of the five indicators of students’ course satisfaction have all reached a significant level (the richness of course content, the clarity of lecturer’s conveyance, the level of personal learning acquirement, the relevancy of course content to the topic, the design of course process and activities). This research proposes the following recommendations, in accordance with the research findings, that institutions of higher education should offer practical and feasible specialty-oriented career planning courses.
Genetic variation in sex allocation in a parasitic wasp: variation in sex pattern within sequences of oviposition

In order to maximize their fitness under Local Mate Competition (LMC), arrhenotokous female wasps have to produce a precise sex ratio when encountering hosts. Recent progress in the theory of hymenopterous parasitoid reproduction suggest that they manage to do it by laying male and female eggs in a particular order and that such reproductive strategies are adaptive. Therefore, the determinism of such sequential patterns would be regulated by genetic control on which natural selection could act. To test this hypothesis, sequences of oviposition were recorded in a set of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera; Trichogrammatidae) females and in their daughters by providing them Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae) eggs.
Comparison of Brain Temperature Distribution in Mathematical and Solid Models of Head Thermal Characteristics

Accurate temperature control of brain tissue during hypothermia treatment is necessary in order to prevent secondary brain damage and to avoid various side effects. Thus, the visualization of the intracerebral temperature distribution in hypothermia treatment was studied at the fundamental level. For this purpose a virtual reality technology was used to create a mathematical model that reflects metabolic heat production and Fourier heat conduction in a brain with the necessary parameters based on various clinical models. In the present study, an experimental system was developed to examine a mathematical simulation of the blood flow in a human head by using a solid brain model constructed using silicon rubber in the shape of a brain based on MRI data, taking into account the metabolic heat given off by three film heaters and including six sensors for the measurement of regional brain temperature. The mathematical simulation describes the internal temperature distribution in a brain with a similar structure to the brain solid model. The results of mathematical simulations and experiments using the brain solid model were quite consistent in the steady state, including control of regional temperature. This allows for the performance of heat conduction experiments under conditions similar to those of a living body, in which the internal temperature is clinically difficult to observe. Thus, the mathematical simulation is confirmed to be useful together with experiments using the solid model for the study of future brain hypothermia treatment.
An Examination of the Qatari Licensure System: Giving Voice to Educators at Government-Funded Schools

The issue of developing a comprehensive licensure system aligned with professional standards for teachers and school leaders has received considerable attention in recent years. As part of the Qatari educational reform in recent years, teachers and school leaders are held accountable to offer quality education for all students. The current study thus examined the experiences of educators in Qatar with the licensure process currently implemented at government-funded school. Using a survey study design, a total of 1,669 participants expressed their perceptions on the strengths and weaknesses of the licensure system, the professional standards, and the professional portfolio. Findings included participants’ beliefs on the importance of the licensure system in improving their performance, the necessity of using the professional standards as tools for professional growth and development, and the importance of refining the professional portfolio for authenticity and reliability. Documenting teachers’ and school leaders’ voices was fundamental in finding ways to successfully drive future developments of the licensure system. The findings may also provide implications for other countries interested in developing or refining their own appraisal systems.
The determinants of Dutch capital structure choice

This paper uses the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique to empirically test the determinants of capital structure choice for Dutch firms. We include major factors identified by capital structure theories and construct proxies for these factors with consideration of specific institutional settings in the Netherlands. We also carefully rescale the observed variables in order to conform with the linear structure of the model and the multivariate normality assumption. Our empirical results shed many important insights on Dutch firms’ financing behavior. In particular, we identified important factors that have so far been ignored in the literature for the Dutch capital structure choice. Furthermore our results provide evidence supporting the “static trade-off" hypothesis. While the “pecking-order" behavior is observed for Dutch firms, our results cast doubt on the rationale of asymmetric information behind the “pecking-order" hypothesis. We also point out that the static cross-section evidence is not sufficient to conclude whether or not the management of Dutch firms is entrenched. Models based on the dynamic behavior of firms’ capital structure choice are called for such tests.
Cocoa Research Innovations and Output in Ghana

Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG) has introduced a number of innovations to increase cocoa yield per hectare. The main objective of the study was to determine the impact of intensity of adoption of these innovations on cocoa output. A sample of 600 cocoa farmers was selected through a multi-stage sampling technique for the study. An interview schedule was used to gather data and OLS was used to estimate the impact of intensity of technology adoption on output. Results of the study indicated that output of cocoa had positive relationship with household size, farm size, education, membership of association, credit access and technology adoption. It is recommended that COCOBOD should provide training to farmers, increase the number of extension officers and encourage farmers to join farmer associations. Also, financial institutions should make credit accessible to farmers. Keywords: Cocoa, Research, Innovations, Technology, Adoption, Output
Development of twist on boards of Norway spruce during kiln drying

Development of twist of Norway spruce boards (Picea abies Karst.) during normal temperature kiln drying was researched. Oriented tangential boards ( 18 ◊ 80 ◊ 800 mm) were sawed from diametrical radial planks, with known axial shrinking, density, growth dynamics and spiral grain angle (SGA). Unrestrained boards were later on kiln dried at nor mal temperature, to determine moisture content (MC) and twist development and in 2 days drying int erval. Twist was induced in most cases around fibre saturation point, and raised proportionally w ith decrease of MC towards to the highest values at the end of the process. Radial position of board s had the strongest influence on twist. End values of twist amounted from 10 and 20 °/m close to the pith , and decreased to less than 4 °/m at 70 mm from the centre of logs. SGA, generally decreasing in ra dial direction, significantly influenced the twist, especially at low MC, bellow 16%. Tangential shrink age had also pronounced impact on twist variation, especially at MC above 20%, which is asc ribed to the likely presence of tangible MC gradient as a consequence of drying procedure.
A Conceptual Framework for E-Commerce Innovation in Chinese SMES Chun-Sheng Yu

As E-Commerce (EC) is rapidly gaining popularity in China, EC innovation becomes a major growth strategy for many SMEs. Meanwhile, problems and challenges are hindering proliferation of EC innovation. The need exits for a theoretical model to forge EC innovation: a dynamic process with progressive stages of both internal and external e-readiness. Derived from theories and evidenced by the case studies from Hangzhou, China, our conceptual framework reveals top management, organizational learning, government support, market forces, and technology readiness as essential in each development stage, but with different emphasis. Implications of the framework are discussed.
Does the Pursuit of Energy Security Drive Resource Wars in Africa? The Niger Delta in the Energy Security Nexus

As the United States and other Western nations continue to move away from reliance on Middle Eastern oil, Africa has assumed a new degree of importance in international affairs. However, the instability of certain African oil producing countries - particularly Nigeria has prompted concern amongst Western governments that their energy security may be in jeopardy. An emerging body of literature argues that energy security has become 'militarized', as Western governments arm African regimes to secure oil supplies, driving 'resource wars' in the process. This paper seeks to broaden and deepen this analysis through identifying Africa's place in the global energy security nexus, and exploring the connections between oil and sub-state conflict. It will then apply these findings to the case of Nigeria, arguing that whilst the pursuit of energy security has some bearing on the conflict in the Niger Delta, this is the result of institutional limitations and unintended consequences of current strategies, rather than a calculated attempt to encourage conflict.