Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of depression in Patients with Epilepsy: A study from Tribhuvan University- Teaching Hospital

Background : Epilepsy is often associated with mental and behavioral problems. Depression is one of the commonest psychiatric comorbidity among patients suffering from epilepsy leading to poorer seizure control and adversely affecting their quality of life. The objectives of this study were to know the prevalence of depression among patients with epilepsy and to see for any association with demographic and clinical variables. Method : A cross sectional study was carried out in patients with epilepsy attending psychiatry outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital, Tribhuvan University-Teaching Hospital (TUTH). All consecutive patients with epilepsy meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria were involved in the study after obtaining informed consent. Depression was diagnosed using semi structured proforma and ICD-10 DCR criteria. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16 and analysis carried out using descriptive statistics. Results : Out of total 68 patients, 58.8% were male. About 54.4% of subjects were single and 26.5%were students. Out of the total subject, 79.4% were from rural areas. About 37%cases were having depression at the time of the interview. Male gender, younger age, having generalized epilepsy was more associated with depression. Conclusion : Depression was found to be highly prevalent psychiatric co- morbidity among the patients with epilepsy. Patients of younger age group, men and having generalized epilepsy were more prone to have depression. The study emphasized need for proper psychiatric evaluation for overall management of patients with epilepsy. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/jpan.v2i2. 9725 J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol.2, No.2, 2013 39-42
Derivation of Aerosol Profiles for MC3E Convection Studies and Use in Simulations of the 20 May Squall Line Case

Abstract. Advancing understanding of deep convection microphysics via mesoscale modeling studies of well-observed case studies requires observation-based aerosol inputs. Here, we derive hygroscopic aerosol size distribution input profiles from ground-based and airborne measurements for six convection case studies observed during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Cloud Experiment (MC3E) over Oklahoma. We demonstrate use of an input profile in simulations of the only well-observed case study that produced extensive stratiform outflow on 20 May 2011. At well-sampled elevations between −11 and −23 °C over widespread stratiform rain, ice crystal number concentrations are consistently dominated by a single mode near ∼ 400 µm in randomly oriented maximum dimension (Dmax). The ice mass at −23 °C is primarily in a closely collocated mode, whereas a mass mode near Dmax ∼ 1000 µm becomes dominant with decreasing elevation to the −11 °C level, consistent with possible aggregation during sedimentation. However, simulations with and without observation-based aerosol inputs systematically overpredict mass peak Dmax by a factor of 3–5 and underpredict ice number concentration by a factor of 4–10. Previously reported simulations with both two-moment and size-resolved microphysics have shown biases of a similar nature. The observed ice properties are notably similar to those reported from recent tropical measurements. Based on several lines of evidence, we speculate that updraft microphysical pathways determining outflow properties in the 20 May case are similar to a tropical regime, likely associated with warm-temperature ice multiplication that is not well understood or well represented in models.
MODULATION OF THE RESPIRATORY RHYTHM BY GAP-JUNCTION BLOCKERS 18-α-GLYCYRRHETINIC ACID AND 18-β-GLYCYRRHETINIC ACID

Gap junction proteins are expressed in the pre-Botzinger complex of the respiratory network but it remains under discussion how they modulate the respiratory rhythm generation. In the present study we tested whether the gap junction blockers 18-β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18-β- GA) and 18-α-glycyrrhetinic acid (18-α-GA) change either the phrenic nerve (PN) discharge frequency or amplitude. The PN discharge was recorded using the working heart-brainstem preparation of adult wistar rats (P22- P28) exposed to increasing concentrations of the gap junction blockers (0.1; 1; 10; 20 µM). With the two lower concentrations (0.1; 1 µM) of 18-β-GA, PN discharge frequency decreased to 46±15% (p=0.007) of the control value while it increased to 173±57% (p=0.16) with the two higher concentrations (10; 20 µM). Surprisingly, with 18-α-GA the PN discharge frequency was not significantly changed with any of the concentrations used. Enhancing the respiratory drive with 12% CO 2 , the PN discharge frequency increased tendencially with rising concentrations of 18-β-GA, but again no significant change was observed with 18-α-GA. PN-amplitudes were slightly reduced over the course of the experiments, while the frequency of the heartbeat was not significantly changed at any time with any concentration.
Analysis of the seasonal variation in biochemical composition of Daphnia magna Straus (Crustacea : Branchiopoda : Anomopoda) from an aerated wastewater stabilisation pond

La composition biochimique de Daphnia magna Straus, le crustace planctonique dominant dans l'etang de lagunage de Differdange (Grand-Duche de Luxembourg), a ete determinee quantitativement d'octobre 1993 a juillet 1994. Pendant cette periode, la composition moyenne a ete caracterisee par des teneurs s'elevant a (moyenne ± ecart-type) 271 ± 64 mg proteines.g -1 masse seche (MS), 100 ± 28 mg lipids.g -1 (MS), 96 ± 58 μg carotenoides.g -1 (MS), 49 ± 14 mg chitine.g -1 (MS) and 125 ± 78 mg cendres.g - 1 (MS). Les variations saisonnieres de la composition chimique des daphnies ont ete mises en relation avec plusieurs variables ecologiques (temperature de l'eau, concentration en oxygene dissous, pH, transparence de l'eau, concentration en chlorophylle a et biomasse de D. magna). La teneur en chitine s'est averee positivement correlee a la temperature de l'eau en raison de l'influence marquee de celle-ci sur le rythme de mue des daphnies et, par consequent, sur la synthese de chitine chez ces organismes. Le contenu en carotenoides s'est revele positivement correle a la transparence de l'eau en raison du role de photoprotection de ces pigments. Les fluctuations des teneurs en lipides, proteines et cendres chez D. magna dependent de la disponibilite en nourriture dans le milieu. Malgre les variations saisonnieres de sa composition biochimique, D. magna s'avere avoir une teneur en lipides et en proteines adequate pour son utilisation en aquaculture. Sa teneur en carotenoides est similaire a celle des regimes utilises pour colorer la chair des salmonides. Les daphnies peuvent donc etre utilisees a cet effet. La perspective d'utilisation de D. magna comme source commerciale de chitine est particulierement prometteuse compte tenu de sa teneur en chitine, en particulier si on envisage des applications a haute valeur ajoutee.
Effect of water table management and irrigation regimes on the physiological responses of potato crop grown on sandy soil

Appropriate water table management scenarios for sandy soil have been investigated by an experimental approach. Drainage lysimeters were used in a glasshouse environment to investigate the effects of water table management and irrigation regimes on crop water use, root development, crop growth and yield of potato. Irrigation application methods namely surface, sub-surface and static water table treatments were tested. In surface irrigation method, water was applied at the soil surface until water table was raised to 0.45 m from soil surface, whereas in sub-surface irrigation, water table was raised rapidly from below to 0.45 m from soil surface. Surface irrigation produced crops with 7–14% higher leaf area index (LAI), 10–15% higher shoot dry matter, 6–25% more root mass and 5–24% more fresh tuber yield than sub-surface irrigation, whether from a fluctuating or static water table. However, crop water use was the highest in a surface irrigated treatment.
An Application of Diversity Theory to Crane Conservation

This paper attempts to demonstrate how "diversity theory" can be applied to the analysis of real-world conservation policies. The specific example chosen to serve as a paradigm concerns preservation priorities among the fifteen species of cranes living wild throughout the world. The example is sufficiently actual to show how diversity theory can be used operationally to frame certain critical conservation questions and to guide us toward answers by providing informative quantitative indicators of what to protect. At the same time the cranes example is rich enough that it illustrates nicely some broad general principles about the economics of diversity preservation.
Baseline levels and trends of ground level ozone in Canada and the United States

Abstract. A statistical method was developed to extract baseline levels of ground level ozone in Canada and the US, and to quantify the temporal changes of baseline ozone levels on annual, seasonal, diurnal and decadal scales for the period 1997 to 2006 based on ground-level observations from 97 non-urban monitoring sites. Baseline ozone is defined here as ozone measured at a given site in the absence of strong local influences. The quantification of baseline levels involved using a Principal Component Analyses (PCA) to derive groups of commonly-varying sites in contiguous regions by season, followed by using backward air parcel trajectories to systematically select ozone mixing ratios associated with the baseline condition in each of the PCA-derived regions. Decadal trends were estimated by season for each of the regions using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM). Baseline ozone mixing ratios determined by this method were found to vary geographically and seasonally. For the 1997–2006 period, baseline mixing ratios were calculated for annual and seasonal periods in seven regions of North America based on multi-site multi-year averages of the baseline data sets. The annual average (±1 standard deviation) baseline mixing ratios for the regions are as follows: Continental Eastern Canada=30±9 ppb, Continental Eastern US=30±10 ppb, Coastal Eastern Canada=27±9 ppb, Coastal Western Canada=19±10 ppb; Coastal Western US=39±10 ppb, Continental Western Canada=28±10 ppb and Continental Western US=46±7 ppb. Trends in the baseline mixing ratios were also found to vary by season and by geographical region. On a decadal scale, increasing baseline ozone trends (temperature-adjusted) were observed in all seasons along the Pacific coasts of Canada and the US, although the trends in California were not statistically significant. In the coastal zone of Pacific Canada, positive trends were found with a rate of increase of 0.28±0.26, 0.72±0.55, and 0.93±0.41 ppb/a in spring (MAM), summer (JJA) and winter (DJF), respectively. In the Atlantic coastal region, the trends were also positive in 3 of the 4 seasons (but only significantly so in MAM). In the high ozone precursor emission areas of the Eastern United States, decadal trends in baseline ozone are, in general, negative in the spring, summer and fall and appear to be controlled by the strong within-region changes induced by decreasing ozone precursor emissions.
Host ant use of Maculinea teleius in the Carpathian Basin (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

Host ant use of Maculinea teleius was investigated in 17 Hungarian and three Transylvanian (Romania) sites by opening Myrmica ant nests. A total of 856 nests of nine Myrmica species (M. gallienii, M. rubra, M. ruginodis, M. sabuleti, M. salina, M. scabrinodis, M. schencki, M. specioides and M. vandeli) were found and nests of six species (M. gallienii, M. rubra, M. salina, M. scabrinodis, M. specioides and M. vandeli) contained 114 M. teleius specimens in total. M. rubra and M. scabrinodis were the most frequently used host ants. M. rubra appeared to be more suitable in the western while M. scabrinodis proved to be more important in the eastern sites. M. gallienii and M. salina were only locally important hosts on a few sites. M. specioides and M. vandeli were parasitized only once. Five Myrmica nests also contained larvae of other Maculinea species. These results show a less restricted host ant use of M. teleius in the central part of the Carpathian Basin than records from France. Our results correspond with the host ant use data recorded from Poland.
The Chandra Dust-scattering Halo of Galactic Center Transient Swift J174540.7–290015

We report the detection of a dust-scattering halo around a recently discovered X-ray transient, Swift J174540.7–290015, which in early 2016 February underwent one of the brightest outbursts (FX ≈ 5 × 10−10 erg cm−2 s−1) observed from a compact object in the Galactic Center field. We analyze four Chandra images that were taken as follow-up observations to Swift discoveries of new Galactic Center transients. After adjusting our spectral extraction for the effects of detector pile-up, we construct a point-spread function for each observation and compare it to the GC field before the outburst. We find residual surface brightness around Swift J174540.7–290015, which has a shape and temporal evolution consistent with the behavior expected from X-rays scattered by foreground dust. We examine the spectral properties of the source, which shows evidence that the object transitioned from a soft to hard spectral state as it faded below LX ∼ 1036 erg s−1. This behavior is consistent with the hypothesis that the object is a low-mass X-ray binary in the Galactic Center.
Residual automorphic forms and spherical unitary representations of exceptional groups

Arthur has conjectured that the unitarity of a number of representations can be shown by finding appropriate automorphic realizations. This has been verified for classical groups by Moeglin and for the exceptional Chevalley group G_2 by Kim. In this paper we extend their results on spherical representations to the remaining exceptional groups E_6, E_7, E_8, and F_4. In particular we prove Arthur's conjecture that the spherical constituent of an unramified principal series of a Chevalley group over any local field of characteristic zero is unitarizable if its Langlands parameter coincides with half the marking of a coadjoint nilpotent orbit of the Langlands dual Lie algebra.
Financial development and the FDI-growth nexus: the Malaysian experience

This article examines the FDI-growth nexus in the small open economy of Malaysia by controlling for the level of financial development. Financial development is proxied by a composite index, which is a summary measure of four financial development indicators. Using time-series data from 1965 to 2004, the results show that FDI and financial development are positively related to output in the long-run. The impact of FDI on output is enhanced through financial development. To supplement these findings, we assess the causal relationships between the variables using the recent causality tests available in the literature. The results indicate that economic growth causes FDI growth in the long-run, but no feedback relationship is observed.
Finding the Link between CSR Reporting and Corporate Finan-cial Performance: Evidence on Czech and Estonian Listed Com-panies

Despite the fact that obligations to publish reports on corporate social responsibility will come into force in the European Union from 2018, an increasing number of companies are starting to implement corporate social responsibility (CSR) policy into their everyday business practic-es, and as a result the information of this activity is disclosed in CSR reports or within annual reports. As the disclosure of such information is currently voluntarily based, we believe that the growing popularity of CSR leads to a direct link between the sustainability of the compa-ny and its financial performance. The purpose of this paper is therefore to determine the link-age between CSR and financial performance within two countries in the CEE region - Czech and Estonia - using data from 2012 - 2013. We compare return on assets and normalized mar-ket value added of listed companies. Based on the results, we can state that the implementa-tion of a standalone CSR report does not have any direct linkage with the financial perfor-mance of the tested companies.
A Review of the Tripartite Model Linking Associations between TQM, Organizational Learning, and Performance

This review aims to examine selected research articles that empirically investigated the relationship between Total Quality Management (TQM), Organizational Learning and Performance. The objectives of the current review are threefold. First, it aims to provide a comparative analysis regarding, findings, methodology, and dimensions, second, it explores the dimensions of the relevant constructs based on literature review, and Third, it compares the inferred concepts with those developed in the selected research studies. The current paper found a lack of conceptual clarity of the selected research studies’ dimensions when compared with the conceptually developed ones based on expanded literature review, methodological issues and ill-defined practices during confirmatory factor analysis and unsatisfactory scales selection justification from a theoretical perspective. Recommendations for pertaining future research mainly include building a broader theoretical lens while developing the dimensions of TQM, organizational learning, and performance, enhanced confirmatory factor analysis reporting practices and embracing qualitative research methods that further investigate the tripartite model.
Exploring the Effect of Web Based Communications on Organizations Service Quality

The paper aims to study the effect of web based communications on the service quality of organizations. Web based communications is used for a variety of reasons.The quality of a Web-based customer support system involves the information it supplies, the service it provides, andcharacteristics of the system itself; its effectiveness is reflected by the satisfaction of its users. This paper presents the results of astudy of quality and effectiveness in Web-based customer support systems. Data from a survey of 726 Internet users were used to test theoretically expected relationships. The results of this study indicate that information and system quality determine effectiveness while service quality has no impact. Practical implications for managers and designers are offered.The Internet is the latest in a long succession of communication technologies. The goal of this work is to draw lessons from the evolution of all these services. Little attention is paid to technology as such, since that has changed radically many times. Instead, the stress is on the steady growth in volume of communication, the evolution in the type of traffic sent, the qualitative change this growth produces in how people treat communication, and the evolution of pricing. The focus is on the user, and in particular on how quality and price differentiation have been used by service providers to influenceconsumer behavior, and how consumers have reacted.
An Examination of Some Selected Factors Influencing Adoption of Internet Banking among Undergraduate Students in Oyo Town, Nigeria

This study investigated the factors influencing the adoption of internet banking among undergraduate students in Oyo town, Nigeria with a particular focus on private university in Oyo, Nigeria. The objectives of this study were to determine whether perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, triability, capability, compatibility and perceived risk jointly and independently predicted the adoption of internet banking and also to ascertain the significant difference between perceived usefulness and adoption of internet banking.The study employed survey research. Primary data was used for the study with questionnaire as research instrument. The subjects were four hundred and seven students of a private university in Oyo. The hypotheses formulated for the study were tested using T-test, Pearson correlation, regression, and ANOVA with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings of the study revealed that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, triability, capability, compatibility and perceived risk jointly and independently predicted the adoption of internet banking. Also, there was a significant difference between Low and High Perceived usefulness and adoption of internet banking. In addition, there was a significant relationship between capability and adoption of internet banking. There was also main and interaction effect of capability and perceived risk on the adoption of internet banking. Based on the findings, it was recommended that banks should embrace and promote innovative banking strategies in this era of globalization of which internet banking is a key factor. This can lead to competitive advantage for the banks and better banking services for the customers. Keywords : perceived usefulness, triability, capability, compatibility, perceived risk and adoption of internet banking
ILP-based Inference for Cost-based Abduction on First-order Predicate Logic

Abduction is desirable for many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. While recent advances in large-scale knowledge acquisition warrant applying abduction with large knowledge bases to real-life NLP problems, as of yet, no existing approach to abduction has achieved the efficiency necessary to be a practical solution for largescale reasoning on real-life problems. In this paper, we propose an efficient solution for large-scale abduction. The contributions of our study are as follows: (i) we propose an efficient method of cost-based abduction in first-order predicate logic that avoids computationally expensive grounding procedures; (ii) we formulate the bestexplanation search problem as an integer linear programming optimization problem, making our approach extensible; (iii) we show how cutting plane inference, which is an iterative optimization strategy developed in operations research, can be applied to make abduction in first-order logic tractable; and (iv) the abductive inference engine presented in this paper is made publicly available.
ASIAN-AMERICANS‘ RETURNS TO EDUCATION A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Public Policy in Public Policy By

Despite many major policy innovations aimed at reducing Black-Americans‘ economic disadvantage since 1965, Black-Americans, as a minority ethnic group, have still fallen behind economically relative to other groups. In an attempt to provide policy recommendations for improving the plight of economically disadvantaged minorities in United States, this paper examines the returns to education in 1960, 1980 and 2008 for a group that has been successful in the labor market, Asian-Americans, and compares them to their non-Hispanic White counterparts. Under Mincer‘s Human Capital Earnings Function (HCEF), this paper pools the 1960 1% census sample, 1980 5% census sample and 2008 1% American Community Survey sample and uses a least squares approach in the analysis. The outcome of the empirical study shows that Asian-Americans, especially males, have higher returns to post-secondary education. This holds true even if we account for country of origin and diploma-earning effects. Asian-Americans’ Returns to Education iv To all hard working Asian-Americans Special Thanks to: Peter Hinrichs Jeff Mayer Eleni London Charles Lee Asian-Americans’ Returns to Education