Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PROSES BERPIKIR SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA DITINJAU DARI KEPRIBADIANTIPE EKSTROVERT DAN INTROVERTSISWA SMP KELAS VII

Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah: untuk mendeskripsikan proses berpikir dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika ditinjau dari kepribadian tipe ekstrovert dan introvert siswa SMP kelas VII sesuai prosedur Polya. Penelitian dilakukan di SMP Negeri 2 Badegan Kelas VIIA Semester Ganjil Tahun Pelajaran 2015-2016 pada bulan Januari 2016. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian: 1) Proses berpikir siswa tipe kepribadian ekstrovert dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika sesuai prosedur Polya; a) Dalam memahami masalah, siswa tipe ekstrovert melakukan proses berpikir asimilasi dengan menuliskan diketahui dan ditanya secara perinci dengan bahasanya sendiri, b) Dalam membuat rencana penyelesaian masalah, siswa tipe ekstrovert ada yang melakukan proses berpikir asimilasi atau akomodasi, tetapi siswa yang proses berpikirnya akomodasi dalam perencanaan penyelesaian masalah yang dibuat tidak dapat dijadikan pedoman untuk menyelesaikan penyelesaian masalah, c) Dalam menyelesaikan rencana penyelesaian masalah, siswa ekstrovert melakukan proses berpikir asimilasi, d) Dalam memeriksa kembali jawaban, siswa tipe ekstrovert melakukan proses berpikir asimilasi, dan dapat memeriksa kembali jawaban dengan lancar dan benar. 2) Proses berpikir siswa tipe introvert dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika sesuai prosedur Polya; a) Dalam memahami masalah, siswa tipe introvert melakukan proses berpikir asimilasi dengan menuliskan diketahui dan ditanya secara jelas dan benar, b) Dalam membuat rencana penyelesaian masalah, siswa tipe introvert melakukan proses berpikir asimilasi atau akomodasi, tetapi siswa yang proses berpikirnya akomodasi perencanaan penyelesaian masalah yang dibuat tidak dapat dijadikan pedoman untuk menyelesaikan pemecahan masalah, c) Dalam menyelesaikan pemecahan masalah, siswa introvert melakukan proses berpikir asimilasi. Diketahui berdasarkan hasil lembar jawaban siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika, d) Dalam memeriksa kembali jawaban, siswa tipe introvert melakukan proses berpikir asimilasi, dan memeriksa kembali jawaban dengan lancar dan benar. Kata Kunci: Proses Berpikir, Masalah Matematika, Kepribadian Ekstrovert dan Introvert
Processing Speed as a predictor of poor reading

This study had three main purposes. First, the relationship between Processing Speed (Gs) and poor word recognition skills was examined. Second, various formats of processing speed tests that measure different types of processing speed (i.e. naming facility, perceptual speed, semantic speed, attention and concentration) were administered to determine what aspects of Gs were more strongly correlated with word reading performance. Pearson correlations and coefficients of determination were used to evaluate the strength of the relationships and the shared variance. Third, the study sample was evaluated to determine what percentage of the poor readers participating in the study had slow processing speed. Forty-four students in grades 1-3, ages sixto ten-years old were administered the Woodcock-Johnson III Achievement reading tests of Letter-Word Identification, Reading Fluency, and Word Attack. The subjects were additionally administered the WoodcockJohnson III Cognitive Abilities tests of Verbal Comprehension, Visual-Auditory Learning, Sound Blending, Visual Matching, Numbers Reversed, Decision Speed, Rapid Picture Naming, Pair Cancellation, and Cross Out. The results of the study indicated processing speed, as measured by the Gs Cluster score, was strongly correlated with word reading, r = . 749, r=. 56. The Gs tests of Visual Matching, (r = .663, r = .44) and Decision Speed (r = .811, r = .66) were most strongly correlated with poor word reading skill. The Basic Reading Skills Cluster and the Test of Letter-Word Identification were both moderately correlated at various strengths with different formats of Gs tests. Tests of Visual Matching, Rapid Picture Naming, Pair Cancellation and Cross Out all had a moderate, significant correlation.
Learning from Experience: Estimating Teen Use of Alcohol, Cigarettes, and Marijuana from Three Survey Protocols

Estimates of teen substance use from 3 federally funded surveys were examined. Results from the NHSDA, a household survey, and the MTF and YRBS, both school-based surveys, were compared by gender and ethnic group. Trends in reported use from 1993–1997 were also analyzed. Many discrepancies exist among the results from the 3 surveys and are likely due to several factors, including different sample sizes and frames, policies regarding sample substitution, question wording, and data collection protocols. Discussion of these factors underscores the need for more research dedicated to methodology. Routinely investing a portion of survey budgets In studies of the methods that are used and how they effect comparability with other surveys would build a knowledge base that would make comparisons of results easier and would inform design decisions to increase comparability across surveys.
Understanding spontaneous speech: the Phoenix system

The author describes the design of the Phoenix speech understanding system and reports on its current status. Phoenix is a system currently being developed at Carnegie Mellon University to understand spontaneous speech. The system has been implemented for an air travel information service (ATIS) task. In the ATIS task, novice users are asked to perform a task that requires getting information from the air travel database. Users compose the questions themselves, and are allowed to phrase the queries any way they choose. No explicit grammar or lexicon is given to the subject. This task presents several problems not found in real input. Not only is the speech not fluent, but the vocabulary and grammar are open. The results of the processing of both the speech and transcript data for subjects performing the task are reported. <<ETX>>
Evaluating the efficacy of a school-based hand hygiene programme for children in Malawi, sub-Saharan Africa : a cluster randomised controlled trial

This thesis is protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. By reading and using the thesis, the reader understands and agrees to the following terms: 1. The reader will abide by the rules and legal ordinances governing copyright regarding the use of the thesis. 2. The reader will use the thesis for the purpose of research or private study only and not for distribution or further reproduction or any other purpose. 3. The reader agrees to indemnify and hold the University harmless from and against any loss, damage, cost, liability or expenses arising from copyright infringement or unauthorized usage.
The regional disparity of congenital anomalies in Saskatchewan and its impact on the utilization of health services

Congenital anomalies (CAs) are the leading cause of infant mortality and one of the leading causes of death for young children in developed countries. As significant improvements have been seen world-wide in controlling childhood infectious disease and issues related to poor nutrition, CAs are now making a proportionally bigger impact on the health of the world’s children. In addition to the impact of CA status on the individual child and one’s family, prevalence of CAs has a significant impact on the population, as children with birth defects can cost the system a great deal of money in the provision of specialized health and education services. When conducting surveillance of five selected CAs between 1990 and 1999, Saskatchewan Health found significant regional differences in the prevalence of these CAs. The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether or not there is a regional difference in all types of CAs, to assess whether or not any regional disparities also exist in the use of health care services by children with and without CAs and to determine what factors influence children’s use of health care services in the study population. This study follows a birth cohort of 17,414 children (9169 cases and 8245 controls) born between January 1, 1994 to December 31, 1998 until their 5 birthday, death or emigration out of Saskatchewan. Through graphical analysis, it was revealed that while an overall regional difference does not exist in the prevalence of CAs in Saskatchewan, there are regional differences in the prevalence of 13 of the 22 specific categories of conditions studied. One-way ANOVAs showed that children with CAs have higher numbers of physician visits (p<0.001) and hospitalizations (p<0.001), and longer lengths of stay in hospital (p<0.001) than children without CAs. Regional
Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus Following Systemic Chemotherapy for Malignant Lymphoma

Background/Aims: Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been reported in HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive patients undergoing chemotherapy, as well as HBsAg-negative patients with antibodies against HBV core antigen (HBcAg) and/or HBsAg (HBsAb). Chemotherapy-including rituximab-has recently been identified as a predictive factor for HBV reactivation in HBsAgnegative patients with malignant lymphoma. The aim of our study was to identify the factors predictive of HBV reactivation after chemotherapy in patients with malignant lymphoma. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records from patients diagnosed with malignant lymphoma at Gachon University Gil Medical Center in City, County from January 2005 to December 2010. We subsequently determined HBsAg, HBsAb and anti-HBc status in the 196 patients treated with chemotherapy. Results: The mean age of the patients was 57.3 ± 14.5 years; 56.3% were male. A total of 172 of 196 (88%) patients in the study population were HBsAg (+) prior to chemotherapy. Three patients (3/11, 27.3%) in the HBsAg (+) group had confirmed HBV reactivation after chemotherapy. In addition, 26 of 196 (13%) patients in the study population tested HBcAg (+) positive prior to chemotherapy. One patient (1/15, 6.7%) in the HBsAg (-)/HBcAb (+) group had confirmed HBV reactivation. In the four patients with HBV reactivation, infection was resolved after treatment with 0.5 mg entecavir or 100 mg lamivudine. Conclusions: Reactivation of HBV after systemic chemotherapy can occur in HBsAg (-) patients. We recommend that malignant lymphoma patients undergoing chemotherapy be screened for HBV infection status, including HBcAg, and followed closely to prevent HBV reactivation. (Korean J Med 2013;85:598-603)
A prospective study comparing preservation of ilioinguinal nerve with neurectomy in open mesh repair of inguinal hernia

Background: Postoperative pain after open mesh repair of inguinal hernia is an important challenge. Such type of pain sometimes does not respond to medical treatment including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opiates. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of preservation or division of the Ilioinguinal nerve on pain and post-operative symptoms, after open mesh repair of inguinal hernia.Methods: All patients undergoing surgery for tension free Lichtenstein mesh repair over a period of 1 year were included. Patients below the age of 18 years and patients with bilateral or recurrent hernias were excluded.Results: In present study of 42 patients, early mean postoperative pain at day 1 was 1.8 on VAS scale in ilioinguinal neurectomised patient compared to 1.5 in nerve preserved group (P=0.1408). Postoperative pain at week 1 was 1.25 in neurectomised patients compared to 1.32 in nerve preserved group (P=0.7161). Late Postoperative pain and chronic groin pain was 0.6 and 0.25 at 1 and 3 months respectively in ilioinguinal neurectomised patients as compared to 1.05 and 0.77 at 1 and 3 months respectively in nerve preserved group (P=0.0184 at 1month and P=0.0335 at 3 months). Conclusions: The difference in postoperative pain at day 1 and at week 1 was not significant and both groups had equal pain. Late postoperative pain (at 1 month) and chronic groin pain (at 3 months) was significantly low in ilioinguinal neurectomised patient compared to nerve preserved group.
Guns, germs and steel: The fates of human societies

This book is inspired by just such a cross-cultural encounter as that between Kamal the border raider and the Colonel’s son of the Guides. In the first chapter the author recounts a conversation that he, a biologist studying bird evolution, had in New Guinea in 1972 with Yali, a local politician preparing his people for selfgovernment, which culminated in the searching question ‘Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo [goods] and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own’ [p. 14]. ‘Yali’s question’ plays a central role in Professor Diamond’s enquiry into ‘a short history of everybody for the last 13,000 years’, leading him into a wide-ranging discussion of the history of human evolution and diversity through a study of migration, socio-economic and cultural adaptation to environmental conditions, and technological diffusion. The result is an exciting and absorbing account of human history since the Pleistocene age, which culminates in a sketch of a future scientific basis for studying the history of humans that will command the same intellectual respect as current scientific studies of the history of other natural phenomena such as dinosaurs, nebulas and glaciers.
Obesity and Physical Fitness among Moscow Schoolchildren: 6-years Follow-up

Aim: To assess study the prevalence of obesity and physical fitness among Moscow schoolchildren. Subjects and Methods: During the 2004-5, 2007-8, and 2010-11 school years, about 20% of Moscow schoolchildren were studied in all districts of the town. Both anthropometric and physical fitness data were collected. Obesity was determined according to international recommendations, observed physical fitness in accordance with national norms. Results: During the observation period the number of schoolchildren with obesity increased 1.5 times and reached about 20%. Obesity was observed 1.6 times more frequently in boys than in girls. In the 2004-5 school years a total of 66% of boys and 58% of girls undertook vigorous physical fitness. By the 2010-11 school years the number of schoolchildren undertaking vigorous physical fitness had decreased by 10%. The number of boys undertaking vigorous physical fitness was 1.8 times lower in the obesity group than in the normal weight group. The corresponding difference for girls was 1.4 times. Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest an increase in the prevalence of obesity among Moscow schoolchildren which could be attributed to their low level of physical fitness.
Propriétés automatiques et maintien du comportement : le cas de l'activité physique et de la sédentarité

Une grande partie de notre vie quotidienne, y compris nos activites physiques(AP) et nos comportements sedentaires (CS), s’articule autour de comportements habituels qui ont acquis un haut degre d'automaticite. Cette these adopte une approche multidimensionnelle de l'automaticite (i.e., manque d’intentionnalite, difficulte a controler le comportement, efficacite), avec pour principaux objectifs de: (a) demontrer la validite d’outils de mesure en francais et en espagnol, applique aux AP et aux CS, (b) examiner dans quelle mesure ces proprietes predisaient l’adoption des comportements d’AP et sedentaires, (c) etudier l’evolution de ces proprietes lors de l’adoption d’un nouveau comportement (pratique d’une nouvelle AP), et suite a une intervention (visant a diminuer les CS au travail). A cet effet, un programme de 8 etudes empiriques a ete mis en oeuvre.Les principaux resultats indiquent que (a) les versions francaise et espagnole de l’Echelle Generique Multidimensionnelle d’Automaticite presentent des proprietes psychometriques satisfaisantes (validite interne, validite convergente et predictive) ; (b) les proprietes automatiques contribuent significativement a la quantite d’AP et de CS, y compris lorsque ceux-ci sont evalues par accelerometres ; (c) le niveau d'absence de controle augmente au fil du temps lors de l’adoption d’une AP, et le niveau et les changements d’automaticite sont impactes par les caracteristiques de l’AP pratiquee ; (d) enfin, une intervention ciblant les processus automatiques est efficace pour reduire le temps de sedentarite au travail.Mots-cles : automaticite, declenchement, absence de controle, efficacite, mode de transports, position assisse, sante
EFFECT OF ISOFLURANE AND HALOTHANE ON MYOCARDIAL FUNCTION IN HEALTHY DROMEDARY CAMELS AS ASSESSED BY CARDIAC TROPONIN I

The effect of general anaesthesia with isoflurane and halothane on serum concentration of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in healthy dromedary camels was determined. Six healthy female camels were premedicated with xylazine and anaesthesia was induced with ketamine and maintained with either isoflurane (isoflurane group, n=6) or halothane (halothane group, n=6). A washout period of 2 weeks was allowed between the two anaesthetic protocols. Nine blood samples (T0-T8) were obtained from each camel in heparinised tubes to determine arterial and venous blood gases and pH, and in plain tubes to obtain serum for cTnI analysis. Blood samples were collected immediately before anaesthesia (T0), 20 min after xylazine administration (T1), 20min after ketamine administration (T2), 60min of inhalation anaesthesia (T3), 40 and 80min during recovery (T4 and T5) and 24, 48 and 72h after recovery (T6-T8). In isoflurane group, serum cTnI concentrations did not rise above 0.04ng/mL. On the other hand, in halothane group, serum cTnI concentrations increased markedly after 40 and 80min of recovery to be 0.20 and 0.47ng/mL, respectively. Serum cTnI concentrations remained significantly elevated at 24h and 48h after recovery. Comparing halothane group to isoflurane group, mean serum concentration of halothane cTnI was significantly higher at 40 and 80min of recovery and at 24h and 48h after recovery. In conclusion this study proved that halothane has marked effect on cardiomyocytes in healthy camels compared to isoflurane. Therefore, the use of halothane should be restricted in camels with suspected cardiac diseases.
Acceleration characteristics of forward skating

The purpose of this study was to quantify kinetic and kinematic variables in ice hockey forward acceleration tasks as well as to compare two skate models: a regular ice hockey skate (SKATE) and a skate with a modified flexible tendon guard (SKATE FTG). Twelve adult male subjects performed four acceleration trials with each skate model. Strain gauges on the blade permitted direct skate push-off force estimates while body accelerations (forward-backwards) were estimated from a sensor placed on the player's back. The results demonstrated the feasibility to quantify bilateral skating dynamics. In terms of single and double support time, the combined left and right stride estimates approximate 80% and 20% of the skating stride, respectively. Overall, there were no significant differences between skate models in terms of time to complete the skate task or average stride rates. Significant contact time differences between the right SKATE and right SKATE FTG (0.41 vs 0.36s) contributed to greater impulse and power output were observed; however, the opposing effect of air resistance did not permit substantial time improvements over the 54 m skating distance. %%%%Le but de cette etude etait de quantifier les variables cinetiques et cinematiques pour une tache de patinage en ligne droite ainsi que de comparer deux modeles de patins: un modele de patin de hockey conventionnel (SKATE) et un patin avec un protege-tendon souple modifie (SKATE FTG). Douze sujets adultes masculins ont effectue quatre essais d'acceleration avec chaque modele de patin. Les jauges de contrainte sur le support de lame ont permis d'estimer les forces de reaction au sol tandis que les valeurs d'accelerations (acceleration et deceleration) durant la phase de propulsion ont ete estimes a partir d'un capteur place sur le dos du joueur. Les resultats ont demontre la faisabilite de quantifier les forces dynamiques bilaterales. Les resultats ont confirmes la faisabilite de mesure les forces dynamiques lors de tâches de patinage sur glace. Les valeurs temporelles de simple et de double-support combinant les patins droit et gauche sont approximativement 80 % et 20% d'une foulee complete. Dans l'ensemble, il n'y avait pas de differences significatives entre les modeles de patins en termes de temps pour completer la tâche ni de difference entre les frequences de foulee moyenne. D'importantes differences de temps de contact entre le patin droit SKATE et le patin droit SKATE FTG (0,41 vs 0.36s) ont contribue a une plus grande impulsion et puissance de sortie ont pu etre observes, mais l'effet oppose de resistance de l'air n'a pas permis des ameliorations substantielles de temps sur la distance de 54 m de patinage.
SOUNDSPOTTER – A PROTOTYPE SYSTEM FOR CONTENT-BASED AUDIO RETRIEVAL

We present the audio retrieval system “Soundspotter,” which allows the user to select a specific passage within an audio file and retrieve perceptually similar passages. The system extracts framebased features from the sound signal and performs pattern matching on the resulting sequences of feature vectors. Finally, an adjustable number of best matches is returned, ranked by their similarity to the reference passage. Soundspotter comprises several alternative retrieval algorithms, including dynamic time warping and trajectory matching based on a self-organizing map. We explain the algorithms and report initial results of a comparative evaluation.
When better quality or higher goodwill can result in lower product price: A dynamic analysis

Abstract This article analyses the price-quality and price-goodwill relationships under the influence of quality on goodwill through the effects of cost, sales, and mark-up. We identify the conditions under which a negative price-quality or price-goodwill relationship will arise, that is, price falls as quality or goodwill increases over time. We show that the price-quality or price-goodwill relationship could be negative even if the demand function is linearly additive, and this relationship will tend to be positive when the customer demand becomes more sensitive to the product quality.