Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of overexpression of tumor suppressor protein p53 with rapid cell proliferation and poor prognosis in node-negative breast cancer patients.

BACKGROUND Recent evidence indicates that a subset of axillary node-negative (ANN) breast cancer patients can benefit from adjuvant therapy. Reliable prognostic markers are needed, however, to help clinicians identify these patients and arrive at more rational treatment decisions. PURPOSE Mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene often result in overexpression of the p53 protein. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic significance of p53 protein overexpression in patients with ANN breast cancer. We also studied the association between the tumor cell proliferation rate and overexpression of the p53 and c-erbB-2 proteins, both of which have been implicated in cell cycle control. The c-erbB-2 protein is the product of the ERBB2 gene. METHODS Two hundred eighty-nine ANN cases were randomly selected from a population-based cohort of patients who had not received any kind of adjuvant chemotherapy or endocrine therapy. Overexpression of the p53 and c-erbB-2 proteins was studied immunohistochemically in archival paraffin-embedded tumor samples, using the CM-1 polyclonal and the TAb 250 monoclonal antibodies, respectively. The tumor cell proliferation rate was measured as the S-phase fraction by DNA flow cytometry. Statistical analyses were performed using BMDP software. RESULTS High-level p53 protein overexpression, found in 41 of the 289 tumors, was most common in tumors with high histologic grade, negative estrogen receptor status, c-erbB-2 protein overexpression, DNA index greater than 1.3, or high S-phase fraction. The lowest S-phase levels were found in tumors with neither p53 nor c-erbB-2 protein overexpression; the highest levels were seen in tumors showing overexpression of both proteins (P less than .0001). Both p53 and c-erbB-2 overexpression, as well as tumor size, had independent prognostic value in multivariate analysis. Eight-year survival of patients with p53 protein overexpression was 56% compared with 81% in patients with no overexpression (relative risk, 3.7; P less than .0001). If the S-phase fraction was included in a Cox regression analysis, however, only the tumor size and the S-phase fraction emerged as independent predictors of survival. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of the p53 and c-erbB-2 proteins indicates a high malignant potential in ANN breast cancer, but it is not a significant prognostic factor independent of the cell proliferation rate. The correlation between overexpression of these proteins and an increased S-phase fraction suggests that they may confer a proliferative advantage to cancer cells in vivo.
Dissecting Temporal and Spatial Control of Cytokinesis with a Myosin II Inhibitor

Completion of cell division during cytokinesis requires temporally and spatially regulated communication from the microtubule cytoskeleton to the actin cytoskeleton and the cell membrane. We identified a specific inhibitor of nonmuscle myosin II, blebbistatin, that inhibited contraction of the cleavage furrow without disrupting mitosis or contractile ring assembly. Using blebbistatin and other drugs, we showed that exit from the cytokinetic phase of the cell cycle depends on ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Continuous signals from microtubules are required to maintain the position of the cleavage furrow, and these signals control the localization of myosin II independently of other furrow components.
Novel Ex Vivo Models of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: The Future of Biomarker and Therapeutic Research

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a heterogenous disease associated with variations in presentation, pathology and prognosis. Advanced EOC is typified by frequent relapse and a historical 5-year survival of less than 30% despite improvements in surgical and systemic treatment. The advent of next generation sequencing has led to notable advances in the field of personalised medicine for many cancer types. Success in achieving cure in advanced EOC has however been limited, although significant prolongation of survival has been demonstrated. Development of novel research platforms is therefore necessary to address the rapidly advancing field of early diagnostics and therapeutics, whilst also acknowledging the significant tumour heterogeneity associated with EOC. Within available tumour models, patient-derived organoids (PDO) and explant tumour slices have demonstrated particular promise as novel ex vivo systems to model different cancer types including ovarian cancer. PDOs are organ specific 3D tumour cultures that can accurately represent the histology and genomics of their native tumour, as well as offer the possibility as models for pharmaceutical drug testing platforms, offering timing advantages and potential use as prospective personalised models to guide clinical decision-making. Such applications could maximise the benefit of drug treatments to patients on an individual level whilst minimising use of less effective, yet toxic, therapies. PDOs are likely to play a greater role in both academic research and drug development in the future and have the potential to revolutionise future patient treatment and clinical trial pathways. Similarly, ex vivo tumour slices or explants have also shown recent renewed promise in their ability to provide a fast, specific, platform for drug testing that accurately represents in vivo tumour response. Tumour explants retain tissue architecture, and thus incorporate the majority of tumour microenvironment making them an attractive method to re-capitulate in vivo conditions, again with significant timing and personalisation of treatment advantages for patients. This review will discuss the current treatment landscape and research models for EOC, their development and new advances towards the discovery of novel biomarkers or combinational therapeutic strategies to increase treatment options for women with ovarian cancer.
First-Year GPA and Academic Service Use Among College Students With and Without ADHD

Objective: ADHD is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder that typically results in persistent academic difficulties over time. Although most colleges offer support services, students often do not use the available services or those to which they are entitled. The present study examined predictors of academic performance among college students with and without ADHD. In addition, the rate, predictors, and outcomes of academic service use were explored. Methods: A series of multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVAs) and regression analyses were conducted using SPSS v. 21 ® software. Results: First year college students with ADHD earned significantly lower grade point averages (GPAs) relative to students without ADHD. Additionally, ADHD combined with other disorders, but not ADHD alone, predicted higher rates of service use relative to students without ADHD. Finally, the findings suggest that typically available academic services are not independently related to GPA among first-year college students with or without ADHD. Conclusion: This study replicates previous work demonstrating significantly lower GPAs among a rigorously defined sample of students with ADHD relative to students without ADHD. Second, this study indicates that traditional predictors of college success may be less meaningful for students with ADHD relative to those without ADHD. Finally, additional research needs to be conducted regarding the use and effectiveness of academic services on college campuses.
In vivo detection of intrinsic reactive oxygen species using acyl-protected hydroxylamine in puromycin nephrosis

Intrinsic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a rat model of human minimal change nephropathy were detected directly using an in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method with 1-acetoxy-3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine (ACP) in real time. The nephrosis was induced by the intravenous administration of 75 mg/kg of puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN). It was found that ROS in the kidney were increased 1 h after the administration of PAN. This increased oxidative stress declined at 24 h and returned to a normal level 3 days after PAN administration. This is the first non-invasive in vivo detection and quantification of specific ROS in an experimental nephrosis model.
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Study of Chinese Twin Children and Adolescents

We evaluated the genetic and environmental contributions to metabolic cardiovascular risk factors and their mutual associations. Eight metabolic factors (body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and serum uric acid) were measured in 508 twin pairs aged 8–17 years from the Qingdao Twin Registry, China. Linear structural equation models were used to estimate the heritability of these traits, as well as the genetic and environmental correlations between them. Among boys, body mass index and uric acid showed consistently high heritability (0.49–0.81), whereas other traits showed moderate to high common environmental variance (0.37–0.73) in children (8–12 years) and adolescents (13–17 years) except total cholesterol. For girls, moderate to high heritability (0.39–0.75) were obtained for six metabolic traits in children, while only two traits showed high heritability and others mostly medium to large common environmental variance in adolescents. Genetic correlations between the traits were strong in both boys and girls in children (r g = 0.64–0.99 between body mass index and diastolic blood pressure; r g = 0.71–1.00 between body mass index and waist circumference), but decreased for adolescent girls (r g = 0.51 between body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio; r g = 0.55 between body mass index and uric acid; r g = 0.61 between body mass index and systolic blood pressure). The effect of genetic factors on most metabolic traits decreased from childhood to adolescence. Both common genetic and specific environmental factors influence the mutual associations among most of the metabolic traits.
Caffeine as a substitute for Schedule II stimulants in hyperkinetic children.

Children being treated with methylphenidate or dextroamphetamine for minimal brain dysfunction syndrome and subsequent hyperkinetic impulse disorder may develop annoying side effects. A pilot study substituting caffeine, in the form of two cups of regular coffee a day, suggests that caffeine may be a suitable alternative to Schedule II drugs. The author points out the advantages of treatment with caffeine and suggests some specific aspects for further studies in this area.
Kawasaki disease

Parents worry about meningitis, but few have heard of Kawasaki disease, and most doctors have never seen a case. But Kawasaki disease is an important diagnosis not to miss in febrile children because treatment within the first 10 days of illness may prevent acute and long term coronary artery damage, which on rare occasions can be fatal. Diagnostic difficulty arises because many of the early clinical features of Kawasaki disease mimic other more common self limiting febrile illnesses. To make an early diagnosis of Kawasaki disease doctors should have a high index of suspicion in an irritable child with five or more days of fever, irrespective of other clinical features. This article aims to give an overview of Kawasaki disease for doctors who manage febrile children. What is Kawasaki disease and who gets it?
Impulsive and compulsive parkin disease

In this issue of Neurology®, Morgante et al.1 present a nice genotype–phenotype study of parkin-associated Parkinson disease (PD). PD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects 4.1 to 4.6 million people worldwide2 and results in motor dysfunction and nonmotor symptoms including psychiatric problems. Impulse control disorder (ICD) is one such psychiatric problem that may present in PD. These impulsive behaviors are diverse and include excessive shopping, hypersexuality, binge-eating behavior, and pathologic gambling.3,4 The incidence of ICDs is higher in patients with PD who have been treated with long-term dopaminergic replacement therapy including dopamine agonists, levodopa, and amantadine. Increasing evidence suggests that higher levodopa equivalent daily dose, male sex, younger age at PD onset, history of alcoholism, history of smoking, family history of gambling problems, and novelty-seeking personality are risk factors of ICD.4 In addition, imaging studies propose potential neural networks that may underlie impulsivity and ICDs in PD.5 The prevalence of ICD in treated PD can be up to 35%. 6 However, in routine clinical practice, ICDs are often diagnosed late or remain undiagnosed and untreated.
Multicenter study to assess the efficacy and safety of sacroplasty in patients with osteoporotic sacral insufficiency fractures or pathologic sacral lesions

Objective To assess the outcomes and safety after CT-guided percutaneous sacroplasty in patients with painful sacral insufficiency fractures or pathologic sacral lesions. Methods A retrospective multicenter analysis of consecutive patients undergoing CT-guided sacroplasty for painful sacral insufficiency fractures or sacral lesions was undertaken. The inclusion criteria consisted of severe sacral pain not responding to conservative medical management with imaging evidence of unilateral or bilateral sacral insufficiency fractures or lesions. Outcome measures included hospitalization status (inpatient or outpatient), pre-treatment and post-treatment visual analog scale (VAS) scores, analgesic use and complications. Patients were followed at approximately 1 month and for at least 1 year after their sacroplasty procedure. Results Two hundred and forty-three patients were included in the study, 204 with painful sacral insufficiency fractures and 39 with symptomatic sacral lesions. The average pre-treatment VAS score of 9.2±1.1 was significantly improved after sacroplasty to 1.9±1.7 in patients with sacral insufficiency fractures (p<0.001). The average pre-treatment VAS score of 9.0±0.9 in patients with sacral lesions was significantly improved after sacroplasty to 2.6±2.4 (p<0.001). There were no major complications or procedure-related deaths. One patient who was treated for a sacral insufficiency fracture experienced radicular pain due to local extravasation of cement that subsequently required surgical decompression for symptomatic relief. Conclusions CT-guided percutaneous sacroplasty is a safe and effective procedure in the treatment of painful sacral insufficiency fractures or lesions. It is associated with prompt and durable pain relief and should be considered as an effective treatment option in this patient population.
Active surveillance for clinically localized prostate cancer––A systematic review

Active surveillance (AS) has been introduced as an observational strategy to delay or avoid curative treatment without compromising long‐term cancer‐specific survival. The 10 studies included in this review, published between 2008 and 2013, generally agreed upon patients selection for the AS strategy and how they should be managed within the program. However, uncertainties persists concerning optimal patient selection and reliable progression criteria, as well as the long‐term safety of AS. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:830–835. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimized design research on adjustable-speed permanent magnet coupling

Based on a 3D finite element model, one adjustable speed permanent magnet coupling(ASPMC) was studied. By analyzing finite element simulation results, some basic conclusions for adjustable-speed permanent magnet couplings' design and optimization have been presented. Simulate and analyze the electromagnetic field and eddy distributions of prototype at rated operating station. When the prototype's performance is optimum, confirm the permanent magnet's thickness and width, the copper disc's thickness and outer diameter. Besides, the relationship and regularity between the outer diameter of the coupling and transmitted power has been proposed. The prototype's torque transmission capability over the full range of slip speed for different airgap settings and process for speed adjustment are given. Manufacture a prototype and build a experimental platform. Through the experimental test, verify the reasonability of the prototype's design and the applicability of the optimizing design method.
Ferroelectric field effect transistors using very thin ferroelectric polyvinylidene fluoride copolymer films as gate dielectrics

We report electrical characterization of memory elements consisting of a p-type silicon field-effect transistor incorporating a ferroelectric polymer Langmuir–Blodgett film into the gate insulator to produce bistability through polarization hysteresis. The thin gate insulator, consisting of a 10 nm thick silicon oxide layer and a 35 nm thick ferroelectric polymer film, enabled bistable operation at 4 V. Device hysteresis as a function of gate voltage was evident both in the device capacitance, which was measured between the gate and drain, and in the source-drain conductance. The ferroelectric film polarization was not saturated, even up to operating voltages of 10 V. This is likely the reason for the short state retention of less than 10 s at room temperature. The hysteresis vanished as the sample was heated toward the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition temperature, showing that the bistability was due to ferroelectric polarization reversal.
[Peer groups].

Writing, even though it is a solitary activity, often involves working with others. As a matter of fact, businesses and teachers often expect writers to work together to generate ideas and revise each other’s work. Besides producing a higher quality piece of writing because of this collaboration, an unexpected benefit of working with a peer group is the bond that forms between individuals who belong to a cohesive group.
E‐readiness and trust: macro and micro dualities for e‐commerce in a global environment

Purpose – The paper's aim is to create a framework for national readiness and receptivity to e‐commerce at both the business to business (B2B) as well as business to consumer (B2C) levels.Design/methodology/approach – Relevant literature on e‐readiness is discussed in light of research on corruption and national values. A model is formulated at the macro level in which e‐readiness is predicted to be related to national culture values and corruption. Analysis at the micro level rests on existing literature related to trust and web site usability.Findings – At the macro level of analysis, levels of perceived corruption within a country, and overarching national values are identified as significant contributors to e‐readiness especially in the B2B realm. At a more micro level, it is proposed that individual expectations regarding ability to trust an online vendor, and the suitability of usability characteristics of web site design contribute to e‐readiness at the B2C level. Taken together, macro and macro fa.
Acculturation of Personality

The present study tests the hypothesis that involvement with a new culture instigates changes in personality of immigrants that result in (a) better fit with the norms of the culture of destination and (b) reduced fit with the norms of the culture of origin. Participants were 40 Japanese first-generation immigrants to the United States, 57 Japanese monoculturals, and 60 U.S. monoculturals. All participants completed the Jackson Personality Inventory as a measure of the Big Five; immigrants completed the Japanese American Acculturation Scale. Immigrants’ fits with the cultures of destination and origin were calculated by correlating Japanese American mothers’ patterns of ratings on the Big Five with the average patterns of ratings of European Americans and Japanese on the same personality dimensions. Japanese Americans became more “American” and less “Japanese” in their personality as they reported higher participation in the U.S. culture. The results support the view that personality can be subject to cultural influence.
The effect of cholesterol-enriched diet on the activity of some lysosomal enzymes in the liver and blood plasma of rabbits

Abstract. White New Zealand male rabbits (n = 12) were fed by high-cholesterol diet for 7 weeks. The activity of some lysosomal enzymes in blood plasma and in the liver was determined. The cholesterol-enriched diet resulted a significant of AP, LL, BGAL and BGLU activity up increase in the blood plasma to 131 %, 186 %, 308 % and 184 % as compared with those in control group of animals (n = 10). In the liver a significant increase of EL activity to 189 %, NAG to 172% and BGAL to 196 % was observed. The activity of LAP and LL decreased significantly to 76 % and 60 % of the control level, respectively.
Integration of Neurobiology and Psychopathology in a Unified Model of Suicidal Behavior

Suicidal behavior is the result of a combination of factors that span the domains of psychopathology, genetics, early life experience, family interactions, social stress, physical illness, and neurobiology. To develop predictive and explanatory models of suicidal behavior it is necessary to consider all of these domains. A stress-diathesis model is proposed that classifies risk factors for suicidal behavior into those that are trait-dependent and those that are state-dependent. The timing of suicidal behavior is determined by state-dependent factors. The relationship of psychopathologic factors such as severity of depression or anxiety to suicide will be discussed. Biologic changes that correlate with suicide may be either state- or trait-dependent. Particular emphasis will be given to changes in the serotonin system and how these may represent a constitutional risk factor as opposed to a state-dependent risk factor for suicidal behavior.
The Impact of Demographics on Choice of Survey Modes: Demographic Distinctiveness between Web-Based and Telephone-based Survey Respondents

Web surveys potentially cost less to administer and are more convenient for participants than either telephone or paper-based surveys, but concern remains about the representativeness of the respondents to the population. This research investigates the effectiveness of using Webbased survey methods by comparing response rates and demographic characteristics of the telephone-based and web-based survey respondents. The paper first reviews survey research methodologies, including recent trends in web-based surveys that take advantage of the power of modern computing and telecommunications technology. The issue of respondent characteristics in web-based surveys is then explored by comparing respondent demographics of an ongoing telephone survey to those of a subsequent Web survey of the same population. Exploratory and confirmatory statistical analyses are used to triangulate the findings and test the hypotheses. The data suggests that demographics of the respondents of the two methods are similar across race and age, but differ significantly across income and education levels, implying a converging digital divide.