Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF PAEDIATRIC HEAD INJURY IN GANDHI MEDICAL COLLEGE BHOPAL FROM MAY 2011 TO JUNE 2013

: A clinic pathological study of paediatric head injury was conducted in patients admitted in Gandhi medical college Bhopal during a period of 23 months from June 2011 to May 2013. This was done to assess various epidemiological parameters that influence that causation to trauma as well as the consequent morbidity and mortality in the paediatric age group. The study also included analysis of the paediatric age group head injury in relation to the age, sex, mode and type of injury. We also estimated differences in the incidence of recorded traumatic head injury by geographic area. Computerized tomography was done to diagnose the degree of the severity. Patients were classified by Glasgow coma scale and Scandinavian neurotrauma committee classification. It was found that 6-9 years of aged male patient with history of fall from height followed by RTA was the most common group. Closed injuries are more common and mostly associated with the orthopedic injuries. Chest infection is most common complication. Prognosis of open injury is better than closed. indicates outcome. Radiographic evidence of post-traumatic splitting of suture indicates poor outcome and high incidence of seizures. A bilateral linear skull fracture correlates with poor outcome. Incidence of post-traumatic seizure is 10% in children with depressed fracture and 7% without depressed fracture. Occurrence of generalized tonic clonic seizure indicates poor outcome to the extent of 27 of closed or open fontanel, children with motor neurological deficit like hemiparesis in about 25% of cases.
Radiative effects of ozone waves on the Northern Hemisphere polar vortex and its modulation by the QBO

Abstract. The radiative effects induced by the zonally asymmetric part of the ozone field have been shown to significantly change the temperature of the NH winter polar cap, and correspondingly the strength of the polar vortex. In this paper, we aim to understand the physical processes behind these effects using the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)'s Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, run with 1960s ozone-depleting substances and greenhouse gases. We find a mid-winter polar vortex influence only when considering the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) phases separately, since ozone waves affect the vortex in an opposite manner. Specifically, the emergence of a midlatitude QBO signal is delayed by 1–2 months when radiative ozone-wave effects are removed. The influence of ozone waves on the winter polar vortex, via their modulation of shortwave heating, is not obvious, given that shortwave heating is largest during fall, when planetary stratospheric waves are weakest. Using a novel diagnostic of wave 1 temperature amplitude tendencies and a synoptic analysis of upward planetary wave pulses, we are able to show the chain of events that lead from a direct radiative effect on weak early fall upward-propagating planetary waves to a winter polar vortex modulation. We show that an important stage of this amplification is the modulation of individual wave life cycles, which accumulate during fall and early winter, before being amplified by wave–mean flow feedbacks. We find that the evolution of these early winter upward planetary wave pulses and their induced stratospheric zonal mean flow deceleration is qualitatively different between QBO phases, providing a new mechanistic view of the extratropical QBO signal. We further show how these differences result in opposite radiative ozone-wave effects between east and west QBOs.
Reproductive Phenophases and Clutch Characteristics of Selected Arkansas Amphibians

Seasonal reproductive phenomena in 13 species of salamanders and 1 6 species of anurans from Arkansas were investigated. Most specimens were collected during a span of 6 years (1985-1 990). Clutch characteristics, including mensural and meristic data, were determined from gravid females. Insome species, the size of egg masses was also documented. Among the plethodontid salamanders, average clutch size (in parentheses) was greatest in Eurycea lucifuga (77.7) and smallest inPlethodon serratus (7.0). One of 2 ambystomatid salamanders (Ambystoma texanum) averaged 545.4 eggs per clutch; the other species (Ambystoma tigrinum) averaged 130.5. Siren intermedia nettingi(one of3 large salamanders examined) had the greatest mean clutch size (851.3). Among anurans, Rana catesbeiana had the largest clutch size and mass (43,073 eggs and 55.9 g), whereas clutches of Acris crepitans blanchardi averaged the smallest (264.1 eggs and 0.1 382 g). Multiple clutch production may be the rule in some amphibians (e.g., Desmognathus brimleyorum, A. c. blanchardi, Pseudacris triseriata feriarum, and P. streckeri streckeri); however, partial clutch deposition remains a possibility in these species. By knowing the synchrony between male and female reproductive cycles, a clarification of the onset, timing, and duration of reproductive phenophases (e.g., courtship, breeding, egg laying, etc.) was documented in many species.
Artificial magnetic metamaterial design by using spiral resonators

A metallic planar particle, that will be called spiral resonator (SR), is introduced as a useful artificial atom for artificial magnetic media design and fabrication. A simple theoretical model which provides the most relevant properties and parameters of the SR is presented. The model is validated by both electromagnetic simulation and experiments. The applications of SR's include artificial negative magnetic permeability media (NMPM) and left-handed-media (LHM) design. The main advantages of SR's for such purpose are small electrical size at resonance, absence of magnetoelectric coupling (thus avoiding bianisotropic effects in the continuous medium made of these particles), and easy fabrication. Experimental confirmation of NMPM and LHM behavior using SR's is also reported.
Preferences, Prices, and Performance in Monopoly and Duopoly

This paper takes the new approach of using a copula to characterize con- sumer preferences in a discrete choice model of product dierentiation, and applies it to the economics of monopoly and duopoly. The comparative statics of demand strength and preference diversity, both properties of the marginal distribution of val- ues for each product variety, are strikingly similar across market structures. Prefer- ence dependence, a property of the copula and an indicator of product dierentiation, is a key determinant of whether prices are higher in multiproduct industries compared to single-product monopoly. Furthermore, the eects of preference on prices and prof- its in‡uence equilibrium product selection. Remarkably, a horizontally-dierentiated duopoly sometimes can foreclose a higher-quality monopoly to the detriment of con- sumer and social welfare.
Dietary overlap among native and non-native fish in Patagonian low-order streams

The diet composition and feeding strategy of native and exotic fish species were studied from May 2005 to February 2006 in three Patagonian low-order streams. A total of 464 fish were caught, which belonged to the exotic species Oncorhynchus mykiss (270), Salmo trutta (177) and the native species Hatcheria macraei (17). The analysis of 336 stomach contents indicated that at the individual level, the three species had a generalized feeding strategy based on benthic invertebrates (Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera). In the three streams, the widest population niches were observed in winter. There was, however, also a slight tendency toward an increased between-phenotype contribution to the niche width in same season, indicating that a small proportion of individuals within the fish populations specialized by predominantly feeding on a few specific prey species. Hence, the wide population niche widths observed throughout the year were partly a result of mixed individual feeding strategies within the populations. The higher diet overlaps were registered between exotics O. mykiss-S. trutta at Glyn and Carbon, and O. mykiss and the native H. macraei at Manguera, but it changed markedly through the year, perhaps depending on temporal changes in food availability suggesting a competitive coexistence of these species. This is mainly related to the fact that both species changed their food preferences in spring and foraged almost exclusively on Aubertoperla illiesi. This implies that in order to reduce the predation risk or the inter-specific competition for food, the fish species might partition the feeding habitats.
hess-2016-252 : A site-level comparison of lysimeter and eddy covariance flux measurements of evapotranspiration by Hirschi et al

This manuscript reports on a long monitoring of evapotranspiration measurements obtained by different techniques. The topic is not novel, even if it benefits of the use of the lysimeter observations. To our knowledge, this study is the first presenting a multi-year comparison of EC and lysimeter measurements. The existing comparisons are strongly limited by the length of the analyzed time periods (generally not available beyond a few months). Here, we are in the rare situation of having both techniques (lysimeter and EC) operated in parallel at the same location over a multi-year time period. We are not aware of other studies having parallel measurements with these two techniques over such a long time period. This allows us to perform an unprecedented comparison between two well established techniques and shed light on the quality and reliability of monitored data based on these methods.
Localization of major endopeptidase activities in maize endosperms

Using a tissue print method, major endopeptidase activities were observed in the aleurone layer and along parts of scutellum surface 1 d after imbibition. By day 2 the zone of activity had spread into the subaleurone and starchy parenchyma cells of the endosperm. Three days later, activity was detected throughout the endosperm tissue, but not in the embryo. Endosperm tissues, aleurone layers and scutella were dissected from the seedlings at different stages after imbibition and endopeptidase activity was analysed by an activity stain after native PAGE. At least ten different endopeptidase activities were detected in the endosperm tissues during the initial 5 d. Activities similar to these ten enzymes were also detected in aleurone layers. These results suggest that the main source of these endopeptidases in the endosperm is the aleurone layer. The scutellum had a different spectrum of endopeptidases. One of these alternative endopeptidases, which was detected on the first day after the addition of water, was a metallo-enzyme with electrophoretic properties similar to an activity found in endosperm tissue shortly after imbibition.
‘Their two cents worth’: Exploring user agency in readers’ comments in online news media

This paper explores the assumption that user-generated content in mass media websites gives audiences greater power over influencing news making. Employing a content analysis of readers’ comments in various Greek online mass media, the study examines whether commenters assume any of the core journalistic functions regarding news production, in terms of setting the agenda, providing original information, and airing oppositional views on reported issues. From a public sphere perspective, it also examines the degree of diversity of users’ opinions within media outlets. The results suggest that whereas users challenge journalistic viewpoints to some extent, this type of audience participation is not likely to render audiences co-producers of news content in significant ways or offer opportunities for cross-cutting political exchanges.
High-power diode laser marking and engraving of building materials

A Diomed 60W-cw high power diode laser (HPDL) has been used for the marking and engraving of various building materials, including; marble, granite, clay tiles, ceramic tiles, roof tiles, ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and clay bricks. Morphological and microstructural characteristics have been investigated. The basic mechanism of marking/engraving and the characteristics of the beam absorption are discussed. The effects of material texture, color and laser processing parameters are reported. The work shows that engraving depths of over 2 mm (0.75 mm for a single pass) can be achieved on marble substrates by thermal disintegration of CaCO3 into loose CaO powder and CO2 gas. Uniform amorphous glazed lines (1 - 3 mm line width) of a color different from the untreated materials can be generated on clay tiles, ceramic tiles, roof tiles, clay bricks and OPC by solidification phase formation after laser melting of these materials. Effects of atmospheric conditions, for instance using O2 and Ar gas shrouds, have been examined, with different colored marks being observed when different shroud gases are used. To demonstrate the practical worth of the process a UMIST crest has been marked on a ceramic tile using the system. Laser beam reflectivity is found to depend not only on material composition but also its color. Reflectivity has been found to range between 12% to 18% for the various construction materials used in the experiment, except for marble (grey) which showed over 27% reflectivity. Since the HPDL is a portable device, on-site application of these processing techniques can be realized, which would be either impossible or difficult when using other types of lasers.
Brucellosis in Islamic republic of Iran

Article type: Review Article Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that is widely distributed throughout the developing countries. In this review, an overview of the epidemiological and epizootic status of brucellosis in Islamic republic of Iran is presented. In Iran, the disease was first recognized in 1932, which is now endemic in the entire country. The first animal vaccination program was carried out in 1949. Brucellosis has been found in humans, cattle, sheep, goats, camels, horses, buffaloes, dogs and the prevalence of bovine brucellosis is estimated 0.3%. The successful implementation of a national brucellosis control program requires enough compensation, farmers' cooperation, accurate diagnosis of infected animals and impetus of health system is required to overcome the disease.
EXPLORATORY INNOVATION, EXPLOITATIVE INNOVATION AND INNOVATION PERFORMANCE: THE MODERATING ROLE OF ALLIANCE PARTNER DIVERSITY

Addressing the mixed findings in the literature, we distinguish between two distinct types of innovations, exploitative and exploratory innovations, and study their relationships with innovation performance. Organizational ambidexterity, the ability of a firm to simultaneously pursue both explorative and exploitative innovations, has been highlighted as increasingly important for the sustained competitive advantage of firms. By using the Community Innovation Survey 2006 micro data for innovation from twelve countries, we showed that simultaneously pursuing exploratory and exploitative innovation hinders firms’ innovation performance. Furthermore, we proposed that firms’ collaborations with different types of partners (suppliers, customers, competitors, research institutions and universities) would moderate the impact of exploitative and exploratory innovations on firm innovation performance differently. Our study also reveals that that the use of diverse collaborators is beneficial to the contradictory pressures for explorative and exploitative innovations.
Student Growth Trajectories with Summer Achievement Loss Using Hierarchical and Growth Modeling

Student Growth Trajectories with Summer Achievement Loss Using Hierarchical and Growth Modeling Sara Bernice Chapman Educational Inquiry, Measurement, and Evaluation, BYU Doctor of Philosophy Using measures of student growth has become more popular in recent years—especially in the context of high stakes testing and accountability. While these methods have advantages over historical status measures, there is still much evidence to be gathered on patterns of growth generally and in student subgroups. To date, most research studies dealing with student growth focus on the effectiveness of specific interventions or examine growth in a few urban areas. This project explored math, reading, and English language arts (ELA) growth in the students of two rural school districts in Utah. The study incorporated hierarchical and latent growth methods to describe and compare these students’ growth in third, fourth and fifth grades. Additionally, student characteristics were tested as predictors of growth. Results showed student growth as complex and patterns varied across grade levels, subjects and student subgroups. Growth generally declined after third grade and students experienced summer loss in the second summer more than the first. Females began third grade ahead of their male peers in ELA and reading and began at a similar level in math. Male students narrowed the gap in reading and ELA in fourth and fifth grade and pulled ahead of their female peers in math in third grade. Low SES students were the most similar to their peers in math and ELA growth but were ahead of their peers in reading. Hispanic and Native American students started consistently behind white students in all subjects. Hispanic students tended to grow faster during the school year but lost more over the summer months. Native American students had more shallow growth than white students with a gradual decline in growth in fourth and fifth grades. ELA and reading growth were more closely related to each other than with math growth. Initial achievement estimates were more highly correlated with subsequent growth than previous years’ growth. A cross-classified model for teacher-level effects was attempted to account for students changing class groupings each school year but computational limits were reached. After estimating subjects and grade levels separately, results showed variance in test scores was primarily due to student differences. In ELA and reading, school differences accounted for a larger portion of the overall variance than teacher differences.
The Effect of L1 on Learning New L2 Vocabulary among Intermediate Proficiency Level Students

During the last decades, the role of mother tongue in language teaching has been the subject of a host of research studies ;however, quite rarely have researchers addressed such issues as comparing the use of mother tongue and other teaching techniques like paraphrasing and translation effects on students' reading comprehension ability and their ability in learning new English vocabulary. This study aimed to explore whether paraphrases vs. translations of new words in general English passages make any significant difference in intermediate proficiency level learners of English new vocabulary learning. It also aims to examine whether paraphrases or translations of texts at intermediate proficiency level affect significantly students' level of reading comprehension. The data for this study were collected through one proficiency test, 3 comprehension tests and one vocabulary test from 60 English students who study at SADR Private Language School in Isfahan. The data were analyzed descriptively and also inferentially. The overall findings of the study indicated that there was no significant difference between the comprehension of those who received Persian translation of new vocabulary and those who dealt with the paraphrase of the same new words and those who did not receive any L1 translation or paraphrase. The results for vocabulary test showed those who received the mother tongue definitions in front of each new word in the passage did perform significantly better on the vocabulary test than the other two groups. However study would help teachers and teacher trainers to construct and implement L1 and paraphrase in English classes more effectively.
Intercomparison of aerosol extinction profiles retrieved from MAX-DOAS measurements

Abstract. A first direct intercomparison of aerosol vertical profiles from Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) observations, performed during the Cabauw Intercomparison Campaign of Nitrogen Dioxide measuring Instruments (CINDI) in summer 2009, is presented. Five out of 14 participants of the CINDI campaign reported aerosol extinction profiles and aerosol optical thickness (AOT) as deduced from observations of differential slant column densities of the oxygen collision complex (O4) at different elevation angles. Aerosol extinction vertical profiles and AOT are compared to backscatter profiles from a ceilometer instrument and to sun photometer measurements, respectively. Furthermore, the near-surface aerosol extinction coefficient is compared to in situ measurements of a humidity-controlled nephelometer and dry aerosol absorption measurements. The participants of this intercomparison exercise use different approaches for the retrieval of aerosol information, including the retrieval of the full vertical profile using optimal estimation and a parametrised approach with a prescribed profile shape. Despite these large conceptual differences, and also differences in the wavelength of the observed O4 absorption band, good agreement in terms of the vertical structure of aerosols within the boundary layer is achieved between the aerosol extinction profiles retrieved by the different groups and the backscatter profiles observed by the ceilometer instrument. AOTs from MAX-DOAS and sun photometer show a good correlation (R>0.8), but all participants systematically underestimate the AOT. Substantial differences between the near-surface aerosol extinction from MAX-DOAS and from the humidified nephelometer remain largely unresolved.
Common Beliefs and Reality About PLS

This article addresses Rönkkö and Evermann’s criticisms of the partial least squares (PLS) approach to structural equation modeling. We contend that the alleged shortcomings of PLS are not due to problems with the technique, but instead to three problems with Rönkkö and Evermann’s study: (a) the adherence to the common factor model, (b) a very limited simulation designs, and (c) overstretched generalizations of their findings. Whereas Rönkkö and Evermann claim to be dispelling myths about PLS, they have in reality created new myths that we, in turn, debunk. By examining their claims, our article contributes to reestablishing a constructive discussion of the PLS method and its properties. We show that PLS does offer advantages for exploratory research and that it is a viable estimator for composite factor models. This can pose an interesting alternative if the common factor model does not hold. Therefore, we can conclude that PLS should continue to be used as an important statistical tool for management and organizational research, as well as other social science disciplines.
Neurosequential Model of Therapeutics in a Therapeutic Preschool: Implications for Work with Children with Complex Neuropsychiatric Problems

The two studies presented examine the use of the Neurosequential Model of Therapeutics on the social-emotional development and behavior of 28 children participating in a therapeutic preschool program. Results from these studies indicate that the use of the Neurosequential Model of Therapeutics approach to determine the nature, timing, and “dose” of developmentally appropriate activities and interventions within the context of a therapeutic preschool did improve the social-emotional development of the participating children. Interventions and activities were provided in the context of Filial Play Therapy as part of the therapeutic preschool environment. Six-month and 12-month follow-ups suggest gains in social-emotional development and behavior were retained. Implications for future use are discussed.