Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Penjualan Dan Biaya Produksi Terhadap Laba Bersih (survei Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Aneka Industri Sub Sektor Otomotif dan Komponen Yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Tahun 2011-2016)

Penjualan merupakan suatu transaksi pendapatan yaitu barang atau jasa yang dikirim seorang pelanggan untuk imbalan kas suatu kewajiban untuk membayar. Biaya produksi merupakan biaya yang terjadi untuk mengolah bahan baku menjadi produk jadi yang siap dijual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Penjualan dan Biaya Produksi terhadap Laba Bersih pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Aneka Industri sub Sektor Otomotif dan Komponen yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Tahun 20112016. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan verifikatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 10 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari sektor Aneka Industri sub sektor Otomotif selama 6 tahun (2011-2016). Sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan kriteria-kriteria tertentu. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Penjualan memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan pada Laba Bersih (2), dan Biaya Produksi memiliki pengaruh negatif yang signifikan pada Laba Bersih di perusahaan manufaktur sektor aneka industri sub sektor otomotif yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia.
Spectrofluorimetric, Atomic Absorption Spectrometric and Spectrophotometric Determination of Some Fluoroquinolones

Simple, accurate, sensitive and selective spectrofluorimetric, atomic absorption spectrometric and spectrophotometric methods are described for the quantitative determination of ten fluoroquinolones (amifloxacin, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, difloxacin hydrochloride, enoxacin, enrofloxacin, lomefloxacin hydrochloride, levofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin and pefloxacin mesylate). The first method was a spectrofluorimetric method in which samples of the studied drugs in 0.1 N H2SO4 showed native fluorescence at 450 nm when excitation was at 290 nm. The calibration graph was rectilinear from 0.3-1.4 μg mL-1 (method I). Cobalt sulphate was used for precipitation of the ion associates formed from the reaction with the cited drugs. The formation and solubility of the solid complexes at the optimum conditions of pH and ionic strength values have been studied. The method depends on direct determination of the ions in the precipitate or indirect determination of the ions in the filtrate by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The optimum conditions for precipitation were carefully studied. Rectilinear calibration graphs were obtained in the range of 3-30 μg mL-1 for each of the investigated drugs. The molar ratios of the formed chelats were determined by Job's method and their association constants were also calculated (method II). Ammonium vanadate was used for the spectrophotometric determination of the selected fluoroquinolones by oxidation in sulphuric acid medium resulting in the development of a greenish blue colour measured at 766 nm which was attributed to the vanadium (IV) produced by reduction of vanadium (V) by the selected drugs. The optimum conditions for heating time, reagent concentration and sulphuric acid concentration were carefully studied. The accuracy and precision of the proposed method was confirmed by estimating five or six replicates within Beer's law limits were obtained in the range 10-40 μg mL-1 for each of the investigated drugs with correlation coefficients not less than 0.9994 for the investigated drugs (method III). The developed spectrofluorimetric, atomic absorption spectrometric and spectrophotometric methods were applied successfully for the determination of the studied drugs in their pharmaceutical dosage forms with a good precision and accuracy compared to official and reported methods as revealed by t-and F-tests. The first method was approximately ten times more sensitive than the second and third methods. Atomic absorption spectrometric method was also applied for the determination of studied drugs in spiked urine and plasma samples.
Targeting aneuploid cancer cells

Introduction: Most cancers are characterized by some degree of aneuploidy, although its relevance for tumor initiation or progression and the nature of the initial trigger are still not well understood. It was Theodor Boveri who first suggested a link between aneuploidy and cancer at the beginning of the last century, but it is only recently that the molecular mechanisms involved have started to be uncovered. Areas covered: The molecular mechanisms that are at the origin of aneuploidy and their cellular consequences. Based on these new findings molecular targets have emerged which could lead to a specific treatment of at least some types of aneuploid tumors. Expert opinion: Therapeutic intervention specifically for aneuploid cells is a very promising approach, however, although new promising targets have been spotted they still need to be tested for proof of concept. Targeting the spindle checkpoint could be an interesting approach for cancer therapy, however, as for other mitotic targets, the open question of the therapeutic window and sensitivity of normal hemopoietic cells has to be considered carefully. Future challenges will not only include identifying and validating druggable targets related to the relevant pathways, but also finding predictive biomarkers to define the responding patient population(s).
A mathematical framework for separating the direct and bystander components of cellular radiation response

Abstract A mathematical model for fractional tumor cell survival was developed incorporating components of cell killing due to direct radiation interactions and bystander signals resulting from non-local dose deposition. Material and methods. Three possible mechanisms for signal production were tested by fitting predictions to available experimental results for tumor cells (non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H460 and melanoma MM576) exposed to gradient x-ray fields. The parameter fitting allowed estimation of the contribution of bystander signaling to cell death (20–50% for all models). Separation of the two components of cell killing allowed determination of the α and β parameters of the linear-quadratic model both with and without the presence of bystander signaling. Results and discussion. For both cell lines, cell death from bystander signaling and direct radiation interactions were comparable. For NCI-H460 cells, the values for α and β were 0.18 Gy−1 and 0.10 Gy−2 respectively when direct and bystander effects were combined, and 0.053 Gy−1 and 0.061 Gy−2 respectively when the signaling component was removed. For MM576, the corresponding respective values were 0.09 Gy−1 and 0.011 Gy−2 for the combined response, and 0.014 Gy−1 and 0.002 Gy−2 for the isolated direct radiation response. The bystander component in cell death was found to be significant and should not be ignored. Further experimental evidence is required to determine how these results translate to the in vivo situation where tumor control probability (TCP) models that currently assume cellular independence may need to be revised.
Cost-effectiveness of blood cultures for adult patients with cellulitis.

To assess the cost-effectiveness of blood cultures for patients with cellulitis, a retrospective review was conducted of clinical and microbiological data for all 757 patients admitted to a medical center because of community-acquired cellulitis during a 41-month period. Blood cultures were performed for 553 patients (73%); there were a total of 710 blood samples (i.e., a mean of 1.3 cultures were performed per patient). In only 11 cases (2.0%) was a significant patient-specific microbial strain isolated, mainly beta-hemolytic streptococci (8 patients [73%]). An organism that was considered a contaminant was isolated from an additional 20 culture bottles (3. 6%). The cost of laboratory workup of the 710 culture sets was $36, 050. Isolation of streptococci led to a change from empirical treatment with cefazolin to penicillin therapy for 8 patients. All patients recovered. In conclusion, the yield of blood cultures is very low, has a marginal impact on clinical management, and does not appear to be cost-effective for most patients with cellulitis.
A real option approach to responsible tax behavior

Recent investigative journalism such as the Paradise Papers suggests that aggressive tax planning is still present today. The initiatives of the OECD and of the EU authorities against aggressive tax planning in general, and the BEPS initiative in particular, still lack effectiveness. We analyze the fight against aggressive corporate tax planning from a Real Option Theory perspective, in order to find an explanation for the difficult shift of companies’ aggressive tax planning strategies to more responsible tax behavior. Moreover, we suggest additional public policy interventions against aggressive tax planning based on Real Option Theory insights.
Cellular responses during liver fluke infection in sheep and its evasion by the parasite

The cellular immune response in sheep to an acute and chronic primary and an acute secondary liver fluke infection were examined by immunohistology of liver tissue and flowcytometry of lymphocytes from the draining hepatic lymph nodes. Ten days after primary infection, portal tract areas surrounding migratory tunnels were infiltrated with CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes with fewer B cells and T19+ T cells. Micro abscesses were distributed sporadically in the liver parenchyma and young flukes could be easily observed in the liver tissue free from inflammatory cells. More intensive infiltration of the portal tract areas was observed during a secondary liver fluke infection characterized by a pronounced increase in eosinophils, B cells and CD4+ T cells. In addition, there was an increase in MHC class II+ fibroblastic‐like cells surrounding the migratory tracts. In contrast to the primary infection, no young flukes were observed in the same tissue areas during the secondary infection. Chronic primary infections were characterized by perilobular fibrosis and a predominance of CD8+ and γδ‐TCR+ T19‐ T cells distributed within fibrotic strands. Distinct B cell follicles were observed in the fibrotic strands and near major bile ducts and necrotic patches. Pronounced lymphocyte infiltration could occasionally be observed surrounding liver fluke eggs lodged in liver tissue. A progressive increase in lymph node weight, cell number and CD4/CD8 ratio was observed in the acute and chronic primary infections. The role of the infiltrating cell populations and possible mechanisms of immune evasion by the parasite are discussed.
The Control Operated by the Cell Cycle Machinery on MEF2 Stability Contributes to the Downregulation of CDKN1A and Entry into S Phase

ABSTRACT MEF2s are pleiotropic transcription factors (TFs) which supervise multiple cellular activities. During the cell cycle, MEF2s are activated at the G0/G1 transition to orchestrate the expression of the immediate early genes in response to growth factor stimulation. Here we show that, in human and murine fibroblasts, MEF2 activities are downregulated during late G1. MEF2C and MEF2D interact with the E3 ligase F-box protein SKP2, which mediates their subsequent degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. The cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4)/cyclin D1 complex phosphorylates MEF2D on serine residues 98 and 110, and phosphorylation of these residues is an important determinant for SKP2 binding. Unscheduled MEF2 transcription during the cell cycle reduces cell proliferation, whereas its containment sustains DNA replication. The CDK inhibitor p21/CDKN1A gene is a MEF2 target gene required to exert this antiproliferative influence. MEF2C and MEF2D bind a region within the first intron of CDKN1A, presenting epigenetic markers of open chromatin. Importantly, H3K27 acetylation within this regulative region depends on the presence of MEF2D. We propose that following the initial engagement in the G0/G1 transition, MEF2C and MEF2D must be polyubiquitylated and degraded during G1 progression to diminish the transcription of the CDKN1A gene, thus favoring entry into S phase.
Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms and their association with methotrexate toxicity: a meta-analysis

Objective A systematic review and a meta-analysis were conducted, to investigate the possible association of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms with adverse effects related to methotrexate (MTX). Methods A systematic literature search in PubMed retrieved a total of 44 studies (42 unique articles). Two polymorphisms were included in the meta-analysis: C677T and A1298C. Random effect models were used in the analysis. Odds ratios along with their 95% confidence intervals were computed to compare the distribution of alleles and genotypes between cases and controls. Results The analysis highlighted a significant association of C677T polymorphism with overall MTX toxicity, hepatotoxicity, hematological toxicity, and neurotoxicity. It also revealed an association with MTX toxicity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In contrast, a protective effect of C677T MTHFR polymorphism on acute graft-versus-host disease and on patients treated with hematopoietic cell transplantation was found. As for the A1298C polymorphism, a statistically significant association with overall MTX toxicity and a protective role of the polymorphism in rheumatoid arthritis patients was detected. Conclusion These results indicate the association of MTHFR polymorphisms with MTX toxicity. However, further studies are needed to reveal the underlying biological mechanism of the association.
Anterior Canthal Tendon Release for Correction of the Centurion Syndrome

Purpose To investigate the effectiveness of anterior canthal tendon release in the management of centurion syndrome. Methods Four patients diagnosed as having the centurion syndrome were treated over a period of 3 years. They all underwent bilateral anterior canthal tendon release under local anesthesia. Results None of these patients had adequate apposition of the lower puncta after surgery. One patient had partial relief of epiphora on one side. Conclusions Our results indicate that anterior canthal tendon release is insufficient as a sole treatment for patients with centurion syndrome.
Phospholipid-stabilized nanoparticles of cyclosporine a by rapid expansion from supercritical to aqueous solution

The purpose of this research was to form stable suspensions of submicron particles of cyclosporine A, a water-insoluble drug, by rapid expansion from supercritical to aqueous solution (RESAS). A solution of cyclosporine A in CO2 was expanded into an aqueous solution containing phospholipid vesicles mixed with nonionic surfactants to provide stabilization against particle growth resulting from collisions in the expanding jet. The products were evaluated by measuring drug loading with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), particle sizing by dynamic light scattering (DLS), and particle morphology by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction. The ability of the surfactant molecules to orient at the surface of the particles and provide steric stabilization could be manipulated by changing process variables including temperature and suspension concentration. Suspensions with high payloads (up to 54 mg/mL) could be achieved with a mean diameter of 500 nm and particle size distribution ranging from 40 to 920 nm. This size range is several hundred nanometers smaller than that produced by RESAS for particles stabilized by Tween 80 alone. The high drug payloads (≈10 times greater than the equilibrium solubility), the small particle sizes, and the long-term stability make this process attractive for development.
Brain growth in preterm infants is affected by the degree of growth restriction at birth

Abstract Objective: Documentation of examination of brain structural development by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) beyond the neonatal period is scarce for both preterm and small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Aim: To investigate structural brain development during infancy in preterm children born SGA by MRI. Methods: A total of 205 preterm infants, 139 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and 66 SGA, of which 33 had birth weight (BW) < 3rd percentile and 33 had BW 3rd–10th percentile, were examined prospectively by brain MRI at the corrected age of 5 months. The total volume of the brain, ventricles and cerebellum, the area of vermis and corpus callosum, and the height of the pituitary, mesencephalon and pons were estimated on MRI. Results: Brain volume was smaller in the SGA < 3rd percentile infants, independent of other perinatal factors. Chronic lung disease was an independent predictor of low brain volume. Pituitary height was greater in SGA < 3rd percentile than in AGA infants. The corpus callosum area was less in SGA < 3rd percentile than in SGA of 3rd–10th percentile infants. Conclusions: Preterm infants born SGA with BW < 3rd percentile had differences in brain structural measurements at the corrected age of 5 months, compared with preterm AGA infants, which could have implications for their neurocognitive development.
Community nurses' health promotion work with older people.

AIMS This paper reports a study describing community nurses' health promotion work with older people aged 50 years and above, and exploring particular health promotion initiatives for older people that would have transferability potential. BACKGROUND With the ageing of populations worldwide, community nurses in primary healthcare settings have a key contribution to make to the health improvement agenda for older people, yet little is known of the extent of this aspect of their work. METHODS Questionnaires were sent to 1062 community nurses in six Scottish National Health Service Boards - public health nurses/health visitors, district nurses, general practice nurses, community psychiatric and learning disability nurses and combined duty nurses; 373 (35%) responded, 30 of whom were interviewed by telephone. The data were collected in 2003-2004. FINDINGS Findings confirmed the wide scope of health promotion, much of which may be embedded and unrecognized. Creative group work showed promise in achieving heath gain for older people, and a range of partnership approaches - interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and interagency - was evident. Theoretical input and project opportunities within educational programmes had been a catalyst for health promotion initiatives in practice. However, evidence of audit, evaluation, and active involvement of older people in planning health promotion was limited. Funding of health promotion initiatives was vital to sustainability. CONCLUSION There is merit in making the health promotion work of community nurses more visible through audit and systematic evaluation; promoting the active involvement of older people; strengthening partnership working; and further raising the profile of health in later life within undergraduate and postgraduate community nursing programmes.
The Great Divide : Political Polarization and the U . S . Farm Bill

Scholars have long noted the trend toward increased political polarization in the U.S. Congress. This paper examines the U.S. Farm Bill in connection with polarization theories. Polarization due to changing ideologies of individual congressmen, the reshaping of districts, and the reorientation of the public affects business in Washington. This paper also discusses the impact of polarization on support for the welfare state, specifically in regard to the Farm Bill and the SNAP program. A reshaped Congress, due to a dramatic shift toward hyper-partisanship, creates friction within the legislative process, heightening differences on partisan issues like welfare spending. To measure the impact of polarization on legislation, specifically the U.S. Farm Bill, this paper tracks House final passage support for each fiveyear farm bill beginning in 1965. The voting results are compared to DW-Nominate Scores of the same period in order to determine what role political polarization plays in the legislative process. Comparing House final passage voting and DW-Nominate Scores provides a quantitative measure of polarization and its effects on legislation, both before and after the supposed spike in broad-based polarization beginning in the 1980s.
Glucose hypometabolism in primary visual cortex is commonly associated with clinical features of dementia with Lewy bodies regardless of cognitive conditions

Although metabolic reduction in the primary visual cortex on [18F]‐fluoro‐d‐glucose (FDG) positron emission tomographic (PET) scans is the hallmark of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) for differential diagnosis from Alzheimer's disease, the clinical significance of the metabolic pattern in patients without dementia remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical profiles of patients without dementia with the metabolic pattern and its relevance to DLB.
Antiangiogenic compounds interfere with chemotherapy of brain tumors due to vessel normalization

Glioblastomas are highly aggressive primary brain tumors. Curative treatment by surgery and radiotherapy is generally impossible due to the presence of diffusely infiltrating tumor cells. Furthermore, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in infiltrative tumor areas is largely intact, and this hampers chemotherapy as well. The occurrence of angiogenesis in these tumors makes these tumors attractive candidates for antiangiogenic therapies. Because antiangiogenic compounds have been shown to synergize with chemotherapeutic compounds in other tumor types, based on vessel normalization, there is a tendency toward such combination therapies for primary brain tumors also. However, vessel normalization in brain may result in restoration of the BBB with consequences for the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, we investigated this hypothesis. BALB/c nude mice with intracerebral xenografts of the human glioblastoma lines E98 or U87 were subjected to therapy with different dosages of vandetanib (an angiogenesis inhibitor), temozolomide (a DNA alkylating agent), or a combination (n > 8 in each group). Vandetanib selectively inhibited angiogenic growth aspects of glioma and restored the BBB. It did not notably affect diffuse infiltrative growth and survival. Furthermore, vandetanib antagonized the effects of temozolomide presumably by restoration of the BBB and obstruction of chemodistribution to tumor cells. The tumor microenvironment is an extremely important determinant for the response to antiangiogenic therapy. Particularly in brain, antiangiogenic compounds may have adverse effects when combined with chemotherapy. Thus, use of such compounds in neuro-oncology should be reconsidered. [Mol Cancer Ther 2008;7(1):71–8]