Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using the topology of large-scale structure in the WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey as a cosmological standard ruler

We present new and accurate measurements of the cosmic distance-redshift relation, spanning 0.2 10 Mpc/h considered in this analysis. The measured amplitudes then determine the cosmic distance D_V(z), which we obtain with 3-7% accuracies in six independent redshift slices, with the standard ruler originating in the known curvature of the model power spectrum at the smoothing scale. We introduce a new method for correcting the topological statistics for the sparse-sampling of the density field by the galaxy tracers, and validate our overall methodology using mock catalogues from N-body simulations. Our distance measurements are consistent with standard models which describe the cosmic expansion history, and with previous analyses of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs) detected by the WiggleZ Survey, with the topological results yielding a higher distance precision by a factor of 2. However, the full redshift-space power-spectrum shape is required to recover the topological distances, in contrast to the preferred length scale imprinted by BAOs, which is determined by simpler physics.
High dissolved extracellular enzymatic activity in the deep central Atlantic ocean

The distribution of prokaryotic abundance (PA), prokaryotic heterotrophic production (PHP), and suspended particulate organic material (POM), as well as total and dissolved (operationally defined as passing through 0.2 mu m pore size filters) potential extracellular enzymatic activities (EEA; alpha- and beta-glucosidase [AGase and BGase], leucine aminopeptidase [LAPase], and alkaline phosphatase [APase]) were determined in the meso- and bathypelagic waters of the (sub)tropical Atlantic along an eastern zonal transatlantic transect and a western N-S transect. Significant differences between both transects were found for POM concentration but not for PA, PHP (except in the subsurface and oxygen minimum layer), and dissolved and total EEA. PHP decreased by 3 orders of magnitude from the lower euphotic zone to bathypelagic waters, while PA and cell-specific PHP decreased only by 1 and 2 orders of magnitude, respectively. The proportion of the dissolved to the total EEA was high in the dark ocean for all the enzymes, ranging from 54 to 100, 56 to 100, 65 to 100 and 57 to 97 % for AGase, BGase, LAPase and APase, respectively. The kinetic parameters (V-max, and K-m) of both the dissolved and total fractions of LAPase and APase were very similar throughout the water column, suggesting a similar origin for both dissolved and particulate EEA. Significant correlations of both dissolved and total EEA were found with prokaryotic metabolism and the POM pool. Based on the previous notion that the fraction of dissolved EEA is higher in particle-attached than in free-living microbes, our results suggest that microbial activity in the dark ocean occurs mainly on colloidal and particulate material. This is in agreement with recent genomic evidence. However, these colloidal and particulate materials are prone to disruption during the sampling process. Hence, more selective sampling techniques are needed to specifically collect these deep-water aggregates that probably represent hotspots of microbial activity in the deep ocean.
SEGMENTING EWOM ENGAGERS ON ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS BASED ON PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS AND BEHAVIOUR

The evolution of the Internet has extended consumers’ options for communicating their opinions or experiences without any company filters by engaging in electronic word of mouth (eWOM). One of the mediums in which eWOM is effectively disseminated to multitude of people is online social networks (SNSs). SNSs are different from other channels of eWOM, because of their unique characteristic; source trustworthiness. The received information is from a person which is accepted as contact with the consent of the person. In this study, we tried to understand the eWOM engagers on SNSs by personal characteristics and SNS usage behaviour based segmentation. With a sample size of 244, we conducted an online survey. Data was analyzed by factor analysis first. Then, the factor scores were entered in a cluster analysis using a combined hierarchical and non-hierarchical method. At the end, we defined four segments: viral producers, active communicators, average participators, passive communicators.
TESTS ON REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS WITH PRE-STRESSING AND WITH TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT UNDER IMPACT LOADING

Current empirical formulae for design of concrete elements under impact loading are based on tests carried out on reinforced concrete elements with longitudinal reinforcement and they are applicable only to such elements. The influence of pre-stressing or transverse reinforcement is not taken into account. The aim of this test campaign carried out at VTT testing facility in Espoo, Finland, was to assess the influence of longitudinal pre-stressing and transverse reinforcement, separately and combined, on punching resistance of concrete elements under impact loading. Six tests presented in this paper were carried out on low aspect ratio concrete slabs under medium velocity hard missile impact. The variables were: the level of pre-stressing and the transverse reinforcement in form of T-headed bars. The results are presented in terms of scabbed concrete area and permanent deflection for each tested slab. It was observed that the level of damage of pre-stressed concrete elements without transverse reinforcement, in terms of scabbed area, was higher than reinforced concrete elements although the permanent deflections are lower. On the other hand, the transverse reinforcement reduces scabbed area as well as the level of permanent defections.
Scheduling irrigation for jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)

This study was performed to select suitable indicator for scheduling the irrigation of jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill. ) grown in the Loess Plateau. The relationships between plant-based indicators and soil matrix potential as well as meteorological factors of jujube under deficit irrigation compared with well irrigation were determined. The results showed that maximum daily trunk shrinkage increased and maximum daily trunk diameter, gas conductance and midday leaf water potential decreased in response to higher and lower soil matrix potential, respectively. However, the maximum daily trunk shrinkage signal intensity to noise ratio was highest in response to higher and lower soil matrix potential. Besides, the maximum daily trunk shrinkage correlated well with reference evapotranspiration and vapor pressure deficit (r 2 = 0.702 and 0.605 respectively). When the soil water potential was greater than -25kPa or less than –40 kPa, maximum daily trunk shrinkage values showed increasing trend, suggesting that Jujube might be subject to water stress. Based on this, the suitable soil water potential values of pear-jujube in anthesis and setting periods were identified between -40 kPa and - 25 kPa and the values can conduct precise irrigation of jujube in the Loess Plateau. Keywords: Water stress, water status indicators, soil water potential, Jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill. ), anthesis, fruit setting periods African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(35), pp. 5694-5703, 30 August, 2010
Upr Signaling Induces Jnk Pathway Activation in Drosophila Melanogaster

W e report in this paper the requirement of xbp-1 gene for regulating unfolded protein response (UPR) target genes and induced JNK pathway. The UPR is essential for cell survival during endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Upon ER stress, Dxbp-1 transcript was submitted to an "unconventional" splicing that generated a processed Dxbp-1s transcript encoding DXbp-1 protein isform. Over-expression of Dxbp-1s increased expression of the pDI gene, a known UPR target, but high levels of Dxbp-1s also induced embryonic lethality associated with activate JNK pathway.
‘Zwicky's Nonet’: a compact merging ensemble of nine galaxies and 4C 35.06, a peculiar radio galaxy with dancing radio jets

We report the results of our radio, optical and infrared studies of a peculiar radio source 4C 35.06, an extended radio-loud active galactic nucleus (AGN) at the centre of galaxy cluster Abell 407 (z = 0.047). The central region of this cluster hosts a remarkably tight ensemble of nine galaxies, the spectra of which resemble those of passive red ellipticals, embedded within a diffuse stellar halo of ∼1 arcmin size. This system (named ‘Zwicky's Nonet’) provides unique and compelling evidence for a multiple-nucleus cD galaxy precursor. Multifrequency radio observations of 4C 35.06 with the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT) at 610, 235 and 150 MHz reveal a system of 400-kpc scale helically twisted and kinked radio jets and outer diffuse lobes. The outer extremities of jets contain extremely steep-spectrum (spectral index −1.7 to −2.5) relic/fossil radio plasma with a spectral age of a few ×(10^7–10^8) yr. Such ultra-steep spectrum relic radio lobes without definitive hotspots are rare and they provide an opportunity to understand the life cycle of relativistic jets and physics of black hole mergers in dense environments. We interpret our observations of this radio source in the context of growth of its central black hole, triggering of its AGN activity and jet precession, all possibly caused by galaxy mergers in this dense galactic system. A slow conical precession of the jet axis due to gravitational perturbation between interacting black holes is invoked to explain the unusual jet morphology.
Evaluation of Eating Behavior and Nutritional Status Using the Nutrition Quotient in Obese Children

In Korea, the obesity rate among children and adolescents is 15.3% and is steadily increasing. Twenty-five percent of boys are overweight, which exceeds the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development average of 23%. These phenomena are largely attributed to westernized dietary habits and insufficient exercise. Particular attention is required because 60% of obese children and adolescents will exhibit adult obesity and because obesity has negative effects such as a psychological loss of self-esteem. In addition, according to the 2012 citizen health statistics data, 7.3% of children aged 6–11 years and 17.0% of adolescents aged 12–18 years suffered from insufficient nutrient intake in Korea, and 8.4% and 7.4% of individuals in the same age groups, respectively, had excessive energy and fat intakes; as a consequence, 15.7% of kindergarteners and younger elementary school students and 24.4% of older elementary school students suffered from defective or excessive nutrient intake. Because obesity in children should not be treated or managed with medication, in contrast to adults, exercise practice, dietary habits, and lifestyles must be changed, and parental interests and efforts are essential to this process. Obese children exhibit characteristic eating behaviors such as irregular meals, overeating, increased intake of processed and instant foods, and rapid eating speeds. During childhood, systematic nutritional management via an accurate eating behavior analysis can promote the acquisition of nutrient-related knowledge and quickly and effectively promote positive attitudes toEvaluation of Eating Behavior and Nutritional Status Using the Nutrition Quotient in Obese Children
Farmers adaptation to climate change in Ondo State, Nigeria: A gender analysis

In combating the problem created by adverse climatic change, farmers in the areas had been introduced to climate change adaptation practices for the purposes of increasing yields for better livelihood and food security. The study used multi-stage sampling technique to collect information from 120 respondentsts. Data collected were subjected to descriptive, gross margin and multinomial logit analyses. Results of the descriptive analyses reveal that the mean age of the male farmers was 46.3 years while that of the female farmers was 45.5 years. The mean farm sizes were 3.8 hectare and 1.4 hectare for male and female farmers, respectively. The results of the gross margin analysis reveal that the total revenue to an average male maize farmers was N101,443.8 and that of an average female farmer was N78,551.1. The gross margin for and average male farmer was N71,905.8 while that of an average female farmer was N58,098. Multinomial logit analysis revealed that credit access positively influenced mulching, irrigation and tree planting practices. Extension visits positively influenced varying time of planting and tree planting practices. Government and development agencies should introduce policies and programme that would enhance strong and virile extension and credit units. Keywords: Climate change, adaptation, multinomial logit, gender.
Consistency of local perceptions of climate change in the Kangchenjunga Himalaya landscape

The Himalaya is experiencing rapid climate change that is likely to significantly impact local ecosystems, biodiversity, agriculture and human well-being. However, the scientific community has been slow to examine the extent and consequences of climate change. Local communities have been coping with environmental change since millennia. Thus they often have considerable knowledge about environmental change and means to cope with its consequences. We (a) examined the perceptions of local communities about climate change and its impacts on ecosystems, biodiversity, agriculture and livelihoods in the Kangchenjunga Himalayas region; (b) analysed the consistency of perceptions across geographical regions, and (c) assessed the conformity between local perceptions and scientific evidence. Our study is based on surveys conducted in 576 households, focus group discussions, key informant surveys and direct observations. The results show that people in the Kangchenjunga Himalayas region have considerable knowledge of climate change and its effects on the weather, ecosystems, biodiversity and agriculture. These perceptions are consistent across the region and conform to scientific findings.
Multicomponent multicompartment model for Fischer-Tropsch SCBR

The Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) in which a syngas is converted into a wide range of paraffins, olefins, and oxygenates, has found renewed interest in the context of indirect conversion of natural gas. Slurry bubble column reactors (SBCR) rank high among the candidate reactors for FTS. Despite their simple construction, their design are still uncertain because of the fragmented understanding about FTS chemistry, the reactor fluid mechanics, heat and mass transfer, the thermodynamics, and how these phenomena are intermingled in the reactor. A multicomponent/compartment model was developed to account for a detailed hydrodynamics where upon were tied the Fischer–Tropsch and water-gas-shift reactions, the thermodynamics and thermal effects, the variable gas flow-rate because of chemical/physical contraction, and gas and slurry (re)circulation and percompartment back-mixing. A Cobased mechanistic kinetics accounting for olefin re-adsorption was used to describe paraffin and olefin formation and vapor–liquid equilibria were evaluated using a Peng-Robinson/Marano-Holder model. The model was used to analyze the effects of catalyst loading, temperature, gas velocity, water-gas shift, and gas contraction on the performance of SBCRs. The simulated behavior for commercial-scale SBCR was discussed in the light of a sensitivity analysis of the model outputs with regard to the hydrodynamic, the heat and mass transfer parameters. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007
An Organic Geochemical Study of Austrian Bituminous Rocks

The main goal of this study is a detailed organo-geochemical investigation of the classical locality of the organic-rich Upper Liassic sediments the socalied Bächental Schichten in Tyrol. In addition also data on HCI-insoluble residues and bitumen yield from various Alpine formations are provided, namely of the Upper Triassic (Norian)Seefelder Schichten, the Upper Liassic of Grünbachgraben in Salzburg, the Upper Cretaceous bituminous limestones of Kainacher Gosau, Styria, and the coal-bearing bituminous Häringer Schichten of Oligocene age. In respect to bitumen content all these organic-rich sediments are comparable with good oil source rocks. The anoxic "event" of the Bächental Schichten seems to start in the Upper Pliensbachian, as indicated by recent findings of Arieticeras sp. and (? )Leptaleoceras sp. The main stratigraphic interval of organic-ric.h sedimentation, however, most probably was in the Lower Toarcian stage. The dark chocolate-brown Bächental Schichten consist of well bedded (2-dm range) bituminous marls or marly limestones and very often show well expressed lamination. Radiolarians and sponge spicules are the dominant biota. The biofacies indicates outer neritic/pelagic depositional environment. The carbon isotope composition of the organic matter of Bächental Schichten is enriched in the light carbon isotope up to a ö13C-value of -32.20/00, the carbonates up to -2.750/00. All the fractions of organic-rich matter bitumen and kerogen are enriched in the light carbon isotope. This feature is typical for organic matter of sapropelic type, originating from lipids of plankton biomasse residues. The principal source of organic matter are unicellular, organic-walled greenand bluegreen algae. The established distribution of carbon isotopes in the bitumen fractions is charateristic for sapropelic organic matter deposited under 02-depletetd conditions in low-energy environments. The molecular structure analysis of Bächental organic matter shows abundant saturated hydrocarbons. An aliphatic nature of organic matter is manifested in all rest bitumen fractions. A further peculiarity in the molecular composition is a high content of metalporphyrins, especially of vanadyl porphyrins. Also etioporphyrins are present together with DPEPporphyrins, the latter confirm the inheritage from a bioprecur292 sor chlorophyll molecule. Enrichment of porpyhrins in organic matter together with high sulfur content is considered as proof for anoxic conditions and reductive diagenesis in the sediment. However, the presence of perylene points to a nonexistence of stagnant sedimentation. The absence of copper porphyrins in the bitumen can be considered as indication for the absence or terrigeneous input to the sediment. High yield of bitumen which is extremely rich in geochemically mature petroporphyrins Niand VO-complexes gives evidence of the high maturation stage of Bächental Schichten.
Perspectives on the Function of Behaviors Synchronized with Calling in Female Killer Whales, Orcinus orca: Patterns of Bubbling and Nodding in Bouts

Author(s): Bowles, Ann E. ; Musser, Whitney B. ; Denes, Samuel L. ; Grebner, Dawn M. ; Clark, Kelly Flaherty | Abstract: In odontocetes, synchronous visible displays accompany a small proportion of vocalizations but the function of these multimodal signals is still unclear. Bouts of stereotyped pulsed calls were collected from two adult female killer whales (Orcinus orca) concurrently with behavioral observations and the incidence of two synchronous behaviors, bubble streams and nodding, were measured. Thirty-four hours of focal individual data were collected in the presence of dependent calves in 1993 and 1994. Overall, 471 pulsed calls were attributed to the two subjects using synchronous behaviors or independent cues (proximity, localization by ear in air). Both subjects used the same stereotyped pulsed call repertoire and they ordered calls within bouts similarly, despite dissimilar previous histories. Both nodding and bubble streams were disproportionately associated with a subset of stereotyped pulsed calls, but the subset was different for the two behaviors. General Linear Model analysis was used to predict the relative odds that the subjects would be swimming with calves given call class and attribution cue. Bubbling was not associated with significant odds that a subject would be swimming with one or more calves, but nodding was associated with significantly higher odds and resting calls with lower odds. Given these observations, synchronous behaviors in the presence of calves could function in one or more of the following ways: altering the signal value of calls, emphasizing an aspect of the social context, and facilitating learning. All are possibilities at the interface between cognition and communication that would have interested Stan Kuczaj.
Effects of culture conditions on mycelial growth and luminescence in Panellus stypticus

A pure culture ofPanellus stypticus was isolated from a mature basidiocarp and studied for its growth and luminescence abilities under various environmental and nutritional conditions. The culture was non-luminous growing submerged in defined liquid media with or without agitation. After a two- to three-day lag period on solid substrata, luminescence increased exponentially with a doubling time of 4 hours while the increase in colony radial growth was linear. On solid substrata, growth and total light emission were strongly correlated under most conditions studied. Optimal conditions included darkness; 28 C; pH 3.8; glucose, maltose, trehalose, cellobiose or pectin as carbon source; and ammonia or asparagine as nitrogen source. Growth and luminescence were inhibited by ambient fluorescent light. Dark-grown colonies were brightest in the center while light-grown colonies were brightest at the pe? riphery. Cultures hydrolyzed starch and produced an extracellular phenoloxidase. Conditions for pro? duction of luminescent basidiocarps by this culture are described.
Age Determinations of the Hyades, Praesepe, and Pleiades via MESA Models with Rotation

The Hyades, Praesepe, and Pleiades are well-studied stellar clusters that anchor important secondary stellar age indicators. Recent studies have shown that main sequence turn off based ages for these clusters may depend on the degree of rotation in the underlying stellar models. Rotation induces structural instabilities that can enhance the chemical mixing of a star, extending its fuel supply. In addition, rotation introduces a modulation of the star’s observed magnitude and color due to the effects of gravity darkening. We aim to investigate the extent to which stellar rotation affects the age determination of star clusters. We utilize the MESA stellar evolution code to create models that cover a range of rotation rates corresponding to Ω/Ωc = 0.0–0.6 in 0.1 dex steps, allowing the assessment of variations in this dimension. The statistical analysis package, MATCH, is employed to derive ages and metallicities by fitting our MESA models to Tycho BT, VT, and 2MASS J, Ks color–magnitude diagrams. We find that the derived ages are relatively insensitive to the effects of rotation. For the Hyades, Praesepe, and Pleiades clusters, we derive ages based on synthetic populations that model a distribution of rotation rates or a fixed rate. Across each case, the derived ages tend to agree roughly within errors, near 680, 590, and 110–160 Myr for the Hyades, Praesepe, and Pleiades clusters, respectively. These ages are in agreement with Li depletion boundary-based ages and previous analyses that used nonrotating isochrones. Our methods do not provide a strong constraint on the metallicities of these clusters.