Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A critical exploration of professional perceptions of harm reduction policy and practice in Vietnam

Throughout the 1990s, Vietnam experienced a dramatic rise in the prevalence of HIV among people who use drugs. In response, Vietnam’s Ministry of Health implemented several legal and policy interventions in the name of harm reduction. However, perceptions about drug use, people who use drugs, addiction and the nature of official interventions are contested. For many Vietnamese officials, abstinence remains the dominant philosophy. Drug use is considered a ‘social evil’ in Vietnam and people who use drugs face draconian controls and incarceration in the name of treatment and crime prevention. Against this background, this thesis explores how key stakeholders perceive harm reduction philosophy and how they apply it in policy and practice. Based on qualitative and quantitative methods, it presents findings from a survey with 250 respondents and 26 semi-structured interviews, all with professionals involved in responding to drug use in Vietnam. The thesis illustrates that these professionals prefer abstinence approaches, and often see addiction as the result of moral failings and brain diseases. While some interventions in the name of harm reduction are accepted, they are firmly rooted within a narrow public health perspective. Professional misperceptions about the key principles and practices of ‘authentic’ harm reduction are widespread. Many professionals believe, for example, that harms can only be limited through reductions in the demand and supply of drugs, or that detaining people who use drugs in compulsory treatment centres is a form of harm reduction. These rationales have resulted in continuing police crackdowns, and the use of ‘pseudo’ harm reduction strategies to control and punish people who use drugs. Meanwhile, there are limited official attempts to address problems experienced by people who use drugs, like social isolation, stigma, discrimination, human rights violations, or problems of community reintegration. In conclusion, while a harm reduction rhetoric is regularly employed in Vietnam, ‘pseudo’ harm reduction strategies are carried out.
Abundance or crisis? Transformations in the media ecology of Swedish cultural journalism over four decades

The aim of this study is to map and scrutinize developments within Swedish cultural journalism, with a particular focus on transformations in genres, text types and thematic repertoires. Drawing on a constructed week sample from press, television and radio during four decades (1985, 1995, 2005, 2015), we address three aspects of ‘the crisis discourse’ of cultural journalism: (1) the potential decline in cultural coverage due to economic cutbacks and downsized cultural desks; (2) cultural journalism’s perceived ‘quality crisis’ connected to transformations of thematic repertoires; and (3) the alleged decline of cultural expertise related to changes in cultural journalism’s generic structures. The study makes a unique contribution to cultural journalism scholarship by identifying media-specific differences and complementary relationships between media forms, building on media ecology and genre theory. In contrast to the crisis discourse, results show that cultural journalism has expanded significantly through popularization and thematic and generic diversification, but the transformations are different in press, radio and television due to differing role positions in the larger media ecosystem. In addition, some parts of the cultural journalism media ecology appear to be endangered.
THE ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ ANXIETY IN LEARNING WRITING AT THE 10TH GRADE OF VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

The ability to develop and produce written text is major achievement that the students must over hand. In writing, students can communicate and share knowledge , it also can support comprehension learning, to explore their feelings and beliefs . In EFL students tend to have difficulties in showing their ideas through impromtu way. The students lack do their exercise, feel confuse, not confidence, difficult to understand and comprehen d the English From those problem it shows the students got an anxiety. Anxiety in writing shows a great role in giving negative influence for writing progress and writing acquisitions of students . In this study, the writer carried out the most dominant type and the main causes of students’ anxiety in learning writing. The writer used qualitative research method and descriptive case study research design in conducting the process of research. By using questionnaires of SLWAI (Second Language Writing Anxiety Inventory) and CWAI (Causes of Writing Inventory), and it also using interview to get more in-depth information of causes anxiety in learning writing. The writer was carried out in X Administrasi Perkantoran 3 of one vocational high school in Cirebon (Thirty six students in total and took 20 students as the participants). The findings of this qualitative research study indicated a somatic anxiety as the dominant type. Fear of negative comments and evaluation, time pressure and insufficient writing practice as its main causes of students’ anxiety in learning writing. DOWNLOAD ABSTRACT
International Momentum Strategies

International equity markets exhibit short-term return continuation. Between 1980 and 1995 an internationally diversified portfolio of past short-term winners outperformed a portfolio of short-term losers by more than one percent per month, after correcting for risk. Return continuation is present in all twelve sample countries and lasts for about one year. Return continuation is negatively related to firm size but is not limited to small firms. The international evidence is remarkably similar to findings for the U.S. by Jegadeesh and Titman (1993) and makes it unlikely that the U.S. experience was simply due to chance. Because momentum strategies are relatively easy to implement, the results pose a
English Language Teachers’ Awareness of English as a Lingua Franca in Multilingual and Multicultural Contexts

Today English has become the Lingua Franca or common language of many people, regardless of their being native or nonnative speaker of English all over the world. Therefore, it has become necessary to educate pre-/in-service teachers with an awareness towards the significance of the involvement of an “English as a lingua franca” (ELF) perspective in their language teaching practice in multilingual/multicultural contexts. In a rapidly changing world, many English language teachers and teacher trainers are cognizant of the impact of migration in their teaching contexts. However, it is still not very clear to what extent and in what context they are integrating ELF related issues in their language teaching practice. In this study, we make an attempt to unveil in-service teachers’ beliefs about ELF in pedagogical practice in three different countries – Poland, Portugal and Turkey. In order to do that we have adopted a questionnaire from an earlier study investigating the involvement of culture in ELT in expanding circle contexts. The findings of the study revealed that although teachers in these contexts are aware of the significance of the inclusion of an ELF-aware perspective in ELT, they are still hesitant about its applicability in their own teaching context. This study has implications for raising English language teachers’ awareness in conceptualizing how an ELF-aware pedagogical approach can be implemented in a multilingual/multicultural context.
An Asian American Community Intergenerational Response to Older Adult Isolation and Loneliness

ABSTRACT The increased number of Asian Americans in the southern region of the United States has led to concerns about isolation among older adults. Using the case study methodology, the study aimed to examine the development and implementation of ethnic intergenerational programs as an example of an Asian American community response to needs. Themes identified are 1) programs in response to community-identified need; 2) program development for target populations; 3) program successes of shared learning and social connections; and 4) program challenges of barriers and expansion. Study findings have potential for programmatic and community responses to address isolation of older Asian Americans. Ethnic-specific programs such as the ones examined in this study may be more community driven and centered, culturally appropriate, and effective than one-size-fits-all approaches.
The Crisis of the Welfare State and the Politics of the Past in Black Metal and Folk Metal Subcultures

Anti-modernism has always been a part of the ideology of black metal and folk metal subcultures. In addition to Christianity, a common enemy in the field of modernity is the ‘social democratic’ welfare state. Although at least black metal can be considered as a counterculture, both black metal and folk metal subgenres reflect widely shared ideas from the mainstream. Based on interview material, this article examines how members of black metal and folk metal subcultures participate in the discussion about the welfare state. It gives voice to individuals rarely heard in music media or in the gatherings of the black metal and folk metal scenes. This article brings forward critical discourses about the apolitical tradition of heavy metal subcultures. It discusses ideologies and representations, and reception of ideas shared in metal communities.
A PRACTICAL PLANNING INTEGRATION FRAMEWORK FOR ONTOLOGY-DRIVEN APPLICATIONS

A PRACTICAL PLANNING INTEGRATION FRAMEWORK FOR ONTOLOGY-DRIVEN APPLICATIONS Huy Pham University of Guelph, 2013 Advisors: D. A. Stacey & A. Ferworn Despite the many clear advantages that ontology has to o er as a standardized knowledge representation language, many intelligent system developers still nd it di cult to jump on the band wagon and represent all their application knowledge using ontology. This di culty and hesitation stems primarily from the fact that, while most ontology languages provide native support for reasoning about the domain's structures, they do not provide adequate support for computational planning the kind of reasoning used by many intelligent systems to derive their purposeful behaviors. To overcome this challenge, a lot of work has been done to discover a practical way to seamlessly incorporate planning into ontology languages. As it has been well-established in the literature however, this is a very challenging task from both a theoretical and practical stand point, and many of the reported works in this direction either have had very limited success, or have been done in ad hoc and less reusable manners. In this thesis, we report our pursuit of a new approach to integrating planning into ontology-driven applications. This approach promises to overcome the di culties faced by many of the existing approaches. In addition to producing a reusable and extensible framework for doing computational planning in ontology-driven applications, our pursuit also raises and answers some interesting ontology research questions that could have potential impacts on several application domains beyond the integration of planning and ontological modeling.
Implementing Quizizz as Game Based Learning in the Arabic Classroom

Abstract Quizizz is an online assessment tool as a fun multiplayer classroom activity that allows all students to practice together with their computer, Smartphone and I Pad. The main purpose of this research is evaluating the effectively interesting of students for Arabic class by implement of Quizizz as a game based learning in the Arabic classroom of Sultan Idris Education University Malaysia . The researchers tested 85 students for 3 sections during Arabic course titled “Arabic skill”. And created 20 questions relevant to the topics which are students already learned before by using Quizizz as games based learning for 20 minutes before finishing Arabic class once the students feel very tired, sleeping and bored for their Arabic class. And a set of questioners was distributed to those students regarding to their opinion of implementing Quizizz during the Arabic class. According to testing the implementing of Quizizz by researcher during the Arabic skill classroom, found that all students were very active to answer the questions which provided by researches, and more concentrated on the topic. And the results of the questioners shows that the students displayed the position attitude for quizizz as a online teaching and assessment tool during the Arabic class.
Development and application of a scale to measure students’ STEM continuing motivation

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to develop a scale to measure students’ STEM continuing motivation (CM). In accordance with the conceptualisation of CM by Maehr (1976. Continuing motivation: An analysis of a seldom considered educational outcome. Review of Educational Research, 46(3), 443–462. doi:10.3102/00346543046003443), we define STEM CM as students’ tendencies to actively engage in STEM-related activities. The STEM Continuing Motivation Scale was developed from a literature review and student cognitive interviews, and was validated on a sample of 465 Chinese 7th and 8th graders. The results demonstrated that the developed scale had high reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.91) and good validity. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that boys had significantly higher STEM CM than girls and there were significant differences in engineering CM among students from different schools. The implications of the findings of this study are also discussed.
Semantic Analysis using Wikipedia Graph Structure

Wikipedia is becoming an important knowledge source in various domain specific applications based on concept representation. While lexical resources like WordNet cover generic English well, they are weak in their coverage of domain-specific terms and named entities, which is one of the strengths of Wikipedia. Furthermore, semantic relatedness methods that rely on the hierarchical structure of a lexical resource are not directly applicable to the Wikipedia link structure, which is not hierarchical and whose links do not capture well defined semantic relationships like hyponymy. We introduce a vector space representation of concepts using Wikipedia graph structure to calculate semantic relatedness. The proposed method starts from the neighbourhood graph of a concept as the primary form and transfers this graph into a vector space to obtain the final representation. The proposed method achieves state-of-the-art results on various relatedness datasets. We evaluate Wikipedia in a domain-specific semantic relatedness task and are able to demonstrate that Wikipediabased methods can be competitive with state of the art ontology-based methods and distributional methods in the biomedical domain. The comparison includes a wide range of structure and corpus-based methods, such as our proposed word2vec-based embeddings: a hybrid distributional/knowledge-based word2vec and node-embedding, a word2vec application on graph structure. Our representations have also been reported to achieve the highest results in a query expansion task. We also use a standard coherence model to show that the proposed relatedness method performs successfully in Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD). We then suggest a different formulation for coherence to demonstrate that, in a short enough sentence, there is one key entity that can help disambiguate every other entity. Using this finding, we provide a vector space based method that can outperform the standard coherence model in a significantly shorter computation time. We use our findings in WSD to create a complete wikifier, a supervised approach based on learning to rank that combines our new coherence measure with other sources of information, such as textual context. The final product is an open source project that is available through direct API or web service.
Unmarried cohabitation and its fertility in Ireland: Towards post-Catholic family dynamics?

Ireland was known for being conservative in family matters. The 2015 referendum that allowed same-sex marriage and the 2018 one that allowed abortion showed this is no longer true. This article aims at better understanding recent family change in Ireland by looking at changes in values on topics related with family behaviour and change in behaviour related with family formation–the rise of unmarried cohabitation, and childbearing within unmarried cohabitation–with a focus on the Catholic dogma and its role in the Irish society. We use data from the 2008 European Value Survey and from the five censuses conducted between 1991 and 2011. We find that the young have been moving away from the teachings of the Church on unmarried cohabitation, but that a few years before the 2018 referendum, they were still close to it on abortion. There is no clear negative relationship between cohabitation or fertility within cohabitation and education, but the use of cohabitation seems to vary according to education. The most enduring legacy of the Church doctrine seems to be the late development of family policies that make motherhood hard to reconcile with work and might explain why cohabiting women have few children.
Supervision on early intervision practices for teachers of the deaf

The objective of the present study was to examine the early intervention practices of two teachers working with infants with hearing loss and the supervision provided to these teachers to improve their practices. It was designed as a qualitative case study. Data were collected with intervention session video recordings, evaluation meeting audio recordings, session plans, the reflective journals, teacher evaluation forms and interviews conducted with teachers. The data were analysed with the inductive analysis method. Study findings were presented under four themes; the early intervention process, supervision of this process, teacher views and the views of the supervisor on the supervision process and improvements observed in teacher skills. It was found that teachers shared similar intervention goals, however their implementation and management of the process were different. The supervisor provided corrective and confirmatory feedback to the teachers. It was determined that the positive relationship formed between the teachers and the supervisor was considered important by both parties. Key words: Teachers of the deaf, early intervention, teacher supervision, qualitative research.
Online fraud victimisation in Australia: Risks and protective factors

Online fraud includes dating or romance scams, deceptive sales of products and services, dishonest investment schemes, lottery or inheritance scams, working from home scams or lottery fraud involving false prize draws or sweepstakes. These frauds are costly not only in their financial impact on business and government, but also because of the detrimental impact they have on victims. To gain a better understanding of online consumer fraud, the Australian Institute of Criminology worked with the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission to compare a matched sample of victims and non-victims. This study aimed to identify and quantify the factors that make some individuals more vulnerable to consumer fraud than others. It was found that greater familiarity with online activities resulted in a reduced likelihood of victimisation and that victims were more likely to have used money wire transfers and electronic funds transfers to send money in response to scam invitations than other forms of payment. These findings support the development of targeted awareness-raising campaigns focusing on the online behaviour most likely to lead to fraud victimisation. It offers policymakers and consumer affairs organisations opportunities to better target fraud prevention and education initiatives.
NeuroImage: Clinical Fractal dimension of cerebral white matter: A consistent feature for prediction of the cognitive performance in patients with small vessel disease and mild cognitive impairment

Patients with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) frequently show decline in cognitive performance. However, neuroimaging in SVD patients discloses a wide range of brain lesions and alterations so that it is often difficult to understand which of these changes are the most relevant for cognitive decline. It has also become evident that visually-rated alterations do not fully explain the neuroimaging correlates of cognitive decline in SVD. Fractal dimension (FD), a unitless feature of structural complexity that can be computed from high-resolution T 1 -weighted images, has been recently applied to the neuroimaging evaluation of the human brain. Indeed, white matter (WM) and cortical gray matter (GM) exhibit an inherent structural complexity that can be measured through the FD. In our study, we included 64 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 74.6 ± 6.9, education 7.9 ± 4.2years, 53% males) with SVD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and a control group of 24 healthy subjects (mean age ± standard deviation, 72.3 ± 4.4years, 50% males). With the aim of assessing whether the FD values of cerebral WM (WM FD) and cortical GM (GM FD) could be valuable structural predictors of cognitive performance in patients with SVD and MCI, we employed a machine learning strategy based on LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression applied on a set of standard and advanced neuroimaging features in a nested cross-validation (CV) loop. This approach was aimed at 1) choosing the best predictive models, able to reliably predict the individual neuropsychological scores sensitive to attention and executive dysfunctions (prominent features of subcortical vascular cognitive impairment) and 2) identifying a features ranking according to their importance in the model through the assessment of the out-of-sample error. For each neuropsychological test, using 1000 repetitions of LASSO regression and 5000 random permutations, we found that the statistically significant models were those for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores ( p - value=.039), Symbol Digit Modalities Test scores ( p -value=.039), and Trail Making Test Part A scores ( p -value=.025). Significant prediction of these scores was obtained using different sets of neuroimaging features in which the WM FD was the most frequently selected feature. In conclusion, we showed that a machine learning approach could be useful in SVD research field using standard and advanced neuroimaging features. Our study results raise the possibility that FD may represent a consistent feature in predicting cognitive decline in SVD that can complement standard imaging.
Essentialism as a form of resistance: an ethnography of gender dynamics in contemporary home births

ABSTRACT Feminist scholars have criticised the essentialist construction of femininity associated with ‘natural’ childbirth movements. Along these debates, planned midwife-attended home births stand as the typical representation of this counterculture. In this article, we present data from a multi-sited ethnography on Portuguese home births where we analyse how gender ideologies are reproduced and operationalised by families and home birth professionals. Our findings illustrate how home birth care and associated practices are configuring apparently contradicting gender ideologies. Essentialist perspectives, which conceive birth as an opportunity to reconnect with women's oppressed femininity, coexist with non-binary conceptions of gender, where masculinity and femininity are regarded as fluid forms of energy that everyone has in different degrees, and where men are potentially welcomed in the birth setting, either as fathers or as professionals. Given the androcentric references of modern obstetrics and the marginal position of home birth, we argue that essentialism was constructed as a form of resistance.