Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacteriological examination of some diluted disinfectants routinely used in the Specialist Hospital Yola, Nigeria

8cfu/ml. Amongst the 5 different disinfectants analyzed, Purit was found to be highly contaminated (30%), followed by Dettol (25%), Parazone (20%), Z-germicide (15%), Septol (10%). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the isolates were significantly higher than that of the control sensitive strains, but were lower than the values quoted by the manufacturers of these disinfectants. All the isolates showed variable sensitivity to antibiotics with each disinfectant showing sensitivity to at least four antibiotics tested in this study.
A Comparative Study of Family Environment and Counseling Needs among Females Gifted Students at Public Schools and King Abdullah II Schools for Excellence (KASE) in Jordan

The current study aimed at comparing family environment and counseling needs among females gifted students at public schools and King Abdullah II School for Excellence (KASE) in Ma'an city in Jordan to explore the most appropriate educational alternative. In order to achieve the study goals, a family environment and counseling needs scales were applied on a sample of (n=107) students. Results showed that students' evaluation for family environment at public schools and KASE was high, while gifted students' evaluation for counseling needs at public schools was moderate and KASE was low which reflects that KASE is more appropriate educational alternative for gifted and talented female students. Results also reported a reverse relationship between each of family environment and counseling needs in both cases, although rapprochement of prevailing family environment for all gifted students, finally, a group of recommendations was provided.
Assessment of Measurement of Children's Bone Age Ultrasonically with Sunlight BonAge

In this study we measured bone age ultrasonically with Sunlight BonAge (SBA) and report the results of comparisons with radiographs. The subjects were 37 children, who examined at the Pediatric Department of Dokkyo University Hospital, for whom it was thought necessary to measure bone age because of suspicions of body height and pubertal abnormalities. The measurements of bone age were made with SBA during examinations in the outpatient department. In addition, one experienced physician interpreted bone age by the Japanese standard TW2 method (RUS method) and the CASMAS from radiographs taken of their left hands. The results of SBA and TW2 (RUS), and SBA and CASMAS estimations correlated well (r=0.89, r=0.85). The inter-measurer error and inter-measurement error were 0.54 ± 0.36 yr and 0.51 ± 0.42 yr, respectively. SBA calculates bone maturity by an algorithm based on measurements of the width (distance) and speed of sound (SOS) in bones in the wrist. The results of this study show good correlations between the data obtained by SBA and both the RUS method and the CASMAS method. The SBA ultrasound-based skeletal development measurement device is non-invasive, quick and accurate at assessing the bone age of children aged 5 to 15 yr old.
Input Rates and User Preference for Three Small-Screen Input Methods: Standard Keyboard, Predictive Keyboard, and Handwriting

The purpose of this study was to compare three input methods (standard keyboard, predictive keyboard, and perfect handwriting recognition) considering user input rates and preferences. Six participants used all three input methods to enter both normal text and addresses. Participants indicated that they preferred to use the standard keyboard. The average input rate for handwriting was fastest, but also much more variable than the other methods. Despite its speed, participants generally found it difficult to write comfortably and legibly on the small (35times115 mm) display. The input rate for the standard keyboard was more than twice the input rate for the predictive keyboard. These results suggest that, for small devices, neither handwriting recognition nor predictive keyboards would effectively replace the standard keyboard layout. Even with perfect handwriting recognition, users seem to prefer tapping on a small standard keyboard unless the device's hardware design allows comfortable handwriting input.
Distributed hybrid quantum computing

There are numerous proposals for the physical realization of a quantum computer. However, distributed approaches, making use both of flying and stationary qubits, seem to constitute the most promising route towards a truly scalable device. Such systems guarantee extendibility, they incorporate the interface with communication applications and relax the physical realization of the device, allowing for defect tolerance. Flying qubits are included in the more general concept of a quantum bus, a mediating system which can be of higher dimension. Such a quantum bus can be used in the straightforward preparation of a standard multi-qubit resource enabling measurement based quantum computation, the cluster state. This constitutes the framework for the results presented in this thesis. We begin by investigating the effects of dissipation in the continuous variable bus scheme known as the qubus scheme. By considering loss in the bus as it mediates interactions between the stationary qubits, we obtain analytical results for the effective action of the induced quantum gate. We find that a particular two-qubit gate operates with high fidelity in the presence of moderate loss and give a simple iteration scheme to simplify the effects of loss on the qubits. We then attempt to reduce these effects by preparing the bus in more elaborate state, however no improvements are observed. We then apply the qubus scheme to the probabilistic generation of cluster states and develop an entangling gate working with high success probability. This allows us to produce cluster states far more efficiently than other proposals. Investigating new methods to analyze the performance of different generation strategies constitutes the second part of this set of results. We begin by making the large flow approximation, used in queuing theory, to obtain the optimal strategy in a regime with large resources. After what we take the other more familiar limit of single cluster growth and introduce absorbing Markov chains as a key mathematical tool. Finally we look at the transmission of composite quantum systems via a single higher dimensional bus. We provide generalized protocols and interactions guaranteeing a full transfer of the information from one composite system to another. These protocols can also serve information processing tasks, as useful logical operations can be applied to the data as it is transfered. We notice lastly that the qubus scheme constitutes a potential physical realization.
Comprehensive study of blunt injury abdomen in medical college, Chennai, India

Background: Abdomen is the third most common organ injured following extremities and head injury. CT scanning has increased the identification of injuries. The care of the trauma patient is demanding and requires dedication, diligence, and efficiency. To evaluate the type and frequency of injury of various intraabdominal organs in the blunt trauma of the abdomen.Methods: After a primary survey of these patients, brief history and complete physical assessment all the basic investigations were done. Skiagrams were taken routinely. Ultrasonogram (F.A.S.T SCAN) was done for all cases and a CT scan was done for selected cases.Results: Road traffic accident was the most common mode of injury accounting for 76% cases. 36% of the cases were in the third decade of their lives. Spleen was the most common injured organ accounting for 52% of the cases.Conclusions: Solid organs like spleen and liver were more commonly injured in blunt injury to abdomen than the other organs like mesentery, retroperitoneum, bladder etc.
Analysis of Error Management Strategies during Cardiac Surgery: Theoretical and Practical Implications

Preventing errors that threaten patient safety is a priority within all healthcare specialties. One approach is to increase the resiliency of healthcare systems by improving error management processes and by making systems more error tolerant. Research has shown that a key marker of surgical excellence is the ability of a surgical team to successfully manage errors and unexpected events during surgery. Proactively improving error management during surgery is difficult however because little is known about the cognitive mechanisms involved in error recovery or the situational factors that impact successful error management processes. This paper describes a systematic analysis of errors and error management processes during cardiovascular surgery. Results are used to develop a theoretical framework that captures the complexity of cognitive and situational factors involved in error management. The utility of this model in identifying areas within healthcare systems that can be redesigned to improve patient safety will be discussed.
Effects of wood polysaccharides on the stability of colloidal wood resin

Nous avons evalue les polysaccharides du bois au titre de leur aptitude a stabiliser la resine colloidale du bois face a une agregation induite par electrolyte. Dans le cas des polysaccharides liberes par les fibres de la pâte ecrue, nous avons observe qu'une fraction riche en O-acetyl-galactoglucomannanes et une fraction riche en galactanes etaient aptes a stabiliser la resine colloidale. Toutefois, aucune de ces fractions de polysaccharides n'agissait comme un stabilisateur aussi efficace de la resine du bois que les echantillons de toutes les substances dissoutes provenant d'une PTM ecrue. Dans le cas des polysaccharides specifiquement presents dans les echantillons d'eau de pâtes mecaniques blanchies au peroxyde, les galactoglucomannanes deacetyles assuraient la stabilisation de la resine. Les acides polygalacturoniques liberes par les fibres lors du blanchiment au peroxyde procuraient une certaine stabilite contre l'agregation de la resine du bois avec le NaCl, mais, par ailleurs, elles favorisaient l'agregation de pair avec le CaCl 2 .
Decompressive Craniotomy and Fast-Track Duraplasty in Acute Subdural Hematomas

Background: Traumatic subdural hematoma is one of the severe injuries to brain with high mortality rates. Dural opening is often associated with brain herniation against the dural edges due to associated edema that would lead to venous infarction. Aim: The objective of this study is to describe a technical note that would allow fast and effective closure of the dura after hematoma evacuation via duraplasty with analysis of the safety and competency of the technique. Subjects and Methods: The fast-track technique was implemented in 15 successive cases with acute subdural hematoma where the fascia lata flap was prepared and sutured to the planned dural incision before opening the dura, which allowed fast and effective closure of the dura before brain herniation. Subdural bridges were planned by using Gelfoam to prevent venous compression. Analysis of the technique effectiveness was performed by the operative detection of brain herniation, as well as clinical and radiological follow-up of patients. Results: All patients had a Glasgow coma score (GCS) below six before the operation. Mean time from trauma to surgery was five hours. The dura could be effectively closed with no brain herniation in all cases. Nine patients survived (60%), where five of them ended up in a vegetative state. Of these two recovered and three continued in a persistent vegetative state. The mortality rate was 40%. Post-operative infarction was detected in post-operative imaging of four patients. Conclusion: The fast-track duraplasty technique is fast and effective in prevention of brain herniation during surgery with favorable clinical outcome in comparison with the poor and severely deteriorated preoperative clinical presentation. More studies to evaluate the impact of the technique on the survival rate are warranted.
Integrating Topic, Sentiment, and Syntax for Modeling Online Reviews: A Topic Model Approach

Analyzing product online reviews has drawn much interest in the academic field. In this research, a new probabilistic topic model, called tag sentiment aspect models (TSA), is proposed on the basis of Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), which aims to reveal latent aspects and corresponding sentiment in a review simultaneously. Unlike other topic models which consider words in online reviews only, syntax tags are taken as visual information and, in this research, as a kind of widely used syntax information, part-of-speech (POS) tags are first reckoned. Specifically, POS tags are integrated into three versions of implementation in consideration of the fact that words with different POS tags might be utilized to express consumers' opinions. Also, the proposed TSA is one unsupervised approach and only a small number of positive and negative words are required to confine different priors for training. Finally, two big datasets regarding digital SLR and laptop are utilized to evaluate the performance of the proposed model in terms of sentiment classification and aspect extraction. Comparative experiments show that the new model can not only achieve promising results on sentiment classification but also leverage the performance on aspect extraction.
The rights of voluntary patients in hospital

The law in England and Wales regarding consent to treatment is of some complexity, but it remains true that hospital patients have two basic rights: to refuse treatment of any kind, and to leave hospital. Two hundred and seven teaching hospital in-patients were asked about their care, and what would happen if they exercised these rights. Informal psychiatric patients were the most likely to disagree with their treatment in hospital, while almost half of all patients did not know that they had the right to refuse it. Many anticipated coercive responses from staff. Patients in hospital should be better informed of their rights.
‘Knowing the Person Is Happy That You Were There’: The Spiritual Resources Staff in a Residential Aged Care Facility Use to Cope With Resident Deaths

Studies of nurses have demonstrated that chronic exposure to patient deaths can have detrimental personal and workplace effects. However, there is little research on staff experience of deaths in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). This research project aimed to examine this experience and to explore the inner support mechanisms utilised by staff. A qualitative methodology was used. Seventeen staff from one RACF were recruited and asked to describe their experiences in semi-structured interviews. While only one participant mentioned extrinsic religious practices as a support, all reported being substantially supported by intrinsic spiritual resources, such as meaning, hope, and relationships with others.
Association of vitamin D with insulin resistance in Argentine boys: A pilot study

Abstract Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with insulin resistance. The objectives of the study was to the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, and the association of vitamin D concentrations with age, Tanner stage, BMI and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR) in a group of healthy boys. Data were collected cross-sectionally at an amateur rugby club in the Buenos Aires suburbs in May, 2010. BMI, waist circumference, Tanner staging, blood pressure, and levels of glucose, lipids, and insulin were determined. 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was measured by radioimmunoassay. One hundred and sixteen boys aged 11.3 ± 2.4 y were examined; 19 (16.4%) and 40 (34.5%) boys were overweight and obese, respectively, per United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 52.2% of the children were at Tanner 1. Serum concentration of [25(OH)D] had a median value of 20 ng/mL (interquartile range 18–21 ng/mL). Sixty (52.6%) boys had insufficient [25(OH)D] ([25(OH)D > 20 but ≤ 30 ng/mL), and 54 (46.6%) had deficient levels ([25(OH)D] < 20 ng/mL). Univariate analyses indicated a negative significant association between [25(OH)D] and BMI (r −0.20, P = 0.03), waist circumference (r −0.23, P = 0.01), HOMA-IR (r −0.25, P = 0.007), and insulin (r −0.29, P = 0.002). Multiple regression analysis showed that [25(OH)D] concentration was significantly and inversely associated with HOMA-IR, (B = −0.8; p = 0.02) adjusted for Tanner and BMI (R2 = 0.35). This study demonstrated an inverse association between [25(OH)D] and HOMA-IR in healthy boys adjusted for pubertal development and BMI. It also showed a high prevalence of both [25(OH)D] deficiency and insufficiency. Further research is needed on the prospective association between vitamin D and the risk for type 2 diabetes.
Between pathogenesis and treatment of psoriasis : a search for discriminating markers and therapeutic applications

T-cells, keratinocytes, cytokines and chemokines are all involved in (psoriatic) inflammation supporting the initiation and perpetuation of psoriasis. In order to expand knowledge on this complex puzzle of the pathogenesis of psoriasis, the centre of interest of the present thesis was to study the dynamics of on the one hand, well-established psoriasis-associated markers of the T-cell and on the other hand, of a potential novel marker (CD26 / DPPIV) relevant to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. In particular these processes were studied during treatment with established and innovative anti-psoriatic therapies. In this thesis, evidence has been provided that (re)compartmentalization of T-cell subsets in response to immune targeted anti-psoriatic therapy tends to depend on the primary mode of action of the treatment in question. In the second place, targeting the more superficial located vasculature with vascular lasers in psoriasis, is likely to be of stronger importance in achieving clinical effect than targeting the deeper abnormal vasculature. Furthermore, in this thesis, CD26 / DPPIV was found to be upregulated on keratinocytes and T-cells in lesional psoriatic skin. In general, CD26 / DPPIV seems to represent a potential novel marker with respect to psoriatic key players but it remains to be determined whether or not its properties are directly involved in the immunologic psoriatic context and in line its specificity needs further elucidation. Therefore, additional pieces of the psoriatic puzzle need to fall into their places in order to reveal a comprehensive view on this disease.
Living-donor lobar lung transplantation

Living-donor lobar lung transplantation (LDLLT) has become an important life-saving option for patients with severe respiratory disorders, since it was developed by a group in the University of Southern California in 1993 and introduced in Japan in 1998 in order to address the current severe shortage of brain-dead donor organs. Although LDLLT candidates were basically limited to critically ill patients who would require hospitalization, the long-term use of steroids, and/or mechanical respiratory support prior to transplantation, LDLLT provided good post-transplant outcomes, comparable to brain-dead donor lung transplantation in the early and late phases. In Kyoto University, the 5- and 10-year survival rates after LDLLT were reported to be 79.0% and 64.6%, respectively. LDLLT should be performed under appropriate circumstances, considering the inherent risk to the living donor. In our transplant program, all living donors returned to their previous social lives without any major complications, and living-donor surgery was associated with a morbidity rate of <15%. Both functional and anatomical size matching were preoperatively performed between the living-donor lobar grafts and recipients. Precise size matching before surgery could provide a favorable pulmonary function and exercise capacity after LDLLT. Various transplant procedures have recently been developed in LDLLT in order to deal with the issue of graft size mismatching in recipients, and favorable post-transplant outcomes have been observed. Native upper lobe-sparing and/or right-to-left inverted transplantation have been performed for undersized grafts, while single-lobe transplantation has been employed with or without contralateral pneumonectomy and/or delayed chest closure for oversized grafts.
Evaluation of students′ perception in using electronic dental records

Introduction: The current study was initiated in order to evaluate the students′ perception of an electronic dental record (EDR). Materials and Methods: A digital based survey questionnaire was developed and validated for evaluating the EDR system. The questions covered the demographic data, addressed the perceptions of the students to the system and the extent of students′ satisfaction toward the system. Results: A total of 290 participated with a response rate of 48%. The results indicated that there was a presence of positive attitude among students toward the EDR system leading to an increase in the level of satisfaction with the system. There was a significant difference between the average satisfaction for male and female students for the benefit of male students, with an average satisfaction score of (4.09) compared to average satisfaction score of (3.74) for female students. Conclusion: The survey has noticed an increase in quality of patient care due to improved oversight of patient management and the ability to more efficiently monitor treatment outcomes. By providing a coordinated delivery of clinical services, the EDR system has been accepted as an enabling technology that allows users to pursue more advanced practices than would be possible with paper-based records.
Pharmacovigilance Knowledge and Perceptions Among Pharmacy, Medical and Nurse Students in University of Duhok

Objective: To assess pharmacy, medical and nurse students’ knowledge of and perceptions about pharmacovigilance and reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) at University of Duhok (UOD). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 1, 2017, through January 1, 2018 using a validated self-administered questionnaire delivered to a sample of 202 students at Colleges in UOD. Results: About 42% of students indicated that they had taken courses on the concept of pharmacovigilance during their current curriculum. The mean score for knowledge about pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting was 6.98. There was a significant difference in the mean scores for knowledge about pharmacovigilance across the Colleges. About 38.6% of the respondents believed that students are competent and capable of reporting ADRs during their clerkships. The majority (67.6%) of respondents perceived that students should be taught how to report ADRs. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that the majority of students in public universities have insufficient knowledge about pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting. Key words: Pharmacovigilance, Knowledge, Perception, Iraq.
Spinal Cord Stimulation in Chronic Pain: A Review of the Evidence

This review looks at the evidence for the effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation in various chronic pain states. Spinal cord stimulation can only be effective when appropriate dorsal column fibres in the spinal cord are preserved and able to be stimulated. Spinal cord stimulation has been shown to have little to offer for patients with some diagnoses. Although 50 to 60% of patients with failed back surgery syndrome obtain significant pain relief with this technique, the strength of the evidence available is insufficient to clearly advocate its use in all patients with this condition. Though limited in quantity and quality, better evidence exists for its use in neuropathic pain, complex regional pain syndrome, angina pectoris and critical limb ischaemia. There is a lack of high quality evidence relating to spinal cord stimulation due to difficulties in conducting randomized controlled trials in this area. Serious methodological problems are encountered in blinding, recruitment and assessment in nearly all published trials of spinal cord stimulation. Suggestions regarding appropriate methodologies for trials which would produce better quality evidence are summarized.