Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of the Weight- and Body-Related Shame and Guilt Scale (WEB–SG) in a Nonclinical Sample of Obese Individuals

In this article, we present the evaluation of the psychometric properties of a new self-report measure of Weight- and Body-Related Shame and Guilt (WEB–SG). The main purpose of the study was to measure shame and guilt feelings separately in obese individuals and investigate differing behavioral and emotional correlates of these emotions. Altogether, 331 obese participants completed the WEB–SG and other established self-report measures. A subset of the participants completed a 6-month follow-up. The WEB–SG proved to be internally consistent and temporally stable over a 6-month period. Regarding the factorial structure, a two-factor conceptualization was supported. The construct validity of the WEB–SG subscales was evidenced by a substantial overlap of common variance with related measures. The subscales Shame and Guilt showed differential correlation patterns to other scales. The WEB–SG is a brief, psychometrically sound measure for assessing body shame and guilt concerning weight control in obese individuals.
A High-Efficiency GaAs MMIC Power Amplifier for Multi-Standard System

This letter presents a high-performance fully integrated GaAs MMIC power amplifier (PA) fabricated in 0.15 μm pHEMT process. The MMIC PA is operating from 2-6.5 GHz, covering the band of the LTE, wifi and WiMAX. A flat small-signal gain of 25.5 dB is achieved by utilizing novel input matching networks. The large-signal measurement shows that the peak output power is above 31 dBm for the whole bandwidth with a power gain of 21 dB, while the corresponding power-added efficiency (PAE) is between 31.4%-51.5%. An adjacent channel leakage radio (ACLR) obtains -30 dBc at 25 dBm output power, tested with WCDMA and LTE signals, and reaches -45 dBc after digital pre-distortion (DPD). The circuit structure and design method are also suitable for GaN process to achieve higher power.
Autoimmune Disease Treatment with Stem Cell Transplantation

Autoimmune Diseases (ADs) are diseases in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys selfmolecules due to a disruption of immunologic tolerance to auto-reactive immune cells. The goals of treatments for ADs are to 1) reduce symptoms, 2) control the autoimmune process and 3) maintain the body’s ability to fight disease. Allogenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC) transplantation has been shown to be a relatively successful treatment for experimental ADs. Intra Bone Marrow-Bone Marrow Transplantation (IBM-BMT) has been proven to be a powerful strategy for allogeneic BMT due to the rapid hemopoietic recovery and the complete restoration of T cell functions even in donor-recipient combinations across MHC barriers. In this review, we summarize the ADs treatable with IBM-BMT.
Timed ammonia release for steers.

Slow and rapid ruminal ammonia release rates were simulated by intermittent urea feeding with steers fed winter range grass. Four 360-kg, ruminally-cannulated steers were fed 208 g prairie hay (2.56% crude protein) hourly with the following daily dietary supplements: (1) Urea provided continuously (C) at a rate of 3.5 g/hr for 24 hr; (2) urea provided moderately (M) at a rate of 14.2 g/hr for 6 hr (3) urea offered rapidly (R) as 85 g in 1 hr, or (4) no supplemental urea (O). Ruminal ammonia remained stable with treatments C and O at 12.8 and 1.6 mg/dl, respectively. Treatments R and M peaked 1.5 and 6.5 hr after the start of urea feeding at 41.8 and 37.1 mg/dl, respectively. Nonammonia nitrogen concentrations in the rumen were increased by an average of 23% with urea supplementation. Dry matter digestibility was increased by 5% with addition of urea, regardless of the rate of urea administration. Daily nitrogen retentions were 12.4, 12.2, 11.4 and -7.1 g (P < .01) for C, M, R and O, respectively. Simulated slow ammonia release rates enhanced neither dry matter digestibility nor nitrogen retention. Metabolic use of ammonia in the rumen of steers fed forage was not improved by an attenuated release rate.
Physician workload and the Canadian Emergency Department Triage and Acuity Scale: the Predictors of Workload in the Emergency Room (POWER) Study.

INTRODUCTION The Canadian Emergency Department Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS) is a 5-level triage tool used to determine the priority by which patients should be treated in Canadian emergency departments (EDs). To determine emergency physician (EP) workload and staffing needs, many hospitals in Ontario use a case-mix formula based solely on patient volume at each triage level. The purpose of our study was to describe the distribution of EP time by activity during a shift in order to estimate the amount of time required by an EP to assess and treat patients in each triage category and to determine the variability in the distribution of CTAS scoring between hospital sites. METHODS Research assistants directly observed EPs for 592 shifts and electronically recorded their activities on a moment-by-moment basis. The duration of all activities associated with a given patient were summed to derive a directly observed estimate of the amount of EP time required to treat the patient. RESULTS We observed treatment times for 11 716 patients in 11 hospital-based EDs. The mean time for physicians to treat patients was 73.6 minutes (95% confidence interval [CI] 63.6-83.7) for CTAS level 1, 38.9 minutes (95% CI 36.0-41.8) for CTAS-2, 26.3 minutes (95% CI 25.4-27.2) for CTAS-3, 15.0 minutes (95% CI 14.6-15.4) for CTAS-4 and 10.9 minutes (95% CI 10.1-11.6) for CTAS-5. Physician time related to patient care activities accounted for 84.2% of physicians' ED shifts. CONCLUSION In our study, EPs had very limited downtime. There was significant variability in the distribution of CTAS scores between sites and also marked variation in EP time related to each triage category. This brings into question the appropriateness of using CTAS alone to determine physician staffing levels in EDs.
Evaluation of antidiabetic activity of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles using Pouteria sapota in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats

Medicinal plants and green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have proven to be good sources of agents effective in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The present study focused on the green synthesis of AgNPs from the aqueous leaf extract of Pouteria sapota in order to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic properties of this extract and the synthesized AgNPs.
Neuroleptic Prescription Pattern for Delirium in Patients with Advanced Cancer

Background: Neuroleptics are frequently used by palliative care specialists to treat delirium. In this study, we determined the median daily neuroleptic dose and prescription pattern in a cohort of unselected advanced cancer in-patients with delirium. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 100 consecutive patients admitted to our acute palliative care unit with delirium for demographics, delirium characteristics, and neuroleptic use during the first five days of delirium. The dose of neuroleptics was expressed using the concept of haloperidol equivalent daily dose (HEDD). Results: The median delirium duration was six days, and the median Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale on day 1 was 13/30. Subtypes of delirium in cluded hypoactive (31 percent), mixed (59 percent), and hyperactive (10 percent). Haloperidol, olanzapine, and chlorpromazine were given to 94 (94 percent), 8 (8 percent), and 5 (5 percent) of patients, respectively. The median five-day average HEDD was 3.2 mg (interquartile range 1.5–6.0 mg). HEDD was not associated with any clinical characteristics except delirium subtype. Among the 31 occasions in which ≥3 breakthrough doses were given in a day, only 9 (29 percent) resulted in an increase in the scheduled neuroleptic dose, and 1 (3 percent) resulted in the addition of a new neuroleptic the next day. Among the 73 patients with ≥4 days of delirium, only 49 (67 percent) had an increase in the neuroleptic dose, and 2 (3 percent) had a new neuroleptic added. Conclusion: HEDD was lower than doses reported in previous studies involving cancer patients and was adjusted sparingly. Prospective clinical trials are necessary to identify the optimal neuroleptic dose for delirium.
Genotype 1 and Genotype 2 Bovine Noroviruses Are Antigenically Distinct but Share a Cross-Reactive Epitope with Human Noroviruses

ABSTRACT The bovine enteric caliciviruses Bo/Jena/1980/DE and Bo/Newbury2/1976/UK represent two distinct genotypes within a new genogroup, genogroup III, in the genus Norovirus of the family Caliciviridae. In the present study, the antigenic relatedness of these two genotypes was determined for the first time to enable the development of tests to detect and differentiate between both genotypes. Two approaches were used. First, cross-reactivity was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) and convalescent-phase sera from calves infected with either Jena (genotype 1) or Newbury2 (genotype 2). Second, cross-reactivity was examined between the two genotypes with a monoclonal antibody, CM39, derived using Jena VLPs. The two genotypes, Jena and Newbury2, were antigenically distinct with little or no cross-reactivity by ELISA to the heterologous VLPs using convalescent calf sera that had homologous immunoglobulin G titers of log10 3.1 to 3.3. CM39 reacted with both Jena and heterologous Newbury2 VLPs. The CM39 epitope was mapped to nine amino acids (31PTAGAQIAA39) in the Jena capsid protein, which was not fully conserved for Newbury2 (31PTAGAPVAA39). Molecular modeling showed that the CM39 epitope was located within the NH2-terminal arm inside the virus capsid. Surprisingly, CM39 also reacted with VLPs from two genogroup II/3 human noroviruses by ELISA and Western blotting. Thus, although the bovine noroviruses Jena and Newbury2 corresponded to two distinct antigenic types or serotypes, they shared at least one cross-reactive epitope. These findings have relevance for epidemiological studies to determine the prevalence of bovine norovirus serotypes and to develop vaccines to bovine noroviruses.
Effects of Omega‐3 Fatty Acids on Cardiovascular Disease: Summary

and full article screening. All abstracts identified through the literature search were screened using eligibility criteria developed in conjunction with the TEP. We included all English language original experimental or observational studies that evaluated any potential source of omega-3 fatty acids in at least five human subjects regardless of the study outcomes reported in the abstract. In addition, we excluded abstracts that clearly included only subjects who had a non-CVD-related condition (e.g., cancer, schizophrenia, or organ transplant). Reports published only as letters or as abstracts in proceedings were also excluded. All abstracts were categorized to one or more of the key questions or as rejects. Articles that passed the abstract screening process were retrieved and the full articles were screened for eligibility. We accepted randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or prospective cohort studies with a minimum of 1-year followup to address CVD outcome questions. We also accepted case-control studies and cross-sectional studies that assessed the prevalence of CVD in populations with varying levels of omega-3 fatty acid consumption. Selection of studies for adverse events and drug interactions. Human studies that were analyzed for clinical outcomes (for this report) or for risk factors (for the accompanying report, Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Intermediate Markers of Cardiovascular Disease) were reviewed for data on adverse events and drug interactions. We looked for studies that evaluated potential interactions between omega-3 fatty acid supplements and commonly used drugs, including but not limited to hormone replacement therapy, diabetes medications, aspirin, and anticoagulants. In the studies that reported serious adverse events such as clinical bleeding, we note the concurrent medications that the subjects were taking. Data extraction process. From each qualified study, we extracted information about the study design, population demographics, the intervention of exposure, and outcomes. For randomized controlled trials, we extracted information about randomization and blinding status to assess methodological quality. For prospective cohort studies, we extracted data on the estimates of various levels of fish or fish oil consumption and the associated effect.
Drosophila Mitochondrial Transcription Factor B1 Modulates Mitochondrial Translation but Not Transcription or DNA Copy Number in Schneider Cells*

We report the cloning and molecular analysis of Drosophila mitochondrial transcription factor (d-mtTF) B1. An RNA interference (RNAi) construct was designed that reduces expression of d-mtTFB1 to 5% of its normal level in Schneider cells. In striking contrast with our previous study on d-mtTFB2, we found that RNAi knock-down of d-mtTFB1 does not change the abundance of specific mitochondrial RNA transcripts, nor does it affect the copy number of mitochondrial DNA. In a corollary manner, overexpression of d-mtTFB1 did not increase either the abundance of mitochondrial RNA transcripts or mitochondrial DNA copy number. Our data suggest that, unlike d-mtTFB2, d-mtTFB1 does not have a critical role in either transcription or regulation of the copy number of mitochondrial DNA. Instead, because we found that RNAi knockdown of d-mtTFB1 reduces mitochondrial protein synthesis, we propose that it serves its primary role in modulating translation. Our work represents the first study to document the role of mtTFB1 in vivo and establishes clearly functional differences between mtTFB1 and mtTFB2.
Gene transfer with IL‐4 and IL‐13 improves survival in lethal endotoxemia in the mouse and ameliorates peritoneal macrophages immune competence

Systemic anti‐cytokine therapies have been unsuccessful in preventing mortality from gram‐negative bacteremia in humans partly because of the failure to neutralize pro‐inflammatory cytokines at sites of exaggerated production. In an attempt to deliver anti‐inflammatory cytokines to organs directly, gene transfer was employed. Thirty‐six BALB/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with cationic liposomes containing plasmids encoding the human interleukin‐4 (hIL‐4) or IL‐13 gene. Both, hIL‐4 and hIL‐13 mRNA were detected by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction analysis in the liver and the spleen of the animals. Fourty‐eight hours after the in vivo gene transfer, these 36 mice and 18 mock‐transfected mice, were challenged with a lethal dose of E. coli lipopolysaccharide with D‐galactosamine (D‐GalN). Gene transfer with hIL‐4 reduced the serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α production in response to endotoxin/D‐GalN by 80 % from 113.1 pg/ml in mock‐transfected animals to 22.2 pg/ml ( p < 0.05); human IL‐13 gene transfer reduced serum TNF‐α levels by 90 % (113.1 pg/ml to 11.6 pg/ml; p < 0.05). Survival was improved from 20 % to over 83 % in both treatment groups ( p < 0.001). Our data demonstrate a potent in vivo anti‐inflammatory action of both IL‐4 and IL‐13. In addition, the immune functions of peritoneal macrophages are significantly ameliorated in both treatment groups, with IL‐13 demonstrating better macrophage immune modulation than IL‐4 ( p < 0.05).
The Acute Effects of a Warm-Up Including Static or Dynamic Stretching on Countermovement Jump Height, Reaction Time, and Flexibility

Perrier, ET, Pavol, MJ, and Hoffman, MA. The acute effects of a warm-up including static or dynamic stretching on countermovement jump height, reaction time, and flexibility. J Strength Cond Res 25(7): 1925-1931, 2011—The purpose of this research was to compare the effects of a warm-up with static vs. dynamic stretching on countermovement jump (CMJ) height, reaction time, and low-back and hamstring flexibility and to determine whether any observed performance deficits would persist throughout a series of CMJs. Twenty-one recreationally active men (24.4 ± 4.5 years) completed 3 data collection sessions. Each session included a 5-minute treadmill jog followed by 1 of the stretch treatments: no stretching (NS), static stretching (SS), or dynamic stretching (DS). After the jog and stretch treatment, the participant performed a sit-and-reach test. Next, the participant completed a series of 10 maximal-effort CMJs, during which he was asked to jump as quickly as possible after seeing a visual stimulus (light). The CMJ height and reaction time were determined from measured ground reaction forces. A treatment × jump repeated-measures analysis of variance for CMJ height revealed a significant main effect of treatment (p = 0.004). The CMJ height was greater for DS (43.0 cm) than for NS (41.4 cm) and SS (41.9 cm) and was not less for SS than for NS. Analysis also revealed a significant main effect of jump (p = 0.005) on CMJ height: Jump height decreased from the early to the late jumps. The analysis of reaction time showed no significant effect of treatment. Treatment had a main effect (p < 0.001) on flexibility, however. Flexibility was greater after both SS and DS compared to after NS, with no difference in flexibility between SS and DS. Athletes in sports requiring lower-extremity power should use DS techniques in warm-up to enhance flexibility while improving performance.
Role of the STAT1 pathway in apoptosis induced by fludarabine and JAK kinase inhibitors in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins comprise a family of transcription factors that have been implicated in tumoral transformation, especially in hematological malignancies. Because of this, the JAK/STAT pathway is attractive as a therapeutic target in these tumors. In the present study, we analyzed the ability of fludarabine and two JAK kinase inhibitors, AG490 and WHI-P131, to block STAT1 activation and induce apoptosis on B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells. All drugs were able to induce a high percentage of apoptosis on B-CLL cells from all patients studied. However, only AG490 and WHI-P131 were able to strongly suppress the STAT1 activation of B-CLL cells. In conclusion, our data show that JAK kinase inhibitors, such as AG490 and WHI-P131 are able to inhibit the STAT1 pathway on B-CLL cells and are strong inductors of apoptosis on these cells.
Engineering of a Stable Whole-Cell Biocatalyst Capable of (S)-Styrene Oxide Formation for Continuous Two-Liquid-Phase Applications

ABSTRACT Recombinant strains of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 carrying genetic expression cassettes with xylene oxygenase- and styrene monooxygenase-encoding genes on their chromosomes could be induced in shaking-flask experiments to specific activities that rivaled those of multicopy-plasmid-based Escherichia colirecombinants. Such strains maintained the introduced styrene oxidation activity in continuous two-liquid-phase cultures for at least 100 generations, although at a lower level than in the shaking-flask experiments. The data suggest that placement of target genes on the chromosome might be a suitable route for the construction of segregationally stable and highly active whole-cell biocatalysts.
Note on the germination of Vochysia tucanorum seeds treated with growth regulators

(Note on the germination of Vochysia tucanorum seeds treated with growth regulators). The aim of this work was to evaluate the germination response of Vochysia tucanorum Mart. seeds treated with GA3 and CEPA and germinated under white light or darkness. Newly collected seeds from a Cerrado area were stored for 14 days at two temperatures (25 °C ± 2 and 7 °C ± 1). After the storage period the seeds were pre-treated with distilled water (control), gibberellic acid (GA3), 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA) and a mixture of GA3 + CEPA. Following this, the seeds were sown in Petri dishes on filter paper moistened with distilled water and germinated in either darkness or white light. The results suggest that seeds are non-photoblastic and non-dormant, however a photoblastic behavior emerges when the seeds were previously stored at low temperature and imbibed in CEPA and GA3 solutions. In general, there is no difference between the 7 °C and 25 °C storage temperatures. The germination of seeds pre-treated with CEPA and CEPA + GA3 under white light was faster as compared to the distilled water control, and the effect of the CEPA + GA3 mixture was more pronounced than CEPA alone. Thus, the germination rate of V. tucanorum seeds can be improved by treatment with CEPA or CEPA + GA3 under white light.
Facilitating Natural Conversational Agent Interactions: Lessons from a Deception Experiment

This study reports the results of a laboratory experiment exploring interactions between humans and a conversational agent. Using the ChatScript language, we created a chat bot that asked participants to describe a series of images. The two objectives of this study were (1) to analyze the impact of dynamic responses on participants’ perceptions of the conversational agent, and (2) to explore behavioral changes in interactions with the chat bot (i.e. response latency and pauses) when participants engaged in deception. We discovered that a chat bot that provides adaptive responses based on the participant’s input dramatically increases the perceived humanness and engagement of the conversational agent. Deceivers interacting with a dynamic chat bot exhibited consistent response latencies and pause lengths while deceivers with a static chat bot exhibited longer response latencies and pause lengths. These results give new insights on social interactions with computer agents during truthful and deceptive interactions.
The Opening "Black Box" between Conflict and Knowledge Sharing: A Psychological Engagement Theory Perspective

Previous research indicated that task conflict benefits knowledge sharing within organization, whereas relationship conflict damages it. However, little is known about the underlying psychological process by which task and relationship conflicts have distinct effects on knowledge sharing. In this study, we aim to open the "black box" in the relationship between conflict and knowledge sharing. This paper presents a mediational model of knowledge sharing and tests how three psychological states (psychological meaningfulness, availability, and safety) and knowledge workers' engagement mediate the effects of two types of conflict on knowledge sharing. Results of a study of 144 knowledge workers showed that task conflicts have positive effects on three psychological states, while relationship conflicts have negative effects. Furthermore, three psychological states affected workers' engagement and knowledge sharing behaviors. The results supported an integrative perspective on how workers' psychological processes affected workers' knowledge sharing behavior in different conflict contexts.