Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genotypic Variability in Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Water Use Efficiency Among Recombinant Inbred Lines of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)

To evaluate genotypic variability in carbon isotope discrimination or CID and water use efficiency or WUE, recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) was used. Seventy eight sunflower RILs were grown in greenhouse and 100 sunflower RILs were grown under field condition, and measured some morphological and physiological traits including leaf area at flowering (LAf), net CO2 assimilation rate ( A ) and transpiration per day at flowering (Ef). WUE, called “potential” WUE (WUEp), was calculated as the ratio of assimilation potential (Ap) to transpiration per day at flowering (Ef) where Ap was derived from the multiplication of A with LAf. The CID was significantly varied among RILs and there was significant negative genetic correlation between CID and WUEp. Heritability of the CID was higher rather than the WUEp which reflected wide genetic variability of CID. The genetic correlation between CID and WUEp and the wide genotypic variability of CID indicated that CID can be proposed as an indicator to determine WUE in sunflower and open a way in understanding the genetic diversity of the RILs which could be used as a basic consideration before applying selection program in sunflower breeding.
Light-intensity-dependent regulatory mechanisms in protection of Photosystem I in Arabidopsis

the plants’ growth and development but also nearly all heterotrophic life on Arabidopsis thaliana 6 31163471_Vaitoskirja_Sanna_Rantala_Luonnontieteiden_ja_tekniikan_tdk_sisus_B5_0307_2. indd 4 3.7. 2019 10.16
HYDRATED CHIA SEED EFFECT ON WHEAT FLOUR AND BREAD TECHNOLOGICAL QUALITY

Commercial wheat flour was blended with hydrated white and brown chia seeds. Changes in chemical composition was described by common analytical proves, and rheological properties of non-fermented as well as leavened dough was completely evaluated (by extensigraph and maturograph, respectively). Leavened bread and biscuits were prepared in a laboratory scale. Both chia type softly increased protein content and reversely their quality. Due to low amounts added, changes in dough viscoelastic properties were small. Consumer quality worsening of both tested products was also of low significance, but fibre content was increased about 50% compared to control.
Minimally modified theories of gravity: a playground for testing the uniqueness of general relativity

In a recent paper [1], it was introduced a new class of gravitational theories with two local degrees of freedom. The existence of these theories apparently challenges the distinctive role of general relativity as the unique non-linear theory of massless spin-2 particles. Here we perform a comprehensive analysis of these theories with the aim of (i) understanding whether or not these are actually equivalent to general relativity, and (ii) finding the root of the variance in case these are not. We have found that a broad set of seemingly different theories actually pass all the possible tests of equivalence to general relativity (in vacuum) that we were able to devise, including the analysis of scattering amplitudes using on-shell techniques. These results are complemented with the observation that the only examples which are manifestly not equivalent to general relativity either do not contain gravitons in their spectrum, or are not guaranteed to include only two local degrees of freedom once radiative corrections are taken into account. Coupling to matter is also considered: we show that coupling these theories to matter in a consistent way is not as straightforward as one could expect. Minimal coupling, as well as the most straightforward non-minimal couplings, cannot be used. Therefore, before being able to address any issues in the presence of matter, it would be necessary to find a consistent (and in any case rather peculiar) coupling scheme.
Low‐frequency continuous tremor around the Moho discontinuity away from volcanoes in the southwest Japan

Recent enhancement of seismic networks in the Japan Islands revealed occurrence of low‐frequency continuous tremors of a beltlike distribution in the southwest Japan, where the subducting Philippine Sea plate reaches depths of 30–40 km. Source depth of the tremor is estimated by selecting tremor segments with relatively clear P‐wave onsets. The source region of the tremor is assumed to correspond to lowermost parts of crust close to a triple boundary of the crust, mantle wedge, and the subducting slab. The long duration of the phenomenon indicates existence of fluid relating to the generation of the tremor. The most probable fluid is considered to be water produced by dehydration process of chlorite and amphibole in the slab on the basis of data from high pressure and temperature experiments. The northern border of the beltlike distribution is possibly rimmed by the edge of the mantle wedge because serpentine formation absorbs fluid water.
Evaluation of prognostic value of Fernandez scoring system on the management of ectopic pregnancy in the emergency room at Suez Canal University Hospitals, Egypt

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in reproductive-aged women, accounting for 9% of pregnancy-related deaths in the first trimester. Clinical prediction tools have been developed to aid management decision making. Fernandez et al “1991” developed a score based on gestational age, β-hCG level, progesterone level, abdominal pain, hemo-peritoneum volume, and hematosalpinx diameter. A score of less than 12 predicts more than 80% success with expectant or nonsurgical management. Aim of the study was to improve the outcome of patients with ectopic pregnancy attending the emergency room at Suez Canal University hospitals, Egypt. Methods: This is a descriptive (cross-sectional) study conducted on 62 patients diagnosed to have ectopic pregnancy in the emergency department in Suez Canal University Hospital. The patients were subjected to full assessment including full history, examination, investigation and Fernandez score. These data were collected in a questionnaire, interpretted using SPSS program and the score was calculated. Results: The study revealed that 48.8% of the patients were in the age group between 31-40 years. It was found that in 61 patients (98%) the decision matched using Fernandez score and experts’s opinion while only one patient was given a different decision. Using Fernandez score, 40 patients had results less than 12 which guided to conservative management and 22 patients had a score more than 12 which guided to operative management. Conclusions: It was found that Fernandez score has 100% sensitivity and 95.2% specificity.
Regional Differences in School Psychology Practice

Abstract Practicing school psychologists were surveyed to determine if differences exist among practitioners in the various U.S. Census regions. The survey was completed by 1,056 practicing school psychologists representing all nine regions of the United States. Variability among the regions was noted for variables of (a) demographic characteristics, (b) current and preferred roles, (c) job satisfaction, (d) assessment practices, and (e) system reform beliefs and attitudes. The findings are discussed in the context of recent legislative changes and are compared to findings from previous national surveys of practicing school psychologists. Implications for future research and practice are also provided.
Topoclimatic conditions in the vicinity of the Arctowski Station ( King George Island , Antarctica ) during the summer season of 2006 / 2007

This paper describes the spatial differentiation of topoclimatic conditions in the vicinity of the Arctowski Station (King George Island, Antarctica) during the summer sea− son of the 2006/2007. The measurement stations were located in the Point Thomas oasis as well as on the Ecology Glacier and Warszawa Icefield. The paper analyses meteorological elements such as air temperature, air humidity (eight sites) and wind direction and velocity (three sites). Significant topoclimatic diversities resulting from denivelation, exposure, ground properties and local air circulation were recorded in the study area.
The Influence of Didymosphenia geminate on Fisheries Resources in Rapid Creek, South Dakota – An Eight Year History

The aquatic nuisance diatom Didymosphenia geminata was established in Rapid Creek in the Black Hills of South Dakota in 2002. Shortly thereafter, large declines (>50%) of the naturalized brown trout Salmo trutta population were observed. We evaluated the influence of water resources and D. geminata on (1) declines in brown trout biomass, (2) changes in food resources, and (3) diet of brown trout in Black Hills streams. Drought conditions were largely responsible for trout declines in Black Hills streams. However, comparison of brown trout sizestructure between the pre-D. geminata and post-D. geminata periods revealed that juvenile brown trout abundance increased while adult abundance decreased in Rapid Creek. Changes in food resources in D. geminata-impacted areas were thought to favor juvenile brown trout and negatively impact adults. In the presence of D. geminata, macroinvertebrate abundance was composed of fewer, larger taxa and higher numbers of smaller taxa (i.e., chironomids). Brown trout in Rapid Creek consumed fewer ephemeropterans and a high amount of dipterans. Nonetheless, diet analysis showed that brown trout in Rapid Creek consumed as much or more prey than trout from two other streams unaffected by D. geminata. Moreover, relative weight of brown trout from Rapid Creek was high (>100), implying that food availability was not limiting. These findings imply that D. geminata did not negatively impact feeding and condition of brown trout in Rapid Creek, although mechanisms affecting size-structure in Rapid Creek remain
Aerosol measurement methods to quantify spore emissions from fungi and cryptogamic covers in the Amazon

Abstract. Bioaerosols are considered to play a relevant role in atmospheric processes, but their sources, properties, and spatiotemporal distribution in the atmosphere are not yet well characterized. In the Amazon Basin, primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) account for a large fraction of coarse particulate matter, and fungal spores are among the most abundant PBAPs in this area as well as in other vegetated continental regions. Furthermore, PBAPs could also be important ice nuclei in Amazonia. Measurement data on the release of fungal spores under natural conditions, however, are sparse. Here we present an experimental approach to analyze and quantify the spore release from fungi and other spore-producing organisms under natural and laboratory conditions. For measurements under natural conditions, the samples were kept in their natural environment and a setup was developed to estimate the spore release numbers and sizes as well as the microclimatic factors temperature and air humidity in parallel to the mesoclimatic parameters net radiation, rain, and fog occurrence. For experiments in the laboratory, we developed a cuvette to assess the particle size and number of newly released fungal spores under controlled conditions, simultaneously measuring temperature and relative humidity inside the cuvette. Both approaches were combined with bioaerosol sampling techniques to characterize the released particles using microscopic methods. For fruiting bodies of the basidiomycetous species, Rigidoporus microporus, the model species for which these techniques were tested, the highest frequency of spore release occurred in the range from 62 % to 96 % relative humidity. The results obtained for this model species reveal characteristic spore release patterns linked to environmental or experimental conditions, indicating that the moisture status of the sample may be a regulating factor, whereas temperature and light seem to play a minor role for this species. The presented approach enables systematic studies aimed at the quantification and validation of spore emission rates and inventories, which can be applied to a regional mapping of cryptogamic organisms under given environmental conditions.
Single-molecule FRET investigation of SNARE-mediated exocytosis regulation

iv CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 1 SNAREs and Membrane Fusion . 1 Structure of the SNARE Complex . 3 Complexin . 4 BoNT A and E . 6 Nanodisc . 8 Single-Molecular Fluorescence (Förster) Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET) . 8 References . 10 Figures with Titles and Legends . 17 CHAPTER 2: COMPLEXIN SPLITS THE MEMBRANE-PROXIMAL REGION OF A SINGLE SNAREPIN . 26 Abstract . 26 Introduction . 27 Materials and Methods . 28 Results . 33 Discussion . 36 Author Contributions . 38 Acknowledgements . 38 References . 38 Figures with Titles and Legends . 41 CHAPTER 3: BOTULINUM TOXINS A AND E INFLICT DYNAMIC DESTABILIZATION ON T-SNARE TO IMPAIR SNARE ASSEMBLY AND MEMBRANE FUSION. 45 Abstract . 45 Introduction . 46 Results . 48 Discussion . 57 Author Contributions . 60 Acknowledgements . 60 References . 61 Experimental Model and Subject Details . 64
' s personal copy Inequality aversion and voting on redistribution

Some people have a concern for a fair distribution of incomes while others do not. Does such a concern matter for majority voting on redistribution? Fairness preferences are relevant for redistribution outcomes only if fair-minded voters are pivotal. Pivotality, in turn, depends on the structure of income classes. We experimentally study voting on redistribution between two income classes and show that the effect of inequality aversion is asymmetric. Inequality aversion is more likely to matter if the ‘‘rich’’ are in majority. With a ‘‘poor’’ majority, we find that redistribution outcomes look as if all voters were exclusively motivated by self-interest. & 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Time evolution of MX-80 bentonite geochemistry under thermo-hydraulic gradients

Abstract Two 20-cm long columns of MX-80 bentonite compacted at a nominal dry density of 1.7 g/cm3 with a water content of 17% were tested in thermo-hydraulic (TH) cells with the aim of simulating the conditions of a sealing material in a nuclear waste repository. On top of the columns a hydration surface simulated the host rock supplying groundwater and at the bottom a heater simulated the waste canister. The tests comprised two phases: a heating phase and a ‘heating + hydration’ phase. The temperatures at the ends of the columns were set during the last phase to 30°C at the top and 140°C at the bottom, respectively. The thermo-hydraulic treatment resulted in major changes along the bentonite columns. These changes led to significant gradients along the column with respect to the physical state (water content, dry density) and geochemistry of the bentonite. Smectite dissolution processes occurred. As a result, colloids were probably produced, particularly in the more hydrated areas. In the warmest part of the columns precipitation of carbonates took place, caused by their solubility decrease with temperature and the evaporation. The increase in water content reduced the ionic strength of the pore water in the more hydrated areas where species such as gypsum were dissolved. The solubilized ions were transported towards the bottom of the columns; Na+, Ca+, Mg2+ and SO42− moved at a similar rate and K+ and Cl− moved farther. These solubilized ions precipitated in the form of salts farther away along the columns as the test was longer. The TH treatment implied the loss of exchangeable positions in the smectite, particularly towards the heater. The cation exchange complex was also modified.
THE BARYONIC TULLY–FISHER RELATIONSHIP FOR S4G GALAXIES AND THE “CONDENSED” BARYON FRACTION OF GALAXIES

We combine data from the Spitzer Survey for Stellar Structure in Galaxies, a recently calibrated empirical stellar mass estimator from Eskew et al., and an extensive database of H i spectral line profiles to examine the baryonic Tully–Fisher (BTF) relation. We find (1) that the BTF has lower scatter than the classic Tully–Fisher (TF) relation and is better described as a linear relationship, confirming similar previous results, (2) that the inclusion of a radial scale in the BTF decreases the scatter but only modestly, as seen previously for the TF relation, and (3) that the slope of the BTF, which we find to be 3.5 ± 0.2 (Δlog Mbaryon/Δlog vc), implies that on average a nearly constant fraction (∼0.4) of all baryons expected to be in a halo are “condensed” onto the central region of rotationally supported galaxies. The condensed baryon fraction, Mbaryon/Mtotal, is, to our measurement precision, nearly independent of galaxy circular velocity (our sample spans circular velocities, vc, between 60 and 250 km s−1, but is extended to vc ∼ 10 km s−1 using data from the literature). The observed galaxy-to-galaxy scatter in this fraction is generally ⩽ a factor of 2 despite fairly liberal selection criteria. These results imply that cooling and heating processes, such as cold versus hot accretion, mass loss due to stellar winds, and active galactic nucleus driven feedback, to the degree that they affect the global galactic properties involved in the BTF, are independent of halo mass for galaxies with 10 < vc < 250 km s−1 and typically introduce no more than a factor of two range in the resulting Mbaryon/Mtotal. Recent simulations by Aumer et al. of a small sample of disk galaxies are in excellent agreement with our data, suggesting that current simulations are capable of reproducing the global properties of individual disk galaxies. More detailed comparison to models using the BTF holds great promise, but awaits improved determinations of the stellar masses.
A continuation principle for forced oscillations on differentiable manifolds.

In the present paper we are concerned with the existence of Γ-periodic solutions for the differential equation x(t) = f(t, .x( r)), t e R, where / is a continuous time dependent Γ-periodic tangent vector field defined on an ^-dimensional differentiable manifold M possibly with boundary. We prove that if the Euler characteristic of the average vector field w(p) = (l/T)fίff(t,p)dt is defined and nonzero and if all the possible orbits of the parametrized equation x(t) = λf(ί,x(t)), /eR and λ £ (0,1], lie in a compact set and do not hit the boundary of M, then the given equation admits a Γ-periodic solution. 0. Introduction. Let M be an w-dimensional differentiable manifold, possibly with boundary, and let /: RxM->Γ(M) be a time dependent Γ-periodic tangent vector field on M. In this paper we give a topological result concerning the existence of Γ-periodic solutions for the differential equation
Nitrifying and denitrifying microbial communities and their relationship to nutrient fluxes and sediment geochemistry in the Derwent Estuary, Tasmania

Mineralisation, nitrification and denitrification in sediments are key processes that contribute to the removal of nitrogen from coastal waters. Together these processes are important in preventing the buildup of nitrogen, which can lead to eutrophication in estuarine systems. Spatial and temporal patterns in the composition of nitrifier (bacterial [AOB] and archaeal ammonia oxidizers [AOA]; amoA ), denitrifier ( nirS ) and total bacterial and archaeal (16S rRNA gene) communities in sediment from the Derwent Estuary in southeast Tasmania, Australia, were contrasted with key environmental parameters and benthic nutrient fluxes. Spatial and temporal factors were significant in terms of shaping microbial community composition. Organic matter composition (C:N isotope ratios, %N and %C) was significantly related to the abundance of the different microbial guilds. There was a significant correlation between both the sediment nitrogen content and carbon stable isotope ratio with community composition for total bacteria, AOA and denitrifiers. Sediment chlorophyll a was significantly associated with AOB composition and carbon isotope ratio was related to total archaeal community composition.
Consumer acceptability, physicochemical characteristics, and bioactive compounds of sweet potato roots subjected to osmotic dehydration

Sweet potato dehydration is a way of increasing shelf life, modifying and adding value to the final product. However, some of the compounds of nutritional interest may be lost during processing. Thus, this work evaluates dif­ferent dehydration treatments for sweet potato, and determines the best condition for a quality product. Two sweet potato genotypes (UGA 127 and UGA 34) were first subjected to osmotic dehydration using a 65% sucrose solu­tion or a 2% sodium chloride solution (NaCl), both for 5 hours, being compared with the control treatment. Subse­quently, the samples were oven dried at 65 °C for 6 hours. Sweet potatoes were analyzed for sensory character­istics (color, flavor, crispness, aroma, overall acceptability, and purchase intent), physicochemical characteristics (color, titratable acidity, soluble solids), bioactive compounds (β-carotene, phenolic, ascorbic acid), and antioxi­dant capacity. Potatoes dehydrated with 65% sucrose were well accepted by the tasters. The soluble solids con­tent and soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio were higher for sweet potatoes treated with 65% sucrose. Genotypes differed significantly for luminosity, and the highest average was found for UGA 127, indicating that potatoes pro­cessed from this root had a lighter coloration. The content of bioactive compounds varied as a function of the dif­ferent treatments and genotypes; in general, the highest levels were found in the control and 65% sucrose treat­ments. Genotype UGA 127 treated with 65% sucrose proved to be a good marketing alternative for small farmers.
Corporate Risk-Taking in Privatized Firms: International Evidence on the Role of State and Foreign Owners

Using a unique database of 190 newly privatized firms from 36 countries, we investigate the impact of shareholders’ identify on corporate risk-taking behavior. We find strong and robust evidence that state (foreign) ownership is negatively (positively) related to corporate risk-taking. Moreover, we find that these relations depend on the level of government extraction. Our results suggest that relinquishment of government control, openness to foreign investment, and improvement of country-level governance institutions are key factors in the success of privatization reform.
High Luminosity LHC Hollow Electron Lens Collimation using MERLIN

The high luminosity large hadron collider (HL LHC) upgrade envisions an unprecedented stored beam energy of up to 700 MJ. To protect the machine during operation, an efficient collimation system is vital. The hollow electron lens (HEL) is being explored as a possible collimation enhancer for the LHC, based on Tevatron designs and operational experience [1], for active halo control. A HEL produces a hollow cylindrical beam of electrons through which the accelerator (proton) beam travels, particles that overlap undergo an electromagnetic interaction. As they can operate close to the beam core without being damaged, HELs may serve as soft scraper devices [2]. For the first time a HEL in high luminosity configuration is simulated in the HL LHC using the recently updated MERLIN 5 accelerator libraries [3–5]. The effects on the LHC beam halo are observed for various HEL operation modes.