Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
esigning a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer revention and treatment

Targeted therapies and the consequent adoption of “personalized” oncology have achieved notable successes in some cancers; however, significant problems remain with this approach. Many targeted therapies are highly toxic, costs are extremely high, and most patients experience relapse after a few disease-free months. Relapses arise from genetic heterogeneity in tumors, which harbor therapy-resistant immortalized cells that have adopted alternate and compensatory pathways (i.e., pathways that are not reliant upon the same mechanisms as those which have been targeted). To address these limitations, an international task force of 180 scientists was assembled to explore the concept of a low-toxicity “broadspectrum” therapeutic approach that could simultaneously target many key pathways and mechanisms. Using cancer hallmark phenotypes and the tumor microenvironment to account for the various aspects of relevant cancer biology, interdisciplinary teams reviewed each hallmark area and nominated a wide range of high-priority targets (74 in total) that could be modified to improve patient outcomes. For these targets, corresponding low-toxicity therapeutic approaches were then suggested, many of which were phytochemicals. Proposed actions on each target and all of the approaches were further reviewed for known effects on other hallmark areas and the tumor microenvironment. Potential contrary or procarcinogenic effects were found for 3.9% of the relationships between targets and hallmarks, and mixed evidence of complementary and contrary relationships was found for 7.1%. Approximately 67% of the relationships revealed potentially complementary effects, and the remainder had no known relationship. Among the approaches, 1.1% had contrary, 2.8% had mixed and 62.1% had complementary relationships. These results suggest that a broad-spectrum approach should be feasible from a safety standpoint. This novel approach has potential to be relatively inexpensive, it should help us address stages and types of cancer that lack conventional treatment, and it may reduce relapse risks. A proposed agenda for future research is offered. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Zinc and amino acids on wheat-soybean intercropping under no-till management

Abstract Foliar fertilization with micronutrients and amino acids (AAs) has been used to increase the grain yield and quality of different crops. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Zn and AAs foliar application on physiological parameters, nutritional status, yield components and grain yield of wheat-soybean intercropping under a no-till management. We used a randomized block experimental design consisting of eight treatments and four replicates. The treatments were five Zn rates (0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 kg ha−1) and 2 L ha−1 of AAs and three additional treatments: a control (without the Zn or AA application), 2 kg ha−1 Zn and 2 kg ha−1 Zn + 1 L AA. The treatments were applied by spraying during the final elongation stage and at the beginning of pre-earing for the wheat and in growth stage V6 for the soybean for two crop years in a Typic Oxisol (860 g kg−1 clay). Zinc foliar fertilization increased the wheat grain Zn concentrations. The Zn rates and AA foliar fertilization in soil with did not affect the physiological parameters, nutrient status or yield components. The AA application at the different concentrations tested changed the soybean grain yield and the leaf N concentration. The results suggest that Zn and amino acids application increases the grains Zn concentration in the wheat, being an important strategy to agronomic biofortification.
Study the Influence of Gas Metal Arc Welding Parameters on the Weld Metal and Heat Affected Zone Microstructures of Low Carbon Steel

The Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ) is the region of base metal which has its microstructure altered by welding. Microstructural changes affect the composition of the weldment and need to be controlled since the weld failures are directly related to the microstructure of the Heat affected Zone. This paper is focused on the study of the Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) parameters on the Heat Affected and Weld metal Zone microstructures of industrial low carbon steel (0.20 % C). In order to achieve the aim of the paper, Scan Electron Microscope photos have been used at the Heat Affected and weld metal Zones, some phases are identified. Microstructural analyses of the experimental results of the welded joints confirmed that the welding parameters and heat input are affected the weldment structure in terms of the grain types and character of the structural phase. Keyword-GMAW, HAZ, WM, Wire feed rate, Microstructure.
Interface Engineering and Gate Dielectric Engineering for High Performance Ge MOSFETs

In recent years, germanium has attracted intensive interests for its promising applications in the microelectronics industry. However, to achieve high performance Ge channel devices, several critical issues still have to be addressed. Amongst them, a high quality gate stack, that is, a low defect interface layer and a dielectric layer, is of crucial importance. In this work, we first review the existing methods of interface engineering and gate dielectric engineering and then in more detail we discuss and compare three promising approaches (i.e., plasma postoxidation, high pressure oxidation, and ozone postoxidation). It has been confirmed that these approaches all can significantly improve the overall performance of the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) device.
Equation of state constraints for the cold dense matter inside neutron stars using the cooling tail method

The cooling phase of thermonuclear (type-I) X-ray bursts can be used to constrain the neutron star (NS) compactness by comparing the observed cooling tracks of bursts to accurate theoretical atmosphere model calculations. By applying the so-called cooling tail method, where the information from the whole cooling track is used, we constrain the mass, radius, and distance for three different NSs in low-mass X-ray binaries 4U 1702-429, 4U 1724-307, and SAX J1810.8-260. Care is taken to only use the hard state bursts where it is thought that only the NS surface alone is emitting. We then utilize a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm within a Bayesian framework to obtain a parameterized equation of state (EoS) of cold dense matter from our initial mass and radius constraints. This allows us to set limits on various nuclear parameters and to constrain an empirical pressure-density relation for the dense matter. Our predicted EoS results in NS radius between 10.5-12.8 km (95% confidence limits) for a mass of 1.4 $M_{\odot}$. Due to systematic errors and uncertainty in the composition these results should be interpreted as lower limits for the radius.
Talking about Horses: Control and Freedom in the World of "Natural Horsemanship"

This paper explores how horses are represented in the discourses of "natural horsemanship" (NH), an approach to training and handling horses that advocates see as better (kinder, more gentle) than traditional methods. In speaking about their horses, NH enthusiasts move between two registers: On one hand, they use a quasi-scientific narrative, relying on terms and ideas drawn from ethology, to explain the instinctive behavior of horses. Within this mode of narrative, the horse is "other" and must be understood through the human learning to communicate and through appropriate training. On the other hand, NH enthusiasts—like many horse owners—seek to emphasize partnership. In this type of discourse, people portray their horses as almost human. The tensions between these two ways of talking about horses reflect contradictory ideas about control versus freedom in relating to horses, especially as related to emotions expressed by caregivers (owners) about their relationships with horses.
Boldness and dispersal tendency of native and invasive pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus): is spatial sorting creating superior invaders?

The ability of non-native species to establish populations, expand their range, and ultimately affect native species is influenced by the behaviour and dispersal potential of individuals. Spatial sorting theory predicts that individuals with greater dispersal tendencies will accumulate at the invasion front and promote further territorial expansion. The theory predicts that the reproduction of such individuals at the front as a result of their proximity leads to selection for better dispersers. To test for evidence of this phenomenon in successful invasive populations, we compared boldness and dispersal tendency in one native North American and two invasive European populations of pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) reared in a common environment, with a second wild native population from a local water body added to the comparison. Tests were conducted in a 4-metre long artificial flume with a video capture system recording movement. Boldness was measured using the time it took an individual to emerge from a sheltered area, and dispersal tendency was assessed using a combination of movement metrics as the fish explored the flume. Contrary to expectations, native North American populations were bolder than invasive European populations, and there was no significant difference in dispersal tendency between native and invasive pumpkinseed. Females were bolder and showed greater dispersal tendency than males. Post-hoc analysis indicates that populations originating from lotic water bodies had significantly lower dispersal tendency than those from lentic water bodies regardless of native/invasive status, suggesting that habitat of origin may affect dispersal tendency.
Independent Directors and the Long-run Performance of IPOs

The Securities and Futures Bureau (SFB) of Taiwan prescribes that firms applying for an initial listing after February 2002 must have at least two seats of independent directors (IDs) on the board. Under the SFB 2002 rules, this paper investigates the effect of such governance reforms in ID requirement on the long-run performance of IPOs. Our results, based on 494 IPOs between 1999 and 2005, find that though IPOs typically underperform in the post-issue period, firms after 2002 perform better than those before 2002. Moreover, firms with IDs also experience less negative stock performance than those without IDs. The results further suggest a positive association between the proportion of IDs on corporate boards and post-listing stock performance for IPOs after 2002.
Using chemical structure and inocula characteristics to predictively model biodegradation rate

i Declaration . ii List of Tables . vii List of Figures . x Acknowledgements . xiv Chapter 1. General Introduction . 2 Chapter 2. Literature Review . 6 2.1 Human health and environmental implication of organic chemicals . 6 2.2 Fate of organic chemicals in the environment . 7 2.3 Chemical persistence and its assessment . 8 2.3.1 Biodegradation Kinetics . 10 2.4 Biodegradation, biodegradation tests and risk assessment . 12 2.4. 1 Limitations of OECD tests . 16 2.5 Predictive modelling, an alternative to biodegradation test. 17 2.5. 1 Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSARs) . 18 2.5. 2 Different Approaches for Modelling Biodegradation . 20 2.5. 3 Conditions for using QSAR results . 23 2.6 Biodegradation processes a ‘black box’ for ecological modelling programs . 25 2.6. 1 Microbial ecology in biodegradation testing. 25 2.6. 2 Role of catabolic genes in aerobic biodegradation of chemicals . 26 2.7 Research Gaps . 27 2.8 Aims and Objectives . 28 Chapter 3. A statistical modelling approach to predict biodegradation rates of aromatic chemicals. 30 3.1 Abstract . 30 3.2 Introduction . 30 3.3 Methods . 32 3.3.1 Chemical Selection and Molecular Descriptors Choice . 32 3.3.2 Endpoint for QSBR model. 32 3.3.3 Screening of Chemicals for QSBR model development . 33 3.3.4 Dataset Splitting . 33 3.3. 5 QSBR Model Development and Validation . 34 3.4 Result and Discussion . 37 3.4. 1 QSBR models . 37
Natural history and population data of fishes in caves of the Serra do Ramalho karst area, Middle São Francisco basin, northeastern Brazil

During the exploration and mapping of new caves in Serra do Ramalho karst area, southern Bahia state, cavers from the Grupo Bambui de Pesquisas Espeleologicas - GBPE (Belo Horizonte) noticed the presence of troglomorphic catfishes (species with reduced eyes and/or melanic pigmentation), which we intensively investigated with regards to their ecology and behavior since 2005. Non-troglomorphic fishes regularly found in the studied caves were included in this investigation. We present here data on the natural history of two troglobitic (exclusively subterranean troglomorphic species) fishes - Rhamdia enfurnada Bichuette & Trajano, 2005 (Heptapteridae; Gruna do Enfurnado) and Trichomycterus undescribed species (Trichomycteridae; Lapa dos Peixes and Gruna da Agua Clara), and non-troglomorphic Hoplias cf. malabaricus, probably a troglophile (able to form populations both in epigean and subterranean habitats) in the Gruna do Enfurnado, and Pimelodella sp. , a species with a sink population in the Lapa dos Peixes.
MONETARY VALUATION OF CASH FLOWS UNDER KNIGHTIAN UNCERTAINTY

The classical valuation of an uncertain cash flow in discrete time consists in taking the expectation of the sum of the discounted future payoffs under a fixed probability measure, which is assumed to be known. Here we discuss the valuation problem in the context of Knightian uncertainty. Using results from the theory of convex risk measures, but without assuming the existence of a global reference measure, we derive a robust representation of concave valuations with an infinite time horizon, which specifies the interplay between model uncertainty and uncertainty about the time value of money.
Bifurcation Makes a Wave Resonant Solid-State Gyro Be Stable

A golf ball having special dimples flies better than an analogous smoothed one. A surprise is that there is a range of Reynolds numbers for which the turbulent drag is somewhat less than that in the laminar case. Analogies always meet together and are accomplished themselves in the physics. We have traced an effect similar to the above mentioned in the area of solid mechanics when the nonlinear system passes through a sequence of bifurcations. In mechanical engineering, the role of such a system can play a solid-state wave gyro entering the family of MEMS/NEMS. It is known that a circular Foucault pendulum can serve as an angular sensor. Standing waves in a thin-walled elastic axisymmetric resonator of a solid-state wave gyro, mounted on a rotating platform, can also detect a rotation rate. Because there are no typical mechanical parts there, such wave sensors have advantages for long-term space missions. However, to maintain the functionality and sensitivity of a wave gyro in practice, the driving of standing waves requires a sophisticated feedback control. Nonetheless, we have demonstrated that such a gyro can operate without any feedback at the expense of the natural nonlinearity of the resonator in a postbifurcation regime.
Detached eddy simulation on the turbulent flow in a stirred tank

A detached eddy simulation (DES), a large-eddy simulation (LES), and a k-"-based Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) calculation on the single phase turbulent flow in a fully baffled stirred tank, agitated by a Rushton turbine is presented. The DES used here is based on the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model solved on a grid containing about a million control volumes. The standard k-" and LES were considered here for comparison purposes. Predictions of the impeller-angle-resolved and time-averaged turbulent flow have been evaluated and compared with data from laser doppler anemometry measurements. The effects of the turbulence model on the predictions of the mean velocity components and the turbulent kinetic energy are most pronounced in the (highly anisotropic) trailing vortex core region, with specifically DES performing well. The LES—that was performed on the same grid as the DES—appears to lack resolution in the boundary layers on the surface of the impeller. The findings suggest that DES provides a more accurate prediction of the features of the turbulent flows in a stirred tank compared with RANS-based models and at the same time alleviates resolution requirements of LES close to walls. V C 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 00: 000–000, 2011
Runx3 prevents spontaneous colitis by directing differentiation of anti-inflammatory mononuclear phagocytes

RUNX3 is one of three mammalian Runt-domain transcription factors (TFs) that regulate gene expression in several types of immune cells. Runx3-deficiency in mice is associated with a multitude of defects in the adaptive and innate immunity systems, including the development of early onset colitis. Our study reveals that conditional deletion of Runx3 specifically in mononuclear phagocytes (MNP) (MNPRunx3−/−) but not in T cells, recapitulates the early onset spontaneous colitis seen in Runx3−/− mice. We show that Runx3 is expressed in colonic MNP, including resident macrophages (RM) and the dendritic cell cDC2 subsets and its loss results in impaired differentiation/maturation of both cell types. At the transcriptome level, loss of Runx3 in RM and cDC2 was associated with upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes similar to those in the early onset IBD murine model of RMIl10r−/−. The impaired RM maturation in the absence of Runx3 was associated with a marked decrease in expression of anti-inflammatory and TGFβ-regulated genes. Similarly, the decreased expression of β-catenin signaling associated genes in Runx3-deficient cDC2 indicates their impaired differentiation/maturation. Analysis of ChIP-seq data suggests that in both MNP cell types a significant fraction of these differentially expressed genes are high confidence Runx3 directly regulated genes. Interestingly, several of these putative Runx3 target genes harbor SNPs associated with IBD susceptibility in humans. Remarkably, the impaired maturation and pro-inflammatory phenotype of MNP lacking Runx3 was associated with a substantial reduction in the prevalence of colonic lamina propria Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and an increase in IFNγ-producing CD4+ T cells, underscoring Runx3 critical role in establishing tolerogenic MNP. Together, these data emphasize the dual role of Runx3 in colonic MNP, as a transcriptional repressor of pro-inflammatory genes and an activator of maturation-associated genes including anti-inflammatory genes. Our study highlights the significance of the current MNPRunx3−/− model for understanding of human MNP-associated colitis. It provides new insights into the crucial involvement of Runx3 in intestinal immune tolerance by regulating colonic MNP maturation through TGFβR signaling and anti-inflammatory functions by Il10R signaling, befitting the identification of RUNX3 as a genome-wide associated risk gene for various immune-related diseases in humans including gastrointestinal tract diseases such as celiac and Crohn’s disease.
Estimating Economic Regional E ects of Euro 2012

In April 2007 Poland and Ukraine were awarded by UEFA to co-host the 2012 European Football Championships. This rst 'mega-event' to take place in the transition countries is commonly intended to yield large and lasting economic bene ts to the host cities. This point of view is rarely shared by economists, who are aware of misuse of economic impact estimates. In this paper we modify the Keynesian-style multiplier model to investigate the e ects of Euro 2012-related spending on local economies. Our goal is two-fold: on the one hand, we can easily investigate the impact on each demand component, on the other hand, we wish to calculate the magnitudes of these multipliers in order to judge the credibility of potential regional welfare bene ts. This analysis is strengthened by taking into account the regional supply constraints. Our study also reviews the existent body of work on mega-sporting events and our results are in line with those researches who argue that the true economic impact of these competitions is overestimated by a large margin. Finally, we stress the organizational and institutional dimension of hosting a 'mega-event' by the transition and developing countries that are constantly struggled to tackle the colossal tasks of upgrading stadiums and modernizing airports, rail and road networks and hotels.
The Effects of Community-based Reproductive Health Workers on the Utilization of Family Planning Services in Yemen

This study focused on community health workers who were trained within the project of communitybased reproductive health promotion (CBRHP), to explore its effects on the utilization of familyplanning services in their communities. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in two villages of the project and two non-intervened villages. The study was conducted after 19 months from the intervention date. Stratified proportional random sample was applied for the selection of the household. Equal numbers of participants were interviewed with questionnaire from both study arms with involvement of both sexes. Data analysis was made, interpreted with odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The rate of ever used of modern contraceptive methods was higher among people in the intervention areas (74.5%) in comparison to the non-intervention areas (51.1%). Families with children younger than two years were using contraception more than those who have children older than two years (OR = 4.37, (1.79 – 10.64) with 95% CI P = 0.001). The age of the last child adjusted ratio (AOR= 2.62) was less than the crude OR (3.41). The study concluded that CBRHP volunteers contributed to provide contraceptive methods for more than two thirds of people in the intervention areas.
Palm pulp rheological parameters in function of temperature and content of suspended solids

Acai and Jussara are typical Brazilian fruits, highly appreciated and nutritionally rich. Besides, since they are perishable products, and it is difficult to extend their lives, beyond the natural fruit consumption it becomes interesting its derivatives consumption in which it is used fruit pulp, which must be submitted to the industrialization processes such as pumping, agitation, pipe transporting and evaporation. In order to make all these stages economically viable, the pulp physical and chemical knowledge is basic. Amongst these properties, the rheological behavior is one of great importance, being useful as quality control measurement and in projects, evaluation and operation of the processing food equipment such as the pumps, agitation, pipes, etc. This work objective was to measure Acai and Jussara pulps rheological and physical-chemical properties. The results had shown that both pulps presented characteristic composition of the fruits, on the basis of the data found in literature, and pseudoplastic rheological behavior, since the viscosity of both diminished, as the shear tension increased.