Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Incidence of Ischemic Stroke and Its Associated Factors in Young Adults in Kermanshah Over a Seven-Year Period

Background: Cerebrovascular accidents are the most prevalent debilitating neurological disease and the third leading cause of death in the world. Although the incidence of stroke increases with age, its prevalence is growing in the young. Objectives: In the present study the incidence of ischemic stroke and its associated risk factors was investigated in young adults in the city of Kermanshah, Iran over a seven-year period. Methods: The present study was conducted on 122 patients below the age of 45 years who hospitalized with ischemic stroke in the Department of Neurology of Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah between 2007 and 2014. Data, including age, gender, history of hypertension, smoking status, the history of heart disease, taking high-risk medications, the history of internal diseases, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus and causes of stroke were recorded in the designed a checklist. Results: The incidence of ischemic stroke had been growing in individuals under the age of 45 years in Kermanshah during 2007 - 2014. The mean and standard deviation of age was 37.33 ± 7.05 years among participants. They included 57 female (46.7%) and 65 males (53.3%). The most prevalent risk factors in the study patients respectively comprised the history of hypertension (30.3%), smoking status (28.7%), the history of heart disease (26.2%), taking high-risk medications (23.8%), the history of internal diseases (22.9%), hyperlipidemia (20.5%) and diabetes mellitus (18.8%). Early atherosclerosis (23.8%) was also found to be the most common cause of ischemic stroke in these patients. Conclusions: There is a considerable increase in the incidence of ischemic stroke in young people. Control of the risk factors, raising public awareness, and changing lifestyle are crucial for preventing cerebrovascular accidents and their associated complications and death.
Mid-term Safety and Efficacy of Transcatheter Closure of Ostium Secundum Atrial Septal Defect under Transthoracic Echocardiographic Guidance in Children Weighing Less than 15 Kg

Background: Transcatheter device closure of ostium secundum atrial septal defect is a safe & effective intervention in older children, & is usually done under transesophageal echocardiography guidance. However, the procedure under transthoracic echocardiography guidance, especially in smaller children, is done only at few centers, the data of which is scarce. Methods: A prospective study was undertaken to assess the mid-term efficacy and outcome of transcatheter device closure of ostium secundum atrial septal defect under transthoracic echocardiographic guidance, in children <15 Kg. Results: Eighty three children with ostium secundum atrial septal defect were included in the study. Median age of the study population was 3.5 years (1.9-5.6 years), and median weight of 11.6 Kg (7.6 - 14.9 Kg). The primary and secondary procedural success rates were 94% and 96.4% respectively. Post procedure patients were followed up for 12-30 months. Device related major complications were encountered in 4 (4.8%) cases. The total occlusion rates of the defect at 24 hours, 1 month and 3 months post procedure were 94%, 98.8% and 100% respectively. Conclusion: The transcatheter device closure of ostium secundum atrial septal defect under transthoracic echocardiography guidance, in children <15 Kg, has a high short and mid-term safety and efficacy.
Nonparametric Statistics with Applications to Science and Engineering (Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics)

Preface. 1. Introduction. 2. Probability Basics. 3. Statistics Basics. 4. Bayesian Statistics. 5. Order Statistics. 6. Goodness of Fit. 7. Rank Tests. 8. Designed Experiments. 9. Categorical Data. 10. Estimating Distribution Functions. 11. Density Estimation. 12. Beyond Linear Regression. 13. Curve Fitting Techniques. 14. Wavelets. 15. Bootstrap. 16. EM Algorithm. 17. Statistical Learning. 18. Nonparametric Bayes. A. MATLAB. B. WinBUGS. MATLAB Index. Author Index. Subject Index.
«Oberexia»: The desire to be fat(ter) in adults with excess weight

Introduction: Despite of being scarce, evidence is growing on the existence of a group of overweight and obese individuals who do not consider their weight a risk factor for disease and who associate their weight and body with health, vigor, beauty and well-being. Consequently, they manifest a desire to maintain or even increase their weight. We propose an attempt of nomenclature, Oberexia, for this new social reality, and we describe its main characteristics and present empirical observational findings supporting the existence of this condition. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and characteristics of Oberexia in a national sample of Spanish 16 to 60-years-old adults. Methodology: Perceptions of body weight/size/shape and composition, and body satisfaction were assessed in overweight and obese adults through silhouettes, questions and discrepancies. Results: One in ten of the participants self-perceived their body as normal in weight or size. A total of 6.5% wanted to have overweight or obese bodies. A case-to-case analysis revealed that 4.2% of the participants wanted to maintain their appearance, and 1.8% wanted a body with greater weight. All these findings are related to fat mass instead of muscle mass. Conclusions: Our results support the existence of a subgroup of overweight and obese individuals who differ from the traditional subgroup of individuals with excess weight who are dissatisfied with their body. We encourage to explore the outcomes on health and the possible clinical implications of this condition.
Obesity and Body Image among Adolescent Female Nursing Students

Background: The adolescents who are overweight or obese are more likely to experience stigma, lower self-esteem and negative body image compared to those with a healthy weight. Adolescents living with overweight or obesity may also be more prone to developing psychological distress, including depression, anxiety, and mood disorders than the general population Aim: This study was aimed to assess effect of obesity on body image among adolescent female nursing students. Subjects and Method: A descriptive research design was utilized to conduct this study. The study has been carried out on 167 students in the technical secondary schools of nursing in Mansoura city. Three tools were used to collect data: first tool was Structured Questionnaire Sheet; the second one was anthropometric measurement sheet. The third one was Body Appreciation Scale. Results: The results of this study showed that, the majority of overweight adolescents have positive appreciation about their body image. Conclusion and Recommendation: The majority of overweight adolescents have positive appreciation about their body image. The study recommended that establishing a system of community health services that can cover all aspects of adolescents.
PreRAKE diversity combining in time-division duplex CDMA mobile communications

A preRAKE system is proposed for the time-division duplex (TDD) code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems for portable communications. Since the up and down links are time slots on the same carrier frequency, they have the same channel impulse response during a short period of time. Instead of building a RAKE receiver in the portable unit, the base station (BS) can preRAKE the signal before transmission in the down link using the channel impulse response estimated from the up link. When the preRAKED signal is convolved with the channel impulse response, the function of the RAKE receiver is automatically performed. The mobile or portable unit uses a conventional receiver and still achieves the diversity gain of a RAKE receiver.
Concussion among female athletes in Iceland: Stress, depression, anxiety, and quality of life

Abstract The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between self-reported concussion history and stress, depression, anxiety, and quality of life among Icelandic female athletes. Participants were 508 Icelandic female athletes, aged 18–45 (M = 26.99, SD = 7.14), that had, or were currently training and competing in the two top leagues in basketball, soccer, and handball, in the top league in ice-hockey and national tournaments in mixed martial arts, taekwondo, karate, and boxing. Participants completed an online questionnaire regarding their age, sport, and concussion history before answering standard mental health scales concerning stress (PSS), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), and quality of life (QOLS). Female athletes reporting a history of concussions scored higher on PSS, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 than those reporting no history of concussion. Scores on the QOLS were not significantly different between the groups. Female athletes that had sustained a concussion were 3.48 to 4.85 times more likely (depending on the number of concussions) to score above the clinical cut-off on PHQ-9 than those that had not sustained a concussion. Athletes that reported 2–3 or ≥ 4 concussions were 3.52 and 3.40 times more likely to score above the clinical cut-off on GAD-7, respectively. Results indicate that Icelandic female athletes with a history of concussion report more symptoms of distress than those with no history of concussion, and the higher number of concussions sustained, the worse they feel.
Neural networks for blind equalization

This paper presents general guidelines for applying neural networks (NNs) to blind equalization. Firstly, basic concepts and practical issues related to NNs and traditional equalization techniques are discussed. Then, the main neural-network-based solutions for equalization are reviewed and classified in four groups, depending on the type of equalization (supervised or blind) and the use of NNs (nonlinear filter or classifier). Finally, based on conclusions drawn from the analysis of the considered papers, a new effective neural solution is proposed for blind equalization.
A novel location-based service and architecture

This paper re-introduces the concept of service provider choice within hierarchical wireless networks of the future. The service provider does not have to be a PCS, cellular, or satellite carrier. The service provider might have agreements with multiple PCS, cellular, or satellite carriers to provide wireless services to its subscribers. The concepts of location billing and third generation networks have been studied in the past, but the concept of enabling users to switch between service providers based on their location is certainly novel. The objective is to present a generic service description of this concept and to propose a basic architecture that may foster future study. This paper is not a feasibility study, although it identifies the issues that may need to be considered to determine the viability of service provider choice based on a subscriber's location.
A Study on the Effects of Dietary Lactose on Ovarian Function and Body Weight in Normal and Obese Female Albino Rats

This work was done to investigate effects of dietary lactose on ovarian function and body weight in normal and obese female albino rats. 36 female albino rats 150170gm and 6 weeks old, were divided into two groups:(1)Normal group: composed of 18 rats divided into three subgroups: (A)Control group: received glucose in a dose of 41.9gm/100gm of standard diet for three months, (B)low lactose diet treated group: received lactose in a dose of 10.5gm/100gm of standard diet for three months (C)High lactose diet treated group: received lactose in a dose of 41.9gm/100gm of the standard diet for three months. (2)Obese group: composed of 18 rats received high fat diet for one month to induce obesity, then divided into three subgroups: (A) Control group: received glucose in a dose of 41.9gm/100gm of high fat diet for three months (B)Low lactose diet treated group: received lactose in a dose of10.5gm/100gm of high fat diet for three months (C)High lactose treated group: received lactose in a dose of 41.9gm/100gm of high fat diet for three months. At the end of the experiment, rats were weighed and blood collected from retro orbital plexus for determination of estrogen, progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), leptin. Vaginal cytology was done regularly to estimate estrus cycles cyclicity. The results showed significant reduction of body weight, estrogen, progesterone, and leptin in both normal and obese rats, and significant increase of FSH in normal and obese rats. Vaginal cytology showed disturbed and irregular estrus cycles. It can be concluded that, administration of lactose in low and high doses for long periods can affect the ovarian function, and caused reduction of body weight due to galactose content. It is recommended that, women with galactosemia and infertility must assess their galactose level which may be the cause of infertility.
Evaluation of Hormones and Trace Elements in Women with Unexplained Infertility

This study aims to Evaluation of prolactin (PRL), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), luteinizing (LH)and Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)and trace elements (iron and copper) in women with unexplained infertility (UI). 60 women with unexplained infertility as well as (40) women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) aged (2035) year were included in this study. The women were divided according the type of infertility into primary and secondary groups (1oUI, 2oUI, 1oPCO and 2oPCO) respectively. Fifty healthy fertile women with the same age were included in this study as a control group. The results showed a significant increase in serum of Prolactin, TSH, LH levels in the two groups of women with explained infertility (pcos) compared to control and the two groups of women with unexplained infertility. In contrast no significant differences in Prolactin, TSH, FSH and LH levels in women with unexplained infertility in comparison with the control.Serum levels of iron and copper significantly increase in unexplained infertility groups in comparison with women with explained infertility and control groups. This study concluded that is Prolactin, TSH and LH hormone are not associated statistically with unexplained female infertility. The increase in Cu and iron may have an important etiological role in the pathogenicity of unexplained infertility.
Patterns and Sequelae of burn injury at the Jordanian Royal Medical Services rehabilitation center in 2005-2017: a cross-sectional study

Background: Burns are not yet appropriately reported in Jordan; determining patterns provides critical input in construction of awareness programs and vital issues to be addressed while developing such programs to raise public awareness as well as to increase the safety measures in domestic settings, as prevention is better than cure. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine burns in Jordan in regard to patterns and sequelae. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1,288 records of patients with burns at the burns unit of the Royal Jordanian Rehabilitation Center (RJRC) between 2005 and 2017 were studied. Age, gender, total body surface area (TBSA), location of burn, admission date and time, location of incidence and mortality. All data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Results: Mean age was 31±26 years; the male-to-female ratio was 1.56:1 and 41.8% of victims admitted were at or below 14 years of age. The proportions of males and females with burn injury was not statistically significant by age group (p=0.8). A total of 90.5% were in a domestic environment and 64.5% were the result of direct flame burn, followed by scalding burns in about 25.3%. The most affected sites were limbs with the majority of patients with below 40% total body surface area (TBSA) affected and deep partial thickness. A further 218 cases were inhalational injuries. Mean of in-hospital stay was 18 days. The overall mortality rate was 14.6% and attributed to elevated TBSA, depth of the wound, presence of inhalational injury and flame type of burn. Age specific mortality were 7.9% and 19.15% in patient younger than 14 years of age and in older ones respectively Conclusion: As most burns appeared to be in domestic settings, raising public awareness and increasing safety measures in domestic settings will hopefully decrease burn incidence and its consequences. Teaching first aid to the population can also be beneficial in reducing the morbidity and mortality of burn.
Management of Ovarian Tumors and Adnexal Torsion in Children; How to Save?

Oz Amac: Nadir gorulmekle birlikte, uterin adnekslerin malignite ve torsiyonlari, karin agrisi ile basvuran kiz cocuklarinin degerlendirilmesinde onemli bir sorun olusturmaktadir Gerec ve Yontem: Klinigimizde, Mart 2004 ile Aralik 2010 tarihleri arasinda adneks torsiyonu veya tumoru tanisi almis 47 hasta calismaya dahil edildi. Bulgular: Yirmi bir hasta uterin adnekslerin torsiyonu, 18 hasta over tumoru ve 8 hastanin ise tumor ile birlikte torsiyon nedeniyle ameliyat edilmisti. Radikal cerrahi orani torsiyonlarda %47, tumorlerde %72 iken, hem torsiyon hemde tumor varliginda %100’e ulasmaktaydi. Over torsiyonlarinda radikal cerrahi ve over kurtarilma oranlari acisindan, erken ve gec basvuran vakalar arasinda fark yoktu. Tartisma: Overlerin korunabilecegini destekleyen verilerin giderek artmasina ragmen, kiz cocuklarinda adneks torsiyonu ve tumorlerinin tedavisinde radikal cerrahi oranlari halen yuksek gozukmektedir. Over tumorlerinde koruyucu cerrahi mumkun gozukmekle beraber en uygun yolunu bulmak icin daha ileri calismalara ihtiyac vardir.
Histopathological and Histochemical Assessment of Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Hepatic Toxicity and the Amelioration with Propolis.

Introduction: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is utilized to enhance appetite and there is rising solicitude that MSG has a role in the evolution of hepatic disturbances. Propolis has been notified to have a considerable role in the amelioration of hepatic toxicity. Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of propolis on hepatotoxicity induced by MSG. Materials and methods: Forty-eight male rats were divided into four equal groups (Gp). GpI was served as a control, GpII was treated orally with propolis (90mg/kg bw) and GpIII was treated with MSG (97 mg/kg bw). GpIV was treated with MSG and propolis in the same doses as GpII and GpIII. All agents were administrated orally once daily for 6 weeks. Then, rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Liver tissues were harvested for histopathological and histochemical examinations with determination of oxidative markers. Results: The results showed that the levels of ALT, AST, and ALP significantly augmented in MSG-treated rats whereas serum albumin level significantly declined. Rats’ exposure to MSG increased oxidative parameters; malondialdehyde (MDA) in the tissue, in parallel with decreased antioxidant enzymes levels as well as histopathological damages in the hepatic tissue. The administration of propolis highly mitigated the hepatotoxic influences of MSG based on biochemical and histological alterations. Conclusion: In summary, the study obviously indicates that MSG-induced hepatic toxicity could be protected by propolis administration and such beneficial properties could be attributed to the polyphenolic compounds present in these natural products.
Reduction of Hepato-Metabolic Changes in Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome by Metformin and Atorvastatin Combination

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the commonly associated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasing health concern and hot topic in medical research. Together with lifestyle modification, metformin (MET) and statins are among drugs with potential therapeutic beneft. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of synergistic combination of MET and atorvastatin (ATR) in rat model of MetS. Methods. Rats were fed on high-carbohydrate, highfat (HCHF) diet for 16 weeks and either of MET, ATR, or their combination were administered from the beginning of the 9th week to the end of the study. Body weight, insulin resistance, plasma lipids, serum transaminases, TNF-α, leptin and adiponectin as well as liver histopathology were assessed. Results. Both MET and ATR worked synergistically to reverse the biochemical and histological abnormalities of MetS and ameliorated steatohepatitis more than their individual effects. Conclusion. The present study clearly demonstrates a synergistic effect of MET an ATR combination to reverse hepato-metabolic abnormalities of MetS/NAFLD in rat model and calls for pursuing subsequent clinical studies to consolidate data at hand
Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Versus Instrumented PosteroLateral Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Spine Diseases

Purpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate the outcomes of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) versus instrumented posterolateral fusion (PLF) in degenerative lumbar spine diseases. Method The study was approved by the local ethics committee, and a written consent was obtained for each subject. The study included 40 patients divided into 2 groups (A and B), group A included 20 patients and it was treated by transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) while group B included 20 patients and it was treated by posterolateral fusion (PLF). Patients were followed for a period of one year. Results Functional outcome was assessed using Modified Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire (ODI score). There was a statistically significant difference between preoperative and one year postoperative ODI score in TLIF group and PLF group (P-value <0.001) but the difference between preoperative and one year postoperative ODI score in TLIF group was more than that of PLF group. There was no statistical significant difference between both groups regarding post operative complications and the process of disc fusion. Conclusion Although there was no important statistically significant differences between Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody fusion (TLIF) and PosteroLateral Fusion (PLF), however TLIF is superior to PLF as regards clinical and radiological outcome. So, our study suggests TLIF over PLF in treatment degenerative lumbar spine dieases.
A High Speed Parallel Counter Architecture and its Implementation in Programmable Square Finder cum Frequency Divider Circuit

bit programmable square finder cum frequency divider architecture is presented. This special architecture includes a high speed parallel counter, clock trigger circuit, eight bit multiplier logic, sequence termination logic and sequence restarter logic. The entire architecture is divided into two parts: The frequency divider section and the square finder section. The frequency divider circuit outputs a sequence of states and the modulus is determined by the external frequency select input. The Square finder circuit finds the square of the given number by repetitively adding the number that much times. The counter consists of two main sections- the counting section and the state Anticipation Module. The 8-bit square finder cum frequency divider employing existing counter architecture (5) consumes a total transistor count of 1206 whereas the same using proposed counter architecture consumes only 1038. The worst case delay of the proposed programmable square finder cum frequency divider architecture employing the existing and proposed counter architecture was found to be 21.829ns and 20.686 respectively and the Power dissipation at 250 MHz was found to be 6.35 mW and 5.77mW respectively.