Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DAMD 1797-1-7113 TITLE : Function of Protein Phosphatase 2 A in Control of Proliferation : Isolation and Analysis of Dominant-Defective Mutants

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a heterotrimeric serine/threonine-specific protein phosphatase, comprises a catalytic subunit and two distinct regulatory subunits, A and B. The primary sequence of the catalytic (C) subunit is highly conserved in evolution, and its function has been shown to be essential in yeast, Drosophila and mice. In many eukaryotes, the C subunit is encoded by at least two nearly identical genes, impeding conventional loss-of-function genetic analysis. We report here the development of a functional complementation assay in S. cerevisiae that has allowed us to isolate dominant-defective alleles of human and Arabidopsis C subunit genes. Wild-type human and Arabidopsis C subunit genes can complement the lethal phenotype of S. cerevisiae PP2A-C mutations. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to create two distinct, catalytically impaired C subunit mutants of the human and Arabidopsis genes. In both cases, expression of the mutant subunit in yeast prevented growth, even in the presence of functional C subunit proteins. This dominant growth defect is consistent with a dominant-interfering mode of action. Thus we have shown that S. cerevisiae provides a rapid system for the functional analysis of heterologous PP2A genes, and that two mutations that abrogate phosphatase activity exhibit dominant-defective phenotypes in S. cerevisiae.
Electronic Motion in Molecular Systems : From the Hydrogen Molecular Ion to Nanostructures Inaugural

The analysis and visualization of electron dynamics in molecular systems represents an effective means to gain deeper understanding of various physical and chemical processes. For this purpose, this theoretical-chemical dissertation aims at the development of general analysis tools (detCI@ORBKIT) and new theoretical methods (“Born-Oppenheimer Broken Symmetry” ansatz), focusing on the different components of the electronic continuity equation. This fundamental relation connects the electron density with the electronic flux density, or electronic current density. While the former is a scalar field, which defines the probability distribution of the electrons, the latter is a vector field describing the instantaneous and spatially resolved flow of electrons. The robustness and scalability of the developed methodological framework is first benchmarked, before it is subsequently applied to various fields. In chemistry, curved arrows are drawn at Lewis structures to symbolize the electron movement during chemical reactions. In the first application, this simple model is elucidated by means of quantum dynamics exemplary for the benzene molecule. For this purpose, different localized electronic superposition states are prepared by laser excitation initiating charge migration in the attosecond time regime. The analysis of the time evolution of the electron density reveals that, in the investigated cases, the electrons follow a pincer-type mechanism and that, in contrast to the predictions by the simple traditional model, a very small number of electrons is transported. Interestingly, the laser preparation phase is observed to play an important role in the patterns of charge migration. The last part of this dissertation is devoted to electron dynamics in a graphene-based molecular nanojunction. By applying dissipative quantum dynamics, it is demonstrated that this nanostructure can be reliably switched by a static electric field in the spirit of a traditional field effect transistor. The subsequent investigation of the electronic flux density for both conformers yields an intuitive picture of the charge migration mechanism and reveals a possible route to optimize the structure of the nanojunction. The main conclusions of my doctoral studies can be summarized as follows: While the analysis of the electron density allows quantitative statements about reaction mechanisms, the electronic flux density gives a direct and intuitive insight into the exact course of chemical reactions. The gained dynamical information not only significantly contributes to the understanding of chemical mechanisms, but can also help to optimize the functionality of the devices under investigation.
Workiing Paper Seriies Tax Compliance , Tax Morale And Governance Quality

Taxpayers are more compliant than the traditional economic models predict. Why? The literature calls it the “puzzle of tax compliance”. In this paper we use field, experimental and survey data to investigate the empirical evidence on whether presence of tax morale helps to resolve this puzzle. The results reveal a strong correlation between tax morale and tax evasion/compliance which confirms the value of taking the research a step further by looking at the determinants of tax morale. We explore this question with a particular focus on the importance of governance quality. JEL Classifications: H260
Preliminary Aerodynamic Design of a Fan Stage for an Ultra High Bypass Ratio Engine

In the framework of the Coordinated Research Centre 880 (Sonderforschungsbereich 880) the fundamentals of an environmental friendly future regional aircraft are being developed. Therefore, an engine with a bypass ratio of 17 for the target reference aircraft mission has to be designed resulting in an increased propulsive efficiency. In order to reduce the adverse viscous drag effects of a large intake for such ultra high bypass ratio engines, the intake will be reduced in its length. With this background, the engine installation position was chosen above the wing to realize some noise shielding effects as well as inflow straightening effects. To investigate the inflow situation and interaction a suitable transonic fan stage has to be developed. The paper describes the design process starting from aircraft specifications to an engine performance model and a preliminary fan stage design. The preliminary fan stage design procedure relies on the isentropic simple-radial equilibrium equation. The blade sections are parabolic mean lines with cubic thickness distributions. During the design process special attention has been drawn on the supersonic flow approaching the rotor leading edge resulting in a complex shock structure. The shock structure goes hand-in-hand with the incidence chosen. Firstly, a peak isentropic efficiency of 87 percent was achieved with a large inand outlet duct. Secondly, numerical simulations using isolated nacelle flow by cutting away the inlet duct show an increase in isentropic efficiency to almost 88 percent at design point. To summarize, numerical verifications show consistent results with the design specification and hence, methodology used. Further inflow investigations in case of the on-wing mounted engine will be part of the on-going research project.
Effective Use of Cross-Domain Parsing in Automatic Speech Recognition and Error Detection

Effective Use of Cross-Domain Parsing in Automatic Speech Recognition and Error Detection Marius Alexandru Marin Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Mari Ostendorf Electrical Engineering Automatic speech recognition (ASR), the transcription of human speech into text form, is used in many settings in our society, ranging from customer service applications to personal assistants on mobile devices. In all such settings it is important for the system to know when it is making errors, so that it may ask the user to rephrase or restate their previous utterance. Such errors are often syntactically anomalous. The primary goal of this thesis is to find novel uses of parsing for automatic detection and correction of ASR errors. We start by developing a framework for ASR rescoring and automatic error detection leveraging syntactic parsing in conjunction with a maximum entropy classifier, and find that parsing helps with error detection, even when the parser is trained on out-of-domain data. In particular, features capturing parser reliability are used to improve the detection of out-of-vocabulary (OOV) and name errors. However, parsers trained on out-of-domain treebanks do not provide any benefit to ASR rescoring. This observation motivates our work on domain adaptation of parsing, with the objective of directly improving both transcription accuracy and error detection. We develop two weakly supervised domain adaptation methods which use error labels, but no handannotated parses: a self-training approach to directly improve the probabilistic context-free grammar (PCFG) model used in parsing, as well as a novel model combination method using a discriminative log-linear model to augment the generative PCFG. We apply both methods to ASR rescoring and error detection tasks. We find that self-training improves the ability of our parser to select the correct ASR hypothesis. The log-linear adaptation improves both OOV and name error detection tasks, and self-training performed after loglinear adaptation further improves the reliability of the parser, while producing smaller, faster models. Finally, motivated by empirical observations that the presence of names in an utterance is often indicated by words located far apart from the names themselves, we develop a general long-distance phrase pattern learning algorithm using word-level semantic similarity measures, and apply it to the problem of name error detection. This novel feature learning method leads to more robust classification, both when used independently of parsing, and in conjunction with parse features.
Heavy Metal Levels in the Black Sea Sprat ( Sprattus sprattus )

Rapid population growth, urbanization and industrialization in recent years, together with the human impact on nature, consumption of resources and production of wastes brought up a lot of environmental issues. Water, soil and air contaminations accompanied depletion of natural resources by human activities within this period. Therefore, pollution in natural resources is among the most important environmental issues to be combatted today. Pollution in aquatic environments is a popular and intensively studied topic as it covers both the life of humans and the aquatic organisms. Contamination in aquatic environments is a direct result of domestic and industrial discharges to the receiving water body. Pollutants may also reach to the aquatic ecosystem by erosion and floods if the soil is contaminated with pesticides, and synthetic or organic fertilizers. Consequently, oceans and all sea waters which constitute a great majority of the ecosystem have been receiving environments eventually. Heavy metals are among the most significant pollutants which cause pollution in marine ecosystems. In spite of the fact they are found at trace levels in marine environments, their concentrations and bioaccumulations in organisms are varied. The term “heavy metal” covers all the metals and metabolites on earth.
Nagoya University at TRECVID 2014: the Instance Search Task

This paper presents our recent progress on a video object retrieval system that participated in the Instance Search (INS) task of the TRECVID 2014. Basically the system is a further extension of our previous Bag-of-Words (BOW) framework, with emphasis on pursuing a practical spatial re-ranking method scalable to large video database this year. We take the asymmetrical dissimilarities based system, which performed best in the INS2013 task, as the baseline, and re-rank with an improved spatial verification method. Experiments carried out the TRECVID INS2013 and INS2014 consistently show that, our re-ranking algorithm is able to further improve the baseline system at a rather fast speed.
Influence of Teacher Accessibility and Attitude towards Integration of Computers in Mathematics Instruction in Secondary Schools in Kenya

The widespread use of computers in schools renders accessibility and preparedness in these technologies necessary. It is critical to understand whether mathematics teachers are accessible to computers and have the necessary attitudes regarding computer integration into their classrooms. The purpose of the study was to establish the influence of teacher accessibility and attitude towards integration of computers in mathematics instruction in secondary schools in Kenya. A descriptive survey design was adopted for this study. 147 mathematics teachers in 25 public secondary schools of Kakamega South were selected through purposive, stratified and simple random procedures. The instruments for data collection were the questionnaire and interview schedule. Reliability of the data collection instruments was determined by split –half method. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings had implications on integration of computers in secondary school mathematics.
COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON BACTERIAL AFFECTIONS OF LIVER IN FARM ANIMALS

Out of the examined livers of some farm animals (1000 sheep, 825 cattle, 1740 buffaloes and 1360 camels) of different ages and sexes slaughtered at abattoirs in Cairo, Giza and Kalubia provinces, during the period from January 2011 to March 2013, the incidence of the bacterial affections was 5%, 3.03%, 1.29% and 1.91% , respectively. Bacteriological examination revealed that Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium pyogenes and Escherichia coli were the most common aerobic bacteria while Clostridium perfringens and Fusobacterium necrophorum were the most common anaerobic bacteria isolated from the affected livers. Corynebacterium ovis was isolated from six cases of sheep. Histopathologically, suppurative hepatitis was the commonest lesion usually in the form of abscesses. Coagulative necrosis was noticed in cases where anaerobes were isolated.
Molecular Analysis of Mahabadi Goat Population based on ND 6 gene of Mitochondrial DNA

Native goats of importance in the economy of rural households are also important as genetic reserves that account for the reserving genetic diversity in native goat breeds of Iran because of the little population size is necessary for breeding goals and increasing their production. The first step is determination of genetic diversity in existing populations. Among the genetic markers, mtDNA sequencing is one of the most useful and common methods employed for inferring phylogenetic relationship between close related species and population and conservation of species. The object this study was carried out for determination of the mitochondrial ND6 gene sequence in Mahabadi native goat in Iran. For this study blood samples were taken randomly from 30 goats. After extracting DNA, ND6 gene of mtDNA was amplified with specific primers using PCR and after purification was sequenced. The phylogenic tree was drawn with the consensus sequence of other similar sequences of different goats breeds obtained from GenBank. InThe phylogenic tree, Mahabadi native goat was clustered with Switzerland, Romania, Austria, Cyprus, Jordan, Spain, Saudi Arabia, Albania , Turkey, Egypt, Kurdi Iran, Malaysia, Kyrgyzstan, and Italya native goat breeds. This is possible because of the conserved area is ND6 in goats.
The Relationship between the Critical Thinking Ability and the Listening Strategies of Iranian EFL learners

The purposes of this study was to investigate the relationship between the critical thinking ability and the listening strategies of Iranian EFL learners, as well as to investigate the relationship between the critical thinking ability of Iranian EFL learners and their use of each cognitive, meta-cognitive and socio-affective strategies. The participants of this study were one hundred Iranian EFL senior students majoring in English Literature and English Translation at Sistan and Baluchestan University and Shiraz Azad University in Iran. The instruments of this study were two questionnaires: a critical thinking questionnaire and a listening strategies questionnaire. The results showed that there was a strong positive significant relationship between the critical thinking ability and the listening strategies, and that meta-cognitive strategies were mostly used by Iranian EFL learners.
Relationship between Inflation and Economic Growth in Malaysia-An Econometric Review

One of the most important basic objectives for any countries is to sustain high economic growth together with low inflation. However, there has been considerable debate between structuralists and monetarists on the nature of the inflation and economic growth relationship over the past few decades. The structuralists believe that inflation is essential for economic growth, where as the monetarists see inflation as detrimental to economic growth. Some findings say there is significant short-run relationship but not in the long-run. Considering all types of findings this paper investigates the same issue in the economy of Malaysia. The data are taken from IFS, yearly data and methodologies are ADF, PP Unit Root Test, Vector Error Correction , Vector Auto Regression, Impulse response function and Variance Decomposition, etc . According to this study there exist short-run causality between the variables and direction of causality is from inflation to economic growth but in the long-run economic growth Granger Causes inflation.
THE PRESUMED IMPARTIALITY OF JOURNALISTIC DISCOURSE : IDEOLOGICAL POSITIONING IN APPROPRIATING THE DISCOURSE OF OTHERS

■ ABSTRACT: This article engages with the discussion on the tension between objectivity and subjectivity in the field of journalism theory. Addressing the place of language in these studies, we propose that the modes of appropriating the discourse of the Other can be a way to reconcile this tension, as we raise the hypothesis that it is a mark of the socio-ideological positioning of the journalist-subject in relation to the object of utterance. Therefore, we begin with the concept of language from the Bakhtin Circle, examining the news from two of the most widely read newspapers in the State of Pernambuco – the Diário de Pernambuco and the Jornal do Commercio, respectively – which addresses Eduardo Campos, candidate to the presidency of Brazil in 2014. The analysis carried out shows that the means of appropriation of the discourse of the Other can serve to effect various meanings, and that, when appropriating the discourse of the Other, the journalist-subject does not give his place to the Other, but rather speaks together with him, demonstrating ideological positioning in the news item.
COMPOSITION , DIVERSITY , AND BIOMASS OF HERBACEOUS SPECIES AND FUNCTIONAL GROUPS IN A GRADIENT OF NITROGEN AMENDMENT IN A DRY TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT OF INDIA

Nitrogen depositions due to anthropogenically induced disturbances are adding more reduced N to the biosphere, and have had considerable impacts on soil and vegetation. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of N application on the diversity and biomass of herbaceous functional groups in a dry tropical environment of India. For this, a total of 135 1-m2 plots distributed in five locations were established in the year 2007 on the campus of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. Each plot received a randomly chosen dose of N (0 kg N ha-1 yr-1 [control], 60 kg N ha-1 yr-1, or 120 kg N ha-1 yr-1). Vegetation samples were collected in 2009 and 2010. The species diversity of each functional group in each 1-m2 plot was calculated using the Shannon-Wiener index, and peak shoot biomass of the same was established by harvesting. The data were subjected to appropriate statistical analyses. NMS ordination suggested that soil moisture and N amendment caused changes in species and functional group composition and diversity. Location, year, and N amendment all contributed to significant differences in species diversity and biomass. Species diversity was maximum in the 60 kg N ha-1 yr-1 treated plots, while herbaceous above-ground biomass further increased due to the increase in N dose. The increase in total herbaceous biomass along the N amendment was mainly due to an increase in the biomass of grasses as there was a decline in forbs and legumes.
Cognitive Strategies of Students in Virtual Laboratories ( Eye Tracking Based Case Study )

The use of eye-tracking with the goal to help to reveal cognitive strategies while solving science (physics, biology, chemistry) problems is still quite rare, although it was successfully applied in many other research fields including human computer interaction and of course e-business. Usually eyetracking is adopted to examine human visual attention. In general, eye fixation location reflects attention and eye fixation duration reflects processing difficulty and amount of attention. Besides, according some studies, scan path patterns exhibit individuals’ cognitive strategies utilized in goaloriented tasks. The eye tracking based research, presented in this article, was proposed, designed a realized by experienced researchers, who deal with neurophysiologic aspects of human computer interactions since 2002. In this paper they introduce the methodology (SSRD), and also revealed behavioural and problem solving patterns of students and teachers, while working with physics applets in virtual laboratories. Authors present individual differences as well as different problem solving patterns and even different cognitive strategies. They compare the effectiveness and efficiency of different individual approaches and bring some interesting conclusions.
HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF SWEAT GLANDS IN GOATS ( Capra hircus )

The present study was conducted on 220 skin samples, 20 each collected from different body regions namely dorsal neck, lateral neck, ventral neck, dorsal thorax, lateral thorax, ventral thorax, dorsal abdomen, lateral abdomen, ventral abdomen, lateral thigh and medial thigh. The histological observations were recorded from the tissues stained by Hematoxyline and Eosin for study of normal histological structure. Histochemical staining for demonstration of Polysaccharides by Periodic acid Schiff stain and Lipid by Sudan black B stain was also performed on paraffin sections. Histologically skin was almost similar in all body regions. Sweat glands were simple tubular type. These were located at the junction of papillary and reticular layer. The glands were lined by simple cuboidal epithelium resting on basement membrane. The secretory cells showed apical protrusion. The glands were associated with primary hair follicle. The polysaccharides and lipid activity was present in sweat gland. The glands were associated with primary hair follicle.
Blending Acoustic and Language Model Predictions for Automatic Music Transcription

In this paper, we introduce a method for converting an input probabilistic piano roll (the output of a typical multi-pitch detection model) into a binary piano roll. The task is an important step for many automatic music transcription systems with the goal of converting an audio recording into some symbolic format. Our model has two components: an LSTM-based music language model (MLM) which can be trained on any MIDI data, not just that aligned with audio; and a blending model used to combine the probabilities of the MLM with those of the input probabilistic pi-ano roll given by an acoustic multi-pitch detection model, which must be trained on (a comparably small amount of) aligned data. We use scheduled sampling to make the MLM robust to noisy sequences during testing. We analyze the performance of our model on the MAPS dataset using two different timesteps (40ms and 16th-note), comparing it against a strong baseline hidden Markov model with a training method not used before for the task to our knowledge. We report a statistically signiﬁcant improvement over HMM decoding in terms of notewise F-measure with both timesteps, with 16th note timesteps improving further compared to 40ms timesteps.