Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The ultimate arc: Differential displacement, oroclinal bending, and vertical axis rotation in the External Betic‐Rif arc

The External Betic‐Rif arc, which lies between the converging African and Iberian plates, is one of the tightest orogenic arcs on Earth. It is a thin‐skinned fold and thrust belt formed in Miocene time around the periphery of the Alborán Domain, an older contractional orogen that underwent extensional collapse coevally with the formation of the thrust belt. Restoration of four sections across the thrust belt, together with kinematic and paleomagnetic analysis, allows a reconstruction of the prethrusting geometry of the Alborán Domain, and the identification of the following processes that contributed to the formation of the arc: (1) The Alborán Domain moved some 250 km westward relative to Iberia and Africa during the Miocene. This initiated the two limbs of the arc on its NW and SW margins, closing to the WSW in the region of Cherafat in northern Morocco. The overall convergence direction on the Iberian side of the arc was between 310° and 295°, and on the African side it was between 235° and 215°. The difference in convergence direction between the two sectors was primarily a result of the relative motion between Africa and Iberia. (2) Extensional collapse of the Alborán Domain during the Miocene modified the geometry of the western end of the arc: the Internal Rif rotated anticlockwise to form the present north trending sector of the arc, and additional components of displacement produced by extension were transferred into the external thrust belt along a series of strike‐slip faults and shear zones. These allowed the limbs of the arc to rotate and extend, tightening the arc, and creating variations in the amounts and directions of shortening around the arc. The Betic sector of the arc rotated clockwise by 25° during this process, and the southern Rif rotated anticlockwise by ∼55°. (3) Oblique convergence on the two limbs of the arc, dextral in the Betics and sinistral in the southern Rif, resulted in strongly noncoaxial deformation. This had three related effects: (1) large rotations of individual thrust sheets resulted from the oblique propagation of thrusts away from the thrust front, followed by pinning and rotation as the thrust sheets peeled off, (2) continued oblique convergence resulted in distributed shear, particularly in the rear of the thrust wedge, causing rotation of stacks of thrust sheets on the scale of a few tens of kilometers, and (3) distributed shear in the orogen resulted in the rotation of folds as they amplified, the hinges migrating through the rock body, and rotating at a slower rate than the rock. These rotations were substantially larger than the bulk rotations of the limbs of the arc, and they strongly modified the orientations of folds, thrust traces, and the structural indicators of fault slip directions.
Zero modes in the random hopping model

If the number of lattice sites is odd, a quantum particle hopping on a bipartite lattice with random hopping between the two sublattices only is guaranteed to have an eigenstate at zero energy. We show that the localization length of this eigenstate depends strongly on the boundaries of the lattice, and can take values anywhere between the mean free path and infinity. The same dependence on boundary conditions is seen in the conductance of such a lattice if it is connected to electron reservoirs via narrow leads. For any nonzero energy, the dependence on boundary conditions is removed for sufficiently large system sizes.
E‐learning developments and experiences

The focus of much e‐learning activity is upon the development of courses and their resources. Successful e‐learning takes place within a complex system involving the student experience of learning, teachers’ strategies, teachers’ planning and thinking, and the teaching/learning context. Staff development for e‐learning focuses around the level of technological delivery strategies when other issues such as the teachers’ conception of learning has a major influence on the planning of courses, development of teaching strategies and what students learn. This article proposes a more comprehensive framework for the design, development and implementation of e‐learning systems in higher education.
Antibacterial Activity of Macromycetes Mycelia and Culture Liquid

Creation of antibacterial drugs is a continuous process due to the appearance of multi resistant to existing antibiotics pathogens and new pathogen species. First of all, researches are interested in medications from natural sources having antibacterial activity and less side effects. In the past several decades there has been a growing interest in investigation of therapeutic potential of higher mushrooms (phylum Basidiomycota and some of phylum Ascomycota) including the study of antibacterial activity of their extracts. The results of numerous studies of mushrooms antibacterial activity were summarized in reviews [2, 28]. Antibacterial potential against 32 species of 18 genera of bacteria has been detected in 316 species of 150 genera of Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes [28]. A significant number of investigations of mushrooms antibiotic activity indicate its varying intensity: mild, moderate, strong or its total absence [4, 6, 8, 9, 15, 21, 29, 30, 32, 35, 37, 43]. The majority of studies have been carried out on fruiting bodies [6, 9, 21, 29, 30, 32, 35], less – on mycelium [8, 15, 25, 26, 37, 39, 42] and/or culture liquid [3, 26, 34, 42] of Macromycetes. Of particular interest are the studies that allow not only to assess but also compare the antibacterial potential of different vegetative forms of mushrooms and products of their cultivation (fruiting bodies, mycelia, culture liquids) [8, 17, 20, 26, 41, 42]. Only few studies have been devoted to the effects of cultivation conditions of some The antibacterial activities of thirty mushroom species belonging to Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes, cultivated on two liquid media, were evaluated against gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria by the disk diffusion method. All of the mushrooms, except Auriporia aurea, Fomes fomentarius, and Lyophyllum shimeji, showed different antibacterial activity levels—from 9.5 mm in diameter of the inhibition zone to full inhibition of growth of the test bacteria. The antibacterial activities of Crinipellis schevczenkovi, Hohenbuehelia myxotricha, Oxyporus obducens, and Spongipellis litschaueri were observed for the first time. The antibacterial potential of culture liquids of the investigated species was higher than that of their mycelia activity. Dependence of the intensity of antibacterial activity on the culture medium was shown. The antibacterial efficiency of the most active species (Lentinus edodes, Piptoporus betulinus, and Phellinus igniarius) was verified and compared with those of some commercial antibiotics and natural essential oils of Salvia and Eucalyptus. The culture liquid of Piptoporus betulinus, obtained after cultivation on glucose-peptone-yeast culture medium, is a potential substance for further creation of antibacterial products.
Nucleon resonances $N(1875)$ and $N(2100)$ as strange partners of LHCb pentaquarks

In this work, we investigate the possibility to interpret two nucleon resonances, the $N(1875)$ and the $N(2100)$ as hadronic molecular states from the $\Sigma^*K$ and $\Sigma K^*$ interactions, respectively. With the help of the effective Lagrangians where the coupling constants are determined by the SU(3) symmetry, the $\Sigma^*K$ and $\Sigma K^*$ interactions are described by the vector-meson and pseudoscalar-meson exchanges. With the one-boson-exchange potential obtained, the bound states from the $\Sigma^*K$ and $\Sigma K^*$ interactions are searched in a quasipotential Bethe-Saltpeter equation approach. A bound state with quantum number $I(J^P)=1/2(3/2^-)$ is produced from the $\Sigma^*K$ interaction, which can be identified as the $N(1875)$ listed in the PDG. It can be seen as a strange partner of the LHCb pentaquark $P_c(4380)$ with same quantum numbers in the molecular state picture. The $\Sigma K^*$ interaction also produce a bound state with quantum number $I(J^P)=1/2(3/2^-)$, which is related to the experimentally observed $N(2100)$ in the $\phi$ photoproduction. Our results suggest that the $N(2120)$ observed in the $K\Lambda(1520)$ photoproduction and the $N(2100)$ observed in the $\phi$ photoproduction have different origins. The former is a conventional three-quark state while the latter is a $\Sigma K^*$ molecular state, which can be seen as a strange partner of the $P_c(4450)$ with different spin-parity.
Compaction of sediments underlying areas of land subsidence in central California

_---------_-____________________________ Introduction-_-------_____________________________ Purpose of report_______________________________ Acknowledgments__ __________________________ Review of factors influencing compaction of clays and sands__________________________________________ Removal of water from clays. ____________________ Rearrangement of clay-mineral particles. __________ Development of preferred orientation_______ Development of turbostratic orientation. ______ Reduction of pore volume in sands at pressures less than 100 kilograms per square centimeter. ______ Influence of particle size. ____________________ Influence of particle sorting. _________________ Influence of particle roundness. ______________ Influence of mica particles. __________________ Influence of interstitial water. ________________ Pore volume of sandstones at pressures greater than 100 kilograms per square centimeter__________ Summary of petrology of sediments in areas of land subsidence _______________________________________ Analysis of factors influencing compaction of the sediments. __________________________________________ Use of multiple-regression statistics for analysis. ____ Effect of overburden load________________________ Effect of particle size__________________________ Page
Self-Regulation and Dimensions of Parenting Styles Predict Psychological Procrastination of Undergraduate Students

Objective: Previous research has linked self regulation and parenting styles separately to academic procrastination. This article investigates the impact of the dimensions of parenting styles, behavioral self regulation and short term self regulation on procrastination of students. Method: A sample of 249 adolescents (174 females and 75 male) aged 19 - 21 years completed measures of Parent as Social Context Questionnaire- Adolescent Report, Self-regulation Questionnaire (SRQ), Adolescent Self- Regulatory Inventory (ASRI) and Procrastination Tendency scale. Correlation coefficient indicted that in contrast to harsh or unsupportive parenting (rejection, chaos, and coercion), authoritative parenting (warmth, structure, and autonomy support) was inversely related with procrastination. Results: The results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed a clear negative relationship between a students' short term self regulation, dimensions of parenting styles (structure and warmth) and procrastination consistent with the literature. Conclusions: Surprisingly, in contrast to behavioral self regulation of Miler& Brown, short term self regulation was found to be negatively related to procrastination.
Clinical Utility of Electrophoretically Separated Serum Protein Fractions for Prediction of Myocardial Infarction

In an investigation on molecular basis of pathogenesis in cardiovascular diseases the blood samples of forty patients diagnosed for myocardial infarction (MI) obtained from Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore, Pakistan, and twenty healthy subjects of comparable age group without any history of cardiac ailment as control were used for study of protein profiles with sodium dodecyle sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in first dimension. The amount and molecular weights of each of the protein fractions were determined by Gene Genius Bio-imaging Gel Documentation System. The protein fractions that showed significant variation were separated by using the technique of electroblotting and electroelution and run on isoelectric focusing (IEF) in second dimension to determine their isoelectric points. The most pertinent results in the comparison were the significant increase in apolipoprotein B, marked decrease in apolipoprotein A-I and transthyretin and high apolipoprotein B/aplipoprotein A- I ratio in the sera of patients of MI compared to healthy subjects. These results show that level of apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein B, transthyretin and the apolipoprotein B/ apolipoprotein A-I ratio were the strong predictor of MI. It is also suggested that future MI events could be improved by measuring these proteins.
Personality characteristics of juvenile delinquents: Comparison of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent scale scores in sex offenders and non-sex offenders

Introduction: Sex offences in adolescents are among offences that impose considerable material and social costs. Thus, it is imperative to identify the characteristics of adolescent offenders. The purpose of this study is to compare the validity and clinical scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventoryadolescence (MMPI-A) in sexual and non-sexual juvenile delinquents. Materials and Methods: This causal-comparative study was carried out in the Correction Center of Tehran, Iran, in 2014. Numbers of 86 non-sexual and 20 sexual juvenile delinquents were selected through convenience sampling. Both groups filled out the MMPI-A scale. Multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to analyze data. Results: The mean scores for all subscales were higher in sexual delinquents; however, this difference was only significant for clinical subscale of depression (P=0.03) and validity subscale of in-frequency type 1 (P=0.04) subscales. Conclusion: In most of the MMPI-A subscales (those that describe personal characteristics and emotional adjustment) sexual juvenile delinquents were not significantly different from nonsexual juvenile delinquents. However, sexual delinquents scored higher in subscales which show lower overall life satisfaction, hopelessness, and unhappiness. These results can be used in further assessment and treatment of this group of delinquents.
Restoring Poissonian Images by a Combined First-Order and Second-Order Variation Approach

The restoration of blurred images corrupted by Poisson noise is an important topic in imaging science. The problem has recently received considerable attention in recent years. In this paper, we propose a combined first-order and second-order variation model to restore blurred images corrupted by Poisson noise. Our model can substantially reduce the staircase effect, while preserving edges in the restored images, since it combines advantages of the first-order and second-order total variation. We study the issues of existence and uniqueness of a minimizer for this variational model. Moreover, we employ a gradient descent method to solve the associated Euler-Lagrange equation. Numerical results demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed method for Poisson noise removal problem.
The Factors Affecting Jordanians Housewives Consumption Behavior: A Qualitative Approach

Based on the findings of semi-structured interviews with (N=129) Jordanian housewives, this study examined the psychological, social, and marketing influences on the purchase and consumption behavior of Jordanian housewives. Overall, the findings of this study showed that the purchase decisions of the housewives were motivated by necessity to satisfy basic needs and the family appeared to be the main influencer affecting the housewife purchase decision. With regards to the factors prohibiting consumption, inflation appeared to be the main factor discouraging housewives from making purchases. A number of managerial implications and suggestions are also presented.
Absolute and Convective Instability of the African Easterly Jet

AbstractThe stability of the African easterly jet (AEJ) is examined using idealized numerical simulations. It is found that a zonally homogeneous representation of the AEJ can support absolute instability in the form of African easterly waves (AEWs). This finding is verified through a local energy budget, which demonstrates the presence of both upstream and downstream energy fluxes. These energy fluxes allow unstable wave packets to spread upstream and downstream relative to their initial point of excitation. This finding is further verified by showing that the ground-relative group velocity of these wave packets has both eastward and westward components. In contrast with normal-mode instability theory, which emphasizes wave growth through energy extraction from the basic state, the life cycle of the simulated AEWs is strongly governed by energy fluxes. Convergent fluxes at the beginning of the AEW storm track generate new AEWs, whereas divergent fluxes at the end of the storm track lead to their decay. I.
Comparing communities of inquiry of Portuguese higher education students: one for all or one for each?

The purpose of this study was to report evidence obtained in a survey based on the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework (Garrison, Anderson & Archer, 1991; 2000) carried out in different groups. The study comprised 510 higher education students enrolled in blended online courses offered through Moodle platform during one semester. It considered students from different private and public Portuguese polytechnic schools and universities. Moreira & Almeida (2011) have suggested that CoI framework is a valid, reliable, and efficient measure of its dimensions within the Portuguese population. Although similarities in aspects of social presence were discovered among polytechnic and universities students, the two groups showed some differences. In particular, it was observed that the polytechnic students appear to be a more robust community when compared to university students.
Dive depth and plumage air in wettable birds: the extraordinary case of the imperial cormorant

Cormorants are considered to be remarkably efficient divers and hunters. In part, this is due to their wettable plumage with little associated air, which allows them to dive with fewer energetic costs associated with buoyancy from air in the feathers. The literature attributes particularly exceptional diving capabilities to cormorants of the ‘blue-eyed’ taxon. We studied the diving behaviour of 14 male imperial cormorants Phalacrocorax atriceps (included in the blue-eyed taxon) in Patagonia, Argentina, and found that this species did indeed dive deeper, and for longer, than most other non-blue-eyed cormorant species. This species also exhibited longer dive durations for any depth as well as longer recovery periods at the surface for particular dive durations. We propose that this, coupled with atypically long foraging durations at sea in cold water, suggests that cormorants of the blue-eyed complex have a plumage with a substantial layer of insulating air. This is given credence by a simple model. High volumes of plumage air lead to unusually high power requirements during foraging in shallow, warmer waters, which are conditions that tend to favour wettable plumage. However, deep dives and/or cold water should favour the blue-eyed phenotype, which explains their essentially high latitude distribution.
Mathematical Understanding and Proving Abilities: Experiment With Undergraduate Student By Using Modified Moore Learning Approach

This paper reports findings of a post test experimental control group design conducted to investigate the role of modified Moore learning approach on improving students’ mathematical understanding and proving abilities. Subject of study were 56 undergradute students of one state university in Bandung, who took advanced abstract algebra course. Instrument of study were a set test of mathematical understanding ability, a set test of mathematical proving ability, and a set of students’ opinion scale on modified Moore learning approach. Data were analyzed by using two path ANOVA. The study found that proof construction process was more difficult than mathematical understanding task for all students, and students still posed some difficulties on constructing mathematical proof task. The study also found there were not differences between students’ abilities on mathematical understanding and on proving abilities of the both classes, and both abilities were classified as mediocre. However, in modified Moore learning approach class there were more students who got above average grades on mathematical understanding than those of conventional class. Moreover, students performed positive opinion toward modified Moore learning approach. They were active in questioning and solving problems, and in explaining their works in front of class as well, while students of conventional teaching prefered to listen to lecturer’s explanation. The study also found that there was no interaction between learning approach and students’ prior mathematics ability on mathematical understanding and proving abilities, but there were quite strong association between students’ mathematical understanding and proving abilities.
The effect of simulated acid rain on microbial community structure in decomposing leaf litter

Acid deposition is one of the most serious environmental problems in ecosystems. The present study surveyed the effects of simulated acid rain on leaf litter mass loss and microbial community in the decomposing leaf litter of Sorbus anifolia in a microcosm at 23°C and 40% humidity. Microbial biomass was measured by substrate-induced respiration (SIR) and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), and the microbial community structures were determined by composition of PLFAs at each interval of decomposition in litter sample and at each pH treatment. The microbial biomass showed peaks at midstage of decomposition, decreasing at the late stage. The leaf litter mass loss of S. anifolia decreased with decreasing pH during early and mid- decomposition stages; however the mass loss becomes similar between pH treatments at late-decomposition stage. The acidification remarkably lowers the microbial biomass of bacteria and fungi; however, microbial diversity was unchanged between pH treatments at each stage of litter decomposition. With changes of decomposition stage and pH treatment there were considerable differences in replacement and compensation of microbial species. Fungi/bacteria ratio was considerably changed by pH treatment. The PLFA profile showed significantly larger fungi/bacteria ratio at pH 5 than pH 3 at the early stage of decomposition, and the difference becomes smaller at the later decomposition stage. At low pH, pH 3 and pH 4, the fungi/bacteria ratios were stable according to the litter decomposition stages. Simulated acid rain caused decreases of 10Me17:0, 16:1ω7c, 18:1ω7, 15:0, but increase of 24:0. In addition, litter mass loss showed significant positive correlation with microbial biomass measured by SIR and PLFA on the decomposing leaf litter.
A Note on Shock Persistence in Total Factor Productivity Growth

We study implications of persistence of shocks in total factor productivity (TFP) growth under Bayesian framework for a set of African countries over the period 1970-2003. Contrary to convention, we find that stochastic unit root is present for most of the African countries and that there is time-varying dependence structure in the underlying processes. The implication of our finding is that the persistence process governing TFP series is non-linear, stationary for some period and (mildly) explosive for others pointing to the fact that linear policy rules to counteract stochastic shocks in TFP may not prove useful. The repeat of TFP cycles is traced to this behaviour.