Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bile duct brushings cytology – improving sensitivity of diagnosis using the ThinPrep® technique: a review of 113 cases

Objective: Common bile duct (CBD) brushings have been recognized as a technique of moderate sensitivity and high specificity in identifying carcinoma of the ampulla and pancreatico‐biliary regions. This study evaluated the increase in sensitivity of this technique using the ThinPrep® technique of specimen preparation when compared with conventional cytology smears.
“A Passage to India”: Pre-trained Word Embeddings for Indian Languages

Dense word vectors or ‘word embeddings’ which encode semantic properties of words, have now become integral to NLP tasks like Machine Translation (MT), Question Answering (QA), Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD), and Information Retrieval (IR). In this paper, we use various existing approaches to create multiple word embeddings for 14 Indian languages. We place these embeddings for all these languages, viz., Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Konkani, Malayalam, Marathi, Nepali, Odiya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Tamil, and Telugu in a single repository. Relatively newer approaches that emphasize catering to context (BERT, ELMo, etc.) have shown significant improvements, but require a large amount of resources to generate usable models. We release pre-trained embeddings generated using both contextual and non-contextual approaches. We also use MUSE and XLM to train cross-lingual embeddings for all pairs of the aforementioned languages. To show the efficacy of our embeddings, we evaluate our embedding models on XPOS, UPOS and NER tasks for all these languages. We release a total of 436 models using 8 different approaches. We hope they are useful for the resource-constrained Indian language NLP. The title of this paper refers to the famous novel “A Passage to India” by E.M. Forster, published initially in 1924.
Composition of adipose tissue and marrow fat in humans by 1H NMR at 7 Tesla*

Proton NMR spectroscopy at 7 Tesla (7T) was evaluated as a new method to quantify human fat composition noninvasively. In validation experiments, the composition of a known mixture of triolein, tristearin, and trilinolein agreed well with measurements by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Triglycerides in calf subcutaneous tissue and tibial bone marrow were examined in 20 healthy subjects by 1H spectroscopy. Ten well-resolved proton resonances from triglycerides were detected using stimulated echo acquisition mode sequence and small voxel (∼0.1 ml), and T1 and T2 were measured. Triglyceride composition was not different between calf subcutaneous adipose tissue and tibial marrow for a given subject, and its variation among subjects, as a result of diet and genetic differences, fell in a narrow range. After correction for differential relaxation effects, the marrow fat composition was 29.1 ± 3.5% saturated, 46.4 ± 4.8% monounsaturated, and 24.5 ± 3.1% diunsaturated, compared with adipose fat composition, 27.1 ± 4.2% saturated, 49.6 ± 5.7% monounsaturated, and 23.4 ± 3.9% diunsaturated. Proton spectroscopy at 7T offers a simple, fast, noninvasive, and painless method for obtaining detailed information about lipid composition in humans, and the sensitivity and resolution of the method may facilitate longitudinal monitoring of changes in lipid composition in response to diet, exercise, and disease.
Do you Feel Certain about your Annotation? A Web-based Semantic Frame Annotation Tool Considering Annotators’ Concerns and Behaviors

In this system demonstration paper, we present an open-source web-based application with a responsive design for modular semantic frame annotation (SFA). Besides letting experienced and inexperienced users do suggestion-based and slightly-controlled annotations, the system keeps track of the time and changes during the annotation process and stores the users’ confidence with the current annotation. This collected metadata can be used to get insights regarding the difficulty of an annotation with the same type or frame or can be used as an input of an annotation cost measurement for an active learning algorithm. The tool was already used to build a manually annotated corpus with semantic frames and its arguments for task 2 of SemEval 2019 regarding unsupervised lexical frame induction (QasemiZadeh et al., 2019). Although English sentences from the Wall Street Journal corpus of the Penn Treebank were annotated for this task, it is also possible to use the proposed tool for the annotation of sentences in other languages.
Czech Historical Named Entity Corpus v 1.0

As the number of digitized archival documents increases very rapidly, named entity recognition (NER) in historical documents has become very important for information extraction and data mining. For this task an annotated corpus is needed, which has up to now been missing for Czech. In this paper we present a new annotated data collection for historical NER, composed of Czech historical newspapers. This corpus is freely available for research purposes. For this corpus, we have defined relevant domain-specific named entity types and created an annotation manual for corpus labelling. We further conducted some experiments on this corpus using recurrent neural networks. We experimented with randomly initialized embeddings and static and dynamic fastText word embeddings. We achieved 0.73 F1 score with a bidirectional LSTM model using static fastText embeddings.
Sequential connection and phase control of a high-current rectifier optimized for copper electrowinning applications

This paper proposes an optimized sequential control technique for copper electrowinning high-current rectifiers. The converter comprises two series-connected six-pulse double-wye rectifiers, a step-down transformer, and a tuned input filter. The six-pulse rectifiers are fed from delta and polygon primary windings with different turns ratio and phase shifted by 5/spl deg/. Under the proposed control scheme, one rectifier is kept at nominal output voltage, and the other one is phase controlled to control the load's current. The proposed strategy greatly improves the rectifier's performance, reducing its reactive power maximum demand by 62% compared to conventional rectifiers and, therefore, reduces the input filters power rating also by 62%. This is accomplished while keeping the input power factor above 0.95 throughout the whole operating range. Further, the converter's reactive power consumption presents a low varying characteristic, allowing it to use a fixed filter, even when operating from a power system not capable of withstanding large reactive power variations. Finally, it presents a harmonic current distortion comparable to conventional 12-pulse high-current rectifiers. This paper presents the design and optimization procedure of the rectifying system. A 2.5 kVA laboratory prototype was used to validate the converter model, later employed in evaluating the converter operating in a 10.5 MVA copper electrowinning facility. The results obtained confirm the advantages of the proposed converter and its control strategy.
[D2 lymph node dissection in gastric cancer surgery: long term results--analysis of an experience with 227 patients].

AIM The main objective of the study was to evaluate the postoperative mortality and 5 year survival in gastric cancer patients undergoing a minimum of D2 lymphadenectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on 1170 patients operated for gastric adenocarcinoma in the Department of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation of Fundeni Clinical Institute, between 1997 and April 2005. Only 443 patients underwent a curative resection, from which 216 patients had D1 resection and in 227 cases a D2 or D3/D4 lymphadenectomy was performed. Information about survival was available for 189 patients of those who had a D1 resection and for 210 of those who underwent a D2 or D3/D4 lymphadenectomy. RESULTS Postoperative mortality was 6.5% in the group of curative resection, with 9.2% for D1 and 3.9% for D2/D3 D4. Five year survival according to Kaplan Meier curves was 32 % in the D1 group vs. 51,8% in D2/D3-D4 (p <0.0001). Significant differences were noted in the median survival-- D2/D3-D4 group 63 months vs. 28 months in D1 group. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the gastric resection with a minimum of D2 lymphadenectomy in the radical surgery of gastric cancer. However, an accurate interpretation of the statistical interpretation between the different groups of patients is difficult, mainly because of the retrospective character of the study.
The effects of human recombinant tumor necrosis factor on glioma‐derived cell lines: Cellular proliferation, cytotoxicity, morphological and radioreceptor studies

To determine whether tumor necrosis factor is of potential value for the treatment of human malignant gliomas, we studied the effects of human recombinant tumor necrosis factor (rTNF‐α) on the morphology, incorporation of tritiated thymidine, and proliferation of 5 established cell lines derived from human malignant gliomas and 3 normal human brain cell cultures. A radioreceptor analysis for rTNF‐n was performed on all cell fines and cultures. Two of the 5 human glioma cell lines (SF‐188 and U 343 MG‐A) demonstrated a marked decrease (60% or less of untreated controls) in the uptake of tritiated thymidine when treated with rTNF‐α at a concentration of 40 U/ml; rTNF‐α at 100 U/ml had antiprolif‐erative and cytotoxic effects on both cell lines. The growth and proliferation of cell tines SF‐126 and U 251 MG were not affected by rTNF‐α even at high concentrations (5,000 U/ml). The growth and proliferation of SF‐S39 were affected to an intermediate degree. A colony‐forming efficiency assay corroborated the results of the proliferation studies: SF‐126 was relatively resistant (surviving fraction of 0.9 at 500 U/ml) and SF‐188 was relatively sensitive (surviving fraction of 0.08 at 500 U/ml) to the cytotoxic effects of rTNF‐α. Time‐sequence electron microscopy showed that rTNF‐α at a concentration of 500 U/ml caused ultrastructural changes in SF‐ 188, including increased intracytoplasmic vesiculation, swelling and degeneration of mitochondria, loss of cell:cell junctions! complexes, and fragmentation of the plasma membrane. Studies with 125I‐rTNF‐α showed a variable degree of binding in all cell lines and cultures. SF‐188, a highly sensitive cell line, demonstrated the strongest binding of 125I‐rTNF‐α (3,400 receptors/ cell with high affinity; kd = 0.27 nm), while SF‐126, a highly resistant cell line, had the weakest binding (809 receptors/cell; kd = 0.25 nm). We conclude that there is a spectrum of anti‐proliferative and cytotoxic activity among glioma‐derived tumor cell lines exposed to rTNF‐α. An increased number of rTNF‐α receptors appears to be a necessary but insufficient condition to explain the antiproliferative effects observed in some glioma‐derived cell lines.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Rural Mothers about Home-Related Injuries in a Rural Area in El-Minia Governorate, Egypt

Background: unintentional injury remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide. Objectives: to measure the incidence and types of home injuries affecting rural children aged up to 12 years and to assess their mother's knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) about the first aids. Methods: this cross-sectional descriptive study included 283 mothers from Damares village, El-Minia, Egypt. Structured interview sheet was developed containing data about socio-demographic characteristics and the mother's KAP towards home injuries. Results: it was found that 39.8% of the children suffered from home injuries at the previous 8 weeks. About 30% of the injured children were aged ≤3years and over 63% of them were males. Cut/wound represented the highest percentage of home injury (48%) followed by fracture/fall (36%) and burn (11.9%). The study revealed that 22.3% of mothers did not know the term of first aid, most of them were illiterate. The main source of the mothers' knowledge was from television (38.5%). The practices of mothers towards the children home injuries were increased better with increasing educational level. The older the mother was the better the practice in case of home injuries. The mother’s level of education, source of knowledge about first aid, older age and occupation were significant predictors of KAP score among the studied mothers (p<0.001). Conclusions: the well educated and the older mothers have better knowledge, attitude and practice regarding home injuries than other mothers.
Social support and youth physical activity: the role of provider and type.

OBJECTIVE To examine provider and type variation in social support (SS) for activity. METHODS Three hundred sixty-three fifth to eighth-grade students completed a questionnaire assessing self-reported activity and social support (SS) from 3 providers: mom, dad, and peers. Important covariates of activity were included in the analysis: age, BMI, sex, and maturation. RESULTS Structural equation modeling indicated peers, transportation, and praise affected activity levels. Boys reported greater SS than girls did. Maturation, age, and BMI exhibited unique affects on SS. CONCLUSIONS Increasing positive feedback, transportation to places to be active, and peer support may prove advantageous in improving activity levels in this age-group.
Blood volume is normal after pre‐operative overnight fasting

Background: Pre‐operative fasting is assumed to cause a deficit in intravascular blood volume (BV), as a result of ongoing urine production and insensible perspiration. Standard regimes consist of volume loading prior or simultaneous to any anaesthetic procedure to minimise the risk of hypotension. However, fluid overload in the context of major abdominal surgery has been shown to deteriorate patient outcome. Our study aimed to quantify total intravascular BV after fasting by direct measurements and to compare it with calculated normal values in comparable non‐fasted patients.
Effect of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation on Body Water Content and Distribution in Lambs

Water content of the various body compartments were estimated immediately after beginning extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and daily thereafter for 3 days, in seven healthy 2-month-old lambs. Total body water, extracellular water, and plasma volume were estimated simultaneously by 18O, bromide, and T-1824 dilution, respectively. Volumes of intracellular water, interstitial water, blood, and red cells were calculated from the experimental estimates. No statistically significant changes occurred in the water content of the various body compartments in relation to duration of ECMO. The data suggest that water retention, clinically noted in human neonates treated with ECMO for persistent pulmonary hypertension, may be related to the primary disease process and/or its medical management, rather than to ECMO.
Deficiency of essential dietary n-3 PUFA disrupts the caecal microbiome and metabolome in mice

Abstract n-3 PUFA are lipids that play crucial roles in immune-regulation, cardio-protection and neurodevelopment. However, little is known about the role that these essential dietary fats play in modulating caecal microbiota composition and the subsequent production of functional metabolites. To investigate this, female C57BL/6 mice were assigned to one of three diets (control (CON), n-3 supplemented (n3+) or n-3 deficient (n3−)) during gestation, following which their male offspring were continued on the same diets for 12 weeks. Caecal content of mothers and offspring were collected for 16S sequencing and metabolic phenotyping. n3− male offspring displayed significantly less % fat mass than n3+ and CON. n-3 Status also induced a number of changes to gut microbiota composition such that n3− offspring had greater abundance of Tenericutes, Anaeroplasma and Coriobacteriaceae. Metabolomics analysis revealed an increase in caecal metabolites involved in energy metabolism in n3+ including α-ketoglutaric acid, malic acid and fumaric acid. n3− animals displayed significantly reduced acetate, butyrate and total caecal SCFA production. These results demonstrate that dietary n-3 PUFA regulate gut microbiota homoeostasis whereby n-3 deficiency may induce a state of disturbance. Further studies are warranted to examine whether these microbial and metabolic disturbances are causally related to changes in metabolic health outcomes.
Development of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in hepatitis B surface antigen negative HIV/HBV co‐infected adults: A rare opportunistic illness

Changes in serologic status in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co‐infected individuals with either isolated anti‐HBc or resolved HBV infection have been reported, but the frequency of clinically meaningful long‐term serologic changes is not well‐defined. This study therefore, examined longitudinal serologic status for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐negative HIV/HBV co‐infected participants in a large cohort. Among 5,222 cohort participants, 347 (7%) were initially isolated anti‐HBc positive, and 1,073 (21%) had resolved HBV infection (concurrently reactive for anti‐HBc and anti‐HBs). Thirty‐three (10%) of the 347 participants with isolated anti‐HBc were later positive for HBsAg at least once, compared with 3 (0.3%) of those with resolved HBV (P < 0.001). A total of 14 participants became persistently positive for HBsAg and were thus classified as having late‐onset chronic HBV infection at a median of 3.7 years after initial HBV diagnosis. For those initially with HBsAg‐negative HIV/HBV co‐infection, the rate of late‐onset chronic HBV infection was 1.39/1,000 person‐years. Those with late‐onset chronic HBV infection experienced significant decreases in CD4 cell counts (P = 0.002) with a mean of 132 cells/µl at the time of late‐onset chronic HBV infection, but no factor distinguished those who were positive for HBsAg only once from those that developed late‐onset chronic HBV infection. Over a median of 2.9 years following late‐onset chronic HBV infection, 3 of 14 subsequently lost HBsAg. The occurrence of late‐onset chronic HBV infection in HBsAg negative HIV/HBV co‐infected adults appears to be one important, albeit rare, clinical event seen almost exclusively in those with isolated anti‐HBc and low CD4 cell count. J. Med. Virol. 83:1537–1543, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Asymmetrical $\Gamma$-Source Inverters

Impedance-source inverters are inverters with voltage-buck-boost capability that cannot be achieved by the traditional inverters. Their boost capability is introduced by shorting their phase legs without causing damages. Impedance-source inverters are therefore less prone to false triggering caused by electromagnetic interference. Present impedance-source inverters are, however, burdened by their low modulation ratio at high input-to-output gain. Such low modulation usually leads to high-voltage stresses across the components and poor spectral performance at the inverter output. To avoid these problems, inverters with coupled transformers have been introduced, but they usually lead to high turns ratio, and hence many winding turns, at high gain. An alternative would then be the asymmetrical Γ-source inverters proposed in this paper, whose gain is raised by lowering their turns ratio toward unity. The input current drawn by the proposed inverters is smoother and, hence, more adaptable by the source. Theories and experimental results have been presented in this paper for validating the concepts proposed.
Comparison of Internet Traffic Classification Tools

What is the best traffic classification method to date? Under what conditions? Why? Despite a plethora of research devoted to traffic classification and a variety of proposed traf fic classification methods, the research community still does n ot have definitive answers to these questions, and the task of tr affic classification remains unapproachable and confusing for a practitioner. Rigorous comparison of various classification methods is challenging for three reasons. First, there is no publicly a vailable payload trace set, so every method is evaluated using a different set of locally collected payload traces. Second, existing approaches use different techniques that track diff erent features, tune different parameters and use different defin itions and categorization of applications. Third, more often than not, authors do not make their developed implementation codes pu blicly available once they publish their results. To address these challenges, we have conducted a comprehensive and coherent evaluation of three traffic classificat ion approaches: port-based, behavior-based, and statistical . For each approach we selected a representative tool to test: Cor alReef [1], BLINC [4], and WEKA [2], correspondingly. In this paper we present the results of our comparison, debunk traffi c classification myths, identify caveats, and suggest practi c l tips.
Functional gliding spaces of the dorsal side of the human hand

The clinical and functional importance of gliding spaces of the hand (e.g., their role in the spread of infection or as a consideration in reconstructive surgery) has been repeatedly emphasized. However, only a few studies have provided details regarding the connective tissue spaces in the metacarpal region of the dorsal side of the human hand. The aim of the present study was to analyze the morphology and elucidate the anatomic relation of functional gliding spaces in the metacarpal region on the dorsal side of the human hand in order to provide a better understanding of function, and of clinical disorders and their treatment. To delineate these spaces we used a plastic (Acrifix 90®) injection method. Twenty fixed and unfixed cadaver hands were subcutaneously injected with Acrifix 90® (a methacrylate) into the metacarpophalangeal transitional region and into the tendon sheaths of the extensor muscles. Different colors were used to distinguish one injected plastic solution from another. The spreading pattern of the injected medium was analyzed by careful dissection. To delineate the exact bordering structures and the topography of the injected spaces, two hands were plastinated using the E12/E6 technique (von Hagens et al., Anat Embryol 1987;175:411–421), and one hand was injected and embedded in Technovit 7100® for histological investigations. Injecting the plastic into the metacarpophalangeal transitional region of fingers II–IV in a disto‐proximal direction, the solution spreads along the surface of the separate extensor tendons. It then coalesces 1–2 cm proximal to the injection points to form a continuous plastic plate, which protrudes between and on top of the previous injected tendon sheaths. In no case was a communication between the paratendinous tissue and the tendon sheaths observed. Laterally, the injected solution is delimited at the radial side of the extensor tendon of the second finger and at the ulnar side of the extensor tendon of the fourth finger. Using the described technique at the fifth finger yields a plastic plate that extends from the injection point to the tendon sheath. However, in two specimens a connection between the plastic injected into the tendon sheath of the fifth finger, and the distal injected solution was observed. Anat Rec 267:242–251, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.