Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is passive smoking associated with sleep disturbance among pregnant women?

STUDY OBJECTIVE Pregnant women suffer from sleep disturbance, which may be aggravated by passive smoking. In this study we investigated the effects of passive smoking on sleep disturbance during pregnancy. DESIGN Two cross-sectional questionnaire surveys conducted in 2002 and 2006. SETTING Clinical institutions specializing in obstetrics and gynecology that participated in the nationwide surveys: 260 in the 2002 survey and 344 in the 2006 survey. PARTICIPANTS 16,396 and 19,386 pregnant women in Japan surveyed in 2002 and 2006, respectively. INTERVENTION N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Pregnant women exposed to passive smoking were likely to have sleep disturbances, such as subjective insufficient sleep, difficulty in initiating sleep, short sleep duration, and snoring loudly/breathing uncomfortably. Smoking pregnant women had the same sleep disturbances and also experienced excessive daytime sleepiness and early morning awakening. The prevalence of 5 types of sleep disturbance (insufficient sleep, difficulty in initiating sleep, short sleep duration, excessive daytime sleepiness, and snoring loudly/breathing uncomfortably) among nonsmokers with environmental tobacco smoke showed a mean value intermediate between that of active smokers and that of nonsmokers without environmental tobacco smoke. CONCLUSION Passive smoking is independently associated with increased sleep disturbance during pregnancy.
Surrogate-Model-Based Analysis of Analog Circuits—Part I: Variability Analysis

In this paper, an integrated variability and reliability analysis method based on surrogate models is introduced. The surrogate models here are response surfaces that describe a parametrized complex analytic function. Surrogate models are developed for the drain currents of 65-nm NMOS and PMOS devices in terms of critical process components, terminal voltages, temperature, and time and are based on BSIM model equations. A simulation technique is developed which incorporates the effect of process variations into the design procedure. These models and techniques are verified using circuit simulations of a single transistor and differential amplifier designs.
Identification and Genotyping of Vibrio ordalii: A Comparison of Different Methods

The phenotypical, serological, and molecular identification of Vibrio ordalii isolates recovered from diseased gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) in the Mediterranean area were investigated. Most isolates had similar phenotypic characteristics, but some showed small differentiation in biochemical analysis. Both slide agglutination and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that the isolates were antigenically homogeneous and no different serotypes were detected. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the structure of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was heterogeneous, that outer membrane proteins (OMP) display homogeneous grouping protein banding patterns, and that the LPS profile of the isolates had different banding patterns. However, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis revealed genetic variation (up to 90.4%) among isolates of the same species.
An over view on the causes, types and role of hormones in fish migration

In terrestrial and aquatic organisms, migration is a very common phenomenon that occurs both on diel and seasonal bases either for, reproduc- tion, feeding or refuge seeking from predators or adverse climatic conditions. Migration is triggers by various extrinsic factors such as, precipitation, water level, current and discharge, lunar cycle, photoperiod, temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, turbidity and water color, fish density, hunger and appa- rition of certain insects. The intrinsic factors such as, thyroxin, prolactin, growth hormone, somatolactin, insulin like growth factor -1(IGF-1), gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T), ll-ketotestosterone (11KT), estradiol-17β (E2) and 17α, 20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) has either a direct or indirect role in triggering fish migration. For fish, migration is very essential for their ex- istence, as a single habitat cannot provide abundant of food and ideal environmental conditions for long times. Man has interrupted fish migration by con- structing dams, culverts and weirs that break stream continuity. Water pollution and certain toxicant not only altered the physical and chemical properties of water but also negatively affects the olfactory, lateral line organs, metabolism and swimming performance, leading to delay or migration failure. Migration delay or failure is a key factor for species extinction and reduces the availability of fish for human consumption.
The Early Diagnosis of Sacroiliac Joint Infections in Children

Abstract: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and imaging studies of 15 children with infections of the sacroiliac joint to determine the usefulness of specific examinations and studies to aid in the early diagnosis of this condition. The clinical presentation, physical examination findings, pertinent laboratory data, and imaging studies were reviewed. Thirteen patients (87%) were febrile at the time of presentation. One patient presented in septic shock requiring intubation and critical care management. Tenderness to palpation over the sacroiliac joint was present in all 9 patients who had this examination performed, and the flexion abduction external rotation test was positive in 10 of 12 patients (83%) who had this test done. Laboratory indicators of infection were elevated in most patients, and 6 patients (46%) had positive blood cultures, most commonly growing Staphylococcus aureus. Initial conventional radiographs were negative in all but 1 patient. Radionuclide 99-m-technetium bone scans were positive in 7 of 10 patients (70%), and magnetic resonance imaging studies were ultimately positive in 13 of 14 patients (93%). However, within the first 6 days after the onset of symptoms, only 5 of 8 bone scans (63%) and 5 of 9 magnetic resonance imaging studies (57%) were consistent with infection. We conclude that while diagnostic imaging studies are ultimately helpful in confirming the diagnosis of sacroiliac joint infections in children, studies made within 6 days of the onset of symptoms may not always confirm the diagnosis. The early diagnosis of this condition is best made on the basis of clinical and laboratory findings. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Study, level IV (Case series [no, or historical control group]).
Efficient identification of non-Gaussian mixtures

Non-Gaussian mixtures are commonly used as parametric models for impulsive interference superimposed on a Gaussian background. In this study, the problem of efficient batch and recursive estimation of the parameters of such mixtures via minimization of the Kullback-Leibler distance is considered. The maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE) provides the starting point for the development of these estimators. First, it is shown that the MLE yields consistent estimates of the parameters, despite the existence of multiple roots in the Kullback-Leibler distance function. Since direct implementation of the MLE is difficult, an alternative estimator, designed with the objective of maximizing the likelihood function, is proposed. A simulation study of the proposed estimator reveals that it performs very well in terms of attaining the Cramer-Rao lower bound. Stochastic approximation is also considered in this study. A "complete data" modification to the standard recursion is presented, which greatly facilitates its implementation. Three initiating estimators are developed for these recursions: an iterative likelihood-based scheme, a batch estimator that uses a histogram of the data, and an iterative scheme that integrates the concept of complete data into the method-of-moments estimator. Upon initiating the modified stochastic approximation recursion with these estimators, it is seen that excellent estimates of the parameters can be obtained.
Multiphysic Modeling of a High-Speed Interior Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machine for a Multiobjective Optimal Design

High-speed electric drive design is concerned with paying particular attention to thermal and mechanical design of the machine. Therefore, this paper proposes a multiphysic modeling of an interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) dedicated to high speed, including magnetic, electric, thermal, and mechanical aspects. The proposed analytical models are verified using finite-element (FE) computations. These models are then subjected to a multiobjective optimization-based on genetic algorithm-to design an IPMSM for a high-speed compressor application that develops 30 kW at 20 000 r/min. The design is formulated as a constrained optimization problem consisting of maximizing the machine efficiency while minimizing its weight. The result of this process is a Pareto front between efficiency and weight of the machine allowing the designer to make a posteriori choice. A particular optimal machine is chosen and its performances are validated with FE analysis. This study carries out an optimal multiphysic and multiobjective design approach that allows rationalization of the design process in a realistic computation time thanks to the analytical models involved.
Kenny–Caffey syndrome: an Arab variant?

We describe 2 unrelated Bedouin girls who met the criteria for the diagnosis of Kenny–Caffey syndrome. The girls had some unusual features – microcephaly and psychomotor retardation – that distinguish the Kenny–Caffey syndrome profile in Arab children from the classical Kenny–Caffey syndrome phenotype characterized by macrocephaly and normal intelligence. The 2 girls did not harbor the 22q11 microdeletion (the hallmark of the DiGeorge cluster of diseases) that we previously reported in another Bedouin family with the Kenny–Caffey syndrome (Sabry et al. J Med Genet 1998: 35(1): 31–36). This indicates considerable genetic heterogeneity for this syndrome. We also review previously reported 44 Arab/Bedouin patients with the same profile of hypo‐parathyroidism, short stature, seizures, mental retardation and microcephaly. Our results suggest that these patients represent an Arab variant of Kenny–Caffey syndrome with characteristic microcephaly and psychomotor retardation. We suggest that all patients with Kenny–Caffey syndrome should be investigated for the 22q11 microdeletion. Other possible genetic causes for the Kenny–Caffey syndrome or its Arab variant include chromosome 10p abnormalities.
Lipid accumulation and acid lipase deficiency in fibroblasts from a family with Wolman's disease, and their apparent correction in vitro.

Abstract We have previously demonstrated lipid accumulation in fibroblasts cultured from skin biopsies of two children with Wolman's disease. This study was designed to confirm that finding, to measure acid lipase activity of cultured fibroblasts, and to attempt to reduce intracellular accumulation of lipid by a complementation technique. Skin fibroblasts from both patients and their parents showed histochemical evidence of fat accumulation after 3 months in culture. No such change was seen in 7 control subjects. When these cells were assayed for acid lipase activity, 1 child (AD) had much lower levels than the 7 control subjects, while the parents' values were intermediate. No enzyme studies were carried out on the cells from the other child (FD). An autosomal recessive mode of inheritance is postulated. When fat-laden fibroblasts from both patients and the father were exposed for 1 to 2 weeks to media preincubated with normal cells, lipid accumulation demonstrable by fat stains was greatly diminished but returned on withdrawal of the corrective medium.
A Lichen Lectin Specifically Binds to the α-1,4-Polygalactoside Moiety of Urease Located in the Cell Wall of Homologous Algae

A lectin from the lichen Evernia prunastri developing arginase activity (EC. 3.5.3.1) binds to the homologous algae that contain polygalactosilated urease (EC. 3.5.1.5) in their cell walls acting as a lectin ligand. The enzyme bound to its ligand shows to be inactive to hydrolyze of arginine. Hydrolysis of the galactoside moiety of urease in intact algae with α-1,4-galactosidase (EC. 3.2.1.22) releases high amount of D-galactose and impedes the binding of the lectin to the algal cell wall. However, the use of β-,4-galactosidase (EC.3.2.1.23) releases low amounts of D-galactose from the algal cell wall and does not change the pattern of binding of the lectin to its ligand. The production of glycosilated urease is restricted to the season in which algal cells divide and this assures the recognition of new phycobiont produced after cell division by its fungal partner.
Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Phyllanthus niruri L.: A Review

Phyllanthus niruri, a typical member of family Euphorbiaceae, is a small annual herb found throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres. The genus Phyllanthus has been used in traditional medicine for its wide range of pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antiinflammatory, antiplasmodial, antiviral, diuretic and hepatoprotective. This review summarizes the information about morphological, biochemical, ethanobotanical, pharmacological, biological and toxicological activities with special emphasis on mechanism of anticancer activity of P. niruri. Gaps in previous studies such as taxonomic inconsistency of P. niruri, novel phytochemicals and their therapeutic properties, especially mechanisms of anticancerous activity and market products available, have been looked into and addressed. Scientific information related to 83 phytochemicals (including many novel compounds detected recently by the authors) has been provided in a very comprehensive manner. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correction of compliance errors in the dynamic shear modulus of bituminous binders data

The dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) is one of the most complex and powerful instruments currently used to characterise the linear viscoelastic (LVE) rheological properties of bituminous binders. However, the DSR also has its limitations in that the measured complex modulus data are exposed to errors, known as compliance (testing) errors, particularly at low temperatures and/or high frequencies. This study was conducted to investigate the validity of equations developed by Schroter and associates on complex modulus data collected using the DSR. The equations used were originally developed based on the calibration of the advanced rheometric expanse system (ARES) rheometer. It was found that those equations are able to satisfactorily correct the data on unmodified bitumens and unaged bitumen-filler mastics, including unaged and aged samples. Similar results were also observed for storage and loss moduli master curves. Finally, the 2S2P1D Model was used to calibrate the corrected complex moduli data and it was found that the model satisfactorily simulates the rheological properties of tested samples.
Diagnosing depression in Alzheimer disease with the national institute of mental health provisional criteria.

OBJECTIVE To compare the rates of depression in Alzheimer Disease (AD) determined using National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) provisional criteria for depression in AD (NIMH-dAD) to those determined using other established depression assessment tools. DESIGN Descriptive longitudinal cohort study. SETTING The Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers of California. PARTICIPANTS A cohort of 101 patients meeting NINDS-ADRDA criteria for possible/probable AD, intentionally selected to increase the frequency of depression at baseline. MEASUREMENTS Depression was diagnosed at baseline and after 3 months using NIMH-dAD criteria and the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) Axis I Disorders. Depressive symptoms also were assessed with the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire. RESULTS The baseline frequency of depression using NIMH-dAD criteria (44%) was higher than that obtained using DSM-IV criteria for major depression (14%; Z = -5.50, df = 101, p <0.001) and major or minor depression (36%; Z = -2.86, df = 101, p = 0.021) or using established cut-offs for the CSDD (30%; Z = -2.86, df = 101, p = 0.004) or GDS (33%; Z = -2.04, df = 101, p = 0.041). The NIMH-dAD criteria correctly identified all patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depression, and correlated well with DSM-IV criteria for major or minor depression (kappa = 0.753, p <0.001), exhibiting 94% sensitivity and 85% specificity. The higher rates of depression found with NIMH-dAD criteria derived primarily from its less stringent requirements for the frequency and duration of symptoms. Remission rates at 3 months were similar across instruments. CONCLUSIONS The NIMH-dAD criteria identify a greater proportion of AD patients as depressed than several other established tools.
A Phase II Study of 3′-Deoxy-3′-18F-Fluorothymidine PET in the Assessment of Early Response of Breast Cancer to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Results from ACRIN 6688

Our objective was to determine whether early change in standardized uptake values (SUVs) of 3′deoxy-3′-18F-fluorothymidine (18F-FLT) using PET with CT could predict pathologic complete response (pCR) of primary breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The key secondary objective was to correlate SUV with the proliferation marker Ki-67 at baseline and after NAC. Methods: This prospective, multicenter phase II study did not specify the therapeutic regimen, thus, NAC varied among centers. All evaluable patients underwent 18F-FLT PET/CT at baseline (FLT1) and after 1 cycle of NAC (FLT2); 43 patients were imaged at FLT1, FLT2, and after NAC completion (FLT3). The percentage change in maximum SUV (%ΔSUVmax) between FLT1 and FLT2 and FLT3 was calculated for the primary tumors. The predictive value of ΔSUVmax for pCR was determined using receiver-operating-characteristic curve analysis. The correlation between SUVmax and Ki-67 was also assessed. Results: Fifty-one of 90 recruited patients (median age, 54 y; stage IIA–IIIC) met the eligibility criteria for the primary objective analysis, with an additional 22 patients totaling 73 patients for secondary analyses. A pCR in the primary breast cancer was achieved in 9 of 51 patients. NAC resulted in a significant reduction in %SUVmax (mean Δ, 39%; 95% confidence interval, 31–46). There was a marginal difference in %ΔSUVmax_FLT1-FLT2 between pCR and no-pCR patient groups (Wilcoxon 1-sided P = 0.050). The area under the curve for ΔSUVmax in the prediction of pCR was 0.68 (90% confidence interval, 0.50–0.83; Delong 1-sided P = 0.05), with slightly better predictive value for percentage mean SUV (P = 0.02) and similar prediction for peak SUV (P = 0.04). There was a weak correlation with pretherapy SUVmax and Ki-67 (r = 0.29, P = 0.04), but the correlation between SUVmax and Ki-67 after completion of NAC was stronger (r = 0.68, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: 18F-FLT PET imaging of breast cancer after 1 cycle of NAC weakly predicted pCR in the setting of variable NAC regimens. Posttherapy 18F-FLT uptake correlated with Ki-67 on surgical specimens. These results suggest some efficacy of 18F-FLT as an indicator of early therapeutic response of breast cancer to NAC and support future multicenter studies to test 18F-FLT PET in a more uniformly treated patient population.
The Computer Simulation of Oil-Flooded Single Screw Compressors

A computer model for prediction and analysis of an oil-flooded single screw compressor performance is developed. The model includes suction preheat, pressuri ~~. tion of the gas in the control volume during the suction closure process, flowage of gas and oil mixture through discharge port, leakage of gas and oil. It considers the effect of oil-injection rate, clearances and length of leaka~e paths on leakage, the effect of the discharge port area variation and the epecifio oil-injection rate on the discharge coeft'ioient of the discharge port and the oil shear powers. Some calculated results are presented and compared with laboratory test. A c G h k L m p R T u v area coefficient, specific heat mass flow rate unit area specific enthalpy ratio of GP to Cv length mass, mass flow rate (m) pressu.re gae constant, radius temperature velocity volume Sl>eoific volume SYJilBOLS v w X 01. ~ )/,. velocity,width of leakage path, power (w) dryness
Breast cancer survivors' perception of survivorship.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To explore (a) how women who were diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) defined themselves as survivors and when this occurred, and (b) the types of benefits they derived from their experiences. RESEARCH APPROACH An exploratory, qualitative approach. PARTICIPANTS 112 women who had BC (response rate = 70%). SETTING Participants were recruited from two cancer survivor organizations in a northeastern U.S. city. METHODOLOGIC APPROACH Responses to open-ended questions in telephone interviews were examined by age at diagnosis using thematic analysis. Chi squares were used to conduct analyses by age (younger than 51 years; aged 51 years or older). MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Meaning of survivorship, defining moment, benefits derived from surviving from breast cancer. FINDINGS Participants' perceptions of survivorship included two main components, a defining moment and the meaning attached to being a survivor. Becoming a survivor is an active process, except in the case of those participants who realized they were survivors when informed by a third party. Meanings differed by age at diagnosis. Most participants listed at least one benefit from surviving cancer. CONCLUSIONS The definitions of survivorship and benefits outlined here suggest that many positive aspects of the survivorship experience exist that may inform future interventions' designs. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Providers should acknowledge the strength survivors show in the process of meaning-making and finding benefits in their adverse experiences. The use of expressive and supportive interventions may hold promise for women facing difficulties in coping with their diagnosis.
Impact of atrial fibrillation on rest and exercise haemodynamics in heart failure with mid‐range and preserved ejection fraction

Heart failure with preserved (HFpEF) and mid‐range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) are becoming the most prevalent forms of heart failure. Patients with HFpEF/HFmrEF in atrial fibrillation (AF) have poorer survival and quality of life, but the mechanism underpinning this is unknown. We sought to investigate the influence of AF on the haemodynamic profile of HFpEF/HFmrEF patients at rest and during exercise.
Joint Chinese Word Segmentation and POS Tagging Using an Error-Driven Word-Character Hybrid Model

In this paper, we present a discriminative word-character hybrid model for joint Chinese word segmentation and POS tagging. Our word-character hybrid model offers high performance since it can handle both known and unknown words.We describe our strategies that yield good balance for learning the characteristics of known and unknown words and propose an error-driven policy that delivers such balance by acquiring examples of unknown words from particular errors in a training corpus. We describe an efficient framework for training our model based on the Margin Infused Relaxed Algorithm (MIRA), evaluate our approach on the Penn Chinese Treebank, and show that it achieves superior performance compared to the state-of-the-art approaches reported in the literature.