Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CHFR expression is preferentially impaired in smoking‐related squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, and the diminished expression significantly harms outcomes

Loss of tumor suppressors and activation of oncogenes lead to carcinogenesis. Abnormal expression of CHFR, a novel checkpoint gene, or of Aurora kinases, key regulators of mitosis, has been detected in a variety of solid tumors. Recently, CHFR has been revealed to ensure chromosomal stability by controlling the expression level of Aurora‐A in vitro. However, the frequency of aberrant expression of these proteins and the association with clinicopathologic parameters remain poorly defined in nonsmall‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we investigated the immunohistochemical protein expression of CHFR and Aurora‐A in 157 NSCLC cases and evaluated the association between clinicopathologic parameters statistically. The relationship between CHFR protein and mRNA levels and the association between this relationship and promoter methylation of the CHFR gene were also examined in 20 frozen sections of NSCLC. Overexpression of Aurora‐A and reduced expression of CHFR were found in 94 cases (59.8%) and 62 cases (39%) of NSCLC, respectively, and those were significantly correlated with tumor differentiation and size. Moreover, diminished CHFR expression was significantly associated with smoking‐related squamous cell carcinoma cases and poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis revealed that CHFR expression was an independent prognostic factor. A statistical correlation was evident between CHFR protein and mRNA expression. In conclusion, our results suggest the aberrant expression of Aurora‐A and/or of CHFR contributed to the increase in the malignant potential of NSCLC. We also revealed that CHFR expression was predominantly impaired in smoking‐related squamous cell carcinoma and might be a useful prognostic marker in NSCLC. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Opipramol for the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Placebo-Controlled Trial Including an Alprazolam-Treated Group

Opipramol, a drug widely prescribed in Germany, is a tricyclic compound with no reuptake-inhibiting properties. However, it has pronounced D2-, 5-HT2-, and H1-blocking potential and high affinity to sigma receptors (sigma-1 and sigma-2). In early controlled trials, anxiolytic effects were revealed. However, those studies were performed before the concept of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was established. Because of the interesting receptor-binding profile and promising results of the early clinical trials, the authors performed a state-of-the-art placebo-controlled trial using alprazolam as an active control. Three hundred seven outpatients with GAD were included. After a 7-day single-blind placebo washout, patients were randomly assigned to receive either opipramol (final dose, 200 mg/day), alprazolam (2 mg/day), or placebo and were treated for 28 days. The efficacy of both active compounds was higher than the effects with placebo treatment. There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05, according to the analysis of co-variance) in the main outcome criterion (baseline-adjusted final means of an intent-to-treat analysis of the total scores on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety) and in secondary efficacy parameters, with global improvement of 47% for placebo and significantly more for opipramol (63%) and alprazolam (64%). Regarding safety and tolerability, no substantial differences in the number of adverse events observed between treatment groups were obvious. Sedation seemed more pronounced with alprazolam treatment than with opipramol or placebo. In this trial, it was demonstrated for the first time that opipramol, a strong but nonselective sigma site ligand, possesses anxiolytic efficacy superior to placebo in the treatment of GAD.
Active sites in complement components C5 and C3 identified by proximity to indels in the C3/4/5 protein family.

We recently suggested that sites of length polymorphisms in protein families (indels) might serve as useful guides for locating protein:protein interaction sites. This report describes additional site-specific mutagenesis and synthetic peptide inhibition studies aimed at testing this idea for the paralogous complement C3, C4, and C5 proteins. A series of C5 mutants was constructed by altering the C5 sequence at each of the 27 indels in this protein family. Mutants were expressed in COS cells and were assayed for hemolytic activity and protease sensitivity. Mutants at five indels showed relatively normal expression but substantially reduced sp. act. , indicating that the mutations damaged sites important for C5 function. Twenty-three synthetic peptides with C5 sequences and 10 with C3 sequences were also tested for the ability to inhibit C hemolytic activity. Three of the C5 peptides and one of the C3 peptides showed 50% inhibition of both C hemolytic and bactericidal activities at a concentration of 100 microM. In several cases both the mutational and peptide methods implicated the same indel site. Overall, the results suggest that regions important for function of both C3 and C5 lie proximal to residues 150-200 and 1600-1620 in the precursor sequences. Additional sites potentially important for C5 function are near residue 500 in the beta-chain and at two or three sites between the N-terminus of the alpha'-chain and the C5d fragment. One of the latter sites, near residue 865, appears to be important for proteolytic activation of C5.
Assessment of associations between ischaemic attacks in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and air concentrations of particulate matter <2.5 μm

Objective To investigate the relationship between air concentrations of fine particulate matter <2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) and ischaemic attacks in high-risk elderly patients (aged ≥60 years). Methods This retrospective data analysis study extracted clinical data from an electronic medical chart system and environmental air quality data from the Ministry of the Environment Atmospheric Environmental Regional Observation System. Patients were stratified into four groups according to whether or not they had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and/or an ischaemic attack (i.e. cerebral infarctions and myocardial infarctions) during the 2-year study period. Analysis of the combined clinical and environmental data produced the odds ratio for the likelihood of experiencing an ischaemic attack. Results Clinical data were collected from 94 647 patients. On days when the air temperature was ≥25℃ and PM2.5 concentration was ≥20µg/m3, an ischaemic attack was more likely to occur in the T2DM group than in the group without T2DM. An ischaemic attack was more likely to occur 2 days after an increase in the PM2.5 concentration compared with the same day as and 3–6 days after the increase. Conclusion The results of this study confirmed an association between PM2.5 and ischaemic attacks in high-risk patients.
A wide-field near-infrared H2 2.122 μm line survey of the Braid Nebula star formation region in Cygnus OB7

Context. Outflows and jets are the first signposts of ongoing star formation processes in any molecular cloud, yet their study in optical bands provides limited results due to the large extinction present. Near-infrared unbiased wide-field observations in the H 2 1-0 S(1) line at 2.122 I¼m alleviates the problem, enabling us to detect more outflows and trace them closer to their driving sources. Aims. As part of a large-scale multi-waveband study of ongoing star formation in the Braid Nebula star formation region, we focus on a one square degree region that includes Lynds Dark Nebula 1003 and 1004. Our goal is to find all of the near-infrared outflows, uncover their driving sources and estimate their evolutionary phase. Methods. We use near-infrared wide-field observations obtained with WFCAM on UKIRT, in conjunction with previously-published optical and archival MM data, to search for outflows and identify their driving sources; we subsequently use colour-colour analysis to determine the evolutionary phase of each source. Results. Within a one square degree field we have identified 37 complex MHOs, most of which are new. After combining our findings with other wide-field, multi-waveband observations of the same region we were able to discern 28 outflows and at least 18 protostars. Our analysis suggests that these protostars are younger and/or more energetic than those of the Taurus-Auriga region. The outflow data enable us to suggest connection between outflow ejection and repetitive FU Ori outburst events. We also find that star formation progresses from W to E across the investigated region. Â© 2012 ESO.
A high-resolution on-chip propagation delay measurement scheme

We propose a high-resolution on-chip propagation delay measurement scheme. The scheme uses a pair of coherent equivalent-time sampling 1-bit digitizers. The scheme does not require complex circuits to be added on-chip, has reasonable test-time, and is not liable to the "bunching" effect. A test-chip was fabricated to characterize the propagation delay of a 65nm CMOS programmable I/O buffer using the proposed scheme. The measurements have 10ps resolution, tally with simulations, and are precise with o of lower than 1% the respective measured values. Measurements with higher resolution are possible.
Identification of Regions in the Receiver Domain of the ETHYLENE RESPONSE1 Ethylene Receptor of Arabidopsis Important for Functional Divergence1[OPEN]

The receiver domain of an ethylene receptor has regions that control specific traits, leading to receptor subfunctionalization. Ethylene influences the growth and development of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) via five receptor isoforms. However, the ETHYLENE RESPONSE1 (ETR1) ethylene receptor has unique, and sometimes contrasting, roles from the other receptor isoforms. Prior research indicates that the receiver domain of ETR1 is important for some of these noncanonical roles. We determined that the ETR1 receiver domain is not needed for ETR1’s predominant role in mediating responses to the ethylene antagonist, silver. To understand the structure-function relationship underlying the unique roles of the ETR1 receiver domain in the control of specific traits, we performed alanine-scanning mutagenesis. We chose amino acids that are poorly conserved and are in regions predicted to have altered tertiary structure compared with the receiver domains of the other two receptors that contain a receiver domain, ETR2 and ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE4. The effects of these mutants on various phenotypes were examined in transgenic, receptor-deficient Arabidopsis plants. Some traits, such as growth in air and growth recovery after the removal of ethylene, were unaffected by these mutations. By contrast, three mutations on one surface of the receiver domain rendered the transgene unable to rescue ethylene-stimulated nutations. Additionally, several mutations on another surface altered germination on salt. Some of these mutations conferred hyperfunctionality to ETR1 in the context of seed germination on salt, but not for other traits, that correlated with increased responsiveness to abscisic acid. Thus, the ETR1 receiver domain has multiple functions where different surfaces are involved in the control of different traits. Models are discussed for these observations.
BRCA-associated breast cancer in young women.

PURPOSE To delineate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of breast cancer that arises in the setting of a germline BRCA mutation and to compare BRCA-associated breast cancers (BABC) with those that arise in women without mutations. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed the clinical records of 91 Ashkenazi Jewish women ascertained during studies of the genetics of early-onset breast cancer. All women underwent testing for the BRCA1 mutations 185delAG and 5382insC. After the discovery of BRCA2, 79 women were also tested for the BRCA2 mutation 6174delT. RESULTS Mutations were identified in 30 women (33%). BABC were less likely to present with stage I disease than cases in women without mutations (27% v 46%), more likely to have axillary nodal involvement (54% v46%), and more likely to have extensive axillary involvement (25% v 17%). These differences were not statistically significant. BABC were significantly more likely to be histologic grade III (100% v 59%, P=.04) and to be estrogen receptor-negative (70% v 34%, P=.04). In the entire cohort, there were no significant differences between BABC and non-BRCA-associated cancers in 5-year relapse-free survival (65% v 69%, P=not significant [NS]), 5-year event-free survival (57% v 68%, P=NS), or 5-year overall survival. However, among cases diagnosed within 2 years of study entry, there was a trend toward shorter event-free survival in BRCA heterozygotes, but not relapse-free survival. Women with germline BRCA mutations were significantly more likely to develop contralateral breast cancer at 5 years (31% v 4%, P=.0007). CONCLUSION BABC present with adverse clinical and histopathologic features when compared with cases not associated with BRCA mutations. However, the prognosis of BABC appears to be similar to that of nonassociated cancer. Further studies of incident cases are necessary to define the independent prognostic significance of germline BRCA mutations.
How Should a Firm Manage Deteriorating Inventory?

Firms selling goods whose quality level deteriorates over time often face difficult decisions when unsold inventory remains. Since the leftover product is often perceived to be of lower quality than the new product, carrying it over offers the firm a second selling opportunity, a product line extension to new and unsold units, and the ability to price discriminate. By doing so, however, the firm subjects sales of its new product to competition from the leftover product. We present a two period model that captures the effect of this competition on the firm's production and pricing decisions. We characterize the firm's optimal strategy and find conditions under which the firm is better off carrying all, some, or none of its leftover inventory. We also show that, compared to a firm that acts myopically in the first period, a firm that takes into account the effect of first period decisions on second period profits will price its new product higher and stock more of it in the first period. Thus, the benefit of having a second selling opportunity dominates the detrimental effect of cannibalizing sales of the second period new product.
Association between Unintentional Interpersonal Postural Coordination Produced by Interpersonal Light Touch and the Intensity of Social Relationship

Interpersonal postural coordination (IPC) produced by interpersonal light touch (ILT), whereby time-series variations in the postural sway between two people unintentionally resemble each other, may be a possible social interaction. From a sociopsychological standpoint, close mutual behavioral coordination is recognized as “social glue,” which represents the closeness of relationships and contributes to the building of a good rapport. Therefore, we hypothesized that if IPC functions as social glue, then IPC produced by ILT also represents a social relationship. Participants were dyadic pairs with a preexisting social relationship (acquaintance, friend, or best-friend), and we assessed the closeness between the partners. Postural sway in two quiet standing conditions—no touch (NT) and ILT (a mutual light touch with <1 N) condition—was concurrently measured with the side-by-side standing position, and the association of IPC with intradyadic closeness (rapport) was analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling. The results showed that unintentional IPC was higher in both axes of the ILT condition than in NT condition. Additionally, IPC in the mediolateral axis (the partner side) of the ILT condition was positively correlated with intradyadic closeness, whereas that in the anteroposterior axis (the non-partner side) showed a negative association. As expected, IPC represented intradyadic closeness (rapport). Results indicate that, in unintentional IPC produced by ILT, the priority of processing sensory feedback for postural control, which is received from the individual and a partner, is modulated depending on the rapport in interactional coupled feedback loops between the two individuals (i.e., good rapport increases the degree of taking in feedback from a partner). Thus, unintentional IPC produced by ILT functions as social glue, and it provides an understanding of the sociopsychological aspect in the human-to-human postural coordination mechanism.
Case Study Research: What Is a Case Study Good For?

In Chapter Two, I argued that the case study approach to research is most usefully defined as an intensive study of a single unit or a small number of units (the cases), for the purpose of understanding a larger class of similar units (a population of cases). This was put forth as a minimal definition of the topic. In this chapter, I proceed to discuss the non definitional attributes of the case study – attributes that are often, but not invariably, associated with the case study method. These will be understood as methodological affinities flowing from our minimal definition of the concept. The case study research design exhibits characteristic strengths and weaknesses relative to its large-N cross-case cousin. These trade-offs derive, first of all, from basic research goals such as (1) whether the study is oriented toward hypothesis generating or hypothesis testing, (2) whether internal or external validity is prioritized, (3) whether insight into causal mechanisms or causal effects is more valuable, and (4) whether the scope of the causal inference is deep or broad. These trade-offs also hinge on the shape of the empirical universe, that is, on (5) whether the population of cases under study is heterogeneous or homogeneous, (6) whether the causal relationship of interest is strong or weak, (7) whether useful variation on key parameters within that population is rare or common, and (8) whether available data is concentrated or dispersed.
High-Intensity Activity Profiles of Elite Soccer Players at Different Performance Levels

Bradley, PS, Di Mascio, M, Peart, D, Wooster, B, Olsen, P, and Sheldon, B. High-intensity activity profiles of elite soccer players at different performance levels. J Strength Cond Res 24(9): 2343-2351, 2010-The aims of the study were to (a) determine the high-intensity activity patterns of soccer players at different performance levels and playing positions, (b) investigate temporary and end game fatigue in elite domestic and international soccer matches, and (c) quantify acceleration and maximal running speed profiles of elite soccer players. Elite domestic (n = 100) and international (n = 10) soccer players were analyzed using a multicamera computerized tracking system. No differences were found for high-intensity running distance (2,520 ± 678 vs. 2,745 ± 332 m), mean recovery time (67 ± 15 vs. 71 ± 26 seconds), or maximal running speed (7.76 ± 0.31 vs. 7.66 ± 0.34 m·s−1). The distance covered in high-intensity running irrespective of playing level was 18% lower (p < 0.05) in the last than in the first 15-minute period of the game (391 ± 117 vs. 478 ± 141 m). The decline in high-intensity running immediately after the most intense 5-minute period was similar between international (222 ± 33 vs. 109 ± 37 m or 51% decline) and elite domestic (243 ± 81 vs. 114 ± 51 m or 53% decline) players. Wide midfielders, central midfielders, fullbacks, and attackers covered a greater (p < 0.01) distance in high-intensity running than central defenders (3,243 ± 625, 2,949 ± 435, 2,806 ± 408, 2,618 ± 745 vs. 2,034 ± 284 m). Results demonstrate that high-intensity running is reduced during various periods of elite soccer matches, and high-intensity activity profiles and fatigue patterns are similar between international and elite domestic players but vary markedly between playing positions. These data provide valuable information to the fitness coach regarding the high-intensity active profile of elite soccer players that could be used to develop soccer-specific training drills.
Tourism Area Life Cycle

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Desenvolvimento e produção de capim-convert HD364 submetido ao estresse hídrico.

A insercao de novas cultivares ou hibridos de capim no mercado geram expectativas aos pecuaristas, como novas opcoes para instalacao e manutencao de pastos. Sob essas expectativas esta o hibrido capim-convert HD364, que foi recentemente lancado no mercado brasileiro. Assim, objetivou avaliar o desenvolvimento e producao de capim-convert HD364 submetido ao estresse hidrico. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetacao em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. Foram utilizados vasos com 2,5 dm3 de solo e seis disponibilidades hidricas: 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 e 120% da capacidade maxima de retencao de agua no solo, com quatro repeticoes. A umidade do solo foi mantida pelo metodo gravimetrico. Foram avaliados altura de plantas; numero de folhas, numero de perfilhos e indice SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) e o corte das plantas foram realizados rente ao solo 23 dias apos a aplicacao dos tratamentos para avaliar a massa seca da parte aerea e massa seca de raizes. Todos os resultados foram submetidos a analises de variância e teste de regressao ate 5% de probabilidade por meio do programa SISVAR. As disponibilidades hidricas que proporcionam melhor desenvolvimento e producoes da graminea forrageira situaram-se no intervalo entre 78,2 a 92,49% da capacidade maxima retencao de agua do solo. O desenvolvimento e producao do capim-convert HD364 e mais prejudicado pelo estresse hidrico por deficit de agua (20% da capacidade maxima retencao de agua do solo) que por condicoes de alagamento.
Use of Sleep Evaluations and Treatments in Children with Down Syndrome

Objective: To characterize practice patterns regarding sleep evaluation and intervention among children with Down syndrome (DS). Method: Data were obtained from electronic health records from 2009 to 2013 for a retrospective cohort of 954 children with DS, aged 5 to 21 years during the time sampled. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, diagnoses were used to identify children with obstructive sleep apnea and/or behavioral sleep disturbances. Primary outcomes were confirmed by participation in an overnight diagnostic polysomnography (PSG) and/or documented provision of specified sleep interventions including positive airway pressure, otolaryngology (ENT) surgery, sleep medication, and behavioral sleep therapy. Results: Overall, 47.7% of children with DS had undergone PSG, 39.1% had diagnosed sleep problems, and of those diagnosed with sleep problems, 81.2% had received sleep intervention. Consistent with best practice clinical care, sleep treatments matched the diagnosed sleep problems. Age, gender, and race, but not body mass index (BMI), were associated with PSG completion rate and occurrence rates for ENT surgery and sleep medication usage. BMI was associated with obstructive sleep apnea. Conclusion: Despite high rates of reported sleep problems in children with DS, less than half underwent PSG. Children diagnosed with sleep problems received treatment consistent with their sleep diagnosis. However, age and gender were associated with differential rates of treatment delivery that was incongruous with prevalence rates for diagnosed sleep problems. These findings underscore the importance of screening for sleep problems in children with DS, and referring for and providing appropriate targeted sleep interventions.