Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparing naturally occurring stable isotopes of nitrogen, carbon, and strontium as markers for the rearing locations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

We compared the success of using naturally occurring stable isotopes of N, C, and Sr as markers for the rearing locations of juvenile salmon. We analyzed the isotopic signatures (δ 15 Na ndδ 13 C in muscle and scales and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr in otoliths) of >200 juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from 12 tributaries of the Connecticut River, USA. Young salmon had distinct N and C signatures 5 weeks after stocking. Signatures were stable over the summer although δ 13 C varied more than δ 15 No r 87 Sr/ 86 Sr. Scale and muscle signatures were highly correlated, demonstrating the feasibility of nonlethal sampling using fish scales. Some C (but not N) signature from the hatchery was retained in scales of 3- month-old fish, implicating scale annuli as a repository for past C signatures. The δ 15 N values successfully differentiated fish from tributaries with differences in land use (e.g., agricultural versus forested; ≈33% of sites); the δ 13 C values differ- entiated fish from 45% of sites. Based upon a discriminant-function analysis, group membership of individuals was cor- rectly predicted in 44.3% (74 of 167) of cases for which both N and C were analyzed. In combination, N and C isotopes differentiated 73% of study sites, which was close to the success of Sr isotopes in the same system (83%).
Enabling multicast IPsec for Internet of Things

The efforts of making our life simpler and easier, with sustainability and environment protection being our main drives, brought about the so called Internet of things (IoT). One of the biggest challenges in IoT, is secure and seamless interconnection of devices with limited and non-limited capabilities over the Internet, while utilizing minimum of resources. Group communication has been proven to be more efficient in terms of resource utilization compared with pairwise communication. However, it does not fulfil the security requirements in the network layer of IoT as yet. This thesis provides a solution that contributes towards security of group communication in the network layer of IoT, using the multicast extension to the security architecture for the Internet protocol (IP) and a group key management protocol that enables dynamic establishment of group security associations and keys, called Group-IKEv2 for IoT. This thesis work presents the design and implementation of Multicast IPsec with Group-IKEv2 for IoT, discussing vital components that should be taken into consideration during design and implementation phases. Experimental results that indicate the performance and security limitations of the considered system are presented as well.
ABILITY OF NET INCOME IN PREDICTING DIVIDEND YIELD: OPERATING CASH FLOW AS A MODERATING VARIABLE

The purpose of this study is to determine the ability of net income in predicting dividend yield with operating cash flow as a moderating variable on manufacturing companies of the consumer goods industry sector listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange on the period 2012-2016. The sample is selected by using purposive sampling technique. The data analyzed by using moderated regression analysis. The result of analysis shows that, at the 0.05 level of significance, operating cash flow significantly influences the dividend yield, while net income does not affect the dividend yield. However, operating cash flow is able to moderate significantly the effect of net income on dividend yield. These results indicate that net income is unable to signal investors to predict dividend yields. However, net income will be a significant explanation of the dividend yield when operating cash flow acts as a moderating variable.
Relationships between nitrogen and phosphorus forms and ratios and the development of dinoflagellate blooms in the East China Sea

During late spring and early summer of 2005, large-scale (> 15 000 km(2)), mixed dinoflagellate blooms developed along the the coast of the East China Sea. Karenia mikimotoi was the dominant harmful algal bloom species in the first stage of the bloom (late May) and was succeeded by Prorocentrum donghaiense approximately 2 wk later. Samples were collected from different stations along both north-south and west-east transects, from the Changjiang River estuary to the south Zhejiang coast, during 3 cruises of the Chinese Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms Program, before and during the bloom progression. Nitrogen isotope tracer techniques were used to measure rates of NO3-, NH4+, urea, and glycine uptake during the blooms. High inorganic nitrogen (N), but low phosphorus (P) loading from the Changjiang River led to high dissolved inorganic N:dissolved inorganic P ratios in the sampling area and indicate the development of P limitation. The rates of N-15-uptake experiments enriched with PO43- were enhanced compared to unamended samples, suggesting P limitation of the N-uptake rates. The bloom progression was related to the change in availability of both organic and inorganic N and P. Reduced N forms, especially NH4+, were preferentially taken up during the blooms, but different bloom species had different rates of uptake of organic N substrates. K mikimotoi had higher rates of urea uptake, while P. donghaiense had higher rates of glycine uptake. Changes in the availability of reduced N and the ratios of N:P in inorganic and organic forms were suggested to be important in the bloom succession. Nutrient ratios and specific uptake rates of urea were similar when compared to analogous blooms on the West Florida Shelf.
Relationships between otolith microstructure, otolith growth, somatic growth, and ontogenetic transitions in two cohorts of windowpane

Otolith increments in larval and juvenile windowpane Scophthalmus aquosus can provide an estimate of daily age for spring-spawned individuals held under summer conditions. Otolith increments for springand autumn-spawned individuals occurred at intervals >1 day under winter conditions. A significant decrease in the slope of the linear relationship between otolith size and somatic size at 40 mm LS coincided with significant habitat, morphological and behavioural transitions. In smaller, field-captured windowpane belonging to springand autumn-spawned cohorts, the formation of accessory growth centres coincided with a transitional settlement period and the completion of eye migration (c. 8–20 mm LS). Back-calculated growth rate estimates for spring-spawned windowpane were significantly faster than those for autumn-spawned windowpane and these differences could produce differential rates of survival for the two cohorts during the first year of life. 2001 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
Excellence in university academic staff evaluation: a problematic reality?

This article is concerned with the macro-cultural ideal or institutional myth of excellence as defined and used in the evaluation of academic staff as part of an institutional logic. Such logics ‘prescribe what constitutes legitimate behaviour and provide taken-for-granted conceptions of what goals are appropriate and what means are legitimate to achieve these goals’ as stated by Pache and Santos Insead. In the case study university, this logic is reflected in the identification of ostensibly objective, gender-neutral key performance indicators of excellence. Lamont suggests that evaluation is necessarily subjective. Drawing on 23 qualitative interviews with those involved in such evaluation, this article looks at variation in the definition of excellence and in the evaluative practices in decision-making fora. It raises questions about the implications of this for gender inequality and for the myth of excellence and ultimately for the legitimacy of the organisation.
An efficient ID-based partially blind signature scheme and application in electronic-cash payment system

A kind of blind signature, partially blind signature, allows a user to request the signatory authority on some pre-shared information such that signatory authority only sign the message but could not able to see to message’s content except the pre-shared information. In 2007, an efficient and secure ID–based partially blind signature scheme has been presented by Hu et al, but this scheme is suffer from critical forgery attack identified by Tseng et al, in 2008. In 2009, using bilinear pairing in elliptic curve, Hu et al scheme was improved by Tian et al who tackles forgery attacks. Because the computational cost of bilinear pairing on an elliptic curve is more time consuming operation than the point multiplication on an elliptic curve. Fort this reason, we present a novel efficient identity-based partially blind signature scheme (ID-PBS) based on the hardness of gap Diffie-Hellman problem and elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem. The proposed ID-PBS scheme meets the security property of partially blind signature such as untraceability, non-forgeability, completeness, and non-deniability. Finally, we proposed an electronic-payment system based on our ID-PBS scheme.
Efficacy of a fungal fermented product as fishmeal replacement in the diet of Penaeus monodon Fabricius post-larvae

The efficacy of diets, formulated by inclusion of an Aspergillus niger fermented product (AFP) as fish meal substitute, for Penaeus monodon post-larvae was determined. AFP was derived by solid state fermentation (SSF) of a mixture of soybean flour, wheat flour, groundnut oil cake and sesame oil cake in the ratio of 4: 3: 2: 1 respectively for 96 h. The feeding trial was conducted in post-larvae stocked @10 animals in circular perspex tanks containing 40 l of water with five dietary treatments each with three replicates for 52 days. The diets containing graded levels of AFP substituting 0, 50, 150, 250 and 350 g kg -1 of fishmeal were fed to the post-larvae. Data on the growth performance and nutrient utilization efficiency were recorded from the feeding trials. Results showed that the post-larval shrimp fed diet containing 150 g kg -1 AFP exhibited significantly better (p<0.05) growth rate (14.79 mg d -1 post-larva -1 ), feed conversion ratio (1.62), protein efficiency ratio (1.64) and apparent protein utilization (25.39) than the other diets. The diet with 350 g kg -1 AFP showed the best apparent protein digestibility (87.74 %), apparent fat digestibility (97.95 %) and apparent dry matter digestibility coefficient (77.09 %) among the test diets. The results of the present study suggest that AFP can be used to improve the digestibility of nutrients and that partial replacement of fishmeal is possible in P. monodon post-larval diets under optimum rearing conditions.
The Formation of Boards of Directors as a Contingent Response to Environmental Uncertainty - Evidence from Emerging Economies

This paper provides some strong support for existing literature in an under-researched context (the emerging economies of the former Soviet Union and Central and Eastern Europe). We develop and apply a model linking Board formation and environmental uncertainty, finding some partial support for our anticipated relationships in the area of Board establishment and perceived financial sector uncertainly, although no support for our anticipated relationship between governmental sector uncertainty and Board formation. research is supportive of the broad assertion that strategy in emerging economies is different and a ‘one size fits all’ (generally American) approach to the questions we ask regarding strategy in emerging regions will rarely provide accurate insights for management academics and practitioners with an interest in understanding and improving management decisions in the context of emerging economies.
Large‐scale treeline changes recorded in Siberia

Analysis of a multi‐species network of western Siberian ecotone sites revealed pulses of tree invasion into genuine treeless tundra environments in the 1940s and 1950s and after the early 1970s. In addition, increases in radial stem growth synchronous to the late 20th century treeline change are observed. Both treeline changes and growth increases correspond with decadal‐scale periods of temperature that are warmer than in any other period since observations started, suggesting ‐ even if indirect ‐ the sensitivity of large‐scale treeline changes to this climatic forcing. The mid 20th century recruitment period reported here for the western Siberian network is compared with local findings from Europe and North America suggesting a circumpolar trend perhaps related to climate warming patterns. For western Siberia, the presence of relict stumps, nevertheless, indicates that this present colonization is reoccupying sites that had tree cover earlier in the last millennium.
Load and risk based maintenance management of wind turbines

The cost of maintenance is a considerable part of the total life cycle cost in wind turbines, especially for offshore applications. Research has shown that some critical components account for most of the downtime in the wind turbines. An improvement of maintenance practices and focused condition based maintenance for critical components can improve the reliability of the wind turbines; at the same time appropriate maintenance management can reduce maintenance costs. This thesis presents the conceptual application of the reliability centered asset management (RCAM) approach, which was defined for electrical distribution systems by Bertling in 2005, to wind turbine application. Following the RCAM approach failure statistics extracted from the maintenance records of 28 onshore wind turbines, rated 2MW, are presented. It is realized from the statistics that gearbox is a critical component for the system and the gearbox bearings are major cause of failures in gearboxes. A maintenance management framework called self evolving maintenance scheduler (SEMS) is proposed in the thesis. The SEMS framework considers the indication of deterioration from various condition monitoring systems to formulate an optimal maintenance strategy for the damaged component. In addition to SEMS, an artificial neural network (ANN) based condition monitoring approach using the data stored in the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system is proposed. The proposed approach uses a statistical distance measurement called Mahalanobis distance to identify any abnormal operation of monitored component. A self evolving feature to keep the ANN model up-to-date with the changing operating conditions is also proposed. The proposed ANN based condition monitoring approach is applied for gearbox bearing monitoring to two cases with real SCADA data, from two wind turbines of the same manufacturer, rated 2 MW, and situated in the south of Sweden. The results show that the proposed approach is capable of detecting damage in the gearbox bearings in good time before a complete failure. The application of the proposed condition monitoring approach with the SEMS maintenance management framework has a potential to reduce the maintenance cost for critical components close to end of life.
BETTER NUTRITIONAL STATUS AS MEASURED BY THE MINI NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT TOOL IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED IMMUNE RESPONSE IN ELDERLY NURSING HOME RESIDENTS WITH PRESSURE ULCERS

of Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science BETTER NUTRITIONAL STATUS AS MEASURED BY THE MINI NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT TOOL IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED IMMUNE RESPONSE IN ELDERLY NURSING HOME RESIDENTS WITH PRESSURE ULCERS By Jan Elizabeth Hudgens December 2003 Chair: Bobbi Langkamp-Henken Department: Food Science and Human Nutrition A decline in immune function occurs with age and this decline is exacerbated by malnutrition. Clinical studies demonstrate that moderate to severe malnutrition can be observed in 30 to 50% of geriatric hospitalized patients, and malnutrition is a condition associated with greater susceptibility to infection, longer hospital stay, and increased mortality. Through detection of malnutrition and impaired immune function in the elderly, early intervention may reduce the risk of these negative consequences. Unfortunately, malnutrition and impaired immune function often go unrecognized in the elderly because of a lack of assessment methods. To partially combat this, the Mini-Nutrition Assessment (MNA) was developed as an efficient and economical assessment technique for elderly individuals. This assessment technique, which has been validated in both France and the United States for use in persons 65-90 years of age, is a comprehensive evaluation that is composed of four major parts: anthropometric measurements, dietary questionnaire, global assessment, and subjective assessment.
Improvement of prediction accuracy of glulam modulus of elasticity by considering neutral axis shift in bending.

There is a discrepancy between the estimated modulus of elasticity (MOE) of glulam based on the dynamic MOE of laminates and measured MOE. The discrepancy is greater for glulam manufactured with mixed species. This study was undertaken to reduce the discrepancy between those MOE values. The error rate of predicting MOE of glulam by the transformed section method, without considering tension and compression modulus differences, was about 30%. To estimate the MOE of glulam more accurately, the differences between compression and tension modulus should be taken into account in the transformed section method. The measured tensile and compressive strain at the center of glulam under a bending load showed the movement of neutral axis toward the tension side of glulam. Therefore, the compression and tension modulus differences for each species should be identified before estimating the MOE of glulam. The prediction of glulam MOE was improved significantly by reflecting the ratio of compression and tension modulus vs dynamic MOE of laminates. The outermost of laminates in the compression side under bending load experienced plastic behavior and failure. This caused the neutral axis to move to the tension side and increased tension stress to cause the glulam to fail abruptly in tension. To improve the bending performance of glulam, reinforcing compression laminates need to be considered.
Free Riding on Energy Efficiency Subsidies: The Case of Natural Gas Furnaces in Canada

We assess the extent to which subsidies for home energy efficiency improvements in Canada have been paid to households that would have undertaken the improvements anyway—the so-called free rider rate. We focus on forced-air natural gas furnaces, replaced between April 1, 2007 and March 31, 2011, under both federal and provincial subsidy programs as well as the 2009 federal Home Renovation Tax Credit. Our results indicate that around 50 percent of expenditures under the Canadian subsidy and tax credit programs represented free riding. In the long run, our estimates suggest that over 80 percent of grant recipients would have chosen an identical furnace at the time of replacement. We estimate that the cost effectiveness of the programs in terms of greenhouse gas reduced was between $70 and $110/t CO2, depending on the assumptions made. Further, we find that a substantial majority of the grants were received by middle- and high-income households, such that the grant had a regressive effect on the distribution of income. We conclude that such grants are not an optimal way to improve residential energy efficiency.
The nature of the UV halo around the spiral galaxy NGC 3628

Thanks to deep UV observations with GALEX and Swift, diffuse UV haloes have recently been discovered around galaxies. Based on UV-optical colours, it has been advocated that the UV haloes around spiral galaxies are due to UV radiation emitted from the disc and scattered off dust grains at high latitudes. Detailed UV radiative transfer models that take into account scattering and absorption can explain the morphology of the UV haloes, and they require the presence of an additional thick dust disc next the to traditional thin disc for half of the galaxies in their sample. We test whether such an additional thick dust disc agrees with the observed infrared emission in NGC 3628, an edge-on galaxy with a clear signature of a thick dust disc. We extend the far-ultraviolet radiative transfer models to full-scale panchromatic models. Our model, which contains no fine-tuning, can almost perfectly reproduce the observed spectral energy distribution from UV to mm wavelengths. These results corroborate the interpretation of the extended UV emission in NGC 3628 as scattering off dust grains, and hence of the presence of a substantial amount of diffuse extra-planar dust. A significant caveat, however, is the geometrical simplicity and non-uniqueness of our model: other models with a different geometrical setting could lead to a similar spectral energy distribution. More detailed radiative transfer simulations that compare the model results to images from UV to submm wavelengths are a way to break this degeneracy, as are UV polarisation measurements.
Solar wind — magnetosphere coupling : A review of recent results

This paper reviews some aspects of solar wind–magnetosphere–ionosphere interaction. It is shown that in addition to the interplanetary electric field, the solar wind dynamic pressure also has a significant role in determining the state, dynamics, and energetics of the system. It is demonstrated how the state of the magnetosphere and the prior driving affect the amount of energy input to the system, which highlights the capability of the magnetosphere to control the energy flow. The active role of the magnetosphere in determining the dynamics is illustrated by statistical results of the flux balance in the magnetotail and the various dynamic cycles the system can enter. The inner magnetosphere processes during storms are shown to be a result of a complex interplay of processes at the magnetopause and in the magnetotail in response to the solar wind driving. The conclusions are drawn from statistical observational results, empirical models, and global MHD simulations. r 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Why don’t similar e-commerce companies choose similar logistics distribution system? : a case study of two e-commerce companies in China based on transaction cost theory

During the last decade, the importance of “last mile delivery” has become increasingly prominent due to the booming development of e-commerce. Logistics services have become the bottleneck of the development of e-commerce in China. This thesis focuses on the research of self-built and outsourced logistics distribution system. The main research objective is to identify why two similar e-commerce companies have chosen different logistics distribution system In this study, two e-commerce companies were selected as cases to analyze two different types of logistics distribution systems in order to develop an understanding of the reasons for different choices of logistics distribution system. Jingdong Mall represents the self-built logistics distribution system while Taobao Mall represents the outsourced logistics distribution system. The two companies are the most representative of Chinese e-commerce industry. The case study is used as the main research method. This study investigates the critical factors for these two e-commerce companies in adopting either self-built logistics or outsourced logistics from transaction cost theory perspective. Within-case and cross-case analyses are simultaneously applied to further analyse these two logistics distribution systems. This research demonstrates the utility of transaction cost theory. Though a case study of Jingdong Mall and Taobao Mall, it highlights that the important factor of relational adaptation drove Taobao Mall to maintain its preference for logistics outsourcing. Furthermore, this study reveals that the degree of CEOs’ risk preference had a significant impact on their choice of logistics distribution systems for their respective e-commerce companies.