Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants towards Implementation of Nursing Process

Nursing Process is a systematic method which utilizes scientific reasoning, problem solving and critical thinking to direct nurses in caring for patients effectively however, little is known about factors affecting the implementation of nursing process. The study intended to assess factors affecting implementation of nursing process among nurses in Arbaminch General Hospital, Ethiopia. Institutional based cross-sectional study with quantitative data collection through Self-administered pre-tested Semi Structured questionnaire and observational checklist used among randomly selected 105 nurses. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 15 for its objectives. Out of 105 studies 98 were participated in the study with 93.3% response rate. Forty two (42.85%) of the total respondents were working in a stressful working environmental. Thirty five (35.7%) of respondents were challenged to provide their nursing care due to patients inability to collect the required material for care provision. Factor affecting implementation of nursing process were working in a stressful environment were 0.23 times less likely to implement nursing process than those working in organized environment (OR: 0.23, [95% CI: (0.07-0.78)], highly knowledgeable nurses were 8.78 times more likely to implementation of nursing process than nurses who were not knowledgeable (OR: 8.78, [95%CI: (2.97-77.48)] and economic status of patient to collect material for nursing care were negatively associated with implementation of nursing process(OR: 0.07, [95%CI: (0.02-0.31)]. The study has identified lack of facility from organizational factors, economic status of the patient to collect material for nursing care, early discharge, lack of cooperation and complicated problems from patient related factors and level of knowledge were among those factors highly affecting nursing process implementation. Nearly, one third of respondents have consistent with the implementation of nursing process in the clinical setting. This factors cause poor quality of nursing care disorganized caring system, conflicting role, medication error and re-admission with similar problems, dissatisfaction with the care patients have received, and increased mortality. Recommendation: The essence of nursing process for client lies on the great benefits to the client, nurses and nursing profession as a whole. So, to provide quality of nursing care the management body of the hospital should flow and supervise the implementation of nursing process in the hospital, the health professional should train periodically and Information should be disseminated regarding nursing process.
Effects of Organizational Structure of Marketing Planning on Credibility and Utilization of Plan Output

The authors investigate the effects of the organizational structure used for marketing planning on the credibility and utilization of marketing plans. Data on 53 organizations were obtained from multiple respondents in the marketing areas of those organizations. The results indicate that a bureaucratized planning structure with formal rules and procedures and departmental specialization can enhance both plan credibility and utilization. However, high centralization of authority affected these variables negatively. The explanatory mechanisms suggested by these results are discussed and managerial implications presented.
An Examination of the Effect of Talent Management on Organizational Entrepreneurship : A Case Study Oil Products Company of Province of Ilam in Iran

Present study intends to examine the effect of talent management on organizational entrepreneurship in company of oil products in province of Ilam, which is an applied study in terms of purpose and is a descriptive survey in its own nature. Data collecting tool is standardized questionnaire of talent management and organizational entrepreneurship, whose validity was confirmed and reliability of 91% was obtained for it. In order to test hypotheses, first Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied for its normality and Pearson test was used for measuring the relationship. Also, regression analysis was applied for examining the effect of variables and Friedman's test was utilized for prioritization. Findings of research obtained from data collected within a 95-subject sample consisting employees of IlamOil Company indicated that talent management and its dimensions have a significant effect upon organizational entrepreneurship. In addition, the dimensions were prioritized respectively, attraction, development, and retention.
Transnational Intellectual Property Strategies and Firms’ Knowledge Adoption: Evidence from China-U.S. Patent Dyads

As firms increasingly operate and conduct R&D in emerging markets, 'transnational patenting' - patenting of the same invention across more than one country - is becoming a cornerstone of their intellectual property (IP) strategies. We investigate whether and how a patent granted to a focal firm's invention in an emerging economy (China) can shape its subsequent technological knowledge adoption by other firms in developed economies (U.S.). Drawing on research from market signaling and intellectual property strategy, we address this question using a novel dataset of 4,226 China-U.S. patent dyads covering 1,104 firms, and matching control sets. Difference-in-differences estimates show that patent granted to the focal firm's invention under a weak IP institution (China) increases its subsequent knowledge adoption (by up to 76%) by other firms under a strong IP institution (U.S.). The signaling effect to mitigate information asymmetry is most salient for patents awarded to China-based firms, in computing and information sector, and to technologies developed in Chinese provinces with lower de facto IP institutional quality.
Augmented production of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and alpha/beta interferon in mice inoculated with heat-killed Corynebacterium liquefaciens

We demonstrated that heat-killed Corynebacterium liquefaciens bacteria, as a known potent host immune activity modulator, stimulate spleen cells to produce granulocyte-macrophage (GM) colony-stimulating factor (CSF) and another CSF with similar activity, as well as alpha/beta interferon, when injected intravenously into mice. Alpha/beta interferon was shown to be produced by C. liquefaciens-activated plastic-G-10 column-adherent cells (A cells) in a thymus-independent manner. In contrast, augmented production of GM-CSF required the action of C. liquefaciens-activated T lymphocytes that collaborated with normal A cells. Non-T spleen cells from C. liquefaciens-stimulated athymic mice, however, produced an alternative CSF that partially replaced GM-CSF. Correspondingly, the numbers of GM-producing CFU developing in cultures of spleen cells from C. liquefaciens-treated euthymic or athymic mice were 10 to 30 times higher than those in cultures of spleen cells from untreated mice. These results suggest that gram-positive rods such as C. liquefaciens activate T and A cells for production of multiple cytokines and that potential cooperative actions of these cytokines underlie the known immunomodulatory action of coryneforms.
Multilateral knowledge transfer and multiple embeddedness

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to argue that multilateral knowledge transfer emerges from two lines of thinking in the international business (IB) literature – the exploitation of multinationality and the contributory role of subsidiaries – and links three levels of analysis – headquarters, knowledge-creating subsidiaries and host-country environments. Design/methodology/approach – Multilateral knowledge transfer, both vertical and horizontal, is considered in this paper as a cross-level phenomenon that emerges as a result of beneficial interdependencies between headquarters, knowledge-creating subsidiaries and their host-country environments. The paper also discusses the concept of embeddedness, which both lines of thinking draw upon, and argues that the multinational enterprise (MNE) headquarters can actually moderate both internal and external embeddedness through global strategy and organizational design. Findings – By putting forward an integrative cross-level interdependency framework that i.
Money Secrets: How Do Trade Secrets Affect Firm Value? Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment

We investigate the impact of trade secret legal protection on firm value in the context of acquisitions. On one hand, market value may increase because trade secret assets become better protected from rivals. On the other hand, market value may decrease because trade secret protection reduces information about the target and its competitors available to potential buyers, increasing uncertainty about the target’s value. Buyers will discount their offers in expectation of being compensated for riskier deals. Using a sample of private equity investments in the United States, we find that trade secret protection has a positive effect in industries with high mobility of knowledge workers, and a negative effect in industries with high uncertainty and a high proportion of “lemons. ”
Does neighbourhood unemployment affect the springboard effect of low pay

There is considerable debate on whether the employment and earnings prospects are better for those on low pay or for the unemployed. We use Understanding Society data for England and estimate dynamic random effects panel models which show robust evidence that the future unemployment risk is lower for those who are currently on low pay compared to those who are currently unemployed and the low-paid also have a higher chance than the unemployed of becoming higher-paid. These findings are most marked in neighbourhoods with high unemployment which is attributable to the much poorer prospects of the unemployed in these neighbourhoods.
The Medium Is Not the Message: Advertising Effectiveness and Content Evaluation in Print and on the Web

ABSTRACT Some have argued that traditional principles of mass media advertising do not apply on the web. We present an empirical study that contradicts this assertion. Our findings suggest that advertisers need not take full advantage of the enhanced capabilities of the medium to produce effective web advertising. Given equal opportunity for exposure to the target audience, the same advertisements were equally effective in print and on the web. However, for promotional material that consumers would not classify as advertising, evaluations were lower when the material was presented on the web. We propose a plausible explanation for this apparent paradox.
Use of FTAs from Thai Experience

TThis paper examines in depth the use of free trade agreements (FTAs) in Thailand to shed light on the ongoing negotiation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). The key finding is that while certificate of origin records significantly increased over the period in consideration, their value remained less than one-third of total trade. The ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) and its successor, ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), accounted for the largest share with a noticeably declining relative importance. Products that are often traded under an FTA preferential trade scheme are highly concentrated, dominated by automotive (both vehicles and auto parts), electrical appliances, petrochemical products, and processed foods. Firms in these sectors are generally large in size and their products have a high level of local content. Evidence that the top 15 items are usually subject to high tariff margins suggests the presence of costs incurred to firms when applying for a certificate of origin. Our analysis suggests that we should be avoid maximizing a number of signed FTAs as a mercantilism style policy tool kit to open up market as well as maximize net export earnings as we tried in the early years of the new millennium. Instead, FTAs could be used as a gradual step in making a progress of unfinished business in trade and investment policy reform. To encourage firms to use the signed FTA, policy focus should be on the rules of origin and their related administrative procedures.
New Instruments of Environmental Governance

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CHARACTERIZATION AND PURIFICATION OF UREASE ENZYME FROM NEW PROTEUS MIRABILIS STRAIN

Proteus mirabilis bacterium is a common etiologic agent of urinary tract infections and produces large amounts of urease enzyme (EC 3.5.1.5). The urease enzyme producing new Proteus mirabilis isolate was isolated from positive sample collected from Khartoum hospital. In this study’s the enzyme was extracted from the bacterial isolate by distilled water and purified by gel-permeation. Urease enzyme activity was measured in SDS page based on cresol red and assayed spectrophotometically. The recovery percentage of pure urease enzyme was in range 55-98%. The Bacterium protein extraction retained urease enzymatic activity and showed the typical subunits of Mr 66000, 45000, 29000, and 15000 when subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Trust in industrial service relationships: behavioral consequences, antecedents and the moderating effect of the duration of the relationship

Building on previous studies which suggested that trust is a critical factor in facilitating exchange relationships, the authors investigate with empirically derived data the role of service quality and customer bonding as antecedents of trust in relatively newer vis‐a‐vis a relatively mature relationship between the provider of business‐to‐business services and the client. The findings presented here show that the time element is critical to the effect that both service quality and successful customer bonding bear in trust development. Furthermore, the results of the study suggest that not all dimensions of the quality of the service offered by the provider contribute equally in the provider’s trustworthiness. Similarly, specific customer bonding techniques foster the extent to which the client trusts the service provider while others do not have an impact on the trustworthiness of the provider.
The effects of country and gender differences on consumer innovativeness and decision processes in a highly globalized high‐tech product market

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on two objectives. First, to investigate how two consumer innovativeness measures (domain‐specific innovativeness (DSI) and general innovativeness (GI)) in a highly globalized product market (i.e. laptop computer) are related to two widely used demographics, country and gender. Second, to examine how innovativeness affects a series of consumer decisions such as information search, opinion dependency, and store choice.Design/methodology/approach – The authors build a conceptual model linking two important demographics (i.e. country and gender) and consumer innovativeness (both DSI and GI), and test it using binomial logistic regression, with a sample of 614 respondents from Korea, China, and the USA.Findings – Results are generally consistent with the authors' hypotheses. The two consumer innovativeness measures are significantly influenced by the two demographic factors, and product‐specific innovativeness shows more plausible results than GI. Furthermore, c.
Effect of Graphic Images in Cigarette Health Warning: A Call for Stricter Packaging Regulation in Japan

ABSTRACT This study examined the impact of unexpectedness, novelty, and relevance when including a shocking picture on cigarette packages in Japan. An experimental design compared reactions of Japanese smokers exposed to a health warning including a picture versus the current text-based health warning message. A health warning with a graphic image was confirmed as more effective in attracting attention and easier to understand, with some limited impact in persuading smokers to act on the information. Overall, the findings provide support for regulations in Japan to require health warnings featuring novel imagery, such as those found in Europe, Canada, and Australia.
Evaluation of Retail Service Quality by Using RSQS Model: A Case Study on Big Bazaar Hypermarkets in NCT of Delhi (India).

Service quality is a major area of attention for researchers. It has a strong impact on cost, customer satisfaction, loyalty and profitability. In retailing, the perception of service quality is different from other service environments. In retail stores there is a mix of product and service; retailers are likely to have more impact on service quality than that of product quality. Thus service quality plays a significant role in creating quality perception. Retail service quality is also associated with future consumption behavior in terms of the customer’s intention to visit, purchase and recommendations to others. Hence, it is important for the retail managers to evaluate retail service quality in the stores.The purpose of this research paper is to find out how customers perceive the overall retail service quality in Big Bazaar hypermarkets in National Capital Territory of Delhi (India). Big Bazaar is the largest hypermarket chain in India. Big Bazaar is an agglomeration of bazaars offering a wide range of merchandise including fashion and apparel, food product, general merchandise, furniture, electronic, book, fast food and leisure and entertainment. Hence it is ideal for our study.The main theoretical model adopted for measuring the retail service quality was the Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS) which is a 28 item scale with five dimensions: Physical Aspect, Reliability, Personal Interaction, Problem Solving and Policy developed by Dabholkar, Thorpe and Rentz (1996) in the U.S. and considered valid across a variety of formats and cultural contexts. Methodologically, the study was a cross-sectional case survey conducted with the help of structured questionnaire. A survey of 125 shoppers in hypermarkets of Big Bazaar in five different zones of NCT of Delhi was conducted. Responses were measured on a five-point Likert scale. Demographic information like gender, age, marital status, employment status, education level and income was also collected. Additional three questions pertaining to the customer’s future intentions to shop, purchase and recommend the stores were also included. The analysis part included descriptive and statistical analysis. The gap analysis model was used to examine how consumers perceive service quality in Big Bazaar hypermarkets. Through the correlation analysis, it was verified that retail service quality is associated with future consumption behaviour.
Pricing of Firm Specific Jump Risk

This paper studies the relationship between the cross section of stock returns and firm specific jump risk. Using option data, we estimate various option-based time-series. Sorting firms according to their firm specific jump risk, we find that this risk is priced for small stocks. Furthermore, we show that it is genuinely idiosyncratic, and not related to systematic volatility or systematic jump risk. We also find that firms have similar exposures to upward and downward jumps and both jumps are negatively priced, but the effect is more pronounce for downward jumps. Besides, it is documented that our results are closely linked to the idiosyncratic volatility (ivol) anomaly by Ang et al. (2006). Therefore, if ivol proxies for an omitted factor, our results suggest that the exposure to idiosyncratic jump risk is related to this factor.
The impact of supplier proximity on JIT success: an informational perspective

Investigates the relationships between just‐in‐time (JIT) success and the extent of company‐supplier partnership development, in the context of geographical proximity, communication/ information linkages and usage of certification programmes, using a multi‐faceted measure of JIT success. Analyses data from 130 businesses to test five research hypotheses. Finds that supplier certification programmes and availability of information exchange systems between the firm and its suppliers are significantly better predictors of JIT success than geographical proximity of suppliers. Discusses the managerial implications of these findings and offers recommendations.
Is Joint Audit Bad or Good? Efficiency Perspective Evidence from Three European Countries

There is a constant questioning about the interest of introducing the joint audit. Very recently, the European Commission has raised this topic in its Green Paper, arguing that it may be a way to increase audit quality after the financial crisis and to mitigate audit market concentration, by enlarging the audit offer. However, the joint audit also faces strong resistance, consisting mainly in arguing an unbearable additional cost. This work tries to participate to the current debate by providing evidence based on the new institutional economics criteria of efficiency (i.e. cost or quality) that is relevant to justify an institutional mechanisms change. We run our main analysis on the Danish context (2005-2009), which gave up the mandatory joint audit in 2005. This change in regulation therefore provides a unique natural field to study the impact of joint audit within the same institutional setting. We test the impact of joint audit on both audit costs proxied by audit fees or total fees and audit quality proxied by abnormal accruals. Our results confirm the non significance of the association between total fees and joint audit, and between abnormal accrual and joint audit. We evidence a positive and significant relationship between audit fees and joint audit. Then we run an additional study on a matched French-German sample to capture the impact of a mandatory joint audit. France is characterized by a long tradition of joint audit while Germany has always experienced a single audit system. This additional analysis confirms the main result analysis. The results are of interest for regulators and actors in the audit market.
Performance analysis on carrier scheduling schemes in the long-term evolution-advanced system with carrier aggregation

Carrier aggregation (CA) is one of the promising techniques for the further advancements of the third-generation (3G) long-term evolution (LTE) system, referred to as LTE-Advanced. When CA is applied, a well-designed carrier scheduling (CS) scheme is essential to the LTE-Advanced system. Joint user scheduling (JUS) and separated random user scheduling (SRUS) are two straightforward CS schemes. JUS is optimal in performance but with very high complexity, whereas SRUS is contrary. Consequently, the authors propose a novel CS scheme, termed as ‘separated burst-level scheduling’ (SBLS). In SBLS, the connected component carrier (CC) of one user can be changed in burst level, whereas in SRUS, it is fixed. Meanwhile, SBLS limits the users to receive from only one of the CCs simultaneously, which is the same as that in SRUS. In this way, SBLS is expected to achieve higher resource utilisation than SRUS but with acceptable complexity increase. There are two factors that are important to the performance of SBLS, namely the dispatching granularity and the dispatching policy. The authors' analysis is verified by system-level simulations. The simulation results also show that the resultant performance gain of SBLS over SRUS is notable and increasing dispatching granularity will quickly deteriorate the performance of SBLS.