Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
XMM-Newton and Chandra observations of G272.2-3.2. Evidence of stellar ejecta in the central region

Aims. We aim to study the spatial distribution of the physical and chemical properties of the X-ray emitting plasma of the supernova remnant G272.2 3.2, in order to obtain important constraints on its ionization stage, the progenitor supernova explosion, and the age of the remnant. Methods. We report on combined XMM-Newton and Chandra images, median photon energy maps, silicon and sulfur equivalent width maps, and a spatially resolved spectral analysis for a set of regions of the remnant. Complementary radio and H observations, available in the literature, are also used to study the multi-wavelength connection of all detected emissions. Results. The X-ray morphology of the remnant displays an overall structure with an almost circular appearance, a centrally brightened hard region, with a peculiar elongated hard structure oriented along the northwest-southeast direction of the central part. The X-ray spectral study of the regions shows distinct K emission-line features of metal elements, confirming the thermal origin of the emission. The X-ray spectra are well represented by an absorbed variable abundance non-equilibrium ionization (VNEI) thermal plasma model, which produces elevated abundances of Si, S, and Fe in the circular central region, typical of ejecta material. The values of abundances found in the central region of the supernova remnant (SNR) favor a Type Ia progenitor for this remnant. The outer region shows abundances below the solar value, to be expected if the emission arises from the shocked interstellar medium (ISM). The relatively low ionization timescales suggest non-equilibrium ionization. We identify the location of the contact discontinuity. Its distance to the outer shock is higher than expected for expansion in a uniform media, which suggests that the remnant spent most of its time in more dense medium.
Drugs-related cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and pooled analysis of pathophysiology, diagnosis and clinical management

Drug-induced cardiomyopathy (CM) is a potentially reversible form of acquired CM and a common consequence of exposure to numerous medically prescribed drugs. It is particularly a common serious adverse side effect of anticancer and antiretroviral therapies. The two drugs may have significantly improved longevity in cancer and HIV-infected patients respectively but their cardiotoxic effects threaten to undermine their therapeutic efficacy and reduce survival in affected patients. Hospitalization due to drug-induced CM also places a considerable burden on the healthcare system in terms of reduced drug efficacy and patient management. Early detection is clinically important for improve efficacy in the management of drug-induced CM as well as the prevention of the progression into heart failure. Thus, prescribers should be fully aware of drugs with the potential to cause CM and the clinical value of monitoring the cardiotoxic effects of these drugs. Thus, the present paper provides a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis of diagnosis and management methods. The aim is to broaden the understanding of the major causative drugs, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of drug-induced CM. *Correspondence to: Aref Albakri, department of Internal Medicine, St-Marien hospital Bonn Venusberg, Bonn, Germany, E-mail: arefalbakri@yahoo.com
Global Variance Risk Premium and Forex Return Predictability

In a long-run risk model with stochastic volatility and frictionless markets, I express expected forex returns as a function of consumption growth variances and stock variance risk premiums (VRPs)—the difference between the risk-neutral and statistical expectations of market return variation. This provides a motivation for using the forward-looking information available in stock market volatility indices to predict forex returns. Empirically, I find that stock VRPs predict forex returns at a one-month horizon, both in-sample and out-of-sample. Moreover, compared to two major currency carry predictors, global VRP has more predictive power for currency carry trade returns, bilateral forex returns, and excess equity return differentials.
Multidrug therapy with terbinafine and itraconazole is not superior to itraconazole alone in current epidemic of altered dermatophytosis in India: A randomized pragmatic trial

Background: Treatment responsiveness of dermatophytosis has decreased considerably in recent past in India. We compared effectiveness of oral terbinafine daily (Terb) (active control) versus itraconazole daily (Itra) versus terbinafine plus itraconazole daily (TI) versus terbinafine daily plus itraconazole pulse (TIp) in tinea corporis, tinea cruris and tinea faciei in a pragmatic randomized open trial. Methods: Ninety-two microscopically confirmed patients were allocated to Terb (6 mg/kg/day), Itra (5 mg/kg/day), TI (terbinafine 6 mg/kg/day, itraconazole 5 mg/kg/day), or TIp (terbinafine 6 mg/kg/day, itraconazole 10 mg/kg/day for 1 week in 4 weeks) group by concealed block randomization and treated for 8 weeks or cure. Results: Cure rates were similar at 4 weeks (P=0.768). At 8 weeks, 5 (21.7%), 18 (78.3%), 16 (69.6%), and 16 (69.6%) patients were cured in Terb, Itra, TI, and TIp groups, respectively. All experimental regimens (Itra, TI, TIp) were more effective than Terb (P[≤]0.0027). All experimental regimens had similar effectiveness (P[≥]0.738). Relapse rates 4 and 8 weeks after cure were similar (P=0.869 and 0.314, respectively). Number-needed-to-treat (NNT) was 2 for Itra, 3 for TI, and 3 for TIp. Conclusions: Oral itraconazole given daily (NNT=2) is the most effective treatment and combining it with terbinafine does not increase effectiveness.
Competition for health care in women with spinal cord trauma

Goal: To establish the relationship between the health care competency and some socio-cultural, biological factors and self esteem in women with spinal cord injury. Methodology: descriptive transversal study with 44 women spinal cord trauma presenting between 2006 and 2010, in Cali Colombia. Findings: Fifty percent of women were less than 30 years old; most of them had high school education, did not work outside home, and were from low socioeconomic status, with mobility, sensibility, bladder and bowel deficits. The main cause of the injury was fire gun wound. The global competency for care was fair in 43, 1 % of women, good in 40, 9 %, excellent in 9, 1% and deficient in 6, 8%. Self esteem was compromised in women with neurogenic bladder and bowel regardless of their sexual activity. The relationship between health care competency, socio economic status, and bladder deficit was statistically significant. Conclusions and recommendations: The women ́s high education level could be a positive factor for their health care. The deficiency in their competence for sexuality care calls for sexual and reproductive health services to young women exposed to several risks and unsatisfactory couple relations. It is needed to carry out studies with statistically representative samples along with qualitative studies to understand the life world and health care issues for women with spinal cord injury.
DARPA's Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) Program

Dramatic success in machine learning has led to a new wave of AI applications (for example, transportation, security, medicine, finance, defense) that offer tremendous benefits but cannot explain their decisions and actions to human users. DARPA’s explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) program endeavors to create AI systems whose learned models and decisions can be understood and appropriately trusted by end users. Realizing this goal requires methods for learning more explainable models, designing effective explanation interfaces, and understanding the psychologic requirements for effective explanations. The XAI developer teams are addressing the first two challenges by creating ML techniques and developing principles, strategies, and human-computer interaction techniques for generating effective explanations. Another XAI team is addressing the third challenge by summarizing, extending, and applying psychologic theories of explanation to help the XAI evaluator define a suitable evaluation framework, which the developer teams will use to test their systems. The XAI teams completed the first of this 4-year program in May 2018. In a series of ongoing evaluations, the developer teams are assessing how well their XAM systems’ explanations improve user understanding, user trust, and user task performance.
On the elasto-plastic stability analysis of circular cylindrical shells

Copyright ©: SDSS'2016. The stability of thin circular shells under proportional and non-proportional loading, i.e. axial tensile stress and external pressure is extensively investigated. Two plasticity theories are considered; the flow and the deformation theory of plasticity. The results obtained confirm that under over-constrained kinematic assumptions the deformation theory tends to provides lower values of buckling pressure and the discrepancies in the results from the two plasticity theories increase with increasing thickness ratios, tensile stresses, boundary clamping E/σy and ratio.
Precision Medicine for Frontotemporal Dementia

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a common young-onset dementia presenting with heterogeneous and distinct syndromes. It is characterized by progressive deficits in behavior, language, and executive function. The disease may exhibit similar characteristics to many psychiatric disorders owing to its prominent behavioral features. The concept of precision medicine has recently emerged, and it involves neurodegenerative disease treatment that is personalized to match an individual's specific pattern of neuroimaging, neuropathology, and genetic variability. In this paper, the pathophysiology underlying FTD, which is characterized by the selective degeneration of the frontal and temporal cortices, is reviewed. We also discuss recent advancements in FTD research from the perspectives of clinical, imaging, molecular characterizations, and treatment. This review focuses on the approach of precision medicine to manage the clinical and biological complexities of FTD.
The management of mineral and bone disease after kidney transplantation: A narrative overview

Post-transplant mineral bone disease (PT-MBD) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant recipients. Bone abnormalities can range from adynamic bone disease to severe persistent hyperparathyroidism with associated hypercalcemia and hypophosphataemia. In addition, these patients can develop other complications such as osteopenia and osteoporosis; further increasing the risk of fragility fractures. Appropriate management is challenging, given the lack of robust evidence. Bone turnover biomarkers and imaging studies are not entirely validated to differentiate between these pathological entities. Available interventions to control high turnover bone disease include calcimimetic drugs (Cinacalcet) and surgical parathyroidectomy. Cinacalcet has been shown to improve bone biochemistry and reduce the number of required parathyroidectomies. However, none of the meta-analyses identified a significant reduction in the overall mortality. Cinacalcet remains the treatment of choice for high turnover bone disease in the first year after transplantation, sometimes serving as a precursor to the surgery. In general, severe hyperparathyroidism does not respond adequately to cinacalcet alone, and many of these patients would eventually require parathyroidectomy. In our opinion, total parathyroidectomy should be avoided as this leads to undetectable PTH and subsequent adynamic bone disease. Anti-resorptive treatment, on the other hand, is indicated for proven osteoporosis if excretory graft function permits. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of the management of PT-MBD, based on the current best available evidence. *Correspondence to: Jesmar Buttigieg, Medical Department, Renal Division, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta, Tel: 2545 5579; E-mail: jesmar.buttigieg@gov.mt
The Influence of Installed Technologies on Future Adoption Decisions: Empirical Evidence from E-Business

This paper studies the adoption times of various e-business technologies in a large sample of firms from 10 different industry sectors and 25 European countries between 1994 and 2002. The results show that the probability of adoption increases with the number of previously adopted e-business technologies. Hence, the more advanced a firm is in using e-business technologies, the more likely it is to adopt additional e-business technologies, provided technologies do not substitute each other in their functionalities. This result is relevant for the marketing of new technologies, strategic planning and, from an economic perspective, for the convergence of growth across regions.
Breeding Ecology of the Swallow-Tailed Gull, Creagrus furcatus

THE Galfipagos Swallow-tailed Gull, Creagrus furcatus--referred to as Creagrus throughout this paper--was little known until a series of papers by Moynihan (1962), Hailman (1964a, 1964b, 1965), Snow and Snow (1967, 1968), and Nelson (1968a) showed it to be one of the most aberrant and interesting species of gulls. Hailman (1964b) showed that the species breeds throughout he year but that natural groupings of nests have their breeding synchronized, probably by social stimulation. Snow and Snow (1967), working on South' Plaza Island, found that individual pairs of gulls lay, on average, every 10 months if successful in raising a young, and rather more frequently if unsuccessful. Between cycles the molting adults are absent from the colonies for an average of about 4.5 months. With the exception of the Snows, who made fortnightly observations between February 1963 and April 1964, observers of the species had spent little time in Gal•pagos and a further long-term study on the species was obviously needed. Between November 1965 and July 1967 my wife and I were resident at the Charles Darwin Research Station in the Gal•pagos and were able to make regular visits to Plaza and scattered observations at most other seabird colonies in the archipelago. We spent at least 10 days a month on Plaza, with a single exception, usually divided into a stay of a week or more with several day visits timed so that never more than 10 days elapsed without a visit. In all we spent 208 days on the island. The systematic position of the species is obscure, but in view of its specialized biology and behavior I have considered it best left in the monotypic genus and have not followed Moynihan (1959) in lureping all the gulls into a single genus Larus. Moynihan (1959) tentatively placed Creagrus alongside the much smaller Sabine's Gull (Xema sabini) because
Phonon Properties in Superlattices

Phonon Properties in Superlattices Samuel C. Huberman Masters of Applied Science Graduate Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto 2013 We use normal mode decomposition to obtain phonon properties from quasi-harmonic lattice dynamics calculations and classical molecular dynamics simulations in unstrained Lennard-Jones argon superlattices with perfect and mixed interfaces. Debye scaling of phonon lifetimes at low frequencies in both perfect and mixed superlattices and Rayleigh scaling for intermediate frequencies in mixed superlattices is observed. For short period mixed superlattices, lifetimes below the Ioffe-Regel limit are observed. The relaxationtime approximation of the Boltzmann transport equation is used to predict cross-plane and in-plane thermal conductivity. We find that using a dispersion relation which includes the secondary periodicity is required to predict thermal conductivity. The assumption of perturbative disorder, where Tamura elastic mass defect scattering theory can be applied, was found to be valid for predicting cross-plane thermal conductivities but not in-plane thermal conductivities in mixed superlattices.
Identification of β-Haemolytic Streptococci among Pharyngitis Cases at Bir Hospital, Kathmandu

Respiratory tract infection is one of the major reasons of patients seeking medical care. Among infections pharangitis is most common in the upper respiratory tract, which is seen most frequently in children and adolescents and less frequently among adults. The objective of this study was to analyze the underlying bacterial pathogens in pharyngitis cases and antibiotic susceptibility of various isolates. During February to August, 2010, a total of 134 patients visiting E.N. T. OPD of Bir Hospital complaining sore throat were studied. The throat swabs of the patients were cultured in 5.0% sheep blood agar plates and incubated at 37°C for 24-48 hrs. Clear transparent β-haemolytic colonies of the germs were selected and identified. Group A streptococcus was identified by β-haemolytic colonies with bacitracin and penicillin sensitivity, gram staining, catalase negativity and growth on crystal violet blood agar. In this study, 23 (17.2%) patients were positive for β-haemolytic streptococci. Among them, 12 (9%) were identified as Group A streptococcus. The culture positive for BHS was highest (56.5%) among the age group of 21-40 years. Pathogens other than β-haemolytic streptococci were isolated from 9 patients, of which 4 cases showed mixed bacterial growth. Other bacterial isolates reported in the study were Staphylococcus aureus 6 (4.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 5 (3.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2 (1.5%), Citrobacter freundii 1 (0.7%), and yeast cells 1 (0.7%). It was found that infections caused by β-haemolytic streptococci was significantly higher p =0.0084 i.e. ( p <0.05) than infections caused by other bacteria. This study demonstrated that young adults of age group 21-40 were affected by streptococcal pharyngitis. The isolates of GAS were 100% sensitive to amoxycillin, cephalexin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and azithromycin followed by cotrimoxazole (91.7%) and erythromycin (91.7%). DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/njst.v14i2. 10427 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 14, No. 2 (2013) 137-142
Dropping Out of School? A Competing Risks Analysis of Young Immigrants' Progress in the Educational System

This paper analyses the drop-out and graduation behaviour of young 1st generation immigrants enrolled in a qualifying education in the period 1984-1999. The descriptive analyses show that the low educational achievements among young immigrants compared to young ethnic Danes found in other studies are a combination of low enrolment rates and high drop-out rates among the immigrants. Especially, male immigrants have much higher dropout rates and lower completion rates than ethnic Danes. A competing risk duration model is used to analyse the time patterns of drop-out rates and completion rates for immigrants, as well as the effects of variables such as age at migration, marital status, the presence of young children, parental education, and ethnic origin. The results show that marriage reduces the probability of educational enrolment for female immigrants as well as for male immigrants, but also that being (or becoming) married leads to a decline in the female immigrants' drop-out rate. Age at migration exerts a negative influence on the probability of enrolling in an education, and for women age at migration also affects the dropout rate. Parental capital shows no effect on the immigrants drop-out and completion rates.
Prognostic Significance of Tumour Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast

Academic Pathology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham and Breast Institute, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK. Histopathology department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Egypt, Histopathology department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
The Cold Fusion Phenomenon as a Complexity (1) - Complexity in the Cold Fusion Phenomenon -

The science of complex systems treats such problems as why simple particles organize themselves spontaneously complex structures like stars, galaxies, hurricanes, and Coulomb lattices of neutron and proton clusters surrounded by a dilute neutron gas in the neutron star matter, as what is the cause of 1/f – fluctuation, and as what means the edge of chaos. The cold fusion phenomenon (CFP) has revealed such nature of many-particle effects as a complexity as shown by various experimental results as the “stability effect” in the nuclear transmutation and the “inverse-power law” in the excess power generation. The complexity of the cold fusion phenomenon originates in the non-linear interactions between millions of agents (component particles in the cold fusion materials) and is magnified by enormous energy difference (about an order of 108) of the cause (atomic) and the effect (nuclear). Existence of complexity in the cold fusion phenomenon is explained in this paper.
Quantification of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in goat milk based yoghurts with added water-soluble soy extract

This work was carried out with the objective of evaluating the microbiological aspects, during 29 days of storage, through the quantification of viable cells and probiotic bacteria enumeration, of strawberry flavored yoghurts produced with goat milk with water-soluble soy extract and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis probiotic culture during processing. Determination of the viable cell count during yoghurt storage showed that the number of lactic bacteria found was below the expected only in the treatment in which there was water-soluble soy extract addition, not presenting microbiological viability. The other yoghurt treatments were viable during storage. The enumeration of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis showed that the yoghurt treatments presented microbiological viability during storage. We concluded that the addition of water-soluble soy extract interfered negatively with the production of goat milk based yoghurts.
Data report: magnetic property studies of sediments and rocks from IODP Expedition 316 1

In this report, we present paleomagnetic and rock magnetic results from samples recovered during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 316. Expedition 316 was designed to evaluate the deformation, inferred depth of detachment, structural partitioning, and fault zone physical characteristics and fluid flow of the Nankai Trough seismogenic zone in the Philippine Sea, off the east coast of southwestern Japan. Drilling was conducted at two sites in the megasplay region (Sites C0004 and C0008) and two sites within the frontal thrust region (Sites C0006 and C0007). Progressive demagnetization experiments conducted on discrete rock samples demonstrate that these rocks contain a stable natural remanent magnetization of both polarities, with unblocking temperatures slightly below the Curie temperature of magnetite. Two general types of behavior were found in the rock magnetic measurements of Expedition 316 cores. One group has a single phase of Ti-poor titanomagnetite. Several representative samples of this titanomagnetite group exhibit a Verwey transition in the vicinity of 120 K, which is in good agreement with the thermomagnetic characteristics of titanomagnetites with Curie temperatures of ~580°C that were identified. The second group is characterized by more than one Curie temperature, which suggests the presence of multiple magnetic phases. Thermomagnetic signatures indicate the inversion of titanomaghemite to a strongly magnetized magnetite and hysteresis ratios clustering toward the multidomain region (with higher Hcr/Hc ratios). The samples analyzed in this study indicate that rock samples from Expedition 316 sites have general good magnetic stability, supporting the inference that the characteristic directions of magnetization isolated from the Nankai Trough drill sites were acquired during original deposition and the stable inclinations identified from these samples are useful for tectonic studies.