Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plasma urate changes in pre-eclampsia.

life table rate per 100 woman-years, in which this problem of interpretation does not arise. (3) The risk factors which predispose to ectopic pregnancy vary from population to population and may vary between users of different contraceptive methods. Unless this variability is taken into account bias may be introduced. Future studies should be designed to ensure that such bias is excluded. (4) All published studies of ectopic pregnancy rates have, so far as can be determined, failed to state the criteria for the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, leading perhaps to an overestimate of its incidence. If ectopic pregnancy is thought to have occurred in test or control patients in any clinical trial of an IUD all material removed from the peritoneal cavity should be examined. Fluid, blood clots, and curettings, if taken, should be studied macroscopically. Clots should be sieved or fixed and sliced for gross examination and all suspicious areas examined microscopically. The aim of the verification of the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy is to improve the accuracy of incidence data in IUD studies. For this purpose it is considered essential for the diagnosis that fetal parts (identified grossly or microscopically) and/or trophoblast are identified. Decidual reaction and/or blood in the Fallopian tube is not sufficient to establish the diagnosis. This definition does not preclude a presumptive diagnosis made for clinical purposes, based for example on tubal disruption, decidual change in Fallopian tube or endometrium, gross blood in the peritoneal cavity, or other suggestive operative findings. (5) Because of the limited data available and the difficulties of comparisons between studies it is not possible to state that the Progestasert IUD users are at higher risk of ectopic pregnancy than other IUD users. Ectopic pregnancy rates for Lippes Loop and copper-carrying IUD users quoted by Dr Snowden, 0 06 and 0-05/100 woman-years respectively, are much lower than those cited by Vessey et al,2 0121/100 woman-years for a variety of IUDs. Dr Snowden compares UK data with world-wide data for the Progestasert IUD, a comparison which is felt to be invalid.
The Vision of the Pore

Proteins that reside within membranes have been notoriously hard to crystallize, and so we have few detailed views of their structure. In this issue, the laboratory of MacKinnon ([ Doyle et al ][1]. and [ MacKinnon et al ][2].) now present the x-ray crystal structure of a potassium channel from the bacteria Streptomyces lividans . In his commentary, Armstrong explains the exciting features of the structure and the importance of this protein for electrical signaling in the nervous system. [1]: http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/short/280/5360/69 [2]: http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/short/280/5360/106
Perceptions Of Local Businesses On The Newly Proposed National Minimum Wage In South Africa

As a country faced with many socio-economic challenges government intervention prompting protests are not unique to South Africa. In light of these confining circumstances, requests from various economic agents, especially labour unions have been directed towards the implementation of a national minimum wage (NMW). Although theory advocates negative effects from minimum wages, international evidence regarding these labour market interventions shows conflicting outcomes. The main aim of the study was to analyse business owners’ perceptions regarding the impact of the implementation of a NMW. A qualitative research approach was adopted to collect data with a total of 10 in-depth interviews conducted with business owners in the Vaal Triangle region, Gauteng. The results of the study showed that participants acknowledged the advantage of implementing a NMW, perceiving the intervention as a much needed step towards greater equality. Other perceived advantages involved the security a NMW provides job-seekers and the possible impact on improved demand for goods and services as higher wages stimulate the economy. Concerns however were raised regarding small firms’ ability to cover these wages and the capability of the legislation to account for inherent skill differences in various sectors. The findings of the study provide valuable insights especially in the South African context and even more so from a demand side perspective regarding the possible impact of these labour market interventions.
Pengaruh Size, Age, Profitability, Leverage dan Sales Growth Terhadap Tax Avoidance

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Size, Age, Profitability, Leverage, Sales Growth on Tax Avoidance. The population which is the object of this research is the basic and chemical industry sectors listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2012 - 2016. The total population of 68 companies, this study obtained by purposive sampling technique which then resulted in 32 research samples for further investigation. The analysis technique used is logistic regression analysis. Based on data analysis and discussion can be concluded that Size, Age, Profitability, Leverage, and Sales Growth has no effect on Tax Avoidance. This means that the government succeeded in conducting Tax Amnesty program which has the impact of the company will not do Tax Avoidance
Is There Any Association Between Adiponectin Gene Polymorphisms and Cardiovascular Disease?

In this issue of Angiology, Rizk et al assess the association of adiponectin gene polymorphisms and, in particular, rs2241766 (þT45G) and rs1501299 (þG276T), with adiponectin levels and with the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in an Arabian cohort of Qatar. Despite the study’s limitations, such as the small sample size, the small proportion of females, and its cross-sectional nature, the authors concluded that only the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) T45G (and not SNP G276T) was associated with ACS. Among the various genotypes of T45G, the GG carriers were associated with a higher risk of developing an ACS and having lower adiponectin levels. Some parameters were also addressed, such as diabetes mellitus (DM), number of blood vessels affected, and the ejection fraction status in ACS, but no association with the genotype distributions of T45G or G276T polymorphisms was found, except for EF with T45G. This editorial considers some additional aspects of this topic.
Development of the Upper-Body Dressing Scale for a Buttoned Shirt: A Preliminary Correlational Study

Suzuki M, Yamada S, Omori M, Hatakeyama H, Sugimura Y, Matsushita K, Tagawa Y: Development of the upper-body dressing scale for a buttoned shirt: a preliminary correlational study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2008;87:740–749. Objectives:A patient with poststroke hemiparesis learns to use the nonparetic arm to compensate for the weakness of the paretic arm to achieve independence in dressing. This is the learning process of new component actions on dressing. The purpose of this study was to develop the Upper-Body Dressing Scale (UBDS) for buttoned shirt dressing, which evaluates the component actions of upper-body dressing, and to provide preliminary data on internal consistency of the UBDS, as well as its reproducibility, validity, and sensitivity to clinical change. Design:Correlational study of concurrent validity and reliability in which 63 consecutive stroke patients were enrolled in the study and were assessed repeatedly by the UBDS and the dressing item of Functional Independent Measure (FIM). Results:Fifty-one patients completed the 3-wk study. The Cronbach’s coefficient &agr; of UBDS was 0.88. The principal component analysis extracted two components, which explained 62.3% of total variance. All items of the scale had high loading on the first component (0.65–0.83). Actions on the paralytic side were the positive loadings and actions on the healthy side were the negative loadings on the second component. Intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.87. The level of correlation between UBDS score and FIM dressing item scores was −0.72. Logistic regression analysis showed that only the score of UBDS on the first day of evaluation was a significant independent predictor of dressing ability (odds ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.71–0.95). The UBDS scores for paralytic hand passed into the sleeve, sleeve pulled up beyond the elbow joint, and sleeve pulled up beyond the shoulder joint were worse than the score for the other components of the task. These component actions had positive loading on the second component, which was identified by the principal component analysis. Conclusions:The UBDS has good internal consistency, reproducibility, validity, and sensitivity to clinical changes of patients with poststroke hemiparesis. This detailed UBDS assessment enables us to document the most difficult stages in dressing and to assess motor and process skills for independence of dressing.
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kebijakan hutang perusahaan non keuangan publik

The purpose of this research is to get an empirical evidence about influence of non-debt tax shield, tangibility, profitability, growth, size, manajerial ownership, institutional ownership, dividend policy, business risk, and investment opportunity set on debt policy. The population of this research are allnon financial companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from the period of 2010 to 2013. Sample selection procedure carried out by implementing purposive sampling method with total sample 33 non financial companies. Data are analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The result indicates that non-debt tax shield, tangibility, profitability, growth, size, institutional ownership, and dividend policy have influence toward debt policy. Other independent variables such as manajerial ownership, business risk, and investment opportunity set do not have influence toward debt policy.
Mosquito host‐feeding patterns and implications for Japanese encephalitis virus transmission in northern Australia and Papua New Guinea

Abstract. Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus spread to northern Australia during the 1990s, transmitted by Culex annulirostris Skuse and other mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). To determine the relative importance of various hosts for potential vectors of JE virus, we investigated the host‐feeding patterns of mosquitoes in northern Australia and Western Province of Papua New Guinea, with particular attention to pigs, Sus scrofa L. – the main amplifying host of JE virus in South‐east Asia. Mosquitoes were collected by CDC light traps baited with dry ice and 1‐octen‐3‐ol, run 16.00–08.00 hours, mostly set away from human habitations, if possible in places frequented by feral pigs. Bloodmeals of 2569 mosquitoes, representing 15 species, were identified by gel diffusion assay. All species had fed mostly on mammals: only <10% of bloodmeals were from birds. The predominant species was Cx. annulirostris (88%), with relatively few (4.4%) bloodmeals obtained from humans. From all 12 locations sampled, the mean proportion of Cx. annulirostris fed on pigs (9.1%) was considerably lower than fed on other animals (90.9%). Highest rates of pig‐fed mosquitoes (>30%) were trapped where domestic pigs were kept close to human habitation. From seven of eight locations on the Australian mainland, the majority of Cx. annulirostris had obtained their bloodmeals from marsupials, probably the Agile wallaby Macropus agilis (Gould). Overall proportions of mosquito bloodmeals identified as marsupial were 60% from the Gulf Plains region of Australia, 78% from the Cape York Peninsula and 64% from the Daru area of Papua New Guinea. Thus, despite the abundance of feral pigs in northern Australia, our findings suggest that marsupials divert host‐seeking Cx. annulirostris away from pigs. As marsupials are poor JE virus hosts, the prevalence of marsupials may impede the establishment of JE virus in Australia.
Control of soil‐transmitted helminthiasis in Myanmar: results of 7 years of deworming

After a baseline survey in 2003 which showed an overall parasitological prevalence of soil‐transmitted helminths of 69.7% in school children (prevalence of ascariasis 48.5%, prevalence of trichuriasis 57.5% and prevalence of hookworm infection 6.5), a national deworming programme was established. After 7 years of implementation, it had resulted in a significant reduction of STH prevalence (prevalence of any STH 21%, prevalence of ascariasis 5.8%, prevalence of trichuriasis 18.6% and prevalence of hookworm infection 0.3%) as well as a reduction of the infections of moderate‐heavy intensity from 18.5% at baseline to less than 7%. The results are encouraging and a reduction of the frequency of deworming can be envisaged in two of four ecological areas of Myanmar.
Can We Retrieve the Information Which Was Intentionally Forgotten? Electrophysiological Correlates of Strategic Retrieval in Directed Forgetting

Retrieval inhibition hypothesis of directed forgetting effects assumed TBF (to-be-forgotten) items were not retrieved intentionally, while selective rehearsal hypothesis assumed the memory representation of retrieved TBF (to-be-forgotten) items was weaker than TBR (to-be-remembered) items. Previous studies indicated that directed forgetting effects of item-cueing method resulted from selective rehearsal at encoding, but the mechanism of retrieval inhibition that affected directed forgetting of TBF (to-be-forgotten) items was not clear. Strategic retrieval is a control process allowing the selective retrieval of target information, which includes retrieval orientation and strategic recollection. Retrieval orientation via the comparison of tasks refers to the specific form of processing resulted by retrieval efforts. Strategic recollection is the type of strategies to recollect studied items for the retrieval success of targets. Using a “directed forgetting” paradigm combined with a memory exclusion task, our investigation of strategic retrieval in directed forgetting assisted to explore how retrieval inhibition played a role on directed forgetting effects. When TBF items were targeted, retrieval orientation showed more positive ERPs to new items, indicating that TBF items demanded more retrieval efforts. The results of strategic recollection indicated that: (a) when TBR items were retrieval targets, late parietal old/new effects were only evoked by TBR items but not TBF items, indicating the retrieval inhibition of TBF items; (b) when TBF items were retrieval targets, the late parietal old/new effect were evoked by both TBR items and TBF items, indicating that strategic retrieval could overcome retrieval inhibition of TBF items. These findings suggested the modulation of strategic retrieval on retrieval inhibition of directed forgetting, supporting that directed forgetting effects were not only caused by selective rehearsal, but also retrieval inhibition.
Evaluating Public Participation Mechanisms in LA21 Programs in Malaysia

"Objective – The role of local government in LA21 is important in order to harness local level participation. In Malaysia, as in many other countries, the need to engage the public in sustainable development issues has shifted the focus to more decentralized and bottom up approaches in harnessing public participation in achieving sustainable development. This means that local authorities as the leading partners in LA21 need to work with the local community and the private sector to develop community action plans for sustainability under Local Agenda 21(LA21). Thus, the overall goal of the study is to determine how participation can best be implemented in LA21 programmes in selective councils by evaluating the key participatory mechanisms that have been employed by the councils. Methodology/Technique – This is a qualitative study that was conducted on four specific councils in West and East Malaysia to determine the effectiveness of the participatory mechanisms used in LA21 programs. The main methods of data collection were through the use of semi-structured interviews, focus groups and document analysis. Findings – The overall conclusion is that the councils were still using the conventional methods to encourage public participation and hence were not able to enhance public participation in the LA21 program. Novelty – The study will not only create a framework for local councils intending to implement a bottom-up approach to participation but also establish a base-line description of participatory mechanisms in LA21 programmes to encourage further research in this area of evolving LA21 research. "
Colossal magnetoresistance of ferromagnetic manganites: Structural tuning and mechanisms.

The amplitude $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\rho}(T,H)/\ensuremath{\rho}$ and temperature ${T}_{M}$, where the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) response of ${L}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ manganites are maximum, are found to be controlled by the radius of the lanthanide $({L}^{3+})$ which modifies the bending of the Mn-O-Mn bond. Increasing the bond distortion lowers ${T}_{M}$ and enhances $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\rho}(T,H)/\ensuremath{\rho}$. Enhanced CMR arises from (1) a shift to lower temperatures of ${T}_{M}$, (2) a reduced mobility of the doping holes, and (3) an increase of the coupling between itinerant and localized electrons. The resistivity $\ensuremath{\rho}\left(H\right)$ follows an $\ensuremath{\approx}{\mathrm{BM}}^{2}\left(H\right)$ law and the parameter $B$ is also tuned by the Mn-O-Mn bond angle. The narrowing of the electronic bandwidth is the fundamental parameter controlling the observed CMR.
An Assessment of Critical Success Factors Affecting Public Sector Projects: A Case of Shinyanga Municipality

It is a justifiable fact that there is a substantial amount of funds from local and foreign aid invested in Tanzania public sector projects, targeting to facilitate development and alleviate poverty in the community. However, the effectiveness of these funds remains uncertain as many among these projects are reported that does not meet the planned objectives. The main objective of this study was to assess the critical success factors influencing public sector projects’ success in public Sector projects in Shinyanga Municipality, Tanzania. A Cross-sectional research design was deployed in Shinyanga Municipality in Shinyanga region. Using a purposive sampling technique, a total of 132 project implementers were selected and interviewed using structured questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS for windows version 23.0. Descriptive binary analysis using frequencies and percentages were conducted. The findings revealed that there is significant strong positive relationship between critical success factors and project success. Results showed that critical success factors explain 99.5% of project success variations. The researcher recommended that policy makers should establish effective strategies that reflect critical success factors and adopt an efficacious follow up technique to assist public projects meet the intended objectives. Since the linkage between project management practices and project success is inevitable, critical management practices such as monitoring, evaluation and client satisfaction should be re-considered for nourishment and sustainability of public sector projects. Key words: Critical Success Factors, Public Sector and Project Success.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK, KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN PERSEPSI HARGA TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN(Studi pada Pelanggan Members Game Center Skyland Kota Semarang)

Game center is one of the business opportunities in the service sector with a growing potential market, so that business people take advantage of the opportunity to create a game center. This research was conducted to analyze the effect of Product Quality, Service Quality, and Price Perceptions on Customer Loyalty with a survey on Members Of Skyland Game Center. Data collection technique conducted in this study is a questionnaire. The sample was chosen by non probability sampling technique. Respondents in this research are Members of Skyland game center with a total of 95 respondents with the criteria of at least 3 times using the service. The technique used to analyze the influence of independent variables and dependent variable of this research is linear regression analysis. Result of research prove that hypothesis one Product Quality have positive effect to Customer Loyalty accepted. The second hypothesis of Service of Quality has a positive effect on Customer Loyalty accepted. The third hypothesis of price persepsion has a negative effect on Customer Loyalty was reject. Coefficient of determination test results stated that the three independent variables have an influence of 44.9% of Customer Loyalty. Skyland Game Center is expected to make the price more relevant and more affordable by knowing consumer preferences that can make consumer loyalty increase.
Analysis of a 3-phase air-core superconducting power transformer

The air-core superconducting power transformer has been investigated as one type of superconducting transformer. According to previous investigations, the air-core superconducting power transformer has many advantages compared to an iron-core superconducting or conventional power transformers. However, since these investigations about air-core superconducting power transformers have mainly been done for single-phase transformers, investigations of 3-phase transformers are indispensable as the next step. In this paper, results of previous investigations about single-phase air-core superconducting transformers, such as theoretical characteristics, are expanded into 3-phase. Then, the results of load tests obtained by using an experimental 3-phase air-core superconducting transformer are shown to confirm the results of the theoretical investigations.
The Null Distribution of Person-Fit Statistics for Conventional and Adaptive Tests

Several person-fit statistics have been proposed to detect item score patterns that do not fit an item response theory model. To classify response patterns as misfitting, the distribution of a person-fit statistic is needed. The theoretical null distributions of several fit statistics have been derived for paper-and-pencil (P&P) tests. However, it is unknown whether these distributions also hold for computerized adaptive tests (CAT). A three-part simulation study was conducted. In the first study, the theoretical distribution of the l z statistic across trait. θlevels for CAT and P&P tests was investigated. The distribution of the l* z statistic proposed by Snijders (in press) was also investigated. Results indicated that the distribution of both l z and l* z differed from the theoretical distribution in CAT. The second study examined the distributions of l z and l* z using simulation. These simulated distributions, when based on O [UNKNOWN], were found to be problematic in CAT. In the third study, the detection rates of l* z and l z were compared. The rates for both statistics were found to be similar in most cases.
Wireless smart meters and public acceptance: The environment, limited choices, and precautionary politics

Wireless smart meters (WSMs) promise numerous environmental benefits, but they have been installed without full consideration of public acceptance issues. Although societal-implications research and regulatory policy have focused on privacy, security, and accuracy issues, our research indicates that health concerns have played an important role in the public policy debates that have emerged in California. Regulatory bodies do not recognize non-thermal health effects for non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, but both homeowners and counter-experts have contested the official assurances that WSMs pose no health risks. Similarities and differences with the existing social science literature on mobile phone masts are discussed, as are the broader political implications of framing an alternative policy based on an opt-out choice. The research suggests conditions under which health-oriented precautionary politics can be particularly effective, namely, if there is a mandatory technology, a network of counter-experts, and a broader context of democratic contestation.