Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FIGURES OF LANGUAGE IN COGNITIVE SCIENCE IN THE LIGHT OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE PROCESSING IN THE BRAIN

5 Abbreviations . 6 Notation . 7 1 Introduction . 8 2 The psycholinguistics of metaphors . 9 2.1 Linguistic and conceptual interpretations . 9 2.2 On-line metaphor processing . 11 3 Right hemispherical language: figuratively strong . 13 3.1 Lateralization and metaphor . 14 3.2 Novelty: salience, coarse coding, & difficulty . 15 3.3 Sentence complexity, context, & pragmatics . 20 3.4 Conclusions . 22 4 The science of metaphors: an alternative account . 23 4.1 Semantics of category assertions . 23 4.2 Inverse containment . 26 4.3 Abstract substitution . 29 4.4 The neuroscience of abstractness . 32 4.5 The lateralization of relevance . 35 4.6 The use of metaphor . 38 5 The metaphors of cognitive science . 39 5.1 Metaphors of the mind . 40 5.2 Brains mapped on the brain . 43 5.3 Unresolvable debates of cognition . 46 5.4 Systems of domains . 47 6 Thesis points . 52 6.1 Thesis point I . 52 6.2 Thesis point II . 52 6.3 Thesis point III . 53 6.4 Thesis point IV . 53
Dynamics in Quantum Spin Glass Systems

1 Zusammenfassung 2 Introduction 3 1 The dynamical self-consistency problem 4 1.1 Model definition . 4 1.2 The Popov-Fedotov-Trick . 5 1.3 The dynamical spin glass decoupling scheme . 7 1.3. 1 Disorder average . 8 1.3. 2 First decoupling step and effective action . 9 1.3. 3 The dynamical saddle point . 9 1.3. 4 Second decoupling step: Non-interacting fermions . 11 1.3. 5 The free energy . 13 1.4 The dynamical self-consistency equations . 14 1.4. 1 Extremization of the free energy . 14 1.4. 1.1 Equation for q 0 ν . 15 1.4. 1.2 Equation for qν . 15 1.4. 1.3 Equation for qm6=0 ν . 16 1.4. 1.4 Final formulation of the self-consistency equations . 17 1.4. 2 Explicit construction of the spin-spin correlations . 18 1.4. 2.1 Equation for qν . 18 1.4. 2.2 Equation for qm ν . 19 1.4. 3 Conclusion and summary of the dynamical self-consistency problem . 20 2 The Heisenberg spin glass 24 2.1 The spin-static approximation . 25 2.1.1 Spin-static self-consistency equations . 25
An extended framework of continuous-stage Runge-Kutta methods

We propose an extended framework for continuous-stage Runge-Kutta methods which enables us to treat more complicated cases especially for the case weighting on infinite intervals. By doing this, various types of weighted orthogonal polynomials (e.g., Jacobi polynomials, Laguerre polynomials, Hermite polynomials etc.) can be used in the construction of Runge-Kutta-type methods. Particularly, families of Runge-Kutta-type methods with geometric properties can be constructed in this new framework. As examples, some new symplectic integrators by using Legendre polynomials, Laguerre polynomials and Hermite polynomials are constructed.
A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON MEMES , HASHTAGS , AND SPEECH CHAINS

This article investigates the reaction, on Twitter, to Pope Benedict XVI’s resignation announcement. Specifically, this is a qualitative study in linguistic anthropology of how memes and hashtags circulated on Twitter between the day of the announcement of said resignation and the Pope’s last day in office, and identifies the speech chains created by them. The analysis of the corpus showed that Twitter users' deployment of hashtags serves two purposes: on the one hand, it creates a topic/comment structure that is later reproduced, modified or abandoned by other users. On the other hand, hashtags function as performative acts that create online ad hoc communities. In addition, this article also claims that English and Romance-language users created and circulated image and text-based memes differently, thus establishing two language-based speech chains. In sum, this article contributes to discussions on informational flux on online platforms by demonstrating that said flux does have constraints, and that those constraints are related to language-based communities of practice.
Microendoscopic decompression for cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

OBJECT Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a common cervical degenerative disease that affects the elderly population. Spinal cord decompression is achieved through various anterior and posterior approaches including anterior cervical decompression and fusion, laminectomy, laminoplasty, and combined approaches. The authors describe another option, minimally invasive endoscopically assisted decompression of stenosis (MEDS), which obviates the need for muscle dissection and disruption of the posterior tension band, a cause of postlaminectomy kyphosis. METHODS The authors conducted a retrospective study of 10 patients with CSM who underwent MEDS from January 2002 through July 2012. Data were collected on demographics, preoperative and postoperative Nurick scores, postoperative Odom scores, and preoperative and postoperative Cobb angles. RESULTS The mean patient age (± SD) was 67 ± 7.7 years; 8 patients were male. The average number of disc levels operated on was 2.2 (range 1-4). The mean Nurick score was 1.6 ± 0.7 preoperatively and improved to 0.3 ± 0.7 postoperatively (p < 0.0005). The postoperative Odom scores indicated excellent outcomes for 4 patients, good for 3, fair for 2, and poor for 1. The average preoperative focal Cobb angle at the disc levels operated on was -0. 43º ± 1. 9º. The average Cobb angle at the last follow-up visit was 0.25° ± 1.6° (p = 0.6). The average follow-up time was 18.9 ± 32.1 months. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS For selected patients with CSM, whose pathologic changes are primarily posterior and who have acceptable preoperative lordosis, MEDS is an alternative to open laminectomy and laminoplasty.
Effect of Sclerotium rolfsii on uptake of heavy metal copper in pea (Pisum sativum)

Pot experiment was designed to assess the effect of southern blight pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. on growth, yield, qualitative gene expression and metal uptake in pea (Pisum sativum L.). Soil was spiked with 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm of Cu(II) and inoculated with S. rolfsii. Growth, biomass and yield of pea plants were significantly declined by 10‒70% in treatments inoculated with S. rolfsii, and 10‒50% due to different concentrations of Cu(II) alone or combined with the pathogen after 30 and 60 days of growth. Cu(II) uptake capacity of pea plants were increased under combine stress of metal and pathogen as compared to metal alone. Higher metal concentration was recorded in roots than in shoots and pods. Expression of defensin like gene was intense due to combined influence of S. rolfsii and Cu(II) than in plants under pathogenic stress alone. Metallothionein gene was expressed only in Cu(II)-incorporated treatments. The present study concludes that solitary influence of S. rolfsii or Cu was more detrimental to growth and yield of P. sativum as compared to combined stress of both the factors. © 2016 Friends Science Publishers
Newevidence for the presence of ChangbaishanMillennium eruption ash in the Longgang volcanic fi eld , Northeast China

a Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China c Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China d Key Laboratory of the Earth's Deep Interior, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China e State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
STUDIES OF SHADING LEVELS AND NUTRITION SOURCES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND ANDROGRAPHOLIDE CONTENT OF SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata Ness)

Growth and biochemical content of medicinal crops are influenced by agroecosystems characteristics . The objective of this research was to determine the optimum shading level and type of fertilizer as sources of nutrition on the growth, yield, and andrographolide content of sambiloto. The experiment used Split Plot Design with basic design of Randomized Complete Block Design arranged with two treatment factors, with three replications. The first factor as the main plot was shading levels, namely without shading, 25% shading, 50% shading, and 75% shading. The second factor as the sub plot was sources of nutrition reprented by type of fertilizer, namely NPK fertilizer, cow stable fertilizer, and compost fertilizer. The result of research indicated that shading level and the kind of nutrition influenced some growth and yield variables such as number of leaves, number of branches, plant height, plant dry weight and simplisia weight, and andrographolide content. Interaction of shading level at 25% and straw compost fertilizer performed best in growth characteristics, while the highest andrographolide content resulted from the treatment combination of 50% shading level and straw compost fertilizer. Keywords: fertilizer,nutrition, shading, andrographolide, Andrographis paniculata
Increase in Endovascular Therapy in Get With The Guidelines-Stroke After the Publication of Pivotal Trials

Background: Beginning in December 2014, a series of pivotal trials showed that endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) was highly effective, prompting calls to reorganize stroke systems of care. However, there are few data on how these trials influenced the frequency of EVT in clinical practice. We used data from the Get With The Guidelines-Stroke program to determine how the frequency of EVT changed in US practice. Methods: We analyzed prospectively collected data from a cohort of 2 437 975 patients with ischemic stroke admitted to 2222 participating hospitals between April 2003 and the third quarter of 2016. Weighted linear regression with 2 linear splines and a knot at January 2015 was used to compare the slope of the change in EVT use before and after the pivotal trials were published. Potentially eligible patients were defined as last known well to arrival time ⩽4.5 hours and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≥6. Results: The frequency of EVT use was slowly increasing before January 2015 but then sharply accelerated thereafter. In the third quarter 2016, EVT was provided to 3.3% of all patients with ischemic stroke at all hospitals, representing 15.1% of all patients who were potentially eligible for EVT based on stroke duration and severity. At EVT-capable hospitals, 7.5% of all patients with ischemic stroke were treated in the third quarter of 2016, including 27.3% of the potentially eligible patients. From 2013 to 2016, case volumes nearly doubled at EVT-capable hospitals. Mean case volume per EVT-capable hospital was 37.6 per year in the last 4 quarters. EVT case volumes increased in nearly all US states from 2014 to the last 4 quarters, but with persistent geographic variation unexplained by differences in potential patient eligibility. Conclusions: EVT use is increasing rapidly; however, there are still opportunities to treat more patients. Reorganizing stroke systems to route patients to adequately resourced EVT-capable hospitals might increase treatment of eligible patients, improve outcomes, and reduce disparities.
Gastroparesis in carcinoma gallbladder: a scintigraphic study

Gastrointestinal motility disorders have long been recognized as paraneoplastic accompaniments of both gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal tumors. These are distant effects of the underlying malignancy and are not related to local effects of primary tumor or metastasis. Gastroparesis is a clinical syndrome characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical gastric outlet obstruction. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, early satiety, abdominal pain and bloating. Carcinoma of stomach, esophagus, pancreas, gallbladder and extra intestinal malignancies like squamous cell carcinoma of lung and brainstem glioma have been shown to cause gastroparesis with patent gastroduodenal axis. Pathophysiology of these tumors associated gastroparesis is not known. Possible mechanisms postulated include autovagotomy secondary to micro metastasis, retroperitoneal nerve invasion and production of unidentified gastroparetic factors. ABSTRACT
Most Commonly Isolated Bacteria in Urine and their In Vitro Sensitivity to Antibiotics in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and associated lower urinary tract symptoms commonly affect older men. Men with BPH in Podgorica in almost half (47.5%) cases have positive urine culture, out of which 14.2% have polyinfection. Urinary tract infections are most common in the age group 71 to 80 years. Although both groups of men (with and without BPH) are more prone to gram-negative bacterial infections of the urinary tract, K. pneumoniae is significantly more common in men with BPH compared with men without BPH. The results indicate that treatment of men with BPH is much more complex than in men without BPH due to the fact that in the treatment, a number of strains are resistant to levofloxacin (resistance of gram-negative bacteria to levofloxacin at the level of 80.4%, with 89.7% of resistant strains of K. pneumoniae and 73.3% of E . coli strains, as well as resistance of gram-positive bacteria at level of 24.8%, with resistant strains of enterococci in 64.7% of the strains) and β-lactam antibiotics (53.4% of isolated gram-negative bacteria synthesize ESBL enzymes out of which K. pneumoniae in up to 89.7% of the strains). Also, men with BPH have multi drug resistant strains in 53.1% of gram-positive bacteria and 79.7% of gram-negative bacteria. Carbapenems still represent a reserve group of drugs that have a good therapeutic effect in 93.2% of urinary tract infections in men with BPH.
ELABORATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PINEAPPLE LIQUEUR

RESUMO Brazil is the third largest producer of fruits in the world, producing a great variety of fruits throughout the year. Tropical fruits have good distribution and acceptance in the population, as sources of vitamins, minerals and compounds bioactive that aid in the prevention of oxidative stress diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The culture of small centers and rural areas, as well as the regional flora and availability of native trees and fruit, homemade liqueurs are increasing competitiveness with industrialized products. However, some strategies such as marketing research are necessary to help for new product development or even modifications to existing products, since it describes habits and preferences of consumers improving this local product. The objective was to know the habits related to the consumption of alcoholic beverages and to evaluate the consumer's interest about fruit liqueurs, as well as to develop and standardize and characterize a pineapple liqueur, besides assessing the sensorial characteristics of the same. The most of the interviewees do not have the habit of consuming fruit liqueurs, with beer being the preferred alcoholic beverage. Interest in trying a fruit liqueur was almost unanimous among respondents demonstrating the existence of a niche market for fruit liqueur. Alcohol contend was around 18-20°GL. Reducing sugar and total phenolic compounds are desirable components for flavor and identity of the product and were low after maceration. Consumers testing had no significant difference between all attributes, but it was being observed well-acceptance for all formulations with scores ranging from 6.80 to 7.20 and different concentrations of pineapple do not interfere with the sensorial characteristics of the product. Thus, it was concluded that the production of pineapple liqueurs with lower levels of fruit (30%) are accepted and contribute to the economy of production.
Effects of irrigation intervals and nitrogen fertilizer levels on vegetative and reproductive yields of basil ( Ocimum basilicum L . ) under Birjand conditions

In order to study the effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer levels on yield of basil, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Birjand (Moud region) in 2010. Main plot factor was two irrigation levels (7 and 14 days interval) and nitrogen fertilizer (as urea) was considered as sub plot factor in four levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg.ha). Results indicated that treatments affected on majority studied traits of basil. Seed yield was increased in 7 days irrigation interval by 18.4% in compared to 14 days irrigation interval. The highest seed yield was achieved in 100 and 150 kg.ha nitrogen fertilizers that were higher than control by 29.4 and 36.1%. Total biomass was 153.3 g.m in 7 days irrigation interval in compared to 133.8 g.m in 14 days irrigation treatment. The greatest total biomass was show in 150 kg.ha nitrogen fertilizer and the lowest was resulted from 0 and 50 kg ha nitrogen fertilizer levels. Ear number per plant was significantly affected by nitrogen fertilizer levels, but irrigation and fertilizer treatments had no significant effects on seed weight of basil. Increasing of irrigation intervals decreased the leaf yield of basil by 21.3%. Increasing of nitrogen application increased leaf and vegetative yields on basil.
Inequality, credit expansion and financial crises

In the three decades leading up to the financial crisis of 2008/09, income inequality rose across much of the developed world. This has led to a vigorous debate as to whether widening inequality was somehow to blame for the crisis. At the heart of this debate is the question of whether rising inequality leads to private sector credit booms, which are, in turn, widely accepted as a macroeconomic risk factor. Despite growing interest, empirical evidence on an inequality-fragility relationship is limited. That which does exist fails to tip the balance of evidence conclusively one way or the other. This research adds to this scarce body of evidence. Based on an econometric analysis of a panel of eighteen OECD countries covering the period 1970-2007, this study finds a statistically significant, positive relationship between income concentration and private sector indebtedness when controlling for conventional credit determinants. The implications of such a relationship are twofold. First, the view that the distribution of income is irrelevant to macroeconomic outcomes (implicit in mainstream economic thought) needs a second look. Second, if policy makers wish to make the financial system more robust, they should cast the net wider than regulatory and monetary policy reforms, and consider the effects of changes to the distribution income.
Evaluating the importance of Marine Protected Areas for the conservation of hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys imbricata nesting in the Dominican Republic

Understanding spatial and temporal habitat-use patterns to protect both foraging and breeding grounds of species of concern is crucial for successful conservation. Saona Island in Del Este National Park (DENP), south-eastern Dominican Republic (DR), hosts the only major hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) nesting area in the DR (100 nests yr �1 , SD = 8.4, range = 93�111), with the population having been critically reduced through hunting. We satellite tracked 9 female hawksbill turtles, and present analyses of their core-use areas with respect to Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in both their internesting and foraging areas. Kernel utilization distribu- tions indicated that during the internesting period all turtles remained close to their nesting beaches in small home ranges in the territorial waters of the DR, mostly over the continental shelf (<200 m depth). Common core-use areas were located inside the DENP, and 82.7% of all locations were within the DENP. In foraging areas, only 23% of locations were inside MPAs, either in waters of the DR or in waters of the Bahamas, Nicaragua and Honduras. Our results highlight that the protected areas of the DR are vital for hawksbill conservation, and the enforcement of existing leg- islation governing protected areas in the country is crucial. The present study also corroborates that the waters off Nicaragua and Honduras are exceptionally important foraging areas for hawksbills in the Caribbean, showing the turtle's vulnerability in these waters.
Classification and Processing Optimization of Barley Milk Production Using NIR Spectroscopy, Particle Size, and Total Dissolved Solids Analysis

Barley is a grain whose consumption has a significant nutritional benefit for human health as a very good source of dietary fibre, minerals, vitamins, and phenolic and phytic acids. Nowadays, it is more and more often used in the production of plant milk, which is used to replace cow milk in the diet by an increasing number of consumers. The aim of the study was to classify barley milk and determine the optimal processing conditions in barley milk production based on NIR spectra, particle size, and total dissolved solids analysis. Standard recipe for barley milk was used without added additives. Barley grain was ground and mixed in a blender for 15, 30, 45, and 60 seconds. The samples were filtered and particle size of the grains was determined by laser diffraction particle sizing. The plant milk was also analysed using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), in the range from 904 to 1699 nm. Furthermore, conductivity of each sample was determined and microphotographs were taken in order to identify the structure of fat globules and particles in the barley milk. NIR spectra, particle size distribution, and conductivity results all point to 45 seconds as the optimal blending time, since further blending results in the saturation of the samples.
Psychologists’ Authenticity

Psychologists engage in a multitude of social roles of varying degrees of emotionality, subjectivity, and objectivity because of the nature of their profession as well as their unique backgrounds that have drawn them to that profession. This study sought to understand how psychologists recognize and experience the concept of authenticity in the context of their professional lives. A purposeful sample of 17 clinical psychologists from metropolitan areas in the Southwest and the Pacific Northwest were interviewed. Using a phenomenological, qualitative research design, 262 significant statements were extracted and grouped together, resulting in 11 emergent themes specifically relating to a therapeutic, health care context. Rigor and thoroughness were achieved via multiple validation procedures. Psychologists defined authenticity as the matching of one’s inner thoughts, beliefs, and feelings with one’s outer presentation and behaviors. They believed that authenticity involves sensory and emotional qualities rather than purely cognitive or verbal qualities. Concepts of self-disclosure and mindful awareness were discussed as related to authenticity. It is of note that both humanistic and nonhumanistically inclined psychologists equally valued authenticity in the professional and therapeutic setting. Participants also discussed how authenticity and inauthenticity are experienced and modified in the therapeutic relationship, as well as the negative effects of inauthenticity in professional contexts.