Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychological stress and coping in IBD

In recent years there has been increasing recognition by doctors as well as patients that psychological stress can worsen the course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). 1–3 In this issue, Bitton et al ( see page 1386 ) report that the way in which some patients cope increases the risk of relapse of their Crohn’s disease after 1 year4: in other words, the wrong sort of coping can be bad for your health. Stress can be defined as a threat, whether physical or psychological, to an organism’s homeostasis.5 The term coping describes the thoughts and behaviours used to manage the internal and external demands of situations that are perceived as taxing.6 Coping theory states that an individual’s ability to deal with stress depends both on their coping resources and on the strategies they employ when stressed. Resources include not only the social support a patient has, but also their stable personality traits: people who cope well are optimistic and have a strong sense of self-control and high self-esteem.7 Coping strategies have been variously classified and may change with the passage of time. Commonly quoted categories of coping behaviour, which are not mutually exclusive, include problem-solving, emotion-oriented, avoidance-oriented and supportant (table 1). 8–11 While most gastroenterologists will have experience of questionnaires for assessing patients’ psychological state and perceived stress levels,12 fewer will be familiar with those devised to identify people’s coping strategies.13 View this table: Table 1 Common coping strategies (adapted from references8–11) A recent meta-analysis examining coping strategies in health and disease returned heterogeneous results, but in general emotion-focused strategies such as distancing and avoidance were negatively associated with health outcome, while problem-solving approaches were more beneficial.9 It is possible that, by attempting to problem-solve, an individual may reduce the length or intensity of the stressor, and the consequent psychoneuroimmunological …
‘Half a woman, half a man; that is how they make me feel’: a qualitative study of rural Jordanian women’s experience of infertility

Abstract Infertility is a health problem encompassing physical, psychological and social consequences that may threaten women’s quality of life. Few studies have been conducted in Jordan examining rural women’s experiences of infertility. This study aimed to explore responses to infertility and its consequences in the Jordanian rural sociocultural context. Using a descriptive qualitative design, data were collected between April and September 2016 from a fertility clinic in a military hospital in Northern Jordan. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 purposively selected Jordanian women. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings revealing women’s responses to infertility included: submission and docility, self-isolation, internalisation and persistence in getting pregnant by seeking modern and traditional methods of treatment. The impact of infertility complicated women’s everyday living through their experiences of violence, kinship and patriarchal interference, stigma, negative perceptions of the infertile woman, and other’s surveillance of their sexuality. Women living in rural areas of Jordan have negative experiences of infertility that are ingrained in sociocultural beliefs about fertility and reproduction. Healthcare professionals are encouraged to raise public awareness about infertility’s adverse consequences and to help families by enhancing positive responses to infertility.
PENGARUH SATISFACTION DAN TRUST TERHADAP MINAT BELI KONSUMEN (PURCHASE INTENTION) DI STARBUCKS THE SQUARE SURABAYA

The rapid growth of coffee shop in Indonesia caused every coffee shop should have the right strategy in order to survive in the industry. Starbucks is a modern coffee shop that comes from the United States which now has spread to many countries in the world. As one of the modern coffee shop, Starbucks must improve and maintain the customer satisfaction and trust in order to survive and compete in the industry This research aims to analyze the impact of Satisfaction and Trust to Purchase Intention of Starbucks The Square Surabaya. And to know which factors are dominant influencing purchase intention. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 200 respondents that are Starbucks The Square consumen who have ever shop or visit Starbucks The Square . Analysis tool used to measure the Examining the Effect of Satisfaction and Trust to Purchase Intention of Starbucks The Square is Structural Equation Model (SEM) The results of this research indicate the satisfaction and trust have significant effect on Purchase Intention in Starbucks The Square Surabaya.
Single cell analysis reveals similar functional competence of dominant and nondominant CD8 T-cell clonotypes

Immune protection from infectious diseases and cancer is mediated by individual T cells of different clonal origin. Their functions are tightly regulated but not yet fully characterized. Understanding the contribution of each T cell will improve the prediction of immune protection based on laboratory assessment of T-cell responses. Here we developed techniques for simultaneous molecular and functional assessment of single CD8 T cells directly ex vivo. We studied two groups of patients with melanoma after vaccination with two closely related tumor antigenic peptides. Vaccination induced T cells with strong memory and effector functions, as found in virtually all T cells of the first patient group, and fractions of T cells in the second group. Interestingly, high functionality was not restricted to dominant clonotypes. Rather, dominant and nondominant clonotypes acquired equal functional competence. In parallel, this was also found for EBV- and CMV-specific T cells. Thus, the nondominant clonotypes may contribute similarly to immunity as their dominant counterparts.
Comparison of Diagnostic Techniques for the Detection of a Patent Foramen Ovale in Stroke Patients

Background and Purpose The prevalence of a patent foramen ovale has been shown to be increased in patients with ischemic stroke. Transesophageal echocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography, and transcranial Doppler examination with contrast injection can all be used to search for a patent foramen ovale. We compared the accuracy of these techniques for identifying a patent foramen ovale in 49 patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Methods Transcranial Doppler examination of the right middle cerebral artery was performed during simultaneous transthoracic echocardiography with aerated saline injection, and again during transesophageal echocardiography; the latter was adopted as the “gold standard” for assessing the sensitivity of the other two tests. Results Contrast transesophageal echocardiography detected a patent foramen ovale in 19 of 49 patients (39%), during normal respiration in 15 of them and during Valsalva maneuver in 4. Transcranial Doppler correctly identified 13 patients with a patent foramen ovale and all 30 patients without it. Therefore, the sensitivity of transcranial Doppler was 68% (13/19), and its specificity 100% (30/30). The 6 patients misclassified by transcranial Doppler (false negatives) had a very small right-to-left shunt detected by transesophageal echocardiography. Contrast transthoracic echocardiography was found to be the least sensitive test, detecting a patent foramen ovale in only 9 of 19 patients (47%). The specificity of transthoracic echocardiography was 100% (30/30 patients). The low sensitivity of transthoracic echocardiography was principally due to the suboptimal image quality obtained in false-negative patients. Both transcranial Doppler and transthoracic echocardiography were more sensitive in patients with cryptogenic stroke than in patients with stroke of determined origin. This may indicate the presence of larger, more easily detectable shunts in patients with cryptogenic stroke. Conclusions Transesophageal echocardiography is more sensitive than transcranial Doppler examination in detecting a patent foramen ovale, but only in cases of minimal right-to-left shunts, the clinical relevance of which remains to be established. The sensitivity of transthoracic echocardiography is heavily hampered by the frequency of inadequate heart visualization.
Portfolio Turnover and its Effect on Performance of Equity-Oriented Mutual Fund Schemes: An Empirical Study in the Indian Context

Portfolio turnover is a valuable tool to analyze the investment strategies of a Fund manager. The study aims at identifying portfolio turnover strategies of select equity/growth oriented mutual funds; study the effect of portfolio turnover ratio on fund performance; examine the relationship between Portfolio Turnover Ratio and Fund performance. Nine equity/growth oriented mutual fund schemes have been randomly chosen and the study was conducted using secondary data on 13 variables available at the home page of the AMCs operating the sampled mutual fund schemes for a period of three years during 30th September 2006 to 30th September 2009 in six half-yearly periods.The effect of change of Portfolio Ratios on Absolute Fund Return (AFR) and Performance of Fund relative to Benchmark index (FPB) was analysed. Four Hypotheses pertaining to Portfolio Turnover Ratio and fund performance were formulated and tested for statistical significance. Correlation coefficients were computed to ascertain the degree of association between (a) Portfolio Turnover Ratio and Absolute Fund Return; (b) Portfolio Turnover Ratio and Fund Performance relative to Benchmark Index; (c) Percentage change in Portfolio Turnover Ratio and Percentage change in Absolute Fund Return; (d) Percentage change in Portfolio Turnover Ratio and Percentage change in Fund Performance relative to Benchmark Index. Further, Covariances have also been computed to ascertain the extent to which the above four vary together. An analysis of the Portfolio Turnover Ratios (PTR) of the nine funds over the six half yearly periods indicates that the median PTR is 1.035 and the portfolios of all the nine funds are heavily invested in equity and equity related securities and the median is found to be 91.07%. Further, analysing the Profit/(loss) on sale/redemption of investments (other than inter-scheme transfer/sale) indicates that the fund managers are employing the strategy of sale/redemption to make significant gains to boost Net Asset Values in the short run, NAV being the prime concern of unit holders. The findings of the study were of mixed nature and lacks evidence that is statistically significant to suggest that increase in portfolio turnover ratio would result in enhanced performance of the fund which implies that high portfolio turnover ratios does not necessarily improve the fund performance consistently over a long time period.There is no conclusive evidence to suggest that there is significant relationship between portfolio turnover ratio and measures of fund performance used for this study, absolute fund return and fund performance relative to Benchmark index.
Formal and use-case driven requirement analysis in UML

We have recently proposed a formalization of the use of UML in requirement analysis. This paper applies that formalization to a library system as a case study. We intend to show how the approach supports a use case-driven, step-wised and incremental development in building models for requirement analysis. The actual process of building the models shows the importance and feasibility of the formalization itself.
Grass carp somatolactin: II. Pharmacological study on postreceptor signaling mechanisms for PACAP-induced somatolactin- (cid:1) and - (cid:2) gene expression

Pharmacological study on postreceptor signaling mechanisms for PACAP-induced somatolactin- (cid:1) and - (cid:2) gene expression. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 295: E477–E490, 2008. (SL), the latest member of the growth hormone/prolactin family, is a novel pituitary hormone with diverse functions. However, the signal transduction mechanisms responsible for SL expression are still largely unknown. Using grass carp as an animal model, we examined the direct effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) on SL gene expression at the pituitary level. In primary cultures of grass carp pituitary cells, SL (cid:1) and SL (cid:2) mRNA levels could be elevated by PACAP via activation of PAC-I receptors. With the use of a pharmacological approach, the AC/cAMP/PKA and PLC/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP 3 )/PKC pathways and subsequent activation of the Ca 2 (cid:3) /calmodulin (CaM)/CaMK-II cascades were shown to be involved in PACAP-induced SL (cid:1) mRNA expression. Apparently, the downstream Ca 2 (cid:3) /CaM-dependent cascades were triggered by extracellular Ca 2 (cid:3) ([Ca 2 (cid:3) ] e ) entry via L-type voltage-sensitive Ca 2 (cid:3) channels (VSCC) and Ca 2 (cid:3) release from IP 3 -sensitive intracellular Ca 2 (cid:3) stores. In addition, the VSCC component could be activated by cAMP/PKA- and PLC/PKC-dependent mechanisms. Similar postreceptor signaling cascades were also observed for PACAP-induced SL (cid:2) mRNA expression, except that [Ca 2 (cid:3) ] e entry through VSCC, PKC coupling to PLC, and subsequent activation of CaMK-II were not involved. These ﬁndings, taken together, provide evidence for the ﬁrst time that PACAP can induce SL (cid:1) and SL (cid:2) gene expression in ﬁsh model via PAC-I receptors through differential coupling to overlapping and yet distinct signaling pathways. these studies, Western blot of (cid:2) -actin using an actin Ab-1 kit (Oncogene, Boston, MA) was used as an internal control. Similar procedures were also used in this study for Western blot of PKC (cid:1) , PKC (cid:2) , and PKC (cid:11) using a PKC sampler kit (Transduction Laboratories, Lexingon, KY) according to the antibody dilutions recommended by the manufacturer.
Host Gene Expression Changes and DNA Amplification during Temperate Phage Induction

ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 harbors four temperate prophages. The lytic cycle of these phages was induced with hydrogen peroxide or mitomycin C. Microarray analysis was used to monitor the increase in phage genome copy number and the changes in RNA expression. Phage gene transcription was classified temporally, and host genes that responded to hydrogen peroxide, mitomycin C, or phage induction were also identified. A region of the serovar Typhimurium LT2 host genome encompassing hundreds of genes, flanking the Fels-1 lambdoid prophage, was amplified manyfold during lytic induction, presumably due to Fels-1 runoff replication prior to excision, a phenomenon termed escape replication. An excisionase (xis) mutant of Fels-1 also induced escape replication but did not get packaged. Gifsy-1, a lambdoid prophage that does not normally produce escape replication, did so after deletion of either its integrase or excisionase genes. Escape replication is probably widespread; large regions of host genome amplification were also observed after phage induction in serovar Typhimurium strains SL1344 and 14028s at the suspected integration site of prophage genomes.
Insider Trading and Corporate Governance in Latin America

Unlike outside investors, controlling groups have the option to trade on inside information and can exercise it at the expense of outside investors. This paper computes informed trading probabilities (ITPs) for the universe of liquid stocks from seven Latin American countries, trading both at home and as ADRs, and applies ITPs in order to address corporate governance questions. Substantial heterogeneity of ITP is found within a given institutional environment. Nonetheless, significant differences in mean ITP are identified across volume ranges, countries, and security types. ITP has an intuitively appealing correlation with some (but not all) of the country-wide investor protection variables used in the literature. Substantial increases in ITP are found just before public corporate announcements, suggesting that privately-informed agents are exploiting their privilege when it is most valuable. ITP is priced in the market: companies with higher ITPs fetch lower Tobin’s qs. It is concluded that Informed Trading Probability proxies for unobservable corporate governance quality as the heterogeneity of firm behavior seems to be recognized by the market and priced accordingly.
Acoustic impedance of perforations in contact with fibrous material

Acoustic impedance of perforations in contact with fibrous material, as well as air alone, is experimentally determined in the absence of mean flow. Different porosities (2.1, 8.4, 13.6, and 25.2%) and hole diameters (0.249 and 0.498cm) are applied for perforations, along with two fiber filling densities (100 and 200kg∕m3) to illustrate the effect of variations in such parameters on the perforation impedance. A modified impedance tube setup is developed for the measurement of the acoustic impedance of perforations in contact with fibrous material, and the air alone. The complex wave-number and characteristic impedance of the fibrous material are also experimentally obtained in this study to utilize such properties for the calculation of acoustic impedance of perforations in contact with the material. The experimental results show that both resistance and reactance of the perforations in contact with air decrease as the porosity increases. It is also shown that the fibrous material significantly increases .
Psychoeducational Intervention for Sexuality with the Aged, Family Members of the Aged, and People Who Work with the Aged

Sexual attitudes, knowledge, and behavior have been shown to be a life-long pattern of evolving behavior without a clear beginning and ending. Older persons were educated and socialized in an environment that viewed sexuality as a procreative activity appropriate only for married persons in the child bearing years, thus neglecting the interpersonal and individual aspects of sexuality. A sexual psychoeducational intervention was conducted and evaluated with older persons, adult family members of older persons, and staff members of nursing homes. Results indicated significant changes in attitudes toward and knowledge about sexuality and aging and sexual behavior.
Peritoneal Drainage or Laparotomy for Neonatal Bowel Perforation?: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective:To determine whether primary peritoneal drainage improves survival and outcome of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants with intestinal perforation. Summary Background Data:Optimal surgical management of ELBW infants with intestinal perforation is unknown. Methods:An international multicenter randomized controlled trial was performed between 2002 and 2006. Inclusion criteria were birthweight ≤1000 g and pneumoperitoneum on x-ray (necrotizing enterocolitis or isolated perforation). Patients were randomized to peritoneal drain or laparotomy, minimizing differences in weight, gestation, ventilation, inotropes, platelets, country, and on-site surgical facilities. Patients randomized to drain were allowed to have a delayed laparotomy after at least 12 hours of no clinical improvement. Results:Sixty-nine patients were randomized (35 drain, 34 laparotomy); 1 subsequently withdrew consent. Six-month survival was 18/35 (51.4%) with a drain and 21/33 (63.6%) with laparotomy (P = 0.3; difference 12% 95% CI, −11, 34%). Cox regression analysis showed no significant difference between groups (hazard ratio for primary drain 1.6; P = 0.3; 95% CI, 0.7–3.4). Delayed laparotomy was performed in 26/35 (74%) patients after a median of 2.5 days (range, 0.4–21) and did not improve 6-month survival compared with primary laparotomy (relative risk of mortality 1.4; P = 0.4; 95% CI, 0.6–3.4). Drain was effective as a definitive treatment in only 4/35 (11%) surviving neonates, the rest either had a delayed laparotomy or died. Conclusions:Seventy-four percent of neonates treated with primary peritoneal drainage required delayed laparotomy. There were no significant differences in outcomes between the 2 randomization groups. Primary peritoneal drainage is ineffective as either a temporising measure or definitive treatment. If a drain is inserted, a timely “rescue” laparotomy should be considered. Trial registration number ISRCTN18282954; http://isrctn.org/
Applying Islamic market‐oriented cultural model to sensitize strategies towards global customers, competitors, and environment

Purpose – The purpose of this conceptual paper is to attempt to introduce an Islamic market‐oriented cultural model to illustrate the role of market orientation within an Islamic culture.Design/methodology/approach – The paper proposes an Islamic‐based view of a market‐oriented cultural model that aims to help understand how cultural principles, practices, and values are discussed within an Islamic culture, and subsequently understand the effects of this view on the market performance of the exporting firms. Reviews of literature in market orientation and cultural values served as a foundation for the development of the conceptual arguments. The model is adapted from several market orientation and cultural frameworks including Homburg and Pflesser, Hofstede, and Schein.Findings – National culture, which underlines employee's cultural values, attitudes, and beliefs, has a profound impact on organizations and thus its impact on market performance should not be underestimated.Research limitations/implication.
Isolation of Jamestown Canyon serotype of California encephalitis virus from naturally infected Aedes mosquitoes and tabanids.

Abstract Twelve arbovirus isolations were made from about 50,000 bloodsucking Diptera, including Culicidae (mosquitoes). Tabanidae (horseflies and deerflies), Simuliidae (black flies), and Ceratopogonidae (punkies) that were collected during 1965 in Wisconsin. The Jamestown Canyon serotype of the California virus complex was isolated from two species of Tabanidae, the horsefly, Hybomitra lasiophthalma (Macq.), and the deerfly Chrysops cincticornis (Walk.), and from the Aedes stimulans (Walk,) and the Aedes communis (DeG,) groups of mosquitoes. The virus apparently circulated among insects for only a short period (June) during 1965. Other isolations in 1965 included trivittatus virus from Aedes trivittatus and as yet unidentified arboviruses from a black fly. Simulium meridionale Riley, and a mixed pool containing mostly Culicoides.