Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DWF calculation of the leading order hadronic vacuum polarisation to g-2 of the muon.

We present a calculation [1] of the leading order hadronic contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon for a dynamical simulation of 2+1 flavour QCD using domain wall fermions. The electromagnetic 2-point function is evaluated on the lattice gauge configurations and this is fitted to a continuous form motivated by models of vector dominance. We find broad agreement with previous lattice results for this quantity, while improvements in simulation and theory are clearly needed in order to produce satisfactorily precise results.
Prey Predator Model with Fuzzy Initial Conditions

In this paper we consider a fuzzy differential equation describing a prey predator model with fuzzy initial condition. Prey predator model in the fuzzy setup is more realistic depiction of the phenomena, here the initial conditions are considered as fuzzy because the initial population estimates may not be precisely known in the real life situation. The results for the existence of the solution are discussed in paper.
Tillage Management Alters Surface Soil Organic Matter Composition: A Pyrolysis Mass Spectroscopy Study

Abbreviations: CT, conventional tillage; fPOM, free particulate organic matter; iPOM, intramicroaggregate particulate organic matter; LF, light fraction; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; OC, organic carbon; OM, organic matter; Py-FIMS, pyrolysis‐fi eld ionization mass spectroscopy; RT, reduced tillage; SOC, soil organic carbon; SOM, soil organic matter; TII, total ion intensity. We examined the effects of 10 yr of reduced tillage (RT) management, compared with conventional tillage (CT), on the chemical composition of soil organic matter (SOM) using a combination of physical fractionation and pyrolysis‐fi eld ionization mass spectroscopy (Py‐FIMS). Surface soil samples (0‐10 cm), which were collected from two adjacent CT and RT managed fi elds, were separated into particulate organic matter (POM) fractions and sand, silt, and clay size separates. Higher amounts of C (77%) and N (64%) were observed in all size separates of the RT soil and, in particular, the proportion of intramicroaggregate POM was two times as large as in the CT soil. The Py‐FIMS spectra showed that larger proportions of free fatty acids, sterols, and N-containing compounds were present in the RT soil’s sand fraction than in the CT soil. Similar observations were also made for both free and intramicroaggregate POM fractions. In the silt and clay size fractions, no substantial differences in SOM composition were measured between tillage treatments, except that the RT soil’s clay fraction had a higher proportion of N-containing compounds and a lower proportion of alkylaromatics. Ratios of carbohydrate hexose to pentose subunits and of lignin monomers + phenols to lignin dimers confi rmed a less decomposed character of the SOM in the silt and clay size fractions of the RT soil. These observations can be logically linked to the reduced mixing of crop residues and manure in the soil profi le and higher surface soil microbial biomass under RT.
A Subclass of Starlike Functions with Respect to Conjugate Points

Let S ∗ (A,B) denote the class of functions f which are analytic in an open unit disc D = {z : |z| < 1} and satisfying the condition 2zf (z) f(z)+f(¯z) ≺ 1+Az 1+Bz , −1 ≤ B<A ≤ 1 ,z ∈D . The aim of paper is to determine coefficient estimates for the class S ∗ c (A,B).
Fundamental mechanisms of pore formation in iron ore sinter and pellets.

The fundamental pore formation mechanism in iron ore sinter and pellets was investigated, using iron ore/limestone tablets with and without addition of coke. The results showed that pores were formed at the sites of limestone and coke particles, and that the particle size and amount of limestone and coke particle size all had strong effect on the pore structure. Different types of pores in sinter and pellets were classified in terms of their origins. These results are useful in understanding the sintering and pelletizing process.
Barriers to Rape Reporting for Nigerian Women: The Case of female University Students

This article presents the key findings of a research project investigating perceived relevance among barriers to reporting rape and sexual assault for female university students. Existing literature suggests that the refusal of victims of rape and other forms of sexual victimisation in Nigeria to report have social underpinnings. Using qualitative information gathered from in-depth interviews of 23 rape victims, the study found that rather than social stigma, the fear of retaliation by their assailants dominated the concerns of the university rape victims. Other important barriers to rape reporting include lack of confidence in the criminal justice system, social stereotypes and prejudice against victims. Apart from the need for the government and private sector to intervene in the inadequacies of on-campus accommodation of public universities, campus-based rape and sexual assault prevention strategies could also be developed from collaboration among professional counsellors, students, faculty, health centre workers, and campus police. Language: en
FINANCIAL CRISIS AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE DETERMINANTS: A STUDY OF PORTUGUESE LISTED FIRMS

Firm’s capital structure is not a new theme but is still relevant in financial literature. This work aims to go a step further, not only because the impact of financial crisis is analyzed, but also because stock repurchase is taken into account. First, the evolution of total, long-term, and short-term debt and loans is analyzed. Then capital structure is regressed against crisis, asset structure, non-debt tax shields, profitability, size, growth, liquidity, cash flow, age, debt serving capacity, own shares, and tax rate. Using an unbalance panel of 53 Portuguese firms from 2003 until 2015, and estimating the models with fixed effects to firms, results suggest that all variables exhibit a significant impact on debt. Although the relationship and significance depend on debt’s proxy used. Results also show that short-term debt is more significant in total debt, and that crisis had a great impact, especially in loans.
197 CANDIDATES AND 104 VALIDATED PLANETS IN K2's FIRST FIVE FIELDS

We present 197 planet candidates discovered using data from the first year of the NASA K2 mission (Campaigns 0–4), along with the results of an intensive program of photometric analyses, stellar spectroscopy, high-resolution imaging, and statistical validation. We distill these candidates into sets of 104 validated planets (57 in multi-planet systems), false positives, and 63 remaining candidates. Our validated systems span a range of properties, with median values of RP = , P = days, = K, and Kp = mag. Stellar spectroscopy provides precise stellar and planetary parameters for most of these systems. We show that K2 has increased by 30% the number of small planets known to orbit moderately bright stars (1–4 R⊕, Kp = 9–13 mag). Of particular interest are planets smaller than 2 R⊕, orbiting stars brighter than Kp = 11.5 mag, 5 receiving Earth-like irradiation levels, and several multi-planet systems—including 4 planets orbiting the M dwarf K2–72 near mean-motion resonances. By quantifying the likelihood that each candidate is a planet we demonstrate that our candidate sample has an overall false positive rate of 15%–30%, with rates substantially lower for small candidates ( ) and larger for candidates with radii and/or with . Extrapolation of the current planetary yield suggests that K2 will discover between 500 and 1000 planets in its planned four-year mission, assuming sufficient follow-up resources are available. Efficient observing and analysis, together with an organized and coherent follow-up strategy, are essential for maximizing the efficacy of planet-validation efforts for K2, TESS, and future large-scale surveys.
Ciliate and mesozooplankton community response to increasing CO2 levels in the Baltic Sea: insights from a large-scale mesocosm experiment

Abstract. Community approaches to investigating ocean acidification (OA) effects suggest a high tolerance of micro- and mesozooplankton to carbonate chemistry changes expected to occur within this century. Plankton communities in the coastal areas of the Baltic Sea frequently experience pH variations partly exceeding projections for the near future both on a diurnal and seasonal basis. We conducted a large-scale mesocosm CO2 enrichment experiment ( ∼ 55 m3) enclosing the natural plankton community in Tvarminne–Storfjarden for 8 weeks during June–August 2012 and studied community and species–taxon response of ciliates and mesozooplankton to CO2 elevations expected for this century. In addition to the response to fCO2, we also considered temperature and chlorophyll a variations in our analyses. Shannon diversity of ciliates significantly decreased with fCO2 and temperature with a greater dominance of smaller species. The mixotrophic Myrionecta rubra seemed to indirectly and directly benefit from higher CO2 concentrations in the post-bloom phase through increased occurrence of picoeukaryotes (most likely Cryptophytes) and Dinophyta at higher CO2 levels. With respect to mesozooplankton, we did not detect significant effects for either total abundance or for Shannon diversity. The cladocera Bosmina sp. occurred at distinctly higher abundance for a short time period during the second half of the experiment in three of the CO2-enriched mesocosms except for the highest CO2 level. The ratio of Bosmina sp. with empty to embryo- or resting-egg-bearing brood chambers, however, was significantly affected by CO2, temperature, and chlorophyll a. An indirect CO2 effect via increased food availability (Cyanobacteria) stimulating Bosmina sp. reproduction cannot be ruled out. Although increased regenerated primary production diminishes trophic transfer in general, the presence of organisms able to graze on bacteria such as cladocerans may positively impact organic matter transfer to higher trophic levels. Thus, under increasing OA in cladoceran-dominated mesozooplankton communities, the importance of the microbial loop in the pelagic zone may be temporarily enhanced and carbon transfer to higher trophic levels may be stimulated.
Dynamics of dissolved organic matter in brown-water streams and potential impact on global carbon cycling

In den meisten Susgewassern hangt der Kohlenstoffkreislauf stark von terrestrischem gelosten organischen Material (DOM) ab. Zahlreiche Studien in der nordlichen Hemisphare zeigten einen Anstieg von DOM Export von terrestrischen Systemen in Suswasser-Systeme auf, was eine Braunfarbung („browning“) dieser Gewasser verursacht. Der Einfluss von Anderungen in DOM Quantitat und Qualitat auf okosystemare Funktionen und den globalen Kohlenstoffkreislauf bleibt unsicher. In dieser Arbeit fuhrte ich Degradationsexperimente in 20 Braunwasser-Bachen 1. Ordnung im Bohmischen Massiv (Osterreich) durch, wo Nadelwald und Moore die Landschaft dominieren. Hochauflosende Absorptions- und Fluoreszenzmessungen wurden genutzt um DOM-Eigenschaften und Dynamiken zu analysieren. Exzitations-Emissions-Matrizen (EEMs) wurden mithilfe paralleler Faktorenanalyse (PARAFAC) modelliert. Die Resultate heben die Bedeutung huminstoff-artiger terrestrischer Komponenten in den untersuchten Bachen hervor. Wahrend der Assays bewirkte die mikrobielle Verarbeitung von DOM eine Verschiebung der DOM Eigenschaften von ursprunglich terrestrisch zu gesteigertem mikrobiellen Einfluss mit frisch produziertem DOM. Die Intensitat der Qualitatsanderung steigt mit der Intensitat der terrestrischen Signatur des DOM, was die Bedeutung von importiertem DOM fur den Metabolismus der Bache hervorhebt. Ein groserer Anteil terrestrischen Materials reduzierte die mikrobielle Kohlenstoff-Nutzungseffizienz (carbon use efficiency, CUE) und tragt daher zu potenzieller CO2-Ausgasung dieser Bache bei. Diese Erkenntnisse konnten zu einem besseren Verstandnis der Mechanismen, denen der Kohlenstoffkreislauf unterliegt, beitragen, insbesondere in Anbetracht der beobachteten Zunahme terrestrischen Kohlenstoff-Imports in Susgewasser.
Shedding more light on the impacts of quality certified systems in small service enterprises: A multidimensional analysis

The purpose of this paper is to describe the small enterprises within the service sector that have adopted certified quality systems, focusing on the motives that have encouraged these enterprises to do so and the organizational impacts such adoptions have had. The results highlight the importance that these enterprises grant to certified quality systems as a strategic tool that can be used in a proactive way to contend with market changes and adverse economic situations, providing them commercial benefits in particular. These results can help managers of small service enterprises analyse the advantage or disadvantage of the position in the market that they can achieve when they decide to implement certified quality systems. This paper provides evidence of how the motives behind small service enterprises’ implementation of quality systems differ from those found by research papers, focused on other types of service and industrial enterprises.
An Overview: The Corporate Social Responsibility on Employee Attitudes and Behaviors

This paper amis to give an overview on the subject of the corporate social responsibility on employee attitudes and behaviours (CSR) in the recent years, it can be noticed that different scholars were still continue to look at the concept of CSR in different perspectives. In 1970, where Milton Friedman decided to write an article where he provoke by disputing the responsibilities of corporations. After that academicians start to look at the concept of CSR in more details, and made a move from the debating room where they were mainly discussing about the legitimacy of CSR to the room of understanding it more. But, most of the researches which have been conducted with regard to CSR they were mainly focusing on macro perspective, where you will be able to find most of the scholars were focusing on the relationship that exists between CSR initiatives and financial performance.
Laser induced fluorescence of formaldehyde and Raman measurements of major species during partial catalytic oxidation of methane with large H 2 O and CO 2 dilution at pressures up to 10 bar q

The catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) of CH4/O2 mixtures diluted with large amounts of H2O and CO2 (up to 43% and 21% vol., respectively) was investigated experimentally and numerically in the pressure range 4 bar 6 p 6 10 bar. Experiments were carried out in an optically accessible channel-flow catalytic reactor coated with Rh/ZrO2, and included planar laser induced fluorescence (LIF) of formaldehyde for the assessment of homogeneous (gas-phase) ignition and one-dimensional spontaneous Raman measurements of all major gas-phase species for the evaluation of the heterogeneous (catalytic) processes. Simulations were performed with a full elliptic model that included detailed heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reaction schemes. Over the reactor length with negligible gas-phase chemistry contribution, the employed heterogeneous reaction scheme provided good agreement to the measured methane consumption and synthesis gas yields, overpredicting mildly the partial over the total oxidation route. It was shown that the added water provided a source of O(s) and OH(s) surface radicals that enhanced the methane conversion and H2 yields and reduced the CO yields. Moreover, the addition of CO2 had a negligible chemical effect on the aforementioned parameters. An increase in pressure from 4 to 10 bar had a minor impact on the methane conversion and hydrogen selectivity. The employed gaseous scheme reproduced the LIF-measured onset of homogeneous ignition, although it underpredicted the extent of the formaldehyde zone ahead of the flame and the flame propagation characteristics at the highest investigated pressure (10 bar). 2006 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Potential Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Achyranthes aspera L.

Petroleum ether, Chloroform and Methanol extract of dried leaves of Achyranthes aspera Family: Amaranthaceae were obtained by infusion and maceration were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. The extracts were tested against 5 different species of human pathogenic bacteria and 17 fungal strains by the agar-solid diffusion method. Most of the extracts were devoid of antifungal and antibacterial activities, except the methanolic ectracts of leaves of Achyranthes aspera obtained by infusion, which has showed a strong inhibitory activity against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphlyococcus aureus with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 5000 Âµl ml -1 . The minimal inhibitory concentration values to dermatophyte strains were 2500 Âµl ml -1 against Trichophyton rubrum (LM-09, LM-13) and Microsporum canis . In conclusion, it appears that Achyranthes aspera has non-specific antimicrobial activity.
Optimization via Low-rank Approximation for Community Detection in Networks

Community detection is one of the fundamental problems of network analysis, for which a number of methods have been proposed. Most model-based or criteria-based methods have to solve an optimization problem over a discrete set of labels to find communities, which is computationally infeasible. Some fast spectral algorithms have been proposed for specific methods or models, but only on a case-by-case basis. Here we propose a general approach for maximizing a function of a network adjacency matrix over discrete labels by projecting the set of labels onto a subspace approximating the leading eigenvectors of the expected adjacency matrix. This projection onto a low-dimensional space makes the feasible set of labels much smaller and the optimization problem much easier. We prove a general result about this method and show how to apply it to several previously proposed community detection criteria, establishing its consistency for label estimation in each case and demonstrating the fundamental connection between spectral properties of the network and various model-based approaches to community detection. Simulations and applications to real-world data are included to demonstrate our method performs well for multiple problems over a wide range of parameters.
Water Activity and Other Factors that Affect the Viability of Colletotrichum truncatum Conidia in Wheat Flour-Kaolin Granules ('Pesta')

Optimization of shelf-life is critically important for biocontrol products containing living microorganisms. Conidia of Colletotrichum truncatum, a fungal pathogen of the weed, hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata), were produced in shake flasks (corn meal± soya flour medium) and on Emerson Yp Ss agar and formulated in wheat flour± kaolin granules (`Pesta’). The granules were conditioned at water activities of 0, 0.12, 0.33, 0.53 and 0.75 during storage at 25°C over desiccant or saturated salt solutions. The longest shelf-life (conidial inoculum viability) was found in samples in the water activity range 0± 0.33, where the water was bound by the matrix and not readily available to the fungus. At a water activity of 0.12, granules were 100% viable (on water agar) for at least 24 weeks, and were 87% viable after 1 year. Sucrose (5% w/w) partially counteracted the detrimental effect of high water activity on the shelf-life of C. truncatum when incorporated in the granules.
Multivariate Regression Analysis and Statistical Modeling for Summer Extreme Precipitation over the Yangtze River Basin, China

Extreme precipitation is likely to be one of the most severe meteorological disasters in China; however, studies on the physical factors affecting precipitation extremes and corresponding prediction models are not accurately available. From a new point of view, the sensible heat flux (SHF) and latent heat flux (LHF), which have significant impacts on summer extreme rainfall in Yangtze River basin (YRB), have been quantified and then selections of the impact factors are conducted. Firstly, a regional extreme precipitation index was applied to determine Regions of Significant Correlation (RSC) by analyzing spatial distribution of correlation coefficients between this index and SHF, LHF, and sea surface temperature (SST) on global ocean scale; then the time series of SHF, LHF, and SST in RSCs during 1967–2010 were selected. Furthermore, other factors that significantly affect variations in precipitation extremes over YRB were also selected. The methods of multiple stepwise regression and leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) were utilized to analyze and test influencing factors and statistical prediction model. The correlation coefficient between observed regional extreme index and model simulation result is 0.85, with significant level at 99%. This suggested that the forecast skill was acceptable although many aspects of the prediction model should be improved.
HOW MUCH WILL I EARN? EXPECTATIONS VERSUS REALITY

HOW MUCH WILL I EARN? EXPECTATIONS VERSUS REALITY Jana Šimsová, Alice Reissová When choosing a career, the issue of the following employment on the labour market and related level of the salary plays an important role. There are many studies which deal with the fi ndings with respect to students’ expectations. The benefi t of our work is that we compare these expectations to the real offer by potential employers. In the framework of our research, we have chosen two different fi elds of studies, on the one hand the students of economics, who fi nd their employment in the entrepreneurial sphere, the second group was composed of students from social work, who target their careers at the area of social services and their employers will be predominantly nonprofi t organisations. We took a look as to whether there are differences between the expectations and the reality concerning both the starting salary and its increase during the fi rst three years of employment and thereby grouped into two sections (profi t and non-profi t). Our conclusions reveal that the level of the salary depends on the fi eld studied. The levels of the salary offered in the profi t and non-profi t sectors signifi cantly differ. A signifi cant difference is also obvious in the possible salary advancements in the course of the fi rst three years of employment. The students of economics are more likely to estimate the level of their starting salary, but they count on faster advancements. On the other hand, potential employers of economics graduates do not offer such an increase. In the area of social work, i.e. in the non-profi t sector, the difference between the students’ expectations and the offers by their potential employers is even greater. The students from social work see their odds for higher salaries and their advancements more optimistically, than their potential employers are prepared to offer.