Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of non-professional caregivers with high resilience using sociodemographic, care, and personal and social development variables

Abstract Objectives: Despite the importance of resilience in well-being and adaptation to the role of caregiver in non-professional caregivers, research on resilience in this population has been scarce and contradictory, and has methodological limitations. The objective of this study was to identify subgroups of caregivers with high levels of resilience based on a series of predictors including sociodemographic variables and variables related to care and personal and social development. Method: 294 non-professional caregivers (89.8% women) with a mean age of 55.3 years (SD = 10.9) were randomly selected. Trained evaluators collected the sociodemographic variables of the person in care and the caregiver and on the care situation, self-esteem, social support, emotional distress and resilience. Results: The Classification Tree Analysis (CTA) showed that self-esteem was the main predictor of high resilience. Additional predictors were: (1) for those with high self-esteem, longer duration of care; (2) for those with low self-esteem, less emotional distress; (3) for those with less emotional distress, shorter duration of care. Conclusion: The results offer guidelines for developing programs to promote high resilience.
Effect of anatomical variability on stress‐shielding induced by short calcar‐guided stems: Automated finite element analysis of 90 femora

Short stem hip implants are becoming increasingly popular since they preserve bone stock and presumably reduce stress‐shielding. However, concerns remain whether they are suitable for a wide range of patients with varying anatomy. The aim of this study was to investigate how femoral anatomy influences stress‐shielding induced by a short calcar‐guided stem across a set of 90 CT‐based femur models. A computational tool was developed that automatically selected the optimal size and position of the stem. Finite element models of the intact and implanted femurs were constructed and subjected to walking loads. Stress‐shielding was evaluated in relevant volumes of interest of the proximal femur. After a detailed anatomical analysis, linear regression was performed to find potential correlations between anatomy and stress‐shielding. Stress‐shielding was found to be highest in the proximal regions on the medial and posterior side. A highly significant negative relationship was observed between stress‐shielding and bone density; a strong positive relationship was observed with stem size and the valgus orientation of the stem with respect to the femur. The results reveal how anatomy influences stress‐shielding, and they highlight the importance of evaluating new implant designs across a large population taking into account the anatomical variability. The study demonstrates that such large population studies can be conducted in an efficient way using an automated workflow. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 9999:1–8, 2019.
Correlation of Blood Pressure with Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference and Waist by Hip Ratio.

BACKGROUND The Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference and Waist by Hip ratio have linear relation with increase in blood pressure. This study will correlate blood pressure with these anthropometric measures in normal subjects to find out the subtle increase in which of these measure would linearly increase blood pressure. The aim is to find the better anthropometric measure to relate with blood pressure changes. METHODS One hundred and seventy five healthy medical students were enrolled for the study in Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara after getting ethical clearance. The mean reading of right brachial arterial blood pressure with mercury manometer in sitting position was taken. For anthropometric measures, body weight was measured in weighing scale and height and circumferences of waist and hip were taken with non elastic measuring tape. The data were used to derive required variables. RESULTS Out of 175 participants, 59% were male and remaining female. The non obese participants were 46.3% followed by obese (22.9%) as per Asia Pacific Guidelines for The Body Mass Index. The positive correlation of increase in Systolic and Diastolic components of blood pressure was statistically highly significant [P=0.00] in female with normal Waist Circumference and Waist by Hip ratio. However in general, SBP was positively correlated with Waist by Hip ratio [r=0.44] and DBP was positively correlated with Waist Circumference [r=0.43] and were statistically highly significant [P=0.00]. CONCLUSIONS The Waist Circumference and Waist by Hip Ratio have stronger correlation with blood pressure components than Body Mass Index even in normal subjects.
Association between polymorphisms in CXCR2 gene and preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy‐specific syndrome with incompletely understood pathogenesis. Previous study has demonstrated that the decreased CXCR2 in preeclamptic placentas may contribute to the development of preeclampsia. The role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CXCR2 gene in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia remains largely unexplored. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between polymorphisms of CXCR2 gene and preeclampsia in Han Chinese women.
Development and Application of Immunoaffinity Column Purification and Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Domoic Acid in Shellfish

Domoic acid (DA) is a neurotoxin associated with amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP). Though LC coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has become the preferred method for DA determination, traditional sample pretreatment is still labor-intensive. In this study, a simple, efficient and selective method for LC-MS/MS analysis of DA in shellfish was established by optimizing clean-up procedures on a self-assembly immunoaffinity column (IAC). Shellfish was extracted with 75% methanol twice and diluted with phosphate buffered saline (PBS, 1:2). The mixture was purified on IAC as follows: preconditioned with PBS, loaded with sample, washed by 50% MeOH, and eluted with MeOH containing 2% ammonium hydroxide. Concentrated analyte was monitored by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using electrospray (ESI) positive ion mode throughout the LC gradient elution. Based on the post-extraction addition method, matrix effects for various shellfish matrices were found to be less than 8%. The developed method was fully validated by choosing mussel as the representative matrix. The method had a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.02 µg·g−1, showed excellent linear correlation in the range of 0.05–40 µg·g−1, and obtained ideal recoveries (91–94%), intra-day RSDs (6–8%) and inter-day RSDs (3–6%). The method was successfully applied to DA determination in 59 shellfish samples, with a detection rate of 10% and contaminated content of 0.1–14.9 µg·g−1.
Impact of Biogenic Amines on Food Quality and Safety

Today, food safety and quality are some of the main concerns of consumer and health agencies around the world. Our current lifestyle and market globalization have led to an increase in the number of people affected by food poisoning. Foodborne illness and food poisoning have different origins (bacteria, virus, parasites, mold, contaminants, etc.), and some cases of food poisoning can be traced back to chemical and natural toxins. One of the toxins targeted by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is the biogenic amine histamine. Biogenic amines (BAs) in food constitute a potential public health concern due to their physiological and toxicological effects. The consumption of foods containing high concentrations of biogenic amines has been associated with health hazards. In recent years there has been an increase in the number of food poisoning cases associated with BAs in food, mainly in relation to histamines in fish. We need to gain a better understanding of the origin of foodborne disease and how to control it if we expect to keep people from getting ill. Biogenic amines are found in varying concentrations in a wide range of foods (fish, cheese, meat, wine, beer, vegetables, etc.), and BA formation is influenced by different factors associated with the raw material making up food products, microorganisms, processing, and conservation conditions. Moreover, BAs are thermostable. Biogenic amines also play an important role as indicators of food quality and/or acceptability. Hence, BAs need to be controlled in order to ensure high levels of food quality and safety. All of these aspects will be addressed in this review.
Automatic Land Cover Reconstruction From Historical Aerial Images: An Evaluation of Features Extraction and Classification Algorithms

The land cover reconstruction from monochromatic historical aerial images is a challenging task that has recently attracted an increasing interest from the scientific community with the proliferation of large-scale epidemiological studies involving retrospective analysis of spatial patterns. However, the efforts made by the computer vision community in remote-sensing applications are mostly focused on prospective approaches through the analysis of high-resolution multi-spectral data acquired by the advanced spatial programs. Hence, four contributions are proposed in this paper. They aim at providing a comparison basis for the future development of computer vision algorithms applied to the automation of the land cover reconstruction from monochromatic historical aerial images. First, a new multi-scale multi-date dataset composed of 4.9 million non-overlapping annotated patches of the France territory between 1970 and 1990 has been created with the help of geography experts. This dataset has been named HistAerial. Second, an extensive comparison study of the state-of-the-art texture features extraction and classification algorithms, including deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs), has been performed. It is presented in the form of an evaluation. Third, a novel low-dimensional local texture filter named rotated-corner local binary pattern (R-CRLBP) is presented as a simplification of the binary gradient contours filter through the use of an orthogonal combination representation. Finally, a novel combination of low-dimensional texture descriptors, including the R-CRLBP filter, is introduced as a light combination of local binary patterns (LCoLBPs). The LCoLBP filter achieved state-of-the-art results on the HistAerial dataset while conserving a relatively low-dimensional feature vector space compared with the DCNN approaches (17 times shorter).
Management of women with atypical polypoid adenomyoma of the uterus: A quantitative systematic review

Atypical polypoid adenomyoma is an uncommon uterine lesion which can coexist with endometrial atypical hyperplasia and/or cancer. Atypical polypoid adenomyoma affects premenopausal women in most cases, but it shows high recurrence rate if conservatively treated. To date, the management of patients is based on low‐quality evidence and is not standardized. Our primary aim was to explore the optimal management of atypical polypoid adenomyoma, with particular regard to the fertility‐sparing approach. The secondary aim was to define clinicopathologic features of atypical polypoid adenomyoma.
School-age social behavior and pragmatic language ability in children with prenatal serotonin reuptake inhibitor exposure

Abstract Studies examining associations between fetal serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) exposure and child autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnoses or delayed language remain mixed and rarely prospectively follow children or employ gold-standard assessments. We prospectively followed a cohort of mother–child dyads from pregnancy through early elementary school (N = 178), and obtained maternal and alternate–caregiver ratings of behaviors related to ASD (N = 137), as well as direct, gold-standard assessments of child ASD symptoms and pragmatic language among dyads who experienced prenatal depression and either took SRIs or were medication free during pregnancy (N = 44). Prenatal SRI exposure was related to maternal ratings of ASD-related behaviors (β = 0.24 95% confidence interval; CI [0.07, 0.48]), and, among boys, alternative caregiver ratings (males-only β = 0.28 95% CI [0.02, 0.55], females-only β = −0.21 95% CI [–0.63, 0.08]). However, results of our direct assessments suggest an association between SRI exposure and reduced pragmatic language scores (β = –0.27, 95% CI [–0.53, –0.01], but not ASD (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule β = 0.14 95% CI [–0.15, 0.41]; Social Responsiveness Scale β = 0.08 95% CI [–0.25, 0.40]). These discrepancies point to issues regarding how ASD is assessed, and the possibility that SRIs may be more strongly associated with language or other broader behaviors that coincide with ASD. Larger prospective studies that incorporate thorough, gold-standard assessments of ASD, language, and other ASD-related behaviors are needed.
Longitudinal and Regional Non-uniform Remodeling of Corneal Epithelium After Topography-Guided FS-LASIK.

PURPOSE To observe the epithelial remodeling over a 9-mm diameter cornea induced by topography-guided femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for myopia correction using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS Forty-three eyes of 22 patients who underwent topography-guided FS-LASIK for myopic correction were included. The "Pachymetrywide" scan pattern was used to generate the epithelial thickness map using SD-OCT preoperatively and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Epithelial thickness was compared and analyzed by section and zone. RESULTS Compared to the preoperative values, the change in the average epithelial thickness in the central, paracentral, and mid-peripheral zones was 2.09, 4.53, and -0.87 µm at 1 month; 3.00, 4.61, and -0.97 µm at 3 months; and 3.28, 4.55, and -0.81 µm at 6 months postoperatively, respectively. From 1 to 3 months postoperatively, the central epithelial thickness changed significantly (P = .021), whereas the epithelial thickness in the paracentral (P = .973) and mid-peripheral (P = .996) zones stabilized. No significant epithelial thickness change was observed in the zones between 3 and 6 months postoperatively (all P > .05). The epithelial thickness in the paracentral inferotemporal section increased by 12.7% at 6 months after surgery. The central epithelial hyperplasia showed no correlation with the change in postoperative manifest refraction spherical equivalent (P = .313). CONCLUSIONS After topography-guided FS-LASIK, the 9-mm diameter epithelial thickness showed a longitudinal and regional non-uniform redistribution. Central epithelial remodeling stabilized more slowly. The greatest increase in epithelial thickness was observed in the paracentral inferotemporal section. This epithelial remodeling did not cause refractive regression. [J Refract Surg. 2019;35(2):88-95. ].
RNAi Screen in Tribolium Reveals Involvement of F-BAR Proteins in Myoblast Fusion and Visceral Muscle Morphogenesis in Insects

In a large-scale RNAi screen in Tribolium castaneum for genes with knock-down phenotypes in the larval somatic musculature, one recurring phenotype was the appearance of larval muscle fibers that were significantly thinner than those in control animals. Several of the genes producing this knock-down phenotype corresponded to orthologs of Drosophila genes that are known to participate in myoblast fusion, particularly via their effects on actin polymerization. A new gene previously not implicated in myoblast fusion but displaying a similar thin-muscle knock-down phenotype was the Tribolium ortholog of Nostrin, which encodes an F-BAR and SH3 domain protein. Our genetic studies of Nostrin and Cip4, a gene encoding a structurally related protein, in Drosophila show that the encoded F-BAR proteins jointly contribute to efficient myoblast fusion during larval muscle development. Together with the F-Bar protein Syndapin they are also required for normal embryonic midgut morphogenesis. In addition, Cip4 is required together with Nostrin during the profound remodeling of the midgut visceral musculature during metamorphosis. We propose that these F-Bar proteins help govern proper morphogenesis particularly of the longitudinal midgut muscles during metamorphosis.
Emotion regulation across the psychosis continuum

Abstract Emotion regulation dysfunction is characteristic of psychotic disorders, but little is known about how the use of specific types of emotion regulation strategies differs across phases of psychotic illness. This information is vital for understanding factors contributing to psychosis vulnerability states and developing targeted treatments. Three studies were conducted to examine emotion regulation across phases of psychosis, which included (a) adolescent community members with psychotic-like experiences (PLEs; n = 262) and adolescents without PLEs (n = 1,226); (b) adolescents who met clinical high-risk criteria for a prodromal syndrome (n = 29) and healthy controls (n = 29); and (c) outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (SZ; n = 61) and healthy controls (n = 67). In each study, participants completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and measures of psychiatric symptoms and functional outcome. The three psychosis groups did not differ from each other in reported use of suppression; however, there was evidence for a vulnerability-related, dose-dependent decrease in reappraisal. Across each sample, a lower use of reappraisal was associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Findings indicate that emotion regulation abnormalities occur across a continuum of psychosis vulnerability and represent important targets for intervention.
The Future of Cardiovascular Epidemiology

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with the lifetime risk exceeding 60%. 1 More than 2200 Americans die of CVD daily, 1 death every 40 seconds. A third of CVD deaths occur before 75 years of age, which is less than the average life expectancy of 78.8 years.1 Thus, prevention of CVD is a public health priority. Major advances in cardiovascular epidemiology over the last 4 decades have improved our understanding of the pathogenesis of CVD, with the identification and treatment of several major risk factors.2 However, several factors are worth highlighting to place these past achievements in appropriate perspective. 1. There remains a substantial societal burden of risk factors. Data indicate that 1 in 3 Americans reports no leisure-time physical activity and is likely to have high blood pressure, prediabetes, or high blood levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.1 A majority of adults in the United States are overweight or obese; about one fifth have low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; one sixth smoke; and about 1/10th have diabetes mellitus.1 2. Projections indicate that the prevalence of CVD in the United States may escalate by 10% between 2010 and 2030.3 The estimated increase stems in part from the aging of the population and is fueled by the recent trends for increasing obesity rates and the concomitant rising rates of hypertension (8% increase over the next decade) and diabetes mellitus (100% increase over next 3 decades). 1 These projections indicate that past achievements potentially may be challenged by some of the recent adverse trends in some risk factors. 3. There is a glaring 14-year difference in life expectancy between select population groups in the United States, as identified in the Eight Americas Study,4 with CVD emerging as the greatest source of difference …
Effects of heat stress and rumen-protected fat supplementation on growth performance, rumen characteristics, and blood parameters in growing Korean cattle steers

Objective This study was performed to evaluate whether hot temperature and rumen-protected fat (RPF) supplementation affect growth performance, rumen characteristics, and serum metabolites in growing stage of Korean cattle steers. Methods Twenty Korean cattle steers (230.4±4.09 kg of body weight [BW], 10.7±0.09 months of age) were divided into a conventional control diet group (n = 10) and a 0.8% RPF supplementation group (n = 10). Steers were fed 1.5% BW of a concentrate diet and 4 kg of tall fescue hay for 16 weeks (July 10 to August 6 [P1], August 7 to September 3 [P2], September 4 to October 1 [P3], October 2 to 30 [P4], of 2015). Results The mean temperature-humidity index (THI) was higher (p<0.001) in P1 (76.8), P2 (76.3), and P3 (75.9) than in P4 (50.9). The mean THI of P1–3 were within the alert heat stress (HS) category range according to previously reported categories for feedlot cattle, and the mean THI of P4 was under the thermo-neutral range. Neither month nor RPF supplementation affected (p>0.05) average daily gain and gain to feed ratio. Month and RPF supplementation affected concentrations of glucose, albumin, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL); those of albumin and glucose tended to decrease (p<0.10), but HDL concentration increased (p<0.01) by RPF supplementation. Neither month nor RPF affected (p>0.05) ruminal pH, NH3-N, and volatile fatty acid concentrations, whereas the C2:C3 ratio was affected (p<0.05) by month. Conclusion Korean cattle may not have been significantly affected by alert HS during the growing stage. Growth performance was higher during hotter months, although some changes in blood metabolites were observed. The RPF supplementation affected some blood lipids and carbohydrate metabolites but did not affect growth performance.
Dynamics of fungal community during silage fermentation of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) produced in northern Vietnam

Objective This study aimed to gain deeper insights into the dynamic changes in spoilage fungi populations during fermentation and the influence of traditional additives on silage quality. Methods Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) was prepared without any additive (control), and with the addition of 0.5% salt, and 0.5% salt−0.2% sugar mixture. The fungal community was then determined using a classic culturing method and high-throughput sequencing at 0, 5, 15, and 60 days after ensiling. Results The results showed that the fungal community of elephant grass silage varied significantly between the natural fermentation without any additive and the two additive groups. The diversity and relative abundance of spoilage molds in the control group were much higher than those in the two treatment groups (p<0.05). Three species of yeasts (Candida sp., Pichia sp., Trichosporon sp.) and four spoilage molds (Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp., Muco sp. and Penicillin sp.) were the predominant fungi in elephant grass during natural fermentation from 0 to 60 days, which were found to be significantly decreased in salt and sugar additive groups (p<0.05). Meanwhile, the diversity and relative abundance of undesirable molds in the 0.5%-salt additive group were the lowest among all groups. Conclusion Adding salt and sugar, particularly 0.5% salt, is a promising effective approach to reduce the amount of undesirable fungi thus, improving the silage quality of elephant grass in northern Vietnam.