Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Direct-fed Microbials and Vaccine Route of Administration on Health and Performance of Newly-arrived Calves to Feedlots

Management of newly-arrived beef calves into feedlots is of utmost importance to the long-term health and profitability of those animals. Two separate studies conducted individually examined the efficacy of particular commercially available products in the beef industry and collectively evaluated the viability of those products in commercial application. In the presented data, the use of direct-fed microbials (DFM) (Bovamine Defend®; Nutrition Physiology Co.; Guymon, OK) in recently-weaned, newly-received beef calves to feedlots did not improve average daily gain (P = 0.98), dry matter intake (P = 0.33), morbidity (P = 0.33), or mortality (P = 0.34). In the second study, the efficacy of three different, commercially available multivalent modified-live viral respiratory vaccines was evaluated. No differences in final body weight, average daily gain, dry matter intake, or Gain:Feed were observed during the duration of the experiment. Calves receiving the INFORCE treatment required significantly fewer (P = 0.01) second treatments for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) than did the calves receiving the VISTA treatment. Calves in the INFORCE and PYRAMID treatments required significantly fewer (P = 0.03) third treatments for BRD than did calves in the VISTA treatment. INFORCE treatment tended (P = 0.09) to have a lower percent mortality than VISTA. These data demonstrate that the use of products comprising the INFORCE treatment resulted in fewer calves requiring treatment for BRD or expiring from the disease. It is the conclusion from the data reported in these studies that the inclusion of a DFM product into the ration of newly-arrived beef calves to feedlots was not beneficial to their growth and performance in the current situation. Moreover, the use of the products in the INFORCE treatment were able to prevent more losses associated with morbidity and mortality than the products used in the PYRAMID and VISTA treatments.
The effects of organic and inorganic mulches on growth and yield of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in a semi-arid environment

Mulches provide essential benefits in crop production. It is however, unfortunate that not much research has been done under different local conditions. This study was carried out to determine the effect of organic and inorganic mulches on green bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) growth, development and yield on a clay loam soil of Matsapha, Swaziland. A control (no mulch) was also included in the experiment. The study indicated that black polythene, clear polythene and grass mulches significantly (P 0.05) differences in yield of green bean grown with no mulch (control) and rice mulched bean plants which yielded lowest. The obtained results showed that black polythene, clear polythene and grass conserved moisture at root zone level. The findings for soil temperature indicated a highest value of 34°C for black polythene and a lowest of 26.5°C under grass. Weed infestation recorded lowest value of 1.75 from black polythene and highest of 4.75 from grass mulched plots The highest and the lowest values for soil moisture content obtained were 74.56% under clear polythene and 45.77% for the control respectively. When growing green beans in the period of December to March in Matsapha area, it may be recommended to use black polythene or when opting for organic mulch, grass mulch may be recommended to maximize growth and yield. For moisture conservation and weed suppression black polythene may be recommended.
Lack of short-term induction of phtorotannins in the Australasian brown algae Ecktoma radiate and Sargassum vestitum

I measured changes in phlorotannin (polyphenolic) levels in the Australian brown seaweeds Ecklonia radiata (Order Laminariales) and Sargassum vestitum (Fucales) following simulated herbivory. No significant changes in phlorotannin levels following damage were observed for either species over periods varying between 4 d and 8 wk. Whiie there are few studies of inducible chemical defenses in seaweeds on which to base general conclusions, I suggest that because of predictable variation in the intensity of herbivory in benthic marine systems, inducible defenses in seaweeds may be relatively less important than persistent, constitutive defenses.
Influence of Seed Ripeness , Sarcotesta , Drying and Storage on Germinability of Papaya ( Carica papaya L . )

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a popular tropical fruit which is propagated by seed. However, germination and the procurement ofgood seedlings are difficult in this species due to the nature of the seed. Thus a series ofstudies to evaluate the influence of fruit maturity, sarcotesta and drying on germination and production of healthy seedlings was carried out. The characteristics of papaya seed change with fruit maturity. Speed of germination increases with fruit maturity. Thus, the best seed for germination and for the the procurement of healthy seedlings is obtained from ripe or over-ripe fruits. The presence of the sarcotesta reduces germination and increases the number of abnormal seedlings. Incorporation of the sarcotesta in the germination medium ofpapaya or rice seeds did not inhibit their germination. This suggests that inhibition is caused by the intact sarcotesta rather than inhibitors derived from it. Drying papaya seeds under shade and ambient temperature maintained germinability to a greater degree than when seeds were desiccated in ovens. The reduction of seed moisture below 10% reduced germination significantly, indicating an intermediate behaviour pattern for papaya seeds in contrast to orthodox or recalcitrant seeds.
Voices from across the divide: An industrial relations perspective on employee voice

In this commentary we note that there is increasing interest in the topic of employee voice; however, we argue that there has been little effort to broaden our existing conceptualizations of voice, which are artefacts of disparate disciplines. The siloed approach, we argue, applies in particular to the view of voice in the field of organizational behaviour (OB) which dominates much of this special issue. We explain how taking an Industrial Relations (IR) perspective on voice can add value to our understanding by looking at voice as a means to challenge management, or as a vehicle for employee self-determination
A comparison of strain and classic experimental modal analysis

This research is focused on a comparison of classic and strain experimental modal analysis (EMA). The modal parameters (the natural frequencies, the displacement mode shapes (DMSs) and the damping) of real structures are usually identified with classic EMA, where the responses are measured with motion sensors (e.g. accelerometers). Strain EMA is a special approach in the field of EMA, where the responses are measured with strain sensors. Classic EMA is the preferred method, but strain EMA offers advantages that are important for particular applications: for example, the direct identification of strain mode shapes (SMSs), which is important in the vibration-fatigue and damage-identification models. The next advantage is that strain EMA can sometimes be used, for experimental/geometrical reasons, where classic EMA cannot. There are also drawbacks: for example with strain EMA only, the mass-normalization of the DMSs and SMSs cannot be performed. This study researches the theoretical similarities and differences of both EMA approaches. Furthermore, the accuracy of both approaches for the case of a free–free supported beam and a free–free supported plate is investigated. Classic and strain EMA were performed with a piezoelectric accelerometer and the piezoelectric strain gauges, respectively. The results show that the accuracy of strain EMA results (the natural frequencies, DMSs and the damping) is comparable to the accuracy of classic EMA.
Using Landscape Variables to Assess Stream Health in Ohio's Western Allegheny Plateau

KING, LISA A. , M.A., March 2008, Geography Using Landscape Variables to Assess Stream Health in Ohio’s Western Allegheny Plateau (91 pp.) Director of Thesis: James M. Dyer For twenty years the Ohio EPA has characterized stream health using fish and macroinvertebrate community assemblages, as well as by local habitat within the stream. Since the adjoining landscape may also influence stream health, this research explores a variety of easily attainable GIS land use/cover, population, and forest connectivity data to find which best correlate with stream health. Four different metrics (percent native fish, darters/sculpins, intolerant, and sensitive species) were evaluated against forty-eight different independent variables using multiple regression. Three variables were important for predicting stream health: density of abandoned mine openings in the upstream catchment, forest connectivity in a 66 ha area surrounding the sample point, and percent wetlands (from NLCD) within the HUC-14 subwatershed. Percent forest cover (GIRAS) in the upstream riparian buffer was also important for intolerant species. Despite known macroand micro-controls on fish communities, landscape variables were able to explain up to half the variance in these fish metrics. Approved: __________________________________________________________ James M. Dyer Associate Professor of Geography
Decision-Making in Adolescents According to reaction Time, HEG and PASS

Background: The Planning, Attention, Simultaneous and Successive (PASS) theory of intelligence allows us cognitive assessment. Hemoencephalography (HEG) allows us to assess cortical prefrontal activity. Reaction time (RT) allows us to assess decision-making. We aim to find teenager profile according to the PASS, HEG, and RT. Methods and findings: 59 secondary education adolescent students (30 females and 29 males, 14-16- year-old, mean=15.29, SD=0.67) were tested by two RT + HEG experiments. Stimuli of experiment 1 were cognitive and emotional dilemmas as displayed sentences or images. Stimuli of experiment 2 were shocking, unpleasant, and pleasant pictures with music or without music. PASS assessment was performed. We used oneway ANOVA (F-test) and correlation analysis. Longer reaction time was found in emotional dilemmas than cognitive items (p=0.000). The HEG activity deviation from baseline was not consistent in both cognitive and emotional processing and the statistically significant value showed remarkable variability. HEG-activity differences at statistically significant level between cognitive and emotional processing were not found, indicating that both cognitive and emotional tasks scored close together. All this means atypical pattern related to adult pattern. Poorer planning, attention, and successive was associated with poorer academic performance (p=0.00). Conclusion: A longer RT in emotional decision-making along with a simultaneously atypical HEG activity and all this associated with the relationship between poorer planning and poorer academic performance makes it reasonable that an imbalance between cognition and emotion in adolescence (relative to adulthood) contributes to adolescent personality. This imbalance is hypothesized to result in distinct patterns of activity shown in fMRI, and – we hypothesize – HEG in adolescence. Further HEG studies are needed.
Cooperate for Profits or Compete for Market? Study of Oligopolistic Pricing with a Business Game

This study investigated a dilemma faced by companies when they set their prices - to engage in tacit price cooperation to achieve acceptable average profits or to increase market share through intensive price competition. The results obtained in a seven-firm oligopoly were followed for over four years. A comparison of firms competing in THE MULTINATIONAL MANAGEMENT GAME showed that oligopolistic competition led to Nash equilibrium as suggested by Game Theory. Initial profits were transformed into longer-term losses and company share prices fell. The results suggest it is advisable for firms to pursue legal ways to obtain â€œcooperative competitionâ€ which results in benefits to stakeholders, that would otherwise not occur, as well as making the industry an attractive investment, helping to sustain the economy's development while being socially responsible by improving wages and creating and maintaining jobs.
The Flattening Firm, Incentive Pay, and Increasing Product Market Competition from Trade Shocks

This paper establishes a causal effect of product market competition on various characteristics of organizational design. Using a unique panel-dataset on firm hierarchies of large U.S. firms (1986-1999) and a quasi-natural experiment (trade liberalization), we find that competition leads firms to flatten their hierarchies: (i) firms reduce the number of positions between the CEO and division managers and (ii) increase the number of positions reporting directly to the CEO. Firms also increase division manager pay and incentives. The results illustrate how firms redesign their organizational structure through a set of complementary choices in response to changes in their environment.
Moderating effect of product type on online shopping behaviour and purchase intention: An Indian perspective

Abstract As per the ASSOCHAM-Resurgent survey (2016), around 70 million people in India shopped for something online, and this number is expected to cross 100 million by 2017. This fact clearly reverberates the fact that Indian e-commerce has come a long way. The objective of this paper is to analyse the factors that influence online shopping behaviour of existing online shoppers of India, with a focus on driving continued usage. The study also examines product-specific purchase behaviour of online consumers through a multi-group moderation analysis conducted for electronics and fashion goods. A comprehensive research model was proposed, integrating relevant constructs from existing literature. The model was, then, empirically tested using structural equation modelling on primary data collected through self-administered survey. Data was collected from 344 online shoppers with prior shopping experience. The results showed that perceived usefulness and perceived risk were the top two significant predictors of online purchase intention for Indian consumers. Based on multi-group moderation analysis findings, the study advocated e-commerce companies to build product-specific strategies as different product characteristics require different channel capabilities to enhance the online shopping experience.
Isolation of Coriander Oil: Comparison Between Steam Distillation and Supercritical CO2 Extraction

Ripe fruits of Coriander sativum L. were extracted by steam distillation and by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), using CO2 in a two-stage separation system. An inexpensive thermal expansion procedure for supercritical fluid delivery has been developed. The identification of components was performed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). The percentage composition of the 40 identified compounds was compared with the composition of a commercial coriander oil extracted by hydrodistillation. #1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Land tenure and forest cover change . The case of southwestern Beni , Bolivian Amazon , 1986 e 2009

As land use change continues to increase throughout the Amazon basin, there is a pressing need to accurately map, quantify and assess the effects of different factors on forest cover change (FCC). Land tenure may sometimes have important effects on forest cover, yet such effects remain poorly understood in Amazonia, particularly outside Brazil. In this paper we assess whether significant differences in trends of FCC can be partially explained by different land tenure arrangements, using a case study in southwestern Beni (Bolivian Amazon). We examine spatio-temporal dynamics of FCC across four land tenure systems (indigenous titled territory, protected area, logging concession, and private land) by classifying forests using a time-series of Landsat satellite imagery consisting of four dates (1986, 1996, 2001, 2009). Specifically, we unravel (1) trends in early growth and old-growth forest extent, including changes in total cover area, annual change rates, and spatial change dynamics, and (2) trends in old-growth forest fragmentation. To better understand the association between land tenure and FCC, we qualitatively assess the potential role that other underlying and proximate drivers may have had in FCC over the study period. We found that private lands underwent, by far, the largest FCC, that indigenous territories and the protected area had little FCC, and that logging concessions were responsible for the lowest FCC. Our findings suggest that land tenure played a key role in FCC except in private areas, where many other drivers had operated. Our study sheds light into the potential role of land tenure in FCC and has important implications for public policies aimed at socioeconomic development and environmental conservation in the Amazon. We give some policy recommendations drawn from a biocultural conservation perspective that could contribute to implement more inclusive conservation policies in the region. 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
ARCHETYPAL EFL READERS: PRELIMINARY EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE SUBSTANTIATED FROM SELECTED DISCRIMINATING VARIABLES

The study is an attempt to empirically examine factors that differentiate EFL readers with different EFL reading proficiency levels. Four selected factors believed to play a role in reading comprehension are considered, namely: linguistic knowledge, reading strategies, text structure knowledge, content and world background knowledge. Discriminant analysis was employed to scrutinize the data collected on these variables. The analysis wraps up, revealing that advanced EFL readers, while they are sufficiently equipped with formal schemata that necessarily embrace both linguistic knowledge and text structure knowledge, can be speculated to consist of three groups: those who fail to activate their relevant schemata, those who fail to use their reading strategies, and those who can function both content and world background knowledge and their reading strategies with ease.
Small flow-time representation of fermion bilinear operators

Fermion bilinear operators of mass dimension~$3$, such as the axial-vector and vector currents, the pseudo-scalar and scalar densities, whose normalizations are fixed by Ward--Takahashi (WT) relations, are related to small flow-time behavior of composite operators of fermion fields evolved by Luscher's flow equation. The representations can be useful in lattice numerical simulations, as recently demonstrated by the WHOT QCD collaboration for the chiral condensation of the $N_f=2+1$ quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at finite temperature.
Assessing uncertainties in flood forecasts for decision making: prototype of an operational flood management system integrating ensemble predictions

Abstract. Ensemble forecasts aim at framing the uncertainties of the potential future development of the hydro-meteorological situation. A probabilistic evaluation can be used to communicate forecast uncertainty to decision makers. Here an operational system for ensemble based flood forecasting is presented, which combines forecasts from the European COSMO-LEPS, SRNWP-PEPS and COSMO-DE prediction systems. A multi-model lagged average super-ensemble is generated by recombining members from different runs of these meteorological forecast systems. A subset of the super-ensemble is selected based on a priori model weights, which are obtained from ensemble calibration. Flood forecasts are simulated by the conceptual rainfall-runoff-model ArcEGMO. Parameter uncertainty of the model is represented by a parameter ensemble, which is a priori generated from a comprehensive uncertainty analysis during model calibration. The use of a computationally efficient hydrological model within a flood management system allows us to compute the hydro-meteorological model chain for all members of the sub-ensemble. The model chain is not re-computed before new ensemble forecasts are available, but the probabilistic assessment of the output is updated when new information from deterministic short range forecasts or from assimilation of measured data becomes available. For hydraulic modelling, with the desired result of a probabilistic inundation map with high spatial resolution, a replacement model can help to overcome computational limitations. A prototype of the developed framework has been applied for a case study in the Mulde river basin. However these techniques, in particular the probabilistic assessment and the derivation of decision rules are still in their infancy. Further research is necessary and promising.
The effects of depression and anxiety levels on the status of recovery in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Yöntem: Bu çal›flma hastanede yatan sensorinöral iflitme kay›pl› hastalarla (n=50), sa¤l›kl› kontrol grubunda (n=52) gerçeklefltirildi. Anksiyete ve depresyon semptomlar›n›n fliddet derecesi hastaneye kabul s›ras›nda uygulanan Durumsal Sürekli Kayg› Envanteri (STAI) ve Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDI) ile de¤erlendirildi. Bafllang›çta ve tedavi sonras›nda (4. haftan›n sonunda) her bir hastan›n odyolojik de¤erlendirme formundan 50 olgunun tüm iflitme verileri elde edildi.
Changes in fruit quality parameters in Japanese plum CV. Kala Amritsari with chemical flower thinning

The excessive flowering and fruiting leads to production of poor quality fruits in Japanese plum cv. Kala Amritsari. The crop load needs to be managed in such a way that without reducing yield, proper fruit size and quality is maintained. There are various approaches for reducing final number of fruits per tree viz. inhibition of fruit bud differentiation, fruitlet thinning and blossom thinning. The flower thinning chemicals (urea4% & 6%; Ammonium Thiosulphate 2% & 4%; NAA 20 ppm & 40 ppm) were applied as foliar spray at full bloom stage to reduced number of fruits and corresponding improvement in fruit quality. The fruit weight (16.61g, 14.96g) and TSS (13.80 oBrix, 13.90 oBrix) were recorded maximum with the application of ATS (4%) followed by ATS (2%). The quality parameters were minimum in control fruits when compared with fruits from flower thinned trees.
Phosphorus cardanol: chemical characterization and thermal stability

Due to the wide use of the cardanol to develop new additives, this study presents the chemical characterization of phosphorus cardanol using FTIR and Thermoanalytical techniques (TG / DSC / DTA), and the evaluation of the antioxidant potentiality of compound when added to a lubricating oil. In this paper, the authors also included the thermal study of phosphorus cardanol by heating in an oven, monitoring changes in FTIR. According to results, the phosphorus cardanol showed good thermal stability when compared with other compounds of the same class "phosphate esters" and showed no changes before and after heating at 120 ° C, under air atmosphere. Thus, the phosphorus compound derived from cardanol has potential application as additive for lubricating oils and petrochemicals of the same segment.