Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mediation and Moderation of the Relationship Between Intrinsic Religiousness and Mental Health

The present study examined specific aspects of individuals’ personal strivings as mediators, and religious tradition as a moderator, of the relationship between intrinsic religiousness and mental health. In a sample of 268 university students, the negative relationship between intrinsic religiousness and hostility was mediated by the degree of sanctification within individuals’ strivings. The relationships between intrinsic religiousness and both anxiety and depression were moderated by religious tradition, with Catholics’ intrinsic religiousness significantly associated with greater anxiety and depression but Protestants’ intrinsic religiousness not significantly associated with either of these mental health variables. Implications of these results for future research on religiousness are discussed.
LOCAL CATION ENTRY AND SELF‐ELECTROPHORESIS AS AN INTRACELLULAR LOCALIZATION MECHANISM *

We are concerned with the mechanisms of intracellular localization that contribute to development. How, for example, does an ameboid cell form a protrusion at one point and not a t another? How does a neuron initiate an outgrowth a t one point and not a t another? How is a neurite’s continued growth oriented? How does a plant egg or spore initiate an outgrowth at one point and not a t another? How are “vegetal” materials localized in one end of an animal egg so that it develops into gut, not skin? Genetic mechanisms have proven to have considerable generality; much of what is true of the genetics of bacteria is likewise true of man. Similarly, we expect morphogenetic mechanisms, in particular those of intracellular localization, to have much generality. Therefore, we have focused our study upon the early development of the fucoid egg. Unlike animal eggs, this common seaweed egg has no preformed animal-vegetal axis. The fucoid zygote is essentially apolar. Then, in the course of a day or less, it initiates growth at one pole, visibly polarizes, and divides into two quite different cells: a rhizoid, or attachment, cell a t the growth pole and a thallus cell a t its antipode (FIGURE 1). This first day of the fucoid egg’s development is a prototype of the localization process. We are further focusing our study upon an essentially electrical hypothesis of localization. According to this hypothesis, the plasma membrane in a growth region, or presumptive growth region, becomes relatively leaky to certain cations that are normally a t a much higher electrochemical potential outside of the cell than within it. These cations could include Caz+, MgZ+, Na+, and H+. The resultant movement of these cations into this region constitutes entry of an electrical current. Movement of this cation flux or current through the resistance of the cytoplasm under the leak will necessarily generate a cytoplasmicjeld that is relatively positive under the leaky portion of the membrane. This field will generate movement. It will tend to pull vesicles and other cytoplasmic constituents with a negative surface charge toward the leaky membrane region. This movement, in turn, may act to make the local membrane leakier, which thus provides the last link in apositive feedback loop. This loop would serve to establish and maintain localized growth, expansion, segregation. and other functions. Specifically, this movement could give such feedback by causing fusion of certain vesicles with the plasma membrane if these vesicles were themselves relatively leaky to particular cations or if they thus released substances that made preexisting parts of the membrane leaky. In our view, the mature nerve synapse may serve as a model of this hypothesis,
Transfer of zymosan (yeast cell walls) to the parasitophorous vacuoles of macrophages infected with Leishmania amazonensis

Leishmania are flagellated protozoan parasites which, in their amastigote stages, survive and multiply within phagolysosome-like parasitophorous vacuoles (PV) of mammalian macrophages (MO). This study develops an earlier ultrastructural, incidental observation that zymosan particles (Z) were transferred to the PV of macrophages infected with Leishmania amazonensis. In the present report, a pulse- chase light microscopic assay was used to delineate several features of the Z transfer. The assay reflects both the movement of internalized particles to a position adjoining a PV, and their delivery to the vacuoles. Transfer was selective, in the sense that Z, beta-glucan or heat-killed yeast particles were transferred, whereas latex beads, aldehyde-fixed, or immunoglobulin G-coated erythrocytes were not. This selectivity may be related to the high density of carbohydrate ligands displayed on the surface of yeast-derived particles, to ligand resistance to lysosomal degradation or to signals encoded in the cytosolic tails of the receptors involved in particle recognition. A few Z particles could be found within PV after 1 h of incubation with infected MO, but chase periods of several hours at 34 degrees C were required for particle transfer to the PV in a substantial proportion of the MO. Ammonium chloride, chloroquine, or monensin, compounds which increase the pH in acidified compartments, substantially enhanced the transfer of Z particles. Finally, transfer was inhibited by cytochalasin D, but was unaffected by the antitubulin nocodazole. Although it is not yet known if particle transfer occurs by fusion of donor vesicles with PV or by interiorization of the former into the latter, the model described should be useful in the study of the interactions between large phagocytic vesicles and the modulation of those interactions by cellular, parasitic, and environmental signals.
Static output feedback of equivariant linear systems with applications to the control of interconnected agents

We focus on controlled linear systems which are invariant with respect to a set of linear transformations associated to a general multiplicative finite group G. We investigate their control theoretical properties of stability, stabilizability, detectability and output feedback stabilizability. We apply the obtained results to systems obtained by the interconnection of identical subsystems, exploiting their invariance with respect to the group of the automorphisms of the connection graph.
2 FACTORS INFLUENCING PERCEIVED BENEFITS AND USER SATISFACTION IN KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

With the ever-growing deluge of information, knowledge management systems (KMS) have become a key technology, enabling the extraction and filtering of valuable information by integrating seemingly unconnected or hidden pieces of information to create invaluable business insights. KMS may use sophisticated technical methods such as text analysis, search and querying, or facilitate state of the art Web 2.0 tools for sharing knowledge and collaborating. Research on the factors influencing user behavior and attitudes must regard modern KMS differently from IS. The reason for this is the great importance of the human factor in organizational knowledge management (KM): the user is not only a consumer of the system's output, as in information systems (IS), but also in many cases a producer of knowledge and an active participant in the system's functioning; global firms today are dependent mostly on e-communication; and KM is playing an ever-more important role in facilitating organizational competitiveness. Based on existing research in the area of effectiveness of IS and KMS, with modifications designed to include the special characteristics of KMS, this study offers a model for predicting user’s perceived benefits and user satisfaction, accepted factors of system success, in organizational KMS. Four constructs are theorized to influence the dependent variables: system quality, knowledge quality, user IS competence and organizational attitude to KM. In addition, a new measure for KMS quality is proposed.
An Evaluation of a Storybook Targeting Parental Attitudes, Intention, and Self-Efficacy to Change Their Child’s Oral Health Behavior

Objective: Methods for reducing dental disease have traditionally focused on health education rather than targeting psychosocial determinants of the core behaviors through behavior change strategies. This study tested a novel intervention in the form of a children’s story (Kitten’s First Tooth) embedded with behavior change techniques (Abraham & Michie, 2008) with the aim of investigating how effective the intervention was at improving parents’ efficacy and intention to enact oral health behaviors for their child. Method: A controlled before and after study conducted in a deprived area of England (n = 149; child mean age 4 years) with an intervention and control group. Changes in task specific parental self-efficacy (PSE) and intention were measured using the Oral Health Behaviors Questionnaire (OHBQ; Adair et al., 2004) at baseline and 3 months following intervention. Results: Of the 149 participants, 129 returned both baseline and evaluation questionnaires (retention 86.6%), 125 of these pairs of questionnaires were used in the analysis (83.4%). The OHBQ was analyzed using a general linear model (ANCOVA). A significant difference was found in favor of the intervention group for PSE related to child tooth brushing behaviors, F(1,1) = 12.04, p = . 001, however no change was observed for PSE related to control of dietary sugars. Conclusions: A theorized children’s story can be effective as an oral health promotion intervention by supporting parents to improve their child’s oral health-related behavior. Change was observed for child tooth brushing but not sugar control. This may reflect story contents or may be indicative of difficulties of changing dietary behavior.
The role of minor histocompatibility alloantigens in penetrating keratoplasty.

BACKGROUND/AIMS To review the experimental evidence that implicates minor histocompatibility (H) antigens in the vulnerability of orthotopic corneal transplants to rejection, and to speculate on the possible role of minor H antigens in penetrating keratoplasty in humans. METHODS Orthotopic corneal transplantations have been conducted in numerous inbred strains of mice and rats, and the fate of these grafts, as well as the immune responses mounted by recipients, have been examined in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Minor H antigens have been found to be more important barriers to the success of orthotopic corneal transplants in rodents than have grafts disparate at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The reasons for this reversal of the immunogenetic rules of transplantation reflect unique features of the cornea with respect to (a) expression of MHC-encoded molecules, (b) content of class II MHC-bearing antigen presenting cells, (c) vulnerability to rejection by direct alloreactive T cells, and (d) existence of ocular immune privilege. CONCLUSION Since minor H antigens are the major barriers to acceptance of orthotopic corneal allografts in rodents, minor H antigens should be considered as important targets of rejection in failed penetrating keratoplasty in humans.
The sagittal growth of the lower face during foetal life.

The mandibular line (ML) seems to show stability with both the anterior cranial base (NSI,) and with the Nasal Line (NL) during foetal lifr. The jaw angle, gn—go—co also shows angular stability during the same period. These findings suggest that the lower jaw follows the angular changes found in the cranial base, nasal septum and the upper jaw, the primary factor being possibly the cranial base. There is a reduction in the prognathic development of the lower jaw in the period investigated. Increased lower face prognathism seems to be associated with an anterior rotation of the lower jaw. Lower anterior facial height increases more than upper anterior facial height whereas horizontal growth of the lower face shows less increase than the anterior cranial base, nasal septum and upper jaw. Increased lower face height is followed by a long lower jaw, a large jaw angle and an increased distance between the condyle and NSL. Increase in the sm-NSP distance seems to be associated with a relative anterior position .
Dependence of the hydration shell structure in the minor groove of the DNA double helix on the groove width as revealed by monte carlo simulation

The hydration shell of several conformations of the polynucleotides poly(dA) · poly(dT), poly (dA) · poly (dU), and poly (dA‐dl) · poly (dT‐dC) has been simulated using the Monte Carlo method (Metropolis sampling). Calculations have shown that the structure of the hydration shell of the minor groove greatly depends on its width. In conformations with a narrowed minor groove, the first layer of the hydration shell of this groove has only one molecule per nucleotide pair that forms H bonds with purine N3 of one pair and pyrimidine O2 of the next pair. The second layer of the hydration shell of such conformations contains molecules that form H bonds between two adjacent molecules of the first layer. The probability of formation of hydration spine is about 20% while the bridges of the first layer are formed with a probability of about 70%.
Bubble formation in organic light-emitting diodes

Bubbles in organic light-emitting diodes can be formed from gas release due to Joule heating effect at localized electrical shorts during operation, which could be simulated by a rapid thermal annealing. The gases in the bubbles consist of not only adsorbed moistures but also the decomposed organic species, which are detected in situ in an ultrahigh vacuum chamber. In the device of Al/tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq/N,N′-diphenyl-N.N′-bis-{3-methylphenyl}{1,1′biphenyl}-4,4′-diamine/indium tin oxide (ITO), the gases released from ITO surface were mainly of adsorbed moistures, while those released from the organic layers were of both the decomposed products from Alq and the trapped moistures. The decomposition of Alq could not be easily avoided if there were severe localized electrical shorts in the devices.
Factors Associated with Frequent Utilization of Crisis Substance Use Detoxification Services

ABSTRACT Previous research suggests that some substance users have multiple crisis detoxification visits and never access rehabilitation care. This care-seeking pattern leads to poorer outcomes and higher costs. The authors aimed to identify predictors of repeat detoxification visits by analyzing state-level data routinely collected at the time of substances use services admission. Repeat detoxification clients were more likely to be homeless, city-dwelling fee-for-service Medicaid recipients. Repeat detoxification clients were less likely than those with one admission to enter rehabilitation within 3 days. Treatment providers should aim for rapid transfer to rehabilitation and consider expanding detoxification intake data to improve risk stratification.
Reconstructing the DNA Methylation Maps of the Neandertal and the Denisovan

Methylating the Family Tree DNA sequences show a high level of similarities between humans and ancient hominids but the degree to which there are differences between methylated regions in their genomes that may explain phenotypic differences is unclear. Gokhman et al. (p. 523, published online 17 April) demonstrate that naturally degraded methylated cytosines in ancient DNA are converted to thymines and can be used to reconstruct ancient methylomes. The results suggest differences in methylation in bone tissues between modern humans and ancient hominids in a set of genes important for limb development. Estimates of differentially methylated nucleotides illuminate differences between modern human and ancient hominid bones. Ancient DNA sequencing has recently provided high-coverage archaic human genomes. However, the evolution of epigenetic regulation along the human lineage remains largely unexplored. We reconstructed the full DNA methylation maps of the Neandertal and the Denisovan by harnessing the natural degradation processes of methylated and unmethylated cytosines. Comparing these ancient methylation maps to those of present-day humans, we identified ~2000 differentially methylated regions (DMRs). Particularly, we found substantial methylation changes in the HOXD cluster that may explain anatomical differences between archaic and present-day humans. Additionally, we found that DMRs are significantly more likely to be associated with diseases. This study provides insight into the epigenetic landscape of our closest evolutionary relatives and opens a window to explore the epigenomes of extinct species.
SOIL GEOCHEMICAL ANALYSES AT THE PRECLASSIC SITE OF XTOBO, YUCATAN, MEXICO

Abstract The geochemical analysis of soil samples collected in association with archaeological remains has proven to be an effective tool in the identification of past human behaviors. These methodologies are here applied to the study of notable features from the site of Xtobo, Yucatan, Mexico. Xtobo is a Preclassic Maya regional center in northwest Yucatan exhibiting a complex settlement pattern, including a well-defined plaza, multiple raised causeways, and a ballcourt. In addition, the site includes a large defined open area, which was initially thought to be a potential marketplace. The results of the geochemical soil analyses identified several areas of food production and consumption throughout the site, along with potential craft production zones. The results in association with the potential marketplace were intriguing, but inconclusive.
Estrus and fertility in lactating sows and piglet performance as influenced by limited nursing.

Seven trials were conducted with 126 sows and their litters to determine the influence of limited nursing (LN), starting on day 21 of lactation, on estrous activity and conception rate during lactation and on piglet performance. One-half of the sows in each of the first three trials were allowed to nurse their piglets four times daily for 30-min periods for 12 days. In the last four trials, half of the sows nursed their piglets four times daily for the first 3 days and then three times daily for 4 days (7-day limited nursing). The remaining sows in each trial were allowed to nurse their piglets in a normal manner. All piglets were weaned at the end of the LN period. Piglets were weighed at the start of the study, at weaning and at 14 days postweaning. Creep intake was measured during the LN period. In the first three trials, eight of the 26 LN sows were in estrus before weaning, whereas no control (C) sows were in estrus during lactation (P greater than .01). The average interval from weaning to breeding was 1.7 and 6.6 days for LN and C sows, respectively (P greater than .01). In the last four trials, five of 37 LN sows were in estrus before weaning, whereas no C sows were in estrus during lactation (P greater than .07). The average interval from weaning to estrus was 3.3 and 4.3 days for LN and C sows, respectively, (P greater than .05). Conception rate did not differ between trials or between treatment groups. Weight gain during the treatment period was lower and creep feed intake greater (both P greater than .01) for pigs reared by LN sows than for piglets reared by C sows. Weight gained after weaning was greater (P greater than .05) for piglets reared by LN sows than for those reared by C sows in the first three trials, but was similar for the two groups in the following four trials. Piglet death loss was similar for the two groups throughout the experiment.
Adaptation and initial psychometric study of the self-report version of Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS-SR)

Abstract Objective. The objectives of the present study were to adapt the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale from the clinician administered to the self-report version (LSAS-SR) and to perform the initial psychometric studies concerning internal consistency and item analysis. Methods. The phase of adaptation was performed by two specialists in the Mental Health area and the face validity was tested by a group of 30 university students. As part of the psychometric study of the LSAS-SR, the internal consistency was assessed and the items were analyzed by applying the scale to 682 university students. Results. The LSAS-SR proved to be easy to understand by the group studied, with no need to make any changes in the instructions for application. The scale showed adequate internal consistency (α = 0.96) as well as an acceptable correlation between items and total score (0.38–0.72). Conclusions. The initial psychometric studies of the LSAS-SR presented adequate indicators, stimulating the continuation of studies involving the validation and reliability of the scale not only when applied to a sample of the general population, but also when applied to clinical groups.
The degrees of freedom of penalized l1 minimization

In this paper, we investigate the degrees of freedom (df) of penalized l1 minimization (also known as the Lasso) for linear regression models. We give a closed-form expression of the degrees of freedom of the Lasso response. Namely, we show that for any given Lasso regularization parameter$ \lambda$ and any observed data y belongs to a set of full measure, the cardinal of the support of a particular solution of the Lasso problem is an unbiased estimator of the degrees of freedom of the Lasso response. This work is achieved without any assumption on the uniqueness of the Lasso solution. Thus, our result remains true for both the underdetermined and the overdetermined case studied originally in Zou et al. We also prove that a key result in Zou et al. is not true by providing a simple counterexample. An effective estimator of the number of degrees of freedom may have several applications including an objectively guided choice of the regularization parameter in the Lasso through the SURE framework.
Examining the Dimensionality of Colquitt's Organizational Justice Scale in a Public Health Sector Context

In 2001, Colquitt developed an Organizational Justice Scale that intended to measure procedural, distributive, interpersonal, and informational justice. The dimensionality of the scale has been tested in subsequent studies with diverging results. Given the fact that contextual differences may account for more variation across research sites than individual differences, the deviating research findings may be due to context. This study examined the dimensionality of Colquitt's Organizational Justice Scale in a new context: the public health sector. The procedural and informational justice dimensions were highly correlated, but confirmatory factor analysis showed that a four-factor solution provided a better fit than a three-factor solution. All fit indices for the four-factor model were consistent with a good model. There was, however, evidence of a potential omitted factor, procedural-voice justice, which has also been found in a previous examination of the measure in the public sector.