Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
‘I Like How You Think’: Similarity as an Interaction Bias in the Investor–Entrepreneur Dyad

Investigating the factors that influence venture capital decision‐making has a long tradition in the management and entrepreneurship literatures. However, few studies have considered the factors that might bias an investment decision in a way that is idiosyncratic to a given investor–entrepreneur dyad. We do so in this study. Specifically, we build from the literature on the ‘similarity effect’ to investigate the extent to which decision‐making process similarity (shared between the investor and the entrepreneur) might bias or otherwise impact the investor's evaluation of a new venture investment opportunity. Our findings suggest venture capitalists evaluate more favourably opportunities represented by entrepreneurs who ‘think’ in ways similar to their own. Moreover, in the presence of decision‐making process similarity, the impacts of other factors that inform the investment decision actually change in counter‐intuitive ways.
A Urinary Marker of Oxidative Stress Covaries Positively With Hostility Among Midlife Community Volunteers

Objective: Although not all findings are consistent, growing evidence suggests that individuals high in dispositional hostility are at elevated risk for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality; however, the mechanisms of these associations remain unclear. One possibility is that hostility is associated with oxidative stress. Here, we explore relationships between hostility and a measure of systemic oxidative stress among a mid-life sample. Methods: In a community sample of 223 adults aged 30 to 54 years (86% white, 50% female), oxidative stress was measured as the 24-hour urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). An abbreviated Cook Medley Hostility Scale was used to measure dimensions of hostility. Results: Regression analyses controlling for demographic characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors showed a positive relationship of 8-OHdG with total hostility (&bgr; = 0.003, p = .03) and hostile affect (&bgr; = 0.018, p < .001). Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that dispositional hostility, and in particular, hostile affect, covary positively with systemic oxidative stress, raising the possibility that oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenicity of hostile attributes. 8-OHdG = 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine; ACM = abbreviated Cook-Medley Hostility scale; AHAB = adult health and behavior; BMI = body mass index; ROS = reactive oxygen species.
Projected Sensitivity of the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment

SuperCDMS SNOLAB will be a next-generation experiment aimed at directly detecting low-mass particles (with masses ≤ 10 GeV/c^2) that may constitute dark matter by using cryogenic detectors of two types (HV and iZIP) and two target materials (germanium and silicon). The experiment is being designed with an initial sensitivity to nuclear recoil cross sections ∼ 1×10^(−43) cm^2 for a dark matter particle mass of 1 GeV/c^2, and with capacity to continue exploration to both smaller masses and better sensitivities. The phonon sensitivity of the HV detectors will be sufficient to detect nuclear recoils from sub-GeV dark matter. A detailed calibration of the detector response to low-energy recoils will be needed to optimize running conditions of the HV detectors and to interpret their data for dark matter searches. Low-activity shielding, and the depth of SNOLAB, will reduce most backgrounds, but cosmogenically produced ^3H and naturally occurring ^(32)Si will be present in the detectors at some level. Even if these backgrounds are 10 times higher than expected, the science reach of the HV detectors would be over 3 orders of magnitude beyond current results for a dark matter mass of 1 GeV/c^2. The iZIP detectors are relatively insensitive to variations in detector response and backgrounds, and will provide better sensitivity for dark matter particles with masses ≳ 5 GeV/c^2. The mix of detector types (HV and iZIP), and targets (germanium and silicon), planned for the experiment, as well as flexibility in how the detectors are operated, will allow us to maximize the low-mass reach, and understand the backgrounds that the experiment will encounter. Upgrades to the experiment, perhaps with a variety of ultra-low-background cryogenic detectors, will extend dark matter sensitivity down to the “neutrino floor,” where coherent scatters of solar neutrinos become a limiting background.
Specialist Gross Trading Revenues at the New York Stock Exchange

In this paper, we use April 1993 specialist transaction data on 200 NYSE stocks to estimate average specialist gross trading revenues. We define gross trading revenues as the daily change in the specialist's dollar inventory position plus the trade-associated daily change in the specialist's cash position. We estimate that specialist gross trading revenues in the sampled stocks average $670 per stock per day or 0.4 cents per share traded. Of the 200 sample stocks, the sixty most actively traded stocks account for virtually all specialist gross trading revenues. The twenty most actively traded sample stocks account for 63 percent of specialist gross trading revenues. We disaggregate gross trading revenues into spread and positioning revenues. Spread revenues are the most reliable component of trading revenues, averaging $970 per stock per day. Positioning losses averaged $300 per stock per day. On average, therefore, about one third of spread revenues go to offset positioning losses. Specialist spread revenues vary by trade size: specialists earn 9 cents per (round-trip) share in spread revenues from small trades and 6 cents per share on larger trades. Finally, we find that specialists trade extensively inside the quoted spread. Only 37 percent of specialist buy trades, for example, take place at the quoted bid; 42 percent occur between the bid and midpoint of the quote and 20 percent occur above the quote midpoint.
New dibenz[b, f]oxepins from Cercis chinensis Bunge

Three new dibenz[b,f]oxepins: 6-methoxy-7-methyl-8-hydroxydibenz[b, f]oxepin (1), 1,8-dimethoxy-6-hydroxy-7-methyldibenz[b, f]oxepin (2), and 1-hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-7-methyldibenz[b,f]oxepin (3), along with two known dibenz[b,f]oxepins pacharin (4) and bauhiniastatin 4 (5), were isolated from Cercis chinensis Bunge (Leguminosae). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence (EI-MS, UV, IR, 1H, 13C and 2D NMR). Compounds 1–5 were isolated from the Cercis genus for the first time.
Prenatal Effects of Different Intra-Uterine Milieus on Fetal Glucose Sensing Mechanisms during Gestation in Rats

The intra-uterine milieu programs the health of an individual throughout life. This effect has been called fetal origin of adult disease. The altered maternal metabolism is associated with a diabetogenic effect in the adult offspring. The pancreatic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and peripheral response to insulin are central in glucose homeostasis in fetal circulation and the modulation of these processes during the fetal development may have a serious complications long-lasting. This study was aimed to delineate the prenatal (at gestational day 17) effects of different maternal health challenges on the fetal glucose sensing mechanisms including GLUT2, glucokinase, mitochondrial transcription factor A (mTFA), uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), phospho-insulin receptor (Phosho-IR) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). We used hyperglycemic, obese and malnourished beside normal female rats to establish pregnancy that was terminated at GD 17. The fetal pancreas, liver, muscle and adipose tissues were obtained for determination of the studied parameters. The results indicated up-regulation of GLUT2, glucokinase, mtTFA and UCP2 expression in fetal pancreas and liver of hyperglycemic mothers fetuses while maternal obesity mildly up-regulate expression of GLUT2, glucokinase and UCP2 in fetal pancreas, liver and adipose tissues, while malnutrition causes down-regulation of UCP2 in pancreas, it up-regulates GLUT2 and glucokinase in liver. In muscle and adipose tissues the level of phosho-IR was increased under maternal hyperglycemia and malnutrition while GLUT4 level increased under maternal diabetes only. We can conclude that the fetal adverse environments can prenatally affect the expression of genes that linked to the development of type 2 diabetes including genes controlling glucose sensing and metabolism.
Technology Frames and Framing: A Socio-Cognitive Investigation of Requirements Determination

Requirements determination (RD) during information systems delivery (ISD) is a complex organizational endeavor, involving political, sensemaking, and communicative processes. This research draws on the analytic concept of technology frames of reference to develop a socio-cognitive process model of how frames and shifts in frame salience influence sensemaking during requirements determination. The model provides a theoretical and conceptual perspective that deepens our understanding of requirements processes in organizations and of the socio-cognitive basis of power in ISD. The paper reports on a longitudinal case study, in which four technology frame domains were identified and the influence of frames on project participants' understanding of requirements was traced through eight RD episodes. Repeated shifts in the salience of the business value of IT and IT delivery strategies frames disrupted project participants' understanding of requirements and contributed to a turbulent RD process. Analysis of frames and framing helped explain how interpretive power was exercised, yet constrained, in this project. Implications for further research and for practice are considered.
Debt Enforcement and Relational Contracting

We examine how third-party debt enforcement affects the emergence and performance of relational contracts in credit markets. We implement an experiment with finitely repeated credit relationships in which borrowers can default. In the weak enforcement treatment defaulting borrowers can keep their funds invested. In the strong enforcement treatment defaulting borrowers have to liquidate their investment. Under weak enforcement fewer relationships emerge in which loans are extended and repaid. When such relationships do emerge they exhibit a lower credit volume than under strong enforcement. These findings suggest that relational contracting in credit markets requires a minimum standard of third-party debt enforcement.
A control‐theoretic approach towards joint admission control and resource allocation of cloud computing services

Meeting the performance specifications of consolidated web services in a data center is challenging, as the control of the underlying cloud computing infrastructure must meet the service level agreement requirements and satisfy the system's constraints. In this article, we address the admission control and resource allocation problem jointly, by establishing a unified modeling and control framework. Convergence to a desired reference point and stability and feasibility of the control strategy are guaranteed while achieving high performance of the co‐hosted web applications. The efficacy of the proposed approach is illustrated in a real test bed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Functional Effects of Mutations in KvLQT1 that Cause Long QT Syndrome

Mutations in KvLQT1. Introduction: The long QT syndrome (LQT) is caused by mutations in genes encoding ion channels that modulate the duration of ventricular action potentials. One of these genes, KVLQT1, encodes an α subunit that coassembles with another subunit, hminK, to form the cardiac slow delayed rectifier (IKs) K+ channel.
Low-pH induced conformational changes in viral fusion proteins: implications for the fusion mechanism.

Introduction. Entry of enveloped viruses into host cells requires binding of the virus to one or more receptors present at the host cell surface followed by fusion of the viral envelope with a cellular membrane. After binding, viruses such as paramyxoviruses, retroviruses and herpesviruses are thought to fuse directly with the plasma membrane. For other viruses, including the alpha-, rhabdo- and ortho-myxoviruses, binding does not directly lead to fusion. Instead, the bound virus particles are first internalized and then, at the low-pH within this compartment, fuse with the endosomal membrane. In this review, we will focus on this latter class of viruses. For alpha-, rhabdo- and orthomyxoviruses, a glycoprotein is responsible for both virus attachment and fusion. In the acidic environment of the endosome, the ectodomain portion of the glycoprotein undergoes a major structural rearrangement to generate a fusion-competent state.
Corporate Earnings Track the Competitive Benchmark

Earnings are the flow of value created by corporations. I concentrate on the concept called EBITDA earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. This measure captures the results of the substantive non-financial activities of corporations and corresponds to the rental price of capital multiplied by the quantity of capital. I measure earnings per dollar of capital for all U.S. corporations and in 5 selected industries. I develop a competitive benchmark for the level of earnings, which takes account of adjustment costs, taxes, depreciation, and the financial opportunity cost of funds. I find that aggregate corporate earnings track the benchmark reasonably closely, leaving a relatively small unexplained component. Thus evidence of the flow of value gives little help in explaining the large discrepancies found in earlier work in the level of the market value of claims on corporations relative to the replacement cost of the capital stock. At the industry level, I find more volatility of both actual and benchmark earnings, with a high correlation between the two in 3 of the 5 industries.
Sustained virological response to interferon‐α is associated with improved outcome in HCV‐related cirrhosis: A retrospective study

The effect of achieving a sustained virological response (SVR) following interferon‐α (IFNα) treatment on the clinical outcomes of patients with HCV‐related cirrhosis is unknown. In an attempt to assess the risk of liver‐related complications, HCC and liver‐related mortality in patients with cirrhosis according to the response to IFNα treatment, a retrospective database was developed including all consecutive patients with HCV‐related, histologically proven cirrhosis treated with IFNα monotherapy between January 1992 and December 1997. SVR was an undetectable serum HCV‐RNA by PCR 24 weeks after IFNα discontinuation. HCC was assessed by ultrasound every 6 months. Independent predictors of all outcomes were assessed by Cox regression analysis. Of 920 patients, 124 (13.5%) were classified as achieving a SVR. During a mean follow‐up of 96.1 months (range: 6‐167) the incidence rates per 100 person‐years of liver‐related complications, HCC and liver‐related death were 0, 0.66, and 0.19 among SVR and 1.88, 2.10, and 1.44 among non‐SVR (P < 0.001 by log‐rank test). Multivariate analyses found that non‐SVR was associated with a higher risk of liver‐related complications (hazard ratio, HR, not applicable), HCC (HR 2.59; 95% CI 1.13‐5.97) and liver‐related mortality (HR 6.97; 95% CI 1.71‐28.42) as compared to SVR. Conclusion: Thus, in patients with HCV‐related, histologically proven cirrhosis, achievement of a SVR after IFNα therapy was associated with a reduction of liver‐related mortality lowering both the risk of complications and HCC development. Irrespective of SVR achievement, all patients should continue surveillance because the risk of occurrence of HCC was not entirely avoided. (HEPATOLOGY 2007;45:579–587.)
How Do Human Capital Assets Affect Cumulative Abnormal Returns During Merger and Acquisition Announcements?

The acquisition of physical assets is very different from acquisition of human capital assets. Holding physical asset size fixed, acquisitions involving more target employees are associated with lower announcement period returns. This effect is strongest in 1) within-industry mergers, 2) cross-region mergers, and 3) mergers involving employees with high-valued skill sets. Each of these conditions suggests MA that is, controlling for this EF, merger size is unrelated to announcement period returns.
Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia Clinical Correlates and Outcomes

OBJECTIVE: To estimate cancer outcome and outcome predictors of women with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN). METHODS: Outcomes of women with first diagnosis of EIN (“index biopsy”) were determined by follow-up pathology. Patient characteristics were correlated with EIN regression, EIN persistence, and progression to cancer. RESULTS: Fifteen percent (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.8–20.8%, 26 of 177) of index EIN biopsy samples had concurrent cancer. Of the women with cancer-free index EIN biopsy samples and follow-up by hysterectomy or more than 18 months of surveillance, 25% (95% CI 18.4–33.3%, 36 of 142) showed regression, 35% (95% CI 27.4–43.7%, 50 of 142) showed persistence, and 39% (95% CI 31.3–48.0%, 56 of 142) showed progression. Nonwhite ethnicity and progestin treatment reduced cancer outcomes (odds ratio [OR] 0.16, 95% CI 0.03–0.84 and OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.08–0.70, respectively), whereas body mass index greater than 25 increased malignant outcomes (body mass index 25 or higher, OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.10–8.45). CONCLUSION: Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia confers a high risk of cancer, but individual patient outcomes cannot be predicted. Management should include exclusion of concurrent carcinoma and consideration of hysterectomy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II
Contribution of JAK2 and STAT3 variants to the genetic susceptibility of recurrent spontaneous miscarriage in a Tunisian population.

AIMS Th1 and Th2 balance is crucial for maintenance of pregnancy, and intracellular JAK and STAT proteins significantly contribute to it. In view of evidence linking JAK2 and STAT3 variants with recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (RSM), here we investigated the association of JAK2 (rs2230724) and STAT3 (rs1053023 and rs1053004) to RSM susceptibility in Tunisians. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A retrospective case-control study. Subjects comprised 235 RSM cases and 235 control subjects. JAK2 and STAT3 were genotyped by the allelic discrimination method. RESULTS STAT3 rs1053023 and, to a lower extent, rs1053004 were significantly associated with RSM under the additive and dominant, but not recessive models. This remained significant after adjustment for the covariates age, smoking, and gravida. In contrast to STAT3 variants, JAK2 rs2230724 was not associated with RSM under any of the genetic models tested. Two-locus STAT3 (rs1053023/rs1053004) haplotype analysis revealed increased frequency of the C/G haplotype in patients with RSM. Multivariate regression analysis confirmed the association of C/G haplotype with RSM (p=0.001; odds ratio=2.01; 95% confidence interval=1.32-3.07), thus conferring RSM susceptibility nature. These differences remained significant after applying the Bonferroni correction for multiple testing (Pc=0.004). CONCLUSIONS STAT3 rs1053023, more so than the STAT3 rs1053004 or JAK2 rs2230724 polymorphisms, is associated with RSM risk.
The Strategic Development of Credit Unions

Scope, Content and Approach of Text The Ideological Debate about Purpose and Function The Structure, Competitive Performance and Regulation of US Credit Unions The Competitive Position of UK Credit Unions Operational Efficiency of UK Credit Unions Membership Group Orientation of UK Credit Unions and Total Member Benefits Deposit Insurance, Moral Hazard and UK Credit Unions The Policy and Practice of Employment Based Credit Unions Drawing On The Experience in The US The Growth, Performance and Regulation of Credit Unions in Asia, Africa and The Eastern Bloc Analysis of The Future Strategic Development of US, UK, African, Asian and Eastern Bloc Credit Unions.
High activity of K+-dependent plasmalemmal Na+/Ca2+ exchangers in hippocampal CA1 neurons

Ca2+ influx via reversed K+-dependent (NCKX) and/or K+-independent (NCX) plasmalemmal Na+/Ca2+ exchangers may play a role in neuronal death following global brain ischemia to which CA1 neurons are particularly vulnerable. Therefore, this work tested whether the rates of Ca2+ influx via reversed NCKX or NCX in cultured rat CA1 neurons differ from those in forebrain neurons (FNs) or cerebellar granule cells (CGCs). The NCKX-mediated Ca2+ influx was several times more rapid in CA1 neurons than in FNs or CGCs and was not affected by Na+/Ca2+ exchange inhibitors, KB-R7943 or bepridil. NCKX reversal inhibitors are not yet available. Their development would greatly facilitate further testing the role of NCKX in ischemic death of CA1 neurons.
Heat shock transcription factor activates transcription of the yeast metallothionein gene

In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, transcription of the metallothionein gene CUP1 is induced by copper and silver. Strains with a complete deletion of the ACE1 gene, the copper-dependent activator of CUP1 transcription, are hypersensitive to copper. These strains have a low but significant basal level of CUP1 transcription. To identify genes which mediate basal transcription of CUP1 or which activate CUP1 in response to other stimuli, we isolated an extragenic suppressor of an ace1 deletion. We demonstrate that a single amino acid substitution in the heat shock transcription factor (HSF) DNA-binding domain dramatically enhances CUP1 transcription while reducing transcription of the SSA3 gene, a member of the yeast hsp70 gene family. These results indicate that yeast metallothionein transcription is under HSF control and that metallothionein biosynthesis is important in response to heat shock stress. Furthermore, our results suggest that HSF may modulate the magnitude of individual heat shock gene transcription by subtle differences in its interaction with heat shock elements and that a single-amino-acid change can dramatically alter the activity of the factor for different target genes.
Comment on “Relative importance of climate and land use in determining present and future global soil dust emission” by I. Tegen et al.

: 0305 Atmospheric Composition and Structure:Aerosols and particles (0345, 4801); 0322 Atmospheric Composi-tion and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks; 0365 Atmo-spheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere—compositionand chemistry. Citation: Mahowald, N. M. , G. D. R. Rivera, andC. Luo (2004), Comment on ‘‘Relative importance of climate andland use in determining present and future global soil dustemission’’ by I. Tegen et al., Geophys. Res. Lett. , 31, L24105,doi:10.1029/2004GL021272.
End‐user software training: an experimental comparison of methods to enhance motivation

Abstract. Effective training is a key factor in determining the success of end‐user computing (EUC) in organizations. Software training research often focuses on one outcome of training – understanding. The experimental study reported here examines understanding, motivation, and use as outcomes of software training. Two methods of training, applications‐based and construct‐based, that focused on different levels of personal relevance were compared. The experiment utilized subjects in a ‘real’ training setting. The effects of previous experience with software were strong. There is some evidence to suggest that applications‐based training is best for novices.