Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Invisible Women: What's Wrong with Women's Prisons

More and more women are being sent to prison - 1998 saw the biggest increase since World War II. Though the media focuses on high profile prisoners, most women become "invisible" as soon as they pass through the prison gates and are subsumed into a world that is predominantly male and insensitive to their quite different needs. In this book, the author recreates the realities of prison life for women at the end of the 20th century, lifting the lid on women's prisons. The author spent five years visiting twelve of the 16 prisons that take women, interviewing female prisoners and, more unusually, those whose job it is to care for them - prison officers, education, probation and healthcare staff, chaplains and counselors.In a book that is deliberately accessible to the general reader as well as to the prison professional, she vividly recreates the realities of prison life for a woman at the end of the twentieth century, as conditions worsen with overcrowding, staff shortages and expenditure cuts. Some of Devlin's findings will shock as well as inform: she describes the over-use of medication as a means of control; the violence resulting from drug misuse; the plight of ethnic minority and foreign national women, and the self-mutilation and suicide attempts of female prisoners in desperate need of help. "Invisible Women" is a comprehensive and graphic update on the current state of women's prisons in England and Wales. It enables readers - especially people who have never set foot inside a prison - to 'see' the invisible women behind the bars. Since the book's publication in 1998, it has become something of a classic and is required or recommended reading on many college and practitioner courses.
Design and Analysis of a Clutched Parallel Elastic Actuator

Various actuator topologies are discussed for the purpose of powering periodic processes and particularly walking robots. The Clutched Parallel Elastic Actuator (CPEA) is proposed to reduce the energy consumption of active exoskeletons. A nonlinear model of the CPEA is presented in addition to the mechanical design. The CPEA prototype is operated with a passive load on the walking trajectory of the hip joint. The actuator is controlled with a cascaded position control and a superimposed Iterative Learning Controller (ILC). The controller was chosen to ensure comparability between active and deactivated spring operation. The application of the CPEA has the potential to increase efficiency in the design of exoskeletons.
Understanding the effect of a participatory intervention with women's groups to improve maternal and neonatal health in rural Nepal

Background: Rigorous evaluation of community based interventions is necessary to build the evidence base for maternal and child survival in developing countries. Randomised controlled trials may be the most reliable method of determining effectiveness of interventions, but they are unable to evaluate the impact of context and implementation, and explain how an outcome occurred. This thesis explores the outcome of a cluster randomised controlled trial using women’s groups in Nepal. Intervention areas experienced a 30% reduction in neonatal mortality, and increases in good care behaviours. I describe how communities experienced the intervention and explore how the implementation process and community context affected the community response. Methods: I used qualitative research methods, purposefully sampling stakeholders from two intervention areas, and one control area. Photoelicitation was used, and research assistants conducted semi-structured interviews, group interviews, focus group discussions, and observations. Data were tape recorded, transcribed and translated into English. Data were analysed using framework and NVIVO qualitative analysis software. Data were also fed back to respondents to increase validity. Results: Themes emerging from the data revealed a lack of trust in local health facilities, plurality in care seeking during illness, and a positive attitude towards working with non governmental organisations. Women’s groups created a learning forum for group members, and this knowledge was disseminated in communities. Strategies to address problems were of particular significance in enabling dissemination of information and enabling community participation. The intervention increased social networks and built community capacity. Discussion: The effect of context on the intervention is considered in order to assess the generalisability of the intervention. Potential mechanisms of effect are also discussed which help to explain the trial outcome. This thesis supports calls for the integration of concurrent process evaluations within randomised controlled trials, and contributes to the evidence for community-based interventions for maternal and newborn survival.
Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Anak Usia Toddler (1-3 Tahun) dengan Riwayat Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah

Latar Belakang : Bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR) memiliki risiko untuk mengalami hambatan pertumbuhandan perkembangan dalam hidupnya. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak usia toddler (1-3 tahun)dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktorjenis kelamin, status gizi anak, status ekonomi keluarga, pendidikan orang tua, serta stimulasi orang tuaterhadap tingkat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak usia toddler (1-3 tahun) dengan riwayat BBLR.Metode : Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan crosssectional melalui uji Chi Square dan Colmogorov Smirnov.Hasil Penelitian : Didapatkan 35 anak dengan jenis kelamin perempuan 65,7%, status gizi kurang 57,1%,status ekonomi keluarga rendah 51,4%, tingkat pendidikan orang tua rendah 57,1%, dan stimulasi orang tuakurang 51,4%. Faktor status gizi (p value =0,000, α = 0,05), status ekonomi keluarga (p value = 0,000, α =0,05), pendidikan orang tua (p value = 0,003, α = 0,05), dan stimulasi orang tua (p value = 0,000, α = 0,05)memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap tingkat pertumbuhan anak. Adapun faktor yang memiliki hubungansignifikan terhadap tingkat perkembangan anak adalah faktor pendidikan orang tua (p value = 0,009, α =0,05) dan stimulasi orang tua (p value = 0,000, α = 0,05). Kesimpulan : Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kepada tenaga kesehatan agar memberikan pendidikankesehatan secara kontinyu kepada pihak keluarga tentang dampak dan cara mencegah komplikasi yangdisebabkan oleh kelahiran BBLR.Kata Kunci : Faktor Risiko, Pertumbuhan, Perkembangan, Usia Toddler, BBLR
Physical Aspects of Brachytherapy

This book provides an overview of brachytherapy practice, the sources available, an insight into the associated dosimetry and a practical guide to the use of dosage systems together with consideration of safety aspects in clinical situations. It is a practical teaching text for those working and one which provides a useful starting point for readers seeking to understand clinical brachytherapy and the associated dosimetry. For medical physicists, junior registrars in departments of radiotherapy and oncology and radiotherapy radiographers. A good introduction to the subject. Contains extensive references.
Emergency Department Treatment of the Psychiatric Patient: Policy Issues and Legal Requirements

1. Introduction 2. Overview of Emergency Services for People with Psychiatric Disabilities 3. Patients' Problems in Emergency Department Care 4. Professional Issues in Emergency Department Care 5. Legal Rights and Standards in Emergency Department Treatment of People with Psychiatric Disabilities 6. Solutions to Problems in Emergency Department Treatment of People with Psychiatric Disabilities 7. Conclusion Appendix A: Emergency Department Treatment of People with Psychiatric Disabilities: Findings and Proposed Standards
Study of adequacy of informed consent in caesarean section in a tertiary care, teaching and research institute of Northern India

Background: Informed consent consists of availing information to the patient in an understandable manner without coercion to allow the patient to make an informed decision about their healthcare. In the case of caesarean section, information must include name, nature, proposed benefits of the procedure, risks of the procedure, alternative procedures, implications on the future reproductive health and anesthetic options. Aim and objective: To study the adequacy of informed consent in patients who undergo caesarean section at PT. B. D. Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak. Methods: It was a cross sectional study. The study population was the group of patients who underwent emergency or elective caesarean section at PGIMS, Rohtak. A pretested questionnaire was adopted from a study carried out at School of Medicine, University of Zambia and was administered to the patients. Results: It was found that majority of the patients were in the age group of 21-30 years and most of them (71%) were from the rural areas. In 90% of the cases the outcome of caesarean section was term live births and majority of them (84%) were emergency caesarean section. The patients were asked fourteen questions regarding various aspects of informed consent based on the five point Likert scale. Conclusions: Majority of the caesarean sections were performed due to some emergency indications. It was found that overall patients were well informed about the procedure and the related consequences.
The Idiosyncratic Risk in Chinese Stock Market

Using daily stock return data of all listed firms in Chinese stock market from 1998 to 2018, we disaggregate the volatility of common stocks at the market, industry and firm levels. We find market volatility, on average, is the highest while firm volatility tends to lead to market and industry volatility series. None long-term trend time series behaviour exists for all three volatility series and firm volatility is best described by an autoregressive process with regime shifts associated with the structural market reforms or volatile market movements. We further proceed to identify the source of volatility at the industry level and find the idiosyncratic volatility in the largest manufacturing industry not only accounts for the largest proportion in the aggregate firm volatility but also is the lead indicator for the idiosyncratic volatility of other industries. Finally, unlike Brandt et. al. [Review of Financial Studies 23(2): 863-899 (2010)], we find the idiosyncratic volatility in Chinese stock market is associated with high stock trading activities by institutional investors, the result of which is also robust when using other measures of idiosyncratic volatility.
Core Values as the Basis for Teacher Education for Inclusion

Teacher education issues are high on the policy agenda across Europe. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (2006) is gaining momentum and providing a lever for change. Article 24 covers many aspects of education and the UN Handbook for Parliamentarians on the Convention argues that inclusive education not only provides the best educational environment for learners with disabilities, but also helps break down barriers and challenge stereotypes. This paper outlines the current policy agenda for Teacher Education for Inclusion in Europe and considers the core values necessary for teachers to work effectively in inclusive education. The paper draws upon the European Agency for Development in Special Needs Education project on Teacher Education for Inclusion (TE4I - http://www.european-agency.org/agency-projects/Teacher-Education-for-Inclusion) and on evidence gathered from discussions with over 450 European stakeholders in education ΓCo policy makers, school leaders, teachers, support staff, parents and learners. These stakeholders, over a series of 14 country study visits, highlighted the importance of the core values as the foundation for all teachers working in inclusive education. Within the Agency project a framework of core values was developed. These core values for inclusive education were linked with essential areas of teacher competence. The process of verification used to validate a final framework of core values and areas of competence at the European level is described in this paper.
NEW VARIATION OF INDONESIAN HUMOR USING LANGUAGE EXPERIENCE

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan variasi baru humor Indonesia menggunakan pengalaman bahasa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode mendengarkan dengan menggunakan teknik dasar sadap - catat. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode referensi penyamaan dengan menggunakan teknik perbandingan untuk mendukung kodifikasi, reduksi, presentasi, dan interpretasi seperti desain kerja penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah video dan meme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komedian menggunakan 8 strategi dalam bahan humornya, yaitu: (1) mengeksploitasi kebenaran umum yang sudah diketahui orang; (2) mengubah konstituen dengan pengalaman bahasanya; (3) sengaja menempatkan kata ganti yang salah; (4) menyampaikan sesuatu yang tidak lengkap; (5) mengalihkan berbagai bahasa; (6) memberikan respons yang tidak terkait sama sekali; (7) mengeksploitasi celah bahasa untuk mendistorsi maknanya; (8) menyampaikan sesuatu yang tidak wajar, absurd, bahkan terkesan kontroversi.
Who enters, where and why? The influence of capabilities and initial resource endowments on the location choices of de novo enterprises

Some geographical locations have characteristics that create opportunities for de novo enterprises, but not all new firms can access the benefits presented by a potential location. The ability of new firms to appropriate benefit and avoid risk depends on the resources that entrepreneurs can marshal for their enterprise. This article develops a model of the interplay between the attributes of de novo entrants and their founding locations. The model assumes that de novo entrants tend to appear in the region where their founders live, but that founders choose among locations within their regions.The test of the model, using data on all de novo entrants in the Canadian manufacturing sector during 1984—98, reveals that entrants with greater resource and capability endowments are more likely to locate in areas with an agglomeration of similar firms, but this effect reverses at high endowment levels. Additionally, larger entrants are less likely to locate in areas characterized by intense local competition and potential entry deterrence, while smaller and well-endowed entrants tend to locate in areas where entry barriers are lower and asset turnover higher. These findings suggest that entrants choose locations strategically within their founding regions.They also indicate that the strategic imperatives of de novo entrants differ significantly from those of geographically diversifying firms, and thus suggest amendments to theories of location choice when modeling the decisions of new ventures.
Exercise therapy : prevention and treatment of disease

Section 1:. Ch1. Introduction.Ch2. Cardiovascular responses to exercise.Ch3. Exercise and the pulmonary system.Ch4. Exercise and the musculoskeletal system.Ch5. Exercise in diabetes and obesity.Ch6. Measurement of physical fitness and habitual physical activity.Section 2:. Ch7. Guidelines for exercise prescription.Ch8. Exercise in prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.Ch9. Exercise in the treatment of respiratory disease.Ch10. Exercise in the treatment of musculoskeletal disease.Ch11. Exercise as part of the multidisciplinary management of adults and children with obesity.Ch12. Exercise in the treatment of stroke and other neurological conditions.Ch13. Adherence to exercise.Ch14. Promoting physical activity: building sustainable interventions
Khan's The Physics of Radiation Therapy

Expand your understanding of the physics and practical clinical applications of advanced radiation therapy technologies with Khan's The Physics of Radiation Therapy, 5th edition, the book that set the standard in the field. This classic full-color text helps the entire radiation therapy team-radiation oncologists, medical physicists, dosimetrists, and radiation therapists-develop a thorough understanding of 3D conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT), stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), high dose-rate remote afterloaders (HDR), intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT), Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT), and proton beam therapy, as well as the physical concepts underlying treatment planning, treatment delivery, and dosimetry. In preparing this new Fifth Edition, Dr. Kahn and new co-author Dr. John Gibbons made chapter-by-chapter revisions in the light of the latest developments in the field, adding new discussions, a new chapter, and new color illustrations throughout. Now even more precise and relevant, this edition is ideal as a reference book for practitioners, a textbook for students, and a constant companion for those preparing for their board exams. Features: stay on top of the latest advances in the field with new sections and/or discussions of Image Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT), Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT), and the Failure Mode Event Analysis (FMEA) approach to quality assurance; deepen your knowledge of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) through a completely new chapter that covers SBRT in greater detail; expand your visual understanding with new full color illustrations that reflect current practice and depict new procedures; and access the authoritative information you need fast through the new companion website which features fully searchable text and an image bank for greater convenience in studying and teaching.
Analysis on Electromagnetic Field of Continuous Casting Mold Including a New Integral Method for Calculating Electromagnetic Torque

Based on the Maxwell’s equations, a finite element model is established to study the characteristics of electromagnetic field in the mold of billet and bloom continuous casting with electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS). A novel integral method for calculating electromagnetic torque is proposed to evaluate the stirring intensity of stirrer. In order to verify the accuracy of the model, a well-designed electromagnetic torque detecting device is fabricated. The predicted value of electromagnetic torque and magnetic flux density are consistent with the measured data. The optimum frequency is determined by the maximal electromagnetic torque of the strand. The effect of stirring current intensity and different stirrer positions along the length of mold on the electromagnetic field has been studied numerically. The results show that the optimum frequency is smaller when the copper tube of the mold is thicker and the section size is bigger. Besides, the electromagnetic torque of the strand is a quadratic function of the running current intensity. Moreover, the installation position of stirrer strongly affects the prediction of electromagnetic field distribution, further influencing the optimum frequency and the electromagnetic torque of strand.
Quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Chitwan, Nepal: a pilot study report

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and has a significant impact on an individual’s quality of life. Objective: To assess the quality of life of patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Chitwan, Nepal. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in a private hospital among 40 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Data were collected from August 6, 2014, to August 7, 2014, using a pretested instrument (α = 0.954) with 56 items answered on five-point rating scales. The total score varied from 0 (worst) to 100 (best). The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: The mean score of the total quality of life was 54.97 ± 13.83, while 47.80 ± 16.66 was for physical, 59.26 ± 12.69 for social, and 59.51 ± 15.17 for psychological domains, which showed a higher impairment on physical health. In subscales, the mean score of quality of life was higher on social support (67.34 ± 12.30), whereas lower on symptoms (45.76 ± 19.09) and activities (48.44 ± 18.0 for social and 49.32 ± 16.84 for physical). The quality of life was significantly higher among the patients aged 60–69 years, literate, absence of comorbidity, absence of hospital admission, and not on regular medicine, whereas the quality of life was not associated with sex, marital status, residence, income, duration of diagnosis, and smoking status. Conclusion: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have an impaired quality of life on physical health compared with psychological and social health because of frequent symptoms and limitations on physical activities. Hence, physical health and factors affecting the quality of life need to be considered while planning interventions to improve the quality of life of patients.
Local infiltration of Vitamin D3 does not accelerate orthodontic tooth movement in humans: A preliminary study.

Objective: To determine the effect of Vitamin D3 on the rate and amount of orthodontic tooth movement in humans when injected locally at the site. Materials and Methods: A prospective, split-mouth clinical trial was carried out on 15 subjects who were referred for bilateral therapeutic extraction of the first premolars followed by canine retraction in the maxillary arch. Vitamin D3 in a vehicle of local anesthetic solution was injected into the buccal vestibule immediately distal to the canine to be retracted on the experimental side; on the contralateral side, only local anesthetic solution as control was injected into the correspnding site on the 7th, 21st, and 47th days of canine retraction. The amount of canine retraction was assessed using the palatal rugae as stable landmarks, and the values obtained were compared using preand postcanine retraction occlusograms. Results: The experimental teeth whose gingivae had received injections containing Vitamin D3 had moved considerably less than had the matched control teeth (P , .001). Conclusions: Localized injection of vitamin D3 produces a significantly decreased rate and amount of tooth movement in humans. (Angle Orthod. 0000;00:000–000.)
Glomerular dysfunction and associated risk factors through four years following initiation of ART in adults with HIV Infection in Africa in the DART trial

n=16 0.5% (0.3-0.8%) n=93 2.9% (2.3-3.5%) n=162 5.0% (4.3-5.8%) n=94 2.9% (2.4-3.5%) n=20 0.6% (0.4-1.0%) n=30 0.9% (0.7-1.3%) 0.8% (0.5-1.2%) 0.2% (0-1.3%) 0 p=0.11 1.0% (0.7-1.5%) 1.0% (0.4-2.3%) 0 p=0.23 By tenofovir DF † : never taken TDF on TDF now or previously 0 0.6% (0.4-1.0%) 0.6% (0.2-1.7%) 1.0% (0.7-1.5%) 0.3% (0.1-0.7%) 0.7% (0.4-1.2%) p=0.13 2.3% (1.7-3.1%) 3.4% (2.7-4.5%) p=0.05 5.0% (4.0-6.2%) 5.0% (4.0-6.2%) p=0.99 2.7% (2.0-3.6%) 3.1% (2.3-4.1%) p=0.54 0.7% (0.4-1.2%) 0.6% (0.3-1.1%) p=0.65 0.8% (0.5-1.4%) 1.1% (0.7-1.7%) p=0.47 Cumulative incidence of renal outcomes and fractures