Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beneficial effects of alpha lipoic acid on cerulein-induced experimental acute pancreatitis in rats.

BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine the effects of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) on blood and tissue biochemical parameters, as well as tissue histopathology, in an experimental rat model of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP). METHODS Three groups consisting of eight rats each were used, as follows: Group 1, controls; Group 2, cerulein-induced pancreatitis group treated with saline; and Group 3, cerulein-induced pancreatitis group treated with ALA. AP was induced by intraperitoneal administration of cerulein (20 µg/kg) 4 times at 1-hour intervals. The animals were decapitated 12 hours after the last dose of cerulein. Blood amylase, lipase, interleukin (IL)-1ß, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels, pancreas tissue glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as myeloperoxidase (MPO) and Na+-K+-ATPase activity were measured. Pancreatic tissue samples were also evaluated histopathologically under a light microscope. RESULTS While plasma amylase, lipase, IL-1ß, and TNF-α levels, and tissue MDA and MPO levels significantly increased in rats with cerulean-induced AP, tissue GSH and Na+-K+-ATPase activity significantly reduced. These changes were reversed and improved with ALA treatment. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that ALA may significantly reduce morbidity and mortality by preventing organ dysfunction induced by free radicals in the pancreas.
The effect of Smart Care ubiquitous health service on hypertension management

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of the Smart Care ubiquitous healthcare service on hypertension management. Fifty one patients with inadequately controlled blood pressure (Systolic Blood Pressure 140 mmHg despite prescribed antihypertensive medication) from 4 local clinics participated in this study. Remote biometric monitoring and healthcare consultation via videophone was provided to the participants during 24 week - Smart Care service. The average number of blood pressure monitoring and the average day of remote consult using Smart Care Service system was 121 and 14.8 per participant. As a result of analyzing change in blood pressure during 24 weeks, there was a significant difference in blood pressure between baseline and 24 weeks. Systolic blood pressures of 86.3% participants were dropped within a normal range at 24 week. Smart Care u-health service could be effective in reducing blood pressure.
General Public Knowledge, Source of Knowledge and Practice towards Antibiotics in the State of Penang, Malaysia

Objectives : This study aims to investigate the general public knowledge, source of knowledge, and practice towards antibiotics in the state of Penang Malaysia. Methods : A cross sectional study design using convenience sampling technique was adopted in this study from May 2010 until August 2010. A pre-validated questionnaire was developed and distributed to 700 participants in the state of Penang, Malaysia. All data was analysed using SPSS version 16. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results : 85.6% of our respondents could correctly identify that antibiotics are used for bacterial infections whereas almost 58% believed that antibiotics are used for viral infections. Physicians and pharmacists were the main sources of knowledge about antibiotics. While around 30% of our respondents rely on the internet, family members and friends as their sources of information about antibiotics. Malpractice regarding antibiotics use was found in a high proportion of our respondents where many use antibiotics without prescription, prescribe the leftover antibiotics to their friends and family members while others modify the antibiotics dose without referring to healthcare professional and others stop the antibiotics course once they feel that their symptoms improve. Conclusion : Malpractice regarding antibiotics was found in a great proportion of our respondents which might be due to the irrational prescription of antibiotics by healthcare professionals as well as due to the misleading sources of knowledge about antibiotics. There is a need for a national awareness program to the public and healthcare professionals about antibiotics and about the approaches to improve the current practice.
Korelasi Pola Asuh Orangtua Terhadap Self-Esteem Remaja Sekolah Lanjutan Tingkat Pertama Harapan Denpasar

Latar belakang. Masa remaja merupakan masa transisi kompleks ditandai perubahan fisik, emosi serta meningkatnya pengaruh teman kelompok. Masa remaja penting pada pembentukan self-esteem yang merupakan kebutuhan dasar manusia berupa kemampuan menilai dirinya serta keyakinan diri mengatasi tantangan, ambisinya dan menikmati usahanya. Remaja dengan self-esteem baik melihat dirinya berharga, optimis, peka lingkungan serta jauh dari tindakan agresif. Remaja dengan self-esteem rendah memiliki persepsi buruk, merasa tidak berharga, tidak berdaya, menghindari tugas untuk melindungi dirinya, serta menghindari bantuan sekitarnya sehingga berisiko depresi, penurunan prestasi akademik, bunuh diri dan kriminalitas. Pola asuh yang tepat akan membentuk self-esteem yang baik sehingga remaja mampu bersosialisasi dan mengembangkan potensinya. Tujuan. Mengetahui besar korelasi pola asuh orangtua dengan self-esteem remaja.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik potong lintang pada 144 remaja kelas 7 dengan metode purposive sampling di SLTP Harapan Denpasar menggunakan kuesioner Rosenberg dan Kuesioner Pola Asuh Anak.Hasil. Pola asuh demokrasi ayah berkorelasi lemah dengan self-esteem remaja sebaliknya pola asuh demokrasi ibu berkorelasi sedang dengan self-esteem remaja (r=0,434). Semakin demokratis pola asuh ibu maka semakin baik self-esteem remaja. Kesimpulan. Pola asuh demokratis ibu berkorelasi dengan self-esteem remaja.
Graph Convolution over Multiple Dependency Sub-graphs for Relation Extraction

We propose a contextualised graph convolution network over multiple dependency-based sub-graphs for relation extraction. A novel method to construct multiple sub-graphs using words in shortest dependency path and words linked to entities in the dependency parse is proposed. Graph convolution operation is performed over the resulting multiple sub-graphs to obtain more informative features useful for relation extraction. Our experimental results show that the proposed method achieves superior performance over the existing GCN-based models achieving state-of-the-art performance on cross-sentence n-ary relation extraction dataset and SemEval 2010 Task 8 sentence-level relation extraction dataset. Our model also achieves a comparable performance to the SoTA on the TACRED dataset.
Optimal refraction with monofocal intraocular lenses: no beneficial effect of astigmatism: author’s reply

Editor, I t is encouraging that Harris (2011) – employing an entirely different approach – reached the same conclusion as Naeser & Hjortdal (2011), namely that a slight myopia without astigmatism is an optimal pseudophakic refraction. Harris has actually improved our theory by his use of exact, rather than numerical integration. In Harris¢ equation (12), the optimal refraction for any fixation range is described as the vergence of the arithmetic mean in the fixation range. This means that optimal refractions for any fixation interval are easily calculated. For example, for a patient mostly interested in reading at 33 cm and watching television at 2.67 m, the optimal refraction is: 2 ⁄ ()2.67 ) 0.33) = )0.66 D. As correctly stated by Harris, the described defocus model will yield a target correction of emmetropia for a distant fixation range approaching infinity. In theoretical optics, distances of infinity and close to zero may give problems. However, in clinical optics, we are used to solve theoretical problems in a pragmatic manner. In clinical refraction, incident light from ‘infinity’ is tested with acuity cards in distances of 4–6 m, and near visual acuity is tested in 25– 33 cm. Our group is currently developing a more generalized expression for binocular defocus. This study aims to optimize the distribution of refractions in binocular pseudophakia and following presbyopic corneal laser ablations.
Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in lung transplant candidates with advanced lung disease.

OBJECTIVE To assess the esophageal function profile and the prevalence of gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) in lung transplant candidates. METHODS From July of 2005 to November of 2006, a prospective study was conducted involving 55 candidates for lung transplantation at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Prior to transplantation, patients underwent outpatient stationary esophageal manometry and 24-h esophageal pH-metry using one and two electrodes. RESULTS Abnormal esophageal manometry was documented in 80% of the patients, and 24% of the patients presented pathological acid reflux. Digestive symptoms presented sensitivity and specificity for GER of 50% and 61%, respectively. Of the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 94% presented abnormal esophageal manometry, and 80% presented lower esophageal sphincter hypotonia, making it the most common finding. Patients with bronchiectasis presented the highest prevalence of GER (50%). CONCLUSIONS In patients with advanced lung disease, GER is highly prevalent. In the population studied, digestive symptoms of GER were not predictive of pathological acid reflux. The role that GER plays in chronic rejection should be examined and clarified in future studies.
Percepção de mães sobre o cuidado domiciliar prestado ao bebê nascido com baixo peso

El objectivo de este estudio fue identificar las dificultades percibidas por las madres en el cuidado de los bebes de bajo peso y conocer los recursos utilizados frente a las ocurrencias en la salud. Estudio de caracter cualitativo, desarrollado junto a seis madres que vivem en Maringa, PR, Brasil. Los datos fueron recogidos en el periodo de febrero hasta septiembre de 2008, en cuatro visitas domiciliares, por medio de entrevistas semi-estructuradas y observacion no sistematizada. Las madres vivenciaron dificultades relacionadas a los profesionales, servicios de salud, caracteristicas del bebe, condiciones financieras, alteraciones en la rutina familiar y vuelta al trabajo. En el enfrentamiento de las ocurrencias utilizaron medios propios o la atencion medica. Se concluy que la madre y la familia necesitan de acompanamiento y apoyo profesional para mejor cuidar del bebe con bajo peso en el domicilio
Application of Machine Learning to Biometric Systems- A Survey

A summary of existing work on the use of machine learning and deep learning methods in biometrics is presented here. Biometrics traits covered include physiological (image, voice) as well as behavioral (gait, signature) features. This study shows that machine learning has a high potential to improve the performance of biometrics systems due to ML’s ability to mine, search and analyze big sets of data, performing matching tasks more quickly and reliably than the conventional methods. At the end some key challenges in use of adopting ML in biometrics systems are pointed out.
Austin-moore hemiarthroplasty; the Enugu experience.

BACKGROUND Femoral neck fracture is the commonest fracture among the elderly who frequently have co-morbid medical conditions. It commonly follows trivial falls at home. Prosthetic replacement with Austin Moore prothesis is one of the treatment options open to Orthopaedic Surgeons in this age group who need to be mobilised as early as possible to prevent the complications of prolonged immobilization. This study shows our experience with Austin Moore hemiarthroplasty [AMH] as a treatment option for femoral neck fractures over a 10 year period. METHOD Hospital records of 46 out of 59 patients who had AMH in NOHE between 1995-2004 (10 year period) were reviewed retrospectively. The 13 patients who had incomplete records were excluded. RESULTS The age range of the patients was 26-99 yrs with 67:2 yrs as the mean. There was a slight female to male preponderance [F:M = 1.1:1]. Most of the patients clustered between 61 and 80yrs. Majority presented late [76%], with only 2 patients presenting within 24hrs of injury. Fracture neck of femur was the commonest indication for AMH [89.1%] with domestic falls and RTA having 54.3% & 32% respectively as aetiological factors. Hypertension was the most prevalent co morbid medical condition [76%]. Majority of the patients had preoperative traction, 58% (skin: 32.6%, skeletal 26.1%) while general anaethesia was used in 63% of patients. Blood transfusion was common; 87.1. 58.7% of patients were mobilized within 2-3 wks of operation while 26.9% were delayed for more than 3 wks. 2 patients [4.3%] died while on admission. 76.1% were mobilized initially on Zimmer frames, 13.0% on crutches, 6.5% on wheel chair. 80% were able to walk with walking stick[cane] in 6 weeks while 87% achieved this in 12 weeks. Follow up time of patients was poor as patients default frequently after few visits. Wound infection was the commonest complication 26.1%, mostly treated by dressing and antibiotics. 13.0% were hospitalized for 2-3 weeks, 36%-4-6 wks while 50% stayed beyond 6 wks. Mortality rate was 4.3% [2].
RANCC: Rationalizing Neural Networks via Concept Clustering

We propose a new self-explainable model for Natural Language Processing (NLP) text classification tasks. Our approach constructs explanations concurrently with the formulation of classification predictions. To do so, we extract a rationale from the text, then use it to predict a concept of interest as the final prediction. We provide three types of explanations: 1) rationale extraction, 2) a measure of feature importance, and 3) clustering of concepts. In addition, we show how our model can be compressed without applying complicated compression techniques. We experimentally demonstrate our explainability approach on a number of well-known text classification datasets.
Adjuvant Treatment of Melanoma

Melanomas represent 4% of all malignant tumors of the skin, yet account for 80% of deaths from skin cancer.While in the early stages patients can be successfully treated with surgical resection, metastatic melanoma prognosis is dismal. Several oncogenes have been identified in melanoma as BRAF, NRAS, c-Kit, and GNA11 GNAQ, each capable of activating MAPK pathway that increases cell proliferation and promotes angiogenesis, although NRAS and c-Kit also activate PI3 kinase pathway, including being more commonly BRAF activated oncogene. The treatment of choice for localised primary cutaneous melanoma is surgery plus lymphadenectomy if regional lymph nodes are involved. The justification for treatment in addition to surgery is based on the poor prognosis for high risk melanomas with a relapse index of 50–80%. Patients included in the high risk group should be assessed for adjuvant treatment with high doses of Interferon-α2b, as it is the only treatment shown to significantly improve disease free and possibly global survival. In the future we will have to analyze all these therapeutic possibilities on specific targets, probably associated with chemotherapy and/or interferon in the adjuvant treatment, if we want to change the natural history of melanomas.
Alcohol and the Adolescent Brain

Many people begin to drink alcohol during adolescence and young adulthood. Alcohol consumption during this developmental period may have profound effects on brain structure and function. Heavy drinking has been shown to affect the neuropsychological performance (e.g., memory functions) of young people and may impair the growth and integrity of certain brain structures. Furthermore, alcohol consumption during adolescence may alter measures of brain functioning, such as blood flow in certain brain regions and electrical brain activities. Not all adolescents and young adults are equally sensitive to the effects of alcohol consumption, however. Moderating factors—such as family history of alcohol and other drug use disorders, gender, age at onset of drinking, drinking patterns, use of other drugs, and co-occurring psychiatric disorders—may influence the extent to which alcohol consumption interferes with an adolescent’s normal brain development and functioning.
The Struggle of Islam in Modern Indonesia

With deep interest I have followed the Indonesian people's fight for freedom and independence from 1945 onwards. This interest has come to be centred in particular on the question of how religions, especially Islam, were involved in this struggle, and what role they would fulfil in the new Indonesia. After having lived and worked in Indonesia from 1946 to the end of 1959, I was twice more enabled to yisit I ndonesia thanks to grants from the Netherlands Foundation for the Advancement of Tropical Research (WOTRO). It was during these sojourns in particular, from May to October 1966 and from February to July 1969, that the material for this study was collected, supplemented and checked. For the help I received during these visits I am greatly indebted to so many Indonesian informants that it is impossible to mention them all. Moreover, some of them would not appreciate being singled out by name. But while offering them these general thanks I am thinking of them all individually. In spite of all the help given and patience shown me, this publication is bound to be full of shortcomings. An older Muslim friend, however, once encouraged me by reminding me that perfection belongs only to God (al-kamal li'llah). Nevertheless, I should like to offer my apologies for errors and mistakes; I would appreciate it if readers drew my attention to them.
Cell blocks for subtyping and molecular studies in non‐small cell lung carcinoma

tion end abruptly with an outer layer of ovoid nuclei (Figure 1b). This is probably related to the presence of neoplastic clusters in a fluid (washing specimens) or, in the case of papillary renal cell carcinoma, FNA-induced detachment of blunt end papillae. From our study, we conclude that cellular swirls are a useful diagnostic aid when evaluating renal epithelial tumours. In this context, their presence either as true cellular swirls or swirl-like spherules is characteristic of papillary renal cell carcinoma and must be considered as a useful diagnostic criterion. True cellular swirls may be seen in other papillary carcinomas in addition to PTC. This information must be considered when evaluating metastases from an unknown primary carcinoma.
Pegylated IFN-α-2a and ribavirin in the treatment of hepatitis C infection in children

The epidemiology, natural history and efficacy of treatment for chronic hepatitis C in children are presented. An increase in the number of vertical infections of this etiology is suggested. In children, especially in those vertically infected, spontaneous elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is observed more often than it is in adults. The most common HCV genotype detected in children is genotype 1, but Italian researchers have described an increase of infection with genotypes 3 and 4 HCV in children in recent years. In the context of recent opinions suggesting a more rapid progression of HCV 3 genotype infection, treatment of these children should begin immediately. The high efficacy (sustained viral response > 50%), safety (few adverse events with less intensity as compared to adults) and good tolerance of therapy with pegylated IFN α-2a and ribavirin have been revealed in children. The differences in the efficacy and tolerability of HCV treatment between children and adults are described. A recommendation for inclusion and monitoring parameters of children’s physical and mental development during HCV treatment is presented. Regarding new anti-HCV therapies with very high efficacy, including IFN-free treatment, the introduction of these therapies to children is recommended.
Supramalleolar tibial osteotomy for haemophilic arthropathy of the ankle

We report the results of supramalleolar varus osteotomy on seven ankles (in six patients) for haemophilic arthropathy and secondary valgus deformity. The operation reduced pain and the frequency of intra-articular bleeding while preserving joint function for a mean of nine years. The procedure is an attractive alternative to the more commonly used surgical option of arthrodesis.
Normalized Non-Negative Sparse Encoder for Fast Image Representation

Image representation based on sparse coding generalizes the bag of words model. Although it reduces the reconstruction error for local features to achieve the state-of-the-art image classification performance, the large computational cost hinders the application of sparse coding-based image features. In this paper, we propose approximating a sparse code using the output of a simple neural network. The resulting parameter learning model for the neural network automatically incorporates non-negative and shift-invariant constraints, leading to an efficient normalized non-negative sparse coding (N3SC) sparse encoder. Without the use of the traditional iterative process to solve the sparse coding objective, the sparse encoder directly “converts” each local feature into a sparse code. We also introduce a method for training the encoder based on the auto-encoder method. In addition, we formally propose the corresponding sparse coding scheme called N3SC, which enforces both the non-negative constraint and the shift-invariant constraint in addition to the traditional sparse coding criteria. As demonstrated by several experiments, the obtained N3SC encoder requires only 3%–10% of the processing time for image feature extraction compared with the standard sparse coding scheme. At the same time, the features extracted using the exact solutions of the N3SC coding scheme and the N3SC encoder offer superior image classification accuracy compared to the accuracy of many existing sparse coding-based representations.
Constant-time foundations for the new spectre era

The constant-time discipline is a software-based countermeasure used for protecting high assurance cryptographic implementations against timing side-channel attacks. Constant-time is effective (it protects against many known attacks), rigorous (it can be formalized using program semantics), and amenable to automated verification. Yet, the advent of micro-architectural attacks makes constant-time as it exists today far less useful. This paper lays foundations for constant-time programming in the presence of speculative and out-of-order execution. We present an operational semantics and a formal definition of constant-time programs in this extended setting. Our semantics eschews formalization of microarchitectural features (that are instead assumed under adversary control), and yields a notion of constant-time that retains the elegance and tractability of the usual notion. We demonstrate the relevance of our semantics in two ways: First, by contrasting existing Spectre-like attacks with our definition of constant-time. Second, by implementing a static analysis tool, Pitchfork, which detects violations of our extended constant-time property in real world cryptographic libraries.