Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decision tree based control chart pattern recognition

This paper presents a new approach to classify six anomaly types of control chart patterns (CCP), of systematic pattern, cyclic pattern, upward shift, downward shift, upward trend, and downward trend. Current CCP recognition methods use either unprocessed raw data or complex transformed features (via principal component analysis or discrete wavelet transform) as the input representation for the classifier. The objective of using selected features is not only for dimension reduction of input representation, but also implies the process of data compression. In contrast, using raw data is often computationally inefficient while using transformed features is very tedious in most cases. Therefore, owing to its computational advantage, using appropriate features of CCP to achieve good classification accuracy becomes more promising in real process implementation. In this study, using three features of CCP shows quite a competitive performance in terms of classification accuracy and computational loading. More importantly, the proposed method presented here has potential to be generalized to medical, financial, and other application of temporal data.
Salvianolic acid B Relieves Oxidative Stress in Glucose Absorption and Utilization of Mice Fed High-Sugar Diet

Purpose : To evaluate the influence of Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) on oxidative stress in mice administrated with glucose, sucrose and high-sugar diet. Methods : 40 Kunming mice were divided into four groups of 10. After a fast of 12 h, mice were treated by oral infusion respectively with physiological saline, 20 % glucose, 20 % sucrose, and 20 % glucose + 0.002 % Sal B. Blood glucose and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 h after administration. Another 3 groups of 10 Kunming mice each were fed with normal diet, high-sugar diet (20 % sucrose, HSD) and HSD + 0.002 % Sal B. Four weeks later, the levels of ROS as well as antioxidant enzyme activity were determined. Results : Blood ROS showed the first peak at 0.5 h and a higher peak at 1.5 h after high glucose administration. ROS were mainly produced in liver and pancreas with the utilization of glucose. Sal B administration prevented increase in blood glucose and significantly (p < 0.05) reduced ROS produced in the process of glucose absorption and utilization, especially the latter. Sal B decrease oxidative stress induced by HSD through scavenging ROS associated with increased activity of antioxidant enzymes. Conclusion : This study demonstrates that Sal B can decrease oxidative stress in glucose absorption and utilization in HSD mice. Thus, the findings provide a basis for a potential interventional strategy for protecting against oxidative damage induced by HSD. Keywords : Salvianolic acid B, Blood glucose, Reactive oxygen species, Oxidative stress, Sugar die
Boron Toxicity Tolerance in Crops: A Viable Alternative to Soil Amelioration

Research on the problems of excessive soil B has increased considerably in the past two decades, especially in the dry areas of the world such as the Mediterranean region and parts of Australia. The objectives of this review are to promote awareness of the widespread occurrence and importance of B toxicity (BT) in dry areas, and to review the availability of BT-tolerant germplasm and progress in breeding cultivars with BT tolerance. The importance of BT was not adequately recognized until the 1980s, when scientists discovered that BT caused signifi cant crop yield reductions in South Australia. We offer several reasons for this belated awareness before describing the areas reported to have high-B soils in the world and reviewing the occurrence of two contrasting types of BT symptoms. In the fi eld, BT in crops usually is more prominent after drought, indicating that both BT and drought tolerance are needed in crops for dry areas having high levels of subsoil B. The interaction of BT with salinity and the levels of other nutrients such as Zn and N are also discussed. As it is neither practical nor easy to detoxify high-B soil by agronomic means in most circumstances, selecting or breeding crop cultivars with high BT tolerance is the only practical approach to increase yields on high-B soils. Extensive surveys of germplasm in different crops have been performed, and a list of some BT-tolerant lines or cultivars is presented. Finally, we review the progress in breeding for BT tolerance, which has been achieved with varying success in several common crops. We believe that the shift from soil intervention to plant adaptation to solve an intractable crop nutrition constraint represents a new paradigm in the agronomic sciences.
Juvenile Record Use in Adult Court Proceedings: A Survey of Prosecutors.

The transition from juvenile to adult court occurs during what are probably the peak years of criminality (ages 16 through 23). Arrest statistics show that the majority of persons arrested for serious crime are in this age category. Recently completed self-report studies confirm the fact that offenders in this age category engage in more frequent and more serious criminality. ' Although young adults commit a disproportionate amount of serious crime, it appears that their chances of being arrested and convicted are lower than for an adult. One California study indicated that a juvenile is twice as likely to escape conviction . for robbery than an adult, and two and a half times as likely to escape conviction for burglary than an adult.2
CALIFA : a diameter-selected sample for an integral field spectroscopy galaxy survey

We describe and discuss the selection procedure and statistical properties of the galaxy sample used by the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) survey, a public legacy survey of 600 galaxies using integral field spectroscopy. The CALIFA "mother sample" was selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR7 photometric catalogue to include all galaxies with an r-band isophotal major axis between 45 '' and 79 : 2 '' and with a redshift 0 : 005 M-r > -23 : 1 and over a stellar mass range between 10(9.7) and 10(11.4) M-circle dot. In particular, within these ranges, the diameter selection does not lead to any significant bias against - or in favour of - intrinsically large or small galaxies. Only below luminosities of M-r = -19 (or stellar masses < 10(9.7) M-circle dot) is there a prevalence of galaxies with larger isophotal sizes, especially of nearly edge-on late-type galaxies, but such galaxies form < 10% of the full sample. We estimate volume-corrected distribution functions in luminosities and sizes and show that these are statistically fully compatible with estimates from the full SDSS when accounting for large-scale structure. For full characterization of the sample, we also present a number of value-added quantities determined for the galaxies in the CALIFA sample. These include consistent multi-band photometry based on growth curve analyses; stellar masses; distances and quantities derived from these; morphological classifications; and an overview of available multi-wavelength photometric measurements. We also explore different ways of characterizing the environments of CALIFA galaxies, finding that the sample covers environmental conditions from the field to genuine clusters. We finally consider the expected incidence of active galactic nuclei among CALIFA galaxies given the existing pre-CALIFA data, finding that the final observed CALIFA sample will contain approximately 30 Sey2 galaxies.
Is Corruption Bad for Environmental Sustainability? A Cross-National Analysis.

This paper explores the hypothesis that higher levels of corruption are detrimental to environmental sustainability. It does this by employing the Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) and its component variables and indicators as promoted by the World Economic Forum and the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) created by Transparency International (TI). Both the CPI and ESI were shown to be statistically significantly related to income (proxied as GDP/capita) such that environmental sustainability declined with decreasing income while corruption worsened. The ESI for 2002 was also divided into indicators representing pressure, state, impact and response (i.e., the PSIR framework), and each of these were regressed onto a 'residual CPI' (CPI of 2002 with the influence of income removed). The results suggest that for the most part the pressure, state and impact indicators of the ESI are not correlated with 'residual' CPI. The only statistically significant relationships with 'residual CPI' were for those of the response indicators of the ESI, although even here the R2 values were low (< 20%). Corruption was found to reduce any positive contribution from the response indicators towards environmental sustainability. However, great care needs to be taken when drawing conclusions from the sort of highly aggregated (spatially as well as mathematically) indices as the ESI and CPI.
Size effect in self-trapped exciton photoluminescence from SiO 2 -based nanoscale materials

Direct evidence for a size effect in self-trapped exciton (STE) photoluminescence (PL) from silica-based nanoscale materials as compared with bulk type-III fused silica is obtained. Two kinds of mesostructures were tested: (1) silica nanoparticle composites with primary particle size of 7 and 15 nm, (2) ordered and disordered mesoporous silicas with pore size ranging from \ensuremath{\sim}2 to \ensuremath{\sim}6 nm and wall thickness \ensuremath{\sim}1 nm. The PL was induced by the two-photon absorption of focused 6.4 eV ArF laser light with intensity $\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{6}{\mathrm{W}\mathrm{}\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}2}$ and measured in a time-resolved detection mode. Two models are applied to examine the blue shift of the STE PL (STEPL) band with decreasing size of nanometer-sized silica fragments. The first model is based on the quantum confinement effect on Mott-Wannier-type excitons developed for semiconductor nanoscale materials. However, the use of this model leads to a contradiction showing that the model is completely unusable in the case of wide-band-gap nanoscale materials (the band-gap of bulk silica ${E}_{g}\ensuremath{\cong}11\mathrm{eV}). $ In order to explain the experimental data, we propose a model that takes into account the laser heating of Frenkel-type free excitons (FE's). The heating effect is assumed to be due to the FE collisions with the boundary of nanometer-sized silica fragments in the presence of an intense laser field. According to the model, laser heating of FE's up to the temperature in excess of the activation energy required for the self-trapping give rise to the extremely hot STE's. Because the resulting temperature of the STE's is much higher than the lattice temperature, the cooling of STE's is dominated by the emission of lattice phonons. However, if the STE temperature comes into equilibrium with the lattice temperature, the absorption of lattice phonons becomes possible. As a result, the blue shift of the STEPL band is suggested to originate from the activation of hot (phonon-assisted) electronic transitions. Good agreement between experimental data and our FE laser heating model has been obtained.
Consumers’ Perceptions of the Assortment Offered in a Grocery Category: The Impact of Item Reduction

Grocery retailers have been informed that, to remain competitive, they must reduce the number of stockkeeping units (SKUs) offered, in line with consumer demand, or, in other words, adopt “Efficient Assortment. ” Retailers have resisted this principle on the basis of a fear that eliminating items would lower consumer assortment perceptions and decrease the likelihood of store choice. In two studies, the authors examine how consumers form assortment perceptions in the face of SKU reduction with a particular emphasis on two heuristic cues: the availability of a favorite product and the amount of shelf space devoted to the category. Results indicate that retailers might be able to make substantive reductions in the number of items carried without negatively affecting assortment perceptions and store choice, as long as only low-preference items are eliminated and category space is held constant. Thus, the potential risk inherent in item reduction might be more limited than initially thought. The authors then discuss the implications of these findings for retailers, as well as additional measurement considerations.
Thematic Learning Implementation in Elementary School ( Phenomenology Studies in Pamotan SDN 01 and 01 Majangtengah Dampit Malang )

Research focuses: 1) Teachers’ effort in organizing strategy is focused on the structural strategy, which refers to the way of sequencing and synthezising the facts, concepts, procedures, or pronciples related to integrated thematic learning plan. 2) Teachers’ effort in delivery strategy is focused on teaching media, students interaction with media, and learning-teaching structure. 3) Teachers’ effort in learning management strategy is focused on scheduling, student progress report, and motivation management. This research was conducted by qualitative research design with phenomenological approach. This research was done oin SDN Pamotan 01 and SDN Majangtengah 01. The findings from the observed phemnomena in these elementary school were. The organizational strategy was done by basic competency mapping, developing theme network, syllabus, and arranging lesson plan (RPP). The formation of class organization through study group is in accordance with the lesson given and the number of students, the organizing strategy as regulated. The teachers performed introduction, then core activity which consists of exploration, elaboration, and confirmation, and then performed closing on RPP drafting. The delivery strategy: 1) Teachers arranged and modified the material by combining multiple subjects into one theme in daily life and conveyed them in a simple language that easy to understand. 2) The teachers tried to engage the students to be actively involved in learning activities to give direct response and conclude the message of the subject. 3) The teachers gave a special guidance toward the students who have difficulty in understanding the materials individually. 4) The students were showing enthusiasm when the teachers explains the materials using pictures and demonstration methods. 5) The integration in the delivery of learning has not been maximized yet, some subjects still delivered separately. The management strategy of thematic learning were resulted in these findings: 1) the schedule of thematic learning implementation was done through sub-theme execution everyday 2) The formulation of the students’ progress records was done by the assessment of learning process. Assessment tools used in this thematic learning could be a test or a non-test. The assessment was done to observe the accomplishment of the basic competencies assigned and the indicators of each subjects on the given theme. The assessment was no longer based on the theme, but it has been separated to the basic competencies, the learning outcomes, and the indicators of the subjects. 3) the prizes and awards were given to the students who were excel in the study, the praise and award were done to encourage students in completing the tasks. Supports and guidance were given to the students who were slow. A good motivation in study will lead to a good results.
MEDICAL STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE THERAPIES: A PRE- AND POST-EXPOSURE SURVEY IN MAJMAAH UNIVERSITY, SAUDI ARABIA

Background: Evidently, Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is increasingly a recognized medical practice that efficiently uses multiple treatment therapies and techniques in promoting the health and wellbeing of people as well as preventing and managing a variety of human disorders. Research in CAM, which courses exposure to diverse healthcare professionals, is important from many perspectives including improvement in teaching skills of faculty, enhancing capacity building, and innovative curriculum development. This pre- and post-design crosssectional study aimed to assess perceptions, training needs, personal usage, use in office practice, and knowledge of two batches of medical students toward CAM therapies in Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: The second year medical students of the first (year 2012-13) and second (year 2013-2014) batch [n=26 & 39, respectively] were selected for this study. A reliable 16-item self-administered questionnaire was distributed among all students for answering before and after the 48-hour specific 19 CAM therapies course, in terms of CAM therapies are clearly conventional or alternative, training needs, effectiveness, personal use, use in practice, management of two clinical cases by CAM or conventional therapies, and views about which evidence based approach strongly support individual CAM modalities. Results: Medical students' knowledge and perceptions of CAM therapies significantly improved across some sub-items of CAM questionnaire with a positive trend in the rest of its items including their views about CAM therapies, need for further training, personal use of therapies and advising patients regarding CAM practices strongly supported by randomized clinical controlled trials and published case studies. Conclusion: CAM course tends to have positive impact on the knowledge and perceptions of medical students, in addition to need for further training, and personal use and use of CAM therapies in practice in line with strong evidence-based data regarding therapeutic efficacy. The preliminary results of this study call for further research in specific CAM modalities with a larger sample in academic settings across the nation.
Changing the Face of Student Teaching through Coteaching

Abstract In this article, we challenge the status quo of current student-teaching practice, which has remained relatively unchanged for close to 100 years. This 4-year study identifies the differences between a coteaching and a non-coteaching model of student teaching. Quantitative and qualitative results clearly demonstrate the positive impact of coteaching on learners. This emerging practice of coteaching in student teaching holds great promise in transforming the world of teacher preparation.
Self‐service technology and online financial service choice

Purpose – The application of self‐service technology in transaction‐based e‐service (e.g. online financial services) creates a challenge for firms: what combination of features should they offer to satisfy needs from different customer segments? This paper seeks to address the above question by highlighting similarities and differences of consumer preferences among self‐service, hybrid service and professional service segments for online financial services.Design/methodology/approach – This study employs a web‐based discrete choice experiment, in which 1,319 consumers were offered different account alternatives, which include features for self‐service and professional assistance, price per transaction, and promotion offers.Findings – The results demonstrate that overall, consumer preferences for features of online financial services differ across segments. Moreover, with the variation in the strength of self‐reliance, interesting trends regarding the relative importance of features are observed. With the .
Study Of The Relation Between Helicobacter Pylori Infection And Gastric Interleukin (8) In Patients With Chronic Liver Disease

Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) is a gram negative spirally shaped bacterium. It is known to be the most common important cause of gastritis, peptic ulcer, non ulcer dyspepsia and gastric carcinoma. The frequency and importance of gastric mucosal lesion in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) have been increasingly recognized in recent years. IL-8 a potent leukocyte chemo–attractant cytokine produced by H pylori. It promotes polymorphnuclear leucocytes (PMNs) and mononuclear cells (MNCs) accumulation in gastric mucosa.This work aimed to clarify the relation between H pylori and IL-8 production in various chronic liver disease (CLD) lesions. Eighty patients were included in this study, 50 with CLD and 30 dyspeptic patients without CLD. Gastric mucosal biopsies were examined histopathologically for H pylori, cellular infiltration and associated pathology, together with culture of H pylori and assessment of IL-8 level in gastric tissue supernatant. 30/50 (60%) CLD patients,10/15 (66.6%) patients with non gastric dyspepsia, and 14/15 (93.3%) patients with gastric dyspepsia were positive for H pylori. There was no relationship between the prevalence of H pylori and the aetiology of CLD. No significant difference was observed in CLD patients’ group as regard to H pylori and Child grading, degree of varices, gastric or liver histopathology. Statistical difference in H pylori prevalence between patients with CLD and those with gastric dyspepsia was significant. IL-8 showed significant increase in H pylori positive vs H pylori negative patients. Positive correlation was found between H pylori density and tissue IL-8 and cellular infiltration. In conclusion the liver status does not play a role in the prevalence of H pylori infection, further studies to investigate the relation between virulent H pylori and IL-8 are needed.
Towards Development of a Super Ceramic Composite - Initial Investigation into Improvement of Strength and Toughness of Polycrystalline Ceramics

Abstract : This report outlines the initial findings of the research team conducting the ERDC-directed research project Nanoscale Studies of Polycrystalline Materials with Emphasis on Ceramics Syntheses. It provides an assessment of the state-of-the-art in the multi-scale simulation methods that can predict polycrystalline ceramic mechanical properties and ceramic sintering from basic physics and material structure. The reports findings will be used to identify strengths and weaknesses in the technology, to understand how the different simulation components must fit together, and to guide follow-on research programs towards the long-term development a ceramic composite that has fracture toughness and tensile strength approximately 5 times that of existing polycrystalline ceramics, such as silicon carbide or boron carbide. If such a ceramic composite were developed, then, based on current strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios, it could replace steel and aluminum for most structural applications with an attendant two-thirds reduction in weight. This would have enormous impact on Army portable protective structures, equipment, and logistics. Key to this development is the growing capability in numerical simulations to predict material behavior based on atomic and crystalline morphology. Such simulations provide new insight into the causal relationships between material structure and material behavior. The simulations can guide both polycrystalline material design and synthesis methods such as sintering.
In ation Targeting and Exchange Rate Pass-through forthcoming

This paper analyzes how endogenous imperfect exchange rate pass-through a¤ects ination targeting optimal monetary policies in a New Keynesian small open economy. The paper shows that an inverse relation exists between the passthrough and the insulation of the economy from foreign and monetary policy shocks, and that imperfect pass-through tends to decrease the variability of the terms of trade. Furthermore, with CPI ination targeting, in the short run, delayed pass-through constrains monetary policy more than incomplete passthrough and interest rate smoothing ampli es this e¤ect. When the pass-through decreases, the variability in economic activity tends to raise and the trade-o¤ between the stabilization of CPI ination and output worsens in direct relation to how strictly the central bank is targeting CPI ination. In contrast, with domestic ination targeting, optimal monetary policy is not constrained and opposite results occur. Consequently, imperfect pass-through favors the choice of domestic to CPI ination targeting. JEL Classi cation: E52, E58, F41.