Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE OUTCOME OF MAJOR HEPATECTOMIES FOLLOWING DIFFERENT DURATIONS OF PORTAL VEIN LIGATION IN RATS

Aim: Atrophy/Hypertrophy complex constitution (AHC) by portal vein ligation (PVL) before major hepatectomies (Hx) has got beneficial effects on the functional capacity of the remnant liver tissue by increasing its volume. We aimed to evaluate whether longer duration of PVL has any additive benefit on regenaration speed, weight, biochemical, histological examination and mortality, before major hepatectomies in rats. Methods: One-hundred and twenty Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups (PVL, PVL+Hx, Hx, Sham+Hx). Group I ( PVL ), Group II ( PVL + Hx ); 70% Hx and relaparotomy after 21 days from PVL, Group III ( Hx ); 70% Hx, Group IV ( Sham + Hx); 70% Hx after 21 days from Sham ligation. Hepatic tissue regeneration speed, weight, liver function tests and histological examination were evaluated on postoperatively 3rd , 7th , 14th and 21st days. Also, mortality rate was evaluated. Results: The regeneration speed increased in all groups except PVL+Hx. The weight of all rats decreased on postoperative 3rd day, however, then reached nearly preoperative values on 7th day and the higher values were seen on 28th day in all groups. Serum alkaline phosphatase levels increased in all groups postoperatively and decreased to normal values on postoperative 7th day. Mitosis has been seen until 3rd day in Hx, and Sham+Hx, until 14th day in PVL, and not in PVL+Hx. 1, 6, and 7 rats were lost in PVL+Hx, Hx, and Sham+Hx groups respectively in first three days. Mortality rates were significantly lower than Hx and Sham+Hx groups in PVL and PVL+Hx groups Conclusion: In this study the lesser liver tissue had to be resected in rats constituted AHC with long term PVL, so we had more remnant liver tissue to be able to have enough function. The lengthening of the duration of PVL will be better for decreasing morbidity and mortality of major hepatectomies in benign liver pathologies.
Probabilistic Seismic-Hazard Estimation for Peninsular India

Peninsular India (10.0 N-28.0 N; 68.0 E-90.0 E) is one of the oldest and seismically most stable landmasses of the Indian plate. Recent seismic history, however, shows that more than five damaging earthquakes with magnitudes greater than Mw 6.0 have occurred in this region, highlighting the importance of seismic- hazard assessment for the region. This article estimates the probabilistic seismic hazard associated with peninsular India with a zoneless approach incorporating the observed seismic activity and known geological characteristics of the region. The seismicity parameters for hazard assessment have been estimated incorporating com- pleteness criteria for various spans of the catalog data. The spatial and temporal variations of seismic activity have been modeled using different source models. Seis- mic source zones for the region have been defined on the basis of large-scale geo- logical features, which are used for assigning the maximum possible earthquake potential. Due to the poorly known attenuation characteristics of the study region, three appropriate attenuation models have been used for the estimation of ground- motion parameters. Hazard maps for peninsular India have been developed using a convolution scheme based on weighting and incorporating various uncertainties in- volved while modeling different parameters. The comparison of the probabilistic seismic-hazard map developed herein with the hazard map specified in the Indian Standards shows that the design parameters in the Indian Standards may significantly underestimate the seismic hazard in some regions of peninsular India.
Inline TM 110-Mode Filters With High-Design Flexibility by Utilizing Bypass Couplings of Nonresonating TE 10 = 01 Modes

This paper presents a new class of pseudoelliptic function filters that are based on compact inlineTM110-mode cavity configurations. No structural folding is required. The bypass couplings are implemented through the nonresonatingTE10 01 modes so that arbitrarily positioned transmission zeros can be implemented. Design guidelines to generate a given transmission zero on the desired side of the passband and how to control it are presented. To demonstrate its flexibility, the approach is illustrated at examples of four-pole inline filters providing Chebyshev, elliptic-function-type, and asymmetric characteristics. Performance comparisons with different numerical codes validate the designs. A fourth-order pseudoelliptic filter with four transmission zeros is then designed, constructed, and measured. Excellent agreement between simulated and experimental results verifies the approach.
Inorganic geochemistry data from Lake El'gygytgyn sediments: marine isotope stages 6–11

Abstract. Geochemical analyses were performed on sediments recovered by deep drilling at Lake El'gygytgyn in central Chukotka, northeastern Russia (67°30' N; 172°05' E). Major and rare element concentrations were determined using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) on the
threat: maintaining perceived collective continuity through the protective power of ingroup narratives in Northern Ireland and Cyprus. Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 5(2), 282-300. DOI: 10.5964/jspp.v5i2.682

In historically divided societies, narratives play an important role in understanding the maintenance and perception of identities and group status over time. Moving beyond the consequences of identity continuity perceptions, in this paper we were interested in the antecedents of perceived collective continuity, specifically the role of narratives and threat perceptions. We predicted that endorsement of ingroup narratives would be associated with higher perceived continuity through stronger perceptions of group threat. To test this hypothesis, we recruited participants from both majority and minority groups in Northern Ireland (N = 268) and in Cyprus (N = 413) to complete an online survey to examine their endorsement of ingroup and outgroup narratives, their perceptions of identity continuity and feelings of threat. We tested these predictions with path analyses. In line with our hypothesis, results demonstrate that, for both majority and minority groups, if group members feel threatened they are more likely to endorse their ingroup historical narrative as this helps them to maintain a sense of continuity of their ingroup identity. Findings are discussed in relation to the importance of considering narratives in intergroup relations.
LONG‐TERM EFFECTS OF RODENT HERBIVORES ON TREE INVASION DYNAMICS ALONG FOREST–FIELD EDGES

Despite many observations of herbivores and granivores influencing the survival of tree seeds and seedlings, the net effects of these consumers on plant succession remain unclear. We used both experimental herbivore manipulations and observations of changes in vegetation cover to evaluate the longer-term impacts of small-mammal herbivores and granivores on woody plant invasion into old fields in New York State. Over a 5-yr period, we manipulated the density of meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) within partial enclosures replicated at five study sites. Average vole activity in enclosures with high vole density was significantly greater than that in enclosures with low vole density. In contrast, activity of competitively inferior white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) was significantly greater within enclosures designated as low vole density. Colonization by tree seedlings, as well as shrubs and vines, was significantly greater in enclosures under the low vole density treatment. Further, tree seedling abundance was higher in shrub-dominated enclosures with low vole, but high mouse, activity. Five years of contrasting mouse and vole activity within adjacent enclosures revealed that seedling predation by voles had a greater net effect on changes in woody vegetation cover in old fields than did seed predation by mice, despite studies reporting higher rates of seed vs. seedling predation in these areas. We conclude that short-term measures of predation intensity may not accurately predict the longer-term effects of small-mammal herbivores on vegetation dynamics and suggest that voles may be a keystone herbivore in old-field succession.
Chapter 2 Banach Contraction Principle and Its Generalizations

In 1922, the Polish mathematician Stefan Banach established a remarkable fixed point theorem known as the “Banach Contraction Principle” (BCP) which is one of the most important results of analysis and considered as the main source of metric fixed point theory. It is the most widely applied fixed point result in many branches of mathematics because it requires the structure of complete metric space with contractive condition on the map which is easy to test in this setting. The BCP has been generalized in many different directions. In fact, there is vast amount of literature dealing with extensions/generalizations of this remarkable theorem. In this chapter, it is impossible to cover all the known extensions / generalizations of the BCP. However, an attempt is made to present some extensions of the BCP in which the conclusion is obtained under mild modified conditions and which play important role in the development of metric fixed point theory.
Financial information disclosure

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine determinants of financial information disclosure by Tunisian companies. The methodology is based on qualitative approach, using the cognitive mapping technique. To take into account the specificities of the Tunisian economic, we felt that it is essential to conduct a qualitative analysis in the light of which we can identify the factors motivating the disclosure of financial information. The qualitative analysis is based on the census via a set of cases carried out in several Tunisian companies to understand their perceptions regarding the determinants of financial disclosure.
Interactive comment on “Formation of hydroxyl radical from San Joaquin Valley particles extracted in a cell-free solution” by H. Shen and C. Anastasio

This study analyzes OH formation rates from PM collected at one urban and one rural location in California. It also compares OH formation rates from different size fractions (PM 2.5 vs. PM coarse fraction), and during different seasons (summer vs. winter). OH production is also evaluated in the presence and absence of ascorbic acid, and role of transition metals (Cu and Fe) is identified in that OH generation. The manuscript is well written; detail oriented, well organized, and is recommended for publication after consideration of possible issues raised bellow. The most important issues that need to be clarified and discussed in more detail are:
Main Bank Power, Switching Costs, and Firm Performance: Theory and Evidence from Ukraine

We examine firms' motivation to change their main bank and how this switch affects loans, interest payments, and firm performance. Applying treatment effect analysis to unique firm-bank matched Ukrainian data, we find that larger and more highly leveraged companies are more likely to switch their main bank. Importantly, firms tend to switch to a new main bank that holds a higher share of equity in the firm and thus has stronger power. The results also suggest that after switching, firms obtain additional access to bank loans but, on average, have lower profits due to bigger interest payments.
On differential rational invariants of finite subgroups of affine group.

In the case of differential field an algebraic analogue of the field of all invariant differential rational functions of surfaces relative to gauge transformations and different subgroups of affine motion group is introduced. In the case of finite subgroup of affine group it is proved that its field of invariant rational functions generates the above field of invariant differential rational functions as a some differential field. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 12H05, 13A50, 53A55
The CD133/1+ cell subset from human subcutaneous adult fat retains hemogenic potential

Research has shown that cells from adult fat tissue can effect long-term blood reconstitution. Fat-derived multipotentiality was ascribed to CD34+ perivascular populations from its prominent microvasculature, that represent mostly non-hemogenic, mesenchymal cells, although this tissue contains a CD34+45+ subset committed to a hemogenic fate. Here, in order to analyze cell subsets presenting hemogenic capabilities within fat, CD133/1+ and pericytes, the latter defined by CD140b (PDGFRb, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Beta) expression, were immunomagnetically selected from stromal-vascular fractions (SVF). In Vitro Colony Forming Unit (CFU) assays were negative for CD140b+ pericytes and positive for CD133/1+ cells when a prolonged CFU assay was performed, revealing fat as another store of primitive progenitors that retain hemogenic potential.
FINANCIAL DERIVATIVE VALUATION - A DYNAMIC SEMIPARAMETRIC APPROACH

A dynamic semiparametric pricing method is proposed for financial derivatives, including European and American-type options and convertible bonds. The proposed method is an iterative procedure which uses nonparametric regres- sion to approximate derivative values, and parametric asset models to derive the continuation values. Extension to higher-dimensional option pricing is also devel- oped, in which the dependence structure of financial time series is modeled by copula functions. In the simulation study, we valuate one-dimensional American options, convertible bonds, multi-dimensional American geometric average options, and max options. The considered one-dimensional underlying asset models include the Black-Scholes, jump-diffusion, and NGARCH models and, for the multivariate case, we study copula models such as the Gaussian, Clayton, and Gumbel copulae. Convergence of the method is proved under continuity assumption on the transi- tion densities of the underlying asset models, and the orders of the supnorm errors are derived. Both the theoretical findings and the simulation results show the pro- posed approach to be tractable for numerical implementation and that it provides a unified and accurate technique for financial derivative pricing.
THE DEMAND FOR SWEET SPREADS: DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC EFFECTS FOR DETAILED COMMODITIES

In this paper we estimate the price and income elasticities for five sweet spreads using a two-stage budgeting procedure. The first stage modeled the consumer's budget decision as a Tobit model, where total sweet spread expenditures are based on income and demographic variables. The second stage, including only those households with nonzero first stage expenditures, was treated as a standard consumer allocation problem using the AIDS model. To incorporate population demographics, the AIDS model was expanded by specifying the constant term as a linear function of demographic variables. The coefficients for the prices and expenditures are highly significant and demand is elastic for all five goods. The most significant demographic effects are due to household size, and female food shopper. The theoretical restrictions of homogeneity and symmetry were tested and rejected for the complete system.
Structure, spatial distribution and competition in mixed jack pine (Pinus banksiana) stands on clay soils of eastern Canada

Nous avons etudie la dynamique des peuplements de pin gris purs (Pinus banksiana) et melanges au bouleau a papier (Betula papyrifera) et au peuplier faux-tremble (Populus tremuloides), etablis naturellement apres un incendie sur sol argileux en foret boreale mixte de l'est canadien dans le but de mieux comprendre ce qui controle leur composition. Les structures d'âge indiquent peu de difference dans le delai d'etablissement du pin gris selon la composition. Les surfaces terrieres des pins gris montrent de plus faibles coefficients d'asymetrie en melange avec le bouleau qu'avec le peuplier, ce qui laisse a penser que le bouleau est un plus faible competiteur. L'effet du bouleau sur le diametre moyen du pin reflete la plus faible densite du pin en peuplements melanges a du bouleau. La competition interspecifique n'a cependant pas affecte le diametre du pin a l'echelle de l'arbre. La competition interspecifique est evitee par l'exclusion spatiale des especes mise en evidence par la statistique de Ripley, ce qui reflete leur strategies reproductives et l'historique du site.
Typology of Organisational Commitment

This paper presents a contemporary review of the term commitment from an organisational perspective. The paper highlights the typology of employee commitment and of organisational commitment. Organisational commitment is a subset of employee commitment, which is comprised of work commitment, career commitment and organisational commitment. Organisational commitment, in turn, can be subdivided into affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitment. As a combination of both attitudinal and behavioural approaches, organisational commitment is defined as employees’ acceptance, involvement and dedication (AID) towards achieving the organisation’s goals. It is the willingness of employees to accept organisational values, and goals, and to work towards achieving these; to be fully involved, and participate, in all the activities, both work and non-work related, of the organisation; and to dedicate time, and effort, towards the betterment of the organisation.
Multiscale modeling of magnetic materials: Temperature dependence of the exchange stiffness

For finite-temperature micromagnetic simulations the knowledge of the temperature dependence of the exchange stiffness plays a central role. We use two approaches for the calculation of the thermodynamic exchange parameter from spin models: (i) based on the domain-wall energy and (ii) based on the spin-wave dispersion. The corresponding analytical and numerical approaches are introduced and compared. A general theory for the temperature dependence and scaling of the exchange stiffness is developed using the classical spectral density method. The low-temperature exchange stiffness $A$ is found to scale with magnetization as ${m}^{1.66}$ for systems on a simple cubic lattice and as ${m}^{1.76}$ for an FePt Hamiltonian parametrized through ab initio calculations. The additional reduction in the scaling exponent, as compared to the mean-field theory $(A\ensuremath{\sim}{m}^{2})$, comes from the nonlinear spin-wave effects.
Do students training to be health care workers have compassionate attributes

Aim: This research was developed to measure to what extent health-care students began their training with compassionate attributes. Background: Compassion can be defined as an awareness of others and desire to help, using a non-judgmental approach (Wispe, 1991). Having compassionate health-care workers makes clients feel valued and has always been the expectation of clients and their families. The significance of compassion in health care cannot be underestimated, as highlighted in research from a number of different health disciplines (Bramley & Matiti, 2014; Hall, 2013; Radley & Figley, 2007). Research methods: In 2016, a total of 146 students enrolled in the first semester of nursing, midwifery and social work at the Waikato Institute of Technology (Wintec) in Hamilton, participated in the research. The researchers used a self-administered “compassion to others” psychometric scale to measure compassionate attributes (Pommier, 2010). Data were analysed using the SPSS and ANOVA for descriptive statistics and predictive information. Findings: The results indicated that beginning nursing, midwifery and social work students showed compassionate attributes, eg kindness and common humanity. The mean compassion score for nursing was 82.31 (SD=13.92), midwifery 83.91 (SD=9.56) and social work 85.75 (SD=7.81). These differences were not considered statistically significant. Conclusions: This research found that at entry level, health-care students demonstrate compassion. This information could be used by educators to strengthen and maintain compassion attributes by maintaining and reinforcing the values, hopes and aspirations that brought the students into the profession.
Waves in high-speed plasmoids in the magnetosheath and at the magnetopause

Plasmoids, defined here as plasma entities with a higher anti-sunward velocity component than the surround- ing plasma, have been observed in the magnetosheath in re- cent years. During the month of March 2007 the Cluster spacecraft crossed the magnetopause near the subsolar point 13 times. Plasmoids with larger velocities than the surround- ing magnetosheath were found on seven of these 13 occa- sions. The plasmoids approach the magnetopause and inter- act with it. Both whistler mode waves and waves in the lower hybrid frequency range appear in these plasmoids, and the energy density of the waves inside the plasmoids is higher than the average wave energy density in the magnetosheath. When the spacecraft are in the magnetosphere, Alfvenic waves are observed. Cold ions of ionospheric origin are seen in connection with these waves, when the wave electric and magnetic fields combine with the Earth's dc magnetic field to yield an E◊B/B 2 drift speed that is large enough to give the ions energies above the detection threshold.
Under-performance of listed companies? Real earnings management and M&A: chinese empirical evidence

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine whether acquiring firms attempt to adopt real earnings management strategy to upward reported earnings in the period of M&A announcement and provide an explanation for the underperformance of post-M&A in share payment M&A affairs occurring in China’s capital market from 2008-2010. Design/methodology/approach: The author uses Roychowdhury’s(2006) methodology to measure the magnitude of real earnings management of acquiring firms in stock for stock M&A by exploiting financial date from 2006 to 2011. The methodology includes three models, which are cash ? ow from operations, production costs and discretionary expenditures, respectively. Findings: It was found that firms using stock as a financing medium exhibit significant negative abnormal cash flows and abnormal discretionary expenses yet abnormal production costs significantly positive during the current period of M&A. Moreover, it was also documented that acquiring firms use real activities manipulation to overstate earnings for the purpose of improving market confidence. Finally, a negative association was found between REM and under-performance of post-M&A. Research limitations/implications: To some extent, these results explain the puzzle of performance decline over the following period of post-M&A. Meanwhile, our study adds to prior literature that capital market pressures induce acquiring firms inflate reported earnings by manipulating real activities in stock-financed M&A occurring in China’s capital market. Practical implications: The author’s result imply that investors, analysts and regulators cannot ignore more undetectable opportunism behaviors underlying reported earnings than accrual-based earnings management and the impact on the performance of post-M&A when they use financial statements to evaluate acquiring firms. Social implications: Our study plays important role in making public policies. Furthermore, it is necessary to improve outside supervisory mechanism and strengthen construction of honesty and faithfulness so as to realize the main purpose of value creation in M&A. Originality/value: The paper extends prior literature by taking a closer look at acquiring firms’ managerial myopia behavior in stock-financed M&A. The administrators of acquiring firms have strong incentives to manage earning upward by adopting a more subtle way which is a costly means because it has value-destroying effect on performance of post-M&A.