Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NLRP3 Regulates Neutrophil Functions and Contributes to Hepatic Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury Independently of Inflammasomes

Inflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of hepatic ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the mechanism by which hepatic I/R induces inflammatory responses remains unclear. Recent evidence indicates that a sterile inflammatory response triggered by I/R is mediated through a multiple-protein complex called the inflammasome. Therefore, we investigated the role of the inflammasome in hepatic I/R injury and found that hepatic I/R stimuli upregulated the inflammasome-component molecule, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain–like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain–containing 3 (NLRP3), but not apoptosis-associated speck–like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC). NLRP3−/− mice, but not ASC−/− and caspase-1−/− mice, had significantly less liver injury after hepatic I/R. NLRP3−/− mice showed reduced inflammatory responses, reactive oxygen species production, and apoptosis in I/R liver. Notably, infiltration of neutrophils, but not macrophages, was markedly inhibited in the I/R liver of NLRP3−/− mice. Bone marrow transplantation experiments showed that NLRP3 not only in bone marrow–derived cells, but also in non-bone marrow–derived cells contributed to liver injury after I/R. In vitro experiments revealed that keratinocyte-derived chemokine–induced activation of heterotrimeric G proteins was markedly diminished. Furthermore, NLRP3−/− neutrophils decreased keratinocyte-derived chemokine–induced concentrations of intracellular calcium elevation, Rac activation, and actin assembly formation, thereby resulting in impaired migration activity. Taken together, NLRP3 regulates chemokine-mediated functions and recruitment of neutrophils, and thereby contributes to hepatic I/R injury independently of inflammasomes. These findings identify a novel role of NLRP3 in the pathophysiology of hepatic I/R injury.
SAFB2, a New Scaffold Attachment Factor Homolog and Estrogen Receptor Corepressor*

We have characterized previously the nuclear matrix protein/scaffold attachment factor (SAFB) as an estrogen receptor corepressor and as a potential tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer. A search of the human genome for other potential SAFB family members revealed that KIAA00138 (now designated as SAFB2) has high homology to SAFB (now designated as SAFB1). SAFB1 and SAFB2 are mapped adjacent to each other on chromosome 19p13.3 and are arranged in a bidirectional divergent configuration (head to head), being separated by a short (<500 bp) GC-rich intergenic region that can function as a bidirectional promoter. SAFB1 and SAFB2 share common functions but also have unique properties. As shown previously for SAFB1, SAFB2 functions as an estrogen receptor corepressor, and its overexpression results in inhibition of proliferation. SAFB1 and SAFB2 interact directly through a C-terminal domain, resulting in additive repression activity. They are coexpressed in a number of tissues, but unlike SAFB1, which is exclusively nuclear, SAFB2 is found in the cytoplasm as well as the nucleus. Consistent with its cytoplasmic localization, we detected an interaction between SAFB2 and vinexin, a protein involved in linking signaling to the cytoskeleton. Our findings suggest that evolutionary duplication of the SAFB gene has allowed it to retain crucial functions, but also to gain novel functions in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus.
The Retinoblastoma Protein Regulates Pericentric Heterochromatin

ABSTRACT The retinoblastoma protein (pRb) has been proposed to regulate cell cycle progression in part through its ability to interact with enzymes that modify histone tails and create a repressed chromatin structure. We created a mutation in the murine Rb1 gene that disrupted pRb's ability to interact with these enzymes to determine if it affected cell cycle control. Here, we show that loss of this interaction slows progression through mitosis and causes aneuploidy. Our experiments reveal that while the LXCXE binding site mutation does not disrupt pRb's interaction with the Suv4-20h histone methyltransferases, it dramatically reduces H4-K20 trimethylation in pericentric heterochromatin. Disruption of heterochromatin structure in this chromosomal region leads to centromere fusions, chromosome missegregation, and genomic instability. These results demonstrate the surprising finding that pRb uses the LXCXE binding cleft to control chromatin structure for the regulation of events beyond the G1-to-S-phase transition.
Evaluation of Tp‐E Interval and Tp‐E/QT Ratio in Patients with Aortic Stenosis

The risk of syncope and sudden cardiac death due to ventricular arrhythmias increased in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). Recently, it was shown that Tp‐e interval, Tp‐e/QT, and Tp‐e/QTc ratio can be novel indicators for prediction of ventricular arrhythmias and mortality. We aimed to investigate the association between AS and ventricular repolarization using Tp‐e interval and Tp‐e/QT ratio.
Scheduling Enhancements and Performance Evaluation of Downlink 5G Time-Sensitive Communications

Time-sensitive communications (TSC) in wireless networks is an emerging paradigm that gains research momentum as an enabler of the industrial Internet of Things. As compared to ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) in fifth-generation cellular networks, TSC has stricter requirements in terms of latency and reliability, and also demands absolute time-synchronization and on-time delivery of packets for deterministic and isochronous real-time applications. In this regard, a key question is how to schedule TSC traffic flows effectively. This paper presents a radio resource allocation strategy for deterministic downlink TSC flows leveraging traffic pattern knowledge. Taking physical layer control channel effects into account, a comparison of semi-persistent and dynamic packet scheduling methods is presented as well as necessary enhancements to link adaptation and interference coordination procedures. With the proposed methods, the network capacity in terms of number of supported TSC flows can be more than doubled compared to traditional dynamic scheduling methods as commonly assumed for URLLC applications.
MRI patterns of atrophy associated with progression to AD in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Objective: To compare the patterns of gray matter loss in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) who progress to Alzheimer disease (AD) within a fixed clinical follow-up time vs those who remain stable. Methods: Twenty-one subjects with aMCI were identified from the Mayo Clinic Alzheimer's research program who remained clinically stable for their entire observed clinical course (aMCI-S), where the minimum required follow-up time from MRI to last follow-up assessment was 3 years. These subjects were age- and gender-matched to 42 aMCI subjects who progressed to AD within 18 months of the MRI (aMCI-P). Each subject was then age- and gender-matched to a control subject. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to assess patterns of gray matter atrophy in the aMCI-P and aMCI-S groups compared to the control group, and compared to each other. Results: The aMCI-P group showed bilateral loss affecting the medial and inferior temporal lobe, temporoparietal association neocortex, and frontal lobes, compared to controls. The aMCI-S group showed no regions of gray matter loss when compared to controls. When the aMCI-P and aMCI-S groups were compared directly, the aMCI-P group showed greater loss in the medial and inferior temporal lobes, the temporoparietal neocortex, posterior cingulate, precuneus, anterior cingulate, and frontal lobes than the aMCI-S group. Conclusions: The regions of loss observed in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) who progressed to Alzheimer disease (AD) within 18 months of the MRI are typical of subjects with AD. The lack of gray matter loss in subjects with aMCI who remained clinically stable for their entire observed clinical course is consistent with the notion that patterns of atrophy on MRI at baseline map well onto the subsequent clinical course. GLOSSARY: AD = Alzheimer disease; ADNI = Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; ADPR = Alzheimer's Disease Patient Registry; ADRC = Mayo Clinic Alzheimer's Disease Research Center; aMCI = amnestic mild cognitive impairment; APOE e4 = apolipoprotein epsilon 4; AVLT = Auditory Verbal Learning Test; CDR-SB = CDR sum of boxes; DCT = discrete cosine transformation; FDR = false discovery rate; FWHM = full-width at half-maximum; GM = gray matter; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; MNI = Montreal Neurological Institute; NIA = National Institute on Aging; TIV = total intracranial volume; VBM = voxel-based morphometry; WM = white matter; WMH = white matter hyperintensity.
A culture of patient safety in nursing homes

Background: Few accounts of patient safety initiatives in nursing homes exist. Objective: To (1) determine safety culture scores for nursing homes and (2) compare these results with existing data from hospitals. Methods: Data were collected from a nationally representative sample of nursing homes (n = 2840 completed surveys and a response rate of 71%). From these nursing homes, administrators completed The Hospital Survey On Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) instrument. Results: 11 of the 12 HSOPSC subscale scores from the nursing home sample were considerably lower than the benchmark hospital scores. In addition, almost all item scores from nursing homes were considerably lower than the benchmark hospital scores. These results indicate that a less well-developed safety culture exists in nursing homes. Conclusions: The results clearly show that the patient safety culture scores of nursing homes are considerably lower than those of hospitals. Residents of nursing homes may be at risk of harm as a result of patient safety errors.
Data ow-driven Memory Allocation for Multi-dimensional Signal Processing Systems

Memory cost is responsible for a large amount of the chip and/or board area of customized video and image processing systems. In this paper, a novel background memory allocation and assignment technique is presented. It is intended for a behavioural algorithm speci cation, where the procedural ordering of the memory related operations is not yet fully xed. Instead of the more restricted classical scheduling-based explorations, starting from procedurally interpreted speci cations in terms of loops, a novel optimization approach { driven by dataow analysis { is proposed. Employing the estimated silicon area as a steering cost, this allocation/assignment technique yields one or (optionally) several distributed (multi-port) memory architecture(s) with fully-determined characteristics, complying with a given clock cycle budget for read/write operations. Moreover, our approach can accurately deal with complex multi-dimensional signals by means of a polyhedral dataow analysis operating with groups of scalars.
Effects of Medial and Lateral Septal Lesions on the Partial Reinforcement Extinction Effect at Short Inter-Trial Intervals

Rats sustained electrolytic lesions either in the medial septal (MS) area (of a kind known to eliminate the hippocampal theta rhythm) or in the dorso-lateral septal (LS) area (of a kind known to spare theta) and were compared to sham-operated controls in three experiments in the straight alley with food reward on continuous (CRF) or partial (PRF) reinforcement and inter-trial intervals of 3-8 min. With 6 acquisition trials MS lesions increased resistance to extinction and enhanced the partial reinforcement extinction effect (PREE). With 48 acquisition trials MS lesions did not alter resistance to extinction after either CRF or PRF training, but LS lesions abolished the PREE by increasing resistance to extinction in rats trained with CRF and decreasing it in rats trained with PRF. With 96 acquisition trials LS lesions were without effect on resistance to extinction after either CRF or PRF training, as previously reported by Henke (1974) using total septal lesions. Thus the impairment in the PREE previously shown after large septal lesions is due to damage to the lateral, not the medial, septal area.
Semantical study of intuitionistic modal logics

We investigate several intuitionistic modal logics (IMLs), mainly from semantical viewpoint. In these decades, in the area of type theory for programming language, various type systems corresponding (via Curry-Howard correspondence) to IMLs have been considered. However, IMLs arising from such a context are not extensively studied before. We try to understand the logical meaning of such IMLs, and what kind of structure are behind IMLs motivated from computation. The technical materials appearing in the thesis are divided into three parts: (1) proof systems and Kripke semantics for an intuitionistic version of linear-time temporal logic (LTL), which corresponds to a lambda-calculus for binding-time analysis; (2) correspondence theory in a certain Kripke semantics for IML; and (3) a new representation of existing Kripke semantics for IML by using neighborhood semantics (also called Scott-Montague semantics), and investigations of the relationship between them. Through these technical developments, the following observation arises: there are actually two possible meanings of the assertion “a formula A is true at a possible world x. ” This explains the difference between the traditional modal logic and IMLs considered in this thesis, and several difficulties that emerge in establishing meta-theoretical results such as completeness and cut-elimination. In the thesis we also show that the existing Kripke model can be transformed into an equivalent neighborhood model, and each neighborhood model satisfying a certain condition can be transformed into an equivalent Kripke model. This mutual translation clearly explains how “non-standard” behavior of modalities (captured well by neighborhood semantics) has been simulated in the existing Kripke semantics.
Cuvier, Hegel and Naturphilosophie

Parallelisms in the lives of Georges Cuvier (1769-1832) and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831) are shown, besides biographic trends, by considering mainly their mostly shared feelings against Naturphilosophie and Romanticism. Cuvier never accepted the foundations of transcendental anatomy, the very base of Naturphilosophie. In contrast, for Naturphilosophen nature was antecedent to idea, an assumption that Hegel’s idealism could not admit. Although these aspects of biological history and philosophy are frequently forgotten, in the particular case of Cuvier, knowing them can promote a proper understanding of his attitudes towards morphology, and those attitudes are the object of most of the current criticisms that Cuvier’s work receives.
Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Effects of Latanoprost Monotherapy versus Latanoprost or Pilocarpine in Combination with Timolol

PurposeTo compare intraocular pressure (IOP) after adding either latanoprost or pilocarpine to timolol treatment or switching to latanoprost monotherapy in glaucomatous eyes in which IOP was inadequately controlled with timolol.MethodsThis 6-month randomized study comprised 148 patients with primary
Implications of Adoption Studies on Schizophrenia

It is accepted that schizophrenia runs in families, but whether this relates to genetic or psychosocial transmission is an unanswered question. Kendler (1988) has articulated four testable hypotheses: (a) a general liability to any psychiatric illness (b) a liability to schizotypal functioning — oddness, suspiciousness etc. (c) a liability to broadly defined schizophrenic psychosis, or any functional, non-affective psychosis and (d) a specific liability to narrowly defined schizophrenia, e.g. using DSM-III-R criteria (American Psychiatric Association, 1987). Kendler suggests that neither hypothesis (a) nor (d) is correct, and that the familial predisposition is neither completely non-specific nor highly specific; available results strongly support the second hypothesis and also provide some support in favour of the third.
Treatment of refractory diarrhoea in AIDS with acetorphan and octreotide: a randomized crossover study.

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and tolerance of acetorphan, an orally active enkephalinase inhibitor whose antidiarrhoeal properties derive from a purely antisecretory activity, to that of octreotide, a subcutaneously administered somatostatin analogue, in the treatment of refractory diarrhoea in AIDS patients. DESIGN An open randomized crossover trial. SETTING The inpatient medical units of three hospitals. PATIENTS Thirteen adult inpatients with AIDS and refractory diarrhoea that lasted for 35 +/- 8 weeks despite use of traditional antidiarrhoeal agents and was characterized by 7.0 +/- 1.2 stools/day, weighing 1033 +/- 174 g/day with a lipid output of 18.8 +/- 3.5 g/day. INTERVENTIONS Acetorphan (100-300 mg thrice daily) and octreotide (50-150 micrograms thrice daily) were given in random order during two 1-week periods. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Response was defined as a reduction by at least one-third of both daily stool number and weight. RESULTS The mean daily stool number was reduced to 4.6 +/- 1.1 with acetorphan (P < or = 0.05) but was 5.6 +/- 1.2 with octreotide (NS). Whereas two patients responded to both treatments, two responded to acetorphan alone and one to octreotide alone. Daily lipid output in faeces was reduced non-significantly with acetorphan (11.5 +/- 2.3 g) but was nearly doubled with octreotide (33.7 +/- 12.0 g). Acetorphan was very well tolerated. CONCLUSION Enkephalinase inhibitors may be a useful alternative to somatostatin analogues in the management of refractory diarrhoea in AIDS.
Experiments With Scalable Gradient-based Hyperparameter Optimization for Deep Neural Networks by

Gradient-based hyperparameter optimization algorithms have the potential to scale to numbers of individual hyperparameters proportional to the number of elementary parameters, unlike other current approaches. Some candidate completions of DrMAD, one such algorithm that updates the hyperparameters after fully training the parameters of the model, are explored, with experiments tuning per-parameter L2 regularization coefficients on CIFAR10 with the DenseNet architecture. Experiments with DenseNets on CIFAR10 are also conducted with an adaptive method, which updates the hyperparameters during the training of elementary parameters, tuning per-parameter learning rates and L2 regularization. The experiments do not establish the utility of either method, but the adaptive method shows some promise, with further experiments required.
A case series of atypical presentations of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a heterogeneous disease primarily characterized by thrombocytopenia and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Therapeutic plasma exchange has dramatically improved mortality, allowing for emergence of refractory, relapsing, and atypical presentations. In this article, we describe four cases of TTP presenting with minimal schistocytes, mild elevation of lactate dehydrogenase, and symptoms suggestive of macrovascular arterial involvement. With increasing reports of less common presentations of TTP, clinicians should consider this diagnosis in cases of unexplained arterial thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, or hemolytic anemia. Testing for a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin Type 1 motif, Member 13 ADAMTS13 activity was extremely useful to help confirm the diagnosis in our series of patients. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ASSEPSIA E ANTISSEPSIA: TÉCNICAS DE ESTERILIZAÇÃO

Por ser o hospital um ambiente insalubre, as tecnicas de assepsia, anti-sepsia e de esterilizacao sao de extrema importância para reduzir os riscos de infeccao. Sao apresentados os principais anti-septicos e tecnicas de esterilizacao.
Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus among some voluntary blood donors at the 37 military hospital, accra, ghana.

SUMMARY BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most significant pathogens infecting immunosuppressed individuals. CMV is transmissible through transfusion of blood components. AIM The goal of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to CMV among blood donors seen at the 37 Military Hospital Blood Transfusion Unit, (MHBTU) Accra, Ghana. METHODS The seroprevalence of antibodies specific for CMV was tested using CMV IgG/IgM particle agglutination test kit and ELISA. RESULTS Of the 264 blood donors, 18 were negative and 246 were positive for CMV IgG antibodies, giving an overall CMV prevalence rate of 93.2%. None of the 264 blood donors was positive for CMV IgM antibodies. About 96% of the donors aged between 30 to 39 years were seropositive for CMV, as against 91.9% in those aged 20-29 years, 88.6% in 40 to 49 years, 75.0% (3 out of 4) in 50 to 59 years, and 100% (1 out 1) in 60-69 years. There was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) in the CMV IgG status in different age groups. The blood donors comprised largely of male donors (236 out of 264), making sex comparisons statistically undesirable. However, all the female (n=28) donors were positive for CMV IgG. CONCLUSION Since about 93% of blood donors at the MHBTU are seropositive for CMV, it would be very useful to screen blood donors in Ghana for CMV to identify the very few CMV-seronegative blood donors, and maintain an inventory of them for use as donors.
New categories designated as healthcare‐associated and community‐associated methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dogs

The incidence of MRSP has been increasing, and treatment options in veterinary medicine are limited. Few previous studies of MRSP have described the relationships between the genotypes, phenotypes, and clinical backgrounds of the isolates. To gain insight into the associations between the microbiological and clinical characteristics of MRSP, we analyzed 282 Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs. A total of 195 (69.1%) strains were identified as mecA‐positive MRSP and were classified into mainly two genotypes: SCCmec types III (II‐III) (52.8%) and V (37.4%). SCCmec type III MRSP strains were significantly correlated with hospital admission and antimicrobial therapy of the dogs, and exhibited a homogeneous genotype similar to sequence type 71‐MRSP, which is a globally endemic clone in dogs. In contrast, SCCmec type V MRSP strains were not highly correlated with hospital admission and antimicrobial therapy and exhibited genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Properties of MRSP strains SCCmec types III and V were similar to those of HA‐ and CA‐MRSA, respectively. Therefore, we designated these isolates carrying SCCmec types III and V as HA‐MRSP and CA‐MRSP, respectively. Discrimination between HA‐ and CA‐MRSP by oxacillin MIC will provide useful information for treatment and infection control measures for canine MRSP infections.