Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association between Neutrophilic Leucocytosis and Congestive Heart Failure after Acute Myocardial Infarction

Key words: leucocytosis; neutrophilia; myocardial infarction; congestive heart failure. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/mjsbh.v9i2. 5021 Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital Vol.9(2) 2010: 17-24
Dose comparison between Gafchromic film, XiO, and Monaco treatment planning systems in a novel pelvic phantom that contains a titanium hip prosthesis

Abstract The presence of metallic prostheses during external beam radiotherapy of malignancies in the pelvic region has the potential to strongly influence the dose distribution to the target and to tissue surrounded by the prostheses. This study systematically investigates the perturbation effects of unilateral titanium prosthesis on 6 and 15 MV photon beam dose distributions using Gafchromic EBT2 film measurements in a novel pelvic phantom made out of a stack of nylon slices. Comparisons were also made between the film data and dose calculations made on XiO and Monaco treatment planning systems. The collapsed cone algorithm was chosen for the XiO and the Monte Carlo algorithm used on Monaco is XVMC. Transmission measurements were taken using a narrow‐beam geometry to determine the mass attenuation coefficient of nylon = 0.0458 cm2/g and for a water‐equivalent RW3 phantom, it was 0.0465 cm2/g. The perturbation effects of the prosthesis on dose distributions were investigated by measuring and comparing dose maps and profiles. The magnitude of dose perturbations was quantified by calculating dose enhancement and reduction factors using field sizes of 3 × 3, 5 × 5, 10 × 10, and 15 × 15 cm2. For the studied beams and field sizes, dose enhancements between 21 and 30% and dose reductions between 15 and 21% were observed at the nylon‐prosthesis interface on the proximal and distal sides of the prosthesis for film measurements. The dose escalation increases with beam energy, and the dose reduction due to attenuation decreases with increasing beam energy when compared to unattenuated beam data. A comparison of film and XiO depth doses for the studied fields gave relative errors between 1.1 and 23.2% at the proximal and distal interfaces of the Ti prosthesis. Also, relative errors < 4.0% were obtained between film and Monaco dose data outside the prosthesis for 6 and 15 MV lateral opposing fields.
A novel approach to solve the split delivery vehicle routing problem

The split delivery vehicle routing problem (SDVRP) is a relaxed version of the classic capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP). Customer demands are allowed to split among vehicles. This problem is computationally challenging and the state-of-the-art heuristics are often complicated to describe and difficult to implement, and usually have long computing times. All these hinder their application by practitioners to solve real-world problems. We propose a novel, efficient, and easily implemented approach to solve the SDVRP using an a priori split strategy, that is, each customer demand is split into small pieces in advance. Our computational experiments on 82 benchmark instances show that our algorithm is overall much more efficient and produces results that are comparable to those from the state-of-the-art approaches.
Physician preference motivates the use of anti–tumor necrosis factor therapy independent of clinical disease activity

Physician preference has previously been shown to be an important determinant of prescription patterns, independent of patient‐specific factors. We evaluated whether physician preference was important in the decision to select anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) therapy rather than nonbiologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients initiating a new RA medication.
Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms for energy and service level scheduling in a federation of distributed datacenters

This article studies the application of multiobjective evolutionary algorithms for solving the energy-aware scheduling problem of workflows in a distributed system that is composed by a federation of datacenters. Nowadays, energy efficiency is a major concern when using large distributed computing systems, including novel grid and cloud computing facilities. Researchers and system planners are looking for accurate methods to be used for planning the execution of large workloads that consume large amounts of resources, having a direct implications for the energy consumption of the system and its operational costs. In the approach proposed in this article, we study the application of multiobjective evolutionary algorithms combined with lowlevel backfilling heuristics for finding efficient mappings of workflows into resources in order to maximize several metrics related to the quality of service, while reducing the energy required for computation. The experimental evaluation is performed considering both medium and large workloads that model realistic highperformance computing applications and modern distributed computing infrastructures. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed multiobjective evolutionary approaches compute accurate schedules, significantly outperforming both traditional round-robin/load-balancing schedulers and a set of combined list scheduling heuristics (accounting for both problem objectives) previously applied to the problem.
Applying queueing theory to the study of emergency department operations: a survey and a discussion of comparable simulation studies

Queueing models are important tools for the design and management of emergency departments (EDs). In this survey, we examine the contributions of queueing theory (QT) in modeling EDs and assess the strengths and limitations of this application. We include a direct comparison to discrete-event simulation when applied to similar problems, and discuss data acquisition and challenges associated with each method. Specifically, we review applications of QT from the perspective of demand- and supply-side problems, as well as various methodological innovations developed to address the complexities of ED operations. In reviewing relevant articles published since 1970, we found that queueing models tend to oversimplify operations and underestimate congestion levels (especially for smaller systems), and obtain less realistic results than comparable simulation models. The combination of queueing and simulation is shown to be a powerful approach. Future efforts should exploit this and more widely available real-world data.
The Feline Patient: Essentials of Diagnosis and Treatment

Clinical Presentations Alopecia of the Trunk Anemia Anorexia Arrhythmias Ascites Cardiopulmonary Arrest Cervical Ventroflexion Constipation/Obstipation Coughing Diarrhea Draining Tracts and Nodules Dyspnea Dystocia Dysuria/Pollakiuria Fever Icterus Kidneys: Abnormal Size Murmurs Nasal Discharge Obesity Pleural Effusion Polyphagic Weight Loss Polyuria/Polydipsia Seizures Vomiting Weight Loss Diseases Acetaminophen Toxicosis Acne Acromegaly Amyloidosis Anal Sac Impaction and Infection Aortic Stenosis Aspirin Toxicosis Asthma Atopy Basal Cell Tumor Bartonellosis Blastomycosis Chronic Renal Disease Chylothorax Cobalamin Deficiency Coccidioidomycosis Coccidiosis Corneal Ulcer/Keratitis Cryptococcosis Cytauxzoonosis Dermatophytosis Diabetes Mellitus/Ketoacidosis Diabetes Mellitus/Uncomplicated Diaphragmatic Hernia Digital Diseases Dilated Cardiomyopathy Ear Mites Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex Ethylene Glycol Toxicity Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Feline Infectious Peritonitis Feline Leukemia Virus Disease Fight Wound Infections Fleas Flea Allergic Dermatitis Food Allergy Giardiasis Gingivitis/Stomatitis/Pharyngitis Glomerulonephritis Heartworm Disease Helicobacter Infection Hemobartonellosis Hepatic Lipidosis High-Rise Syndrome Histoplasmosis Hookworms Horner's Syndrome Hydronephrosis Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Hypertension, Systemic Hyperthyroidism Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Hypokalemia Immune Mediated Skin Diseases Inflammatory Bowel Disease Inflammatory Hepatitis Ischemic Encephalopathy Linear Foreign Body Liver, Biliary, and Pancreatic Flukes Lower Urinary Tract Disease, Idiopathic Lungworms Lymphoma Mast Cell Tumors Mammary Gland Neoplasia Mammary Hyperplasia Mast Cell Tumors Megacolon Meningioma Methemoglobinemia and Heinz Body Hemolytic Anemia Mitral Valve Dysplasia Nasal and Frontal Sinus Infections Nasopharyngeal Polyps Nocardiosis Odontoclastic Resorptive Lesions Oral Neoplasia Organophosphate and Carbamate Toxicosis Otitis Externa Otitis Media and Interna Pancreatitis - Acute Pancreatitis - Chronic Panleukopenia (Feline Infectious Enteritis) Panniculitis Patent Ductus Arteriosus Pectus Excavatum Pneumothorax Polycystic Kidney Disease Portosystemic Shunt Pulmonic Stenosis Pyelonephritis Pyometra Pyothorax Pyrethrin and Pyrethroid Toxicosis Rabies Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Rodenticide Toxicosis Roundworms Salmonellosis Skin Fragility Syndrome Skin Parasites Squamous Cell Carcinoma - Cutaneous Stomach Worms Stud Tail Tapeworm Infections Tetralogy of Fallot Thiamine Deficiency Thromboembolic Disease Toxoplasmosis Triad Disease Trichobezoars Upper Respiratory Infections Urolithiasis Vaccinosarcoma (Vaccine-Related Sarcoma) Ventricular Septal Defects Vestibular Syndrome Vitamin A Toxicosis Vitamin D Toxicosis Clinical Procedures Bone Marrow Aspiration Central Venous Catheter Placement Cerebrospinal Fluid Collection via Atlanto-occipital Space Fine Needle Biopsy Jugular Blood Collection Orogastric Tu
Validity of ultrasonography and measures of adult shoulder function and reliability of ultrasonography in detecting shoulder synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using magnetic resonance imaging as a gold standard

To assess the intra‐ and interobserver reproducibility of musculoskeletal ultrasonography (US) in detecting inflammatory shoulder changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and to determine the agreement between US and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a gold standard.
Serum uric acid and risk of occupational disability: Findings from a cohort study of male construction workers in Germany

The role of serum uric acid (UA) as an independent risk factor for several health outcomes remains controversial. However, given the accumulating evidence that UA is related to predictors of occupational disability such as obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, UA may represent a relevant risk indicator for occupational disability, which has emerged as an important public health problem.
BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS

CONCLUSION: In the nearly 5 years since the original article, research has confirmed that the majority of breast cancer survivors demonstrate a pattern of recovery after treatment. Age, information, social support, degree of symptom distress, and unmet psychological needs remain key factors influencing psychosocial functioning and QOL outcomes. More knowledge has been disseminated about the experience of the transition to survivorship, women’s perceived identity, and the potential benefits of survivorship plans to patient outcomes.
Isolation of cloned Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase lacking ribonuclease H activity

Retroviral reverse transcriptase possesses DNA polymerase and ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity within a single polypeptide. Chemical or proteolytic treatment of reverse transcriptase has been used in the past to produce enzyme that is missing DNA polymerase activity and retains RNase H activity. It has not been possible to obtain reverse transcriptase that lacks RNase H but retains DNA polymerase activity. We have constructed a novel deletion derivative of the cloned Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MLV) reverse transcriptase gene, expressed the gene in E. coli, and purified the protein to near homogeneity. The purified enzyme has a fully active DNA polymerase, but has no detectable RNase H activity. These results are consistent with, but do not prove, the conclusion that the DNA polymerase and RNase H activities of M-MLV reverse transcriptase reside within separate structural domains.
A descriptive cross‐sectional international study to explore current practices in the assessment, prevention and treatment of skin tears

This study presents the results of a descriptive, cross‐sectional, online international survey in order to explore current practices in the assessment, prediction, prevention and treatment of skin tears (STs). A total of 1127 health care providers (HCP) from 16 countries completed the survey. The majority of the respondents (69·6%, n = 695) reported problems with the current methods for the assessment and documentation of STs with an overwhelming majority (89·5%, n = 891) favouring the development of a simplified method of assessment. Respondents ranked equipment injury during patient transfer and falls as the main causes of STs. The majority of the samples indicated that they used non‐adhesive dressings (35·89%, n = 322) to treat a ST, with the use of protective clothing being the most common method of prevention. The results of this study led to the establishment of a consensus document, classification system and a tool kit for use by practitioners. The authors believe that this survey was an important first step in raising the global awareness of STs and to stimulate discussion and research of these complex acute wounds.
Mutational analysis of the contribution of sequence motifs within the IgH enhancer to tissue specific transcriptional activation

We have investigated the role of sequence motifs in the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) enhancer on its activity in myeloma and fibroblast cell-lines. In transient transfection assays the transcription stimulatory activity of the enhancer is decreased in myeloma cells by mutating the E motifs 1, 2 and 3, the core motifs C1, C2, C3 and the octamer motif (OC) and in fibroblasts by mutating E2, E3, and C2. Our results suggest that transcription factors binding to E1, C1, C3 and OC contribute in a positive manner to the tissue specificity of the IgH enhancer.
Lactic acid bacterial symbionts in honeybees – an unknown key to honey's antimicrobial and therapeutic activities

Could honeybees' most valuable contribution to mankind besides pollination services be alternative tools against infections? Today, due to the emerging antibiotic‐resistant pathogens, we are facing a new era of searching for alternative tools against infections. Natural products such as honey have been applied against human's infections for millennia without sufficient scientific evidence. A unique lactic acid bacterial (LAB) microbiota was discovered by us, which is in symbiosis with honeybees and present in large amounts in fresh honey across the world. This work investigates if the LAB symbionts are the source to the unknown factors contributing to honey's properties. Hence, we tested the LAB against severe wound pathogens such as methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus (VRE) among others. We demonstrate a strong antimicrobial activity from each symbiont and a synergistic effect, which counteracted all the tested pathogens. The mechanisms of action are partly shown by elucidating the production of active compounds such as proteins, fatty acids, anaesthetics, organic acids, volatiles and hydrogen peroxide. We show that the symbionts produce a myriad of active compounds that remain in variable amounts in mature honey. Further studies are now required to investigate if these symbionts have a potential in clinical applications as alternative tools against topical human and animal infections.
Radiologic Study of Ischiopubic Index of Urhobos and Itsekiris of Nigeria

The study was designed to determine and compare the pubic length, ischial length and ischiopubic indices amongst Urhobos and Itsekiris. The parameters were measured from radiographs obtained from the Radiology department of Delta State University Teaching Hospital (DELSUTH), Oghara and Capitol Hill Clinic, Warri both in Delta State, Nigeria. Anteroposterior radiographs of 93 adult pelvis (age range, 18 years and above) were evaluated. 66 of the radiographs were those of Urhobos (36 males and 30 females), while 27 were those of Itsekiris (13 males and 14 females). The morphological measurements were the pubic length, ischial length and ischiopubic index. The mean values for pubic length, ischial length and ischiopubic index for Urhobo males were 78.51±12.4mm, 85.58±11.6mm and 91.66±5.86 respectively while those of their females was 92.39±7.08mm, 81.97±12.00mm and 114.93±18.14 respectively. The mean values for pubic length, ischial length and ischiopubic index for Itsekiri males were 82.20±10.62mm, Original Research Article Oladipo et al.; BJMMR, 5(9): 1114-1120, 2015; Article no.BJMMR. 2015.125 1115 83.84±10.82mm and 98.40±9.37 respectively while those of their females was 92.05±6.36mm, 85.03±14.59mm and 111.03±18.37 respectively. There were significant data for male and female pubic length and ischiopubic indices both in Urhobos and Itsekiris. The demarking point of ischiopubic index was more useful in sex determination assigning sex to 78.6% Itsekiri females (p<0, 05). The accurate determination of sex and race are important tools to forensic scientists and physical and clinical anthropologists. Thus, this study is important as it has provided the necessary data for Nigerian population under investigation. The data is recommended to obstetricians, physical and clinical anthropologist and forensic scientists.
Isokinetic profile and differences in tibial rotation strength between male and female athletes 11 to 17 years of age

Our objective was to examine age and sex associated development of isokinetic tibial rotation strength in 94 athletes aged 11 to 17 y. A calibrated Biodex system 3 was used to measure internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) peak torque and time to peak torque (TPT) at 120 ◦ /s and 180 ◦ /s, and knee extension and flexion peak torque at 180 ◦ /s. All data were normalized for body weight and ANOVA identified significant ( p< 0.05) effects of lower limb dominance, age and gender. Males aged 14 to 17 y had significantly greater mean IR, ER, flexion, and extension peak torques than males aged 11 to 13 y. No such age-related effect existed in females. There was no difference between genders aged 11 to 13 y in isokinetic strength. Males aged 14 to 17 y had on average 17% greater IR strength, 28% faster time to reach IR peak torque, 17% greater extension strength, and 20% greater knee flexion strength than age-matched females. To conclude, no sex differences were found in peak torque or TPT in knee IR, ER, extension or flexion in athletes 11 to 13 y. Age related changes were found in these factors in males, but not in females.
Comparing the Meggitt‐Wagner and the University of Texas wound classification systems for diabetic foot ulcers: inter‐observer analyses

Accurate classification of diabetic foot ulcers is essential for inter‐clinician communication, assessment of healing tendency and determination of treatment options. The aim of this study was to assess the inter‐observer agreement (IOA) of the most commonly used classification systems for diabetic foot ulcers; the Meggitt‐Wagner (MW) and the University of Texas (UT) systems. In this study, 95 clinicians judged digital photographs of diabetic foot ulcers in various stages of healing. Wound depth was classified along the grades of the MW and the UT systems. IOA of the MW and UT systems was only moderate among the clinicians. This moderate agreement demonstrates that the MW and the UT systems appear not to be useful as single instrument and should always be used in combination with additional clinical information to avoid erroneous interpretations.
Improved wound management at lower cost: a sensible goal for Australia

Chronic wounds cost the Australian health system at least US$2·85 billion per year. Wound care services in Australia involve a complex mix of treatment options, health care sectors and funding mechanisms. It is clear that implementation of evidence‐based wound care coincides with large health improvements and cost savings, yet the majority of Australians with chronic wounds do not receive evidence‐based treatment. High initial treatment costs, inadequate reimbursement, poor financial incentives to invest in optimal care and limitations in clinical skills are major barriers to the adoption of evidence‐based wound care. Enhanced education and appropriate financial incentives in primary care will improve uptake of evidence‐based practice. Secondary‐level wound specialty clinics to fill referral gaps in the community, boosted by appropriate credentialing, will improve access to specialist care. In order to secure funding for better services in a competitive environment, evidence of cost‐effectiveness is required. Future effort to generate evidence on the cost‐effectiveness of wound management interventions should provide evidence that decision makers find easy to interpret. If this happens, and it will require a large effort of health services research, it could be used to inform future policy and decision‐making activities, reduce health care costs and improve patient outcomes.
Candida albicans colonisation, continence status and incontinence‐associated dermatitis in the acute care setting: a pilot study

Candida albicans is the most prevalent human fungal commensal organism and is reported to be the most frequent aetiological organism responsible for infection associated with incontinence‐associated dermatitis. However, it remains unclear whether incontinence predisposes a patient to increased Candida colonisation or whether incontinence acts as a trigger for Candida infection in those already colonised. The purpose of this observational cross‐sectional study was to estimate colonisation rates of C. albicans in continent, compared to incontinent patients, and patients with incontinence‐associated dermatitis. Data were collected on 81 inpatients of a major Australian hospital and included a pelvic skin inspection and microbiological specimens to detect C. Albicans at hospital admission. The mean age of the sample was 76 years (SD = 12.22) with 53% being male. Incontinent participants (n = 53) had a non‐significant trend towards greater Candida colonisation rates at the perianal site (43% versus 28%) χ2(1, N = 81) = 4·453, p = ·638 and the inguinal site (24% versus 14%) χ2(1, N = 81) = 6·868, p = ·258 compared to continent patients (n = 28). The incontinent subgroup with incontinence‐associated dermatitis (n = 22) showed no difference in colonisation rates compared to those without incontinence‐associated dermatitis. Understanding the epidemiology of colonisation may have implications for the prevention of Candida infection in these patients.