Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EWAS WORKING PAPER SERIES THE CONCEPT OF WELLBEING AND ITS APPLICATION IN A STUDY OF AGEING IN AOTEAROA NEW ZEALAND

The concept of wellbeing is widely used in social and economic research, including ageing research, but not always with a clear definition or understanding of what constitutes wellbeing. A considerable body of literature has developed aimed at clarifying the concept of wellbeing and identifying its constituents. Underlying this literature are two contrasting perspectives: one in which wellbeing is associated with the satisfaction of desires or preferences (hedonic), and the other in which it is associated with the life activities in which people engage (eudaimonic). The latter perspective is consistent with the capabilities approach to wellbeing that is proposed by Amartya Sen and has been further developed and adapted by Martha Nussbaum and others. In the EWAS study, wellbeing has been conceptualised broadly and linked very closely to a person's location and functioning in society, with considerable attention being paid to their transactional, social and recreational relationships with kin and non-kin. This paper locates the conceptualisation underlying the EWAS study within the wider literature on wellbeing, with particular reference to Sen’s capabilities approach and its variants. Following a detailed discussion of the concept of wellbeing, the paper outlines relevant New Zealand focused research that addresses the issue of wellbeing to varying extents, and indicate how this study fits into and supplements the existing body of research. The paper identifies the capabilities basis of the EWAS study and outlines its application in the research instruments being developed for the study. Finally, the paper discusses elements of best practice in ageing research that have been gleaned from several major research programmes into ageing that have been carried out in Europe, North America, and the Middle-East.
Impact of Urbanization on CO 2 Emissions : Regional Differences Based on Panel Estimation

This study analysed the impact of urbanization and the level of economic development on energy-related CO2 emissions using the STIRPAT model and provincial panel data from 1995 to 2011 for China. This study classifies the 29 provinces of China into groups according to their economic development levels and examined regional differences in the environmental impacts of urbanization. The results demonstrated that there was an inverted U-curve-shaped relationship between urbanization and CO2 emissions in the major regions of China. However, we did not confirm the environmental Kuznets Curve relationship between income and CO2 emissions in China, where CO2 emissions increase monotonically with income. Among our contributions is the classification of the 29 provinces of China into three groups according to their economic development levels, which showed that the impacts of urbanization differ considerably. In two of the groups, a threshold level was identified, beyond which the emission-urbanization elasticity was negative and further increases in the urbanization rate did not contribute to higher emissions. However, for the third group only population and affluence, but not urbanization, helped to explain emissions. Therefore, the different impacts of urbanization on CO2 emissions should be taken into consideration in future discussions of climate change policies. Nat. Env. & Poll. Tech. Website: www.neptjournal. com Received: 5-5-2014 Accepted: 6-7-2014
The Numerical Results of a Study of Different Materials by Local Radial Point Interpolation Method ( LRPIM )

In this paper, the LRPIM meshless method is used for the numerical implementation of the equations of an elastostatic 2D plate problem based on the local Petrov Galerkin method formulation and by using two radial basis functions (RBFs) are: Multi-Quadratic(MQ) and Thin Plate Spline(TPS). We studied the effect of sizing parameters of sub-domains and the parameters of RBFs functions on the accuracy and convergence of the LRPIM method by using the regular distribution of nodes for different materials and by comparison with analytical results and that available from the literatures.
Enhancement of frequency-tunability for a Smith-Purcell free-electron laser oscillator in the millimeter-wave region

The frequency-tunability for a Smith-Purcell free-electron laser oscillator in the millimeter wave region is enhanced with the aid of a quasi-periodic distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) made of metallic waveguide gratings with rectangular grooves. For a quasi-periodic DBR, the grating parameters are adjusted by means of genetic algorithms to get the desired reflection coefficient, thus compensating for the frequency dependence of the overall output characteristics. For a typical numerical example, flat output characteristics have been obtained over 10% bandwidth around the center frequency 121 GHz
AMeta-analysis of Universal Mental Health Prevention Programs for Higher Education Students

This meta-analysis investigated the effectiveness of universal mental health prevention programs for higher education students on a range of adjustment outcomes. A systematic literature search identified 103 controlled published and unpublished interventions involving college, graduate, or professional students. As hypothesized, skill-training programs that included a supervised practice component were significantly more effective overall (mean effect size=0.45, confidence interval (CI)=0.39 to 0.52) compared to skill-training programs without supervised practice (0.11, CI=−0.01 to 0.22) and psychoeducational (information-only) programs (0.13, CI=0.06 to 0.21). When comparisons on specific outcomes were possible, skill-training programs including supervised practice were significantly more effective than the other two groups of programs in reducing symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and general psychological distress, and in improving social-emotional skills, self-perceptions, and academic behaviors and performance. The magnitude of effects achieved in several outcome areas is comparable to or higher than that reported in other reviews of universal programs, suggesting that skill-training programs for higher education students that incorporate supervised practice now join the ranks of other effective preventive mental health interventions. This review offers several recommendations to improve the experimental rigor of future research.
Diagnostic Significance of Cancer‐ Associated Carbohydrate Antigen (CA 19‐9) Concentrations in Pancreatic Juice: Analysis in Pure Pancreatic Juice Collected by Endoscopic Aspiration and Immunohistochemical Study in Chronic Pancreatitis

This study evaluated the diagnostic significance of concentrations of the cancer-associated carbohydrate antigen CA 19–9 in pure pancreatic juice (PPJ) collected by endoscopic cannulation. We also attempted to elucidate the features and source of the increased CA 19–9 concentration found in the pancreatic juice of patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) by means of immunohistochemical staining. The mean output as well as the mean concentration of CA 19–9 in each of the four fractions collected was highest in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) and also was elevated significantly in patients with CP compared with controls. However, CA 19–9 concentrations were not elevated in patients with cholecystolithiasis. When the cutoff value was set as the mean concentration + 2SD of the controls, significantly elevated concentrations of CA 19–9 were found in the third fraction (secretory phase) in 90% of the patients with PC and 66% of the patients with CP. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that CA 19–9 was expressed more widely in the ductal cells of CP tissues than in those of normal pancreatic (NP) tissues, with CP tissue showing more CA 19–9-positive ductal cells per area than NP tissues. In NP tissue, CA 19–9 was localized to the apical surface and supranuclear regions (apical type) in all the ductal cells stained by the antigen, while ∼50% of cases with CP exhibited a cytoplasmic pattern showing a loss of polarity of the antigen expression. Moreover, this cellular localization pattern was more pronounced in the small ducts that had proliferated and aggregated following the destruction of lobules in CP. These results indicate that although increased concentrations of CA 19–9 in PPJ have no cancer specificity, measurement of CA 19–9 in PPJ can be used as a sensitive marker for some pancreatic disorders, and higher CA 19–9 concentrations in the pancreatic juice of patients with CP may reflect the strong expression of CA 19–9 in the proliferating small ducts associated with CP.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of onion ( A llium Cepa L . )

A field experiment was carried out in Randomized Block Design with three replications and eight treatments combinations including control. The combination of organic, inorganic and bio-fertilizer is giving good results. They have increased the height of plant, Number of leaves, Length of leaves, Polar diameter, Equatorial diameter, Neck thickness, Number of scales, Total soluble solids and ultimately Yield/ha (in quintal) in onion. The application of integrated nutrients viz inorganic, organic, FYM @ 15 tons/ha and bio-fertilizer T 8 (NPK+ FYM + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria,) is suitable for commercial cultivation of onion under central U.P. condition.
Risk and the strategy of foreign location choice in regulated industries

We argue that firms in regulated industries react to macroeconomic and policy risks in sharply different ways. While they seek to avoid countries with high levels of macroeconomic uncertainty, we predict that they find it more attractive to expand into countries characterized by governments with discretionary policymaking capacities so as to be able to negotiate favorable conditions of entry. We also argue that firms are heterogeneous in their attitudes toward risk. We predict that firms in which the state holds a partial equity stake exhibit a more tolerant attitude. We also expect that as firms accumulate foreign experience, they develop an aversion toward further foreign entries into politically unstable markets. Support for these predictions is provided by an analysis of the Latin American market entries of all listed Spanish firms in regulated industries between 1987 and 2000. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Breast cancer and other second neoplasms after childhood Hodgkin's disease.

BACKGROUND Patients who survive Hodgkin's disease are at increased risk for second neoplasms. As survival times increase, solid tumors are emerging as a serious long-term complication. METHODS The Late Effects Study Group followed a cohort of 1380 children with Hodgkin's disease to determine the incidence of second neoplasms and the risk factors associated with them. RESULTS In this cohort, there were 88 second neoplasms as compared with 4.4 expected in the general population (standardized incidence ratio, 18.1; 95 percent confidence interval, 14.3 to 22.3). The estimated actuarial incidence of any second neoplasm 15 years after the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease was 7.0 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 5.2 to 8.8 percent); the incidence of solid tumors was 3.9 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 2.3 to 5.5 percent). Breast cancer was the most common solid tumor (standardized incidence ratio 75.3; 95 percent confidence interval, 44.9 to 118.4), with an estimated actuarial incidence in women that approached 35 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 17.4 to 52.6 percent) by 40 years of age. Older age (10 to 16 vs. <10 years) at the time of radiation treatment (relative risk, 1.9) and a higher dose (2000 to 4000 vs. <2000 cGy) of radiation (relative risk, 5.9) were associated with significantly increased risk of breast cancer. The estimated actuarial incidence of leukemia reached a plateau of 2.8 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 0.8 to 4.8 percent) 14 years after diagnosis. Treatment with alkylating agents, older age at the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease, recurrence of Hodgkin's disease, and a late stage of disease at diagnosis were risk factors for leukemia. CONCLUSIONS The risk of solid tumors, especially breast cancer, is high among women who were treated with radiation for childhood Hodgkin's disease. Systematic screening for breast cancer could be important in the health care of such women.
ii Multiplicative and Affine Poisson Structures on Lie Groups

In this dissertation, we study two special classes of Poisson structures of Lie groups, namely multiplicative and affine Poisson structures. A Lie group equipped with a multiplicative Poisson structure is called a Poisson Lie group. Starting with a review of the basic properties of Poisson Lie groups already known to Drinfel’d and Semenov-Tian-Shansky, we develop the theory of Poisson actions by Poisson Lie groups and their momentum mappings. We show how to carry out the usual Marsden-Weinstein symplectic reduction in this general setting. A construction of symplectic groupoids for Poisson Lie groups is given. Affine Poisson structures are more general then multiplicative ones, but they also have very simple properties. For example, it is already known to Dazord and Sondaz that their symplectic leaves are orbits of the “dressing actions”. We show that the dressing actions are Poisson actions; their Poisson cohomology can be realized as Lie algebra cohomology of their dual Lie algebras, and their symplectic groupoids can be constructed in a systematical way. On the other hand, affine Poisson structures on a given Lie group G define an equivalence relation between multiplicative Poisson structures on G. They also serve as the target Poisson structures for (not necessarily equivariant) momentum mappings.
Functional Optical Brain Imaging Using Near-Infrared During Cognitive Tasks

A symbiotic relation between the operator and the operational environment can be realized by an advanced computing platform designed to understand and adapt to the cognitive and the physiological state of the user, especially during sensitive and cognitively demanding operations. The success of such a complex system depends not only on the efficacy of the individual components, but also on the efficient and appropriate integration of its parts. Because near infrared technology allows the design of portable, safe, affordable, and negligibly intrusive monitoring systems, the functional near infrared (fNIR) monitoring of brain hemodynamics can be of value in this type of complex system, particularly in helping to understand the cognitive and emotional state of the user during mentally demanding operations. This article presents the deployment and statistical analysis of fNIR spectroscopy for the purpose of cognitive state assessment while the user performs a complex task. This article is based on data collected during the Augmented Cognition-Technical Integration Experiment session. The experimental protocol for this session used a complex task, resembling a video game, called the Warship Commander Task (WCT). The WCT was designed to approximate naval air warfare management. Task difficulty and task load were manipulated by changing the following: (a) the number of airplanes that had to be managed at a given time, (b) the number of unknown (vs. known) airplane identities, and (c) the presence or absence of an auditory memory task. The fNIR data analysis explored the following: (a) the relations among cognitive workload, the participant's performance, and changes in blood oxygenation levels of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; and (b) the effect of divided attention as manipulated by the secondary component of the WCT (the auditory task). The primary hypothesis was that blood oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex, as assessed by fNIR, would rise with increasing task load and would demonstrate a positive correlation with performance measures. The results indicated that the rate of change in blood oxygenation was significantly sensitive to task load changes and correlated fairly well with performance variables.
Assessing the User Resistance to Recommender Systems in Exhibition

Under the paradigm shift toward smart tourism, the exhibition industry is making efforts to introduce innovative technologies that can provide more diverse and valuable experiences to attendees. However, various new information technologies have failed in a market in practice due to the user’s resistance against it. Since innovative technology, such as booth recommender systems (BRS), is changing, creating uncertainty among consumers, consumer’s resistance to innovative technology can be considered a normal reaction. Therefore, it is important for a company to understand the psychological aspect of the consumer’s resistance and make measures to overcome the resistance. Accordingly, based on the model of Kim and Kankanhalli (2009), by applying the perceived value, the technology acceptance model, and the status quo bias theory, this study focused on the importance of self-efficacy and technical support in the context of using BRS. To do this purpose, a total of 455 survey data that was collected from “Korea franchise exhibition” attendees were used to analyze the proposed model. Structural equation modeling was applied for data analysis. The result shows that perceived value was affected by relative advantage and switching cost, also switching cost reduced the perceived value. However, self-efficacy reduced the switching cost, thereby decreasing the resistance of exhibition attendees. In addition, technical support increased the relative advantage switching cost and the perceived value. Exhibition attendee’s resistance was significantly negatively affected by perceived value, and positively affected by switching cost. The results will provide balanced viewpoints between the relative advantage and switching cost for exhibition marketers, helping to strengthen the competitiveness in terms of sustainable tourism of exhibition.
Ciliatoxic components in cigarette smoke. III. In vitro comparison of different smoke components

The eulamellibranch gill technique shows by in vitro studies that cigarette smoke is a ciliastatic agent. This technique, which measures primarily the acute effect of volatile components in cigarette smoke, also shows that there is a different ciliatoxicity between filtered and nonfiltered cigarette smoke and that some cigarette filter media are more effective than others in reducing volatile components.
Capital Adequacy : A Financial Soundness Indicator for Banks

A strong banking infrastructure plays a major role in supporting economic activity and meeting the financial needs of all the sections of society and thus contributed in the overall growth of the country. For the smooth flow of credit in an economy, it is essential that banks should be financially sound so as to meet the various requirements of other fields. Capital adequacy ratio (CAR) is one of the measures which ensure the financial soundness of banks in absorbing a reasonable amount of loss. Capital adequacy requirements have existed for a long time, but the two most important are those specified by the Basel committee of the Bank for International Settlements. This study highlights the various components of regulatory capital and outlines the basics of Basel’s norms in respect to minimum capital requirements for banks. Moreover, the study analyzed the trend in CAR values for top 10 scheduled commercial banks in India. The study found out that ICICI bank maintained the highest CAR while Bank of India accounted the least position.
The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Family Therapy on Parenting Style , Family Function and Social

The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral family therapy on parenting style, family function andadaptation of adolescents with behavioral problems. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test. To this end, 24 adolescents with behavioral problems with their parents or socialization problems with their parents were selected as the main samples using the convenient and targeted sampling method, and then were divided into two groups of 12 with their parents. The experimental group participated in the training program, but the control group did not receive any training. The program was held in 16 sessions. The instruments used in this study were California Personality Inventory (1939), Baumrind Parenting Style Questionnaire (1973) and McMaster Family Valuation Device (1960). To analyze the data, multivariate covariance analysis was used. The results of this study showed 1 Distinguished Professor, Psychology of Exceptional Children Department, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran ,Tehran, Iran 2 Assistant Professor, Psychologyof Exceptional Children Department, Faculty of Psychologyand Educational Sciences, University of Tehran,Tehran, Iran 3 PhD student, Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Disability income, cocaine use, and repeated hospitalization among schizophrenic cocaine abusers--a government-sponsored revolving door?

BACKGROUND Many patients with serious mental illness are addicted to drugs and alcohol. This comorbidity creates additional problems for the patients and for the clinicians, health care systems, and social-service agencies that provide services to this population. One problem is that disability income, which many people with serious mental illness receive to pay for basic needs, may facilitate drug abuse. In this study, we assessed the temporal patterns of cocaine use, psychiatric symptoms, and psychiatric hospitalization in a sample of schizophrenic patients receiving disability income. METHODS We evaluated 105 male patients with schizophrenia and cocaine dependence at the time of their admission to the hospital. They had severe mental illness and a long-term dependence on cocaine, with repeated admissions to psychiatric hospitals; many were homeless. The severity of psychiatric symptoms and urinary concentrations of the cocaine metabolite benzoylecgonine were evaluated weekly for 15 weeks. RESULTS Cocaine use, psychiatric symptoms, and hospital admissions all peaked during the first week of the month, shortly after the arrival of the disability payment, on the first day. The average patient spent nearly half his total income on illegal drugs. CONCLUSIONS Among cocaine-abusing schizophrenic persons, the cyclic pattern of drug use strongly suggests that it is influenced by the monthly receipt of disability payments. The consequences of this cycle include the depletion of funds needed for housing and food, exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms, more frequent psychiatric hospitalization, and a high rate of homelessness. The troubling irony is that income intended to compensate for the disabling effects of severe mental illness may have the opposite effect.