Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMPARING THE EFFECT OF ACTIVE AND EXPECTANT MANAGEMENTS OF THE SECOND STAGE OF LABOR ON PERINEAL STATUS

Introduction: Pregnancy and parturition process affects considerably the society’s health. Female genital injuries caused by vaginal parturition are very prevalent. This study aims at comparing active and expectant managements of the second stage of labor on frequency of perineal injuries and using episiotomy, as a solution. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, a total of 160 qualified pregnant women, diagnosed by a qualified physician, were divided into one of two groups, expectant management group (experimental group, n=80) and active management group (control group, n =80). For the experimental group, in the second stage of labor, researcher did not touch the perineum before the baby’s head delivered and just supported the frontal area and urethra. For the control group, the researcher supported perineum using Ritgen Maneuver. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16, T-test, Fisher’s exact test and ChiSquared test. Results: In the experimental group, women’s perinea were significantly healthier than those of women in the control group (P<0.001) (38.8% vs. 10%); however, there was not a significant difference between two groups in terms of spontaneous rupture. Need to perform episiotomy in experimental group was 33.8%; whereas control group members’ need to episiotomy was 66. %, which it was a significant difference (P<0.001). Conclusion: The expectant management of the second stage of labor (perineal control with hand-off technqiue) is accompanied with fewer perineal injuries; therefore, it can be used as a safe technique by the birth centers.
Long-Term Effects of Brief Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Psychosis

A previous report explored the impact of a brief (four session) acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) intervention as compared with treatment as usual (TAU) on rehospitalization over 4 months in a sample of 80 inpatients with psychosis. The present study extended the follow-up period to 1 year and used a more sophisticated survival analysis to take previous hospitalization and length of the current hospitalization into account. Those in the ACT condition showed reduced hospitalization as compared to those in TAU at 4 months post discharge and again at 1 year post discharge. A test of proportionality of hazard showed that survival curves continued to diverge in the 5- to 12-month postdischarge period after adjusting for differences in the 0 to 4 month period. Future directions are discussed.
How Do Firms Finance Non-Primary Market Investments? Evidence from REITs

This study explores the impact of investment characteristics, mainly investment location relative to the firm's primary market, on financing choices by real estate investment trusts (REITs). Using a large sample of commercial property acquisitions, we show that REITs are 4â€“8% less likely to use secured (mortgage) debt when acquiring properties in their primary markets than elsewhere. The documented evidence supports a demandâ€ side story for the relation between investment characteristics and financing. Moreover, the evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that REITs avoid mortgage financing in their primary markets to preserve operational flexibility in those markets.
Application of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) to detect the genotoxic effect of heavy metals

This paper presents the results of a study on the influence of lead, copper, manganese and cadmium on DNA integrity in plant cells. Plants, as biological indicators, can measure the potential effects of pollutants when they are used to measure effects of heavy metals. The genotoxicity of heavy metals in kidney‐bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seedlings was subjected to RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) analysis. An RAPD ‘fingerprinting’ technique was used to detect DNA damage in the kidney‐bean seedlings treated with two selected heavy metals at concentrations of 150 and 350 mg·l−1. Polymorphisms became evident as the presence and/or absence of DNA fragments in treated samples compared with the untreated one. At 350 mg·l−1, a high number of both missing bands and new amplified fragment were observed. Results suggested that a qualitative measure reflecting changes in RAPD profiles were significantly affected at higher concentrations (350 mg·l−1) of the tested heavy metals. A total of 467 RAPD fragments in RAPD profiles were detected by using six random primers (decamers) and 224 of these fragments showed polymorphism. There was a distinct distance between the band patterns of treated plants and the control samples when the cluster method was applied. In addition, the result derived from numerical analysis revealed a considerable distance between the band pattern of the plant samples treated with 350 mg·l−1 heavy metals and the control sample. Finally, a comparison between untreated and treated genomes shows that RAPD analysis can be used to evaluate how the environmental pollutants modify the structure of DNA in living organisms.
Laparoscopic extravesical ureteral reimplantation (LEVUR): a systematic review.

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation is a feasible method for treating ureteral pathology with good preliminary results in the literature. In this study, we review medium term results for laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation and discuss current developments of this procedure. METHODS Medline and Embase databases were searched using relevant key terms to identify reports of paediatric laparoscopic extravesical ureteral reimplantation (LEVUR). Literature reviews, case reports, series of <3 children and adult studies (age >20 years) were excluded. RESULTS Five studies were assessed, overall, 69 LEVUR were performed in children. Despite different surgical technique, in all case the technique was respected. Patient demographics, preoperative symptoms, radiological imaging, complications, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Median success rate was 96%. Complications were reported in five cases. CONCLUSIONS This study is limited by the data given in the individual series: varied criteria used for patient selection and outcome as well as inconsistent pre- and post-operative imaging data precluded a meta-analysis. But it demonstrates that the laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation is an effective procedure with good medium-term results. We believe that in well selected patients this procedure will become an established treatment option.
Purification and characterization of NADP+-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase from scots pine . Evidence for different physiological roles of the enzyme in primary development

NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+-IDH; EC 1.1.1.42) is involved in the supply of 2-oxoglutarate for ammonia assimilation and glutamate synthesis in higher plants through the glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase (GS/GOGAT) cycle. Only one NADP+-IDH form of cytosolic localization was detected in green cotyledons of pine (Pinus spp.) seedlings. The pine enzyme was purified and exhibited molecular and kinetic properties similar to those described for NADP+-IDH from angiosperm, with a higher catalytic efficiency (10(5) M-1 s-1) than the deduced efficiencies for GS and GOGAT in higher plants. A polyclonal antiserum was raised against pine NADP+-IDH and used to assess protein expression in the seedlings. Steady-state levels of NADP+-IDH were coordinated with GS during seed germination and were associated with GS/GOGAT enzymes during chloroplast biogenesis, suggesting that NADP+-IDH is involved in the provision of carbon skeletons for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing molecules. However, a noncoordinated pattern of NADP+-IDH and GS/GOGAT was observed in advanced stages of cotyledon development and in the hypocotyl. A detailed analysis in hypocotyl sections revealed that NADP+-IDH abundance was inversely correlated with the presence of GS, GOGAT, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase but was associated with the differentiation of the organ. These results cannot be explained by the accepted role of the enzyme in nitrogen assimilation and strongly suggest that NADP+-IDH may have other, as-yet-unknown, biological functions.
Combined distributed temperature and strain sensor based on Brillouin loss in an optical fiber.

We present a novel distributed sensor that utilizes the temperature and strain dependence of the frequency at which the Brillouin loss is maximized in the interaction between a cw laser and a pulsed laser. With a 22-km sensing length, a strain resolution of 20 µ? and a temperature resolution of 2°C have been achieved with a spatial resolution of 5 m.
The thermic effect of sugar‐free Red Bull: Do the non‐caffeine bioactive ingredients in energy drinks play a role?

Consumption of energy drinks is increasing amongst athletes and the general public. By virtue of their bioactive ingredients (including caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone, and B‐group vitamins) and paucity of calories, sugar‐free “diet” versions of these drinks could be a useful aid for weight maintenance. Yet little is known about the acute influence of these drinks, and specifically the role of the cocktail of non‐caffeine ingredients, on resting energy expenditure (REE) and substrate oxidation. Therefore, the metabolic impact of sugar‐free Red Bull (sfRB) to a comparable amount of caffeine was compared.
A crabs' high‐order brain center resolved as a mushroom body‐like structure

The hypothesis of a common origin for high‐order memory centers in bilateral animals presents the question of how different brain structures, such as the vertebrate hippocampus and the arthropod mushroom bodies, are both structurally and functionally comparable. Obtaining evidence to support the hypothesis that crustaceans possess structures equivalent to the mushroom bodies that play a role in associative memories has proved challenging. Structural evidence supports that the hemiellipsoid bodies of hermit crabs, crayfish and lobsters, spiny lobsters, and shrimps are homologous to insect mushroom bodies. Although a preliminary description and functional evidence supporting such homology in true crabs (Brachyura) has recently been shown, other authors consider the identification of a possible mushroom body homolog in Brachyura as problematic. Here we present morphological and immunohistochemical data in Neohelice granulata supporting that crabs possess well‐developed hemiellipsoid bodies that are resolved as mushroom bodies‐like structures. Neohelice exhibits a peduncle‐like tract, from which processes project into proximal and distal domains with different neuronal specializations. The proximal domains exhibit spines and en passant‐like processes and are proposed here as regions mainly receiving inputs. The distal domains exhibit a “trauben”‐like compartmentalized structure with bulky terminal specializations and are proposed here as output regions. In addition, we found microglomeruli‐like complexes, adult neurogenesis, aminergic innervation, and elevated expression of proteins necessary for memory processes. Finally, in vivo calcium imaging suggests that, as in insect mushroom bodies, the output regions exhibit stimulus‐specific activity. Our results support the shared organization of memory centers across crustaceans and insects.
Chronic actinic dermatitis developing during narrowband UVB phototherapy for psoriasis

Report of a case A 73-year-old skin type IV Thai man presented to the Dermatology Clinic at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital with typical psoriasis involving approximately 10% of the body surface area. He did not show satisfactory response to topical treatments, including liquor carbonis detergens, corticosteroid, and calcipotriol. It was decided that narrowband UVB phototherapy might be a viable option; thus, he was put on the treatment commencing at 500mJ/cm, which then increased 20% per session starting in December 1999. After continuing NB-UVB for 8 sessions, at a dose of 1790mJ/cm, the patient developed eczematous lesions, consistent with phototoxicity, on the exposed skin. A review of the medications that the patient was taking at that point did not reveal any photosensitizing agents. The phototherapy was discontinued. Two weeks after discontinuing phototherapy, the lesions extended to involve the face and nape of the neck. Minimal erythema dose for broadband UVB (MED-UVB) was less than 10mJ/cm and MEDUVA was between 10 and 20 J/cm. Patch and photopatch testing, employing 5 J/cm of UVA, with European standard series revealed negative results to all test allergens. Antinuclear, anti-SS-A, and anti-SSB antibodies were all negative. Although skin biopsy was not performed, it was clear from the typical morphology, the distribution of the skin lesions in sun-exposed areas, as well as the characteristic phototesting results that the diagnosis was CAD. Azathioprine was started, but had to be discontinued shortly afterwards due to chest discomfort. Strict avoidance of sun exposures, topical steroid plus salicylic acid, liberal use of sunscreening agent, and oral antihistamine provided some symptomatic relief. Nine months after discontinuing NB-UVB phototherapy, his psoriasis became worse; thus, cyclosporine A was started at 200mg/day. This kept psoriasis in control and CAD improved dramatically. During the 3 years that he was seen, he had some episodes of exacerbation of his CAD and psoriasis, the former mostly associated with inadvertent sun exposures, which he later learned to avoid more strictly. Both CAD and psoriasis were well controlled with short courses of cyclosporine A or methotrexate.
Mutations in idiopathic cytopenia of undetermined significance assist diagnostics and correlate to dysplastic changes

Cytopenia is common in the elderly population and etiology may be difficult to assess. Here, we investigated the occurrence of mutations in patients with idiopathic cytopenia of undetermined significance and the usefulness in improving diagnostics. We included 60 patients with persistent cytopenia > 6 months without definite diagnosis of hematological neoplasm after routine assessment. Bone marrow material underwent a blinded morphology review and DNA was sequenced with a targeted 20 gene panel representing the most commonly mutated genes in myelodysplastic syndrome. Thirty seven (62%) patients carried at least one mutation at inclusion, and of these 95% carried a mutation in TET2, ASXL1, SRSF2, or DNMT3A. The most commonly mutated gene was TET2 observed in 43% of all patients. During one to eight years follow‐up seven patients progressed to a myeloid neoplasm and six of these had a detectable mutation at study entry. Median time to progression was 53 months (range 10–78), and at time of progression each patient had at least two mutations detected. Mutations in TP53 and NRAS were not present in patients at inclusion, but identified as secondary hits triggering progression. The morphology review was concordant in 68% of all cases, and 93% of the cases reclassified into the group “highly suspicious for MDS” had a mutation. All patients who had a concordant review “highly suspicious for MDS” had at least two mutations detected. Overall, we show that morphology examination is challenging in this heterogeneous group and targeted sequencing helps identify patients at risk of progression. Am. J. Hematol. 91:1234–1238, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High-Performance Fault-Tolerant VLSI Systems Using Micro Rollback

A technique called micro rollback, which allows most of the performance penalty for concurrent error detection to be eliminated, is presented. Detection is performed in parallel with the transmission of information between modules, thus removing the delay for detection from the critical path. Erroneous information may thus reach its destination module several clock cycles before an error indication. Operations performed on this erroneous information are undone using a hardware mechanism for fast rollback of a few cycles. The implementation of a VLSI processor capable of micro rollback is discussed, as well as several critical issues related to its use in a complete system. >
High‐grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the accessory parotid gland with distant metastases identified by 18F‐FDG PET‐CT

We report a rare case of a metastatic mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) arising from the accessory parotid gland in a 14‐year‐old male. In the pre‐surgical assessment, the MR and CT showed no other abnormalities apart from the primary lesion. The lesion was excised and confirmed as a high‐grade MEC. Four months later, he presented with a recurrence in his right temple. A 18F‐FDG PET‐CT showed distal metastases in cervical nodes and lungs. In view of the findings and poor prognosis of the patient, surgical intervention and radiotherapy were not given and palliative measures offered. This case shows the potential of molecular imaging with 18F‐FDG PET‐CT in these patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:395–397. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Broadening Application of Chemodenervation in X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism (Part I): Muscle Afferent Block Versus Botulinum Toxin-A in Cervical and Limb Dystonias

ABSTRACT Botulinum toxin (BoNT) is an established mainstay treatment for dystonia. However, its use, especially in developing countries, is significantly limited by its cost. Chemodenervation with muscle afferent block (MAB) using lidocaine-ethanol may provide a more cost-effective alternative to traditional BoNT injections. A study comparing MAB with BoNT type-A in cases of X-linked dystonia-Parkinsonism (XDP) having cervical dystonia indicated a modest and short-lived efficacy with MAB, while a more robust efficacy in dystonia and pain parameters, lasting up to 11 weeks, was observed in the two BoNT type-A preparations (Dysport® and Botox®). In another study comparing BoNT type-A formulations for limb dystonia of XDP, a prior MAB was used to select target muscles for toxin injection. During toxin injections in the limb muscles, Dysport® and Botox® did not show significant differences with regard to global severity and disability scales, duration of effect, and adverse event (AE) profile. Dysphagia was the most common AE following BoNT type-A injections in cervical dystonia, while weakness was the most frequent AE noted with injections for limb dystonia. MAB injections carried a high incidence of dizziness and pain during injections. However, because MAB is a more cost-effective alternative that can be given repeatedly, it has been used in the XDP population while awaiting funds for BoNT type-A and/or for selecting muscles for injection as a test drug.
Expression of a Constitutively Active Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Induces Process Formation in Rat PC12 Cells

It has been shown that inhibition of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase blocks neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells stimulated with nerve growth factor. To further assess the role of PI 3-kinase, the active form of PI 3-kinase was expressed in PC12 cells by the adenovirus mediated introduction of a site-specific recombinase, Cre. After expression of the active PI 3-kinase, elevation of the levels of PI 3,4-diphosphate and PI 3,4,5-trisphosphate as well as formation of neurite-like processes was observed. The process formation was inhibited by wortmannin, a selective inhibitor of PI 3-kinase, which suggests that a high activity of PI 3-kinase was responsible for the formation of these processes. The processes lacked accumulation of F-actin and GAP43 at the growth cone, which suggests that the processes were incomplete compared with neurites. Instead, the bundling of microtubules was enhanced, which suggests that organization of the microtubules might be driving the process of elongation in the cells expressing the active PI 3-kinase. Induction of active PI 3-kinase resulted in activation of Jun N-terminal kinase but not of mitogen-activated protein kinase or protein kinase B/Rac protein kinase/Akt. These results suggest that PI 3-kinase is involved in neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells and that activation of Jun N-terminal kinase cascade may be involved in the cell response.
Detection and molecular identification of human Giardia isolates in the West of Iran

Giardia lamblia, one of the most common intestinal protozoan pathogens worldwide, causes human gastrointestinal diseases. Because of its high prevalence and major impact on the patients’ quality of life, giardiasis has become one of the most important public health problems. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and assemblages of G. lamblia isolated from referred individuals to the medical laboratories in the center of Kurdistan province, West of Iran. Direct wet mount and formalin-ether sedimentation technique were applied for microscopy determination of Giardia infection in 1383 obtained stool samples. DNA was extracted from positive stool samples and amplified by Nested-PCR using specific primers of G. lamblia Trios phosphate isomerase (TPI) gene. Genotyping and assemblages was determined using sequence analysis of the TPI gene. Based on microscopic examination, out of the 1383 samples, 23 (1.66%) G. lamblia were detected. Genotyping data indicated 12 (52%) cases as assemblage a cluster, and 11 (48%) cases as assemblage B cluster. Molecular analysis in this study reveal that assemblages A and B are the most common types of human giardiasis in Kurdistan province and giardiasis could be a zoonosis disease. Molecular identification of Giardia isolates from animals and control programs is recommended to prevent the spreading of giardiasis in humans.
Lack of Association between Plasma Homocysteine and Inflammation in Psychogeriatric Patients

Background/Objectives: In previous studies we observed a high incidence of elevated plasma homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations in psychogeriatric patients. Plasma tHcy is increased in folate deficiency. Folates are sensitive to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, caused by inflammatory processes, could represent an endogenous reason for folate deficiency, even when the dietary intake of the vitamin is within the recommended range. It has been suggested that oxidative stress rather than insufficient folate intake causes hyperhomocysteinemia in different forms of psychogeriatric diseases. In the present study we investigated the association between plasma tHcy and C-reactive protein (CRP), a sensitive marker for inflammation, in psychogeriatric patients. Methods: Plasma tHcy, its main determinants, and CRP were measured in plasma and serum of 132 psychogeriatric patients (53 males and 79 females, mean age 75 ± 12 years). Results: In the psychogeriatric patients, plasma tHcy was elevated and blood folate and serum creatinine were lower than in control subjects, whereas serum CRP concentrations did not differ significantly. We also subdivided the psychogeriatric patients into different diagnosis groups, yet there were no differences in serum CRP concentrations in these groups compared with age-matched control groups. There was a significant correlation between plasma tHcy and serum CRP (rho = 0.19, p < 0.05). A stepwise multiple regression analysis including serum CRP, age, blood folate, serum cobalamin, serum methylmalonic acid and serum creatinine showed that only blood folate (p < 0.001), age (p < 0.001), serum creatinine (p < 0.001), serum cobalamin (p < 0.001), and serum methylmalonic acid (p < 0.001) independently predicted plasma tHcy concentration. Thus CRP concentration was not an independent predictor of plasma tHcy. Conclusion: The present study did not show any association between inflammatory status and plasma tHcy concentration in psychogeriatric patients.