Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Seawater Salinity Concentrations on Growth Rate, Pigment contents and Lipid Concentration in Anabaena fertilissma

Salinity imposes significant stresses in various living organisms including microalgae. Under favourable and unlimited growth conditions microalgae produce primarily polar lipids, which enrich chloroplast and cellular membranes. However, under unfavourable growth conditions microalgae accumulate neutral lipids in lipid droplets located in the cytoplasm. The study focuses on the effect of salinity concentrations on the cell growth, photosynthetic pigments and some metabolic activities as carbohydrate, protein, lipid, total amino acids, proline, choline, glycine betaine and individual's fatty acids in Anabaena fertilissma by setting up different ranges of salinity (2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20‰). The results were as follows. The microalga was able to tolerate the salinity levels, algal cell division showed a good adaptation to the highest salinities and cells would not go into osmotic shock and die, where the changes in salinity have significant effects on the growth. The growth and photosynthetic pigments tends to decline as salinity increases. While increased of protein, carbohydrate, lipid, proline, choline and glycine betaine. The composition of fatty acid methyl ester has been identified as C16:0, C18:0, C20:0, C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:4, C20:5 and C22:6. It is clear that the effects of salt stress on the proportional amounts of fatty acids.
Development of Little Millet ( Panicum s umatrense ) Substituted Biscuits and Characterization of Packaging Requirements

Biscuits from little millet (Panicum sumatrense) or samai were manufactured by substituting little millet at various levels of substitution (10-50%). Highly acceptable biscuits (comparing with the control) could be obtained by incorporating 30% millet flour in the biscuit formulations. Physical characteristics revealed a lower spread ratio and spread factor in the millet substituted biscuits compared to the control. The millet substituted biscuits recorded significantly higher levels of ash, calcium, phosphorus, iron, thiamine, riboflavin and fiber. Equilibrium relative humidity studies were carried out to standardize packaging requirements for the millet substituted biscuits. Moisture sorption studies of the biscuits substituted at 10, 20 and 30% levels indicated that a moisture content of 6.14, 6.57 and 7.04%, respectively equilibrated to 65% RH at 27C was critical with respect to the storage stability of the product compared to 6.10% in the control biscuits. From the data on the moisture sorption characteristics, metallised polyester polyethylene laminated pouches were selected for packing the biscuits and conduct of storage studies. Storage studies revealed an increase in acidity and moisture during storage for 120 days under ambient conditions. At the end of the storage period, the moisture content of the millet substituted biscuits (30%) were higher (4.04%) than control biscuits (3.82%) but was well within the critical moisture content indicating that the millet based biscuits had good storage stability.
A transactions-based commercial property price index for Portugal March 2017

The last decade has witnessed a renewed interest in the production of real estate price indicators. Despite of the progress in the production of residential property price indexes, commercial property price indexes (CPPI) have remained a less researched topic. This paper presents the work of Instituto Nacional de Estatística and Banco de Portugal to develop the official CPPI for Portugal. It is the first time that the evolution of national commercial real estate prices has been traced down using a dataset that covers the population of transactions and that provides information on property transaction prices and their characteristics. This paper presents the results of a quarterly CPPI from the beginning of 2009 to the first quarter of 2016 using the hedonic method, which is also applied in the production of the House Price Index (HPI). Although with a similar trend as the HPI, the new indicator reveals that the prices of commercial properties have decreased more than the prices of residential properties in 2012 and 2013, a period during which real estate markets were depressed. The work presented is not only of interest to the price index compilers involved in the development of similar indexes but also to researchers and all those interested in the evolution of commercial property markets. JEL Classification: C43, C81, E31, R31
Myelin Disturbances Produced by Sub-Toxic Concentration of Heavy Metals: The Role of Oligodendrocyte Dysfunction

Evidence has been accumulated demonstrating that heavy metals may accumulate in various organs, leading to tissue damage and toxic effects in mammals. In particular, the Central Nervous System (CNS) seems to be particularly vulnerable to cumulative concentrations of heavy metals, though the pathophysiological mechanisms is still to be clarified. In particular, the potential role of oligodendrocyte dysfunction and myelin production after exposure to subtoxic concentration I confirmed. It is ok of heavy metals is to be better assessed. Here we investigated on the effect of sub-toxic concentration of several essential (Cu2 +, Cr3 +, Ni2 +, Co2+) and non-essential (Pb2 +, Cd2+, Al3+) heavy metals on human oligodendrocyte MO3.13 and human neuronal SHSY5Y cell lines (grown individually or in co-culture). MO3.13 cells are an immortal human–human hybrid cell line with the phenotypic characteristics of primary oligodendrocytes but following the differentiation assume the morphological and biochemical features of mature oligodendrocytes. For this reason, we decided to use differentiated MO3.13 cell line. In particular, exposure of both cell lines to heavy metals produced a reduced cell viability of co-cultured cell lines compared to cells grown separately. This effect was more pronounced in neurons that were more sensitive to metals than oligodendrocytes when the cells were grown in co-culture. On the other hand, a significant reduction of lipid component in cells occurred after their exposure to heavy metals, an effect accompanied by substantial reduction of the main protein that makes up myelin (MBP) in co-cultured cells. Finally, the effect of heavy metals in oligodendrocytes were associated to imbalanced intracellular calcium ion concentration as measured through the fluorescent Rhod-2 probe, thus confirming that heavy metals, even used at subtoxic concentrations, lead to dysfunctional oligodendrocytes. In conclusion, our data show, for the first time, that sub-toxic concentrations of several heavy metals lead to dysfunctional oligodendrocytes, an effect highlighted when these cells are co-cultured with neurons. The pathophysiological mechanism(s) underlying this effect is to be better clarified. However, imbalanced intracellular calcium ion regulation, altered lipid formation and, finally, imbalanced myelin formation seem to play a major role in early stages of heavy metal-related oligodendrocyte dysfunction.
A Diamond-Dybvig Model in which the Level of Deposits is Endogenous

We extend the Diamond-Dybvig model of bank runs to include a specification of how much to deposit. A contract specifies a deposit level and period 1 withdrawals as a function of the number of previous withdrawals, satisfiying a sequential service constraint. Thus, partial or full suspension of convertibility is allowed. We prove an equivalence result, that the efficient allocation (satisfying resource, IC, and sequential service constraints) can be achieved in equilibrium as long as the deposit level is above a threshold, ∗. However, within this range, the lower the deposit level, the more tempted patient depositors are to withdraw early. We extend the baseline model so that outside investments yield a slightly higher return than bank investments, to capture an administrative cost faced by the bank. Then when the propensity to run is small enough, the optimal contract specifies deposit level near ∗, and it is common for runs to occur on the equilibrium path.
The Effect of Controlled Deprivation of Nitrogen , Potassium and Ringing the Bearing Branches on the Incidence of Misshapen Navel Disorder and Fruit Quality in “ Washington ” Navel Oranges

There is a lack of information about the causes leading to misshapen navel formation which obviously flourishes in young bearing navel oranges whether under arid or moderate conditions. Thirty “Washington” navel oranges at the age of 4 years old were treated on May 1 with 3 different deprivation regimes of Nitrogen (N), Potassium (K) and 2 ringing positions at the bearing branches to investigate the role of the increase of N and K leaf content, and carbohydrate availability on the incidence of misshapen navel disorder (MND). Either nutrient deprivation treatments or ringing processes remarkably reduced such disorder during two seasons 2013 and 2014. N leaf content increase was found to have a strong positive coefficient correlation with MND. Moreover, N deprivation for one month was the only treatment that didn’t cause consistent change in any fruit characteristic. Thus, the present study revealed that N deprivationwas the most effective treatment on mitigating incidence of MND.
Inter-league competition for talent vs . competitive balance

This paper analyses a model of private unemployment insurance under limited commitment and a model of public unemployment insurance subject to moral hazard in an economy with a continuum of agents and an infinite time horizon. The dynamic and steady-state properties of the private unemployment insurance scheme are established.The interaction between the public and private unemployment insurance schemes is examined. Examples are constructed to show that for some parameter values increased public insurance can reduce welfare by crowding out private insurance more than one-to-one and that for other parameter values a mix of both public and private insurance can be welfare maximising.
Negative and Positive Reappraisal After a Romantic Break-Up

This study compared negative reappraisal of an ex-partner and positive reappraisal of a situation after a break-up. Negative reappraisal was expected to reduce love, increase unpleasantness, reduce upsetness about the break-up, and reduce motivated attention to the ex-partner as measured by the late positive potential (LPP) compared to positive reappraisal. In this study, twenty-four participants who were upset about a break-up viewed pictures of their ex-partner in two reappraisal conditions and a no reappraisal condition. In the negative reappraisal condition, participants thought about negative aspects of their ex-partner. In the positive reappraisal condition, participants thought about positive aspects of the situation. Subsequently, participants viewed ex-partner pictures and the LPP was measured. Participants rated infatuation, attachment, valence, and upsetness about the break-up. Even though numerical differences were in line with our hypotheses, we found no evidence of significant differences between conditions for infatuation, attachment, valence, upsetness, or LPP amplitude in the preregistered analyses.
Linking Fuelwood Collection and Community Livelihoods in Satchari National Park

This study discusses linkages between fuelwood collection and community livelihoods in Satchari National Park, Bangladesh, and suggests implications for park management. The park, with a total area of 243 hectares, forms part of the Satchari Reserve Forest and is also bordered by tea estates. One tribal community lives inside the park and 21 to 22 villages are located outside the reserve forest within a radius of 5 to 8 km. In this study, carried out between February and June, 2006, I found that fuelwood collection is carried out by three distinct groups: villagers living inside the park, villagers living outside of the park, and tea estate laborers. Fuelwood is the only available source of domestic energy available in Satchari and approximately two tons of fuelwood are extracted from the park by these communities daily. All collectors are fully dependent on fuelwood for their household consumption. While tea estate laborers collect fuelwood only for their energy needs, approximately 39% of households in the interior village and 100% of collectors from the villages outside the park are dependent on fuelwood for earning cash income. Villagers living in the park earn 62% of their total household income from fuelwood, whereas this activity accounts for 100% of household income for villagers living outside the park.
Running head: CHALLENGES FOR PERSONS WITH AN ILEOSTOMY

Objectives: Ileostomy, in which the small intestine is re-directed out of an abdominal wall so that waste is collected using a bag, is used to treat conditions including Inflammatory Bowel Disease and colorectal cancer. This paper reports an in depth idiographic analysis of the experience of living with an ileostomy. Methods: 21 participants took part in semi-structured interviews about their lives and relationships. Those interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using the experiential qualitative methodology Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Results: Two super-ordinate themes arose from the data: Ileostomy’s intrapersonal impact; the impact of ileostomy on relationships with others. We found that ileostomy may destabilise the sense of self, disrupt body image, and alter experience of age and sexuality. Other participants were able to employ their illness to positively reframe the self. Disclosure of ileostomy status was difficult for some. Intimate and friend relationships were often challenged by stoma status, whilst other family relationships were largely characterised as supportive. Conclusions: Ileostomy may impact upon both intra and interpersonal aspects of the lives of those who live with it, in both negative and positive ways. Consequently, the sense of self can appear challenged, and relationships with partners, family members and friendships could be causes of distress. On the other hand, some partners were supportive, and children were found to be sources of comfort.
Effect of Fortification of Goat Meat Products with Flaxseed Powder on the Lipid Profile , Livers and Kidneys Functions of Male Albino Rats

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of flaxseed powder and goat meat products fortified with flaxseed powder on the quantity of liver enzymes, lipid fraction and kidney function of rats suffering from hyperlipidemia. Two main experimental groups used in this experiment. The first group (6 rats) fed on basal diet as a control negative, while the second one (54 rats) was treated with cholesterol in cholic acid (2:1 2.1gm/group) to arise hyperlipidemia levels of experimental animals. Then, the second main group was divided into nine subgroups. Subgroup (1) (6 rats) fed on basal diet as positive control group. Subgroups (2 and 3) fed on diet containing 10% and 20% row goat meat, respectively. Subgroups (4 and 5) fed on diet containing 10% and 20% flaxseed powder, respectively. Subgroups (6 and 7) fed on diet containing 10% and 20% burger, respectively. Subgroups (8 and 9) fed on diet containing 10% and 20% meat loaves, respectively. The positive control group induced defectiveness in all parameters. Feeding rats with diets containing the two levels from flaxseeds powder, row goat meat and goat meat products fortified with flaxseed powder led to significant decrease in serum cholesterol, triglycerides (p<0.001), low density lipoprotein (p<0.01), uric acid (p<0.001), urea nitrogen (p<0.001), creatinine (p<0.001) and liver enzymes ASAT (p<0.001) and ALAT (p<0.001), while high density lipoprotein increased significantly (p< 0.05) as compared to the positive control group.
RUNNING HEAD: L1-L2 CONVERGENCE IN CLAUSAL PACKAGING L1-L2 Convergence in Clausal Packaging in Japanese and English*

This study investigates L1-L2 convergence among bilinguals at an intermediate (CEFRB2) level of L2 proficiency, focusing on the clausal packaging of Manner and Path of motion. Previous research has shown cross-linguistic differences between English and Japanese in this domain (Allen et al., 2003; Kita & Özyürek, 2003, though note Brown & Gullberg, in press.). We compared descriptions of motion from monolingual English and Japanese speakers to L1 and L2 descriptions from Japanese users of English as a second (ESL) and foreign (EFL) language. Results showed no significant difference between the monolinguals, who predominately used single-clause constructions packaging Manner and Path. However, bilinguals, both ESL and EFL speakers of English, used significantly more multi-clause constructions in both their L1 and L2. Following Pavlenko (2011a), findings are interpreted as evidence for L1-L2 convergence. We discuss potential bidirectional cross-linguistic influences underpinning the L1-L2 convergence and implications for the restructuring of bilingual systems.
Title An Intelligent System Approach to Higher-Dimensional Classification of Volume Data Permalink

In volume data visualization, the classification step is used to determine voxel visibility and is usually carried out through the interactive editing of a transfer function that defines a mapping between voxel value and color/opacity. This approach is limited by the difficulties in working effectively in the transfer function space beyond two dimensions. We present a new approach to the volume classification problem which couples machine learning and a painting metaphor to allow more sophisticated classification in an intuitive manner. The user works in the volume data space by directly painting on sample slices of the volume and the painted voxels are used in an iterative training process. The trained system can then classify the entire volume. Both classification and rendering can be hardware accelerated, providing immediate visual feedback as painting progresses. Such an intelligent system approach enables the user to perform classification in a much higher dimensional space without explicitly specifying the mapping for every dimension used. Furthermore, the trained system for one data set may be reused to classify other data sets with similar characteristics.
Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells Prepared by Radiation-Induced Graft Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers onto Polybenzimidazoles

To prepare the high proton conductivity PEMs based on polybenzimidazole (PBI) substrates, well-established radiation-induced graft polymerization of various vinyl monomers onto PBIs and subsequent sulfonation were carried out. A combination of styrene with an alicyclic polybenzimidazole (APBI) were exhibited high grafting degree, and the resulting PEMs showed much higher proton conductivity (ca. 10 -1 S/cm at 25 °C, RH = 100%) than those of linear sulfonated PBIs.
Productivity-Performance Approach Applied to Secondary Schools

We introduce a novel and simple diagnostic tool to improve the performance of public services (e.g. in health, education, utilities and transportation). We propose a method to compute performance/productivity ratios, which can be applied as soon as data on production unitsoutcomes and resources are available. These ratios have an intuitive interpretation: values below unity indicate that better outcomes can be attained through weaker resource constraints (pointing at scarcity of resources) and, conversely, values above unity indicate that better outcomes can be achieved with the given resources (pointing at unexploited production capacity). We demonstrate the practical usefulness of our methodology through an application to secondary schools in the Netherlands. In this application, we also account for outlier behavior and environmental e¤ects by using a robust nonparametric estimation method. Our empirical results indicate that in most cases schools performance improvement is a matter of unexploited production capacity, while scarcity of resources is a lesser issue. Keywords: Performance; Productivity; Resource constraints; Secondary schools. We are grateful to participants of the 2015 EWEPA conference in Helsinki, the Economics in Education Workshop at Maastricht University, E¢ ciency in Education workshop in London, VII EFIUCO at Universidad de Córdoba, Seminar participants at University of Lille, Knox Lovell, Ernest Reig, Hervé Leleu, and Finn Førsund for useful comments. yCenter for Economic Studies, University of Leuven. E. Sabbelaan 53, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium. E-mail: laurens.cherchye@kuleuven.be. Laurens Cherchye gratefully acknowledges the European Research Council (ERC) for his Consolidator Grant 614221. zLeuven Economics of Education Research, Faculty of Economics and Business, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. E-mail: Kristof.dewitte@econ.kuleuven.be. Top Institute for Evidence Based Education Research, Maastricht University, Kapoenstraat 2, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands. E-mail: K.dewitte@maastrichtuniversity.nl. Kristof De Witte acknowledges nancial support from the Horizon 2020 program through the EDEN project (Economics of Education Network). xUniversité de Liège, Department of Economics, 7, Bd Rectorat (B31); LIEGE 4000 (Belgium). E-mail: Sergio.Perelman@ulg.ac. be.
Selective ERK inhibitor ulixertinib inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in lymphoma cell lines

Aberrant MAPK pathway signaling and resultant ERK kinase activity is evident in many oncogene-dependent cancers and the intrinsic and acquired drug resistance is often associated with activated ERK signaling. Here, we reported ulixertinib, an ERK1/2 kinase inhibitor, potently and selectively inhibits ERK1 and ERK2 kinases in a reversible, ATP-competitive fashion. Consistent with its mechanism of action, ulixertinib inhibited ERK1/2 activation and cell proliferation, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human lymphoma cell lines SUDHL-10 and Raji cells. Furthermore, the expression of VEGFA, VEGFR2 and Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in SUDHL-10 and Raji cells treated with ulixertinib, but the expression of Bax and caspase-3 was notably increased. In total, in vitro studies will help elucidate how ulixertinib may be used as a novel agent in therapeutic strategies for human lymphoma.
From Insanely Jealous to Insanely Delicious: Computational Models for the Semantic Bleaching of English Intensifiers

We introduce novel computational models for modeling semantic bleaching, a widespread category of change in which words become more abstract or lose elements of meaning, like the development of “arrive” from its earlier meaning ‘become at shore. ’ We validate our methods on a widespread case of bleaching in English: de-adjectival adverbs that originate as manner adverbs (as in “awfully behaved”) and later become intensifying adverbs (as in “awfully nice”). Our methods formally quantify three reflexes of bleaching: decreasing similarity to the source meaning (e.g., “awful”), increasing similarity to a fully bleached prototype (e.g., “very”), and increasing productivity (e.g., the breadth of adjectives that an adverb modifies). We also test a new causal model and find evidence that bleaching is initially triggered in contexts such as “conspicuously evident” and “insanely jealous”, where an adverb premodifies a semantically similar adjective. These contexts provide a form of “bridging context” (Evans and Wilkins, 2000) that allow a manner adverb to be reinterpreted as an intensifying adverb similar to “very”.