Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robotic Compared With Conventional Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

OBJECTIVE: To compare surgical outcome and quality of life of robot-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy with conventional laparoscopic hysterectomy. METHODS: For this controlled clinical trial, patients with benign indications for hysterectomy were randomized to receive either a robotic (robotic group) or conventional laparoscopic hysterectomy (conventional group). The primary end point was total operating time; secondary end points were perioperative outcome, blood loss, and the change in quality of life. RESULTS: Ninety-five patients out of 100 randomized patients completed the study. Patient age, body mass index, and uterus weight showed no significant differences between both groups. All results are given as mean (±standard deviation; median). Total operating time for the robotic group was significantly higher with 106 (±29; 103) compared with 75 (±21; 74) (conventional group) minutes. Blood loss, complications, analgesics use, and return to activity for both groups were comparable. The change in preoperative to postoperative quality-of-life index (quality of life measured on a linear scale from 0 to 100) was significantly higher in the robotic group, with 13 (±10; 13) compared with 5 (±14; 5) (conventional group). CONCLUSION: Robot-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy and conventional laparoscopy compare well in most surgical aspects, but the robotic procedure is associated with longer operating times. Postoperative quality-of-life index was better; however, long-term, there was no difference. However, subjective postoperative parameters such as analgesic use and return to activity showed no significant difference between both groups. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials. gov, NCT00683293. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: I
Family Involvement in Firm’s Management and Productivity: An Empirical Evidence from Indonesia

This study aims to investigate the effect of family ownership on productivity, the difference on the productivity level between family managers and professional managers, and to evaluate whether family firm better to hire professional managers or family managers. Implementing purposive method on 535 companies listed on The Indonesian Stock Exchange in sampling technique, this study ended-up with 144 listed companies as a sample for five years (2011-2015), thus totally there are 720 company year observations. Then, this study uses OLS regression to test the hypotheses. The findings show that family ownership affects negatively on firm productivity which is measured by Standard Cobb-Douglas production function. Moreover, family managers are less productive than professional managers, therefore, this study recommends the family firm hire professional managers in order to improve firm productivity. To the best of my knowledge, it is the first study which relates the family ownership and firm productivity in Indonesia, thus it will be beneficial in knowledge development in this research field. JEL Classification: G32; M41 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/jkdp.v22i2. 1587
Internal Carotid Artery Kinks and Coils : Repair with Autologous External Jugular Vein

Stroke is a leading cause of death in the United States and affects millions of people worldwide. Carotid artery kinks and coils can cause cerebral hypo perfusion, leading to neurovascular symptoms. These symptoms can be corrected with surgical intervention. This case report presents a 61 year old African American female with internal carotid kinks and coils with neurological symptoms requiring surgical intervention. Imaging of the internal carotid arteries demonstrated bilateral internal carotid arteries with severe tortuosity. This tortuosity was obvious during the surgery, when the internal carotid artery was seen with kinks and coils creating a 360o hairpin turn. An internal carotid artery repair was done with autologous reverse external jugular vein bypass. The external jugular vein was used because it was available and a better candidate than the great saphenous vein and the synthetic material. The patient was instructed to follow up for postoperative evaluation in 3 months with an ultrasound evaluation of the repair. The postoperative evaluation and ultrasound findings confirmed a patent artery and demonstrated that our repair successfully alleviated the patient’s symptoms completely.
Aggravation of different types of experimental colitis by depletion or adhesion blockade of neutrophils.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Neutrophils are generally thought to play an important proinflammatory role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether blocking the invasion of neutrophils by anti-L-selectin monoclonal antibodies modulates chemically induced colitis and how this modulation is accomplished. METHODS Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid/dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS/DNBS)-induced colitis was studied in rats on treatment with anti-L-selectin monoclonal antibodies (mAb) or antineutrophil antiserum. Different anti-L-selectin mAb, either blocking or nonblocking, as well as F(ab)(2) fragments were evaluated. Additionally, leukocyte migration was examined using intravital microscopy. Furthermore, the effect of neutrophil depletion in rat TNBS-induced colitis was studied either prior to or after colitis induction as well as murine CD4(+)CD45RB(high) transfer colitis. Finally, bacterial translocation during DNBS-induced colitis was studied in neutrophil-depleted and control rats. RESULTS Anti-L-selectin mAb treatment resulted in increased mortality and bowel inflammation as well as hemorrhagic eye secretion. No clear difference was found between blocking and nonblocking mAb or F(ab)(2) fragments. For all investigated antibodies/fragments, either complete blockade of leukocyte invasion or marked neutrophil depletion was found. Accordingly, neutrophil depletion by antiserum resulted in aggravation of rat DNBS-induced colitis as well as murine transfer colitis. CONCLUSIONS Adhesion blockade or neutrophil depletion aggravates rat TNBS/DNBS-induced colitis together with extraintestinal manifestations of the eyes. Therefore, neutrophils appear to have an important role in mucosal repair processes. Importantly, adhesion blockade as a therapeutic concept can be detrimental in inflammatory bowel disease.
Predictive value of routine circulating soluble endothelial cell adhesion molecule measurements during pregnancy.

BACKGROUND The present study was aimed at determining whether routine prenatal measurements of circulating soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1; CD54) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1; CD106) in midgestation have predictive value for the identification of pregnant women destined to develop preeclampsia or other complications of pregnancy during late gestation. METHODS Plasma sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were analyzed between weeks 22 and 29 of gestation in 1543 pregnant women and related to the outcome of pregnancy in a prospective longitudinal study. RESULTS Plasma sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in uncomplicated pregnancies were normally distributed and varied over a small range (sICAM-1, SD = 22.5%; sVCAM-1, SD = 25.5%). Of all analyzed uncomplicated pregnancies, 54 (3.95%) were identified with concentrations of sICAM-1 or sVCAM-1 above the mean + 2 SD. In contrast, of 177 pregnancies with complications (prevalence, 11.5%), 97 (55%) had sICAM-1 or sVCAM-1 concentrations above the same cutoffs weeks before the onset of disease. The sensitivities of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 measurements were 66% for preeclampsia and hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP syndrome), 42% for gestational hypertension, 50% for fetal retardation, 46% for preterm labor, 50% for gestational diabetes mellitus, 67% for gestational proteinuria, and 70% for infections during pregnancy. Taken together, routine prenatal sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 measurements had an overall predictive value of 64%. CONCLUSIONS Midgestation measurements of circulating sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 have a high predictive value (area under the curve of combined sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 measurements determined by ROC analysis, 0.85) and may identify up to 55% of pregnant women who will later develop a severe pregnancy-related complication.
Conception et realisation d'un velocimetre ultrasonore de precision : application a la caracterisation de liquides complexes

Dans l'etude des liquides complexes, l'objectif souvent recherche est la caracterisation de leurs inclusions. Les techniques de rayonnement sont generalement les plus utilisees. Leur mise au point necessite des moyens considerables et elles ne sont, la plupart du temps, sensibles que pour de grandes quantites d'inclusions. L'utilisation des methodes ultrasonores dans ce domaine est relativement recente. Ce travail montre les avantages des techniques ultrasonores de precision : une facilite de mise au point et une grande sensibilite ne necessitant que de faibles quantites de produits souvent couteux. Nous avons concu et mis au point un velocimetre ultrasonore de precision utilisant de faibles volumes de liquides. La determination de la vitesse ultrasonore est basee sur la mesure de temps de vol par la methode dite du barycentre. Les performances de cette methode ont ete etudiees experimentalement ainsi que par simulation numerique. D'autre part, le velocimetre a fait l'objet d'une etude metrologique systematique. La validation de la technique de mesure a ete faite sur des milieux tests. Nous estimons la precision de cette methode a 10 - 5 pour un volume de liquide de l'ordre de 3 cm 3. Nous avons utilise le modele du milieu effectif pour determiner la compressibilite adiabatique d'inclusions dans des fluides complexes contenant des tensioactifs. L'interet suscite par ces systemes est justifie par la diversite de leurs applications allant du domaine petrolier a la pharmacologie en passant par l'elaboration de nouveaux materiaux. Pour notre part, nous les avons utilises comme milieux hotes pour les proteines. Ils permettent de simuler un environnement biomimetique, dans lequel on peut controler la quantite d'eau. Nous avons d'abord etudie le systeme binaire (agregats de molecules tensioactives dans un solvant organique), ensuite le systeme ternaire (solvant organique/tensioactif/eau). Enfin, nous nous sommes interesses au comportement de deux proteines en milieu micellaire. Dans des conditions de penurie d'eau, le systeme micellaire permet de determiner la compressibilite intrinseque des proteines. Cette quantite est d'une grande importance pour l'etude de l'hydratation des proteines. Jusqu'a present, seuls des modeles theoriques ont permis son estimation.
p53 expression by immunohistochemistry is an important determinant of survival in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia receiving frontline chemo-immunotherapy

Although chromosome 17p abnormalities and TP53 mutations have been reported as poor prognostic indicators in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the impact of aberrant p53 expression as assessed by immunohistochemistry (p53-IHC) has not been defined in patients with CLL treated with chemoimmunotherapy, particularly in the context of other novel markers such as ZAP-70 expression and IgVH mutation status (IgVH MS). We assessed p53-IHC in 222 bone marrow (BM) specimens from patients with CLL enrolled in a phase II trial with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR). ZAP70 expression and IgVH MS were assessed in 208 and 108 patients, respectively. One hundred sixty-eight patients had concurrent classical cytogenetic analysis. p53-IHC correlated with abnormal karyotype (p = 0.002) and adversely affected overall survival independent of ZAP70 expression and IgVH MS (p < 0.001). Patients with p53-IHC(+) CLL were less likely to achieve complete remission, but patients who did achieve complete remission showed a durable response. In this patient cohort, p53-IHC is an important determinant of complete remission and overall survival, but not remission duration, in patients with CLL receiving FCR.
The effect of soft-skills on French graduate pay

Purpose This paper attempts to construct soft-skill indicators and then to measure their effects on graduate pay on the basis of a study of a sample of masters graduates. Design/methodology/approach In order to measure the effects that soft skills may have on the income, a quantile analysis will be used. Findings Certain soft skills explain a proportion of the remuneration of young masters graduates. They influence the highest salaries in particular, these soft skills are important for the most highly skilled jobs. Research limitations Most of the skills are highly declarative and may be more to do with a feeling of having skills than actually possessing the skill. Moreover, this paper looks only at graduates in employment, whereas it might be thought that a deficit in sift-skills would be far more penalizing for job seekers. Social implications While some young people have been able to benefit early from soft skills and take advantage of them on the labour market, it may be asked whether it is not important to try to have those less endowed with them to benefit from them before they get onto the labour market. Originality/value This research questions the heterogeneous character of skills that young higher-education graduates can acquire. The French diploma does not seem to homogenize all of the skills that young people may acquire in their academic and then professional experiences.
Coil setup optimization for 2D‐SENSE whole‐heart coronary imaging

Accelerated “whole‐heart” coronary imaging with sensitivity encoding applied in both phase encoding directions (2D‐SENSE) was investigated. In order to maximize the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), coil configuration optimization was performed. To this end, 10 practical coil configurations each consisting of six standard coil elements were investigated and the local SNR was assessed by means of phantom experiments. Based on the experimental data, a symmetric configuration was found to yield the highest SNR. In a volunteer study, 2D‐SENSE coronary images were obtained with total reduction factors of 3 and 4. Excellent depiction of the right and left coronary systems was possible in all cases. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The utility of ultrasound-guided thoracentesis and pleural biopsy in undiagnosed pleural exudates

We assessed the utility of ultrasound to guide the selection of closed pleural biopsy technique and site and to assess the respective contributions of repeat thoracentesis and closed pleural biopsy in 100 consecutive patients with undiagnosed pleural exudates. Thoracentesis was more likely to be diagnostic in TB than malignancy (77.8% vs 31.0%, p<0.001). The addition of ultrasound-guided biopsy increased the combined yield for all diagnoses from 48.0% to 90.0% (p<0.001), for malignancy from 31.0% to 89.7% (p<0.001) and for TB from 77.8% to 88.9% (p=0.688). Our findings suggest that this minimally invasive approach has a high diagnostic yield.
FACTORS AFFECTING STOCK EXCHANGE INVESTMENT IN KURDISTAN

The purpose of this research is to examine the factors affecting stock exchange investment in Kurdistan and particularly in Erbil. Developing countries can also make use of these markets to develop their economy, though this process could be something new for some developing countries. The stock exchange investment is often the choice for businesses seeking lucrative investment deals. As the place where monetary transactions are made, investors usually take their chances in these markets based on studying expected revenues and risks accompanying said investments. Investors usually avoid high-revenue investments due to the great risks accompanying them and accept low-risk investments with little revenues. A quantitative method used to analyse the present research. The study was carried in Erbil. The researcher distributed 100 questionnaires, only 71 questionnaires were received and being completed properly. The researcher used single regression analysis in order to find factors affecting investment in stock exchange. The findings revealed that the highest value among all variables was supply & demand factor that influence stock, the second highest value was for economy factor then the third factor was competition factor and lastly the lowest value was for politic factor. According the findings, it seems that supply and demand play an essential role in investment in stock exchange in Kurdistan.
Regional pressure volume curves by electrical impedance tomography in a model of acute lung injury

Objective: A new noninvasive method, electrical impedance tomography (EIT), was used to make pressure‐impedance (PI) curves in a lung lavage model of acute lung injury in pigs. The lower inflection point (LIP) and the upper deflection point (UDP) were determined from these curves and from the traditional pressure‐volume (PV) curves to determine whether the PI curves resemble the traditional PV curves. Furthermore, regional differences in the mentioned determinants were investigated. Design: Prospective, experimental study. Setting: Animal research laboratory. Interventions: In nine anesthetized pigs, repeated lung lavage was performed until a PaO2 <80 torr was reached. Thereafter, an inspiratory PV curve was made using a constant flow of oxygen. During the intervention, EIT measurements were performed. Measurements and Main Results: In this study, the LIPEIT was within 2 cm H2O of the LIPPV. Furthermore, it was possible to visualize regional PI curves by EIT. No significant difference was found between the LIPPV (21.3 ± 3.0 cm H2O) and the LIPEIT of the total lung (21.5 ± 3.0 cm H2O) or the anterior parts of the lung (21.5 ± 2.9 cm H2O). A significantly higher LIP (29.5 ± 4.9 cm H2O) was found in the posterior parts of the lung. A UDPPV could be found in three animals only, whereas in all animals a UDPEIT could be determined from the anterior part of the lung. Conclusions: Using EIT, determination of LIP and UDP from the regional PI curves is possible. The obtained information from the regional PI curves may help in understanding alveolar recruitment. The use of this new bedside technique for clinical decision making remains to be examined.
Social Media Research: A Narrative Review

Even though the technological developments of web 2.0 and social media opened up a multitude of possibilities for companies to communicate with their customers, marketers, to a certain extent, lost direct control of their brands. Users are able to exchange opinions about companies, products, services, or brands independent of corporate influences at high speed and almost no cost. Marketing research has quickly picked up the new technological developments, generating enormous numbers of studies. However, the findings are highly diverse and confusing at the same time. This paper provides a systematic overview of top-tier social media research. A main emphasis is put on empirical studies that investigate the effects of user-generated content on measurable corporate performance indicators. A total of 102 articles are used as input for the conducted qualitative meta-analysis. Findings are sorted along the proposed framework of the “social media value chain”. The analysis encompasses effects of electronic word-of-mouth on corporate consumer mindset metrics, product and market performance indicators, and financial performance measures. The analysis extracts the inherent moderators of electronic word-of-mouth-effects and provides a suitable framework for discussion. In addition, the dual role of companies as moderators of ongoing social media communication and content creators within viral marketing campaigns is also dissected. Social media conversations are a powerful force that shows effect along the whole value chain. Pure volume measures show the strongest effect. Even though valence measures contain a high degree of information, inconsistent results can be observed depending on valence operationalization and empirical methods used. Research needs to develop a better and deeper understanding of valence measures. Further, experimental field studies provide a good starting point for future empirical work. The multitude of moderator effects reveals that the impact of electronic word-of-mouth is not generalizable across industries, product categories, and social media platforms. However, social media conversations contain rich information that has to be utilized by the marketing profession.
Appropriate Function of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 in the Endoplasmic Reticulum Lumen Is Dependent on Its N-terminal Region Sharing Similar Topological Determinants with 50-kDa Esterase*

By interconverting glucocorticoids, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) exerts an important pre-receptor function and is currently considered a promising therapeutic target. In addition, 11β-HSD1 plays a potential role in 7-ketocholesterol metabolism. Here we investigated the role of the N-terminal region on enzymatic activity and addressed the relevance of 11β-HSD1 orientation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen. Previous studies revealed that the luminal orientation of 11β-HSD1 and 50-kDa esterase/arylacetamide deacetylase (E3) is determined by their highly similar N-terminal transmembrane domains. Substitution of Lys5 by Ser in 11β-HSD1, but not of the analogous Lys4 by Ile in E3, led to an inverted topology in the ER membrane, indicating the existence of a second topological determinant. Here we identified Glu25/Glu26 in 11β-HSD1 and Asp25 in E3 as the second determinant for luminal orientation. Our results suggest that the exact location of specific residues rather than net charge distribution on either side of the helix is critical for membrane topology. Analysis of charged residues in the N-terminal domain revealed an essential role of Lys35/Lys36 and Glu25/Glu26 on enzymatic activity, suggesting that these residues are responsible for the observed stabilizing effect of the N-terminal membrane anchor on the catalytic domain of 11β-HSD1. Moreover, activity measurements in intact cells expressing wild-type 11β-HSD1, facing the ER lumen, or mutant K5S/K6S, facing the cytoplasm, revealed that the luminal orientation is essential for efficient oxidation of cortisol. Furthermore, we demonstrate that 11β-HSD1, but not mutant K5S/K6S with cytoplasmic orientation, catalyzes the oxoreduction of 7-ketocholesterol. 11β-HSD1 and E3 constructs with cytosolic orientation of their catalytic moiety should prove useful in future studies addressing the physiological function of these proteins.
Blowup Time Optimal Control for Ordinary Differential Equations

This paper studies a time optimal control problem governed by a classical controlled system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Corresponding to certain controls, the solutions of the system have the behavior of blowup; namely, they blow up at a finite time. The goal for controlling the system is to minimize the blowup time. Therefore, the time optimal control problem studied in this paper holds its target set outside of its state space. From this perspective, it essentially differentiates from the most time optimal control problems in studies from past publications. The purpose of this study is to develop a new method for proving the existence of time optimal controls for such kinds of time optimal control problems through analyzing a typical problem. We also aim to create a new method for establishing the Pontryagin maximum principle of optimal controls. The main results derived from this paper can be extended to controlled systems, where nonlinear terms have a more general form, by the two methods mentioned above.