Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Multidimensional Assessment of Perfectionistic Automatic Thoughts

In the current article, we comment on a recent article by Stoeber, Kobori, and Brown that provided evidence suggesting that a multidimensional approach to perfectionistic cognitions is superior to a unidimensional approach in predicting maladjustment. They also showed with their data from a university student sample that our Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory has multiple factors in contrast to our unidimensional approach. Our commentary focuses primarily on the issue of whether the Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory should be considered unidimensional versus multidimensional and outlines concerns about how perfectionism cognition factors should be used and interpreted. Although there are serious interpretive problems inherent in existing multidimensional measures of perfectionism cognitions, it is apparent that a cognitive approach is an important and viable supplement to the extensive focus on the trait multidimensional perfectionism that is currently in vogue. We conclude by discussing the potential clinical uses of cognitive assessments of perfectionism.
Health-related quality of life after liver transplantation.

To gather information regarding how to best assist liver transplant recipients in improving their self-care capacity and well-being, we investigated their total health situation. A retrospective, cross-sectional survey with up to a 10-year follow-up concerning experienced health and quality of life after liver transplantation (LTX) was conducted. The aim of this study was to provide descriptive data on the experienced health and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after LTX and to evaluate whether the pretransplantation medical conditions affected these parameters. All patients who had undergone LTX, were alive at the time of the study, and had a follow-up of more than 6 months (n = 134) were asked to complete three self-administered questionnaires. The response rate was 95% (n = 120). There was no correlation between pretransplantation Child-Pugh score and HRQOL after LTX. Liver transplant recipients were more limited in their physical health than healthy subjects but were equal in social functioning and mental health. Twenty-six percent suffered from severe bodily pain. A significant difference was reported in all health areas, with the exception of vitality and social functioning, between employed and unemployed transplant recipients. Liver transplant recipients suffered from limited physical functioning many years after transplantation. Their social functioning and mental health were not negatively affected. This study emphasizes that bodily pain and difficulties in performing regular activities because of physical illness are problems frequently experienced by liver transplant recipients.
Leydig cell function in normal men: effect of age, life-style, residence, diet, and activity.

The decrease of plasma testosterone (T) in old age may be inherent to the aging process or secondary to environmental factors such as stress, minor illness, physical inactivity, etc. We determined plasma T, apparent free T, and gonadotropin levels in healthy men (n = 71), aged 26-90 yr living under identical conditions, i.e. as monks in a monastery. We found a highly significant age-dependent decrease in morning and mean 24-h T and apparent free T levels and a moderate increase in gonadotropin levels; the nycthemeral variation in plasma levels was, however, decreased in the elderly. In a larger group of healthy normal men (n = 302), smokers had higher T levels than nonsmokers in all age groups; values were similar whether older men lived in a geriatric institution or in their home. Diet had no discernable effect on T levels, whereas in young men plasma T levels decreased more in response to stress such as hypoglycemia or myocardial infarction than in elderly subjects. Moderate physical training in men, convalescing from myocardial infarction, did not alter consistently plasma T levels. We conclude that the age-associated decrease in plasma T levels is inherent to the aging process.
Solution structure of human sorting nexin 22

The sorting nexins (SNXs) constitute a large group of PX domain‐containing proteins that play critical roles in protein trafficking. We report here the solution structure of human sorting nexin 22 (SNX22). Although SNX22 has <30% sequence identity with any PX domain protein of known structure, it was found to contain the α/β fold and compact structural core characteristic of PX domains. Analysis of the backbone dynamics of SNX22 by NMR relaxation measurements revealed that the two walls of the ligand binding cleft undergo internal motions: on the picosecond timescale for the β1/β2 loop and on the micro‐ to millisecond timescale for the loop between the polyproline motif and helix α2. Regions of the SNX22 structure that differ from those of other PX domains include the loop connecting strands β1 and β2 and the loop connecting helices α1 and α2, which appear to be more mobile than corresponding loops in other known structures. The interaction of dibutanoyl‐phosphatidylinositol‐3‐phosphate (dibutanoyl‐PtdIns(3)P) with SNX22 was investigated by an NMR titration experiment, which identified the binding site in a basic cleft and indicated that ligand binding leads only to a local structural rearrangement as has been found with other PX domains. Because motions in the loops are damped out when dibutanoyl‐PtdIns(3)P binds, entropic effects could contribute to the lower affinity of SNX22 for this ligand compared to other PX domains.
Effect of particle size of forage in the dairy ration on feed intake, production parameters and quantification of manure index.

The objectives of this study were to measure particle size and evaluate the effect of increasing alfalfa hay particle size on production characteristics in lactating Holstein dairy cows. Ninety multiparous Holstein cows in early to mid-lactation were randomly assigned in a complete randomized design for a 30-day period. Animals were offered one of the three diets, which were identical in energy, protein, and chemical composition, but differed only in particle size of alfalfa hay. The treatments were A) total mixed ration (TMR) in which only fine chopped alfalfa hay was incorporated in the ration, B) the same diet in which half of the alfalfa hay was fine chopped and incorporated in the mixed ration and half was long hay and offered as a top dressing, and C) the same diet with long hay alfalfa offered as a top dressing. Distribution of particle size of rations was determined through 20,000, 8,000 and 1,000 μm sieves. The new method of quantitative determination of manure index was examined for each cow on different treatments. The geometric mean length of particle size in the rations was 5,666, 9,900 and 11,549 μm for treatments A, B and C, respectively. Fat corrected milk (4%), milk fat percentage and production were significantly different (p 0.05). Blood concentration of cholesterol in treatment A was significantly higher (p<0.05) than treatment B and C (181.0 vs. 150.0 and 155.2 mg/dl). Manure index in treatment C was significantly different (p<0.05) from treatment B (15.86 vs. 17.67). Based on these experimental findings, it is concluded that an increase in the ration particle size can increase milk fat percentage due to providing more physically effective fiber, which in turn could effect changes in manure consistency.
Coefficient Bounds for Certain Classes of Meromorphic Functions

Sharp bounds for are derived for certain classes and of meromorphic functions defined on the punctured open unit disk for which and , respectively, lie in a region starlike with respect to 1 and symmetric with respect to the real axis. Also, certain applications of the main results for a class of functions defined through Ruscheweyh derivatives are obtained.
A new approach to children's footwear based on foot type classification

Current shoe designs do not allow for the comprehensive 3-D foot shape, which means they are unable to reproduce the wide variability in foot morphology. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to capture these variations of children's feet by classifying them into groups (types) and thereby provide a basis for their implementation in the design of children's shoes. The feet of 2867 German children were measured using a 3-D foot scanner. Cluster analysis was then applied to classify the feet into three different foot types. The characteristics of these foot types differ regarding their volume and forefoot shape both within and between shoe sizes. This new approach is in clear contrast to previous systems, since it captures the variability of foot morphology in a more comprehensive way by using a foot typing system and therefore paves the way for the unimpaired development of children's feet. Previous shoe systems do not allow for the wide variations in foot morphology. A new approach was developed regarding different morphological foot types based on 3-D measurements relevant in shoe construction. This can be directly applied to create specific designs for children's shoes.
The use of liposomes in the topical application of steroids

The effect of topical application of the androgen 5α‐dihydrotestosterone (DHT), both encapsulated in liposomes and solved in acetone, has been evaluated using the female hamster flank organ as a model system. Systemic absorption of DHT was significant from the acetone solution, but negligible from the liposome system. The topical biological effect is, however, proportionally diminished when the liposome system is used. Under the experimental conditions used, the liposome system had no advantages over application in acetone in this model.
Histopathological and Histometrical Assessment of Boron Exposure Effects on Mouse Spermatogenesis

El Boro es un elemento quimico ampliamente usado en variadas actividades industriales. La exposicion a este afecta a varios organos en mamiferos, principalmente organos reproductivos. Este trabajo evaluo los efectos del Boro en testiculo. Para este proposito, 12mg Boro/Ide agua potable, equivalente al agua bebestible de Arica, se administro por 42 dias a ratones machos CF1 de 85 dias de edad (grupo experimental). Otro grupo (grupo control) bebio agua de Santiago (0.6mg Boro/L). Se realizaron estudios histopatologicos y morfometricos del testiculo. Estos estudios mostraron que el Boro induce alteraciones como vacuolizacion epitelial, taponamiento y atrofia del lumen testicular. Los estudios morfometricos mostraron que el Boro tambien induce aumento del diametro tubular, altura del epitelio y del lumen tubular. En consecuencia, se concluye que el Boro actua como un toxico testicular y que futuros estudios son necesarios para establecer su mecanismo de accion sobre la espermatogenesis
High Rates of Native Hawaiian and Older Japanese Adults Hospitalized with Dementia in Hawai‘i

Data on dementia in Native Hawaiians and many Asian subgroups in the United States are limited. Inpatients with dementia have higher costs, longer stays, and higher mortality than those without dementia. This study compared rates of inpatients with a dementia diagnosis for disaggregated Asian and Pacific Islanders (Native Hawaiian, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino) with those of whites according to age (18–59, 60–69, 70–79, 80–89, ≤90) for all adults hospitalized in Hawai‘i between December 2006 and December 2010; 13,465 inpatients with a dementia diagnosis were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes. Rates were calculated using population size denominators derived from the U.S. Census. In all age categories, Native Hawaiians had the highest unadjusted rates of inpatients with dementia and were more likely to have a dementia diagnosis at discharge at younger ages than other racial and ethnic groups. In adjusted models (controlling for sex, residence location, and insurer), Native Hawaiian inpatients aged 18 to 59 (aRR = 1.50, 95% CI = 0.84–2.69), 60 to 69 (aRR = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.74–3.68), 70 to 79 (aRR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.78–2.69), and 80 to 89 (aRR = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.24–1.71) were significantly more likely to have dementia than whites, as were Japanese aged 70 to 79 (aRR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.01–1.67), 80 to 89 (aRR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.05–1.57), and 90 and older (aRR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.24–1.85). Japanese aged 18 to 59 had were significantly less likely to have dementia than whites (aRR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.17–0.94). These patterns have important public health and clinical care implications for Native Hawaiians and older Japanese populations. Future studies should consider whether preventable medical risk, caregiving, socioeconomic conditions, genetic disposition, or a combination of these factors are responsible for these findings.
Verbal learning and memory and their associations with brain morphology and illness course in schizophrenia spectrum psychoses

The California Verbal Learning Test and structural brain imaging were administered to 57 subjects with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 94 controls in a general population sample. Cases had lower semantic cluster scores. Poorer verbal memory strategies were associated with longer duration of illness and heavier use of antipsychotic medication. After controlling for duration of illness, sex, and total gray matter, poorer verbal memory was associated with lower gray matter volume in the cingulate cortex, juxtapositional lobule, right superior temporal gyrus, and precuneus. After controlling for use of antipsychotic medication, there was an association between higher serial clustering and smaller anterior cingulate gyrus and larger intracalcarine cortex.
The stromal component of the marrow microenvironment is not derived from the malignant clone in MDS.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) represent a spectrum of disorders that are generally thought to arise from a defective hematopoietic stem cell leading to clonal, dysregulated hematopoiesis. Although it is generally agreed that the marrow microenvironment plays a role in the biology of MDSs, it is unclear whether this represents an intrinsically abnormal stromal compartment derived from the MDS clone. One report does suggest that stromal cells contain MDS-associated cytogenetic abnormalities,1 while others have contradicted these findings and suggest these cells function normally.2,3 These conflicting observations, along with the differing reports on hematopoietic stem cell plasticity, prompted us to evaluate this issue directly using long-term marrow cultures (LTCs) established from MDS patients. We first addressed the issue of the origin of stroma in 1987 by using LTCs established with marrow aspirates from patients with functioning sex-mismatched allografts.4 By using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we were able to demonstrate that all of the stromal cells were host derived, whereas all of the cells containing donor sex chromatin were macrophages. We subsequently extended this observation to first document by nonspecific esterase (NSE) staining that up to 40% of cells in primary LTCs can be macrophages and, as expected, originate from the donor. In this case, we demonstrated that even after 27 years of 100% donor-derived hematopoiesis, the stromal cells still originated from the host.5 One could infer from these data that the stroma in patients with MDSs would not be derived from the malignant clone. To address this issue directly, we analyzed LTCs established from 9 patients with MDSs. LTCs were cultured for 6 to 9 weeks before cells were harvested and cytocentrifuged onto glass slides. The percentage of macrophages was determined by staining with NSE. FISH was then performed on duplicate slides to determine the percentage of clonally marked cells. In every case except 1, the percent of clonally marked cells in the LTCs did not exceed that which could be accounted for by the combination of macrophages and background levels for FISH (Table 1). In case no. 7, we noted an unusual retention of myelocytes in the LTC, which probably contributed to the increased percentage of clonally marked cells noted in this patient. These data strongly suggest that stromal cells are not part of the malignant clone in MDSs and support our previous conclusion that stromal cells and hematopoietic cells are not derived from a common marrow-derived adult stem cell. Table 1. Histochemical analysis (NSE) and FISH of LTCs from 9 patients with MDS
Breast Cancer in Iranian Woman: Incidence by Age Group, Morphology and Trends.

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the first cause of cancer death in women worldwide, with infiltrating duct carcinoma as the most common morphology. This study aimed to investigate trend of breast cancer incidence by age groups and histological changes in Iranian women between 2003 and 2008. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is analytic study, carried out based on re-analysis of the Cancer Registry Center report of health deputy for women's breast cancer in Iran during a 6-year period (2003-2008). Statistical analysis for incidence time trends and morphology change percentage carried out joinpoint regression analysis using the software Joinpoint Regression Program. RESULTS A total of 36,340 cases were reported for Iranian women in the six years. Analytical trend showed an increasing incidence trend with significant annual percentage change (APC) of 15.2 (CI: 11.6 to 18.8). The lowest and highest significant increased trend were related to age groups of 40 to 44 years and above 85 years, respectively; with APCs of 13.0 and 25.1, respectively. Of total cases, 78.7% of cases were infiltrating duct carcinoma, decreasing from 82.0% in 2003 to 76.6% in 2008, which was significant with an APC equal to -1.76 (CI:-2.7 to -0.8). CONCLUSIONS The incidence trend of breast cancer is rising in Iranian women. The highest incidence was observed in the age groups 45-65 and 80-85. In conclusion, to reduce breast cancer incidence and its burden, preventive and screening programs for breast cancer, especially in young women, are recommended in Iran.
Statistical Machine Translation of Croatian Weather Forecasts: How Much Data Do We Need?

This research is the first step towards developing a system for translating Croatian weather forecasts into multiple languages. This step deals with the Croatian-English language pair. The parallel corpus consists of a one-year sample of the weather forecasts for the Adriatic, consisting of 7,893 sentence pairs. Evaluation is performed by the automatic evaluation measures BLUE, NIST and METEOR, as well as by manually evaluating a sample of 200 translations. We have shown that with a small-sized training set and the state-of-the-art Moses system, decoding can be done with 96% accuracy concerning adequacy and fluency. Additional improvement is expected by increasing the training set size. Finally, the correlation of the recorded evaluation measures is explored.
Influence of age in estimating maximal oxygen uptake

Objective To assess the influence of age on the error of estimate (EE) of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) using sex and population specific-equations in cycle ergometer exercise testing, since estimated VO2 max is associated with a substantial EE, often exceeding 20%, possibly due to intrinsic variability of mechanical efficiency. Methods 1850 adults (68% men), aged 18 to 91 years, underwent maximal cycle ergometer cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was assessed relative to sex and age [younger (18 to 35 years), middle-aged (36 to 60 years) and older (> 60 years)]. VO2max [mL·(kg·min)−1] was directly measured by assessment of gas exchange and estimated using sex and population specific-equations. Measured and estimated values of VO2max and related EE were compared among the three age- and sex-specific groups. Results Directly measured VO2max of men and women were 29.5 ± 10.5 mL·(kg·min)−1 and 24.2 ± 9.0 mL·(kg·min)−1 (P < 0.01). EE [mL·(kg·min)−1] and percent errors (%E) for men and women had similar values, 0.5 ± 3.2 and 0.4 ± 2.9 mL·(kg·min)−1, and −0.8 ± 13.1% and −1.7 ± 15.4% (P > 0.05), respectively. EE and %E for each age-group were, respectively, for men: younger = 1.9 ± 4.1 mL·(kg·min)−1 and 3.8 ± 10.5%, middle-aged = 0.6 ± 3.1 mL·(kg·min)−1 and 0.4 ± 10.3%, older = −0.2 ± 2.7 mL·(kg·min)−1 and −4.2 ± 16.6% (P < 0.01); and for women: younger = 1.2 ± 3.1 mL·(kg·min)−1 and 2.7 ± 10.0%, middle-aged = 0.7 ± 2.8 mL·(kg·min)−1 and 0.5 ± 11.1%, older = -0.8 ± 2.3 mL·(kg·min)−1 and −9.5 ± 22.4% (P < 0.01). Conclusion VO2max were underestimated in younger age-groups and were overestimated in older age groups. Age significantly influences the magnitude of the EE of VO2max in both men and women and should be considered when CRF is estimated using population specific equations, rather than directly measured.
Multiplication of Toxoplasmas in Enucleate Fibroblasts 1

Summary Enucleation of fibroblasts was accomplished by centrifligation of glass adherent cells in media containing cytochalasin B. Toxoplasma gondii entered the enucleate cells and multiplied in them in a manner identical to that seen in normal fibroblasts. The results establish that the cellular factor required for multiplication of toxoplasmas is not derived from the nucleus.
Performance of the Pediatric-sized i-gel Compared with the Ambu AuraOnce Laryngeal Mask in Anesthetized and Ventilated Children

Background:This prospective, randomized, controlled trial compares the performance of the pediatric i-gel (Intersurgical Ltd., Wokingham, United Kingdom) with the Ambu AuraOnce laryngeal mask (Ambu A/S, Ballerup, Denmark) in anesthetized and ventilated children. Methods:With ethics committee approval and written informed consent, the authors included 208 children, aged 0–17 yr, scheduled for elective day-surgery under general anesthesia. The primary outcome variable was oropharyngeal leak pressure. Other outcome variables were first-attempt and overall success, time to sufficient ventilation, and adverse events. Results:Demographic data did not differ between groups. The leak pressure of the i-gel was significantly higher than the leak pressure of the Ambu (mean ± SD: 22 ± 5 cm H2O vs. 19 ± 3, P < 0.01). First-attempt success was 91% for the i-gel and 93% for the Ambu (P = 0.50). Overall success was 93% for the i-gel versus 98% for the Ambu (P = 0.10). Successfully inserted i-gels needed to be secured by taping in place to ensure the seal in 44% (0% with the Ambu, P < 0.01). Insertion was faster with the Ambu (24 ± 8 s vs. 27 ± 11, P = 0.02). There were no major side effects with either device. Conclusions:The leak pressure of the i-gel was statistically but not clinically significantly higher than the leak pressure of the Ambu. Time to insertion was longer with the i-gel. Both airway devices are suitable for positive pressure ventilation with high success rates in infants and children. Because the i-gel is prone to sliding out, it must be taped in place to avoid loss of the airway.