Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ratio Working Paper No . 222 Are Public Research Spin-O s More Innovative ?

The main purpose of this paper is to analyse whether research spin-offs, that is, spinoffs from either public research institutes or universities, have greater innovation capabilities than comparable knowledge-intensive firms created in other ways. Using a sample of about 2,800 firms from highly innovative sectors, propensity score matching is used to create a sample group of control firms that is comparable to the group of spin-offs. The paper provides evidence that the 121 research spin-offs investigated have more patent applications and more radical product innovations, on average, compared to similar firms. The results also show that research spin-offs’ superior innovation performance can be explained by their high level of research cooperation and by location factors. An urban region location and proximity to the parent institution are found to be conducive to innovation productivity. The paper also finds evidence that research spin-offs are more successful in attracting support from public innovation support programs in comparison to their peers.
Type II Supernova Spectral Diversity. II. Spectroscopic and Photometric Correlations

We present an analysis of observed trends and correlations between a large range of spectral and photometric parameters of more than 100 type II supernovae (SNe II), during the photospheric phase. We define a common epoch for all SNe of 50 days post-explosion, where the majority of the sample is likely to be under similar physical conditions. Several correlation matrices are produced to search for interesting trends between more than 30 distinct light-curve and spectral properties that characterize the diversity of SNe II. Overall, SNe with higher expansion velocities are brighter, have more rapidly declining light curves, shorter plateau durations, and higher 56Ni masses. Using a larger sample than previous studies, we argue that “Pd”—the plateau duration from the transition of the initial to “plateau” decline rates to the end of the “plateau”—is a better indicator of the hydrogen envelope mass than the traditionally used optically thick phase duration (OPTd: explosion epoch to end of plateau). This argument is supported by the fact that Pd also correlates with s3, the light-curve decline rate at late times: lower Pd values correlate with larger s3 decline rates. Large s3 decline rates are likely related to lower envelope masses, which enables gamma-ray escape. We also find a significant anticorrelation between Pd and s2 (the plateau decline rate), confirming the long standing hypothesis that faster declining SNe II (SNe IIL) are the result of explosions with lower hydrogen envelope masses and therefore have shorter Pd values.
Properties of Luvisol and spring barley yield as affected by peas as a catch crop

The share of cereals in the total area of agricultural crops is currently too high, which leads to deterioration of soil properties and makes it difficult to obtain high yields. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of field pea grown as a catch crop on soil properties and yielding capacity of spring barley cultivated after the catch crop, in a cereal crop rotation. Three treatments of catch crop management were studied: A – catch crop ploughed in in the autumn, B – catch crop left as mulch for the winter, C – control (without a catch crop). Experiments were carried out on a Luvisol (LV) in a randomized block design. The catch crop biomass ploughed in significantly improved moisture and reduced compaction of the topsoil before sowing spring barley. Use of field pea as a catch crop increased enzymatic activity and mineral nitrogen content in the soil before sowing and during tillering of barley. The effect of mulch was stronger than that obtained in the treatment with biomass ploughed in in the autumn. Catch crop significantly improved the yield of spring barley, which was mainly due to increasing the number of spikes and grains per spike in barley grown after the catch crop ploughed in, and due to increasing the number of grains per spike in the treatments with mulch. Physical and biological properties of soil in cereal crop rotations may be substantially improved by catch crop, especially used as mulch. Catch crop influence on spring barley yield was independent of its management method.
Do new ways of working increase informal learning

This paper is the first study on the impact of new ways of working (NWW) on informal learning at work. Controlling for a wide range of known antecedents of informal learning, we find that NWW, as an aggregate construct, are positively related to employees’ informal learning in the Netherlands. This relation is partially mediated by the frequency with which employees receive feedback from their supervisor and co-workers. This mediating effect mostly runs via critical feedback and less so via positive feedback. However, the direct effect of NWW on informal learning is greater than the total indirect effect. Further analysis shows that one particular NWW facet, access to organizational knowledge, is an independent driver of informal learning that is hardly mediated by receiving feedback. Our findings suggest that human resource and general managers who seek new ways to stimulate informal learning can do so by giving their employees more access to organizational knowledge, for instance, by leveraging the potential of modern information and communication technologies.
Subject Discretizing Transient Current Densities in the Maxwell Equations

Summary We will briefly discuss a technique for applying transient volumetric current sources in full-wave, time-domain electromagnetic simulations which avoids the need for divergence cleaning. The method involves both "edge-elements'' and "face-elements'' in conjunction with a particle-in-cell scheme to track the charge density. Results from a realistic, 6.7 million element, 3D simulation are shown. While the author may have a finite element bias the technique should be applicable to finite difference methods as well.
A new genus for the extinct Hispaniolan monkey Saimiri bernensis Rímoli, 1977 : with notes on its systematic position. American Museum novitates ; no. 3134

The extinct Hispaniolan primate heretofore known as Saimiri bernensis is distinct in numerous ways from true squirrel monkeys and all other known Recent mainland platyrrhines. We therefore remove it to a new genus, Antillothrix. Parsimony analysis of 32 craniodental characters indicates that the closest known relative of Antillothrix is the newly described (and likewise extinct) Cuban platyrrhine Paralouatta varonai (supported by 5 unambiguously placed synapomorphies of maxillary fourth premolar and maxillary and mandibular first molars). The sister group ofAntillothrix and Paralouatta is Callicebus (supported by 3 unambiguously placed synapomorphies of mandibular and maxillary canines). This clade is sister to a grouping consisting of extant atelids and Stirtonia (sister-group arrangement supported by 1 unambiguously placed synapomorphy, large zygomaticofacial foramen relative to buccolingual breadth of maxillary first molar).
Climate change impacts on hydroclimatic regimes and extremes over Andean basins in central Chile

Abstract. This study examines the projections of hydroclimatic regimes and extremes over Andean basins in central Chile (∼ 30–40 S). We have used daily precipitation and temperature data based on observations to drive and validate the VIC macro-scale hydrological model in the region of interest at a 0.25 × 0.25 degree resolution. Historical (1960–2005) and projected, following the RCP8.5 scenario (2006–2099), daily precipitation and temperatures from 26 CMIP5 climate models are bias corrected and used to drive the VIC model to obtain regional hydroclimate projections. Following the robust drying and warming shown by CMIP5 models in this region, the VIC model simulations indicate decreases in annual runoff of about 40 % by the end of the century, larger that the projected precipitation decreases (up to 30 %). Center timing of runoff shifts to earlier dates, 3–5 weeks by the end of the century. The Andes snowpack is projected to be less than half of the reference period by mid-century. The projected hydroclimatic regime is also expected to increase the severity and frequency of extreme events. The probability of having extended droughts, such as the recently experienced mega-drought (2010–2015), increases to up to 5 events/100 years. On the other hand, probability density function of annual maximum daily runoff indicates an increase in the frequency of flood events. The estimated return periods of annual maximum runoff events depict more drastic changes and increase in the flood risk as longer return periods are considered (e.g. 25-yr and 50-yr).
A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF POPULATIONS OF TIGER BEETLES IN THE CICINDELA LONGILABRIS COMPLEX FROMTHE BLACK HILLS OF SOUTH DAKOTA

Three phenotypes within the Cicindela longilabris complex are present in the vicinity of the Black Hills in South Dakota: Laurent's boreal long-lipped tiger beetle, Cicindela longilabris laurentii; the prairie long-lipped tiger beetle, Cicindela nebraskana; and a third phenotype that shares characteristics of both spe- cies. By comparing morphological and ecological characteristics between these three phenotypes, I was able to separate C. longilabris and C. nebraskana using ventral and proepisternal color, presence or absence of a middle band on the elytra, elytral luster, labral width:length ratio, and hind tarsal length. Somewhat less useful characters were labral color and total length. The third phenotype was often not assignable to either species and probably represents hybrid populations, showing gene flow (introgression and recombination) between C. longilabris and C. nebraskana, as individuals were often found in overlapping prairie/boreal habitats at inter- mediate altitudes.
Testing the CAPM in Bosnia and Herzegovina with Continuously Compounded Returns

Abstract The capital markets of neighboring transitional Western Balkan countries have attracted a lot of interest from domestic and international investors in the last decade, who view them as an attractive alternative to investing in more developed markets. These markets are characterized by higher returns, and higher volatility of stock returns as compared to those of developed markets. The recent economic and financial crises devastated capital markets worldwide. The new Bosnian capital market faced its hardest times following the withdrawal of international investors. The aim of this paper is to explore whether there is a standard relation between stock returns and market portfolio returns, as proposed by the Sharpe-Lintner Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), in the stock market of Bosnia and Herzegovina. We tested the model hypotheses with a traditional two-stage regression procedure using the OLS method, using continuously compounded (logarithmic) returns on stocks. Our study indicates that despite the crisis the systematic risk measured by the beta coefficient is priced and that the beta premium is positive. Nevertheless, the Security Market Line (SML) intercepts the ordinate lower than the risk free rate of return. Other factors might also influence stock returns in this market.
Sunn Hemp: A Legume Cover Crop with Potential for the Midwest?

Crops like corn and soybean occupy vast area in the Midwest, USA. When land is left fallow after the harvest of these crops, a number of degradation factors operate and bring about soil erosion, nutrient loss, decreased soil organic carbon, reduced biological activity and increase in weed biomass. Integrating cover crops (CCs) into this system would build benefits that the very system lacks. There are various CCs available, but leguminous CCs allows for reduced application of fertilizer nitrogen and builds the soil fixed atmospheric nitrogen. Winter CCs are restricted in the Midwest because of the short planting window which greatly minimizes the biomass accumulation. Warm season CCs would serve well here. Sunn hemp is one such tropical CC that grows well in temperate conditions too, without producing seeds. It comes with many benefits - including decreased soil erosion, improved soil organic carbon, increase in soil fixed nitrogen, higher biomass that adds organic matter and N to the soil, reduced weed density and weed biomass. The timing and method of termination influences the residue management. Going by the benefits it adds, sunn hemp is a viable warm season CC that can be grown in the Midwest and has great potential in fallows, prevented plant acres, areas of crop failure (planted and failed) and also in areas after the harvest of the short season small grains or processing crops. However, intensive research on sunn hemp is needed in the Midwest which is discussed.
Subject choice and inequalities in access to higher education

 There are significant social inequalities in access to Higher Education in Scotland and Ireland. However, the importance of subject choice in reproducing these inequalities varies in the two countries.  Pupils from working class backgrounds in Scotland take fewer academic subjects – those that facilitate access to Higher Education – than in Ireland. This pattern has remained persistent for the last 30 years.  Although the level of social inequality in Higher Education entry has fallen over time, it has reduced more in Ireland than in Scotland.  Social inequalities in entry to Higher Education are mostly explained by subject choice in Scotland. By contrast, they are more strongly associated with academic performance in Ireland.  Patterns of social inequality and the role of school subject choice varies by type of Higher Education institution both in Scotland and Ireland. Subject choice and inequalities in access to Higher Education: Comparing Scotland and Ireland
Gender-Based Cooperative Educational Program on Woman Cooperative in Blitar Regency

Women Cooperative ( Kopwan ) has a very big role in improving the economy and welfare of the family. Similarly, it happens in Kopwan formed in rural areas throughout the province of East Java, Kopwan formed engaged in savings and loans are expected to increase the participation of women in rural areas and improve the welfare of their family. Kopwan member participation that exists today has not been fully maimized. Based on the preliminary study, the lack of participation of members is due to their lack of knowledge about the cooperative and its benefits. Therefore, members of Kopwan need additional education on cooperatives to improve their knowledge and to become more active in cooperative activities. Overall, this research can be developed gender-based cooperative education program that is in accordance with the needs of members and will be used to enhance Cooperativeeducation and training which has been there all along, especially for Kopwan . Keywords : Gender-Based Education
Settlement behaviour of a cement-stabilised Malaysian clay

Soft clay soils often cause difficulties in construction operation with their low strength and low stiffness nature. However the engineering properties of these clay soils can be enhanced by adding ordinary Portland cement (OPC) for modification or stabilisation purposes. This paper describes the application of the cement stabilisation technique for improving the engineering properties of a soft Malaysian clay. The objectives of this study are two-fold: firstly, to study the settlement behaviour of the cement-treated clay using standard oedometers; and secondly, to explore the equal strain approach for predicting the settlement pattern of a stabilised columnar system for the clay. The quantities of cement added to the clay were 5 %, 10 % and 20 % by dry weight of the clay. The specimens were next cured in dry condition for 7, 14 and 28 days respectively to allow for investigation of the curing effect. The oedometer test results showed that cement is effective in enhancing the settlement resistance of the originally weak clay soil, and interestingly, compressibility of the clay was not markedly improved for specimens left to cure for longer periods than 7 days. In addition, settlement prediction of the stabilised columnar system using the equal strain approach showed that a columnar inclusion test in the oedometer can simulate the compressibility behaviour of a single column system with sufficient accuracy.
The SLUGGS survey: multipopulation dynamical modelling of the elliptical galaxy NGC 1407 from stars and globular clusters

We perform in-depth dynamical modelling of the luminous and dark matter (DM) content of the elliptical galaxy NGC 1407. Our strategy consists of solving the spherical Jeans equations for three independent dynamical tracers: stars, blue GCs and red GCs in a self-consistent manner. We adopt a maximum-likelihood Markov-Chain Monte Carlo fitting technique in the attempt to constrain the inner slope of the DM density profile (the cusp/core problem), and the stellar initial mass function (IMF) of the galaxy. We find the inner logarithmic slope of the DM density profiles to be $\gamma = 0.6\pm0.4$, which is consistent with either a DM cusp ($\gamma = 1$) or with a DM core $(\gamma = 0)$. Our findings are consistent with a Salpeter IMF, and marginally consistent with a Kroupa IMF. We infer tangential orbits for the blue GCs, and radial anisotropy for red GCs and stars. The modelling results are consistent with the virial mass--concentration relation predicted by $\Lambda$CDM simulations. The virial mass of NGC 1407 is $\log$ $M_{\rm vir} = 13.3 \pm 0.2 M_{\odot}$, whereas the stellar mass is $\log M_* = 11.8 \pm 0.1 M_{\odot}$. The overall uncertainties on the mass of NGC 1407 are only 5 per cent at the projected stellar effective radius. We attribute the disagreement between our results and previous X-ray results to the gas not being in hydrostatic equilibrium in the central regions of the galaxy. The halo of NGC 1407 is found be DM dominated, with a dynamical mass-to-light ratio of $M/L=260_{-100} ^{+174} M_{\odot}/L_{\odot, B}$. However, this value can be larger up to a factor of 3 depending on the assumed prior on the DM scale radius.
The Critical Factors Affecting e-Government Adoption in Indonesia: A Conceptual Framework

Electronic government (E-government) is the use of information and communication technology by the government to increase the service to citizens. E-government also could be applied on the legislative and judicative to improve internal efficiency of democratic governance. However, technological, governing and social issues have to treat carefully in order to adopt these phenomena. This study aims to find critical factor that influence e-government adoption. Furthermore, comprehensive analysis base on the bibliometric technic on various resources has been chosen to guide this work. Several dependent variables such as information quality, trust, and system quality also considered relevant were integrated with the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) constructs as examining variables affecting the adoption of e-government. Finally, this study found a formulation of the conceptual framework on the basis of existing experience and their relationship.
Influence of TiO 2 nanoparticles on enhancement of optoelectronic properties of PFO-based light emitting diode

Improvement on optoelectronic properties of poly (9,9′-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2.7-diyl)- (PFO-) based light emitting diode upon incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) is demonstrated. The PFO/TiO2 nanocomposites with different weight ratios between 5 and 35wt. % were prepared using solution blending method before they were spin coated onto Indium Tin Oxide substrate. Then a thin Al layer was deposited onto the nanocomposite layer to act as top electrode. The nanocomposites were tested as emissive layer in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The TiO2 NPs played the most crucial role in facilitating charge transport and electrical injection and thus improved device performance in terms of turn-on voltage, electroluminescence spectra (EL), luminance, and luminance efficiency. The best composition was OLED with 5 wt. % TiO2 NPs content having moderate surface roughness and well distribution of NPs. The device performance was reduced at higher TiO2 NPs content due to higher surface roughness and agglomeration of TiO2 NPs. This work demonstrated the importance of optimum TiO2 NPs content with uniform distribution and controlled surface roughness of the emissive layer for better device performance.
Socio-cultural factors and youth entrepreneurship in rural regions

Purpose – This paper aims to demonstrate the impact of two important socio-cultural factors on the level of the entrepreneurial activity of young individuals in rural regions. Design/methodology/approach – Our empirical study is based on a sample collected from an adult population survey, and analyzed using a logit model that controls for territorial and aging sources of heterogeneity. Our theoretical framework is anchored on a contingency perspective that emphasizes the unique influences of the contextual environment in driving entrepreneurial behavior. Findings – The main findings of our study is that in Spain the likelihood of being entrepreneurially active is no different for young and old individuals, and between rural and urban regions. Surprisingly, unlike shown in most studies, entrepreneurial role models do not have any effect on the entrepreneurship by young individuals in rural regions of Spain, while the negative impact of fear of failure in the entrepreneurship on young individuals in rural regions is much higher compared to the rest of the population. Originality/value – Our findings reveal that the context (regional) has a more significant impact on entrepreneurship for some segments (younger individuals) of the population than for others.
Lipschitz and bilipschitz maps on Carnot groups

Suppose A is an open subset of a Carnot group G and H is another Carnot group. We show that a Lipschitz function from A to H whose image has positive Hausdorff measure in the appropriate dimension is bilipschitz on a subset of A of positive Hausdorff measure. We also construct Lipschitz maps from open sets in Carnot groups to Euclidean space that do not decrease dimension. Finally, we discuss two counterexamples to explain why Carnot group structure is necessary for these results.
Teori “Gado-gado” Pierre-Felix Bourdieu

Bourdieu merupakan salah satu tokoh yang masuk ke dalam postmodernism. Pemikirannya dilatarbelakangi pertentangan yang tajam antara dua kubu yang berseteru yaitu strukturalisme dan eksistensialisme. Bertitik tolak dari pemikiran kedua aliran ini, Bourdieu membuat teori campuran atau teori “gado-gado” yaitu struktural konstruktif atau sering juga disebut teori praktik sosial. Konsep penting dalam teori praktik Bourdieu yaitu, habitus, arena/ranah/medan (field), kekerasan simbolik (symbolic violence), modal (capital), dan strategi (strategy). Teori “gado-gado” Bourdieu mempunyai pengaruh yang sangat besar dalam ilmu-ilmu sosial umumnya terlebih dalam Ilmu Kajian Budaya. Menurut Bourdieu, subjek atau agen bertindak dalam kehidupannya sehari-hari dipengaruhi oleh struktur atau aturan yang ada dalam masyarakat. Namun agen dalam tindakannya bukan seperti boneka yang bergerak sesuai dengan aturan yang menggerakkan. Sebaliknya, agen dalam tindakannya bukan bertindak sesuka hatinya tanpa diatur oleh rambu-rambu dalam hal ini aturan atau budaya. Agen dalam tindakannya sangat dipengaruhi oleh aturan yang berlaku dalam masyarakat. Individu sebagai agen dipengaruhi oleh habitus, di sisi yang lain individu adalah agen yang aktif untuk membentuk habitus. Agen dibentuk dan membentuk habitus melalui modal yang dipertaruhkan di dalam ranah. Praktik merupakan suatu produk dari relasi antara habitus dan ranah dengan melibatkan modal di dalamnya.