Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Case Study on Experiences of Clinical Preceptors in the Undergraduate Nursing Program

Clinical education is one of the most important components of a nursing curriculum as it develops the students’ cognitive, psychomotor and affective skills. Clinical teaching ensures the integration of knowledge into practice. As the numbers of students increase in the field of nursing coupled with the faculty shortage, clinical preceptors are the best choice to ensure student learning in the clinical settings. The clinical preceptor role has been introduced in the undergraduate nursing programme. In Pakistan, this role emerged due to a faculty shortage. Initially, two clinical preceptors were hired. This study will explore clinical preceptors views and experiences of precepting Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BScN) students in an undergraduate program. A case study design was used. As case studies explore a single unit of study such as a person or very small number of subjects; the two clinical preceptors were fundamental to the study and served as a single case. Qualitative data were obtained through an iterative process using in depth interviews and written accounts from reflective journals that were kept by the clinical preceptors. The findings revealed that the clinical preceptors were dedicated to their roles and responsibilities. Another, key finding was that clinical preceptors’ prior knowledge and clinical experience were valuable assets to perform their role effectively. The clinical preceptors found their new role innovative and challenging; it was stressful at the same time. Findings also revealed that in the clinical agencies there were unclear expectations and role ambiguity. Furthermore, clinical preceptors had difficulty integrating theory into practice in the clinical area and they had difficulty in giving feedback to the students. Although this study is localized to one university, generalizations can be drawn from the results. The key findings indicate that the role of a clinical preceptor is demanding and stressful. Clinical preceptors need preparation prior to precepting students on clinicals. Also, institutional support is fundamental for their acceptance. This paper focuses on the views and experiences of clinical preceptors undertaking a newly established role and resonates with the literature. The following recommendations are drawn to strengthen the role of the clinical preceptors: A structured program for clinical preceptors is needed along with mentorship. Clinical preceptors should be provided with formal training in teaching and learning with emphasis on clinical teaching and giving feedback to students. Additionally, for improving integration of theory into practice, clinical modules should be provided ahead of the clinical. In spite of all the challenges, ten more clinical preceptors have been hired as the faculty shortage continues to persist. Keywords—Baccalaureate nursing education, clinical education, clinical preceptors, nursing curriculum.
Age structure and diameter distribution in a southern Swedish beech dominated landscape

Tree ages and tree diameters were investigated in an 800 ha south Swedish beech dominated landscape with old-growth associated conservational values. Ca. 1200 trees from 53 sites with beech present were used in the analysis. At landscape level, the tree diameter distribution revealed a rotated sigmoid pattern without logarithmic transformation, well in accordance with existing models of size structure and suggesting that the forest is under a small-scale disturbance regime. The age distribution at the landscape scale was irregular with prominent peaks and absent recruitment periods, suggesting occurrence of disturbances. The analysis of age over diameter showed that there was a low age-diameter correlation. Age distribution revealed existence of three cohorts that originated in the periods 1720-1760, 1850-1900 and 1930-1950 between which low recruitment of regeneration occurred. Forest utilisation is suggested to be a major reason for the irregular age structure and the different cohorts' history.
Acid-free microwave-assisted hydrothermal extraction of pectin and porous cellulose from mango peel waste – towards a zero waste mango biorefinery

Mango is the second most consumed tropical fruit after banana and the by-products of mango processing (peel, kernel and seed) roughly comprise 35–60% of the total fruit weight, thus representing a potentially high volume resource of exploitable biobased chemicals and materials. Herein, conversion and characterisation of waste mango peels from three different cultivars (Alphonso, Honey and Tommy Atkins) into pectin and porous cellulose using low temperature microwave-assisted acid-free hydrolytic conditions is reported. Microwave-assisted acid-free extraction yielded up to 11.63% (dry weight basis) of pectin which was characterised by IR, NMR (both solution and solid phase) and TGA which showed close similarity to commercial (acid extracted) pectin. The degree of esterification of pectin was determined by 13C NMR (75.6–86.2%) and titrimetry (79.3–87.7%) and the pectin showed excellent gelling ability. The molecular weight as determined by GPC was in the range 14 130 (Honey)–25 540 (Tommy Atkins). Porosity measurements on the depectinated residue, i.e., residual cellulosic matter showed mesoporous characteristics: average pore diameter, 9.3 nm (Alphonso)–10.5 nm (Honey), however with poor surface area 16.3 m2 g−1 (Honey)–26.0 m2 g−1. Interestingly, a second microwave hydrothermal treatment on these residues retained mesoporosity whilst significantly increasing surface area (88.8 m2 g−1 (Honey)–124.0 m2 g−1 (Alphonso)) and pore volume by approximately six-fold. This is the first detailed combined study of microwave-assisted extraction to yield pectin and mesoporous cellulose towards a potential zero waste mango biorefinery.
REVISITING THE THREAT HYPOTHESIS: LATINO CONTEXT AND THE IMPACT ON REPRESENTATION

The growth of the Latino population in the U.S. raises a series of issues regarding the political implications of Latino presence in the U.S. Among these are considerations of the disenfranchised nature of a large component of the Latino voting age population and the potential economic and political “threat” Latino growth poses to the majority population. I consider the impact of Latino presence on the legislative action of members of the U.S. House, testing for the possibility that there exists a potential “threat relationship,” similar to that found by V.O. Key in the pre-Voting Rights Act South, between Latino context and action on immigration issues.This study tests whether larger proportions of Latinos in a House district may be positively related to increased legislative hostility on the part of representation from that district. Through polynomial and linear regression analysis, our results indicate that district Latino context does not encourage restrictionism. However, other semblances of a threat relationship may persist.
Use of the Money Supply in the Conduct of Japan's Monetary Policy: Re-Examining the Time-Series Evidence

Japan's money supply and its role in monetary policy have drawn considerable attention especially since the Bank of Japan adopted its "quantitative easing" scheme in March 2001. This paper focuses on the role of money supply as an information variable and reexamines the empirical relationship between money and economic activity with recent data extending through 2003. We show that the linkage between M2+CD and income or prices largely disappeared in the 1990s and explore possible reasons for this breakdown. The evidence suggests that (i) time deposits lost their predictive content for future economic activity in the 1990s, which seems a primary reason for the breakdown in the M2-income relationship, (ii) bank loans also became no longer useful in forecasting subsequent movements in output in the late 1990s, and (iii) there has been a close link between time deposits and bank loans throughout the period examined. We argue that Japan's persistent non-performing loans problem and ongoing efforts by firms and banks to trim excessive and inefficient bank loans may have caused the breakdown in the bank loan-income relationship and accordingly the breakdown in the M2-income relationship by way of time deposits over the last decade.
MDRGene Expression Analysis of Six Drug-Resistant Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines

Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynaecological malignancies. Multiple drug resistance makes cancer cells insensitive to chemotherapy. In this study, we developed six primary ovarian cancer cell lines (W1MR, W1CR, W1DR, W1VR, W1TR, and W1PR) resistant to drugs such as methotrexate, cisplatin, doxorubicin, vincristine, topotecan, and paclitaxel. A chemosensitivity assay MTT test was performed to assess drug cross-resistance. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were also performed to determine mRNA and protein expression of genes involved in chemoresistance. We observed high cross-resistance to doxorubicin, vincristine, and paclitaxel in the cell lines resistant to these agents. We also found a signi�cant correlation between resistance to these drugs and increased expression of P-gp. Two different mechanisms of topotecan resistance were observed in the W1TR and W1PR cell lines. We did not observe any correlation between MRP2 transcript and protein levels. Cell lines resistant to agents used in ovarian cancer treatment remained sensitive to methotrexate. e main mechanisms of drug resistance were due to P-gp expression in the doxorubicin, vincristine, and paclitaxel resistant cell lines and BCRP expression in the topotecan resistant cell line.
Toxic Choices: The Theory and Impact of Smoking Bans

Abstract This paper first proposes a theoretical model of smoker behaviour that serves as a vehicle to evaluate workplace smoking bans. It is a nicotine inventory management model where smoking during one phase of the day impacts utility in other phases. Smoking intensity choice forms part of the optimization. Calibrated model simulations suggest that, with the exception of heavy smokers, workplace bans have small impacts due to substitution possibilities. Quantile regression estimates support the theory. However, restrictions on smoking in the home are an order of greater importance, even when instrumented. The policy conclusion is that workplace ban effectiveness depends heavily upon private choices.
Effect of Storage on the Quality of Sachet-Vended Water in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana

Sachet water was introduced in Ghana to provide safe, hygienic and affordable instant drinking water to the general public. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of storage on the quality of sachet-vended water produced in the Tamale Metropolis. Two brands of sachet water were sampled freshly after production (Six packs or bags), transported to the laboratory and analysed. Samples of freshly prepared sachet water were then stored at ambient room temperature (at 27°C), in a refrigerator (at 4°C) and in the sun (at 40°C). Samples from these three storage methods were collected and analysed on a weekly and monthly basis for a period of three months. The physico-chemical parameters were within World Health Organization limits regardless of the mode of storage. The pH of sachet water ranged from 6.69 to 7.89 with a mean of 7.38 ± 0.31. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the physico-chemical parameters for the sachet water under the different storage conditions over the period. The concern however was the low concentration of these major ions, sodium, potassium, total hardness, calcium and magnesium which seem to pose direct health concerns. The counts of total heterotrophic bacteria ranged from 0.0 to 73 cfu/1ml with a mean of 19.16 (SD = 21.61) of the sachet water samples. Total heterotrophic bacteria regrowth was observed on the third week in all brands stored and gradually deceased numerically throughout the study period. Total coliform regrowth ranged from 0.0 to 5 cfu/100 ml. There was significant difference (p Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that Food and Drugs Authority and Ghana standard Board should ensure minerals concentrations of sachet water are improved to meet the general dietary requirement.
Managing knowledge capital in public libraries for a knowledge-driven socioeconomic environment

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify issues related to the management of intellectual capital in libraries. Intellectual capital and public libraries are closely related in our experiences and in our minds. In this viewpoint, the libraries and the information professionals, consciously or unconsciously, have been deeply involved in the management of library's knowledge capital resources. Understanding and managing the public libraries' knowledge capital is essential since conventional capital alone is no longer a sufficient condition for success. Design/methodology/approach – This paper provides a review of the fundamentals of intellectual capital and knowledge assets management for public libraries. Findings – A number of intricate management issues are discussed including social value creation and intellectual capital, library goodwill, cooperation and competition (co-opetition) dynamics within library networks and the physical location effect on library knowledge capital. Originality/valu.
A Review Of Creatine And Its Role In Muscle Strength And Balance

Creatine (Cr), a nitrogen-based amino acid-derivative, is most well-known in its supplemental powder form, creatine monohydrate, although it is ubiquitous throughout our food supply and within our skeletal muscles and organs. Creatine has recently been tested as a potential therapeutic treatment for disease states such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, heart failure, and kidney ischemia. The purpose of this research paper is to provide an overview of recent literature and to expand current understanding of the many roles of this important nutritional compound related to health, disease, and physical activity. Peer-reviewed research papers from the past decade (2007 – 2017) were obtained through an extensive search of the following search engines: MedlinePlus, PubMed, Science Direct, and SPORTDiscus.
The Time-Varying Volatility of Earnings and Aggregate Precautionary Savings

Micro data are used for the US over the period 1968 - 1992 to estimate time-varying specifications for the conditional variance of earnings of individual households. Specifications estimated are standard and quadratic ARCH and GARCH processes. The cross-sectional mean of the estimated time-varying uncertainty of individual households is found to have a significant impact on aggregate consumption growth implying that earnings uncertainty and precautionary saving motives matter for the aggregate economy. The estimation of a buffer stock model of consumption with time-varying earnings uncertainty provides an estimated precautionary component in aggregate consumption growth. The importance of this component is found to decrease over the sample period, a result which is in line with the existing literature.
A Thematic Analysis of Substance-Abusing Mothers’ and Their Children’s Discussions during Family Therapy

ii Acknowledgments . iii Vita . iv List of Figures . vi Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Chapter 2: Methods . 17 Chapter 3: Results. 23 Chapter 4: Discussion . 48 References . 60 Appendix A: Figure 1 . 70
Backpressure effects on the flow-pressure relation of driplines

Para o projeto e o manejo da irrigacao por gotejamento, e necessario o conhecimento da relacao entre vazao e pressao atuante sobre os emissores. Porem, o fenomeno da contrapressao, no caso do gotejamento subsuperficial, pode alterar as caracteristicas hidraulicas dos emissores. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a relacao entre a vazao e a pressao de diferentes tubogotejadores em condicoes superficiais e subsuperficiais, e as possiveis diferencas no comportamento hidraulico dos emissores nessas duas condicoes. Foram utilizados nos ensaios quatro emissores: dois autocompensantes (D5000 e Hydro PCND) e dois nao autocompensantes (TalDrip e Jardiline). A vazao destes foi obtida em condicao atmosferica e submersa em agua, em que os niveis de submersao representaram a contrapressao. Os ensaios foram realizados utilizando as pressoes de entrada de 80; 100; 120 e 150 kPa para o tubo gotejador Hydro PCND e 25; 50; 100 e 150 kPa, para os demais, e contrapressoes de 0,49; 1,47; 2,45; 4,41 e 6,37 kPa, com quatro repeticoes. Os emissores tiveram suas constantes de proporcionalidade e expoentes de descarga alterados em aplicacao submersa. Emissores nao autocompensantes tiveram seu expoente de descarga diminuido, enquanto nos autocompensantes, este aumentou. A vazao de emissores foi reduzida pelo efeito da contrapressao, em todas as pressoes avaliadas.
University of Southern Denmark Non-perturbative improvement of the axial current in N_f = 3 lattice QCD with Wilson fermions and tree-level improved gauge action

The coefficient cA required for O(a) improvement of the axial current in lattice QCD with Nf = 3 flavors of Wilson fermions and the tree-level Symanzik-improved gauge action is determined non-perturbatively. The standard improvement condition using Schrödinger functional boundary conditions is employed at constant physics for a range of couplings relevant for simulations at lattice spacings of ≈ 0.09 fm and below. We define the improvement condition projected onto the zero topological charge sector of the theory, in order to avoid the problem of possibly insufficient tunneling between topological sectors in our simulations at the smallest bare coupling. An interpolation formula for cA(g 0) is provided together with our final results. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3. E-mail address: heitger@uni-muenster.de (J. Heitger). http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb. 2015.05. 003 0550-3213/© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3. 556 ALPHA Collaboration / Nuclear Physics B 896 (2015) 555–568
Promoting Role Breadth Self-Efficacy Through Involvement, Work Redesign and Training

This article examines the influence of organizational practices on role breadth self-efficacy (RBSE); a person’s confidence in performing proactive, interpersonal tasks that go beyond traditional boundaries. A longitudinal study showed that increased task control, membership of an active improvement group, and breadth of training were associated with increased RBSE. Providing a stronger basis for causal inference, membership of active improvement groups at Time 1 also had a positive lagged effect on later RBSE. These findings support the proposition that RBSE can be enhanced via organizational intervention. The study also showed that, after controlling for greater involvement, job enlargement had a negative lagged effect on RBSE. This suggests the potential detrimental consequences of enlarging jobs without also expanding employees’ autonomy and influence.
Effect of zinc, copper, iron, manganese and boron on the yield and yield components of wheat crop in Tehsil Peshawar

A field experiment was conducted in a commercial wheat grower's field, to study the combined effect of micronutrients, zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), boron (B) and a source of commercial micronutrients called Zarzameen on the yield and the yield components of wheat crop at Wahid Garhi, Peshawar, Pakistan. Different combinations of Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, B and Zarzameen were applied at the rate of 4.0, 2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 1.0 kg ha and 1.0 kg ha, respectively, along with a basal dose of 100 kg ha nitrogen (N), 75 kg ha phosphorus (P), 50 kg ha potassium (K). The fertilizer treatments (macro and micro nutrients) increased wheat dry matter, grain yield, and straw yield significantly over control. Soil contents of B and Zn were increased both at boot and harvesting stage and Fe only at boot stage with the addition of micronutrients. Plants of -B treatments had showed classical B deficiency symptoms at grain formation stage but not at vegetative stage. Boron concentration in the dry matter of wheat plants increased with the addition of the B fertilizer in the soil. Results of the experiment demonstrated that soil under experiment was deficient in B with the deficiency of N, P or K.
Assessment of Physicochemical Properties of Textile Wastewaters and Screening of Bacterial Strains for Dye Decolourisation

Textile industries considerably contributes to water pollution of adjoining surface water bodies which in turn remarkably alters biological, chemical and physical nature of the water bodies. In the present investigation, textile wastewater samples were collected from Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP), Pali, Rajasthan, to monitor the quality of effluent generated by CETP. Grab Sampling was carried out in the months of October-2011 and April-2012 in accordance with standard procedures (APHA, 1998). The objectives of present study were to assess the major physicochemical parameters like temperature, pH, colour, DO, BOD, COD, alkalinity, chloride, hardness, nitrate, phosphate, TS, TDS of inlet, primary clariflocculator, aeration tank and outlet . The second objective was to isolate and characterize the indigenous bacterial strains which would decolourise textile diazo dye from the above mentioned sites. A total of 10 bacterial strains were isolated and were screened for their dye decolourising efficacy. The preliminary screening was carried out by plate assay which exhibited clear zones around bacterial colonies. The final screening was carried out in screening broth supplemented with 200mg/l diazo dye under standard conditions of temperature (37°C), pH(7.2) and incubation period(48-72 hours). Dye decolurising efficacy of bacterial strains was expressed as decrease in absorbance (λmax=495.5nm) from initial 1.213 to final 0.211,0.194. 0.28 for Staphylococcus sp. (82.54%), Serratia sp. (84%) and Micrococcus sp. (76.57%)respectively.
A Simulation Model of IEEE 802.1AS gPTP for Clock Synchronization in OMNeT++

The aim of this paper is to describe a developed simulation model of the gPTP protocol for time synchronization in OMNeT++ using the INET library. gPTP is part of the IEEE TSN standards. Unfortunately, there is currently no simulation model of gPTP available. Therefore, we developed a new simulation model, compared it to results from the state-ofthe-art, and would like to share it with the OMNeT++ community. The simulation model is based on the IEEE 802.1AS specification for full-duplex Ethernet according to a given network topology and use case scenario to analyze the results of the simulation as well as to provide a comparison with results from the state-of-the-art. Time synchronization and propagation delay measurements between time-aware systems are considered and results show that the simulation model works as expected.
Towards a Comprehensive Model of Recovery

Most people with eating disorders do recover, but they do so according to changing diagnostic criteria and the many different definitions of recovery and the recovery process appearing in the literature. The definitions of recovery rest on various assumptions about the nature of eating disorders and the nature of “normality”, risk factor research as well as on targets for change and end points developed within specific therapeutic traditions.