Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Language-specific listening : the case of phonetic sequences

The research reported in this thesis focuses on the processing of phonetic sequences in both native and non-native spoken language. For the recognition of spoken words adult listeners have learned early in life to make use of phonological regularities that are specific to their native language. But listeners can also learn a second, non-native, language later in life. To what extend can they decide to ignore information coming from the phonological structure of the native language when they listen to a non-native language? And to what extent can they make use of information coming from the phonological structure of the non-native language? The experimental results of this thesis show that adult listeners, when they encounter a non-native language, still apply procedures appropriate for spoken-language processing in their native language, irrespective of whether this facilitates processing or renders it less efficient. Highly proficient non-native listeners seem to succeed in using non-native procedures as well, at least for some aspects of spoken-word recognition. In conclusion, it can be said that the efficiency with which we can process spoken language in our native language reduces the efficiency in listening to a second language learned later in life, at least to the extent that the first and second language differ in aspects of phonological structure
Introducing global Englishes

Preface Chapter 1: The History of English Chapter 2: Language change and variation Chapter 3: English as a global language: issues and attitudes Chapter 4: Variation in 'Native' Englishes Chapter 5: The 'New' Englishes Chapter 6: English in Global Contexts Chapter 7: English as a Lingua Franca Chapter 8: Attitudes to English varieties and ELF Chapter 9: English language teaching Chapter 10: The future of English as a global language Glossary References Index
Team Machine: A Decision Support System for Team Formation

This paper reports on the cross-disciplinary research that resulted in a decision-support tool, Team Machine (TM), which was designed to create maximally diverse student teams. TM was used at a large United States university between 2004 and 2012, and resulted in significant improvement in the performance of student teams, superior overall balance of the teams as well as overwhelmingly favorable reactions from stakeholders. An empirical study is conducted comparing the performance of teams created by TM compared to teams manually allocated by a subject matter expert. The findings show that optimally balanced teams perform better than those created manually. TM serves as a broad-based example of how to integrate business analytics into interactive search by conflating human judgment with algorithmic efficiency in the context of team formation. The contribution of this research to the academic community is a model and solution method which can be easily implemented to solve a very important and recurring issue faced by many MBA programs and empirical evidence of its value. The outcomes of this study include empirical evidence of increased team performance, significant administrative time savings, improvement to team diversity, and increased satisfaction from students and administrators with the team formation process.
Study of Pathologic Mechanism Related Chiljeong-Based on a Literature Review of Donguibogam

Received: February 17, 2014 Revised: February 25, 2014 Accepted: February 28, 2014 Objectives: Chiljeong means the basic emotions containing joy, anger, anxiety, depression, fear and fright in Korean traditional medicine. Chiljeong was considered as a cause diseases or syndrome. The pathology of Chiljeong described the action of the gi and the principle of eumyangohaeng. When we treat the psychiatric symptoms in Korean traditional medicine, we need to understand the pathologic mechanism of Chiljeong. Methods: We extract the sentences regarding Chiljeong, Oji, Chilgi and Gugi along with the related words in Donguibogam. We analyze the selected sentences and classify the pathologic mechanism according to the general and seven emotions. Results: We found that several parts were related to Chiljeong, except the Sinmun, including the psychiatric symptoms in Donguibogam. Conclusions: The most frequently mentioned affected areas of basic Jangbu are Sim and Gan. The pathologic mechanism of general emotion was categorized by sentences into 4 groups, Giul, Dameum, Hwa and Heo.
A Note on the Intuiting of Form: Three Issues in the Theory of Design

Three issues in the theory of design Space syntax is a method with a theory attached. The method is the 'configurational' analysis of space which seeks to analyse spatial complexes in such a way as to identify structure at the level of the whole 'configuration'. The theory proposes that, in general, the form function relation in buildings and cities passes through the structural properties of whole configurations. If the theory is correct, it would follow that, because architects design form function systems (given a functional specification, find a suitable form), knowledge of spatial configuration must, implicitly or explicitly, be a key dimension of knowledge in the design domain of architecture. My aim in this note is not to reargue the proposition but to explore its implications, if true, for three issues in the theory of design. The first is how far design should be regarded as a legitimately intuitive process, as opposed to one which is intuitive by default, and awaiting emancipation to a systematic procedure. The second is how far design is, or should be, a top-down or bottom-up process. The third is how far there can be a domain-independent theory of design which includes architecture.
Facebook …encore, encore ! Rôle de l’affect, de l’habitude et de la surcharge informationnelle dans la continuité d’utilisation des réseaux sociaux numériques

Dans cet article, nous nous proposons de tester le role joue par l'habitude, l'affect et la surcharge informationnelle dans la continuite d'utilisation des reseaux sociaux numeriques. Pour ce faire, nous avons adopte une methodologie de recherche quantitative qui se base sur une enquete en ligne realisee aupres de 306 utilisateurs de Reseaux Sociaux Numeriques (RSN). Une serie d'analyses par les equations structurelles nous a permis de confirmer le role determinant de l'affect et de l'habitude sur l'intention de la continuite d'utilisation d'un tel outil.
Proceedings of the 8th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing

Welcome to MobiHoc 2007, the Eighth ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing, and to beautiful Montreal, Quebec, Canada! The first MobiHoc was held in 2000 in Boston, MA, as a workshop affiliated with the ACM MobiCom conference. Since then, MobiHoc has continued to evolved, first into a two-day separate symposium, and then into a three-day symposium, proceeded by a full day of tutorials. This year marks another change for MobiHoc, in its co-location with MobiCom. The co-location of the two conferences provides attendees with a unique opportunity to attend both programs, as well as joint plenary sessions. A total of 146 papers were submitted to the conference this year, from which the Technical Program Committee (TPC) selected the best 27 papers to make up the final program. As an indication of the international reach of the conference, this year's submitted papers came from authors in 24 different countries. The final program contains papers from 7 of these countries. Many of the papers submitted were of very high quality, and it is the committee's job to determine the top papers that are best suited for the conference. All submitted papers were judged based on their quality through double-blind reviewing, where the identities of the authors were withheld from the reviewers. The review process included first and second round reviews. Each paper received three to four independent first round reviews. This was followed by a second round review process, during which the reviewers participated in an online discussion about the merits of the paper. The goal was to reach consensus on the recommendation for the paper, which could be either accept, reject, or discuss during the TPC meeting. Additional reviews were sought prior to the program committee meeting in the case of papers that had reviews with diverging opinions or where no consensus could be reached during the second round review phase. Each paper was assigned a TPC Lead. Based on the online discussion, the TPC Lead entered an accept/discuss/reject recommendation for the paper. Prior to the meeting, each paper had between four and five reviews (including the TPC Lead recommendation) from program committee members. The TPC meeting was held in Boston, MA on April 13th . Approximately 45 papers were discussed during the full day meeting. Each TPC member reviewed an average of 11 papers before the meeting and was the TPC lead for three papers. In addition, many TPC members completed additional reviews during the course of the meeting. We sincerely appreciate and thank the program committee for their time, effort and enthusiasm. The quality of the conference is testament to their expertise and dedication. We thoroughly enjoyed working with them.
Giotto to Dürer: Early Renaissance Painting in the National Gallery

Part 1 The uses of paintings: Western Europe 1250-1500 maps Christian worship and imagery civic, dynastic and domestic art. Part 2 The painter: range and status the guilds contracts and commissions. Part 3 The making of paintings: the workshop members premises, tools and equipment drawings and props panels frames canvas painting grounds underdrawing gilding pigments glue size paintings egg tempera paintings oil painting in the Netherlands oil painting in Italy.
L’éducation à la santé et à la sexualité: conceptions d’enseignants et futurs enseignants de douze pays

RESUME. Ce travail analyse les reponses d’enseignants et futurs enseignants de 12 pays, choisis a cause de leurs contextes socio-economiques et culturels contrastes, a des questions ayant trait a l’Education a la Sante et a la Sexualite. Notre objectif est d'identifier en quoi ces conceptions varient, d'un pays a un autre, mais aussi au sein de chaque pays. Plusieurs analyses en composantes principales sont menees sur l’ensemble des variables « Education a la Sante et a la Sexualite » ainsi que sur l’ensemble des variables « Pratiques d’enseignement ». C'est surtout en fonction de representations sociales et de valeurs que se differencient les reponses des personnes interrogees. Ce sont les valeurs et representations relatives a l'Education a la Sexualite qui differencient le plus les pays, avec des positions plus traditionnelles, opposees a l'introduction de themes importants de cette education, dans les pays non europeens. De plus, les conceptions relatives aux pratiques d'enseignement different significativement d'un pays a un autre, ainsi que d'une categorie d'echantillon a une autre.
Productivity and Reuse in Language: A Theory of Linguistic Computation and Storage

Language allows us to express and comprehend an unbounded number of thoughts. This fundamental and much-celebrated property is made possible by a division of labor between a large inventory of stored items (e.g., affixes, words, idioms) and a computational system that productively combines these stored units on the fly to create a potentially unlimited array of new expressions. A language learner must discover a language's productive, reusable units and determine which computational processes can give rise to new expressions. But how does the learner differentiate between the reusable, generalizable units (for example, the affix -ness, as in coolness, orderliness, cheapness) and apparent units that do not actually generalize in practice (for example, -th, as in warmth but not coolth)? In this book, Timothy O'Donnell proposes a formal computational model, Fragment Grammars, to answer these questions. This model treats productivity and reuse as the target of inference in a probabilistic framework, asking how an optimal agent can make use of the distribution of forms in the linguistic input to learn the distribution of productive word-formation processes and reusable units in a given language. O'Donnell compares this model to a number of other theoretical and mathematical models, applying them to the English past tense and English derivational morphology, and showing that Fragment Grammars unifies a number of superficially distinct empirical phenomena in these domains and justifies certain seemingly ad hoc assumptions in earlier theories.
An evaluation of Digital Chisel 3.0 as a multimedia authoring tool in a year seven classroom

Most commercial interactive multimedia authoring packages arc designed to be used by teachers and trainers to build commercial training or classroom teaching applications (Handler, Dana, Peters & Moor, 1995; Magel, 1997). The evolution of interactive multimedia technologies however, has made it possible for students to become active.ly involved in creating their own interactive multimedia projects, and in so doing, gain considerable learning benefit (Lehrer 1993). Facilitating this in the classroom and particularly at the Year Seven level, requires the use of a cost-effective, purpose-built authoring tool. Digital Chisel 3.0 (DC3), was developed by Pierian Spring Software (1997), as just such a product. This study was a surnmative product evaluation, utilising qualitative methodology that assessed the effectiveness of DC3, as a multimedia authoring tool for student use in a Year Seven classroom. Two adult expert reviewers and four Year Seven students assisted with the evaluation. The sources of evidence for this study included the use of participant observation, conversational and semi-structured inteiView, video recording, questionnaire and anecdotal field notes. The process of analysis was inductive, using the Analytic Framework suggested by LeCompte, Millroy & Preissle, (I 992, pp. 763-
The 2014 DAF Survey at the University of Sheffield

The Data Asset Framework methodology has evolved to provide a model for institutional surveys of researchers’ data practices and attitudes. At least 13 such studies have been published in the UK and internationally. The aim of this paper is to analyse the results from the 2014 DAF survey at the University of Sheffield and to reflect on the comparability of this with previous published studies. Comparison of the Sheffield results with those of other institutions is difficult particularly because of the divergence of questions asked in the different studies. Nevertheless, in terms of data practices and identifying training priorities there are common patterns.
Timing analysis of transistor stack for leakage power saving

In low-voltage and low-Vt CMOS circuits, transistor stack effect can be used to control the leakage power dissipation. But it may lead to performance loss and larger dynamic power. In this paper, we analyze the relation between performance loss and leakage power dissipation saving when transistor stack is inserted. The variations of all kinds of timing parameters versus the number of transistors in the stack are demonstrated. Two kinds of stack architecture: NMOS and P-NMOS stack architectures are respectively simulated. The optimized number applied to different stack architecture is presented. How to use stack effect in leakage saving is classified and the strategy is also discussed in this paper. Furthermore, the comparison between NMOS and P-NMOS stack architecture is shown, which is helpful for designers make a choice.
Textile production in Italy, 1861-1913

Articoli precedenti sono stati dedicati alle industrie della seta, della lana e del cotone; in questa sede si presentano le stime relative ai manufatti di altre fibre, e la serie per l'intero settore tessile. La produzione di manufatti di juta si stima facilmente dai soli dati sul commercio estero, in quanto la fibra non era prodotta in Italia. La produzione di seta artificiale e a sua volta ben documentata dalle fonti sulla fibra naturale, e con l'ausilio dei dati sul commercio si stima senza difficolta la produzione dei tessuti corrispondenti. Sono piu problematiche le stime riferite al lino e alla canapa: la produzione nazionale di fibra e infatti documentata solo per pochi benchmarks, e va inoltre esclusa la parte assorbita dall'autoconsumo. Per il lino, bene di importazione, la produzione di fibra viene ricostruita interpolando i pochi dati attendibili, tenendo conto delle indicazioni degli esperti dell'epoca; con i dati del commercio si ottengono poi le stime delle quantita complessive passate alle successive lavorazioni. Per la canapa, ampiamente esportata come fibra grezza e lavorata, si impone come per la seta una stima a ritroso. Mancando in questo caso dati che permettano la ricostruzione della produzione di beni finali, si stima direttamente il consumo di questi in base ad un indice plausibile del consumo complessivo di canapa e succedanei, dai quali si detrae poi il consumo delle altre fibre; si nota in merito che nel corso degli anni Novanta l'aumento del prezzo relativo della canapa sembra averla trasformata da un bene usato prevalentemente per l'abbigliamento (e come tale succedaneo del lino e del cotone) in un bene usato quasi esclusivamente dall'industria (e succedaneo dunque della sola juta). L'autoconsumo di lino e canapa e stimato dapprima per i primi anni Ottanta, sulla base della distribuzione per provincia della produzione di fibra da un lato e della popolazione rurale dall'altra, e poi estrapolato in base da un lato alla produzione di lino, e dall'altro al consumo non industriale di canapa. Le stime del valore aggiunto a prezzi costanti indicano dal 1861 al 1913 una crescita relativamente lenta per l'intero settore, ma con notevoli differenze fra le sue componenti. Crescono infatti lentamente le industrie della seta e della lana; cresce rapidamente l'industria del cotone (e nascono le industrie della juta e della seta artificiale); la lavorazione industriale delle tradizionali fibre vegetali invece si dimezza. Tali diversita non sorprendono, in quanto i diversi prodotti di un unico settore industriale sono spesso sostituti, con costi e prezzi relativi che variano con il progresso tecnico; non si giustifica, piuttosto, la fiducia con la quale si usa attribuire a interi settori l'andamento della sola parte documentata.
E-moderating: the key to online teaching and learning

This unique role is articulated with ample support – visual models, matrixes, tables, examples, charts, and templates. Combined, these resources make the book a valuable reference during all phases of the research process. Part III of the book discusses both the need for this type of research and the reality of conducting it. Scholars new to the field will find the time needed to conduct high-quality EDR, a major constraint. Moreover, the road to publication is often more complex and challenging than more traditional types of research. The authors note these challenges, offer strategies for dealing with the challenges, and convey practical reasons for taking up the mantle of EDR. The community of EDR researchers is growing. As that community grows, so too will the strategies for negotiating a research agenda around this method. The book itself, then, offers a robust set of tools for conducting EDR as well as an opportunity for scholars to contribute meaningfully to that growing community.
Explicit Learning in the L2 Classroom: A Student-Centered Approach

Preface Chapter 1: Introduction or strolling down memory lane: Raising your awareness Chapter 2: A theoretical framework for the L2 learning process in SLA Chapter 3: Attention Chapter 4: Awareness Chapter 5: Foundations Chapter 6: Research methodology Chapter 7: Deconstructing the construct of learning Chapter 8: Location, location, location: Probing inside the box Chapter 9: Empirical studies investigating the role of attention/noticing in L2 development Chapter 10: Learning explicitly or implicitly: That is the question Chapter 11: Depth of processing during input processing Chapter 12: Toward a model of the L2 learning process in SLA Chapter 13: Toward the development of psycholinguistics-based e-tutors Chapter 14: Conclusion
Sculptured computational objects with smart and active computing materials

This thesis presents the creative, technological, and philosophical means and methodology, by which technology artists and researchers can materially and sculpturally transform physical computing technology from hard, remotely-designed, plastic shells, into intimately created, sensual computing objects and artifacts. It asserts that the rigid, square, and prefabricated physical materials of computing technology are a fundamental technological and artistic limitation to anyone who wishes to sensually transform physical computing technology, or develop a rich artistic vocabulary for it. Smart and active sculptural computing materials are presented as a solution to this problem. Practically, smart computing materials reduce the number of separate, rigid, and square prefabricated parts required to create physical computing objects. Artistically, active sculptural computing materials give artists and designers the ability to directly manipulate, shape, experiment with, and therefore aesthetically understand the real, physical materials of computing technology. Such active design materials will also enable creative people to develop a meaningful artistic relationship between physical form and computation. The total contributions of this thesis include a proposal for a future three-dimensional design/technology practice, a portfolio of sensually transformed expressive computational objects (including new physical interfaces, electronic fashions, and embroidered musical instruments), and the smart and active sculptural computing materials and processes (in this case smart textiles), which make that transformation possible. Projects from the design portfolio include: The Triangles, and its applications; Electronic Fashions, including the Firefly Dress and Necklace, New Year's Eve Ball Gown, and Serial Suit; The Musical Jacket; Electronic Tablecloths; and a series of Embroidered Musical Instruments with embroidered pressure sensors. Contributions from the supporting technical area include: the first fabric keypad (a row and column switch matrix), a new conductive yarn capable of tying and electrical/mechanical knot, an advanced process for machine embroidering highly conductive, flexible and visually diverse electrodes, an empirical model of complex impedance sensing, and a definition of and test for the machine sewability and flexibility of yarns. These contributions are presented in three sections: 1) the supporting arguments, and philosophy of materiality and computation behind this work, 2) the design portfolio, and 3) the supporting technical story. Thesis Supervisor: Tod Machover Title: Professor of Music and Media Sculpted Computational Objects with Smart and Active Computing Materials