Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disruption of P-Selectin Signaling Modulates Cell Trafficking and Results in Improved Outcomes after Mouse Warm Intestinal Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury

Background. This study analyzes the role of T lymphocytes and neutrophils (PMN) in intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) using either P-selectin blockade or elimination. Methods. Using a model of severe mouse warm intestinal IRI, the following groups were performed: group 1: wild type C57BL6 no treatment; group 2: wild type treated with r-PSGL1-Ig; group 3: C57BL6 genetically deficient in P-selectin. Survival was assessed at day 7; intestine was assayed for histopathology, apoptosis, myeloperoxidase (MPO), inflammatory cytokines, hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1), and CD3 lymphocytes. Standard statistical comparison was undertaken. Results. The survival was significantly (P<0.01) improved in the treatment groups: group 1, 50%; group 2, 90%; group 3, 100%. Graded histopathology and crypt apoptosis were improved in groups 2 and 3. MPO and CD3 positive cells were significantly reduced in groups 2 and 3. A significant reduction in inflammatory/Th1-type cytokines was seen in groups 2 and 3 as compared to group 1. Conversely, a significant increase in Th2-type cytokines and HO-1 production was seen selectively in groups 2 and 3. Conclusions. This study demonstrates the importance of P-selectin signaling in warm, murine intestinal IRI in that either the blockade of or the genetic deficiency in P-selectin confers a survival advantage and reduction in tissue injury/inflammation. The mechanism involves a reduction of PMN and CD3 T cell infiltration and an alteration in the cytokine microenvironment in favor of a Th2 profile. These data implicate T lymphocyte as an important regulatory cell in this inflammatory process.
The active site base controls cofactor reactivity in Escherichia coli amine oxidase: x-ray crystallographic studies with mutational variants.

Amine oxidases utilize a proton abstraction mechanism following binding of the amine substrate to the C5 position of the cofactor, the quinone form of trihydroxyphenylalanine (TPQ). Previous work [Wilmot, C. M. , et al. (1997) Biochemistry 36, 1608-1620] has shown that Asp383 in Escherichia coliamine oxidase (ECAO) is the catalytic base which performs the key step of proton abstraction. This paper explores in more depth this and other roles of Asp383. The crystal structures of three mutational variants are presented together with their catalytic properties, visible spectra, and binding properties for a substrate-like inhibitor, 2-hydrazinopyridine (2-HP), in comparison to those of the wild type enzyme. In wild type ECAO, the TPQ is located in a wedge-shaped pocket which allows more freedom of movement at the substrate binding position (C5) than for TPQ ring carbons C1-C4. A role of Asp383, whose carboxylate is located close to O5, is to stabilize the TPQ in its major conformation in the pocket. Replacement of Asp383 with the isostructural, but chemically distinct, Asn383 does not affect the location or dynamics of the TPQ cofactor significantly, but eliminates catalytic activity and drastically reduces the affinity for 2-HP. Removal of the side chain carboxyl moiety, as in Ala383, additionally allows the TPQ the greater conformational flexibility to coordinate to the copper, which demonstrates that Asp383 helps maintain the active site structure by preventing TPQ from migrating to the copper. Glu383 has a greatly decreased catalytic activity, as well as a decreased affinity for 2-HP relative to that of wild type ECAO. The electron density reveals that the longer side chain of Glu prevents the pivotal motion of the TPQ by hindering its movement within the wedge-shaped active site pocket. The results show that Asp383 performs multiple roles in the catalytic mechanism of ECAO, not only in acting as the active site base at different stages of the catalytic cycle but also in regulating the mobility of the TPQ that is essential to catalysis.
Universal data capture technology from semi-structured forms

This paper describes a universal technology for automated data capture from documents with similar data but different layouts, such as invoices, claim forms, resumes, contracts, loan documents, etc. Prior to data capture, the relevant data are detected on the document image. A formalization of top-down document analysis is suggested and a language for describing document structures is presented. Formalized descriptions in this language can be compiled into executable code. The process of matching such formalized descriptions with actual semi-structured documents in order to find the relevant data is described.
A Home Visiting Asthma Education Program: Challenges to Program Implementation

This study describes the implementation of a nurse home visiting asthma education program for low-income African American families of young children with asthma. Of 55 families, 71% completed the program consisting of eight lessons. The achievement of learning objectives was predicted by caregiver factors, such as education, presence of father or surrogate father in the household, and safety of the neighborhood, but not by child factors, such as age or severity of asthma as implied by the prescribed asthmamedication regimen. Incompatibility between the scheduling needs of the families and the nurse home visitors was a major obstacle in delivering the program on time, despite the flexibility of the nurse home visitors. The authors suggest that future home-based asthma education programs contain a more limited number of home visits but add telephone follow-ups and address the broader needs of low-income families that most likely function as barriers to program success.
Correlation between MRI findings and second-Look operation in cholesteatoma surgery.

Two-staged intact canal wall tympanoplasty is a common operation for treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma. MRI provides better tissue differentiation of the middle ear and/or mastoid, which often become occupied with soft density tissue after the first operation. If MRI was able to detect the presence of a recurrent or residual cholesteatoma with sufficient sensitivity and specificity, this may facilitate a decrease in the number of second-look procedures. This study compared MRI findings to surgical findings at second-look surgery and calculated the correlation rates between the two sets of findings. Thirty ears having undergone intact canal wall tympanoplasty for cholesteatoma at the initial operation were examined by MRI prior to the second look. Otoscopic findings of the tympanic membrane were nonsuspect in all cases. The true positive rate was 11/30 (37%) and the true negative rate was 10/30 (33%), leading to a radiosurgical correlation of 70%, whereas the false positive rate was 6/30 (20%) and the false negative rate was 3/30 (10%). This indicates that 30% of the MRI findings were incorrect. Therefore, at the present time, MRI does not appear as a likely replacement for second-look surgery in cases of intact canal wall tympanoplasty.
A rat model of smoke inhalation injury

Context: Smoke inhalation injury is the leading cause of acute respiratory failure in critical burn victims. Advances in the treatment of smoke inhalation injury have been limited in the past years. To further explore the pathogenesis, stable and practical animal models are necessary. Objective: To develop a rat model of smoke inhalation injury. Materials and methods: The smoke composition including the particulate matters, irritant gases, chemical carcinogens was measured. The blood gas values, pro-inflammatory and protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung wet to dry weight ratio were assayed. Pathological evaluations of pulmonary were performed at 24 h, 96 h, 7 days and 28 days post-injury. Masson–Goldner trichrome staining was performed on day 7 and 28 post-injury, along with the measurement of hydroxyproline and collagen I and III. Results: In our present animal model, smoke inhalation caused a significant hypoxemia and CO poisoning. A surge of pro-inflammatory response and microvascular hyperpermeability with neutrophils accumulations were also found in our animal model. At 24 h post-smoke inhalation, the hematoxylin and eosin results exhibited that there were inflammatory exudates and diffuse hemorrhage in the lung tissue with significant edema. With the time going, the lung injuries appeared at alveolar collapse and alveolar septum thickening, which indicated that smoke inhalation further induced damage to lung parenchyma. Specially, the markedly collagen deposition appeared at 28 days post-injury indicated that pulmonary fibrosis happened. Discussion and conclusion: In conclusion, this rat smoke inhalation injury model induced by our novel self-made smoke generator could be used for acute and chronic lung injury experiments.
Prognostic importance of the extent of coronary revascularisation in patients with acute coronary syndromes and multivessel disease: one-year prospective follow-up.

BACKGROUND Interventional treatment improves prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). However, despite introduction of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (MVD) remains significant. AIM To evaluate the risk of complications and the prognostic value of MVD in patients with ACS during 1-year follow-up. METHODS A group of 153 patients with ACS was followed up at a single cardiology unit with round-the-clock PCI capability. Treatment of ACS, the extent of revascularisation, and complications occurring during hospitalisation and 1-year follow-up were analysed. The end points of the study were defined as death from all causes, cardiac death, recurrent ACS and a composite end point (deaths from cardiac causes and recurrent ACS). RESULTS During 1-year follow-up, 11 (7.2%) patients died, including 10 patients with MVD without complete revascularisation. Recurrent ACS occurred in 18 (12%) patients, including 13 patients with MVD without complete revascularisation. Presence of a residual significant coronary stenosis in incompletely revascularised patients with MVD was an important risk factor for all-cause mortality and occurrence of a composite endpoint in comparison to MVD patients who underwent complete revascularisation (p = 0.028 and p = 0.046, respectively) and patients with single-vessel disease (p = 0.006 and p = 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Incomplete revascularisation during the acute phase of ACS was associated with an increased risk of complications and a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality and the combined rate of cardiovascular deaths and recurrent ACS. Single-stage PCI of all significant stenoses in MVD patients resulted in better outcomes.
Vital exhaustion and anxiety are related to subjective quality of life in patients with acute myocardial infarct before cardiac rehabilitation.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To examine psychological risk factors and somatic factors in patients after myocardial infarction. To study the relationship between somatic and psychological factors, their influence on subjective quality of life (well-being) and also to examine possible gender differences. BACKGROUND There has been a growing body of evidence that psychosocial factors are risk factors for incident and recurrent myocardial infarction. DESIGN Descriptive correlational and cross-sectional survey design. METHODS In patients (n = 97, 67 men), the level of depression and anxiety, vital exhaustion, sleep disturbances and well-being were assessed. Left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular diastolic diameter, body mass index, metabolic equivalents and the number of diseased vessels were retrieved from medical records. RESULTS Anxiety, vital exhaustion and sleep disturbances were significantly higher in women than in men. Well-being showed a significant linear correlation with body mass index, anxiety, depression, vital exhaustion and sleep disturbances scores. After adjustment for psychological risk factors and somatic parameters, only vital exhaustion and anxiety correlated significantly with well-being. However, there were gender differences in predictive variables of well-being. Anxiety in men and vital exhaustion in women showed a linear correlation with the subjective quality of life. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that only vital exhaustion and anxiety showed a significant correlation with well-being in patients. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE During cardiac rehabilitation, it is important to detect and treat not only depression but also vital exhaustion and anxiety, because by reducing these psychological conditions, we can improve well-being.
Measuring impact factors to achieve conflict-free set of quality attributes

Softw are quality attributes are specialized requirements derived based on the requirements of the stakeholders during requirement engineering. The software system requires fulfilling the derived set of qualities to achieve high-quality software system. However, achieving a set of quality attributes can be tricky because of the underlying correlation impact among the quality attributes. Most of the case requirement engineers overlook correlation aspect which can drive in selecting a conflicting set of quality attributes. Design decisions based on conflicting quality attributes can lead towards an unsuccessful software system. Therefore, in this paper, we propose conflict-free quality attributes achieving approach measuring the impact factor. This approach will help requirement engineers to derive a conflict-free set of quality attributes through measuring the impact score of each quality attributes on other candidate quality attributes.
Measurement of cholinesterase enzyme activity before and after exposure to organophosphate pesticides in farmers of a suburb region of Mazandaran, a northern province of Iran

Introduction: Accidental toxicity by organophosphate (OP) agents may occur among farmers during spraying season due to improper use and handling. Plasma cholinesterase (ChE) activity measurement is recommended to monitor the extent of exposure to the OP agent. The aim of the current study was to measure plasma ChE activity before and after exposure with OP pesticides. Methods: This was a prospective study conducted on 36 farmers working in the farm field. The plasma ChE level was measured before spraying and 2 days and 8 weeks after spraying season and exposure to OP agent. Farmers were observed for clinical signs and symptoms of toxicity after exposure. Results: Vertimac was the most common agent used by farmers followed by diazinon and chlorpyrifos. The plasma ChE level significantly decreased after exposure by over 50%. The level returned to preexposure level after 8 weeks. Conclusion: Exposure to OP pesticide is a major concern in the developing countries. More than 50% reduction in the plasma ChE activity after spraying is an alarming message for health-care system and policy makers. Furthermore, workplace evaluation, serial ChE monitoring, and appropriate training and education to exposed individuals would be initial important steps to avoid the toxicity or reduce the severity of poisoning.
Genetic Influences on Adolescent Eating Habits

Behavioral genetic research shows that variation in eating habits and food consumption is due to genetic and environmental factors. The current study extends this line of research by examining the genetic contribution to adolescent eating habits. Analysis of sibling pairs drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) revealed significant genetic influences on variance in an unhealthy eating habits scale (h2 = .42), a healthy eating habits scale (h2 = .51), the number of meals eaten at a fast-food restaurant (h2 = .33), and the total number of meals eaten per week (h2 = .26). Most of the remaining variance was due to nonshared environmental factors. Additional analyses conducted separately for males and females revealed a similar pattern of findings. The authors note the limitations of the study and offer suggestions for future research.
The Effects of a Developmental, Social—Pragmatic Language Intervention on Rate of Expressive Language Production in Young Children With Autistic Spectrum Disorders

Developmental, social—pragmatic (DSP) interventions are based on the study of interactions betWeen typically developing infants and their mothers. Despite the fact that DSP approaches are firmly grounded in developmental theory, there is limited research on the efficacy of these interventions for promoting social-communicative behavior in young children With autism. This study used a single-subject, multiple-baseline design to examine the effectiveness of a DSP language intervention on three children With autistic spectrum disorders (ASD). Results indicate the children exhibited increases in their use of spontaneous speech With the therapist as Well as With their parents, Who had not been trained in the intervention. These findings provide preliminary support for the effectiveness of language therapy using a developmental, social—pragmatic approach With young children With ASD.
Naive Bayes Classifier for Extracting Bibliographic Information from Biomedical Online Articles

Methods and apparatus are provided for reducing corrosion in a refractory lining of a liquid-containing vessel used in direct steelmaking processes. The vessel operates at between about 1600 DEG C. and about 1800 DEG C. and an oxygen partial pressure of about 10-12 atmospheres, creating slag which is rich in FeO. The refractory lining includes a significant level of chromium oxide (Cr2O3), and has small interconnected pores which may be filled with a gas mixture having a higher total pressure and oxygen partial pressure than the total pressure and oxygen partial pressure associted with the liquid against the lining of the vessel. The gas mixture is forced through the pores of the lining so that the pores are continuously filled with the mixture. In this manner, the gas mixture creates a blanket which increases the oxygen partial pressure at the lining enough to maintain the chromium in the lining in a selected valence state in which the chromium has decreased solubility in the FeO slag, thereby reducing corrosion by the FeO and increasing the useful life of the refractory lining.
Antioxidant Enzymes Show Adaptation to Oxidative Stress in Athletes and Increased Stress in Hemodialysis Patients

The aim of the study is to compare oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients in controls and in rowers. The patients are a model of decreased antioxidant capacity, and the athletes (rowers) are a model of the highest antioxidant capacity due to their chronic adaptation to demanding training. Thirty‐five subjects participated in the study, 9 patients with end‐stage renal disease treated by hemodialysis, 12 healthy young subjects from the normal population, and 14 rowers. The antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase, as well as non‐transferrin‐bound iron as a promoter of free radical damage, were determined. Blood analysis was taken in dialysis patients in the morning, before the dialysis procedure. There was significantly higher activity of catalase in dialysis patients (catalase 4.26 ± 0.35 mkat/g Hb) compared to the controls (catalase 2.73 ± 0.38 mkat/g Hb) and rowers (catalase 1.71 ± 0.30 mkat/g Hb). Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly lower (10.42 ± 1.46 µkat/g Hb) than in the controls (11.94 ± 1.18 µkat/g Hb) and rowers (14.09 ± 0.92 µkat/g Hb). There was no significant differences between glutathione peroxidase activities in the three groups. Superoxide dismutase and Se were higher in rowers than in dialysis patients (P < 0.05). The concentrations of both non‐transferrin‐bound iron and ferritin were significantly higher in dialysis patients. Hemodialysis patients might have increased oxidative stress, which is characterized by significantly higher erythrocyte enzyme activity of catalase and lower activity of superoxide dismutase. Top rowers had increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, perhaps because of adaptation during training, which was not the case in dialysis patients and controls.
Long-Run Risk Through Consumption Smoothing

We examine how long-run consumption risk arises endogenously in a standard production economy model where the representative agent has Epstein--Zin preferences. We show that even when technology growth is i.i. d. , optimal consumption smoothing induces long-run risk--highly persistent variation in expected consumption growth. As a consequence, the model can account for a high price of risk, although both consumption growth volatility and the coefficient of relative risk aversion are low. The asset pricing implications of endogenous long-run risk depend crucially on the persistence of technology shocks and investors' preference for the timing of resolution of uncertainty. (JEL E21, E23, E30, G12) The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Society for Financial Studies. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org. , Oxford University Press.
Simulation in Flexible Bronchoscopy and Endobronchial Ultrasound: A Review

Flexible bronchoscopy is a widely used medical procedure performed by a variety of specialists. Learning flexible bronchoscopy in a clinical setting is associated with increased learner anxiety, introduces significant variability into the learning experience, and increases complications placing the burden of learning on the patients. Bronchoscopy simulation involves the use of inanimate models, wet lab models, or computerized virtual reality simulators to teach and evaluate bronchoscopy skills, with the advantage of standardization of the teaching and assessment techniques without risk to the patient. The aim of this study is to provide a review of the major evidence supporting the use of bronchoscopy simulation to date and to identify limitations in the literature to stimulate further research incorporating these exciting teaching modalities.
Second-order processes in vision: introduction.

led to a radical reconceptualization ofthe nature of visual processing within the framework oflinear systems theory. Pattern adaptation and thresholdpattern-discrimination experiments provided dramaticevidence that human vision ﬁlters the retinal input into anumber of channels selectively tuned for spatiotemporalfrequency and orientation. These channels were concep-tualized as approximately linear, shift-invariant transfor-mations of the time-varying retinal input. It was hy-pothesized that these ﬁlters were realized byretinotopically organized arrays of neurons. The neu-rons in a given such array were all assumed to have thesame receptive ﬁeld proﬁle (typically modeled as a Gaborfunction of some speciﬁc spatial frequency and orienta-tion), and to monitor different locations in the stimulusﬁeld: one neuron for each location. Thus the responsesof these neurons in a given channel array composed a‘‘neural image’’