Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Red and processed meat consumption and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The associations between red and processed meat consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer types have not been conclusively defined. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze these associations. We searched PubMed and EMBASE to identify studies published from inception through September 2016. Dose-response, subgroup and subtype analyses of colorectal cancer (colon cancer, proximal colon cancer, distal colon cancer and rectal cancer) were performed. We ultimately selected 60 eligible studies. Positive associations were observed for colorectal cancer in case-control studies (red meat, P<0.01; processed meat, P<0.01) and cohort studies (red meat, P<0.01; processed meat, P<0.01). However, subtype analyses yielded null results for distal colon cancer in case-control studies (P=0.41) and cohort studies (P=0.18) for red meat and null results for proximal colon cancer in case-control studies (P=0.13) and cohort studies (P=0.39) for processed meat. Additionally, although the results of case-control studies were positive (red meat, P<0.01; processed meat, P=0.04) for rectal cancer, there were no positive associations between red (P=0.34) and processed meat (P=0.06) consumption and the risk in cohort studies. In a systematic review and meta-analysis, we found consumption of red and processed meat was associated with the risk of overall colorectal cancer but not rectal cancer. Additionally, there were no associations between the consumption of red meat and distal colon cancer risk and between the consumption of processed meat and proximal colon cancer risk.
[Occupational stress, coping styles and eating habits among Polish employees].

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to analyze potential relations between occupational stress, coping styles and ing habits. MATERIALS AND METHODS Questionnaires administered to 160 public administration employees allowed for assessing eating habits, occupational stress and coping styles. RESULTS The eating habits correlated with work stress (ro-Spearman's = 0.17-0.29). More unhealthy eating patterns were observed in employees characterized by a higher level of stress. Such stressors as overload, lack of control over work and inappropriate work organization were especially related to poorer eating habits. Among the analyzed coping styles, focusing on emotions (ro-S = 0.19) and searching for emotional support most significantly correlated with poorer eating behaviors (ro-S = 0.16). There were statistically significant differences in eating habits, depending on the level of job stress (U = 1583.50, p < 0.05). Employees with high job stress had a stronger tendency to habitual and emotional eating more than those with a medium level of job stress. CONCLUSION The relationship between subjective assessment of job stress, coping and eating habits has been confirmed. Taking into account the role of stress and coping, as the potential determinants of eating patterns in humans, more attention should be paid to education and promotion of knowledge about the relationship between stress and human eating behaviors to prevent obesity and eating disorders.
A Prognostic Indicator Scale for the Treatment of Partner Abuse Perpetrators

This study examined prognostic indicators for violence recidivism among male domestic abuse perpetrators (N = 95). Seventeen hypothesized prognostic indicators were selected from baseline self-report and collateral partner report data to assess aggression history, psychoactive substance use, severity of relationship abuse problems, and current demographic factors. A total prognostic index, labeled the Partner Abuse Prognostic Scale (PAPS), predicted outcome variables derived from both victim report and criminal justice data and provided unique prediction relative to a pre-treatment continuous measure of relationship violence. No moderator effects in prediction were observed across two distinct types of group treatment. Psychological aggression was the only pretreatment variable that consistently added significant prediction of recidivism beyond the PAPS. The PAPS is recommended for research uses involving statistical control or balancing of conditions in studies of partner violence interventions. Further research will be needed to establish cutoffs for clinical case management and treatment planning.
Republished: Interprofessional education in team communication: working together to improve patient safety

Background Communication failures in healthcare teams are associated with medical errors and negative health outcomes. These findings have increased emphasis on training future health professionals to work effectively within teams. The Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety (TeamSTEPPS) communication training model, widely employed to train healthcare teams, has been less commonly used to train student interprofessional teams. The present study reports the effectiveness of a simulation-based interprofessional TeamSTEPPS training in impacting student attitudes, knowledge and skills around interprofessional communication. Methods Three hundred and six fourth-year medical, third-year nursing, second-year pharmacy and second-year physician assistant students took part in a 4 h training that included a 1 h TeamSTEPPS didactic session and three 1 h team simulation and feedback sessions. Students worked in groups balanced by a professional programme in a self-selected focal area (adult acute, paediatric, obstetrics). Preassessments and postassessments were used for examining attitudes, beliefs and reported opportunities to observe or participate in team communication behaviours. Results One hundred and forty-nine students (48.7%) completed the preassessments and postassessments. Significant differences were found for attitudes toward team communication (p<0.001), motivation (p<0.001), utility of training (p<0.001) and self-efficacy (p=0.005). Significant attitudinal shifts for TeamSTEPPS skills included, team structure (p=0.002), situation monitoring (p<0.001), mutual support (p=0.003) and communication (p=0.002). Significant shifts were reported for knowledge of TeamSTEPPS (p<0.001), advocating for patients (p<0.001) and communicating in interprofessional teams (p<0.001). Conclusions Effective team communication is important in patient safety. We demonstrate positive attitudinal and knowledge effects in a large-scale interprofessional TeamSTEPPS-based training involving four student professions.
Differential effects of long and short carbon nanotubes on the gas-exchange region of the mouse lung

Abstract We hypothesise that inflammatory response and morphological characteristics of lung parenchyma differ after exposure to short or long multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Mice were subjected to a single dose of vehicle, short or long MWCNT by pharyngeal aspiration. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) obtained at 24 h was analysed for inflammatory reaction and lung tissue was analysed for morphological alterations using stereology. Short MWCNT had stronger potential to induce polymorphonuclear cells whereas long MWCNT increased interleukin-6 levels in BALF. Alveolar septal fibrosis was only observed with short MWCNT. Type II pneumocyte hypertrophy was only detected with long MWCNT. There was no reduction in total alveolar surface area and no sign of type II cell hyperplasia. We observed mild inflammatory and pathological responses to short and long MWCNT in the lung parenchyma depending on the size of the applied MWCNT.
L2-Regularized Iterative Weighted Algorithm for Inverse Scattering

We propose a new inverse scattering technique based on sparsity for the application of microwave imaging. The underdetermined inverse problem appeared in the distorted born iterative method (DBIM) technique is solved using the suggested L2-regularized iterative weighted algorithm (L2-IWA). The L2-regularizer has been introduced to stabilize the algorithm against nonlinear approximations, and the sparsity is enforced with the aid of another reweighted L2-norm regularizer to address the ill-posedness of the inverse problem. The derived algorithm is a three-step iterative technique which solves the underdetermined set of equations at each DBIM iteration. Moreover, the convergence of the L2-IWA technique is proved, analytically. The suggested method outperforms its other counterparts in various scenarios of homogeneous and heterogeneous breast models. Besides improving the resolution of the breast tumors, the L2-IWA technique is shown to be robust against additive noise.
Results of periodontal treatment related to pocket depth and attachment level. Eight years.

In previous papers we have reported longitudinal results of periodontal treatment based on mean values for all treated teeth,1,2 and analysis based on mean values from the half mouths of patients.3 These methods of analysis, however, did not reveal specifically what happened over time to pockets of various depth and attachment levels. Prognosis is a very elusive, but fundamentally important consideration in treatment planning, and since pocket depth and loss of attachment traditionally are basic elements in assessment of periodontal prognosis, it was decided to analyze our longitudinal treatment results with the initial pocket depth and attachment level serving as reference. The first part of the analysis is a general appraisal of the longitudinal value of periodontal therapy related to variations in initial pocket depth, and the second part attempts to determine if treatment modality will influence the maintenance ofperiodontal attachment dependent on variations in initial severity of the disease.
Works Title Genetical genomic determinants of alcohol consumption in rats and humans

Background: We have used a genetical genomic approach, in conjunction with phenotypic analysis of alcohol consumption, to identify candidate genes that predispose to varying levels of alcohol intake by HXB/BXH recombinant inbred rat strains. In addition, in two populations of humans, we assessed genetic polymorphisms associated with alcohol consumption using a custom genotyping array for 1,350 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Our goal was to ascertain whether our approach, which relies on statistical and informatics techniques, and non-human Published: 27 October 2009 BMC Biology 2009, 7:70 doi:10.1186/1741-7007-7-70 Received: 29 September 2009 Accepted: 27 October 2009 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral. com/1741-7007/7/70 © 2009 Tabakoff et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Neutralization in vitro of Mouse Leukemia Virus by Specific Immune Serum. Importance of Virus Titration.∗

Summary 1) Both passage A virus and Moloney strain were neutralized in vitro by the same specific serum obtained from rabbits immunized by repeated injections of passage A virus filtrates. 2) No neutralization of either passage A virus, or Moloney strain, occurred in control experiments in which the serum employed was obtained from rabbits that had received repeated injections of normal mouse organ filtrates. 3) Neutralization occurred only when 10-3 dilution of either virus filtrate was mixed with equal amount of undiluted immune serum. When higher concentration of virus filtrate, or a less potent serum, were employed, neutralization was less pronounced, and affected only passage A virus, or did not occur at all. 4) Injection into rabbits of passage A virus harvested from mice produced more potent serum than rat-adapted virus. Addition of adjuvant to virus filtrate injected into rabbits increased the potency of serum. 5) Prepared under identical experimental conditions, Moloney strain filtrate had a higher virus titer than passage A filtrate. This could explain why serum of lesser potency could still neutralize, in part, a 10-3 dilution of passage A filtrate, but did not neutralize a 10-3 dilution of Moloney strain filtrate. 6) Passage A virus filtrate induced leukemia in higher dilutions in mice than in rats. The mouse is considerably more susceptible to this virus than the rat.
Primary central nervous system vasculitis in children.

OBJECTIVE Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is a severe and ill-defined neurologic disease. The goal of this study was to characterize the presenting features, treatment, and neurologic outcome of PACNS in children (cPACNS) and to define the predictors of disease progression in order to identify high-risk patients with cPACNS. METHODS The cohort comprised consecutive patients diagnosed as having cPACNS based on clinical and vascular imaging findings, including identification of arterial stenosis on conventional angiography or magnetic resonance (MR) angiography. Disease progression was defined angiographically at >3 months after initial angiography. Clinical data obtained in prospectively collected standardized assessments and results of laboratory tests, including detection of cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities, were noted, and neuroimaging studies were reanalyzed. Predictors of progression were identified and tested in multivariate regression models. RESULTS Sixty-two consecutive patients with cPACNS (38 male, 24 female, median age 7.2 years) were included. Two distinct subgroups were identified, those with progressive disease and those with nonprogressive disease. Progressive cPACNS was found in 20 of 62 children and was predicted by a clinical presentation of neurocognitive dysfunction, multifocal parenchymal lesions on MR imaging, and evidence of distal stenoses on angiography. CONCLUSION The spectrum of PACNS in children includes both progressive and nonprogressive forms. Characteristic features at diagnosis can be used to predict later progression, to identify a distinct high-risk cPACNS cohort, and to help guide selection of patients for immunosuppressive therapy.
ARID1A, a component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes, is required for porcine embryo development

Mammalian embryos undergo dramatic epigenetic remodeling that can have a profound impact on both gene transcription and overall embryo developmental competence. Members of the SWI/SNF (Switch/Sucrose non‐fermentable) family of chromatin‐remodeling complexes reposition nucleosomes and alter transcription factor accessibility. These large, multi‐protein complexes possess an SNF2‐type ATPase (either SMARCA4 or SMARCA2) as their core catalytic subunit, and are directed to specific loci by associated subunits. Little is known about the identity of specific SWI/SNF complexes that serve regulatory roles during cleavage development. ARID1A, one of the SWI/SNF complex subunits, can affect histone methylation in somatic cells; here, we determined the developmental requirements of ARID1A in porcine oocytes and embryos. We found ARID1A transcript levels were significantly reduced in 4‐cell porcine embryos as compared to germinal vesicle‐stage oocytes, suggesting that ARID1A would be required for porcine cleavage‐stage development. Indeed, injecting in vitro‐matured and fertilized porcine oocytes with double‐stranded interfering RNAs that target ARID1A, and evaluating their phenotype after seven days, revealed that the depletion of ARID1A results in significantly fewer cells than their respective control groups (p < 0.001).
GUMO inspired ontology to support user experience based Citywide Mobile Learning

User experience has been extensively discussed in literature, yet the idea of applying it to explain and comprehend the conceptualization of Mobile Learning (ML) is relatively new. Consequently much of the existing works are mainly theoretical and they concentrate to establish and explain the relationship between ML and experience. Little has been done to apply or adopt it into practice. In contrast to the currently existing approaches, this paper presents an ontology to support Citywide Mobile Learning (CML). The ontology presented in this paper addresses three fundamental aspects of CML, namely User Model, User Experience and Places/Spaces which exist in the city. The ontology presented here not only attempts to model and translate the theoretical concepts such as user experience and Place/Spaces for citywide context for Mobile Learning, but also apply them into practice. The discussed ontology is used in our system to support Place/Space based CML.
Identification of physicochemical properties of Scylla paramamosain allergen, arginin kinase.

BACKGROUND Arginine kinase (AK) is expressed in a wide variety of species, including human food sources (seafood) and pests (cockroaches and moths), and has been reported as a novel allergen. However, there has been little research on the allergenicity of AK in crustaceans. In this study the physicochemical properties of AK from mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) were investigated. RESULTS Analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting and inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that purified AK was unstable in thermal processing and in acid buffer. Under simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) conditions, purified AK was much more readily degraded by pepsin than by trypsin or chymotrypsin. The unpurified AK in crab myogen degraded more markedly than purified AK. In addition, in two-phase gastrointestinal digestion, AK was rapidly degraded by pepsin but resistant to trypsin and chymotrypsin digestion, while tropomyosin derived from mud crab was resistant to pepsin digestion but digested readily by trypsin or chymotrypsin. Further study of serum samples obtained from crab-allergic human patients indicated that the allergenicity of AK was markedly reduced by digestion with SGF but not SIF. CONCLUSION AK is an important food allergen despite its unstable physicochemical properties of digestibility.
Body mass index, overweight and obesity in married and never married men and women in Poland

The study examined the relationship between marital status and the body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Polish population. The sample included 2,266 men and 4,122 women, 25–60 years of age, who were occupationally active inhabitants of Wroclaw, in southwestern Poland. Marital status was defined by two categories: never married and presently married, and two groups in each category were established on the basis of educational level: well‐educated (12 or more years in school) and poorly educated (less than 12 years in school). The subjects were also divided into four age groups: 25–30, 31–40, 41–50, and 51–60 years. Height and weight were measured and the BMI was calculated. Three categories of the BMI were established: normal, BMI < 25.0 kg/m2, overweight, BMI ≥ 25 < 30 kg/m2, and obese, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. In each age and educational group, married individuals had a higher BMI than those who were never married. With the exception of well‐educated males 51–60 years, differences in the BMI between married and never married individuals increased with age. In general, married men and women were more likely to be overweight and obese than never married individuals. The results indicated a significant association (P < 0.001) between marital status and the BMI in both sexes. After age, marital status was the most important predictor of overweight/obesity among men (P < 0.001), whereas educational level did not have a significant role. Among women, age, marital status, and education were significantly (P < 0.001) related to the BMI. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 14:468–475, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Progress in the Characterizations and Understanding of Conducting Filaments in Resistive Switching Devices

Characterizations of resistive switching (RS) devices, especially through direct, in situ methodologies, provide valuable information that could lead to improved insights into the device switching mechanism and device design and optimization. Here, we discuss the characterization efforts on resistive switching devices to date, with emphasis on direct transmission electron microscopy observations on conducting filament formation and growth dynamics. Other characterization techniques used in filament analysis such as spectroscopic and topographic characterizations will also be covered. In the end, we will discuss challenges to be addressed and advances that are needed to further our understanding of dynamic ionic, electronic, and structural effects involved in the RS process.
Early functional loading of unsplinted roughened surface implants with mandibular overdentures 2 weeks after surgery.

BACKGROUND Before early functional loading of unsplinted implants with mandibular overdentures can become widespread, more clinical studies are needed to investigate the success of the approach. PURPOSE To evaluate the success rates of two types of roughened titanium surface implants with early 2-week functional loading of paired mandibular interforaminal implants with overdentures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Random allocation divided 24 strictly selected edentulous participants into two groups, with each group to receive a different implant system (ITI Dental Implant System, Straumann AG, Waldenburg, Switzerland; or Southern Implant System, Southern Implants, Irene, South Africa). Two implants were placed in the anterior mandible of all participants using one-stage standardized surgical procedures. Previously constructed conventional mandibular dentures (opposing maxillary complete dentures) were temporarily relined and worn by the participants for the first 2 weeks; participants used a soft diet. Two weeks after implant surgery and following some mucosal healing, the mandibular dentures had the tissue conditioner removed and the appropriate matrices included for an unsplinted prosthodontic design. RESULTS No implant from either group was lost. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) indicated higher primary stability at surgery for the Southern group than for the ITI group, with a statistically significant difference between the groups throughout the study period. The drop in RF values between surgery and 6 weeks was significant and was greater for the Southern group. RFA also indicated stabilized osseointegration between 6 to 12 and 12 to 52 weeks, with no participant showing any decrease in those values over time. Participants with type 3 bone showed a significant improvement in RF values between 12 and 52 weeks, eventually matching those of participants with type 2 bone. There were no significant differences in marginal bone loss, periimplant parameters, or prosthodontic maintenance between the groups over the study period. CONCLUSIONS Using only strict patient selection criteria, 1-year follow-up data indicate that early functional loading of ITI and Southern implants with mandibular two-implant overdentures is possible as early as 2 weeks after implant surgery.
Pairwise Relations and Joint Ventures for Economic Development

This paper explains the time needed to negotiate the costs and benefits of voluntary joint ventures among local governments for economic development purposes. The dyad between local governments is the unit of analysis. The characteristic of the institutional tie is collected for 90 cooperative arrangements identified through a survey of local government officials in 12 metropolitan areas. Since not all of the governments have established a joint venture, a Heckman two-stage selection model is used to correct for the selection bias. Extending recent work on Institutional Collection Action the results suggest that those communities with similar demographic and economic characteristics and a history of cooperation reduce negotiation time. The results also indicate that asset specificity is an important predictor for the amount of time needed to discuss joint venture activities.