Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust Optimization of Nanoslit Array Sensor Based on Extraordinary Optical Transmission

A robust optimization approach for plasmonic periodic array sensor based on extraordinary optical transmission is proposed using Kriging surrogate models to reduce the effects of uncertainty in various manufacturing processes while maintaining sensor performance. For systematic design with reasonable computation cost, the author adopt the universal Kriging models whose regression function is a polynomial. The gradient index and the multiobjective genetic algorithm are chosen as a robustness measure and a global optimization tool, respectively. The figure of merit and the gradient index are set as two objective functions, and the design variables are the slit width and height, respectively. The optical properties of interest are investigated using the finite-element method. The numerical optimization results show the proposed scheme to be powerful and efficient in designing nanoslity array sensors based on extraordinary optical transmission with fabrication uncertainty.
End-to-End Content and Plan Selection for Data-to-Text Generation

Learning to generate fluent natural language from structured data with neural networks has become an common approach for NLG. This problem can be challenging when the form of the structured data varies between examples. This paper presents a survey of several extensions to sequence-to-sequence models to account for the latent content selection process, particularly variants of copy attention and coverage decoding. We further propose a training method based on diverse ensembling to encourage models to learn distinct sentence templates during training. An empirical evaluation of these techniques shows an increase in the quality of generated text across five automated metrics, as well as human evaluation.
Genetic mutations in Ca2+ signaling alter dendrite morphology and social approach in juvenile mice

Dendritic morphology is a critical determinant of neuronal connectivity, and calcium signaling plays a predominant role in shaping dendrites. Altered dendritic morphology and genetic mutations in calcium signaling are both associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). In this study we tested the hypothesis that dendritic arborization and NDD‐relevant behavioral phenotypes are altered by human mutations that modulate calcium‐dependent signaling pathways implicated in NDDs. The dendritic morphology of pyramidal neurons in CA1 hippocampus and somatosensory cortex was quantified in Golgi‐stained brain sections from juvenile mice of both sexes expressing either a human gain‐of‐function mutation in ryanodine receptor 1 (T4826I‐RYR1), a human CGG repeat expansion (170‐200 CGG repeats) in the fragile X mental retardation gene 1 (FMR1 premutation), both mutations (double mutation; DM), or wildtype mice. In hippocampal neurons, increased dendritic arborization was observed in male T4826I‐RYR1 and, to a lesser extent, male FMR1 premutation neurons. Dendritic morphology of cortical neurons was altered in both sexes of FMR1 premutation and DM animals with the most pronounced differences seen in DM females. Genotype also impaired behavior, as assessed using the three‐chambered social approach test. The most striking lack of sociability was observed in DM male and female mice. In conclusion, mutations that alter the fidelity of calcium signaling enhance dendritic arborization in a brain region‐ and sex‐specific manner and impair social behavior in juvenile mice. The phenotypic outcomes of these mutations likely provide a susceptible biological substrate for additional environmental stressors that converge on calcium signaling to determine individual NDD risk.
Alteration in Foot Strike Pattern While Running with Elastic Insoles: Case Study on the Effects of Long-term Training

Motor adaptation is a form of motor learning that involves changes in the control of movements that occur as a consequence of optimization in repeated task exposure or practice. A good example of this can be found in human running. It is thought that humans run in accordance with the presence or absence and shape of shoes. Three foot strike patterns exist in running, classified according to which portion of the sole first connects with the ground: RFS (rear-foot-strike; heel connection), MFS (mid-foot-strike, simultaneous heel and toe connections), and FFS (fore-foot-strike; toe, or ball connection). RFS is often seen in runners wearing shoes, whereas FFS is commonly seen during routine barefoot running. This study examined how humans adapt to assistive footwear (environmental exposure)s throughout approximately one month of running training. We found that the shape and stiffness of a modified insole affected the foot, functioning as a spring during running. As training continued, the subject adapted to the structure of the footwear by altering his foot strike pattern while reducing his heart rate. The foot strike pattern changed from heel contact to contact from the side of the toe or arch, and the pattern of the ground reaction force changed from that of RFS to that of FFS or MFS. These results indicate that the change in foot compliance while landing and during grounding affects the foot strike pattern to improve the efficiency and capability of running through long-term training.
Long-stay forensic psychiatric inpatients in the Republic of Ireland: aggregated needs assessment

Abstract Objectives: To profile the current cohort of forensic psychiatric inpatients in the Republic of Ireland, comparing psychiatric healthcare and placement needs of long-stay patients with those more recently admitted. Method: All forensic psychiatric inpatients in the Central Mental Hospital, Dundrum on a census date were included in the study. Patients and key worker were interviewed using a standardised schedule and validated research instruments. Static and dynamic risk factors for violence including demographic, diagnostic and legal characteristics were supplemented by detailed chart review. Standardised anonymised case vignettes were presented to panels of forensic and community psychiatric multidisciplinary teams who assessed current and future treatment and placement requirements for the cohort. Results: There were 88 forensic psychiatric inpatients on the census date. Forty-three had lengths of stay over two years (17 over 20 years). Both patient groups were predominantly males with severe mental illness and histories of violent offending. The majority of the long-stay group were receiving regular parole and this group had lower levels of positive symptoms and comorbid substance misuse disorders. Significant gaps in existing rehabilitation inputs were identified. Almost half the long-stay patients were inappropriately placed. Thirty per cent of long-stay patients could be safely transferred to lower levels of security within six months and 63% within three years. Conclusions: Holding patients in conditions of excessive security impedes rehabilitation and has considerable human rights implications. Almost half of long-stay forensic psychiatric patients in Ireland are inappropriately placed. Barriers to discharge include legislative inadequacies, lack of local low-secure facilities and under-resourcing of community psychiatric services. Such barriers lead to inappropriate utilisation of limited resources and limit access to secure facilities for higher-risk mentally disordered offenders. These findings are of particular relevance in the context of proposed new insanity legislation.
Effects of knee extension with different speeds of movement on muscle and cerebral oxygenation

Background One of the mechanisms responsible for enhancing muscular hypertrophy is the high metabolic stress associated with a reduced muscular oxygenation occurring during exercise, which can be achieved by reducing the speed of movement. Studies have tested that lowered muscle oxygenation artificially induced by an inflatable cuff, could provoke changes in prefrontal cortex oxygenation, hence, to central fatigue. It was hypothesized that (1) exercising with a slow speed of movement would result in greater increase in cerebral and greater decrease in muscle oxygenation compared with exercises of faster speed and (2) the amount of oxygenation increase in the ipsilateral prefrontal cortex would be lower than the contralateral one. Methods An ISS Imagent frequency domain near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system was used to quantify oxygenation changes in the vastus lateralis muscle and prefrontal cortex (contra- and ipsilateral) during unilateral resistance exercises with different speeds of movement to voluntary fatigue. After one maximal repetition (1RM) test, eight subjects performed three sets of unilateral knee extensions (∼50% of 1RM), separated by 2 min rest periods, following the pace of 1 s, 3 s and 5 s for both concentric and eccentric phases, in a random order, during separate sessions. The amount of change for NIRS parameters for muscle (ΔHb: deoxyhemoglobin, ΔHbO: oxyhemoglobin, ΔHbT: total hemoglobin, ΔStO2: oxygen saturation) were quantified and compared between conditions and sets by two-way ANOVA RM. Differences in NIRS parameters between contra- and ipsilateral (lobe) prefrontal cortex and conditions were tested. Results Exercising with slow speed of movement was associated to larger muscle deoxygenation than normal speed of movement, as revealed by significant interaction (set × condition) for ΔHb (p = 0.01), and by significant main effects of condition for ΔHbO (p = 0.007) and ΔStO2 (p = 0.016). With regards to the prefrontal cortex, contralateral lobe showed larger oxygenation increase than the ipsilateral one for ΔHb, ΔHbO, ΔHbT, ΔStO2 in each set (main effect of lobe: p < 0.05). Main effects of condition were significant only in set1 for all the parameters, and significant interaction lobe × condition was found only for ΔHb in set1 (p < 0.05). Discussion These findings provided evidence that speed of movement influences the amount of muscle oxygenation. Since the lack of oxygen in muscle is associated to increased metabolic stress, manipulating the speed of movement may be useful in planning resistance-training programs. Moreover, consistent oxygenation increases in both right and left prefrontal lobes were found, suggesting a complementary interaction between the ipsi- and contralateral prefrontal cortex, which also seems related to fatigue.
Multi-Label Dilated Recurrent Network for Sequential Face Alignment

Compared with detection in still image, sequential face landmark detection in video is relatively less studied. In this work, we present a novel network with a dilated residual network and a residual convolutional LSTM to preserve the detection acuity at both spatial and temporal dimensions respectively. We also introduce and compare multi-label loss with regression loss and multi-class loss for face landmark detection. We perform extensive experiments to verify the contribution of different components. Our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on benchmark datasets.
Pulmonary function patterns and their association with genotype and phenotype in adult cystic fibrosis patients

ABSTRACT Background: While cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is generally considered to be an obstructive disorder, other pulmonary function patterns (PFP) may occur. Furthermore, little is known about possible associations between PFP and genotype or phenotypical characteristics. Methods: Cross-sectional study including CF patients aged 16 years or more, identifying different PFP and exploring associations between PFP and genotype or phenotypical characteristics. Results: Obstructive PFP was most prevalent in our population (n = 80), comprising obstructive lung disease (62.5%), small airway (obstructive) disease (11.2%), and mixed obstructive-restrictive disorder (1.3%). However, one in four adult CF patients did not show any obstruction at all: normal (13.7%) or restrictive (8.8%) lung disease and isolated diffusion disorder (2.5%). Obstructive PFP was associated with a greater proportion of CF-related diabetes mellitus (CFRD) (P = 0.04), Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization (P = 0.02) and frequent exacerbators (P = 0.04). We observed no association between PFP and genotype. Conclusions: Obstructive PFP remains the most common pulmonary function pattern in adult CF and is associated with CFRD, Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization and frequent exacerbators. Graphical Abstract
Rapid and Efficient Bug Assignment Using ELM for IOT Software

The reliable implementation of software in an Internet system directly influences information transmission especially for the Internet of Things (IoT) system. Once defects in the system are found, the communication between things and things and the interaction between people and things in the IoT will be greatly affected. Therefore, rapid and effective defect assignment to the right developer is the key to ensuring software quality and bringing down time consumption in the IoT software life cycle. However, as the size of the software becomes increasing larger, the requirement of users grows, and a large number of software bugs will be found every day. It is difficult for managers to assign the software defects to the appropriate developers. In this paper, a novel hybrid method based on a diversified feature selection and an ensemble extreme learning machine (ELM) is proposed. First, the useful information is extracted from defect reports; then, the data are preprocessed to establish a vector space model; and the diversified feature selection is preprocessed in order to select a smallest set of representative non-redundant features with maximal statistical information. Finally, an ensemble GA-based ELM training classifier is used. Experimental results show that, compared to SVM, C4.5, NaiveBayes, and KNN classifiers, the proposed ELM-based bug triage approach with representative feature selection techniques in this paper significantly improves the efficiency and the effectiveness of bug triages.
Computing and Bandwidth Resource Allocation in Multi-Provider NFV Environment

We propose an algorithm for the cloud and bandwidth resource allocation in multi-provider NFV environments. The resources are allocated so as to take into account the different costs charged by the cloud infrastructure providers (InP). The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is confirmed from the comparison with the results of the optimal problem. Its application in medium and large networks has shown that it can lead to cost saving as high as 65% with respect to algorithms that allocate resources without taking into account the cost differences charged by the InPs.
Reduced-State, Optimal Medium Access Control for Wireless Data Collection Networks

Motivated by medium access control for resource-challenged wireless sensor networks whose main purpose is data collection, we consider the problem of queue scheduling with reduced queue state information. In particular, we consider a model with $N$ sensor nodes, with pair-wise dependence, such that nodes $i$ and $i+1, \ 1 \leq i\leq N-1$ cannot transmit together. For $N=3, 4$, and 5, we develop new throughput-optimal scheduling policies requiring only the empty-nonempty state of each queue, and also revisit previously proposed policies to rigorously establish their throughput-and delay-optimality. For $N=3$, there exists a sum-queue length optimal scheduling policy that requires only the empty-nonempty state of each queue. We show, however, that for $N\geq 4$, there is no scheduling policy that uses only the empty-nonempty states of the queues and is sum-queue length optimal uniformly over all arrival rate vectors. We then extend our results to a more general class of interference constraints, namely, a star of cliques. Our throughput-optimality results rely on two new arguments: a Lyapunov drift lemma specially adapted to policies that are queue length-agnostic, and a priority queueing analysis for showing strong stability. Our study throws up some counterintuitive conclusions: 1) knowledge of queue length information is not necessary to achieve optimal throughput/delay performance for a large class of interference networks, 2) it is possible to perform throughput-optimal scheduling by merely knowing whether queues in the network are empty or not, and 3) it is also possible to be throughput-optimal by not always scheduling the maximum possible number of nonempty queues. We also show the results of numerical experiments on the performance of queue length agnostic scheduling vs. queue length aware scheduling, on several interference networks.
Organizational-Professional Conflict among U.S. and Israeli Professional Accountants

Summary Behavioral researchers have focused considerable attention on the relationship between the professional employee and the organizational aspects of the work environment. Prior research, however, has failed to consider the extent to which cultural differences moderate this relationship. This study examined the antecedents and outcomes of the organizational-professional conflict using data collected from a sample of 404 Israeli and 469 U.S. professional accountants. In general, the results from the two samples were quite consistent; and while they failed to indicate a moderating influence attributable to cultural dimensions, they provided evidence that questioned traditional thinking.
Differences in Characteristics and Exposure to Stressors Between Persons With and Without Diagnosed Mental Illness Who Died by Suicide in Victoria, Australia.

BACKGROUND Mental illness is an established risk factor for suicide. To develop effective prevention interventions and strategies, the demographic characteristics and stressors (other than, or in addition to, mental illness) that can influence a person's decision to die by suicide need to be identified. AIM To examine cases of suicide by the presence or absence of a diagnosed mental illness (mental illness status) to identify differences in factors associated with suicide in the groups. METHOD Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate mental illness status and exposure to stressors among 2,839 persons who died by suicide in Victoria, Australia (2009-2013), using the Victorian Suicide Register. RESULTS Females, metropolitan residents, persons treated for physical illness/injury, those exposed to stressors related to isolation, family, work, education, and substance use and those who had made a previous suicide attempt had increased odds of having a diagnosed mental illness. Employed persons had decreased odds of having a diagnosed mental illness. LIMITATIONS The retrospectivity of data collection as well as the validity and reliability of some of the data may be questionable owing to the potential for recall bias. CONCLUSION The point of intervention for suicide prevention cannot always be a mental health professional; some people who die by suicide either do not have a mental illness or have not sought help.
NREM sleep EEG slow waves in autistic and typically developing children: Morphological characteristics and scalp distribution

Autism is a developmental disorder with a neurobiological aetiology. Studies of the autistic brain identified atypical developmental trajectories that may lead to an impaired capacity to modulate electroencephalogram activity during sleep. We assessed the topography and characteristics of non‐rapid eye movement sleep electroencephalogram slow waves in 26 boys aged between 6 and 13 years old: 13 with an autism spectrum disorder and 13 typically developing. None of the participants was medicated, intellectually disabled, reported poor sleep, or suffered from medical co‐morbidities. Results are derived from a second consecutive night of polysomnography in a sleep laboratory. Slow waves (0.3–4.0 Hz; >75 µV) were automatically detected on artefact‐free sections of non‐rapid eye movement sleep along the anteroposterior axis in frontal, central, parietal and occipital derivations. Slow wave density (number per minute), amplitude (µV), slope (µV s−1) and duration (s) were computed for the first four non‐rapid eye movement periods. Slow wave characteristics comparisons between groups, derivations and non‐rapid eye movement periods were assessed with three‐way mixed ANOVAs. Slow wave density, amplitude, slope and duration were higher in anterior compared with most posterior derivations in both groups. Children with autism spectrum disorder showed lower differences in slow waves between recording sites along the anteroposterior axis than typically developing children. These group differences in the topography of slow wave characteristics were stable across the night. We propose that slow waves during non‐rapid eye movement sleep could be an electrophysiological marker of the deviant cortical maturation in autism linked to an atypical functioning of thalamo‐cortical networks.
Ten Things You Should Know About Electric Motors: Their Installation, Operation, and Maintenance

This article provides informat ion on how to enhance the performance and life span of electric motors used in the petroleum and chemical industry. It covers purchasing the correct motor for a given application, installing it properly, and operating it optimally. By doing so, life-cycle costs can be minimized, and reliability will be maximized.
A Convex Approach to Blind MIMO Communications

This letter considers the blind separation of convolutive mixtures in a multi-in-multi-out (MIMO) communication system. Multiple source signals are transmitted simultaneously over a shared communication medium (modeled as linear convolutive channels) to multiple receivers. We recast the joint recovery of the source signals, and the channel impulse responses as a block-rank-one matrix recovery problem, which can be effectively solved using a convex program. Our numerical experiments show that the proposed convex program yields exact recovery of the source signals when they are members of known generic subspaces. Moreover, the numerics also show that the successful recovery is achieved in blind MIMO with the number of measurements that scale roughly optimally with the number of unknowns. We discuss our results in the context of an application in blind MIMO wireless communications, where coding the transmitted messages results in exact blind separation at the receiver array.