Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toward Personalized Deceptive Signaling for Cyber Defense Using Cognitive Models

Recent research in cybersecurity has begun to develop active defense strategies using game-theoretic optimization of the allocation of limited defenses combined with deceptive signaling. These algorithms assume rational human behavior. However, human behavior in an online game designed to simulate an insider attack scenario shows that humans, playing the role of attackers, attack far more often than predicted under perfect rationality. We describe an instance-based learning cognitive model, built in ACT-R, that accurately predicts human performance and biases in the game. To improve defenses, we propose an adaptive method of signaling that uses the cognitive model to trace an individual's experience in real time. We discuss the results and implications of this adaptive signaling method for personalized defense.
Estimated location of the sea fl oor sources of marine natural oil seeps from sea surface outbreaks : A new " source path procedure " applied to the northern Gulf of Mexico

Marine oil reservoirs are generally characterized on the sea surface by the presence of natural oil seeps (Sea Surface outbreaks hereafter SSO). The latter are easily evidenced with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images because of the dampening effect that oil has on the capillary and associated small gravity waves (Bragg waves). The sea surface outbreaks of oil seeps are offset from their source on the seabed (seafloor sources SFS) by hundreds meters or even kilometres. This displacement all along the sea water column is a function of the upward velocity of the oil droplet size, and the presence of lateral marine currents. This paper proposes a Vertical Drift Model (VDM) that combines both SAR images to get the SSO and the hydrodynamic model (HYCOM) function of the oil droplet size to estimate the SFS. After oil seeps detection from SAR images, the VDM proceeds to a regression in time and space based on the upward velocity of the oil, based on Stokes law, and the hydrodynamic conditions (HYCOM) to estimate the location of the seep source on the seafloor. The upward velocity depends strongly on the unknown droplet size. We propose herein a new VDM method named "sources paths" that allows to estimate the oil seeps sources on the seafloor without a priori knowledge of the oil droplet size by finding, for each oil seep, the seafloor sources corresponding to different diameters. We call "sources path" the line that joins the seafloor sources for an oil seep. The seafloor sources ought to be at the intersection of the maximum sources paths. The methodology has been applied to the northern Gulf of Mexico where the locations of many prolific oil seep sites are well known. A first validation of the source path procedure is that the obtained SFSs correspond to the seafloor sources of oil droplets having the same diameter and seeped at different times. Another validation has been performed through the comparison of SFS locations and those of the outcropping shallow salt. This comparison shows a good correlation and suggests that the oil seeps may be situated above the allochtonous toward autochthonous salt connections.
AMYLASE ACTIVITY AND YIELD IN SPRING WHEAT CULTIVARS ( Tritium aestivum L . ) DURING PRE-HARVEST SPROUTING IN NORTHERN IRAN *

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) refers to germination of seeds in physiologically mature spikes prior to harvest. In northern part of Iran (Gorgan and Mazandaran), it is very common and occur three or four times per ten years. The highest damage due to PHS of wheat in north of Iran was about 22000 ha, causing severe economic losses and reduction in grain yield quality, test weight, grain functionality and seed viability. Sprouting in wheat induces the synthesis of enzymes like α, ß and total amylase, which influences grain yield and bread making quality. PHS also negatively affects starch and proteins. The results revealed that selected genotypes of spring wheat significantly differed on the basis of starch, proteins and activities of α, ß and total amylase, percentage and severity of PHS and yield during MI. After 21 days of MI starch and protein contents as well as yield was reduced highly. However, activities of total, α and ß-amylase, percentage of PHS and severity were increased as compared to 7 and 14 days of MI. Starch and protein had shown positive correlation while total, α and ß-amylase activity, percentage of PHS and severityhad shown negative correlation with grain yield after 21 days MI. MI. Starch, protein and duration MI showed negative direct effect, while the negative indirect effect was observed on grain yield due to total amylase activities. Regression analysis shown for starch, proline and yield were decreased but total amylase activity was increased after 7, 14 and 21 days of MI.
The importance of BIM capability assessment

Purpose The emergence of building information modelling (BIM) has led to the need for pre-qualification and selection of organisations capable of working within a BIM environment. Several criteria have been proposed for the assessment of an organisation’s BIM capability during the pre-qualification and selection phase of projects. However, no studies have sought to empirically establish whether organisations selected on the basis of such criteria have actually been the most successful at delivering BIM on projects. The purpose of this paper is to address the aforementioned gap through a comparison of predicted BIM capability and post-selection performance. Design/methodology/approach BIM capability of firms in a case study was predicted using 28 BIM pre-qualification and selection criteria, prioritised based on their perceived contribution to BIM delivery success from a survey of practitioners on BIM-enabled projects. The comparison of predicted BIM capability and post-selection performance was, on the other hand, achieved through the application of the Technique to Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution and fuzzy sets theory (Fuzzy-TOPSIS). Findings Findings underscore the reliability of the 28 BIM pre-qualification and selection criteria as well as the priority weightings proposed for their use in predicting BIM capability and likelihood of performance. The findings have highlighted the importance of criteria related as previous BIM use experience as well as information processing maturity as critical indicators of the capability of organisations, particularly design firms. Originality/value Overall, the findings highlight the need for prioritisation of BIM pre-qualification and selection criteria on the basis of their actual contribution to delivery success from post-selection evaluation of performance.
Diversity of parasitic Hymenoptera with soil and litter hosts in tropical forests View project Molecular phylogenetics of the ant genus Rhytidoponera ( Formicidae : Ectatomminae ) View project

New sequencing technologies are providing a large-scale proliferation of sequence data, including complete mitochondrial genomes as a side effect of target capture methods. In this study, we use massively parallel sequencing to provide the nearly complete mitochondrial genome of the ant Octostruma stenognatha. The annotation of the genome revealed an interesting pattern that agrees with a recent deep reorganization in the systematics within the Formicidae family. This is the first mitogenome for the genus in a lineage, where the scarcity of mitochondrial information has restricted our understanding of its evolutionary history. This is a valuable example of the power and velocity with which products from new sequencing technologies can increase our capacity to understand evolutionary biology, especially in non-model species.
Bush meat trade in Makurdi Metropolis ; implications for the conservation of wildlife in Nigeria

Objective: To examine how bush meat trading processes could be adapted as a conduit for tackling the threatening disappearance of wildlife resources from their habitat in Nigeria. Methodology and results: Bush meat trade species in Makurdi metropolis were identified, and their sources and channels of trade and profitability determined through participatory market survey techniques. Applying a multistage sampling technique, 179 bush meat traders were identified and their trading activities monitored between February and August, 2010. Data were analysed on Excel and SPSS 14.0 software version. Fourteen bush meat species obtained from protected areas in Bauchi, Cross-River and Taraba states; over 300km away from the metropolis, were identified and 6074 dry bush meat carcasses were traded over the study period. The bush meat trade, channelling from primary suppliers through middlemen to the ultimate consumers was profitable. Conclusions and application of findings: Bush meat is widely consumed in Makurdi metropolis, and the numerous bush meat carcasses traded depicts the existent exploitation pressure on wildlife; and threat to their sustainability. Bush meat supply to Makurdi comes primarily from adjoining protected areas outside the state through illegal hunters and other forest products’ harvesters. The channels of bush meat trade perform the distributive functions, and this comprise of the primary producers, the middlemen, and the ultimate consumers. The profitability of bush meat trade in Makurdi metropolis propels bush meat traders to remain in business. This has increased pressure on wildlife harvests for trade and hence threats to their sustainability. Governments and other development agents should use information supplied here to plan for a sustainable system that will optimize people’s livelihoods and also maintain wildlife populations. Providing affordable and acceptable alternative sources of income and protein, promoting selective/exclusive hunting, and controlling access to complicated weapons are recommended policy options.
Evaluating internal consistency in cognitive models for repeated choice tasks

The present paper proposes and compares two new methods for evaluating internal consistency in cognitive models for repeated choice tasks. In the first method the task is divided into two parts (e.g., odd versus even trials), and the association between parameters estimated on the two parts is examined. This method is similar to the traditional Split-Half Reliability (SHR). The second method is based on the average consistency between random task subcomponents (similar to Cronbach’s Alpha method). In both methods, non-modeled trials are used to enter data into the model but not for estimating model parameters. To assess the two methods, a study was conducted in which 65 participants performed three repeated choice tasks: Two versions of the High Variance task (Thaler et al., 1991), and a dynamic version of the Iowa Gambling task (Bechara et al., 1999). The current methods were used to examine the parameters of the Expectancy Valence cognitive model (Busemeyer & Stout, 2002). The results using the two methods converged in terms of the ranked consistency of model parameters and alternative choice rules (trial dependent and independent choice consistency) in the two tasks.
Women on Boards and Firm Performance in Malaysia : Preparing to Open the Black Box

Studying the influence of women directors on firm performance is gaining research interest in Malaysia, especially since the Malaysian government has established a goal of 30 percent female board membership. However, corporate boards tend to appear as ‘black boxes’ because their deliberations are often hidden from research scrutiny. Previous studies seeking a direct link between the demographic characteristics of corporate boards and firm performance have had mixed results. Thus, this paper will fill in the gap by leaning on previous direct approaches but also suggests a more indirect way of opening the black box: by studying the influence of diversity – especially the presence and proportion of women directors – on the group processes of the board and the board’s performance of its tasks, and then examining the link between performance of board tasks and SMEs’ performance. Three aspects of board processes appear likely to affect the completion of board tasks: cognitive conflict, effort norms, and use of knowledge and skills. The board’s completion of its service, monitoring, and networking tasks appears likely to affect firm performance, so these will be used to assess board performance. Firm performance is measured in broad i.e. in terms of customer satisfaction, customer retention, market share, innovation, as well as perceptions of the firm’s long and short-term financial performance.
Aging Triggers H 3 K 27 Trimethylation Hoarding in 2 the Chromatin of Nothobranchius Furzeri Skeletal 3 Muscle 4

Aging associates with progressive loss of skeletal muscle function leading up to 35 sarcopenia, a process characterized by impaired mobility and weakening of muscle strength. 36 Molecular mechanisms underpinning sarcopenia are still poorly characterized. Since aging 37 associates with profound epigenetic changes, epigenetic landscape alteration analysis in the skeletal 38 muscle promises to highlight molecular mechanisms of age-associated sarcopenia. The study was 39 conducted exploiting the short-lived turquoise killifish Nothobranchius furzeri (Nfu), a relatively new 40 model for aging studies. The epigenetic analysis suggested for a less accessible and more condensed 41 chromatin in old Nfu skeletal muscle. Specifically, an accumulation of heterochromatin regions was 42 observed as consequence of increased levels of H3K27me3, HP1, polycomb complex subunits and 43 senescence associated heterochromatic foci (SAHFs). Consistently, euchromatin histone marks, 44 including H3K9ac, decreased. The integrative bioinformatics analysis of RNASeq and ChIPSeq, 45 related to skeletal muscle of Nfu at different ages, revealed a down-modulation of genes involved 46 in cell cycle, differentiation and DNA repair and an up-regulation of inflammation and senescence 47 genes. Undoubtedly, more studies are needed to disclose the detailed mechanisms, but this 48 approach revealed an unprecedented specific features of Nfu skeletal muscle aging, potentially 49 Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 2 August 2019 doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0032. v1 © 2019 by the author(s). Distributed under a Creative Commons CC BY license. Peer-reviewed version available at Cells 2019, 8, 1169; doi:10.3390/cells8101169
UNIONIZED OLIGOPOLY, TRADE LIBERALIZATION

In a two-country reciprocal dumping model, with one country unionized, we analyze how wage setting and firm location are influenced by trade liberalization. We show that trade liberalization can induce FDI, which is at odds with conventional theoretical wisdom and cannot happen in a corresponding model without unionization. FDI is undertaken partly to win a distributional battle with unionized labor, and the incentives to invest abroad can be too large seen from a welfare point of view. JEL Classification: D43, F15, F16, F21, J51.
Increased A 20E 3 ubiquitin ligase interactions in bid-deficient glia attenuate TLR 3-and TLR 4-induced inflammation

Background: Chronic pro-inflammatory signaling propagates damage to neural tissue and affects the rate of disease progression. Increased activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), master regulators of the innate immune response, is implicated in the etiology of several neuropathologies including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Previously, we identified that the Bcl-2 family protein BH3-interacting domain death agonist (Bid) potentiates the TLR4-NF-κB pro-inflammatory response in glia, and specifically characterized an interaction between Bid and TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) in microglia in response to TLR4 activation. Methods: We assessed the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) inflammatory pathways in response to TLR3 and TLR4 agonists in wild-type (wt) and bid-deficient microglia and macrophages, using Western blot and qPCR, focusing on the response of the E3 ubiquitin ligases Pellino 1 (Peli1) and TRAF3 in the absence of microglial and astrocytic Bid. Additionally, by Western blot, we investigated the Biddependent turnover of Peli1 and TRAF3 in wt and bid microglia using the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib. Interactions between the de-ubiquitinating Smad6-A20 and the E3 ubiquitin ligases, TRAF3 and TRAF6, were determined by FLAG pull-down in TRAF6-FLAG or Smad6-FLAG overexpressing wt and bid-deficient mixed glia. Results: We elucidated a positive role of Bid in both TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF)and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)-dependent pathways downstream of TLR4, concurrently implicating TLR3-induced inflammation. We identified that Peli1 mRNA levels were significantly reduced in PolyI:Cand lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated bid-deficient microglia, suggesting disturbed IRF3 activation. Differential regulation of TRAF3 and Peli1, both essential E3 ubiquitin ligases facilitating TRIF-dependent signaling, was observed between wt and bid microglia and astrocytes. bid deficiency resulted in increased A20-E3 ubiquitin ligase protein interactions in glia, specifically A20-TRAF6 and A20-TRAF3, implicating enhanced de-ubiquitination as the mechanism of action by which E3 ligase activity is perturbed. Furthermore, Smad6-facilitated recruitment of the de-ubiquitinase A20 to E3-ligases occurred in a bid-dependent manner. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that Bid promotes E3 ubiquitin ligase-mediated signaling downstream of TLR3 and TLR4 and provides further evidence for the potential of Bid inhibition as a therapeutic for the attenuation of the robust pro-inflammatory response culminating in TLR activation.
Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

The concept of an equivalent martingale measure is of key importance for pricing of financial derivative contracts. The goal of the paper is to apply infinitesimals in the non-standard analysis set-up to provide an elementary construction of the equivalent martingale measure built on hyperfinite binomial trees with infinitesimal time steps.
Political Dynasties and Poverty : Illustration of Measurement and Initial Evidence of Linkages in the Philippines

A political dynasty emerges when an incumbent elected official has at least one relative in elected office in the past or the present government. In the Philippines, for example, political dynasties comprise over 70% of its Congress. The impact of political dynasties on socioeconomic outcomes such as poverty is however an empirical question. Do political dynasties exacerbate poverty? This paper presents evidence of the impact of political dynasties on poverty. The analysis of data from the Philippines finds a positive effect of political dynasties on poverty outside of Luzon. JEL Codes: D70; I39; O53; P16
AIR ENTRAINMENT AND DEGASSING PROCESS IN BREAKING WAVES

The air entrainment and the degassing process in breaking waves is investigated. The flow generated by the breaking of free–surface waves of different initial steepnesses is simulated numerically, through a two-fluids Navier-Stokes solver combined with a Level-Set technique for the interface capturing. The flow is assumed two-dimensional. The evolution of periodic wave trains of different initial steepness is considered. For large initial steepnesses the breaking is of the plunging type and leads to the entrappment of large air cavities, area of which is found to scale as the steepness to the power seven. The fragmentation process of the large air cavities is analysed and quantitative estimates of the amount of air entrapped by the breaking and of the degassing process are provided.
Biointensive approaches for the management of chilli pest complex

Pesticides are playing a prominent role in the pest management aspect in both agriculture and horticulture crops. But usage of the pesticides is posing severe ecological consequences. Alternative approach consisting of ecofriendly components are safe and is most preferable. In this view, an investigation was carried out on evaluation of different IPM modules against pest complex of chilli and it revealed that, MI comprised of seedling treatment with raw cow milk (15%) in combination with Trichoderma (4g),incorporation of Vermicompost at 2.5t/ha and Neem cake at 2.5q/ha during transplanting, two rows of marigold barrier crop and marigold trap crop (1:16),scheduled spray of Garlic Chilli Kerosene at 5 WAT, Azadirachtin 10000 ppm (1 ml/l) + Lecanicillium lecanii (2X10 cfu/ml) at 5 g/l at 9 WAT, Chlorfenapyr 10 EC @ 2 ml/l was most effective by maintaining minimum pest incidence and maximum yield i.e. 32 q/ha.
Development and Critical Evaluation of Membrane Electrodes as Electronic Tongue Sensors for Pharmaceutical Applications

This thesis addresses the urgent need for the definition of quality attributes for electronic tongue systems used for the taste assessment in the development of palatable oral pharmaceuticals on the basis of the sensor array. The preparation of polymer-based membrane electrodes provides insights in composition, manufacturing processes, performance and applications of the sensors. This knowledge was used for the definition of quality attributes for electronic tongue sensors regardless from the method of manufacturing or basic measurement principle including the stability of the sensor responses, the reproducibility, robustness and the sensitivity. These criteria opens the discussion for the legislation of electronic tongues by regulatory authorities. The acquired knowledge on the composition of membrane electrodes for the characterization of multicomponent solutions was furthermore used for individual manufacturing of specialized electronic tongue sensors for specific pharmaceutical questions. As differences in taste and pharmacological activity of enantiomers is challenge in the characterization of oral pharmaceuticals, the incorporation of cyclodextrins in the polymer membranes that enabled the stereoselective analysis of pharmaceuticals was one of the major achievements of this thesis. Beside this, correlation of in-vitro and in-vivo taste data increased the clinical relevance of electronic tongues during this work and enabled their application for the development of taste-masked pharmaceuticals as well as it justified the implementation of electronic tongues for additional analytical tasks in the field of pharmaceutics. This approach facilitates the application of electronic tongue sensors for the taste-masking assessment of different multicomponent beverages and for the detection of drug release profiles in biorelevant artificial saliva demonstrating that the drawbacks of turbid and multicomponent sample media for the analytic by UV spectroscopy were overcome. With regard to the achievements in the comprehension of electronic tongue sensors and their application, this thesis offers the opportunity of standardizing the characterization of oral pharmaceuticals by electronic tongue systems with defined quality criteria for a future approach to approve electronic tongues by regulatory authorities. Furthermore, the superiority of the sensor arrays for special pharmaceutical and analytical applications was demonstrated and the relevance of electronic tongues as analytical tools in the field of pharmaceutical sciences was strengthen.