Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pattern-based control rules for fisheries management

Fisheries that are managed by conventional standards are often managed by regulating catches through what are frequently referred to as control rules. These rules involve three components, each of which are treated as distinct issues in this paper: 1) reduction in the abundance of the population of fish being harvested, 2) changes in suggested harvest rates depending on the abundance of the resource population, and 3) the magnitude of these variable harvest rates. Of course, these components are not isolated from each other and, in their implementation, they are used in combination. Overall, the application of control rules involves lines of reasoning based on our scientific understanding of at least a few of the basic principles of population dynamics. In part, control rules represent attempts to avoid recognized risks of overharvesting. In this paper, we make use of information from natural patterns to address each of these three elements of control rules to illustrate how each can be treated in a way that fully accounts for all of the complexity involved (i.e., the infinite set of relevant factors). Specifically, macroecological patterns are used to identify some of the problems caused (rather than solved) through the conventional application of control rules. We find that 1) harvested populations should be maintained at levels from 60-100% larger than what is often considered desirable in conventional management, 2) control rules should be curvilinear (rather than involving two linear segments) with harvests at levels that are between 56% and 72% of maximum when resources populations are at 40% of unharvested levels, and 3) harvest rates commonly need to be less than 10% of the magnitude of those used in much of today’s management. Our approach to arriving at these findings is based on information that is holistic in nature; among the things that get taken into account are the full complexity of evosystems, ecosystems, and all of their associated dynamics—including all associated risks. We emphasize the importance of our work by providing examples of the kind of information that achieves this holism. Key in this regard is the match between the natural patterns used for guidance and the management question being addressed. The discrepancies noted for the conventional application of the three components of control rules on which we chose to focus, can, in large part, be
A Qualitative Study on Knowledge and Attitude towards Risk Factors, Early Identification and Intervention of Infant Hearing Loss among Puerperal Mothers- A Short Survey.

INTRODUCTION Maternal active participation and their support are critical for the success of early hearing loss detection program. Erroneous maternal decisions may have large life long consequences on the infant's life. The mothers' knowledge and their attitudes towards infant hearing loss is the basis for their decisions. AIM The present study was done to determine the mothers' knowledge and their attitude towards risk factors of infant hearing loss, its early identification and intervention and also awareness of effect of consanguinity on hearing loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional questionnaire survey study, a total of 100 mothers were interviewed using the questionnaire which consisted of three sections namely risk factors, early identification and early intervention of hearing loss. Chi-square test was used to establish relationship between consanguineous and non-consanguineous mother's responses to its effect on hearing loss. A p-value < 0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS Mothers' awareness was significantly high for visible causes (ear pain/discharge, head injury and slap to ear) of hearing loss. Positive attitude was seen for importance of screening programs and follow up testing. Moderate level of awareness was found on hazards of consanguinity and benefits of early identification. However, mothers were least aware of neonatal jaundice, NICU admission (>5 days), signs of late-onset and neural hearing loss, management of hearing loss, hearing aid fitting and therapy necessity, which might interfere in early detection and intervention of hearing loss. CONCLUSION It is crucial to educate mothers on few risk factors and management of hearing loss to reduce its consequences.
A Study of VHS Culture of Quality through Improving the Role of ICT Center Management

In 2006, Kemendiknas RI have done big enough investment in developing national computer network, called Jardiknas. Based on observation, there are quite a lot unproductive ICT center, is previously established in vocational schools. The study aims to find the suitable model of ICT management for Vocational High School (VHS). The model is expected to give the cultural contribution on the quality of education.
Work Values and Job Rewards: A Theory of Job Satisfaction.

This paper attempts to develop a theory of job satisfaction which incorporates differences in work values and perceived job characteristics as key explanatory variables. It empirically examines the relationship between job satisfaction and the work values and job rewards associated with six dimensions of work-intrinsic, convenience, financial, relations with co-workers, career opportunities and resource adequacy. It is found that work values have independent-effects on job satisfaction. The extent to which workers are able to obtain perceived job rewards is conceptualized to be a function of their degree of control over their employment situations. The paper also seeks to develop a framework which links the variation in the job satisfactions of workers to the factors that influence the degree of their control over the attainment of job rewards in American society. The analyses in this paper are based on data from the 1972-73 Quality of Employment Survey. The concept of job satisfaction traditionally has been of great interest to social scientists concerned with the problems of work in an industrial society. Many have been interested in job satisfaction, for example, as a result of a personal value system which assumes that work which enables satisfaction of one's needs furthers the dignity of the human individual, whereas work without these characteristics limits the development of personal potential and is, therefore, to be negatively valued. Thus, it is important to examine these issues in order, hopefully, to improve the work experiences of individuals as an end in itself. Other social scientists have been interested in this concept because of evidence that has linked the degree of satisfaction with work to the quality of one's life outside the work role-especially one's physical and mental health. Still others were motivated to study job satisfaction out of a desire to improve productivity and organizational functioning by improving the quality of work experiences of employees. While these concerns have their bases in different perspectives, they share the recognition of the importance of the job in the total life experience of the individual and the desirability of a
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TONIC VERGENCE AND OCULOMOTOR STRESS INDUCED BY ETHANOL

Abstract— Previous investigations have demonstrated an ethanol‐induced increase in distance esophoria and an increase in near exophoria, together with a decrease in negative fusional ability, the AC/A ratio and near point of convergence. The present study (N= 10) was designed to test the hypothesis that these effects are due to a biasing of vergence towards its tonic resting state when under conditions of oculomotor stress. Measurements of the parameters before and 1 hr after imbibition of a moderate dose of ethanol supported the previous findings. Darkroom measures of tonic vergence (vernier alignment) and tonic accommodation (laser optometry) were unaffected by ethanol. The study indicates that the changes in oculomotor function induced by the central inhibitory action of ethanol represent a shift towards the tonic vergence position.
The role of FDI in enhancing Oman’s ports sector

ABSTRACT The paper examines the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) and its role in enhancing Oman’s ports sector. Data was collected through an administered questionnaire, with a sample of 59 respondents selected randomly from Sohar and Sultan Qaboos ports. The study found the strategic location of the country, government policy, and easy access to skilled manpower from neighbouring countries are the main factors attracting the FDI to Oman’s ports sector. Benefits of FDI to Omani ports include creating more jobs, supplementing domestic investment, transferring technology and bringing new organisational and managerial practices.
Isometric endurance, body and skin temperature and limb and skin blood flow during the menstrual cycle.

BACKGROUND Limb blood flow and skin and deep tissue temperature change during the menstrual cycle. However, the impact of these changes on isometric exercise performance has not been investigated. MATERIAL/METHODS Isometric endurance was assessed at contraction tensions of 20, 40 and 60% of the maximal voluntary contraction strength (MVC) of the handgrip muscles in 8 women every other day throughout their menstrual cycles (MC). For any MC, contractions were only accomplished at one of the three tensions. For contractions at 40% MVC, an additional two MC were studied during which the circulation to the forearm was occluded during the contractions in one cycle and muscle temperature stabilized and occluded in another cycle. RESULTS The results of these experiments showed a small variation in endurance during the MC for contractions at 60% MVC. This effect increased at 40% and was greatest for contractions at 20% MVC. When circulation was occluded, the response was changed in both magnitude and timing during the MC showing that there was variation in muscle performance due to the menstrual cycle not due to changes in blood flow. Further, when muscle temperature was stabilized and flow occluded, there was still lower endurance at the end of the Follicular phase showing an effect of the menstrual cycle on endurance absent changes in muscle temperature and blood flow. CONCLUSIONS The results show that the MC alters isometric endurance due to 1) a cyclic variation in muscle temperature, 2) direct effects of the menstrual cycle on circulation and 3) Direct effects of the MC on muscle.
Does institutional monitoring matter? Evidence from insider trading by information risk level

ABSTRACT We examine the effects of institutional ownership on insider exploitation of asymmetric information. Because institutional investors monitor firm activities in order to improve the corporate information environment, such monitoring could decrease the intensity of insider trading on private information. We find that large, long-term institutional ownership is negatively and significantly related to the extent of insider trading associated with information risk. This suggests that institutional monitoring mitigates information asymmetry among investors, resulting in lower information risk, thus restricting informed insider trading.
Chronically saturating levels of endogenous glycine disrupt glutamatergic neurotransmission and enhance synaptogenesis in the CA1 region of mouse hippocampus

Glycine serves a dual role in neurotransmission. It is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord and brain stem and is also an obligatory coagonist at the excitatory glutamate, N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Therefore, the postsynaptic action of glycine should be strongly regulated to maintain a balance between its inhibitory and excitatory inputs. The glycine concentration at the synapse is tightly regulated by two types of glycine transporters, GlyT1 and GlyT2, located on nerve terminals or astrocytes. Genetic studies demonstrated that homozygous (GlyT1−/−) newborn mice display severe sensorimotor deficits characterized by lethargy, hypotonia, and hyporesponsivity to tactile stimuli and ultimately die in their first postnatal day. These symptoms are similar to those associated with the human disease glycine encephalopathy in which there is a high level of glycine in cerebrospinal fluid of affected individuals. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the impact of chronically high concentrations of endogenous glycine on glutamatergic neurotransmission during postnatal development using an in vivo mouse model (GlyT1+/−). The results of our study indicate the following; that compared with wild‐type mice, CA1 pyramidal neurons from mutants display significant disruptions in hippocampal glutamatergic neurotransmission, as suggested by a faster kinetic of NMDAR excitatory postsynaptic currents, a lower reduction of the amplitude of NMDAR excitatory postsynaptic currents by ifenprodil, no difference in protein expression for NR2A and NR2B but a higher protein expression for PSD‐95, an increase in their number of synapses and finally, enhanced neuronal excitability. Synapse 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility: The Liquidity Risk Factor

This study is an extension to Shalchian et al. (2015) and investigates the effect of the “liquidity” risk factor on the performance of socially responsible investments in different industries and based on different dimensions of corporate social responsibility. Using Pastor and Stambault’s liquidity risk factor, we find that in the mining industry and based on the dimensions of “environment”, “employees’ relations” and “community involvement”, socially responsible investments are relatively less exposed to the liquidity risk factor. Our results also suggest that compared to conventional investments in the manufacturing and service industries, socially responsible investment’s performance is more sensitive to the liquidity risk factor.
Increased frequencies of serum antibodies to neurofilament light in patients with primary chronic progressive multiple sclerosis

We investigated whether serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) antibodies to the light subunit of the NF protein (NF-L), a main component of the axonal cytoskeleton, may serve as biological markers for axonal pathology and/or disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). IgG to NF-L was measured in sera and CSF of MS patients, patients with inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the PNS, with acute inflammatory neurological diseases (including bacterial and viral meningitis), with neurodegenerative diseases, with acute noninflammatory neurological diseases (including stroke, headache and backache) and healthy controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that serum anti-NF-L IgG antibodies were significantly elevated in MS patients with primary progressive disease course and we provide evidence for an intrathecal production of these antibodies. Our findings support the use of serum antibodies to NF-L as a marker for axonal destruction.
External validation of blood eosinophils, FENO and serum periostin as surrogates for sputum eosinophils in asthma

Background Monitoring sputum eosinophils in asthma predicts exacerbations and improves management of asthma. Thus far, blood eosinophils and FENO show contradictory results in predicting eosinophilic airway inflammation. More recently, serum periostin was proposed as a novel biomarker for eosinophilic inflammation. Objectives Quantifying the mutual relationships of blood eosinophils, FENO, and serum periostin with sputum eosinophils by external validation in two independent cohorts across various severities of asthma. Methods The first cohort consisted of 110 patients with mild to moderate asthma (external validation cohort). The replication cohort consisted of 37 patients with moderate to severe asthma. Both cohorts were evaluated cross-sectionally. Sputum was induced for the assessment of eosinophils. In parallel, blood eosinophil counts, serum periostin concentrations and FENO were assessed. The diagnostic accuracy of these markers to identify eosinophilic asthma (sputum eosinophils ≥3%) was calculated using receiver operating characteristics area under the curve (ROC AUC). Results In the external validation cohort, ROC AUC for blood eosinophils was 89% (p<0.001) and for FENO level 78% (p<0.001) to detect sputum eosinophilia ≥3%. Serum periostin was not able to distinguish eosinophilic from non-eosinophilic airway inflammation (ROC AUC=55%, p=0.44). When combining these three variables, no improvement was seen. The diagnostic value of blood eosinophils was confirmed in the replication cohort (ROC AUC 85%, p<0.001). Conclusions In patients with mild to moderate asthma, as well as patients with more severe asthma, blood eosinophils had the highest accuracy in the identification of sputum eosinophilia in asthma. The use of blood eosinophils can facilitate individualised treatment and management of asthma. Trial registration NTR1846 and NTR2364.
Modulation of motor cortical outputs to the reading hand of braille readers

We used focal transcranial magnetic stimulation to map the motor cortical areas targeting the first dorsal interosseous and the abductor digiti minimi muscles bilaterally in 10 proficient braille readers and 10 blind controls who were matched for age (mean, 50.6 yr) and age at time of blindness (mean, 7.5 yr). The proficient braille readers had learned braille at age 8 to 14 years and used it daily for 5 to 10 hours. Controls had not learned braille until age 17 to 21 years and used it daily for <1 hour. In the controls, motor representations of the right and left first dorsal interosseous and abductor digiti minimi muscles were not significantly different. However, in the proficient braille readers, the representation of the first dorsal interosseous muscle in the reading hand was significantly larger than that in the nonreading hand or in either hand of the controls. Conversely, the representation of the abductor digiti minimi muscle in the reading hand was significantly smaller than that in the nonreading hand or in either hand of the controls. These differences were not due to differences in motor thresholds. Our results suggest that the cortical representation of the reading finger in proficient braille readers is enlarged at the expense of the representation of other fingers.
Demand Complementarities and Cross‐Country Price Differences

Empirical studies document that markups vary across destinations. This paper proposes a novel mechanism to explain variation in markups: consumers utility from final goods and services depends on their consumption of complementary goods and services. In countries with more complementary goods and services, consumer demand is less elastic, enabling monopolistically competitive firms to charge higher prices. The paper provides empirical evidence documenting a dependence of prices on demand complementarities.
Role of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis as a respiratory pathogen in children

During a 12‐month surveillance period in 1981‐1982, Moraxella catarrhalis was detected in cultures from nasopharyngeal aspirates from 76 (17%) of 449 children hospitalized with middle or lower respiratory tract infection. Seroconversion to M. catarrhalis was positive in 4(5%) of the 76 patients with M. catarrhalis present in nasopharyngeal aspirates and in 4(1%) of 373 patients with a negative finding. Although children with respiratory tract infections were often colonized by the organism, this was rarely the infective agent of the middle or lower airways. Four of 8 patients with seroconversion to M. catarrhalis exhibited a concomitant RSV infection. The carriage of this species was more closely associated with parainfluenza virus infections. Serological responses to M. catarrhalis were not associated with acute otitis media, and were also rare in children with pneumonia. It is concluded that bronchopulmonary infections caused by M. catarrhalis are rare in children, and that M. catarrhalis aetiology need not be considered in the selection of antibiotics in cases of community‐acquired pneumonia or other infections of the middle or lower respiratory tract affecting primarily healthy children.
The relationship between organizational resources and Green IT/S adoption: A RBV approach

The objective of the present study was to empirically explore the impact of the implementation of Green IT/S measures on organizational resources in the US and European firms. The study examined the influence of reconfiguration of resources within a firm while adopting various Green IT/S practices and technologies. Green IT/S implementation requires resource commitment from organizations (Bose and Luo, 2011). What are these resources and how do they affect the extent of Green IT/S measures adopted by businesses? Resource Based View (RBV) of the firm was used as the theoretical framework of the study. The relationship between the adoption of Green IT/S measures and the relevant resources were examined using empirical methods. Fifty three US and EU executives who were knowledgeable about Green IT/S implementation in thirty three organizations provided the data through structured interviews. The findings suggest statistically significant relationship between the Green IT/S adoption practices and reconfiguration of several IT and non-IT resources. Findings indicate the effectiveness of RBV as a theoretical framework to investigate the factors that influence Green IT/S measures and technologies. Environmental impacts of IT is an issue of practical relevance to enterprises facing energy constraints and addressing environmental concerns as a social responsibility. The current study integrates two streams of research, namely, the adoption of Green IT and, the Resource Based View (RBV) of a firm as the theoretical framework of this research.
The Study of Quality Service of Education in Public Vocational Schools in Using ServQual Model

The research aims to determine the level of quality service of education in Public Vocational Schools in West Lombok. The research employed the ServQual (service quality) method, involving 200 students of Public Vocational Schools in West Lombok who were selected through cluster proportional random sampling. The data were collected using questionnaires using Likert scale. The research dimension and instruments were adapted from the previous publication, consisting of the aspects of reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and physical/tangible feature. All data were analyzed statistically by descriptive statistics and comparative analysis. The research showed that there was a significant difference of quality service of education between reality and students’ expectation. The average value of students’ expectation on the 5 aspects of the quality of education service was higher than the average value of reality. It inferred that the level of quality service of education in public vocational schools in West Lombok was not satisfactory yet. Keywords—service quality; vocational education; servqual
Trends in migrant mortality rates in Australia 1981–2007: a focus on the National Health Priority Areas other than cancer

Introduction. Migrants generally have more favourable mortality outcomes than the Australian-born population. The aim of this study is to update knowledge and inform future research in this field by examining mortality from musculoskeletal conditions, asthma, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, injuries and mental conditions between 1981 and 2007 among migrants in Australia. Methods. Average annual sex- and age-standardised mortality rates were calculated for each migrant group, period of death registration and cause of death. Results and Conclusions. Mortality rates decreased among most groups for asthma, cardiovascular disease and motor vehicle accidents, with rates diverging in the later time periods. The reverse was true for mental disorders, where Australian-born individuals experienced the greatest increase in mortality. Migrants generally displayed more favourable mortality outcomes than their Australian-born counterparts. Migrants from Southern Europe appeared to have the greatest advantage. However, some migrants appeared to be over-represented in the areas of diabetes, suicide and mental health.