Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Th17 Polarization under Hypoxia Results in Increased IL-10 Production in a Pathogen-Independent Manner

The IL-17-producing CD4+ T helper cell (Th17) differentiation is affected by stimulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway and by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α). In some cases, Th17 become non-pathogenic and produce IL-10. However, the initiating events triggering this phenotype are yet to be fully understood. Here, we show that such cells may be differentiated at low oxygen and regardless of AhR ligand treatment such as cigarette smoke extract. Hypoxia led to marked alterations of the transcriptome of IL-10-producing Th17 cells affecting genes involved in metabolic, anti-apoptotic, cell cycle, and T cell functional pathways. Moreover, we show that oxygen regulates the expression of CD52, which is a cell surface protein that has been shown to suppress the activation of other T cells upon release. Taken together, these findings suggest a novel ability for Th17 cells to regulate immune responses in vivo in an oxygen-dependent fashion.
Relationship between N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor NR1 Splice Variants and NR2 Subunits*

The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor is assembled from one NR1 subunit, expressed in eight splice variants, and four NR2 subunits (NR2A-D). The combination of subunits and splice variants determines the pharmacological and physiological properties of the receptor. In the present study we investigated the relationship between NR1 splice variants and NR2 subunits in rat brain using a series of antibodies selective for the four NR1 cassettes, which vary in the NR1 splice variants, and for NR2A and NR2B. Sodium deoxycholate at pH 9.0 solubilized about 35% of the receptor, which was intact based on co-immunoprecipitation of NR1 and NR2 subunits and chemical cross-linking of the solubilized receptor. The cross-linked product contained three high molecular weight components, Mr = 603,000, 700,000, and 750,000, which were immunolabeled with antibodies to NR1 and to NR2 subunits. Immunoprecipitation analyses using antibodies selective for NR2A and NR2B showed no preferential assembly between NR2 subunits and NR1 splice variants. There was little co-immunoprecipitation of NR2A and NR2B, suggesting that most NMDA receptor complexes contain only one of these subunits. However, receptor complexes can contain at least two different NR1 splice variants. In developing conditions for the solubilization of intact NMDA receptor complexes, we observed a differential solubilization of NR1 and NR2 subunits. NR2 was nearly insoluble in Triton X-100 in both microsomal and synaptic membrane fractions, while NR1 was readily soluble in the microsomal fraction but insoluble in the synaptic membrane fraction. These results suggest that the NR1 subunit is modified when it is incorporated into the synaptic membrane, possibly by strengthening its interaction with NR2 or another synaptic protein.
Determination of Three-dimensional Structure and Residues of the Novel Tumor Suppressor AIMP3/p18 Required for the Interaction with ATM*

Although AIMP3/p18 is normally associated with the multi-tRNA synthetase complex via its specific interaction with methionyl-tRNA synthetase, it also works as a tumor suppressor by interacting with ATM, the upstream kinase of p53. To understand the molecular interactions of AIMP3 and the mechanisms involved, we determined the crystal structure of AIMP3 at 2.0-Å resolution and identified its potential sites of interaction with ATM. AIMP3 contains two distinct domains linked by a 7-amino acid (Lys57-Ser63) peptide, which contains a 310 helix. The 56-amino acid N-terminal domain consists of two helices into which three antiparallel β strands are inserted, and the 111-amino acid C-terminal domain contains a bundle of five helices (Thr64-Tyr152) followed by a coiled region (Pro153-Leu169). Structural analyses revealed homologous proteins such as yeast glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, Arc1p, EF1Bγ, and glutathione S-transferase and suggested two potential molecular binding sites. Moreover, mutations at the C-terminal putative binding site abolished the interaction between AIMP3 and ATM and the ability of AIMP3 to activate p53. Thus, this work identified the two potential molecular interaction sites of AIMP3 and determined the residues critical for its tumor-suppressive activity through the interaction with ATM.
Rupert Sheldrake The Sense of Being Stared At Part 1 : Is it Real or Illusory ?

Most people have had the experience of turning round feeling that someone is looking at them from behind, and finding that this is the case. Most people have also had the converse experience. They can sometimes make people turn around by staring at them. In surveys in Europe and North America, between 70% and 97% of the people questioned said they had had personal experiences of these kinds (Braud et al., 1990; Sheldrake, 1994; Cottrell et al., 1996). The sense of being stared at is often alluded to in fiction, as in stories or novels by Tolstoy, Dostoyevsky, Anatole France, Victor Hugo, Aldous Huxley, D.H. Lawrence, John Cowper Powys, Thomas Mann, J.B. Priestley and many other writers (Poortman, 1959). Here is an example from Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the creator of Sherlock Holmes:
Growth and Rupture Mechanism of Partially Thrombosed Aneurysms

Within the group of giant and large aneurysms the subgroup of the so-called “partially thrombosed” aneurysms can be differentiated according to clinical and neuroimaging findings. The present study was carried out to determine the site of bleeding of these aneurysms and what implications concerning their pathomechanism can be drawn from these findings. Twenty patients aged two to 77 (mean 44) years who exhibited a partially thrombosed aneurysm that had recently bled were included. Images (MRI including T1 pre- and postcontrast and T2 weighted images in multiple planes, CT and digital subtraction angiography) and patients' charts were reviewed. MRI showed an onion-skin appearance of the thrombus in 19 patients, rim enhancement of the aneurysm wall (either partial or complete) in 17, and a perifocal edema in 16 patients. The acute hemorrhage was typically crescent-shaped and located at the periphery of the aneurysm, distant from the perfused lumen of the aneurysm within the thrombosed part of the aneurysm. The current denomination “partially thrombosed” intracranial arterial aneurysms leads to the presumption that thrombus is present endoluminal whereas in fact the site of hemorrhage is within the vessel wall. A more accurate nomination would, therefore, be “aneurysms with intra mural hemorrhage”. The enhancing wall and the edematous reaction of the adjacent brain parenchyma might be a sign for an inflammatory pathomechanism which is reinforced by histological and pathophysiological studies. This disease should be regarded as a clinical entity separate from saccular or non-thrombosed giant or large aneurysms.
Limited efficacy of growth hormone (GH) during transition of GH-deficient patients from adolescence to adulthood: a phase III multicenter, double-blind, randomized two-year trial.

CONTEXT Treatment of GH-deficient adolescents in transition to adulthood remains challenging. OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the safety and efficacy of GH in GH-deficient adolescents in transition. PATIENTS Fifty-eight GH-deficient adolescents (mean age, 15.8 +/- 1.8 yr; 33 males) at near completion of their linear growth participated in the study. INTERVENTION Baseline studies were done while subjects were on GH. Subjects were retested (insulin-induced hypoglycemia) 4 wk after GH discontinuation and reclassified as persistently GH-deficient or controls (n = 18). GH-deficient subjects were randomized to GH (n = 25, approximately 20 microg/kg.d) or placebo (n = 15). SETTING The multicenter study was conducted over a 2-yr period. MAIN OUTCOMES Changes in body composition, bone mineral density (BMD), quality of life (QOL), cardiovascular and metabolic markers were measured. RESULTS All groups had normal measures of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, body composition, BMD, cardiac function, muscle strength, and QOL at baseline and after 2 yr. IGF-I concentrations decreased in all, but less so in the GH-group (P = 0.013). There was a greater increase in lean body mass (lesser adiposity) in the GH group than placebo at 12 months, but not at 24 months. CONCLUSIONS 1) GH-deficient patients properly treated in childhood can have normal BMD, body composition, cardiac function, muscle strength, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and QOL when reaching adult height; and 2) continuation of GH therapy for 2 yr did not change these measures as compared to placebo-treated or control subjects. GH-deficient adolescents in good metabolic status at the time of epiphyseal fusion may safely discontinue GH for at least 2 yr. Follow-up is needed to determine whether GH therapy is eventually warranted in subjects treated with GH during childhood.
Differentiated Reliable Partial SRLG-disjoint Shared Path Protection in Survivable WDM Network

In this paper, we address the problem of differentiated reliable shared path protection algorithm under shared-risk-link-group (SRLG) constraint in survivable wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) optical networks. Rather than the conventional complete SRLG-disjoint shared path protection, we introduce a heuristic partial SRLG-disjoint shared path protection algorithm (Pd-SPP) based on the concept of SRLG conditional failure probability, to provide differentiated reliability protection. Our goal is to further improve the network resource utilization ratio under the DiR constraint. We adopt the ideas of partial SRLG-disjoint and the K-shortest paths algorithm such we can efficiently solve the "trap" problem. The experimental results show that our algorithm outperforms the complete SRLG-disjoint shared path protection in both blocking probability ratio and network resource utilization, the results are found to be promising
Severe prenatal renal anomalies associated with mutations in HNF1B or PAX2 genes.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are a frequent cause of renal failure in children, and their detection in utero is now common with fetal screening ultrasonography. The clinical course of CAKUT detected before birth is very heterogeneous and depends on the level of nephron reduction. The most severe forms cause life-threatening renal failure, leading to perinatal death or the need for very early renal replacement therapy. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS This study reports the screening of two genes (HNF1B and PAX2) involved in monogenic syndromic CAKUT in a cohort of 103 fetuses from 91 families with very severe CAKUT that appeared isolated by fetal ultrasound examination and led to termination of pregnancy. RESULTS This study identified a disease-causing mutation in HNF1B in 12 cases from 11 families and a mutation in PAX2 in 4 unrelated cases. Various renal phenotypes were observed, but no case of bilateral agenesis was associated with HNF1B or PAX2 mutations. Autopsy identified extrarenal abnormalities not detected by ultrasonography in eight cases but confirmed the absence of extrarenal defects in eight other cases. A positive family history of renal disease was not significantly more frequent in cases with an identified mutation. Moreover, in cases with an inherited mutation, there was a great phenotypic variability regarding the severity of the renal disease within a single family. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that mutations in genes involved in syndromic CAKUT with Mendelian inheritance are not rare in fetal cases with severe CAKUT appearing isolated at prenatal ultrasound, a finding of clinical importance because of genetic counseling.
Trickster on the Threshold: An Interpretation of Children's Autumn Traditions

boy was sitting with a guy. A girl was running round with a turnip lantern saying, 'Spare a penny for the Guy, mister? ' Is Hallowe'en now merging with Bonfire Night? ' The answer to that question apparently is yes, although whether this is a new development and whether children would agree that two really different things are 'merging' are additional questions that should be asked. Perhaps Hallowe'en and Guy Fawkes activities have always been connected, in the eyes of children, and the assigning of definite dates to one or the other kind of activities has resulted more from adults' rage for order than from the thoughts and practices of children. Indeed, some evidence already discussed elsewhere, and much more to follow in this essay, suggests that children perceive a single, more or less coherent season of events, rather than separate days of Hallowe'en (October 31) and Bonfire Night (November 5). 2 This may be the most important insight resulting from the questionnaire on autumn traditions administered to 649 Sheffield schoolchildren in the autumn of 1981.3 If it is true, it forces a reconsideration of the nature and function of two of the most universally pbserved events in the English folk calendar. Some evidence that children tend to merge the Hallowe'en and Guy Fawkes traditions has already appeared in the published work of other folklorists. Ernest W. Marwick, in writing about children in Kirkwall, Orkney, observes that there they solicit money and use turnip lanterns at any time during the seven or ten days preceding November 5.4 Similarly, the Opies report the use of Hallowe'en turnip lanterns on Mischief Night, November 4, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, and cite the Castleford boy who said that the faces on the turnip lanterns represent 'the men who plotted to blow up the Houses of Parliament. ' The Opies conclude that 'in some places Hallowe'en and Guy Fawkes celebrations have become entangled. ' But to call this a 'confusion' of traditions, as the Opies do, may be to force adults' taxonomy upon the perceptions of child participants, the true authorities on the matter.5 My earlier essays have offered abundant additional evidence that the Hallowe'en and Guy Fawkes traditions are indeed linked in the experience of those who participate in
Probing Extreme-density Matter with Gravitational-wave Observations of Binary Neutron Star Merger Remnants

We present a proof-of-concept study, based on numerical-relativity simulations, of how gravitational waves (GWs) from neutron star merger remnants can probe the nature of matter at extreme densities. Phase transitions and extra degrees of freedom can emerge at densities beyond those reached during the inspiral, and typically result in a softening of the equation of state (EOS). We show that such physical effects change the qualitative dynamics of the remnant evolution, but they are not identifiable as a signature in the GW frequency, with the exception of possible black hole formation effects. The EOS softening is, instead, encoded in the GW luminosity and phase and is in principle detectable up to distances of the order of several megaparsecs with advanced detectors and up to hundreds of megaparsecs with third-generation detectors. Probing extreme-density matter will require going beyond the current paradigm and developing a more holistic strategy for modeling and analyzing postmerger GW signals.
DEPRESION POSTPARTO REALIDAD EN EL SISTEMA PUBLICO DE ATENCION DE SALUD

La depresion postparto es un problema de salud publica con prevalencia que oscilan entre un 10 y 15% en la literatura mundial. Durante el puerperio existen cambios bioquimicos y estres que pueden desencadenar estos trastornos. No existen trabajos a nivel nacional que enfoquen este problema. Realizamos un estudio prospectivo a nivel de atencion primaria para evidenciar la real incidencia, y algunos factores de riesgo para esta condicion
Soft-core baryon-baryon one-boson-exchange models. II. Hyperon-nucleon potential.

The results of the Nijmegen soft-core potential model are presented for the low-energy YN interactions. The YN version of the model is obtained by a straightforward extension of the NN model through the application of SU(3). The potentials are due to the dominant parts of the \ensuremath{\pi}, \ensuremath{\eta}, \ensuremath{\eta}', \ensuremath{\rho}, \ensuremath{\omega}, \ensuremath{\varphi}, \ensuremath{\delta}, \ensuremath{\varepsilon}, and ${S}^{\mathrm{*}}$ Regge trajectories. This gives the traditional one-boson-exchange potentials. In addition to these, the J=0 contributions from the tensor f,f',${A}_{2}$ and Pomeron trajectories are included in the potentials. The latter give potentials of the Gaussian type. Also the form factors from Regge poles are Gaussian, which guarantees that the potentials have a soft behavior near the origin. The multichannel Schr\"odinger equation is solved in configuration space for the (partially) nonlocal potentials. We work on the particle basis and include the Coulomb interaction exactly.
ScN/sub x/ gate on atomic layer deposited HfO/sub 2/ and effect of high-pressure wet post deposition annealing

For nMOS devices with HfO/sub 2/, a metal gate with a very low workfunction is necessary. In this letter, the effective workfunction (/spl Phi//sub m,eff/) values of ScN/sub x/ gates on both SiO/sub 2/ and atomic layer deposited (ALD) HfO/sub 2/ are evaluated. The ScN/sub x//SiO/sub 2/ samples have a wide range of /spl Phi//sub m,eff/ values from /spl sim/ 3.9 to /spl sim/ 4.7 eV, and nMOS-compatible /spl Phi//sub m,eff/ values can be obtained. However, the ScN/sub x/ gates on conventional post deposition-annealed HfO/sub 2/ show a relatively narrow range of /spl Phi//sub m,eff/ values from /spl sim/ 4.5 to /spl sim/ 4.8 eV, and nMOS-compatible /spl Phi//sub m,eff/ values cannot be obtained due to the Fermi-level pinning (FLP) effect. Using high-pressure wet post deposition annealing, we could dramatically reduce the extrinsic FLP. The /spl Phi//sub m,eff/ value of /spl sim/ 4.2 eV was obtained for the ScN/sub x/ gate on the wet-treated HfO/sub 2/. Therefore, ScN/sub x/ metal gate is a good candidate for nMOS devices with ALD HfO/sub 2/.
Postural Control Deficits in Participants with Functional Ankle Instability as Measured by the Balance Error Scoring System

ObjectiveTo determine if postural control deficits are present in participants with functional ankle instability (FAI) as measured by the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). Design and SettingWe used a between-groups design to assess postural control. All testing was conducted in a university athletic training facility. ParticipantsSixty collegiate Division I athletes were included in this study. Thirty participants had functional ankle instability and thirty participants had no history of ankle injuries. Main Outcome MeasurementsPostural control was measured using the BESS. The BESS test battery requires participants to stand unsupported on two different surfaces (firm and foam) in three different stances (double, single, and in tandem). Each condition lasted 20 seconds. The number of errors were calculated for each individual condition and then summed to produce a total BESS score. ResultsWe found a significant group by condition interaction (F5,290=5.12, P<0.001) and significant main effects for group (F1,58=16.01, P<0.001) and condition (F5,290=228.88, P<0.001). Post hoc analyses revealed that subjects with functional ankle instability scored more errors (poorer balance) on the single stancefirm condition (2.9±2.1 versus 1.6±1.3 errors), tandem stancefoam condition (4.3±2.4 versus 2.7±1.6 errors), single stancefoam condition (7.0±1.6 versus 5.6±1.8 errors), and total BESS score (15.7±6.0 versus 10.7±3.2). ConclusionsPostural control deficits were identified in participants with functional ankle instability using the BESS. These deficits could be a contributing factor to the repeated episodes of instability and giving way that often occurs following an inversion ankle sprain. These results suggest the BESS, traditionally used for monitoring recovery from mild head injury, may also be useful in screening athletes for postural deficits following lower extremity injury.
National Esophageal Atresia Register

Abstract National Esophageal Atresia was created in 2008 by the National Reference Center for Esophageal Congenital Abnormalities created in 2006. Primary goal was estimation of live birth prevalence in France. A national network of surgeons and pediatricians was initiated and entire teams dealing with esophageal atresia accepted to participate in an exhaustive national register. A questionnaire was validated by a national committee and data were centralized in our center. Scientific exploitation showed that such database is useful for health authorities as for medical professionals. Live birth prevalence in France is at 1.9/10,000 births. Prenatal diagnosis is more common but its effect on prevalence is not yet fully understood. Associated congenital abnormalities are frequent and major malformations with termination of pregnancy can influence prevalence.
Selfing and brooding in Alinda biplicata (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Clausiliidae) – life history traits of a good coloniser

Alinda biplicata is capable of uniparental reproduction (selfing). The snails need 18 to 24 weeks to reach their ultimate size, and the first reproduction takes place 26 to 39 weeks after shell growth completion. Besides giving birth to juveniles, which is typical of A. biplicata (39% of litters), the uniparentally reproducing individuals laid egg batches (38%) as well as mixed batches (eggs and juveniles; 23%). Within a few days the eggs decomposed, and in mixed batches they were often consumed by the accompanying neonates. In the next season, 70% of the remaining 20 snails reproduced (all of which had reproduced in the previous season). In the first season the neonate:egg proportion was 54:46, in the second 74:26. The egg-laying should be regarded as an anomaly – getting rid of eggs which were not fertilised or in which embryos died at early cleavage stages. The combination of selfing and brooding may explain the wide distribution and wide range of habitats occupied by A. biplicata.
PKS0347+05: a radio-loud/radio-quiet double AGN system triggered in a major galaxy merger

We present optical, infrared and radio observations of the powerful FRII radio source PKS0347+05 (z=0.3390), and demonstrate that it is a rare example of a radio-loud/radio-quiet double AGN system, comprising a weak line radio galaxy (WLRG) separated by 25 kpc (in projection) from a Seyfert 1 nucleus at the same redshift. Our deep Gemini optical images show a highly disturbed morphology, with a warped dust lane crossing through the halo and nuclear regions of the radio galaxy host, tidal tails, and a bridge connecting the radio galaxy to the Seyfert 1 nucleus. Spectral synthesis modelling of our Gemini optical spectrum of the radio galaxy shows evidence for a reddened young stellar population of age <100 Myr. Further evidence for recent star formation activity in this source is provided by the detection of strong PAH features in mid-IR Spitzer/IRS spectra. Together, these observations support a model in which both AGN have been triggered simultaneously in a major galaxy merger. However, despite the presence of a powerful FRII radio source, and the apparently plentiful supply of fuel provided by the merger, the nucleus of the radio galaxy shows only weak, low ionization emission line activity. We speculate that the fuel supply to nuclear regions of the radio galaxy has recently switched off (within the last ~10^6 yr), but the information about the resulting decrease in nuclear AGN activity has yet to reach the extended lobes and hotspots of the FRII radio source. Based on this scenario, we estimate that powerful, intermediate redshift FRII radio sources have lifetimes of t\sim 5x10^6 yr. Overall, our observations emphasise that the fuelling of AGN activity in major galaxy mergers is likely to be highly intermittent.