Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Easing the strain on a pediatric tertiary care center: use of a redistribution system.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the ability of a regionalized system to safely transfer patients requiring admission from a referral center to either regional or community hospitals. DESIGN Cohort study of children requiring admission. Following transfer, a questionnaire was administered to eligible caregivers. Subsequent emergency department (ED) use was assessed by comparing children who were transferred with those who were not. SETTING The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, from April 1, 2003, through March 31, 2004. PARTICIPANTS Caregivers of 371 children who underwent transfer from a tertiary care center ED to either a regional or a community hospital were eligible; 344 were contacted. Two hundred fifty-three children for whom transfer was considered but was not performed served as a comparison group. Intervention Questionnaire administered to caregivers, combined with database review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Failure of the transfer process, caregiver satisfaction, and future tertiary care center ED use. RESULTS Five children experienced intravenous access problems, and 4 children experienced delayed antibiotic administration. Caregiver satisfaction was 92.3% with the transfer process and 84.4% with the care at the receiving hospital. Forty-seven percent of caregivers indicated that they would agree to a similar transfer in the future. Two years later, fewer transferred children (39.9%) than those who were not transferred (49.6%) had revisited the tertiary care center ED (odds ratio, 1.52; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-2.10). The mean number of visits was unchanged (95% confidence interval of the difference, -0.44 to 0.21 visits). CONCLUSIONS Although we found the redistribution program to be safe, caregivers stated a preference not to be transferred again. The redistribution system did not substantially alter tertiary care center ED use.
Predicting Language at 2 Years of Age: A Prospective Community Study

OBJECTIVE. This article responds to evidence gaps regarding language impairment identified by the US Preventive Services Task Force in 2006. We examine the contributions of putative child, family, and environmental risk factors to language outcomes at 24 months of age. METHODS. A community-ascertained sample of 1720 infants who were recruited at 8 months of age were followed at ages 12 and 24 months in a prospective, longitudinal study in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. Outcomes at 24 months were parent-reported infant communication (Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales and MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories vocabulary production score). Putative risk factors were gender, preterm birth, birth weight, multiple birth, birth order, socioeconomic status, maternal mental health, maternal vocabulary and education, maternal age at birth of child, non–English-speaking background, and family history of speech-language difficulties. Linear regression models were fitted to total standardized Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales and Communicative Development Inventories vocabulary production scores; a logistic regression model was fitted to late-talking status at 24 months. RESULTS. The regression models accounted for 4.3% and 7.0% of the variation in the 24-month Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales and Communicative Development Inventories scores, respectively. Male gender and family history were strongly associated with poorer outcomes on both instruments. Lower Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales scores were also associated with lower maternal vocabulary and older maternal age. Lower vocabulary production scores were associated with birth order and non–English-speaking background. When the 12-month Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Total score was added as a covariate in the linear regression of 24-month Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Total score, it was by far the strongest predictor. CONCLUSIONS. These early risk factors explained no more than 7% of the variation in language at 24 months. They seem unlikely to be helpful in screening for early language delay.
Friends or foes: social anxiety, peer affiliation, and drinking in middle school.

OBJECTIVE The relation between social anxiety and alcohol consumption suggests aspects of both risk and protection, but most research has focused on late adolescents and emerging adults. METHOD We investigated the synergistic impact of social anxiety, a need for affiliation with others, and perceived peer alcohol use on drinking in a sample of more than 1,500 early adolescents from southern California (48% girls). Via school-wide surveys, middle school students completed the Social Anxiety Scale for Children-Revised, a modified version of the Interpersonal Orientation Scale, as well as measures of perceived peer drinking and self-reported lifetime and current drinking. RESULTS For socially anxious youths, high levels of perceived peer use in conjunction with high levels of affiliation need was associated with greater alcohol use on average and more frequent episodic drinking. Specific to heavy episodic drinking, the interaction of social anxiety and perceived peer drinking seemed to affect girls and boys differentially. Sex differences emerged for the moderation of social anxiety's influence on drinking initiation by perceived peer influence. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that alcohol-related risks associated with social anxiety might be gender specific and more important in earlier stages of alcohol use than previously believed.
Comparative Genomic Hybridization in Central and Peripheral Nervous System Tumors of Childhood and Adolescence

Brain tumors amount to less than 2% of all malignant neoplasms. However, they account for approximately 20% of all childhood cancers and are the leading cause of cancer mortality among children. Recently, enormous progress has been achieved in the field of pediatric neuro-oncology regarding the classification of children's brain tumors, as well as the understanding of the genetic events involved in their pathogenesis; thus leading to an emerging role of molecular diagnostic approaches using novel tools. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a technique that has revolutionized cytogenetic knowledge in the past decade. It permits the detection of chromosomal copy number changes without the need for cell culturing and gives a global overview of chromosomal gains and losses throughout the whole genome of a tumor. A survey of CGH-related publications on central and peripheral nervous system tumors in the pediatric and adolescent population revealed 884 cases. The CNS tumor groups most frequently examined by CGH were embryonal tumors (268 cases/30.3%) and ependymomas (241/27.2%), followed by astrocytic (163/18.4%), peripheral nerve (73/8.2%), choroid plexus tumors (56/ 6.3%), and craniopharyngiomas (38/4.3%). The most common CNS tumor entities were medulloblastomas (238/26.9%), classic ependymomas (160/18.1%), anaplastic ependymomas (70/7.9%), pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (53/6.0%), and pilocytic astrocytomas (50/5.6%). This article provides a short review of the CGH technique and its pitfalls, summarizes the current CGH-related data on pediatric brain tumors and muses on the future of CGH.
Handedness and situs inversus in primary ciliary dyskinesia

The limbs on the right side are stronger. [The] cause may be . [that] . motion, and abilities of moving, are somewhat holpen from the liver, which lieth on the right side. (Sir Francis Bacon, Sylva sylvarum (1627). )Fifty per cent of people with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) (also known as immotile cilia syndrome or Siewert–Kartagener syndrome) have situs inversus, which is thought to result from absent nodal ciliary rotation and failure of normal symmetry breaking. In a study of 88 people with PCD, only 15.2% of 46 individuals with situs inversus, and 14.3% of 42 individuals with situs solitus, were left handed. Because cerebral lateralization is therefore still present, the nodal cilia cannot be the primary mechanism responsible for symmetry breaking in the vertebrate body. Intriguingly, one behavioural lateralization, wearing a wrist–watch on the right wrist, did correlate with situs inversus.
Exploring the Value of Business Analytics Solutions for SMEs

There is an increasing recognition of the need for organisations to make effective use of the information which is available to them, that sources of information have expanded hugely and that analytics offers organisations the possibility of insights which could not otherwise be obtained. Sophisticated analytics, however, have been seen as the preserve of large organisations but is this is, potentially, changing. In this paper we have explored the potential value of business analytics solutions in the specific case of smaller organisations and we have highlighted how such organisations may start to drive value from such analytic tools.
Synaptic Soluble and Membrane-Bound Choline Acetyltransferase as a Marker of Cholinergic Function In Vitro and In Vivo

The synaptosome is the presynaptic part of the nerve ending with, as a rulе, a postsynaptic membrane in the region of the junction of the preand postsynaptic membranes that remains with the presynapse during homogenization and centrifugation. The presynaptic part of the synaptosome is a membrane-bound structure with a preserved cytoplasm (synaptoplasm), synaptic vesicles, mitochondria and some other cellular components. The term synaptosome was adopted by V.P. Whittaker and coworkers [1]. Together, V.P. Whittaker and C.O. Hebb first isolated and identified nerve endings in nervous tissue [2].
Intermediate Filaments in Meningiomas

The presence of intermediate filaments (IF) (diameter 10 nm) is a characteristic electron microscopic finding in the cytoplasm of meningioma cells. To identify these IF, immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratins and vimentin and two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblot analysis were applied to a group of 16 meningiomas. Thirteen meningiomas were obtained directly from surgery and three came from an autopsy in which they were found in close proximity as discrete tumor masses. Except for the angioblastic type, all major histological variants were represented (nine transitional, four syncytial, and three fibroblastic). None of the meningiomas stained for epithelial or internal organ cytokeratins. With monoclonal antibodies, each of the meningiomas stained positively for vimentin. Two-D gels revealed vimentin and vimentin breakdown products as the only IF present; these findings were verified by immunoblots. The study concludes that vimentin is the IF present in fibroblastic, syncytial, and transitional meningiomas.
Coping responses in patients with spinal cord injury and adjustment difficulties

Injury to the spinal cord causes significant losses in the physical, psychological, social and occupational areas of a person’s life. In order for the person with spinal cord Ž . injury SCI to regain functional independence, intensive rehabilitation is usually prescribed as early as possible. However, the period of rehabilitation coincides with a critical time in the person’s life when the physical loss and psychological disruptions caused by the injury are overwhelming. Moreover, clinical observations suggest that the coping responses which patients with SCI use to adjust to their disability are often a barrier to the acquisition of new skills and competencies. As a result, many of the opportunities presented to these patients during rehabilitation and the resources made available to them during this critical period of time cannot be utilized. The aim of the study is to examine the coping responses of patients with SCI and adjustment difficulties from a contemporary, multidimensional perspective. Contemporary theories consider the multidimensional aspects of coping processes, and classify coping responses into two approaches. One approach emphasizes the Ž orientation of coping problem-focused or emotion. focused , whereas the other emphasizes the method of Ž . Ž coping cognitive or behavioural Billings and Moos, 1981, 1984; Lazarus and Folkman, 1984; Folkman and . Lazarus, 1985; Roth and Cohen, 1986; Moos, 1993 . This conceptual approach is reflected in the Coping ResponŽ . ses Inventory Adult Moos, 1993 .
Pre‐ and postsynaptic contributions to age‐related alterations in corticostriatal synaptic plasticity

Aging creates deficits in motor performance related to changes in striatal processing of cortical information. This study describes age‐related changes in corticostriatal snaptic plasticity and associated mechanisms, which may contribute to declines in motor behavior. Intracellular recordings revealed an age‐related decrease in the expression of paired‐pulse, posttetanic, and long‐term potentiation (LTP). The age‐related difference in LTP was associated with reduced sensitivity to block of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the aged population. These age‐related changes could not be explained by increased L‐type Ca2+channel activity, since block of L‐type Ca2+ channels with nifedipine increased rather than decreased the age‐related difference in long‐term plasticity. Age‐related increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulation were also ruled out, since application of H2O2 produced changes in synaptic function that were opposite to trends seen in aging, and addition of the antioxidant Trolox‐C had a larger effect on long‐term plasticity in young rats than in older rats. A robust age‐related difference in long‐term synaptic plasticity was found by studying synaptic plasticity following the blocking of D2 receptors with l‐sulpiride, which may involve age‐difference in NMDA receptor function. l‐sulpiride consistently enabled a slow development of LTP at young (but not aged) corticostriatal synapses. However, No age differences were found in the sensitivity to the addition of the D2 receptor agonist quinpirole. These findings provide evidence for age‐induced changes in the release properties of cortical terminals and in the functioning of postsynaptic striatal NMDA receptors, which may contribute to age‐related deficits in striatum control of movement. Synapse 60:223–238, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exploratory study of the feasibility and utility of the colored eco‐genetic relationship map (CEGRM) in women at high genetic risk of developing breast cancer

We report here the results of an exploratory feasibility study of the colored eco‐genetic relationship map (CEGRM), a novel, recently‐developed psychosocial assessment tool, which incorporates features of the genetic pedigree, family systems genogram, and ecomap. The CEGRM presents a simple, concise, visual representation of the social interaction domains of information, services, and emotional support through the application of color‐coded symbols to the genetic pedigree. The interactive process of completing the CEGRM was designed to facilitate contemporary genetic counseling goals of: (a) understanding the client in the context of her/his social milieu; (b) bolstering client self‐awareness and insight; (c) fostering active client participation and mutuality in the counseling interaction; (d) eliciting illuminating social narratives; and (e) addressing outstanding emotional issues. Twenty women participating in a breast imaging study of women from families with BRCA1/2 mutations completed and evaluated various aspects of the CEGRM. We found that efficient construction of the CEGRM was feasible, and that compliance was excellent. Participants developed insights into their social milieu through observing the visual pattern of relationships illustrated by the CEGRM. The process of co‐constructing the CEGRM fostered the participant's active involvement in the session, marked by mutuality and increased empathy. In this clinical research context, the participants felt free to share poignant stories about their friends and families. Further studies are planned to refine the CEGRM and to examine its utility in cancer genetics research. Published 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High performance and memory efficient implementation of matrix multiplication on FPGAs

We present a high performance and memory efficient hardware implementation of matrix multiplication for dense matrices of any size on the FPGA devices. By applying a series of transformations and optimizations on the original serial algorithm, we can obtain an I/O and memory optimized block algorithm for matrix multiplication on FPGAs. A linear array of processing elements (PEs) is proposed to implement this block algorithm. We show significant reduction in hardware resources consuming compared to the related work while increasing clock frequency. Moreover, the memory requirement can be reduced to O(S) from O(S2), where S is the block size. Therefore, more PEs can be integrated into the same FPGA devices.
Evidence for Substantial Variations of Atmospheric Hydroxyl Radicals in the Past Two Decades

The hydroxyl radical (OH) is the dominant oxidizing chemical in the atmosphere. It destroys most air pollutants and many gases involved in ozone depletion and the greenhouse effect. Global measurements of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (CH3CCl3, methyl chloroform) provide an accurate method for determining the global and hemispheric behavior of OH. Measurements show that CH3CCl3 levels rose steadily from 1978 to reach a maximum in 1992 and then decreased rapidly to levels in 2000 that were lower than the levels when measurements began in 1978. Analysis of these observations shows that global OH levels were growing between 1978 and 1988, but the growth rate was decreasing at a rate of 0.23 ± 0.18% year−2, so that OH levels began declining after 1988. Overall, the global average OH trend between 1978 and 2000 was −0.64 ± 0.60% year−1. These variations imply important and unexpected gaps in current understanding of the capability of the atmosphere to cleanse itself.
Realization of Large Dielectric Resonator Antenna ESPAR

A large array of dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is designed in $X$ -band based on electrically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) concept. This large array consists of 240 perforated DRAs, which are uniformly excited by a parallel-series feeding network. By employing the perforation technique, the need for aligning and bonding individual DRA is eliminated. The subarrays are placed in an interleaved arrangement to suppress the grating lobes. To best explore the differences and advantages of our approach, the proposed ESPAR is compared with the beam steerable reflectarray antenna and traditional phased array antenna. The present large ESPAR can incredibly reduce the number of phase shifter by 80% in comparison with the conventional phased array, which makes it inexpensive. A prototype is fabricated, which achieves a maximum boresight realized a gain of 22.4 dBi. The agreement between measured and simulated results is very good.
Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Hospitalized Malarial Patients: An Agra-Based Study.

OBJECTIVE The clinical presentations and laboratory profile of malaria has been changing over the years. Therefore this study was undertaken to study the clinical profile and laboratory parameters of malarial patients. METHODS This prospective observational study was undertaken in military hospital with high prevalence of malaria. A total of 320 patients were studied. All patients tested positive by peripheral blood smear or rapid diagnostic test were included. Clinical presentations, hematological and biochemical parameters were noted. RESULTS Of the total 320 patients, 249 had P vivax, 43 had P falciparum and 28 had mixed malaria.79% patients were male. Maximum (51.56%) patients were in 21-30 age group. The mean duration of symptoms was 2.54 days in vivax to 3.03 days in mixed malaria. Fever was observed in 97.8% of patients of vivax. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 99% of all patients. Splenomegaly was noticed in 24.84% patients of vivax and 34.5% of falciparum malaria. Herpes labialis was observed in 23.64% patients of vivax and 5.94% had urticaria. CONCLUSIONS High index of suspicion should be maintained in picking up the diagnosis. Any patient with thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, headache, herpes labialis, pain epigastrium and urticaria deserves exclusion of malaria.
The Examination of Emotion Dysregulation as a Moderator of Depression and HIV-Relevant Outcome Relations Among an HIV+Sample

The present study examined whether emotion dysregulation moderated the relations between depressive symptoms and HIV symptoms, HIV medication adherence due to medication side effects, avoidant coping, and distress tolerance among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). Participants included 115 PLHA (16.8% female; Mage = 49.70, SD = 8.57). Results indicated that there was a significant interaction between depressive symptoms and emotion dysregulation in relation to HIV symptoms, HIV medication adherence due to medication side effects, avoidant coping, and distress tolerance. The form of the interaction indicated that PLHA experiencing higher depressive symptoms and higher levels of emotion dysregulation reported the highest levels of HIV symptoms and lowest levels of distress tolerance. Additionally, results indicated that at lower levels of depressive symptoms, very high levels of emotion dysregulation predicted higher rates of medication nonadherence, whereas at higher levels of depressive symptoms, very high levels of emotion dysregulation predicted the lowest rates of medication nonadherence. Moreover, those experiencing lower levels of depressive symptoms and higher levels of emotion dysregulation reported the greatest rates of avoidant coping. In total, the present results suggest a complex interplay between emotion dysregulation and depressive symptoms with regard to HIV symptoms, medication nonadherence, and self-regulatory processes (e.g., avoidant coping, distress tolerance) among PLHA.
Significance of Cervical Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Postabortal Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the cervix uteri and its possible association with postabortal pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) were investigated in women subjected to first-trimester-induced abortion. None of the women had signs or symptoms of genital infection at the time of abortion. Chlamydia organisms were isolated from the cervix/urethra in 33 (10%) of 333 women. Women with a positive Chlamydia culture were comparable to women with a negative culture in regard to gestational age at the time of abortion. However, Chlamydia-positive women were significantly younger and had had gonorrhea more often than Chlamydia-negative women. Two hundred seventy (81%) of the women were followed up 1 month after the abortion. Thirty-two of these developed postabortal PID. Eight (28%) of 29 women with a positive Chlamydia culture and 24 (10%) of 241 women with a negative culture developed postabortal PID. This difference is significant (P<.025) and indicates that the presence of Chlamydia in the cervical canal at the time of abortion in asymptomatic women increases the risk of postabortal PID.