Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
11-EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MATING.cdr

Papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink 1992 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is native to Mexico. Afterwards, it distributed to the Caribbean in 1994 (Walker et al., 2006) and Florida, USA in 1998 (Walker et al., 2006). In 2002, it was reported in the Pacific region from Guam (Meyerdirk et al., 2004), Palau in 2003 (Muniappan et al., 2006) and from the Island of Maui, Hawaii in 2004 (Heu et al., 2007). Within short duration, papaya mealybug was found in many Asian countries including India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, China and others (Hettiarachchi, 2009; Hettiarachchi and Silva, 2009; Muniappan et al., 2009, 2011; Chen et al., 2011; Mastoi et al., 2011; Shylesha et al., 2011; Meyerdirk et al., 2004). Papaya mealybug is a small, yellowish polyphagous insect pest (Ben-Dov et al., 2015). Among host plants, papaya mealybug caused very serious damage to papaya, Carica papaya in many countries of the world (Helemul, 2013). It caused damage to papaya by sucking the cell sap from plant tissues using its piercing and sucking mouth parts (Sharma, 2013). Due to heavy infestation of mealybug, leaf become yellow, curl and fall off, deformation of buds, and falling of unripened fruits (Tanwar et al., 2010; Suganthy et al., 2012; Kirsur et al., 2014; Ben-Dov et al., 2015). Papaya mealybug also excrete honeydew which promote the development of sooty mold, which cover the essential plant parts (Leaf, Stem, Fruit) impeding photosynthesis. This resulted in chlorosis, leaf deformation, and dropping of leaves along with development of thick white wax on fruits, stems and leaves that become inedible (Muniappan, 2011). Papaya mealybug reproduces bisexually as clusters of cotton-like masses on the above-ground portion of plants (Tanwar, 2010). Recent invasion of papaya mealybug in Pakistan, create serious concern for papaya and other fruit crops. Therefore, it has become impetuous to understand the biology of this pest under local environment. Accordingly, this laboratory study was carried out to understand the effect of various mating ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFORMATION
The Establishment and Development of a Marine Epifaunal Community

Because of the nature of their substratum, the sessile invertebrate species of the marine epifaunal community living on rocks occur in discrete patterns of distribution. The rocks are finite patches or habitat islands with a limited space for colonization and growth. Such a system is ideal for studying the parameters affecting the distribution of species within a community. Also, because of the small size and immobility of the adults, the system is also ideal for studying the pattern of change in species composition and diversity within a community. This study used multiple series of manipulated experimental plates, which both duplicated natural rock surfaces and could be compared with samples of the rocks, to investigate the developmental and distributional processes of this community. Five major factors were found to be important to both the development of the community and its distribution on the rocks: (1) the selectivity of the metamorphosing larvae as to site of attachment; (2) the seasonal fluctuat.
Phenotypic and genotypic identification of ticks sampled from wildlife species in selected conservation sites of Kenya.

Hard ticks are blood feeding ectoparasites that infest humans and animals and are vectors of pathogenic microorganism that cause severe infectious diseases. Morphological identification has been the main approach of identifying ticks but the technique is considered inaccurate and difficult. Molecular techniques have recently been considered to be appropriate approaches for accurate and rapid identification and Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS 2) has been shown to differentiate genus of hard ticks. Currently, genetic identification of ticks using ITS 2 has not been carried out in Kenya. In this study, 80 tick samples were collected from Lake Nakuru and Tsavo National Parks and were identified morphologically using appropriate identification keys. DNA was extracted from the appendages using DNA extraction kit followed by partial amplification of ITS 2 gene. The PCR products were then analyzed by gel electrophoresis and positive PCR products were sequenced. Of the tick samples four genera were identified morphologically; Amblyomma, Hyalomma, Rhipicephalus and Dermacentor. Of the tick samples identified and compared with the sequences in the GenBank, six and seven samples showed 98-100% homology with A. variegatum and R. pulchellus respectively and they clustered in their respective monophyletic group in the phylogeny tree with a bootstrap of 99%. Two samples showed 92% homology with H. dromedarii and the study sequences clustered with the reference sequence with a bootstrap of 99% while six samples showed 95% homology with H. marginatum rufipes, however, only four of these samples clustered together with the reference sequence in the phylogeny with a bootstrap of 95%. One sample showed 91% homology with A. humerali and did not cluster together in the phylogeny tree. Congruency between both techniques was high with a correlation coefficient of 0.941. This is the first report of phenotypic and genotypic traits of tick species in Kenya and the findings will add value to the existing knowledge in identification of ticks.
SEEDS for success: Lifestyle management in migraine

Primary care physicians can help their patients with migraine modify their triggers, and thereby mitigate the severity and frequency of their symptoms, by offering lifestyle modification counseling based on the mnemonic SEEDS (sleep, exercise, eat, diary, and stress). The authors review evidence associated with each of these factors and provide best-practice recommendations. Lifestyle counseling can be based on the mnemonic SEEDS: sleep, exercise, eat, diary, and stress.
Comparison of outcomes of palisade cartilage with temporalis fascia following tympanoplasty at a tertiary care centre in Nepal

Background: Mucosal type of chronic otitis media is a common disease worldwide with 5.2% prevalence in Nepal. Cartilage material is criticized in terms of hearing results due to its thickness. The objective of this study was to compare graft uptake and post-operative hearing of palisade cartilage with temporalis fascia following tympanoplasty. Methods: A prospective randomized study conducted over 12 months included subjects of chronic otitis media mucosal inactive having dry ear for at least 4 weeks. 76 subjects were enrolled and reviewed on 6 th post-operative day, 6 th and 12 th post-operative week. The graft uptake and post-operative hearing were evaluated. The results were compared within and between the groups. Results: The graft uptake on 42 nd and 90 th post-operative days were comparable with no statistical difference. The difference of mean pre-operative, 42 nd and 90 th post-operative air bone gaps in palisade cartilage and temporalis fascia were also comparable. The results were statistically significant, showing improvement in hearing after surgery. Closure of air-bone gap within 30 dB was achieved in 71.87% in temporalis fascia and 88.89% in palisade cartilage. The intergroup difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: The graft uptake rates and hearing results after palisade cartilage are similar to temporalis fascia.
Pomembnost ugotavljanja pravilnih vzrokov za nastanek podjetniške krize

Analiza pravilnih vzrokov za nastalo krizo ali resne težave v poslovanju je izjemno pomembna, saj se z njo identificirajo tista področja, katerih učinke je treba omejiti ali odpraviti. Ukvarjanje z napačnimi vzroki pomeni nadaljnjo nekoristno izgubo časa, denarja in naporov, kar krizni položaj le še zaostri. Čeprav na krizno stanje v podjetju lahko vplivajo številni medsebojno prepleteni zunanji in notranji vzroki, so v ospredju tisti, ki so povezani z managementom oziroma njegovimi napakami, te pa se delijo v tri velike skupine, ki prevladujejo po posameznih obdobjih. V empiričnem delu prispevka so bile na primeru 107 domačih podjetij proučene in potrjene tri zastavljene hipoteze. Težave podjetij niso nastale samo zaradi globalne krize, temveč obstajajo tudi notranji vzroki, predvsem opustitev managementa. Ključne besede: kriza, notranji vzroki, napake managementa, globalna kriza
Perceptions of stakeholders regarding wilderness and best management practices in an Alaska recreation area

This article focuses on the collaborative and voluntary Wilderness Best Management Practices (WBMP) for managing recreation in Tracy Arm-Fords Terror Wilderness in Alaska. Stakeholder definitions of wilderness, opinions about the WBMP, and whether these opinions are reflective of their perceptions of wilderness are examined. Interviews with tour operators, agency personnel, cruise industry representatives, and local residents showed that most expressed some degree of purism in their definitions of wilderness (e.g. solitude and minimal impact), although cruise representatives had less purist definitions. With the exception of cruise representatives, most felt that the wilderness character of this area is threatened by vessel traffic. Most supported the WBMP as alternatives to regulations because they allowed for freedom and input, but many felt that these practices may be unable to address future impacts. A few small and more purist operators felt that if the wilderness characteristics were threatened, they might support regulations. Others, however, displayed a type of cognitive dissonance by expressing concern over threats to this wilderness, yet rejecting regulations that may be needed for protecting the wilderness experiences they value the most.
Factorised Steady States in Mass Transport Models

We study a class of mass transport models where mass is transported in a preferred direction around a one-dimensional periodic lattice and is globally conserved. The model encompasses both discrete and continuous masses and parallel and random sequential dynamics and includes models such as the zero-range process and asymmetric random average process as special cases. We derive a necessary and sufficient condition for the steady state to factorize, which takes a rather simple form.
Corpus-size Quantification for Computational Morphological Analysis of Igbo Language

Data-driven approaches to morphology learning have gained popularity over rule-based approaches. This development favours languages with rich electronic linguistic resources because that is a major pre-requisite for data-driven models. However, due to lack of abundant electronic texts in Igbo, and other resource-scarce languages hardly benefit from data-driven approaches In this study, we seek to quantify the actual corpus size required for morphology induction using a modest Igbo corpus. The impetus for this study being that morphological analysis may not require as much words as would other levels of linguistic analysis. We used Word Labels (WL) which is a representation of individual words in the corpus using Cs for consonants and Vs for vowels. This approach helped to compress the corpus from 29191 words to 2292 unique WLs out of which were found 81 unique Igbo Morphological Structures (MS). This implies ample morphological information in the modest corpus. The unique MS found in new sets of 1000 words approached the zero mark with 6000 words, indicating the neighbourhood of exhaustion of Igbo morphology. This study shows that electronic corpora scarcity does not constrain computational morphology studies as it would other levels of linguistic analysis.
Metaphors as blueprints of thinking about teaching and learning

This study analyses the metaphorical conceptions of learning based on the reflections of 50 experienced teachers in an evening course on instructional psychology. The metaphors were achieved by collaboration in small groups. ‘‘Coreflection’’ of group members was well suited to promote metaphorical reconstructions of teachers’ tacit theories about learning. The results show that the majority of these teachers shares traditional metaphors depicting teaching and learning as transmission of knowledge, followed by a smaller group of teachers expressing constructivist metaphors. Only a minority seems to conceive of teaching and learning as a social process. These results are compared with metaphors formulated by 38 prospective teachers without classroom experience participating in a course on curriculum design. In further collaborations these metaphors should serve as stepping stones to broader and more profound conceptions of the nature of teaching and learning. r 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Phrase-Guided Attention Web Article Recommendation for Next Clicks and Views

As deep learning models are getting popular, upgrading the retrieval-based content recommendation system to the learning-based system is highly demanded. However, efficiency is a critical issue. For article recommendation, an effective neural network which generates a good representation of the article content could prove useful. Hence, we propose PGA-Recommender, a phrase-guided article recommendation model which mimics the process of human behavior - first browsing, then guided by key phrases, and finally aggregating the gleaned information. As this can be performed independently offline, it is thus compatible with current commercial retrieval-based (keyword-based) article recommender systems. A total of six months of real logs - from Apr 2017 to Sep 2017 - were used for experiments. Results show that PGA-Recommender outperforms different state-of-the-art schemes including session-, collaborative filter-, and content-based recommendation models. Moreover, it suggests a diverse mix of articles while maintaining superior performance in terms of both click and view predictions. The results of A/B tests show that simply using the backward version of PGA-Recommender yields 40% greater click-through rates as compared to the retrieval-based system when deployed to a language of which we have zero knowledge.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Inflammation-Mediated Cardiac Injury

Experimental evidence is accumulating implicating a major role for inflammatory activation in chronic heart failure. Levels of pro-inflammatory protein mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a pro inflammatory cytokine, have been shown to be elevated in heart failure patients and appear to be directly related to pathological changes in the myocardium. Unfortunately, outcomes from clinical trials using anti-cytokine therapies to chronic heart failure patients have been largely disappointing. TNF-α is a pleiotropic cytokine, impacting tissues in a complex manner that regulates many physiological and pathological processes that can trigger differentiation, inflammation, and cell death. TNF-α is important in initiating and regulating the cytokine cascade during an inflammatory response. Most of the studies focused on the TNF-α as an immune mediator but its function in cardiac cells is not well defined. This review focuses on the role of TNF-α in acute and/or chronic cardiac conditions. We will discuss the problem with the current anti-cytokine therapies and potential problems underlying their lack of success so far.
OTT_A_198802 5153..5162

Junxue Tu Jingjing Chen Meimei He Hongfei Tong Haibin Liu Bin Zhou Yi Liao Zhaohong Wang 1Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People’s Republic of China Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of death among cancers worldwide. In this study, we aimed to identify the molecular target genes and detect the key mechanisms of HCC. Three gene expression profiles (GSE84006, GSE14323, GSE14811) and two miRNA expression profiles (GSE40744, GSE36915) were analyzed to determine the molecular target genes, microRNAs (miRNAs) and the potential molecular mechanisms in HCC. Methods: All profiles were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The identification of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was analyzed by the GEO2R method. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis performed database for Integrated Discovery, Visualization and Annotation. The miRNA-gene network and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network were correlated by the Cytoscape software. The key target genes were identified by the CytoHubba plugin, Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plugin and miRNA-gene network. The identified hub genes were testified for survival curve using the Kaplan–Meier plotter database. Results: Expression profiles had 592 overlapped DEGs. The majority of the DEGs were enriched in membrane-bounded organelles and intracellular membrane-bounded organelles. These DEGs were significantly enriched in metabolic, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and thyroid cancer pathways. PPI network analysis showed these genes were mostly involved in the pathogenic Escherichia coli infection and the regulation of actin cytoskeleton pathways. Combining these results, we identified 10 key genes involving in the progression of HCC. Finally, PLK1, PRCC, PRPF4 and PSMA7 exhibited higher expression levels in HCC patients with poor prognosis than those for lower expression via Kaplan–Meier plotter database. Conclusion: PLK1, PRCC, PRPF4 and PSMA7 could be potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for HCC. Meanwhile, the metabolic pathway, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and the thyroid cancer pathway may play vital roles in the progression of HCC.
Immigrants-Natives Complementarities in Production. Evidence from Italy

This paper studies the impact of immigration on the Italian labor market using administrative data on Italian private-sector employees during the period 1987-2004. The analysis adopts a structural model based on a three level CES production function extending the model in Card (2001) in order to allow for imperfect substitution both between immigrants and natives within the same area-skill cell, and between females and males within the same area-skill-immigration status cell. The endogeneity of labor supply is controlled for by using an instrument based on the past immigrants' settlement as in Card (2001). The results, robust to the offsetting role of natives out-migration, provide evidence of a small but detectable degree of imperfect substitution between immigrants and natives, whereas female and male workers turn out to be perfect substitutes. Despite immigrants not having any effect on natives' employment, the simulation based on the estimated parameters suggests that a flow of low-skilled immigrants reduces mostly the wages of similarly skilled immigrants (-3.5%), and to a lesser extent those of natives (-1%).
Impact of bisphosphonates on the proliferation and gene expression of human fibroblasts

The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of fibroblasts in bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ), evaluating the effect of zoledronate, alendronate, and ibandronate on the proliferation of fibroblasts and on their expression of genes essential for fibroblast physiology. Human CCD-1064Sk epithelial fibroblast cells were incubated in culture medium with 10-5, 10-7, or 10-9 M zoledronate, alendronate, or ibandronate. The proliferative capacity of fibroblasts was determined by spectrophotometry (MTT) at 24 of culture. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to study the effects of BPs at a dose of 10-9 M on the expression of FGF, CTGF, TGF-β1, TGFβR1, TGFβR2, TGFβR3, DDR2, α-actin, fibronectin, decorin, and elastin. Fibroblasts proliferation was significantly increased at the lowest dose (10-9M) of each BP but was not affected at the higher doses (10-5 and 10-7M). The proliferation increase may be related to the rise in TGF-β1 and TGFβR1 expression detected after the treatment of cells with 10-9M of zoledronate, alendronate, or ibandronate. However, the expression of CTGF, DDR2, α-actin, fibronectin, and decorin decreased versus controls. The results of this in vitro study indicate that a very low BP dose (10-9 M) can significantly affect the physiology of fibroblasts, increasing their proliferative capacity and modulating the expression of multiple genes involved in their growth and differentiation.
Geolocation with Attention-Based Multitask Learning Models

Geolocation, predicting the location of a post based on text and other information, has a huge potential for several social media applications. Typically, the problem is modeled as either multi-class classification or regression. In the first case, the classes are geographic areas previously identified; in the second, the models directly predict geographic coordinates. The former requires discretization of the coordinates, but yields better performance. The latter is potentially more precise and true to the nature of the problem, but often results in worse performance. We propose to combine the two approaches in an attentionbased multitask convolutional neural network that jointly predicts both discrete locations and continuous geographic coordinates. We evaluate the multi-task (MTL) model against singletask models and prior work. We find that MTL significantly improves performance, reporting large gains on one data set, but also note that the correlation between labels and coordinates has a marked impact on the effectiveness of including a regression task.
Technical efficiency and productivity differentials of dairy farms in three EU countries: the role of CAP subsidies

The impact of EU agricultural support policies on farms’ economic performance is an interesting issue for policy makers. The objective of this paper is to investigate technical efficiency and technical efficiency change of specialized German, Dutch and Swedish dairy farms and to compare their relative productivity. Three subsidy-related variables are introduced to reflect the wealth and insurance effect and the coupling effect of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) subsidies. Our results imply that a higher degree of coupling in farm support negatively affects farm efficiency, and the motivation of farmers to work efficiently is lower when they depend to a higher degree on subsidies as a source of income. Our study indicates that the composition of subsidies has a much smaller effect on efficiency than does the composition of total farm income. Relative productivity scores show that German and Swedish dairy farms have potential for improvement in productivity, compared to the production technology in the etherlands. In conclusion, it is questionable whether farm income support of CAP since the 1992 CAP reform is suitable to achieve its goal to increase farmers’ overall competitiveness by improving their efficiency.
Smooth Minimum Distance Estimation and Testing in Conditional Moment Restrictions Models: Uniform in Bandwidth Theory

We propose a new estimation method for models defined by conditional moment restrictions,that minimizes a distance criterion based on kernel smoothing. Whether the bandwidth parameter is fixed or decreases to zero with the sample size, our approach defines a whole class of estimators. We develop a theory that focuses on uniformity in bandwidth. We establish a pn-asymptotic representation of our estimator as a process depending on the bandwidth within a wide range including fixed bandwidths and that applies to misspecified models. We also study an efficient version of our estimator. We develop inference procedures based on a distance metric statistic for testing restrictions on parameters and we propose a new bootstrap technique. Our new methods apply to non-smooth problems, are simple to implement, and perform well in small samples.