Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long-term hydropower scheduling based on deterministic nonlinear optimization and annual inflow forecasting models

This paper proposes an operational policy for long-term hydropower scheduling based on deterministic nonlinear optimization and annual inflow forecasting models using an open-loop feedback control framework. The optimization model precisely represents hydropower generation by taking into consideration water head as a nonlinear function of storage, discharge and spillage. The inflow is made available by a forecasting model based on a fuzzy inference system that captures the nonlinear correlation of consecutive inflows on an annual basis, then disaggregating it on a monthly basis. In order to focus on the ability of the approach to handle the stochastic nature of the problem, a case study with a single-reservoir system is considered. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated by simulation over the historical inflow records and compared to that of the stochastic dynamic programming approach. The results show that the proposed approach leads to a better operational performance of the plant, providing lower spillages and higher average hydropower efficiency and generation.
Retirement, life satisfaction, and leisure services: the pet connection.

This study explored pets' influence on the life satisfaction of recent and long-term retirees. More specifically, the study examined satisfaction with life, satisfaction with level of personal safety, freedom to travel, satisfaction with level of income, satisfaction with level of exercise, satisfaction with health, and perceived health among pet owners and nonpet owners. Findings indicated that life satisfaction decreased significantly from recent to long-term retirement. However, when accounting for pet ownership, a significant decrease in only one of the specific contributors (satisfaction with level of income) was found for pet owners, whereas four contributors (satisfaction with level of personal safety, freedom to travel, satisfaction with health, and perceived health) declined for non pet owners. With the rapidly increasing population of retirees and the obligation ofleisure professionals to serve them, the study introduces an area of interest for many retirees that has not been tapped. Suggestions are offered for recreation programming involving pets in the homes of retirees.
Designs and analysis of non-volatile memory cells for single event upset (SEU) tolerance

This paper proposes a comprehensive approach to the designs of low-power non-volatile (NV) memory cells and for attaining Single Event Upset (SEU) tolerance. Three low-power hardened NVSRAM cell designs are proposed; these designs increase the critical charge and decrease power consumption by providing a positive (virtual) ground level voltage. Simulation of these cells shows that their operation has a very high SEU tolerance, the charges in the nodes of the circuits for non-volatile storage and gate leakage current reduction have very high values, thus ensuring that a SEU will highly unlike affect the correct functions. A SER analysis of these cells is also pursued. An extensive evaluation and comparison of different schemes are presented.
The Indian IPO Market: Empirical Facts

This article studies India's vibrant IPO market, via a dataset of the 2056 IPOs which took place in the last 4.5 years. We study the overall underpricing, the delay between issue date and listing date, the time- series of monthly volume of IPO issues and average underpricing in a given month, the cross-section of underpricing across companies, the post-listing trading frequency, the long-run returns to new listings, and price discovery by the market shortly after first listing.
Neuropeptide Y Attenuates Stress‐Induced Bone Loss Through Suppression of Noradrenaline Circuits

Chronic stress and depression have adverse consequences on many organ systems, including the skeleton, but the mechanisms underlying stress‐induced bone loss remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that neuropeptide Y (NPY), centrally and peripherally, plays a critical role in protecting against stress‐induced bone loss. Mice lacking the anxiolytic factor NPY exhibit more anxious behavior and elevated corticosterone levels. Additionally, following a 6‐week restraint, or cold‐stress protocol, Npy‐null mice exhibit three‐fold greater bone loss compared to wild‐type mice, owing to suppression of osteoblast activity. This stress‐protective NPY pathway acts specifically through Y2 receptors. Centrally, Y2 receptors suppress corticotropin‐releasing factor expression and inhibit activation of noradrenergic neurons in the paraventricular nucleus. In the periphery, they act to control noradrenaline release from sympathetic neurons. Specific deletion of arcuate Y2 receptors recapitulates the Npy‐null stress response, coincident with elevated serum noradrenaline. Importantly, specific reintroduction of NPY solely in noradrenergic neurons of otherwise Npy‐null mice blocks the increase in circulating noradrenaline and the stress‐induced bone loss. Thus, NPY protects against excessive stress‐induced bone loss, through Y2 receptor‐mediated modulation of central and peripheral noradrenergic neurons. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
A Proposed Model of the Effects of IT Diffusion on Organizational Absorptive Capacity and CRM Innovation Success

Business to customer (B2C) e-business has opened many new opportunities for business organizations. In response to studies that underscore the importance of maintaining strong and learning relationship between the organization and customer, many have turned to customer relationship management (CRM) to manage their interactions with their external entities, particularly customers. Although IT enables CRM, other organizational factors, such as organizational absorptive capacity’s effect on innovativeness, may have greater impact on its ability to continually satisfy its customers’ needs (i.e., innovate). However, IT may be a critical element to absorptive capacity. This study examines the relationship between IT diffusion, organizational absorptive capacity and innovation, and proposes a research model.
The impact of LOC structures on 670-nm (Al)GaInP high-power lasers

We investigate the potential of large optical cavity (LOC)-laser structures for AlGaInP high-power lasers. For that we study large series of broad area lasers with varying waveguide widths to obtain statistically relevant data. We study in detail I/sub th/, /spl alpha//sub i/, /spl eta//sub i/, and P/sub max/, and analyze above-threshold behavior including temperature stability and leakage current. We got as expected for LOC structures minimal /spl alpha//sub i//spl les/1 cm/sup -1/ resulting in /spl eta//sup d/=1.1 W/A for 64/spl times/2000 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ uncoated devices. We obtain total output powers /spl ges/3.2 W (qCW) and /spl ges/1.5 W (CW) at 20/spl deg/C.
Idiosyncratic Volatility Matters for the Cross-Section of Returns— in More Ways Than One!

This article re-examines the relationship between idiosyncratic volatility and the cross-section of stock returns. Previous studies, using total realized returns as proxies for expected returns, have found ambiguous and conflicting relationships between expected idiosyncratic volatility and expected returns. We decompose idiosyncratic volatility into expected and unexpected idiosyncratic volatility, and use unexpected idiosyncratic volatility to control for unexpected returns so that the relationship between expected returns and expected idiosyncratic volatility can be observed with more clarity. We find expected idiosyncratic volatility to be significantly and positively related to expected returns. In addition, we find evidence suggesting that unexpected idiosyncratic volatility is positively related to unexpected returns and that this relationship is consistent with the option effect proposed by Merton (1974). JEL classification: G10, G11, G12
Do Investors Herd Intraday in the Australian Equities Market?

Herding among investors is a popular behavioral explanation for the excess variability and short-term trends observed in financial markets. Most empirical studies, however, fail to find evidence of herding in spite of testing a variety of theoretical models. One excuse for this failure is the coarse data frequencies employed. Using a high frequency intraday dataset from the Australian equities market, we find little evidence for market-wide or industry sector herding. Even in extreme market conditions, participants appear to discriminate between different securities, as predicted by the rational asset pricing paradigm.
T reticular interneurons: A class of serially repeating cells in the zebrafish hindbrain

We describe a class of reticular neurons, named T interneurons after the branching pattern of their axons, in young larvae of the zebrafish Brachydanio rerio. The cells were identified by filling them with HRP from application sites within the CNS. A serially repeating set of about ten such neurons is present in a longitudinal column on each side of the caudal hindbrain. The T axons project across the midline, and branches course both rostrally and caudally within the medial longitudinal fascicle (mlf). The cells receive synaptic input from the Mauthner neurons, from unidentified axons in the mlf, and perhaps from trigeminal sensory fibers. They project to cranial and pectoral motor nuclei.
[AIDS along Brazil's borders, 1990-2003].

OBJECTIVE To study the AIDS epidemic in Brazil's border areas, from the spatial and temporal perspective. METHODS This was an ecological study in which the cases of AIDS reported to the Ministry of Health of Brazil from 1990-2003 were grouped according to "hunger areas" as defined by Josué de Castro in the 1940s and according to 19 cultural subregions. Spatial assessment was based on incidence rates for border municipalities; temporal assessment considered the absolute number of cases occurring quarterly from 1990-2003 in each of the hunger areas studied (Extreme South, Midwest, and Amazon). RESULTS During the study period, 7,973 cases of AIDS were reported from the Brazilian border areas: 648 in the Amazon area, 1,579 in the Midwest, and 5,746 in the Extreme South (populations of 668,098, 895,489, and 2,769,361, respectively). The subregions with the highest AIDS incidence rates in each of the three border areas were those near triple-borders, between more than two Latin American countries. Sexual transmission was predominant, with heterosexual transmission being the most frequent, followed by transmission by male homosexuality. These two categories accounted for 87.2% of the cases reported. The estimates of the trend parameter in the temporal analysis were 0.53 (P < 0.0001), 0.83 (P < 0.0001), and 3.47 (P < 0.0001), respectively, for the Amazon, Midwest, and Extreme South areas. CONCLUSION The improvement of health care services along Brazil's borders may be a strategy for territorial integration and for dealing with the AIDS epidemic, as long as social, economic, and cultural differences are taken into account.
Delinquency: The Untold Story of Student Loan Borrowing

Delinquency: The Untold Story of Student Loan Borrowing the institute for higher education policy (ihep) is an independent, nonprofit organization that is dedicated to access and success in postsecondary education around the world. Established in 1993, the Washington, D.C.-based organization uses unique research and innovative programs to inform key decision makers who shape public policy and support economic and social development. IHEP's Web site, www.ihep. org, features an expansive collection of higher education information available free of charge and provides access to some of the most respected professionals in the fields of public policy and research. Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank the Institute for Higher Education Policy (IHEP) staff and senior associates who contributed to this We appreciate the feedback and advice provided by all participants at the roundtable discussion held December 2010 in Washington, D.C. In addition, we benefited from suggestions offered by a number of other reviewers, including Tia T. Gordon at TTG+Partners, Also, we thank the numerous individuals who agreed to be interviewed for this study, and who provided helpful background context on the issues. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of IHEP, the reviewers, or the funders.
Results of imatinib mesylate therapy in patients with refractory or recurrent acute myeloid leukemia, high‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome, and myeloproliferative disorders

Imatinib mesylate is a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor of c‐abl, bcr/abl, c‐kit, and platelet‐derived growth factor‐receptor (PDGF‐R). c‐kit is expressed in most patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and PDGF has been implicated in the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative disorders (MPD).
Efficacy of trastuzumab beyond progression in HER2 positive advanced gastric cancer: a multicenter prospective observational cohort study

Introduction Trastuzumab plus chemotherapy is the standard first-line regimen in HER2 positive advanced gastric cancer (AGC), but lack of data in post-progression treatment. So, it is worth evaluating the efficacy of continuing trastuzumab after failure of the first-line trastuzumab based treatment. Methods 59 patients were enrolled from Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and Peking University Cancer Hospital between September 2012 and Oct 2015. Patients were divided into two groups according to the second line regimens: with or without trastuzumab. The primary endpoint was progression free survival of second line therapy (PFS2). Secondary end points included overall survival (OS), response rate, and adverse events (AEs). Results Baseline factors were well balanced between two groups. 32 patients treated with trastuzumab plus second line chemotherapy (group A) and 27 patients received chemotherapy alone (group B). The median follow-up time was 7.60 months (range 1.50-32.50). Longer median PFS2 was observed in group A than in group B (3.1 vs 2.0 months, P=0.008). There was no significant differences of median OS2 calculating from the second line therapy (10.5 vs 6.5 months, P=0.172) between two groups. Response rate was 9.3% in group A compared with 3.7% in group B (P=0.617). AEs were similar in two groups including cardiac safety. Subgroup analysis showed that factors of male, age<65, good performance status, HER2 immunohistochemical (IHC) 2+ and poor response to first line indicated superior PFS2 in patients continuing trastuzumab to those treated with chemotherapy alone. Conclusion Continuing treatment of trastuzumab beyond first line therapy progression showed effective and safe in AGC.
RED CELLS , IRON , AND ERYTHROPOIESIS Wild-type macrophages reverse disease in heme oxygenase 1-de fi cient mice

In 1999, the first case of human heme oxygenase deficiency was identified in a Japanese patient who suffered from severe growth retardation, hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis, and paradoxically, increased serum haptoglobin (Hp) and normal bilirubin. Deletions were found in both alleles of HMOX1 in the patient, and many of the disease manifestations were comparable with those previously observed in heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1) knockout (KO) mice. In both the human patient and the mouse model, renal iron overload was observed, whereas asplenia was diagnosed in patients, and red pulp degeneration developed in agingmice. To better understand the shift in tissue iron contents and the pathophysiology of the disease, we studied the Hmox1 mice and concluded that loss of functional splenic and hepatic macrophages was the major cause of disease. Depletion of splenic macrophages and liver Kupffer cells renderedmice unable to effectively remove senescent red blood cells (RBCs) and hemoglobin (Hb) from the circulation. Our previous in vitro experiments showed that macrophages derived from Hmox1 animals could not survive erythrophagocytosis. During hemolysis, Hb binds to the plasma protein Hp, and the complex is subsequently cleared by tissue macrophages that express CD163, the receptor for the Hp–Hb complex. We found that CD163 expression was dramatically diminished in the reticuloendothelial system of theHmox1mice. Such impairment of the Hb scavenging system is known to increase Hb toxicity. Interestingly, depletion of macrophages was observed only in tissues in which macrophages were directly exposed to blood, including splenic red pulp, liver, and bone marrow (BM) sinusoids. The combination of intravascular hemolysis and normal serum bilirubin, which was observed in the first reported human patient, underscored the relevance of the mouse model to human HMOX1 deficiency. Thus, ineffective recycling of senescent RBCs coupled with impairment of the Hp–Hb clearance system can lead to a cascade of severe damage to endothelial system, kidney, and other organs, with a lethal outcome. Genetic background influenced the severity of the phenotype in mice. Also, 1 patient had no significant health problems until the age of 15 years but died 5 months after presentation. Here, we performed subablative BM transplants on Hmox1 KO mice and concluded that restoration of a wild-type (WT) macrophage populationwas sufficient to prevent and reverse disease.
Corporate social reporting (CSR) in emerging economies: A review and future direction

Purpose – Previous reviews of Corporate Social Reporting (CSR) literature have tended to focus on developed economies. The aim of this study is to extend reviews of CSR literature to emerging economies. Design/methodology/approach – A desk-based research method, using a classification framework of three categories. Findings – Most CSR studies in emerging economies have concentrated on the Asia-Pacific and African regions and are descriptive in nature, used content analysis methods and measured the extent and volume of disclosures contained within the annual reports. Such studies provide indirect explanation of the reasons behind CSR adoption, but of late, a handful of studies have started to probe managerial motivations behind CSR directly through in-depth interviews finding that CSR agendas in emerging economies are largely driven by external forces, namely pressures from parent companies, international market and international agencies. Originality/value – This is the first review and analysis of CSR studies from the emerging economy perspective. Following this analysis, the authors have identified some important future research questions.
Image deblurring based on light streak shape

Abstract. Deblurring images captured from low-illumination conditions is a challenging task, because these images contain few useful structures for kernel estimation. However, these images usually contain some light streaks, which are beneficial for estimating the blur kernel. One of our key observations is that these light streaks can provide a good initial value for a nonconvex problem in kernel estimation. The other one is that they record the track of the blur kernel at the moment when images are taken. Therefore, we propose a new prior for kernel estimation based on light streaks in this paper. Moreover, in order to ensure the shape of the blur kernel to be similar to that of light streaks during the updating, a new method is proposed to refine the shape of light streaks. With the help of the refined shape, our kernel estimation process does not require heuristic coarse-to-fine strategy, which is widely used in image deblurring methods. Quantitative experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. In addition, we also demonstrate that the proposed method can be applied to the existing deblurring methods to achieve better performance.
Morphology and Treatment of Occipital Condyle Fractures

During the last 4 years, the authors have had six cases of occipital condyle fractures, a very rare injury. Medline search yielded reports of 20 occipital condyle fractures in the literature. Of the six treated by the authors, one death (by pontine hemorrhage) occurred in a patient with a displaced avulsion fracture on the right occipital condyle (Type III). All others attained solid union with appropriate immobilization. Morphologically, one presented with an impacted fracture of the occipital condyle (Type I), one with a basilar skull fracture that included an occipital condyle fracture (Type II), and four had avulsion fractures of the occipital condyle. The latter are potentially unstable since loss of integrity of alar ligaments may coexist. Type I and II are stable, and the authors recommend treatment with a semiconstrained cervical orthosis. Type III injuries, which are potentially unstable, require rigid immobilization.
DISCOVERY OF A POSSIBLE COOL WHITE DWARF COMPANION FROM THE AllWISE MOTION SURVEY

We present optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of WISEA J061543.91−124726.8, which we rediscovered as a high motion object in the AllWISE survey. The spectra of this object are unusual; while the red optical (λ > 7000 Å) and near-infrared spectra exhibit characteristic TiO, VO, and H2O bands of a late-M dwarf, the blue portion of its optical spectrum shows a significant excess of emission relative to late-M-type templates. The excess emission is relatively featureless, with the exception of a prominent and very broad Na i D doublet. We find that no single, ordinary star can reproduce these spectral characteristics. The most likely explanation is an unresolved binary system of an M7 dwarf and a cool white dwarf. The flux of a cool white dwarf drops in the optical red and near-infrared, due to collision-induced absorption, thus allowing the flux of a late-M dwarf to show through. This scenario, however, does not explain the Na D feature, which is unlike that of any known white dwarf, but which could perhaps be explained via unusual abundance or pressure conditions.
Integrated systems analysis of sow replacement rates in a hierarchical swine breeding structure.

Sow replacement rates in a three-tiered breeding structure were investigated for a 10-yr planning horizon using a stochastic life-cycle swine production model. Market hogs were produced in a three-breed static crossing program and marketed on a liveweight basis. Growth and reproductive traits of individual pigs were simulated using genetic, environmental, and economic parameters. Sows were culled after a maximum of 1, 5, or 10 parities. Systems were defined by maximum sow age at culling and included combinations of 1- and 5-parity nucleus and 1-, 5-, and 10-parity multiplier and commercial tiers. Economic response to index selection was considerable for all culling alternatives with yearly increases in system profits ranging from $1.06 to 1.44 for each commercial hog marketed. When sows were culled after one parity in nucleus, multiplier, and commercial tiers, respectively (1,1,1), annual changes in net returns and all cost measures were 40 to 50% larger than responses in systems with lower sow replacement rates. Based on 10-yr averages for net returns, systems with low multiplier- and commercial-level replacement rates were more profitable than systems with higher replacement rates. The most profitable system (5,10,10) differed from the least profitable system (1,1,1) by more than $10 per pig, but when the (1,1,1) system was excluded, the range was only $3 per pig. The system with lowest replacement rates supported 3,388 more multiplier and 34,151 more commercial sows from a 750-sow nucleus level than the (1,1,1) system. Output from the two extremes differed by > 664,000 commercial market hogs sold. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)