Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationships between Organizational Commitment , OCB , Organizational Justice and Turnover Intention : Evidence from Educational Institution in Malaysia

The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of organizational commitment (OC) as a moderator in the relationship between organizational justice (OJ) and organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) towards employees’ turnover intention (TI) in Malaysia. The data was gathered through survey method from 175 respondents in one of the public educational institution in the Northern Region of Malaysia. The first objective of our research is to determine the role of OC as a moderator in the relationship between OCB and TI. The second objective is to examine the role of OC as a moderator in the relationship between OJ and TI. Moderated regression analysis was used to analyze the moderation effect of the developed hypotheses as constructed in this study. First, result presented a negative interaction between OC and OCB towards employees’ TI. Second, result showed insignificant interaction between OC and OJ towards employees’ TI. Implication of OC roles in the interaction effect between OCB and OJ towards academicians’ TI are discussed. Finally, recommendations for future research are briefly highlighted.
Learning difficulties of 'object-oriented programming paradigm using Java': students' perspective

Java programming is popular both in Academia and IT Industry. Further, it is the maximum usage of programming across the world. There is a wide edge between industry expectations and knowledge of students in Java programming. Teaching and learning of Java programming in academia is the greater responsibility to shrink that edge. The present study has been conducted in this regard to investigate the factors that lead to students' learning difficulties in Object-Oriented Programming Paradigm using Java. The result of this study indicates that the students have learning difficulties on the topics of Java programming. The nature of difficulties, situations and the various factors that lead to poor performance in learning of Java programming were also identified.
Tuberculosis Control in the 21 st Century

A consensus that caring for patients with tuberculosis (TB) posed a risk to health-care workers did not emerge until the 1950s and 1960s, when studies established that Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was transmitted by the airborne route (1). However, occupational transmission received little attention until numerous outbreaks of TB and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) occurred in U.S. and European hospitals in the 1980s and 1990s (2). More than 20 health-care workers became ill with MDRTB, and at least 10 died (3). Hundreds of health-care workers may be latently infected with MDRTB and thus represent a large repository at risk for future reactivation of disease. Thus, although the MDRTB and drug-sensitive TB outbreaks in the United States and Europe have largely been controlled, the consequences of these outbreaks are still being felt. This article reviews current approaches to TB control in hospitals and prospects for improved control.
Reconstructing the Minoan Communication Network in Central Crete

The Pediada survey is an interdisciplinary project, based on fieldwork carried out between 1982 and 1989 by the archaeologist Dr. Niko Panagiotaki. The systematic survey campaign which covered a total area of 800 sq. km. in the Pediada region in central Crete (area near modern Herakleion) brought to light a registry of more than 2500 sites of archaeological interest spanning from the Neolithic to the end of the 19th century A.D. One of the most distinct features that were recognized along the surface survey was Soroi, a series of man made rounded pyramidal structures with a flat top, showing evidence of burned
A review of T-stress calculation methods in fracture mechanics computation

An overview of past research on T-stress is presented in this paper, we provides some critical review of the history and state of two elastic fracture mechanics and relationship to crack paths stability. The importance of the global approach with two parameters (K-T) or (K-A3) in the analysis of the linear elastic fracture mechanics, based on the effect of confinement according to the work of Williams, is presented in the field of CT specimen in mode I for the API X52 steel. The objective is to propose a numerical study, defining the T-stress, by applying the finite element method, in 2D, using the software ANSYS 15.0. Thereafter, we propose the method inspired from the volumetric approach developed by Pluvinage, this method is based on the determination of the effective stress Tef over an effective distance Xef ahead of the crack tip. Finally, it concludes with a discussion critical of methods of calculated the T-stress.
THE EFFECT OF FOREST SOIL PRODUCTIVITY AND VEGETATION TYPE ON DIPRIONID SAWFLIES COCOON PREDATION

The abundance of insect populations can change dramatically from generation to generation, and large increases are commonly known as "outbreaks". Insect outbreaks can be extremely destructive when the insect is considered as a crop or forest pest or it carries disease to humans, farm animals, or wildlife. Due to the economic losses caused by pests, it is very important to know and understand the processes (biotic or abiotic) that regulate insect populations. In Finland, pine sawflies (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae), consisting mainly in two species; Diprion pini (L.) and Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffroy) are one of the major defoliator groups of Scots pine forests. Several studies have recently estimated future outbreaks of pine sawflies, in the light of these future threats researchers considered that there is an increasing need in study their main controllers. In this research, I studied one of the most important agents controlling pine sawflies populations, the cocoon predators, and how they are affected by the environment. Among other hypothesis and theoretical background, I took into account the Exploitation Ecosystem Hypothesis (EEH), which makes different predictions for predation depending on productivity levels. Hence, I focused my study on the different vegetation types of Scots pine forests. I used empirical models for the diprionid cocoon predation pressure, specifically generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) techniques. The mean percentage of predation was predicted as a function of forest vegetation type and season. The results of this research show that predation pressure is highly related with the type and structure of the forest where the pine sawflies predators live and predate. Rich forests (Mesic forests in this study) with higher vegetation diversity and structures supported the highest levels of pine sawflies cocoon predation.
The potentiality of using chitosan and its enzymatic depolymerized derivative chito-oligosaccharides as immunomodulators

Among the various methods used for the hydrolysis of chitosan, enzymatic hydrolysis was the most preferred method. Hence, in this research, the hydrolysis of chitosan to chito-oligosaccharides was performed using partially purified Dothideomycetes sp. chitosanase with a specific activity 16.7 IU/mg protein in a reaction mixture contained enzyme/ substrate ratio 0.2 IU/mg incubated for 1 hour at 45οC. The in vivo immunomodulatory effects of both chitosan and COS in low and high doses (10 and 20 mg/kg body weight) were studied using normal mice and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice. In the case of their intraperitoneal injection in normal mice, they caused an increase in peritoneum cell infiltration, phagocytic activity of the peritoneal macrophage, and serum level of tumor necrotic factor-α, nitric oxide, lysozyme activity, and interleukin-6. Moreover, they significantly overcome LPS-induced severe activation of all the tested parameters. The results demonstrated that both had dual activities, immune-stimulatory activity and anti-inflammatory activity. Collectively, the present study suggests that chitosan and COS can be used as endotoxin scavenger and therapeutic agents in disorders where inflammation is one of the pathological features.
Learner Washback Variability in Standardized Exit Tests.

In much of the world, the issue of accountability and measurement of educational outcomes is highly controversial. Exit testing is part of the movement to ascertain what students have learned and hold institutions and teachers to account. However, compared to the large number of teacher washback studies, learner washback research is lacking (Cheng, 2008). By exploring standardized exit test washback in Taiwan, this study aims to test Alderson and Wall’s hypotheses (1993) regarding learner washback variability, namely that a test will influence 1) degree/depth of learning, 2) attitudes toward methods of learning, and 3) some learners but not others. This study is one of very few washback studies that compare learner behaviors before and after the introduction of exit tests, thereby obtaining a clearer picture of washback effects on learners. Questionnaires and scores on two exit tests (GEPT and TOEIC) were collected from 589 Taiwanese university students before and after the introduction of English exit tests in Taiwan. This study highlights the differential effects of exit requirements for different groups of learners depending on their years of study, proficiency levels, and viewpoints of tests.
Employee pay satisfaction , burn out and intention to stay among lecturers in tertiary institutions in Rivers State

This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between pay satisfaction, job burnout and intention to stay. The determinants of both pay satisfaction and job burnout were looked at as previous validated in other related studies. The interrelationship between the variables was analysed using regression and Anova analytical tools. The findings revealed that pay satisfaction and job burnout are strong indicator of the intention to stay by lecturers in tertiary institutions in Rivers State, though, job burnout has inverse relationship. We, therefore, recommend that management of the institutions should as a matter of urgency pay adequate and prompt attention to pay satisfaction and job burnout by looking at their determinants and as well, improve the lecturers’ interpersonal training and, stress and stress related activities management.
CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH ANALYSIS STUDIES OF YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN INDIAN MUSTARD ( BRASSICA JUNCEA L . CZERN & COSS )

Mustard is one of the important oilseed crop produced worldwide. India is one of the leading producers of mustard crop but, despite having the third largest acreage its production remains stagnant. Therefore, intensive research is required for identification and selection of characters that contribute directly or indirectly to the increase in yield of the oilseed crop. In this context, the character association and path analysis studies were conducted during Rabi 2016-17 at Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU, Varanasi. Thirty Indian mustard genotypes were sown under Randomized Block Design in three replications and observations were recorded on for eleven quantitative traits. Treatments mean sum of square for all traits were found significant except for main raceme length which shows presence of sufficient genetic variation among the genotypes tested. Highest estimate of heritability (broad sense) was observed for 1000 seed weight (94.40 %). Genetic advance for all the traits was in lower range except for number of siliqua per plant (41.605%). Genotypic correlation of five traits viz. plant height (0.6151), number of primary branches (0.4660), number of secondary branches (0.3829), length of main raceme (0.2979) and number of siliqua per plant (0.3230) showed positive and significant correlation with seed yield per plant whereas siliqua length (-0.3372) was found to be negatively and significantly correlated. Genotypic path coefficient analysis revealed positive direct effects on seed yield per hectare for plant height (2.3881), number of secondary branches (2.4428), siliqua length (0.1947) and seed yield/plant (0.1656). It can be concluded from the findings that plant height, number of secondary branches, siliqua length and seed yield/plant are reliable traits for selection of high yielding genotypes. Traits like number of siliqua/plant, 1000 seed weight, seed yield/plant and seed yield/ha showed high heritability hence give response for the selection. Number of siliqua per plant, 1000 seed weight and seed yield per plant showed moderate genetic advance which suggests that these traits may be helpful in improving the seed yield.
Resveratrol attenuates nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia and is associated with disturbances in carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism which occurs secondary to an absolute (type І) or relative (type ІІ) lack of insulin. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effects of resveratrol on nephropathy subsequent diabetes mellitus in rats. In this study, Forty eight healthy male Wistar rats (about 180–200 g body weight) were randomly divided into 4 groups (12 rats each): group 1: normal control; group 2: diabetic rats; group 3: diabetics received resveratrol and group 4: non-diabetics received no treatment. After 4 month, animals of different groups were sacrificed under light anesthesia (ketamine 80mg/kg) 1 day after the end of the treatment. The kidneys fixed in a 10% neutral-buffered formalin solution were embedded in paraffin and were used for histopathological examination. Results showed that there was statistically significant difference between control and treatment group in term of mentioned injuries (P<0.005). Also, there was statistically significant difference between control and treatment group in term of vasculopathy (P<0.05). In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that RSV reduced plasma glucose and creatinine, oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines and up-regulated AMPK proteins in diabetes which may contribute to its renoprotective effects in the early stage of DN. [Yousef Doustar. Resveratrol attenuates nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Life Sci J 2013;10(5s):167-171] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 30
The Need and Scope for Stem Cell Based Therapy in Hirschsprung Disease. J Embryol Stem Cell Res 2018, 2(1): 000106

The role of enteric nervous system in gastrointestinal motility disorders in children has been better understood in recent years. One of the well-researched among these disorders is Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), also known as congenital intestinal aganglionosis. Even with current advances in the surgical management of HSCR significant postoperative morbidity such as defecation problems and enterocolitis occur despite correctly performed surgery. The need for adopting alternate forms of therapy in HSCR disease is well realized and stem cell therapy may provide this path in future. The understanding of embryology of neural crest stem cells and enteric nervous system progenitor cells and their migration to locations in the gut provided the early clues for stem cell therapy in HSCR. Identification of these cells in postnatal tissues at various anatomical locations including the intestines of infants, children and even patients with HSCR has provided the impetus for more intense research in this area. The autologous source of neural crest stem cells from the gut of HSCR patients is a major development in not being immunogenic. Despite these advances, several issues still remain to be solved before adoption of stem cell therapy for HSCR in humans. This mini-review highlights the current status and future directions of the role of stem cell therapy in therapy of HSCR.
Action Recognition by Fusing Spatial-Temporal Appearance and the Local Distribution of Interest Points

The traditional Bag of Words (BOW) algorithm considers the frequency of visual words only, whereas it ignores their spatial and temporal correlations. Many methods have been designed to remedy this defect . In this paper, we propose a new descriptor to describe the local spatio-temporal distribution information of each point. This new descriptor, combined with HOG3D, is used to describe human actions. K-means clustering algorithm is introduced to generate codebook of visual words, achieving the integration of two features under the BOW model. Finally, Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used for action recognition. We extensively test our method on the standard Weizmann and KTH action datasets. The results show its validity and good performance. Index Terms - Action recognition, BOW, SVM, Local spatio- temporal distribution.
EFFECT OF LEAD METAL STRESS ON ANTIOXIDANT GENES EXPRESSION IN LEAVES OF SUNFLOWER ( HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L . CV . AQMAR ) PLANTS

To evaluate the expression of the HaMt1 and CAT genes under lead stress, thirty days old sunflower seedlings, cv. Aqmar were treated with 0, 50, 100,150,200 and 250 mg Pb.kg soil , and then gene-encoding metallothioneins (HaMt1) and antioxidant (CAT) gene were measured three times after 0, 24, 48, 72 hours and 10 days of exposure to Pb. The result of using all the concentrations 50, 100, 150, 200 or 250mgPb.kg soil showed difference in the response of CAT gene after 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours or 10 days of treatment . Expression patterns of HaMt1 gene were differing from antioxidant gene (CAT) patterns. The metallothioneins gene HaMt1was expressed in control and lead at 100 mg Pb after 72 h and 10 days, and at 150mgPb after 24, 48, 72 hr of 10 days of treatment comparing with control treatment. These results indicate that the sunflower cultivar Aqmar is a promising plant for phytoremediation of lead-polluted soils.
Does Polycentric Urban Spatial Development Lead to Less Commuting : A Perspective of Jobs-housing Balance

The research of whether polycentric urban spatial development lead to less commuting has created many debates during last decades (Cervero & Landis 1991; Naess & Sandberg 1996; Gordon & Richardson 1997; Cervero & Duncan 2006). There are two major reasons for the debates. One reason is whether polycentric urban development could provide more opportunities to enhance spatial matches between the job and housing location selections of workers. Accordingly, employment decentralization and polycentric evolution would shorten workers’ commuting distance and duration. Another reason is that whether jobs-housing balance policies save on workers’ commuting duration in metropolitan areas (Nowlan & Stewart 1991; Giuliano 1991; Wachs et al. 1993; Frank & Pivo 1994; Peng 1997; Scott, Kanaroglou & Anderson 1997; Levine 1998; Levinson 1998; Sultana 2002; Horner 2004; Cervero & Duncan 2006; Wang & Chai 2009). This paper will review empirical studies in relation to this crucially important research topic. An understanding of how urban spatial structure and jobs-housing balance influence commuting patterns can improve the management and strategic planning of cities to ensure that urban spatial pattern optimises the aggregate travel behaviour of urban commuters.
EVALUATION OF ALCOHOL OUTLET DENSITY AND CHARACTERISTICS IN A POOR AREA OF SÃO PAULO-IN SEARCH OF AN ALCOHOL POLICY FOR THE CITY

Introduction: The current study set out to investigate alcohol availability in a densely populated, residential area of suburban São Paulo associated with high levels of social deprivation and violence. Gun-related deaths and a heavy concentration of alcohol outlets are notable features of the area surveyed. Given the strong evidence for a link between alcohol availability and a number of alcohol-related problems, including violent crime, measures designed to reduce accessibility have become a favoured choice for alcohol prevention programmes in recent years. By generating a profile of alcohol sales and selling points, it was hoped to gain a better understanding of alcohol access issues within the sample area. Methods: The interviewers were 24 residents of the area who were trainned for the study. It was selected na area of nineteen streets, covering a total distance of 3.7 km. Results: It was found 107 alcohol outlets were recorded. The number of other properties in the same area was counted at 1,202. Two measures of outlet density may thus be calculated: The number of outlets per kilometre of roadway (29outlets/km); and the proportion of all properties that sold alcohol (1 in 12). The main characteristics of the outlet were: 75% of them had no license; the mean number of days per week on which outlets traded were 6.82; 82.6% of the outlet sold alcohol to customers on credit; the maind beverage sold was pinga and cost on average U$ 0.25. Conclusions: The results of this study are compared with others which are mainly from developed countries and the implications in terms of policies are discussed. Future alcohol prevention policy would be well served by such knowledge.
Role of Functional Academic Literacy in ESP Teaching: ESP Teacher Training in Turkey for Sustainable Development

Over the past 30 years, English for specific purposes (ESP) has established itself as a viable and vigorous movement within the field of TEFL, parallel to developments in science, technology, and business world has. Therefore, there has been a great deal of improvement in curriculum development in this field and the application of findings of ESP researchers continues to increase and expand throughout the world. However, in Turkey, this is not the case in the training of ELT teachers, who are expected to put these new methods and techniques into practice. In this study, we therefore analyzed this issue in terms of Functional Academic Literacy (FAL) ESP teachers are expected to have so as to perform well in ESP classes. The challenges ESP teachers have to overcome were displayed, comparing them with their students’ needs which they have to meet and with the qualities which facilitate their burden within the framework of Cummins’ Bilingual Proficiency Theory, Bruner’s Constructivist Learning Theory and Anderson’s Schema Theory.
Faculty Perceptions of Readiness to Implement Interprofessional Education in Athletic Training

PURPOSE As the athletic training profession advances, master’s degree accreditation standards aim to position athletic trainers as key players on interprofessional healthcare teams. Interprofessional education standards were recently introduced to academic leaders as key elements in the professional healthcare education of athletic trainers. While the current standards reflect essential skills for entry-level clinicians, faculty instructing these elements may require additional development. METHODS The objective of this study was to explore athletic training educators’ perceptions of interprofessional education and to examine perceived barriers related to the implementation of IPE in athletic training curricula. An electronic survey was administered to a stratified, random sample of 1000 athletic training education program faculty from the National Athletic Trainer’s Association (NATA) member database. Participating faculty completed the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale (IEPS) and a set of additional Likert-scale questions regarding barriers to implementation of IPE in athletic training education. RESULTS The results indicated that differences exist in faculty readiness to implement IPE based on faculty rank or role, years of teaching experience, prior experience and skill level using IPE, and geographical location of the athletic training program within the institution. CONCLUSION The results indicated that differences exist in faculty readiness to implement IPE based on faculty rank or role, years of teaching experience, prior experience and skill level using IPE, and geographical location of the athletic training program within the institution. Together, the findings suggest that IPE integration should include initiatives that provide administrative support, delineate leadership roles, offer formal IP development, and aim to create closer physical proximity among healthcare disciplines on campuses.