Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of a 3 D Multimodal Marker-Less Motion Analysis System

Motion analysis is a technique used by clinicians (among many others) that quantifies human movement by using camera-based systems. Marker-based motion analysis systems have been used across a variety of application domains, from Interactive 3D TeleImmersion (i3DTI) environments to the diagnosis of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal diseases. Although such analysis is performed in several laboratories in many countries, numerous issues exist: (1) the high cost of precise motion capture systems; (2) scarcity of qualified personnel to operate them; (3) expertise required to interpret their results; (4) space requirements to install and store these systems; (5) complexity in terms of measurement protocol required for such systems; (6) limited availability; (7) and in some situations the use of markers means they are unsuitability for certain clinical use cases (e.g. for patients recovering from orthopaedic surgery). In this paper, we present, from a system perspective, an alternative, cheaper, and more accessible system for motion analysis. The ultimate aim is to use the output of this multimodal marker-less system as part of an immersive multimedia gait re-education tool. In real-time, it will advise the user on their gait performance (as well as potentially providing accurate clinical data to clinicians). With the initial focus on the capture system, we have developed and evaluated a novel multimodal system which integrates Multiple Microsoft Kinects (which employ RGB-D cameras) with multiple Shimmer Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors. We have compared this system with the VICON system (the gold standard in motion capture). Our marker-less motion capture system combines data from 4 skeletons generating 3D and complete 360 degrees in view skeleton. The system combines unit quaternions from each Kinect joint with quaternions from 4 inertial measurement units to promote integration. We used our system to measure 3D points of 12 joints from the Kinect fused skeleton and flexion-extension angles of the knee and hip in a walking trial in 8 participants with 8-10 trials per participant. The analysis found component similarity of 0.97 for knee angles and 0.98 for hip angles. These results show that our system, through combination of Multi Kinect system and Shimmer IMUs, offers a cheaper, sufficiently accurate and more accessible human motion analysis system.
Vitamin C kills thyroid cancer cells through ROS-dependent inhibition of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways via distinct mechanisms

Background: Vitamin C has been demonstrated to kill BRAF mutant colorectal cancer cells selectively. BRAF mutation is the most common genetic alteration in thyroid tumor development and progression; however, the antitumor efficacy of vitamin C in thyroid cancer remains to be explored. Methods: The effect of vitamin C on thyroid cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis was assessed by the MTT assay and flow cytometry. Xenograft and transgenic mouse models were used to determine its in vivo antitumor activity of vitamin C. Molecular and biochemical methods were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of anticancer activity of vitamin C in thyroid cancer. Results: Pharmaceutical concentration of vitamin C significantly inhibited thyroid cancer cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis regardless of BRAF mutation status. We demonstrated that the elevated level of Vitamin C in the plasma following a high dose of intraperitoneal injection dramatically inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors. Similar results were obtained in the transgenic mouse model. Mechanistically, vitamin C eradicated BRAF wild-type thyroid cancer cells through ROS-mediated decrease in the activity of EGF/EGFR-MAPK/ERK signaling and an increase in AKT ubiquitination and degradation. On the other hand, vitamin C exerted its antitumor activity in BRAF mutant thyroid cancer cells by inhibiting the activity of ATP-dependent MAPK/ERK signaling and inducing proteasome degradation of AKT via the ROS-dependent pathway. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that vitamin C kills thyroid cancer cells by inhibiting MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways via a ROS-dependent mechanism and suggest that pharmaceutical concentration of vitamin C has potential clinical use in thyroid cancer therapy.
VNF deployment and routing for NFV-enabled multicast: A steiner tree-based approach

This paper investigates the network function virtualization (NFV)-enabled multicast problem, and proposes a steiner tree-based algorithm to reduce the cost of virtual network function (VNF) deployment and routing. In the algorithm, to minimize the bandwidth consumption, the Steiner tree is constructed by taking all the destination nodes as the terminals. Then a interconnection node of the tree is selected to connect the source by the shortest path, in which the VNFs are deployed and shared by all the destination nodes. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is effective to reduce the number of deployed VNFs and the total cost of the networks.
THE NEW CHALLENGES OF POLITICAL ISLAM IN MALAYSIA

Long regarded as an embodiment of tolerant Islam peacefully co-existing with modernisation within a multi-ethnic and multi-religious society, Malaysia unexpectedly aroused much attention as a potential breeding ground for Muslim radicals in the aftermath of a series of catalytic events which pitted the West against the Muslim world. Rising occurrences of Islamist-related terrorist violence have been cited as evidence of surging Southeast Asian Muslim radicalism, to which Malaysia, the rarity of its Islam-related commotions notwithstanding, is held not be immune. Both foreign analysts and the Malaysian government have been inclined to situate such an obtrusive phenomenon within the context of the rising penetration into the country of doctrinal rigidity espoused by the Wahhabi-Salafi school of thought predominant in contemporary Middle East. Traditionally acting as recipients rather than generators of intellectual developments within the ummah, Malaysian Muslims, as part of the non-Arab Muslim periphery, are said to be susceptible to Middle Eastern-originated radicalism, as exemplified in interlocking transnational contacts and agendas sowed between increasingly globalised Islamist networks adept in exploiting latest trappings of modernity. This paper, however, urges readers to look beyond such conventional analyses, and engage in deeper reflection of local dynamics of Malaysia’s Islamisation process, in order to arrive at a more nuanced understanding of challenges posed by political Islamists in Malaysia. It is argued that, belying the regime’s profession of a form of progressive Islam known as Islam Hadhari, Malaysia under Abdullah Ahmad Badawi’s Premiership has witnessed an abrupt escalation of inter-religious tension which not only threatens to disrupt communal harmony and nation-building, but also poses a security risk. The origins of such instability could arguably be located to political Islamism within the regime, in particular to its home-nurtured Islamic bureaucracy, which has become Islamist.
FREE OSCILLATIONS OF A CAVITATION BUBBLE

A cavitation bubble model based on a recently described vapour bubble model is presented. By using the model, significant bubble wall positions and related quantities are computed. Experimental data on cavitation bubbles as published in the literature are evaluated and compared with the theoretical results. It is found that, in agreement with an assumption made, at later times the cavitation bubbles behave similarly to sparkand laser-generated bubbles. The difference in the computed and measured values of the cavitation bubble damping factors are interpreted as extra energy losses. The mechanism of these losses is, however, still unclear. Possible origins of the losses are suggested.
School participation, Family support, Performance in Mathematics: The case of Mexico in PISA (2012).

The purpose of the work is to understand 1) the multidemensional structure and the validity of two convergent and divergent constructs: parental participation in school, and parental support for learning in the home and 2) the relationship between these two constructs to the performance of students in mathematics. The study was conducted with Mexican PISA databases (2012); specifically, with the answers of 33,806 parents to 18 questions in familial questionnaires, as well as with their children´s scores in mathematics. To achieve this objective two types of analysis were conducted: exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the responses of the parents 2) Confirmatory Factorial Analysis of Trajectories with the answers of the parents as independent variable and the mathematics scores of their children as the dependent variable. The results show that the first construct is composed of three dimensions and that the second of two constructs, together they have a load factor that explains the 10% of variance in student mathematics performance.
INVESTIGATION OF 5-HYDROXYMETHYL-2-FURALDEHYDE AND 2-FURALDEHYDE COMPOUNDS IN FRUIT JUICES

Maillard reactions are responsible for reducing the nutritional value of foods. The formation of the furfural compounds in fruit juices could cause degradation of the nutritional value. Therefore, hydroxymethylfurfural is the most important quality criteria in the fruit juices. Our aim was to determine the levels of 5-hydroxymethly-2-furaldehyde (HMF) and 2-furaldehyde (F) compounds in 100 commercial fruit juice samples (apple juice, apricot nectar, cherry juice and peach nectar) of five different brands (A, B, C, D, and E) sold in Ankara, Turkey. HMF and F compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detector (DAD). The HMF and F assays were linear in broad concentration ranges (HMF: R 2 >0.999, F: R 2 >0.994). Recovery values of HMF and F were calculated as 101.8% and 99.1%, respectively. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values of HMF were determined as 0.0017 mg/L and 0.0055 mg/L, respectively. These values were determined as 0.0018 mg/L and 0.0059 mg/L for F. HMF and F were determined in all of the samples. Also, HMF levels of all samples were higher than F levels of samples. The minimum and maximum HMF and F levels were determined as 63.89 – 162.27 mg/L and 0.19 – 4.85 mg/L, respectively. Our data revealed that HMF levels in fruit juice samples were higher than maximum allowed value set by Turkish Standard Institute (TSI) (10 mg/L ).
XXIV Physics in Collision - Boston, June 27-29, 2004 HIGH ENERGY GAMMA RAYS

The Very High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy (VHE) is a rapidly evolving branch of modern astronomy, which covers the range from about 50 GeV to several tens of TeV from the ground. In the past years, the second generation instruments firmly established a growing and varied list of sources including plerions, supernova remnants and active galactic nuclei, and started to study some fundamental questions such as the origin of cosmic rays or the emission mechanisms of the active galactic nuclei. New results now include the first VHE unidentified sources as well as more puzzling sources such as the Galactic center. The arrival of new generation instruments (HESS, CANGAROO III, VERITAS, MAGIC) already gives a impressive look at the near future. Here we attempt to summarize the current status of the field. We briefly describe the instruments and analysis techniques, and give an outlook on the sources detected sofar.
Age estimation from root diameter and root canal diameter of maxillary central incisors in Chinese Han population using cone-beam computed tomography

Age estimation from dental radiographs is a non-destructive method to obtain information. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the possibility of age estimation from root diameter and root canal diameter of maxillary central incisors radiographs. 420 cone-beam computed tomography images of maxillary central incisors (210 males and 210 females) aged 15 to 84 years were chosen and classified into 7 age groups each sex: group I (15-24 years), group II (25-34 years), group III (35-44 years), group IV (45-54 years), group V (55-64 years), group VI (65-74 years) and group VII (75-84 years). Root diameter, root canal diameter and root canal diameter/root diameter ratios were obtained by dedicated software together with cone-beam computed tomography. Gender difference was significant (P<0.05). Data of root canal diameter and root canal diameter/root diameter ratios showed statistically significant correlation (r=0.849 & P<0.05 for male, r=0.692 & P<0.05 for female from root canal diameter; r=0.862 & P<0.05 for male, r=0.735 & P<0.05 for female from root canal diameter/root diameter ratios) with age through correlation and regression analysis while root diameter had no significant correlation with age. Linear regression equations were performed separately for both sexes along with the corresponding Standard Error of Estimate that ranged from 2.28 to 3.05 years. In conclusion, dental age estimation is possible using cone-beam computed tomography from root diameter and root canal diameter of maxillary central incisors in Chinese Han population.
PERSONAL NAME DISAMBIGUATION IN FARSI WEB PAGES

The problem of name ambiguity causes the results for a personal name query to be a mixture of web pages about different individuals sharing the same name. Name disambiguation as an important task of web mining and information retrieval is the process of grouping web pages into some clusters, where each cluster contains all web pages that refer to the same individual. This paper presents an unsupervised approach to name disambiguation problem. The proposed method exploits two sources of semantic information: discourse profile information derived from the local corpus and global information extracted from ontology. Our approach formalizes the name disambiguation problem as four main subtasks: pre-processing, discourse profile extraction, profile enrichment and profile clustering. First, our approach takes as input the web pages to be disambiguated and then cast them into annotated textual documents using pre-processing tools. Profile extraction phase extracts individuals’ discourse profiles from pre-processed text. In profile enrichment phase, discourse profiles are enriched with semantic information obtained from an online ontology. In profile clustering stage, enriched profiles are grouped into some clusters such that each cluster contains the web pages refer to the same individual. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated on a Farsi and English datasets. The experimental results are encouraging and indicate that the proposed method outperforms the baseline methods and its counterparts.
Strong Zero-Divisor Graphs of Non-Commutative Rings 1

An element a in a ring R is called a strong zero-divisor if, either 〈a〉〈b〉 = 0 or 〈b〉〈a〉 = 0, for some 0 = b ∈ R (〈x〉 is the ideal generated by x ∈ R). Let S(R) denote the set of all strong zero-divisors of R. This notion of strong zero-divisor has been extensively studied by these authors in [8]. In this paper, for any ring R, we associate an undirected graph Γ̃(R) with vertices S(R)∗=S(R)\ {0}, where distinct vertices a and b are adjacent if and only if either 〈a〉〈b〉= 0 or 〈b〉〈a〉= 0. We investigate the interplay between the ring-theoretic properties of R and the graph-theoretic properties of Γ̃(R). It is shown that for every ring R, every two vertices in Γ̃(R) are connected by a path of length at most 3, and if Γ̃(R) contains a cycle, then the length of the shortest cycle in Γ̃(R), is at most 4. Also we characterize all rings R whose Γ̃(R) is a complete graph or a star graph. Also, the interplay of between the ring-theoretic properties of a ring R and the graph-theoretic properties of Γ̃(Mn(R)), are fully investigated. Mathematics Subject Classification: 16U99; 05C50; 16P10; 16S50
Field Evaluation of Some Botanical Extracts against the Pea aphid Acrythosiphon pisum (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Field pea Pisum sativum L

Green pea aphids (Acrythosiphon pisum) are among the most important pests challenging Field pea production. Although there are some insecticides, cost and environmental hazard necessitates the development of safe and effective management options. With this intent Aqua’s extract of Chilli, Garlic, Ginger and Mexican marigold were evaluated for their insecticidal property. ANOVA for after spray aphid count depicted that there was significant difference (P
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

The African catfish Clarias gariepinus is an economically important species, apart from being a model organism in research (Volckaert et al. 1994). Its natural distribution extends all over Africa and Asia Minor; it is cultured intensively and extensively in Africa, Europe and Asia (Huisman & Richter 1987). Little is known about the genetic background of the natural populations and the cultured stocks. Specific highly polymorphic markers are required for example to assess the inbreeding level (8entzen et al. 1991) associated with the aquaculture of this species (Van Der Bank et al. 1992). Due to the relatively high polymorphism microsatellite loci may be used as markers in studies of parentage, quantitative genetics and population genetics (Tautz 1989). (GT),-repeats, in particular, prove to be highly abundant (Queller et al. 1993). We developed specific microsatellite primers for Clarias gariepinus in order to perform paternity tests and to characterize wild and domesticated populations. We report the isolation and characterization of seven (GT), markers and their potential use in other catfish
Effect of Training on Morphological , Physiological and Biochemical Variables of Under 23 Years Soccer Players

Purpose of the study was to find out the effect of training on selected morphological, physiological and biochemical variables of under 23 years soccer players. A total of 30 Indian male under 23 years soccer players (U23, age: 19.00-22.99 yr, mean age: 20.9 ± 1.0 yr playing for last 8-11 years) volunteered for this study. The training sessions were divided into 2 phases (i) Preparatory Phase (PP, 8 weeks) and (ii) Competitive Phase (CP, 4 weeks). The training programme consist of aerobic, anaerobic and skill development, and were completed 4 hrs/day; 5 days/week. Selected morphological, physiological and biochemical variables were measured at zero level (baseline data, BD) and at the end of PP and CP. A significant increase (P<0.05) in VO2max, anaerobic power, grip and back strength, urea and uric acid levels; and a decrease (P<0.05) in percent body fat, hemoglobin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels have been noted in PP and CP when compare to BD. However, no significant change was noted in stature, body mass, lean body mass, maximal heart rate, HDL-C and LDL-C levels of the players after the training. This study would provide useful information for training and selection of soccer players of under 23 age groups.
Identification and Estimation of Peer E ff ects with Panel Data

I investigate how variations in peer groups across time can be used to identify and estimate peer effects in the presence of sorting and other confounding factors. I propose a simple estimator for the linear-in-means model of peer effects that can be extended to more general models of social interactions and to cases where there is feedback from past outcomes to current covariates or peer group assignment. In order to establish the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators, I also develop an asymptotic framework for cross-sectional dependence characterized by time-varying cluster membership and for estimators that use non-nested two-way fixed effects transformations. As an empirical application, I evaluate the importance of accounting for peer-effects in models of student learning using administrative student achievement data from North Carolina.
Basic, specific, mechanistic? Conceptualizing musical emotions in the brain

The number of studies investigating music processing in the human brain continues to increase, with a large proportion of them focussing on the correlates of so‐called musical emotions. The current Review highlights the recent development whereby such studies are no longer concerned only with basic emotions such as happiness and sadness but also with so‐called music‐specific or “aesthetic” ones such as nostalgia and wonder. It also highlights how mechanisms such as expectancy and empathy, which are seen as inducing musical emotions, are enjoying ever‐increasing investigation and substantiation with physiological and neuroimaging methods. It is proposed that a combination of these approaches, namely, investigation of the precise mechanisms through which so‐called music‐specific or aesthetic emotions may arise, will provide the most important advances for our understanding of the unique nature of musical experience. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:1676–1686, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interactive effects of dietary chromium tripicolinate and crude protein level in growing-finishing pigs provided inadequate and adequate pen space.

An experiment was conduct to determine the interactive effects of dietary chromium tripicolinate (CrPic), CP, and pen space (PS) as a stress on growth performance, carcass traits, and plasma hormones and metabolites of crossbred growing-finishing pigs (128 pigs; initial BW 27.2 kg). A factorial arrangement of treatments included two levels of Cr (0 and 400 ppb as CrPic), two levels of CP (80 [80P] and 120% [120P] of the lysine requirement; NRC, 1988), and two levels of PS (adequate [APS] or inadequate [IPS]). In the grower phase, ADG was decreased more by IPS when pigs were fed 80P (CP x PS, P < .08). Gain/feed (G/F) was decreased by IPS in pigs fed 80P; however, in pigs fed 120P, IPS increased G/F (CP x PS, P < .01). Supplemental Cr did not affect (P > .10) ADG, ADFI, or G/F in the grower phase. In the finisher phase, pigs, fed 120P had less (P < .10) ADFI but similar (P > .10) ADG compared with pigs fed 80P. Gain/feed was higher (P < .10) in pigs fed 120P than in pigs fed 80P. Daily gain ADFI were lower (P < .03) in pigs provided IPS than in pigs provided APS. In pigs fed 80P, CrPic tended to result in higher ADG and G/F; however, in pigs fed 120P, Cr tended to result in lower ADG and G/F (CP x Cr, P < .09). Pigs fed 120P had greater (P < .03) longissimus muscle area (LMA) and percentage of muscling (PM) and less (P < .03) 10th rib fat thickness (TRF) than pigs fed 80P. Pigs provided IPS had greater LMA and PM and less TRF than pigs provided APS (P < .03). Pigs fed CrPic had higher TRF when provided IPS but lower TRF when provided APS (Cr x PS, P < .07). Feeding CrPic had minimal effect on plasma urea N, cholesterol, glucose, NEFA, insulin, or growth hormone.