Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathologic and familial characteristics of endometrial carcinoma with multiple primary carcinomas in relation to the loss of protein expression of MSH2 and MLH1

The frequency of synchronous or metachronous multiple primary carcinomas in patients with endometrial carcinoma has been reported to be between 10% and 23% and is highest among all gynecologic carcinomas. However, clinical characteristics and underlying genetic abnormalities in endometrial carcinoma with multiple primary carcinomas has not been well clarified. Endometrial carcinoma is the most commonly associated extracolonic malignancy in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma in which germ line mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes, particularly in MSH2 and MLH1, are known to cause this syndrome. The purpose of the current study was to investigate clinicopathologic and familial characteristics including MSH2, MLH1, and p53 expression in endometrial carcinoma with multiple primary carcinomas, by comparing them to endometrial carcinoma without other primary malignancies.
Vectorcardiographic monitoring of patients with acute myocardial infarction and chronic bundle branch block.

AIMS This study was set up to describe vectorcardiographic patterns in patients with bundle-branch block and acute myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixty-five patients admitted to the coronary care unit with bundle-branch block and suspected acute myocardial infarction were monitored by dynamic vectorcardiography with trend analysis. In 28 patients, a clinical diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction was made. In patients with left bundle-branch block and acute myocardial infarction, the pattern of QRS vector-difference evolution was similar to that in patients with the narrow QRS complex, while ST vector-magnitude changes increased over time. Using a cut-off value for QRS vector-difference at 12 h of more than 20 microVs and a specific trend curve pattern, acute myocardial infarction in the presence of left bundle-branch block could be diagnosed with an accuracy of 71%. For patients with right bundle branch block, using a maximum ST vector-magnitude of > 200 microV during the first 4 h, acute myocardial infarction could be diagnosed with a 78% accuracy. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that dynamic vectorcardiography is a valuable tool in diagnosing and monitoring acute myocardial infarction in patients with bundle branch block.
The vestibulo‐ and preposito‐cerebellar cholinergic neurons of a ChAT‐tdTomato transgenic rat exhibit heterogeneous firing properties and the expression of various neurotransmitter receptors

Cerebellar function is regulated by cholinergic mossy fiber inputs that are primarily derived from the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) and prepositus hypoglossi nucleus (PHN). In contrast to the growing evidence surrounding cholinergic transmission and its functional significance in the cerebellum, the intrinsic and synaptic properties of cholinergic projection neurons (ChPNs) have not been clarified. In this study, we generated choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)‐tdTomato transgenic rats, which specifically express the fluorescent protein tdTomato in cholinergic neurons, and used them to investigate the response properties of ChPNs identified via retrograde labeling using whole‐cell recordings in brainstem slices. In response to current pulses, ChPNs exhibited two afterhyperpolarisation (AHP) profiles and three firing patterns; the predominant AHP and firing properties differed between the MVN and PHN. Morphologically, the ChPNs were separated into two types based on their soma size and dendritic extensions. Analyses of the firing responses to time‐varying sinusoidal current stimuli revealed that ChPNs exhibited different firing modes depending on the input frequencies. The maximum frequencies in which each firing mode was observed were different between the neurons that exhibited distinct firing patterns. Analyses of the current responses to the application of neurotransmitter receptor agonists revealed that the ChPNs expressed (i) AMPA‐ and NMDA‐type glutamate receptors, (ii) GABAA and glycine receptors, and (iii) muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The current responses mediated by these receptors of MVN ChPNs were not different from those of PHN ChPNs. These findings suggest that ChPNs receive various synaptic inputs and encode those inputs appropriately across different frequencies.
Peripheral amino acid and fatty acid infusion for the treatment of necrolytic migratory erythema in the glucagonoma syndrome

Necrolytic migratory erythema (NME), the characteristic rash associated with the glucagonoma syndrome, is a cause of substantial morbidity among patients with this rare malignancy. Treatment options are suboptimal, and often useful for only short or moderate durations. We report the effective, long‐term (> 1 year) use of intermittent infusions of amino acids (AA) and fatty acids (FA) administered via peripheral intravenous access for the treatment of NME in the glucagonoma syndrome. Despite resolution of the NME, serum amino acid (initially subnormal) and fatty acid (initially normal) levels remained unchanged. Tumour growth and other symptoms related to the glucagonoma syndrome appear unaffected by such infusions.
Optimization on the synthesis of large-area single-crystal graphene domains by chemical vapor deposition on copper foils

In this paper, a traditional chemical vapor deposition method for synthesis of single-crystal graphene domains on copper foils was optimized by modulating the growth parameters. This provided us a low-cost and high-yield method for large-area single-crystal graphene domain growth. By this way, single-crystal graphene domains larger than 10μm were synthesized with a gas flow of 1000sccm argon, 40sccm hydrogen and 1.5sccm low-concentration methane for 15min after 3h pre-annealing. The morphologies of as-synthesized samples were characterized by Raman spectrum, optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The result showed that the 10μm graphene domains were monolayer single crystals.
Delayed enhanced CT of lipid-poor adrenal adenomas.

OBJECTIVE Although representing a minority of adrenal adenomas, the lipid-poor variety cannot be accurately identified on unenhanced CT or chemical shift MR imaging. We compared the delayed contrast-enhanced CT features of lipid-poor adenomas with those of lipid-rich adenomas and of adrenal nonadenomas to determine whether there were differences in the washout features between these groups of lesions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Eighteen proven lipid-poor adenomas, 56 lipid-rich adenomas, and 40 adrenal nonadenomas underwent CT before, immediately after, and 15 min delay after IV contrast injection. Region-of-interest measurements were made of all adrenal lesions at the three time points. The degree of enhancement, enhancement washout, percentage enhancement washout, and relative percentage enhancement washout were calculated for each adrenal mass. Pooled data were analyzed statistically. Optimal threshold values for diagnosing adrenal adenomas were also determined. RESULTS The mean CT attenuation of lipid-poor adenomas was significantly higher than that of lipid-rich adenomas at all three phases but not significantly different from that of nonadenomas. The mean percentage enhancement washout on images obtained 15 min after administration of contrast material was similar for lipid-rich and lipid-poor adenomas but was significantly higher than that of nonadenomas. The mean relative percentage enhancement washout was significantly different among all three groups. CONCLUSION Lipid-poor adenomas cannot be differentiated from adrenal nonadenomas on the basis of a single mean attenuation value. However, lipid-poor adrenal adenomas show enhancement and enhancement washout features nearly identical to lipid-rich adenomas and can be distinguished from nonadenomas on the basis of a percentage washout threshold value of 60% and a relative percentage washout of 40%.
Metals and Neurotoxicology 1,2

Metals are ubiquitous and play a critical role in neurobiology. Transition metals are important because they alter the redox state of the physical environment. Biologically, transition metals catalyze redox reactions that are critical to cellular respiration, chemical detoxification, metabolism, and even neurotransmitter synthesis. Many metals are both nutrients and neurotoxicants, such as iron, zinc, copper, and manganese. Other metals, such as lead and cadmium, are metabolized similarly to these metals, particularly iron. Iron metabolism and genes that regulate iron metabolism may be the key to understandingmetaltoxicity.Finally,recentevidencedemonstratesthatearlylifeexposuresmayprogramlaterlifeandadult disease phenotypes via processes of epigenetics. Parallel work in metals demonstrates that epigenetics may be a critical
Influence of abuse on condom negotiation among Mexican-American women involved in abusive relationships.

This study explored cultural and gender perspectives of abuse on condom negotiation behaviors for AIDS prevention among Mexican-American women in abusive intimate relationships. A convenience sample of 20 abused women participated in the study. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire and audiotaped responses to a semistructured interview guide. Content analysis using QSR NUDIST was used to analyze the verbatim transcriptions of all participant interviews. The predominant category, "He always got his way," was developed in response to the content of the verbatim transcriptions. The category was further expanded to include the self-descriptive subcategories of "He beat me," "He made me feel bad," and "He forced me. " Through content analysis, a relationship between abuse by male sexual partners and condom negotiation for AIDS prevention was identified. Trustworthiness of the data collection and analysis was established through methods suggested by Lincoln and Guba.
There is insufficient evidence to recommend lens extraction as a treatment for primary open‐angle glaucoma: an evidence‐based perspective

Cataract extraction in primary open‐angle glaucoma has not been thought to provide a clinically useful or predictable decrease in IOP. This concept has now been challenged, with the opposite belief being promulgated: namely, that lens exchange should be considered as treatment for glaucoma. This revelation could bring a significant change in the glaucoma treatment paradigm.
Nutraceutical with Anti-Inflammatory Activity for the Management of Airway Remodeling in Bronchial Asthma: Kalanchoe integra Var. Crenata (Andr.) Cuf Leaf Extract

Background: Kalanchoe integra is widely used in folklore medicine as an antiasthmaticagent. Previous studies have shown the ameliorating effect of Kalanchoe integra leaf extract [KILE] on bronchial hyperesponsiveness and inflammation.Further, the stabilizing effect of Kalanchoe sp on mast cell degranulation,suggests that Kalanchoe species are suitable candidates for allergicasthma therapy. This study is designed to investigate the anti-asthmaticpotential of KILE and monitor the accompanying histopathological andimmunobiochemical changes that occur in an animal model of bronchial asthmausing ovalbumin sensitized guinea pigs. Method: Thirty male guinea pigs weredivided into five groups of six animals each. Bronchial asthma was simulated inguinea pigs using ovalbumin. Both low dose (300 mg/kg) and high dose extract(900 mg/kg) were administered daily for 42 days. Prednisolone (2.5 mg/kg) wasthe standard drug used. Results: Guinea pigs in all KILE treated groups maintained the integrity of their airwaystructures: bronchial folds and walls, alveoli, alveolar ductsand sacs. KILE and prednisolone caused a reduction in immune parameters (p 0.001), extent of bronchoconstriction, bronchialwall thickness and goblet cell accumulation in the sensitized guineapigs. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the anti-asthmatic potential of KILE duringprolonged administration by the oral route.
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: a new proposal of workup

Diagnostic criteria for monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) require quantification of bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs) and skeletal survey to discriminate between MGUS and multiple myeloma (MM). By contrast, recent published guidelines suggest that these procedures could be avoided in the presence of serum monoclonal spike (M‐spike) of small amount (≤1.5 g/dL). Aim of this study is to better quantify the risk of missing a diagnosis of MM, not performing bone marrow aspirate and skeletal survey in patients with M‐spike ≤ 1.5 g/dL asymptomatic for bone pain.
Low-complexity R-peak detection for ambulatory fetal monitoring

Non-invasive fetal health monitoring during pregnancy is becoming increasingly important because of the increasing number of high-risk pregnancies. Despite recent advances in signal-processing technology, which have enabled fetal monitoring during pregnancy using abdominal electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings, ubiquitous fetal health monitoring is still unfeasible due to the computational complexity of noise-robust solutions. In this paper, an ECG R-peak detection algorithm for ambulatory R-peak detection is proposed, as part of a fetal ECG detection algorithm. The proposed algorithm is optimized to reduce computational complexity, without reducing the R-peak detection performance compared to the existing R-peak detection schemes. Validation of the algorithm is performed on three manually annotated datasets. With a detection error rate of 0.23%, 1.32% and 9.42% on the MIT/BIH Arrhythmia and in-house maternal and fetal databases, respectively, the detection rate of the proposed algorithm is comparable to the best state-of-the-art algorithms, at a reduced computational complexity.
Psychosexual outcome of gender-dysphoric children.

OBJECTIVE To establish the psychosexual outcome of gender-dysphoric children at 16 years or older and to examine childhood characteristics related to psychosexual outcome. METHOD We studied 77 children who had been referred in childhood to our clinic because of gender dysphoria (59 boys, 18 girls; mean age 8.4 years, age range 5-12 years). In childhood, we measured the children's cross-gender identification and discomfort with their own sex and gender roles. At follow-up 10.4 +/- 3.4 years later, 54 children (mean age 18.9 years, age range 16-28 years) agreed to participate. In this group, we assessed gender dysphoria and sexual orientation. RESULTS At follow-up, 30% of the 77 participants (19 boys and 4 girls) did not respond to our recruiting letter or were not traceable; 27% (12 boys and 9 girls) were still gender dysphoric (persistence group), and 43% (desistance group: 28 boys and 5 girls) were no longer gender dysphoric. Both boys and girls in the persistence group were more extremely cross-gendered in behavior and feelings and were more likely to fulfill gender identity disorder (GID) criteria in childhood than the children in the other two groups. At follow-up, nearly all male and female participants in the persistence group reported having a homosexual or bisexual sexual orientation. In the desistance group, all of the girls and half of the boys reported having a heterosexual orientation. The other half of the boys in the desistance group had a homosexual or bisexual sexual orientation. CONCLUSIONS Most children with gender dysphoria will not remain gender dysphoric after puberty. Children with persistent GID are characterized by more extreme gender dysphoria in childhood than children with desisting gender dysphoria. With regard to sexual orientation, the most likely outcome of childhood GID is homosexuality or bisexuality.
Bilaterally symmetric form of Hirayama disease

Background: Hirayama disease (brachial monomelic amyotrophy) is a unilateral or grossly asymmetric bilateral disease. Bilaterally symmetric involvement has never been described. Methods: Based on cardinal clinical and MRI criteria, a total of 106 patients with Hirayama disease from two tertiary care hospitals of North India seen between 1992 and 2008 formed the basis of this study. All those found to have bilaterally symmetric involvement on clinical and electrophysiologic basis were evaluated for clinical, electrophysiologic, and MRI correlates other than those required for the diagnosis. Results: Eleven patients, who constituted around 10% of all the patients with Hirayama disease, were found to have bilaterally symmetric involvement. Nine of them had a history of unilateral onset. The important characteristics of this type of presentation included severe weakness and wasting in C7, C8, and T1 myotomes that frequently spilled over to C6 segment, predominant autonomic dysfunction in distal upper extremities in the form of cold paresis, cold skin, excessive sweating, and hair loss over the dorsum of the hands, and a very prominent bilateral minipolymyoclonus. MRI during complete flexion of neck showed severe flattening of lower cervical spinal cord against C5-C6 vertebral bodies and development of a crescent-shaped enhancing epidural space extending from C4 to T2 spine. Conclusion: Bilaterally symmetric Hirayama disease is a severe form of a classic disease which remains undiagnosed due to a common notion that it is a unilateral or grossly asymmetric disease. This description calls for review of the term “brachial monomelic amyotrophy” described to denote this disease.
Corporate governance reforms around the world and cross-border acquisitions

Article history: Received 17 May 2013 Received in revised form 27 May 2013 Accepted 30 May 2013 Available online 10 June 2013 This paper provides comprehensive, detailed documentation of major corporate governance reforms (CGRs) undertaken by 26 advanced and emerging economies. We investigate whether these reforms have altered investor protection (IP) and impacted corporate investments. Specifically, we estimate the CGRs' impacts on foreign acquirers' tendency to pick better performing firms in emerging markets. We argue the cherry picking is partly due to emerging countries' weaker IP than acquirer countries', predicting a positive relation between the degree of cherry picking and the gap in the strength of IP. Thus, if the CGRs strengthen IP, the gap will decrease (increase) following a CGR in a target's (acquirer's) country, moderating (intensifying) the cherry picking tendency. This is what we find when we estimate difference-in-differences in cherry picking before and after a CGR. These results not only demonstrate the important impacts the CGRs had, but also imply the IP gap between capital exporting and importing countries distorts firm-level allocation of foreign capital inflows and reduces the benefits of globalization. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. JEL classification: F21 G34 K22
A 12-month follow-up study of people with dementia referred to general hospital liaison psychiatry services.

BACKGROUND new services for patients with dementia in general hospitals are being widely developed. Little is known of outcomes after hospital for such patients. OBJECTIVE to establish outcomes for patients with dementia referred to general hospital psychiatric services. DESIGN prospective cohort study. SETTING two UK general hospitals. SUBJECTS referrals with dementia to liaison psychiatric services. METHOD eligible referrals (n = 112), and their carers, were assessed during admission, and at 6 and 12 months, using battery of health measurements. RESULTS mortality at 6 months was 31% and at 12 months 40%. At baseline, 13% lived in a care home, rising to 84% by 6 months. Quality of life scores remained stable over 12 months, while carer stress fell significantly. Baseline clinical and demographic variables did not predict quality of life or carer stress at 6 and 12 months. CONCLUSIONS dementia liaison services in general hospitals currently focus on poor outcome cases.
Perinatal outcomes in women with multiple sclerosis exposed to disease-modifying drugs

Background: The incidence of disease-modifying drug (DMD) exposure during pregnancy in multiple sclerosis (MS) is unknown and limited data exists regarding the potential harm of DMD exposure during pregnancy. Objective: To investigate the incidence and effect of in utero DMD exposure on perinatal outcomes. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis by linking two provincial, population-based databases, the British Columbia (BC) MS database with the BC Perinatal Database Registry. Delivery (duration of the second stage of labor, assisted vaginal delivery and Cesarean section) and neonatal (birth weight, gestational age, 5-minute Apgar score and congenital anomalies) outcomes were compared between women exposed and unexposed to a DMD within 1 month prior to conception and/or during pregnancy. Findings were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: In all, 311 women with relapsing–remitting MS delivered 418 singleton babies between April 1998 and March 2009. 21/101 (21%) of births to MS women treated with DMD prior to pregnancy were exposed to a DMD. In all cases, exposure was documented as unintentional and DMD treatment was stopped within 2 months of gestation. The overall incidence of exposure was 21/418 (5%). DMD exposure was associated with a trend towards a greater risk of assisted vaginal delivery compared to the DMD naïve groups (OR = 3.0; 95% CI: 1.0–9.2). All other comparisons of perinatal outcomes were unremarkable. Conclusion: The incidence of DMD exposure was relatively low and no cases were intentional. Further studies are needed to ascertain the safety of DMD exposure during pregnancy in MS.