Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Specimen Size on Cotton Lint Moisture Content by the Oven Method

Proper assessment of the moisture content (mc) of cotton lint is critical to all phases of cotton processing. Traditional methods of mc determination require multiple 20-g specimens of lint, which is more than is available on many occasions. Thus, the use of smaller specimens was considered. Cotton lint specimens of 1, 5, 10, and 20 g were taken from lots conditioned to different moisture content levels and mc determined by the oven method. Results indicated that the mean mc based on 1-g specimens was the same as that based on 20-g specimens. Based on the variance of the mc data separated by specimen size and drying time, seven 1-g specimens produced the same variance as three 20-g specimens after 1 h of oven drying. Therefore, 1-g specimens can be used for oven-based mc determination instead of 20-g specimens, consuming considerably less lint material. The procedure to determine mc based on 1-g specimens required more time and effort as well as more specimens to achieve a similar variance, so the 1-g sample procedure should only be used when material is limited.
RELA TIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS' TRAINING AND STIMULATION OF . SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS IN PRE-PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN RORET DIVISION, KENYA BY KIRUI DICKSON KIPRONOH

This study established the relationship between teachers training and stimulation of process skills in science instruction in pre-primary schools centers in Roret Division Bureti Sub County Kenya. One of the objectives for teaching science is to enable children use their knowledge and skills acquired to solve problems in every day. Achievement of this objective depends on stimulation and techniques used by teachers during science instruction. However, what have not been addressed are the circumstances of the teachers more specifically in relation to process skills stimulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between teachers training and stimulation of science process skills in pre-primary school centers in Roret Division, Buret sub-county, Kenya. The research findings of this study will be useful in evaluating preprimary school teachers training programs and how it influence teachers' ability to stimulate process skills during teaching. Quantitative data for this study was obtained through classroom observation schedule and by means of science process skills questionnaires. The target population included 86 pre-primary schoolteachers in 41 registered public and private pre-primary school centers in Roret Division. Multistage Sampling techniques were used to select study sample. Inferential statistics was the main data analysis technique that were presented in forms of percentages, frequencies, tables, and graphs respectively and subjected to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) analysis. Ethical and logistical issues pertaining to research, voluntary participation, and consent seeking was observed during the entire process of writing this report. The level of significance of acceptance or rejection of the hypotheses was set at 0.0500 level. Data generated from this study were carefully analyzed and on basis of their interpretations, it was concluded that there was no significant relationship between pre-primary schools teachers training and the extent to which they stimulate process skills of observation, classification, measurement, communication, and prediction. A significant relationship exist between teachers level of training and the extent they stimulate inferring skills among pre-primary school children . This findings has implications for policy formulation, teacher training and teaching science education in preprimary schools centers in Kenya. It was recommended that more attention be given to increasing the level of stimulation of science process skills of pre-primary school teachers' through teacher preparation programs and in-service professional development that incorporate science process skills. Quantitative research should be conducted to verify the second findings of this study.
Dimensions of the Javanese culture and the role of Parents in instilling values in creative industry entrepreneurship

This paper reveals how the sources of Javanese culture, which has been instilled by parents of children as the new generation of the successor to the family business, can act as values of sources of inspiration which shapes the behavior of entrepreneurship in the creative industry. Entrepreneurship in family businesses uses these Javanese values as the standards of the family's belief, which makes the principles as an identity that guides them in entrepreneurship and creates a way of life in the running entrepreneurialism. The method used in this research is a social constructionist, narrative and interpretive. The narrative-based research approach is done through data collection with depth interview, and non-participatory observation as well as analysis of the theme that create the methodological foundation. The ideas emerged and developed from in narrative face-to-face that became a proposition of research findings. Findings clearly indicate the relationship between Javanese cultures which is owned by parents has been the values that are believed by the second generation and this has motivated their behavior entrepreneurship, and impact the learning element of entrepreneurship, as well as orientation in entrepreneurship. The internalization of the values of Javanese culture Bapakisme (paternalism) and Rukun (harmony) have motivated the behavior of entrepreneurship when running a business relationship. Javanese cultural values implemented in the form of obedience to parents, keeping harmony, learning competitors, watching of God, sincere, assertive, fortune flows, trust, motivating, cultivation of religious values, and independent values. The research provides new insights into the culture of entrepreneurship at the local level and links the insights to the cultivation of cultural values in entrepreneurship, which is realized in everyday behavior. The construct built provides the possibility of new learning materials for the perpetrators of entrepreneurs in Indonesia, where 47% of the population of Indonesia is Javanese ethnicity.
Primary Central Nervous System Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Has Poorer Immune Cell Infiltration and Prognosis than Peripheral Counterpart

Aims: Primary central nervous system (CNS) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCNSL) is an ominous disease with poor prognosis. The brain is an immune-privileged sanctuary which may contribute to an ineffective host anti-immune response and thus poorer outcome. We, thus, attempted to study the difference in the immune composition in PCNSL and non-CNS DLBCL, and the role of the immune response in PCNSL prognosis. Methods and results: Thirty-two biopsy specimens of PCNSL and 30 specimens of low-stage non-CNS DLBCL from immunocompetent patients formed the study group. The density and distribution of immune cells, including dendritic cells (DC-LAMP and S100), effector/memory T-cells (CD45RO) and cytotoxic T-cells (granzyme B), and expression of HLA-DR by lymphoma cells were evaluated immunohistochemically. PCNSL patients showed poorer overall survival (P=0.032). Comparing the PCNSL and DLBCL biopsy specimens, the PCNSL cells showed less HLA-DR expression (P=0.003) and there were fewer S100 cells (P<0.01), and effector T cells (P=0.026) infiltrating PCNSL versus DLBCL. For PCNSL patients, fewer cytotoxic T cells in the background were a poor prognostic factor (P=0.004). Intratumoral S100-cell infiltration was positively correlated with T-cell infiltration, and a T-cell rimming pattern. A cc ep te d A rt ic le This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Conclusions: In PCNSL, the baseline anti-tumor immune response is inadequate compared with non-CNS DLBCL and this response may play a role in poorer prognosis. Adjuvant dendritic-cell and T-cell immunotherapy may further boost treatment responses in PCNSL patients.
ONSET AND OFFSET OF RECTUS FEMORIS ACTIVATION DURING DOUBLE POLING ERGOMETRY IN TWO POSITIONS: STANDING VS. SITTING

The purpose of the current study was to assess the onset and offset of Rectus Femoris (RF) activation during two different positions of Double Pole Ergometry (DPerg). Ten collegiate Nordic skiers randomly performed two peak oxygen consumption tests using the DP technique, standing and sitting. Electromyography (EMG) data were collected and the onset and offset of activation were determined using a combination of EMG and video data at three intensities: Low, Mid, and High. A Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA revealed RF onset and offset values for standing and sitting tests to be different. Post hoc comparisons revealed differences between Low and High intensities in onset and offset of muscle activation. These variations indicate that seated DPerg is not an ideal replacement for standing DPerg and athletes should use seated DPerg mindfully.
Coordinating job release dates with workdays: A job shop application to utilities field service scheduling

This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. For more information, please contact pdxscholar@pdx.edu. Recommended Citation Pelkey, Ryan Lawrence, "Coordinating Job Release Dates with Workdays: a Job Shop Application to Utilities Field Service Scheduling" (2013). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 1510.
Field evaluation of harvesting machines for tall oil palms.

Harvesting is a very important activity in any agriculture business. Cheap and efficient harvesting processes are factors that ensure good returns. Efficient mechanical harvesting of oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) remains an issue that needs to be addressed. The current methods of harvesting involve the use of a chisel or sickle, which require manual labour and is therefore tedious. As the country is facing a labour shortage in the plantation sector, the introduction of farm machinery would be one way of increasing labour productivity. This article describes the performance of two oil palm mechanical harvesting machines in the field as compared to a manual operation. The machines carried out cutting operations of the FFB, which were transported to the road side and unloaded either onto the mainline transport or to the ground. A time motion study during the cutting operation was carried out, and the quantity of detached loose fruits produced were recorded. Machine performance in terms of productivity and cost-effectiveness were also monitored. It was found that the productivity of the machines ranged from 3 to 6 t per day depending on various factors. This study also indicated that the loose fruits collection could be minimised by using the harvesting machine. A comparative study of the harvesting machines with and without grapple shows that the latter is slower, even though it is only used for cutting operation, without deposition of the bunches into the bucket. The productivity (man per day) of the complete harvesting machine was almost double, compared to manual harvesting that uses buffalo-carts for the evacuation of the FFB. However, the economic analysis shows that the cost per tonne for mechanical harvesting machine was slightly higher as compared to manual operation. It is envisaged that with the successful introduction of the mechanical harvester, opportunities for new technologies would open up for the development of more efficient and cheaper machines in the future.
Pollution and City Size: Can Cities Be Too Small?

We study the optimal and equilibrium size of cities in a city system model with environmental pollution. Pollution is related to city size through the effect of population on production, commuting, and housing consumption. With symmetric cities, if pollution is local or per capita pollution increases with population, we find that equilibrium cities are too large. When pollution is global and per capita pollution declines with city size, however, equilibrium cities may be too small. With asymmetric cities, the largest cities are too large and the smallest too small when pollution is local or per capita pollution increases with population; when pollution is global and per capita pollution decreases with population, the largest cities are too small and the smallest too large. We also calibrate the model to US cities and find that the largest cities may be undersized by 3-4%.
Effects of exopolysaccharide-producing starter cultures on physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of fermented camel's milk

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of using exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing starter cultures on physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of fermented camel milk. Four starter cultures of the strains of non-EPS and EPS-producing were combined and distribution in four treatments portions to made yoghurt from camel’s milk. Results showed that the maximum acetaldehyde and diacetyl contents were found in control treatment during 7 days storage period. The EPS concentration was detected between 41.3 to 269.3 mg/kg in the yoghurt made with non-EPS and EPS-producing starter cultures. The highest EPS concentration was observed in treatment C (1.5% EPS-producing Streptococcus thermophilus plus 1.5% non EPS-producing Lb. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus) during 14 days storage period, then reduced at the end of the storage period. Yoghurt made with any EPS-producing strains had significantly (P<0.05) lower firmness, syneresis and higher viscosity values than control yoghurt. Overall acceptability scores of the sensory evaluation revealed that the yoghurt made with EPS-producing starter cultures in treatment C was the most accepted, while the control treatment was the least. According to the results, exopolysaccharide enhance viscosity, texture and mouthfeel and to avoid syneresis in yoghurt. The results of this study suggest that the use of EPS-producing cultures could provide better textures for camel milk yoghurt than those imparted by additives.
Different Follicle-Stimulating Hormone ( FSH ) sources influence caprine preantral follicle viability and development in vitro

1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceara, Fortaleza CE, Brazil 2 Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Department of Cell Biology of University of Brasilia, Brasilia DF, Brazil Deborah de Melo MAGALHÃES1 Valdevane Rocha ARAUJO1 Isabel Bezerra Lima VERDE1 Maria Helena Tavares de MATOS1 Renata Carvalho SILVA2 Carolina Madeira LUCCI2 Sônia Nair BÁO2 Cláudio Cabral CAMPELLO1 José Ricardo de FIGUEIREDO1
Rediscovering the Solow Model: An Energy Network Approach

The present paper provides a new theory of capital accumulation and growth. While the law of motion for capital per worker is structurally identical to that of the neoclassical growth model (Solow, 1956), the underlying foundation is very different. In contrast to the Solow model, the purposed theory is based on thermodynamical principles and associations reflecting the geometrical properties of energy transporting networks. The theory predicts that in the absence of technological progress growth is ultimately limited by the capacity of networks to supply sufficient energy to support continual increases in the per capita stock of capital. We also examine the theory empirically, and find that cross country data supports its key predictions.
Serious Games for Healthcare: Applications and Implications

With advances in technologies and revolutions in patient, trainee, and public expectations, the global healthcare sector is increasingly turning to serious games to solve problems. Serious games are applications with serious purposes, developed using computer game technologies more often associated with entertainment. Serious Games for Healthcare: Applications and Implications will introduce the development and application of game technologies for health-related serious games. Further, it provides cutting-edge academic research and industry updates which will inform readers about the current and future advances in the area. Encapsulating the knowledge of commercial and noncommercial researchers, developers, and practitioners in a single volume will benefit not only the research and development community within this field, but could also serve public health interests by improving awareness and outcomes.
Microphytoplankton community and environmental variables in an urban eutrophic estuary (Capibaribe River, Northeast Brazil)

Estuaries are dynamic ecosystems with high spatial heterogeneity greatly and are influenced by seasonal and tidal cycles. This study investigated the effects of spatial, seasonal, and tidal variations on the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of water and the consequences for the structure and distribution of the microphytoplankton community in the Capibaribe River estuary (Northeast Brazil). We identified 127 microphytoplanktonic taxa, dominated by diatoms (phylum Ochrophyta), which formed 54% of the total, followed by the phyla Cyanobacteria (18%), Chlorophyta (13%), Myzozoa (7%), Euglenozoa (5%), and Charophyta (3%). We observed a significant relationship between abiotic and biotic variables. Both spatial and tidal changes affected the distribution of species and chlorophyll a because of salinity variations. The microphytoplankton species had low relative abundance. The cyanobacterium Planktothrix agardhii (G.) Anagnostidis & Komárek and diatom Cyclotella sp. were dominant during the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. Based on the seasonal distribution of the phytoplankton in our study, we suggest periodic monitoring of this area to identify the long-term effects of environmental variables on the phytoplankton. This approach is important for understanding the dynamics of P. agardhii due to its potential toxicity.
Effect of Global-GAP policy on smallholder French beans farmers climate change adaptation strategies in Kenya

This study analyzed the role of Global-GAP policy, on smallholder French beans farmers’ climate change adaptation strategies in, fruit and vegetables farming. It considered: (1) the prevailing adaptation strategies used by the farmers; (2) regional differences in the farmers’ adaptation strategies; and (3) how Global-GAP policy influence the farmers’ decisions on the use of adaptation strategies. A total of 616 French beans growing households were randomly selected from Central and Eastern regions of Kenya and data collected through semi-structured questionnaire. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and a logistic regression model were used to analyze the data. PCA results showed that, the French beans farmers’ prevailing adaptation strategies were soil conservation, water harvesting, off-farm employment, leasing out of land, changing crop variety, irrigation and livestock rearing. The common study area-wide adaptation strategies to climate change were found to be, soil conservation and leasing out land. The empirical results of the logistical model showed that, Global-GAP policy compliance significantly and positively increased the probability of the farmers to undertake changing crop variety, water harvesting, finding off-farm jobs and soil conservation as adaptation strategies to climate change. The policy implication of this study is that, government and service providers should mainstream such factors as Global-GAP compliance and regional considerations which enhance the probability of adopting adaptation strategies to climate change related projects and programmes in the smallholder fruits and vegetables farming sector. Key words: Global-GAP policy, climate change adaptation, prevailing adaptation strategies, principal component analysis, logistical regression model, smallholder farming.
Effectiveness of Cultural Parameters on the Growth and Sporulation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Causing Anthracnose Disease of Mango (Mangifera indica L.)

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing anthracnose which is a serious post harvest disease in mango accounting for 15-20% loss. The variation in nutritional and physiological characteristics among five isolates of C. gloeosporioides collected from different agro-climatic regions of India was investigated. All the isolates showed differential response in requirements of media, temperature and media pH for growth and sporulation. Malt Extract Agar (MEA) medium was best suited for growth in terms of radial mycelial diameter for all the isolates. Among the studied isolates, Cg 72 (from Maharashtra) showed more virulence and maximum sporulation (137.5×103 mL-1) at 28°C and media pH 6. Maximum growth and virulence at 28°C was observed with Cg 62 isolate. Media of pH 6 was found to be most suitable for the growth of respective isolates (s), but Cg 62 which was collected from Bihar found most virulent in this experiment.
Language of advertising in bidialectal settings: Does the code matter?

Advertisement has been defined as “a public notice [. ] promoting the sales of marketable goods and services” (Vestergaard & Schrøder, 1985:2), it entered the field of linguistics and thus it is recognized as a genre by itself. By incorporating linguistic phenomena like code-mixing, foreign language features etc, advertising becomes an interesting field of study. This paper aims at investigating (a) Greek Cypriots’ attitudes towards the ‘exploitation’ of the Greek Cypriot Dialect, Standard Modern Greek and English in local advertising; (b) the influence of the medium (oral vs. written) presenting the advertisement; (c) the subsequent effects of the stereotype reflected in the product per se (local vs. foreign). The results support earlier studies that showed preference towards the standard variety rather than the dialect (Papapavlou, 1998; Papapavlou & Sophocleous, 2009). Also, the findings bring forth evidence that linguistic varieties without a standardized writing system are mainly accepted in the oral media. On the other hand, the results do not support advertisers’ firm insistence on associating different types of products with different language codes (Pavlou, 1992, 2004). The last findings may be the consequence of former language policies that did not encourage dialect literacy (Cluver, 2000).