Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of Strong Clustering of Red K-selected Galaxies at 2 < zphot < 4 in the Hubble Deep Field-South

The clustering properties of faint KVega < 24 galaxies are measured in ultradeep J, H, and K near-IR images of the Hubble Deep Field-South (HDF-S), obtained with ISAAC at the Very Large Telescope. As a function of the K magnitude, a relatively large clustering amplitude is found up to K = 24, at a level comparable to the measurements at K ~ 19. The photometric redshift distribution of K < 24 galaxies extends to zphot ~ 4-5, and ~40% of the galaxies are at zphot > 2. At the highest redshifts, 2 < zphot < 4, galaxies selected in the rest-frame optical (K band) appear significantly more clustered than galaxy populations selected in the rest-frame UV (i.e., Lyman break galaxies [LBGs]), in a similar redshift range and with similar number densities. Galaxy clustering depends on the J-K color at 2 < zphot < 4, with the K-selected galaxies with J-K > 1.7 reaching r0 ~ 8 h-1 Mpc comoving. This is a factor of 3-4 higher than the correlation length of LBGs with similar number densities, down to V606 < 27, and is also larger than the correlation length of K-selected galaxies with blue J-K < 1.7 colors. Hence, at z ≈ 3 a color-density relation is observed that is qualitatively similar to that observed locally. Fluctuations in the amplitude of clustering due to cosmic variance may affect our estimates derived from the small HDF-S field, but these are unlikely to change our main conclusions. The galaxies with red J-K > 1.7 colors at 2 < zphot < 4 are likely older and more massive galaxies, on average, than LBGs. They were presumably formed in the highest density perturbations at early epochs. Semianalytical hierarchical models do predict the existence of strongly clustered populations at z ~ 3 but with at least a factor of 10 lower number density than the one measured. The overall properties of this strongly clustered population consistently suggest that they are the progenitors, or building blocks, of local massive early-type galaxies and z ~ 1 extremely red objects, close to their major epochs of formation.
Surgical Treatment for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Is It Effective Even for Asians?

c 2019 The Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility J Neurogastroenterol Motil, Vol. 25 No. 3 July, 2019 www.jnmjournal. org Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent disease worldwide, and its prevalence is the highest in North America (18.1-27.8%). The prevalence of GERD is low in East Asia (2.57.8%); however, it is gradually increasing in this region. Although various treatment options are available, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are still a mainstay in the management of patients with GERD. An approximately 70% healing rate and 60-90% complete symptom relief rate can be achieved by 4 weeks of PPI medication in patients with erosive reflux disease. The guidelines in the United States strongly recommend an 8-week course of PPIs as the therapy of choice for symptom relief and healing of erosive esophagitis. However, medical treatment of GERD has clinically unmet needs. First, GERD impairs patients’ quality of life and work productivity despite antireflux medications. Refractory GERD symptoms have been identified in 10-40% of patients with GERD who are treated with PPIs. The economic burden due to longterm medication is also a concern. In recent years, potential adverse events, including bone fracture, Clostridium difficile infection, pneumonia, micronutrient deficiency, dementia, and chronic kidney disease, have been suggested in patients with chronic PPI use. A study even showed that PPI administration may be related to the development of gastric cancer, although several critical biases in the study were raised. Now that more than 40 years have passed since PPIs began to be used, it is time to consider another treatment for GERD, such as antireflux surgery. In fact, Nissen fundoplication, a representative surgical treatment for GERD, is not a novel treatment. It was first performed in 1955 by Rudolph Nissen. In Nissen fundoplication, the fundus is wrapped around the lower esophagus. This procedure tightens up the valve and closes off the esophagus whenever the stomach contracts. It is now usually performed laparoscopically since laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication was first described by Dallemagne et al in 1991. The efficacy of laparoscopic antireflux surgery has been found to be comparable with that of PPIs in a multicenter randomized trial conducted in Europe. In the study, the estimated 5-year remission rate in patients who had undergone laparoscopic antireflux surgery was 85% (95% confidence interval, 81-90%). Although the study enrolled only PPI responders, longterm results are promising because most patients who had undergone surgery could discontinue medications, including PPIs. In this issue of the Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Park et al reported a multicenter prospective study on the Article: Multicenter prospective study of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease in Korea Park S, Park J, Kim J, et al (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2019;25:394-402) Surgical Treatment for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Is It Effective Even for Asians?
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Induce Intestinal Damage and Thrombotic Tendency in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite the presence of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in inflamed colon has been confirmed, the role of NETs, especially the circulating NETs, in the progression and thrombotic tendency of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains elusive. We extended our previous study to prove that NETs constitute a central component in the progression and prothrombotic state of IBD. METHODS 48 consecutive patients with IBD were studied. Acute colitis was induced by the treatment of C57BL/6 mice with 3.5% DSS in drinking water for 6 days. Peripheral blood neutrophils and sera were collected from IBD patients and murine colitis models. Exposed phosphatidylserine (PS) was analyzed with flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Procoagulant activity was evaluated using clotting time, purified coagulation complex and fibrin formation assays. RESULTS We observed higher plasma NET levels and presence of NETs in colon tissue in patients with active IBD. More importantly, NETs were induced in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-colitis and inhibition of NET release attenuated colitis as well as colitis-associated tumorigenesis. NET degradation through DNase administration decreased cytokine levels during DSS-induced colitis. In addition, DNase treatment also significantly attenuated the accelerated thrombus formation and platelet activation observed in DSS-induced colitis. NETs triggered PS-positive microparticle release and PS exposure on platelets and endothelial cells partially through TLR2 and TLR4, converting them to a procoagulant phenotype. CONCLUSIONS NETs exacerbate colon tissue damage and drive thrombotic tendency during active IBD. Strategies directed against NET formation may offer a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of IBD.
Evaluation of the Peri-Implant Bone Level around Platform-Switched Dental Implants: A Retrospective 3-Year Radiographic Study

Objective: To describe remodeling of the mesial and distal marginal bone level around platform-switched (PS) and platform-matched (PM) dental implants that were sandblasted with large grit and etched with acid over a three-year period. Materials and Methods: Digital periapical radiographs were obtained at the following time-points: during Stage I of the surgical placement of dental implants, before loading, immediately after loading (baseline), and one, three, six, 12, and 36 months after loading for measuring the horizontal and vertical marginal bone levels. Results: Sixty implants were successfully osseointegrated during the overall observation period. Vertical marginal bone levels for the PS and PM dental implants were 0.78 ± 0.77 and 0.98 ± 0.81 mm, respectively, whereas the horizontal marginal bone levels for the PS and PM implants were 0.84 ± 0.45 and 0.98 ± 0.68 mm, respectively. During the time leading up to the procedure until 36 months after the procedure, the average vertical marginal bone level resulted in less bone loss for the PS and PM groups—0.96 ± 1.28 and 0.30 ± 1.15 mm, respectively (p < 0.05). The mean levels of the horizontal marginal bone also showed increases of 0.48 ± 1.01 mm in the PS and 0.37 ± 0.77 mm in the PM groups from the time before loading until 36 months after the procedure. However, these increases were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: PS dental implants appeared to be more effective than PM implants for minimizing the mean marginal vertical and horizontal marginal bone loss during the three-year period. Regardless of which abutment connection was used, the dental implant in the present retrospective investigation exhibited minimal marginal bone remodeling, thus indicating long-term stability.
Association between the Frequency of Dining Out and the Risk of Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, and Dyslipidemia among Korean Adults

ABSTRACT This study aimed to clarify the association between the frequency of dining out and the risk of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia among Korean adults. This cross-sectional study surveyed 640 participants aged 20–69 years in Korea. Daily intake of energy, fat, protein, and cholesterol significantly increased as the frequency of dining out increased (P < .001). Energy derived from carbohydrates significantly decreased with the frequency of dining out, while that derived from fat and protein increased (P < .001). Among participants who rarely dined out, the fully adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for hyperglycemia were significantly lower at 0.35 (95% CI, 0.16–0.76). Decreased risk of being hyperglycemia among participants who rarely dined out suggests that the frequency of dining out can be related to diabetes risk.
Identification of Retinal Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease Using Optical Coherence Tomography: Recent Insights, Challenges, and Opportunities

This review will highlight recent insights into measuring retinal structure in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A growing body of evidence indicates that disturbances in retinal blood flow and structure are related to cognitive function, which can severely impair vision. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging technology that may allow researchers and physicians to gain deeper insights into retinal morphology and clarify the impact of AD on retinal health and function. Direct and noninvasive measurement of retinal morphology using OCT has provided useful diagnostic and therapeutic indications in several central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including AD, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson disease. Despite several limitations, morphology assessment in the retinal layers is a significant advancement in the understanding of ocular diseases. Nevertheless, additional studies are required to validate the use of OCT in AD and its complications in the eye.
Simple empirical analytical approximation to the Voigt profile

A simple empirical analytical approximation to the Voigt profile is proposed as a weighted sum of Lorentzian and Gaussian functions. It is prevalent in the analysis of complicated experimental spectra such as that with multibroadening mechanisms and congested or overlapped lines. The maximum errors of width, area, and peak relative to those from direct convolution of the Voigt profile are 0.01%, 0.2%, and 0.55%, respectively. The relative width error of the present approximation is smaller and its convergence of absolute strength calculation, i.e. the area under the profile, faster than for the other methods that we considered, such as Gautsch’s algorithm, which is developed by introduction of a complex probability function.
Newly depolymerized large organic N contributes directly to amino acid uptake in young maize plants.

The contribution of large molecular size organic nitrogen (N) to plant N uptake is unclear. Soils with and without maize, at three pH levels, were added (14 C, 13 C, 15 N) triple-labeled >100 kDa organic N. After 48 hours, soil and maize were sampled for bulk and compound specific isotope analysis to study the turnover in soil and plant 13 C and 15 N uptake. Mineralization of >100 kDa organic N increased with higher pH only in soil without maize. The >100 kDa organic N disappeared rapidly in soils with and without maize, but surprisingly more >100 kDa organic N derived amino acids remained in soil with than without maize - most likely in the microbial biomass. Total 15 N uptake in maize increased with higher soil pH. The organic N uptake was estimated to account for 20-30% of the total 15 N uptake. Organic N uptake was confirmed by the presence of 13 C-labeled amino acids in maize roots. The study suggests that the importance of plant organic N uptake increases when N is derived from complex molecules such as proteins compared to studies using single amino acids and that rhizosphere microorganisms increase anabolic utilization of organic N compared to microorganisms in the bulk soil. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Ferrimagnetic Vortex Nanorings-Mediated Mild Magnetic Hyperthermia Imparts Potent Immunological Effect for Treating Cancer Metastasis.

Cancer metastasis is a serious concern and a major reason of treatment failure. Herein, we have reported the development of an effective and safe nanotherapeutic strategy which can eradicate primary tumors, inhibit metastasizing to lung, and control the metastasis/growth of distant tumors. Briefly, ferrimagnetic vortex-domain iron oxide nanorings (FVIOs)-mediated mild magnetic hyperthermia caused calreticulin (CRT) expression on the 4T1 breast cancer cells. The CRT expression transmitted an "eat-me" signal and promoted phagocytic uptake of cancer cells by immune system to induce an efficient immunogenic cell death, further leading to the macrophages polarization. This mild thermotherapy promoted 88% increase of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes infiltration in distant tumors and triggered immunotherapy by effectively sensitizing tumors to the PD-L1 checkpoint blockade. The percentage of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes can be further increased from 55.4% to 64.5% after combining with PD-L1 blockade. Moreover, the combination treatment also inhibited the immunosuppressive response of anti-tumor, evidenced by significant down-regulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Our results revealed that the FVIOs-mediated mild magnetic hyperthermia can activate the host immune systems and efficiently cooperate with PD-L1 blockade to inhibit the potential metastatic spreading as well as the growth of distant tumors.
Suckler Bulls Slaughtered at 15 Months of Age: Effect of Different Production Systems on the Fatty Acid Profile and Selected Quality Characteristics of Longissimus Thoracis

The objective was to compare the quality of beef from bulls reared in typical Irish indoor systems or in novel grass-based systems. Bulls were assigned to one of the following systems: (a) grass silage plus barley-based concentrate ad libitum (CON); (b) grass silage ad libitum plus 5 kg of concentrate (SC); (c) grazed grass without supplementation (G0); (d) grazed grass plus 0.5 kg of the dietary dry matter intake as concentrate (GC) for (100 days) until slaughter (14.99 months). Carcass characteristics and pH decline were recorded. Longissimus thoracis was collected for analytical and sensory analysis. Lower carcass weight, conformation and fatness scores were found for grazing compared to CON and SC groups. CON bulls had highest intramuscular fat and lighter meat colour compared with grazing bulls. The SC meat (14 days aged) was rated higher for tenderness, texture, flavour and acceptability compared with grazing groups. CON saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid (FA) concentration was highest, conversely, omega-3 FA concentration was higher for GC compared with CON, while no differences were found in polyunsaturated FA. In conclusion, while market fatness specification was not reached by grazed grass treatments, beef eating quality was not detrimentally affected and nutritional quality was improved.
Child Maltreatment and Polyvictimization as Predictors of Intimate Partner Violence in Women From the General Population of Quebec

This study aimed to (a) evaluate the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) and revictimization among a representative sample of 1,001 women living in Quebec, Canada; (b) examine whether IPV was predicted by experiences of child maltreatment; and (c) explore the role of polyvictimization on IPV beyond the effect of any type of exposure. Results indicate the prevalence rates of lifetime IPV (10.5%), IPV over the last year (2.5%), and revictimization (7.2%). All forms of child maltreatment predicted an increased risk of IPV victimization, yet polyvictimization was related to IPV beyond the effects of specific forms of child maltreatment.
Trypanosoma brucei brucei causes a rapid and persistent influx of neutrophils in the spleen of infected mice

Trypanosomosis is a chronic parasitic infection, affecting both humans and livestock. A common hallmark of experimental murine infections is the occurrence of inflammation and the associated remodelling of the spleen compartment. The latter involves the depletion of several lymphocyte populations, the induction of T‐cell‐mediated immune suppression, and the activation of monocyte/macrophage cell populations. Here, we show that in experimental T b brucei infections in mice, these changes are accompanied by the alteration of the spleen neutrophil compartment. Indeed, mature neutrophils are rapidly recruited to the spleen, and cell numbers remain elevated during the entire infection. Following the second peak of parasitemia, the neutrophil cell influx coincides with the rapid reduction of splenic marginal zone (MZ)B and follicular (Fo)B cells, as well as CD8+ T and NK1.1+ cells, the latter encompassing both natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells. This report is the first to show a comprehensive overview of all alterations in spleen cell populations, measured with short intervals throughout the entire course of an experimental T b brucei infection. These data provide new insights into the dynamic interlinked changes in spleen cell numbers associated with trypanosomosis‐associated immunopathology.
Metal(loid)s in Cucurbita pepo in a Uranium Mining Impacted Area in Northwestern New Mexico, USA

More than 500 unreclaimed mines and associated waste sites exist on the Navajo Nation reservation as a result of uranium (U) mining from the 1940s through the 1980s. For this study, the impact of U-mine waste on a common, locally grown crop food was examined. The goal of this site-specific study was to determine metal(loid) concentration levels of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cesium (Cs), molybdenum (Mo), lead (Pb), thorium (Th), U, vanadium (V) and selenium (Se) in Cucurbita pepo Linnaeus (squash), irrigation water, and soil using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The concentrations of metal(loid)s were greatest in roots > leaves > edible fruit (p < 0.05), respectively. There were significant differences between metal(loid)s in squash crop plot usage (<5 years versus >30 years) for V (p = 0.001), As (p < 0.001), U (p = 0.002), Cs (p = 0.012), Th (p = 0.040), Mo (p = 0.047), and Cd (p = 0.042). Lead and Cd crop irrigation water concentrations exceeded the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Maximum Contaminant Levels for drinking water for those metals. Edible squash concentration levels were 0.116 mg/kg of As, 0.248 mg/kg of Pb, 0.020 mg/kg of Cd, and 0.006 mg/kg of U. Calculated human ingestion of edible squash did not exceed Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake or Tolerable Upper Limit levels from intake based solely on squash consumption. There does not appear to be a food-ingestion risk from metal(loid)s solely from consumption of squash. Safer access and emphasis on consuming regulated water was highlighted. Food intake recommendations were provided. Continued monitoring, surveillance, and further research are recommended.
Internalizing symptoms in AYA survivors of childhood cancer and matched comparisons

As the number of pediatric cancer survivors increases, so does our need to understand behavioral late effects. Prior studies show mixed results, with some noting increased emotional distress and psychiatric diagnoses in cancer survivors and others suggesting resilience. The purpose of our study was to evaluate internalizing symptoms such as anxiety and depression in young adult survivors of childhood cancer compared with matched classroom matched peers.
Assessing Appetitive Traits Among Chinese Young Adults Using the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire: Factor Structure, Gender Invariance and Latent Mean Differences, and Associations With BMI

The current study examined the factor structure, measurement reliability, measurement invariance across genders, and latent gender mean differences, of a new Chinese translation of the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire (C-AEBQ) in a Chinese young adult sample (n = 1,068, 52.57% women). The associations between the appetitive traits assessed by the AEBQ and body mass index were also explored. The previously established eight-factor model of the AEBQ was supported in the present sample. The C-AEBQ had strong measurement invariance between genders. Cronbach’s alpha estimates of the eight subscales of the C-AEBQ ranged from 0.76 to 0.97, and the test–retest reliability coefficients of the subscales ranged from 0.50 to 0.77. The C-AEBQ had adequate convergent and divergent validity, as supported by the theoretically expected correlations between C-AEBQ and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire. Furthermore, Satiety Responsiveness, Slowness in Eating, and Food Fussiness were inversely associated with body mass index. Overall, the C-AEBQ appears to be a psychometrically sound instrument as a comprehensive measure for appetitive traits for Chinese young adults.
Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of A˜9,10 nuclei

We report on quantum Monte Carlo calculations of the ground and low-lying excited states of $A=9,10$ nuclei using realistic Hamiltonians containing the Argonne $v_{18}$ two-nucleon potential alone or with one of several three-nucleon potentials, including Urbana IX and three of the new Illinois models. The calculations begin with correlated many-body wave functions that have an $\alpha$-like core and multiple p-shell nucleons, $LS$-coupled to the appropriate $(J^{\pi};T)$ quantum numbers for the state of interest. After optimization, these variational trial functions are used as input to a Green's function Monte Carlo calculation of the energy, using a constrained path algorithm. We find that the Hamiltonians that include Illinois three-nucleon potentials reproduce ten states in $^9$Li, $^9$Be, $^{10}$Be, and $^{10}$B with an rms deviation as little as 900 keV. In particular, we obtain the correct 3$^+$ ground state for $^{10}$B, whereas the Argonne $v_{18}$ alone or with Urbana IX predicts a 1$^+$ ground state. In addition, we calculate isovector and isotensor energy differences, electromagnetic moments, and one- and two-body density distributions.
Sacral nerve stimulation improves colonic inflammation mediated by autonomic‐inflammatory cytokine mechanism in rats

Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) was reported to have a therapeutic potential for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study was designed to determine effects and mechanisms of SNS on colonic inflammation of in rodent models of IBD and compare the difference among SNS, VNS, and SNS plus VNS.