Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An adaptive backhaul-aware cell range extension approach

Heterogeneous networks are considered a promising solution to address the explosive increase in wireless networks capacity demand. Due to their limited coverage, small cells offer better area spectral efficiency than macro-cells, and advanced features, such as cell range extension, aim at biasing the choice of users towards small cells. Whereas these features are designed to maximise the air interface capacity while respecting interference limitations and signal quality degradation, they do not address the backhaul constraints. The backhaul network is expected to match the number of small cells and their corresponding capacity while maintaining a minimum latency. Thus, with the advent of small cells and the help of enabling features to control inter-layer interference, the bottleneck of the wireless network is shifting from the traditional air interface towards the backhaul. In this paper, we propose an adaptive cell range extension approach that is optimised in view of the backhaul capacity and resilience as well as air interface constraints, thus, gears the traffic towards the cell that is capable of insuring an end-to-end service from the user to the core network. We use a reinforcement learning technique, whereby each small cell dynamically sets its bias value in view of the air interface and backhaul varying conditions.
A Decade of Mortality Reductions in Major Oncologic Surgery: The Impact of Centralization and Quality Improvement

Background:For more than a decade, health policy groups have recommended concentrating care for certain high-risk oncologic procedures into high-volume centers. The degree to which practice patterns and outcomes have changed over that time period is unclear. Objective:To evaluate temporal trends in the mortality and concentration of high-risk oncologic procedures. Research Design:Retrospective cohort study using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample on 93,108 adult patients undergoing pancreatectomy, esophagectomy, gastrectomy, or major lung resection for organ-specific cancers from 1997 to 2006. The main outcome measure was in-hospital mortality. Results:Risk- and volume-adjusted mortality decreased over time for all 4 procedures (P < 0.05). When hospitals were categorized into terciles of case volume, mortality gaps persisted between high- and low-volume centers in all procedures throughout the study period and did not significantly narrow over time. Patient volumes shifted toward high-volume centers over time for all procedures (P <0.001), although at the end of the study period, low-volume centers still cared for one-quarter to one-third of patients undergoing each of the studied procedures. Most of the overall improvements in mortality were attributable to decreasing mortality within volume categories as opposed to the effects of care concentration. Conclusions:Modest concentration into higher-volume centers has taken place over the past decade, but improvements within volume categories have driven most of the generalized decreases in mortality. Significant outcome gaps between high- and low-volume centers still persist; further centralization may retain the potential to lower overall mortality.
Larval Transport Modeling of Deep-Sea Invertebrates Can Aid the Search for Undiscovered Populations

Background Many deep-sea benthic animals occur in patchy distributions separated by thousands of kilometres, yet because deep-sea habitats are remote, little is known about their larval dispersal. Our novel method simulates dispersal by combining data from the Argo array of autonomous oceanographic probes, deep-sea ecological surveys, and comparative invertebrate physiology. The predicted particle tracks allow quantitative, testable predictions about the dispersal of benthic invertebrate larvae in the south-west Pacific. Principal Findings In a test case presented here, using non-feeding, non-swimming (lecithotrophic trochophore) larvae of polyplacophoran molluscs (chitons), we show that the likely dispersal pathways in a single generation are significantly shorter than the distances between the three known population centres in our study region. The large-scale density of chiton populations throughout our study region is potentially much greater than present survey data suggest, with intermediate ‘stepping stone’ populations yet to be discovered. Conclusions/Significance We present a new method that is broadly applicable to studies of the dispersal of deep-sea organisms. This test case demonstrates the power and potential applications of our new method, in generating quantitative, testable hypotheses at multiple levels to solve the mismatch between observed and expected distributions: probabilistic predictions of locations of intermediate populations, potential alternative dispersal mechanisms, and expected population genetic structure. The global Argo data have never previously been used to address benthic biology, and our method can be applied to any non-swimming larvae of the deep-sea, giving information upon dispersal corridors and population densities in habitats that remain intrinsically difficult to assess.
Assessment of IgH PCR strategies in multiple myeloma.

AIMS: To compare the ability of four commonly used PCR techniques to demonstrate clonal IgH rearrangements in multiple myeloma. METHODS: Bone marrow samples (containing a minimum of 10% plasma cells) were obtained from 127 patients with confirmed multiple myeloma. Framework 3 (Fr3) PCR was performed in all cases and the Framework 1 (Fr1f) PCR, which utilises six VH family specific primers, in 98 cases. In addition, 44 cases were assessed by Fr3, Fr1f, Framework 2 (Fr2) and Framework 1 consensus (Fr1 con) PCR techniques. JH primer selection was also assessed such that each PCR strategy was performed twice in each of the 44 cases, using the JH consensus primer (JH con) alone and then repeated with an equimolar mixture of JH con, JH3 and JH6 (JH mix). RESULTS: Clonal rearrangements were demonstrated in 71 (56%) of 127 cases with the Fr3 PCR and in 52 (53%) of 98 with the Fr1f PCR. However, by using both techniques it was possible to demonstrate clonal IgH rearrangements in 92 (75%) of 122 cases. Forty four cases were assessed by all four PCR techniques; in these cases the Fr3 and Fr1f PCRs demonstrated clonal rearrangements in 26 (59%) cases with a combined yield of 34 (77%). The Fr2 and Fr1 con PCR techniques had inferior pick up rates, demonstrating clonal rearrangements in 21 (48%) of 44 cases and a combined yield of 28 (63%). The Fr2 PCR did, however, demonstrate a clonal rearrangement in one case negative by both Fr3 and Fr1f. Two additional rearrangements were demonstrated by using JH mix; one became positive by Fr3, Fr1f and Fr2 and the other positive by Fr1f, Fr1 con and Fr2. CONCLUSIONS: By utilising both the Fr3 and Fr1f PCR techniques it is possible to demonstrate definitive clonal rearrangements in the majority of patients with multiple myeloma. The Fr1 con and Fr2 PCR techniques have inferior pick up rates but may detect some additional rearrangements.
Improvement in Lung Cancer Outcomes With Targeted Therapies: An Update for Family Physicians

In the past decade the advent of target therapy has led to a silent revolution in the treatment of lung cancer. Thanks to the specificity of their target, new tailored drugs are able to achieve a larger benefit and lower toxicity and provide better quality of life than cytotoxic drugs in a limited number of patients, selected by molecular profile. Nowadays, the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors erlotinib and gefitinib, and the anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor crizotinib, are targeted agents approved for treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. Family physicians play an important role in the treatment, detection, and management of common toxicities and in providing emotional support. Therefore this review integrates molecular profile assessment with evidence of the efficacy and toxicity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors to provide an updated overview of the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer, which radically changed after the advent of targeted therapies. It also aims to promote a more intensive and interactive collaboration between specialists and family physicians in the management of all phases of cancer care.
Periodontal status in oral mucous membrane pemphigoid: initial results of a case-control study.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the periodontal status of mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) patients and compare it with that of healthy controls. METHODS A prospective study was undertaken to examine the impact of gingival MMP lesions on the human periodontium of 29 patients. Parameters evaluated included full mouth plaque score (FMPS), full mouth bleeding upon probing scores, probing depths (PD), gingival recession, clinical attachment level (CAL), mobility score, furcation involvement, number of missing teeth and Machtei criteria. RESULTS All periodontal parameters recorded were increased in cases when compared to controls in univariate statistics. The mean differences between groups in PD (0.8±0.2mm, 95% CI 0.3-1.3), CAL (1.3±0.4mm, 95% CI 0.4-2.2), FMPS (41.0±6.2%, 95% CI 28.7-53.4), FMBS (16.2±6.6%, 95% CI 3.0-29.4) and tooth loss (2±1 teeth, 95% CI 1-3) were all statistically significant (P<0.01 for all). Substantial differences in domiciliary oral hygiene routines were observed (P<0.0001). In multivariate models when FMPS was included as covariate the difference between groups in all clinical periodontal parameters was no longer statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that periodontal status is worse in MMP patients if compared with healthy controls due to a substantial difference in oral hygiene. Oral health should be promoted in MMP.
Signal Domain in Respiratory Sound Analysis: Methods, Application and Future Development

The development of digital signal processing technology encourages researchers to develop better methods for automatic lungs sound recognition system than the existing ones. Lung sounds were originally assessed manually according to doctor's expertise. Signal processing techniques are intended to reduce subjectivity factor. Signal processing techniques for lung sound recognition are developed by researchers based on their point of view to the lung sounds. Several researchers developed signal processing methods in a time domain. Meanwhile, other researchers developed signal processing techniques in a frequency domain or combined some signal domains. This paper describes the sensor used, the dataset used and the characteristics of extraction techniques as well as the classifier in the system developed by the previous researchers. In the final section, we describe some possible development of the future potential application of lung sound analysis.
The correlation between immunohistochemical expression of MMP-2 and the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer.

OBJECTIVES The Objectives: The goal of the study was to evaluate the correlation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression with tumor spread, metastasis, survival and recurrence in early and advanced-stage Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Medical records of patients, hospitalized at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Izmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital between 2003 and 2008, were reviewed. Patient age, tumor size, localization, histologic type and tumor grade, stage, metastasis status, patient outcomes and follow-up data were obtained from the records of the obstetrics and gynecology clinic, as well as during face-to-face or telephone interviews. RESULTS The percentage of MMP-2 staining (expression) in the epithelial cells was not significantly associated with tumor stage and grade, histologic type, tumor diameter recurrence and overall survival (p > 0.05). A significant correlation was found between the percentage of MMP-2 staining (expression) and metastasis status (p < 0.05). The staining intensity of MMP-2 was not significantly associated with tumor stage and grade, diameter recurrence, metastasis and overall survival (p > 0.05), but was with histologic type (p < 0.05). Total scores were not significantly associated with tumor stage and grade, histologic type, tumor diameter recurrence, metastasis and overall survival (p > 0.05). Stromal staining (expression) of MMP-2 was not significantly correlated with tumor stage and grade, histologic type, tumor diameter and outcomes (p > 0.05), but was with recurrence and presence of metastasis (p < 0.05). No significant association was found between the overall survival and percentage of MMP-2 staining (p > 0.05), total score (p > 0.05) and staining intensity (p > 0.05). The association of disease-free survival with the percentage of MMP-2 staining (p > 0.05), total score (p > 0.05), staining intensity (p > 0.05) and stromal staining (p > 0.05) was not statistically significant. The survival of patients with positive stromal staining was significantly shorter compared to cases with negative stromal staining (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Large-scale, comprehensive research is needed to verify whether MMP 2 may be used as a routine prognostic factor for EOC.
The Early Mediterranean Village. Agency, Material Culture, and Social Change in Neolithic Italy

and Household in Early Farming Society in Greece. Amsterdam: Joh. Enschedé Amsterdam BV. ÖZDOĞAN, M. and N. BAŞGELEN, 2007. Türkiye’de Neolitik Dönem. Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları. PERLÈS, C. , 2001. The Early Neolithic in Greece: The First Farming Communities in Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. WATSON, P.J., 1979. Archaeological Ethnography in Western Iran. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
Imbalance in the game of T cells: What can the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio tell us about HIV and health?

1 William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital and the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, 2 Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, 3 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, University of WisconsinMadison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
Étude des composantes du rendement de six variétés améliorées de niébé [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]

Objectifs : Determiner les variables essentielles qui contribuent le plus a la definition du rendement chez le niebe et identifier des varietes prometteuses pour la relance de la niebe culture en Cote d’Ivoire. Methodologie et resultats : L’etude sur les composantes du rendement chez ete menee sur six varietes ameliorees introduite de l’IITA. Il s’agit de: IT86F-2014-1, IT96D-733, IT88DM-363, IT86D-400, IT83S-889, IT96D-666). L’essai a ete conduit selon un dispositif en blocs de Fisher avec 4 repetitions. Aucun traitement phytosanitaire n’a ete effectue pendant les trois mois de culture. Les donnees recueillies ont fait l’objet d’une analyse statistique a l’aide du logiciel SAS et les differentes moyennes cumulees ont ete separees par la methode de la plus petite difference significative (PPDS) au seuil de 5%. Ainsi, les six varietes ont ete classees en trois groupes de maturite. Les plus fortes correlations ont ete celles existant entre le rendement en gousses (RdtG) et le rendement en graines (RdtGr) avec un coefficient de correlation r = + 0,93 d’une part et d’autre part entre le taux d’avortement des fleurs (TAv) et le nombre de gousses par plant (NbG/Plt) avec un coefficient de correlation r = – 0,86. Quant aux dommages causes par les insectes et les nematodes galligenes, ils ont ete observes au niveau de toutes les varietes avec des degres divers de gravite. Cependant, quelques performances agronomiques et phytosanitaires ont ete observees au niveau des varietes comme IT86F-2014-1, IT88DM-363, IT86D-400 et IT96D-666 qui ont eu les meilleurs rendements de 1,87 a 2,10 t/ha, avec des niveaux d’attaques relativement parasitaires faibles. Conclusion et application : L’etude du rendement et de ses composantes a permis de mettre en evidence les performances des variables qui contribuent le plus a la realisation du rendement chez une variete de niebe. De plus, cette etude a revele qu’en general, chez le niebe, les attaques par les insectes sont tres importantes au niveau des fleurs, des gousses et des graines entre la 2e et la 4e quinzaine apres le semis. C’est donc, pendant cette periode que des methodes efficientes de lutte doivent etre engagees contre les insectes et les ravageurs de cette culture si l’on veut ameliorer le taux de nouaison des fleurs et reduire celui des avortements. Ainsi, les rendements sur la production en graines pourront etre accrus. Par consequent, avec un systeme de defense des cultures permettant une bonne maitrise des attaques parasitaires, les varietes comme IT86F- 2014-1, IT88DM-363, IT86D-400 et IT96D-733 pourraient surpasser les rendements de 1,87 t/ha a 2,10 t/ha obtenus et constituer des varietes elites pour la relance de la culture du niebe en Cote d’Ivoire. Elles peuvent etre utilisees dans les schemas de selection, de production et dans les systemes agraires. Mots-cles : Niebe, composantes, rendement, Cote d’Ivoire.
Reference Values for the Muscle Power Sprint Test in 6- to 12-Year-Old Children

Purpose: The aims of this study were (1) to develop centile reference values for anaerobic performance of Dutch children tested using the Muscle Power Sprint Test (MPST) and (2) to examine the test-retest reliability of the MPST. Methods: Children who were developing typically (178 boys and 201 girls) and aged 6 to 12 years (mean = 8.9 years) were recruited. The MPST was administered to 379 children, and test-retest reliability was examined in 47 children. MPST scores were transformed into centile curves, which were created using generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape. Results: Height-related reference curves were created for both genders. Excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.98) test-retest reliability was demonstrated. Conclusions: The reference values for the MPST of children who are developing typically and aged 6 to 12 years can serve as a clinical standard in pediatric physical therapy practice. The MPST is a reliable and practical method for determining anaerobic performance in children.
The Effects of Gamification on Driver Behavior: An Example from a Free Float Carsharing Service

It has been argued that information systems have the potential to support the pursuit of becoming more environmentally sustainable. The majority of studies in green IS has been focused on investigating the organizational level. Accordingly, the proportion of studies pertaining to green IS used by individuals in comparison has been neglected and only recently garnered more interest in research. Thus, to add to this increasing interest field, our research aims at expanding the knowledge of green IS on an individual’s level by examining how a gamified information system can change customers’ behavior towards an improved level of personal environmental sustainability. More specifically we are proposing an international field experiment in cooperation with a leading carsharing service to study whether the application of gamification during car rides can lead to effects which decrease CO2 emission caused by driving behavior of individual drivers. Furthermore, we suggest the application of Self-Determination Theory to explain behavioral change induced by gamification.
Unfavourable impact of growth hormone (GH) discontinuation on body composition and cholesterol profiles after the completion of height growth in GH‐deficient young adults

Aim: Growth hormone (GH) plays an important role in the regulation of body composition and metabolism. GH deficiency is associated with obesity and hypercholesterolemia, which respond to GH treatment. In this study we evaluated changes in body composition and cholesterol profiles after discontinuation of GH therapy to assess atherogenic risk factors in GH‐deficient patients.
HYPOVOLEMIA DOES NOT AFFECT SPEED OF ISOVOLUMIC LEFT VENTRICULAR CONTRACTION AND RELAXATION IN EXCISED CANINE HEART

Hypovolemia results in hypotension due to a decrease in left ventricular (LV) stroke volume. We have showed a logistic relaxation time constant (&tgr;L) that is a superior lusitropic index during the LV pressure (LVP) falling phase independent of LV preload compared with the conventional monoexponential relaxation time constant (&tgr;E). In the present study, we investigated the effect of decreasing LV preload on &tgr;L and &tgr;E during the LV contraction and other relaxation phases. The isovolumic LVP curve was analyzed at LV Volumes (LVVs) of 18, 14, and 10 mL during 2-Hz pacing in seven excised, cross-circulated canine hearts. &tgr;L and &tgr;E were evaluated using logistic and monoexponential analyses of the four phases of the cardiac cycle: the period from the onset to the maximum time derivative of LVP (LV dP/dtmax), from LV dP/dtmax to peak LVP, from peak LVP to the minimum time derivative of LVP (LV dP/dtmin), and from LV dP/dtmin to LV end-diastolic pressure. &tgr;L and &tgr;E during the four phases did not change significantly with the decrease in LVV. During the change in LVV, the logistic function always fit significantly better compared with the monoexponential function. In conclusion, hypovolemia does not affect the speed of isovolumic LV contraction and relaxation. Each phase of the LVP curve is of a logistic nature. &tgr;L is as a useful index for estimation of the speed of alteration during each phase of cardiac systole and diastole.
Search and Active Learning With Correlated Information: Empirical Evidence from Mid-Atlantic Clam Fishermen

This paper examines search with active learning and correlated information. We first develop a simple model to show how correlation affects the decision to acquire information. A unique data set on fishing site choice by mid-Atlantic clam fishermen is used to test the model predictions. Results find that clam fishermen search new sites when the catch at familiar sites declines, i.e., when the opportunity cost of gathering information is low, but also when catch at familiar sites is on the rise. Search following a catch decline occurs at spatially distant sites whereas search following a catch increase occurs at nearby sites. Correlated learning is crucial for explaining the site choice patterns in our data. These results provide new insights that may extend to a variety of economic search problems where correlated learning is important.