Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Impact of Pull Request Decisions on Future Contributions

The pull-based development process has become prevalent on platforms such as GitHub as a form of distributed software development. Potential contributors can create and submit a set of changes to a software project through pull requests. These changes can be accepted, discussed or rejected by the maintainers of the software project, and can influence further contribution proposals. As such, it is important to examine the practices that encourage contributors to a project to submit pull requests. Specifically, we consider the impact of prior pull requests on the acceptance or rejection of subsequent pull requests. We also consider the potential effect of rejecting or ignoring pull requests on further contributions. In this preliminary research, we study three large projects on \textsf{GitHub}, using pull request data obtained through the \textsf{GitHub} API, and we perform empirical analyses to investigate the above questions. Our results show that continued contribution to a project is correlated with higher pull request acceptance rates and that pull request rejections lead to fewer future contributions.
Dielectric properties of rubber wood at microwave frequencies measured with an open-ended coaxial line

Dielectric properties of rubber wood were studied at different microwave frequencies, structural directions, and moisture contents using an open-ended coaxial probe. Frequencies used for this study were 1.00, 2.45, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 14.0, and 17.0 GHz; and the measurements were carried out at a room temperature of 22-24°C. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor were found to increase continuously as the moisture content increased. A sharp rise in the dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor was obtained at high moisture content, and the trends became concave upward. As the frequency increased, the dielectric constant decreased, whereas the dielectric loss factor increased. The dielectric loss factor remained almost constant above the frequency of 6 GHz for all structural directions. Fourth-order polynomial equations were found suitable for the best fit curve. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor of oven-dry wood were higher in the longitudinal direction than in the radial and tangential directions. With respect to frequency, the dielectric loss factor exhibited a peak value around 10 GHz. The dielectric anisotropy of wood may be attributed to the microscopic and macroscopic molecular structures as well as to chemical constituents of wood.
Development of insect-resistant cotton lines with targeted expression of insecticidal gene

In order to address biosafety concerns regarding the constitutive expression of foreign genes in crops, we applied a strategy aimed at confining foreign gene expression in insect wounding sites of cotton. For this purpose, a plant expression construct was designed by cloning the AoPR1 promoter (pathogenesis-related protein gene isolated from Asparagus officinalis ) upstream from the insecticidal gene c ry1Ac . The Turkish cotton cultivar cv. STN-468 was transformed using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 containing the recombinant binary vector pRD400 harboring c ry1Ac under a wound-inducible promoter. The neomycin phosphotransferase ( nptII ) gene was used as a selectable marker at a concentration of 100 mg/L. The primary transformants were analyzed for T-DNA integration and expression using standard molecular approaches. The efficacy of insecticidal gene control of the AoPR1 promoter was investigated using leaf bioassays with 2 nd instar larvae of Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera littoralis . Positive primary transformants from T 0 progeny were further raised under greenhouse conditions to obtain progeny (T 1 ). The introduced gene was properly inherited and expressed in T 1 progeny. The mechanical wounding of plants resulted in increased cry1Ac protein levels during 0-48 h of the wounding period. The transgenic lines exhibited appreciable levels of resistance against targeted insect pests in the leaf bioassays. The use of a wound-inducible promoter to drive insecticidal gene expression is a valuable insect resistant management strategy as gene expression will remain limited to the insect biting sites of plant and crop, food and environmental concerns can be minimized. DOI: 10.2298/ABS151012063B Key words : cotton modification; cry toxin; confined expression; insecticidal gene Accepted: October 12, 2015; Revised: October 27, 2015; Accepted: November 4, 2015; Published online: August 2, 2016 How to cite this article: Bakhsh A, Anayol E, Khabbazi SD, Karakoc OC, Sancak C, Ozcan S. Development of insect-resistant cotton lines with targeted expression of insecticidal gene. Arch Biol Sci. 2016;68(4):773-80.
Viable Seed Recovered from Fecal Pellets of Sheep and Deer.

T HE role of many animals as agents in the dissemination of plants is well established. Not’ only do animals spread plants by attachment of plant parts to their bodies, but also by ingestion at one location and discharge at another. The purpose of this study was to determine the kinds of seed that were viable after passage through sheep and deer grazing under range conditions on the Hopland Field Station, Mendocino County, California. The Station is owned and operated by the L-niversit,y of California as a range sheep experimental area. The vegetational types on the Station are mostly oak-woodland, annual grass, chamise, and small areas of mixed brush and dense oak. Precipitation is between 40 and 50 inches per year and falls during the winter. There is practically none from June to October.
Dialectical Behavior Therapy as a Possible Treatment Modality for Schizophrenia

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy as an additional treatment modality for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia affects approximately 1% of the world’s population and most of the individuals diagnosed with it never fully recover. Due to the severity of this disorder, it is important to discover effective treatment modalities that could aid in symptom management, such as dialectical behavior therapy. Some articles used in this review describe background information on schizophrenia and dialectical behavior therapy; the other articles describe primary research conducted using dialectical behavior therapy. This paper explains the symptoms and current treatment for schizophrenia. Likewise, dialectical behavior therapy is explained through its incorporation of the ideas of acceptance and change by using specific stages of treatment, modes of treatment, and skills training. Dialectical behavior therapy studies of an experimental or quasi-experimental nature are examined to evaluate its effectiveness on the following disorders: borderline personality disorder, substance abuse, suicidal ideation, eating disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, bipolar disorder, and antisocial personality disorder. Using the conclusions gathered from these studies, dialectical behavior therapy is proposed as a possible treatment option for those who suffer from schizophrenia.
Influence of sand topdressing on bermudagrass thatch decomposition

vi CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW . 1 Thatch Characteristics . 1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Thatch.1 Turfgrass Species and Thatching Tendency . 2 Nitrogen Effects on Thatch Accumulation . 3 Thatch Decomposition . 5 Methods for Reducing Thatch . 6 Nutritional and Chemical Effects on Thatch Accumulation . 7 Methods for Thatch Measurement . 9 Literature Cited . 9 CHAPTER 2 THATCH DECOMPOSITION OF TWO BERMUDAGRASS CULTIVARS . 12 Introduction . 12 Materials and Methods . 13 Field Experiment . 14 Data Collected . 15 Thatch Chamber Experiments . 16 Temperature and Relative Humidity Chamber Experiment . 16 Wetting and Drying Cycle Experiment . 18 Data Analysis . 19 Results . 19 Effects of Wetting and Drying Cycles on Thatch Decomposition . 29 Discussion . 31 Conclusion . 35 Literature Cited . 36 APPENDIX: ENVIRONMENTAL DATA . 39 VITA.41
Transitions among Mariana-, Japan-, Cordillera- and Alaska-type arc systems and their final juxtapositions leading to accretionary and collisional orogenesis

Abstract ‘Arc system’ is used here as a collective term for a variety of arcs that occur along continental margins or in oceanic plates; it includes associated units from adjacent plates. Four major arc systems (Mariana-, Japan-, Cordillera- and Alaska-type) can be distinguished along the Circum-Pacific region. Some Japan-type arc systems in ancient orogens (e.g. the Altaids) may have been largely regarded as microcontinents because they have so-called Precambrian basement. Often the Cordillera-type arc systems can be very complicated, and if they are rifted away from the host continent they become more difficult to recognize. Commonly these arc systems interact mutually and with continental marginal sequences, leading to complicated accretionary and collisional orogens. The alternation between Western Pacific archipelagos and the Eastern Pacific active margin is the stereotype of accretionary and collisional orogenesis. More importantly, these four main types of arc systems can be juxtaposed into a final orogenic collage, which is another main expression of accretionary orogenesis. Only some parts of accretionary and collisional orogens can be terminated by attachment of a continent-size craton such as Tarim or even India, and even so the accretionary and collisional processes may continue elsewhere along strike. The significance of the interactions among these arc systems and their final juxtaposition has not been fully appreciated in ancient orogens. The Altaids together with the Circum-Pacific orogens offers a good opportunity to study such accretionary–collisional orogenesis.
Reproductive performance of sows selected for divergent social genetic effects for growth

Social genetic effects (SGE) are genetic effects of an individual that affect the phenotype of its social partners. We determined the reproductive consequences of selection for SGE on growth in pigs. To investigate the influence of social genetic effects on growth, gilts were divided into two groups based on their estimated SGE: positive SGE sows (+SGE) and negative SGE sows (-SGE). At the time of selection, gilts were contemporaries and similarly managed. We recorded the reproductive performance of the two groups based on parity until culling. Reproductive performance included the total number of piglets born (TNB), number of piglets born alive (NBA), average piglet birth weight (BW), coefficient of variation for birth weight (CVBW), age at first farrowing (AFF), weaning to estrus interval (WEI), and gestation length (GL). TNB was 0.5 higher for +SGE sows (13.8) than for -SGE sows (P = 0.03, SEM = 0.06), and NBA exhibited a higher tendency in +SGE sows (P = 0.07, SEM = 0.06). Positive SGE for growth was expressed at an earlier AFF (P = 0.04, SEM = 1.10), and shorter WEI (P < 0.01, SEM = 0.08) and GL (P = 0.03, SEM = 0.03). Collectively, the results of this study highlight the opportunities to improve litter size, the age at first farrowing, gestation length, and weaning to estrus interval using SGE.
HOMICIDE AND SUICIDE IN THE ELDERLY: DATA FROM AYDIN

Girifl: ‹stismar›n en kabul edilemez flekli olan cinayet özellikle kendilerini savunamayacak düzeyde olan yafll›lar aras›nda artmaktad›r. Bunun yan›nda, aile ve toplum deste¤i olmayan yafll›lar kendi canlar›na k›ymaktad›r. Özellikle intihar ve cinayet kaynakl› ölümler, önlenebilir olmalar› nedeniyle 65 yafl üstü bireyler aç›s›ndan çok önemlidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ayd›n’da 01.01. 2003-31.12. 2007 y›llar› aras›nda yap›lan, 65 yafl ve üzerindeki tüm olgular›n otopsi kay›tlar› incelenmifl, cinayet ve intihar orijinli 148 olgunun bulgular› de¤erlendirilmifltir. Bulgular: Befl y›ll›k süreç içinde yap›lan 1347 otopsinin %10.9’u (148) yafll›lard›r. Bu olgular›n %11.5 intihar, %7.4 cinayet olarak saptanm›flt›r. Cinayet orijinli yafll› kad›nlar›n %50’sinin ölüm nedeni a¤›z-burun t›kanmas›d›r. Bu olgular›n yayg›n özellikleri; yaln›z yaflamalar›, failin meçhul olmas› ve çürümüfl olarak bulunmalar›d›r. ‹ntihar olgular›ndan 13’ü ilaç tedavisi almaktayd›. ‹ki psikiyatrik tedavi alan olgu daha önceden intihar girifliminde bulunmufltur. ‹ntihar orijinli olgular›n üç kad›ndan ikisi ve 14 erkekten alt›s› as› yöntemini kullanm›flt›r. Cinayet ve intihar orijinli olgular›n %64.3’ü evlerinde ölü olarak bulunmufllard›r. Sonuç: Cinayet ve intiharlara neden olabilen sosyal ve psikolojik destek yoksunlu¤u gün geçtikçe artmaktad›r. Anahtar Sözcükler: Yafll›; Cinayet; ‹ntihar; Otopsi. ABSTRACT
Ethnoveterinary knowledge of Raikas of Marwar for nomadic pastoralism

The paper describes the local knowledge and its associated skills, practices, beliefs and social practices pertaining to healthcare and healthful husbandry of sheep by Raikas a nomadic livestock rearing group from Marwar region of Rajasthan. According to the perceptions of the Raika, the most common sheep diseases and problems includes Gogla (bottle neck), Fatgiya (enterotoxemia), Khurpak (foot and mouth disease), Mata (sheep pox), Thakla, Haldariya (haematuria), Nimji (orf) and Sindura (pneumonia, or other respiratory diseases). The majority of ethanoveterinary practices for the treatment of these diseases include use of local plants and shrubs, local spices and condiments, local antiseptics and offering prayers to local deity.
Allelopathic evaluation of shared invasive plants and weeds of Pakistan and Japan for environmental risk assessment.

In an investigation, three dimensional assessments have been made to evaluate allelopathic potential of 38 shared invasive plants and weeds of Pakistan and Japan originated from 5 continents, carried out at Plant Chemical Ecology Laboratory at National Institute of Agro-Environmental Science, Japan from January 2008 to March 2009. The plant species under investigation have been tested by subjecting their root exudates, leaf litter and volatiles through application of Plant box, Sandwich and Dish pack methods. The results obtained from all 3 different methods have been statistically analyzed and the mean, standard deviation (SD) and SD variance (SDV) has been calculated to determine the inhibition pattern of radicals growth of the lettuce seedlings for environmental risk assessment. According to results, as a whole Melilotus officinalis appeared to be the most noxious species among all due to maximum inhibition effect shown on the radical growth of Lactuca sativa followed by Melilotus alba, Datura stramonium and Mirabilis jalapa. While Rumex crispus, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex conglomerates and Trifolium pratense have shown minimum inhibition effect. The results presented can be utilized as benchmark information for further joint research on the elucidation of chemicals involved in the allelopathy in nature. The information obtained can also be helpful in the development of new and potent bioactive chemicals from natural products to combat environmental risk.
A Longitudinal Study of the Evolution of Working Memory amongst Interpreting and Translation Students at the FTI, University of Geneva

This study developed and tested the idea that training in simultaneous interpreting leads to the working memory advantage generally observed among interpreters. Answering the question of the working memory advantage possessed by interpreters, and its causal link with interpreting training, is of fundamental importance in the study of simultaneous interpreting. Very few studies in the field have been able to carry out a longitudinal study to test the evolution of working memory in interpreters. We conducted a longitudinal study consisting of two sessions of experiments designed to test working memory, in interpreting students at the University of Geneva and in a control group of translation students. Contrary to our expectations we did not observe significant changes in either test group, nor the expected working memory advantage. The results of our experiments, possible reasons for the unexpected outcome and areas to focus on in the future are discussed.
Developing A Digital Contents Valuing Model: How Users Appreciate Their Values

The principal objective of this paper was to propose and verify a digital content valuing model, which is expected to perform a significant role in future research, and provide novel and practical implications. For the efficacy of a model for the evaluation of digital content value, this study reviewed digital content value and categorized it into intrinsic, interaction, and business value. Based on the research model, we attempted to identify and assess the effects of intrinsic digital content value on digital content interaction value, and to characterize the relationship between digital content interaction value and digital content business value. Consequently, this study finds strong interrelations among different types of values and these interactions lead a value addition to digital content usage. We hope that the proposed valuing model of digital contents will prove useful and provide further research insights, and will also increase our understanding of digital content valuing process.
Water-Exit Process Modeling and Added-Mass Calculation of the Submarine-Launched Missile

Abstract In the process that the submarine-launched missile exits the water, there is the complex fluid solid coupling phenomenon. Therefore, it is difficult to establish the accurate water-exit dynamic model. In the paper, according to the characteristics of the water-exit motion, based on the traditional method of added mass, considering the added mass changing rate, the water-exit dynamic model is established. And with help of the CFX fluid simulation software, a new calculation method of the added mass that is suit for submarine-launched missile is proposed, which can effectively solve the problem of fluid solid coupling in modeling process. Then by the new calculation method, the change law of the added mass in water-exit process of the missile is obtained. In simulated analysis, for the water-exit process of the missile, by comparing the results of the numerical simulation and the calculation of theoretical model, the effectiveness of the new added mass calculation method and the accuracy of the water-exit dynamic model that considers the added mass changing rate are verified.
Assessment of agricultural utilization of bottom sediments from the Besko reservoir

The research aimed at an assessment of physical and chemical properties of bottom sediments of the Besko reservoir located on the river Wislok (Świetokrzyskie Voivodeship) for their agricultural applications. Studied bottom sediment revealed a considerable proportion of clay fractions in its composition, alkaline reaction, good sorption and buffering properties, therefore it may be used as a supplement to light acid soils to improve their productivity. While using the bottom sediment for plant cultivation, supplementary mineral fertilization should be applied because of its low content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Slightly elevated concentrations of some heavy metals do not prevent agricultural management of the sediment taken from strongly shallowed zones of the reservoir.
A Method to Extract Social Representations from Linguistic Corpora

A new method id presented, which enables extracting the pattern of social representations of an object from corpora in natural language“about”this object. Interrogation of a source of common knowledge (a representative sample of a population, a dictionary, a set of articles or books), yields a corpus of linguistic statements concerning the object. The corpus is then processed with a software that breaks up the corpus into statements (e. g.: sentences), and then makes a classification of those statements, on the basis of co-occurrence of lexical traits. Each class is considered as a basic nucleus of the representation, characterised by typical traits. Demonstration of the method is presented on two corpuses about“eating”, (1) coming from a survey using the free association technique on a 2000 sample representative of the French population, (2) 544 definitions of synonyms and analogues of“to eat”from a large dictionary.
International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2012

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) has produced a wealth of data on Earth gravity, hydrology, glaciology and climate research. To continue that data after the imminent end of the GRACE mission, a followon mission is planned to be launched in 2017, as a joint USGerman project with a smaller Australian contribution. The satellites will be essentially rebuilt as they were for GRACE using microwave ranging as the primary instrument for measuring changes of the intersatellite distance. In addition and in contrast to the original GRACE mission, a Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI, previously also called ‘Laser Ranging Instrument’) will be included as a technology demonstrator, which will operate together with the microwave ranging and supply a complimentary set of ranging data with lower noise, and new data on the relative alignment between the spacecraft. The LRI aims for a noise level of 80 nm/ √ Hz over a distance of up to 270 km and will be the first intersatellite laser ranging interferometer. It shares many technologies with LISA-like gravitational wave observatories. This paper describes the optical architecture including the mechanisms to handle pointing jitter, the main noise sources and their mitigation, and initial laboratory breadboard experiments at AEI Hannover.
Repetitive Finger Movement, Buttoning and Purdue Pegboard Tasks in People with Parkinson’s Disease

Studies have shown repetitive finger movement performance in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) may be rate dependent. When performing acoustically cued repetitive finger movements at rates near to and above 2 Hz, they exhibit increased movement rate, reduced movement amplitude, and loss of phase accompanied by frequent hesitations. The relationship between this movement deficit and functional fine motor tasks in people with PD is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine if people with PD who demonstrate repetitive finger movement impairment at rates near to and above 2 Hz perform worse on a buttoning task and a Purdue pegboard task compared to those who do not demonstrate repetitive finger movement impairment at rates near to and above 2 Hz. Fortyeight participants with PD completed an acoustically cued repetitive finger movement task, incrementing from a rate of 1 Hz to 3 Hz in 0.25 Hz. Movement rate and movement amplitude were compared to participants’ performance at 1 Hz and 1.25 Hz, respectively. Participants with PD were divided into groups based upon changes in movement rate and movement amplitude at rates near to and above 2 Hz. Participants also completed a buttoning and Purdue pegboard assembly task. Buttoning and Purdue pegboard performance was compared between groups. For movement rate, there were no significant differences between the fast rate group (moved faster than the tone at rates near to and above 2 Hz) and the normal group (those that were within 2 SD of the tone rate) on the buttoning and Purdue Pegboard tasks. Similarly, there were no significant differences between subgroups for movement amplitude alone on the functional tasks. This study demonstrated that changes in movement rate and movement