Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Semantic service description framework for efficient service discovery and composition

Web services have been widely adopted as a new distributed system technology by industries in the areas of, enterprise application integration, business process management, and virtual organisation. However, lack of semantics in current Web services standards has been a major barrier in the further improvement of service discovery and composition. For the last decade, Semantic Web Services have become an important research topic to enrich the semantics of Web services. The key objective of Semantic Web Services is to achieve automatic/semi-automatic Web service discovery, invocation, and composition. There are several existing semantic Web service description frameworks, such as, OWL-S, WSDL-S, and WSMF. However, existing frameworks have several issues, such as insufficient service usage context information, precisely specified requirements needed to locate services, lacking information about inter-service relationships, and insufficient/incomplete information handling, make the process of service discovery and composition not as efficient as it should be. To address these problems, a context-based semantic service description framework is proposed in this thesis. This framework focuses on not only capabilities of Web services, but also the usage context information of Web services, which we consider as an important factor in efficient service discovery and composition. Based on this framework, an enhanced service discovery mechanism is proposed. It gives service users more flexibility to search for services in more natural ways rather than only by technical specifications of required services. The service discovery mechanism also demonstrates how the features provided by the framework can facilitate the service discovery and composition processes. Together with the framework, a transformation method is provided to transform exiting service descriptions into the new framework based descriptions. The framework is evaluated through a scenario based analysis in comparison with OWL-S and a prototype based performance evaluation in terms of query response time, the precision and recall ratio, and system scalability.
Estado nutricional do mamoeiro Formosa (cv. Caliman 01) em função de adubação com NK e espaçamento de plantio

No Brasil, ainda nao se conhece adequadamente as exigencias nutricionais do mamoeiro, havendo a necessidade de mais pesquisas sobre o manejo da adubacao mineral. Objetivou-se avaliar o estado nutricional do mamoeiro em funcao de espacamento e adubacao com NK em cobertura. O experimento foi desenvolvido na area experimental da Universidade Federal do Piaui, Campus Prof.a Cinobelina Elvas, Bom Jesus-PI, no periodo de 30/11/2011 a 30/11/2012. Adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 x 4 x 4, correspondentes a: i) espacamento de plantio (simples e duplo) doses de N (0,320, 0,400, 0,480 e 0,560 kg m-2) e iii) doses de K2O (0,380, 0,475, 0,570 e 0,665 kg m-2), com quatro repeticoes e tres plantas por parcela. Avaliou-se os teores de macronutrientes na materia seca foliar das plantas de mamoeiro Formosa cv. Caliman 01. Ha influencia do espacamento e adubacao com NK nas concentracoes foliares de macronutrientes, com superioridade do espacamento duplo em relacao ao simples. Para adequado estado nutricional do mamoeiro Formosa cv. Caliman 01, cultivado em espacamento simples, recomenda-se a aplicacao de 400 g planta-1 de nitrogenio em associacao com 440 g planta-1 de potassio, enquanto que, para o espacamento duplo, recomenda-se 320 g planta-1 de nitrogenio em associacao com 440 g planta-1 de potassio em cobertura.
Magnification rate of digital panoramic radiographs and its effectiveness for pre-operative assessment of dental implants.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy and effectiveness of digital panoramic radiographs for pre-operative assessment of dental implants. METHODS We selected 86 patients (221 implants) and calculated the length of the planned implant based on the distance between a selection of critical anatomical structures and the alveolar crest using the scaling tools provided in the digital panoramic system. We analysed the magnification rate and the difference between the actual inserted implant length and planned implant length according to the location of the implant placement and the clarity of anatomical structures seen in the panoramic radiographs. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the planned implant length and actual inserted implant length (P > 0.05). The magnification rate of the width and length of the inserted implants, seen in the digital panoramic radiographs, was 127.28 ± 13.47% and 128.22 ± 4.17%, respectively. The magnification rate of the implant width was largest in the mandibular anterior part and there was a significant difference in the magnification rate of the length of implants between the maxilla and the mandible (P < 0.05). When the clarity of anatomical structures seen in the panoramic radiographs is low, the magnification rate of the width of the inserted implants is significantly higher (P < 0.05), but there is no significant difference between the planned implant length and actual inserted implant length according to the clarity of anatomical structures (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Digital panoramic radiography can be considered a simple, readily available and considerably accurate pre-operative assessment tool in the vertical dimension for dental implant therapy.
Real Wages and Labour Productivity in Britain and Germany, 1871-1938: A Unified Approach to the International Comparison of Living Standards

Throughout the period 1871-1938, the average British worker was better off than the average German worker, but there were significant differences between major sectors. For the aggregate economy, the real wage gap was about the same as the labour productivity gap, but again there were important sectoral differences. Compared to their productivity, German industrial workers were poorly paid, whereas German agricultural and service sector employees were overpaid. This affected the competitiveness of the two countries in these sectors. There were also impor-tant differences in comparative real wages by skill level, affecting the extent of poverty.
OSTEOPOROSIS HEALTH BELIEF, KNOWLEDGE LEVEL AND RISK FACTORS IN INDIVIDUALS WHOSE BONE MINERAL DENSITY WAS REQUIRED

Aim: This descriptive-relational study aims to identify osteoporosis health belief, knowledge level and risk factors in individuals whose bone mineral density was required. Method : Target population of the study was 110 men and 126 women aged 35 and over, who applied to Ataturk University Aziziye - Yakutiye Research Hospital Nuclear Medicine Center Bone Densitometer Unit between January 2010 and October 2010. No sampling was performed, the whole target population was involved in the study. Data were collected through the Personal Information Form that included socio-demographic features, The Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale, the Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale and the Osteoporosis Knowledge Test. Results: The Osteoporosis Health Belief score of the participants was 139.99±14.79, Osteoporosis Knowledge score was 10.06±4.30, and Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy score was 742.00±213.44. Among Osteoporosis health beliefs, women’s Susceptibility, Seriousness, Barriers of Exercise, and Barriers of Calcium mean scores were found to be higher than those of men (p<0.001). Men’s Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy scale and sub-dimensions mean scores were found to be higher in comparison to women (p<0.001). DEXA analysis results show that 57.1% of the women and 27.3% of the men were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Conclusion: According to the Logistic regression analysis that aimed to identify the risk factors having roles in Osteoporosis diagnosis, the affecting risk factors were gender, age, and medicine use. As for women, logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors were education level – being illiterate, medicine use, osteoporosis story in family, and 4 or more deliveries.
Dislocation of the shoulder with significant fracture of the glenoid.

CASE 1. A twenty-three-year-old medical student was seen complaining of a recurrent dislocation of his right shoulder of five years’ duration. The initial injury followed a fall on the point of the shoulder with the arm at his side. He was able to reduce the dislocation himself. Despite a short period of immobilization. the shoulder had recurrently dislocated with trivial injury. Roentgenograms of his shoulder revealed a displaced anterior glenoid fragment best seen in the axillary lateral roentgenogram (Figs. 2-A and 2-B). Surgical exploration revealed the capsule to be firmly attached to the displaced fragment which in turn was adherent to the scapular neck by fibrous tissue. The fragment was easily elevated and advanced to its original position. After fixation with a screw, the shoulder could not be dislocated. To supplement this repair, a Putti-Piatt procedure was performed. After four weeks of immobilization, the patient suffered no further dislocations.
Metabolic Cost, Mechanical Work, and Efficiency During Normal Walking in Obese and Normal-Weight Children

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influence of childhood obesity on energetic cost during normal walking and to determine if obese children choose a walking strategy optimizing their gait pattern. Method: Sixteen obese children with no functional abnormalities were matched by age and gender with 16 normal-weight children. All participants were asked to walk along a nearly circular track 30 m in length at a self-selected speed. Spatiotemporal data, kinematics, and ground reaction force were collected during walking using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Metabolic cost was collected by a portable gas analyzer simultaneously. Results: The mechanical energy expenditure (MEE) was 72.7% higher in obese children than in normal-weight children. The net metabolic cost was 65.7% higher in obese children. No difference was found in the metabolic rate (J·kg− 1·m− 1), normalized MEE (J·kg− 1·m− 1) and mechanical efficiency between the obese and normal-weight groups. The obese children walked with a 0.15 m/s slower walking speed, 10.0% shorter cadence, and 30.9% longer double-support phase compared with normal-weight children. In addition, no differences were found in the mediolateral and vertical body center of mass displacement. Conclusion: Body mass played a dominant role in the total metabolic and mechanical cost per stride. Obese children may adopt a walking strategy to avoid an increase in the metabolic cost and the mechanical work required to move their excess body mass.
Validation and evaluation of serological correlates of protection for inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine in children aged 6-35 months

ABSTRACT Background: A primary goal of this study was to establish the serological mechanistic correlate of protection (mCoP) for an inactivated Enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccine.Methods: We used the Prentice criterion framework and scaled logit model to explore the relationship between the neutralizing antibody (NTAb) and EV71-associated disease, and to build a protection curve for estimating the efficacy of EV71 vaccine. Data of NTAb at day 56 post-vaccination and the occurrence of EV71-associated disease during a 12-month follow-up period were collected from a phase 3 efficacy trial of EV71 vaccine in this study.Results: NTAb at day 56 post-vaccination in participants met the Prentice criterion framework. According to the protection curve, the antibody levels of 14.7, 27.8, 55.7, 129.0 and 459.4 (U/mL) were associated with 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90% clinical protection rate, respectively. Vaccine efficacy predicted by the model was 81.5%, which was very similar to the actual vaccine efficacy of 80.4% (95% CI, 58.2, 90.8) observed in the phase 3 trial.Conclusions: NTAb titers post-vaccination can be validated as mCoP for evaluating the efficacy of an inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine, with a titers of 14.7 (U/ml) as a surrogate associated with the protection of 50% against EV71-associated disease.
External fixator for the hand: a quick, cheap and effective method.

The value of external fixation in certain hand injuries is well established. It particularly has a place with highly comminuted fractures not well managed by internal fixation. Expense and availability of formal mini external fixator sets have resulted in differing methods being employed. An "alternative" external fixator is presented comprising the disposable sheath of an i.v. cannula as the cross bar, held by K-wires as the pins. Such basic raw materials are available immediately in all theatres at minimal cost. This has been used in gun shot wounds with highly comminuted fractures. A preliminary study with eight patients is presented. The method is inexpensive, simple to use, and quick to apply. Good bone union and length is achieved. Stability is excellent, allowing early motion. This method can be recommended when no standard fixator sets are available to the surgeon.
Stroop-Like Interference in the Fruit Stroop Test in Typical Development

This study examined Stroop-like interference in the fruit Stroop test among 271 5 - 12-year-old children and young adults divided into five age groups: 64 5 - 6-year-olds, 65 7 - 8-year-olds, 60 9 - 10-year-olds, 46 11 - 12-year-olds, and 36 young adults (18 - 23-year-olds). Participants were ad-ministered a paper-and-pencil version of the fruit Stroop test, which includes the canonical color task, the superficial color task, and the fruit name task. In these tasks, participants were presented with line-drawings of fruits having strongly associated colors (e.g., yellow banana) and were asked to name the ink colors of the fruits, name the colors the fruit “should be”, or read the fruit name. The results indicated robust interference in the canonical color task of the fruit Stroop test, suggesting that this task is useful to assess individual differences of inhibitory control in typical development.
Safety and efficacy of two pregabalin regimens for add-on treatment of partial epilepsy

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of two pregabalin regimens administered as adjunctive therapy to that of placebo in patients with medically refractory partial epilepsy. Methods: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial was performed. Following a prospective 8-week baseline phase, patients were randomized to 12 weeks of double-blind treatment with placebo or pregabalin 600 mg/day administered twice daily (BID) or three times daily (TID). Primary efficacy was measured as change in seizure frequency from baseline of either pregabalin regimen compared with placebo. Secondary efficacy comparisons included the proportion of patients experiencing ≥50% reduction in seizure frequency (responder rate) and median percentage change from baseline in seizure frequency. Safety/tolerability assessments included adverse events (AEs), physical and neurologic examinations, and clinical laboratory evaluation. Efficacy and safety analyses were performed on the intent-to-treat (ITT) population. Results: Pregabalin treatment resulted in seizure frequency reductions: 53% for pregabalin TID (p ≤ 0.0001) and 44% for pregabalin BID (p ≤ 0.0001) compared with a 1% increase for placebo. Responder rates were 49% for pregabalin TID and 43% for pregabalin BID compared with 9% for placebo (p ≤ 0.001). Both pregabalin regimens were similar in efficacy and tolerability. The most common AEs were dizziness, somnolence, and ataxia. Conclusions: Pregabalin administered at 600 mg/day is safe, generally well tolerated, and efficacious as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of patients with partial seizures, with or without secondary generalizations. This dose can be administered on a twice daily or three times daily schedule with similar efficacy and tolerability results.
Expression of Ki 67 and P53 immunohistochemical markers in central nervous system astrocytoma

Background: Astrocytic tumors are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system. Several grading systems are used to grade astrocytomas. The most widely used system is the World Health Organization (WHO) classification (1979, 1993, 2000, and 2007) that grades astrocytomas (I-IV) based on cytological atypia, mitotic activity, vascular proliferation, and necrosis: pilocytic astrocytoma (grade I), diffuse astrocytoma (grade II), anaplastic astrocytoma (grade III), and glioblastoma (grade IV). Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate p53 over expression , Ki-67 expression in astrocytomas and Correlate these two markers with histologic grade of astrocytomas.Methods: Formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks from 40 patients with brain astrocytoma included in this retrospective study. LSAB (Labeled Strept-Avidin, Biotin) method was employed for immunohistochemical detection of Ki – 67 and P53.Results: P53 was detected in (25%) of the cases and was signiﬁcantly positively correlated with grade IV. Ki-67 labeling index was (>5%) in (50%) of the cases. Both biomarkers were positively correlated with each other, and the grade of astrocytoma; however, Ki67 is a better marker for differentiating (diagnostic marker) between the grades of astrocytoma than p53.Conclusion: P53 overexpression and ki-67 expression plays an important role in pathogenesis of astrocytoma evolution, as they positively associated with higher tumor grade.
Ephs and Ephrins in malignant gliomas

Abstract Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and the corresponding ephrin ligands play a pivotal role in the glioma development and progression. Aberrant protein expression levels of the Eph receptors and ephrins are often associated with higher tumor grade and poor prognosis. Their function in tumorigenesis is complex due to the intricate network of possible co-occurring interactions between neighboring tumor cells and tumor microenvironment. Both Ephs and ephrins localize on the surface of tumor cells, tumor vasculature, glioma stem cells, tumor cells infiltrating brain, and immune cells infiltrating tumors. They can both promote and inhibit tumorigenicity depending on the downstream forward and reverse signalling generated. All the above-mentioned features make the Ephs/ephrins system an intriguing candidate for the development of new therapeutic strategies in glioma treatment. This review will give a general overview on the structure and the function of Ephs and ephrins, with a particular emphasis on the state of the knowledge of their role in malignant gliomas.
Use of expiratory CT pulmonary angiography to optimise pulmonary artery opacification

Poster: "ECR 2010 / C-0943 / Use of expiratory CT pulmonary angiography to optimise pulmonary artery opacification " by: " A. M. Mortimer , R. K. Singh, R. Duerden, J. Hughes, M. Hamilton; Bristol/UK"
Inspiratory muscle training using an incremental endurance test alleviates dyspnea and improves functional status in patients with chronic heart failure

Background The benefits of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) have been inadequately studied. Design and methods Using a prospective, age and sex-matched controlled study, we investigated 35 patients with moderate to severe CHF (NYHA class II–III and left ventricular ejection fraction 24.4 ± 1.3% [mean ± SEM]). An incremental respiratory endurance test using a fixed respiratory workload was provided by software with an electronic mouth pressure manometer interfaced with a computer. The training group (n = 20) exercised at 60% of individual sustained maximal inspiratory pressure (SMIP) and the control group (n = 15) at 15% of SMIP. All patients exercised three times weekly for 10 weeks. Pulmonary function, exercise capacity, dyspnea and quality of life were assessed, pre- and post-training. Results The training group significantly increased both maximum inspiratory pressure (Pimax), (111 ± 6.8 versus 83 ± 5.7cmH2O, P<0.001), and SMIP (527822 ± 51358 versus 367360 ± 41111 cmH2O/sec × 10-1, P < 0.001). Peak VO2 increased after training (17.8 ± 1.2 versus 15.4 ± 0.9 ml/kg/min, P< 0.005), as did the six-minute walking distance (433 ± 16 versus 367 ± 22 meters, P < 0.001). Perceived dyspnea assessed using the Borg scale was reduced for both the treadmill (12.7 ± 0.57 versus 14.2 ± 0.48, P < 0.005) and the walking (9 ± 0.48 versus 10.5 ± 0.67, P< 0.005) exercise tests and the quality of life score was also improved (21.1 ± 3.5 versus 25.2 ± 4, P < 0.01). Resting heart rate was significantly reduced with training (77 ± 3.3 versus 80 ± 3beats/min, P < 0.05). The control group significantly increased Pimax (86.6 ± 6.3 versus 78.4 ± 6.9cmH2O, P < 0.05), but decreased SMIP (274972 ± 32399 versus 204661 ± 37184cmH2O/sec × 101, P < 0.005). No other significant effect on exercise capacity, heart rate, dyspnea, or quality of life was observed in this group. Conclusion Inspiratory muscle training using an incremental endurance test, successfully increases both inspiratory strength and endurance, alleviates dyspnea and improves functional status in CHF.
Insomnia symptoms and mortality: a register‐linked study among women and men from Finland, Norway and Lithuania

Evidence on the association between insomnia symptoms and mortality is limited and inconsistent. This study examined the association between insomnia symptoms and mortality in cohorts from three countries to show common and unique patterns. The Finnish cohort comprised 6605 employees of the City of Helsinki, aged 40–60 years at baseline in 2000–2002. The Norwegian cohort included 6236 participants from Western Norway, aged 40–45 years at baseline in 1997–1999. The Lithuanian cohort comprised 1602 participants from the City of Palanga, aged 35–74 years at baseline in 2003. Mortality data were derived from the Statistics Finland and Norwegian Cause of Death Registry until the end of 2012, and from the Lithuanian Regional Mortality Register until the end of 2013. Insomnia symptoms comprised difficulties initiating sleep, nocturnal awakenings, and waking up too early. Covariates were age, marital status, education, smoking, alcohol, physical inactivity, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, depression, shift work, sleep duration, and self‐rated health. Cox regression analysis was used. Frequent difficulties initiating sleep were associated with all‐cause mortality among men after full adjustments in the Finnish (hazard ratio 2.51; 95% confidence interval 1.07–5.88) and Norwegian (hazard ratio 3.42; 95% confidence interval 1.03–11.35) cohorts. Among women and in Lithuania, insomnia symptoms were not statistically significantly associated with all‐cause mortality after adjustments. In conclusion, difficulties initiating sleep were associated with mortality among Norwegian and Finnish men. Variation and heterogeneity in the association between insomnia symptoms and mortality highlights that further research needs to distinguish between men and women, specific symptoms and national contexts, and focus on more chronic insomnia.