Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Social Interaction Filter and Visualization in Casual Browsing

Traces of social interaction in information spaces have the potential to improve information exploration. We evaluated interactive interfaces that utilize social interaction history. More specifically, we compared the value of a social filter and social interaction visualization in supporting casual browsing. We hypothesized that information filtering in general plays a more important role than visualization, as it provides additional control for users to browse information collections. Our experimental results showed that, compared to the baseline interface, the social filter increased subjective user satisfaction and was perceived by the study participants to enhance their effectiveness in finding interesting information. However, there were no significant differences between the social filter and social visualization systems. Our analysis suggested that the synergy of information filtering and visualization is more effective than each feature working separately.
Three-dimensional atom probe analysis and magnetic properties of Fe 85 Cu 1 Si 2 B 8 P 4 melt spun ribbons

The effect of phosphorous on the microstructure and magnetic properties of as-spun and flash annealed (389–535 °C for 7 s) Fe85Cu1Si2B8P4 melt spun ribbons were investigated by three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) techniques. The formation of quasi-amorphous α-Fe clusters of 3–5 nm size in an amorphous matrix were detected by HRTEM, despite the high quenching rate applied by high wheel speed used. Flash annealing of the as-spun ribbons gave rise to the formation of nanocrystalline α-Fe (Si) phase in amorphous matrix containing Fe, Si, B and P elements as detected by 3DAP. Comparing 3DAP analysis of the samples annealed at 445 °C and 535 °C revealed that the concentration of P and B in amorphous matrix were increased for the latter. Further, it was shown that P hardly solidified into nanocrystalline phase and partitioned in amorphous phase alongside B atoms leading to the further stabilization of amorphous matrix as confirmed by 3DAP analysis. The highest magnitude of saturation magnetic induction (Bs 1.85 T) and the lowest coercive field ( 10–20 A/m) were obtained for the samples annealed above 445 °C, for which noticeable reduction of saturation magnetostriction ( λs) were also detected. & 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Multimodal Machine Translation

In recent years, neural network machine translation, especially in the field of multimodality, has developed rapidly. It has been widely used in natural languages processing tasks such as event detection and sentiment classification. The existing multimodal neural network machine translation is mostly based on the autoencoder framework of the attention mechanism, which further integrates spatial-visual features. However, due to the ubiquitous lack of corpus and the semantic interaction between multimodalities, the quality of machine translation is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-modal machine translation model that integrates external linguistic knowledge. Specifically, on the encoder side, we adopt the pre-trained Bert model to be used as an additional encoder to integrate with the original text encoder and picture encoder. Under the cooperation of the three encoders, a better text representation and picture representation at the source end is generated. Besides, the decoder decodes and generates a translation based on the image and text representation of the source. To sum up, this paper studies the visual-text semantic interaction on the encoder side and the visual-text semantic interaction on the decoder side, and further improves the quality of translation by introducing external linguistic knowledge. We compared the performance of the multimodal neural network machine translation model with pre-trained Bert and other baseline models in English German translation tasks on the multi30k data sets. The results show that the model can significantly improve the quality of multimodal neural network machine translation, which also verifies the importance of integrating external knowledge and visual text semantic interaction.
Chapter A CRITICAL ENGAGEMENT WITH SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO MODIFYING BEHAVIORS THAT EFFECT THE HEALTH OF PEOPLE AND THE PLANET

Two of today’s most pressing problems are how to improve the health of individuals and of the planet. On the one hand, despite advances in health care, individuals continue to face serious health issues. Similarly, global warming caused by climate change has been recognized as “too serious for the world any longer to ignore its danger” (Tony Blair, 2005). These two problems are linked because their solutions, in part, require individuals to change their behavior. Thus, those concerned with improving individuals’ or the planet’s health must look to the psychology of behavior change for solutions (e.g., Michie, van Stralen, & West, 2011; Whitmarsh, 2009), along with insights from other disciplines. In this chapter, we first describe the theory of planned behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1991) that has been used as the basis of programs designed to change individuals’ behavior in both domains. This theory proposes that the proximal determinants of behavior are an intention to behave in a particular way (i.e., a behavioral intention) and individuals’ perceptions of how much control they have over their behavior (i.e., perceived behavioral control; PBC). Behavioral intentions are, in turn, determined by attitudes, subjective norms, and PBC. We examine the utility of TPB by considering meta-analyses of both correlational studies and interventions designed to change behavior from that which is less, to more, healthy/environmentally sustainable. However, many of these interventions have been relatively ineffective likely because of the habitual nature of the behavior in question (i.e., it is automatically elicited in specific situations or contexts). Thus, we discuss how to modify this type of behavior. We then consider why individuals might resist changing habitual behavior and provide suggestions for strategies that can be used to overcome this resistance, using recent theoretical developments of Jennifer M. Boldero and Geoffrey S. Binder 2 practice theory that shed further light on this problem (Boldero & Binder 2013). We end the chapter by considering the bounded nature of psychological theory and how disciplinary ‘silos’ can be breached so that more holistic theory and strategies for change can be developed and implemented, respectively.
Cahier 17-2012 Skewness Risk and Bond Prices

Statistical evidence is reported that even outside disaster periods, agents face negative consumption skewness, as well as positive in ation skewness. Quantitative implications of skewness risk for nominal loan contracts in a pure exchange economy are derived. Key modeling assumptions are Epstein-Zin preferences for traders and asymmetric distributions for consumption and in ation innovations. The model is solved using a third-order perturbation and estimated by the simulated method of moments. Results show that skewness risk accounts for 6 to 7 percent of the risk premia depending on the bond maturity. JEL Classi cation: E43, G12
POLITICAL CONNECTIONS AND ACCOUNTING CONSERVATISM : EVIDENCE FROM CHINESE LISTED FIRMS Byungcherl

This study examines whether the level of accounting conservatism differs between firms with and without political connections in the Chinese market. As a central accounting principle, conservatism has long been a major topic in accounting research (Watts and Zimmerman, 1986; Basu, 1997; Watts, 2003a, b). Prior studies have shown evidence that conservative accounting can improve contracting efficiency in debt markets by mitigating conflicts of interests between lenders and borrowers (Holthausen and Watts, 2001; Watts, 2003a, b), protecting firms from potential litigation risks due to overstating economic performance (J. Li, 2013), and saving tax (Watts, 2003a, b). This paper extends this line of research by investigating the relation between political connections and accounting conservatism using the sample of Chinese non-state-owned listed companies. On one hand, the level of accounting conservatism in politically connected firms can be lower than that in non-connected firms. Political connections can be a substitute for accounting conservatism in many situations (Baloria, 2015). Creditors may not care about an aggressive accounting policy taken by their politically connected debtors because political backgrounds can be a guarantee to debtors (Chen et al., 2013). Firms’ incentives to apply accounting conservatism to reduce litigation risks are also weakened in politically connected firms because the protection from the government makes them less worry about litigation risks than non-connected firms do. Moreover, politically connected companies have the power to control auditor independence using small local auditors, which are more prevalent than Big 4 auditors among politically connected firms in China, thereby compromising the supervision from the independent auditors and reporting quality (Chen et al., 2013). On the other hand, there can be a possibility that the level of accounting conservatism is higher in politically connected firms than in non-connected firms. A large body of accounting conservatism literature documents that politically connected Abstract
Potential of porous Co 3 O 4 nanorods as cathode catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in microbial fuel cells

This study aims to investigate the potential of porous Co3O4 nanorods as the cathode catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in aqueous air cathode microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The porous Co3O4 nanorods were synthesized by a facile and cost-effective hydrothermal method. Three different concentrations (0.5 mg/ cm2, 1 mg/cm2, and 2 mg/cm2) of Co3O4 nanorods coated on graphite electrodes were used to test its performance in MFCs. The results showed that the addition of porous Co3O4 nanorods enhanced the electrocatalytic activity and ORR kinetics significantly and the overall resistance of the system was greatly reduced. Moreover, the MFC with a higher concentration of the catalyst achieved a maximum power density of 503 ± 16 mW/m2, which was approximately five times higher than the bare graphite electrode. The improved catalytic activity of the cathodes could be due to the porous properties of Co3O4 nanorods that provided the higher number of active sites for oxygen. Disciplines Engineering | Science and Technology Studies Publication Details Kumar, R. , Singh, L. , Zularisam, A. W. & Hai, F. I. (2016). Potential of porous Co3O4 nanorods as cathode catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in microbial fuel cells. Bioresource Technology, 220 537-542. This journal article is available at Research Online: http://ro.uow. edu.au/eispapers1/267 Potential of porous Co3O4 nanorods as cathode catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in microbial fuel cells Ravinder Kumar, Lakhveer Singh*, A.W. Zularisam, Faisal I. Hai Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia Corresponding author: lakhveer@ump.edu. my, lucki.chem09@gmail.com
Do Changes From WISC to WISC-R Reduce the Size of the Flynn Effect ?

In the first article of this special issue of the Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, I critiqued Flynn’s theoretical explanation of the Flynn effect because he depended too heavily on an apparently huge generational gain on the WISC Similarities subtest; I claimed he was comparing apples with oranges because that subtest changed too much when the WISC was first revised. Four sets of esteemed researchers were invited to respond to my article and also to an article by Zhou, Zhu, and Weiss—Flynn, Sternberg, McGrew, and Ceci and Kanaya. Flynn disagrees strongly with my critique of his theory, a theory that posits striking generational shifts from concrete (utilitarian) thinking to a kind of fluid reasoning that Flynn nicknames “scientific spectacles. ” In this final article of the special issue, I respond to Flynn’s claims, and also to the points made by the other invited respondents. In addition, I respond to the range of opinions expressed by the scholars who were invited to write an essay on whether or not IQs should be adjusted for the Flynn effect in capital punishment cases (Fletcher et al., Hagan et al., and Reynolds et al.). Ultimately, I disagree with Flynn’s explanation of the Flynn effect, but I agree with his position that IQs should be adjusted for the effect in death penalty cases.
Certification and Environmental Performance in the Quebec Pulp and Paper Industry

In this paper, we test if the adoption of the international norm ISO 14001 has a significant impact on environmental performance in the Quebec pulp and paper industry. Using monthly data for a panel of 38 plants over the 1997-2003 period, we show that: i) the ISO certification does not lead to a reduction in total suspended solids (TSS) emissions; ii) discharges of biological oxygen demand (BOD) appears to be significantly lower in the first year following certification; iii) this last impact does not appear to be lasting beyond the one-year window. We also show that, contrary to the group of plants that do not adopt the ISO norm, the adopting plants do not experience a significantly trendily reduction in emissions over our sample period.
Effect of zootechnical additives on productive and health indicators in broilers

In order to evaluate the effect of three zootechnical additives of Bacillus subtilis on productive and health indicators in broilers, a study was conducted in the poultry farm of the Institute of Animal Science –Mayabeque, Cuba–. For such purpose 200 broilers of the Cuban breeding hybrid EB34 were used, in a completely randomized design. Four treatments were studied: T1: control group (CG), T2: C-31, T3: C-34 and T4: E-44, at a dose of 109 endospores per gram of concentrate feed. The trial lasted 42 days, and hematological, immunological, productive and health indicators were evaluated. The use of these zootechnical additives did not cause any effect at 21 days on any of the indicators; however, at 35 and 42 days the weight of the bursa of Fabricius, the spleen and the hemagglutination titers to Newcastle vaccine increased (p < 0,001). There were improvements (p < 0,001) in the hematological indicators hemoglobin, hematocrit, globulins, albumins and total proteins at 35 and 42 days of age; as well as an increase of live weight at 35 (p < 0,01) and 42 days (p < 0,001), lower intake at 42 days (p < 0,05), better conversion at 35 (p < 0,001) and 42 days (p < 0,05), and higher feed efficiency at 35 and 42 days (p < 0,001). The indicators mortality and viability did not show differences among the treatments. It is concluded that the addition of these zootechnical additives improved the productive and health responses in broilers.
Audit in Gastroenterology ( PAGE ) program : A novel approach to continuing professional development

1Division of Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton; 2Credit Valley Hospital, Mississauga; 3Formerly of Isis Digital Media Inc; 4Isis Digital Media Inc, Burlington; 5Formerly of AstraZeneca Canada Inc, Mississauga, Ontario; 6Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; 7William Osler Health Centre, Etobicoke, Ontario; 8Division of Gastroenterology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia Correspondence and reprints: Dr David Armstrong, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5. Telephone 905-521-2100 ext 76404, fax 905-523-6048, e-mail armstro@mcmaster.ca Received for publication April 21, 2006. Accepted April 27, 2006 D Armstrong, R Hollingworth, T Gardiner, et al. Practice Audit in Gastroenterology (PAGE) program: A novel approach to continuing professional development. Can J Gastroenterol 2006;20(6):405-410.
Niches in evolutionary theories of technical change A critical survey of the literature

In this article, the use of the niche concept for explaining radical technical change is explored. Contributions of various strands of literatures are elaborated and systematized in a taxonomy. Radical change or technological discontinuity is defined as the establishment of a new sociotechnical regime. Sociotechnical regimes carry and store rules for how to produce, use and regulate specific technologies. They perform the task of genes and define the boundary between technological species. It is proposed that radical change is generated by four different evolutionary mechanisms and patterns: natural selection, punctuated equilibrium, market niche selection, and technological niche selection. In each pattern, a different type of niche is implicated in the change process. The difference between niches results from differentiating between two dimensions: (1) whether niches are internal or external to the prevailing sociotechnical regime; (2) whether rules for design and use of a specific technology are stable or unstable within the niche.
New business creation and its effect on employment growth in regions facing population decline

Particularly in regions that are in decline, the creation of new businesses is often highly prioritized by local governments. Entrepreneurship can play an important role in maintaining vitality in declining regions through the creation of jobs. Yet the way in which new business creation exerts its influence on employment growth is not yet evident. Are start-ups in these areas just as productive in influencing employment change as they are in growth regions? Although there is a large and growing body of research on new business creation and employment, there is still a knowledge gap concerning the impact of the context upon this. New business creation can contribute to the growth of regional employment in the short term and in the long term. The relationship varies over time and can even be negative for some years after start-up. Focussing on the regional context, we investigate whether the relationship differs according to population decline or growth, and to the degree of urbanization, in order to determine both long and short term employment effects. We conclude that the context does indeed matter a great deal. We show that modest rates of decline may be very manageable and irrelevant to some aspects of economic welfare. Analyses are performed using panel data of firm dynamics and employment growth from the LISA database on a municipality level (418 regions) between 1996-2010. The data is complemented with data on population density, size, growth and decline from the Statistic Netherlands.
Working Paper Series No 5 / 2014 MONETARY POLICY IN OIL EXPORTING ECONOMIES

How should monetary policy be constructed when national income depends on oil exports? I set up a general equilibrium model for an oil exporting small open economy to analyze this question. Fundamentals include an oil sector and domestic non-oil firms – some of which are linked to oil markets via supply chains. In the model, the intermediate production network implies transmission of international oil shocks to all domestic industries. The presence of wage and price rigidities at the sector level leads to non-trivial trade-offs between different stabilization targets. I characterize Ramsey-optimal monetary policy in this environment, and use the framework to shed light on i) welfare implications of the supply chain channel, and ii) costs of alternative policy rules. Three results emerge: First, optimal policy puts high weight on nominal wage stability. In contrast, attempts to target impulses from the oil sector can be disastrous for welfare. Second, while oil sector activities contribute to macroeconomic fluctuations, they do not change the nature of optimal policy. Third, operational Taylor rules with high interest rate inertia can approximate the Ramsey equilibrium reasonably well.
Effects of Outcome and Probabilistic Ambiguity on Managerial Choices

Information ambiguity is prevalent in organizations and likely influences management decisions. This study examines, given imprecise probabilities and outcomes, how managers make choices when they are provided with single-figure benchmarks. Seventy-nine MBA students completed two experiments. We found that, in a decision framed as a decision under certainty involving an ambiguous outcome, the majority of the subjects were ambiguity prone in the loss condition and switched to ambiguity aversion in the gain condition. However, in the presence of probabilistic ambiguity in a decision under risk, this expected switching pattern was shown only when the difference in riskiness between the two choice options (in the loss condition) was perceived to be relatively small. In a companion study, we used a written protocol approach to identify factors that affect decision makers’ investment choices when faced with ambiguous outcomes. Protocols frequently mentioned that the ambiguous outcome option was risky, even in the case which was framed as a decision under certainty in the problem statement. In a decision under risk with ambiguous outcomes, the combination of probabilistic risk and outcome ambiguity was seen as even more risky.
A Monitoring and Modeling Study to Investigate Regional Transport and Characteristics of PM 2 . 5 Pollution

In this study, the regional transport and characteristics of PM2.5 pollution were examined through a case study in Beijing, China. The results from an intensive monitoring program indicate that the inorganic particles (sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium), organic carbons, and the elements accounted for 35.5, 24.2, and 15.3% of the total PM2.5 on an annual average basis, respectively. The proportions of such PM2.5 components also showed clear seasonal variations. An integrated MM5CMAQ modeling system was then developed to examine the regional transport of PM2.5 and its components in Beijing within four typical months of 2010. The results indicate that the annual average total trans-boundary contribution ratio (TBCR) is 42.2, 46.3, 77.4, and 61.6% for the concentrations of PM2.5, sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium, respectively. A logarithmic relationship was found between the total TBCR and the PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing for different seasons. Further investigations showed that trans-boundary transport played a major role in Beijing’s PM2.5 concentrations during the period of high pollution levels, with an annual average TBCR of 54.6%. As a result, the control of PM2.5 pollution in Beijing needs effective cooperation between Beijing and its surrounding regions, especially during periods of heavy pollution.