Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Delay-throughput tradeoff for supportive two-tier networks

Consider a static wireless network that has two tiers with different priorities: a primary tier vs. a secondary tier. The primary tier consists of randomly distributed legacy nodes of density n, which have an absolute priority to access the spectrum. The secondary tier consists of randomly distributed cognitive nodes of density m = n<sup>β</sup> with β ≥ 2, which can only access the spectrum opportunistically to limit the interference to the primary tier. By allowing the secondary tier to route the packets for the primary tier, we show that the primary tier can achieve a throughput scaling of λ<inf>p</inf>(n) = Θ(1/log n) per node and a delay-throughput tradeoff of D<inf>p</inf>(n) = Θ (√n<sup>β</sup> log nλ<inf>p</inf>(n)) for λ<inf>p</inf>(n) = O (1/log n), while the secondary tier still achieves the same optimal delay-throughput tradeoff as a stand-alone network.
Characteristics of atmospheric mercury in a suburban area of east China: sources, formation mechanisms, and regional transport

Abstract. Speciated atmospheric mercury including gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM), and particulate-bound mercury (PBM) were measured continuously for a 1-year period at a suburban site, representing a regional transport intersection zone, in east China. Annual mean concentrations of GEM, PBM, and GOM reached 2.77 ng m−3, 60.8 pg m−3, and 82.1 pg m−3, respectively. GEM concentrations were elevated in all the seasons except autumn. High mercury concentrations were related to winds from the south, southwest, and north of the measurement site. Combining analysis results from using various source apportionment methods, it was found that GEM concentration was higher when quasi-local sources dominated over long-range transport. Six source factors belonging to the anthropogenic sources of GEM were identified, including the common sectors previously identified (industrial and biomass burning, coal combustion, iron and steel production, cement production, and incineration), as well as an additional factor of shipping emissions (accounting for 19.5 % of the total), which was found to be important in east China where marine vessel shipping activities are intense. Emissions of GEM from natural surfaces were also found to be as important as those from anthropogenic sources for GEM observed at this site. Concurrences of high GOM concentrations with elevated O3 and temperature, along with the lagged variations in GEM and GOM during daytime demonstrated that the very high GOM concentrations were partially ascribed to intense in situ oxidation of GEM. Strong gas–particle partitioning was also identified when PM2.5 was above a threshold value, in which case GOM decreased with increasing PM2.5.
mHealth Applications, Older People and Type 2 Diabetes–a Detailed Review using Systematic Methodology

Introduction: Smartphone use among older people continues to increase and may provide a modern support mechanism for enhancing self-diabetes care and subsequently improving clinical outcomes. Objectives: We decided to produce a detailed review of the literature using a systematic evidenced-based approach and assess the benefits and limitations of their clinical efficacy and usability of mHealth applications (including smart phones) in older individuals (≥ 55 years) with type 2 diabetes in randomised Controlled Clinical Trials (RCTs) and to identify future research directions in this area. Methods: We identified 15 RCTs which matched our selection and inclusion criteria and using a highly descriptive approach, we reviewed changes in areas such as changes in HbA1c, blood pressure, lipid measures, physical activity levels, user satisfaction and self-behaviour changes. Results: Improvements in metabolic measures including HbA1c, body weight, physical activity, blood pressure and lipid profile were observed. Some improvements were noted in diabetes knowledge, patient satisfaction and personal behaviour and mHealth applications were noted to be useful in some cases of self-titration of hypoglycaemic medications but this was based on limited evidence only. Unfamiliarity, skills and technique acquisition with the mobile app were the main factors for dropouts. Conclusions: This review revealed that there was a lack of longer-term studies (>1 year), and few studies in people aged 70 years and over! In addition, few studies had a nurse or therapist support mechanism as part of the intervention. The review suggests the need for longer term intervention studies that involve personalised diabetes management programmes and an assessment of their cost-effectiveness.
Sharing the vision: healthy, achieving students what can schools do?

It was a beautiful spring day. The sky was a deep azure with not a cloud in sight. The cool breeze was gently flowing over two friends who were wading into the stream for a relaxing morning of trout fishing. Calmly and with rhythmic grace, the two cast their flies with great expectation. Suddenly, one of the fishermen spotted a baby floating down the stream. He threw his rod on the bank and ran to pull the baby out of the stream. Placing the baby on the bank, he noticed another floating down the stream. In a panic, he rushed back into the water to retrieve that baby. When he had placed the second baby safely on the bank, he noticed a third and a fourth floating in the stream. His friend, who was still fishing, quietly walked out of the water, gently placed his rod on the bank and began walking upstream. The fisherman who was frantically trying to save the babies yelled, “Where are you going? I need your help to save these babies. ” His buddy turned and said, “I am going upstream to stop the person who is putting the babies in the water. ”
HALF OF THE MOST LUMINOUS QUASARS MAY BE OBSCURED: INVESTIGATING THE NATURE OF WISE-SELECTED HOT DUST-OBSCURED GALAXIES

The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer mission has unveiled a rare population of high-redshift (z = 1–4.6), dusty, hyper-luminous galaxies, with infrared luminosities L IR > 10 13 L ⊙ ? > , and sometimes exceeding 10 14 L ⊙ ? > . Previous work has shown that their dust temperatures and overall far-infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are significantly hotter than expected to be powered by star formation. We present here an analysis of the rest-frame optical through mid-infrared SEDs for a large sample of these so-called “hot, dust-obscured galaxies” (Hot DOGs). We find that the SEDs of Hot DOGs are generally well modeled by the combination of a luminous, yet obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that dominates the rest-frame emission at λ > 1 &mgr; m ? > and the bolometric luminosity output, and a less luminous host galaxy that is responsible for the bulk of the rest optical/UV emission. Even though the stellar mass of the host galaxies may be as large as 1011–1012 M⊙, the AGN emission, with a range of luminosities comparable to those of the most luminous QSOs known, require that either Hot DOGs have black hole masses significantly in excess of the local relations, or that they radiate significantly above the Eddington limit, at a level at least 10 times more efficiently than z ∼ 2 QSOs. We show that, while rare, the number density of Hot DOGs is comparable to that of equally luminous but unobscured (i.e., Type 1) QSOs. This may be at odds with the trend suggested at lower luminosities for the fraction of obscured AGNs to decrease with increasing luminosity. That trend may, instead, reverse at higher luminosities. Alternatively, Hot DOGs may not be the torus-obscured counterparts of the known optically selected, largely unobscured, hyper-luminous QSOs, and may represent a new component of the galaxy evolution paradigm. Finally, we discuss the environments of Hot DOGs and statistically show that these objects are in regions as dense as those of known high-redshift proto-clusters.
Relationship of dietary cholesterol to blood pressure: the INTERMAP study

Objective A direct relationship of dietary cholesterol to blood pressure of men has been reported in a few observational studies from the USA. It is not clear whether this association prevails consistently, for example, in populations with varied dietary habits, across ethnic groups, and sexes. Cross-sectional data from the International Study of Macro/Micro-nutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP) were used to assess relations of dietary cholesterol intake to blood pressure in men and women from four countries. Methods Data include 83 nutrients from four multipass 24-h dietary recalls and two-timed 24-h urine collections; eight blood pressure readings, and questionnaire data, for 4680 participants ages 40–59 years from 17 population samples in Japan, People's Republic of China, UK, and USA. Results With sequential models to control for multiple possible confounders (dietary, other), linear regression analyses showed that dietary cholesterol was directly related to SBP for all participants and for nonhypertensive individuals, but not to DBP. With adjustment for 12 variables, estimated SBP differences with 2SD for higher cholesterol intake (131.0 mg/1000 kcal) were 0.9 mmHg (P < 0.05) for all participants and 1.1 mmHg (P < 0.01) for nonhypertensive individuals, findings attenuated with addition of height and weight to the model. Conclusion INTERMAP found a low-order, positive relationship of dietary cholesterol intake to SBP with control for multiple possible confounders. Reduction of dietary cholesterol intake may contribute to prevention and control of adverse blood pressure levels in general populations.
In-Situ Investigation of Lead-Free Solder Alloy Formation using a Hot-Plate Microscope

This work presents the advantages of using a hot-plate microscope for investigation of new (high-temperature) lead- free solders as in-situ analysis tool and preparation equipment. A description of the equipment and the preparation method is given and some examples are outlined. The formation of small AuSn-based, homogeneous and un-oxidized solder spheres will be demonstrated. Moreover the possibility of using this equipment as a sample preparation method to further investigation is shown. As example the equipment was used to produce samples for Vickers microhardness measurement of important phases of the Au-Sn system. The measured values are comparable to those found in the literature. An outlook to further research is also given.
Continuous Infusion Epidural Anesthesia during Labor: A Randomized, Double-blind Comparison of 0.0625% Bupivacaine/0.002% Butorphanol and 0.125% Bupivacaine

The efficacy of pain relief and the maternal and neonatal effects of continuous epidural infusion of 0.0625% bupivacaine/0.002% butorphanol was compared with the infusion of 0.125% bupivacaine alone in a randomized, double-blind study of 32 women in labor. A test dose of 2 ml 0.5% bupivacaine was given to every patient and followed by two epidural regimens in randomized, double-blind manner. Group B-B (bupivacaine/butorphanol) patients received 7.5 ml 0.125% bupivacaine plus 1 mg butorphanol (0.5 ml) followed by an infusion of 0.0625% bupivacaine/0.002% butorphanol at a rate of 12 ml/hour; Group B (bupivacaine alone) patients received 8 ml 0.25% bupivacaine followed by an infusion of 0.125% bupivacaine at a rate of 12 ml/hour. A bolus of 5 ml 0.125% bupivacaine or 0.0625% bupivacaine was given to Group B or B-B, respectively, if additional pain relief was required. Infusion of B-B combination resulted in similar pain relief and fewer patients with motor block than bupivacaine alone; 12% versus 38% in Groups B-B and B, respectively, had motor weakness. A smaller dose of bupivacaine was used in the B-B group compared to the B group; 71 ± 14 versus 99 ± 13 mg (mean ± SEM; p < 0.05). Progress of labor and the mode of delivery did not differ significantly between the two groups. All infants were vigorous and had normal acid-base status and neurologic adaptive capacity scores. Butorphanol appears to be useful as an adjunct to epidural bupivacaine for continuous epidural infusion during labor without adversely affecting the mother or the neonate.
Postoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Articular Cartilage Repair

The treatment of articular cartilage injuries remains a challenge because cartilage has a limited capacity for spontaneous repair. Over the past decade, a number of surgical interventions have been developed to produce a durable repair. This article reviews the available treatment options, including their indications, technique, and clinical results, and illustrates the MR imaging appearance of normal repair sites and postoperative complications.
Hepatitis C virus infection is associated with reduced white matter N-acetylaspartate in abstinent methamphetamine users

Nearly 3,000,000 people in the United States, and over 100,000,000 people worldwide, are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), with an increasing trajectory for the foreseeable future (Alter et al., 1999). While hepatic encephalopathy has been long recognized as a disorder associated with cerebral structural, metabolic, and cognitive changes (e.g., Tarter et al., 1989), HCV infection itself is increasingly associated with changes in the brain, even in the absence of hyperammonemia. Specifically, HCV-infected individuals may have deficits in cognitive functions such as attention, working memory, and speed of information processing (Forton et al., 2002; Hilsabeck et al., 2002). They may also have abnormalities on magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), a non-invasive method to measure cerebral metabolites. The most reliably measured compounds using a standard 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner are N-acetylaspartate (NAA), a marker of neuronal integrity; choline and choline-containing compounds (Cho), a measure of cell membrane turnover and lipid changes; myo-Inositol (Ins), a possible indicator of glial proliferation and/or osmolar changes; and creatine+phosphocreatine (Cr), an indicator of high energy stores that is often used as a relative standard for other metabolites. In the first studies of HCV using MRS, Forton et al. (2001; 2002) found elevated Cho/Cr in the frontal white matter and basal ganglia in patients with HCV. In addition patients with two or more impaired neuropsychological test performances had higher Cho/Cr compared to those with less than two impaired test performances.Dr. Erin D. Bigler served as Action Editor during the course of this review.
Health-Related Behavior Mediates the Association Between Personality and Memory Performance in Older Adults

This prospective study explored the potential mediating role of health-related behavior (alcohol involvement, diet, television viewing, and physical activity) in the association between personality and change in memory performance over 2 years. A nationally representative sample of 8,376 U.K. participants aged 55 years and older (4,572 women, 3,804 men) completed self-report measures of personality and health-related behavior in 2010, and completed a memory performance task in 2010 and 2012. After removing variance associated with potential confounding variables, neuroticism and agreeableness had negative associations, and openness and conscientiousness positive associations with change in memory performance. There were no moderation effects by age, sex, education level, or ethnicity. Multiple mediator models demonstrated that physical activity, television viewing, and alcohol intake mediated associations between personality and change in memory performance. These findings provide evidence that the association between personality and memory performance in older adults can be explained, in part, through health-related behavior.
Transmission of 8 DWDM channels at 20 Gb/s over 160 km of standard fiber using a cascade of semiconductor optical amplifiers

Eight DWDM channels in the wavelength region 1558-1570 nm, spaced at 200 GHz, are modulated at 20 Gb/s and transmitted over 160 km of SSMF (four 40-km spans) using four in-line SOA's. Transmitter booster-amplifiers and receiver preamplifiers are also SOA's, Q-factors better than 17 dB, corresponding to a BER of less than 3/spl middot/10/sup -13/, have been measured for all channels.
Necesidades psicológicas, motivación e inteligencia emocional en Educación Física

Motivation and emotional intelligence are very important in education, because they help to improve the learning and well-being of students. The main aim was to analyze the relationship between basic psychological needs, motivation, emotional intelligence, satisfaction with life and academic performance in physical education. A sample of 343 students from secondary education, aged between 11 and 17 years, was used (M = 13.78; DT = 1.28). The instruments used were: Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale, Perceived Locus of Causality Scale, Emotional Quotient inventory: Young Version, Satisfaction with Life Scale and the last course grade to measure the academic performance. The results showed positive correlations and predictive power between basic psychological needs, self-determined motivation types, emotional intelligence and possible consequences such as academic performance or satisfaction with life. At the same time, demotivation was associated with lower levels in the variables of study in the line of the self-determination theory. Furthemore, the psychological basic needs were shown as predictors of the self-determined motivation types and the emotional intelligence. These results indicate the importance of the basic psychological needs that will improve motivation and emotional aspects of the students, what can cause impact on academic performance or psychological well-being.
Influence of Age on Prognosis of Young Patients with Uveal Melanoma: A Matched Retrospective Cohort Study

Purpose. To determine the influence of patient age on life prognosis in patients with uveal melanoma. Design. Matched retrospective cohort study of 122 patients in each age category (young [≤20 years], mid-adults [21–60 years], older adults [>60 years]). Results. Kaplan-Meier estimates of tumor-related metastasis at 3, 5, and 10 years were 1%, 8%, and 8% in young; 8%, 11%, and 26% in mid-adults; and 13%, 16%, and 24% in older adults. After exclusion of iris melanoma, Kaplan-Meier estimates of tumor-related metastasis at 3, 5, and 10 years were 2%, 11%, and 18% in young; 9%, 14%, and 21% in mid-adults; and 9%, 34%, and 33% in older adults. Risk factors for metastasis based on multivariate analysis included increasing age in young (p=0.05, hazard ratio [HR] 1.33), male gender in mid-adults (p=0.046, HR 4.23), and larger tumor basal diameter in mid-adults (p=0.002, HR 1.37) and older adults (p=0.001, HR 1.30). After adjusting for tumor diameter, the metastatic rate was lower in young patients compared to mid-adults (0=0.042, HR 3.00) and older adults (p=0.007, HR 4.20). Conclusions. Younger patient age at the time of diagnosis of uveal melanoma is associated with lower rate of metastasis compared to mid-adults and older adults.
A holistic look at education of the Syrians under temporary protection in Turkey: policy, leadership and practice

ABSTRACT We sought to provide a holistic view of education of the Syrians under temporary protection by exploring two schooling models in terms of policy and practice for integration. Relying on social justice (SJ) framework as redistribution, recognition and representation, and on ecological framework, we adopted qualitative phenomenological approach with both interviews with principals and teachers integrating Syrian students and related policy text analysis. Our findings indicated that this is a patchy space although SJ framework is evident in the implementations of the school practitioners. Yet, the existing discrepancy between policy and practice as well as the unsystematic approach in evaluating various implementations leaves the rigor vague. Further conclusions and implications are discussed.
HDR Image Quality Enhancement Based on Spatially Variant Retinal Response

There is a growing demand for being able to display high dynamic range (HDR) images on low dynamic range (LDR) devices. Tone mapping is a process for enhancing HDR image quality on an LDR device by converting the tonal values of the original image from HDR to LDR. This paper proposes a new tone mapping algorithm for enhancing image quality by deriving a spatially-variant operator for imitating S-potential response in human retina, which efficiently improves local contrasts while conserving good global appearance. The proposed tone mapping operator is studied from a system construction point of view. It is found that the operator is regarded as a natural extension of the Retinex algorithm by adding a global adaptation process to the local adaptation. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm is examined in detail on experiments using standard HDR images and real HDR scene images, comparing with conventional tone mapping algorithms.
Dual Wavelength Passive and Hybrid Mode-Locking of a 10GHz Quantum Dot Laser Diode at 1.5µm

We report on stable dual-wavelength operation in passive and hybrid mode-locking of a 10GHz two-section InAs/InP(100) quantum dot laser diode operating at 1. 5μm. The range of stable passive mode-locking, the locking range of hybrid mode-locking and detailed measurements of the phase modulation in the output pulses will be presented. Keywordsmode-locked laser diode; quantum dot; hybrid mode-locking; dual-wavelength;
Letter to the editor concerning the article “Performance of gymnastics skill benefits from an external focus of attention” by Abdollahipour, Wulf, Psotta & Nieto (2015)

ABSTRACT Abdollahipour, Wulf, Psotta, and Nieto (2015) recently published data in the Journal of Sports Sciences to show that an external focus of attention promotes superior performance effects (gymnastics jump height and judged movement form score) when compared to internal or control foci during skill execution without an implement involved. While we do not contest the veracity of findings reported, nor others that have been used to support beneficial effects of an external focus of attention, in this Letter to the Editor we comment on considerable methodological limitations associated with this and previous studies that, we suggest, have resulted in serious theoretical oversights regarding the control of movement and, most crucially from our practitioner perspective, suboptimal recommendations for applied coaching practice. Specifically, we discuss the lack of consideration towards translational research in this area, the problematic nature of attentional focus cues employed, interpretation of findings in relation to other applied recommendations and coherence with mechanistic underpinning and, finally, the representative nature of task involved. In summary, while (laboratory) research evidence may appear to be conclusive, we suggest that the focus of attention effects are in need of more ecologically valid and rigorous testing as well as consideration of current coaching practices if it is to optimally serve the applied sporting domain that it purportedly aims to.