Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Health Information Matter for Modifying Consumption? A Field Experiment Measuring the Impact of Risk Information on Fish Consumption

A field experiment was conducted in France to evaluate the impact of health information on fish consumption. A warning revealed the risks of methyl mercury contamination in fish and gave consumption recommendations. A difference-in-differences estimation shows that this warning led to a statistically significant but relatively weak decrease in fish consumption. Consumption of the most contaminated fish did not decrease despite advice to avoid consumption of these fish. Accompanying questionnaires show that consumers imperfectly recall the fish species quoted in the warning. The results suggest a relatively poor efficacy of a complex health message, despite its use by several national health agencies.
Fostering Technological Entrepreneurship for Socioeconomic Development: A Case for Technology Incubation in Bayelsa State, Nigeria

There is an observed dearth of technological entrepreneurship across Africa, worse still, the Niger Delta region (NDR) of Nigeria. Entrepreneurship generally and technological entrepreneurship in particular are now considered as the engine for economic development. Technology-business incubators (TBI) are seen as a means of tackling developmental challenges. Most developed and emerging economies and developing countries have adopted TBI to fast-track the creation of new technology-based enterprises because of its more than 80% success rate of new venture creation, and have consequently benefited from its multiplier effects such as technology/knowledge transfer, employment generation and wealth creation. In the light of lack of data on incubation activities in Africa, more so for Nigeria, the paper highlights the contributions of TBIs to regional development. This to draw attention of stakeholders in the Yenagoa Technology Incubation Centre which will contribute to the socioeconomic and technological development of the State and NDR, by promoting technological entrepreneurship, eradicating poverty, enhancing Nigeria’s technological capability, thereby ultimately reducing her reliance on petroleum resources.
CFD Investigation of 2 D and 3 D Dynamic Stall

The results of numerical simulation for 2D and 3D dynamic stall case are presented. Square wings of NACA 0012 and NACA 0015 sections were used and comparisons are made against experimental data from Wernert et al.for the 2D and Schreck and Helin for the 3D cases. The well-known 2D dynamic stall configuration is present on the symmetry plane of the 3D cases. Similarities between the 2D and 3D cases, however, are restricted upto the midspan and the flowfield is markedly different as the wing-tip is approached. Visualisation of the 3D simulation results revealed the same omega-shaped dynamic stall vortex which was observed in the experiments by Freymuth, Horner et al.and Schreck and Helin. Detailed comparison between experiments and simulation for the surface pressure distributions is also presented along with the time histories of the integrated loads. To our knowledge this is the first detailed study of 3D dynamic stall. 1 Notation α Nondimensional pitch rateα = dα dt c Uinf c Chord length of the aerofoil CP Pressure coefficient CP = 1 2ρU inf (P − Pinf ) CL Lift coefficient CL = 1 2cρU inf (L) d Distance along the normal to chord direction x Chord-wise coordinate axis (CFD) y Normal coordinate axis (CFD) z Span-wise coordinate axis (CFD) k Reduced frequency of oscillation, k = ωc 2Uinf L Lift force M Mach number Re Reynolds number, Re = ρUinf c/μ U Local streamwise Velocity Uinf Free-stream streamwise velocity Greek α Oscillatory incidence α0 Mean incidence for oscillatory cases α1 Amplitude of oscillation ρ Density ρ∞ Density at free-stream Acronyms AoA Angle of Attack AR Aspect Ratio PA Pitch Axis CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics PIV Particle Image Velocimetry LDA Laser Doppler Anemometry 1Presented at the AHS 4th Decennial Specialist’s Conference on Aeromechanics, San Fransisco, California, january 21-23, 2004. Copyright c ©2004 by the American Helicopter Society International, Inc.
Optical Thomson scatter from a laser-ablated magnesium plume

We have carried out an optical Thomson scatter study of a KrF laser-ablated Mg plume. The evolution of the electron temperature and density at distances 2–5mm from the target surface has been studied. We have observed that the electron density falls more rapidly than the atomic density and believe that this is a result of rapid dielectronic recombination. A comparison of the electron density profile and evolution with simple hydrodynamic modeling indicates that there is a strong absorption of the laser in the plasma vapor above the target, probably due to photoionization. We also conclude that an isothermal model of expansion better fits the data than an isentropic expansion model. Finally, we compared data obtained from Thomson scatter with those obtained by emission spectroscopy under similar conditions. The two sets of data have differences but are broadly consistent.
Daily Indian Precipitation Analysis Formed from a Merge of Rain-Gauge Data with the TRMM TMPA Satellite-Derived Rainfall Estimates

The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) and Precipitation Radar (PR) have enhanced the accuracy of rainfall estimation from satellites over ocean and land. An algorithm to merge TRMM Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) satellite estimates with the India Meteorological Department (IMD) rain-gauge values is tested for the Indian monsoon region. A daily merged gauge and satellite data product (NMSG) at 1° latitude-longitude resolution for the Indian monsoon region is prepared to depict the large-scale aspects of monsoon rainfall. The satellite product used as a first guess is the TRMM TMPA for daily estimates. Incorporation of IMD gauge data corrects the mean biases of the TMPA values. TMPA alone is able to depict the space-time distribution of monsoon rainfall patterns. The merging of gauge data enhances the value of the satellite information; therefore, the NMSG is more representative than TMPA. Daily, monthly, and seasonal fields are prepared and compared with the land-only gridded data of the India Meteorological Department National Climate Centre (IMDNCC) at the same resolution. This inter-comparison with another independent dataset confirms the utility of the NMSG, produced by this objective analysis algorithm. The comparison of the merged data with the TMPA data reveals the regions where the satellite estimates have mean biases. Objective statistical scores also confirm the goodness of NMSG. The NMSG data are meant for use in verification of large-scale rainfall features from numerical models for the monsoon region.
The basic Laplacian of a Riemannian foliation

We study the basic Laplacian on Riemannian foliations by writing the basic Laplacian in terms of the orthogonal projection from square-integrable forms to basic square-integrable forms. Using a geometric interpretation of this projection, we relate the ordinary Laplacian to the basic Laplacian. Among other results, we show the existence of the basic heat kernel and establish estimates for the eigenvalues of the basic Laplacian. Introduction. Let M be a compact oriented manifold and let be a transver- sally oriented foliation on M. A foliation is a Riemannian foliation if there exists a Riemannian metric on M with the property that the distance from one leaf of to another is locally constant; such a metric is called a bundle-like metric for . Associated to are the space of basic forms: Ω B(M )= Ω B ( M , )= Ω ( M ): i(X) =0 , i ( X ) d = 0 for all X Γ(T ) , where i(X) is the interior product with the vector field X and Γ(T ) denotes the sections of the distribution T associated to . The exterior derivative d maps basic forms to basic forms; let dB denote d restricted to Ω B (M). The basic Laplacian is the operator ΔB = dB B + BdB on basic forms, where B is the adjoint of dB on Ω B (M). The analytic and geometric properties of this operator have been studied by several researchers. In (5), the basic Laplacian was studied as an operator on basic functions (i.e., functions that are constant on leaves of ), and the author proved the existence of the heat kernel in this case. In (13), the existence of the heat kernel on basic forms was proved for the case where the mean curvature form of the foliation is basic. There are also "basic" Hodge theorems, for example (6) and (10). However, the proof of the Hodge theorem in (6) does not yield various estimates that are important in applications, while the theorem proved in (10) has the same restriction as the results in (13), namely that the authors require the mean curvature form to be basic. In this paper, we study the basic Laplacian on forms, without any restriction on the mean curvature. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the heat kernel for ΔB on forms for any Riemannian foliation, and we write down an explicit formula for the heat kernel. We also present a proof of the Hodge theorem for
Clinical and Histomorphological Profile of Breast Neoplasms

death among women after lung cancer.2 In some of the studies, it occurs secondary to cervical cancer,3,4 presently 75,000 new cases occur in Indian women every year.5 Etiology of breast cancer is multifactorial. It includes diet, reproductive lifestyle, environmental and genetic factors.4 This study is intended to clarify the epidemiological and pathological features of breast cancer to adopt an adequate strategy of care in our area.
Effects of habitat fragmentation on birds and mammals in landscapes with different proportions of suitable habitat: a review

Habitat fragmentation implies a loss of habitat, reduced patch size and an increasing distance between patches, but also an increase of new habitat. Simulations of patterns and geometry of landscapes with decreasing proportion of the suitable habitat give rise to the prediction that the effect of habitat fragmentation on e.g. population size of a species would be primarily through habitat loss in landscape with a high proportion of suitable habitat. However, ast the proportion of suitable habitat
Market Microstructure: Rationality As Defined By The Economic Maxims And Rationality As Defined By Fama, Efficient Market Hypotheses And Opportunity To Beat Share Markets

This paper reviews the theory of market microstructure rigorously with the objective to relate it to the rationality as defined by the economic maxims and as defined by Fama, efficient market hypotheses and to infer what the theory has to say about the opportunity to beat the stock markets. It was found that the concept of rationality as defined by the economic maxims is inherent in dealer’s optimization problem, multiple provider of liquidity and the information based model. While the concept of rationality as defined by Fama is embedded in the later development in information based model that considers private information as another source of risk for non informed investors. Efficient market hypotheses is linked to the dealer’s optimization problem and information based model.
On the pointfree counterpart of the local definition of classical continuous maps

The familiar classical result that a continuous map from a space $X$ to a space $Y$ can be defined by giving continuous maps $varphi_U: U to Y$ on each member $U$ of an open cover ${mathfrak C}$ of $X$ such that $varphi_Umid U cap V = varphi_V mid U cap V$ for all $U,V in {mathfrak C}$ was recently shown to have an exact analogue in pointfree topology, and the same was done for the familiar classical counterpart concerning finite closed covers of a space $X$ (Picado and Pultr [4]). This note presents alternative proofs of these pointfree results which differ from those of [4] by treating the issue in terms of frame homomorphisms while the latter deals with the dual situation concerning localic maps. A notable advantage of the present approach is that it also provides proofs of the analogous results for some significant variants of frames which are not covered by the localic arguments.
Research : Educational and Psychological Aspects Experiences of closed-loop insulin delivery among pregnant women with Type 1 diabetes

Aims To explore the experiences of pregnant women with Type 1 diabetes, and the relationships between perceptions of glucose control, attitudes to technology and glycaemic responses with regard to closed-loop insulin delivery. Methods We recruited 16 pregnant women with Type 1 diabetes [mean ± SD age 34.1 ± 4.6 years, duration of diabetes 23.6 ± 7.2 years, baseline HbA1c 51±5 mmol/mol (6.8 ± 0.6%)] to a randomized crossover trial of sensor-augmented pump therapy vs automated closed-loop therapy. Questionnaires (Diabetes Technology Questionnaire, Hypoglycaemia Fear Survey) were completed before and after each intervention, with qualitative interviews at baseline and follow-up. A cc ep te d A rt ic le This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Results Women described the benefits and burdens of closed-loop systems during pregnancy. Feelings of improved glucose control, excitement and empowerment were counterbalanced by concerns about device visibility, obsessive data checking and diminished attentiveness to hyperand hypoglycaemia symptoms. Responding to questionnaires, 80% of participants felt less worry about overnight hypoglycaemia and that diabetes ‘did not run their lives’; however, 45% reported that closed-loop increased time thinking about diabetes, and 33% felt it made sleep and preventing hyperglycaemia more problematic. Women slightly overestimated their glycaemic response to closed-loop therapy. Most became more positive in their technology attitudes throughout pregnancy. Women with more positive technology attitudes had higher degrees of overestimation, and poorer levels of glycaemic control. Conclusions Women displayed complex psychosocial responses to closed-loop therapy in pregnancy. Perceptions of glycaemic response may diverge from biomedical data.
What Drives Adult Personality Development? A Comparison of Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Evidence

Increasing numbers of empirical studies provide compelling evidence that personality traits change across the entire lifespan. What initiates this continuing personality development and how does this development proceed? In this paper, we compare six theoretical perspectives that offer testable predictions about why personality develops the way it does and identify limitations and potentials of these perspectives by reviewing how they hold up against the empirical evidence. While all of these perspectives have received some empirical support, there is only little direct evidence for propositions put forward by the five–factor theory of personality and the theory of genotype → environment effects. In contrast, the neo–socioanalytic theory appears to offer a comprehensive framework that fits the empirical findings and allows the integration of other, more specialized, perspectives that focus on specific aspects of personality development like the role of time, systematic differences between categories of social roles or the active partake of the person himself or herself. We draw conclusions on the likely driving factors for adult personality development and identify avenues for future research. Copyright © 2014 European Association of Personality Psychology
A Survey of Limitations and Enhancements of the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks: A Focus on Core Operations

Driven by the special requirements of the low-power and lossy networks (LLNs), the IPv6 routing protocol for LLNs (RPL) was standardized by the IETF some six years ago to tackle the routing issue in such networks. Since its introduction, however, numerous studies have pointed out that, in its current form, RPL suffers from issues that limit its efficiency and domain of applicability. Thus, several solutions have been proposed in the literature in an attempt to overcome these identified limitations. In this survey, we aim mainly to provide a comprehensive review of these research proposals assessing whether such proposals have succeeded in overcoming the standard reported limitations related to its core operations. Although some of RPL’s weaknesses have been addressed successfully, the study found that the proposed solutions remain deficient in overcoming several others. Hence, the study investigates where such proposals still fall short, the challenges and pitfalls to avoid, thus would help researchers formulate a clear foundation for the development of further successful extensions in future allowing the protocol to be applied more widely.
Material speculation: actual artifacts for critical inquiry

Speculative and fictional approaches have long been implemented in human-computer interaction and design techniques through scenarios, prototypes, forecasting, and envisionments. Recently, speculative and critical design approaches have reflectively explored and questioned possible, and preferable futures in HCI research. We propose a complementary concept -- material speculation -- that utilizes actual and situated design artifacts in the everyday as a site of critical inquiry. We see the literary theory of possible worlds and the related concept of the counterfactual as informative to this work. We present five examples of interaction design artifacts that can be viewed as material speculations. We conclude with a discussion of characteristics of material speculations and their implications for future design-oriented research.
Importance of Remotely-Sensed Vegetation Variables for Predicting the Spatial Distribution of African Citrus Triozid (Trioza erytreae) in Kenya

Citrus is considered one of the most important fruit crops globally due to its contribution to food and nutritional security. However, the production of citrus has recently been in decline due to many biological, environmental, and socio-economic constraints. Amongst the biological ones, pests and diseases play a major role in threatening citrus quantity and quality. The most damaging disease in Kenya, is the African citrus greening disease (ACGD) or Huanglongbing (HLB) which is transmitted by the African citrus triozid (ACT), Trioza erytreae. HLB in Kenya is reported to have had the greatest impact on citrus production in the highlands, causing yield losses of 25% to 100%. This study aimed at predicting the occurrence of ACT using an ecological habitat suitability modeling approach. Specifically, we tested the contribution of vegetation phenological variables derived from remotely-sensed (RS) data combined with bio-climatic and topographical variables (BCL) to accurately predict the distribution of ACT in citrus-growing areas in Kenya. A MaxEnt (maximum entropy) suitability modeling approach was used on ACT presence-only data. Forty-seven (47) ACT observations were collected while 23 BCL and 12 RS covariates were used as predictor variables in the MaxEnt modeling. The BCL variables were extracted from the WorldClim data set, while the RS variables were predicted from vegetation phenological time-series data (spanning the years 2014–2016) and annually-summed land surface temperature (LST) metrics (2014–2016). We developed two MaxEnt models; one including both the BCL and the RS variables (BCL-RS) and another with only the BCL variables. Further, we tested the relationship between ACT habitat suitability and the surrounding land use/land cover (LULC) proportions using a random forest regression model. The results showed that the combined BCL-RS model predicted the distribution and habitat suitability for ACT better than the BCL-only model. The overall accuracy for the BCL-RS model result was 92% (true skills statistic: TSS = 0.83), whereas the BCL-only model had an accuracy of 85% (TSS = 0.57). Also, the results revealed that the proportion of shrub cover surrounding citrus orchards positively influenced the suitability probability of the ACT. These results provide a resourceful tool for precise, timely, and site-specific implementation of ACGD control strategies.
Fine-scale habitat selection of crabeater seals as determined by diving behavior

Previous studies within the Marguerite Bay region of the Antarctic Peninsula ( 671S, 671W) demonstrated that during winter, crabeater seals (Lobodon carcinophagus) were not randomly distributed across available habitat, but instead were more likely to be located in nearshore waters where bathymetric gradients and ice concentrations were high. Here, we investigate how the diving patterns of crabeater seals vary in response to these habitat characteristics, and interpret seal behaviors in light of information on the distribution of their primary prey, krill (Euphausia superba or Euphausia crystallorophias). Diving and movement patterns were obtained from 34 seals (16 male, 18 female) fitted with satellite-relayed data loggers (SRDLs) during the 2001 and 2002 Southern Ocean GLOBEC cruises. Tags transmitted position and dive information for 4–174 days, during which time we received an average of 21 positions/day, and information on a total of 124,681 dives. A series of generalized linear mixed-effect models (GLMM) were used to evaluate the relationship between diving behavior and temporal and physical features of the habitat, and models contrasted using AICc and BIC weights. Overall, we found that the most parsimonious models included year, month, and period (day, dusk, night). In general, seals dived deeper (158 vs. 73m) and longer (432 vs. 360 s) during the day than at night. In addition, daytime dives included slightly more time at the foraging depths (142 vs. 102 s), and were slightly more efficient (24% vs. 21% of the dive cycle spent at the bottom). When dive patterns were examined with respect to bathymetry, models indicated that seals were foraging in shallower waters (366 vs. 410m) and closer to the bottom (dives were 50.3% vs. 26.3% of bathymetric depth) during the day than at night. In combination, these findings suggest that crabeater seals foraging during the day exploited zooplankton schools compressed along the bottom. At night, when zooplankton were dispersed and light levels low, foraging activity was less frequent and seals concentrated their diving closer to the surface over a broader range of habitat depths. As individual seals moved an average of only 4.171. 4 km between daytime and nighttime positions, these results suggest that crabeater seals diving along the Western Antarctic Peninsula select areas of high bathymetric gradients so that they can maximize foraging success over a 24-h cycle without the need to travel long distances. However, annual differences in behavior and the generally low amount of deviation explained by models also suggests that seals vary their diving behavior in response to finer-scale biological, temporal, and/or physical features that were not monitored as part of this study. r 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Impact of Donor Age, Gender and Handling Time on the DNA Concentration Left on Different Surfaces

We analyzed the correlation between several factors (donor age and gender, and handling time) and trace DNA concentration that participants left on different surfaces (paper, plastic, plastic coated metal) while holding items in their hands or rubbing them with their fingers, their palms, and the side of the palm of the dominant hand. Sixty participants took part in the study. Items were swabbed with a moistened cotton swab. DNA was isolated using the Chelex procedure and quantified by real-time PCR. We found that DNA concentration transferred to an item was independent of the handling time. On the contrary, it was dependent on the item’s texture ; the greatest concentration was left on plastic coated metal and the least on paper. The greatest concentration of trace DNA was left by participants from 35 to 44 years of age. Results of the study showed that men deposit a higher DNA concentration than do women. Item texture, donor age, and gender influence trace DNA concentration. Further investigations are necessary to fully understand the process of DNA transfer from donors to handled items.