Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of long-term selenium yeast intervention on activity and gene expression of antioxidant and xenobiotic metabolising enzymes in healthy elderly volunteers from the Danish Prevention of Cancer by Intervention by Selenium (PRECISE) Pilot Study

Numerous mechanisms have been proposed to explain the anti-carcinogenic effects of Se, among them altered carcinogen metabolism. We investigated the effect of Se supplementation on activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in different blood compartments, and expression of selected phase 1 and phase 2 genes in leucocytes (GPX1, γ-glutamylcysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), AP-1 transcription factor Fos-related antigen 1 (Fra1), NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AhRR)). Healthy elderly Danes (n 105; age 71·3 (sd 4·26) years; 36 % reporting use of multivitamin/mineral supplements) participated and were supplemented daily for 5 years with placebo, 100 μg, 200 μg or 300 μg Se as Se-enriched yeast (SelenoPrecise®). Blood samples were collected after 5 years of intervention. When all four groups were compared we found no effect of Se supplementation on plasma GPX or GR, on erythrocyte GPX, GR or GST, or on thrombocyte GR or GST. We found increased thrombocyte GPX activity at the two highest dosage levels in women only, but not in men. No effects on GPX1, NQO1 or AhRR gene expression were found. When all Se-supplemented groups were pooled we found significant down regulation of the expression of some phase 2 genes (GCLC, Fra1). A significant increase in AhRR gene expression with smoking was found but was independent of Se supplementation. Down regulation of phase 2 genes could increase the risk of cancer. However, further studies are needed to establish whether the observed effect in leucocytes reflects a similar expression pattern in target tissues.
Potential for inappropriate therapeutic application of drug as a result of the use of cell substrates of uncertain derivation.

Because of the obvious interest in the antibiotic and partic ularly the antitumor activity of macromomycin, VandrÃ©ef al. (10) have undertaken a study to determine the effects of this drug on macromolecular synthesis in a variety of cells in tissue culture. While care was taken to list the attributed biological sources of cells, it is unfortunate that 4 of the 5 lines studied are in fact of questioned provenance, and the data, if called upon to serve a purpose in defining therapeutic merits of the drug with respect to tissue-specific tumors, could be mislead
Effect of Vecuronium and Pancuronium on Cardiac Performance and Transmural Myocardial Perfusion During Ketamine Anaesthesia

The haemodynamic effects of vecuronium and pancuronium were studied in 20 healthy patients during diazepam/ketamine anaesthesia. Anaesthesia was induced with glycopyrrolate 3 Hg/kg, diazepam 0.3 mg/kg and ketamine 1.0 mg/kg as a bolus and 1.0 mg/kg over 10 min. After induction, anaesthesia was maintained with ketamine infusion 1.0 mg/kg/h. The lungs were ventilated with 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen. Equipotent doses of vecuronium (74 μg/kg) or pancuronium (99 μg/kg) were administered for intubation. The thoracic impedance, ECG and phonocardiogram were recorded during the induction of anaesthesia. The results suggest that vecuronium has no cardiovascular effects during ketamine anaesthesia, whereas pancuronium due to its chronotropic effect, causes a deterioration in left ventricular performance.
Intubation with Airtraq™ laryngoscope in a morbidly obese patient

In the present study, we report a case of successful endotracheal intubation using Airtraq™ Laryngoscope (AQL) in a morbidly obese patient. A 35-year-old woman, morbidly obese (weight, 105 kg; height, 160 cm; BMI, 41 kg/m2), known hypertensive and diabetic, was admitted in the operating room for total abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthesia. The preoperative airway assessment anticipated both difficult bag-mask ventilation and intubation. Tracheal intubation using AQL was attempted after induction with propofol and relaxation with succinylcholine. Successful tracheal intubation was accomplished within 12 seconds of insertion of AQL into the oral cavity. The minimal hemodynamic response during this maneuver was advantageous in our patient.
Correlates of breast cancer screening among low-income, low-education Latinas.

INTRODUCTION This paper discusses the factors associated with breast cancer screening among low-education, low-income Latinas. BACKGROUND These data were collected as part of a breast cancer educational intervention study aimed at this population. The objective of the larger study was to evaluate multimedia methods as an appropriate medium for educating this population of Latinas about breast cancer. METHODS The study was designed as a field experiment with a pre and posttest design. A total of 1,197 individuals participated in the study, and these were all self-identified Latinas above the age of 40 years who fit the screening criteria of low income and education levels. Of these, 583 individuals provided the baseline (pretest) data on mammogram attitudes, knowledge, and intentions analyzed in this paper. RESULTS Our results indicate that breast cancer screening knowledge and having a regular doctor were significant factors in ever having had a mammogram and having had a recent mammogram in this sample of low-income, low-education Latinas. Age affected the odds of ever having had a mammogram, but not a recent mammogram. CONCLUSION Attitudes toward mammography, insurance status, and demographic factors such as foreign birth were not significant predictors of mammography screening in this study.
Particle retention by respiratory epithelial cells is associated with persistent biological effect

Abstract The biological effect of particles on respiratory epithelial cells involves, in part, the generation of an oxidative stress and a consequent cascade of reactions culminating in inflammatory mediator release. Whether there is either an immediate, transitory activation or a persistent response of the cells to the particles has not been established. We tested the postulate that respiratory epithelial cells exposed to wood smoke particle (WSP) would demonstrate increased oxidative stress and mediator release following re-seeding and propagation of the cells for two generations post-initial exposure. BEAS-2B cells grown to confluence (G0) in 75 cm2 flasks were treated for 18 h with the WSP at 0, 25, 50 and 100 µg/ml. The flasks were then used to seed another set of flasks as well as 12- and 96-well plates (G1). These flasks were similarly grown to confluence and the process repeated (G2). Cell viability was assayed using trypan blue dye exclusion and was >85%. Dichlorohydrofluorescein fluorescence after exposure of BEAS-2B cells to 50 and 100 µg/ml WSP increased in all three generations when expressed as a ratio to unexposed cells. Similarly, IL-6 and IL-8 release following the initial exposure of cells to 100 µg/ml WSP increased in all three generations when expressed as a ratio to unexposed cells. The persistence of oxidative stress and inflammatory mediator release for two generations of cells beyond the initial exposure supports a postulate of continued cell response to retained particle.
Slope of autocorrelation function of detrended 24-hour RR-intervals independently predicts mortality in postinfarction patients

Although Heart Rate VariabiliQ (HRV) was shown to be associated with mortulity of post myocardial infurction (Mi) patients, the clinical use of conventional HRV parameters is limited. We proposed new method based on the analysis of autocorrelation function (ACF) of detrended RR interval recordings. One thousand four hundred f f r y five consecutive post MI patients were enrolled into the prospective blinded study at German Heart Center in Munich. The RR intervals were extracted from 24 k Holter recordings using integrated sojiwure. The linear trend was estimated and subtracted from RR recordings. The ACF(m) was calculated for original and detrended RR-intervals. The slope (AS) of regression line fitted for ACF (m; m=I.IO) was dichotomized ut AS=-O.0025. AS >-0.0025 was considered as pathological. The signijkant association of pathological AS was revealed in univariate analysis (Log Rank =39.19, p
The Pure Theory of Consumers Behavior

I. Introduction, 545. — II. The main postulates of the theory of choice, 548. — Analytical treatment of classical scheme, 551. — Discussion of stability conditions, 553. — III. Introduction of a saturation region, 557. — Analytical treatment of the case involving two commodities, 558. — IV. The theory of choice applied to fixed incomes, 562. — Correspondence between two and three dimensional cases, 564. —V. Indifference varieties vs. integral varieties, 565. — Consistent preferential fields, 565. — Transitivity condition, 567. — VI. Analytical treatment of an alternate scheme leading to indeterminateness of exchange equilibrium, 568. — Individual and market demand laws, 583. —VII. Conclusions, 584. — Appendix. Mathematical note on the conditions of stability in an exchange with constant prices, 588.
Comparison of Clinical, Radiographic, and Immunologic Inflammatory Parameters Around Dental Implants with Cement-Retained and Screw-Retained Restorations: A 5-Year Prospective Cohort Study in Men.

PURPOSE To compare bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD; ≥ 4 mm), radiographic (peri-implant crestal bone loss [CBL]), and immunologic inflammatory (interleukin-1beta [IL-1β] and matrix metalloproteinase-9 [MMP-9]) parameters around dental implants with cement-retained (CR) and screw-retained (SR) implant-supported crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on the mode of retention of the restoration, 51 patients were divided into two groups: Group 1, consisting of 26 single implants restored with CR crowns, and Group 2, consisting of 25 single implants restored with SR crowns. Peri-implant BoP, PD, and CBL were scored, and levels of IL-1β and MMP-9 in the peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) in both groups were measured in duplicate using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Full-mouth mechanical debridement was performed biannually in both groups. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test with the significance level set at P < . 05. RESULTS The mean CBL among implants in groups 1 and 2 was 1.7 ± 0.5 mm and 1.7 ± 0.4 mm, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in mean BoP, PD, and CBL among implants in both groups (P > .05). There was no statistically significant difference between groups 1 and 2 in the PICF levels of IL-1β (7.3 ± 0.5 and 7.2 ± 0.5, respectively) and MMP-9 (165 ± 9.4 and 182 ± 10.6, respectively) (P > .05). CONCLUSION The mode of retention of implant-supported crowns does not appear to affect their clinical correlations with BoP, PD, CBL, and levels of IL-1β and MMP-9 in the PICF when zinc oxide eugenol cement is used.
An integrated adoption model for mobile services

This paper presents an integrated model for mobile services adoption using perceived usefulness, ease of use and enjoyment, and three groups of external factors, namely, service-related factors, user-related factors and technology-related factors, that affect perceived usefulness. An e-mail survey of 777 users and the analysis of a structural equation model support the research model in explaining the integrated aspects of adoption by examining the factors affecting intention to use mobile services. Differential effects of perceived enjoyment exist for services adoption among information, transaction and entertainment services. This suggests that service providers should align system functionality with service requirements for enjoyment.
Expression of mRNAs Encoding Subunits of the NMDA Receptor in Developing Rat Brain

Abstract: Developmental changes in the levels of N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit mRNAs were identified in rat brain using solution hybridization/RNase protection assays. Pronounced increases in the levels of mRNAs encoding NR1 and NR2A were seen in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum between postnatal days 7 and 20. In cortex and hippocampus, the expression of NR2B mRNA was high in neonatal rats and remained relatively constant over time. In contrast, in cerebellum, the level of NR2B mRNA was highest at postnatal day 1 and declined to undetectable levels by postnatal day 28. NR2C mRNA was not detectable in cerebellum before postnatal day 11, after which it increased to reach adult levels by postnatal day 28. In cortex, the expression of NR2A and NR2B mRNAs corresponds to the previously described developmental profile of NMDA receptor subtypes having low and high affinities for ifenprodil, i.e., a delayed expression of NR2A correlating with the late expression of low‐affinity ifenprodil sites. In cortex and hippocampus, the predominant splice variants of NR1 were those without the 5′ insert and with or without both 3′ inserts. In cerebellum, however, the major NR1 variants were those containing the 5′ insert and lacking both 3′ inserts. The results show that the expression of NR1 splice variants and NR2 subunits is differentially regulated in various brain regions during development. Changes in subunit expression are likely to underlie some of the changes in the functional and pharmacological properties of NMDA receptors that occur during development.
Acute coronary syndrome and cocaine use: 8-year prevalence and inhospital outcomes.

AIMS The use of cocaine as a recreational drug has increased in recent years. The aims of this study were to analyse the prevalence and in-hospital evolution of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) associated with cocaine consumption (ACS-ACC). METHODS AND RESULTS Prospective analysis of ACS patients admitted to a coronary care unit from January 2001 to December 2008. During the study period, 2752 patients were admitted for ACS, and among these 479 were ≤50 years of age. Fifty-six (11.7%) patients had a medical history of cocaine use with an increase in prevalence from 6.8% in 2001 to 21.7% in 2008 (P = 0.035). Among patients younger than 30 years of age, 25% admitted to being users compared with 5.5% of those aged 45-50 years (P = 0.007). Similarly, the prevalence of positive urine tests for cocaine was four times higher in the younger patients (18.2 vs. 4.1%, P = 0.035). Acute coronary syndrome associated with cocaine consumption patients (n = 24; those who had a positive urine test for cocaine or who admitted to being users upon admission) had larger myocardial infarcts as indicated by troponin I levels (52.9 vs. 23.4 ng/mL, P < 0.001), lower the left ventricular ejection fraction (44.5 vs. 52.2%, P = 0.049), and increased in-hospital mortality (8.3 vs. 0.8%, P = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS The association between cocaine use and ACS has increased significantly over the past few years. Young adults with ACS-ACC that require admission to the coronary care unit have greater myocardial damage and more frequent complications.
Cloning and Expression of Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Steroidogenic Factor 1: Overlap with Hypothalamic but Not with Telencephalic Aromatase1

Abstract The zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) brain is highly sexually dimorphic. The organization and production of sex-specific song is considerably influenced by estrogens and androgens. Because the brain itself expresses several steroidogenic enzymes, the local production of sex steroids may contribute to sex differences in neural development. Sex steroid production in gonads is directed by a master regulatory factor, steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1). We have identified a cDNA encoding the homologue of SF1 in the zebra finch and utilized reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization to examine early and late developmental expression of SF1 in brain and in early gonadal development. We found that SF1 is expressed early in embryonic development in the Rathke pouch, beginning at stage 15 and extending to at least stage 27 in both males and females. The earliest expression of SF1 in gonads was found at stage 17 for both males and females and extended to at least stage 27. In brain, we assessed SF1 mRNA expression in posthatch and adult telencephalon, and we compared SF1 and aromatase mRNA expression in adult hypothalamus. In the telencephalon and hippocampus, aromatase was expressed independently of SF1, whereas in the hypothalamus, aromatase and SF1 expression were more closely associated. Expression of SF1 and of aromatase overlapped in restricted regions of the hypothalamus, suggesting that SF1 may regulate aromatase expression in these regions. These findings suggest that steroidogenesis in the zebra finch brain may be regulated by both SF1-dependent and SF1-independent mechanisms. No sex differences were detected in SF1 expression in brain.
Enterprise Risk Management: Review, Critique, and Research Directions

Many regulators, rating agencies, executives, and academics have responded to recent corporate scandals and business failures by advocating and embracing a new approach to risk management: enterprise risk management (ERM). ERM proposes the integrated management of all the risks an organization faces, which inherently requires alignment of risk management with corporate governance and strategy. Academic research on ERM is still in its infancy with articles largely in accounting and finance journals, but rarely in management journals. We argue that ERM offers an important new domain of research for management scholars. A critical review of ERM research allows us to identify limitations and gaps that management scholars are best equipped to address. The paper not only identifies how management scholars can contribute to ERM research, but also points out why ERM research (and practice) needs management research for its development.
A randomized, controlled trial of magnesium sulfate for the prevention of cerebral palsy.

BACKGROUND Research suggests that fetal exposure to magnesium sulfate before preterm birth might reduce the risk of cerebral palsy. METHODS In this multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned women at imminent risk for delivery between 24 and 31 weeks of gestation to receive magnesium sulfate, administered intravenously as a 6-g bolus followed by a constant infusion of 2 g per hour, or matching placebo. The primary outcome was the composite of stillbirth or infant death by 1 year of corrected age or moderate or severe cerebral palsy at or beyond 2 years of corrected age. RESULTS A total of 2241 women underwent randomization. The baseline characteristics were similar in the two groups. Follow-up was achieved for 95.6% of the children. The rate of the primary outcome was not significantly different in the magnesium sulfate group and the placebo group (11.3% and 11.7%, respectively; relative risk, 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77 to 1.23). However, in a prespecified secondary analysis, moderate or severe cerebral palsy occurred significantly less frequently in the magnesium sulfate group (1.9% vs. 3.5%; relative risk, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.95). The risk of death did not differ significantly between the groups (9.5% vs. 8.5%; relative risk, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.85 to 1.47). No woman had a life-threatening event. CONCLUSIONS Fetal exposure to magnesium sulfate before anticipated early preterm delivery did not reduce the combined risk of moderate or severe cerebral palsy or death, although the rate of cerebral palsy was reduced among survivors. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00014989.)
A SIMD Cellular Processor Array Vision Chip With Asynchronous Processing Capabilities

This paper describes an architecture and implementation of a digital vision chip that features mixed asynchronous/synchronous processing techniques. The vision chip is based on a massively parallel cellular array of processing elements, which incorporate a photo-sensor with an ADC and digital processing circuit, consisting of 64 bits of local memory, ALU, flag register and communication units. The architecture has two modes of operation: synchronous SIMD mode for low-level image processing based on local pixel data, and continuous-time mode for global operations. Additionally, the periphery circuits enable asynchronous address extraction, fixed pattern addressing and flexible, random access data I/O. A 19 × 22 proof-of-concept array has been manufactured in 0.35 μm CMOS technology. The chip delivers 15.6 GOPS for binary and 1 GOPS for grayscale operations dissipating 26.4 mW, while operating at 2.5 V and 75 MHz clock. Experimental measurements indicate that the presented concept favorably compares with other digital and analog vision chips. The results of low- and medium-level image processing on the chip are presented.
Statins’ effect on plasma levels of Coenzyme Q10 and improvement in myopathy with supplementation

Purpose: Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitors, or statins, are medications at the forefront of the battle against cardiovascular disease. Despite their effectiveness, patient compliance with statins has lagged because of medication cost and adverse effects, namely myopathy. Myopathy is the most common side effect of statin use. The purpose of this review is to report plasma levels of CoQ10 in patients taking statins and then to determine the benefit of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on statin‐related myopathy as evidenced by symptomatic improvement and increase in serum levels of CoQ10. Data sources: CINAHL, Medline, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, and Cochrane Library. Conclusions: Evidence from this review suggests that studies showed a significant relationship between statin intake and decreased serum levels of CoQ10. A few studies showed a benefit in symptoms of myalgia or improvement of serum levels of CoQ10 with supplementation. One study showed no benefit of CoQ10 supplementation when taken with statins. There were no risks of supplementation reported in any of the studies. Implications for Practice: CoQ10 supplementation might benefit those patients suffering from statin‐induced myopathy as evidenced by the results of these studies. Supplementation of CoQ10 at a dose of between 30 and 200 mg daily has shown to have beneficial effects on statin myopathy with no noted side effects. Further research is necessary.