Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LIGAND-INDUCED MOVEMENT OF LYMPHOCYTE MEMBRANE MACROMOLECULES

The fate of different complexes on the membrane of thymocytes and spleen lymphocytes was studied with the use of both immunofluorescence and ultrastructural radioautography. The complexes of anti-immunoglobulin (Ig) with the surface Ig of B lymphocytes were present all around the membrane at 4°C; an increase in temperature produced a rapid aggregation of the complex into a cap which was readily interiorized in vesicles. Ultrastructural details of this process were given. The movement of the complexes depended upon the amount of anti-Ig and the temperature. The complexes of anti-lymphocyte antibody with surface antigen(s) did not result in formation of a single large aggregate (or cap) unless an anti-antibody was brought into the reaction. The caps formed by this trilayered complex were not interiorized. Concanavalin A (Con A) bound to cell surface carbohydrate moieties and the complexes of Con A readily formed a cap and were interiorized. Finally, antibodies to H-2 determinants did not form in most instances a single cap aggregate even when anti-antibodies were used. With time the H-2 complexes tended to form several large aggregates with some endocytosis.
The impact of short selling on market efficiency

This article studies how short-sale constraints affect price efficiency in Brazilian stocks. The study uses a data set with all equity loan deals done in Brazil between January 2009 and July 2011. The main findings are the mapping of efficiency stock characteristics (i.e. stocks with more liquidity, larger size and greater book-to-market); an evidence of efficiency risk premium paid for investors that keep price-inefficient stocks in their portfolio; a positive relation between short selling and price efficiency and the event study of tax arbitrage, where it’s possible to check that price inefficiency is positively related to short selling during the payment of interest on net equity.
Responses to supplementation by dairy cows given low pasture allowances in different seasons 2. Milk production

Two factorial experiments were designed to determine the effects of stage of lactation, and season of the year, on cow responses to supplementary feeding. These experiments were conducted over consecutive years with 128 high genetic merit multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows in early, mid and late lactation in spring, summer, autumn and winter. At each stage of lactation, and in each season of the year, cows were offered a restricted pasture allowance (25 to 35kg dry matter (DM) per cow per day), either unsupplemented (control) or with supplement at 50MJ metabolizable energy (ME) per cow per day in experiment 1 and 80MJ ME per cow per day in experiment 2. The two supplements given in both years were rolled maize grain (MG) and a mixture of foods formulated to nutritionally balance the diet (BR). In experiment 2, another treatment, of a generous pasture allowance (60 to 75kg DM per cow per day) (AP), was imposed on an additional group of early lactation cows during each season. Direct milk solids (MS) (milk fat plus milk protein) responses in experiment 1 to MG were 169, 279, 195 and 251g MS per cow per day in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively, while those to BR were 107, 250, 192, 289g MS per cow per day. In experiment 2, however, milk solids responses to both supplements during spring were slightly below the control treatment, with values similar to those in experiment 1 in summer and autumn for cows on the BR but not the MG supplement. Milk solids responses to supplementary foods were largest during seasons of the year when the quantity and quality of pasture on offer resulted in the lowest milk solids yield from unsupplemented cows. When carry-over effects of feeding MG and BR on milk solids production were detected, they were only about half the magnitude of the direct effects. Serum urea concentrations were higher in control cows than those offered MG with a similar effect for BR in all but summer in experiment 1, while serum glucose concentrations were highest in winter and lowest in summer. The most important factor influencing milk solids responses was the relative food deficit (RFD) represented by the decline in milk solids yield of the respective control groups after changing from a generous pasture allowance to restricted allowance when the feeding treatments were imposed. Total milk solids responses (direct and carry-over) to supplements were greatest when severe food restrictions, relative to the cows’ current food demand, resulted in large reductions in milk solids yield of the control groups. The RFD was the best predictor of milk solids response to supplementary foods. Therefore, it is likely that cows are most responsive to supplementary foods during or immediately after the imposition of a severe food restriction.
Gender Diversity on Board and Stock Market Liquidity: Empirical Evidence from the French Market

This study examines whether and how female board directors may affect stock market liquidity. The empirical analysis is drawn on a sample of 81 firms listed on the SBF 120 between 2002 and 2012. The paper considers several measures of liquidity and gender diversity. To assess the quality of corporate governance we rely on five scores on board structure, board function, compensation policy, shareholder rights, and vision and strategy. Our results provide evidence that gender diversity has no significant effect on stock liquidity. In addition, the presence of female directors on board seems to be explained by (1) the presence of women on boards in the past year, (2) the adoption of International financial reporting standards (IFRS) and (3) the listing on US markets.However, in several regressions, the number of female independent and non-executive directors increases when the firm displays several illiquidity issues. Finally, we figure out that firms with good corporate governance have more gender-diverse boards but the presence of female directors does not depend on the quality of governance.
The Impact of Cognitive, Social and Physical Limitations on Income in Community Dwelling Adults With Chronic Medical and Mental Disorders

Introduction: As much as 45% of the US population has at least one chronic condition while 21% have multiple chronic diseases. The study examined the impact of cognitive, social and physical limitations on the personal income of U.S. adults with seven chronic diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 19,357 US adults with seven chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, depression, emphysema and joint disease) from the 2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) was performed. The effect of seven chronic diseases and their associated cognitive, social, and physical limitations on personal income was assessed using a two-stage Heckman model. Results: Depression emerged as the only chronic disease that was independently associated with a significant $1,914 decrease in personal income (95% CI -$2,938--$890). Social and cognitive limitations resulted in $1,944 (95% CI -$3,378--$511) and $3,039 (95% CI -$4,418-$1,659) decreases in personal incomes respectively while physical limitations did not result in a statistically significant reduction. Being Non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, Other Race, female, never married, married, less than a bachelor’s degree, publicly insured, uninsured, or having a health status less than very good were also associated with significant reductions in personal income. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest a need to determine the specific limitations associated with common chronic diseases and identify appropriate compensatory strategies to reduce their impact on income.
Novel Insertion Sequence-and Transposon-mediated Genetic Rearrangements in the 1 Genomic Island SGI 1 of Salmonella enterica Serovar Kentucky 2 3

Novel Insertion Sequenceand Transposon-mediated Genetic Rearrangements in the 1 Genomic Island SGI1 of Salmonella enterica Serovar Kentucky 2 3 Benoît Doublet,* Karine Praud, Sophie Bertrand, Jean-Marc Collard, François-Xavier 4 Weill, and Axel Cloeckaert 5 6 Institut Pasteur, Centre National de Référence des Salmonella, Laboratoire des Bactéries 7 Pathogènes Entériques, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France 1 8 INRA, UR1282, Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique, IASP, Nouzilly, F-37380, France 2 9 National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Shigella, Bacteriology division, Scientific Institute 10 of Public Health, 14 Wytsman street, B-1050 Brussels Belgium 3 11 12 Corresponding author: 13 Present address: Centre National de Référence des Salmonella, Laboratoire des Bactéries 14 Pathogènes Entériques, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France 15 Phone: +33-(0)1 45 68 83 44. Fax: +33-(0)1 45 68 88 37. E-mail: Benoit.Doublet@tours.inra. fr 16 Permanent address: UR1282, Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique site 213, Institut National 17 de la Recherche Agronomique, 37380 Nouzilly, France. 18 A CE PT ED Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/AAC.00525-08 AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 1 August 2008
Aerobactin iron uptake sequences in plasmid ColV-K30 are flanked by inverted IS1-like elements and replication regions

By using Southern blot hybridization procedures, we found that a specific sequence within a 16.3-kilobase HindIII restriction fragment of pColV-K30 was also present in at least three other pColV-K30 HindIII fragments. Restriction endonuclease mapping of these HindIII fragments indicated that two of these repeated sequences, identified as IS1-like, occur in reverse orientation adjacent to the ends of the aerobactin iron uptake region, also included in the 16.3-kilobase HindIII fragment. There are two distinct replication regions enclosing the IS1-flanked aerobactin genes. A pColV-K30 BamHI restriction endonuclease fragment, carrying one of these replication regions, showed homology with the F plasmid EcoRI fragment f5, which carries the F replication sequences.
Convergence Analysis of Inexact Rayleigh Quotient Iteration

We consider the computation of the smallest eigenvalue and associated eigenvector of a Hermitian positive definite pencil. Rayleigh quotient iteration (RQI) is known to converge cubically, and we first analyze how this convergence is affected when the arising linear systems are solved only approximately. We introduce a special measure of the relative error made in the solution of these systems and derive a sharp bound on the convergence factor of the eigenpair in a function of this quantity. This analysis holds independently of the way the linear systems are solved and applies to any type of error. For instance, it applies to rounding errors as well. We next consider the Jacobi--Davidson method. It acts as an inexact RQI method in which the use of iterative solvers is made easier because the arising linear systems involve a projected matrix that is better conditioned than the shifted matrix arising in classical RQI. We show that our general convergence result straightforwardly applies in this context and permits us to trace the convergence of the eigenpair in a function of the number of inner iterations performed at each step. On this basis, we also compare this method with some form of inexact inverse iteration, as recently analyzed by Neymeyr and Knyazev.
Multi-view vehicle detection in traffic surveillance combining HOG-HCT and deformarle part models

This paper presents a robust multi-view vehicle detection based on the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG)-Histograms of Census Transform (HCT) features and the mixtures of deformable part models. As some virtual features of vehicle in single view, such as headlight, taillight and edges can not been directly used, we develop a new HOG-HCT feature to describe the vehicle structure feature in multi-view. The HCT feature, inspired by the success of HOG in object detection, is obtained by the same strategy of HOG to the census transform value and we use the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to fuse HOG and HCT to get the HOG-HCT feature. At last, we apply the deformable part models with the HOG-HCT feature to our training set and gain three view models. Experimental results show that the proposed method is very powerful in detecting vehicles under traffic surveillance environment.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF VICIA FABA L. FROM BANGLADESH

Seed-cotyledons of Vicia faba L. an unconventional legume from Bangladesh were analyzed for chemical composition and protein functionality to assess its potential usage as an alternative source of protein. Proximate component in per cent were crude protein 30.57, crude fat 3.22, crude fibre 2.73, ash 3.61 and carbohydrate 59.87. With the exception of methionine plus cystine, the essential amino acids in the seedcotyledons were present at concentrations equal to or greater than those commonly recommended. Least gelation concentration, water and fat absorption capacities were 8.00, 83.86 and 79.43%, respectively. Foaming capacity and foaming stability were 57.19 and 29.78%, respectively. With respect to its nutritive composition and functionality, the pulse appeared to be a potential source of nutrient. Key words: Vicia faba ; Chemical composition; Functional properties; Legumes; Bangladesh DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v38i1. 5129 Bangladesh J. Bot. 38 (1): 93-97, 2009 (June)
The Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility toward the Employees and Hotel Industry Performance in Jordan

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has a positive relationship with businesses performance especially with services companies like Hotels, Hospitals and Universities. The growing concentration to Corporate Social Responsibility is based on its capability to authority company performance. The Corporate Social Responsibility movement is distribution over the world and in the current years a large number of methods and frameworks have been developed, the majority being developed in the West. The present research focuses on the relationship between Corporate Social responsibility and Jordanian Industry Hotels performance. Methodology: A questionnaire was distributed to 100 employees in a hotels of Marriott and Movenpick where operated in Jordan Amman, Aqaba over a month in 2014, with results from Likert scales analyzed using descriptive analysis, means and SDs to tabulate and analyzed. Results: Analysis of 83 suitable responses among the hotels employees found a significant relationship between CSR and hotels performance at the two Hypotheses. Recommendations: Improve employee overall wages packages for employees which is based on productivity rewards. And ensure there is an equally opportunities between the employees in terms of Training.
The energetics of small internal loops in RNA

The energetics of small internal loops are important for prediction of RNA secondary and tertiary structure, selection of drug target sites, and understanding RNA structure–function relationships. Hydrogen bonding, base stacking, electrostatic interactions, backbone distortion, and base‐pair size compatibility all contribute to the energetics of small internal loops. Thus, the sequence dependence of these energetics are idiosyncratic. Current approximations for predicting the free energies of internal loops consider size, asymmetry, closing base pairs, and the potential to form GA, GG, or UU pairs. The database of known three‐dimensional structures allows for comparison with the models used for predicting stability from sequence. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biopoly (Nucleic Acid Sci) 52: 157–167, 1999/2000
Bank stock returns and macroeconomic variables:Empirical evidence from selected ASEAN countries

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of macroeconomic variables on bank stock returns in ASEAN. The panel data were retrieved from the DataStream and World Bank data archive, consisting of 58 banks from six countries (Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, and Vietnam) for the period 2004 to 2014. The bank stock return index is used as a proxy for bank stock return while proxies for macroeconomic variables are money supply, interest rate, inflation, and foreign exchange rate. By applying pooled OLS regression analysis, the results show that money supply has negative impact on bank stock returns, indicating that changes in money supply is a major signal for change in stock price because it has a direct influence on stock market and an indirect influence on bond market based on the adjustment of interest rates. Inflation also has negative significant influence on bank stock returns, implying that negative inflation –real activity induced the relationship through the money demand theory and the quantity theory of money. Foreign exchange rate has a positive significance influence on bank stock returns, indicating that the foreign exchange exposures of ASEAN banks have influenced their stock returns since most part of the stock returns are sensitive to the changes in exchange rates during the periods. Meanwhile, interest rate is insignificant with bank stock returns, implying that interest rate sensitivity does not exert a significant impact on the common stock of the banks, which could be caused by the effect of wealth distribution triggered by unexpected inflation when banks hold nominal assets and nominal liabilities. It is recommended that ASEAN banks should involve in various off-balance sheet activities and implement effective and efficient approaches of risk management which reduce their exposure to fluctuations in macroeconomic factors
Milk Conjugated Linoleic Acid Response to Fish Oil and Linseed Oil Supplementation of Grazing Dairy Cows

The effect of supplementing the diet of grazing dairy cows with fish oil (FO) and linseed oil (LSO) on milk conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was investigated. Sixteen Holstein cows (170±19 DIM) were assigned into two groups and fed a grain supplement (8.0 kg/d; DM basis) containing 800 g of saturated animal fat (CONT) or 200 g FO and 600 g LSO (FOLSO). All cows grazed together on Sudan grass pasture ad libitum and were fed the treatment diets for 3 wks. Cows were milked twice a day and milk samples were collected during the last three days of the trial. Milk production (24.89 and 22.45 kg/d), milk protein percentage (2.76 and 2.82) and milk protein yield (0.68 and 0.64 kg/d) for the CONT and FOLSO diets, respectively, were not affected (p>0.05) by treatment diets. Milk fat percentage (3.90 and 2.86) and milk fat yield (0.97 and 0.64 kg/d) were lower (p<0.05) with the FOLSO diet compared with the CONT diet. The concentration and yield of milk cis-9 trans- 11 CLA were higher (p<0.05) with the FOLSO diet (2.56% of total FA and 16.44 g/d, respectively) than the CONT diet (0.66% of total FA and 6.44 g/d, respectively). The concentrations of milk trans C18:1 and vaccenic acid (VA) were higher (p<0.05) with the FOLSO diet (13.53 and 7.48% of total FA, respectively) than the CONT diet (3.69 and 2.27% of total FA, respectively). In conclusion, supplementing the diet of grazing cows with FO and LSO increased milk cis-9 trans-11 CLA content but reduced milk fat content and yield.
Inter-procedural loop fusion, array contraction and rotation

We present the design and implementation of an inter-procedural loop fusion, array contraction and rotation technique in a production compiler. We provide experimental results to show that this technique improves SPECfp2000 benchmarks by 12%. The technique employs a locality-conscious inter-procedural analysis to drive mining decisions. It then uses regular section analysis and code motion techniques to enable loop fusion across procedure boundaries. We discuss the implementation of data promotion and array contraction techniques. We introduce array rotation technique to eliminate the overhead of copying array sections.
Mechanisms of dyspnea during cycle exercise in symptomatic patients with GOLD stage I chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

RATIONALE Smokers with a relatively preserved FEV(1) may experience dyspnea and activity limitation but little is known about underlying mechanisms. OBJECTIVES To examine ventilatory constraints during exercise in symptomatic smokers with GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) stage I chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) so as to uncover potential mechanisms of dyspnea and exercise curtailment. METHODS We compared resting pulmonary function and ventilatory responses (breathing pattern, operating lung volumes, pulmonary gas exchange) with incremental cycle exercise as well as Borg scale ratings of dyspnea intensity in 21 patients (post-bronchodilator FEV(1), 91 +/- 7% predicted, and FEV(1)/FVC, 60 +/- 6%; mean +/- SD) with significant breathlessness and 21 healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects with normal spirometry. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS In patients with COPD compared with control subjects, peak oxygen consumption and power output were significantly reduced by more than 20% and dyspnea ratings were higher for a given work rate and ventilation (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the COPD group had evidence of extensive small airway dysfunction with increased ventilatory requirements during exercise, likely on the basis of greater ventilation/perfusion abnormalities. Changes in end-expiratory lung volume during exercise were greater in COPD than in health (0.54 +/- 0.34 vs. 0.06 +/- 0.32 L, respectively; P < 0.05) and breathing pattern was correspondingly more shallow and rapid. Across groups, dyspnea intensity increased as ventilation expressed as a percentage of capacity increased (P < 0.0005) and as inspiratory reserve volume decreased (P < 0.0005). CONCLUSIONS Exertional dyspnea in symptomatic patients with mild COPD is associated with the combined deleterious effects of higher ventilatory demand and abnormal dynamic ventilatory mechanics, both of which are potentially amenable to treatment.
Performance of Canadian Mutual Funds and Investors

AbstractThe study examines the performance of a comprehensive sample of Canadian open-end equity mutual funds and investors. Our results show that while the majority of funds outperform their self-selected benchmarks, the performance is lackluster in comparison with some well-recognized benchmarks like the TSE 300 and the 90-day T-Bill rates. These returns are even lower when one accounts for the timing of entry and exit by mutual fund investors. We also find that returns of mutual funds are adversely affected by active trading and advisory and non-advisory expenses are negatively related to performance. Accordingly, we conclude that investors are likely to be better off by following a passive and index-based investment approach in the long term.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Stock Returns: Examining US Stock Performance

The purpose of this paper is to examine the interactions between corporate social responsibility and financial performance in the form of stock returns for a sample of US firms over at two year period beginning in 2002. The work uses a set of disaggregated social responsibility indicators for environment, community and employment, and compares the results to that of an overall corporate social responsibility score. The main finding of the analysis is that firms with higher social responsibility scores tend to achieve lower stock returns, in both the case of an aggregate rating, and individually examined indicators. In particular, it was found that the community indicator has a significant negative impact on return more often that the other two factors. Furthermore, neither the addition of the firm characteristic control factors, nor industry effects were able to explain the decreased returns resulting from the higher CSR scores. Therefore the paper concludes that expenditure on corporate social responsibility in business strategies is in fact destructive to the profits of the firm and shareholder value.