Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Near‐fault acceleration pulses and non‐acceleration pulses: Effects on the inelastic displacement ratio

Near‐fault ground motions can impose particularly high seismic demands on the structures due to the pulses that are typically observed in the velocity time‐histories. The velocity pulses can be further categorized into either a distinct acceleration pulse (acc‐pulse) or a succession of high‐frequency, one‐sided acceleration spikes (non‐acc‐pulse). The different characteristics of velocity pulses imply different frequency content of the ground motions, potentially causing different seismic effects on the structures. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of the two types of velocity pulses and their impacts on the inelastic displacement ratio (CR) of single‐degree‐of‐freedom systems. First, a new method that enables an automated classification of velocity pulses is used to compile a ground motion dataset which consists of 74 acc‐pulses and 45 non‐acc‐pulses. Several intensity measures characterizing different seismological features are then compared using the two groups of records. Finally, the influences of acc‐pulses and non‐acc‐pulses on the CR spectra are studied; the effects of pulse period and hysteretic behavior are also considered. Results indicate that the characteristics of the two types of velocity pulses differ significantly, resulting in clearly distinct CR spectral properties between acc‐pulses and non‐acc‐pulses. Interestingly, mixing acc‐pulses and non‐acc‐pulses can lead to local “bumps” that were found in the CR spectral shape by previous studies. The findings of this study highlight the importance of distinguishing velocity pulses of different types when selecting near‐fault ground motions for assessing the nonlinear dynamic response of structures.
THE EFFECTS OF SPINNING SYSTEM AND BLENDING RATIO ON QUALITY OF SILK/COTTON BLENDED YARNS

Mulberry ipegi, yetistiriciliginin yapilabilmesi nedeniyle en onemli sayilabilecek ipek turudur. Bunun yaninda sahip oldugu lif ozellikleri onu onemli bir dogal lif ve tekstil hammaddesi yapmaktadir. Filament olarak cekilemeyen ipek, telef ipek olarak adlandirilir ve kesikli lif olarak kisa elyaf iplikciliginde degerlendirilirler. Bunun yani sira karisimlarda kullanilmak uzere ipek kesikli life de donusturulebilmektedir. Bu calismada stapel mulberry ipeg ile penye pamuk lifleri cerde karistirilmis ve bu karisimdan iki farkli sistemde, uc farkli ipek/pamuk karisim oraniyla ve uc farkli bukum katsayisiyla iplikler uretilmislerdir. Ipliklerin fiziksel kalite ozelliklerini belirlemek icin mukavemet, duzgunsuzluk tuyluluk gibi degerleri olculmustur. Sonuc olarak siro sistemiyle calismanin ipligin kalite ozellikleri acisindan daha verimli oldugu ve ipek oraninin artmasiyla ipligin mukavemetinin arttigi ancak duzgunsuzluk ve tuylulugunde de ayni zamanda artis oldugu gozlemlenmistir.
Stochastic, statistical, and hydromagnetic problems in physics and astronomy

This is the third of six volumes collecting significant papers of the distinguished astrophysicist and Nobel laureate S. Chandrasekhar. His work is notable for its breadth as well as for its brilliance; his practice has been to change his focus from time to time to pursue new areas of research. The result has been a prolific career full of discoveries and insights, some of which are only now being fully appreciated. Chandrasekhar has selected papers that trace the development of his ideas and that present aspects of his work not fully covered in the books he has periodically published to summarize his research in each area. This volume is divided into four sections. The first, on dynamical friction and Brownian motion, includes papers written after Chandrasekhar published his 1942 monograph "Principles of Stellar Dynamics. " Also in this section is "Stochastic Problems in Physics and Astronomy," one of the most cited papers in the physics literature, as well as papers written jointly with John von Neumann that have been given impetus to recent research. As Chandrasekhar notes, the papers in the second section, on statistical problems in astronomy, were influenced by Ambartsumian's analysis of brightness in the Milky Way. A third section on the statistical theory of turbulence addresses issues still unresolved in fluid dynamics, and the last section is devoted to hydromagnetic problems in astrophysics that are not discussed in Chandrasekhar's monographs.
Observations of Magnetic Field Changes in Active Regions

A time sequence of longitudinal magnetograms of two active regions, McMath Regions 9281 and 9760, have indicated magnetic field changes occurring in localized areas with time scales of the order of hours. We believe the observed field changes are evolutionary in nature, rather than related to the occurrence of small flares. Three examples of evolutionary magnetic changes are discussed.
The INT Photometric HSurvey of the Northern Galactic Plane (IPHAS)

The INT Photometric HSurvey of the Northern Galactic Plane (IPHAS) is a 1800 square degrees CCD survey of the northern Milky Way spanning the latitude range −5 o < b < +5 o and reaching down to r ' ≃ 20 (10�). It may increase the number of known northern emission line sources by an order of magnitude. Representative observations and an assessment of point-source data from IPHAS, now underway, are presented. The data obtained are Wide Field Camera images in Halpha narrow-band, and Sloan rand ibroad-band, filters. We simulate IPHAS (r ' − H�,r ' − i ' ) point- source colours using a spectrophotometric library of stellar spectra and available filter transmission profiles: this gives expected colours for (i) solar-metallicity stars, without Hemission, and (ii) emission line stars. Comparisons with Aquila field observations show that simulated normal star colours reproduce the data well for spectral types earlier than M. Spectroscopic follow-up of a Cepheus field confirms that sources lying above the main stellar locus in the (r ' − H�,r ' − i ' ) plane are emission line objects, with very few failures. Examples of Hdeficit objects - a white dwarf and a carbon star - are shown to be readily distinguished by their IPHAS colours. The role IPHAS can play in studies of nebulae is discussed briefly, and illustrated by a continuum- subtracted mosaic image of the SNR, Shajn 147. The final catalogue of IPHAS point sources will contain photometry on about 80 million objects. (abridged for astro-ph))
Playing with matches: An assessment of accuracy in linked historical data

ABSTRACT This article evaluates linkage quality achieved by various record linkage techniques used in historical demography. The author creates benchmark, or truth, data by linking the 2005 Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the Social Security Administration's numeric identification system by social security number. By comparing simulated linkages to the benchmark data, she examines the value added (in terms of number and quality of links) from incorporating text-string comparators, adjusting age, and using a probabilistic matching algorithm. She finds that text-string comparators and probabilistic approaches are useful for increasing the linkage rate, but use of text-string comparators may decrease accuracy in some cases. Overall, probabilistic matching offers the best balance between linkage rates and accuracy.
Design of multirate filter banks by /spl Hscr//sub /spl infin// optimization

A procedure is developed to design IIR synthesis filters in a multirate filter bank. The filters minimize the l/sub 2/-induced norm of the error system between the multirate filter bank and a desired pure time-delay system. This criterion is reduced to one of /spl Hscr//sub /spl infin// optimization, for which there is ready-made software.
Exponential decay of correlations for nonuniformly hyperbolic flows with a C^{1+\alpha} stable foliation

We prove exponential decay of correlations for a class of C^{1+\alpha} uniformly hyperbolic skew product flows, subject to a uniform nonintegrability condition. In particular, this establishes exponential decay of correlations for an open and dense set of geometric Lorenz attractors in a neighborhood of the classical Lorenz attractor.
On Properties of Generalized Bi-{\Gamma}-Ideals of {\Gamma}-Semirings

The notion of $\Gamma$-semirings was introduced by Murali Krishna Rao \cite{Rao} as a generalization of the notion of $\Gamma$-rings as well as of semirings. We have known that the notion of $\Gamma$-semirings is a generalization of the notion of semirings. In this paper, extending Kaushik, Moin and Khan's work, we generalize the notion of generalized bi-$\Gamma$-ideals of $\Gamma$-semirings and investigate some related properties of generalized bi-$\Gamma$-ideals.
Instructor perceptions of student information literacy: comparing international IL models to reality

This study assesses the information literacy (IL) perceptions of instructors at a technical college in the Middle East, the College of the North Atlantic - Qatar. Students at this college are instructed in four areas of study – engineering technology, information technology, business studies and health sciences – which takes place exclusively in English and uses a Canadian curriculum. A web-based survey sent to instructors asked questions in two general areas on their perceptions of student information literacy based on the Society of College, National and University Libraries (SCONUL) definition. Initially, over half of the respondents believed that their students were information literate. However when asked a series of questions about each of the seven IL skills identified by SCONUL, there was a large discrepancy between what skills instructors wished their students achieved, versus what was actually achieved by the end of their programme. Students’ inability to critically evaluate sources of information was seen as the weakest skill by instructors and was considerably lower than the skill level reported by university professors in similar studies. Instructors also conveyed their belief that students lacked strategies when searching for information. When compared to faculty perceptions of students in universities, overall perceptions of IL competency of college students in this study are lower. The study reinforced the need to provide students with tools/strategies to cope with large volumes of information and, when searching, to select appropriate and credible sources of information for both academic and personal uses.
Altered Egos How The Brain Creates The Self

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Implementation of a Parallel Prefix Adder Based on Kogge-Stone Tree

Binary adder is an important module for microprocessors. We present a novel structure of binary adder, named Hyper-Parallel Prefix Adder (HPPA) in this paper. The basic idea of HPPA is to divide the addition into two levels, both of which are parallel prefix adder architecture. It can perfectly reduce the delay of wire loads by reducing the wire length in the critical paths; hence the performance of the adder can be significantly improved. Moreover, we present an optimized carry tree structure which is based on Kogge-stone tree named Grouped-Kogge-Stone tree (GKS tree), which has small nodes especially in the top level. Combining HPPA with GKS tree, we designed and implemented a 64-bit full adder. At the top level, we divide the two 64-bit addition operands into 8 groups, each of which is 8-bit. At the bottom level, we divide each 8-bit group into 4 equal sub-groups. Both of the two levels are composed of parallel prefix adders based on Grouped-Kogge-Stone tree. We design the adder using Verilog HDL to verify the performance. We have implemented the adder under 0.13um CMOS process. Simulation results show that the maximal delay of the proposed adder layout is 578ps with the average power of 18.3mW. Keywords-parallel prefix adder; CMOS process; maximal delay; average power; kogge-stone tree
SUPREMUM OF RANDOM DIRICHLET POLYNOMIALS WITH SUB-MULTIPLICATIVE COEFFICIENTS

We study the supremum of random Dirichlet polynomials DN(s) = P N n=1 "nd(n)n s , where ("n) is a sequence of independent Rademacher random variables, and d is a sub-multiplicative function. The approach is gaussian and entirely based on comparison properties of Gaussian processes, with no use of the metric entropy method. As in preceding related works, the proof uses a sieve argument due to Queffelec.
THE SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF THE STRONGLY COUPLED STURM HAMILTONIAN OF CONSTANT TYPE

We study the spectral properties of the Sturm Hamiltolian Hα,V,φ, where α is the frequency of constant type, i.e. α has the constant continued fraction expansion (κ;κ,κ,···), V > 0 is the coupling constant and φ ∈ (0,1) is the phase. LetV = �κ,V be the related spectrum and NV = Nκ,V be the related density of states measure. Let sV = sV (κ) be the Hausdorff dimension of �κ,V , dV = dV (κ) be the Hausdorff dimension of Nκ,V and γV = γV (κ) be the optimal Holder exponent of Nκ,V. Assume V > 20. In this paper we show the following results: H s V |�V is a Gibbs type measure, consequently it is exact dimensional and 0 0 such that lim V →∞ γ V (κ)lnV = ˆκ and lim V →∞ d V (κ)lnV = κ. It is known that (Liu, Qu and Wen, Adv. Math. 2014) there exists another constant ρκ > 0 such that limV →∞ sV (κ)lnV = ρκ. We show that ˆ 2 = 2 = ρ2 = ln(1+ √ 2) and ˆ κ 20 such that γV (κ) < dV (κ) < sV (κ) for all V ≥ V0(κ). We achieve them by introducing an auxiliary symbolic dynamical system and applying the thermodynamical and multifractal formalisms of almost additive potentials.
Heegaard splittings of sufficiently complicated 3-manifolds II: Amalgamation

Let M_1 and M_2 be compact, orientable 3-manifolds, and M the manifold obtained by gluing some component F of \bdy M_1 to some component of \bdy M_2 by a homeomorphism \phi. We show that when \phi is "sufficiently complicated" then (1) the amalgamation of low genus, unstabilized, boundary-unstabilized Heegaard splittings of M_i is an unstabilized splitting of M, (2) every low genus, unstabilized Heegaard splitting of M can be expressed as an amalgamation of unstabilized, boundary-unstabilized splittings of M_i, and possibly a Type II splitting of F \times I, and (3) if there is no Type II splitting in such an expression then it is unique.
Exploring the intention to use cloud services in collaboration contexts among Taiwan’s private vocational students

Cloud services have been widely regarded as a useful tool to support collaboration. However, exploring the intention to use cloud services in collaboration contexts among students who enroll in private vocational universities in Taiwan has received little scholarly attention. Most of these students are low academic achievers or not very interested in learning, which has become a great challenge to their teachers. Previous studies have indicated that collaboration among students is beneficial to their learning. Accordingly, in this study, cloud services were used to facilitate student collaboration and to further understand their intention to use such services. The results show that facilitating conditions significantly influence perceived ease of use and attitude toward using and social influence greatly affects perceived usefulness and behavioral intention. These results imply that the educational training or problem solving involved in using cloud services can help make students aware that the services are easy to use and can generate a positive attitude toward using them and that the opinions expressed by teachers or classmates are valuable with regard to leading to a belief that the services are useful for learning and contribute to behavioral intention.
Pressure distributions from high Reynolds number transonic tests of an NACA 0012 airfoil in the Langley 0.3-meter transonic cryogenic tunnel

Tests were conducted in the 2-D test section of the Langley 0.3-meter Transonic Cryogenic Tunnel on a NACA 0012 airfoil to obtain aerodynamic data as a part of the Advanced Technology Airfoil Test (ATAT) program. The test program covered a Mach number range of 0.30 to 0.82 and a Reynolds number range of 3.0 to 45.0 x 10 to the 6th power. The stagnation pressure was varied between 1.2 and 6.0 atmospheres and the stagnation temperature was varied between 300 K and 90 K to obtain these test conditions. Tabulated pressure distributions and integrated force and moment coefficients are presented as well as plots of the surface pressure distributions. The data are presented uncorrected for wall interference effects and without analysis.
Discrete Fourier Analysis and Wavelets: Applications to Signal and Image Processing

Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. Vector Spaces, Signals, and Images. 1.1 Overview. 1.2 Some common image processing problems. 1.3 Signals and images. 1.4 Vector space models for signals and images. 1.5 Basic wave forms the analog case. 1.6 Sampling and aliasing. 1.7 Basic wave forms the discrete case. 1.8 Inner product spaces and orthogonality. 1.9 Signal and image digitization. 1.10 Infinitedimensional inner product spaces. 1.11 Matlab project. Exercises. 2. The Discrete Fourier Transform. 2.1 Overview. 2.2 The time domain and frequency domain. 2.3 A motivational example. 2.4 The onedimensional DFT. 2.5 Properties of the DFT. 2.6 The fast Fourier transform. 2.7 The twodimensional DFT. 2.8 Matlab project. Exercises. 3. The discrete cosine transform. 3.1 Motivation for the DCT: compression. 3.2 Initial examples thresholding. 3.3 The discrete cosine transform. 3.4 Properties of the DCT. 3.5 The twodimensional DCT. 3.6 Block transforms. 3.7 JPEG compression. 3.8 Matlab project. Exercises. 4. Convolution and filtering. 4.1 Overview. 4.2 Onedimensional convolution. 4.3 Convolution theorem and filtering. 4.4 2D convolution filtering images. 4.5 Infinite and biinfinite signal models. 4.6 Matlab project. Exercises. 5. Windowing and Localization. 5.1 Overview: Nonlocality of the DFT. 5.2 Localization via windowing. 5.3 Matlab project. Exercises. 6. Filter banks. 6.1 Overview. 6.2 The Haar filter bank. 6.3 The general onstage twochannel filter bank. 6.4 Multistage filter banks. 6.5 Filter banks for finite length signals. 6.6 The 2D discrete wavelet transform and JPEG 2000. 6.7 Filter design. 6.8 Matlab project. 6.9 Alternate Matlab project. Exercises. 7. Wavelets. 7.1 Overview. 7.2 The Haar Basis. 7.3 Haar wavelets versus the Haar filter bank. 7.4 Orthogonal wavelets. 7.5 Biorthogonal wavelets. 7.6 Matlab Project. Exercises. References. Solutions. Index.
Invited Contribution to Decision Modelling and Information Systems

Computational tools in support of decision making have grown greatly in power during recent decades owing in large measure to Moore’s Law. Nothing like this law operates in the realm of analytical thinking, which has led to an increasingly lopsided emphasis on one at the expense of the other among decision support system developers. The increased emphasis on computational tools is a mixed blessing, for these seldom excel at revealing why the solutions they yield are what they are. Yet in many situations, decision makers and policy makers need to understand the why behind these solutions in order to convince themselves and others of the need for action or to deepen their own understanding of the system under study. This chapter advocates and illustrates an approach to using conceptually simple models, arguments, exhibits and spreadsheets as adjuncts to complex computational models to help explain important aggregate properties of detailed computational solutions. This can improve the transparency, and hence the value, of such solutions. Model-based analytical thinking in support of decision making first occurred on a significant scale in the late 1930s, about five years before the first digital computers. Computers were quickly recognized as a valuable tool for embodying and solving decision models, and contributed greatly to the post-war flowering of operations research and decision support systems (not called that at the time). One might say that the fields of decision modeling and computers were advancing with comparable speed until the early 1960s, when the first integrated circuits were produced. At that point, Moore’s Law led to exponentially rapid advances in computers and communications that continue to this day. Decision modeling, on the other hand – being essentially intellectual in character – continued to accumulate its capital in the form of articles, books, and experienced know-how at what must surely be a low-order polynomial rate. This
Group Algebra and Coding Theory

Group algebras have been used in the context of Coding Theory since the beginning of the latter, but not in its full power. The work of Ferraz and Polcino Milies entitled Idempotents in group algebras and minimal abelian codes (Finite Fields and their Applications, 13, (2007) 382-393) gave origin to many thesis and papers linking these two subjects. In these works, the techniques of group algebras are mainly brought into play for the computing of the idempotents that generate the minimal codes and the minimum weight of such codes. In this paper I summarize the main results of the work done by doctorate students and research partners of Polcino Milies and Ferraz.
Intrinsic square function characterizations of Musielak-Orlicz Hardy spaces

Let ϕ : R n × [0 , ∞ ) → [0 , ∞ ) be such that ϕ ( x, · ) is an Orlicz function and ϕ ( · ,t ) is a Muckenhoupt A ∞ ( R n ) weight uniformly in t . In this article, for any α ∈ (0 , 1] and s ∈ Z + , the authors establish the s -order intrinsic square function characterizations of H ϕ ( R n ) in terms of the intrinsic Lusin area function S α,s , the intrinsic g -function g α,s and the intrinsic g ∗ λ - function g ∗ λ,α,s with the best known range λ ∈ (2 + 2( α + s ) /n, ∞ ), which are deﬁned via Lip α ( R n ) functions supporting in the unit ball. A ϕ -Carleson measure characterization of the Musielak-Orlicz Campanato space L ϕ, 1 ,s ( R n ) is also established via the intrinsic function. To obtain these characterizations, the authors ﬁrst show that these s -order intrinsic square functions are point- wise comparable with those similar-looking s -order intrinsic square functions deﬁned via Lip α ( R n ) functions without compact supports, which when s = 0 was obtained by M. Wilson. All these characterizations of H ϕ ( R n ), even when s = 0, ϕ ( x,t ) := w ( x ) t p for all t ∈ [0 , ∞ ) and x ∈ R n with p ∈ ( n/ ( n + α ) , 1] and w ∈ A p (1+ α/n ) ( R n ), also essentially improve the known results.