Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Old-Age Support in Developing Countries: Labor Supply, Intergenerational Transfers and Living Arrangements

Without broad-based public pension schemes, the majority of the elderly in developing countries are left to rely on their own current and accumulated earnings and support from children as means of old-age support. We develop a cooperative bargaining model that allows us to jointly estimate the determinants of coresidency, financial transfers from non-coresiding children, and the labor-supply of elderly Indonesians. We find that many Indonesians, especially men, continue to work well into old age even if they are living with their adult children. There is little evidence that transfers are a substitute for the income support provided by the elderly parent's own labor supply. Transfers are associated with a decline in hours of work only for non-coresiding mothers. Furthermore, transfers are not strongly related to parental need or the ability of the child to give.
English as a Scientific and Research Language. Ramón Plo Alastrué, Carmen Pérez-Llantada (Eds) (Book review)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. English as a Scientific and Research Language. Ramón Plo Alastrué, Carmen Pérez-Llantada (Eds) (Book review) Shirley Carter-Thomas
The role of family functioning and couples communication patterns in marital satisfaction

هدیکچ تسد ی با ی هب عماج ۀ ،ملاس ِورگرد تملاس هداوناخ و داوناخ ۀ ،دمآراک هتسباو هب اضر ی ت وشانز یی تسا . ور نیا زا یسررب هب رضاح شهوژپ شقن درکلمع هداوناخ و اهوگلا ی یــطابترا جوز ی ن رد پ ی ش ب ینی ر اض ی ت وشانز یی یم ادرپ . دز شهوژپ حرط زا عون گتسبمه ی تسا . هنومن لماش یرامآ 150 رفن ( 75 درم و 75 نز ) زا ناملعم م أت ه رد نکاس ل رهش رقنس وب د هک ب ا ش ی هو هنومن گ ی ر ی رد سرتسد باختنا دندش . اهرازبا لماش شهوژپ ی س ی ها ۀ اضر ی ت وشانز یی چیرنا ، رازبا شجنس ناخ هداو و شسرپ ۀمان اهوگلا ی یــطابترا جوز ی ن دوب . یارب هیزجت و لیلحت هداد اه زا بیرض یگتسبمه نوسریپ و سرگر ی نو هناگدنچ هدافتسا دش . اتن ی ج ناشن داد نایم ۀمه هفلوم اه ی درکلمع هداوناخ و اضر ی ت وشانز یی هطبار م یفن ینعم راد . دراد دوجو هولاعب نایم وگلا ی هدنزاس لباقتم و اضر ی ت وشانز یی هطبار تبثم و ینعم راد ، و نایم اهوگلا ی عقوت / هرانک گ ی ر ی و بانتجا لباقتم اب اضر ی ت وشانز یی هطبار فنم ی و ینعم راد تسا رارقرب . لحت ی ل سرگر ی نو ن ی ز ناشن داد غتم ی اهر ی درکلمع هداوناخ و اهوگلا ی یــطابترا جوز ی ،ن هب ترت ی ب 66 / 0 و 81 / 0 زا شنکارپ اضر ی ت شانز و یی ار شیپ ینیب م ی دننک . تیاضر سپ اب نیملعم ییوشانز لطا ـــ زا عا درکلمع هداوناخ و اهوگلا ی یــطابترا جوز ی ن شیپ لباق . تسا ینیب یدیلک ناگژاو : ا اهوگل ی یــطابترا جوز ی ،ن اضر ی ت وشانز یی ، درکلمع هداوناخ Abstract Achieving a healthy society, is depends on the family health and efficient family, is dependent on marital satisfaction. Hence this research investigates the role of family functioning and couples communication patterns in marital satisfaction prediction. The method of research was correlational. The research population included married teachers who resident in Songhor city, 150 patients (75 males and 75 females) among those were selected via convenience sampling method. Measures were Marital Satisfaction Inventory (ENRICH), family assessment device and couples communication patterns questionnaire. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation and multiple regression was used. The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between all the components of family functioning and marital satisfaction. in addition, there is a positive relationship between Mutual constructive pattern and marital satisfaction, and a negative significant relationship between demand/withdraw and avoid mutual Patterns with marital satisfaction. Regression analysis also showed that family functioning and couples communication variables, respectively predicts 0/66 and 0/81 of marital satisfaction variance. Then with aware of family functioning and couples communication, teacher's marital satisfaction is predictable.
Abundance and Movement of a Riparian Frog (Rana swinhoana) in a Subtropical Forest of Guandau Stream, Taiwan

Research (LTER) site at Guandau Stream, Taiwan. We established a 330-m transect at the headwaters of a tributary of Guandau Stream and censused R. swinhoana for 2 consecutive nights monthly. We used markrecapture techniques to sample frogs along transects, with each individual being uniquely marked. For every animal captured, we recorded clip, sex, snout-vent length, body mass of frogs, and location along the transect. We observed 1947 but captured 1608 frogs during the 24-mo study period, including 1414 adult males and 172 adult females. Frogs were more abundant in the summer than in the winter. Monthly recapture rates varied between 30% and 81%. R. swinhoana moved little during the study and showed no seasonal up- or down-stream movements. The clumped distribution of frogs along the stream is probably a result of the heterogeneity of microhabitats. R. swinhoana sometimes made extended excursions, but returned to their usual activity ranges. The results of this study suggest that R. swinhoana, like many riparian anurans, is a sedentary animal with homing ability. By inhabiting riparian zones, R. swinhoana probably obtains sufficient ecological necessities such that long-distance movements are not required.
Inter-Annual Variability Of Rainfall In Some States Of Southern Nigeria

The study inter-annual variability of rainfall in some states in Southern Nigeria focuses on analyzing the trends and fluctuations in annual rainfall over six states in Southern Nigeria, covering a period of 1972 – 2012. In order to ascertain the variability‘s, and to model the annual rainfall for future prediction to enhance policy implementation, the quantitative and descriptive analysis techniques was employed. The rainfall series were analyzed for fluctuations using Standardized Anomaly Index (SAI), whereas the trends were examined using Statistical Package for Social Science Software (SPSS 17.0). At 95 percent confidence level, observations in the stations may be signals that the wetter period dominates the drier periods in this study. Each of the series contains two distinct periods when the rainfall anomalies (negative and positive) of a particular type were most significant. The period where the annual rainfall is above one standard deviation from the mean annual rainfall is considered Wet, and the period below one standard deviation from the mean annual rainfall is considered Dry for each station. The results of the linear trend lines revealed an increase in rainfall supply over the period of study especially of recent. The annual rate of increase in rainfall over the period of investigation 1972 2012 were; 15.21mm/year for Calabar, 2.18mm/year for Port Harcourt, 22.23mm/year for Owerri, 3.25mm/year for Benin City, 5.08mm/year for Enugu, and 16.29mm/year f or Uyo respectively. The variability in amount of annual rainfall revealed that, in 2012 Calabar received the highest amount of rainfall of about 4062.70mm and the least value of 2099.4mm in 1973. In Porthacourt, the highest amount of rainfall occurred in 1993 with a value of 3911.70mm and the least value in 1983 with a value of 1816.4mm. Owerri recorded the highest amount of rainfall of about 3064.0mm in 2011, and the least value occurred in 1986 with a value of 1228.4mm. In 1976, Benin received the highest amount in rainfall of 2435.5mm and the least value of 1190.7mm occurred in 1983. Enugu received 2262.4mm as the highest amount of rainfall in 1997 and the least occurred in 1981 with a value of 913.10mm. From the period of investigation, Uyo received 3172.9mm as the highest amount of rainfall in 2011 and the least value of 1562mm in 1983. The predicted values for the modeled data suggests continues increase in amount of annual rainfall in all the locations. From the cumulative mean deviation graphs, Calabar and Uyo indicate a tendency towards flood, while the other stations reveal a tendency towards drought.
Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV co-infection in patients admitted to Gondar university hospital, northwest Ethiopia

Worldwide after malaria and sleeping sickness leishmaniases are the third most important vector borne diseases. Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is a disseminated protozoan infection caused by L. donovani L. infantum or L. arachibaldi and transmitted by the female phlebotomine sand fly bite. Coinciding with HIV infection the number of visceral leishmaniasis cases in Ethiopia has increased in the last decade. The objective was to assess the clinical and laboratory manifestations and factors associated with mortality and morbidity of visceral leishmaniasis with or without HIV co-infection. A hospital-based case series study of visceral leishmaniasis assessing clinical manifestations laboratory data treatment outcomes and HIV sero-status was conducted in Gondar University Teaching Hospital over a period of five years and seven months (from January 1999 to July 2004). A total of 221 kala-azar patients participated in the study. Out of 212 visceral leishmaniasis cases tested for HIV 87(41.0%) were HIV co-infected. Age > 20 years was independently associated with HIV co-infection. Out of 213 kala-azar patients treated with sodium stibogluconate (SSG) 52 died resulting in a case fatality rate of 24.4%. The case fatality rates among HIV positive and HIV negative kala-azar cases were 39.3% and 13.0% respectively. Using logistic regression HIV infection body mass index (BMI) of 15 and below bleeding tendency and age > 20 years were identified as independent variables predicting death. HIV co-infection and the case fatality rates are very high among patients with Visceral leishmaniasis. We recommend further study and improved care for HIV co-infected visceral leishmaniasis cases. (authors)
Acceptability of the female condom by female health workers in Francistown, Botswana

Background: Women account for nearly half the global population of persons living with HIV. In sub-Saharan Africa women constitute 60% of adults living with the virus. The situation makes it necessary to develop and improve prevention actions that target women. The female condom is a practical option. It is the only available dual protection method that protects against sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies, and is designed for women to initiate. Objective: This study aimed to measure condom use by females as well as their attitude and perceptions about female condom use in Francistown, Botswana. Research Design: The research design employed was the survey method. Seventy-one participants were enrolled. Participants were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire which consisted of demographic characteristics, and attitudes and perceptions of female condom use. Results: The study found that 15.5% of women had used the female condom in the previous month, 12.9% had used the condom in the previous 3 months, and 17.2% had used the female condom in the previous 12 months. The study also showed that the majority of participants believed the female condom was readily available (71.4%) and that it empowered women (63.3%), and the majority of women (78.9%) would recommend its use. However, only 22.8% believed that the female condom was better than the male condom, 28.6% believed it was easy to use, and only 9.8% thought it was popular with clients. The majority (53.5%) believed the female condom was not well promoted and (56.3%) of participants did not know if sex with the female condom was as good. Conclusion & Recommendation: Female condom use by female health workers was low. There is need for more research to examine why the condom is not acceptable among female health workers.
Higher-dimensional analogues of K3 surfaces

0 Introduction 11 Examples 31.1 Beauville . 31.2 Mukai and beyond . 51.3 Mukai ﬂops . 62 General theory 72.1 Topology . 72.2 The Kahler cone . 113 Complete families of HK varieties 143.1 Double EPW-sextics, I . 163.2 The Beauville-Donagi family . 214 Numerical Hilbert squares 224.1 The deformation . 234.2 Double EPW-sextics, II . 285 Global Torelli and deformations of K3
Meta-analysis of the effects of soil properties, site factors and experimental conditions on solute transport

Preferential flow is a widespread phenomenon that is known to strongly affect solute transport in soil, but our understanding and knowledge is still poor of the site factors and soil properties that promote it. To investigate these relationships, we assembled a database from the peer-reviewed literature containing information on 733 breakthrough curve experiments under steady-state flow conditions. Most of the collected experiments (585 of the 733 datasets) had been conducted on undisturbed soil columns, although some experiments on repacked soil, clean sands, and glass beads were also included. In addition to the apparent dispersivity, we focused our attention on three indicators of preferential solute transport: namely the 5%-arrival time, the holdback factor, and the ratio of piston-flow and average transport velocities. Our results suggest that, in contrast to the 5%-arrival time and the holdback factor, the piston-flow to transport velocity ratio is not related to preferential macropore transport but rather to the exclusion or retardation of the applied tracer. Confirming that the apparent longitudinal dispersivity is positively correlated with the travel distance of the tracer, our results also illustrate that this relationship is refined if the normalized 5%-tracer arrival time is also taken into account. In particular, we found that the degree of preferential solute transport increases with apparent dispersivity and decreases with travel distance. A similar but weaker relationship was observed between apparent dispersivity, 5%-tracer arrival time, and lateral observation scale, such that the degree of preferential transport increases with lateral observation scale. However, we also found that the travel distance and the lateral observation scale in the investigated dataset are correlated, which makes it difficult to distinguish their influence on these transport characteristics. We also found that the strength of preferential transport increased at larger flow rates and water saturations, which suggests that macropore flow was a more important flow mechanism than heterogeneous flow in the soil matrix. Nevertheless, our data show that heterogeneous flow in the soil matrix also occasionally leads to strong preferential transport. Furthermore, we show that preferential solute transport under steady-state flow depends on soil texture in a threshold-like manner: moderate to strong preferential transport was found to occur only for undisturbed soils that contain more than 8% clay. Preferential flow characteristics were also absent for columns filled with glass beads, clean sands, or sieved soil. No clear effect of land use on the pattern of solute transport could be discerned, probably because the available dataset was too small and too strongly affected by cross-correlations with experimental conditions. Our results suggest that, in developing pedotransfer functions for solute transport properties of soils, it is critically important to account for travel distance, lateral observation scale, and water flow rate and saturation.
The Deep and Transient Universe in the SVOM Era: New Challenges and Opportunities - Scientific prospects of the SVOM mission

To take advantage of the astrophysical potential of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), Chinese and French astrophysicists have engaged the SVOM mission (Space-based multi-band astronomical Variable Objects Monitor). Major advances in GRB studies resulting from the synergy between space and ground observations, the SVOM mission implements space and ground instrumentation. The scientific objectives of the mission put a special emphasis on two categories of GRBs: very distant GRBs at z$>$5 which constitute exceptional cosmological probes, and faint/soft nearby GRBs which allow probing the nature of the progenitors and the physics at work in the explosion. These goals have a major impact on the design of the mission: the on-board hard X-ray imager is sensitive down to 4 keV and computes on line image and rate triggers, and the follow-up telescopes on the ground are sensitive in the NIR. At the beginning of the next decade, SVOM will be the main provider of GRB positions and spectral parameters on very short time scale. The SVOM instruments will operate simultaneously with a wide range of powerful astronomical devices. This rare instrumental conjunction, combined with the relevance of the scientific topics connected with GRB studies, warrants a remarkable scientific return for SVOM. In addition, the SVOM instrumentation, primarily designed for GRB studies, composes a unique multi-wavelength observatory with rapid slew capability that will find multiple applications for the whole astronomy community beyond the specific objectives linked to GRBs. This report lists the scientific themes that will benefit from observations made with SVOM, whether they are specific GRB topics, or more generally all the issues that can take advantage of the multi-wavelength capabilities of SVOM.
Levels of hygiene and microbial quality indicators among the eggs collected from different sources in gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh

A study was conducted to determine the shelf life of marketed table eggs collected from three different sources of gannavaram locality by evaluating internal, external and microbiological quality of eggs. The data obtained revealed that locally produced eggs had lower egg weight, albumen weight and yolk weight 51.1 ± 0.23 g, 29.55 ± 0.11 g and 16.08 ± 0.87 g where as albumen height is 0.58 ± 0.49 cm when compared with eggs collected from market and super markets. Mean values of Microbiological load i.e. Total viable count (TVC), Yeast and mould (Y&M) and Enterobacteriaceae count (EC) were 4.48 ± 0.05, 4.26 ± 0.05 and 1.15± 0.04 log cfu/egg (egg shell) were significantly (P<0.05) higher for eggs collected from farm source where as No significant differences was found in the eggs collected from market and supermarket eggs respectively. This study reviled that marketed table eggs from market and supermarkets of gannavaram locality were of good quality and had a higher cost. Whereas the farm eggs had lower quality traits due to unhygienic practices during egg collection, inadequate storage and cheap in cost when compared to eggs purchased directly from market and supermarkets.
Bayesian inference of genetic parameters for reproductive and performance traits in White Leghorn hens

Rosa J.O. , Venturini G.C. , Chud T.C. S. , Pires B.C., Buzanskas M.E. , Stafuzza N.B., Furquim G.R. , Cruz V.A. R. , Schmidt G.S. , Figueiredo E.A. P., Lima V.F. M.H. , Ledur M.C. , Munari D.P. (2018): Bayesian inference of genetic parameters for reproductive and performance traits in White Leghorn hens. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 63, 230–236. This study estimated the genetic parameters for reproductive and performance traits and determined which ones can be used as selection criteria for egg production in laying hens using the Bayesian inference. The data of 1894 animals from three generations of White Leghorn laying hens were analyzed for fertility (FERT), hatchability (HATC), and birth rate measurements at 60 weeks of age (BIRTH), body weight at 16 and 60 weeks of age (BW16 and BW60), age at sexual maturity (ASM), egg height/width ratio, weight, and density at 28, 36, and 40 weeks of age (RHW28, RHW36, RHW40, WEGG28, WEGG36, WEGG40, DENS28, DENS36, and DENS40, respectively) traits. The genetic parameters were estimated by the Bayesian inference method of multi-trait animal model. The model included the additive and residual genetic random effects and the fixed effects of generation. The a posteriori mean distributions of the heritability estimates for reproductive traits ranged from 0.14 ± 0.003 (HATC) to 0.22 ± 0.005 (FERT) and performance from 0.07 ± 0.001 (RHW28) to 0.42 ± 0.001 (WEGG40). The a posteriori mean distributions of the genetic correlation between reproductive traits ranged from 0.18 ± 0.026 (FERT and HACT) to 0.79 ± 0.007 (FERT and BIRTH) and those related to performance ranged from –0.49 ± 0.001 (WEGG36 and DENS36) to 0.75 ± 0.003 (DENS28 and DENS36). Reproductive and performance traits showed enough additive genetic variability to respond to selection, except for RHW28. This trait alone would have little impact on the genetic gain because environmental factors would have a higher impact compared to those from the additive genetic factors. Based on the results of this study, the selection applied on the BIRTH trait can be indicated to improve FERT and HATC of eggs. Furthermore, the use of the WEGG40 could improve egg quality in this population.
Characterizing Smallholder Dairy Production and their marketing: The implication of enhancing market-oriented dairy development in Bure district, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.

Livestock production in Ethiopia is the major sub-sector of agriculture with great potential due to its abundance of natural resources, a suitable climate and large cattle population. This study was carried out in the Amhara region (Bure district) where dairy farming plays a key role in people’s livelihoods. The aim was to characterize the area’s dairy production system and current and potential marketing participation. So far, most dairy production is for self-consumption and market oriented dairy production is still developing. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to a randomly selected sample of 90 dairy producers across three production systems (rural, urban and peri-urban). Larger cattle population (9.97+0.77) was found in rural dairy production than the urban (7.57+0.84) and peri-urban (6.40+0.69 head/hh) systems. More cross breed cattle were found in urban (4.03+ 0.62 head/hh) than peri-urban (0.3+0.12) and rural (0.07+ 0.05) dairy production system. The average numbers of lactating cows in urban, peri-urban and rural systems were 2.23+1.45, 1+0.83 and 1.87+1.01, respectively. From which, in average 9.35+1.79, 1.22+0.20 and 1.96+0.34 litters of milk was daily produced per household in urban, peri-urban and rural dairy production systems, respectively. From daily produced milk in urban system, larger amount (7.72+1.63 litter) of milk was sold than amount of milk consumed (1.60+0.35 litters) but in peri-urban and rural systems no milk was sold rather it was used only for household consumption. Attela (26.2%), hay (24.3%) and crop residue (22.3%) were primary feed sources in urban dairy subsystem. In per-urban and rural dairy production system, crop residues, attela and grazing were the major feed source to dairy farming. In all airy production system, independent housing system was mainly used to shelter their dairy cattle. It accounts for 93.3%, in urban, 50.0% in peri-urban and 80.0% in rural system. Taking sick cattle to clinic was the primary mechanism used to manage the health problem in urban (74.3%), peri-urban (69.8%) and rural (57.1%) dairy production systems. The dominant cattle types sold in the urban dairy production were male calf and bull whereas in both peri-urban and rural was old cattle type. To improve milk production and market participation in the rural and peri-urban systems, effective and competitive dairy production and marketing system should be developed and also provide intensive extension supports to dairy producers.