Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of stoichiometry on the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of Fe–Pt and Co–Pt from first-principles calculation

The effect of stoichiometry on magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) of Fe1+xPt1−x and Co1+xPt1−x (−0.5 < x < 0.5) is studied by use of first-principles method. The calculated MAEs show maxima at x = 0 for both fully L10-ordered systems. Compared with that, the MAEs of partially L10-ordered systems reduce but their composition dependences do not change, without shift of the maximum MAE to Fe/Co-rich alloy as found in experiment at room temperature. In the off-stoichiometric alloys, the misoccupied Fe/Co and Pt show large MAEs, which is explained by the enhanced in-plane hybridization between Fe/Co and Pt. The composition dependence of the atom-resolved MAE is governed by the varying number of heterogeneous ligands around the atom. The MAE(T)/MAE(0) is discussed based on spontaneous magnetization and Curie temperature, which suggests that the temperature effect may contribute to the discrepancy between calculation and experiment in the composition dependence of MAE.
Linking Antarctic glaciochemical records to past climate conditions (scientific paper)

Deep Antarctic ice cores document the former states of the climatic system, the atmosphere, and the marine and terrestrial biospheres. However, questions do remain in the interpretation and the reliability of ice core chemical profiles in terms of atmospheric information. Data from the Dome C, Vostok, Dome F, and EPICA deep ice cores are used and compared in the discussions. First of all, the transfer functions of various gaseous and particulate compounds are not entirely understood and in the case of acid gases, strong postdeposition effects are observed at central Antarctic sites. It is emphasised that marine primary and secondary aerosol species may strongly interact during their long-range transport. Continental aerosol is important for the Antarctic impurity budget only in glacial environmental conditions. Its composition, as derived from Antarctic ice core glaciochemistry is discussed. As for the case of marine aerosol, the reaction of primary and gas-derived aerosol has to be considered. Finally, the possible impact of continental dust on marine biogenic activity shortly is discussed in the light of glaciochemical results. key words: central Antarctica, ice cores, chemistry, aerosol, interactions
Assessment of quality of life in Turkish patients with cancer

We evaluated Quality of Life (QOL) in cancer patients by using the Turkish version of Multidimensional Quality of Life Scale-Cancer 2. Data were analysed for 188 consenting individuals with mean age 49.7 (SD=15.9) years, most of whom were male, married, primary school educated and treated by combined therapy. The interesting finding of this study was that sociodemographic factors rather than cancerrelated factors could contribute to poorer QOL. In this study we showed that duration of the disease and type of cancer, presence of metastasis, and type of treatment had no effect on QOL. However, age, educational level, and hospitalization were associated with particular domains of QOL. Subjects with older age reported lower QOL in all subdimensions. Significant differences existed in subscales of QOL and total QOL among the patients who had different educational level. Illiterate patients had the lowest QOL scores except nutrition. Hospitalized patients had lower QOL scores than patients treated on an outpatient-basis. In conclusion, health workers who work with cancer patients need to determine the underlying reasons of the patient’s QOL and evaluate the impact of sociodemographic variables. [Turk J Cancer
Combined infectious bronchitis virus Arkansas and Massachusetts serotype vaccination suppresses replication of Arkansas vaccine virus

Polyvalent infectious bronchitis virus vaccination is common worldwide. The possibility of vaccine interference after simultaneous combined vaccination with Arkansas (Ark) and Massachusetts (Mass)-type vaccines was evaluated in an effort to explain the high prevalence of Ark-type infectious bronchitis virus in vaccinated chickens. Chickens ocularly vaccinated with combinations of Ark and Mass showed predominance of Mass vaccine virus before 9 days post-vaccination (DPV) in tears. Even when Mass and Ark vaccines were inoculated into separate eyes, Mass vaccine virus was able to outcompete Ark vaccine virus. Although Mass vaccine virus apparently had a replication advantage over Ark vaccine in ocular tissues, Ark vaccine virus appeared to have an advantage in spreading to and/or replicating in the trachea. When chickens vaccinated with Ark or Mass vaccine were housed together, Mass vaccine virus was able to spread to Ark-vaccinated chickens, but the Ark vaccine was not detected in Mass-vaccinated chickens. Only Mass vaccine was detected in tears of sentinel birds introduced into groups receiving both vaccines. Furthermore, Ark vaccine virus RNA was not detectable until 10 DPV in most tear samples from chickens vaccinated with both Ark and Mass vaccines at varying Ark vaccine doses, while high concentrations of Mass virus RNA were detectable at 3–7 DPV. In contrast, Ark vaccine virus replicated effectively early after vaccination in chickens vaccinated with Ark vaccine alone. The different replication dynamics of Ark and Mass viruses in chickens vaccinated with combined vaccines did not result in reduced protection against Ark challenge at 21 DPV. Further studies are needed to clarify if the viral interference detected determines differences in protection against challenge at other time points after vaccination.
Medical complications, clinical findings, and educational outcomes in adults with Noonan syndrome

Noonan syndrome (NS) is a heterogeneous developmental disorder caused by missense mutations in genes involved in the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway, a major mediator of early and late developmental processes. The diagnosis of NS is made on clinical grounds with molecular confirmation of a mutation found in 63% of cases. Key clinical features include short stature, cardiac defects, developmental delay, lymphatic dysplasias, bleeding tendency, and a constellation of distinctive facial features and physical exam findings. The prevalence of medical issues or the development of new ones in adults with NS is not well‐studied. This cross‐sectional study reports on the prevalence of clinical conditions and their ages of onset in a cohort of 35 adolescents and adults with NS aged 16–68 years old (mean age 28 years). In this cohort, 34 of 35 subjects (97%) had had full PTPN11 sequencing; 37% were PTPN11 positive, 23% were SOS1 positive, and 3% were BRAF positive. Mean adult height in both men and women was at the 3rd–10th centile. The most prevalent clinical findings in this cohort included pulmonary valve stenosis (71%), easy bruising (63%), GERD (60%), constipation (51%), scoliosis (54%), chronic joint pain (54%), lymphedema (49%), depression (49%), anxiety (49%), Chiari malformation (20%), and osteopenia/osteoporosis (14%). In summary, adults with NS are affected by multi‐organ morbidity and require special medical management aimed towards the most prevalent and serious known medical complications. Larger studies characterizing the clinical conditions found in NS adults are needed to provide potential genotype–phenotype correlations that may aid in clinical management. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adhesive Property of Toxin‐Coregulated Pilus of Vibrio cholerae O1

The adhesive property of toxin‐coregulated pilus (TCP) to the human intestine (jejunum), and whether or not TCP mediates the adhesion of Vibrio cholerae 395 organisms to the intestinal epithelium were investigated using visually proving methods. The purified TCP did not agglutinate human erythrocytes nor adhere to the surface of human intestinal epithelium. V. cholerae 395 adhered to the epithelium, but the adhesion was not inhibited by blocking the pili with the Fab fraction of anti‐TCP IgG. The organisms adhered to the intestine treated with purified TCP in advance, as well as to the intact intestine. These findings suggest that TCP is not involved in the adhesion of these organisms to the intestinal epithelium.
Precision feeding can significantly reduce feeding cost and nutrient excretion in growing animals

Precision feeding is an agricultural concept that relies on the existence of between-animal variation and involves the use of feeding techniques that allow the right amount of feed with the right composition to be provided at the right time to each pig of the herd. Precision feeding is proposed as an essential approach to improve nutrient utilization and thus reduce feeding cost and nutrient excretion. The potential impact of using precision feeding techniques on feeding cost and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) excretion was evaluated in this study. The growing pig module of InraPorc® was slightly modified and used to estimate lysine requirements and simulate growth of individual pigs and the overall population. Detailed information of body composition of individual pigs, feed intake and growth performance was used to calibrate the model. Simulated pigs were fed either according to a typical three-phase feeding program or individually with a daily tailored feed as could be provided using precision feeding techniques. Feeding cost was determined according to common commercial pig feeds sold in Quebec, Canada. As expected, simulated N and P retention was not affected (P>0.05) by the feeding method. However, feeding pigs with daily tailored diets reduced (P<0.001) N and P intake by 25% and 29%, respectively and nutrient excretions were reduced both by more than 38%. Feed cost was 10.5% lower for pigs fed daily tailored diets. In fact, population protein and P requirements were established to optimize average daily gain of the population. Estimated nutrient requirements did not include safety margins as normally used in commercial feeds and therefore, the simulated N and P reductions are probably underestimated. Phosphorus excretion should be interpreted with caution because actual models simulating P retention seldom take into account the effect of P intake in P retention and bone mineralisation. Precision feeding can be an efficient approach to significantly reduce feeding cost and the excretion of N and P in animal production systems.
Inhalation toxicology.

In occupational and domestic environments, hazardous chemicals can enter the body through the lungs via gases, aerosols, and particulates from natural and anthropogenic sources. Fully updated with new research and discoveries since the last edition, Inhalation Toxicology, Third Edition presents contributions from internationally recognized scientists in the academic, commercial/industrial, and governmental sectors. A pragmatic resource for practicing professionals and students, the book comprehensively examines the relationship between the respiratory system and the toxicology of inhaled substances.Topics include:Regulatory aspects of exposure and testingTesting equipment and proceduresRespiratory allergy and irritation of the respiratory tractRisk assessmentToxicology theoryToxicology modelingToxic effects of some individual toxicantsNew topics in this third edition include collection and characterization of airborne particulate matter, the inhalation toxicology of asbestos fibers and nanoparticles, and the development of lung-on-a-chip technology for predicting in vivo responses. Each chapter concludes with thought-provoking questions and answers, enhancing the book’s educational utility.
Influence of tramadol on morphine discriminative behavior in rats.

AIM To study the potential of the psychological dependence of tramadol. METHODS Rats were trained to discriminate 4.0 mg/kg morphine, and to discriminate 0.5 mg/kg methamphetamine (MA) from saline under a fixed-ratio (FR10) schedule of reinforcement. After they acquired the discrimination, different doses of tramadol were used to substitute for training dose of morphine and MA. Naltrexone was injected concomitantly with tramadol. RESULTS Tramadol fully substituted morphine at a dose of 32 mg/kg or higher. The ED50 value of the discriminative effects of tramadol was 20.94 mg/kg, higher than that of morphine (2.04 mg/kg, P < 0.01). MA failed to generalize to tramadol at the doses tested. Naltrexone antagonized the discriminative response of tramadol. CONCLUSION Tramadol can substitute for morphine in morphine discriminative rats. The discriminative stimulus effects of tramadol are mediated by a mu opioid mechanism.
Comparison of the Clinical Efficacies of Fentanyl, Esmolol and Lidocaine in Preventing the Hemodynamic Responses to Endotracheal Intubation and Extubation

Background : We compared the efficacy of intravenous fentanyl, esmolol and lidocaine in preventing hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy, endotracheal intubation and extubation in abdominal surgeries. Methods: A hundred and twenty patients (aging from 18 to 65, ASA class I or II, Mallampati grade I) were randomly divided into 4 groups. Fentanyl 1µg kg -1 (n = 30), Esmolol 1 mg kg -1 (n = 30), Lidocaine 1 mg kg -1 (n = 30) and NaCl 0.9% 10 mL (Control group, n = 30) were administered before induction and extubation. Heart rate, systolic arterial pressure and diastolic arterial pressure were recorded before anesthesia induction and at laryngoscopy, at 1st, 3rd ,5th and 10th minutes of intubation, and then at the end of surgery before extubation, and at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 10th minutes following extubation. Amounts of the administered drugs and side effects were recorded. Results: The heart rates and the arterial blood pressures values of the study groups after intubation and extubation were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The heart rates, the systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure values after intubation and extubation at 1st, 3th, and 5th minutes were significantly lower in esmolol group when compared to fentanyl and lidocaine groups (P < 0.05). In all other measurement times, there was no any different of hemodynamic among the three groups. Conclusion: When administered before induction and emergency of anesthesia 1 mg kg –1 of esmolol and lidocaine, and 1µg kg -1 of fentanyl are effective in suppressing the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy, intubation and extubation. Esmolol may be more effective to prevent those responses comparing fentanyl and lidocaine. Furthermore studies regarding the dose of those drugs should be required. doi:10.4021/jcs31e
Evidence-Based Assessment of Conduct Problems in Children and Adolescents

This article provides a summary of research in 4 areas that have direct and important implications for evidence-based assessment of children and adolescents with conduct problems (CP): (a) the heterogeneity in types and severity of CP, (b) common comorbid conditions, (c) multiple risk factors associated with CP, and (d) multiple developmental pathways to CP. For each of these domains, we discuss implications for evidence-based assessment, present examples of specific measures that can aid in such assessments, and provide recommendations for evidence-based assessment of CP in children and adolescents. We conclude that there is a need to (a) enhance the clinical utility of evidence-based measures for assessing CP; (b) increase attention to the sensitivity of such measures to change, for both treatment evaluation and monitoring; and (c) develop assessment methods that reliably and validly identify a child or adolescent's placement and progress on the various developmental pathways to CP.
Stigma and Polytherapy: Predictors of Quality of Life in Patients with Epilepsy from South India

Background: Apart from unpredictable seizures and consequent injuries, people with epilepsy (PWE) confront with psychosocial adjustments. Quality of life (QOL) varies with culture and socioeconomic milieu. Identification of predictors for QOL enables comprehensive and effective care. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the role of stigma, demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors in QOL among PWE. Subjects and Methods: In this prospective observational study, 170 PWE answered QOL in epilepsy-31 (QOLIE-31) and stigma questionnaire. Internal consistency of instruments was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha and reproducibility by intracorrelation coefficient (ICC). Descriptive statistics were calculated, and predictors were identified by regression analysis. Results: Mean age of the PWE was 34.39 ± 11.49. Cronbach's alpha and ICC of the QOLIE-31 were 0.946 and 0.974 and stigma scale was 0.903 and 0.954, respectively. Mean total QOL was 60.29 ± 14.12. Highest and lowest scores of subscales of QOL were observed in medication effects and social functioning. Mean stigma score of PWE was 22.21 ± 14.64. Majority of PWE had mild stigma (75%) followed by moderate (22%) and high stigma (1%). Stigma score correlated with total and subscales of QOL (P < 0.01). Statistically significant decrease in scores of total and subscales of QOL was observed in high and moderate stigma when compared to mild stigma (P < 0.01). Stigma (standardized beta coefficient = −0.652, P< 0.00) and polytherapy (standardized beta coefficient = −0.180, P< 0.02) were found to be the significant predictors of QOL. Significant decrease in total and subscale scores of QOL was observed in PWE under polytherapy when compared to monotherapy and also in seizure frequent against seizure-free PWE (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Besides control of seizures, encouragement of monotherapy and destigmatization campaigns may improve the QOL of PWE.
Meningeal (Postdural) Puncture Headache, Unintentional Dural Puncture, and the Epidural Blood Patch: A National Survey of United States Practice

Background: Meningeal (postdural) puncture headache (MPH) is a familiar iatrogenic complication. The optimal means of prevention, management, and treatment of this disorder are uncertain. The purpose of this study was to determine current practice among United States (USA) anesthesiologists regarding MPH as well as the related issues of unintentional dural puncture (UDP), the epidural blood patch (EBP), and proposed alternatives to the EBP. Methods: A survey form was sent as a single mailing to each practicing USA member of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine in June 2006. Results: Data were analyzed from 1024 returned survey forms (29.4% response rate). Major findings were as follows: Written institutional protocols for managing UDP and MPH are uncommon. The preferred method of immediately dealing with an UDP when providing analgesia for labor is to reattempt the epidural at another level (73.4%). When intrathecal catheters are used for labor analgesia, they are most often removed immediately after delivery (56.5%). After UDP in the obstetric setting, aggressive hydration and encouraging bed rest are the most frequently used prophylactic measures against the development of MPH. Frequently used treatment options for MPH include aggressive hydration, the EBP, oral caffeine, oral nonopioid analgesics, and bed rest. With the exception of a uniform blood volume (16-20 mL), procedural details of the EBP vary considerably among practitioners. The use of materials other than blood for epidural patch is uncommon. Conclusions: Various measures, many poorly supported by the literature, are used prophylactically after UDP and in the treatment of MPH. Despite being nearly universally used as treatment of MPH, the EBP procedure itself remains largely nonstandardized.
dentification of dysregulated microRNA expression and their otential role in the antiproliferative effect of the essential oils from our different Lippia species against the CT 26 . WT colon tumor cell line

In spite of advances in colorectal cancer treatments, approximately 1.4 million new global cases are estimated for 2015. In this sense, Brazilian plant diversity offers a multiplicity of essential oils as prospective novel anticancer compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative effect of the essential oils from four Lippia species in CT26.WT colon tumor cells, as a measurement of cell cycle phase distribution and microRNA expression. CT26.WT showed cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase after treatment with 100 g/ml of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson, Lippia sidoides Cham. , and Lippia lacunosa Mart. & Schauer, Verbenaceae, essential oils and, at the same concentration, Lippia rotundifolia T26.WT ippia essential oil icroRNA ell cycle phases Cham. essential oil caused an augment of G0/G1 phase. The miRNA expression profiling shows change of expression in key oncogenic miRNAs genes after treatment. Our findings suggest growth inhibition mechanisms for all four essential oils on CT26.WT cells involving direct or indirect interference on cell cycle arrest and/or oncogenic miRNAs expression. © 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. This is an open he CC access article under t
An epidemiological study of nosocomial infections in the patientsadmitted in the intensive care unit of Urmia Imam Reza Hospital: An etiological investigation

The prevalence of nosocomial infections in critical care units is high. Nosocomial infections are of serious hospital problems. In addition, they are impose heavy costs on hospitals, causing increased hospitalization time, increased morbidity and mortality. In this study, we aimed to determine the epidemiological status of nosocomial infections in hospital ICU Imam Reza, Urmia, Iran. This study was performed on 556 patien ts who were admitted to ICU of Imam Reza hospital from 2006-2007. The data collected accordi ng to the questionnaire, addressing the demographic characteristics, intervention measures on patient, paraclinical reviews, and therapeutic measures on patients. The clinical sign s and symptoms of patients were also controlled. In suspected patients, necessary labora tory tests and cultures were done. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 17 package. The incidence of nosocomial infections was 8.45 percent. The most common type of infections were pneumonia 5UTI 21.3%, and both 19.1% respectively. The most common microorganisms in pul monary infections were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in UTI E. coli, respectively. Incidence of pneumonia significantly is more than of other (p 0.05). The prevalence of nosocomial infection in this study, w as consistent with the prevalence mentioned in mentioned in the reference texts of infectious dise ases (e.g. Mandel), approximately as 5-20%. We found the minimal extent of this rate the preval ence of nosocomial infections, namely nearly 5%. Here, like other studies, we reported gram-nega tive bacteria as the most common cause of nosocomial infections. The results of this study as serts the importance of ongoing processes in ICU for the prevention of nosocomial infections.
SWIFT OBSERVATIONS OF 1FGL J1018.6−5856

We report on X-ray properties of the gamma-ray binary 1FGL J1018.6−5856 using observations obtained with the Swift X-ray telescope. Using 54 observations made between MJD 55575 and 55984, we find that the X-ray flux is modulated at a period of 16.57 ± 0.11 days, which is consistent with previous reports based on gamma-ray data. We find that the X-ray maximum at phase 0 previously reported may not be a persistent feature of the source: the dramatic increases at phase 0 were only detected for ∼100 days and were not detected thereafter. Rather, the persistent sinusoidal maximum seems to be at phase 0.3–0.4, and is misaligned with the gamma-ray (GeV) peak. We also find evidence that the source's X-ray flux is correlated with the spectral hardness in the 0.5–10 keV band. Such a correlation has also been reported in the gamma-ray binaries LS 5039 and LS I +61°303 and can help us to understand the X-ray emission mechanisms of the sources.