Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Aspects Of Religion And Work-Family Interface In Malaysia: A Longitudinal Study

Shifting from Western-dominated perspectives, this study aimed to investigate relationship between religion and work-family conflict and enrichment. SPSS analysis was conducted on data obtained through two self-report questionnaires completed three months apart by 296 executives and non-executives from six public and private sector organizations in Kuching, Sarawak. After controlling for conflict and enrichment at Time 1, aspects of religion (importance of religion and perception of religiousness) negatively related with work-family conflict and positively associated with work-family enrichment. The study underscores the roles religion, which have been neglected in Western studies, as important parts in shaping the work-family interface in Malaysia. Therefore, organizations should include religious activities to encourage work-life balance among employees.
Analysis of whole‐cell currents by patch clamp of guinea‐pig myenteric neurones in intact ganglia

Whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings taken from guinea‐pig duodenal myenteric neurones within intact ganglia were used to determine the properties of S and AH neurones. Major currents that determine the states of AH neurones were identified and quantified. S neurones had resting potentials of −47 ± 6 mV and input resistances (Rin) of 713 ± 49 MΩ at voltages ranging from −90 to −40 mV. At more negative levels, activation of a time‐independent, caesium‐sensitive, inward‐rectifier current (IKir) decreased Rin to 103 ± 10 MΩ. AH neurones had resting potentials of −57 ± 4 mV and Rin was 502 ± 27 MΩ. Rin fell to 194 ± 16 MΩ upon hyperpolarization. This decrease was attributable mainly to the activation of a cationic h current, Ih, and to IKir. Resting potential and Rin exhibited a low sensitivity to changes in [K+]o in both AH and S neurones. This indicates that both cells have a low background K+ permeability. The cationic current, Ih, contributed about 20 % to the resting conductance of AH neurones. It had a half‐activation voltage of −72 ± 2 mV, and a voltage sensitivity of 8.2 ± 0.7 mV per e‐fold change. Ih has relatively fast, voltage‐dependent kinetics, with on and off time constants in the range of 50–350 ms. AH neurones had a previously undescribed, low threshold, slowly inactivating, sodium‐dependent current that was poorly sensitive to TTX. In AH neurones, the post‐action‐potential slow hyperpolarizing current, IAHP, displayed large variation from cell to cell. IAHP appeared to be highly Ca2+ sensitive, since its activation with either membrane depolarization or caffeine (1 mm) was not prevented by perfusing the cell with 10 mm BAPTA. We determined the identity of the Ca2+ channels linked to IAHP. Action potentials of AH neurones that were elongated by TEA (10 mm) were similarly shortened and IAHP was suppressed with each of the three Ω‐conotoxins GVIA, MVIIA and MVIIC (0.3–0.5 μm), but not with Ω‐agatoxin IVA (0.2 μm). There was no additivity between the effects of the three conotoxins, which indicates the presence of N‐ but not of P/Q‐type Ca2+ channels. A residual Ca2+ current, resistant to all toxins, but blocked by 0.5 mm Cd2+, could not generate IAHP. This patch‐clamp study, performed on intact ganglia, demonstrates that the AH neurones of the guinea‐pig duodenum are under the control of four major currents, IAHP, Ih, an N‐type Ca2+ current and a slowly inactivating Na+ current.
Predicting Caregiver-Reported Behavior Problems in Cocaine-Exposed Children at 3 Years

ABSTRACT. Predictors of caregiver-reported behavior problems for 3-year-olds with prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) and matched controls were examined using structural equation modeling. We tested whether PCE had a direct effect on child behavior problems in a model that included other prenatal drug exposure, child sex, caregiver depression, and the quality of the child's home environment. The sample (N = 256) was drawn from a longitudinal, prospective study of children of (predominantly crack) cocaine-using women and controls matched on race, socioeconomic status, parity, and pregnancy risk. Child Behavior Problems was modeled as a latent variable composed of the 48-item Conners' Parent Report Scale Conduct Problem and Impulsive-Hyperactive scales and the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory Intensity scale. Caregiver depression was the only significant predictor of Child Behavior Problems. Mean levels of caregiver self-reported depression and reported child behavior problems did not differ between groups. Mean depression scores were well above the recommended clinical cutoff while mean child behavior problems scores were within normal limits. The model explained 21% of the variance in caregiver-reported child behavior problems in our sample of rural African American, low SES youngsters. Non-maternal caregivers of cocaine-exposed children had significantly lower mean depression scores and mean child behavior problems ratings for 2 of 3 scales used in the study compared to biological mothers of children with PCE and controls. For all groups, much larger proportions of children were rated as having clinically significant behavior problems than would be expected based on the prevalence of behavior problems in the general population.
The acute phase and function in early rheumatoid arthritis. C-reactive protein levels correlate with functional outcome.

OBJECTIVE To discover whether normalization of C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) results in stabilization of their functional state, and whether a measure of disease activity can be used as a predictor of functional outcome. To examine the relationship between change of CRP and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) over a 24 mo period to define the sensitivity of HAQ to change. METHODS A prospective study of 109 consecutive patients who fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology criteria for RA and had elevated CRP before steroid or 2nd line therapy. A full clinical assessment including HAQ was performed at presentation and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 mo. On the basis of the change in CRP at 6 mo, patients were divided into 3 groups: (1) CRP suppression to normal, (2) 50% reduction in CRP, and (3) less than 50% CRP change. RESULTS The 3 groups were clinically and immunologically similar at onset. At 6 mo the median HAQ fell to 5 (lower to upper quartiles 7.5 to 19) in Group 1 (CRP normalized, n = 34), 6 (3.75 to 10) in Group 2 (CRP reduced by 50%, n = 30), and 12 (6 to 18) in Group 3 (less than 50% CRP change, n = 44), p < 0.005 for Groups 1 and 2 versus Group 3. At 12 and 24 mo HAQ remained significantly lower in Groups 1 and 2 compared with Group 3. In Group 1, patients either maintained a normal CRP (n = 28) or their CRP became elevated (n = 6). Only in those patients in whom a re-elevation of the CRP occurred was deterioration in HAQ subsequently seen. CONCLUSION Suppression of elevated CRP in patients with active RA is associated with improvement in functional score, whereas persistent elevation of CRP is associated with functional deterioration. Once abnormal CRP is suppressed, no functional deterioration is likely to occur without re-elevation in CRP. Therefore, elevated CRP provides a convenient short term correlation with functional outcome and can be used as a guide for therapy. A HAQ score is a sensitive indicator of change in early disease.
Accuracy of record linkage software in merging dental administrative data sets.

OBJECTIVE To determine the accuracy of record matching using "Link King" software that uses an ordinal score for the certainty that linked records are valid matches. METHODS We linked records in North Carolina Medicaid files to public health surveillance files using Link King matching software. We selected a stratified random sample of 230 of 45,295 linked records and 50 of 35,119 non-linked surveillance records, then manually reviewed the records. Sensitivity (Sn) and Specificity (Sp) were calculated based on each cut point of the Link King score, using manual review as the gold standard. RESULTS The Sn increased from 0.837 (95% CI: 0.785, 0.892) to 0.935 (0.879, 0.994) and Sp decreased from 0.893 (0.816, 0.976) to 0.865 (0.790, 0.947) as cut points were varied to widen the scope of declared matches. With a goal of both Sn and Sp being large, accuracy was best when linked record pairs from the top three levels of certainty were included in the match. CONCLUSIONS This study found that a publicly available software program accurately merged Medicaid and surveillance data. The Link King could be useful to researchers in merging administrative databases.
Working memory constrains human cooperation in the Prisoner's Dilemma.

Many problems in human society reflect the inability of selfish parties to cooperate. The "Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma" has been used widely as a model for the evolution of cooperation in societies. Axelrod's computer tournaments and the extensive simulations of evolution by Nowak and Sigmund and others have shown that natural selection can favor cooperative strategies in the Prisoner's Dilemma. Rigorous empirical tests, however, lag behind the progress made by theorists. Clear predictions differ depending on the players' capacity to remember previous rounds of the game. To test whether humans use the kind of cooperative strategies predicted, we asked students to play the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma game either continuously or interrupted after each round by a secondary memory task (i.e., playing the game "Memory") that constrained the students' working-memory capacity. When playing without interruption, most students used "Pavlovian" strategies, as predicted, for greater memory capacity, and the rest used "generous tit-for-tat" strategies. The proportion of generous tit-for-tat strategies increased when games of Memory interfered with the subjects' working memory, as predicted. Students who continued to use complex Pavlovian strategies were less successful in the Memory game, but more successful in the Prisoner's Dilemma, which indicates a trade-off in memory capacity for the two tasks. Our results suggest that the set of strategies predicted by game theorists approximates human reality.
Akt‐mediated cardioprotective effects of aldosterone in type 2 diabetic mice

Studies have shown that aldosterone would have angiogenic effects and therefore would be beneficial in the context of cardiovascular diseases. We thus investigated the potential involvement of aldosterone in triggering a cardiac angiogenic response in the context of type‐2 diabetes and the molecular pathways involved. Male 3‐wk‐old aldosterone synthase (AS)‐overexpressing mice and their control wild‐type (WT) littermates were fed a standard or high‐fat, high‐sucrose (HFHS) diet. After 6 mo of diet treatment, mice were euthanized, and cardiac samples were assayed by RT‐PCR, immunoblotting, and immunohistology. HFHS diet induced type‐2 diabetes in WT (WT‐D) and AS (AS‐D) mice. VEGFa mRNAs decreased in WT‐D (–43%, P<0.05 vs. WT) and increased in AS‐D mice (+236%, P< 0.01 vs. WT‐D). In WT‐D mouse hearts, the proapoptotic p38MAPK was activated (P<0.05 vs. WT and AS‐D), whereas Akt activity decreased (–64%, P<0.05 vs. WT). The AS mice, which exhibited a cardiac up‐regulation of IGF1‐R, showed an increase in Akt phosphorylation when diabetes was induced (P<0.05 vs. WT and AS‐D). Contrary to WT‐D mice, AS‐D mouse hearts did not express inflammatory markers and exhibited a normal capillary density (P<0.05 vs. WT‐D). To our knowledge, this is the first study providing new insights into the mechanisms whereby aldosterone prevents diabetes‐induced cardiac disorders. —Fazal, L. , Azibani, F. , Bihry, N. , Coutance, G. , Polidano, E. , Merval, R. , Vodovar, N. , Launay, J.‐M. , Delcayre, C. , Samuel, J.‐L. Akt‐mediated cardioprotective effects of aldosterone in type 2 diabetic mice. FASEB J. 28, 2430–2440 (2014). www.fasebj. org
A mesenchymal‐like phenotype and expression of CD44 predict lack of apoptotic response to sorafenib in liver tumor cells

The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib is the only effective drug in advanced cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, response differs among patients and effectiveness only implies a delay. We have recently described that sorafenib sensitizes HCC cells to apoptosis. In this work, we have explored the response to this drug of six different liver tumor cell lines to define a phenotypic signature that may predict lack of response in HCC patients. Results have indicated that liver tumor cells that show a mesenchymal‐like phenotype, resistance to the suppressor effects of transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) and high expression of the stem cell marker CD44 were refractory to sorafenib‐induced cell death in in vitro studies, which correlated with lack of response to sorafenib in nude mice xenograft models of human HCC. In contrast, epithelial‐like cells expressing the stem‐related proteins EpCAM or CD133 were sensitive to sorafenib‐induced apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. A cross‐talk between the TGF‐β pathway and the acquisition of a mesenchymal‐like phenotype with up‐regulation of CD44 expression was found in the HCC cell lines. Targeted CD44 knock‐down in the mesenchymal‐like cells indicated that CD44 plays an active role in protecting HCC cells from sorafenib‐induced apoptosis. However, CD44 effect requires a TGF‐β‐induced mesenchymal background, since the only overexpression of CD44 in epithelial‐like HCC cells is not sufficient to impair sorafenib‐induced cell death. In conclusion, a mesenchymal profile and expression of CD44, linked to activation of the TGF‐β pathway, may predict lack of response to sorafenib in HCC patients.
Secure Full-Duplex Spectrum-Sharing Wiretap Networks With Different Antenna Reception Schemes

In this paper, we investigate the secrecy performance of full-duplex multi-antenna spectrum-sharing wiretap networks in which a jamming signal is simultaneously transmitted by the full-duplex secondary receiver (Bob) based on the zero forcing beamforming (ZFB) algorithm. For the security enhancement, we propose the two antenna reception schemes: 1) random selection combining (RSC) where Bob selects <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L_{\mathrm{B}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> antennas at random to combine the received signals and 2) generalized selection combining (GSC) where Bob selects <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L_{\mathrm{B}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> strongest antennas to combine the received signals. We derive the exact closed-form expressions for the secrecy outage probability of full-duplex multi-antenna spectrum-sharing wiretap networks with ZFB algorithm. In order to explore a new design of the proposed schemes, we provide tractable asymptotic approximations for the secrecy outage probability in high signal-to-noise ratio regime under two distinct scenarios. From the analysis, we demonstrate that: 1) when the main channel is much better than the eavesdropper’s channel, GSC/ZFB scheme achieves full diversity <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N_{\mathrm{B}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, while RSC/ZFB scheme only achieves partial diversity <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L_{\mathrm{B}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and 2) GSC/ZFB scheme achieves better secrecy performance than RSC/ZFB with different antenna numbers at Bob.
Histone-modifying enzymes, histone modifications and histone chaperones in nucleosome assembly: Lessons learned from Rtt109 histone acetyltransferases

Abstract During DNA replication, nucleosomes ahead of replication forks are disassembled to accommodate replication machinery. Following DNA replication, nucleosomes are then reassembled onto replicated DNA using both parental and newly synthesized histones. This process, termed DNA replication-coupled nucleosome assembly (RCNA), is critical for maintaining genome integrity and for the propagation of epigenetic information, dysfunctions of which have been implicated in cancers and aging. In recent years, it has been shown that RCNA is carefully orchestrated by a series of histone modifications, histone chaperones and histone-modifying enzymes. Interestingly, many features of RCNA are also found in processes involving DNA replication-independent nucleosome assembly like histone exchange and gene transcription. In yeast, histone H3 lysine K56 acetylation (H3K56ac) is found in newly synthesized histone H3 and is critical for proper nucleosome assembly and for maintaining genomic stability. The histone acetyltransferase (HAT) regulator of Ty1 transposition 109 (Rtt109) is the sole enzyme responsible for H3K56ac in yeast. Much research has centered on this particular histone modification and histone-modifying enzyme. This Critical Review summarizes much of our current understanding of nucleosome assembly and highlights many important insights learned from studying Rtt109 HATs in fungi. We highlight some seminal features in nucleosome assembly conserved in mammalian systems and describe some of the lingering questions in the field. Further studying fungal and mammalian chromatin assembly may have important public health implications, including deeper understandings of human cancers and aging as well as the pursuit of novel anti-fungal therapies.
The Determinants and Consequences of Tax Avoidance in Indonesia: The Effects of Top Management Characteristics and Capital Structure

Tax avoidance is the lawful minimization of income tax by employing legal methods. This study aims to assess the effects of top management characteristics and capital structure on tax avoidance, measured with Effective Tax Rate (ETR). Our panel data comprise public manufacturing corporations, observed from 2010-2015 (n= 452). Based on our panel analysis using random effects model on EView, we find that tax avoidance: (i) is negatively influenced by independent directors (ii) is positively affected by foreign directors; (iii) is influenced by capital structure, measured with firm leverage, and (iv) positively affects current profitability, measured with Return on Equity. Meanwhile, the influence of female directors are found to be nonexistent. We also offer empirical evidence that board of directors’ characteristics influence tax avoidance through financing decisions. The findings of this study suggest that firm capital structure determination is motivated by the intention to avoid taxes. Keywords: board characteristics, capital, structure, leverage, profitability, tax avoidance https://doi.org/10.21632/saki.1. 2.94-109
Positive End Expiratory Pressure during Resuscitation of Premature Lambs Rapidly Improves Blood Gases without Adversely Affecting Arterial Pressure

Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) is important for neonatal ventilation but is not considered in guidelines for resuscitation. Our aim was to investigate the effects of PEEP on cardiorespiratory parameters during resuscitation of very premature lambs delivered by hysterotomy at ∼125 d gestation (term ∼147 d). Before delivery, they were intubated and lung fluid was drained. Immediately after delivery, they were ventilated with a Dräger Babylog plus ventilator in volume guarantee mode with a tidal volume of 5 mL/kg. Lambs were randomized to receive 0, 4, 8, or 12 cm H2O of PEEP. They were ventilated for a 15-min resuscitation period followed by 2 h of stabilization at the same PEEP. Tidal volume, peak inspiratory pressure, PEEP, arterial pressure, oxygen saturation, and blood gases were measured regularly, and respiratory system compliance and alveolar/ arterial oxygen differences were calculated. Lambs that received 12 cm H2O of PEEP died from pneumothoraces; all others survived without pneumothoraces. Oxygenation was significantly improved by 8 and 12 cm H2O of PEEP compared with 0 and 4 cm H2O of PEEP. Lambs with 0 PEEP did not oxygenate adequately. The compliance of the respiratory system was significantly higher at 4 and 8 cm H2O of PEEP than at 0 PEEP. There were no significant differences in partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood between groups. Arterial pressure was highest with 8 cm H2O of PEEP, and there was no cardiorespiratory compromise at any level of PEEP. Applying PEEP during resuscitation of very premature infants might be advantageous and merits further investigation.
Prediction of wheat chemical and physical characteristics and nutritive value by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

1. The aims of this study were to investigate the potential of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the chemical and physical characteristics of wheat and also to predict the nutritive value of wheat for broiler chickens. 2. A total of 164 wheat samples, collected from a wide range of different sources (England, Northern Ireland and Canada), varieties and years, were used in this study. 3. Chemical and physical parameters measured included specific weight, thousand grain weight, in vitro viscosity, gross energy, nitrogen, neutral detergent fibre (NDF), starch, total and soluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), lysine, threonine, amylose, hardness, rate of starch digestion and protein profiles. 4. A total of 94 wheat samples were selected for inclusion in three bird trials and included at 650 g/kg in a typical UK starter/grower diet. Birds were housed in individual wire metabolism cages from 7 to 28 d and offered water and food ad libitum. Dry matter intake (DMI), live weight gain (LWG) and gain:feed ratio were measured weekly. A balance collection was carried out from d 14 to 21 for determination of apparent metabolisable energy (AME), ME:gain and dry matter retention. At 28 d the birds were humanely killed, the contents of the jejunum removed for determination of in vivo viscosity and the contents of the ileum removed for determination of ileal dry matter, starch and protein digestibility. 5. The wheat samples were scanned as whole and milled wheat, both dried and undried and NIRS calibrations, first excluding and then including the Canadian wheat samples, were developed. 6. NIRS calibrations for milled wheat samples may be useful for determining specific weight (R cv² = 0·75, for milled wheat dried), nitrogen (R cv² = 0·983 for milled and dried) and rate of starch digestion (R cv² = 0·791 for milled, dried and undried). 7. NIRS calibrations for whole wheat samples (undried) may be useful for determining wheat nutritive value, with good predictions for live weight gain (R cv² = 0·817) and feed conversion efficiency (R cv² = 0·825). 8. Inclusion of the Canadian wheat samples in the NIRS analysis provided additional robust calibrations for gross energy (R cv² = 0·86, dried and milled) and starch content (R cv² = 0·79, undried and milled). 9. This study shows that NIR is a useful tool in the accurate and rapid determination of wheat chemical parameters and nutritive value and could be extremely beneficial to both the poultry and wheat industry. 10. Further extension of the dataset would be recommended to further validate these findings.
A Moderating Role of Green Practices on the Relationship between Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction: Chinese Hotel Context

ABSTRACT The purpose of the current study is to investigate the existence of a moderating effect of a green initiative on the relationship between service quality and customers’ satisfaction in the Chinese hotel context. The study adopts a 2 × 2 between-subjects experimental design using scenarios. Four scenarios provide a mixed combination of high or low cases for a hotel’s green participation, and good or poor cases for service quality. The study uses the survey method to collect data from Chinese guests. It finds the main effect of service quality on customers’ satisfaction and a significant moderating role for green initiatives on the relationship between service quality and customers’ satisfaction, but interestingly found an opposite direction of the moderating role to the one hypothesized. The study’s results also reveal an insignificant main effect of a green initiative on customers’ satisfaction. The study provides theoretical and practical implications.