Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: importance of whole-body versus spinal MR imaging.

PURPOSE To examine if standard magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the axial skeleton is sufficient for evaluation of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) or if whole-body MR is necessary. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 100 untreated patients with MGUS (n = 27) or any stages of MM (n = 73) were examined with whole-body MR imaging and MR imaging of the axial skeleton. The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee, and written informed consent was given. Spinal pattern ("no diffuse involvement" or "diffuse involvement" as assessed from the signal intensity of the spinal bone marrow), serum parameters, and stage of disease were correlated with the probability of detecting extra-axial lesions with and without destruction of cortical bone by using a multiple logistic regression model. RESULTS Of 100 patients, 39 had lesions in the axial skeleton and 37 had lesions in the extra-axial skeleton. Of the latter group, nine patients had no axial lesions and 13 patients had lesions that violated cortical bone, which implied an increased fracture risk. Because of the extraaxial location, lesions in these patients could be diagnosed with whole-body MR only. In addition, no single or combination of clinical factors observed (stage of disease, serum parameters, and spinal pattern) allowed investigators to identify patients with a significantly increased probability of having extra-axial lesions or lesions violating cortical bone. CONCLUSION Whole-body MR imaging has potential for use in the initial work-up of patients with MGUS or MM, since almost one-half of all observed lesions would have been missed by using spinal MR imaging only and clinical parameters could not exclude the presence of extra-axial lesions.
Hypnosis in the alleviation of procedure related pain and distress in paediatric oncology patients

The aims of this study were: (1) to evaluate two different therapeutic approaches, namely direct versus indirect suggestions, in reducing pain during lumbar punctures; and (2) to explore the relationship between hypnotizability and outcome. Thirty children with leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who were undergoing regular lumbar punctures were randomly allocated to two groups. In one group, children were hypnotized and given direct suggestions associated with pain relief whilst undergoing lumbar puncture. In the second group children were given indirect hypnotic suggestions associated with pain relief. After hypnotic intervention, there was a statistically significant reduction over baseline for pain and anxiety during lumbar punctures in both groups. Direct and indirect methods were found to be equally effective. The level of hypnotizability was significantly associated with the magnitude of treatment outcome.
Melanoma of the Sinonasal Tract: Value of a Septate Pattern on Precontrast T1-Weighted MR Imaging

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Various tumors of the sinonasal tract can exhibit high signal intensity on T1WI. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of a septate pattern on precontrast T1WI for diagnosing sinonasal melanoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospectively, 3 observers independently reviewed MR images of 31 histologically proved sinonasal melanomas with special attention to the presence or absence of a septate pattern on precontrast T1WI, defined as alternating hyperintense and hypointense striations on precontrast T1WI. For comparison, we evaluated the prevalence of a septate pattern on precontrast T1WI in 106 nonmelanomatous sinonasal malignant tumors with 16 different histologic types. We also tried to identify the histopathologic features responsible for the septate pattern on precontrast T1WI. RESULTS: Twenty-seven (87.1%) of 31 sinonasal melanomas showed hyperintense foci on T1WI, among which a septate pattern on precontrast T1WI was seen in 23 (74.2%), while 22 (20.8%) of 106 nonmelanomatous malignant tumors demonstrated hyperintense foci on T1WI, among which only 3 (2.8%) showed a septate pattern on precontrast T1WI. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of a septate pattern on precontrast T1WI for the diagnosis of sinonasal melanoma were 74%, 97%, 88%, 93%, and 92%, respectively. Although limited due to the retrospective nature, 4 of 23 histologically reviewed sinonasal melanomas revealed an uneven distribution of melanin with alternating melanin and fibrous bands within the tumors. CONCLUSIONS: A septate pattern on precontrast T1WI might be an adjunctive imaging finding for the diagnosis of sinonasal melanoma. This might be attributed histologically to an uneven distribution of melanin and hemorrhage within the tumors.
Evaluation of a health education programme about traumatic brain injury

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate a health education programme (TBIoptions: Promoting Knowledge) designed to increase public awareness and understanding about traumatic brain injury (TBI) through in-person (classroom) and computer-based (electronic) learning environments. Design: We used a pre-post survey design with randomization of participants to classroom (N = 22) or electronic (N = 22) delivery of the programme, in classroom and computer laboratory settings on the campus of Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS. Method: Forty-four participants rated areas of knowledge about TBI prior to and after the programme experience. They also rated health programme quality and instructional strategies (e.g. video vignettes). Written responses provided information for qualitative analysis. Results: Participants reported significantly higher ratings of knowledge after the programme experience. Qualitative analysis of written responses provided further evidence to support quantitative outcomes. There were no significant differences in comparing the two methods of delivery (classroom versus electronic learning format). Participants rated the quality of the programme and various instructional strategies very highly. Conclusion: TBIoptions: Promoting Knowledge offers a health education programme to increase understanding about TBI. Both modes of delivery, classroom and electronic, appeared equally effective in terms of self-report of change.
Public and Biobank Participant Attitudes toward Genetic Research Participation and Data Sharing

Research assessing attitudes toward consent processes for high-throughput genomic-wide technologies and widespread sharing of data is limited. In order to develop a better understanding of stakeholder views toward these issues, this cross-sectional study assessed public and biorepository participant attitudes toward research participation and sharing of genetic research data. Forty-nine individuals participated in 6 focus groups; 28 in 3 public focus groups and 21 in 3 NUgene biorepository participant focus groups. In the public focus groups, 75% of participants were women, 75% had some college education or more, 46% were African-American and 29% were Hispanic. In the NUgene focus groups, 67% of participants were women, 95% had some college education or more, and the majority (76%) of participants was Caucasian. Five major themes were identified in the focus group data: (a) a wide spectrum of understanding of genetic research; (b) pros and cons of participation in genetic research; (c) influence of credibility and trust of the research institution; (d) concerns about sharing genetic research data and need for transparency in the Policy for Sharing of Data in National Institutes of Health-Supported or Conducted Genome-Wide Association Studies; (e) a need for more information and education about genetic research. In order to increase public understanding and address potential concerns about genetic research, future efforts should be aimed at involving the public in genetic research policy development and in identifying or developing appropriate educational strategies to meet the public’s needs.
EVALUATION OF THE VITALITY OF NELORE CALVES BORN OF NORMAL OR DYSTOCIC PARTURITIONS/Avaliação da vitalidade de bezerros nelores nascidos de partos normais ou distócicos.

A adaptacao a vida extra-uterina e um periodo critico para o recem-nascido. Inumeras alteracoes ocorrem em diferentes sistemas e orgaos, incluindo a funcao respiratoria e o equilibrio acido-basico. Os neonatos podem morrer devido a hipoxia ou traumas sofridos durante a parturicao. Visando avaliar a influencia do tipo parturicao (normal ou distocico) em relacao ao escore Apgar de vitalidade neonatal e aos valores de hemogasometria de bezerros nascidos de partos eutocicos ou distocicos, foram utilizados 30 bezerros da raca Nelore, sendo 18 animais nascidos de partos eutocicos e 12 de partos laboriosos. As amostras sanguineas foram colhidas por venopuncao jugular, imediatamente apos o nascimento e as 24 horas de vida. O pH, a pressao parcial de oxigenio (pO 2 ), a pressao parcial de dioxido de carbono (pCO 2 ), o dioxido de carbono total (TCO 2 ), a concentracao de bicarbonato (HCO 3 - ), o excesso de bases (BE), e a saturacao de oxigenio (sO 2 ) foram determinados utilizando-se analisador portatil de gases sanguineos. Observaram-se diferencas significativas entre os momentos nos valores hemogasometricos de bezerros. Os bezerros nascidos de partos distocicos apresentaram acidose respiratoria e menor vitalidade no periodo pos-parto imediato. SUMMARY Adaptation to extrauterine life is a critical period for the newborn. Numerous changes occur in different organ systems including respiratory function and acid-base equilibrium. Newborns may die due to hypoxia or trauma sustained during delivery. Thirty Nelore calves were used in this study, 18 born of normal and 12 of dystocic calving, to determine the influence of the type of parturition (normal or dystocic) on both neonatal Apgar score and blood gas analysis parameters of calves. The blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture immediately after birth and 24 hours later. The blood pH, oxygen partial pressure (pO 2 ), carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO 2 ), total carbon dioxide (TCO 2 ), bicarbonate concentration (HCO 3 -), base excess (BE) and oxygen saturation (SO 2 ) were determined by using a portable blood gas analyzer. Significant differences were observed over time in the blood gas values of the calves during this study. The calves born from dystocic parturition had respiratory acidosis and lower vitality in the immediate post-partum period.
Amyloid β peptide ratio 42/40 but not Aβ42 correlates with phospho‐Tau in patients with low‐ and high‐CSF Aβ40 load

Neurochemical dementia diagnostics (NDD) can significantly improve the clinically based categorization of patients with early dementia disorders, and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of amyloid β peptides ending at the amino acid position of 42 (Aβx‐42 and Aβ1‐42) are widely accepted biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, in subjects with constitutively high‐ or low‐CSF concentrations of total Aβ peptides (tAβ), the NDD interpretation might lead to erroneous conclusions as these biomarkers seem to correlate better with the total Aβ load than with the pathological status of a given patient in such cases. In this multicenter study, we found significantly increased CSF concentrations of phosphorylated Tau (pTau181) and total Tau in the group of subjects with high CSF Aβx‐40 concentrations and decreased Aβx‐42/x‐40 concentration ratio compared with the group of subjects with low CSF Aβx‐40 and normal Aβ ratio (p < 0.001 in both cases). Furthermore, we observed significantly decreased Aβ ratio (p < 0.01) in the group of subjects with APOE ε4 allele compared with the group of subjects without this allele. Surprisingly, patients with low‐Aβx‐40 and the decreased Aβ ratio characterized with decreased pTau181 (p < 0.05), and unaltered total Tau compared with the subjects with high Aβx‐40 and the Aβ ratio in the normal range. We conclude that the amyloid β concentration ratio should replace the ‘raw’ concentrations of corresponding Aβ peptides to improve reliability of the neurochemical dementia diagnosis.
Twelve- to Thirteen-Year-Old Boys Are More Resistant to Low-Frequency Fatigue Than Young Men

The aim of this study was to compare low-frequency fatigue (LFF) after 100 drop jumps in boys (age = 12.7 ± 0.7 years, mean ± SD) and men (age = 25.6 ± 1.7 years). The force-generating-capacity test (FGCT) of knee extensor muscles was performed before the exercise, as well as 3 and 20 min after the exercise. Before exercise, men were stronger than boys, but twitch time characteristics did not differ between the groups. The 20:50 Hz torque ratio was similar in boys and men as well (0.71 ± 0.08 and 0.73 ± 0.08, respectively). After exercise, at 20 min of recovery, the 20:50 Hz ratio was depressed to 48.9 ± 11.6% of initial in men and to 74.5 ± 10.0% of initial in boys (p < .05). There was no significant difference between boys and men in ground-reaction forces of drop jumps when the values were normalized to body mass. It is argued that intrinsic differences in the muscle-tendon complex are responsible for less severe LFF in boys compared with men.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND JOB SATISFACTION ON MEN AND WOMAN WORKING FOR IRAN MEDICAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITIES

هديكچ فده و هنيمز شيپ : و شجنس هعسوت ي اضر ي لغش ت ي زا هبنج ياه راومه نوگانوگ اب ه ي د دروم گ رارق هجوت ي در . شور هلمج زا شجنس ياه اضر ي لغش ت ي ؛ شوه ه ي ناج ي م ي دشاب . فده ا ني هلاقم هطبار تخانش ي ه شوه ي ناج ي اضر رب ي ت هاگشناد نانکراک يکشزپ مولع ياه تسا هدوب روشک . و داوم شور اه : عطقم ـ يليلحت تاعلاطم هتسد زا و يدربراك شهوژپ نيا ي تسا . هعماج ي وم هاگشـناد زا يخرب درم و نز نانكراك لماش شهوژپ در موـلع ياـه ارب هك هدوب روشك يكشزپ ي عضو شجنس ي اضر دوجوم ت ي لغش ت ي ، زا همانشسرپ اه ي گنيرشايربيس يناجيه شوه و گربزره يلغش تياضر هدافتسا سپ هک دش أت زا يي اور د يي اپ و ي ا يي عمج تهج روآ ي هداد تفرگ رارق هدافتسا دروم اه . هب ا ي ،روظنم ن ٤٣٧٥ هاگشناد زا رفن نيوزـق ،لـباز ،رهـشوب ،هـيمورا يکـشزپ موـلع ياه ، ناتسلگ اتن و دندش دراو هعلاطم رد دهشم و ي هب ج شور زا هدافتسا اب هدمآ تسد اه ي رامآ ي مرن كمك اب ،بسانم يطابنتسا رازفا SPSS زجت دروم ي لحت و ه ـي رارـق ل تفرگ . هتفاي اه : ياضر و يناجيه شوه نيب دراد دوجو هطبار درم و نز نانکراک يلغش ت ؛ هدوب رتشيب نانکراک يناجيه شوه هچ ره هك ينعم نيا هب نانآ يلغش تياضر ، سكعلاب و تسا هدوب رتلااب زين . هفلوم زا كي ره و يلغش تياضر نيب يناجيه شوه ياه ) تراـهم ،يعاـمتجا يرايشوه ،يلرتنكدوخ ،يهاگآدوخ و يعاـمتجا ياـه يزيگنادوخ ( دراد دوجو هطبار درم و نز نانکراک رد . يم ناشن هدمآ تسد هب جياتن خساپ لك رد هك دهد هفلوم زا كي ره و يلغش تياضر نيب نايوگ جنپ ياه هـناگ دراد دوجو تبثم هطبار يناجيه شوه . هفلوم هتبلا د يـنعي تـسا سنـج هب هتسباو يزيگنادوخ و يعامتجا يرايشوه ،يلرتنكدوخ ،يهاگآدوخ ياه هـفلؤم ر ياـه هفلؤم رد و هدش دييأت نانز دروم رد طقف هطبار نيا يعامتجا يرايشوه و يلرتنكدوخ ،يهاگآدوخ تـسا هدـش دييأت نادرم دروم رد طقف هطبار نيا يزيگنادوخ . و تراهم يعامتجا ياه ) يطابترا ( تسا هدش دييأت نانز و نادرم هورگ ود ره رد و هدوبن سنج هب هتسباو هطبار نيا . و ثحب هجيتن يريگ : دنتسه رادروخرب يرتشيب يلغش تياضر زا دنرادروخرب يرتلااب يناجيه شوه زا هك ينانكراك . هژاو ديلك اه : ه شوه ي ناج ي ، اضر ي لغش ت ي ، دم و نامزاس ي ر ي ت ) نامرد و تشادهب ( ، رادا نانکراک ي ، هاگشناد اه ،هيمورا ييامام و يراتسرپ هدکشناد همانلصف هرود هرامش ،مشش ،مراهچ ص ۱۶۹ ۱۵۸ ناتسمز ، ۱۳۸۷
Hepatitis C: a review of Australia's response

THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN RESCINDED: The review documents the extent of the problem posed by Hepatitis C - in terms of the prevalence and incidence of infection, the economic costs to Australia, and the social impact of the disease; assesses the performance of the National Hepatitis C Action Plan and the Nationally Coordinated Hepatitis C Education and Prevention Approach; provides a broad analysis of the current national and State- and Territory-level responses to the epidemic; and recommendations on directions and priorities for national action.
Estimating dietary costs of low-income women in California: a comparison of 2 approaches.

BACKGROUND Currently, no simplified approach to estimating food costs exists for a large, nationally representative sample. OBJECTIVE The objective was to compare 2 approaches for estimating individual daily diet costs in a population of low-income women in California. DESIGN Cost estimates based on time-intensive method 1 (three 24-h recalls and associated food prices on receipts) were compared with estimates made by using less intensive method 2 [a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and store prices]. Low-income participants (n = 121) of USDA nutrition programs were recruited. Mean daily diet costs, both unadjusted and adjusted for energy, were compared by using Pearson correlation coefficients and the Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement between methods. RESULTS Energy and nutrient intakes derived by the 2 methods were comparable; where differences occurred, the FFQ (method 2) provided higher nutrient values than did the 24-h recall (method 1). The crude daily diet cost was $6.32 by the 24-h recall method and $5.93 by the FFQ method (P = 0.221). The energy-adjusted diet cost was $6.65 by the 24-h recall method and $5.98 by the FFQ method (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although the agreement between methods was weaker than expected, both approaches may be useful. Additional research is needed to further refine a large national survey approach (method 2) to estimate daily dietary costs with the use of this minimal time-intensive method for the participant and moderate time-intensive method for the researcher.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Chinese bamboo rat, Rhizomys sinensis and species divergence comparison

Abstract The Chinese bamboo rat Rhizomys sinensis belongs to family Spalacidae, and is distributed in China, Myanmar, and Vietnam. In this study, the entire mitochondrial genome of R. sinensis was firstly determined. The genome is 16,564 bases in length, containing 13 protein coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and a putative control region. The composition and arrangement of its genes are identical to most other mammals. The whole base composition of the mitogenome is A 31.9%, G 12.0%, T 31.2% and C 24.9%, with an A+T rich pattern. The species divergence between R. sinensis and R. pruinosus is 0.113, in accordance with a “10× rule”, as the intraspecific barcode variation averaged 1%. The mitogenome data of R. sumatrensis is required to better understand the phylogenetic relationships within Rhizomys.
아동 보호자의 열성경련에 대한 지식, 염려 및 관리

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate caregivers’ knowledge, concerns, and management of children with febrile convulsions (FC). Methods: A descriptive correlation study was conducted with 133 caregivers whose children had been diagnosed with a FC. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson’s correlation were used for data analysis. Results: The mean percent of correct answers related to knowledge was 48.5%. Many caregivers believed that FC causes brain damage and did not know that risk of subsequent epilepsy in FC is rare. Levels of concern about FC were high. Caregivers were highly concerned about further FC attacks in the night and tended to worry that Febrile children were apt to get a fever. Many caregivers used management practices which are not recommended for FC in children. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between caregivers’ knowledge and concerns about FC. There was also a positive correlation between caregivers’ knowledge and management of FC. Conclusion: Findings suggest that improvements are needed in caregivers’ knowledge and management of FC. Caregivers’ concerns related to misconception need to be addressed. Development and evaluation of educational interventions on changing caregivers’ management of FC are recommended.
Connectivity in Digital Pictures

Natural concepts of connectedness and simple-connectedness are defined for subsets of a digital picture. It is shown that every simply-connected object (with more than one element) in such a picture has elements which can be deleted without destroying its simple- connectedness. This makes it easy to prove that a well-known "shrinking" algorithm always works--that is, shrinks any simply-connected object down to a single element. It also becomes easy to show that the natural "edge-following" algorithm, in which one "keeps one's hand on the wall," follows completely around the edge of any simply-connected object; this result in turn can be used to show that a well-known "border-following" algorithm (in which one follows the border elements of the object rather than the "cracks" between the object and its comple- ment) always works. Various related questions are also treated, among them, that of whether there can exist a "parallel" shrinking algorithm.
Efficacy and Safety of Belimumab in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Phase II, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Dose-ranging Study

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy/safety of belimumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. Patients fulfilling American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for RA for ≥ 1 year who had at least moderate disease activity while receiving stable disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy and failed ≥ 1 DMARD were randomly assigned to placebo or belimumab 1, 4, or 10 mg/kg, administered intravenously on Days 1, 14, and 28, and then every 4 weeks for 24 weeks (n = 283). This was followed by an optional 24-week extension (n = 237) in which all patients received belimumab. Primary efficacy endpoint was the Week 24 ACR20 response. Results. Week 24 ACR20 responses with placebo and belimumab 1, 4, and 10 mg/kg were 15.9%, 34.7% (p = 0.010), 25.4% (p = 0.168), and 28.2% (p = 0.080), respectively. Patients taking any belimumab dose who continued with belimumab in the open-label extension had an ACR20 response of 41% at 48 weeks. A similar ACR20 response (42%) at 48 weeks was seen in patients taking placebo who switched in the extension to belimumab 10 mg/kg. Greater response rates were observed in patients who at baseline were rheumatoid factor-positive, anticitrullinated protein antibody-positive, or tumor necrosis factor inhibitor-naive, or had elevated C-reactive protein levels, Disease Activity Score 28 > 5.1, or low B lymphocyte stimulator levels (< 0.858 ng/ml). Adverse event rates were similar across treatment groups. Conclusion. In this phase II trial, belimumab demonstrated efficacy and was generally well tolerated in patients with RA who had failed previous therapies. [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00071812]