Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of TCP over the UBR, ABR and GFR Services Categories in ATM Networks

Currently, the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) has been widely deployed in carrier networks. ATM has been designed to transport a wide variety of tra c, including real-time and non-real-time, by means of the so called Service Categories. Since the Internet tra c supported by the TCP/IP set of protocols has become the biggest part of non real time tra c, how the Internet tra c will be mapped into the ATM Services Categories is of capital interest. In this paper we analyze by means of simulation three of the Services Categories de ned in the ATM Forum that may be adequate to transport Internet tra c, namely: the Unspeci ed Bit Rate (UBR), the Available Bit Rate (ABR) and the new Guaranteed Frame Rate (GFR). In the simulations we have considered the interconnection of LANs with di erent scenarios: using shared media LANs and ATM-LANs. The Services Categories are confronted in these scenarios by giving averages and plots of the traces of the most representative parameters. These include goodput, bu er occupancy, allowed window of the TCP module etc. The simulation results give guidelines about the TCP and UBR/ABR/GFR inter-operation and the bene ts of using each of these service categories.
Ancestry-constrained phylogenetic analysis supports the Indo-European steppe hypothesis: Supplementary materials

Discussion of Indo-European origins and dispersal focuses on two hypotheses. Qualitative evidence from reconstructed vocabulary and correlations with archaeological data suggest that IndoEuropean languages originated in the Pontic-Caspian steppe and spread together with cultural innovations associated with pastoralism, beginning c. 6500–5500 bp. An alternative hypothesis, according to which Indo-European languages spread with the diffusion of farming from Anatolia, beginning c. 9500–8000 bp, is supported by statistical phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses of lexical traits. The time and place of the Indo-European ancestor language therefore remain disputed. Here we present a phylogenetic analysis in which ancestry constraints permit more accurate inference of rates of change, based on observed changes between ancient or medieval languages and their modern descendants, and we show that the result strongly supports the steppe hypothesis. Positing ancestry constraints also reveals that homoplasy is common in lexical traits, contrary to the assumptions of previous work. We show that lexical traits undergo recurrent evolution due to recurring patterns of semantic and morphological change. *
Risk assessment of the subclinical hypothyroidism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with different levels of cardiovascular risk

Objective: To assess the risk of developing subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with a different risk of cardiovascular complications, and to identify the link between high risk of developing SH and major cardiovascular factors (CV). Material and methods: A one-stage clinical trial included 298 people with NAFLD with the presence of one or more CV risk factors (arterial hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia) and various levels of CV risk factors on the SCORE scale. All patients were questioned on a standard questionnaire and HRQ, a thyroid status study was conducted. Result: Patients were divided into three groups according to the level of total CV risk for SCORE: 33.9% had low / moderate CV risk, 41.9% high and 24.2% very high CV risk. The majority of the subjects were in the age groups 50-59 and 60-69 years. In the age group 40-49 years, 22.2% of patients had high CV risk, 28% of men aged 50-59 years had moderate CV risk, while 49.7% of older patients showed very high CV risk. According to the results of a survey on the HRQ questionnaire, a low risk of developing hypertension was found in 34.9%, a moderate risk in 48.9%, and a high risk was found in 16.1% of patients. Persons with a very high CV risk on the SCORE scale also have a high risk of developing the SH according to the HRQ questionnaire. Among patients with the presence of one or more of the above CV risk factors, early markers of thyroid status disorders should be identified and the risk of developing hypertension should be assessed. Such a tactic contributes to an adequate assessment of the risk of SH in patients with NAFLD and the development of methods for primary prevention. Correspondence to: Olena Kolesnikova, L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine; E-mail: kolesnikova1973@gmail.com
Molecular spin qubits based on lanthanide ions encapsulated in cubic polyoxopalladates: design criteria to enhance quantum coherence

The family of cubic polyoxopalladates encapsulating lanthanide ions [LnPd12(AsPh)8O32]5− where Ln = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er and Tm, is magnetically characterised and theoretically described by the Radial Effective Charge (REC) model and a phenomenological crystal-field approach using the full-hamiltonian, in the SIMPRE and CONDON packages respectively. The lack of anisotropy generates an extraordinarily rich energy level structure at low temperatures, which allows us to study how such a structure is affected by lifting the strict cubic symmetry and/or by applying an external magnetic field. In particular, we will explore the possibility of using these cubic Ln complexes as spin-qubits. We will focus on the Ho derivative. We find that it is possible to reach a regime where decoherence caused by the nuclear spin bath is quenched for moderate axial compression of the cube and small magnetic fields.
Feed efficiency and carcass and meat quality characteristics of bulls finished on diets containing varied proportions of wheat straw and wet sugar beet pulp

Fifteen young Holstein Friesian bulls (18 mo of age ) were divided into three groups of five. All group s were fed a diet consisting of 60% concentrate and 4 0% roughage. The control (C) group received a mixture of dry meadow hay, dry lucerne and wheat straw as roughage. The second and third treatment groups were fed a similar mixture of roughage partially substit uting wheat straw with wet sugar beet pulp (SBP) at levels of 4% and 8% on a dry matter (DM) basis, respectively. Dry matter intake and feed efficiency ratio (kg DM intake/kg weight gain) of the C group were signific antly higher than those of the 4% SBP and 8% SBP groups. Slaughter and carcass traits indicated that there were no significant differences between diet ary treatments. The inclusion of 8% SBP significantly i mproved panel ratings for tenderness, juiciness, be ef flavour intensity and general acceptance, as well a s number of chews before swallowing and the Warner Bratzler Shear value. Proximate analysis of the mea t did not demonstrate differences between meat from the bulls fed C and the SBP diets. It was concluded tha t wheat straw could be replaced by 8% SBP in the finishing diet for young Holstein Friesian bulls in order to improve feed efficiency and sensory quali ty characteristics of their meat.
Ignition Behavior of Al/Fe2O3 Metastable Intermolecular Composites

Nano size Al/Fe2O3 thermite system has been reported in the literature as metastable intermolecular composites (MIC). Nano Al/nano Fe2O3 MIC has been prepared in various proportions by ultrasonic method. A comparative study on heat output and thermal behavior has been made on MIC using DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis), STA (Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer) and bomb calorimeter. It has been observed that nano-size ingredients produce more heat output compared to micron size ingredients. The ignition temperature also reduces in case of MIC indicating faster release of energy at lower temperature. The impact of ignition of nano-thermite has been reported based on ignition DTA experiment. DTA analysis also shows complete reaction in case of MIC where as micron size thermite showed an endothermic peak of Al melting indicating incomplete reaction. The PXRD (Powder X-Ray Diffraction) data of combustion products has been used to establish the combustion mechanism of MIC. The activation energy of MIC has been calculated using Kissinger, Ozawa and Starink kinetic equations and compared with literature reported values.
ACORN Criteria for Effectiveness (ACE) Treatment Outcomes Evaluation Method

This document illustrates a method of qualitatively interpreting psychotherapy outcomes as assessed by quantitative measures of clients’self-reported clinical symptoms that are administered repeatedly throughout the course of therapy. For any qualitative interpretations of quantitative data, it becomes necessary to categorize the continuous quantitative outcomes by using cutoff scores. For example, it becomes necessary to quantitatively determine what magnitude of change could be categorized as“improved. ”Or, it requires a criterion to designate a particular clinician as“effective”based on one’s clients’average outcomes. Therefore, to qualitatively interpret any quantitative data, it is necessary that cutoff scores are utilized.
Coding Theory and Neural Associative Memories with Exponential Pattern Retrieval Capacity

Keywords: neural associative memory ; error correcting codes ; codes on graphs ; message passing ; stochastic learning ; dual-space method ; graphical models These Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne EPFL, n° 6089 (2014)Programme doctoral Informatique, Communications et InformationFaculte informatique et communicationsInstitut d'informatique fondamentaleLaboratoire d'algorithmiqueJury: Prof. W. Gerstner (president); Prof. M.A. Shokrollahi (directeur); Prof. G. Kramer, Prof. H. -A. Loeliger, Prof. M. Seeger (rapporteurs) Public defense: 2014-4-17 Reference doi:10.5075/epfl-thesis-6089Print copy in library catalog Record created on 2014-04-01, modified on 2017-05-12
PESTE DES PETITS RUMINANTS IN ALGERIA: VIRAL CIRCULATION OF PPRV BETWEEN 2012 AND 2015

Following the detection of lineage IV peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) circulation in Tunisia and Morocco in 2008, investigations were regularly executed in farms and livestock markets of Algeria, mainly in western and eastern part bordering Morocco and Tunisia, respectively. A sero-surveillance undertaken in early 2011 confirmed serologically positive cases in the Sahara desert region. Consequently a national sero-survey of PPR involving all the 48 administrative districts of Algeria was conducted in February 2012, from 13/02/2012 to 23/02/2012. A total of 3396 samples from 202 livestock herds spread over 48 administrative districts (Wilayas) of Algeria were collected for this purpose. Serum samples were tested for the presence of antibodies to PPRV following the competitive ELISA protocol (cELISA). The laboratory investigation revealed a very high rate (68.8%) of serologic prevalence of PPR at national level. It also showed the spatial variability of the prevalence between different regions in the country; the highest infection rates (86.8%) were registered at the west region bordering Morocco while the lowest (51.4%) was observed in the north. This rate also varied from old animals (22.9%) to young animals (13.5%) and from goats (23.9%) to sheep (17.1%) and from females (21.8%) to males (14.1%). The PPRV circulation is proven towards this survey but none vaccination program was applied. It is in this purpose that a sero-survey was lead in 2015 where 1286 animals were sampled (1085 sheep and 201 goats), 315 were positive with a global seroprevalence of (24.5%). The seroprevalence calculated in sheep is (24%) and (26%) in goats. This lead to implement the strategy to fight PPR as the veterinary services decided in 2013 that vaccination will be extended to other districts based on the results of the serological survey and changes in health status.
Efficacy of Equine Demineralized Bone Matrix in treating Oral Cyst following Enucleation: A Histologic and Clinical study in Humans

Objectives: The aim of this study is to report the effect of equine demineralized bone matrix (DBM) on the healing of oral cystic cavities following enucleation using clinical parameters. Study design: Twelve patients aged from 20 to 40 years and suffering from cystic lesion in the jaw were included in this study. Cystic cavity augmentation with DBM was performed on 6 patients. After an average of 6 months’ healing period, a core bone was obtained and stained for histologic analysis simultaneously with implant placement. Results: Uneventful healing and spontaneous filling of the residual cavities was obtained in all cases. All implants showed favorable Osseointegration, and final restorations were completed without failure in all cases. Histologically, new bone formation was active around grafted bone, and grafted bone was well integrated to the newly formed bone matrix. In histomorphometric analysis, vital bone volume was 25.2 ±11.9%. Conclusion: The equine DBM is clinically useful for the increase of bone volume in cystic cavities after enucleation, because of its favorable effect of new bone formation and it is considered to be a safe, simple, reliable, acceptable, and easy handling bone grafting material.
Advancing the Detection and Management of Diabetic Retinopathy with Ultra-widefield Retinal Imaging

T he incidence of diabetes in the US population has increased more than fourfold over the last several decades and a high proportion of these patients manifest diabetic eye disease, including diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME). Ultra-widefield (UWF) retinal imaging has emerged as a valuable tool in the evolving standard of care for DR, providing essential visualization of ischemia and related pathology across the retina, particularly in the periphery, where these signs may appear earliest but may not be detected by conventional fundus photography. Multimodal UWF imaging has helped correlate changes in the periphery with DR progression, providing important guidance for treatment planning and facilitating improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms of disease. Rapid capture, immediate retrieval and efficient sharing of UWF retinal images support a wide spectrum of care settings—including teleophthalmology programs—and facilitate patient education.
HFH: Homologically Functional Hashing for Compressing Deep Neural Networks

As the complexity of deep neural networks (DNNs) trends to grow to absorb the increasing sizes of data, memory and energy consumption has been receiving more and more attentions for industrial applications, especially on mobile devices. This paper presents a novel structure based on homologically functional hashing to compress DNNs, shortly named as HFH. For each weight entry in a deep net, HFH uses multiple low-cost hash functions to fetch values in a compression space, and then employs a small reconstruction network to recover that entry. The compression space is homological because all layers fetch hashed values from it. The reconstruction network is plugged into the whole network and trained jointly. On several benchmark datasets, HFH demonstrates high compression ratios with little loss on prediction accuracy. Particularly, HFH includes the recently proposed HashedNets (Chen et al., 2015a) as a degenerated scenario and shows significantly improved performance. Moreover, the homological hashing essence facilitates us to efficiently figure out one single desired compression ratio, instead of exhaustive searching throughout a combinatory space configured by all layers.
4α-PDD 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate AA acetic acid ATP adenosine triphosphate BOO bladder outlet obstruction BPS bladder pain syndrome Cap Capsaicin CGRP calcitonin gene-related peptide CYP cyclophosphamide DO detrusor overactivity DRG dorsal root ganglia EFS electrical field stimulation GSK GSK

Running head: Bladder sensory targets to improve function 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 *Correspondence to: Margaret A. Vizzard, Ph.D. 33 University of Vermont College of Medicine 34 Department of Neurological Sciences 35 D405A Given Research Building 36 Burlington, VT 05405 37 Phone: 802-656-3209 38 Email: margaret.vizzard@uvm.edu 39 Articles in PresS. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol (April 23, 2014). doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00030. 2014
ULTRASTRUCTURAL LOCALIZATION OF ACID PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY IN THE KIDNEY SAC NEPHROCYTES OF HELIX ASPERSA

Ultracytochemical analysis of acid phosphatase in the nephrocytes of Helix aspersa renal sac was carried out using beta-glycerophosphate as the substrate of reaction. The reaction product was localized on dictyosomes, lysosomes, apical and lateral plasma membranes and, occasionally, in dense digestive bodies. In the latter, the lack of reaction or the weakness of it is discussed. Reaction product was affected by sodium fluoride, except in apical and the most lateral membranes. This fact could be interpreted as the result of phosphatase activity at these sites being different from that of lysosomal acid phosphatase.
Parental Resources and College Attendance: Evidence from Lottery Wins

We examine US children whose parents won the lottery to trace out the effect of financial resources on college attendance. The analysis leverages federal tax and financial aid records and substantial variation in win size and timing. While per-dollar effects are modest, the relationship is weakly concave, with a high upper bound for amounts greatly exceeding college costs. Effects are smaller among low-SES households, not sensitive to how early in adolescence the shock occurs, and not moderated by financial aid crowd-out. The results imply that households derive consumption value from college, and household financial constraints alone do not inhibit attendance. (JEL G51, I22, I23, I24, I26, I28, J24, J31)
Observational Study and Individualized Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Rules for Reducing Cancer Incidence in HIV-Infected Patients

Targeted Maximum Likelihood Learning (TMLL) has been proposed as a general estimation methodology that can, in particular, be applied to draw causal inferences based on marginal structural modeling with observational data using either a point treatment approach (all confounders are assumed not to be affected by the exposure(s) of interest) or a longitudinal data approach (some confounders may be affected by one of the exposures of interest). While formal development of TMLL has included road maps for applications in longitudinal data approaches, real-life implementations have been restricted to studies based on a point treatment approach. In this article, we illustrate the application of TMLL using a longitudinal approach to investigate the comparative effectiveness in delaying onset of AIDS-defining cancers of two clinical guidelines regarding “when to start” combination antiretroviral therapy based on a patient’s evolving CD4 count level. The analysis is based on observational data from the Kaiser Permanente electronic medical record to fit a non-parametric dynamic marginal structural model with the so-called inverse probability of action weighted-reduced data-targeted minimum loss-based estimator (IPAW-R-TMLE). The estimator is developed using formal results from previous, theoretical articles on TMLL before providing details on its implementation for this analysis.
Output of Lecturers in Nigerian Universities

This study investigates serials management in unive rsity libraries, determines the extent to which ser ials are accessed and used and appraises the influence of av ailability, accessibility and use of serials on pub lications output of lecturers in federal universities in Nige r a. Questionnaire administration method was adopt ed to accumulate data for the study. Combinations of bot h open-ended and closed-form types of questions wer e used. The study reveals that the universities studied hav e different types of serials in stock. Print and el ectronic serials were the major forms of serials used by lecturers i n N gerian universities with print serials being th e more utilised. University libraries and Internet were t h major sources of serials used by the lecturers. The result also reports that lecturers in Nigerian universities had publications in six categories of publications. Th e influence of serials management on access and use as revealed by the results, management on access (r = 0.112; P<0. 01) was significant while management on use (r = -0.031; P> 0.01) was not significant. All the independent vari ables (management, access and use) when combined had sign ificant influence on the dependent variable (public ations output) (F (3; 860) = 12.48, R = 204, R 2 = 0.04; P<0.01). The study therefore recommends th at government should provide adequate fund for provision of relevant, cu rrent and adequate serials for research activities to improve publications output of lecturers in Nigerian univer sities and that universities should maintain the po licy associated with ‘publish or perish’ to boost resear ch, information generation, utilisation and dissemi nation.
Diurnal Water Content Changes in the Bare Soil of a Coastal Desert

Abstract The deposition of dew is a common meteorological phenomenon that has been recognized as an important ecosystem element, especially in arid areas. There is some evidence that indicates that there is an increase in the water content of the topsoil during nights in which no dew deposition was observed. The purpose of this study is to describe the daily pattern of changes in water content in the upper soil layers and to identify the mechanism by which water is added to the soil (deposition or direct absorption). Moreover, the gains in soil water content during the night are compared to the dew amounts recorded by the Hiltner balance, and the losses and gains of water in terms of easily measurable environmental parameters are parameterized. Nine 24-h field campaigns took place during the dry season of 2002. During each campaign, the 100-mm topsoil was sampled hourly, and water content at 10-mm increments was obtained. Micrometeorological measurements included incoming and reflected shortwave radiation.
Three-dimensional musculoskeletal modelling of the seated row resistance-training exercise

Objective . To evaluate whether three-dimensional (3D) musculoskeletal modelling could be effective in assessing the safety and efficacy of exercising on a seated row resistance-training machine. The focus of the evaluation was on biomechanical and anthropometric considerations of the end user. Methods. Three anthropometric cases were created; these represented a 5th percentile female as well as a 50th and a 95th percentile male based on body mass index. Two repetitions, with a resistance equal to 50% of the functional strength of one repetition maximum (1RM) for each anthropometric case, were performed. Results. Results indicate that the default model of the LifeModeler software has important limitations that should be taken into consideration when used to evaluate exercise equipment. Adjustments had to be made to the model to solve the forward dynamics simulations; as a result, no muscle forces or contraction values were obtained. This negatively influenced the value of the results as these parameters are important when analysing an exercise. The seated row resistance-training machine’s engineered or manufactured adjustability was sufficient, as it appeared to accommodate the three anthropometric cases adequately during execution of this exercise. Conclusion. It appears that 3D musculoskeletal modelling can be used to evaluate resistance-training exercises such as the seated row; however, the limitations indicated by this study must be taken into consideration, especially when using the default LifeModeler model