Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF LIME MATERIALS TO AMELIORATE ACIDITY ON IRRIGATED PADDY FIELDS: A REVIEW

The importance of lime application to ameliorate acidity on paddy field has been reviewed. Emphasis is placed on acid sulfate commonly found in Southeast Asia and other related areas to which reference could be found. Most of the authors show that in acid sulfate soils, high content of Al caused adverse effect to rice growth. Application of lime precipitates Al and Fe in the soil and result in higher rice yield. The paper specifically covers the extent and types of acid sulfate soils, amelioration using lime and other combinations in rice cultivation and management.
Permanence and Stability of an Age-Structured Prey-Predator System with Delays

An age-structured prey-predator model with delays is proposed and analyzed. Mathematical analyses of the model equations with regard to boundedness of solutions, permanence, and stability are analyzed. By using the persistence theory for infinite-dimensional systems, the sufficient conditions for the permanence of the system are obtained. By constructing suitable Lyapunov functions and using an iterative technique, sufficient conditions are also obtained for the global asymptotic stability of the positive equilibrium of the model.
A thermodynamic formulation of root water uptake

Abstract. By extracting bound water from the soil and lifting it to the canopy, root systems of vegetation perform work. Here we describe how root water uptake can be evaluated thermodynamically and demonstrate that this evaluation provides additional insights into the factors that impede root water uptake. We derive an expression that relates the energy export at the base of the root system to a sum of terms that reflect all fluxes and storage changes along the flow path in thermodynamic terms. We illustrate this thermodynamic formulation using an idealized setup of scenarios with a simple model. In these scenarios, we demonstrate why heterogeneity in soil water distribution and rooting properties affect the impediment of water flow even though the mean soil water content and rooting properties are the same across the scenarios. The effects of heterogeneity can clearly be identified in the thermodynamics of the system in terms of differences in dissipative losses and hydraulic energy, resulting in an earlier start of water limitation in the drying cycle. We conclude that this thermodynamic evaluation of root water uptake conveniently provides insights into the impediments of different processes along the entire flow path, which goes beyond resistances and also accounts for the role of heterogeneity in soil water distribution.
Effects of static-stretching and whole-body-vibration during warm-ups on bench-press kinematics in males and females college-aged. [Efectos de los estiramientos estáticos y vibraciones durante el calentamiento en los parámetros cinemáticos del press banca en hombres y mujeres estudiantes].

This study aimed to examine the effects of different specific warm-up protocols including static stretching (SS) and whole body vibrations (WBV) on kinematics and number of repetitions during a bench press set to failure in physically active male and female subjects. A secondary purpose was to analyze the role of sex on the warmup induced effects. 24 participants (13 females and 11 males) were randomly assigned to complete 3 experimental conditions in a cross-over design: SS, WBV and SS+WBV. After each condition, participants performed one bench-press set to volitional exhaustion with a load equivalent to the 60% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in number of repetitions, mean and maximal accelerative portion (AP), mean and maximal velocity, and lifting velocity time-course pattern. Males showed significantly higher values regarding number of repetitions achieved and maximal and mean lifting velocity. However, regarding the percentage of the concentric phase in which barbell is accelerated, there were no sex differences. In conclusion, no relevant difference in kinematics variables can be shown when applying any of these three different warm-up protocols, these results may be useful when designing training programs. We recommend the protocol SS due to the cost-benefit relationship.
Dynamical detection of Majorana fermions in current-biased nanowires

We analyze the current-biased Shapiro experiment in a Josephson junction formed by two one-dimensional nanowires featuring Majorana fermions. Ideally, these junctions are predicted to have an unconventional $4\pi$-periodic Josephson effect and thus only Shapiro steps at even multiples of the driving frequency. Taking additionally into account overlap between the Majorana fermions, due to the finite length of the wire, renders the Josephson junction conventional for any dc-experiments. We show that probing the current-phase relation in a current biased setup dynamically decouples the Majorana fermions. We find that besides the even integer Shapiro steps there are additional steps at odd and fractional values. However, different from the voltage biased case, the even steps dominate for a wide range of parameters even in the case of multiple modes thus giving a clear experimental signature of the presence of Majorana fermions.
The fracture mechanics formulas for split-tension strips

The notched beams have been commonly used in concrete fracture. In this study, the splitting-strip specimens, which have some advantages – compactness and lightness – com- pared to beams, are analyzed for effective crack models. Using the Fourier integrals and Fourier series, a formula for the maximum tensile strength of concrete is first derived for an un-notched splitting-strip in the plane of loading. Subsequently, the linear elastic fracture mechanics formulas of the splitting-strip specimens, namely the stress intensity factor KI , the crack mouth opening displacement CMOD, and the crack opening displacement profile COD, are determined for different load-distributed widths via the weight function.
Pumping system design challenges for high-density iron ore tailings with highly variable slurry rheology

Fine iron ore tailings slurry is commonly deposited in tailings storage facilities across the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Many of these mines process ore from a combination of deposits such as Bedded Iron Deposits (BID), Channel Iron Deposits (CID) and Detrital Iron Deposits (DID), mixing the feed to obtain the product under contract. Each one of these ore deposits presents different particle size distribution and mineralogy, including clay composition, which translates into highly variable properties (and in particular, rheology) for the tailings slurry. This variability in the slurry can occur over a mining cycle (several weeks) or even over the course of a day. The iron ore process plants typically aim to manage the output solids concentration through the operation of the tailings thickener/s. Thickened tailings systems, due to the relatively high slurry concentration, can experience large changes in slurry rheology with relatively small variations in solids concentration or mineralogy. This high variability in the slurry rheology may became problematic for the thickener control system, operations personnel and finally the tailings pipeline. This paper discusses some of the challenges encountered when designing high-density tailings pumping systems where the expected rheology “envelope” is significantly wide. Additionally, comments are made on key considerations for the selection of pumping equipment and the pipeline to be able to cope with these potential rheology variations throughout the life of the project.
Spirituality in Pedagogy: "A Field of Possibilities"

A fter six years of exploring a spiritual approach to teaching, I finally used all my courage and proposed my dream course: Contemplation in Literature and Writing. As a special topics course for juniors and seniors, English 395 re­ lied on meditation and other sensory experiences as a means to explore contem­ plation. I wanted students (and myself) to discover why and how contemplation stimulates growth and allows art to manifest itself when applied to writing. I admit to feeling a little like Lewis and Clark traversing the winding rivers, but I knew the possibilities that lay ahead were important to discover. By the end of the semester, I knew, too, that their discovery would have been impossible with­ out experiential learning. This article describes the activities, offers student responses as evidence for combining education and spirituality, and encourages other teachers who are about to enter this exciting field. A spiritual approach to teaching enhances traditional pedagogy, which we know is based on reason and logic, by adding intuitive and subjective experi­ ences that also improve cognition . Such an approach integrates time for inward growth; it draws on "the unconditioned being that sleeps within" (Moffett 1 0); and it subverts conditions that work against students' spiritual development. These elements undoubtedly politicize the pedagogy and come with some risk if activi­ ties are not carefully planned and implemented. I will briefly add here that a spiritual approach is not for every teacher, for it takes a certain type of courage that comes from one's own spiritual development and experiences in the class­ room. I have success with it precisely because I have worked a long time at this kind of development, and I am convinced of its worth. I am also committed to designing pedagogy that produces the best possible outcomes for students but which does not compromise standard academic goals the university expects me to meet. As I would with any other theoretical base, I go to the 6Xperts to see what they advise. James Moffett, Parker Palmer, John Dewey, and Donald Gallehr have supported the efficacy of this pedagogy. The theoretical position, for me at least, is not easy to define because it seems to shift each time I add another block of experience to my repertoire. Moffett says a spiritual pedagogy "works through deep feeling," that "it honors the experiencer, and the range and depth of experience is the key to growth" ( 14). I currently believe that the theory can best be explained by understanding the degree of experience it elicits. Spiritual pedagogy, as I teach it, provides an experience of practicing awareness, of developing a greater range in our aware-
Affect Comovements Across Commodity Futures Returns ?

The value of USDA reports has long been a question of interest for researchers and practitioners. However, the impact of announcements on comovements across related commodity prices has not been explored beyond financial asset markets. This is important because the structure of the relationship between commodities could change depending on the type of information revealed in the announcement, thus affecting price perceptions, hedging ratios, and portfolio return variance. This study simultaneously measures the impact of selected USDA reports on the conditional variances and covariances of returns on corn, lean hogs, soybeans, soybean meal, and soybean oil futures contracts using a multivariate GARCH model. It is shown that the largest movements in covariances are observed on the release days of Feed Outlook, Grain Stocks, and Hogs and Pigs reports.
Properties of Two-Temperature Dissipative Accretion Flow Around Black Holes

We study the properties of two-temperature accretion flow around a non-rotating black hole in presence of various dissipative processes where pseudo-Newtonian potential is adopted to mimic the effect of general relativity. The flow encounters energy loss by means of radiative processes acted on the electrons and at the same time, flow heats up as a consequence of viscous heating effective on ions. We assumed that the flow is exposed with the stochastic magnetic fields which leads to Synchrotron emission of electrons and these emissions are further strengthen by Compton scattering. We obtain the two-temperature global accretion solutions in terms of dissipation parameters, namely, viscosity ($\alpha$) and accretion rate (${\dot m}$), and find for the first time in the literature that such solutions may contain standing shock waves. Solutions of this kind are multi-transonic in nature as they simultaneously pass through both inner critical point ($x_{\rm in}$) and outer critical point ($x_{\rm out}$) before crossing the black hole horizon. We calculate the properties of shock induced global accretion solutions in terms of the flow parameters. We further show that two-temperature shocked accretion flow is not a discrete solution, instead such solution exists for wide range of flow parameters. We identify the effective domain of the parameter space for standing shock and observe that parameter space shrinks as the dissipation is increased. Since the post-shock region is hotter due to the effect of shock compression, it naturally emits hard X-rays and therefore, the two-temperature shocked accretion solution has the potential to explain the spectral properties of the black hole sources.
HEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF THE RED SNAPPER Lutjanus analis CAPTURED IN FLORIANÓPOLIS, SC, BRAZIL, AND CULTURED IN FLOATING NET CAGES

This study evaluated the hematological profile of 24 red snapper Lutjanus analis specimens before and after the culture in floating net cages. The fish were caught with baited traps in Lagoa da Conceição, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, and stocked in floating net cages for 30 days. At the beginning and at the end of the culture period, hematological parameters such as hematocrit percentage, differential count of leukocytes and total count of erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes were analyzed. Additionally, the fish were weighed and measured in both sampling periods. Fish showed a mean weight of 364.8 ± 63.7 g and total length of 28.7 ± 1.8 cm before culture and a mean weight of 417.4 ± 86.5 g and total length of 30.3 ± 0.7 cm after culture. Significant increase (p<0.05) in the hematocrit percentage and total leukocytes and monocytes counts after culture were observed. This study showed that L. analis cultured for 30 days showed changes in the hematological parameters that might be related to adaptive physiological mechanisms of this species to farming conditions.
Oral health behavior of in-treatment female drug addicts in Tehran

1 کشزپنادند 2 رایداتسا هورگ ناکدوک یکشزپنادند یشزومآ ، یکشزپنادند هدکشناد ، یکشزپ مولع هاگشناد ینامرد ،یتشادهب تامدخ و نارهت ناریا ،نارهت ، 3 رایشناد یشزومآ هورگ ،یعامتجا یکشزپنادند و ناهد تملاس یکشزپ مولع هاگشناد ،یکشزپنادند هدکشناد ینامرد ،یتشادهب تامدخ و نارهت ناریا ،نارهت ، ؛ ع ض و یکشزپ مولع هاگشناد ،یکشزپنادند هدکشناد ،یگدیسوپ يریگشیپ تاقیقحت زکرم ینامرد ،یتشادهب تامدخ و نارهت ناریا ،نارهت ، 4 رایداتسا یشزومآ هورگ یکشزپنادند هدکشناد ،یعامتجا یکشزپنادند و ناهد تملاس ، ناهفصا یملاسا دازآ هاگشناد ناریا ،ناهفصا ،
Antimicrobial Activity of Some Plant Extracts on Microbial Pathogens Isolated from Hilla City Hospitals, Iraq

Medicinal plants such as Garlic and Onion (Allium sativum and Allium cepa) respectively, can be described as those plants in which one or more of its organs contain substances that can be used for chemotherapeutic purposes or precursors for the synthesis of useful drug. The use of plants in treating ailments has been in practice since a long time ago. The present study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of both aqueous and oil extracts of garlic and onion singly and mixed in vitro. Antimicrobial effects of aquatic garlic, onion and garlic-onion combination extract then garlic oil, onion oil and garlic-onion oil combination against five Gram-positive and eight Gram-negative bacterial isolates and one yeast (Candida albicans) were determined. Antimicrobial activity of these aqueous and oil extracts by well-diffusion method were characterized by inhibition zones of five Gram-positive, eight Gram-negative and one yeast pathogenic microbes. All organisms tested were highly sensitive to garlic-onion combination (aqueous and oil extract), then garlic (aqueous and oil extract), whereas all organisms tested were slightly sensitive to onion (aqueous and oil extract). Natural spices of Garlic and Onion (aqueous and oil extract) possess antimicrobial activity against our natural enemies like bacterial and fungal pathogens and further evaluation is necessary.
The Neglect of the Political: An Alternative Evidence-Based Practice for I–O Psychology

This commentary argues that the treatment of evidence-based practice offered in the focal article by Briner and Rousseau (2011) hampers the project of developing an evidence-based industrial–organizational (I–O) psychology by neglecting political aspects of organizational life. I aim to identify and challenge a bias against the political that permeates many of the arguments and analyses put forward in the article in ways that are not entirely obvious but are detrimental to its stated central objective ‘‘to help move I–O psychology in an evidence-based direction. ’’ Finally, I propose an alternative version of evidencebased practice for I–O psychology, one that is able to accommodate the phenomenon of organizational politics and that, in doing so, has the potential to enhance practice while remaining true to evidence-based principles.
La percepción del proceso político por parte de los ciudadanos. Una evaluación crítica de la consistencia de las preferencias y las preguntas de encuesta: Citizens' perceptions of political processes. A critical evaluation of preference consistency and survey items

The current state of research does not tell us much about citizens’ expectations of political decision making. Most surveys allow respondents to evaluate how the current system is working, but do not inquire about alternative political decision-making procedures. The lack of established survey items can be explained by the fact that radical changes in decision-making procedures have been hard to envisage, but also by a general scepticism regarding people’s ability to form opinions on these matters. Political processes are, without doubt, complex matters that do not lend themselves very well to simplistic survey questions. Moreover, previous research has convincingly shown that most people in general have difficulties forming single, coherent and stable attitudes even towards far more straightforward political issues. In order to determine if trying to grasp attitudes towards political decision-making in future empirical studies can be considered a fruitful endeavour, this study sets out to critically assess the extent to which people express coherent preferences on these matters, and if preferences are in line with expectations in previous, rather scattered research. The study is based on the Finnish National Election Study 2011; a study which, contrary to most other election studies, includes a rich variety of survey items on the topic, and utilises a combination of strategies in order to explore patterns in the opinions held by citizens.
Prototypical thinking of teachers regarding students labeled with a disability

With recent changes in the legislative directions (NCLB and IDEIA 2004) affecting education and the support to students with special needs, new thoughts have emerged in the identification, assessment, placement, and instruction of these students. The purpose of this study was to explore the prototypical thinking of teachers toward students with disabilities based on the categorical labels used in the classification of students. Social Cognitive and Ecological Theory provided a structure for a risk-resiliency framework to guide the research. Regular (n=18) and Special Education (n=18) teachers rated the categorical label stimuli on the two constructs of risk and resiliency. A repeated measure ANOVA was used to examine the differences in rating between the two teacher groups and a multidimensional scaling analysis (MDS) provided a topographical perspective of the neighborhood and dimensional aspects of the prototypes for each group on the two constructs. Results showed no differences between the groups based on the ANOVA however a unidimensional and the multidimensional analysis show distinct groupings mainly along physical-cognitive dimensions. The two teacher groups differed in their views of risk and resilience. A model of risk-resiliency is presented.
Cocaine Production and Trafficking: What Do We Know?

The main purpose of this paper is to summarize the information currently available on cocaine production and trafficking. The paper starts by describing the available data on cocaine production and trade, the collection methodologies (if available) used by different sources, the main biases in the data, and the accuracy of different data sources. Next, it states some of the key empirical questions and hypotheses regarding cocaine production and trade and takes a first look at how well the data match these hypotheses. The paper states some of the main puzzles in the cocaine market and studies some of the possible explanations. These puzzles and empirical questions should guide future research on the key determinants of illicit drug production and trafficking. Finally, the paper studies the different policies that producer countries have adopted to fight against cocaine production and the role consumer countries play in the implementation of anti-drug policies.
What Drives Stock Return Commonalities? Evidence from France and the USA Using a Cross - Sectional Approach

In this paper, we use a cross-sectional approach to get a deeper comprehension of the common risk profile of stock returns. Instead of employing static and ad hoc factor selection procedures as in Fama and French (1993), we use asymptotic developments of Bai and Ng (2002, 2006) to select the relevant factors. We thus reconcile two methodologies: a statistical one and the other, founded on observed factors. We apply our approach to French and US stock markets over the period 1999 to 2008 and test the performance of several traditionally observed factors, such as credit spread and firm-characteristic variables of Fama and French (1993) and Carhart (1997). Our results uncover strong time and country dependencies of stock risk profile.
History of benthic colonisation beneath the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica

This study presents compelling evidence for a diverse and abundant seabed community that developed over the course of the Holocene beneath the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica. Fossil analysis of a 47 cm long sediment core revealed a rich modern fauna dominated by filter feeders (sponges and bryozoans). The down-core assemblage indicated a succession in the colonisation of this site. The lower portion of the core (before ~9600 yr BP) was completely devoid of preserved fauna. The first colonisers (at ~10 200 yr BP) were mobile benthic organisms. Their occurrence was matched by the first appearance of planktonic taxa, indicating a retreat of the ice shelf following the last glaciation to within sufficient distance to advect planktonic particles via bottom currents. The benthic infauna and filter feeders emerged during the peak abundance of the planktonic organisms, indicating their dependence on the food supply sourced from the open shelf waters of Prydz Bay. Understanding patterns of species succession in this environment has important implications for determining the potential significance of future ice shelf collapse.