Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pengaruh Leverage Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Pada Perusahaan Yang Melakukan Diversifikasi

The effect of financial leverage to the value of the firm is a relationship which is both interesting and important to be analyzed. Whether a financing from external capital market, which is shown by a high degree of leverage, will increase the value of the firm or on the contrary it will decrease the value of the firm, or is there any other factor which influence the relationship between leverage and the value of the firm, these kind of questions need to have a thorough study so that the stakeholder of the firm can have a reference for decision making to decide what is the optimum ratio of leverage for their firm. The main purpose of this study is to analyzed the effect of financial leverage to the value of the firm, especially on a diversified firms. There are two alternative hypotheses which will be proven in this study, the first hypotheses is leverage having a positive significant effect to the value of the firm, and the second hypotheses is the relationship between leverage and the value of the firm is moderated by firm diversification, so that leverage should give a more positive effect to the value of the firm in a diversified firm rather than in a non-diversified firm. Data in this study are a secondary data which taken from Indonesia Stock Exchange. Samples which being used in the study are taken by a purposive sampling method. To analyzed the effect of financial leverage to the value of the firm and to analyzed whether there is a moderation effect of firm diversification on the relationship between financial leverage and the value of the firm, this study is using univariate and multivariate analysis with one-tail t-test and confidence interval between 95% to 99%. The result of the study is proven that leverage is having a positif significant effect to the value of the firm and also proven that diversification is having a moderation effect to relationship between leverage and the value of the firm. Leverage is proven to have more positive effect to the value of the firm in a diversified firm rather than in a non-diversified firm.
Phenotypic transition of microglia into astrocyte-like cells associated with disease onset in a model of inherited ALS

Microglia and reactive astrocytes accumulate in the spinal cord of rats expressing the Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-linked SOD1 G93A mutation. We previously reported that the rapid progression of paralysis in ALS rats is associated with the appearance of proliferative astrocyte-like cells that surround motor neurons. These cells, designated as Aberrant Astrocytes (AbA cells) because of their atypical astrocytic phenotype, exhibit high toxicity to motor neurons. However, the cellular origin of AbA cells remains unknown. Because AbA cells are labeled with the proliferation marker Ki67, we analyzed the phenotypic makers of proliferating glial cells that surround motor neurons by immunohistochemistry. The number of Ki67 +AbA cells sharply increased in symptomatic rats, displaying large cell bodies with processes embracing motor neurons. Most were co-labeled with astrocytic marker GFAP concurrently with the microglial markers Iba1 and CD163. Cultures of spinal cord prepared from symptomatic SOD1 G93A rats yielded large numbers of microglia expressing Iba1, CD11b, and CD68. Cells sorted for CD11b expression by flow cytometry transformed into AbA cells within two weeks. During these two weeks, the expression of microglial markers largely disappeared, while GFAP and S100β expression increased. The phenotypic transition to AbA cells was stimulated by forskolin. These findings provide evidence for a subpopulation of proliferating microglial cells in SOD1 G93A rats that undergo a phenotypic transition into AbA cells after onset of paralysis that may promote the fulminant disease progression. These cells could be a therapeutic target for slowing paralysis progression in ALS.
Real-time power system oscillation monitoring using synchrophasor measurements

Inter-area oscillations impact negatively on power system stability and power transfer capability. Monitoring oscillations in real time can improve control of the power system. Synchrophasor data from Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) provide new options for oscillation monitoring. In this study, an oscillation monitoring method using synchrophasor data from PMUs is presented. The method is verified by power system simulation and its value illustrated by application to data from a practical case study.
Does country-of-origin matter in the relationship between brand personality and purchase intention in emerging economies? Evidence from China's auto industry

Purpose – The purpose of this paper aims to investigate the relationship between brand personality, country‐of‐origin (COO) image and purchase intention. Specifically, it is suggested that COO image exerts both main and interaction impact on purchase intention.Design/methodology/approach – A cross‐city survey of China's auto industry for the Sino‐German Joint Venture's auto brand of Bora was conducted to test hypotheses, predicted on a sample of 1,200 respondents. Another sample for Japan and the Sino‐Japanese Joint Venture's Honda auto brand was used for validation.Findings – Results reveal that both brand personality and COO image exert significant positive main effects on purchase intention. Furthermore, COO image is found to be a positive moderator in the relationship between brand personality and purchase intention. Specifically, a positive COO image could enhance brand personality's positive impact on purchase intention, whereas a negative COO image could significantly decrease the positive brand pe.
Analysis of the Stakeholders' Needs and Their Inference Upon Financial Reports of SMEs

In the context of the international trend to simplify the SMEs’ financial reporting, one may identify a stringent call for the identification and serious analysis of the SMEs’ specific stakeholders and their needs. It appears that these needs are not sufficiently developed at present so that they can play a useful part in the accounting regulators current actions. Hence, the main objective of this paper is to identify the specific needs of SMEs’ stakeholders. In order to achieve this we conducted a content analysis and a processing based on economic analysis methods of the comment letters to ED-IFRS for SMEs. The results of the analysis, in correlation with the stakeholder’s theory - the normative approach - and resource dependence theory were then used for identifying and ranking SMEs’ specific users. Finally, knowing the SMEs’ specific stakeholders and their needs has led to the analysis of their inference upon financial reports. This inference was then differentiated into elements of the conceptual framework, recognition and measurement criteria and respectively the information to be disclosed.
Mechanistic Modeling to Predict Midazolam Metabolite Exposure from In Vitro Data

Methods to predict the pharmacokinetics of drugs in humans from in vitro data have been established, but corresponding methods to predict exposure to circulating metabolites are unproven. The objective of this study was to use in vitro methods combined with static and dynamic physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to predict metabolite exposures, using midazolam and its major metabolites as a test system. Intrinsic clearances (CLint) of formation of individual metabolites were determined using human liver microsomes. Metabolic CLint of hydroxymidazolam metabolites via oxidation and glucuronidation were also determined. Passive diffusion intrinsic clearances of hydroxymidazolam metabolites were determined using sandwich cultured human hepatocytes and the combination of this term along with the metabolic CLint, and liver blood flow was used to estimate the fraction of the metabolite that can enter the systemic circulation after formation in the liver. The metabolite/parent drug area under the plasma concentration-time curve ratio (AUCm/AUCp) was predicted using a static model relating the fraction of midazolam clearance to each metabolite, the clearance rates of midazolam and hydroxymidazolam metabolites, and the availability of the metabolites. Additionally, the human disposition of midazolam metabolites was simulated using a SimCYP PBPK model. Both approaches yielded AUCm/AUCp ratios that were in agreement with the in vivo ratios. This study shows that in vivo midazolam metabolite exposure can be predicted from in vitro data and PBPK modeling. This study emphasized the importance of metabolite systemic availability from its tissue of formation, which remains a challenge to quantitative prediction.
Simulation of AC Loss in Small HTS Coils With Iron Core

AC loss is one of the key problems in HTS applications. This study focuses on the AC loss in small Bi-2223/Ag and YBCO coils, with an emphasis on the presence of an iron core. HTS coils with an iron core can be used in a number of applications, including induction heaters, motors, fault current limiters, controllable reactors and transformers. The major concern of the study is the interaction between the iron core and the HTS coil. This study first provides a brief introduction of the resistivity-adaption algorithm (RAA) method, which is used to simulate the field penetration, based on a given flux motion theory. A general model is then proposed, with a discussion on the effect of the iron core. Results showed that a well-designed iron core is beneficial for the AC loss reduction.
Temporal and spatial heterogeneity of programmed cell death 1-Ligand 1 expression in malignant mesothelioma

ABSTRACT Background: Programmed Cell Death 1-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) and Programmed Death Protein 1 (PD-1) blocking antibodies are promising immunotherapies for malignancies. We have previously shown PD-L1 expression in 40% of malignant mesothelioma (MM); however, the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of its expression has not been thoroughly studied. We compared PD-L1 expression between paired primary and metastatic MM. Design: Pathology files (1995–2016) were searched for MM with tissue from multiple sites and/or time points. PD-L1 (clone SP263) expression was reviewed by 2 authors. Mesothelioma cell lines (H2461, One 58, EM-MESO) were cultured with or without vinorelbine or pemetrexed. Following incubation, PD-L1 expression (clone MIH1) was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: 64 patients (53 men, median age, 64 years) with epithelioid (N = 50), biphasic (N = 11) or sarcomatoid (N = 2) MM or well differentiated papillary mesothelioma (N = 1) (pleural, n = 56; peritoneal, n = 8) were included. Patients had a subsequent specimen from the primary site (n = 48), from a metastasis (n = 6), or both (n = 10). Reviewers agreed on PD-L1 expression in 133 of 151 (88%) specimens. There was agreement of PD-L1 expression between paired primary lesions obtained at separate time points in 47 of 58 (81%) and between paired primary and metastatic lesions in 11 of 16 (69%) cases. A significant increase in PD-L1 expression was observed in all 3 MM cell lines (p < 0.003 each) following exposure to vinorelbine but not to pemetrexed. Conclusion: Overall there is good agreement in PD-L1 expression between paired MM lesions; however, the 19–31% of cases with discordant PD-L1 expression, and the dynamics of PD-L1 expression may limit its use as a predictive biomarker for therapy.
Corporations and the Public Interest: Guiding the Invisible Hand

Private enterprise is rapidly taking hold as the world's dominant economic paradigm, but business scandals, environmental degradation, and rampant poverty are stark reminders that business alone - unregulated and unsupervised - will not solve the world's problems. Using a unique market-based approach and a socially inclusive definition of wealth, Corporations and the Public Interest offers a refreshing new system for assessing corporations' real commitment to the public. Steven Lydenberg's plan includes strategies for steering companies in socially responsible directions and imposing costs on those that neglect their responsibilities to the community.
Variation in incidence of serious adverse events after onchocerciasis treatment with ivermectin in areas of Cameroon co‐endemic for loiasis

Summary Objective To determine the incidence of serious adverse events (SAEs) after mass treatment with ivermectin in areas co‐endemic for loiasis and onchocerciasis, and to identify potential risk factors associated with the development of these SAEs, in particular encephalopathic SAEs.
[Analysis of predominant bacteria of burn infection and their resistance to antibiotics in recent years].

OBJECTIVE To analyze the strains of bacteria in burn infection and their resistance to antibiotics in our burn unit in the recent years. METHODS Bacteria were isolated from specimens from the wounds, venous lines, blood, urine and feces of the hospitalized burn patients from January 2003 to December 2005 to analyze the vicissitude of bacteria and their drug resistance. RESULTS The number of Gram-negative bacteria (372 strains) was larger than Gram-positive ones (292 strains). Staphylococcus aureus (accounting for 16.7%) was predominant among Gram-positive bacteria, among which methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) accounted for 82.5%. Among the Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for 12.5%, and Escherichia coli accounted for 11.1%. The drug resistant ESPL-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for 60.8% and 42.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION Drug resistance to antibiotics is a serious problem in a burn unit, calling for monitoring the vicissitude of bacteria strains and antibiotics sensitivity in order to control bacterial infection and dissemination.
Toxicity and early outcomes of regorafenib in multiply pre-treated metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma-experience from a tertiary cancer centre in India.

BACKGROUND Regorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor (MKI) approved for use in multiply pre-treated metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRC). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of regorafenib from India. MATERIALS AND METHODS Records of 23 cases treated with regorafenib at our centre between June 2013 till September 2015 were reviewed. All had received at least two non cross resistant lines of therapy prior to regorafenib. Toxicity was recorded using CTCAE version 4.03. Responses were assessed using RECIST 1.1 criteria. Response evaluation was done every three months or earlier if clinically indicated. Five patients were still on therapy at the time of this report. RESULTS The median age was 50 years. Thirty-nine percent (9/23) had upfront metastatic disease. Twenty-six percent (6/23) and 39% (9/23) patients had received prior treatment with cetuximab and bevacizumab respectively. Mean duration of regorafenib treatment was 3.8 months. At least one grade III/IV toxicity was noted in 65% (15/23) cases. The most common were handfoot syndrome (HFS) and fatigue seen in 86.9% (20/23) patients. Grade II and III HFS was seen in 65% patients. One patient required stoppage of treatment due to grade III hepatotoxicity. Dose reduction was required for 86.9% (20/23) patients. Best response noted was stable disease in 34.8% (8/23), partial response in 8.7% (2/23) patients and progression in 56.5% (13/23). Median progression free survival was 3 months and median follow-up was 4.5 months. CONCLUSIONS Regorafenib, although an effective treatment strategy in multiply pre-treated mCRC, is associated with significant side effects.
Earnings quality in privately held firms : the roles of external audits, stakeholders, and governance mechanisms

While the extant empirical literature on earnings management focuses on incentives, constraints and consequences in US listed companies, we present results on nonlisted companies that operate in a continental European environment (Belgium); and we consider not just the effects of internal mechanisms and external auditing but also of stakeholder relations. Methodologically, special care is taken of an errors-in-variables problem induced by a two-step procedure. We find clear evidence that earnings are managed (downward) for tax purposes, but also that relationships with banks and suppliers act as a restraining factor in this field. Another factor of moderation of downward manipUlation appears to be a large board. Employee power does not seem to affect accruals management. Lastly, in our sample, audit quality does not exhibit any statistically clear relation with the auditor's visibility (for instance, big-N or not).
Factors responsible for the introduction and spread of Campylobacter jejuni infection in commercial poultry production

Campylobacter jejuni and related thermophilic campylobacters were not found in a hatchery or in chicks aged less than seven days. However, an increasing proportion of chicks aged two weeks and older shed campylobacters in their droppings. It was shown that a likely source of C jejuni for young chicks was the environment in the immediate vicinity of the rearing houses, and that infection could readily be introduced on the footwear and clothing of farm staff. Thermophilic campylobacters were found in the air, litter and drinking water containers in the rearing and finishing houses.
The Performance of Village Markets for Agricultural Produce.A Case Study of Pakistan

The role of marketing in the allocation of resources within the agricultural sector is an important one. This role consists in translating the market demand for various agricultural crops into profit incentives for the farmers. The marketing system that does not adequately perform the task of transmitting the profit signals from the consumers to the producers results in misallocation of resources and less than optimal application of inputs in the production of agricultural crops.
Evaluation of Training Programs in St. Gallen, Switzerland

This study evaluates the short-run employment effects of general basic courses, German language courses, and computer courses which were held for unemployed persons in the Swiss canton St. Gallen between January and April 1998. It is based on administrative data provided by the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs for the time period between January 1996 to September 1998. To account for a possible selection bias a matching algorithm combined with a matched-sample regression was applied. It is found that, of the training courses evaluated, only German language courses could significantly improve the participants' labor-market chances.
Management : leading & collaborating in a competitive world

Part 1 Foundations of Management 1 Managing Appendix A The Evolution of Management 2 The External Environment and Organizational Culture 3 Managerial Decision Making Part 2 Planning: Delivering Strategic Value 4 Planning and Strategic Management 5 Ethics and Corporate Responsibility Appendix B The Caux Round Table Principles of Ethics Appendix C Managing in Our Natural Environment 6 International Management 7 Entrepreneurship Appendix D Information for Entrepreneurs Part 3 Organizing: Building a Dynamic Organization 8 Organization Structure 9 Organizational Agility 10 Human Resources Management 11 Managing the Diverse Workforce Part 4 Leading: Mobilizing People 12 Leadership 13 Motivating for Performance 14 Teamwork 15 Communicating Part 5 Controlling: Learning and Changing 16 Managerial Control 17 Managing Technology and Innovation Appendix E Operations Management in the New Economy 18 Creating and Managing Change Glossary Notes Photo Credits Name Index Subject Index
Banks' Restructuring and Smooth Deleveraging of the Private Sector in Slovenia

Slovenia is facing the legacy of a boom-bust cycle that has been compounded by weak corporate governance of state-owned banks. The levels of non-performing loans and capital adequacy ratios compare poorly in international perspective and may deteriorate further, which could require significant bank recapitalisation. Updated bottom-up (i.e. loan by loan) stress tests are needed to evaluate the extent of the problems, as the situation has deteriorated rapidly since a similar exercise was done for the two main stateowned banks in mid-2012. To foster the credibility of the new tests, the main results and underlying assumptions should be made public. The creation of the Bank Asset Management Company (BAMC) should allow recognition of problems by ring-fencing impaired assets, which would create conditions for an orderly resolution of non-viable banks and a rapid privatisation of viable banks. To that end, the process of asset transfer and their management has to be transparent and isolated from political influences by ensuring full independence of the BAMC. To achieve smooth deleveraging of the non-financial sector, viable but distressed enterprises should be restructured while insolvent firms should be swiftly liquidated. The main challenge is to improve inefficient insolvency procedures that are too long and result in low recovery rates. Development of equity markets can also facilitate smoother corporate deleveraging by facilitating equity raising through privatisation and entry of foreign investors. Finally, to prevent future crises, banking supervision should be enhanced further. This Working Paper relates to the 2013 OECD Economic Review of Slovenia (http://www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/slovenia-2013.htm).
Region‐Specific loss of α1‐adrenergic receptors in rat brain with aging: A quantitative autoradiographic study

The effects of aging on the density and affinity of α1‐adrenergic receptors (α1‐ARs) were studied in several circumscribed areas of the Fischer 344 male rat brain. Computer‐assisted quantitative autoradiography was used to analyze saturation binding isotherms of [125I]BE‐2254, a selective α1‐AR antagonist. Significant decreases in receptor density of 15 and 29% were observed in the thalamus at 16–18 and 24–28 months of age, respectively, when compared to 3–4 month‐old controls. Progressive declines in receptor density of 24 and 44% were also found in the olfactory tubercle. In the cerebral cortex, a significant 26% loss in receptors occured only in the oldest age group. No changes were found in any of the other brain areas investigated, including the cerebellum, brainstem, caudate‐putamen, and several subregional areas of the hippocampal formation. Kd values ranged from 12 ± 1.8 pM in the brainstem to 23 ± 1.6 pM in the thalamus and were not affected by aging in any area examined. It is concluded that the density of α1‐ARs in the Fischer 344 rat brain is diminished with aging in a region‐specific manner and that loss of these receptors may account for age‐related functional deficits only in a few brain areas.