Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Spiritual Well-being and Quality of Life and Optimism on the Staff of Arak University of Medical Sciences

piritual well-being is one of the four dimensions of human health, in addition to somatic, psychological, and social causes. It promotes general health and coordinates other aspects of health that will increase the compatibility and functionality of psychological well-being (1). And it is also determined by features such as stability of life, peace of mind, sense of having better relations with self, God, society, and environment, along with balance and harmony of purposes in life (2). Religion and spirituality are considered as important sources to confront the stressful life (3). To dispense with spiritual well-being, the other dimensions of biological, psychological and social causes of human health cannot function properly or reach their maximum capacity. Hence, the highest level of quality of life cannot be achieved (1). Spiritual health is one of the factors affecting the quality of life (4). Reviewing the quality of life and its advancement plays a key role in social and personal life as well as general health (5). Quality of life is related to one's mental perception of well-being and satisfaction with life. The goal of promotion and maintaining good health is the quality of life (6). Piraste Motlagh et al. showed that there was a positive significant relationship between spirituality and S Abstract
A cross sectional study to assess the satisfaction level among people living with HIV/AIDS in a hilly state of northern India

Patient’s satisfaction is the patient’s perception of care received compared with the care expected by them. Its measurement helps in understanding patient’s experiences of health care, identifying their problems and evaluation of health care. If patient satisfaction increases, it leads to increase patient retention and decreases medical malpractice claims. Furthermore, a satisfied patient is more likely to develop a longer lasting rapport with their health care provider, leading to better compliance and continuity of care. Dissatisfied patients may have worse outcomes as they may not follow the required treatment plans.
Tourism destination brand Dimensions: An exploratory approach

Recently, researchers have suggested using destination branding as a powerful marketing tool. Despite its apparent value, there appears to be little applied research on this subject that goes beyond the conventional destination brand image, especially regarding research that combines different brand equity dimensions. This study is designed to address this gap, using the islands of Madeira as a unit of research. For this purpose, a survey was undertaken of 321 tourists, in seven hotels at this destination. Respondents were requested to rate the factors for awareness, image, perceived quality, and loyalty, in a method consistent with the brand equity model, using descriptive analyses and a confirmatory factor analysis. The results show that these four dimensions are relevant for the composition of destination brand equity. Even though image shows the greatest impact, the outcome establishes the need to look beyond brand image.
Efficacy of different herbicides against weed flora in Onion (Allium cepa. Lindeman)

Onion is one of the most important vegetable crops in India for thousand of year. It is mainly used for cuisine and culinary purpose, it also relished in from with meals as salad. Onion is earning valuable foreign exchange for the country (Ray et. al. 1980). Onion is the second only to tomato in their importance as a vegetable in the tropics. Onion (Allium cepa L.) belonging to family Alliaceae. India is next to China in area and production of onion. Among the different states Maharashtra is leading state in terms of area (26.74%) and production (28.44%) with an average -1 yield of 13.94 tonnes ha . Other major onion growing states are Gujarat, Karnataka, Orissa, Utter Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan. The yield level of onion is very poor in the state of Madhya Pradesh. The reason for low productivity could be ascribed to a number of factors which can be related to production. Due to frequent irrigation, providing congenial condition for weed growth. Weed problem in onion is very serious. High reduction in bulb yield of onion was observed due to weeds infection. Hand weeding is a common method of weed control adopted by farmers but comparatively this method is costly and time consuming. This problem assumes added significance due to non–availability of adequate labours during peak period of operation. Whereas, post – emergence herbicides kill weeds and keep the hardy weeds under control by arresting their growth through various kinds of deformities in foliage and growing point.
Biodecolourisation of Acid Red 27 Dye by Citrobacter freundii A1 and Enterococcus casseliflavus bacterial consortium

The feasibility of Citrobacter freundii A1 and Enterococcus casseliflavus C1 bacterial consortium under sequential facultative anaerobic-aerobic treatment for complete dye degradation using AR-27 dyes shows 98% decolourisation and 100% COD removal after 72 hours treatment. Moreover, the UV-Vis spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopic analysis confirmed that the azo linkage was cleaved after the decolourisation occurred. While, the cyclic voltammetry analysis also shows that the decolourisation of AR-27 by C. Freundii A1 and E. Casseliflavus C1 was an irreversible reaction and the detection of oxidation reaction under agitation proved the presences of AR-27 degradation process. Furthermore, the HPLC analysis has confirmed the AR-27 degradation through the decrease in catechol concentration.
Perturbation of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck stationary distributions: expansion and simulation

We consider a multidimensional stochastic differential equation Y written as a drift-perturbation of an ergodic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process X. Under the condition of time-reversibility of X, we derive a first and second order expansion of the stationary distribution µ^Y of Y in terms of X. Error estimates are established. These approximations are then turned into a simulation scheme for sampling approximately according to µ Y. Numerical experiments support the theoretical error estimates.
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of the Liberal Arts READING BETWEEN THE LINES OF THE FACE: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MENTALIZING AND FACE MEMORY A Thesis in Psychology by

Of the many meanings communicated by a face, decoding what a person is thinking and remembering a person‘s facial identity are two essential processes for smooth social interactions. This thesis examines the relationship between decoding a person's mental state based on facial cues and the ability to remember that person's face. To examine this relationship, I first tested whether differences in the extent to which faces elicit mental state reasoning are associated with corresponding improvements in face memory. I predicted that the more a face elicited more complex mental state reasoning, the better it would be remembered. Additionally, I predicted that the better participants were at decoding mental states from others, the better they would also remember new faces in a separate memory test. Study 1 supported both of these hypotheses. Secondly, I examined whether face memory mediates the common ingroup bias found in face memory. Ingroup bias is defined as better memory for faces one perceives as belonging to their own group. I observed mixed evidence in support of this. Surprisingly, this study failed to replicate an ingroup bias in face memory using the surprise memory test. However, when I used a memory test in which participants were explicitly told to remember faces for a subsequent memory test, I then replicated the own-group bias and found a trend toward mentalizing as a mediator of this relationship. This incidental finding suggests that the own-race bias is in some ways a distinct phenomenon compared to the more general own-group bias, and explanations for how this may be the case are discussed.
Soil fertility concepts over the past two centuries: the importance attributed to soil organic matter in developed and developing countries

The theories about plant nutrition and soil fertility varied widely from the antiquity to the middle of the nineteenth century, with major (Thaer A. 1809. Grundsätze der rationellen Landwirtschaft (1809–1812). Berlin (Germany): Realschulbuch Ed.) or minor (Liebig J. 1840. Die organische Chemie in ihrer Anwendung auf Agrikultur und Physiologie. Braunschweig (Germany): Vieweg) importance attributed to soil humus or soil organic matter (SOM). The importance assigned to humus over the past two centuries will be developed in this historical paper. Intensification of agriculture in the twentieth century permitted an important increase in cultivated plant yield of food, fiber, wood, and biofuel production, not only in the northern countries, but also in some southern countries (e.g., India and China) with the emergence of the Green Revolution. However, the question of organic restitutions and the maintenance (or increase) of the SOM stock was, at times, not taken into consideration; consequently, there was a general decrease in SOM stock for many tropical soils. It is now widely accepted by scientists that SOM depletion is one of the major factors leading to degradation of ecosystem services and loss of ecosystem resilience: new alternatives are now necessary for the maintenance and/or increase in plant productivity and production of environmental services by agriculture. Therefore, this paper will also present some recent research in different tropical countries with a focus on agroecological management of tropical soils.
THE SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF ECONOMIC INEQUALITY Evidence from Portugal

This article uses data from the 1994-2001 waves of the European Union Household Panel to investigate the socioeconomic determinants of economic inequality. the paper focuses on Portugal, a country with the largest inequality levels among EU countries, to report relevant facts on the distributions of income, labour earnings, and capital income. the paper shows how these distributions are related to family characteristics such as age, education, marital status and employment status. a generalized ordered Probit model is used to investigate how and to what extent the households’ socioeconomic attributes determine their economic status and their mobility along the distributions. the article concludes that education is by and large the dimension more closely related to inequality.
Influence of graphite nanosheets on the structure and properties of PVC‐based nanocomposites

Polyvinyl chloride- (PVC)- based nanocomposites, containing graphite nanosheets (G), which may be used as electromagnetic wave absorbers was developed and investigated. The microstructure of polyvinyl chloride/graphite nanocomposites (PVC/G) were examined by means of X -ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal gravimetric analyses (TGA). SEM image reveals that the graphite nanosheets were well dispersed in the PVC matrix without agglomeration. Thermal stability of the PVC/G nanocomposites is improved as a result of inclusion of graphite nanosheets. The PVC/G nanocomposites were characterized to investigate the effect of dispersion of graphite nanosheets in PVC matrix. The dielectric spectroscopy of PVC/G nanocomposites in frequency range from 1 to 12 GHz has been performed. The results show that PVC/G nanocomposites exhibit high dielectric constant at the measured frequencies. Coefficient of attenuation and coefficient of reflection of PVC/G composites have been also examined in a frequency range from 1 to 12 GHz. The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI) depends on graphite volume fraction in the composite. The results show that the PVC/G represents a new class of conducting lightweight nanomaterial that can absorb electromagnetic waves at microwave frequency and may be promising for future commercial use. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Family dynamics and substance use in young adulthood

Jonathan White FAMILY DYNAMICS AND SUBSTANCE USE IN YOUNG ADULTHOOD 2006/2007 Drs. Epifanio and Dihoff Master of Arts in School Psychology An investigation was conducted examining the relationship between memories of family dynamics during the participants' adolescent years and substance use during their young adulthood. To carry out this research, a sample of 118 participants (72 women and 46 men) was recruited from a small public university in southern New Jersey. Participants were required to fill-out surveys assessing their memories of their families' patterns of interpersonal interactions and substance use. The statistical analysis of the data collected through the experimental procedures revealed several significant finings. Specifically, significant negative correlations were found between quality or frequency of health family dynamics and substance use. The findings are discussed in the context of the research presented in the review of literature. Finally, the limitations of the study and directions for future research are discussed. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to dedicate this to my family and friends who have been there to support my through this process. Further, I would like to thank Dr. Susan Field for challenging me to learn the theory and practice of experimental psychology. If it was not for her steadfastness and encouragement I may not have ever made it to this point. Finally, I want to mention Lucy for being by my side the entire way. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements
Missing the safety net: evidence for inconsistent and insufficient management of at-risk marine fishes in Canada

Marine conservation is often perceived as being in conflict with fisheries management. In Canada, at-risk marine fishes denied listing under the Species at Risk Act (SARA) are meant to receive comparable measures under the Fisheries Act. We assess the effectiveness of these Acts by examining (i) how long it takes a marine fish assessed as being at risk to move through the process and receive conservation measures, (ii) whether there are biases against marine fishes in the SARA process additional to the known listing bias, and (iii) when denied listing, to what extent these species are protected by the Fisheries Act. Overall, at-risk marine fishes typically spend 3.25 years under consideration for SARA, during which time they receive no additional protection. Endangered and Threatened marine fishes (i.e., those most at risk) face the greatest bias and receive the least protection; their SARA decisions are typically delayed, with almost 5 years usually passing between their COSEWIC (Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada) assessment and listing decision; most (70.6%) are then denied listing, after which the Fisheries Act provides few of the SARA-required measures. For SARA-listed marine fishes, recovery strategies are usually late and to date no action plans have been produced. Marine fish conservation is hindered by SARA's slow pace, incomplete recovery measures, and inadequate implementation of the Fisheries Act. We provide recommendations for improving conservation of at-risk marine fishes in Canada.
Screening of Olive Cultivars for Tolerance to Fusicladium Oleagineum in South Africa

This study evaluated commercial olive cultivars for resistance to olive leaf spot (OLS). A growth chamber trial was undertaken with one temperature treatment (16°C) applied during inoculation while a relative humidity (RH) of above 80% was maintained. Plants were kept for 48 hours at 99% RH after inoculation and then moved to shade netted area for disease development at a temperature of 25±5°C. The results were used for categorizing the eight olive cultivars evaluated in this study according to their OLS susceptibility. „Frantoio‟ was categorized as most tolerant; „Nandi‟ and „Leccino‟ were found to be moderately tolerant, and „Nocellara del Belice‟ fairly tolerant. „Coratina‟ was found to be the most susceptible cultivar; Barouni was found to be moderately susceptible, and „Mission‟ and „Manzanilla de Seville‟ were found to be fairly susceptible. The findings provide a basis for preliminary recommendations of OLS tolerant cultivars and selections for commercial olive production.
The effects of inspiratory muscle training in older adults.

PURPOSE Declining inspiratory muscle function and structure and systemic low-level inflammation and oxidative stress may contribute to morbidity and mortality during normal ageing. Therefore, we examined the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in older adults on inspiratory muscle function and structure and systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, and reexamined the reported positive effects of IMT on respiratory muscle strength, inspiratory muscle endurance, spirometry, exercise performance, physical activity levels (PAL), and quality of life (QoL). METHODS Thirty-four healthy older adults (68 ± 3 yr) with normal spirometry, respiratory muscle strength, and physical fitness were divided equally into a pressure-threshold IMT or sham-hypoxic placebo group. Before and after an 8-wk intervention, measurements were taken for dynamic inspiratory muscle function and inspiratory muscle endurance using a weighted plunger pressure-threshold loading device; diaphragm thickness by using B-mode ultrasonography; plasma cytokine concentrations by using immunoassays; DNA damage levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by using comet assays; spirometry, maximal mouth pressures, and exercise performance by using a 6-min walk test; PAL by using a questionnaire and accelerometry; and QoL using a questionnaire. RESULTS Compared with placebo, IMT increased maximal inspiratory pressure (+34% ± 43%, P = 0.008), diaphragm thickness at residual volume (+38% ± 39%, P = 0.03), and peak inspiratory flow (+35% ± 42%, P = 0.049) but did not change other spirometry measures, plasma cytokine concentrations, DNA damage levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, dynamic inspiratory muscle function, inspiratory muscle endurance, exercise performance, PAL, or QoL. CONCLUSION These novel data indicate that in healthy older adults, IMT elicits some positive changes in inspiratory muscle function and structure but neither attenuates systemic inflammation and oxidative stress nor improves exercise performance, PAL, or QoL.
THE EFFECT OF CREATINE SUPPLEMENTS ON SPRINTING PERFORMANCE OF MALE BEGINNER ATHLETES

Nutritional aids are getting the preferences of many athletes. It is part of actions that are taken by athletes around the world to enhance their performance. Many studies conducted on creatine supplements used elite athletes as a subject. It’s effect on the performance of male beginner athletes was untouched. In the present study, the effects of creatine supplements on sprinting performance of male beginner athletes were studied. Twenty male beginner athletes (EG, N=10) and (CG, N= 10) participated in resistance training for three months (3 days per week for 45 minutes). In a double blind placebo controlled study, the EG consumed 5 grams of creatine monohydrate every training session, while the CG used water. After 12 weeks of training and supplementation, the EG improved better in sprinting. In body weight, the CG increased by 2% and the EG increased by 6%. 3% and 6% enhancement in BMI were shown for the CG and EG, respectively. In girth measurements the EG improved better in muscle size. Upper arm circumferences were increased by 3% and 9% by CG and EG, respectively. In chest circumference, CG and EG showed 4% and 12% improvement, respectively. 2% and 6% improvements were observed in thigh circumference for CG and EG, respectively. The performance of the EG was boosted in 100m and 200m sprinting. The CG decreased the sprinting time by 3% while the EG reduced it by 10%. In 200m sprinting, the CG and EG showed 5% and 12% enhancement of sprinting speed, respectively. These results indicated that long-term creatine supplementation combined with resistance training promoted muscle mass and enhanced sprinting performance of male beginner athletes.
I M ] 2 F eb 2 01 0 A Study of the Effect of Molecular and Aerosol Conditions in the Atmosphere on Air Fluorescence Measurements at the Pierre Auger Observatory The Pierre Auger Collaboration

The air fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory is designed to perform calorimetric measurements of extensive air showers created by cosmic rays of above 10 eV. To correct these measurements for the effects introduced by atmospheric fluctuations, the Observatory contains a group of monitoring instruments to record atmospheric conditions across the detector site, an area exceeding 3,000 km. The atmospheric data are used extensively in the reconstruction of air showers, and are particularly important for the correct determination of shower energies and the depths of shower maxima. This paper contains a summary of the molecular and aerosol conditions measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory since the start of regular operations in 2004, and includes a discussion of the impact of these measurements on air shower reconstructions. Between 10 and 10 eV, the systematic uncertainties due to all atmospheric effects increase from 4% to 8% in measurements of shower energy, and 4 g cm to 8 g cm in measurements of the shower maximum.
Common Auditors in M&A Transactions

We examine merger and acquisition (M&A) transactions in which the acquirer and the target share a common auditor. We predict that a common auditor can help merging firms reduce uncertainty throughout the acquisition process, which allows managers to more efficiently allocate their capital, resulting in higher quality M&As. Consistent with our prediction, we find that deals with common auditors have higher acquisition announcement returns than do non-common-auditor deals. Further, we find that the common-auditor effect is more pronounced for deals with greater pre-acquisition uncertainty and deals involving acquirers and targets that are audited by the same local office of the common auditor. We also find that there is an increased probability of an M&A for firms with a common auditor. Collectively, our evidence suggests that common auditors act as information intermediaries for merging firms, resulting in higher quality acquisitions.
The Discovery and Excavation of a Human Burial from the Mini-athiliya Shell Midden in Southern Sri Lanka

Several shell middens of coastal Sri Lanka indicate human occupation in the mid-Holocene and are recognized as being of prime importance in the archaeological narrative of the island. A salvage archaeology operation conducted at the Mini-athiliya shell midden in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka, yielded ancient human remains associated with stone implements and culturally modified faunal remains. The main objective of this rescue operation was to mitigate the destruction to this archaeological site. We report the excavation strategy and dating of this mid-Holocene shell midden, while focusing on the discovery and extraction of a complete human burial that had not been disturbed by the shell mining activity at the site. This excavation is intended to serve as a precursor to systematic investigation of the coastal shell middens of southern Sri Lanka.