Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global Properties of X-Ray Flashes and X-Ray-Rich Gamma-Ray Bursts Observed by Swift

We describe and discuss the spectral and temporal characteristics of the prompt emission and X-ray afterglow emission of X-ray flashes (XRFs) and X-ray-rich gamma-ray bursts (XRRs) detected and observed by Swift between 2004 December and 2006 September. We compare these characteristics to a sample of conventional classical gamma-ray bursts (C-GRBs) observed during the same period. We confirm the correlation between Epeakobs and fluence noted by others and find further evidence that XRFs, XRRs, and C-GRBs form a continuum. We also confirm that our known redshift sample is consistent with the correlation between the peak energy in the GRB rest frame (Epeaksrc) and the isotropic radiated energy (Eiso), the so-called Epeaksrc-Eiso relation. The spectral properties of X-ray afterglows of XRFs and C-GRBs are similar, but the temporal properties of XRFs and C-GRBs are quite different. We found that the light curves of C-GRB afterglows show a break to steeper indices (shallow-to-steep break) at much earlier times than do XRF afterglows. Moreover, the overall luminosity of XRF X-ray afterglows is systematically smaller by a factor of 2 or more compared to that of C-GRBs. These distinct differences between the X-ray afterglows of XRFs and C-GRBs may be the key to understanding not only the mysterious shallow-to-steep break in X-ray afterglow light curves, but also the unique nature of XRFs.
REVALIDATION OF SOME MEASURES OF PSYCHOLOGICALWELLBEING USING A CROSS-SECTION OF NIGERIAN ADULTS

This study was conducted to establish initial validity and reliability of some measures of psychological wellbeing for use in Nigeria. Two hundred and five adult Nigerians were randomly selected from a community in Ota, Ogun State using a multi stage sampling method which culminated in odd and even number method of simple random sampling for participants’ selection. The participants were aged between 17 and 80 years ( X =29.22, SD=11.93). A battery of the short forms of six psychological wellbeing instruments in a paper was administers, viz: Personal Growth Initiative Scale (PGIS), Gratitude Questionnaire – 6 (GQ-6), Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MILQ), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), and Worry Domain Questionnaire Short Form (WDQ-SF). A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted with adequate measures of Kaiser-Meyer-Okin and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity for each of the instrument and results showed factorial validity of each instrument based on its factor loadings and consistent with literature. A correlation coefficient revealed the Cronbach alpha to be as follows for the instruments: PGIS = . 840; GQ- 6 = . 316; MILQ = . 825; SWLS = . 718; LOT-R = . 391; WDQ =. 815. Each instrument showed initial validity for possible - use in Nigeria.
Interfacial microstructures of rf-sputtered TiNi shape memory alloy thin films on (100) silicon

Abstract Interfacial microstructures of TiNi thin films rf sputtered on to Si(100) and post-annealed at 400–700°C for 30mins have been investigated using analytical and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. For annealing temperatures below 600°C, a very thin amorphous (Si, O)-rich layer is observed at the interface. Ni atoms are the primary diffusing species and NiSi2 forms triangularly and epitaxially towards the Si substrate. TiNi films initially crystallize after 30 min at 500°C. Si and Ti atoms begin to migrate in specimens annealed at 600°C for 30min. At this temperature, a near-Ti4Ni4Si7 phase in triangular NiSi2 and a near-TiNiSi phase in the TiNi film are simultaneously nucleated and grown at the interface. For the specimens annealed at 700°C for 30 min, two layers of Ti4Ni4Si7 and TiNiSi form at the interface with the sequence TiNi/TiNiSi/Ti4Ni4Si7/Si. Triangular NiSi2 islands are now embedded in the Ti4Ni4Si7 layer. A mechanism of interfacial microstructure evolution is proposed to explain the temperature effect on the interfacial reaction layers between the TiNi film and the Si(100).
Validity of Seven Syntactic Analyses Performed by the Computerized Profiling Software

VALIDITY OF SEVEN SYNTACTIC ANALYSES PERFORMED BY THE COMPUTERIZED PROFILING SOFTWARE Stacy Lynn Minch Department of Communication Disorders Master of Science The Computerized Profiling (CP) software extracts several quantitative measures from a transcribed sample of a client's language. These analyses include the Mean Length of Utterance in Words (MLU-W) and in Morphemes (MLU-M), the Mean Syntactic Length (MSL), the Syntactic Complexity Score (SCS), Developmental Sentence Scoring (DSS), the Index of Productive Syntax (IPSyn), and the Picture-Elicited Screening Procedure for LARSP (PSL). The validity of these measures was examined by comparing them to the number of finite nominal, adverbial, and relative clauses contained in samples from 54 first-, 48 third-, and 48 fifth-grade students and 24 young adults. The DSS and SCS correlated highly with the frequency of complex constructions; MLU-W, MLU-M, and MSL correlated moderately; and IPSyn and PSL correlated minimally at best.
INFANTS AND TODDLER SLEEPING ARRANGEMENTS AMONG CHINESE AND MALAY FAMILIES

The main objective of this study was focused on cultural diversities among Chinese and Malay families (50 each participating) relating to sleeping arrangements for their infants and toddlers, such as sleeping locations, bedtime routine and nighttime feeding practices. One hundred Chinese and Malay two-parent families, residing around the city of Malacca, Malaysia participated in this study. A modified questionnaire was used for collecting data for investigation. Descriptive analysis was conducted to analyze the data. Results indicated that Chinese and Malay families were different in child-rearing practices in general and sleeping arrangements in particular. Both Chinese and Malay families practiced different bedtime routine, provided different type of nighttime feedings and arranged different sleeping location for their infants and toddlers.
Tribological effects of nano-based engine oil diluted with biodiesel fuel

The aim of this study was to investigate the tribological effects of nano-based engine oil diluted with biodiesel fuel. The nano-oil was prepared by disperse an optimal composition 0.5 vol.% of 70 nm hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanoparticles in diesel engine oil using sonication technique. Sample was diluted by difference percentages of B100 biodiesel fuel in range of 5-20 vol.%. The tribological test was performed using a four-ball tribometer. It was found that the addition of biodiesel fuel increases the coefficient of friction (COF) and seizure wears as compared with nano-oil. However, there is no significant effect on the extreme pressure (EP) properties, where the seizure for all tested samples starts to occur at 981 N.
Distribution laws for integrable eigenfunctions

We determine the asymptotics of the joint eigenfunctions of the torus action on a toric Kahler variety. Such varieties are models of completely integrable systems in complex geometry. We first determine the pointwise asymptotics of the eigenfunctions, which show that they behave like Gaussians centered at the corresponding classical torus. We then show that there is a universal Gaussian scaling limit of the distribution function near its center. We also determine the limit distribution for the tails of the eigenfunctions on large length scales. These are not universal but depend on the global geometry of the toric variety and in particular on the details of the exponential decay of the eigenfunctions away from the classically allowed set.
PARALLEL COMPUTATION FOR FLUID-STRUCTURE THERMAL INTERACTIONSWITH MULTIPHASE MODELING

This paper presents a computational method to predict gas-liquid-solid multiphase phenomena. In addition to the mechanical interactions between the different phases, their thermal interactions are taken into account in the present multiphase modeling. The phase- averaged governing equations, including the energy equation to predict temperature distribu- tions, are discretized with a finite volume method and calculated with the numerically stable and accurate algorithms. The numerical procedures are parallelized with flat MPI so that it can be executed on recent large-scale distributed memory systems. It was applied to basic engineering problems and its validity was discussed.
Use of chitosan in surface modification of textile materials

Textiles have long undergone surface modification to improve their softness, dyeability, absorbance, and wettability. Recent advances in textile chemistry have also approached textile surface modification to impart antimicrobial activity, decreased skin irritation, and even enhancing fragrance. Chitosan is an effective natural antimicrobial agent derived from Chitin, a major component in crustacean shells. Chitosan applied to textiles has been widely studied for effects such as shrink resistance, improved dye uptake, and as auxiliary or anti-static agents, etc., because of the low toxicity and good biocompatibility of this natural polymer. Coatings of Chitosan on conventional fibres appear to be the more realistic prospect since, they do not provoke an immunological response. In this article, I summarize some of the most recent development in surface modification of textile using chitosan
Incremental Scene Synthesis

We present a method to incrementally generate complete 2D or 3D scenes with the following properties: (a) it is globally consistent at each step according to a learned scene prior, (b) real observations of a scene can be incorporated while observing global consistency, (c) unobserved regions can be hallucinated locally in consistence with previous observations, hallucinations and global priors, and (d) hallucinations are statistical in nature, i.e., different scenes can be generated from the same observations. To achieve this, we model the virtual scene, where an active agent at each step can either perceive an observed part of the scene or generate a local hallucination. The latter can be interpreted as the agent's expectation at this step through the scene and can be applied to autonomous navigation. In the limit of observing real data at each point, our method converges to solving the SLAM problem. It can otherwise sample entirely imagined scenes from prior distributions. Besides autonomous agents, applications include problems where large data is required for building robust real-world applications, but few samples are available. We demonstrate efficacy on various 2D as well as 3D data.
The Influence of Personality on Career Success: An Empirical Study

This thesis studies the relation between the “Big Five” personality traits (openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism) and career success. Career success is divided into income and job satisfaction to be able to study the differences in the relation of these two types of career success. Cross-sectional data of the Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social sciences panel (LISS) is used to investigate the possible relation between personality and career success. Results obtained from 1940 Dutch workers reveal that conscientious, extraverted, calm and disagreeable workers report to have higher incomes. Furthermore, it is shown that conscientious, agreeable and calm workers report to have higher job satisfaction. It is found that demography-related, human capital related and profession related variables are associated with income and job satisfaction. Additionally, women are found to have higher incomes than men for equal levels of the traits openness to experience and neuroticism
TRACE POLYNOMIAL FOR TWO GENERATOR SUBGROUPS OF SL(2, Q

If G is a group generated by two 2x2 matrices A and B having determinant +1, with entries from the complex field C, it is known that the trace of any word in A and B, W(A, B) is a polynomial with integral coefficients in the three variables: x = traced), >> = trace(fi), z — tracers), defined as trace W(A, B) = P(x,y, z), where P is determined uniquely by the conjugacy class of W(A, B). The actual computation of this trace polynomial is not easily obtained. It is the purpose of this paper to derive an explicit formula for this trace polynomial, and to indicate some consequences of it.
Observations and a Model of Undertow over the Inner Continental Shelf

Abstract Onshore volume transport (Stokes drift) due to surface gravity waves propagating toward the beach can result in a compensating Eulerian offshore flow in the surf zone referred to as undertow. Observed offshore flows indicate that wave-driven undertow extends well offshore of the surf zone, over the inner shelves of Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts, and North Carolina. Theoretical estimates of the wave-driven offshore transport from linear wave theory and observed wave characteristics account for 50% or more of the observed offshore transport variance in water depths between 5 and 12 m, and reproduce the observed dependence on wave height and water depth. During weak winds, wave-driven cross-shelf velocity profiles over the inner shelf have maximum offshore flow (1–6 cm s−1) and vertical shear near the surface and weak flow and shear in the lower half of the water column. The observed offshore flow profiles do not resemble the parabolic profiles with maximum flow at middepth observed within the su.
Herbig-Haro Flows in Ophiuchus

We report the results of a new [S II] and nearby off-line, narrowband continuum imaging survey of an approximately 0.5 deg2 area of the ρ Ophiuchi cloud core. Higher sensitivity and an improved pixel scale (0.″37) over previous surveys has increased the inventory of Herbig-Haro (HH) flows in the cloud core. We report 11 independently discovered HH objects or newly discovered components of known HH objects. Three previous candidate HH objects have been confirmed, seven new highly probable, and an additional five possible HH object candidates have been identified. The approximate number of independently driven outflows in the ρ Ophiuchi cloud core approaches 50 when the number of HH flows detected in the present study is combined with the number of known CO outflows. The number of outflows exceeds the number of known Class I/Class 0 objects in the same area by at least a factor of 2, leading to the conclusion that Class II and Class III objects must also be outflow drivers. There is direct evidence in these data for Class II and Class III HH flow drivers, although the lack of detected emission down to the sources themselves precludes definitive identification of the great majority of the driving sources.
Hydrogeological investigation of groundwater resources in the district of South 24 Parganas, India

The South 24 Parganas district in India, consists of alluvial and marine sediment of Quaternary age. In this region, groundwater from a confined aquifer is the major source of drinking water. The aquifer is located at a depth of between 160 m and 335 m. This paper reports the results of integrated geological and geochemical investigations to assess the subsurface lithology, hydrological characteristics, groundwater chemistry, depth to the freshwater and seawater intrusion in this critical aquifer. Vertical electric soundings (VES) were conducted to determine facies change in the subsurface lithology and the existence of a saline water zone overlying the aquifer. The VES curves are interpreted by the 1-D inversion technique and the results show the presence of five to six prominent layers consisting of alluvial top soil, saline water, brackish water, an impermeable clay layer, freshwater and the bottom clay with silt and sand lenses, under the prevailing hydrodynamic conditions. The average depth of the confined aquifer is 180 m and the average resistivity of the freshwater zone is about 62 Ohm-m. Lithological characteristics of the area constructed from VES analyses are used to identify potential zones in the aquifer for abstracting drinking water. Geochemical investigations demonstrate that the TDS of the aquifer ranges from 590 to 965 mg/L and is a suitable source for drinking water supply.
Influence of station topography and Moho depth on the mislocation vectors for the Kyrgyz Broadband Seismic Network (KNET)

Deviations of slowness and backazimuth from theoretically calculated values, the so-called mislocation vectors, are measured for the Kyrgyz Broadband Seismic Network (KNET) in the Tien Shan region. 870 events have been analysed for arrivals of P and PKP waves from all azimuths. The deviations of slowness and backazimuth show a strong trend with values up to 1 s deg(-1) for slowness values for waves arriving from the North and South and backazimuth deviations of, in some cases, more than 10 degrees for waves arriving from the East and West. Calculating the traveltime deviations of the stations for topography of the Tien Shan region and Moho depth values appropriate for this area shows that most slowness and backazimuth deviations can be reduced to very small values. The remaining mislocation vectors show no strong trends and are on average smaller than 0.2 s deg(-1) for slowness and 2 degrees for backazimuth values, which is within the error bars of these measurements. Results from array methods that rely on the knowledge of the backazimuth values show much improved resolution after the correction of the mislocation vectors which shows the importance of knowing and correcting for structures directly beneath arrays.
Beam heat load in superconducting wigglers

The beam heat load is a fundamental input parameter for the design of superconducting wigglers since it is needed to specify the cooling power. In this presentation I will review the possible beam heat load sources and the measurements of beam heat load performed and planned onto the cold vacuum chambers installed at different synchrotron light sources.
Assessment of Entrepreneurship Education and Employment Generation among University Graduates in Nigeria

The study investigated the impact of entrepreneurship education on employment generation and the effect of entrepreneurial skill acquisition on entrepreneurial performances. It also examined the impact of the university attended on employment generation among Nigerian graduates. Survey research design was employed for the study. 72 graduates’ entrepreneurs which form our respondents were selected from 6 Local government Areas (LGAs) of Oyo State, South West, Nigeria, through the use of multi-stage sampling technique. Primary data were used for the study and were gathered through the use of structured questionnaire. The relationship among entrepreneurship education, training, university type, employment generation and entrepreneurs’ performances were tested using t-test and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The results showed that majority (82.6%) of the respondents agreed that entrepreneurial education empowered them to start a business of their own (r= 0.826, p < 0.05). Also, the results indicated that skill acquisition by majority (61.4%) of the respondents had improved their performance (r= 0.614, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the results showed that there exist significant differences between types of university attended and employment generation among the graduates’ entrepreneurs. The study concluded that increased entrepreneurial education and training had led to increased employment generation among university graduates in Nigeria. Keywords: Entrepreneurship Education, Training, Employment Generation and Entrepreneurial Performances
BLENDED LEARNING: STUDENT PERCEPTION OF FACE-TO-FACE AND ONLINE EFL LESSONS

With the ever-increasing development of technology, online teaching is more readily accepted as a viable component in teaching and learning, and blended learning, the combining of online and face-to-face learning, is becoming commonplace in many higher education institutions. Blended learning is, particularly in developing countries, in its early stages and not without its challenges. Asynchronous online lessons are currently still more prevalent in many areas of South-East Asia, perhaps due to potential difficulty in obtaining strong Internet connections, which may deter educators from synchronous options. Technological media have the potential to broaden the scope of resources available in teaching and to enhance the language learning experience. Although research to date shows some focus on blended learning, literature on distance online teaching seems more prevalent. This study exposed 112 Malaysian undergraduate EFL students' responses to an online lesson as part of an English grammar course, and investigates common student perceptions of the online lesson as compared with face-to-face lessons. Questionnaires using qualitative (Likert scale questions) and quantitative (open-ended questions) approaches provided data for content analysis to determine common student perceptions, with particular reference to motivation and interest. In general, more students associated in-class lessons with higher motivation and more interest, due to better understanding, valued classroom interaction with the lecturer and peers, and input from the lecturer. Students preferring the online lesson cited speed and convenience of study and flexibility of time and place of study as reasons for their choice. Skilful implementation of online lessons can enhance a language course but should not undermine the value of face-to-face instruction with EFL teachers.
Nutritional Status and Diet Quality in 7-10 Years Old School Going Children

Diet quality index is a measure of the quality of diet using a composite of recommendation regarding the consumption of foods and nutrients. This study was undertaken to assess the nutritional status and observe the diet quality and their association in 7-9 years old school going children. The sample comprised 120 boys and girls who were randomly selected from three schools. Background information was collected using self-designed questionnaire; socio economic status was assessed using Kuppuswamy’s socioeconomic status scale. Anthropometric measurements included height and weight. Weight for age and height for age Z scores were calculated using WHO reference. Twenty four hour dietary recall was used to collect information regarding diet and nutrient intake; nutrient adequacy ratio and mean adequacy ratio were calculated. Healthy Eating Index-Canadian was used to assess diet quality of the subjects. According to weight for age Z score, 5.8% were underweight and 0.83% were severely underweight. Nutrient adequacy was inadequate for energy and iron, and was 75% higher than normal for fat. As per HEI-C diet quality of all the subjects was poor. Diet quality was not associated with anthropometric measurements of the subjects. Weak positive correlation was observed in nutrient intake and diet quality score, and no significant association was found between nutritional status and diet quality (p>0.05) and socio economic status and diet quality (p>0.0.5) of children. K E Y W O R D S Anthropometry | Diet quality | Ealthy Eating Index | Nutritional status C I T A T I O N Jain, Monika; Yadav, Deeksha; Singh, Vandana Chetna; and Chamoli, Ritushri (2018): Nutritional Status and Diet Quality in 7-10 Years Old School Going Children. ESSENCE Int. J. Env. Rehab. Conserv. IX (1): 45—53. https://doi.org/10.31786/09756272.18. 9.1. 115 https://eoi.citefactor. org/10.11208/essence.18. 9.1. 115 Original Research Article Nutritional Status and Diet Quality in 7-10 Years Old School Going Children Jain, Monika; Yadav, Deeksha; Singh, Vandana Chetna; and Chamoli, Ritushri Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India Corresponding Author: drmonikajain2000@gmail.com International Journal for Environmental Rehabilitation and Conservation