Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Characterization of Bacterial Populations in Petroleum-Contaminated Groundwater Discharged from Underground Crude Oil Storage Cavities

ABSTRACT Petroleum-contaminated groundwater discharged from underground crude oil storage cavities (cavity groundwater) harbored more than 106 microorganisms ml−1, a density 100 times higher than the densities in groundwater around the cavities (control groundwater). To characterize bacterial populations growing in the cavity groundwater, 46 PCR-amplified almost full-length 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) fragments were cloned and sequenced, and 28 different sequences were obtained. All of the sequences were affiliated with the Proteobacteria; 25 sequences (43 clones) were affiliated with the epsilon subclass, 2 were affiliated with the beta subclass, and 1 was affiliated with the delta subclass. Two major clusters (designated clusters 1 and 2) were found for the epsilon subclass proteobacterial clones; cluster 1 (25 clones) was most closely related to Thiomicrospira denitrificans (88% identical in nucleotide sequence), while cluster 2 (11 clones) was closely related to Arcobacterspp. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR-amplified partial 16S rDNA fragments showed that one band was detected most strongly in cavity groundwater profiles independent of storage oil type and season. The sequence of this major band was identical to the sequences of most of the cluster 1 clones. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) indicated that the cluster 1 population accounted for 12 to 24% of the total bacterial population. This phylotype was not detected in the control groundwater by DGGE and FISH analyses. These results indicate that the novel members of the epsilon subclass of the Proteobacteria grow as major populations in the petroleum-contaminated cavity groundwater.
Depression, Parkinsonian Symptoms, and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenics Treated With Neuroleptics

To determine whether depression and neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism confound the clinical assessment of negative symptoms in schizophrenics, we evaluated 45 outpatient schizophrenics for depression, parkinsonian symptoms, and negative symptoms using standard clinical rating scales. Neuroleptic and anticholinergic dose and plasma activity were also determined. Associations between negative symptoms and these clinical and drug variables were examined using a multivariate statistical model. Negative symptoms were significantly correlated with several parkinsonian symptoms, some vegetative features of depression, and with anticholinergic dose. No significant correlations were found between negative symptoms and cognitive features of depression, or neuroleptic and anticholinergic plasma activity. These findings suggest that assessment criteria for negative symptoms, depression, and drug-induced parkinsonism overlap in treated schizophrenics. Strategies for differentiating these clinical syndromes are discussed.
Flavor Ratio of Astrophysical Neutrinos above 35 TeV in IceCube

A diffuse flux of astrophysical neutrinos above $100\,\mathrm{TeV}$ has been observed at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Here we extend this analysis to probe the astrophysical flux down to $35\,\mathrm{TeV}$ and analyze its flavor composition by classifying events as showers or tracks. Taking advantage of lower atmospheric backgrounds for shower-like events, we obtain a shower-biased sample containing 129 showers and 8 tracks collected in three years from 2010 to 2013. We demonstrate consistency with the $(f_e:f_{\mu}:f_\tau)_\oplus\approx(1:1:1)_\oplus$ flavor ratio at Earth commonly expected from the averaged oscillations of neutrinos produced by pion decay in distant astrophysical sources. Limits are placed on non-standard flavor compositions that cannot be produced by averaged neutrino oscillations but could arise in exotic physics scenarios. A maximally track-like composition of $(0:1:0)_\oplus$ is excluded at $3.3\sigma$, and a purely shower-like composition of $(1:0:0)_\oplus$ is excluded at $2.3\sigma$.
Crystal structure of the γ-secretase component nicastrin

Significance γ-Secretase is a four-component intramembrane protease associated with the onset of Alzheimer's disease. Nicastrin is the putative substrate-recruiting component of the γ-secretase complex, but no atomic-resolution structure had been identified on γ-secretase or any of its four components. Here we report the first atomic-resolution crystal structure of a eukaryotic nicastrin which shares significant sequence homology with human nicastrin. This structure reveals the fine details of nicastrin and allows structure modeling of human nicastrin. Analysis of the structural details yields a working model showing how nicastrin might function to recruit substrate protein. The nicastrin structure also allows reevaluation of the previously proposed transmembrane helix assignment in the γ-secretase complex. Our structural analysis provides insights into the assembly and function of γ-secretase. γ-Secretase is an intramembrane protease responsible for the generation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. Aberrant accumulation of Aβ leads to the formation of amyloid plaques in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Nicastrin is the putative substrate-recruiting component of the γ-secretase complex. No atomic-resolution structure had been identified on γ-secretase or any of its four components, hindering mechanistic understanding of γ-secretase function. Here we report the crystal structure of nicastrin from Dictyostelium purpureum at 1.95-Å resolution. The extracellular domain of nicastrin contains a large lobe and a small lobe. The large lobe of nicastrin, thought to be responsible for substrate recognition, associates with the small lobe through a hydrophobic pivot at the center. The putative substrate-binding pocket is shielded from the small lobe by a lid, which blocks substrate entry. These structural features suggest a working model of nicastrin function. Analysis of nicastrin structure provides insights into the assembly and architecture of the γ-secretase complex.
Implementation of a closed loop SHMPWM technique for three level converters

High power converters are built using high-voltage and high-current rated semiconductors. The commutation of these devices imply large amounts of energy per cycle leading to very low switching frequency in order to avoid a high rise on the semiconductors temperature. The consequence is high harmonic distortion generated by the converter. Grid codes requirements specify the maximum admitted harmonic distortion. The well known selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation (SHEPWM) technique has proved to be useful in eliminating some of the undesired harmonics without increasing the switching frequency, leaving the rest of them free. The solution to the rest of harmonics is to add bulky and expensive filters. Recently, the method named selective harmonic mitigation pulse width modulation (SHMPWM) has been introduced. The aim of this technique is to mitigate the amplitude of the undesirable harmonics, to acceptable values to meet the grid code, considering a larger number of harmonics. In this paper a practical implementation of this technique in a closed loop scheme is presented. The experimental results using a 150 kW three-level diode-champed converter show that the output signals meet the EN 50160 and CIGRE WG 36-05 grid codes. Comparisons between SHMPWM and SHEPWM are included in the experiments, showing the superior performances of the SHMPWM technique.
EFFECTS OF SHEARING ON FEED INTAKE AND MILK YIELD IN TSIGAI EWES

ALEKSIEV, Y. , 2008. Effect of shearing on feed intake and milk yield in Tsigai ewes. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 14: 87-92 The effect of shearing on voluntary feed consumption, water intake and milk yield was studied in Tsigai sheep kept in natural indoor environment. Sheep were clipped at the beginning of April and fed concentrate and chopped hay offered at lib. Shearing had no effect on feed intake. Average daily dry matter intake was 1779 and 1795 g respectively in unshorn and shorn ewes. Mean daily water intake differed significantly (P<0.001) being higher in unshorn compared to shorn sheep: 4170 and 3147 g respectively. Treatment did not alter the level of milk production and mean daily milk yields during preand post-shearing periods were 349 and 353 g respectively. The results suggest that shearing of lactating ewes kept indoor did not have any measurable effect on feed intake and milk yield although in the case of the present study ambient temperatures were often below the critical point throughout the observation period. The increase of water intake after shearing indicate involvement of appropriate adaptive responses directed at preservation of the heat content of the body.
GLB adolescent's "coming out".

TOPIC A greater number of gay males, lesbians, and bisexual females or males (GLB) are "coming out" during adolescence. Discussion includes nursing implications. PURPOSE The purpose of this paper is to review the process of GLB disclosure, highlight the trend toward earlier outing, and discuss its implications for nursing practice. SOURCES Sources include scholarly published literature, professional organization documents, and GLB advocacy publications. CONCLUSIONS Nurses need to update their knowledge of coming-out issues, as well as nondisclosing sexual behavior, to assess youth and family needs and direct care appropriately.
Drag reduction in skimming flow on stepped spillways by aeration

Abstract In skimming flows on stepped spillway, flow resistance is predominantly a form drag process. Cavity recirculation and air entrainment are intense. The interactions between entrained air bubbles and mixing layers may cause some reduction in flow resistance. The paper presents new evidence showing a reduction in friction factor in skimming flow with increasing free-surface aeration. The experimental data are based upon detailed air-water flow measurements in large size models and may be extended to prototypes. The results might suggest some drag reduction, although comparable clear-water flow data are rare.
Free amino acid pool and muscle protein balance after resistance exercise.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a resistance exercise session (RES) on free amino acid concentrations and protein synthesis and breakdown of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle during recovery in male subjects. METHODS Both the exercise group (EG) and the control group (CG) consisted of six healthy physically active men. On the experiment day in fasting conditions, a stable isotopic tracer of L-[ring-2H(5)] phenylalanine was infused and EG started a heavy 50-min hypertrophic RES for lower extremities after 55 min of infusion. At the same time, CG was at rest. During recovery of 195 min after RES, several blood samples were drawn from the femoral artery (FA) and the femoral vein (FV) and muscle samples from the VL muscle. The enrichment was analyzed by GC/MS and leg muscle amino acid kinetics determined by three-pool compartment model between FA, FV, and VL. RESULTS During recovery at 60 min after RES, there was no difference in muscle protein synthesis or muscle protein breakdown between the groups, but at 195 min, both muscle protein synthesis (P < 0.05) and muscle protein breakdown (P < 0.05) were increased in EG compared with CG. The protein net balance was negative and similar in both groups. Simultaneously in serum concentrations, there was a decrease in leucine (P < 0.05) associated with an increase in aspartate (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the exercise-induced increase in alanine concentration decreased both in serum and muscle. CONCLUSION In fasting conditions, protein net balance is negative and RES induces an increase in muscle protein synthesis and breakdown at 195 min but not yet at 60 min of recovery.
Influencing factors of phonological cognition in Chinese and Japanese

With the number of bilinguals increasing, the great importance is given to Second Language Learning. For the Second Language Learners without authentic language environment, speech is the difficult point. This thesis is to explore the factors that affect speech recognition and how it affects second language speech learning in turn. The experiment result verifies that language environment interferes speech recognition.
Radiation Effects on Breast Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Eight Cohorts

Abstract Preston, D. L. , Mattsson, A. , Holmberg, E. , Shore, R. , Hildreth, N. G. and Boice, J. D. , Jr. Radiation Effects on Breast Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Eight Cohorts. Radiat. Res. 158, 220–235 (2002). Breast cancer incidence rates after radiation exposure in eight large cohorts are described and compared. The nature of the exposures varies appreciably, ranging from a single or a small number of high-dose-rate exposures (Japanese atomic bomb survivors, U.S. acute post-partum mastitis patients, Swedish benign breast disease patients, and U.S. infants with thymic enlargement) to highly fractionated high-dose-rate exposures (two U.S. tuberculosis cohorts) and protracted low-dose-rate exposure (two Swedish skin hemangioma cohorts). There were 1,502 breast cancers among 77,527 women (about 35,000 of whom were exposed) with 1.8 million woman-years of follow-up. The excess risk depends linearly on dose with a downturn at high doses. No simple unified summary model adequately describes the excess risks in all groups. Excess risks for the thymus, tuberculosis, and atomic bomb survivor cohorts have similar temporal patterns, depending on attained age for relative risk models and on both attained age and age at exposure for excess rate models. Excess rates were similar in these cohorts, whereas, related in part to the low breast cancer background rates for Japanese women, the excess relative risk per unit dose in the bomb survivors was four times that in the tuberculosis or thymus cohorts. Excess rates were higher for the mastitis and benign breast disease cohorts. The hemangioma cohorts showed lower excess risks suggesting ameliorating dose-rate effects for protracted low-dose-rate exposures. For comparable ages at exposure (∼0.5 years), the excess risk in the hemangioma cohorts was about one-seventh that in the thymus cohort, whose members received acute high-dose-rate exposures. The results support the linearity of the radiation dose response for breast cancer, highlight the importance of age and age at exposure on the risks, and suggest a similarity in risks for acute and fractionated high-dose-rate exposures with much smaller effects from low-dose-rate protracted exposures. There is also a suggestion that women with some benign breast conditions may be at elevated risk of radiation-associated breast cancer.
DOD standard internet protocol

Abstract : The Internet Protocol is designed for use in interconnected systems of packet-switched computer communication networks. Such as system has been called a 'catenet'. The internet protocol provides for transmitting blocks of data called datagrams from sources to destinations, where sources and destinations are hosts identified by fixed length addresses. The internet protocol also provides for fragmentation and reassembly of long datagrams, if necessary, for transmission through 'small packet' networks. This document is based on five earlier editions of the ARPA Internet Protocol Specification, and the present text draws heavily from them. There have been many contributors to this work both in terms of concepts and in terms of text. This edition revises the details security, compartmentation, and precedence features of the internet protocol. (Author)
Investment Led Growth In India: Hindu Fact or Mythology?

India’s investment rate has increased fourfold since 1950 and has risen sharply this decade to 36% of GDP. But contradictory views have been expressed regarding the importance of this investment pattern for India’s economic growth. This paper evaluates the impact of the rise in India’s investment rate on its economic growth, using the neoclassical growth model. It finds that, although rises in the investment rate and capital accumulation have been strong, the increases in the investment rate have added no more than 1.2 percentage points, and perhaps as little as 0.7 percentage points, to India’s overall growth rate of GDP per worker of 2.7%. It also shows that the current investment boom will have a very small effect on future growth rates and that the benefits from further increases in the investment rate are also likely to be small.
Regulation of the nuclear export of the transcription factor NFATc1 by protein kinases after slow fibre type electrical stimulation of adult mouse skeletal muscle fibres

The transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)c1 has been shown to be involved in turning on slow skeletal muscle fibre gene expression. Previous studies from our laboratory have characterized the stimulation pattern‐dependent nuclear import and resting shuttling of NFATc1–green fluorescent protein (GFP) in flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) muscle fibres from adult mouse. In this study, we use viral expression of the transcription factor NFATc1–GFP fusion protein to investigate the mechanisms underlying the nuclear export of the NFATc1–GFP that accumulated in the nuclei of cultured dissociated adult mouse FDB muscle fibres during slow‐twitch fibre type electrical stimulation. In these studies, we found that inhibition of either glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) or casein kinase 1 or 2 (CK1/2) markedly slowed the decay of nuclear NFATc1–GFP after cessation of muscle fibre electrical stimulation, whereas inhibition of casein kinase 1δ, p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase and protein kinase A had little effect. Simultaneous inhibition of GSK3β and CK1/2 completely blocked the nuclear export of NFATc1–GFP after muscle activity. We also developed a simplified model of NFATc1 phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and nuclear fluxes, and used this model to simulate the observed time courses of nuclear NFATc1–GFP with and without NFATc1 kinase inhibition. Our results suggest that GSK3β and CK1/2 are the major protein kinases that contribute to the removal of NFATc1 that accumulates in muscle fibre nuclei during muscle activity, and that GSK3β and CK1/2 are responsible for phosphorylating NFATc1 in muscle nuclei in a complementary or synergistic fashion.
Bullying and truancy: Predictors to sexual practices among school-going adolescents in Malaysia - a cross-sectional study.

INTRODUCTION Adolescents' involvement in sexual practices are becoming a major public health concern in Malaysia. This study aims to determine the prevalence of sexual practices among Malaysian school-going adolescents and its predictive factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out from April 2012 till September 2012 among 16-year-old school adolescents from two different schools. They were selected through simple random sampling and these adolescents answered a self-administered questionnaire consisting of three sections i.e. socio-demography, risk-taking behaviours and family-adolescents relationship. Data were analysed using Pearson Chi-Square test while Simple Logistic Regression and Multiple Logistic Regression were applied to determine the predictive factors. RESULTS The prevalence of sexual practices among the adolescents was 30.1% in which they were either involved in pornography (26.8%), pre-sexual activities (8.5%) or premarital sex (2.9%). Six predictive factors associated with sexual practices among this age group were identified which were male (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 2.7, 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI) 1.4 to 2.5), truancy (aOR 2.3, 95%CI 1.3 to 4.2), bully (aOR 3.5, 95%CI 1.7 to 7.3), hanging out (aOR 2.8, 95% 1.4 to 5.6), staying out late (aOR 3.2, 95%CI 1.5 to 6.8) and conflict with family (aOR 4.1, 95%CI 1.9 to 8.9). DISCUSSION Asian background differs from the western countries and findings of this study may suggest suitable intervention programmes that can prevent high-risk sexual practices among Asian school-going adolescents.
Análise molecular e validação de raças primitivas de pupunha (Bactris gasipeaes) por meio de marcaodres RAPD.

Marcadores moleculares foram utilizados para verificar a variabilidade genetica de oito racas primitivas de pupunha (Bactris gasipaes var. gasipaes) e duas populacoes silvestres (B. gasipaes var. chichagui), suas relacoes e estruturas geneticas. Foram utilizadas 200 plantas das 8 racas primitivas de pupunha e 18 plantas de duas populacoes silvestres, sendo uma do rio Magdalena, Colombia, e outra do rio Xingu, Para, Brasil. Oito iniciadores foram usados para gerar marcadores RAPD, obtendo 124 marcadores, dos quais 101 polimorficos. A heterozigosidade observada do conjunto de racas e populacoes foi de 0,38, com porcentagem de polimorfismo de 93%, ambas um pouco maior que nos estudos anteriores. As racas da Amazonia apresentaram maiores heterozigosidades e % polimorfismo que a raca de America Central. A estrutura do dendrograma baseado nas distâncias de Nei (1972) para as quatro racas estudadas anteriormente foi muito similar a este primeiro estudo, essencialmente validando esta, e confirmando dois grupos de racas um Ocidental e um Oriental. Quando a raca Jurua foi adicionada a analise, se agrupou com as racas Ocidentais, como esperado pelo posicionamento geografico. Quando as outras racas (com tamanhos amostrais insuficientes) foram adicionadas a analise, observou-se algumas consistencias e problemas. A consistencia principal foi o agrupamento de todas as racas ocidentais no lado ocidental do dendrograma. Os problemas foram os agrupamentos da raca Vaupes com a raca Jurua, que sao distantes geograficamente e possuem formatos e tamanhos de fruto muito diferentes. A relacao entre Cauca e Inirida tambem foi problematica, pois sao geograficamente separadas. Estes problemas somente podem ser resolvidos com novas coletas de germoplasma nas areas geograficas apropriadas com um numero apropriado de individuos. As duas populacoes silvestres se agruparam muito longe das racas, sugerindo que nao participaram da domesticacao das populacoes cultivadas e indiretamente reforcando a hipotese de uma origem no sudoeste da Amazonia.
A Study of Some Wool Traits of Barki Sheep Fed on Nigella sativa Cake under Desert Conditions

This study was conducted at Maryout Research Station, Desert Research Center (33 km south west of Alexandia), toinvestigate the effect of feeding Nigella sativa cake (NSC) as a protein source on wool production and characteristics ofthe growing male Barki lambs under the semi-arid conditions.Twenty one growing male Barki lambs (3 months) weighing 22.90 kg were used in this study, from weaning up tosexual maturity (300 days). Animals were randomly distributed to three equal groups with seven lambs each. The firstgroup was fed on concentrate feed mixture (CFM) containing 35% undecorated cotton seed meal (CSM) and served as acontrol group. The second (G2) and third (G3) groups were fed on the same concentrate mixture in which the proteinsource was partially replaced by 5 and 10 % of NSC, respectively.The results revealed that using Nigella sativa cake as an alternative protein source at levels of 5% (G2) and 10% (G3)significantly improved final body weight, daily gain, greasy fleece weight and clean wool yield. It also improved (P<0.01)wool traits that including staple length, staple strength, point of staple break and staple elongation rate. Wool bulk andresilience were also improved by the two levels of NSC as both traits are considered as indicators for wool qualityaffecting carpet manufacture.