Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Body Temperature Trends and Fever Risk in the Parasitaemia of Plasmodium Falciparum Treated Children at Lake-Alau , Borno State , North Eastern Nigeria

The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between body temperature patterns and fever ( ≥ 37.5C) risks in the parasitaemia of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children (≤59 months). The ever increasing resistance to monotherapies informed the assessment of the combination therapies of Artesunate+Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine (AT+SP) and Amodiaquine+ Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) at the malaria endemic settlements of Lake-alau, Borno State, and NorthEastern Nigeria. The result shows a response of parasitaemia to body temperatures was 55.77% in AT+SP treated children compared to higher response of 64.29% by AQ+SP patients. Similarly, the slope of regression showed a temperature clearance of 0.2071 C for AT+SP in contrast to 0.1714 C for AQ+SP which relates for each μl of depleted blood parasites there was a higher temperature relief in AT+SP than AQ+SP patients having a mean marginal difference of 0.0357 C between the two respective drug groups. In a similar vein, the proportion fever risk was higher (55.75%) in AQ+SP treated children compared to AT+SP (50.69%). Conversely, the rate of fever clearance due to the percentage of each parasite cleared was 12.243% compared to 12.643% for the two respective drugs, with mean terminal parasite clearance of 99.86% and 99.7%, respectively.
A new approach to linear and nonlinear Schrodinger equations using the natural decomposition method

In this paper, we proposed a new computational algorithms called a new approach to linear and nonlinear Schrödinger equations using the Natural Decomposition Method (NDM). The proposed method is a combination of the Natural transform Method (NTM) and Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM). The new computational algorithms is applied directly without using any transformation, linearization, discretization or taking some restrictive assumptions. Exact solutions of two illustrative examples was successfully fund using the proposed method, and the results are compared with the results of the existing methods. This shows the reliability, efficiency, and accuracy of the proposed method. Mathematics Subject Classification: 35Q55, 35Q40, 35K45
A DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF BREADWINNER AND DOMESTIC CHILDCARE ROLES IN AUSTRALIA'S EMPLOYMENT STRUCTURE

A relatively high level of part-time employment exists in Australia, with part-time workers having little incentive to move into full-time work due to a lack of work and family provisions in industrial agreements. This engenders the need to understand how the demographic structure of employment is shaped by such policy. This study seeks to investigate the breadwinner and childcare roles within Australia's employment structure by analysing employment status and relevant demographic variables using data from the ‘Australia at Work’ survey. We found that among households with dependent children, men dominated breadwinner roles, possibly to countervail the partial employment of their female partners who were found to trade-off employment for child-caring roles within the household. This study shows how industrial agreements have influenced work and family roles in the employment structure, and serves as a basis for measuring the impact of recent policy reforms such as more flexible working arrangements for parents.
Development of Broncho-Pulmonary Segments in Albino Rat

Our lungs fulfill multiple functions related to terrestrial living and breathing air. The most critical is to facilitate gas exchange. To achieve this goal the lung consists of two intertwined and highly branched tree-like tubular systems, one conducts air and the other blood. This goal is achieved by a sequence of distinct but overlapping developmental processes. A continuous process of branching and growth into the surrounding mesenchyme performs the whole conducting airway tree and probably also parts of the respiratory airways. Most of this process takes place during the pseudoglandular stage. In late fetal and postnatal lung development, the inspired air and capillary blood get in intimate contact to each other and the process of repetitive airspace septation leading to the formation of alveoli. This study was conducted to demonstrate pre- and postnatal development of the bronchopulmonary segments in albino rats considering its structure and maturation. The study included light microscopic examination by using heamtoxyline and eosin (H&E) stain for general histological examination , orcein stain for elastic tissue maturation and immunohistochemistry for analysis alpha smooth muscle Actins (α-SMA) expression and the cell-specific expression of β-catenin. Image analysis was performed using H&E sections and the resulting parameters were
Principles for managing marine ecosystems prone to tipping points

Abstract As climatic changes and human uses intensify, resource managers and other decision makers are taking actions to either avoid or respond to ecosystem tipping points, or dramatic shifts in structure and function that are often costly and hard to reverse. Evidence indicates that explicitly addressing tipping points leads to improved management outcomes. Drawing on theory and examples from marine systems, we distill a set of seven principles to guide effective management in ecosystems with tipping points, derived from the best available science. These principles are based on observations that tipping points (1) are possible everywhere, (2) are associated with intense and/or multifaceted human use, (3) may be preceded by changes in early‐warning indicators, (4) may redistribute benefits among stakeholders, (5) affect the relative costs of action and inaction, (6) suggest biologically informed management targets, and (7) often require an adaptive response to monitoring. We suggest that early action to preserve system resilience is likely more practical, affordable, and effective than late action to halt or reverse a tipping point. We articulate a conceptual approach to management focused on linking management targets to thresholds, tracking early‐warning signals of ecosystem instability, and stepping up investment in monitoring and mitigation as the likelihood of dramatic ecosystem change increases. This approach can simplify and economize management by allowing decision makers to capitalize on the increasing value of precise information about threshold relationships when a system is closer to tipping or by ensuring that restoration effort is sufficient to tip a system into the desired regime.
Design Patterns for Smart Contracts in the Ethereum Ecosystem

The idea to digitally facilitate contract law and business practices through computer programs has led to the notion of smart contracts. Today's most prominent smart contract ecosystem is Ethereum, a blockchain based distributed computing platform. Due to the inherent nature of blockchain based contract execution, missing low level programming abstractions, and the constant evolution of platform features and security considerations, writing correct and secure smart contracts for Ethereum is a difficult task. Based on a Multivocal Literature Research and an analysis of the gathered data based on qualitative research methods, we mined a number of design patterns providing design guidelines. We describe those patterns in detail and provide exemplary code for better illustration. Our research shows that the patterns are widely used to address application requirements and common problems. We expect generalizability of some or all of the patterns for other smart contract ecosystems, but this is outside of the scope of this study, which studied only smart contract patterns in Ethereum.
Reconsidering research on teachers ' professional identity . Teaching and Teacher Education

The studies considered in this review of recent research on teachersâ€TM professional identity can be divided into three categories: (1) studies in which the focus was on teachersâ€TM professional identity formation, (2) studies in which the focus was on the identification of characteristics of teachersâ€TM professional identity, and (3) studies in which professional identity was (re)presented by teachersâ€TM stories. In the studies reviewed, the concept of professional identity was defined differently or not defined at all. Four essential features of teachersâ€TM professional identity could be derived from the studies. Many of the reviewed studies appeared to be studies on teachersâ€TM personal practical knowledge. However, in only a few studies was the relationship between this knowledge and professional identity made explicit. It is argued that, in future research on teachersâ€TM professional identity, more attention needs to be paid to the relationship between relevant concepts like â€ ̃selfâ€TM and â€ ̃identityâ€TM, the role of the context in professional identity formation, what counts as â€ ̃professionalâ€TM in professional identity, and research perspectives other than the Purchase Export Previous article Next article Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution.
Phenological and Physiological Changes in Adult Piezodorus guildinii (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Due to Variation in Photoperiod and Temperature

Abstract The effect of photoperiod and temperature on Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) adult body morphometry, color, lipid content, development of reproductive organs, and feeding activity at different ages was studied in the laboratory. Three different conditions were tested, each at 80 ± 10% RH: 14:10 h L:D at 25 °C, 10:14 h L:D at 25 °C, and 10:14 h L:D at 20 °C. Adults at 25 °C under 14 h photophase were larger and exhibited lower lipid content than those held at 20 °C under 10 h photophase. Highest percentages of females with clear pronotum band and connexivum were recorded at 10 h photophase regardless of the temperature. Development of the ovary was affected by both photoperiod and temperature. At 15, 30 and 45 days of age under 14 h photophase at 25 °C, the percentage of females with immature ovaries remained constant at 0%; in contrast, at 10 h (20 °C) this percentage declined from 60 to 33%. Testes size was affected by photoperiod and temperature; males at 14 h (25 °C) and at 10 h (20 °C) showed the largest and the smallest testes, respectively. The ectodermal sac condition was affected starting with males 15 days of age; the percentage of males with an expanded ectodermal sac was greater under the 14 h (25 °C) treatment than under the 10 h (20 °C) treatment. Feeding activity of adults under short photophase conditions (10 h) decreased. These laboratory results indicate that adults of P. guildinii maintained under a short (10 h) photophase at 20 °C enter into reproductive diapause, accumulate energetic reserves (lipids), show undeveloped reproductive structures and smaller size, clear coloration of the pronotum band and connexivum, and less feeding activity.
Women who use secure services: applying the literature to women with learning disabilities

Purpose – This paper aims to review research of relevance to women with learning disabilities, focusing in particular on literature which is applicable to women with learning disabilities who use forensic services. Design/methodology/approach – Research involving women with learning disabilities over the past 30 years was sought out and reviewed, and literature relating to women living in locked wards (including those without learning disabilities) was focused upon. Related themes such as the BPD diagnosis, self injury, and aggression are explored. Findings – The author found very little research relating to women with learning disabilities who use secure services, particularly which included quotes from the women themselves. Research limitations/implications – The author recommends that more research in this area is needed, primarily research which includes the voices of women service users themselves. Originality/value – This paper will be relevant to all staff who work with women in secure services.
The Spatial Dimension of Patenting by Multinational Firms in Europe

We investigate the spatial pattern of patenting by the world's largest multinational enterprises (MNEs). Based on a summary of the theoretical literature, we expect spatial concentration of patenting by these large MNEs. A database is developed that provides information on MNE patenting from European regions. This database is used to describe a number of features of the spatial pattern of patenting by MNEs in Europe. The main findings are that MNEs patenting is strongly concentrated in a relatively small number of regions, and that the share of foreign patenting in total patenting varies greatly by firm. We use patent citations to measure the spatial concentration of knowledge flows between firms, and within the same firm between different regional locations. For the majority of cases, we find that units between which patent citations occur are located relatively near to each other, which indeed points to the spatial character of patent citations. This holds for between-firms citations and within-firms citations. Moreover, we find a distinct time pattern associated to knowledge flows: the spatial scope of these flows first broadens but then narrows down again. Copyright 2004, Oxford University Press.
Effect of plant growth regulator application at different growth stages on the economical yield potential of coarse rice (Oryza sativa L.).

The study was conducted to f ind out the growth behaviour of transplanted coarse rice (IR -6) as influence d by plant growth regulator (NAA) under the agro climatic conditions of Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan, during 2004 and 2005 using RandomizedCompleteBlock Design with split plot arra ngements. Main plot consisted of three critical growth stages of paddy rice,namelyS1 (tillering) S2 (panicle initiation) and S3 (grain formation stage), while sub plot contained four levels of 0, 60, 90 and 120 ml ha -1 of plantgrowth regulator(Naphthalene Acetic Acid). The data wasrecorded on plant height (cm) at maturity, number of panicle (m -2 ), number of spikelets panicle -1 , 1000-grain weight (g) and paddy yield (Mg ha -1 ). The effect of plant growth regulator levels, growth stages of paddy rice an d interactions between them were found highly significant (LSD, p <0.01) in term of enhancement in paddy yield and yield components. The application of plant growth regulator @ 90 ml ha -1 at the st age of panicle initiation proved most beneficialin termsof attaining 130.4 cm and 130 cm as maximum plant height, 324.5 m 2 and 328 m 2 as highest number of panicles, 164.3 and 168.5 as maximum number of spikelets panical -1 , 78.5% and 80.5% a s maximum normal kernels, 20.76g and 21.02higher 1000-grain weight,7.65 Mg ha -1 aseconomicalpaddy yield during 2004 and 2005 respectively.
Analysis of penalties taken in shoot-outs

Penalties are now a subject of myth, romance, excitement, dread, fear and pressure - depending upon whether you are watching or taking them. Many soccer managers and coaches have said that they are a lottery and many are of the opinion that practising them are a waste of time, because it is not possible to replicate the pressure. Little research has been completed on penalty shoot-outs, and most of this has been on the performance of goalkeepers. The aim of this work is to use notation to analyse the performances of the penalty takers and goalkeepers in penalty shoot-outs taken from the FIFA World Cup finals and also the finals of the European Champions League, and present these data so that a successful profile of optimal performance can be defined. A notation system was designed to input data directly into Access, 129 penalties were notated with an intention to analyse the time in preparing the shot, the number of paces taken to approach the ball, their relative pace, the pace of the shot, its placement and the outcome. It was found that:- • One in five saved (20%; 3/15), one in fifteen missed (7%; 1/15) and three in four scored (73%; 11/15). • 25% of shots a fast run are saved because the player then tried either 50% or 75% power. • Best success ratios are from an even run up of 4, 5 and 6 paces. • There is no laterality in the success ratios – left footed and right footed strikers have the same success when the frequencies are represented as percentages. • No shots above waist height were saved, although 18% of those shots missed. • In every case, the goalkeeper moved off the line before the ball was struck. • There is only a small data set, but the goalkeepers who took a pace forward and stood up while the striker approached the ball, had the best save and miss ratios. • The profile of Germany’s penalty takers show a consistent pattern that is very different from the average, indicating analysis and training. Table 1 Respective frequency of the different paces of striking the ball with the outcomes expressed as percentages.Power of shotFrequencyFrequencyMissedSaved50%12%47%0%53%75%70%81%1%18%100%18%63%31%7% It was concluded that these data analyses demonstrate that there are optimal strategies in taking and saving penalties. These point to ways of enhancing the individual performance of the players in these closed skills. Coaches in this team sport will be helped by methods used in individual sports such as golf and racket sports, where the emphasis is on the attainment of expert technique.
THE ODD OFFSET BETWEEN THE GALACTIC DISK AND ITS BAR IN NGC 3906

We use mid-infrared 3.6 and 4.5 μm imaging of NGC 3906 from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G) to understand the nature of an unusual offset between its stellar bar and the photometric center of an otherwise regular, circular outer stellar disk. We measure an offset of ∼910 pc between the center of the stellar bar and photometric center of the stellar disk; the bar center coincides with the kinematic center of the disk determined from previous HI observations. Although the undisturbed shape of the disk suggests that NGC 3906 has not undergone a significant merger event in its recent history, the most plausible explanation for the observed offset is an interaction. Given the relatively isolated nature of NGC 3906 this interaction could be with dark matter substructure in the galaxy's halo or from a recent interaction with a fast moving neighbor that remains to be identified. Simulations aimed at reproducing the observed offset between the stellar bar/kinematic center of the system and the photometric center of the disk are necessary to confirm this hypothesis and constrain the interaction history of the galaxy.
The Effects of Media Violence Exposure On Criminal Aggression

The article presents a meta-analysis of studies—yielding 26 independent samples of subjects—on the relationship between exposure to media violence and violent aggression. Mean effect sizes from aggregate and experimental studies do not suggest that media violence and criminal aggression are positively associated, but findings from prospective longitudinal studies are more ambiguous. Summary statistics based on models strictly conforming to each study's original design were compared to post hoc models (in which measures or model specification were not consistent with the original description). Overall, “original” models, controlling for “trait,” did not suggest that exposure to media violence is associated with criminal aggression. The summary statistic for boys reached statistical significance, but the effect size was small, and conclusions based on this finding are attenuated because of known biases in the coefficients estimated.
The effect of grass cultivars differing in heading date and ploidy on the performance and dry matter intake of spring calving dairy cows at pasture

The system of milk production in Ireland is dependent on the efficient utilisation of grazed grass. Therefore the use of grass cultivars with different heading dates may have a large effect on dairy cow performance. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of grass cultivars differing in heading date and grass ploidy on milk production and grass dry matter intake (GDMI) of spring calving dairy cows. The study took place over two years. Seventy-two spring calving dairy cows in Year 1 and 80 in Year 2 were blocked into groups of four and were assigned randomly to one of four grass cultivar treatments. The grass cultivars differed in heading date (intermediate or late) and grass ploidy (diploid or tetraploid). The grazing season began in April 12 (Year 1) and April 25 (Year 2) and lasted until the end of September in both years. A total concentrate DM input of 248 kg and 45 kg·cow -1 was offered to the herds in Year 1 and in Year 2, respectively. All concentrate was of- fered during the first 3 grazing rotations. Rotation had a significant effect (P < 0.001) on all milk pro- duction parameters in both years. In Year 1, late heading cultivars significantly (P < 0.05) increased milk yield, solids corrected milk yield (SCM), fat, protein and lactose yield. There was a significant interaction (P < 0.05) between heading date and grass ploidy for lactose yield and fat concentration. In Year 2, late heading cultivars had also increased milk yield (P < 0.01), lactose yield (P < 0.05), SCM (P < 0.05), protein yield (P < 0.001) and protein concentration (P < 0.05). In Year 1, the GDMI was higher (P < 0.001) for cows grazing the late heading cultivars. It is concluded that later heading grass cultivars have a beneficial effect on the milk production performance of spring calving dairy cows.
Influence of localised currents , benthic community cover and composition on coral recruitment : integrating field-based observations and physical oceanographic modelling

Successful recruitment, which encompasses larval dispersal, settlement and postsettlement survival, is vital for the maintenance and recovery of coral populations. However, coral larval dispersal and settlement rates are rarely measured in the field and therefore little is known about these processes that shape coral recruitment despite their importance. This study set out to determine the relative contributions of distant larval supply (as quantified by water flux from other sites within the atoll), local larval supply (as quantified by site-specific multi-taxon coral cover) and the availability of suitable benthic substrata for settlement and post-settlement survival (as quantified by benthic cover on settlement tiles) to coral recruitment success. To measure coral recruitment, settlement tiles were deployed at Palmyra Atoll (central Pacific Ocean), a remote reef complex with high coral cover, which shows variation in coral and benthic composition, flow regimes and wave energy. We tested if pocilloporid and poritid recruitment rates correlated with measures of water flow obtained from a water flux model and measures of coral and benthic cover. Binary logistical and linear regression models were built to investigate the strength of these relationships. Pocilloporid recruitment depended largely on adult pocilloporid cover and decreased as the total deployment time of the tiles increased. This decrease was habitat-specific and associated with an increase in CCA cover at back reef sites and an increase in bryozoan cover at fore reef sites and results from the competitive pressure that these changes exert on the coral recruits. The results from the correlation analysis and binary logistic model for poritid recruitment were contradictory, and we were unable to clearly determine what drives poritid recruitment. Our results suggest that suitable settlement substratum, distant and local larval supply, and current strength and direction all play important roles in coral recruitment.