Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Salmonella infections and vaccines

Over the last few years the animal and public health problems associated with Salmonella in poultry have increased to the extent that they have become major political issues of which the general public have become very aware. S. enteritidis, particularly, has become a world-wide problem, arising probably mainly in poultry [Rodrigue et al., 1990]. In many countries individual phage types of this serotype have replaced S. typhimurium as the most dominant type in poultry and man. Control in poultry has become a major issue and immunity, whether acquired or, more speculatively, innate, is seen as a possible means of containing the problem. Widespread usage of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria including S. typhimurium. This problem has indicated to the industry and government agencies an increasing requirement for effective vaccines to control this important zoonotic infection. An attempt is made in this review to explain the relatively poor success in immunising food animals against these host non-specific Salmonella serotypes that usually produce foodpoisoning compared with the success obtained with the small number of serotypes that more typically produce systemic "typhoid-like" diseases in a restricted range of host species. Most of our understanding of immunity to salmonellosis arises from experimental work with typhoid-like diseases, usually S. typhimurium infection in mice. Such work may not be entirely relevant to the, largely disease-free, colonisation by most Salmonella serotypes. Whereas live, attenuated vaccines against host-specific serotypes are highly protective, similarly developed vaccine strains have traditionally been less effective in protecting chickens, calves and pigs against intestinal colonisation. Newer methods of attenuation are being developed which are being exploited. Their success will depend on appropriate attenuation and delivery and on their use for infection types which have been shown to be amenable to immune control. However, from the point of view of consumer safety there is a school of thought that considers inactivated or sub-unit vaccines to be the safest. The benefits of developing effective killed or sub-unit vaccines over the use of live vaccines are enormous. Recently there have been significant advances in the development of adjuvants, for example microspheres, that are capable of potent immuno-stimulation, targeting different arms of the immune system. The exploitation of such technology in conjunction with the ongoing developments in identifying key Salmonella virulence determinants should form the next generation of Salmonella sub-unit vaccines for the control of this important group of pathogens.
SEASONAL INCIDENCE OF INSECT PESTS IN CASHEW IN RELATION WITH WEATHER CONDITIONS IN RED AND LATERITE ZONE OF WEST BENGAL

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is an important dollar earning crop in India. The productivity of cashew is greatly influenced by many biotic and abiotic factors of which insect pests are one of the major constraints. More than seventy species of insect pests are reported to infest cashew in various stages of crop growth and development (Butani, 1981; Rai, 1984; Sundararaju, 2002, 2004). Cashew insect pests are mainly coinciding with the flushing, flowering and fruiting periods. Some insects like tea mosquito bug (TMB), inflorescence thrips and apple and nut borer cause direct damage to the crop. Therefore, it is necessary to study the seasonal occurrence of those insects as the flowering time fluctuates with the agro climatic zone. Sundararaju (2005) reported highest population abundance of TMB per lateral shoot during October to January in Karnataka; while Sahu et al. (2011) reported occurrence of same pest during October to May in Chhattisgarh.
Edinburgh Explorer Layout Randomization and Nondeterminism

In security, layout randomization is a popular, eﬀective attack mitigation technique. Recent work has aimed to explain it rigorously, focusing on deterministic systems. In this paper, we study layout randomization in the presence of nondeterministic choice. We develop a semantic approach based on denotational models and simulation relations. This approach abstracts from language details, and helps manage the delicate interaction between probabilities and nondeterminism.
OF THE TWINNING PHENOMENON : EMBRYOGENESIS AND TERATOGENESIS

The twinning phenomenon has always interested the great public, the artists, and naturally the scientists. Isidore Geoffroy St. Hilaire has established a classification still now valid. This classification considers the different types of double monsters which are found in nature in all classes of vertebrates, including man. To explain the twinning phenomenon, the experimental realizations have progressed by successive bounds after the preliminary attempts of different authors. Now, when it is question of experimental duplication, anybody thinks of Speman for the amphibians, of Lutz for the birds, of Seidel for the rabbit, and of Tarkowsky for the mouse. Now, it is possible to conceive a twinning resulting from the separation of the first blastomeres (amphibian, rabbit, mouse) and a twinning originating from the fissuration of the blastoderm {bird, mammal). All these experiments confirm the unicist-theory. If a total or partial regulation of the excedents may be experimentally realized, no argument can however support this theory in the realization of the double monstrosity.
INVESTIGATING THE ANTECEDENTS OF ENTERPRISE CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ( ECMS ) BENEFITS *

Enterprise Content Management System (ECMS) was introduced to help organizations manage their contents. In current business environment, possessing large chunks of unstructured contents prevents organizations from achieving benefits from the use of an Information System (IS). Although beneficial, the voices from academics and practitioners seem contradicting with ECMS vendors; particularly relating to benefits achievement. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the antecedents driving the achievement of ECMS benefits. Grounded on the literature of ECMS and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), several antecedents are identified. These antecedents are categorized into three categories; technological, organizational, and environmental. Subsequently, potential research gaps were identified and future works are outlined.
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment from OECD to ASEAN

This paper examines the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) from OECD to Southeast Asia referring to the knowledge-capital model. Fixed-effects, random-effects, and Hausman Taylor estimations are used in the regression analysis. The panel dataset includes 31 source OECD countries and 10 host ASEAN countries over the period 1995-2012. Empirical evidence is in line with the predictions of the knowledge-capital model. In particular, the total income and the similarity in market size between the source and host countries encourage horizontal FDI. In contrast, higher differences in relative factor endowments lead to higher vertical FDI. Moreover, distance is negatively related to FDI while the opposite is true for investment freedom and common spoken language of the host nations.
Analysis of the factors affecting volunteering, satisfaction, continuation will, and loyalty for public library volunteers: An integrated structural equation model

This study aims to develop an integrated model to analyze the behaviors of public library volunteers in order to help the libraries utilize them as helpful and important human resources. An integrated structural equation model which consists of factors affecting volunteering, volunteer satisfaction, continuation will of volunteering, and loyalty/contributing intention to the library has been developed and tested using survey data from 401 public library volunteers in Daegu Metropolitan City, Korea. Understanding/enhancement and value functions, as well as those significantly directly influencing volunteer satisfaction, are higher motivating factors than other functions of the Voluntary Function Inventory. Direct effects of factors affecting volunteering, and indirect effects mediated by volunteer satisfaction, both on the continuation will of volunteering and loyalty/contributing intention to the library of the volunteers, are investigated: volunteer satisfaction has strong direct positive effects on both factors. Considering the total effects, support and recognition, perceptions of experience, and understanding/enhancement function have positive effects on the continuation will of volunteering, whereas the career function has negative effects; and support and recognition, perceptions of volunteer experience, values function, protective function, understanding/enhancement function, and social function have positive effects on the loyalty/contributing intention to the library, whereas the career function has a negative weak effect on it. Mean differences among groups are also analyzed. Because this study is a kind of extensive exploratory research for library volunteers with some limitations, recommendations for further research are offered, as well as research and managerial implications based on the discussion.
MOMORDICA CHARANTIA L. (bitter gourd) AS A CANDIDATE FOR THE CONTROL OF BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL GROWTH

The plants use for medicinal purposes have been experienced by an extensive proportion of population of population for many centuries. The present study was designed to formulate cost effective dietary interventions to prevent and treat certain microbial diseases. The current experiment was conducted for evaluation of antifungal and antibacterial effects of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.), which is locally named as Karella. All parts of bitter gourd were used including seeds, pulp and skin. Its methanolic extracts were taken to check its antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by paper disc diffusion test. Antifungal efficacy against selected species of Penicillium and Aspergillus was done by Agar Well-Diffusion Method. Broth Dilution method and Agar Well-Diffusion Method were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Zones of inhibition diameters were 11mm, 7mm, 11mm and 9mm for Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, respectively. There was no zone of inhibition against MRSA. The zones of inhibition for bitter gourd seed were 12mm, 8mm, 12mm and 11mm for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi, respectively. The MIC of bitter gourd pulp against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum was 400mg/ml and 600mg/ml, respectively. The MIC of bitter gourd seed against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum was 300mg/ml and 400mg/ml, respectively. Taking together, bitter ground was found a cost effective antibacterial and antifungal agent, it may be used an effective alternate remedial option
An Exploratory Study Regarding the Effects of Auditor Switch, Auditee’s Industry, and Auditee’s Location on Audit Fees in Australia

This study examines the effects of auditor switch, auditee’s industry, and auditee’s location on audit fees in Australia. It uses fee data of Australian Securities Exchange 500 companies, considering all industry classifications throughout the country from 2006 until 2016. Main findings show that auditor switch does not affect audit fees. However, auditee’s industry affects audit fees. This effect occurs in information technology, financials, energy, and materials sectors among the top 500 companies. Financials, energy, and materials sectors face a fee rise, whereas information technology has a fee cut. The extent of fee changes is different among various industries, wherein the financial sector has the highest increase. Further, auditee’s location affects audit fees. Top 500 companies in Hobart, Perth, and Brisbane face a fee reduction, wherein the highest cut is in Hobart. Further analysis suggests that the Australian audit market is being increasingly concentrated in the hands of the Big Four audit firms. Keywords—Audit fee, auditor switch, Australia, industry, location.
Features affecting task-motivation in English for academic purposes online learning

Motivation has been viewed as one of the most important factors contributing to language learning success. Recent research on situation-specific learning focusing on task-motivation has shown that students‟ motivations change in different learning situations. This current study looks at the motivational variables affecting students‟ intrinsic motivation in an English for Academic Purposes (EAP) online learning environment. The primary aim of this study was to validate a survey questionnaire that will be used to measure task-motivation for online courses in an EAP context. In this study, using Self-Determination Theory (SDT) as a framework, the survey questionnaire was developed using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) and administered to four EAP online courses to investigate how students‟ perceived autonomy, competence, relatedness, and task value affected their reported enjoyment and effort. A total of 141 reports were collected and analyzed using multiple regressions. The results showed that autonomy, competence, and task value variables can be used to predict students‟ enjoyment. However, amongst those four predictors, only task value and relatedness can be used to predict students‟ effort. This study has implications for future research and for teachers in designing motivating tasks in an online learning environment.
Environmental Pollution & the Political Economy of Public Debt

This paper analyzes the political economy of government debt when elected politicians decide about the distribution of public funds between a clean and a polluting public good. When provision of the polluting good creates a stock of climate externalities, strategic incentives for the incumbent government arise from both a budget and emission interaction. In this framework, reelection uncertainty leads to inefficiently low public savings (or even debt) which are attenuated by the emission interaction, while first period pollution decreases regardless of the future government's identity. If the incumbent government competes for office against an environmentalists' party, the total welfare loss from emissions also decreases as a direct result of reelection uncertainty.
Effect of Nigella Sativa Encapsulated in Poly ( Lactide-Co-Glycolide ) Nanoparticles on Plasma Malondialdehyde and Ischemia-Modified Albumin in A Diabetes Rat Model

Introduction: An imbalance between pro-oxidant and endogenous antioxidant levels in diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to elevated levels of oxidative stress which triggers accumulation of lipid peroxidation products (e.g.,malondialdehyde/MDA) and ischemia markers(e.g.,ischemia-modified albumin/IMA). Nigella sativa (NS), a herb with antioxidant activity, has poor therapeutic bioavailability. Therefore, modification using biodegradable nanoparticles delivery system [e.g.,poly (lactide-co-glycolide)(PLGA)] offers enhancing in antioxidant properties. This study was designed to analyze the effect of NS-loaded PLGA nanoparticles on plasma MDA and IMA levels in type 2 DM model rats. Methods: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 26 days, injected intraperitoneally of 35 mg/kgBW streptozotocin then separated on to glibenclamide [0.45 mg/(kgBW.day)], NS extract [48 mg/(kgBW.day)],NS-loaded PLGA nanoparticles [48 mg/(kgBW.day)], and untreated control groups. Plasma MDA and IMA levels were measured using a TBA colorimetric assay and ELISA, respectively. Results: MDA levels before and after treatment were observed to be suppressed in the glibenclamide group (0.187 ± 0.472 ng/mL) but the gap in all groups is not significant (p=0.345). In addition, the sharpest decrease in IMA levels before and after treatment was found in NS-loaded PLGA nanoparticle group (264.918 ± 3.411 ng/mL) which is significantly different compared to other groups (p=0.001). Conclusion: The NS-loaded PLGA nanoparticles is proved to have remarkable reduction in plasma IMA levels compared to other groups but not in plasma MDA levels of type 2 DM model rats.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT INFLOWS IN MALAYSIA: A QUANTITATIVE APPROACH

This study had been conducted due to realizing the importance of FDI inflows. After considering previous studies, this study aims to (1) examine the relationship between FDI inflows in Malaysia and the macroeconomic variables (gross domestic product (GDP), inflation (INF), trade openness (TRO), exchange rate (ERT), government consumption expenditure (GSE)) and (2) to determine the main macroeconomic variables that affect FDI inflow in Malaysia. The data for the macroeconomic variables were obtained through World Bank Data and the data sampling was drawn from 37 years’ time series data (1980 until 2016). Based on the findings that were analyzed using multiple linear regression and time-series approach, this study found that there is a positive relationship between FDI inflows and the two macroeconomic variables which are GDP and INF. While the three other macroeconomic variables (TRO, ERT, and GSE) have not shown any significant relationship towards FDI. Future researchers are suggested to provide different models in order to investigate FDI inflows in Malaysia. The model used in this study could provide evidence on a relationship between FDI inflows and the macroeconomic variables.
Correlation of Troponin Rapid Test and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in patients with chest pain

Background: Many patients in emergency are admitted with chest pain, whether typical or atypical. They undergo varieties of tests to diagnose whether they are suffering from ischemic heart disease or not. One of the tests performed in the emergency is Troponin T rapid test. Study design: This is an observational study of 100 patients who presented with chest pain from January 2013 to June 2013.They were all admitted in the hospital.50% of the patients were troponin T rapid test positive and 50% of them were negative. All of them underwent coronary angiogram. A coronary angiography severity criterion was defined as significant coronary artery disease with more than 50% diameter stenosis in vessels more than 1.5mm diameter. Result: The average age of patients in the study is 55 years. The average age of troponin positive patient is 56+/-14 years with male average age of 55years and female average age of 58 years. The male average age in this group was slightly lower than female. The average age in troponin negative group is 55 years both in male and female. In patients who were troponin rapid test positive, the coronary artery disease was found severe in 47(94%) patients, 2 patients (4%) had moderate disease and one patient (2%) had mild disease. Whereas 23(46%) had triple vessel disease, 17(34%) double vessel disease and 10(20%) had single vessel disease. The main vessel involved in this group was LAD which was found diseased in 44(88%) of patients. In patients who had troponin rapid test negative, disease was mild in 35(70%) of patients, 8(16%) had moderate disease and 7(14%) had severe disease. The predominantly involved vessel was LCX in 47(94%) of cases. Conclusion: Our study revealed that the patients with troponin rapid test positive were having severe coronary artery disease involving multiple vessels mainly the LAD in about 88% of patients. Where as in patients with negative troponin rapid test the disease was mild in majority of cases and predominantly involved vessel was LCX. The disease was found severe in only 14% of patients in this group and this small group must be looked after properly and must receive aggressive medical treatment and must be considered for revascularization.
Predicting lightning potential on different time scales--A conceptual model and first results [poster]

Range forecasters at the Army Test and Evaluation Command's (ATEC’s) White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) are responsible for issuing forecasts and hazardous weather warnings in support of range tests and routine range activities. Lightning poses a serious hazard for workers and equipment. This work aims to develop a lightning prediction system for short (e.g. < 30 minutes) and longer (up to several hours) lead times. To predict lightning on very short time scales the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) AutoNowcaster (ANC) system (e.g. Mueller et al. 2003; Saxen et al. 2008) is used. For prediction of lightning on longer time scales, the skill of model forecasts is tested. From the model forecast, microphysical and dynamical cloud parameters are used to compute areas of lightning potential threats. First results will be presented in the following.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE SEQÜÊNCIAS DE DNA CODIFICADORAS DE PROTEÍNAS EXPORTADAS DA Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis ATRAVÉS DA UTILIZAÇÃO DO SISTEMA DE TRANSPOSIÇÃO in vivo

002 APRESENTAÇÃO. 003 1. Introdução geral.004 2. Delineamento da dissertação. 007 REVISÃO DA LITERATURA.010 Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis: microbiology, biochemical properties, pathogenesis and molecular studies of virulence.011 RESULTADOS.054 An improved protocol for electrotransformation of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis.055 In vivo insertional mutagenesis in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis: an efficient means to identify DNA sequences encoding exported proteins.073 CONCLUSÕES E PERSPECTIVAS.108 Conclusões. 109 Perspectivas.110 REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS. 111
Joint Routing and Scheduling for NOMA-Enabled Wireless Networks

This work studies scheduling and multi-path routing for maximum throughput in wireless networks. Unlike the literature, our model assumes that nodes are capable of multiplexing in the power domain (Non-orthogonal Multiple Access NOMA) at the transmitters and successive interference cancellation (SIC) at the receivers. We assume that transmit powers of nodes are fixed. We form three-node composite links that perform either NOMA (one transmitter and two receivers) or SIC (two transmitters and one receiver), in addition to single links (one transmitter and receiver). These links are scheduled in time in a nonconflicting manner in order to maximize the weighted sum of end to end flow rates. This problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear program (MILP). We separately tested the performance improvement by adding NOMA and SIC capabilities. Numerical results reveal that NOMA and SIC provide an almost equal and significant improvement ((25-30%)) in the weighted sum-rate. Lastly considered a specific case, where the sources of all flows are the same. In that case NOMA resulted in a 65-70% improvement, while SIC did not have any effect.
Pathomorphological alterations due to pulmonary hypertension syndrome in broiler chicken reared under temperate climatic conditions of Northern Himalayas

Present study was aimed to investigate path anatomical alterations in commercial broiler chickens with spontaneous Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome (Ascites). Gross lesions included ascites, cyanotic musculature, right ventricular hypertrophy/ cardiomegaly, and congestion, haemorrhages, and oedema of different organs. Histopathologically marked changes were observed in heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, brain, GIT thyroid, adrenal gland and lymphoid organs. the lesions, in general, included varying degrees of congestion, haemorrhages and perivascular leakage of lymph / oedema; thickening of vascular walls with medial hypertrophy and cystic dilatation of lymphatics; inflammatory changes with predominantly perivascular mononuclear cell and also heterophil infiltration in; neuronal and purkinje cell degeneration and lymphoid depletion. It was concluded that PHS caused marked patho-anatomical changes in all organs. The inflammatory changes observed suggest it as a model for PAH in humans.