Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sequential Holonomic Quantum Gates

In the Λ-system, non-adiabatic holonomic quantum phases are used to construct holonomic quantum gates. An interesting approach would be to implement open path holonomies in the Λ-system. By dividing the loop into two curve segments with a unitary transformation between them, universality can be reached. In doing so the exibility of the scheme has been increased by the fact that one single full pulse is now enough for universality, and we have achieved a clearer proof of the geometric property of the Λ system.
Rent Seeking and Political Connections of China ’ s

Rent seeking is the economic gains obtained from others to a resourceful firm without reciprocating any benefits back to society through wealth creation. The largest resource comes from the government in China. Can the firms benefit through political connections in China? Faccio (2006) find that political connection can increase the value of the firm. Khwaja and Mian (2005) and Leuz and Oberholzer (2005) point out that firms with political connections can obtain preferential financing. Faccio (2006) and Adhikari et al. (2006) show that a good relationship with government can bring tax relief to the firm. Faccio et al. (2006) find that political connections are associated with government supports. However, Shleifer and Vishny (1998) and Faccio et al. (2006) argue that political connection may damage firm value. Fan et al (2007) find that political connections destruct corporate values in China, evidenced by lower three-year post-IPO stock returns and by poorer growth of three-year post-IPO earnings. Bai et al. (2006) and Chen et al. (2011) argue that political connections serves for investor protections in China. It demands a further study to understand whether and how political connections can bring governmental benefits to the connected firms. In this paper, we examine the data of the family-controlled firms listed on the Shanghai or Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. We find that political connections of family-controlled firms significantly bring about better long term performance after listing and that political connections are associated with easier access to bank loans, longer term loans, higher tax rebates, and more government subsidies in family-controlled firms. This paper makes the following contributions to the literature. First, we provide the concrete empirical evidences of rent seeking by the family-controlled firms in China, if they are well politically connected. Second, our paper 【特集・論文】
The Quick Response (QR) Code: Graphic Potential for Libraries

The convergences of Web-ready mobile tools and applications have changed how we interact with our physical and virtual environments. Web-ready mobile devices (particularly smartphones, but tablets and Wi-Fi ready MP3 players are also on the increase) have supplanted the traditional desktop computer. According to IDC Worldwide Quarterly Mobile Phone Tracker, a February 7, 2011, press release noted that “Smartphone manufacturers shipped 100.9 million devices in the fourth quarter of 2010.PC manufacturers shipped 92.1 million units” (IDC). For the first time ever, smartphones have outsold traditional desktop computers. This is telling on several levels, the most salient being that our mode of interaction with information in any form (play, work, school, homework, etc.) has shifted from a static environment (wired computer) to a highly mobile one. We are moving (literally! ) to on-the-go computing and manage a great deal of our everyday affairs via mobile handheld devices.
Repression of HPV 16 early region transcription by the E 2 protein

HPV16 DNA is often integrated in cancers, disrupting the E1 or E2 genes. E2 can repress the E6/E7 promoter, but other models have been proposed to explain why integration promotes malignant progression. E1 and E2 are required for viral replication, and so genetic analysis of their role in transcriptional regulation is complex. Therefore, we developed an extrachromosomal vector containing HPV16 to undertake a genetic analysis of the E1 and E2 genes. We demonstrate that the E2 protein is primarily a transcriptional repressor when expressed from the virus. Furthermore, repression requires both the transactivation function of E2 and specific binding of E2 to the LCR. We find no evidence that the E1 protein directly modulates HPV16 gene expression. However, certain E1 mutations modulated transcription indirectly by altering splicing of E2 mRNA species. These data provide important insight into which E1 and E2 functions are optimal targets for anti-viral therapies. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Estimation of Rolling Resistance and Air Drag for Heavy Duty Vehicles

The vehicle industry is moving towards more and more autonomous vehicles. In order to reduce fuel consumption and improve driver experience, driver support functions and vehicle control are becoming increasingly important. With information about the different parts of the driving resistance, driver support functions and vehicle control can be improved. The driving resistance can be divided into rolling resistance, air drag and change in potential energy due to road grade. Estimations of the road grade and the vehicle mass have been subject to many research publications and are used in numerous functions in heavy duty vehicles of today. With this information known, it is interesting to investigate the possibilities to estimate the rolling resistance and the air drag separately. This thesis presents two methods based on Kalman filters for online estimation of the rolling resistance and the air drag. They both use information from sensors that are part of the standard equipment for heavy duty vehicles. A vehicle model is used together with measurements of the vehicle speed and information about the engine torque, the road grade and vehicle mass to generate the estimations. The designs of the estimators are described and the performance is evaluated through simulations and experiments with real vehicles. The experiments have shown the difficulty in separation of the rolling resistance and air drag. It is shown that simultaneous estimations of the two is possible, but in practice a too large variation of speed is required to obtain accurate estimates with the investigated methods. It is also shown that when estimating one parameter at a time, accurate estimations can be generated. However, it is proven to be difficult to base these estimations on each other, to due large temperature dependency of the rolling resistance.
Information Processing and Distribution in the Fly early Visual System

iii List of Abbreviations . ix List of Symbols . x List of Figures . xii List of Supplement Figures . xiii 1 General Introduction . 1 1.1 The structure of dipteran compound eyes and photoreceptors . 1 1.2 Voltage‐sensitive K+ Channels in photoreceptor information coding . 4 1.3 First visual synapse . 5 1.4 Dipteran lamina: the neural network . 8 1.5 Colour and motion information in early vision system . 10 1.6 Outline of the Thesis . 12 2 The Drosophila SK channel (dSK) contributes to photoreceptor performance by mediating sensitivity control at the first visual network . 15 2.1 Introduction . 15 2.2 Experimental Procedures . 16 2.2.1 Fly stocks . 16 2.2.2 In vivo Electrophysiology . 16 2.2.3 Data Analysis . 18 2.3 Results . 20 2.3. 1 dSK is required for normal photoreceptor light response . 20 2.3. 2 dSK contributes to the photoreceptor axon membrane potential in the dark . 21 2.3. 3 dSK mediates light‐dependent sensitivity regulation at the lamina network . 23
The Role of Prudential Regulation and Supervision as a Determinant of the Financial Risk of Companies Listed On the Nairobi Securities Exchange ( NSE ) In Kenya

Effective prudential regulation and supervision eventually leads to a reduction in the financial risk of firms. This study sought to evaluate the role of prudential regulation and supervision on the financial risk of companies listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). The study targeted companies publicly listed in the Nairobi securities Exchange between 2012 and 2013, with the minimal changes of listing on the stock exchange currently being considered. Forty five out of sixty one companies were sampled using a 75% proportion. Primary as well as secondary data was collected from the sampled firms. Data was analysed using both qualitative and quantitative methods using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 24. Findings are presented using tables. Findings point to a moderate linear relationship (R= .585.) between prudential supervision and the financial risk of companies listed on the NSE at 0.001(p<0.05) level of significance. The study recommendations include improving the enforcement of prudential regulations and enactment of serious penalties for companies which do not follow the regulations.
Histomorphological evaluation of the digital coronary region at different fetal development stages of Holstein cattle

The scientific literature lacks detailed morphological descriptions of the histological development and cell differentiation of fetal bovine hoof. In this study, 40 extremity members of Holstein bovine fetuses were collected and divided into four groups (G1 to G4) based on the estimated age. Fragments were removed from wall and sole, processed and stained with hematoxylin eosin (HE) for light microscopy observation. In G1, it was found that the epidermis was very thin, including keratinocyte layers and clusters of mesenchymal cells. In group G2 it was observed that the thickness of the epidermis covering the limbs remained variable and laminar corium developed in the germinal layer. In group G3 it was noted that in the germinal epithelium there were papillae in little advanced development and cells of the stratum corneum in the initial process of keratinization. In G4, the epidermis was well developed with layers distributed homogeneously, containing symmetrical and long papillae and intense production of keratin. In this work, the most important cellular events for the formation of the fetal hoof in Holstein cattle were first described in different stages of their formation.
Understanding AJAX: Using JavaScript to Create Rich Internet Applications

AJAX: fast mastery for experienced Web developers! Already an experienced Web developer? Apply your skills in today's fastest-growing area of Web development: AJAX! Building on what you already know, this fast-paced guide will show you exactly how to create rich, usable Internet applications. Joshua Eichorn teaches through sophisticated code examples, including extensive server-side PHP code.You won't just learn how to code AJAX applications: Eichorn covers the entire development lifecycle, from use cases and design through debugging. He also presents detailed application case studies, including a start-to-finish update of a non-AJAX application that addresses everything from feature improvements to changing usage patterns. Coverage includes:i? ·i? i? i? i? i? i? How AJAX changes the conventional Web development cyclei? ·i? i? i? i? i? i? Problems created by the AJAX paradigm -- and how to avoid themi? ·i? i? i? i? i? i? Adding AJAX to existing Web applications: key considerationsi? ·i? i? i? i? i? i? Using core AJAX technologies, including the XMLHttpRequest objecti? ·i? i? i? i? i? i? Consuming data returned to an AJAX application using both XSLT and JSONi? ·i? i? i? i? i? i? Building more usable AJAX applications: guidelines and downloadable resourcesi? ·i? i? i? i? i? i? Use cases: solving real-world problems in the AJAX environmenti? ·i? i? i? i? i? i? Libraries and toolkits for simplifying AJAX development, including Sarissa, scriptaculous, and HTML_AJAXi? ·i? i? i? i? i? i? A complete guide to AJAX debuggingi? ·i? i? i? i? i? i? Supporting browsers without XMLHttpRequest by using IFrames or cookiesi? ·i? i? i? i? i? i? JSON data encoding debugging guide, which covers tools for Firefox and Internet Exploreri? ·i? i? i? i? i? i? A list of libraries, which includes PHP, . NET, Java, and other libraries that can be used with any server language
Lactation curve models Mathematical functions were applied to fit the milk production data of individual lactations : 1 : The Wood Model :

The objective of this study was to compare the goodness of fit of lactation curve models; Wood, Wilmink, Linear Splines (SPL), Cubic Splines (SPC), Quadratic Splines (SPQ), Cobby and Le Du, Ali Schaeffer and Legendre Polynomial (LEG), in random regression model (RRM) for milk production traits of Iranian Holstein dairy cattle. For this purpose the records obtained from Test-day (TD) regarding milk (928513), fat (788577) and protein (653317) yields related to their first parity were used. These data collected from the years of 2003 to 2011 by the Karaj breeding center of Iran. The genetic parameters were estimated using REML method using WOMBAT software. Based on obtained results, RRM with SPL6 (6,6), SPC6 (6,6) and LEG (3,5) for milk yield, SPL6 (6,6), SPQ6 (6,6), LEG (3,5) for fat yield and SPL5 (5,5), SPQ4 (4,4) and LEG (3,4) for protein yield, were selected as better model to describe the lactation curves. The estimated heritabilities by best models were lower in the beginning lactation than other during lactation. The genetic trend of milk yields was showed an increasing during the 10 past years, which indicated Iranian Holstein dairy cattle population genetically was improved for milk yields.
Prevalence of Unsatisfactory Pap Smear and Associated Clinical History and Diagnosis in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Ghana

Background: A major limitation of cervical cytology is the unsuitability of proportion of smears submitted for analysis and for cytological assessment (unsatisfactory). This study examines the prevalence of unsatisfactory Pap smear, clinical history and diagnosis in the Department of Pathology, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), Ghana. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 15,290 cases spanning 12 years (2005-2016) was carried out at the cytology unit of the Pathology Department of the KBTH. Out of the 15,290 Pap smear records retrieved, 2347 reports were excluded leaving 12,943 for the study. All unsatisfactory smear cases were analyzed and categorized using the Bethesda 2001 System. Results are presented using descriptive statistics. Results: The overall prevalence of unsatisfactory Pap smear was 402 (3.1%). Routine screening smear accounted for 115 (0.9%); reports without clinical history and diagnosis gave 21 (0.2%) and cases with clinical history and diagnosis were 287 (2.2%). The common cause of unsatisfactory Pap smear was scanty cellularity 222 (1.72%). Patient’s history accounted for the least cause of unsatisfactory Pap smear 2 (0.02%). Conclusion: Pap smear results reported as unsatisfactory could harbor cancer malignancy. Samples should be taken by well-trained persons.
The fossil and archaeological record of the Eagle Owl in Britain

Eagle Owls Bubo bubo have bred in northern England in most years since the mid 1990s, and this has prompted much debate about their place in the British avifauna.The paper reassesses the fossil and more recent archaeological records of Eagle Owl in Britain. Separating fossil remains of Eagle Owl from those of the closely related Snowy Owl B. scandiacus is extremely difficult, but records suggest that Eagle Owls, or a species of Bubo closely allied with modern Eagle Owl, have been present in Britain for up to 700,000 years, through to the end of the last ice age, some 10,000 years ago, and into the Holocene.
DEVELOPMENT AND AWARENESS OF FUNCTION UNDERSTANDING IN FIRST YEAR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

We see the mathematics studies as an opportunity to enjoy challenging yourself with mathematical problems; learn to value critical thinking and argumentation over dogma; and to observe your own development as well as that of your peers. In short, to develop mathematical habits of mind, as Cuoco, Goldenberg and Mark (1996) put it. We do not have space here to motivate our values, but some arguments are presented in the mentioned article and its references.
A Study of Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus in Abuja Nigeria .

Background:Periodontal disease is essentially a combination of gingivitis, which is aninflammatory condition of the gingiva and periodontitis, which refers to the destruction of the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and cementum, a destructive process that could lead to tooth loss. Studies confirm that diabetics are three times more likely to develop periodontal disease than the control. Objectives:To examine the oral hygiene status of diabetic patients and evaluate the extent of periodontal disease in them. Methodology:This is an observational case-controlled study among diabetic subjects with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus attending a diabetic clinic inAbuja, Nigeria. Social demographic characteristics were recorded; presence of plaque and calculus were noted down; pocket depths and clinical attachment loss were measured and recorded in a periodontal chart. Data were analyzed descriptively and comparatively using SPSS version 20. Results:Mean plaque index in diabetic patients was 2.01±0.09 and 1.64±0.07 in non-diabetics; mean pocket depth in diabetic patients was 3.4±0.9 and 2.5±0.7 in non-diabetics; mean clinical attachment loss in diabetic patients was 3.1±0.7 and 2.3±0.6 in non-diabetics. Discussion:The results in this study shows that the oral hygiene status and periodontal disease is more pronounced in diabetics than non-diabetics and this is indicated by the increase in plaque index, pocket depths and clinical attached loss in this study group; this is in agreement with results from other studies in Nigeria and other parts of the world. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus, a systemic condition, contributes negatively to periodontal disease and this could lead to tooth loss.
Resolution of liaison for lexical access in French

La reconnaissance de la parole implique l’activation automatique des ’candidats lexicaux’ compatibles avec l’entree perceptuelle. Dans le flux sonore les mots s’enchainent sans interruption, et les limites de syllabes peuvent se confondre avec celles de mots. Ainsi, dans ’petit agneau’ la liaison cree une syllabe qui commence par une consonne alors que le mot ’agneau’ commence par une voyelle. Dans deux experiences ou les temps de reaction etaient mesures, on s’est demande comment des locuteurs francais reconnaissaient des mots dans des contextes de liaison. Les resultats permettent de penser que la resolution de la liaison depend d’une part de signaux acoustiques permettant de distinguer entre les consonnes de liaison et celles de non-liaison, mais d’autre part de la disponibilite du support lexical pour une interpretation de liaison.
DEIM Forum 2016 A 7-3 Finding “ Coordinate ” Relationships in Search Results

We propose a method to structure search results of a user-given query depending on some perspectives, while these perspectives are detected and extracted from the given data collection, and moreover, confirmed by user perceptions on the Web. For example, in the case of news articles, take as an example the search results of a keyword query “school shooting”. They can be grouped by different events, such as “Oregon school shooting”, or “Virginia Tech shooting”, or by developmental stages of events, such as “occurrence of an event”, “number of casualties”, or “end of the shooter”. However, since it is intellectually easier to understand “school shooting” by considering similar but different events, our method finally chooses to cluster the collection into different events, viz. the former grouping. We aim at providing a more comprehensible way for users to have a whole and exhaustive understanding of unstructured search results by transforming to perspective-based structured ones.
Microseismic Focal Mechanisms and Implications for Changes in Stress during the 2014 Newberry EGS Stimulation

We adapt the relative polarity method from Shelly et al. (2016) to compute focal mechanisms for microearthquakes associated with the 2014 hydroshearing stimulation at the Newberry volcano geothermal site. We focus the analysis on events relocated by Aguiar and Myers (2018), who report that six event clusters predominantly comprise the 2014 sequence. Data quality allows focal mechanism analysis for four of the six event clusters. We use Hardebeck and Shearer (2002, 2003; hereafter HASH) to compute focal mechanisms based on first‐motion polarities and S/P amplitude ratios. We manually determine P‐ and S‐wave polarities for a well‐recorded reference event in each cluster, then use waveform cross correlation to determine whether recordings of other events in the cluster are the same or reversed polarity at each network station. Most waveform polarities are consistent with the affiliated reference event, indicating similar focal mechanisms within each cluster. The deeper clusters are east–west‐striking normal faults, whereas the shallower clusters, close to the top of the open‐hole section of the borehole, are strike slip with east–west motion. Regional studies and prestimulation borehole breakouts find the maximum stress direction is vertical and maximum horizontal stress is approximately north–south. Fault geometry and focal mechanisms of microseismicity during the stimulation suggest that increased pressure from fluid injection predominantly caused changes in horizontal stress, consistent with predictions from numerical studies of stress change caused by fluid injection. At shallow depths, where previous studies suggest the difference between vertical and horizontal stress is lowest, injection appears to have rotated the direction of maximum stress from vertical to horizontal, resulting in strike‐slip motion. At greater depth, vertical stress continued to be the dominant direction during the stimulation, but fault orientation indicates either reactivation of pre‐existing fractures or rotation of the direction of maximum horizontal stress from approximately north–south to east–west.