Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating Beta-Coefficients of German Stock Data: A Non-Parametric Approach

Abstract Although the consumption based asset pricing theory appears to be theoretically superior and more elegant than the beta pricing model, in practice the beta pricing model is more widely applied. Indeed, beta pricing models are one of the most widely adopted tools in financial analysis. They readily allow handling systematic risk as priced in financial assets. However, accurately estimating beta-coefficients is not as straightforward as implicitly suggested by Sharpe's standard market model, i.e. simply using the ordinary least-squares (OLS) regression. This is primarily because beta-coefficients cannot generally be assumed to be stable over time. In order to overcome this deficiency, we present and apply a non-parametric estimation technique that allows capturing this time effect and promises both more reliable estimates than obtained with an OLS regression as well as better manageability compared with the existing time-series approaches dealing with time-varying beta-coefficients. Estimation results for constant and time-varying betas are presented for portfolios of German industries.
Sequences of charged sheets in rectorite

Two rectorite samples, a Naand Ca-rich rectorite (sample l) from Beatrix Mine, South Africa, and a Na-rich rectorite (sample 2) from Garland County, Arkansas, have been investigated quantitatively by solid-state 23Na, 27A1, and '? eSi magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy, total chemical dissolution, cation exchange, and X-ray diftaction (XRD). Comparison of modeled and experimental diftactograms shows that both rectorite samples have a mica to smectite ratio of l:l and an ideal ordering in units of one mica plus one smectite layer. The average thicknesses of the coherent scattering domains are ten and ei9ht 2:l layers for samples I and 2, respectively. Quantification of the 23Na, 2'Al,
Understanding the Sources of Online Travel Information

Given that online travel media enable multilateral communication patterns in destination marketing, this study investigates technical attributes presenting the number and type of source-related visual cues. From a technological perspective, the sources of online travel information can be conceptualized in terms of specialization, endorsement, and other users’ star rating to reflect technological functions and psychological effects. An experiment with a 2 (specialization: a generalist website vs. a specialist website) × 2 (endorsement: absence vs. presence) × 3 (star rating: low vs. medium vs. high) factorial between-subjects design was conducted to test the relationships between source-related visual cues, cue-induced perceptions, information credibility, and destination images. This study found that each source-related visual cue produced distinctive psychological effects on a tourist’s perceptions. Furthermore, these cue-induced perceptions were influential to tourists’ judgment of information credibility, which was positively related to destination images and behavioral intention.
Adipose tissue-derived cytokines, CTRPs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in metabolism and the cardiovascular system

Increasing evidence indicates that adipose tissue-originated cytokines mediate communication between obesity-related exogenous molecules and the molecular events that initiate the metabolic syndrome and the inflammatory responses in the cardiovascular system (CVS). Adipose tissue-derived cytokines including the C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related proteins (CTRPs), a 15-member family of novel adipokines, has attracted much interest due to its metabolic regulatory and anti-inflammatory effect and appear to play a pathophysiological role in metabolism and immunity. To date, 15 members of CTRP family have been identified and they also play a role in the CVS, especially as potent biomarkers or therapeutic targets for modulating metabolic or inflammatory functions. Therefore, this review will focus on the characteristics of CTRPs that influence cardiovascular function and on the potential of CTRPs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
High variability identi fi cation and discrimination training for Japanese speakers learning

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn. 2017.11. 002 0095-4470/ 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). q A portion of this work was presented in “Perceptual training effects on production of English /r/–/l/ by Japanese speakers” at the Phonetics Teaching and Learning Conference, London, UK, 8–10 August 2013. * Corresponding author. E-mail address: y.shinohara@waseda.jp (Y. Shinohara). Yasuaki Shinohara *, Paul Iverson b
The Role of Game Genres and the Development of Internet Gaming Disorder in School- Aged Children

Background and Objectives: Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is characterized by a pattern of video game playing that results in significant issues with daily life (e.g. problems with inter-personal relationships or poor academic/job performance), and where the gaming persists despite these negative outcomes. Here we tested the hypothesis that the prevalence of IGD depends on the types of games a child plays. Methods: A sample of 2,982 children from Singaporean primary and secondary schools were recruited for the current study. They filled out questionnaires related to IGD symptoms, general video game play habits, as well as other measures of daily life function. Games were categorized into five genres (Role-playing, Strategy, Action, Puzzle, Music) and the prevalence of IGD was examined as a function of each individual’s favorite genre of game. Results: Not all genres were equally associated with IGD. The highest rates of IGD were associated with players of Role-playing games followed by players of Action, Music, Strategy, and Puzzle games, respectively. However, this pattern was only found in secondary school-age children with primary school-aged children showing no differentiation by genre. Conclusion: Consistent with previous work, respondents’ favorite game genres predicted differential probabilities of IGD. However, this was only true in older children, not in younger children. Future work is needed to determine if this is because young children are not susceptible to the differential influence of various genres or because the games that young children play within these genres lack the critical ingredients that exist in these game types played by older children and adults.
Six standard deviations suffice

Given n sets on n elements it is shown that there exists a two-coloring such that all sets have discrepancy at most Knl/2, K an absolute constant. This improves the basic probabilistic method with which K = c(ln n)l/2. The result is extended to n finite sets of arbitrary size. Probabilistic techniques are melded with the pigeonhole principle. An alternate proof of the existence of Rudin-Shapiro functions is given, showing that they are exponential in number. Given n linear forms in n variables with all coefficients in [-1, + 1] it is shown that initial values Pl. P,, E (0,1} may be approximated by el,.,£,, E {0,1} so that the forms have small error. 1. We state our main result first in the language of linear forms. THEOREM 1. Let (1.1) Li(xl,.,x,l) = ailxl + *Xe + ai,txn, 1 < i < n, be n linear forms in n variables with all laijl < 1. Then there exist e1, . , Esl E { -1 + 1 } such that (1.2) |Li(El,. ,E")l < KS for all i, 1 < i < n. Here K is an absolute constant. When all aij E {0,1} we may consider e1 = (aij) as the incidence matrix for a family of n sets on n elements. That is, we may set Ai= { j: aij= 1}. Given a two-coloring, say Red and Blue, of {1,. ,n}, the discrepancy disc(X) of a set X c {1, . ,n } is defined as the number of Red points in X minus the number of Blue points in X. If we interpret si = + 1 as meaning i is to be colored Red and ej = -1 as Blue then we obtain the following result. COROLLARY 2. Let Al,. ,An c {1,. ,n}. Then there exists a two-coloring of {1,. ,n} so that (1.3) |disc( Aj)| < KW foralli, 1 < i < n. Received by the editors July 1, 1984. 1980 Muthemcltics Subject Clclssific(ltion. Primary 05B20; Secondary 41A28, 42A61. ' This work was initiated while the author was an IREX exchange fellow at the Mathematical Institute, Budapest and completed with support of the National Science Foundation. For the many kindnesses and for the creative research environment provided by Institute staff and colleagues-koszonom szepen! t1985 American Mathematical Society 0002-9947/85 $1.00 + $. 25 per page
On Your Watch: Automation on the Bridge

In this paper, we discuss the grounding of the Royal Majesty, reconstructed from the perspective of the crew. The aim is particularly to understand the role of automation in shaping crew assessments and actions. Automation is often introduced because of quantitative promises that: it will reduce human error; reduce workload; and increase efficiency. But as demonstrated by the Royal Majesty, as well as by numerous research results, automation has qualitative consequences for human work and safety, and does not simply replace human work with machine work. Automation changes the task it was meant to support; it creates new error pathways, shifts consequences of error further into the future and delays opportunities for error detection and recovery. By going through the sequence of events that preceded the grounding of the Royal Majesty, we highlight the role that automation plays in the success and failure of navigation today. We then point to future directions on how to make automated systems into better team players.
Impact of climatic parameters on milk production in murrah buffaloes

The impact of climatic parameters on milk production in Murrah buffaloes were investigated using monthly milk production record of 379 lactations of Murrah buffaloes in Dairy Farm, College of Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani during the years from 1985-2009. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to investigate various sources of variation for milk yield. The calving of Murrah buffaloes were not equally distributed in all seasons of the year. However the maximum number of calving occurred in winter season (44.59 per cent) followed by rainy season (31.40 per cent) and summer season (24.01 per cent). The influence of environmental factors on peak milk yield was significant (P< 0.01). It was observed that peak milk yield was highest (7.801 + 0.16 lit.) among the buffaloes calved during winter season as compared to rainy (7.35 + 0.14 lit.) and summer season (6.51 + 0.12 lit.). The influences of season of calving on lactation milk yield and lactation length were also significant. The highest milk yield and lactation length were also significant. The highest milk yield (1257.15 + 29.55 lit.) and longer lactation length (310.65 + 2.25 days) were observed among buffaloes calved during winter season. The buffaloes calved during winter, rainy and summer season had lactation yield of 1257.15 + 29.55 lit. , 1088.00 + 18.41 lit. and 982.42 + 15.56 lit. , respectively. It was also observed that buffaloes calved during winter season had longest lactation length (310.65 + 2.25 days). On the other hand rainy and summer calved buffaloes showed shorter lactation length (301.52 + 1.97 days) and (293.12 + 2.35 days) respectively.
Ecological, biomedical and epidemiological approaches to understanding oxidative balance and ageing: what they can teach each other

Summary 1. Oxidative stress and antioxidants have been studied in a number of disciplines, but these disciplines have not always been informed by each other’s work. 2. Here, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of oxidative stress and antioxidant research in the areas of (i) ecology, (ii) ageing research, (iii) epidemiology, and (iv) physiology of model organisms, with an emphasis on what ecologists can learn from and bring to other fields. 3. We find that physiologists provide an essential role in clarifying basic mechanisms, but that many of their findings are context-dependent. Ecologists and epidemiologists bring strengths in understanding the relevance of context, whether it is across species, environments, or diets. Ageing research has helped to provide a clear theoretical framework for all fields and has thus spurred much of the research to date. 4. Comprehensive understanding of the complexity of oxidative balance systems will rely on integration of knowledge of physiological pathways from studies of model organisms, knowledge of long-term interactions of many parameters from epidemiological studies, and knowledge of specificity and generality of results across species and conditions as gleaned from ecological studies. 5. Studies of ageing have helped to show that all fields of antioxidant/oxidative stress research should focus not on individual markers of oxidative damage or antioxidant status, but on how they integrate into oxidative balance systems. Free radicals can have beneficial roles in signalling as well as causing damage and should not be interpreted out of context.
Phase transformation of mixed‐phase clouds

The glaciation time of a mixed‐phase cloud due to the Wegener–Bergeron–Findeisen mechanism is calculated using an adiabatic one‐dimensional numerical model for the cases of zero, ascending, descending and oscillating vertical velocities. The characteristic values of the glaciation time are obtained for different concentrations of ice particles and liquid‐water content. Steady state is not possible for the ice‐water content/total water content ratio in a uniformly vertically moving mixed‐phase parcel. The vertical oscillation of a cloud parcel may result in a periodic evaporation and activation of liquid droplets in the presence of ice particles during infinite time. After a certain time, the average ice‐water content and liquid‐water content reach a steady state. This phenomenon may explain the existence of long‐lived mixed‐phase stratiform layers. The obtained results are important for understanding the mechanisms of formation and life cycle of mixed‐phase clouds. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society
Is the six-minute walk test correlated with disease control and quality of life in children with asthma?

To evaluate the changes in a 6-min walk test (6MWT) and quality of life (QoL) before and after asthma control is achieved in children. A 6MWT is used in the determination of disease severity in many chronic childhood diseases. Materials and methods: Thirty-six asthmatic children, aged 6 to 15 years, were enrolled before asthma control was achieved. Disease severity parameters during the previous 3 months were recorded. All of the children completed an asthma control questionnaire (ACQ) and received a symptom score; a 6MWT was performed during enrollment and 1 month later, when asthma control was achieved. Results: The initial and follow-up mean 6MWT distances were 500.2 ± 139.1 and 577.8 ± 147.9 m, respectively (P 0.05 for all). The initial ACQ score was significantly correlated with the symptom score and duration of asthma (rho = 0.62 vs. rho = -0.37). Conclusion: A 6MWT may be used in the functional assessment of children with uncontrolled asthma; it correlates with ACQ scores. The absence of a correlation between the 6MWT and patient-reported symptom severity or other clinical parameters may indicate the necessity to include a functional assessment into the clinical evaluation as well as QoL measures.
Resveratrol And Its Derivative Improves Oxidative Stress and Protects Against Alloxan- Induced Diabetics

Resveratrol is a non flavonoid polyphenol and it has three phenolic hydroxyl groups and shown to have its biological effects . Reactive oxygen species play a crucial role in the pathogens of diabetes and its complication, this study aims to examine the effects of resveratrol and its derivative on alloxan induced diabetics. Statistical analysis showed a significant decrease in SOD , GSH, Gpx, Zn and Cu concentration and significant increase in MDA level on diabetic rabbits p<0.05 , however diet supplemented with resveratrol derivative induced a significant increase of copper and zinc 1.43±0.01 ppm, 0.79 ± 0.02 ppm respectively after sixth weeks of treatment as compared with control 1.13 ± 0.03ppm, 0.66 ± 0.01ppm respectively. The administration of resveratrol derivative to rabbits resulted in the significant decrease of MDA levels after three weeks to 2.42±0.08 nanomole /ml and 1.56±0.02 nanomole/ml after sixth weeks as compared with control group 2.43 ± 0.2778 nanomole /ml. The diabetic rabbits presented a significant increase in the SOD activity after treatment by resveratrol derivative after sixth weeks 4.24 ± 0.02 U/ml as compared with control during the experimental period, glbcimide treated group show a significant decrease in SOD activity after sixth weeks . In addition, there was a significant increase in Gpx activity119.77±0.01 U/L in resveratrol derivative treated group after sixth weeks. In infected animals was a decrease level of GSH when drug and purified resveratrol treated rabbits, while resveratrol derivative has normal value after three weeks of treatment 11.17 ± 0.03 μ mole/L and 19.82 ±0.01 μ mole/L after sixth weeks. The results suggest thatresveratrol derivative may be helpful in preventing diabetic complications in rabbits.
DETAILED ANALYSIS OF 3D OCCUPANT KINEMATICS AND MUSCLE ACTIVITY DURING THE PRE-CRASH PHASE AS BASIS FOR HUMAN MODELING BASED ON SLED TESTS

Today, human models are frequently used for improvements in occupant and pedestrian protection. The models have been carefully prepared with respect to anthropometric and biomechanical validity but do not include muscle activity. Hence, primary safety issues cannot be addressed by the model, since during low loading the model is not stabilized by muscles. Therefore, the OM4IS (“Occupant Model for Integrated Safety”) project was initiated by a large consortium including scientific (Virtual Vehicle Research and Test Center, Graz University of Technology, Bundesanstalt fur Strasenwesen BASt) and industry (PDB, Bosch, Toyoda Gosei Europe, TRW, DYNAmore GmbH) to examine muscle activity from volunteer tests and implement the results in a human model. The second aim is to find movement patterns which will be integrated in the simulation to develop active restraint systems. The main focus in this project is set on two different driving maneuvers. The first one is an emergency braking maneuver the second one is a lane change maneuver. In a first step these two maneuvers were simulated with sled tests and later these maneuvers had been carried out with a real vehicle on a test track. The purpose of the sled tests was to generate first input data for the numerical simulation and to check if it is possible to measure necessary information without vehicle tests. A seat was fixed on a sled and accelerated longitudinally to simulate the emergency braking maneuver and afterwards turned by 90 degrees to simulate lateral loading. In total eleven volunteers, weight and hight correlated to the 50% male, were tested and analyzed. Kinematic analyses were performed using two different motion capturing systems, one infrared based system and one high-speed video system. Two different systems were chosen to evaluate the adaptability for vehicle tests. Additionally muscle activity was measured with surface EMG (Electromyography) for upper body muscles.First results showed a significant difference among volunteers. Repeated tests with the same volunteer showed minor differences. Movement patterns varied significantly between different tests. Detailed information concerning simulation is presented in a separate paper.
The Effect of Red Background Color on Willingness-to-Pay: The Moderating Role of Selling Mechanism

The authors investigate the effect of red backgrounds on willingness-to-pay in auctions and negotiations. Data from eBay auctions and the lab show that a red (vs. blue) background elicits higher bid jumps. By contrast, red (vs. blue) backgrounds decrease price offers in negotiations. An investigation of the underlying process reveals that red color induces aggression through arousal. In addition, the selling mechanism—auction or negotiation—alters the effect of color by focusing individuals on primarily competing against other bidders (in auctions) or against the seller (in negotiations). Specifically, aggression is higher with red (vs. blue or gray) color and, therefore, increases bid jumps in auctions but decreases offers in negotiations.
TSSD: Temporal Single-Shot Detector Based on Attention and LSTM

Temporal object detection has attracted significant attention, but most popular methods can not leverage the rich temporal information in video or robotic vision. Although many different algorithms have been developed for video detection task, real-time online approaches are frequently deficient. In this paper, based on attention mechanism and convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM), we propose a temporal single-shot detector (TSSD)for robotic vision. Distinct from previous methods, we aim to temporally integrate pyramidal feature hierarchy using ConvLSTM, and design a novel structure including a high-level ConvLSTM unit as well as a low-level one (HL-LSTM)for multi-scale feature maps. Moreover, we develop a creative temporal analysis unit, namely, ConvLSTM-based attention and attention-based ConvLSTM (A&CL), in which the ConvLSTM-based attention is specially tailored for background suppression and scale suppression while the attention-based ConvLSTM temporally integrates attention-aware features. Finally, our method is evaluated on ImageNet VID dataset. Extensive comparisons on detection performance confirm the superiority of the proposed approach, and the developed TSSD achieves a considerably enhanced accuracy vs. speed trade-off, i.e., 64.8% mAP vs. 27 FPS.