Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of donor pretreatment with dopamine on graft function after kidney transplantation: a randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT Kidney graft function after transplantation can be improved through pharmacological donor pretreatment to limit organ injury from cold preservation. OBJECTIVE To determine whether pretreatment of brain-dead donors with low-dose dopamine improves early graft function in human renal transplant recipients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS Randomized, open-label, multicenter, parallel-group trial of 264 deceased heart-beating donors and 487 subsequent renal transplants performed at 60 European centers between March 2004 and August 2007 (final follow-up, December 31, 2008). Eligible donors were stable under low-dose norepinephrine with a normal serum creatinine concentration on admission. INTERVENTIONS Donors were randomized to receive low-dose dopamine (4 mug/kg/min). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Dialysis requirement during first week after transplantation. RESULTS Dopamine was infused for a median of 344 minutes (IQR, 215 minutes). Dialysis was significantly reduced in recipients of a dopamine-treated graft. Fewer recipients in the treatment group needed multiple dialyses (56/227; 24.7%; 95% CI, 19.0%-30.3%; vs 92/260; 35.4%; 95% CI, 29.5%-41.2%; P = .01). The need for multiple dialyses posttransplant was associated with allograft failure after 3 years (HR, 3.61; 95% CI, 2.39-5.45; P < .001), whereas a single dialysis was not (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.21-2.18; P = .51). Besides donor dopamine (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.35-0.83; P = .005), cold ischemic time (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.11 per hour; P = .001), donor age (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05 per year; P < .001), and recipient body weight (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04 per kg; P = .009) were independent explanatory variables in a multiple logistic regression model. Dopamine resulted in significant but clinically meaningless increases in the donor's systolic blood pressure (3.8 mm Hg; 95% CI, 0.7-6.9 mm Hg; P = .02) and urine production before surgical recovery of the kidneys (29 mL; 95% CI, 7-51 mL; P = .009) but had no influence on outcome. CONCLUSION Donor pretreatment with low-dose dopamine reduces the need for dialysis after kidney transplantation. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00115115.
Incoming human papillomavirus 16 genome is lost in PML protein‐deficient HaCaT keratinocytes

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) target promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies (NBs) during infectious entry and PML protein is important for efficient transcription of incoming viral genome. However, the transcriptional down regulation was shown to be promoter‐independent in that heterologous promoters delivered by papillomavirus particles were also affected. To further investigate the role of PML protein in HPV entry, we used small hairpin RNA to knockdown PML protein in HaCaT keratinocytes. Confirming previous findings, PML knockdown in HaCaT cells reduced HPV16 transcript levels significantly following infectious entry without impairing binding and trafficking. However, when we quantified steady‐state levels of pseudogenomes in interphase cells, we found strongly reduced genome levels compared with parental HaCaT cells. Because nuclear delivery was comparable in both cell lines, we conclude that viral pseudogenome must be removed after successful nuclear delivery. Transcriptome analysis by gene array revealed that PML knockdown in clonal HaCaT cells was associated with a constitutive interferon response. Abrogation of JAK1/2 signaling prevented genome loss, however, did not restore viral transcription. In contrast, knockdown of PML protein in HeLa cells did not affect HPV genome delivery and transcription. HeLa cells are transformed by HPV18 oncogenes E6 and E7, which have been shown to interfere with the JAK/Stat signaling pathway. Our data imply that PML NBs protect incoming HPV genomes. Furthermore, they provide evidence that PML NBs are key regulators of the innate immune response in keratinocytes.
Trafficking of PfExp1 to the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane of Plasmodium falciparum is independent of protein folding and the PTEX translocon

Having entered the mature human erythrocyte, the malaria parasite survives and propagates within a parasitophorous vacuole, a membrane‐bound compartment separating the parasite from the host cell cytosol. The bounding membrane of this vacuole, referred to as the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM), contains parasite‐encoded proteins, but how these membrane proteins are trafficked to the PVM remains unknown. Here, we have studied the trafficking of PfExp1 to the PVM. We find that trafficking of PfExp1 to the PVM is independent of the folding state of the protein and also continues unabated upon inactivation of the PVM translocon Plasmodium Translocon of Exported proteins (PTEX). Our data strongly suggest that the trafficking of membrane proteins to the PVM occurs by as yet unknown mechanism, potentially unique to Plasmodium.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Personalized Surveillance After Colorectal Adenomatous Polypectomy

Lifetime risk of developing colorectal cancer is 5%, and 5-year survival at early stage is 92%. Individuals with precancerous lesions removed at primary screening are typically recommended surveillance colonoscopy. Because greater benefits are anticipated for those with higher risk of colorectal cancer, scope for risk-specific surveillance recommendations exists. This review assesses published cost-effectiveness estimates of postpolypectomy surveillance to consider the potential for personalized recommendations by risk group. Meta-analyses of incidence of advanced neoplasia postpolypectomy for low-risk cases were comparable to those without adenoma, with both rates under the lifetime risk of 5%. This group may not benefit from intensive surveillance, which risks unnecessary harm and inefficient use of often scarce colonoscopy capacity. Therefore, greater personalization through deintensified strategies for low-risk individuals could be beneficial. The potential for noninvasive testing, such as fecal immunochemical tests, combined with primary prevention or chemoprevention may reserve colonoscopy for targeted use in personalized risk-stratified surveillance. This review appraised evidence supporting a program of personalized surveillance in patients with colorectal adenoma according to risk group and compared the effectiveness of surveillance colonoscopy with alternative prevention strategies. It assessed trade-offs among costs, benefits, and adverse effects that must be considered in a decision to adopt or reject personalized surveillance.
Dietary Curcuma longa protects myocardium against isoproterenol induced hemodynamic, biochemical and histopathological alternations in rats

Summary: The present study was designed to investigate whether Curcuma longa (Cl), a natural herb, would attenuate the acute myocardial infarction in isoproterenol (ISP)-treated rat model via maintaining cardiac function and activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes. Haemodynamic parameters {systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure (SAP, DAP, MAP), heart rate (HR), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular (LV) peak positive (+) dP/dt (rate of pressure development) and negative (-) dP/dt (rate of pressure decline)}were recorded. Cardiac marker enzyme: Creatinine phosphokinase(CPK) and antioxidative parameters: Glutathione (GSH), Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) of heart tissues were measured. Histopathological examination of heart tissues was also performed. Induction of rats with ISP (85 mg/kg) on 29th and 30th day, s.c. resulted in significant cardiac necrosis, decline in cardiac function, antioxidant status and elevation in lipid peroxidation. Oral administration of Cl (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively) to healthy experimental animals (i.e. animals without any myocardial pathologic challenge viz. ISP) for 30 days significantly enhanced the basal myocardial levels of GSHPx (p<0.05), CAT (p<0.05) activity as compared to the sham group. Subsequent to ISP induced myocardial injury, Cl (100 & 200 mg/kg) pre-treatment for 30 days, resulted in significant mitigating effects on several myocardial injury induced biochemical {SOD (p<0.05), CAT(p<0.05), GSHPx(0.05), TBARS (p<0.05), CPK (p<0.05)}, hemodynamic {MAP(p<0.05),, LVEDP(p<0.05)} and histopathological perturbations. Cl (100 mg/kg) was found to be the optimum cardioprotective dose. The results indicate that chronic Cl administration causes myocardial adaptation by augmenting endogenous antioxidants and protects rat hearts from decline in cardiac function and oxidative stress associated with ISP induced myocardial injury. Industrial relevance : Nature has been a source of medicinal treatments for thousands of years and plant-derived products continue to play an essential role in the primary health care of about 80-85 % of the world’s population. Hence, these herbal extracts traditionally used have been evaluated scientifically in the present study with an aim to define the role of these agents in limiting the deleterious affects of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury by providing scientific data to validate their use as prophylactic approaches or as an adjunct to standard treatment (synthetic compounds employed in conventional treatment protocols) of ischemic heart disease. In terms of utilization by the pharmaceutical companies, research outcomes of this project may play a vital role in the development of new class of drugs that work in concert with the body's own defenses and have fewer side effects.
Effect of the planned therapeutic communication program on therapeutic communication skills of pediatric nurses

Background : Therapeutic communication is the basis of interactive relationships among health team and their patients: that affords opportunities to establish rapport, understand the client’s experience, formulate individualized or client interventions and optimize health care resources. Aim: this study was carried out to assess the effect of a planned therapeutic communication program on therapeutic communication skills of pediatric nurses. Methods : Setting: the study was carried out at Shebin El kom and Benha University hospitals. Research design: a quasi experimental research design was utilized. Sample: all staff nurses (132) who are working at the previously mentioned settings were included. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection. Tool one: a therapeutic communication questionnaire: consisting of two parts: (a) Socio-demographic structured questionnaire to obtain demographic data of the studied sample and (b) a structured therapeutic communication knowledge questionnaire to assess nurses’ knowledge pre and post therapeutic communication program. Tool two is a five points Likert-scale structured check list used to assess the degree of improvement in pediatric nurses’ skills and practice of therapeutic communication. Results : The results of this study showed a positive statistical significant correlation between total knowledge score and total practice score of nurses’ therapeutic communication skills at each measurement time (pre: r = 0.52, p < .00; post: r = 0.53, p < .001). Also, a highly statistical significant improvement in pediatric nurses’ knowledge, practice and skills regarding therapeutic communication was found p < . 001. Conclusions : It was concluded that pediatric nurses had significant improvement in their knowledge and skills regarding therapeutic communication with their hospitalized child patients after utilization of a planned therapeutic communication program. Recommendation: Continuously implement advanced therapeutic communication programs for pediatric nurses to enhance safe and healthy interactions, foster trust and improve recovery of their hospitalized children.
Effect of Transient Myocardial Ischemia on QT Interval Dispersion Among Patients with Unstable Angina

Objective : Our aim was to examine the effect of transient myocardial ischemia on QT interval and QT interval dispersion in patients presenting with unstable angina. Methods : We studied 31 patients (mean age 64±10, 22 men, 16 with an old myocardial infarction, 6 with previous coronary bypass surgery) admitted with unstable angina manifestations. Patients with a history of complex ventricular ectopy, malignant ventricular arrhythmias, advanced congestive heart failure or antiarrhythmic drug therapy were excluded. The uncorrected and corrected QT interval and QT dispersion were measured during angina as well as after the relief of pain. Results: The RR intervals were not significantly changed by the ischemic event (879±121 ms at rest to 877±173 ms during angina). However, both the uncorrected and corrected QT intervals were significantly increased during angina (from 410±45 ms and 440±41 ms at rest to 425±53 ms and 460±42 ms during angina respectively, p<0.05 for both). Similarly, both the uncorrected (QTd) and the corrected (QTcd) QT dispersion values were significantly prolonged during ischemia (QTd: 58±23 ms at rest to 83±33 ms during ischemia, p<0.001, QTcd: 63±26 ms at rest to 95±36 ms during ischemia, p<0.001). The observed increment in the QTd and QTcd provoked by ischemia was not different among the unstable angina patients with and without old myocardial infarction. Conclusion: Transient myocardial ischemia besides an increase in the QT and QTc intervals provokes an increase in both the corrected and uncorrected QT interval dispersion. Under certain circumstances, this may contribute to the genesis of serious reentry ventricular arrhythmias.
Attempts to Optimise Induction and Consolidation Chemotherapy in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: Results of the MRC AML15 Trial.

Abstract 484 On behalf of the NCRI AML Working Group, United Kingdom There is a general acceptance that survival in younger patients ( 75% relapse remains a problem. Optimisation of induction and defining the schedule and duration of post-induction chemotherapy remains important even as novel approaches such as antibody directed therapy or small molecule therapy are added. The MRC AML15 compared 3 induction chemotherapy schedules and 4 post induction options. In induction patients were randomised to two course of DA or ADE or FLAG-Ida. In each case patients were also eligible to be randomised to receive Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin (GO) or not, which has been separately reported. In consolidation patients were randomised to MRC schedule (MACE/MidAC) or two courses of High Dose Ara-C and for those randomised to Ara-C to a dose of 3g/m 2 or 1.5g/m 2 . Finally patients could be randomised to receive, or not, a 5 th course comprising Ara-C. Between October 2002 and January 2009, 1982 patients were randomised between DA (n=994) and ADE (n=988); up to May 2007, patients could also be randomised to FLAG-Ida; the randomised comparison with ADE recruited 1266 patients (FLAG-Ida n=635, ADE n=631). For part of the trial patients could be randomised to GO or not (306 patients in the DA v ADE and 297 in the FLAG-Ida v ADE comparisons were randomised). The median age of patients in the randomised comparisons was 49 years. Overall the ORR was 85% (CR 80%, CRi 5%) and the OS at 5 years is 43%. The randomisations were balanced for age, sex, performance status, de Novo/secondary disease, cytogenetics, white cell count, and GO allocation. With the exception of a suggestion of greater benefit on ORR with FLAG-Ida among patients given GO, overall outcomes were not affected by GO treatment. In consolidation 1445 patients were randomised between MRC (n=723) and HD Ara-C (n=722). Of the 723 Ara-C patients, 328 were randomised to 3g/m 2 and 329 to 1.5g/m 2 : 227 of the 1619 patients who received 4 courses were randomised for a 5 th course with 112 allocated 5 courses. Conclusions: There were no significant differences in the response rate between induction treatments. FLAG-Ida resulted in a reduced relapse rate but this was balanced by increased myelosuppression and deaths in CR resulting in no overall benefit in survival. No survival differences were seen in any of the post induction comparisons, but the MACE/MidAc arm produced more myelosuppression and required more supportive care, and led to increased death in remission. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
COMPARISON OF QUALITY OF LIFE AND COPING STRATEGIES IN DIABETIC AND NON DIABETIC PEOPLE

Introduction: Diabetic patients face with different physical and psychological challenging factors which impress their quality of life. The major problem of these patients, which has made their life circumstances more complicated, is coping and adapting styles with the illness. So, this study aimed to determine quality of life and also different kinds of coping strategies in patients with type 2 diabetes and also to compare it with those of healthy people. Methods: In this study, sixty diabetic patients (30 male, 30 female), were chosen by available sampling method from the people who referred to Sina Diabetes center in Tabriz and were compared with sixty non diabetic people (30 male, 30 female). Data were collected by two questionnaires including the short form health survey (SF-36) and coping style Inventories. MANOVA method was used to analyze the research data. Results: The s tudy results showed that non diabetics were significantly higher than diabetic patients in regard to quality of life and its dimensions (p<0.001). Also results revealed that non diabetic people used the problem–oriented styles (p<0.001), however diabetic patients used emotional-oriented coping and avoidance strategies more (p<0.05). In this study (in both groups), females in comparison with males had lower score in quality of life and used more emotion-oriented coping styles and less problem-oriented styles. Conclusion: The results indicated that individuals’ quality of life was affected by their coping style with different affairs. Emotional-oriented coping and avoidance strategies were related with decrease of quality of life in diabetic patients whereas problem-oriented styles enhanced it. Therefore, it is necessary to perform interventions for teaching problem solving coping in order to improve these patients' quality of
Implementation and Outcome of Thrombolysis with Alteplase 3 to 4.5 h After Acute Stroke in Chinese Patients

The European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS) III showed that intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) administered in the 3 to 4.5 h after symptom onset significantly improved clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). But little is known regarding the safety and efficacy of intravenous rtPA treatment within this extended time window in Chinese patients with AIS.
DNA beta-amyloid(1-42) trimer immunization for Alzheimer disease in a wild-type mouse model.

CONTEXT DNA beta-amyloid(1-42) (Abeta42) trimer immunization was developed to produce specific T helper 2 cell (T(H)2)-type antibodies to provide an effective and safe therapy for Alzheimer disease (AD) by reducing elevated levels of Abeta42 peptide that occur in the brain of patients with AD. OBJECTIVE To compare the immune response in wild-type mice after immunization with DNA Abeta42 trimer and Abeta42 peptide. DESIGN AND INTERVENTION Wild-type mice received either 4 microg of DNA Abeta42 trimer immunization administered with gene gun (n = 8) or intraperitoneal injection of 100 microg of human Abeta42 peptide with the adjuvant Quil A (n = 8). Titers, epitope mapping, and isotypes of the Abeta42-specific antibodies were analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Antibody titers, mapping of binding sites (epitopes), isotype profiles of the Abeta42-specific antibodies, and T-cell activation. RESULTS DNA Abeta42 trimer immunization resulted in antibody titers with a mean of 15 microg per milliliter of plasma. The isotype profile of the antibodies differed markedly. A predominant IgG1 antibody response was found in the DNA-immunized mice, indicating a T(H)2 type of immune response (IgG1/IgG2a ratio of 10). The peptide-immunized mice showed a mixed T(H)1/T(H)2 immune response (IgG1/IgG2a ratio of 1) (P < .001). No increased T-cell proliferation was observed in the DNA-immunized mice (P = .03). CONCLUSION In this preliminary study in a wild-type mouse model, DNA Abeta42 trimer immunization protocol produced a T(H)2 immune response and appeared to have low potential to cause an inflammatory T-cell response.
The quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Introduction: Quality of life is an important health outcome in its own right, representing the ultimate goal of all health interventions. Diabetes mellitus significantly affects the quality of life of patients. Objective: To evaluate the quality of life in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus in relation to the duration of the disease and the degree of glycemic control. Method: A prospective - descriptive study was conducted by interviewing patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, registered with two family medicine practices based at Family Medicine Teaching Center Banja Luka, as well as taking data from their medical records, during the period of 01.08 - 31.12. 2011. As the instruments for this research the questionnaire SF-36 (for assessing the quality of life) and general questionnaire that contained data on age, sex, disease duration, Body Mass Index (BMI), glucose and HbA1c values were used. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the duration of the disease. The first group included patients with a disease duration of up to 5 years, the second group with disease duration of 6-13 years and a third group of patients who have had diabetes 14 or more years. Results: The study included 95 patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus. There were 42 (44%) male patients and 53 (56%) female patients. The HbA1c values taken from the patient's health records were used as a parameter for the control of diabetes. The target HbA1c value of <6.5 mmol/L was found in only 13 patients, with a HbA1c 6.6 to 7.5 mmol/L in 44 patients, and a HbA1c value of over 7.5 mmol/L in 38 patients. In relation to the duration of disease, statistically significant differences between the formed groups in any of the functional areas were not found. Among patients in the groups formed according to the degree of glycemic control statistically significant differences were found in the following areas of functioning: energy/fatigue (p=0.006), emotional functioning (p=0.008), social functioning (p=0.040) and pain (p=0.042). Conclusion: The duration of the disease does not affect the quality of life of patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus, but degree of glycemic control is affecting the quality of life in patients. However patients with the best glycemic control did not have the best quality of life.
Food Intolerance and Food Aversion

Members Professor R. Hoffenberg, President, Royal College of Physicians Sir Douglas Black, Emeritus Professor of Medicine, Manchester University, and past President, Royal College of Physicians Dr M. Brook, Director of Research, Beecham Products, Middlesex Miss M. A. Conry, District Dietitian, The General Infirmary at Leeds Professor J. Edelman, Director of Research, The Lord Rank Research Centre, Buckinghamshire Dr A. Ferguson, Reader in Medicine and Hon. Consultant Gastroenterologist, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh Dr R. Finn, Consultant Physician, Royal Liverpool Hospital Dr J. Hubert Lacey, Senior Lecturer and Hon. Consultant Psychiatrist, St George's Hospital, London Dr J. V. Leonard, Senior Lecturer, Institute of Child Health, University of London Dr D. H. Shrimpton, Director-General, British Nutrition Foundation