Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synthesis Optimization of L-Aspartic acid β-hydroxamate by a novel Enzyme, β-Aspartyl-γ-glutamyl transferase

L-Aspartic acid β-hydroxamate or L-β-Aspartyl hydroxamate (BAH), water soluble- chemical compound currently obtains popularity due to its role in several important biochemical processes and to its bioactivities. The information regarding synthesis process of BAH is not available yet. Novel enzyme, β-aspartyl-γ-glutamyl transferase from Pseudomonas syringae can catalyze the transfer reaction of β-aspartyl moieties from β-aspartyl compounds to water or to hydroxylamine. In this study we describe the synthesis optimization of BAH using this novel enzyme. We prepared the L-β-aspartyl hydroxamate using L- asparagine as a donor substrate and hydroxylammonium chloride as an acceptor substrate. The effects of temperature, pH, concentrations of substrate donor and acceptor were investigated. Spectrophotometry and HPLC analyses were performed to determine the reaction products. The optimum synthesis reaction was observed in 60˚C. BAH synthesis was optimum at pH 6. The concentrations of donor and acceptor substrates affected the BAH production and the best concentrations of both substrates were 80 mM and 40 mM, respectively. The BAH production of 0.106 mM has been obtained under the optimized condition and it is approximately two-times higher than 0.047 mM produced under in standard reaction. In conclusion, biosynthesis of L-β-aspartyl hydroxamate using a novel enzyme, β- aspartyl-γ-glutamyl transferase from Pseudomonas syringae was successfully performed for the first time. Under the optimized conditions, two times higher L-β-aspartyl hydroxamate production was obtained.
THE EFFECT OF LOWER LIMB LOADING ON ECONOMY AND KINEMATICS OF SKATE ROLLER SKIING

It has been proposed that skate skiing economy and racing performance have improved as a result of lighter equipment. Despite the many studies that have found running and walking economy to improve with lighter shoes, there are no published studies that show any relationship between the mass of skate skiing equipment and markers of skate skiing performance. To investigate the effects of skate skiing equipment mass on markers of performance, this study added mass to the lower limbs of skate roller skiers and measured changes in economy and gross movement kinematics. Twelve male (Mean±SD; Age (yrs): 21.4±3.9) and eight female (Mean±SD; Age (yrs): 19.9±2.2) competitive cross-country skiers completed two laboratory visits to roller ski on an oversized treadmill. In the first visit, subjects completed a graded exercise test to determine their lactate threshold. In the second visit, subjects completed 5 minutes of roller skiing at a low work rate (2 m/s for women and 3 m/s for men both at 20) and a high work rate (2 m/s for women and 3 m/s for men both at 3.150) for each of the four limb loading conditions (0 g, 200 g, 400 g, and 600 g). Oxygen consumption (VO2), heart rate (HR), and cycle rate were measured during the last 2 minutes of each stage and used for analysis. There were no significant differences in HR, VO2, or cycle rate between any of the limb loading conditions at either work rate. However, cycle rate neared significance (P = 0.06), with increases in cycle rate observed during greater limb loading. Interestingly, VO2 and HR significantly increased throughout testing, independent of limb loading condition. The most notable increases were observed in HR values, and increases began within the very first testing stage. Thus, it is likely that the subjects experienced cardiovascular drift due to mild hyperthermia. The effects of hyperthermia might have masked the true effects of lower limb loading. Therefore, future studies still need to investigate the effects of lower limb loading on skate skiing economy and kinematics.
Determination of chromosomal regions affecting body weight and egg production in Denizli × White Leghorn F2 populations.

1Biyokimya Anabilim Dali, 2Genetik Anabilim Dali, 3Zootekni Anabilim Dali, 4Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastaliklari Anabilim Dali, Selcuk Universitesi, Veteriner Fakultesi, 5Selcuk Universitesi Ileri Teknoloji Arastirma ve Uygulama Merkezi (ILTEK), 42075, Konya, 6Bitlis Eren Universitesi, Saglik Yuksek Okulu, 13000, Bitlis, Turkiye, 7Kirgizistan-Turkiye Manas Universitesi, Veteriner Fakultesi Zootekni Anabilim Dali, 720044, Biskek, Kirgizistan Gelis: 09.11. 2012, Kabul: 06.12. 2012 *mnzmoglu@selcuk.edu. tr
Heritabilities and Genetic correlation, and sire and environment effects on meat production potential of Hanwoo cattle

Genetic parameters of live weight at slaughter (LWT), quantity index (QIX), yield grade (YGD), quality grade (QGD), pH of meat, and boiled meat tenderness in terms of mastication (BMAS), shear force (BSFR) and penetration(BPEN) in Hanwoo steers were estimated. Effects of sire, location and their interaction on these traits were also evaluated. Sire effects were found to be significant on all the traits studied except for pH and BSFR. The LWT, QIX and QGD were also significantly affected both by location and by interaction effect between sirexlocation. The BSFR and BPEN were significantly (p<0.01) affected by location but not significantly'by sirexlocation interaction. The boiled meat tenderness and pH were negatively correlated (rg and rp) with LWT, QIX and QGD. All the other traits were positively correlated with each other. Positive and high genetic correlation (+0.56) between LWT and QGD was obtained indicating that selection for LWT would improve QGD. The h 2 estimates were 0.43, 0.37, 0.37, 0.35 and 0.32 for QGD, LWT, pH, BSFR and BPEN, respectively.
Tubular micro- and nanostructures of TCO materials grown by a vapor-solid method

Microtubes and rods with nanopipes of transparent conductive oxides (TCO), such as SnO 2 , TiO 2 , ZnO and In 2 O 3 , have been fabricated following a vapor-solid method which avoids the use of catalyst or templates. The morphology of the as-grown tubular structures varies as a function of the precursor powder and the parameters employed during the thermal treatments carried out under a controlled argon flow. These materials have been also doped with different elements of technological interest (Cr, Er, Li, Zn, Sn). Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) measurements show that the concentration of the dopants achieved by the vapor-solid method ranges from 0.5 to 3 at. %. Luminescence of the tubes has been analyzed, with special attention paid to the influence of the dopants on their optical properties. In this work, we summarize and discuss some of the processes involved not only in the anisotropic growth of these hollow micro and nanostructures, but also in their doping.
Insurance, Entrepreneurial Start-Up, and Performance

Availability of (partial) insurance mechanisms is arguably important for the decision of (riskaverse) workers to start up a risky entrepreneurial venture. Using administrative data from Denmark, where unemployment insurance (UI) is available to both wage earners and self-employed on a voluntary basis, we estimate the causal effect of UI cover on the self-employment choice of wage earners after instrumenting for the UI choice. The instruments we use are based on a series of policy variations that took place at three points in time during an observation period spanning three decades: only UI covered individuals could under certain conditions qualify for an early retirement (ER) program. Changes (reforms) in the eligibility conditions of the program that affected different age groups differentially at these three different points in time identify the UI choice process. Results show that the causal effect of insurance on the probability of starting up a venture is positive for would-be entrepreneurs, in contrast to correlations in the data or uninstrumented estimates. Using firm data, we also investigate how the newly insurance-induced entrepreneurs fare relative to their uninsured peers. Results suggest that they survive longer, but are not more likely to employ any workers or to make higher or lower profits.
Spectral analysis of the XMM–Newton data of GX 339–4 in the low/hard state: disc truncation and reflection

We analyse all available observations of GX 339--4 by XMM-Newton in the hard spectral state. We jointly fit the spectral data by Comptonization and the currently best reflection code, relxill. We consider in detail a contribution from a standard blackbody accretion disc, testing whether its inner radius can be set equal to that of the reflector. However, this leads to an unphysical behaviour of the disc truncation radius, implying the soft X-ray component is not a standard blackbody disc. This appears to be due to irradiation by the hard X-rays, which strongly dominate the total emission. We consider a large array of models, testing, e.g., the effects of the chosen energy range, of adding unblurred reflection, and assuming a lamppost geometry. We find the effects of relativistic broadening to be relatively weak in all cases. In the coronal models, we find the inner radius to be large. In the lamppost model, the inner radius is unconstrained, but when fixed to the innermost stable orbit, the height of the source is large, which also implies a weak relativistic broadening. In the former models, the inner radius correlates with the X-ray hardness ratio, which is consistent with the presence of a truncated disc turning into a complete disc in the soft state. We also find the degree of the disc ionization to anti-correlate with the hardness, leading to strong spectral broadening due to scattering of reflected photons in the reflector in the softest studied states.
Detection of serologic prevalence of anti-CMV antibodies in thalassemia major patients and blood donors

Background and Objectives Cytomegalovirus (CMV)infection has been recognized as a complication of blood transfusion. Transfusion-related CMV infection produces dramatic problems in immunocompromised patients including organ transplantation recipients, AIDS patients under immunosuppressive therapy, thalassemia major patients, and premature neonates. Regarding the importance of this infection in multitransfused patients and differences in prevalence of transfusion – related CMV infection in various reports, especially in thalassemia major patients, we decided to detect and compare the prevalence of CMV antibodies in thalassemia patients and blood donors. Materials and Methods In this study we detected anti-CMV antibodies (IgG,IgM) by Elisa technique. We tested these antibodies in 55 thalassemia major patients (45 non-splenectomized and 10 splenectomized) and 1040 healthy donors. Results Our results showed that anti-CMV IgG antibody was positive in 89.6% of control group and 100% of thalassamic group, thus indicating of no significant difference in these two groups. Anti-CMV IgM antibody was positive in 0.04% of control group and in 9.1% of thalassemic group showing a significant difference. The prevalence of this antibody was respectively 30% and 4.5% in splenectomized and non-splenectomized groups of patients. Conclusions Absence of significant difference of anti-CMV IgM antibody in patient and control group reflected high frequency of this infection in our population and also the importance of the use of leukocyte free products for high risk blood recipients. Moreover, the significant difference in anti-CMV IgM antibody in splenectomized and non-splenectomized patient groups is related to the role of spleen in clearance of infectious agents and production of IgM antibody in
Some Thoughts about the Teleostean Fish Conceptthe-Paracanthopterygii

The brief history of the Paracanthopterygii is reviewed.Some relevant problems are discussed with the view that these aspects have not received sufficient attention or that their interpretations are equivocal with present data.No new information is presented.The group-concept is accepted as a reasonable hypothesis on which to base further testing.Nevertheless,the present constituents,in their sum, seem to be an unnatural group.The polymixioids and indostomoids are rejected as part of the overall group.The relationship of the gobiesocoids,gobioids and ophidioids,as part of the Paracanthopterygii,are seen as tentative hypotheses either lacking strong evidence or with unexplained evidence against inclusion.The Ophidioidei are removed from the Gadiformes.Two other groups,the notothenioids and callionymoids,should also be studied. Basic objections center on the acceptance of present myological and neurological evidence as being more than preliminary.Fundamental understanding of possible trends in these characters has not reached the level that is present in osteology.The effects of mode of life and plasticity of the myological and neurological systems are not yet known in detail.
Observations on the pupal productivity of Culex tritaeniorhynchus in rice fields of West Bengal, India: implications for vector management (Diptera: Culicidae)

The mosquito Culex tritaeniorhychus is an established vector of Japanese encephalitis in India and many Asian countries. Entomological monitoring enables estimation of the abundance of the vector mosquitoes and therefore aids in vector management and disease control. In compliance with this proposition, an assessment of the pupal productivity of the mosquito C. tritaeniorhynchus was made from selected rice fields of West Bengal, India. The results are expected to provide the present status of mosquitoes in an endemic region of Japanese encephalitis. In course of sampling of the rice fields, the mosquito C. tritaeniorhyhchus was found in abundance with other mosquitoes like Culex bitaeniorhynchus , Anopheles subpictus, Anopheles vagus, Anopheles barbirostris . Application of multivariate analysis indicated that the plant height, water depth and temperature could explain the variations in the pupal productivity of C. tritaeniorhynchus in rice fields. The correspondence of the immature abundance of C. tritaeniorhynchus with plant height suggests persistence of the population throughout the paddy rice cultivation period. Using the plant height as an indicator, the abundance of the mosquito C . tritarniorhynchus can be predicted enabling application of appropriate strategies for population intervention and thus the possibility of the disease.
The Effect of Defined Benefit Pension Plans on the American Steel Industry

This study analyzes 42 American steel industry firms between the years 2006-2015. Analysis relating the information content of accounting earnings to stock prices for the full sample indicates that there is significant positive correlation between earnings and stock price for the firms in total. When the sample is portioned between firms that contain underfunded pension plans and firms that do not, the underfunded plan firms earnings are not significantly related to stock price. Those firms with pension plans not underfunded are significantly related to stock price, and are positive in their correlation. The firms are then assessed against the DJIA 30 firms during the test period. Findings show greater positive correlation between earnings and stock prices for the DJIA firms. When a subsample comparing underfunded firms in each group are assessed, samples from both groups show a reduced correlation and DJIA firms are still positive and significant in correlation, but the steel industry firms show no significance at conventional levels. A subsample of firms from each group with pension plans not underfunded are then analyzed. Both groups are significant and positive in correlation between earnings and stock price, but the DJIA firms still possess an edge in information content.
China's Outward FDI and Resource-Seeking Strategy: A Case Study on Chinalco and Rio Tinto

The scale and frequency of foreign direct investment (FDI) in foreign mining companies by China's large state-owned enterprises (SOEs) is still not well explained by existing investment or international business theories. This paper advances and verifies two important theoretical propositions. First, the efforts of China's big businesses to “go global” can be thought of as being part of a national power-building globalisation strategy. Second, facilitated by extended protection from the state, reaching beyond China's national boundaries, China's large SOEs raise investment capital and take risks that their foreign competitors do not. This paper uses Chinalco as a case study to illustrate these propositions.
In Search of Teaching Quality of EFL Student Teachers through Teaching Practicum: Lessons from a Teacher Education Program

This study was intended to investigate the teaching quality of student teachers when they conducted their teaching practicum. Teaching quality is conceptualised based on eight classroom factors (orientation, structuring, modelling, application, questioning, building classroom as a learning environment, assessment, and time management) of the dynamic model, which have previously been found to affect student outcomes. The study used a mixed-methods design: a survey on students’ perceptions of the teaching quality of their teacher (student teachers) and classroom observation. The study was conducted in Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia, involving English as a Foreign Language (EFL) student teachers in the EnglishEducation Program, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Indonesia and 199 students of three different schools. The findings revealed that the student teachers did not yet practice the classroom factors of the dynamic model. Some recommendations include incorporating the classroom factors of the dynamic model in the curriculum or syllabus related to pedagogical skills to better prepare teachers in the future. It is also beneficial to study the possibility of sending student teachers to school earlier not only for the teaching practicum but also for other relevant purposes.
The Advantages and Disadvantages of SmartPLS Software

This paper describes the Partial Least Square model to test the robustness and value of the statistical evaluation. The test is to evaluate the fit of the model for a small sample. The statistical data is calculated with the SmartPLS software. SmartPLS is a tool created for statistical analysis, namely PLS – SEM (Structural Equation Model). The paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of SmartPLS and provides an argument for the use of SmartPLS in the scientific world. At the moment the use of SmartPLS in science concentrates mainly in the information technology field and the marketing area. The authors describe the use of SmartPLS for the human resources area which is a new field for SmartPLS software. The paper further describes the validity and reliability for PLS – SEM.
Effect of genotype, flesh colour and environment on the glycoalkaloid content in potato tubers from integrated agriculture

Urban J., Hamouz K. , Lachman J., Pulkrábek J., Pazderů K. (2018): Effect of genotype, flesh colour and environment on the glycoalkaloid content in potato tubers from integrated agriculture. Plant Soil Environ. , 64: 186–191. The main aim of the study was evaluation of the content of α-solanine, α-chaconine and total glycoalkaloids (TGA) in fourteen new potato cultivars with purple and red flesh in comparison with yellowand white-fleshed control potatoes cultivated in a friendly way in integrated agriculture. The results were obtained from three-year trials on two locations. TGA levels in tubers’ flesh ranged from 33.69 to 167.77 mg/kg fresh matter (FM), and the ratio of α-chaconine to α-solanine from 1.18 to 3.78. No TGA safety limit was exceeded for any cultivar. The glycoalkaloids content was not significantly influenced by flesh colour, whereas the cultivar genotype had a decisive influence on their content. Eight cultivars with coloured flesh yielded a more favourable lower TGA content in comparison with the yellow-fleshed control cv. Agria (86.3 mg/kg FM); on the contrary six cultivars showed higher TGA values. The highest average TGA content was found in the purple-fleshed Bora Valley cultivar (165 mg/kg FM), the lowest was found in the red-fleshed Red Emmalie cultivar (43.6 mg/kg FM), whereas the white-fleshed cv. Russet Burbank reached 67.0 mg/kg FM. The glycoalkaloid content was significantly affected by location and year weather conditions.
Emotional Intelligence and Transactional Leadership performance Case study â€“ KPMG Vietnam

This study investigates the relationship between Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Transactional Leadership performance using KPMG Vietnam as a case study to evaluate the most suitable model for their organisational leadership and the extent EI could influence the success of transactional leadership within the company. Primary research in the forms of interviews for qualitative (main) and questionnaires for quantitative (ancillary) analysis coupled with secondary research (prior research) is used in this study. Thematic themes are extracted from the qualitative finding and supported by the quantitative survey results analysed with SPSS. Results reveal KPMG Vietnam uses a combined model between The Goleman model (1998) and The Bar â€“ On model (1997).
Bank Efficiency, Financial Depth, and Economic Growth

The positive relation between financial development and economic growth seems to have weakened in recent years and when analyzing only developed countries. We suggest here that banks' relative ability to intermediate funds cost-efficiently is a quality-based measure of financial development that complements conventional quantity-based measures. We test this quality finance-growth nexus for a comprehensive sample of more than 100 countries during 1996-2005. We find an independent and economically significant effect of higher mean cost efficiency for economic growth, suggesting that the interaction between better banking and deeper capital markets is indeed most beneficial. However, conditional marginal effects imply that the positive effects of deepening capital markets are only significant beyond a certain efficiency threshold of approximately 70 percent.
Genetic parameters of growth traits in Nellore cattle 1 Parâmetros genéticos de características de crescimento de bovinos da raça Nelore

This study evaluated non-genetic factors and calculated heritability estimates of direct and maternal effects for growth traits in Nellore cattle raised in southern Brazil. Performance records of 4170, 1538, 3139, 1830, and 1151 calves born from 2005 to 2011 were analyzed for birth weight (BW), adjusted120day weight (W120), adjusted 205-day weight (W205), adjusted365-day weight (W365), and adjusted 550-day weight (W550), respectively. The components of (co)variance used to calculate heritability estimates were determined by Derivative-Free Restricted Maximum Likelihood using the MTDFREML software. Contemporary groups were included in the model as fixed effects, and direct and maternal effects, permanent environmental effects, and residual errors were included as random effects. Phenotypic correlations were estimated using the PROC CORR procedure from SAS. Overall means for BW, W120, W205, W365, and W550 were 38, 138, 201, 270, and 376 kg, respectively. Heritability estimates for direct and maternal effects were 0.17 ± 0.04 and 0.11 ± 0.03 (BW), 0.14 ± 0.03 and 0.03 ± 0.04 (W120), and 0.17 ± 0.04 and 0.09 ± 0.03 (W205). Genetic, phenotypic, and environmental correlations were 0.79, 0.44, and 0.32 for BW and W120, 0.79, 0.39, and 0.26 for BW and W205, and 0.96, 0.74, and 0.75 for W120 and W205. The results indicate that selection for pre-weaning weight would be more efficient using W205, and genetic correlation coefficients indicate that selection at any age should produce a positively correlated response at older ages. Genetic, phenotypic, and environmental correlation coefficients between W365 and W550 were 0.99, 0.75, and 0.76, respectively. Selection for adjusted 550-day weight should produce the greatest genetic gains. Genetic correlation coefficients between weight traits indicate that selection for weight at older ages, which could help reduce the number of weighings and increase accuracy of selection at younger ages, produces gains at older ages.