Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of SIRT2 by Chronic Stress Reduces Expression of Synaptic Plasticity-related Genes through the Upregulation of Ehmt2

Silent information regulator 2 (Sirtuin2 / SIRT2) is a NAD+-dependent deacetylase that regulates the cellular oxidative stress response. It modulates transcriptional silencing and protein stability through deacetylation of target proteins including histones. Previous studies have shown that SIRT2 plays a role in mood disorders and hippocampus-dependent cognitive function, but the underlying neurobiological mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we report that chronic stress suppresses SIRT2 expression in the hippocampus. Molecular and biochemical analyses indicate that the stress-induced decrease in the SIRT2 expression downregulates synaptic plasticity-related genes in the hippocampus through the increase of euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 (Ehmt2) (also known as G9a). shRNA-mediated knockdown of SIRT2 in the dentate gyrus alters the expression of synaptic plasticity-related genes in a way similar to those induced by chronic stress, and produces depression-like behaviors. Our results indicate that SIRT2 plays an important role in the response to stress, thereby modulating depression-like behaviors.
Airway disease on chest computed tomography of preschool children with cystic fibrosis is associated with school‐age bronchiectasis

Airway wall thickening and mucus plugging are important characteristics of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease in the first 5 years of life.The aim of this study is to investigate the association of lung disease in preschool children (age, 2‐6) with bronchiectasis and other clinical outcome measures in the school age (age >7). Deidentified computed tomography‐scans were annotated using Perth‐Rotterdam annotated grid morphometric analysis for CF. Preschool %disease (a composite score of %airway wall thickening, %mucus plugging, and %bronchiectasis) and %MUPAT (a composite score of %airway wall thickening and %mucus plugging) were used as predictors for %bronchiectasis and several other school‐age clinical outcomes. For statistical analysis, we used regression analysis, linear mixed‐effects models and two‐way mixed models. Sixty‐one patients were included. %Disease increased significantly with age (P < .01). Preschool %disease and %MUPAT were significantly associated with school‐age %bronchiectasis (P < .01 and P < .01, respectively). No significant association was found between preschool %disease and %MUPAT and school‐age forced expiratory volume 1 (FEV1%) predicted and quality of life (P > .05). Cross‐sectional, %disease in school‐age was associated with a low FEV1% predicted and low quality of life (P = .01 and P = .007, respectively). %Disease can be considered an early marker of diffuse airways disease and is a risk factor for school‐age bronchiectasis.
Low rate of co-infection in complicated infectious mononucleosis.

INTRODUCTION It remains unclarified if bacterial co-infection is common in patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) and acute tonsillitis and/or peritonsillar abscess (PTA). Recent studies suggest that Fusobacterium necrophorum is a prevalent pathogen in acute tonsillitis and PTA. We hypothesised that this anaerobe may play a significant role for the aggravated infection and the development of PTA among teenagers and young adults with IM. METHODS All patients with IM and clinical findings of acute tonsillitis or PTA admitted to our department in the 2001-2015 period were included in the study. RESULTS In total, 257 patients with IM and acute tonsillitis (n = 220) or PTA (n = 37) were included. Positive bacterial cultures were obtained in 28% of patients with AT and in 50% with PTA. The most prevalent bacterial findings were Group C/G streptococci (14%) among patients with acute tonsillitis and Staphylococcus aureus (22%) in patients with PTA. F. necrophorum was recovered in 9% and 2% of patients with acute tonsillitis and PTA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We were unable to substantiate a prevalent role for F. necrophorum in patients with IM and acute tonsillitis/PTA. S. aureus may play a role in PTA development in patients IM. The majority of our findings did not support the use of antibiotics in patients with IM, even in this selected group of patients with severe symptoms and a high risk of PTA. FUNDING This work was funded by the Lundbeck Foundation (Grant number R185-2014-2482). TRIAL REGISTRATION The Danish Data protection Agency approved the project.
CHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL INDICATION OF THE STATE OF LODGEPOLE PINE AND SCOTS PINE IN RESTORED OIL SHALE OPENCAST MINING AREAS IN ESTONIA

Experimental comparative investigations of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) plantations were carried out on exhausted oil shale opencast sites in Estonia, with the aim to assess the perspectives to avoid monocultures and to broaden the species list in the recultivation of areas destroyed by mining. The levelled detritus of the Narva opencast (59o15' N, 27o48' E) is characterized by rather extreme growth conditions for conifers: very alkaline (pH > 8.0) and stony substrate, lack of N in soil, destroyed water regime etc. The concentrations of nutrients vary in the growth substrate between plots and under different species. The needles of Scots pine contain more P, K, Ca than the needles of lodgepole pine. Comparison of the nutrient composition of two conifer species in 21–23-yearold plantations showed the deficiency of N, P and K and optimal concentrations of Ca an Mg in needles. Research indicated that lodgepole pine and Scots pine differ in their needle and shoot biomass as lodgepole pine formed longer and heavier needles and shorter and thicker shoots than Scots pine. Regardless of unfavourable soil conditions a good growth of stands have developed on levelled opencasts. From a practical point of view and taking into account the aim of the present study, besides the native Scots pine lodgepole pine from the list of introduced tree species for recultivation of oil shale opencast mining areas may be promising.
GATT/WTO membership does promote international trade after all – Some new empirical evidence

The declared objective of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) is to promote free trade between member states. Nonetheless, an exhaustive study of bilateral merchandise trade based on a large panel data set led Rose (2004) to conclude that there is no compelling empirical evidence to show that GATT/WTO membership does actually encourage international trade. This unanticipated finding generated a great deal of attention in the literature and several scholars put forward various explanations for it. In this paper we set up a new international trade data set which, unlike Rose’s, allows us to model exports and imports separately and to study the extensive margin of trade, i.e., the number of bilateral trade relationships. Using this data set and a gravity framework, first we demonstrate how to obtain puzzling negative results and so explain the previous unintuitive findings. Then we show that GATT/WTO membership does indeed encourage international trade, so the most obvious reason for Rose’s negative outcome is the lack of zero bilateral trade observations in his data set.
On-orbit absolute blackbody emissivity determination using the heated halo method

We present a novel method to measure the absolute spectral emissivity of a blackbody cavity in situ using the heated halo, a broadband thermal source. Laboratory demonstrations have yielded spectral emissivity measurements of a 0.999 emissivity blackbody that are in agreement with results based on Monte Carlo ray trace modelling. The combined uncertainty of the measurement is less than 4 × 10−4 (k = 3) in the 580 cm−1 to 2800 cm−1 spectral range. This is equivalent to a detection limit of 11 mK in the error in radiance temperature for a calibration blackbody (at 330 K, 1500 cm−1) due to blackbody cavity emissivity drift. These results provide the experimental foundation for this technology to be implemented on satellite instruments and thus eliminate a key, time-dependent, systematic error from future measurements on-orbit.
The N‐terminal D1 domain of Treponema pallidum flagellin binding to TLR5 is required but not sufficient in activation of TLR5

Syphilis is a chronic bacterial infection caused by Treponema pallidum (T pallidum) and the pathogenesis that T pallidum infection induces immunopathological damages in skin and other tissues remains unclear. We have previously reported that recombinant flagellins of T pallidum can elicit IL‐6 and IL‐8 transcriptions via TLR5 pathway. To identify the domains which induced the pro‐inflammatory activity and the importance of the interactions between TLR5 and domains, homology‐based modelling and comparative structural analyses revealed that Tpflagellins can combine with TLR5 directly. Deletion mutations showed that the ND1 domain binding to TLR5 is required but not sufficient in TLR5 activation. Moreover, site‐directed mutagenesis analysis indicated that the arginine residue (Tpflagellins R89) of the ND1 domain and its adjacent residues (Tpflagellins L93 and E113) constitute a hot spot that elicits IL‐6, IL‐8 transcriptions and TLR5 activation, and affects the binding of Tpflagellins to TLR5. Taken together, these results give insight into the pathogenesis of T pallidum and may contribute to the future design of Tpflagellins‐based therapeutics and syphilis vaccine.
Effects of agility, change of direction and combination training on agility in adolescent football players

Salmela, V. 2018. Effect of agility, change of direction, and combination training on agility in adolescent football players, University of Jyväskylä, Master’s thesis, pp.76, 5 appendices. Agility is defined as a rapid whole-body movement with change of direction or velocity in response to a stimulus. Only a few studies have investigated the influence of different training interventions on agility in adolescent athletes. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of three training interventions on agility in adolescent football players. Thirty male adolescent football players (age 13.6±0.5 years), from three different teams, participated in the study. Teams were randomly divided into one of the three training groups; an agility training group (AG, n=14), a change of direction group (CODG, n=8), and a combination group (COMB, n=8). Each group participated into two intervention sessions a week, on top of their normal football training. The testing included isometric leg press, reactive strength index test, 20m sprint, change of direction (Y-test) and football specific reactive agility test. The AG and CODG groups improved their agility performance significantly during the intervention. The improved agility performance may be partly due to improved stretch shortening cycle utilization, and improved reaction time during the agility task. Both of these were likely increased by the pre-activation of leg muscles and leg stiffness, which shortened contact time and the propulsive impulse produced during the agility task. In conclusion, it is important to train both the movement and reaction aspects of agility when the aim is to improve agility performance. Muscle strength also plays a crucial role in agility, especially in adolescent athletes. Therefore coaches should also aim to improve the strength of their athletes.
miR‐215‐5p is an anticancer gene in multiple myeloma by targeting RUNX1 and deactivating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway

This study examined the underlying mechanism of miR‐215‐5p in multiple myeloma (MM) at the molecular level. miR‐215‐5p was upregulated in bone marrow specimens of patients with MM and MM cell lines through real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and downregulation of miR‐215‐5p was related to poor survival of patients with MM. The results of Western blot assay showed that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was activated in bone marrow specimens of patients with MM. miR‐215‐5p was found to negatively correlate with runt‐related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) expression in MM clinical bone marrow samples. Therefore, to test the probable mechanisms of the regulation of MM cell proliferation and apoptosis, a miR‐215‐5p mimics/inhibitors/negative control was transfected into MM cells. The targets of miR‐215‐5p were estimated using four bioinformatics databases (including miRDB, miRTarBase, Starbase, and Targetscan). Furthermore, enrichment analyses of gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genomes pathway were carried out at the Enrichr website. Cell viability was detected using the MTT method, while apoptosis and cell cycle were measured using flow cytometry. RUNX1, CDK2, CDC25B, cleaved‐caspase‐3, cleaved‐PARP, p‐PI3K, PI3K, p‐AKT, AKT, p‐mTOR as well as mTOR protein were also investigated using Western blot analysis. According to our findings, miR‐215‐5p overexpression could induce apoptosis while rendering cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and reducing the proliferation of cells. Meanwhile, miRNA‐215‐5p could negatively regulate messengerRNA and protein levels of RUNX1 in MM cells. In addition, there was a similar effect in cell proliferation and apoptosis after miR‐215‐5p mimics or siRNA‐RUNX1 transfection. miR‐215‐5p inhibition inhibited apoptosis while increased the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR proteins, whereas, miR‐215‐5p overexpression increased cell proliferation. Therefore, miR‐215‐5p inhibited MM cell apoptosis via targeting RUNX1 and suppressing the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Characterization of an Alkaline Metalloprotease Secreted by the Entomopathogenic Bacterium Photorhabdus Sp. Strain EK1

A p urified a lkaline protease from entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus sp. Strain EK1 (PhPrtPI), a ba cterium pathogenic f or i nsects and is symbiotic wi th an Egyptian nem atode of the genus Heterorhabditis, has been characterized. The enzyme has a mo lecular wei ght of 25 and 23kDa f or nat ive and denatured enzyme, re spectively; suggesting that t he enzyme is monomeric. PhPrtPI had an o ptimum temperature at 40 C for both enzyme activity and s tability. The activation energy for the hydrolysis of o
Blood Flow Suppresses Vascular Anomalies in a Zebrafish Model of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations.

RATIONALE Pathological biomechanical signaling induces vascular anomalies including cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM), which are caused by a clonal loss of CCM1/KRIT1, CCM2/MGC4607, or CCM3/PDCD10. Why patients typically experience lesions only in lowly-perfused venous capillaries of the cerebrovasculature is completely unknown. OBJECTIVE In contrast, animal models with a complete loss of CCM proteins lack a functional heart and blood flow and exhibit vascular anomalies within major blood vessels as well. This finding raises the possibility that hemodynamics may play a role in the context of this vascular pathology. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we used a genetic approach to restore cardiac function and blood flow in a zebrafish model of CCM1. We find that blood flow prevents cardiovascular anomalies including a hyperplastic expansion within a large Ccm1-deficient vascular bed, the lateral dorsal aorta. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies blood flow as an important physiological factor that is protective in the etiology of this devastating vascular pathology.
EFFECT OF HIGH ELECTROSTATIC ACTUATION ON THERMOELASTIC DAMPING IN THIN RECTANGULAR MICROPLATE RESONATORS

In this paper, a micro resonator is modeled as a thin rectangular microplate with ther- moelastic damping that is actuated electrostatically. Large static deformation due to high polarization voltage is considered, and vibration of microplate occurs around the static de- flection. Due to the effect of thermoelastic damping, the frequency of vibration is a complex value that is used to determine the quality factor of thermoelastic damping. Also, the pull-in voltage is considered because nonlinear properties are more appeared when approaching the polarization voltage to the pull-in voltage.
Bending of an elastic rectangular clamped plate using Bergan-Wang approach

Bergan-Wang approach has one governing equation in one variable only, namely the transverse deflection of a moderately thick plate. This approach faces no numerical difficulties as the thickness becomes very small. The solution of a fully clamped rectangular plate is presented using two different series solutions. The results of a square plate are compared with the results of the classical plate theory, Reissner-Mindlin theory and the three dimensional theory of elasticity for different aspect ratios. Two types of clamped boundary conditions are investigated. The obtained results show that Bergan-Wang approach gives good agreement for both very thin and moderately thick plates.
Consumer Behaviour Model on the Furniture Market

This study introduces the furniture purchasing behaviour model. The study describes the behaviour model and characteristics of decision making and the environmental factors affecting the individuals besides emphasising the family character of furniture purchase. We introduce a chapter from the primary research verifying the model that analyses the validity of customer behaviour trends defined as elements of the impersonal environment on the furniture market. We touch on our lifestyle based segmentation model which is elaborated in our work in detail. The method of primary research is quantitative, personal interview. While working out our research model we applied a method that enables multi-level cross-section and cohort analyses. Our work has verified the need for trend researches on the furniture market so we suggest the construction and the near-future launch of a trend research system consisting of several modules that reveals the specific factors on the furniture market besides verifying the validity of general behaviour trends.
Predictors of voice outcome in pediatric non‐selective laryngeal reinnervation

Non‐selective laryngeal reinnervation (NSLR) using the ansa cervicalis to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a promising treatment option for pediatric unilateral neuronal vocal fold movement impairment (VFMI). The aim is to describe our clinical outcomes with this technique and to identify preoperative characteristics that may predict postoperative voice outcomes.
Peak Moments of Physical Mobile Interaction Techniques Completed Research Paper

Users are able to connect their mobile phones to nearby objects using four common physical mobile interaction techniques: pointing, touching, scanning, and typing manual input. A set of prior user studies has compared these techniques, but none of the comparison studies have included a more recent form of the pointing technique: image recognition. We investigate users’ peak-moment experiences while using physical mobile interaction techniques, including image recognition, by applying the critical incident technique (CIT). As a result, we present a comprehensive categorization for sources of user perceptions, describe the differences between the techniques, and position image recognition among other techniques. Our study adds a source category – achievement – that prior comparison studies have not covered. Also, we discovered that control is a crucial issue for users, even though it is often understated in prior comparison studies.
Effectiveness of Arginine Supplementation on Wound Healing in Older Adults in Acute and Chronic Settings: A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of arginine supplementation on wound healing, as measured by wound size and healing rate, in older adults in acute and long-term care (LTC) settings. DATA SOURCES PubMed, CINAHL Plus, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey databases. STUDY SELECTION Randomized clinical trials and clinical studies were considered for this review. Selection criteria included English-language articles published after 2008 that provide data on older adults with pressure injury receiving arginine supplementation in acute care and LTC settings. DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted from the articles using a predefined checklist including study size and design, participant characteristics (age, pressure injury stage, relevant comorbidities), nutrition intervention and dosage, duration of study, outcomes, and publication year. Studies were appraised using the National Institutes of Health's Quality Assessment of Controlled Intervention Studies tool. DATA SYNTHESIS A preliminary search yielded 39 articles after removing duplicates. Abstracts and titles of articles were screened, and 23 full-text articles were examined further. Ultimately, six articles met the inclusion criteria. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence suggests that arginine supplementation in conjunction with oral nutrition supplementation may promote wound healing in older adult patients in acute care and LTC settings as evidenced by significant reductions in wound size and improvements in wound healing when compared with oral nutrition supplementation alone. A definitive conclusion about the use of arginine supplementation alone to promote wound healing cannot be drawn because of limitations in the available literature. Additional high-quality studies are needed to examine arginine supplementation alone as a potential therapy for PI.
Pathological Findings of Cholelithiasis in Two Horses

Despite of being a relatively rare disease in horses, cholelithiasis is the most common cause of biliary obstruction in this species. Simultaneous intrahepatic and extrahepatic gallstones are the most frequent presentation. Usually, there are no clinical signs associated with this condition, although biliary obstruction could occur as a consequence. Two cases of cholelithiasis in horses, including gross and histopathological findings are described. In one of the cholelithiasis cases there was no association with clinical signs or cause of death, but in the other one, chronic loss of weight may have been caused by cholelithiasis.