Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of sex differences and knee joint position on electrical stimulation-modulated strength increases.

This study examined the influence of sex differences and knee joint position on the effectiveness of isometric electrical stimulation in improving isometric and isokinetic strength. Twenty-seven females and 28 male subjects were assigned to either a control group (C) that received no electrical stimulation, to an experimental group that received stimulation of the quadriceps with the knee flexed at 65 degrees (EF), or to an experimental group that received electrical stimulation of the quadriceps with the knee fully extended (EE). Experimental subjects received 15 min of electrical stimulation 3 times/wk for a total of 6 wk. Before and after the study, knee extension strength was measured with a Cybex II, isometrically at 65 degrees of knee flexion and isokinetically at 30 degrees . s-1, 60 degrees . s-1, 90 degrees . s-1, and 120 degrees s-1. Multivariate analysis of covariance, using the pretests as the covariate, revealed no sex differences in responsiveness to electrical stimulation. EF was superior to EE at 30 degrees . s-1 and 120 degrees . s-1 in females and at 120 degrees . s-1 in males (P less than 0.05). Male and female EF was superior to C in all tests. EE was higher than C at isometric, 30 degrees . s-1, 90 degrees . s-1, and 120 degrees . s-1 in females and at isometric and 30 degrees . s-1 in males. These data suggest that electrical stimulation at the quadriceps can increase isometric and isokinetic strength and may be more effective in improving isokinetic strength if the knee is flexed during treatment.
Congenital malformations in Assam

Aim: To determine the annual incidence of congenital malformations in Assam and to analyze the data. Materials and Methods: Data regarding babies born with congenital malformations in the state of Assam during the year 2006 were obtained through questionnaires and analyzed. The results were compared with similar Indian data. Results: The overall incidence of congenital malformation was 0.08%. This was considerably lower than similar published data from other states. Five hundred and eleven babies were born with congenital malformations, with 421 (82.4%) having major malformations. Males were affected more than females, 334 (65.4%) vs. 177 (34.6%). The gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems accounted for 26% and 25.8%, respectively. Malformation involving the central nervous system was more common in certain ethnic groups. Conclusions: The incidence of malformations in certain systems was at variance with the data from other states.
Endovascular Versus Open Revascularization for Peripheral Arterial Disease.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether endovascular or open revascularization provides an advantageous approach to symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) over the longer term. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The optimal revascularization strategy for symptomatic lower extremity PAD is not established. METHODS We evaluated amputation-free survival, overall survival, and relative rate of subsequent vascular intervention after endovascular or open lower extremity revascularization for propensity-score matched cohorts of Medicare beneficiaries with PAD from 2006 through 2009. RESULTS Among 14,685 eligible patients, 5928 endovascular and 5928 open revascularization patients were included in matched analysis. Patients undergoing endovascular repair had improved amputation-free survival compared with open repair at 30 days (7.4 vs 8.9%, P = 0.002). This benefit persisted over the long term: At 4 years, 49% of endovascular patients had died or received major amputation compared with 54% of open patients (P < 0.001). An endovascular procedure was associated with a risk-adjusted 16% decreased risk of amputation or death compared with open over the study period (hazard ratio: 0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.79-0.89; P < 0.001). The amputation-free survival benefit associated with an endovascular revascularization was more pronounced in patients with congestive heart failure or ischemic heart disease than in those without (P = 0.021 for interaction term). The rate of subsequent intervention at 30 days was 7.4% greater for the endovascular vs the open revascularization cohort. At 4 years, this difference remained stable at 8.6%. CONCLUSIONS Using population-based data, we demonstrate that an endovascular approach is associated with improved amputation-free survival over the long term with only a modest relative increased risk of subsequent intervention.
Studying the non‐thermal effects of terahertz radiation on E. coli/pKatG‐GFP biosensor cells

Studies of the impact of terahertz radiation on living objects present a significant interest since its use for security systems is currently considered promising. We studied the non‐thermal impact of terahertz radiation on E. coli/pKatG‐gfp biosensor cells. The Novosibirsk free electron laser (NovoFEL), which currently has the world's highest average and peak power, was used as the source of terahertz radiation. We demonstrated that exposure to terahertz radiation at the wavelengths of 130, 150, and 200 µm and a power of 1.4 W/cm2 induces changes in green fluorescent protein (GFP) fluorescence values and thus induces the expression of GFP in E. coli/pKatG‐gfp biosensor cells. Possible mechanisms of the E. coli response to non‐thermal exposure to terahertz radiation are discussed. Bioelectromagnetics 34:15–21, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Trans-tail Histone Code Defined by Monomethylated H4 Lys-20 and H3 Lys-9 Demarcates Distinct Regions of Silent Chromatin*

The specific post-translational modifications of the histone proteins are associated with specific DNA-templated processes, such as transcriptional activation or repression. To investigate the biological role(s) of histone H4 lysine 20 (H4 Lys-20) methylation, we created a novel panel of antibodies that specifically detected mono-, di-, or trimethylated H4 Lys-20. We report that the different methylated forms of H4 Lys-20 are compartmentalized within visually distinct, transcriptionally silent regions in the mammalian nucleus. Interestingly, direct comparison of methylated H4 Lys-20 with the different methylated states of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3 Lys-9) revealed significant overlap and exclusion between the specific groups of methyl modifications. Trimethylated H4 Lys-20 and H3 Lys-9 were both selectively enriched within pericentric heterochromatin. Similarly, monomethylated H4 Lys-20 and H3 Lys-9 partitioned together and the dimethylated forms partitioned together within the chromosome arms; however, the mono- and dimethylated modifications were virtually exclusive. These findings strongly suggest that the combinatorial presence or absence of the different methylated states of H4 Lys-20 and H3 Lys-9 define particular types of silent chromatin. Consistent with this, detailed analysis of monomethylated H4 Lys-20 and H3 Lys-9 revealed that both were preferentially and selectively enriched within the same nucleosome particle in vivo. Collectively, these findings define a novel trans-tail histone code involving monomethylated H4 Lys-20 and H3 Lys-9 that act cooperatively to mark distinct regions of silent chromatin within the mammalian epigenome.
ATM mutations, haplotype analysis, and immunological status of Russian patients with ataxia telangiectasia

Mutations in the ATM gene are responsible for the autosomal recessive disorder, ataxia telangiectasia (A‐T). Mutations in different ethnic groups are distributed along the entire length of the large, 66 exon ATM gene. In this study, A‐T patients from 16 Russian families were assessed for immunological status and ATM haplotype analysis, and screened for ATM mutations. Haplotype analysis was performed to enhance the efficiency of mutation detection. Mutations predicted to cause disease were identified in 19 of 32 alleles (59%), including a truncating mutation (c.5932G>T) that was identified in 8/32 (25%) alleles both by haplotype analysis and mutation screening. This mutation has been found in low abundance in other European A‐T cohorts suggesting that this founder‐effect mutation may be of Russian origin. The abundance of this mutation may allow for large‐scale screening of cancer patients to help clarify the role of ATM in breast and other cancers. Nine of the remaining mutations were previously unreported, and add to the multitude of unique mutations found throughout the gene. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bullying in Spanish Secondary Schools: Gender-Based Differences

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bullying in its various forms from the perspective of all of the individuals involved (victims, bullies, and witnesses) and to explore its distribution as a function of gender. The study had a correlational design and used a representative sample of 1500 Spanish students attending compulsory secondary education in the academic year 2007–2008. It applied an instrument measuring different types of bullying, taken from the studies conducted by Díaz-Aguado, Martínez, and Martín (2004) and the Defensor del Pueblo (Spanish Ombudsman’s Office)-UNICEF (2007). The findings reveal that all the types of bullying considered take place at school and that there is an inverse relationship between the severity and the prevalence of bullying behaviors, with verbal abuse proving to be the most common type of abusive behavior. Boys are involved in all kinds of bullying incidents as bullies significantly more often than girls are, except in cases involving ‘talking about someone behind their back’; in these situations, girls are involved significantly more often as bullies than boys are. As for victimization, boys are victims of direct physical abuse significantly more often than girls are, while girls are more often the subject of malicious gossip.
Chromosomal Abnormalities in Leukocytes from LSD-25 Users

A significant increase of chromosomal abnormalities was found in leukocytes from LSD-25 users (six out of eight) compared to nonuser controls (one out of nine). The two LSD-25 users showing no damage reported the lowest estimated average dose. The subjects whose cells showed damage were tested between 1 day and 6 months after their last LSD-25 dose.
B‐Lynch suture after the failure of hypogastric artery ligation to control post‐partum hemorrhage due to placenta increta in a patient with the factor V Leiden mutation

Post‐partum hemorrhage may be a life‐threatening condition. A case of a patient receiving antithrombotic therapy for the factor V Leiden mutation, in whom post‐partum hemorrhage had occurred due to placenta increta, is described. In this case, the post‐partum hemorrhage did not respond to bilateral hypogastric artery ligation, while the B‐Lynch surgical technique was successful in obtaining hemostasis.
Discovering work: a topical introduction

On the one hand, the collection brings together descriptive studies of practical activities in the domains mentioned above, studies that teach the reader those domains “from within”, so that s/he may (re-) discover their constitutive activities in their phenomenal detail – be it in tutorial situations, expert practice or hybrid settings. On the other hand, the collection offers the reader a distinctive reminder of “discovering work” as an ordinary feature of both science instruction and research practice – that is, their directed character, to expose or find something new (at least to the involved student or practitioner) – instead of dismissing that feature on philosophical or sociological grounds (e.g., from a skepticist stance, as integral to many constructivist approaches).
Cell death and quantitative reduction of rests of Malassez according to age.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Rests of Malassez are clusters of epithelial cells that remain in the periodontal ligament throughout life. However, it has been reported that the number of these structures decreases with age, and some epithelial cells undergo apoptosis in rests of Malassez of young and adult rats. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the incidence of epithelial cell death and the quantitative changes in the rests of Malassez in rat molars of different ages. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fragments containing the upper molars of rats aged 29, 45 and 120 d were fixed, decalcified and embedded for analysis by light microscopy. In the sections stained by hematoxylin and eosin, the number of rests of Malassez and the number of nuclei of these epithelial structures were obtained. Moreover, the nuclei exhibiting typical features of cell death were also counted in each rest of Malassez. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method for detection of cell death was also carried out. RESULTS In all groups examined, some rests of Malassez exhibited epithelial cell nuclei with typical features of apoptosis and some of them were also TUNEL positive. From 29 to 120 d of age in rats, the quantitative analysis showed a significant decrease in the total number of rests of Malassez in the cervical, middle and furcation regions of the periodontal ligament. Moreover, a significant decrease of epithelial cell nuclei was concomitant to an increase in the frequency of cell death in the oldest rats. CONCLUSION These results suggest that epithelial cell death by apoptosis may be, at least in part, responsible for the reduction in the number of rests of Malassez according to age.
Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Isolated Systolic Hypertension in the Rural Adult Population of Liaoning Province, China

The prevalence of and associated risk factors for isolated systolic hypertension, as defined by the Joint National Committee (JNC)-6 classification, were investigated in the rural population of Liaoning Province, China. A total of 45 925 people aged 35 years or older were examined in a cross-sectional study. Overall, the prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension was 10.6% (males 10.1%; females 11.2%). The prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension was positively correlated with age, gender, smoking status, alcohol intake, body mass index, salt intake and Mongolian race. This study showed that isolated systolic hypertension was very common in rural Chinese people and that many risk factors are linked with isolated systolic hypertension.
Evidence for nuclear emissions during acoustic cavitation revisited

Abstract This paper extends the experimental and numerical results presented previously and addresses the major criticisms raised. In addition, the most recent results are discussed. In acoustic cavitation experiments with chilled (ɛ0 °C) deuterated acetone (C3D6O), the production of tritium and 2.45 MeV neutrons [which are characteristic of deuterium-deuterium (D-D) fusion] was observed during vapour bubble implosions in an acoustic pressure field. Similar experiments with deuterated acetone at room temperature (ɛ20 °C) and control experiments with normal acetone (C3H6O), at both 0 and 20 °C, showed no statistically significant increases in either tritium level or neutron emissions. Numerical simulations of the processes that account for the shock waves generated in the liquid and within the collapsing bubbles supported these experimental observations and showed that high densities and temperatures (° 108 K) may be achieved during bubble cloud implosions, yielding the conditions required for D-D nuclear fusion reactions. The present paper treats the bubble fusion experiments and theoretical results in greater detail than was possible in the previous publications, contains some refinements, addresses some important questions raised by reviewers and critics and discusses possible applications of this interesting phenomenon.
Maxillofacial Morphology in Children with Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Treated by One-Stage Simultaneous Repair

Background: There is a common belief among the majority of surgeons occupied with cleft lip–cleft palate repair that early one-stage simultaneous repair of hard and soft palates affects maxillofacial development adversely. This proposition has not been proven with long-term clinical studies. In this study, the effects of one-stage repair on the maxillofacial development of children with complete unilateral cleft lip–cleft palate were investigated, and the results were compared with those of the cleft children treated with conventional two-stage repair. Methods: The study was designed as follows. Group 1 consisted of 19 children (mean age, 85.4 ± 12.8 months) treated with a one-stage procedure. In this group, cleft lip, palate, and alveolus were repaired simultaneously at a single surgical session in the first 10 months of life (mean age at time of surgery, 6.8 ± 1.2 months). Group 2 consisted of 22 children (mean age, 90.1 ± 13.0 months) treated in two stages as follows: lip repair was performed at a mean age of 4.8 ± 1.0 months and palate repair was performed at a mean age of 14.6 ± 2.0 months. The follow-up period was approximately 6.3 years for both study groups. Group 3 (control) consisted of 27 children (mean age, 87.1 ± 11.7 months) without cleft who were matched for age. Results: Compared with the control group, the children in both cleft groups revealed a greater maxillomandibular retrognathism, a more open palatal plane, larger anterior facial heights, and decreased posterior vertical maxillofacial heights. No significant difference was determined between study groups 1 and 2. Conclusions: Because both of the surgical treatment procedures give rise to similar maxillofacial development outcomes, regardless of the timing of surgery, the one-stage procedure offers several important advantages, such as less psychosocial trauma, low cost, and possibly an improvement in speech results because of less scarred palatal fields and the low rate of palatal fistula.
Managing Differentiation-Integration Duality in Supply Chain Integration

Existing research focuses on the positive returns to operational performance of firms’ supply chain integration (SCI) with suppliers, buyers, and customers. We draw on differentiation-integration duality and contingency theory to suggest that manufacturing firms should seek to achieve both integration through supply chain coordination activities and differentiation through modularity-based manufacturing practices (MBMP). Using a sample of 261 manufacturing firms, we identify an inverse U-shaped relationship between SCI and operational performance. Furthermore, we find support for the importance of differentiation-integration duality as a fit between high levels of SCI and high levels of MBMP results in enhanced operational performance. We find support for a contingency perspective as fit is especially critical at higher levels of environmental uncertainty. Implications for theory, practice, and further research are suggested. [Submitted: November 14, 2010. Revised: May 25, 2011; August 12, 2011. Accepted: August 18, 2011. ] Subject Areas: Differentiation, Integration, Modularity-based Manufacturing Practices, and Supply Chain Integration.
Interstitial del(20)(q11.2q12)—Clinical and molecular cytogenetic characterization

A 2‐year‐old male patient with dysmorphic facial features and multiple congenital anomalies suggestive of a chromosome syndrome is presented. The facial features consisted of a large and high forehead, mild metopic ridging, a small triangular face, depressed nasal bridge, microphthalmia (right more than the left), protruding ears, and mildly prominent anteverted nose with long and smooth philtrum. Cytogenetic analysis showed 46,XY,del(20)(q11.2q12). Parental karyotypes were normal. Molecular characterization of del(20)(q11.2q12) by high‐resolution microarray comparative genomic hybridization (arrayCGH) showed an approximately 6.8 Mb deletion. To our knowledge this is the first report of a de novo interstitial del(20)(q11.2q12) characterized by arrayCGH. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Patient-centric blood pressure-targeted cardiopulmonary resuscitation improves survival from cardiac arrest.

RATIONALE Although current resuscitation guidelines are rescuer focused, the opportunity exists to develop patient-centered resuscitation strategies that optimize the hemodynamic response of the individual in the hopes to improve survival. OBJECTIVES To determine if titrating cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to blood pressure would improve 24-hour survival compared with traditional CPR in a porcine model of asphyxia-associated ventricular fibrillation (VF). METHODS After 7 minutes of asphyxia, followed by VF, 20 female 3-month-old swine randomly received either blood pressure-targeted care consisting of titration of compression depth to a systolic blood pressure of 100 mm Hg and vasopressors to a coronary perfusion pressure greater than 20 mm Hg (BP care); or optimal American Heart Association Guideline care consisting of depth of 51 mm with standard advanced cardiac life support epinephrine dosing (Guideline care). All animals received manual CPR for 10 minutes before first shock. Primary outcome was 24-hour survival. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The 24-hour survival was higher in the BP care group (8 of 10) compared with Guideline care (0 of 10); P = 0.001. Coronary perfusion pressure was higher in the BP care group (point estimate +8.5 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, 3.9-13.0 mm Hg; P < 0.01); however, depth was higher in Guideline care (point estimate +9.3 mm; 95% confidence interval, 6.0-12.5 mm; P < 0.01). Number of vasopressor doses before first shock was higher in the BP care group versus Guideline care (median, 3 [range, 0-3] vs. 2 [range, 2-2]; P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Blood pressure-targeted CPR improves 24-hour survival compared with optimal American Heart Association care in a porcine model of asphyxia-associated VF cardiac arrest.
A Meta‐analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Assessing Hemodialysis Access Thrombosis Based on Access Flow Monitoring: Where Do We Stand?

The National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative recommends the routine use of hemodialysis arteriovenous (AV) access surveillance to detect hemodynamically significant stenoses and appropriately correct them to reduce the incidence of thrombosis and to improve accesses patency rates. Access blood flow monitoring is considered as one of the preferred surveillance method for both AV fistulas (AVF) and AV grafts (AVG); however, published studies have reported conflicting results of its utility that led healthcare professionals to doubt the benefits of this surveillance method. We performed a meta‐analysis of the published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of AV access surveillance using access blood flow monitoring. Our hypothesis was that access blood flow monitoring lowers the risk of AV access thrombosis and that the outcome differs between AVF and AVG. The estimated overall pooled risk ratio (RR) of thrombosis was 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67–1.13) favoring access blood flow monitoring. The pooled RR of thrombosis were 0.64 (95% CI, 0.41–1.01) and 1.06 (95% CI, 0.77–1.46) in the subgroups of only AVF and only AVG, respectively. Our results added to the uncertainty of access blood flow monitoring as a surveillance method of hemodialysis accesses.