Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Causes of and treatment options for dislocation following total hip arthroplasty

The second most common complication following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is dislocation. The majority of dislocations occur early in the post-operative period and are due to either patient-associated or surgical factors. The patient-associated factors that have been implicated as causes of post-operative dislocation include previous surgery, lumbar spine fusion surgery and/or neurological impairment. The surgical factors include surgical approach, component orientation and prosthetic and/or bony impingement. In order to delineate the cause of the hip instability a thorough history and physical and a radiographic assessment (possibly including advanced imaging) needs to be performed. Approximately two thirds of cases are successfully treated; one third of cases will require surgical treatment (e.g., revision arthroplasty (including constrained liners, the use of elevated rim liners and dual mobility implants or trochanteric advancement). In this review, we discuss the causes leading to dislocation following THA and evaluate the different treatment options available.
Shareholders and Stakeholders around the World: The Role of Values, Culture, and Law in Directors’ Decisions

This study sets out to examine the relative importance of legal and cultural institutions and personal values in directors’ discretion. We present first evidence on the way personal and institutional factors together guide public company directors in decision-making concerning shareholders and stakeholders. In a sample comprising more than nine hundred directors from over fifty countries of origin, we confirm that directors hold a principled, quasi-ideological stance towards shareholders and stakeholders, called shareholderism. Directors’ shareholderism correlates with personal values, but also with cultural norms that are consistent with entrepreneurship. Among legal factors, only creditor protection exhibits a negative correlation with shareholderism, as theory would suggest, while general legal origin and proxies for shareholder and employee protection are unrelated to it.
A BEM-Based Actuator Disk Model for Wind Turbine Wakes Considering Atmospheric Stability

Atmospheric stability affects wind turbine wakes significantly. High-fidelity approaches such as large eddy simulations (LES) with the actuator line (AL) model which predicts detailed wake structures, fail to be applied in wind farm engineering applications due to its expensive cost. In order to make wind farm simulations computationally affordable, this paper proposes a new actuator disk model (AD) based on the blade element method (BEM) and combined with Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations (RANS) to model turbine wakes under different atmospheric stability conditions. In the proposed model, the upstream reference velocity is firstly estimated from the disk averaged velocity based on the one-dimensional momentum theory, and then is used to evaluate the rotor speed to calculate blade element forces. Flow similarity functions based on field measurement are applied to limit wind shear under strongly stable conditions, and turbulence source terms are added to take the buoyant-driven effects into consideration. Results from the new AD model are compared with field measurements and results from the AD model based on the thrust coefficient, the BEM-AD model with classical similarity functions and a high-fidelity LES approach. The results show that the proposed method is better in simulating wakes under various atmospheric stability conditions than the other AD models and has a similar performance to the high-fidelity LES approach however in much lower computational cost.
Terror Management and Evolutionary Theory: Examination of Jealousy Reactions After Mortality Salience.pdf

There has been much debate in the literature regarding the intermingling of evolutionary theory and terror management theory. The purpose of the current paper was to examine any possible effects of mortality salience (MS) in evolutionary domains, namely jealous reactions to infidelity. Using traditional methodology from both sets of theories, participants were placed into one of four conditions based on the presence of MS and type of partner cheating (emotional or sexual) and then reported their feelings toward the behavior and the partner. Results indicated that participants who are aware of their death reacted in ways predicted by evolutionary theory, above and beyond their reactions without mortality salience. These results suggest that while there is still much room for investigation and no final conclusions can be drawn, terror management theory may be more relevant in evolutionary based theories than previously thought.
Mobility and Revolution : The Impact of the Abolition of China ’ s Civil Service Exam System ∗

This paper studies a dramatic interruption in mobility: the abolition of China’s civil exam system in 1905. This exam system lasted over 1,300 years and was the primary channel of upward mobility in the Ming and Qing dynasties. To examine how this abolition affects citizens’participation in revolution that was already ignited in the late 19th century (and replaced the Qing dynasty with a republican government in 1911), we collect a panel dataset across 262 prefectures and explore the variations in the quota on the first-level exam candidates. Differences-in-differences estimations show that one percent more in the quota increases the number of registered revolutionaries by about 0.2 percent after the abolition of the exam system, which implies 0.02 percentage points higher incidence of uprisings in 1911. This finding is robust to various checks including using confluences of rivers and short-run exam performance before the quota system as two instrumental variables. ∗We are grateful to Davide Cantoni, Gordon Hanson, Torsten Persson, Gerard Roland, Noam Yuchtman and the participants in the seminars at UCSD, UC Berkeley and UC Merced for their helpful discussions. †Division of Social Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, rickybai@gmail.com ‡School of International Relations and Pacific Studies, University of California San Diego, rxjia@ucsd.edu.
Impact of Spatial Ability Training in Desktop Virtual Environment

This case study reports an experimental research based on pretest-post test design that was carried out to investigate the extent of Spatial Visualization (SV) and Mental Rotation (MR) training improvement, differential impact attributed to gender and training method, and training transfer to engineering drawing task. The participants of the study were 101 eight graders comprising 42 girls and 59 boys (mean age = 15 years) and were randomly assigned into two experimental groups and one control group. The first experimental group employed interaction-based training in a desktop virtual environment trainer, the second group used animation-based training, and the control group trained using printed materials and all the three groups were trained for 8 weeks. Data were collected through spatial ability tests and a survey and were analyzed using SPSS version 14. Analysis of data reveals that there were substantial performance gains in SV and MR accuracy, but not in MR speed. Main effects of training in SV and MR accuracy were found where those trained by novel methods especially the interaction-enabled method outperforming the control group. Interaction effects were observed where differential improvement gain in SV and MR accuracy only involved male participants but not their female counterparts. Transfer of training to performance in solving engineering drawing task was observed by differential performances of groups, where those with higher spatial ability managed to perform the task better than those with lower spatial ability after spatial training. This transfer was qualified by the multiple linear regression procedure revealing that spatial visualization was a significant factor in predicting performance in basic engineering drawing task. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61520-749-7.ch009
Coupled Electromagnetic and Thermo-Hydraulic Analysis of Current Distribution in Superconducting Cable-in-Conduit Conductors

The performance of high-current superconducting multi-strand cables often lags behind the predictions extrapolated from the performance of a single strand. Non-uniform distribution of the transport current among the strands is lively discussed as a possible cause. In order to investigate current distribution phenomena, a comprehensive model has been developed for the coupled analysis of electromagnetic and thermo-hydraulic processes in forced-flow cooled superconducting multi-strand cables. The model has been implemented in PSpice. While this work is focused on cable-in-conduit conductors (CICCs), the technique can readily be adapted to other types of superconducting multi-strand conductors or to multi-filamentary composites. In this article we report on the reproduction of experimental results to verify the model, which showed very good agreement. Furthermore, the influence of the magnetic self-field of a conductor and the impact of possible micro-defects in the superconducting filaments of a strand on the voltage-current characteristic have been studied by applying the presented model. Index Terms — Coupled analysis, network model, superconducting CICCs, self-field effect, micro-defects.
The Effects of Institutional Support Factors on Lecturer adoption of eLearning at a Conventional University

Conventional Higher Education Institutions in Kenya are in the process of implementing eLearning projects. These initiatives are, however, fraught with challenges. At the Maseno University eCampus, an evaluation of statistics on the institutional LMS after two years of implementation revealed that many lecturers had minimal or no log-in statistics, an indication that there was a gap in the adoption of eLearning. This study investigated factors explaining lecturer adoption of eLearning. A sample of 55 lecturers was selected and a questionnaire administered on their personal and institutional support factors for eLearning adoption. The findings revealed that the lecturers had a positive perception of the usefulness of eLearning and high self-efficacy in the adoption of eLearning. The gap in eLearning adoption was perceived by respondents to be a result of inadequate institutional support. The results suggest that lecturers are likely to be better adopters of eLearning not only when knowledge management processes and policies related to eLearning are developed but also where the institution works towards building and supporting a community of eLearning adopters.
COMPETING FAILURE MODES

We consider systems or items which are placed on test at time zero, function for a period, and die at some random time. Failure may be due to one of several causes or modes. A model for this situation is that at birth nature chooses a life time Yi from a population of times until death from mode L The time at which the item fails is min(Y i) and is the only life actually observed. The parameters of the life distributions may depend upon the levels of various stress variables the item is subject to. Maximum likelihood estimation methods are discussed in general. Specific methods are discussed for the smallest extremevalue distributions of life. Monte-Carlo results indicate the methods to be W promising. Under appropriate conditions, the location parameters are nearly unbiased, the scale parameter is slightly biased, and the asymptotic covariances are rapidly approached. 1. 0 INTRODUCTION Suppose an item or system (a person, battery, computers, etc.) is brought to life at time zero, functions for a period of time, and then fails. We also suppose there are a finite number of possible causes (or modes) of failure labeled 1, 2, . , . , M. For example, people die of cancer, accident, heart _ attack, etc. A simplified conceptual model for actual item lifetime is that at birth nature chooses a failure time Y from a population of failure times due ' to mode m. (The Y may or may not be independent.) The observed life of the item is then min(Yn1) and it is known only that all the other lifetimes exceeded this value. Such a process is a form of progressive censoring. Cox [ 1] appears to have been the fllr k • . o iorir:ul p te this competing risk failure time model and k4
Improved measurement of CP observables in B±→DCP0K± decays

We present a study of the decay B{sup -} {yields} D{sub (CP)}{sup 0}K{sup -} and its charge conjugate, where D{sub (CP)}{sup 0} is reconstructed in both a non-CP flavor eigenstate and in CP (CP-even and CP-odd) eigenstates, based on a sample of 382 million {Upsilon}(4S) {yields} B{bar B} decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e{sup +}e{sup -} storage ring. We measure the direct CP asymmetries A{sub CP{+-}} and the ratios of the branching fractions R{sub CP{+-}}: A{sub CP+} = 0.27 {+-} 0.09(stat) {+-} 0.04(syst), A{sub CP-} = -0.09 {+-} 0.09(stat) {+-} 0.02(syst), R{sub CP+} = 1.06 {+-} 0.10(stat) {+-} 0.05(syst), R{sub CP-} = 1.03 {+-} 0.10(stat) {+-} 0.05(syst). These results will help to better constrain the gamma phase parameter of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark mixing matrix.
Formalized systems development methodologies: a critical perspective

Abstract. Systems development issues occupy a position of central importance in the information systems field and much has been prescribed in the quest for successful systems development. However, given the well‐documented ‘software crisis’, success is far from guaranteed for systems development projects. Many researchers see the solution to the software crisis in terms of increased control and the more widespread adoption of rigorous and formalized system development methodologies. This paper presents some arguments and pressures which support the use of methodologies and some evidence of the literature bias which favours methodologies is provided. However the problems associated with the use of methodologies have not perhaps received as much attention in previous research. This paper identifies a number of arguments and pressures which question the value of methodologies, and reports the results of a field study which investigated the role of methodologies in practice. The critical perspective adopted throughout shows that, contrary to the predominant view in literature, the assumption that increased adoption of methodologies addresses the problems inherent in systems development is by no means proven.
YOUNG DRIVER RESEARCH PROGRAM: A REVIEW OF INFORMATION ON YOUNG DRIVER PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS AND CAPACITIES.

This report reviews literature on young drivers' behavioural and personal characteristics in relation to their crash risk Information is discussed Rithin the framework of a theoretical model in which the major determinants of risk are: drivers' personal characteristics (skill, motivation) and their exposure to crash risk (both quantitative and qualitative factors). The review found that young drivers' skills are less developed than those of older drivers; research is required to define the types and amounts of experience needed to become a 'fully skilled driver. that young driver motivation dse r s in some important ways from that of older drivers; that decisions made prior to driving influence drivers' subsequent exposure to crash risk, independent of their actual driving performance; snd that there is insufficient evidence to reach any clear conclusion on the issue of the 'young problem driver'.
Measuring institutions

This article presents a new dataset of indicators of political freedom, property rights and political instability for Zimbabwe for the period 1946 to 2005. The dataset is constructed by systematically coding the three concepts of political freedom, property rights and political instability along a multitude of dimensions. The lengthy time coverage of the dataset allows country-specific econometric analysis to evaluate generalizing propositions about the effects of political institutions on economic outcomes. The dataset also contributes to the dynamic analysis of the effects of political institutions on conflict, a contentious issue in political science. Correlations between the new measures reveal that while political instability has a strong and negative relationship with property rights, it has no significant relationship with political freedom. The finding supports the notion that political conflict is significantly higher in the in-between category of semi-democracy than at either end of the democracy scale. The validity of the dataset is supported by its strong correlations with other conceptually and operationally different measures of political institutions. The new dataset has begun to be employed in country-specific time-series studies of the link between institutions and economic outcomes. Two core results are that property rights influence the volumes of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Zimbabwe and that negative spillover effects of poor institutional environments can occur between neighbouring countries. It is feasible to extend the geographical coverage of the dataset by applying our methodological framework to other countries.
Marco Polo Localization

for sound localization work in digital signal processing (DSP). We introduce the Marco Polo Localization approach, where we apply sound as a tool for gathering range measurements between robots, and use those to solve a range-only Simultaneous Localization and Mapping problem. Range is calculated by correlating two recordings of the same sound, recorded on a pair of robots, after which the resulting time delay estimate is converted to a range measurement. The algorithmic approach we use is a straightforward application of the Bayesian estimation framework. We also present two complementary views on the associated optimization problem that provide insight into the problem and allows one to devise initialization strategies, indispensable in a range-only scenario. We illustrate the approach with both simulated and experimental results.
Attempts towards patient-specific simulations based on computer tomography

The present manuscript documents our first experiences with a computational model for stress- induced arterial wall growth and in-stent restenosis related to atherosclerosis. The underlying theoretical frameworkisprovidedbythekinematicsoffinitegrowth combined with open system thermodynamics. The com- putational simulation is embedded in a finite element approach in which growth is essentially captured by a single scalar-valued growth factor introduced as internal variable on the integration point level. The con- ceptual simplicity of the model enables its straightfor- ward implementation into standard commercial finite element codes. Qualitative studies of stress-induced changes of the arterial wall thickness in response to balloon angioplasty or stenting are presented to illus- trate the features of the suggested growth model. First attempts towards a patient-specific simulation based on realistic artery morphologies generated from computer tomography data are discussed.
Compressive behaviour of steel fibre reinforced concrete

An experimental study to investigate the influence of matrix strength, fibre content and diameter on the compressive behaviour of steel fibre reinforced concrete is presented. Two types of matrix and fibres were tested. Concrete compressive strengths of 35 and 60 MPa, 0·38 and 0·55 mm fibre diameter, and 30 mm fibre length, were considered. The volume of fibre in the concrete was varied up to 1·5%. Test results indicated that the addition of fibres to concrete enhances its toughness and strain at peak stress, but can slightly reduce the Young's modulus. Simple expressions are proposed to estimate the Young's modulus and the strain at peak stress, from the compressive strength results, knowing fibre volume, length and diameter. An analytical model to predict the stress–strain relationship for steel fibre concrete in compression is also proposed. The model results are compared with experimental stress–strain curves.
Adhesion of repair systems to concrete: influence of interfacial topography and transport phenomena

Eight types of cement slurries were applied to concrete substrates. Surface preparation involved mechanical action – sandblasting and polishing – as well as saturation regulation, both dry and saturated surface wet. The adhesion strength for the different combinations was measured by direct tensile tests. Multivariate statistical analysis led to the identification of a major effect of surface saturation on the results. Knowledge of the interfacial behaviour was obtained by the discrimination of the effects of partial interaction between slurry and aggregates and slurry and cement mortar, respectively. It clearly showed that a third factor has to be taken into account in the explanation of adhesion, namely the interfacial transition zone between cement paste and aggregates, due to its porosity and anchoring effect. This effect was quantified by topographical observation and image analysis. Penetration of cement slurry was also confirmed by observation with binocular and fluorescent microscopy.
Crosstalk Minimization in VLSI Interconnects

Crosstalk noise is often induced in long interconnects running parallel to each other . There arises a need to minimize the effect of these crosstalk noise so as to maintain the signal integrity in interconnects. So in this paper crosstalk noise is minimized using various techniques such as repeater (bidirectional buffer) insertion along with shielding, skewing and shielding & skewing simultaneously. With the help of these techniques crosstalk noise is controlled to a great extent in long interconnects. Prelayout simulations for crosstalk are carried out for different techniques at 90nm technology nodes using cadence. The influences of these techniques are analyzed and it is found that crosstalk is reduced upto 57%.
Non-Coherent Code Acquisition in the Multiple Transmit/Multiple Receive Antenna Aided Single- and Multi-Carrier DS-CDMA Downlink

We analyse the characteristics of the Non-Coherent (NC) Multiple Transmit/Multiple Receive (MTMR) antenna aided Multi-Carrier (MC) DS-CDMA downlink employing a serial search based acquisition scheme, when communicating over spatially uncorrelated Rayleigh channels. The associated Mean Acquisition Time (MAT) performance trends are characterised as a function of both the number of antennas and that of the number of subcarriers. It is shown that the employment of both multiple transmit antennas and multiple subcarriers is typically detrimental in terms of the achievable NC acquisition performance, while that obtained by exploiting multiple receive antennas is always beneficial, regardless whether single-path or multi-path scenarios are considered. Based on our results justified by information theoretic considerations, our acquisition design guidelines are applicable to diverse NC MTMR antenna aided scenarios.
Mutual Coupling Between Coax-fed Rectangular Microstrip Antennas Embedded in Layered Uniaxial

The mutual coupling between two coax-fed rectangular microstrip antennas embedded in uniaxial anisotropic dielectrics is evaluated. An interesting trade-o is shown where an increase in the permittivity in the direction of the optical axis in the substrate reduces the traditionally stronger E-plane coupling while it increases the traditionally weaker H-plane coupling. The computations from the commercial software used in this work are validated by successful comparison with published results.