Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of phenological phase of dry grazing pasture on fatty acid composition of cows’ milk

The fatty acid content is a very important feature of the milk that affects the health of consumers. The aim of this study was to estimate cow’s milk fatty acid composition in early vegetative, late vegetative and reproductive phase, with the simultaneous determination of the pasture biomass chemical and botanical composition. The research was conducted on Agrostis castellana semi-natural dry grassland in the vicinity of Podgorica, Montenegro. Cows were put to grazing during the whole experimental period. This pasture was assessed as moderate to good quality and botanically diversified. The chemical composition of the grassland biomass changed with the maturity phase. A significant increase in the content of DM, crude fiber, fat and a decrease in crude protein content were determined throughout three phenological phases (p < 0.05). The content of total milk fat did not show significant variability during first two phases, but it did in the third phase. The content of milk fat and protein was high in all phases, although it is a dry pasture with a poor quality of biomass in the third phase. The content of majority saturated fatty acids (SFAs) increased with grass maturity, while total content of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) decreased. The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) content kept the same level up to the reproductive phase. The phenological phase significantly influenced the content of fatty acids in the third phase (p < 0.05). A notable number of SFAs, MUFAs end PUFAs had the highest content in the second phase.
Health, time allocation and work: empirical evidence from Turkey

ABSTRACT This article investigates the relationship between health status and time allocation decisions of individuals. Although many studies address impacts of health on labour supply, few studies explore associations of health status with non-market work activities. Using a nationally representative sample from a recent Turkish Time Use Survey, this article employs Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) framework to estimate multiple equations of various time use categories. Consistent with literature, empirical results indicate that higher levels of self-reported health status (SRHS) are associated with more time spent in market work. However, better health level is negatively correlated with time spent in leisure and sleep. There is mixed evidence between self-reported health status (SRHS) and time spent on non-market work. There is a negative weak association between health and time devoted to personal care. Finally, demographics such as gender, age, education and marital status display correlations with time allocation of Turkish individuals.
Detecting early signs of dementia in conversation

Dementia can affect a person's speech, language and conversational interaction capabilities. The early diagnosis of dementia is of great clinical importance. Recent studies using the qualitative methodology of Conversation Analysis (CA) demonstrated that communication problems may be picked up during conversations between patients and neurologists and that this can be used to differentiate between patients with Neuro-degenerative Disorders (ND) and those with non-progressive Functional Memory Disorder (FMD). However, conducting manual CA is expensive and difficult to scale up for routine clinical use. This study introduces an automatic approach for processing such conversations which can help in identifying the early signs of dementia and distinguishing them from the other clinical categories (FMD, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Healthy Control (HC)). The dementia detection system starts with a speaker diarisation module to segment an input audio file (determining who talks when). Then the segmented files are passed to an automatic speech recogniser (ASR) to transcribe the utterances of each speaker. Next, the feature extraction unit extracts a number of features (CA-inspired, acoustic, lexical and word vector) from the transcripts and audio files. Finally, a classifier is trained by the features to determine the clinical category of the input conversation. Moreover, we investigate replacing the role of a neurologist in the conversation with an Intelligent Virtual Agent (IVA) (asking similar questions). We show that despite differences between the IVA-led and the neurologist-led conversations, the results achieved by the IVA are as good as those gained by the neurologists. Furthermore, the IVA can be used for administering more standard cognitive tests, like the verbal fluency tests and produce automatic scores, which then can boost the performance of the classifier. The final blind evaluation of the system shows that the classifier can identify early signs of dementia with an acceptable level of accuracy and robustness (considering both sensitivity and specificity).
Controle da ferrugem do cafeeiro com produtos à base de Bacillus subtilis.

Beniol , W. ; Saito, M.L. ; Brandão, M.S.B. Conlrol of coffee teaf rust (Hemilda vO$ratrix) with metabolites of Bacillus subrilis. Summa Phytopathologic.a, v.20, p.119-122, 1994. Metabo/ites from Bacillus subtilis (iso/ale AP-3) were produced in glucose J%, peplon 1%, yeast atroeI 0,5%, Nael 0,3% , KH2P04 0,1% and MgS04 0,05% (GPL) medium or afoliar futillzer ckrivedfrom lhe glutamicfennentation of mo/asses 5% (AMI). under dilferem periods of fennmlarion. 1he exrroclS were oblained by precipitarion of melabolires wilh ammonium sulphate (A) or cloridric acid (D) at pH 2.0, Twenry four hours before lhe inoculation of Hemilei.a vastatrix urediniospores in colfu p/anIS, ev. Cawoi. extraclS concenmmons of J ,fXXJ and 1O,fXXJ ppm were sprayed, 1he resuJlS K~-words: Biological cOlllrol, anl1'biorics, Hemileia vastatrix. Coffea. O controle da ferrugem do cafeeiro baseia-se principalmente na utililllção de fungicidas e vem apresentando resultados satisfatórios. Entretanto, devido aos possíveis problemas, como o desequilíbrio biológico (9), acúmulo de produtos no solo e nas águas, seleção de linhagens resistentes do patógeno entre outros, há necessidade de estudar alternativas a esse método. Em relação ao controle biológico, Vertieillium kcanii (8, 13) e Bacillus subtilis (4, 11) vêm apresentando resultados promissores no controle da doença. Baeillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) COM e seus metabólitos vêm sendo estudados com alternativas ao controle químico de fungos fitopatogênicos com relativo sucesso (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 12, 14, 15, 17). Essa bactéria apresenta grande capacidade em inibir os fitopat6genos causadores de ferrugens tais como: Uromyces phaseoli (1, 2, 5, 6, 14); Puceinia pelargonii-zonalis (19) e Hemikia vasta/ri. >: (4, 11). Além de B. subtilis, outras espécies de Bacillus têm ação sobre ferrugens como: B. cereus em Puccinia alUi (7); B. pumilus em Puccillia recolldita, Puceinia graminis f. sp. tritiei e Puceinia coronata (15). Considerando esses aspectos, o presente trabalho teve por 01>jetivos avaliar o efeito de produtos obtidos de B. subtilis sobre a ferrugem do cafeeiro (Hemileia vastatrix Berk.) e o potencial '994 Grupo Paulista de Fitopatologia. showed a reducrion on (1) lhe perUnlage of infecled Je(llles; (2) rwmber of Jeslons per leaf anil (3) rwmber of lesion.s per infecred leal. 1he alrocl GPU(13)12 h(llle no syslemic acrion in lhe ascendam, ckscendanl and lateral direcrion.s. 1he direcl appJicarion of fermeruarive material of lhe foliar femlizer tkrived from lhe gluJamic fermentarion of molasses (concenrrarions of 10,25, 50 and 100%) showed an eJJeclive control ofcoJJu leaf rnst when considend lhe above parameters. sistêmico dos metabólitos de B. subtilis em cafeeiro.
Typology of advertising music components and consumers’ responses to the brand

The present research aims to explore the effects of advertising music components (MCs) on brand perception, attitude, and purchase intentions using the cross-fertilization between research in marketing and musicology. Previous research has shown that the MCs (e.g. tempo, mode, and timbre) of advertising music can influence brand perception. However, few MCs have been studied and without controlling the influence of all MCs. In addition, existing categorizations of MCs are not applied to advertising music and mainly focus on classical music. A preliminary study analyzing 125 advertising music pieces with musicologists provides a typology of advertising MCs and of induced brand perceptions. Four experiments then explore the effects of advertising MCs in different contexts (music in the foreground, music in the background with a neutral message, music in the background with a non-neutral message, and replication with a real, well-known brand). The research indicates the influence of each advertising MC on brand perception while controlling for all MCs. In particular, some MCs induce the same brand perception. Their perceptual influence remains the same when they are in the background or when they are incongruent. They can even change the perception of a well-known brand, as well as influence brand attitude and purchase intentions. Conceptual and methodological implications for research on music and brand management as well as managerial implications are discussed.
Effects of container size, density, and incubation period on ammonium excretion rate measurements of planktonic copepods: Validation with a highly sensitive analytical method

Ammonium excretion by planktonic copepods is an important process supplying nitrogen to primary producers and other microbial activity in pelagic ecosystems. Because of methodological constraints, conventional analyses using sealed chamber methods have required the adoption of unnatural experimental settings, such as a small container, high density, or a long incubation for ammonium excretion measurements. Therefore, most of the estimated ammonium excretion rates are potentially linked to stresses on the experimental animals during incubation. In this study, the effects of container size, density, and incubation period on the ammonium excretion rates of five copepod species (Calanus sinicus, Eucalanus californicus, Metridia pacifica, Pleuromamma abdominalis, P. gracilis) were examined using a highly sensitive analytical method that has recently been developed to measure ammonium concentration at the nanomolar level. The results indicate that responses to experimental stresses are species-specific, while incubation in a small container was generally the most significant factor causing overestimation (up to 2.6 times) of the excretion rates. This study shows that this highly sensitive analysis method, which allows short incubations with a single individual in a relatively large-sized container is an appropriate method to estimate ammonium excretion of pelagic copepods in the field using the sealed chamber method.
Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) Is Associated With Mortality in Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated With Acute Revascularization Therapy

Background and Aims: Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) has been identified as a robust marker of developing cardiovascular disease, however, little is currently known about its prognostic value in stroke patients. In a context of growing interest to discover new biomarkers in stroke, we aimed to assess the association between circulating GDF-15 levels and three-month mortality in ischemic stroke patients treated with acute revascularization therapy. Methods: 173 patients hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke and treated with either intravenous thrombolysis (n = 99, 57.2%), mechanical thrombectomy (n = 41, 23.4%) or combined therapy (n = 33, 19.1%) were prospectively included. Baseline clinical and biological characteristics were recorded. Plasma GDF-15 levels were measured at admission (D0), and at 24 h, 3 and 7 days. Clinical severity was assessed with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, and vital status was obtained 3 months after the stroke. Results: At 3 months post-stroke, 32 patients (18.5%) had died. The deceased patients had higher D0 plasma GDF-15 levels (median [IQR]: 2,777 [1,769–5,446] vs. 1,460 [965–2,079] pg/mL, P < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, D0 GDF-15 levels in the third tertile of the distribution were independently associated with mortality at 3 months (OR = 3.71; 95% CI: 1.09–12.6, P = 0.036), even after adjustment for confounding variables including clinical severity. Conclusions: Our data show for the first time that GDF-15 plasma concentration at admission is independently associated with 3-month mortality in ischemic stroke patients treated with acute revascularization therapy. The pathophysiological mechanisms that could explain this association warrant further study.
Monitoring of temperature effects on CMOS memories

With the constant increase of microelectronic systems complexity and the continual scaling of transistors, reliability remains one of the main challenges. Harsh environments, with extreme conditions of high temperature and thermal cycling, alter the proper functioning of systems. For data storage devices, high temperature is considered as a main reliability threat. Therefore, it becomes essential to develop monitoring techniques to guarantee the reliability of volatile and non-volatile memories over an entire range of operating temperatures. In the frame of this thesis, I focus my studies on two types of memories: NAND Flash memories and SRAM. To monitor the effects of temperature in NAND Flash Memories, a timer-based solution is proposed in order to reduce the refresh frequency and continue to guarantee the integrity of data. For SRAM memories, the effect of temperature on Single Event Upset (SEU) sensitivity is studied. A comparative study on SEU occurrence under different temperatures is conducted for standard 6T-SRAM cells and hardened Dual Interlocked Storage Cells (DICE). Finally, statistical and computational approximation techniques based on periodic check operations are proposed in order to improve the tolerated Raw Bit Error Rate (RBER) in enterprise-class Flash based SSDs.
Typical synoptic situations for thunderstormy days observed over the majority of Poland, and with the highest probability of thunderstorms occurence in the country

In the present study, we have performed an analysis of synoptic situations in thunderstorm days, during which the thunderstorm phenomenon was noted at at least 80% of meteorological stations located in Poland or at which the probability of an occurrence of days with this phenomenon was the highest and whose frequency explains the occurrence of days with thunderstorms on the highest level. The analysis of synoptic maps from the period 1951-2000 made the isolation of two different synoptic situations characteristic for days with thunderstorms occurring over the entire area of Poland possible. As well two synoptic situation with the highest probability of thunderstorms occurrence and which frequency explains the best the occurrence of days with thunderstorms have been distinguished
Language Shift and Identity: Exploring Factors Which Condition Identity When a Traditional Language is Lost

The loss of a minority group’s language may or may not be accompanied by the loss of the same group’s identity. This study explores the factors that appear to condition identity choices among minority communities. A number of language communities in advanced stages of language shift are chosen as case studies. Based on these case studies, a framework is proposed that organizes the factors involved in group identity choices into either language internal or language ecology factors, each with their own set of relevant characteristics. The benefit of this new approach over previous explanations is its ability to describe identity choices from a wide array of motivations. Such a framework will facilitate future researchers considering this question, providing them with a roadmap to navigate the various identity options.
Somatic cell count during first and second lactation in ewes

The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of distribution of ewes in SCC groups on the basis SCS (somatic cells score) per lactation and estimate changes of SCC from 1st lactation on 2nd lactation. The experiment was carried at seven farms in 1st observed period (2016 and 2017) and at eight farms in 2nd observed one (2017 and 2018). Within each of periods the same animals were sampled on their 1st and following 2nd lactation in next year of study, only. Totally 1199 milk samples from 159 ewes and 1653 milk samples from 219 ewes were collected during 1st period and 2nd period, respectively. Milk sampling were taken monthly from April to August in both periods. For evaluation only ewes with minimum three sampling per year (minimum six samples per animal) were included in the study within both periods. The ewes were divided into the five SCC groups on basis of their SCS per lactation: G1 = SCC
Innovation , inequality and the skill premium ∗

The relationship between innovation and inequality is analysed on a panel of 148 countries for a 50 year span, from 1963-2012. A non linear relationship is found that links innovation to inequality, and which appears to be rather different whether variables representing either input or output of innovative effort are considered. In both cases in fact there appears to be a threshold that once is overcame reverses the relationship. In particular, in the case of innovative inputs a positive relationship with inequality reverses once the threshold is crossed, while the opposite holds for innovative outputs, for which the relationship is initially negative to become positive as, for instance, the number of patents increases over a certain threshold. It is finally possible to exploit these different patterns, to provide a truly innovation-based analysis of the patterns of skill premium for US, France, Germany and Great Britain. In all these case, the ratio of R&D to Patents shows a robust negative relationship with the skill premium. In particular, when the ratio of R&D to Patents is low (implying a relatively high overall level of appropriability) increasing patterns of the skill premium result. The opposite happens when the ratio is high (implying a relatively low appropriability level), determining a decrease in the skill premium.
Feature-based comparison of sea-ice deformation in lead-resolving sea-ice simulations

Abstract. The sea-ice modelling community progresses towards Pan-Arctic simulations that explicitly resolve leads in the simulated sea-ice cover. Evaluating these simulations against observations poses new challenges. A new feature-based evaluation of simulated deformation fields is introduced and the results are compared to a scaling analysis of sea ice deformation. Leads and pressure ridges – here combined into Linear Kinematic Features (LKF) – are detected and tracked automatically from deformation and drift data. LKFs in two Pan-Arctic sea-ice simulations with a horizontal grid spacing of 2 km are compared with an LKF data-set derived from the RADARSAT Geophysical Processor System (RGPS). One simulation uses a 5-class Ice Thickness Distribution (ITD). The simulated sea-ice deformation follows a multi-fractal spatial and temporal scaling as observed from RGPS. The heavy-tailed distribution of LKF lengths and the scale invariance of LKF curvature, which points to the self-similar nature of sea-ice deformation fields, is reproduced by the model. Interannual and seasonal variations of the number of LKFs, LKF densities, and LKF orientations in the ITD simulation are found to be consistent with RGPS observations. The lifetimes and growth rates follow a distribution with an exponential tail. The model overestimates the intersection angle of LKFs, which is attributed to the model's viscous-plastic rheology with an elliptical yield curve. In conclusion, the new feature-based analysis of LKF statistics is found to be useful for a comprehensive evaluation of simulated deformation features, which is required before the simulated features can be used with confidence in the context of climate studies. As such it complements the commonly used scaling analysis and provides new useful information for comparing deformation statistics. The ITD simulation is shown to reproduce LKFs sufficiently well to be used for studying the effect of directly resolved leads in climate simulations. The feature-based analysis of LKFs also identifies specific model deficits that may be address by specific parameterizations, for example, a damage parameter, a grounding scheme, and a Mohr-Coulombic yield curve.
A Case Study of Two Siblings of Waardenburg Syndrome

eyebrow flare Broad and high nasal root Hypoplasia of alae nasi Premature graying of hair Summary Waardenburg syndrome is a rare genetically heterogenous disorder of neural crest cell development. Six distinctive features comprising this syndrome include: (1) telecanthus, (2) broad nasal root, (3) synophrys of the eyebrows, (4) a white forelock, (5) heterochromiairides, and (6) deaf-mutism. Waaredenburg syndrome has four subtypes ,depending upon clinical presentation. A careful clinical evaluation should be done to differentiate various types of Waardenburg syndrome and other associated auditory- pigmentary syndrome. We here report two cases of classical features of Waardenburg syndrome in siblings.
Accurate numerical simulation for non-Darcy double-diffusive mixed convection in a double lid-driven porous cavity using SEM

Abstract The non-Darcy double-diffusive mixed convection in a double lid-driven porous cavity with two thermosolutal sources is numerically investigated in this article, depicting the effects of different physical parameters on heat and mass transfer in the drying chamber. The flow is generated due to the motion of the horizontal moving lids and the buoyancy produced by the temperature and concentration gradients. The governing equations are discretized by the Legendre spectral element method (SEM) with high accuracy, and an improved time-splitting method is developed to deal with the coupled pressure and velocity in the Brinkman-Forchheimer extended Darcy model. The effects of Darcy number (Da = 10−5∼10−1), Richardson number (Ri = 10−2∼101), and buoyancy ratio (Br = −5 ∼ 5) are investigated, and numerical results are analyzed by contours of streamline, isotherm, heatline, isoconcentration, and massline in detail. Results reveal the pattern of heat and mass transfer with the variation on significant parameters by the average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers on the moving lids of the cavity.
INFERENCE USING SHAPE-RESTRICTED REGRESSION SPLINES

Regression splines are smooth, flexible, and parsimonious nonparametric function estimators. They are known to be sensitive to knot number and placement, but if assumptions such as monotonicity or convexity may be imposed on the regression function, the shape-restricted regression splines are robust to knot choices. Monotone regression splines were introduced by Ramsay [Statist. Sci. 3 (1998) 425-461], but were limited to quadratic and lower order. In this paper an algorithm for the cubic monotone case is proposed, and the method is extended to convex constraints and variants such as increasing-concave. The restricted versions have smaller squared error loss than the unrestricted splines, although they have the same convergence rates. The relatively small degrees of freedom of the model and the insensitivity of the fits to the knot choices allow for practical inference methods; the computational efficiency allows for back-fitting of additive models. Tests of constant versus increasing and linear versus convex regression function, when implemented with shape-restricted regression splines, have higher power than the standard version using ordinary shape-restricted regression.