Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research is Tentative, but That’s Okay: Overcoming Misconceptions about Scientific Tentativeness through Refutation Texts

ABSTRACT Prior research from the field of science communication shows that, upon reading journalistic articles about novel scientific findings, readers who recognize the tentative nature of the findings rate the journalistic article that reports these findings as less credible. Apparently, readers’ appraisal is influenced by misconceptions about the relationship of text credibility and the tentativeness of research findings. In four experimental studies (N = 301; N = 481; N = 68; N = 69) to test how this negative association might be overcome, we used different settings (online, laboratory), various samples (American, German), and different scientific topics (Deep Brain Stimulation, hypnotherapy, oceanic plastic pollution). We provided participants either with a refutation text that confronted the misjudgment of scientific tentativeness or with a control text. Refutation texts supported people in overcoming these misconceptions and even affected their behavior. Our results contribute to closing the gap between science communication and education, and carry important implications for practical implementation and further research.
Do Central Banks Need Capital?

Central banks may operate perfectly well without capital as conventionally defined. A large negative net worth, however, is likely to compromise central bank independence and interfere with its ability to attain policy objectives. If society values an independent central bank capable of effectively implementing monetary policy, recapitalization may become essential. Proper accounting practice in determining central bank profit or loss and rules governing the transfer of the central bank`s operating result to the treasury are also important. A variety of country-specific central bank practices are reviewed to support the argument.
Review of Verification Methodologies for Dynamic Reliability Block Diagram

Reliability modeling tool Dynamic Reliability Block Diagrams (DRBD) is widely used in modeling reliability of large and complex system. It gains highly achievement of dynamic behaviors like dynamics, dependencies, redundancy and load sharing. In order to guarantee the modeling results of DRBD are correct, widely used verification methodologies like Markov chain, Binary Decision Diagrams (BDD), Object-Z and Colored Petri Nets (CPN) are introduced to verify the DRBD model. The achievement of behavioral properties of DRBD, states and events modeling, whether the method is user-friendly to all kinds of system, whether the modeling process is productive, formal and automatic, whether there are formal tools to check the verification result of DRBD are picked as criteria to evaluate and compare these verification methods. The evaluation shows CPN is the best method.
Earnings quality following corporate acquisitions

Purpose - The paper aims to examine earnings quality during the post-acquisition period. Design/methodology/approach - The paper defines earnings quality as an earnings stream more closely associated with future cash flows from operations. It uses the stock market's reaction at the acquisition announcement to infer merger motives and hypothesize that synergy-motivated acquisitions will produce higher quality earnings than agency-motivated acquisitions. Findings - The paper finds that synergy-motivated acquisitions produce higher quality earnings than agency-motivated acquisitions. Research limitations/implications -The findings are consistent with this prediction and support the view that managers who pursue synergy or agency-motivated acquisitions do not face the same economic environment and incentive schemes. The results are also consistent with the notion that incentives for earnings management are greater following agency-motivated acquisitions when compared to those of synergy-motivated acquisitions. The authors conjecture that these differences originate from those accounting-based contracts that are likely impacted by reported post-acquisition balance sheet and income statement amounts. Practical implications - The findings of the paper show that the motive for the acquisition has lasting effect, several years post acquisition on the quality of earnings produced by the merged entity; thus furnishing additional importance to identifying the motive for the acquisition. Originality/value - The paper uses the corporate acquisition setting to examine earnings quality during the post-acquisition period. This paper should be relevant for researchers studying either the quality of earnings or corporate acquisitions.
Parenting Style as Correlates of Adolescents’ Academic Achievement Motivation of Bate Secondary School, Haramaya, Ethiopia

This study aimed at examining the relationship of adolescents’ academic achievement motivation and parenting styles. Data were collected from randomly selected 192 adolescent students (93 males and 99 females) through standardized scales of achievement motivation self-report inventory and parenting style scale. The data analysis has been done through both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. To this end, finding revealed that authoritarian parenting style is the most commonly practiced parenting style in the families of respondents among other three parenting styles (authoritative, indulgent and neglectful). There is a statistically significant relationship between authoritative parenting style and students’ academic achievement motivation. Significant relationship between authoritarian parenting style and students’ academic achievement motivation has also been reported. There is strong and negative relationship between neglectful parenting style and students’ academic achievement motivation. That it means, neglectful parenting negatively affects students’ academic motivation. As expected, significant relationship between indulgent parenting style and students’ academic motivation was not reported. In the end, some points were forwarded to suggest ways of properly addressing the gaps noted in this research.
On New Ventures’ Board of Directors: Formation, Adjustment, and Influences on Internationalization

To survive and grow, young firms must leverage different means, such as strategic alliances or founders' personal networks, to access and acquire necessary external resources to overcome, or at least mitigate, the liability of newness. In this study, we found that the board of directors can serve as a means of resource provision for new ventures. We conducted a historical analysis and case studies on high-tech new ventures, in order to delve deeply into the processes regarding how boards are formed, how board members provide these resources, and what factors influence the processes. Results showed that a board of directors is more likely to be formed when the funds are raised from institutional investors, rather of individual investors. Moreover, for founders, formation of the board connotes an exchange of partial ownership for critical external resources. When more resources are needed, founders adjust their boards. Adjustments of the board can be categorized into two: “planned board adjustments” are initiated by the founders to acquire external resources, while “required board adjustments” are set out by disgruntled board members, and reduced resource endowments of the firm. In addition, board members exploit their individual assets, experience, reputation, and personal networks to provide personally endowed resources to the new venture, and leverage their firms’ assets, reputation, and business networks to contribute organizationally endowed resources. Board members also facilitate new ventures’ internationalization.
Managing product recalls - factors that influence recall restitution and time to recall

A decision to recall products by firms can lead to negative consequences such as erosion of shareholder wealth and loss of customer goodwill. Further, the way a recall is managed can lead to more negative consequences than the recall decision itself. Therefore the manner in which firms manage such decisions can help mitigate these negative consequences. This thesis examines two such decisions: recall restitution and time to recall. A firm’s decisions on restitution offered to affected customers and time to recall may evoke conflicting reactions from shareholders and customers, where serving the interests of one stakeholder affects the interests of the other. While higher restitutions and faster recalls improve customer goodwill, they lead to erosion of shareholder wealth. This finding is used to hypothesize the influence of organizational characteristics (position of the firm in the value chain, firm’s internal operations, and firm’s recall experience), and key crisis factors (ambiguity and severity) on these decisions. This thesis uses data on toy recalls issued in the U.S. from 1988 to 2011. The results show that firms tend to favor shareholders by offering lower restitutions to affected customers when they are situated farther from the customer in the supply chain, when they have more experience with recalls, when the crisis is severe, and when the cause of the crisis is ambiguous. When the recall is due to the internal operations of the firm, restitution offered to
SPARQL on the Open, Decentralised Web

This dissertation discusses a broad range of problems concerning the use of the SPARQL query language on the open, public Web. It is motivated from seeing decentralisation of data and infrastructure as an important social goal, and SPARQL as an enabling technology to solve problems using the Semantic Web. The dissertation makes contributions in hypermedia, where RDF is used to create a format that can tell humans and machines alike how to manipulate resources on the Web; philosophy of science, where important foundational problems around how to create valid knowledge and objectivity are discussed; statistical methods that better satisfies the requirements from philosophy of science than current practice; how to improve developer efficiency with novel programming paradigms; and finally how caching infrastructure in the Internet may be used to make query answering across the Web more robust.
Work family conflict, perceived work overload and work exhaustion in employees of banking sector

Banking as a profession in Pakistan entails long work hours and pressures to perform the task in time and with accuracy. These professional responsibilities coupled with pressures from home responsibilities can be a precursor to mental and physical enervation and most importantly work exhaustion. The present cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the role of work family conflict, and perceived work overload in development of work exhaustion among banking professionals. Sample comprised of 125 banking professionals (74 males and 51 females). Results support the independent role of work family conflict and perceived work overload as positive predictors of work exhaustion. The study has important implications in strategic human resource planning and involved better understanding of work exhaustion for maintaining effective organizational performance mainly highlighting the balance between work home contagion and tasks at work.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MISSING VALUES HANDLING METHOD FOR EVALUATING THE SYSTEM/COMPONENT MAINTENANCE HISTORICAL DATA

Missing values are problems in data evaluation. Missing values analysis can resolve the problem of incomplete data that is not stored properly. The missing data can reduce the precision of calculation, since the amount of information is incomplete. The purpose of this study is to implement missing values handling method for systems/components maintenance historical data evaluation in RSG GAS. Statistical methods, such as listwise deletion and mean substitution, and machine learning (KNNI), were used to determine the missing data that correspond to the systems/components maintenance historical data. Mean substitution and KNNI methods were chosen since those methods do not require the formation of predictive models for each item which is experiencing missing data. Implementation of missing data analysis on systems/components maintenance data using KNNI method results in the smallest RMSE value. The result shows that KNNI method is the best method to handle missing value compared with listwise deletion or mean substitution. Keywords: missing value, data evaluation, alghorithm, implementation IMPLEMENTASI METODE PENANGANAN DATA HILANG UNTUK MENGEVALUASI DATA SEJARAH PERAWATAN SISTEM/ KOMPONEN . Data hilang merupakan masalah dalam melakukan evaluasi data. Analisis data hilang dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan ketidaklengkapan data yang tidak tersimpan dengan baik . Data yang hilang akan memperkecil presisi dari perhitungan, dikar enakan jumlah informasi yang tidak lengkap. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah implementasi metode penanganan data hilang untuk evaluasi data sejarah perawatan sistem/ komponen RSG GAS. Metodologi yang digunakan untuk menentukan data hilang yang berhubungan dengan data sejarah perawatan sistem/komponen adalah s tatistics , listwise deletion dan mean substitution , dan machine learning (KNNI). Metode mean substitution dan KNNI dipilih karena metode ini tidak memerlukan informasi untuk pembentukan model prediksi untuk setiap item y a ng mengandung data hilang . I mplementasi analisis data hilang pada data perawatan sistem/komponen menggunakan metode KNNI menghasilkan nilai RMSE terkecil. Hasil ini menunjukan bahwa metode KNNI merupakan metode terbaik untuk menangani data hilang dibanding dengan listwise deletion atau mean substitution . Kata kunci: data hilang, evaluasi data, algoritma, implementasi
Meta-Analytic Research in International Business and International Management

Over the past decade, international business and international management researchers have utilized meta-analytic approaches to synthesizing findings in the extant literature. This chapter reviews the studies published in the top five international business and management journals from 2004 to 2012. The review investigates major problems in the published meta-analyses by evaluating their overall analyses as well as the approaches utilized. The findings of this review reveal differences among the journals and improvements in the approaches applied in recent years. The chapter ends by discussing why and how international business and management researchers need to focus more on methodological fundamentals in their applications of meta-analysis.
How Static and Animated Pictures Contribute to Multi-level Mental Representations of Auditory Text in Seven-, Nine-, and Eleven-Year-Old Children

ABSTRACT In our current culture, children are exposed to a huge amount of audiovisual media, of which many formats include animated pictures, such as in videos, for instance. The current study addresses the use of audiovisual media in order to increase the effectiveness of learning and teaching. We examined how auditory text, audiovisual text with static pictures, and audiovisual text with dynamic pictures affect children’s text comprehension. For this purpose, we followed an approach that takes three levels of representation into account: the surface, the textbase, and the situation model. A sample of 108 children aged seven, nine, and eleven years listened to 12 narrative texts that were presented either without pictures, or with pictures that were either static or animated. We used a sentence recognition task to assess memory of all three levels of representation. Our results show that when audiovisual rather than auditory text was presented, surface and situation model representations but not textbase representations were higher. There was no difference between static and dynamic pictures for any level of representation.
An investigation of attitude, motivation and anxiety levels of students studying at a faculty of tourism towards vocational English course

The aim of the study is to analyze attitude, motivation and anxiety levels of students at a state university studying at faculty of tourism towards vocational English course. In the study, quantitative research and survey method were used. 325 students participated in the study voluntarily. Attitude Scale towards Vocational English Course, Attitude/Motivation Test Battery (AMTB) and Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) were used in the research to collect data. At the end of the study, the students' attitude and motivation levels towards vocational English course are at “Agree” level and their anxiety levels are at “Slightly agree” level. Attitude, motivation and anxiety levels of students did not differ in terms of age. There was a significant difference between attitude, motivation and anxiety levels in terms of department, achievement and extra time spent for the course. There was a significant difference for anxiety, while there was no significant difference for attitude and motivation levels in terms of gender. While there was no significant difference for attitude and anxiety, there was a significant difference for motivation in terms of tourism experience of the students.
Investigating Teachers’ Views of the Importance and Use of Critical Thinking in Dubai

Critical thinking is needed more than ever to handle various challenges accompanied with the rapid technological development. This study investigated mathematics and science teachers’ views about the importance and use of critical thinking. A sample of twenty-five middle and high school teachers from two private schools in UAE participated in the research. The participants attended a critical thinking professional development and shared their views about eight strategies to develop students’ critical thinking dispositions. The results show thatteachers acknowledge the importance of various methodsto promote students’ critical thinking, yet they still prefer using traditional teaching methods over student centered learning. Science teachers saw more value in project-based learning and debate while math teachers prioritized questioning and problem based learning for the purpose of fostering their students’ critical thinking. Teachers found a great value in the professional development that they have attended as part of the research. The study recommends further teacher trainings to effectivelyimplement enhanced teaching methods and promote their studentsto the level of master critical thinkers.
Foreign Exchange Intervention Under Policy Uncertainty

We study the use of foreign exchange (FX) intervention as an additional policy instrument in anenvironment with learning, where agents infer the central bank policy rules from its policy actions.Under full information, a central bank focused on stabilizing output and inflation can achievebetter outcomes by using FX intervention as an additional policy tool. Under policy uncertainty,where agents perceive that monetary policy may also have exchange rate stabilization goals, theuse of FX intervention entails a trade-off, reducing output volatility while increasing inflationvolatility. While having an additional policy tool is always beneficial, we find that the optimalmagnitude of intervention is higher in monetary policy regimes with lower uncertainty. Theseresults indicate that the benefits of using FX intervention as an additional stabilization tool aregreater in regimes where monetary policy is credibly focused on output and inflation stabilization.
The effect of message framing on environmental behavior within an exploratory study about using social media as a method to collect data

OF THESIS THE EFFECT OF MESSAGE FRAMING ON ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR WITHIN AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ABOUT USING SOCIAL MEDIA AS A METHOD TO COLLECT DATA More and more, traditional research methodologies face limitations of increased non-response rates and lack of participation by a diversity of respondents. The influence of normative messages has also been examined but prior studies indicate the need for further investigation regarding the impact visual stimuli has on environmental behavioral. In this study I examine the influence of message framing on environmental behaviors within an exploratory study using social media as a method to collect data. Based on the results from 69 participants comparing two on-line videos, results show that messages with economics frames yielded no differences in likelihood to engage in environmental behaviors compared to messages with a frame based on social norms. This particular method reached a homogenous group of respondents with similar values about nature and the environment. It is also concluded that popular on-line social media sites such as Facebook have limited ability to draw a random sample of survey participants. David K Ford Human Dimensions of Natural Resources Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO 80523 Fall 2010 ii
“We’re not uber:” control, autonomy, and entrepreneurship in the gig economy

PurposeUnlike the effect of management styles on employee attitudes, little is known about the effect of managerial assumptions on workers within the gig economy. The purpose of this paper is to utilize McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y as a framework to discuss two gig economy platforms and how their differing management assumptions affect worker perceptions of themselves as entrepreneurs.Design/methodology/approachThe author utilized qualitative interviews and demographic surveys with 41 contract workers from TaskRabbit, a personal assistant platform, and Kitchensurfing, a “rent-a-chef” service, to examine the impact of differing management assumptions on independent contractor perceptions of themselves as entrepreneurs.FindingsThe Theory X management assumptions and correlated behaviors directly contradict the entrepreneurial ethos marketed by the platforms, resulting in a psychological contract violation for workers and negative responses to the platform. In comparison, Theory Y managerial assumptions and correlated behaviors can be utilized to encourage worker innovation, creativity and sense of self as an entrepreneur.Practical implicationsAs the gig economy continues to grow, algorithms are likely to take on increased importance as a management tool. Although some have suggested that such algorithms may reduce the impact of a capricious manager, the fact remains that algorithms are created by management. If the gig economy intends to encourage entrepreneurship, additional attention must be paid to how differing management assumptions, and their resulting behaviors and algorithms, affect worker attitudes and experience.Originality/valueThis study represents one of the initial academic investigations into how the Theory X and Theory Y management assumptions and correlated perspectives may be applied to independent contractors within the gig economy. Additionally, this study is among the first to examine how gig worker attitudes toward platform firms, and views of themselves as entrepreneurs, are affected by algorithm-implemented management policies.
Relationships between Corporate Social Responsibility, Work Engagement and Organizational Commitment: Explanatory Role of Organizational Identification

________________ Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Rashid Ahmad, PhD, Additional Registrar, COMSATS Institute of information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. Email: rakhan@ciitlahore.edu. pk Talat Islam, PhD, Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Administration, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. Email: talatislam@yahoo.com Relationships between Corporate Social Responsibility, Work Engagement and Organizational Commitment: Explanatory Role of Organizational Identification