Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aripiprazole for the Treatment of Antipsychotic-Induced Hyperprolactinemia in an Adolescent Boy.

[Author Affiliation]Rebecca L. Curran. 1 Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.Ismail A. Badran. 2 Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.Virginia Peppers. 2 Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.Ernest V. Pedapati. 3 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.Christoph U. Correll. 4 Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Hofstra North Shore LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York.Melissa P. DelBello. 5 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.Funding: This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award F30 AI 109893-02 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, an NIH Medical Scientist Training Program (Grant No. T32 GM063483). Address correspondence to: Ismail Badran, MD, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 6015, Cincinnati, OH 45229, E-mail: ismail.badran@cchmc.orgIntroductionSecond-generation antipsychotics (SGA) have numerous metabolic and hormonal side effects (Li et al. 2013). However, there is no standard treatment approach to SGA-induced hyperprolactinemia in adolescents. We present the report of a potential strategy for this condition.CaseD.S. is a 17-year-old boy with bipolar disorder with psychotic features who was evaluated for short stature of more than two standard deviations below mean. D.S. had stable mood for over 1 year while taking paliperidone 6 mg twice daily and lithium 600 mg each morning and 900 mg at bedtime.Laboratories revealed elevated prolactin (185.2 ng/mL, normal: 1.9-14.5 ng/mL) and low total testosterone (34 ng/dL, normal: 158-826 ng/dL), with normal cortisol and thyroid stimulating hormone. The endocrinologist's recommendation was to rapidly decrease D.S. 's prolactin levels and begin exogenous growth hormone to increase height before growth plate fusion (Table 1). [Table omitted; see PDF] Paliperidone was cross-tapered with aripiprazole over 1 month. Three weeks after discontinuation, his prolactin was 124 ng/mL (-33%), but he had an exacerbation of mood and psychotic symptoms. Psychomotor agitation and akathisia prompted a switch to valproic acid. Over the following weeks, D.S. developed constant head and tongue movements suggestive of withdrawal of dyskinesia, along with grandiose delusions with command visual and auditory hallucinations. Although his prolactin level normalized to 5.2 ng/mL, the patient as well as his family and treating clinicians decided to restart his original regimen. Head and tongue movements completely resolved within 5 days, and psychotic symptoms resolved over the next 2 weeks.D.S. was then started on concomitant aripiprazole 2. …
Apolipoprotein E Phenotype Regulates Cholesterol Absorption in Healthy 13-Month-Old Children–The STRIP Study

High serum cholesterol concentration is one of the key risk factors in development of atherosclerosis, which may begin early in life and later progress to symptomatic coronary heart disease. In adults, apoE polymorphism strongly influences cholesterol metabolism, as subjects with apoE 3/4 or 4/4 (collectively called apoE4) phenotype absorb cholesterol effectively and thus also have higher cholesterol absorption-reflecting plant sterol concentrations in serum than subjects with other apoE phenotypes. Because of the inverse correlation of absorption and synthesis of cholesterol, concentrations of cholesterol synthesis-reflecting serum cholesterol precursor sterols are lower in subjects with apoE4 than in subjects with other phenotypes. To analyze whether apoE phenotype affects cholesterol absorption and synthesis in early childhood, we measured serum plant sterol (campesterol and sitosterol) and cholesterol precursor sterol (desmosterol and lathosterol) concentrations in healthy 13-month old children using gas-liquid chromatography. The 36 study children were participants in a randomized prospective trial (the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project) aimed at decreasing exposure of the children to environmental atherosclerosis risk factors. The 16 apoE4 children had 30% to 50% higher cholesterol-adjusted campesterol and sitosterol concentrations in serum than the 20 apoE 3/3 children (p = 0.002 and p = 0.02, respectively). The concentrations of cholesterol precursor sterols in serum did not differ between the two groups of children. We conclude that the young apoE4 children may absorb cholesterol and plant sterols more effectively than the children with apoE 3/3 phenotype without compensatory reduction in endogenous synthesis of cholesterol.
Plant adaptation or acclimation to rising CO2? Insight from first multigenerational RNA‐Seq transcriptome

Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) directly determines the rate of plant photosynthesis and indirectly effects plant productivity and fitness and may therefore act as a selective pressure driving evolution, but evidence to support this contention is sparse. Using Plantago lanceolata L. seed collected from a naturally high CO2 spring and adjacent ambient CO2 control site, we investigated multigenerational response to future, elevated atmospheric CO2. Plants were grown in either ambient or elevated CO2 (700 μmol mol−1), enabling for the first time, characterization of the functional and population genomics of plant acclimation and adaptation to elevated CO2. This revealed that spring and control plants differed significantly in phenotypic plasticity for traits underpinning fitness including above‐ground biomass, leaf size, epidermal cell size and number and stomatal density and index. Gene expression responses to elevated CO2 (acclimation) were modest [33–131 genes differentially expressed (DE)], whilst those between control and spring plants (adaptation) were considerably larger (689–853 DE genes). In contrast, population genomic analysis showed that genetic differentiation between spring and control plants was close to zero, with no fixed differences, suggesting that plants are adapted to their native CO2 environment at the level of gene expression. An unusual phenotype of increased stomatal index in spring but not control plants in elevated CO2 correlated with altered expression of stomatal patterning genes between spring and control plants for three loci (YODA, CDKB1;1 and SCRM2) and between ambient and elevated CO2 for four loci (ER, YODA, MYB88 and BCA1). We propose that the two positive regulators of stomatal number (SCRM2) and CDKB1;1 when upregulated act as key controllers of stomatal adaptation to elevated CO2. Combined with significant transcriptome reprogramming of photosynthetic and dark respiration and enhanced growth in spring plants, we have identified the potential basis of plant adaptation to high CO2 likely to occur over coming decades.
Navigating the Public Cloud Labyrinth : A Study of Price , Capacity , and Scaling Granularity Trade-offs

Public clouds offer numerous virtual machine (VM) types with complex trade-offs that tenants must navigate for cost-effective resource procurement. We identify three key qualitative axes using which these trade-offs can be succinctly expressed: price dynamism, offered capacity dynamism, and granularity of resource scaling. We offer several examples of contemporary VM offerings and where they fit within our scheme. Using our classification, we argue that related work lacks techniques for effectively navigating this trade-off space. We attempt to fill this gap by devising modeling and control techniques that combine Amazon EC2 style spot and on-demand instances with fine-grained resource allocation knobs that have begun to be offered by public clouds. We implement a Memcached prototype tenant that procures VMs from Amazon EC2 using our techniques. Using extensive evaluation based on real-world workload and spot price traces, we demonstrate the efficacy of our approach (e.g., 40% cost savings compared to a baseline while maintaining performance goals).
Superficial White Matter: Effects of Age, Sex, and Hemisphere

Structural and diffusion imaging studies demonstrate effects of age, sex, and asymmetry in many brain structures. However, few studies have addressed how individual differences might influence the structural integrity of the superficial white matter (SWM), comprised of short-range association (U-fibers), and intracortical axons. This study thus applied a sophisticated computational analysis approach to structural and diffusion imaging data obtained from healthy individuals selected from the International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM) database across a wide adult age range (n=65, age: 18-74 years, all Caucasian). Fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD) were sampled and compared at thousands of spatially matched SWM locations and within regions-of-interest to examine global and local variations in SWM integrity across age, sex, and hemisphere. Results showed age-related reductions in FA that were more pronounced in the frontal SWM than in the posterior and ventral brain regions, whereas increases in RD and AD were observed across large areas of the SWM. FA was significantly greater in left temporoparietal regions in men and in the posterior callosum in women. Prominent leftward FA and rightward AD and RD asymmetries were observed in the temporal, parietal, and frontal regions. Results extend previous findings restricted to the deep white matter pathways to demonstrate regional changes in the SWM microstructure relating to processes of demyelination and/or to the number, coherence, or integrity of axons with increasing age. SWM fiber organization/coherence appears greater in the left hemisphere regions spanning language and other networks, while more localized sex effects could possibly reflect sex-specific advantages in information strategies.
Comment on “Productivity Is a Poor Predictor of Plant Species Richness”

Adler et al. (Reports, 23 September 2011, p. 1750) analyzed the standardized sampling data from 48 herbaceous-dominated plant communities and concluded that “Productivity is a poor predictor of plant species richness” at fine-scale. However, their method was biased toward site-number–dominated plant communities. They also failed to provide enough data for regional analysis and detailed information for within-site analysis.
Effect of nonselective and selective COX-2 inhibitors on memory dysfunction, glutathione system, and tumor necrosis factor alpha level against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury

Involvement of the glutathione system is well established in stroke-induced memory dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of celecoxib (a selective cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2] inhibitor), nimesulide (a preferential COX-2 inhibitor), and ibuprofen (a nonselective COX-2 inhibitor) against bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO)-induced memory dysfunction. BCCAO for 30 minutews, followed by 24-hour reperfusion, significantly delayed transfer latency in the plus-maze performance task and shortened fall-off time in the hanging-wire experimental test. Besides significant alterations in glutathione defense (i.e., glutathione S-transferase and redox ratio), increased acetylcholinesterase activity and proinflammatory marker (tumor necrosis factor alpha TNF-α) in the hippocampus was seen. Seven days of treatment with celecoxib (3 and 10 mg/kg, p.o.), nimesulide (10 mg/kg, p.o.), and ibuprofen (30 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly improved behavioral alterations and glutathione defense and attenuated acetylcholinesterase activity and TNF-α levels, as compared to the control (i.e., ischemic reperfusion) group. The present study highlights the neuroprotective effect of celecoxib and nimesulide against ischemia reperfusion injury-induced memory dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and oxidative damage.
A human XRCC4–XLF complex bridges DNA

DNA double-strand breaks pose a significant threat to cell survival and must be repaired. In higher eukaryotes, such damage is repaired efficiently by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Within this pathway, XRCC4 and XLF fulfill key roles required for end joining. Using DNA-binding and -bridging assays, combined with direct visualization, we present evidence for how XRCC4–XLF complexes robustly bridge DNA molecules. This unanticipated, DNA Ligase IV-independent bridging activity by XRCC4–XLF suggests an early role for this complex during end joining, in addition to its more well-established later functions. Mutational analysis of the XRCC4–XLF C-terminal tail regions further identifies specialized functions in complex formation and interaction with DNA and DNA Ligase IV. Based on these data and the crystal structure of an extended protein filament of XRCC4–XLF at 3.94 Å, a model for XRCC4–XLF complex function in NHEJ is presented.
Numerical Testing of Power System Load Flow Equivalents

Twenty one different versions of four topological load-flow equivalencing approaches have been tested on a number of power systems. From these tests, it has been possible to ascribe some general properties, in terms of accuracy and conditioning, to the equivalents. Several new and very competitive versions were developed during the work, and are presented here. The results of the tests provide a strong guide to the choice of specific equivalents for practical on- and off-line applications.
Phytochemical Screening and Effects of MethanolicExtract of AzadirachtaIndica Leaf in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

Phytochemical screening and antidiabetic effects of methanolic extract of Azadirachtaindica leaf was investigated in Alloxan induced diabetic rats. The phytochemical screening indicates the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins and phenolic compounds. The methanolic leaf extract of A. indica administered orally, significantly (P<0.05) lowered blood glucose concentration (mg/dl) in alloxan induced diabetic rats from (444.75 + 36.36) to (83.00 + 4.26) at 500mg/kg b.w while the standard drug Glibenclamide significantly (P<0.05) lowered blood glucose from (350.75 + 60.91) to (84.50 + 569) at 0.6mg/kg b.w. The methanolic leaf extract had no significant (P>0.05) effect on the weight of the rats. However, there was significant weight (g) loss for the untreated rats from (167.25 + 2.01) to (129 + 1.89). In this study, the results obtained revealed that A. indica is a potent hypoglycemic agent as Glibenclamide and could serve as a remedy in the management and treatment of diabetes mellitus.
The Role of Social Capital in Knowledge Sharing: A Meta-Analytic Review

Social interaction has been viewed as an important trigger for knowledge sharing. Previous studies have shown difference in both direction and magnitude of relationships between the determinants and knowledge sharing outcomes. By combing the social capital theory, the theory of reasoned action (TRA), and the technology acceptance model (TAM), the present study proposes an integrated model of knowledge sharing from the social capital perspective at individual level. A meta-analysis of 30 empirical studies provides support for the hypotheses. Social capital will play different roles toward different knowledge sharing outcomes. The implications of these results are discussed.
Deep transverse friction massage for treating tendinitis.

BACKGROUND Deep transverse friction massage (DTFM) is one of several physiotherapy interventions suggested for the management of tendinitis pain. OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy of DTFM for treating tendinitis. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, HealthSTAR, Sports Discus, CINAHL, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, PEDro, the specialized registry of the Cochrane musculoskeletal group and the Cochrane field of Physical and Related Therapies up to the end of June 2002. The reference list of the trials and key experts in the area were also consulted for additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing therapeutic ultrasound with control or another active intervention in patients with all types of tendinitis, such as iliotibial band friction syndrome and extensor carpi radialis tendinitis (i.e. tennis elbow or lateral epicondylitis or lateralis epicondylitis humeri), were selected. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers determined the studies to be included based upon the inclusion and exclusion criteria (LB, VR). Data were independently abstracted by two reviewers (VR, LB), and checked by a third reviewer (BS) using a pre-developed form of the Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group. The two reviewers, using a validated checklist, assessed the methodological quality of the RCTs and CCTs independently. The pooled analysis was performed using weighted mean differences (WMDs) for continuous outcomes. MAIN RESULTS One RCT included patients with ITBFS. DTFM combined with rest, stretching exercises, cryotherapy and therapeutic ultrasound was compared to the control group (rest, stretching exercises, cryotherapy and therapeutic ultrasound only). This trial showed no statistical difference in the three types of pain relief measured after four consecutive sessions of DTFM combined with other physiotherapy modalities for runners. There was a clinically important relative percentage difference in pain while running of 22%. A RCT on ECRT showed no statistical difference in pain relief, grip strength and the three types of functional status measured after 9 consecutive sessions within 5 weeks of DTFM compared with other physiotherapy modalities. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS DTFM combined with other physiotherapy modalities did not show consistent benefit over the control of pain, or improvement of grip strength and functional status for patients with ITBFS or for patients with ECRT. These conclusions are limited by the small sample size of the included RCTs. No conclusions can be drawn concerning the use or non use of DTFM for the treatment of ITBFS. Future trials, utilizing specific ITBFS methods and adequate sample sizes are needed, before conclusions can be drawn regarding the specific effect of DTFM on tendinitis.
Volatility modeling

• So far we have maintained the assumption of iid data in the estimation of distributions and risk measures. However, this assumption does not hold for financial data, which are known to be intertemporally dependent, especially in the volatility. Estimation of risk measures under the assumption of iid can be viewed as unconditional estimates. In contrast, we can model the intertemporal dependence explicitly and calculate conditional risk measures based on prior information.
Gramicidin A Induces Metabolic Dysfunction and Energy Depletion Leading to Cell Death in Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells

Ionophores are lipid-soluble organic molecules that disrupt cellular transmembrane potential by rendering biologic membranes permeable to specific ions. They include mobile-carriers that complex with metal cations and channel-formers that insert into the membrane to form hydrophilic pores. Although mobile-carriers possess anticancer properties, investigations on channel-formers are limited. Here, we used the channel-forming ionophore gramicidin A to study its effects on the growth and survival of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells. RCC is a histologically heterogeneous malignancy that is highly resistant to conventional treatments. We found that gramicidin A reduced the in vitro viability of several RCC cell lines at submicromolar concentrations (all IC50 < 1.0 μmol/L). Gramicidin A exhibited similar toxicity in RCC cells regardless of histologic subtype or the expression of either the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene or its downstream target, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. Gramicidin A decreased cell viability equal to or greater than the mobile-carrier monensin depending on the cell line. Mechanistic examination revealed that gramicidin A blocks ATP generation by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, leading to cellular energy depletion and nonapoptotic cell death. Finally, gramicidin A effectively reduced the growth of RCC tumor xenografts in vivo. These results show a novel application of gramicidin A as a potential therapeutic agent for RCC therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(11); 2296–307. ©2013 AACR.
Language and Music in the Musician Brain

Results of numerous experiments conducted over the past 15 years by using behavioural as well as brain imaging methods have shown that musical expertise influences brain anatomy, brain functions and behaviour. The musician’ brain is thus considered as a very good model of brain plasticity. Moreover, many results have demonstrated that musical expertise not only impacts on music processing but also on several aspects of speech processing including lexical pitch, sentence intonation and the metric structure of words. Conversely, recent results indicated that linguistic expertise with tone or quantity languages such as Mandarin Chinese, Thai, Finnish and Japanese, influences the processing of harmonic tones and musical intervals. We discuss possible interpretations of these findings in terms of common processing of the acoustic parameters involved in music and speech and in terms of bidirectional transfer of training effects between music and speech processing.
Treatment of prostate cancer with intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).

The Guidelines Project, an initiative of the Brazilian Medical Association, aims to combine information from the medical field in order to standardize procedures to assist the reasoning and decision-making of doctors. The information provided through this project must be assessed and criticized by the physician responsible for the conduct that will be adopted, depending on the conditions and the clinical status of each patient.
IBM POWER8 performance features and evaluation

The IBM POWER8™ processor was designed for high performance on traditional server workloads as well as big data, analytics, and cloud workloads. In this paper, we describe key performance features of the IBM POWER8 processor. These include hardware assists that allow the POWER8 processor to automatically adapt to changing workloads by dynamically monitoring and tuning itself, enhancements to hardware instrumentation for performance monitoring, and performance improvements for encryption, virtualization, and I/O. We also describe the performance characteristics of a wide variety of applications, and we present the results of these applications running on POWER8 processor-based systems compared with previous generations of IBM Power Systems™.