Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ECORFAN-Republic of Guatemala Indexing Academic Google

Psoriasis is an inflammatory, autoimmune disease. Nail affection occurs in 40 to 50%, however, frequently the management is not adequate. Nowadays a wide range of therapeutic options are availa-ble that includes topic, intralesional or systemic drugs and also biologic agents; none has been 100% effective. Every option present advantages, and adverse effects, that must be considered based on the severity of nail compromise, clinical type of psoriasis and patient to treat. Nail psoriasis, topic treatments, systemic treatments, biological agents, indications, side effects. Citation: NAVARRO-DURÁN Llary, TORRES-GUERRERO Edoardo, GONZÁLEZ-MEDINA Elisa Monserrat, RAMOS-BETANCOURT Laura and LACY, Rosa María. Therapeutic alternatives in ungueal psoriasis. Brief review of its pros and cons. ECORFAN Journal-Republic of Guatemala 2015, 1-1: 1-9 * Correspondence to Author (email: lalotorresg@yahoo.com.mx) † Researcher contributing first author. © ECORFAN Journal Republic of Guatemala www.ecorfan. org/republicofguatemala
Knowledge and perceived competence among nurses caring for the dying in long-term care homes.

BACKGROUND The quality of care provided to dying long-term care (LTC) residents is often inadequate, which may be due to the lack of formal training that LTC staff receive in palliative care (PC). The present cross-sectional study assessed PC knowledge and self-efficacy in ability to provide PC in a sample of registered nurses working in LTC homes. METHOD A survey was conducted in four LTC homes in October 2009 to June 2010. Nursing staff knowledge of PC was evaluated using the Palliative Care Quiz for Nurses (PCQN). The Self-Efficacy in End-of-Life Care Survey (S-EOLC) was used to measure nursing staff confidence in their ability to provide PC. FINDINGS Close to 60% of the nursing staff participated (69 of 119). The participants did not score highly on the PCQN: the average correct score ranged from 52.50% to 63.41% across the homes. There were no significant differences between the homes for the mean number of correct responses on the PCQN (P=0.329) or mean scores for the three S-EOLC subscales. Rank ordering of the percentage of correct PCQN answers by item and LTC home demonstrated that similar misconceptions were held across homes. CONCLUSION Despite their confidence in PC practice, the participants' PC knowledge gap reveals a need for PC training for staff working in LTC homes. The PC education and training provided should both include a gerontological perspective and address the expertise and knowledge already held by staff.
Prevalence of Cysticercus bovis in different organs of slaughtered cattle

Objective: Bovine cysticercosis is a cattle infection caused by a tapeworm, Taenia saginata. While the condition is relatively innocuous, the parasite infects the small intestine of humans in its mature stage and causes a few specific symptoms such as abdominal pain and nausea. Methods: Between February 2013 and February 2014, a total of 640 cattle were randomly selected from all the cattle sent to the abattoir, and some internal organs and skeletal muscles of these cattle were inspected. Results: Overall, 11 (1.71%) cattle were infected with the larval form of the cestode parasite T. saginata. In addition, the infection was more prevalent in cattle aged above 12 months than in those aged below 12 months [10 (2.06%) vs. 1 (0.64%)]. The prevalence of infection was significantly higher in female animals [8 (3.72%)] than in male animals [3 (0.70%)] (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the rates in the 2 age groups or in different seasons. While the infections were detected in several visceral organs, no significant difference was found between their infection rates. Conclusion: The comparatively high prevalence of Cysticercus bovis infection in the cattle in Tabriz, Iran, may contribute to economic and health problems in the country’s meat industry. On the other hand, the role of public health education in C. bovis infection control cannot be neglected.
Petroleum Products Price Fluctuations and Economic Growth in Cameroon

Commodity exports have over the years been the main source of foreign exchange earnings to most developing countries. This is especially the case with crude oil producing countries such as Cameroon since the discovery of oil in the late 1970s. However, as evident in the economic crises era of the mid 1980s, this exposes the commodity dependent country to heavy external shocks such as price fluctuations which affect the level of growth of the country. It is in this light that this study was conducted to examine the effect of petroleum products (crude oil) price fluctuations on the economic growth of Cameroon. Secondary data from1980 to 2013 were used to estimate the coefficients of the ordinary least square technique used to analyse the dependency between the dependent and independent variables of the phenomenon. The results obtained reveal that petroleum product prices have a positive significant effect on the economic growth of Cameroon, while the volume of trade to GDP (openness) and real interest rate have a negative significant effect on the economic growth of the country. Human factors (demand and supply imbalances, and interest rates) and natural factors (geographical location and resource endowment) are the principal causes of variations in the prices of petroleum products among different regions. From these, it is suggested that for Cameroon to benefit from the global trade process by opening up to the rest of the world, the revenue generated from crude oil exploitation should be re-directed towards investment in both human and physical capital so as to enhance the productive capacity of the nation, especially in the manufacturing and transport sectors.
Family structure, residential mobility, and school dropout: A research note

This paper examines the hypothesis that high levels of residential mobility among nonintact families account for part of the well-known association between living in a nonintact family and dropping out of high school. Children from single-parent families and stepfamilies are more likely than children from two-parent families to move during the school year. As much as 30% of the difference in the risk of dropping out between children from stepfamilies and children from intact families can be explained by differences in residential mobility. Previously, mechanisms explaining school failure on the part of children in nonintact families were more plausible for children in single-parent families than for children in stepfamilies; high levels of residential mobility apply to both groups of children. In addition, residential mobility lends itself to manipulation by public policy, with potentially remedial effects for vulnerable children. Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the 1990 meetings of the American Sociological Association, held in Washington DC, and at the 1991 meetings of the Eastern Sociological Society held in Providence. We are grateful to Andrew Cherlin, Melvin Kohn, Gary Sandefur, and several anonymous referees for their valuable comments, to Robert Davis for his computational assistance, and to Tobey H. Sohn and Teresa A. Withers for secretarial help. Support to the senior author was provided by the National Institute on Aging under Grant HD 19375-03 and by the W.T. Grant Faculty Scholars Award. Support for computing facilities was provided by a grant to the Hopkins Population Center (PD30 H006268-19). 1994 Population Association of America
Momentum and Foreign Investors: Evidence from the Korean Stock Market

Abstract: We examine whether the price impact of foreign investors on the Korean stock market from December 2000 to February 2007 generated a momentum phenomenon. In our empirical results, foreigners seem to have exerted a significantly positive impact on prices in “up” markets (periods of positive stock returns), but have had little impact on prices in “down” markets (periods of negative returns). We document that the impact of foreigners’ trades is concentrated in large companies. Most importantly, when the market is in the up state, the returns of stocks of large companies that were positively affected by foreign investors in the previous six-month period continue to increase in the subsequent six-month period. As a result, the subsequent six-month return on a past “winner” stock portfolio is significantly higher than that on a past “loser” stock portfolio. This brings to mind a momentum phenomenon that has been reported not to exist in the Korean stock market.
Protein S declines during winter respiratory infections

Summary. There is an increase in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality in the older adult population during the winter that could be related to prothrombotic changes caused by seasonal effects or acute respiratory tract infections. Therefore, a prospective cohort study was conducted to assess the effect of acute winter respiratory infection on hemostatic parameters including complement 4b‐binding protein (C4‐BP), functional protein S, total protein S, free protein S, and the inflammatory marker, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), in younger and older adults. The changes in the levels of hemostatic and inflammatory markers during winter respiratory infections in the younger and older adults were compared with matched, non‐infected controls. In younger and older adults (combined), total protein S increased from 83% [95% confidence interval (CI); 77–88] to 98% (95% CI; 91–106, P < 0.001) while free protein S decreased from 100% (95% CI; 95–105) to 70% (95% CI; 66–75, P < 0.001). There were no significant changes in C4‐BP (P = 0.622), functional protein S (P = 0.061) or IL‐6 (P = 0.651) from baseline. In a multivariate analysis, only total protein S and free protein S showed significant association with seasonal change after adjusting for the effect of infection. The estimated effect of season on total protein S was 15 ± 4%, P < 0.001 and on free protein S was −27 ± 3%, P < 0.001. After adjusting for seasonal effect, only functional protein S showed a significant association with infection, with the estimated effect of −17 ± 5%, P < 0.001. The results in the younger and older adults were similar to those in the combined groups. Seasonal and infection‐related changes in hemostatic parameters including an increase in fibrinogen and a decrease in free protein S, observed in this study, may contribute to thrombotic risk and excess vascular disease morbidity and mortality in older populations in the winter season.
Comparison of Microleakage of Class V Cavities restored with the Embrace WetBond Class V Composite Resin and Conventional Opallis Composite Resin.

PURPOSE This study was undertaken to compare the micro-leakage of class V cavities restored with the newly introduced Embrace WetBond class V (EWC) composite resin and conventional Opallis composite resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in vitro study, class V cavities were prepared on 30 extracted bovine incisors, with the gingival floor and the coronal margin of the cavities 1 mm apical and coronal to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) respectively. The cavities measured 3 mm in length, 2 mm in width, and 1.5 mm in depth. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups. In group I, the cavities were restored with Opallis composite resin in association with ExciTE adhesive system (total-etch); in group II, the EWC composite resin was used for restorations. After 500 thermocycling procedures, the teeth were immersed in 0.5% fuchsin solution for 24 hours. Then, the samples were placed within a polyester model and sectioned in the buccolingual direction. The samples were evaluated under a stereomicroscope at ×30 for the penetration of dye. The enamel and dentin margins were evaluated separately. To test ordinal results, we used nonparametric statistical methods. To find out whether each independent composite groups I and II came from the same populations, we used Mann-Whitney U test and to compare two related samples' coronal margin and gingival margin, Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used. RESULTS There was significantly more microleakage in group II at both the enamel and dentin margins (coronal margin: p = 0.04; gingival margin: p = 0.21). In both groups, microleakage at gingival margins was significantly higher than that at coronal margins (group I: p = 0.008; group II: p = 0.26). CONCLUSION Despite the high speed and the short process of restoration with Embrace WetBond, it is not a reliable restorative material for class V cavities due to its inadequate marginal seal.
Reemergence of sexual dysfunction in patients with major depressive disorder: double-blind comparison of nefazodone and sertraline.

BACKGROUND Several different classes of antidepressants have been associated with sexual adverse effects. This double-blind, randomized trial compared the effects of nefazodone and sertraline on reemergence of sexual dysfunction in depressed patients who had experienced sexual dysfunction as a result of sertraline treatment. Depressive symptoms were also monitored. METHOD One hundred five patients with DSM-III-R major depressive episode who were experiencing sexual dysfunction attributable to sertraline (100 mg/day) were screened for entry. Eligible patients entered a 1-week washout period that was followed by a 7- to 10-day single-blind placebo phase. Patients without symptoms of sexual dysfunction at the end of the single-blind placebo phase were randomly assigned to receive double-blind treatment with either nefazodone (400 mg/day) or sertraline (100 mg/day) for 8 weeks. RESULTS Nearly 3 times more sertraline-treated patients (76%; 25/33) experienced reemergence of sexual dysfunction (ejaculatory and/or orgasmic difficulty) than did nefazodone-treated patients (26%; 10/39) (p < .001). In addition, patients treated with nefazodone were more satisfied with their sexual functioning than were patients treated with sertraline. Both treatment groups demonstrated a similar and sustained improvement in depressive symptoms. Both drugs were well tolerated, and the overall incidence of adverse reactions was similar for both treatment groups; however, 9 sertraline-treated patients (26%) discontinued because of adverse events compared with 5 nefazodone-treated patients (12%). Of the patients discontinuing therapy for adverse events, 5 of the sertraline-treated patients did so because of sexual dysfunction reported as an adverse event, whereas only 1 of the nefazodone-treated patients discontinued therapy secondary to sexual dysfunction. CONCLUSION In this sample of patients with major depression who had recovered from sexual dysfunction induced by treatment with sertraline, nefazodone treatment resulted in significantly less reemergence of sexual dysfunction than did renewed treatment with sertraline and provided continued antidepressant activity.
The regulation and enforcement of nutrition and health claims for food

The regulation of food is a contested domain (Ansell and Vogel, 2006). Who should bear responsibility for manufacture, distribution, sale and supply and consumption of the food we consume is one of the overriding political questions of our time. The legal, moral and political authority for the regulation of food faces challenges and is subject to intense negotiation. This study sets out to explore one small part of this multifaceted and global debate. The regulation of nutrition and health claims represents a concentrated area of the broader treatise. Nutrition and health claims are common in commercial communications used in the promotion of food. The use of such claims is strictly controlled by the Nutrition and Health Claims (England) Regulation 2007 and much has been written about the rationale for the Regulation. By contrast, the study of the enforcement of the Regulation is relatively neglected. The original contribution to knowledge made by this work is the finding that the enforcement of the regulation relies on the application of the broad discretion allowed to local authority enforcers and this results in variances in enforcement style. Notwithstanding such differences in style, one clear theme emerged: that enforcers largely deploy an accommodative approach based on advice rather than a deterrent approach reliant on prosecution. The study adopts a qualitative methodology with semi-structured interviews of those responsible for the enforcement of the law, namely trading standards officers and environmental health officers to assess their views and attitudes. It was found that factors affecting the application of the discretion ranged from the local priorities of the authority and the availability of resources to effectively control the use of such claims. While the discretion allowed for authorities to respond to the particular needs of their community, it makes for a ‘postcode lottery’ in differences in the way in which the same claims that are used across multiple authorities are enforced. It was found that in common with other legislation where enforcement is ceded to local authorities, the system of enforcement would benefit from greater consistency of practice.
An Analysis for the Northern Key Economic Region: Vietnam Based on the Input - Output Table Non- competitive Style

The development of the Northern key economic region of Vietnam is one of the main motivations for the economic development of Vietnam. The analysis and selection of appropriate directions for the region is very important for the overall development of this region and the nation. This paper uses input â€“ output model (I/O), an effective quantitative tool with the purpose of offering a scientific basis for key sectors selection, investment areas need to be prioritized for the development of the Northern key economic region. The input â€“ output model, which are used in this study, is the expansion intra-regional I/O table with non-competitive type. It is non-competitive because it makes an explicit distinction between intra- regional produced and imported products (including: domestic import and foreign import). Such a distinction provides a better reflection of the use of intra - regional production technology and inputs in the production of output in other regions (or other countries).
Specific IgE antibodies in twenty‐eight workers with diisocyanate‐induced bronchial asthma

A specific IgE‐mediated response was evaluated in twenty‐eight workers exposed to TDI or MDI, with diagnosis of occupational asthma and positive to bronchial provocative challenge. The presence of anti‐diisocyanate IgE was observed in 27% of subjects exposed to TDI and 83% of those exposed to MDI, particularly in individuals who experienced an acute massive exposure. An immediate‐type response to bronchial provocative test was found in 66% of individuals with specific antibodies. Specific IgE are prevalent (91%) in subjects who developed symptoms before 6 years of exposure to isocyanates. The results suggest an association between the presence of specific IgE, early asthmatic symptoms and heavy episodic exposure.
Scirrhous Eosinophilic Gastritis in Dogs with Gastric Arteritis

Three adult spayed female hunting dogs had an unusual form of chronic active gastritis. The disease lasted for months to several years. Vomiting was the most consistent clinical sign. One dog had leukocytosis with 30 percent eosinophils. The stomach of each dog was enlarged and greatly thickened. Collagen deposits, granulation tissue and eosinophils replaced most of the gastric wall. Disease of the gastric arteries ranged from fibrinoid necrosis to panarteritis. Granulation tissue obstructed the omental arteries of one dog. There also was splenic reticuloendothelial hyperplasia with fibrosis, hemorrhage and congestion, and chronic eosinophilic lymphadenitis. Although the cause of this disease was not determined, its basis probably was immunologic.
Psychometric validation of the Chinese version of the Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool for older Chinese inpatients.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To culturally adapt and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool among older inpatients in the mainland of China. BACKGROUND Patient falls are an important safety consideration within hospitals among older inpatients. Nurses need specific risk assessment tools for older inpatients to reliably identify at-risk populations and guide interventions that highlight fixable risk factors for falls and consequent injuries. In China, a few tools have been developed to measure fall risk. However, they lack the solid psychometric development necessary to establish their validity and reliability, and they are not widely used for elderly inpatients. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS A convenient sampling was used to recruit 201 older inpatients from two tertiary-level hospitals in Beijing and Xiamen, China. The Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool was translated using forward and backward translation procedures and was administered to these 201 older inpatients. Reliability of the tool was calculated by inter-rater reliability and Cronbach's alpha. Validity was analysed through content validity index and construct validity. RESULTS The Inter-rater reliability of Chinese version of Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool was 97·14% agreement with Cohen's Kappa of 0·903. Cronbach's α was 0·703. Content of Validity Index was 0·833. Two factors represented intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors were explored that together explained 58·89% of the variance. CONCLUSION This study provided evidence that Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool is an acceptable, valid and reliable tool to identify older inpatients at risk of falls and falls with injury. Further psychometric testing on criterion validity and evaluation of its advanced utility in geriatric clinical settings are warranted. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The Chinese version of Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool may be useful for health care personnel to identify older Chinese inpatients at risk of falls and falls with injury.
The Long Waves in Economic Life

I. The idea that the dynamics of economic life in the capitalistic social order is not of a simple and linear but rather of a complex and cyclical character is nowadays generally recognized. Science, however, has fallen far short of clarifying the nature and the types of these cyclical, wave-like movements. When in economics we speak of cycles, we generally mean seven to eleven year business cycles. But these seven to eleven year movements are obviously not the only type of economic cycles. The dynamics of economic life is in reality more complicated. In addition to the above-mentioned cycles, which we shall agree to call "intermediate", the existence of still shorter waves of about three and one-half years' length has recently been shown to be probable.1