Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Verbal Communication Impairment Affect Quality of Life in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients

Does Verbal Communication Impairment Affect Quality of Life in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients? The purpose of this study was to examine the selfperceived QOL in ALS patients. Literature will be presented on the incidence, prevalence, prognosis, diagnosis and management of ALS, QOL studies for ALS, the role of the multidisciplinary team, the impairments and dysfunction that ALS patients experience, communication issues, and the development of ALS specific instruments to measure QOL. The "bulbar dysfunction" that ALS patients experience in salivation management, speech, and swallowing were examined in detail. The objectives of this research study were to investigate the following hypotheses: 1. QOL will differ among ALS patients with varying levels of speech, swallowing, and salivation functioning, 2. Patients wit~ less impairment in these aspects of physical functioning will report better QOL. Archival data was obtained from a validation study for the ALSSQOL instrument that employed 7 university-based ALS centers. ANOVA revealed that self-reported QOL varied Communication & QOL in ALS vn according to level of functioning for speech F (4,333) 5.13, p =. 001; swallowing F(4, 333)= 6.88, p=. OOO; and salivation, F(4,333)= 3.75, p =. 000. This research is important because it showed that QOL is adversely affected by impaired communication abilities. Having this knowledge will allow mental health providers to tailor time-sensitive interventions more appropriately, perhaps enhancing ALS patients' QOL. Areas of future consideration include utilization of the ALSSQOL for longitudinal studies and for investigation of ALS patients' mindsets as they prepare to experience each of the transitions during this predictable disease process. Communication & QOL in ALS viii
Prevalence of injuries in a selected cohort of high school football players in the city of Winnipeg

While many studies have been published documenting injuries in college aged and professional sports, there are few studies that describe the prevalence of injuries among high school athletes. As a first step to creating an injury prevention strategy for high school football, the following study describes the prevalence of injuries among high school aged players. The study included 464 high school football athletes aged 15-18 years. Injuries for the 2005 Winnipeg high school football season were recorded. Athletes were more often injured during practices. The lower body was defined as any structure below the waist. The leg was most often involved in an injury, followed by the torso, and the hand. Sprains/strains and contusions occurred more frequently than concussions and fractures. Defensive backs and linebackers displayed the greatest number of injuries for the defense compared with the running backs on offense. Injury surveillance in Winnipeg will provide comparison opportunities of injury data against established studies with similar cohorts. Injuries will occur within any physical activity (Backx et al, 1991). Therefore, implementation of injury surveillance measures will monitor the injury profile. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Acknowledgements There have been many individuals that I wish to thank that have made meaningful contributions toward completion of my research. Dr. William Montelpare, my thesis supervisor, for his support, accessibility, and personal dedication throughout the research process. His feedback and guidance has facilitated many invaluable learning experiences. Dr. Jim McAuliffe, for contributing his time and expertise to enhance my academic foundation. Michel Johnson for his support during my thesis studies. I appreciate Dr. Brent Taught for his role as my external examiner. Many thanks are extended to Dr. Glen Bergeron for the opportunity to conduct football research and work along side o f him during my research endeavor.
Learning to belong: A study of the lived experience of homeless students in Western Australia

This is a phenomenological study of the lived experiences of homeless young people in Western Australia. Its focus is the reasons why homeless young people leave education, although many of them make a serious effort to complete post-compulsory schooling. The study was qualitative, and was designed as an in-depth analysis of the experiences of five young people aged between 15 and 17, all attending the same school. Data collection consisted of two in-depth interviews with each participant, and a focus group discussion with all five. Although the study's focus was the issue of homelessness and schooling, it quickly expanded when it became quite clear that the issues confronting these students went far beyond the school grounds. Homelessness to these young people was not about shelter or accommodation: it was about searching for a place to belong, and a place to be at 'home'. This study challenges the idea that schooling and housing are merely practical issues. Instead, it illustrates how the social and psychological implications of homelessness have a strong negative impact on schooling, and how the young homeless person's physical ability to attend classes is not as important as being able to pay attention, contribute, and learn, in the face of overwhelming social pressures. The study's results are similar to others in that it found that homelessness poses many obstacles to young people wishing to succeed in education, and that current initiatives to retain such students fall short of requirements. This study provides insight into the unique experiences of the young homeless people themselves. It demonstrates that young people need a holistic approach to support, an
Mandibular Incisor Proclination Variability During Class II Correction

MANDIBULAR INCISOR PROCLINATION VARIABILITY DURING CLASS II CORRECTION By J. Ryan Redford, D.D.S. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2014 Thesis Director: Steven J Lindauer, D.M.D., M.Dent. Sc. Professor and Chair, Department of Orthodontics Background Lower incisor proclination has been shown to increase during Class II correction with appliances such as the Forsus. This lower incisor flaring shows great variability among patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Class II severity, mandibular growth, and occlusal plane rotation on lower incisor flaring in patients treated with the Forsus appliance. Materials and Methods 121 records of Class II patients treated with the Forsus appliance were analyzed retrospectively. Cephalograms were traced at three time points. ANOVA was used to compare changes in cephalometric measurements over time. Pearson’s correlation was used to test for relationships between variables. Multiple regression tested for correlation between multiple variables. Results/Conclusions Lower incisor flaring during Class II correction with the Forsus appliance was only weakly associated with sex, molar relationship change, and occlusal plane steepening. There was no correlation between the change in lower incisor proclination and mandibular growth.
Effect of platelets on fibroblasts: clinical relevance and test of an experimental model

Chronic wounds have become a more focused research topic worldwide. A defect has been noticed during one of the four phases of wound healing. Fibroblasts, which play an important role during the proliferation phase by producing collagen, has been shown to be stimulated by TGF-β1 that is stored in the platelets. Platelet-rich plasma is a well-studied treatment and is applied topically to the effected area. This has proven to have great results in the healing process. Four donors were selected and ELISA was used in order to measure the amount of TGF-β1 in co-cultures of fibroblasts and platelets. After 24 hours of coculture, a significant proliferation of fibroblasts was noticed. Even though large variations between the donors were noticed in the results, an increase of TGF-β1 could still be noticed between the control group and the coculture, which supported the hypothesis that platelets have a relevant effect on fibroblast proliferation.
A sociolinguistic study of postgraduate students' perceptions of using English for academic purposes

A SOCIOLINGUISTIC STUDY OF POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF USING ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES By Abdulkader Abdulkader English for Academic Purposes (EAP) has been increasingly researched in recent years. However, in this research the learner's voice is still not clearly evident. The current study investigates postgraduate students' perceptions of using EAP in studying for higher degrees in Wales and Syria. The study makes a contribution to the field by focusing on the learner's voice in two different contexts, where English is a native language or a foreign language. The students in the study were either home students in Syria or international students in Wales. The juxtaposition of two different contexts allowed for key points of comparison and contrast to be observed. The methodology employed in the research was that of a main and associated case study. A range of data were gathered from University Wales and University Syria through the two case studies. It was found that most University Wales interviewees, as international students, perceived cultural context as an inseparable part of their concept of EAP. They were also aware that they were engaged with a number of overlapping cultures in their use of English. By contrast, the majority of University Syria interviewees, as home students, often perceived clear boundaries between EAP and the cultures surrounding it. It was also found that both groups of interviewees perceived particular features of teaching styles and resources as important elements in their use of EAP. The study findings are valuable in illustrating the similarities and differences of the students' perceptions of their use of EAP in two different contexts. They are also valuable in highlighting the students' identity as EAP learners, a pragmatic one in response to EAP and one that was evolving in response to the broad context of their studies. A central finding was the key role enacted by context in students' overall perception of EAP. Context highlighted the necessity of re-defining EAP, closely considering the different contexts in which it occurs.
Pharmacoresistance in epilepsy : from genes and molecules to promising therapies

Pharmacoresistance and Epilepsy. - Genes involved in pharmacoresistant epilepsy. - Pathological oscillations in the pharmacoresistant epileptic brain. - Molecular mechanisms of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. - Modifications in the seizures susceptibility by excitotoxic neuronal damage and its possible relationship with the pharmacoresistance. - Intracellular pathways associated with neuronal survival and death in epilepsy. - The role of JNK pathway in the process of excitotoxicity induced by epilepsy and neurodegeneration. - Proteomics-based strategy to identify biomarkers and pharmacological targets in temporal lobe epilepsy. - Abnormalities of GABA system and human pharmacoresistant epilepsy. - Pharmacoresistant epilepsy and immune system. - Contribution of the antiepileptic drug administration regime in the development and/or establishment of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. - Experimental models to study pharmacoresistance in epilepsy. - Resistance to epileptogenesis in the Neotropical rodent Proechimys. - On the development of new antiepileptic drugs for the treatment of pharmacoresistant epilepsy - Different approaches to different hypothesis. - Modulating P-glycoprotein regulation as a therapeutic strategy for pharmacoresistant epilepsy. - Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Intractable Seizures. - The role of neuromodulation in the treatment of refractory epilepsy. - Transcranial magnetic stimulation and refractory partial epilepsy. - Effects of transcranial focal electrical stimulation via concentric ring electrodes on seizure activity. - Physical exercise as a strategy to reduce seizure susceptibility.
The European Acamprosate Trials: Conclusions for Research and Therapy

In an excellent methodological approach, the European acamprosate study project showed that acamprosate increases sobriety times. In one randomized prospective study (n = 260) comparing acamprosate and placebo, with a 1-year treatment phase and 1-year follow-up phase, the authors found that acamprosate is effective only in Lesch type I and type II patients. To investigate the possible influence of diagnostic subgrouping, we applied the Lesch typology in a co-work with the main researchers of the UK study. The UK results concerning acamprosate’s effects in the types do not mirror the Vienna results, but the numbers of type I and type II patients, retrospectively found as included in the UK centers, were too small for any conclusions. The distribution of the types points to the fact that too many type III and IV patients had been included to give acamprosate the chance to be effective. Following our typology and also these studies, we developed special treatment approaches. For relapse prevention studies, the cumulative abstinence duration together with the Lesch typology seems to be promising.
Clinical internal medicine in the aged

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Quantification of Motor Function in Huntington Disease Patients Using Wearable Sensor Devices

Previous studies have demonstrated the feasibility and promise of wearable sensors as objective measures of motor impairment in Parkinson disease and essential tremor. However, there are few published studies that have examined such an application in Huntington disease (HD). This report provides an evaluation of the potential to objectively quantify chorea in HD patients using wearable sensor data. Data were derived from a substudy of the phase 2 Open-PRIDE-HD study, where 17 patients were screened and 15 patients enrolled in the substudy and ultimately 10 patients provided sufficient wearable sensor data. The substudy was designed to provide high-resolution data to inform design of predictive algorithms for chorea quantification. During the entire course of the 6-month study, in addition to chorea ratings from 18 in-clinic assessments, 890 home assessments, and 1,388 responses to daily reminders, 33,000 h of high-resolution accelerometer data were captured continuously from wearable smartwatches and smartphones. Despite its limited sample size, our study demonstrates that arm chorea can be characterized using accelerometer data during static assessments. Nonetheless, the small sample size limits the generalizability of the model. The sensor-based model can quantify the chorea level with high correlation to the chorea severity reported by both clinicians and patients. In addition, our analysis shows that the chorea digital signature varies between patients. This work suggests that digital wearable sensors have the potential to support clinical development of medications in patients with movement disorders, such as chorea. However, additional data would be needed from a larger number of HD patients with a full range of chorea severity (none to severe) with and without intervention to validate this potentially predictive technology.
The Mentally Impaired Elderly: Strategies and Interventions to Maintain Function

Contents Environmental Influences on Behavior of the Elderly With Dementia: Principles for Intervention in the Home * Mental Health Issues in the Elderly * Temporal Adaptation and Performance of Daily Living Activities in Persons With Alzheimer's Disease * Constructional Apraxia in Alzheimer's Disease: Contributions to Functional Loss * Helping Those With Dementia to Live at Home: An Educational Series for Caregivers * In-Home Interventions for Persons With Alzheimer's Disease and Their Caregivers * Approaches to Problem Behaviors in Dementia * Conflicts in Managing Elderly Clients and Elderly Parents: The Dual Role of Health Professionals * Measuring the Functional Performance of Nursing Home Patients With the Bay Area Functional Performance Evaluation * Effects of A Multi-Strategy Program Upon Elderly With Organic Brain Syndrome * Program Planning in Geriatric Psychiatry: A Model for Psychosocial Rehabilitation
The Protective Effect of Niacinamide on Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Liver Injury

Reperfusion of ischemic liver results in the generation of oxygen radicals, nitric oxide (NO) and their reaction product peroxynitrite, all of which may cause strand breaks in DNA, which activate the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP ribose)synthase (PARS). This results in rapid depletion of intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) and eventually induces irreversible cytotoxicity. In this study, we demonstrated that niacinamide, a PARS inhibitor, attenuated ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced liver injury. Ischemia was induced by clamping the common hepatic artery and portal vein of rats for 40 min. Thereafter, flow was restored and the liver was reperfused for 90 min. Blood samples collected prior to I and after R were analyzed for methyl guanidine (MG), NO, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and ATP. Blood levels of aspartate transferase (AST), alanine transferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) which served as indexes of liver injury were measured. This protocol resulted in elevation of the blood NO level (p < 0.01). Inflammation was apparent, as TNF-α and MG levels were significantly increased (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001). AST, ALT and LDH were elevated 4- to 5-fold (p < 0.001), while ATP was significantly diminished (p < 0.01). After administration of niacinamide (10 mM), liver injury was significantly attenuated, while blood ATP content was reversed. In addition, MG, TNF-α and NO release was attenuated. These results indicate that niacinamide, presumably by acting with multiple functions, exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects in I/R-induced liver injury.
Neonatal weaning from ventilator: PSV versus SIMV mode

Background : The use of synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) and pressure support ventilation (PSV) have been used for older children and adults. The purpose of this study was to compare PSV and SIMV modes in weaning from mechanical ventilation in neonate with respiratory failure. Methods : A randomized clinical trial study carried out in NICU ward of Valiasr hospital Imam Khomeini Hospital complex, Tehran, Iran. Thirty neonates enrolled in two groups of 15 . At the weaning time they randomly assigned to SIMV or PSV . They compared for tidal volume ( V T ), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) , incidence of pneumothorax, weaning failure and duration of weaning. For two groups to be homogeneous, maternal disease during pregnancy were also considered. Results : In this study, V T , PIP , incidence of pneumothorax and weaning failure did not differ between groups; duration of ventilation of the two methods (hours) and duration of hospitalization (days) were separately calculated. The only meaningful difference in two groups were due to weaning duration. The neonates weaned by PSV mode experienced shorter weaning time. ( 6.05 hours). The weaning time in SIMV mode was longer ( 45 hours) (P=0.006) . There were no other meaningful differences between the two groups Conclusions: According to the results of this study there were no advantage using PSV over SIMV except that the weaning time were shorter in PSV . This decrease in weaning time causes less dependence of the neonate to the ventilator and as a result secure them from complications.
Service use and prevention of emergency hospital admissions: a comparison of the views of older people and health and social care professionals

This paper presents a comparison of the perceptions of health and social care professionals and older people on the prevention of emergency hospital admissions and the use of care services. Whereas older people viewed emergency admission as an inevitable part of ageing, professionals attributed many emergency admissions to the social isolation of older people. Professionals reported that the majority of services were not designed to minimise isolation in older age. Older people listed quality of life, boosted by socialising and support during periods of good health, as their first priority. Older people and professionals presented differing arguments why some health and social care services were underutilised. Older people explained that they deliberately avoided using some services because they believed these would undermine their independence and level of activity. Professionals reasoned that low uptake of services was associated with service providers’ lack of knowledge and trust as well as problems with the accessibility of services. This shows that service users and providers differ in their assessment of need and service delivery. Hence, it is argued that both professional and patient perspectives are required to inform service development that meets the needs of older people and health and social care staff