Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-reported changes in providers' hormone therapy prescribing and counseling practices after the Women's Health Initiative.

BACKGROUND Prescribing and counseling practices in hormone therapy (HT) since publication of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trials have changed. Our objective was to compare changes by practice field and region. METHODS Between December 2005 and May 2006, we mailed surveys to 938 practitioners from two large integrated health systems in the Northeastern and Northwestern United States. We received 736 responses and excluded 144 who do not prescribe/counsel about HT, leaving 592. Data included prescriber characteristics, knowledge about HT trials, and self-reported HT counseling and prescribing changes. We compared provider characteristics and HT counseling and prescribing by region and practice field (obstetrician/gynecology [OB/GYN] or primary care). RESULTS Respondents included 79 OB/GYNs and 513 primary care providers. OB/GYNs were more likely, than primary care providers to consider themselves experts regarding the Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) and WHI trials (30.4% vs. 8.2%, p < 0.001). The majority (87%) were cautious about HT use, especially primary care providers (p < 0.01 compared to OB/GYNs). Respondents reported prescribing less oral unopposed estrogen (64%) and combination estrogen/progestin (81%) post-WHI. OB/GYNs were less likely to report decreases in oral unopposed estrogen use (p = 0.006). Use of lower-dose and transdermal products (low-dose estrogen, vaginal estrogen, estradiol vaginal ring) increased, especially by OB/GYNs. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights numerous HT prescribing and counseling differences between primary care and OB/GYN providers. Reasons for these differences are unknown but may be related to self-reported WHI/HERS knowledge. HT formulations used in the WHI trials are being replaced by low-dose and alternate formulations. Studies to support this practice are needed.
Identifying the Guard Region for Cognitive Networks under Mutual Interference Constraints

Spectrum access opportunity is an important research topic in cognitive radio networks, which is both related to the transmission constraints from primary users and cognitive users. This paper analyses the relationship between deployment of cognitive network and mutual interference constraints from primary network to cognitive network and cognitive network itself. By utilizing the primary exclusive region scenario, the closed-form expression of the upper bound transmission probability for a cognitive user is obtained considering the interference constraints from the primary users and other cognitive users. Based on these results, we then derive the expected interference value at a primary receiver and obtain the more exact transmission range for the cognitive network compared to the past works. We also proposed an iteration process to evaluate the transmission probability and guard region width. The simulation results show that compared to the conservative guard region analysis, our analysis is more reasonable in terms of considering the mutual interference constraints and it guarantees more spatial access opportunities for cognitive users.
Adaptive On/Off Delay-Compensated Active Rectifiers for Wireless Power Transfer Systems

An adaptive on/off delay-compensation technique is proposed to improve the performance of CMOS active rectifiers for wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. The effects of the on/off delays on the performance of the active rectifiers with either a parallel-resonant or a series-resonant circuit at the secondary coil are studied, which include power conversion efficiency (PCE), voltage conversion ratio (VCR) and output voltage ripple. By adding two feedback loops to the active diodes to generate the switched-offset currents for the comparators adaptively, both onand off-delays are compensated for accurately against PVT variations and mismatches. As a design example, a fully integrated active rectifier for biomedical applications with a parallel-resonant secondary was fabricated in a standard 0.35 μm CMOS process. With an AC input that ranges from 1.8 to 3.6 V, the measured VCR is higher than 90% and the measured PCE is higher than 89.1% for a load resistor of 500 Ω. In particular, the PCE is increased by 9% compared to the active rectifier without using the proposed technique.
Alopecia universalis, hypothyroidism and pituitary hyperplasia: polyglandular autoimmune syndrome III in a patient in remission from treated Hodgkin lymphoma

We herein report a case of a 33-year-old man in remission from Hodgkin lymphoma, who presented with reduced potency and hair loss. Initial endocrine tests revealed autoimmune hypothyroidism. An MRI of his pituitary gland at onset revealed hyperplasia. He tolerated replacement endocrine therapy with good response, but with no improvement in his alopecia universalis. A repeat MRI, 6 months after his initial endocrine manipulation, showed resolution of his pituitary hyperplasia.
Deep intronic KRIT1 mutation in a family with clinically silent multiple cerebral cavernous malformations

Loss‐of‐function mutations in CCM1/KRIT1, CCM2/MGC4607 and CCM3/PDCD10 genes are identified in the vast majority of familial cases with multiple cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs). However, genomic DNA sequencing combined to large rearrangement screening fails to detect a mutation in 5% of those cases. We report a family in which CCM lesions were discovered fortuitously because of the investigation of a developmental delay in a boy. Three members of the family on three generations had typical multiple CCM lesions and no clinical signs related to CCM. No mutation was detected using genomic DNA sequencing and quantitative multiplex PCR of short fluorescent fragments (QMPSF). cDNA sequencing showed a 99‐nucleotide insertion between exons 5 and 6 of CCM1, resulting from a mutation located deep into intron 5 (c.262+132_262+133del) that activates a cryptic splice site. This pseudoexon leads to a premature stop codon. These data highly suggest that deep intronic mutations explain part of the incomplete mutation detection rate in CCM patients and underline the importance of analyzing the cDNA to provide comprehensive CCM diagnostic tests. This kind of mutation may be responsible for apparent sporadic presentations due to a reduced penetrance.
AKKARAMAN, KIVIRCIK X AKKARAMAN G1 VE SAKIZ X AKKARAMAN G1 KOYUNLARDA SÜT VERİM ÖZELLİKLERİ İLE KUZULARDA BÜYÜME VE YAŞAMA GÜCÜ

Bu arastirma Akkaraman (Akk.), Kivircik x Akk. G1 ve Sakiz x Akk. G1 koyunlarda sut verim ozellikleri ile kuzularda buyume ve yasama gucunu incelemek amaciyla yapilmistir. Arastirma 2001 yilinda, Lalahan Hayvancilik Arastirma Enstitusu’nde yurutulmustur. Arastirmada 2 ve 3 yasli 19 bas Akk. , 2 yasli 12 bas Kivircik x Akk. G1 ve 13 bas Sakiz x Akk. G1 koyun ile 47 bas kuzu kullanilmistir. Gunluk ortalama sut verimi, laktasyon verimi ve laktasyon suresi Akk. grubunda sirasiyla 282.22 g, 43.07 kg ve 155.8 gun; Kivircik x Akk. G1 grubunda 275.19 g, 42.71 kg ve 162.10 gun; Sakiz x Akk. G1 grubunda ise 453.79 g, 73.01 kg ve 178.20 gun olarak bulunmustur. Meme olculerinden meme genisligi, meme cevresi ve meme hacmi icin en kucuk kareler ortalamasi 60. gunde Akk. grubunda sirasiyla 13.99 cm, 43.75 cm ve 1226.74 ml; 150. gunde 11.17 cm, 39.03 cm ve 618.85 ml; Kivircik x Akk. G1 grubunda 60. gunde 13.52 cm, 44.64 cm ve 979.06 ml; 150. gunde 11.33 cm, 39.97 cm ve 557.74 ml; Sakiz x Akk. G1 grubunda ise 60. gunde 15.06 cm, 50.99 cm ve 1213.33 ml; 150. gunde 12.69 cm, 45.14 cm ve 502.21 ml olarak bulunmustur. Laktasyon verimi ile laktasyonun 60. gunundeki meme genisligi, meme cevresi ve meme hacmi arasindaki fenotipik korelasyon katsayilari Akk. grubunda sirasiyla -0.162, 0.641 1 (P<0.01), 0.341; Kivircik x Akk. G1 grubunda 0.248,-0.204, 0.336; Sakiz x Akk. G1 grubunda -0.506, -0.313, 0.079 olarak bulunmustur. Yasama gucu bakimindan butun gruplarda 120. gune kadar olum meydana gelmemis ve yasama gucu % 100 olmustur. 180. gunde Akk. kuzularda yasama gucu % 95.24, Kivircik x Akk. G1 kuzularda % 91.67 ve Sakiz x Akk. G1 kuzularda ise % 85.71 olmustur. En kucuk kareler ortalama degerleri dogum agirligi icin Akk. , Kivircik x Akk.G1 ve Sakiz x Akk.G1 kuzularda sirasiyla 4.74, 4.32 ve 3.96 kg (P<0.05); 90. gun (sutten kesim) agirligi ayni sira ile 22.35, 17.10 ve 15.24 kg (P<0.001); 180. gun agirligi 30.48, 23.32 ve 21.65 kg (P<0.001); 1 yas canli agirligi ise 49.49, 39.29 ve 35.87 kg (P<0.001) olarak bulunmustur. Arastirma sonuclari, Sakiz genotipinin sut verimini gelistirmede kullanilabilecegini gostermektedir. Sut kesimine kadar olan yasama gucu genotip gruplarinda benzer olurken buyume bakimindan 12 aylik yasta Akkaraman irki, G1 lerden daha fazla agirliga sahip olmustur.
Null Case and the Distribution of PRO

Chomsky and Lasnik (1993) argue convincingly that PRO has null Case, checked by nonfinite T, and suggest that this may explain PRO's narrow distribution. However, their analysis falls short of reaching this goal. Here, I refine the theory of null Case so as to fully account for the distribution of empty and lexical subjects of nonfinite clauses, concluding that this minimalist analysis is more explanatory than earlier ones based on the theories of binding and government. In particular, I argue that whether or not nonfinite T can check null Case depends crucially on its temporal properties and present a number of empirical arguments supporting this conclusion.
OPTIMISATION OF LOGISTICS OPERATIONS USING GPS TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS : A CASE STUDY

Contemporary logistics are becoming more sophisticated. With increasing demands of responsive, agile, global integration of complex dispersed multi-tiered suppliers, subcontractors and manufacturers, logistics is facing the challenge of moving from straightforward transaction oriented to open/ collaborative supply management. This challenge is visibly demonstrated in distributed supply-networks where multiple providers, as shipping carriers; dock management; hauliers; manufacturers, are involved in collaboratively fulfilling transactions and providing a service. Cross-organisational connectivity with data visibility and real-time synchronisation across distributed providers is an ongoing challenge for many transport companies. Modern transportation face challenges as: congestion growth; lower costs; improved customer service; hightened terrorism/theft/security; information-sharing; regional multi-modal logistics growth; and proliferation of new complex tools to optimize/schedule routes. The case study presented focuses on development of an integrated GPS/portal solution with an objective of enhancing control and visibility over inland transport thus improving customer service through the application of next generation information systems, utility computing and web-services.
Incorporation and Glial Differentiation of Mouse EGF-Responsive Neural Progenitor Cells after Transplantation into the Embryonic Rat Brain

In vitro, epidermal growth factor (EGF)-responsive neural progenitor cells exhibit multipotent properties and can differentiate into both neurons and glia. Using an in utero xenotransplantation approach we examined the developmental potential of EGF-responsive cells derived from E14 mouse ganglionic eminences, cortical primordium, and ventral mesencephalon, after injection into the E15 rat forebrain ventricle. Cell cultures were established from control mice or from mice carrying the lacZ transgene under control of the promoters for nestin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), or myelin basic protein (MBP). The grafted cells, visualized with mouse-specific markers or staining for the reporter gene product, displayed widespread incorporation into distinct forebrain and midbrain structures and differentiated predominantly into glial cells. The patterns of incorporation of cells from all three regions were very similar without preference for the homotopic brain areas. These results suggest that EGF-responsive progenitor cells can respond to host derived environmental cues, differentiate into cells with glial-like features, and become integrated in the developing recipient brain.
US Intergroup Trial of Response-Adapted Therapy for Stage III to IV Hodgkin Lymphoma Using Early Interim Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography Imaging: Southwest Oncology Group S0816.

PURPOSE Four US National Clinical Trials Network components (Southwest Oncology Group, Cancer and Leukemia Group B/Alliance, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, and the AIDS Malignancy Consortium) conducted a phase II Intergroup clinical trial that used early interim fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging to determine the utility of response-adapted therapy for stage III to IV classic Hodgkin lymphoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS The Southwest Oncology Group S0816 (Fludeoxyglucose F 18-PET/CT Imaging and Combination Chemotherapy With or Without Additional Chemotherapy and G-CSF in Treating Patients With Stage III or Stage IV Hodgkin Lymphoma) trial enrolled 358 HIV-negative patients between July 1, 2009, and December 2, 2012. A PET scan was performed after two initial cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) and was labeled PET2. PET2-negative patients (Deauville score 1 to 3) received an additional four cycles of ABVD, whereas PET2-positive patients (Deauville score 4 to 5) were switched to escalated bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (eBEACOPP) for six cycles. Among 336 eligible and evaluable patients, the median age was 32 years (range, 18 to 60 years), with 52% stage III, 48% stage IV, 49% International Prognostic Score 0 to 2, and 51% score 3 to 7. RESULTS Three hundred thirty-six of the enrolled patients were evaluable. Central review of the interim PET2 scan was performed in 331 evaluable patients, with 271 (82%) PET2-negative and 60 (18%) PET2-positive. Of 60 eligible PET2-positive patients, 49 switched to eBEACOPP as planned and 11 declined. With a median follow-up of 39.7 months, the Kaplan-Meier estimate for 2-year overall survival was 98% (95% CI, 95% to 99%), and the 2-year estimate for progression-free survival (PFS) was 79% (95% CI, 74% to 83%). The 2-year estimate for PFS in the subset of patients who were PET2-positive after two cycles of ABVD was 64% (95% CI, 50% to 75%). Both nonhematologic and hematologic toxicities were greater in the eBEACOPP arm than in the continued ABVD arm. CONCLUSION Response-adapted therapy based on interim PET imaging after two cycles of ABVD seems promising with a 2-year PFS of 64% for PET2-positive patients, which is much higher than the expected 2-year PFS of 15% to 30%.
Genetic responses to phosphorus deficiency.

BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plants. Plants take up P as phosphate (Pi) from the soil solution. Since little Pi is available in most soils, P fertilizers are applied to crops. However, the use of P fertilizers is unsustainable and may cause pollution. Consequently, there is a need to develop more P-use-efficient (PUE) crops and precise methods to monitor crop P-status. SCOPE Manipulating the expression of genes to improve the PUE of crops could reduce their P fertilizer requirement. This has stimulated research towards the identification of genes and signalling cascades involved in plant responses to P deficiency. Genes that respond to P deficiency can be grouped into 'early' genes that respond rapidly and often non-specifically to P deficiency, or 'late' genes that impact on the morphology, physiology or metabolism of plants upon prolonged P deficiency. SUMMARY The use of micro-array technology has allowed researchers to catalogue the genetic responses of plants to P deficiency. Genes whose expression is altered by P deficiency include various transcription factors, which are thought to coordinate plant responses to P deficiency, and other genes involved in P acquisition and tissue P economy. Several common cis-regulatory elements have been identified in the promoters of these genes, suggesting that their expression might be coordinated. It is suggested that knowledge of the genes whose expression changes in response to P deficiency might allow the development of crops with improved PUE, and could be used in diagnostic techniques to monitor P deficiency in crops either directly using 'smart' indicator plants or indirectly through transcript profiling. The development of crops with improved PUE and the adoption of diagnostic technology could reduce production costs, minimize the use of a non-renewable resource, reduce pollution and enhance biodiversity.
A fuzzy logic-based frequency control scheme for an isolated AC coupled PV-wind-battery hybrid system

ABSTRACT The power generation from a renewable energy system has a fluctuating nature due to the intermittent sources. Mismatch between power generation and load demand causes a deviation from the desired frequency in power supply. A frequency control scheme for an isolated PV-wind-battery hybrid energy system is proposed by using fuzzy logic control for automatically select the frequency deviation suppressing element without communications among the different operational controllers. That said, the scheme proposed in this paper requires fewer measuring instruments. The proposed control scheme requires two parameters – system frequency and battery state of charge measurement in order to execute the following tasks. The first task includes – selection of proper frequency balancing element (i.e. battery or a dump load or a primary variable load) that depends on the frequency deviation and battery state of charge. The second task is to address the control operation of the selected element from battery, dump load and primary load. Here, we have demonstrated that by the control scheme, fluctuation of system frequency can be suppressed within an allowable limit owing to effective power management of the hybrid system. The scheme presented here simplifies the integration of renewable energy systems to an existing hybrid power system.
EFFECT OF SUCROSE INDUCED OSMOTIC STRESS ON CALLUS GROWTH AND BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF TWO WHEAT GENOTYPES

The research work was carried out to study the effect of sucrose induced osmotic stress on callus growth and biochemical aspects of two wheat genotypes (S-24 and MH-97). The seeds were cultured on Linsmaier and Skoog medium containing 30g sucrose, 8g agar, 5mg L -1 thiamine HCl and 3mg L -1 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. One month old calli were subcultured for 15 d in liquid LS-medium supplemented with same concentration of thiamine HCl and 2,4-D. and different concentrations of sucrose [control, (3%), 4%, 6% 5% and 8%]. After 15 d of sucrose induced osmotic stress the results revealed that relative growth rate (fresh), macro cations (K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ )and micro cations (Mn 2+ , Fe 2+ ) significantly decreased, while dry weight, free proline, total soluble carbohydrates contents and water relation parameters significantly increased (more negative) as concentration of sucrose increased in the culture medium. The effects of sucrose induced osmotic stress was greater on MH-97 than S-24.It is concluded that increasing sucrose concentrations in the medium above control caused osmotic stress and it also been found that accumulation of free proline and total soluble carbohydrates accumulated in greater amount responsible for turgor maintenance and increase in callus dry weights.
Effect of concentration of ingested ethanol on blood alcohol levels.

The effect of the concentration of ingested ethanol on the resulting blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) was tested in both humans and rats. In humans, when 0.3 g/kg body weight ethanol was ingested postprandially, the mean area under the blood alcohol curve (AUC) and the mean peak BAC were significantly lower with a concentrated (40% w/v) than with a dilute (4%) solution. Similarly, rats in the fed state exhibited decreasing mean AUCs with increasing concentrations (4%, 16%, and 40%) of intragastrically administered ethanol (1.0 g/kg). Pharmacokinetic analysis comparing intragastric and intraperitoneal administration of ethanol to rats indicated that the more concentrated solution resulted in less alcohol reaching the systemic circulation (4%: 0.896 +/- 0.074 g/kg: 16% 0.772 +/- 0.072 g/kg; 40%: 0.453 +/- 0.037 g/kg) and suggested that this affect could be attributed to two factors: increased gastric retention of ethanol (4%: 0.109 +/- 0.024 g/kg; 16%: 0.102 +/- 0.016 g/kg; 40%: 0.214 +/- 0.042 g/kg) and a large increase in first-pass metabolism (4%; 0.004 +/- 0.054 g/kg; 16%: 0.145 +/- 0.048 g/kg; 40%: 0.329 +/- 0.044 g/kg). In contrast to the results in the fed state, in humans fasted overnight the concentration of alcohol consumed (4%, 16%, and 40%) had no significant effect on mean AUCs. In fasted rats, mean AUCs after intragastric intubation of the two lower concentrations of ethanol (4% and 16%) were comparable to those found after intraperitoneal injection, and only the highest ethanol concentration (40%) produced a lower mean AUC. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A phenomenological model to describe turbulent friction in permeable‐wall flows

Describing the canonical properties of turbulent flows over rough‐permeable walls such as gravel beds, vegetated‐ or snow‐covered surfaces have, to date, resisted complete theoretical treatment. The major complication in describing such geophysical flows is that the friction factor ‐ Reynolds number relationships significantly deviate from their conventional Nikuradse curves or Moody diagrams derived over impermeable rough boundaries. A novel phenomenological model that describes such anomalous behavior is proposed. It expands the approach in Gioia and Chakraborty (2006) developed for rough‐impermeable pipes to include finite velocity effects within the porous wall and canonical length scales governing the momentum exchanges between interstitial and superficial flows.
Consumption of Black Beans and Navy Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) Reduced Azoxymethane-Induced Colon Cancer in Rats

Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are an important food staple in many traditional diets. There is limited evidence to suggest an inverse relationship between bean consumption and colon cancer. The objective of this study was to determine whether consumption of black beans and/or navy beans would reduce colon carcinogenesis in rats. Rats were fed a modified AIN-93G diet (control) or diets containing 75% black beans or 75% navy beans for 4 wk, and then colon cancer was initiated by administration of two injections of azoxymethane 1 wk apart. At 31 wk after the second injection, the incidence of colon adenocarcinomas was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in rats fed the black bean (9%) and navy bean (14%) diets than in rats fed the control diet (36%). Total tumor multiplicity was also significantly lower in rats fed the black bean (1.1) and navy bean (1.0) diets than in rats fed the control diet (2.2). The 44-75% reduction in colon carcinogenesis in rats fed beans was attributed to 1) more controlled appetites, leading to significantly less body fat, and 2) much greater concentrations of butyrate in the distal colon. It was concluded that eating black beans and navy beans significantly lowered colon cancer incidence and multiplicity.
The Louis–Schmelling Paradox and the League Standing Effect Reconsidered

Fifty years on we examine two key propositions in Neale’s “Peculiar Economics”: The need for competitors in sport to have opponents of similar ability in order to earn large revenues and the effect of frequent changes sports leagues’ standings on consumer demand. We develop a consumer choice model under uncertainty, and a structural econometric model, to motivate and test these ideas. Unfortunately, neither receives much empirical or theoretical support relative to alternative factors affecting consumer choice like loss aversion and home win preference.