Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HITextracter System for Chemical and Gene / Protein Entity Mention Recognition in Patents

In this paper, a hybrid system was proposed for che mical entity mention recognition (CEMP) and gene/protein related obje ct r cognition (GPRO) in BeCalm challenge. Firstly, five individual machine learning-based subsystems were developed to identify chemical and gene/protei n r lated entity mentions, that is, a bidirectional LSTM (long-short term memory , a variant of recurrent neural network)-based subsystem without any manually -crafted feature, a bidirectional LSTM-based subsystem with some manually-cr afted features, a bidirectional LSTM-based subsystem with orthographic fea tur s learning, a CRF (conditional random field)-based subsystem and a SSVM (structured support vector machine)-based subsystem. Then, an ensemble le arning-based classifier was deployed to combine all the results predicted b y above individual subsystems. Evaluation on the official test set showed th at e best F1-scores achieved by our system are 90.37% on CEMP, 76.34% on CPRO ty pe 1 respectively.
LANGUAGE STYLE IN KING’S SPEECH MOVIE

Abstract One aim of this article is to show through a concrete example how language style used in movie. The illustrative example is taken from the dialogue of King’s Speech movie. Central to the analysis proper form of dialogue in King’s Speech movie that contain of language style; i.e. frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate. 339 dialogue were interpreted by actor, and it was found that the use of language style. Keywords: movie; language style
In vitro evaluation of donor liver preservation fluids on human hepatocyte function

Successful liver transplantation depends on adequate preservation of cellular function. We therefore tested the effects of two currently used liver preservation fluids, Euro-Collins (EC) solution and University of Wisconsin (UW) solution, on the viability and some functional activities of hepatocytes isolated from human livers. Cells in primary culture were maintained under hypoxic (95% N2/5% CO2) and hypothermic (4°C) conditions for 24 h, either in EC or UW solution. This treatment did not result in significant hepatocyte damage, as judged by phase contrast microscopy, intracellular LDH release, and the MTT mitochondrial test. However, neutral red uptake indicated that lysosomal functions were slightly affected (35% decrease) when compared to control conditions. At the end of the hypoxia/hypothermia period, hepatocyte monolayers were incubated at 37°C under normoxic conditions for 24 h, in order to simulate the reperfusion of a transplanted liver. Three drugs-midazolam, diazepam, zidovudine-were used as diagnostic substrates to check the metabolic abilities of human hepatocytes replaced in normal conditions. Both phase I (hydroxylation, demethylation) and phase II (glucuronidation) metabolic reactions were affected by the hypoxia/hypothermia shock. Indeed, a 30%–50% decrease in these activities was observed as compared to values obtained in control hepatocytes. No difference could, however, be found at the cellular level regarding the solution used for cold storage. These results suggest that the superiority of UW over EC solution, already reported in clinical practice after transplantation of preserved human livers, was not due to a better preservation of the hepatocytes.
Positive relationship between risk-taking behaviour and aggression in subordinate but not dominant males of a Cuban poeciliid fish

Studies of integrated phenotypes sometimes reveal correlations between mating effort, favoured by sexual selection, and risk-taking, favoured by survival selection. We used Girardinus metallicus to examine the relationship between rank order of mating effort and risk-taking. We measured risk-taking in a novel environment containing a predator. We then paired males, using aggression to assign dominant or subordinate status, and examined mating behaviour. Dominant males showed higher mating effort, but did not exhibit any relationship between risk-taking and mating effort. Subordinate males exhibited a cross-context correlation, as males were either more willing to take risks and aggressive or more hesitant to take risks and nonaggressive. Less risk-averse, aggressive subordinate males may gain fitness advantages in a more realistic dominance hierarchy, despite being outranked by the rival with which they were paired in our study. Results highlight intraspecific variation in behavioural correlations and the importance of social environment in shaping integrated phenotypes.
Cultural diversity in physical diseases among patients with mental illnesses

Objective: People with psychiatric diseases have a severely increased risk for physical morbidity and premature death from physical diseases. The aims of the study were to investigate the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), diabetes (DM) and obesity in schizophrenia and depression in three different geographical areas – Asia (Japan), Africa (Nigeria) and Western Europe (Switzerland, Germany and Denmark) – and to search for possible transcultural differences in these correlations, which would also reflect the differences between low-income areas in Africa (Nigeria) and high-income areas in Europe and Japan. Method: Patients with International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) F2 diseases (schizophrenia spectrum disorders) and F3 diseases (affective disorders) admitted to one Nigerian, one Japanese, two Swiss, two German and six Danish centres during 1 year were included. Physical diseases in accordance with ICD-10 were also registered. Psychiatric and physical comorbidity were calculated and standardized rate ratio incidences of background populations were our primary measures. Results: Incidence rate ratios were increased for both CVD, DM and overweight in both F2 and F3 in all cultures (Western Europe, Nigeria and Japan) within the same ranges (however, the Japanese results should be interpreted conservatively owing to the limited sample size). Overweight among the mentally ill were marked in Nigeria. A parallelism of the incidence of overweight, CVD and diabetes with the occurrence in background populations was seen and was most marked in overweight. Conclusions: Overweight, CVD and DM were increased in schizophrenia spectrum disorders and affective disorders in all three cultures investigated (Western Europe, Nigeria and Japan). Lifestyle diseases were also seen in Nigeria and Japan. The results from this study indicate that cultural background might be seen as an important factor in dealing with lifestyle diseases among people with a severe mental illness, as it is in the general population.
Impact of wood logging on the phytomass and carbon sequestration in the guinea savanna of Ngaoundéré , Adamaoua Region ,

The present study estimated the impact of wood loggings on the phytomass production and carbon sequestration in the guinea savanna of Ngaoundéré, Adamaoua Region, Cameroon. The results showed that the phytomass of arborescent savanna is more important (169.91 t.ha -1 .year -1 ) than that of the shrubby savanna (49.18 t.ha -1. year -1 ). The sequestration of carbons correlated positively with phytomass (r= 0.98, P = 0.05). The very strong wood loggings (T3) are at the origin of the decline of phytomass production (36.53 tc.ha -1 .year -1 ) and of the sequestration of carbons (17.17 tc.ha -1 .year -1 ) in these savannas. These values are indicators of degradation of the outer-urban savannas in Ngaoundéré. The State government and the local population should jointly embark on the management for the protection of savannas in the Region.
Analysts and Corporate Liquidity Policy

This paper examines how equity analysts’ roles as information intermediaries and monitors affect corporate liquidity policy and its associated value of cash, providing new evidence that analysts have a direct impact on corporate liquidity policy. Greater analyst coverage (1) reduces information asymmetry between a firm and outside shareholders and (2) enhances the monitoring process. Consistent with these arguments, analyst coverage increases the value of cash, thereby allowing firms to hold more cash. The cash-to-assets ratio increases by 5.2 percentage points when moving from the bottom analyst-coverage decile to the top decile. The marginal value of $1 of corporate cash holdings is $0.93 for the bottom analyst-coverage decile and $1.83 for the top decile. The positive effects remain robust after a battery of endogeneity checks. To further address the endogeneity concern, I employ a unique dataset that consists of public and private firms, as well as a dataset that consists of public firms that have gone private. A public firm with analyst coverage can hold approximately 8% more cash than its private counterpart. These findings constitute new evidence on the real effect of analyst coverage.
Relationship Between Metacognition , Attitude And Academic Achievement Of Secondary School Chemistry Students In Port Harcourt , Rivers State

The study investigated the relationship among chemistry students’ metacognition, attitude and academic achievement in secondary schools in Port Harcourt Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria. A sample of 600 students in their intact classes from eight randomly selected coeducational senior secondary schools participated in the study. The study adopted correlational design, and utilized two research instruments [Metacognitive Awareness Inventory, MAI developed by Schraw & Dennison (1994) and Chemistry Students’ Attitude Probe, CSAP developed by the researchers] to collect data. Data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results showed that both metacognition and attitude correlate significantly with academic achievement. However, attitude strongly predicts academic achievement more than metacognition.
Classification of sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease based on molecular and phenotypic analysis of 300 subjects

Phenotypic heterogeneity in sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (sCJD) is well documented, but there is not yet a systematic classification of the disease variants. In a previous study, we showed that the polymorphic codon 129 of the prion protein gene (PRNP), and two types of protease‐resistant prion protein (PrPSc) with distinct physicochemical properties, are major determinants of these variants. To define the full spectrum of variants, we have examined a series of 300 sCJD patients. Clinical features, PRNP genotype, and PrPSc properties were determined in all subjects. In 187, we also studied neuropathological features and immunohistochemical pattern of PrPSc deposition. Seventy percent of subjects showed the classic CJD phenotype, PrPSc type 1, and at least one methionine allele at codon 129; 25% of cases displayed the ataxic and kuru‐plaque variants, associated to PrPSc type 2, and valine homozygosity or heterozygosity at codon 129, respectively. Two additional variants, which included a thalamic form of CJD and a phenotype characterized by prominent dementia and cortical pathology, were linked to PrPSc type 2 and methionine homozygosity. Finally, a rare phenotype characterized by progressive dementia was linked to PrPSc type 1 and valine homozygosity. The present data demonstrate the existence of six phenotypic variants of sCJD. The physicochemical properties of PrPSc in conjunction with the PRNP codon 129 genotype largely determine this phenotypic variability, and allow a molecular classification of the disease variants. Ann Neurol 1999;46:224–233
Propagation loss prediction in the urban environment with rectangular grid-plan streets

The prediction of propagation loss characteristics is an essential part of radio network planning in urban and suburban environments. To design the MultiGain Wireless system constructed by Tadiran Telecommunication successfully it is very important to investigate the propagation characteristics and cell coverage of urban/suburban radio channels. We propose a new two-dimensional crossing-waveguides model which is based on the preliminary results obtained from the 2D-waveguide model presented in (Blaunstein and Levin, 1996) for the investigation of radio wave propagation along streets in LOS conditions.
Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay ( SCSA ® ) : The Clinical Utility of Measuring Sperm DNA Damage and its Potential Improvement with Supplemental Antioxidants

The Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA®) is the pioneering sperm DNA fragmentation assay that precisely measures the percent of sperm in a semen sample that have Sperm DNA Damage (SDD), a negative factor for successful pregnancy. The SCSA® is a rapid, dual parameter, computer driven assay with diligent unbiased flow cytometer measurements on five to ten thousand sperm per sample providing rigorous statistics. The SCSA® is the Gold Standard assay and is the most used SDD assay world-wide for human and animal sperm with hundreds of thousands research and clinical samples measured. As such, the SCSA® is the only internationally standardized SDD assay that is validated for a clinically established threshold, with precise and repeatable measures in the human clinic. Frozen clinical samples may be sent on dry ice or in liquid nitrogen dry shippers internationally by FEDEX, or equivalent, to a SCSA Diagnostic Center that results in clinical reports within 1-3 days. One-fourth of men attending an infertility clinic have high levels of sperm DNA fragmentation that need clinical counsel on Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) such as use of intrauterine insemination (IUI) to in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The threshold for in vivo and IUI fertilization that suggests moving to ICSI is 25% of sperm in an ejaculate with SDD (25 %DFI). Sperm samples with severe DNA fragmentation have greatly increased statistical risk for lack of pregnancy or miscarriage. A major emphasis for male factor infertility patients is to reduce the level of SDD by changes in life style and the use of antioxidant supplements. One such supplement with great promise shown by pre-clinical experiments is Fertilix®, a scientifically formulated product now in clinical trials.
Outcomes of infants born to mothers receiving methadone for pain management in pregnancy

Objective: To assess the outcomes of infants born to mothers receiving methadone for the management of pain in pregnancy. Design: A retrospective audit was conducted of neonatal outcomes in 19 cases in which methadone was used in the management of maternal pain (pain group). Twenty four cases in which methadone was used for maintenance of opiate addiction in pregnancy served as a comparison group (maintenance group). Setting: Regional level 3 neonatal service. Results: Infants in the pain group were exposed to significantly smaller methadone doses, for shorter periods, starting later in pregnancy. Only 11% of them required treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome, whereas 58% of infants in the maintenance group required treatment. Other neonatal morbidity in the pain group was considerable, probably related to prematurity. Infants in the pain group had significantly higher z scores for birth weight and head circumference, but not length, than the infants in the maintenance group. Conclusions: Methadone used for the treatment of maternal pain resulted in a low incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome. Infants were normally grown. However, there was significant morbidity related to slight prematurity, and delivery in this group should be delayed until term if possible.
Structure, mapping, and expression of erp, a growth factor-inducible gene encoding a nontransmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, and effect of ERP on cell growth

We have characterized a growth factor-inducible gene, erp, and demonstrated that it encodes a 367-amino-acid nontransmembrane tyrosine phosphatase protein with significant similarity to the vaccinia virus H1 protein. Immunoprecipitation analyses show that the erp protein, ERP, is rapidly induced following serum stimulation of quiescent fibroblasts. ERP has been expressed as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase and shown to have tyrosine as well as serine protein phosphatase activity. The enzymatic activity of ERP depends on the presence of reducing agents such as dithiothreitol, and its tyrosine phosphatase activity is inhibited by sodium vanadate, a potent inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases. The number of stable NIH 3T3 clones obtained after transfection with a vector expressing the complete ERP protein is reduced more than 90% compared with that after transfection with a vector expressing a mutated inactive ERP protein. The remaining ERP-expressing clones present a significant increase in the proportion of bi- and multinucleated cells and a decrease in proliferation rate. Studies on the genomic structure reveal that the erp transcription unit is 2.8 kbp long and split into four exons. The erp gene maps to the 17A2-17C region of the murine genome. Our results demonstrate that the protein product of the immediate-early gene erp has a negative effect on cell proliferation.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF TOTAL ALKALOIDS IN SELECTED JUSTICIA SPECIES

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the total alkaloid content in selected Justicia species such as J. adhatoda, J. beddomei, J. betonica, J. gendarussa, J. montana and J. wynaadensis Methods: The total alkaloid content (TAC) was estimated spectrophotometrically using Bromocresol green method with caffeine as standard. Results: The results showed that various parts like root, stem and leaf of the selected species are rich source of alkaloids. The leaf extract of J. beddomi showed highest alkaloid content (28.53) and root of J. wynaadensis showed least alkaloid content (8.45). Among the various parts analyses leaf extracts exhibited higher alkaloids. Conclusion: The total alkaloid content of various species of Justicia with respect to the different parts was well established by spectrophotometric studies. The comparative estimation of total alkaloid in the selected species was done for the first time which can be used for further chemical and biological studies in these species.
Apoptosis in rheumatoid arthritis

&NA; Apoptosis is a key mechanism that regulates tissue composition and homeostasis. Alterations in the apoptosis of synovial cells have been described in residential synoviocytes as well as inflammatory cells and associated with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. These changes constitute hallmarks of synovial cell activation and contribute to both chronic inflammation and hyperplasia. Rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts are affected most prominently, and their resistance to apoptosis has been linked closely to the progressive destruction of articular cartilage. Although a detailed understanding of mechanisms that prevent synovial fibroblasts from programmed cell death is lacking, several antiapoptotic molecules have been identified. Among them, downstream modulators of Fas‐signaling, such as sentrin‐1/small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO)‐1 and Fas‐associated death domain‐like interleukin (IL)‐1&bgr;‐converting enzyme‐inhibitory protein (FLIP), as well as transcriptional regulators such as NF&kgr;B, Stat3, and p53, have been suggested to regulate apoptosis most prominently. Current efforts are aimed at elucidating the specific role of these molecules in regulating the apoptosis of rheumatoid fibroblasts and at identifying molecular targets to interfere with altered apoptosis.
Structure des coeurs denses proto-stellaires : etude en continuum millimetrique

Une etoile se forme a partir d'un cur dense qui se contracte sous l'effet de sa propre masse. Un scenario theorique de formation des etoiles de faible masse decrit l'effondrement gravitationnel d'un cur dense isole ideal. L'objectif principal de cette these est de tester les predictions de ce modele dit standard quant a la structure des curs denses (ou enveloppes) proto-stellaires. L'etude des phases les plus precoces de l'evolution stellaire est difficile car les curs denses sont constitues de gaz froid et dense, opaque en visible et infrarouge proche. D'une part, l'avenement recent de cameras de bolometres permet de mesurer l'emission du continuum (sub) millimetrique des curs denses. De telles observations sont d'excellents outils pour contraindre, de facon directe, la structure en densite (a grande echelle) des curs denses proto-stellaires. Nous avons notamment etudie la structure des enveloppes proto-stellaires isolees du taureau et en amas dans rho ophiuchi. Afin de determiner leur loi de densite, il a ete necessaire de simuler l'observation d'un ensemble d'enveloppes-modeles. Ainsi nous montrons que la structure en densite de la plupart des proto-etoiles du taureau est en bon accord avec les predictions du modele standard. En revanche dans l'amas de rho ophiuchi, les curs denses sont fragmentes et les enveloppes proto-stellaires de taille finie. Nous suggerons alors que la fragmentation joue un role preponderant dans la formation de l'etoile en fixant sa masse finale. La fragmentation pourrait donc etre a l'origine de la fonction de masse initiale des etoiles creees en amas. D'autre part, des observations interferometriques du continuum millimetrique nous permettent de sonder la structure interne des enveloppes proto-stellaires. Nous verifions qu'au stade proto-stellaire la composante de disque est encore peu massive et ne gene pas l'analyse en densite de l'enveloppe.
Role of the purine repressor in the regulation of pyrimidine gene expression in Escherichia coli K-12

The pyrC and pyrD genes of Escherichia coli K-12 encode the pyrimidine biosynthetic enzymes dihydroorotase and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, respectively. A highly conserved sequence in the promoter regions of these two genes is similar to the pur operator, which is the binding site for the purine repressor (PurR). In this study, we examined the role of PurR in the regulation of pyrC and pyrD expression. Our results show that pyrC and pyrD expression was repressed approximately twofold in cells grown in the presence of adenine [corrected] through a mechanism requiring PurR. A mutation, designated pyrCp926, which alters a 6-base-pair region within the conserved sequence in the pyrC promoter eliminated PurR-mediated repression of pyrC expression. This result indicates that PurR binds to the pyrC (and presumably to the pyrD) conserved sequence and inhibits transcriptional initiation. We also demonstrated that the pyrCp926 mutation had no effect on pyrimidine-mediated regulation of pyrC expression, indicating that pyrimidine and purine effectors act through independent mechanisms to control the expression of the pyrC and pyrD genes.