Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Choristodere from the Cretaceous of Mongolia

Abstract The remains of a choristodere recently discovered at Two Volcanoes, a new locality in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia, are described in this paper. Consisting of a fairly complete skull and partial postcranial skeleton, this specimen represents a new species of the genus Tchoiria. The new species differs from Tchoiria namsarai in having a much smaller number of teeth. Several elements preserved in this specimen are unknown in T. namsarai and thus provide new information about the genus. Phylogenetic analysis with the addition of data from the new specimen confirms the basal position of Tchoiria in Simoedosauridae.
Difference in fatty acid composition and related nutritional indices of meatbetween two lines of slow-growing chickens slaughtered at different ages

Abstract. The fatty acid profile and the related indices of the nutritional quality of breast and thigh muscles were studied in two lines of chickens – La Belle (LB) and White Plymouth Rock (WPR) – slaughtered at the age of 9 and 18 weeks. The fatty acid profile was more affected by the age than the line of the birds; however, the influence of both differed between the breast and thigh. The content of total saturated fatty acids (SFAs) increased in the thigh (P
Religion, moral thought–action fusion, and obsessive–compulsive features in Israeli Muslims and Jews

ABSTRACT Previous studies suggest that the link between obsessive–compulsive (OC) symptoms and moral thought–action fusion (TAF) depends on religion; however, no study has compared Muslim and Jewish samples. We examined the relationships between OC symptoms, scrupulosity, religiosity, and moral TAF in Israeli Muslims and Jews. Religiosity was not associated with elevations in OC symptoms, although religiosity correlated with scrupulosity across the entire sample after controlling for depression and anxiety. Moral TAF was related to scrupulosity across the entire sample. The Muslim group had higher levels of OC symptoms, scrupulosity, and depressive symptoms than did the Jewish group, but the groups were equally religious. In addition, Muslims scored higher than did Jews on moral TAF even after controlling for symptoms; however, moral TAF was not related to scrupulosity within the Muslim group. In combination, these results imply that moral TAF depends on cultural and religious factors and does not necessarily indicate pathology.
Production of Alpha Amylase by Bacillus cereus in Submerged Fermentation

Microorganisms have the ability to secrete enzymes when they are grown in the presence of certain substrates. Amylases are among the most important industrial enzymes and are of great significance in biotechnological studies. Bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus were isolated using mannitol egg yolk polymyxin B (MYP) agar a highly selective media for Bacillus cereus isolation. The isolates were tested for α-amylase production on nutrient agar supplemented with starch and in submerged fermentation. The bacteria isolated and identified (using the Microgen Bacillus identification kit) were all Bacillus cereus and SB2 had the largest zone of hydrolysis of 12mm on nutrient agar supplemented with starch as well as the highest enzyme activity of 1.62U/ml. Amylase activity of 2.56U/ml was obtained after 24 hours incubation in submerged fermentation. When amylase enzyme production parameters where optimized, maximum amylase activity was obtained at a pH of 6.5, temperature of 35 0 C, incubation time of 24 hours and 4% inoculums concentration. Bacillus cereus SB2 is a potential isolate for alpha-amylase production with soluble starch as the sole carbon source in submerged fermentation.
Photo Editors' Search Tactics and Moves for Image Retrieval

The objective of this study is to investigate photo editors’ search tactics and moves during their searching for images. This study involves 30 photo editors from newspaper and magazine companies using the Associated Press Photo Archive Database to retrieve specific, general, and subjective photos. The results show that task type affected the choice of which tactics and moves to employ. More subjective tasks lead to more complex moves. Browse, enlarge/caption, enlarge, alter, and caption were top five common tactics used across the three searches. The results indicate that image searching is an intensively visual activity and browsing is the key move for image searching. This study suggests that a more responsive and powerful interface should be implemented to allow searchers to have more control when querying and using browsing features.
Low-level motor inhibition in children : evidence from the negative compatibility effect

The masked prime task was used to investigate low-level inhibitory motor control processes in two groups of children (7-8 years and 11-12 years) and in older adolescents/young adults (16-23 years). Masked prime stimuli, presented below the level of conscious awareness, systematically affected reaction times (RTs) to subsequent supraliminal target stimuli: RTs were longer when prime and target were mapped to the same response than when they were mapped to different responses. This negative compatibility effect did not differ significantly between age groups, consistent with the hypothesis that the underlying low-level inhibition processes are already fully developed in children as young as seven years of age. In contrast, performance differences between response repetition and response alternation trials were significantly larger in children, consistent with the hypothesis that higher-level control processes are less effective in children. Results provide converging evidence that whereas the latter processes are mediated by late-maturing (prefrontal cortical) areas, the former processes are mediated by earlier-maturing (possibly subcortical) structures.
ONS and DBS for the Treatment of Chronic Cluster Headache

Research focus: Chronic cluster headache (CCH) is a pathological entity leading to a severe degree of disability. It is characterized by pain attacks occurring daily or spaced out by remission periods of <1 month, contrarily to the episodic form. When the condition results to be refractory to conservative treatments (both prophylactic and abortive treatments) and when such condition is present for at least 2 years, surgical treatment is suggested. Research methods: We here report our institutional experience with regard to both occipital nerve stimulation (ONS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS) for the treatment of the disease. Results/findings of the research: 15 out of 28 (65%) patients submitted to ONS had ≥50% reduction in 32 headache number per day and were considered responders; 12 out of 17 patients (70%) submitted to phyp DBS showed long-last improvement. Main conclusions and recommendations: Although no valid predictive factor is available at the moment, due to the lack of prospective and randomized studies, both procedures seem to constitute safe and valid treatments for such disabling condition. two that the of the Five of our patients (30%) not responders. response to hypothalamic predictive (80%) unsuccessful bilateral and three developed tolerance to hypothalamic stimulation after 1–2 years of improvement.
Influence of climate variables on roadkill rates of wild vertebrates in the cerrado biome, Brazil

: Wildlife road killing is a problem for animal conservation in the world. In order to mitigate this problem, it is necessary to understand the factors that affect it, like seasonality and climatic variables. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of climatic variables (mean temperature, relative air humidity and accumulated precipitation), seasonality and average daily traffic (ADT) on vertebrate roadkill rates in an area of Cerrado biome, Brazil. The study area is a stretch of 96 km of the highway BR-050, a four-lane road, between the cities of Uberlândia and Uberaba, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This area is characterized by intense fragmentation of natural areas, with few remnants of Cerrado biome. The climate has two very defined seasons, a warm and rainy summer and a very dry winter. We analyzed data from roadkill monitoring carried out from April 2012 to March 2013. The road was monitored weekly by car at an average speed of 60 km/h, by two observers, totaling 8,064 km surveyed. The highest roadkill rates for reptiles were recorded in the rainy season, for the other groups (mammals and birds) no difference was found. We also checked seasonality for the most abundant species: the highest number of roadkills was found in the rainy season for the common boa ( Boa constrictor amarali) and for the six-banded armadillo ( Euphractus sexcinctus) . For the crab-eating fox ( Cerdocyon thous), crab-eating raccoon ( Procyon cancrivorus) , striped hog-nosed skunk ( Conepatus semistriatus) and red-legged seriema ( Cariama cristata) we found no difference. The humidity and accumulated precipitation positively influenced the reptile roadkill rate. As expected, the same result was found for Boa constrictor amarali . Mammal roadkill rate increases with accumulated precipitation, on the other hand, Euphractus sexcinctus roadkill rate increases with temperature. Birds are not affected by climate variables, nevertheless, Cariama cristata roadkill rate decreases as humidity increases. Contrary to expectations, ADT had no influence on roadkill rates. These results show that it is necessary to investigate the influence of possible descriptor variables on mammals, birds and reptiles separately and not for all vertebrates as a group. Furthermore, certain species may even present different temporal patterns.
Development of microsatellites for the bay scallop, Argopecten irradians (Lamarck), with application to evaluating restoration

Due to the threats of pollution, overfishing, and harmful algal blooms, populations of the bay scallop have become jeopardized throughout this species range. Proactive restoration efforts have been undertaken in Florida, North Carolina and New York with varying degrees of success. However, the interpretation of the impacts of restoration activities are complicated by a lack of direct assessments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of microsatellite markers and multi-locus assignments in genetic assessment of bay scallop restoration. Five-hundred and thirteen clones from a genomic library were sequenced and yielded 93 loci, of which five were developed for use in this project. These five loci exhibited relatively high variation (8-25 alleles/locus) and adhered to expectations of Mendelian inheritance and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The parents and offspring of a hatchery spawn were genotyped with the microsatellites and revealed a loss of allelic diversity in the F1 generation. Parentage analysis indicated highly biased contribution with over 87% of the offspring whose parentage was identified being attributable to a single pair of scallops. Samples of three regional populations of scallops (Florida, North Carolina and New York) were genotyped using nine loci and exhibited significant genic differentiation. The highest level of differentiation was found to occur between Florida and the Atlantic samples (FST=0.1137). Assignment of scallops to regions indicated high power of assignment between Florida and Atlantic populations, but low power between New York and North Carolina populations. In addition, Bayesian clustering indicated population structure between Florida and the Atlantic samples, but none between New York and North Carolina. Microsatellite analysis and assignment tests were applied to an assessment of restoration in Pine Island Sound following a 2003 release of 1.5 million larvae from a hatchery spawning of twelve scallops from Anclote Estuary. Scallops sampled from the wild populations in Pine Island Sound, Anclote Estuary and Steinhatchee (a site north of Anclote Estuary) were used to define potential source populations. Little to no differentiation between these populations was observed, and assignment analyses correctly identified the origin of these scallops less than 50% of the time. Assignment of a sample of post-restoration scallops from Pine Island Sound was inconclusive as the assignment tests were unable to distinguish between potential source populations. The utility of microsatellites and multilocus analysis in restoration depends on moderate differentiation between the restoration stock and the wild population, as well as appropriate genetic characterization of the restoration stock sample.
Determination of phthalate esters in Egyptian PET-bottled water investigated under different storage conditions

APA Citation Zaki, G. (2015). Determination of phthalate esters in Egyptian PET-bottled water investigated under different storage conditions [Master’s thesis, the American University in Cairo]. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt. edu/etds/92 MLA Citation Zaki, Ghada Ismail. Determination of phthalate esters in Egyptian PET-bottled water investigated under different storage conditions. 2015. American University in Cairo, Master's thesis. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt. edu/etds/92
Analysis of health status of the frog Fejervarya limnocharis (Anura: Ranidae) living in rice paddy fields of Western Ghats, using body condition factor and AChE content

We evaluated the health status of common frog Fejervarya limnocharis living in rice paddy fields of Western Ghats. For this purpose, body conditions factors (CF), Hepato somatic index (HSI), Acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activities in brain and liver tissues and morphological abnormalities of frogs living in uncontaminated and agrochemical contaminated rice paddy fields were analyzed. Pesticide residues present in the soil of contaminated rice paddy fields varied between 0.001 to 0.03 ppm, while it is undetectable in uncontaminated fields. AChE content in brain and liver tissues of frog was found to be high in uncontaminated rice paddy fields and decreased in contaminated rice paddy fields. We found a higher frequency of morphological abnormalities (18.7 ± 1.92 %) in frogs collected from rice paddy fields with history of continuous pesticide applications, than in frogs collected from uncontaminated rice paddy fields (3.4 ± 1.20 %). Frogs in contaminated rice paddy fields showed high HSI levels indicating stress on their liver. Presence of high HSI, morphological abnormalities, low AChE concentrations, and low body condition factor suggest a decreased health status of frogs F. limnocharis living in agrochemical contaminated rice paddy fields in Western Ghats.
A Group Preference Axiomatization with Cardinal Utility

Given a group composed of N individuals and given that each has rated all of the alternatives using a cardinal utility function, the problem is to aggregate these to obtain a group cardinal utility function for evaluating each alternative. The cardinal utilities indicate the strength of preference of one alternative relative to others as well as order the alternatives. Five assumptions, which seem reasonable for the aggregation, are postulated, and it is shown the group cardinal utility function which is implied must be a linear combination of the individual cardinal utility functions. For assessing such a function, interpersonal comparisons of preferences are required. Suggestions for who should make these comparisons and how they might be done are given.
Test modules for projectivity

Let R be a commutative noetherian local ring with identity. Modules over R will be assumed to be finitely generated and unitary. A nonzero /? -module M is said to be a strong test module for projectivity if the condition B\llR(P. M) = (0), for an arbitrary module P. implies that P is projective. This definition is due to Mark Ramras [5]. He proves that a necessary condition for M to be a strong test module is that depth Mil. This is also easy to see. In this note it is proved that, over a regular local ring, this condition is also sufficient for M to qualify as a strong test module. By R we mean a commutative noetherian local ring with identity. Module means a finitely generated unitary /\-module. We use [6] as a standing reference for unexplained terms and basic facts on local algebra. In [5], Mark Ramras introduced the notion of strong test module. Definition. Let M be a nonzero Ä-module. M is said to be a strong test module if Ext'Ä(,P, M) = (0), for an arbitrary module P, implies that P is projective. It is known that the residue field and the maximal ideal of R are examples of strong test modules. Besides, a necessary condition for M to be a strong test module is that depth M < 1. This is well known and easy [5]. It is the purpose of this note to show that over a regular local ring this condition is also sufficient for M to qualify as a strong test module. This is Theorem 1. The proof depends on several lemmas which are well known. As usual * denotes duals and p.d. stands for projective dimension. Lemma 1. Suppose A and B are nonzero R-modules. Let p.d. A = n. Then Ext"R(A, B) * (0).
Ho-166 m activity measurements to include the IRA and the NPL and a re-evaluation of the degrees of equivalence for the APMP . RI ( II )-K 2 . Ho-166 m comparison

The IRA and the NPL have submitted ampoules of Ho to the International Reference System (SIR) for activity comparison at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, thus becoming the third and fourth participants since 1989. The five samples of known activity of Ho now recorded in the SIR have activities between about 70 kBq and 500 kBq. The new results have enabled a reevaluation of the key comparison reference value and the degrees of equivalence between each equivalent activity measured in the SIR and the key comparison reference value (KCRV) have been calculated. The results are given in the form of a matrix for these four NMIs together with the re-calculated degrees of equivalence of an APMP regional comparison held in 2000, comparison identifier APMP.RI(II)-K2.Ho-166m for six other NMIs. A graphical presentation is also given.
Heterogeneity of zooplankton of the Rezukhal Estuary, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh with seasonal environmental effects

This study was carried out in the Rezukhal Estuary, Ukhia, Cox’s Bazar of Bangladesh from January 2013 to November 2013 at three different stations and sampling were done in the winter (January 2013), pre-monsoon (April 2013), and post-monsoon (November 2013). The abundance of zooplankton varied between 39.85 and 48.85 ind. m during winter, 25.38 and 29.30 ind. m during pre-monsoon and 33.31 and 38.38 ind. m during post monsoon in the three stations. Copepods comprised the bulk of total zooplankton fauna in all three seasons; the highest 65.77% recorded at the station 3 during winter and the lowest 34.09% at the station 1 during pre-monsoon. The Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H') varied between 1.387 and 2.035, Evenness Index (J) between 0.5408 and 0.8981 and Species Richness (d) between 1.743 and 2.047 during the study period. Spearman rank correlation (BIO-ENV, PRIMER V.6) showed that water pH is the most important influencing factor having the highest correlation (r=0.856) with the zooplankton community. Total dissolved solid, water phosphate-phosphorus (PO4-P) and dissolved oxygen were identified as the best environmental variables and they influenced the zooplankton assemblage at different range of rank correlations (r=0.775 to 0.823). Salinity and total dissolved solid (TDS) negatively influenced the abundance of the most dominant zooplankton group, Copepods, at a 5% and 1% level of significance respectively. Chaetognatha, fish larva and Molluscs larva was positively influenced by water pH at a 1% level of significance while crab zoea by water temperature at a 5% level of significance.
Adult Crime, Adult Time

Contemporary concerns about youth violence and related legislative reforms have resulted in greater numbers of adolescent offenders being handled in the adult criminal justice system. Although some past research suggests that juveniles transferred to adult court often receive somewhat lenient treatment, more recent studies focusing on violent youthful offenders have found the adult system to be more punitive in nature. This study examined this issue for 557 violent youth from Pennsylvania, of which 138 were judicially waived to adult court. Statistical analyses revealed that in terms of punishment certainty, severity, and swiftness, juveniles transferred to adult court were treated more harshly than were those retained in juvenile court, whereas juvenile court processing occurred much more quickly. Corresponding policy implications are discussed.
Tax Morale: A Survey with a Special Focus on Switzerland

Tax morale has received a growing attention in academics as well as in public life. The relevance of tax morale for fiscal policy cannot be neglected as tax morale can help to explain the level of tax compliance or tax evasion. This paper gives an overview of tax morale with a special focus on Switzerland. We highlight the magnitude and the de-terminants of tax morale that have been isolated so far and discuss directions for future research in this area. In particular, we concentrate on fiscal policy implications.
Attachment and Delayed Gratification in the Technological Age

ATTACHMENT AND DELAYED GRATIFICATION IN THE TECHNOLOGICAL AGE Advanced modem communications technology, particularly cell phones and their increasingly popular text messaging capability, allow instant and constant contact between partners. As a result, interpersonal interactions have become imbued with an immediacy and connectedness unrelated to physical proximity. Instant access and immediate gratification, as the new norm or expectation in interpersonal interactions, are bound to have an impact on relationships as well as one's ability to exercise self-control and delay gratification. This impact was presumed to be markedly greater for individuals whose first romantic relationships were navigated with texting. This study offers an empirical examination of the relationship between romantic attachment, ability to delay gratification, self-control, and generation. Its aim is to begin to address several research questions: Is our attachment in a romantic relationship less secure as a result of 24-hour access to our partner? Is it likely that growing up with the instant gratification afforded by modem technology impairs one's ability to delay gratification and exercise self­ control? Are text checking and responding fair measures of the ability to delay gratification? Finally, do generation and romantic attachment style predict the ability to delay gratification and exercise self-control? While this study does not demonstrate causality, it does reveal that the level of attachment anxiety is higher among members of the Net Generation than their Non-Net counterparts. However, the study does not allow one to conclude that modem technology is responsible for any decrement in attachment anxiety. Neither does it mean that modem communications technology has no impact on one's ability to delay gratification or exercise self~control. Rather, this study suggests that these constructs are relatively stable and perhaps immune from environmental influences such as advanced technological communications. Additionally, while text checking appears to have a moderate negative relationship with the ability to exercise self-control, text responding is not a fair measure of one's ability to delay gratification or exercise self-control. Explanations for these findings and their implications for counseling psychology are discussed.