Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Safe Performance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Five Patients with Permanent Cardiac Pacemakers

Five patients with permanent cardiar pacemakers (Pacesetter models 261. 283. 2020, 2022) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Only one patient (underlying rhythm asystole) was pacemaker dependent. A variety of pacing configuration (single and dual chamber: unipolar and bipolar: sensor and nonsensor driven) were scanned. A thorough evaluation of each pacing system was performed before and after scanning including determination of pacing and sensing thresholds. During MRI the patient was monitored using either ECG, pulse oximetry, or direct voice contact. In four patients heavy dressings were applied over the pacemaker pocket site. Patients were asked to report any symptoms experienced during MRI. Results: The four nonpacemaker dependent patients remained in sinus rhythm throughout the MRI. During and after the MRI all pacemakers continued to function normally except for one transient pause of approximately 2 seconds (noted by pulse oximeter) toward the end of the scan. This occurred in pacemaker dependent patient with a unipolar dual chamber device programmed DOO. No patient experienced any lorque or heat sensation. Conclusion: When appropriate strategies are used our experience suggests that MRI may be performed when necessary with an acceptable risk‐benefit ratio to the patient. It is unclear whether the isolated pause that was observed was due to the effect of the MRI, an artifact with the monitoring system, or oversensing by the pacemaker. Appropriable patient selection, close monitoring during the scan, and follow‐up after MRI are of paramount importance. Further stydy is necessary to refine the appropriate stralegies that could be used to consistently perform MRI sately in a selected pacemaker population.
Early hearing protection by brain-derived neurotrophic factor

Abstract Conclusion: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protects the inner ear from PaExoA (exotoxin A from Pseudomonas aeruginosa)-induced sensory neural hearing loss when administered 12 h after exotoxin, but not after 72 h. Objective: BDNF is a peptide in the neurotrophin family with protective effects against noise-induced hair cell loss and toxic inner ear damage following exposure to cisplatin. The exotoxin A (PaExoA) from P. aeruginosa, the most common microorganism in chronic suppurative otitis media, induces sensorineural hearing loss in rats. Previous study showed that, when given simultaneously with the exotoxin, BDNF protected the inner ear from damage. The aim of this study was to determine if BDNF has a protective effect when given 12–72 h after PaExoA. Materials and Methods : Five groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The three control groups (n = 16) were as follows. Group 1 (n = 8) received 15 µg/20 µl PaExoA; group 2 (n = 5) received 20 µg/20 µl PaExoA; and group 3 (n = 3) received 25 µg/20 µl PaExoA injected into the round window niche. There were two treatment groups (n = 12): group A (n = 6) received 15 µg/20 µl PaExoA and 4 µg/20 µl BDNF 12 h later; group B (n = 6) received 15 µg/20 µl PaExoA and 4 µg/20 µl BDNF 72 h later. Brainstem response audiometry (ABR) was performed on day 0 (control), and repeated on days 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 to analyze the thresholds shifts. Results: Exposure to 15 µg/20 µl PaExoA caused persistent and significant ABR impairment in controls when measured after 35 days. A single dose of BDNF given 12 h after PaExoA reduced hearing loss significantly, but when BDNF was given 72 h after PaExoA no protective effect was evident.
Panniculitis in childhood

Panniculitis refers to disorders with inflammation of the subcutaneous fat. Such inflammation can be primary or can be a reaction pattern induced by a systemic process. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children. These include erythema nodosum, subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn, sclerema neonatorum, poststeroid panniculitis, and cold panniculitis. The most typical clinical finding is tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules. Clinical clues can aid in the diagnosis of the panniculitides, but pathology is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis. In general, the pediatric panniculitides are treated with supportive care and management of any underlying disorders, but certain types such as infectious panniculitis and malignancy‐related panniculitis require more specific therapies.
Rapid Communication The Small , Methionine-Rich Chloroplast Heat-Shock Protein Protects Photosystem II Electron Transport during Heat Stress 1

Evidence suggests that the small chloroplast heat-shock protein (Hsp) is involved in plant thermotolerance but its site of action is unknown. Functional disruption of this Hsp using anti-Hsp antibodies or addition of purified Hsp to chloroplasts indicated that (a) this Hsp protects thermolabile photosystem II and, consequently, whole-chain electron transport during heat stress; and (b) this Hsp completely accounted for heat acclimation of electron transport in pre-heat-stressed plants. Therefore, this Hsp is a major adaptation to acute heat stress in plants.
PGE2‐mediated upregulation of iNOS in murine breast cancer cells through the activation of EP4 receptors

We report here that endogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) resulting from cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 expression in a highly metastatic murine breast cancer cell line C3L5 upregulates IFN‐γ + LPS‐induced nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) expression and NO production. This action of PGE2 is mediated through the EP4 receptor in a cAMP‐dependent manner. Both nonselective and selective COX‐2 inhibitors suppressed IFN‐γ + LPS‐induced NO production, which was largely restored by exogenous PGE2 or EP4 receptor agonist PGE1 alcohol. EP4 antagonist AH‐23848B inhibited NO production with a concomitant downregulation of iNOS mRNA in IFN‐γ + LPS‐stimulated cells. cAMP dependence of NO production by cells under inducible conditions was demonstrated by the use of known modulators of intracellular cAMP. Since both COX‐2 and iNOS are implicated in breast cancer progression, our findings of EP4 receptor‐mediated upregulation of iNOS in COX‐2‐expressing breast cancer cells suggest that blocking COX‐2 and/or EP4 may provide a simple therapeutic modality in this tumor model. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On the Scope of Hardware Acceleration of Reconfigurable Processors in Mobile Devices

Reconfigurable devices like Configurable Systems on a Chip (CSoCs) have the ability to exchange parts of hardware during runtime. Multimedia applications often require computing power and often can be accelerated by specific hardware circuits. In this contribution we present the effect of hardware acceleration in reconfigurable devices. We introduce a new model of adaptive processors and describe its basic principle of operation. The model allows runtime variations of the type and number of functional units (including application specific FUs) as well as variations of the communication structure. Then, we discuss our multimedia kernel Inverse Discrete Cosine Transformation (IDCT) and the ability of shifting different parts of the IDCT into hardware. Simulation results show that hardware acceleration of multimedia operations in an adaptive processor leads to significant performance gains and therefore reduces energy consumption.
Plasma concentrations of epinephrine and arterenol following the actions of various agents on the adrenals.

Intra-aortic injections of eleven widely diversified chemical agents have been investigated with respect to their effects on plasma concentrations of epinephrine and arterenol. Increments in total plasma amines following test agents varied from zero to 60 times control values. Heart contractile force, arterial blood pressure and heart rate effects produced by these agents were consistently in agreement with the measured changes in plasma amines. Pentobarbital anesthesia markedly reduced the responsiveness of the adrenal medulla to potassium chloride.
State-of-the-Art Prescriptive Criteria Weight Elicitation

Comparatively few of the vast amounts of decision analytical methods suggested have been widely spread in actual practice. Some approaches have nevertheless been more successful in this respect than others. Quantitative decision making has moved from the study of decision theory founded on a single criterion towards decision support for more realistic decision-making situations with multiple, often conflicting, criteria. Furthermore, the identified gap between normative and descriptive theories seems to suggest a shift to more prescriptive approaches. However, when decision analysis applications are used to aid prescriptive decision-making processes, additional demands are put on these applications to adapt to the users and the context. In particular, the issue of weight elicitation is crucial. There are several techniques for deriving criteria weights from preference statements. This is a cognitively demanding task, subject to different biases, and the elicited values can be heavily dependent on the method of assessment. There have been a number of methods suggested for assessing criteria weights, but these methods have properties which impact their applicability in practice. This paper provides a survey of state-of-the-art weight elicitation methods in a prescriptive setting.
Target Recognition in SAR Images via Classification on Riemannian Manifolds

In this letter, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target recognition via classification on Riemannian geometry is presented. To characterize SAR images, which have broad spectral information yet spatial localization, a 2-D analytic signal, i.e., the monogenic signal, is used. Then, the monogenic components are combined by computing a covariance matrix whose entries are the correlation of the components. Since the covariance matrix, a symmetric positive definite one, lies on the Riemannian manifold, it is unreasonable to be dealt with by the standard learning techniques. To address the problem, two classification schemes are proposed. The first maps the covariance matrix into the vector space and feeds the resulting descriptor into a recently developed framework, i.e., sparse representation-based classification. The other embeds the Riemannian manifold into an implicit reproducing kernel Hilbert space, followed by least square fitting technique to recover the test. The inference is reached by evaluating which class of samples could reconstruct the test as accurately as possible.
Promotion of Tumor Cell Migration by Extracellular Matrix Proteins in Human Pancreatic Cancer

Objectives: The pathogenesis of pancreatic carcinoma is driven by the tumor cells ability to migrate causing invasion and metastases. The correlation between the aberrant expression of basement membrane proteins and the process of tumor invasion and metastasis has not been fully determined. Methods: In the present study, the influence of laminin, fibronectin, and collagen type IV on migratory activity of 5 different cell lines has been investigated at the level of a single tumor cell using 3-dimensional time-lapse microscopy. Results: All investigated cell lines have shown a high baseline migration that varied between 6.2 ± 3.6 and 20.6 ± 6.8 &mgr;m/h. The addition of laminin, fibronectin, and collagen type IV to collagen type I matrix has significantly increased tumor cell migration. Tumor cell migration was strongly inhibited after treating the tumor cells with anti-&bgr;1 monoclonal antibodies. An abundant and continuous expression of laminin, fibronectin, and collagen type IV was found on the basement membrane of perineurium, which sharply promoted tumor cell invasion. Conclusions: The continuous presentation of the basement membrane proteins by perineurium contributes to the affinity of pancreatic cancer cells for the perineural tumor invasion. Blockade of integrins could represent a possible approach to control the basement membrane-guided tumor spread.
Impact of Presurgical Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) on Surgical Planning – A Retrospective Analysis from a Private Radiology Group

Presurgical bilateral breast MRI is being increasingly utilized in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients to identify the presence of other potentially malignant lesions and thereby guide surgical planning. The authors have performed a retrospective analysis of presurgical MRIs in 445 breast cancer patients, consecutively seen in a community practice setting, to determine what risk factors may be associated with bilateral synchronous breast cancer. Clinical, imaging, surgical, and pathological data were collected on these newly diagnosed patients, who underwent presurgical breast MRIs from November 1, 2008 through October 31, 2009. The MRIs detected 84 incremental (additional) malignancies in 66 (14.8%) patients, including 22 patients in the contralateral breast (4.9%) and 48 patients who had ipsilateral incremental malignancies (10.8%). The presurgical breast MRIs had a sensitivity of 99% and a specificity of 86%. Based on the imaging study and the subsequent biopsy(s), 105 patients (23.6%) had changes in their surgical planning. For those with incremental breast malignancies, the synchronous bilateral breast cancer patients were older (67.5 ± 13.5 years, p = 0.01). Patients with ipsilateral incremental malignancies were younger (55.6 ± 10.4 years of age, p = 0.03). A strong family history and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) as the index lesion also appeared to be associated with increased bilateral malignancy detection. The authors conclude that although presurgical MRI remains controversial, our data support its role in surgical planning for newly diagnosed breast cancer patients.
Renal oncocytoma with invasive histopathologic features -  case report.

BACKGROUND Renal oncocytoma is an uncommon tumor, classified as a benign renal neoplasm in the World Health Organisation classification of renal tumours. Despite it there were described several reports with invasive histopathologic features. CASE REPORT We describe a case of renal oncocytoma with bizzare cells and invasion of renal sinus fat tissue. We performed immunohistochemical analysis of the case and a review of relevant literature. CONCLUSION In order to set up the right dia-gnosis the perfect co- operation of clinicians and pathologists is necessary. In our opinion, in accordance with other authors, the renal oncocytomas should be considered as having a very low rather than no malignant potential, in spite of clinically benign behavior, supplementing a hypothesis, whether renal oncocytomas may be considered as a precancerous lesion of chromophobe carcinoma.
Erratum for ‘‘Heritabilities and Correlations of Fusarium Ear Rot Resistance and Fumonisin Contamination Resistance in Two Maize Populations’’

In volume 46, issue 1, p. 353–361, the estimates of heritability for fumonisin concentration and Fusarium ear rot in the NC3003 B104 recombinant inbred population were computed incorrectly. The corrected estimates of heritability on an entry mean basis are 0.88 (SE 5 0.03) for fumonisin concentration and 0.86 (SE 5 0.03) for ear rot. The corrected estimates of heritability on a plot basis are 0.58 (SE 5 0.06) for fumonisin concentration and 0.55 (SE 5 0.07) for ear rot. The corrected estimate of heritability on an individual plant basis for ear rot is 0.22 (SE 5 0.03). The corrected estimate of the relative efficiency of indirect selection is 0.85. All of the corrected parameter estimates are higher than the original estimates reported, and the changes do not affect our conclusions.
Urinary iodine excretion during normal pregnancy in healthy women living in the southwest of France: correlation with maternal thyroid parameters.

A prospective study was undertaken to evaluate urinary iodine excretion and changes of maternal thyroid function during pregnancy in healthy women living in the southwest of France. The cohort included a total of 347 pregnant women (mean age 28.0+/-0.5 years). Iodine concentration in a random urine sample and thyroid tests (free thyroxine [FT4], free triiodothyronine [FT3], thyrotropin (TSH), thyroxine-binding globulin [TBG], and thyroglobulin [Tg]) were measured at initial presentation (before 12 weeks of gestation), and during the ninth month of pregnancy. A thyroid ultrasound was performed 1 to 5 days after delivery in 246 mothers. Mean urinary iodine levels were low during the first trimester (6.9+/-0.4 microg/dL), as well as during the ninth month of pregnancy (8.6+/-0.6 microg/dL). During pregnancy, FT4 and T3 concentrations decreased (p < .001), and TSH and Tg concentrations increased (p < .001). Thyroid hypertrophy (thyroid volume greater than 18 mL) was present in 15.4% of women whose first trimester urinary iodine concentration was less than 5 microg/dL, but was present in only 3.5% of women whose urinary iodine concentration was greater than 10 microg/dL. A goiter (thyroid volume greater than 22 mL) was present in 11% of the mothers. In conclusion, this prospective study shows that urinary iodine excretion is low in pregnant women living in the southwest of France. This low iodine intake is associated with reduced circulating thyroid hormone levels and growth of the thyroid gland. These data point to the need of an increased iodine supply in these pregnant women to reduce the potential consequences of low iodine intake on maternal thyroid economy.
Observations of the Boundary Current System at 26.5°N in the Subtropical North Atlantic Ocean

Abstract Five current meter moorings and four horizontal electric field records spanning June 1990–February 1992 are used to describe the mean structure and variability of the vertically averaged velocity field and volume transport extending 425 km east of Abaco, The Bahamas, at 26.5°N. Examination of zonal and meridional velocity sections shows that, while meandering may explain part of the variability, there is substantial evidence for pulsation of the core DWBC velocity in the record. Intermittently strong northward flow is observed 225 km east of Abaco that is significantly coherent and out of phase with the currents closer to the boundary at periods of 50–100 d and longer, suggesting recirculation. This is never observed 315 km offshore. At 380 km offshore and extending east at least 60 km, a strong, dominantly southward flow is observed that is coherent with both that near Abaco (in phase) and in the intervening recirculation zone (out of phase) at long periods. The net mean transport (over 17 month.
Risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission from heterosexual adults with transfusion-associated infections.

The risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission was studied by interviewing and testing the serum of heterosexual contacts and casual family contacts of adults with transfusion-associated HIV infections. Two (8%) of 25 husbands and ten (18%) of 55 wives who had had sexual contact with infected spouses were seropositive for HIV. Compared with seronegative wives, the seropositive wives were older (median ages, 54 and 62 years; P = .08) and actually reported somewhat fewer sexual contacts with their infected husbands (means, 156 and 82; P greater than .1). There was no difference in the types of sexual contact or methods of contraception of the seropositive and seronegative spouses. There was no evidence of HIV transmission to the 63 other family members. Although most husbands and wives remained uninfected despite repeated sexual contact without protection, some acquired infection after only a few contacts. This is consistent with an as yet unexplained biologic variation in transmissibility or susceptibility.
Shifted Fourier transform-based tensor algorithms for the 2-D DCT

In this paper, tensor algorithms for calculating the two-dimensional (2-D) discrete cosine transform (DCT) are presented. The tensor approach is based on the concept of the covering revealing the transforms, which yields in particular the splitting of the shifted 2/sup r//spl times/2/sup r/-point Fourier and cosine transforms into 2/sup r-1/3 one-dimensional (1-D) incomplete 2/sup r/-point transforms. The multiplicative complexity of the 2-D 2/sup r//spl times/2/sup r/-point discrete cosine transforms in terms of the tensor representation is 4/sup r/3-2/sup r-2/(r/sup 2/+7r+14), which is reduced to 4/sup r/8/3-2/sup r/(r/sup 2/+7r+10)-20/3 when using the improved tensor algorithm. The multiplicative complexity in the general L/sup r//spl times/L/sup r/ case, with a prime L>2, as well as in the L/sub 1/L/sub 2//spl times/L/sub 1/L/sub 2/ case, with arbitrary co-prime L/sub 1/, L/sub 2/>1, is provided. The examples of the tensor algorithms for calculating the 8/spl times/8-point DCT through 104, 88, and 84 multiplications are given in detail. Based on the proposed concept, the fast algorithm for calculating the 1-D DCT-I is also developed. The multiplicative complexity of the 2/sup r/-point DCT-I is 2/sup r+1/-(r-2)(r+5)/2-8. The comparative estimates with the known algorithms are given.
On the effect of variable endmember spectra in the linear mixture model

The linear mixture model is frequently used to characterize surface cover over land, to model the reflectance of heterogeneous surfaces, and, by inversion, to estimate fractional cover from a multispectral satellite signal. It is usually assumed that certain parameters of this model, namely the so-called endmember spectra, are fixed, and that the model residual - the difference between a signal and its expected value in terms of the linear model - is systematically independent of all other parameters. In a small number of studies the endmember spectra have been allowed to have random fluctuations, giving rise to a covariance matrix for the residual that depends on the underlying proportions, and two distinct models exist for this mixed-pixel covariance matrix. In this note the linear model for mixed pixels is examined with varying endmember spectra, and it is shown that under a simple set of models for the variability of both endmembers and abundance, the covariance matrix for the residual is a weighted sum of the two previously considered cases. Generally, the balance between the two limiting cases is determined by the length scale for changes in the reflectance of any given cover type, and the length scale for changes in surface cover itself; one or other of the two limit models is preferred when these lengths are very different.
Technetium-99m-furifosmin as an agent for functional imaging of multidrug resistance in tumors.

UNLABELLED There has been a preliminary report that furifosmin, like the other lipophilic 99mTc cations sestamibi and tetrofosmin, is a substrate for P-glycoprotein, the membrane transporter that is a mechanism of multidrug resistance (MDR) in tumors. This has been further investigated in the rat mammary carcinoma cell line MatB/WT and its doxorubicin-selected resistant variant MatB/AdrR. METHODS In vitro studies were performed by adding furifosmin to stirred single-cell suspensions of MatB/WT and MatB/AdrR in the presence or absence of the Pgp-modulating drug PSC833. Dynamic imaging studies over 30 min were performed in rats bearing MatB/WT or MatB/AdrR tumors growing in the leg. RESULTS Accumulation of furifosmin in MatB/AdrR cells in vitro was much lower than that in MatB/WT cells. The addition of 1 microM PSC833 increased the plateau accumulation in MatB/AdrR cells 2.4-fold, but did not affect accumulation in MatB/WT cells. In rats, furifosmin accumulated rapidly in MatB/WT tumors and washed out with a mean t3 of 78 min. Washout from MAtB/AdrR tumors was more rapid, with a t3 of 46 min (p < 0.025). Following dissection of animals at 30 min, mean tumor-to-muscle ratios were 1.57 and 1.05 in MatB/WT and MatB/ AdrR tumors, respectively (p < 0.025). CONCLUSION Furifosmin is suitable for functional imaging of multidrug resistance in tumors.