Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A GENERAL ELLIPTIC NONLINEAR SYSTEM OF MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS WITH APPLICATION

The purpose of this paper is to give a sufficient condition for the existence, nonexistence and uniqueness of positive solutions to a rather general type of elliptic system of the Dirichlet problem on a bounded domain Ω in R. We also investigate the effects of perturbation on the positive solutions to the system. The techniques used in this paper are upper-lower solutions, eigenvalues of operators, the maximum principles and spectrum estimates. The arguments also rely on some detailed properties for the solution of logistic equations. This result yields an algebraically computable criterion for the positive coexistence of competing species of animals in many biological models. AMS Subject Classification: 35A05, 35A07, 35B50, 35G30, 35J25, 35K20
Experimental model of osteoporosis on 14 week old ovariectomised rats: a biochemical, histological and biomechanical study

1High Medical School, Nikole Pašić 4a, 79000 Prijedor, Republic of Serpska, Bosna and Herzegovina 2Department of Farmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000 Banjaluka, Republic of Serpska, Bosna and Herzegovina 3 Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty od Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia 4Institute for Forensic Medicine, Zdrave Korde 1, 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Serpska, Bosna and Herzegovina 5Health institution Medico-S, Jevrejska 58a, 78000 Banjaluka, Republic of Serpska, Bosna and Herzegovina
Genetic Diversity Analysis and QTL Mapping in Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) using Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT)

Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) was used for diversity analysis and QTL mapping in pearl millet. DArT array was developed from 95 diverse genotypes using PstI/BanII complexity reduction method and consisted of 6912 clones. 574 DArT markers were identified after genotyping a diverse set of 24 inbred lines. Genetic relationships revealed by cluster analysis were in agreement with their known pedigree. Two mapping populations (81B-P6 x ICMP 451-P8 and H 77/833-2 x PRLT 2/89-33) were genotyped with DArT array and SSR markers and high-density genetic linkage maps were constructed. The maps of respective populations comprised of 286 loci with 740.3 cM map length and 321 loci spanning 1148 cM. DArT markers were mapped for the first time in pearl millet. 78 markers were common across the two populations which allow the development of a well-saturated consensus linkage map. 167 RILs derived from cross 81B-P6 x ICMP 451-P8 were assessed for rust reaction and a major QTL (LOD 27) was mapped near the top of LG 1 explaining 58% of the observed phenotypic variation and the allele of resistant parent ICMP 451-P8 conferred resistance. This study is a novel report on QTL mapping for rust resistance in pearl millet on LG 1.
The spatial variability of PM_{2.5} over Europe using satellite POLDER-3/PARASOL data

The paper presents the results of the monthly mean PM2.5 analysis in the period from 2005 to 2013 over the Europe based on the connection between daily ne particle concentrations (PM2.5) by surface in-situ measurements in AIRBASE network and column aerosol optical thickness (AOT) derived from POLDER-3/PARASOL satellite sensor. The regression function between PM2.5 and AOT was derived from measurements done over Europe in the period from April to October 2007. Considering 749 match-up data points over 20 ne particle monitoring sites, we found that the POLDER-3/PARASOL derived AOT at 865 nm is correlated with collocated PM2.5 measurements with a correlation coe cient 0.62 (RMS = 3.26). According to the obtained linear regression PM2.5 = 73.4×AOT865 + 9.6, a signi cant o set caused an introduction of the threshold of 0.01 in monthly mean AOT for assessment of PM2.5 based on satellite data. Therefore, only PM2.5 values larger than 10. 3μg/m 3 can be obtained using this method. According to results the monthly mean PM2.5 in the period from 2005 to 2013 over the Europe is usually characterised by values less than 12μg/m (classi ed as good by Air Quality Categories, AQC), but values ranging from 12 to 18μg/m (classi ed as moderate ) are found in the densely populated and industrial areas, such as the Netherlands, Belgium, the Ruhr and Danube area, Northern Italy, Poland, Romania and Eastern Ukraine. Additionally, the maximum values of PM2.5 over Eastern Europe are observed during forest, peat and agricultural wild res in May 2006 (15 21μg/m), April 2009 (14 18μg/m) and August 2010 (35 55μg/m, classied as unhealthy for sensitive groups ). An extended set of aerosol parameters including particle size distribution, complex refractive index, as well as parameters characterising aerosol particle shape and vertical distribution will be analysed in the future work.
Assessing the Performance of the BIM Implementation Process within a Small Specialty Contracting Enterprise

Journal: Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Manuscript ID cjce-2014-0484.R2 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 28-May-2015 Complete List of Authors: Poirier, Erik; École de Technologie Supérieure, Construction Engineering; University of British-Colombia, Civil Engineering Staub-French, Sheryl; The University of British Columbia, Civil Engineering Forgues, Daniel; Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Genie de la Construction;
Genetic Analysis of the Infestation of Caracu Female Cattle Breed by Cattle Tick (Boophilus microplus)

The objective of this study was to evaluate environmental aspects that affect the infestation of the Caracu cattle breed by the cattle tick Boophilus microplus (Canestrini, 1887) and to estimate genetic parameters for the level of this infestation. Countings of the parasite were done on female cattle from two herds, during all four seasons of the year, in two consecutive years (from September 1998 through July 2000). The number of ticks (NC) on one side of the animal was counted, and the infestations were also evaluated by scores (EC), according to the estimated number of parasites on the animal. Each animal had from one to eight observations. A total of 4,079 and 3,994 observations were obtained for NC and EC, respectively. The data were analyzed by the least squares method with a model that included the effects of herd (H), color of the animal (C), H x C, animal within H x C as error a, year, season, thickness of the hair, and age of animal as a covariable (linear and quadratic effects). The variance and covariance components were estimated by the restricted maximum likelihood derivative free method, using a model that included the effects of contemporary group (herd – year – season), hair thickness and age of the animal as a covariable (linear and quadratic effects), and the random additive direct and permanent environmental effects. Before the analyses, NC was transformed to log10 (n + 1) and EC was transformed to (x + 0.5) 1/2, where n is the number of ticks counted on the animal and x is the score for EC (0 to 4). The incidence of ticks was higher during the summer, and the ticker the hair the higher the infestation. The heritability and repeatability estimates were equal to 0.22 and 0.29, and 0.15 and 0.21 for NC and EC, respectively, and the genetic correlation between NC and EC was 1.00. The results indicate that there is enough additive genetic variation on tick numbers to support a selection program to increase resistance.
Dispersion Relations for Waves in Anisotropic and Stratified Magnetoplasmas

The linear theory for magneto-acoustic-gravity waves in an anisotropic and stratified magneto-plasma is extended. In particular it is shown how to generalize the results of previous authors to consider anisotropic pressures according to the generalized Chew–Goldberger–Low model. The possibility of instabilities is demonstrated.
Compensation incentives, deregulation and risk-taking : Lessons from the U.S. banking industry

We examine the relation between the sensitivity of CEO stock options to equity risk (Vega), as an incentive to increase risk, and risk-taking in a sample of 156 bank holding companies (BHCs) over the 1993-2006 period. We also analyze the trend over time of the Vega of bank CEOs’ stock options, and examine its determinants. Our evidence shows that the incentives to increase risk provided to bank CEOs through compensation have increased significantly as we moved towards a more deregulated banking environment. We also find that BHCs that grant their CEOs stock options with a high Vega take on higher risks.
An equation of state for shock loaded powders

A simple analytical model is developed for the shock Hugoniot of a powdered material. Previous models have exhibited decreasing accuracy when applied to powders and porous materials of high initial porosity. This deficiency has been avoided in the present model. A special feature of this model is provision for a cold pressure loading relation which covers the full range of consolidation mechanics including relative particle movement, elastic and plastic deformation,fracture and bulk compression. This empirical cold loading relation is incorporated into a Mie–Gruneisen treatment of the shock process. This ensures that the model correctly describes behavior for all starting porosities and shock strengths and as such is suitable for use with all powdered and porous materials. A limiting density ratio is prediced at high shock strengths. The accuracy of the model is demonstrated by comparison with previously published shock compaction data.
Initial Stages in Infection with Animal Viruses

Study of the initial stages of the interaction between animal viruses and their host cells has been overshadowed by interest in virus-directed macromolecular syntheses. However, increasing understanding of these processes has shown the difficulty of inhibiting them in vivo. The result is a resurgence of interest in the initial stages of infection, defined here as those virus-cell interactions which precede virus-directed synthetic processes. Despite incomplete data, hypotheses are taking shape and an appraisal of the situation seemed timely. This review will avoid the historical approach and focus on areas of particular interest or controversy. Early work, particularly morphological studies, has been thoroughly covered by others and will only be mentioned selectively (for details, consult Dales, 1965, 1973; Burrows, 1972; Lonberg-Holm & Philipson, 1974, 1980; B~ichi et al., 1977; Howe et al., 1980; Kohn, 1979). The sequence of initial stages of infection will be described using the arbitrary divisions of attachment of virus to cellular receptors, uptake, uncoating and transport to those intracellular sites where virus-directed syntheses commence. Much of the understanding of these processes is the outcome of work on non-virus systems particularly within the areas of biomembranes and intracellular architecture, but it also seems likely that the study of viruses will once more prove valuable in elucidating the behaviour of non-infected cells. However, virus particles are orders of magnitude larger than the common traffic passing into and out of cells (ions, metabolites, hormones etc.) and extrapolations may have to be treated with caution. The perennial problem of the study of early events of infection by morphological or biochemical means is the unfavourable ratio of physical particles : infectious particles which means that observations on the majority of particles may not be relevant to the infectious process. Nor is this situation helped by the realization that the high proportion of 'non-infectious' particles may result from an infectious particle engaging in a non-productive encounter with a cell (Flamand & Bishop, 1973; Diacumakos & Gershey, 1977; Borsa et al., 1979). What is needed is a virus-cell system where the particle :infectivity ratio is unity.
AN ENVIRONMENTAL MAGNETO-LITHOGENETIC STUDY IN THE LAKES OF THE GORGOVA − UZLINA DEPRESSION (DANUBE DELTA, ROMANIA). II. INSIGHTS FROM SURFICIAL SEDIMENTS

This paper represents the second part of a larger survey devoted to the enviromagnetic characteristics and to the lithological composition of the lake sediments of the Gorgova – Uzlina Depression (Danube Delta). A first approach was dedicated to the investigation of nine sediment cores, located in the lakes Gorgova, Cuibeda, Uzlina and Isacova (Rădan et al., 2016). Now, the main aim of the article concerns the magnetic susceptibility (MS) of surficial (bottom) sediments from the lakes which have been in our attention in the first part of the study, to which other five more lakes, recently investigated (2014 − 2015), are added (i.e., Gorgovăţ, Obretinu Mic, Obretinciuc, Isăcel and Gorgoştel). The lithological (LITHO) support related to the magnetic susceptibility characterization of the lake sediments is equally analysed, and it is defined by the three main LITHO components: the SILiciclastic/minerogenic fraction (SIL), Total Organic Matter (TOM), and the CARbonates (CAR). Consequently, the MS data associated to the surficial sediments of each lake are interpreted by integrating them with the specific LITHO characteristics. The obtained results are based on collections of samples taken during the 2011 ÷ 2015 period, but also, in some cases, on data concerning the expeditions performed in 2006 (particularly related to the couple of lakes Uzlina Isacova). They represent new proofs which demonstrate the availabilities of the method used to identify the environmental influences on the magnetic susceptibility of lake sediments, and hence to assess the geoecological state of the investigated area. Besides, the comparison of the latest MS results with the magnetic susceptibility data achieved in the first sampling campaign in the Gorgova, Uzlina and Isacova Lakes, in 1979, brings an inedited enviromagnetic information extracted from the lacustrine sedimentary archives, just placed inside of an international context, if we refer to the beginning times of such types of researches in the world (e.g., Thompson et al., 1975).
Attitudes toward death: a survey of nursing students.

Abstract The literature devoted to the topics of death and care of the dying is expanding rapidly. As nurses are inevitably involved in terminal illness, death and grief, their attitudes toward death and factors which affect these attitudes, are worthy of study. This report describes the results of a continuing two-year survey of one class of students in a baccalaureate nursing program. A questionnaire was used at the beginning and end of one academic year. Data were obtained regarding background experiences with death, involvement in the care of dying patients, and common ideas, concerns and feelings about death. Data from the second testing also included perceived changes in "positive" and "negative" attitudes toward death, and the relative effect on attitudes of various factors during the year. Suggestions are offered for curriculum development and research in the challenging area of death education in nursing.
Pyothorax in cats and dogs Pyothorax bij de kat en de hond

Pyothorax, or thoracic empyema, is an infection of the pleural space, characterized by the accumulation of purulent exudate. It is a life-threatening emergency in dogs as well as in cats, with a guarded prognosis. Dyspnea and/or tachypnea, anorexia and lethargy are the most typical clinical signs. Diagnosis is usually straightforward, based on the clinical symptoms combined with pleural fluid analysis, including cytology and bacterial culture. Most commonly, oropharyngeal flora is isolated in the pleural fluid. Treatment can be medical or surgical, but needs to be immediate and aggressive. In this article, an overview of the various causes of both feline and canine pyothorax with its similarities and differences is provided. Epidemiology, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis are discussed.
Acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccination among academics at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Background: The South African Government has recently implemented the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme through the school health system. For the vaccination programme to be effective, it is important to investigate the acceptability of the vaccines among university academics. The objective of this study was to determine the awareness and acceptability of HPV vaccination among university academics, and to investigate whether health information increases the acceptability of the vaccines. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among academics from the University of KwaZulu-Natal — excluding medical school academics. Data were collected using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire, via an online survey. Results: It was found that most academics were aware of cervical cancer and HPV infections. The health information regarding HPV infections and vaccines had significantly increased the acceptance of HPV vaccine for their daughters (79% to 88%, p < 0.05). There was a knowledge gap regarding the safety and effectiveness of the vaccines. Conclusion: University academics need to be educated on this preventable disease so that they can provide accurate information to their students, who are in the high-risk population for cervical cancer.
Site U1454 1

C. France-Lanord, V. Spiess, A. Klaus, R.R. Adhikari, S.K. Adhikari, J.-J. Bahk, A.T. Baxter, J.W. Cruz, S.K. Das, P. Dekens, W. Duleba, L.R. Fox, A. Galy, V. Galy, J. Ge, J.D. Gleason, B.R. Gyawali, P. Huyghe, G. Jia, H. Lantzsch, M.C. Manoj, Y. Martos Martin, L. Meynadier, Y.M. R. Najman, A. Nakajima, C. Ponton, B.T. Reilly, K.G. Rogers, J.F. Savian, T. Schwenk, P.A. Selkin, M.E. Weber, T. Williams, and K. Yoshida2
Determination of 3-D Cloud Ice Water Contents by Combining Multiple Data Sources from Satellite, Ground Radar, and a Numerical Model

This study aims at determining the 3-dimensional distribution of ice water content over a broad area near the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plain site, where cloud radar and meteorological observations have been routinely conducted. Together with wind fields from other measurements, the ice water content retrievals can be used to derive cloud ice water advective tendency terms needed for single-column model simulations. In this study, a Bayesian retrieval algorithm has been developed, which combines multiple data sources from satellite high-frequency microwave radiometry and ground cloud radar observations, and mesoscale numerical model analysis. The cloud radar observations allow us to infer the characteristics of vertical ice water content structures. The numerical model data are used to locate the cloud height. The satellite data provide information on the integrated ice water path, its horizontal distribution over a broad area, and, to a lesser extent, the vertical structure of ice water content. Our approach is to retrieve the 3-dimensional cloud ice water content in a 10° by 10° area surrounding the cloud radar site by combining all the information contained in the above datasets through a Bayesian framework. Validation of the algorithm has been done by comparing the retrievals with measurements from two ground radars. The comparison shows that the mean ice water content profiles and the 2-dimensional (height-ice water content) probability density functions retrieved for 19 coincident cases agree fairly well with the validation data. However, the retrieved ice water contents generally lack of detailed vertical structures due to the low sensitivity of satellite data to the vertical variation of cloud ice.
COVARIATES OF NEONATAL MORTALITY IN KENYA BY: MUTISO VICTORIA MWIKALI

The study seeks to establish covariates of neonatal mortality in Kenya. The main study objective was to establish factors that influence neonatal mortality in Kenya. Data for this study was drawn from the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (2003). National Council for Population and Development and the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) carried out the KDHS, with technical assistance from macro-international incorporated of Claverton Maryland (USA). USAID/Nairobi and DFID/UK provided financial assistance. Survival analysis has been used to asses the association between the dependent variable and each of the explanatory variables. The study was confined to 5949 children born alive to the sample of women in the 3 years preceding the survey. The variables used in the study included: socioeconomic, socio-cultural and bio-demographic factors. Results obtained from the life table indicate that the risk of death during neonatal period is highest immediately after birth (0-<l day). During the first 6 days neonatal mortality remains high but decreases sharply to lower levels. The results conform approximately to the expected reversed J shaped mortality pattern. It is evident that from the findings that maternal education, wealth index, mother's region, mother's ethnicity, her religion, her marital status, mother's age at birth, preceding birth interval and birth order were significantly associated with the risk of neonatal death. However, mother's type of place of residence though associated with the risk of neonatal deaths was found not significantly associated with neonatal mortality in both models. The results of this study support the hypotheses that the risk of death decline with the increase in the numbers of formal schooling. Neonates born to mothers with no formal education faced substantially higher risks of neonatal death in comparison with the