Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Apple wine processing with different nitrogen contents

The aim of this work was to evaluate the nitrogen content in different varieties of apple musts and to study the effect of different nitrogen concentrations in apple wine fermentation. The average total nitrogen content in 51 different apples juices was 155.81 mg/L, with 86.28 % of the values above 100 mg/L. The apple must with 59.0, 122.0 and 163.0 mg/L of total nitrogen content showed the maximum population of 2.05x 107; 4.42 x 107 and 8.66 x 107 cell/mL, respectively. Therefore, the maximum fermentation rates were dependent on the initial nitrogen level, corresponding to 1.4, 5.1 and 9.2 g/L.day, respectively. The nitrogen content in the apple musts was an important factor of growth and fermentation velocity.
Nutritive value for ruminants of two herbaceous South American native legumes: Adesmia bicolor and Adesmia macrostachya

Chemical composition, in vitro fermentation and in situ degradability of the native South American legumes Adesmia bicolor and A. macrostachya were studied at vegetative (VG), flowering (FW) and seeding (SD) stages, and compared with those of alfalfa at 10% flowering (AL) in two separate studies. In A. bicolor, crude protein (CP) content was highest for FW, and FW and SD showed higher values than did AL (P < 0.05). At all stages, A. bicolor showed a lower content of neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre than did AL (P < 0.05). The maximum gas production (Coefficient b) was highest for FW, and no differences were recorded between SD and AL, the lowest value being for VG (P < 0.05). The effective dry matter degradability was higher for FW and VG than for SD and AL (P < 0.05), whereas effective CP degradability tended (P = 0.077) to be higher for FW than for the other stages of A. bicolor, but no differences between FW and AL were detected. A. macrostachya had lower CP content (P < 0.001), but its VG and FW stages also had lower proportions of neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and acid detergent lignin (P < 0.01) than did AL. Chemical and fermentation parameters were affected by maturity of A. macrostachya. The effective dry matter degradability was higher for VG and FW than for SD and AL (P < 0.001), but no differences were apparent on the effective CP degradability. A. bicolor showed a high nutritive value, which was even higher than that of AL, and the maturity stage of this species did not markedly affect its nutritive value, whereas the nutritive value of A. macrostachya reduced as it matured.
OUTDOOR GAMMA RADIATION MEASURMENT IN ORDER TO ESTIMATE THE ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSE AND EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK FOR RESIDENTS OF TEHRAN, IRAN

Introduction: Gamma ray radiation can cause ionization and harmful effects on human health due to its high levels of energy. However, contrary to popular belief, natural sources of gamma radiation are far greater in number than artificial sources. This study aims to determine the environmental gamma dose rate and the zoning map of Tehran, and estimate the annual effective dose and the excess risk of cancer in Tehran. Materials and methods: This study is descriptive and cross-sectional. In it, the researchers measured the gamma radiation rate using a Geiger Muller detector at 50 outdoor stations in Tehran during the winter and the spring of 2016. The data was zoned using Arc GIS 10.3. Results: The average background environmental gamma dose rate in Tehran was obtained at 605.54 nsv/h. There is a statistically significant difference between radiation in winter and in spring (P <0.05). The annual effective dose for the inhabitants of Tehran and the cancer risk were estimated to be 0.74 mSv and 2.29×10-3 respectively. Conclusions: The annual effective dose and cancer risk in the lifetime of a Tehran city resident due to background gamma radiation were higher than the global average. Epidemiologic studies are recommended to assess the likely prevalence of chronic diseases associated with natural radiation among the residents of Tehran.
Spin coating properties of SU-8 thick-layer photoresist

In this paper the coating properties including film thickness, thickness uniformity and variation of viscosity of SU8 photoresist were investigated by using a spin coater and rheometer. Experimental results indicate that the coating qualities of SU8 are affected by several factors including the spinning speed, the photoresist viscosity, the initial acceleration and the duration. Some recommendations are presented for increasing the quality of SU8 spin coating in thick-film processing.
The Size and Value Effect to Explain Cross-Section of Expected Stock Returns in Dhaka Stock Exchange

This paper mainly studies the size and value effect to explain cross-section of expected returns in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) in Bangladesh. Using the well-known Fama and French (1993) three-factor methodology in association with descriptive statistics we have evidenced that small size firms along with high book to market (BM) firms tend to produce higher average monthly returns than big firms along with low BM firms do. We also found that the size and value premium as well as market risk premium have very strong power to explain cross-section of expected return in DSE. The validity of three-factor model is also examined in this study and found that the three-factor model is well fitted in DSE with high R square value. One notable observation is that the market risk premium is the only factor which is significant in all portfolios and in all sample data and has dominant power over other factors.
Criteria for minimum powering and maneuverability in adverse weather conditions

The 2012 guidelines on the method of calculation of the attained Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships, MEPC.212(63), represent a major step forward in implementing energy efficiency regulations for ships, MEPC.203(62), through the introduction of specifications for calculating the Energy Efficiency Design Index for various types of ships. There are, however, concerns regarding the sufficiency of propulsion power and steering devices to maintain manoeuvrability of ships in adverse conditions, hence safety of ships, if the Energy Efficiency Design Index requirements are achieved by simply reducing the installed engine power. In the frame of a review of current Energy Efficiency Design Index provisions, the paper discusses possible criteria required to ensure ship's manoeuvrability and safety under adverse conditions and proposes a way ahead regarding the implementation of these criteria by numerical methods and model tests.
Elderly Korean Learners' Participation in English Learning Through Lifelong Education: Focusing on Motivation and Demotivation

This study explores motivational and demotivational factors in English learning among elderly learners attending a lifelong education institute located in Seoul, South Korea. A total of 420 elderly learners with limited English learning experience responded to a questionnaire with 47 five-point Likert-type items. In order to investigate what factors encourage and discourage elderly learners in their participation in English learning, we conducted factor analysis, which indicated five motivational and three demotivational constructs. The motivational factor of self-actualization proved the most influential, while pressure from the Graduation Equivalency Examination was the most demotivating. It was found that the motivational factors demonstrated positive correlations with demotivational factors, and that the ideal L2 self showed the highest correlation with demotivational factors. Furthermore, the elderly learners' motivation did not exhibit significant change related to their years of learning experience from less than one year to more than three years.
Electrocardiography misreading among sixth-year medical students and interns in Taif University

Background: The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most important procedure to examine the cardiac rhythm and conduction system abnormalities. The common problem of ECG misinterpretation can lead to inappropriate diagnoses and clinical decisions. There is a limited number of studies identifying the size of the problem in Saudi Arabia. We aimed to assess the frequency of ECG misreading, address the nature of errors, and analyze the determinants of ECG interpretation accuracy among sixth-year medical students and interns of Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.Methods: Participants were given a quiz of 10 multiple-choice questions of commonly encountered ECG interpretations. Each correct answer was given a 1-point score. The overall score for each participant was calculated out of 10 points.Results: A total of 297 participants took part in this study and achieved a median (IQR) overall score of 6.0 (4). The most frequent score was 9 (13.5%), followed by 8 (12.8%) and 4 (12.5%). Second degree AV block, type II was misread by 60.6% of the participants, 2nd-degree AV block, type I was misread by 50.2% while other abnormalities were less frequently misread. Academic year and gender showed no significant influence on ECG interpretation. On the other hand, interest in ECG reading and previous participation in ECG courses were associated with significantly better performance (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Overall performance of medical students and interns was moderate. Self-learning and providing organized educational courses on ECG can positively improve ECG interpretation and allow adequate diagnosis and management of heart diseases.
DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TURBULENT FLOW IN A STRAIGHT

This article presents the direct numerical simulation results of the turbulent flow in a straight square duct at a Reynolds number of 600, based on the duct width and the mean wall-shear velocity. The turbulence statistics along the wall bisector is examined with the turbulent flow field properties given by streamwise velocity and vorticity fields in the duct cross section. It was found that the solutions of the turbulent duct flow obtained in a spatial resolution with 1.2 10 grid points are satisfactory as compared to the existing numerical and experimental results. The results indicate that it is reasonable to neglect the sub-grid scale models in this spatial resolution level for the duct flow at the particular friction Reynolds number.
New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Advances in Pure and Applied Sciences

Measures to be taken for a healthy society involve elimination of the negative effects that affect the health of individuals. Adolescents adversely affecting the health of the community form a part of various studies on Internet addiction. The Internet, which has emerged to increase communication and to reach information more easily, has brought both psychological and physical problems, together with the rapid increase in usage. Mental concerns seem to be the main focus of these problems. Psychological problems such as lack of self-esteem, social anxiety levels and high aggressive behaviours can be seen.
MODELING A THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY PROCESS UNDER THE ACTION OF FLAME ON THE WALL OF FIRE-RETARDANT

Environmentally friendly roof made of reed has been gaining popularity worldwide; in terms flammability reed belongs to the group of flammable materials. Fire protection treatment that could reduce the effect of such a drawback makes it possible to provide reed with the capability to resist the action of flame and its propagation. The means of fire protection impregnate the roof both outside and inside. When dried, a reliable protective coating forms on a surface; it can withstand both rain and snow. Fire protection is effective for a few years and prevents the roof from igniting accidentally when in contact with high-temperature coal (leftovers), firecrackers, and other high-temperature substances. Basic requirements to protect cellulose-containing materials from fire imply providing them with the ability to resist the action of fire and not to spread flame by the surface. A change in the destruction of a material during fire protection is directed towards the formation of noncombustible gases and difficult-to-fire coke residue, as well as the inhibition of oxidation in the gas and condensed phase. Building structures have been commonly protected from fire by special coatings, which under the action of high temperature release water; however, they cannot always provide fire resistance. That is why the means have recently been widely applied that are capable to form an insulating layer at the surface of a building structure, which greatly reduces the processes of heat transfer to the material [1, 2]. The use of natural polymeric substances in impregnating mixtures may increase fire protection of a material by forming heat-resistant phases in a protective layer of the coke. That would make it possible to design a new type of flame retardant compositions for building structures, thereby making reed a difficult-to-fire material. In addition, a study into determining the effectiveness of treatment a structure revealed that fire protection ensures a longer ignition process (by 2‒3 times) [3, 4]. Given the above, protecting the products made of reed from fire results in certain difficulties when applying the impregnating flame retardants for wood and other building materials. This is due primarily to the fact that the structure and composition of reed differ from them; thus, the process of treatment is not effective and applying the coatings changes the surface. Therefore, development of protective means for reed, studying the thermal physics of fire protection, the impact of components, which are included in the composition, on a given process, remain the unresolved part of ensuring fire resistance of building structures made of reed and necessitate establishment of the mechanism of fire protection for such materials. MODELING A THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY PROCESS UNDER THE ACTION OF FLAME ON THE WALL OF FIRERETARDANT REED
Viral Suppression and Discontinuation Rates have Improved in HIVPatients with Modern Antiretroviral Therapies

Objective: Rates and determinants of first-line antiretroviral (ARV) discontinuation or change in prescribed regimen were assessed between old (pre-2006) and modern (post-2006) era stratified by dosing frequency [(once daily (QD) versus twice or more daily (BID+)]. Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted. All adult HIV patients initiating ARVs from January 1995-November 2015 were included. Patients were stratified by old- or modern-era and by dosing frequency. The primary outcome was rate of ARV therapy discontinuation or change in initial regimen. The secondary outcome was reason for discontinuation. Results: 1,127 patients were included from the old (n=621) and modern era (n=506). Modern-era patients were more likely to receive QD regimens (p<0.001) and had increased viral suppression at the last recorded testing than oldera patients (70.9% vs. 43.2%, p<0.001). Modern-era and QD patients had better adherence and treatment duration. Patients on integrase inhibitor (INSTI)- and NNRTI-based therapy had longer treatment durations and better ARV adherence. Risk factors for treatment switch or discontinuation included old-era therapy, IDU and PI+NRTI treatment. Older ages and immigrants were less likely to discontinue therapy. Common reasons for treatment discontinuation included changing treatments to improve regimen profile, gastrointestinal side effects, and neuropsychological issues. Conclusion: In patients initiating first-line ARV, risk of discontinuation or regimen changes has diminished in the modern-era with QD, INSTI- or NNRTI-based regimens. More attention to high risk patients including IDU is advised in attempts to improve outcomes. These findings provide ‘real world’ support for current clinical practice guidelines.
Chronic subdural hematoma: Wide dural window and incision of inner membrane

Surgical treatment of chronic subdural hematoma can give dramatic recovery and the patient and his relatives see the surgeon as a ‘miracle’ worker. This euphoria can suddenly give way to anguish whenever recurrence occurs. Many methods of surgical care have arisen in the bid to avoid the despair of recurrence. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the Glasgow outcome scores and recurrence in wide dural window and incision of inner membrane in chronic subdural hematoma surgeries. It was a prospective study on patients with chronic subdural hematoma managed in our centers from 2009 to 2015. Patients were resuscitated with Advance Trauma Life Support protocols in accident and emergency. Brain Computerized tomography scan was used to make diagnosis. The hematoma was evacuated using large burr hole for liquefied types and craniotomy for those with solid components. The dural/outer membrane incision was widened and the inner membrane incised. On discharge, patients were followed up for three months. Data were collected using proforma and analyzed using Environmental Performance Index info 7 software. There were 55 patients. Males were forty six. The mean age was 56.6 years. The most common etiology was road traffic accident. The favorable outcome was 94.54%. The Glasgow Coma Scores (GCS) prior to surgery affected the outcome. There was no recurrence. The use of wide dural opening and incision of the inner membrane was not associated with any recurrence and complications were few. It is recommended as a suitable treatment option for patients with chronic subdural hematoma
new probabilistic canopy dynamics model ( SLCD ) that is suitable or evergreen and deciduous forest ecosystems

There are strong uncertainties regarding LAI dynamics in forest ecosystems in response to climate change. While empirical growth & yield models (G&YMs) provide good estimations of tree growth at the stand level on a yearly to decennial scale, process-based models (PBMs) use LAI dynamics as a key variable for enabling the accurate prediction of tree growth over short time scales. Bridging the gap between PBMs and G&YMs could improve the prediction of forest growth and, therefore, carbon, water and nutrient fluxes by combining modeling approaches at the stand level. Our study aimed to estimate monthly changes of leaf area in response to climate variations from sparse measurements of foliage area and biomass. A leaf population probabilistic model (SLCD) was designed to simulate foliage renewal. The leaf population was distributed in monthly cohorts, and the total population size was limited depending on forest age and productivity. Foliage dynamics were driven by a foliation function and the probabilities ruling leaf aging or fall. Their formulation depends on the forest environment. The model was applied to three tree species growing under contrasting climates and soil types. In tropical Brazilian evergreen broadleaf eucalypt plantations, the phenology was described using 8 parameters. A multi-objective evolutionary algorithm method (MOEA) was used to fit the model parameters on litterfall and LAI data over an entire stand rotation. Field measurements from a second eucalypt stand were used to validate the model. Seasonal LAI changes were accurately rendered for both sites (R2 = 0.898 adjustment, R2 = 0.698 validation). Litterfall production was correctly simulated (R2 = 0.562, R2 = 0.4018 validation) and may be improved by using additional validation data in future work. In two French temperate deciduous forests (beech and oak), we adapted phenological sub-modules of the CASTANEA model to simulate canopy dynamics, and SLCD was validated using LAI measurements. The phenological patterns were simulated with good accuracy in the two cases studied. However, LAImax was not accurately simulated in the beech forest, and further improvement is required. Our probabilistic approach is expected to contribute to improving predictions of LAI dynamics. The al an model formalism is gener
The effect of crude alcoholic extract of Withania somnifera leaves in experimentally induced arthritis in mice

The alcoholic extract 70% of the leaves of Withania Somnifera was dried and percentage of extract 8.3 were used . Incomplete freunds adjuvant was used to induce arthritis in mice 0.1ml of this adjuvant was injected in the right tarsal joint. The mice were divided into four groups, the first group were treated with alcoholic extract 500mg/kg body weight (T1), the second group was treated with diclofenac sodium 3mg/kg body weight (T2) and third group was treated with distilled water (T3), the fourth group used as a control group (T4) non induced non treated.Vernier calipers was used for measuring the diameter of the joint. The mice in T1group showed a significant decrease in the diameter of tarsal joint of right leg as compared with mice in T2, T3 and T4 groups. The hematological results of mice in T1 group showed significant increase as compared with T4 group. While inT2 and T3 groups showed a significant decrease as compared with T4 group . The histological results showed that the joint of mice in T1 group showed no inflammatory response in the membrane of joint. The joint of mice in T2 group showed inflammatory cell infiltration while the joint of mice in T3 group showed fibrous connective tissue proliferation with mononuclear cell infiltration in the membrane of the joint .
Climate Change Deniers and Advocacy

Climate change denial (i.e., organized attempts to downplay, deny, or dismiss scientific consensus on the extent of global warming, its significance, and its connection to human behavior) has been a recurrently researched topic in the United States, but is far less studied in Europe, where it is currently gathering force. The truth is that, as in the United States, climate deniers are a tiny minority in Europe. Their numbers contrast starkly with the overwhelming majority of scientists who agree on the reality of man-made climate change and the urgent need for action. However, the voices of climate deniers in Europe are amplified by a handful of influence groups, mainly think tanks, which consistently conceal their sources of funding and final interests. This situation can be approached from a strategic communication perspective, specifically within the framework of the situational theory of publics. From this standpoint, the knowledge of different variables relating to publics in a given situation regarding a public issue (like climate change) can determine the communication strategies chosen by deniers to amplify climate change denial arguments and will introduce their main communication strategies and messages.
Iana Liadze Banking Crisis in Asia and Latin America – A Single Pattern for Emerging Market Economies ?

Most extant work on prediction of banking crises has utilised global samples, which are in turn dominated by observations from middle-income countries, and rely on a single estimator, while a range of specifications is desirable to check robustness. However, economic and financial structure as well as the pattern of shocks may differ substantially across regions. Accordingly, in this paper we test the implicit pooling assumption in earlier work on Early Warning Systems using the widest range of models, by estimating logit, signal extraction and binary recursive tree specifications separately for crises in Asia and Latin America, as well as the pooled sample. Results suggest markedly different crisis determinants across regions, implying global samples are inappropriate.