Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The XMM-Newton serendipitous ultraviolet source survey catalogue

The XMM–Newton Serendipitous Ultraviolet Source Survey (XMM-SUSS) is a catalogue of ultraviolet (UV) sources detected serendipitously by the Optical Monitor (XMM-OM) on board the XMM–Newton observatory. The catalogue contains UV-detected sources collected from 2417 XMM-OM observations in one to six broad-band UV and optical filters, made between 2000 February 24 and 2007 March 29. The primary contents of the catalogue are source positions, magnitudes and fluxes in one to six passbands, and these are accompanied by profile diagnostics and variability statistics. XMM-SUSS is populated by 753 578 UV source detections above a 3σ signal-to-noise ratio threshold limit which relate to 624 049 unique objects. Taking account of substantial overlaps between observations, the net sky area covered is 29–54 deg2, depending on UV filter. The magnitude distributions peak at mAB = 20.2, 20.9 and 21.2 in UVW2 (λeff = 2120 A), UVM2 (λeff = 2310 A) and UVW1 (λeff = 2910 A), respectively. More than 10 per cent of the sources have been visited more than once using the same filter during XMM–Newton operation, and >20 per cent of sources are observed more than once per filter during an individual visit. Consequently, the scope for science based on temporal source variability on time-scales of hours to years is broad. By comparison with other astrophysical catalogues we test the accuracy of the source measurements and define the nature of the serendipitous UV XMM-OM source sample. The distributions of source colours in the UV and optical filters are shown together with the expected loci of stars and galaxies, and indicate that sources which are detected in multiple UV bands are predominantly star-forming galaxies and stars of type G or earlier.
A multi-technology analysis of the 2017 North Korean nuclear test

Abstract. On 3 September 2017 official channels of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea announced the successful test of a thermonuclear device. Only seconds to minutes after the alleged nuclear explosion at the Punggye-ri nuclear test site in the mountainous region in the country's northeast at 03:30:02 (UTC), hundreds of seismic stations distributed all around the globe picked up strong and distinct signals associated with an explosion. Different seismological agencies reported body wave magnitudes of well above 6.0, consequently estimating the explosive yield of the device on the order of hundreds of kT TNT equivalent. The 2017 event can therefore be assessed as being multiple times larger in energy than the two preceding North Korean events in January and September 2016. This study provides a multi-technology analysis of the 2017 North Korean event and its aftermath using a wide array of geophysical methods. Seismological investigations locate the event within the test site at a depth of approximately 0.6 km below the surface. The radiation and generation of P- and S-wave energy in the source region are significantly influenced by the topography of the Mt. Mantap massif. Inversions for the full moment tensor of the main event reveal a dominant isotropic component accompanied by significant amounts of double couple and compensated linear vector dipole terms, confirming the explosive character of the event. The analysis of the source mechanism of an aftershock that occurred around 8 min after the test in the direct vicinity suggest a cavity collapse. Measurements at seismic stations of the International Monitoring System result in a body wave magnitude of 6.2, which translates to an yield estimate of around 400 kT TNT equivalent. The explosive yield is possibly overestimated, since topography and depth phases both tend to enhance the peak amplitudes of teleseismic P waves. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar analysis using data from the ALOS-2 satellite reveal strong surface deformations in the epicenter region. Additional multispectral optical data from the Pleiades satellite show clear landslide activity at the test site. The strong surface deformations generated large acoustic pressure peaks, which were observed as infrasound signals with distinctive waveforms even at distances of 401 km. In the aftermath of the 2017 event, atmospheric traces of the fission product 133Xe were detected at various locations in the wider region. While for 133Xe measurements in September 2017, the Punggye-ri test site is disfavored as a source by means of atmospheric transport modeling, detections in October 2017 at the International Monitoring System station RN58 in Russia indicate a potential delayed leakage of 133Xe at the test site from the 2017 North Korean nuclear test.
Media Optimization of Bacteriocin ST22Ch Production by Lactobacillus Sakei ST22Ch Isolated from Salpicão, a Traditional Meat-Product from Portugal

Bacteriocins are known for anti-microbial properties against various pathogens. In the present study, bacteriocin ST22Ch produced by Lactobacillus sakei isolated from salpicao, a traditional pork product from the northwest of Portugal, inhibited the growth of Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Listeria ivanovii subsp. ivanovii, Listeira monocytogenes, Pseudomonas spp. , Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus caprinus and Streptococcus spp. In particular, low levels of bacteriocin ST22Ch activity (approximately 200 AU/mL) was detected after 3 h of growth in MRS broth. Maximal production (1600 AU/mL) of bacteriocin ST22Ch was recorded after 19 h in MRS broth, stay constant only for 5 h and decrease to 800 AU/mL and only when incubated at 30 °C. During 35 h of growth, the optical density increased from 0.15 to 5.73. Highest bacteriocin ST22Ch production (3200 AU/mL) was records in presence of yeast extract as single organic nitrogen source (20.0 g/L). Presence of tryptone (20.0 g/L) or combination of tryptone and meat extract (12.5 g/L and 7.5 g/L) or yeast extract and meat extract (10.0 g/L and 10.0 g/L, respectively) yielded 1600 AU/mL bacteriocin production. Presence of glycerol at 1.0 g/L to 5.0 g/L not effect the bacteriocin ST22Ch production. Tween 80 added to the MRS medium (5.0 g/L) increase bacteriocin ST22Ch production up to 6400 AU/mL. Exclusion of manganese sulphate results in reduction of activity in the cell-free supernatant. Exclusion of magnesium sulphate from the media formula increases the bacteriocin production to 3200 AU/mL.
Impact of Firm Capital Structure Decisions on Debt Agency Problem: Evidence for Pakistan

Agency problem is highly discussed topic in financial literature, but mostly focused on one aspect of agency cost and agency problem of debt is still debatable. Present study determines mechanisms to protect the interests of debtholders in Pakistani firms. By analyzing top 100 capitalized Pakistani manufacturing firms and by applying fixed effect and random effect techniques of generalized least square regression, study aims to check the effectiveness of capital structure decisions of firm on agency cost of debt. Study also incorporates the effect of managerial ownership and ownership concentration on the debt agency cost while keeping the impact of dividend policy constant. Moreover study finds whether monitoring of banks is effective in agency cost of debt. Study suggests that managerial ownership, concentrated ownership and Increased level of debt in firm reduces the agency cost of debt.
Personal journal blogs as manifest internal conversation toward self-innovation: A semiotic phenomenological analysis

This work is a semiotic phenomenological approach of writing in personal journal blogs to define and verify their potential as continuous and sustained movement toward personal change or self-innovation. The analysis juxtaposes, by quantitative and qualitative methods, chronological self-referential text data (semiotics) with the meaning of internal conversation disclosed in discourse (phenomenology). We take a specific blog domain for posts from random bloggers that would present self-referent terms as "I feel", "I think", "I believe", "my life", etc. Then we selected those posts with dense self-descriptions and expression of disparate personal thoughts and feelings. Approximately 150 posts were analyzed, resulting in a final sample of 12 homogeneous posts from a heterogeneous group of bloggers, nine females and three males, all native English speakers. We conclude that personal blog texts help convey psychological well-being through dialogical self-clarification, facilitate the emergence of new perspectives or self-actualizing, and can lead to self-innovation.
Parenting Styles and Academic Achievement

Type of parenting style found to be influences the child's academic achievement. This study aimed to identify the type of parenting styles practiced by parents and its relationship to the academic achievement of children. They are 406 of form five students involved in this study. Researcher used "Parenting Style Scale" instrument to measure the parenting styles. The results revealed that many parents adopt authoritative parenting style and there is no significant relationship between parenting styles and their child's academic achievement.
Information Content of Earnings Opacity on Firm Value

This study use a panel data set of balance sheet and income statement of US firms within manufacturing and services industries for the period 1987-2015 to examine the impact of two dimensions of earnings opacity on firm value – earnings aggressiveness (i.e. measured by accounting accruals) and earnings smoothing (i.e. measured by the correlation between accruals and operating cash flows). Specifically, the paper investigate if earnings opacity affects equity markets and if there is a differential effect of earnings opacity on equity markets across manufacturing and services industries. Information asymmetry in contract theory and economics expound on the positive role of information in averting price disequilibrium in the capital markets and a potential capital market failures due to an imbalance in accessing information. A capital market sufficiently characterized by efficiency and informational symmetry is expected to embody distinctive qualities in facilitating accurate interpretation of market relevant information and a subsequent timely re-evaluation of prior equity valuations. The empirical results of these panel data tests, after controlling for key influencers on equity price, shows that on average, an increase in earnings opacity is linked to an increase in market value for firms within the manufacturing industry. In contrast, the results shows that on average, an increase in earnings opacity leads to a decrease in market value for firms within the services industry. Furthermore, the results suggest that firms utilize both dimensions of earnings opacity in a sustained manner as implied by the coefficients on time-trend and the interaction of time-trend and earnings opacity.
A Comparative Study of the Government and Private Sectors’ Effectiveness in ELT Program: A Case of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Oral Proficiency Examination

Learning context in which learners learn language skills, especially oral proficiency, is very crucial factor in an English Language Teaching (henceforth ELT) program. In fact, a context of language learning in which communicative principles are provided can be a great help for learners to use the language communicatively in real situations. An ideal learning context requires a friendly environment to provide enough exposure to the language input. Iranian students learn English both in government high schools (henceforth GHS) and private language institutes (henceforth PLI). Two different educational systems with their own special features are applied in two GHS and PLI contexts. Therefore, this study investigated the comparability of two systems regarding their effectiveness difference on speaking performance of the students. In addition to the direct observations and two-stage interviews, a TOEFL speaking test was taken by 220 students of two contexts in Behshahr city located at Mazandaran province. Then, the correlation of 8 internal and external moderator-factors with speaking performance was examined. The results of the independent t-test indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between the speaking performances of the learners of two contexts. Furthermore, Pearson Correlation revealed that some variables might have effect on speaking performance of language learners.
Elucidating Plant Genetic Diversity and Evolution through Bioinformatics: A Review of Selected Studies

 Abstract. This paper discusses the use of bioinformatics in its simplest form to elucidate genetic diversity and evolution in selected crop plants. Data obtained from morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization were subjected to multivariate analyses using a wide array of statistical softwares. Results revealed very low genetic variability for upland rice, Philippine papayas and Jatropha curcas provenances studied. On the other hand, the genetic divergence of two Maguindanao varieties of abaca (Manila hemp) from T’boli, South Cotabato was underscored by principal component and cluster analyses. Morphological and isozyme data also revealed similar features for papaya inbred parents 5648 and Solo raising the possibility that they have phylogenetic affinities and/or common origins. For Jatropha curcas, no correlation was observed between spatial dispersal and phenotypic divergence implying that this semi-cultivated plant had previously evolved a wide range of adaptability to diverse conditions prior to its being introduced to other countries from its center of origin in Mexico. For Mt. Hamiguitan ferns, the divergence of Sticherus hirtus Copel, Dipteris conjugata and Cyathea spp. from the rest of the 55 fern species characterized was highlighted. These findings provide invaluable information that can be used in crafting conservation strategies and crop improvement programs that will prioritize the widening of the genetic bases of cultivated crops.
Code and Conduct in French Cuisine: Impact of Code Changes on External Evaluations

We study the effects of organizational code-preserving and code-violating changes on external evaluations by third parties - an essential but under-studied strategic outcome. We define code-preserving changes as a variation in the firm's product range that preserves the social code within which the firm positions its offering. By contrast, a code-violating change corresponds to a variation in the product range that breaks with past codes and embraces another social code. Our analyses of French haute cuisine restaurants show that code-preserving changes and code-violating changes have positive effects on external evaluations. Both effects decline with prior evaluations received by the organization, but only the effect of code-violating changes is reduced with age. Moreover, external evaluations improve when restaurants undertake more code-preserving changes than their direct competitors but decline when they make more code-violating changes than competitors. These results enable us to derive implications for research on strategic change, strategic groups, and strategic social positioning
Networking as a Means to Strategy Change: The Case of Open Innovation in Mobile Telephony

The purpose of this article is to investigate how innovation networks can be used to deal with a changing technological environment. This study combines different concepts related to research and development (RD exploration networks will make use of flexible legal organizational structures, whereas exploitation alliances are associated with legal structures that enable long-term collaboration. The case of Nokia has illustrated the importance of strategic technology networks for strategic repositioning under conditions of change. Nokia followed an exploitation strategy in the development of the first two generations of mobile telephony and an exploration strategy in the development of technologies for the third generation. Such interfirm networks seem to offer flexibility, speed, innovation, and the ability to adjust smoothly to changing market conditions and new strategic opportunities. These two different strategies have led to distinctly different international innovation networks, have helped the company in becoming a world leader in the mobile phone industry, and have enabled it to sustain that position in a radically changed technological environment. This study also illustrates that Nokia effectively uses an open innovation strategy in the development of new products and services and in setting technology standards for current and future use of mobile communication applications. This article presents one of the first longitudinal studies, which describes the use of innovation networks as a means to adapt swiftly to changing market conditions and strategic change. This study contributes to the emerging, but still inconsistent, literature on explorative and exploitative learning by means of strategic technology networks.
Interacción dinámica ofensiva en balonmano de alto rendimiento

El objetivo de esta investigacion fue analizar las variables que influyen en las fases ofensivas del balonmano de alto rendimiento desde una perspectiva ecologica evaluando los diferentes sistemas tacticos ofensivos en ataque posicional y en contraataque, teniendo en cuenta: el marcador, el tipo de defensa, la simetria numerica, la zona de finalizacion y el tipo de finalizacion. Utilizando la metodologia observacional y un sistema de observacion ad hoc (SOCTO) introducido en el software Lince, se registraron un total de 19 partidos de las fases finales masculinas del Campeonato del Mundo 2011, Campeonato de Europa 2012 y Juegos Olimpicos 2012. El analisis descriptivo y de contingencia se complemento con la deteccion de patrones temporales ­(T-patterns). Los resultados reafirman la autoorganizacion no lineal de la dinamica de juego ofensivo en el balonmano masculino de alto rendimiento, a partir de la utilizacion de medios tacticos basicos contra sistemas defensivos abiertos y de medios tacticos complejos contra sistemas defensivos cerrados. Estos medios tacticos complejos ofensivos son los mas utilizados en igualdad numerica en la primera secuencia de ataque posicional desde la zona intermedia entre 6 y 9 metros y finalizando en golpe franco a favor del equipo atacante.
The Role of Owner in Capital Structure Decisions: An Analysis of Single-Owner Corporations

This study examines the extent to which individual demographic characteristics of owners influence capital structure decisions. Using the Federal Reserve’s 2003 Survey of Small Business Finances, we estimate the joint effects of traditional capital structure determinants and manager age, gender, education, business experience, sophistication, and wealth on the capital structure of single-owner corporations. By calculating the marginal contribution of personal risk tolerance, we demonstrate that owner preference contributes meaningfully to the explained variation in capital structure decisions.
The (2, 0) superconformal bootstrap

In this long overdue second installment, we continue to develop the conformal bootstrap program for N = 4 superconformal field theories (SCFTs) in four dimensions via an analysis of the correlation function of four stress-tensor supermultiplets. We review analytic results for this correlator and make contact with the SCFT/chiral algebra correspondence of Beem et al. [Commun. Math. Phys. 336, 1359 (2015)]. We demonstrate that the constraints of unitarity and crossing symmetry require the central charge c to be greater than or equal to 3 / 4 in any interacting N = 4 SCFT. We apply numerical bootstrap methods to derive upper bounds on scaling dimensions and operator product expansion coefficients for several low-lying, unprotected operators as a function of the central charge. We interpret our bounds in the context of N = 4 super Yang-Mills theories, formulating a series of conjectures regarding the embedding of the conformal manifold—parametrized by the complexified gauge coupling—into the space of scaling dimensions and operator product expansion coefficients. Our conjectures assign a distinguished role to points on the conformal manifold that are self-dual under a subgroup of the S -duality group. This paper contains a more detailed exposition of a number of results previously reported in Beem et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 071601 (2013)] in addition to new results.
MOLECULAR VARIABILITY OF APPLE CHLOROTIC LEAF SPOT VIRUS IN DIFFERENT HOSTS AND GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS

SUMMARY A fragment of 500 nt corresponding to 85% of the coat protein (CP) gene of 35 isolates of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) from different hosts and geographical areas were sequenced and the results were compared with those already available. Sequence alignments at the amino acid level showed that most of the variability was present in the N-terminal part of the CP cistron (overlapping with the movement protein) whereas the C-terminus was significantly less divergent. Four isolates (APR-EA5, PE 150, PE 154 and PE 297) differed in showing high variability throughout the CP gene. Phylogenetic analysis at the nucleotide and amino acid level clustered the isolates in two groups: A, containing the great majority of the isolates, and B, containing the above four diverging isolates. A few subclusters could be identified in group A: pome fruit isolates clustered together in two different groups, one being close to the two almond isolates and one subcluster containing all the Spanish isolates. One subgroup was composed of three similar sequences each obtained from different hosts (peach, apricot, plum) originating from three different countries, respectively (Italy, Lebanon and Jordan). In Western blot analysis, three different migration rates were found for the CPs of ten representative isolates. No correlation was observed between the electrophoretic mobility of CPs and the phylogenetic groups, indicating that other factors besides the primary structure must account for the different electrophoretic mobilities observed.
CER-ETH – Center of Economic Research at ETH Zurich

We provide an empirical analysis on the relation between culture and revealed environmental economic preferences. Switzerland’s citizens share all major institutions but belong to multiple population groups which differ by culture and language across distinct geographical locations. This unique setting allows us to disentangle the effect of culture on individual consumer preferences from institutional characteristics. We use a spatial fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD) at the internal French/German language border on municipality level data to estimate the effect of culture on preferences for energy efficient vehicle design. Our results indicate that French speaking municipalities have a 5.5 percentage points higher share of energy efficient vehicles compared to their German counterparts. In addition, we find that popular votes on environmental issues receive a substantially higher share of approval in French speaking regions. This indicates that they place a higher value on the environment, which may be due to a higher sense of collectivism and altruism.
Quantum Boltzmann equation for spin-dependent reactions in the kinetic regime

We derive and analyze an effective quantum Boltzmann equation in the kinetic regime for the interactions of four distinguishable types of fermionic spin- 1 2 ? > particles, starting from a general quantum field Hamiltonian. Each particle type is described by a time-dependent, 2 × 2 spin-density (‘Wigner’) matrix. We show that density and energy conservation laws as well as the H-theorem hold, and enumerate additional conservation laws depending on the interaction. The conserved quantities characterize the t → ∞ ? > thermal (Fermi–Dirac) equilibrium state. We illustrate the approach to equilibrium by numerical simulations in the isotropic three-dimensional setting.