Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decidualized In Vitro Androgens Modulate the Morphological Characteristics of Human Endometrial Stromal Cells

The activated androgen receptor (AR) in decidualizing human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) regulates genes involved in cytoskeletal organization, cell motility, and cell cycle progression. Androgens also enhance the secretion of prolactin, a widely used marker of decidualized HESCs. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the direct effects of androgens on the ultrastructural changes associated with decidual transformation of HESCs. Primary HESC cultures were established and propagated, and confluent cultures were decidualized for 6 days with 8-bromoadenosine 3’,5’-cyclic monophosphate (8-br-cAMP) and progesterone (P4) in the presence or absence of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Phase-contrast image analysis demonstrated that DHT increases the shape index of decidualizing cells, which was reversed upon cotreatment with the AR antagonist flutamide. Electron microscopy demonstrated that DHT enhances many of the ultrastructural changes induced by 8-br-cAMP and P4 in HESCs. Decidualizing cells are characterized by an abundant cytoplasm, multiple cell surface projections and, unlike undifferentiated HESCs, form 2 or more cell layers. The DHT further stimulated cytoplasmic expansion, lipid droplet formation, the production of an abundant extracellular matrix, and gap junction formation in decidualized HESCs. The present study demonstrates that androgen signaling has an impact on the morphological and ultrastructural changes associated with the decidual process. Our findings show that androgens promote the development and expansion of cytoplasmic organelles and gap junctions in decidualizing HESCs. These results suggest that androgens in early pregnancy play an important role in promoting the cellular transformation associated with decidualization.
Selected Coordination Factors which Differentiate Olympic Taekwondo Athletes with a Medal and Athletes without a Medal Depending on the Sport Level

The aim of the research was to identify the factors which differentiate Olympic Taekwondo athletes in the junior and senior categories who win or do not win medals in the competitions in Poland. 127 Taekwondo athtletes took part in the research. They were divided into two research groups: the athletes who win medals and those who do not win medals in Olympic Taekwondo competitions in Poland. The results of the analysis showed that only one indicator of complex reaction time differentiated the athletes in the junior category who win and those who do not win medals in the competitions in Poland significantly. As for the senior category, any indicators of reaction time which significantly differentiate the athletes with and those without medals have not been noted.
Teachers' Abilities to Judge the Difficulty of Reading Materials

One issue confronting any teacher of reading is the critical problem of the “match. ” Placing students into an appropriate difficulty level of reading material seems to be an important antecedent of effective reading instruction. Chall and Feldman (1966) explain that teachers’ abilities to select appropriate reading materials for children vary and that the accuracy of these selections has a definite effect on achievement. TEACHERS' ABILITIES TO JUDGE THE DIFFICUl TV OF READING MATERIALS
Particle Carriage and HIV Clearance Antiretroviral Therapy Facilitates Drug Endosomal Trafficking of Nanoformulated

Limitations of antiretroviral therapy (ART) include poor patient adherence, drug toxicities, viral resistance, and failure to penetrate viral reservoirs. Recent developments in nanoformulated ART (nanoART) could overcome such limitations. To this end, we now report a novel effect of nanoART that facilitates drug depots within intracellular compartments at or adjacent to the sites of the viral replication cycle. Poloxamer 407-coated nanocrystals containing the protease inhibitor atazanavir (ATV) were prepared by high-pressure homogenization. These drug particles readily accumulated in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). NanoATV concentrations were 1,000 times higher in cells than those that could be achieved by the native drug. ATV particles in late and recycling endosome compartments were seen following pulldown by immunoaffinity chromatography with Rab-specific antibodies conjugated to magnetic beads. Confocal microscopy provided cross validation by immunofluorescent staining of the compartments. Mathematical modeling validated drug-endosomal interactions. Measures of reverse transcriptase activity and HIV-1 p24 levels in culture media and cells showed that such endosomal drug concentrations enhanced antiviral responses up to 1,000-fold. We conclude that late and recycling endosomes can serve as depots for nanoATV. The colocalization of nanoATV at endosomal sites of viral assembly and its slow release sped antiretroviral activities. Long-acting nanoART can serve as a drug carrier in both cells and subcellular compartments and, as such, can facilitate viral clearance.
Adaptive Evolution Sites Virus 2 by Arginine Mutagenesis at Alpha-Defensin 5 against Herpes Simplex Enhancement of Antiviral Activity of Human

Published Ahead of Print 26 December 2012. 2013, 87(5):2835. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.02209-12. J. Virol. Xinze Ran, Yongping Su, Tianmin Cheng and Junping Wang Yang Xu, Jian Hu, Song Wang, Fang Geng, Cheng Wang, Aiping Wang, Fang Chen, Yingjie Wang, Mingqiang Shen, Adaptive Evolution Sites Virus 2 by Arginine Mutagenesis at Alpha-Defensin 5 against Herpes Simplex Enhancement of Antiviral Activity of Human
Microbial community changes induced by Managed Aquifer Recharge activities: linking hydrogeological and biological processes

Abstract. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is a technique used worldwide to increase the availability of water resources. We study how MAR modifies microbial ecosystems and its implications for enhancing biodegradation processes to eventually improve groundwater quality. We compare soil and groundwater samples taken from a MAR facility located in NE Spain during recharge (with the facility operating continuously for several months) and after 4 months of no recharge. The study demonstrates a strong correlation between soil and water microbial prints with respect to sampling location along the mapped infiltration path. In particular, managed recharge practices disrupt groundwater ecosystems by modifying diversity indices and the composition of microbial communities, indicating that infiltration favors the growth of certain populations. Analysis of the genetic profiles showed the presence of nine different bacterial phyla in the facility, revealing high biological diversity at the highest taxonomic range. In fact, the microbial population patterns under recharge conditions agree with the intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH). Moreover, DNA sequence analysis of excised denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) band patterns revealed the existence of indicator species linked to MAR, most notably Dehalogenimonas sp. , Nitrospira sp. and Vogesella sp. Our real facility multidisciplinary study (hydrological, geochemical and microbial), involving soil and groundwater samples, indicates that MAR is a naturally based, passive and efficient technique with broad implications for the biodegradation of pollutants dissolved in water.
CHARLES F. STEVENS AND ANTHONY ZADOR

Sometimes forward progress looks like backwards progress recent work on the question of how the brain encodes information provides a good example of this. For many years, ever since the experiments of Lord Adrian two-thirds of a century ago, neurobiologists agreed that neurons communicate by means of a frequency (or rate) code, in which nerve impulse frequency is used to specify the variable in question for example, light intensity. But recently a number of neurobiologists have, based on new observations, proposed that the frequency code is insufficient, and that other properties of spike (action-potential) trains are used to encode information. We used to think we understood the neural codes, but now we are not so sure.
Stock market integration and diversification possibilities during financial crises: Evidence from Balkan countries

This paper investigates the short- and long-term linkage among the Macedonian, Croatian, Slovenian, Serbian, and Bulgarian equity markets during the period of 4 October 2005 to 31 December 2015. In order to assess the impact of the recent financial crises on the interconnection among the examined Balkan stock markets, the studied period is segmented into pre-, during, and post-crisis period. Johansen cointegration test finds no evidence of cointegration during the pre- and post-crisis periods. However, during the latest financial crises, the empirical findings support the existence of three cointegration vectors. This means that the recent global financial crisis and the subsequent euro crisis strengthened the connection between the investigated stock markets, thus decreasing the diversification possibilities that can be acquired in these markets. Furthermore, innovation accounting analysis reveals that during periods of financial turmoil, the Macedonian stock market is positively and actively influenced by the Croatian and Serbian markets. A significant implication of these results is that the integration between Balkan stock markets tends to alter over time, particularly during stages of financial disturbances.
Conceptualization of the Scholarship of Engagement in Higher Education: A Strategic Review, 1996-2006

During the past decade, the generalized concept of the scholarship of engagement has evolved. Once a broad call for higher education to be more responsive to communities, it is now a multifaceted field of responses. This article describes the evolution of the term; then, to clarify the “definitional anarchy” that has arisen around its use, it explores the past decade’s punctuations in the evolutionary progress of the concept. Finally, it calls for moving beyond descriptive, narrative works to more critical, empirical research as well as policy analysis and introduces the possibility that the next punctuation will be the development of engaged scholarship’s own theory.
Indian Population : A Prospective Study Clinical Characteristics , Risk Factors , and Subtypes in a North − − Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke

Background and Purpose: Posterior circulation stroke accounts for approximately 20% of all strokes with varied clinical presentation, which differ from strokes in anterior circulation, with reference to etiology, clinical features, and prognosis. Short penetrating and circumferential branches in the posterior circulation supply the brain stem, thalamus, cerebellum, occipital, and medial temporal lobes. Materials and Methods: We prospectively analyzed 80 participants of posterior circulation ischemic stroke from a registry of 944 participants attending a tertiary care referral university hospital. Patients were analyzed for demographics, stroke risk factors, clinical characteristics, neuroimaging, and stroke subtypes. Results: Posterior circulation ischemic stroke accounted for 80 (8.5%) of 944 of all strokes and 80 (10.45%) of 765 of ischemic stroke. Sixty-three were males with mean age 51.7 + 14.4 years. Twenty-one participants were young (defined as age less than 45 years). Hypertension was found to be the most common risk factor (63.75%). Vertigo was the most common clinical symptom reported in 45 (56.25%) cases. Sixty-eight (85%) patients had large artery disease, 8 (10%) had documented cardioembolic source, 3 (3.75%) small artery disease, and 2 (2.5%) vasculitis. Posterior cerebral artery was most commonly involved. Topographically distal intracranial involvement was most frequent (66.25%) followed by proximal (30%) and middle intracranial territory (3.75%). Conclusions: Our study demonatrated the occurrence of posterior circulation stroke in relatively younger age group compared to the Western world. We also found higher percentage of large artery disease, while cardioembolism as a less frequent cause of posterior circulation ischemic stroke in North Indian population. Distal territory involvement was most common in our study.
Antibody Immune Responses Regimen Elicits T Cell and Neutralizing C Virus Envelope Protein Prime-Boost Combined Adenovirus Vector and Hepatitis

Despite the recent progress in the development of new antiviral agents, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a major global health problem, and there is a need for a preventive vaccine. We previously reported that adenoviral vectors expressing HCV nonstructural proteins elicit protective T cell responses in chimpanzees and were immunogenic in healthy volunteers. Furthermore, recombinant HCV E1E2 protein formulated with adjuvant MF59 induced protective antibody responses in chimpanzees and was immunogenic in humans. To develop an HCV vaccine capable of inducing both T cell and antibody responses, we constructed adenoviral vectors expressing full-length and truncated E1E2 envelope glycoproteins from HCV genotype 1b. Heterologous prime-boost immunization regimens with adenovirus and recombinant E1E2 glycoprotein (genotype 1a) plus MF59 were evaluated in mice and guinea pigs. Adenovirus prime and protein boost induced broad HCV-specific CD8 and CD4 T cell responses and functional Th1-type IgG responses. Immune sera neutralized luciferase reporter pseudoparticles expressing HCV envelope glycoproteins (HCVpp) and a diverse panel of recombinant cell culture-derived HCV (HCVcc) strains and limited cellto-cell HCV transmission. This study demonstrated that combining adenovirus vector with protein antigen can induce strong antibody and T cell responses that surpass immune responses achieved by either vaccine alone.
the Y-Chromosome Long Arm Deletion and its Potential Influence on Fertilization Efficiency Oocyte Complexes of Female Mice Sired by Males With − Increased Progesterone Production in Cumulus

It was revealed previously that B10.BR(Y) females sired by males with the Y-chromosome long arm deletion differ from genetically identical B10.BR females sired by males with the intact Y chromosome. This is interpreted as a result of different epigenetic information which females of both groups inherit from their fathers. In the following study, we show that cumulus–oocyte complexes ovulated by B10.BR(Y) females synthesize increased amounts of progesterone, which is important sperm stimulator. Because their extracellular matrix is excessively firm, the increased progesterone secretion belongs presumably to factors that compensate this feature enabling unchanged fertilization ratios. Described compensatory mechanism can act only on sperm of high quality, presenting proper receptors. Indeed, low proportion of sperm of Y males that poorly fertilize B10.BR(Y) oocytes demonstrates positive staining of membrane progesterone receptors. This proportion is significantly higher for sperm of control males that fertilize B10.BR(Y) and B10.BR oocytes with the same efficiency.
Improving nurses’ knowledge and skills regarding tocolytics for inhibiting preterm labor

Background: Approximately 10% of all pregnant women who experience an episode of threatened preterm labor requiring hospital admission and Tocolytic therapy may be considered for them. Nursing care is the main critical component of this therapy. Nurses’ Knowledge deficit and poor practical skills regarding tocolytics and its administration, care, surely, will interfere with their ability to achieve consistent and positive patient care outcomes. Aim: The aim is to assess the impact of an instructional program on knowledge and practices of maternity nurses regarding pregnant women with tocolytics administration for inhibiting preterm labor. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used with all nurses (n = 30) working in the inpatient of obstetrics and gynecology department in all general hospitals in Port Said city. Tools: Three tools were used; structured interview questionnaire, pre/post-test knowledge assessment sheet and an observation checklist. Results: The mean age of the participant nurses is 30.6 ± 10.3. The majority (86.6%) of them had nursing secondary school. All nurses archived better scoring in both knowledge and skills after implementing the program than before it. A significant difference between pre and post-test was observed ( p < .01). Conclusions: There is a progression of satisfactory score and regression of unsatisfactory one. The knowledge and practical scoring in the post-test are better than pre-test. This is mirrored the effect of the program. Recommendations: Continuing educational programs should be developed to teach and train nurses about the care of preterm, a complete assessment of maternal history, accurate examination of preterm labor and knowledge of tocolytics drugs.
Catherine Doody and Catherine Blake systematic review Lifestyle interventions for secondary disease prevention in stroke and transient ischaemic attack : a

http://cpr.sagepub. com/content/early/2013/03/07/2047487313481756 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/2047487313481756 published online 11 March 2013 European Journal of Preventive Cardiology Olive Lennon, Rose Galvin, Kathryn Smith, Catherine Doody and Catherine Blake systematic review Lifestyle interventions for secondary disease prevention in stroke and transient ischaemic attack: a
PIV Study on the Interaction of Triple Transitional Round Fountains in a Homogeneous Fluid

This paper investigates experimentally the transient behavior of the interaction of triple transitional fountains injected from three round sources into a homogeneous fluid using the PIV technique over the Reynolds and Froude numbers in the ranges 100<=Re<=1000 and 1<=Fr<=10. The results show that the behavior of the interaction can be categorized into several distinct regimes: (a) Flapping steady regime, where the flow in the interaction region sways horizontally initially but soon becomes stable with no fluctuation in the interaction height and negligible horizontal sway; (b) Bobbing-flapping steady regime, where the interaction region bobs initially with a repeated up-and-down height and three-dimensional horizontal swaying behaviour, but at full development, the interaction becomes steady; (c) Flapping unsteady and bobbing-flapping unsteady regimes, where the behaviours of steady and unsteady interactions are quite similar with the exception that, in the unsteady regime, the interaction remains unsteady even at full development, with fluctuating maximum interaction height and continual swaying; and (d) Transitional/turbulent unsteady regime, where the interaction demonstrates strong unsteadiness and oscillating behavior starting from the beginning. All these observed characteristics are also mapped into a Re-Fr diagram.
competitive season Dynamic changes in left ventricular mass and in fat-free mass in top-level athletes during the

Background: Previous cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that fat-free mass (FFM) is an important determinant of left ventricular mass (LVM) in athletes. However, cross-sectional investigations have not the ability to detect the dynamic adaptation occurring with training. We hypothesized that LVM adapts concurrently with the increase of FFM induced by exercise conditioning. We sought to study the relationship between the variations of LVM and of FFM occurring in top-level soccer players during the season. Methods: Twenty-three male top-level athletes were recruited. LVM was assessed by echocardiography and FFM by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serial measurements were performed pre-season, after 1 month, at midand endseason, and after 2 months of detraining. Results: LVM significantly increased at mid-season versus pre-season values, reaching the highest value at the end of the season (p< 0.05). While body weight did not vary during the study period, FFM significantly increased (p< 0.05 for mid-/ end-season vs. pre-season data). After the detraining, no significant differences were observed between pre-season and detraining echocardiographic data. The only independent predictors of LVM were left ventricular stroke volume and FFM (R1⁄4 0.36, p1⁄4 0.005; R1⁄4 0.35, p1⁄4 0.005, respectively). When LVM index was set as dependent variable, the only independent predictor was FFM (R1⁄4 0.87, p1⁄4 0.002). Conclusions: Changes in LVM occur in close association with changes in FFM, suggesting that the left ventricle adapts concurrently with the increase of the metabolically active tissue induced by training, i.e. the FFM. Therefore, the dynamic changes in FFM and LVM may reflect a physiological adaptation induced by intensive training.
Higher education and economic development in Africa: The case of Cameroon

This study investigates the actual and potential impact of higher education on the development of Cameroon. Using household survey data from the first Cameroon household survey, we analyze the effect of education attainment on earnings and private returns to education. The econometric work uses Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) to estimate earning equations for full time workers across educational levels. The results confirm a relatively high premium on higher education. In effect, an additional year of schooling is expected to increase earnings implying that individual investment in education is profitable. However, the private returns to post secondary education are greater for men than for women. Next, we use the short-cut method to estimate social returns to investments in higher education. The results equally show that social returns to higher education are quite substantial but are also higher for women than for men. Finally, we determine the link between higher education measured with enrollment and gross domestic product as a proxy for national income. The findings reveal positive and significant relationship between higher education and economic growth. The study concludes that higher education plays an important role in the development process of Cameroon and that this role can be enhanced provided measures are taken to improve the efficiency of the higher education system, improve equity in attainment and ensure greater professionalism of academic programs. The study also underscores the need to reduce inequity in the distribution of benefits from higher education in Cameroon.
Treatment of pediatric parapneumonic empyemas with pulmonary cavitary lesions Pulmoner kaviter lezyonlar ile birlikte seyreden pediatrik parapnömonik ampiyemlerin tedavisi

1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medicine Faculty of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey 2Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medicine Faculty of Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey 3Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medicine Faculty of Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey 4Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medicine Faculty of Çukurova University, Çanakkale, Turkey 5Department of Thoracic Surgery, Bandırma State Hospital, Balıkesir, Turkey