Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Everolimus in pediatric de nova renal transplant patients1

Background. The steady-state pharmacokinetics of everolimus were longitudinally assessed in pediatric de novo kidney allograft recipients during a 6-month period. Methods. Nineteen patients received everolimus 0.8 mg/m2 (maximum 1.5 mg) twice daily as a dispersible tablet in water in addition to cyclosporine and corticosteroids. Everolimus and cyclosporine trough concentrations were obtained on days 3, 5, 6, and 7 and at months 1, 2, 3, and 6; an everolimus pharmacokinetic profile was obtained on day 7 and month 3. Results. There were 9 boys and 10 girls with a median age of 9.9 (range, 1–16) years. Steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows (median, range): Cmin (trough level), 4.7 (2.3- 9.5) ng/mL; peak concentration, 13.5 (5.9–22.2) ng/mL; area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), 77 (53–147) ng·hr/mL; and apparent oral clearance, 10.2 (5.5–15.6) L/hr/m2. Clearance (unadjusted for demographic factors) was positively correlated with age (r =0.66), body surface area (r =0.68), and weight (r =0.67). There were no trends in Cmin or AUC versus patient age when everolimus was dosed on a mg/m2 basis. Everolimus Cmin were stable over time with median values of 3.9, 3.4, and 3.1 ng/mL at months 1, 3, and 6, respectively. Intra- and interpatient variability in AUC was 29% and 35%, similar to that in adults. During the observation period, eight patients maintained stable AUCs and nine patients had increases or decreases, generally between 30% and 50% compared with the AUC at week 1. The concurrent median cyclosporine Cmin were generally at the lower end of conventional target ranges: 156, 83, and 69 ng/mL at months 1, 3, and 6, respectively. There were no graft losses and only three mild or moderate, reversible rejection episodes occurred. Everolimus was generally safe and well tolerated. Conclusions. These data support the use of body surface area-adjusted dosing for everolimus in pediatric patients. Although exposure is generally stable over time with moderate variability in AUC, therapeutic monitoring would be a helpful adjunct for individualizing everolimus exposure, assessing regimen adherence, and adjusting doses as the child matures.
Impact d'un rejet d'eaux usées sur l'herbier à Posidonia oceanica, avant et après la mise en service d'une station d'épuration

La mise en service de la station d'epuration de la ville de marseille (bouches du rhone france), en 1987, nous a offert l'opportunite de suivre directement l'evolution des herbiers a posidonia oceanica en reponse a une modification des caracteristiques physico-chimiques du milieu. L'etude du site montre (i) une regression de faible amplitude du debut du siecle aux annees 1975, (ii) une regression massive (44%) de 1975 a 1987, suite au detournement de l'huveaune et a l'augmentation des rejets et, (iii) depuis 1988, une stabilisation avec localement des recolonisations. La comparaison des resultats acquis dans ce secteur, avec les donnees issues d'un site peu anthropise (baie de calvi corse) permet d'individualiser les phenomenes locaux, dus au fonctionnement de la station d'epuration, des fluctuations internes propres a la plante ou de phenomenes generaux interessant de larges secteurs geographiques. Du fait des possibilites de datation offertes par la lepidochronologie, l'accumulation et la memorisation par posidonia oceanica, de differents metaux-traces est recherchee en fonction du niveau d'anthropisation des sites. Les valeurs relevees a calvi apparaissent representatives du bruit de fond en milieu littoral mediterraneen. Si posidonia oceanica presente la capacite d'accumuler, au cours de sa vie, les metaux-traces presents dans le milieu, ces phenomenes d'accumulation varient significativement en fonction du metal, du tissu etudie, de la periode ou du site de recolte. A l'inverse, la memorisation, si elle differe d'un metal a l'autre et en fonction du site etudie, apparait stable au cours du temps. La mise en evidence de correlations entre les teneurs presentes dans l'eau et celles memorisees dans les ecailles et les rhizomes, a cortiou, semble des plus encourageantes. Toutefois des investigations plus approfondies devront etre realisees. Posidonia oceanica joue peut-etre un role non negligeable au niveau du stockage du mercure et des metaux-traces en general. En effet, elle mobilise chaque annee, 500 kg de mercure pour l'ensemble du bassin mediterraneen, mais, plus de la moitie reste piegee au sein de la matte pour plusieurs annees. Les quantites ainsi accumulees correspondent a la mise en reserve de plusieurs tonnes de mercure a l'echelle de la mediterranee
Identification of cytochrome P4503A as the major subfamily responsible for the metabolism of roquinimex in man

1. Roquinimex, a novel immunomodulator, is metabolized in liver microsomes from mouse and rat via cytochrome P450s to four hydroxylated and two demethylated metabolites (R1−6). The study investigated which cytochrome P450 enzyme(s) is responsible for the metabolism of roquinimex in man. 2. Enzyme kinetic analysis demonstrated an apparent Km = 1.28-7.00 mm and Vmax = 50-159 pmol·mg−1 microsomal protein·min−1 for the primary metabolites in human liver microsomes. The sum of Clint for the primary pathways was 0.167 μl·mg−1 microsomal protein·min−1. 3. A correlation between the formation rate of R1-6 and 6β-hydroxylation of testosterone was obtained within a panel of liver microsomes from 11 individuals (r2 = 0.72-0.97). Furthermore, significant inhibition (<90%) of roquinimex primary metabolism was demonstrated by ketoconazole and troleandomycin, specific inhibitors of CYP3A4 as well as with anti-CYP3A4 antibodies. Moreover, a similar metabolite pattern was produced from roquinimex by incubation with cDNA-expressed CYP3A4 as by human liver microsomes. 4. In conclusion, these data indicate a major role for CYP3A4 in the formation of roquinimex primary metabolites in human liver microsomes.
Codon usage is an important determinant of gene expression levels largely through its effects on transcription

Significance Codon usage bias is an essential feature of all genomes. The effects of codon usage biases on gene expression were previously thought to be mainly due to its impacts on translation. Here, we show that codon usage bias strongly correlates with protein and mRNA levels genome-wide in the filamentous fungus Neurospora, and codon usage is an important determinant of gene expression. Surprisingly, we found that the impacts of codon usage on gene expression are mainly due to effects on transcription and are largely independent of translation. Together, these results uncovered an unexpected role of codon biases in determining transcription levels by affecting chromatin structures and suggest that codon biases are results of genome adaptation to both transcription and translation machineries. Codon usage biases are found in all eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes, and preferred codons are more frequently used in highly expressed genes. The effects of codon usage on gene expression were previously thought to be mainly mediated by its impacts on translation. Here, we show that codon usage strongly correlates with both protein and mRNA levels genome-wide in the filamentous fungus Neurospora. Gene codon optimization also results in strong up-regulation of protein and RNA levels, suggesting that codon usage is an important determinant of gene expression. Surprisingly, we found that the impact of codon usage on gene expression results mainly from effects on transcription and is largely independent of mRNA translation and mRNA stability. Furthermore, we show that histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation is one of the mechanisms responsible for the codon usage-mediated transcriptional silencing of some genes with nonoptimal codons. Together, these results uncovered an unexpected important role of codon usage in ORF sequences in determining transcription levels and suggest that codon biases are an adaptation of protein coding sequences to both transcription and translation machineries. Therefore, synonymous codons not only specify protein sequences and translation dynamics, but also help determine gene expression levels.
Remote Ischemic Conditioning for Preventing Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Interventions/Coronary Angiography

Background: It is uncertain whether remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has a protective effect on contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)/coronary artery angiography (CAG). We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effect of RIC on CI-AKI in such patients. Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for RCTs that assessed the effect of RIC on CI-AKI in patients undergoing PCI/CAG. Results: Ten RCTs with 1389 patients (RIC group, 757 and control, 632) were included. The RIC group significantly exerted a lower risk of CI-AKI compared to the controls (odds ratio [OR] = 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.34-0.77, P = .001), and they had the similar effect on major adverse cardiovascular events within 1 year (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.20-0.66, P < .001). The RIC reduced the rates of death within 30 days, but this was not significant (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.02-1.34, P = .091). The RIC was associated with a significantly lower incidence of CI-AKI in patients following elective PCI/CAG (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.33-0.87, P = .011). The RIC before not after the intervention was effective in reducing the occurrence of CI-AKI (OR: 0.37 vs 1.05, P = .022). The RIC of the upper arm has statistically significant effect on protecting CI-AKI but not that of the lower limb (OR: 0.41 vs 1.41, P = .004). The effect of RIC on CI-AKI was similar between patients with a mean estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and those with mean rates ≥60 (OR: 0.23 vs 0.41, P = .333). Conclusion: The RIC reduced the incidence of CI-AKI in those receiving PCI/CAG. And RIC of the upper arm significantly reduced the risk of CI-AKI but not RIC of the lower limb in patients undergoing PCI/CAG.
Bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: results of an Italian national survey on 56 591 cholecystectomies.

HYPOTHESIS Bile duct injury (BDI) remains the most serious complication of cholecystectomy. With laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), the incidence has become more frequent. This study verifies the current incidence, mechanism, presentation, and treatment of BDI occurring during LC in general surgical practice. DESIGN Anonymous retrospective multicenter survey. SETTING Department of surgery at a university referral center, collecting data from general surgical units. PATIENTS Data from 56 591 patients who underwent LC between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2000, in 184 hospitals in Italy were analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Current incidence, mechanism, presentation, and treatment of BDI occurring during LC in general surgical practice. RESULTS Two hundred thirty-five BDIs were reported, with an overall incidence of 0.42%. There were no risk factors in 80.0% of the patients. Poor identification of the anatomical features of the hepatic pedicle was the most frequently reported cause (36.8%), and technical problems accounted for 27.0% of causes. The incidence of BDI was higher during cholecystitis (P<.001) and decreased with increasing number of LCs performed by the surgical teams (P<.01). There was no difference in incidence according to technique (French or US) or to routine or selective intraoperative cholangiography. One hundred eight BDIs (46.0%) were recognized intraoperatively and immediately repaired in 89.8% of patients. One hundred twenty-seven BDIs (54.0%) were diagnosed postoperatively, the dominant manifestation being biliary fistula (44.1%). CONCLUSIONS This study confirms a higher incidence of BDI during LC. It highlights the relevance of the number of previously performed LCs and of the correct surgical technique to avoid BDI. The need for correct procedures, adequate expertise of the repairing surgeon in BDI repairs, and a multidisciplinary approach in the management of BDI is emphasized.
Finding Recurrent Features of Image Schema Gestures: the FIGURE corpus

The Frankfurt Image GestURE corpus (FIGURE) is introduced. The corpus data is collected in an experimental setting where 50 naive participants spontaneously produced gestures in response to five to six terms from a total of 27 stimulus terms. The stimulus terms have been compiled mainly from image schemata from psycholinguistics, since such schemata provide a panoply of abstract contents derived from natural language use. The gestures have been annotated for kinetic features. FIGURE aims at finding (sets of) stable kinetic feature configurations associated with the stimulus terms. Given such configurations, they can be used for designing HCI gestures that go beyond pre-defined gesture vocabularies or touchpad gestures. It is found, for instance, that movement trajectories are far more informative than handshapes, speaking against purely handshape-based HCI vocabularies. Furthermore, the mean temporal duration of hand and arm movements associated vary with the stimulus terms, indicating a dynamic dimension not covered by vocabulary-based approaches. Descriptive results are presented and related to findings from gesture studies and natural language dialogue.
Basal Plate Myometrial Fibers and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Case–Control Study

Introduction Basal plate myometrium (BPMYO), the pathological presence of myometrial fibers in the basal plate, is a common finding on pathological examination of the placenta, yet its clinical correlates are not well studied. As myometrial fibers are frequently located in proximity to poorly converted maternal spiral arteries, our objective was to determine whether BPMYO is associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), a well-known clinical sequela of abnormal maternal artery remodeling. Methods This case–control study included women who delivered a live-born singleton gestation whose placentas were sent for pathological examination. Cases were women with HDP (gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, or HELLP syndrome) as defined by American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Controls were women without HDP. Women with chronic hypertension were excluded. The primary outcome was the presence of BPMYO. Secondary outcomes included the pathologic stage of BPMYO and the incidence of pathologically defined accreta. Each outcome was compared between cases and controls in bivariable and multivariable analyses. Results Of the 306 women who met inclusion criteria, 230 (75%) had HDP. BPMYO was present in 99 (32%) of placentas. Compared to controls, cases were younger, had higher body mass index, and were more likely to have diabetes, be nulliparous, deliver preterm, and have had a prior cesarean. There were no differences in the incidence of BPMYO, stage of BPMYO, or incidence of pathologically defined accreta between cases and controls. These findings persisted after controlling for potential confounders. Conclusions Although BPMYO may be more common in the setting of abnormal placental vasculature, there is no significant association between BPMYO and HDP.
Using blogs as a professional development tool for teachers: analysis of interaction behavioral patterns

The coming era of Web 2.0 focuses on users' active online participation and interaction. Among such interactive media, the blog is one representative tool of online knowledge construction. The purpose of this study is to explore the behavioral patterns and the depth of knowledge construction when using blogs for teachers' professional development. This research combines quantitative content analysis, sequential analysis, and qualitative protocol analysis. We studied how 470 teachers used blogs to conduct instructional knowledge interactions prior to the intervention of teacher educators and analyzed the teacher's behavioral patterns and the depth of knowledge construction. On the basis of the discovered behavioral patterns, we see that although blogs can serve as a channel for teachers to share teaching information, the aspect of knowledge construction is limited. We point out these limitations, and provide suggestions on how teacher educators can guide interactions during training. We also suggest how system developers can adjust blog functions to facilitate the discussion quality of online teacher communities.
The Effect of Value Perception on Customer Loyalty and Satisfaction. (A Study of University Students)

Purpose: The objective of current research is to study the effect of value perceptions on student loyalty and satisfaction. Methodology: Final analysis was performed on 120 valid responses. Reliability of scale was checked by using cronbach’s alpha statistics. Correlation analysis was employed to study the relationship between functional value, epistemic value, social value, conditional value, emotional value, image, monetary sacrifices, nonmonetary sacrifices, emotions, knowledge, satisfaction (independent variables) and intention to recommend (dependent variable). Further regression analysis was carried out in order to test the hypothesis. Findings: The statistical analysis of this research reveals that there is a positive and significant alliance between all variables. Further the research reveals that among other variables satisfaction has greater contribution towards building long term loyalty. Practical implication: This research highlight the need of improving business department in university of Sargodha for the attainment of loyal students as the outcomes of this paper shows that department is continuously working and have more loyal and satisfied students base than their competitors. Originality/value: To the best of researcher’s knowledge this research is the best of its kind which studies student satisfaction and loyalty in business department of university of Sargodha.
Incidence of Intrathoracic Sarcoidosis Among Young Adults Participating in a Trial of Tuberculosis Vaccines

In the course of the Medical Research Council's clinical trial of tuberculosis vaccines (Medical Research Council, 1956, 1959, 1963) records have been kept of the cases of definite or possible sarcoidosis which developed among the participants. These findings have now been analysed from several points of view; (1) The effect of tuberculin status on entry to the trial, and of B.C.G. and vole-bacillus vaccination, on the subsequent incidence of sarcoidosis. (2) The attack rate of intrathoracic sarcoidosis in the total participants, originally living in urban or suburban areas in England, and observed between the ages of about 15 and 25 years. (3) The relation between sarcoidosis and tuberculin sensitivity, as shown by the periodic tuberculin tests made during the trial.
Independent for life : homes and neighborhoods for an aging America

Title Page Dedication Table of Contents Foreword by John W. Rowe Preface Acknowledgments Section I Introduction: Independent/Successful Longevity 1. New Visions for Aging in Place Henry Cisneros 2. A Hopeful Future Laura Carstensen Section II Demographics and Challenges 3. Changing Demographic Realities Adele Hayutin 4. Future Social and Economic Changes Anthony Downs Section III Housing and Services 5. From Home to Hospice: The Range of Housing Alternatives Elinor Ginzler 6. Community Services Jennie Chin Hansen and Andrew Scharlach Section IV Homes 7. The Home Environment and Aging Esther Greenhouse 8. Technology Solutions Eric Dishman 9. A Contractor's Perspective Greg Miedema 10. A Case Study: Interior Design for Aging in Place M. Robbins Black 11. Multifamily Housing Hipolito Roldan 12. A Case Study: The Freedom Home Keith Collins Section V Neighborhoods 13. Healthy Communities Lawrence D. Frank 14. How to Get Started - Local Community Action Ron Littlefield and Robert H. McNulty 15. Retrofitting Suburbs Ellen Dunham-Jones and June Williamson 16. Longevity and Urbanism Scott Ball and Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk 17. Neighborhood Development Christopher B. Leinberger and Michael Glynn Section VI Strategies for Change 18. Vulnerable Populations Fernando Torres-Gil and Brian Hofland 19. Housing Finance Richard K. Green and Gary D. Painter 20. A Political Strategy Shirley Franklin and Jane Hickie Conclusion Resources Glossary
Optimized tomography of continuous variable systems using excitation counting

We propose a systematic procedure to optimize quantum state tomography protocols for continuous variable systems based on excitation counting preceded by a displacement operation. Compared with conventional tomography based on Husimi or Wigner function measurement, the excitation counting approach can significantly reduce the number of measurement settings. We investigate both informational completeness and robustness, and provide a bound of reconstruction error involving the condition number of the sensing map. We also identify the measurement settings that optimize this error bound, and demonstrate that the improved reconstruction robustness can lead to an order of magnitude reduction of estimation error with given resources. This optimization procedure is general and can incorporate prior information of the unknown state to further simplify the protocol.
Irrigation and Debridement

Liaison: Carl Haasper MD, PhD, MSc Leaders: Martin Buttaro MD (International), William Hozack MD (US) Delegates: Craig A Aboltins MD, Olivier Borens MD, JJ Callaghan MD, Pedro Ivo de Carvalho MD, Yuhan Chang MD, Pablo Corona MD, Ferdinando Da Rin MD, Silvano Esposito MD, Thomas K Fehring MD, Xavier Flores Sanchez MD, Gwo-Chin Lee MD, JC Martinez-Pastor MD, SM Javad Mortazavi MD, Nicolas O Noiseux MD, Kuo-Ti Peng MD, Harold Delano Schutte MD, Daniel Schweitzer MD, Rihard Treb se MD, Eleftherios Tsiridis MD, Leo Whiteside MD
Development of the Self-curiosity Attitude-Interest Scale

Even though introspection, reflection, and mentalization are important processes in clinical practice, no self-report measure has been developed to address the psychological construct of self-curiosity. This paper addresses this disparity, and provides a new self-report measure on this topic and data on its nomological network. Curiosity about self was initially conceptualized as the desire that people have to explore and understand themselves and their psychological functioning beyond what they already know about themselves. The manuscript presents data from three independent samples used to build the SelfCuriosity Attitude-Interest (SCAI) scale. Data show that the SCAI comprises two dimensions: attitude toward self-curiosity (cognitive propensity toward exploring one’s own inner world) and interest in increasing knowledge of self (emotional/motivational pull to understand oneself better). An independent sample shows good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and evidence of construct validity of the SCAI. This paper discusses the utility of the SCAI in clinical practice and research.