Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cicadetta montana complex (Hemiptera, Cicadidae) in Greece - a new species and new records based on bioacoustics

In the mountains of Central Greece (Mt. Parnassos, Mt. Giona, Mt. Iti), in the Peloponnesus (Mt. Menalo, Mt. Parnon, Mt. Chelmos, Mt. Panachaiko, Pteri) and in Epirus (South Pindos, Katara Pass), a new species of Cicadetta montana complex has been discovered. Cicadetta hannekeae sp. n. is morphologically very similar to other species of this complex but has a characteristic and distinct song. This species was found at elevations from 800 to 1700 m and apparently replaces in these localities C. macedonica and C. montana s. str. , found in the Southern Balkans (North Pindos, Mt. Vourinos,
Effect of organic-inorganic N sources on growth, NPK nutrients and secondary metabolites of Panax Notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen -

The effects of organic and inorganic N combined application on P.notoginseng cultivation are poorly known. For this reason, we have carried out a pot culture experiment in 2010. The treatments respectively were (1) control (no N input, CK), (2) organic N (ON), (3) half organic N and half inorganic N (1/2ON+ 1/2IN), (4) inorganic N (IN). Plant growth, NPK and secondary metabolites concentration were assayed. Results showed that compared to CK, ON increased plant height, N, P concentration and accumulation and total saponins concentration, but reduce total flavonoids concentration. IN increased shoot and root biomass, N concentration and accumulation, K accumulation, but reduce total flavonoids and saponins concentration. 1/2ON+ 1/2IN had the highest hair root length, root diameter, biomass, N concentration and accumulation, K concentration in roots, total saponins concentration, but had the lowest K concentration in shoots, total flavonoids concentration in shoots and roots. Correlation analysis showed total flavonoids concentration was negative correlated with N concentration and accumulation, K concentration in shoots, but was positive correlated K concentration in roots. Total saponins concentration was negative correlated with K concentration in shoots whereas positive in roots, and was negative correlated with total flavonoids concentration. Totally, organic and inorganic N combined application with the ratio of 50/50 is the best way for growth and saponins of P.notoginseng.
Physicochemical properties of honey produced in Sekota district, northern Ethiopia

This study was conducted to characterize honey produced in Sekota district in northern Ethiopia and to assess the effects of location (lowland, midland and highland) and hive type (modern zander-frame and traditional tube basket) on the quality of honey produced in the area. A total of 20 honey samples were collected from four locations in Sekota district. Reducing sugars, apparent sucrose, pH, moisture, ash, hydroxymethylfurfural, acidity and water-insoluble solids contents of the honey samples were analyzed. The pH of honey samples collected from the midland of the district was significantly higher than (p < 0.05) the pH of honey samples collected from lowland areas. Hive type significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the reducing sugars contents of the honey samples. The water-insoluble solids content of the honey samples analyzed in this study is above the maximum limit set by national and international standards for waterinsoluble solids content of honey. Although honey produced in Sekota district is generally of good quality, efforts need to be made to reduce the water-insoluble solids content of the honey.
What to expect from dynamical modelling of galactic haloes II : the spherical Jeans equation.

The spherical Jeans equation (SJE) is widely used in dynamical modelling of the Milky Way (MW) halo potential. We use haloes and galaxies from the cosmological Millennium-II simulation and hydrodynamical APOSTLE simulations to investigate the performance of the SJE in recovering the underlying mass profiles of MW mass haloes. The best-fitting halo mass and concentration parameters scatter by 25% and 40% around their input values, respectively, when dark matter particles are used as tracers. This scatter becomes as large as a factor of 3 when using star particles instead. This is significantly larger than the estimated statistical uncertainty associated with the use of the SJE. The existence of correlated phase-space structures that violate the steady state assumption of the SJE as well as non-spherical geometries are the principal sources of the scatter. Binary haloes show larger scatter because they are more aspherical in shape and have a more perturbed dynamical state. Our results confirm that the number of independent phase-space structures sets an intrinsic limiting precision on dynamical inferences based on the steady state assumption. Modelling with a radius-independent velocity anisotropy, or using tracers within a limited outer radius, result in significantly larger scatter, but the ensemble-averaged measurement over the whole halo sample is approximately unbiased.
The evaluation of immunization against hepatitis B vaccine among the health staff of Kashan University of Medical Sciences during 2012-2013

: Background: Hepatitis B infection is a major public health problem worldwide. An important way to prevent hepatitis infection, especially among the high-risk populations including healthcare workers is vaccination. So, this study was conducted to evaluate the post- vaccination immunologic response of health staff in Kashan University of Medical Sciences during 2012-2013. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 227 staff randomly selected from the ones received the last dose of vaccine three months ago. Their blood samples were tested for Anti-HBs and Anti-HBc using the ELISA and RAPID tests, respectively. Results: Among 227 subjects, 167(75.6%) cases were female and 56 (24.4%) male (mean age, 31.35±7.85 years). Ninety-five percent of the women responded to the vaccine (10.8% hypo-response; 14.4% intermediate-response and 70.1% hyper-response). On the other hand, 95.3% of the men responded to the vaccine (20.4% hypo-response, 20.4% intermediate-response and 55.6% hyper-response). Conclusion: The results of this study reveal the appropriate immune responses to vaccine one year after the vaccination. Although among the subjects the immunologic response to vaccine after one period of vaccination has not been 100%, the current protocol for hepatitis B vaccine yields the remarkable response.
Estimating poverty and inequality indicators using interval censored income data from the German microcensus

Rising poverty and inequality increases the risk of social instability in countries all around the world. For measuring poverty and inequality there exists a variety of statistical indicators. Estimating these indicators is trivial as long as the income variable is measured on a metric scale. However, estimation is not possible, using standard formulas, when the income variable is interval censored (or grouped), as in the German Microcensus. This is the case for numerous censuses due to confidentiality constraints or in order to decrease item non-response. To enable the estimation of statistical indicators in these scenarios, we propose an iterative kernel density algorithm that generates metric pseudo samples from the interval censored income variable. Based on these pseudo samples, poverty and inequality indicators are estimated. The standard errors of the indicators are estimated by a non-parametric bootstrap. Simulation results demonstrate that poverty and inequality indicators from interval censored data can be unbiasedly estimated by the proposed kernel density algorithm. Also the standard errors are correctly estimated by the non-parametric bootstrap. The kernel density algorithm is applied in this work to estimate regional poverty and inequality indicators from German Microcensus data. The results show the regional distribution of poverty and inequality in Germany.
Perception of Entrepreneurship as a Career by Students from Selected Public Secondary Schools in Nairobi

2This study sought to determine how students of public secondary schools in Nairobi perceive entrepreneurship as a career and whether they would want to pursue a career in entrepreneurship upon completion of school. The study bore in mind that both exogenous and endogenous factors have the potential to influence the students’ perception of entrepreneurship and thus contribute in determining their entrepreneurial intentions. As such learning Busine ss Studies in secondary school and having parents/ guardians in self employment was viewed as having prior exposure to entrepreneurship. Data for this study was obtained by use of a questionnaire administered to randomly selected students from sel ected schools that were representative of public secondary schools in Nairo bi. They were 135 respondents who comprised of both male and female students and students ranging from Form one (1) to Form four (4). The research revealed that although majority of students had a positive perception of entrepreneurship as a career option, there were various factors that were perceived as hindrances or challenges. Key of these was the fear of failure, lack of sufficient knowledge to start and run own business and the inadequate funds to start business. The study also revealed that there was n o significant difference in the perception of entrepreneurship between students who had had prior exposure through Business Studies subject at school and those who ha d not studied the subject. It was also observed that students who had parents/ guardians in self employment were not highly motivated to go into entrepreneurship so as to cont inue in family business.
The Impact of Managerial Ability on Crisis-Period Corporate Investment

In this study, we document a strong positive relation between pre-crisis managerial ability and corporate investment during the crisis period, which remains robust in the presence of a large array of control variables capturing corporate governance attributes, executive compensation incentives and CEO characteristics. This relationship was prevalent only among firms with CEOs that had general managerial skills, rather than firm-specific skills. Our results also show that the positive relationship between managerial ability and corporate investment was supported by the capacity of such firms to secure greater financing and be less vulnerable to financial constraints during the crisis. Finally, we find that, on average, the stock market evaluates crisis-period investments positively, yet this effect is evident solely among firms characterized by high pre-crisis managerial ability. Overall, the results are consistent with the view that high managerial ability helps to mitigate underinvestment problems during a crisis which in turn increases firm value.
Full Reserve Banking: More ‘Cranks’ Than ‘Brave Heretics’

This paper analyses the main features and policy implications of full reserve banking (FRB) proposals. It argues that whilst FRB advocates recognize the essential endogeneity of the money creation process, they have failed to understand the Post Keynesian and monetary circuitist analyses of endogenous money, which leads them to analytical errors, including: lending activity creates seigniorage privilege for commercial banks; inflation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon; the inability of distinguishing the actual from the planned supply of bank loans, and money to be spent from money hoarded; and the debt-free money proposition. The paper also argues that an FRB system is likely to exacerbate financial instability for several reasons, including: the obsessive focus on commercial banks, while ignoring non-bank financial intermediaries and shadow banking; a blind fascination for the safety and security of the payment system, with little consideration for the financing needs of capitalist economies; and an inherent deflationary bias. Furthermore, FRB arrangements would soon be undermined by the development of alternative near-moneys. Finally, FRB will nullify the automatic stabilisers of fiscal policy and lead to a de facto dominance of monetary policy and unelected central bankers over fiscal policy and democratic decision making.
Assessment of Superordinate Categorization in 2-4 years Typically Developing Children

Objective: Taxonomic categorization plays an important role in the cognition development and language learning of children. This study aimed to analyze and compare the trend in the superordinate categorization in typical children across age, gender and type of superordinate categories. Method: A total of 226 typically developing Kannada speaking children between the ages of 2 to 4 years served as participants of this study and were tested in individual set up. After providing 3 practice trials, a total of 122 items were presented and children were asked to assign or categorize each item under 11 categories which were indicated with referent pictures on a stimulus board. The responses of the children were rated on a 4 point rating scale. Results: Results revealed a developmental trend in typical children between 2 to 4 years for superordinate categorization. The performance of children between >2.0 to 3.6 to <4.0 years. Effect of gender was not observed in all the age groups and on all the superordinate categories. There was no significant difference in the performance of children between natural categories and artifacts across age and gender. Conclusion: The task for superordinate categorization in typical Kannada speaking children between 2 to 4 years showed a developmental trend indicating that superordinate categorization evolves with age and may continue after four years of age. The performance of children was not significantly different on natural categories and artifacts and this suggests that the children were capable of identifying perceptual and functional/contextual similarities and this could have probably helped in the categorization task, although they are differently used as a function of context and circumstances.
Variation in Fucoidan Contents and Monosaccharide Compositions of Korean Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar (Phaeophyta)

Three different forms of Undaria pinnatifida, the southern form (U. pinnatifida f. typica), the northern form (U. pinnatifida f. distans), and Samcheok form (recently cultivated strain), were examined for the contents and compositions of fucoidans. Fucoidans were extracted from the dried edible portions of three forms of U. pinnatifida in low pH condition, mainly by ethanol precipitation and CaCl2 treatment. It was shown that Samcheok form contains 1.8 and 3.5 times more fucoidans than the northern and the southern forms, respectively. The monosaccharide compositions of individual fucoidans were also varied. The fucoidans from the southern and the northern forms were shown to be composed of mainly fucose and galactose with the molar percentage ratios of 83.5%:16.5% and 87.4%:12.6%, respectively, indicating that these are F-type fucoidans. The fucoidan from Samcheok form, however, consisted of fucose (62.7%), galactose (32.9%), and small amount of glucose (4.4%). The results of this study showed that both amount and monosaccharide compositions of fucoidans are variable depending on U. pinnatifida forms.
Psychosocial Correlates as Predictors of Voting Behaviour in Ogun State, Nigeria

The study examines the influence of some psychosocial factors (age, gender, perceived benefit, self-esteem, personality, and personal attributes of the candidate, religious and ethnic affiliation) on the voting behaviour of Nigerians. The participants were 3276 (male=112, female=1164) selected within the age range of 18 to 45 years. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected using some psychological scales and self-designed questionnaire. Analysis of data shows that some psychosocial correlates were found prominent in predicting the voting behaviour of Nigerians. Among them were perceived benefit, self-esteem, personality, religious affiliation and ethnic affiliation. The implications of the study were also discussed. Key Words : Voting behaviour, Psychosocial, Personality.
The cosmic evolution of oxygen and nitrogen abundances in star-forming galaxies over the past 10 Gyr

Aims. The chemical evolution of galaxies on a cosmological timescale is still a matter of debate despite the increasing number of available data provided by spectroscopic surveys of star-forming galaxies at different redshifts. The fundamental relations involving metallicity, such as the mass-metallicity relation (MZR) or the fundamental metallicity relation, give controversial results about the reality of evolution of the chemical content of galaxies at a given stellar mass. In this work we shed some light on this issue using the completeness reached by the 20 k bright sample of the zCOSMOS survey and using for the first time the nitrogen-to-oxygen ratio (N/O) as a tracer of the gas phase chemical evolution of galaxies that is independent of the star formation rate. Methods. Emission-line galaxies both in the SDSS and 20 k zCOSMOS bright survey were used to study the evolution from the local Universe of the MZR up to a redshift of similar to 1.32, and the relation between stellar mass and N/O (MNOR) up to a redshift of similar to 0.42 using the N2S2 parameter. All the physical properties derived from stellar continuum and gas emission-lines, including stellar mass, star formation rates, metallicity and N/O, were calculated in a self-consistent way over the full redshift range. Results. We confirm the trend to find lower metallicities in galaxies of a given stellar mass in a younger Universe. This trend is even observed when taking possible effects into account that are due to the observed larger median star formation rates for galaxies at higher redshifts. We also find a significant evolution of the MNOR up to z similar to 0.4. Taking the slope of the O/H vs. N/O relation into account for the secondary-nitrogen production regime, the observed evolution of the MNOR is consistent with the trends found for both the MZR and its equivalent relation using new expressions to reduce its dependence on star formation rate.
Assessment of Knowledge and Practice on Infection Prevention among Health Care Workers at Dessie Referral Hospital, Amhara Region, South Wollo Zone, North East Ethiopia

Background: A large fraction of the world’s illness and death is attributable to communicable diseases. Sixty-two percent and 31% of all deaths in Africa and Southeast Asia, respectively, are caused by infectious disease. An infection prevention and control measure ensures the protection of those who are vulnerable to acquiring an infection in the general community. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess infection prevention knowledge and practice among health care workers at Dessie Referral Hospital, Amhara region, South Wollo, North East Ethiopia, June 2016. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dessie Referral Hospital from February 2016 -June 2016. Simple random sampling technique was used to collect data from health care workers. Pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data from randomly selected health care workers at Selam Hospital using 5% of the sample size and necessary amendments were made. Proportions, tables and graphs were used to summarize the collected data. Each filled questionnaire was checked for its completeness, accuracy and consistency. Result: The study was done on 208 healthcare workers with respondent rate of 208(100%). All respondents 208(100%) knew about personal protective equipment. Among respondent 182(87.5%) of health care workers knew use of an alcohol based antiseptic for hand hygiene is as effective as soap and water. All of the respondents 208(100%) used glove and had gown. Nearly all of respondents 205(98.6%) told that they wash hands with antiseptics/soap after work. Conclusion and Recommendation: Generally, the results of this study revealed that 198(95.19%) of health care workers at Dessie Referral Hospital had good knowledge and 182(87.5%) had good practice of infection prevention. Less than one fourth of health care workers (17.7%) were trained on infection prevention. Strengthening the knowledge of HCW (Health Care Workers) and giving training on infection prevention practice for HCW is recommended.
Agronomic Characters, Yield Components and Grain Yield Evaluation of 11 New Hybrid Maize Prospective Genotypes

Maize ( Zea mays L.) is the second important commodity after rice in Indonesia. As of 2015, more than 3 million tons of maize grain still need to be imported. It is caused by productivity of maize which remains low due to the lowness proportion of hybrid maize seed. In addition to a single cross, threeway cross seed is still necessary as alternatives for farmers rather than open pollinated cultivar ones. The purpose of this study was to evaluate grain yield of 11 prospective genotypes utilizing BISI 18 and Sukmaraga as control cultivars. Randomized block design (RBD) with three replications was adopted. The study was carried out in the dry season 2015. The result of this study showed that at 95% confidence level (a=0.05), prospective genotype SSUSX48274 performed significantly better than BISI 18 and Sukmaraga, while others yielded significantly better than Sukmaraga, but equal to BISI 18. All new prospective genotypes could be included in the multilocation trial in order to release superior varieties.
A novel approach to dissolution correction of Mg/Ca–based paleothermometry in the tropical Pacific

[1] Mg/Ca in planktonic foraminifers carries two main signals: calcification temperature and postdepositional test dissolution. Shell dissolution thus distorts water temperature reconstructions made with Mg/Ca in foraminifers. This problem could be resolved by quantifying the impact of carbonate dissolution on Mg/Ca with an independent, temperature-insensitive deep-sea calcite dissolution proxy, such as the Globorotalia menardii fragmentation index (MFI). To test the validity of this approach, we measured Mg/Ca in the tests of several planktonic foraminifers and MFI in core tops collected over a wide geographic region of the tropical Pacific and covering a wide range of deep-sea calcite dissolution and seawater temperature. We confirm that Mg/Ca from different species have different susceptibility to temperature and dissolution. Mg/Ca in surface-dwelling Globigerina bulloides is controlled by calcification temperature and is largely unaffected by carbonate dissolution estimated from MFI. In contrast, Mg/Ca in deeper dwelling G. menardii is minimally sensitive to temperature and dominantly affected by dissolution. Mg/Ca in Neogloboquadrina dutertrei and Pulleniatina obliquiloculata are significantly affected by both temperature and dissolution, and MFI can be effectively used to correct temperature estimates from these species for calcite dissolution. Additional variables besides temperature and dissolution appear to control Mg/Ca in Globorotalia tumida, and their identification is a prerequisite for interpreting elemental shell composition in this species. Combining down-core measurements of Mg/Ca in multiple foraminifer species with MFI provides a powerful tool for reconstructing past changes in the upper water column temperature structure in the tropical Pacific.