Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Empirical macroscopic fundamental diagrams: New insights from loop detector and floating car data

The macroscopic fundamental diagram, relating average flows and densities in an urban network, has been analyzed in some empirical studies and many simulations. It has been shown to be an efficient tool for traffic management and control or the estimation of travel times in a network. However, empirical studies remain scarce and are usually based on one single data source, such as loop detector data (LDD) or floating car data (FCD). In this paper, we analyze an extensive data set based on both, LDD and FCD for the city of Zurich. We show that each source exhibits a well-defined and reproducible MFD. However, they differ from each other, due to limitations of the data sources. We identify a placement bias, and a link selection bias for LDD, which leads to an overestimation of occupancy or density values, respectively. In order to mitigate such biases we develop a methodology accounting for the relative position of a loop detector on links and their frequency at that position. Moreover, we investigate and validate common practices when transforming LDD occupancy and FCD flows, which are the space effective mean length of a vehicle and the probe penetration rate, respectively. We also apply a combination of LDD flows and FCD speeds to estimate the MFD, which partly eliminates key drawbacks of both data sources.
INCREASING PRIVATE CAPITAL FLOWS TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL AND FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN 58 COUNTRIES, 1970-2003

Combining the classical “push-pull factors” and the “Lucas paradox” theoretical approaches, and taking into account the relationship between components of capital flows -through Three Stage Least Square (3SLS) estimations-, this paper shows that physical infrastructure and financial development positively affect Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and portfolio investment in developing countries. The analysis highlights the importance of non-linearity effects when assessing the role of financial development for portfolio investment inflows. Lax monetary policy and excessive credit provision could weaken the financial system and significantly reduce portfolio investment flows in long-run. The results also show that for Sub-Saharan African countries, better physical infrastructure tends to attract more FDI.
Traffic circles and timing of traffic lights for cars flow

In this paper we address the following traffic regulation problem: given a junction with some incoming roads and some outgoing ones, is it preferable to regulate the flux via a traffic light or via a traffic circle on which the incoming traffic enters continuously? More precisely, assuming that drivers distribute on outgoing roads according to some known coefficients, our aim is to understand which solution performs better from the point of view of total amount of cars going through the junction. To deal with this problem we consider a fluid dynamic model for traffic flow on a road network. The model is that proposed in [9] and is applied to the case of crossings with lights and with circles. For the first we consider timing of lights as control and determine the asymptotic fluxes. For the second we extend and complete the model of [9] introducing some right of way parameters. Also in this case we determine the asymptotic behavior. We then compare the performances of the two solutions. Finally, we can indicate which choice is preferable, depending on traffic level and control necessity, and give indications on how to tune traffic light timing and traffic circle right of way parameters.
Management options in Heteropogon contortus grasslands in south-east Queensland: burning, high stocking rate with dry season supplementation and pasture oversowing

This paper reports changes in pasture production and composition and animal production in response to management and development options in a black speargrass (Heteropogon contortus) community. The initial study commenced in 1972 in south-east Queensland and measured the effects of tree killing, legume oversowing and pasture replacement at a range of stocking rates. In the second phase (1979–86), reported here, the effects of burning, high stocking rate with dry season supplementation and the timing of grass/ legume oversowing were measured. During the study period, summer rainfall was mostly below average. Burning of native pasture decreased overall yields and decreased cover by > 10%. It also led to a decrease in Aristida species and an increase in Glycine species. Annual liveweight gain was similar to that from unburnt native pasture. At the high stocking rate, there was no increase in Aristida species over the 8 years of the study, but there was an increase in Bothriochloa decipiens and a decrease in Cymbopogon refractus, both symptoms of pasture decline. Annual liveweight gains per head were maintained at similar levels to those on the burnt and unburnt native pasture by supplementing animals with urea-molasses over the dry season. Oversowing green panic (Panicum maximum cv. Petrie) into old speargrass-siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum cv. Siratro) pastures resulted in very good establishment but establishment was very poor when green panic and siratro were oversown into unimproved speargrass pasture. Some of this failure was due to low rainfall in the season after planting. Even with successful establishment of green panic, there was little benefit to animal production over that from spear grass-siratro pasture. The implications of each of the different management strategies and development options are discussed in relation to native speargrass and speargrass-siratro pastures.
Impact assessment of frontline demonstrations on green gram: Experience from rainfed condition of Rajasthan

Pulses being rich in quality protein, minerals and vitamins are inseparable ingredients of diet of majority of Indian population. Despite high nutritive value of pulses and their role in sustainable agriculture desired growth rate in production could not be witnessed. The domestic production of pulses is consistently below the targets and actualdomestic requirements are also higher, due to these pulses are being imported. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra Pali has carried out frontline demonstrations on green gram covering an area of 26.5 ha of farmersâ€™ field to exhibit latest production technologies and compared it with farmerâ€™s practice. The study in total 40 frontline demonstrations were conducted on farmersâ€™ fields in villages viz., Kishanagar, Bedkallan, Boyal, Kushalpura and Balara of Pali district of Rajasthan state during 2014, 2015 and 2016, to demonstrate production potential and economic benefit of improved technologies comprising sowing method, nutrient management and chemical weed control and adoption of whole package of practices for the crop. After sowing of seed application of weedicide Pendimethalin (within two days after sowing) at 1.0 kg/ha in 500 liters of water used for effective control of the weeds during kharif season in rainfed condition. The findings of the study revealed that the demonstrated technology recorded a mean yield of 982 kg/ha which was 35.5% higher than obtained with farmersâ€™ practice (755 kg/ha). Higher mean net income of Rs. 46030/ha with a Benefit: Cost ratio of 4.3 was obtained with improved technologies in comparison to farmersâ€™ practices (Rs. 38775/ha). The frontline demonstrations conducted on green gram at the farmersâ€™ field revealed that the adoption of improved technologies significantly increased the yield as well as yield attributing traits of crop and also the net returns higher than the farmersâ€™ practices. So, there is a need to disseminate the improved technologies among the farmers with effective extension methods like training and demonstrations. The farmersâ€™ should be encouraged to adopt the recommended package of practices realizing for higher returns.
Visfatin: A potential biomarker for the early diagnosis and monitoring of acute coronary syndrome

Phone: +90 236 233 19 20 / 346 Fax: +90 236 233 14 66 E-mail: yesim.guvenc@gmail.com ORCID: 0000-0001-5640-0079 Submitted Date: August 16, 2018 Accepted Date: September 28, 2018 Available Online Date: October 26, 2018 ©Copyright 2018 by International Journal of Medical Biochemistry Available online at www.internationalbiochemistry. com DOI: 10.14744/ijmb.2018. 05925 Int J Med Biochem 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
Ultrastructural Observations of the Vitelline Follicles and Vitellogenesis of Acanthostomum (atrophocaecum) aswaninesis Wannas, 1977 (Digenea, Acanthostomatidae), an Intestinal Parasite of Bagrus bayad

2 Abstract: Vitellogenesis of Acanthostomum (A.) aswaninesis, an intestinal parasite of Bagrus bayed, was studied for the first time in Egypt by transmission electron microscopy. The ultrastructural observations indicated that, the vitellogenesis process is divided into four stages: Stage (I), immature vitellocytes have a small amount of cytoplasm, mainly filled with ribosomes and few mitochondria; stage (II), initiation of the synthetic activity, concerning an increase in the amount of endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complexes and shell globule production; stage (III), active shell globule clusters synthesis; stage (IV), mature vitellocytes are filled with shell globule clusters, lipid droplets and -glycogen rosettes particles. The general pattern and ultrastructure of vitellogenesis in A. (A.) aswaninesis greatly resembles those observed in other digeneans and some lower cestodes.
WHEAT ACREAGE RESPONSE: A REGIONAL ECONOMETRIC INVESTIGATION

An econometric model of planted wheat acreage was estimated for five distinct production regions in the United States. This structural investigation represents an update of previous published work with specific attention given to policy program variables, weather, production cost, risk, market price influences, and program participation. Estimated results indicated regional divergence in responsiveness to government program variables. The most significant divergence occurred in the Cornbelt and Southeast - soft red winter wheat areas. Results indicate that management of the wheat program from the USDA level will contain countervailing production incentives unless these regional characteristics are taken into consideration in policy directives.
Il Mulino-Rivisteweb

The paper investigates Catherine Hakim’s theory on men’s need to control women’s sexuality. It first criticizes Hakim’s choice to recuperate the term “patriarchy” at the expense of 1990s and 2000s notions such as “gender regime” and “gender system”. It argues that these terms are more fruitful in adopting an intersectional approach toward gender inequalities and power relations. Second, it criticizes Hakim’s account of Marxist and second wave feminist theories on male domination by highlighting their complexity and internal variety. Third, and most importantly, it argues that Hakim retrieves a pre-social and biological conception of sexual drive which has been strongly criticized over the last fifty years by constructivist approaches in the sociology of sexuality. These critiques put Hakim’s theory into serious question, since that, if desire can be connected to society, and society is marked by men’s domination, then desire can not be at the origin of patriarchy: rather, it could be an effect of it.
Quasi-apparatus shime waza test (QASWT) – validation procedure

Background and Study Aim: Judo is the only Olympic sport where it is acceptable to the win by suffocation of competitor. Alternatively, by capitulate of a competitor due to the applied chokehold technique (shime waza). Despite the popularity of judo therapy in Japan, the clinical effects of shime waza are unknown. The studies aim to validate the quasi-apparatus shime waza test (QASWT) from two perspectives: the safety of practising judo and clinical applications. Material and Methods: Twenty juvenile judo athletes (14 boys, 6 girls) in age between 10 to 12 years (10.7 ±0.73) were tested. Authorial QASWT was applied. The accuracy of this test was based on Delphi method (assessed by 5 competent judges). The reliability test was determined by a test-retest method with an interval of 7 days. Trial 1 (progressive choking): experienced judo instructor counts loudly (in Polish) “hundred twenty-one” (lowest range of applied choking strength) to “hundred twenty-five” (the highest range), applying alongside with it kata-juji-jime (single cross hold) with increasing strength. Surrendering (tapping out) by the participant (or symptoms of fainting) ends the trial. Assistant starts stop-watch at the beginning of counting and stops it at the moment of surrendering (strength needed to surrender were necessary to verification in progressive version FSWprogres). The difference in Trial 2 is in applying determined for each participant strength from the beginning (FSWcorrect). Indicators: FSWprogres and FSWcorrect in a scale from 1 to 5; time of choking tolerance tTSWprogres and tTSWcorrect (in seconds with precision to 0.01); Shime Waza Index (SWIprogres and SWIcorrect respectively) from 0 to 1 (it is determining ability of choking tolerance in proportion of tTSWprogres and tTSWcorrect to constant value of 5.99 seconds). Results: Full agreement between competent judges confirms high accuracy QASWT. Moreover, regularity of SWI reduction between trial 1 and 2 (SWIprogres and SWIcorrect respectively: test 0.83 ±0.20 ÷ 0.70 ±0.25; re-test 0.85 ±0.17 ÷ 0.72 ±0.27) was confirmed. Very high reliability was confirmed by test-retest results of following QASWT indicators: FSW (r = 0.973); SWIprogres (r = 0.910), SWIcorrect (r = 0.770; all p<0.01. Lower correlation of tTSWprogres (r = 0.622) and tTSWcorrect (r = 0.627) both p<0.01 indicators do not give solid bases to question reliability for that category of diagnostic tools. Conclusions: Applied methodology of QASWT fulfils medical and ethical standards of safety for people who are using shime waza during judo and self-defence training. This innovative tool of prophylaxis and therapy based on elements of martial arts (e.g. fear reduction, stress-resistant training, increasing surviving abilities), when applied reasonably, may have positive effects in treatment and therapy of some disorders. This application requires the interdisciplinary cooperation of specialists in a field of medicine, physiotherapy, agonology (with judo qualifications), psychology and medical biotechnology.
Entrepreneurial Success through Microfinance Services among Women Entrepreneurs in Sri Lanka: A Pilot Study and Overview of the Findings

Determining microfinance services which facilitate entrepreneurial success (ES) among women entrepreneurs who use such services remains a major issue in the microfinance sector. To address this gap, this study was designed to tap into microfinance services constructs as well as ES of women entrepreneurs within the conceptual model. The relevant questionnaire was piloted among 40 women through microfinance services in Sri Lanka. Based on theories, the measures which comprise microcredit, micro-saving, micro-insurance, business-support, skills development and dependent variable of the ES among women through micro finance were derived from the literature and expert opinion. These constructs were subject to reliability and validity tests to decide on the measures and items to be retained to represent microfinance services and ES in microfinance sector in Sri Lanka. The findings of the study will provide a good starting point to identify the suitable measurements. Further the study will pave way for a comprehensive study which can develop a diamond specification model for the financial sector in Sri Lanka.
Permanent Injunctions in Patent Litigation After eBay: An Empirical Study

The Supreme Court’s 2006 decision in eBay v. MercExchange is widely regarded as one of the most important patent law rulings of the past decade. Historically, patent holders who won on the merits in litigation nearly always obtained a permanent injunction against infringers. In eBay, the Court unanimously rejected this “general rule” that a prevailing patentee is entitled to an injunction, instead holding that lower courts must apply a four-factor test before granting such relief. Almost ten years later, however, significant questions remain regarding how this four-factor test is being applied, as there has there has been little rigorous empirical examination of eBay’s actual impact in patent litigation.This Article helps fill this gap in the literature by reporting the results of an original empirical study of contested permanent injunction decisions in district courts for a 7½ year period following eBay. It finds that eBay has effectively created a bifurcated regime for patent remedies, where operating companies who compete against an infringer still obtain permanent injunctions in the vast majority of cases that are successfully litigated to judgment. In contrast, non-practicing entities almost always are denied injunctive relief. These findings are robust even after controlling for the field of patented technology and the particular court that decided the injunction request. It also finds that permanent injunction rates vary significantly based on patented technology and forum. Finally, this Article considers some implications of these findings for both participants in the patent system and policy makers.
Root Associated Bacteria from the Rice antagonizes the Growth of Magnaporthe grisea

Root associated bacteria were isolated from the rice field by using nitrogen free selective medium. The biochemical tests and molecular analysis were preformed for the identification of isolates. Then the sequences obtained were analyzed by using bioinformatics software and the cultures were identified as Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Bacillus pumilus and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Then these isolates were in vitro inoculated to paddy plant to study their effect on plant growth promotion and resistance against pathogen. Results obtained during greenhouse showed antagonistic effect of these isolates against Magnaporthe grisea and enhance growth parameters.
Dancing bunches as Van Kampen modes

Van Kampen modes are eigen-modes of Jeans-Vlasov equation [1-3]. Their spectrum consists of continuous and, possibly, discrete parts. Onset of a discrete van Kampen mode means emergence of a coherent mode without any Landau damping; thus, even a tiny couple-bunch wake is sufficient to drive instability. Longitudinal instabilities observed at Tevatron [4], RHIC [5] and SPS [6] can be explained as loss of Landau damping (LLD), which is shown here to happen at fairly low impedances. For repulsive wakes and single-harmonic RF, LLD is found to be extremely sensitive to steepness of the bunch distribution function at small amplitudes. Based on that, a method of beam stabilization is suggested. Emergence of a discrete van Kampen mode means either loss of Landau damping or instability. Longitudinal bunch stability is analysed in weak head-tail approximation for inductive impedance and single-harmonic RF. The LLD threshold intensities are found to be rather low: for cases under study all of them do not exceed a few percent of the zero-amplitude incoherent synchrotron frequency shift, strongly decreasing for shorter bunches. Because of that, LLD can explain longitudinal instabilities happened at fairly low impedances at Tevatron [4], and possibly for RHIC [5] and SPS [6], being inmore » that sense an alternative to the soliton explanation [5, 20]. Although LLD itself results in many cases in emergence of a mode with zero growth rate, any couple-bunch (and sometimes multi-turn) wake would drive instability for that mode, however small this wake is. LLD is similar to a loss of immune system of a living cell, when any microbe becomes fatal for it. The emerging discrete mode is normally very different from the rigid-bunch motion; thus the rigid-mode model significantly overestimates the LLD threshold. The power low of LLD predicted in Ref. [17] agrees with results of this paper. However, the numerical factor in that scaling low strongly depends on the bunch distribution function. Particularly, for inductive impedance above transition and three examined distributions, the highest LLD threshold intensity exceeds the lowest one by a factor of {approx}100. Based on that observation, proper RF phase shaking as a method of beam stabilization is suggested. « less
Neural Model of the Spinning Process Dedicated to Predicting Properties of Cotton - Polyester Blended Yarns on the Basis of the Characteristics of Feeding Streams

The subject of our research were yarns manufactured from cotton-polyester blended slivers, as well as pure cotton and polyester slivers with the use of a BD 200S rotor spinning frame. Partial models of the spinning process were developed for selected, essential yarn quality parameters, such as tenacity, irregularity of yarn’s mass, hairiness, number of yarn faults (number of thin and thick places and number of neps). In order to model the variability of these parameters, the following methods were used: linear and linearised regression, nonlinear multiple regression as well as ADALINE and two-layer perceptron (MLP) artificial neural networks. The best results of approximation we obtained using the MLP network. Selection of the optimum network structure was carried out for each of the parameters. A hybrid model was used to model the variability of the CV coefficient.
The Role of Standardization in Improving the Effectiveness of Integrated Risk Management

The financial and economic crisis has increased the preoccupations for the development of risk management over the last years. As a result an appropriate terminology of the risk, sustained by modern and efficient methods and management instruments was developed. Guides, methodologies and standards have been drawn up with the purpose of formalizing the risk management implementation and also the process, the organizational structure and the objectives of risk management. The guides and standards not only provide information on the process to be adopted in risk management, but also contain advice on how that process should be implemented successfully. The standards have as purpose the formalisation of the risk management process in order to improve their effectiveness, but they don't guarantee it. Once an organisation decides to adopt a standard for risk management, it also has to deal with some practical considerations in order to implement it successfully. These include, but are not limited to, the following: elaborating a plan for risk management implementation, designing an organizational structure for risk management with a greater level of specificity, making risk management part of the enterprise culture, determining all risks categories of the organization, establishing a group of criteria and indicators that measure risk management effectiveness.