Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Galactic chimney sweeping: the effect of ‘gradual’ stellar feedback mechanisms on the evolution of dwarf galaxies

We investigate the impact of time-resolved ‘gradual’ stellar feedback processes in high redshift dwarf spheroidal galaxies. Here ‘gradual’ feedback refers to individual stellar feedback events which deposit energy over a period of time. We conduct high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations of dwarf spheroidal galaxies with halo masses of 107–108 M⊙, based on z = 6 progenitors of the Milky Way’s dwarf spheroidal galaxies. We also include a novel feedback prescription for individual massive stars, which includes stellar winds and an HMXB (high mass X-ray binary) phase, on top of supernovae. We find the mass of gas unbound across a 1 Gyr starburst is uniformly lowered if gradual feedback mechanisms are included across the range of metallicities, halo concentration parameters, and galaxy masses studied here. Furthermore, we find including gradual feedback in the smallest galaxies delays the unbinding of the majority of the gas and facilitates the production of ‘chimneys’ in the dense shell surrounding the feedback generated hot, pressurized ‘superbubble’. These ‘chimneys’ vent hot gas from the galaxy interior, lowering the temperature of the central 10 kpc of the gaseous halo. Additionally, we find radiative cooling has little effect on the energetics of simulations that include a short, violent starburst compared with those that have a longer, less concentrated starburst. Finally, we investigate the relative impact of HMXB feedback and stellar winds on our results, finding the ubiquity of stellar winds throughout each starburst makes them a defining factor in the final state of the interstellar medium.
A simplified model for the secular dynamics of eccentric discs and applications to planet–disc interactions

We develop a simplified model for studying the long-term evolution of giant planets in protoplanetary discs. The model accounts for the eccentricity evolution of the planets and the dynamics of eccentric discs under the influences of secular planet–disc interactions and internal disc pressure, self-gravity, and viscosity. Adopting the ansatz that the disc precesses coherently with aligned apsides, the eccentricity evolution equations of the planet–disc system reduce to a set of linearized ordinary differential equations, which allows for fast computation of the evolution of planet–disc eccentricities over long time-scales. Applying our model to ‘giant planet + external disc’ systems, we are able to reproduce and explain the secular behaviours found in previously published hydrodynamical simulations. We re-examine the possibility of eccentricity excitation (due to secular resonance) of multiple planets embedded in a dispersing disc, and find that taking into account the dynamics of eccentric discs can significantly affect the evolution of the planets’ eccentricities.
LU-Net: An Efficient Network for 3D LiDAR Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation Based on End-to-End-Learned 3D Features and U-Net

We propose LU-Net - for LiDAR U-Net, a new method for the semantic segmentation of a 3D LiDAR point cloud. Instead of applying some global 3D segmentation method such as PointNet, we propose an end-to-end architecture for LiDAR point cloud semantic segmentation that efficiently solves the problem as an image processing problem. We first extract high-level 3D features for each point given its 3D neighbors. Then, these features are projected into a 2D multichannel range-image by considering the topology of the sensor. Thanks to these learned features and this projection, we can finally perform the segmentation using a simple U-Net segmentation network, which performs very well while being very efficient. In this way, we can exploit both the 3D nature of the data and the specificity of the LiDAR sensor. This approach outperforms the state-of-the-art by a large margin on the KITTI dataset, as our experiments show. Moreover, this approach operates at 24fps on a single GPU. This is above the acquisition rate of common LiDAR sensors which makes it suitable for real-time applications.
Parallel In-Memory Evaluation of Spatial Joins

We study the in-memory and parallel evaluation of spatial joins, by tuning a classic partitioning based algorithm. Our study shows that, compared to a straightforward implementation of the algorithm, performance can be improved significantly. We also show how to select appropriate partitioning parameters based on data statistics, in order to tune the algorithm for the given join inputs. Our parallel implementation scales gracefully with the number of threads reducing the cost of the join to at most one second even for join inputs with tens of millions of rectangles.
A spectral stacking analysis to search for faint outflow signatures in z ∼ 6 quasars

Aims. Outflows in quasars during the early epochs of galaxy evolution are an important part of the feedback mechanisms that potentially affect the evolution of the host galaxy. However, systematic millimetre (mm) observations of outflows are only now becoming possible with the advent of sensitive mm telescopes. In this study we used spectral stacking methods to search for a faint high-velocity outflow signal in a sample of [C II] detected, z ∼ 6 quasars. Methods. We searched for broad emission line signatures from high-velocity outflows for a sample of 26 z ∼ 6 quasars observed with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), with a detection of the [C II] line. The observed emission lines of the sources are dominated by the host galaxy, and outflow emission is not detected for the individual sources. We used a spectral line stacking analysis developed for interferometric data to search for outflow emission. We stacked both extracted spectra and the full spectral cubes. We also investigated the possibility that only a sub-set of our sample contributes to the stacked outflow emission. Results. We find only a tentative detection of a broad emission line component in the stacked spectra. When taking a region of about 2″ around the central position of the stacked cubes, the stacked line shows an excess emission due to a broad component of 1.1–1. 5σ, but the significance drops to 0.4–0. 7σ when stacking the extracted spectra from a smaller region. The broad component can be characterised by a line width of full width at half-maximum FWHM > 700 km s−1. Furthermore, we find a sub-sample of 12 sources, the stack of which maximises the broad component emission. The stack of this sub-sample shows an excess emission due to a broad component of 1.2–2. 5σ. The stacked line of these sources has a broad component of FWHM > 775 km s−1. Conclusions. We find evidence suggesting the presence of outflows in a sub-sample of 12 out of 26 sources, which demonstrates the importance of spectral stacking techniques in tracing faint signal in galaxy samples. However, deeper ALMA observations are necessary to confirm the presence of a broad component in the individual spectra.
Neptunium in the Hydrosphere and in the Geosphere

The possible pathways of Np into the hydrosphere and the geosphere and the chemical reactions of Np in the hydrosphere are discussed. The Sorption of Np under various conditions is investigated in batch experiments. Natural sediments and groundwaters of low, medium, and high salinity are used. The oxidation states of Np are determined by extraction and colloid formation is checked by Ultrafiltration. Under aerobic conditions (Eh > 300 mV) the carbonato complexes of Np(V) are sorbed at the surface of the sediments in reversible sorption equilibria with relatively low sorption ratios (about 1 to 6 ml/g). Under strongly anaerobic conditions (Eh < 200 mV) Np(V) is quantitatively reduced to Np(IV) and sparingly soluble hydroxo complexes or Np(OH)4, respectively, are formed. Reversible sorption equilibria are not established, but the sorption ratio is given by the amount of sparingly soluble precipitates of Np(IV) to the amount of Np in the Solution. At initial concentrations of about 10" ' mol/1 of Np(V), the apparent sorption ratio is of the order of 10' ml/g.
LOCAL ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR OP DENSITIES

The paper generalizes and strengthens results on sufficient coraäitions for local asymptotic normality by Hajek (1972), Ibragimov and Has'minskij (1975), Roussas (1979), and a result by Jeganathan (1982) on local asymptotic mixed normality. In examples, local asymptotic normality is shewn for regression problems, for a family of distributions related to a Robbins Monro type approximation method, and for a certain family of stochastic processes. The latter includes examples by Stomatelos (1976).
THE ASYMPTOTIC EFFICIENCY OF CONDITIONAL SLIPPAGE TESTS FOR EXPONENTIAL FAMILIES

Slippage testing problems for exponential families with nuisance parameters are considered. It is shown that the sequences of uniformly most powerful similar size α tests are asymptotically efficient in the class of all sequences of tests which are asymptotically of size α continuously in the nuisance parameters. The results correspond to those of Michel [7] and his idea is used.
Asynchronous circuit design - A tutorial

Asynchronous circuits have characteristics that differ significantly from those of synchronous circuits and, as will be clear from some of the later chapters in this book, it is possible exploit these characteristics to design circuits with very interesting performance parameters in terms of their power, performance, electromagnetic emissions (EMI), etc. Asynchronous design is not yet a well-established and widely-used design methodology. There are textbooks that provide comprehensive coverage of the underlying theories, but the field has not yet matured to a point where there is an established currriculum and university tradition for teaching courses on asynchronous circuit design to electrical engineering and computer engineering students. As this author sees the situation there is a gap between understanding the fundamentals and being able to design useful circuits of some complexity. The aim of Part I of this book is to provide a tutorial on asynchronous circuit design that fills this gap. More specifically the aims are: (i) to introduce readers with background in synchronous digital circuit design to the fundamentals of asynchronous circuit design such that they are able to read and understand the literature, and (ii) to provide readers with an understanding of the “nature” of asynchronous circuits such that they are to design non-trivial circuits with interesting performance parameters. The material is based on experience from the design of several asynchronous chips, and it has evolved over the last decade from tutorials given at a number of European conferences and from a number of special topics courses taught at the Technical University of Denmark and elsewhere. In May 1999 I gave a one-week intensive course at Delft University of Technology and it was when preparing for this course I felt that the material was shaping up, and I set out to write the following text. Most of the material has recently been used and debugged in a course at the Technical University of Denmark in the spring 2001. Supplemented by a few journal articles and a small design project, the text may be used for a one semester course on asynchronous design.
Chemistry of Radioactive Cesium in the Hydrosphere and in the Geosphere

Cesium is sorbed with relatively high selectivity by clay minerals. Accordingly, in groundwaters Cs is found in high amounts in suspended matter or in colloids, if these consist of or contain clay minerals. The sorption of Cs in sediments is also mainly determined by the presence of clay minerals and the sorption ratio at low salinity is found to be roughly proportional to the clay content in the sediments. Furthermore, with the same sediment the sorption ratio is inversily proportional to the concentration of NaCl which proves that ion exchange on the clay minerals is the prevailing sorption mechanism for Cs. It is shown that the sediments contain small amounts of sorption sites of high selectivity for Cs which govern the sorption behaviour at very small concentrations of Cs ions. These sorption sites are also responsible for Cs sorption on suspended particulates of clay in the groundwaters.
Aspects of the social behaviour and herd structure of a semi-isolated colony of West Indian manatees, Trichechus manatus

L'etude d'un groupe de lamantins (Trichechus manatus) isoles dans le lac Blue Lagoon de Miami, en Floride, a ete oriented sur l'identification des individus et sur 1'observation de leur comportement social. Plus de 60 animaux ont 6te identifies : 33 adultes et 27 jeunes. Les lamantins avaient tendance ä se grouper en petites troupes comprenant en moyenne 2,54 individus. A 1'exception des paires constitutes d'une femelle et de son jeune et de groupes de jeunes males, ces troupes etaient instables, et leurs membres s'e*changeaicnt frequemment. On a observe" un nombre moyen de 1,3 interactions au cours de 22 mois d'observations entre n'importe quelle paire d'animaux. On a constate que le groupement des lamantins apportait une facilitation sociale au cours de leurs activites journalieres et notamment une synchronisation de leur respiration. Deux activites apparaissent sociales : glisser sur les vagues et se suivre en file indienne. L'enregistrement de 50 heures de communications acoustiqucs des lamantins a montro que les vocalisations otaient peu frequentes. Ilsemble que la m£canor£ception soit importante dans la coordination des activites de ces animaux. T. manatus est consid4re comme une espece moderement sociale.
The origin of charge on cellulosic fibers

Wood is a complex material built up of both oriented macromolecules (cellulose) and disoriented polymers (mainly hemicelluloses and lignin) embedded in the fibrous structure. Some of the hemicellulose constituents carry carboxylic acid groups, which are potential sites of ionic charge, and which can thus have certain effects on the material properties. Phenolic groups in lignin, on the other hand, are not very important in this respect. They are very weak acids and their ionization requires alkaline conditions. When fibers are produced from wood by various chemimechanical or chemical treatments, changes take place in the accessibility and number of carboxylic acid groups depending on the corresponding pulping or bleaching conditions. In addition, sulfite treatment gives rise to strongly acidic sulfonic acid groups. The fiber properties are often strongly affected by the presence of charged sites made available by these groups. In this paper the origins of cellulosic fiber charge are outlined, taking into account the differences between softwood and hardwood fibers as well as covering the range from mechanical to chemical pulps.
No . 1295 , 2019 Mothers , Peers and Gender-Role Identity

We study whether a woman’s labor supply as a young adult is shaped by the work behavior of her adolescent peers’ mothers. Using detailed information on a sample of U.S. teenagers who are followed over time, we find that labor force participation of high school peers’ mothers affects adult women’s labor force participation, above and beyond the effect of their own mothers. The analysis suggests that women who were exposed to a larger number of working mothers during adolescence are less likely to feel that work interferes with family responsibilities. This perception, in turn, is important for whether they work when they have children.
Self–other personality agreement and internalizing problems in adolescence

Abstract Objective Achieving a clear self‐view is a lifelong task that is particularly salient during adolescence. Theory and research suggest that close others’ perceptions of individuals’ personality may influence the formation and maintenance of coherent self‐views. The degree to which adolescents develop a stable and coherent self‐view, in turn, may have perennial influences on their mental health and well‐being. This 1‐year longitudinal study investigated the associations between the agreement of self‐ and other‐rated Big Five personality traits and internalizing problems in adolescence. Method Participants were 570 Dutch adolescents (51% girls), their mothers, friends, and siblings. We examined the cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations between self–other personality agreement and internalizing problems using polynomial regression analyses and response surface analyses. Results Results indicated strong main effects of self‐ and other‐rated personality traits on internalizing problems but provided little evidence for longitudinal associations between self–other personality agreement and internalizing problems. Conclusion Our results cast doubt on the generalizability of the beneficial effects of self–other agreement documented in the adult literature to adolescents but highlight the importance of self‐ and other‐rated personality in youth's mental health development. Discussion focuses on the theoretical implications and recommendations for future investigations of self–other agreement.
Evolution of visual sensory system in cichlid fishes from crater lake Barombi Mbo in Cameroon.

In deep-water animals, visual sensory system is often challenged by the dim-light environment. Here, we focus on the molecular mechanisms involved in rapid deep-water adaptations. We examine visual system evolution in a small-scale yet phenotypically and ecologically diverse adaptive radiation, the species flock of cichlid fishes in deep crater lake Barombi Mbo in Cameroon, West Africa. We show that rapid adaptations of the visual system to the novel deep-water habitat primarily occurred at the level of gene expression changes rather than through nucleotide mutations, which is compatible with the young age of the radiation. Based on retinal bulk RNA sequencing of all eleven species, we found that the opsin gene expression pattern is substantially different for the deep-water species. The nine shallow-water species feature an opsin palette dominated by the red-sensitive (LWS) opsin, whereas the two unrelated deep-water species lack expression of LWS and the violet-sensitive (SWS2B) opsin, thereby shifting the cone sensitivity to the centre of the light spectrum. Deep-water species further predominantly express the green-sensitive RH2Aα over RH2Aβ. We identified one amino-acid substitution in the RH2Aα opsin specific to the deep-water species. We finally performed a comparative gene expression analysis in retinal tissue of deep- versus shallow-water species. We thus identified 46 differentially expressed genes, many of which are associated with functions in vision, hypoxia management or circadian clock regulation, with some of them being associated with human eye diseases.
Micro-RNA 196a2 expression and miR-196a2 (rs11614913) polymorphism in T1DM: a pilot study

Abstract Background Recent emerging evidence supports the role of miR-196a2 in various human diseases. However, its role in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is still underestimated. We aimed, for the first time, to investigate the expression of miR-196a2 in T1DM and the association of miR-196a2 (rs11614913) polymorphism with susceptibility of T1DM in a sample of patients from Cairo, Egypt. Methods The study included 150 patients and 150 healthy subjects. Evaluation of rs11614913 genotypes and miR-196a2 expression was done using the allelic discrimination and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, respectively. Results The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) was detected among controls (p = 0.2). Our results revealed that the TT genotype was more frequent in patients (22.6%) than controls (10%) while the CC genotype was more frequent in controls (47.3%) than patients (39.3%) (p = 0.01). The frequency of the T allele was significantly higher in patients than in controls (41.7 vs. 31.3%), while the C allele was more frequent in controls (p = 0.008). After adjustment for traditional risk factors, the association of the TT genotype with T1DM remained significant (TT vs. CC, odds ration [OR] = 3.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4–7.4, p = 0.005). Power analysis of the data yielded a statistical power of 80% for the miR-196a2 rs11614913 with T1DM. Relative expression of miR-196a2 showed significant decrease in patients compared to controls (median = 0.09, 0.5, interquartile range [IQR] = 0.03–1.6, 0.1–2.1). However, miR-196a2 expression showed no significant difference between different rs11614913 genotypes (p = 0.5). Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that miR-196a rs11614913 is associated with T1DM and decreased expression of miR-196a2 may play a role in pathogenesis of T1DM.
A SHORT SURVEY ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF AEDES SPP IN UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA KELANTAN IN RELATION TO DENGUE VIRUS

Aedes has become the most significant public health concern in Malaysia due to dengue fever disease. As Aedes vectors are expanding their geographical distribution, the population dynamics of the adult mosquitoes are highly significant in areas where dengue is prevalent. The objective of this study was to conduct a short survey on the abundance of Aedes mosquito in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Health campus and its relation to dengue virus. Two areas were selected in the campus as sampling location: hostel, and Hospital USM area. The mosquitoes were reared from field collected eggs and the number of adult, species, and sex of mosquitos produced were recorded. RT-PCR analysis was performed on mosquito population from Hospital USM sampling area for dengue virus detection. Results showed that Ae. albopictus was the predominant species in both sampling areas. A spatial and ecological coexistence of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were observed in Hospital USM area. However, there was no population of Ae. aegypti recorded in the hostel area. Analysis of RT-PCR on samples showed that one pool from Ae. albopictus samples was positive for dengue virus. Although Ae. albopictus has long been considered as a secondary vector in dengue virus transmission in Malaysia and Southeast Asia, the increasing abundance of Ae. albopictus should be of particular concern in the absence of Ae. aegypti as the former vector could potentially evolve to become the primary vector for transmitting dengue virus in a peri-domestic area. Azlinda et al. 2018 Health and the Environment Journal, 2018, Vol. 9, No. 1 pp 35-50 36
Association between respirable dust exposure and respiratory health among cement workers

Introduction: Cement industry contributes to the major constituent of airborne dust in the atmosphere. This study aims to determine the level of respirable cement dust exposure associated with workers’ respiratory health. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 84 administration workers as the comparative group and 84 manufacturing workers as the exposed group. Method: A set of validated questionnaires was used to obtain some pertained background information as well as respiratory symptoms among the respondents. Personal Air Sampling Pump was used for assessing personal exposure towards cement dust in 8 hours. For lung function performance, a Spirometry test was carried out and Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FENO) test was conducted to assess airway inflammation. Results: The median for personal exposure level to respirable dust of manufacturing workers was 2.68 (5.90) mg/m3 with range 0.351 to 10.60 mg/m3. The lung function abnormality among the manufacturing workers was FVC% (PR=3.82, 95% CI=1.52-9.58) and FEV1% (PR=5.16, 95% CI=1.65-16.10). Cough was reported to occur the most likely among the manufacturing workers (PR=2.40, 95% CI=1.12-5.15). After adjusting the smoking status, the prevalence of phlegm and cough were 35.7% and 29.8% respectively. 16.7% of manufacturing workers recorded a high level of FENO. The increasing exposure to respirable dust significantly reduces the FVC% of manufacturing workers (r=-0.36, p=0.05). Conclusion: The personal exposure to respirable cement dust increases the risk of lung impairment by highly developing respiratory health symptoms, reducing lung function level and increasing the higher level of airway inflammation among highly exposed workers.