Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Virgo High-Resolution CO Survey: VI. Gas Dynamics and Star Formation along the Bar in NGC 4303

We present CO interferometer observations of the barred galaxy NGC 4303 (M 61). This galaxy has a strong gas concentration at the central region and prominent offset ridges at the leading sides of the bar. Sharp velocity gradients are apparent across the ridges. The brightness temperature in the ridges is low, indicating the existence of unresolved molecular clouds. Additionally, an analysis of the newborn stellar clusters revealed in HST images suggests that the parent molecular clouds had masses of 10 4–6 M� . The observed shear velocity gradient across the ridges is too small to break up giant molecular clouds. Therefore, the clouds are likely to survive passage through the ridges. We discuss a cloud orbit model in a bar potential for understanding the gas distribution, dynamics, and star formation in NGC 4303. The model reproduces the narrow offset ridges and sharp velocity gradients across the ridges, although no shock is associated with the ridges. We discuss cloud–cloud collisions (and close interactions) as a possible triggering mechanism for star formation. The newborn stellar clusters in NGC 4303 are located predominantly at the leading sides of the offset ridges. Cloud orbits are densely populated in the region where the clusters are found, suggesting a high collisional frequency and possibly a high rate of triggered star formation. Cloud-based dynamics is less dissipative than smooth hydrodynamic models, possibly extending the timescales of gas dynamical evolution and gas fueling to central regions in barred galaxies.
RESTRICCIÓN ALIMENTARIA EN POLLO DE ENGORDA PARA LA PREVENCIÓN DEL SÍNDROME ASCÍTICO Y SU EFECTO EN EL INGRESO NETO FEED RESTRICTION IN BROILER CHICKENS FOR THE PREVENTION OF ASCITES SYNDROME AND ITS EFFECT ON NET INCOME

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of two feed restriction (FR) programs on mortality from ascites syndrome (MAS) and on net income, Body weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), feeding efficiency (FE), total mortality and MAS were determined. In addition, in Experiment 2 carcass yield and abdominal fat (%) were assessed. The experimental design was completely randomized with repeated measurements of seven or eight periods (weeks) in both experiments. Two treatments (T) were evaluated: T1(&AL) (ad libitum feeding) and T2(&FR) a 25% FR relative to the intake of chicks in T 1(& & & &AL)
Genotoxic and chromatographic analyses of aqueous extracts of Peltodon longipes Kunth ex Benth. (hortelã-do-campo)

Peltodon longipes e utilizada como estimulante e emenagoga. Objetivou-se realizar analises genotoxica e cromatografica dos extratos de duas amostras de P. longipes, coletadas nos municipios de Santa Maria e Tupancireta, RS, Brasil. O teste de Allium cepa foi utilizado para analise da genotoxicidade e a cromatografia liquida de alta eficiencia, para determinacao dos compostos fenolicos. O experimento de genotoxicidade constou de nove grupos de quatro bulbos de A. cepa. Os bulbos foram enraizados em agua destilada e apos transferidos para os tratamentos, por 24 horas, permanecendo o controle negativo em agua. Os tratamentos foram: extratos aquosos nas concentracoes de 5 e 15 g L-1 de cada amostra, alem de quatro grupos tratados com glifosato 1%, um deles usado como controle positivo e outros tres para testar a recuperacao de danos ao DNA, utilizando agua e os extratos de P. longipes da amostra de Santa Maria. Todos os extratos de P. longipes demonstraram potencial antiproliferativo, porem o efeito foi significativamente maior para os extratos da amostra de Tupancireta. Essa amostra tambem apresentou maior quantidade de acido rosmarinico e canferol, o que pode estar relacionado com os efeitos encontrados nesses extratos. Somente extratos da amostra de Santa Maria demonstraram potencial genotoxico.
A New Method for the Prediction of Gibbs Free Energies of Formation of Hydrated Clay Minerals Based on the Electronegativity Scale

A new method for the prediction of Gibbs free energies of formation for hydrated clay minerals is proposed based on the parameter ΔGO= Mz+(clay) characterizing the oxygen affinity of the cation Mz+. The Gibbs free energy of formation from constituent oxides is considered as the sum of the products of the molar fraction of an oxygen atom bound to any two cations multiplied by the electronegativity difference defined by the ΔGO= Mz+(clay) between any two consecutive cations. The ΔGO= Mz+(clay) value, using a weighting scheme involving the electronegativity of a cation in a specific site (interlayer, octahedral, or tetrahedral) is assumed to be constant and can be calculated by minimization of the difference between experimental Gibbs free energies (determined from solubility measurements) and calculated Gibbs free energies of formation from constituent oxides. Results indicate that this prediction method compared to other determinations, gives values within 0.5% of the experimentally estimated values. The relationships between ΔGO= Mz+(clay) corresponding to the electronegativity of a cation in either interlayer or octahedral sites and known ΔGO= Mz+(aq) were determined, thereby allowing the prediction of the electronegativity of transition metal ions and trivalent ions in hydrated interlayer sites and octahedral sites. Prediction of Gibbs free energies of formation of any clay mineral with various ions located in the interlayer and with different cations in octahedral sites is possible. Examples are given for Al-rich montmorillonite from Aberdeen, transition element-exchanged montmorillonite, and Ni-rich stevensite, and the results appear excellent when compared to experimental values.
Auger recombination in narrow-gap semiconductor superlattices incorporating antimony

A comparison is performed between measured and calculated Auger recombination rates for four different narrow-gap superlattices based on the InAs/GaSb/AlSb material system. The structures are designed for optical or electrical injection for mid-infrared laser applications, with wavelengths ranging from 3.4 to 4.1 μm. The electronic band structures are computed employing an accurate 14-band restricted basis set (superlattice K⋅p) methodology that utilizes experimental information about the low-energy electronic structure of the bulk constituents. The superlattice band structures and their associated matrix elements are directly employed to compute Auger recombination rates. Varying amounts of Auger recombination suppression are displayed by the various superlattices as compared to bulk mid-infrared systems. The greatest disagreement between theory and experiment is shown for the structure predicted to have the most Auger suppression, suggesting the suppression is sensitive either to theoretical or growth u.
The effect of melatonin replacement and month of treatment after the winter solstice on the reproductive activity of two Mediterranean breeds of sheep

The present experiment assessed the effect of melatonin implants administered between the winter and the summer solstices on the LH release of Rasa Aragonesa and Assaf ewes kept in the absence of males at latitude 41°. Ovariectomized oestradiol-implanted Rasa Aragonesa and Assaf ewes received a single melatonin implant on either 1 January (M1, n = 6 and 4), 15 February (M2, n = 4 and 4), 1 April (M3, n = 4 and 5) or 15 May (M4, n = 4 Rasa Aragonesa, only). Four ewes of each breed did not receive a melatonin implant and were used as controls (C). Between 17 December and 10 September, blood samples were collected twice weekly and assayed for LH. Data from Assaf ewes C groups revealed a higher degree of sexual seasonality, which exhibited a delay in the onset of the reproductive season compared to Rasa Aragonesa ewes (1 September vs. 15 June; P = 0.06). Five Rasa Aragonesa and three Assaf ewes implanted in January responded to melatonin, either by delaying the end of seasonal anoestrus when compared to controls (10 March vs. 29 December and 21 March vs. 22 January, respectively; P < 0.01) or having a short reproductive season (31 days after implantation). Two Rasa Aragonesa and three Assaf ewes responded to melatonin implants on 15 February. None of four Rasa Aragonesa or four Assaf ewes that received melatonin implants on 1 April were induced to resume reproductive activity (P < 0.05 when compared to the M1 groups). These results confirm the efficacy of using melatonin implants shortly after the winter solstice to influence reproductive activity in Mediterranean ewes.
The Effect of Elements of Service Marketing Mix on Brand Equity, fromthe Customers Point of View (Case Study: Branches of Melli Bank inHamadan)

This study aimed at examining the impact of elements of service marketing mix on brand equity, from the customers’ point of view (Case study: branches of Melli Bank in Hamadan). And using descriptive-survey research method, and from both forms of data collection, library (the study of literature, articles and sites), and field studies (questionnaire), we addressed the evaluation of the relationship between the independent variable (service marketing mix) and its seven dimensions, including service’s nature, price, and distribution, promotion, personnel, physical evidences, and the banking procedures, with the dependent variable (that is, brand equity from the customers’ point of view). Due to the unlimited nature of the study population, who were the customers of branches of Melli Bank in Hamadan, using Cochran formula and the Morgan table, a sample of 384 people were selected for the study. In this study, a questionnaire was used to collect the data, and in the data analysis section, the simple linear regression analysis test was used to test hypotheses of the study. The results of the research showed that all of the hypotheses of the study have been accepted, and among the seven dimensions of the service marketing mix elements, promotion index, with the value of 0.675, has the highest impact on brand equity from the point of view of customers in the branches of Melli Bank in Hamadan.
Structural Transformation in Ethiopia: Evidence from Cereal Markets

We study cereal wholesale markets in Ethiopia in the last decade (2001–2011), a period that has been characterized by important local changes affecting agricultural markets, including strong economic growth, urbanization, improved road and communication infrastructure, an increase in importance of cooperatives and commercial farms, and a doubling in commercial surplus. We find that these changes are associated with significant declines in real price differences between supplying and receiving markets, in cereal milling margins, as well as in retail margins. Important improvements have thus happened in the last decade in Ethiopia’s food marketing system, traditionally identified as a major cause of food security problems in the country.
Preferences of Young People in the Use of Facebook as a Health Education Tool for HPV

Abstract The accessibility and popularity of social networks makes them appropriate tools for promotion and prevention interventions in health, reaching a large audience with greater efficiency. One of its most attractive features is interaction, which not only allows great diffusion of the messages, but also supplies them with greater interest and credibility. Platforms such as Facebook are very popular among young people, a high risk group for Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection due to ignorance, prejudice and sexual behavior that is risked and active. The objective of this research is to know the preferences and attitudes of young people towards (1) interaction and (2) type of information about HPV on Facebook. Increasing our knowledge in this area will help to make interventions in this field more useful. Through a questionnaire validated in previous research, was made a cross-sectional descriptive study of the preferences of 120 young universities in the use of facebook as a tool for health promotion about HPV. More than half of the participants would follow a page on the HPV to be informed and share information on prevention, vaccines and campaigns. The preferred resources were: multimedia, testimonials and articles by specialists. They prefer to “share” to “create themselves” messages. A group of subjects who reject the use of the tool is detected, arguing that they would not do it for (1) a lack of interest, (2) because people can relate them personally to the sickness or (3) for possible bugs and criticisms.
Neonatal Chikungunya - A Case Series

Background: After 32years, the reemergence of Chikungunya infection was reported in India in the year 2006. During this phase, vertical transmission of the disease was also noted. Methodology: A prospective study of neonatal chikungunya was done and the presentation and biochemical parameters were studied. Results: We had a total of 8 cases of vertically transmitted disease. Majority presented with features of encephalopathy and during the course of the disease all developed perioral hyperpigmentation which later spread to other parts of the body. Conclusion: Vertical transmission of chikungunya should be among the differential diagnosis when a newborn presents with features of encephalopathy and perioral hyperpigmentation, especially in an endemic area. Perioral hyperpigmentation can be considered as the hallmark of vertically transmitted chikungunya infection.
Developing digital fieldwork technologies at the British Geological Survey

Abstract Geological Surveys are faced with budget constraints and calls for efficiency gains; the effective application of digital techniques is often seen as a route to meeting these demands while increasing the value of outcrop studies and reducing the inherent subsurface uncertainty. The British Geological Survey may be the oldest national Survey in the world (established in 1835); however, developing and implementing new, innovative and efficient technologies for fieldwork is a high priority. Efficient tools for capturing, integrating, manipulating and disseminating outcrop data and information are imperative to enable geoscientists to increase their understanding of geological processes and therefore to reduce subsurface uncertainty and risk. Systems for capturing structured digital field data and for visualizing and interacting with large datasets are increasingly being utilized by geoscientists in the UK and internationally. Augmented reality and unmanned aerial vehicles are amongst the developing technologies being explored for future operational implementation. This paper describes the digital field mapping (BGS·SIGMAmobile) and visualization (GeoVisionary) systems and refers to a case study outlining their contribution to reducing uncertainty and risk in hydrocarbon exploration.
EVALUATION OF FRIESIAN HOLSTEIN GRADE COWS FERTILITY BASED THE LEVEL OF MILK UREA

This study was conducted to evaluate fertility grade of Friesian Holstein cows based on milk urea levels. A number of eight cows which fulfill the criteria of not pregnant and in second to sixth lactation, produced milk of 2.5 liters/day, and body weight ranging from 400-450 kg were used in this research. The cows were given fodder that consisted of 30 kg of forage and 10 kg of a mixture of concentrate (pollard, pulp out, and molasses), in the morning and afternoon. Milk and blood samples were taken once a week for five weeks in the morning before fed. Milk urea levels were measured using the urea FS (DiaSys) and blood samples were tested using enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) with the progesterone hormone kit (DRG, Germany). The variables measured were pregnancy rate, service per conception (S/C), days open, and progesterone levels. Reproduction and milk urea levels data were analyzed by linear regression to determine the relationship between two variables. Progesterone data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the average calving interval, days open, and S/C were 607.5±170.27 days; 341.25±187.65 days; and 2.41±2.32 days, respectively. The average of milk urea levels was 14.16±2.55 mg/dL. Regression analysis showed a significant effect (P<0.05) and negative correlation between milk urea level and S/C. The average of non-pregnant progesterone hormone level was 12.04±7.13 ng/mL. In conclusion, the fertility grade of Friesian Holstein cows decreased when the milk urea level at 14.16 mg/dL and non-pregnant progesterone at 12.04±7.13 ng/mL.
Assessment of Dentists’ knowledge of Peri-Implant Inflammatory Diseases and Their Related Treatment in Rasht

Introdouction: Implants are considered to be a useful treatment for the replacement of lost teeth. Although the success rate and durability of implants are high, the prevalence of peri-implantitis is high as well. The purpose of this study was to analyze the knowledge of general practitioners in the city of Rasht in Northern Iran regarding peri-implantitis and its treatment. Materials and methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional research was conducted among general practitioners working in the city of Rasht. They were asked to fill out a questionnaire, which included two parts of personal information; and their knowledge about the peri-implantitis disease. Results: Of 100 general practitioners who filled out the questionnaires, between 23-88 % answered correctly with a mean of 54.1%. The knowledge of 6% of dentists was poor, 74% average, and 20% good. There was no meaningful connection between age, sex, and job experience of the dentists and their knowledge of peri-implantitis diseases. Conclusion: The rate of dentists’ knowledge in the city of Rasht regarding peri-implantitis diseases and their knowledge of treatment were average. Thus, continuous training sessions and workshops regarding peri-implantitis diseases are suggested for their improvement.
Identifying potential for fisheries-induced evolution on behavioral traits of a Skagerrak cod (Gadus morhua) population.

Fisheries activities and the development of more efficient fishing gear, have had detrimental effects in commercial stocks. This occurs largely as a result of negative selection acting on certain individuals during the harvesting process. Empirical observations show that fishing mortality and/or selective fishing pressure, leads to reductions in age and size at maturity of fish. Research shows that this is not only driven by phenotypic plasticity, but also by an evolutionary mechanism. Similarly, behavior is a trait subject to harvest selection and is subject to genetic changes at the population level. This is expected to have negative consequences derived from depletion of genotypes specialized to a particular food and habitat use. A loss of such adaptive capacity could potentially cause diminished resilience of the stock. The impact of fisheries on behavior has gained attention in the last decades but few approaches have studied wild commercial fish. The objective of the present work was to characterize the relationship between two behavioral variables related with fisheries and reproductive success to detect potential for harvest selection in behavior of Skagerrak cod. Contrary to what was expected, no relationship between the variables and reproductive success was found suggesting either, lack of potential or, poor sampling. Further experiments should consider the role of the area where the experimental fish come from and the capture methods used.
Extrapolation de spectre et variation totale pondérée

Etant donnee une image dont le spectre est connu sur un certain domaine, comment extrapoler ce spectre a un domaine plus etendu en limitant au maximum les effets de Gibbs sur l'image? Nous comparons deux formulations variationnelles classiques, le maximum d'entropie et la variation totale, avant de proposer une approche apparemment plus efficace reposant sur une ponderation non-locale de la variation totale.
Enhanching Kharif Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Yield and Quality in Entisol through Potassic Fertilizer Management

Potassium is one of the 3 main pillers of balanced fertilizer use, along with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Groundnut is a heavy feeder of potassium and an adequate supply of this nutrient is indispensable to harvest a good crop of groundnut. Potassium plays a vital role in maintaining balance in enzymatic, stomatal activity (water use), transport of sugars, water and nutrient and synthesis of protein, photosynthesis and starch thus K application increases growth and yield attributes in groundnut (Krauss and Jiyun 2000; Rathore et al., 2014). Out of large percentage of area in India, very little or no potassium (K) fertilizers are being applied and therefore it mainly comes from potassium reserves of the soil.
PROFESSIONAL INTEGRATION OF IMMIGRANT TEACHERS IN THE SCHOOL SYSTEM: A LITERATURE REVIEW

This literature review article investigates the professional integration of teachers recently immigrated to Canada and other western countries. Its findings reveal a number of obstacles to the integration of immigrant teachers into the teaching profession. The review summarizes different initiatives facilitating or hampering immigrant teachers’ access to employment and professional integration. It also notes that there is little research on teachers’ professional integration in Western French speaking countries in general, and more particularly in Quebec where these teachers are often relied upon because of the shortage of personnel in this profession.
A Simplified Design of Clamping System and Fixtures for Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium Alloys

Sound friction stir welds could be attained by using an active design of backing/clamping system with a proper selection of the welding parameters. This work presented a simplified design of fixtures and backing plates to be used for friction stir welding of aluminum alloys. The test-rig was constructed to prevent dispersal or lifting of the specimens throughout the joining process and to ensure uniform distribution of temperature along the plates. The workpieces were subjected to uniform lateral and vertical pressures by means of bolts and nuts. Compound backing plates and pressure bars with additional side plates were included to increase the heat sink. Several coupons of dissimilar aluminum alloys AA7075 and AA6061 were joined to inspect the validity of this design. The tests showed promising results with defects - free welds, good strength and smooth surface finish without geometric imperfection and gap creation between the welded specimens . Efficiency of the joint reached its maximum value of about 82% with respect to the ultimate strength of the AA6061 alloy at 1100 rpm rotation speed and 300 mm/min feed. These results encourage using and improving th e present design for future studies of friction stir welding