Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Employees’ Satisfaction Is It an Antecedent of Customers’ Satisfaction: An Empirical Study on the Five and Four Star Hotels in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Along eras, customers were considered the single reason for hotel properties to remain in business, and due to the fact that their satisfaction remained to be a crucial issue, both practitioners and academics address it with a special concern. Because customers can easily perceive the enthusiasm and the positive energy of those employees in terms of their willingness to provide them with an enjoyable memorable experience, the founder of Marriott hotel chain stated “You can’t make happy guests with unhappy employees”. Therefore this study aims to investigate whether employees’ satisfaction can be viewed as an antecedent of customers’ satisfaction. An empirical study was conducted on the hotel industry in the Kingdom of Bahrain to investigate the relationship between employee and customer satisfaction as the impact of such relation in the hospitality industry is not quiet evidenced yet. The research adopts the analytical descriptive approach, utilizing two questionnaires addressed towards employees and customers to identify the impact of employees’ satisfaction on customers’ satisfaction. Data for this study was collected from employees and customers of five and four star hotels. The study traced the impact of employees’ satisfaction on customers’ satisfaction and results revealed high correlation between these variables. Empirical findings confirmed that pay and award as well as promotion have significant effect on customers’ satisfaction. Drawing from this finding, the research suggests for hotel practitioners to create employee engagement’s score and to correlate it to customer satisfaction score in one chart to manage this relationship. Keywords: Employees’ satisfaction, pay and award, supervision, working conditions, promotion, customers’ satisfaction, five and four star hotels.
Anatomical knowledge retention in physiotherapy students: A preliminary assessment

Address for Correspondence: Manisha R. Dayal, Anatomy Lecturer, School of Science & Health, Western Sydney University, Australia, 2751. E-Mail: M.Dayal@westernsydney.edu. au Introduction: Anatomical knowledge and understanding are key components of physiotherapy education and practice. Traditionally, anatomy has been taught as a foundation stream within the first year(s) of physiotherapy education. This curricular model is based on the assumption that further learning in subsequent years builds upon the knowledge gained in the early stages of the program. However, the retention rate in all basic sciences has often been called into question. In anatomy, several studies suggest that anatomy knowledge endures considerable attrition, highlighting the need for the evaluation of retention rates. This paper aimed at making a preliminary assessment of the knowledge and retention of anatomy among physiotherapy students. Materials and Methods: We used a carpal bone identification test and assessed 129 first year and 113 fourth year physiotherapy students. Results: 20% of the students managed to identify all bones while 47% were able to identify more than five bones. The best recognised bones were pisiform and scaphoid while the most difficult to identify were trapezium and trapezoid. Conclusion: Overall, first year students performed better than their fourth year counterparts which suggested attrition of anatomical knowledge. Educational strategies based on revision, integration and clinical application of anatomy could contribute towards the decrease of attrition of anatomical knowledge.
Dynamics of heterotrophic bacteria in temperate coastal waters: similar net growth but different controls in low and high nucleic acid cells

Heterotrophic bacteria in aquatic environments are almost universally distributed into 2 distinct flow cytometric clusters based on their relative nucleic acid content: low (LNA) and high (HNA). The dynamics and possible regulation processes of both subgroups in southern Bay of Biscay coastal waters were examined by comparing weekly measurements over 2 yr at a shallow environment (L’Arbeyal beach) with monthly samples at 3 continental shelf stations off Xixon (Spain). Similar seasonal variations of temperature and chlorophyll a characterized inshore and offshore waters. Total bacterial abundances were also similar in shallow and shelf waters (from 0.22 to 3.72 × 106 cells ml−1), with the most remarkable difference being the higher abundance and larger size of HNA bacteria at L’Arbeyal, probably related to greater substrate availability. There, apparent net growth rates estimated from coherent periods (6 to 26 wk) of sustained increase or decrease (−0.02 to 0.04 d−1) were similar for LNA and HNA cells, although related to different factors. LNA bacteria net growth rates were strongly positively correlated with temperature (r = 0.95, p < 0.01, n = 6) and negatively with chlorophyll a (r = −0.90, p = 0.01, n = 6), supporting the hypothesis that they are independent from phytoplankton, which was recently suggested for this and other coastal sites using different approaches. We also show an opposite relationship between cell size and apparent net growth rates of LNA and HNA bacteria, providing further evidence of fundamentally different ecological roles.
Factors affecting the adoption of social network sites: examining four adopter categories of Singapore's working adults

Adapted from Chang et al.'s (2006) models, this study examines factors that influence adoption and non-adoption of social network sites (SNS) in adopters (Continuers, Discontinuers) and non-adopters (Potentials, Resistors). Chi-square and t-test were used to analyze the survey data of Singapore's working adults and Internet users (N =222). The findings reveal innovation characteristics (relative advantage, compatibility, complexity) and perceived popularity differ significantly in three pairs of adopter categories. Results show Continuers and Potentials are concerned more about image than Discontinuers and Resistors, while technology cluster differs between adopter vs. non-adopter and Continuers vs. Discontinuers. Moreover, the study suggests younger people tend to adopt SNSs, females continue to use SNSs more, and potential SNS users are more innovative. Lastly, a regression model to forecast the adoption of SNSs is proposed in which age, compatibility, technology cluster, and perceived popularity are predictors.
A Ranking of Hydrological Signatures Based on Their Predictability in Space

Hydrological signatures are now used for a wide range of purposes, including catchment classification, process exploration, and hydrological model calibration. The recent boost in the popularity and number of signatures has however not been accompanied by the development of clear guidance on signature selection. Here we propose that exploring the predictability of signatures in space provides important insights into their drivers and their sensitivity to data uncertainties and is hence useful for signature selection. We use three complementary approaches to compare and rank 15 commonly used signatures, which we evaluate in 600+ U.S. catchments from the Catchment Attributes and MEteorology for Large‐sample Studies (CAMELS) data set. First, we employ machine learning (random forests) to explore how attributes characterizing the climatic conditions, topography, land cover, soil, and geology influence (or not) the signatures. Second, we use simulations of the Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting model to benchmark the random forest predictions. Third, we take advantage of the large sample of CAMELS catchments to characterize the spatial autocorrelation (using Moran's I) of the signature field. These three approaches lead to remarkably similar rankings of the signatures. We show (i) that signatures with the noisiest spatial pattern tend to be poorly captured by hydrological simulations, (ii) that their relationship to catchments attributes are elusive (in particular they are not well explained by climatic indices), and (iii) that they are particularly sensitive to discharge uncertainties. We suggest that a better understanding of the drivers of hydrological signatures and a better characterization of their uncertainties would increase their value in hydrological studies.
Molecular Characterization of a Catalase Gene (VsCat) from Vicia sativa

In plants, catalases are encoded by a multigene family and are predominantly localized in the peroxisomes and glyoxysomes for scavenging H2O2. A full-length cDNA encoding Catalase (VsCat) was isolated from Vicia sativa using RT-PCR. The cDNA consisted of 1485 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 494 amino acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 57.03 kDa and an estimated pI of 6.56. The predicted protein was highly homologues to other catalases from legume plants and contained typical catalytic active site, calmodulin binding domain, and internal peroxisomal targeting signal. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that VsCat is evolutionary close to faba bean and pea Cat1. The expression patterns of VsCat under different abiotic stresses and exogenous phytohormones were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Compared to control plants, VsCat was differentially up-regulated in response to abiotic stresses and phytohormones. The expression analysis suggested that VsCat is involved in different abiotic stress responses. In future experiment, transgenic plants overexpressing VsCat might be a good choice to increase tolerance of forage plants to environmental stresses.
Study of Hyaluronan Degradation by Means of Rotational Viscometry: Contribution of the Material of Viscometer

The molecular parameters of nine hyaluronan (HA) samples were determined by the method of size exclusion chromatography. The flow behaviour of the HA solutions was investigated by capillary and rotational viscometry. The dependences of the molecular mass on the radius of gyration or on the intrinsic viscosity number indicated that the HA samples investigated constitute a uniform set. Rotational viscometry during the measurements showed, however, a continual increase of the apparent viscosity of the HA solution. Addition of hydrogen peroxide into the solution in the metal cup brought a rapid loss of sample viscosity. These observations indicate that the material of rotational viscometer presumably influences the measurements.
PREPARING FOR AN AGE OF PARTICIPATORY NEWS

In a time of declining public trust in news, loss of advertising revenue, and an increasingly participatory, self-expressive and digital media culture, journalism is in the process of rethinking and reinventing itself. In this paper, the authors explore how journalism is preparing itself for an age of participatory news: a time where (some of) the news is gathered, selected, edited and communicated by professionals and amateurs, and by producers and consumers alike. Using materials from case studies of emerging participatory news practices in the Netherlands, Germany, Australia and the United States, the authors conclude with some preliminary recommendations for further research and theorize early explanations for the success or failure of participatory journalism.
Effect of cerium on growth, dry matter production, biochemical constituents and enzymatic activities of cowpea plants [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]

Abstract A pot culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of various concentrations of cerium provided as cerium nitrate (0.713, 3.568, 17.841, 89.206 and 446.030 µM) on the growth performance, dry matter production, biochemical constituents and enzymatic activity of cowpea plants [ Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ]. Low concentra -tions of cerium were observed to be beneficial for the test plants. A positive correla-tion was observed between a lower level of cerium (0.713-17.841 µM) and foliar chlorophyll content, relative yield (dry matter) and nitrate reductase activity. Higher levels of cerium (89.206-446.030 µM) significantly increased the proline content and polyphenol oxidase activity of the test plants. Root growth was more adversely affected than shoot growth. Keywords: Cerium; enzymatic activity; foliar chlorophyll content; free proline con-tent; Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Abbreviations: NR, Nitrate reductase; NiR, Nitrite reductase; PPO, Polyphenol oxidase; REEs, Rare earth elements; ROS, Reactive oxygen species.
The Relationship between Iranian EFL Learners' Academic Self-schemas and Their Willingness to Communicate

This study examined how Iranian EFL learners' level of academic self-schema is related to their willingness to communicate (WTC). To this end, 243 female undergraduate EFL university students from Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch (convenience sampling) completed two questionnaires, namely, a WTC and a researcher-made self-schema questionnaire. The latter questionnaire was developed based on two types of self-schemas, namely, entity and incremental. Entity self-schema regard ability as fixed or unchangeable while incremental self-schema regards it as improvable and changeable in future. Correlation results (r=0.380, p<0.000) indicated a statistically moderate but significant relationship between self-schema and WTC scores. To measure the predictability of WTC scores on the basis of the two levels of self-schema scores, a linear regression was calculated. The entity R value (0.165) illustrates a low correlation between entity self-schema and WTC while the incremental R value (0.516) shows a moderate correlation between the incremental self-schema scores and WTC. It means that 26.6% of the WTC can be predicted by the incremental self-schema scores. The findings of the present study showed that the incremental self-schema can be an important factor in the EFL learners' willingness to communicate because it is related to choices and actions that affect learning.
Modeling the impact of forecast-based regime switches on macroeconomic time series

Forecasts of key macroeconomic variables may lead to policy changes of governments, central banks and other economic agents. Policy changes in turn lead to structural changes in macroeconomic time series models. To describe this phenomenon we introduce a logistic smooth transition autoregressive model where the regime switches depend on the forecast of the time series of interest. This forecast can either be an exogenous expert forecast or an endogenous forecast generated by the model. Results of an application of the model to US inflation shows that (i) forecasts lead to regime changes and have an impact on the level of inflation; (ii) a relatively large forecast results in actions which in the end lower the inflation rate; (iii) a counterfactual scenario where forecasts during the oil crises in the 1970s are assumed to be correct leads to lower inflation than observed.
Code and data files for "Inflation and Output Dynamics in a Model with Labor Market Search and Capital Accumulation"

In a sticky-price model with labor market search and habit persistence, Walsh (2005) shows that inertia in the interest rate policy helps to reconcile the inflation and output persistence with empirical observations for the US economy. We show that this finding is sensitive with regard to the introduction of capital formation. While we are able to replicate the findings for the inflation inertia in a model with capital adjustment costs and variable capacity utilization, the output response to an interest shock is found to be too large and no longer hump-shaped in this case. In addition we find that the response of output to a technology shock can only be reconciled with empirical findings if either the adjustment of the utilization rate is very costly or there is only a modest amount of nominal rigidity in the economy.
Evidence of a Non-universal Stellar Initial Mass Function. Insights from HST Optical Imaging of Six Ultra-faint Dwarf Milky Way Satellites

Using deep observations obtained with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), we demonstrate that the sub-solar stellar initial mass function (IMF) of six ultra-faint dwarf Milky Way satellites (UFDs) is more bottom light than the IMF of the Milky Way disk. Our data have a lower-mass limit of ∼0.45 M⊙, while the upper limit is ∼0.8 M⊙, set by the turnoff mass of these old, metal-poor systems. If formulated as a single power law, we obtain a shallower IMF slope than the Salpeter value of −2.3, ranging from −1.01 for Leo IV to −1.87 for Boötes I. The significance of these deviations depends on the galaxy and is typically 95% or more. When modeled as a log-normal, the IMF fit results in a higher peak mass than in the Milky Way disk, but a Milky Way disk value for the characteristic system mass (∼0.22 M⊙) is excluded at only 68% significance, and only for some UFDs in the sample. We find that the IMF slope correlates well with the galaxy mean metallicity, and to a lesser degree, with the velocity dispersion and the total mass. The strength of the observed correlations is limited by shot noise in the number of observed stars, but future space-based missions like the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) will enhance both the number of dwarf Milky Way satellites that can be studied in such detail and the observation depth for individual galaxies.
Fiscal multipliers are not necessarily that large: a comment on Eggertsson (2010)

This paper comments on Eggertsson (2010a) who argued that some fiscal policy measures like an increase in government spending or sales tax cut can be very effective in the recent peculiar environment of zero Federal Funds rate in the US. In particular, we show that the size of multipliers depends on the type of factor market structure (economy-wide or specific) we assume. Regarding the robustness of the results of Eggertsson (2010a) we argue that multipliers under zero nominal interest rate are a magnitude higher than those with positive interest only if the fiscal stimulus is sufficiently long (around ten years under specific labor market). Our work confirms and extends the results of Christiano (2010) who questioned the quantitative nature of the wage tax hike multiplier of Eggertsson (2010a).
Under-five child mortality in Bangladesh: Classical and Bayesian approaches to Cox proportional hazard model

This study examines the determinants of under-five child mortality in Bangladesh using the data extracted from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 2011 and 2014. Product-Limit method and Log-Rank test have been used for bivariate analysis. Cox proportional hazard model has been employed under both classical and Bayesian approaches. Cox regression analysis reveals that region (Barisal and Sylhet), maternal education (higher education), mother’s membership of NGO have significant impact on child mortality. The results obtained using Bayesian Cox PH model are almost similar except one key finding. Under Bayesian analysis, child’s size at birth appeared as potential determinant of under-five mortality whereas it has insignificant effect on child survival when classical Cox model has been applied. Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 30(1&2): 45-54, December-2017
Implications of Bell Inequality Violations Abandonment of local realism or lack of a common probability space

This thesis discusses the implications of violations of Bell’s inequalities in experiments. The question is asked whether these violations invalidate local hidden variable theories. Starting with the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox, an overview is given of the derivation of dierent types of Bell inequalities. Relevant experiments are discussed, and the assumptions necessary to connect the inequalities with the experimental outcomes are considered. A connection is made to probability theory, and it is investigated whether this gives an oppertunity for a new class of possible local hidden variable theories.
Evaluation of Sustainability of Current Account Deficits in Turkey

Sustainability of the current account deficits in Turkey was evaluated according to the macroeconomic fundamentals together with discussing the composition of current account deficit and the way of financing to have insights about the future path of current account balance. Problem about current account deficits were considered as structural since they were caused by foreign trade deficits largely as an outcome of dependence of production and exports on imported intermediate goods. Furthermore, there were negative developments about the way of financing in last years that share of debt instruments in financing has increased against Foreign Direct Investment. As a result, it has seen that Turkey would continue to have current account deficits in the next years and sustainability of these deficits has become increasingly difficult.
Using a Random-Effects Model to Test Differing Conceptualizations of Multidimensional Constructs

Previous work investigating the dimensionality of psychological constructs has assumed a fixed-effects model, in which one true correlation describes the relationship between two given dimensions. We challenge this assumption by showing how a random-effects model may aid in representing individual perceptions of multidimensional constructs. Using the Pay Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ), we demonstrate that the relationships that individuals hold between the (purported) dimensions of the PSQ are predictable by cognitive complexity, pay level satisfaction, pay level, and interactions; we also show how between-dimension variation assists in establishing criterion-related validity.
Exploring the Influence of Psychological Distance on Ethical Judgment of Hospitality Workers

To explore the ethical decision making behavior from individual point of view becomes one of the major trends among ethics researches. This study tries to explore the impact of psychological distance toward the individual ethical judgement based on the Construal Level Theory (CLT). This study adopted experiment design method to explain the psychological distance of CLT by taking its four dimensions (temporal distance, spatial distance, social distance and hypothetical distance) as manipulating variables, and to investigate hospitality employees when confronted with various situations, whether and how psychological distances would influence their ethical judgement. This study constructed ethical dilemma scenarios of eight different psychological distances. We collected 147 subjects that were asked to made their ethical judgement after reading different ethical dilemma scenarios. Results showed that a significant difference of ethical judgement was showed under spatial distance and hypothetical distance, but temporal distance and social distance. The reason for this may be whether the matter relates to oneself or to the less likely chance of luck, and that the subject will have different judgments about the ethical behavior in different contexts.