Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Financial Ratios on Financial Distress Conditions in Sub Industrial Sector Company

This study aimed to analyze the influence of financial ratios proxied by the current ratio, the retained earnings to total assets, earnings before interest and tax to total assets, return on equity, debt to assets ratio, and total assets turnover against Financial distress. The population in this study is a sub company of various industry listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the period from 2013 to 2015 with the number of 40 companies. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique and acquired 35 companies with 105 units of analysis. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and logistic regression. These results indicate that earnings before interest tax to total assets and return on equity have an impact on financial distress. While the current ratio, the retained earnings to total assets, debt to assets ratio, and total assets turnover has no influence on the financial company’s distress. The conclusion of this research is that the company’s financial distress condition can be avoided by reducing the financing coming from debt. In addition, increasing sales and maximizing the use of assets and equities that companies have can also reduce and avoid the company from financial distress.
Electron microscopy studies on the quaternary structure of p53 reveal different binding modes for p53 tetramers in complex with DNA

The multidomain homotetrameric tumor suppressor p53 has two modes of binding dsDNA that are thought to be responsible for scanning and recognizing specific response elements (REs). The C termini bind nonspecifically to dsDNA. The four DNA-binding domains (DBDs) bind REs that have two symmetric 10 base-pair sequences. p53 bound to a 20-bp RE has the DBDs enveloping the DNA, which is in the center of the molecule surrounded by linker sequences to the tetramerization domain (Tet). We investigated by electron microscopy structures of p53 bound to DNA sequences consisting of a 20-bp RE with either 12 or 20 bp nonspecific extensions on either end. We found a variety of structures that give clues to recognition and scanning mechanisms. The 44- and 60-bp sequences gave rise to three and four classes of structures, respectively. One was similar to the known 20-bp structure, but the DBDs in the other classes were loosely arranged and incompatible with specific DNA recognition. Some of the complexes had density consistent with the C termini extending from Tet to the DNA, adjacent to the DBDs. Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments detected the approach of the C termini towards the DBDs on addition of DNA. The structural data are consistent with p53 sliding along DNA via its C termini and the DNA-binding domains hopping on and off during searches for REs. The loose structures and posttranslational modifications account for the affinity of nonspecific DNA for p53 and point to a mechanism of enhancement of specificity by its binding to effector proteins.
Recruitment of different subsets of antigen‐presenting cells selectively modulates DNA vaccine‐elicited CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte responses

The immunogenicity of plasmid DNA vaccines may be limited by the availability of professional antigen‐presenting cells (APC) at the site of inoculation. Here we demonstrate that the types of APC recruited to the injection site can selectively modulate CD4+ or CD8+ T lymphocyte responses elicited by an HIV‐1 Env DNA vaccine in mice. Coadministration of plasmid GM‐CSF with the DNA vaccine resulted in the recruitment of macrophages to the site of inoculation and specifically augmented vaccine‐elicited CD4+ T lymphocyte responses. In contrast, coadministration of plasmid MIP‐1α with the DNA vaccine resulted in the recruitment of dendritic cells to the injection site and enhanced vaccine‐elicited CD8+ T lymphocyte responses. Interestingly, coadministration of both plasmid GM‐CSF and plasmid MIP‐1α with the DNA vaccine recruited both macrophages and dendritic cells and led to a synergistic and sustained augmentation of CD4+and CD8+ T lymphocyte responses. These data demonstrate the critical importance of locally recruited professional APC in determining the magnitude and nature of immune responses elicited by plasmid DNA vaccines. Moreover, these studies show that different subsets of professional APC can selectively modulate DNA vaccine‐elicited T lymphocyte responses.
A qualitative study of shift handover practice and function from a socio-technical perspective.

BACKGROUND A qualitative study of shift handover practice and function from a socio-technical perspective Background. Shift handover plays a pivotal role in the continuity of patient care in 24-hour nursing contexts. The critical nature of this communication system is recognized within the literature and by the nursing profession; however, there are few in-depth studies. The rationale for this study is to gain a better understanding of handover practices and functions and their implications for effectiveness. METHOD Handover systems on two very different paediatric wards were selected as case studies. In each case, 20 handovers were observed and audio-taped and 12 individual and two-group interviews with nursing staff about handover were also conducted. Analysis involved categorizing the data and characterizing handover practices and functions using an inductive approach to generate qualitative themes. The ethics committees of the hospital and the university approved the research. All involved were fully informed about the study, with confidentiality maintained throughout. RESULTS Handover practices are distributed over time, socially among the staff and technologically through a range of artifacts, while the system also accomplishes informational, social and educational functions. Handover effectiveness is characterized by flexibility in managing competing demands and tensions, such as maintaining confidentiality while practising family centred care. There are limitations in how far the findings can be generalized to other nursing contexts, and the possible effects of the researcher's presence are also recognized. CONCLUSIONS Handover is a complex system based on several sound socio-technical principles and the value of this nurse-to-nurse communication should be acknowledged. The multiple functions highlight the knowledge and expertise currently hidden within handover, which could be promoted in terms of nursing professionalism.
Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part II. Posterior clinoids to the foramen magnum.

OBJECT Transsphenoidal approaches have been used for a century for the resection of pituitary and other sellar tumors. Recently, however, the standard endonasal approach has been expanded to provide access to other parasellar lesions. With the addition of the endoscope, this expansion has significant potential for the resection of skull base lesions. METHODS The anatomical landmarks and surgical techniques used in expanded (extended) endoscopic approaches to the clivus and cervicomedullary junction are reviewed and presented, accompanied by case illustrations of each segment (or module) of approach. The caudal portion of the midline anterior skull base and the cervicomedullary junction is divided into modules of approach: the middle third of the clivus, its lower third, and the cervicomedullary junction. Case illustrations of successful resections of lesions via each module of the approach are presented and discussed. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic expanded endonasal approaches to caudally located midline anterior skull base and cervicomedullary lesions are feasible and hold great potential for decreased morbidity. The effectiveness and appropriate use of these techniques must be evaluated by close examination of outcomes as case series expand.
Acute poison exposure in the emergency department: a 2-year study in a university hospital.

BACKGROUND Pattern of acute poison exposure varies in the different areas. The information will be useful for prevention. OBJECTIVE To evaluate pattern, severity and clinical outcome of acute poison exposure in the Emergency Department of a University Hospital in Thailand. MATERIAL AND METHOD Medical records of all acute poison exposure cases, presented the Emergency Department of Thammasat University Hospital between October 1, 2006 and September 30, 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, exposure time, agents, route and cause of exposure, clinical course and outcome were analyzed. RESULTS Of the total 76,805 Emergency Department visits, 1112 cases were related to acute poison exposures, which were accounted for 1.4%. Sixty-five percents were female. Patients whom their ages ranging from 21 to 40 years old showed the highest rate of acute poison exposures. Intentional and unintentional exposures accounted for 52.7% and 44.9%, respectively. Intentional exposure was the major cause of exposure in the age group of 11-40 years, while unintentional exposure was the major cause of exposure in children. Pharmaceutical products (38.1%) were the most common category of substances involved in acute poison exposure followed by bites and stings (31.7%) and household products (17.6%). The substances most frequently involved were acetaminophen (17.7%) and toilet cleaning agents (12.3%). Fifty-six (5%) cases developed severe clinical course and three (0.27%) patients died. Pesticide and toilet cleaning agents were responsible for all these fatalities. CONCLUSION Acetaminophen and toilet cleaning agents were commonly involved in acute poison exposure. Pesticide and toilet cleaning agents caused severe morbidity and mortality. Unintentional exposure was the major cause of exposure in children. Public education regarding the danger of these agents and prevention of the poison exposure in children should be emphasized.
One Stop Shopping as a regime: a crowdsourced analysis of integrated environmental approval policy

ABSTRACT Project developers face stringent environmental assessments and project approvals at multiple tiers of government. In order to streamline approvals, the Australian government is executing its strategic One Stop Shop (OSS) policy to integrate environmental approvals at the state–territory tier of government. This study crowdsourced diverse public opinion to develop an understanding of the required regulatory changes, and problems and pitfalls, associated with the OSS policy. Regime theory was used to frame the research and show that robust and repeatable approvals processing, convergent regulations and laws, open access to environmental data, and a single national list of threatened species may pave the way for improved approvals. In addition, OSS approvals assurance will be a critical factor if the policy prescription is to succeed. Stakeholders also expressed heightened concerns over weakened federal environmental approvals oversight and standards enforcement, increased approval uncertainty and limited efficiency improvements. The study commended closer federal and state–territory collaboration and co-operation, use of third-party facilitation of approvals processing and an enhanced guidance for community engagement and social impact analyses as aids for policy implementation.
Establishment of Korean prostate cancer database by the Korean Urological Oncology Society

Purpose Despite the necessity, to date, no detailed database of prostate cancer, especially one that includes clinicopathological data, has been created in Korea. For that reason, the Korean Urological Oncology Society (KUOS) decided to create the Korean Prostate Cancer Database (KPCD). Materials and Methods The KPCD program was introduced in 2010. After considering regional distribution, a total of 20 hospitals participated in the KPCD. The Database consists of 4 domains (demographic, pretreatment, treatment, and follow-up data) and 135 variables. Results In total, 7,608 men with prostate cancer between 2000 and 2010 were registered in the KPCD. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 67.6±7.7 years. The mean PSA at diagnosis was 74.0±366.9 ng/mL, and the proportions of patients with Gleason scores of ≤6, 7, and 8–10 were 37.0%, 26.7%, and 34.2%, respectively. At diagnosis, 62.3% of the patients had localized tumors, 14.6% had regional, 12.8% had distant, and 10.4% cases were from unknown diseases. With regards to the initial treatment modality employed, 1.3% of patients were managed with active surveillance, 62.1% underwent surgery, 4.3% underwent radiotherapy, 27.1% had androgen deprivation therapy, and 5.2% underwent unknown therapies. The 5-year cancer-specific survival rate of patients in the KPCD was 98.6% in the localized stage, 94.8% in the regional stage, 74.7% in the distant stage, and 86.9% in the unknown stage. Conclusions The KUOS created a relatively successful database of patients with prostate cancer in Korea. The KPCD will continue to improve the availability of data regarding prostate cancer.
Patterns of human genetic variation inferred from comparative analysis of allelic mutations in blood group antigen genes

Comparative analysis of allelic variation of a gene sheds light on the pattern and process of its diversification at the population level. Gene families for which a large number of allelic forms have been verified by sequencing provide a useful resource for such studies. In this regard, human blood group‐encoding genes are unique in that differences of cell surface traits among individuals and populations can be readily detected by serological screening, and correlation between the variant cell surface phenotype and the genotype is, in most cases, unequivocal. Here, we perform a comprehensive analysis of allelic forms, compiled in the Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation database, of ABO, RHD/CE, GYPA/B/E and FUT1/2 gene families that encode the ABO, RH, MNS, and H/h blood group system antigens, respectively. These genes are excellent illustrative examples showing distinct mutational patterns among the alleles, and leading to speculation on how their origin may have been driven by recurrent but different molecular mechanisms. We illustrate how alignment of alleles of a gene may provide an additional insight into the DNA variation process and its pathways, and how this approach may serve to catalog alleles of a gene, simplifying the task and content of mutation databases. Hum Mutat 32:1–9, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen is released from merozoite dense granules after erythrocyte invasion

Electron microscopy was used to study the fate of Plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen after merozoite invasion by using postembedding immunolabeling. The antigen was localized to small dense granules located centrally or laterally in free merozoites. In newly invaded erythrocytes, labeling was found in pockets of the parasitophorous vacuole space or in aggregates closely associated with the parasitophorous vacuole. These patterns indicate that ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen is contained in merozoite dense granules that are released after merozoite invasion and not via apical rhoptry ducts at the time of merozoite attachment.
Perceived HRM practices and organisational citizenship behaviour: a case study of a supply chain management solutions provider

This paper assesses the impact of perceived HRM practices on organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and whether leader membership exchange (LMX) mediates this relationship. The required research data were retrieved from four different departments within a logistics and supply chain management organisation. The results show that there is a significant relationship between the HRM practices as perceived by a subordinate and their level of organisational citizenship behaviour. The relationship that subordinates have with their frontline manager (LMX) acts as a significant mediator. In the final section, of this paper the findings are discussed and recommendations for future research and practical implications are given.
Biotechnology for Farmers Welfare and Poverty Reduction: Technologies, Impact and Policy Framework

Tools of biotechnology provide the chances of infusing a new round of technology into the agricultural sector of developing countries, for raising farmers income and for accelerating poverty reduction. This paper has examined the nature and adoption of biotechnologies, socio-economic impacts, regulatory frameworks and concerns for rising farm incomes, in a cross country perspective. The product development in biotech has been moving from just insect/herbicide resistance to breaking yield barriers, drought tolerance and quality enhancing traits; and just from three crops to 28 crops. Contrary to the standard narrative, the developing countries in 2016 accounted for a larger share of the area under genetically engineered (GE) crops. The public sector has been making inroads in developing biotech crops. Rigorous study of peerreviewed literature shows that GE crop cultivation has increased yields and net income, reduced pesticide usage, and helped conserve tillage. On the downside are instances of resistance development in pink bollworm in India and in weeds to glyphosate in other countries. Harnessing biotechnologies necessitate enabling policies like legal framework for biosafety, labelling and transboundary movement in consonance with Cartagena Protocol. Continuing consolidation, driven by higher needs of investments is transforming the seed sector and raises concerns for small-farm agriculture through “tragedy of the anti-commons”. The possible countervailing forces and ways to strengthen them have been discussed. The policy implications have been then drawn for utilization of opportunities in advancement of biotechnology for developing country agriculture.
Cerebral morphometric abnormalities in Tourette's syndrome

Article abstract—Although the pathologic substrate of Tourette's syndrome (TS) is unknown, studies have implicated subtle changes in the basal ganglia. To further investigate structural basal ganglia pathology in TS, we performed morphometric analyses of MRIs of 10 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for severity of TS but concordant for the presence of tic disorders (mean age, 16.3 years; range, 9 to 31 years). Right caudate volume was slightly but significantly reduced in the relatively more severely affected twins as a group compared with the less affected twins (mean difference = 6%, p < 0.01). Most of this difference was attributable to volume reduction in the anterior right caudate (p < 0.02), which was smaller in the more severely affected twin in nine of 10 twin sets. The mean volume of the left lateral ventricle was 16% smaller in the more severely affected twins than in the less severely affected twins (p < 0.01). The normal asymmetry of the lateral ventricles (left greater than right) was not present in the more severely affected twins, who had a trend toward a larger right lateral ventricle. Moreover, the difference within a pair in the degree of loss of the normal ventricular asymmetry correlated with the difference within a pair in the severity of the tic disorder (r = 0.75, p < 0.02). There were no other basal ganglia, ventricular volumetric, or asymmetry abnormalities. These findings partially replicate other MRI studies and suggest that subtle structural abnormalities in the CNS, particularly in the caudate, may play a role in the pathophysiology of TS. Because monozygotic twins are genetically identical, these structural abnormalities must reflect adverse environmental events.
Complementarity, Linkages between Firms, and the Effect of Entry Costs on Productivity

In a general equilibrium model where firms are heterogeneous in terms of productivity, we introduce differentiated goods in production that are not perfect substitutes, as well as intermediate inputs needed to produce those goods. We show that an increase in either the complementarity of differentiated goods or the share of intermediate inputs in gross output, significantly increases the negative effect of entry costs on total factor productivity (TFP) and output per worker. We also find that the effect of complementarity is quantitatively stronger. If we assume an empirically plausible value for the elasticity of substitution between differentiated goods, then the model considerably improves its ability to reproduce the observed negative relationship between entry costs and TFP or output per worker.
Influence of Task Combination on EEG Spectrum Modulation for Driver Workload Estimation

Objective: This study investigates the feasibility of using a method based on electroencephalography (EEG) for deriving a driver’s mental workload index. Background: The psychophysiological signals provide sensitive information for human functional states assessment in both laboratory and real-world settings and for building a new communication channel between driver and vehicle that allows for driver workload monitoring. Methods: An experiment combining a lane-change task and n-back task was conducted. The task load levels were manipulated in two dimensions, driving task load and working memory load, with each containing three task load conditions. Results: The frontal theta activity showed significant increases in the working memory load dimension, but differences were not found with the driving task load dimension. However, significant decreases in parietal alpha activity were found when the task load was increased in both dimensions. Task-related differences were also found. The driving task load contributed more to the changes in alpha power, whereas the working memory load contributed more to the changes in theta power. Additionally, these two task load dimensions caused significant interactive effects on both theta and alpha power. Conclusion: These results indicate that EEG technology can provide sensitive information for driver workload detection even if the sensitivities of different EEG parameters tend to be task dependent. Application: One potential future application of this study is to establish a general driver workload estimator that uses EEG signals.
Risk‐Sharing Matching and Moral Hazard

In this study we model the endogenous relationship formation between riskâ€ averse principals and agents in a CARAâ€ normal framework. Agents exert unobservable efforts to increase mean outputs and reduce risks. We show that riskâ€ reduction efforts are more important than meanâ€ increasing efforts in determining the matching patterns. Compared to cases without moral hazard, the agency problem in risk reduction induces more positiveâ€ assortative matchings.