Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary hydatidosis: surgical treatment and follow-up of 240 cases q

Objective : We review a series of 240 patients treated surgically for pulmonary hydatid cyst in our center between 1966 and 1988, assessing the results with our surgical technique, which involves a novel needle aspiration device designed by Professor D. Figuera, and postoperative treatment protocol. Patients and methods : The majority (60.4%) of the patients were from areas endemic for hydatid disease. The mean age of the patients at the time of the surgical procedure was 31 : 5 ^ 7 : 2 years (range: 4–70 years). A trocar-suction device was used for the needle aspiration of 276 (92%) of the 300 cysts encountered in the 240 patients. The remaining 24 cysts were removed integrally by means of different surgical techniques such as cyst enucleation, lobectomy, segmentectomy and atypical pulmonary resection. The residual cavity was treated by pericystectomy and eversion to the pleural surface in 238 cases (86.2%) and by capitonnage in 38 (13.7%). High vacuum suction ( 2 30 cm H 2 O) was employed in every case. Depending on when the procedure was performed, the patients were treated with mebendazole or albendazole according to the protocol designed by Bekhti. Results : Clinical assessment of the symptoms and plain chest X-ray led to the correct diagnosis in 228 cases (95%). In six (2.5%), imaging studies such as ultrasonography, computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance were required, and in the remaining six cases (2.5%), the diagnosis was established intraoperatively or in the subsequent histopathological study. One hundred and seventy patients (70.8%) presented a solitary lung cyst, while the remaining 70 (29.2%) were found to have multiple cysts in one or more lobes of one or both lungs. In addition, 45 patients (18.7%) presented hepatic cysts and 25 (10.4%) had cysts in other locations. After 18 years of follow-up, the survival rate was 94.6%. Of the surviving patients, 98.3% were free of pulmonary hydatid disease and 95.1% were free of hydatid disease. Conclusions : The trocar-suction device employed here for needle aspiration of hydatid cysts has demonstrated its efﬁcacy in preventing the rupture of the cyst and its possible dissemination. With its use, the parasite is eradicated and the residual cavity can be excised. q 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LIKUIDITAS DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP STRUKTUR MODAL PADA PERUSAHAAN TRANSPORTASI

ABSTRACT This research is aimed to find out the influence of profitability, liquidity and firm size to the capital structure both partial and simultaneous. In this research profitability is proxy by return on assets, liquidity is proxy by current ratio and firm size is proxy by natural logarithm from total asset. The research object is the transportation companies which are listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample collection technique has been done by using purposive sampling with the sampleshave been selected by using purposive sampling method and the samples are 7 transportation companies with the observation period in 2010-2014. The data source has been carried out by using multiple regressions analysis. Based on the result of the data process, it shows that profitability has significant and negative influence to the capital structure. Liquidity has significant but negative influence to the capital structure, it means that when thecompany liquidity is high,it will decrease their capital structure. Firm size has positive and insignificant influence to the capital structure. The result of the research shows that simultaneously profitability, liquidity, and firm size give influence to the capital structure. Keywords: profitability, liquidity, firm size and capital structure.
Evidence for a Role of Rho-like GTPases and Stress-activated Protein Kinase/c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (SAPK/JNK) in Transforming Growth Factor β-mediated Signaling*

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional factor that induces a wide variety of cellular processes which affect growth and differentiation. TGF-β exerts its effects through a heteromeric complex between two transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptors, the type I and type II receptors. However, the intracellular signaling pathways through which TGF-β receptors act to generate cellular responses remain largely undefined. Here, we report that TGF-β initiates a signaling cascade leading to stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) activation. Expression of dominant-interfering forms of various components of the SAPK/JNK signaling pathways including Rho-like GTPases, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase kinase 1 (MEKK1), MAPK kinase 4 (MKK4), SAPK/JNK, and c-Jun abolishes TGF-β-mediated signaling. Therefore, the SAPK/JNK activation contributes to TGF-β signaling.
Inconsistencies and Composition, and the Value Relevance of Non-GAAP Earnings of Red Chip Companies

We examine the relevance of non-GAAP earnings (NGE) reporting in annual reports in a less regulated and less intense information environment, the environment of Red Chip companies of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKSE). It also examines the relevance of reporting and measurement inconsistencies, and composition. Red Chip companies are mainland China companies that are controlled directly or indirectly by the Chinese government and listed in the HKSE. NGE are additional disclosures, and Red Chip companies are primarily listed in the HKSE to seek foreign investment. We find that adjusted results and EBITDA are common forms of NGE reporting, and tax, interest/financial cost, and gain/loss on investment are the main adjustment items used to derive NGE, not all firms make identical adjustments across years and there are variations in reporting across firms. GAAP earnings (GE) rather than NGE are value relevant. Adjustment inconsistencies influence the value relevance of reported NGE.
Equilibrium Effects of Pay Transparency

The discourse around pay transparency has focused on partial equilibrium effects: how workers rectify pay inequities through informed renegotiation. We investigate how employers respond in equilibrium. We study a model of bargaining under two‐sided incomplete information. Our model predicts that transparency reduces the individual bargaining power of workers, leading to lower average wages. A key insight is that employers credibly refuse to pay high wages to any one worker to avoid costly renegotiations with others. When workers have low individual bargaining power, pay transparency has a muted effect. We test our model with an event‐study analysis of U.S. state‐level laws protecting the right of private sector workers to communicate salary information with their coworkers. Consistent with our theoretical predictions, transparency laws empirically lead wages to decline by approximately 2%, and wage declines are smallest in magnitude when workers have low individual bargaining power.
Genetics of Methanococcus: possibilities for functional genomics in Archaea

Although the genomic sequences of a number of Archaea have been completed in the last three years, genetic systems in the sequenced organisms are absent. In contrast, genetic studies of the mesophiles in the archaeal genus Methanococcus have become commonplace following the recent developments of antibiotic resistance markers, DNA transformation methods, reporter genes, shuttle vectors and expression vectors. These developments have led to investigations of the transcription of the genes for hydrogen metabolism, nitrogen fixation and flagellin assembly. These genetic systems can potentially be used to analyse the genomic sequence of the hyperthermophile Methanococcus jannaschii, addressing questions of its physiology and the function of its many uncharacterized open reading frames. Thus, the sequence of M. jannaschii can serve as a starting point for gene isolation, while in vivo genetics in the mesophilic methanococci can provide the experimental systems to test the predictions from genomics.
The Effects of Ownership Structure on Operating Performance of Acquiring Firms in Emerging Markets

This paper determines the effect of ownership structure, governance mechanisms, and legal systems on long term operating performance of acquiring firms in emerging countries. The major finding is that the acquiring firms with controlling shareholders (especially holding ownership between 25%-30%) improve post acquisition operating performance over three years after transaction. Board composition indexes for acquiring firms in emerging countries are more influential to post acquisition performance than those of CEO position and block-holders. Value creating deals associate with higher quality accounting standards and superior investor protection of emerging market countries.
MANAJEMEN LABA TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SEBAGAI PEMODERASI

The objective of study was to provide empirical evidence of the influence of earnings management on corporatevalue. Managerial ownership affected the relationship between earning management with corporate values,and institutional ownership affected the relations between earning management to the corporate value.Thepopulation of this study was manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, the observa-tion period from the year 2008-2010. The technique used was purposive sample with the analysis method usedwas a simple regression for hypothesis one, and moderate analyst regression for hypotheses two and three. Thestudy found that earnings management had no effect on corporate value. Managerial ownership did not affectthe relationship between earnings management to corporate value. Institutional ownership affected the rela-tionship between earnings management to corporate value. Ownership of shares held by institutional partiescould weaken the influence of earnings management on corporate value. It was because the institutional own-ership could control the company more closely so that the possibility of management performed earningsmanagement could be reduced.
Failures in the detection of HIV p24 antigen with the Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo rapid test.

Correspondence Failures in the Detection of HIV p24 Antigen With the Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo Rapid Test TO THE EDITOR—We read with interest the report by Rosenberg et al [1], showing that the Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo rapid test (Combo RT), in a field evaluation using whole blood collected from at-risk persons, performed poorly in the detection of acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The authors mentioned 2 possible explanations for this low sensitivity: the time course of individuals included in the study and failures in the detection of p24 antigen (Ag), owing either to p24 Ag/antibody (Ab) bound forms, which are unsuitable for detecting p24 Ag in a rapid-test strip, or to a reduced ability to detect clade non-B strains. We conducted an evaluation study of the Combo RT in 119 dilutions of 66 cell-derived supernatant samples of various HIV-1 and HIV-2 subtypes and in 20 archived plasma samples from individuals with acute-phase HIV-1 infection (Table 1). Supernatant dilutions were prepared to obtain 3 p24 Ag concentration levels (100, 200, and 400 pg/ mL) and were then tested with a p24 Ag–specific assay (Innotest HIV Antigen mAB assay; Innogenetics) (threshold, 10 ng/mL p24 Ag) to determine the real p24 Ag concentrations. When the upper concentration of a supernatant gave a negative result, a specimen with the highest p24 Ag level (>1000 pg/mL) was tested when available. In addition, the limit of detection of the Combo RT was estimated using 2 reference standards: (1) the World Health Organization Ag standard (HIV-1 isolate, code NIBSC 90/636), prepared in 5 serial dilutions (2–5 IU/mL), and (2) the French national reference p24 Ag panel (SFTS 2007), including 5 dilutions ranging from 25 to 100 pg/mL. All dilutions were prepared in human negative plasma. The test's limit of detection was established after 6 independent readings, between 2.5 and 3 IU/mL with the World Health Organization standard as the reference, and between 40 and 50 pg/mL with the French standard, which is at least 2-fold higher than the limit of detection reported in the package insert (12.5–25 pg/mL). The overall sensitivity in supernatant samples was 21%, ranging from 0% for 6 HIV-1 group M Cell-Derived Supernatants by Subtype No. All Tested Samples 72–127 pg/mL Samples 169–290 pg/mL Samples 310–640 pg/mL Samples 3600–12 800 pg/mL Samples Positive, % Tested Positive Tested Positive Tested Positive Tested Positive A 5 9 3 0 1 0 4 2 1 …
Association of Short-term Complications With Procedures Through Separate Incisions During Total Ankle Replacement

Background: Surgeons disagree about the safety of adding adjuvant procedures requiring separate incisions during total ankle replacement (TAR). This study tested the hypothesis that complication rates for patients in the first year after TAR would be greater when combined with procedures through separate incisions. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on a consecutive series of 124 patients who underwent total ankle replacement between 2007 and 2013. Demographics, case-specific data, and postoperative complications over the first year were collected. A chi-square analysis was performed to compare differences in complication rates among patients with and without additional procedures requiring a separate incision. The average patient age was 67±10 years. Fourteen patients (11%) were diabetic and 2 patients (2%) were current smokers. Eighty-seven (70%) had prior trauma leading to arthritis. Ninety-seven (78%) cases used the Scandinavian Total Ankle Replacement (STAR), 16 (13%) Salto Talaris, and 11 (9%) In Bone implants. Ten (8%) cases were revisions. Excluding percutaneous Achilles lengthening, 35 of 124 patients (28%) had a total of 54 adjuvant procedures requiring a separate incision during TAR. These included 9 (7%) calcaneal osteotomies, 8 (6%) medial malleolar fixation, 6 (5%) subtalar fusions, 5 (4%) lateral ligament repair, 4 (3%) open Achilles lengthening, 4 (3%) removal of hardware, 2 (2%) first metatarsal osteotomy, and 8 other procedures. Results: Overall, 32 (26%) of the 124 patients had a complication, including 15 (12%) delayed wound healing, 6 (5%) malleolar fracture, and 11 other complications. At 1 year, 24 (27%) of 89 patients without additional incisions and 8 (23%) of 35 patients with additional incisions, excluding percutaneous Achilles lengthening, had any complication (P = .64). Discussion: This study did not demonstrate an association between additional procedures requiring a separate incision during TAR and early complications. Overall complication rates were similar to previously reported series of TAR. This study suggests that surgeons can add adjuvant procedures during TAR to improve alignment, stability, or treat adjacent segment arthritis without affecting short-term complication rates. The necessity or utility of these adjuvant procedures requires further study. Level of Evidence: Level III, comparative series.
Eye Bank–Prepared Femtosecond Laser–Assisted Automated Descemet Membrane Endothelial Grafts

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the use of a femtosecond laser (FL) in the eye bank preparation of corneas for Descemet membrane (DM) automated endothelial keratoplasty (fDMAEK) and to compare endothelial cell death in graft preparations between fDMAEK, Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK), and DM endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). Methods: Twenty cadaveric tissues were used to test the fDMAEK method. A 9.0-mm-diameter lamellar incision was made using the FL with a 6.0-mm perpendicular anterior ring cut that enabled a stromal rim by acting as a venting incision for bubble expansion. DM was pneumodissected off the central 6.0 mm of the tissue. The fDMAEK grafts were trephined and stained with a viability dye, calcein AM. The entire stained endothelial surface was digitally captured and the endothelial cell loss (ECL) was calculated using trainable segmentation software. For comparison, a series of 6 DSEK grafts and 8 DMEK grafts were created and analyzed. Results: Six of 20 tissues (30%) were lost during fDMAEK preparation. In the 14 successful tissues, the average ECL was 30.4% [95% confidence interval (CI), 25.3–35.6] compared with 21.1% (95% CI, 13.2–28.9, P = 0.09) in the 6 DSEK grafts and 22.5% (95% CI, 18.0–27.0, P = 0.04) in the 8 DMEK grafts. Conclusions: FLs are useful in preparing DMAEK tissue at the eye bank and may promote predictable and precise big bubbles and stromal rims. The fDMAEK preparation success improved with experience and laser adjustments. In fDMAEK, the ECL is higher than was previously reported in DMEK and DSEK, likely due to greater tissue manipulation, although not significantly higher than DSEK controls.
Information Diffusion on Social Media: Does It Affect Trading, Return, and Liquidity?

We track information diffusion in real time by monitoring how the news is tweeted and retweeted on Twitter. We find that news diffusion is highly correlated with intraday trading, especially for retail trading. News diffusion leads to a lower bid-ask spread and price pressure on the news day that is completely reverted the next day. The result is robust when we employ an instrumental variables approach. Our results show that information diffusion via Twitter does not incorporate new information into the stock price. Rather, Twitter spreads stale news, albeit at a much higher speed than traditional media.
One year of high-intensity interval training improves exercise capacity, but not left ventricular function in stable heart transplant recipients: A randomised controlled trial

Background Heart transplant recipients have lower exercise capacity and impaired cardiac function compared with the normal population. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves exercise capacity and cardiac function in patients with heart failure and hypertension, but the effect on cardiac function in stable heart transplant recipients is not known. Thus, we investigated whether HIIT improved cardiac function and exercise capacity in stable heart transplant recipients by use of comprehensive rest- and exercise-echocardiography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Design and methods Fifty-two clinically stable heart transplant recipients were randomised either to HIIT (4 × 4 minutes at 85–95% of peak heart rate three times per week for eight weeks) or to control. Three such eight-week periods were distributed throughout one year. Echocardiography (rest and submaximal exercise) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing were performed at baseline and follow-up. Results One year of HIIT increased VO2peak from 27.7 ± 5.5 at baseline to 30.9 ± 5.0 ml/kg/min at follow-up, while the control group remained unchanged (28.5 ± 7.0 vs. 28.0 ± 6.7 ml/kg per min, p < 0.001 for difference between the groups). Systolic and diastolic left ventricular functions at rest and during exercise were generally unchanged by HIIT. Conclusions Whereas HIIT is feasible in heart transplant recipients and effectively improves exercise capacity, it does not alter cardiac systolic and diastolic function significantly. Thus, the observed augmentation in exercise capacity is best explained by extra-cardiac adaptive mechanisms.
Prokaryotic Expression and Serodiagnostic Potential of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase and Thioredoxin Peroxidase from Baylisascaris schroederi

Baylisascaris schroederi, a roundworm parasite of giant pandas, badly affects the health of its hosts. Diagnosis of this disease currently depends mainly on sedimentation floatation and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) methods to detect the eggs. However, neither of these methods is suitable for diagnosis of early-stage panda baylisascariasis and no information on early diagnosis of this disease is available so far. Therefore, to develop an effective serologic diagnostic method, this study produced recombinant glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and thioredoxin peroxidase (Tpx) proteins from B. schroederi using a prokaryotic expression system. We determined the immunological characteristics of these proteins and their location in the parasite. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were established to detect B. schroederi infection in giant pandas based on GAPDH and Tpx respectively. The open reading frame of the GAPDH gene (1083 bp) encoded a 39 kDa protein, while the predicted molecular weight of Tpx (588 bp) was 21.6 kDa. Western-blotting analysis revealed that both recombinant proteins could be recognized with positive serum of pandas infected with B. schroederi. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the endogenous GAPDH of B. schroederi was widely distributed in the worm while Tpx was mainly localized in the muscle, eggs, gut wall, uterus wall and hypodermis. Serological tests showed that the GAPDH-based indirect ELISA had a sensitivity of 95.83% and specificity of 100%, while the test using Tpx as the antigen had sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 91.7%. Thus, B. schroederi Tpx is unsuitable as a diagnostic antigen for baylisascariasis, but B. schroederi GAPDH is a good candidate diagnostic antigen for B. schroederi in pandas.
Organizational Adoption of XBRL

XBRL is an emerging innovation that has the potential to play an important role in the electronic production and consumption of financial information. Since the organizational adoption of XBRL is not well understood, we use an exploratory approach grounded in qualitative data to provide an analysis of the reasons for its relatively limited uptake in Australia. Our analysis synthesises a technology-organization-environment adoption model that explains the XBRL innovation outcome in this context. The research confirms the usefulness of this approach for studying network innovations in electronic business and markets, and extends it to a novel innovation domain. It adds a new dimension to such studies by emphasizing the interactions that occur between innovation adoption factors in the diffusion of complex network innovations. The research also has implications for policy-makers and adoption decision-makers in Australia and other similar contexts.
Neurophysiological evidence of memory traces for words in the human brain

Mismatch negativity (MMN), an index of experience-dependent memory traces, was used to investigate the processing of lexical contrasts in the human brain. The MMN was elicited either by rare words presented among repetitive words or pseudowords, or by pseudowords presented among words. Phonetic and phonological contrasts were identical in all conditions. MMNs elicited by both word deviants were larger than that elicited by the deviant pseudoword. The presence of lexical contrast did not significantly alter the word-elicited MMNs, which were, however, distinct in amplitude and topography from the MMN evoked by pseudowords. Thus, our results indicate the existence of word-related MMN enhancement largely independent of the lexical status of the standard stimulus. This enhancement may reflect the presence of a long-term memory trace for a spoken word.