Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Barriers to the use of technology in Jordanian pre‐school settings

Technology has increasingly become an important and accepted tool in early childhood education classrooms. Despite its power and significance in supporting children's development, early childhood educators still struggle with using technology in their teaching practice. This study investigated the barriers to the use of technology in Jordanian pre‐school education. Interviews with pre‐school teachers (n = 30) and principals (n = 15) were conducted. Results indicated that the lack of software, funds, time and technology skills were found to be the main barriers to using technology in most Jordanian pre‐school settings. Moreover, the results revealed that most pre‐school teachers were aware of the value of using technology for learning and teaching, whereas principals were not certain about its benefits for children. The study concludes with putting forward a number of practical and theoretical recommendations for the field of study.
Comparing Several Human and Computer-Based Methods for Scoring Concept Maps and Essays

This article reports the results of an investigation of the convergent criterion-related validity of two computer-based tools for scoring concept maps and essays as part of the ongoing formative evaluation of these tools. In pairs, participants researched a science topic online and created a concept map of the topic. Later, participants individually wrote a short essay from their concept map. The concept maps and essays were scored by the computer-based tools and by human raters using rubrics. Computer-based concept map scores were a very good measure of the qualitative aspects of the concept maps (r = 0.84) and were an adequate measure of the quantitative aspects (r = 0.65). Also, the computer-based essay scores were an adequate measure of essay content (r = 0.71). If computer-based approaches for scoring concept maps and essays can provide a valid, low-cost, easy to use, and easy to interpret measure of students' content knowledge, then these approaches will likely gain rapid acceptance by teachers at all levels.
Financial Cryptography and Data Security: 13th International Conference, FC 2009, Accra Beach, Barbados, February 23-26, 2009. Revised Selected Papers

Economics of Information Security I. - Mitigating Inadvertent Insider Threats with Incentives. - Deterring Online Advertising Fraud through Optimal Payment in Arrears. - Anonymity and Privacy I. - Privacy-Preserving Information Markets for Computing Statistical Data. - Achieving Privacy in a Federated Identity Management System. - Data Hemorrhages in the Health-Care Sector. - Private Computation. - Solving Linear Programs Using Multiparty Computation. - Private Intersection of Certified Sets. - Privacy-Preserving Classifier Learning. - Economics of Information Security II. - Investments and Trade-offs in the Economics of Information Security. - Blue versus Red: Towards a Model of Distributed Security Attacks. - Authentication and Identification. - Optimised to Fail: Card Readers for Online Banking. - Expecting the Unexpected: Towards Robust Credential Infrastructure. - Optical DNA. - Panel. - Passwords: If We're So Smart, Why Are We Still Using Them? - Fraud Detection. - Defeating Cross-Site Request Forgery Attacks with Browser-Enforced Authenticity Protection. - Evil Searching: Compromise and Recompromise of Internet Hosts for Phishing. - Detecting Denial of Service Attacks in Tor. - Auctions. - Cryptographic Combinatorial Securities Exchanges. - Cryptographic Combinatorial Clock-Proxy Auctions. - Secure Multiparty Computation Goes Live. - Anonymity and Privacy II. - Coercion Resistant End-to-end Voting. - Relations Among Privacy Notions.
A median peak detecting analog signal processor for hard disk drive servo

An analog signal processor for hard disk drive servo is described. It performs servo demodulation by means of median peak defection which provides immunity against additive as well as multiplicative noise from the medium, unlike conventional methods. A novel circuit configuration has been employed to implement the median peak detector in an area and power efficient manner. The entire servo processor that includes the demodulator and 10 b A/D and D/A converters has been integrated into a single CMOS integrated circuit. >
Order, disorder, and protein aggregation

Protein aggregation underlies a number of human diseases. Most notably, it occurs widely in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. At the molecular level, neurotoxicity is thought to originate from toxic gains of function in multimeric aggregates of proteins that are otherwise predominantly monomeric and disordered, fluctuating between a very large number of structurally dissimilar states on nanoand microsecond timescales. These proteins, termed Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs), are notoriously difficult to probe using traditional biophysical techniques. In order to obtain structural information pertaining to the aggregation of IDPs, it is often necessary to develop computational and modeling tools, both to leverage the full extent of the experimental data, and to generate testable predictions for future experiments. In this thesis, I present three separate computational studies studying the formation of multimeric aggregates in IDPs, spanning different aspects of the aggregation process, from early nucleation events to fibril elongation. In the first study, I present a conformational ensemble of a-synuclein, the culprit protein of Parkinson's disease, constructed using a Variational Bayesian Weighting algorithm in combination with NMR data collected by our collaborators. We find that the data fit a description in which the protein predominantly exists as a disordered monomer but contains small quantities of multimeric states containing both helical and strand-rich conformations. In the second study, I focus on the process of amyloid fibril elongation in the Amyloid-P (AP) peptide of Alzheimer's disease. I compute the free energy surface associated with the fibril elongation reaction, and find that elongation of both AP40 and A@42 experimental fibril structures occurs on a downhill free energy pathway, proceeding via an obligate, fibril-associated hairpin intermediate. The fibril-associated hairpin is significantly more stable (relative to the fibrillar, elongated state) in A142 compared with A$40, suggesting a potential clinical target of interest. Finally, I present lengthy, all-atom molecular simulations that suggest that nucleation of the minimum aggregating fragment of c-synuclein proceeds via a helical intermediate, requiring a structural conversion into a strand-rich nucleating species via a stochastic process of individual helices unfolding and self-associating via backbone hydrogen bonds. Thesis Supervisor: Collin M. Stultz Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Professor of Health Sciences and Technology
Survey on Detection of Glaucoma in Fundus Image by Segmentation and Classification

— Reliable glaucoma detection in digital fundus images is still an open issue in biomedical image processing. The detection of glaucoma in retinal fundus image is essential for preventing from the vision loss. Glaucoma is an irretrievable chronic eye disease which leads to blindness that caused due to the damage of optic nerves. The time of glaucoma detection is very important to be slowed down by treatment whereas glaucoma cannot be cured. Particularly there is no effective method for detection of glaucoma in current status. Nowadays many studies have shown that the detection or screening of glaucoma in 2D retinal fundus image. This paper addresses the survey on various methods of segmentation and classification technique to detect the glaucoma from the retinal images based on the Cup to Disc Ratio (CDR) evaluation of preprocessed image. This survey paper presents an image processing technique for segmentation of optic disc and cup as well as diagnosis of glaucoma using obtained the features from the image based on the study of adaptive thresholding technique and SVM classification technique compared to remaining or existing algorithms.
Bayesian linear regression

This note derives the posterior, evidence, and predictive density for linear multivariate regression under zero-mean Gaussian noise. Many Bayesian texts, such as Box & Tiao (1973), cover linear regression. This note contributes to the discussion by paying careful attention to invariance issues, demonstrating model selection based on the evidence, and illustrating the shape of the predictive density. Piecewise regression and basis function regression are also discussed.
The systematic design of instruction

A classic in the field, The Systematic Design of Instruction, 8/e presents a clear introduction to the fundamentals of instructional design-and the concepts and procedures necessary for analyzing, designing, developing, and evaluating instruction for all delivery formats. This is not a textbook to be memorized, but rather a learning-by-doing resource designed to help students create their own sound, effective instruction. In it readers learn a systematic, thoughtful, inquiry-based approach to creation, which in turn helps ensure the success of students in their charge. It features an intuitive chapter organization, an integrated model that presents research carefully illustrated with academic and business applications, contemporary design examples, sample rubrics and exercises, and annotated references. This new edition has retained the features that have been most popular and helpful in the previous editions, while adding new perspectives and features that keep the text current, including updated references and recommended readings; additional attention to important topics such as learning and portable digital devices; additional tables summarizing and organizing concepts; a serial case study example which applies the text's instructional design concepts; an additional case study in the Appendices; a plan with case study examples; and a helpful, easy-to-use Instructor's Manual.
6.5.4 SafeAir ‐ An Integrated Development Environment and Methodology

SafeAir (http://www.safeair.org) is a European Commission project that has been submitted under the 5th framework program. Within the framework of SafeAir an Avionic System Development Environment (ASDE) will be developed and evaluated. ASDE will implement technologies, methods and tools that meet the high dependability needs of real time embedded systems. Once natural language requirements are in place, ASDE will support system and software property specifications on the basis of formal, readable, graphical notations. Notation will be based on block‐diagrams, activity‐charts and state‐charts, both at the analysis and design phase. ASDE will integrate defacto standard modelling tools (Statemate, MATLAB, Sildex, and SCADE) for complex embedded system applications. Thus, ASDE will provide a seamless process path from system‐level modelling tools to an automatic code generation tool in compliance with the DO‐178B certification standard [1] for critical airborne embedded systems. ASDE will significantly raise the degree of early error detection and reduce the validation effort during system integration time utilizing formal verification techniques for the verification of system critical properties.
HSTCP: A High-speed Traffic Collection Platform for Intrusion Detection/Prevention Based on Sampling on FPGAs

Abstract With the ever-increasing deployment and usage of gigabit networks, traditional networks’ intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDSs/IPSs) have not scaled accordingly. More recently, researchers have been looking at hardware-based solutions that use field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to assist network IDSs/IPSs, and some proposed systems have been developed that can be scaled to achieve a high speed over 10 Gbps. However, these solutions have certain drawbacks. In this paper, we present a uniform high-speed traffic collection platform for intrusion detection/prevention based on sampling on FPGAs, called HSTCP. The methodology is when the proposed platform is unable to capture the whole network traffic, it will initiate elephant flow sampling rather than simple packets’ drop. Meanwhile, the sampling rate is adaptive to the traffic load changes in the elephant flow. The noteworthy features of HSTCP include the following: (a) it takes the self-similarity of network traffic into account with complete mice flows’ capture and elephant flow sampling; (b) it employs adaptive elephant flow sampling to retain inherent characteristics of network traffic; and (c) it provides a flexible and scalable platform for network IDSs/IPSs faced to the challenge of the future high-speed network.
Methodology in Language Teaching: Grammar Teaching – Practice or Consciousness-Raising?

INTRODUCTION Two major questions need to be considered with regard to grammar teaching in second language (L2) pedagogy: Should we teach grammar at all? If we should teach grammar, how should we teach it? The first question has been answered in the negative by some applied linguists. Krashen (1982), for instance, has argued that formal instruction in grammar will not contribute to the development of ‘acquired’ knowledge – the knowledge needed to participate in authentic communication. Prabhu (1987) has tried to show, with some success, that classroom learners can acquire an L2 grammar naturalistically by participating in meaning-focused tasks. Others, however, including myself, have argued that grammar teaching does aid L2 acquisition, although not necessarily in the way teachers often think it does. My principal contention is that formal grammar teaching has a delayed rather than instant effect. The focus of this article is the second question. I am going to assume that we should teach grammar (see Ellis, 1990, for the reasons why) and turn my attention to how we should set about doing so. Specifically, I want to consider two approaches, which I shall refer to as ‘practice’ and ‘consciousness-raising’. I shall begin by defining these. I will then briefly consider the case for practice and argue that the available evidence suggests that it may not be as effective as is generally believed. I will then present a number of arguments in support of consciousness-raising and conclude with an example of a ‘CR-task’.
SOME ASPECTS OF CULTURE TEACHING IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE AND ESP CLASSES: CULTURAL SCRIPTS AND SMALL TALK

The present paper deals with the problem of teaching culture in the foreign language classes at all levels of education. Cultural studies should not be separated from the language syllabus and foreign language learning should not be limited to formal learning of systems of sounds, words, and syntactic structures, but should also include learning the culture of the target language. Success in intercultural communication depends greatly on the understanding of a number of cultural features. The article emphasizes the importance of teaching and learning target culture, as well as introduces the analysis of cultural scripts and small talk in English, Russian and Polish languages. Understanding the cultural differences will benefit and facilitate cross-cultural communication under diverse circumstances. Thereby, this issue is relevant to foreign language and ESP classes focusing on the improvement of both students’ language and cultural skills.
Analysis of GSM HSCSD service with channel allocation constraints

A mathematical model for analyzing the new GSM HSCSD (high speed circuit switched data) service specified by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) as a part of the GSM phase 2+ standard is presented. The study is conducted using a multidimensional Markov chain for a system carrying both HSCSD and the pre existing voice traffic. The key parameters which control the new data service performance are identified and adequate formulas obtained. Delays experienced by HSCSD calls are evaluated and compared to an optimal transmission operating at the maximum capacity. The model takes into account the channel allocation constraints for HSCSD connections and their impact on system performance is investigated by comparing results with an ideal unconstrained system. The analysis is applicable when mean service times for voice and HSCSD calls are different.
When A Perceived Glass Ceiling Impacts Organizational Commitment And Turnover Intent: The Mediating Role Of Distributive Justice

This study investigated the relationship between a perceived glass ceiling in an organization and commitment to that organization, with the expectation that the effect would be indirect and mediated by distributive justice perceptions. The same hypothesis was put forward with turnover intent as an outcome. The study uses VIE, Equity, Social Exchange, and Social Identity Theories to frame these arguments, and in both cases, partial mediation was present. Specifically, the effect of a perceived glass ceiling on each of the dependent variables was greater alone than when considered together with perceptions of distributive justice. The analyses and findings are outlined, and implications for theory and for practice are discussed.
Variation resilient subthreshold SRAM cell design technique

This article presents a circuit technique for designing a variability resilient subthreshold static random access memory (SRAM) cell. The architecture of the proposed cell is similar to the conventional 10T SRAM cell with the exception that dynamic threshold MOS is used for the read/write access FETs and cell content body bias scheme is used for bitline droppers (FETs used to drop bitlines). Moreover, the proposed bitcell utilises single differential port unlike conventional 10T bitcell which utilises dual differential ports. The proposed design offers 2.1× improvement in T RA (read access time) and 3.2× improvement in T WA (write access time) compared to CON10T at iso-device-area and 200 mV. It exhibits three roots in its read voltage transfer characteristic (VTC) even at 150 mV showing its ability to function as a bistable circuit. The combination of write and read VTCs for write static noise margin of the proposed design also shows single root signifying its write-ability even at 150 mV. It proves its robustness against process variations by featuring narrower spread in T RA distribution (by 1.3×) and in T WA distribution (by 1.2×) at 200 mV.
Teaching Induction Program: Framework, Design and Delivery

Professional development is a key factor in ensuring teaching staff are confident in the delivery of quality teaching. Professional development is especially relevant for staff who are new to teaching and are required to teach in the context of the large and increasingly diverse student cohorts, prevalent in the Faculty of Business and Economics. The Teaching Induction Program (TIP) addresses this need by modelling best practice in tertiary learning and teaching, delivered in a blended mode. The foundation of TIP is a series of videos, using the student voice, and this feedback is the lens through which knowledge and skills in learning and teaching are developed. During the program, participants build community around their experiences of implementing the teaching skills they have developed, and thereby reflect upon their efficacy for students’ learning. Participant feedback is used to inform the development of following iterations of TIP and this has led to two additional programs being planned, using the voices of new teachers or tutors as well as experienced teachers.
Advancing Critical Thinking and Information Literacy Skills in First Year College Students

ABSTRACT This article provides a case study of recent curriculum development in a freshman skills program which integrates critical thinking and English composition as linked courses at Gonzaga University. Known as “thought and expression” courses, this block of courses, which also includes speech communication, can be taken by students separately or in a linked cohort with the same twenty students in each class. In linked courses, faculty are generally aware of each others' course topics and assignments, and they meet to discuss student progress and look for opportunities for curriculum integration. In this case study, library faculty were included in the instructional team, and information literacy skills that relate to critical thinking were integrated into the goals of the critical thinking and English composition courses. Faculty involved in the courses believe that integrating library skills into course goals adds coherence to the curriculum; it also helps students to achieve the developmental goals of the learning community created by this course model.
Data-flow analysis and type recovery in Scheme

The lack of explicit type information in Scheme prevents the application of many compiler optimizations. Implicit type information can oftentimes be recovered by analyzing the flow of control through primitive operations and conditionals. Such flow analysis, however, is difficult in the presence of higher-order functions. This paper presents a technique for recovering type information from Scheme programs using flow analysis. The algorithm used for flow analysis is semantically based, and is novel in that it correctly handles the "environment flow'* problem. Several examples of a working implementation of the analysis are presented. The techniques are applicable not only to Scheme type recovery, but also to related languages, such as Common Lisp and Standard ML, and to related data-flow analyses, such as range analysis, future analysis, and copy propagation. This research was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research and in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DOD), monitored by the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-84-K-0415, ARPA Order No. 5404. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the author and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of ONR, DARPA or the U.S. government.
Intellectual Freedom as Practiced by Public and School Librarians in Texas

Bilan des travaux des ateliers sur la censure et le choix des documents, qui se sont tenus au Texas avec la participation de 75 bibliothecaires: etude comparative des politiques d'acquisition, de la selection des documents controverses et des pratiques de documents mis a l'essai avec reevaluation
Effects on Portable Antennas by the Presence of a Person

This work deals with the influence the presence of a person has on the performance of antennas for hand-held portable telephones. It is shown how input impedance, far-field radiation pattern, radiation efficiency, and the magnitude of the near field are affected by the presence of the human body. The investigations have been carried out by applying the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique to a model of the telephone with a lambda /4 monopole antenna and a simple hand-head model of the operator. Results from this configuration are compared with results for the telephone box and antenna alone. Measurements have been performed to verify the results obtained by simulations. The results show that a shadow effect in the far-field pattern occurs in the direction of the person and that the radiation pattern, including polarization, changes considerably from the telephone with the antenna alone. The impedance results show a change in resonance frequency when the telephone is placed next to a person. Results for radiation efficiency show that close to half of the energy is absorbed by hand and head. On average a system loss of 3-4 dB should be included in a link budget, and there is considerable fading, even in a radio-anechoic chamber, when persons move around in a natural manner. >