Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Air violin: a machine learning approach to fingering gesture recognition

We train and evaluate two machine learning models for predicting fingering in violin performances using motion and EMG sensors integrated in the Myo device. Our aim is twofold: first, provide a fingering recognition model in the context of a gamification virtual violin application where we measure both right hand (i.e. bow) and left hand (i.e. fingering) gestures, and second, implement a tracking system for a computer assisted pedagogical tool for self-regulated learners in high-level music education. Our approach is based on the principle of mapping-by-demonstration in which the model is trained by the performer. We evaluated a model based on Decision Trees and compared it with a Hidden Markovian Model.
Presumed pre‐ or perinatal arterial ischemic stroke: Risk factors and outcomes

A subgroup of children with arterial ischemic stroke in the pre‐ or perinatal period present with delayed diagnosis. We identified 22 children who met the following criteria: (1) normal neonatal neurological history, (2) hemiparesis and/or seizures first recognized after 2 months of age, and (3) computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging showing remote cerebral infarct. Laboratory evaluations included protein C, protein S, antithrombin, activated protein C resistance screen (APCR), Factor V Leiden (FVL), prothrombin gene defect, methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase variant (MTHFR), anticardiolipin antibody (ACLA), and lupus anticoagulant. Not all children received all tests. Age at last visit ranged from 8 months to 16.5 years (median 4 years). Twelve were boys. Fourteen had left hemisphere infarcts. Median age at presentation was 6 months. Eighteen had gestational complications. Fourteen children had at least transient coagulation abnormalities (ACLA = 11, ACLA + APCR = 1, APCR = 2 with FVL + MTHFR = 1); 6 of these children had family histories suggestive of thrombosis. Cardiac echocardiogram was unremarkable in the 15 tested. Outcomes included persistent hemiparesis in 22; speech, behavior, or learning problems in 12; and persistent seizures in 5, with no evidence of further stroke in any patient. The persistence and importance of coagulation abnormalities in this group need further study.
Activity of third generation cephalosporins against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in high risk hospital units.

Ceftazidime and Cefoperazone are the two third generation cephalosporins with anti-pseudomonal activity. They have been frequently used in the I.C. U.s. in the developed countries but their use in the Indian hospitals has begun relatively recently. We studied the in-vitro susceptibility of 139 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates that were multiple drug resistant from the Resuscitation Unit/I.C. U. (61 strains), Burns Unit (48 strains), Surgical Post-operative unit (24 strains), Nephrology unit (6 strains) of our hospital to these two cephalosporine over a period of about 18 months. Antibiotic susceptibility was studied using Kirby Bauer's disc dibusion method. Out of a total of 139 strains of multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa tested, 17.9% were found resistant each to Ceftazidime and Cefoperazone separately and 10% were found resistant to both antibiotics.
Thirty-nine-month xylitol chewing-gum programme in initially 8-year-old school children: a feasibility study focusing on mutans streptococci and lactobacilli.

AIM To investigate the use of xylitol-containing chewing-gums in public elementary schools as a means to affect the growth of salivary and plaque mutans streptococci and salivary lactobacilli. DESIGN Over a period of 24 months, 750 8- to 9-year-old children chewed xylitol (X group; n = 255) or xylitol-sorbitol (XS group; n = 264) gum on school days (454 days over 2 years), or chewed no gum at all (C group; n = 231). Consumption of xylitol in the X and the XS groups was 6.6 and 5.4g per day, respectively. Use of gum took place at school in four daily episodes of which three were supervised by teachers. Following the 24-month chewing-gum period, the subjects were re-examined after 15 months (total follow-up period: 39 months) at which time an extraneous comparison group (ExC; n = 117) was also examined. The numbers of subjects examined after 39 months were: X, 239; XS, 248; C3 217. METHODS Salivary and plaque levels of mutans streptococci and the salivary levels of aerobically cultured aciduric bacteria (mostly representing lactobacilli) were determined using the Orion Diagnostica Dentocult SM and LB test kits, respectively. RESULTS There were statistically significant differences after 24 and 39 months between the two xylitol chewing-gum groups and the C group with regard to salivary and plaque mutans streptococci and salivary lactobacilli: the use of xylitol-containing chewing-gums significantly reduced these bacterial scores. The reductions were statistically more significant in the X group than in the XS group. The bacterial scores of groups C and ExC were similar. CONCLUSIONS Long-term use of xylitol-containing chewing-gum can reduce the growth of mutans streptococci in saliva and dental plaque, and lactobacilli-type bacteria in saliva, even if xylitol is used only on school days. The results also suggest that xylitol gum use can have a long-term, delayed growth-retarding effect on these micro-organisms, since reduced bacterial growth was still observed 15 months following the termination of xylitol use. The results indicate a close biochemical relationship between xylitol and mutans streptococci, and suggest that a similar relationship may exist regarding aerobically cultured aciduric bacteria present in saliva.
Identifier Inference through Neural Networks

Source code can be treated similar as corpus constructed by natural language (Hindle et al., 2012). In this paper, we use the neural network model to study identifer naming convention problem. We find that neural network model can predict 16.5% identifiers correctly on a randomlyselected source file by training on the unrelated projects. In addition, we compare the performance of model on character level and word level and explore the impact of different input sentences construction methods on the model performance.
The Role of Information in Distributed Resource Allocation

The goal in networked control of multiagent systems is to derive desirable collective behavior through the design of local control algorithms. The information available to the individual agents, either attained through communication or sensing, invariably defines the space of admissible control laws. Hence, informational restrictions impose constraints on achievable performance guarantees. This paper provides one such constraint with regard to the efficiency of the resulting stable solutions for a class of networked submodular resource allocation problems with applications to covering problems. When the agents have full information regarding the system, the efficiency of the resulting stable solutions is guaranteed to be within 50% of optimal. However, when the agents have only localized information about the system, which is a common feature of many well-studied control designs, the efficiency of the resulting stable solutions can be <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1/n$</tex-math></inline-formula> of optimal, where <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula> is the number of agents. Consequently, in general, such control designs cannot guarantee that systems comprised of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula> agents can perform any better than a system comprised of a single agent for identical system conditions. The last part of this paper focuses on a specific resource allocation problem, a static sensor coverage problem, and provides an algorithm that overcomes this limitation by allowing the agents to communicate minimally with neighboring agents.
Resolution of the Maxwell equations in a domain with reentrant corners

Lorsque le domaine de calcul est un polygone non convexe, c'est-a-dire avec un ou plusieurs coins rentrantes, nous donnons une decomposition de la solution des equations de Maxwell en une partie reguliere et une partie singuliere. Nous prouvons que l'espace des parties singulieres est engendre par les solutions d'un probleme stationnaire simple. La regularite exacte de la solution est determinee en fonction de l'angle aux coins rentrants. Cette decomposition mathematique permet alors de construire un algorithme de resolution numerique des equations de Maxwell dans un polygone non convexe. Cet article est la suite de la note [3]. Cette methodologie peut egalement s'appliquer a l'equation de Helmholtz ou au systeme de Lame.
Chronological Power Flow for Planning Transmission Systems Considering Intermittent Sources

In light of the additional needs imposed by high penetration level of renewable sources on the planning of electric networks, this paper introduces new models and procedures for obtaining more robust and flexible networks. A new methodology, computational algorithm, and a new set of performance indices are presented based on the concept of chronological power flow (CPF). In view of the presence of intermittent energy resources, aspects related to the operation of the system during moments of high energy availability will be duly evaluated, since that is when there might be a waste of renewable energy, and also during low renewable production conditions, when the system may be more fragile. The results obtained for the IEEE Reliability Test System-1996 will also be presented and discussed.
The shape and structure of cometary nuclei as a result of low-velocity accretion

Collisions give comets their shape The shape and structure of comets are relicts of collision processes from long ago. Despite recent and ongoing spacecraft missions that offer direct measurements of cometary nuclei, it is difficult to test what is important in comet shaping. Jutzi and Asphaug ran ∼100 three-dimensional collision simulations across a wide range of target and impactor masses and trajectories. Slow and less violent collisions produced the layering and bi-lobed shapes of actual comets. Science, this issue p. 1355 Three-dimensional simulations show that structures observed on cometary nuclei formed very early on by collisional coagulation. Cometary nuclei imaged from flyby and rendezvous spacecraft show common evidence of layered structures and bilobed shapes. But how and when these features formed is much debated, with distinct implications for solar system formation, dynamics, and geology. We show that these features could be a direct result of accretionary collisions, based on three-dimensional impact simulations using realistic constitutive properties. We identify two regimes of interest: layer-forming splats and mergers resulting in bilobed shapes. For bodies with low tensile strength, our results can explain key morphologies of cometary nuclei, as well as their low bulk densities. This advances the hypothesis that nuclei formed by collisional coagulation—either out of cometesimals accreting in the early solar system or, alternatively, out of comparable-sized debris clumps paired in the aftermath of major collisions.
Tactile Short-Term Memory

Subjects tried to recall the location of a tactile stimulus on the underside of the forearm after delays of 0, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 60 sec. When “rehearsal” was prevented by requiring subjects to count backwards during the delay, accuracy of recall decreased systematically reaching an asymptote after 45 sec. When subjects were left free to “rehearse,” this did not affect the decline in accuracy over the first 10 sec. Between 10 and 15 sec. there was a significant increase in accuracy followed by a slow decline which had not reached asymptote by 60 sec. It is suggested that tactile STM (short-term memory) depends on two processes, a fading sensory trace which is unaffected by distraction and a less labile system which does not appear to be verbal but which depends on “rehearsal. ”
Regulation of a major microtubule‐associated protein by MPF and MAP kinase.

The interphase‐M phase transition of microtubule dynamics is thought to be induced by phosphorylation reactions mediated by MPF and by MAP kinase functioning downstream of MPF. We have now identified and purified from Xenopus eggs a major microtubule‐associated protein, p220, that may be a target protein for these two M phase‐activated kinases. p220, when purified from interphase cells, potently bound to microtubules and stimulated tubulin polymerization, whereas p220 purified from M phase cells showed little or no such activities. Cell staining with a monoclonal anti‐p220 antibody revealed that p220 is localized on cytoplasmic microtubule networks during interphase, while it is distributed rather diffusely throughout the cell during M phase. We have further found that p220 is phosphorylated specifically in M phase. Moreover, p220 purified from interphase cells served as a good substrate for MAP kinase and MPF in vitro, and two‐dimensional phosphopeptide mapping pattern of the p220 phosphorylated in vitro was very similar to that of p220 phosphorylated at M phase in vivo. These results suggest that the drastic change in p220 activity during the transition from interphase to M phase may be induced by its phosphorylation in M phase probably catalyzed by MAP kinase and MPF.
Concentration and retention of Toxoplasma gondii surrogates from seawater by red abalone (Haliotis rufescens)

SUMMARY Small marine snails and abalone have been identified as high- and low-risk prey items, respectively, for exposure of threatened southern sea otters to Toxoplasma gondii, a zoonotic parasite that can cause fatal encephalitis in animals and humans. While recent work has characterized snails as paratenic hosts for T. gondii, the ability of abalone to vector the parasite has not been evaluated. To further elucidate why abalone predation may be protective against T. gondii exposure, this study aimed to determine whether: (1) abalone are physiologically capable of acquiring T. gondii; and (2) abalone and snails differ in their ability to concentrate and retain the parasite. Abalone were exposed to T. gondii surrogate microspheres for 24 h, and fecal samples were examined for 2 weeks following exposure. Concentration of surrogates was 2–3 orders of magnitude greater in abalone feces than in the spiked seawater, and excretion of surrogates continued for 14 days post-exposure. These results indicate that, physiologically, abalone and snails can equally vector T. gondii as paratenic hosts. Reduced risk of T. gondii infection in abalone-specializing otters may therefore result from abalone's high nutritional value, which implies otters must consume fewer animals to meet their caloric needs.
Climatic Forcing: Effects of El Ni�o on a Small, Temperate Lake

Temperature profiles measured regularly for 21 years reveal the interannual differences in winter-to-summer heat gain in Castle Lake, California, a small subalpine lake. Year-to-year changes in large-scale climatic surface forcing, especially the amount of snowfall from February through April (which determines the date of thaw) coupled with the early heating and wind mixing after thaw, causes this interannual variation. The seasonal thermal structure for years in which the lake gains significantly more or less heat than normal—all of the El Ni�o years and several others—shows that the depth of the mixed layer and the mixing of heat into the stratified thermocline region control the storage of heat. The temperature of the mixed layer does not reflect abnormal thermal storage. Variations in mixing during early spring, which controls the heat content at Castle Lake, may also affect the annual average of the primary productivity.
Efecto del acibenzolar-s-metil sobre el desarrollo de la virosis causada por potyvirus en tomate de árbol

El principal limitante del cultivo de tomate de arbol en Colombia es el ataque de virus, el cual reduce la produccion y calidad de la fruta. En condiciones de invernadero se evaluo el efecto del inductor de resistencia Acibenzolar-S-metil- ASM (Boost®) sobre la incidencia y severidad de la virosis en plantas inoculadas con extracto de hojas naturalmente infectadas con virus, mediante aplicacion foliar de 0,08% de producto comercial por planta cada 20 dias. La incidencia de la virosis se redujo en 50% cuando el inductor se aplico antes de la inoculacion con el virus, seguido de dos aplicaciones adicionales de ASM, comparado con 100% de incidencia en las plantas inoculadas solo con el extracto de plantas infectadas con el virus, tendencia encontrada tambien en la curva de desarrollo de la enfermedad. Se observo un retraso de 7 dias en la aparicion de sintomas cuando se aplico el inductor antes de la inoculacion asi como se observo una reduccion significativa en el grado de severidad de la enfermedad. El potyvirus fue detectado mediante la prueba ELISA; sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias estadisticas significativas en su concentracion entre los diferentes tratamientos.
Wind–Evaporation Feedback and the Axisymmetric Transition to Angular Momentum–Conserving Hadley Flow

Abstract The effect of wind-induced surface heat exchange (WISHE) on axisymmetric, solstitial Hadley circulations is examined for forcings strong enough to produce meridional flow that nearly conserves absolute angular momentum in the free troposphere. Such forcings are known to produce an off-equatorial ascent zone in the summer hemisphere where the convergence of zonal momentum is balanced by drag on surface westerlies. Here, a convective quasi-equilibrium model with two vertical modes is used to show that enhanced surface entropy fluxes induced by these westerlies can intensify and shift both this ascent zone and the subcloud-layer entropy peak toward the equator. The equatorward shift of the subcloud entropy peak is associated with a reduction in the forcing amplitude needed to produce angular momentum–conserving (AMC) meridional flow. A previous theory of frontogenesis in tropical cyclones is adapted to axisymmetric Hadley circulations to show how WISHE shifts the peak subcloud entropy toward the equ.
The effects of selective withdrawal of FSH or LH on spermatogenesis in the immature rat.

The effects of antisera specific to rat follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and sheep luteinizing hormone (LH) on spermatogenesis were studied in 20-day-old rats. The antisera to rat FSH binds only with iodine-125 FSH, while the sheep anti-LH serum cross-reacts with rat LH. Anti-LH serum, administered over a 14-day period, caused an 80% reduction in testes weight, and a considerable reduction in the weights of the epididymides, ventral prostate, and seminal vesicles. A reduction in the size of the Leydig cells, of the diameter of the seminiferous tubules, and in the number of germ cells was observed. Serum testosterone levels were dramatically reduced (113 + or -6 pg/ml compared with 616 + or -138 pg/ml in controls). Anti-FSH serum treatment decreased testes weight by about 50% but did not markedly reduce accessory organ weights or serum testosterone levels. Although the Leydig cells appeared normal, the tubule diameter and the number of spermatocytes and spermatids were reduced below control values. It appears that anti-FSH serum inhibits spermatogenesis in the immature rat, without affecting serum testosterone levels.
Evidence-based framework for a pathomechanical model of patellofemoral pain: 2017 patellofemoral pain consensus statement from the 4th International Patellofemoral Pain Research Retreat, Manchester, UK: part 3

The aetiology of patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a complex interplay among various anatomical, biomechanical, psychological, social and behavioural influences. Numerous factors associated with PFP have been reported in the literature, but the interaction between these proposed risk factors and the clinical entity of PFP remains unclear (figure 1). Figure 1 Schematic overview of potential pathways to elevated patellofemoral joint (PFJ) stress, a proposed contributor to patellofemoral pain. The goal of this consensus document is to place known associated factors within the context of a pathomechanical model of PFP. An underlying assumption of the proposed pathomechanical model is that PFP is associated with abnormal loading of the patellofemoral joint (elevated joint stress). In this model, abnormal loading could affect the various patellofemoral structures that can contribute to nociception (ie, subchondral bone, infrapatellar fat pad, retinaculum and ligamentous structures); however, the specific tissue sources related to PFP are not known. The experience of PFP is not just nociception.1 Persons with persistent PFP exhibit abnormal nociceptive processing (ie, widespread mechanical hyperalgesia, impaired pain modulation),2–5 altered somatosensory processing (implying neuropathic pain),6 impaired sensorimotor function (ie, proprioception and balance)7–10 and certain psychological factors (ie, catastrophising and kinesiophobia). 11 The amount and quality of research in the non-‘patho-mechanical’ pathways to PFP are evolving, and will be included in future consensus statements emanating from the International Patellofemoral Pain Research Retreats. At the 4th International Patellofemoral Pain Research Retreat,12 Dr Christopher Powers presented a draft framework of the pathomechanical model, which was based on prior consensus statements from the three previous Patellofemoral Pain Research Retreats.13–15 At the meeting, all attendees (clinician-researchers and research scientists) participated in a comprehensive discussion of the draft model, and agreed on the overall framework (Figure 1). Following the retreat, the authors conducted a thorough review of pertinent literature related to …
Web structure and influence of the Arab universities of the MENA zone (Middle East and North Africa): Visualization and analysis

Purpose – This article aims to display the structure and reveal the web influence of institutions in the MENA zone, in geographic terms (country) and academic terms (universities), by means of their links. Design/methodology/approach – Using search engines and webcrawlers designed to gather information about web links, in conjunction with visualization techniques and degree indicators based on social network analysis, the authors achieved their objective and found responses to a series of pertinent research questions. Findings – There is no direct relationship between the number of university websites and the number of inlinks. Linking between countries in the MENA zone obeys patterns of vicinity and geopolitics. Arab universities are interlinked following trends governed by territorial proximity. There is a strong endogamic tendency, with universities from a single country citing each other, particularly in the case of Saudi Arabia. The authors present the first ranking of web influence in the MENA zone .