Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Upper gut bacterial overgrowth is a potential mechanism for Glucose Malabsorption after Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy

In a recent international study involving 195 countries, the prevalence of obesity has reportedly doubled since 1980 in more than 70 countries with an estimated 107.7 million obese children and 603.7 million obese adults in 2015 [1]. The rapid rise in the prevalence of obesity has created a global health crisis. Laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy (LapVSG) has been recognized as an effective surgical option for the management of medically-complicated obesity. From 2011 to 2015, LapVSG gained the forefront of bariatric surgical procedures performed in the United States, and has replaced Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) as the most common surgical treatment of medically-complicated obesity [2]. Indeed, LapVSG has gained international acceptance as an effective surgical option for treatment of medically-complicated obesity [3].
Financial Flexibility as an Investment Efficiency Factor in Asian Companies

This study explores the impact of a company’s financial flexibility on the effectiveness of its investments.The number of companies that have financial flexibility was calculated with the application of thespare debt capacity method. The research identifies the impact of financial flexibility on investment activity and on the level of suboptimal investments. The data from 1,736 companies in theAsian region, during the 2005-2015time period, are presented. The Asian region has unique institutional, economic and commercial environments that present a great basis for this paper. The results of the research reveal that financially flexible companies spend more on their investment expenditure and conduct more effective investment policiesby reducing the level of over- and underinvestment. Financial flexibility helps companies to make effective investments during a crisis period, but the difference in the flexibility between developed and developing countries and between large and small companies was not observed.
A Teachers' Perspective of Inclusive Education for Students With Special Needs in a Model Demonstration Project

The goal of the study is to give the teachers’ perspective on challenges and rewards of inclusive education for students with special needs. Participants (N=50) were teachers of four mainstream schools involved in inclusive education through a model demonstration project. The data were collected through a written questionnaire and a focus group. The results show that the participating teachers believe in the message of inclusive education and have embraced it. The challenges are related to (a) lack of adequate professional preparation to work with students with special needs in general and in inclusive settings, in particular; (b) lack of administrative support such as reduced class size and teaching load; (c) lack of support by other professionals and special education teachers; and (d) lack of any supportive resources such as special equipment and modified didactic materials.
EXPLORING TEACHER STRATEGIES IN TEACHING DESCRIPTIVE WRITING IN INDONESIA

Purpose – This paper is the outcome of a study which examined teacher strategies in teaching descriptive writing to junior high school students in Delitua, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The study was based on two questions: 1) What are the teaching strategies used by EFL teachers in teaching descriptive writing? 2) To what extent did the descriptive writing intervention change the EFL teacher teaching strategies? Methodology – The qualitative data were obtained from observations, interviews and student writing. An intervention conducted with four teachers for four months using Spencer’s Writing Model (2005) to enhance the teaching of writing strategies was examined. The data were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic coding. Findings – The findings revealed that the teachers used limited strategies in teaching writing due to their lack of knowledge and understanding of the writing approaches. However, after the writing intervention, they improved their instructional strategies by incorporating richer writing descriptions which contained sensory details, figurative language and vivid words. Significance – These findings can be used as teaching guidelines for EFL writing in any teacher professional development programmes. Training of teachers could be a starting point not only to increase teachers’ knowledge and skills in teaching writing but also to increase their awareness of the beliefs about teaching and learning. ht tp :// m jli . u um . e du . m y 72 Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction: Vol. 13 No. 2 (2016): 71-95 Our study provided evidence that training can bring about changes in teachers’ pedagogical practices which in turn, will lead to a more meaningful learning environment for their learners.
Acoustic scattering: high frequency boundary element methods and unified transform methods

We describe some recent advances in the numerical solution of acoustic scattering problems. A major focus of the paper is the efficient solution of high frequency scattering problems via hybrid numerical-asymptotic boundary element methods. We also make connections to the unified transform method due to A. S. Fokas and co-authors, analysing particular instances of this method, proposed by J. A. De-Santo and co-authors, for problems of acoustic scattering by diffraction gratings.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF WHITE GRAPE SEED EXTRACTS ON DPPH RADICALS

Composition and antioxidant activity of grape seed extract (GSE) obtained from red grape varietes are very well documented, in contrast to the white varietes. This paper presents the results of polyphenols content of ethyl acetate extract of grape seeds, obtained from two white grape varieties, Italian Riesling and Župljanka, and their antioxidant activity on the stable DPPH radical. The influence of the addition of GSE to raspberry juice on the DPPH radical was also examined. Content of total polyphenols in GSEs ranged between 81.6 and 82.8% (w/w), and the contetn of flavan-3-ols between 66.2 and 91.0% (w/w). HPLC results showed that the most abundant components in the extract were (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin for both grape varieties. All tested GSEs exhibited good antioxidant activity. IC50 values for the GSEs of Italian Riesling and Župljanka were 0.79 and 0.95 mg sample/mg DPPH radical, respectivelly. Since the GSE of Italian Riesling possesed stronger antioxidant activity, it was used for further experiments. The IC50 value for raspberry juice was 4.18 mg raspberry juice/mg DPPH. The raspberry juice with addition of 0.60 μg/mL of GSE showed antioxidant activity of 39.2%. The same juice with the threefold concentration of vitamin C (1.81 μg/ml) exhibited similar antioxidant activity (33.9%). Antioxidant activity of the same amount of juice without added antioxidants was lower (15.7%). The results showed that the GSE of white varietes could be considered as a good functional food ingredient.
The Supply of Off-Farm Labor: A Random Coefficients Approach

A joint model of off-farm labor decisions for farm operator and spouse is presented. Attention is given to operator and spouse participation decisions as well as associated problems of multiple sample selectivity biases. Two-stage fixed and random coefficient methods, corrected for possible selectivity biases, are used to estimate supply function parameters. Results indicate that supply function parameters are random. Variation in important supply parameters is investigated. Results also illustrate the importance of spouse decisions on off-farm labor supply function structure.
The Utilization of Different Protein Sources as Soybean Meal Substitution in the Flushing Diet on Reproductive Performances of Doeling

This research aimed to evaluate the effect of different protein sources (plant or animal source) as substitution of 50% soybean meal protein in the flushing diet on early reproduction performances of doeling. The treatments were three types of flushing diet, i.e., Control diet containing soybean meal (C), diet containing Indigofera meal (IM), and diet containing cricket meal (CM). Diet IM and CM were substitution of 50% soybean meal protein in the ration. Completely randomized design was used with three treatments and four replications by using twelve Sapera doeling. The experiment with flushing diet was done started from three weeks before mating (including adaptation), during mating and following one month after pregnancy. Parameters measured were nutrient consumption, BCS, plasma glucose, cholesterol, progesterone hormone and reproductive performance. The results showed that treatments of utilization of different protein sources were not significantly affected the feed consumption, BCS and reproductive performances of doeling, but it had significant effect (P<0.05) on plasma glucose and cholesterol. The protein source of Indigofera and cricket meal showed in improving of progesterone status to support until 30 days pregnancy. Diet containing cricket meal could improved onset estrous and duration of estrous. It was concluded that cricket meal can be used as an alternative protein source to substitute of 50% soybean meal protein in the Sapera doeling flushing diet and it can improve the reproductive performances.
How Companies Can Attract the Talented Vietnamese Graduates? An Experimental-Designed Investigation

This study tried to investigate the selection criteria determining talented host country applicants attraction tocompanies operating in Vietnam. Using about 3000 experimental decision-making data retrieved from 63undergraduates using policy-capturing methodology, the results showed that career advancement incentives suchas training and development opportunity and promotional opportunity are more important rather than bothmonetary and environmental incentives at the stage of selecting the initial job after graduation. At the same time,the results also implied that company nationality may not be related to the decisions. The findings mayencourage companies not only to reconsider their provided career advancement opportunities, but also topronounce these improvements on potential applicants. Detailed explanations, practical implications, and futuredirections are provided.
Research on Shifting Control Method of Positive Independent Mechanical Split Path Transmission for the Starting Gear

To realize a smooth and quick shift of the positive independent mechanical split path transmission (PIMSPT) equipped with automatic shifting control system (ASCS), the research on the feasibility of improving shift quality by dynamic and cooperative controlling engine, steering clutches, and brakes has been conducted. The shifting control method suited to starting gear of PIMSPT has been proposed. The control method is based on control parameters, such as the driving shaft speed and its derivative. The control laws of steering clutches and brakes are presented during each gear and stage of shifting. Bench and road test results show that the proposed shifting control method can not only shorten the shift time, but also decrease the jerk of shifting effectively.
The content of carbon and hydrogen in grass biomass and its influence on heating value

Carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) are the main chemical elements that determine the heating value of fuels. By combustion of biomass, C and H oxidize in an exothermic reaction. The carbon content in biomass is considerably higher (~45 %) than the hydrogen content (~6.5 %). In contrast, the heating value of H is approximately seven times higher than that of C. The more hydrogen per carbon, the lower the oxidation state and the more energy that will be released during the oxidation reaction, which is characterized by C/H ratio. In our study, the highest carbon content was detected in the mixtures (1/3) of tall fescue with osier (46.6 %) and reed canary grass with grey alder (46.9 %), whereas the lowest values were detected in the mixtures (3/1) of tall fescue with hybrid aspen (43.7 %) and reed canary grass with osier (43.4 %). The highest hydrogen content was found in timothy (5.93 %) and birch (6.83 %). In grass biomass, H content was on average 6 % lower than in wood biomass.
Estudio de la producción, composición, recuento celular de la leche y de la morfología mamaria en el ganado ovino de Raza Churra: aplicación al control lechero oficial

Se realizaron 3.173 controles semanales de ambos ordenos (am/pm) para las variables produccion de leche, contenidos en grasa, proteina, caseina, proteina serica, lactosa y solidos totales y para el rcs, en 155 lactaciones de 75 ovejas de raza churra del rebano de la universidad de leon. El n. Medio de controles por lactacion fue de 20,1 y el n. Medio de lactaciones por oveja fue de 2,1. Se realizaron tambien 753 controles de morfologia mamaria (mm) con perioricidad quincenal y mediante un sistema de escala lineal, en 95 lactaciones pertenecientes a 61 ovejas del rebano anteriormente citado. Se estudiaron la variacion, correlacion y repetibilidad de las variables mencionadas mediante dos modelos matematicos, el primero un modelo mixto en el que el efecto lactacion (l) fue considerado como aleatorio y el segundo un modelo fijo. A partir del anterior fichero de controles semanales se simularon las perdidas de precision para todas las variables, derivadas de la realizacion de los siguientes metodos simplificados de control: a) mensual de ambos ordenos b) mensual de ordeno fijo, corregido, bien por la produccion total o bien por el intervalo entre ordenos. C) alterno, sin corregir o corregido para la produccion o el intervalo. En todos los casos la produccion lechera fue normalizada a 120 dias. La referencia comparativa que el control semanal y el metodo estadistico de comparacion fue la regresion lineal. Finalmente por lo que respecta a la mm se analizo la evolucion a lo largo de la lactacion de cada uno de los caracteres calificados, la correlacion entre ellos y las repetibilidades intra e inter mensuales.
A Comparison of Simulated JWST Observations Derived from Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium Chemistry Models of Giant Exoplanets

We aim to see if the difference between equilibrium and disequilibrium chemistry is observable in the atmospheres of transiting planets by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We perform a case study comparing the dayside emission spectra of three planets like HD 189733b, WASP-80b, and GJ 436b, in and out of chemical equilibrium at two metallicities each. These three planets were chosen because they span a large range of planetary masses and equilibrium temperatures, from hot and Jupiter-sized to warm and Neptune-sized. We link the one-dimensional disequilibrium chemistry model from Venot et al. (2012), in which thermochemical kinetics, vertical transport, and photochemistry are taken into account, to the one-dimensional, pseudo line-by-line radiative transfer model, Pyrat bay, developed especially for hot Jupiters, and then simulate JWST spectra using PandExo for comparing the effects of temperature, metallicity, and radius. We find the most significant differences from 4 to 5 μm due to disequilibrium from CO and CO2 abundances, and also H2O for select cases. Our case study shows a certain “sweet spot” of planetary mass, temperature, and metallicity where the difference between equilibrium and disequilibrium is observable. For a planet similar to WASP-80b, JWST’s NIRSpec G395M can detect differences due to disequilibrium chemistry with one eclipse event. For a planet similar to GJ 436b, the observability of differences due to disequilibrium chemistry is possible at low metallicity given five eclipse events, but not possible at the higher metallicity.
Effect of micro-encapsulated n-3 fatty acids on quality properties of two types of dry sausages

Dry sausages are popular traditional meat products. As these products are a rich source of animal fat, there is an effort to improve their fatty acid ratio. The aim of this work was to study the effect of micro-encapsulated n-3 fatty acids added into dry sausages. Samples of dry sausages (Polican and Vysocina) enriched with unsaturated fatty acids (36 g for 6 kg of mixture) and rosemary extract (0.3 g·kg-1) were made along with control samples. Physicochemical, instrumental analyses were performed, fatty acid profile was measured by gas chromatography, and oxidation processes were monitored by determination of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. No significant differences (P ≥ 0.05) in quality indicators were found between samples, however, there were differences in oxidation processes. Sausages enriched with unsaturated fatty acids showed an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (> 2 mg·kg -1 and > 3 mg·kg -1 in Polican and Vysocina, respectively, compared to control). Sausages enriched with unsaturated fatty acids and also with rosemary extract have the similar concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances as the control. An increase in the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids was seen in samples of Polican supplemented with unsaturated fatty acids in combination with rosemary extract. The addition of rosemary extract had also a significant effect in increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in samples of Vysocina. From the viewpoint of quality indicators, changes in the properties of the product were not seen in any samples.
Dynamical Behaviour of Plates Subjected to a Flowing Fluid

In this paper we describe the development of a fluid-solid finite element to model plates subjected to flowing fluid under various boundary conditions. The mathematical model for the structure is developed using a combination of the finite element method and Sanders' shell theory. The membrane displacement field is approximated by bilinear polynomials and the transversal displacement by an exponential function. Fluid pressure is expressed by inertial, Coriolis and centrifugal fluid forces. Bernoulli's equation for the fluid-solid interface and partial differential equation of potential flow are applied to calculate the fluid pressure. Calculated results are in agreement with other analytical theories.
Slope Displacement Analyses Using Force Equilibrium-Based Finite Displacement Method and Circular Failure Surface

Conventional methods of slope stability provide a constant value for the safety factor of the slope, without information of slope displacements and possible variations of safety margins along the potential failure surface. To overcome this shortcoming, a force-equilibrium-based finite displacement method (FFDM) is proposed. Two well known slice methods for circular failure surfaces, namely, the simplified Bishop's and Fellenius' methods are considered in the proposed procedure. The FFDM takes into account all limit equilibrium requirements originally adopted in the slice method with additional displacement compatibility functions and hyperbolic shear stress-displacement relationships. The FFDM provides incremental slope displacements induced by internal or external stress (or safety status) variations. The FFDM also provides local stress-based and displacement-based safety factors as parts of analytical outputs. A monitored highway slope during a rainstorm is used in a preliminary verification of FFDM. Results of the comparative study shows that the slope displacements computed using Fellenius' approach tend to be over-conservative, regardless of different considerations on the influence of groundwater pressures, due partially to its less realistic assumption on the inter-slice forces. The simplified Bishop's method provides acceptable analytical slope displacement results comparable with that measured for the studied slope caused by an elevated groundwater, and is recommended for further applications.
Information geometry and local asymptotic normality for multi-parameter estimation of quantum Markov dynamics

This paper deals with the problem of identifying and estimating dynamical parameters of continuous-time quantum open systems, in the input-output formalism. First, we characterise the space of identifiable parameters for ergodic dynamics, assuming full access to the output state for arbitrarily long times, and show that the equivalence classes of undistinguishable parameters are orbits of a Lie group acting on the space of dynamical parameters. Second, we define an information geometric structure on this space, including a principal bundle given by the action of the group, as well as a compatible connection, and a Riemannian metric based on the quantum Fisher information of the output. We compute the metric explicitly in terms of the Markov covariance of certain "fluctuation operators", and relate it to the horizontal bundle of the connection. Third, we show that the system-output and reduced output state satisfy local asymptotic normality, i.e. they can be approximated by a Gaussian model consisting of coherent states of a multimode continuos variables system constructed from the Markov covariance "data". We illustrate the result by working out the details of the information geometry of a physically relevant two-level system.
Dominant Controls of Downdip Afterslip and Viscous Relaxation on the Postseismic Displacements Following the Mw7.9 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake

We analyze three‐dimensional GPS coordinate time series from continuously operating stations in Nepal and South Tibet and calculate the initial 1 year postseismic displacements. We first investigate models of poroelastic rebound, afterslip, and viscoelastic relaxation individually and then attempt to resolve the trade‐offs between their contributions by evaluating the misfit between observed and simulated displacements. We compare kinematic inversions for distributed afterslip with stress‐driven afterslip models. The modeling results show that no single mechanism satisfactorily explains near‐ and far‐field postseismic deformation following the Gorkha earthquake. When considering contributions from all three mechanisms, we favor a combination of viscoelastic relaxation and afterslip alone, as poroelastic rebound always worsens the misfit. The combined model does not improve the data misfit significantly, but the inverted afterslip distribution is more physically plausible. The inverted afterslip favors slip within the brittle‐ductile transition zone downdip of the coseismic rupture and fills the small gap between the mainshock and largest aftershock slip zone, releasing only 7% of the coseismic moment. Our preferred model also illuminates the laterally heterogeneous rheological structure between India and the South Tibet. The transient and steady state viscosities of the upper mantle beneath Tibet are constrained to be greater than 1018 Pa s and 1019 Pa s, whereas the Indian upper mantle has a high viscosity ≥1020 Pa s. The viscosity in the lower crust of southern Tibet shows a clear trade‐off with its southward extent and thickness, suggesting an upper bound value of ~8 × 1019 Pa s for its steady state viscosity.