Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
miR‐200b‐containing microvesicles attenuate experimental colitis associated intestinal fibrosis by inhibiting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), characterized by the decrease of E‐cadherin (E‐Cad) and increase in vimentin and alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), was demonstrated to participate in inflammatory bowel disease‐related fibrosis. miR‐200b plays an anti‐fibrosis role in inhibiting EMT by targeting ZEB1 and ZEB2. But the stability of exogenous miR‐200b in blood limits its application. Microvesicles (MVs), which can transfer miRNAs among cells and prevent them from degradation, may provide an excellent transport system for the delivery of miR‐200b in the treatment of fibrosis.
Controlled modification of mono- and bilayer graphene in O2, H2 and CF4 plasmas

In this work, covalent modification of mono- and bilayer graphene is achieved using tetrafluoromethane (CF4), oxygen and hydrogen RF plasma. Controlled modification of graphene is usually difficult to achieve, in particular with oxygen plasma, which is rather aggressive and usually leads to etching of graphene. Here we use x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy to show that mild plasma conditions and fine tuning of the number of functional groups can be obtained in all plasmas by varying parameters such as exposure time and sample position inside the chamber. We found that even for the usual harsh oxygen treatment the defect density could be lowered, down to one defect for 3.5 × 104 carbon atoms. Furthermore, we show that CF4 plasma leads to functionalization without etching and that graphene becomes an insulator at saturation coverage. In addition, the reactivity of mono- and bilayer graphene was studied revealing faster modification of monolayer in oxygen and CF4 plasma, in agreement with previous works. In contrast, similar modification rates were observed for both mono- and bilayer during hydrogenation. We attribute this discrepancy to the presence of more energetic species in the hydrogen plasma such as positive ions that could play a role in the functionalization process.
Progressive course of isolated splenic myeloid sarcoma

A previously healthy 40-year-old male presented with a 2-week history of fever and abdominal discomfort that was resistant to empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. The patient’s blood cell count and complete biochemical panel was normal, except for an increased lactate dehydrogenase level. Ultrasonography and computed tomography of the abdomen showed a large, soft tissue mass had infiltrated superior part of the spleen. Splenectomy with total tumor mass removal were performed. The pathological examination of the tumor tissue confirmed diagnosis of isolated myeloid sarcoma with monoblastic differentiation. Despite intensive antileukemic therapy, patient died four months after diagnosis was established.
Forensic Medicine: A Guide to Principles

Color Atlas of Forensic Pathology, by G. Austin Gresham, 304 pp, 295 illus, Chicago, Year Book, 1975. The emergence of forensic pathology as a specialty has seen the appearance of numerous books in the field, most of them good. One is tempted to look for the single best one to recommend to students and practitioners, but unfortunately, this is not possible. Gordon and Shapiro's book is based on South African experience but there is little in it that needs qualification for American readers. It is well written, not verbose, and enlivened by many colorful sentences. Definitions are clear and concise, and the text is not dogmatic. It is based on its authors' experience; therein lies its strength and its weakness, for it is lengthy and complete on subjects in which the authors are interested, but skimpy on other things. There is a detailed analysis of one case of arsenic poisoning,
Local burn versus local cold induced acute effects on in vivo microcirculation and histomorphology of the human skin

Background: The impact of burns and colds on human skin microcirculation and histomorphology has not been compared as yet. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) enables in vivo insight in human skin on cellular and subcellular levels. We evaluated analogies and differences of thermal injuries on microcirculation and histomorphology in vivo using RCM. Methods: Local superficial burn (6 female, 4 male; aged 28.4 ± 2.9 years, burn group) versus superficial cold (4 female, 6 male; aged 30.4 ± 5.2 years, cold group) was induced on the dorsum of the hand in an experimental immersion hand model. In vivo RCM was performed prior (control), immediately (t1) and 15 minutes (t2) following thermal injury to evaluate: Individual blood cell flow (IBCF), functional capillary density (FCD), epidermal thickness (ET), and granular cell size (GCS). Results: In the burn group, IBCF was increased at t1 (78.02 ± 2.60/min) and remained elevated at t2 (84.16 ± 3.04/min). In the cold group, IBCF decreased at t1 (12.62 ± 2.12 min) and increased at t2 (74.24 ± 3.14/min, P < 0.05) compared to the controls (58.23 ± 3.21/min). FCD was 6.74 ± 0.52/mm2 in controls and increased at both t1 (7.82 ± 0.72/mm2) and t2 (8.02 ± 0.81/mm2) in the burn group. In the cold group, FCD decreased at t1 (2.60 ± 0.42/mm2) and increased at t2 (7.92 ± 0.44/mm2, P < 0.05). ET increased at both t1 (43.12 ± 4.08 μm, P > 0.05) and t2 (47.26 ± 4.72 μm, P < 0.05) in the burn group. In the cold group, ET decreased at t1 (39.92 ± 3.14 μm, P > 0.05) and increased at t2 (44.72 ± 4.06 μm, P < 0.05) compared to the controls (41.26 ± 3.82 μm). Control GCS was 726.9 ± 59.4 μm2 and increased at both t1 (739.8 ± 69.8 μm2, P > 0.05) and t2 (762.6 ± 71.4 μm2, P < 0.05) in the burn group. In the cold group, GCS decreased at t1 (712.4 ± 53.8 μm2, P > 0.05) and increased at t2 (742.6 ± 64.8 μm2, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Superficial burn induces more cellular destruction and cold leads to huge fluctuation in tissue perfusion, however, with moderate impact on histomorphology. The effect on dermal capillaries suggests a selective neural control and cold injuries might down‐regulate this system, much more than burns can activate it. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enrolment Rates into Parenting Programs using a Clinically Viable Recruitment Strategy

Studies of parenting programs often have enrolment rates of 20% or more of the targeted parents. These rates are usually from funded research projects, and may not equate to enrolment rates in programs using clinically viable recruitment strategies without large specialist funding. Two studies were conducted to explore the enrolment rates of parents in group parenting programs. The first investigated the enrolment rate of parents of 5—12-yearold children in a community parenting program, using a clinically viable recruitment strategy. Flyers were twice sent home with the children advertising the program, which was offered both during the day and evening. Parents from nine Australian schools, with a total of 5,275 students from 3,740 families, were offered the program. Only 0.48% enrolled (N = 18 parents). In the second study, the variables of program cost (free vs $20), pre-enrolment requirements (completion of three questionnaires vs no questionnaires), and program duration/type (four-session general parenting program vs single-session specific problem program) were explored. Results showed that the different levels on each variable had no significant impact on parent enrolment. Discussion concludes that, without specialist funding, the snowball effect of parents enrolling because of word-of-mouth endorsement may be a key factor in ensuring that enough parents attend such programs. This has important planning implications for services wishing to introduce new programs to their community. The clinical implications are that more consideration needs to be given to methods that improve enrolment rates in such programs, and in particular programs training clinicians to conduct such community parenting programs should include a module on recruitment strategies.
Bone repair investigation using rhBMP‐2 and angiogenic protein extracted from latex

Background: The aim of this work was to study the new bone tissue formation after bone morphogenetic protein type 2 (rhBMP‐2) and P‐1 application, using 5 and 10 μg of each, combined to a material carrier, in critical bone defects. Methods: It was used 70 Wistar rats (male, ∼250 g) that were divided in 10 groups with seven animals on each. Groups are the following: critical bone defect only, pure monoolein gel, 5 μg of pure P‐1, 5 μg of pure rhBMP‐2, 5 μg of P‐1/monoolein gel, 5 μg of rhBMP‐2/monoolein gel, 10 μg of pure P‐1, 10 μg of pure rhBMP‐2, 10 μg of P‐1/monoolein gel, 10 μg of rhBMP‐2/monoolein gel. Animals were sacrificed after 4 weeks of the surgical procedure and the bone samples were submitted to histological, histomorphometrical, and immunohistochemical evaluations. Results: Animals treated with pure P‐1 protein, in both situations with 5 μg and 10 μg, had no significant difference (P > 0.05) for new bone formation; other groups treated with 10 μg were statistically significant (P < 0.05) among themselves and when compared with groups in which it was inserted the monoolein gel or critical bone defect only (P < 0.05). In the group involving the 10 μg rhBMP‐2/monoolein gel association, it was observed an extensive bone formation, even when compared with the same treatment without the gel carrier. Conclusion: Using this experimental animal model, more new bone tissue was found when it was inserted the rhBMP‐2, especially when this protein was combined to the vehicle, and this process seems to be dose dependent. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis of the interface and bond strength of resin‐based endodontic cements to root dentin

This study evaluated by scanning electron microscopy the interface between root dentin and resin cements, with or without additional application of a dual‐cured one‐step self‐etching dentin adhesive. In addition, the push‐out bond strength of these materials to dentin was evaluated. Root canals of 50 maxillary human canines were subjected to biomechanical preparation and randomly assigned into five groups (n = 10) according to the obturation employed: I. AH Plus/gutta‐percha; II. Endo‐REZ/gutta‐percha; III. Epiphany SE/Resilon; IV. Endo‐REZ/gutta‐percha + adhesive; and V. Epiphany SE/Resilon + adhesive. After obturation, two cross sections of 1.0 mm of each third of the root were obtained and analyzed by SEM and push‐out. Data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis, Two‐way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD tests (α = 5%). Significant differences occurred between scores for gap parameters and tags; greater tag formation resulted for Epiphany SE (P < 0.05). There were also significant differences between groups for the bond strength. AH Plus (1.24 ± 0.70) showed higher values (P < 0.05) compared to groups II (0,17 ± 0.19), III (0.10 ± 0.06), IV (0.09 ± 0.08), and V (0.06 ± 0.03), which were statistically similar (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the root thirds (P > 0.05). It was concluded that the use of a self‐etching adhesive system did not improve the adhesion of resin‐based sealers to dentin and that AH Plus showed better bond strength when compared to other cements. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
LATER DEVELOPMENT OF BREAST FED AND ARTIFICALLY FED INFANTS: COMPARISON OF PHYSICAL AND MENTAL GROWTH

Much has been written about the advantages of breast feeding over artificial feeding of infants but the emphasis has been placed on the effect during the first two years of life. Few, if any, investigations have been made bearing on the later physical and mental development of the babies. It is our purpose in this article to report, with no attempt at interpretation, the results of tests and measurements made on 383 children, ranging in ages from 7 to 13 years and grouped according to the length of the period of exclusive breast feeding. The data here presented are a part of a study of growth, now in preparation for publication, which was made under the auspices of the Elizabeth McCormick Memorial Fund in Joliet (Ill.) public schools during the last five years. Development and growth were determined by medical examinations of the children stripped, made by Drs. Stanley Gibson,
Depression Symptoms and Oral Discomfort in Elderly Adults

VITA: Study design, recruitment strategies and level of participation. J Neural Transm 2002;62(Suppl):103–116. 4. Fischer P, Jungwirth S, Hinterberger M et al. Reversible Alzheimer’s disease. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011;59:1137–1138. 5. Stetler C, Miller GE. Depression and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activation: A quantitative summary of four decades of research. Psychosom Med 2011;73:114–126. 6. Dotson VM, Beydoun MA, Zonderman AB. Recurrent depressive symptoms and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Neurology 2010;75:27–34. 7. Lee BK, Glass TA, Wand GS et al. Apolipoprotein E genotype, cortisol and cognitive function in community dwelling older adults. Am J Psychiatry 2008;165:1456–1464. 8. Karlamangla AS, Singer BH, Chodosh J et al. Urinary cortisol excretion as a predictor of incident cognitive impairment. Neurobiol Aging 2005;26 (Suppl 1):80–84. 9. Rothman SM, Mattson MP. Adverse stress, hippocampal networks and Alzheimer’ disease. NeuroMol Med 2010;12:56–70. 10. Hinterberger M, Fischer P. Folate and Alzheimer: When time matters. J Neural Transm 2013;120:211–224.
High-Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation Therapy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of high-frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO) therapy in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of 18 patients receiving HFCWO therapy. Data was obtained pre-treatment and post-treatment including ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R), forced vital capacity (FVC), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), peak cough expiratory flow (PCEF), and daytime oximetry. Results: Daytime oximetry increased for 8 of 18 patients. None of the other measures changed significantly over the 3 months, although the change in slope of FVC, MIP, and PCEF following initiation of treatment suggested a reduction in the rate of decline of each measure. A patient survey revealed that 92% felt better after therapy and that their breathing was easier. Of patients, 85% agreed that it was easier to clear airways and that it had improved their quality of life. Conclusions: HFCWO appears to be an effective tool for airway secretion management in ALS patients and may also have an impact in improving daytime oxygen saturation.
Morphoanatomical and phytochemical studies of Salvia lachnostachys (Lamiaceae)

Salvia lachnostachys Benth. , Lamiaceae, is a endemic species from southern Brazil. The essential oil of its leaves and flowers is mainly constituted by aliphatic compounds, such as dodecanoic acid, with sesquiterpenes as minor constituents. This work evaluated the morphology, anatomy, microchemistry, and phytochemistry of S. lachnostachys to provide advanced knowledge of Brazilian plants with medicinal potential. Light and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used in the anatomical and microchemical studies. Compounds were isolated by chromatographic techniques, identified by analysis of their NMR spectra and compared with published data. S. lachnostachys can be distinguished from other related species mainly by its petiolate leaves, terminal inflorescence, persistent bracts, and villous‐glandular corolla. The stem and leaves of S. lachnostachys display anatomical characteristics common to the family Lamiaceae. However, this species can be distinguished from other family members by the morphology and the presence of eglandular and glandular trichomes, as well as the organization of the vascular bundles of the petiole. The phytochemical results revealed that S. lacnostachys produces oleanolic and ursolic acids in addition to the diterpene fruticuline A, which is a rare compound, previously found only in Salvia fruticulosa Benth. and S. corrugata Vahl. Ursolic and oleanolic acids are bioactive triterpenes that exhibit antiatherosclerotic, anticancer, antihypertensive, antinflammatory, antileukemic, antimutagenic, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antiviral activities, and fruticuline A has antibacterial activity. Microsc. Res. Tech. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical Manual of Eating Disorders

Contributors. Preface. Diagnosis, epidemiology, and clinical course of eating disorders. Assessment and determination of initial treatment approaches for patients with eating disorders. Eating disorders and psychiatric comorbidity: prevalence and treatment modifications. Management of anorexia nervosa in inpatient and partial hospitalization settings. Management of anorexia nervosa in an ambulatory setting. Family treatment of eating disorders. Management of bulimia nervosa. Management of eating disorders not otherwise specified. Psychiatric aspects of bariatric surgery. Medication-related weight changes: impact on treatment of eating disorder patients. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for eating disorders. Psychodynamic management of eating disorders. Eating disorders in special populations: medical comorbidities and complicating or unusual conditions. Athletes and eating disorders. Cultural considerations in eating disorders. Managing patients with chronic, intractable eating disorders. Index.
Hearing Loss and Depression in Older Adults

TO THE EDITOR Hearing loss (HL) is a common, but underappreciated health issue affecting older adults. The functional consequences of HL for older adults are now surfacing in epidemiological studies demonstrating that HL may be independently associated with depression1 and loneliness.2 Compared to other medical co-morbidities, HL is more strongly associated with the development of depression in older adults.1 Whether hearing rehabilitative treatment may mitigate the possible effects of HL on depression remains unclear. We investigated the association of HL and hearing aid use with major depressive disorder (MDD)in a nationally representative study of older patients.
Changing the Body: Psychological Effects of Plastic Surgery

This book, written by a plastic surgeon and a psychiatrist, gives the reader a psychiatric background that can be clinically applied to the patient undergoing plastic surgery. The book is divided into two parts; part 1 is a psychiatric primer and part 2 explains the use of the material presented in part 1. The introduction of part 1 grasps the reader's attention by discussing the murder of a plastic surgeon, Dr Vasquez Anon, by a dissatisfied paranoid patient. It then proceeds to dis-
Comparison of Corneal Thickness and Anterior Chamber Depth Measured With Orbscan, Pentacam, and Ultrasound Pachymetry

Purpose: We compared the measurements of corneal thickness and anterior chamber depth (ACD) using three different methods Orbscan, Pentacam and ultrasound pachymetry. Methods: In healthy volunteers, central corneal thickness was measured with Orbscan, Pentacam and ultrasound pachymetry. Estimation of peripheral corneal thickness and ACD were done by Orbscan and Pentacam. All results were compared statistically. Results: The mean central corneal thickness of 64 eyes measured by Orbscan, Pentacam and ultrasound pachymetry were 509.1${\pm}>61.0 {\mu}m$, 539.2 and 527.4, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the results among the three methods (repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), p0.90, p
Ranking and Rankability of Hospital Postoperative Mortality Rates in Colorectal Cancer Surgery

Objectives:To examine to what extent random variation and variation in case-mix influence hospital rankings on the basis of mortality rates and to determine the suitability of mortality for ranking hospitals in colorectal surgery. Background:Comparing and ranking postoperative mortality rates between hospitals becomes increasingly popular. Differences in hospital case-mix, and chance variation related to caseload, may influence rankings. The suitability of mortality for rankings remains unclear. Methods:Data were derived from the Dutch Surgical Colorectal Audit. Hospital rankings based on fixed- and random-effects logistic regression models, unadjusted and adjusted for case-mix were compared with the percentile based on expected ranks (the chance that a hospital performs better than a random hospital). Rankability, measuring which part of variation between hospitals is not due to chance, was calculated. Results:Some 25,591 patients undergoing colorectal resections in 92 hospitals were evaluated. Postoperative mortality rates ranged between 0% and 8.8%. Adjustment for case-mix with a fixed-effects model caused large changes in rankings. A smaller additional effect on changes in rankings occurred after adjusting with a random-effects model, with lower volume hospitals moving toward the mean. Percentile based on expected ranks ranged between 10% and 85%. Rankability was 38%, meaning that 62% of hospital variation in mortality was due to chance. Conclusions:Hospital ranks changed after case-mix adjustment and random-effects models, compared with unadjusted analysis. A large proportion of hospital variation in mortality was due to chance. Caution should be warranted when interpreting hospital rankings on the basis of postoperative mortality. Percentiles of expected ranks may help identify hospitals with exceptional performance.
Weight Loss and Homeostatic Imbalance of Leptin and Ghrelin Levels in Lean Older Adults

ciation with being underweight. It was one of the chronic wasting diseases with systemic inflammation and protein degradation, and the prevalence was higher in the underweight population with greater disease-specific mortality. Sarcopenia was considered the possible pathophysiological mechanism behind the obesity paradox. The RAP trigger for nutrition was not a good indicator of underweight or obesity. Most MDS items for nutrition were not found to be good indicators of protein or calorie malnutrition. Other tools with better detection sensitivity and specificity, such as bioelectrical impedance analysis for sarcopenia, should be employed in assessment of nutritional risk for nursing home residents. There are several limitations of this study. First, BMI was not necessarily correlated with measures of body composition, such as visceral adiposity and sarcopenia. Second, the dynamic change in BMI, RAP triggers, and disease diagnosis could not be fully presented in this cohort study. Weight loss, new RAP triggers, and new disease diagnoses were all considered important risk factors for mortality and morbidity. Third, all participants were male, so the results should not be generalized to women. In conclusion, being underweight was associated with greater risk of mortality after adjustment for age and comorbidities. Chronic lung disease was significantly associated with being underweight. Other than the intervention program for malnutrition, a multidimensional approach for all associated factors would prevent further adverse health outcomes in the elderly population.