Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE REGIONAL AGGLOMERATION IMPACAT OF JUST-I-TIME INPUT LINLAGES: EVIDENCE FROM THE SCOTTISH ELECTONICS INDUSTRY

There is no clear consensus as yet concerning the possible regional agglomeration impacts of Japanese just-in-time manufacturing techniques. This paper attempts to provide a theoretical structure to discussing such questions and then uses a logit model to analyze evidence from the Scottish electronics industry. The results provide support for the suggestion not only that the adoption of such techniques within the United Kingdom will encourage the shortening of input linkages but also that this phenomenon is not restricted purely to the case of the automotive industry. Copyright 1996 by Scottish Economic Society.
Against which human papillomavirus types shall we vaccinate and screen? the international perspective

At least 15 types of HPV have been associated with cervical cancer, but current HPV vaccines confer only type‐specific immunity. To determine geographic variations in the HPV type distribution in cervical cancer, we carried out a pooled analysis of data from an international survey of HPV types in cervical cancer and from a multicenter case‐control study, both co‐coordinated by the IARC. Study cases were 3,607 women with incident, histologically confirmed cervical cancer recruited in 25 countries. HPV DNA detection and typing in cervical cells or biopsies were centrally done using PCR assays. Estimates of the potential number of cases prevented by HPV type‐specific vaccines and changes in the validity of different HPV screening cocktails were calculated. HPV DNA was detected in 96% of specimens, and 30 different types were detected. The 15 most common types were, in descending order of frequency, 16, 18, 45, 31, 33, 52, 58, 35, 59, 56, 39, 51, 73, 68 and 66. Higher than average proportions of type 16 were found in northern Africa, of type 18 in south Asia, of type 45 in sub‐Saharan Africa and of type 31 in Central/South America. A vaccine including types 16 and 18 could potentially prevent 71% of cervical cancers worldwide, but its impact with regard to the percentage of cases potentially prevented would be higher in Asia and Europe/North America. In contrast, a vaccine containing the 7 most common HPV types would prevent about 87% of cervical cancers worldwide, with little regional variation. The impact of modifying the number of types in the screening cocktail tests would be small and probably irrelevant for screening programs. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Price Discovery, Causality and Forecasting in the Freight Futures Market

This paper investigates the causal relationship between futures and spot prices in the freight futures market. Being a thinly traded market whose underlying asset is a service, sets it apart from other markets investigated so far in the literature. Causality tests, generalised impulse response analysis and forecasting performance evaluation indicate that futures prices tend to discover new information more rapidly than spot prices. Revisions in the composition of the underlying index to make it more homogeneous, have strengthened the price discovery role of futures prices. The information incorporated in futures prices, when formulated as a VECM, produces more accurate forecasts of spot prices than the VAR, ARIMA and random-walk models, over several steps ahead.
R&D and Firm Performance in a Transition Economy

We estimate the effects of R&D on firms' credit ratings and on financial distress. The main purpose is the comparison of firms in Western Germany and Eastern Germany as a transitional economy. Innovative activity has a positive impact on firm value proxied by ratings in Western Germany, but a negative impact in Eastern Germany. We also consider future financial distress, and find that R&D in Eastern German firms leads to higher default risk, in contrast to Western Germany. There, R&D enhances future performance. This result is highly politically relevant, since the high level of subsidies present in Eastern Germany may be subject to misallocation.
Resolvin E1 Selectively Interacts with Leukotriene B4 Receptor BLT1 and ChemR23 to Regulate Inflammation1

Resolvin E1 (RvE1) is a potent anti-inflammatory and proresolving mediator derived from omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid generated during the resolution phase of inflammation. RvE1 possesses a unique structure and counterregulatory actions that stop human polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) transendothelial migration and PMN infiltration in several murine inflammatory models. To examine the mechanism(s) underlying anti-inflammatory actions on PMNs, we prepared [3H]RvE1 and characterized its interactions with human PMN. Results with membrane fractions of human PMN demonstrated specific binding with a Kd of 48.3 nM. [3H]RvE1 specific binding to human PMN was displaced by leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and LTB4 receptor 1 (BLT1) antagonist U-75302, but not by chemerin peptide, a ligand specific for another RvE1 receptor ChemR23. Recombinant human BLT1 gave specific binding with [3H]RvE1 with a Kd of 45 nM. RvE1 selectively inhibited adenylate cyclase with BLT1, but not with BLT2. In human PBMC, RvE1 partially induced calcium mobilization, and blocked subsequent stimulation by LTB4. RvE1 also attenuated LTB4-induced NF-κB activation in BLT1-transfected cells. In vivo anti-inflammatory actions of RvE1 were sharply reduced in BLT1 knockout mice when given at low doses (100 ng i.v.) in peritonitis. In contrast, RvE1 at higher doses (1.0 μg i.v.) significantly reduced PMN infiltration in a BLT1-independent manner. These results indicate that RvE1 binds to BLT1 as a partial agonist, potentially serving as a local damper of BLT1 signals on leukocytes along with other receptors (e.g., ChemR23-mediated counterregulatory actions) to mediate the resolution of inflammation.
Factors Associated With Parental Activation in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Patient activation, the extension of self-efficacy into self-management, is an essential component of effective chronic care. In pediatric populations, caregiver activation is also needed for proper disease management. This study investigates the relationships between parental activation and other characteristics of parent–child dyads (N = 198) presenting for pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Parental activation concerning their child’s health was assessed using the Parent Patient Activation Measure (Parent-PAM), a modified version of the well-validated Patient Activation Measure (PAM). Using hierarchical linear regression and following the Belsky process model for determining parenting behaviors, a multivariate model was created for parental activation on behalf of their child that showed that the parent’s age, rating of their own general health, self-activation, and duration of the child’s illness were significantly related to Parent-PAM score. Our findings characterize a potentially distinct form of activation in a parent–child cohort preparing for a demanding clinical course.
The Roles of Relationship With Family and Life Values in the Housing Choices of Elderly Koreans

Housing choice is a significant factor in forecasting the housing market. In an aging population in which the wealth of the elderly is found mostly in housing equity, the housing choices of the elderly are an increasingly important yet underrepresented research theme. In addition to lower income and greater leisure time, the change of family relationships of the elderly are likely to result in significantly different housing choices from those made by younger groups. This article investigates the roles of family relationships and life values in the housing choices (tenure and location) of elderly Koreans. Subjective life satisfaction and propensity for expenditure were found to be significant determinants in the choice of housing tenure, whereas the choice of location is influenced by circumstances, especially their relationship with their children. These findings provide new insight into the Asian housing market, in which the elderly of traditional large families have a children-oriented mindset and maintain a geographic proximity with their children despite a growing trend toward family nuclearization.
Signaling, Information Content, and the Reluctance to Cut Dividends

Managerial aversion to reduce dividends is not only an assertion to be found in the financial literature (see, for example, [2], [4], [8], [9]), but is also the basis for the informational content of dividends hypothesis (see [8]). Furthermore, its existence, if known to investors, can explain dividend payments which involve tax and transaction related costs. Surprisingly, the empirical evidence on this assertion is less than satisfactory. This study examines the existing empirical evidence on this assertion and points out its limitations. A new test, that can refute the informational content associated with the reluctance to cut dividends, is then performed.
Writing territorial conflict

A review essay for the Review of International Political Economy B. Coppieters, M. Emerson, M. Huysseune, T. Kovziridze, G. Noutcheva, N. Tocci and M. Vahl (2004) Europeanization and Conflict Resolution Case Stuidiesfrom the European Periphery, Gent: Academia Press. J. Mansvelt Beck (2005) Territory and Terror: Conflicting Nationalisms in the Basque Country, London and New York: Routledge. M. D. Toft (2003) The Geography of Ethnic Violence Identity, Interests and the Indivisibility of Territory, Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press.
A National Study of the Ethical Dilemmas Faced by Student Conduct Administrators

Although previous studies examined the ethical dilemmas faced by student affairs administrators (Janosik, Creamer, & Humphrey, 2004; Janosik, 2007), no such study explored the ethical dimensions of administering student conduct. The purpose of this mixed method study was to identify the ethical dilemmas experienced by student conduct administrators and to test the applicability of Kitchener’s model as a framework for resolving ethical dilemmas. Also examined were the theories, professional codes, and core values informing ethical decision making. Further, the study explored possible correlations between knowledge of ethical principles and codes, and actual use of the ethical principles and codes. Finally, the study inquired about the amount of graduate school training in ethics. A national survey with open-ended questions and Likert-scale items in Survey Monkey was disseminated online to 1,595 professionals belonging to the Association for Student Conduct Administration (ASCA) in February 2011 yielding a 24.38% response rate. Results were coded using qualitative techniques (Tesch, 1990) and uploaded into PASW, Version 18, formerly called SPSS, for analysis. The results indicated that sexual assault cases, situations involving athletes, demands for preferential treatment, and alcohol/drug policy enforcement most often pose ethical dilemmas. Categorical grouping of ethical dilemmas fit well under Kitchener’s principles, particularly justice. Student conduct administrators reported relying most heavily on their professional code of ethics, personal values, cultural perspectives, institutional mission, and legal ramifications to resolve dilemmas. There was a significant correlation (p < .01) between the extent of respondents’ knowledge of ethical theories and frequency
The Changing Relationships of Co-wives Over Time in Rural Southern Uganda

Abstract Co-wives are often portrayed both as being rivals for their husband's affections and resources as well as collaborators in managing the family. I explore a further dimension: historical time. The life trajectories of individual women in rural Uganda show how co-wife relationships are established, change, endure or end. In addition to ageing, which plays a part in women's changing conjugal arrangements, political upheavals and HIV and AIDS have also had a profound impact on their lives, affecting not only their relationship and attitude towards their husbands but also towards their children, as well as each other.
Clinical and biochemical abnormalities in people heterozygous for hemochromatosis.

BACKGROUND Ten percent of whites are heterozygous for the HLA-linked hemochromatosis mutation. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 1058 genotyped heterozygotes to define the effects of age and sex on the phenotype. METHODS The heterozygous genotype was assigned to 505 male and 553 female members of 202 pedigrees, each with an HLA-typed homozygous proband. We measured serum iron, transferrin saturation, and ferritin in all heterozygotes and in 321 genetically normal subjects (unaffected family members or spouses of family members). Liver biopsies were performed in a subgroup of heterozygotes. RESULTS The mean serum iron concentrations and transferrin-saturation values were higher in heterozygotes than in normal subjects and did not increase with age. Initial transferrin-saturation levels exceeding the threshold associated with the homozygous genotype were found in 4 percent of male and 8 percent of female heterozygotes. The geometric mean serum ferritin concentration was higher in heterozygotes than in normal subjects and increased with age. Higher-than-normal values were found in 20 percent of male and 8 percent of female heterozygotes. The clinical and biochemical expression of hemochromatosis was more marked in heterozygotes with paternally transmitted mutations than in those with maternally transmitted mutations. Liver-biopsy abnormalities were generally associated with alcohol abuse, hepatitis, or porphyria cutanea tarda. CONCLUSIONS The phenotype of persons heterozygous for hemochromatosis differs from that of normal subjects, but complications due to iron overload alone in these heterozygotes are extremely rare.
What determines the sensitivity of the real exchange rate in Colombia to a terms of trade shock?

We show that the sensitivity of the real exchange rate to terms of trade shocks is greater the lower the elasticity of final and derived demand between domestic and imported items. We develop a novel Kalman filter-based method to estimate these key parameters for Colombia, taking account of preference shifts, technological relative price trends and errors in sectoral data. We find that the elasticity of the input of the distribution sector in transforming imports from domestic consumption reliably indicates complementarity, implying that rigidities in this sector matter in determining the sensitivity of the Colombian economy to external shocks.
Monetary and Fiscal Policy Coordination and Macroeconomic Stabilization. A Theoretical Analysis

We examine the relations between monetary and fiscal policies in the process of macroeconomic stabilization.Our model suggests that each policimaker prefers to be the second mover in a “Stakelberg” situation, i.e. where one policy makers precommits its policy choce. At the same time, both Stakelberg solutions are preferable, for each policumaker, to the Nash solution. We argue that there is a natural way to choose among two Stakelberg games. The solution implies that the government acts as a leader and sets fiscal policy according to the minimization of the Social Welfare Function (which fully internalizes also the objective of price stability). This optimal solution mirrors the existing institutional arrangements, where fiscal policy decisions ate typically taken before, and less frequently than monetary policy decisions. We interpret our results in relation to the debate on monetary-fiscal coordination in EMU and on the role of the Stability and Growth Pact. We argue that a coordination mechanism along the lines of the Broad Economic Policy is desirable.
Yurtici Tasarruflar ve Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi: Turkiye’deki Uygulamaya Iliskin Bir Degerlendirme

Turkiye’de yurtici tasarruf orani son yillarda belirgin bir dusus gostermistir. Soz konusu dusus tasarruf-yatirim aciginin buyumesinde dolayisiyla yuksek cari islemler aciginin ortaya cikmasinda etkili olmaktadir. Bu cercevede, hanehalki tasarruflarini artirmaya yonelik olarak Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi’nde degisiklik yapilmistir. Yeni sistem, tasarrufcu tabanini genisletmeyi ve surecleri basitlestirmeyi hedeflemistir. Bircok gelismekte olan ulke de sosyal guvenlik alaninda yaptiklari reformlarla birlikte agirlikli olarak zorunlu olmak uzere mevcut kamu emeklilik sistemlerinin yani sira ozel emeklilik sistemlerini uygulamaya koymuslardir. Ekonometrik tahminler, soz konusu uygulamalarin gecikmeli olarak yurtici tasarruf oranlarinda yaklasik 1,5 puana kadar artisa yol acabildigini gostermektedir. Turkiye’de uygulanan yeni sistemin gonulluluk esasina dayanmasi ve fon isletim giderlerinin oldukca yuksek olmasi, yapilan degisikligin tasarruflari artirici etkisinin sinirli olacagini dusundurmektedir. Yapilan projeksiyonlar, mevcut fon isletim gideri oranlari baz alindiginda katilimcilarin yatirimlarini sistem disinda degerlendirmelerinin kendileri icin daha avantajli olabilecegine isaret etmektedir. Fon isletim giderlerini dusurucu girisimler yeni sistemin buyumesi acisindan hayati onem tasimaktadir.
The Generation of Plays: Yoruba Popular Life in Theater

Preliminary Table of Contents: Acknowledgments A Note on Orthography 1. Introduction 2. The History of a Founder, a Genre, and a Public 3. The Actors 4. Getting a Show on the Road 5. The Generation of Plays 6. The Filling Out a Play 7. Audiences 8. Television, Film, and Video 9. The World of the Work: Place, Gender, and Politics 10. Literacy, "Enlightenment," and "Tradition" 11. Work, Destiny, and Self-making 12. Language and the Moral Public 13. Conclusion: The Lessons of Example Appendix 1: Synopses Appendix 2: Yoruba Text of a Sene from Taking Care of K nl? Notes Bibliography Index
Major histocompatibility complex class II I-E-independent transmission of C3H mouse mammary tumor virus

C57BL/6 mice are resistant to C3H mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-induced mammary tumorigenesis and lack major histocompatibility complex class II I-E molecules that are essential for presentation of C3H superantigen to T cells. T cells are needed for transmission of milk-borne MMTV from the gut to the mammary gland. In this report, we show that infectious C3H MMTV is produced by C57BL/6 mice that nurse on C3H mothers but that virus production in the mammary gland is delayed compared with that in I-E+ mouse strains.
Lodging REIT Performance and Comparison With Other Equity REIT Returns

This study investigated the performance of lodging real estate investment trusts (REITs) over a 13-year period. The study period was highlighted by economic growth, decline, geopolitical, and social events. These conditions and events affected lodging demand, and consequently the performance of the underlying REIT asset, the lodging facility. The results of the study indicated that overall, the performance of lodging REITs was inferior to the market portfolios as a whole. Lodging REITs' performance was also inferior to other equity REITs except for retail and specialty REITs. These findings suggest that the lodging REIT sector might not be as resilient as other equity REIT subsectors.
Pooling of prognostic studies in cancer of the pancreatic head and periampullary region: the Triple-P study

Objective: Development of a prognostic tool for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer to distinguish between with low or high probabilities of survival 3 to 9 months after diagnosis.Design: Data about individual patients from five studies were pooled. A multivariate proportional hazards model with time-dependent covariates was developed, including age, sex, and metastases. An extended model was developed on a subset of patients, including weight loss, pain, and jaundice at diagnosis.Setting: Multicentre study, The Netherlands, Norway, USA, UK, and Canada.Subjects: 1020 patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer.Main outcome measures: Prediction of prognosis.Results: Patients with metastases, pain, or weight loss at diagnosis had a significantly poorer prognosis than the others. Older men had a worse prognosis than younger men, while older women had a better prognosis than younger ones. Patients with jaundice had a relatively good prognosis. Differences in survival among the studies were incorpora.
The Effect of Accounting Exercise to Motivate First Year Accounting Students (故 脇浦則行教授埠悼号)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the class activity Accounting Exercise to motivate learners in a rst year undergraduate accounting course. Over the past decade it is becoming more evident that the number of students majoring in accounting has been declining across the globe. For example, the American Accounting Association (AAA) and the American Institute of Certi ed Public Accountants (AICPA) recently released a report titled "Charting a National Strategy for the Next Generation of Accountants" addressing the issue of declining high-quality candidates in accounting majors (PCAHE, 2012). This report made recommendations to develop strategies on how to attract the best and brightest students to the accounting profession. A similar declining trend in the number of accounting students has also been seen in the literature from countries such as Australia (Baxter & Kavanagh, 2012; McDowall & Jackling, 2010; Jacling & Calero, 2006), New Zealand (Tan and Laswad, 2006; Wells, 2005; Fedoryshyn & Tyson, 2003) and Ireland (Byrne & Willis, 2005). In Asia, Nga and Soo Wai Mun (2013) produced more recent evidence indicating there was a lower percentage of professional accounting members below the age of 30 relative to previous generations in Malaysia. In Japan, it was also reported that the The Effect of Accounting Exercise to Motivate First Year Accounting Students
Value Relevance of FAS No. 157 Fair Value Hierarchy Information and the Impact of Corporate Governance Mechanisms

ABSTRACT: Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157 (FAS No. 157), Fair Value Measurements, prioritizes the source of information used in fair value measurements into three levels: (1) Level 1 (observable inputs from quoted prices in active markets), (2) Level 2 (indirectly observable inputs from quoted prices of comparable items in active markets, identical items in inactive markets, or other market-related information), and (3) Level 3 (unobservable, firm-generated inputs). Using quarterly reports of banking firms in 2008, we find that the value relevance of Level 1 and Level 2 fair values is greater than the value relevance of Level 3 fair values. In addition, we find evidence that the value relevance of fair values (especially Level 3 fair values) is greater for firms with strong corporate governance. Overall, our results support the relevance of fair value measurements under FAS No. 157, but weaker corporate governance mechanisms may reduce the relevance of these measures.
Dynamic relationships of knowledge creation activities in supply chains: Evidence from patent data in the US auto industry

To examine the coordination of knowledge creation a ctivities (KCAs) in the supply chain, this paper used time series analyses to study the dynamic rela tionships of KCAs between buyers and suppliers in the auto industry. Using patent data a stationary r elationship, it had been disclosed between both parties even if KCAs of either side were non-statio nary over the long run. Furthermore, it was disclos ed by phenomenon that, in comparison with suppliers, a uto makers adjust more actively back to the equilibrium while deviation occurs. Finally, one si de’s fluctuation is not triggered by the other side ’s previous fluctuations; whereas both sides’ fluctuat ions are positively correlated and occur simultaneously.