Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
subjects with age-associated memory impairment mg TC-1734 ( AZD 3480 ) with placebo , in older A randomized double-blind study comparing 25 and 50

Cognitive decline is a feature of ageing and can be defined as normal (age-associated memory impairment) or pathological (mild cognitive impairment/ Alzheimer’s disease). Stimulation of selective brain-specific neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors might offer symptomatic treatment for normal ageing. The objective of this study was to assess the safety, tolerability and efficacy of TC-1734 (AZD3480), a selective a4b2 nicotinic agonist, in the treatment of age-associated memory impairment. A randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 16 community-based centers within the USA. Subjects who met objective criteria for age-associated memory impairment were recruited between November 2004 and December 2005. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive orally 25 mg (n1⁄4 59), 50 mg (n1⁄4 68) TC-1734 (AZD3480) or placebo (n1⁄4 66) in a double-blind fashion for 16 weeks. Main outcome measures included routine clinical safety measures, tolerability, cognitive assessment via the Cognitive Drug Research computerized test battery and a Subject Global Impression Scale of Cognition (SCI-Cog). Two outcomes from the computerized test battery – a factor assessing attention and one assessing episodic memory, along with the SGI-Cog were defined as co-primary outcome variables. Baseline to Week 16 differences from placebo for 50 mg TC-1734 (AZD3480) were considered of primary importance. For 50 mg TC-1734 (AZD3480) attention factor the mean drug–placebo difference was 22.9 (95% confidence interval 4.8 to 41.4) p1⁄4 0.01 for episodic memory factor the difference was 7.6 (95% confidence interval 14.4 to 0.8), p1⁄4 0.029, and for the SGI-Cog the difference was 0.99 (95% confidence interval 0.2 to 1.8), p1⁄4 0.015. As all three co-primary outcomes were positive it can be concluded the compound likely had a beneficial effect on cognition. TC-1734 (AZD3480) appeared safe and well tolerated in this study.
Characterisation of the Halden silt

NGI recently established a research site on a natural silt deposit to accommodate some of the challenges related to intermediate soils. This study briefly summarises the geological history and the preliminary geotechnical characteristics of the Halden silt deposit. The stratigraphy at the site consists of four main units. Two structureless silt units sit between a 4.5 m thick layer of sand and a 6 m thick deposit of clay. Soil behaviour type charts classify the silt deposit as transitional soils/silts to low Ir clays. Classification tests indicate that these soils are low plasticity silts with very similar mineralogical content. The results presented will form a useful reference to engineers working on similar intermediate soils worldwide. Figure 1. Location of Halden Research Site. Cone Penetration Testing (SCPT), Resistivity Cone Penetration Testing (RCPT), dissipation tests (Paniagua et al. 2016) and soil sampling. The latter was performed using two different Geonor thin walled stationary piston samplers; the K-100 54 mm composite sampler with zero inside clearance ratio (ICR) and a 10 cutting edge and the K-200 sampler modified to 72 mm inside diameter, ICR = 0 and a 5 cutting edge. 3.2 Laboratory tests The samples were sent to the NGI and Geological Survey of Norway (NGU) laboratories in Oslo and Trondheim, respectively, for soil identification, classification, and assessment of index properties and advanced testing. Laboratory tests include; (i) Grain size distribution analyses by wet sieving (NSF, 1990), falling drop method (Moum, 1965) and hydrometer method (BSI, 1990); (ii) water content and Atterberg limits; (iii) unit weight of solid particles; (iv) mineralogical analyses using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM); (v) CAUC triaxial tests and (vi) constant rate of strain oedometer tests (CRS); (vii) geological and sedimentological analysis of the sediment using Xray imaging and Multi-Sensor Core Logging techniques (magnetic susceptibility and gamma density) on 54 mm whole core samples. Whole core Gamma density (i.e. wet bulk density) and magnetic susceptibility (MS) were measured using the GEOTEK Standard Multi-Sensor Core Logger (MSCL-S) at 0.5 cm resolution with 5 s exposure/measurement time, see Figure 2. Total carbon (TC) and total organic carbon (TOC) measurements were performed on 7 samples. 4 SOIL CHARACTERISATION
Pathways MyD 88-Dependent and-Independent via Toll-Like Receptor 2-and Chemokine Production by Dendritic Cells suis Capsular Polysaccharides Induce Group B Streptococcus and Streptococcus

Published Ahead of Print 17 June 2013. 2013, 81(9):3106. DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00113-13. Infect. Immun. and Mariela Segura Fleur Gagnon, Claude Lachance, Marie-Rose Van Calsteren Cynthia Calzas, Guillaume Goyette-Desjardins, Paul Lemire, Pathways MyD88-Dependent and -Independent via Toll-Like Receptor 2and Chemokine Production by Dendritic Cells suis Capsular Polysaccharides Induce Group B Streptococcus and Streptococcus
Packing spanning partition-connected subgraphs with small degrees

Let $G$ be a graph with $X\subseteq V(G)$ and let $l$ be an intersecting supermodular subadditive integer-valued function on subsets of $V(G)$. The graph $G$ is said to be $l$-partition-connected, if for every partition $P$ of $V(G)$, $e_G(P)\ge \sum_{A\in P} l(A)-l(V(G))$, where $e_G(P)$ denotes the number of edges of $G$ joining different parts of $P$. Let $\lambda \in [0,1]$ be a real number and let $\eta $ be a real function on $X$. In this paper, we show that if $G$ is $l$-partition-connected and for all $S\subseteq X$, $$\Theta_l(G \setminus S) \le \sum_{v\in S} (\eta(v) -2l(v))+l(V(G))+l(S)-\lambda (e_G(S))+l(S)),$$ then $G$ has an $l$-partition-connected spanning subgraph $H$ such that for each vertex $v\in X$, $d_H(v)\le \lceil \eta(v) -\lambda l(v) \rceil $, where $e_G(S)$ denotes the number of edges of $G$ with both ends in $S$ and $\Theta_l(G \setminus S)$ denotes the maximum number of all $\sum_{A\in P} l(A)-e_{G\setminus S}(P)$ taken over all partitions $P$ of $V(G)\setminus S$. Finally, we show that if $H$ is an $(l_1+\cdots +l_m)$-partition-connected graph, then it can be decomposed into $m$ edge-disjoint spanning subgraphs $H_1,\ldots, H_m$ such that every graph $H_i$ is $l_i$-partition-connected, where $l_1, l_2,\ldots, l_m$ are $m$ intersecting supermodular subadditive integer-valued functions on subsets of $V(H)$. These results generalize several known results.
Density dependence, stochasticity, compensation and predator regulation

This paper presents conceptual models of how density dependence and regulation operates in populations. Limitation is a process which sets the potential equilibrium level, and is caused by all forms of mortality or reproductive loss. Random variations in these mortalities will cause the population to fluctuate about the equilibrium. Regulation is the tendency of the population to return, through density dependent factors, to the equilibrium level when disturbed from it. The strength of density dependence determines whether a stable equilibrium, limit cycle or chaotic behaviour occurs. A population rarely, if ever, remains at its equilibrium because of disturbances. Because the amplitude of population fluctuations is determined by both the strength of density dependence and the size of the density independent mortalities, knowledge of both are required to understand population dynamics. Compensation is the ability of a mortality factor to counteract the effects of another one and requires a change in strength of the density dependence. Exact compensation rarely, if ever, occurs. Predators can act in a density dependent way to hold prey numbers at low levels. They can also act in an inverse density dependent (depensatory) way, which at high prey densities limits but not regulates the prey, but at low densities may cause the extinction of prey. Predation can produce special cases of multiple stable states and stable limit cycles. We discuss some of the criticisms of density dependence.
What do we expect of others ? ú

We report experimental data on expectations about generosity in a dictator game in which dictators first divide the pie and then make a guess about the donation of other dictators. In our experiment, recipients have to guess the donation that they are going to receive from their own dictator as well as the donation of other dictator, whose choice does not a ect their own payo s. Our findings indicate that property rights are important to explain guesses, as dictators predict a smaller donation from other dictators than recipients do. We also observe that the involvement in the game is crucial as recipients expect other dictators to be more generous than their own dictator. When we compare guesses with actual donations, we see that dictators’ guesses are positively correlated with their own transfer and that recipients overestimate the kidness of other dictators, as they expect them to be more kind than what they actually are.
ABOUT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF A NONLINEAR SHELL CONVEYING A VISCOUS FLOW.

This paper is concerned with the simulation of a viscous steady state flows interacting with a thin structure which experiences large wall displacements. In the theoretical section, we present our method based on an ALE formalism applied to a coupled solving algorithm. Then, two numerical applications , defined on an elastic membrane conveying a low Reynolds flow, are presented. Those examples are inspired by the biomechanical problem of collapsing veins. We have built an algorithm using an unique Finite Eelemnt code for fluid and structure solving. It is based on an iterative solving method. For each iteration, a steady flow problem is solved (using a standard Eulerian Navier-Stokes solver). The interface loads are then applied to the structure. The nonlinear equilibrium equations of the thin shell are then solved using an updated lagrangian algorithm. The boundary of the fluid geometry is then modified and the fluid mesh is consequently deformed. Different remeshing strategies are discussed, in order to accept the large displacements of the membrane. Results for Reynolds between 10 and 100 are presented and compared to computations taken from the literature. We shall focus on very large deformations of the membrane and on stability problems. The two dimensional example experiences very large mesh distortions and the 3D example shows unstable coupled behavior.
Effect of CO2 Concentration, Temperature and N Fertilization on Biomass Production of Soybean Genotypes Differing in N Fixation Capacity

Abstract We tested the hypothesis that elevated CO2 concentration [CO2]-induced enhancement of biomass production of soybean is greater in a genotype that has a higher nitrogen (N) fixation capacity. Furthermore, we analyzed theinteractive effects of N fertilization, temperature and [CO2] on biomass production. Three genetically related genotypes: Enrei (normally-nodulating genotype), Kanto 100 (supernodulating genotype), and En1282 (non-nodulating genotype) were grown in pots, with or without N fertilizer for two years (2004, 2005). They were then subjected to two different [CO2] (ambient and elevated (ambient + 200 mol mol-1)) × two temperature regimes (low,high (low + 4~5ºC)). Top dry weight at maturity was the greatest in the elevated [CO2] × high temperature regime, irrespective of genotype and N fertilization. The [CO2] elevation generally enhanced N acquisition and dry matter production during the vegetative growth stage, and the enhancement was more pronounced in the nodulating genotypes (Enrei and Kanto 100) than in the non-nodulating genotype (En1282), indicating that N supply through N fixation contributes to elevated [CO2]-induced biomass production in soybean. However, the relative responsiveness ofbiomass production to elevated [CO2] was not necessarily higher in the supernodulating genotype than the normally-nodulating genotype. The N utilization efficiency to produce biomass was inferior in the supernodulating genotype than in the normally-nodulating and non-nodulating genotypes. These results did not fully verify the hypothesis that elevated [CO2]-induced enhancement of biomass production of soybean is greater in a genotype with a higher N fixation capacity.
Reduced phosphorus loads from the Loire and Vilaine Rivers were 
accompanied by increasing eutrophication in Vilaine Bay (South 
Brittany, France)

Abstract. The evolution of eutrophication (i.e., phytoplankton biomass) during recent decades was examined in the coastal waters of Vilaine Bay (VB, France) in relation to those in their main external nutrient sources, the Loire and Vilaine Rivers. Dynamic Linear Models, corroborated by the Mann-Kendall test, were used to study long-term trends and seasonality of dissolved inorganic nutrient and chlorophyll a concentrations (Chl a) in rivers and coastal waters between 1980 and 2013. The reduction in dissolved riverine inorganic phosphorus concentrations (DIP) from the early 1990s led to the decrease in their Chl a levels. However, dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations (DIN) decreased only slightly in the Vilaine and actually increased in the Loire, especially during summer. Simultaneously, phytoplankton in the VB has undergone profound changes with: (1) increase in biomass, (2) change in the position of the annual peak from spring to summer, and (3) increase in diatom:dinoflagellate ratios, especially in summer. The increase in phytoplankton biomass in VB, particularly in summer, was probably due to increased DIN loads from the Loire, sustained by internal regeneration of DIP and dissolved silicate from sediments. This long-term ecosystem-scale analysis reports the consequence of nutrient management scenarios focused solely on P reduction. Freshwater ecosystems upstream reveal successful recoveries through the control of P alone, while eutrophication continues to increase downstream, especially during the period of N limitation. Therefore, nutrient management strategies, paying particular attention to diffuse N-sources, are required to control eutrophication in receiving coastal waters.
Dinámica relacional interorganizacional para el desarrollo turístico. Los casos de Villa Gesell y Pinamar (Argentina) Interorganizational relational dynamics for tourism development. Cases of Villa Gesell and Pinomar (Argentina)

In recent years, the issue of development associated with tourism has generated a great debate in the scientifi c fiputting into question, especially, the actual capacity of tourism to boost profi ts that exceed the economic level, even questioning that in all circumstances and under all conditions, tourism is a tool that generates wealth (Pulido et al., 2008, Pulido and Solis, 2008). Tourism, due to its transversal and multidimensional nature, possesses the ability to position itself as a strategic option for local development, but its success or failure depends mainly on the territory proper planning and the active participation of various sectors of the community (OIT, 2004). In this sense, the generation of a tourism development model with aspirations to further develop the local territory, necessarily implies the involvement of stakeholders (or groups of actors with the capacity to infl uence or be infl uenced by the phenomenon). For this reason, it is essential to identify the different sectors involved and addressing the relationships that occur between them, considering that a change in the conditions under which they operate, will affect the model structure,
Transforming Leadership Styles and Knowledge Sharing in a Multicultural Context

Despite limitations on comprehensive studies, scholars accept that transformational and transactional leadership theories will have a universal application because these models have capacity for being adapted to different cultural settings. However, more exploration is required in order to develop a strong and consistent picture of the generalizability of culturally-linked leadership styles differently perceived, evaluated or enacted in diverse cultures because the meaning and importance given to the concept of leadership vary across cultures. By comparing and contrasting the number of cultural frameworks of leadership styles and drawing conclusions as to the relationship between leadership styles and culture, more holistic understanding can be attained.
Charisma perception in political speech : a case study

The charisma of the leader is conveyed through multiple aspects: his ideas and vision and his perceivable verbal and non verbal behaviors. Among these perceivable behaviors there are the acoustic characteristics of speech. We present here a study on the perception of charisma in political speech. We collected speech statements with different illocutionary value taken from two speeches given by Umberto Bossi, the leader of an Italian party, before and after a stroke which caused him a voice disorder. Stimuli from the two condition differed significantly in the acoustic-prosodic features. In the first part of the study 40 French listeners rated normal speech stimuli (20 pre- and 20 post-stroke) and in the second part 22 French (11 pre- and 11 post-stroke) and 31 Italians (15 pre- and 16 post-stroke) rated the de -lexicalized version of the same stimuli. Results for the first part of the study show that pitch contour in Bossi’s pre-stroke speech positively influence the perception of his speech as charismatic, as opposed to those some years after the stroke. Results for the de-lexicalized speech confirm for French listeners our hypothesis of the influence of the pitch contour in Bossi’s charisma perception but they are controversial for Italian participants that seem to perceive Bossi as more charismatic in the post-stroke condition.
Longitudinal Analysis Self-Control and Early Adolescent Antisocial Behavior : A

http://jea.sagepub. com/content/29/4/497 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0272431608324474 November 2008 2009 29: 497 originally published online 5 The Journal of Early Adolescence Geertjan Overbeek, Els W. M. Rommes and Rutger C. M. E. Engels Raymond A. T. de Kemp, Ad A. Vermulst, Catrin Finkenauer, Ron H. J. Scholte, Longitudinal Analysis Self-Control and Early Adolescent Antisocial Behavior : A
α-Linolenic acid, Δ6-desaturase gene polymorphism, and the risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction

Background: 6 -Desaturase (FADS2) is the rate-limiting step in the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biosynthetic pathway. Objective: The aim was to test whether the common deletion [T/-] in the promoter of FADS2 affects the PUFA biosynthetic pathway and consequently modifies the effect of -linolenic acid (ALA) on myocardial infarction (MI). Design:Casesubjects(n1694)withafirstnonfatalacuteMIwere matchedbyage,sex,andareaofresidenceto1694population-based controlsubjectsinCostaRica.PUFAswerequantifiedbygas-liquid chromatography from plasma and adipose tissue samples. Leastsquaresmeansfromgeneralizedlinearmodelsandoddsratios(ORs) and 95% CIs from multiple conditional logistic regression models were estimated. Results: The prevalence of the variant T/- allele was 48%. Eicosapentaenoic acid, -linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid decreased in adipose tissue and plasma with increasing number of copies of the variant allele with a monotonic trend (P 0.05 for all). Fasting plasma triacylglycerols by genotype were 2.08 mmol/L forTT, 2.16 mmol/L for T-, and 2.26 mmol/L for - - [ie, homozygous for the variant (deletion) allele] (P 0.03). The FADS2 deletion was not associated with MI and did not significantly modify the association between adipose tissue ALA and the risk of MI. Conclusions: The FADS2 deletion may prevent the conversion of ALAintovery-long-chainPUFAs.However,thismetaboliceffectis not translated into an attenuated risk between ALA and MI among carriers of the variant. It is possible that, at current intakes of ALA, any potential defect in the transcription of the gene is masked by the availability of substrate. Further research in populations deficient in ALA intake is warranted. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85:554–60.
Disaster Preparedness Programs for Children and Families : the ( Largely ) Good News

Preparedness for disasters is universally low; children and families are particularly vulnerable groups. Against this backdrop, research on disaster preparedness for children and families is reviewed, with a focus on disaster preparedness and prevention education programs. Following definitions and theory/rationale, research is critically analyzed. While findings indicate a large growth in research in the past 15 years and largely positive findings, significant challenges remain. These challenges include issues related to methodological rigor, long-term effectiveness, and implementation. Recent research reflecting these important challenges is reviewed. At the same time, other recent research documents real potential for these programs, including findings which suggest that increased attention to incorporating theoryand evidencesupported components can enhance outcomes. Thus, despite some important limitations and challenges, research done to date signals promise for these programs in reducing risk and increasing resilience to disasters for children, families, and the households and communities in which they live.
Sprinting and R esistance-B ased Training Interventions 1 1 5 2 JournalofStrength and C onditioning

Bolger, R, Lyons, M, Harrison, AJ, and Kenny, IC. Sprinting performance and resistance-based training interventions: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 29(4): 1146–1156, 2015—The purpose of this systematic review was to search the scientific literature for original research, addressing the effects different forms of resistance-based training have on sprinting performance in competitive sprinters. Specific key words (Sprinters OR Sprint) NOT (Rugby, Soccer, Cycling, Swimming, Paralympic, and Nutrition) were used to search relevant databases through November 2013 for related literature. Original research was reviewed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. Five studies met the inclusion criteria: actively competitive adult male sprinters who participated in a resistance-based intervention (.4 weeks), with outcome measures in the form of 10to 100-m sprint times. Exclusion criteria included acute studies (,4 weeks), nonsprinting populations, and studies with no performance outcome measures (10to 100-m sprint times). Three of the 5 studies used both locomotor resistance and fixed plane resistance, whereas the remaining 2 studies used more fixed plane resistance, for example, squat and leg extension. Three of the studies showed a statistical improvement in sprinting performance measures, for example, a decrease in 30-m sprint time (p = 0.044), whereas 1 study showed a decrease in sprinting performance. The analysis concluded that resistance-based training has a positive effect on sprinting performance. Varied input of locomotor resistance and fixed plane resistance has resulted in similar percentage change for sprinting performance. This review adds to the body of knowledge by strongly highlighting the dearth of literature exploring the effects of resistance-based training on sprinting performance in competitive sprinters. The short duration and wide range of exercises implemented in studies to date are of concern, but coaches should not hesitate to implement well-planned resistance programs for their sprint athletes.