Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Matched‐pair analysis comparing the outcomes of primary breast and nodal diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in patients treated with rituximab plus chemotherapy

Primary breast diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an extremely rare presentation of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma that has been associated with poorer clinical outcomes compared with nodal DLBCL in the pre‐rituximab era. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of rituximab on clinical outcomes in patients with primary breast DLBCL. Data from 25 female patients with primary breast DLBCL receiving rituximab plus chemotherapy were matched to 75 female patients (1:3) with nodal DLBCL by following five established prognostic factors (age, Ann Arbor stage, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, serum lactate dehydrogenase level and B symptoms). Overall survival (OS) was similar between primary breast and nodal DLBCL groups (3‐year OS rate, 82.2% vs. 90.7%, respectively; p = 0.345). In the analysis of immunohistochemically defined prognostic subgroups, 19 of 20 available cases in the primary breast DLBCL group displayed a non‐germinal center (GC) phenotype. Compared with patterns of recurrence, extranodal progression in the breast or central nervous system (CNS) was significantly higher in the primary breast DLBCL group than in the nodal DLBCL group (p < 0.001). Additionally, the stage‐modified International Prognostic Index was the only independent prognostic factor for OS in this population. This suggests that clinical outcomes of primary breast DLBCL might no longer be inferior to those of nodal DLBCL in the rituximab era, which might be associated with the intrinsic biologic characteristics of the non‐GC phenotype. However, despite including rituximab, extranodal progression in the breast or CNS was problematic. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov as no. NCT01266668.
Some Bacterial and Fungal affections Causing Disease Problems in Cultured Seabream Sparus Aurata in Damietta Governorate and Trials for Control

Seabream (Sparus aurata) is a marine fish with economic value and wide spread all over the world especially in the Mediterranean Sea. Seabream culture was known recently in Egypt and need for progressive development especially in feeding and health care. So the present study was conducted to through alight spot on some diseases of seabream which interfering culturing of it specially bacterial and fungal diseases and some trials for control of these problems. Total number of one hundred and twenty seabream (Sparus aurata) weighted 150g ± 5 and 18 ± 0.2 cm in length were collected from earthen pond in Damietta and submitted to full clinical investigation, postmortem, bacteriological, mycological and histopathological examination. Also, water quality analysis of earthen ponds holding seabream was measured. Affected seabream clinically inactive, loss of balance and loss of escape reflex, sluggish swimming and swim near to the water surface, distended abdomen, focal or diffused hemorrhages on different parts of the body, fins and tail rot, uni or bilateral corneal opacity, loss of scales and pigmentation, erosion and ulceration in the lateral aspect of the body, appearance of cotton wool tufts like growth on the ulcerated parts, fins and eyes causing blindness. Internally the affected seabream showed congested gills. Liver showed reddish necrotic foci occur on its surface, distended gall bladder, congested spleen and accumulation of bloody tinged exudates in the abdominal cavity with offensive odour. The bacteriological examination of affected seabream revealed the isolation of Vibrio alginolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila, according to morphological, biochemical and API. 20 E system. V. algindyticus was isolated in a total number one hundred and eighteen while A. hydrophila isolated in seventy one strains. From the macroscopic and microscopic characters of isolated fungi, it cleared that the isolated fungi was Aphanomyces sp. in a total ninety eight isolates. The infectivity tests and histopathological examination were done. The antibiogram sensitivity test of isolated strains were done and showed that, V. algiolyticus and A. hydrophila were sensitive to enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and florfinicol while they were resistant to ampicillin, lincomycin, colistin sulphate and neomycin and control trails were performed.
Avaliação da qualidade de vida de portadores de diabetes utilizando a medida específica B-PAID

O diabetes e uma doenca cronica que pode interferir na qualidade de vida (QV). Com este estudo, objetivou-se avaliara QV dos diabeticos tipo 2 e sua relacao com as variaveis sociodemograficas e clinicas. Trata-se de estudo descritivo,transversal, no qual se utilizou o Problem Areas in Diabetes (B-PAID) e o Medical Outcomes Study 36 – Item Short FormHealth Survey (SF-36) – para avaliar a QV. Observou-se que 37,6% dos participantes apresentaram escore do B-PAIDtotal igual ou maior a 40. Houve correlacao negativa entre B-PAID total e quatro dos oito componentes do SF-36: dor,saude mental, aspectos sociais e estado geral de saude. Os homens apresentaram melhor avaliacao na subdimensao“Problemas relacionados com a alimentacao do B-PAID”, enquanto as mulheres, na subdimensao “Problemas relacionadosao tratamento”, sendo estatisticamente significante a diferenca apenas em relacao a esta ultima associacao. A pratica deatividade fisica se associou a melhor QV. Concluiu-se que poucos participantes apresentaram alto nivel de sofrimentoemocional e a atividade fisica sugere ser uma aliada na diminuicao desse sofrimento. (AU)
Teaching teachers for the future: modelling and exploring immersive personal learning networks

The world in which teachers are working is one, thanks to collaborative technologies, in which high levels of interactions among colleagues and the wider educational community can be facilitated. The question, then, is about how to prepare new entrants to the profession to be effectively engaged in this professional reality. In this paper, we report on our initiative to redesign a pre-service primary science education program to explicitly value personal learning networks, discursive learning spaces and metacognitive thinking. A range of e-learning tools that could support these learning objectives were trialled, creating learning spaces for both large and small group learning experiences, including informal, personal and public forms of engagement. We present a profile of the pre-service teachers and their levels of knowledge about the technologies, the change to the lecturer’s practice and experiences provided to students, along with stories which illustrate how the changes extended or developed the use of technology for personal learning.
Audiovisual Cues and Perceptual Learning of Spectrally Distorted Speech

Two experiments investigate the effectiveness of audiovisual (AV) speech cues (cues derived from both seeing and hearing a talker speak) in facilitating perceptual learning of spectrally distorted speech. Speech was distorted through an eight channel noise-vocoder which shifted the spectral envelope of the speech signal to simulate the properties of a cochlear implant with a 6 mm place mismatch. Experiment 1 found that participants showed significantly greater improvement in perceiving noise-vocoded speech when training gave AV cues than when it gave auditory cues alone. Experiment 2 compared training with AV cues with training which gave written feedback. These two methods did not significantly differ in the pattern of training they produced. Suggestions are made about the types of circumstances in which the two training methods might be found to differ in facilitating auditory perceptual learning of speech.
False Positive 18F-FDG PET Scan in Adrenal Oncocytoma

18F-FDG whole-body positron emulsion tomography (18F-FDG PET) has become an established imaging modality for a variety of cancers. Today, 18F-FDG PET is utilized to differentiate benign from malignant non-functioning adrenal masses. In this report, a 25-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of left flank pain. Abdominal CT revealed a left 6.5 × 4.5 cm adrenal mass with regular margins and focal calcification. To make a differential diagnosis, 18F-FDG PET was performed. Preoperative laboratory studies showed that the mass was non-functioning. A left adrenalectomy was performed through a left subcostal incision. The final pathologic evaluation revealed adrenal oncocytoma. We present the disassociation between preoperative 18F-FDG PET and pathologic findings of a benign adrenocortical oncocytoma.
Seven-year surveillance of north american pediatric group a streptococcal pharyngitis isolates.

BACKGROUND Pharyngeal group A streptococcal (GAS) emm type surveillance enhances understanding of the epidemiology of pharyngitis and invasive GAS disease and formulation of multivalent type-specific vaccines. In addition, such surveillance provides pre-GAS vaccine baseline data. We assessed geographic and temporal trends in GAS emm-type distribution among pediatric pharyngeal isolates collected systematically in the United States and Canada from 2000 to 2007. METHODS We collected approximately 100 acute GAS pharyngitis isolates from each of 13 widely scattered sites (10 in the United States and 3 in Canada) annually for 7 seasons (2000-2007) from 3- to 18-year-old children. We assessed emm type and subtype by DNA sequencing and analyzed temporal and geographic trends. RESULTS A total of 7040 US and 1434 Canadian GAS isolates were studied. The 6 most prevalent emm types (in descending order) were 1, 12, 28, 4, 3, and 2 in the United States and 12, 1, 28, 4, 3, 2, and 77 in Canada, constituting 70%-71% of isolates in each country; 10 emm types constituted 87%-89% total. Fifty-six emm types were identified in the United States, including 8 new types, and 33 types in Canada. Although a few types predominated nationally, marked variability among individual sites and at individual sites from year to year was observed. US-Canadian differences in type distribution were apparent. Twenty percent of isolates represented emm subtypes that differed slightly from reference types; 110 new subtypes were identified. An experimental 26-valent M protein vaccine covers 85% of pharyngitis isolates. CONCLUSIONS Although overall US and Canadian emm type distribution was consistent and relatively few types dominated nationally, striking intersite and temporal variations within individual sites in prevalent emm types of GAS occurred. These results have important implications for the development and formulation of type-specific GAS vaccines.
Self-referent MHC type matching in frog tadpoles

Self/non-self recognition mechanisms underlie the development, immunology and social behaviour of virtually all living organisms, from bacteria to humans. Indeed, recognition processes lie at the core of how social cooperation evolved. Much evidence suggests that the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) both facilitates nepotistic interactions and promotes inbreeding avoidance. Social discrimination based on MHC differences has been demonstrated in many vertebrates but whether the labels used in discrimination are directly associated with the MHC, rather than with other genes with which it covaries, has remained problematic. Furthermore, effects of familiarity on natural preferences have not been controlled in most previous studies. Here we show that African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) tadpoles discriminate among familiar full siblings based on MHC haplotype differences. Subjects (N=261) from four parental crosses preferred siblings with which they shared MHC haplotypes to those with no MHC haplotypes in common. Using only full siblings in experimental tests, we controlled for genetic variation elsewhere in the genome that might influence schooling preferences. As test subjects were equally familiar with stimulus groups, we conclude that tadpole discrimination involves a self-referent genetic recognition mechanism whereby individuals compare their own MHC type with those of conspecifics.
Theory-of-Mind Training Causes Honest Young Children to Lie

Theory of mind (ToM) has long been recognized to play a major role in children’s social functioning. However, no direct evidence confirms the causal linkage between the two. In the current study, we addressed this significant gap by examining whether ToM causes the emergence of lying, an important social skill. We showed that after participating in ToM training to learn about mental-state concepts, 3-year-olds who originally had been unable to lie began to deceive consistently. This training effect lasted for more than a month. In contrast, 3-year-olds who participated in control training to learn about physical concepts were significantly less inclined to lie than the ToM-trained children. These findings provide the first experimental evidence supporting the causal role of ToM in the development of social competence in early childhood.
Who gets custody?

Changes in the living arrangements of children have implications for social policy and children’s well-being. Understanding who gets custody on divorce—mother, father, or both sharing custody—can also inform our understanding of family organization and the merits of alternative theories of marriage and divorce. We examine physical-custody outcomes among recent Wisconsin divorces in an effort to understand the factors associated with shared custody as well as mother-sole custody and father-sole custody. Although mother-sole custody remains the dominant arrangement, shared custody has increased over a nine-year period. We find that the probability of shared custody increases with parent’s income. Prior marital history. parents’ ages, the age and gender of children, and the legal process also have an impact on the probability of shared custody. In contrast to shared custody, the probability of father-sole custody decreases with parent’s income, while the relationship with other significant factors is generally similar. The notable exception is that, unlike shared custody, we find no evidence for an increase over time in the probability of father-sole custody. We also find that when the father has a higher proportion of the Couple’s total income, both shared custody and father-sole custody are more likely.
Plasmodium falciparum malaria blood stage parasites preferentially inhibit macrophages with high phagocytic activity

Exposure to malaria blood stage antigens results in several defects of macrophages/monocytes one of which is an irreversible reduction of phagocytic activity. In the present study we analysed phagocytic activity of subpopulations of human monocyte‐derived‐macrophages (MDM) based on the capacity of individual cells to ingest FITC‐labelled microbeads. The results demonstrate that malaria infection affected predominantly MDM subpopulations with high level of phagocytosis. This population decreased during parasitaemia, however, during recovery from the infection the highly phagocytic cells replaced the damaged cells. The exposure of MDM cultures to blood stage antigens showed that the highly active macrophages from persons with active malaria infection decreased further, while the population increased during recovery. Furthermore, we observed that while ingestion of a few parasitized RBC (3 schizonts) stimulated phagocytosis, larger amounts or longer exposure periods eventually paralysed the entire phagocytic system. Accordingly, by selectively blocking actively phagocytizing macrophages, the malaria parasite prevents both specific and non‐specific immune responses, which are initiated by macrophages as phagocytes and professional antigen presenting cells.
Breast cancer among radiologic technologists.

To the Editor. —The contribution of low doses of ionizing radiation to breast cancer incidence remains uncertain because definitive studies have not been done. In their report, Dr Boice and colleagues 1 claim the following: "Employment as a radiologic technologist. was not found to increase the risk of breast cancer. The contribution of prolonged exposure to relatively low doses of ionizing radiation to breast cancer risk was too small to be detectable at this time. " If correct, this study would be strong evidence for the safety of low-dose exposure to ionizing radiation. Unfortunately, this study is so flawed that it provides no evidence about breast cancer induction after low-dose ionizing radiation. Boice and colleagues matched 5 control radiologic technologists to each breast cancer case for sex, date of birth, calendar year of certification, and length of time between certification and breast cancer diagnosis for cases or index date for controls.
New species of Fusarium associated with dieback of Spartina alterniflora in Atlantic salt marshes

Sudden vegetation dieback (SVD) is the loss of smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) along intertidal creeks in salt marshes of the Atlantic and Gulf states. The underlying cause of SVD remains unclear, but earlier work suggested a contributing role for Fusarium spp. in Louisiana. This report investigated whether these or other Fusarium species were associated with S. alterniflora dieback in mid- to north-Atlantic states. Isolations from seven SVD sites yielded 192 isolates of Fusarium spp. , with more than 75% isolated from aboveground tissue. Most isolates (88%) fell into two undescribed morphospecies (MS) distinguished from each other by macroconidial shape, phialide ontogeny and growth rates. Pathogenicity tests on wound-inoculated S. alterniflora stems and seedling roots revealed that isolates in MS1 were more virulent than those in MS2 but no single isolate caused plant mortality. No matches to known species of Fusarium were revealed by DNA sequence queries of translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) sequences. A phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences of three genes, β-tubulin (β-tub), calmodulin (cal) and tef1, was conducted on representative isolates from MS1 (n = 20) and MS2 (n = 18); it provided strong evidence that the MS1 isolates form a clade that represents a heretofore undescribed species, which we designate Fusarium palustre sp. nov. Isolates from the more variable MS2 clustered with the F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex as F. cf. incarnatum. Although a strong association exists between both species and declining S. alterniflora in SVD sites, neither appears to play a primary causal role in SVD. However, our findings suggest that F. palustre might play an important secondary role in the ecological disruption of the salt marshes.
CHILDREN WITH SPINA BIFIDA AND HYDROCEPHALUS IN AFRICA: CAN MEDICAL, FAMILY AND COMMUNITY RESOURCES IMPROVE THE LIFE CHANCES?

1.0 INTRODUCTION 2.0 HISTORICAL SKETCH 2.1 Slowly Developing Observations and Services 2.2 Early ‘Third Ventriculostomy’ 2.3 Ethics & Survival 2.4 Recent Neurosurgery 2.5 Parents’ Voices and Issues of Access 3.0 CULTURAL AND FAMILY RESOURCES 3.1 Recognising Indigenous Knowledge 3.2 Spectrum of Religious Resources 3.3 Families Coping at Home and in the Community 3.4 Wide Variation in Different Circumstances 3.5 Muted Voices; Mutual Support 4.0 COMMUNITY BASED REHABILITATION? 4.1 Critical Thoughts on CBR 5.0 SHARP-EDGED COMPARISONS 6.0 CONCLUSIONS 7.0 NOTES ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES
Productivity and profitability of intercropping sesame with turmeric at marginal farmers level of Bangladesh

Turmeric-sesame intercrops at different planting densities were studied at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishwardi, Pabna, Bangladesh in 2014 and 2015 to find out the productivity and economic performance of intercropping sesame with turmeric. The experiment was laid out in RCB design maintaining three replication with five treatments viz., turmeric (100%) + 1 row sesame (33%) in between turmeric lines, turmeric (100%) + 2 row sesame (67%) in between turmeric lines, turmeric (100%) + 3 row sesame (100%) in between turmeric lines, turmeric (100%) + sesame broadcast (100%) in between turmeric lines, sole turmeric and sole sesame. Rhizome yield of turmeric was significantly higher in all intercropping systems (22.85-23.77 t ha -1 ) than in monoculture system (18.00 t ha -1 ). The maximum turmeric yield (23.77 t ha -1 ) was obtained from turmeric (100%) + 3 row sesame (100%) in between turmeric lines intercropping system, which was also exhibited higher turmeric equivalent yield (26.05 t ha -1 ), benefit cost ratio (3.50), land equivalent ratio (2.28), competitive indices values, SPI (41.09) and MAI (Tk. 294952.62 ha -1 ) compared to the other intercropping and sole cropping system. SAARC J. Agri. , 14(1): 47-58 (2016)
1416PDINTEGRATING GENOTYPE IN RISK CLASSIFICATION FOR GIST RECURRENCE. A SPANISH GROUP FOR SARCOMA RESEARCH (GEIS) STUDY.

ABSTRACT Aim: Relevant prognostic factors for relapse free survival (RFS) in GIST relies on clinical and pathologic variables as size, mitoses, location or tumor rupture. However, being GIST a solid tumor model for molecular research and targeted therapies, it seems legitimate to explore the integration of relevant molecular prognostic factors into the risk classification. Several authors have pointed out the detrimental prognostic role of deletion type mutations involving 557/558 (DEL-5758) codons of exon 11 in KIT gene. On the other hand, mutations of PDGFR (MUT-PDGFR) gene have been associated with lower risk of recurrence. We will analyze the influence of these genotype factors for each Miettinen risk category (MRC). Methods: Clinical data, therapeutic and follow-up procedures stemmed from the GIST Registry of GEIS. Main inclusion criteria were: localized GIST, adequate surgery, size>2 cm, complete genotype for KIT and PDGFR genes, no adjuvant imatinib and minimum follow-up of 3 years. RFS was measured by Kaplan-Meier method. For each MRC, RFS was estimated for those harboring DEL-5758 or MUT-PDGFR. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using log-rank test and Cox regression. Results: 429 patients were identified according to the inclusion criteria, 35 of them had insufficient data, thus 394 patients entered into the analysis. Median size was 7 cm and with a median follow-up of 84 months there were 137 recurrences (37%). DEL-5758 and MUT-PDGFR were present in 65 and 25 cases respectively. The 7-year RFS for low MRC were 93% in MUT-PDGFR, 76% in DEL-5758 and 90% in the remainder (p=0.35), for Intermediate MRC were 80%, 26% and 64% (p=0-009) respectively and for high MRC were 40%, 21% and 28% (p=0.79) respectively. On univariate analysis: mitoses, size, location (gastric vs non gastric) and genotype were found to be significantly correlated with RFS. Multivariate analyses revealed that size (HR 1.75; CI 1.04-2.90), location (HR 1.79; CI 1.24-2.60), mitoses (RR 3.4; CI 2.31-5.05) and DEL-5758 (RR 1.5; CI 1.02-2.32) were independent prognostic factors for RFS. Conclusions: Genotype significantly affects prognosis in localized GIST and therefore should be integrated into the risk classification especially in intermediate MCR. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with primary cutaneous melanoma: study of 455 cases

Background The role of elective lymph node dissection in the treatment of patients with primary melanoma is a debated topic in surgical oncology. However, recent data assure a survival improvement with this technique only for patients harbouring nodal metastases. The emergence of a new procedure of lymphatic mapping permits the identification of the sentinel lymph node (SLN), the first draining node from the site of cutaneous melanoma, which has demonstrated to be predictive of staging of the entire regional lymphatic basin and useful in selecting for lymph node dissection only those patients who have early micrometastases.