Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strongly magnetic Ap stars in the Gaia DR2 Hertzsprung-Russell diagram

Context. Knowing the distribution of strongly magnetic Ap stars in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD) allows us to study the evolution of their magnetic fields across the main sequence (MS). With a newly extended Ap star sample from APOGEE and available Gaia DR2 data, we can now critically review the results of previous studies based on HIPPARCOS data. Aims. To investigate our targets in the Gaia DR2 HRD, we need to define astrometric and photometric quality criteria to remove unreliable data from the HRD. Methods. We used the Gaia DR2 renormalised unit weight error RUWE as our main quality criterion. We considered known (close) binaries in our sample compared to their (partly affected) astrometry and used the Gaia DR2 data to find common parallax and proper motion (CPPM) wide companions and open cluster members. We studied G, BP, and RP variability amplitudes and their significance as a function of magnitude. In colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) with absolute G magnitude (determined from inverted parallax) versus BP − RP colour and HRDs, where BP − RP is replaced by effective temperature, we studied the appearance of outliers with respect to their astrometric quality, binarity, and variability. Results. We present a catalogue of 83 previously known and 154 new strongly magnetic Ap stars with Gaia DR2 data, including astrometric quality parameters, binary flags, information on cluster membership, variability amplitudes, and data from HIPPARCOS. Our astrometrically cleaned subsamples include 47 and 46 old and new Ap stars with parallaxes > 2 mas. Most of the known 26 binaries among all 237 stars and 14 out of 15 CMD/HRD outliers were excluded by astrometric criteria. The remaining 11 known binaries and a few highly variable objects mainly appear in the bright and red CMD/HRD parts. A CMD based on HIPPARCOS photometry and Gaia DR2 parallaxes shows a much more narrow distribution in the absolute V magnitudes of 75 common Ap stars over the full B − V colour range than the corresponding CMD based on HIPPARCOS parallaxes.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Konsep Matematika Awal Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun melalui Media Papan Semat

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan konsep matematika awal pada aspek bilangan dan geometri anak usia 4-5 tahun melalui media papan semat. Penelitian tindakan ini menggunakan prosedur kerja yang dikembangkan oleh Kemmis dan Taggard. Teknik analisis data adalah analisis data kualitatif dan analisis data kuantitatif.Guru kelas sebagai kolaborator bersama peneliti melakukan kegiatan dari proses perencanaan, tindakan, observasi hingga proses evaluasi. Hasil penelitian tidak dapat mengeneralisasi pada setiap permasalahan. Hasil Penelitian ini dapat menyumbangkan pemikiran untuk membantu menjawab permasalahan di PAUD Permata Ibu Ceria Jakarta Timur. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan ada peningkatan yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan matematika awal pada anak usia 4-5 tahun . yaitu ada peningkatan dari pra siklus yang hanya mencapai 26,67 meningkat menjadi 48,53 persen dan meningkat lagi pada siklus II mencapai 72,53 % hingga dapat dinyatakan bahwa penggunaan papan semat dapat memberikan solusi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan konsep matemtika awal anak usia 4-5 di PAUD Permata Ibu Ceria
Mapping of the intra-cluster medium out to the virial radius

In this thesis, I study the thermodynamic properties of the intracluster medium out to the virial radius, making use of a unique combination of dedicated XMM-Newton exposures and Planck maps, thus exploiting the capabilities of multi-wavelength observations, to constrain at an unprecedented level the thermodynamic properties in a complete sample of galaxy clusters. I will explore in detail their self-similar properties, their radial dependence, and their implication. This work provides an important legacy value for any future studies of galaxy cluster until the next generation of X-ray telescopes comes along.
Impacts of Hydrometeor Drift on Orographic Precipitation: Two Case Studies of Landfalling Atmospheric Rivers in British Columbia, Canada

Two severe winter storms in 2016 and 2017 caused by landfalling atmospheric rivers over British Columbia (BC) are investigated in this study. Our main concern is the impact of hydrometeor drift on the orographic precipitation. It is shown that the dominant contribution to the windward orographic precipitation was from the horizontal moisture convergence. The precipitation distributions across southern BC were also influenced by the convergence/divergence of condensed water due to the wind-driven effect on hydrometeors. Observed hourly and daily precipitation amounts are used to verify the performances of three Canadian numerical weather prediction systems. Our results indicate that these operational systems were capable of predicting the general features of orographic precipitation in BC. However, the two coarse-resolution systems used a diagnostic precipitation scheme that does not fully simulate the hydrometeor drift process. The High-Resolution Deterministic Prediction System (HRDPS) with a prognostic precipitation scheme was substantially more accurate and skillful in predicting the upwind precipitation as well as the spillover of precipitation on the leeward slopes for these two storms. There was evidence suggesting that the spillover effect was overpredicted by the HRDPS due to a systematic bias originating in the model microphysics. This problem has been improved in the current HRDPS with a new microphysics scheme. Based on our atmospheric water balance analysis, we also proposed two postprocessing schemes that could be applied to improve the quantitative precipitation forecasts of the diagnostic precipitation schemes.
Social Factors Influence on Career Choices for Female Computer Science Students

The low and shrinking numbers of female students studying computer science is a well-known problem in most of the western countries. The dominant perception about computer science field considered it as a masculine domain. In contrast, this study was performed in the IT department where female students are dominant compared to male students. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of different factors on female students in choosing a career in the IT field. A survey was deployed to collect responses of female students in the IT department. The results show that female students are interested in computer science stream and nullify the dominant perception of computer science as a masculine domain. They want to learn technology, become an active member of the digital native world, and interested in coding literacy.
Postverbal negation and the lexical split of not

In Early Modern English, verbal negation was commonly expressed by the addition of not directly after a lexical verb, a construction which subsequently underwent a pronounced decline in frequency as part of broader changes in verbal syntax. Even after the rise of the auxiliary do, however, constructions with the same surface form as the earlier pattern have continued to be used as a stylistically marked alternative. Data from the Hansard Corpus are presented here to show an increase in the frequency of these constructions since the mid twentieth century. The syntactic environments in which contemporary postverbal negation occurs are compared to the patterns existing in Early Modern English, and evaluated in the light of trends within constituent negation. The interpretation proposed is that a lexical split has occurred to produce two separate lexemes of the form not, with different syntactic properties. Postverbal negation would thus occur in Present-day English when speakers choose to make use of the new lexeme.
Intensity and Impact of the New York Railroad Superstorm of May 1921

Analysis is made of low‐latitude ground‐based magnetometer data recording the magnetic superstorm of May 1921. By inference, the storm was driven by a series of interplanetary coronal mass ejections, one of which produced a maximum pressure on the magnetopause of ~64.5 nPa, sufficient to compress the subsolar magnetopause radius to ~5.3 Earth radii. Over the course of the storm, low‐latitude geomagnetic disturbance exhibited extreme local time (longitude) asymmetry that can be attributed to substorm disturbance extending to low latitudes. The storm attained an estimated maximum −Dst on 15 May of 907 ± 132 nT, an intensity comparable to that of the Carrington event of 1859. The May 1921 storm brought spectacular aurorae to the nighttime sky. It also interfered with and damaged telephone and telegraph systems associated with railroad systems in New York City and State. These later effects were due to a combination of three factors: the localized details of geomagnetic vector disturbance, the geographic expression of the Earth's surface impedance tensor, and the configurations and physical parameters of the electrical networks of the day.
The impact of an m/n  =  2/1 locked mode on the disruption process during a massive gas injection shutdown on J-TEXT

Locked modes (LMs) will be one of the major causes of disruptions in the ITER tokamak. Disruption mitigation systems (DMSs), such as massive gas injection (MGI) or shattered pellet injection (SPI), are expected to be deployed in pre-disruption discharges with large pre-existing locked modes. A series of target plasmas with an m/n = 2/1 locked mode induced by resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) penetration was terminated by an MGI on the J-TEXT tokamak. The penetration of the injected impurities during the process was diagnosed using a fast frame visible camera and a multi-channel polarimeter-interferometer (POLARIS) in combination. The electron temperature evolution during thermal quench (TQ) is also shown in detail. It is found that both the phase and width of the 2/1 mode have an effect on MGI shutdown dynamics. When the mode is larger than the critical width, the penetration depth and assimilation of impurities can be enhanced during pre-TQ, leading to a faster quenching process if the relative phase between the O-point of the 2/1 mode and the MGI valve is +90°. Conversely, the penetration depth and assimilation of impurities are suppressed, leading to a slower TQ when the relative phase is −90°. The toroidal radiation asymmetry is worse with the locked mode. The results suggest that the 3D effect between the injected impurities and the 2/1 locked mode is important during the disruption mitigation process.
Nove tehnologije industrije 4.0 v majhnih in srednjih podjetjih v Sloveniji

Slovensko gospodarstvo je mocno vpeto v mednarodne verige vrednosti. Ker je tehnoloski razvoj pomemben za ohranjanje konkurencnosti in položaja na mednarodnih trgih, stevilna podjetja aktivno vpeljujejo nove tehnologije s podrocja Industrije 4.0. Prednjacijo velika podjetja, majhna in srednja pa v procesu uvajanja novih tehnologij zaostajajo. Clanek analizira stanje na podrocju uvajanja novih tehnologij v Sloveniji v majhni in srednjih podjetjih ter skusa osvetliti tudi razloge za zaostajanje. Analiza je sicer nastala kot rezultat raziskovalnega projekta »Industrija 4.0: Uvajanje koncepta v slovenska podjetja in vpliv na sirsi družbenoekonomski razvoj Slovenije« pod okriljem Ekonomske fakultete.
Tobin's Q and the Gains from Takeovers

This paper analyzes the relation between takeover gains and the q rations of targets and bidders for a sample of 704 mergers and tender offers over the period 1972-87. Target, bidder, and total returns are larger when targets have low q ratios and bidders have high q ratios. The relation is strengthened after controlling for the characteristics of the offer and the contest. This evidence confirms the results of the work by L. Lang, R. Stulz, and R. A. Walkling (1989) and shows that their findings also hold for mergers and after controlling for other determinants of takeover gains. Copyright 1991 by American Finance Association.
An ultrathin and broadband radar absorber using metamaterials

In this article, the design, simulation, fabrication and measurement of an ultrathin and wide band radar metamaterial absorber (MMA) are introduced. The unit of the MMA consists of two different sizes of L-shaped structure and a perfect electric conductor separated by 2 mm dielectric layer (only 0.074 to 0.156 at lowest and highest frequencies, respectively). The simulation results show that the proposed MMA has more than 90% good absorption (below −10 dB) in the frequency range of 11.07–23.36 GHz. By adjusting the scale of the unit, the absorption characteristics of the proposed absorber can be adjusted and moved to the frequency range which we are interested in. The absorption mechanism of the proposed absorber is also analyzed by field and surface current distributions. The proposed absorber has been fabricated and experimentally tested for absorbing properties at different angles of incidence and different polarizations. The experimental results show the absorption rates are consistent with the simulation results. The proposed absorber has potential applications in stealth technology.
Problems of mathematical modelling of elastic boundary value in the stress-strain state of car body elements

This article considers mathematical modeling problems of elastic boundary value. The stress-strain state mathematical modeling is used to assess the adequacy of theoretical solutions. The conditions of stress-strain state elements of the study mathematical modeling of the car body are given. The obtained analytical dependences make it possible to simulate the stress-strain state of the car body elements in real operating conditions and to compare the experimental and calculated values of stresses, strains and displacements arising under load.
First Passage Time Distribution for Spiking Neuron with Delayed Excitatory Feedback

A class of spiking neuronal models with threshold 2 is considered. It is defined by a set of conditions typical for basic threshold-type models, such as the leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) or the binding neuron model, and also for some artificial neurons. A neuron is stimulated with a Poisson stream of excitatory impulses. Each output impulse is conveyed through the feedback line to the neuron input after finite delay [Formula: see text]. This impulse is identical to those delivered from the input stream. We have obtained a general relation allowing calculating exactly the probability density function (PDF) [Formula: see text] for distribution of the first passage time of crossing the threshold, which is the distribution of output interspike intervals (ISI) values for this neuron. The calculation is based on known PDF [Formula: see text] for that same neuron without feedback, intensity of the input stream [Formula: see text] and properties of the feedback line. Also, we derive exact relation for calculating the moments of [Formula: see text] based on known moments of [Formula: see text]. The obtained general expression for [Formula: see text] is checked numerically using Monte Carlo simulation for the case of LIF model. The course of [Formula: see text] has a [Formula: see text]-function-type peculiarity. This fact contributes to the discussion about the possibility to model neuronal activity with Poisson process, supporting the “no” answer.
Best Proximity Point Results for Geraghty Type Ƶ-Proximal Contractions with an Application

In this study, we establish the existence and uniqueness theorems of the best proximity points for Geraghty type Ƶ-proximal contractions defined on a complete metric space. The presented results improve and generalize some recent results in the literature. An example, as well as an application to a variational inequality problem are also given in order to illustrate the effectiveness of our generalizations.
Large deviations for the Navier–Stokes equations driven by a white-in-time noise

— In this paper, we consider the 2D Navier–Stokes system driven by a white-in-time noise. We show that the occupation measures of the trajectories satisfy a large deviations principle, provided that the noise acts directly on all Fourier modes. The proofs are obtained by developing an approach introduced previously for discrete-time random dynamical systems, based on a Kifer-type criterion and a multiplicative ergodic theorem. Résumé. — Dans cet article, nous étudions le système de Navier–Stokes en dimension deux perturbé par un bruit blanc en temps. Nous montrons un principe de grandes déviations pour les mesures empiriques des trajectoires sous l’hypothèse que tous les modes de Fourier sont excités par le bruit. La preuve utilise une approche introduite précédemment pour des
Establishing a Framework for the development of Multimodal Virtual Reality Interfaces with Applicability in Education and Clinical Practice

The development of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) content with multiple sources of both input and output has led to countless contributions in a great many number of fields, among which medicine and education. Nevertheless, the actual process of integrating the existing VR/AR media and subsequently setting it to purpose is yet a highly scattered and esoteric undertaking. Moreover, seldom do the architectures that derive from such ventures comprise haptic feedback in their implementation, which in turn deprives users from relying on one of the paramount aspects of human interaction, their sense of touch. Determined to circumvent these issues, the present dissertation proposes a centralized albeit modularized framework that thus enables the conception of multimodal VR/AR applications in a novel and straightforward manner. In order to accomplish this, the aforesaid framework makes use of a stereoscopic VR Head Mounted Display (HMD) from Oculus Rift©, a hand tracking controller from Leap Motion©, a custom-made VR mount that allows for the assemblage of the two preceding peripherals and a wearable device of our own design. The latter is a glove that encompasses two core modules in its innings, one that is able to convey haptic feedback to its wearer and another that deals with the non-intrusive acquisition, processing and registering of his/her Electrocardiogram (ECG), Electromyogram (EMG) and Electrodermal Activity (EDA). The software elements of the aforementioned features were all interfaced through Unity3D©, a powerful game engine whose popularity in academic and scientific endeavors is evermore increasing. Upon completion of our system, it was time to substantiate our initial claim with thoroughly developed experiences that would attest to its worth. With this premise in mind, we devised a comprehensive repository of interfaces, amid which three merit special consideration: Brain Connectivity Leap (BCL), Ode to Passive Haptic Learning (PHL) and a Surgical Simulator.
Accelerated Time-Stepping of Parabolic and Hyperbolic Pdes Via Fast Direct Solvers for Elliptic Problems

The manuscript presents a technique for efficiently solving the classical wave equation, the shallow water equations, and, more generally, equations of the form ∂u/∂t = Lu, where L is a skew-Hermitian differential operator. The idea is to explicitly construct an approximation to the time-evolution operator exp(τL) for a relatively large time-step τ . Recently developed techniques for approximating oscillatory scalar functions by rational functions, and accelerated algorithms for computing functions of discretized differential operators are exploited. Principal advantages of the proposed method include: stability even for large time-steps, the possibility to parallelize in time over many characteristic wavelengths, and large speed-ups over existing methods in situations where simulation over long times are required Numerical examples involving the 2D rotating shallow water equations and the 2D wave equation in an inhomogenous medium are presented, and the method is compared to the 4th order Runge-Kutta (RK4) method and to the use of Chebyshev polynomials. The new method achieved high accuracy over long time intervals, and with speeds that are orders of magnitude faster than both RK4 and the use of Chebyshev polynomials.
On the order of magnitude of Walsh-Fourier transform

For a Lebesgue integrable complex-valued function f defined on R := [0,∞) let f̂ be its Walsh-Fourier transform. The Riemann-Lebesgue lemma says that f̂(y)→ 0 as y → ∞. But in general, there is no definite rate at which the Walsh-Fourier transform tends to zero. In fact, the Walsh-Fourier transform of an integrable function can tend to zero as slowly as we wish. Therefore, it is interesting to know for functions of which subclasses of L(R) there is a definite rate at which the Walsh-Fourier transform tends to zero. We determine this rate for functions of bounded variation on R. We also determine such rate of Walsh-Fourier transform for functions of bounded variation in the sense of Vitali defined on (R) , N ∈ N.
Hard and Soft Sub-Time-Optimal Robust Controllers

In many applicational tasks of motion control – fundamental for research in robotics – problems associated with uncertain and/or varying load (a mass or moment of inertia) can present a substantial difficulty during the synthesis of practical controlling systems. The random concept, where the load has been treated as a stochastic process, is presented in this paper. As a result, through a generalization of the classic switching curve occurring in the time-optimal approach, two control structures have been investigated: the hard, defined on the basis of the rules of the statistical decision theory, and also the soft, which additionally allows the elimination of rapid changes in control values. The methodology proposed here may be easily adopted for other elements commonly found in mechanical systems, e.g. parameters of drive or motion resistance, giving the sub-time-optimal controlling structures that provide many advantages, especially with respect to robustness.
Characteristics of Solar Wind Fluctuations at and below Ion Scales

Kinetic-scale fluctuations in magnetized collisionless plasmas, such as a solar wind, attract attention owing to their vital role in the dynamics of the dissipation of free energy to random particle motion. As the free energy cascades in the inertial range of turbulence, fluctuations at ion characteristic scales become more compressible. Measurements show that these fluctuations possess highly oblique propagation angles with respect to the background magnetic field and follow theoretical predictions for kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs). We performed a large (465 cases) statistical study of normalized fluctuations of the density, bulk velocity, and magnetic field around ion gyroscale and concentrated on (i) their compressibility, (ii) the ratio of density and magnetic field fluctuations, and (iii) the ratio of density and velocity fluctuations. We find that observed fluctuations follow the two-fluid prediction for KAWs generally, but the spread of measured values around their theoretical predictions is large. The analysis of measurement uncertainties shows that the difference between the observed and predicted levels of fluctuations cannot be fully explained by these uncertainties and that the nature of solar wind fluctuations is more complex.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA E-LEARNING TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH E-LEARNING DI PROGRAM STUDI P.TIK

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran menggunakan media e-learning terhadap minat belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah e-learning di Prodi P.TIK. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah penelitian survei. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa semester VI Prodi P.TIK. Sampel penelitian yaitu seluruh mahasiswa kelas D Pagi angkatan 2011 yang dipilih menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling . Alat pengumpulan data yaitu angket minat belajar. Hasil pengolahan data diperoleh pembelajaran menggunakan media e–learning yaitu 76,93% dan minat belajar mahasiswa menggunakan e–learning 78,91. Uji hipotesis diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,948. Karena nilai t hitung > dari t tabel terdapat pengaruh penggunaan media e-learning terhadap minat belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah e-learning di Prodi P.TIK.