Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Papular umbilicated granuloma annulare. A report of four pediatric cases.

BACKGROUND Granuloma annulare is a common skin condition usually presenting as annular plaques composed of intradermal papules. Variants such as disseminated, subcutaneous, and perforating have been described. In this article, the clinical and histologic features of a distinct papular umbilicated form of granuloma annulare are described. OBSERVATIONS Four boys aged 5 to 9 years presented with papular, umbilicated, flesh-colored papules limited to the dorsa of the hands and fingers. Histologically there were unusually distributed but typical features of granuloma annulare, including well-demarcated areas of necrobiosis of collagen, localized beneath areas of epidermal thinning and parakeratosis. There was no perforation. CONCLUSIONS Papular umbilicated granuloma annulare appears to be a distinct variant that may be difficult to diagnose because of its unique clinical and histologic features.
Gene-environment interaction involved in oral carcinogenesis: molecular epidemiological study for metabolic and DNA repair gene polymorphisms.

BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental carcinogens leads to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC); however, the impact of genetic variations in carcinogen metabolisms and DNA repair on OSCC risk considering environmental exposures has not been clearly elucidated. METHODS We conducted a case-control study with 122 cases and 241 controls. The risk of OSCC was evaluated in 10 genetic polymorphisms of nine genes, such as CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, GSTT1, XPA, XPC, XPC, XPF and ERCC1. Gene-environment interaction was also evaluated. RESULTS We found that CYP2E1 and XPA polymorphisms significantly affected the OSCC risk. Gene-environment interactions with smoking were significant for CYP2E1 and ERCC1 polymorphisms. Odds ratios for gene-environment interaction were 7.98 (P = 0.036), 9.67 (P = 0.017) and 8.49 (P = 0.031) for CYP2E1RsaI, DraI and ERCC1 polymorphisms, respectively. No interaction was observed with heavy drinking and any polymorphisms. CONCLUSION CYP2E1, XPA and ERCC1 polymorphisms may affect the risk of OSCC.
Consumers’ Perception of Barriers Effecting Green Purchase Behavior: Instrument Assessment

With the emergence of green consumerism, the trend of “going green” has now prolonged to the Asian region, including Malaysia. Despite most of Malaysians have shown great concern for environmental issues; however, the green buying behavior among Malaysians is not encouraging. The study focuses on the barriers that trigger the green purchasing gap and; identify which barriers are perceived as the most relevant in acquiring eco-friendly home appliances. The paper examines the measurement instrument (questionnaire) for validity and reliability, for the purpose of data analysis. Statistical techniques used for validity and reliability were Exploratory Factor Analysis and Cronbach’s Alpha. Exploratory Factor Analysis was performed on individual dimension for the purpose of explaining variation among items and their reduction to form a meaningful construct.
The Law and Economics of Enhancing Cartel Enforcement: Using Information From Non-Cartel Investigations to Prosecute Cartels

Abstract I present the following proposal: information revealed during non-cartel investigations by competition law enforcement authorities, such as evaluation of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) or investigation of monopolization (dominance) conduct, should be directly used to investigate and prosecute cartels. Currently, in several jurisdictions, information acquired in, for example, an M&As investigation typically cannot be directly used for a cartel case due to the underlying statutes and the legal and administrative procedures that govern information use. Reviewing the management and corporate strategy literature, I note that M&As form a vital part of firms’ core business strategy, with the longer-run strategic aspects being more important. These longer-run strategies could be jeopardized if the firms were engaging in collusion, as the likelihood of detection and prosecution would increase under the proposed rule change, which would punish bad (collusive) behavior. I argue that irrespective of exactly how many cartels are actually prosecuted via this channel, the proposal has the likelihood of creating a meaningful deterrent effect. I also discuss the potential downsides related to Type 1 errors and administrative costs. Overall, I argue that the proposed rule change could increase the efficiency and effectiveness of cartel enforcement, and open an additional front in the fight against hardcore cartels that operate within jurisdictions as well as internationally.
Laboratory cultivation of some human parasitic amoebae.

SUMMARY: Cultural conditions and supplementary substances necessary for the laboratory cultivation of some human parasitic amoebae were investigated by using a basal solution containing inorganic salts, citrate and lactate. Three supplementary components were found necessary: starch grains, animal protein (soluble or insoluble) and living bacteria. Restraint of bacterial growth by antibiotics, and of the development of an alkaline reaction (due to pellicle-forming aerobes) by carbon dioxide, improved the amoebic growth. Under these conditions, all the common parasitic amoebae examined, except Ioda-moeba butschlii, were grown and maintained for long periods in laboratory culture.
PENGARUH SALES GROWTH DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE DENGAN KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh sales growth dan leverageterhadap tax avoidance dengan kepemilikan institusional sebagai variabelmoderasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yangterdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2015-2017. Pengambilan sampeldilakukan dengan mengunakan metode purposive sampling. Teknik pengujiandata adalah dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil analisismenunjukkan bahwa variabel sales growth tidak berpengaruh terhadap taxavoidance. Leverage secara signifikan berpengaruh negatif terhadap taxavoidance. Kepemilikan institusional tidak mampu memoderasi hubungan antarasales growth dan tax avoidance. Kepemilikan institusional mampu memperlemahhubungan antara leverage dan tax avoidance.
ADVANCES IN LATE TRIASSIC VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY BASED ON NEW MATERIAL FROM PETRIFIED FOREST NATIONAL PARK, ARIZONA

Recent collecting of vertebrate fossils in Petrifi ed Forest National Park as the result of an ongoing inventory of fossil localities has produced numerous important new specimens. These include phytosaur skulls and partial skeletons, aetosaur partial skeletons and isolated, but complete, osteoderms, as well as new dinosaur material that contributes new information to a currently poor dinosaur record from the Late Triassic of Arizona. Stratigraphic placement of phytosaur and aetosaur fossils from the park shows that several index taxa used for Late Triassic land vertebrate faunachrons overlap and that revision of these faunachrons is needed.
Relationships between the Circadian Rhythms of Finger Temperature, Core Temperature, Sleep Latency, and Subjective Sleepiness

Skin temperature circadian rhythms have been explored relatively recently. It has been suggested that distal and proximal skin temperature changes play a role in the regulation of the core temperature circadian rhythm and sleepiness. The authors investigated the circadian finger and core temperature rhythms in conjunction with the circadian rhythms of subjective and objective sleepiness. Fourteen healthy, young, good sleepers participated in a modified constant-routine procedure in which palmar finger temperature, rectal temperature, subjective sleepiness, and objective sleep latency were measured halfhourly across a 48-h period of enforced wakeful bed rest. Individual curves were adjusted to the group mean temperature minimum time of 0500 h and averaged to create the 4 mean curves. The 5 possible cross-correlation curves between these 4 measures were calculated for half-hourly phase lags from 12 h before to 12 h after the group mean core temperature minimum time. Maximum cross-correlations for each curve suggested that finger temperature preceded core temperature by 3 h (r = -0.22), and subjective sleepiness followed core temperature by 0.5 h(r = -0.33) and objective sleepiness by 2 h (r = 0.29). Although these data are correlational, they are consistent with the notion that finger temperature changes drive core temperature changes, which determine changes of subjective and objective sleepiness.
Nutrition, Anabolism, and the Wound Healing Process: An Overview

Objective: To develop a clear, concise, and up-to-date treatise on the role of anabolism from nutrition in wound healing. Special emphasis was to be placed on the effect of the stress response to wounding and its effect. Methods: A compilation of both the most important and most recent reports in the literature was used to also develop the review. The review was divided into sections to emphasize specific nutrition concepts of importance. Results: General and specific concepts were developed from this material. Topics included body composition and lean body mass, principles of macronutritional utilization, the stress response to wounding, nutritional assessment, nutritional support, and use of anabolic agents. Conclusions: We found that nutrition is a critical component in all the wound healing processes. The stress response to injury and any preexistent protein-energy malnutrition will alter this response, impeding healing and leading to potential severe morbidity. A decrease in lean body mass is of particular concern as this component is responsible for all protein synthesis necessary for healing. Nutritional assessment and support needs to be well orchestrated and precise. The use of anabolic agents can significantly increase overall lean mass synthesis and directly or indirectly improves healing by increasing protein synthesis.
Evaluation and Development of Low‐Phytate Crops

P tb lic acid (hg. S-I bottom) G the mot abu ndant form Of phosphorus (P) i n plant seeds, accounting for 60 to 80% of seed total P (Loft et al., 2000). Phv tic acid has a strong negative charge that is maintained over a wide pH range. Its six phosphate groups form "phytate" or "phytin" salts of various mineral cations, such as K, Ca 2*' Mg2', Fe'', and Zn 2' (Tsao et al., 1997). Cereal grains phytates are primarily K/Mg salts, and contain >50% of the seed's total K and Mg. These cations, along with phytate's P and niio-inositol, form a pool used by seedlings during the early stages of development. Phy tate breakdown occurs in germinating seeds. In addition to the release of cations, phytic acid is hydrolyzed into inorganic P and myo-inositol by a class of nonspecific phosphomonoesterases called phytases (Reddy et al., 1989). Phytasc catalyze the stepwise removal of the inorganic orthophosphate from phytic acid. There is a small amount of enzymatic activity in nongerminated seeds, but phytase-encoding genes are highly expressed during germination. Much of the interest in phytic acid has been based on its role in human and animal nutrition. The human digestive tract contains little endogenous phytase activity. Some phytate complexes are insoluble, whereas others are soluble. The soluble phytic acid forms new complexes with minerals that are present in the gut (Schlemmer et al., 1995). This process decreases the bioavailability of P and cations, especially iron and zinc, stored as a part of the complex. In the case of iron, the negative impact of dietary phytic acid is on iron consumed concurrentl\ in a meal. However, the impact of dietary phytic acid on zinc differs from non in that phytic acid in the gut binds to both the zinc consumed concurrently in a meal and to endogenous zinc that is secreted into the gut along with digestive enzymes. Humans consuming plant-based diets rich in phytate are at risk for iron and zinc deficiency (Mendoza, 2002). More than half the population of the developing world receives inadequate micronutrient levels in their diets (Bouis, 2003). Two of the most widespread micronutrient deficiencies are that of Fe and Zn. Iron deficiency affects 3700 million people (Welch, 2002), and an estimated 49% of the human population is at risk for inadequate nc in the r diet (Would Health Association data discussed in Brown et al., 2001)
Early inflammation–associated factors blunt sterol regulatory element‐binding proteins‐1‐mediated lipogenesis in high‐fat diet‐fed APPSWE/PSEN1dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have an increased incidence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Since AD is considered a multifactorial disease that affects both the central nerves system and periphery and the dysregulation of hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism play critical roles in T2D, we, therefore, aim to explore the influence of AD genotype on the liver during the progress of high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced T2D. Fourteen‐week‐old female APPSWE/PSEN1dE9 (AD) mice and age‐, gender‐matched wild‐type controls C57BL/6J (WT) mice were fed a HFD (45% kcal fat content) or a standard chow diet (chow, 12% kcal fat content) for 22 weeks. The effects of diet and genotype were analyzed. Mouse primary hepatocytes were used to decipher the underlying mechanisms. HFD induced significantly higher body weight gain, more severe hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance and hepatic insulin resistance in AD mice than in WT mice. However, AD mice showed reduced HFD‐induced hepatic steatosis, and SREBP‐1‐mediated lipogenic signaling was activated by HFD in WT mice but not in AD mice. In addition, 14‐week‐old AD mice exhibited higher expression of NF‐κB p65, p‐JNK and p‐p38MAPK, as well as higher hepatic and serum contents of IL‐6 and TNFα. In mouse primary hepatocyte cultures, IL‐6 and TNFα inhibited high‐glucose plus insulin‐induced activation of SREBP‐1‐mediated lipogenic signaling and biosynthesis of non‐esterified fatty acid and triglyceride. Early inflammation–associated factors most likely diminish HFD‐induced hepatic lipid deposition by inhibiting SREBP‐1‐mediated de novo lipogenesis, thus driving substrate flux to glucose production for hyperglycemia and hepatic insulin resistance in T2D development.
Evaluation of δ-Aminolevulinic Acid on Serum Iron Status, Blood Characteristics, Egg Performance and Quality in Laying Hens

Effects of dietary δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) supplementation on serum iron status, blood characteristics, egg production and quality were examined in laying hens in an 8-week feeding trail. Two hundred and forty (Hy-line brown, 40-week-old) layers were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments with ten replications (six layers in adjacent three cages). Dietary treatments included: 1) CON (basal diet), 2) ALA (CON+ALA 5 ppm), 3) ALA2 (CON+ALA 10 ppm) and 4) ALA3 (CON+ALA 15 ppm). All nutrient levels of diets were formulated to meet or exceed NRC (1994) recommendations for laying hens. During the entire experimental period, differences of serum iron concentration and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) were significantly increased in ALA1 supplemented treatment (quadratic effect, p<0.05). The difference of total protein between 8 and 0 weeks was significantly higher in ALA2 treatment than CON treatment (quadratic effect, p<0.05). No significant effects were observed on hemoglobin, WBC, RBC, lymphocyte and albumin concentrations. Egg production and egg weight were not influenced by the ALA supplementation. Egg yolk index was also significantly higher in ALA3 treatment than CON treatment at the end of 4 and 8 weeks (linear effect, p<0.05). Haugh unit was increased in ALA3 treatment compared to CON and ALA1 treatments at the end of 8 weeks (linear effect, p<0.05). However, egg shell thickness, breaking strength and yolk color unit were not affected by the ALA supplementation. In conclusion, dietary ALA supplementation at a level of 5 ppm can affect iron concentration in serum while higher levels (10 or 15 ppm) have some beneficial influences on blood profiles and egg quality.
The Characteristics of Middle Aged Australian Women who Consult Acupuncturists

Background Although an increase in the use of acupuncture in recent years has been identified, there are few studies that focus attention upon the characteristics of acupuncture users. This survey aimed at providing a first step towards addressing this significant research gap. Methods This study was conducted as part of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, and examined the characteristics of acupuncture users among middle aged Australian women between 50 and 55 years old. Data were collected on demographic measures, health status and health service use. Results The paper reports on 11 202 middle aged women, surveyed in 2001. We estimate that 4.5% of middle aged women consult an acupuncturist. Women who consult an acupuncturist are less likely to be married or living in a de facto relationship, are more likely to have had a major personal illness in the previous year, to have suffered from a variety of symptoms or have significantly lower scores (ie poorer health) on all eight dimensions of the SF-36 health-related quality of life scale. Women who use acupuncture are also higher users of ‘conventional’ health services. Conclusion While the development of a research base and clinical applications for acupuncture are ongoing, health professionals should be aware that acupuncture is currently being used by large numbers of middle aged women. In addition, given the relatively higher prevalence of acupuncture use reported in our study, it is important that further research explores acupuncture use in more detail and the relationship between women's health issues and their use and experience of acupuncture.
Pengaruh Website Quality, Electronic Word-of-mouth, Dan Sales Promotion Terhadap Impulse Buying Pada Zalora

This study was conducted to determine the effect of website quality, electronic word-of-mouth, and sales promotion against impulse buying at Zalora. This study uses a quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to 80 respondents who meet the requirements of the study. 80 respondents consisted of respondents who are browsing on the website Zalora encountered by researchers. Processing of research data using SPSS 24.0. the result of three independent variables: website quality, electronic word-of-mouth, and sales promotion have a positive impact toward impulse buying.
Clinical safety and wear resistance of the phospholipid polymer‐grafted highly cross‐linked polyethylene liner

To reduce the production of wear particles and subsequent aseptic loosening, we created a human articular cartilage‐mimicked surface for a highly cross‐linked polyethylene liner, whose surface grafted layer consisted of a biocompatible phospholipid polymer, poly(2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine). Although our previous in vitro findings showed that poly(2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)‐grafted particles were biologically inert and caused no subsequent bone resorptive responses, and poly(2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) grafting markedly decreased wear in hip joint simulator tests, the clinical safety, and in vivo wear resistance of poly(2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)‐grafted highly cross‐linked polyethylene liners remained open to question. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated clinical and radiographic outcomes of poly(2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)‐grafted highly cross‐linked polyethylene liners 5 years subsequent to total hip replacement in 68 consecutive patients. No reoperation was required for any reason, and no adverse events were associated with the implanted liners. The average Harris Hip Score increased from 38.6 preoperatively to 96.5 5 years postoperatively, and health‐related quality of life, as indicated by the Short Form 36 Health Survey, improved. Radiographic analyses showed no periprosthetic osteolysis or implant migration. Between 1 and 5 years postoperatively, the mean steady‐state wear rate was 0.002 mm/year, which represented a marked reduction relative to other highly cross‐linked polyethylene liners, and appeared to be unaffected by patient‐related or surgical factors. Although longer follow up is required, poly(2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)‐grafted highly cross‐linked polyethylene liners improved mid‐term clinical outcomes. The clinical safety and wear‐resistance results are encouraging with respect to the improvement of long‐term clinical outcomes with poly(2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)‐grafted highly cross‐linked polyethylene liners. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2007–2016, 2017.
Identification of Plasmodium falciparum RhopH3 protein peptides that specifically bind to erythrocytes and inhibit merozoite invasion

The identification of sequences involved in binding to erythrocytes is an important step for understanding the molecular basis of merozoite–erythrocyte interactions that take place during invasion of the Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite into host cells. Several molecules located in the apical organelles (micronemes, rhoptry, dense granules) of the invasive‐stage parasite are essential for erythrocyte recognition, invasion, and establishment of the nascent parasitophorous vacuole. Particularly, it has been demonstrated that rhoptry proteins play an important role in binding to erythrocyte surface receptors, among which is the PfRhopH3 protein, which triggers important immune responses in patients from endemic regions. It has also been reported that anti‐RhopH3 antibodies inhibit in vitro invasion of erythrocytes, further supporting its direct involvement in erythrocyte invasion processes. In this study, PfRhopH3 consecutive peptides were synthesized and tested in erythrocyte binding assays for identifying those regions mediating binding to erythrocytes. Fourteen PfRhopH3 peptides presenting high specific binding activity were found, whose bindings were saturable and presented nanomolar dissociation constants. These high‐activity binding peptides (HABPs) were characterized by having α‐helical structural elements, as determined by circular dichroism, and having receptors of a possible sialic acid‐dependent and/or glycoprotein‐dependent nature, as evidenced in enzyme‐treated erythrocyte binding assays and further corroborated by cross‐linking assay results. Furthermore, these HABPs inhibited merozoite in vitro invasion of normal erythrocytes at 200 μM by up to 60% and 90%, suggesting that some RhopH3 protein regions are involved in the P. falciparum erythrocyte invasion.
Correlation between different markers for the assessment of red chilli pepper powders stability during shelf-life

Abstract Pungency and red colour of Capsicum powders deteriorate during processing and storage, resulting in a decrease in market value. Two varieties of pepper with different pungencies were monitored for capsaicinoids, colour and furosine. Aliquots were stored at room and at low temperature during one year. At low temperature all indicators were stable in both varieties, while at room temperature, redness and capsacinoids decreased significantly, while furosine increased. High correlation was found between those markers. The more pungent variety exhibited higher stability in terms of all parameters. Differences observed suggest a potential protective effect exerted by capsaicinoids on powder stability. The decrease in capsaicinoids and redness accompanied by furosine increase showed a linkage between those markers never reported before. Considering that capsaicinoids and furosine occurrence have strong impact on the nutritional profile, the findings of this work show relevant changes in the nutritional value of chilli pepper powder after storage.