Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OF MEMORY MODELS FROM GLOBAL TO BAYESIAN

En éste trabajo, se exploran los fundamentos tanto empíricos como teóricos de algunos de los modelos de memoria más importantes. Una situación importante en la investigación sobre memoria fue el desarrollo de “Modelos Globales de Memoria”. En estos modelos, los juicios acerca de eventos únicos están basados sobre la comparación de todas las trazas de memoria en la prueba. Tres de los modelos de memoria global más importantes son SAM (Gillund y Shiffrin, 1984) TODAM (Murdock, 1982) y MINERVA2 (Hintzman, 1986, 1988). Este trabajo se organiza en forma cronológica. Se lleva a cabo una revision de los primeros modelos sobre memoria global antes de la llegada de los modelos globales sobre memoria. Luego se discuten los modelos globales sobre memoria. Y finalmente, se discuten algunos de los datos y modelos que son inconsistentes con los modelos globales sobre memoria, junto con las direcciones contemporáneas en los modelos sobre memoria, tales como Los Modelos Bayesianos sobre Memoria.
Effect of Fiscal Policy and Trade Openness on Economic Growth in Indonesia: 1990-2015

This study examines empirically the effect of fiscal policy and trade openness on economic growth in Indonesia for the period 1990-2015. Fiscal policy includes government spending on infrastructures, human resources, and routine spending, while tax revenue and foreign loans is as source of financing. This study finds government spending on infrastructure and human resources have positive and significant effect on economic growth if they are financed by tax revenue and insignificant if they are financed by foreign loans. Routine government spending has negative and insignificant effect on economic growth for both financed by taxes and foreign loans. Trade openness has positive and significant effect on economic growth. The implication is the proportion of spending on infrastructure and human resources should be increased by taxes financing rather than foreign loans. Competitiveness of domestic industries should be improved to achieve a positive impact of free trade.
Investigating the Effect of Dividend Policy on the Wealth of Stockholders of Listed Companies on the Ghana Stock Exchange

This paper has examined the impact of dividend policy on the wealth of stockholders of selected registered companies on the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE). Secondary data were collected on 25 listed firms using annual reports from 2005 to 2011. The dependent variable was wealth of stockholders proxied by market price per stock. The explanatory variables included dividend per stock (DPS), retained earning per stock (REPS), financial leverage (FLEV), and price earning ratio (PER). Fixed-effect model was fitted to the data. The regression results showed that dividend payment, retained earning, and price earning ratio have significant positive impact on the stock market price. It was also found that the impact of dividend is more pronounced than that of retained earning in the context of companies registered on the Ghana Stock Exchange. It is therefore recommended that optimal trade-off between dividend payment and retained earning be established by corporate management to maximise the wealth of stockholders.
QUALITY OF FINANCIAL REPORTING VILLAGE: TESTING DETERMINANTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR GOOD GOVERNANCE

The enactment of Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages has given wider powers to the village and brought changes to the village budget is a good number of budget as well as the demands on improving the quality of financial reporting. Village financial management requires the ability to constantly adapt to the demands of the ever-changing environment. Strategic environmental conditions are always trying to answer the demands of the times, the limitations of public resources is an important factor for creating good governance in the management of village finances. Good governance is expected to improve the performance of the village governments in running the government. Optimal government performance in the end to give satisfaction to the community with the services provided. Satisfaction has become one of the foundations of public confidence in the legitimacy of the existing government This study aims to examine the factors which will affect the quality of the financial reporting of the village and its implications for good governance in Central Lombok regency. The method used is quantitative method using structural models with Smart analysis tools Partial least Square. Sampling technique using non-probalility sampling technique that consists of the village head, village secretary and treasurer of the village. The results showed that the quality of financial reporting village in Central Lombok regency is quite good, although not optimal. From these studies it was found that the quality of rural financial reporting is influenced by several factors, namely the competence of human resources, internal control, information technology, organizational commitment and the role of facilitators of the village. Among these factors are influential is the competence of human resources, internal controls and organizational commitment while information technology and the role of facilitators village but not significant positive effect. Furthermore, it was found that the quality of financial reporting village has powerful implications for good governance.
Status of the Red-Listed Lichen Lobaria pulmonaria on the Åland Islands, SW Finland

The population of Lobaria pulmonaria (tree lungwort) has been regarded as a relict on the Åland Islands (Ahvenanmaa). Fresh findings of apothecia imply the opposite. Censusing of 13 localities with more than 200 trees has shown that the lichen predominantly grows along the NW—NE sector of tree trunks with porous bark in easterly slopes. In light and dry wooded meadows the lichen has a lower vitality than in undisturbed, shady and moist forests. Most thalli occurred on Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior and Populus tremula, even though Quercus robur, Tilia cordata and some other species were also represented. About half of the trees were found in Höckböle and it was also there and at Ingersholma that we found apothecia.
USER ACCEPTANCE OF AN ELECTRONIC DINAR PAYMENT SYSTEM IN MALAYSIA

This study is intended to solve several problems associated with physical gold dinar when used as a form of payment. One dinar is equal to 4.25 gram of pure gold. Specifically, this work proposes the use of e-commerce technology -known as electronic dinar payment system -to solve those problems. But before actual system can be implemented, this research attempts to find out whether or not the public would be ready to adopt the concept of electronic dinar payment system. The research framework is based on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) (Venkatesh et al., 2003). It measures the user acceptance based on these constructs; performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions. In addition, anxiety, perceived credibility, and attitude toward using are added as three new constructs. Data collection is based on a questionnaire survey. From the descriptive analysis results, it is discovered that most of the respondents participated in this survey generally agree with the idea of using the proposed electronic dinar payment system (mean rating of above 4.00).
Assessments of the reliability of NCEP circulation data and relationships with surface climate by direct comparisons with station based data

An assessment is made of the climate simulations from the NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) Reanalyses over Europe. This assessment was initiated as part of the European Commission funded study on Atmospheric Circulation Classification and Regional Downscaling (ACCORD) and was designed to test the suitability of the Reanalyses for this type of application. Here NCEP Reanalyses (pressure, temperature and precipitation) from 1958 through 1997 are compared to station data of precipitation and temperature and composites of mean sea level pressure (MSLP) data. The comparison is made over a European window using monthly data with a focus on 3 land areas: Central and Eastern England and Italy, where daily timescale data are employed. MSLP data are generally well simulated; however, an input problem in the NCEP data prior to 1967 results in unrealistically low surface pressure. NCEP surface pressure over Greenland is also shown to be unrealistically high during the winter months. Spatially NCEP MSLP is shown to correlate quite well with UK Meteorological Office (UKMO) MSLP over the ocean and much of northeast Europe, while they correlate less well over high orographical regions. It is shown that, while daily temperature is well simulated, daily precipitation is less so, particularly during the summer months when convective precipitation is dominant. Total precipitation over the 2 UK areas is lower than observed, by as much as 22% over Central England. The number of rain day events is underestimated over the 3 regions, although the anomaly of rain per rain day is shown to vary between the regions, being overestimated in NCEP in Eastern England and Italy. Mean daily temperature is shown to be much better simulated compared with precipitation, with a slight warm bias in all 3 grid boxes.
Effect of storage time and temperature on stability of bioactive compounds in aseptically packed beverages prepared from rose hips and sea buckthorn berries

Rose hips and sea buckthorn berries contain high amounts of beneficial bioactive compounds. In this study the content and stability of natural vitamins and antioxidants were investigated in two fruit beverages made from rose hip powder, sea buckthorn berry puree and white grape juice concentrate, and wheat germ oil in one of the beverages. Beverages were formulated, pasteurised and filled aseptically in Tetra Brik packages and stored up to 35 days at 4 degrees C or 22 degrees C. Samples were analysed for the content of ascorbic acid, carotenoids, major phenolics, tocochromanols, total phenols and total antioxidant capacity as ferric reducing ability. The largest changes occurred during the first 5 days of storage, thereafter mainly ascorbic acid decreased. In the wheat germ oil supplemented beverage, alpha-tocopherol was more rapidly degraded. Negative correlations between the decrease of some carotenoids and tocochromanols, and the increase of some phenolics, suggest relationships of redox reactions specific to the amount of oil supplemented. From the present study we can conclude that additions of oil to beverages should be carefully selected to avoid oxidations of bioactive compounds. Furthermore, packaging of the beverages should be carried out at higher temperatures and thereafter it should be stored at low temperatures (4 degrees C), which decreased oxidation of all bioactive compounds except ascorbic acid. (Less)
CONTROL OF PREHARVEST FRUIT DISEASES OF AVOCADO Part I: Efficacy of various Triazole fungicides against Cercospora spot and Sooty blotch

Cercospora spot of avocado was effectively controlled by pre-harvest applications of Flusilazol or Copper oxychloride. Cyproconazole and Triadimenol were slightly less effective. Penconazole gave only slight control of Cercospora spot. With the exception of Copper oxychloride and Penconazole none of the compounds tested controlled Sooty blotch. Where Flusilazol, Cyproconazole or Triadimenol were alternated with Copper oxychloride sprays, good control of Cercospora was achieved. None of the triazole compounds tested left visible spray residues on fruit. UITTREKSEL Cercospora-vlek van avokado's is effektief beheer deur vooroestoedienings van Flusilasol of koperoksikloried. Siprokonasool en Triadimenol was minder effektief. Penkonasool het min beheer van Cercospora-vlek gegee. Met die uitsondering van koperoksikloried en Penkonasool het nie een van die middels Roetvlek beheer nie. Waar Flusilasool, Siprokonasool of Triadimenol afwisselend met koperoksikloried gespuit is, is effektiewe beheer van Cercospora-vlek verkry. Die triasoolmiddels wat getoets is, het geen sigbare spuitreste op vrugte nagelaat nie.
Attitude control system of the Delfi-n3Xt satellite

This work is concerned with the development of the attitude control algorithms that will be implemented on board of the Delfi-n3xt nanosatellite, which is to be launched in 2013. One of the mission objectives is to demonstrate Sun pointing and three axis stabilization. The attitude control modes and the associated algorithms are described. The control authority is shared between three body-mounted magnetorquers (MTQ) and three orthogonal reaction wheels. The attitude information is retrieved from Sun vector measurements, Earth magnetic field measurements, and gyro measurements. The design of the control is achieved as a trade between simplicity and performance. Stabilization and Sun pointing are achieved via the successive application of the classical Bdot control law and a quaternion feedback control. For the purpose of Sun pointing, a simple quaternion estimation scheme is implemented based on geometric arguments, where the need for a costly optimal filtering algorithm is alleviated, and a single line of sight (LoS) measurement is required ? here the Sun vector. Beyond the three-axis Sun pointing mode, spinning Sun pointing modes are also described and used as demonstration modes. The three-axis Sun pointing mode requires reaction wheels and magnetic control while the spinning control modes are implemented with magnetic control only. In addition, a simple scheme for angular rates estimation using Sun vector and Earth magnetic measurements is tested in the case of gyro failures. The various control modes performances are illustrated via extensive simulations over several orbits time spans. The simulated models of the dynamical space environment, of the attitude hardware, and the onboard controller logic are using realistic assumptions. All control modes satisfy the minimal Sun pointing requirements allowed for power generation.
Getting Ready: Preparation for Exporting

This study examines developments at the plant-product level preceding an expansion into foreign markets. It relies on very detailed Mexican data for 1994-2004, a period of liberalization in US trade policy vis a vis Mexico, mandated by the North American Free Trade Agreement. Our approach is novel in that we focus on quality, proxied by domestic price premium, of current and future export products. Our findings are consistent with quality upgrading taking place in preparation for entry into export markets. We show that manufacturers who export a particular product variety tend to obtain a price premium for their domestic sales of this variety. Consistently with the hypothesis of quality upgrading before exporting, we find evidence that this premium emerges exactly one year before a variety starts being exported. We find no evidence of upgrading after entering export markets. Our IV estimates suggest that the changes in the price premium are driven by the anticipated cuts in US tariffs and are particularly pronounced among producers exhibiting better performance in the initial period.
Seasonal and interannual (ENSO) climate variabilities and trends in the South China Sea over the last three decades

Abstract. We present a short overview of the long-term mean and variability of five Essential Climate Variables observed in the South China Sea over the last 3 decades, including sea surface temperature (SST), sea level anomaly (SLA), precipitation (P), surface wind and water discharge (WD) from the Mekong and Red Rivers. At the seasonal time scale, SST and SLAs increase in the summer (up to 4.2 °C and 14 cm, respectively), and P increases in the north. The summer zonal and meridional winds reverse and intensify (mostly over the ocean), and the WD shows positive anomalies. At the interannual time scale, each variable appears to be correlated with El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indices. Eastern Pacific El Nino events produce basin-wide SST warming (up to 1.4 °C) with a 6-month lag. The SLAs fall basin-wide (by up to 9 cm) during an El Nino event (all types), with a 3-month lag. The zonal and meridional winds strengthen (up to 4 m/s) in the north (weaken in the south) during all types of El Nino events, with a 3–5-month lag. A rainfall deficit of approximately 30 % of the mean occurs during all types of El Nino phases. The Mekong River WD is reduced by 1/3 of the mean 7–8 months after all types of El Nino events. We also show increasing trends of SST as high as 0.24 °C/decade and SLAs by 41 mm/decade. Increasing trends are observed for zonal wind, which is possibly linked to the phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and decreasing trends are observed for P in the north and both WD stations that were analyzed. The likely driving mechanisms and some of the relationships between all observed anomalies are discussed
Low Risk Anomalies ? August 2015

This paper shows theoretically and empirically that betaand volatility-based low risk anomalies are driven by return skewness. The empirical patterns concisely match the predictions of our model that endogenizes the role of skewness for stock returns through default risk. With increasing downside risk, the standard capital asset pricing model (CAPM) increasingly overestimates expected equity returns relative to firms’ true (skew-adjusted) market risk. Empirically, the profitability of betting against beta/volatility increases with firms’ downside risk, and the riskadjusted return differential of betting against beta/volatility among low skew firms compared to high skew firms is economically large. Our results suggest that the returns to betting against beta or volatility do not necessarily pose asset pricing puzzles but rather that such strategies collect premia that compensate for skew risk. Since skewness is directly connected to default risk, our results also provide insights for the distress puzzle.
Framing the framing effect: the impact of context cues on solutions to the ‘Asian disease’ problem

Participants were exposed to the "asian disease" problem (Tversky & Kahneman, 1981). When the problem was subtly framed as a medical decision problem previous findings replicated: Participants avoided the risky option when the problem was framed positively, but preferred the risky option when the problem was framed negatively. This reversal of preferences was eliminated however, when the same problem was subtly introduced as a statistical problem. The results are interpreted as evidence for the impact of context cues on the representation of decision problems.
AWARENESS DURING ANAESTHESIA IN MAHARAJ NAKORN CHIANG MAI HOSPITAL

The incidence of awareness with recall during anaesthesia has been estimated at 0.2-0.3% during general surgery. Although intraoperative awareness occurrs infrequently, it has the highest risk factor of patient dissatisfaction after anaesthesia and could largely affect the wellbeing of these patients, especially regarding psychological consequences. We collected data from all the elective cases receiving general anaesthesia at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital Hospital from March 1, 2003 to February 29, 2004. Among 6,170 cases, 7 were (0.11%) of intraoperative recall of awareness. Awareness was found in 4 female and 3 male patients. Patients experiencing awareness reported sound, feeling the operation without pain, pain and paralysis. However no serious psychological problems were reported in these patients. The contributing factors included inadequate knowledge, medication dosage and care from inexperience. The corrective strategies included guideline
Lead-Induced Cytotoxicity and Mutagenicity in Grass Pea

Chromosomal variation is an important tool in genetic analysis. The objectives of the present study were to determine the mutagenic potential of lead (Pb) on the meiotic cells of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) and to determine the maximum concentration of lead nitrate that induces maximum genetic variability in grass pea. The different concentrations of lead nitrate used were 25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 ppm. The percentage of abnormalities increased with the lead nitrate concentration. Different types of chromosomal abnormalities were observed, such as condensed bivalents, secondary association, laggards, bridges, cytomixis, stickiness, etc.
PNEUMOCOCCAL BIOFILMS AND THEIR INTERVENTION STRATEGIES

Pneumonia is a fatal infection with hard time breathing, cough, and fever. The children are at high risk worldwide due to pneumonia. This is responsible for childhood mortality and morbidity worldwide. It is mainly caused by bacteria. Pneumonia-causing bacteria are resistant to most of the antibiotics and therapeutic agents due to the formation of biofilms. Laboratories around the world are trying to develop strategies to combat pneumococcal biofilms. This review deals with the formation of pneumococcal biofilms and their different intervention strategies.
Expression Profiles of PIK3CA, RUNX3, COX-2 and DMBT1 Genes In Brain Tumor Prognosis: A preliminary study

The two main subgroups of the important genes functioning in the development of cancer including brain tumors are tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. The aim of this pilot study was to determine the expression profi les of tumor suppressor genes; RUNX3 (Runt-related transcription factor 3), DMBT1 (deleted in malignant brain tumors 1), and oncogenes PIK3CA (phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, alpha polypeptide) and COX–2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) in brain tumors. Explant cell cultures were performed using brain tumor tissues from the 14 cases. Total RNA was isolated from the cultured cells. Relative ratio of expression profi les of the tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes were determined by using real-time online RT-PCR. U-87MG cell line was used as positive control. The mean relative ratios of DMBT1, RUNX3, COX-2 and PIK3CA genes were found; 72.2, 59.3, 0.119 and 48.5; respectively. COX-2 over-expression correlated with a signifi cantly reduced survival (Log- Rank, p= 0.049). Suppression of DMBT1 and RUNX3 is associated with decreased survive, however no signifi cant difference was determined between expressions of PIK3CA, DMBT1 and RUNX3 genes and overall survival. High COX-2 expression is found to be associated with clinically more aggressive brain tumors. Our preliminary data suggests that COX-2 gene may be used as a therapeutic target.
Caesarean scar endometriosis: a case report

Endometriosis is a chronic gynaecologic disorder defined by the presence of ectopic functional endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Scar endometriosis is a rare form of endometriosis that is usually confused with other surgical or dermatological lesions leading to delay in diagnosis. Usually, this condition is associated with obstetrical and gynecological interventions although it may occur after other procedures and as denovo. We present a case of cesarean scar endometriosis, diagnosed and managed at a tertiary level centre with a brief literature review.