Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anaesthesia for a patient with Wilson's Disease: A case report

Wilson’s disease (WD), also known as hepatolenticular degeneration, is an autosomal recessive disorder and is due toreduction in the synthesis of copper transporter protein, Ceruloplasmin. Due to ceruloplasmin defi ciency, there is failureof excretion of copper in bile and it accumulates in body tissues leading to major hepatic and neurological involvement.Hepatic involvement after excess copper deposition leads to chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, which may altermetabolism and excretion of anaesthetic agents. The neurological effect is a movement disorder, with abnormalitiesof speech, tremor, incontinence (lack of self control) and dystonia being common features. In spite of many knownanaesthetic problems, there are very few reports of General Anaesthesia and Regional Anaesthesia in these patients, sowe report a case of Wilson`s Disease with anaesthetic management. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/jkmc.v2i1. 10552 Journal of Kathmandu Medical College , Vol. 2, No. 1, Issue 3, Jan.-Mar., 2013, page: 31-32
Word-initial consonant clusters in Latvian child language : variation , sonority and grammar stratification

The strategies displayed by 20 Latvian children who avoid complex word-initial onsets that we present in this paper, pose problems for previous accounts of cluster reduction. We propose an optimality-theoretic analysis based on constraints on complex onsets derived from typological observations, in which we crucially have to assume that these children syllabify the complex onsets correctly at an abstract level and then reduce them in a later stratum of the grammar. This paper shows, thus, that stratification of grammar leads to effects in language acquisition even in phonotactic learning.
The isotopic composition of atmospheric nitrous oxide observed at the high-altitude research station Jungfraujoch, Switzerland

Abstract. Atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) levels have been continuously growing since preindustrial times. Mitigation requires information about sources and sinks on the regional and global scales. Isotopic composition of N2O in the atmosphere could contribute valuable constraints. However, isotopic records of N2O in the unpolluted atmosphere remain too scarce for large-scale N2O models. Here, we report the results of discrete air samples collected weekly to biweekly over a 5-year period at the high-altitude research station Jungfraujoch, located in central Switzerland. High-precision N2O isotopic measurements were made using a recently developed preconcentration and laser spectroscopy technique. The measurements of discrete samples were accompanied by in situ continuous measurements of N2O mixing ratios. Our results indicate a pronounced seasonal pattern with minimum N2O mixing ratios in late summer, associated with a maximum in δ15Nbulk and a minimum in intramolecular 15N site preference (δ15NSP). This pattern is most likely due to stratosphere–troposphere exchange (STE), which delivers N2O-depleted but 15N-enriched air from the stratosphere into the troposphere. Variability in δ15NSP induced by changes in STE may be masked by biogeochemical N2O production processes in late summer, which are possibly dominated by a low-δ15NSP pathway of N2O production (denitrification), providing an explanation for the observed seasonality of δ15NSP. Footprint analyses and atmospheric transport simulations of N2O for Jungfraujoch suggest that regional emissions from the planetary boundary layer contribute to seasonal variations of atmospheric N2O isotopic composition at Jungfraujoch, albeit more clearly for δ15NSP and δ18O than for δ15Nbulk. With the time series of 5 years, we obtained a significant interannual trend for δ15Nbulk after deseasonalization (-0.052±0.012 ‰ a−1), indicating that the atmospheric N2O increase is due to isotopically depleted N2O sources. We estimated the average isotopic signature of anthropogenic N2O sources with a two-box model to be -8.6±0.6 ‰ for δ15Nbulk, 34.8±3 ‰ for δ18O and 10.7±4 ‰ for δ15NSP. Our study demonstrates that seasonal variation of N2O isotopic composition in the background atmosphere is important when determining interannual trends. More frequent, high-precision and interlaboratory-compatible measurements of atmospheric N2O isotopocules, especially for δ15NSP, are needed to better constrain anthropogenic N2O sources and thus the contribution of biogeochemical processes to N2O growth on the global scale.
A Comparative Study of Immunohistochemical Expression of BAX Protein in Radicular Cyst and Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Babul University of Medical Sciences, Babul, Iran 2 Dental Student, Member of Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Babul University of Medical Sciences, Babul, Iran 3 Member of Dental Material Research Center, School of Dentistry, Babul University of Medical Sciences, Babul, Iran 4 Health Research Institute, Babul University of Medical Sciences, Babul, Iran
Studies on interactions between parasitoids: the case of the idiobiont Trichogramma cacoeciae and the koinobiont Ascogaster quadridentata on Cydia pomonella eggs

To optimize biological control of the codling moth Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera Tortricidae), two of its natural enemies, the egg parasitoid Trichogramma cacoeciae Marchal (Hymenoptera Trichogrammatidae) and the egg-larval parasitoid Ascogaster quadridentata Wesmael (Hymenoptera Braconidae), exploiting the same host resource were investigated for potential interference. Laboratory experiments revealed that in general both parasitoids could not reliably differentiate between unparasitized and previously parasitized eggs whatever quality or combination was provided. This situation was beneficial for T. cacoeciae, as all eggs successfully parasitized by both parasitoids developed solely into T. cacoeciae adults. Nonetheless, the latter’s parasitism rate was much lower in the case of simultaneous presence of a A. quadridentata female than alone showing A. quadridentata capability to defend its own offspring. Although further tests under more natural conditions are necessary, this study suggests that regarding control of the codling moth, inundative releases of T. cacoeciae may disturb the natural control made by the endemic parasitoid A. quadridentata.
Anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste in thermophilic sequential batch process

Anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste is an attractive technology for waste stabilization with generation of valuable byproducts, biogas and stabilized waste. Shortening the digestion time along with enhanced process efficiency is one of the important aspects of this study. This paper presents the results from pilot scale experimental investigation on sequential batch anaerobic digestion under thermophilic condition. The process involves coupling of stabilized and freshly loaded reactor for leachate crossrecirculation until the fresh reactor shifted to active methane phase (CH4 ≥ 50%; pH ≥ 7). Three cycles of sequencing operation were conducted with different leachate recirculation rates. The reactor used for start-up is operated using an optimized combined process (pre-stage: microaeration and flushing; methane phase: pH adjustment and inoculum addition) for a period of 76 days with methane yield of 143 L CH4/kg VS. The results show that startup period decreased with subsequent cycles; consequently digestion period has been reduced from 26 days to 23 days and 21 days for Cycle I, Cycle II, and Cycle III, respectively. It was observed that increased recirculation rate from 0.34 to 0.58 m/m waste.day results into higher methane yield and shorter digestion time. Cycle III exhibits an optimum process efficiency of 81.7% (240 L CH4/kg VS) as compared with the methane yield from lab-scale biochemical methane potential (BMP) test (294 L CH4/kg VS). Thus, anaerobic digestion in subsequent sequencing operation under thermophilic condition is a viable option of organic solid waste treatment.
Gross Morphometrical Studies on the Brain of Kadaknath Fowl in Growing Period

Poultry production in India has taken a quantum leap in the last four decades, emerging from an unscientific farming practice to commercial production system with state-of-the art technological inventions (Tamilselvan et al., 2018). There is a tremendous development in the poultry industry in last few decades, but little attention has been paid for indigenous chicken, due to its poor producing ability (Kumar et al., 2018). Total poultry population of India was estimated to be 700 million, out of which about 10 to 15% were indigenous or native breeds. There are about 20 indigenous breeds/varieties of chicken found in India. Backyard poultry farming is a part and parcel of typical rural/tribal household, touching social, cultural and economic aspects in India. Need of conservation and improvement of animal genetic resources has been globally International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 09 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
The Trauma Recovery Group: A Guide for Practitioners

Interpersonal Violence and Trauma Recovery. Overview of the Trauma Recovery Group. Initial Preparations and Member Screening. The Introductory Phase. Goal-work Sessions. The Concluding Phase. Supervision. Adaptations and Applications. Outcome Research on the Trauma Recovery Group. Appendix A: Sample Recruitment Flyer for Clients. Appendix B: Sample Recruitment Flyer for Clinicians. Appendix C: Telephone Prescreening and Tracking Tool. Appendix D: Screening Interview Checklist. Appendix E: Guide for Collateral Contact with the Client's Individual Therapist. Appendix F: Trauma Recovery Group Guidelines. Appendix G: Co-leader's Group Tracking Notes for Supervisory Meetings. Appendix H: Time-taking Tracking Tool. Appendix I: Member's Concluding Exercise Preparation. Appendix J: Supervisor's Tracking Tool.
Prevalence of Menstrual Disorders and Their Association with Physical Activity in Adolescent Girls of Aligarh City

Not much is known about the association between menstrual disorders and physical activities in adolescent girls. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of menstrual disorders and their association with physical activity among adolescent girls in Aligarh city. This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 320 adolescent school going girls aged 14 -17 years over a period of 10 months. A predesigned pretested structured questionnaire cum interview schedule was used to collect data regarding age at menarche, menstrual cycle interval, menstrual flow length and period pain. Physical activity was assessed by the Physical activity questionnaire scale (PAQ-A). Chisquare and Pearson’s correlation test was applied using IBM SPSS version 21.0. Mean age at menarche was calculated as 12.60 ± 0.99 which ranges from 11 to 16 years. The overall prevalence of menstrual disorders was reported by 76.9%. The most common menstrual disorder was PMS (71.3%). Dysmenorrhoea was 46.3%, amenorrhoea (21.3%), oligomenorrhea (12.8%), polymenorrhea (22.2%), menorrhagia (15.9%) and hypomenorrhea (15%). The majority of adolescent attained menarche at an appropriate age. Dysmenorrhea and PMS are highly prevalent among girls in Aligarh. Strong inverse correlation (R= 0.342, p>0.01) was found between physical activity and menstrual disorders. Dysmenorrhoea and PMS had highly inverse correlation (p> 0.01) while amenorrhoea and menorrhagia had mild inverse correlation (p> 0.05). PMS was the commonest menstrual disorder that interfered with the daily routine of the school girls. Hence, physical activity must be considered as a significant and important risk factor while identifying different types of menstrual disorder. There is an urgent need for menstrual health education so that the disorders underlined can be detected at the initial stage and can be treated in a better way.
Resource Use Efficiency of Bt Cotton and Non-Bt Cotton in Haveri District of Karnataka

The study was conducted to ascertain the resource use efficiency of Bt cotton and non-Bt cotton in Haveri district of Karnataka. CobbDouglas production function analysis was used to calibrate the resource use efficiency. The results showed that the regression coefficients of seeds, human labour and fertilizers in Bt cotton cultivation seeds and human labour in non-Bt cotton cultivation were significant indicating that increase of these resources over and above the present level lead to a significant increase in gross returns. The regression coefficients of plant protection chemicals in Bt and non-Bt cotton cultivation was negative indicating that increase in use of plant protection chemicals result in reduction of gross returns. The Allocative efficiency was greater than one for seeds, organic manure, human labour, machine/bullock labour for both Bt cotton and non-Bt cotton. It suggested that quantity of these resources was used less than optimum and there exists further scope for increased use of these resources. The allocative efficiency was negative for plant protection chemicals for Bt cotton and non-Bt cotton indicating that any further increase in use of plant protection chemicals would reduce the yield.
Minicourse Introduction to Colombeau theory

Aim of this minicourse is to give an elementary introduction to Colombeau theory of algebras of generalized functions. Starting from the original work of Jean François Colombeau in the 80’s we introduce the Colombeau algebra G(Ω), on an open subset Ω of R, as a framework where to define a “reasonable” product of distributions. After having explained the meaning of “reasonable” in this context, we prove that the product obtained by linear embedding of D′(Ω) into G(Ω) extends the classical multiplication of smooth functions. Due to its differential-algebraic properties Colombeau theory is particularly suited to answer a wealth of questions on solutions to linear and nonlinear partial differential equations involving non-smooth coefficients and strongly singular data. In the second part of the minicourse we study some PDE problems in the Colombeau context. In particular we prove that the Cauchy problem for an hyperbolic equation with singular coefficients and singular initial data is well-posed in the Colombeau context and we investigate the qualitative properties of the Colombeau solution. The third and last part of the minicourse is devoted to some recent research topics in Colombeau theory: generalized Fourier integral operators and functional analytic methods for algebras of generalized functions. Lectures: on May 18-20 (Mon/Tue/Wed) at 10:15-12:00 and 14:15-16:00 each day in Lecture Hall J at the main building of Helsinki University of Technology. 3 credit points can be earned by active participation and solving exercises. Local organization: For further information, please contact ville.turunen@hut.fi
Environmental Gentrification

Policies that are designed to reduce environmental damages have the goal of protecting the environment while promoting efficiency and pursuing equity in their distribution of benefits and costs. This paper measures the differential welfare impacts of environmental policies across household groups. To account for property market responses and re-optimization of residential housing decisions, a dynamic model of housing decisions with endogenous tenure status (renting vs. owning) and forwardlooking residents is used. The model extends the distributional analysis in four previously overlooked dimensions: differential impacts of property market appreciation on renters and owners, preference heterogeneity over public amenities, wealth accumulation corresponding to property market changes, and expectations in dynamic housing decisions. The model is estimated taking advantage of an exogenous and unexpected environmental shock and employing a unique data set (L.A.FANS Data) tracking residents locations and tenure choices in Los Angeles County from 2000 to 2007. The results show that environmental improvements have regressive welfare impacts and favor owners more than renters. Welfare impacts can be reduced for renters and can be changed from positive to negative for low-income renters incorporating housing market responses and residential sorting. In contrast, owners of all incomes benefit more due to the capitalization of environmental improvements incorporating housing market responses. Provided that renters are more likely to be low-income earners and people of color, the differential welfare results in this paper raise the concern of environmental justice in policy design and evaluations.
Attitude towards Practical Work and Students’Achievement in Biology: A Case of a Private Senior Secondary School in Gaborone, Botswana

Despite practical work being accorded a pivotal role in science classrooms, the poor quality of conducting practical work in biology classroom leads students to develop certain undesirable attitude towards practical work. Eventhough there has been lengthy research into students’ attitudes to science there is little research specifically into their attitudes to practical work. The purpose of this study was to examine students’ attitude toward practical work and the extent to which such attitude influence students’ achievement in biology. A sequential explanatory mixed methods design was adopted in this study using the sample of30 Form 5 students in one private senior secondary school. A questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data while qualitative data were collected through non participant observation and interview. Using independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance, the study found no significant difference on the three dimensions (importance, interest and difficult) underlying attitudes towards practical work based on students’ gender and age group.Furthermore, the multiple regression analysis showed only importance factor accounted for a significant portion of the variability in students’ perceived achievement in biology. A follow up thematic analysis revealed most students recognize the importance of practical work but few expressed interest in pursuing career in biology related fields. The study concluded that though practical work is important and enjoyable to students but the experience they gain in the classroom cannot motivate them to want to learn science beyond secondary school.
Ethnic Disparities in Prenatal Care Utilization in Vietnam

iii PUBLIC ABSTRACT . iv ACKOWLEDGEMENT . v LIST OF TABLES . viii LIST OF FIGURES . ix INTRODUCTION . 1 World Health Organization’s Prenatal Care Suggestions/Standards . 1 Disparities in Prenatal Care Utilization . 3 Ethnic Disparities in Vietnam . 5 Significance of the Study . 7 Research Purposes . 8 Hypotheses . 8 LITERATURE REVIEW . 10 Key Concepts . 10 Ethnic Disparities in Prenatal Care Utilization in the World. 12 Ethnic Disparities in Prenatal Care Utilization in Vietnam . 18 DATA AND METHODS . 27 Data . 27 Measurements . 29 Analytical Techniques . 33 RESULTS . 35 Bivariate Relationships . 35 Logistic Regression Results for Prenatal Care Utilization during Pregnancy . 38 Logistic Regression Results for Prenatal Care Utilization during Delivery . 41 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION . 49 Main Findings . 52 Limitations . 57 Policy Implications . 59 Suggestions for Future Research . 61
Share Buyback and Equity Issue Anomalies Revisited

We re-examine the behavior of stock returns after share buyback and equity issuance announcements using the five-factor model proposed by Fama and French (2015a). We confirm the findings of Fama and French (2015b) that the equity issue anomaly, i.e., the fact that equity issues are followed by negative long-term excess returns, disappears after replacing the Fama and French (1993) three-factor model with the five-factor model. However, long term positive excess returns after buyback announcements, first reported by Ikenberry, Lakonishok, and Vermaelen (1995), remain economically and statistically significant. Moreover, the Undervaluation Index proposed by Peyer and Vermaelen (2009) remains a useful proxy for the likelihood that the buyback is driven by undervaluation. The buyback anomaly is robust over time and across sectors. Firms with low correlations with the market seem to be better at market timing, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the repurchase is driven by superior companyspecific information. Firms with high pre-announce stock returns volatility also have higher abnormal returns, which is consistent with the hypothesis that a repurchase authorization is an option to take advantage of undervaluation as argued by Ikenberry and Vermaelen (1996). This result is also consistent with Stambaugh, Yu, and Yuan (2015) who find a positive relation between stock returns and idiosyncratic volatility for undervalued stocks, and unlike the well-known low volatility anomaly. Finally, based on these findings, we develop an enhanced Undervaluation Index that improves abnormal returns relative to the index developed by Peyer and Vermaelen (2009). JEL classification: G35
Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Reading Comprehension Performance: An Iranian Experience

This paper attempted to uncover the relat ionship between Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and reading comprehension performanc e in English as a foreign language. GAD as a psychiatric disorder affects the students’ performance in language learning in general and in reading comprehension in particular. Partici pants of the study who were 141 male and female high school students in Zanjan were asked to respond GAD-7 self-report scale and a reading comprehension test. The results of the stat istical analyses of data indicated that there is a significant negative relationship between GAD and reading comprehension performance. Between GAD and gender no relation or difference wa s found, though. GAD in males correlated negatively, but insignificantly and in females sign ificantly and negatively with their performance in reading comprehension. The results also showed t hat GAD can influence the students’ performance in reading comprehension. Moreover, the subjects were divided into four groups in terms of anxiety and their performances compared wi th reading comprehension and a significant difference was observed among the means. Neverthele ss, no groups were found to be statistically different from the rest. Accordingly, it was conclu ded that cognitive and medical therapies can be applied to students with GAD, but first various sources of anxiety in language classes should be identified and minimized.
Boarding School that provide community-based mental health services

The aim of this study to describe a phenomena of Islamic boarding school that threat mental disorder patients. this study uses a phenomenological approach with 10 respondents consisting of caregivers, kyai (the leader of Islamic boarding school), and santri (student) with mental disorders. the results of the study show that boarding school not only accept ordinary santri, but also also accepts santri with mental disorders, interventions used to threat santri mental disorders with a spiritual approach, reflexology massage, occupational activity, environment therapeutic, and therapeutic communication, they do not distinguish ordinary santri with mental disorders except special interventions for the healing process, even santri who have recovered mental illness recruited work on that Islamic boarding school. This Islamic boarding school has seems applied the right principles threated mental disorder patients, but the good documentation will make it better. Keyword: boarding school, community-based, mental health