Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of integrated nutrient management on yield and quality of acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle)

Integrated nutrient management refers to maintenance of the soil fertility and plant nutrient supply to an optimum level for sustaining the desired crop productivity through optimization of the benefits from all possible sources of plant nutrient in an integrated manner. Therefore, it is a holistic approach, where we first know what exactly is required by the plant for an optimum level of production, in what different forms these nutrients should be applied in soil and at what different timings in the best possible method and how best these form should be integrated to obtain highest productive efficiency on the economically acceptable limits in an environment friendly manner. To identify suitable integration of different sources of nutrients in different ratios with respect to vegetative growth, fruit yield and quality, a field investigation was carried out on integrated nutrient management in acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) in randomized block design with three replications. There were nine treatments, T1- Control (500 : 300 : 300 g NPK per tree through fertilizers), T2- 2/3 RDF + 1/3 through Goat manure, T3- 2/3 RDF + 1/3 through Neem Cake, T4- 1/3 RDF + 2/3 through Goat manure, T5- 1/3 RDF + 2/3 through Neem Cake, T6- 50% RDF + 50% through Goat manure, T7- 50% RDF + 50% through Neem Cake, T8- 100% RDF as Goat manure, T9- 100% RDF as Neem Cake. The observation on growth parameters of acid lime tree, fruit yield and yield attributes and fruit quality were recorded to study the effect of treatments and their interpretation. Results of the investigation revealed that treatment T6 (50% RDF + 50% through goat manure) performed best among all treatments. The maximum vegetative growth and yield (7.58 kg tree-1) of fruits having highest fruit length (4.43 cm), fruit diameter (3.99 cm) and fruit weight (35.71 g) was recorded under T6 treatment. Similarly best quality fruits were also produced with maximum juice (43.37%), TSS (10.42%) and Ascorbic acid (86.33 mg/100 g juice) content and minimum seed (1.15%) and acidity (6.06%) content under the same treatment. Key words: Integrated nutrient management, acid lime, vegetative growth, fruit yield, fruit quality.
Simvastatin in Dyslipidemic Diabetic Patients With or Without Metabolic Syndrome Comparison of Cost-Effectiveness , Safety , and Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Versus Atorvastatin , Pravastatin

Aim: The aim of the current study was to determine the efficacy of the 4 most commonly prescribed statins (rosuvastatin, atorvastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin) for managing dyslipidemia among diabetic patients with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS). Material and Methods: This was a cohort observational population-based study conducted at Hamad Medical Hospital and Primary Health Care Centre. The participants were 1542 consecutive diabetes patients who were diagnosed with dyslipidemia and were prescribed any of the indicated statins. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were taken from medical records, and lipid profile at baseline and 2 years after the initiation of statin therapy were retrieved from electronic medical records database (EMR-viewer). Reduction in different lipid profile after 2 years of therapy was compared among different types of statins between patients with and without MetS. Results: Out of total 1542 subjects, 562(36.4%) were diagnosed with MetS using the criteria of International Diabetes Federation. Among those with MetS, 125 were prescribed with atorvastatin, 162 pravastatin, 177 rosuvastatin, and 98 simvastatin. Among those without MetS, 365 used atorvastatin, 172 pravastatin, 345 rosuvastatin, and 98 simvastatin therapies. Among patients with MetS, rosuvastatin therapy resulted in significantly higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol reduction (23%, P = .006; and 20.3%, P = .015, respectively) as compared with other statins. Similarly, significantly higher percentage of patients receiving rosuvastatin therapy were successful in achieving the target of total cholesterol <4 mmol/L and triglycerides <1.7 mmol/L after 2 years (38.4%, P = .012; and 67.2%, P = .010, respectively) as compared with other therapies. In contrast, among patients without MetS, rosuvastatin therapy resulted in highest percentage drop in total cholesterol (20.1%; P = .016) than other statin therapies. Conclusion: The present study confirmed that rosuvastatin therapy in commonly prescribed doses is the most effective statin for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal achievement and for improving the lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic diabetic patients with and without MetS.
Arts management beyond eventification

Looking for cultural remedies between the opposite perspectives of marketisation and culturalisation of the arts, is equivalent to trying new logics between instrumental (Benjamin 1936; Bourdieu 1979) and communicative logics (Habermas 1981). This engagement includes the consideration of the arts management, that nowadays copes much more with design of the contents and dramaturgy of events, planning and production scheduling, marketing processes of the specific event, communication and promotion of the event than with a critic conceptualisation of the forced relation between arts and instrumental thinking. In a new perspective of a cultural and social role of the arts, autonomously and not only instrumentally/economically conceived (i.e. the so called cultural deposits) the aims and core of a necessary reconceptualisation of the relation between the arts and management could concern a struggle against the ‘eventification’ of the arts management: to requalify the relationship between arts and aesthetics in the frame of the need of new categories but the solid of socialspacejournal.eu nr 2/2015(10) 2 modernity; to develop awareness of the importance of creativity and innovation for individual, social and economic development; getting closer to communities; taking advantage of the new technologies; attracting new audiences; to stimulate education and research; to promote and bolster policy debate on art issues; to disseminate good practices (Chong, Gibbons, 1997).
Lactococcus lactis has become an important model micro-organism due to its importance in the food industry and its increasing use as a cell factory for the production of therapeutic recombinant proteins and DNA vaccines

Protein turnover plays an important role in cell metabolism by regulating metabolic fluxes. Furthermore, the energy costs for protein turnover have been estimated to account for up to a third of the total energy production during cell replication and hence may represent a major limiting factor in achieving either higher biomass or production yields. This work aimed to measure the specific growth rate (m)-dependent abundance and turnover rate of individual proteins, estimate the ATP cost for protein production and turnover, and compare this with the total energy balance and other maintenance costs. The lactic acid bacteria model organism Lactococcus lactis was used to measure protein turnover rates at m50.1 and 0.5 h in chemostat experiments. Individual turnover rates were measured for ~75 % of the total proteome. On average, protein turnover increased by sevenfold with a fivefold increase in growth rate, whilst biomass yield increased by 35 %. The median turnover rates found were higher than the specific growth rate of the bacterium, which suggests relatively high energy consumption for protein turnover. We found that protein turnover costs alone account for 38 and 47 % of the total energy produced at m50.1 and 0.5 h, respectively, and gene ontology groups Energy metabolism and Translation dominated synthesis costs at both growth rates studied. These results reflect the complexity of metabolic changes that occur in response to changes in environmental conditions, and signify the trade-off between biomass yield and the need to produce ATP for maintenance processes.
Security design of callable convertible bonds and issuers' external financing costs

ABSTRACT:Existing research argues that convertible bonds mitigate issuers’ external financing costs offinancial distress, agency conflicts and informational asymmetry. The purpose of this paper is totest whether callable convertible bonds are designed in response to costly debt- and equityrelatedfinancing problems. We identify the design (debt-, mixed- and equity-like) of callableconvertible bonds using a measure of conversion probability which accounts for callability.Indeed, most of the existing empirical financial literature on convertible debt design does notpay much attention to the call feature in spite of its important repercussions on the securitydesign. The empirical study provides evidence from 213 French callable convertible bonds overthe period 1990-2010 that the issuer features, and hence the offering motives vary with thedesign of callable convertible debt.
Inequality, Quality of Primary Education and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean *

This paper draws on a political economy model to hypothesize that the quality of education is likely to be lowered by both economic and political inequalities. In particular, we utilize a panel data set across countries and over time to test the applicability of the hypothesis to quality of education indicators at the primary level. We choose four specific indicators, which has been assigned priority in the World Millennium Development Goals, Gross Enrollment Rates, Net Enrollment Rates, Pupil - Teacher Ratios and Survival Rates from Grades 1 to 5. Because of its considerable variation in political and economic inequality across countries as well as over time and its general reputation for high income inequality, our application is to countries of the Latin America and the Caribbean region. Although the sample is rather small and the quality and other measures less than optimal, the results provide fairly strong support for our hypothesis.
Analysis of the diurnal development of a lake-valley circulation in the Alps based on airborne and surface measurements

Abstract. This study investigates the thermal structures of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and the near-surface wind field associated with a lake-valley circulation in the south-eastern Italian Alps – the so-called Ora del Garda. Two flights of an equipped motorglider allowed for the exploration of the diurnal evolution of this circulation, from the onset, on Lake Garda's shoreline, throughout its development along the Sarca Valley and Lakes Valley (Valle dei Laghi), to the outflow into the Adige Valley. At the same time, surface observations, both from a targeted field campaign and from routinely operated weather stations, supported the analysis of the development of the Ora del Garda at the valley floor. In particular, in the valleys typical ABL vertical structures, characterized by rather shallow convective mixed layers (~ 500 m) and (deeper) weakly stable layers above, up to the lateral crest height, are identified in the late morning. In contrast, close to the lake the ABL is stably stratified down to very low heights, as a consequence of the intense advection of colder air associated with the Ora del Garda flow (up to 6 m s–1). The combined analysis of surface and airborne observations (remapped over 3-D high-resolution grids) suggests that the lake-breeze front propagating up-valley from the shoreline in the late morning penetrates slightly later at the eastern end of the valley inlet (delay: ~ 1 h), probably due to the asymmetric radiative forcing caused by the N–S valley orientation. On the other hand, in the early afternoon the Ora del Garda overflows through an elevated gap, producing an anomalous, strong cross-valley wind (5 m s–1) at the Adige Valley floor north of Trento, which overwhelms the local up-valley wind. This feature is associated with a strong deepening of the local mixed layer (from 400 to 1300 m). The potential temperature 3-D field suggests that the intense turbulent mixing may be attributed to the development of a downslope wind across the gap, followed by a hydraulic jump downstream.
A Market Study for Dried Noodles in China: Current Situation and Trend in Supply

The aim was to study the current situation in the supply of dried noodles in China, analyzed regional disparity and trend of dried noodles markets and explored effects of variety and packaging on noodles price. Data were collected via the survey method in four representative cities in China, included Beijing, Hangzhou, Changsha and Hefei. Based on the quota sampling and simple random sampling methods, supermarkets and retail stores were selected. The brands, varieties, producers, origin, packaging style, net content and price of the dried noodles presented on the shelves were examined. No leading brand was observed in Beijing in 2010, while some brands showed distinct comparative advantages, with a large market share in 2012. Some traditional regional brands, such as “Kemen” and “Fengda”, had become nation-wide brands and hold a large proportion in many cities. As new brands from multinational enterprises, “Arawana” and “Jinmailang” were growing fast. The price of dried noodles showed some regional difference. Dried noodles in Beijing and Hangzhou, two developed cities of China, showed higher price than inland second-tier cities. The dried noodles price and the proportion of high-end products significantly increased from 2010 to 2012. Competition at high end of the noodles market was getting tougher than that at the low end. Both the variety and packaging type had significant effects on noodles price. Dried noodles targeted at children or with seasoning bags showed significantly higher price. The dried noodles with better package had a higher price.
Dlx 5 Inhibits Adipogenic Differentiation Through Down-Regulation of PPAR g

Distal-less homeobox 5 (Dlx5) is a positive regulator of osteoblast differentiation that contains a homeobox domain. Because there are possible reciprocal relationships between osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of bonemarrowmesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), we examined the regulatory role of Dlx5 in adipogenic differentiation in this study. Adipogenic stimuli suppressed the expression levels of Dlx5 mRNA in mouse bone marrow stromal cells. Over-expression of Dlx5 inhibited adipogenic differentiation in human bone marrow MSCs and 3T3-L1 preadipocytic cells whereas knockdown of Dlx5 enhanced adipogenic differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. Over-expression of Dlx5 suppressed the expression of adipogenic marker genes, including CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteina (C/EBPa) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorg (PPARg). Dlx5-mediated suppression of adipogenic differentiationwas overcome by over-expression of PPARg but not by that of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) orC/EBPa. Dlx5 decreased the transcriptional activity of CREB and C/EBPa in a dose-dependent manner. Dlx5 directly bound to CREB and C/EBPa and prevented them from binding to and subsequently transactivating the PPARg promoter. These results suggest that Dlx5 plays an important regulatory role in fate determination of bonemarrowMSCs toward the osteoblast lineage through the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation aswell as the direct stimulation of osteoblast differentiation. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 87–98, 2013. 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
1 Evidence for Dual Binding Sites for DDT in Insect Sodium Channels

DDT, the first organochlorine insecticide, and pyrethroid insecticides are sodium channel agonists. Although the use of DDT is banned in most of the world due to its detrimental impact on the ecosystem, indoor residual spraying of DDT is still recommended for malaria control in Africa. Development of resistance to DDT and pyrethroids is a serious global obstacle for managing disease vectors. Mapping DDT binding sites is necessary for understanding mechanisms of resistance and modulation of sodium channels by structurally different ligands. The pioneering model of the housefly sodium channel visualized the first receptor for pyrethroids, PyR1, in the II/III domain interface and suggested that DDT binds within PyR1. Previously we proposed the second pyrethroid receptor, PyR2, at the I/II domain interface. However, whether DDT binds to both PyRs remains unknown. Here, using computational docking of DDT into the Kv1.2based mosquito sodium channel model, we predict that two DDT molecules can bind simultaneously within PyR1 and PyR2. The bulky trichloromethyl group of each DDT molecule fits snugly between four helices in the bent domain interface, while two p-chlorophenyl rings extend into two wings of the interface. Model-driven mutagenesis and electrophysiological analysis confirmed these propositions and revealed ten previously unknown DDT-sensing residues within PyR1 and PyR2. Our study proposes a dual DDT-receptor model and provides a structural background for rational development of new insecticides.
Spatiotemporal variations of the slow slip event between 2008 and 2013 in the southcentral Alaska subduction zone

We apply a Kalman filter‐based time‐dependent slip inversion method to model a long‐term Slow Slip Event (SSE) in the southcentral Alaska subduction zone from 2008 to 2013. This event occurred downdip of the asperity that ruptured in the 1964 earthquake, the same part of plate interface that slipped during a previous SSE between 1998 and 2001. Most of the slip deficit that accumulated during the steady period between 2001 and 2008 (8 years total) in the SSE source region was released by this SSE. Our results indicate both lateral and downdip propagation during this event. The SSE started at the end of 2008 at the upper section of the slip patch, and gradually propagated to the east and to the deeper part of the interface. Our results indicate no connection between this SSE in Upper Cook Inlet and another SSE in Lower Cook Inlet that started in 2010. Analysis of the earthquake catalog in the southcentral Alaska subduction zone shows a clear increase in seismicity associated with the 2008–2013 SSE. With the data from a newly available continuous GPS site, we now can better constrain the start time of the 1998–2001 SSE as ∼1998.58.
Aqueous-Phase, Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki Reactions under Mild Conditions

Water-soluble ionic liquid-supported diols have been used as phosphine-free ligands in Suzuki couplings of aryl idides/bromides/chlorides under mild conditions in aqueous solvent. It was found that 2,2-bis((1-hexylimidazolium)-mehyl) propane-1,3-diol hexafluorophosphate (4) in combination with palladium (II) salts gave the most significant catalyst. Suzuki couplings of aryl iodides/bromides occurred efficiently at room temperature in water/acetonitrile. Notably, the reactions of hydrophilic aryl bromides gave high yields in neat water. The catalyst PdCl2-4 was recycled five times in Suzuki couplings in water before catalyst activity began to significantly drop. The average yield of five cycles was >95% per cycle.
Doing Their Duty: An Empirical Analysis of the Unintended Effect of Tarasoff v. Regents on Homicidal Activity

The seminal ruling of Tarasoff v. Board of Regents of the Universities of California enacted a duty that required mental health providers to warn potential victims of any real threat to life made by a patient. Many have theorized that this required breach of confidentiality may have adverse effects on effective psychological treatment—but the issue remains unaddressed empirically. Because of the presence of duty-to-warn laws, patients might forgo mental health treatment that would prevent violence. Using a fixed-effects model and exploiting the variation in the timing and style of duty-to-warn laws across states, I find that mandatory duty-to-warn laws cause an increase in the homicide rate of . 4, or 5 percent. These results are robust to model specifications and falsification tests and help to clarify the true effect of state duty-to-warn laws.
5 Mood Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for 29% of global deaths, making it the leading cause of mortality worldwide. In 2004, 17.1 million people died from CVD and this number is expected to increase to 23.6 million by 2030 (World Health Organization, 2007). The most important mechanism contributing to the development and progression of CVD is atherosclerosis, the process by which fatty plaques accumulate on the inner walls of arteries, leading to their narrowing and loss of elasticity. This process is thought to generally begin with damage to the vascular endothelium, which is a layer of cells lining the vascular wall. The endothelium plays a critical role in many important functions, such as the dilation and constriction of blood vessels and arteries, thrombus (blood clot) formation, and inflammation (Quyyumi, 2003). When damage to the endothelium occurs, low-densitylipoproteins (LDL’s), commonly known as “bad” cholesterol, permeate the endothelial lining, allowing them to enter the inner layer of the arteries. An inflammatory response, the immune system’s attempt to promote self-repair, is triggered. As part of this inflammatory response, macrophages, whose function is to ingest and decompose pathogens found in the body, engulf these LDL particles and form what are called “foam cells”. The accumulation of foam cells in the arterial wall form a “fatty streak”, a yellowish slightly raised area that is the precursor to atherosclerotic plaques. If the endothelium continues to be damaged, triggering an escalation of the inflammatory response, a fibrous cap eventually covers the lesion, forming a hard plaque. The arterial wall calcifies and hardens. The formation of the plaque and the hardening of the artery cause obstruction of blood flow. If a plaque cap is unstable and becomes damaged, a thrombus can form, increasing the risk of a myocardial infarction (heart attack) or stroke (Stanner, 2005), which occur when blood flow to the heart or brain are completely obstructed. Given that endothelial damage and inflammation are so critical to the atherosclerotic process, factors that damage the endothelium or promote the inflammatory response indirectly contribute to atherosclerosis and therefore CVD.
Comprehending anaphoric presuppositions involves memory retrieval too

We investigate the memory retrieval mechanism that underlies the real-time comprehension of anaphoric presupposition triggers. Using the Drift Diffusion Model, we offer a new experimental argument for the anaphoric view of presuppositions with evidence from the memory retrieval processes associated with the trigger too . We show that the memory representation of the antecedent content that satisfies the presupposition is retrieved via a direct access mechanism, suggesting that anaphoric triggers such as too share the same processing signature of many anaphoric expressions, such as pronouns and VP ellipses.