Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A study of gait acceleration and synchronisation in healthy adult subjects

Accelerometry-based gait analysis is widely recognised as a promising tool in healthcare and clinical settings since it is unobtrusive, inexpensive and capable of providing insightful information on human gait characteristics. In order to expand the application of this technology in daily environments, it is desirable to develop reliable gait measures and their extraction methods from the acceleration signal that can differentiate between normal and atypical gait. Important examples of such measures are gait cycle and gait-induced acceleration magnitude, which are known to be closely related to each other depending on each individual's physical condition. In this study, we derive a model equation with two parameters which captures the essential relationships between gait cycle and gait acceleration based on experiments and physical modelling. We also introduce as a new gait parameter a set of indexes to evaluate the synchronisation behaviour of gait timing. The function and utility of the proposed parameters are examined in 11 healthy subjects during walking under various selected conditions.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ENTEROCOCCUS SPECIES AND DETERMINATION OF THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS AGAINST ANTIBIOTICS AND HEAVY METALS IN COASTAL WATERS OF IRAN

Recreational waters should be considered as risks for Enterococcal infections in regions with high utilization and long exposure periods. The aim of this study was to investigate the resistance of Enterococci to selected antibiotics and some heavy metals [Pb+2, Fe+2, Zn+2 and Cr+2]. A total of 75 Enterococcal isolates was obtained from 54 bathing and fishing water samples from 9 bathing and fishing areas in Bandar Abbas (Iran). Enterococcus raffinosus and Enteroccoccus faecium were the most prevalent species. Disk diffusion method was performed to determine the high level resistance to selected antibiotics, and Micro dilution method was used to detect the sensitivities of the strains against different concentrations (0.005-20 mM) of heavy metals. Antibiotic resistance patterns were observed in isolates. All of the isolates were resistant to Penicillin. Many of them exhibited high resistance to Streptomycin and Kanamycin in 68.08% and 65.96% respectively. The results suggest that recreational waters may contribute to the dissemination of Enterococcal species that exhibit resistance to several antibiotics which are used to treat community-acquired infections.
GRANULOMATOUS LYMPHADENITIS CAUSED BY CORYNEBACTERIUM OVIS

Summary A distinctive granulomatous lymphadenitis is described and the causal organism, isolated from 2 of the 3 cases here reported, has been identified as Corynebacterium ovis. The source of infection is the sheep in which the disease is widespread and of economic significance. Pathogenicity for man is presumed to be low because of the large population at risk compared with the few cases encountered. Involved lymph nodes have necrotic foci which are mostly round or oval and often have a prominent fibrous collar outside a zone of palisaded histiocytes. These histological appearances are sufficiently characteristic for the diagnosis to be suspected on morphological grounds.
Activation du gyrus dentelé par le noyau supramammillaire au cours du sommeil paradoxal chez le rongeur : étude neuroanatomique et fonctionnelle

Ce travail s'inscrit dans l'etude du reseau neuronal responsable de l'activation corticale au cours du sommeil paradoxal (SP) chez le rongeur. Dans la premiere partie de ma these, j'ai participe a la demonstration que cette activation est limitee a quelques structures limbiques determinantes pour l'apprentissage, dont le gyrus dentele de l'hippocampe (GD). Nous avons ensuite montre que l'activation du GD en SP est due a une projection issue du noyau supramammillaire (Sum). J'ai ensuite montre en combinant l'hybridation in situ d'un marqueur des neurones glutamatergiques et GABAergiques et l'immunohistochimie du FOS que les neurones du Sum lateral actifs en SP sont a la fois glutamatergiques et GABAergiques (GLU/GABA). Enfin, j'ai montre que l'augmentation du nombre de neurones FOS+ dans le GD dorsal en SP est abolie apres la lesion neurochimique du Sum. De plus, la lesion du Sum induit une nette reduction de la densite de fibres glutamatergiques dans le GD dorsal. Ces resultats indiquent que les neurones du GD dorsal sont actives en SP par les neurones GLU/GABA du Sum lateral. Le deuxieme objectif de ma these a ete de determiner la fonction de cette voie en SP. Ainsi j'ai utilise la technique d'optogenetique afin d'inactiver ou activer les fibres GLU/GABA provenant du Sum localisees dans le GD dorsal au cours du SP. Nos resultats montrent que l'activation de ces fibres en SP induit une augmentation de la frequence et de la puissance du theta enregistre dans le GD. Ces resultats indiquent que la voie Sum-GD dorsal controle le theta hippocampique et soutiennent l'hypothese d'un role de cette voie dans les processus de consolidation mnesique prenant place au cours du SP
Eff ect of Water Seal on Reducing 1 , 3-Dichloropropene Emissions from Diff erent Soil Textures

712 Soil physical conditions can aff ect diff usion, environmental fate, and effi cacy of fumigants in soil disinfestation treatments. Water seals (applying water using sprinklers to soil following fumigation) can eff ectively reduce fumigant emissions from sandy loam soils. Soil column studies compared the eff ectiveness of water seals in reducing cis-1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) emissions from three diff erent textured soils (loamy sand, sandy loam, and loam). Treatments included an untreated control, an initial water seal (9 mm water applied immediately before fumigant injection), and intermittent water seals (initial 9 mm water seal followed by 3 mm at 12 and 24 h). For the loamy sand, instead of the initial water seal treatment, a reducedamount intermittent water seal (initial 3 mm water followed by 1 mm at 12 and 24 h) treatment was tested. Overall emission loss of 1,3-D from the control over 2 wk was 56% for the loamy sand, 51% for the sandy loam, and 43% for the loam. Th e initial water seal reduced total 1,3-D emissions to 46% in the sandy loam and 31% in the loam. Th e intermittent water seals reduced emission loss to 26% for the loamy sand, 41% for the sandy loam, and 21% for the loam. Th e reduced-amount intermittent water seal for loamy sand had little eff ect. Low emission loss was associated with high surface soil water content. None of the water applications reduced gaseous fumigant concentrations. Results indicate that water seal techniques may be able to eff ectively reduce emissions for diff erent soil textures without reducing fumigant concentration in the soil. Eff ect of Water Seal on Reducing 1,3-Dichloropropene Emissions from Diff erent Soil Textures
Cancer and Extraversion

tion. The incidence of pelvic recurrence after palliative excision operations was 25 %. After radical anterior resection about 7% of patients developed pelvic recurrence and 10% after similar operations of a palliative nature. The incidence of pelvic recurrence after radical excision operations for tumours of the lower third of the rectum is 14.5%, for middle-third tumours 8.3%, and for upper-third tumours 5.2%. The particular liability of low rectal cancers to pelvic recurrence is explained by anatomical considerations which make adequate local excision difficult once growth has spread into the perirectal tissues. Among other factors specially influencing the development of pelvic recurrence after restorative or nonrestorative operations, whether radical or palliative, are tumours with lymphatic metastases, extensive local spread, and carcinomas of high-grade malignancy. It would appear from this study that little more can be done to prevent pelvic recurrence by conventional surgical methods alone. It is suggested that radiotherapy be given a trial as an adjuvant method of treatment. We wish to acknowledge the foresight of Mr. W. B. Gabriel, who founded the follow-up department at St. Mark's Hospital, without which this investigation would have been impossible. Our thanks are also due to the surgical staff of the hospital, Dr. I. G. Williams, and Dr. A. M. Jelliffe, for their help and advice in the preparation of this paper. Expenses were provided out of a block grant to the Research Department of St. Mark's from the British Empire Cancer Campaign.
People, Berdaches, and Left-Handed Bears: Human Variation in Native America

The Native cultures of North America recognize a bewilderingly large range of people, only some of whom are human. Focusing on four widely scattered tribes (Nootka, Keres, Kootenay, Winnebago) with examples from several others (Blackfeet, Pomo, Ojibwa, Tsimshian, Lenape Delaware), this paper examines the mediating role played by berdaches, bears, and others in these cultures. Consideration is also given to variations in the psychological, categorical, and symbolic aspects of gender and of the culture/nature continuum.
Contrast Therapy and Heat Therapy in Subacute Stage of Grade I and II Lateral Ankle Sprains

Objective. This study was conducted to determine the most effective thermal modality; heat or contrast therapy—in reducing pain, reducing swelling, and increasing range of movement (ROM) of the grade I and II lateral ankle sprain in the prechronic stage of the subacute phase. Design. Randomized control trail. Methods. One hundred and fifteen participants of both genders who were diagnosed as having grade I or II lateral ankle sprain were randomly assigned to the study on the fifth day of injury. Pain, volume, and ROM were recorded before and after treatment continuously for 3 days. Results. Effects were evaluated as “Immediately after application” and “3 days after continuous application. ” Immediately after application, there was no difference between the 2 modalities on ankle ROM; heat reduced pain over contrast therapy, and both modalities increased swelling. When considering the effects after continuous application for 3 days, no difference was found between the 2 modalities on ROM and the reduction of pain. Contrast therapy reduced swelling while heat caused increased swelling even after 3 days. Conclusion. The use of different thermal modalities during the transition from the acute to chronic phase of injury can be suggested as effective treatment options according to the objectives of injury management: pain reduction, improve ROM, and swelling management. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level II: Randomized clinical trial
Predictive factors of total hip replacement due to primary osteoarthritis: a prospective 2 year study of 505 patients

Objectives: To determine the 2 year total hip replacement (THR) rate and to identify factors predictive of THR due to primary osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: A 2 year prospective cohort study. Inclusion criteria were primary hip OA, with a history of pain for 6 months, and patients’ pain assessment of ⩾30 mm on a visual analogue scale (0–100 mm). Predictive factors of THR were identified by univariate then multivariate analysis using logistic regression. Potential predictors considered were demographic, radiographic (localisation and severity of OA), and patients’ assessment of symptomatic severity of OA. Results: Of the 741 patients enrolled, 505 (68.2%) patients, mean (SD) age 64.0 (10.1) years, mean (SD) disease duration 4.7 (5.2) years, had complete 2 year data. There was no difference between the completer and non-completer groups. During follow up, 189/505 (37.4%) patients had a first THR. By multivariate analysis, predictors of THR were Kellgren-Lawrence radiographic grade (grade III: odds ratio (OR) = 3.3 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.7 to 6.4); grade IV: OR = 5.3 (95% CI 2.6 to 10.8)), high mean patient global assessment during the first 6 months (OR = 2.2 (95% CI 1.4 to 3.2)), and previous non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) intake (OR = 1.5 (95% CI 1.0 to 2.4)). For two of these factors together, OR = 3.0 (95% CI 1.6 to 5.9), for three factors together, OR = 5.6 (95% CI 2.6 to 12.2). Conclusion: The 2 year rate of THR was high in this group of patients with painful hip OA: 37.4%. Radiological grade, mean patient global assessment, and the need for NSAIDs were predictive of THR.
Ultrasound diagnosis of transverse sinus hypoplasia using flow profiles of the internal jugular vein

Accurate diagnosis of subtypes of transverse sinus (TS) hypoplasia requires more expensive methods like magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. We hypothesized ultrasound findings of the internal jugular vein (IJV) can be surrogate indicators for diagnosis of TS hypoplasia. MR images were reviewed in 131 subjects to evaluate TS diameter and the location and degree of venous flow stenosis and obstruction. Ultrasound parameters including the cross-sectional lumen area (CSA), time-average-mean velocity (TAMV), and flow volume (FV) at each IJV segment were also evaluated. Sixty-nine subjects had TS hypoplasia based on MRV criteria, of which 39 TS hypoplasia were considered a subtype of TS hypoplasia, which is secondary to the downstream venous compression/stenosis or left brachiocephalic vein. In the ultrasound study, the CSA of the IJV ipsilateral to TS hypoplasia was significantly smaller. Further, a contralateral/ipsilateral IJV CSA ratio >1.55 provided good sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for discriminating TS hypoplasia.
Effects of exposure to static magnetic field on motor skills and iron levels in plasma and brain of rats

Primary objective: The present work investigated the behavioural and biochemistry effects of moderate exposure to a static magnetic field (SMF) in rats. SMF effects were evaluated in sham- and SMF-exposed rats. Methods: Adult Wistar rats were exposed for 1 hour per day for 5 consecutive days to 128 millitesla (mT) SMF. Then, their motor skills were tested using a Stationary beam and Suspended string test. Iron level in plasma and brain (i.e. frontal cortex, basal ganglia, hippocampus and cerebellum) was measured. Results: No significant change was observed between sham and SMF-exposed rats in the Stationary beam and Suspended string test. However, the same treatment induced an increase in plasma transferrin content (+25.4%) and decreased the iron level in plasma (−16.2%). The SMF treatment failed to alter the iron concentration in the brain. Conclusion: The findings indicate that SMF exposure induced iron deficiency in plasma but did not induce motor-skills deficit.
Growth by Auxin: When a Weed Needs Acid

In his Perspective, Grebe discusses how a plant proton pump residing in intracellular compartments, rather than in the plasma membrane of the cell surface, regulates growth and development. The pump modulates the expression at the plasma membrane of both a transporter for the hormone auxin and another proton pump. These findings open new views on how plants regulate cell wall acidity and hormone transport during development.
Are antidepressants associated with new-onset suicidality in bipolar disorder? A prospective study of participants in the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP-BD).

OBJECTIVE Depressive episodes are common in bipolar disorder, and the disorder is characterized by high suicide rates. Recent analyses indicate a possible association of antidepressant treatment and suicidality in children and adults with depressive or anxiety disorders. However, few data are available to inform the suicidality risk assessment of antidepressant use specifically in bipolar disorder. METHOD Of the first 2000 participants followed for 18 months in the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP-BD), 425 experienced a prospectively observed, new-onset major depressive episode without initial suicidal ideation. Standardized ratings of suicidality and antidepressant exposure at index depressive episode and next evaluation were used to investigate the primary hypothesis that new-onset suicidality was associated with increased antidepressant exposure (antidepressant initiation or dose increase). Secondary analysis investigated correlates of new-onset suicidality and antidepressant exposure. Data were collected from November 8, 1999, to April 24, 2002. RESULTS Twenty-four participants (5.6%) developed new-onset suicidality at follow-up, including 2 suicide attempts. There was no association of new-onset suicidality with increased antidepressant exposure or any change in antidepressant exposure, and no association with initiation of antidepressant treatment. New-onset suicidality was associated with neuroticism, prior attempt, and higher depressive or manic symptom ratings at index episode. Increased antidepressant exposure was negatively associated with higher manic symptom rating at index episode; control for this sole empirically identified confound did not alter the primary results. CONCLUSIONS Although careful monitoring for suicidality is always warranted in bipolar disorder, this cohort study provides no evidence that increased antidepressant exposure is associated with new-onset suicidality in this already high-risk population. Correlates of both suicidality and antidepressant exposure indicate directions for further research.
Improvement of nursing students' learning outcomes through scenario-based skills training

Abstract Objective: this study analyzed the influence of scenario-based skills training on students' learning skills. Method: the author evaluated the nursing skills laboratory exam papers of 605 sophomores in nursing programs for seven years. The study determined the common mistakes of students and the laboratory work was designed in a scenario-based format. The effectiveness of this method was evaluated by assessing the number of errors the students committed and their achievement scores in laboratory examinations. This study presents the students' common mistakes in intramuscular and subcutaneous injection and their development of intravenous access skills, included in the nursing skills laboratory examination. Results: an analysis of the students' most common mistakes revealed that the most common was not following the principles of asepsis for all three skills (intramuscular, subcutaneous injection, intravenous access) in the first year of the scenario-based training. The students' exam achievement scores increased gradually, except in the fall semester of the academic year 2009-2010. The study found that the scenario-based skills training reduced students' common mistakes in examinations and enhanced their performance on exams. Conclusion: this method received a positive response from both students and instructors. The scenario-based training is available for use in addition to other skills training methods.
Co-Expression of Adrenomedullin and Adrenomedullin Receptors in Rat Epididymis: Distinct Physiological Actions on Anion Transport1

Abstract Adrenomedullin (AM) has been found in the brain as well as in various peripheral tissues, including reproductive organs such as the testis and the prostate. Here, we report the expression of AM in the rat epididymis and its role in anion secretion. Whole-epididymal extracts had 35.3 ± 1.4 fmol of immunoreactive AM per mg of protein, and immunocytochemical studies showed positive AM immunostaining in the epithelial cells. By solution-hybridization-RNase protection assay, preproAM mRNA was detected at high levels in the epididymis. Gel filtration chromatography of AM showed two peaks, with the predominant one eluting at the position of authentic rat AM (1–50). Specific binding of AM to the epididymis, which could be displaced by calcitonin gene-related peptide, was observed. The epididymis also bound to calcitonin gene-related peptide, and this was displaceable by AM. Furthermore, the epididymis was shown to co-express mRNA encoding the calcitonin receptor-like receptor and receptor activity-modifying proteins, RAMP1/RAMP2. The corpus region had the highest AM level and gene expression and the lowest active peptide:precursor ratio. However, mRNA levels of the receptor and the receptor activity-modifying proteins were similar in all regions. In monolayer cultures derived from the rat epididymal cells, AM stimulated short-circuit current on the luminal side in a dose-dependent manner. Our results demonstrate the presence of AM, preproAM mRNA, AM receptors, and specific-binding sites in the rat epididymis as well as the possible role of AM in the regulation of electrolyte and fluid secretion in the epididymis.
Effects of probiotics feeding on meat quality of chicken breast during postmortem storage.

This study evaluated the effects of dietary probiotic supplement and postmortem storage on meat quality of chicken breast during retail display. A total of 35 birds were randomly obtained from 3 feeding groups (control without probiotic supplement, 250 ppm Sporulin, and 500 ppm PoultryStar). The probiotic supplement had no influence on feed conversion ratio and body weight gain, as well as body weight at 29 and 44 d (P > 0.05). After slaughter, each side of the breast muscles (M. Pectoralis major) was assigned to either one d or 5 d of postmortem storage. Probiotic supplement had no influence on the rate of pH decline of chicken breast muscles during the initial 6 h postmortem (P > 0.05). No interactions between probiotic supplement and postmortem storage on meat quality were found (P > 0.05). Postmortem storage decreased drip loss from 25.30 to 18.05% (P < 0.05). Probiotics-fed chicken groups, particularly PoultryStar treatment, had a higher myofibrillar fragmentation index than the control group (P < 0.05). However, shear force values were not affected by the probiotic treatments. Decreases in color and lipid stabilities of breast muscles were found during display (P < 0.05), but were not affected by the probiotic supplement (P > 0.05). Our result suggests that probiotic supplement had no adverse impacts on proteolysis and oxidative changes during 5 d postmortem display storage.
Development of Resistance to Nymphs of Amblyomma cajennense Ticks (Acari:Ixodidae) in Dogs

Abstract: Ticks have long been regarded as constraints to humans and domestic animals, but hosts often develop resistance to ticks after repeated infestations. The purpose of this investigation was to study the possible acquisition of immunity in domestic dogs to nymphs of A. cajennense by determining the tick alimentary performance after successive controlled infestations. Mean engorged weight of nymphs was not significantly different among the three infestations; molting rate from nymph to adult ticks, and the percentage of nymph recovery were also very close in all infestations. These results are similar to those obtained in studies of the dog‐adult Rhipicephalus sanguineus interface. It is concluded that domestic dogs do not develop resistance against nymphs of A. cajennense ticks.
To determine the effect of metoclopramide on gastric emptying in severe head injuries: A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial

To determine the effect of 8-hourly administration of 10mg intravenous metoclopramide, over a 48-h period on gastric emptying in severe head injury (SHI), 22 patients were prospectively randomized (Glasgow Coma Score of 3–8) to receive 2 ml of intravenous metoclopramide or 2 ml of 5% saline 8-hourly for 48 h. Baseline and serial blood paracetamol absorption assays were performed at time (t) = 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min on day 0 and day 2. The area under the curve between the day 0 and day 2 was used to measure the degree of gastric emptying. In SHI, sequential doses of metoclopramide did not appear to improve gastric motility within subject comparisons (p = 0.65) and between subject comparisons (placebo p = 0.4 and drug p = 0.12). Metoclopramide has no significant prokinetic effect on gastric emptying in SHI patients when given in the early postinjury period.