Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Económico Industrial Penetration and Internet Intensity

This paper investigates the effect of industrial penetration and internet intensity for Taiwan manufacturing firms, and analyses whether the relationships are substitutes or complements. The sample observations are based on 153,081 manufacturing plants, and covers 26 two-digit industry categories and 358 geographical townships in Taiwan. The Heckman selection model is used to accommodate sample selectivity for unobservable data for firms that use the internet. The empirical results from two-stage estimation show that: (1) a higher degree of industrial penetration will not affect the probability that firms will use the internet, but will affect the total expenditure on internet intensity; (2) for two-digit industries, industrial penetration generally decreases the total expenditure on internet intensity; and (3) industrial penetration and internet intensity are substitutes.
A Panel Data Investigation of the Relationship between Graduate Job Search and Employment Outcomes.

The transition from study to work is an important one. The jobs that graduates secure after completing their studies may very well shape the trajectory of their future careers, so an understanding of how job search influences employment outcomes has significant implications for theory and higher education practice. This paper specifically examines the monetary outcomes associated with different job search methods in the context of the Australian graduate labour market, based on a rich panel data sample of bachelor degree graduates from the 2011 Beyond Graduation Survey. The use of panel data allows us to control for the effect of unobserved individual fixed effects, which might otherwise confound our wage estimates. Five broad types of job search method are investigated: advertisements, universitybased methods, networking, direct employer contact, and other methods not specifically addressed on the survey. We conclude by discussing the implications of our results and methodology for practice. Correspondence to: David Carroll, Graduate Careers Australia, Victoria. E-mail: david.carroll@graduatecareers.edu. au
Statistical Approach to Oils Extraction from Sorrel Seed (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and Its Quality Characterization

This work focused on optimization of oil extraction from Sorrel oilseeds using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Based on Box-Behnken design, 17 experimental runs were conducted to investigate the effects of extraction time, solvent volume and sample weight, and their reciprocal interactions on the oil yield. A quadratic polynomial was obtained to predict the oil yield and the ANOVA test showed the model to be significant (p < 0.05). A statistical model predicted the maximum seed oil yield to be 18.25% at the optimal condition of sample weight, 22 g, solvent volume, 157 ml and time, 2 h. The optimized condition was validated with the actual oil yield of 17.85%, which was well within the range predicted. The fatty acid profile of the oil revealed is highly unsaturated (74.45%) with linoleic acid the highest (44.39%). The physicochemical analysis of oil suggested the oil could have important food and industrial applications.
Construction and Application of SACMEQ School Resources : Portray of School Systems Based on the Rasch Scaling Technique

A School Resources Index (SRI) was constructed using the Rasch scaling technique. Data were from the pooled school resource items that were collected from pupils, teachers, and school heads derived from two sub-regional studies undertaken by Southern and Eastern Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SACMEQ) in 1995 and 2000. Capitalizing on the possibility to link more items, the new scale provided a stronger positive correlation between the school resources and the pupils’ achievement compared to using the initial variable containing the summation of school resource possessions. This SACMEQ SRI provided a reliable and valid instrument to compare the resource level among different school systems with varied levels of economic development. It also provided a meaningful tool to examine the changes in the school resources between two different time points. From the SACMEQ SRI, the hierarchical resource “profiles” were also established. The profiles could be used as a guideline of standard to identify more critical and relevant resource items at each progress level, for better budgetary planning, resource allocation, priority setting, and benchmarking.
What determines the location of equity trading? Evidence from stocks cross-listed in various markets

We analyse the distribution of foreign trading volume of European stocks cross-listed on various stock exchanges and examine the factors that affect the distribution. We focus on the role of two sets of determinants: the stock exchange characteristics and the stock-specific factors. We find that a stock exchange’s ability to attract order flow of foreign equity is positively associated with its organizational efficiency, market liquidity, the regulations pertinent to the quality of investor protection and insider trading. Regulated stock exchanges are found to be more successful in attracting order flow of foreign stocks than non-regulated markets, such as OTC and alternative markets and trading platforms. Among the stock-level factors, the share of trading on a foreign exchange is higher for companies that are smaller, riskier and have low return correlation with the host market returns. It is also evident that the share of foreign trading volume of stock is higher when the currencies of host and home markets are the same and the share increases with the duration of a listing.
The Uneven Landscape of Innovation Poles Local Embeddedness and Global Networks

The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of public policy in promoting interorganisational knowledge links in the biotechnology sector. Despite the significance of such interactions and the policy efforts devoted to them, there is a limited understanding of how different initiatives from various policy levels contribute to the formation of specific knowledge linkages within the biotechnology industry. The paper identifies four main types of knowledge exchange, including market relations, spillovers, formal co-operations and informal networking. Drawing on evidence from the Vienna biotechnology cluster we intend to show how national and regional policy programmes and government actions function as mechanisms to stimulate the establishment of such interactions.
Characterization of Oil Yield and Quality in Shatter-Resistant Dwarf Sesame Produced in Virginia, USA

Sesame has potential as an alternative crop for former tobacco farmers in eastern USA to increase agricultural diversification and enhance farm incomes. Oil yield and quality of five shatter-resistant and dwarf sesame cultivars when grown using rows 37.5 cm or 75 cm apart were evaluated. Sesame was planted on 23 May and 8 Jun. (PT1) during 2011 and on 17 and 9 Jul. (PT2) during 2012. Early planting (Late May to early June) resulted in 716.6 kg oil/ha as compared to 479.6 kg oil/ha from late planting (early June to mid-July). The closer row spacing of 37.5 cm out-yielded the wider row spacing of 75 cm by about 34% for oil yield. Early planting increased the contents of C16:0, C20:0, C18:1, and C20:1 fatty acids whereas late planting increased the contents of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids. Contents of total saturated fatty acids and mono-unsaturated fatty acids were also greater after early planting as compared to those after late plantings. Closer row spacing of 37.5 cm resulted in significantly higher contents of C20:1 and saturated fatty acids in the oil as compared to the wider row spacing of 75 cm. Sesame seed produced in Virginia contained 6.8% more oil than that produced in Texas (45. 5 vs. 42.6%, respectively). The results indicated that sesame could be produced in the mid-Atlantic region of USA.
Teaching Economic Thought: Landscapes After Battles

Van Bavel and Gaskell’s (2004) analysis of laypeople’s and economics experts’ discourse in Chile is complemented by a look at expert-talk-based colonization of the social realities of Russia. It is demonstrated that resistance by laypeople to the acceptance of expert discourses is a buffering mechanism in a society to balance the import of deductively derived economic models from other countries. A dialogical approach is suggested for making sense of economic processes in any society.
Association of stomatal conductance and root distribution with water use efficiency of peanut under different soil water regimes.

Drought is a major abiotic stress limiting crop productivity worldwide especially in rain-fed areas. Plant physiologists and crop breeders have aimed to better understand the mechanisms underlying drought resistance to increase the success in breeding for drought resistant crops. The objectives of this study were to (i) determine the effects of different soil water availability on stomatal behavior and water use efficiency (WUE) of diverse peanut genotypes and ii) to investigate associations between surrogate physiological traits for drought tolerance. Eleven peanut genotypes and three soil moisture levels (field capacity, 2/3 available water and 1/3 available water) were assigned in a split plot design with four replications for two experiments. WUE, stomatal traits and root distribution (indicated by root length density, RLD, in the soil layers at 0-40 cm and 40-100 cm depths) were measured at 37, 67 and 97 days after sowing (DAS). Drought reduced stomatal aperture and stomatal conductance but increased WUE. Differential responses among peanut genotypes were observed for WUE, and stomatal conductance. ICGV 98300 and Tifton 8 had high stomatal conductance and WUE under moderate water stress. Stomatal conductance and %RLD (40-100cm) play an important roles in increasing WUE under mild drought stress.
Bond Strength of a Self-curing Resin with Barbituric Acid Derivatives to a Few Kinds of Denture Base Resin in Denture Repair.

A secure bond between self-curing resin and denture base resin is necessary for clinical success in denture repair. This study was conducted to evaluate the bond strengths of a new self-curing resin with barbituric acid derivatives to pour-type denture base resin, heat-cured resin and microwave-cured resin and investigate the effect of surface treatment. The repair surfaces of test specimens were treated in various manners before self-curing resin was applied to the joint. A three-point loading test was carried out to determine the transverse strength of specimens, and the surfaces of the three kinds of denture base resin after surface treatment were observed with a scanning electron microscope.The results were as follows:1. The surface treatment with dichloromethane following alumina air abrasive was the most effective on the three kinds of denture base resin.2. The bond strength of a new self-curing resin with barbituric acid derivatives was weaker than that of conventional self-curing resin to denture base resins without any surface treatment.3. The effects of any surface treatment with a new self-curing resin with barbituric acid derivatives were inferior to those with conventional resin.
Motivated Selective Attention During Political Ad Processing: The Dynamic Interplay Between Emotional Ad Content and Candidate Evaluation

This study examines the dynamic, real-time interplay between the emotional content of political television ads and individuals’ political attitudes during ad processing based upon the Dynamic Motivational Activation (DMA) theoretical framework. Time-series cross-sectional models were developed to test the effects of three motivational inputs of emotional ads (arousing content, positivity, and negativity) and viewers’ evaluation of the featured candidates on four psychophysiological responses (heart rate, skin conductance level, corrugator electromyography, and zygomatic electromyography). As predicted by the DMA, physiological responses during ad viewing were affected by their own firstand second-order dynamic system feedback effects. These results not only support the predicted dynamic nature of the physiological system but also help disentangle message effects from the moderating and accumulating effects of the physiological system itself. Also as predicted, message motivational inputs interacted with viewers’ political attitudes to determine psychophysiological responses to the ads. Supporters of opposing political candidates showed cardiac-somatic response patterns indicative of disparate attention to the advertised information. Attentional selectivity can be a critical component in determining how information processing influences campaign message reception and effects. Article 120 Communication Research 41(1)
Squirt flow due to interfacial water films in hydrate bearing sediments

Abstract. Sediments containing gas hydrate dispersed in the pore space are known to show a characteristic seismic anomaly which is a high attenuation along with increasing seismic velocities. Currently, this observation cannot be fully explained albeit squirt-flow type mechanisms on the microscale have been speculated to be the cause. Recent major findings from in situ experiments, using the gas in excess and water in excess formation method, and coupled with high-resolution synchrotron-based X-ray micro-tomography, have revealed the systematic presence of thin water films between the quartz grains and the encrusting hydrate. The data obtained from these experiments underwent an image processing procedure to quantify the thicknesses and geometries of the aforementioned interfacial water films. Overall, the water films vary from sub-micrometer to a few micrometers in thickness. In addition, some of the water films interconnect through water bridges. This geometrical analysis is used to propose a new conceptual squirt flow model for hydrate bearing sediments. A series of numerical simulations is performed considering variations of the proposed model to study seismic attenuation caused by such thin water films. Our results support previous speculation that squirt flow can explain high attenuation at seismic frequencies in hydrate bearing sediments, but based on a conceptual squirt flow model which is geometrically different than those previously considered.
Phylogenetic Relationship of Indonesian Water Yam (Dioscorea alata L.) Cultivars Based on DNA Marker Using ITS-rDNA Analysis

Research on genetic diversity and intra-species classification of Indonesian Dioscorea alata L. based on morphological characters has been done, and the result shows that there are 4 sub-groups of green cultivars group, and 5 sub-groups of purplish-red cultivars group. The objectives of this study are to determine the phylogenetic relationship cultivars of D. alata Indonesia compared to D. bulbifera as nearest species as well as 3 cultivars from GenBank. The young leaves of 18 water yam cultivar accessions were collected from Java, Madura, South Sumatera, South Kalimantan, Centre Celebes (Sulawesi), Ternate, West Papua, and Nusa Tenggara islands of Indonesia. DNA Isolation was conducted using Phytopure reagent. DNA amplification was conducted using thermocycler, predenaturation at 95 o C 5 minutes, denaturation at 95 o C 1 minutes, annealing at 60 o C 3 minutes, and elongation at 72 o C 2 minutes along with 30 cycles. The PCR products were electrophoresed in 1.5% agarose and visualized under UV transiluminator. Fifty-five µl of PCR products with positive targeted band between 700-800 bp were sent to 1 st Base Singapore for purification and sequencing of 18S, ITS-1, 5.8S, ITS-2, and 28S rDNA. The DNA sequences were compared and aligned by BioEdit program (version 7.0.5.2) and MEGA programs. Comparison of entire sequences of the tested samples were aligned by software ClustalW (version 1.83). Phylogenetic trees were based on hierarchical clustering of the alignments of 18S, ITS-1, 5.8S, ITS-2, and 28S rDNA and produced by Neigbor-Joining using MEGA 5 software of the bootstrap values (1000 replicates). The study result shows that D. alata cultivars have high genetic variability on ITS-1, 5.8S, and ITS-2 rDNA region. Groups of green and purplish red cultivars formed based on morphological characters are not formed based on ITS-rDNA markers. Sub-groups were formed based on ITS-rDNA molecular markers derived from both the green and purplish-red cultivar groups. This result revealed that two cultivar groups are not similar with RAPD and morphological characters.
An optical and H i study of the dwarf Local Group galaxy VV124 = UGC4879. A gas-poor dwarf with a stellar disk?

We present a detailed study of the dwarf galaxy VV124 (UGC4879), recently recognized as a remarkably isolated member of the Local Group. We have obtained deep (r ≃ 26.5) wide-field (23' × 23') g,r photometry of individual stars with the LBC camera at the Large Binocular Telescope under sub-arcsec seeing conditions. The color-magnitude diagram suggests that the stellar content of the galaxy is dominated by an old, metal-poor population, with a significant metallicity spread. A very clean detection of the RGB tip allows us to derive an accurate distance of D = 1.3 ± 0.1 Mpc. Combining surface photometry with star counts, we are able to trace the surface brightness profile of VV124 out to ~5' ≃ 1.9 kpc radius (where μr ≃ 30 mag/arcsec2), showing that it is much more extended than previously believed. Moreover, the surface density map reveals the presence of two symmetric flattened wings emanating from the central elongated spheroid and aligned with its major axis, resembling a stellar disk seen nearly edge-on. We also present H i observations obtained with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT), the first ever of this object. A total amount of ≃ 106 M⊙ of H i gas is detected in VV124. Compared to the total luminosity, this gives a value of MHI/LV = 0.11, which is particularly low for isolated Local Group dwarfs. The spatial distribution of the gas does not correlate with the observed stellar wings. The systemic velocity of the H i in the region superposed to the stellar main body of the galaxy is Vh = -25 km s-1. The velocity field shows substructures typical of galaxies of this size but no sign of rotation. The H i spectra indicates the presence of a two-phase interstellar medium, again typical of many dwarf galaxies.
A joint global carbon inversion system using both CO 2 and 13 CO 2 atmospheric concentration data

Abstract. Observations of 13CO2 at 73 sites compiled in the GLOBALVIEW database are used for an additional constraint in a global atmospheric inversion of the surface CO2 flux using CO2 observations at 210 sites (62 collocated with 13CO2 sites) for the 2002–2004 period for 39 land regions and 11 ocean regions. This constraint is implemented using prior CO2 fluxes estimated with a terrestrial ecosystem model and an ocean model. These models simulate 13CO2 discrimination rates of terrestrial photosynthesis and ocean–atmosphere diffusion processes. In both models, the 13CO2 disequilibrium between fluxes to and from the atmosphere is considered due to the historical change in atmospheric 13CO2 concentration. This joint inversion system using both13CO2 and CO2 observations is effectively a double deconvolution system with consideration of the spatial variations of isotopic discrimination and disequilibrium. Compared to the CO2-only inversion, this 13CO2 constraint on the inversion considerably reduces the total land carbon sink from 3.40 ± 0.84 to 2.53 ± 0.93 Pg C year−1 but increases the total oceanic carbon sink from 1.48 ± 0.40 to 2.36 ± 0.49 Pg C year−1. This constraint also changes the spatial distribution of the carbon sink. The largest sink increase occurs in the Amazon, while the largest source increases are in southern Africa, and Asia, where CO2 data are sparse. Through a case study, in which the spatial distribution of the annual 13CO2 discrimination rate over land is ignored by treating it as a constant at the global average of −14. 1 ‰, the spatial distribution of the inverted CO2 flux over land was found to be significantly modified (up to 15 % for some regions). The uncertainties in our disequilibrium flux estimation are 8.0 and 12.7 Pg C year−1 ‰ for land and ocean, respectively. These uncertainties induced the unpredictability of 0.47 and 0.54 Pg C year−1 in the inverted CO2 fluxes for land and ocean, respectively. Our joint inversion system is therefore useful for improving the partitioning between ocean and land sinks and the spatial distribution of the inverted carbon flux.
Effects of different salt sources and concentrations on germination and seedling growth of some pumpkin seeds varieties used as rootstock

Effects of different salt sources (CaCl2, NaCl, and KCl) and concentrations (0, "control", 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS m -1 ) on seed germination and seedling growth of Ferro, Obez, RS 841 and Strong Tosa F1 pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) varieties used as rootstock were investigated in the laboratory located at Akdeniz University in 2008. The results revealed that germination rate, root length, shoot length, fresh root weight, dry root weight, fresh shoot weight and dry shoot weights tend to decrease when the EC of solution is higher than 5 dS m -1 , independent of salt sources and in all varieties. Three days after seeding, a germination ratio of 5% was obtained from RS 841 varieties in all salt source and concentrations, while a germination ratio over 50 % was obtained in Strong Tosa variety for the similar conditions except CaCl2 salt source. Nevertheless, seeds germinated in medium having high concentrations of CaCl2 had lower germination rate and poor seedling growth, compared to media having the similar concentrations of NaCl and KCl. Overall, all varieties were more sensitive to concentrations prepared using CaCl2 than KCl and NaCl.
Schoolchildren and One of the Most Unpopular Animals: Are They Ready to Protect Snakes?

ABSTRACT For cultural reasons and due to the narrow vision of environmental policy makers, most conservation efforts focus on a few charismatic species and consequently neglect the majority of others under threat; many unpopular species are even killed in large numbers with little concern. Redressing this bias through educational programs is therefore important. Snakes are unpopular animals; they suffer from human harassment in most places and many populations have declined worldwide. Consequently, they provide suitable substrate to better improve conservation education in schoolchildren. Responses to a questionnaire administered to 2,570 schoolchildren (7–14 years old) from 10 countries showed that many children liked snakes and that most of the students wanted to see snakes protected. Such counterintuitive results were supported by the explanations given by the children, notably the reasons they liked or disliked snakes. Previous physical contact with snakes was often associated with snake likeability. We also found strong and expected differences between countries: for instance, where venomous snakes represented a health risk, most children declared to be afraid of snakes. Overall, our results negate the simplistic, and previously unverified, adult view that snakes are necessarily perceived as frightening animals, thereby justifying their persecution. This study provides an encouraging message, suggesting that it is not compulsory to focus on charismatic animals to convince children to protect wildlife.