Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance, Antimicrobial Effect and Carcass Parameters of Finisher Broilers Given Xylopia aethiopica Dried Fruits (Grains of Selim) as Additive

Abstract The effect of graded levels of grains of selim on the performance, gut microbial population and carcass characteristics of finisher broilers was investigated. Two hundred and four (204) 28 days old broiler chicks (Marshal breed) were randomly allotted to four treatments with each treatment having three replicates of 17 chicks each in a completely randomized design. Finely blended grains of selim was administered through drinking water on treatments 2, 3 and 4 at concentrations of 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 g per litre while chicks on treatment 1 (control) received 1.0 g per 1.5 litre of antibiotics (Gendox). Chicks were fed ad libitum with isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets containing 20% crude protein and 3000 Kcal/kg metabolisable energy for four weeks. Results showed no significant (P > 0.05) differences among treatments in the final body weight, total weight gain, daily weight gain, total feed intake, daily feed intake and feed:gain ratio. There were differences in the microbial population of the gastro-intestinal tract with colony count decreasing as the concentration of grains of selim increases. Carcass characteristics and organ weights were similar (P > 0.05) except for thigh and spleen weights, and large intestine lengths where differences (P < 0.05) exist. Mortality ranged from 8.47% - 13.47% across treatments. The results indicated that grains of selim have antimicrobial and anthelminthic properties, and promote growth in broiler chickens
Childhood Dysentery In Ilesa, Nigeria: The Unusual Role Of Entamoeba Histolytica

Background: Shigella species are the usual aetiologies of dysentery in the developing world while Entamoeba histolytica is regarded as uncommon in young children. Objective: To determine the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica in childhood dysentery in Ilesa, Nigeria. Method: A cross-sectional survey of consecutive under-five children with bloody diarrhoeic stools. Fresh stool specimens were examined microscopically and also cultured on Desoxycholate Citrate Agar (DCA) and MacConkey Agar. Results: A total of 300 under-five children with diarrhoea were recruited out of which 41 had dysentery giving a prevalence of 13.7%. Trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica were identified in 33 (80.5%) cases while Trichuris trichiuria and Shigella species were isolated in 1 (2.4%) and 4 (9.8%) cases respectively. No pathogens were identified in 2 (4.9%) cases. Conclusion: Entamoeba histolytica is a prominent aetiology of childhood dysentery in Ilesa, Nigeria.
Size-related changes in predatory behaviour of naticid gastropods from the Middle Miocene

The analysis of shell-drilling predation by naticid gastropods on molluscs from the Korytnica Clays (Middle Miocene, Holy Cross Mountains, Central Poland) has focused on the bivalve Corbula gibba and gastropods Natica tigrina and Hinia restitutiana. The results indicate that predatory behaviour of naticids varies depending on the size of the predator. When drilling corbulids, large naticids displayed higher site-selectivity than smaller naticids. Also, large naticids drilled energetically attractive prey (Hinia restitutiana and Natica tigrina) more frequently than small naticids. Preferential drilling displayed by large naticids from the Korytnica Clays increases the net energy gain for the predator and in result allows it to drill more effectively.
A Revisited Study On Phylogeography And Phylogenetic Diversity Of Myricaria (Tamaricaceae)

As the first part of the present study, the ancestral distribution origin of Myricaria at a Eurasian perspective, a genus of Tamaricaceae, was re-evaluated by comparing three different methods, including Statistical Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis (S-DIVA), Dispersal-Extinction-Cladogenesis Analysis (DEC) and Bayesian Binary MCMC Analysis (BBM). In addition, Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity (PAE) was adopted to identify areas of endemism and test whether the endemic areas could be congruent to the origin of distribution. My results showed that two of the three ancestral distribution methods consistently identified East Asia as the historical origin of distribution, which was in line with a previous study using the distributional information of Myricaria in China only based on classical dispersal-vicariance method. PAE further supported such an observation, indicating that PAE could be an option for identifying origin of distribution. Further, it was found that the emigration of Myricaria from East Asia to the rest of Eurasian regions only occurred when the drastic uplifting of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau emerged. As another part of the study, I quantified the phylogenetic diversity patterns of Myricaria species using six phylogenetic diversity metrics, for the purpose of identifying the highest-priority species for conservation. For those species endemic to the origin of distribution, it was found that two species were assigned the highest conservation values under the phylogenetic framework, M. laxiflora and M. elegans var. tsetangensis.
Ultracold atoms in superlattices as quantum simulators for a spin ordering model and phenomena

Cold atoms in optical lattices is the application of two formerly distinct aspects of physics: quantum gases from atomic physics and laser theory from quantum optics. Its use to simulate quantum phenomena and models in condensed matter physics is a growing field. The major goal is to use cold fermonic atoms in these superlattices for the simulations. We present here a theoretical proposal for simulating a spin ordering model using fermions. We demonstrate superexchange interaction in the double well and resonating valence bond (RVB) states in kagome lattice which is important for understanding the CuO2 plane of the superconducting cuprates and other magnetic frustrated materials.
Investigating Factors that Affecting Citrus Waste Production in Mazandaran Province, Iran

Agricultural waste management is one of the important issues that agricultural producers should consider to increase their income and environmental protection. Therefore, the investigation of factors that reduce the rate of agricultural production wastage as well as citrus production wastage is of utmost consequence in order to manage wastes, reduce environmental degradation and ecosystem destruction, and increase food security and economic growth. Inspired by this assumption, the aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting citrus waste production in Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran (N= 7867). A stratified random sampling method was employed to collect data from 165 farmers. The main tool to collect data was a self-designed questionnaire whose content validity was approved by a panel of experts and an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and its reliability was confirmed by calculating a Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α ≥ 0.7). The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that socioeconomic and technical factors altogether accounted for 60.257% of variances in citrus production wastage
Carum copticum L. essential oils as natural antimicrobial and antioxidant

Carum copticum L. comprises several relevant species for food, cosmetic, perfumery and pharmaceutical industries. GC/MS analysis of the enential oil of C. copticum revealed γ- terpinene as a major component of C. copticum, with its contribution of 33.85%. Essential oils (EOs) exhibited a significant antimicrobial activity against all tested microbial strains. In addition, the C. copticum oil demonstrated the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity. These results clearly show the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of the plant essential oil.
Uniform Eigenvalue Estimates for Time‐Frequency Localization Operators

Time‐variant filters based on Calderón and Gabor reproducing formulas are important tools in time‐frequency analysis. The paper studies the behavior of the eigenvalues of these filters. Optimal two‐sided estimates of the number of eigenvalues contained in the interval (δ1,δ2), where 0
Assessment of the Role of Men in Family Planning Utilization at Edaga-Hamuse Town, Tigray, North Ethiopia

Back Ground: Family planning is a key for slowing unsustainable population growth and the resulting negative impacts on the economy, environment, and national and regional development efforts. Men are also recognized to be responsible for the large proportion of ill reproductive health Suffered by their female partners. In addition; male involvement helps not only in accepting a contraceptive but also in its effective use and continuation. But men involvement in family planning at the study setting is rarely known. Objectives: To assess male involvement in Family planning utilization at Edaga-Hamuse town, Tigray, North Ethiopia. Methods: A Community based analytical cross-sectional study design was conducted, from August 27, 2014 up to September, 15, 2014. Population of married couples in selected households available during the study period was included in the study. The data was collected using pre-tested self-administered questionnaires. The findings of the study was summarized and presented using tables, descriptive measures and statistical diagrams. The data editing and clearance was done on the same software. Finally, the data was taken to SPSS version 16.0 for the final analysis. And P-value was used. Result: More than 99% of the subjects have heard about modern family planning methods/current contraceptive use. The most commonly mentioned 114(38.8%) of modern family planning methods was pills and followed by 91(30.9%) was inject able. The rate of current contraceptive use is significantly higher for those women with between 3-4 births or having between 1-3 live children (34.3%; n=101) and (25.5%; n=75) respectively. Of the participants 78(26.5%) were used Pills by need of 3-4 children ever born. The result shows that the more than half of the subjects (60.7%; n=176) did get married between 21-28 years old. The result shows that the more than half of the subjects (59%; n=170) had experienced in pregnancy terminated with Abortion (By asking Husband’s experience of their wife). Conclusion and recommendation: of the subjects had never been involved themselves in FP with their wife and this may be attributed to negative perceptions recorded among them. More research with larger groups is needed to generalize this result. The majority of the subjects had never been involved themselves in FP with their wife and this may be attributed to negative perceptions recorded among them.
Usefulness of Biometrics to Analyse Some Ecological Features of Birds

Morphometric measurements of birds are the first data to be really considered as biometric in this discipline. Baldwin et al. (1931) depicted and explained in detail the external measurements used in ornithology. Currently, many of these measurements have been forgotten or are rarely used both in books dedicated to bird taxonomy (Cramp & Simmons, 1977) and in field guides on different geographical areas or on large bird groups such as shorebirds, raptors, passerines, etc. (Svensson, 1992; Baker, 1993). Old biometric analyses used measurements performed on birds preserved in natural history museums. An appropriate representation of specimens is generally found in these museums, both in numbers (which allows for a large sample size) and in geographic origin (which enables the establishment of comparisons between birds of different areas) (Jenni & Winkler, 1989; Winker, 1993, 1996). Body mass was another one of the data used in the initial biometric analyses. Its objective was to determine the presence of daily or seasonal variations, or variations linked to other specific periods: breeding, rearing and migration. The next step was the establishment of a link between metric differences and the sex of birds. In some species, these differences were very visible and therefore statistical analyses were not required to support the distinction between males and females as in some raptors such as the Merlin Falco columbarius (Newton, 1979; Wiklund, 1990), owls and skuas (Andersson & Norberg, 1981). Similarly, marked biometric differences between bird populations of the same species found in different geographical areas were recorded (Svensson, 1992). This resulted in the identification of subspecies when these populations were geographically isolated, not sharing potential hybridization areas. Thus, for example, 10 subspecies of the Bluethroat Luscinia svecica have been identified throughout Europe, Asia and Alaska (Collar, 2005), a further 10 subspecies of Southern grey shrike Lanius meridionalis have been identified (Lefranc & Worfolk, 1997; Klassert et al., 2007), etc. Substantial databases were created as a result of the routine collection of a minimum number of measurements when a bird was captured, this information being used for specific purposes. Possibly, the existence of these data and the ability of observation lead researchers
Merger Options and Risk Arbitrage

Option prices embed predictive content for the outcomes of pending mergers and acquisitions. This is particularly important in merger arbitrage, where deal failure is a key risk. In this paper, I propose a dynamic asset pricing model that exploits the joint information in target stock and option prices to forecast deal outcomes. By analyzing how deal announcements affect the level and higher moments of target stock prices, the model yields better forecasts than existing methods. In addition, the model accurately predicts that merger arbitrage exhibits low volatility and a large Sharpe ratio when deals are likely to succeed.
Isothermal Multi-Axial Forging Characteristics of Mg-3%Al-1%ZnAlloy for Aerospace Structural Applications

In the present study, the AZ 31B Mg alloy was isothermally upsetted by multi axial forging. Two increasing temperatures (350°C and 400°C) and working ratios (0.3 and 0.4 per direction) were selected as variables in the multi axial forging. The forging operation was performed in a 10000 kN industrial hydraulic press at a forging speed of 33.3 mm/s. The grain structure and microstructure of the forged alloy were investigated using an optical microscope. The hardness measurements were taken and correlated with the grain size of the alloy. The key findings from the present investigation are: (1) the grain refinement can be retained by decreasing the forging temperature (350°C) and the reduction ratio (0.3 per direction), (2) increasing working ratio favours the preferential grain growth resulting in bimodal size distribution of grains in the microstructure and that results in significant variation in the hardness, (3) the grain growth is severe for the case of higher temperature (400°C) and working ratio (0.4 per direction) forging condition, and (4) the forging temperature affects the grain growth larger extent than the working ratio. The mechanisms responsible for the grain refinement and abnormal grain growth are discussed in detail.
Miocene unroofing of the Canyon Range during extension along the Sevier Desert Detachment, west central Utah

Apatite fission track results from Neoproterozoic and Lower Cambrian quartzites collected from the Canyon Range in west central Utah reveal a significant early to middle Miocene cooling event (∼19–15 Ma). Preextensional temperatures estimated from multicompositional apatite fission track data suggest ∼4.5 to >5.6 km of unroofing during the early to middle Miocene, assuming a geothermal gradient of ∼25°C/km. The spatial distribution of these preextensional temperatures indicates ∼15°–20° of eastward tilting of the Canyon Range during rapid extensional unroofing along a moderately west dipping detachment fault (∼35°–40°). We interpret this fault to be the breakaway of the Sevier Desert Detachment fault (SDD), the existence of which has been contested. The new thermochronologic data presented in this study provide compelling evidence for the existence of the SDD and thus the general viability of low‐angle detachment faulting. The data directly date the onset of extensional faulting along the SDD starting at ∼19 Ma and constrain the fault slip rate in the SDD breakaway zone at 2.4–2.1 mm/yr between ∼19 and 15 Ma. An early Miocene apatite fission track age obtained from a Proterozoic clast from the Tertiary Oak City Formation confirms that these conglomerates were deposited in a synextensional basin in the hanging wall of the SDD. The timing of tectonic unroofing of the Canyon Range in response to faulting along the SDD appears to be synchronous with large‐magnitude extension along the Snake Range décollement and with early extension along the Cave Canyon detachment exposed in the Mineral Mountains, pointing to widespread east‐west extension in the eastern Great Basin in the early and middle Miocene.
What about emotion and communication ?

A recent flourishing of research is carried out jointly by psychologists and neuroscientists on management field. The new-born research field of Management Neuroscience involves a new kind of scientist and the ultimate goal of this research domain is to open the “black-box” to understand the behavioral and neural processes through which humans set communication and translate these behaviors into optimal choices. This paper aims to bring forward new results and fresh insights into this matter, taking into account both communication and the emotional components of this process. Starting by a distinction between conscious and unconscious mental processes, we see non-verbal components and their fundamental role in communicative process modulation. Finally verbal communication is treated with suggestions relevant for managers in regulating communication inside the company.
Exploring Organisational Citizenship Behaviour through the Lens of Age

This paper sheds light on the mechanisms through which age diversity climate affects employees’ positive attitudes and behaviours. Specifically, the study examines: a) the mediating role of affective commitment in the relationship between age diversity climate and organisational citizenship behaviour, and b) the moderating effect of employees’ focus on future occupational opportunities on the link between age diversity climate and affective commitment. Applying regression analyses to a sample of 326 employees from a multinational pharmaceutical company, we found that affective commitment fully mediates the relationship between perceived age diversity climate and organisational citizenship behaviour. Furthermore, the results revealed that employees’ focus on opportunities is negatively correlated with their chronological age and positively correlated with affective commitment. However, contrary to our hypothesis, employees’ focus on opportunities did not moderate the link between age diversity climate and affective commitment. The results have implications for both theory and practice, suggesting that endeavours to maintain and sustain an inclusive age diversity climate should be regarded as critical.
Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate enantiomers: quantitation and sensory evaluation in wine

Aim: To investigate chemical and sensory characteristics of ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate in wines. Methods and results: Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate has been recently identified as a potential marker of lactic acid bacteria esterase activity. Enantiomers of this fruity ester were quantitated in 99 wines from various vintages and French regions using chiral gas chromatography (γ-cyclodextrin phase). Analyses revealed the predominant presence of the R enantiomer in red and white wines, with a maximum R/S enantiomeric ratio of 94/6 in a 1993 red wine. Results also highlighted greater levels of the ester in red than white wines, depending on grape origin. The detection thresholds of the R- and S-form were estimated at 4 µg/L and 1.5 µg/L in water and 51 mg/L and 21 mg/L in red wine, respectively. Moreover, ranking tests made with levels found in wines did not show significant sensory differences. Conclusion: The concentrations found in wines were considerably below the detection threshold, indicating no direct effect of these compounds on fruity aroma modulation. The absence of significant difference in sensory tests demonstrates that ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate does not contribute significantly to the fruity aroma of red wine. Significance and impact of the study: To our knowledge, no previous research had determined the enantiomeric distribution and the sensory characteristics of this compound in wine.
Does Anti-TNF Therapy Cause A Less Significant Fall In Bone Mineral Density In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Fifty eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were assessed retrospectively to investigate whether anti-tumour necrotic factor (anti-TNF) therapy reduces bone mineral density (BMD) less significantly as assessed by dual-energy X ray absorptiometry(DXA) scan compared to those treated with conventional disease modifying drugs (DMARDs). Patients were divided into two groups: group A and B. Group A received anti-TNF therapy and group B received DMARDs. Patients who received bisphosphonate and other osteoporosis treatments such as hormonal replacement therapy were excluded. Changes in spine BMD and T-score between the baseline and the repeat DXA scan were assessed. Mean percentage change per year in spine BMD and T-score in each group were calculated. In group A, there was no significant reduction in spine BMD and T-score between baseline and repeat scan (P=0.353 and P=0.344 respectively). In group B, there was almost a significant reduction in spine BMD (P=0.058) and a significant reduction in spine T-score (P=0.013) between two scans. Although reduction of spine BMD and T score between baseline and repeat scan were more significant in group B, in terms of mean percentage change of spine BMD and T-score per year, there were no statistically significant differences (P=0.593 and P=0.185 respectively) between these groups.
SPIN or LURCH : a Comparative Assessment of Model Checking and Stochastic Search for Temporal Properties in Procedural Code

The difficulty of how to test large systems, such as the one on board a NASA robotic remote explorer (RRE) vehicle, is fundamentally a search issue: the global state space representing all possible has yet to be solved, even after many decades of work. Randomized algorithms have been known to outperform their deterministic counterparts for search problems representing a wide range of applications. In the case study presented here, the LURCH randomized algorithm proved to be adequate to the task of testing a NASA RRE vehicle. LURCH found all the errors found by an earlier analysis of a more complete method (SPIN). Our empirical results are that LURCH can scale to much larger models than standard model checkers like SMV and SPIN. Further, the LURCH analysis was simpler than the SPIN analysis. The simplicity and scalability of LURCH are two compelling reasons for experimenting further with this tool.
CONTROL OF TURBULENT STREAKS BY ACTIVE WALL MOVEMENT

Experimental results on the near-wall structures of turbulent boundary layers subject to a dynamic deformation of the wall are presented. The movement of the wall is based on computational evidence showing that a spanwise forcing in the form of a standing or travelling wave of the right amplitude, wave length and frequency can produce a significant turbulent drag reduction. This action is supposed to act on the near-wall coherent structures, whose dynamics controls the turbulence production. The control is first tested on a model of the near-wall turbulent boundary layer, streamwise vortices and streaks are produced artificially by an array of roughness elements in a Blasius boundary layer. The control in the form of a standing wave has been tested and work is in progress to appraise the effectiveness of a spanwise travelling wave. So far, it has been found that the most effective excitation wave has a period of oscillations close to 50 viscous units of time, in agreement with experimental and theoretical results on similar configurations. Future work will consider the effect of the actuation module in turbulent flows.