Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Freight Forwarders' Perceptions About Multimodal Transport

Uluslararasi ticaretin artisi, ulastirma sistemlerindeki artan gelismeler ve yuk gruplarinin hareketliligi, entegre olmus bir ulastirma agi olusturmak adina birden fazla tasimacilik modunun kullanilmasini iceren coklu tasimacilik icin bir cok firsat yaratmistir. Bununla birlikte coklu tasimacilik, karar verici konumda olan taraflarin da mod secimi alternatifleri arasinda yer almistir. Orta Dogu, Balkanlar, Kafkaslar ve Avrupa arasinda oldukca onemli bir konumda bulunan Turkiye, bu bolgeler arasinda bir aktarma noktasi olarak stratejik bir onem kazanmistir. Turkiye’de coklu tasimaciligin gelisme asamasinda, tedarik zincirinde yer alan aktorlerin giderek artan sayida alternatiflerle karsi karsiya kalmasi ve tasimacilik modu secim kriterlerinin degisiklik gostermesi kacinilmaz olarak gorulmektedir. Bu dinamik cevre kosullarinda, karar vericileri etkileyen coklu tasimaciligin is cevresine yonelik faktorlerin ve karar vericilerin coklu tasimaciliga yonelik algilarinin incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Lojistik sistemde yer alan onemli karar vericilerden olan ulastirma yuklenicileri, bu calismanin ana orneklemini olusturmaktadir. Bu calisma, anket yontemi araciligiyla Turkiye’deki ulastirma yuklenicilerinin profil ozelliklerini coklu tasimaciliga odaklanarak ortaya cikarmayi amaclamaktadir. Ayrica calisma, nakliye muteahhitlerinin coklu tasimaciligin ana ozelliklerine yonelik algilarini da ortaya koymaktadir
Leadership Development and Knowledge Sharing in MNEs

Taking as its starting point the significance of social networks for knowledge sharing in multinational enterprises (MNEs), this paper has a particular focus on the role global leadership development programs may have on both social networks and knowledge sharing in MNEs. The concept of social networks is developed using social capital theory. Our data is derived from Norfert, a Scandinavian MNE, which in 2007 introduced its first such program, «LEAD». In order to examine the impact of LEAD we deploy a mixed-methods approach. Contrary to our theoretically driven assumption the longitudinal quantitative data suggest that participation in LEAD had a no positive effect on knowledge sharing. We therefore employed qualitative data in order to explain this finding, which we did in terms of the particular cultural and organizational context in which LEAD was created.
A kinematic study of prosodic bounda in French

This study presents kinematic data for the vowel /i/ at several different prosodic boundaries in French. It follows on from previous work presented in Tabain (in press), where the vowel /a/ was shown to be highly affected by the strength of the prosodic boundary. Consistent with previous data showing minimal contextual variability in the production of /i/, our results show minimal effects of prosodic boundary strength on tongue and jaw movement for /i/. However, durational data show the same pattern as is observed for all other speech sounds. We suggest that since a very precise production of /i/ is important for correct perception of this vowel, the speaker is not free to mark the prosodic hierarchy in terms of supralaryngeal articulation in the same way as it is marked for /a/. For this reason we suggest that duration is still the primary marker of prosodic boundaries in French.
Entrepreneurship as a Driver of Economic Growth: Evidence from Enterprise Development in Nigeria

This study provides an econometric analysis of the role of entrepreneurship in economic growth in Nigeria. The study also assesses the areas where the country has developed enterprise and innovations. Findings from empirical analysis confirm the roles of entrepreneurs as good drivers of economic growth in the country. Specifically, results reveal that credit to SMEs is statistically significant in the determination of economic growth, implying that increase in entrepreneurial financing has significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria. Particularly, the increase in the operations and activities of SMEs in Nigeria remains indispensable to the pursuit of economic growth and development as a nation. However, the major hindrance inhibiting entrepreneurship as a growth driver in Nigeria include; poor infrastructural facilities, inadequate start-up process, financial management problems, lack of strategic planning and other socio-cultural problems. The study recommends building an in-country entrepreneurial capacity by incorporating requisite enterprise trainings and development progammes into the nation’s education system at all levels. Also, government, banking institutions and the organized private sector should increase financial support for entrepreneurial oriented initiatives.
The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility and Relationship Marketing on Relationship Maintainer and Customer Loyalty by Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction

CSR has become one of the imperative implements in satisfying customers. The impartial of this research is to calculate CSR, relationship marketing, and customer satisfaction. There is no more study accompanied in Pakistan to quantify the effect of CSR and relationship marketing on the relationship maintainer and customer loyalty. To find out deductive approach and survey method is used as research approach and research strategy respectively. This research design is descriptive and quantitative study. For data, collection questionnaire method with semantic differential scale and seven point scales are adopted. Data has been collected by adopting the non-probability convenience technique as sampling technique and the sample size is 400. For factor confirmatory factor analysis, structure equation modeling and medication analysis, regression analysis Amos software were used. Strong empirical evidence supports that the customer’s perception of CSR performance is highly influenced by the values
Galaxy-galaxy and galaxy-cluster lensing with the SDSS and FIRST surveys

We perform a galaxy-galaxy lensing study by correlating the shapes of $\sim$2.7 $\times$ 10$^5$ galaxies selected from the VLA FIRST radio survey with the positions of $\sim$38.5 million SDSS galaxies, $\sim$132000 BCGs and $\sim$78000 SDSS galaxies that are also detected in the VLA FIRST survey. The measurements are conducted on angular scales ${\theta}$ $\lesssim$ 1200 arcsec. On scales ${\theta}$ $\lesssim$ 200 arcsec we find that the measurements are corrupted by residual systematic effects associated with the instrumental beam of the VLA data. Using simulations we show that we can successfully apply a correction for these effects. Using the three lens samples (the SDSS DR10 sample, the BCG sample and the SDSS-FIRST matched object sample) we measure a tangential shear signal that is inconsistent with zero at the 10${\sigma}$, 3.8${\sigma}$ and 9${\sigma}$ level respectively. Fitting an NFW model to the detected signals we find that the ensemble mass profile of the BCG sample agrees with the values in the literature. However, the mass profiles of the SDSS DR10 and the SDSS-FIRST matched object samples are found to be shallower and steeper than results in the literature respectively. The best-fitting Virial masses for the SDSS DR10, BCG and SDSS-FIRST matched samples, derived using an NFW model and allowing for a varying concentration factor, are M$^{SDSS-DR10}_{200}$ = (1.2 $\pm$ 0.4) $\times$ 10$^{12}$M$_{\odot}$, M$^{BCG}_{200}$ = (1.4 $\pm$ 1.3) $\times$ 10$^{13}$M$_{\odot}$ and M$^{SDSS-FIRST}_{200}$ = 8.0 $\pm$ 4.2 $\times$ 10$^{13}$M$_{\odot}$ respectively. These results are in good agreement (within $\sim$2${\sigma}$) with values in the literature. Our findings suggest that for galaxies to be both bright in the radio and in the optical they must be embedded in very dense environment on scales R $\lesssim$ 1Mpc.
Unrevealed economic benefits from forests in Cameroon

A study was established to investigate the value of forest contributions to income portfolios of local populations living in villages near the Lobeke National Park (LNP) in Cameroon. The LNP forms a part of the Sangha Trinational Park (28000 km), a forest conservation area established by three African countries, namely Cameroon, the Central African Republic and the Republic of Congo, with the objective of protecting the native tropical rainforests with their diverse flora and fauna. Five out of the fourteen villages located within a distance of 50 km from the LNP were randomly identified with 22-23 study households in each. Incomes (in-cash and in-kind) and other socioeconomic characteristics of each household were recorded, by an enumerator, quarterly over a yearlong period. Logistic regression was used to study the relationship between forest dependency (households with over 49% of income from forests) and various socio-economic variables. The results showed that the forest-derived income totaled US$ 36347 compared to the US$ 45439 for all the other income of the investigated households combined. There were significant differences between the villages, with the higher income in larger villages predominantly due to better cash generation opportunities. The income in-kind remained similar irrespective of the village size and wealth. The dependence on forest products was also not related to individual household incomes, with wealthier households remaining dependent on forest-derived products. This could indicate that the traditional link to forests cannot be easily changed through subsidies and compensations. The value of forest-derived income was the highest, significantly higher than any other source of income including the second highest income generated by agriculture. The most important forest products were wild fruits, bushmeat and fuelwood, followed by wild vegetables, medicinal plants, woven products, honey, nuts and poles. A mean forest dependency index ranged from 0,10 to 0,82 for the sample households. The logistic regression was significant and explained 90% of the variation of the forest dependency in the study area. The level of education was the only social characteristic significant in explaining the forest dependency. International efforts to prevent deforestation and degradation of forest resources in the tropics will remain ineffective unless other means of subsistence are developed for the currently forest-dependent poor. Cultural and traditional values need to be recognized to prevent any conflicting interests.
A STAKEHOLDER-BENEFIT PERSPECTIVE OF REVERSE AUCTIONS

Procurement represents a major operation for many organizations. In the quest to improve procurement practices, some organizations have turned to implementing Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). This exploratory study investigates some of the benefits presented by Reverse Auction, a procurement tool that owes its very own existence to advancements in ICT. The framework “Reverse Auction StakeholderBenefit Grid” is proposed for understanding the numerous benefits of Reverse Auctions to the Seller and Buyer. The study aims to provide practitioners and academic researchers with suggestions as to how the Reverse Auction business model can be used to deliver benefits to sellers and buyers, creating a Win-Win situation in the cut-throat world of online Business-to-Business Electronic Commerce.
COLLABORATION BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECURITY IN KENYA

Police and private security in Kenya have been functioning in mutually exclusive manner in respect to the provision of security. It is evident there is a need to establish a formal collaborative relationship, as both have many common goals, and the private security industry provides a major protective role in Kenyan society. The study investigates the reality of collaboration between the police and the private security in Kenya. The study is framed upon the theoretical analysis of the concept of security from the perspective of collective good theory. It contends that public goods have features of being non-excludable and nonrival in consumption. They have benefits that cannot be confined to a single buyer. Once provided, many people enjoy them for free. Security is such a good. The research used qualitative approach in collecting and analyzing data. Both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data was collected by use of questionnaire and interview schedule. Primary data was collected in Nairobi which was purposely sampled for its large concentration of crime and security providers, both public and private. The data was analysed qualitatively in descriptive form. The study established that collaboration exists between the public and the private security mostly in areas of common protection of public gatherings, transport and security of money, information exchange, and private security handing over suspected criminals to the police. However, conditions for effective cooperation are not yet well developed and needed changes are still in progress. This study examines how co-operation in policing and crime prevention can be realized and made mutually beneficial to all role players within the broad framework of a public-private partnership
POST-HARVEST LOSSES AND MARKETING OF GRAPES IN PAKISTAN

This study was designed to evaluate the overtime trends in grape acreage and production at the regional and national levels; to examine the marketing practices for grapes in the mountainous areas of Balochistan, Pakistan; and to estimate the post-harvest loss at various stages of grape marketing and distribution. Quetta, Pishin and Mastung districts were purposively selected for the study. Data were obtained during November 2005 from 33 producers and 31 market intermediaries/retailers by using pre-tested questionnaires. Significant quantity of grapes produce is traded to all parts of the country mainly to Punjab and Sindh provinces. Results indicated that farmers realize a higher price in distant market sales even while incurring higher marketing costs. The aggregate postharvest losses in grapes range from 16-23%, depending on methods of marketing. Losses are mainly due to improper packing and transportation for having poor marketing infrastructure. The large shares of grape losses were borne by consumers. Majority of the producers were selling grapes to the contractors. The major constraints reported by the farmers were low price, high transportation cost and distant markets.
Analysing Grief on Twitter: A Study of Digital Expressions on Om Puri’s Death

Digital media, particularly social media, have changed the way we interact and communicate. New media technologies have expanded our connections with people on a global scale (Williams, 2007). Today we can communication with celebrities with ease. One of the ways to achieve this is through following them on social media; here one can interact with the celebrities posts and comments online (Sanderson, Cheong, 2010). This sense of attachment makes the mourning of celebrity deaths consequential in creating ‘communities for mourning’ (Gibson, 2007). It also sustains and extracts global attention. Hence, online platforms are increasingly influencing the way we grieve both in the case of personal loss and in mourning a celebrity death. Grief is the most ubiquitous painful experience. With the advent of the Internet, online expressions of grief have increased considerably. The sensation surrounding the death of celebrities has increased in the online space post 2008. Om Puri1 passed away on 6 January 2017. His unexpected death was at the centre of many discussions because of its untimely nature as well as a suspicious bruise that appeared on his head. The reports and various speculations surrounding his death were widely discussed on Twitter by news websites, blogs and other Twitter users. Through this optic, this study aims to explore the different categories of mourning messages about Om Puri’s death on Twitter and to understand if social mourning mirrors the traditional eulogy. An inductive approach of qualitative content analysis is used to analyse the tweets in response to Om Puri’s death.
Assessment of Legal Feasibility of Clinical Nursing Information System

Background and Objectives: Legal considerations are essential to implement information system successfully. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the legal feasibility of clinical nursing information system (CNIS). Methods: This research was a descriptive-cross sectional study. The instrument was developed through literature review. The psychometrics was confirmed by the CVR and CVI index based on comments of 15 experts. Reliability was approved by split method (α = 0.71). The evaluation was done on nursing administrators through a questionnaire with 5 options Likert scale and face to face interview. Scores less than 30 were considered as weak and poor, scores of 30-70 were treated as middle and relatively desirable, and scores more than 70 stood in high and desirable levels. The data was analyzed using chi-square tests, t test and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Definition and develop of low, access to information, informing and implementation and revision should be included in the legal feasibility of CNIS. The percentage of supplied needs to implement the CNIS was 60%. The average score of legal feasibility was 66.46 %. Conclusion: Appropriate and comprehensive legislation to allow the use of the previous system in case of system failure or high volume of work and the accurate determination of the level of user access is required.
Is Obesity Stigma Based on Perceptions of Appearance or Character? Theory, Evidence, and Directions for Further Study

Theoretical approaches to stigmatization have highlighted distinct psychological mechanisms underlying distinct instances of stigmatization. Some stigmas are based on inferences of substandard psychological character (e.g., individuals deemed untrustworthy), whereas others are based on perceptions of substandard physical appearance (e.g., individuals with physical deformities). These inferences and perceptions are associated with specific cognitive and motivational processes, which have implications for understanding specific instances of stigmatization. Recent theoretical approaches and empirical findings suggest that obesity stigma involves both inferences of substandard psychological character and perceptions of substandard physical appearance. We provide a review of the relevant evidence and discuss directions for future research.
Constructed Wetland System as Secondary Treatment for Stabilization Pond Domestic Effluent

Alternatives for improving sewage management to avoid degradation and unnecessary waste of hydrological resources are a worldwide concern. Wastewater treatment by the constructed wetlands process using macrophytes is considered a robust system, due to its low cost and straightforward means of operation and repair. In this study, a horizontal flow constructed wetland system performance is evaluated. The system applied cattail as secondary treatment for a stabilization pond in a sewer treatment plant. Basically, these systems are based on channels filled with highly porous media, which detains high hydraulic conductance, providing the right support for macrophyte and biofilm growth. The horizontal flow constructed wetland revealed superior capacity and stability when removing COD, BOD, phosphorous and Escherichia coli. Also, cattail macrophyte developed in medium conditions where it was inserted. The results allowed a better comprehension about the phenomena associated to constructed wetlands pollutant removal capabilities.
Are exports and imports cointegrated in India and China? An empirical analysis

This study analysis the sustainability of the trade deficits in the two giant economies of Asia, namely India and China with allowance of endogenous structural breaks. We found that trade deficit is sustainable in case of India but not in case of China. This implies that macroeconomic policies of India but not of China have been effective in leading exports and imports to long run steady state equilibrium relationship.
Absolute Thellier paleointensities from Ponta Grossa dikes (southern Brazil) and the early Cretaceous geomagnetic field strength

Se presentan los estudios de propiedades magneticas y paleointensidades por el metodo de Thellier en los diques de ~130.5 Ma de Ponta Grossa, sur de Brasil. Para este estudio se seleccionaron 29 muestras, correspondientes a siete unidades de enfriamiento, en terminos de su bajo indice de viscosidad magnetica, magnetizaciones remanentes estables y curvas termomagneticas reversibles para los analisis de paleointensidades. Diecinueve muestras mostraron curvas Arai concavas, pruebas pTRM negativas o pruebas pTRM positivas con adquisicion de TRM no correlacionado a eliminacion de NRM, por lo que fueron retiradas de los analisis subsecuentes. Determinaciones de paleointensidad de alta calidad tecnica, que cumplen con estrictos criterios, se obtuvieron para 10 muestras provenientes de 3 diques. Las paleointensidades promedio para los 3 diques varian de 25.6 ± 4.3 a 11.3 ± 2.1 μT, que corresponden a momentos dipolares virtuales VDM de 5.7 ± 0.9 a 2.5 ± 0.5 (1022 Am2). El valor medio del momento dipolar VDM es 4.1 ± 1.6 x 1022 Am2. Los valores de paleointensidades sugieren una variacion grande para los diques y el momento dipolar VDM es inferior al momento dipolar determinado para la Provincia Magmatica del Parana. Las paleointensidades determinadas en los diques Ponta Grossa concuerdan con las determinaciones en vidrios basalticos submarinos en el intervalo 130-120 Ma, lo que sugiere una intensidad del campo paleomagnetico relativamente baja en el periodo anterior al Super-Cron Normal del Cretacico.
On the Impossibility of an Exact Imperfect Monitoring Folk Theorem

It is shown that, for almost every two-player game with imperfect monitoring, the conclusions of the classical folk theorem are false. So, even though these games admit a well-known approximate folk theorem, an exact folk theorem may only be obtained for a zero measure set of games. A complete characterization of the e¢ cient equilibria of almost every such game is also given, along with an ine¢ ciency result on the imperfect monitoring prisoner’s dilemma.
Unisexual rock lizard might be outcompeting its bisexual progenitors in the Caucasus

We compared the distributions, abundances and ecological requirements of parthenogenetic lizard Darevskia ‘dahli’ and its bisexual progenitors, D. portschinskii and D. mixta, in Georgia. We developed a regression model relating the species abundances with the distribution of climates. Darevskia portschinskii lives in warmer and drier climates than D. mixta; D. ‘dahli’ has the intermediate requirements. Temperature is more important than humidity for D. portschinskii, humidity is more important for D. mixta and both temperature and humidity are important for D. ‘dahli’. Suitable habitats of all three species overlap broadly; however, the observed ranges partly overlap only for D. ‘dahli’ and D. portschinskii. The observed abundance of each species, related to its predicted abundance, is lower at the sites with potential competitors. Darevskia ‘dahli’ occupies a higher proportion of the suitable habitats and has higher abundances than the progenitor species. Competition with D. ‘dahli’ is an important factor determining current distribution pattern of D. portschinskii and D. mixta. The parthenogen is a stronger competitor than the bisexual breeders and potential advantages of the bisexual reproduction remain unrealized in the given temporal and spatial scale. To explain domination of bisexually breeding lizards on the global scale, considering climate changes in geological timescale is necessary. © 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 101, 447–460.