Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is Physical Performance a Differentiating Element between More or Less Successful Football Teams?

This study investigated the time-motion characteristics of football teams in the Spanish first division, in relation to their final competitive level as defined by league position (Champions League, Europa League, Upper mid-table, lower mid-table and relegation). Match observations (n = 9641) were collected using a multiple-camera computerized tracking system during the 2013–2014 competitive season. The following match parameters were analyzed: total distance, relative distance (m·min−1), distance < 14 km·h−1, >14 km·h−1, between 14–21 km·h−1, >21 km·h−1, and >24 km·h−1. Total distance and distance at different velocities (>14, 21, and 24 km·h−1) in and out of ball possession were also analyzed. A repeated analysis of variance and a comparison of effect sizes were carried out to compare the performance of the teams. The analysis of the data showed differences in physical performance characteristics between competitive levels. The volume of distance covered in the variables analyzed did not relate to success in soccer. Both successful and unsuccessful teams presented the same running requirements at higher velocities. These findings provide valuable information about the physical demands of the running requirements according to their final position in the league table.
Biological Effects of Shikonin in Human Gingival Fibroblasts via ERK 1/2 Signaling Pathway

Shikonin, an active ingredient of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, exerts anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, and promotes wound healing. We investigated whether shikonin stimulated gingival tissue wound healing in human gingival fibroblasts (hGF). In addition, we evaluated the effects of shikonin on the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, which has an important role in wound healing. hGF were subjected to primary culture using gingiva collected from patients. The cells were exposed to/treated with Shikonin at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 100 μM. The optimal concentration was determined by cell proliferation and migration assays. Type I collagen and fibronectin synthesis, the gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and FN, and the phosphorylation of Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 were investigated. Identical experiments were performed in the presence of PD98059 our data suggest, a specific ERK 1/2 inhibitor. Shikonin significantly promoted hGF proliferation and migration. Shikonin (1 µM) was chosen as the optimal concentration. Shikonin promoted type I collagen and FN synthesis, increased VEGF and FN expression, and induced ERK 1/2 phosphorylation. These changes were partially suppressed by PD98059. In conclusion, Shikonin promoted the proliferation, migration, type I collagen and FN synthesis, and expression of VEGF and FN via ERK 1/2 signaling pathway in hGFs. Therefore, shikonin may promote periodontal tissue wound healing.
Value of prenatal diagnosis of meconium peritonitis

Abstract Advancements in diagnostic modalities have improved the diagnosis of meconium peritonitis (MP) both in utero and ex utero. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of prompt prenatal and postnatal diagnoses of MP on the postnatal outcomes of these patients. We conducted a retrospective chart review of neonates with MP admitted to the Mackay Memorial Hospital Systems from 2005 to 2016. The prenatal diagnoses, postnatal presentations, surgical indications, operative methods, types of MP, operative findings, associated anomalies, morbidities, patient outcomes, and survival rates were analyzed. Morbidities included postoperative adhesion ileus, bacteremia, and short bowel syndrome. We also performed subgroup analyses of the morbidity and survival rates of prenatally versus postnatally diagnosed patients, as well as inborn versus outborn neonates. Thirty-seven neonates with MP were enrolled. Of this number, 24 (64.9%) were diagnosed prenatally. Twenty-two (59.5%) were born preterm. The most common prenatal sonographic findings included fetal ascites followed by dilated bowel loops. Abdominal distention was the most frequent postnatal symptom. Thirty-four (91.9%) neonates underwent surgery, whereas 3 were managed conservatively. Volvulus of the gastrointestinal tract was the most frequent anatomic anomaly. The total morbidity and survival rates were 37.8% and 91.9%, respectively. The morbidity and survival rates did not differ significantly between prenatally and postnatally diagnosed patients (37.5% vs 33.3%, P = 1.00; 91.7% vs 92.3%, P = 1.00, respectively). Inborn and outborn patients did not differ in terms of morbidity and survival rates (27.3% vs 53.3%, P = .17; 100% vs 80.0%, P = .06, respectively). Although not statistically significant, inborn MP neonates had higher survival rates when compared with outborn MP neonates. Prompt postnatal management at tertiary centers seemed crucial.
Accessing HIV treatment and care services in fishing communities around Lake Victoria in Uganda: mobility and transport challenges

Qualitative research exploring the influence of community-level factors on access to and use of HIV treatment and care services among people living in fishing communities is limited, especially with respect to those already in receipt of HIV care and on treatment. To enhance understanding of these issues, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 42 HIV-positive fisherfolk and 15 health care providers from two HIV clinics located in two fishing communities in Uganda. Fisherfolk’s mobility and poor transport systems were significant barriers to access to and use of HIV treatment and care. Mobility, which involved regular movement between communities, sometimes led to fisherfolk’s inability to access HIV treatment and care. A poor transport system in fishing communities – characterised by irregular transport services and boats in a poor condition – was reported to force both fisherfolk and health care providers sometimes to cancel journeys to centres providing treatment and support. Community-level factors such as these, which relate to the organisation and provision of transport in local community settings, are significant influences on access to HIV treatment and care. Interventions that address these challenges are needed to improve access to and use of HIV treatment and care in fishing communities.
An Assessment of Factors Related to Ocean Literacy Based on Gender-Invariance Measurement

This study sought to gain a more comprehensive understanding of how the factors of parental education level and student attitude toward the ocean influence the ocean literacy of students in Taiwan after establishing measurement invariance across genders. The analyzed data were collected from self-reported questionnaires filled out by students aged 16–18 years old. The students’ ocean literacy was used as the outcome variable, while parental education level and student attitude toward the ocean were employed as the independent variables. The effects of parental education level and student attitude toward the ocean on ocean literacy were estimated with a multi-group structural equation model. Of the final total of 945 valid respondents in this study, 58.1% were male and 41.9% were female. The results from the multiple-group analysis supported measurement invariance across the genders. After establishing gender invariance, it was further found that higher degrees of parental education level and student attitude toward the ocean were positively related to ocean literacy. A considerable contribution was detected between parental education level and ocean literacy that was indirectly related through student attitude toward the ocean in the female student.
Acceptability of risk-stratified breast screening: Effect of the order of presenting risk and benefit information

Objective To test whether reduced-frequency risk-stratified breast screening would be perceived more favourably by transposing the order of information on benefits and risks. Methods After reading vignettes describing non-stratified three-yearly screening and a risk-stratified alternative with five-yearly invitations for women at low risk, 698 women completed an online survey. Participants were allocated at random to information on screening benefits followed by risks, or vice versa, and asked to state preferences for either screening system. Participants also rated perceived magnitude of screening benefits and risks, and breast cancer susceptibility. Results Binomial logistic regression did not find order effects on preferences (p = 0.533) or perceived benefits of screening (p = 0.780). Perceived screening risks were greater when risks were presented first (p < 0.0005). Greater perceived susceptibility was associated with lower proportions preferring risk-stratified screening (15% vs. 39% in highest and lowest groups; p = 0.002), as were greater perceived screening benefits (e.g. 13% vs. 45% in highest and lowest groups; p < 0.0005). Conclusions No information order effect on preferences was observed. Information order did affect screening risk perceptions. Efforts to improve perceptions may need to be more intensive than those tested. Women perceiving themselves as high risk or perceiving greater benefits of screening may be particularly averse to less frequent screening.
Combinatorial mutagenesis of rapidly evolving residues yields super-restrictor antiviral proteins

Antagonistic interactions drive host-virus evolutionary arms-races, which often manifest as recurrent amino acid changes (i.e., positive selection) at their protein-protein interaction interfaces. Here, we investigated whether combinatorial mutagenesis of positions under positive selection in a host antiviral protein could enhance its restrictive properties. We tested ~700 variants of human MxA, generated by combinatorial mutagenesis, for their ability to restrict Thogoto orthomyxovirus (THOV). We identified MxA super-restrictors with increased binding to THOV NP target protein and 10-fold higher anti-THOV restriction relative to wild-type human MxA, the most potent naturally-occurring anti-THOV restrictor identified. Our findings reveal a means to elicit super-restrictor antiviral proteins by leveraging signatures of positive selection. Although some MxA super-restrictors of THOV were impaired in their restriction of H5N1 influenza A virus (IAV), other super-restrictor variants increased THOV restriction without impairment of IAV restriction. Thus, broadly acting antiviral proteins such as MxA mitigate breadth-versus-specificity tradeoffs that could otherwise constrain their adaptive landscape.
ClusterMap Building and Relocalization in Urban Environments for Unmanned Vehicles

Map building and map-based relocalization techniques are important for unmanned vehicles operating in urban environments. The existing approaches require expensive high-density laser range finders and suffer from relocalization problems in long-term applications. This study proposes a novel map format called the ClusterMap, on the basis of which an approach to achieving relocalization is developed. The ClusterMap is generated by segmenting the perceived point clouds into different point clusters and filtering out clusters belonging to dynamic objects. A location descriptor associated with each cluster is designed for differentiation. The relocalization in the global map is achieved by matching cluster descriptors between local and global maps. The solution does not require high-density point clouds and high-precision segmentation algorithms. In addition, it prevents the effects of environmental changes on illumination intensity, object appearance, and observation direction. A consistent ClusterMap without any scale problem is built by utilizing a 3D visual–LIDAR simultaneous localization and mapping solution by fusing LIDAR and visual information. Experiments on the KITTI dataset and our mobile vehicle illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Antifibrinolytic Drugs and Allogeneic Transfusion In Pediatric Multi-Level Spine Surgery: A Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study.

STUDY DESIGN Observational cohort study with propensity score matching. OBJECTIVE Determine whether antifibrinolytic drug use is associated with decreased allogeneic blood transfusion in multi-level pediatric spine surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Antifibrinolytic drugs are commonly used in adult multi-level spine surgery to reduce blood loss and allogeneic transfusion; however, only small studies have examined their efficacy in pediatric patients having multi-level spine surgery. METHODS Pediatric patients who had posterior multi-level spine surgery between 2016 and 2017 were identified in the national surgery quality improvement program (NSQIP) participant use file (PUF). Propensity score matching was used to reduce bias from confounding and the rate of intraoperative allogeneic transfusion was compared between patients who received antifibrinolytic drugs and those who did not. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative cell saver volume, postoperative allogeneic transfusion, massive intraoperative transfusion, and adverse events including venous thromboembolism and seizure. RESULTS 6,904 patients underwent posterior multi-level spine surgery during the study period and 83% received antifibrinolytics. The matched cohort included 604 patients. Antifibrinolytic use had no association with reduced intraoperative allogeneic transfusion: OR = 0.71 (99%CI = 0.40 to 1.26, p = 0.12) or cell saver volume, median volume = 114 mL [0, 250 mL] in antifibrinolytic group versus 100 mL [0, 246 mL] in control group, p = 0.04. There was also no association with reduced postoperative allogeneic transfusion OR = 1.23 (99%CI = 0.54 to 2.81, p = 0.52) or massive transfusion OR = 1.0 (99%CI = 0.34 to 2.92, p = 1.0). No patient in the matched cohort had a venous thromboembolism or seizure. CONCLUSION Antifibrinolytic drugs are commonly used in pediatric multi-level spine surgery in the United States, but no efficacy was demonstrated in our study. There were no venous thromboembolisms or seizures implying an excellent safety profile in pediatric patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.
Shedding of OXA-181 carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli from companion animals after hospitalisation in Switzerland: an outbreak in 2018

Background Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae pose a serious threat to public health worldwide, and the role of companion animals as a reservoir is still unclear. Aims This 4-month prospective observational study evaluated carriage of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae at admission and after hospitalisation in a large referral hospital for companion animals in Switzerland. Methods Rectal swabs of dogs and cats expected to be hospitalised for at least 48 h were taken from May to August 2018 and analysed for the presence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae using selective agar plates. Resistant isolates were further characterised analysing whole genome sequences for resistance gene and plasmid identification, and ad hoc core genome multilocus sequence typing. Results This study revealed nosocomial acquisition of Escherichia coli harbouring the carbapenemase gene bla OXA-181, the pAmpC cephalosporinase gene bla CMY-42 as well as quinolone resistance associated with qnrS1 and mutations in the topoisomerases II (GyrA) and IV (ParC). The bla OXA-181 and qnrS1 genes were identified on a 51 kb IncX3 plasmid and bla CMY-42 on a 47 kb IncI1 plasmid. All isolates belonged to sequence type ST410 and were genetically highly related. This E. coli clone was detected in 17 of 100 dogs and four of 34 cats after hospitalisation (21.6%), only one of the tested animals having tested positive at admission (0.75%). Two positive animals were still carriers 4 months after hospital discharge, but were negative after 6 months. Conclusions Companion animals may acquire carbapenemase-producing E. coli during hospitalisation, posing the risk of further dissemination to the animal and human population and to the environment.
ARFRP1 functions upstream of ARL1 and ARL5 to coordinate recruitment of distinct tethering factors to the trans-Golgi network

Ishida and Bonifacino show that the small GTPase ARFRP1 functions upstream of two other small GTPases, ARL1 and ARL5, to coordinate the recruitment of two distinct classes of tethering factors, golgins and GARP, respectively, to the trans-Golgi network.
Deep Ultraviolet Luminescence Due to Extreme Confinement in Monolayer GaN/Al(Ga)N Nanowire and Planar Heterostructures.

We present experimental results confirming extreme quantum confinement in GaN/AlxGa1-xN (x = 0.65 and 1.0) nanowire and planar heterostructures, where the GaN layer thickness is of the order of a monolayer. The results were obtained from temperature- and excitation-dependent and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements. In the GaN/AlN nanowire heterostructure array sample the measured emission peak at 300 K is ~5.18-5.28 eV. This is in excellent agreement with the calculated optical gap of 5.23 eV and 160-260 meV below the calculated electronic gap of 5.44 eV, suggesting that the observed emission is excitonic in nature with an exciton binding energy of ~160-260 meV. Similarly, in the monolayer GaN/Al0.65Ga0. 35N planar heterostructure, the measured emission peak at 300 K is 4.785 eV and in good agreement with the calculated optical gap of 4.68 eV and 95 meV below the calculated electronic gap of 4.88 eV. The estimated exciton binding energy is 95 meV and in close agreement with our theoretical calculations. Excitation-dependent and time resolved photoluminescence data support the presence of excitonic transitions. Our results indicate that deep-ultraviolet excitonic light sources and microcavity devices can be realized with heterostructures incorporating monolayer thick GaN.
Predictors of Negative Pressure Ventilation Response in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Failure

BACKGROUND: Use of negative pressure ventilation is neither well described nor widespread in pediatric critical care; existing data are from small, specialized populations. We sought to describe a general population of critically ill subjects with acute respiratory failure supported with negative pressure ventilation to find predictors of response or failure. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of subjects 0–18 y old admitted to a single (non-cardiac) pediatric ICU who received acute respiratory failure support via negative pressure ventilation from May 2015 through May 2016. RESULTS: In 118 subjects, the most common causes of acute respiratory failure were viral bronchiolitis (86.4%) and pneumonia (15.3%). A majority of subjects (68.6%) stabilized with negative pressure ventilation and did not need a change of respiratory support; in those who failed with negative pressure ventilation, median time to respiratory support change was 5.1 h (interquartile range 1.9–11.0). Subjects stabilized with negative pressure ventilation did not differ from those needing a change of respiratory support in terms of age, comorbidities, or FIO2 at initiation of ventilation. Compared to those who did not respond to negative pressure ventilation, mean SpO2/FIO2 was higher at 1 h after start of negative pressure ventilation (218.8 vs 131.7) in those who did respond. Subjects with SpO2/FIO2 < 192 after 1 h on negative pressure ventilation support had 5-fold higher odds of needing a respiratory support change (odds ratio 5.143, 95% CI 1.17–22.7, P = .031). Analysis of SpO2/FIO2 was limited by 81.3% (96/118) of subjects who had an SpO2 > 97% at 1 h after the start of negative pressure ventilation. CONCLUSIONS: Negative pressure ventilation successfully supported 69% of pediatric subjects with all-cause acute respiratory failure. Oxygen requirement was lower in subjects who were responsive to negative pressure ventilation within 1 h of initiation. Standardized negative pressure ventilation protocols should include weaning of supplemental oxygen to determine responsiveness.
A two-layer framework for activity recognition with multi-factor activity pheromone matrix

With rapid population aging and increasingly indoor sensing technologies, mining effective information in sensor data is in need that we can analyse individual behaviour semantics, or even predict intentions. The model for indoor activity recognition (AR) is usually based on statistic while sensor data can impliedly reflect abundant information in order. Behaviour will trigger environment perception sensors. Inspired by information transmission in nature, persistent action keeps activity pheromone accumulating and inactive action keeps it volatilizing along with time shift. Different from statistic model, our framework proposes a method to construct multi factor features named activity pheromone matrix (APM). It has a double-layer model for recognizing daily activities include the high-overlapping. The experimental results show that our method can effectively promote the accuracy of activities recognition compared with the existing statistical models, even the high-overlapping activities in small areas.
Increased detection of enterovirus A71 infections, Germany, 2019

We report on the increased circulation of enterovirus A71 in Germany in 2019. Strains were mainly identified in hospitalised patients with suspected aseptic meningitis/encephalitis. Molecular analysis showed co-circulation of EV-A71 sub-genogroups C1 and C4, a signal for physicians and public health authorities to include/intensify EV diagnostic in patients showing signs of aseptic meningitis, encephalitis or acute flaccid paralysis/myelitis.
The efficacy and safety of irinotecan ± bevacizumab compared with oxaliplatin ± bevacizumab for metastatic colorectal cancer

Abstract Background: Irinotecan (IRI)-based and oxaliplatin (OXA)-based regimens are available for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Several studies have published inconsistent results in their comparisons of the efficacy and toxicity of IRI ± bevacizumab and OXA ± bevacizumab. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these 2 regimens in patients with mCRC. Methods: We searched several databases to identify relevant studies, including PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP). The secondary comparisons were overall response rate (ORR) and toxicity. In addition, the hazard ratio (HR) or risk ratio (RR) values with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted from these studies. Results: Pooled data of 13 studies demonstrated no significant differences in OS (HR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.86–1.08, P = .53) and TTP (HR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.72–1.08, P = .24) between the 2 groups. However, the ORR (RR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78–0.97, P = .02) was clearly improved in the OXA ± bevacizumab arm. Higher incidences of grade 3/4 nausea (RR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.28–2.07, P < .001), vomiting (RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.09–1.81, P = .01), diarrhea (RR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.23–1.70, P < .001), and anemia (RR = 4.13, 95% CI: 2.75–6.22, P < .001) were observed in the IRI group. However, the incidences of grade 3/4 neutropenia (RR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.68–0.83, P < .001), thrombocytopenia (RR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.26–0.73, P = .002), and paresthesia/neurological disturbances (RR = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.02–0.07, P < .001) were higher in the OXA group. Conclusion: This meta-analysis confirmed that the OXA ± bevacizumab regimen as a maintenance therapy significantly improved the ORR in patients with mCRC. Exhibiting strong efficacy and safety, the OXA and OXA plus bevacizumab regimens are preferred as first-line treatments for mCRC.