Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CuO and CeO2 Nanostructures Green Synthesized Using Olive Leaf Extract Inhibits the Growth of Highly Virulent Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

One of the major challenges of nano-biotechnology is to engineer potent antimicrobial nanostructures (NS) with high biocompatibility. Keeping this in view, we have performed aqueous olive leaf extract mediated one pot facile synthesis of CuO-NS and CeO2-NS. Prepared NS were homogenous, less than 26 nm in size, and small crystallite units as revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of CuO-NS and CeO2-NS showed typical Cu-O prints around 592–660 cm-1 and Ce-O bond vibrations at 453 cm-1. The successful capping of CuO-NS and CeO2-NS by compounds present in the plant extract was further validated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Active phyto-chemicals from the leaf extract simultaneously acted as strong reducing as well as capping agent in the NS synthesis. NS engineered in the present study showed antibacterial potential at extremely low concentration against highly virulent multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative strains (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), alarmed by World Health Organization (WHO). Furthermore, CuO-NS and CeO2-NS did not show any cytotoxicity on HEK-293 cell lines and Brine shrimp larvae indicating that the NS green synthesized in the present study are biocompatible.
Human Papillomavirus Testing in Head and Neck Carcinomas: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Endorsement of the College of American Pathologists Guideline.

PURPOSE The College of American Pathologists produced an evidence-based guideline on testing, application, interpretation, and reporting of human papillomavirus (HPV) and surrogate marker tests in head and neck carcinomas that was determined to be relevant to the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) membership. METHODS The College of American Pathologists HPV Testing in Head and Neck Carcinomas guideline was reviewed by ASCO content experts for clinical accuracy and by methodologists for developmental rigor. On favorable review, an ASCO Expert Panel was convened to review the guideline contents and recommendations. RESULTS The ASCO Expert Panel determined that the recommendations from the HPV Testing in Head and Neck Carcinomas guideline, published in 2018, are clear, thorough, and based upon the most relevant scientific evidence. ASCO endorsed the guideline and added minor qualifying statements. RECOMMENDATIONS It is recommended that HPV tumor status should be determined for newly diagnosed oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. HPV tumor status testing may be performed by surrogate marker p16 immunohistochemistry either on the primary tumor or from cervical nodal metastases only if an oropharyngeal primary tumor is present. The threshold for positivity is at least 70% nuclear and cytoplasmic expression with at least moderate to strong intensity. Additional confirmatory testing may be done at the discretion of the pathologist and/or treating clinician. Pathologists should not routinely determine HPV tumor status in nonsquamous carcinomas of the oropharynx or non-oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. When there is uncertainty of histologic type or whether a poorly differentiated oropharyngeal tumor is nonsquamous, HPV tumor status testing may be warranted and at the discretion of the pathologist and/or treating clinician. Additional information is available at: www.asco. org/head-neck-cancer-guidelines .
A Novel Method of Emergency Situation Detection for a Brain-Controlled Vehicle by Combining EEG Signals With Surrounding Information

In this paper, to address the safety of brain-controlled vehicles under emergency situations, we propose a novel method of emergency situation detection by fusing driver electroencephalography (EEG) signals with surrounding information. We first build a novel EEG-based detection model of driver emergency braking intention. We then recognize emergency situations by fusing the result of the proposed EEG-based intention detection model with that of the obstacle detection model based on surrounding information. The real-time detection system of driver emergency braking intention is implemented on an embedded system, and the driver-and-hardware-in-the-loop-experiment of the proposed detection method of emergency situations is performed. Experimental results show that the proposed method can detect emergency situations with the system accuracy of 94.89%, false alarm rate of 0.05%, and response time of 540 ms. This paper has important values in the future development of brain-controlled vehicles, human-centric advanced driver assistant systems, and self-driving vehicles and opens a new avenue on how cognitive neuroscience may be applied to human–machine integration.
Non-graduate and graduate entry medical students attitudes to psychiatry

Objective Graduate entry medical students’ views of psychiatry may differ from those of school leavers. This study hypothesised that (i) exposure to a psychiatry attachment is associated with a positive change in attitudes towards psychiatry in both graduate entry and non-graduate entry students, (ii) graduate entry students exhibit a more positive attitude to psychiatry compared to non-graduate entry students and (iii) graduate entry students are more interested in a career in psychiatry than non-graduate entry students. Methods In this study 247 medical students (118 females and 129 males) completing their psychiatry rotation were invited to complete questionnaires examining career choice, attitudes to psychiatry and career attractiveness for a range of specialties including surgery, medicine, general practice and psychiatry before and after their psychiatry attachment. Questionnaires were distributed prior to commencement of their attachment and redistributed on the final day of the attachment. Results Of the 165 participants in the study, 75 students entered medicine via the traditional route (without a primary degree), 49 entered via the graduate entry programme and 41 had a primary degree. Overall, medical students displayed positive attitudes towards psychiatry. However, while there was an improvement in attitudes towards psychiatry and the career attractiveness of psychiatry on completion of the rotation, no differences were found between graduate and non-graduate entry students. Psychiatry and general practice had lower ratings for career attractiveness than other specialities. No significant changes were found in the first and second choice of specialty. Conclusion Our results show that improvements in attitude and career attractiveness do not necessarily correlate with increased choice of psychiatry as a specialty. Graduate entry has been considered a possible opportunity for increasing recruitment in psychiatry but our results suggest that this may not be the case. Follow-up studies are required to determine whether career attractiveness correlates with future career choice.
Exploiting Language Variation to Better Understand the Cognitive Consequences of Bilingualism

Within the past decade, there has been an explosion of research investigating the cognitive consequences of bilingualism. However, a controversy has arisen specifically involving research claiming a “bilingual advantage” in executive function. In this brief review, we re-examine the nature of the “bilingual advantage” and suggest three themes for future research. First, there must be a theoretical account of how specific variation in language experience impacts aspects of executive function and domain general cognition. Second, efforts toward adequately characterizing the participants tested will be critical to interpreting results. Finally, designing studies that employ converging analytical approaches and sensitive methodologies will be important to advance our knowledge of the dynamics between bilingual language experience and cognition.
Predicting the risk for aberrant opioid use behavior in patients receiving outpatient supportive care consultation at a comprehensive cancer center

Opioid misuse is a growing crisis. Patients with cancer who are at risk of aberrant drug behaviors are frequently underdiagnosed. The primary objective of this study was to determine the frequency and factors predicting a risk for aberrant opioid and drug use behaviors (ADB) among patients who received an outpatient supportive care consultation at a comprehensive cancer center. In addition, the screening performance of the Cut Down‐Annoyed‐Guilty‐Eye Opener (CAGE) questionnaire adapted to include drug use (CAGE‐AID) was compared with that of the 14‐item Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients With Pain (SOAPP‐14) tool as instruments for identifying patients at risk for ADB.
Language Dominance and Cognitive Flexibility in French–English Bilingual Children

Some studies have reported a cognitive advantage for bilingual children over monolinguals and other studies have not. One possible reason for these conflicting results is that the degree of cognitive flexibility is related to individual differences in language dominance and use. More balanced bilinguals who separate their languages by context might have to learn to reduce inter-language interference and therefore show greater cognitive flexibility. The goal of the present study was to test if language dominance is related to French–English bilingual children’s cognitive flexibility, using three different measures of language dominance: (1) parental reports of dominance, (2) relative scores on vocabulary tests, and (3) knowledge of translation equivalents. We also included two measures of language use: (1) living in a bilingual community (Montreal) or a monolingual community (Edmonton) and (2) language separation. Sixty-two French–English bilingual between 46 and 85 months of age participated. Children’s cognitive flexibility was assessed using the Advanced Dimensional Change Card Sort task. Children’s language knowledge and use was assessed in both French and English using a battery of tests. The results showed that none of the measures of language dominance or language use predicted cognitive flexibility. These results are inconsistent with the claim that individual differences in language dominance and use predict bilinguals’ executive function s.
Families’ and health care professionals’ attitudes towards Li‐Fraumeni syndrome testing in children: A systematic review

Li‐Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a highly penetrant cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline TP53 mutations. Genetic testing is not routinely offered in asymptomatic children at risk of the condition as the benefits are debatable and the attitudes of families and health care professionals (HCPs) may vary. This review assessed the attitudes of families and HCPs towards offering genetic testing to children for LFS, with a focus on perceived advantages and disadvantages and involvement of children in the decision‐making process. We searched three key databases (Medline, PsycINFO and EMBASE) to identify quantitative and qualitative studies. We screened 729 articles identifying eight studies for detailed review. Most parents perceived TP53 genetic testing to be beneficial in childhood, despite previous lack of surveillance guidelines. Parents raised some concerns, including decreased insurability and diminishing the child's autonomy. Most children tested reported no negative emotional concerns after testing, even if tested positive. Despite generally positive interest clinicians remain hesitant. Most families saw the value in involving children in decision‐making. Families' acceptance of TP53 testing in childhood was high. This review highlights the need for research on the long‐term psychosocial impacts of testing and the attitudes of families to be reflected in professional guidelines.
The Turkish version of the MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction: measurement properties in physical therapy care among inpatients

Abstract Purpose: Our aim was to cross culturally adapt the MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with physical therapy care for Turkish-speaking inpatients, provide information about its measurement properties, and determine the socio-demographic factors influencing satisfaction of Turkish patients. Method: This was a cross-sectional, measurement-focused study. The MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction was translated and adapted into Turkish. Two hundred four inpatients with different health conditions from different units of a large university hospital were assessed using the Turkish version of the MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction. Forty-two patients were reassessed after 72 h. Construct validity, internal consistency, convergent validity, criterion-referenced validity, floor and ceiling effects, and test-retest reliability were evaluated. Results: Factor analysis showed a two-factor structure. Cronbach’s alpha values for the internal consistency ranged between 0.49 and 0.81. Corrected item-total correlations ranged between 0.29 and 0.72. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged between 0.67 and 0.97, standard errors of measurement ranged between 0.34 and 2.61 points, and substantially good agreement was achieved. Eleven of twelve items were positively correlated with the global measures. No floor or ceiling effects were detected. The satisfaction level of inpatients was high. Conclusions: Our results suggested that the Turkish version of the MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction is a quite reliable and valid measurement to evaluate patient satisfaction with physical therapy care in Turkish-speaking inpatients. We determined that Turkish inpatients are highly satisfied with their physical therapy care, and they consider the patient-physical therapist relationship important. Implications for rehabilitation The Turkish version of the MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction is a reliable and valid translation of the original MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction. However, it should be noted that three items from the original version were excluded. Clinicians and relevant researchers can use this instrument to evaluate satisfaction with physical therapy care among Turkish-speaking inpatients.
Coded Caching in a Cell-Free SIMO Network

The coded caching scheme proposed by Maddah-Ali and Niesen considers the delivery of files in a given content library to users through the so-called single bottleneck link network. While the single bottleneck link network is a deterministic errorfree model, where the multicast rate to all users is fixed irrespectively of the number of users, in order to apply this paradigm to a wireless network, it is important to make sure that the common rate at which the multicast message is transmitted remains large as the number of users increase. This paper focuses on a variant of the Maddah-Ali and Niesen scheme successively proposed for the so-called combination network, where the multicast message is further encoded by an MDS code and the MDS-coded blocks are simultaneously transmitted from different nodes, referred to in the wireless context of this paper as Remote Radio Heads (RRHs). In the proposed system, each user is equipped with an antenna array and can select to decode a certain number of RRH transmissions, while either zero-force some others, or simply treat the others (the weak ones) as noise. The system is "cell-free" in the sense that each user can independently and individually (in a user-centric manner) decide which RRHs to decode, without any explicit association of users to RRHs. We study the performance of the proposed system when users and RRHs are distributed according to 2-dimensional homogeneous Poisson Point Process and the propagation is affected by Rayleigh fading and distance dependent pathloss. We use stochastic geometry to derive the average rate of the typical user and the ergodic rate CDF, where ergodicity is with respect to the small-scale Rayleigh fading and the randomness of the rates is due to the large-scale pathloss, which is random due to the random geometry. Our analysis allows to optimize the system with respect to the MDS coding rate. Also, from our analysis it follows that the proposed system is fully scalable, in the sense that it can support an arbitrarily large number of users, while maintaining a non-vanishing peruser rate.
Quality of Care in the United Kingdom after Removal of Financial Incentives

BACKGROUND The benefits of pay‐for‐performance schemes in improving the quality of care remain uncertain. There is little information on the effect of removing incentives from existing pay‐for‐performance schemes. METHODS We conducted interrupted time‐series analyses of electronic medical record (EMR) data from 2010 to 2017 for 12 quality‐of‐care indicators in the United Kingdom's Quality and Outcomes Framework for which financial incentives were removed in 2014 and 6 indicators for which incentives were maintained. We estimated the effects of removing incentives on changes in performance on quality‐of‐care measures. RESULTS Complete longitudinal data were available for 2819 English primary care practices with more than 20 million registered patients. There were immediate reductions in documented quality of care for all 12 indicators in the first year after the removal of financial incentives. Reductions were greatest for indicators related to health advice, with a reduction of 62.3 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI], ‐65.6 to ‐59.0) in EMR documentation of lifestyle counseling for patients with hypertension. Changes were smaller for indicators involving clinical actions that automatically update the EMR, such as laboratory testing, with a reduction of 10.7 percentage points (95% CI, ‐13.6 to ‐7.8) in control of cholesterol in patients with coronary heart disease and 12.1 percentage points (95% CI, ‐13.6 to ‐10.6) for thyroid‐function testing in patients with hypothyroidism. There was little change in performance on the 6 quality measures for which incentives were maintained. CONCLUSIONS Removal of financial incentives was associated with an immediate decline in performance on quality measures. In part, the decline probably reflected changes in EMR documentation, but declines on measures involving laboratory testing suggest that incentive removal also changed the care delivered.
Can listeners hear the difference between children with normal hearing and children with a hearing impairment?

ABSTRACT Acoustic measurements have shown that the speech of hearing-impaired (HI) children differs from that of normally hearing (NH) children, even after several years of device use. This study focuses on the perception of HI speech in comparison to NH children’s speech. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether adult listeners can identify the speech of NH and HI children. Moreover, it is studied whether listeners’ experience and the children’s length of device use play a role in that assessment. For this study, short utterances of 7 children with a cochlear implant (CI), 7 children with an acoustic hearing aid (HA) and 7 children with NH were presented to 90 listeners who were required to specify the hearing status of each speech sample. The judges had different degrees of familiarity with hearing disorders: there were 30 audiologists, 30 primary schoolteachers and 30 inexperienced listeners. The results show that the speech of children with NH and HI can reliably be identified. However, listeners do not manage to distinguish between children with CI and HA. Children with CI are increasingly identified as NH with increasing length of device use. For children with HA, there is no similar change with longer device use. Also, experienced listeners seem to display a more lenient attitude towards atypical speech, whereas inexperienced listeners are stricter and generally consider more utterances to be produced by children with HI.
Evaluation of medication adherence in hypertensive patients and influential factors

Objective: This study aims to evaluate medication adherence in hypertensive patients and to identify the influential factors. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study included a total of 147 hypertensive patients who were admitted to Akdogan Health Center between December 2016 and February 2017. The Descriptive Data Form and Medication Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale were used as the data collection tools. Results: The mean Medication Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale score was found to be 70.29 ± 8.52. Age, duration of HT, the frequency of follow-up visit for HT, the status of taking medication regularly, the frequency of blood pressure measurement and the status of alternative method use were found to be effective in medication adherence. Conclusions: Our study results suggest that medication adherence is good in patients with hypertension (HT). Factors which are effective in medication adherence should be taken into consideration, when evaluating the medication adherence in patients with HT.
Gait pattern changes after six‐minute walk test in persons with multiple sclerosis

OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of induced fatigue on spatiotemporal gait parameters in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) by using 6-min walk test (6MWT). METHODS A cross-sectional study with a control group (25 healthy persons) was performed. Fifty-six PwMS (37 female) were divided into three groups according to their level of disability, as measured by the expanded disability status scale (EDSS): mild (n = 23, EDSS = 1.0-3.5), moderate (n = 19, EDSS = 4.0-5.5), and severe (n = 12, EDSS = 6.0-6.5). Spatiotemporal gait parameters were measured by the GAITRite electronic walkway before and after 6MWT performance. In addition, to determine the level of fatigue in PwMS, the participants completed the questionnaire modified fatigue impact scale (MFIS) before performing the 6MWT. Statistical analyses were performed to compare intragroup and intergroup differences. RESULTS Fatigue level was lower in the mild (37.6 ± 20.5) versus moderate (54.3 ± 17.2) versus severe (53.6 ± 12.9) groups (p < 0.05). Significant differences were found among all the groups in terms of the distance walked during the 6MWT (p = 0.001) and of the spatiotemporal gait parameters: gait velocity (cm/s), cadence (steps/min), and step length (cm) decreased and, on the contrary, step time (sec), stance, and double support time (% gait cycle) increased when EDSS scores were higher (p < 0.05). The percentage of change (%) in the spatiotemporal gait parameters, after 6MWT performance, was statistically significant in the moderate and severe groups: gait velocity (-8.8%, -25.9%) and step length (-6.5%, -13.4%) decreased, whereas step time (3.0%, 15.0%), double support time (8.8%, 19.1%), step time asymmetry (32.1%, 64.0%), and single support asymmetry (60.0%, 74.7%) increased (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Gait pattern worsen after performing a walking-induced fatigue test, such as 6MWT, in moderate-severe PwMS (EDSS ≥ 4.0). Identifying these gait alterations will allow physiotherapists to determine specific therapeutic objectives.