Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intra‐urban nocturnal cooling rates: development and evaluation of the NOCRA model

A nocturnal cooling rate model (NOCRAM) to simulate nocturnal air temperature at urban sites is presented. The model is designed for urban planners, practitioners and researchers who demand meteorological information for urban planning and research applications. The model is based on the concept of nocturnal cooling, progressing in two distinct phases, i.e. site‐dependent cooling around sunset and site‐independent cooling from about 1 or 2 h after sunset until sunrise. Cooling rates are usually determined predominantly by prevailing weather conditions (i.e. clearness of the sky and wind speed), followed by maximum daily air temperature and by sky view factors. Second phase cooling is chiefly determined by sky clearness and wind speed. The findings and statistical results from the analysis of observational data during warm months (May–September) from Gothenburg, Sweden, as well as from past studies, were used. The model requires standard meteorological variables (i.e. wind speed, incoming short‐wave radiation, air temperature, relative air humidity, air pressure) at a reference station as well as geometrical information (i.e. the sky view factor of the site and the geographical co‐ordinates of the reference meteorological station). The model simulates the characteristic development of cooling rates in the two phases at open sites and built‐up sites with different sky view factors under a wide range of weather conditions in warm months. Using the modelled cooling rates, nocturnal air temperature is estimated easily with the accuracy of root mean square error (RMSE) ≤1.54 °C and R2 ≥0.78.
The Evaluation of Universities’ Third Mission and Intellectual Capital: Theoretical Analysis and Application to Italy

From being entities for knowledge creation and dissemination, universities are now asked to play an increasingly entrepreneurial role, involving networking and collaboration, as well as sustainability and social engagement. This consideration is in line with the fourth-stage intellectual capital perspective, which focuses on knowledge creation with an ecosystem focus. But which are the main approaches to manage and evaluate this new role? Can intellectual capital contribute to this evaluation process? The paper aims to answer these research questions by systematizing the theoretical contributions on this topic; it is based on the following steps: First, a brief historical overview of the evolution of the role of universities; secondly, a literature review on university’s third mission and its relationship with intellectual capital; finally, an analysis of the different approaches for evaluating this mission. Despite the academic and institutional efforts, there is little agreement on a set of indicators to evaluate quality in university’s third mission activities. In Italy, an “intellectual capital maturity model” (ICMM) has been built, but it needs further applications and evaluations.
On grid resolution requirements for LES of wall-bounded flows

Grid requirements for LES of wall-bounded flows are considered. The setting is a zero pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate, but the results are intended to be of use generally for the simulation of flows with an important influence of turbulent boundary layers. The basis for the grid estimates are expressions for the thickness and the viscous length scale of a turbulent boundary layer. The literature is reviewed, and a new power law is proposed, the coefficients of which have been determined using recent high-Re experimental data. An estimation for the number of grid points required for NWM-LES is derived, which is more general than previously published such estimates. A complete simulation methodology, including a numerical tripping device for transition to turbulence in the boundary layer, is demonstrated for NWM-LES of a flat plate turbulent boundary layer. The predictive accuracy is assessed by comparison with DNS data.
Asset Pricing with Heterogeneous Agents and Non-Tradeable Assets

This paper develops a tractable asset pricing framework based on an Arrow Debreu economy with heterogeneous agents. The assumption of heterogeneity recasts the market rather than aggregate consumption as the key element for pricing securities. The model expresses some asset pricing relationships in terms of four underlying variables. It develops a new formulation for the market risk premium and the earnings price ratio.The theoretical results are used to estimate preference parameters, which yield a value of relative risk aversion between 1.3 and 1.9, and a time preference discount rate between 2.8% and 4.6% per year.
Participação induzida na gestão da saúde: a experiência da Secretaria de Gestão Estratégica e Participativa

A construcao e mobilizacao social que deu origem ao SUS e fruto de um projeto de democracia voltado para um maior envolvimento da sociedade no processo de construcao das politicas publicas na saude. Neste contexto, foi criada a Secretaria de Gestao Participativa, com o intuito de pensar e analisar os impasses e os avancos das areas de interesse associadas a implementacao do SUS. Este trabalho busca averiguar a intervencao social na gestao de politicas publicas fomentada pela Secretaria de Gestao Estrategica e Participativa do Ministerio da Saude como um instrumento criado pelo governo para estimular a participacao. Ao observar as acoes da secretaria por meio dos relatorios de gestao anual e as entrevistas concedidas por seus ex-servidores, servidores e alguns profissionais e academicos alinhados com o tema, percebeu-se que a politica publica que insere a participacao na saude, para alem da sua institucionalizacao, e bastante influenciada pelo governo vigente.
The Effect of Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) Technique on the Misconceptions of Prospective Elementary Teachers about the

In this research, misconceptions in the subject “Gases” which is seen on an elementary teaching program in general chemistry curriculum are determined, and the effect of Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) technique on removing the misconceptions of students and their attitude to the Science and Technology is investigated. “Gases Concept Test”, “Chemistry Attitude Scale” and activities obtained by (POE) were used for the data collection. The study was conducted with 60 freshman students studying at the Bulent Ecevit University’s Faculty of Education in the spring semester of the 2011-2012 academic years. The data were collected from the experiment and the control group before and after the study. The data obtained from the research were analyzed by statistical programs. Data analysis revealed that students have many misconceptions about gases. Also it is found that Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) method is more effective than the traditional teaching methods for the achievement of students and contributed to learn concepts better. Besides, attitudes of students towards the course were higher in the experimental group than the control group.
Tax Reforms and Fiscal Shock Smoothing

This paper examines the role of tax policy reforms in enhancing fiscal shock smoothing in a panel of 13 OECD economies during the period 1980-2017. The results suggest that tax reforms, in particular those that broaden the tax base, significantly enhance the ability of fiscal policy to mitigate the impact of growth shocks on disposable income. We find that the magnitude of shock smoothing increases from an average of 2 percent to 3-3½ percent following the reform. The effects are considerably higher for tax base than tax rate changes, and also higher for indirect tax than direct tax changes. The effects are symmetric—that is, the increase in shock smoothing following a reform expanding the tax base (rate) is similar to the decline in shock smoothing after a reform narrowing the tax base (rate). Tax elasticity, collection efficiency, and the progressivity of the tax system are important channels through which tax reforms affect fiscal stabilization.
Impact of Trade Liberalisation on Dairy Market Price Co‐Movements between the EU, Oceania, and the United States

This study investigates the impact of trade liberalisation on the spatial price co‐movements between the dairy markets of the EU, Oceania, and the United States. We consider two main dairy products, namely butter and whole milk powder (WMP), and employ R‐Vines to assess the development of the tail dependence between the price series. We split the time span (i.e. 2000‐2017) in December 2007 to capture the change in the tail dependence as well as in the potential of each region to act as the central market. Our findings indicate that the EU acts as the central market for butter in both sub‐periods, whereas the EU succeeds Oceania in acting as the central market for WMP from the first sub‐period to the next. Further findings highlight slightly increasing tail dependence in the butter market and in the WMP market for the EU‐OCE and EU‐US pairs. However, the tail dependence for the WMP prices between Oceania and the United States weakens, in which we attribute to the 2013 Chinese ban on milk powder imports from Oceania.
Analysis of Twitter Communication During the 2017 German Federal Election

Even before 2016 elected US president Donald Trump made the microblogging service Twitter a tool for political campaigning and broadcasting, the online service with millions of users gained attention in public events, scandals or sport events. The question still remains open to what extent the analysis of Twitter communication reveals insights into to political discurse during elections. This study uses the context of the 2017 German federal election to investigate the political communication within the Twitter network during 10 weeks leading to the election in September 2017. Almost 1,500,000 million tweets are analyzed using three different lexica: SentiWS, Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (LIWC) and German Political Sentiment Dictionary (GPSD). In order to gain deeper insights, the users producing the tweets are investigated. The results show that users strongly differ in their activity on the network and perform statistical tests to evaluate differences among the user groups. Keywords–Social Media; Twitter; Sentiment; Elections
Business Cycle Synchronization of the Euro Area with the New and Negotiating Member Countries

Using different combinations of culture, development and openness to international trade, we test the variability in the incidences of corruption at different stages of development or in other words the non-linearities in the relationship between corruption and development. We employ formal threshold model developed by Hansen (2000), and unlike the existing literature, we find that: (1) non-linear models that search for the break points in the relationship between corruption and development are statistically preferable than linear regressions; (2) the effect of development at any stage is much lower than that has been suggested by studies using linear regressions approach; (3) both culture and openness do not affect corruption directly; rather they have an effect on the location of break points in the relationship between corruption and development.
Marital status, health, and retirement wealth for middle aged and older women

We investigate the different impacts of health problems on wealth among unmarried and married women in their later years. We advance the literature by using a new health measure of a 22 year sequence of chronic diseases. Using data from 2,476 women age 50 or older from the 1992–2014 Health and Retirement Study, we find that unmarried women have more complicated and costly health sequences compared with married women, including multi-morbidity or co-morbidity. Over the 22 year period, retirement wealth for unmarried women with costly health sequences is reduced by approximately $3,600 to $5,400 annually.
Resolving the Progressive Paradox: Conservative Value Framing of Progressive Economic Policies Increases Candidate Support

While polls show progressive economic policies are popular, progressive candidates typically lose elections in the U.S. One explanation for this progressive paradox is that the opponents of progressive candidates often win through â€œsymbolic politics,â€ successfully harnessing values and ideologies that receive broad support from the general public. Here we explore one solution to the progressive paradox, testing whether progressive candidates achieve greater support by framing their policy platforms in terms of values and ideologies that resonate beyond the progressive base. We tested this claim in two experiments (total N=4,138), including one pre-registered experiment conducted on a nationally representative sample. We found that a presidential candidate who framed his progressive economic platform to be consistent with more conservative value concerns like patriotism, family, and respect for tradition--as opposed to more liberal value concerns like equality and social justice--was supported significantly more by conservatives and, unexpectedly, by moderates as well. These effects were mediated by perceived value similarity with the candidate. Furthermore, a manipulation of how progressive the candidateâ€™s platform was had weak and inconsistent effects, and did not interact with the framing of the platform. These findings indicate that in our experiments framing mattered more than policy, suggesting that moral reframing could be an effective alternative to policy centrism for candidates seeking broader support. Our results illustrate the important effects of value framing of economic policy, offering a solution to the longstanding puzzle regarding the gap between progressive policy and candidate support.
Stream computing on fpgas

Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are programmable logic devices used for the implementation of a wide range of digital systems. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in design methodologies that allow high-level design descriptions to be automatically implemented in FPGAs. This thesis describes the design and implementation of a novel compilation flow that implements circuits in FPGAs from a streaming programming language. The streaming language supported is called FPGA Brook, and is based on the existing Brook and GPU Brook languages, which target streaming multiprocessors and graphics processing units (GPUs), respectively. A streaming language is suitable for targeting FPGAs because it allows system designers to express applications in a way that exposes parallelism, which can then be exploited through parallel hardware implementation. FPGA Brook supports replication, which allows the system designer to trade-off area for performance, by specifying the parts of an application that should be implemented as multiple hardware units operating in parallel, to achieve desired application throughput. Hardware units are interconnected through FIFO buffers, which effectively utilize the small memory modules available in FPGAs. The FPGA Brook design flow uses a source-to-source compiler, and combines it with a commercial behavioural synthesis tool to generate hardware. The source-to-source compiler was developed as a part of this thesis and includes novel algorithms for implementation of complex reductions in FPGAs. The design flow is fully automated and presents a user-interface similar to traditional software compilers. A suite of benchmark applications was developed in FPGA Brook and implemented using our design flow. Experimental results show that applications implemented using our flow achieve much higher throughput than the Nios II soft processor implemented in the same FPGA device. Comparison to the commercial C2H compiler from Altera shows that while simple applications can be effectively implemented using the C2H compiler, complex applications achieve significantly better throughput when implemented by our system. Performance of many applications implemented using our design flow would scale further if a larger FPGA device were used. The thesis demonstrates that using an automated design flow to implement streaming applications in FPGAs is a promising methodology.
Limitations of Rural Tourism as an Economic Diversification and Regional Development Instrument. The Case Study of the Region of La Vera

In the mid-1980s, at the same time as the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reforms resulted in a decrease in agricultural employment, the Single European Act transformed the reduction of regional differences into an objective of European regional policy. The LEADER Initiative and the PRODER Program were two of the instruments chosen by the European Commission to deal with the effects that these new challenges would have for the rural environment. This research studies the scope and limitations of these programs. For this, we analyzed their implementation, resorting to the case study of the region of La Vera, Extremadura (Spain). The results show that although the structure of these programs is consistent with the purpose of developing and diversifying rural economies, their application must overcome a number of risks, including an excessive concentration of investments in the tourism sector, which stands out from the rest. In addition to highlighting the limitations of tourism as an axis of development, this research detects some aspects that should be taken into account when implementing these programs.
Overweight and Obesity Among Children and Adolescents in Baladrouz City

Background:Obesity in children and adolescents is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century because of the effects of future morbidity. Its prevalence has increased significantly in mostcountries,especially in low and middle-income countries, especiallyin urban areas. Objective: To know the distribution of this epidemic among our childrenand draw a real picture of intermediate school students in Baladrouzregion. Patients and Methods: A cross-section study, involved the students of the first and the second stages, the information and the measurements were taken from 1798 students(910males, 888females) their ages were between 11-14 years , over one month duration (December of 2017), during this period we visit a were 10 Intermediate schools for both genders (six of them in the center of the region and four in the surrounding villages those belong to the region), included the age, weight, height, counting the body mass index, waist circumference, Neck circumference, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in addition to the questionnaire form and the information of the school card. Results:The percentages of the overweight and the obesityamong males were as follows:26.9% ,17.4 % for intermediate, first and second stages respectively, while in females it was 47.9% ,33.3% respectively . The percentage of weight gain and central obesity of the waist circumference was27.0% ,24.1% for the first and second stages respectively. Either in femals, as follows:21.5%, 12.8% for the first and second stages respectively. There was an increasing in the percentages of systolic blood pressure among female for all stages of the study,which amounted to 60.3%,48.7% either in males was 70.4%,64.8%for the first and second stagesrespectively.The percentage of normal diastolic blood pressure was 54.5%49.0%for males, while infemales it was 72.5%,65.7% for the first and second stages respectively. Conclusion: The study showed high rates of overweight and obesity among middle school students, and was higher in females than males.
CBMS-NSF REGIONAL CONFERENCE SERIES IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS

Spectral Methods in Fluid DynamicsNumerical Methods for Partial Differential EquationsNumerical Analysis of Partial Differential EquationsNumerical analysis of spectral methods : theory and applicationsSpectral Methods And Their ApplicationsA Brief Introduction to Numerical AnalysisA First Course in the Numerical Analysis of Differential Equations South Asian EditionConvergence of Spectral Methods for Hyperbolic Initial-boundary Value SystemsReview of Some Approximation Operators for the Numerical Analysis of Spectral MethodsSpectral Methods in MATLABA Modified Spectral Method in Phase SpaceThe Birth of Numerical AnalysisSpectral Methods for Non-Standard Eigenvalue ProblemsPartial Differential EquationsNumerical Analysis of Spectral MethodsNumerical Analysis of Partial Differential Equations Using Maple and MATLABSpectral MethodsSpectral Methods for NonStandard Eigenvalue ProblemsAn Introduction to the Numerical Analysis of Spectral MethodsSpectral Methods in Time for Parabolic ProblemsSpectral Methods in Chemistry and PhysicsA First Course in the Numerical Analysis of Differential Equations South Asian EditionSummary of Research in Applied Mathematics, Numerical Analysis and Computer Science at the Institute for Computer Applications in Science and EngineeringNumerical AnalysisSpectral Methods for Compressible Flow ProblemsA First Course in the Numerical Analysis of Differential EquationsSummary of Research in Applied Mathematics, Numerical Analysis, and Computer SciencesA Theoretical Introduction to Numerical AnalysisNumerical AnalysisRiemann-Hilbert Problems, Their Numerical Solution, and the Computation of Nonlinear Special FunctionsSpectral MethodsSpectral Methods for Uncertainty QuantificationSpectral Methods and Their ApplicationsNumerical Analysis of Spectral Methods: Theory and ApplicatonsSpectral Methods for Incompressible Viscous FlowAdvances in Numerical Analysis: Nonlinear partial differential equations and dynamical systemsSpectral Methods Using Multivariate Polynomials on the Unit BallA First Course in the Numerical Analysis of Differential EquationsFundamentals of Engineering Numerical AnalysisSpectral Methods for Time-Dependent Problems
“Let me now answer, very directly, Marie’s question”

Prime Minister’s Questions (PMQs) in the UK attracts much criticism for the adversarial and occasional aggressive language on display. During his successful campaign for the leadership of the Labour Party, Jeremy Corbyn called for a “new kind of politics” (ITV 2015). One feature of his “new” approach, apparent during his early sessions as Leader of the Opposition, was to include questions to Prime Minister David Cameron sourced from members of the public. Although, subsequently, these “public questions” became less frequent, they provided an opportunity to compare their interactional effects with standard “non-public questions”. Arguably, the aim of this salient feature of corbyn’s approach to questioning Cameron was to redress the moral order of PMQs. We test this proposal via two measures of the PM’s responses: reply rate and personalisation. Results showed that Corbyn’s public questions did not enhance Cameron’s reply rate. However, whereas Cameron used significantly more personal attacks than Corbyn in response to non-public questions, the level of such attacks by the PM for public questions was as low as Corbyn’s, with no significant difference between them. In this latter regard, such an approach showed the potential to mitigate the ritualistic and customary verbal aggression of PMQs.
WHICH VARIABLES PREDICT INDONESIA'S INFLATION?

We use an exhaustive list of Indonesia’s macroeconomic variables in a comparative analysis to determine which predictor variables are most important in forecasting Indonesia’s inflation rate. We use monthly time-series data for 30 macroeconomic variables. Using both in-sample and out-of-sample predictability evaluations, we report consistent evidence of inflation rate predictability using 11 out of 30 macroeconomic variables.