Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CD4 T lymphocyte count and the radiographic presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis. A study of the relationship between these factors in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

BACKGROUND Pulmonary infection and tumor in the AIDS population has a variable clinical and radiographic presentation. The association between the radiographic presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis and CD4 T lymphocyte count in the HIV-infected patient is investigated in order to provide an empirical approach for early diagnosis, treatment, and isolation of infected subjects. METHODS A retrospective analysis of chest radiographs, CD4 T lymphocyte counts, and clinical history of 35 subjects from 3 urban hospitals was performed. All subjects were HIV-seropositive and had culture-proven pulmonary tuberculosis. Radiographs were evaluated for the presence of either a pattern characteristic of post-primary tuberculosis (typical pattern) or a pattern uncharacteristic of post-primary infection (atypical pattern). RESULTS Twenty-one of 26 subjects with a CD4 T lymphocyte count less than 0.20 x 10(9) cells/L, whereas only 1 of 9 subjects with a CD4 T lymphocyte count of 0.20 x 10(9) cells/L or more presented with an atypical pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis (p < 0.001). The mean CD4 T lymphocyte counts of those subjects presenting with atypical versus typical radiographic pattern of post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis were 0.069 x 10(9) cells/L (n = 22) and 0.323 x 10(9) cells/L (n = 13), respectively (p < 0.01). Twenty-one of the 22 subjects with an atypical radiographic pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis were significantly immunosuppressed (CD4 < 0.20 x 10(9) cells/L). Atypical radiographic pattern included diffuse and lower lobar opacities, pleural effusion, mediastinal adenopathy, interstitial nodules, and a normal chest radiograph. CONCLUSION AIDS patients presenting with CD4 count less than 0.20 x 10(9) cells/L and an atypical radiographic pattern for pulmonary tuberculosis are at risk for tuberculous infection requiring appropriate treatment and isolation until the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis has been excluded.
The Effect of Financial Flexibility on Financial Behavior of Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange

The flexibility plays an important role in making the managers powerful in the regard of investment in the future. The problems of the capital market have necessitated the maintenance of flexibility for the companies for the purpose of using profitable opportunities. The present research has aimed to study the effect of financial flexibility on the financial behavior. The statistic sample used in the present study consists of 100 companies accepted in Tehran stock exchange during the years 2009 to 2015. The financial flexibility and financial behavior are respectively the independent and dependent variables which were measured by the investment activity, dividend payout ratio, amount of cash holding and company value. The data analysis was done by the use of the multi-variable regression models based on the panel data techniques and the use of Eviews econometrics software. The results concluded from the study of effect of the financial flexibility on the financial behavior corresponding to the theoretical foundations which had meaningful and positive effects. Therefore, the hypothesis that the financial flexibility has positive and meaningful effects on the investment activity of the companies accepted in the stock exchange was confirmed. The other results of paper were that the financial flexibility had negative and meaningful effects on the dividend payout ratio. So, the hypothesis that the financial flexibility has negative and meaningful effects on the dividend payout ratio of the companies accepted in the stock exchange was not confirmed. The hypothesis that the financial flexibility has positive and meaningful effects on the amount of cash holding of the companies accepted in the stock exchange was not confirmed, because the effect of the flexibility on the amount of cash holding was not meaningful. Also, the hypothesis that the financial flexibility has positive and meaningful effects on the value of companies accepted in the stock exchange was confirmed.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI EMOSI POSITIF DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PEMBELIAN IMPULSIF PADA AIR ASIA INDONESIA

This research is motivated by low consumer interest (positive emotion) in the prices offered by Air Asia Indonesia, even though the prices offered by Air Asia Indonesia are lower compared to other airlines This study aims to show the effect of hedonic consumption and sales promotion on impulsive buying through positive emotions on Air Asia Indonesia Departure of Soekarnoo-Hatta Airport. The population in this study are users of Air Asia Indonesia are taken by using is a non-probability sampling where the samples used were 150 respondents. Data obtained from the questionnaire which are processed and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling through AMOS program. The results of the study found that the sales promotion and consumption hedonis have positive and significant effect on positive emotions, then positive emotions have a positive effect on impulsive buying. In addition, the two independent variables also have a positive and significant influence on Impulsive buying.
PENGARUH PROFESIONALISME, ETIKA PROFESI, INDEPENDENSI, MOTIVASI DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA AUDITOR INTERNAL (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA IV MEDAN)

Pengertian audit internal di atas tidak hanya mencakup peranan dan tujuan auditor internal, tetapi juga mengakomodasikan kesempatan dan tanggung jawab. Audit internal yaitu status aktivitas penilaian yang bebas atau independen dalam organisasi perusahaan untuk meneliti kembali dalam bidang akuntansi, keuangan dan bidang lain-lain sebagai dasar memberikan servis pada manajemen. Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh profesionalisme, etika profesi, indepedensi, motivasi dan komitmen organisasi terhadap auditor internal pada PT.Perkebunan Nusantara IV Medan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah auditor pada PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV Medan sebanyak 30 auditor. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 30 responden. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa: (1) profesionalisme berpengaruh terhadap kinerja auditor internal(2) etika profesi berpengaruh terhadap kinerja auditor internal; (3) indepedensi berpengaruh terhadap kinerja auditor internal; dan (4) motivasi berpengaruh terhadap kinerja auditor internal dan (5) komitmen organisasi berpengaruh terhadap kinerja auditor internal. Kata kunci: Profesionalisme, Etika Profesi, Independensi, Motivasi, Komitmen Organisasi, dan Kinerja Auditor Internal
Interleukin 15 mediates epithelial changes in celiac disease.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Villous atrophy and crypt proliferation are key epithelial features of untreated celiac disease. We tried to define whether cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-15, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-7, which share chains of their receptors, could influence the epithelial modifications. METHODS Duodenal biopsy specimens (14 treated and 13 untreated celiac patients, 7 controls) were cultured in vitro for 24 hours with or without gliadin (1 mg/mL), IL-15, IL-7, IL-4, or IL-2 (10 ng/mL). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma were also used in some specimens of untreated celiacs. Epithelial expression of Ki67, FAS, and transferrin receptor (TFR) was detected by immunohistochemistry, and apoptosis by TUNEL technique (percentage of positive enterocytes). IL-15-positive cells were detected by immunohistochemistry in celiac disease and control biopsy specimens; presence of IL-15 was also determined by semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Only IL-15 induced enterocyte expression of Ki67, TFR, and FAS in treated celiac (P<0.01 vs. medium) and enterocyte apoptosis in untreated celiac disease specimens. Anti-IL-15 monoclonal antibodies neutralized gliadin-induced enterocyte TFR and FAS expression in treated celiac and enterocyte apoptosis in untreated celiac disease specimens (P<0.05 vs. gliadin). IL-15-positive cells were increased in untreated celiacs (P<0.001 vs. treated celiacs and controls). CONCLUSIONS IL-15 is involved in the modulation of epithelial changes in celiac disease, indicating that this cytokine has an unforeseen role in the pathologic manifestations of celiac disease.
The Effects of Mergers and Acquisitions on Acquiring Banks’ Contribution to Systemic Risk

This paper is the first to examine the effects of international bank mergers and acquisitions on acquirers' contribution to systemic risk covering the period from 1998 to 2015. Our sample consists of 608 international bank mergers, involved domestic and cross-border deals as well as conglomerate and non-conglomerate mergers. Using the Marginal Expected Shortfall (as in Acharya et al., 2017) as well as Conditional Value-at-Risk (as in Adrian and Brunnermeier, 2016) as systemic risk measurements, we find that on average, mergers do not impact on the acquiring banks’ contribution to systemic risk regardless of the increased potential for risk diversification exhibited by cross-border and cross-industry bank mergers. Determinants that contributes to the decrease in acquirers’ systemic risk include product diversifying deals, deals conducted in a more concentrated banking system and a stable political environment. Whereas, for deals financed by cash only and much smaller compared to acquirers as well as involved private targets, acquirers' contribution to systemic risk increase after the merger.
Patient Access to Electronic Health Records: Strengths, weaknesses and what's needed to move forward

Abstract Electronic health records (EHRs) are desired by both physicians and patients, but the transition to and acceptance of sensitive health information online has been slow. This paper reviews the current literature on EHR adoption and outlines barriers, advantages and explicit steps for moving toward the EHR ubiquity. Potential benefits of EHRs to patients and physicians include reduced costs for patients, hospitals and insurance providers, patient empowerment, less errors in records and better health outcomes, but security and privacy concerns, cost of implementation and poor electronic records management system design have proved barriers to adoption.
Greek academics' intention to migrate during financial crisis: A moderated mediation model

Amidst financial crisis in Greece, migration seems to have become an alternative for highly skilled individuals who wish to develop their career. As such, the purpose of this study is to examine the intention of academics to leave Greece. In doing so, we incorporate work overload as a predictor and we highlight both the mediating role of a novel construct, that is thriving, and organisational tenure as a moderator of this indirect relationship. Data were collected from 273 academics employed in a large public university of Greece. Results offered support to our hypotheses showing that thriving mediated the relationship between work overload and intention to leave Greece and, further, this indirect effect is contingent on organisational tenure.
Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Bovine SubClinical Mastitis

Mastitis is a common disease in dairy cows. The majority of the cases are subclinical, and many of those are due to infection with coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). CNS is a heterogeneous group of bacteria consisting of a large number of different species, but limited information is available on the epidemiology of mastitis due to these species. The overall aim of the thesis was to improve the knowledge on prevalence and significance of different CNS species in connection with sub-clinical mastitis in dairy cows. In the first study, the epidemiology of CNS species, i.e. ability to induce persistent intra-mammary infections (IMI), and association with milk production, SCC, parity and month of lactation, was studied in dairy herds with problems due to sub-clinical CNS mastitis. The most commonly isolated CNS species were S. epidermidis, S. simulans, S. chomogenes, S. xylosus and S. haemolyticus. Persistent IMI were common in quarters infected with S. chromogenes, S. epidermidis and S. simulans. The results did not indicate differences between these CNS species in their association with daily milk production, cow SCC, and month of lactation. S. epidermidis was mainly found in multiparous cows, and S. chromogenes in primiparous cows. The second study concentrated on S. epidermidis by investigating possible transmission of S. epidermidis from milkers to cows, the discriminatory capacity of the sub-typing methods used and the clonal diversity within unrelated bovine S. epidermidis strains. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis had high discriminatory power and showed that many different S. epidermidis types exist in bovine milk samples. Identical isolates were found in samples from the milker’s skin and in milk samples. As dairy cows are not a natural host for S. epidermidis the results suggest a human source of these udder infections.
The Association Between Parent Worry and Young Children's Social-Emotional Functioning

Objective: Behavioral health problems are reported to affect as many as 24% of children younger than 4 years. Screening within primary care settings remains low. Brief, inexpensive methods to identify children are needed. The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which parent worry about their children's behavior and development is associated with social-emotional problems. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 378 Spanish and English speaking mothers of 12- to 48-month-old, underserved children were surveyed before a well-child visit with the Brief Infant-Toddler Social-Emotional Assessment. This is a parent-report measure that was scored to identify clinically significant (CS) social-emotional problems (≥85th percentile) and at-risk (AR) problems (75th–84th percentile). Parents rated their worry about their children's behavior and social-emotional development on 3 questions. Results: A total of 42.1% of children had AR or CS problems or low social competence, with 19.8% of these children having CS problems. Overall, 30.4% of parents expressed worry about social-emotional/behavioral issues. A total of 19.9% of parents expressed worry despite having rated their child's behavior in the normal range on the Brief Infant-Toddler Social-Emotional Assessment. Worry was significantly associated with having either AR or CS problems. However, worry significantly distinguished the CS group, but not the AR group, from the normal group. Parent worry regarding behavior and social-emotional development approached adequate sensitivity (66.7%) to identify children CS problems with specificity being 78.6%. Parent worry, however, was not adequately sensitive in detecting AR problems. Ethnic differences indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of worry to detect CS behavior and social-emotional problems were excellent in Hispanic families, but sensitivity was poor in African-American ones. Among parents with low educational attainment, sensitivity to detect CS behavior and social-emotional problems was excellent. Conclusions: Parent worry regarding social-emotional/behavioral issues may be a useful adjunct to developmental surveillance, as it identifies children with the most significant behavioral and social-emotional problems. However, as a screening method to identify all young children with social-emotional problems, parent worry does not currently achieve acceptable classification.
PENGARUH LABELISASI HALAL, HARGA DAN KUALITAS PRODUK TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN MELALUI KEPUSAN PELANGGAN (Studi pada Konsumen Kosmetik Sariayu di Kota Semarang)

The cosmetics industry in Indonesia is currently growing rapidly. Cosmetics is an alternative choice that can be used by consumers to meet the secondary needs and to beautify themselves. Sariayu is one of the products that have been labeled halal. With the diverse selection of cosmetic products in Indonesia provides an opportunity for consumers to evaluate and choose which products to buy that ultimately trigger the occurrence of brand switching. The purpose of this study is to examine the direct and indirect effects of halal labeling, price, product quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. This type of research is explanatory research, with a sample of 100 female respondents in Semarang city who use cosmetic products at least one year. Sampling technique using p urposive sampling. Were collected through questionnaires. Data analysis method used by Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis, mediation / intervening test by using Variance Accounted For (VAF) and Fit Model Indicator by using WarpPLS 6.0 Application. Based on the results of calculation analysis WarpPLS can be explained that the results of direct impact test between halal labeling, price, product quality to customer satisfaction in this research model showed the results of positive and significant influence. The result of direct impact test between halal labeling, price, product quality and customer satisfaction to customer loyalty in this research model show result of positive and significant effect. The result of indirect effect test between halal labeling, price and product quality to customer loyalty through customer satisfaction also show the result of positive and significant influence. The influence of customer satisfaction as the mediating variable in this research model is parsial mediation. Suggestions include improving the quality of the product to make the durability of cosmetics more durable, keep innovating related product packaging to be more attractive and able to protect the product well.
2B4 (CD244) Signaling by Recombinant Antigen-specific Chimeric Receptors Costimulates Natural Killer Cell Activation to Leukemia and Neuroblastoma Cells

Purpose: Novel natural killer (NK) cell–directed strategies in cancer immunotherapy aim at specifically modulating the balance between NK cell receptor signals toward tumor-specific activation. The signaling lymphocyte activation molecule–related receptor 2B4 (CD244) is an important regulator of NK cell activation. We investigated whether 2B4-enhanced activation signals can redirect the cytolytic function of human NK cells to NK cell–resistant and autologous leukemia and tumor targets. Experimental Design: In vitro–stimulated NK cells from healthy donors and pediatric leukemia patients were gene modified with CD19 or GD2-specific chimeric receptors containing either the T-cell receptor ζ or 2B4 endodomain alone or combined. Results: Chimeric 2B4 signaling alone failed to induce interleukin-2 receptor up-regulation and cytokine secretion but triggered a specific degranulation response. Integration of the 2B4 endodomain into T-cell receptor ζ chimeric receptors significantly enhanced all aspects of the NK cell activation response to antigen-expressing leukemia or neuroblastoma cells, including CD25 up-regulation, secretion of IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α, release of cytolytic granules, and growth inhibition, and overcame NK cell resistance of autologous leukemia cells while maintaining antigen specificity. Conclusion: These data indicate that the 2B4 receptor has a potent costimulatory effect in NK cells. Antigen-specific 2B4ζ-expressing NK cells may be a powerful new tool for adoptive immunotherapy of leukemia and other malignancies.
Cash Matching Contributions in 401(k) Plans.

This study examines the determinants of employer’s cash matching policy in 401(k) plans from the perspective of corporate cash holdings. Based on a sample of 754 401(k) plans during the period 2000-2004, this study has several findings. First, firms with more cash and marketable securities, with a lower probability of financial distress, and with the worse investment opportunities are more likely to match their participants’ contributions by cash in 401(k) plans. Second, firms with volatile stock return prefer the cash matching policy to company-stock matching policy, a finding consistent with the argument of “lawsuit avoidance. ” Third, firms with a high dividend payout policy tend to implement a company-stock matching policy since dividend payment may crowd out the cash available to 401(k) plans. As for the contribution decisions of employees, factors significantly and positively affecting employees’ contribution rates include: the presence of an employer’s match, especially matching by cash, the firm’s growth opportunity, corporate dividend payment, stock return performance, and the autonomy that employees can change their investment arbitrarily. JEL Classification: G23; G32; J26
Requirements For Decision Enhancement For Poultry Farmers: A Case Of East Africa

Because of agriculture? s direct link to global food security, it is strategically important. This research recognizes the importance of a paradigm shift from subsistence to commercial agriculture for East Africa to advance this strategic importance. This shift has particularly had significant impact on the poultry industry. In East Africa, commercial poultry farming has steadily taken root over the last decade albeit the challenge of inadequate farm management competences among farmers which has been aggravated by lack of systems and approaches to enhance effective and efficient decision making among poultry farmers in the region. The focus of this study therefore is how decision processes of poultry farmers can be enhanced so that they are able to efficiently monitor and manage their operations as they seek to take advantage of the trend of commercialisation of the poultry industry. This paper explores the decision making practices of poultry farmers with an aim of enhancing these decisions for improved productivity of poultry farms in the region. The key research question this study seeks to address is: How can decision making among poultry farmers in East Africa be enhanced?
Surface crystallization of supercooled water in clouds

The process by which liquid cloud droplets homogeneously crystallize into ice is still not well understood. The ice nucleation process based on the standard and classical theory of homogeneous freezing initiates within the interior volume of a cloud droplet. Current experimental data on homogeneous freezing rates of ice in droplets of supercooled water, both in air and emulsion oil samples, show considerable scatter. For example, at −33°C, the reported volume-based freezing rates of ice in supercooled water vary by as many as 5 orders of magnitude, which is well outside the range of measurement uncertainties. Here, we show that the process of ice nucleus formation at the air (or oil)-liquid water interface may help to explain why experimental results on ice nucleation rates yield different results in different ambient phases. Our results also suggest that surface crystallization of ice in cloud droplets can explain why low amounts of supercooled water have been observed in the atmosphere near −40°C.
A message-level monitoring protocol for QoS flows in NoCs

This work proposes a traffic monitoring scheme to be applied to NoCs. Current schemes transmit monitoring traffic to one or more MSA (Monitoring Service Access Point), and such MSAs are responsible to take some action, as task migration and fault detection. The proposed monitoring method is flow-oriented, i.e, it works at the message-level, and traffic congestion is evaluated all along the source-target path. It can be applied to different adaptation methods as adaptive routing, task migration and dynamic task mapping. Traffic information of QoS flows is stored in tables located at each router. Traffic initiators indicate the routers of the QoS flow path that should be monitored. MSAs are placed in targets of QoS traffic, and notify to the traffic source the occurrence of congestion. DATA packets are used to transmit both application data and monitoring traffic. Presented results evaluate the method in terms of area overhead, and precision/reactivity to congestion events, associated to an adaptive source routing algorithm.