Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved Automatic Text Simplification by Manual Training

The purpose of this thesis was the further development of a rule set used in an automatic text simplification system, and the exploration of whether it is possible to improve the performance of a rule based text simplification system by manual training. A first rule set was developed from a thor- ough literature review, and the rule refinement was performed by manually adapting the first rule set to a set of training texts. When there was no more change added to the set of rules, the training was considered to be completed, and the two sets were applied to a test set, for evaluation. This thesis evaluated the performance of a text simplification system as a clas- sification task, by the use of objective metrics: precision and recall. The comparison of the rule sets revealed a clear improvement of the system, since precision increased from 45% to 82%, and recall increased from 37% to 53%. Both recall and precision was improved after training for the ma- jority of the rules, with a few exceptions. All rule types resulted in a higher score on correctness for R2. Automatic text simplification systems target- ing real life readers need to account for qualitative aspects, which has not been considered in this thesis. Future evaluation should, in addition to quantitative metrics such as precision, recall, and complexity metrics, also account for the experience of the reader.
3hBAC (3-hop between adjacent clusterheads): a novel non-overlapping clustering algorithm for mobile ad hoc networks

The clustering protocol of an ad hoc network is always with interest. In this paper, we present a novel non-overlapping clustering algorithm, 3-hop between adjacent clusterheads (3hBAC), which can decrease the number of clusters without loss of connection information. In the cluster maintenance phase, we combine 3hBAC with least cluster change (LCC) algorithm to further decrease the cluster change and to extend average clusterhead time and membership time. The performances of 3hBAC are compared with highest-connectivity clustering (HCC), random competition-based clustering (RCC) in terms of average number of clusters, average clusterhead time and average membership time. 3hBAC outperforms HCC and RCC in both the cluster formation and maintenance phase.
Co-design of Innovations with Teachers: Definition and Dynamics

Researchers in the learning sciences have explored a collaborative approach to developing innovations that fit into real classroom contexts. Co-design relies on teachers' ongoing involvement with design of educational innovations. To date, investigators have described the application and results of co-design, but have not defined the process nor explored how it plays out over time. In this paper, we define co-design, suggest seven key process components, and use data from interviews to illustrate how dynamic tensions in the process can unfold over time.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN BELA NEGARA DALAM MEMBENTUK KECERDASAN SOSIAL DI SMK PENERBANGAN KARTIKA AQASA BHAKTI SEMARANG

Kecerdasan sosial merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam pembentukan kepribadian peserta didik sebagai bekal menuju kedewasaan dan melalui pendidikan bela negara kecerdasan sosial siswa dibentuk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis implementasi pendidikan bela negara dalam membentuk kecerdasan sosial siswa. Penelitian didalamnya yaitu: (1) mengetahui dan menganalisis implementasi pendidikan bela negara; (2) mengetahui dan menganalisis upaya membentuk kecerdasan sosial siswa dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan bela negara; (3) mengetahui dan menganalisis kendala yang dihadapi dan solusi yang dilakukan sekolah dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan bela negara dalam upaya membentuk kecerdasan sosial siswa. Implementasi pendidikan bela negara yang dianalisis terdiri dari kegiatan pendidikan calon siswa, kegiatan pembaretan, pencerahan, kegiatan kenaikan pangkat, kegiatan pendidikan pra OJT dan berbagai kegiatan di sekolah. Pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Sumber data diperoleh dari kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah bidang kurikulum, wakil kepala sekolah bidang kesiswaan, instruktur, guru BK, guru PKn, dan siswa. Teknik keabsahan data untuk menjamin adanya kredibilitas data dilakukan dengan cara triangulasi sumber yaitu membandingkan dan mengecek balik derajat kepercayaan dengan waktu dan alat yang berbeda untuk memperoleh keabsahan data dari informan yang lain. Sedangkan metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analisis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi pendidikan bela negara diterapkan ke dalam intra kurikuler, ekstra kurikuler dan kultur sekolah. Semangat jiwa korsa dalam pendidikan bela negara yang diterapkan untuk membentuk kecerdasan sosial siswa memunculkan fanatik dalam memahami kebersamaan. Perkelahian, dan saling meremehkan kelompok lain dalam hubungan sosial masih terjadi. Hal ini dapat mengurangi nilai kecerdasan sosial. Kendala yang dihadapi sekolah dalam menerapkan pendidikan bela negara untuk membentuk kecerdasan sosial siswa adalah kurangnya komunikasi dan perhatian orangtua serta karakter siswa yang dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan sebelumnya. Selain itu, kurangnya kemampuan guru untuk menjadi instruktur menjadi hambatan dalam menjalankan kegiatan di sekolah. Pendidikan bela negara yang dilakukan secara terintegrasi dalam setiap kegiatan di sekolah juga telah menjadi rutinitas dan ciri khas sekolah tersebut.
Interviewer Questions and Content Analysis of Children's Statements of Sexual Abuse

Effects of forensic interview techniques on the production of free-narrative and Criteria-Based Content Analysis (CBCA) criteria were assessed in police interviews with 48 children (ages 3 to 16) who alleged they had been sexually abused. These allegations were later categorized as confirmed (n = 35) or highly doubtful (n = 13) based on information obtained independent of the statements. Two raters independently coded all interviewer utterances and children's responses, and four other raters evaluated the transcripts for the presence of CBCA content criteria. As predicted, open questions yielded more free narrative and CBCA criteria than other types of questions. Confirmed statements of abuse contained more CBCA criteria than highly doubtful statements, and statements made by older children contained more CBCA criteria than those by younger children. The results support the use of open questions for eliciting free narrative and the use of CBCA to assess the validity of children's allegations of sexual abuse.
Data structures and program design in C

1. Programming Principles. 2. Introduction to Stacks. 3. Queues. 4. Linked Stacked and Queues. 5. Recursion. 6. Lists and Strings. 7. Searching. 8. Sorting. 9. Tables and Information Retrieval. 10. Binary Trees. 11. Multiway Trees. 12. Graphs. 13. Case Study: The Polish Notation. Appendix A: Mathematical Methods. Appendix B: Random Numbers. Appendix C: Packages and Utility Functions. Appendix D: Programming Precepts, Pointers, and Pitfalls. Index.
Teaching content reading and writing

CHAPTER 1: Literacy in Middle and Secondary Schools. CHAPTER 2: Literacy and Language Processes: Thinking, Reading, and Writing in First and Second Languages. CHAPTER 3: Evaluating Instructional Materials. CHAPTER 4: Comprehension Instruction in Content Areas. CHAPTER 5: Vocabulary Learning in Content Areas. CHAPTER 6: Teaching Bilingual/Bicultural Students in Multilingual/ Multicultural Settings. CHAPTER 7: Reading Across the Curriculum. CHAPTER 8: Writing Across The Curriculum. CHAPTER 9: Assessment of Student Progress in Subject Area Reading and Writing. CHAPTER 10: Diversity in the Classroom: Meeting the Needs of All Students. CHAPTER 11: Content Learning, Collaboration, and Literacy. CHAPTER 12: Developing Lifelong Readers and Writers. Index.
Integration of UPC-UAB Fast Solvers into the Antenna Simulation Software of UNEX-UPM, KUL, UPV and EPFL ACE Partners

Software integration between Antennas Centre of Excellence (ACE) partners is one of the main activities of the Antenna Software Initiative (ASI) work package. This paper will present the results of integrating the CBD fast direct solver for large systems of equations, developed at UPC AntennaLab, into the antenna simulation codes of UPM- UNEX, KUL, UPV and EPFL ACE partners. A non-ACE group (UAB) is closely cooperating with UPC in the development of fast solvers. (5 pages)
Dual Language Development and Disorders: A Handbook on Bilingualism and Second Language Learning

As more and more dual language learners enter the school system, now's the ideal time for this second edition of the bestselling textbook - essential for preparing SLPs and educators to work with young children who are bilingual or learning a second language. This comprehensive, student-friendly text takes the popular first edition to the next level, enriching it with 6 years of new research and the latest guidance on best practices. Dispelling the many myths about dual language development, the expert authors arm future professionals with the information they need to support young bilingual children and their families, all while meeting Head Start's guidelines on cultural and linguistic responsiveness. Preservice professionals will get a solid foundation of knowledge to help them address reading impairments in dual language learners (NEW CHAPTER! ) minimize barriers to language development in internationally adopted children (NEW CHAPTER! ) give children continuous, consistent, and rich exposure to both languages recognize the typical stages of second-language learning determine when a language delay is the result of an actual disorder prevent attrition of the child's first language make appropriate decisions about the schooling of dual language learners understand code mixing and successfully factor it into language assessments apply effective assessment strategies to accurately diagnose language impairments plan interventions that are culturally appropriate and respect the child's identity address parents' concerns and help them support their child's development in both languages Undergraduate and graduate students will also benefit from detailed profiles of dual language learners, definitions of key terms, and summary sections that juxtapose key points with their implications for effective practice. With the clear information in this state-of-the-art textbook--also a valuable resource for in-practice SLPs and educators--professionals will be ready to make informed decisions that help young dual language learners thrive, both at home and in the classroom. Dual Language Development & Disorders is a part of the Communication and Language Intervention Series.
Agents with faces : a study on the effects of personification of software agents

It is still an open question whether software agents should be personified in the interface. In order to study the effects of faces and facial expressions in the interface, a series of experiments was conducted to compare subjects' responses to and evaluation of different faces and facial expressions. The experimental results obtained demonstrate that: 1) personified interfaces help users engage in a task, and are well suited for an entertainment domain. 2) people's impressions of a face in a task are different from ones of the face in isolation. Perceived intelligence of a face is determined not by the agent's appearance but by its competence. 3) there is a dichotomy between user groups which have opposite opinions about personification. Thus, agent-based interfaces should be flexible to support the diversity of users' preferences and nature of tasks. Thesis Supervisor: Pattie Maes Title: Associate Professor of Media Technology This research was supported by Apple computer and British Telecom.
Philosophy and Logical Syntax

'My endeavour in these pages is to explain the main features of the method of philosophizing which we, the Vienna Circle, use, and by using try to develop further. It is the method of the logical analysis of science, or more precisely, of the syntactical analysis of scientific language. The purpose of the book -- as of the lectures -- is to give a first impression of our method and of the direction of our questions and investigations to those who are not yet acquainted with them. ' -- From the Preface.
Cache behavior in the presence of speculative execution: The benefits of misprediction

Cache performance analysis is becoming increasingly important in microprocessor design. This work examines the effect of mispredicted-path memory references on cache performance and proposes a new algorithm to prefetch instruction cache lines. The first cache study describes the effects of deep speculation on data cache miss rates and memory traffic. The major result was that traffic is only slightly increased by speculation--less than 15% for most SPEC benchmarks even when executing 50 instructions down a mispredicted path. Cache misses are not significantly increased because the mispredicted paths references act as prefetch operations for later correct path references. The latter result led to the development of a new instruction cache prefetching algorithm called wrong-path prefetching. Using trace-driven simulation, wrong-path prefetching was found to offer higher performance than other prefetching algorithms at an equivalent or lower hardware cost. The algorithm reduced CPU cycle time by up to 16% in current-generation cache configurations. While prefetching does increase bus traffic, reallocating hardware resources to increase bus bandwidth in conjunction with the use of a prefetch scheme is shown to reduce the required cache size by up to a factor of 4 with only a minor increase in bus utilization. It is also shown that prefetching algorithms become even more effective (over 20% cycle reduction) on next-generation microprocessors characterized by long memory latencies, high IPC rates, and multiple memory ports. An analytical cache model is extended to predict the miss rates of a prefetched cache. The accuracy of the model verifies the behavior of the prefetch algorithms. The work also includes a survey of instrumentation programs which are used to gather execution traces for trace-driven performance simulation. The different approaches to designing the tools as well as the problems encountered when building them are discussed. Two instrumentation tools, IDtrace and spex, which were built for the Intel Architecture, are described in detail.
High-speed implementation of JBIG arithmetic coder

A high-speed architecture of the JBIG arithmetic coder is devised, which is dedicated to digital copying systems. Since the JBIG algorithm has a complicated procedure, it is hard to exploit pipeline and parallel facilities. This paper settles the issue arising in a pipelined architecture by employing a modified probability estimation table (MPET) and realizes a high speed architecture. In addition, the division of critical computations into two stages also contributes to achieving high speed coding. The proposed architecture of the JBIG arithmetic coder and decoder is synthesized from a Verilog description by using a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS library, and is compared with the conventional architecture. As a result the critical path delay of the proposed architecture has been reduced by 60%.
MPI TR-054

We studied the visual features that support e cient entry-level object recognition by measuring naming latencies for di erent views of artifacts and four-legged animals that were shown as shaded images or as silhouettes. Experiment 1 revealed important di erences in performance for the two renderings. Although three-quarter views of animals were recognized relatively quickly when shaded, they were not recognized quickly when presented as silhouettes. The same was true of artifacts when they were seen from the back. Experiment 2 used idealobserver analyses to con rm that these e ects could not be accounted for by di erences in the intrinsic complexity of the stimuli. Together, these ndings indicate that, for human observers, the shape of an object's bounding contour does not serve as a direct visual coding of the object, although it might be used as a rst index into visual memory. These results also indicate that shading is important for recognizing objects in certain views. It remains unclear, however, what features are provided by shading. Shading might be used to derive a more precise part-based description of the object, or it might be used to extract surface properties or distinctive features and their spatial relations that are themselves elements of a view-based description of the object.
AN EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON OF AN INTRINSICALLY PROGRAMMED TEXT AND A NARRATIVE TEXT.

Abstract : The study compared three methods of instruction in binary and octal arithmetic, i.e., (1) Norman Crowder's branched programed text, The Arithmetic of Computers, (2) another version of this text modified so that subjects could not see the instructional material while answering 'branching' questions, and (3) a narrative text version presenting the same content material. The principal behavioral measure was relative performance on a pre- and posttraining criterion test. The results indicated that prohibiting visual contact with instructional material while answering questions significantly increased the number of erroneous alternatives selected by the subjects, but did not significantly alter the amount of learning manifested nor the time necessary to complete training. The programed instructional methods resulted in significantly greater improvement on the criterion test than was attained by using the narrative text. The time to complete instruction was significantly less with the narrative text version of the material. Although, in general, less informational content was imparted with the narrative text, the study time necessary per unit improvement was significantly less with that version. Records were kept of the number of 'wrong answer' branches taken by the subjects receiving instruction via the branched programs. Only about 6% of the total possible 'wrong' branches were actually taken. This suggests that branched programing may be wasteful by virtue of providing a quantity of material that is never studied. (Author)
Managing student expectations

Taylor and Francis PSP_A_478135. gm 10.1080/13603101003776135 Perspectives 360-3108 (pri t)/1460-7018 (online) 2 1 & Francis 4 0 0 00 pril 2010 Gl nJones g.r jones@ki gs on.ac. uk Introduction Since 2006 students have been paying top-up tuition fees and there has been much discussion in the sector about their impact on higher education institutions (HEIs). One of the main effects has been the frequently cited notion of the student as a fee-paying customer, seeking greater value for money not only for their fees but also for their overall student experience. As we are now in the fourth year of top-up tuition fees, it is an appropriate time to assess how HEIs are responding to a more ‘consumerist’ orientated environment.
Organisational Structure for Mathematical Modelling

The effects of reading comprehension on the mathematical-modelling problem-solving process is yet unresolved. This paper reports on a study conducted with two classes of year four students. It investigated the extent to which a literary organisational structuring strategy: top-level structure, may change students' engagement in mathematical modelling. Mathematical-modelling problems require students to negotiate various texts as they negotiate the problem-solving process to learn mathematical skills. The strategy of top-level structuring aids students to structurally organise textual information, and to elicit and recall the main idea of texts. This research illustrated that top-level structuring can make a difference to young students’ mathematical-modelling outcomes to some degree. Further in-depth research on the issues raised here is warranted.
Morphosyntax of two Turkish subject pronominal paradigms

Turkish exhibits two different sets of subject ‘agreement markers’ which show different morphosyntactic behavior from each other. It is argued here that one set of these markers are morphological suffixes while the other set are enclitics. This synchronic analysis is supported by diachronic facts which indicate that the agreement markers analyzed as suffixes have been suffixes throughout the reconstructible history of Turkic, while the agreement markers analyzed as clitics are more recent developments from reduced pronouns. A formal analysis of how these two sets of agreement markers are employed on Turkish verbs is developed within Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG).
Characterization of YouTube Video Streaming Traffic

Online digital videos have made a revolutionary evolution since the social networking sites such as YouTube and Hulu have emerged. These websites facilitate video accessable and only a click away. Ever increasing internet traffic and a very significant increase in the use of videos in social networking has led to the problem of network congestion. Consequently, it becomes essential and imperative to analyze the traffic flow and comprehend how it is being delivered from the server. If the flow of traffic is analyzed appropriately and if the analysis methodology is understood properly, the service providers can understand the reasons for network congestion and avoid them. Given the context, a few research studies have thrown light on video delivery procedure of YouTube with emphasis on methodology. A few other works have examined the location of video storage and the strategy involved in sending the video packets, yet the packet delivery strategy for different types of videos (based on popularity) has not been explained in detail. The present research fills this gap. This research explores the origin of the source of the video and the exact strategy being followed by YouTube in delivering popular and non-popular videos. This thesis also discusses the analysis methodology of packet delivery in detail.
Adaptive particle swarm optimization using information about global best

The Particle Swarm Optimization method is one of the most powerful optimization methods available for solving global optimization problems. However, knowledge of adaptive strategies for tuning the parameters of the method for application to large‐scale nonlinear nonconvex optimization problems is as yet limited. This paper describes an adaptive strategy for tuning the parameters of the PSO method based on some numerical analysis of the behavior of PSO. The proposed adaptive tuning strategy is based on self‐tuning of the parameters of PSO, which utilizes the information about the frequency of an updated global best of a swarm. The feasibility and advantages of the proposed adaptive PSO algorithm are demonstrated through some numerical simulations using three different typical global optimization test problems. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 159(4): 38– 46, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20487