Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ASSOCIATION FOR CONSUMER RESEARCH

This paper explores multiple selves and their inconsistent consumption preferences among East-Asians. The findings from 28 depth-interviews in Japan illustrate that East-Asians, contrary to Westerners, experience less psychological tension facing their inconsistent consumption preferences. They therefore have less need to find an agreement among inconsistencies. Dialectical thinking theory is employed to understand cultural differences towards contradictions. East Asian cultures tend to more tolerate psychological contradiction, whereas Western cultures are less comfortable with contradiction. Our research also suggests the absence of consumers’ need for a coherent identity narrative in Japan, whereas in Western cultures, particularly in North America, consumers seek to reconcile identity contradictions. From the childhood, Japanese learn to shift between multiple selves. This norm is called kejime, the ability to make distinctions. Hence, Japanese consumers are culturally accustomed to shifting among multiple selves than to pursuing a consistent global self-concept. Today, it has become common to view consumers’ selves as involving multiplicity (Gergen 1981; Markus and Wurf 1987). We now have a great deal of information and choices about who we want to be. Multiple selves often involve inconsistent views and affect consumer behavior. Hence, many consumer studies have examined multiple selves and consumption (e.g., Ahuvia 2005; Bahl and Milne 2010; Firat and Shultz 2001; Firat and Venkatesh 1995; Schenk and Holman 1980; Schouten 1991; Tian and Belk 2005). Yet, little attention has been focused on the issue of whether the findings apply to consumers around the globe. Although consumers from different cultures may vary in their response to inconsistent consumption preferences, the majority of research has been conducted in the U.S. Indeed, recent studies in cultural psychology have identified that cultures differ in the tolerance towards contradiction (Peng and Nisbett 1999). More particularly, East Asian cultures tend to more tolerate psychological contradiction (Spencer-Rodgers, Williams, and Peng 2010), whereas Western cultures are less comfortable with contradiction (Festinger 1957; Lewin 1951). In this article, we explore the various implications of multiple selves and consumption among Japanese. This article is organized as follows. In the first section, we review the existing literature on the multiple selves and consumption; then we discuss synthetic versus dialectical thinking. In the second section, we describe our methodology used in this study. In the third section, based on the data gathered from the Japanese participants, we argue that Japanese consumers experience no significant psychological tension facing own inconsistent consumption preferences. In the fourth section, we discuss our findings. Finally in the fifth section, we provide limitations in our study and suggestions for future
On Transitioning From Type-! to Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Systems

Capturing the uncertainty arising from system noise has been a core feature of fuzzy logic systems (FLSs) for many years. This paper builds on previous work and explores the methodological transition of type-l (Tl) to interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2 FSs) for given "levels" of uncertainty. Specifically, we propose to transition from Tl to IT2 FLSs through varying the size of the Footprint Of Uncertainty (FOU) of their respective FSs while maintaining the original FS shape (e.g., triangular) and keeping the size of the FOU over the FS as constant as possible. The latter is important as it enables the systematic relating of FOU size to levels of uncertainty and vice versa, while the former enables an intuitive comparison between the Tl and T2 FSs. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through a series of experiments using the well-known Mackey-Glass (MG) time series prediction problem. The results are compared with the results of the IT2 FS creation method introduced in [1] which follows a similar methodology as the proposed approach but does not maintain the membership function (MF) shape.
Collaborative Learning and Social Creativity : A Case Study of Fashion Design

There is an increasing volume of literature theorizing on how social creativity can be fostered in the Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) environment, however, a scant amount of research has been actually carried out to investigate how the dynamics and creative cognitive processes taking place in the CSCL environment create communities of design. The scarcity of readily usable instruments to determine whether students engage in social creativity in a CSCL environment and if so, to what extent, has prompted this study to derive an analytical framework for tracking the effects of the creative processes upon the design community. With reference to the social, situated, distributed nature of social creativity, a self-devised instrument based on the Activity Theory (Engestrom, 1987) is established for understanding creativity in the context of computer supported collaborations. It can be understood as a set of three phases that occur with relation to collaborative creative processes, namely: exploration/clarification (phase I), negotiation and argumentation (phase II), and evidence of evolution and redesign (phase III). Based on the Activity System Model of Engestrom (1987), a content analysis scheme is proposed in which the analytical framework of subject-community-object triad, subject-community-roles triad, and subject-community-tool triad will investigate the inter-relationship among the interactivity, creativity presence, and social presence within a CSCL community. Findings confirmed that there was a strong interrelationship between the quality of collaborative creative process in terms of provision of informal ongoing peer feedback and the quality of social creativity fostered. Results confirmed that high levels of social presence with good quality of peer feedbacks were necessary to support the creative process in an intrinsically rewarding design community. The affective roles played by the peers were found to be particularly significant in building up the supportive and collegial interpersonal relationships to encourage open negotiation and argumentation in creative dialogues which was the core element promoting re-design and cocreation of new design. Self evaluation on the effectiveness of the self-derived investigative instruments was conducted with recommendations for future work given, and methodological limitations of this study were explored as well.
Muscle wasting with age : a new challenge in nutritional care ; part 1 – the underlying factor Ageing and taste

Taste perception has been studied frequently in young and older adult groups. This paper systematically reviews these studies to determine the effect of ageing on taste perception and establish the reported extent of sensory decline. Five databases were searched from 1900 to April 2012. Articles relating to healthy ageing in human subjects were included, reviewed and rated (Downs and Black scoring system). Sixty-nine studies investigated the effect of ageing on taste perception; forty examined detection thresholds of which twenty-three provided sufficient data for meta-analysis, eighteen reported identification thresholds and twenty-five considered supra-threshold intensity perception. Researchers investigating detection thresholds considered between one and thirteen taste compounds per paper. Overall, the consensus was that taste detection thresholds increased with age (Hedges’ g = 0 . 91, P <0 . 001), across all taste modalities. Identification thresholds were reported to be higher for older adults in seventeen out of eighteen studies. Sixteen out of twenty-five studies reported perception of taste intensity at supra-threshold levels to be significantly lower for older adults. However, six out of nine studies concerning sucrose found perceived intensity of sweet taste not to diminish with age. The findings of this systematic review suggest taste perception declines during the healthy ageing process, although the extent of decline varies between studies. Overall, the studies reviewed had low Downs and Black scores (mean 16 (SD 2)) highlighting the need for more robust large scale and longitudinal studies monitoring the impact of ageing on the sensory system, and how this influences the perception of foods and beverages.
Algoritma Bellman-Ford Untuk Menentukan Jalur Tercepat Dalam Sistem Informasi Geografis

Abstract In a large city, there are many congestion problems, so the selection of the fastest route to reach the destination is needed. The city of Bandung is one of the big cities in Indonesia which has a fairly crowded traffic density and tends to be a lot of congestion in it. So we need a study that can discuss the path of independence. In the study to determine the shortest path there are several algorithm options to solve it. This research was conducted using the Bellman Ford algorithm to try to solve the problem of selecting the fastest path. The case that will be focused on in this study covers the route that starts from Ir. H. Juanda street and ends at the Leuwipanjang bus terminal. The road node that will be passed is taken from several main points that will be passed. Calculation of coordinates will be calculated using the concept of graph and haversine formula. The impact of this research is that it can be known the fastest path needed using the Bellman Ford algorithm. Keywords: Algoritm, Bellman Ford, Graph, Haversine Formula, Shortest Path. Abstrak Dalam sebuah kota besar saat ini banyak sekali permasalahan kemacetan, maka dibutuhkan pemilihan rute jalan yang tercepat untuk mencapai tujuan. Kota Bandung merupakan salah satu kota besar di Indonesia yang memiliki kepadatan lalu lintas cukup ramai dan cenderung banyak terjadi kemacetan didalamnya. Maka diperlukan sebuah penelitian yang dapat membahas mengenai jalur tependek. Dalam kajian untuk menentukan jalur terpendek terdapat beberapa pilihan algoritma untuk menyelesaikannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan algoritma Bellman Ford untuk mencoba menyelesaikan masalah pemilihan jalur tercepat. Kasus yang akan difokuskan dalam penelitian ini mencangkup rute yang dimulai dari jalan Ir.H. Djuanda dan berakhir di terminal bis Leuwipanjang. Simpul jalan yang akan dilalui diambil dari beberapa titik utama yang akan dapat dilewati. Perhitungan koordinat akan dihitung menggunakan konsep graf dan haversine formula. Dampak dari penelitian ini yaitu dapat diketahuinya jalur tercepat yang dibutuhkan menggunakan algoritma Bellman Ford. Kata kunci: Algoritma, Bellman Ford, Graf, Haversine Formula, Shortest Path.
Shock wave therapy versus Interferential therapy in the Management of Osgood-Schlatter disease with Knee Brace

Osgood-Schlatter disease is a well -known and sport-associated overuse injury of the tibial tuberosity apophysis. Long lasting Osgood-Schlatter diseased-associated pain and a reduced ability to play sports can be the consequence. To investigate the therapeutic effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy ve rsus interferential therapy in controlling the pain in Osgood-Schlatter disease. The study was experimental, pre & post design. Forty Osgood-Schlatter children their age were 12-14 years old were chosen for the study and randomly distributed in two groups . Group A receive interferential therapy in addition to the conventional therapy program to osgood -schlatter disease and Group B receive shock wave therapy in addition to the same conventional therapy in group A. Therapy was applied three times weekly for 8 weeks. The severity of knee pain was measured by Visual Analog Scale in a weight bearing position (walking or standing) in parallel bars, rang of motion of knee flexion was measured by plastic goniometr and Western Ontario McMaster universities (WOMAC) index to assess pain, stiffness, and physical function were measured before as well as after the end of treatment program. Revealed statistically significant improvement in the measuring variables of both groups when comparing their pre and post treatment mean values. Significant differences in the measured variables were also obtained in favor of the group (B) when compared with what of group (A). The obtained results strongly supported the application of shock wave therapy help to reduce pain of Osgoo d-Schlatter disease.
On the performance and scalability of decentralised monitoring using mobile Agents

The problem of improving the performance and scalability of current monitoring systems, which generally follow a centralised and static management model is considered herein. Several alternative solutions based on Mobile Agents (MAs), specifically tailored to network monitoring are described. In particular, the key problem of computing efficiently the initial number and location of MAs is addressed, and techniques for rapid MA deployment are described. Mathematical models for the proposed MA solutions and for the common technique of centralised polling are built and a comparative analysis of their performance is carried out. Performance is expressed in terms of monitoring traffic and delay. Results on traffic show that MAs typically offer improved performance, although they do not always scale better than polling. However, results on delay demonstrate that MA solutions improve both scalability and performance under most circumstances.
A Contour Mode AIN Piezoelectric Resonator based on SOI Substrate

Aluminum nitride (AIN) piezoelectric MEMS resonators have been extensively developed in recent years due to their small size and CMOS compatibility. In this paper, a simple microfabrication process based on Silicon on Insulator (SOI) is presented to fabricate a contour mode resonator, and the piezoelectric material is aluminum nitride (AIN). SOI wafer is directly applied as the substrate and patterned as bottom electrode. Theoretical calculation and finite element method simulation is performed to estimate the resonant frequency. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) is used to detect the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of AIN which is 0.164°. AFM is applied to measure the roughness of AIN film and the measured RMS roughness is 0.87 nm. Vector network analyzer and probe stations are applied to measure the one- port S parameter. It is founded that the result of resonant frequency is very close between the simulation and the actual measurement which is 146.9MHz and 144MHz. The resonator may find wide application in biosensing.
A Study in Smooth Bromegrass ( Bromus inermis Leyss . ) in the Semi-Arid of Turkey *

As a cool-season grass smooth bromegrass is a versatile forage crop both for rangeland purpose and herbage production. This forage crop has the superior properties as perennial life form, bloat-freeness and drought resistance. Moreover, early growth in spring and good persistence to grazing are the other desirable aspects of this species. For those reasons, the development of smooth bromegrass varieties for planted pasture or over-sowing of native pastures for restoration is a crucial task for the semi–arid region. Smooth bromegrass isn’t commonly known and grown in Turkey. Therefore, it needs to be introduced to the farmers. This breeding study was designed to aim at examining, evaluating and improving a new variety on present bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) local material. For this reason, at the beginning of the study, nursery plot was established and present lines were observed in it. Superior lines were selected and determined as the candidate of a new variety (local genotype, G-460). Mass selection method was implemented in this trial. Later, candidate variety determined and population were observed at two trials with 8 replications on some morphological and agronomical properties from 2007 to 2009 in Haymana and Yenimahale locations of Ankara province. The recorded morphological traits were main stem length, main stem thickness, length of internode, node numbers in main stem, length and width of flag leaf. Herbage and hay yields were determined as major agronomic properties. All data were statistically analyzed and measured properties of two genotypes were compared by t test. There found no significant differences among the studied genotypes on the following properties. Main stem length, and main stem thickness of G-460 and population had 71.06 and 70.92 cm; 4.06 and 3.99 mm for the two years, respectively. Herbage and hay yields of G-460 and population were 499.4 and 511.6 kg/da; 145.9 and 146.3 kg/da in the final two years of study, respectively. Crude protein content and relative feeding value of G-460 and population were 19.74 and 19.86%; 113.96 and 113.82 in 2009 at two locations, respectively. As a result, genotype G-460 had similar adaptation capability, yield potential and feed quality as much as population’s. This can be considered a good performance for genotype G-460. So this genotype will be useful for meeting the requirement of high quality feed of farmer.
HOT-PHONON-ASSISTED ADDITIONAL CORRELATION IN Al

The hot-phonon effect is considered for an Al0.23Ga0. 77N/GaN structure with a two-dimensional electron gas subjected to an electric field applied in the plane of electron confinement. The hot-phonon accumulation is taken into account in the hot-phonon lifetime approximation for the quantum well model designed through a self-consistent solution of Schrödinger and Poisson equations. The field-dependent electron temperature and non-ohmic transport are obtained from the Monte Carlo simulation for a 3-subband model. The longitudinal tensor component of an additional correlation of electron velocities is estimated in the hotelectron temperature approximation and an essential dependence on the hot-phonon lifetime is demonstrated. The results are in a reasonable agreement with the experimental data for a similar structure with a two-dimensional electron gas.
On a Ramsey-Turán Variant of the Hajnal-Szemerédi Theorem

A seminal result of Hajnal and Szemer\'{e}di states that if a graph $G$ with $n$ vertices has minimum degree $\delta(G) \ge (r-1)n/r$ for some integer $r \ge 2$, then $G$ contains a $K_r$-factor, assuming $r$ divides $n$. Extremal examples which show optimality of the bound on $\delta(G)$ are very structured and, in particular, contain large independent sets. In analogy to the Ramsey-Tur\'an theory, Balogh, Molla, and Sharifzadeh initiated the study of how the absence of such large independent sets influences sufficient minimum degree. We show the following two related results: $\bullet$ For any $r > \ell \ge 2$, if $G$ is a graph satisfying $\delta(G) \ge (r - \ell)n/(r - \ell + 1) +\Omega(n)$ and $\alpha_\ell(G)=o(n)$, that is, a largest $K_\ell$-free induced subgraph has at most $o(n)$ vertices, then $G$ contains a $K_r$-factor. This is optimal for $\ell = r - 1$ and extends a result of Balogh, Molla, and Sharifzadeh who considered the case $r = 3$. $\bullet$ If a graph $G$ satisfies $\delta(G) =\Omega(n)$ and $\alpha_r^*(G) =o(n)$, that is, every induced $K_r$-free $r$-partite subgraph of $G$ has at least one vertex class of size $o(n)$, then it contains a $K_r$-factor. A similar statement is proven for a general graph $H$.
Long range monocular SLAM

This thesis explores approaches to two problems in the frame-rate computation of a priori unknown 3D scene structure and camera pose using a single camera, or monocular simultaneous localisation and mapping. The thesis reflects two trends in vision in general and structure from motion in particular: (i) the move from directly recovered and towards learnt geometry; and (ii) the sparsification of otherwise dense direct methods. The first contributions mitigate scale drift. Beyond the inevitable accumulation of random error, monocular SLAM accumulates error via the depth/speed scaling ambiguity. Three solutions are investigated. The first detects objects of known class and size using fixed descriptors, and incorporates their measurements in the 3D map. Experiments using databases with ground truth show that metric accuracy can be restored over kilometre distances; and similar gains are made using a hand-held camera. Our second method avoids explicit feature choice, instead employing a deep convolutional neural network to yield depth priors. Relative depths are learnt well, but absolute depths less so, and recourse to database-wide scaling is investigated. The third approach uses a novel trained network to infer speed from imagery. The second part of the thesis develops sparsified direct methods for monocular SLAM. The first contribution is a novel camera tracker operating directly using affine image warping, but on patches around sparse corners. Camera pose is recovered with an accuracy at least equal to the state of the art, while requiring only half the computational time. The second introduces a least squares adjustment to sparsified direct map refinement, again using patches from sparse corners. The accuracy of its 3D structure estimation is compared with that from the widely used method of depth filtering. It is found empirically that the new method's accuracy is often higher than that of its filtering counterpart, but that the method is more troubled by occlusion.
A pr 2 01 5 Viewpoint : Simplicity of Black Holes

The Editors of Viewpoint requested a brief report on Norman Gürlebeck’s recent results [1] concerning black holes in astrophysical environments. The first draft I wrote assumed knowledge of general relativity at the level of a graduate-level course. But it was significantly simplified to make the final version [2] accessible to undergraduates who are not familiar with general relativity. This submission to arXiv contains the first version that is likely to be more helpful to beginning researchers who are interested in black holes.
Explorer Modeling Relational Data with Graph Convolutional Networks

Knowledge graphs enable a wide variety of applications, including question answering and information retrieval. Despite the great effort invested in their creation and maintenance, even the largest (e.g., Yago, DBPedia or Wikidata) remain incomplete. We introduce Relational Graph Convolutional Networks (R-GCNs) and apply them to two standard knowledge base completion tasks: Link prediction (recovery of missing facts, i.e. subject-predicate-object triples) and entity classification (recovery of missing entity attributes). R-GCNs are related to a recent class of neural networks operating on graphs, and are developed specifically to handle the highly multi-relational data characteristic of realistic knowledge bases. We demonstrate the effectiveness of R-GCNs as a stand-alone model for entity classification. We further show that factorization models for link prediction such as DistMult can be significantly improved through the use of an R-GCN encoder model to accumulate evidence over multiple inference steps in the graph, demonstrating a large improvement of 29.8% on FB15k-237 over a decoder-only baseline.