Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Innovation Driven Enterprise, Sustainable Business and Firm Financial Performance

Innovation should be followed by profitable commercialization to have a sustainable business. Teece (1986) identified that it is often not the innovator who introduces a new process, product or service who profits the most from an innovation, but instead suppliers, cooperators, customers and competitors. In emerging markets, especially in Indonesia, it is challenging to do innovation due to the lack of infrastructure. This study explores innovation-driven enterprise relationships with firm financial performance measures by firm profitability. To identify the innovation-driven enterprise financing capabilities and innovation, the study used company age, RaD expense, sales, sales growth, debt ratio and retained earnings as independent variables. Firm profitability performance was measured by return on assets (ROA). RaD expenses of innovation-driven enterprises had a positive correlation with firm financial performance. Sales and retained earnings had a positive correlation with RaD expense. However, company age, debt ratio and sales growth had a weak negative correlation with corporate innovation activities. Retained earnings had a positive correlation and was the biggest determinant of firm profitability. It was shown that innovation-driven enterprises in Indonesia are financing their innovation with retained earnings (internal financing) and not debt (external financing).
White matter hyperintensities on MRI in the neurologically nondiseased elderly. Analysis of cohorts of consecutive subjects aged 55 to 85 years living at home.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We undertook this study to evaluate the frequency and risk factors of white matter hyperintensities seen on T2-weighted MR imaging. We examined cohorts of neurologically nondiseased elderly subjects participating in a general-community study, the Helsinki (Finland) Aging Brain Study. Cohorts of consecutive subjects aged 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, and 85 years (n = 20, 18, 20, 18, 19, 18, and 15, respectively; total, n = 128) were divided into a young-old (age < 75 years, n = 76) group and an old-old (age > or = 75 years, n = 52) group. METHODS Frequency of hyperintensities seen on T2-weighted axial and coronal MR images (0.02 T) was rated using a four-point scale in periventricular and centrum semiovale areas. RESULTS The majority of the subjects showed only mild white matter hyperintensities, which were more frequent in the periventricular areas. Age was the most important factor to explain the presence of hyperintensities. A logistic regression analysis related periventricular hyperintensities in the entire group to central atrophy (odds ratio [OR], 4.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 12.9) and silent infarcts (OR, 5.6; 95% CI, 1.0 to 19.8); among the young-old, hyperintensities related to diabetes (OR, 17.0; 95% CI, 1.9 to 154.2) and central atrophy (OR, 14.7; 95% CI, 3.5 to 61.8). Centrum semiovale hyperintensities related in the entire group to cardiac arrhythmia (OR, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.0 to 15.5), central atrophy (OR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.2 to 12.4), and silent infarcts (OR, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.0 to 12.5). CONCLUSIONS These mild white matter hyperintensities in the neurologically nondiseased elderly related especially to age and also to concomitant silent infarcts, atrophy, and some vascular risk factors. The known factors, however, explained only part of the variation. The young-old and old-old groups showed different associations. In contrast to former assumptions, the presence of white matter hyperintensities among the aged is likely to be linked to other as yet unidentified age-related factors.
Effect of Chitosan Edible Coating on the Biochemical and Physical Characteristics of Carp Fillet (Cyprinus carpio) Stored at −18°C

The effect of an edible coating (EC) with 1.5% chitosan as an additive, on common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fillet, was determined evaluating the biochemical, physicochemical, textural, microbiological, and nutritional characteristics periodically during its storage in the freezer (−18°C), observing a decrease in the rate of biochemical reactions related to degradation (p < 0.05), hydroperoxides content (HPC) (0.8324 nM hydroperoxides/mg of protein versus 0.5540 nM/mg with regard to the EC sample), as well as protein carbonyl content (PCC) (0.5860 nM versus 0.4743 nM of reactive carbonyl groups/mg of protein of noncoated material), keeping properties for a longer period of time, and a lower protein solubility (7.8 mg of supernatant protein/mg of total protein versus 6.8 mg/mg) and less loss of moisture (8% less, with regard to EC); for the nutritional characteristics of the fillet, lysine is the limiting aminoacid in the sample without EC, while leucine is the limiting aminoacid for the EC sample. According to microbial growth, the count was 2.2 × 105 CFU/g of sample in mesophiles versus 4.7 × 104 in the EC sample. The results indicate that the use of EC added with chitosan maintains the quality of the product regarding lipid and protein oxidation until fourth month of storage, maintaining moisture content without variation for at least 3 months, and inhibits microbial growth up to 2 logarithmic units, during five months of frozen storage.
Three-dimensional object reconstruction of symmetric objects by fusing visual and tactile sensing

In this work, we propose to reconstruct a complete three-dimensional (3-D) model of an unknown object by fusion of visual and tactile information while the object is grasped. Assuming the object is symmetric, a first hypothesis of its complete 3-D shape is generated. A grasp is executed on the object with a robotic manipulator equipped with tactile sensors. Given the detected contacts between the fingers and the object, the initial full object model including the symmetry parameters can be refined. This refined model will then allow the planning of more complex manipulation tasks. The main contribution of this work is an optimal estimation approach for the fusion of visual and tactile data applying the constraint of object symmetry. The fusion is formulated as a state estimation problem and solved with an iterated extended Kalman filter. The approach is validated experimentally using both artificial and real data from two different robotic platforms.
Earnings Forecasts Errors in Malaysian IPO Prospectuses: Evidence and Explanations

This paper seeks to answer the questions concerning the current level of bias and accuracy associated with theIPO earnings forecasts and the explanations behind forecasts errors. Using 190 Malaysian IPOs, we found thatthe Malaysian IPO earnings forecasts during the period of study (2002-2012) were pessimistic (i.e., the earningsforecasts were underestimated), proposing that Malaysian IPO directors are, averagely unbiased and cautiousforecasters. Moreover, we found the percentage of accuracy of Malaysian IPO earnings forecasts to beunsatisfactory. However, the percentage shows some improvement for the accuracy of earnings forecasts overtime. Further, content analysis was used to explore the explanations provided behind the forecasts errors. Thisstudy found that, the number of provided explanations in first published annual report of IPO company wasgreater when the management of IPO companies were more optimistic in making their earnings forecasts (i.e.,the earnings forecasts were over-forecasted) and when the forecasts errors were large. These results haveimplications for the capital market participants like regulators and investors.
Both selection and gene flow are necessary to explain adaptive divergence: evidence from clinal variation in stream stickleback

Questions: Does gene flow constrain adaptation in nature? Does spatial variation in selection make it difficult to detect the role of gene flow? Data description: Variation in the adaptive morphology of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) from multiple sites in each of three environments: Misty Lake, an inlet stream flowing into Misty Lake, and an outlet stream flowing out of Misty Lake. Variation among these same sites in habitat features that influence natural selection. Search method: (A) Regressions of site means for morphological traits against distance from the lake. (B) Regressions of site means for morphological traits against site means for water flow. (C) Regression of residuals from (B) against distance from the lake. Conclusion: Gene flow strongly constrains adaptation in the outlet, as evidenced by gradual shifts in morphology from the lake into the outlet, as well as gradual clines along the outlet. Gene flow does not constrain adaptation in the inlet, as evidenced by sharp shifts in morphology from the lake into the inlet, as well as the absence of clines along the inlet. Both selection and gene flow are required to explain adaptive variation within this system.
The Impact of Information and Communication Technology and Financial Development on Energy Consumption: A Dynamic Heterogeneous Panel Analysis for MENA Countries

This study investigates the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) and financial development on energy consumption for a panel of 11 MENA countries, for the period between 1995 and 2014. Unlike previous studies, this study uses principal component analysis to construct an index for ICT. In addition, the dynamic panel data model is estimated using heterogeneous panel estimation technique that accounts for cross-sectional dependence. The results reveal that there is a positive statistical significant relationship between ICT index and energy consumption. However, financial development did not appear to have an impact on energy consumption. We conclude that while ICT use increases energy consumption, financial markets development did not contribute to the increase in energy consumption. Finally, some policy implications relevant to our empirical results are discussed such as the need for policy makers to formulate appropriate and effective energy conservation policies, as well as to encourage the adoption of more energy saving devices that accompany the increase in the use of ICT in the MENA region.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.

Vitamins of the B12 (cyanocobalamin) group apparently participate in several metabolic processes.1 For example, Helleiner and Woods2 reported that a cellfree extract of an Escherichia coli mutant, which requires either methionine or vitamin B12 for growth, forms methionine more rapidly in a reaction mixture containing homocysteine, serine, and adenosine triphosphate when supplemented with vitamin B12. This indicates that the vitamin participates at some point in methyl group formation or transfer. More recently, Wagle et al.3 found that vitamin B12 stimulates incorporation of amino acids into the proteins of a microsome-soluble protein system of vitamin B12-deficient rats. Inhibition experiments with an unspecified anti-B12 compound indicated that the vitamin is involved in the activation of amino acids. Evidence for the involvement of vitamin B12 in the synthesis of deoxyribose by Lactobacillus leichmanii"' 5 and in the reduction of dithio groups8' I has also been presented. Although these and other studies1 have identified several metabolic processes in which the cobalamins participate directly or indirectly, the precise roles of these compounds have not been established. No specific enzymatic function has been demonstrated, and no coenzyme form of the vitamin has been described. We wish to report the isolation of a coenzyme form of pseudovitamin B12 which is required for the decomposition of glutamate by particle-free extracts of Clostridium tetanomorphum. The coenzyme is involved in the rearrangement of the carbon skeleton of glutamate to form a branched chain amino acid, ,3-methylaspartate. Previous studies in this laboratory8 have shown that the fermentation of glutamate by C. tetanomorphum occurs by a sequence of reactions that is entirely different from the tricarboxylic acid cycle. A key compound in this sequence is mesaconate, a branched-chain C5 dicarboxylic acid. The reversible conversion of glutamate to mesaconate and ammonia involves the following two reactions:
Erythromelalgia and Arterial Thrombophilia in Thrombocythemia

Erythromelalgia is characterized by warm, red, congested extremities and painful burning sensations. Warmth intensifies the discomfort and cold provides relief. Acroparesthesias, for example, tingling, “pins and needles” sensations, and numbness in the toes or fingers, usually precede the disabling and burning distress, and aspirin promptly relieves pain for approximately three days. This longlasting effect of a single low dose of aspirin is so specific that it can be used as a diagnostic ~riterion. ~” Indomethacin, which reversibly inhibits platelet cyclooxygenase, alleviates the symptoms of erythromelalgia for less than 24 h o ~ r s . ~ Dipyridamole, sulfinpyrazone, and sodium salicylate have no effect on erythromelalgia or platelet cyclooxygenase activity. Thus, active platelet prostaglandin metabolism is aprerequisite for erythromelalgia to de~e lop . ~ If left untreated, erythromelalgia frequently progresses to painful ischemic acrocyanosis and peripheral gangrene. The etiology and pathophysiology of erythromelalgia were elusive until we found that the burning distress and red congestion of classical erythromelalgia were restricted to the chronic myeloproliferative disorders where, because of thrombocythemia, platelet-mediated inflammation and vascular and circulatory changes O C C U ~ . ~ ~ Erythromelalgia appears to be a frequent microvascular thrombotic manifestation of primary thrombocythemia or thrombocythemia in association with polycythemia Vera or another chronic myeloproliferative d i~orde r . ~ -~ In contrast to coumadin, a low dose of aspirin daily not only relieves the erythromelalgic distress quickly and lastingly but also completely reverses the ischemic circulation disturbances, coinciding with the period of inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase activity and aggregation ex v ~ v o . ~ ~ These clinical results imply that intravascular activation and aggregation of hypersensitive platelets in thrombocythemia are important in the etiology of erythromelalgia and thrombotic occlusive disease of the acral arterial microvasculature, without evidence of preexisting vascular d i ~ e a s e . ~ , ~ Further evidence for local platelet consumption in thrombocythemic erythromelalgia stems from our histopathological studies, in which we demonstrated arteriolar fibromuscular intimal proliferation and thrombotic occlusions by platelet activation and aggregati~n. ~ In this ongoing inflammatory and thrombotic process, platelet-derived growth factor accounts for the proliferation of smooth muscle cells of the arteriolar wall. Platelet prostaglandins, secretion products, and activation of coagulation in association with unknown pathways can be held responsible for the inflammatory symptoms of red, warm, and painful swelling. ’ Progression to
Construction of a cell-based sensor for the detection of autoinducer-2

Microbially Induced Corrosion (MIC) occurs at metal surfaces and is associated with microorganisms and their metabolic activities. These microbes can coexist as biofilms, growing as synergistic communities (consortia) that are able to affect electrochemical processes, both cathodic and anodic, often through co-operative metabolism. Recent research has revealed the role of "quorum sensing" molecules in control of microbial activities such as biofilm formation. In this paper, we propose the detection of quorum sensing molecules as a means of detecting bacterial contamination prior to the onset on biofilm formation. Further we outline the development of an E. coli cell based sensor for detection of the quorum sensing molecule Autoinducer-2 (AI-2).
U.S. Wage and Price Dynamics: A Limited Information Approach

This paper analyzes the dynamics of prices and wages using a limited-information approach to estimation. I estimate a two-equation model for the determination of prices and wages derived from an optimization-based dynamic model, where both goods and labor markets are monopolistically competitive, prices and wages can be reoptimized only at random intervals, and, when not reoptimized, can be partially adjusted to previous-period aggregate inflation. The estimation procedure is a two-step minimum-distance estimation, which exploits the restrictions that the model imposes on a time-series representation of the data. In the first step I estimate an unrestricted autoregressive representation of the variables of interest. In the second step, I express the model solution in the form of a constrained autoregressive representation of the data and define the distance between unconstrained and constrained representations as a function of the structural parameters that characterize the joint dynamics of inflation and labor share. This function summarizes the cross-equation restrictions between the model and the time-series representations of the data: I then estimate the parameters of interest by minimizing a quadratic function of that distance. I find that the estimated dynamics of prices and wages track actual dynamics quite well, and that the estimated parameters are consistent with the observed length of nominal contracts.
Peripheral Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Protein, Mss2p, Required for Export of the Mitochondrially Coded Cox2p C Tail inSaccharomyces cerevisiae

ABSTRACT Cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 (Cox2p) is synthesized on the matrix side of the mitochondrial inner membrane, and its N- and C-terminal domains are exported across the inner membrane by distinct mechanisms. The Saccharomyces cerevisiaenuclear gene MSS2 was previously shown to be necessary for Cox2p accumulation. We have used pulse-labeling studies and the expression of the ARG8 m reporter at the COX2 locus in an mss2 mutant to demonstrate that Mss2p is not required for Cox2p synthesis but rather for its accumulation. Mutational inactivation of the proteolytic function of the matrix-localized Yta10p (Afg3p) AAA-protease partially stabilizes Cox2p in an mss2 mutant but does not restore assembly of cytochrome oxidase. In the absence of Mss2p, the Cox2p N terminus is exported, but Cox2p C-terminal export and assembly of Cox2p into cytochrome oxidase is blocked. Epitope-tagged Mss2p is tightly, but peripherally, associated with the inner membrane and protected by it from externally added proteases. Taken together, these data indicate that Mss2p plays a role in recognizing the Cox2p C tail in the matrix and promoting its export.
Sustainable neighbourhood masterplans : an analysis of the role of BREEAM Communities in green infrastructure evaluation

Evaluative practice is described as an integrated or ‘embedded’ part of urban design processes, helping to establish, trace and refine designers’ intentions, supporting the rational enhancement of design decisions and associated actions. This assumption is central to standard evaluative frameworks, such as the UK sustainable neighbourhood masterplan standard, BREEAM Communities (BC). There is a need to better understand this concept of ‘embedded evaluation’, by examining how evaluation functions in the transition from masterplan design to end-use. This includes examining to what extent standard evaluative frameworks like BC promote an embedded evaluative approach, directing decisions and material outcomes towards the standard’s definition of a sustainable neighbourhood. Adopting an empirical lens of green infrastructure (GI) evaluation and an analytical framework of Strategy-as-Practice, this research examines the enactment of formal evaluative practices in six English masterplanned sites. Based on 48 interviews and document analysis, thirteen evaluative episodes are presented, reviewing how different actors structure, enact and respond to evaluative practices. The findings reveal dynamic relationships between evaluation, design, construction and in-use practices. In most of the episodes (11 of 13) GI intentions are compromised in the transition from design to construction. Four drivers of evaluative embeddedness are identified that affect these relationships: external drivers, responsibility, negotiation and reflexivity. The research considers the potential implications for GI evaluation and BC, including the need to address dominant evaluative practices, such as cost appraisal, to build non-specialist knowledge of GI and to assign evaluative responsibility throughout the masterplan journey.
Schwa variants in american English

In this study, we examine the acoustic structure of schwa variants in a speech corpus intended for concatenative TTS. Our goals are two-fold. First, as a matter of academic interest, we seek to characterize schwa acoustics in a speech corpus designed to provide broad coverage of diand tri-phone contexts. This characterization extends recent work on the distinction between the barred-i variant of schwa /i/ and the more central /ә/ form of schwa [1]. Our second goal is to improve the concordance between our transcriptions as generated by the front-end of our TTS system, and the phonetic behavior of talkers who record corpora for concatenative TTS. Based on analysis of a single talker’s corpus, our results support the claim in [1] that /i/ is more common than generally assumed. However, the claim that /i/ characterizes all stemmedial schwas is not well-supported by our data.
Pengaruh Struktur Corporate Governance Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Publik Indonesia

This study required to test the influence of corporate governance structure that includes an independent board, the board of directors, institutional ownership and managerial ownership on firm’s value in Indonesia. The sample in this study were 45 companies included and registered as a company with the most liquid stocks (LQ-45) on the Stock Exchange during the period January 2010 to December 2010. The data used in this study is a secondary data contained in the Indonesian Capital Market Directory and the annual reports obtained from the Data Centre for Economics and Business at the University of Indonesia. The data collected, processed by using procedures Ordinary Least Square (OLS) using multiple regression. This study found that corporate governance structure that includes an independent board, the board of directors, institutional ownership and managerial ownership has a significant impact on firm’s value.
Assessment of the quantity of biologically available choline in soybean meal.

Growth assays were conducted with 8-dayold crossbred chicks to evaluate the available choline in 44 and 49% protein soybean meals, and also in whole heat-treated soybeans. A choline-free (experimental basal d i e t ) p r e t e s t diet was imposed from day 5 to 8 posthatching to diminish choline stores. Soybean sources were added at 5 and 10% to the basal diet, and a choline response curve was generated using 0, 175, and 350 ppm choline contr ibuted from crystalline choline chloride. Slope-ratio and standard curve techniques were used to quantify the available choline content of each ingredient tested. Two sources of dehulled soybean meal were found to contain 1,614 and 2,026 ppm available choline, respectively. The latter sample was also evaluated in the presence of 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol, a specific inhibitor of choline biosynthesis, and a value of 2,024 ppm was obtained. The whole bean and 44% CP soybean meal were found to contain 1,844 and 1,664 ppm available choline, respectively. Using accepted table values (2,850, 2,743 and 2,420 ppm for dehulled, regular and whole bean, respectively) the availability of choline in the soybean products tested appears to range between 60 and 75%. (