Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trajectory Patterns and Factors Influencing Self-management Behaviors in Chinese Patients With Breast Cancer.

BACKGROUND Self-management plays an important role in improving quality of life among patients with breast cancer. Self-management behaviors change with treatment periods, and the trajectory varies in patients with different demographic and psychosocial characteristics. However, the trajectory patterns and the predictive factors have not been fully studied. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to identify the trajectory patterns of self-management behaviors in Chinese patients with breast cancer and their predictive factors. METHODS A total of 128 patients with breast cancer were recruited. Demographic and disease-related information, self-management behaviors, self-efficacy, coping modes, emotional distress, and social support were investigated across 5 time points. Growth mixture modeling was used to identify the trajectory patterns of self-management behaviors. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors for membership. RESULTS The best-fit growth mixture modeling revealed a 2-class model; model fit indices were all in acceptable ranges. Class 1 and 2 were named as the group of "stable" (34.38%) and the group of "sharply decreased" (65.62%), respectively, based on the tendency of change. Modified radical mastectomy, avoidance coping mode, anxiety, and low self-efficacy level were predictors of the patients' membership to the sharply decreased group. CONCLUSION Our study proved the heterogeneity of self-management behaviors and the influencing effect of treatment and psychosocial factors on the development of self-management behaviors in Chinese patients with breast cancer. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Health professionals should pay more attention to patients who are at higher risk of developing a poor self-management pattern. Targeted interventions should be developed across subpopulations and treatment periods accordingly.
In love and war: The morphometric and phylogenetic basis of ornamentation, and the evolution of male display behavior, in the livebearer genus Poecilia

Exaggerated male traits under sexual selection are often used for both competition and courtship, raising the question of whether ornaments evolved simultaneously for both functions, or if use in one context preceded use in another. Here, we apply a phylogenetic approach to study the evolution of ornamental dorsal fins in male poeciliid fish of the subgenera Mollienesia and Limia, which exhibit convergent development of an enlarged dorsal fin, and often direct erect‐fin displays to male and female conspecifics. Unlike prior categorical assessments of poeciliid adornments, we measure dorsal fin exaggeration with a continuous index of ornamentation. Phylogenetic logistic and generalized least squares regression analyses indicate that high index values are significantly associated with the use of two component postures of courtship and aggressive displays, dorsal fin erection and body curvature, but not with the presence of sexual dichromatism. Male displays initially evolved for male–male aggression in the common ancestor of Mollienesia and Limia, suggesting that this signal originated for competition, then became co‐opted for courtship. These results support the armament‐ornament hypothesis for evolution of exaggerated male traits, and are consistent with an evolutionary shift in the predominant mechanisms of sexual selection from intra‐ to intersexual.
Psychometric properties of the body and appearance self-conscious emotions scale in Brazilian adolescents

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale in Brazilian adolescents. A sample of 827 adolescents (55% boys) filled out a questionnaire comprising the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale and instruments assessing social physique anxiety, positive/negative affect, and self-esteem. After removing one item originally proposed for the guilt factor (Item 7), the results supported a 4-factor structure that was invariant across gender and weight status. Evidence supporting the internal consistency, temporal stability, and convergent validity of the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale cores were also obtained. These results support the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale as a psychometrically robust instrument to assess body and appearance self-conscious emotions in Brazilian adolescents.
HPV prevalence and genotype distribution among women in Shandong Province, China: Analysis of 94,489 HPV genotyping results from Shandong’s largest independent pathology laboratory

Background Data regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotype distribution are limited in Shandong Province, China. Therefore, we investigated the recent HPV prevalence and genotype distribution among females in Shandong and aimed to provide comprehensive data to guide HPV-based cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination for this population of Chinese women. Methods HPV testing results of 94,489 females were retrospectively reviewed and extracted from the database of Jinan KingMed Diagnostics, the largest independent pathology laboratory in Shandong Province, China. HPV was detected by a HPV genotyping panel from January 2011 to June 2017. The overall prevalence, age-specific prevalence, and genotype distribution were analyzed. Results A total of 26,839 cases (28.4%) were HPV-positive, with 4.3% positive for low- or undetermined-risk HPV (lr-/urHPV)-only, 18.1% positive for high-risk HPV (hrHPV)-only, and 6.1% positive for mixed lr-/urHPV and hrHPV infections. Single HPV infections accounted for 62.8%, while the rest were multiple HPV infections of two or more genotypes. HPV16 (5.8%), HPV52 (5.1%), HPV58 (3.5%), HPV51 (2.6%), and HPV56 (2.3%) were the five most common hrHPV genotypes; while HPV81 (2.8%), HPV53 (2.8%), and HPV6 (2.3%) were the three most common lr-/urHPV genotypes. HPV18 (1.7%) was only the ninth most common hrHPV genotype. HPV16 but not HPV52 was more common in single infections than in multiple infections. The distribution of both mixed lr-/urHPV and hrHPV as well as overall HPV infections demonstrated a bimodal pattern across age groups, of which the first peak appeared in the younger group and the second peak was found in older women. A similar age-specific distribution was observed in multiple infections of three or more subtypes as well. Moreover, the proportion of mixed lr-/urHPV and hrHPV infection significantly increased, while those of lr-/urHPV-only and hrHPV-only infections declined as the number of co-infections increased during the study period. Conclusion This large daily clinical practice report shows that HPV prevalence and genotype distribution are different in this population, who had limited cervical cancer screening service, compared to those in developed countries. Therefore, different strategies should be developed for HPV-based cervical cancer screening and vaccine-based HPV prevention in Shandong Province.
Assessing Spatial Accessibility to Medical Resources at the Community Level in Shenzhen, China

Spatial accessibility to medical resources is an integral component of universal health coverage. However, research evaluating the spatial accessibility of healthcare services at the community level in China remains limited. We assessed the community-level spatial access to beds, doctors, and nurses at general hospitals and identified the shortage areas in Shenzhen, one of the fastest growing cities in China. Based on hospital and population data from 2016, spatial accessibility was analyzed using several methods: shortest path analysis, Gini coefficient, and enhanced 2-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA). The study found that 99.9% of the residents in Shenzhen could get to the nearest general hospital within 30 min. Healthcare supply was much more equitable between populations than across communities in the city. E2SFCA scores showed that the communities with the best and worst hospital accessibility were found in the southwest and southeast of the city, respectively. State-owned public hospitals still dominated the medical resources supply market and there was a clear spatial accessibility disparity between private and public healthcare resources. The E2SFCA scores supplement more details about resource disparity over space than do crude provider-to-population ratios (PPR) and can help improve the efficiency of the distribution of medical resources.
A near-chromosome-scale genome assembly of the gemsbok (Oryx gazella): an iconic antelope of the Kalahari desert

Abstract Background The gemsbok (Oryx gazella) is one of the largest antelopes in Africa. Gemsbok are heterothermic and thus highly adapted to live in the desert, changing their feeding behavior when faced with extreme drought and heat. A high-quality genome sequence of this species will assist efforts to elucidate these and other important traits of gemsbok and facilitate research on conservation efforts. Findings Using 180 Gbp of Illumina paired-end and mate-pair reads, a 2.9 Gbp assembly with scaffold N50 of 1.48 Mbp was generated using SOAPdenovo. Scaffolds were extended using Chicago library sequencing, which yielded an additional 114.7 Gbp of DNA sequence. The HiRise assembly using SOAPdenovo + Chicago library sequencing produced a scaffold N50 of 47 Mbp and a final genome size of 2.9 Gbp, representing 90.6% of the estimated genome size and including 93.2% of expected genes according to Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs analysis. The Reference-Assisted Chromosome Assembly tool was used to generate a final set of 47 predicted chromosome fragments with N50 of 86.25 Mbp and containing 93.8% of expected genes. A total of 23,125 protein-coding genes and 1.14 Gbp of repetitive sequences were annotated using de novo and homology-based predictions. Conclusions Our results provide the first high-quality, chromosome-scale genome sequence assembly for gemsbok, which will be a valuable resource for studying adaptive evolution of this species and other ruminants.
Resilience takes a village: black women utilize support from their community to foster resilience against multiple adversities

ABSTRACT Black women living with HIV (BWLWH) represent the highest percentage of women with HIV in the U.S. and experience worse health outcomes than other women living with HIV, in part due to experiences of trauma, racism, HIV-stigma, and stressors they face as women. However, their own stories of resilience in the face of multiple adversities and insights of community stakeholders may inform our field on how to best empower this population to strive despite adversities. Thirty BWLWH in the U.S. and fifteen community stakeholders were interviewed about women’s experiences and adaptive coping strategies used to cope with trauma, racism, HIV-stigma, and gender-related stressors. Interviews were coded using thematic content analysis. A major theme that spanned across interviews with BWLWH and community stakeholders was that resilience was fostered by members of their “village”. In the midst of or following adverse experiences BWLWH used social support from their children, grandchildren, other family members, friends/peers, and caring providers in order to overcome their adversities and focus on their health and well-being. Promoting resilience among BWLWH requires an understanding of the most adaptive strategies utilized to “bounce back” following or in the face of adversities. Our findings highlight that both BWLWH and community stakeholders recognize social support from their “village” as an importance resilience resource. Research and applied efforts need to be geared at strengthening both BWLWH and their “village” in order to promote resilience and reduce health disparities.
A review of modeling interacting transient phenomena with non-equilibrium Green functions

As experimental probes have matured to observe ultrafast transient and high frequency responses of materials and devices, so to have the theoretical methods to numerically and analytically simulate time- and frequency-resolved transport. In this review article, we discuss recent progress in the development of the time-dependent and frequency-dependent non-equilibrium Green function (NEGF) technique. We begin with an overview of the theoretical underpinnings of the underlying Kadanoff–Baym equations and derive the fundamental NEGF equations in the time and frequency domains. We discuss how these methods have been applied to a variety of condensed matter systems such as molecular electronics, nanoscale transistors, and superconductors. In addition, we survey the application of NEGF in fields beyond condensed matter, where it has been used to study thermalization in ultra-cold atoms and to understand leptogenesis in the early universe. Throughout, we pay special attention to the challenges of incorporating contacts and interactions, as the NEGF method is uniquely capable of accounting for such features.
Effects of high intensity interval training frequency on perceptual responses and future physical activity participation.

The effectiveness of high intensity interval training (HIIT) in inducing positive physiological adaptations is well documented. However, its impact on perceptual responses and on future physical activity (PA) engagement is less evaluated. The present study aimed to examine the effects of HIIT frequency on perceptual responses, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and its influence in future PA participation. Thirty five inactive adults were randomly assigned to a control (CON) and to two training groups which performed HIIT (10x60s cycling, ~83% Wpeak), two (HIIT-2) or three (HIIT-3) times per week for eight weeks. Following the HIIT intervention, exercise enjoyment, HRQOL and the intention to implement ΗΙΙΤ in the future were evaluated. Eight weeks after cessation of training, follow-up evaluations of HRQOL and PA were performed. Following the intervention, both training frequencies induced high levels of enjoyment (HIIT-2: 6.0 ± 1.1, HIIT-3: 6.0 ± 1.1, scale 1-7), improved HRQOL (HIIT-2: p = 0.040; HIIT-3: p = 0.024) and reported intention to implement HIIT in the future (HIIT-3: 100%, HIIT-2: 93% of participants). At follow-up, HIIT-3 participants reported higher completion of HIIT compared to HIIT-2 and CON (p<0.05). Both training groups sustained improved HRQOL and increased vigorous and total PA (p<0.05). This study showed that performing HIIT either two or three times per week is an enjoyable exercise modality that promotes a sustainable increase in habitual PA levels and improves HRQOL. Moreover, the higher training frequency resulted in greater HIIT completion in the 8-week period following the cessation of training.
Mitochondrial complex II of plants: subunit composition, assembly, and function in respiration and signaling.

Complex II [succinate dehydrogenase (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase); EC 1.3. 5.1; SDH] is the only enzyme shared by both the electron transport chain and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in mitochondria. Complex II in plants is considered unusual because of its accessory subunits (SDH5-SDH8), in addition to the catalytic subunits of SDH found in all eukaryotes (SDH1-SDH4). Here, we review compositional and phylogenetic analysis and biochemical dissection studies to both clarify the presence and propose a role for these subunits. We also consider the wider functional and phylogenetic evidence for SDH assembly factors and the reports from plants on the control of SDH1 flavination and SDH1-SDH2 interaction. Plant complex II has been shown to influence stomatal opening, the plant defense response and reactive oxygen species-dependent stress responses. Signaling molecules such as salicyclic acid (SA) and nitric oxide (NO) are also reported to interact with the ubiquinone (UQ) binding site of SDH, influencing signaling transduction in plants. Future directions for SDH research in plants and the specific roles of its different subunits and assembly factors are suggested, including the potential for reverse electron transport to explain the succinate-dependent production of reactive oxygen species in plants and new avenues to explore the evolution of plant mitochondrial complex II and its utility.
CLINICAL PROFILE OF NEW ONSET SEIZURES IN ADULTS

Epilepsy is a chronic disorder, the hallmark of which is recurrent, unprovoked seizures. Many people with epilepsy have more than one type of seizure and many have other symptoms of neurological disorder. Clinical history, family history are important among the people with epilepsy. The aim of this study was to study the etiology of seizure in adults, hence a cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary centre, teaching hospital, on patients hospitalized due to seizures in the period of 2012-2014.
ROS‐ and HIF1α‐dependent IGFBP3 upregulation blocks IGF1 survival signaling and thereby mediates high‐glucose‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis

The prevalence of chronic hyperglycemia and its complications, imposing a critical burden on the worldwide economy and the global healthcare system, is a pressing issue. Mounting evidence indicates that oxidative stress and hypoxia, two noticeable features of hyperglycemia, play a joint crucial role in mediating cellular apoptosis. However, the underlying detailed molecular mechanism remains elusive. Triggered by the observation that insulin‐like growth factor (IGF1)‐binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) can mediate, in renal cells, high‐glucose‐induced apoptosis by elevating oxidative stress, we wish to, in this study, know whether or not the similar scenario holds in cardiac cells and, if so, to find its relevant molecular key players, thereby dissecting the underlying molecular pathway. Specifically, we used a combination of three different cellular sources (H9c2 cells, diabetic rats, and neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes) as our model systems of study. We made use of Co‐IP assay and western blot analysis in conjunction with loss‐of‐function reasoning, gain‐of‐function logic, and inhibitor treatment as our main analytical tools. As a result, briefly, our main findings are that hyperglycemia can induce cardiac IGFBP3 overexpression and secretion, that high levels of IGFBP3 can sequester IGF1 from IGF1 survival pathway, leading to apoptosis, and that IGFBP3 gene upregulation is hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)1α‐dependent and reactive oxygen species dependent. Piecing these findings together allows us to propose the improved molecular regulatory mechanism. In conclusion, we have established the molecular roles of IGFBP3, HIF1, and prolyl hydroxylase domain in connecting oxidative stress with hypoxia and in cellular apoptosis under hyperglycemia.
Hyperuricemia and Arthralgias During Pyrazinamide Therapy in Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Background: Pyrazinamide (PZA) is used frequently in monotherapy or in combination therapy with isoniazide and rifampicin in the management of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). However, hyperuricemia, arthralgia, or symptoms of gout may occur in patients treated long-term with PZA. Typically, aspirin therapy is instituted to reduce the inflammatory pain associated with arthralgia in patients being treated with PZA. The authors determined the incidence of hyperuricemia and arthralgias in TB patients treated with combination therapy and the effect of aspirin therapy on serum uric acid levels in these patients. Methods: The authors enrolled 50 patients categorized as having active pulmonary tuberculosis based on clinical history, physical exam findings, and related investigations. Whole blood samples were obtained from these patients before, during, and after combination therapy, following discontinuation of combination therapy, and after administration of aspirin. Uric acid was quantified in serum samples from all patients using the uricase method in the Hitachi 916 chemistry analyzer. The uric acid levels during and after discontinuation of combination therapy and after initiation of aspirin therapy were determined. In addition, the authors determined the incidence of hyperuricemia and arthralgia among these patients. Results: Combination therapy resulted in progressive hyperuricemia in about 50% of the patients between the 6th and 8th weeks of treatment. Arthralgia occurred in 22% of these cases. Discontinuation of combination therapy and institution of aspirin therapy for 2 weeks resulted in the return of uric acid levels to the pretreatment levels in these patients. Conclusion: Significant hyperuricemia, with some arthralgia, can occur in TB patients treated with combination therapy. Pyrazinamide is the most likely component of combination therapy responsible for these effects. However, aspirin therapy is effective in controlling joint pain in these patients and in reducing their hyperuricemia to normouricemic levels. Combination therapy remains a useful treatment in the management of patients with pulmonary TB, despite the relatively minimal side effects caused by PZA.
“Consent is sexy”: A poster campaign using sex-positive images and messages to increase dyadic sexual communication

Abstract Objective: “Consent is Sexy” (CIS) is a poster campaign incorporating sex-positive messages to promote consent and increase sexual communication among college students. We assess reactions to the campaign and associations between campaign recall and communication attitudes and behaviors. Participants: Male and female undergraduates at a Midwestern university were recruited (N = 284). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. t-Tests, logistic and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the data. Results: Over half (56%) of participants recalled the campaign and reactions were positive. Students who recalled CIS had more positive attitudes towards sexual communication (p = .04) and greater perceived behavioral control (PBC; p < .01). Conclusions: Results show many students paid attention and reacted positively to CIS posters and results offer dissemination insights. Consent campaigns should continue to cultivate positive attitudes and PBC in regards to sexual communication.
Muscle electrical activity during exercises with and without load executed on dry land and in an aquatic environment

Introduction Muscle activity in the aquatic environment was investigated using electromyographic analyses. The physical properties of water and the resistance used may influence the response of the muscle during exercise. The objective of this study was to evaluate the electrical activity in water and on the floor during flexion and knee extension exercises with and without load and aimed at understanding the muscular response while performing resistance exercises in water. Methods The sample consisted of 14 volunteers between 18 and 35 years old who were subjected to active exercises involving knee flexion and extension with and without load on the floor and in water. Electromyography was performed during the movement. Results A significant increase was found in the electrical activity of the rectus femoris muscle during exercises on the floor. The biceps femoris muscle showed increased electromyographic activity when resistance was used. A significant increase was found in the electrical activity of the rectus femoris muscle compared with exercises with and without load and the moment of rest in immersion. The electrical activity of the rectus and biceps femoris muscles was reduced in exercises with load and without load in a therapy pool compared with on the floor. Conclusion There was a reduction of the electromyographic activity in the aquatic environment compared with that on the ground, which could be attributed to the effects from hot water. Therefore, it is believed that resistance exercises can be performed early in a therapy pool, which will facilitate the prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.