Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of harvest time and storage conditions on almond kernel oil and sugar composition

The effect of storage for 6 months at 5 °C (80% RH) versus 20 °C (60% RH) of shelled versus in-shell almonds was studied on early versus late harvested nuts from 'Ferragnes' and 'Texas' trees. Kernel quality characteristics, oil composition and sugar composition were determined initially and after 6 months of storage. Early harvested almonds had similar kernel weight to but higher moisture content than late harvested almonds after 6 months of storage. Early harvested almonds also had similar oil quality (based on ultraviolet absorption coefficient measurements) and oil composition but lower sugar content and modified sugar composition compared with late harvested almonds. Storage of shelled almonds resulted in kernels with higher oil content, better oil quality, similar oil compo- sition, similar sugar content and some modifications in sugar composition compared with in-shell stored almonds. Finally, storage for 6 months at either 5 or 20 °C resulted in lower moisture content, higher oil content, similar oil quality and composition, similar sugar content and some modifications in sugar composition compared with freshly harvested almonds. Almonds stored at 5 °C retained higher kernel weight and moisture content than almonds stored at 20 °C. # 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Asymmetric emission of the [OIII]λ5007 profile in narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies

Context. Many active galactic nuclei (AGN) and particularly narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies, usually exhibit blueshifts and blue wings in several emission lines, which are mainly associated with outflows and strong winds. Although there is no clear evidence of the physical origin of the [OIII] blue wings, it has been suggested that they could be emitted from the inner parts of the narrow-line region (NLR). Aims. In order to study the radial velocity difference between the narrow component of Hβ and the core component of [OIII]λ5007 and the asymmetric emission of this forbidden line, we investigate a sample of NLS1 galaxies. One of the aims of this paper is to analyze the blue wings of the [OIII] 5007 profiles and their relation with the central engine. Methods. We have obtained and studied medium-resolution spectra (190 km s−1 FWHM at Hβ) of a sample of 28 NLS1 galaxies in the optical range 4300–5200 Å. We performed Gaussian decomposition to the Hβ and [OIII]λλ 4959,5007 emission profiles in order to study the distinct components of these lines. Results. A new blue outlier galaxy is found, in which the center of the core component of [OIII] is blueshifted by 405 km s−1 relative to the center of the narrow component of Hβ line. We confirmed a previously known correlation between the blueshift and the full width half maximum (FWHM) of the core component of [OIII]λ5007 line. We also corroborated the correlation between the latter and the velocity of the centroid of the blue wing. On the other hand, by studying the radial velocity difference between the blue end of the asymmetric emission and the centroid of the core component of [OIII], we found a correlation between it and the central black hole mass and, therefore, with the luminosity of the broad component of Hβ. Finally, we found a moderate correlation between the luminosity of the [OIII] blue wing and the black hole mass. Conclusions. These results suggest that the asymmetric emission of the [OIII] lines is related to the central engine, not only through the black hole but also in the intensity of the AGN, which is in agreement with previous results.
Does behaviour of heavy and light wine buyers differ

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to explore the differences in behaviour between heavy and light wine buyers. This is conducted by comparing heavy and light buyers of wine in terms of their repertoires including the size, purchase frequency and market shares across brands, as well as loyalty exhibited towards particular wine attributes. Design/methodology/approach: Using panel data of wine purchases in the UK for each buyer group (light and heavy) market shares and loyalty to wine attributes were examined. The polarisation index φ (phi) was used as a measure of loyalty. Findings: The light buyers’ market share for small brands is slightly greater than for the heavy wine buyers. Moreover, attributes such as brand type and brand share seem to drive loyalty more than expected for light wine buyers in comparison to heavy wine buyers. Practical implications: Despite their small purchase volume and contribution to a brand’s sales, light wine buyers comprise an important target group for small share wine brands. Winemakers of small brands should acknowledge this fact, trying to meet expectations of light buyers as well. In addition, direct marketing strategies could be adapted for each group individually based on the attributes that drive greater loyalty for each group.
Linking wind and interannual upwelling variability in a regional model of the southern Benguela

We quantify the wind contribution to the development of interannual sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies along the shelf of southern Africa. We compare numerical simulations that differ only in the amount of variability kept in the ERS1/2‐derived surface wind forcing. Surprisingly, most of the cold and warm episodes over the Agulhas Bank are strictly related to local fluctuations of the forcing, whereas the shelf of the west coast extending 400 km north of Cape Columbine is equally sensitive to open‐sea wind fluctuations. We diagnose the respective role of mesoscale eddy activity and of low frequency and intra‐monthly wind fluctuations in generating interannual SST variability. The fair degree of correlation obtained at a few locations between the model and concomitant observations confirms the interest of a regional numerical tool to study anomalous events in the Benguela system.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Narrative Relations for the Exploration of Cultural Heritage Archives: A Case Study on the Labyrinth system

Exploratory environments can overcome the limitations of keyword-based access, criticized for the difficulty of formulating specificqueries in large and complex domains and for its incapability ofpromoting personalized exploration paths. In this paper, we describe a task-based user study (n=16) aimed at testing the use ofa narrative model for supporting exploratory search in culturalheritage archives. The results show that a narrative model can actually support the exploration of cultural heritage archives, accommodating unknown and unexpected elements and relationsinto user-created paths, although further investigation on failed tasks is needed.
Point-Counterpoint General and speci fi c measures in organizational behavior research : Considerations , examples , and recommendations for researchers

Deliberation over and relative preference for general or specific (broad or narrow) constructs has long been an important issue in organizational behavior research. In this article, we provide a review of this general issue and some specific recommendations for researchers. We begin by discussing whether the general versus specific issue is an important debate and by discussing other underlying issues (the role of researcher preferences, distinction between reflective and formative indicators, and distinction between constructs and measures of constructs). Building on Chen’s (this issue) analysis of core self‐evaluations, we first discuss how the general–specific debate has progressed in core self‐evaluations research. We then discuss three other important areas in which this debate has played out: intelligence, five‐factor model of personality, and job attitudes. Finally, we offer a framework to help guide decisions about whether to utilize general measures, specific measures, or both and conclude by providing recommendations for the use of general and specific measures in organizational behavior research. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High Arctic tropospheric particles in winter

Physical properties of High Arctic tropospheric particles during winter L. Bourdages, T. J. Duck, G. Lesins, J. R. Drummond, and E. W. Eloranta Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA Received: 11 March 2009 – Accepted: 14 March 2009 – Published: 24 March 2009 Correspondence to: T. J. Duck (tom.duck@dal.ca) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.
Study of some chemical, physical, sensory and bacteriology characteristics of canned chicken meat imported to Sulaymaniyah markets, Iraq

This study was conducted to assess the quality of imported four brands of canned chicken meat that were (A, B, C and D ) by using different quality standard inspection tests; these are, determination the chemical compositions of moisture, protein, fat, ash, energy and as well as studying the changes in the organoleptic characters represented by measuring peroxide value, free fatty acids, thiobarbituric acid and total volatile nitrogen were carried out. The microbiological investigations involved examination of total bacteriological count, coliform bacteria, proteolytic, lipolytic and sporoforming bacteria (anaerobic) also were tested. In addition, sensory attributes were measured. There are significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) among trademarks in chemical analyses that indicated that A trademark of canned chicken meat had the highest percentage of moisture (67.05%) compared to the lowest percentages of D trademark (59.31%) and high protein contents were in B (32.10%) trademarks, while lower contents were in A 20.72% trademark. B trademarks contained low percentage of lipid (2.69%), while D trademark contained a high percentage of lipids (12.53%). C trademark appeared to have higher contents of ash (3.40%), while lower contents were in A (2.66%) trademark, and the total volatile nitrogen values for the all trademarks were non-significant. There were no significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) among all trademarks in contents of free fatty acids and thiobarbituric acid (TBA), but there are significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) among all trademarks in contents of peroxide values. Peroxide values (PV) for A, B, C and D trademarks were 0.95, 0.45, 0.65 and 0.80 meq oxygen/kg fat, respectively. Also, PV was through the allowance limits for all trademarks. There are not significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in microbial tests among all trademarks that indicated there were no aerobic bacteria in any of these trademarks. Significant differences in the sensory properties among the four trademarks observed, while there are non-significant differences in the overall acceptability of the four trademarks. Key words: Canned chicken meat, quality analysis, sensory evaluation.
Functionality in Tool Use in Western Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)

Nonhuman primates are known to use objects as tools. Amongst the great apes, gorillas seem to be the least proficient tool users. Previous research has shown that the western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) at the Buffalo Zoo use buckets, given for enrichment, to collect water (Margulis, Steele, & Kleinfelder, 2012). To further explore the cognitive ability of these gorillas, a study was designed that tested whether the gorillas could distinguish between a functional and a non-functional manipulable object. The gorillas were given four buckets, two of which had holes drilled in the bottom (the ―non-functional‖ bucket). Seventy-eight hours of videotaped data were collected to test the hypothesis that the gorillas could distinguish between the functional and the non-functional buckets for transport of liquids. Overall, gorillas interacted with functional buckets significantly more than with non- functional buckets. This pattern was driven largely by the behavior of the oldest adult female. The findings suggest that gorillas have the ability to recognize tool functionality.
Physical properties of fats in food1

Oils and fats are important ingredients in a wide variety of manufactured foods, and constitute a significant part of food recipes. The major foods in which they are used are all discussed in detail in this volume. However, it is important to note that the forms in which oils and fats are made available to food manufacturers have changed significantly over the years, particularly since the 1960s, largely because of the major shifts that have taken place in consumer lifestyles and the increasing concerns with health, food safety and a balanced diet. Many of the food products that are now available to consumers reflect this new direction. Important examples arising out of the lipid research that has followed are trans-free fatty acids, reduced high-melting, in particular saturated, fats, very-low-yellow fat emulsions, spreadable butter, aerated fats, structured oils, molecularly designed structured fats with new nutritional advantages, and so on. All these initiatives have required an in-depth understanding of the behaviour of the fats concerned so that they can be used effectively as ingredients in food. Consequently, the study of their physical properties is of major interest and is covered in this chapter. In general, fats form networks of crystal particles, maintaining specific polymorphic forms, crystal morphology and particle–particle interactions (Marangoni, 2005). The control of the physical properties of food fats has therefore been of importance in research efforts and can be considered under five headings:
Nitric Oxide Synthase in Male Urological and Andrologic Functions

Nitric oxide (NO), a crucial signaling molecule, is synthesized by the nitric oxide syn- thase (NOS) enzyme. The significant effects of NOS are under exploration, and the roles of potential therapy targets for diseases of NOS are widely accepted. In this chapter, we summarized the important roles of NOS mainly on pathogenesis of prostate diseases, male infertility, erectile dysfunction and, addition, the potential therapeutic efficacies of NOS for those diseases.
The macrofossil record of Proteaceae in Tasmania: a review with new species

About 10 taxa of Proteaceae are known from the Early Eocene in Tasmania, one from a Late Eocene site, 22 from four Early Oligocene sites, one from a Late Oligocene-Early Miocene site, 12 or 13 from two Early Pleistocene sites, and five or six from the Middle and Late Pleistocene. Most of the Tertiary fossils are of extinct species, but the extant species Lomatia fraxinifolia and Telopea truncata as well as apparent close relatives of the subalpine rainforest species Orites milliganii , and the subtropical rainforest species O. excelsa have been recorded from the Early Oligocene. None of the Early Oligocene species are known from more than one site, implying very high regional diversity, and floristic differentiation among the sites. High diversity of Proteaceae at some sites may be associated with oligotrophic soils. There is no evidence of any of the modern species-rich scleromorphic groups of Proteaceae except Banksiinae. Scleromorphy was well established in Oriteae, Embothrieae and Banksiinae by the Early Oligocene. The Early Eocene fossils have very small stomata, sparsely distributed on the leaf, which may have been due to elevated atmospheric CO 2 . All extant Tasmanian genera and many extant species as well as some extinct species were present by the Early Pleistocene. The specific diversity within the region was probably higher than it is now. In order to resolve a nomenclatural problem within the genus Proteaciphyllum , Euproteaciphyllum G.J.Jord. , R.J.Carp and R.S. HilI, gen. nov. is proposed and this name is applied to 10 previously described species, The Tasmanian fossil taxa include three new records, and nine new species: Euproteaciphyllum brookerensis G.J.Jord. , R.J.Carp. and R.S. HilI, sp. nov., and E. tasmanicum G.J.Jord. , R.J.Carp. and R.S. Hill, sp. nov. from Early Eocene sediments; and Orites milliganoides G.J.Jord. , R.J.Carp. and R.S. Hill, sp. nov., O. scleromorpha G.J.Jord. , R.J.Carp. and R.S. Hill, sp. nov., E. papillosum G.J.Jord. , R.J.Carp. and R.S. Hill, sp. nov., E. polymorphum G.J.Jord. , R.J. Carp. and R.S,HilI, sp. nov., E. microlobium G.J.Jord. , R.J.Carp. and R.S. Hill, sp. nov., E. falcatum G.J.Jord. , R.J.Carp. and R.S. HilI, sp. nov., and E. serratum G.J.Jord. , R.J.Carp. and R.S. Hill, sp. nov. from Early Oligocene sediments.
Some Imperative Issues and Challenges in Implementing Basel II for Developing Economies with Special Reference to Bangladesh

In June 2006, Basel Committee on Banking Supervision issued a comprehensive document on New Capital Adequacy Framework to replace the 1988 Basel Accord and to foster a strong emphasis on risk management and to encourage ongoing improvements in banks’ risk assessment capabilities. This paper attempts to explore some significant issues and challenges in Basel II implementation for the developing economies like Bangladesh. There are many possible negative impacts of an unchecked implementation of Basel II. The paper also tries to find out what Basel II norms should be applied and to what extent to ensure the survival and growth for the developing economies. The norms of Basel II are for strengthening the banking systems globally and this objective should not be lost. Developing Economies like ours need to be prepared and adapted to the changing global conditions and the norms for matching our economy with that of developed ones. The impact of implementation of Basel II on the banks, the industry and the society should be carefully evaluated.
Democracy Camp for Teachers: Cross-Cultural Professional Development for Preparing Educators to Create Social Justice-Minded Citizens.

The Civitas Democracy Camp for Teachers provides professional development for educators to collaboratively explore ideals of citizenship and citizenship education in democratic societies. Reported herein are the findings of a study of the camp experience of a cross-cultural group of educators who examined the concept of social justice and ways to teach their students about it. Results of the study indicate that the participants broadened their definitions of social justice, expanded their recognition of the importance of teaching about social justice, and enhanced their understandings of approaches for teaching about social justice. Further, the findings indicate that cross-cultural professional development can have positive effects in altering and expanding educators’ content and pedagogical knowledge of important international issues such as social justice.
Measurement Error and the Black-White Wage Differential

This dissertation encompasses two papers. The first paper examines the impact of measurement errors in potential experience and reported education on estimates of the Black-White wage differential. I show that measurement error is not mean zero, is distributed differently for Black and White males and, for experience, is correlated with the value of the variable measured with error. Possible conditional distributions of the true values of education and experience, given reported values, are estimated using auxiliary data. This paper introduces a Maximum Likelihood method to deal with these errors, and evaluates this method as well as other methods currently used in the gender wage differential literature. The use of the Maximum Likelihood estimation method along with traditional Multi-Sample Two-Stage Least Squares reveals that a significant portion of the estimated Black-White wage differential in a classic Mincer-style regression is due to measurement error in reported educational attainment and (especially) potential experience. Use of predicted or probabilistic measures in lieu of reported education and potential experience reduce the estimated racial wage gap in the 2000 Census from 34 percent to less than 20 percent. In the second paper, I examine how the introduction of competition from Southwest Airlines affects airfares in a variety of market structures. While the consensus of the airline literature is that entry by Southwest results in substantially reduced fares on the entered and nearby routes (known as the Southwest Effect), little attention has been paid to the differing effects across routes. This paper fills this hole in the literature in two ways. First, I use difference-in-difference estimates to determine the causal effect of Southwest entry on fares using a natural experiment (the repeal of the Wright Amendment) that allowed for competition from Southwest on routes where such competition was previously illegal. I show that, consistent with the literature, the average effect on fares of competition from Southwest is substantial. However, the per-route effect varies substantially, from a fall in fares of roughly 40% to a slight increase in fares. A fixed-effects regression centered around
Genetic parameters of butter hardness estimated by test-day model

H. Soyeurt , F. Dehareng , C. Bertozzi 4 and N. Gengler 1,5 1 Animal Science Unit, Gembloux Agricultural University, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium Fond pour la Recherche dans l’Industrie et l’Agriculture (F.R.I.A.), B-1000 Brussels, Belgium 3 Quality Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium 4 Research & Development Department, Walloon Breeders Association, B-5590 Ciney, Belgium 5 National Fund for Scientific Research (F.N.R.S.), B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
Comparison of free-living, suspended particle, and aggregate-associated bacterial and archaeal communities in the Laptev Sea

In cold oceans, the importance of microbes in degrading particulate organic matter (POM) and constraining carbon export has been questioned, given that a greater proportion of primary production reaches the seafloor at high latitudes than low latitudes. To learn more about POM-associated microbial communities in cold waters, we worked aboard the icebreaker 'Kapitan Dranitsyn' during the Nansen and Amundsen Basins Observational System (NABOS) 2005 cruise to the Laptev Sea, a river-impacted region in the Siberian Arctic, to sample 3 size fractions of particles operationally defined as sinking aggregates (>60 μm), smaller suspended particles (1 to 60 μm), and free-living bacteria (0.22 to 1 μm). Sample temperatures and depths ranged from -1.6 to 1.5°C and 25 to 150 m, respectively. Analysis of associated microbial communities using 16S rRNA gene-based clone libraries and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) indicated greatest diversity and richness in the smaller size fractions and significantly different communities in the aggregate fraction for both Bacteria and Archaea. The most abundant clones in the bacterial libraries were Gammaproteobacteria, followed by members of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides (CFB) group and Alphaproteobacteria; the archaeal libraries contained primarily Marine Group I Crenarchaeota. Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that bacterial communities, especially those associated with aggregates, were influenced by riverine input and temperature. Determinants of archaeal communities were less clear, but temperature appeared important. Distinctions in bacterial and archaeal community complexity observed among the different particle size classes suggest the importance of particle residence time in structuring associated microbial communities and defining their biogeochemical roles.