Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mothers' Perspectives on Follow-up for Postpartum Depression Screening in Primary Care

Objective: To qualitatively assess mothers' perspectives on barriers to and facilitators of follow-up of at-risk postpartum depression (PPD) screening test results. Methods: We conducted semistructured qualitative telephone interviews with 17 women who scored in the moderate or high-risk range on the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. Interviews explored personal experience with depressive symptoms, barriers and facilitators to receiving mental health care postpartum, and suggestions for primary care follow-up of at-risk screens. The team created a coding structure that was updated during review of transcripts. Findings were triangulated and external validity assessed via discussions with a mother who experienced PPD, a perinatal social worker, and a perinatal psychologist. Results: Personal health/attitude, family/friends, community, and health care system factors influenced mothers' follow-up of at-risk PPD screening test results. Health and personal attitude factors included anxiety, physical and emotional exhaustion, self-care and recognition of symptoms, and living up to personal and family expectations. Family/friend factors included material and emotional support and competing priorities. Community factors included child care affordability and availability, access to transportation, geographic access to resources, social networks, and community mental health stigma. Health care factors included pediatrician taking the mother's symptoms seriously, adequate time with the pediatrician, mother and pediatrician focus on the child's health, and access to mental health referrals. Conclusion: Addressing barriers to follow-up after PPD screening may enable better service access for at-risk families.
Pitfalls of Graph Neural Network Evaluation

Semi-supervised node classification in graphs is a fundamental problem in graph mining, and the recently proposed graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved unparalleled results on this task. Due to their massive success, GNNs have attracted a lot of attention, and many novel architectures have been put forward. In this paper we show that existing evaluation strategies for GNN models have serious shortcomings. We show that using the same train/validation/test splits of the same datasets, as well as making significant changes to the training procedure (e.g. early stopping criteria) precludes a fair comparison of different architectures. We perform a thorough empirical evaluation of four prominent GNN models and show that considering different splits of the data leads to dramatically different rankings of models. Even more importantly, our findings suggest that simpler GNN architectures are able to outperform the more sophisticated ones if the hyperparameters and the training procedure are tuned fairly for all models.
Modelling group dynamics in epidemic opinion propagation

Motivated by weblogs and discussion forums, epidemic opinion propagation on affiliation networks is investigated. An affiliation network is a bi-partite graph describing the connections between individuals and their affiliations. In contrast to epidemics on complex networks, the epidemic spreading process in the current setting is not the consequence of pairwise interactions among individuals but of a group dynamic. We derive a Markov model for the epidemic process and its fluid limit obtained by sending the population size to infinity while keeping the number of affiliations constant. This results in a set of modified SIR-like ordinary differential equations. Different types of group dynamics are studied numerically and the accuracy of the fluid limit is verified by simulation.
The Computational Properties of a Simplified Cortical Column Model

The mammalian neocortex has a repetitious, laminar structure and performs functions integral to higher cognitive processes, including sensory perception, memory, and coordinated motor output. What computations does this circuitry subserve that link these unique structural elements to their function? Potjans and Diesmann (2014) parameterized a four-layer, two cell type (i.e. excitatory and inhibitory) model of a cortical column with homogeneous populations and cell type dependent connection probabilities. We implement a version of their model using a displacement integro-partial differential equation (DiPDE) population density model. This approach, exact in the limit of large homogeneous populations, provides a fast numerical method to solve equations describing the full probability density distribution of neuronal membrane potentials. It lends itself to quickly analyzing the mean response properties of population-scale firing rate dynamics. We use this strategy to examine the input-output relationship of the Potjans and Diesmann cortical column model to understand its computational properties. When inputs are constrained to jointly and equally target excitatory and inhibitory neurons, we find a large linear regime where the effect of a multi-layer input signal can be reduced to a linear combination of component signals. One of these, a simple subtractive operation, can act as an error signal passed between hierarchical processing stages.
Socioeconomic Status and Adolescent Alcohol Involvement: Evidence for a Gene-Environment Interaction.

OBJECTIVE Adolescence is an optimal developmental stage for examining the interplay of environmental factors and the genetic risk for alcohol involvement. The current study aimed to examine how socioeconomic status might interact with genetic risk for alcohol involvement among adolescents. METHOD A total of 839 same-sex adolescent twin pairs (509 monozygotic and 330 dizygotic) from the 1962 National Merit Twin Study completed a questionnaire containing items assessing alcohol involvement. Twins were approximately 17 years old at the time of participation. Parents provided reports of family income and educational attainment. Models were fit examining parental education and family income as moderators of genetic and environmental influences on alcohol use. RESULTS There was evidence for moderation of genetic and environmental influences on alcohol involvement by family income. For twins with the lowest levels of family income, genetic and shared environmental influences accounted for 50% and 26% of the variance in alcohol involvement, respectively, compared with 2% and 67% of the variance among those at the highest level of income. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that etiological influences on alcohol involvement vary as a function of an adolescent's socioeconomic status.
“A Fine Line That We Walk Every Day”: Self-Care Approaches Used by Family Caregivers of Persons with Dementia

Abstract Individuals living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) often exhibit behavioral and psychological symptoms of distress that can contribute to the strain experienced by their family caregivers. This strain can increase levels of stress for family caregivers and reduce quality of life, which can have a negative impact on physical health and wellbeing for both the caregiver and the person with ADRD. This study used blogs written by family caregivers of persons with ADRD to explore self-care strategies practiced by these caregivers. Using a qualitative thematic analysis, seven themes related to self-care approaches used by caregivers of persons with ADRD were identified: (1) health and wellness; (2) altruism and activism; (3) reminiscing and legacy building; (4) social support; (5) information exchange; (6) organization and planning; and (7) spirituality. By understanding the ways in which caregivers for someone with ADRD practice self-care, interventions and services can be developed in an effort to improve caregiver quality of life.
Investigation of stress and nursing support in mothers of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units.

BACKGROUND The birth and hospitalisation of a premature infant in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are stressful experiences for the mother and the family. The support of neonatal nurses is necessary to control and reduce the stress of mothers. And nurse-parent support may play a role in effective stress management and make a positive contribution to the health of mothers. AIM To determine the correlation of stress and nurse-parent support levels with mothers' age and educational status, number of children, gestational week of the infant and the hospitalisation period of the infant among mothers of premature infants hospitalised in the NICU. METHODS This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in the NICUs of two medical faculties. The study was conducted between March and June 2017 with the participation of 106 mothers with hospitalised premature infants. The data of the study were collected using a 'mother information form', Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Nurse-Parent Support Tool. Number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, analysis of variance test, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the data. RESULTS It was determined that the stress levels were high in mothers regarding their PSS: NICU parental role subscale. The stress levels of mothers with infants connected to mechanical ventilation and fed parenterally were high (p < 0.05). The nurse support levels of mothers with middle- and low-income status were high. Multiple regression analysis, mechanical ventilation was determined to be effective in the use of the PSS:NICU total score (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS As a result, it was determined that mechanical ventilation and parenteral nutrition of the infant increased the stress level of mothers. Furthermore, in the study, the Nurse-Parent Support score of the mothers with middle- and low-income status was higher.
Do Strike Patterns or Shoe Conditions have a Predominant Influence on Foot Loading?

Abstract This study aimed to explore the effects of strike patterns and shoe conditions on foot loading during running. Twelve male runners were required to run under shoe (SR) and barefoot conditions (BR) with forefoot (FFS) and rearfoot strike patterns (RFS). Kistler force plates and the Medilogic insole plantar pressure system were used to collect kinetic data. SR with RFS significantly reduced the maximum loading rate, whereas SR with FFS significantly increased the maximum push-off force compared to BR. Plantar pressure variables were more influenced by the strike patterns (15 out of 18 variables) than shoe conditions (7 out of 18 variables). The peak pressure of midfoot and heel regions was significantly increased in RFS, but appeared in a later time compared to FFS. The influence of strike patterns on running, particularly on plantar pressure characteristics, was more significant than that of shoe conditions. Heel-toe running caused a significant impact force on the heel, whereas wearing cushioned shoes significantly reduced the maximum loading rate. FFS running can prevent the impact caused by RFS. However, peak plantar pressure was centered at the forefoot for a long period, thereby inducing a potential risk of injury in the metatarsus/phalanx.
Different Statistical Approaches to Characterization of Adipocyte Size in Offspring of Obese Rats: Effects of Maternal or Offspring Exercise Intervention

Adipocyte size (AS) shows asymmetric distribution related to current metabolic state, e.g., adipogenesis or lipolysis. We profiled AS distribution using different statistical approaches in offspring (F1) of control (C) and obese (MO) mothers (F0) with and without F0 or F1 exercise. Offspring from F0 exercise were designated CF0ex and MOF0ex. Exercised F1 of sedentary mothers were designated CF1ex and MOF1ex. F1 retroperitoneal fat cross-sectional AS was measured by median, cumulative distributions, data dispersion and extreme values based on gamma distribution modeling. F1 metabolic parameters: body weight, retroperitoneal fat, adiposity index (AI), serum leptin, triglycerides (TG) and insulin resistance index (IRI) were measured. Male and female F1 AS showed different cumulative distribution between C and MO (p < 0.0001) therefore comparisons were performed among C, CF0ex and CF1ex groups and MO, MOF0ex and MOF1ex groups. MO AI was higher than C (p < 0.05) and male MOF1ex AI lower than MO (p < 0.05). Median AS was higher in male and female MO vs. C (p < 0.05). Male and female MOF0ex and MOF1ex reduced median AS (p < 0.05). Lower AS dispersion was observed in male CF1ex and MOF1ex vs. CF0ex and MOF0ex, respectively. MO reduced small and increased large adipocyte proportions vs. C (p < 0.05); MOF0ex increased small and MOF1ex the proportion of large adipocytes vs. MO (p < 0.05). MOF0ex reduced male IRI and female TG vs. MO (p < 0.05). MOF1ex reduced male and female leptin (p < 0.05); CF1ex reduced male leptin (p < 0.05). Conclusions: several factors, diet, physical activity and gender modify AS distribution. Conventional AS distribution methods normally do not include analyzes of extreme, large and small adipocytes, which characterize different phenotypes. Maternal high fat diet affects F1 AS distribution, which was programmed during development. F0ex and F1ex have gender specific F1 beneficial effects. AS distribution characterization helps explain adipose tissue metabolic changes in different physiological conditions and will aid design of efficacious interventions to prevent and/or recuperate adverse developmental programming outcomes. Finally, precise identification of effects of specific interventions as exercise of F0 and/or F1 are needed to improve outcomes in obese women and their obesity prone offspring.
Patient understanding, expectations, outcomes, and satisfaction regarding surgical management of shoulder instability

ABSTRACT Shoulder instability is a common condition encountered by sports medicine and shoulder surgeons. Management can be challenging, both with regards to the underlying pathology and the high expectations associated with the very active patient population that this condition typically affects. High-performance athletes who are used to performing at activity levels which typically challenge the normal physiologic limits of the glenohumeral joint may be particularly difficult to treat. As physicians increasingly evaluate patient reported outcomes (PROs), a growing body of literature has emerged related to patient expectations for a variety of orthopaedic conditions, including shoulder instability. Physicians may face difficulty when using the literature to counsel patients due to the difference between a successful PRO and true patient satisfaction. Having a better understanding of patient expectations may improve preoperative evaluation, patient counseling, postoperative PROs, and patient satisfaction with shoulder instability surgery. The purpose of this paper was to review the literature regarding patient understanding of shoulder instability injuries, expectations following surgical repair of shoulder instability pathology, and satisfaction with operative intervention. Additionally, we sought to determine the effect of patient expectations on outcomes.
Recent Studies on Ponatinib in Cancers Other Than Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Ponatinib is a third line drug for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia patients, especially those that develop the gatekeeper mutation T315I, which is resistant to the first and the second line drugs imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib and bosutinib. The compound was first identified as a pan Bcr-Abl and Src kinase inhibitor. Further studies have indicated that it is a multitargeted inhibitor that is active on FGFRs, RET, AKT, ERK1/2, KIT, MEKK2 and other kinases. For this reason, the compound has been evaluated on several cancers in which these kinases play important roles, including thyroid, breast, ovary and lung cancer, neuroblastoma, rhabdoid tumours and in myeloproliferative disorders. Ponatinib is also being tested in clinical trials to evaluate its activity in FLT3-ITD acute myelogenous leukemia, head and neck cancers, certain type of lung cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumours and other malignancies. In this review we report the most recent preclinical and clinical studies on ponatinib in cancers other than CML, with the aim of giving a complete overview of this interesting compound.
Approaching MIMO-OFDM Capacity with Per Antenna Power and Rate Feedback

For block fading channls, the delay-limited capacity measures the maximum constant-rate achievable over all fading blocks under the availability of complete channel knowledge at both the transmitter and the receiver. In this paper, we consider constant-rate transmissions over MIMO-OFDM block fading channels, under the condition that the channel is known at the receiver but unknown at the transmitter. We consider the well-known V-BLAST architecture that employs independently encoded data for each transmit antenna and present a closedloop extension of V-BLAST whereby the receiver jointly optimizes the rate and power assignments for each transmit antenna and then informs them to the transmitter via a low-rate feedback channel. Simulation results have confirmed that the closed-loop V-BLAST architecture can approach closely the channel delaylimited capacity if a capacity-achieving scalar code is used at each transmit antenna.
Acceleration and Speed Performance of Brazilian Elite Soccer Players of Different Age-Categories

Abstract This study aimed to compare vertical jump ability (squat-jump [SJ] and countermovement-jump [CMJ]), relative to body mass mean propulsive power in the jump-squat (MPP-REL JS), and the 0-5, 5-10, and 10-20 m acceleration and speed among soccer players from the same professional club, divided into age-categories (U15 [n = 20], U17 [n = 53], U20 [n = 22] and senior [n = 25] players). The tests were performed at the start of the preseason in indoor facilities. The magnitude-based inference approach and the standardized differences (based on effect sizes) were used to compare the age-groups. The SJ, CMJ, and MPP-REL JS increased across the age-groups up to U20, the latter being similar to senior players. Interestingly, the 0-5 m acceleration was likely and possibly higher in U15 players compared to U17 and senior players. Although soccer athletes improve their unloaded and loaded jump abilities across the age-categories (plateauing during adulthood), the same does not hold true for acceleration capacity, from the early phases of players’ development (i.e., U15). Strength and conditioning professionals should seek effective strategies to minimize impairment in maximal acceleration performance of elite soccer players throughout their prospective training programs.
Head Growth and Intelligence from Birth to Adulthood in Very Preterm and Term Born Individuals

Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of infant and toddler head growth on intelligence scores from early childhood to adulthood in very preterm (<32 weeks gestational age; VP) and/or very low birth weight (<1500 g; VLBW) and term born individuals. Methods: 203 VP/VLBW and 198 term comparisons were studied from birth to adulthood as part of the prospective geographically defined Bavarian Longitudinal Study (BLS). Head circumference was assessed at birth; 5, 20 months; and 4 years of age. Intelligence was assessed with standardized tests in childhood (6 and 8 years: K-ABC) and at 26 years (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, WAIS). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to model the effect of head growth on IQ. Results: On average, VP/VLBW had lower head circumference at birth (27.61 cm vs. 35.11 cm, mean difference 7.49, 95% confidence interval [7.09–7.90]) and lower adult intelligence scores (88.98 vs. 102.54, mean difference 13.56 [10.59–16.53]) than term born comparison individuals. Head circumference at birth (e.g., total effect β=.48; p<.001 for adult IQ) and head growth in childhood predicted intelligence development from age 6 to 26 years in both VP/VLBW and term born individuals (70% of variance in adult IQ explained by full model). Effects of gestation and birth weight on intelligence were fully mediated by head circumference and growth. Conclusions: This longitudinal investigation from birth to adulthood indicates head growth as a proxy of brain development and intelligence. Repeated early head circumference assessment adds valuable information when screening for long-term neurocognitive risk. (JINS, 2019, 25, 48#x2013;56)
Universal Polarization for Processes with Memory

A transform that is universally polarizing over a set of channels with memory is presented. Memory may be present in both the channel and its input. Both the encoder and the decoder are aware of the input distribution, which is fixed. Only the decoder is aware of the actual channel being used. The transform is used to design a universal code for this scenario. The code is to have vanishing error probability when used over any channel in the set, and achieve the infimal information rate over the set. Universal polarization is established under two key properties: memory in the form of an underlying hidden Markov state sequence that is aperiodic and irreducible and a new property: forgetfulness.
Early prediction of revascularisation by angiomotin-targeting positron emission tomography

This study aimed to develop a PET imaging agent of angiomotin (AMOT) expression, a potential biomarker of functional tissue regeneration in post-ischaemic conditions. Methods: Hindlimb ischaemia was induced by ligature and resection of the right femoral artery in mice, and clinical score and limb perfusion were evaluated up to 30 days after surgery. AMOT expression was evaluated by histology and Western blot analysis. NODAGA-conjugates of AMOT ligand, sCD146, were designed, synthesised and radiolabelled with gallium-68. 68Ga-sCD146 microPET/CT imaging was performed from day 1 to day 30 after ischaemia. 68Ga-sCD146 specificity for AMOT was evaluated by autoradiography. Results: Immunohistochemistry showed a significant endothelial overexpression of AMOT from day 5 up to day 10 in the ischaemic hindlimb. 68Ga-sCD146 PET signal intensity correlated significantly with AMOT immunohistochemistry evaluation. 68Ga-sCD146 PET imaging showed a significant uptake in the ischaemic hindlimb from day 2 to day 15, peaking on day 5 (ipsi/contralateral ratio = 2.4 ± 1.3, P = 0.0005) and significantly decreased after pharmacological blocking (62.57 ± 11% decrease in PET signal P = 0.032). Finally, we observed a significant correlation between day 5 68Ga-sCD146 PET signal intensity and clinical recovery (day 28) or hindlimb perfusion recovery (day 30). Conclusions: This work reports for the first time an early and sustained increase in AMOT expression after hindlimb ischaemia in mice. We therefore developed an AMOT-targeting imaging agent, 68Ga-sCD146, and showed its specific uptake up to 21 days after ischaemic hindlimb using microPET imaging. Correlation of early post-ischaemic PET signal with both delayed perfusion recovery and clinical outcome allows us to postulate that 68Ga-sCD146 represents a promising radiotracer for tissue angiogenesis assessment.