Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antibiotics Use Evaluation for Pediatrics at Nekemte Referral Hospital, East Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, West Ethiopia

Information about drug utilization at the level of health institutions in Ethiopia is scanty although a large segment of the patients are being served at these health institutions. Drug use evaluation(DUE) is a performance improvement method that focuses on evaluation and improvement of drug use processes to achieve optimal patient outcomes. It is used to ensure that drugs-are used appropriately safely and effectively to improve patients' health status. The purpose of the study is to evaluate antibiotic use pattern for pediatrics at selected health institutions. Retrospective cross-sectional drug use evaluation was conducted at NRH, Nekemte, East Wollega Zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Pediatric patients with at least one antibiotic drug prescribed on their medical card at NRH were study population. A total of 341 patients' medical cards with at least one antibiotic were reviewed. The study reveal that most antibiotics were prescribed for empirical treatment and least as prophylactic treatment, 83.58% and 2.93%, respectively. Orally administered antibiotics contributed to the higher proportion 74%. An effort has been made to observe age and sex distribution of patients and the ratio of male to female were 1.11:1. The most age group treated by antibiotics was 1-5 year which accounts 43.11% of which 22.9% were males and 20.2% were females. While the least age group treated by antibiotics were those of less than six months. The maximum number of antibiotics concomitantly prescribed was two and the average number of antibiotics per patient was 1.09. The most leading class of antibiotics prescribed was penicillin 36.73%. There were inappropriate dose 16.62%, inappropriate frequency 7.51% and inappropriate duration 10.46%. More than seven concomitantly prescribed drugs have the potential drug-drug interaction. Also 11.80%, 2.95% and 23.06% were not indicated dose, frequency and duration; respectively. Less frequent combination of antibiotics was also prescribed. Prescribers should include all necessary information on patient card and the hospital should provide all necessary references including STG and antibiotic prescribing policy.
The "dis-affected" patient: reflections on affect pathology.

The author attempts to conceptualize a phenomenon that frequently passes unnoticed for a considerable period of time in the course of an analysis. An apparently "normal" psychoanalytic discourse may reveal that the analysand who produces it is using words and ideas that are largely, perhaps totally, devoid of affect for him; instead, the analyst tends to become "affected. " This may appear in a wide variety of clinical categories: "narcissistic personality disorders," "psychosomatic personalities," "as-if characters," etc. The author does not seek to add to the clinical categories but to study, from the point of view of the psychic economy, the manner in which this specific form of psychic functioning is maintained: in other words, the vicissitudes of unavailable affect.
Risk Pricing in Construction Tenders - How, Who, What

Construction projects are most commonlyprocured in Australia by means of atraditional design-tender-build model,whereby design is largely completed thencontractors submit tenders in acompetitive environment. Constructioncontractors must consider risks within theirtenders. This paper reports the researchfindings into pricing for risk in competitivetenders by construction contractors. Theresearch is based on structured interviewswith 10 contracting personnel;supplemented by 23 responses ofconstruction personnel from an onlinesurvey. Two common methods to price forrisk are a trade-by-trade basis or anoverall percentage or lump sum addition tothe base estimate. Experience andintuition plays a significant role in pricingfor risk in tenders and the number andtype of people involved varies with projectsize, with greater involvement as projectsize increases. The most significant riskspriced in tenders were: availability ofresources; design or documentation errors;incomplete design; buildability issues; andinclement weather. The most significantproject factors considered by contractorswhen pricing for risk in tenders are: valueof liquidated damages; type ofcontract/procurement; completeness ofdocumentation; project complexity; and. current workload. These risks and projectfactors are primarily those over which thecontractor has limited or no control.
A WIDEBAND CHANNEL MODEL FOR AERONAUTICAL TELEMETRY — PART 2: MODELING RESULTS

This paper is the second of two papers that present a multipath channel model for wideband aeronautical telemetry. Channel sounding data were collected at Edwards AFB, California at both L-Band and lower S-Band. Frequency domain analysis techniques were used to evaluate candidate channel models. The channel model is composed of three propagation paths: a line-of-sight path, and two specular reflections. The first specular reflection is characterized by a relative amplitude of 70% to 96% of the line-of-sight amplitude and and a delay of 10 – 80 ns. This path is the result of “ground bounces” off the dry lake bed at Edwards and is a typical terrain feature at DoD test ranges located in the Western USA. The amplitude and delay of this path are defined completely by the flight path geometry. The second path is a much lower amplitude path with a longer delay. The gain of this path is well modeled as a zero-mean complex Gaussian random variable. The relative amplitude is on the order of 2% to 8% of the line-of-sight amplitude. The mean excess delay is 155 ns with an RMS delay spread of 74 ns.
Teaching NeuroImages: FDG-PET in progressive supranuclear palsy

A 74-year-old man presented with falls, dysphagia, and personality change. Examination showed axial parkinsonism (without response to levodopa), low pitched dysarthria, supranuclear vertical gaze palsy, decreased blinking, square-wave jerks, primitive reflexes, apathy, and decreased verbal fluency. Brain MRI showed dorsal midbrain and frontal …
Actions and automorphisms of crossed modules

RESUME. — II est bien connu que Ie groupe des automorphismes d'un groupe N fait partie d'un module croise N —>- Aut N. Dans cet article, on etudie des structures plus compliquees, par exemple les carres croises, qui correspondent aux automorphismes des modules croises. On peut ainsi etudier les actions et les produits semi-directs des modules croises. ABSTRACT. — It is standard that the automorphisms of a group N fit into a crossed module N —f Aut N. This paper explores the corresponding more elaborate structures, for example crossed squares, into which fits the automorphism group of a crossed module. This also enables accounts of actions and semi-direct products of crossed modules.
Disrupting Class How Disruptive Innovation Will Change the Way the World Learns

This book deals with a very important theme that is perhaps "the issue" of the decade i.e. improving education. However, this book takes a different approach to this allimportant subject by focusing on models, approach, powerful technologies and most importantly, innovation to look at the problem. The authors demonstrate very early in the book that the challenges facing our education process is not due to lack of funding, absence of technology, teaching models or other reasons. Instead the problem lies in the fundamental underlying approach to learning. They emphasize the need to motivate the students and develop an environment that is able to answer the most important question standardized teaching or customized learning?
Panic Disorder in Schizophrenia

Objective: To determine the frequency of panic attacks and panic disorder inpatients with chronic schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Method: Fifty-three male outpatients meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria for chronic schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were administered sections of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). If panic attacks were reported, patients were queried about treatment and about onset relative to psychotic symptoms. Results: Forty-nine patients were sufficiently organized to participate in the evaluation. Twenty-one (43%) experienced panic attacks, and 16 (33%) had current or past panic disorder. Eight (50%) of the 16 with panic disorder had been treated for panic. Substance dependence was not associated with having panic attacks or current or past panic disorder. Patients with paranoid schizophrenia were more likely than patients with schizoaffective or undifferentiated schizophrenia to have experienced panic attacks (57% versus 20%, %2 = 6.0, P < 0.02) or panic disorder (47% versus 10%, χ2 = 6.9, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Panic attacks and panic disorder are common in men with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Panic disorder may be an overlooked comorbid diagnosis in patients with schizophrenia.
Maternal reflective functioning, mother–infant affective communication, and infant attachment: Exploring the link between mental states and observed caregiving behavior in the intergenerational transmission of attachment

Abstract This study examines the link between mental representations and maternal behavior within the intergenerational transmission of attachment. Maternal reflective functioning was hypothesized to predict the quality of mother – infant affective communication based on the AMBIANCE measure. Each of these measures was also considered as a predictor of the quality of infant attachment. The subjects were 45 mothers and their 10 – 14-month-old infants. Results supported each of the study's major hypotheses. The AMBIANCE measure and the reflective functioning measure had a strong negative correlation. Thus, the level of disruption in mother – infant affective communication was inversely related to the level of maternal reflective functioning. The AMBIANCE measure was also shown to be a very good predictor of infant attachment. Mothers with high AMBIANCE scores were more likely to have infants classified as disorganized or resistant, whereas mothers with low AMBIANCE scores were more likely to have infants classified as secure. A linear regression analysis indicated that maternal behavior mediates the impact of maternal reflective functioning upon infant attachment. Implications for attachment theory and early intervention are explored.
Impact of Internal Audit and Audit Committee Characteristics on External Audit Fees: A Case Study of Banks in Bangladesh

This paper examines whether characteristics of an audit committee and the internal audit function (IAF) affect the external audit fee. Despite extensive research on the determinants of external audit fees and quality audit work, there is little empirical evidence on the effect of internal audit contribution on the external audit fee. Using a regressional model, rotated component and correlation matrix based on prior audit fee research, this study provides evidence that internal audit contribution is a significant determinant of the external audit fee and quality audit. Further, a second model that provides evidence on the determinants of internal audit contribution is developed and tested. This second model indicates that external audit work is influenced by internal audit quality, internal audit factors, business size and reputation of the firm, profitability and location of the firm, industry condition and hierarchy of the audit team and the extent of coordination between internal and external auditors. These results are based on a unique data-set comprised of publicly-available data matched with survey responses from internal auditors affiliated with numerous banking institutions in Bangladesh. The reseachers revealed that the higher percentage of contribution by internal auditors having finance or accounting background more time spent aiding the external auditors or performing financial audit task, the lower the unexpected external audit fee. Nonetheless, these results provide evidence that high quality IAFs are associated with lower external audit fee.
Target Capital Structure and Transitory Debt: Evidence from Reverse LBOs

Traditional target structure theories predict that all financing decisions move firms towards target capital structures. On the other hand, transitory debt hypothesis predicts that firms deliberately but temporarily deviate from target capital structures to fund a particular corporate action and then de-lever to re-build debt capacity. In a leveraged buyout, the maximum possible amount of debt is used to acquire the assets or stock of the target firm. This disruption in financial policy provides a laboratory to test the prediction of the transitory debt hypothesis. Our results show that firms quickly reduce their debt ratios to levels near target ratios at the time of the reverse LBO. A minority of firms in the sample increase debt significantly after the reverse LBO. In accordance with the transitory debt hypothesis, these firms value the option to borrow and decrease their debt levels accordingly so that they can preserve the option to borrow for future. When the firms have valuable investment options, they once again issue transitory debt deliberately but temporarily, they move away from their target leverage ratios, use the proceeds from the issue mainly for investment purposes, and they revert back to the target leverage levels gradually.
The Earnings Advantage of Landed Immigrants Who Were Previously Temporary Residents in Canada

Although most Canadian temporary foreign worker programs did not include provisions that allow participants to apply for permanent residency until recently, a substantial number of temporary foreign workers have become landed immigrants since the 1980s. For instance, from 2008 to 2012, about 32,000 temporary foreign workers gained permanent residency each year, accounting for 13% of the total inflow of landed immigrants. This paper examines the earnings of economic immigrants who initially arrived as temporary residents and held a work or study permit, and compares them to economic immigrants who were directly selected as permanent residents from abroad.
Does Governance Matter? Keiretsu Alliances and Asset Specificity as Sources of Japanese Competitive Advantage

This empirical study suggests that Japanese competitive advantage in complex-product industries is at least partly due to differences in value chain governance and interfirm asset co-specialization. Comparative data are offered which indicate that U.S. firms rely largely on markets and hierarchies to facilitate exchange, whereas Japanese firms rely largely on “hybrid” governance or alliances. The empirical findings suggest that Japanese automotive firms (value chains) have been able to achieve a competitive advantage over their U.S. counterparts by effectively using hybrid/alliance governance for three primary reasons: (1) Japanese automotive value chains are characterized by greater interfirm asset co-specialization than U.S. chains . In particular, greater human asset co-specialization between firms results in superior coordination, information sharing, and learning which is critical in complex-product industries, (2) hybrids/alliances as employed by Japanese automakers realize virtually all of the advantages of hierarchy (e.g., asset co-specialization) without the disadvantages (e.g., loss of market discipline, loss of flexibility, higher labor costs), and (3) Japanese automotive value chains incur lower transaction costs than U.S. value chains . Thus, alliances, as structured in Japan, simultaneously realize the benefits of decentralization and competition without sacrificing economies of scale, coordination, or co-specialization of assets. These findings support transaction cost theories which suggest that effectively aligning governance structures with transactions will result in efficiency advantages. However, inconsistent with extant transaction cost theory, findings from this study suggest that: (1) hybrid governance may be more efficient than hierarchical governance under conditions of uncertainty, and (2) transaction costs do not necessarily increase with an increase in asset specificity.
In Vivo Evaluation of 3-Dimensional Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for Cartilage Repair in Rabbits

Background Cartilage tissue engineering using synthetic scaffolds allows maintaining mechanical integrity and withstanding stress loads in the body, as well as providing a temporary substrate to which transplanted cells can adhere. Purpose This study evaluates the use of polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds for the regeneration of articular cartilage in a rabbit model. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods Five conditions were tested to attempt cartilage repair. To compare spontaneous healing (from subchondral plate bleeding) and healing due to tissue engineering, the experiment considered the use of osteochondral defects (to allow blood flow into the defect site) alone or filled with bare PCL scaffold and the use of PCL-chondrocytes constructs in chondral defects. For the latter condition, 1 series of PCL scaffolds was seeded in vitro with rabbit chondrocytes for 7 days and the cell/scaffold constructs were transplanted into rabbits’ articular defects, avoiding compromising the subchondral bone. Cell pellets and bare scaffolds were implanted as controls in a chondral defect. Results After 3 months with PCL scaffolds or cells/PCL constructs, defects were filled with white cartilaginous tissue; integration into the surrounding native cartilage was much better than control (cell pellet). The engineered constructs showed histologically good integration to the subchondral bone and surrounding cartilage with accumulation of extracellular matrix including type II collagen and glycosaminoglycan. The elastic modulus measured in the zone of the defect with the PCL/cells constructs was very similar to that of native cartilage, while that of the pellet-repaired cartilage was much smaller than native cartilage. Conclusion The results are quite promising with respect to the use of PCL scaffolds as aids for the regeneration of articular cartilage using tissue engineering techniques.
Time Varying Arbitrage Pricing Factors in the Mexican Stock Market

This paper examines the pricing of macroeconomic factors in the Mexican stock market. Using a larger sample of 180 stocks traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange for a longer period December 1991 to June 2010, we construct portfolios a la Fama and French and test the APT model. Making use of a more robust methodology, ITNLSUR regressions, little evidence is found in favor of the APT specification. The most pervasive risk factor appears to be the market return although the exchange rate is also priced as a systematic risk factor. Changes in the risk premium factors are observed between the 1994-95 Mexican crisis and the post-crisis period.
Expenditure-based segmentation of visitors to Aardklop National Arts Festival

Competition in the festival market has important implications for South African arts/cultural festivals. To assist a festival to remain sustainable, market segmentation is an effective tool to divide existing and potential markets into homogenous groups based on meaningful characteristics. The aim of this article is to segment visitors (by using visitor expenditure as segmentation method) to one of South Africa's largest arts festivals, namely the Aardklop National Arts Festival held annually in Potchefstroom in the North West province. A questionnaire survey (N=1 671) was conducted annually at the festival and data from 2005 to 2008 were analysed. In the results four expenditure segments were identified and the analysis confirmed significant differences in socio-demographic and behavioural variables/characteristics between these different expenditure groups. Managerial and marketing implications are consequently proposed for the festival organisers.
caling analysis of baseline dual-axis cervical ccelerometry signals

Dual-axis cervical accelerometry is an emerging approach for the assessment of swallowing difficulties. However, the baseline signals, i.e., vibration signals with only quiet breathing or apnea but without swallowing, are not well understood. In particular, to comprehend the contaminant effects of head motion on cervical accelerometry, we need to study the scaling behavior of these baseline signals. Dual-axis accelerometry data were collected from 50 healthy adult participants under conditions of quiet breathing, apnea and selected head motions, all in the absence of swallowing. The denoised cervical vibrations were subjected to detrended fluctuation analysis with empirically determined first-order detrending. Strong persistence was identified in cervical vibration signals in both anterior–posterior (A–P) and superior–inferior (S–I) directions, under all the above experimental conditions. Vibrations in the A–P axes exhibited stronger correlations than those in the S–I axes, possibly as a result of axis-specific effects of vasomotion. In both axes, stronger correlations were found in the presence of head motion than without, suggesting that head movement significantly impacts baseline cervical accelerometry. No gender or age effects were found on statistical persistence of either vibration axes. Future developments of cervical accelerometry-based medical devices should actively mitigate the effects of head movement. tude of swallowing accelerometry signals. These include small . Introduction he videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) is the curent gold standard for the detection and management of ysphagia (swallowing difficulties) [1]. Nevertheless, VFSS is ot suitable for ongoing monitoring due to excessive expoure to radiation, long waiting lists at hospitals and lack of vailability in many communities [2,3]. In recent years, swalowing accelerometry has emerged as an alternative approach or non-invasive assessment of swallowing disorders [4,5]. wallowing accelerometry is a technique involving the attach∗ Corresponding author. +1 416 425 6220x3515. E-mail addresses: esejdic@ieee.org (E. Sejdić), steele.catriona@toron 169-2607/$ – see front matter © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights res oi:10.1016/j.cmpb. 2010.06. 010 © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. ment of an accelerometer at the patient’s neck. Traditionally, single-axis accelerometers were used [6–9]. However, it has been shown recently that dual-axis accelerometers yield more information and enhance diagnostic capabilities [10,11], likely as a result of the two-dimensional movement of the hyoid and the larynx during swallowing [12,13]. In previous contributions it has been noted that various phenomena, not related to swallowing, can alter the amplitorehab.on. ca (C.M. Steele), tom.chau@utoronto.ca (T. Chau). low-frequency vibrations observed in the baseline state (e.g., [14]) or head motion effects during swallowing (e.g., [10,11]). However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no contribu-