Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Child-Directed Interaction Training for Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Parent and Child Outcomes

This study examined the efficacy of the Child-Directed Interaction Training (CDIT) phase of Parent–Child Interaction Therapy for children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Thirty mother–child dyads with children ages 3–7 years with a diagnosis of ASD participated in this randomized controlled study. Following manualized CDIT, statistically significant and meaningful improvements in child disruptive behavior and social awareness as well as maternal distress associated with child disruptive behavior occurred. Across 8 sessions, mothers learned to provide positive attention to their children's appropriate social and play behaviors. Both child and parent changes were maintained at 6-week follow-up. A relatively brief, time-limited, and accessible intervention may be efficacious for improving child and parent behaviors in families of young children with ASD. By decreasing child disruptive behaviors, CDIT may also help to prepare children to benefit further from future interventions.
Stress-dependent elastic properties of shales: measurement and modeling

Despite decades of research, current understanding of elastic properties of shales is insufficient as it is based on a limited number of observations caused by the time-consuming nature of testing resulting from their low permeability. Though it is well known that shales are highly anisotropic and assumed to be transversely isotropic (TI) media, few laboratory experiments have been carried out for measuring the five elastic constants that define TI media on well-preserved shales. Many previous measurements were made without control of pore pressure, which is crucial for the determination of shale elastic properties.
Activation of a prophage‐encoded tyrosine kinase by a heterologous infecting phage results in a self‐inflicted abortive infection

Bacteria in their struggle for survival have evolved or acquired defences against attacking phage. However, phage often contribute to this defence through mechanisms in which a prophage protects the bacterial population from attack by another, often unrelated, phage. The 933W prophage, which carries Shiga toxin genes that enhance pathogenicity of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli strain O157:H7, also carries the stk gene encoding a eukaryotic‐like tyrosine kinase that excludes (aborts) infection by phage HK97. This exclusion requires the kinase activity of Stk. Little, if any, protein tyrosine phosphorylation can be detected in a 933W lysogen prior to infection with HK97, while extensive Stk‐mediated tyrosine phosphorylation is evident following infection. This includes autophosphorylation that stabilizes Stk protein from degradation. Although increased levels of Stk are found following HK97 infection, these higher levels are not necessary or sufficient for exclusion or protein phosphorylation. An HK97 open reading frame, orf41, is necessary for exclusion and Stk kinase activity. We hypothesize that interaction with gp41 stimulates Stk kinase activity. Exclusion of HK97 appears to be specific since other phages tested, λ, φ80, H‐19B, λ‐P22dis and T4rII, were not excluded. Infection of the 933W lysogen with a non‐excluded phage fails to induce Stk‐determined phosphorylation.
An allelotype of papillary thyroid cancer

Although papillary carcinoma accounts for approximately 70% of all thyroid cancers, preliminary studies of allelic loss have thus far not identified any areas of chomosomal deletion. We evaluated 30 papillary thyroid carcinomas for chromosomal loss/allelic imbalance by testing at least 2 microsatellite markers from every autosomal arm. Fifteen of the 30 tumors tested exhibited loss of heterozygosity/allelic imbalance (LOH/AI) at one or more loci. Chromosomal arms with frequent LOH/AI included 4q, 5p, 7p and 11p. An average of 1.1 chromosomal arms displayed LOH/AI in each individual tumor. Therefore, 4q, 5p, 7p and, to a lesser extent, 11p display significant LOH/AI in papillary thyroid cancer, which indicates the presence of putative tumor‐suppressor gene loci at these chromosomal arms. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quality Predictability and the Welfare Benefits from New Products: Evidence from the Digitization of Recorded Music

We explore the consequence of quality unpredictability for the welfare benefit of new products, using recent developments in recorded music as our context. We quantify the effects of new music on welfare using an explicit structural model of demand and entry with potentially unpredictable product quality. On the basis of plausible forecasting models of expected appeal, a tripling of the choice set according to expected quality adds substantially more consumer surplus as the usual long-tail benefits from a tripling of the choice set according to realized quality.
Low-K/Cu CMOS-based SoC technology with 115-GHz f/sub T/, 100-GHz f/sub max/, low noise 80-nm RF CMOS, high-Q MiM capacitor, and spiral Cu inductor

Logic CMOS-based RF technology is introduced for a 10-Gb transceiver in which active and passive RF devices have been realized in a single chip. RF nMOS of 115-GHz fT, 100-GHz fmax, and sub-1.0-dB NFmin at 10 GHz have been fabricated by aggressive device scaling and layout optimization. High-Q MiM capacitor and spiral Cu inductors have been successfully implemented in the same chip by 0.13-mum low-K/Cu back end of integration line technology. Core 1.0 V MOS and/or junction varactors for VCO at 10 GHz are offerings free of extra cost and realized by the elaborated layout
A Geochemical Survey of Groundwater in Khana and Gokana Local Government Areas of Rivers State, Nigeria

Fifteen groundwater samples from functional boreholes in Khana and Gokana areas of Rivers State were collected and analysed for various physico-chemical parameters using standard field and laboratory techniques. This was done to assess the suitability of the water for domestic and other purposes on the basis of the parameters studied. Results show the following mean values for the physical parameters: temperature, 24.80C; Electrical Conductivity (EC), 15.9m s/cm. For the chemical parameters, the following average concentration levels were obtained: pH 6.99; total iron, 0.04mg/l; magnesium 0.85mg/l; sodium, 0.89mg/l; and potassium 0.05mg/l. Others include bicarbonate, 8.19mg/l; chloride 32.52mg/l; sulphate, 0.92mg/l; nitrate, 0.82mg/l; and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), 7.73mg/l. These results show that the groundwater in these areas is slightly acidic to slightly basic, soft and low in dissolved constituents. Chloride contents in the water show salt-water encroachment into the aquifers in both areas. However, when compared with the World Health Organisation (WHO) standards for drinking water, the results show that the water is suitable for drinking and other domestic purposes in view of the parameters determined. It is also suitable for agricultural purposes. The major sources of ions in the water include mineral assemblages in the rocks, geochemical processes operating within the groundwater system, as well as atmospheric precipitation. Moreover, these geochemical processes, and exploitation of water from different depths are suggested as reasons for the variations in the geochemical parameters with borehole locations. (Journal of Applied Sciences & Environmental Management: 2002 6(1): 53-59)
Traits , Types , and Temperament in Personality Development

What’s in a (Trait) Name? Grumpy, Bashful and Happy were three of the seven dwarves whose names also summarized their dominant personality traits. In life, there are probably few people who are so one-dimensional, but occasionally one does find an individual who exhibits some particular trait that makes him or her stand out in an exceptional way. Following are a few examples of such purported dominant traits in well-known historical figures. Most readers will know immediately that Ronald Reagan was known as the “Great Communicator,” and that Lincoln was nicknamed “Honest Abe. ” Former president Harry Truman was nicknamed “Give-‘em-Hell Harry. ” George Washington was known for his honesty and integrity. The legendary Don Juan was a “seducer,” or indeed, himself a “Don Juan,” as the term derived from his very name has come to mean. Similarly, “sadism” was derived from the name of the Marquis de Sade, who had a rather peculiar fascination with that subject. Another historical character whose name became an adjective was Nicolo Machiavelli (as in “Machiavellian,” or given to the use of power and expediency).
Simulation and test results of grid connected WECSs with diode rectifiers and modular PMSGs

The paper presents simulated and experimental results concerning some rectifying solutions used as AC/DC stage in grid connected Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECSs), employing direct drive, axial flux, modular Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSGs). The solutions are based on three-phase diode bridge rectifiers, configured to give 6-pulse and 12-pulse rectifiers.
Hallervorden‐Spatz syndrome resembling a typical Tourette syndrome

A young man presenting with a Tourette syndrome‐like disorder that was the main clinical manifestation of Hallervorden‐Spatz syndrome is described. It is recommended that, even in the case of slow progression, HSS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of TS‐like disorders. ©2002 Movement Disorders Society
EFNS guidelines on the use of neuroimaging in the management of multiple sclerosis

M. Filippi, M. A. Rocca, D. L. Arnold, R. Bakshi, F. Barkhof, N. De Stefano, F. Fazekas, E. Frohman and J. S. Wolinsky Neuroimaging Research Unit, Department of Neurology Scientific Institute and University Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada; Center for Neurological Imaging, Partners MS Center, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Image Analysis Centre, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute of Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology, Karl Frenzens University, Graz, Austria; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; and Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
Urinary steroids in the hypertensive form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

ABSTRACT Four patients with the hypertensive form of virilizing adrenal hyperplasia wore studied and compared with 6 patients with the simple virilizing type, and 7 others with the salt-losing type of this syndrome. The urinary patterns of excretion of total 17-ketosteroids, pregnanetriol, tetrahydrocortisol, tetrahydrocortisone, tetrahydro-S and tetrahydrodesoxycorticosterone were compared in each type of manifestation of this syndrome. The results show a significant variation in the degree of enzymatic defects present, with the majority of patients demonstrating an ability to perform the sequential enzymatic processes of hydroxylation necessary for the synthesis of cortisol. Prolonged stimulation with ACTH did not significantly increase this ability. In 2 siblings with the hypertensive form of the syndrome, clinical manifestation appeared only after puberty, indicating that this disorder may be a cause of acquired hypertension in the adult. The rarity of this abnormality is indicated by the negative res.
Fuzzy Rule-based Classifier Design with Co-Operative Bionic Algorithm for Opinion Mining Problems

Automatically generated fuzzy rule-based classifiers for opinion mining are presented in this paper. A collective nature-inspired self-tuning meta-heuristic for solving unconstrained real-valued optimization problems called Co-Operation of Biology Related Algorithms and its modification with a biogeography migration operator for binary-parameter optimization problems were used for the design of classifiers. The basic idea consists in the representation of a fuzzy classifier rule base as a binary string and the parameters of the membership functions of the fuzzy classifier as a string of real-valued variables. Three opinion mining problems from the DEFTâ07 competition were solved using the proposed classifiers. Experiments showed that the fuzzy classifiers developed in this way outperform many alternative methods at the given problems. The workability and usefulness of the proposed algorithm are confirmed.
Cross-Border Effects of Fiscal Consolidations: Estimates Based on Narrative Records

We estimate cross-border spillover effects of fiscal consolidation episodes on output, bilateral trade flows, interest rate, and the exchange rate, employing the new IMF action-based fiscal consolidation data. Results indicate a negative effect of foreign fiscal consolidation policies on domestic output. Regarding the transmission mechanism, our results suggest that fiscal consolidations in foreign economies work their way into the domestic economy by negatively affecting exports. We do not find evidence for an interest rate channel. Trade effects are particularly pronounced for some European countries and are insignificant for others, such as the US and Canada. This is not due to the common currency or to differential specialization in trade.
Retrospective analysis of weekly intravenous immunoglobulin prophylaxis versus intravenous immunoglobulin by IgG level monitoring in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients

Patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo HCT) have a higher incidence of infections partly due to secondary hypogammaglobulinemia. We evaluated the role of IVIG in allo HCT patients who received prophylactic IVIG 200 mg/kg once weekly regardless of IgG level (Group 1, n = 115) compared with patients who received IVIG based on IgG level <400 mg/dL (Group 2, n = 114). Primary endpoints were the utilization of IVIG, incidence of veno‐occlusive disease (VOD), graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD), and documented infections within the first 100 days after allo HCT. Patients in both groups were similar except for a higher number of matched unrelated donor (MUD) transplants in Group 2 (62 vs. 41, P = 0.01). There were no significant differences in the incidence all grades of GVHD (55 vs. 50), VOD (2 vs. 0) or infections in the two groups except for a higher incidence of para‐influenza infections in group 1 (9 vs. 0, P = 0.003) coinciding with the flu season. We recommend monthly monitoring of IgG level and replacement only if IgG level is <400 mg/dL. Am. J. Hematol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immune‐recognition of Schistosoma mansoni primary sporocysts may require specific receptors on Biomphalaria glabrata hemocytes

Summary Cellular interactions, leading to cell‐mediated cytotoxicity when Biomphalaria glabrata hemocytes encapsulate Schistosoma mansoni sporocysts, have been investigated. Rabbit antibodies (IgG), when bound to antigens on sporocyst surfaces, prevent the normal cytoadherence (CA) of hemocytes from both susceptible and resistant host snails. Since interference with CA occurs with even fixed sporocysts, the effect is not due to IgG stimulated modulation of the parasite surface. Using two antisera with some overlapping specificities, and quantitative immunofluorescent antibody technique (QIFAT), we determined the concentrations of IgG needed to place equivalent amounts of IgG on the sporocysts. At these concentrations, CA was affected differentially, implying that interference was due to the specific antigens bound, and not due simply to the presence of IgG. Also with QIFAT we determined how much F(ab')2 and IgG from anti‐sporocyst serum were needed to block an equivalent amount of antigenic determinants from access by whole FITC labelled IgG. Sporocysts whose surface antigens were equally blocked were equally unadherent for hemocytes, supporting the notion that the nature of obscured antigens, and neither the Fc portion nor the larger size of intact IgG protein, was responsible for the effect on CA. These surprising results imply a role for specific antigen binding sites on snail hemocytes.
Quantitative Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic Analysis of Clock-Controlled Proteins in Cultured Chick Pineal Cells: Circadian Regulation of Tryptophan Hydroxylase

The progression of the circadian oscillator through its cycle and the circadian rhythm of melatonin production in dissociated chick pineal cultures both require daily de novo protein synthesis during defined circadian phases. To identify specific proteins involved in these two processes, we have performed a quantitative two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic screen of proteins that are synthesized at different times of the day in chick pineal cell cultures. Out of ∼700 proteins analyzed, we have identified several proteins whose levels of 35S incorporation oscillate in a light/dark cycle. One protein of 56 kDa, pI 6 (p56) undergoes a diurnal oscillation that parallels the melatonin rhythm, reaching a peak early in the night and falling to minimal levels during the day. A second protein of 22 kDa, pI 4.5 (p22) also expresses a diurnal rhythm in 35S incorporation; however, it peaks at the end of the night. The oscillations of both proteins persist, with a reduced amplitude, in constant darkness. Furthermore, the phases of the p56 and p22 rhythms are regulated by the light/dark cycle. Both p56 and p22 appear to be under direct control of the chick pineal circadian oscillator, and therefore can be described as "clock-controlled proteins. " We have identified p56 as tryptophan hydroxylase by microsequencing and western blotting. Chick pineal tryptophan hydroxylase also expresses a 24-h oscillation in abundance both in vitro and in vivo. The rhythm in tryptophan hydroxylase expression represents a newly discovered level of regulation of the melatonin synthesis pathway by the circadian clock in chick pineal cells.
Increase in Extracellular Potassium in the Brain during Circulatory Arrest: Effects of Hypothermia, Lidocaine, and Thiopental

The effect of temperature (37°C, 28°C, and 18°C), 160 mg/kg lidocaine and 40 mg/kg thiopental on the efflux of cellular potassium in the cerebral cortex during complete global ischemia was examined. Cerebral ischemia was induced in dogs on cardio-pulmonary bypass circulation by stopping the pump. Potassium concentration was measured on the brain surface by a valinomycine-membrane electrode, which in its response corresponded well to an inserted microelectrode. Hypothermia reduced the ischemic potassium efflux rate to about 50 per cent at 28°C, and about 25 per cent at 18°C. At all temperature levels lidocaine caused an additional reduction in the potassium efflux rate of about 50 per cent, probably by reducing membrane ion permeability in accordance with its local anesthetic action. Thiopental had no effect on the potassium efflux during ischemia. This study opens the possibility that lidocaine, like hypothermia, may provide protection of the ischemic brain.
Falls among the elderly: distinguishing indoor and outdoor risk factors in Canada.

Recognition of the complex aetiology of falls has led some researchers to limit their studies on the identification of risk factors to subcategories of falls such as injurious falls, falls requiring treatment, recurrent falls, falls in the home, or falls related to stairs. Other investigators have collected data on all falls and then classified them according to cause,' severity of injury sustained,2 or activity engaged in at the time of the fall.3 However, the usefulness of these approaches for the purposes of research and prevention remains to be seen. We report here a simple fall classification by location (indoors or outdoors) and a comparison of the risk factors for falls in each location. The suggestion that risk factors for indoor and outdoor falls differ is intuitively appealing because of the different environmental challenges in these settings, the distinct physical attributes and coping strategies required to meet these challenges and the very different activities engaged in indoors and outdoors. There is indeed some recognition that the causes of indoor and outdoor falls may differ. '
Activation of Myogenic Differentiation Pathways in Adult Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells

ABSTRACT During embryogenesis, various cell types can be programmed by potent inducers to follow distinct differentiation paths. In adult life, this ability seems to be restricted to specific multipotent cells. We have identified two cell populations from adult murine bone marrow which express various “stemness” genes. Treatment with Wnt molecules induced transcription of different skeletal muscle marker genes and evoked expression of cardiomyocyte markers. Further characterization of Wnt-induced intracellular signaling cascades revealed that the skeletal muscle program depended on canonical Wnt signaling, while the induction of cardiomyocyte markers seems to require a protein kinase C-dependent pathway. CDO, another component of the machinery directing skeletal muscle induction and expansion, selectively activated skeletal muscle- but not cardiomyocyte-specific genes. Although we were able to turn on various cell-type-specific markers by different induction regimens, we never obtained fully differentiated, functional cells. We conclude that the differentiation of adult stem cells is incomplete and lacks certain cues necessary to acquire a truly functional status.
Methanol:coenzyme M methyltransferase from Methanosarcina barkeri. Purification, properties and encoding genes of the corrinoid protein MT1.

In Methanosarcina barkeri, methanogenesis from methanol is initiated by the formation of methylcoenzyme M from methanol and coenzyme M. This methyl transfer reaction is catalyzed by two enzymes, designated MT1 and MT2. Transferase MT1 is a corrinoid protein. The purification, catalytic properties and encoding genes of MT2 (MtaA) have been described previously [Harms, U. and Thauer, R.K. (1996) Eur. J. Biochem. 235, 653-659]. We report here on the corresponding analysis of MT1. The corrinoid protein MT1 was purified to apparent homogeneity and showed a specific activity of 750 mumol min-1 mg-1. The enzyme catalyzed the methylation of its bound corrinoid in the cob(I)amide oxidation state by methanol. In addition to this automethylation, the purified enzyme was found to catalyze the methylation of free cob(I)alamin to methylcob(III)alamin. It was composed of two different subunits designated MtaB and MtaC, with apparent molecular masses of 49 kDa and 24 kDa, respectively. The subunit MtaC was shown to harbour the corrinoid prosthetic group. The genes mtaB and mtaC were cloned and sequenced. They were found to be juxtapositioned and to form a transcription unit mtaCB. The corrinoid-harbouring subunit MtaC exhibits 35% sequence similarity to the cobalamin-binding domain of methionine synthase from Escherichia coli.