Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Suitability of Nigerian Made Steel Bars for Structural Applications

The mechanical properties of selected reinforcing steel bars produced from two rolling mills in Osun State, Nigeria were studied. An optical emission spectrometer was used for chemical composition analysis while the tensile test was carried out using a Universal Testing Machine. Izod v-notched was used for impact test, while the hardness values were obtained from Brinnel hardness tester. Scanning Electron Microscope was used for the fractured surface fractography. The Ultimate Tensile Strengths (UTS) of all the samples are higher than BSS4449:2005+A2:2005 standard and are also in close proximity to A707M-15 standard. Samples A12, B10 and B12 possessed higher yield strengths than samples A16 and B16 but lower than those of BSS4449:2005+A2:2005 and A707M-15 standards. Ductile property of the samples doubled the recommended Nst-65-Mn standard values while the hardness and ductility properties are higher than the recommended A707M-15 and BS4449 standards. The results showed that the investigated reinforcing bar samples possessed reasonably high strength and ductility when compared with available standards. Consequently, these bars would be suitable for structural applications where strength and ductility are critical properties. They would also be used in steel reinforcement applications that would require continuous and repetitive loading such as in buildings and bridges.
Characterization of the Near-Plume Region of a Laboratory BaO Hollow Cathode Operating on Xenon and Iodine Propellants IEPC-2017-465

A low power (< 5 A), BaO hollow cathode was operated on xenon and iodine propellants. Its discharge current and voltage, and plume properties are reported for xenon and iodine with the cathode at similar operating conditions for each. The overall performance of the BaO cathode on iodine was comparable to xenon. The cathode operating on iodine required slightly higher power for ignition and discharge maintenance compared to xenon, as evident by the higher keeper and anode potentials. Plasma properties in the near-plume region were measured using an emissive probe and single Langmuir probe. For both propellants, the plasma density, electron energy distribution function (EEDF), electron temperature, select reaction rate coefficients and time-resolved plasma potentials are reported. For both propellants the cathode operated the same keeper (0.25 A) and discharge current (3.1 A), but the keeper and anode potentials were higher with iodine; 27 V and 51 V for xenon, and 30 V and 65 V for iodine, respectively. For xenon, the mean electron energy and electron temperature were 7.5 eV and 0.7 eV, with bulk drift energy of 6.6 eV. For iodine, the mean electron energy and electron temperature were 6.3 eV and 1.3 eV, with bulk 4.2 eV. A literature review of relevant collisional processes and associated cross sections for an iodine plasma is also presented.
Diverge Nodes and Dynamic Traffic Equilibria

In most dynamic network loading models, oversaturation at a diverge node results in a queue forming on the upstream link, restricting flow to all downstream approaches. When combined with simplified flow models where travel speed is constant for all densities below the critical density, the resulting dynamic equilibrium problem may have infinitely many user equilibrium solutions, despite a unique system optimum solution. We demonstrate this with a simple diverge-merge network, which we also use to show that the price of anarchy in such systems may be unbounded. We feel that this issue is an artifact of modeling assumptions, rather than a description of a phenomenon in the field, and discuss piecewise-linear fundamental diagrams as one possible resolution.
Assessment of Antimicrobial Use Pattern Using World Health Organization Prescribing Indicators at a Tertiary Hospital: A Prospective, Observational study

© 2018 Siavash Shahbazi Nia et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License -NonCommercial-ShareAlikeUnported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/). *Corresponding Author Siavash Shahbazi Nia, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India. E-mail: siavashshahbazinia6640 @ gmail.com Assessment of Antimicrobial Use Pattern Using World Health Organization Prescribing Indicators at a Tertiary Hospital: A Prospective, Observational study
Evaluation of some wheat genotypes to salt tolerance under antioxidant using physiological indices

*Corresponding Author Email : sharief2005@yahoo.com Salinity is the main limiting factor that adversely affecting germination, growth and yield of wheat in Egypt and Libya. A lab experiment was conducted in the seed lab, Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agric. , Mansoura University, Egypt during November and December 2016. The results clearly revealed that the high germination stress tolerance and root fresh stress indices obtained from Misr 1 cultivar. Meanwhile, the highest shoot length stress index from Misr 2 cultivar. The highest root length stress index, shoot fresh stress index, shoot dry stress index and root dry stress index recorded from Gemmiza 12 cultivar. The results indicated the highest stress tolerance index and shoot length stress index produced from which soaking, as pretreatment, in Ascorbic acid. These results have indicated that the highest stress tolerance index, root fresh stress index, shoot dry stress index and root dry stress index from the control treatments. Gradual increases in salinity concentrations from 40 mM to 160 mM significantly reduced germination stress tolerance, shoot and root length stress, shoot and root fresh stress, shoot and root dry stress indices. The highest percentages of germination stress tolerance, shoot length stress root length stress, shoot fresh stress, root fresh stress, shoot dry stress and root dry stress indices obtained from a salinity level of 40 mM. It could summarized that to enhance physiological indices; it could be optional to soak Gemmiza 12 or Misr 1 cultivars in Ascorbic acid at a concentration of 200 ppm for 12 h under salinity stress.
SOLUTIONS OF INVISCID AND VISCOUS FLOWS USING STRUCTURED HIGH RESOLUTION ALGORITHMS IN THREE-DIMENSIONS

The present work performs comparisons between the Yee, Warming and Harten and the Hughson and Beran algorithms in the solution of inviscid and laminar and turbulent viscous flows in three-dimensions. The Euler and the Navier-Stokes equations, on a finite volume context and using a structured spatial discretization, are solved. The algorithms are flux difference splitting type and a dimensional splitting method is used to perform time integration. The physical problem of the supersonic flow along a ramp is studied. Turbulence is taking into account considering two turbulence models, namely: the Cebeci and Smith and the Baldwin and Lomax algebraic ones. The results have demonstrated that the Hughson and Beran scheme yields more severe pressure fields, while the Yee, Warming and Harten scheme presents more accurate results.
From Demonstratives to Copulas: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective and the Case of Polish

This paper aims to clarify the syntactic status of the element to which appears in Polish copular expressions. The word to has recently been analyzed as a verb, see Linde-Usiekniewicz (2006); however, from the historical point of view, it clearly derives from a demonstrative pronoun. In the present article, I attempt to set the discussion of Polish to-constructions against a broader, crosslinguistic perspective. I provide an overview of a number of syntactic properties that characterize copulas derived from pronouns in other languages. I follow Li & Thompson (1977) in assuming that a demonstrative may be (diachronically) reanalyzed as a copula * For many helpful comments and suggestions, I would like to thank Maria Babyonyshev, Jadwiga Linde-Usiekniewicz, Paweł M. Nowak, Alexander M. Schenker, and Edward Stankiewicz. I am grateful to the Polish-American Fulbright Commission for the Junior Advanced Research Grant awarded for 2005-2006, thanks to which I was able to conduct my research at Yale University. This study was also partially supported by a dissertation grant from the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research (KBN), project number: 1H01D00429. 148 From Demonstratives to Copulas: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective ~ if the nominal structure that precedes it changes its status from a leftdislocated topic to the subject of the whole copular expression. I conclude that this reanalysis has not yet taken place in Polish; therefore, I argue that the element to should not be interpreted as a copula.
EFL learners ’ Vocabulary Improvement through Snowball and Word-Webbing Techniques

Akbar Afghari Parinaz Khayatan (Corresponding author) Islamic Azad University Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Iran ABSTRACT The present study was an attempt to look into the effect of collaborative learning on the learners’ improvement in vocabulary learning. Moreover, the learners’ attitudes about vocabulary learning were taken into account as well. The study was conducted with the participation of 30 intermediate Iranian EFL (English as a foreign language) learners, who were studying in a private language institute. To collect the data, OPT (Oxford Placement Test) was applied to check the learners’ proficiency level and meet the homogeneity requirements. Then, the learners took the vocabulary preand post-test to check the effectiveness of treatment sessions on the learners’ vocabulary learning. Semi-structured interview was also done to investigate the learners’ awareness regarding learning vocabularies before and after the treatment sessions. Findings showed that the applied collaborative techniques, i.e. word-webbing and snowball techniques paved the way for the experimental group to outperform the control group since improvement in vocabulary learning was found to be significant. Moreover, Qualitative results revealed the occurrence of positive changes in the learners’ attitudes about vocabulary learning since almost all the learners concurred that the abovementioned collaborative techniques assisted them in their better speaking and, by having more interaction through group work, enjoyable environment was created for learning target vocabularies. It was suggested that collaborative instruction should be implemented in teaching vocabulary as it can pave the way for both teachers and learners to benefit from a communicative language classroom.
Summertime Thermal Comfort in Australian School Classrooms

Considering school students spend up to one third of their day inside classrooms, it’s surprising how few detailed empirical studies have been conducted into how the thermal environment of classrooms affects students’ comfort and performance. Whereas PMV tends to exaggerate warm discomfort for adults, the literature suggests it underestimate children’s actual thermal sensation, but there is no coherent explanation for this in terms of metabolic or other physiological differences to date. The aim of this study was to conduct a thermal comfort survey in actual classrooms with a view to empirically defining preferred temperatures, neutral temperatures, and acceptable temperature ranges for Australian school children, and to compare them with findings from adult populations. The study informs a thermal comfort (air conditioning) policy being developed for Australian schools. The survey was conducted in a mixture of Air-Conditioned (AC), Evaporative-Cooled (EC), and Naturally-Ventilated (NV) classrooms in 10 schools during the Austral summer of 2013. Both Primary (grade) school and high schools were included in the sample. The survey was conducted twice a day (morning and afternoon), and the survey period varied between schools, from one week up to three weeks. After quality assurance processing a total of 3,129 questionnaires were retained from the sample of students and 138 samples were from the teachers. An indoor operative temperature of about 22.5°C was found to be the students’ neutral and preferred temperature, which is generally cooler than expected of adults under the same thermal environmental conditions, confirming earlier research findings in the thermal comfort literature. Working on the industry-accepted assumption that an acceptable range of indoor operative temperatures corresponds to mean thermal sensations of -0.5 through +0.5 (ASHRAE 2013; ISO 2005), the present analysis indicates an acceptable summertime range for primary and high school students from about 18.5 through to about 26.5 o C operative temperature. The paper concludes with hypotheses to explain differences between thermal comfort of children and adults.
Family Functioning , Perceived Social Support , Academic Performance and Self-Esteem

This study aimed to investigate the relationships between family functioning, social support, academic performance and self-esteem among young adults. A single survey was carried out to gather data from the subjects. The sample consisted of 378 students, aged between 18 to 26 years old. The samples were drawn through a convenience and stratified sampling from Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman and Sunway University College, Malaysia. Bivariate correlation and linear regression were used to analyse the relationships between the variables. T-test was also employed to in order to find out the differences between genders on the academic performance and self-esteem. The results revealed that there was a significant relationship between family functioning and social support on students’ selfesteem. Nevertheless, no correlation was found between family functioning and social support on the students’ academic performance. On the other hand, females outperformed their male counterparts in their academic performance, but showed no significant differences in their self-esteem.
How women broke into the “old boys’” Swiss corporate network

Although the situation has improved during the last decades, Switzerland is clearly lagging behind most of the Western countries concerning women’s representation on corporate boards. The aim of this contribution is to investigate the historical and political factors that have contributed to the exclusion of women from boardrooms for a very long time, and to their recent – and relative– increasing presence. For this purpose, this study investigates the presence of women among the 110 largest Swiss firms from 1910 until 2015. It shows that until the beginning of the 1970s, the very few women who were present in the boardrooms belonged to the owning families of the firms. Several factors contributed then to the progressive opening of corporate elites to women. First, the extending in 1971 of the “universal suffrage” to women at the federal level improved their position in the Swiss society. Second, the increasing globalization and internationalization of the economy at the end of the 20th century led to the decline in the cohesion of the very male and Swiss corporate elite. Finally, the concomitant decline in interlocking directorates among Swiss firms, which had been a major form of business elite social network during the greatest part of the 20 century, contributed in all likelihood to allow women to step into the breach.
EFFECTS OF MIXING SOLDER SPHERE ALLOYS WITH BISMUTH-BASED PASTES ON THE COMPONENT RELIABILITY IN HARSH THERMAL CYCLING

Reliability of the new solder alloys has been a serious concern, especially in the harsh environment. Aging at elevated temperature alters the structural and mechanical properties of the solder joint and leads to the coarsening of the precipitates in the bulk solder and growth of the intermetallic compound layer, which in turn deteriorates the solder joint. Various new elements such as bismuth, antimony, and nickel are micro-alloyed into the SnAgCu based alloys to slow down this deterioration process and improve the reliability. There haven’t been many studies about the effect of solder sphere alloys with bismuth pastes on the harsh thermal reliability. In this paper, the effect of mixing solder sphere alloys (SAC105, SAC305, matched solder sphere paste) with Bi-based solder pastes on the component reliability in accelerated thermal cycling is studied. Two surface finishes, namely OSP (Organic Solderability Preserve) and ImAg (Immersion Silver) are considered. The test vehicle consists of 15mm and 6mm Ball Grid Array (BGA) components. The assembled test boards were isothermally aged at 125C for 12 months, which are then thermally cycled between 40C to +125C for 5800 cycles. Two-parameter Weibull analysis is done for all combinations. ANOVA is done to observe the main effects and interaction effects. Representative cross sections are also presented with IMC (intermetallic compound) layer thickness measurement.
Peer Feedback: Its Impact on Assessing Writing in Greek as a Second Language

Peer feedback has gathered momentum in writing courses in the last twenty years, since it contributes to the improvement of the students’ writing skills, their motivation and collaboration. To this end, the present study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of peer review from a cognitive and attitudinal perspective within the framework of the “process writing” approach to teaching writing in the context of teaching Greek as a second language. Elements of the genre approach were also incorporated in the “process writing” framework. More specifically, a study was carried out in the second grade of a Greek Intercultural Junior high school involving twenty students of diverse nationalities. The subjects attended six writing lessons whereby they were provided with peer commentary. Preand post-questionnaires were administered to the participants to identify their attitudes towards peer feedback at the entry point of the research and trace any differentiation in their stances at the exit point of the intervention. The findings revealed a positive shift of the respondents’ attitudes towards the merits of peer treatment and unraveled development of their metacognitive awareness in that they gained insight in their writing development in Greek as a SL.
JOB ATTRIBUTES AND WORK ATTITUDES : A RESEARCH IN A MANUFACTURING COMPANY

This paper aims to explore the impact of teamwork participation on employee satisfaction and commitment in a manufacturing company. Along with teamwork, perceptions of job characteristics such as autonomy and complexity form the variables whose impact on attitudes has been studied. The findings of regression analysis reveal that the change in commitment level is significantly explained by complexity whereas the only significant independent variable explaining change in job satisfaction was job group. Teamwork participation does not make a difference in neither job satisfaction nor company commitment. The findings are interpreted combined with the findings of interviews to understand the social context in which teamwork is implemented.
HOW DOES SURFACE FINISH AFFECT SOLDER PASTE PERFORMANCE ?

The surface finishes commonly used on printed circuit boards (PCBs) have an effect on solder paste performance in the surface mount process. Some surface finishes are non-planar like hot air solder level (HASL) which can lead to inconsistencies in solder paste printing. Other surface finishes are difficult to wet during reflow like organic solderability preservative (OSP). What is the overall effect of surface finish on solder paste performance? Which solder paste is best for each surface finish? It is the goal of this paper to answer these questions. In this work, several different surface finishes were tested in the surface mount process including: HASL, OSP, electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG), immersion tin, and immersion silver. Several different types of solder pastes were tested along with each surface finish including: leadfree no-clean and water-soluble, and leaded no-clean and water-soluble solder pastes. Each combination of surface finish and solder paste were evaluated for print performance, wetting, solder balling, graping, and voiding. The results of this testing were quantified and summarized. Recommendations pairing the optimal solder paste with each surface finish were given.
DRYING SHRINKAGE OF CONCRETE , CAN IT BE USED FOR MODELLING AUTOGENOUS SHRINKAGE ?

In this article we show the results of modeling autogenous shrinkage as internal drying shrinkage with the finite element tool MLS of Femmasse. This way of modeling results in a decrease in autogenous shrinkage with increasing water/cement ratio. It also results in a reduction of autogenous shrinkage to almost zero when the specimen is allowed to take up water (cured under water). Finally it also shows a reduction in shrinkage with increasing temperatures. Something similar was measured by Lura [1]. At the macro scale we combined the hygral models with thermal and mechanical models by simulating the hardening of a 80 cm wall with water uptake and internal desiccation. This showed that the final stresses are about the same as in the classical way of simulating autogenous shrinkage, but the stress development in time differs strongly. For these kind of simulations material data are needed. Measuring these data is too costly and too time consuming for practice purposes. Micro – meso scale models that predict the necessary characteristics can solve this problem and create more possibilities to predict stresses and crack risks in combined thermal – hygral problems more accurately.
Asymptomatic malaria among students of Federal University of Technology, Owerri(FUTO), Imo State, Nigeria

1Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. 2Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria 3Department of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria 4Microbiology/Parasitology Department, Federal Medical Center, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
QUESTION 1: Is preoperative methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) decolonization effective at reducing surgical site infections/periprosthetic joint infections (SSIs/PJIs) in patients undergoing orthopaedic procedures? If so, is preoperative MRSA decolonization cost-effective?

RECOMMENDATION: No definitive recommendation can be made regarding the routine implementation of preoperative S. aureus screening and decolonization protocols due to conflicting literature. Additionally, no definitive recommendation can be made about selective or universal treatment, although the universal treatment strategy seems to be the most cost-effective strategy and easiest to implement. Alternatives to mupirocin such as povidone-iodine nasal ointment may obviate the concern for antibiotic resistance raised by universal treatment protocols.
Chapter 1 Numerical Modeling of Nonlinear Surface Waves and Its Validation

We study numerically the evolution of nonlinear surface gravity waves in infinitely deep water using both the exact evolution equations and an asymptotic model correct to the third order in wave steepness. For onedimensional Stokes waves subject to perturbations at sideband frequencies, the numerical solutions of the third-order nonlinear model found using a pseudo-spectral method are carefully validated with those of the exact equations, and it is found that the third-order model describes accurately the development of spectral components in time. For two-dimensional waves, we study resonant interactions of two mutually-orthogonal gravity wave trains and compare our numerical solutions with available theory and experimental data. We also simulate the evolution of a realistic surface wave field, characterized initially by the JONSWAP spectrum, and examine the occurrence of a larger wave compared with the background wave field.