Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overall health and drinking behavior among pregnant and breastfeeding women in Korea

OBJECTIVES The study was to conduct a comparative assessment of drinking behaviors and overall health among pregnant and breastfeeding women. METHODS This study used data collected from the Korean Community Health Survey in 2015. Data obtained from 2,156 pregnant or breastfeeding women were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, the chi-square test, and the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS Current drinking and alcohol consumption were higher among pregnant women than among breastfeeding women. Depression was twice as common among breastfeeding women than among pregnant women, and stress was much higher among breastfeeding women as well. Breastfeeding women also had lower subjective dental health and more unmet medical needs than pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS Although pregnant women were in better overall health than breastfeeding women, many of them were unable to stop drinking, which is a risky and adverse health behavior that negatively affects maternal and fetal health. In order to reduce drinking among pregnant and breastfeeding women, it is necessary to develop a tailored, standardized educational program and national guidelines.
An investigation of correlation of hypothyroidism with abnormalities in levels of lipid profile constituents-A case-control study

Objective: To investigate correlation of hypothyroidism with abnormalities in levels of lipid profile constituents in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This was a case control study. The study group (cases) comprised of 50 subjects with hypothyroidism (22 subclinical hypothyroid and 28 overt hypothyroid). A total of 25 healthy subjects (controls) were also included in the study. Adults patients aged 18-60 years either of sex and high TSH contents (>5 μIU/mL) were included in the study. Fasting (12 to 14 hours) blood specimen (5 ml) from ante-cubital vein by venipuncture method in a vaccutainer without anti-coagulant was collected and transferred to the laboratory under aseptic and cold conditions. Results: Analysis of variance showed that T3, T4 and TSH were significantly (p<0.005) different among the groups. The post-hoc tests revealed that T3 was found to be significantly (p<0.01) higher among controls (106.94±29.36) than overt hypothyroid (65.55 ± 37.83) patients. The post-hoc tests revealed that cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides were significantly (p<0.01) different to each other groups. T3 and T4 were significantly (p<0.01) negatively correlated with all the lipid profile evaluated. However, TSH was significantly (p=0.0005) positively correlated with all the lipid profile evaluated. Conclusion: Hypothyroid patients with decreased levels of T3 & T4 and increased levels of TSH are more susceptible to hypercholesterolemia, hyper triglyceridemia, compared to overt hypothyroid.
THE VALIDITY TEST OF DEPRESSION SCREENING INSTRUMENT IN ADOLESCENCES

Background: The total estimates of people living with depression have increased by 2% from 2005 to 2015. Depression cases can be managed by screening for depression that has good validity. Purpose: This study aims to assess the validity of a depression screening instrument and provide suggestions for the development of depression screening programs. Methods: This study used an analytic observational study and the design study was a cross- sectional approach. The data were analyzed and presented in a descriptive manner. The sample size was 57 adolescents in senior high school. This screening used The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) questionnaire for instrument screening and Zung Self Depression Scale (SDS) questionnaire for gold standard. The screening was performed with interviews according to questionnaire guideline. The final screening evaluation was conducted by a psychologist. Results: The interview conducted using the screening instrument guideline gathered 47 respondents (82.46%) who have the tendency of depression and the gold standard showed 1 respondent (1.75%) who has the tendency of depression, while the prevalence based on the gold standard was 1.75%. The results of the validity test showed sensitivity 1 (100%), specifications 0.17 (17.85%), negative predictions 1 (100%), and positive predictions of 0.02 (2.12%). Conclusion: The validity result of screening instrument is not good enough. The weakness of this study is the results cannot be applied widely
Vitamin D deficiency: cognition, mortality and resource utilisation - prospective associations

s 1. A Prospective Study of Mortality in the Trinity University of Ulster and Department of Agriculture (TUDA) Cohort A M Beirne, K McCarroll, M C Casey, H McNulty, E Laird, C Walsh, J B Walsh, M Walsh, L Hoey, A Molloy, M Healy, JJ Strain, C J Cunningham Irish Journal of Medical Science (2014) 183 (Suppl 7): S320 2. Vitamin D Deficiency and Cognition FunctionA Case Control Study Avril M Beirne, Kevin G McCarroll, J Bernard Walsh, Miriam C Casey, Eamon Laird, Helene McNulty, Mary Ward, Leanne Hoey, Anne Molloy, Martin Healy, Conal J Cunningham Age and Ageing (2017) 46 (Suppl 3) Siii12 3. Vitamin D Deficiency and Resource Utilisation – A Prospective Association Avril M Beirne, Kevin G McCarroll, J Bernard Walsh, Miriam C Casey, Eamon Laird, Helene McNulty, Mary Ward, Leanne Hoey, Anne Molloy, Martin Healy, Conal J Cunningham Age and Ageing (2017) 46 (Suppl 3) Siii55
MRI of sciatic nerve tumours: correlation with histological findings

Objective: Describe the MRI signs suggestive of an aetiology for newly discovered sciatic nerve tumours. Method: We retrospectively analysed 20 patients with 24 sciatic nerve tumours. Two observers described the preoperative MRI features of the lesions (size, shape, margins, signal, gadolinium uptake, location on the nerve, dissection of nerve fascicles) and the presence of oedema in the adjacent soft tissues. Results: The 24 tumours analysed fell within 7 histological types: schwannomas, neurofibromas, plexiform neurofibromas, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST), lymphomas, metastasis and perineurioma. Regarding the benign tumours 80% of the neurofibromas and only 25% of the schwannomas were centred relative to the nerve. All histological types (except perineurioma) had a heterogeneous signal and uptake. None of the benign lesions (0/17) and all the malignant lesions (7/7) had ill-defined margins and oedema surrounding the lesion. Nerve fascicle dissection was not present in the MPNST; this sign was found in 100% of the malignant tumours. Conclusion: The size, shape, signal and contrast product uptake of sciatic nerve tumours cannot be used as diagnostic criteria. The presence of soft tissue oedema surrounding the lesion is suggestive of a malignant lesion. Nerve fascicle dissection is suggestive of non-neurogenic malignant tumours. *Correspondence to: Bilfeld MF, Department of Radiology, CHU ToulousePurpan, place du Docteur Baylac, Toulouse, France, Tel: 330561772297; E-mail: faruch.m@chu-toulouse.fr
Study On Outcome of Different Combination of Dexamethasone, Hyaluronidase and Placental Extract for Treatment of Oral Submucous Fibrosis

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis is a chronic debilitating disease of the oral cavity characterized by inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the submucosal tissues. It is a precancerous condition of the oral mucosa characterized by excessive production of collagen leading to inelasticity of the oral mucosa and atrophic changes of the epithelium. A wide range of treatment including drug management, surgical therapy, and physiotherapy have been attempted till date, with varying degrees of benefit, but none have been able to cure this disease. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of Intralesional 'Dexamethasone Plus Hyaluronidase plus Placental extract in comparison to intralesional injections of 'Dexamethasone plus Hyaluronidase in the management of OSMF patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with OSMF were randomly divided equally into two groups. Fifteen patients in 'Dexamethasone plus Hyaluronidase(Group-I)' group received biweekly intralesional injections of Dexamethasone (4mg/ml) plus Hyaluronidase 1500 IU in buccal mucosa for a period of 12 weeks. Other Fifteen patients in'Dexamethasone plus Hyaluronidase plus placental extract (Group-II)' group received biweekly intralesional injections of Dexamethasone (4mg/ml) plus Hyaluronidase 1500 IU plus placental extract in buccal mucosa for a period of 12 weeks. Parameters taken in the study were burning sensation, and mouth opening. Descriptive statistics, paired t test and unpaired t test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The pre- and post-treatment Differences were found to be statistically not significant for both the groups (p<0.001) and for both the treatment outcomes. Conclusion: In the present study, the efficacy of Intralesional 'Dexamethasone Plus Hyaluronidase plus Placental extract' showed no superiority over intralesional injections of 'Dexamethasone plus Hyaluronidase' in the management of OSMF patients. KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-2, July 2019, Page 77-80
Comparison of unilateral versus bilateral spinal anaesthesia using hyperbaric bupivacaine with clonidine in unilateral inguinal hernia surgery - A randomized controlled trial

Introduction: Unilateral spinal anaesthesia can be used for inguinal hernia surgery. The advantage is that it provides a stronger block on the side of surgery, accelerated recovery of the nerve block with better maintenance of cardiovascular stability. Hence it can be a valuable technique for high risk patients. Materials and Methods: The study design was randomized controlled trial including 60 patients undergoing elective hernioplasty. Patients were allocated to either group unilateral (U) or group bilateral (B) and received Inj Bupivacaine 0.5% heavy 12.5mg + inj Clonidine 15 microgram in sub-arachnoid block. Patients were kept in lateral position for 10min for group U & made supine immediately on the OT table for group B. Variation in hemodynamic parameters, onset, peak level, duration of sensory and motor block were noted. Results: At 10, 15 and 20 min minutes after giving anaesthesia, the mean heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, mean arterial pressure were significantly higher in patients receiving unilateral anaesthesia. Mean duration of sensory and motor block, total duration of analgesia were significantly more in bilateral anaesthesia. Conclusion: Unilateral spinal anaesthesia achieved stable hemodynamics, adequate duration of block for surgery and rapid recovery. So it can be a valuable technique in high risk patients. Keywords: Spinal anaesthesia, Unilateral spinal anaesthesia.
Pattern of muscle involvement according to needle electromyography findings in clinically unaffected extremities of polio survivors with lower extremity weaknesses

Aim: Late neuromuscular deterioration may be seen in patients with a history of paralytic poliomyelitis. One of these problems is the development of a new weakness in clinically unaffected muscles. We aimed to determine needle electromyography (EMG) findings in these clinically unaffected limb muscles and to contribute to the physiotherapy strategies of poliomyelitis. Methods: Patients with sequelae of poliomyelitis were included in this retrospective cohort study. Needle EMG findings of the patients were reviewed. If there were neurogenic needle EMG findings in the limb or muscle with no weakness, this muscle or limb was considered to be a subclinically affected muscle or limb. Results: Eighteen patients were included in the study. Needle EMG findings of 190 muscles were analyzed. In the lower extremities, 18 (72%) of 25 clinically unaffected muscles had neurogenic needle EMG findings, and 14 (35%) of 40 upper extremity muscles had subclinical involvement. In the lower extremity muscles, this subclinical involvement was significantly higher than in the upper extremity muscles (P=0.004). In clinically unaffected upper and lower extremity muscles, the most prominent neurogenic needle EMG findings were in the deltoideus and vastus lateralis muscles, respectively (P=0.022 and P=0.028, respectively). Conclusion: Subclinical involvement was more prominent in the lower extremity than in the upper extremity in polio survivors with weakness of lower extremity. The most prominent subclinical muscle involvement in the lower and upper extremities was the vastus lateralis and deltoideus muscles, respectively. We think that physical therapy strategies considering these findings will be beneficial for polio survivors.
Microsurgical robotic suturing of sural nerve graft for sympathetic nerve reconstruction: a technical feasibility study.

Background Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) may provide a permanent surgical cure for primary palmar hyperhidrosis. Unfortunately, some patients can experience intensive post-operative compensatory sweating (CS) that ultimately impairs quality of life. Sympathetic nerve reconstruction (SNR) may be used to counteract severe post-operative CS through the restoration of sympathetic pathways. In this case series, we describe the technical feasibility of a robot-assisted micro-peripheral nerve reconstruction method for achieving SNR in patients with post-operative CS. Methods Between January 2017 and May 2019, seven cases with severe post-operative CS underwent robot-assisted SNR using a sural nerve graft. We report the pre-operative assessment, the surgical technique, and the clinical outcomes of the study patients. Results The study sample consisted of five men and two women (median age: 41 years). Primary hyperhidrosis affected the face in one case and the palms in six patients. The median time between ETS and SNR was 20 years. All robotic surgery procedures were successfully accomplished, and neither conversion to open surgery nor the creation of additional ports were required. Sural nerve grafts (median length: 8 cm) were used in all cases, and the median operating time was 10.5 h. There was no operative mortality, with the median length of post-operative hospital stay being 4 days. One patient developed a post-operative pneumothorax-which was treated conservatively. Conclusions Our case series demonstrates the safety and clinical feasibility of microsurgical robot-assisted sural nerve grafting for achieving SNR in patients with post-operative CS.
Migration and ethnicity related indicators in European drug treatment demand (TDI) registries

Abstract The knowledge about substance use and treatment among migrants and ethnic minorities is scarce in the European Union. In light of recommendations to optimize data gathering and processing, the aim of this paper is to identify which migration and ethnicity related indicators are used in the EU-28 treatment demand indicator (TDI) registries. We present results of a systematic TDI report analysis and an online survey. Because of the importance of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality in the European Union, we base the discussion of the results on survey responses of experts in the member states. We subsequently discuss considerations related to 1) optimizing migration and ethnicity related indicators in TDI and other drug related indicator protocols, 2) using unique identifiers, and 3) enhancing purpose specification and informed consent. These suggestions are formulated against the backdrop of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) as well as the growing need to ground comprehensive drug treatment policies in tiered modelling and multi-indicator analysis.
Plasma levels of adiponectin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in Turkish obese children

Giris: Obezitenin tek basina ateroskleroz icin bir risk faktoru oldugu bilinmektedir. Obezite ve ateroskleroz iliskisi ile ilgili bilinen baslica faktorler dislipidemi, insulin rezistansi ve insulin duyarliligini artirici bir adipositokin olan adiponektin (ADPN) eksikligidir. Bu calismada, obez cocuklarda adiponektin duzeylerinin arastirilmasi ve adiponektin duzeyleri ile ateroskleroza yatkinlik olusturdugu bilinen baska faktorlerin iliskilerinin degerlendirilmesi amaclanmistir. Gerecler ve yontem: 30 obez cocuk hastanin ve 28 saglikli cocugun plazma orneklerinden ADPN, plazminojen aktivator inhbitor-1 (PAI-1), lipid profili, insulin ve tam kan orneklerinden hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) duzeyleri belirlendi ve bu faktorlerin birbirleri ile iliskileri arastirildi. Obez hasta grubunda oral glukoz tolerans testi (OGTT) uygulandi ve OGTT’nin 2. saatinde ADPN ve PAI-1 duzeyleri tekrar degerlendirildi. Sonuclar: Obez hasta grubunda, bazal ADPN ve PAI-1 duzeyleri, OGTT’nin 2. saatinde elde edilen degerlere gore daha dusuk tesbit edildi. Bazal ADPN duzeyleri, vucut kitle indeksi, trigliserid duzeyleri, cok dusuk dansiteli lipoprotein (VLDL) ve insulin duzeyleri ile negatif korelasyon gostermekteydi. Postprandial elde edilen ADPN ve PAI-1 bazal degerlere gore anlamli olarak yuksek tespit edildi. Postprandial PAI-1 ve yuksek dansiteli lipoprotein (HDL) arasinda ve postprandial ADPN ile insulin ve trigliserid duzeyleri arasinda negatif korelasyon tesbit edildi. Trigliserid ve insulin duzeylerindeki degisiklikler ADPN’i negatif yonde etkilerken, HbA1c’deki degisiklikler pozitif yonde etkilemekteydi. Sonuc: Calismamiz plazma ADPN duzeylerinin atheroskleroz yatkinligini gosteren bir belirtec olarak kullanilabilecegini ortaya koymaktadir.
Metformin Indications, Dosage, Adverse Reactions, and Contraindications

Metformin or dimethyl biguanide is the oral antidiabetic drug with the most extensive experience of prescribing in the clinical practice of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this chapter, we reviewed the indications, contraindications, and adverse drug reactions (ADR) of metformin. The most significant adverse drug reactions of metformin are lactic acidosis, allergies, hypoglycemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, altered taste, and gastrointestinal intolerance. Metformin is contraindicated in severe chronic diseases (hepatic, renal, and cardiac failure) or acute complications of diabetes (ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar state). Metformin is considered by all international guidelines the first-line treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) together with medical, nutritional therapy. It is one of the most prescribed molecules worldwide. Furthermore, metformin can also be prescribed for other diseases like polycystic ovary syndrome or prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance/fasting hyperglycemia). Recent studies have shown positive results concerning the use of metformin for cardiovascular or neuroprotective effects; also, several scientific papers are suggesting an antitumor or antiaging effect of metformin. Having such an excellent efficiency in practice, thus predicting its sustainability on the pharmaceutical market, research is directed toward characterizing metformin action on bacteria genera in the gut. Modifying the microbiota composition by pre- and probiotics could improve metformin action.
RECURRENT APHTHOUS STOMATITIS RELATED TO PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS, FOOD ALLERGY AND GERD

Background: Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is inflammation in oral mucosa characterized by recurrent single or multiple ulcers that usually affected in non keratinized mucosa. Etiology RAS is unknown but psychological stress, allergy, and gastrointestinal disease can be predisposing factors Case Management: A 23rd years old complained recurrent oral ulcer with free ulcer period for 3-5 days. The patient had a history of food allergy, GERD and psychological stress. Intraoral examination showed recurrent multiple ulcers in variation site of the mouth. DASS 42 screening showed high stress and high anxiety. Skin Prick Test showed positive allergy to kapok, beef, chicken, cow milk, white egg, duck egg, shrimp, cob fish, milkfish, chocolate, and peanut. Ulcers treated with nonsteroid antiinflammation Aloe Vera gel and stress management by reading assignment method.Discussion: Psychological stress altered the immune system so oral mucosa prone to inflammation, and make the history of GERD getting worse. Stress causes cortisol secretion that changes the imbalance of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines. Oral mucosa becomes more susceptible to hypersensitivity. In addition, stress decreased oral and esophageal mucosa resistance to GERDConclusion: RAS triggered by psychological stress, allergy, and GERD. Treatment of RAS is by elimination predisposing factors to prevent recurrence.
The role of genexpert in diagnosis of sputum-negative pulmonary tuberculosis

Background The GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay is a new diagnostic test that depends on a real-time PCR analysis of the sample for diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and detection of rifampicin resistance. Aim The aim was to evaluate the role of role of GeneXpert in the diagnosis of sputum-negative pulmonary TB. Patients and methods This study included 30 patients suspected to have TB, with mean age being 45.5±17.7 years. All patients had clinical and radiological signs consistent with TB, positive tuberculin test results, and three negative Ziehl–Neelsen sputum smears. Patients having no or incomplete data were excluded from the study. Results This study included 30 patients suspected to be have TB, comprising 24 (80%) males and six (20%) females. Their age ranged from 18 to 70 years, with a mean age of 45.5±17.7 years. They were selected from the Chest Departments of Bab El-Sha’eria, Al-Hussein University, and El-Abbasia Chest Hospitals in the period from February 2017 to December 2017. All patients have clinical and radiological signs consistent with TB, positive tuberculin test results, and three negative Ziehl–Neelsen sputum smears. Our study showed that GeneXpert was positive in 11 (36.7%) patients and negative in 19 (63.3%) patients. Conclusion The GeneXpert assay can be used as a gold standard to diagnose TB. As it is sensitive and specific for diagnosing smear-negative pulmonary TB, the assay is faster than culture.