Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maternal risk factors and neonatal outcomes in placental abruption among patients with equal access to health care

Abstract Introduction Placental abruption complicates 1% of pregnancies, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The objective was to examine risk factors and outcomes in pregnancies complicated by abruption in a health care system with equal access to care. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of all deliveries at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (WRNMMC) between 1 January 2014 and 1 June 2017. The primary outcome was maternal factors that influenced abruption. The secondary outcome evaluated the neonatal outcomes after abruption. Results A total of 4351 patients delivered at WRNMMC and met the inclusion criteria. 52 patients (1.2%) had a pathology confirmed abruption. There was an association with smoking (p < .05; OR 4.25) and African American race (p = .005). Neonatal variables demonstrated an association between abruption and gestational age at delivery, low birth weight, Apgar scores, NICU admissions, and fetal demise all with p < . 005. Conclusions Our results demonstrate an association between both smoking and African American race with placental abruption. Unlike previous studies, there were no barriers to access to care. Further, there was no association with age, hypertension, diabetes, autoimmune disease, or trauma. Results did reaffirm an association between abruption and preterm birth, low birth weight, lower Apgars, NICU admissions, and fetal demise. Précis In a medical system with no barriers to access to care, maternal risk factors and neonatal outcomes associated with placental abruptions were investigated in over 4300 deliveries.
The Prospective Association Between Inflammation and Depressive Symptoms in Type 2 Diabetes Stratified by Sex

OBJECTIVE We tested whether inflammation is associated with worsening depressive symptoms in type 2 diabetes and examined whether sex moderated this association. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a prospective cohort study of people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, we measured depressive symptoms over a 2-year follow-up using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The independent variable was a composite inflammation burden score at diagnosis of diabetes, derived from hs-CRP, white cell count, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations. General linear models assessed 1) the association between overall inflammation burden and estimated marginal mean PHQ-9 score (ln transformed) at 2 years and 2) whether sex interacted with elevated inflammation burden (above-median score) in predicting change in PHQ-9 score. Models were adjusted for age, ethnicity, BMI, blood pressure, cholesterol, HbA1c, antidepressants, anti-inflammatory medications, and baseline ln PHQ-9 score. RESULTS Of 1,174 people with complete inflammation data, mean (SD) age was 56.7 (11.0) years and 46.1% were of nonwhite ethnicity and 44.1% female. After full adjustment, inflammation burden was not associated with worsening ln PHQ-9 score (P = 0.65). However, female sex interacted with elevated inflammation in predicting higher 2-year ln PHQ-9 score (β = 0.32, P = 0.005), showing that the difference by inflammation burden in females was 0.32 larger than in males. In post hoc comparisons, ln PHQ-9 score was higher in females than males with elevated inflammation (P = 0.003) but not with low inflammation (P = 0.34) burden. CONCLUSIONS In type 2 diabetes, female sex confers specific vulnerability to the effects of inflammation on depressive symptoms.
Nucleosome positions alone can be used to predict domains in yeast chromosomes

Significance DNA is packaged into chromosomes, which are further organized into domains: Regions of the genome which are more likely to self-interact. Domains have been observed in species ranging from bacteria to humans and are thought to play an important role in gene regulation. Yet the mechanisms of domain formation are not fully understood. Here we use computer simulations to investigate domain formation in yeast. Our model reproduces the experimentally observed domains using only nucleosome positioning information as an input, implying that (unlike in higher eukaryotes) domain boundary locations are largely determined at this level. Our results reveal how irregular nucleosome spacing impacts the 3D chromosome organization, pointing to a direct link between nucleosome positioning and genome regulation at the large scale. We use molecular dynamics simulations based on publicly available micrococcal nuclease sequencing data for nucleosome positions to predict the 3D structure of chromatin in the yeast genome. Our main aim is to shed light on the mechanism underlying the formation of chromosomal interaction domains, chromosome regions of around 0.5 to 10 kbp which show enriched self-interactions, which were experimentally observed in recent MicroC experiments (importantly these are at a different length scale from the 100- to 1,000-kbp–sized domains observed in higher eukaryotes). We show that the sole input of nucleosome positioning data is already sufficient to determine the patterns of chromatin interactions and domain boundaries seen experimentally to a high degree of accuracy. Since the nucleosome spacing so strongly affects the larger-scale domain structure, we next examine the genome-wide linker-length distribution in more detail, finding that it is highly irregular and varies in different genomic regions such as gene bodies, promoters, and active and inactive genes. Finally we use our simple simulation model to characterize in more detail how irregular nucleosome spacing may affect local chromatin structure.
A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:The prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease is mainly related to the extent of myocardium at risk. Proximal coronary arteries, especially the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), supply a large part of the myocardium. In this analysis, we aimed to systematically compare the post percutaneous coronary interventional (PCI) outcomes observed with proximal vs non-proximal lesions of the left and right coronary arteries. Methods:MEDLARS Online, Excerpta Medica database, www.ClinicalTrials. gov, and the Cochrane databases were searched for relevant studies comparing the post PCI outcomes reported on proximal vs non-proximal lesions of the coronary arteries. RevMan software version 5.3 was used to analyze the data to generate respective results. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were derived to represent the results appropriately. Results: Six studies with a total number of 11,109 participants who were enrolled between 1990 and 2015 were included in this analysis. The current results showed major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.14–1.45; P = .0001) and mortality (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.43–2.03; P= .00001) to be significantly higher with proximal compared to non-proximal coronary lesions irrespective of the follow-up time periods. However, re-infarction (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.80–1.38; P= .71), repeated revascularization (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.92–1.27; P= .35) and stent thrombosis (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.27–1.31; P= .20) were not significantly different. When patients specifically with LAD lesions were compared with associated non-proximal lesions, mortality was still significantly higher with proximal lesions (OR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.52–3.36; P= .0001). However, when patients with right proximal coronary artery lesions were compared with the corresponding non-proximal lesions, no significant difference was observed in mortality. Conclusion: In-hospital and long-term MACEs and mortality were significantly higher in patients with proximal compared to nonproximal coronary lesions following PCI. In addition, mortality was significantly higher in patients with proximal LAD lesions whereas no significant difference was observed in patients with right proximal coronary artery lesions. Larger trials should further confirm these hypotheses. Abbreviations: ACS = acute coronary syndrome, CAD = coronary artery disease, CI = confidence intervals, LAD = left anterior descending artery, MACEs =major adverse cardiac events, OR = odd ratio, PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention, RCA = right coronary artery, STEMI = ST segment elevated myocardial infarction.
Enzymatic Conversion of Oleuropein to Hydroxytyrosol Using Immobilized β-Glucosidase on Porous Carbon Cuboids

In the present study, we developed novel β-glucosidase-based nano-biocatalysts for the bioconversion of oleuropein to hydroxytyrosol. Using non-covalent or covalent immobilization approaches, β-glucosidases from almonds and Thermotoga maritima were attached for the first time on oxidized and non-oxidized porous carbon cuboids (PCC). Various methods were used for the characterization of the bio-nanoconjugates, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The oxidation state of the nanο-support and the immobilization procedure play a key role for the immobilization efficiency or the catalytic activity of the immobilized β-glucosidases. The nano-biocatalysts were successfully used for the hydrolysis of oleuropein, which leads to the formation of its bioactive derivative, hydroxytyrosol (up to 2.4 g L−1), which is a phenolic compound with numerous health benefits. The bio-nanoconjugates exhibited high thermal and operational stability (up to 240 h of repeated use), which indicated that they are efficient tools for various bio-transformations.
Prevalence of obesity among adolescents in Eastern Turkey: A cross-sectional study with a review of the local literature

Background: The World Health Organization defines obesity as an abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that can damage health. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of obesity and risk factors in high school students in Erzurum City Center. Study Design and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The number of students participating in the study was 845, including 47.6% females and 52.4% males. Data collection was done by surveys filled in under supervision. Anthropometric measurements were performed by the researchers. Predictions of the Extended International Obesity Task Force were used for body mass index. Parents' body mass indexes were calculated by self-report and classified according to cut-off points for adults in the world health community. A systematic review of the local literature published between 2004 and 2013 was drafted. Results: In girls and boys, the frequency of overweight was 26.9% and 25.7%, respectively, while the frequency of obesity was 12.4% and 9.5%. A logistic regression analysis was performed to reveal significant risk factors for overweight/obesity. Weekly exercise status [odds ratio = 3.0, 95% confidence interval CI (1.2–7.8)] and school transfer % CI = (1.1–7.2) were important independent risk factors for obesity. The local literature showed a 4.3-fold increase in the prevalence of obesity within 10 years. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity and overweight in adolescents requires the implementation of effective programs to fight this epidemic. Health education targeting peers and their parents, peer education, screening of risk groups, and controlling the sale of unhealthy foods can be some interventions.
The Rice Actin-Binding Protein RMD Regulates Light-Dependent Shoot Gravitropism1[OPEN]

Actin binding protein RMD is involved in controlling shoot negative gravitropism in a light-dependent manner. Light and gravity are two key determinants in orientating plant stems for proper growth and development. The organization and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton are essential for cell biology and critically regulated by actin-binding proteins. However, the role of actin cytoskeleton in shoot negative gravitropism remains controversial. In this work, we report that the actin-binding protein Rice Morphology Determinant (RMD) promotes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in rice (Oryza sativa) shoots. The changes in actin organization are associated with the ability of the rice shoots to respond to negative gravitropism. Here, light-grown rmd mutant shoots exhibited agravitropic phenotypes. By contrast, etiolated rmd shoots displayed normal negative shoot gravitropism. Furthermore, we show that RMD maintains an actin configuration that promotes statolith mobility in gravisensing endodermal cells, and for proper auxin distribution in light-grown, but not dark-grown, shoots. RMD gene expression is diurnally controlled and directly repressed by the phytochrome-interacting factor-like protein OsPIL16. Consequently, overexpression of OsPIL16 led to gravisensing and actin patterning defects that phenocopied the rmd mutant. Our findings outline a mechanism that links light signaling and gravity perception for straight shoot growth in rice.
Factors Influencing the Accessibility of Maternal Health Service in Cambodia

Despite worldwide efforts, maternal and child mortality remains a major health problem in many developing countries. Cambodia’s maternal mortality rate has decreased over recent years through government efforts and support from various international development cooperation agencies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that affected the accessibility of Cambodia’s maternal healthcare services. Data from maternal health service surveys conducted in Battambang, Cambodia in 2012 and 2015 were compared and analyzed. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify factors related to the accessibility of integrated maternal healthcare service. The travel time to health centers was found to be related to distance from the health center (ß = 0.031, p < 0.001), travel time during the rainy season (ß = 0.166, p < 0.001), and travel cost (ß = 0.001, p < 0.001), with an explanatory power of 27% (R2 = 0.274). Based on these findings, future research and policy should focus on improving accessibility to effective maternal and child healthcare services, to reduce maternal and child mortality. This study is intended to contribute to developing a multi-directional and integrated strategy for access to maternal health services in developing countries.
Banding Together: A Systematic Comparison of The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Mitelman Database.

Cytogenetic aberrations at the single-cell level represent an important characteristic of cancer cells relevant to tumor evolution and prognosis. However, with the advent of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), there has been a major shift in cancer research to the use of data from aggregate cell populations. Given that tumor cells harbor hundreds to thousands of biologically relevant genetic alterations that manifest as intra-tumor heterogeneity, these aggregate analyses may miss alterations readily observable at single-cell resolution. Using the Mitelman Database of Chromosome Aberrations and Gene Fusions in Cancer (MD), we developed an algorithm to parse International System for Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISCN) notation for quantitative abnormalities. Comparison of the MD and TCGA demonstrated that the MD is a powerful resource, and that cytogenetic aberrations captured by traditional approaches used in MD are on par with population-based genomic analyses used in TCGA. This algorithm will help non-specialists to overcome the challenges associated with the format and syntax of the MD.
Caregiver satisfaction with interim silver diamine fluoride applications for their children with caries prior to operating room treatment or sedation.

OBJECTIVE To ascertain caregiver satisfaction with silver diamine fluoride (SDF) application(s) as an intermediate care path for their children with caries. METHODS Caregivers were recruited at two community health centers when they arrived for a previously scheduled operating room/sedation appointment for their children with caries who had previously been treated with SDF. They were asked to complete a survey regarding their satisfaction with SDF treatment while they waited during their children's dental treatment. RESULTS Caregivers overwhelmingly reported that they were satisfied with SDF treatment (81.3%), and that the black mark was not an issue for their children (91.7%) or themselves (87.5%). Moreover, their perception of their children's oral health quality of life was high. CONCLUSIONS By arresting caries, SDF offers an intermediate care path for pediatric patients for whom OR/sedation treatment was not immediately available. Moreover, most caregivers were satisfied with SDF treatment for their children.
Host Invasion by Pathogenic Amoebae: Epithelial Disruption by Parasite Proteins

The epithelium represents the first and most extensive line of defence against pathogens, toxins and pollutant agents in humans. In general, pathogens have developed strategies to overcome this barrier and use it as an entrance to the organism. Entamoeba histolytica, Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba spp. are amoebae mainly responsible for intestinal dysentery, meningoencephalitis and keratitis, respectively. These amoebae cause significant morbidity and mortality rates. Thus, the identification, characterization and validation of molecules participating in host-parasite interactions can provide attractive targets to timely intervene disease progress. In this work, we present a compendium of the parasite adhesins, lectins, proteases, hydrolases, kinases, and others, that participate in key pathogenic events. Special focus is made for the analysis of assorted molecules and mechanisms involved in the interaction of the parasites with epithelial surface receptors, changes in epithelial junctional markers, implications on the barrier function, among others. This review allows the assessment of initial host-pathogen interaction, to correlate it to the potential of parasite invasion.
Endothelial Ca2+ Signaling, Angiogenesis and Vasculogenesis: Just What It Takes to Make a Blood Vessel

It has long been known that endothelial Ca2+ signals drive angiogenesis by recruiting multiple Ca2+-sensitive decoders in response to pro-angiogenic cues, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, stromal derived factor-1α and angiopoietins. Recently, it was shown that intracellular Ca2+ signaling also drives vasculogenesis by stimulation proliferation, tube formation and neovessel formation in endothelial progenitor cells. Herein, we survey how growth factors, chemokines and angiogenic modulators use endothelial Ca2+ signaling to regulate angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. The endothelial Ca2+ response to pro-angiogenic cues may adopt different waveforms, ranging from Ca2+ transients or biphasic Ca2+ signals to repetitive Ca2+ oscillations, and is mainly driven by endogenous Ca2+ release through inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors and by store-operated Ca2+ entry through Orai1 channels. Lysosomal Ca2+ release through nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate-gated two-pore channels is, however, emerging as a crucial pro-angiogenic pathway, which sustains intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Understanding how endothelial Ca2+ signaling regulates angiogenesis and vasculogenesis could shed light on alternative strategies to induce therapeutic angiogenesis or interfere with the aberrant vascularization featuring cancer and intraocular disorders.
Do Season and Environment Have a Role in the Incidence of Anterior Uveitis Attacks?

ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate the seasonal influence on the incidence of uveitis attacks. Methods An ecological study was designed including 731 uveitis attacks in 594 patients diagnosed at the eye emergency of a hospital in Madrid between 2014 and 2017. The incidence of uveitis attacks, B27+, and presumed herpetic attacks were calculated, and their correlations with seasonal and environmental variables in the same timeframe were analyzed. The analyzed variables were precipitation, barometric pressure, temperature, humidity, wind speed, global solar radiation, ultraviolet radiation, air pollution components (particulate matter and polluting gases), and the incidence of influenza. Results The incidence of attacks was significantly higher in the winter than in the autumn (p = .025). It showed a significant correlation to the number of rainy days per month (r = 0.612;p = .04), and the average wind speed (r = 0.469;p = .02) after Bonferroni correction. Conclusion Uveitis episodes happened more frequently under rainy and windy conditions. Most factors were not significantly correlated to attacks.
Associations between Skeletal Muscle and Myocardium in Aging: A Syndrome of “Cardio‐Sarcopenia”?

The link between skeletal muscle and heart disease remains intriguing. It is unknown how skeletal muscle may be associated with aspects of myocardial structure and function, particularly in the presence of aging‐related sarcopenia. We hypothesize that among aging adults with sarcopenia, alterations in myocardial structure and/or function may exist, resulting in a syndrome of “cardio‐sarcopenia. ”
Which men have better attitudes and participation to family planning services? A study in primary care settings from Northern Turkey

Background: Turkey is the third most populous country of the European region located at the crossroads of Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. In Turkey, approximately 2 million pregnancies occur every year. Half of the pregnancies are involuntary, and five out of every 100 pregnancies end with wanted abortion. There are limitations in access to modern methods in the north of Turkey. This study was aimed to determine the factors associated with better attitudes and participation to family planning (FP) services in primary care settings from Northern Turkey. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study, based on primary care settings, was conducted in the Middle Black Sea Region of Turkey with 400 married men. Male attitudes and participation were measured by a questionnaire form. Chi-square testing and logistic regression analyses were applied. Results: We found that male participation was present in 302 participants (75.5%), and 363 participants (90.8%) approved the use of FP. Male participation was significantly different by age, occupation, education, marriage age, spouses' education and occupation, and attitudes towards FP. Based on multivariate analysis, male participation was significantly associated with spouses' level of education, employment status, currently using FP, and the perception of spousal communication. Conclusion: Better participation existed among participants with higher educated spouses, employed spouses, current users of FP, and the better self-perception of communication.