Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Linguistic probes into human history

Dit proefschrift omvat vijf reeds gepubliceerde artikelen en een studie die binnenkort verschijnt. Daarin heb ik taalkundige methoden onderzocht, getoetst en gebruikt om linguistische varieteiten te classificeren op basis van steekproeven die bestaan uit lexicale items. De gerapporteerde studies hebben betrekking op de classificatie van Nederlandse varieteiten uit Nederland, talen en dialecten uit Spanje, Bantu-varieteiten uit Gabon, Tanzania en tenslotte Turkse en Indo-Iraanse talen die gesproken worden in Kirgizstan, Tadzjikistan en Oezbekistan. Binnen een multidisciplinair perspectief dat gericht is op het verschaffen van een hoger niveau van antropologische synthese wordt de taalkundige diversiteit gebruikt als proxy voor de culturele verschillen van de overeenkomstige populaties en wordt vervolgens vergeleken met de variabiliteit van familienamen (hun aantal, frequentie en geografische verdeling) of met genetische verschillen die gebaseerd zijn op moleculaire kenmerken in het DNA. Met betrekking tot dat laatste kan de analyse van familienamen migraties zichtbaar maken die mogelijk in historische tijden hebben plaatsgevonden, en kunnen we regio's onderscheiden die veel immigranten hebben ontvangen die wegtrokken uit demografisch stabieler gebleven regio's. Wij vermoeden dat dergelijke migratiepatronen dialect- en taalcontact hebben beinvloed. Dit is een nieuw perspectief van waaruit we de effecten van migratie op taalverandering kunnen onderzoeken.
Safety of interferon β treatment for chronic HCV hepatitis

Abstract Hepatitis C is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. In fact, chronic hepatitis C is considered as one of the primary causes of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and is the most common reason for liver transplantation. The primary objectives for the treatment of HCV-related chronic hepatitis is to eradicate infection and prevent progression of the disease. The treatment has evolved from the use of alpha-interferon (IFNalpha) alone to the combination of IFNalpha plus ribavirin, with a significant improvement in the overall efficacy, and to the newer PEG-IFNs which have further increased the virological response, used either alone or in combination with ribavirin. Despite these positive results, in terms of efficacy, concerns are related to the safety and adverse events. Many patients must reduce the dose of PEG-IFN or ribavirin, others must stop the treatment and a variable percentage of subjects are not suitable owing to intolerance toward drugs. IFNbeta represents a potential therapeutic alternative for the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis and in some countries it plays an important role in therapeutic protocols. Aim of the present paper was to review available data on the safety of IFNbeta treatment in HCV-related chronic hepatitis. The rates of treatment discontinuation and/or dose modification due to the appearance of severe side effects during IFNbeta are generally low and in several clinical studies no requirements for treatment discontinuation and/or dose modifications have been reported. The most frequent side effects experienced during IFNbeta treatment are flu-like syndromes, fever, fatigue and injection-site reactions. No differences in terms of side-effect frequency and severity between responders and non-responders have been reported. A more recent study, performed to compare IFNbeta alone or in combination with ribavirin, confirmed the good safety profile of both treatments. Similar trends of adverse event frequency have been observed in subpopulations such as patients with genotype-1b HCV hepatitis unresponsive to IFNalpha treatment or with HCV-related cirrhosis and patients with acute viral hepatitis. If further studies will confirm the efficacy of combined IFNbeta and ribavirin treatment, this regimen could represent a safe and alternative therapeutic option in selected patients.
Incidência e características das lesões em praticantes de kitesurf. DOI: 10.5007/1980-0037.2011v13n3p195

Kitesurfing is a new sport and consists of a combination of surf, windsurf and wakeboard. Its main characteristics are the relationship with wind speed and direction and the high rate of injuries. The aim of this study was to determine the type, body region, and etiological agent of injuries in kitesurfers from the towns of Pelotas and Rio Grande, RS. A sample of 50 kitesurfers (mean age: 30.7 ± 7.9 years, height: 175.9 ± 6.6 cm, body weight: 79.4 ± 11.5 kg, and practice time: 4.2 ± 2.7 years) was studied. A questionnaire with open and closed questions was used for data collection. Seventy-three injuries were identified in all participants and most of them had more than one type of injury. Sprain was the most frequent type of injury (35.6%) and the lower limbs were the most affected (50.7%). The maneuver was the etiological agent that caused most injuries (57.5%). This study suggests proprioceptive exercise to increase the power of muscle recruitment in extreme situations; stretch training especially of the trunk and lower limbs, the sites most affected by injuries, and global workout to increase muscle endurance.
A Curved Brunn Minkowski Inequality for the Symmetric Group

In this paper, we construct an injection $A \times B \rightarrow M \times M$ from the product of any two nonempty subsets of the symmetric group into the square of their midpoint set, where the metric is that corresponding to the conjugacy class of transpositions. If $A$ and $B$ are disjoint, our construction allows to inject two copies of $A \times B$ into $M \times M$. These injections imply a positively curved Brunn-Minkowski inequality for the symmetric group analogous to that obtained by Ollivier and Villani for the hypercube. However, while Ollivier and Villani's inequality is optimal, we believe that the curvature term in our inequality can be improved. We identify a hypothetical concentration inequality in the symmetric group and prove that it yields an optimally curved Brunn-Minkowski inequality.
EFFECT OF NATURAL EXTRACTS ON VASE LIFE OF GYPSOPHILA CUT FLOWERS

The experimental trial was consummated throughout two successive seasons (2012 and 2013) at the Post-Harvest Lab. ofOrnamental Plants and Landscape Gardening Research Dept., Hort. Res. Inst. ; Giza, Egypt on Gypsophila paniculata L. “Perfecta” cut flowers. Short postharvest vase life is one of the most important problems on the cut flowers. In this study we investigated the effect of natural plant extracts of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) or moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam), chemical solutions (8-Hydroxyquinoline citrate, salicylic acid and sucrose) as holding solution and storage periods (0 and 7 days at 4°C) on extending the vase life of gypsophila cut flowers. The treatments were: distilled water (D.W.),thyme extract (25%), thyme extract (25%) + sucrose (2%) + salicylic acid (150 mg/l), moringa extract (25%), moringa extract (25%) + sucrose (2%) + salicylic acid (150 mg/l) and 8-Hydroxyquinoline citrate (200 mg/l) + sucrose (2%) + salicylic acid (150 mg/l). Results showed that holding solution containing natural extracts: thyme (25%) + sucrose (2%) + salicylic acid (150 mg/l), moringa (25%), moringa (25%) + sucrose (2%) + salicylic acid (150 mg/l) increased flower longevity followed by the chemical solution of 8- Hydroxyquinoline citrate (200 mg/l) + sucrose (2%) + salicylic acid(150 mg/l) as compared to D.W. The results also revealed that extracts solution (thyme or moringa plus sucrose and salicylic acid) increased fresh weight %, total carbohydrates % and water uptake, but decreased water loss, maintained quality rate, water balance, and decreased number of bacteria in the solution. Concerning the effect of storage period (dry cold storage for 7 days) it has shown favorable effect on vase life and the other studied characters, but 0 day (unstored flowers) significantly surpassed the storage for 7 days. The results of interaction showed that holding solutions containingnatural extracts with storage for 0 days (unstored flowers) had the highest effect on vase life, fresh weight %, total carbohydrates % , water uptake, water loss, water balance and quality rate. It could be concluded that the best treatments were natural extracts: thyme (25%) + sucrose (2%) + salicylic acid (150 mg/l) and moringa (25%) + sucrose (2%) + salicylic acid (150 mg/l) stored 0 day (unstored flowers), which significantly improved the studied characters compared to the other treatments.
Unfavorable Effects of Resistance Training on Central Arterial Compliance

Background— Reductions in the compliance of central arteries exert a number of adverse effects on cardiovascular function and disease risk. Endurance training is efficacious in increasing arterial compliance in healthy adults. We determined the effects of resistance training on carotid arterial compliance using the intervention study design. Methods and Results— Twenty-eight healthy men 20 to 38 years old were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=14) and the control group (n=14). Control subjects were instructed not to alter their normal activity levels throughout the study period. Intervention subjects underwent 3 supervised resistance training sessions per week for 4 months and detraining for a subsequent 4 months. The resistance training increased maximal strength in all muscle groups tested (P<0.001). There were no significant differences in baseline arterial compliance and β-stiffness index between the intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, carotid arterial compliance d.
Comparison of the Woodcock-Johnson Scales of Independent Behavior and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales in Infant Assessment

A follow-up program for high-risk infants included the administration of the Short and Early Develop ment Forms of the Scales of Independent Behavior, the Survey Form of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development to 66 1-year-olds and their parents. Results suggested comparability between adaptive scales in terms of standard scores, but not age scores. Moderate to high correlations were found between each adaptive scale and the Bayley men tal and motor scales. One possible advantage of the Vineland over the Scales of Independent Behavior was discussed.
Cough in Allergic Rhinitis

The diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses are among the most commonly identified causes of chronic cough (Pratter, 2006). Depending on the population studied and the variations in diagnostic algorithm, the diseases of nose and sinuses are reported to contribute to coughing in 20–40% of patients with chronic cough who have normal chest radiograph (Chung & Pavord, 2008). The mechanisms of chronic cough in rhinosinusitis are incompletely understood. Several mechanisms have been proposed, single or in combination: upper airway cough syndrome previously postnasal drip (PND), direct irritation, inflammation in the lower airways and the cough reflex sensitization (Pratter, 2006).
Preliminary study on anti-inflammatory effect of calcium channel blockers in albino rats

Objectives: To study the anti-inflammatory effect of nifedipine, verapamil and diltiazem on carrageenin-induced hind paw oedema and granuloma pouch in rats. Methods: Hind paw oedema was produced by subplantar injection of 0.1 ml of freshly prepared 1% suspension of carrageenin in normal saline and paw volume was measured plethysmometrically at 0 hour and 3 hours after carrageenin injection. Granuloma pouch was produced by the injection of 4 ml of 2% (w/v) carrageenin in sterile normal saline in the nape of the neck. The animals were sacrificed on the sixth day and the volume of pouch fluid and wet weight of granulation tissue were measured. Results: Nifedipine, verapamil and diltiazem produced significant and dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect in rat hind paw oedema and were found to be more potent as compared to aspirin. Nifedipine produced significant inhibition of the volume of the pouch fluid and weight of the granulation tissue in granuloma pouch. Verapamil and diltiazem produced no significant effect. Conclusion: Nifedipine has anti-inflammatory effect both in acute and chronic inflammation, Verapamil and diltiazem possess anti-inflammatory effect only in acute inflammation,
Older adults' experiences of daily life occupations as everyday technology changes

Introduction Knowledge is lacking of how technological development has affected occupational engagement and performance. Changes in the environment, for example, new technology, are likely to create changes in the dynamics of occupations and exploring this among older adults is especially important. This study aimed to explore what can drive and hinder the incorporation of everyday technology into occupations and how new technology affects occupational engagement and performance among older adults. Method A constructivist grounded theory methodology was applied. Data were collected by individual interviews with six women and five men between the ages of 67 and 92 years old. Participants also varied as regards their cognitive function and living conditions. Results The findings concerned the match between technology and the participants' perceptions of occupational purposes, needs of control and safety, and the kind of technology user they strived to be. A good match was a driving force for technology usage and satisfaction with the altered occupations and vice versa. Conclusion Occupational engagement and performance in relation to technology use can be facilitated, which is useful knowledge for stakeholders developing and implementing new technology, as well as those who encounter older adults with the needs or desire to use technology in their daily occupations.
Hepatitis C virus infection in Abidjan Cote d Ivoire: heterogeneity of genotypes

Whereas the distribution of HCV genotypes in many countries is well documented, very little is known about the genotypes prevalent in Cote d’ Ivoire, in West Africa. This study was undertaken to clarify molecular characteristics of HCV isolated in Cote d’ Ivoire. Plasma samples from 2866 blood donors and 100 patients hospitalized at the teaching hospital of Cocody in Medical and Pediatrics’ services were collected and screened for HCV antibodies, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HIV antibodies by enzyme immuno assays (EIA). Viral RNA was extracted from anti HCV antibodies positive samples using a one step RT-PCR (Qiagen one-step RT-PCR kit). From blood donors and patients, detection of HCV antibody was positive for 43 (1.5%) and 23 (23%), respectively. Only 27 samples were positive for RNA detection. Concerning genotyping, we observed predominance of genotype 1 (77.8%), followed by genotype 2 (18.5%) and genotype 5 (3.7%). This study revealed heterogeneity of HCV genotypes in Cote d’ Ivoire.
Effects of green tea on periodontal health: A prospective clinical study

Background: An increasing number of people all around the world are turning to the nature by using the natural herbal products in both prophylaxis and treatment of different diseases. Green tea with active chemical ingredients possesses diverse pharmacological properties that include anti-inflammatory, anticariogenic, antioxidant, and antibacterial effects. The aim of this study is to assess the protective properties of green tea on periodontal health and also to know whether any side effect of green tea prevails in terms of staining of teeth. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective randomized clinical intervention study. Three dependent variables: probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured to reflect periodontal diseases. Results: The three dependent variables, namely, PD, CAL, and BOP showed statistically significant reductions following introduction of green tea as a conjunct oral hygiene measure in study group as compared to control group. Conclusion: Green tea has shown the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticollagenase activities on periodontal health.
Perception of medical students on e-assessment conducted through Yengage portal

Introduction: E-learning includes various categories of media that distribute text, audio, images, animation, and streaming video, and includes technology applications and processes, computer-based learning, as well as local intranet/extranet learning. Information and communication systems motivate many e-learning processes. E-learning can occur in or out of the classroom. ILIAS (Integriertes Lern-, Informations- und Arbeitskooperations-System [German for "Integrated Learning, Information and Work Cooperation System"]) is an open source web-based learning management system (LMS). It supports learning content management and tools for collaboration, communication, evaluation, and assessment for University students. Materials and Methods: First year medical students were requested to register in Yengage, and the date of the assessment was announced. Twenty MCQ from cardiovascular system was preloaded in the Yengage portal, and the students used their personal laptop to answer the questions within the stipulated time. The results were automatically loaded at the end of the assessment. Pre- and post-test was conducted to investigate the usefulness of the E- assessment. Results: The students responded that the E-assessment was easy to assess, unique as they received immediate feedback, customized and flexible. There was significant difference in the post-test score when compared to the pre-test score. Discussion: Technology has created new methods of assessment for today′s generation of students, and these advances are here to stay. Conclusion: It is possible to conduct online examinations in medical school regularly. The e-learning can enhance student interests and allows immediate feedback. Since e-learning is not well-established in India, we hope to create awareness and change the outlook of medical students in online teaching-learning and assessment program.
Understanding One-Handed Use of Mobile Devices

Mobile phones are poised to be the world’s most pervasive technology, already outnumbering land lines, personal computers, and even people in some counties. Unfortunately, solutions to address the usability challenges of using devices on the move have not progressed as quickly as the technology or user distribution. Our work specifically considers situations in which a mobile user may have only one hand available to operate a device. To both motivate and offer recommendations for one-handed mobile design, we have conducted three foundational studies: a field study to capture how users cur - rently operate devices; a survey to record user preference for the number of hands used for a variety of mobile tasks, and an empirical evaluation to understand how device size, interaction location, and movement direction influence thumb agility. In this chapter we describe these studies, their results, and implications for mobile device design.
Factors Influencing Older Patients' Participation in Decision Making Regarding Cancer Surgery

Purpose: There has been much debate over the participation of patients in decision making regarding treatment, and an increasing emphasis has been placed on patient autonomy. This study was done to identify factors associated with older patients' participation in cancer surgery decision making. Methods: The research was a cross-sectional, descriptive design using questionnaires. The participants were 150 patients with cancer who had embarked on surgical treatment in two tertiary hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression with the SPSS statistics 19.0 program. Results: There were statistically significant differences in participation in decision making regarding surgery by gender, age, and spouse. Stepwise multiple regression analysis for participation in decision making regarding surgery revealed that the most powerful predictor was intelligibility about the surgery. Intelligibility about the surgery and gender explained 33.0% of the variance. Conclusion: The results indicate a need to improve intelligibility about the surgery with these participants. The findings also suggest that consideration be given to characteristics of gender, age, and spouse in developing strategies for enhancing intelligibility about the surgery and developing programs to promote participation in decision making regarding surgery among older patients with cancer.
Limitation of the Memory when using Interfaces with Haptics: An Empirical Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate human memory capacity for hapticly presented structures and to discuss the results from a cognitive psychological and philosophical point of view. 20 participants took part in one learning and recognition task consisting of haptic structures and one learning and recognition task consisting of haptic structures equipped with a verbal anchor. The results were compared with recent research on shortterm memory capacity for other modalities and explained with the help of theory on conceptual spaces as well as associative networks. The results showed that even though humans have a memory for haptic structures it appears to be fairly small compared to other modalities. The common humans? small experience and therefore sparsly developed memory structures for haptic sensations are held as a major cause for the results.
Bad Music: The Music We Love to Hate

Editor's Preface [Acknowledgements] Introduction Maiken Derno and Christopher Washburne Chapter 1: What is Bad Music? Simon Frith I. Value & Identity Politics Chapter 2: White Trash Alchemies of the Abject Sublime: Country as "Bad" Music Aaron A. Fox Chapter 3: Pop Music, Racial Imagination, and the Sounds of Cheese: Notes on Loser's Lounge Jason Lee Oakes Chapter 4: Bad World Music Timothy D. Taylor Chapter 5: Theorizing the Musically Abject Elizabeth Tolbert II. Canonizing the Popular, Discovering the Mundane Chapter 6: Does Kenny G play Bad Jazz? : A Case Study Christopher Washburne Chapter 7: The Flight from Banality James Koehne Chapter 8: The Good, The Bad, and The Folk Richard Carlin Chapter 9: Film, Music, and the Redemption of the Mundane Giorgio Biancorosso Chapter 10: A moment like this: American Idol and narratives of meritocracy Matthew Wheelock Stahl III. Noise, Malfunction, and Discourses of (In)Authenticity Chapter 11: Extreme Noise Terror: Punk Rock and the Aesthetics of Badness Angela Rodel Chapter 12: Glitch - The Beauty of Malfunction Torben Sangild Chapter 13: Glitches, Bugs, and Hisses: the degeneration of musical recordings and the contemporary musical work Eliot Bates Chapter 14: Rock Critics Need Bad Music Deena Weinstein Chapter 15: Much Too Loud and Not Loud Enough: Issues Involving the Reception of Staged Rock Musicals Elizabeth L. Wollman IV. Historical Afterthought Chapter 16: Trivial Music (Trivialmusik): "Preface" and "Trivial Music and aesthetic judgment" Carl Dahlhaus, translated by Ulrike Sailer Introductory comments by Walter Frisch List of contributors
Women's experiences of body image and baby feeding choices: Dealing with the pressure to be slender

This qualitative study was designed to assess postpartum women's body image in relation to feeding choices. Forty women aged 20–42 years, up to 3 years postpartum were interviewed through email. Participants were allocated to three groups; currently breastfeeding, former breastfeeding, or bottle-feeding. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, which revealed three key themes: attitude transition, celebrity comparisons, and emotional reactions to celebrity mothers. Analysis suggested that women with experience of breastfeeding viewed their body more functionally, which created feelings of appreciation and acceptance towards their bodies. The findings suggest that although breastfeeding does not necessarily protect women from body concerns and pressure for thinness, it allows women to see their body as an ‘instrument’ rather than an aesthetic ‘object’. Further research is required to confirm or challenge the current findings.