Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paradigms of anthropology as causes of taxonomic controversies

The thesis of the paper is that the paradigms espoused by scholars affect their taxonomic decisions, which points to a philosophical source of such controversies. The paradigms the author discusses as holding in anthropology, at various times, include: (1) the “fixity-of-species” paradigm, (2) the “Asian roots” paradigm, (3) the “encephalization” paradigm, and (4) the “mid-Tertiary” paradigm.
Agricultural competitiveness: The case of the European Union countries

Th e paper assesses the competitiveness of agriculture of 27 countries of the European Union in the years 2009– 2011. Due to the complexity of the phenomenon of competitiveness, a wide range of variables was adopted to evaluate it – including the relationship between the production factors, productivity, and the importance of agriculture in the international trade. Based on the evaluation criteria chosen for the competitiveness assessment and using the TOPSIS method, a synthetic measure of the studied phenomenon was constructed and then divided into four groups of countries similar in terms of the level of competitiveness of agriculture. Th e diff erence between the value of the synthetic measure of the country with the highest level of competitiveness of agriculture (Netherlands) and the country least competitive in this regard (Slovenia) was 3.5-fold. In addition to the Netherlands, there were classifi ed also France, Germany, Denmark and Belgium in the fi rst group, so the countries with high levels of the socio-economic development. In the second group, there were seven countries: Italy, the United Kingdom, Spain, Cyprus, Austria, Ireland and Luxembourg. Th erefore, the fi rst two groups are formed by the countries belonging to the so-called “Old 15” (except Cyprus). Th e last two groups are formed primarily by the countries that joined the European Union in 2004 or later.
Methane, Nitrous Oxide and Ammonia Emissions from Livestock Farming in the Red River Delta, Vietnam: An Inventory and Projection for 2000-2030

Livestock farming is a major source of greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions. In this study, we estimate methane, nitrous oxide and ammonia emission from livestock sector in the Red River Delta region from 2000 to 2015 and projection to 2030 using IPCC 2006 methodologies with the integration of local emission factors and provincial statistic livestock database. Methane, nitrous oxide and ammonia emissions in 2030 are estimated at 132 kt, 8.3 kt and 34.2 kt, respectively. Total global warming potential is 9.7 MtCO2eq in 2030, accounts for 33% greenhouse gas emissions from livestock in Vietnam. Pig farming is responsible for half of both greenhouse gases and ammonia emissions in the studied region. Other major livestock for greenhouse gas emission is cattle and for ammonia emission is poultry. Hanoi contributes for the largest emissions in the region in 2015 but will be caught up and surpassed by other provinces in 2030.
Role of Environmental Pollutants in Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance and Mitochondrial Dysfunction

In the last decade, the incidence of diabetes in Canada has nearly doubled and is now estimated to affect one in three individuals. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a serious public health problem: governments and health care professional are working to control its propagation, offer better treatment alternatives and reduce its impact on patient quality of life. Insulin resistance is an early event in the development of T2D. Due to its mass and important role in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis, skeletal muscle is believed to play a central role in the development of insulin resistance. The development of this metabolic disorder is multifaceted with obesity, physical activity and diet receiving the most research interest. It is recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in the development of insulin resistance in muscle. Recently, the environmental hypothesis has been advanced to explain the increased number of patients with T2D. Various persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), bisphenol A (BPA) and p, p-dichlorodiphenylchloroethane (DDT) are being investigated in their relation to T2D. However, despite the importance of skeletal muscle in the development of insulin resistance and T2D, very few studies have focused on the effect of POPs on skeletal muscle energy metabolism. This review will highlight the implication of POPs in the development of diabetes and present work being done to asses POPs’ involvement in observed metabolic disarrangements, specifically at the level of skeletal muscle.
On energy processing with linear–assisted DC/DC converters

Abstract—Linear-assisted DC/DC converters (or linears-witching hybrid DC/DC converters) consist of a voltage linear regulator (classic NPN or nMOS topologies and LDO) connected in parallel with a switching DC/DC converter. In order to control these hybrid structures, different strategies exist, allowing to fix the switching frequency as a function of some parameters of the linear regulator. This article compares two control strategies that, although can be applied to the same circuital structure of linear-assisted converter, are sensibly different. The first one, reported in previous literature, cancels completely the average current through the linear regulator in steady state to achieve a reduction of the losses. Thus the efficiency of the whole system increases and almost equals the one of the standalone switching converter. The proposed approach, in spite of a slightly increment of linear regulator’s losses, reduces the output ripple due to the crossover distortion of linear regulator output stage.
Trade Protection and Industry Wage Structure in Poland

This study examines the impact of Poland's trade liberalization 1994-2001 on the industry wage structure. The liberalization was undertaken in preparation for Poland's accession to the European Union and was more pronounced in industries with larger shares of unskilled labour. Our analysis indicates that a decrease in an industry tariff was associated with higher wages being earned by workers employed in the industry, controlling for worker characteristics and geographic variables. The result is robust to including year and industry fixed effects, controlling for industry-level exports, imports, concentration, stock of foreign direct investment and capital accumulation. The finding is consistent with liberalization increasing competitive pressures, forcing firms to restructure and improve their productivity, which in turn translates into higher profits being shared with workers. It could also be potentially attributed to trade liberalization lowering the costs of imported inputs, which enhances firm profitability. The result holds when skilled workers are excluded from the sample, thus suggesting that reductions in trade barriers benefited the unskilled in terms of an increase in wages.
Does Psychological Capital Combat Learning and Adaptive Stress of College Freshmen

Psychological capital (PsyCap) is an important resource for combating one’s stress in organizational context which constructed with core constructs including self-efficacy, optimism, hope and resilience. Colleges freshmen have much stress while their transition from high schools (youth hood) to colleges (adult hood). While the participants from colleges, this study comprised academic self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and academic resilience into PsyCap constructs and examined its effectiveness on learning and adaptive stress of colleges freshmen. 640 survey questionnaires were distributed to participants, 427 usable questionnaires returned, with 66.7% valid return rate graded by the participants from Department of International Business Management (IBM) of 8 universities located in center of Taiwan. The results disclosed, except to the living expense stress, overall PsyCap efficaciously copes with learning and adaptive stress of colleges freshmen. Besides, overall PsyCap has found stronger predictabilities to learning and adaptive stress than its individual element. This study contributed to confirm the role of PsyCap as an important resource in combating with stress across different disciplines, and, in both theoretical and practical implications. The concrete conclusions and recommendations of this study were made for theoretical and practical courses design of IBM, and further studies.
Is Videoconferencing the Killer App for K-12 Distance Education?.

This paper overviews a multi-mode research study of Internet Protocol (IP) videoconferencing applications in five early adopter school divisions in Alberta, an oil-rich province located in Western Canada. The applications exploited the affordances of the Alberta SuperNet, a new, very high speed digital network. The study included site visits, surveys, stru c t u red classroom observations, and research interventions. The study revealed effective use of videoconferencing for enrichment, professional development, and administration, with less successful application as the primary tool for distance education delivery. I conclude the paper with a discussion of my own reflections on the use of videoconferencing and its capacity to serve as a 'killer app” for distance education.
A new hidden species of the Cymothoe caenis -complex (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from western Africa

Butterflies of the Afrotropical genus Cymothoe are characterised by sexual dimorphism. Females of the most common species of the genus, Cymothoe caenis Drury, occur in many different forms in the equatorial zone, while only a single form is present west of the Niger Delta in Nigeria, raising the question as to whether the two populations need taxonomic recognition. We present molecular and genitalic evidence that the western populations of C. caenis s.l. comprise a distinct species: Cymothoe druryi sp. nov.
Aalborg Universitet Effect of LOS / NLOS Propagation on 5 G Ultra-Dense Networks

The combined presence of Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Lineof-Sight (NLOS) components in the radio propagation environment can severely degrade the Ult ra-Dense Networks (UDNs) performance. Backed by a stochastic geometry model, we show that when the L OS/NLOS propagation components are taken into account, and as the cell density increases, UD Ns suffer from low coverage and the Area Spectral Efficiency (ASE) grows sub-linearly. However , we show that this performance drop can be compensated by increasing the frequency reuse factor or b y steering the network into the partial load regime, which occurs when the base stations outnumber t he users. In the former, it emerges that frequency reuse improves the ASE vs coverage trade-off of ce ll densification with respect to a traditional full frequency reuse, provided there is a degree of freedom o n the density of cells; in addition, this trade-off improves with the frequency reuse factor N . Finally, we investigate the energy efficiency of UDNs for which we show that, as a combined result of LOS/NLOS p ropagation and partial load regime, up to two optimal base station densities exist. As a whole, ou r work provides novel insights on how to overcome the limitations and to take advantage of extreme cell densification in the upcoming 5G wireless networks.
Revisiting the effect of financial development on economic growth after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis

A growing body of theoretical and empirical literature analyses the relationship between finance and economic growth. The relationship has been strongly supported by many empirical analyses. However, the 2008 Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and the significantly improved econometric techniques made scholars to revisit this relationship. The main motivation of this paper is to empirically revisit the relationship between financial development and economic growth, especially one under the effect of the world’s greatest financial crisis since the Great Depression. In this study, both fixed effect and dynamic panel data analysis are conducted by using 147 countries over the period of 2000-2013. The analysis results prove the destructive effect of the GFC on the relationship between financial development and economic growth. Also, the finding showed that the effect of traditional financial development proxies has reduced after the crisis.
Examination of genetic diversity in common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers

To study the pattern of genetic diversity in 45 genotypes of common bean, 19 RAPD primers were used. Of 253 bands produced, 236 bands (94.22%) were polymorphic in which maximum number (20 polymorphic bands) were observed in the profiles of the primer OPB-07. Highest PIC value (0.79) was observed for the primers OPG-14 and OPE-1, whereas lowest PIC value (0.34) was recorded for the primer OPA-11 with an average PIC value of 0.54. Similarly, highest effective multiplex ratio value (0.11) was scored for the primers OPA-04 and OPG-6 and the lowest value (0.05) was recorded for the primer OPB-07. Primer OPG-14 and OPE-1 exhibited the highest marker index value (0.078) and the lowest value (0.024) was recorded for OPA-11. Pair-wise genetic similarity coefficients of genotypes varied from 0.56 to 0.92 with an average of 0.70 amongst 45 genotypes. The maximum similarity coefficient (0.92) was noticed between G-9 and G-8. Cluster analysis separated 45 genotypes into seven major clusters which were further grouped into various sub-clusters. Among these seven clusters, the maximum number of genotypes (12) were recorded in cluster I, while cluster VII formed a mono-genotypic cluster. Key words: Genetic diversity, polymorphism, cluster analysis, random amplified polymorphic DNA markers (RAPD), common bean.
Determinants of Capital Structure in India (1990-1998): A Dynamic Panel Data Approach

Conventional wisdom on capital structure choices has been by and large confined to the United States and a few advanced countries having institutional similarities. In this paper we make an attempt to provide some insight into the capital structure choice of developing countries through a case study of the Indian corporate sector. We develop a dynamic panel data model that explicitly takes into account the possibility of adjustment cost to reach optimal capital structure. The results suggest that restructuring cost is important in adjustment towards an optimal capital structure. We identify the key determinants of the speed of adjustment towards optimal capital structure and also highlight important differences across cohorts formed on the basis of firm-specific attributes.
The characterization of Citrus sp. from Parang Island Karimunjawa based on morphological, DNA barcoding and nutritional analysis

The Citrus sp. from Parang Island Karimunjawa is a wild type of Citrus plant that grow on salt area and exhibits a high level of vitamin C. Due to its ability, morphological, molecular and nutritional characterization needs to be carried out to improve its potential. The study was carried out at the Biotechnology Laboratory and the Integrated Laboratory of Diponegoro University from 2016 to 2017. The characterization was based on the morphplogical appearence of the tree, its fuits, and leaves. Its DNA barcoding consists of 18S ribosomal RNA and the ITS region on the plants is dispersed along the coastal ends and the centre of the island. Furthermore, the nutritional characterization consists of an edible fruit part, a high vitamin C level and protein content. The research showed that the Citrus sp. on the coastal ends and at the center of Parang Island Karimunjawa exhibits a close relation with the C. hystrix and members of Papeda clade. However, the morphology of the Citrus is quite different from the common C. hystrix in Indonesia. The nutritional content also shows that the Vitamin C content is higher than that of the C. hystrix by almost four times. The features of the Citrus sp. in Parang Island Karimunjawa have potential and showed possibility to improve its superiority in industrial applications and breeding programs. Key words: Karimunjawa, Parang, Citrus, 18S rRNA, ITS, nutrition.
The achievement gap between Roma and non-Roma students in East Central Europe and its potential causes

This study quantifies the achievement gap between Roma and non-Roma students in East Central Europe and assesses the potential causes of the gap. Using the UNDP survey of 2011, the only comparable data on the Roma spanning many countries, we show that the gap in the chances to get secondary education is substantial in all countries. When comparing young adults living with parents of comparable income and educational attainment, the gap drops by more than a half in most countries. Using unique data from Hungary, we assess the gap in standardized test scores and show that it is comparable to the size of the Black-White test score gap in the U.S.A. in the 1980’s. The test score gap in Hungary is almost entirely explained by social differences in income, wealth and parental education, and ethnic factors do not play a significant role. We identify two major mechanisms by which the social disadvantages of Roma students lead to lower skills. Their home environment is less favorable for their cognitive development, and their schools are characterized by a lower quality educational environment. Ethnic differences in the home environment are, again, explained by social differences, and ethnicity seems to play no additional role. On the other hand, while access to higher quality schools is strongly related to social differences, Roma students seem to face additional disadvantages. The results suggest that besides policies that aim at alleviating poverty, well-designed interventions influencing the mechanisms can also improve the skill development of Roma and other disadvantaged children.
Corrosion Durability and Structural Response of Functionally-Graded Concrete Beams

This paper reports the results of an experimental program on the effectiveness of a Ductile Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composite (DFRCC) material, which exhibit strain-hardening and multiple-cracking bahavior under flexural loadings, in retarding the corrosion of steel in Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams. Based on the collective findings from theoretically-estimated steel losses, rapid chloride permeability tests, pH value tests, as well as structural tests, it was concluded that Functionally-Graded Concrete (FGC) beams, where a layer of DFRCC material was used around the main longitudinal reinforcement, had a noticeably higher resistance against reinforcement corrosion compared to a conventional RC beam. The better performance of the FGC beams was also evident from the absence of any corrosion-induced cracking and the very low tendency of the concrete cover to delaminate as measured by a concrete-embeddable fiber optic strain sensor.
Chemical composition of Annona senegalensis from Nupe land, Nigeria

The proximate, mineral composition, amino acids content and phytochemical screening of Anona senegalensis seed vegetable collected from different farm site in Bida town, Niger State, Nigeria, were carried out using standard methods of food analysis. The results of the proximate composition show that the sample contained 12.20% moisture, 12.10% ash, 24.00% fat, 17.60% crude fibre, 8.80% crude protein and 25.3% of carbohydrate, respectively. Mineral composition in mg/g from the results revealed that calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper, manganese, lead and chromium values are 1.35, 0.47, 0.24, 0.48, 1.80, 0.29, 0.13, 1.10 and < 0.1, respectively. The phytochemical screening indicates the presence of saponins, steroid, flavonoid and glycoside in the sample. The results revealed high values of amino acid content in the sample and the values are comparable to Food and Agricultural Organization/ World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) standard.
Recruitment of Baltic cod and sprat stocks: identification of critical life stages and incorporation of environmental variability into stock-recruitment relationships*

The recruitment processes of Baltic cod and sprat were analysed and critical periods were identified by addressing the major impact factors on individual early life history stages separately and relating observed abundance data between successive stages. For cod, recruitment appeared to be dependent on egg survival, with low oxygen concentration in dwelling depths and predation by clupeids as the major causes for egg mortality. Surviving egg production and larval abundance were weakly correlated, whereas larval abundance was significantly related to year class strength. This indicated that the period between the late egg and the early larval stage is critical for cod recruitment. A potential variable identified to affect this life stage was prey availability for larvae. For sprat, early and late egg stage production as well as late egg stage production and larval abundance were significantly related. However, year class strength was largely independent of larval abundance. Thus, the period between the late larval and early juvenile stage appeared to be critical for sprat recruitment. Potential variables identified to affect this life stage were ambient temperature and wind stress. Environmental factors showing statistically significant covariance with the survival of one of these critical life stages were incorporated into stock-recruitment models for individual spawning areas separately and for the Central Baltic combined.
Mediation Role of Absorption Capacity on the Relationship between Relational Network and the Entrepreneurial Orientation of Tunisian Contractors

The objective of this paper is to analyze the mediating effects of the absorption capacity between relational network of contractors and their entrepreneurial orientation in the specific case of Tunisian SMEs. The originality of this approach lies in the development of the concept of absorption capacity for SMEs which lack the means to profit from their own relational fabrics in terms of identification and exploitation of opportunities business.
The Relevance of Grid Expansion under Zonal Markets

The European electricity market design is based on zonal markets with uniform prices. Hence, no differentiated locational price signals are provided within these zones. If intra-zonal congestion occurs due to missing grid expansion, this market design reveals its inherent incompleteness, and might lead to severe short and long-term distortions. In this paper, we study these distortions with a focus on the impact of restricted grid expansion under zonal markets. Therefore, we use a long-term model of the European electricity system and restrict the allowed expansion of the transmission grid per decade. We find that the combination of an incomplete market design and restricted grid expansion leads to a misallocation of generation capacities and the inability to transport electricity to where it is needed. This results in an energy imbalance in some regions of up to 2-3% and difficulty when reaching envisaged political targets in the power sector.