Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kant's Political Theory: Interpretations and Applications

For a long time in Anglo-American political philosophy “Kant’s political philosophy” meant not Kant’s own developed political thought, but an application of his moral theory to political issues. Thankfully, Kant’s legal and political thought is experiencing a renaissance in the English-speaking world after a long period of neglect. Not only Kant’s short political writings such as Toward Perpetual Peace, “On The Common Saying: This May be True in Theory but it Does Not Hold in Practice,” and “An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment” are being rediscovered; also the Doctrine of Right, the first part of the Metaphysics of Morals of 1797 and a notoriously difficult work not least due to editorial complications in Kant’s time, is receiving growing attention in the Anglo-American Kant scholarship. Elisabeth Ellis’ volume is a fine example of this development.
Demographic Patterns and Limitation of Grey Wolves, Canis lupus , in and Near Pukaskwa National Park, Ontario

In response to concern regarding the growth and long-term viability of the wolf population in and near Pukaskwa National Park, a study of demographic patterns and limitation of radio-collared wolves ( Canis lupus ) was completed between 1994 and 1998. The mean annual finite rate of increase (0.96) suggested that population growth of wolves was limited and declining slightly. Small pack sizes, high cumulative mortality, and low reproductive success also suggested a declining population. Two limiting factors, ungulate biomass and human-caused mortality, were examined to determine the importance of each in limiting the population growth of wolves. Ungulate biomass was involved because occurrence of natural-caused mortality was high (9 of 17 wolves) compared with other studies. In addition, consumption rates were low and similar to other studies where starvation and other signs of malnutrition were noted. Further, Moose densities in the study area were low to moderate and below thresholds indicating nutritional stress for wolves. Occurrence of human-caused mortality was high (8 of 17 wolves) suggesting that it was also an important limiting factor, particularly given the low availability of ungulate biomass and reproduction noted in this study. Based on present demographic patterns, ungulate biomass, and human-caused mortality, the wolf population likely will remain at present low densities or continue to decline.
Characteristics of 'Hongrou Taoye', a Grafted Chimera in Sweet Orange and Satsuma Mandarin

The synthesis of chimeras is a breeding approach for horticultural crops. In our breeding program, a new diploid citrus chimera, named ‘Hongrou Taoye’ (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck + Citrus unshiu Marc.), was found arising at the junction where a ‘Taoye’ sweet orange (C. sinensis) scion was grafted onto Satsuma mandarin (C. unshiu). As an artificial chimera, its fruit traits derived from the L1 cell layer, with juice color and carotenoid complement, in which β-cryptoxanthin accumulated predominantly, similar to those of Satsuma mandarin. By contrast, traits originating from the L2/L3 cell layer, including pollen, seed, and rind aroma characteristics, were the same as those of ‘Taoye’ sweet orange (the scion). SSR and cpSSR analyses showed that both nuclear and chloroplast genomes of the chimera were a combination of both donor parents. ‘Hongrou Taoye’ thus combined the valuable traits of both donor plants, and therefore has good potential in citrus fresh market.
Distribution of Ozone and Related Compounds in the Marine Boundary Layer of the Northern South China Sea in 2010

ABSTRACTTo investigate the characteristics of air pollutants transported from the Asian continental regions to the marine boundary layer of the northern South China Sea (SCS), we recorded the continuous measurements of meteorology, sea surface radiative budget, and ozone (O3) and related compounds in the marine boundary layer near Taiwan during 2010 cruises. For the marine field campaign investigation, the contaminated O3 and related compounds (e.g., NO2, NO, CO, CH4, and NMHC) have been eliminated from research vessel's exhaust by using various meteorological factors. The mean values of O3 and its major precursors (NO2, NO, and CO) were 25 ± 9.9, 3.2 ± 1.8, 2.9 ± 1.7, and 204 ± 54 ppb, respectively. A high O3 mixing ratio is related to extreme shortwave radiation, high air temperature, less precipitation, and low wind speed and specific humidity. The results indicated a higher ∆O3/∆CO ratio of 0.2 at sunset during the March 2010 cruise mainly due to a long-range transport of aged plumes (> 3 days) originating from the super-region of Asian continent and a lower ∆O3/∆CO ratio of 0.12 at midday, mostly associated with the proximity to local sources of fresh plumes (< 2 days) during April 2010 and July 2010 cruises. The O3 and related compounds mixing ratios over the ocean are affected by emission source, Asian monsoon, wind speed, gas deposition, gas solubility, the chemical enhancement factor, the frontal inversion and the boundary layer height. A clear bulge in the diurnal cycle was observed between early morning and late afternoon for NOx, CO, and O3. Moreover, 5-d backward trajectories and Southeast Asia surface wind fields suggested that the southward export of the air masses in spring originated from Mongolia and the East Asian continent.
Enhanced nonlinear interaction effects in a four-mode optomechanical ring

With a perturbative treatment based on the Keldysh Green's function technique, we study the resonant enhancement of nonlinear interaction effects in a four-mode optomechanical ring. In such a system, we identify five distinct types of resonant scattering between unperturbed polariton modes, induced by the nonlinear optomechanical interaction. By computing the cavity density of states and optomechanical induced transparency signal, we find that the largest nonlinear effects are induced by a decay process involving the two phonon-like polaritons. In contrast to the conventional two-mode optomechanical system, our proposed system can exhibit prominent nonlinear features even in the regime when the single-photon coupling is much smaller than the cavity damping.
Micro-scale distribution of algae in a Pyrenean peat-bog, Spain

We studied the small-scale distribution of algae in the Bassa Nera peat-bog (Pyrenees, NE Spain). A total of 110 algal taxa were identified, some of which are rarely recorded in Spain: Cystodinium cornifax, Euastrum insigne and Desmidium swartzii. Three algal assemblages were distinguished along the studied gradient. Data on the flora and structure of the algal communities, as well on conservation interest are given.
Job Satisfaction and Job Performance: The Case of Research Productivity

Abstract In order to meet social needs, and address societal challenges, the University is dependent upon the research productivity of its staff. Satisfaction contributes to the retention of, as well as the job performance of, academic staff. However, knowledge of the relationships between job satisfaction and research productivity is absent from the literature in the South African context. An exploratory cross sectional quantitative research design is applied to a sample of 225 respondents of academics from a large regional South African university. Correlation, partial correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis are used to test seminal theory that predicts relationships between job satisfaction and research productivity as a dimension of job performance. Findings indicate that academics that produce more internationally accredited journals are relatively more job-dissatisfied. Junior academics, particularly those without doctoral degrees, are found to be more job-satisfied. It is argued that remuneration and retention systems need to address this discrepancy. Self-efficacy and an internal locus of control were found to be predictors of job satisfaction in this context. Recommendations are made on the basis of the findings.
Evaluating Forecasts from Factor Models for Canadian GDP Growth and Core Inflation

Les auteurs evaluent la capacite de modeles factoriels statiques et dynamiques a prevoir, sur une base trimestrielle, la croissance du PIB reel du Canada et l'inflation mesuree par l'indice de reference. Une fois le facteur commun extrait d'un vaste ensemble d'indicateurs macro-economiques, ils utilisent les modeles estimes pour produire des previsions hors echantillon au moyen de deux methodes; l'une est de type recursif, et l'autre fait appel a une fenetre glissante de longueur variable.
How do Chinese stock index futures respond to stock-related news

by JIALI LI (Under the Direction of Jack E. Houston) ABSTRACT The market impact of news announcements has been a topic of heated debate. A large body of research has investigated how the markets respond to the release and dissemination of various kinds of information, including government announcements, corporate announcements, analysts’ reports and user-generated contents on social media. However, most previous research focused on analyzing the influence of one specific kind of information. Little research comparing the relative importance of information can be found in the literature. This limitation draws a gap between the academic research and current trading practice, because according to efficient market hypothesis, all relative information are immediately incorporated into the equity prices. Our research incorporates econometric estimation of event intensity and compares the influence of various market-related information on the Chinese stock index futures contract. We discover that government announcements and corporate restructuring news are significantly associated with the return on stock index futures.
Adjoint sensitivity of the model forecast to data assimilation system error covariance parameters

The development of the adjoint of the forecast model and of the adjoint of the data assimilation system (adjoint‐DAS) makes feasible the evaluation of the local sensitivity of a model forecast aspect with respect to a large number of parameters in the DAS. In this study it is shown that, by exploiting sensitivity properties that are intrinsic to the analyses derived from a minimization principle, the adjoint‐DAS software tools developed at numerical weather prediction centres for observation and background sensitivity may be used to estimate the forecast sensitivity to observation‐ and background‐error covariance parameters and for forecast impact assessment. All‐at‐once sensitivity to error covariance weighting coefficients and first‐order impact estimates are derived as a particular case of the error covariance perturbation analysis. The use of the sensitivity information as a DAS diagnostic tool and for implementing gradient‐based error covariance tuning algorithms is illustrated in idealized data assimilation experiments with the Lorenz 40‐variable model. Preliminary results of forecast sensitivity to observation‐ and background‐error covariance weight parameters are presented using the fifth‐generation NASA Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS‐5) atmospheric DAS and its adjoint developed at the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Study of Indoor Air Quality of Kitchens of Rural Area's in Lucknow

Study deals with the assessment of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) in terms of Particulate matter, Gaseous pollutants, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) during domestic combustions of biofuels (i.e. Fire wood, animal dung and Crop residues) in the cooking and non-cooking area of rural kitchens of the rural suburbs of Lucknow (North India). The indoor air samples of kitchens when analyzed for various pollutants, revealed very high concentrations of CO, CO2, NO2 and SO2 in cooking area (kitchen area) as compared to non-cooking area (living area). Burning of biofuels (Fire wood, animal dung and Crop residues) produced highest emission of PAH. Increment in PAH level was found in the cooking area (kitchen area) as compared to PAH level in the non-cooking area. The concentration of PM 10 in the indoor air sample was 3.7 times more than that found in the living area. Similarly, the concentration of PM2.5 was four times higher in kitchens using biomass during cooking hours.
The Role of Data Revisions and Disagreement in Professional Forecasts

This paper aims at evaluating individual expectation accuracy of professional forecasters for 57 U.S., European, and German macroeconomic indicators over the period 1999-2010. The empirical analysis shows that initial announcements are partly considerably revised, and that some revisions occur systematically. Taking into account whether announcements are revised systematically and whether economists (assumingly) aim at forecasting the initial release or the latest revision, significant differences can be observed with regard to forecasters’ expectation errors. In general, forecasters that are (assumingly) aiming to predict the latest revisions of German indicators are able to form better forecasts if these indicators are revised systematically. Though to a lower extent, this relationship is also observable regarding U.S. indicators. Forecasters’ disagreement about fundamentals is higher during recessions and when stock markets are volatile.
eWOM credibility on social networking sites: A framework

Social networking sites (SNS) offer brands the ability to spread positive electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) for the purposes of building awareness and acquiring new customers. However, the credibility of eWOM is threatened of late as marketers increasingly try to manipulate eWOM practices on SNS. A greater understanding of eWOM credibility is necessary to better enable marketers to leverage true consumer engagement by generating credible peer-to-peer communications. Yet, to date, there is no one framework synthesising which factors constitute eWOM credibility in the online environment. This paper revisits the word of mouth credibility literature and proposes a new credibility framework – the 4Cs of eWOM Credibility: Community, Competence, Content, and Consensus.
The Relationship between Capital Structure Measures and Financial Performance: Evidence from Ghana

One of the areas that has been a focus of intense debate when it comes to capital structure research is whether to use the book value or market value of capital structure as the accurate measure of financial leverage (Salehi & Biglar, 2009). Various arguments have been raised in favour of which of the measures researcher should use in capital structure studies. However, much has not been done to determine which of the measures has a more significant relationship with financial performance. Therefore the thrust of this paper was to establish the relationship between capital structure measures and financial performance so to determine which of the capital structure measures has a stronger association with financial performance. Two definitions of capital structure measures (book value & market value) and six financial performance measures were used. For this study, fifteen companies on the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE) were selected over a 6-year time period (2002–2007). The outcome of the study established that the capital structure of firms influences their performance. Many measures of firm performance were negatively correlated with financial leverage. Meaning, companies with less debt in Ghana have high profit margins and good financial performance. The study established that the market value of capital structure has a stronger relation with financial performance as compared to the book value. Researchers should therefore consider first, the use of market value in any studies on capital structure.
Aeolian origin of the red earth in southeast China

A clay‐like deposit known as ‘red earth’ is widely distributed over the terraces and high lands of the Yangtze River valley in southeast China. Its typical pedo‐stratigraphical features have attracted the interest of pedologists and geologists for many years, although its origin is still debated. Here we report an analyses of the grain‐size distributions, rare‐earth element (REE) patterns and upper continental crust (UCC)‐normalised major elemental composition of the red earth and compare them with those of the loess and other aeolian deposits in northern China. The results show that the red earth in southeast China has two or three end‐member grain‐size distributions, similar to the sedimentary characteristics and geochemical composition of aeolian deposits found in northern China. Together with other evidence from field observations, these results suggest that the red earth is probably of aeolian origin. On the basis of these data, we suggest that thick aeolian dusts were also deposited in the wet subtropics and that the effect of the winter monsoonal winds upon the dust transport in eastern China was more important than previously believed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antecedents of conflict in marketing's cross-functional relationship with sales

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a model of the factors that explain the level of interpersonal conflict between marketing managers and sales managers. The paper aims to establish the overall level of interpersonal conflict in the full sample and in the two sampled countries (UK and Australia). Design/methodology/approach – The study draws on two theoretical frameworks to develop the model, namely structural contingency theory and the interaction approach. More specifically, the conceptual framework uses three groups of variables to explain interpersonal conflict: structural, individual, and communication. Importantly, the study developed and tested nine hypotheses. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the validity of the measures while OLS regression was used in testing the hypotheses. The data were collected from 200 sales managers in the UK and Australia.Findings – Overall, the study finds that there was a surprisingly low level of interpersonal conflict between market.
Towards employee based knowledge interactions to facilitate group learning within a team collaboration tool : An exploratory case study analysis

The indent of this study is on a case study analysis of organizational knowledge nexus and related collective learning in customer support operations of a high-tech company. The unit of analysis was an existing information flow as knowledge related interaction within a customer support process. The study was focused to organizational learning targets as strengthening of effectiveness of the organization’s knowledge building and management. The exploratory social network analysis denotes that experience and tenure within the company is a common denominator of key personnel. In addition, employees’ contribution ratio to community progress over time as they gradually shift from learners to mentors. The findings derived from the social network analysis of a team collaboration tool needs be further researched in conformity studies.
DETERMINANTS OF FARM ENTERPRISE CHOICE AMONG FADAMA USERS IN FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, ABUJA, NIGERIA

Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension Services, Fed Uni. Oye, Ekiti State. Email: hamfeeq@yahoo.com; Phone: 08036185143 This study examined the determinants of farm enterprise choice among fadama users in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. Cross sectional data were obtained from 387 fadama users with the aid of structured close-ended questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using frequency, percentages, means and multinomial logit model. The study found that about 39% of the fadama users are into crop production and about 27% are into agro-processing, 23% preferred livestock farming while only 11% of the fadama users are in fish farming. The result of the multinomial logit model likelihood ratio statistics as indicated by χ statistics was highly significant (p<0.0000). The explanatory power of the factors as reflected by Pseudo R was high (0.66), responsible for about 66% of the variations in fadama users’ choice of farm enterprise. Gender, education, labour, land ownership status, credits access and off-farm job significantly influence farm enterprise choice at p<0.01 and 0.05 level of probability. Lack of storage facilities (3.67), poor access to and control of land for agricultural production (3.65), inaccessibility of farmers to agrochemicals and fertilizers (3.61), price fluctuation of products (3.58) and inadequate farm labour (3.53) are part of the major challenges facing the farmers. Hence, the education and training of fadama users should be emphasised for sustainable livelihood and government should increase institutional supports through provisions of storage facilities, agrochemicals and fertilizers, stabilization of agricultural commodity price and provision of irrigation and drainage equipment at subsidized rates.
High Performance Asymmetric Three Corrugation-Pitch-Modulated DFB Lasers Suitable for Stable Single Longitudinal Mode Operation

This paper presents an optimized asymmetric three corrugation-pitch-modulated DFB laser (3CPM-DFB) with extremely high mode selectivity( L   = 0.97) and low flatness(F = 0.009), which are two key parameters to indicate the laser’s single longitudinal mode(SLM) performance. In threshold analysis, the optimization process based on transfer matrix method is demonstrated to maximize L   and minimize F simultaneously. In the above-threshold regime, the evolutions of L   and longitudinal distribution of photon density with injection current are evaluated. More importantly, nanoimprint lithography which was proved an efficient way to fabricate DFB gratings can provide completely same simple fabrication procedure for both 3CPM grating and conventional uniform grating. So the big practical value of 3CPM-DFB can be expected because of its advanced performance and easy manufacturability.
A head start for an invasive species in a strongly seasonal environment? Growth of Elodea canadensis in boreal lakes

Many invasive species are expanding northwards into boreal and subarctic habitats, but research on the factors favoring their establishment in these regions remains limited. In three Swedish lakes we investigated the growth of Elodea canadensis Michx, a highly invasive macrophyte that is spreading northwards in Europe and Alaska. We conducted an in situ growth experiment, maintained for ten months, in concert with two field macrophyte surveys, undertaken in summer and spring. We further compared the performance of propagules established during summer with those established under less favorable conditions in late autumn. We found that E. canadensis grew throughout the autumn, followed by winter dieback, with regrowth occurring early in the spring when water temperatures remained under 5 °C. Elodea canadensis plants were frequently found in our spring field survey, soon after ice melt, when almost all other species were still dormant. In the growth experiment, growth of individual shoots was positively associated with key abiotic variables (especially alkalinity) and also with increasing cover of E. canadensis. The tendency of propagule shoots to fragment from the main stems was also positively associated with increasing E. canadensis length and ambient population cover. Although propagules established in November initially did worse the following spring than those established in August, by the start of the following summer both groups were growing equally well, and had converged in morphology. The growth of E. canadensis throughout autumn and its early re-growth in spring, the capacity of propagules established even in late autumn to regrow well the following year, and the apparently self-reinforcing effect of increasing local population size on shoot growth all have the potential to benefit E. canadensis as it spreads north into boreal and subarctic regions.