Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association Between Subjective Tinnitus and Cervical Spine or Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review

Movements of the neck and jaw may modulate the loudness and pitch of tinnitus. The aim of the present study was to systematically analyze the strength of associations between subjective tinnitus, cervical spine disorders (CSD), and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). A systematic literature search of the Medline, Embase, and Pedro databases was carried out on articles published up to September 2017. This covered studies in which tinnitus and CSD or TMD were studied as a primary or a secondary outcome and in which outcomes were compared with a control group. Included articles were evaluated on nine methodological quality criteria. Associations between tinnitus and CSD or TMD were expressed as odds ratios. In total, 2,139 articles were identified, of which 24 studies met the inclusion criteria. Twice, two studies were based on the same data set; consequently, 22 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Methodological quality was generally limited by a lack of blinding, comparability of groups, and nonvalidated instruments for assessing CSD. Results indicated that patients with tinnitus more frequently reported CSD than subjects without tinnitus. The odds ratio was 2.6 (95% CI [1.1, 6.4]). For TMD, a bidirectional association with tinnitus was found; odds ratios ranged from 2.3 (95%CI [1.5, 3.6]) for arthrogenous TMD to 6.7 (95%CI [2.4, 18.8]) for unspecified TMD. Funnel plots suggested a publication bias. After adjusting for this, the odds ratios decreased, but associations persisted. There is weak evidence for an association between subjective tinnitus and CSD and a bidirectional association between tinnitus and TMD.
Phase Shifting Transformer in Flow-Based Yearly Network Analysis for European Market Envision

The presence of power flow control devices is assuming increasing importance in international power exchange management. In this paper, the influence of proper Phase Shifting Transformer model on a flow-based procedure for yearly scenario network analysis, starting from zonal market structure, is assessed, in order to inspect the impact on national flowgates. In particular, linear Power Transfer Distribution Factors and shift factors introduced by the regulation of transformer are accounted for network model. The procedure is applied to a provisional model of European power system and high voltage network.
Expression levels of hnRNP K and p21WAF1/CIP1 are associated with resistance to radiochemotherapy independent of p53 pathway activation in rectal adenocarcinoma

Ionizing radiation (IR) is frequently applied in the treatment of rectal adenocarcinoma, however, there is marked variance in the response to radiochemotherapy between individual tumors. In our previous investigations, it was shown that the overexpression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) confers radioresistance to malignant melanoma and colorectal carcinoma (CRC) in vitro, however, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. As hnRNP K, a p53 binding partner and cofactor for the transcriptional activation of p53 target genes, is overexpressed in CRC, the present study investigated the possible radioprotective effect of the hnRNP K/p53-induced upregulation of p21 (also known as WAF1/CIP1) in rectal adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry was performed for hnRNP K, p53 and p21 in a series of 68 consecutive cases of rectal adenocarcinoma with full molecular characterization following radiochemo-therapy and 14 corresponding pre-therapeutic biopsies, and the results were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and the percentage of vital tumor cells following therapy. In addition, pathway analyses, protein immunoprecipitation, western immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy were performed to identify dysregulated kinase signaling and hnRNP K targets upon exposure of CRC cells to IR. Although the fraction of vital tumor cells upon neoadjuvant therapy was significantly higher in hnRNP K/p21-positive tumors (P=0.0047 and P=0.0223, Students’ t-test), no significant association was found between the protein expression levels of hnRNP K, p53 and p21 (P>0.05, χ2 test). Irradiation enhanced apoptotic pathway activation via p53/CHK2 phosphorylation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, and induced the overexpression and interaction of hnRNP K and p53. However, p53 Ser15-phosphorylation was independent of the presence of hnRNP K, and there was no measurable effect of hnRNP K on the expression of p21 in vitro. Taken together, the results of the present study support a radioprotective role for hnRNP K, which may be mediated through an interaction with p53, however, this effect appears to be independent of the hnRNP K/p53-induced upregulation of p21 in rectal adenocarcinoma.
Gene expression differences between thyroid carcinoma, thyroid adenoma and normal thyroid tissue

To identify differences in gene expression profiles of infected cells between thyroid carcinoma (C), thyroid adenoma (A) and normal thyroid (N) epithelial cells, differentially expressed genes were identified using three pairwise comparisons with the GEO2R online tool. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were used to classify them at the functional level. The most significant cluster in the N vs. A pairwise comparison had four hub genes: Insulin-like growth factor 2, Von Willebrand factor (VWF), multimerin 1 (MMRN1) and complement factor D (CFD). In N vs. C, the most significant cluster had 19 genes: IGF2, early growth response 2, transcription factor 3, KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase, SMAD family member 9, MLLT3 super elongation complex subunit, runt related transcription factor 1, CFD, actinin α 1, SWI/SNF related matrix associated actin dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily a member 4, JunD proto-oncogene AP-1 transcription factor subunit, serum response factor (SRF), FosB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase, MMRN1, SRY-box 9, early growth response 3 and ETS variant 4. In A vs. C, the most significant cluster had 14 genes: BCL2-like 1, galectin 3, MCL1 BCL2 family apoptosis regulator, DNA damage inducible transcript 3, BCL2 apoptosis regulator, CTGF, matrix metallopeptidase 7, early growth response 1, kinase insert domain receptor, TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1, apolipoprotein E, VWF, cyclin D1 and placental growth factor. Histological evidence was presented to confirm the makeup of the hubs prior to logistic regression analysis to differentiate benign and malignant neoplasms. The results of the present study may aid in the search for novel potential biomarkers for the differential diagnosis, prognosis and development of drug targets of thyroid neoplasm.
Pre-exhaustion Exercise Differentially Influences Neuromuscular Fatigue Based on Habitual Physical Activity History.

Harlan, KG, Merucci, RB, Weaver, JJ, Windle, TC, and Malek, MH. Pre-exhaustion exercise differentially influences neuromuscular fatigue based on habitual physical activity history. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2018-Although there is anecdotal evidence of a potential physiological benefit of pre-exhaustion exercise to enhance muscular recruitment, few studies have systematically examined the effect on neuromuscular activity. Moreover, a subject's habitual physical activity history may, in part, contribute to the muscle's response on a subsequent workbout after a single pre-exhaustion workbout. To date, no studies have examined the effect of pre-exhaustion exercise on the electromyographic fatigue threshold (EMGFT). The purpose of this study, therefore, is to determine whether pre-exhaustion exercise influences the EMGFT. Specifically, we were interested in determining whether or not there is a dichotomous response to pre-exhaustion exercise based on the individual's habitual physical activity history. Thus, we hypothesized that healthy active subjects would have reduced EMGFT values, whereas elite runners would have increased EMGFT values as a result of the pre-exhaustion exercise. Eight healthy college-aged men (mean ± SEM, age = 24.5 ± 0.3 years; body mass = 83.1 ± 3.0 kg; and height = 1.80 ± 0.02 m) and 9 elite runners (mean ± SEM, age = 23.4 ± 0.7 years; body mass = 70.3 ± 2.7 kg; and height = 1.79 ± 0.03 m) participated in current study. Each subject visited the laboratory on 2 occasions separated by 7 days and performed the single-leg knee-extensor ergometry test. For one of the visits, the subjects performed the Thorstensson test (50 continuous, concentric knee extensions) before the single-leg knee-extensor ergometry. The EMGFT was measured on both visits for all subjects. For healthy subjects, we found that the EMGFT was significantly reduced after performing the 50 isokinetic knee extensions (control: 27 ± 6 W vs. Thorstensson: 21 ± 6.0 W; p = 0.001), whereas for elite runners, there was no significant mean differences between the 2 visits (control: 38 ± 3 W vs. Thorstensson: 39 ± 2 W; p = 0.813). These results suggest that 50 repetition of isokinetic muscle action, as a method of pre-existing the quadriceps femoris muscles, may be influenced by the subject's habitual exercise history.
A Progressively Enhanced Network for Video Satellite Imagery Superresolution

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been extensively applied to image or video processing and analysis tasks. For single-image superresolution (SR) processing, previous CNN-based methods have led to significant improvements, when compared to the shallow learning-based methods. However, these CNN-based algorithms with simply direct or skip connections are not suitable for satellite imagery SR because of complex imaging conditions and unknown degradation process. More importantly, they ignore the extraction and utilization of the structural information in satellite images, which is very unfavorable for video satellite imagery SR with such characteristics as small ground targets, weak textures, and over-compression distortion. To this end, this letter proposes a novel progressively enhanced network for satellite image SR called PECNN, which is composed of a pretraining CNN-based network and an enhanced dense connection network. The pretraining part is used to extract the low-level feature maps and reconstructs a basic high-resolution image from the low-resolution input. In particular, we propose a transition unit to obtain the structural information from the base output. Then, the obtained structural information and the extracted low-level feature maps are transmitted to the enhanced network for further extraction to enforce the feature expression. Finally, a residual image with enhanced fine details obtained from the dense connection network is used to enrich the basic image for the ultimate SR output. Experiments on real-world Jilin-1 video satellite images and Kaggle Open Source Dataset show that the proposed PECNN outperforms the state-of-the-art methods both in visual effects and quantitative metrics. Code is available at https://github.com/kuihua/PECNN.
High-throughput in vivo screen of functional mRNA delivery identifies nanoparticles for endothelial cell gene editing

Significance Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of siRNA to hepatocytes has treated disease in humans. However, systemically delivering RNA drugs to nonliver tissues remains an important challenge. To increase the number of nanoparticles that could be studied in vivo, we designed a high-throughput method to measure how >100 nanoparticles delivered mRNA that was translated into functional protein in vivo. We quantified how >250 lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) delivered mRNA in vivo, identifying two LNPs that deliver mRNA to endothelial cells. One of the LNPs codelivered Cas9 mRNA and single-guide RNA in vivo, leading to endothelial cell gene editing. This approach can identify nanoparticles that target new cells. Dysfunctional endothelium causes more disease than any other cell type. Systemically administered RNA delivery to nonliver tissues remains challenging, in large part because there is no high-throughput method to identify nanoparticles that deliver functional mRNA to cells in vivo. Here we report a system capable of simultaneously quantifying how >100 lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) deliver mRNA that is translated into functional protein. Using this system (named FIND), we measured how >250 LNPs delivered mRNA to multiple cell types in vivo and identified 7C2 and 7C3, two LNPs that efficiently deliver siRNA, single-guide RNA (sgRNA), and mRNA to endothelial cells. The 7C3 delivered Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA to splenic endothelial cells as efficiently as hepatocytes, distinguishing it from LNPs that deliver Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA to hepatocytes more than other cell types. These data demonstrate that FIND can identify nanoparticles with novel tropisms in vivo.
The Epigenetics of Triple-Negative and Basal-Like Breast Cancer: Current Knowledge

Breast cancer has the highest incidence among all malignancies diagnosed in women. Therapies have significantly improved over the years due to extensive molecular and clinical research; in a large number of cases, targeted therapies have provided better prognosis. However, one specific subtype remains elusive to targeted therapies–the triple-negative breast cancer. This immunohistochemically defined subtype is resistant to both endocrine and targeted therapies, leading to its poor prognosis. A field that is of great promise in current cancer research is epigenetics. By studying the epigenetic mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis–DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs–advances in cancer treatment, diagnosis, and prevention are possible. This review aims to synthesize the epigenetic discoveries that have been made related to the triple-negative breast cancer.
Combination of exome sequencing and immune testing confirms Aicardi–Goutières syndrome type 5 in a challenging pediatric neurology case

Exome sequencing is increasingly being used to help diagnose pediatric neurology cases when clinical presentations are not specific. However, interpretation of equivocal results that include variants of uncertain significance remains a challenge. In those cases, follow-up testing and clinical correlation can help clarify the clinical relevance of the molecular findings. In this report, we describe the diagnostic odyssey of a 4-year-old girl who presented with global developmental delay and seizures, with leukodystrophy seen on MRI. Clinical evaluation, MRI, and comprehensive metabolic testing were performed, followed by whole-exome sequencing (WES), parental testing, follow-up testing, and retrospective detailed clinical evaluation. WES identified two candidate causative pathogenic variants in SAMHD1, a gene associated with the recessive condition Aicardi–Goutières syndrome (AGS) type 5 (OMIM 612952): a previously reported pathogenic variant NM_015474 c.602T>A (p.I201N), maternally inherited, and a rare missense variant of uncertain significance, c.1293A>T(p.L431F). Analysis of type I interferon-related biomarkers demonstrated that the patient has an interferon signature characteristic of AGS. Retrospective detailed clinical evaluation showed that the girl has a phenotype consistent with AGS5, a rare neurological condition. These results further define the phenotypic spectrum associated with specific SAMHD1 variants, including heterozygous variants in AGS carriers, and support the idea that autoinflammatory dysregulation is part of the disease pathophysiology. More broadly, this work highlights the issues and methodology involved in ascribing clinical relevance to interpretation of variants detected by WES.
Repeated False-Positive HIV Test Results in a Patient Taking HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis

Abstract Regular HIV testing is required to ensure the safety of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We describe and discuss a series of false-positive HIV test results from an individual receiving PrEP. The expansion of PrEP will likely result in greater numbers of false-positive test results that may pose challenges for interpretation.
State Estimation Over Delayed Mutihop Network

In this paper, we consider the properties for Kalman filtering in a multi-hop network. A time-homogeneous Markov chain is used to characterize the stochastic packet delay and loss phenomenon of each relay. Since, after several relays, the average expected estimation error covariance at the terminal is difficult to calculate, we derive lower and upper bounds for the average value. Using these bounds, it is found that the stability is related to one special entry in the channel's transition probability matrix, from which we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the stability of the single-hop case and extend the result to the multihop one.
Improving the Upper Bound of Error Probability for Polarized Multiple Access Channels via a New Method

Polar codes, recently have been introduced by Arikan, are one of the first codes that achieved the capacity for vast numerous channels. Polar codes are constructed based on a phenomenon that called channel polarization. This paper discusses the polarization of Multiple-Access Channel in two scenarios. In this study, the polar coding scheme and channel polarization phenomenon for multiple access channels from a new perspective have been analyzed. We analyze the performance of Bhattacharyya parameter of polar codes for polarized the multiple access channels. The direct relation for Bhattacharyya parameter after polarization which guarantees the channel polarization for the multiple access channels have been presented. Finally a numerical example for these constructions in order to validate our ideas has been presented.
Effects of 3-Week Work-Matched High-Intensity Intermittent Cycling Training with Different Cadences on VO2max in University Athletes

The aim of this study is to clarify the effects of 3-week work-matched high-intensity intermittent cycling training (HIICT) with different cadences on the VO2max of university athletes. Eighteen university athletes performed HIICT with either 60 rpm (n = 9) or 120 rpm (n = 9). The HIICT consisted of eight sets of 20 s exercise with a 10 s passive rest between each set. The initial training intensity was set at 135% of VO2max and was decreased by 5% every two sets. Athletes in both groups performed nine sessions of HIICT during a 3-week period. The total workload and achievement rate of the workload calculated before experiments in each group were used for analysis. VO2max was measured pre- and post-training. After 3 weeks of training, no significant differences in the total workload and the achievement rate of the workload were found between the two groups. VO2max similarly increased in both groups from pre- to post-training (p = 0.016), with no significant differences between the groups (p = 0.680). These results suggest that cadence during HIICT is not a training variable affecting the effect of VO2max.
Browsing Behavior Analysis from Wi-Fi Logs Based on Community Detection: Case Study on Educational Institution

As the growth of technology, the need of internet increases. Wireless internet technology or called Wi-Fi is dominate. Hence, monitoring the usage of Wi-Fi is crucial. Community detection is a technique which can be used to understand browsing behavior analysis. Using this approach, a website is represented as a node in a graph and the transition over websites is represented as an edge where the weight of an edge is calculated based on the frequency of website transition. In this study, we implement two community detection algorithms which support directed and weighted graph, i.e Girvan-Newman and Infomap to know the communities of websites accessed by Wi-Fi users. An evaluation metrics named modularity is employed to access the quality of both algorithms. The results of our experiment show that Infomap performs better to detect communities than Girvan-Newman. Based on browsing behavior analysis, it can be understood that the Wi-Fi network is mostly used for education, entertainment and government purposes. However, we also obtain insight regarding the misbehavior activities which need prevention.
Benefits of Rosuvastatin in Cardiovascular Protection Remain Unclear After HOPE-3.

he use of commercialized statins in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has commonly been accepted based on the informative results of the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists (CTT) reports [1] As an additional effort in the prevention of CVD, professional societies have issued practical recommendations for healthcare providers on the effective use of statins in lowering low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) [2]. Among these statins, atorvastatin and rosuvastatin are regarded as the most effective as they can reduce more than 30% of LDL-C, even at low doses (i.e. atorvastatin 10 mg; rosuvastatin 5 mg) [2]. The results of the recent HOPE-3 study [3], in which 10 mg rosuvastatin was found to reduce the development of CVD by 24% in intermediate-risk persons, may reinforce the role of rosuvastatin in CVD prevention. However, there are some concerns regarding the use of rosuvastatin. Based on the CTT report [1] and our recent literature review [4], 6 atorvastatin and 4 rosuvastatin studies, characterized by their rigorous double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study designs, have been published in the past two decades. A meta-analysis using a random effect model showed that atorvastatin significantly reduced the risk of CVD, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.75-0.90, p <0.001, Figure 1). In contrast, the results of a meta-analysis including the 4 rosuvastatin trials failed to detect a significant reduction in CVD risk, with an OR of 0.86 (0.69-1.07, p = 0.163). Surprisingly, the effect of rosuvastatin in CVD risk prevention remained controversial, even after inclusion of the encouraging HOPE-3 study [3] in the analysis, which then yielded an overall OR of 0.84 (0.70-1.01, p = 0.063, Figure 1). While it is believed that CVD is significantly driven by LDL-C, and thereby the “class effect” of statins in lowering LDL-C has been viewed as essential in CVD prevention, the inconsistency in the atorvastatin and rosuvastatin results suggests that the “class effect” of statins in CVD protection R ep ri nt fr om T he R ev ie w o fD IA B E T IC S U D IE S V ol 13 N o 4 20 16
sEMG-Based Drawing Trace Reconstruction: A Novel Hybrid Algorithm Fusing Gene Expression Programming into Kalman Filter

How to reconstruct drawing and handwriting traces from surface electromyography (sEMG) signals accurately has attracted a number of researchers recently. An effective algorithm is crucial to reliable reconstruction. Previously, nonlinear regression methods have been utilized successfully to some extent. In the quest to improve the accuracy of transient myoelectric signal decoding, a novel hybrid algorithm KF-GEP fusing Gene Expression Programming (GEP) into Kalman Filter (KF) framework is proposed for sEMG-based drawing trace reconstruction. In this work, the KF-GEP was applied to reconstruct fourteen drawn shapes and ten numeric characters from sEMG signals across five participants. Then the reconstruction performance of KF-GEP, KF and GEP were compared. The experimental results show that the KF-GEP algorithm performs best because it combines the advantages of KF and GEP. The findings add to the literature on the muscle-computer interface and can be introduced to many practical fields.