Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Iron-dependent Bacterial Phospholipase D Reminiscent of Purple Acid Phosphatases*

Recombinant phospholipase D (PLD) fromStreptomyces chromofuscus (scPLD) has been characterized using colorimetric assays, spectroscopic investigations, and site-directed mutagenesis. scPLD, which shows phosphodiesterase activity toward a wide variety of phospholipids and phosphatase activity toward p-nitrophenyl phosphate, exhibits a visible absorption band with λmax at 570 nm. Metal ion analysis performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy shows the presence of ∼1 equivalent of iron, 0.27 equivalent of manganese, and 0.1 equivalent of zinc per mole of protein as isolated. The metal ion content coupled with the visible absorption feature is compatible with the presence of Fe3+-tyrosinate coordination. When scPLD was dialyzed against solutions containing Mn2+, Zn2+ or EDTA, the Fe3+content was reduced to variable extents, and the residual specific activity correlated well with the residual iron content. Sequence homology with metal ion binding motifs in known alkaline phosphatases and purple acid phosphatase from red kidney bean shows that most of the residues involved in metal ion coordination are conserved among all the sequences considered. Mutation of some of these conserved residues (C123A, D151A, Y154F, and H391A) produced enzymes lacking iron with dramatically reduced PLD activity but little change in secondary structure or ability to bind to small unilamellar vesicles of phosphatidylcholine (with Ba2+) or phosphatidic acid. We suggest that scPLD is a member of a family of phosphodiesterase/phosphatases with structural and mechanistic similarity to iron-dependent purple acid phosphatases.
Assessment of event quality in major spectator sports

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to enhance understanding of service quality at major spectator sports events by developing a conceptual framework and measurement scale specifically designed for assessment of spectators' perceptions of event quality.Design/methodology/approach – Utilising a comprehensive literature review and detailed qualitative preliminary procedures, a comprehensive model of event quality for spectator sports (MEQSS) and a measurement scale of event quality in spectator sports (SEQSS) are developed. The models are then tested using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling using data from a quantitative survey of a convenience sample of spectators at a major league baseball game in the United States.Findings – The proposed model is shown to fit the data well. Reliability and validity of the SEQSS are established through a pilot test and the substantive survey.Research limitations/implications – The findings of the study are limited by the sample being restric.
E‐shopping lovers and fearful conservatives: a market segmentation analysis

Purpose – To classify internet users into holiday shopper and non‐shopper segments, and to profile the demographic, psychographic, and computer use characteristics of each segment.Design/methodology/approach – Self‐report data come from a national US sample of online internet users. Segments are customer revealed using traditional cluster analysis. Lifestyle measures are reduced to higher order measures using factor analysis. Profiles are analyzed via descriptive statistics, graphs, and radar charts.Findings – Six important segments are identified in the data. Three of the segments characterize customers who resist online shopping, even though they engage in other online activities. Security fears and technological incompetence typically inhibit these users from engaging in electronic exchange. Some internet users simply choose not to shop online. Three of the segments describe active e‐shoppers who are driven by a unique desire to socialize, minimize inconvenience, and maximize value.Research limitations.
The importance of circumstance

Access to and affordability of digital technology for vulnerable and disadvantaged groups is an ongoing concern in an Australian context, however the digital needs, issues and barriers for consumers who are homeless are largely neglected in this literature. This paper presents findings from a research project on mobile phones and the internet in the lives of people experiencing homelessness and engages with some key issues of digital exclusion arising in the context of a general shift in connectivity to mobile media and the push by the Australian government to reform service provision around these changes. The paper argues for the need to recognise the ways that life situations and circumstances of hardship, such as homelessness, factor into the patterns of mobile and Internet connectivity, creating unique issues of digital access and equity. It argues for knowledge of these differences to inform digital delivery of government services and approaches to telecommunications policies and assistance programs, and puts forward a number of recommendations based on a study of 95 adults, families and young people experiencing homelessness which was carried out in Sydney and Melbourne in early 2014.
Structural and functional characterization of the Drosophila glycogen phosphorylase gene.

We identified a P element insertional mutant of the Drosophila glycogen phosphorylase (DGPH) gene. Glycogen phosphorylase protein concentration and enzyme activity are decreased while glycogen content is increased in flies homozygous for the mutant allele. The DGPH gene has been cloned and sequenced; its open reading frame codes for a protein of 844 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 97 kDa. Comparison of the conceptual amino acid sequence of the Drosophila glycogen phosphorylase with glycogen phosphorylase sequences from other organisms shows a high degree of homology to mammalian enzymes. All the residues of the allosteric effector binding sites, the active site, and the site of phosphorylation are exactly conserved, but some of the residues of the glycogen storage site are not.
Corporate Identity and the Advent of Corporate Marketing

This paper places corporate identity studies in a historical context with the writer arguing that there have been four distinct phases in the area's evolution. Currently, there is increasing international and interdisciplinary contact between scholars engaged in identity research. Recent developments have led the writer to postulate that the literature on corporate identity, organisational identity and corporate communication may be regarded as forming the basic building blocks of a new, cognate area of management which in time may be known as Corporate Marketing. However, the marketing mix as applied to organisations in their totality will need to be rethought. In this paper the 4Ps are extended to 10Ps with philosophy, personality, people, performance, perception and positioning complementing the existing 4Ps. In addition, the author identifies nine key interfaces, which need to be examined by managers and consultants when reviewing an organisation's identity. Such interfaces represent 'moments of truth.
When Rejection Sensitivity Matters: Regulating Dependence Within Daily Interactions With Family and Friends

This diary study examined situational dependence within daily interactions with family members and close friends over a 2-week period. Experiencing low personal control (high situational dependence) when interacting with family members and friends was associated with lower perceived regard and intimacy. Participants generally regulated felt dependence by derogating and withdrawing from their interaction partner (self-protective dependence regulation) and exhibiting lower levels of positive behavior, such as expressing thoughts and feelings or trying to improve the interaction (relationship-promotive dependence regulation). Furthermore, higher rejection sensitivity (but not low self-esteem) was associated with more negative evaluations of perceived regard and intimacy, greater self-protective dependence regulation, and lower relationship-promotive dependence regulation within low control interactions. These results identify dependence as a key element of rejection risk contexts and support the situation-specific nature of rejection sensitivity.
Ratings Quality and Borrowing Choice

This paper examines how the quality of issuer-paid credit ratings affects the choice between “arm’s length” vs. intermediated (e.g., bank) debt. We argue that investors are more likely to question the quality of issuer-paid ratings when those ratings are more favorable than investor-paid ratings or market-based indicators of credit quality (e.g., credit default swap (CDS) spreads). Concerns about the quality of issuer-paid ratings, in turn, increase information asymmetries between issuers and investors, resulting in a higher cost of funding. Consistent with this argument, we find that bond spreads are inversely related to our measures of rating quality, with rating quality having the greatest impact on bonds where the incentives to inflate ratings are the greatest. We also find that firms with poor quality ratings substitute bank loans and private debt for public debt. Using a difference in differences analysis, we find that bank borrowing leads to a significant reduction in the bond premium of firms with poor quality ratings. Overall, our results suggest that poor quality issuer-paid credit ratings are associated with a “lemons discount” that debt issuers attempt to avoid by borrowing from better-informed private lenders.
Standardized uptake values of normal tissues at PET with 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose: variations with body weight and a method for correction.

PURPOSE To study the relationship between standardized uptake values (SUVs) in normal tissues and body weight determined with positron emission tomography (PET). MATERIALS AND METHODS SUVs were determined in 28 nondiabetic women with newly diagnosed untreated primary breast cancers. Body weights ranged from 45 to 107 kg. SUVs for lung, liver, marrow, spleen, blood, and normal breast were determined from images obtained with PET 50-60 minutes after injection of 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG). RESULTS There was a positive correlation between SUV and body weight for blood, (r = .75, P = .000004), liver (r = .72, P = .000081), and spleen (r = .57, P = .033), all of which had substantial F-18 activity. In heavy patients, SUVs for those normal tissues were up to twice those of lighter patients. Calculating SUV on the basis of predicted lean body mass (SUV-Lean) eliminated the weight dependence of the SUV for blood (r = .26, P = .18) and reduced weight dependence in other tissues. CONCLUSION SUV-Lean is a weight-independent index for blood FDG accumulation at PET and may be more appropriate than SUV for quantifying F-18 activity in tumors.
Conjugative R plasmids in Streptococcus faecium (group D)

Ten isolates of Streptococcus faecium were found to be resistant to penicillin, tetracycline, macrolides and related drugs, streptomycin, and kanamycin, and four strains were resistant to chloramphenicol. Six of these 10 strains transferred all their resistance markers (except penicillin) by conjugation at a low frequency (10(-7) to 10(-9)). Several plasmids of different molecular weights were found in each of the wild-type strains. In 5 of 11 transconjugant strains, R plasmids were detected which had molecular weights identical to those of the plasmids found in the corresponding donor strain. Each of the six other transconjugants harbored one plasmid with a size different from those found in the corresponding donor strain, suggesting the occurrence of molecular events during or after conjugative transfer. None of the five tetracycline-resistant transconjugants contained detectable satellite DNA, HindIII restriction enzyme fingerprints of S. faecium resistance plasmids were different from the HindIII patterns of macrolide, aminoglycoside, and tetracycline resistance plasmids from other strains of streptococci.
Conformation of a bulge‐containing oligomer from a hot‐spot sequence by NMR and energy minimization

Two‐dimensional nmr data on a bulge‐containing oligodeoxyribonucleotide, 5′dGATGGGCAG · dCTGACCCATC, and a regular oligomer of similar sequence, 5′dGATGGCAG · dCTGCCATC, are presented. The nonexchangeable protons are assigned from sequential nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) connectivities. The two‐dimensional NOE (NOESY) and correlated (COSY) spectra of the bulge‐containing oligomer are compared to those of the perfect 8‐mer. Experimental proton‐proton distances are determined from NOESY spectra acquired with mixing times of 100, 150, and 200 ms, using comparable distances in the B‐DNA region of the molecule as a calibration. With this approach, measured distances do not depend systematically on mixing time. Energy minimization techniques are used to calculate a three‐dimensional structure for the bulge‐containing oligomer in agreement with the nmr data. The helix is of the B family, with the extra adenine stacked into the helix, and the helix axis is bent by 20°.
Perceptions of Industrial Design: The “Means” and the “Ends”

It is widely accepted that industrial design can play an important role in the development of innovative products, but integrating design-thinking into new product development (NPD) is a challenge. This is because industrial designers have very different perspectives and goals than the other members of the NPD team, and this can lead to tensions. It has been postulated that the communications between NPD managers and industrial designers are made more difficult because each group uses very different language. This research made the first empirical investigation of the language used by designers and managers in describing “good” and “poor” industrial design. In-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of 19 managers and industrial designers at five leading companies. Multiple sources of data were utilized, including the repertory grid technique to elicit the key attributes of design, from the perspective of managers and designers. Using a robust, systematic coding approach to maximize the validity and reliability of qualitative data analysis, it was established that managers and industrial designers do not use a completely different vocabulary as previously supposed. Rather, it was found that managers and industrial designers use some common terms augmented by additional terms that are specific to each group: managers are commercially orientated in the “ends” they want to achieve and designers perceive more antecedents (“means”) necessary to achieve their “ends”—iconic design. This research led to a grounded conceptual model of the role of design, as perceived by managers and industrial designers. The implications of the results achieved are wide: they indicate how managers and designers can interact more productively during NPD; they highlight the need for more research on the language of designers and managers; and they point to issues that need to be covered in the education of industrial designers. Finally, this work suggests how managers and designers can engage in a more fruitful dialogue that will help to make NPD more productive.
Understanding news sharing in social media: An explanation from the diffusion of innovations theory

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to draw from the diffusion of innovations theory to explore multi-levels of influences (i.e. individuals, networks, news attributes) on news sharing in social media. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was designed and administered to 309 respondents. Structural equation modelling analysis was conducted to examine the three levels of influential factors. These included self-perceptions of opinion leadership and seeking at the individual level, perceived tie strength and homophily at the network level, and finally, perceived news credibility and news preference at the news attribute level. Findings – The results revealed that the influences of self-perceptions of opinion leadership, perceived tie strength in online networks and perceived preference of online news had significant effects on users’ news sharing intention in social media. However, self-perceptions of opinion seeking, homophily, and perceived news credibility were not significant. Originality/value – T.
Exchange Rate Regimes, Capital Flows and Crisis Prevention

In this paper I analyze, within the context of the new 'financial architecture,' the relationship between exchange rate regimes, capital flows and currency crises in emerging economies. The paper draws on lessons learned during the 1990s, and deals with some of the most important policy controversies that emerged after the Mexican, East Asian, Russian and Brazilian crises. I evaluate some recent proposals for reforming the international financial architecture that have emphasized exchange rate regimes and capital mobility. I discuss emerging markets' ability to have floating exchange rate regime, and I analyze issues related to 'dollarization. '
Capecitabine‐induced severe hypertriglyceridaemia and diabetes: a case report and review of the literature

insulin-treated Type 2 diabetes: frequency, symptoms and impaired awareness. Diabet Med 2003; 20: 1016–1021. 7 Akram K, Pedersen-Bjergaard U, Carstensen B, Borch-Johnsen K, Thorsteinsson B. Frequency and risk factors of severe hypoglycemia in insulin-treated Type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional survey. Diabet Med 2006; 23: 750–756. 8 Pedersen-Bjergaard U, Pramming S, Heller SR, Wallace TM, Rasmussen AK, Jorgensen HV et al. Severe hypoglycaemia in 1076 adult patients with type 1 diabetes: influence of risk markers and selection. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2004; 20: 479–486. 9 UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998; 352: 837–853. 10 Abraira C, Colwell JA, Nuttall FQ, Sawin CT, Nagel NJ, Comstock JP et al. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on glycemic control and complications in type II diabetes (VA CSDM). Results of the feasibility trial. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study in Type II Diabetes. Diabetes Care 1995; 18: 1113–1123. 11 Leese GP, Wang J, Broomhall J, Kelly P, Marsden A, Morrison W et al. Frequency of severe hypoglycemia requiring emergency treatment in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a population-based study of health service resource use. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 1176– 1180. 12 Holstein A, Plaschke A, Egberts EH. Clinical characterisation of severe hypoglycaemia—a prospective population-based study. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2003; 6: 364–369. 13 Pramming S, Thorsteinsson B, Bendtson I, Binder C. Symptomatic hypoglycaemia in 411 Type 1 diabetic patients. Diabet Med 1991; 8: 217–222. 14 Schopman JE, Geddes J, Frier BM. Prevalence of impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes and its effect on hypoglycaemia frequency (Abstract). Diabetologia 2008; 51: A681. 15 Gold AE, MacLeod KM, Frier BM. Frequency of severe hypoglycaemia in patients with type I diabetes with impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia. Diabetes Care 1994; 17: 697–703. 16 Boyle PJ, Zrebiec J. Impact of therapeutic advances on hypoglycaemia in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2008; 24: 257–285.
An alternative analysis of inventory costs of JIT and EOQ purchasing

Recent models comparing inventory costs under just‐in‐time (JIT) purchasing plans and economic order quantity (EOQ) purchasing plans have tended to favor EOQ purchasing in situations where annual demand of inventory is moderately large. Contends that these cost models are lacking dynamic cost components inherent in virtually all JIT purchasing plans. Presents a series of inventory purchasing cost models that extend prior methodology by Fazel by including relevant physical distribution cost savings. Additional comparative models are presented to further demonstrate how other relevant costs factors can be included in a comparative EOQ/JIT model. A cost comparison with an existing problem from the literature is used to illustrate the informational efficacy of new models.
How do consumers evaluate Internet retail service quality

The conceptualization and assessment of service quality continues to play an important role in marketing for both academics and practitioners alike. This study extends the service quality literature by utilizing semi‐structured depth interviews with 58 online shoppers to uncover key aspects of Internet service quality. Results indicate that consumers evaluate the service of Internet marketers in terms of five major dimensions: performance, access, security, sensation, and information. While marketing academicians may use the study’s findings as a framework to develop measures to empirically assess Internet service quality, online retailers may use our findings as a resource while constructing, managing, and evaluating their marketing strategies.
Use of antimicrobials for animals in New Zealand, and in comparison with other countries

Abstract AIM: To describe the use of antimicrobial drugs for food animals in New Zealand, based on sales data reported to government, changes over time, and in comparison with other countries and human use. METHODS: Data were sourced from official government and industry reports covering 26 European countries, Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States of America in 2012, the last year data were available for all countries. The data included antimicrobial sales, and animal and human populations. Antimicrobial use was estimated based on the amount of active ingredient sold, per standardised biomass (population correction unit). RESULTS: The estimated usage of antimicrobials for food animals in New Zealand for 2012 was 9.4 mg active ingredient/kg biomass. Total sales of antimicrobials between 2005–14 increased on average by 2.5% or 1.5 tonnes per year. Over the same time total animal biomass decreased by an estimated 4.3%, with the main decrease being in sheep (25%) and beef cattle (17%), while dairy cattle increased (28%). In the countries examined, the estimated usage of antimicrobials in food producing animals in 2012 varied from 3.8 to 341 mg active ingredient/kg biomass, in Norway and Italy, respectively, with use in New Zealand being the third lowest. Usage of antimicrobials for human health in New Zealand in 2012 was estimated at 121 mg active ingredient/kg biomass, being ranked sixteenth of the countries compared. Use in humans was 12.9 times the use in animals. CONCLUSIONS: New Zealand was the third lowest user of antimicrobials in animal production and used much less than in human medicine. This is the first report of baseline data which may be used by the New Zealand animal health industry to develop, and measure success in, approaches to maximise the life of antimicrobials for animal health and welfare. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: New Zealand veterinarians will soon have to make changes to adopt the World Health Organisation’s global action plan to manage antimicrobial resistance. Having a benchmark of current antimicrobial use will inform priorities and allow measurement of the impact of future programmes.
Closed-form solution of Pure Proportional Navigation with tracker-in-loop

The analytical closed form solution of the equations of motion of a missile tracking a non-maneuvering target using the pure proportional navigation (PPN) law based on an estimate of line-of-sight (LOS) rate is presented. The solution is obtained in the form of a uniformly convergent series of functions in polar coordinates for navigation constants Nges2. The effect of error bounds of the estimator on the closed loop solution is presented, in line with the approach of Becker [1].