Enterprise systems enabled organisational change : a qualitative critical realist approach on organisational routines dynamics

7 DECLARATION . 8 COPYRIGHT STATEMENT. 9 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 10 DEDICATION . 12 1. CHAPTER ONE – INTRODUCTION . 13 1.0. INTRODUCTION . 13 1.1. RESEARCH BACKGROUND . 15 1.2. AREA OF CONCERN . 16 1.3. RESEARCH GAP . 17 1.4. RESEARCH JUSTIFICATION . 18 1.5. RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES . 18 1.6. RESEARCH QUESTIONS . 19 1.7. OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY . 19 1.8. OVERVIEW OF THE THESIS CHAPTER . 26 1.9. SUMMARY . 28 2. CHAPTER TWOCRITICAL REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE . 30 2.0. INTRODUCTION . 30 2.1. ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS . 32 2.1.1. Reasons for Adopting Enterprise Systems . 35 2.1.2. Importance of Enterprise Systems . 35 2.2. RESEARCH ON ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS . 38 2.2.1. Prior Research on Enterprise System Applications . 38 2.3. ORGANISATIONAL CHANGE . 40 2.3.1. Organisational Routines as a Unit of Analysis . 43 2.4. MATERIALITY IN ORGANISATIONAL CHANGE . 45 2.4.1. Sociomateriality in Organisational Studies . 47 2.4.2. Socio-Technical Systems in Organisational Studies . 48 2.5. SOCIOMATERIALITY AND ORGANISATIONAL CHANGE . 50 2.6. LITERATURE GAP . 51 2.7. THEORETICAL CONSIDERATION IN IT AND SOCIAL ORGANISING. 52 2.7. 1. Affordances . 53 2.8. THEORISING IT ORGANISATIONAL CHANGE . 56 2.8. 1. Adaptive Structuration Theory . 57 2.8. 2. Organisational Routine Theory . 58 2.9. ORGANISATIONAL ROUTINES & ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS . 62 2.10. SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE REVIEW . 63 2 | P a g e 3. CHAPTER THREE – THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK . 64 3.0. INTRODUCTION . 64 3.1. NATURE OF THEORIES IN INFORMATION SYSTEM RESEARCH . 65 3.2. THE INTERPLAY OF THEORY & METHOD . 68 3.3. CRITICAL REALISM AS A META-THEORY . 69 3.4. DIMENSIONS OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK . 70 3.4.1. Organisational Routines. 70 3.4.1.1. Ostensive Aspect of Routines . 70 3.4.1.2. Performative Aspect of Routines . 70 3.4.1.3. Material aspect of Routines . 71 3.4.2. Organisational Routines in CR Stratified Ontology . 72 3.4.3. Enterprise Systems Affordances . 74 3.4.4. Generative Mechanisms as ES Affordances . 75 3.5. A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ON ORGANISATIONAL ROUTINES CHANGE BY ES . 78 3.5. 1. ES Embeddedness and Organisational Change . 78 3.6. SUMMARY . 79 4. CHAPTER FOUR – METHODOLOGY . 80 4.0. INTRODUCTION . 80 4.1. RESEARCH DESIGN . 82 4.2. RESEARCH ONION FRAMEWORK . 83 4.3. PHILOSOPHY IN SOCIAL SCIENCE . 84 4.4. PHILOSOPHICAL CONSIDERATION IN CRITICAL REALISM . 84 4.4.1. CR main Arguments towards positivism & Interpretivism . 86 4.4.2. Ontology in Critical Realism . 87 4.4.2.1. Independent Reality . 88 4.4.2.2. Stratified Ontology . 88 4.4.2.3. Structure . 90 4.4.2.4. Mechanisms . 91 4.4.2.5. Events . 92 4.4.2.6. Experiences . 92 4.4.2.7. Emergence . 93 4.4.2.8. Open Systems Perspective . 94 4.4.3. Epistemology in Critical Realism . 94 4.4.3.1. Explanation Rather than Prediction . 95 4.4.4. Methodology in Critical Realism . 96 4.4.5. Justification of Adopting Critical Realism for this Research . 98 4.5. RESEARCH APPROACH . 100 4.5. 1. Importance of Research Approach . 101 4.5. 2. Deductive Reasoning as Theory Testing . 102 4.5. 3. Inductive Reasoning as Theory Building . 102 4.5. 4. Abductive Reasoning .