Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Short‐term effects of Quirlan® (chlorfenvinphos) on the behavior and acetylcholinesterase activity of Gambusia holbrooki

Chlorfenvinphos is a widespread organophosphorous (OP) insecticide and it is a reported hazardous chemical for aquatic nontarget organisms. This study intended to evaluate the effects of sublethal concentrations of Quirlan® (commercial formulation of chlorfenvinphos) on several behavioral parameters of the mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki. The insecticide showed high toxicity to G. holbrooki by significantly impairing all the behavioral responses (location in the test vessel, activity/excitability, swimming, and feeding), exhibiting a time‐dependent pattern. Behavioral EC50s, after a 96‐h exposure, ranged from 5.2 to 9.0 μg L−1. As OP pesticides are acutely neurotoxic, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was also selected for use as a biomarker in this study for the establishment of a relationship with the observed behavior abnormalities. A strong inhibition of AChE was observed in fish exposed to chlorfenvinphos (IC50 = 3.55 μg L−1). Behavioral impairment was registered in fish with >40% AChE inhibition levels, while mortality was only observable in fish exhibiting AChE inhibition levels >80%. Additionally, significant correlations were found between behavioral impairment and AChE inhibition, suggesting a mechanistic link. These results show the usefulness of integrating biochemical and individual endpoints in a small‐sized model species, and confirm a potential hazard of chlorfenvinphos to nontarget aquatic organisms. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 22: 194–202, 2007.
Frequency dependence of performance in Ge negative capacitance PFETs achieving sub-30 mV/decade swing and 110 mV hysteresis at MHz

We report the first investigation of frequency dependence of performance in Ge HfZrOx (HZO) negative capacitance (NC) pFETs. For Ge NC pFETs with internal gate [Fig. 1(b)], pulse measurement produces the significant increase in hysteresis compared to the DC measurement, but devices still remains sub-60 mV/decade subthreshold swing (SS). Ge NC pFETs without internal gate [Fig. 1(c)] show the little dependence of hysteresis, SS, and capacitance characteristics on pulse measurement (from DC to 1 μs). Ge NC pFET without internal gate achieves sub-30 mV/decade SS and 110 mV hysteresis with 1 ¡is pulse measurement, and significant peak in gate capacitance due to the NC effect at MHz. The different frequency dependences of performance in NC devices with and without internal gate might be attributed to the difference in the magnitude of gate leakage currents.
Public Health Preparedness for Mass-Casualty Events: A 2002 State-by-State Assessment

Abstract Introduction: The ongoing threat of a terrorist attack places public agencies under increasing pressure to ensure readiness in the event of a disaster. Yet, little published information exists regarding the current state of readiness, which would allow local and regional organizations to develop disaster preparedness plans that would function seamlessly across service areas. The objective of this study is to characterize state-level disaster readiness soon after September 2001 and correlate readiness with existing programs providing an organized response to medical emergencies. Methods: During the first quarter of 2002, a cross-sectional survey assessing five components of disaster readiness was administered in all 50 states. The five components of disaster readiness included: (1) statewide disaster planning; (2) coordination; (3) training; (4) resource capacity; and (5) preparedness for biological/chemical terrorism. Results: Most states reported the presence of a statewide disaster plan (94%), but few are tested by activation, (48%) and still fewer contain a bioterrorism component (38%). All states have designated disaster operations centers (100%), but few states have an operating communications system linking health and medical resources (36%). Approximately half of states offer disaster training to medical professionals; about 10% of states require the training. Between 22–48% of states have various contingency plans to treat victims when service capacity is exceeded. Biochemical protective equipment for health professionals is lacking in all but one state, and only 10% of states indicate that all hospitals have decontamination capabilities. States with a functioning statewide trauma system were significantly more likely to possess key attributes of a functioning disaster readiness plan. Conclusion: These findings suggest that disaster plans are prevalent among states. However, key programs and policies were noticeably absent. Communication systems remain fragmented and adequate training programs and protective equipment for health personnel are markedly lacking. Statewide trauma systems may provide a framework upon which to build future medical disaster readiness capacity.
The influence of board independence, board size and managerial ownership on firm investment efficiency

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between corporate governance, namely board independence, board size, and managerial ownership, with firm investment efficiency. Top 200 public listed companies in Malaysia according to market capitalisation from 2009 to 2011 were selected as a sample for the study. Level of investment efficiency was determined based on deviation from expected investment using the investment prediction model as a function of revenue growth. Board independence is measured by proportion of independent non-executive director of the board while board size is based on total number of directors of the board. Managerial ownership was calculated based on percentage of share owned by the executive director over the total number of shares issued by the company. Size of firm was computed based on total assets used as a control variable. Binomial logistic regression analysis was employed to test the hypotheses. The study found that only board size influenced the level of investment of the company, while board independence and managerial ownership prevent inefficiency pertaining to investment decision making. The results confirm the role of corporate governance in enhancing the performance of the company, particularly the role of the board size in protecting the interest of the shareholders.
Detrimental Relations of Maximization With Academic and Career Attitudes

Maximization refers to a decision-making style that involves seeking the single best option when making a choice, which is generally dysfunctional because people are limited in their ability to rationally evaluate all options and identify the single best outcome. The vocational consequences of maximization are examined in two samples, college students and working adults. After controlling for trait perfectionistic striving, highly maximizing students reported lower satisfaction and perceived fit with their majors, higher academic turnover cognitions, and lower career decision self-efficacy (Study 1). Similarly, highly maximizing adults reported less satisfaction and perceived fit with their jobs, higher employment turnover cognitions, and less satisfaction with the progression of their careers (Study 2). In both studies, the relations of maximization and these outcomes were mediated by negative affect, pointing to feelings of regret and frustration as a mechanism that drives these negative appraisals. Implications for practice and directions for future research are discussed.
Individual and Group Activity Recognition in Moving Object Trajectories

The knowledge about which activities people do at certain places is useful for several application domains. Existing works for activity recognition from trajectory data assume that only one activity is performed at each place, and do not identify the objects involved in each activity. We claim that several activities may be performed at certain places, such as shopping centers, universities, and others. In this paper, we propose a new method to recognize multiple activities performed at a place by integrating GPS trajectories and social media data, labeling trajectories with activities and the individuals involved in each activity. Experiments show that the proposed solution achieved good results in labeling and recognizing both individual and group activities.
Investigating Haptic Perception of and Physiological Responses to Air Vortex Rings on a User's Cheek

Haptic perception is one of the primary means of interaction with the world. Recent research on affective haptics suggests that it can affect emotional and behavioral responses. In this study, we evaluate user perceptions of haptic stimuli generated by air vortex rings on the cheek and investigate the effects on their physiological responses. To develop a cheek haptic display, we investigated and found that the cheek had enough resolution to perceive the differences in haptic stimuli in a two-point discrimination threshold test of the face. Additionally, the intensities of the haptic stimuli for experiments were determined by investigating the subjective impressions of different stimuli pairs. Finally, we conducted experiments to evaluate quantitatively the effects of four different combinations of haptic stimuli on the physiological responses in terms of stress modification, brainwave activities, task performance, and subjective assessment. The results suggest that different stimuli affect physiological responses and task performance.
The boundary conditions of gender diversity in top teams

Purpose In this study, the authors aim to extend previous research and examine the phenomenon of gender diversity on firm performance in the context that of community-based enterprises (CBEs). The study builds on gender role theory and analyzes three factors that affect the relationship between gender diversity and firm performance: the overall percentage of women in the business, the level of participative decision-making and top management team (TMT) compensation. Design/methodology/approach Data for this study were obtained from the Solidarity Economy Enterprise Database. The Brazilian Government created the database to gather information regarding the status of the Solidarity Economy in the country. Findings The authors argue and find support for the idea that gender diversity in TMT positively influences firm performance. However, there is a point where higher presence of women in the business starts to be detrimental for firm performance. That is, the authors find that there is a curvilinear relationship between gender diversity in TMT and firm performance. Moreover, they found strong empirical evidence for the influence of compensation in strengthening the effect of gender diversity on firm performance. Research limitations/implications The great potential that this study offers applied to the CBEs relies on the fact that these businesses are naturally oriented toward equality, so understanding how the unbalance in gender diversity may affect the firm performance could help us to understand if there is a disconnection between the theory and the practice in terms of how women are positioned. Practical implications The paper has important implications for corporate boards and policy-makers, suggesting the importance of increasing the number of women in boards of directors to benefit from the diversity in value, perspectives, background and skills they bring to TMTs. This study focuses on an under-researched context in terms of TMTs – CBEs. Social implications This work shows that gender diversity in top on boards of CBE’s is positive which is aligned to the orientation toward equality that these businesses have. However, at the same time even although having more women is positive for financial performance, there is a saturation point from when the influences starts to be detrimental. Originality/value The authors consider that this study raises areas for further consideration in efforts to understand what are the boundary conditions of gender diversity in top teams.
Map-based Support for Wireless Sensor Network Simulation

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are receiving growing attention in the research community. As simulation is a frequently used approach also to test and validate approaches, the simulation environments need to be able to support the evolving WSN design schemes. While a growing research trend in WSN is to address regions instead of single sensor nodes, existing WSN simulation environments still do not support modeling and design on this abstraction level. In this context, we propose MAP++ as a framework that extends the OMNeT++ network simulator. It provides a suite of tools needed to support WSN simulations. In particular, MAP++ supports map-based topology and scenario generation and evaluation. It also provides trace data visualization and database powered analysis. The usability of MAP++ is illustrated via examples of applications over each phase of simulation development, i.e., modeling, design, implementation and performance evaluation, and case studies for map construction algorithms. We show the utility of our tool chain to enhance the common statistics-based trace analysis, and to conduct algorithm evaluation and comparison.
Policy Implementation: Some Aspects and Issues

Policy implementation involves translating the goals and objectives of a policy into an action. The systematic study of policy implementation is relatively new in the broader domain of social science. This paper, through a content analysis, critically examines the theoretical issues associated with policy implementation, and the factors associated with implementation failure. Some practical strategies are suggested to overcome implementation performance and concludes with the proposition that implementation failure is also due to lack of theoretical sophistication.
Delayed onset of posttraumatic stress disorder among male combat veterans: a case series.

OBJECTIVE Authors investigated the nature of delayed-onset posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among combat veterans. METHODS PTSD, along with cognitive and emotional functioning, was assessed in a case series of elderly Australian war veterans. RESULTS Fifteen elderly male subjects consecutively referred to an outpatient psychiatric clinic were identified as having PTSD with significantly delayed onset. In most cases, the onset of PTSD symptoms was associated with unrelated medical complaints, psychosocial stress, and/or mild cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION Environmental stressors, coupled with age-related neurodegeneration, may potentially contribute to the late-life recrudescence or emergence of PTSD symptoms in veterans exposed to combat-related trauma.
Correlation of preoperative sinusitis patients' characteristics with final diagnostic findings.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disease which is usually diagnosed clinically, considering the combination of natural history, physical examination and imaging studies. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of routine postoperative histopathologic examination (POHE) in patients with a clinical diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis (CRSWP), or without polyposis (CRSWOP One hundred of patients with clinically approved CRSWP and CRSWOP were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent complete physical examination, scoring paranasal sinuses involvement by Lund-Mackay (LM) CT scoring scale, determining the extent of polyposis by Stumberger's endoscopic classification, and assessing health related quality of life by Sinonasal Test 22 (SNOT22) questionnaire. After FESS, histopathologic results were compared with preoperative clinical diagnosis. Among our patients, 65% were male, and the rest of them were female. Also, 66% of them suffered from CRSWP, and the rest of them were CRSWOP. LM CT score and SNOT22 score was 36.62±12, 17.11±6, and 43.62±20 respectively. Only in one of patients with CRSWP, POHE was other than what was expected preoperatively (adenoid cystic carcinoma). In all other cases, POHE was well correlated with preoperative clinical diagnosis. HRQOL was better in males, absence of septal deviation and CRSWOP (P<0.05). Para nasal sinuses involvement in preoperative CT was more severe in the presence of eosinophil in POHE (P=0.008) and in patients with class 3 Stumberger's classification (P<0.001). This study suggested preoperative clinical diagnosis of CRS considering the combination of natural history, physical examination and imaging studies can be accurate, and POHE is indicated only in suspicious cases.
Who Moves Up the Job Ladder?

In this paper, we use linked employer-employee data to study the reallocation of heterogeneous workers between heterogeneous firms. We build on recent evidence of a cyclical job ladder that reallocates workers from low-productivity to high-productivity firms through job-to-job moves. In this paper, we turn to the question of who moves up this job ladder and the implications for worker sorting across firms. Not surprisingly, we find that job-to-job moves reallocate younger workers disproportionately from less productive to more productive firms. More surprisingly, especially in the context of the recent literature on assortative matching with on-the-job search, we find that job-to-job moves disproportionately reallocate less educated workers up the job ladder. This finding holds even though we find that more educated workers are more likely to work with more productive firms. We find that while highly educated workers are less likely to match to low-productivity firms, they are also less likely to separate from them, with less educated workers more likely to separate to a better employer in expansions and to be shaken off the ladder (separate to nonemployment) in contractions. Our findings underscore the cyclical role job-to-job moves play in matching workers to better-paying employers.
Intracoronary beta‐radiation of de novo coronary lesions using a 186Re liquid‐filled balloon system: Six‐month results from a clinical feasibility study

Vascular brachytherapy has shown to be effective for in‐stent restenosis, but efficacy in de novo lesions remains uncertain. We evaluated feasibility and outcome of intracoronary beta‐radiation therapy in de novo coronary lesions using a 186Re liquid‐filled balloon system. Thirty‐three patients received 20 Gy 186Re beta‐radiation immediately after balloon angioplasty. The 6‐month restenosis rate was 41% (12/29) and restenosis was located within the target lesion in eight patients and at the edges of the injured and irradiated segment, outside the target lesion, in four patients. At 6 months, four patients (12%), all stented during the initial procedure, had experienced a late (> 30 days) total occlusion. Intracoronary beta‐radiation therapy of de novo coronary lesions using 186Re is technically feasible. No reduction in restenosis was observed. The high incidence of late total occlusions may have been prevented by avoiding new stent implantation and prolonging double antiplatelet therapy. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;55:28–36. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quasi-Gregory Antenna for Subnanosecond Impulse Radiation

A quasi-Gregory antenna was designed for subnanosecond impulse radiation. It consists of an ellipsoidal feed, a mirror plane, and a paraboloidal reflector. The second focal point (F2) of the ellipsoidal dish can be regarded as the radiation center of the feed because electromagnetic waves launched from the first focal point of the ellipsoidal dish (F1) are in phase when arriving at point F2, according to geometric optics. The equivalent radiation angle at point F2 is a spherical sector; therefore, it can be designed to geometrically cover the paraboloidal reflector precisely. Gaussian pulses with widths of 200 and 330 ps are used to test the performance of this proposed impulse-radiating antenna (IRA). The 3-dB beamwidth of this proposed IRA with a 1.5 m aperture diameter for the paraboloidal reflector is less than ±3° in the H-plane and less than ±5° in the E-plane. Compared to some existing IRAs, this quasi-Gregory antenna is also suitable for radiating pulses in the subnanosecond regime.
Intelligence and social competence among high-risk adolescents

Abstract Interactions between intelligence and psychosocial factors were examined in terms of influences on social competence among 144 inner-city ninth-grade students. Psychosocial variables examined included ego development, locus of control, and positive and negative life events. Definitions of social competence were based on peer ratings, teacher ratings, and school grades. Results indicated that, unlike their less intelligent peers, intelligent youngsters showed higher competence levels at high versus low levels of both ego development and internal locus of control. Findings were interpreted in the context of sociocultural influences on academic achievement among disadvantaged adolescents.
Evidence for a mammalian late-G1 phase inhibitor of replication licensing distinct from geminin or Cdk activity

Pre-replication complexes (pre-RCs) are assembled onto DNA during late mitosis and G1 to license replication origins for use in S phase. In order to prevent re-replication of DNA, licensing must be completely shutdown prior to entry into S phase. While mechanisms preventing re-replication during S phase and mitosis have been elucidated, the means by which cells first prevent licensing during late G1 phase are poorly understood. We have employed a hybrid mammalian / Xenopus egg extract replication system to dissect activities that inhibit replication licensing at different stages of the cell cycle in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. We find that soluble extracts from mitotic cells inhibit licensing through a combination of geminin and Cdk activities, while extracts from S-phase cells inhibit licensing predominantly through geminin alone. Surprisingly however, geminin did not accumulate until after cells enter S phase. Unlike extracts from cells in early G1 phase, extracts from late G1 phase and early S phase cells contained an inhibitor of licensing that could not be accounted for by either geminin or Cdk. Moreover, inhibiting cyclin and geminin protein synthesis or inhibiting Cdk activity early in G1 phase did not prevent the appearance of inhibitory activity. These results suggest that a soluble inhibitor of replication licensing appears prior to entry into S phase that is distinct from either geminin or Cdk activity. Our hybrid system should permit the identification of this and other novel cell cycle regulatory activities.
Dynamic Ensemble Selection Approach for Hyperspectral Image Classification With Joint Spectral and Spatial Information

Accurate generation of a land cover map using hyperspectral data is an important application of remote sensing. Multiple classifier system (MCS) is an effective tool for hyperspectral image classification. However, most of the research in MCS addressed the problem of classifier combination, while the potential of selecting classifiers dynamically is least explored for hyperspectral image classification. The goal of this paper is to assess the potential of dynamic classifier selection/dynamic ensemble selection (DCS/DES) for classification of hyperspectral images, which consists in selecting the best (subset of) optimal classifier(s) relative to each input pixel by exploiting the local information content of the image pixel. In order to have an accurate as well as computationally fast DCS/DES, we proposed a new DCS/DES framework based on extreme learning machine (ELM) regression and a new spectral-spatial classification model, which incorporates the spatial contextual information by using the Markov random field (MRF) with the proposed DES method. The proposed classification framework can be considered as a unified model to exploit the full spectral and spatial information. Classification experiments carried out on two different airborne hyperspectral images demonstrate that the proposed method yields a significant increase in the accuracy when compared to the state-of-the-art approaches.