Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship among smartphone addiction, age, lack of sleep, fear of missing out and social networking sites use among high school students

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship among smartphone addiction, fear of missing out (FoMO), excessive use of social networking sites (SNSs) on smartphones and sleep duration among high school students. The study group consists of 161 high school students from two state high schools in Turkey. Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis techniques were used in the study, designed according to the cross-sectional method. Based on the findings of the study, there are positively correlated relationships between age, daily duration of SNS use on Smartphone, duration of smartphone ownership, and FoMO variables and smartphone addiction. In addition, there are negatively correlated relationships between duration of sleep (DoS), checking frequency of SNS (CFoS) on smartphone variables and smartphone addiction. Finally, FoMO, daily duration of SNS use on smartphone and duration of smartphone ownership predict smartphone addiction. The FoMO variable is the strongest predictor of smartphone addiction among these variables.
40Ar/39Ar dating of alkaline lamprophyres from the Polish Western Carpathians.

Amphiboles from two types of alkaline lamprophyres from the Silesian Nappe in the Polish Western Carpathians were dated by 40Ar/39Ar stepwise heating technique. Three teschenite samples representing mesocratic type of lamprophyres yielded similar ages of 122.3±1.6 Ma, while leucocratic lamprophyre represented by a syenite dyke gave 120.4±1.4 Ma date. These ages are interpreted as the time of magmatic emplacement during Early Cretaceous extensional episode within the Silesian Basin. Ages for both types of lamprophyres are identical within error limits, which points to fast (probably ca. 5 Ma) magma evolution from meso to leucocratic stage.
Gender specific honor codes and cultural change

The current research investigates two main goals. First, it investigates the cultural and gender differences in gender specific honor codes among youth (N =482) from cultures with a high orientation on honor (Moroccan vs. Turkish) compared to youth from a culture with a low orientation on honor (native Dutch). Second, the current research investigates the cultural change in values underlying honor codes. Before an educational program, a pre-training test assessed the perceived determinants (i.e., religion, culture, parents and other close relatives, and friends and peers) of honor. Furthermore, the perceived importance of sexual purity of female and male family members for honor, and the perceived responsibility for the sexual purity of female family members were assessed. In addition, the current study also investigated whether students from cultures with a high orientation on honor vs. cultures with a low orientation on honor are able to indicate different types of violence as honor related, and to what extent they endorse violence against themselves when they would violate their family honor. The results of the current study shows that cultural change in cultural beliefs and attitudes underlying honor is possible through educational programs. The implications of the findings are discussed.
Multiparameter adjoint tomography of the crust and upper mantle beneath East Asia: 1. Model construction and comparisons

We present a 3‐D radially anisotropic model of the crust and mantle beneath East Asia down to 900 km depth. Adjoint tomography based on a spectral element method is applied to a phenomenal data set comprising 1.7 million frequency‐dependent traveltime measurements from waveforms of 227 earthquakes recorded by 1869 stations. Compressional wave speeds are independently constrained and simultaneously inverted along with shear wave speeds (VSH and VSV) using the same waveform data set with comparable resolution. After 20 iterations, the new model (named EARA2014) exhibits sharp and detailed wave speed anomalies with improved correlations with surface tectonic units compared to previous models. In the upper 100 km, high wave speed (high‐V) anomalies correlate very well with the Junggar and Tarim Basins, the Ordos Block, and the Yangtze Platform, while strong low wave speed (low‐V) anomalies coincide with the Qiangtang Block, the Songpan Ganzi Fold Belt, the Chuandian Block, the Altay‐Sayan Mountain Range, and the back‐arc basins along the Pacific and Philippine Sea Plate margins. At greater depths, narrow high‐V anomalies correspond to major subduction zones and broad high‐V anomalies to cratonic roots in the upper mantle and fragmented slabs in the mantle transition zone. In particular, EARA2014 reveals a strong high‐V structure beneath Tibet, appearing below 100 km depth and extending to the bottom of the mantle transition zone, and laterally spanning across the Lhasa and Qiangtang Blocks. In this paper we emphasize technical aspects of the model construction and provide a general discussion through comparisons.
Control of Stem Pitting of Grapefruit in Australia by Mild Strain Protection

Trials to determine if mild strains of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) cross protect grapefruit against aphid-transmitted CTV severe strains were established at two climatically distinct sites in New South Wales. After 20 yr more than half the uninoculated (initially virus-free) control trees at Somersby (humid, coastal site) were unproductive with small fruit and severe trunk symptoms of stem pitting, as were the interplanted control trees inoculated with an aphid-transmitted severe strain of CTV. Only 10 of 117 mild strain inoculated trees showed marked deterioration of fruit quality resulting from infection by severe strains. By comparison at Dareton (hot, dry inland site) trees inoculated with the severe strain, although slightly smaller in size and less productive than the uninoculated or mild strain inoculated trees, remained in good health for 17 yr before the production of small fruit became a problem. These trials demonstrated the effect of climate on tristeza symptom expression and aphid transmission, and the benefits of mild strain protection. Tristeza stem pitting has caused problems for growers of grapefruit (Marsh and Thompson cultivars) in New South Wales, Australia since the disease was first observed about 1932 (1). The greatest injury occurred in 1940 to 1950 when many trees 18-25 yr old developed dieback, trunk pitting, and small, deformed fruit (3). However, it was common to find occasional vigorous and productive trees in orchards where many trees were in various stages of deterioration. These vigorous healthy appearing trees were not free of the virus. Very mild vein clearing and pitting symptoms were produced when they were indexed on West Indian lime seedlings. Since these trees had remained apparently healthy for a number of years, under conditions of high aphid activity, it was postulated that the CTV strain complex resident in them must provide a high level of protection against the establishment of severe stem pitting. Attempts were made to exploit this cross protection. Trials with Marsh grapefruit to assess the protective value of mild strains of CTV against natural infection by severe strains have been in progress in New South Wales for 30 yr (3, 2). The aim of these trials was to determine: (i) whether a mild strain of CTV confers protection to a grapefruit tree against severe strains of the virus under field conditions, and (ii) the most suitable budline carrying mild strain CTV for commercial propagation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extensive surveys of grapefruit plantings (Marsh and Thompson cultivars) in New South Wales showed occasional trees with good vigour and fruit quality and free of stem-pitting symptoms in orchards where other grapefruit trees had been severely debilitated by stem-pitting. The healthy trees were selected for further studies and indexed on seedlings of West Indian lime.
Factors behind performance-related pay: evidence from Italy

This paper examines the main determinants of the adoption of performance-related pay (PRP) in Italy. The analysis is performed by merging cross-sectional information on the spread of PRP collected for 2005 by the ISFOL survey with balance sheet data, provided by the AIDA database for a panel of firms, sampled between 2002 and 2005. By performing the cross-sectional analysis for 2005 we find the following results. Firstly, in relation to company characteristics, the probability of adoption of PRP depends on firms’ past performance in terms of value added, but not on capital accumulation and innovation activity. Secondly, in relation to workers’ characteristics, the adoption of PRP increases with the proportion of trained workforce, and with that of employees with fixed-term contracts, whereas it decreases with the female share of the workforce. Lastly, the presence of unions at establishment level and strike activities have positive impacts on the probability of the adoption of PRP.
Informing Policymakers About the Impact of State Funding Formula Components on Rural Schools

This paper is focused on both the conceptual framework for the financial treatment of small schools and/ orschooldistricts and the actualstatus of such schools within existing state finance systems. The first segment provides a brief review of research on the association between school size and educational outcomes. The policyimplications ofthat research are then considered. The thirdportion of the paperis devotedto adescription of current state finance formulas, which are reviewed with a particular emphasis on sparsity andgeographical isolation factors. Finally, some policy considerations relative to the use of such factors are identified.
Effects of new coated release fertilizer on the growth of maize

Slow or controlled release fertilizers have been researched and used more and more widely, developing new slow or controlled release fertilizers is very important. To improve the use efficiency of inorganic fertilizers through the use of coated fertilizer and nitrification inhibitors, 3 newly developed fertilizers (FCRF1:coated fertilizer + 1% DCD, FCRF2: coated fertilizer + 2% DCD and FCRF3:coated fertilizer + 4% DCD) amended with nitrification inhibitors (DCD, C2H4N4), and coated with fly ash were prepared by coating conventional compound fertilizer (N-P-K: 15-6.55-12.4). Using a coated fertilizer (resin coated compound fertilizer, N-P-K: 15-6.55-12.4, 90 day, CRF) made in China and a conventional compound fertilizer (CCF) as checks, their effects on physiological characteristics, yield and quality of maize were examined in a field experiment. The results indicated that, compared to CCF, 3 new developed fertilizers kept higher ammonium nitrogen （NH4+-N）and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) content at later stages and FCRF3 had the highest content, being similar to CRF treatment. At tasselling stage (TS) and filling stage (FS), the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were significantly increased upon FCRF1, FCRF2 and FCRF3 treatments. In addition, FCRF1, FCRF2 and FCRF3 treatments produced 24.0-35.8% more grain yield, 57.2%-74.4% more total yield, increased 11.20%-49.55% starch, 61.38%-113% protein and 2.67%-9.33% Vitamine C content than CCF，respectively. This product with excellent slow release capacity, being easy to get at a low price and environment-friendly, could be especially useful in agricultural application.
Determination of Relationship Between Some Udder and Body Traits of Holstein Cows by Canonical Correlation Analysis

Bu calismanin amaci, bazi meme ozellikleri ile vucut ozellikleri arasindaki iliskinin ele alnimasidir. Bu amacla, Aydin ilinin Bozdogan ilcesinde bulunan bir sut sigirciligi isletmesinde yetistirilen 50 bas Holstayn inekte cidago yuksekligi (CY), incik cevresi (IC), vucut uzunlugu (VU), gogus cevresi (GC), sagri yuksekligi (SY), sagri genisligi (SG), arka meme yuksekligi (AMY), sag on meme basi cevresi (SOMBC), sag arka meme basi cevresi (SAMBC), sol on meme basi cevresi (SLOMBC), sol arka meme basi cevresi (SLAMBC), on meme basi uzunlugu (OMBU) ve arka meme basi uzunlugu (AMBU) arasindaki kanonik korelasyonlar tahmin edilmistir. 7 meme ozelligi Y degisken seti olarak alinirken, 6 vucut ozelligi de X degisken seti olarak alinmistir. Sonucta, birinci kanonik degisken cifti arasindaki korelasyon 0.62 olarak bulunmustur (P˃ 0.05). Vucut olculerinden CY ile VU, meme SLAMBC ile SAMBC’ye ait kanonik degiskenlerin yaptigi katki digerlerine gore daha yuksek bulunmustur. Elde edilen sonuclara gore, iki degisken setinin (U1 ve V1) birbiri uzerindeki degisimi aciklama derecesi (gereksizlik indeksi) sirasiyla % 6.2 ile % 2.1 bulunmustur
Influence of experience on homing ability of foragers of Melipona mandacaia Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini)

The distance a bee can fly to collect food is quite relevant, among other aspects, for successful pollination. However, studies on this aspect concerning stingless bees usually do not take into consideration their homing ability. The objectives of this study were to verify the maximum distance that foragers of Melipona mandacaia Smith can fly, and whether experience is relevant for their homing ability in a Caatinga region of Northeast Brazil. Five colonies were used to collect foragers. These were marked and released starting from 100 m from their nests and at every 100 m up to a maximum distance on which there would be no bee returning to the nest. To evaluate the influence of experience, after being marked, another group of bees was put back into colonies, collected again after eight days and released in five distances only (500, 1,000, 1,500, 2,000 and 2,500 m). In both experiments, as the distance increased, the returning success of the bees decreased significantly. In fact, there was a significant negative correlation between their returning success and the distances they were released. The maximum distance a translocate bee returned to its hive was 2,700 m. The percentage of success was very high for bees released at 500 and 1,000 m (100% and 77%, respectively), suggesting this is the common flight range for the species. In most cases, average percentage of success was significantly higher for experienced bees than for other bees reinforcing the idea that experience is quite relevant for homing ability.
The influence of Paralympic School Day on children's attitudes towards people with disabilities [Vliv paralympijského školního vzdělávacího programu na postoje k osobám se zdravotním postižením]

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the influence of Paralympic School Day on the attitudes of school children toward people with a disability; to analyze the basics and theories of Paralympic Education in school settings. Methods: The participants were 36 children with a mean age of 11.78 (17 boys and 19 girls) from the elementary school Hrdlicky in Ostrava, the Czech Republic. All participants completed the questionnaire "Children's Attitude Toward Integrated Physical Education-Revised" (CAIPE-R) (Block, 1995) and the Adjective checklist before and after the implementation of the program. Results: The scores of the participants' general attitudes toward including people with disability in PE increased from 16.50 to 17.25, the mean scores of the adjective checklist increased from 19.81 to 19.92, but the scores of their attitudes toward changing sports rules for people with a disability decreased from 17.89 to 16.86, however, these changes were not statistically significant. Girls' attitudes toward people with a disability tended to be better both before and after the intervention. Conclusion: Generally, Paralympic School Day can change participants' attitude toward people with disability, but when the specific activities are arranged, we have to take the participants' features under consideration. In order to have a consistent influence, a long term duration of the intervention should be arranged.
Impact of a physician‐led pre‐hospital critical care team on outcomes after major trauma

The deployment of physician‐led pre‐hospital enhanced care teams capable of critical care interventions at the scene of injury may confer a survival benefit to victims of major trauma. However, the evidence base for this widely adopted model is disputed. Failure to identify a clear survival benefit has been attributed to several factors, including an inherently more severely injured patient group who are attended by these teams. We undertook a novel retrospective analysis of the impact of a regional enhanced care team on observed vs. predicted patient survival based on outcomes recorded by the UK Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN). The null hypothesis of this study was that attendance of an enhanced care team would make no difference to the number of ‘unexpected survivors’. Patients attended by an enhanced care team were more seriously injured. Analysis of Trauma Audit and Research Network patient outcomes did not demonstrate an improved adjusted survival rate for trauma patients who were treated by a physician‐led enhanced care team, but confirmed differences in patient characteristics and severity of injury for those who were attended by the team. We conclude that a further prospective multicentre analysis is warranted. An essential prerequisite for this would be to address the current blind spot in the Trauma Audit and Research Network database – patients who die from trauma before ever reaching hospital. We speculate that early on‐scene critical care may convert this cohort of invisible trauma deaths into patients who might survive to reach hospital. Routine collection of data from these patients is warranted to include them in future studies.
Liquefaction potential of reinforced silty sands

In this study a series of cyclic triaxial tests were performed to examine the undrained dynamic resistance of silty sand reinforced with various arrangements of geotextile layers. The silt content of samples varies in percentage from 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%. A total of 32 laboratory cyclic triaxial tests have been performed on silty sand samples reinforced with geotextile layers in different depths. All tests were performed with 100 kPa confining pressure, subjected to an isotropic consolidated undrained (CIU) condition. The tests were conducted at a frequency of 2 Hz. Results indicate that both the geotextile arrangement and the silt content were most essential in the liquefaction potential of reinforced sands. An increase in the number of geotextile layers enhanced the cyclic resistance of reinforced samples against the liquefaction potential. It was also found that when the geotextile layer was posited near the top of the specimen (load application part) the liquefaction resistance would increase (e.g. for clean sands, the improvement of liquefaction resistance caused by the geotextile layer had a 0.2 depth, and the sample height was 5.5 times greater than the geotextile layer inserted in mid height of sample H). Based on the obtained results, effects of geotextile on liquefaction resistance decreased as fines content increased to about 33%. Further increase in the fines content however, would lead to higher in reinforcement advantages. The liquefaction improvement is more effective with a higher number of geotextile layers. The results also revealed that the reinforcement effect in FC≈33 % is at its lowest amount.
Pollen spectrum of the honey of uruçu bee (Melipona scutellaris Latreille, 1811) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in the North Coast of Bahia State

Regional-level studies of floral resources used by social bees for honey production can contribute to the improvement of management strategies for bee pastures and colonies, by identifying the most visited flowers and thus characterizing the various geographical origins of honey. The objective of this study was to investigate, through pollen analysis, the types of pollen and nectar sources used by the urucu bee (Melipona scutellaris L.) in the North Coast of Bahia. Honey samples were taken monthly from five colonies in an apiary from August 2010 to July 2011. Pollen analysis of honey was performed by using the acetolysis method, followed by qualitative and quantitative analysis of pollen grains. Fifty pollen types belonging to 40 genera and 17 families were identified. The results indicate predominance of pollen types belonging to the families Fabaceae and Myrtaceae, which suggests that the bees preferred foraging from trees and shrubs. These plants should be included in regional reforestation projects in order to improve management of this bee species and honey production.
Families of Children with and without Special Needs: A Comparison of Family Processes.

The Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments of 1986 increased the numbers of families eligible for special needs assistance, yet information concerning these families is minimal. This study explored the needs of families of preschool children with disabilities by comparing their family processes, parenting style, and children's social and cognitive outcomes with those of families without special needs children. Subjects were 49 mothers and 31 fathers with a child (24-56-months of age) enrolled at an inclusive university-based preschool. Fifteen parents had a child with an identified special need. Scores on the Self-Report Family Inventory indicated that, compared to families without special needs, families of children with special needs experienced lower levels of family satisfaction and closeness and higher levels of authoritarian parenting; the children were seen as less academically and socially competent than their typically-developing peers. Contains 12 references. (JPB) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as eceived from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. Families of Children with and without Special Needs: A Comparison of Family Processes Mellisa A. Clawson and Kathleen Bigsby Syracuse University PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Council on Family Relations, Washington D.C., November, 1997. Correspondence may be sent to the first author at the Department of Child and Family Studies, 202 Slocum Hall, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-1250 or e-mail: maclawso@mailbox.syr. edu.
Productivity Spillovers from Foreign Multinationals and Trade Protection: Firm‐Level Analysis of Vietnamese Manufacturing

type="main"> This paper examines how the presence of foreign multinational enterprises (MNEs) affects productivity in domestic private firms in Vietnamese manufacturing in 2005–10. The paper also examines how import protection has affected these productivity spillovers and how spillovers from wholly foreign MNEs and joint ventures differ. The most consistent result suggests wholly foreign MNEs impart negative spillovers while joint ventures tend to generate positive spillovers. Theory and random effects estimates also indicate that import protection reduces local firm productivity and weakens the effect of spillovers from all MNEs; but this result is not obtained when a fixed effects estimator is used. Results are similar in samples of labour-intensive industries, which include close to three fourths of all sample firms, but differ markedly for more capital-intensive groups.