Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Girls and computer science: experiences, perceptions, and career aspirations

Abstract The purpose of this mixed methods study was to examine ways to promote computer science (CS) among girls by exploring young women’s experiences and perceptions of CS as well as investigating factors affecting their career aspirations. American girls aged 10–16 participated in focus group interviews as well as pre-, post-, and follow-up surveys while attending a CS camp. The analysis of data revealed that although the participants were generally positive about the CS field, they had very limited knowledge of and experience with CS, leading to little aspiration to become computer scientists. The findings also indicated that girls’ affinity for and confidence in CS were critical factors affecting their motivation for pursuing a CS-related career. The study demonstrated that participation in the CS camp motivated a small number of participants to be interested in majoring in CS, but the activity time was too short to make a significant impact. Based on the findings, we suggest that providing CS programming experiences in K-12 classrooms is important in order to boost girls’ confidence and interest in CS.
Effect of a Matter of Balance programme on avoidance behaviour due to fear of falling in older adults

Fear of falling (FOF) is associated with restricted activities, increased risk of falling, and decreased quality of life. A Matter of Balance (AMOB) is an evidence‐based programme designed to decrease FOF. The current study investigated the influence of the AMOB on activity avoidance caused by FOF in older adults using the Fear of Falling Avoidance Behavior Questionnaire (FFABQ), health‐related quality of life, and a question regarding concerns about falling.
Risks and benefits of medications for panic disorder: a comparison of SSRIs and benzodiazepines

ABSTRACT Introduction: Panic disorder (PD) is a prevalent and disabling anxiety disorder that can be treated effectively. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and benzodiazepines are among the most frequently prescribed drugs for PD. In this article, the authors review the current evidence on efficacy, adverse events, and limitations of these two treatment options. Areas covered: MEDLINE/Pubmed and Web of Science databases were searched for open or placebo-controlled trials on SSRIs and/or benzodiazepines in PD treatment. Expert opinion: The literature search yielded 4,957 articles related to the theme. Of these, 24 articles were included in this review. Despite their usefulness in PD, SSRIs are associated with a delay of several weeks in onset of therapeutic effect and have the potential to exacerbate anxiety and panic early in the treatment course. Benzodiazepines present rapid onset of action, but can cause tolerance and dependence. Despite strong evidence of the effectiveness of SSRIs and benzodiazepines in the treatment of PD, few trials have performed head-to-head comparisons of these two drug classes. Future studies on the pharmacological treatment of PD should make direct comparisons of risks, benefits, and limitations of each group. This could help improve the evidence-based pharmacotherapy of PD.
Validation of the Physical Education Teacher’s Efficacy for Standards-Based Instruction (ESBI) Scale

The main purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Efficacy for Standards-Based Instruction (ESBI) scale, developed by the current investigators, and to compare the ESBI with two other self-efficacy scales that had been used in physical education (TESPE, Chase, Lirgg, & Carson, 2001;TSES, Tschannen-Moran & Hoy, 2001). The ESBI, TESPE, and TSES were administered to 60 physical education teachers from 16 school districts in Iowa. Cronbach’s alpha (internal consistency) for the ESBI was . 96, and the Equal-Length Spearman Brown split-half coefficient inferred good reliability (r = .90). The ESBI demonstrated better validity and reliability than the previously developed TESPE (Cronbach’s alpha = .89; Spearman Brown split-half coefficient = .86) and TSES (Cronbach’s alpha = .84; Spearman Brown split-half coefficient = .79). As a test of concurrent validity for ESBI, Pearson’s product moment correlations were performed to test the extent to which the total efficacy scores and subscales were related. The ESBI, TESPE, and TSES all had significant positive correlations with each other (p < .01). Validation of the three self- efficacy scales was also performed using the ranked Physical Education Curriculum Analysis Tool (PECAT) score for each district as an independent measure. The ESBI scale produced a low but significant correlation (r = .28, p < .05) with PECAT, but TSES and TESPE were not significant. This suggested that ESBI was more related to standards and benchmarks than the other two measures. These results indicate that the ESBI has shown good (versus TESPE) or better (versus TESES) validity and reliability compared with previous work. This work also supports Bandura’s (1986) notion of specificity for self-efficacy.
Protein Activity of the Fusarium fujikuroi Rhodopsins CarO and OpsA and Their Relation to Fungus–Plant Interaction

Fungi possess diverse photosensory proteins that allow them to perceive different light wavelengths and to adapt to changing light conditions in their environment. The biological and physiological roles of the green light-sensing rhodopsins in fungi are not yet resolved. The rice plant pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi exhibits two different rhodopsins, CarO and OpsA. CarO was previously characterized as a light-driven proton pump. We further analyzed the pumping behavior of CarO by patch-clamp experiments. Our data show that CarO pumping activity is strongly augmented in the presence of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid and in sodium acetate, in a dose-dependent manner under slightly acidic conditions. By contrast, under these and other tested conditions, the Neurospora rhodopsin (NR)-like rhodopsin OpsA did not exhibit any pump activity. Basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) searches in the genomes of ascomycetes revealed the occurrence of rhodopsin-encoding genes mainly in phyto-associated or phytopathogenic fungi, suggesting a possible correlation of the presence of rhodopsins with fungal ecology. In accordance, rice plants infected with a CarO-deficient F. fujikuroi strain showed more severe bakanae symptoms than the reference strain, indicating a potential role of the CarO rhodopsin in the regulation of plant infection by this fungus.
Discharge Criteria for Patient With Lassa Fever Infection.

vaccines against all relevant serotypes. In contrast, this is not fully applicable for Streptococcus pneumoniae: current conjugate vaccines are only composed of 13 serotypes (PCV13); some non-PCV13 serotypes are now emerging and are responsible for the majority of invasive infections in the general population [6]. Even though conjugate vaccines and antibiotic prophylaxis are recommended as first-line treatments, expert opinion [1] and the results of our series [3] suggest that Ig replacement therapy is a good option in patients with recurrent, severe respiratory tract infections.
Decrease in an anti-ageing factor, growth differentiation factor 11, in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Rationale Cellular senescence is observed in the lungs of patients with COPD and may contribute to the disease pathogenesis. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) belongs to the transforming growth factor β superfamily and was recently reported to be a circulating protein that may have rejuvenating effects in mice. We aimed to investigate the amounts of GDF11 in the plasma and the lungs of patients with COPD and elucidate the possible roles of GDF11 in cellular senescence. Methods The plasma levels of GDF11 were investigated in two separate cohorts by western blotting. The localisation and expression of GDF11 in the lungs were investigated by immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcription PCR, respectively. The effects of GDF11 on both cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced cellular senescence in vitro and on elastase-induced cellular senescence in vivo were investigated. Results The levels of plasma GDF11 in the COPD group were decreased compared with the control groups in the two independent cohorts. The levels of plasma GDF11 were significantly positively correlated with pulmonary function data. The mRNA expression of GDF11 in mesenchymal cells from the COPD group was decreased. Chronic exposure to CSE decreased the production of GDF11. Treatment with GDF11 significantly inhibited CSE-induced cellular senescence and upregulation of inflammatory mediators, partly through Smad2/3 signalling in vitro. Daily GDF11 treatment attenuated cellular senescence and airspace enlargement in an elastase-induced mouse model of emphysema. Conclusions The decrease in GDF11 may be involved in the cellular senescence observed in COPD.
Multiport Pixel Rectenna for Ambient RF Energy Harvesting

We describe the design of a multiport pixel rectenna for ambient radio-frequency (RF) energy harvesting consisting of an optimized triple-port pixel antenna and a triple-port rectifier with dc combining. The advantages of the multiport pixel approach include enhanced harvested RF power for a given area as well as a reduction in the antenna matching requirements. We formulate the design of the triple-port pixel antenna as a binary optimization problem with an objective function related to harvested RF power in the GSM-1800 band for specified power angular spectrums without the need for antenna matching components. The optimization of the triple-port pixel antenna is obtained by using successive exhaustive Boolean optimization. The design for the triple-port rectifier with dc combining is also provided and a prototype is demonstrated. The rectenna measurement demonstrates that the proposed triple-port pixel antenna has dc output power over double that of single-port-based antennas of similar size. The overall RF-to-dc efficiency of the multiport pixel rectenna is also evaluated and shown to be 19% when the total input RF power is −20 dBm. The effects of nonuniformity in the input RF power across antenna ports are also investigated.
Infant Diet-Related Changes in Syllable Processing Between 4 and 5 Months: Implications for Developing Native Language Sensitivity

Abstract Since maturational processes triggering increased attunement to native language features in early infancy are sensitive to dietary factors, infant-diet related differences in brain processing of native-language speech stimuli might indicate variations in the onset of this tuning process. We measured cortical responses (ERPs) to syllables in 4 and 5 month old infants fed breast milk, milk formula, or soy formula and found syllable discrimination (P350) and syntactic-related functions (P600) but not syllable perception (P170) varied by diet, but not gender or background measures. The results suggest breastfed and formula-fed infants differ in onset of this critical period in speech perception.
Annotation: Developing a national programme for VTE prevention

The National Venous Thromboembolism Prevention Programme was launched in England, in 2010. Its central objective was to reduce morbidity and mortality from preventable deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism through introduction of a comprehensive systematic approach. The cornerstone of the programme was the introduction of mandatory documented risk assessment for venous thromboembolism, supported by national thromboprophylaxis guidance. Despite widespread uptake of risk assessment, measuring the impact of the national programme on outcomes has proved challenging. The aim of this paper is to review the implementation and outcomes of the national programme.
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome in West Virginia Substate Regions, 2007‐2013

PURPOSE The opioid epidemic is a public health threat with consequences affecting newborns. Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) is a constellation of withdrawal symptoms resulting primarily from in utero opioid exposure. The purpose of this study was to examine NAS and drug-specific trends in West Virginia (WV), where rurality-related issues are largely present. METHODS The 2007-2013 WV Health Care Authority, Uniform Billing Data were analyzed for 119,605 newborn admissions with 1,974 NAS diagnoses. NAS (ICD9-CM 779.5) and exposure diagnostic codes for opioids, hallucinogens, and cocaine were utilized as incidence rate (IR) per 1,000 live births. FINDINGS Between 2007 and 2013, NAS IR significantly increased from 7.74 to 31.56 per 1,000 live births per year (Z: -19.10, P < .0001). During this time period, opioid exposure increased (Z: -9.56, P < .0001), while cocaine exposure decreased (Z: 3.62, P = .0003). In 2013, the southeastern region of the state had the highest NAS IR of 48.76 per 1,000 live births. NAS infants were more likely to experience other clinical conditions, longer hospital stay, and be insured by Medicaid. CONCLUSIONS Statewide NAS IR increased 4-fold over the study period, with rates over 3 times the national annual averages. This alarming trend is deleterious for the health of WV mother-child dyads and it strains the state's health care system. Therefore, WV has a unique need for prenatal public health drug treatment and prevention resources, specifically targeting the southeastern region. Further examination of maternal drug-specific trends and general underutilization of neonatal exposure ICD-9-CM codes is indicated.
Phase II Trial of Vinorelbine, Cisplatin and Continuous Infusion of 5-Fluorouracil Followed by Hyperfractionated Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer

Objective: We undertook a prospective phase II study to assess the feasibility and activity of a new induction chemotherapy regimen followed by hyperfractionated irradiation in locally advanced squamous cell head and neck cancer. Methods: 25 patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer were treated with 4 cycles of vinorelbine (20 mg i.v. day 1, 3), cisplatin (60 mg/m2 i.v. day 1) and 5-fluorouracil (200 mg/m2 continuous i.v. infusion day 1–21) (ViFuP regimen) followed by bifractionated radiotherapy (bidRT) up to 74.4 Gy in 62 fractions of 1.2 Gy twice daily. Results: Chemotherapy was well tolerated, 6 patients developed grade 3 and one patient grade 4 neutropenia. Response to chemotherapy was observed in 19 patients (76%) including three complete responses and 16 partial responses. Planned bidRT was completed in 25 patients and all but one received planned bidRT dose without interruptions. Radiotherapy was well tolerated, mucositis was the most common side effect (grade 3–12 patients, grade 4–1 patient). At evaluation after the completion of bidRT, 13 patients had complete response (52%), 7 partial response (28%), 2 stable disease and 3 tumor progression. At the median follow-up of 18.2 months, 11 patients were alive and free of disease, and 14 patients had died (12 of tumor). Late xerostomy was observed in all but one 3-month survivors. Late mandibular necrosis was seen in 1 patient. Conclusions: bidRT preceded by ViFuP seems a feasible and active combination in locally advanced head and neck cancer. Good patient compliance did not compromise the delivery of planned dose of bidRT. However, short median duration of response (14.6 months) and moderate median overall survival (18.7 months) indicate the need for more intensive therapeutic strategies. On the basis of these results, modifications of our treatment schedule (shortening the overall treatment time by reduction of chemotherapy cycles and the use of chemotherapy concomitantly with irradiation) are planned for the future study.
Applying selective mutation strategies to the AsmetaL language

Abstract state machines (ASMs) have been introduced as a computation model that is more powerful and more universal than standard computation models. The early validation of ASM models would help reduce the cost and risk of having defects propagate, through refinement, to other models, and eventually to code; thus, adversely affecting the quality of the end product. Mutation testing is a well-established fault-based technique for assessing and improving the quality of test suites. However, little research has been devoted to mutation analysis in the context of ASMs. Mutation testing is known to be computationally expensive due to the large number of generated mutants that are executed against a test set. In this study, the authors empirically investigate the application of cost reduction strategies to AsmetaL, an ASM-based formal language. Furthermore, they evaluate experimentally the effectiveness and the savings resulting from applying two techniques: namely, random mutants selection and operator-based selective mutation, in the context of the AsmetaL language. The quantitative results show that both techniques achieved good savings without major impact on effectiveness.
A Uniform Histological Cluster Scheme for ICD-O-Coded Primary Central Nervous System Tumors

Comparability of population-based measures of risk and prognosis for primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors, which exhibit marked histological diversity, may be hampered by differences in detection and case ascertainment and by the lack of unequivocal and uniform histological criteria for pathological diagnoses. Furthermore, many cancer registries do not include benign tumors as defined by the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O), such as meningiomas, schwannomas and pituitary adenomas. We propose both a detailed and a rough uniform histological cluster scheme for data coded according to the first or second edition of the ICD-O, published in 1976 and 1990, respectively. Primary CNS tumors, typed and graded according to (modified) classification systems of Bailey and Cushing, Kernohan, Ringertz, the WHO and Daumas-Duport, are clustered as clinically relevant entities on the basis of the second edition of the WHO classification system, published in 1993. The proposed scheme identifies some of the (potential) pitfalls in the descriptive epidemiology of CNS tumors and may facilitate temporal and geographical comparability of population-based data.
Conditional Adversarial Domain Adaptation

Adversarial learning has been embedded into deep networks to learn disentangled and transferable representations for domain adaptation. Existing adversarial domain adaptation methods may struggle to align different domains of multimodal distributions that are native in classification problems. In this paper, we present conditional adversarial domain adaptation, a principled framework that conditions the adversarial adaptation models on discriminative information conveyed in the classifier predictions. Conditional domain adversarial networks (CDANs) are designed with two novel conditioning strategies: multilinear conditioning that captures the cross-covariance between feature representations and classifier predictions to improve the discriminability, and entropy conditioning that controls the uncertainty of classifier predictions to guarantee the transferability. Experiments testify that the proposed approach exceeds the state-of-the-art results on five benchmark datasets.
Nutritional variables predict chances of returning home and activities of daily living in post-acute geriatric care

Background Little is known about the association between malnutrition and the chances of returning home from post-acute facilities in older adult patients. This study aimed to understand whether malnutrition and malnutrition-related factors would be determinants for returning home and activities of daily living (ADL) at discharge after post-acute care. Methods Patients aged ≥65 years living at home before the onset of an acute disease and admitted to a post-acute ward were enrolled (n=207) in this prospective observational study. Malnutrition was defined based on the criteria of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Nutritional parameters included the nutritional intake at the time of admission and oral conditions evaluated by the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT). The Barthel Index was used to assess daily activities. A Cox regression analysis of the length of stay was performed. Multivariable linear regression analyses to determine associations between malnutrition, returning home, and ADL at discharge were performed, after adjusting the variables of acute care setting. Results The mean patient age was 84.7±6.7 years; 38% were men. European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism-defined malnutrition was observed in 129 (62.3%) patients, and 118 (57.0%) of all patients returned home. Multivariable regression analyses showed that malnutrition was a negative predictor of returning home (hazard ratio: 0.517 [0.351–0.761], p=0.001), and an increase in the nutritional intake (kcal/kg/d) was a positive predictor of the Barthel Index at discharge (coefficient: 0.34±0.15, p=0.021). The OHAT was not associated with returning home and ADL. Conclusion Malnutrition and nutritional intake are associated with returning home and ADL at discharge, respectively, after post-acute care. Further studies investigating the effects of a nutritional intervention for post-acute patients would be necessary.
Improving the performance of queueing method for internet network in cibuntu tourist village

The need to have a good internet connection becomes very important, the quality of the connection depends on the signal strength, which is sometime intermittent in the rural area or a village. Cibuntu village, in Indonesia, is a village that has weak (unstable) signal reception power, makes almost all village areas sometime experience blank spot signal and the quality of internet network was not acceptable for the user. This study proposes the used of queue method in the internet topology to increase a good quality service (QoS) in the village. The queue method used is First In First Out (FIFO), Random Early Drop (RED) and Per Connection Queue (PCQ). The experimental was conducted by several users were downloading data simultaneously in a low quality connection, which is about 128kbps. These experiments produced interesting results, where as RED has a better performance compare to PCQ and FIFO when multiple users in the village downloading their data simutaneously in the queue.
Cancer and Social Media: A Comparison of Traffic about Breast Cancer, Prostate Cancer, and Other Reproductive Cancers on Twitter and Instagram

Social media are often heralded as offering cancer campaigns new opportunities to reach the public. However, these campaigns may not be equally successful, depending on the nature of the campaign itself, the type of cancer being addressed, and the social media platform being examined. This study is the first to compare social media activity on Twitter and Instagram across three time periods: #WorldCancerDay in February, the annual month-long campaigns of National Breast Cancer Awareness Month (NBCAM) in October and Movember in November, and during the full year outside of these campaigns. Our results suggest that women’s reproductive cancers – especially breast cancer – tend to outperform men’s reproductive cancer – especially prostate cancer – across campaigns and social media platforms. Twitter overall generates substantially more activity than Instagram for both cancer campaigns, suggesting Instagram may be an untapped resource. However, the messaging for both campaigns tends to focus on awareness and support rather than on concrete actions and behaviors. We suggest health communication efforts need to focus on effective messaging and building engaged communities for cancer communication across social media platforms.
Inducing tolerability of adverse events increases sorafenib exposure and optimizes patient's outcome in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Various grades of adverse events are associated with sorafenib and have recently been considered as a surrogate of response in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this prospective study was to measure the efficacy of a sorafenib dose reduction regimen, adjusted on patient's tolerability, and aimed at increasing the exposure to the drug.