Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stability and antimicrobial activity of eucalyptus essential oil emulsions

We evaluated various formulations of oil-in-water emulsions prepared from eucalyptus essential oil, for their stability and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These formulations were developed using a response surface experimental design and analyzed with Design-Expert® 10 software. The emulsions were prepared in a colloid mill, and emulsion characterization was performed using the zeta (ζ)-potential, droplet size distribution, and phase separation. The antimicrobial effects were assessed by death kinetics. The droplet size and ζ-potential of the 16 emulsions ranged from 1.071 to 1.865 µm (based on Feret’s diameter) and −34.8 to −24 mV, respectively. Three formulations (14, 15, and 16) demonstrated the highest stability parameters (no phase separation) during the 28 days of evaluation. Eucalyptus essential oil emulsions exhibited antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa in less than 1 min.
A Case of Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis Due to Retained 54-Year-Old Ureterodural Anastomosis

Ventriculoperitoneal shunts are the current treatment of choice for congenital hydrocephalus. It is rare for physicians to see patients with alternative types of shunting devices. Lumboureteral shunts, once popular from the 1940s to 1960s, decompress via the genitourinary system. Immediate complications were dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, infection, and the sacrifice of a functional kidney. Long-term complications include retrograde meningitis due to urinary tract infections. Three shunt types have been documented: polyethylene, silicone rubber, and ureterodural anastomosis. Routine imaging cannot detect a ureterodural anastomosis, and if suspected, computed tomography myelogram is needed for confirmation. This article presents the case of a man with long-standing ureterodural anastomosis that required ligation after recurrent episodes of acute meningitis secondary to urinary retention.
High CEP55 expression is associated with poor prognosis in non-small-cell lung cancer

Objectives Lung cancer is the most common and lethal malignancy worldwide. CEP55 was found to be overexpressed in multiple types of cancer. However, the expression pattern of CEP55 and its clinical significance in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) have not been investigated by immunohistochemistry. Materials and methods In this study, we analyzed 203 primary NSCLC specimens from Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center to investigate the clinical role of CEP55 in lung cancer. Tissue microarray was successfully generated for immunohistochemical evaluation. The correlation between CEP55 expression and clinical characteristics and survival was analyzed statistically. The predictive effect of CEP55 and APOBEC3B (AP3B) coexpression in lung cancer patients’ prognosis was evaluated. Results We found that the CEP55 expression was commonly elevated in NSCLC tissues and overexpression of CEP55 was correlated with unfavorable prognosis in the patients with NSCLC. Furthermore, the combination of CEP55 and AP3B expression was significantly predictive of clinical outcome in all NSCLC patients. Conclusion CEP55 may act as a useful and novel prognostic biomarker for NSCLC. Further studies into the mechanism of CEP55 are warranted.
Comparison of Collaborative Care and Colocation Treatment for Patients With Clinically Significant Depression Symptoms in Primary Care.

OBJECTIVE The study compared clinical outcomes of depression treatment in primary care with a colocation model versus a collaborative care model (CoCM). METHODS Patients (N=240) with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores of ≥10 treated for clinically significant depression symptoms in primary care sites implementing the CoCM or a colocation model were compared. PHQ-9 scores were collected at baseline and 12 weeks. RESULTS From baseline to follow-up, reductions in PHQ-9 scores were 33% for the CoCM sites and 14% for the colocation sites, with an unadjusted mean difference in scores of 2.81 (p=.001). CONCLUSIONS More patients treated in sites that used the CoCM experienced a significantly greater reduction in depression symptoms, compared with patients in sites with the colocation model. As greater adoption of integration models in primary care occurs, it will be important to consider potential implications of these results for promoting adoption of CoCM elements. Further replication of these findings is warranted.
Sex‐specific genetic differences in endurance swimming of Trinidadian guppies

Abstract Swim performance is considered a main fitness‐determining trait in many aquatic organisms. Swimming is generally the only way most aquatic prey can escape predation, and swimming capacity is directly linked to food capture, habitat shifts, and reproduction. Therefore, evolutionary studies of swim performance are important to understand adaptation to aquatic environments. Most studies, however, concentrate on the importance of burst‐swim responses to predators, and little is known about its effect on endurance. Even fewer studies associate differences in organism swim capabilities to key gender‐specific responses. In this experiment, we assess the gender‐specific genetic basis of swimming endurance among four different populations of Trinidadian guppies adapted to different predation regimes. Our results show that second‐generation common‐garden females adapted to a low‐predation environment show longer swim endurance than fish adapted to a high‐predation environment. We also find an expected effect of lowered swimming endurance during pregnancy, but interestingly, it did not matter whether the females were in advanced stages of pregnancy, which severely changes body morphology, versus mid‐pregnancy. Males did not show the same trends across populations, and overall had lower swim endurances than female fish combined even when accounting for size differences. Populations recently transplanted from high‐ to low‐predation environments showed similar endurance to natural low‐predation environments in one population but not the other. This study highlights the importance of endurance in the adaptation of aquatic organisms to different predation regimes.
Ocular findings and blood flow in patients with Takayasu arteritis: a cross-sectional study

Background/aims Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a chronic granulomatous vasculitis that can lead to ischaemic ocular complications. We aimed to document ocular complications, ocular blood flow and the association of them with systemic clinical findings in TAK. Material and methods We included 65 patients with TAK (60 female, 5 male, mean age: 41.8±12.9 years) and 30 healthy subjects (30 female, mean age: 39.0±7.5 years) in this study. All of the patients had a detailed rheumatological and ophthalmological evaluation. Ocular blood flow in ophthalmic artery (OA) and central retinal artery (CRA) was evaluated with colour Doppler ultrasonography. Results Hypertensive retinopathy was observed in 33.9%, and Takayasu retinopathy was observed in 6.2% of patients. Posterior subcapsular cataracts or a history of cataract surgery was seen in 15.4% of the cases. None of the patients experienced visual loss due to ischaemic or neovascular complications. Patients with TAK had increased resistivity index (RI) in ophthalmic artery (0.75 vs 0.66, p=0.002) and CRA (0.75 vs 0.67, p=0.001). Patients with hypertensive retinopathy had significantly longer disease duration (p=0.016). Ophthalmic artery RI was significantly higher in patients with ipsilateral radial artery pulselessness compared with patients without (0.77 vs 0.68, p=0.031). Conclusion This study reported the lowest prevalence of Takayasu retinopathy and is the only series without permanent visual loss. We documented for the first time that radial artery pulselessness can predict reduction of ipsilateral ocular perfusion. We believe that better management of TAK with current medications reduced ocular complication rates.
Pretreatment hematological markers predict clinical outcome in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: A meta‐analysis

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the clinical treatment of multiple cancers. Recent studies revealed the potential prognostic value of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients receiving ICIs; however, the results were inconsistent. We conducted a meta‐analysis to identify the prognostic significance of baseline NLR and PLR in cancer patients treated with ICIs.
Outcomes following open reduction for late-presenting developmental dysplasia of the hip

Purpose Patients with late-presenting developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) are more likely to require an open reduction. Since many developing countries do not have mandated screening, there continues to be a relatively high incidence of late-presenting DDH. We report the clinical and radiographic outcomes of open reduction in a series of patients who presented late. Patients and methods This was a retrospective review of 712 hips in 645 patients that underwent open reduction, alone or in combination with a pelvic osteotomy. In all, 91 hips had open reduction alone and 621 had open reduction and pelvic osteotomy. Femoral shortening was performed in 221 hips. The mean age at the time of surgery was 2.1 years (1 to 6.5) and the mean follow-up time was 9.3 years (6 to 14). We used the Children's Hospital Oakland Hip Evaluation Score (CHOHES) to determine functional outcomes and the Severin classification was used to evaluate radiographic outcomes. The rate of avascular necrosis (AVN) and the need for a reoperation were also recorded and analyzed. Results In all 80% (570 hips) had good radiographic outcomes (Severin type I or II) and 87% had a CHOHES score of > 90 at final follow up. There was a 14% rate of AVN and only a 2% rate of redislocation. Better radiographic outcomes and lower reoperation rates were seen with patients who underwent both an open reduction and pelvic osteotomy. A trend was observed towards worse outcomes in older patients. Conclusions There was a high rate of good clinical and radiographic outcomes at a minimum six-year follow-up in patients with late-presenting DDH who underwent open reduction. Those who underwent open reduction in combination with a pelvic osteotomy had a higher rate of good radiographic outcomes and a lower rate of complications, particularly reoperation.
Vulnerable and Grandiose Narcissism Are Differentially Associated With Ability and Trait Emotional Intelligence

We examined the association between two types of narcissism, grandiose and vulnerable, and self-reported as well as ability emotional intelligence (EI). Grandiose narcissism is characterized by high self–esteem, interpersonal dominance and a tendency to overestimate one’s capabilities, whereas vulnerable narcissism presents defensive, avoidant and hypersensitive attitude in interpersonal relations. In the current study (n = 249) we found that vulnerable narcissism was significantly and negatively associated with trait (self-reported) EI; however, it did not correlate with ability (performance) EI. Grandiose narcissism was significantly positively connected with trait EI. Moreover, when the two EI scores were analyzed together in a single model, they were associated with grandiose narcissism in opposite directions. Specifically, trait EI showed a positive relation with grandiose narcissism, while ability EI negatively predicted this type of narcissism. The latter results are consistent with previous findings showing that individuals with high level of grandiose narcissism tend to overestimate their abilities. Vulnerable narcissism is probably connected with more realistic self-perception of emotional abilities.
Global analysis of mutations driving microevolution of a heterozygous diploid fungal pathogen

Significance Evolution acts on mutations that naturally arise within the genome and are shaped both by intrinsic genomic features and by the cellular environment. We catalog the mutations arising in a heterozygous diploid yeast during passaging in vitro and in the mammalian host. We establish genome-wide mutation rates and reveal that “microscale” changes (base substitutions and short-track recombination events) are the primary drivers of microevolution, although chromosomal-level changes also occur in specific host environments. Our results define mutation hotspots, including those adjoining recombination tracts, and indicate that many mutations are purged from the population due to purifying selection. Together, these data provide a high-resolution picture of how the heterozygous diploid genome of a fungal pathogen undergoes evolution over short time scales. Candida albicans is a heterozygous diploid yeast that is a commensal of the human gastrointestinal tract and a prevalent opportunistic pathogen. Here, whole-genome sequencing was performed on multiple C. albicans isolates passaged both in vitro and in vivo to characterize the complete spectrum of mutations arising in laboratory culture and in the mammalian host. We establish that, independent of culture niche, microevolution is primarily driven by de novo base substitutions and frequent short-tract loss-of-heterozygosity events. An average base-substitution rate of ∼1.2 × 10−10 per base pair per generation was observed in vitro, with higher rates inferred during host infection. Large-scale chromosomal changes were relatively rare, although chromosome 7 trisomies frequently emerged during passaging in a gastrointestinal model and was associated with increased fitness for this niche. Multiple chromosomal features impacted mutational patterns, with mutation rates elevated in repetitive regions, subtelomeric regions, and in gene families encoding cell surface proteins involved in host adhesion. Strikingly, de novo mutation rates were more than 800-fold higher in regions immediately adjacent to emergent loss-of-heterozygosity tracts, indicative of recombination-induced mutagenesis. Furthermore, genomes showed biased patterns of mutations suggestive of extensive purifying selection during passaging. These results reveal how both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors influence C. albicans microevolution, and provide a quantitative picture of genome dynamics in this heterozygous diploid species.
Visualizing Evolving Requirements Models with TimedURN

Many modern systems are built to be in use for a long time, sometimes spanning several decades. Furthermore, considering the cost of replacing an existing system, existing systems are usually adapted to evolving requirements, some of which may be anticipated. Such systems need to be specified and analyzed in terms of whether the changes introduced into the system still address evolving requirements and continue to satisfy the needs of its stakeholders. Recently, the User Requirements Notation (URN) – a requirements engineering notation standardized by the International Telecommunication Union for the elicitation, specification, and analysis of integrated goal and scenario models – has been extended with support for the modeling and analysis of evolving requirements models by capturing a comprehensive set of changes to a URN model as first-class model concepts in URN. The extension is called TimedURN and this paper builds on TimedURN to analyze and visualize not just an individual time point in the past, present, or future but a time range consisting of a set of time points. Various visualization options are discussed, including their proof-of-concept implementation in the jUCMNav requirements engineering tool.
Buckling Analysis of Vacancy-Defected Graphene Sheets by the Stochastic Finite Element Method

Vacancy defects are unavoidable in graphene sheets, and the random distribution of vacancy defects has a significant influence on the mechanical properties of graphene. This leads to a crucial issue in the research on nanomaterials. Previous methods, including the molecular dynamics theory and the continuous medium mechanics, have limitations in solving this problem. In this study, the Monte Carlo-based finite element method, one of the stochastic finite element methods, is proposed and simulated to analyze the buckling behavior of vacancy-defected graphene. The critical buckling stress of vacancy-defected graphene sheets deviated within a certain range. The histogram and regression graphs of the probability density distribution are also presented. Strengthening effects on the mechanical properties by vacancy defects were detected. For high-order buckling modes, the regularity and geometrical symmetry in the displacement of graphene were damaged because of a large amount of randomly dispersed vacancy defects.
Spectroscopic and cytotoxic studies of losartan complexes.

Use of drug-metal complexes for the treatment of several human diseases has resulted in significant progress in the field of medicinal inorganic chemistry. The current study describes the synthesis and characterization of Cu (II) and Ni (II) complexes of Losartan, an antihypertensive drug. These complexes were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against four human cancer cell lines; SNB-19, HCT-15, COLO-205 and KB-3-1. Spectroscopic characterization revealed that during complex formation, the metal was bound through the nitrogen atoms of the tetrazole moiety of the losartan molecule. The molecular formulas of copper ([Cu (LS) 2 Cl2]. 6H2O) and nickel ([Ni (LS) 2Cl2]. H2O) complexes were found to be in agreement with the analytical data obtained through elemental analysis. For both the complexes, metal to ligand ratios of 1:2 were calculated. As revealed by FTIR, UV-Visible, and 1H-NMR studies, both the complexes displayed octahedral geometries. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed marked changes in the morphology of the complexes, compared to the pure drug. From XRD studies, characteristic crystalline peaks of pure losartan were observed whereas no prominent peaks were observed for its complexes. Complexes were found to be inactive in the cytotoxic activity test performed using SNB-19, HCT-15, COLO-205 and KB-3-1 cell lines.
Serial position-dependent false memory effects*

ABSTRACT Evidence for false recognition within seconds of encoding suggests that semantic-associative influences are not restricted to long-term memory, consistent with unitary memory accounts but contrary to dual store models. The present study sought further relevant evidence using a modified free recall converging associates task where participants studied 12-item lists composed of 3 semantically distinct quartets (sublists) related to a separate, non-presented theme word (i.e., words 1–4/theme1, 5–8/theme2, and 9–12/theme3). This list construction permits assessment of false recall errors from each sublist, and, particularly, the primacy and recency sublists that have been linked to long- and short-term memory stores. Experiment 1 tested immediate free recall for items. Associative false memories were evident from all sublists, however, significantly less so from the recent sublist, which also showed the highest levels of veridical memory. By inserting a brief (3 s) distractor prior to recall, Experiment 2 selectively reduced veridical memory and increased false memory for the recent sublist while leaving the primacy sublist unaffected. These recall results converge with prior evidence indicating the immediacy of false recognition, and can be understood within a unitary framework where the differential availability of verbatim features and gist-based cues affect memory for primacy and recency sublists.
The treatment outcomes in IgG4-related disease.

INTRODUCTION IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an emerging systemic inflammatory disease involving nearly all organs eventually leading to fibrosis. Prompt and adequate treatment to prevent irreversible organ damage is therefore pivotal. To evaluate the treatment outcomes, we studied a well-defined cohort of patients with IgG4-RD. METHOD 32 patients with histologically confirmed IgG4-RD diagnosed between 1999 and April 2017 were included and reviewed for demographic and clinical characteristics. The response to treatment with glucocorticoids, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, rituximab and other therapeutic interventions were evaluated. RESULTS Glucocorticoids as well as rituximab appeared successful therapeutic drugs leading to clinical remission (complete or partial remission) in all patients. Recurrences, however, were frequently seen (62% versus 100%, respectively). Diseases modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), including azathioprine, methotrexate and mycophenolate mofetil were effective in less than half of the cases. A minority of patients was treated with alternative treatments including hydroxychloroquine, thalidomide and infliximab which all appeared effective. Surgical intervention and radiotherapy in local disease seemed to induce clinical remission and were associated with low recurrence rates. CONCLUSION Glucocorticoids and rituximab induce substantial responses as well as primary surgical intervention and radiotherapy, while the efficacy of DMARDs is limited. Based on the few data available, hydroxychloroquine, infliximab and thalidomide may be promising treatment options for second or third line strategies.
Coarse-Fine-Stitched: A Robust Maritime Horizon Line Detection Method for Unmanned Surface Vehicle Applications

The horizon line has numerous applications for an unmanned surface vehicles (USV), such as autonomous navigation, attitude estimation, obstacle detection and target tracking. However, maritime horizon line detection is quite a challenging problem. The pixel points of the horizon line features are far fewer than the pixel points of the entire image, on the one hand. Conversely, the detection results might be impacted negatively by the complex maritime environment, waves, light changing, and partial occlusions due to maritime vessels or islands, for example. To solve these problems, a robust horizon line detection method named coarse-fine-stitched (CFS) is proposed in this paper. First, in the coarse step of CFS, a line segment detection approach using gradient features is applied to build a line candidate pool, which probably contains many false detection results. Then, hybrid feature filtering is designed to pick the horizon line segments from the pool in the fine step. Finally, the fine line segments are stitched to obtain the whole horizon line based on random sample consensus (RANSAC). Using real data in the maritime environment, the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of CFS, compared to the existing methods in terms of accuracy and robustness.
Dismissed!: a detailed exploration of how mobile phone users handle push notifications

We analyzed 794,525 notifications from 278 mobile phone users and how they were handled. Our study advances prior analyses in two ways: first, we systematically split notifications into five categories, including a novel separation of messages into individual- and group messages. Second, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the behaviors involved in attending the notifications. Our participants received a median number of 56 notifications per day, which does not indicate that the number of notifications has increased over the past years. We further show that messaging apps create most of the notifications, and that other types of notifications rarely lead to a conversion (rates between ca. 15 and 25%). A surprisingly large fraction of notifications is received while the phone is unlocked or the corresponding app is in foreground, hinting at possibility to optimize for this scenario. Finally, we show that the main difference in handling notifications is how long users leave them unattended if they will ultimately not consume them.