Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Internet of Things on Monitoring and Control System in Server Area

The high demand for mobile information to achieve the effectiveness of a job is the reason for improving technology at this time. The existence of a mobile monitoring system is needed to replace the monitoring activities that are still done manually. Monitoring server area managed by the company itself is still done manually which is considered less effective and the lack of automatic security in the event of short circuit and fire that can lead to losses from damage to the server device and the cessation of the company's operational activities. This research aims to create a tool that is able to provide information about the temperature and condition of server area in mobile and real time. This research also used data collection method by observation that ended with test method. The monitoring system uses the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) and sending message with SMS gateway. The device input comes from the MQ-02 Sensor, DHT22 Sensor and Wemos D1 with the resulting output of LED, Buzzer, selenoid valve, sim900 module and web display of ubidots. Then the performance of this tool is to detect the temperature and levels of smoke in the server area that is sent to the web ubidots, if the smoke detected fire extinguisher faucet will automatically open with LED and buzzer alarm and give message to the user's mobile phone number. So that with the monitoring tool is able to facilitate the work of officers when performing monitoring activities on server area and provide a sense of security to the company.
Using Cooperative Learning Approach To Enhance Writing Skills Of Pre University Students

Penelitian ini mengkaji efektivitas penggunaan metode STAD (metode pendekatan belajar kooperatif) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis dan konsep diri enam siswa berprestasi rendah (siswa pra-universitas) dibandingkan dengan pendekatan konvensional. Dengan menggunakan metode quasi-experimental, dua kelompok sampel (60 siswa SMA dari dua sekolah) diberikan pre-test berupa menulis tiga esai argumentatif serta wawancara untuk mengidentifikasi konsep diri. Selanjutnya, kelompok eksperimen menerima model pembelajaran STAD selama enam minggu berturut-turut. Kedua kelompok sampel diberikan post-test yang sama dengan pre-test. Tulisan sampel dianalisis dengan menggunakan t-test SPSS versi 11.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode STAD diyakini mampu meningkatkan kemampuan menulis, kecakapan berbahasa, serta penampilan keseluruhan kelompok ekperimen. Penelitian juga menunjukkan adanya peningkatan konsep diri kelompok sampel.
GROWTH, POVERTY AND INEQUALITY IN ETHIOPIA: WHICH WAY FOR PRO-POOR GROWTH?

The paper examines the pattern of poverty, growth and inequality in Ethiopia in the recent decade. The result shows that growth, to a large extent depends on structural factors such as initial conditions, vagaries of nature, external shocks and peace and stability both in Ethiopia and in the region. Using a rich household panel data, the paper also shows that there is a strong correlation between growth and inequality. In such set up, the effect of implementing a pro-poor growth strategy, compared to allowing the status quo to prevail, can be quite dramatic. On the basis of realistic assumptions, the paper shows that from a baseline in 2000 of a 30 per cent poverty share, over 10 years at growth of 4 per cent per capita, poverty would decline from 44 to 26 per cent for distribution neutral growth (DNG) (i.e. no change in the aggregate income distribution). In contrast, were the growth increment distributed equally across percentiles (equally distributed gains of growth, EDG), the poverty would decline by over half, to 15 per cent, a difference of almost eleven percentage points. Thus, 'distribution matters', even, or especially in a poor country like Ethiopia. On the basis of these results the paper outlines policies that could help to design a sustainable pro-poor growth strategy. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interference Cancellation for Time-Frequency Packed Super-Nyquist WDM Systems

We consider time and frequency-packed super-Nyquist wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical longhaul transmission targeting Terabit data rates. With fiber nonlinearities precluding the feasibility of employing very high modulation formats, super-Nyquist transmission can facilitate such high data rates at the price of deliberate introduction of inter-symbol and inter-carrier interference. To counter these effects, we investigate low-complexity linear, and high-performance iterative interference mitigation approaches. Moreover, WDM systems may also undergo additional distortions due to narrow optical filtering by cascades of wavelength-selective switches. In the presence of such aggressive filtering, our numerical simulations show that super-Nyquist systems can manifest substantial optical-signal-to-noise-ratio advantages over Nyquist WDM transmission to achieve the target data rate.
Evaluating Bayesian Deep Learning Methods for Semantic Segmentation

Deep learning has been revolutionary for computer vision and semantic segmentation in particular, with Bayesian Deep Learning (BDL) used to obtain uncertainty maps from deep models when predicting semantic classes. This information is critical when using semantic segmentation for autonomous driving for example. Standard semantic segmentation systems have well-established evaluation metrics. However, with BDL's rising popularity in computer vision we require new metrics to evaluate whether a BDL method produces better uncertainty estimates than another method. In this work we propose three such metrics to evaluate BDL models designed specifically for the task of semantic segmentation. We modify DeepLab-v3+, one of the state-of-the-art deep neural networks, and create its Bayesian counterpart using MC dropout and Concrete dropout as inference techniques. We then compare and test these two inference techniques on the well-known Cityscapes dataset using our suggested metrics. Our results provide new benchmarks for researchers to compare and evaluate their improved uncertainty quantification in pursuit of safer semantic segmentation.
Dwarf spheroidal J-factor likelihoods for generalized NFW profiles

Indirect detection strategies of particle dark matter (DM) in Dwarf spheroidal satellite galaxies (dSphs) typically entail searching for annihilation signals above the astrophysical background. To robustly compare model predictions with the observed fluxes of product particles, most analyses of astrophysical data – which are generally frequentist – rely on estimating the abundance of DM by calculating the so-called J factor. This quantity is usually inferred from the kinematic properties of the stellar population of a dSph using the Jeans equation, commonly by means of Bayesian techniques that entail the presence (and additional systematic uncertainty) of prior choice. Here, extending earlier work, we develop a scheme to derive the profile likelihood for J factors of dwarf spheroidals for models with five or more free parameters. We validate our method on a publicly available simulation suite, released by the Gaia Challenge, finding satisfactory statistical properties for bias and probability coverage. We present the profile likelihood function and maximum likelihood estimates for the J-factor of 10 dSphs. As an illustration, we apply these profile likelihoods to recently published analyses of γ-ray data with the Fermi Large Area Telescope to derive new, consistent upper limits on the DM annihilation cross-section. We do this for a subset of systems, generally referred to as classical dwarfs. The implications of these findings for DM searches are discussed, together with future improvements and extensions of this technique.
Robust Fault Detection H∞ Filter for Markovian Jump Linear Systems

This paper studies the robust fault detection problem associated with Markovian Jump Linear Systems (MJLS) in the discrete-time domain. The approach presented consists in using a MJLS filter as a residual generator designed via Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI) and formulated as an $H_{\infty}$ filter problem. We tackle three situations: designing an $H_{\infty}$ filter that depends on the Markov mode; the so-called mode-independent case; and the design of robust $H_{\infty}$ filters in the sense that the system matrices are uncertain. A numerical example is presented in order to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed solution.
Commitment with the Teaching Profession: Demographical View of Teacher Educators

Competent and committed teachers are demand of today’s revolutionary era to increase the effectiveness of educational institutions. We live in a high tech and high demanding age. There are sudden challenges in all walks of life, including education. This study was conducted to explore the professional commitment of teachers (teacher educators) working in Govt. Colleges for Elementary Teacher Institutions in Punjab. Three hundred and twenty teacher-educators (200 males and 120 females) were selected through proportionate random sampling from the population of 540 teacher educators. To collect data a questionnaire, Professional Commitment Questionnaire for teacher educators (PCQ-TE) was developed. The descriptive and inferential statistics i.e. t-test and ANOVA were applied for data analysis. The results revealed that the commitment towards the teaching profession increases with the increase of experience. Female teachers were more committed as compared to male teachers. Keeping in view the findings of the study, it was recommended that the social and financial status of male teachers’ educators should be enhanced for increasing their commitment level. There should be proper provision of resources and training regarding professional development of rural teachers.
A single picture for solar coronal outflows and radio noise storms

We propose a unified interpretation for persistent coronal outflows and metric radio noise storms, two phenomena typically observed in association with quiescent solar active regions. Our interpretation is based on multi-wavelength observations of two such regions as they crossed the meridian in May and July 2007. For both regions, we observe a persistent pattern of blue-shifted coronal emission in high-temperature lines with Hinode/EIS, and a radio noise storm with the Nancay Radioheliograph. The observations are supplemented by potential and linear force-free extrapolations of the photospheric magnetic field over large computational boxes, and by a detailed analysis of the coronal magnetic field topology. We find true separatrices in the coronal field and null points high in the corona, which are preferential locations for magnetic reconnection and electron acceleration. We suggest that the continuous growth of active regions maintains a steady reconnection across the separatrices at the null point. This interchange reconnection occurs between closed, high-density loops in the core of the active region and neighbouring open, low-density flux tubes. Thus, the reconnection creates strong pressure imbalances which are the main drivers of plasma upflows. Furthermore, the acceleration of low-energy electrons in the interchange reconnection region sustains the radio noise storm in the closed loop areas, as well as weak type III emission along the open field lines. For both active regions studied, we find a remarkable agreement between the observed places of persistent coronal outflows and radio noise storms with their locations as predicted by our interpretation.
Total solar irradiance since 1996: is there a long-term variation unrelated to solar surface magnetic phenomena?

Context. Total solar irradiance (TSI) has been measured with space-based instruments since 1978. The TSI during the recent solar minimum in 2009 has been lower than the two former minima around the years 1986 and 1996, which points to a long-term decrease. Aims. In this study, we address the question of whether the observed decrease in the TSI is the result of evolving solar surface magnetism (sunspots and faculae). Methods. We use a TSI model that is solely based on solar surface magnetic phenomena (sunspots and faculae including network). The information needed for this model is derived from Carrington rotation magnetogram and photogram synoptic charts measured with the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) instrument on-board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). By combining these data with solar atmosphere calculations, TSI is reconstructed. Results. The TSI is reconstructed from June 1996 to May 2010. From the solar minimum of 1996 to the solar maximum of 2004 the model reproduces the observations well, but it fails to explain the observed decrease in TSI in the solar minimum of 2009 and the very recent data of 2010. Conclusions. The difference between modeled and observed TSI might be the result of underrepresented weak magnetic fields in the Carrington rotation synoptic charts, an uncertainty in the TSI measurement, or a decline of the global temperature of the photosphere. If latter were true, this would have important implications for reconstructions of TSI in the past. In order to study if an underrepresentation of weak magnetic fields in the Carrington rotation synoptic charts is the explanation for the difference between our model and the observation, full-disk images with higher spatial and temporal resolution should be analyzed in future.
Multi-proxy reconstructions of precipitation field in China over the past 500 years.

The dominant modes of variability of precipitation for the whole of China over the past millennium and the mechanism governing their spatial structure remain unclear. The first reason is probably that it is difficult to reconstruct the precipitation field in western China because the published high-resolution proxy records for this region are scarce. Numerous tree-ring chronologies have recently been archived in publicly available databases through PAGES2k activities, and these provide an opportunity to refine precipitation field reconstructions for China. Based on 600 proxy records, including 491 tree-ring chronologies, 108 drought/flood indices, and a long-term instrumental precipitation record from South Korea, we revised the precipitation field reconstruction for China for the past half millennium using the optimal information extraction method. A total of 3971 of 4189 grid points in the reconstruction field passed the cross-validation process, accounting for 94.8 % of the total number of grid points. The first leading mode of variability of the reconstruction shows coherent variations over most of China. The second mode, a north–south dipole in eastern China with variations of the same sign in western China and southeastern China, may be controlled by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability. The third mode, a sandwich triple mode in eastern China with variations of the same sign in western China and central China. Five of the six coupled ocean-atmosphere climate models (BCC-CSM1.1, CCSM4, FGOALS-s2, GISS-E2-R and MPI-ESM-P) of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project Phase III (PMIP3), can reproduce the south-north dipole mode of precipitation in eastern China, and its likely link with ENSO. However, there is mismatch in terms of their time development. This is consistent with an important role of the internal variability in the precipitation field changes over the past 500 years.
Nuclear matrix elements for double-β decay

Recent progress in nuclear-structure theory has been dramatic. I describe applications in progress of ab inito calculations to double-beta decay, and discuss the recent and future application of generator-coordinate methods to the same problem. I also discuss the old and vexing problem of the renormalization of the weak nuclear axial-vector coupling constant “in medium” and plans to resolve it.
Examining interrelation between global and national income inequalities

The last decade brought increasing attention to income and wealth inequalities in advanced economies because of their increase in several countries and negative social and political implications. However, this debate is often limited to the single-country perspective, disregarding decreasing global income inequalities, i.e. inequalities between individuals in the entire world. This paper focuses mainly on the global dimension of the inequality trends but also tries to update statistics on national inequality trends which, contrary to the dominant narrative, seem to go in various directions depending on a concrete country. Finally, an attempt is made to analyze the potential interrelation and trade-off between decreasing global inequalities and increasing national inequalities and the role of globalization, in its various forms, in such a trade-off.
Short-term and long-term impacts of individual and collaborative pragmatic output on speech act production

Since the 1990s, a substantial body of interventionist interlanguage pragmatics (ILP) research has probed the efficacy of various instructional pragmatics approaches, with speech acts serving as its prime target. The present study compared the short-term and long-term effects of individual and collaborative output-based instruction on EFL learners’ acquisition of English “apologies,” “requests,” and “refusals. ” For this purpose, 54 intermediate EFL learners, making up an individual output group (N=26) and a collaborative output group (N=28), participated in the study. Individual and collaborative output-based instruction was offered over nine consecutive sessions (three sessions on each speech act). Each of the nine treatment sessions involved the presentation of video input containing the speech acts under investigation, followed by individual and collaborative output production and manipulation tasks. Moreover, a 24-item WDCT was used to measure the participants’ speech act production ability at the pre-treatment, immediate post-treatment, and delayed post-treatment phases of the study. The results indicated significant gains for both individual and collaborative output groups from the pretest to the immediate and delayed posttests, and the greater efficacy of collaborative output over individual output. The findings reveal the potential of learner output, both individual and collaborative, for ILP development and the greater advantage collaborative output production and manipulation tasks can offer.
Omni-VISER: 3D Omni Vision-Laser Scanner

Three dimensional perception has drawn significant attention recently partly due to the success of Kinect and 3D lidar such as Velodyne. Although quite successful, they still have some limitations such as limited sensing range or high costs prohibiting them for small-scale outdoor applications. This paper presents a novel 3D scanning system by integrating a continuously rotating laser head with an omni-directional vision which offers a full 360◦ field of view with sweeping range measurements. An extrinsic calibration procedure is also proposed, in which point correspondences are being used instead of calibration object. Key benefits of the proposed system are 1) the capability to provide full 3D measurements after each revolution and 2) a real-time texture based 3D mapping. The paper presents the experimental results of prototype hardware for 3D point cloud generation with texture and feature detection. An open source implementation of real-time point cloud generation is also made available.
Teachers' Code-Switching in Classroom Instructions for Low English Proficient Learners

Due to the alarming signals of declining proficiency level among English Language learners in Malaysia, this study set out to learn more about the learners’ perceptions of the teachers’ code-switching in English Language classrooms. The objectives of this study were to investigate a )learners’ perceptions of teachers’ code-switching, b)the relationship between teachers’ code-switching and learners’ affective support c) the relationship between teachers’ code-switching and learners’ learning success and d) the future use of code-switching in students’ learning. The study investigated 257 low English proficient learners attending Communication 1 proficiency course in a public university in Malaysia. A set of questionnaire containing 20 items using 5-points Likert-type scale was administered to measure the presence of code-switching in classrooms, the affective support and the learning success. The study proposed two hypotheses and the hypotheses were tested using Pearson product moment correlation analyses. The study found that learners perceived code-switching as a positive strategy due to the various functions it has. There are significant relationships between (1) teachers’ code-switching and learners’ affective support and (2) teachers’ code-switching and learners’ learning success. Learners also showed favourable support for future code-switching in the English classrooms. It is strongly believed that teachers’ code-switching is an effective teaching strategy when dealing with low English proficient learners.
Cities and Diversity

Diversity has become the new orthodoxy of city planning. The term has several meanings: a varied physical design, mixes of uses, an expanded public realm, and multiple social grouping sexercising their “right to the city. ” Its impetus lies in the postmodernist/poststructuralist critique of modernism’s master narratives and more specifically in reactions to the urban landscape created by segregation, urban renewal, massive housing projects, and highway building programs. Privileging diversity raises significant issues. Can planned environments produce diversity or only a “staged authenticity”? Does emphasizing diversity obscure the economic structure? Is there a connection between diversity and economic innovation? Does social diversity necessarily contribute to equity and a broadly satisfying public realm? Rather than setting diversity as the principal goal of city planning, I argue for the model of the just city, based on Nussbaum’s concept of capacities and a recognition of the inevitable trade-offs among equity, diversity, growth, and sustainability.
Microbial characteristics of Pecorino processed cheese spreads

This study was designed to compare the microbiological quality of Pecorino processed cheese spreads manufactured in a mechanized factory and in small artisanal dairies. The 118 factory- made spreads analyzed were characterized by generally low microbial counts (lower than 103 cfu-g"), while the 98 artisanal products showed a high variability in microbiological quality, with total aer- obic mesophilic counts often exceeding 105 cfu·g-1• From a qualitative point of view, coliforms, S. aureus and Gram negative psychrotrophs were isolated only in artisanal samples. Spore-forming bacteria, yeasts and moulds were isolated from both types of products but they were observed in higher percentages and with higher values in artisanal ones. The results of our study seem to confirm that the application of a well-standardized and mechanized procedure, which minimizes the manual handling of the product, combined with proper hygiene practices during manufacturing helps to reduce the risk of developing food safety and/or spoilage problems in this kind of dairy products. © Inra/Elsevier, Paris. Pecorino processed cheese spreads / microbial characteristic / organoleptic characteristic