Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Turkish Current Account Deficit

During the 2011–2015 period, Turkey's current account deficit as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) was one of the largest among the Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries. In this paper, we examine if this deficit can be considered optimal using the Engel and Rogers's approach. In this framework, the current account of a country is determined by the expected discounted present value of its future share of world GDP relative to its current share. A country whose income is anticipated to rise relative to the rest of the world is expected to borrow now and run a current account deficit. Our findings suggest that Turkey's current account deficit in 2015 may be considered optimal if the Turkish economy's share in the world economy could continue to grow at rates similar to the past or to the predictions from professional forecasts. The same approach, however, indicates that the current account deficit in 2011, at its peak, was unlikely to be optimal. (JEL F32, F41, F43)
A Validation of The Delone And Mclean Model On The Educational Information System Of The Maharashtra State (India)

The advancement of information technology and high performance computing technology encourages every area such as in the present scenario; the public sector enterprises face huge competition at national and global level. Due to liberalization and globalization, more emphasis needs to be on quality, time line, innovation and customer orientation but it requires an accurate, fast, effective information system so that evaluation of information system is necessary with the aspect of organizational objectives. It does not only calculate the performance of hardware, software, computer network, and data but also achievement of all objectives of the enterprise. The use of information systems (IS) have been increasing in the last decade across the application architecture not only in private business enterprises, but also in public and government enterprises so that information systems success model can be considered in all contexts. This paper is focused on review of DeLone and McLean evaluation model, comparative analysis of original and updated model of DeLone and McLean and to validate information success of the Indian government UDISE system by applying the same model. In this paper the authors have successfully validated the model in the government of Maharashtra’s system
Russia’s “Pure Spirit”

This article examines the interplay of vodka branding and politics in post-Soviet Russia. The trajectory of vodka branding over the past three decades reflects shifts in politics and articulates changes in ideology, while setting the environment in which certain sociopolitical ideas unfold and become naturalized. The analysis suggests that the political economy and historical dynamics of a market system, and the societal standing of the commodity being branded, define and frame the potentialities of marketing meanings and their ideological inflections.
Catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose mixed with sulfated titania to produce levoglucosenone: Analytical Py-GC/MS study

Sulfated titania (SO42-/TiO2) was prepared and used for catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose to produce levoglucosenone (LGO), a valuable anhydrosugar product. Analytical pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) technique was employed in this study to achieve the catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose and on-line analysis of the pyrolysis vapors. Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of several factors on the LGO production, i.e. pyrolysis temperature, cellulose/catalyst ratio, TiO2 crystal type, and pyrolysis time. The results indicated that the SO42-/TiO2 catalyst lowered the initial cellulose decomposition temperature and altered the pyrolytic product significantly. Levoglucosan (LG) was the most abundant product in the non-catalytic process, while levoglucosenone (LGO) was the major product in the catalytic process. The maximal LGO yield was obtained at the set pyrolysis temperature of 400 °C, while the highest LGO content was obtained at 350 °C, with the peak area% over 50%. In addition, the SO42-/TiO2 (anatase) was confirmed the best catalyst for the LGO production.
Voluntary Disclosure in a Changing Regulatory Environment - Evidence from Chinese Stock Market

This paper investigates the voluntary disclosure made by 297 Chinese listed firms in their 1995-2006 annual reports. It aims to determine how firms in the Chinese stock market have responded to the coercive pressure exerted upon them by the market regulatory body, the Chinese Security Regulatory Commission (CSRC) in terms of providing transparent information to the stock market. The findings show that over the study period, listed firms have gradually increased their voluntary disclosure. This paper also explores the main characteristics of voluntary disclosure made by listed firms in the Chinese stock market. It is concluded that voluntary disclosure has been adopted by firms to achieve institutional legitimacy in the stock market.
PSYCHOACOUSTICALLY MOTIVATED NONUNIFORM COSINE MODULATED POLYPHASE FILTER BANK

Nonuniform cosine modulated filter bank is presented as valuable solution for perceptual sound processing systems. Proposed structure connects polyphase concept with idea of warping frequency by all-pass transformation. So it has uncommon flexibility of bandwidths shaping, relatively easy design and good performance. System is considered in context of criticalbands model approximation as front-end for audio coding and enhancement. Theoretical basics of fundamental ideas are reviewed and connecting them into final solution is shown. Issues of the design and details of the implementation are discussed, basing on examples of filter banks approximating well-known nonlinear Bark and ERB psychoacoustic scales. Perspectives of real-time dynamic tuning up the bandwidths are also considered.
The planet search programme at the ESO CES and HARPS - IV. The search for Jupiter analogues around solar-like stars

Context. In 1992 we began a precision radial velocity survey for planets around solar-like stars with the Coude Echelle Spectrograph and the Long Camera (CES LC) at the 1.4m telescope in La Silla (Chile) resulting in the discovery of the planet iota Hor b. We have continued the survey with the upgraded CES Very Long Camera (VLC) and the HARPS spectrographs, both at the 3.6m telescope, until 2007. Aims. In this paper we present additional radial velocities for 31 stars of the original sample with higher precision. The observations cover a time span of up to 15 years and permit a search for Jupiter analogues. Methods. The survey was carried out with three different instruments/instrument configurations using the iodine absorption cell and the ThAr methods for wavelength calibration. We combine the data sets and perform a joint analysis for variability, trends, and periodicities. We compute Keplerian orbits for companions and detection limits in case of non-detections. Moreover, the HARPS radial velocities are analysed for correlations with activity indicators (CaII H&K and cross-correlation function shape). Results. We achieve a long-term RV precision of 15 m/s (CES+LC, 1992-1998), 9 m/s (CES+VLC, 1999-2006), and 2.8 m/s (HARPS, 2003-2009, including archive data), respectively. This enables us to confirm the known planetary signals in iota Hor and HR 506 as well as the three known planets around HR 3259. A steady RV trend for epsilon Ind A can be explained by a planetary companion and calls for direct imaging campaigns. On the other hand, we find previously reported trends to be smaller for beta Hyi and not present for alpha Men. The candidate planet epsilon Eri b was not detected despite our better precision. Also the planet announced for HR 4523 cannot be confirmed. Long-term trends in several of our stars are compatible with known stellar companions. We provide a spectroscopic orbital solution for the binary HR 2400 and refined solutions for the planets around HR 506 and iota Hor. For some other stars the variations could be attributed to stellar activity, as e.g. the magnetic cycle in the case of HR 8323. Conclusions. The occurrence of two Jupiter-mass planets in our sample is in line with the estimate of 10% for the frequency of giant planets with periods smaller than 10 yr around solar-like stars. We have not detected a Jupiter analogue, while the detections limits for circular orbits indicate at 5 AU a sensitivity for minimum mass of at least 1M(Jup) (2M(Jup)) for 13% (61%) of the stars. (Less)
The Coma cluster magnetic field from Faraday rotation measures

Aims. The aim of the present work is to constrain the Coma cluster magnetic field strength, its radial profile and power spectrum by comparing Faraday rotation measure (RM) images with numerical simulations of the magnetic field. Methods. We have analyzed polarization data for seven radio sources in the Coma cluster field observed with the Very Large Array at 3.6, 6 and 20 cm, and derived Faraday rotation measures with kiloparsec scale resolution. Random three dimensional magnetic field models have been simulated for various values of the central intensity B0 and radial power-law slope η ,w hereη indicates how the field scales with respect to the gas density profile. Results. We derive the central magnetic field strength, and radial profile values that best reproduce the RM observations. We find that the magnetic field power spectrum is well represented by a Kolmogorov power spectrum with minimum scale ∼2 kpc and maximum scale ∼34 kpc. The central magnetic field strength and radial slope are constrained to be in the range (B0 = 3.9 μG; η = 0.4) and (B0 = 5.4 μG; η = 0.7) within 1σ. The best agreement between observations and simulations is achieved for B0 = 4.7 μG; η = 0.5. Values of B0 > 7 μ Ga nd 1.0 are incompatible with RM data at 99% confidence level.
Adaptive Blind Image Watermarking Using Fuzzy Inference System Based on Human Visual Perception

Development of digital content has increased the necessity of copyright protection by means of watermarking. Imperceptibility and robustness are two important features of watermarking algorithms. The goal of watermarking methods is to satisfy the tradeoff between these two contradicting characteristics. Recently watermarking methods in transform domains have displayed favorable results. In this paper, we present an adaptive blind watermarking method which has high transparency in areas that are important to human visual system. We propose a fuzzy system for adaptive control of the embedding strength factor. Features such as saliency, intensity, and edge-concentration, are used as fuzzy attributes. Redundant embedding in discrete cosine transform (DCT) of wavelet domain has increased the robustness of our method. Experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed method and better results are obtained as compared to comparable methods with same size of watermark logo. Keywords— Blind watermarking; Fuzzy system; Saliency; Discrete wavelet transform; Adaptive strength factor;
TIME-HARMONIC MAXWELL EQUATIONS IN BIOLOGICAL CELLS — THE DIFFERENTIAL FORM FORMALISM TO TREAT THE THIN LAYER

We study the behavior of the electromagnetic field in a biological cell modelled by a medium surrounded by a thin layer and embedded in an ambient medium. We derive approximate transmission conditions in order to replace the membrane by these conditions on the boundary of the interior domain. Our approach is essentially geometric and based on a suitable change of variables in the thin layer. Few notions of differential calculus are given in order to obtain the first order conditions in a simple way, and numerical simulations validate the theoretical results. Asymptotic transmission conditions at any order are given in the last section of the paper.
The nature of "dark" gamma-ray bursts

Context. Thirteen years after the discovery of the first afterglows, the nature of dark gamma-ray bursts (GRB) still eludes explanation: while each long-duration GRB typically has an X-ray afterglow, optical/NIR emission is only seen for 40-60% of them. Aims. Here we use the afterglow detection statistics of the systematic follow-up observations performed with GROND since mid-2007 in order to derive the fraction of "dark bursts" according to different methods, and to distinguish between various scenarios for "dark bursts". Methods. Observations were performed with the 7-channel "Gamma-Ray Optical and Near-infrared Detector" (GROND) at the 2.2 m MPI/ESO telescope. We used the afterglow detection rate in dependence on the delay time between GRB and the first GROND exposure. Results. For long-duration Swift bursts with a detected X-ray afterglow, we achieve a 90% (35/39) detection rate of optical/NIR afterglows whenever our observations started within less than 240 min after the burst. Complementing our GROND data with Swift/XRT spectra we construct broad-band spectral energy distributions and derive rest-frame extinctions. Conclusions. We detect 25-40% "dark bursts", depending on the definition used. The faint optical afterglow emission of "dark bursts" is mainly due to a combination of two contributing factors: (i) moderate intrinsic extinction at moderate redshifts, and (ii) about 22% of "dark" bursts at redshift >5.
Designing Organizations in Volatile Markets

Multinational and multiproduct firms often experience uncertainty in the relative return of conducting activities in different markets due to, for example, exchange rate volatility or the changing prospects of different products. We study how a multi-divisional organization should optimally allocate decision-making authority to its managerial members when operating in such volatile markets. To be able to adapt its decisions to local conditions, the organization has to rely on self-interested division managers to collect and disseminate the relevant information. We show that if communication takes the form of verifiable disclosure, then centralized decision-making does not suffer from information asymmetry and it allows the headquarter of the organization to better cope with the inter-market uncertainty. However, a downside of centralization is that it can discourage information acquisition, and this negative effect is amplified by the need for coordinating the activities of different divisions. As a result, the optimality of decentralized decision-making can actually be driven by a large coordination motive.
Changes in yield and nitrate losses from using drainage water management in central Iowa, United States

Drainage water management (DWM) is a potentially valuable management practice for reducing NO3 losses to surface waters in areas of artificial drainage. But the practice is essentially untested in Midwest United States conditions and its water quality and crop yield benefits uncertain. This paper reports results from applying DWM to a 22 ha (54 ac) production field in central Iowa as part of a five-state Conservation Innovative Grant effort to document the impact of DWM across the Midwest. Three of nine plots in an existing tile drainage research site were retrofitted with control structures so that the drainage level could be controlled. Water flow from the tile in each plot, NO3 concentration in the drainage, and crop yield were measured over a four year period from 2006 to 2009. The field was in a two year corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) rotation with nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied before the corn crop only. During four years of monitoring tile flow, there was a significant (p = 0.05) 21% decrease in tile flow, no significant decrease in NO3 concentration, and a significant 29% reduction in NO3 load leaching from the DWM treatment compared to conventional drainage. No yield benefits from DWM were observed for the two year average for corn (2006 and 2008), but a significant yield increase of 8% was observed for the two year average for soybean (2007 and 2009). For the four years monitored in this study, it is unclear if the yield increase for soybean versus no increase for corn was due to weather patterns or because corn and soybean responded differently to the raised water table caused by DWM.
Patient participation during oncological encounters : barriers and need for supportive interventions experienced by elderly cancer patients

Objective: To enhance patient participation during (oncological) encounters, this study aims to gain insight into communication barriers and supportive interventions experienced by elderly patients with cancer. Method: A mixed method design, including both quantitative (secondary survey data analysis) and qualitative (interviews) methods. Survey data were used to identify communication barriers and need for supportive interventions of elderly cancer patients, compared to younger patients. Next, interviews provided indepth insight into elderly patients’ experiences and underlying mechanisms. Results: A majority of the 70 participating elderly cancer patients (53%) felt confident in communicating and participating during medical encounters. However, 47% of patients experienced barriers to effectively communicate with their healthcare provider and felt the need for supportive interventions. The 14 interviewed patients mentioned barriers and facilitators related to attributes of themselves (e.g. feeling sick, self-efficacy), the provider (e.g. taking patient seriously) and the healthcare system (e.g. time constraints). Conclusions: Although many elderly cancer patients feel confident, offering support to patients who feel less confident in communicating with their provider is recommended. Noordman, J., Driesenaar, J.A. , Henselmans, I. , Heijmans, M. , Verboom, J., Dulmen, S. van. Patient participation during oncological encounters: barriers and facilitators experienced by elderly cancer patients. Patient Education and Counseling: 2017, 100(17), 2262-2268 This is a NIVEL certified Post Print, more info at http://www.nivel. eu Practice implications: The outcomes of this study can be used as a first step for developing interventions for elderly cancer patients to overcome communication barriers, and help providers to facilitate this process.
HARMONIC MEASURE: ALGORITHMS AND APPLICATIONS

This is a brief survey of results related to planar harmonic measure, roughly from Makarov’s results of the 1980’s to recent applications involving 4-manifolds, dessins d’enfants and transcendental dynamics. It is non-chronological and rather selective, but I hope that it still illustrates various areas in analysis, topology and algebra that are influenced by harmonic measure, the computational questions that arise, the many open problems that remain, and how these questions bridge the gaps between pure/applied and discrete/continuous mathematics.
Effective Multicultural Supervision for a Culturally Diverse Country.

Living in a country based on the “salad bowl” of cultures philosophy, it is necessary for mental health professionals to be competent in providing effective counseling to heterogeneous clientele. Multicultural counseling ensures that professional counselors will deliver services matching the clients’ needs, resulting in valuable treatment. Individuals wishing to become a counselor need guidance in multicultural counseling beyond the instruction given in a classroom. This can be accomplished during supervision from a multiculturally competent supervisor. Effective Multicultural Supervision for a Culturally Diverse Country As the population of the United States of America becomes increasingly diverse with more individuals immigrating to this country than ever before, the mental health field must be prepared to provide optimal services to this diverse population. According to the United States Census Bureau (2016), the estimated race of the population for 2014 was as follows: 62.1% would be identified as White, 17.4% identified as Hispanic or Latino, 13.2% identified as Black or African American, 5.4% identified as Asian, and the remaining 1.9% would be identified as Native Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, other Pacific Islander, or being of two or more races. The Census Bureau (2016) also estimated that in 2014, females would comprise 50.8% of the population, whereas males would comprise 49.2%. Approximately 23.1% of the 2014 population was estimated to be aged eighteen or younger, and 76.9% would be aged over nineteen (United States Census Bureau, 2016). Finally, the Census Bureau (2016) estimated that in 2014, 14.8% of the population would be considered to be living in poverty, with the medium household income to be $53,482. This exemplifies the salad bowl analogy often used to describe the United States because there is not a single type of American, but rather the country prides itself on a variety of individuals from diverse backgrounds (different races, ethnicities, religions, genders, education, ages, language, socioeconomic statuses, and sexual orientation) coming together to form the larger community. Therefore, mental health professionals in this country must be well-versed in the various aspects of providing exceptional counseling to an assorted clientele. There is not a “one-size-fits-all” counseling approach, and it is imperative that professional counselors adequately prepare to assist clients from heterogeneous backgrounds. This process, commonly referred to as multicultural counseling, occurs when two or more individuals from different cultures to come together during
Is Achilles tendon compliance optimised for maximum muscle efficiency during locomotion ?

Tendon elasticity is important for economical locomotion; however it is unknown whether tendon stiffness is appropriate to achieve an optimal efficiency in various muscles. Here we test the hypothesis that the Achilles tendon is of an appropriate stiffness to maximise medial gastrocnemius muscle efficiency during locomotion with different power requirements. To test this hypothesis we used a three element Hill muscle model to determine how muscle fascicles would be required to change length if the series elastic element stiffness is varied, whilst the limb kinematics and muscle properties are held constant. We applied a model of muscle energetics to these data to predict muscle efficiency for a range of stiffness values in both walking and running conditions. We also compared the model results to in vivo data collected using ultrasonography. The muscle model predicted that optimal series elastic element stiffness for maximising efficiency is equal or slightly higher than that of the average Achilles tendon in running and walking, respectively. Although the peak efficiency values for running (26%) and walking (27%) are similar, the range of stiffness values achieving high efficiency in running is much smaller than that during walking. These results suggest that a compliant tendon, such as the Achilles tendon, is required for efficient running. Such a finding is important, because it describes how the stiffness of a tendon may be adapted to achieve optimal efficiency for particular athletic pursuits. The influence of varying tendon stiffness on kinematic performance may, however, play an important role in determining the efficiency of the muscle. r 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Relative Bioactivity of Functional Foods and Related Dietary Supplements Soy Isoflavones and Bone Health : The Relationship Is Still Unclear 1 , 2

Evidence of the effect of purified soy isoflavones and soy protein isolates containing isoflavones on bone health in rats and in humans is inconsistent. Differences may be because of synergies or antagonisms among the isoflavones, threshold or biphasic dose effects, life stage of animals or human subjects, estrogen status, and environment–genetic interactions, including the ability to produce metabolites upon ingestion of isoflavones. At this time, the benefits of soy protein and isoflavones on bone health are inconclusive. This overview will summarize these discrepancies and will suggest future studies to clarify the conditions under which these dietary substances can be helpful for bones. J. Nutr. 135: 1243–1247, 2005.