Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strong autoresonance excitation of Rydberg atoms: The Rydberg accelerator.

A classical mechanism is proposed for the many-photon ionization of Rydberg atoms in a quasimonochromatic oscillating electric field with an amplitude smaller than the stochasticity threshold. The mechanism is based on the dynamic autoresonance between the slowly varying frequency of the oscillating field and the Keplerian frequency (or one of its harmonics) of atomic electrons. It is shown that a large fraction of an initial ensemble of atoms can be efficiently excited by this coherent mechanism and then ionized via the stochastic instability.
Larval Anatomies, Eggs, and Developmental Biologies of Centris bicornuta and Epicharis albofasciata (Apoidea: Apidae)

ABSTRACT This paper presents detailed comparative descriptions of the mature larvae and eggs of Centris (Heterocentris) bicornuta Mocsáry and Epicharis (Epicharoides) albofasciata Smith as representatives of two genera that are closely related. It strongly suggests that both species, while developing, pass through five larval instars; because the first instar remains mostly pharate within the chorion, it is only as a second instar that it begins to consume provisions and increase in size. There follows an account of how each species changes in functional anatomy from one instar to the next and how each instar of one species compares with the same instar of the other. In response to a recently published paper (Martins and Melo, 2016), which suggested that the tribe Centridini may be polyphyletic because some taxa within Centris share features with corbiculate genera, it is pointed out that all corbiculate genera uniquely share an apomorphy: they bear small paired, elevated, finely setose, sclerotized, and usually pigmented apical tubercles on the thoracic segments of mature larvae. Such thoracic tubercles are unknown in the Centridini or elsewhere among bees.
Transtornos do espectro do autismo e psicanálise: revisitando a literatura

O Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) constitui-se em um conjunto de caracteristicas especificas que afetam o desenvolvimento de diversas maneiras, causando comprometimentos principalmente na area de habilidades sociais. Os individuos com autismo geralmente apresentam padroes restritos de atividades, interesses limitados e comportamentos estereotipados. Historicamente, a forma de compreender os TEA tem se modificado, em nivel de causalidade, diagnostico e ate tratamento, sendo a psicanalise um dos modelos teoricos e tecnicos mais influentes. Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar as relacoes entre autismo e psicanalise em producoes bibliograficas brasileiras do periodo de 2009 a 2014 e analisar sistematicamente as publicacoes sobre as relacoes entre os TEA e a psicanalise. Estimou-se ainda descrever a etiologia dos TEA, identificar os parâmetros diagnosticos e elencar as principais formas de tratamento pelo vies da psicanalise. A metodologia adotada foi a pesquisa bibliografica e os dados foram coletados atraves da revisao sistematica da literatura disponivel em bases de dados nacionais, como Biblioteca Virtual em Saude - Psicologia Brasil BVS-PSI, Bireme, Lilacs e SciELO, atraves dos descritores “autismo e psicanalise” e “transtornos autisticos e psicanalise”. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o maior volume de obras trata a etiologia como multicausal, destacando aspectos geneticos, biologicos, psicogenicos e relacionais. Sobre o diagnostico, foram ressaltadas a singularidade e a subjetividade de cada sujeito e com relacao ao tratamento enfatizou-se o manejo da transferencia como uma tecnica apropriada. Observou-se, no conjunto de publicacoes, que o diagnostico e o tratamento estao voltados em sua grande maioria para a infância, chamando a atencao para a escassa quantidade de publicacoes que tratam de adolescentes e adultos com TEA.
Measurement error evaluation of self‐reported drug use: a latent class analysis of the US National Household Survey on Drug Abuse

Summary. Latent class analysis (LCA) is a statistical tool for evaluating the error in categorical data when two or more repeated measurements of the same survey variable are available. This paper illustrates an application of LCA for evaluating the error in self‐reports of drug use using data from the 1994, 1995 and 1996 implementations of the US National Household Survey on Drug Abuse. In our application, the LCA approach is used for estimating classification errors which in turn leads to identifying problems with the questionnaire and adjusting estimates of prevalence of drug use for classification error bias. Some problems in using LCA when the indicators of the use of a particular drug are embedded in a single survey questionnaire, as in the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, are also discussed.
Nonlinear analysis for a single vertical drain including the effects of preloading considering the compressibility and permeability of the soil

In this paper, the free strain radial consolidation theory incorporating the changes of compressibility and permeability of the soil with the change in effective stress via time dependent surcharge preloading is presented. In contrast to the conventional analysis, the current study highlights the nonlinear characteristics of the soil during the consolidation process. A comparison of the nonlinear radial consolidation model, with the conventional theory and the equal strain theory i.e. constant volume compressibility, mv and constant coefficient of horizontal permeability, kh is presented. Finally, a case history at Muar coastal plain, Malaysia is analysed on the basis of the current solution. This case history indicates improved accuracy of the predictions in relation to the field measurements and observations.
Effects of horizontal plyometric training volume on soccer players’ performance

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to examine the dose response effect of strength and conditioning programmes, involving horizontally oriented plyometric exercises, on relevant soccer performance variables. Sixteen soccer players were randomly allocated to two 6-week plyometric training groups (G1 and G2) differing by imposed (twice a week) training volume. Post-training G1 (4.13%; d = 0.43) and G2 (2.45%; d = 0.53) moderately improved their horizontal countermovement jump performance. Significant between-group differences (p < 0.01) in the vertical countermovement jump for force production time (T2) were detected post-training. No significant and practical (p > 0.05, d = trivial or small) post-training improvements in sprint, change of direction ability (CODA) and horizontal arm swing countermovement jump were reported in either group. Horizontal plyometric training was effective in promoting improvement in injury prevention variables. Doubling the volume of a horizontal plyometric training protocol was shown to have no additional effect over functional aspects of soccer players’ performance.
Microhabitat and niche separation in species of Ceratiomyxa

The eumycetozoan genus Ceratiomyxa appears to have a cosmopolitan distribution, although two of the three macroscopic species within the genus have been reported only from tropical regions of the world. In theory these two tropical species might be expected to display more narrow niches than their cosmopolitan counterpart due to their specialization for tropical environments. However ecological data documenting niche separation in eumycetozoans are largely lacking. As part of several investigations carried out in the neotropics the ecology of the three macroscopic species of Ceratiomyxa was studied. The results from in situ measurements of environmental factors associated with their fructifications reveal a clear separation of niches between the two tropical species, which might be an indication of resource partitioning within the genus. As expected in theory the cosmopolitan C. fruticulosa shows the broadest niche of the three species. Moreover the niche overlap value between C. morchella and C. sphaerosperma along with results from a multivariate CDA analysis seem to indicate that these two species are more specialized than C. fruticulosa.
Thyroid hormone induced changes in the enzyme activity pattern of energy-supplying metabolism of fast (white), slow (red), and heart muscle of the rat.

Influeces of thyroid hormones onthe activity levels of glyucogen phosphorylase, hexokinase, trisoephosphate dehydrogenease, critrate synthase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenease, mitochondrial glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase and the contnt of cytochrome a3 were examined in a “white” (m. rectus femoris), “red” (m. soleus) and heart muscle of male rats. Of the enzymes examined, glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase and hexokinase, revaled most significant increases, with comparable extent and simultaneous time of onset. The pattern o reaction was, however, different in the three types of muscle. In white muscle, an increase of hexokinase, but not of glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase was found. In red muscle, the two enzymes increased in parallel and in heart muscle the increase in glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase was the largest and exceeded by far that of hexokinse. In skeletal muscles it could be shown that the increase of hexokinase activity was limited to hexokinase-isoenzyme II, hexokinase I being unaffected. Histochemical staining for glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase revealed that the activity of this enzyme is predominalty demonstrable in the subsarcolemmal mitochondria. The increased activities of hexokinase in the skeletal muscles and of glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in red and heart muscle are interpreted as a coordinate process of a “long-term metabolic regulation” which is related to an elvelatd aerobic carbohydrate catabolism of muscle tissue and to an enhanced rate of basal metabolism.
Phagocytes and Acute Lung Injury: Dual Roles For Interleukin‐1

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and neutrophils are increased in lungs of patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We found that rats given IL-1 intratracheally rapidly developed lung neutrophil accumulation and a neutrophil-dependent acute edematous lung leak. Lung leak was associated with increased lung lavage cytokine-induced chemoattractant (CINC) levels and increased oxidative stress that was manifested by increased exhaled H2O2 levels and increased lung oxidized glutathione levels. IL-1-induced lung leak was decreased by treatment with superoxide dismutase (SOD), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), supercritical fluid-aerosolized vitamin E, interleukin-1-receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), or liposome-associated PGE1 (Lip-PGE1). Importantly, Lip-PGE1 treatment also reduced ventilator dependence in a small clinical study of ARDS patients. Another series of investigations revealed that IL-1 pretreatment could prevent lung leak in rats given IL-1 intratracheally. These findings point to the possible dual effects of IL-1 with respect to the development of acute lung injury.
Realizowanie zadań funkcji rehabilitacyjnej przez pielęgniarki w opinii pacjentów niepełnosprawnych ruchowo

Wstep. Ograniczona sprawnośc i funkcja motoryczna czlowieka powoduje, ze potrzebuje on pomocy pielegniarki. Wymaga zdiagnozowania pielegniarskiego i oceny stopnia naruszenia sprawności ruchowej, wyboru metod rehabilitacji przylozkowej i usprawniania kompensacyjnego oraz oceny skuteczności tych dzialan wobec pacjenta. Zawodowa funkcja rehabilitacyjna pielegniarek jest zaliczana, przez teoretykow pielegniarstwa polskiego, do funkcji wspolzaleznych. Zadania rehabilitacyjne realizowane przez pielegniarki wobec pacjenta są ustalane wspolnie z innymi czlonkami zespolu terapeutycznego z uwzglednieniem specyfiki zastosowanego leczenia. Podmiotem kompleksowej rehabilitacji z udzialem pielegniarek jest czlowiek, ktory z powodu wady wrodzonej narządu ruchu musi utrzymac sprawnośc i niezaleznośc albo z powodu urazu, wypadku lub choroby zwyrodnieniowej narządu ruchu czy ukladu nerwowego musi odzyskac to, co utracil z funkcji motorycznych i lokomocyjnych. Cel pracy. Celem badania bylo zanalizowanie, jaki jest udzial pielegniarek w rehabilitacji pacjentow niepelnosprawnych ruchowo. Analizy dokonano na podstawie opinii pacjentow. Oceniano rowniez potrzeby pacjentow w zakresie odzyskiwania sprawności ruchowej i samodzielności przy wspoludziale pielegniarek i z ich pomocą. Material i metody. Badaniem objeto 100 osob (56 kobiet i 44 mezczyzn) po operacji wszczepienia protezy stawu biodrowego (58), z reumatoidalnym zapaleniem stawow (23) i po przebytym udarze mozgu (19). Badanie przeprowadzono na oddzialach: chirurgii ortopedycznej i urazowej oraz rehabilitacji leczniczej. Poprzez ankiete pacjenci wyrazili rowniez swoje oczekiwania związane z pobytem na oddzialach (93) oraz przystosowaniem pomieszczen oddzialow do ich mozliwości ruchowych (41). Wyniki. 62% badanych osob uwaza, ze pielegniarki wykonują czynności związane z usprawnianiem osob niepelnosprawnych ruchowo oraz wspoluczestniczą w rehabilitacji medycznej. W opinii respondentow pielegniarki pokazywaly sposoby wykonywania czynności w nowej sytuacji zdrowotnej, pokazywaly sposob wykonywania cwiczen w lozku, nadzorowaly ich wykonywanie, czuwaly nad bezpieczenstwem usprawniania i poruszania sie z pomocą kul. Wnioski. Pielegniarki realizują zadania zawodowej funkcji rehabilitacyjnej wobec osob niepelnosprawnych ruchowo. Sprawnośc ruchowa i samodzielnośc osob niepelnosprawnych ruchowo zwieksza sie w wyniku prowadzonej przez pielegniarki rehabilitacji przylozkowej oraz wykonywania zadan zawodowej funkcji rehabilitacyjnej.
Tigroid background in cytology of hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma of the salivary gland

Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a rare and low grade salivary gland carcinoma with a unique recurrent EWSR1 gene translocation. HCCC most commonly arises from intraoral minor salivary glands and its cytological features have not been well evaluated. We report a 28‐year‐old man with palatal HCCC and emphasize the “tigroid background” and metachromatic matrix observed in scrape cytology. This “tigroid background,” usually associated with glycogen‐rich clear cell tumors, is an important cytological feature of HCCC. Awareness of this feature can do great help in pathological research and diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:338–341. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cardiorespiratory fitness and activity explains the obesity-deprivation relationship in children

This study examined the association between obesity and deprivation in English children and whether cardiorespiratory fitness or physical activity (PA) can explain this association. Obesity was assessed using IOTF criteria in 8,398 10-16 year olds. Social deprivation was measured using the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) (subdivided into 3 groups; high, mid and low deprivation). Obesity was analysed using binary logistic regression with stature, age and sex incorporated as confounding variables. Children's fitness levels were assessed using predicted VO2 max (20-metre shuttle run test) and PA was estimated using the PA Questionnaire for Adolescents or Children (PAQ). A strong association was found between obesity and deprivation. When fitness and PA were added to the logistic regression models, increasing levels in both were found to reduce the odds of obesity, although it was only by including fitness into the model that the association between obesity and deprivation disappeared. Including estimated PA into the model was found to be curvilinear. Initial increases in PA increase the odds of obesity. Only by increasing PA to exceed the 71st percentile (PAQ = 3.22) did the odds of being obese start to decline. In order to reduce deprivation inequalities in children's weight-status, health practitioners should focus on increasing cardiorespiratory fitness via physical activity levels in areas of greater deprivation.
Recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (Alteplase) for ischemic stroke 3 to 5 hours after symptom onset. The ATLANTIS Study: a randomized controlled trial. Alteplase Thrombolysis for Acute Noninterventional Therapy in Ischemic Stroke.

CONTEXT Recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) improves outcomes for patients with acute ischemic stroke, but current approved use is limited to within 3 hours of symptom onset. This restricts the number of patients who can be treated, since most stroke patients present more than 3 hours after symptom onset. OBJECTIVE To test the efficacy and safety of rt-PA in patients with acute ischemic stroke when administered between 3 and 5 hours after symptom onset. DESIGN The Alteplase ThromboLysis for Acute Noninterventional Therapy in Ischemic Stroke (ATLANTIS) study is a phase 3, placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized study conducted between December 1993 and July 1998, with up to 90 days of follow-up. SETTING One hundred forty university and community hospitals in North America. PATIENTS An intent-to-treat population of 613 acute ischemic stroke patients was enrolled, with 547 of these treated as assigned within 3 to 5 hours of symptom onset. A total of 39 others were treated within 3 hours of symptom onset, 24 were treated more than 5 hours after symptom onset, and 3 never received any study drug. INTERVENTION Administration of 0.9 mg/kg of rt-PA (n = 272) or placebo (n = 275) intravenously over 1 hour. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary efficacy was an excellent neurologic recovery at day 90 (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score of < or =1); secondary end points included excellent recovery on functional outcome measures (Barthel index, modified Rankin scale, and Glasgow Outcome Scale) at days 30 and 90. Serious adverse events were also assessed. RESULTS In the target population, 32% of the placebo and 34% of rt-PA patients had an excellent recovery at 90 days (P = .65). There were no differences on any of the secondary functional outcome measures. In the first 10 days treatment with rt-PA significantly increased the rate of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (1.1% vs 7.0% [P<.001]), a symptomatic ICH (4.7% vs 11.4% [P = .004]), and fatal ICH (0.3% vs 3.0% [P<.001]). Mortality at 90 days was 6.9% with placebo and 11.0% with rt-PA (P = .09). Results in the intent-to-treat population were similar. CONCLUSIONS This study found no significant rt-PA benefit on the 90-day efficacy end points in patients treated between 3 and 5 hours. The risk of symptomatic ICH increased with rt-PA treatment. These results do not support the use of intravenous rt-PA for stroke treatment beyond 3 hours.
The Constituent Order of Hwæt-Clauses in Old English Prose

The aim of the present study is to conduct a comprehensive corpus analysis of the constituent order of main declarative clauses with the interjection hwæt ‘what’ in the clause-initial position in Old English prose texts. On the basis of his analysis of Ælfric's Lives of Saints and Bede's Historia Ecclesiastica, Walkden (2013) claims that such hwæt-clauses pattern with subordinate clauses with respect to their verb position. My study confirms Walkden's basic empirical findings that hwæt-clauses do not behave like typical main clauses as far as their constituent order is concerned. However, there are numerous differences between them and subordinate clauses introduced by hwæt, that is, free relatives and embedded questions. The analysis suggests that the conditions favoring the use of the V-final order in main hwæt-clauses resemble the ones identified for ordinary V-final main clauses in Bech 2012. What is more, the study shows that the functional differences between hwæt- and hwæt þa-clauses noted in Brinton 1996 are blurred in Old English prose because of a regular variation between hwæt þa-S and hwæt-S-þa patterns. The data also suggest that þa in hwæt þa-clauses should rather be analyzed as an independent clause element.
Effect of hay on performance of Holstein calves at suckling and post-weaning

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of Holstein calves in suckling and post-weaning phases, intensively managed during suckling in the absence or presence of hay. Twenty-four male Holstein calves, at an average age of 15 days and initial weight of 43 kg were used in the experiment. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of two treatments and six replications. The treatments were as follows: 1) suckling with milk substitute + initial concentrate for calves, ad libitum + temperate grass hay (oat/ryegrass), ad libitum; 2) suckling with milk substitute + initial concentrate for calves, ad libitum. No significant difference was found between treatments for weight gain and feed conversion. However, the supply of hay caused an increase in daily dry matter intake (2.127 vs 1.894 kg). The intake of hay promoted greater stimulus to consumption of concentrate and greater weight at weaning.
Star-like activity from a very young ‘isolated planet’

The discovery of isolated bodies of planetary mass has challenged the paradigm that planets form only as companions to stars. To determine whether 'isolated planets', brown dwarfs and stars can have a common origin, we have made deep submillimetre observations of part of the p Oph B star formation region. Spectroscopy of the 9-Jupiter-mass core Oph B-11 has revealed carbon monoxide line wings such as those of a protostar. Moreover, the estimated mass of outflowing gas lies on the force versus core-mass relation for protostars and protobrown dwarfs. This is evidence for a common process that can form any object between planetary and stellar masses in a molecular cloud. In a submillimetre continuum map, six compact cores in p Oph B were found to have masses presently below the deuterium-burning limit, extending the core mass function down to 0.01 M O . with the approximate form dN/dM M - 3 / 2 . If these lowest-mass cores are not transient and can collapse under gravity, then isolated planets should be very common in p Oph in the future, as is the case in the Orion star formation region. In fact, the isolated planetary objects that may form from these cores would outnumber the massive planets that have been found as companions to stars.
Proteasomal inhibition and apoptosis regulatory changes in human isolated lymphocytes: The synergistic role of dopamine

Abnormal deposition of protein aggregates and increased susceptibility to apoptotic cell death may result from defects in the activity of the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS); neurotoxicity related to UPS defects seems to require dopamine to be fully expressed. The aim of this study was to investigate the pro‐apoptotic effects caused by proteasomal activity inhibition, as well as the synergistic effect of dopaminergic stimulation in human lymphocytes isolated from healthy volunteers. Cells were incubated 20 h at 37°C, with: (1) lactacystin, (2) increasing concentrations of dopamine or (3) mixture of dopamine and lactacystin. Activities of proteasome 20S and pro‐apoptotic caspases‐3 and ‐9 and levels of anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 were measured with fluorimetric or immunochemical assays, while a “DNA diffusion” assay was used to determine the apoptosis. Incubation of lymphocytes with lactacystin, which caused reduction of proteasomal activity, was associated with activation of caspases. A clear, dose‐dependent reduction of proteasomal activity was also seen in the presence of increasing doses of dopamine, which was accompanied by a slight dose‐dependent increase of caspases activities and Bcl‐2 levels. Both effects on proteasome and caspase activities were enhanced when cells were simultaneously exposed to lactacystin and elevated concentrations of dopamine. Apoptosis was detected in all treated samples, but not in controls, without significant differences among the treatment groups; however, the association of dopamine and lactacystin induced a clear reduction in the number of cells being analyzed, pointing to marked cytotoxicity. Our data confirm the potentiation of cytotoxicity related to proteasome inhibition, in the presence of dopaminergic stimulation. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 877–885, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.