Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Description on anatomy and histology of Echinometra mathaei (Echinoidea: Camarodonta: Echinometidae), the Persian Gulf sea urchin

Echinoids were collected at depth of 0-5 m from coastal water of Larak Island, the Persian Gulf in January 2016. Soft tissues of the animal including peristome, peritoneum, gills, podium, ampulla, axial organ, gonads and food canal were taken and fixed in %10 formalin. Five micron sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosin method and studied under light microscope. The anatomy and histology of organs including peristome, peritoneum, gills, podium, ampulla, axial organ, gonads and food canal were investigated. In oral view, peristome, mouth, teeth, gills, spines, and pedicellariae were the six major compartments. Correspondence K Pooshang Bagheri, Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Dept, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran (e-mail: k_bagheri@pasteur.ac.ir). Aboral view was seen as a round shape consisted of tube feet, spines, pedicellariae, madreporite, genital plate, ocular plate and anus. In both oral and aboral view seven types of spines and five types of pedicellariae were reported. Histological evaluation showed the organization of their layers and cells. In this study some anatomical and histological features of the Persian Gulf Echinometra mathaei were characterized. The data presented in this paper could be illuminating the path for marine biologists, anatomists, and histologists to use this creature in their desired research areas, basic or industrial approaches.
TextGraphs 2022 Shared Task on Natural Language Premise Selection

The Shared Task on Natural Language Premise Selection (NLPS) asks participants to retrieve the set of premises that are most likely to be useful for proving a given mathematical statement from a supporting knowledge base. While previous editions of the TextGraphs shared tasks series targeted multi-hop inference for explanation regeneration in the context of science questions (Thayaparan et al., 2021; Jansen and Ustalov, 2020, 2019), NLPS aims to assess the ability of state-of-the-art approaches to operate on a mixture of natural and mathematical language and model complex multi-hop reasoning dependencies between statements. To this end, this edition of the shared task makes use of a large set of approximately 21k mathematical statements extracted from the PS-ProofWiki dataset (Ferreira and Freitas, 2020a). In this summary paper, we present the results of the 1st edition of the NLPS task, providing a description of the evaluation data, and the participating systems. Additionally, we perform a detailed analysis of the results, evaluating various aspects involved in mathematical language processing and multi-hop inference. The best-performing system achieved a MAP of 15.39, improving the performance of a TF-IDF baseline by approximately 3.0 MAP.
Effects of distraction on taste-related neural processing: a cross-sectional fMRI study

Distracted eating is associated with increased food intake and overweight. However, the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms are unknown. To elucidate these mechanisms, 41 healthy normal-weight participants received sips of high- and low-sweet isocaloric chocolate milk, while performing a high- or low-distracting detection task during fMRI on two test days. Subsequently, we measured ad libitum food intake. As expected, a region in the primary taste cortex – located in the insula – responded more to the sweeter drink. Distraction did not affect this right insula sweetness response across the group, but did weaken sweetness-related connectivity of this region to a secondary taste region in the right orbitofrontal cortex. Moreover, distraction-related attenuation of taste processing in the insula predicted increased subsequent ad libitum food intake after distraction between subjects. These results reveal a previously unknown mechanism explaining how distraction during consumption attenuates neural taste processing and increases food intake. The study was preregistered at https://osf.io/vxdhg/register/5771ca429ad5a1020de2872e? view_only=e3207cd6567f41f0a1505e343a64b5aa.
Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Isolates from Endotracheal Aspirate of Ventilated Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Respiratory infections among critically ill Patient are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Mechanically ventilated patients are at a high risk of acquiring respiratory infections due to complex interplay between the endotracheal tube, host immunity and virulence of invading bacteria. Irrational use of antibiotics increases the emergence of drug – resistant bacteria. Objectives: The aim of study was to investigate the bacterial isolates in the endotracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated patients in ICU and see the antimicrobial resistance pattern of bacterial isolates. Methods: Analysis of E.T aspirates of 459 patients over a period of 1 year (Aug 14 to Aug 15) was done. Aspirates were cultured on Blood and MacConkey agar isolation and identification was done using conventional techniques and biochemical reactions. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. Results: Out of 459 Samples 365 was found to be positive. Acinetobacter sp (44.65%) was the most common isolate followed by Klebsiella sp (18.63%), Pseudomonas sp (11.23%), Candida (10.46%), Escherichia Coli (7.94%), COPS (3.28%), CONS (2.46%), Enterococci (0.82%), and Citrobacter (0.54%). The gram-negative bacilli were mostly sensitive to Tigecycline, Colistin, Imipenem, Meropenem, Amikacin and Piperacillin/Tazobactam. Gram positive Cocci were mostly sensitive to Vancomycin, Linezolid and Gentamicin. Conclusion: The isolation and antimicrobial resistance pattern of the microorganisms is necessary for their effective management. Endotracheal intubation is one of the major risk factors in causing iatrogenic infections to patients. A local antibiogram for each hospital, based on bacteriological patterns and susceptibility is essential to initiate empirical therapy.
Efficacy of Herbal Control of the Yeasts Isolated from Autistic Children

Autistic children were reported to have gastrointestinal problems more frequent and severe than in normal children. The observation that antifungal medications improve autism behavior, made us aims to investigate their intestinal colonization with yeasts, the risk of yeast overgrowth in autistic behavior and evaluation of the antifungal activity of some plant extracts and essential oils on yeasts isolated from autistic children in vitro, 25 cases diagnosed as autistic children were taken as test group and 10 normal children were considered as a control group. Isolated yeasts from autistic children were identified and tested to be inhibited growth by some essential oils and plant extracts through agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined to the clove extract. This study indicated that heavy growth of yeasts in stool culture among autistic children is common features without considering level of autism severity; Clove oil and extract have considerable antifungal activity against isolated yeasts.
NARC – Norwegian Anaphora Resolution Corpus

We present the Norwegian Anaphora Resolution Corpus (NARC), the first publicly available corpus annotated with anaphoric relations between noun phrases for Norwegian. The paper describes the annotated data for 326 documents in Norwegian Bokmål, together with inter-annotator agreement and discussions of relevant statistics. We also present preliminary modelling results which are comparable to existing corpora for other languages, and discuss relevant problems in relation to both modelling and the annotations themselves.
All male nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry nursing in net cages at haor of Sunamganj, Bangladesh

Nile tilapia (Oreochromisniloticus) of average 2.08 ± 0.06 to 2.14 ± 0.19 g fry nursed in nine-floating net-cages of 3 × 3 × 1.5 m in highstocking densitiesof 600, 800 and 1000 fry m–3 densities in triplicate. The fish were hand-fed a commercial tilapia floating feed at a rate of 5 to 30% of their body weight thrice daily. The final mean weight of tilapia ranged 15.13 ± 0.28 to 24.10 ± 0.35 g with the mean daily weight gain of 0.21 ± 0.11 to 0.38 ± 0.05 g/day. The low stocking density of 600 fry m–3 had significant higher mean weight, daily growth rate and specific growth rate than did the higher density treatment of 1000 fry m–3.The food conversion ratio were (1.46 to 2.30) significantly affected by stocking density (p<0.05). Moreover, the net profit (BDT 1262 ± 85 - 2152 ± 55) showeda significant difference with increasing stocking density (p < 0.05). The growth of nursing fry was found to be density dependent. However, survival rates were found high in all treatments and were not affected by density. But, higher gross yield was observed at the highest density. The results of this study has clearly demonstrated that the higher density (800and1000 fry m–3) could be more profitable for tilapia cages than the lower density (600fry m–3) in terms of cost effectiveness and to meet the demand for large scale fish production. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(1): 149-158, 2019
Investigation of English to Hindi Multimodal Neural Machine Translation using Transliteration-based Phrase Pairs Augmentation

Machine translation translates one natural language to another, a well-defined natural language processing task. Neural machine translation (NMT) is a widely accepted machine translation approach, but it requires a sufficient amount of training data, which is a challenging issue for low-resource pair translation. Moreover, the multimodal concept utilizes text and visual features to improve low-resource pair translation. WAT2022 (Workshop on Asian Translation 2022) organizes (hosted by the COLING 2022) English to Hindi multimodal translation task where we have participated as a team named CNLP-NITS-PP in two tracks: 1) text-only and 2) multimodal translation. Herein, we have proposed a transliteration-based phrase pairs augmentation approach, which shows improvement in the multimodal translation task. We have attained the second best results on the challenge test set for English to Hindi multimodal translation with BLEU score of 39.30, and a RIBES score of 0.791468.
KU_ED at SocialDisNER: Extracting Disease Mentions in Tweets Written in Spanish

This paper describes our system developed for the Social Media Mining for Health (SMM4H) 2022 SocialDisNER task. We used several types of pre-trained language models, which are trained on Spanish biomedical literature or Spanish Tweets. We showed the difference in performance depending on the quality of the tokenization as well as introducing silver standard annotations when training the model. Our model obtained a strict F1 of 80.3% on the test set, which is an improvement of +12.8% F1 (24.6 std) over the average results across all submissions to the SocialDisNER challenge.
Modification of ileal proteome in growing pigs by dietary supplementation with inulin or dried chicory root

Recently, numerous plant-based preparations have been used for health promotion or disease prevention in humans and animals. Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is one of the attractive plants that contain various nutraceutics. Inulin-type fructans (ITFs) are the main group of health-improving substances of this plant and constitute approximately 63% of dried chicory root powder (Gałązka, 2002). Purified ITFs are classified as soluble fibre fraction with prebiotic properties, which means that they are carbohydrates resistant to hydrolysis by mammalian enzymes, but are degraded by the symbiotic microbiota and exert positive effects on the host (Gibson et al., 2017). ABSTRACT. Recently, numerous plant-based preparations have been used for health promotion or disease prevention in animals. Chicory is one of the plants that contain various nutraceutics, mainly inulin type fructans (ITFs) showing prebiotic character. In pigs, a significant proportion of ITFs is fermented in the distal part of the small intestine to lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Previous studies have shown that SCFAs are involved in structural rearrangement of the intestinal epithelial mucosa and stimulate intestinal barrier assembly. These changes should be accompanied by a modification of enterocyte protein composition and abundance. Thus, we hypothesized that ITFs, due to their direct or indirect effect, can modify ileal proteome. The experiment was performed on 24 castrated male pigs (PIC × Penarlan P76) assigned to 3 groups (n = 8) fed cereal-based diets: control or experimental: supplemented with 4% of dried chicory root or with 2% of inulin. Mucosa proteins were separated using two-dimensional electrophoresis, followed by the identification of statistically valid proteins with the aid of Matrix Associated Laser Desorption Ionization – Time of Flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Experimental diets significantly altered expression of proteins involved in: glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, biosynthesis of amino acids, cytoskeleton rearrangement, protein synthesis and processing, cell proliferation and differentiation, and iron absorption. Changes in the expression of proteins associated with energetic metabolism, cell proliferation and cytoskeleton rearrangement may suggest an impact of dried chicory root on the functional maturation of the ileal mucosa. Additionally, changes in transferrin abundance suggest the significance of chicory root and inulin supplementation for intestinal iron absorption. Received: 9 January 2019 Revised: 13 March 2019 Accepted: 31 May 2019
Bacterial Virulence Regulation and Targets of CD8+ T Cell Immunity During Listeria monocytogenes Infection

Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is an intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes a severe invasive disease in humans. Upon infection, Lm must sense its presence within a host and upregulate bacterial genes necessary for productive infection. One of the Lm factors involved in this response is VirR, the response regulator component of a two-component regulatory system. VirR is necessary for in vivo virulence and Lm innate resistance to antimicrobial peptides. We found VirR function depends on the presence of an ABC-transporter that we have named VirAB. Deletion of virAB led to a decrease in transcription of VirR-regulated genes. The ΔvirAB mutant also exhibited similar defects in intracellular spread and in vivo virulence to a ΔvirR strain. To investigate the role of VirAB in antimicrobial resistance, we determined the sensitivity of ΔvirAB bacteria to nisin and bacitracin. We found that expression of VirAB was necessary for nisin resistance, but not resistance to bacitracin. We propose that VirAB is a sensor required for VirR signaling during host infection and exposure to nisin. Since exposure to serum and blood has been shown to upregulate virulence genes in Lm, we performed a transposon mutagenesis screen to identify genes involved in Lm serum sensing. The genes identified from this screen included virR, virA, and the VirR-regulated operon dltABCD. We show that VirR and DltABCD are required for the upregulation of the principle Lm virulence determinants LLO and ActA in response to growth in serum, and that this induction primarily takes place post-transcriptionally. Clearance of Lm infection is primarily mediated by CD8 T cells. Of the thousands of potential T cell antigens produced by Lm, protective CD8 T cells appear to target only a few
To study the correlation of clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological features of clinically suspected macular amyloidosis

Background: Macular amyloidosis is a common acquired hyperpigmented disorder seen predominantly in women involving the extremities and upper back which is cosmetically displeasing and may amount to emotional stress. It clinically presents as ill-defined hyperpigmented macules which gradually coalesce to form symmetric patches with characteristic rippled pattern. Objectives: To study the correlation of clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological features in patients with clinically suspected macular amyloidosis. Materials & Methods: A total of 50 patients with clinically suspected macular amyloidosis were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. A detailed history, cutaneous examination and dermoscopic patterns were documented. A punch biopsy was taken from the site where dermoscopic examination was done and stained with a) Hematoxylin & Eosin examined under light microscope b) Congo red stain observed under polarized microscope for amyloid deposits. Results: Out of 50 patients with clinically suspected macular amyloidosis, 41 were females and 9 were males with male to female ratio being 1:4.5. The age ranged between 20 to 49 years with mean age of 27.64 years. Pumice stone (42%) was the most common abrasive material used for bathing. Hyperpigmentation in rippled pattern (72%) was the commonest morphological pattern seen. Extensor aspect of the upper limbs and upper back (46%) were the commonest sites of involvement. On dermoscopy, majority revealed a central brown hub (38%)/ white hub (18%) with surrounding radiating streaks of pigmentation. Majority of patients (76%) on histopathological examination showed amyloid deposits which with Congo red stain showed apple-green birefringence under polarized microscope. Conclusion: The correlation between clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological features was statistically significant (p
Effectiveness of inoculation with rumen fluid containing Synergistes jonesii to control DHP toxicity in ruminants in eastern Indonesia

The feasibility and efficacy of inoculating with rumen fluid as a method to control hydroxypyridone (DHP) toxicity in ruminants on high leucaena diets in eastern Indonesia were investigated. Rumen fluid collected from 2 buffalo identified as ‘protected’, due to low levels of DHP excretion in urine, was orally administered to animals identified as ‘unprotected’ and concentrations of urinary DHP monitored. Control animals were dosed with water only. Treatments were randomly allocated to 10 recipient animals: 3 goats and 7 cattle. All animals were fed a diet containing fresh-cut 100% leucaena during the 18-day study period. Measurement of urinary DHP via colorimetric analysis commenced 8 days prior to animals being drenched with rumen fluid or water and continued for 10 days afterwards. Urinary DHP levels in animals that received the inoculum did not differ from those in the control group 10 days post-inoculation (mean 425 mg DHP/L; P = 0.50). Unexpectedly, DHP levels in all animals (rumen fluid and water) declined with time, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.12), and remained above considered safe threshold levels. These results suggest that transfer of rumen fluid to overcome leucaena toxicity in animals in eastern Indonesia may not be effective despite great care having been taken to ensure the viability of the anaerobic organisms during the inoculation process; this methodology is also not a practical solution to replicate on a commercial scale. The findings suggest that inoculation may not be necessary if animals previously naïve to leucaena are able to adapt to DHP toxicity by other means.
Plot Size Related to Numbers of Treatments and Replications, and Experimental Precision in Conilon Coffee From Clonal Seedlings of LB1

In the execution of experiments involving agricultural crops, it is essential that the researcher is able to initially establish the outline, the amount of treatments, replication and the plot sizes, to predict the physical space and waste of material. The planning is not always easy due to the lack of research pointing out the adequate plot size, especially in experiments throughout seedlings stage. The objective of this work was to determine the adequate plot size for experiments with conilon coffee clone LB1 seedlings. Fort this Hatheway’s suggested methodology was used, in which the coefficient values of variation and the heterogeneity index were obtained through bootstrap simulation with replications. The findings emphasized that in the experiments involving the conilon coffee tree LB1 manufactured in bags, with the delineation in randomized blocks, when the evaluation of destructive characteristics require a larger experimental plot size than when characteristics are non-destructive, considering the same margin error. In the installation of experiments with conilon coffee tree LB1 clone, in randomized blocks with 7 to 40 treatments and three replications, plots holding nine seedlings are enough to identify significant differences between average of treatments of non-destructive kinds to 5% of prospects and variation between the average of treatments 30% of overall experimental average. However, for destructive characteristics in randomized blocks with 7 to 40 treatments in three replications, plots holding 14 seedlings are enough to identify significant differences between treatment averages to 5% of prospects and variation between average treatments 30% of overall experimental average.
Old Dogs Can Learn to Like New Tricks: One Instructor’s Change in Attitude to Online Instruction from 2009-2017

This qualititative case study examined a veteran instructor’s change in attitude about university online instruction. After a short review of the literature and explanation of the project, researchers conducted a content analysis of an instructor’s annual self-reports about his online teaching of a graduate course in the social sciences. The self –reports were written between 2009 and 2017. The researchers also examined students’ end-of-semester evaluation scores about the course and instructor. Results suggest that the instructor began online teaching with a mixed attitude. After four years of teaching the online course (delivered once each spring) the instructor reported more about content issues and less about online delivery. In the final the period (2016-17) the reseachers found that the instructor was invested fully in online delivery. Although the study is not generalizable, its results suggest that instructors who stay with an online system over an extended period of time may gain more confidence in the efficacy of online delivery. The findings complement previous findings in the literature about faculty attiudes toward technology use in instruction.
Peatland Hydrological Dynamics as A Driver of Landscape Connectivity and Fire Activity in the Boreal Plain of Canada

Drought is usually the precursor to large wildfires in northwestern boreal Canada, a region with both large wildfire potential and extensive peatland cover. Fire is a contagious process, and given weather conducive to burning, wildfires may be naturally limited by the connectivity of fuels and the connectivity of landscapes such as peatlands. Boreal peatlands fragment landscapes when wet and connect them when dry. The aim of this paper is to construct a framework by which the hydrological dynamics of boreal peatlands can be incorporated into standard wildfire likelihood models, in this case the Canadian Burn-P3 model. We computed hydrologically dynamic vegetation cover for peatlands (37% of the study area) on a real landscape in the Canadian boreal plain, corresponding to varying water table levels representing wet, moderate, and severely dry fuel moisture and hydrological conditions. Despite constant atmospheric drivers of fire spread (air temperature, humidity, and wind speed) between drought scenarios, fire activity increased 6-fold in moderate drought relative to a low drought baseline; severe (1 in 40 years) drought scenarios drove fires into previously fire-restrictive environments. Fire size increased 5-fold during moderate drought conditions and a further 20%–25% during severe drought. Future climate change is projected to lead to an increase in the incidence of severe drought in boreal forests, leading to increases in burned area due to increasing fire frequency and size where peatlands are most abundant. Future climate change in regions where peatlands have historically acted as important barriers to fire spread may amplify ongoing increases in fire activity already observed in Western North American forests.