Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship between exercise tolerance and a single rate of perceived exertion as modified by training among older male and female subjects

Most testing and training studies make objective measurements of responses to exercise by means of a wide range of physiological parameters of varying degrees of sophistication. However, rarely do such studies take as their central theme how the individual feels in response to a test or to exercise, before and after training. Some studies even conclude that a period of training has had no measurable effects on their subjects because the range of measurements made before and after training was unchanged -yet the subjects report that they felt better and could cope with exercise more effectively. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to describe a series of studies which examined the physiological responses to exercise of middle-aged subjects with the emphasis placed on their subjective reaction to that exercise before and after training. Rather than employ a battery of psychological tests to assess such reactions the simple, but effective, expediency of using a single Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) was adopted [continued]…
Caring without limits? : Sufferers of Dementia/Alzheimer's disease : A study of their carers

This Report describes the findings obtained from a nationwide study of carers who are looking after a particular group of elderly people - those suffering from Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia. The focus of the study is on the carers, on their experiences and perceptions of the caring role under these particular circumstances and on their primary needs and concerns. The study seeks to illustrate the lives of the carers and to identify and then discuss the policy issues arising from the findings. The experiences of the carers are explored within a framework developed in a previous study which views caregiving as a process with different stages: the decision to become a carer; becoming a carer; daily carrying out of caring tasks; review of caring role; and termination of caring role. Based on this framework the Report described who the carers are and how they happened to become the carers. The nature of the disabilities, symptoms and problem behaviours manifested by the dementia sufferers being cared for are described along with the extent of dependency exhibited. The Report outlines the kinds of tasks involved in the daily caring routine for a dependent person with dementia and explores the elements of caring most frequently experienced as problematic by the carers. The level of support - both in practical and emotional terms - which the carers receive from statutory and informal sources is outlined and the perceived primary needs of the carers and the services needed to address these needs are identified. The Report explores the particular stresses and strains involved in caring for a dementia sufferer and the impact which caregiving can have in different areas of the carer's life. In those cases where the dementia sufferer is now in long-term care, the Report describes the circumstances which led to institutionalisation and the ensuing consequences in the life of the carer. While the primary focus is on carers of elderly dementia sufferers, the Report also includes the findings obtained with a sub-group of carers looking after dementia sufferers who are not elderly. The Report explores the particular nature of caring for this latter group and compares the stresses, strains and needs involved when the dementia sufferer is elderly and when s/he is in a younger age-bracket. The study represents a contribution to the public debate on community care of dementia sufferers and provides data relevant to the question of how carers may be enabled to continue caring without undue cost to the quality of their own lives.
PENGARUH BUKU SAKU GIZI TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN GIZI PADA ANAK KELAS 5 MUHAMMADIYAH DADAPAN DESA WONOKERTO KECAMATAN TURI KABUPATEN SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA

Background :Nutrition education is very important given since entering primary school for chil-dren have good nutrition knowledge level. The level of nutrition knowledge a person will influ-ence the attitudes and behavior in selecting foods that will ultimately affect the nutritional state of the individual concerned. Nutrition pocket book is one of the methods of health education in the form of print media that can provide information about nutrition and to increase nutrition knowledge in children, with increased knowledge of nutrition is expected to prevent diseases caused by malnutrition. This study aims to determine the effect of nutrition on the pocket book on child nutrition knowledge level of grade 5 elementary school Muhammadiyah Dadapan Vil-lage District Wonokerto Turi Sleman Yogyakarta Method: Type of research is quasi Exsperiment with pre test and post test one group design. The samples were grade 5 students Muhammadiyah Dadapan Village Elementary School Dis-trict Wonokerto Turi Sleman Yogyakarta, which numbered 30 students, using primary data. Measurement of knowledge conducted using questionnaires before and after the pocket book. Data analysis using Paired Sample T-Test Results: There is increased knowledge about nutrition in children 5th grade elementary school Muhammadiyah Dadapan Village District Wonokerto Turi Sleman Yogyakarta with an average value, it is known that the mean value before it is given a pocket book and the mean is given after each pocket book for 71.33 and 91.07. Mean shows the average difference before and after the administration of a paperback book. Significant value Sig (2-tailed) (0.000) -16.646 (does not include item 1). The probability or pos-sibility of true hypotheses is small so Ho is rejected, it states that there is a difference of mean between before and after given a pocket book, pocket book on nutrition so that gives the effect of nutrition knowledge of elementary school children grades 5 Muhammadiyah Dadapan Wonokerto In the village of Turi Sleman District, Yogyakarta. Conclusion: The Pocket Book of Nutrition have a significant influence on the increased knowl-edge of nutrition in children 5th grade elementary school Muhammadiyah Village Dadapan Wonokerto Turi Sleman District, Yogyakarta. Keywords: pocket book of nutrition, Nutrition Knowledge Levels, Nutrition in Children
Efecto de la edad en una tarea de planificación y organización ("pirámide de México") en escolares

Objetivo. Conocer los cambios relacionados con la edad en una tarea de planificacion y organizacion, como componentes de las funciones ejecutivas. Sujetos y metodos. Se analizo la ejecucion en la �piramide de Mexico� de la evaluacion neuropsicologica infantil en 239 escolares de Mexico y Colombia de 5 a 16 anos de edad, distribuidos en seis grupos. Se utilizaron cinco medidas: numero de aciertos, numero de movimientos y tiempo de ejecucion en los disenos correctos, numero de aciertos y tiempo de ejecucion en los disenos correctos realizados con el minimo de movimientos. Resultados. Se observo un efecto de la edad sobre las cinco medidas. En comparacion con los otros grupos, los ninos de 5 a 6 anos tienen una menor cantidad de disenos correctos; los de 5 a 8 anos requieren mayor numero de movimientos. El tiempo de ejecucion mostro un mayor numero de diferencias intragrupales. El analisis por ensayo revelo que el grado de dificultad se relaciona con la cantidad de movimientos y lo novedoso de las reglas. Conclusiones. Ademas del numero de aciertos y de movimientos invertidos para lograr cada acierto, el tiempo de ejecucion es un indicador util del desarrollo de estas funciones, dado que la rapidez en la ejecucion es la que marca diferencias mayores entre los ninos. Nuestros resultados apoyan la existencia de un desarrollo acelerado de las funciones de planificacion y organizacion durante los primeros anos de la etapa escolar, que sigue un curso mas lento en la adolescencia.
The career aspirations and other characteristics of Australian para-professional engineering students

During 2010 more than 300 students currently studying a para-professional engineering course at an Australian institution completed an online questionnaire about their educational and work experiences, and their career aspirations. Students from vocational educational and training institutions, universities and two dual-sector institutions across Australia were invited to participate in the study. This paper reports on a preliminary analysis of some of the raw data from 327 engineering students, 40% of whom are studying an Associate Degree course, 45% an Advanced Diploma, and 15% a Diploma. The key finding was that only 16% of the respondents intend to pursue a career as an Engineering Associate, with 75% indicating that they plan to undertake further studies, and 51% reporting that they have a career goal to become a Professional Engineer. These unexpected results challenge a long-held assumption that students in Australian Advanced Diploma and Associate Degree programs will pursue careers as Engineering Associates.
The consistency of durative relations

Few experiments have examined how people reason about durative relations, e.g., "during". Such relations pose challenges to present theories of reasoning, but many researchers argue that people simulate a mental timeline when they think about sequences of events. A recent theory posits that to mentally simulate durative relations, reasoners do not represent all of the time points across which an event might endure. Instead, they construct discrete tokens that stand in place of the beginnings and endings of those events. The theory predicts that when reasoners need to build multiple simulations to solve a reasoning problem, they should be more prone to error. To test the theory, an experiment provided participants with sets of premises describing durative relations; they assessed whether the sets were consistent or inconsistent. The results of the experiment validated the theory's prediction. We conclude by situating the study in recent work on temporal thinking.
Experimental infection and protection against Plasmodium falciparum malaria in humans

Plasmodium falciparum Apical Membrane Antigen 1 (PfAMA1) is a candidate vaccine antigen expressed by merozoites and sporozoites. It plays a key role in red blood cell and hepatocyte invasion that can be blocked by antibodies. We assessed the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant PfAMA1 in a doseescalating, phase Ia trial. PfAMA1 FVO strain, produced in Pichia pastoris, was reconstituted at 10 μg and 50 μg doses with three different adjuvants, AlhydrogelTM, Montanide ISA720 and AS02 Adjuvant System. Six randomised groups of healthy male volunteers, 8-10 volunteers each, were scheduled to receive three immunisations at 4-week intervals. Safety and immunogenicity data were collected over one year. Transient pain was the predominant injection site reaction (80-100%). Induration occurred in the Montanide 50 μg group, resulting in a sterile abscess in two volunteers. Systemic adverse events occurred mainly in the AS02 groups lasting for 1-2 days. Erythema was observed in 22% of Montanide and 59% of AS02 group volunteers. After the second dose, six volunteers in the AS02 group and one in the Montanide group who reported grade 3 erythema (>50mm) were withdrawn as they met the stopping criteria. All adverse events resolved. There were no vaccine-related serious adverse events. Humoral responses were highest in the AS02 groups. Antibodies showed activity in an in vitro growth inhibition assay up to 80%. Upon stimulation with the vaccine, peripheral mononuclear cells from all groups proliferated and secreted IFNγ and IL-5 cytokines. In conclusion, all formulations showed distinct reactogenicity profiles. All formulations with PfAMA1 were immunogenic and induced functional antibodies. Safety and Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Plasmodium falciparum AMA1 Malaria vaccine Adjuvanted with Alhydrogel TM, Montanide ISA 720 or AS02 33
Lights and shadows in Physics teaching. Contributions of an action research experience

The aim of this paper is to find a teacher’s concerns, difficulties and knowledge construction when he begins to be part of the field of science education research. Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) model and the Content Representation instrument (CoRe) offer a significant theoretical and methodological framework to carry out this kind of study using action-research perspective. Metacognitive knowledge, critical thinking and reflection were used to describe the process and changes of the teacher. Based on a particular experience carried out for the teaching of spectroscopy in secondary school level Physics lessons, a reflection is raised on the practice itself aimed at transforming the teaching task into an object of action - research for the teacher. The processes involved in the selection of the topic, the basis for the design and implementation of the practical activity and the observations of the teacher are described. The results have shown the influence of the teacher intentions and knowledge on his PCK development by means of searching for the best way to design the class for particular students in a particular context. These are a first step to lighten the shadows on the journey to become a Physics education researcher.
The reaction of young secondary pupils to their primary French

Current theories of curriculum development emphasise the need for clearly defined objectives. The teaching of Primary French was shown to have been largely lacking in such objectives. Yet the importance of favourable attitudes emerged in relation to both the teaching of French and to the specific goals of British Primary Education. Against such a background the study set out to evaluate the extent to which such favourable attitudes towards French were being fostered in primary schools. Two areas - County Durham and the London Borough of Havering were selected to be studied in depth and the development and the nature of the provision of Primary French in these areas were explored. A Likert-type attitude scale was constructed as part of a questionnaire administered to over 8,700 first year pupils in the two areas, immediately upon entry into their secondary schools. The aim was to assess the reactions of the children towards the learning of languages and Primary French in particular, as well as towards France and the French people. The responses of children with past experience of Primary French were compared with those of children without French, as well as the responses of boys with girls. An attempt was made to link the attitude scale scores with features of the primary school experience of the children and also with their school subject preferences. A 'cluster analysis' technique was used to identify six 'types' of reaction in Durham and five in Havering. It was found, within the limitations of the samples involved, that Primary French did not improve the children's attitudes as expressed on the questionnaire in the areas studied and that girls displayed more favourable attitudes than boys. In addition to other, associated conclusions, certain organisational proposals were put forward concerning primary-secondary liaison in French.
Students with psychiatric disabilities studying at higher education

With the advent of improved psychiatric medication, there has been a phenomenal increase of students with psychiatric disabilities studying at higher education in North America. Similarly in Malaysia, and unaware to many, there has been a growing number of such a population. The aim of this research was to determine the demographic characteristics of students with psychiatric disabilities studying at higher education in Johore, and their level of performance at four related variables (coping difficulties, symptomatology, self-esteem and academic achievement). The survey was conducted at Sultanah Aminah Hospital and Permai Hospital, Johore. (The pilot study was done in Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching.) Data from a sample of 30 respondents was collected using a questionnaire and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v. 13. Besides reporting descriptive statistics on demographic characteristics, their level of coping difficulties at school was found to be low, illness symptoms low, self-esteem high and academic achievement at a good GPA mean of 3.03 (out of a 4 point system). The findings imply coping difficulties experienced, that they do not pose a danger, the role change to being a â€œstudentâ€? assisted recovery and the findings also imply the capability to pursue educational goals. Recommendations are thus made to professionals and co-workers, as well as policy makers (the latter regarding the proposed Persons with Disabilities Act 2002).
Mature Audiences: Television in the Lives of Elders

In Mature Audiences, Karen Riggs challenges traditional ideas about older viewers as passive, vulnerable audiences for television. She tells the stories of seventy elder Americans who have worked television into their lives in specific and practical ways. In particular, Riggs studies older women fans of Murder, She Wrote, the impact of news and public affairs programming in an affluent retirement community, the efforts of several older African Americans to produce and telecast their own public-access shows, and the role of television in the daily lives of minority elders, including gays, American Indians, and immigrants from Russia and Laos. Although television's own images of the elderly are nearly nonexistent or frequently negative, this collection of interviews provides a portrait of viewers who are often deliberate, thoughtful, and seasoned in their responses to questions about the role of television in their daily lives.
Rural Banditry, Regional Security and Integration in West Africa

Rural banditry is increasingly becoming one of the worst forms of domestic insurgencies affecting West African sub-region. The prevalence and severity of rural banditry has contributed to the rising increase of regional insecurity with a potential threat on regional integration of West Africa. With reference to Nigeria, this paper examines the nature and dynamics of rural banditry and its overall international security implications as well as describe how it inputs into West African states efforts towards regional security and integration. Using secondary sources of data, the study revealed that rural banditry is a resource-based conflict compounded by elite conspiracy, the primitive quest for wealth and general poverty situation which affected the people of West Africa. It has become a lucrative business accentuated by bad governance, political clientelism, the gradual disappearance of grazing lands and routes, urbanization, climate change, and absence of effective conflict resolution mechanisms. The paper revealed that rural banditry has gradually evolved into a sub-regional conflict with socio-economic and political implications on efforts towards West African security and integration. The study found that some of the implications of rural banditry with consequences on regional integration of West African include radicalization of youth, increase rate of youth unemployment and their subsequent involvement in illicit gun and narcotic drug trade across the sub-region, the emergence of a network of miscreants groups, gradual collapse of agricultural and livestock development with effects on income, trade and commerce, proliferation of small firearms and light weapons, bastardization of traditional institutions and hostile ethnic and tribal relations among ethnic groups, illegal migration and refugee problems across the sub-region as well as proliferation and networking of domestic insurgency groups threatening regional peace and stability of the sub-region. In this regard, the paper recommends a comprehensive review of regional security and integration initiatives, regional security and intelligence cooperation among security agencies of ECOWAS countries, increase surveillance and border security, awareness creation and dialogue among local communities as some of the ways of reducing the scourge of rural banditry across West African sub-region.
An analysis of students’ literacy ability in mathematics teaching with realistic mathematics education based on lesson study for learning community

The aims of this research is to explore students’ literation abilities descriptively and teacher’s response in Math instruction of lesson study for learning community based realistic mathematics education. Literation ability is the ability of the individual to form, use, and interpret mathematics in various contexts. Realistic mathematics education aims to present the real world context to students. The research subjects were 29 seventh grade students of MTs Ma’arif Ambulu. The descriptive approach of qualitative method becomes a choice to understand literation ability and teachers’ response. Data collection was done by observation, PISA test questions, student and teacher interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was using the theory of induction and reduction. The results of the research showed that the students were positively responding to this approach. The ratios of mathematical literacy ability based on the total students respectively were 44.83% on level 4 and 31.03% on level 5, and 24.14% on level 3. The teacher’s response showed that this approach could change the atmosphere to be more active between the teacher and the students as well as the students with their fellow. The teacher could optimize his role; recognize his weakness through reflection with the team so that he had the opportunity to prepare the next strategy to improve quality.
Incidence of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Children in Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan

ackground: Leukemia is the most common malignancy in childhood and about 15 percent of childhood leukemia cases are acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). It is reported in more than 13,000 people newly diagnosed each year. The overall survival rate has reached a plateau at approximately 60%, suggesting that further intensification of therapy per se will not substantially improve survival rates. Methods: This study was retrospective with all the children who came to Division Hematology-Oncology Haji Adam Malik Hospital during January 2001 December 2006 with diagnosis Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) were enrolled to this study. The diagnosis of AML was established based on morphology. There were 45 children meet the criteria. Results: in our study there were 25 boys and 20 girls. Age range 1-14 years (median age 9 yrs). Most patient were in group age more than 10 years old, followed by group age 1-5 and 5-10 years as much as 13 cases each. There were 14 children suffered from severe malnutrition, 13 mild malnutrition and 13 moderate malnutrition. There were total of 39 patient had chemotherapy, and 6 patient refused to have chemotherapy with one and another reason. Only 6 from 45 were survival, death in 20 cases mostly in induction phase 10 cases, consolidation 7 cases and maintenance 3 cases. There were 19 cases who refused to follow the chemotherapy protocol. Conclusion: AML is remain a major problem in developing countries. Incidence may vary due to the limitation of diagnostic tool and prognosis was still bad.
Bridging the Gap: Sex Education in Quebec’s English Secondary Schools

The purpose of this study was to describe and evaluate Ministere de l'Education, du Loisir et du Sport (MELS) sex education program from the perspective of teachers in Quebec’s English language high schools. Six teachers from four different schools and three different school boards were interviewed. The teachers spoke about incidents that involved sex education, teenage sexual activity and sexuality related matters that have taken place throughout their careers. The results suggest that there is a definite gap between what MELS expects with regards to sex education and classroom actualities. In particular, the teachers who participated felt that they were ill prepared to teach sex education as they had received little to no training. Furthermore, some were unaware of MELS’ expectations.