Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Weighted dynamic finger in binary search trees

It is shown that the online binary search tree data structure GreedyASS performs asymptotically as well on a sufficiently long sequence of searches as any static binary search tree where each search begins from the previous search (rather than the root). This bound is known to be equivalent to assigning each item i in the search tree a positive weight wi and bounding the search cost of an item in the search sequence s1, . , sm by O(1 + log[EQUATION]) amortized. This result is the strongest finger-type bound to be proven for binary search trees. By setting the weights to be equal, one observes that our bound implies the dynamic finger bound. Compared to the previous proof of the dynamic finger bound for Splay trees, our result is significantly shorter, stronger, simpler, and has reasonable constants.
Sensitivity of RT-PCR method in samples shown to be positive for Zika virus by RT-qPCR in vector competence studies

Abstract Tissue samples from mosquitoes artificially infected with Zika virus and shown to be positive by RT-qPCR were reexamined by RT-PCR. Using these samples we compared the two methods employed in virus RNA detection for vector competence studies. Results demonstrated that, albeit useful, RT-PCR gave false negatives with low viral loads (< 106 RNA copies/ml).
Extractive speech summarization - from the view of decision theory

Extractive speech summarization can be thought of as a decision-making process where the summarizer attempts to select a subset of informative sentences from the original document. Meanwhile, a sentence being selected as part of a summary is typically determined by three primary factors: significance, relevance and redundancy. To meet these specifications, we recently presented a novel probabilistic framework stemming from the Bayes decision theory for extractive speech summarization. It not only inherits the merits of several existing summarization techniques but also provides a flexible mechanism to render the redundancy and coherence relationships among sentences and between sentences and the whole document, respectively. In this paper, we propose several new approaches to the ranking strategy and modeling paradigm involved in such a framework. All experiments reported were carried out on a broadcast news speech summarization task; very promising results were demonstrated.
Coccidian parasites of birds of the avian order Columbiformes with a description of two new species of Eimeria

Summary Two new species of coccidia, Eimeria gourai sp. nov. from the Victoria crowned pigeon (Goura victoria Fraser) and Eimeria duculai sp.nov. from the Torres Strait imperial pigeon (Ducula spilorrhoa Gray) have been described. Eimeria gourai oocysts are spherical to sub-spherical in shape, measure 20·0 (19·0–22·0) × 20·0 (18·0–21·0) μm and are devoid of micropyle and oocyst residuum. Elongate sporocysts are 12·0 × 5·5 μm, and contain a granular residuum. Eimeria duculai oocysts are broadly ovoid with an inconspicuous micropyle at the narrower end. They are 28·0 (26·0–31·0) × 25·0 (23·0–27·0) μm in size, without residuum but with a membrane-bound polar granule. The elongate sporocysts are 15·5 × 7·2 μm, with prominent Stieda body and granular, membrane-bound residuum. The morphological characteristics of the known coccidian oocysts from birds of the avian order Columbiformes are reviewed.
Understanding sickness presenteeism through the experience of immigrant workers in a context of economic crisis.

BACKGROUND Previous economic recessions show that immigrant workers may experience longer periods of unemployment, a situation that may lead employees to presenteeism, the act of working in spite of a health problem. This study explored perceptions about the factors that lead to presenteeism in immigrant workers considering the context of economic crisis. METHODS Six focus group discussions were held (February 2012), with men and women from Colombia, Ecuador, and Morocco (n=44) living in Spain and selected by theoretical sample. A qualitative content analysis was performed. RESULTS Four categories were identified as factors that influence the occurrence of presenteeism in a context of economic crisis: poor employment conditions, fear of unemployment, employer/employee relationship, and difficulties in finding temporary replacement workers. Furthermore, musculoskeletal, respiratory, and mental problems were related to presenteeism. CONCLUSIONS It is important to develop strategies to protect workers from negative working conditions that are associated with deterioration of health.
Rapid evolution of male-biased gene expression in Drosophila

A number of genes associated with sexual traits and reproduction evolve at the sequence level faster than the majority of genes coding for non-sex-related traits. Whole genome analyses allow this observation to be extended beyond the limited set of genes that have been studied thus far. We use cDNA microarrays to demonstrate that this pattern holds in Drosophila for the phenotype of gene expression as well, but in one sex only. Genes that are male-biased in their expression show more variation in relative expression levels between conspecific populations and two closely related species than do female-biased genes or genes with sexually monomorphic expression patterns. Additionally, elevated ratios of interspecific expression divergence to intraspecific expression variation among male-biased genes suggest that differences in rates of evolution may be due in part to natural selection. This finding has implications for our understanding of the importance of sexual dimorphism for speciation and rates of phenotypic evolution.
GLOBAL STAKEHOLDERS SCHEMES FOR PREVENTING BURDEN NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES, LESSON LEARNT FOR INDONESIA

In Indonesia, the burden non-communicable diseases (NCD) such as heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and stroke become a patient‟s burden because of costly, decrease quality of life and caused of premature death. The objective of this research was to collect various prevention schemes of NCD at the global level and take up lessons learnt schemes that can be developed in Indonesia. This research method used preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta analysis (PRISMA). It was conducted by tracing quantitative and qualitative research related to the prevention schemes for preventing NCD and screened by using prism flow diagram. After collected 3578 literatures from various online journal databases, it found that prevention schemes by stakeholders (government, researcher, health personnel, and patients) are done by provide early detection, develop sophisticated technological innovation and varied health education methods. The results of this study suggest to stakeholders in Indonesia to develop predictive models in preventing of NCD burden. Keywords: Non-Communicable Diseases, PRISMA, Stakeholders, Prevention
The accuracy of esophageal pressure measurements in convalescent and sick intubated infants

Assessment of the esophageal pressure technique for measuring dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) showed that accurate results were obtained in only 5 of 15 studies of sick intubated infants, whereas they were obtained in 6 of 6 studies of convalescent nonintubated infants. In sick infants, inaccuracy was due to large variations in esophageal pressure change (APes) at different esophageal depths and difficulties validating Pes using the occlusion test. Methods of assessing lung stiffness that depend on the measurement of esophageal pressure are unreliable and should not be used in sick intubated infants.
An Empirical Analysis Over Knowledge on Financial Products and Investment Choices of Urban and Rural Households

For the developing country like India, the household savings of both urban and rural sector has been considered as the major determinants of economic growth, which contributes a lion's share of the total savings of the country with a tremendous savings potential. It is essential to channelize these savings as investments which hopefully thrive towards economic growth. Financial experts believe that increasing domestic savings primarily reduces dependence on foreign capital aid to investment flow, which in turn will drive the economic growth engine. It happens only when the households have enough financial knowledge about available investment avenues to invest their income. Descriptive analyses have done to analyze the awareness level of households on different financial products and their investment preferences. The study covers Tirupur city with a sample size of 60, and the results of the study will help financial service providers found the most and least preferred financial products and to promote financial products and services.
Self field measurements by Hall sensors on the SeCRETS short sample CICC's subjected to cyclic load

An imbalance in the transport current among the strands of a Cable-in-Conduit conductors (CICC) can be associated with the change of their performance. In order to understand and improve the performance of CICC's, it is essential to study the current imbalance. This paper focuses on the study of the current imbalance in two short samples of the SeCRETS (Segregated Copper Ratio Experiment on Transient Stability) conductors subjected to a cyclic load in the SULTAN facility. The self field around the conductors was measured on four locations by 32 miniature Hall sensors for a reconstruction of the current distribution. The results of the self field measurements in the DC tests are presented and discussed.
Efficient self-assembly of human papillomavirus type 16 L1 and L1-L2 into virus-like particles

The L1 genes of two human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) isolates derived from condylomata acuminata were used to express the L1 major capsid protein in insect cells via recombinant baculoviruses. Both L1 major capsid proteins self-assembled into virus-like particles (VLP) with high efficiency and could be purified in preparative amounts on density gradients. The yield of VLP was 3 orders of magnitude higher than what has been obtained previously, using L1 derived from the prototype HPV16. DNA sequence comparison identified a single nonconserved amino acid change to be responsible for the inefficient self-assembly of the prototype L1. VLP were also obtained by expressing L1 of HPV6, HPV11, and cottontail rabbit papillomavirus, indicating that L1 from a variety of papillomaviruses has the intrinsic capacity to self-assemble into VLP. Coexpression of HPV16 L1 plus L2 by using a baculovirus double-expression vector also resulted in efficient self-assembly of VLP, and the average particle yield increased about fourfold in comparison to when L1 only was expressed. Coimmunoprecipitation of L1 and L2 and cosedimentation of the two proteins in a sucrose gradient demonstrated that L2 was incorporated into the particles. The ability to generate preparative amounts of HPV16 L1 and L1-L2 VLP may have implications for the development of a serological assay to detect anti-HPV16 virion immune responses to conformational epitopes and for immunoprophylaxis against HPV16 infection.
The effect of non-performing loans on the size of the loan portfolio in commercial banks in Kenya

x CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background to the Study. 1 1.1.1 Non-Performing Loans. 2 1.1.2 Size of the Loan Portfolio . 3 1.1.3 Effect of NPLs on Size of the Loan Portfolio . 4 1.1.4 Commercial Banks in Kenya. 5 1.2 Research Problem . 6 1.3 Research Objective . 8 1.4 Value of the Study . 8 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW. 10 2.
THE IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT BUNDLES ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA

This study demonstrated the applicability of the ability-enhancing, motivation-enhancing and empowerment-enhancing (AME) human resource management bundles in a non-Western setting like Malaysia. It also demonstrated the direct and mediated impacts of the bundles. The two mediators in this study are human capital and perceived organization support (POS). The variables of age, tenure and years of education are included as control variables. This study has been carried out on 192 managers in eight Malaysian firms. Hypotheses testing using Hayes’ PROCESS macro showed that both empowerment-enhancing HRM and ability-enhancing HRM is related positively to human capital. Both empowerment-enhancing HRM and ability-enhancing HRM have direct effects on employee performance, however the former relationship is negative and the latter positive. Only empowerment-enhancing HRM has a mediated effect on employee performance through human capital. Human capital has a direct and positive impact with employee performance. Both motivation-enhancing and empowerment-enhancing HRM has direct and positive impacts on POS. Article visualizations:
Popper and likelihood versus "Popper".

PTP is just Faith's name for the permutation test that Archie introduced in 1985 (see Legendre, 1986:137; cf. Archie, 1989). Now seldom used, the test does not even provide a reliable indication of phylogenetic structure in data (Kallersjo et al., 1992; Farris et al., 1994; Carpenter et al., 1998), and interpreting PTP as corroboration leads to multiple contradictions (Farris, 1995). Faith did not discuss any of those problems, however. Instead, he created a new one (Faith, 1999:678):
Lower numbers of erythrocytes and lower levels of hemoglobin in periodontitis patients compared to control subjects.

BACKGROUND Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is defined as the anemia occurring in chronic infections and inflammatory conditions, that is not due to marrow deficiencies or other diseases and in the presence of adequate iron stores and vitamins. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether periodontitis patients show signs of anemia. METHOD 39 patients with severe periodontitis, 71 patients with moderate periodontitis and 42 controls, all with good general health, participated in this study. The mean age of all groups was 42 years. Several red blood cell parameters were determined from peripheral blood samples. RESULTS Overall data analysis indicated that periodontitis patients have a lower hematocrit, lower numbers of erythrocytes, lower hemoglobin levels and higher erythrocyte sedimentation rates. These results were adjusted for the following possible confounders: gender, age, smoking, ethnicity and level of education. Further, more periodontitis patients (23%) than controls (7%), had hemoglobin levels below the normal reference range. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides further evidence that periodontitis has systemic effects and that periodontitis may tend towards anemia. This phenomenon may be explained by a depressed erythropoiesis.
Prognostic and predictive value of epigenetic biomarkers and clinical factors in upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

AIM We conducted this study to identify gene promoter methylation status and clinical predictors for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients. MATERIALS & METHODS Using methylation-sensitive PCR, we examined ten genes promoter methylation status in 687 UTUC patients. RESULTS A methylated promoter of three genes to predict higher tumor stage (T3 and T4), five genes to predict higher tumor grade (G3) and one gene to predict pN+ were certified in this study. Nine factors were significantly associated with poor cancer-specific survival. Six factors were considered as predictors to develop bladder recurrence after surgery. CONCLUSION Methylation occurs commonly in UTUCs, may affect carcinogenic mechanisms, and is a well predictive factor for cancer-specific survival and bladder recurrence in UTUCs.
Estimating workload using EEG spectral power and ERPs in the n-back task

Previous studies indicate that both electroencephalogram (EEG) spectral power (in particular the alpha and theta band) and event-related potentials (ERPs) (in particular the P300) can be used as a measure of mental work or memory load. We compare their ability to estimate workload level in a well-controlled task. In addition, we combine both types of measures in a single classification model to examine whether this results in higher classification accuracy than either one alone. Participants watched a sequence of visually presented letters and indicated whether or not the current letter was the same as the one (n instances) before. Workload was varied by varying n. We developed different classification models using ERP features, frequency power features or a combination (fusion). Training and testing of the models simulated an online workload estimation situation. All our ERP, power and fusion models provide classification accuracies between 80% and 90% when distinguishing between the highest and the lowest workload condition after 2 min. For 32 out of 35 participants, classification was significantly higher than chance level after 2.5 s (or one letter) as estimated by the fusion model. Differences between the models are rather small, though the fusion model performs better than the other models when only short data segments are available for estimating workload.
Serum levels of BAFF, but not APRIL, are increased after rituximab treatment in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome: data from a placebo-controlled clinical trial

B cell depletion therapy with rituximab (RTX; 2 weekly infusions of 1000 mg, premedication: 100 mg prednisolone) in primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) patients is effective in reducing subjective and objective symptoms.1 As B cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are important cytokines involved in B cell survival and activation, we assessed in pSS patients included in a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial1 the effects of RTX on serum BAFF and APRIL levels up to 48 weeks after RTX. Serum concentrations of BAFF and APRIL were measured by ELISA using kits from RD median 1277 pg/ml (range 907–3802 pg/ml)) compared with healthy controls (n=10; median 983 pg/ml (range 600–1564 pg/ml)); p<0.01; figure 1A). Also, baseline serum APRIL levels were significantly higher in pSS patients (median 15 098 pg/ml (range 1891–228 591 pg/ml)) than in healthy controls (median 1965 pg/ml (range 889–4567 pg/ml); p<0.05; …
The distribution and synthesis of DNA in two classes or rat liver nuclei during azo dye-induced hepatocarcinogenesis.

Summary Nuclei from homogenates of livers from rats fed the hepatocarcinogen 3′-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene were separated into Class N-I (hepatocyte) nuclei and class N-II (nonhepatocyte, “stromal”) nuclei by a technique described earlier. Although 80% of the DNA was associated with N-I nuclei at the beginning of the experiment, only about 25% could be recovered in the N-I fraction after 14 days of dye feeding. By the end of the experiment (42 days of continuous dye administration), the total liver DNA was approximately equally distributed between N-I and N-II nuclei. Alterations in the N-I/N-II ratio prior to 14 days occurred in the absence of increased DNA synthesis. Although there was a high degree of thymidine-methyl- 3 H-labeling of DNA of both classes of nuclei after 14 days on the dye diet, much of the labeled DNA could not be recovered from livers of rats given injections of isotope earlier in the regimen and killed after 42 days on the dye diet. These biochemical results underscore the complex nature of alterations in cellular populations occurring during early stages of azo dye-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. Further biochemical and histological studies with the “prelabeling” technique used here might be useful in establishing more accurate models of hepatocarcinogenesis.
CT diagnosis of an esophageal foreign body.

Although of proven value in the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal malignancy, computed tomography (CT) has had limited application in the evaluation of benign esophageal disease. The first case of a CT-detected esophageal foreign body is reported. The foreign body, a piece of bone present for possibly 3 years, had escaped prior detection by plain chest radiography, barium swallow, and esophagoscopy.
Effect of producing sons on maternal longevity in premodern populations.

Helle et al . ( 1) showed that producing and raising sons reduced the longevity of preindustrial Sami women, whereas daughters tended to have the opposite effect. They suggested that the life-shortening effect of sons could be attributed to higher endocrinological or physiological costs of producing sons compared with those of producing daughters, and that the life-elongating effect of raising daughters might be the outcome of daughters helping in the household of their mothers. To examine the validity of those ideas, we explored the costs of producing sons rather than daughters in the
The Patients' Adherence and Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) which are Caused by Helicobacter pylori Eradication Regimens.

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori is a major cause of upper gastrointestinal disorders. The eradication of H. pylori has been recommended for the treatment of different gastrointestinal diseases. Notwithstanding, a combination therapy is needed for Helicobacter pylori eradication, but using these medications can be the cause, the incidence risk of patients' adherence to treatment regimens reduction and probably increase risk of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRS), so, it is seem that evaluation the out come of combination therapy is need more than the past. AIM The aim of present study was to determine the patients' adherence to the treatment and the ADRs with five eradiation regimens. SETTING AND DESIGN A cross sectional study was done in a well known referral clinic of gastrointestinal disorders in Tehran, Iran. METHODS AND MATERIALS Ninety patients were evaluated the study (18 in each of the five regimens). The adherence to the treatment and the ADRs of the patients were asked during the treatment, twice, by doing telephone assays. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED The data were analyzed by using the SPSS, 17 software and the statistical significance was accepted for the P values of 0.05. RESULTS 81% of the patients had a good adherence and there was no significant difference between the types of regimens (triple or quadruple therapy) and the adherence to the treatment regimens by the patients (p=0.6). Also, we found that there was no significant relationship between the types of regimens and the sex (p=0.99), education level (p=0.99), accommodation (p=0.93), an existence of underlying disease (p=0.86) and the concurrent use other medications (p=0.93). But there was a significant relationship between the patients' age and adherence to the treatment regimens (p=0.008). The most reported ADRs belonged to gastrointestinal (GI) disorders (an abnormal taste had the most prevalence (36.6%) among the GI disorders). There was no significant relationship between the regimen type and the GI ADRs, (p=0.48). CONCLUSION The findings of this study showed that the patients' adherence to the treatment regimens and the ADRs did not have a significant relationship with the various eradication regimens for H. pylori. It seems that the type of H. pylori eradication regimen may not be an important factor in the patients' adherence to the treatment regimens and the ADRs.