Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Verification of Safety Property of Line Tracer Program using Timed Automaton Model

Recently reliability of embedded systems has become very important. Such reliability can be ensured by formal verification techniques including model checking. We study such verification technique through a real example of embedded systems, a line tracer. This paper mainly describes how to model the behavior of the line tracer in a network of timed automata, as well as experimental results of verification. Using the model, several safety properties are successfully verified with a model checker, UPPAAL. The line tracer is built with LEGOMindstorms kit. This paper also describes the implementation using LeJOS, a Java development environment for LEGO Mindstorms kit.
SURVEY ON DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES IN IMAGE INPAINTING

In image processing and computer vision we try to do the restoration with digital images, this is called image completion, image disocclusion or (digital) image inpainting. The goal of image inpainting is filling the target region in the image with visual plausible information. Filling this region with information that could have been in the image. There are several applications for image inpainting, one of these is the restoration of old images and movies by removing cracks from these images and movies. The removal of objects from images, like time stamps or a person. Another application can be image inpainting as the pre-process of other computer vision or image processing applications, an example of this is the use of image inpainting in image-based material editing. It can also be used to fill missing parts in image communication, for example image compression, lost packets retrieval and zooming. In this paper we are surveying with comparative look on different techniques on image inpainting.
Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall. Leaf Extract in Experimental Animal Models

The methanolic extract of Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall. leaf was subjected to pharmacological screening using various animal models. The extract showed anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model method and analgesic activity when tested in the acetic acid–induced writhing test in Swiss albino mice and tail-flick response tests in Swiss albino rats. The plant extract, at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, showed significant inhibition of rat paw edema at the fourth hour after carrageenan injection and peripheral as well as central analgesic activity by oral route. Therefore, the current study indicates that the methanol extract of H. antidysenterica leaf has significant anti-inflammatory and peripheral and central analgesic activity.
Letter: Crystal structure of the high-pressure monoclinic phase-II of cristobalite, SiO2

The crystal structure of the high-pressure phase-II of cristobalite has been solved by neutron diffraction (space group P21/c, a = 8.3780(11) AÊ , b = 4.6018(6) AÊ , c = 9.0568(13) AÊ , b = 124.949(7)8, at P = 3.5 GPa). This phase corresponds to a distortion of the high-temperature cubic b-phase, rather than of the ambient temperature and pressure tetragonal a-phase.
Characterization and selection of "Maracujá-do-mato" (Passiflora cincinnata mast) morphoagronomic descriptors

Abstract The present study consists of the in situ characterization and selection of minimal morphoagronomic descriptors in Passiflora cincinnata genotypes. Forty-one quantitative morphoagronomic descriptors were used, divided in “Plant and Leaf”, “Floral” and “Fruit”. Principal component analysis were used to eliminate descriptors that were less important in the study of multivariate dissimilarity among genotypes. The formation of groups was carried out using Ward’s hierarchical grouping method. The importance of the characters was estimated through the participation of the components by Singh’s method (1981) in order to verify the similarity between lower participation variables in the components. For the set of descriptors “Plant and Leaf” the characteristics that presented the greatest relative contributions were: maximum leaf width 76.1% and leaf blade length 17.2%. For the set of descriptors “Floral” the characteristics that presented the greatest relative contributions were: pedicel length 42.1%, corona tip diameter 32.6% and petal length 11.8%. For the set of descriptors “Fruit” the characteristic that presented the greatest relative contribution was: number of seeds per fruit 89.2%. From the results obtained, we can infer that from the 41 descriptors, only 15 were relevant for the evaluation of the genetic diversity among the individuals of the population. These descriptors were: titratable acidity, bract length, leaf blade length, petal length, sepal length, pedicel length, corona filament ring length, corona tip diameter, fruit longitudinal diameter, sepal width, maximum leaf width, number of fruits, number of seeds per fruit, bark weight and fruit mass.
Asperities and quasi-static slips on the subducting plate boundary east off Tohoku, NE Japan

We review recent studies on the interplate coupling and the recurrence of earthquakes along the subducting plate boundary east off northeastern (NE) Japan. Waveform inversions of a few successive earthquakes that occurred in common source areas have revealed that large slip areas of successive ruptures are in the same place (asperities) on the plate boundary. Many small earthquake sequences having similar waveforms, including an M 4.8±0.1 earthquake sequence regularly occurring with a recurrence interval of 5.35±0.53 years, have been found on the plate boundary zone. They are interpreted as caused by repeated ruptures of small asperity patches surrounded by stably sliding areas. Space-time distribution of quasi-static slip on the plate boundary was estimated from activity of these repeating earthquake sequences, which is approximately consistent with that estimated from back slip inversions of GPS data on land. These observations strongly suggest that the asperity model is applicable to the process of seismic and aseismic slip occurring on the plate boundary east off NE Japan. Three large asperities are left as unruptured patches on the plate boundary. One asperity south off Tokachi ruptured on 26 September 2003 as the M 8.0 Tokachi-oki earthquake. In the vicinity of another asperity east off Miyagi prefecture, there occurred an intermediate-depth event with M 7.1 in the subducted slab on 26 May 2003 and a shallow event with M 6.4 in the overriding plate on 26 July 2003, which might be triggered by the strong coupling at the asperity and a quasi-static slip in its surrounding area. Submitted to the SEIZE volume of Columbia University Press
SUITABILITY OF RECENT WINTER BREAD WHEAT VARIETIES FOR BAKERY PRODUCTS

Four Pakistani winter bread wheat (hard wheat) varieties (Galaxy-13, Faisalabad-08, AARI-11 and Millat-11) were evaluated at Food Technology Section, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan during the year 2017 for their suitability for different bakery products. Wheat varieties were examined for physio-chemical, functional properties and rheological behavior. Cookies and plain cakes were also prepared from these wheat varieties and tested for sensory evaluation. The Results showed that wheat variety Millat-11 had higher values for physical characters than other varieties. Mean values for 1000-kernel weight and test-weight of Millat-11 were 34.78 g and 77.30 kg hl-1, respectively. Millat-11 also topped in moisture and fibre percentage (13.0 and 1.70) while AARI-11 showed higher value for ash (0.82%), crude protein (14.96%) and crude fat (1.35%). Functional characteristics and rheological behavior were higher in wheat variety Millat-11 as compared to other varieties. Wet and dry gluten of Millat-11 were also higher i.e. 32.40% and 11.50%, respectively. Mean values for water absorption, arrival time, dough development time, and departure time and dough stability of Millat-11 were 58.40, 2.30, 7.70, 13.15 and 11.57%, respectively. Based on sensory evaluation of cookies and plain cakes, it was concluded that best quality cookies and the plain cakes can be made using wheat flour of Millat-11.
Learning Notation Graph Construction for Full-Pipeline Optical Music Recognition

Optical Music Recognition (OMR) promises great bene-ﬁts to Music Information Retrieval by reducing the costs of making sheet music available in a symbolic format. Recent advances in deep learning have turned typical OMR obstacles into clearly solvable problems, especially the stages that visually process the input image, such as staff line removal or detection of music-notation objects. However, merely detecting objects is not enough for retrieving the actual content, as music notation is a conﬁgurational writing system where the semantic of a primitive is deﬁned by its relationship to other primitives. Thus, OMR systems must employ a notation assembly stage to infer such relationships among the detected objects. So far, this stage has been addressed by devising a set of predeﬁned rules or grammars, which hardly generalize well. In this work, we formulate the notation assembly stage from a set of detected primitives as a machine learning problem. Our notation assembly is modeled as a graph that stores syntactic relationships among primitives, which allows us to capture the conﬁguration of symbols in a music-notation document. Our results over the handwritten sheet music corpus MUSCIMA++ show 95.2% precision, 96.0% recall, and an F-score of 95.6% in establishing the correct syntactic relationships. When inferring relationships on data from a music object detector, the model achieves 93.2% precision, 91.5% recall and an F-score of 92.3%.
Measurement of Carbonyls and its relation with Criteria Pollutants in an Urban Site within the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey, Mexico during spring, 2011

C1-C4 carbonyls concentrations were measured at one site located within the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey (MAM) in Nuevo Leòn México during spring, 2011. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone were found to be the most abundant carbonyls, with formaldehyde showing the highest levels. Concentrations showed a clear diurnal pattern with the highest values in the morning and decreasing during the afternoon period. Mean concetrations for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone were 61.7 μg/m, 32.4 μg/m and 21.1 μg/m, respectively. The strong correlation between C1-C2 with CO, NO and NO2 indicated a common origin for these compounds. This was supported by a factor analysis which showed high loading on C1-C2 with this criteria polutants. The influence of local meteorological conditions and the 24-h back air masses trajectories showed that the sources contributing to the carbonyl levels are located at the NE of the sampling site where important industrial sources are located. The C1/C2 ratios varied between 1.74 to 3.97, values which can be considered typical of an urban area. From the PCA Analysis it was evident that the carbonyls measured had mixed sources (vehicular and industrial sources). Key-Words: Carbonyl compounds; day-night time variations; emission sources; criteria air pollutants, PCA; Monterrey, Nuevo León; México
Treatment Approach of Different Hormonal Therapy for Repeat Breeding Dairy Animals in Nepal

Repeat breeders are the animals with more than 3 to 4 inseminations after calving having regular cyclicity yet failed to conceive. Therefore, it is considered as one of the most emerging and frustrated reproductive disorders among dairy herds in Nepal that hinders favorable productivity and causes heavy economic losses to the livelihood of the farmers. We performed a systemic review to be acquainted with hormonal therapy as a treatment of repeat breeding. The aim of the present review is to summarize the current information about the ongoing methods in the treatment of repeat breeders. Based on the review of articles, it was found that gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) administration improved the conception rate in repeat breeder buffaloes and cows bearing dominant follicle in the ovary. In repeat breeder buffaloes and heifers with predominant corpus luteum and adequate body condition score (BCS), administration of PGF2α increased the pregnancy rates. Conception rate with Ovsynch protocol (GnRH-PGF2α -GnRH-TAI) usually was improved when initiation of program done during mid-diestrus i.e. days 5-12 of estrus cycle. Exogenous progesterone administration resulted in increased serum progesterone level during PGF2α injection that usually improves fertility of lactating dairy cows. In conclusion, hormonal treatment is considered to be most effective treatment to mitigate the problems of repeat breeding syndrome in Nepal. However, the first step of treatment involves good care, nutrition, better oestrus detection, timely insemination, periodic deworming to control parasite load and management of mating with bulls.
White Paper (f) Use of SWAT to Simulate Nutrient Loads and Concentrations in California 1 The SWAT Model

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool, version 2000 (SWAT2000) was developed by the USDA, ARS, and the Texas A&M Spatial Sciences Laboratory with funding from EPA and is incorporated into EPA’s BASINS 3.0 water quality modeling system. SWAT, first developed in the early 1990s, is based directly on the Simulator for Water Resources in Rural Basins (SWRRB, Williams et al., 1985; Arnold et al., 1990) with features from several other ARS models, such as CREAMS (Chemicals, Runoff, and Erosion from Agricultural Management Systems) (Knisel, 1980), GLEAMS (Groundwater Loading Effects on Agricultural Management Systems) (Leonard et al., 1987), and EPIC (Erosion-Productivity Impact Calculator) (Williams et al., 1984).
TESTING THE ACCEPTABILITY OF DIFFERENT CREEP STRAIN CALCULATION MODELS IN STRUCTURAL FIRE ANALYSIS

This paper investigates the accuracy of a selection of creep models in predicting the structural behaviour of steel under various heat rates and load ratios. Most of the commonly-used stress strain laws of steel for structural fire engineering have already implicitly considered the creep strain, however, these considerations cannot adequately capture the effects of the stress level, heat rate and strain rate on the creep strain of the steel. In this paper, several available creep models were implemented into the finite element code-Vulcan and the acceptability of these creep models was tested by the comparisons with published experimental results. In order to introduce an explicit creep model into the structural fire analysis, the substantial implicit creep should be removed from the initial material laws. A practical way to obtain the creep-free material curves from established material laws is proposed and it has been demonstrated that the combination of an creep-free stress strain curve with an explicit creep model can improve the accuracy of the prediction of the creep strain of steel in fire.
ROBUST DISCRIMINATIVE REPRESENTATION LEARNING VIA GRADIENT RESCALING: AN EMPHASIS REGULARISATION PERSPECTIVE

It is fundamental and challenging to train robust and accurate Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) when semantically abnormal examples exist. Although great progress has been made, there is still one crucial research question which is not thoroughly explored yet: What training examples should be focused on and how much more should they be emphasised to achieve robust learning? In this work, we study this question and propose gradient rescaling (GR) to solve it. GR modifies the magnitude of logit vector’s gradient to emphasise on relatively easier training data points when noise becomes more severe, which functions as explicit emphasis regularisation to improve the generalisation performance of DNNs. Apart from regularisation, we connect GR to examples weighting and designing robust loss functions. We empirically demonstrate that GR is highly anomaly-robust and outperforms the state-of-the-art by a large margin, e.g., increasing 7% on CIFAR100 with 40% noisy labels. It is also significantly superior to standard regularisers in both clean and abnormal settings. Furthermore, we present comprehensive ablation studies to explore the behaviours of GR under different cases, which is informative for applying GR in real-world scenarios.
Variations in snow strength and stability on uniform slopes

This research investigated whether single snowpits could reliably represent snowpack strength and stability conditions throughout apparently ‘uniform’ slopes. Seven slopes were selected by experienced avalanche forecasters, three each in the Bridger and Madison Ranges of Southwest Montana (USA), and one in the Columbia Mountains near Rogers Pass, British Columbia (Canada). Teams performed 10 quantified loaded column tests in each of five snowpits within a 900 m sampling site on each ‘uniform’ slope, measuring shear strength in a single weak layer. Collection of slab shear stress data enabled the calculation of a stability index, SQLCT. Altogether, eleven trials were performed during 2000/2001 and 2001/2002, testing several weak layer types exhibiting a wide range of strengths. Weak layer strength and slab stress conditions varied widely across the sampling sites, with coefficients of variation in weak layer shear strength ranging from 10% to 50%, coefficients of variation in shear stress from 2% to 48%, and stability indices ranging from 1.8 to 5.7. Of the 54 snowpits completed, 10 pits were empirically rejected as unrepresentative of the stability index at their sampling sites. Of the remaining 44 statistically analyzed pits, 33 pits were statistically representative of their site-wide stability index, and the other 11 pits were found statistically unrepresentative of their site. All five snowpits at a site were statistically representative of their site-wide stability index in three of the eleven trials. The frequent inability of single pits to reliably represent stability on those eleven 900 m sampling sites, located on apparently ‘uniform’ slopes, highlights the importance of improving our understanding of the processes affecting the variability of snowpack stability on any given day and the uncertainties associated with ‘point’ stability data. D 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Transmission of Cellular Detonation Waves across a Density/Temperature Interface

The propagation of detonation waves in a non-uniform mixture is of practical interest since in any accidental vapor cloud explosion, the mixture is always non-uniform. Experimental studies of detonation in non-uniform mixtures are difficult to realize in a controlled fashion. Thus numerical studies could be advantageous. In a previous study [1], the transmission of a planar Zel’dovich-von Neumann-Döring (ZND) detonation across a density interface was investigated numerically. However, real detonation waves posses a three-dimensional, unstable cellular structure [2]. Therefore, in the present study a two-dimensional cellular detonation is considered. Since the pressure has to be uniform across the interface, a density decrease and a density increase are accompanied by a temperature increase and a temperature decrease respectively. Thus the transmission across a density interface is essentially that of a temperature interface as well. Note that for an infinitely thin detonation front the adjustment to the downstream condition is immediate. Gas dynamics analysis can readily be applied to determine the transmitted and reflected waves by the interface. Thus, in the present study the transient process as the detonation transmits across the interface is dependent on the details of the detonation structure. The adjustment of the initial upstream cellular structure to the final cellular structure corresponding to the downstream state is investigated.
Importance of the training dataset length in basketball game outcome prediction by using naive classification machine learning methods

The focus of the paper is on using naive machine learning algorithms for predicting the NBA game outcomes. In order to complete a convincing result, the data of nine full NBA seasons are scraped for the proposed model training and result evaluation. The aim of the paper is to present the possibilities of naive machine learning methods and to define the length of the training phase as well as of the evaluation phase to be optimal for predicting the NBA games outcome. The research serves as an initial stage in the development of a doctoral dissertation on the outcome prediction in sport. The proposed supervised classification machine learning methods is used and two possible outcomes (win or loss) are predicted. The data segmentation is used as an evaluation method for a training dataset occurring chronologically prior to the testing dataset. The best results are achieved by using a single training season and one to three evaluation seasons and all the played games during the training phase.
Blenders near polynomial product maps of C

In this paper we show that if p is a polynomial in the bifurcation locus then the product map (z, w) 7→ (p(z), q(w)) can be approximated by polynomial skew products possessing special dynamical objets called blenders. Moreover, these objets can be chosen to be of two types: repelling or saddle. As a consequence, such a product map belongs to the closure of the interior of two different sets: the bifurcation locus of Hd(P) and the set of endomorphisms having an attracting set of non-empty interior. Similar technics also give the first example of an attractor with non-empty interior or of a saddle hyperbolic set which is robustly contained in the small Julia set and whose unstable manifolds are all dense in P. In an independent part, we use perturbations of Hénon maps to obtain examples of attracting sets with repelling points and also of quasi-attractors which are not attracting sets.
Douleurs et instabilité rotulienne. Essai de classification

Les douleurs femoro-patellaires sont la cause de consultation la plus frequente en orthopedie chez l'enfant, l'adolescent et l'adulte mur. On differencie trois populations: les instabilites rotuliennes objectives qui associent au moins une luxation vraie et toujours des anomalies anatomiques, les instabilites rotuliennes potentielles ou il n'y a pas de luxations mais des anomalies anatomiques et enfin les syndromes rotuliens, ou il n'y a jamais eu de luxation et le bilan radiologique reste normal. Il existe quatre facteurs principaux dans les instabilites rotuliennes objectives:la dysplasie de la trochlee, la rotule haute (index >1,2), la distance entre tuberosite tibiale anterieure et gorge de la trochlee excessive superieure a 20 mm, la bascule rotulienne superieure a 20°.