Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The quantum content of the gluing equations

The gluing equations of a cusped hyperbolic 3-manifold $M$ are a system of polynomial equations in the shapes of an ideal triangulation $\calT$ of $M$ that describe the complete hyperbolic structure of $M$ and its deformations. Given a Neumann-Zagier datum (comprising the shapes together with the gluing equations in a particular canonical form) we define a formal power series with coefficients in the invariant trace field of $M$ that should (a) agree with the asymptotic expansion of the Kashaev invariant to all orders, and (b) contain the nonabelian Reidemeister-Ray-Singer torsion of $M$ as its first subleading "1-loop" term. As a case study, we prove topological invariance of the 1-loop part of the constructed series and extend it into a formal power series of rational functions on the $\PSL(2,\BC)$ character variety of $M$. We provide a computer implementation of the first three terms of the series using the standard {\tt SnapPy} toolbox and check numerically the agreement of our torsion with the Reidemeister-Ray-Singer for all 59924 hyperbolic knots with at most 14 crossings. Finally, we explain how the definition of our series follows from the quantization of 3d hyperbolic geometry, using principles of Topological Quantum Field Theory. Our results have a straightforward extension to any 3-manifold $M$ with torus boundary components (not necessarily hyperbolic) that admits a regular ideal triangulation with respect to some $\PSL(2,\BC)$ representation.
Occupation, work organisation conditions and the development of chronic psychological distress.

OBJECTIVE The contribution of occupation and work organisation conditions to the development of chronic psychological distress in the Canadian workforce was examined. PARTICIPANTS Longitudinal data came from the first five cycles (Cycle 1=1994-1995, Cycle 5=2002-2003) of Statistics Canada's National Population Health Survey. A sample of 5,500 workers nested in 1,300 neighbourhoods and aged 15 to 55 years. METHODS Data had a hierarchical structure and were analysed using multilevel logistic regression models. RESULTS The results showed 46.4% of workers reported one episode of psychological distress, 23.5% more than one, and 10.6% three or more. Psychological distress decreased over time and varied significantly between individuals and neighbourhoods. Occupation was not significant, but psychological demands, job insecurity, and social support in the workplace were important determinants. The results showed strong contributions of individual and outside work factors (family, social support, neighbourhood). CONCLUSIONS Research in occupational mental health must expand theoretical and empirical frameworks in order to capture actual workplace dynamics and the effects on workers' mental health. Interventions designed to reduce mental health problems should carefully evaluate not only the work environment itself, but also non-work factors and other individual characteristics.
[Many psychiatric disorders in Afghan refugees with residential status in Drenthe, especially depressive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder].

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and help-seeking behaviour of Afghan refugees with a residence status in the province of Drenthe, the Netherlands. DESIGN Cross-sectional prevalence study. METHOD By means of a modified multiflex snowball sampling with 3 primary informants, 55 Afghan households in 16 towns and villages in Drenthe were selected. After informed consent had been obtained, 51 adults completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and a culturally validated shortened 'Composite international diagnostic interview' (CIDI), DSM-IV version. Help-seeking behaviour was recorded. RESULTS Half of the sample had resided in the Netherlands for at least 3 years. There was a high level of education, an unemployment level of 88% and moderate to poor language skills in 92% of the respondents. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was 65% (95% CI: 52-78); depressive disorder occurred in 57% and posttraumatic stress disorder in 35%. Psychopathological findings were related to poor language skills, a lower level of education and unemployment. A total of 56% received treatment from a general practitioner and 4% were under psychiatric treatment. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among adult Afghan refugees in Drenthe with a residence status was considerably higher than among the general population in the Netherlands.
A Classification of Functions in Multiterminal Distributed Computing

In the distributed function computation problem, dichotomy theorems, initiated by Han-Kobayashi, seek to classify functions by whether the rate regions for function computation improve on the Slepian-Wolf regions or not. In this paper, we develop a general approach to derive converse bounds on the distributed function computation problem. By using this approach, we derive an improved sufficient condition on the dichotomy theorem in the multiterminal distributed computing for the class of i.i. d. sources with positivity condition.
Charge-density waves versus superconductivity in the Holstein model with next-nearest-neighbor hopping.

We present quantum Monte Carlo results for the two-dimensional Holstein model with next-nearest-neighbor hopping. The Peierls charge-density-wave (CDW) instability near half filling is significantly suppressed by the addition of the next-nearest-neighbor hopping, and the superconducting pairing in the {ital s}-wave channel is enhanced away from half filling. The quantum Monte Carlo results are compared with random-phase-approximation and Migdal-Eliashberg calculations. We estimate the critical temperature for the Peierls CDW transition using a finite-size Ising-like scaling relationship, and for the superconducting transition in an {ital s}-wave channel using a Kosterlitz-Thouless scaling analysis. We discuss the possible existence of an incommensurate CDW ordered state away from half filling.
Trevor Orchard: Fruitful Contributions to Diabetes Epidemiology

Respected on both sides of the Atlantic for questioning the tenets underlying the pathophysiology of diabetes and its complications, Trevor Orchard continues to influence the fields of epidemiology and medicine. With a self-effacing style that might be described as typically British, he remains provocative and prominent among the research community. An Englishman educated in Wales and living in the U.S., Orchard is known for his work on influential large-scale publicly funded interventional studies (Diabetes Control and Complications Trial [DCCT], Diabetes Prevention Program [DPP], Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation in Type 2 Diabetes [BARI 2D]), observational studies (Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study [EDC]), and interventional-turned-observational studies (Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study [DPPOS], Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications [EDIC]). He is best known for the EDC, which he has led for nearly 30 years. In EDC, a well-characterized long-term cohort of people with type 1 diabetes started in 1986, Orchard has followed nearly 800 participants identified within 1 year of diagnosis between 1950 and 1980 at Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh (1). Orchard gives credit for inspiration and guidance to Professor Ronald Klein of the long-running Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy (WESDR); Klein continues to this day to grade the retinal fundal photographs from EDC. EDC was also preceded by the Allegheny County Type 1 Diabetes Registry (2), which still contributes data on longevity (3). Unlike a registry, EDC offers regular follow-up, data on censoring, and the ability to characterize multiple exposures. EDC generates vital statistics to verify life expectancy (4), descriptive statistics to monitor incidence of complications (1), and relational statistics to test associations between patient characteristics and subsequent complications. Orchard and coworkers have identified associations, but have also identified when associations do not exist, for example, between BMI and the complications of diabetes (5). Orchard and colleagues (6) have …
Relative Merits of the Biliary Alkaline Phosphatase lsoenzyme and Lipoprotein-X in Diagnosis of Cholestasis

There are many reports on the appearance of a typical isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1; API)2 in serum of patients suffering from biliary obstruction. According to the characteristics observed in various studies, this API has variouslybeen termed “high molecular weight” (1), “origin,” “stationary,” “particulate” (2), “bile,” “cholestatic,” “pathological biliary” (3, 4), and “koinozyme” (5). It is probably part of a multi-enzyme membrane particle(S). It is not clear whether all these terms refer to the same API, or whether the appearance of a particulate API is connected specifically with cholestasis. There is evidence for another high-molecular-mass API, seen in cases of malignant liver disease (6). These two forms can be separated by electrophoresis on a cellulose acetate membrane; the “pathological biliary” isoenzyme migrates fast cathodically (API Vp), whereas the form seen in malignant liver diseases remains at the origin (API ifi) (4,7). The increased API in the serum of rats with biliary obstruction is completely different from the API in man (8). The present study was designed to compare the diagnostic validity of the “pathological biiary” isoenzyme (API Vp) in cholestasiswith lipoprotein-X (LP-X) and to answer the question of whether API Vp is found exclusively in biliary obstruction. There are conflicting reports that LP-X is highly specific for cholestasis (9-20). Additionally, LP-X reportedly occurs in some connection with, or perhaps bound in some way as a complex to, a particulate API (2, 21-23).
Adaptation of muscle size and myofascial force transmission: a review and some new experimental results

This paper considers the literature and some new experimental results important for adaptation of muscle fiber cross‐sectional area and serial sarcomere number. Two major points emerge: (1) general rules for the regulation of adaptation (for in vivo immobilization, low gravity conditions, synergist ablation, tenotomy and retinaculum trans‐section experiments) cannot be derived. As a consequence, paradoxes are reported in the literature. Some paradoxes are resolved by considering the interaction between different levels of organization (e.g. muscle geometrical effects), but others cannot. (2) An inventory of signal transduction pathways affecting rates of muscle protein synthesis and/or degradation reveals controversy concerning the pathways and their relative contributions.
Chest pain in the emergency room: a multicenter validation of the HEART Score.

OBJECTIVE Decision-making in chest pain patients is hampered by poor diagnostic power of patient's history, electrocardiogram, age, risk factors, and troponin. Each of these findings may be qualified with 0, 1, or 2 points. Together they compose the HEART score. We tested the hypothesis that the HEART score predicts major adverse cardiac events. DESIGN Retrospective multicenter analysis in patients presenting at the cardiology emergency room. SETTING Patient inclusion between January 1 and March 31, 2006. PATIENTS A total of 2161 patients were admitted, of which 910 patients (42%) presented with chest pain. Analysis was performed in 880 cases (96.7%). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary endpoint was a composite of acute myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass graft surgery and death, within 6 weeks after presentation, together called major adverse cardiac events. RESULTS A total of 158 patients (17.95%) reached the primary endpoint. Ninety-two patients had an acute myocardial infarction (10.45%), 82 a percutaneous coronary intervention (9.32%), 36 a coronary artery bypass graft (4.09%), and 13 died (1.48%). Of 303 patients with HEART score 0 to 3, three (0.99%) had an endpoint. In 413 patients with HEART score 4 to 6, 48 cases (11.6%) reached an endpoint. In case of a HEART score of 7 to 10, an endpoint was reached in 107/164 cases (65.2%). CONCLUSIONS The HEART score helps in making accurate diagnostic and therapeutic decisions without the use of radiation or invasive procedures. The HEART score is an easy, quick, and reliable predictor of outcome in chest pain patients and can be used for triage.
High Survival Rate in Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma without CNS Involvement: Results of BFM 95 Study in Kuwait

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) in children are the second most common malignant tumors in Kuwait. Until 1995 the patients (pts) received institutional protocols. From October 1995 to September 2000 21 children with NHL were treated. Five children were treated by NHL BFM 90 protocol, 7 pts received NHL BFM 95 scheme, and 9 children underwent therapy abroad or according to different types of protocols. The results of a retrospective analysis of NHL BFM 95 protocol in Kuwait are reported. Seven patients diagnosed with NHL--group B: 3 children with Burkitt lymphoma (B-cell NHL) and group A: 4 children with lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-cell NHL)--were treated from October 1995 to September 2000 in the Kuwait Cancer Control Centre according to NHL BFM 95 protocol. Group B consisted of 2 girls and 1 boy; median age at diagnosis was 4 years 8 months, 2 pts classified as stage II and 1 pt as stage III. All patients were assigned to risk group R2. Median follow-up is 2 years 8 months. Group A included 1 girl and 3 boys; median age at diagnosis was 5 years 8 months, 1 pt classified as stage III and 3 pts as stage IV. All patients were assigned to IR group. Median follow-up is 3 years 6 months. In group B all 3 pts are in 1st CR; in group A 3 pts are in 1st CR and 1 pt having Li-Fraumani syndrome died after the 3rd relapse of disease during therapy. In both groups there was no toxic death, myelotoxicity WHO grade III-IV, hepatotoxicity WHO grade II-III. Treatment results of NHL BFM 95 study in our small group of patients are very optimistic. Six patients are in 1st CR and one died due to progression of disease. Despite the small group of patients, the results suggest that NHL BFM 95 protocol is highly effective and safe with regular supportive care.
Prevalence of dietary supplement use in adults with chronic renal insufficiency.

OBJECTIVE There are currently no studies that have investigated dietary supplement use in the chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) population. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of dietary supplement use in a sample of adults with CRI and to examine whether the prevalence of dietary supplement use was higher in the earlier stages of CRI. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional survey conducted at an outpatient nephrology clinic. PATIENTS Adults (n = 100) with varying degrees of CRI. INTERVENTION Interview-administered questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The questionnaire contained questions related to the use of dietary supplements, attitudes, and beliefs about dietary supplements, as well as medical and demographic data including gender, age, body weight, smoking status, concurrent chronic conditions, prescribed medications, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), etiology of CRI, income, and education level. RESULTS The prevalence of dietary supplement use was 45%, with the most frequent use occurring in subjects with a mild to moderate degree of renal insufficiency. There were no significant differences in gender, age, body mass index, smoking status, number of concurrent chronic conditions, number of prescribed medications, income, or education level between supplement users and supplement nonusers. Further analysis of dietary supplement use showed that the number of supplements used ranged from 1 to 5 or more supplements per day, with an overall total of 36 different supplements. Dietary supplement users were significantly more concerned with their health than were supplement nonusers. The most frequent sources of supplement information were physicians and printed material; however, 75% of the dietary supplement users desired further information about their dietary supplements. CONCLUSION This is the first study to investigate the use of dietary supplements in adults with CRI, and it provides valuable information for health care professionals regarding the dietary supplement use of their patients with CRI.
Helicobacter-like organisms in the stomach of pigs with and without gastric ulceration

Summary Objectives: To determine whether Helicobacter organisms are present in commercially reared pigs in North America and whether the presence of these bacteria is associated with gastric ulcers. Methods: Stomachs of pigs from four farms with diverse management systems were examined. The presence of Helicobacter was determined using an in-situ urease mapping technique and performing microscopic examination using Warthin-Starry silver stain. Culture was attempted using methods appropriate for Campylobacter species and Helicobacter pylori. The presence of lesions in the pars oesophagea based on macroscopic examination was recorded. Results: Spiral-shaped bacteria morphologically similar to H. heilmannii were detected in the stomachs of pigs from three of the four herds. The highest prevalence of positive stomachs (87%) occurred in a farrow-to-finish herd with a continuous-flow grower-finisher barn with floor feeding. The presence of Helicobacter-like organisms was not related to the presence of gastric ulcers. Implications: Programs to eliminate Helicobacter have been shown to be highly successful in curing gastric ulceration in humans, but on the basis of this study, an antibiotic approach is unlikely to be of benefit in solving gastric ulcer problems in swine. The prevalence of Helicobacter in stomachs of pigs at slaughter may be related to husbandry practices and biosecurity. It may be possible to produce pigs free of Helicobacter, and this might be important from a public health standpoint. However, at present, it appears that H. heilmannii is not a serious health risk to humans.
A Comparative Study of Feature Selection Methods for the Discriminative Analysis of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

It is crucial to differentiate patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) from the healthy population and determine abnormal brain regions in TLE. The cortical features and changes can reveal the unique anatomical patterns of brain regions from structural magnetic resonance (MR) images. In this study, structural MR images from 41 patients with left TLE, 34 patients with right TLE, and 58 normal controls (NC) were acquired, and four kinds of cortical measures, namely cortical thickness, cortical surface area, gray matter volume (GMV), and mean curvature, were explored for discriminative analysis. Three feature selection methods including the independent sample t-test filtering, the sparse-constrained dimensionality reduction model (SCDRM), and the support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) were investigated to extract dominant features among the compared groups for classification using the support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The results showed that the SVM-RFE achieved the highest performance (most classifications with more than 84% accuracy), followed by the SCDRM, and the t-test. Especially, the surface area and GMV exhibited prominent discriminative ability, and the performance of the SVM was improved significantly when the four cortical measures were combined. Additionally, the dominant regions with higher classification weights were mainly located in the temporal and the frontal lobe, including the entorhinal cortex, rostral middle frontal, parahippocampal cortex, superior frontal, insula, and cuneus. This study concluded that the cortical features provided effective information for the recognition of abnormal anatomical patterns and the proposed methods had the potential to improve the clinical diagnosis of TLE.
Structure and expression of c‐erbB‐2 and EGF receptor genes in inflammatory and non‐inflammatory breast cancer: Prognostic significance

C‐erbB‐2 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) genes were independently shown to be associated with breast cancer progression. In this report, we have analyzed the structure and expression of these 2 genes in the same tumor specimens of a large series of breast cancers. Two clinical types of tumor were studied: inflammatory (IBC) and non‐inflammatory breast cancers (NBC) obtained from 221 untreated patients at different clinical stages. Amplification and over‐expression of the c‐erbB‐2 proto‐oncogene were observed in 27% and 47% of tumors, respectively, and were strongly associated with breast cancers of the most unfavorable prognosis, namely IBC and NBC with multiple positive axillary nodes. EGFR gene was neither amplified nor rearranged. A restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for HindIII endonuclease was observed. EGFR transcripts were detected in 46% of tumors and observed more frequently in IBC than in NBC (p < 0.02). In NBC the presence of EGFR transcripts increased linearly with lymph‐node involvement and was associated with estrogen‐receptor‐negative tumors (p = 0.01). Analysis of both genes from the same tumor samples indicated that genes are associated with cancer aggressiveness. Furthermore, in NBC these 2 genes were independently activated, in contrast to IBC in which activated genes were negatively correlated, suggesting that c‐erbB‐2 and EGFR genes play different roles in NBC and IBC.
Association of SMO polymorphisms and neural tube defects in the Chinese population from Shanxi Province.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of SMO and neural tube defects (NTDs) in Chinese population. METHOD A total of 113 NTDs cases and 138 healthy controls were used in this study. 10 selected single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites in the SMO gene were analyzed with MassArray high-throughput DNA analyzer with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. A series of statistical methods were carried out to investigate the correlation between the SNPs and the patient susceptibility to NTDs. RESULTS The C allele of rs3824 increased the risk of spina bifida (OR=2.52; 95% CI: 1.18, 5.38; p=0.026) but not the risk of anencephaly or encephalocele. Significant differences were found between spina bifida and controls when we compared the GG group with the CC+CG group (OR=2.66; 95% CI: 1.26, 5.61; p=0.011). CC+CG genotype was a risk factor for spina bifida. CONCLUSIONS The gene polymorphism loci rs3824 of SMO was closely related to spina bifida in Chinese population from Shanxi. The haplotype GA in rs3824 and rs9706 increased the risk of NTDs particularly spina bifida in women.