Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La conciliación de la vida deportiva y la formación de los deportistas de alto nivel en España: Una visión cuantitativa.

La alta profesionalizacion del deporte de elite existente en la actualidad, ha supuesto en las ultimas decadas, un aumento de la carga horaria que los deportistas dedican a entrenamientos y competiciones. Teniendo en cuenta que la retirada deportiva se produce a edades muy tempranas, es a menudo una etapa de crisis que implica exigencias y requiere ciertos ajustes a nivel ocupacional, financiero, social y psicologico. Compatibilizar la formacion academica con la carrera deportiva es un elemento clave para preparar con garantias a los deportistas para el momento de finalizacion de sus carreras. Con esta investigacion se pretende conocer si se produce la conciliacion de la vida deportiva y academica de los DAN en Espana, asi como el grado de dificultad percibido para llevarla a cabo, tomando como referencia el propio punto de vista y las respuestas de los deportistas. El presente estudio se caracteriza por el uso de la metodologia cuantitativa en el que se realizo un muestreo a proposito, seleccionando al total de la poblacion, es decir los 3221 deportistas de alto nivel en Espana (DAN), tanto de modalidades Olimpicas como no Olimpicas, en febrero del ano 2011 segun el listado publicado por el Consejo Superior de Deportes. La tasa de respuesta global fue por tanto del 20,6%. Asumiendo la situacion mas desfavorable posible (p=q) y un nivel de confianza del 95%, para el total de los 662 cuestionarios cumplimentados, el error de estimacion fue del ±3,3%. Con respecto a los resultados obtenidos, se observa que los deportistas de alto nivel es Espana tienen un nivel academico no muy alejado de la poblacion general de su mismo rango de edad aun con una elevada carga de entrenamiento y competiciones. Aun asi, los deportistas encuentran dificultades para la conciliacion, existiendo determinados colectivos en funcion del genero y tipo de deporte que presentan mayores problemas y que deberian tenerse en cuenta. El PROAD resulto ser eficaz con respecto a una mejor conciliacion de la carrera deportiva y academica en todos los aspectos estudiados, posibilitando principalmente a los deportistas el acceso a la informacion relativa a diferentes medidas y beneficios legislativos de los que pueden beneficiarse por su condicion de DAN. Tambien supone una herramienta importante para los deportistas, al cumplir con la funcion de informarles y asesorarles en su futuro profesional antes de finalizar sus carreras deportivas.
Depth of processing and semantic anomalies

The traditional view of language comprehension is that the meaning of a sentence is composed of the meaning of each word combined into a fully specified syntactic structure. These processes are assumed to be generally completed fully and automatically. However, there is increasing evidence that these processes may, in some circumstances, not be completed fully, and the resultant representation, underspecified. This is taken as evidence for shallow processing and is best typified, we argue, when readers fail to detect semantically anomalous words in a sentence. For example, when asked, “how many animals did Moses take on the Ark? ” readers often incorrectly answer “two” failing to notice that it was Noah and not Moses who built the Ark. There has been surprisingly little work carried out on the on-line processing of these types of anomalies, and the differences in processing when anomalies are detected or missed. This thesis presents a series of studies, including four eye-tracking and one ERP study that investigates the nature of shallow processing as evidenced when participants report, or fail to report, hard-to-detect semantic anomalies. The main findings are that semantic anomaly detection is not immediate, but slightly delayed. Anomaly detection results in severe disruption in the eye movement data, and a late positivity in ERPs. There was some evidence that non-detected anomalies were processed unconsciously in both the eye movement record or in ERPs, however effects were weak and require replication. The rate of anomaly detection is also shown to be modulated by processing load and experimental task instructions. The discussion considers what these results reveal about the nature of shallow processing.
Endocrine Dysfunction in Diamond–Blackfan Anemia (DBA): A Report from the DBA Registry (DBAR)

Diamond–Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome. The mainstays of treatment involve chronic red cell transfusions, long‐term glucocorticoid therapy, and stem cell transplantation. Systematic data concerning endocrine function in DBA are limited. We studied patients in the DBA Registry (DBAR) of North America to assess the prevalence of various endocrinopathies.
Quercetin and its major metabolites selectively modulate cyclic GMP‐dependent relaxations and associated tolerance in pig isolated coronary artery

Background and purpose: Quercetin is a major flavonoid that contributes to the reduced risk of cardiovascular disease associated with dietary ingestion of fruits and vegetables. We have pharmacologically characterized the effect of quercetin, and its sulphate and glucuronide metabolites, on vasoconstrictor and vasodilator responses in the porcine isolated coronary artery.
Light exposure at night, sleep duration, melatonin, and breast cancer: a dose–response analysis of observational studies

Evidence from observational studies on light at night (LAN) exposure, sleep duration, endogenous melatonin levels, and risk for breast cancer in women is conflicting. This led us to conduct a dose–response analysis of published observational data. Pertinent studies were identified by searching Medline, Web of Science, and EMBASE through April 2013. The dose–response relationship between sleep duration, urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin levels, and breast cancer was assessed using the restricted cubic spline model and by multivariate random-effects metaregression. A separate meta-analysis was also carried out to calculate the relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for breast cancer for the comparable categories or highest levels of exposure versus the lowest levels. Twelve case–control and four cohort studies were included in the analysis. High artificial LAN exposure is associated with an increased risk for breast cancer (RR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.11–1.23), but not ambient LAN exposure (RR=0.91, 95% CI: 0.78–1.07). The summary RR for breast cancer is 1.00 (95% CI: 0.995–1.01) for an increment of 1 h of sleep per night. No significant dose–response relationship between sleep duration and breast cancer was found either for the linearity test (Ptrend=0.725) or for the nonlinearity (Ptrend=0.091) test. An increasein of 15 ng/mg creatinine in urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin is associated with a 14% reduced risk for breast cancer (RR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.78–0.95), with a linear dose–response trend (Ptrend=0.003). There was no evidence of substantial heterogeneity or publication bias in the analysis. Our study adds to the evidence of LAN breast cancer theory. Further research in this area is warranted.
Patient Satisfaction With Nursing Care in a Regional University Hospital in Southern Spain

Patient satisfaction is a valid indicator for measurement of service quality. Patients' opinions are important because dissatisfaction suggests opportunities for improvement. We evaluated the satisfaction of patients with nursing care in a regional university hospital in southern Spain and determined the relevant sociodemographic and attendance characteristics. A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken using the SERVQUAL questionnaire. Reliability and validity of the SERVQUAL instrument were established. The only interaction considered was gender and education level. Analysis of covariance showed that the only factors significantly associated with lower patient satisfaction were female gender, higher educational level, lower overall satisfaction with the hospital, and not knowing the name of the nurse.
Distinct Functional Domains of Nibrin Mediate Mre11 Binding, Focus Formation, and Nuclear Localization

ABSTRACT The inherited chromosomal instability disorder Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) results from truncating mutations in theNBS1 gene, which encodes the protein nibrin. Nibrin is part of a nuclear multiprotein complex that also contains the DNA repair proteins Mre11 and Rad50. Upon irradiation, this complex redistributes within the nucleus, forming distinct foci that have been implicated as sites of DNA repair. In NBS cells, nibrin is absent and Mre11 and Rad50 are cytoplasmic. In this study, the interacting domains on nibrin and Mre11 were mapped using the yeast two-hybrid system and expression of epitope-tagged constructs in NBS fibroblasts. Deletion of the carboxy-terminal 101 amino acids of nibrin eliminated its ability to interact with Mre11 and to complement the radiation sensitivity of NBS cells. However, this truncated form of nibrin could localize to the nucleus and form radiation-inducible foci. Expression of a carboxy-terminal 354-amino-acid fragment of nibrin was sufficient to direct the nuclear localization of nibrin, as well as that of Mre11 and Rad50. Despite providing some partial complementation of the radiation-sensitive phenotype, the nibrin-Mre11-Rad50 complexes in these cells were unable to form foci. These results indicate that nibrin directs not only the nuclear localization of the nibrin-Mre11-Rad50 complexes but also radiation-induced focus formation. However, direct interaction between nibrin and Mre11 is required for normal cellular survival postirradiation. Distinct domains of nibrin are required for each of these functions, focus formation, nuclear localization, and Mre11 interaction.
Prolactin Cycles in Sheep under Constant Photoperiod: Evidence That Photorefractoriness Develops Within the Pituitary Gland Independently of the Prolactin Output Signal

Abstract The present study investigated photorefractoriness in the prolactin (PRL) axis in hypothalamopituitary-disconnected (HPD) sheep exposed to prolonged long days. In experiment 1, HPD Soay rams transferred from short (8L:16D) to long (16L:8D) days for 48 wk to induce a cycle of activation, decline (photorefractoriness), and reactivation in PRL secretion were treated chronically with bromocriptine (dopamine-receptor agonist) or vehicle from the onset of photorefractoriness. Bromocriptine (0.01–0.04 mg kg−1 day−1; 12–24 wk of long days) blocked PRL release and caused a rebound response after the treatment, but it had no effect on the long-term PRL cycle (posttreatment PRL minimum, mean ± SEM, 35.3 ± 0.6 and 37.0 ± 0.4 wk for bromocriptine and control groups, respectively; not significant). In experiment 2, HPD rams were treated with sulpiride (dopamine-receptor antagonist) during photorefractoriness. Sulpiride (0.6 mg/kg twice daily; 22–30 wk of long days) induced a marginal increase in blood PRL concentrations, but again, it had no effect on the long-term PRL cycle (PRL minimum, 37.9 ± 0.4 and 37.6 ± 0.9 wk for sulpiride and control groups, respectively; not significant). The 24-h blood melatonin profile consistently reflected the long-day photoperiod throughout, and blood FSH concentrations were minimal, confirming the effectiveness of the HPD surgery. The results support the conclusion that photorefractoriness is regulated at the level of the pituitary gland independently of the PRL output signal.
Biochemical and Molecular Analysis of Deltamethrin Resistance in the Common Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

Abstract This study establishes deltamethrin resistance in a common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. , population collected from New York City (NY-BB). The NY-BB population was 264-fold more resistant to 1% deltamethrin in contact bioassay compared with an insecticide-susceptible population collected in Florida (FL-BB). General esterase, glutathione S-transferase, and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activities of NY-BB were not statistically different from those of FL-BB. cDNA fragments that encoded the open reading frame of voltage-sensitive sodium channel α-subunit genes from the FL-BB and NY-BB populations, respectively, were obtained by homology probing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. Sequence alignment of the internal and 5′ and 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) fragments generated a 6,500-bp cDNA sequence contig, which was composed of a 6,084-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 2,027 amino acid residues and 186-bp 5′ and 230-bp 3′ untranslated regions (5′ and 3′ UTRs, respectively). Sequence comparisons of the open reading frames of the α-subunit genes identified two point mutations (V419L and L925I) that were presented only in the NY-BB population. L925I, located the intracellular loop between IIS4 and IIS5, has been previously found in a highly pyrethroid-resistant populations of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). V419L, located in the IS6 transmembrane segment, is a novel mutation. A Val to Met mutation at the corresponding position of the bed bug V419, however, has been identified in the tobacco budworm as a kdr-type mutation. This evidence suggests that the two mutations are likely the major resistance-causing mutations in the deltamethrin-resistant NY-BB through a knockdown-type nerve insensitivity mechanism.
Improved treatment services significantly reduce the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in rural Tanzania: results of a randomized controlled trial

Objective:To evaluate the impact of improved case management for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) at the primary health care level on the incidence and prevalence of STD. Design:Community-randomized controlled trial. Setting:Mwanza region, Tanzania. Subjects:A random cohort of about 1000 adults aged 15–54 years from each of 12 communities, in six matched pairs. One member of each pair was assigned at random to receive the intervention, and the others served as a comparison community. This cohort was surveyed at baseline and at follow-up 2 years later. About 100 antenatal clinic attenders were also studied in each community on two occasions: the first shortly after the implementation of the intervention, and the second approximately 1 year later. Intervention:Improved services were established for the management of STD, using the syndromic approach, in rural health units. Results:A total of 12 534 individuals were enrolled in the cohort study, of whom 8844 (71%) were seen again 2 years later. The prevalence of serological syphilis (rapid plasma reagin titre ≥1:8, Treponema pallidum haemagglutinin assay positive) was 6.2% in both intervention and comparison communities at baseline. At follow-up it was 5.0% in the intervention community and 7.0% in the comparison community [adjusted relative risk (RR), 0.71; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.54–0.93; P < 0.02]. The prevalence of urethritis in males did not differ significantly between intervention and comparison groups at follow-up, but the prevalence of symptomatic urethritis was reduced by about 50% (adjusted RR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.24–1.10; P = 0.08). There was no significant difference between the groups in the incidence of self-reported STD symptoms over the last year of the follow-up period, or in the prevalence of any STD in antenatal clinic attenders. Conclusion:The reduction in HIV incidence previously reported in this intervention study can be attributed to a reduction in the duration, and hence the prevalence of symptomatic STD.
An Anthropometric History of the Postbellum US, 1847-1894

This paper explores whether the antebellum decline in heights continued in the post-Civil War period by using a data set of more than 58,000 US Army recruits born between 1847 and 1894. The main finding is that heights continued to decline during the Civil War by about 0.4 in. (1.0 cm) and stagnated for an extended period of time before they began to increase among the birth cohorts of the late 1880s. Height was positively correlated with proximity to proteinrich nutrients during childhood and with geographic mobility and was negatively correlated with urbanization, and infant mortality rates.
The impact of acepromazine on the efficacy of crystalloid, dextran or ephedrine treatment in hypotensive dogs under isoflurane anesthesia.

OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of acepromazine on the cardiovascular responses to three treatments for hypotension in dogs during deep isoflurane anesthesia. STUDY DESIGN Prospective blinded randomized cross-over experimental design. ANIMALS Six adult (2.5 ± 0.5 year old) healthy mixed breed dogs (24.2 ± 7.6 kg). METHODS Anesthesia was induced with propofol (4-6 mg kg(-1) , IV) and maintained with isoflurane. Each dog received six treatments separated by at least 5 days. Once instrumented, dogs randomly received acepromazine (0.05 mg kg(-1) ) (Ace) or saline (equal volume) (Sal) IV and end-tidal isoflurane (E'Iso) was adjusted to achieve hypotension, defined as a mean blood pressure between 45 and 50 mmHg. Dogs randomly received dextran (D) (7 mL kg(-1) ) or lactated Ringer's (LR) (20 mL kg(-1) ) over 14 minutes, or ephedrine (Eph) (0.1 mg kg(-1) followed by 10 μg kg(-1) minute(-1) ) throughout the study. Measurements were taken at baseline, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 40 minutes. Data were analyzed with a Latin Square in two factors (Ace/Sal and treatment) for repeated measures, with further comparisons if appropriate (p < 0.05). RESULTS E'Iso producing hypotension was significantly less following Ace (2.07 ± 0.23%) than Sal (2.43 ± 0.23%). No improvement in cardiac output (CO) was observed with D or LR. LR initially intensified hypotension with a significant reduction in SVR, while D caused a minor improvement in ABP. Eph produced a significant increase in ABP, CO, hemoglobin, oxygen content and delivery. Pre-treatment with Ace minimized ABP improvements with all treatments. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Acepromazine (0.05 mg kg(-1) IV) enhanced the hypotensive effect of isoflurane, although it maintained CO. Administration of LR significantly worsens ABP initially by further vasodilation. D caused minimal improvement in ABP. At the infusion studied, Eph effectively countered the cardiovascular depression produced by deep isoflurane anesthesia, but extremes in ABP associated with initial vasoconstriction prevent our recommendation at this dose.
Assessment of Nurses' Knowledge about Ethical and Legal Issues in Mental Health Nursing at Psychiatric Teaching Hospitals in Baghdad City

Objectives: The study aims to assess nurses’ knowledge about ethical and legal issues in mental health nursing at psychiatric teaching hospitals in Baghdad City; and to identify the relationship between nurses’ knowledge and some of their characteristics such as: gender, age, nursing qualification, marital status, and years of clinical experience. Methodology: A descriptive analytical study in which assessment approach is applied in order to achieve the earlier stated objective . the study was initiated from November 1, 2016 to may 1, 2017. A purposive (nonprobable) sample of 100 nurses who are working at psychiatric wards. Data were collected through the use of the questionnaire and the process of the self –administrative report as means for data collection. Data were analyzed through the application of descriptive and inferential statistical approaches by using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: The finding of the study revealed that most of the nurses how are working at psychiatric wards were female with age 20-30 years old and graduated from medical institute. The nurses have more than five years of experience in nursing and psychiatric nursing and working at wards. The nurses have good knowledge about legal issues in mental health nursing. The nurses have good knowledge about ethical issues in mental health nursing. There is no significant relationship between nurses' knowledge about legal and ethical issues respect to their age, gender, qualification, marital status and years of experience. Conclusions: The study concluded that nurses have good knowledge about legal issues and ethical issues in mental health nursing and there is no significant relationship between nurses' with respect to their age, gender, qualification, marital status and years of experience. Recommendations: The study recommended providing training courses for nurses who are working at psychiatric units to increase their practices about ethical and legal issues in such setting. The booklet of (legal and ethical issues in mental health nursing) should be distributed for newly recruited nurses in psychiatric hospitals and wards.
Altered amygdalar resting‐state connectivity in depression is explained by both genes and environment

Recent findings indicate that alterations of the amygdalar resting‐state fMRI connectivity play an important role in the etiology of depression. While both depression and resting‐state brain activity are shaped by genes and environment, the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors mediating the relationship between amygdalar resting‐state connectivity and depression remain largely unexplored. Likewise, novel neuroimaging research indicates that different mathematical representations of resting‐state fMRI activity patterns are able to embed distinct information relevant to brain health and disease. The present study analyzed the influence of genes and environment on amygdalar resting‐state fMRI connectivity, in relation to depression risk. High‐resolution resting‐state fMRI scans were analyzed to estimate functional connectivity patterns in a sample of 48 twins (24 monozygotic pairs) informative for depressive psychopathology (6 concordant, 8 discordant and 10 healthy control pairs). A graph‐theoretical framework was employed to construct brain networks using two methods: (i) the conventional approach of filtered BOLD fMRI time‐series and (ii) analytic components of this fMRI activity. Results using both methods indicate that depression risk is increased by environmental factors altering amygdalar connectivity. When analyzing the analytic components of the BOLD fMRI time‐series, genetic factors altering the amygdala neural activity at rest show an important contribution to depression risk. Overall, these findings show that both genes and environment modify different patterns the amygdala resting‐state connectivity to increase depression risk. The genetic relationship between amygdalar connectivity and depression may be better elicited by examining analytic components of the brain resting‐state BOLD fMRI signals. Hum Brain Mapp 36:3761–3776, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A first glimpse of Kanakanavu word prominence

This study investigated the word prominence pattern of Kanakanavu, a critically endangered Austronesian language spoken in Taiwan. Previous studies on the phonetic correlates of Piwan and Saisiyat agreed that pitch is the only consistent cue, indicating that Formosan languages are more like pitchaccent languages. However, given that word accents are in a fixed position for those two languages, it remains an open question whether the same phenomenon would be observed for Kanakanavu, a language with more flexibility in the position of word prominence. A list of 2-, 3-, and 4-syllable words was recorded from three native speakers of this language. The words differ in their word prominence position: Disyllabic words receive their prominence either in the penultimate or the final syllable, while 3and 4-syllable words are read with their prominence in either the penultimate or the ante-penultimate syllable. Word prominence type and corresponding acoustic correlates were labeled and analyzed. Results showed that only 3-syllable words with prominence in antepenultimate position were realized with different prominence types. Moreover, Kanakanavu word prominence is realized via both pitch and duration: Maximal pitch values were consistently higher for vowels in the syllables receiving word prominence, and duration of these vowels was also longer.