Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Daily Milk Yield, Somatic Cell Score, Milk Urea Nitrogen, Blood Glucose and Immunoglobulin in Holsteins

This study estimated the effects of parity (1-3) and stage of lactation (early, mid and late) on daily milk yield (DMY), somatic cell score (SCS), milk urea nitrogen (MUN), blood glucose, and immunoglobulin G (IgG), their heritabilities and genetic correlations between them in Holsteins (n = 200). Means and standard deviations of DMY, SCS, MUN, blood glucose, and IgG in the experimental herd were 23.35±7.75 kg, 3.81±2.00, 13.99±5.68 mg/dl, 44.91±13.12 mg/dl, and 30.36±6.72 mg/ml, respectively. DMY was the lowest in first parity, and in late lactation. SCS increased with parity; however, it was lowest in mid-lactation. MUN was lowest in first parity, and no difference was noted across stage of lactation. Blood glucose was similar between parities, however the highest blood glucose was observed during mid lactation. IgG level was significantly different between first and second parity; however, stage of lactation did not affect its level. Heritability of DMY was 0.16. Its genetic correlations with SCS and with blood glucose were -0.67 and 0.98, respectively. Heritability of SCS was 0.15. Genetic correlations of SCS with MUN, glucose, and IgG were -0.72, -0.59, and 0.68, respectively. Heritability of MUN was estimated to be 0.39 and had a genetic correlation of -0.35 with IgG. Heritabilities of blood glucose and IgG were 0.21 and 0.33, respectively. This study suggested that MUN, blood glucose and IgG could be considered important traits in future dairy selection programs to improve milk yield and its quality with better animal health and welfare. However, further studies are necessary involving more records to clarify the relationship between metabolic and immunological traits with DMY and its quality. (Key Words : Genetic Parameters, SCS, MUN, Glucose, IgG)
Diversity and adaptation in large population games

We consider a version of large population games whose players compete for resources using strategies with adaptable preferences. The system efficiency is measured by the variance of the decisions. In the regime where the system can be plagued by the maladaptive behavior of the players, we find that diversity among the players improves the system efficiency, though it slows the convergence to the steady state. Diversity causes a mild spread of resources at the transient state, but reduces the uneven distribution of resources in the steady state.
The Impact of Nutritional Fatty Acids during Pregnancy and Lactation on Early Human Adipose Tissue Development

Recent observational studies suggest that mean birth weight and body fat growth in the first year of life have increased continuously over the last decades. Both elevated birth weight and early fat mass are potential risk factors for childhood obesity. Experimental and limited clinical data suggest that the dietary ratio of n–6 to n–3 fatty acids (FAs) during pregnancy is critical for early adipose tissue growth. The aim of this randomized controlled study is to examine the effect of the supplementation with n–3 long-chain polyunsaturated FAs and reduction in the n–6/n–3 ratio in the diet of pregnant women/breast-feeding mothers on adipose tissue growth in their newborns using various methods for the assessment of body fat mass. Measurement of skinfold thickness in the newborn is the primary outcome parameter. Two hundred and four pregnant women will be recruited before the 15th week of gestation and randomly assigned to either active intervention or an isocaloric control diet. This upcoming study will explore the potential of this dietary approach to limit early adipose tissue growth and may contribute to the development of a new strategy for the primary prevention of childhood obesity.
Herschel* and JCMT observations of the early-type dwarf galaxy NGC 205

We present Herschel dust continuum, James Clerk Maxwell Telescope CO (3–2) observations and a search for [C II ] 158 forumla m and [O I ] 63 forumla m spectral line emission for the brightest early-type dwarf satellite of Andromeda, NGC 205. While direct gas measurements [ Mg ∼ 1.5 × 10 6 M ⊙ , H I + CO (1–0)] have proven to be inconsistent with theoretical predictions of the current gas reservoir in NGC 205 (>10 7 M ⊙ ), we revise the missing interstellar medium mass problem based on new gas mass estimates (CO (3–2), [C II ], [O I ]) and indirect measurements of the interstellar medium content through dust continuum emission. Based on Herschel observations, covering a wide wavelength range from 70 to 500 forumla m, we are able to probe the entire dust content in NGC 205 ( forumla M ⊙ at Td ∼ 18–22 K) and rule out the presence of a massive cold dust component ( forumla M ⊙ , Td ∼ 12 K), which was suggested based on millimetre observations from the inner 18.4 arcsec. Assuming a reasonable gas-to-dust ratio of ∼400, the dust mass in NGC 205 translates into a gas mass Mg ∼ 4–7 × 10 6 M ⊙ . The non-detection of [O I ] and the low L[C II] -to- LCO(1-0) line intensity ratio (∼1850) imply that the molecular gas phase is well traced by CO molecules in NGC 205. We estimate an atomic gas mass of 1.5 × 10 4 M ⊙ associated with the [C II ] emitting photodissociation regions in NGC 205. From the partial CO (3–2) map of the northern region in NGC 205, we derive a molecular gas mass of forumla M ⊙ . Upon comparison with the molecular gas mass estimated from CO (1–0) observations ( forumla M ⊙ ), we find most of the H 2 gas in NGC 205 to be locked in diffuse regions of low density and/or temperature, characteristic for an interstellar medium with little star formation activity. New total gas mass estimates from Herschel dust continuum (4–7 × 10 6 M ⊙ ), Herschel [C II ] line spectroscopic mapping (1.5 × 10 4 M ⊙ ) and James Clerk Maxwell Telescope CO (3–2) observations (7 × 10 5 M ⊙ ), including the H I mass ( forumla M ⊙ ) and a correction for heavier elements, confirm the deficiency of the interstellar medium (gas+dust) in the inner regions of NGC 205, which is predicted to contain at least >10 7 M ⊙ of gas if we assume a reasonable star formation efficiency of 10 per cent and account for the mass return from planetary nebulae. In an attempt to explain the missing interstellar medium mass problem, we claim that efficient supernova feedback capable of expelling gas from the inner, star-forming regions to the outer regions and/or tidal interactions with M31 stripping the gas component from the galaxy provide the best explanation for the removal of a significant amount of gas and dust from NGC 205.
Chronic At1 Receptor Blockade Alters the Mechanisms Mediating Hypoxic Dilation in Middle Cerebral Arteries

The purpose of this study was to determine whether chronic blockade of the angiotensin II (ANG II) AT1 receptor under normal physiological conditions impairs vascular relaxation mechanisms in isolated middle cerebral arteries (MCA). Male Sprague-Dawley rats on a standard diet were given losartan (1 mg/mL) in the drinking water or normal water ad libitum for 7 days. Vessel diameters were measured by television microscopy before and during exposure to various vasodilator agonists and reductions in PO2 from 140 mm Hg to 35-45 mm Hg. Dilations to acetylcholine (1 μM), the stable prostacyclin analogue iloprost (10 pg/mL), and the Gs protein activator cholera toxin (1 ng/mL) were completely eliminated in vessels from losartan-treated animals. However, middle cerebral arteries from control and losartan-treated rats still demonstrated significant dilations in response to reduced PO2. Hypoxic dilation of middle cerebral arteries from control rats was eliminated by indomethacin (1 μM) and unaffected by the NOS inhibitor L-NAME (100 μM) whereas dilation in response to reduced PO2 in middle cerebral arteries from losartan-treated rats was eliminated by L-NAME and unaffected by indomethacin. Middle cerebral arteries from control and losartan-treated animals exhibited similar dilations in response to the NO-donor sodium nitroprusside (1 μM). These data suggest that AT1 receptor activation is important in maintaining normal vascular relaxation mechanisms in cerebral resistance arteries during normal physiological conditions, and that AT1 receptor blockade causes a shift in the mechanisms of hypoxic dilation of middle cerebral arteries from cyclooxygenase metabolites to NO.
Association of Lifestyle Parameters with the Prevention of Hypertension in Elderly Japanese Men and Women: A Four-Year Follow-up of Normotensive Subjects

To study the association of lifestyle parameters with the future risk of hypertension in normotensive subjects, a baseline questionnaire and a four-year follow-up were performed in 445 normotensive Japanese at 35 to 89 years of age. In 60 to 69 year old subjects, the changes of blood pressure during four years were negatively correlated with the amount of boiled rice intake in men and with Japanese tea intake in women. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that miso-soup intake at two bowls per day or over was protective against hypertension during follow-up (p<0.05). These results indicate that food intake is important in the prevention of hypertension in the elderly.
Ultra small magneto-optic field probe fabricated by aerosol deposition

: The basic performance of a newly developed microscopic magneto-optic probe is described. The probe was fabricated by directly depositing a Bi-substituted yttrium iron garnet [Bi-YIG] ﬁlm onto the optical ﬁber edge using aerosol deposition. This fabrication process is inexpensive and simple because there are no complicated procedures such as ﬁne lithography and etching. The ﬁlm is 125- µ m-wide, which is the same as the diameter of a typical single mode ﬁber, and approximately 10- µ m-thick. The 3-dB bandwidth and spatial resolution of the probe were found to be about 3 GHz and in the 10- µ m order, respec-tively. Because the developed magneto-optic probe is very tiny and thin, it can be a powerful tool for detailed electrical characterization of densely packaged electronic circuits.
Finalcial Literacy Dan Perilaku Keuangan Mahasiswa (Studi Kasus Mahasiswa STIE ‘YPPI' Rembang)

Financial intelligence in the competition is absolutely necessary in today's modern society. Deemed necessary, due to the financial intelligence that includes how a person manages financial-owned well is capital to improve the welfare of each individual. This study intends to analyze the effect of learning in college and family financial education to student financial behavior, and the impact of the financial literacy of students to the financial behavior of students with student research object STIE 'YPPI' Rembang. Research shows that learning in higher education and financial education affect student financial literacy, while financial literacy have an impact on the financial behavior of the students. Additionally, financial literacy proved able to moderate learning in college and family financial education in student financial behavior. Keyword : Financial Literacy, Financial education, Financial behavior
Protection of DNA and microsomal membranes in vitro by Glycyrrhiza glabra L. against gamma irradiation

The radioprotective effect of the root extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra L on lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes and plasmid pBR322 DNA was investigated. The extract was found to protect microsomal membranes, as evident from reduction in lipid peroxidation, and could also protect plasmid DNA from radiation‐induced strand breaks. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Returnee Entrepreneurs, Science Park Location Choice and Performance: An Analysis of High–Technology SMEs in China

Building on an asset complementarity perspective, human capital and social capital measures are used to examine the science park location decisions of returnee entrepreneurs and the performance of their ventures. The study uses a unique, hand–collected data set of 349 SMEs from Zhongguancun Science Park in China, including 53 SMEs from locations administered by universities. The article considers the antecedents of university and nonuniversity science park location and firm growth with a view to drawing conclusions that go beyond the specific context of Beijing and China. Its findings include the tendency for returning entrepreneurs with academic knowledge in the form of patents transferred from abroad to locate in nonuniversity science parks, and for those with previous firm ownership abroad to choose university science parks. The firms of returnees with patents from abroad enjoyed stronger employment growth in nonuniversity science parks and those with commercial experience abroad with MNCs performed better in university science parks. This evidence is consistent with the view that returning entrepreneurs seek complementary (academic and commercial) assets in their location decisions, although some inconsistencies with this view are also discussed.
Comorbidities in elderly patients with asthma: Association with control of the disease and concomitant treatment

The incidence of concomitant conditions increases with age. In elderly patients, the presence of comorbidities has been related to the course and severity of asthma. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of comorbidities and concomitant treatment on asthma control and severity in older adults.
Prevalence of Salmonella in Retail Chicken Meat in Hanoi, Vietnam

Abstract: Infection with Salmonella (S.) is the most frequently reported cause of bacterial food‐borne illness worldwide. Poultry are a common source and, in recent years, much attention has been focused in determining the prevalence of Salmonella during the different stages in the poultry production chain. This article was designed to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella serovars in retail chicken meat sold in Hanoi. A total of 262 samples were randomly collected from retail markets and examined for the presence of Salmonella. Of these samples, 48.9% were found to be contaminated with Salmonella. Predominant serotypes were S. Agona, S. Emek, S. London. The prevalence of S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium was considered. These findings have highlighted the magnitude of Salmonella contamination in retail chicken meat in Hanoi. On the basis of these preliminary survey results, it is recommended that a cost‐effective monitoring and surveillance system for Salmonella should be established in Hanoi. This system should be augmented by good agricultural and hygienic practices and well‐designed longitudinal research activities on the whole poultry production chain.
Numerical computing with MATLAB

Preface 1. Introduction to MATLAB 2. Linear equations 3. Interpolation 4. Zeros and roots 5. Least squares 6. Quadrature 7. Ordinary differential equations 8. Fourier analysis 9. Random numbers 10. Eigenvalues and singular values 11. Partial differential equations Bibliography Index.
Relationship Intention and Length of Customer–Firm Associations in Two Emerging Markets

ABSTRACT Despite the benefits of following a relationship marketing approach, firms should use caution when targeting customers with relationship marketing strategies as not all customers want to enter into long-term relationships. Targeting customers based on the length of customer-firm association could also be flawed as the success of doing so is disputed. This study explored relationship intention under cell phone customers in two emerging markets, namely the Philippines and South Africa. Findings show that relationship marketing strategies should only be focused on customers displaying high relationship intentions rather than, erroneously, investing in relationships with customers based on association length.
How much do we spend on prescription medicines? Out-of-pocket costs for patients in Australia and other OECD countries.

OBJECTIVES To determine changes in out-of-pocket expenditure on prescription medicines for Australian patients, and how patient expenditure compares with other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. METHODS We examined out-of-pocket expenditure on prescription medicines by patients in Australia between 1970 and 2007, and between Australia and 15 other OECD countries (Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Japan, Republic of Korea (South Korea), Luxembourg, Poland, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United States) in 2005. FINDINGS Spending on publicly subsidised medicines by Australian patients increased from $16 per person in 1971 to $62 in 2007. Patient expenditure on all prescription medicines had risen to $134 per person in 2007. Out-of-pocket expenditure for Australian patients ranked 4th of 14 OCED countries with universal pharmaceutical subsidies. Australian patients pay 28% of national pharmaceutical expenditure; more than patients in South Korea (27%), Slovak Republic (26%), Sweden (22%), France, Luxembourg, Japan and Switzerland (17%), Germany (15%), Czech Republic (11%) and Spain (6%), but less than patients in Finland (36%), Denmark (33%) and Poland (34%). CONCLUSIONS Compared to other OECD countries, Australian out-of-pocket costs are now in the mid to upper range. Further increases have the potential to significantly affect access to care.
Fasting blood glucose, uric acid and calcium levels of obese Sudanese women aged 40-50 years: Case study (Wad Medani) area

A total of 200 apparently healthy adult Sudanese females aged 40-50 years, were invited to participate in this study. Participants were classified into two groups, non-obese, and obese (BMI-C: 30kg/m2) based on WHO1997. Fasting blood glucose and uric acid concentrations were elevated significantly (P<0.05) in obese women’s serum, with means (97.57, 5.95) and (92.99, 5.28) for obese and non-obese women respectively. The finding was revealed that the calcium level has no significant difference between study participants with mean (6.68 and 7.71) for obese and nonobese women respectively. This study suggests that using the interaction between glucose and uric acid level for prediction of renal or any other cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients.
Coin-Operated Capitalism

This Article presents the legal literature’s first detailed analysis of the inner workings of Initial Coin Offerings. We characterize the ICO as an example of financial innovation, placing it in kinship with venture capital contracting, asset securitization, and (obviously) the IPO. We also take the form seriously as an example of technological innovation, where promoters are beginning to effectuate their promises to investors through computer code, rather than traditional contract. To understand the dynamics of this shift, we first collect contracts, “white papers,” and other contract-like documents for the fifty top-grossing ICOs of 2017. We then analyze how such projects’ software code reflected (or failed to reflect) their contractual promises. Our inquiry reveals that many ICOs failed even to promise that they would protect investors against insider self-dealing. Fewer still manifested such contracts in code. Surprisingly, in a community known for espousing a technolibertarian belief in the power of “trustless trust” built with carefully designed code, a significant fraction of issuers retained centralized control through previously undisclosed code permitting modification of the entities’ governing structures. These findings offer valuable lessons to legal scholars, economists, and policymakers about the roles played by gatekeepers; about the value of regulation; and the possibilities for socially valuable private ordering in a relatively anonymous, decentralized environment.
Regeneration in Echinoderms: repair, regrowth, cloning

Regenerative potential is expressed to a maximum extent in echinoderms. It is a commonphenomenon in all the classes, extensively employed to reconstruct external appendages and internalorgans often subjected to amputation, self-induced or traumatic, rapidly followed by completesuccessful re-growth of the lost parts. Regeneration has been studied in adult individuals as well as inlarvae. In armed echinoderms, regeneration of arms is obviously frequent: in many cases, the detached body fragments can undergo phenomena of partial or total regeneration independently of the donor animal, and, in a few cases (asteroids), the individual autotomised arms can even regenerate to produce new complete adults, offering superb examples of cloning strategies. In the species examined so far most results throw light on aspects related to wound healing, growth, morphogenesis and differentiation, even though in most cases many crucial questions remain unanswered. The present paper provides an overview of the current understanding of the phenomenon and covers the main biological aspects of regeneration giving an idea of the “state of the art” across the phylum in terms of experimental approaches and representative models.
Biflagellate spermatozoon of the poison‐dart frogs epipedobates femoralis and colostethus sp. (anura, dendrobatidae)

This study describes the spermatozoa of the dendrobatids Epipedobates femoralis and Colostethus sp. using light and transmission electron microscopy. Both species possess a biflagellate spermatozoon, an unusual characteristic only previously reported in two anuran species belonging to the families Leptodactylidae and Racophoridae. The acrosomal complex of both species consists of a conical acrosomal vesicle and a subacrosomal cone, both of which cover the anterior portion of the nucleus, but to differing extents. In the midpiece, the centrioles are disposed parallel to each other and to the cell axis and give rise to two axonemes. Two paraxonemal rods were also seen entering the nuclear fossa. Both flagella are surrounded by a single mitochondrial collar. Each flagellum is formed by an axial fiber connected to the axoneme by an axial sheath; juxta‐axonemal fibers are absent. Our data seem to support that Epipedobates femoralis should be placed in a separate clade possibly related to Colosthetus and that these two genera may not be monophyletic. J. Morphol. 255:114–121, 2003. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early events of peripheral nerve regeneration.

Early regeneration of injured peripheral nerves involves a series of events that are important in the success of eventual reconnection. In many nerve injuries, such as transections with gaps, axons and Schwann cells (SCs) penetrate into new microenvironments de novo, not involving zones of Wallerian degeneration. We studied unexplored axon-SC interactions by sampling of newly forming connections through a silicone conduit across transected rat sciatic peripheral nerve gaps. Axon and SC participation in bridge formation was addressed by light microscopy, electron microscopy and by double-labeling immunohistochemistry,including confocal imaging, and several, less appreciated aspects of early regrowth were identified. There are limitations to early and widespread regeneration of axons and SCs into bridges initially formed from connective tissue and blood vessels.Regrowth is 'staggered' such that only a small percentage of parent axons sampled the early bridge. There is an intimate, almost invariable relationship between SCs and extension of axons, which challenges the concept that axons lead and SCs follow. 'Naked' axons were infrequent and limited in scope. Axons did not seek out and adhere to vascular laminin but intimately followed laminin deposits associated with apposed SCs. Growth cones identified by labeling of beta III tubulin, PGP(9 x 5) and GAP(43)/B(50) were complex, implying a pause in their regrowth, and were most prominent at the proximal stump-regenerative bridge interface. There is surprising and substantial hostility to local regrowth of axons into newly forming peripheral nerve bridges.Early axon outgrowth, associated with apposed Schwann cell processes, is highly constrained even when not exposed to adjacent myelin and products of Wallerian degeneration.