Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cellular composition of the sheep corpus luteum in the mid- and late luteal phases of the oestrous cycle.

Corpora lutea (CL) from naturally cycling Corriedale ewes were obtained in the mid- and late luteal phases of the oestrous cycle (Days 9 and 13; 5 ewes per group). The cellular composition of these CL was compared by ultrastructural morphometry to determine whether there were changes in numbers of large and small luteal cells consistent with differentiation of some small luteal cells to large luteal cells during the last part of the luteal phase. No differences between Days 9 and 13 were detected in luteal volume, plasma progesterone concentration, or volume density of any component of the luteal tissue. Large luteal cell numbers (mean +/- s.e.m.) were lower per unit volume of luteal tissue on Day 13 than on Day 9 (14.1 +/- 0.5 vs 18.4 +/- 1.3 X 10(3)/mm3, P less than 0.05). Mean volume of the individual large luteal cells was greater on Day 13 than on Day 9 (19.65 +/- 0.72 vs' 15.60 +/- 1.34 micrograms 3 X 10(3), P less than 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in numbers or volumes of small luteal cells between Days 9 and 13, and total numbers of large luteal cells per CL were not different between these two days. These results provide no support for the hypothesis that small luteal cells differentiate into large luteal cells during the oestrous cycle of the sheep.
Multimodal Ensemble Deep Learning to Predict Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Children

Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder, collectively referred to as disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs), are prevalent psychiatric disorders in children. Early diagnosis of DBDs is crucial because they can increase the risks of other mental health and substance use disorders without appropriate psychosocial interventions and treatment. However, diagnosing DBDs is challenging as they are often comorbid with other disorders, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, and depression. In this study, a multimodal ensemble three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3D CNN) deep learning model was used to classify children with DBDs and typically developing children. The study participants included 419 females and 681 males, aged 108–131 months who were enrolled in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. Children were grouped based on the presence of DBDs (n = 550) and typically developing (n = 550); assessments were based on the scores from the Child Behavior Checklist and on the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-age Children-Present and Lifetime version for DSM-5. The diffusion, structural, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were used as input data to the 3D CNN. The model achieved 72% accuracy in classifying children with DBDs with 70% sensitivity, 72% specificity, and an F1-score of 70. In addition, the discriminative power of the classifier was investigated by identifying the cortical and subcortical regions primarily involved in the prediction of DBDs using a gradient-weighted class activation mapping method. The classification results were compared with those obtained using the three neuroimaging modalities individually, and a connectome-based graph CNN and a multi-scale recurrent neural network using only the rs-fMRI data.
Self-concept dialectical transformation: A study in a women's prison

Abstract The present study investigated incarceration as a possible triggering factor of self-concept transformations. Self-conceptconsists of a set of multiple dimensions organized hierarchically functioning as cognitive schemas. It is a structuralcomplex product of reflective activity, and it is susceptible to changes as the individual encounters new situations, lifetransitions, and social roles. To investigate the transformations in the self-concept structure, 150 incarcerated womenresponded to the Feminine Inventory of the Self-Concept’s Gender Schemas, Self-Concept Clarity Scale and SituationalSelf-Awareness Scale. The results showed dynamic and multidimensional organization of self-concept in the womeninvestigated, including various categories of the self. The elements analyzed indicate that prison, an undesirable lifeevent in adulthood, is a driver of transformations in the dynamics of self-concept. Keywords : Prisons; Self; Self-concept; Self-perception; Women. Resumo O presente trabalho elegeu o encarceramento como possivel fator desencadeador de transformacoes no autoconceito.Este e composto por multiplas dimensoes do
Identification of seven serum microRNAs from a genome‐wide serum microRNA expression profile as potential noninvasive biomarkers for malignant astrocytomas

The involvement of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer and their potential as biomarkers of diagnosis and prognosis are becoming increasingly appreciated; however, little is known about circulating miRNA profiles in astrocytomas. In our study, we performed genome‐wide serum miRNA analysis by the Solexa sequencing followed by validation conducted in the training and verification sets with a stem‐loop quantitative reverse‐transcription PCR (RT‐qPCR) assay from serum samples of 122 untreated astrocytomas patients (WHO grades III–IV) and 123 normal controls. Identified miRNAs were subsequently examined in 55 grade II, 15 grade I astrocytomas, 11 astrogliosis, 42 other primary brain tumors and 8 tumor tissues from grades II–IV astrocytomas. In addition, paired serum samples before and after operation were collected from 14 malignant astrocytomas to determine the effect of surgery on the miRNAs' levels. A marked difference in serum miRNA profile was observed between high‐grade astrocytomas and normal controls. Seven miRNAs were validated by RT‐qPCR assay to be significantly decreased in grades II–IV patients (p < 0.001), including miR‐15b*, miR‐23a, miR‐133a, miR‐150*, miR‐197, miR‐497 and miR‐548b‐5p, and the seven‐miRNA panel demonstrated a high sensitivity (88.00%) and specificity (97.87%) for malignant astrocytomas prediction. These identified miRNAs also exhibited a global decrease in tumor tissues relative to normal tissues. Furthermore, these miRNAs in serum were markedly elevated after operation (p < 0.001). In addition, some of these serum miRNAs were significantly different between malignant and benign cases, astrogliosis and other primary brain tumors. The seven serum miRNAs identified in our study hold potential as noninvasive biomarker for malignant astrocytomas.
Relationship of Cardiac Size to Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Body Size in Men and Women

It has been suggested in previous studies that the difference in endurance performance between males and females is related to gender-specific differences in cardiac function. Other studies have not equated males and females for physical condition, and this may have contributed to the findings. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the difference in VO2max in groups of similarly trained males and females was explained by gender differences in cardiac size, fat-free weight (FFW) and hemoglobin concentration [( Hb]). Measurements of VO2max, FFW, [Hb] and cardiac size (LVM) were made on 19 males and 20 females comparable in age and cardiorespiratory capacity. The difference between men and women in LVM accounted for 68.3% of the gender difference in VO2max, and the combination of LVM and FFW accounted for 98.7% of the gender-related difference in VO2max. It was concluded that the gender difference in LVM accounts for a majority of the difference in VO2max in males and females, with other aspects of body size accounting for nearly all the remaining difference. The gender difference in heart size primarily reflects the smaller overall dimensions of women.
Influenza Vaccination as Secondary Prevention for Cardiovascular Disease: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology

Evidence from cohort studies and a randomized clinical trial indicates that annual vaccination against seasonal influenza prevents cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause mortality in patients with cardiovascular conditions. The American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology recommend influenza immunization with inactivated vaccine (administered intramuscularly) as part of comprehensive secondary prevention in persons with coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease (Class I, Level B). Immunization with live, attenuated vaccine (administered intranasally) is not currently recommended for persons with cardiovascular conditions. It is important to note that influenza vaccination coverage levels overall and in this population remain well below national goals and are marked by disparities across different age and ethnic groups. One of the barriers to vaccination for patients with cardiovascular disease is that cardiology practices frequently do not stock and administer influenza vaccine. Healthcare providers who treat individuals with cardiovascular disease can help improve influenza vaccination coverage rates by providing and strongly recommending vaccination to their patients before and throughout the influenza season.
Innovation enhancement in family business SMEs in Ghana

Purpose Family businesses are essential for economic growth and development through new business start-ups (entrepreneurship) and growth of existing ones. As competition is fierce, the ability of a company to buoy up its business practices and exceed its own – and its competition’s – expectations through innovation – is critical to survival. In managing family businesses (mostly small and medium-sized enterprises [SMEs]) in the current globally competitive landscape, entrepreneurs must be creative and behave in ways that galvanize workers to be innovative. This study attempts to ascertain the strategies management adopt to heighten innovation in family businesses. Design/methodology/approach Both qualitative and quantitative techniques were used for gathering and analysing data based upon which conclusions were drawn. Findings The study revealed that seven factors should be assessed by SMEs that are family firms to determine the innovative ideas that are promising to be pursued, which are the uniqueness of the idea, its market potential, cost, expert advice, the impact of both current and future environmental forces, availability of raw materials and supplies and the idea’s future appeal. Originality/value This is perhaps the first detailed study of strategies that could be adopted by entrepreneurs and/or managers to heighten innovation in small and medium family firms, which also points out the factors/criteria used to determine which initiatives have higher chances of success – hence deserving to be pursued.
Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Their potential health risks and sources at three non-urban sites in Japan

ABSTRACT This investigation was undertaken to monitor particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentrations in order to determine their emission sources and potential human health risks in remote and rural areas of Japan. Seventeen PAHs in aerosol samples collected in remote (Kamihaya), coastal (Hiki) and inland (Higashi-Hiroshima) areas of Japan during 2013–2014 were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Total PAH (Σ17PAH) concentrations in aerosol samples were in the range of 0.08–6.51 ng m−3, 0.09–4.74 ng m−3, and 0.21–6.53 ng m−3 at Kamihaya, Hiki, and Higashi-Hiroshima sites, with mean concentrations of 1.63, 1.18, and 2.43 ng m−3, respectively. Significant seasonal variation in concentrations occurred at Hiki and Higashi-Hiroshima, while no significant variation occurred at Kamihaya. Ambient air temperature greatly affected PAH concentrations in Higashi-Hiroshima, but had only moderate effects in Kamihaya and Hiki. Wind direction also influenced the concentrations of PAHs. Vehicle exhaust, industrial emissions, biomass combustion, and domestic heating and cooking were identified as the main PAH emission sources using principal component analysis. Backward trajectory calculations showed that domestically generated PAHs were significant in Kamihaya and Hiki, while in Higashi-Hiroshima concentrations were mainly influenced by long-range transport. The incremental lifetime lung cancer risk had values of 3.38 × 10−5 and 1.84 × 10−5 at Higashi-Hiroshima and Hiki, which are greater than the US EPA acceptable level (10−6). Typically, 5–6-ring PAHs contributed 95% to this overall health risk, of which benzo(a)pyrene was the largest contributor, followed by dibenz(a,h)anthracene at both residential sites. Clearly, stricter guidelines for PAHs need to be implemented at these sites to protect the population.
External Dynamic Capabilities : Creating Competitive Advantage in Innovation via External Resource Renewal

While prior research has examined how firms internally transform their resource base to develop new innovations, less is known about external paths of resource renewal. This study develops an external dynamic capabilities perspective to explain how firms create competitive advantage in innovation by leveraging resources that reside outside their boundaries. Building on Teece’s (2007) framework, constructs of external sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring dynamic capabilities are developed and operationalized in terms of organizational processes. Using survey data of firms, the mechanisms by which these external dynamic capabilities modify the firm’s resource base and contribute to competitive advantage in innovation are examined. The results show that competitive advantage in innovation rests to a large extent on the ability of innovating firms to sense opportunities for accessing new external resources, seize these external resources, and reconfigure them internally. The core contribution of this paper is to provide insights into the external resource renewal processes; it delivers a deeper understanding of how firms employ external dynamic capabilities to develop new resource positions and how they create competitive advantage in innovation on the basis of external resources.
Geographic Portfolio Allocations, Property Selection and Performance Attribution in Public and Private Real Estate Markets

This paper examines the effects of geographic portfolio concentrations on the return performance of U.S. public REITs versus private commercial real estate over the 1996–2013 time period. We document significant cross-sectional and temporal differences in the geographic concentration of property holdings across exchange-listed public and private real estate markets. Adjusting private market returns for differences in geographic concentrations with public markets, we find that core private market performance falls. This performance drop arises primarily from lower geographically adjusted retail performance. In contrast, geographically adjusted industrial and office property performance rises slightly while apartment performance remains relatively unchanged. Using return performance attribution analysis, we find that the geographic allocation effect constitutes only a small portion of the total return difference between listed and private market returns, whereas individual property selection within geographic locations explains, in part, the documented outperformance of listed versus private real estate market returns. This result also suggests the decision to allocate to a geographic location is relatively less important than the manager's ability to select and manage properties within that location. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Discount Rates and Asset Returns: Implications for Endowment Strategies

Many endowments and foundations set the annual dollar amount available for current operations as the product of the market value of assets and a relatively fixed spending rate market value spending policy. We show that a market rate spending policy adjusting the percentage of beginning of year assets available for current operations with changes in discount rates/expected returns better meets the key endowment objectives of stable spending and intergenerational neutrality.Fixed spending rates violate intergeneratinoal neutrality. Declining expected returns cause dollar spending to increase with the associated asset value increase beyond sustainable levels which lowers future spending. Some current spending is at the expense of future spending. The opposite occurs when expected returns rise.Market rate spending policies maintain intergenerational neutrality by adjusting spending rates with expected returns. In addition, when discount rates decline (increase) the lower (higher) spending rate offsets some of the impact of the increase (decrease) in asset values. Thus spending is actually more stable with market rate spending when investing in assets whose values are more sensitive to discount rate changes, i.e. longer duration assets. The impact of discount rates on spending volatility can be driven to near zero with investable long duration assets.Monte Carlo simulation analysis shows that market rate spending applied to an equity portfolio reduces year over year spending volatility by over 30% (versus market value spending). Year over year spending volatility using market rate spending applied to a long duration fixed income portfolio is about 70% lower than year over year spending volatility using market value spending applied to a market duration portfolio.
STRUCTURE OF CHEMICALCOMPOUNDS, METHODS OF ANALYSIS AND PROCESS CONTROL MODERN METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF CAROTENOIDS (REVIEW)

Qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis of carotenoids that are used to analyze drugs, dietary supplements, and food products are reviewed. UV and visible spectrophotometry and chromatographic methods, e.g., thin-layer (TLC), high-performance liquid (HPLC), and supercritical fluid (SFC) chromatography, are discussed. The importance of using hybrid chromatography methods with IR, NMR, and mass-spectroscopic detectors is demonstrated. The dependence of carotenoid chromatographic separation parameters on sorbate polarity (dipole moment) in TLC, HPLC, and SFC is demonstrated for the first time.
A Governance Study of Corporate Ownership in the Insurance Industry

This study focuses on family control and ownership patterns in the U.S. insurance industry. Conflicting theories argue that family firms perform worse due to nepotism and weak riskâ€ bearing attributes (Agency theory) or that family firms perform better because the unity of ownership and control reduces agency expenses (Stewardship theory). Our findings support the Stewardship view of the firm. Our findings also demonstrate that CEOâ€ Chairperson duality improves performance but that the combination of family and duality is subâ€ optimal. We further study implications of institutional investor and insider ownership, compensation structure, and leverage on performance.
Anti-interleukin 6 receptor antibody inhibits murine AA-amyloidosis.

OBJECTIVE AA-amyloidosis is a severe complication in chronic inflammatory diseases. AA-amyloidosis is caused by the deposition of insoluble fibrils containing AA amyloid protein derived from serum amyloid A (SAA), which is synthesized by inflammatory cytokine stimulation. We examined whether anti-interleukin 6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody prevented the development of AA-amyloidosis in mouse models. METHODS A transient model was induced by the injection of amyloid enhancing factor (AEF) and adjuvant treatment in C57BL/6 mice. Monoclonal IgG1 antibody, MR16-1, was injected intraperitoneally just once before the injection of AEF and adjuvant. After 2 and 5 weeks, mice were sacrificed and histologically examined. In contrast, a chronic model was induced by AEF injection into IL-6 transgenic mice. One week later, in order to avoid neutralizing antibody production, MR16-1 (200 mg/kg) was injected intravenously. MR16-1 (5 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously twice a week from the next week. Three and 6 weeks after AEF injection, mice were sacrificed and histologically examined. RESULTS In the transient model, amyloid deposition was observed in the spleen, liver, and kidney as early as 2 weeks after treatment. MR16-1 completely prevented amyloid deposition. Although IL-6 production was not suppressed, SAA production was significantly suppressed. In the chronic model, substantial amyloid deposition was seen in multiple organs and tissues as well as the spleen, liver, and kidney. MR16-1 suppressed amyloid deposition in many organs, even when injected one week after AEF injection; it showed a tendency to decrease SAA and IL-6 levels were decreased. CONCLUSION IL-6 is a key cytokine for the induction of AA-amyloidosis, and anti-IL-6R therapy appears promising for the treatment of AA-amyloidosis.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DECOMPRESSIVE CRANIECTOMY AFTER MASS LESION EVACUATION IN SEVERE HEAD INJURY

OBJECTIVEThis study was conducted to evaluate outcome after decompressive craniectomy (DC) in the setting of mass evacuation with or without intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. METHODSOver a 48-month period (March 2000 to March 2004), 54 of 967 consecutive head injury patients underwent DC for evacuation of a mass lesion. DC was performed without ICP monitoring in 27 patients who required urgent decompression (group A) and in 27 patients who did not require urgent surgery and who had their ICP monitored for 1 to 14 days before surgery (group B). RESULTSIn group A, the mean Glasgow Coma Scale score was 6.0; 80% had computed tomographic evidence of a shift greater than 5 mm; and 25 patients underwent DC immediately after resuscitation. In group B, the mean Glasgow Coma Scale score was 7.3; 40% had computed tomographic evidence of shift; and 75% underwent DC 24 hours or longer after presentation. Overall, 22 patients died (12 in group A and 10 in group B), 11 remained vegetative or severely disabled (3 in group A and 8 in group B), and 19 had good recovery (11 in group A and 8 in group B). Two patients were lost to follow-up. In 18 group B patients with ICP greater than 20 mm Hg before mass evacuation, ICP dropped an average of 13 mm Hg (P < 0.001). A mass lesion greater than 50 mL (odds ratio [OR], 2.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–7.89) and evidence of low attenuation on computed tomography before (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.1–10.3) or after (OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.02–8.34) DC were predictors of death. A good outcome occurred in 42% of patients with and in 63% of patients without delayed traumatic injury (OR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1–1.1). Outcome was favorable in 78.6% of patients who had no ICP monitoring before DC versus 47.1% of patients with ICP monitoring (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1–1.2). CONCLUSIONIn this study, mortality after DC for mass lesion was greater than expected, and outcome did not differ between patients with or without ICP monitoring.
Policy labs: the next frontier of policy design and evaluation?

The article explores the potential benefits to public policy of combining traditional evaluative inquiry with insights developed dynamically in policy labs. Twenty leading labs from five continents are critically analysed through a literature review as well as policy and programme evaluation practices, assessing the extent to which the purpose, structures and processes used in policy labs address three challenges: (1) establishing the causality and value of public interventions, (2) explaining mechanisms of change, and (3) utilising research findings in public policy. The article concludes that creating synergies between evaluation inquiry and policy labs can improve the design and implementation of public policy and programmes.