Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effortless Control Processing: A Heuristic Strategy for Reducing Cognitive Bias in Judgments of Control

The present investigation tested the prediction that effortless control processing, the deliberate activation of innate automatic encoding mechanisms, will enable nondepressed persons to accurately judge degree of control. Subjective judgment of control in nondepressed students was examined by a modification of the method developed by Jenkins and Ward (1965). The modification was based on Hasher and Zacks' (1979) version of the method. Several measures were used to assess students' representations of control. Students were asked to judge the degree of control their responses had over outcomes rather than the degree of contingency between responses and outcomes. To facilitate comparison of prior studies on the judgment of contingency with the present study, Jenkins and Ward's (1965) index of the actual degree of control was used. Their index used the magnitude of the difference between the conditional probability of an outcome given the occurrence of one response versus the conditional probability of the outcome given the occurrence of another response as representing degree of control or contingency. In this experiment, students instructed in effortful control processing and effortless control processing were presented with a series of problems in which there was no contingency between their responses and outcomes. The problems differed in the degree of favorable outcome frequency. Students' abilities to detect noncontingency between responses and outcomes under different conditions of outcome frequency was examined.
The Determinants of Husband Behavior in The Care of Pregnant Women

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Banyumas District are still below The Minimum Service Standard (MSS), especially in Puskesmas (Public Health Center) I Ajibarang. The strategies for reducing maternal mortality are conducted by increasing mother’s health status during pregnancy. This study aims at determining the factors of husband’s role in women’s prenatal care. Cross-sectional method was used. The populations were all of the pregnant women in Puskesmas I Ajibarang. Proportional random sampling was applied to select 90 pregnant women. Logistic regression was used to determine factors. Theory of planned behavior was used to explore the determinants of husband’s role. The results show that the level of education, family income, the knowledge, the attitude, and subjective norm are not related to husband’s role in mother prenatal care. However, husband’s behavior control (p=0.045) and intention (p=0.000) have relation with husband’s role in women prenatal care. Variable of intention is the most dominant variable related to husband’s role in women’s prenatal care.
Double neutron stars: merger rates revisited

We revisit double neutron star (DNS) formation in the classical binary evolution scenario in light of the recent Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO)/Virgo DNS detection (GW170817). The observationally estimated Galactic DNS merger rate of $$R_{\rm MW} = 21^{+28}_{-14}$$ Myr^−1, based on three Galactic DNS systems, fully supports our standard input physics model with R_MW = 24 Myr^−1. This estimate for the Galaxy translates in a non-trivial way (due to cosmological evolution of progenitor stars in chemically evolving Universe) into a local (z ≈ 0) DNS merger rate density of R_local = 48 Gpc^−3 yr^−1, which is not consistent with the current LIGO/Virgo DNS merger rate estimate ($$1540^{+3200}_{-1220}$$ Gpc^−3 yr^−1). Within our study of the parameter space, we find solutions that allow for DNS merger rates as high as $$R_{\rm local} \approx 600^{+600}_{-300}$$ Gpc^−3 yr^−1 which are thus consistent with the LIGO/Virgo estimate. However, our corresponding BH–BH merger rates for the models with high DNS merger rates exceed the current LIGO/Virgo estimate of local BH–BH merger rate (12–213 Gpc^−3 yr^−1). Apart from being particularly sensitive to the common envelope treatment, DNS merger rates are rather robust against variations of several of the key factors probed in our study (e.g. mass transfer, angular momentum loss, and natal kicks). This might suggest that either common envelope development/survival works differently for DNS (∼10–20 M_⊙ stars) than for BH–BH (∼40–100 M_⊙ stars) progenitors, or high black hole (BH) natal kicks are needed to meet observational constraints for both types of binaries. Our conclusion is based on a limited number of (21) evolutionary models and is valid within this particular DNS and BH–BH isolated binary formation scenario.
Evolution of the f σ 8 tension with the Planck 15 / Λ CDM determination and implications for modified gravity theories

We construct an updated extended compilation of distinct (but possibly correlated) $f{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{8}(z)$ redshift space distortion (RSD) data published between 2006 and 2018. It consists of 63 datapoints and is significantly larger than previously used similar data sets. After fiducial model correction we obtain the best fit ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{0m}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{8}$ $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ parameters and show that they are at a $5\ensuremath{\sigma}$ tension with the corresponding $\text{Planck}15/\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ values. Introducing a nontrivial covariance matrix correlating randomly 20% of the RSD datapoints has no significant effect on the above tension level. We show that the tension disappears (becomes less than $1\ensuremath{\sigma}$) when a subsample of the 20 most recently published data is used. A partial cause for this reduced tension is the fact that more recent data tend to probe higher redshifts (with higher errorbars) where there is degeneracy among different models due to matter domination. Allowing for a nontrivial evolution of the effective Newton's constant as ${G}_{\mathrm{eff}}(z)/{G}_{\mathrm{N}}=1+{g}_{a}{(\frac{z}{1+z})}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{g}_{a}{(\frac{z}{1+z})}^{4}$ (${g}_{a}$ is a parameter) and fixing a $\text{Planck}15/\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ background we find ${g}_{a}=\ensuremath{-}0.91\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.17$ from the full $f{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{8}$ data set while the 20 earliest and 20 latest datapoints imply ${g}_{a}=\ensuremath{-}{1.28}_{\ensuremath{-}0.26}^{+0.28}$ and ${g}_{a}=\ensuremath{-}0.4{3}_{\ensuremath{-}0.41}^{+0.46}$ respectively. Thus, the more recent $f{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{8}$ data appear to favor GR in contrast to earlier data. Finally, we show that the parametrization $f{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{8}(z)=\ensuremath{\lambda}{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{8}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}(z{)}^{\ensuremath{\gamma}}/(1+z{)}^{\ensuremath{\beta}}$ provides an excellent fit to the solution of the growth equation for both GR (${g}_{a}=0$) and modified gravity (${g}_{a}\ensuremath{\ne}0$).
Enzyme-Catalyzed Polymerizations of ε-Caprolactone: Effects of Initiator on Product Structure, Propagation Kinetics, and Mechanism

Studies were undertaken to gain mechanistic information on lactone ring-opening polymerization reactions using porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) as the catalyst and e-caprolactone (e-CL) as the monomer. Polymerizations were carried out at low water levels (0.13 mmol) and supplemented with either butanol or butylamine. Rates of monomer conversion, product molecular weight, total chain number, and chain end structure were determined by 1H NMR. In the presence of water alone, a maximum Mn of 7600 g/mol was obtained at 85% conversion, which decreased to 4200 g/mol as the reaction continued to 98% conversion. Reactions with butanol and butylamine at 100% conversion gave polymers with Mn values of 1900 and 1200 g/mol, respectively. For these three polymerizations, the total number of polymer chains increased with conversion due to a simultaneous increase in carboxylic acid chain ends. Within 4 h (∼26% monomer conversion), butylamine was completely consumed but only 37% of butanol reacted. Reactions with butylamin.
Study of The Optimization Condition Of Batch Sterilization Using Genetic Algorithm

The present work is designed to study the parameters interaction of sterilization processes in batch bioreactors (fermentors of volume 120 liter with medium of 56784 kg). he parameters include the effects of sterilization temperatures (117-126 o o C for the same contaminant and compared with actual data. This study is achieved by designed procedure and simulation program useful for the optimization of batch sterilization cycle in large-scale fermentors. The method of optimization used is Genetic Algorithm (GAs) which uses probability to find the optimum condition for the sterilization cycle and to find Del factor; which is the reduction value of initial to final number of microorganism s, and then evaluate the cost which depend on amount of steam consumed in the sterilization processes Graphical relations was indicated that as fermentor size increase, the time of heating also increase. For low temperature the time of holding was increased and for high temperature the time of holding was decreased. Also these relations were investigated the best conditions between holding time and Del factor for degradation at different temperatures.
Inflation as a Global Phenomenon - Some Implications for Policy Analysis and Forecasting

We evaluate the performance of inflation forecasts based on the open-economy Phillips curve by exploiting the spatial pattern of international propagation of inflation. We model these spatial linkages using global inflation and either domestic slack or oil price fluctuations, motivated by a novel interpretation of the forecasting implications of the workhorse openeconomy New Keynesian model (Martínez-García and Wynne (2010), Kabukcuoglu and Martínez-García (2014)). We find that incorporating spatial interactions yields significantly more accurate forecasts of local inflation in 14 advanced countries (including the U.S.) than a simple autoregressive model that captures only the temporal dimension of the inflation dynamics.
The refractory-to-ice mass ratio in comets

We review the complex relationship between the dust-to-gas mass ratio usually estimated in the material lost by comets, and the Refractory-to-Ice mass ratio inside the nucleus, which constrains the origin of comets. Such a relationship is dominated by the mass transfer from the perihelion erosion to fallout over most of the nucleus surface. This makes the Refractory-to-Ice mass ratio inside the nucleus up to ten times larger than the dust-to-gas mass ratio in the lost material, because the lost material is missing most of the refractories which were inside the pristine nucleus before the erosion. We review the Refractory-to-Ice mass ratios available for the comet nuclei visited by space missions, and for the Kuiper Belt Objects with well defined bulk density, finding the 1-σ lower limit of 3. Therefore, comets and KBOs may have less water than CI-chondrites, as predicted by models of comet formation by the gravitational collapse of cm-sized pebbles driven by streaming instabilities in the protoplanetary disc.
1 Rapidity of genomic adaptations to prasinovirus 2 infection in a marine microalga 3

Prasinoviruses are large dsDNA viruses commonly found in aquatic systems worldwide, 13 where they can infect and lyse unicellular prasinophyte algae such as Ostreococcus. Host 14 susceptibility is virus strain-specific, but resistance of susceptible Ostreococcus tauri strains to a 15 virulent virus arises frequently. In clonal resistant lines that re-grow, viruses are usually present for 16 many generations, and genes clustered on chromosome 19 show physical rearrangements and 17 differential expression. Here, we investigated changes occurring during the first two weeks after 18 inoculation of viruses. By serial dilutions of cultures at the time of inoculation, we estimated the 19 frequency of resistant cells arising in virus-challenged O. tauri cultures to be 10-3–10-4 of the 20 inoculated population. Re-growing resistant cells were detectable by flow cytometry 3 days post21 inoculation (dpi), visible re-greening of cultures occurred by 6 dpi, and karyotypic changes were 22 visually detectable at 8 dpi. Resistant cell lines showed a modified spectrum of host-virus 23 specificities and much lower levels of OtV5 adsorption. 24
Performance of Immittance Spectral Pairs ( ISP ) in LPC Scalar Quantizer Schemes

Immittance Spectral Pairs (ISP) was recently proposed as an alternative to LSP for parametrizing an LPC filter. The ISP parametrization for an LPC filter of order p consist of p− 1 ‘frequency’ parameters and a ‘gain’ parameter, as opposed to p ‘frequencies’ of the LSP. ISP shares with LSP the ordering property for the ‘frequencies’ and, similarly, it comes with necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability of the LPC filter. Preliminary experimental results of LPC quantization showed that ISP is a potential favorable competitor to LSP. This paper presents the results of an experimental comparative study of the performance of ISP and LSP in several coding schemes. The results consistently show advantage of ISP over LSP with no increase in computational complexity.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil rotifers in a South-Bohemian beech forest

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a variacao sazonal e a distribuicao vertical de comunidades de rotiferos edaficos em uma floresta de faias em climax, no Sul da Boemia. Durante 2005, as comunidades de rotiferos edaficos foram estudadas ate o nivel da especie. Amostras de 10 cm2 de area com 10 cm de profundidade foram divididas em cinco camadas, que foram processadas separadamente. Trinta e uma especies de rotiferos foram identificadas durante a investigacao. Todas as especies dominantes tiveram variacoes significativas durante as estacoes climaticas. As especies mais abundantes foram Encentrum arvicola e Wierzejskiella vagneri entre os monogonontes e Adineta steineri, Ceratotrocha cornigera, Habrotrocha filum, Habrotrocha ligula, Macrotrachela plicata, Mniobia tentans, Mniobia incrassata e Mniobia granulosa entre os bdelloides. O indice medio de diversidade de Shannon variou entre 1,99 e 2,63. A abundância total de rotiferos variou entre 212±63 e 513±127 103 individuos por m2 ao ano, com os maiores numeros encontrados em maio e os menores em julho. A maior parte da comunidade estava concentrada na camada superior (liteira fresca) e na segunda camada (liteira parcialmente decomposta) e diminuiu significativamente no perfil vertical do solo em todas as datas de coleta. A maior densidade de rotiferos, de 43 individuos g-1, foi encontrada na camada superior em maio.
Externally definable sets and dependent pairs II

Author(s): Chernikov, A; Simon, P | Abstract: We continue investigating the structure of externally definable sets in NIP theories and preservation of NIP after expanding by new predicates. Most importantly: types over finite sets are uniformly definable; over a model, a family of non-forking instances of a formula (with parameters ranging over a type-definable set) can be covered with finitely many invariant types; we give some criteria for the boundedness of an expansion by a new predicate in a distal theory; naming an arbitrary small indiscernible sequence preserves NIP, while naming a large one doesn’t; there are models of NIP theories over which all 1-types are definable, but not all n-types.
Cut-off Rate based Outage Probability Analysis of Frequency Hopping Mobile Radio under Jamming Conditions

This paper deals with the achievable spectral efficiency and outage analysis of short burst frequency hopping (FH) mobile radios under heavy jamming scenarios. With the use of outage probability analysis based on cut-off rate, the maximum spectral efficiency (bits / dimension) and the required number of radio frequency bursts (RFB) (or degrees of freedom) is determined in order to transmit a message reliably for a given target outage probability, number of information bits (message information length) and constellation. A Cut-off rate approach is exploited in order to take the influence of constellation into account, and outage metric is obtained depending on the jamming state, fading, number of RFB and constellation. On-off jamming with a given probability assignment is assumed for each burst. It is shown that the message length limits the achievable rate of the system. An upper bound on the code rate as a function of message length is derived for given outage probability, constellation, and channel statistics.
The Effects of Tax on Bank Liability Structure

This paper examines the effects of taxation on the liability structure of banks. We derive testable predictions from a dynamic model of optimal bank liability structure that incorporates bank runs, regulatory closure and endogenous default. Using the supervisory data provided by the Bank of Italy, we empirically test these predictions by exploiting exogenous variations of the Italian tax rates on productive activities (IRAP) across regions and over time (especially since the global financial crisis). We show that banks endogenously respond to a reduction in tax rates by reducing nondeposit liabilities more than deposits in addition to lowering leverage. The response on the asset side depends on the financial strength of the bank: well-capitalized banks respond to a reduction in tax rates by increasing their assets, but poorly-capitalized banks respond by cleaning up their balance sheet.
Barriers to Entry and Regional Economic Growth in China

The non-state manufacturing sector has been the engine of China's economic transformation. Up through the mid-1990s, the sector exhibited large regional differences; between 1995 and 2004 we observe rapid convergence in terms of productivity, wages, and new firm start-up rates. To analyze the drivers of this behavior, we construct a Hopenhayn (1992) model that incorporates location-specific capital wedges, output wedges, and a novel entry barrier. Using Chinese Industry Census data we estimate these wedges and examine their role in explaining differences in performance across prefectures and over time. Entry barriers turn out to be the salient factor explaining performance differences. We investigate the empirical covariates of these entry barriers and find that barriers are causally related to the size of the state sector. Thus, the downsizing of the state sector after 1997 may be important in explaining the regional convergence and manufacturing growth after 1995.
Nanoemulgel for Transdermal Delivery of Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride : Design , Characterization and In-Vitro Studies

An ideal drug delivery system is that fulfills the objective of spatial placement and temporal delivery resulting maximized therapeutic effect and least toxicity. The pharmaceutical scientists are using a wide range of methods to improve the bioavailability of poorly water‐soluble drugs coming out of high throughput screening in drug discovery process. With the progress in time and growth of science and technology, the dosage forms have evolved from simple mixtures and pills into highly sophisticated technology intensive systems, which are known as novel drug delivery systems (NDDS). Different approaches have materialized into various forms of NDDS such as microemulsions, multiple emulsions, liposomes, niosomes, micospheres, pharmacosomes, virosomes, dendrimers, etc., Most often the problems associated with these delivery systems are their stability and predictability in biological systems which reduce their clinical potential, although each one is associated with its own strong points [1,2].
Surfactant detecting wireless sensor cloud

Multiple studies have found an association between cleaning agents and a negative impact on respiratory health. Most of these studies have been based on statistical analyses and questionnaires but no studies have monitored the presence of cleaning agents in indoor air and their relation to health symptoms. As cleaning agents are believed not to become airborne unless aerosolized, no sensors monitoring cleaning agents in indoor air have been developed. In this master’s thesis, a way of detecting cleaning agents in indoor air through continuous monitoring of the indoor environment is developed. In order to detect potential airborne cleaning agents that have a strong effect on surface tension, a condensing system is built to condense liquid from the humidity in air. A galvanometer is used to develop a tensiometer, based on the Du Noüy ring method, that measures surface tension of the condensate by measuring the force required to tear off a ring from a liquid surface. A wireless sensor network with a gateway that sends measurement data to a cloud service is built. The cloud service provides simple data storage and data access through any web-browser. The developed tensiometer is shown to be able to detect solutions below 1ppm of Genapol X080, a chemical used in cleaning agents. Using the tensiometer and sensor network, chamber studies are performed. The results indicate that Genapol X080 becomes airborne when diluted in distilled water and the Genapols effect on the condensate is detectable by the tensiometer.
Cyberbullying among secondary school teachers by parents

Cyberbullying which is known as violence on the Internet is a dimension of peer bullying takes places through electronic communication technologies. Cyberbullying which can occur in any environment regardless of the time and place is the way in which individuals with higher ability to use communication technologies to lead other individuals in a series of negative behaviors over time. With the rapid development of technology and the ease with which internet access becomes easier and cheaper, it becomes a problem that needs to be studied more and more importantly day by day. Facebook, twitter and whatss up, the most widely used social network today, has the potential to become the most commonplace for cyberbullying behaviors. The purpose of this study was to determine cyberbullying towards teachers by parents in secondary schools based on teachers views according to sex, tenure and school size. The sample of the study was 181 teachers from 14 secondary schools. The experiences and perspectives of 181 teachers were assessed regarding the incidence and perceptions of the likelihood of cyber harassment by parents. The results presented here indicate that nearly3/4 of teachers in the sample had received harassing or threatening messages from parents.