Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human papillomavirus prevalence and type in liquid-based cervical samples from Turkish women in a selected risk group

Results: Of those enrolled in the study, 45.3% were negative cytologically, 36.4% had atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, 0.3% had atypical squamous cells preventing the exclusion of a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 16.8% showed a low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and 1.3% had an high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Conclusion: PCR assays showed HPV positivity in 63.0% of cytologically negative and 90.8% of cytologically positive samples. The most common types of HPV detected were 16, 6, 18, 31, 66, 56, 53, 81, 45, and 62. Of HPV DNA-positive samples, 47.7% were high, 4.7% were intermediate, and 17.9% were low risk. The high-risk types of HPV detected were 16, 18, 31, 56, 53, 45, 62, 58, 59, 67, 51, 35, 73, 52, 33, 39, 68, and 82.
The influence of some phytoadditives on growth performances and meat quality in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

The experiment aimed to determine the bioproductive effects of the administration of phytoadditives in rainbow trout feeds. The additives were represented by garlic, ginger, oregano and Echinacea that where added into rainbow trout feed in proportions of 2% garlic (L1E), 1% ginger (L2E), 1% oregano (L3E) and 0.5% Echinacea (L4E). The experimental period was 116 days. The greatest weight gain was recorded in the L3E group and the lowest in the L4E group. The highest specific growth rate was recorded in the L4E group. The lowest feed conversion ratio was recorded in the L3E group and the highest in the control group Analyzing the meat chemical composition, the highest increase in dry matter was recorded in L1E group compared with the control group; the biggest increase in the Gross Protein value was recorded in L4E group, the L3E group showing a decrease compared with the control group. Regarding the Gross Fat content, the highest value was recorded in the L1E compared to the control group while the L3E group showed a decrease of GF content, compared with the control group. The results obtained confirm the beneficial effects of these phytoadditives on the growth and consumption indices in rainbow trout.
Evaluation of polyphenolic contents and antioxidant activity of wildly collected Ganoderma lucidum from central Himalayan hills of India

Ganoderma lucidum, a unique woody and spongy mushro om, belonging to family Ganodermataceae is widely distributed throughout the world. It is a highly me dicinal mushroom which is being consumed for its ph armaceutical value rather than as food. To evaluate the polyphen olic contents (flavanoids) of both methanolic and a queous extracts, and evaluate its anti- oxidant activity a gainst ABTS [2, 2' ‐azinobis (3-ethylenebenzothiazo line-6sulphonate)] and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy l) free radicals. Phenolic contents were determined by using Ci0calteu method and aluminium clod method respecti vely using quercetin catechol as a standard. Extrac t containing predominant amount of phenolic was evalu ated for its anti- oxidant activity against ABTS an d DPPH free radicals. And its activity was compared with q uercetin and ascorbic acid. In this study, G. lucid um’s methanloic extract was found to contain 9.245 ± 0.184 mg Catec hol Eq/gm sample dry weight of total phenolics and 2.140 ± 0.132 mg Quercetin Eq/gm sample dry weight of flava noids which was quite higher than its aqueous extra ct. It was also found to possess anti- oxidant activity with I 50 value of 1.162 ± 0.016 mg/ml against DPPH and 0.555 ± 0.009 mg/ml against ABTS free radicals. These findings demonstrate that G. lucidum has a po tent anti- oxidant activity which can be used in formulation of many anti- oxid ant products. It can be use as a source of phenolic s, and can be regarded as a potent herb for various ailments caus ed by oxidant species.
Research Summary 14, Taxing for the state? Politics, revenue and the informal sector in Ghana.

Introduction The informal sector forms a significant and growing proportion of the economy in developing countries. There is increasing interest – from governments but also from informal sector workers themselves – in the potential benefits of taxing the informal sector, but little is known about how to do this. It is commonly assumed that there are two main constraints: administrative and logistical problems, and political obstacles (the informal sector forms an important vote bank for politicians). However, the experience in Ghana, where the Ghana Private Road Transport Union (GPRTU) has been collecting taxes from informal workers on behalf of the government since 1987, suggests that, in certain contexts, these problems can be overcome. The case is of particular interest because, contrary to prevailing views that political interference leads to inefficiency in the public service, success was intricately linked to politics. But the arrangement outlived the particular political circumstances in which it was initiated. The case also offers an example of administrative innovation which could be of wider interest in taxing the informal sector. The conclusion highlights the generic relevance of the Ghanaian case.
Establishment of a Digital Knowledge Conversion Architecture Design Learning with High User Acceptance

The purpose of this study is to design a knowledge conversion and management digital learning system for architecture design learning, helping students to share, extract, use and create their design knowledge through web-based interactive activities based on socialization, internalization, combination and externalization process in addition to learning in the “design studio” at school. In addition, the technology acceptance model3 is used in this study to measure how students accept the system developed in this study by analyzing the user behavioral and environmental factors that can affect their use of the system. The results of questionnaire surveys based on TAM3 indicate that this digital learning environment based on knowledge management can effectively reduce the challenge of “ill-defined design problems” for students and help to promote better learning results. Therefore, it can be concluded that the knowledge transfer learning system developed in this study is very helpful for learning of architecture design.
Elicitating the willingness to pay for mobile virtual goods

This study gives an outline of modern methods of willingness to pay (WTP) elicitation in the realm of private goods. The empirical study applying Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) for WTP elicitation of mobile virtual goods was conducted. Subsequently, the advantages and disadvantages of CVM were discussed. Additionally, the logistic regression analysis and the classification and regression trees (CART) analysis were used in order to distinguish the variables that influence the WTP for mobile virtual goods. Finally, comparison of the predictive ability of both approaches was performed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Analysis.
T-stress determination using thermoelastic stress analysis

T-stress and mixed-mode stress intensity factors have been determined experimentally using thermoelastic stress analysis and using a finite element method. Pure mode I, strong mixed-mode I and II, and interacting cracks have been used as the case studies. A new technique has been proposed to identify the crack tip from thermoelastic images. It has also been shown that using three terms of Williams's stress field formulation to determine the T-stress, yields a more accurate solution than using only the first two terms of the expansion.
Mounting AIDS Awareness Through Educational Intervention: How Effective Can It Be? -

Background: School education has been described as a powerful preventive tool against HIV/AIDS. Policy makers have often recommended that schools can act as the center point for disseminating information and education on this killer disease. Objectives: To assess the level of awareness, attitude and beliefs regarding HIV/AIDS among school children and to raise their awareness by imparting health education focusing on HIV/AIDS prevention. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out covering all students studying in 9th and 11th standard of two purposively selected public schools of Meerut. Information was collected on a pre-tested and predesigned questionnaire. Results: All the students had heard about HIV/AIDS whereas only 100 students (31%) knew the difference between HIV/AIDS. Approximately one-third of the students had knowledge about all the high risk groups for the disease. Lower percentages (46%) of the students were aware of sexually transmitted infections whereas greater proportion (64%) of the subjects knew about ICTCs. More than half (56%) students believed that HIV infected people should be shown a friendly attitude. A smaller number (29%) of students said that HIV/AIDS education should be included in the school curriculum. Our educational intervention could raise awareness to 87.5% from the baseline. Conclusion: The inclusion of HIV/AIDS education in the school curriculum is imperative to protect them and their counterparts from falling prey to this still-an –incurable killer disease.
Large-scale structure of the fast solar wind

We present the results of a comprehensive study of the fast solar wind near solar minimum conditions using interplanetary scintillation (IPS) data taken with the EISCAT system in northern Scandinavia, and a recent extremely long baseline observation using both EISCAT and MERLIN systems. The results from IPS observations suggest that the fast wind inside 100 solar radii (R-circle dot) can be represented by a two-mode model in some cases but this distinction is much less clear by in situ distances beyond 1 astronomical unit (215 R-circle dot). Two distinct fast streams are seen in the extremely long baseline IPS observation; comparison of the IPS line of sight with a synoptic map of white light indicates the faster mode overlies the polar crown and the slower fast mode overlies an equatorial extension of the polar coronal hole.
CVD GROWTH and CHARACTERIZATION OF 2D TRANSITION METAL DICHALCOGENIDES, MoS2 and WS2

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC), specifically molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide have received significant attention as their direct bandgap exhibits a shift from indirect to direct as the layer goes to single molecular thickness (2D). Hence, they have high potential to pave way for novel optoelectronic devices. However, their structural and optical properties are still not completely understood, especially, spatial change of photoluminescence intensities, variations in excitons-trions, and shift in peak wavelengths in these 2D flake structures need further investigation. In this research work, after growing TMDCs using chemical vapor deposition technique, in addition to measuring micro Raman and photoluminescence spectra, we performed dark field microscopy measurements and photoluminescence mappings to identify grain boundaries and seeding particles. The results clearly show that the flakes, which look lie single-piece through the optical spectroscopy images, in fact, include grain boundaries, seeds and wrinkles. Photoluminescence maps reveal that emission occurs due to different mechanisms such as excitons and trions, depending on the locations on the flakes where the measurement is performed. Our results show that there are different routes that emission can occur and 2D TMDCs provide a rich variety of alternatives to realize novel photonic devices.
Value Relevance of Earnings and Book Value: Evidence from Jordan

This paper examines the value relevance of earnings and book value of equity (individually and in aggregate), relative to price and return models, for Jordanian industrial companies for the period 1992 to 2002. The main findings of this paper are twofold. First, relative to price model, the value relevance of both earnings and book value (individually) have increased, whilst the value relevance of earnings increased and book value became irrelevant in their combination. Secondly, relative to return model, the value relevance of earnings either individually or in aggregate has increased while that of book value has declined. Overall, it is found that earnings are more important in explaining the variance in share price and return than book value. Furthermore, the results indicate that earnings and book value individually are more value relevant in price model. In contrast, these variables in aggregate are more value relevant in return model. The study shows that earnings help more in explaining market values in Jordanian industrial companies. This paper is the first in using price and return models in one study in Jordan.
Consumers¡¯ Perceptions of Green Marketing in the Hotel Industry

This paper attempts to explore the evolution of green marketing in the hotel industry. This study is guided by three research questions: (1) to explore the level of understanding of local and international tourists on green marketing; (2) to gather tourists’ points of view if marketers have failed or they have never really tried to adopt the concept; and (3) to examine the level of awareness of tourists relating to green practices embraced by hotels. Purposive sampling using the Maximum Variation Sampling (MVS) technique is used to capture a wide range of perspectives in selecting the respondents. The discussion reveals that the concept has evolved hastily in developed countries while it is an emerging trend in developing countries like Malaysia. While some hotels have already begun to respond to environmental concerns in the country, the lack of promotions and advertisements have become part of the causes of knowledge non-appearance. This paper further concludes that green marketing concept should not just be adopted as a marketing tactic, but has to be considered with much greater dynamism, as it has ecological and social elements within it.
An evaluation of the extent and threat of bark harvesting of medicinal plant species in the Venda Region, Limpopo Province, South Africa

La flora medicinal de la region de Venda consta de una variedad de especies, que potencialmente pueden proporcionar agentes terapeuticos para tratar diferentes enfermedades. El uso de la corteza con propositos medicinales se ha informado para aproximadamente 30% de las especies lenosas (153 especies) en el sur de Africa, en la region de Venda. Sin embargo, solo 58 especies vegetales son cosechadas por las propiedades medicinales en su corteza, y vendidas en tiendas muthi en la region. Estas 58 especies se clasificaron por la posible amenaza de cosecha de su corteza, relacionado con la supervivencia de las plantas. Estudios etnobotanicos indican que el creciente comercio de plantas medicinales indigenas en Sudafrica esta siendo una amenaza para la conservacion y preservacion de muchas especies vegetales. Ademas de las companias farmaceuticas, el comercio de plantas medicinales se ha convertido en una forma de vida para algunas personas. Este estudio investigo el patron de comercio de las plantas medicinales en los mercados locales en la region de Venda, Provincia de Limpopo, Sudafrica. Los resultados indican que la cosecha de corteza puede amenazar algunas de las especies vegetale
Factors Affecting the Probability of Bankruptcy

The majority of classification models developed have used a pool of financial ratios combined with statistical variable selection techniques to maximise the accuracy of the classifier being employed. Rather than follow an "ad hoc" variable selection process, this paper seeks to provide an economic basis for the selection of variables for inclusion in bankruptcy models, which are based on accounting information. Variables which occur in bankruptcy probability expressions derived from the solution of an stochastic optimising model for a firm are 'proxied' by variables constructed from financial statement data. The random nature of the life time of a single firm provides the rationale for the use of duration or hazard-based statistical methods in the validation of the derived bankruptcy probability expressions. The Cox (1972) proportional hazards model is used to estimate the coefficients and standard errors that are required for the validation of the derived bankruptcy probability expressions. Results of the validation exercise confirm that the variables included in the empirical hazard formulation behave in a way that is consistent with the model of the firm.
The Origin of Niningerite in EH3 Silica-Bearing Chondrules

Summary of Petrographic Observations: Despite substantial textural variations, the SiO 2 - and sulfide-bearing mineral assemblages typically have ragged rela-tionships with orthopyroxene and, in places, forsterite grains. This texture suggests substitution of the former for the latter. Silica phase is typically amorphous and porous and contains substantial amounts of Na and S, suggesting that it formed while the chondrules were partially molten [10]. Niningerite and troilite are inters-persed within the silica phase in nearly equal propor-tions. Relatively large grains of both sulfides typically contain silicates as small inclusions. Niningerite is also common on the periphery of rounded enstatite grains enclosed within silica. In some occurrences oldhamite occurs with niningerite and troilite. The niningerite shows minor variations in Mn and Fe contents, with the average composition being Mg 0.71 Fe 0.18 Mn 0.11 S. The troilite and oldhamite are nearly pure end-members. The pyroxene displays substantial FeO variations (up to 3 wt.%) and, in places, compositional zoning with FeO decreasing outward. Some low FeO pyroxene grains enclose small blebs of troilite and niningerite. There is no Fe metal in the silica-sulfide assemblage.
Effects of Cytozyme Crop Plus on Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. Plant Yield

The effects of various concentrations of Cytozyme Crop Plus (CCP) on Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. plant yield have been examined in this study. Single doses of 50 and 100 ml per decare of CCP were pulverized on seedlings of 15 cm height after second flowering, which have been given normal care. In addition, 50 ml per decare has been aplied twice in a separate parcel. The data obtained from the three replicates organized according to random blocks trial pattern have been compared with the control. In the trial parcel where daily irrigation and care procedures were carried out, specific yield values have been examined after har- vest. The root length, stem height, fresh and dry weights and N, P and K contents in the root, stem and fruit have been determined besides average number of fruits in the plant, fruit diameter, number of carpels, dry and fresh weight of fruit, % dry matter, col- our of fruit and sugar content analyses. According to the data obtained, CCP is found to be effective on the yield of tomato plant by increasing the dry matter and sugar content in fruit compared to control group, depending on the concentration and application.
Forgetting We Forget: Overconfidence and Memory

Do individuals have unbiased beliefs, or are they over- or underconfident? Overconfident individuals may fail to prepare optimally for the future, and economists who infer preferences from behavior under the assumption of unbiased beliefs will make mistaken inferences. This paper documents overconfidence in a new domain, prospective memory, using an experimental design that is more robust to potential confounds than previous research. Subjects chose between smaller automatic payments and larger payments they had to remember to claim at a six-month delay. In a large sample of college and MBA students at two different universities, subjects make choices that imply a forecast of a 76% claim rate, but only 53% of subjects actually claimed the payment.
Supplementation of the protist Chilomonas paramecium with a highly unsaturated fatty acid enhances its nutritional quality for the rotifer Keratella quadrata

We tested whether a fatty acid supplementation technique using bovine serumalbumin (BSA) as a carrier, previously developed for autotrophic protists, is also appropriate for supplementation of Chilomonas paramecwm-a flagellated heterotrophic protist. Chilomonas paramecium was successfully enriched wth euosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), both known to be essential for crustacean zooplankton. Preparing C. paramecium enriched with EPA and DHA in concentrations similar to those found in Cryptomonas phaseolus, an alga known to support high growth and reproduction of Kerafella, allowed us to test the direct nutritional effects of EPA and DHA on population growth and reproduction of the rotifer Keratella quadrata. Growth rates and egg production were highest when K. quadrata was fed with C. phaseolus. Compared to non-supplemented C. paramecium, egg production of K. quadrata was significantly enhanced on a diet of C. paramecium enriched with DHA, whereas no significant effects could be attributed to EPA enrichment. We conclude that DHA is important for reproduction of K. quadrata but cannot explain the majority of the difference in food quality between C. paramecium. and C. phaseolus.
Maternal Knowledge and Practices towards Sanitation and Their Relationships with Occurrence of Diarrhoea in Children

Diarrhoea, a major contributor of childhood morbidity and mortality is mostly caused by poor hygiene and sanitation. Literature reveal that hygiene practices at household levels greatly affects the occurrence of diarrhoea among children. A cross sectional study was conducted to determine association between hygiene knowledge and practices of mothers with occurrence of diarrhoea in young children below 3 years in the tribal villages of Gujarat. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit information on personal hygiene (PH), food Hygiene (FH), and environmental Hygiene (EH) practices of 536 mothers with children between 6-36 months of age. Past one month diarrhoeal episodes were recorded using the recall method. The mean percent scores for FH, PH and EH practices were 77%, 88% and 80% respectively. Almost 35% children suffered from diarrhoea in the past one month of which 10 were admitted to the hospital. Diarrhoeal incidences were associated with FH and EH practices (p<0.001) and not with PH practices. Improvement in the environmental and personal hygiene practices of the mothers can contribute largely in reducing the prevalence of diarrhoea among children in Chikhli taluka of Gujarat.
Overmassive black holes in the MBH–σ diagram do not belong to over (dry) merged galaxies

Semi-analytical models in a $\Lambda$CDM cosmology have predicted the presence of outlying, "overmassive" black holes at the high-mass end of the (black hole mass -- galaxy velocity dispersion) $M_{\rm BH} - \sigma$ diagram (which we update here with a sample of 89 galaxies). They are a consequence of having experienced more dry mergers -- thought not to increase a galaxy's velocity dispersion -- than the "main-sequence" population. Wet mergers and gas-rich processes, on the other hand, preserve the main correlation. Due to the scouring action of binary supermassive black holes, the extent of these dry mergers (since the last significant wet merger) can be traced by the ratio between the central stellar mass deficit and the black hole mass ($M_{\rm def,*} / M_{\rm BH}$). However, in a sample of 23 galaxies with partially depleted cores, including central cluster galaxies, we show that the "overmassive" black holes are actually hosted by galaxies that appear to have undergone the lowest degree of such merging. In addition, the rotational kinematics of 37 galaxies in the $M_{\rm BH} - \sigma$ diagram reveals that fast and slow rotators are not significantly offset from each other, also contrary to what is expected if these two populations were the product of wet and dry mergers respectively. The observations are thus not in accordance with model predictions and further investigation is required.