Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Estimation of Electromagnetic Field Exposure from Cellular Mobile Base Station Towers in Densely Populated Residential Areas

To increase the coverage area there is tremendous growth in cellular antenna installations on mobile towers, this increases the electromagnetic field exposure in nearby areas. This work presents measurements taken near the cellular mobile towers which are situated in densely populated urban areas in India. Measurements were conducted at distances ranging from 10m to 150m at height 1.5m and it is along the radiating direction of the antenna using a 3 axis field strength meter KM 195 to obtain power densities and electric field intensities. It was observed that most of the cellular base station antenna sites following the Indian guidelines for cellular phone radiation measurements. The average power density noted is 3479.65 μW/m. A total 80 % of the power densities increase beyond 500 μW/m. The amplitude of electromagnetic field exposure (EMF) depends on distance, height of base station tower, number of antennas on base station tower and direction. In densely populated residential areas the line of site distance available was up to 100m and thereafter non line of site distance exists. It is observed that line of site power density was greater than non line of site power density. The results shows that, especially in some places near the cellular base stations the power densities were more and at some other places densities were too low, it is found that there was drastic change in power density and electric field intensity everyday and by measuring the general electromagnetic field exposure one can provide this data to the agencies who were control the electromagnetic field exposure and minimize the undesirable health effects. General Terms General electromagnetic field exposure, Residential field exposure, Electromagnetic radiation etc.
A Detailed Investigation and Analysis of Using Machine Learning Techniques for Intrusion Detection

Intrusion detection is one of the important security problems in todays cyber world. A significant number of techniques have been developed which are based on machine learning approaches. However, they are not very successful in identifying all types of intrusions. In this paper, a detailed investigation and analysis of various machine learning techniques have been carried out for finding the cause of problems associated with various machine learning techniques in detecting intrusive activities. Attack classification and mapping of the attack features is provided corresponding to each attack. Issues which are related to detecting low-frequency attacks using network attack dataset are also discussed and viable methods are suggested for improvement. Machine learning techniques have been analyzed and compared in terms of their detection capability for detecting the various category of attacks. Limitations associated with each category of them are also discussed. Various data mining tools for machine learning have also been included in the paper. At the end, future directions are provided for attack detection using machine learning techniques.
What works for Active Labor Market Policies

The past 5 years have witnessed a flurry of RCT evaluations that shed new light on the impact and cost effectiveness of Active Labor Market Policies (ALMPs) aiming to improve workers´ access to new jobs and better wages. We report the first systematic review of 102 RCT interventions comprising a total of 652 estimated impacts. We find that (i) a third of these estimates are positive and statistically significant (PPS) at conventional levels; (ii) programs are more likely to yield positive results when GDP growth is higher and unemployment lower; (iii) programs aimed at building human capital, such as vocational training, independent worker assistance and wage subsidies, show significant positive impact, and (iv) program length, monetary incentives, individualized follow up and activity targeting are all key features in determining the effectiveness of the interventions.
Obturator Hernia With Meckel ’ s Diverticulum In Hernial Sac

Introduction In clinical practice, ascites treatment is, in majority of cases, unsatisfactory and followed by multiple complications. During the therapy, some side effects,in relation to therapeutic method, may occur. The aim of the study was to compare the level of tolerance and effectiveness of ascites therapy in applying abdominal puncture versus diuretics between two groups of patients to establish connection and differences in applied treatments. Patients and methods. There were 60 patients examined with ascites 3+ and 4+ divided into two equal groups. First group was treated by abdominal puncture several times a week while patients in the other group were administered diuretics either monotherapeutically or in combination. Majority of patients (86.7%) experienced no side effects after applied therapeutic protocol. 6,7% of patients experienced abdominal pain, 3.3% of them had cramps, ailment 1.7% and nausea 1.7% with no statistic difference between two groups of patients (p>0.05). Registered side effects were mild (5%) to moderate (8.3%), while only 1.7% of patients treated by abdominal puncture experienced leaking of ascitic fluid at the puncture site. Conclusion. No major statistic difference between groups of patients was recorded in relation to side effects and complications in applied ascites therapy (p>0.05). Abdominal puncture and diuretics were both equally well tolerated in hospital conditions. Potential risk in ascites therapy can be reduced to the smallest possible extent by intensive observation of the patient.
Organisational efficacy and the role of management control system in construction industry

Article history: Received 28 November 2017 Received in revised form 6 December 2017 Accepted 13 December 2017 Published 30 December 2017 Management control system is putatively vital for management to resemble organisational performance.The objective of the study is to understand the role of management control system in organisational efficacy. Management control system has obtained growing attention within both academia and industry as part of OE. As works of literature grow, finding new directions by critically evaluating the research and identifying future trends has become central in advancing knowledge for the field. This paper will review some of the work done in this area of study. Applying management control system as a theoretical lens, we develop a research plan from current OE and management control system literature by offering propositions for future research where management control system may permeate contemporary OE topics. In doing so, we provide an initial foundation for organisational efficacy scholars to both incorporate the role of management control system effects into research and launch new research stream.
Melatonin and the thyroid gland

This review briefly summarizes the published data on relationships observed between melatonin – the main pineal hormone, and the thyroid gland. The prevailing part of the survey is devoted to thyroid growth processes and function. A large experimental evidence exists suggesting the inhibitory action of melatonin on thyroid growth and function; this effect has been revealed by using different experimental models: by chronic and short-term melatonin administration in vivo, by light restriction, which is known to increase the activity of the pineal gland, by pinealectomy, etc., as well as by employing the in vitro conditions. Thus, much information has been accumulated, indicating – in experimental conditions – a mutual relationship between the pineal gland and the thyroid. The confirmation of these relations in clinical studies in humans meets numerous difficulties, resulting – among others – from the fact that, nowadays, human beings, as well as certain animal species, used in experimental studies, have been living far away from their natural and original habitat. It makes almost impossible to compare the results obtained in particular studies performed in different species, on the pineal-thyroid interrelationship. R E V I E W
Therapeutic Class Overview Incretin Mimetics &

INTRODUCTION  Diabetes mellitus affects approximately 29.1 million people in the United States (U.S.), which is approximately 9.3% of the population (American Diabetes Association [ADA] Diabetes Basics, 2017).  Diabetes mellitus is defined as a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia that result from defects in the secretion and action of insulin (ADA Diabetes Basics, 2017).  The classification of diabetes includes 4 clinical classes: 1) type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) which results from betacell (β-cell) destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency, 2) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) which results from a progressive insulin secretory defect on the background of insulin resistance, 3) other specific types of diabetes due to other causes, eg, genetic defects in β-cell function, genetic defects in insulin action, diseases of the exocrine pancreas (such as cystic fibrosis), and drugor chemical-induced (such as in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS] or after organ transplantation), and 4) gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy that is not clearly overt diabetes) (ADA, 2017).  Insulin is the standard treatment for T1DM. Pharmacologic options for T2DM include sulfonylureas (SFUs), biguanides, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), meglitinides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, amylinomimetics, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, combination products, and insulin.  The GLP-1 receptor agonists (albiglutide, dulaglutide, exenatide, exenatide extended-release [ER], liraglutide, and lixisenatide) were developed to mimic the effects of endogenous GLP-1 and are Food and Drug Administration (FDA)approved as adjunctive therapy to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with T2DM.  Pramlintide is the only amylin analog, or amylinomimetic, in the class, and is FDA-approved as an adjunctive treatment with insulin in patients with T1DM or T2DM who have failed to achieve desired glucose control despite optimal insulin therapy. It is a synthetic analog of human amylin, a naturally occurring neuroendocrine hormone synthesized by pancreatic β-cells that contributes to glucose control during the post-prandial period.  This review will focus on the GLP-1 receptor agonists and pramlintide and their respective FDA-approved indications for treatment of diabetes. Liraglutide (SAXENDA®) is also indicated as adjunctive therapy for chronic weight management; however, the use of liraglutide for this indication will not be included in this review.  Medispan class: Endocrine and Metabolic Drugs
Domestic Investment and Foreign Direct Investment Flows In Nigeria

In the heat of the scramble of externally injected fundForeign Direct Investmentespecially among developing economies, a mound body of literature has sprung up to investigate and unravel the theoretical plausibility of the rationale behind FDI; the traditional, or contemporary, determinants of FDI; and, of recent, the causative pattern of FDI and some core macro-variable. This paper took an interesting turn to investigate the impact of domestic investment on FDI inflows in Nigeria. Adopting a decomposed, single-linear econometric model estimated by the OLS methodology within four decade {1970-2009}, and after subjecting the data set through series of preliminary tests, the findings were robust: private and public domestic investments as well as human capital and market size are negatively related to FDI inflows, while trade openness and natural resource are positively linked to FDI. Thus, being proponents advocating for more FDI, the policy implications engendered by these findings, in a peculiar manner of writing, is summarized in the triple-recommendation letters FDI.
Chemical vapor deposition of TiN on transition metal substrates

The growth of chemical vapor deposited TiN from a reaction gas mixture of TiCl4, N2 and H2 was investigated on three different transition metal substrates: Fe, Co and Ni at deposition temperatures ranging from 850 °C to 950 °C. The interactions between the substrate metals and the gas phase were investigated using thermodynamic calculations. The TiN coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and transmission Kikuchi diffrac-
Supplementary Information : Multistability and critical thresholds of the Greenland Ice Sheet

REMBO uses the ERA-40 climatology [1] over the boundary ocean points to drive the energy-moisture balance model over Greenland. In this study, we applied a spatially constant temperature anomaly to the ERA40 temperature data in all experiments. We prescribed the summer temperature anomaly and we defined the winter anomaly to be twice as large. A sine curve produced the seasonally-varying temperature anomaly actually seen by REMBO. A temperature anomaly that is twice as strong in winter is consistent with predictions from the CMIP3 AOGCMs [2, 3] (see Fig. S1a). Even higher “winter amplification” could occur, however in the AOGCMs, such values are only seen early in the transient simulations, while they tend to equilibrate towards a factor of 2.0. Since the choice of this value has less of an effect on melting itself and more effect precipitation changes, and in order to limit the computational needs of the ensemble, we chose to keep the winter amplification factor constant at 2.0 and treat precipitation separately. Meanwhile, surface melting in Greenland occurs only during summer, so it is
INCLUSIVE FINANCE, GROWTH AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA: A THRESHOLD COINTEGRATION APPROACH

Empirical literature argues that financial inclusion has positive impact on growth, reduce inequality and poverty. This paper has twofold. First, it aims to provide a measurement of financial inclusion in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) as an oil-rich economy during the period 1980-2016 by the construction of a comprehensive index. Second, we study the incidence of financial inclusion on growth and human development through a set of socioeconomic leading variables. Using GMM methodology, our results suggest that financial inclusion is highly and positively correlated to human development index, and to employed share of adult population. Conversely, financial inclusion is insignificantly negatively correlated to per capita real GDP and highly negatively correlated to the share of rural population and to the share of women in adult population. In this study we take in consideration the non-linearity between inclusive finance, economic growth and human development by performing threshold cointegration and Granger-causality tests. Our findings show that there is non-linear causal relationship between financial inclusion, human development and economic growth in the long-run while in the short-run neither financial inclusion nor economic growth Granger-causes each other. This result is in concordance with previous empirical studies in the case of oil-based economies. Our findings could help policy-makers and regulators in KSA to design an inclusive financial sector taking into account the specificities of the Saudi economy.
Mining Player In-game Time Spending Regularity for Churn Prediction in Free Online Games

In the free online game industry, churn prediction is an important research topic. Reducing churn rate of a game significantly helps with the success of the game. Churn prediction helps a game operator identify possible churning players and keep them engaged in the game via appropriate operational strategies, marketing strategies, and/or incentives. Most churn prediction models are based on game-specific features, which limits their applicability to other games that do not share those features. In this paper, we consider developing universal features for churn predictions for long-term players. In particular, we mine player time spending regularity from data sets of two free online games. We leverage information from players’ in-game time spending regularity in the form of universal features for churn prediction. Experiments show that our developed features are better at predicting churners, compared to the baseline features. The performance of our developed features is satisfactory even without game-specific features.
FORMATION AND RAPID EXPANSION OF DOUBLE DIFFUSIVE LAYERING IN LAKE NYOS

This contribution addresses a fascinating case of double-diffusion (DD) in lakes. In Dec. 2002, 26 well-mixed layers (thicknesses: 0.2 2.1 m) separated by sharp interfaces were discovered in Lake Nyos – the dreaded “Killer Lake” in Cameroon – although no signs of DD have been reported since the catastrophic CO2 eruption in 1986. The heat fluxes increased by an order of magnitude since the onset of DD convection and continuously reduce the stability, which leads to rapid expansion of the DD zone.
Late Cretaceous non-avian dinosaurs from the James Ross Basin, Antarctica: description of new material, updated synthesis, biostratigraphy, and paleobiogeography

Although the fossil record of non-avian dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of Antarctica is the poorest of any continent, fossils representing at least five major taxonomic groups (Ankylosauria, early-diverging Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae, Titanosauria, and Theropoda) have been recovered. All come from Upper Cretaceous (Coniacian–Maastrichtian) marine and nearshore deposits belonging to the Gustav and Marambio groups of the James Ross Basin at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. The majority of these finds have come from the Campanian–Maastrichtian Snow Hill Island and Lopez de Bertodano formations of James Ross and Vega islands. Given the rarity of Antarctic Cretaceous non-avian dinosaurs, discoveries of any fossils of these archosaurs, no matter how meager, are of significance. Here we describe fragmentary new ornithischian (ankylosaur and ornithopod) material from the upper Campanian–lower Maastrichtian Cape Lamb Member of the Snow Hill Island Formation and the Maastrichtian Sandwich Bluff Member of the Lopez de Bertodano Formation. One of these specimens is considered to probably pertain to the holotypic individual of the early-diverging ornithopod Morrosaurus antarcticus. We also provide an up-to-date synthesis of the Late Cretaceous non-avian dinosaur record of the James Ross Basin and analyze the biostratigraphic occurrences of the various finds, demonstrating that most (including all named taxa and all reasonably complete skeletons discovered to date) occur within a relatively condensed temporal interval of the late Campanian to early Maastrichtian. Most or all James Ross Basin dinosaurs share close affinities with penecontemporaneous taxa from Patagonia, indicating that at least some continental vertebrates could disperse between southern South America and Antarctica during the final stages of the Mesozoic. Citation: Lamanna M C, Case J A, Roberts E M, et al. Late Cretaceous non-avian dinosaurs from the James Ross Basin, Antarctica: description of new material, updated synthesis, biostratigraphy, and paleobiogeography. Adv Polar Sci, 2019, 30(3): 228-250, doi: 10.13679/j.advps. 2019.0007
Associations between eating habits and food intake in Austrian adolescents 1

Objective: Dietary habits play an important role in the prevention of chronic diseases as well as the development of children and adolescents. Changes in lifestyle patterns during the last several decades have contributed to less structured eating behaviors in youth which could also affect food choices. There remains, however, limited research on the association between eating habits and food consumption in Austrian youth. Methods: A total of 165 students (55% male) between 11 and 16 years of age from 9 middle school classes in the federal state of Tyrol, Austria participated in the study. Information on the frequency of meal consumption (breakfast, lunch, dinner, snacks between meals) along with the frequency of the consumption of various foods was obtained via a questionnaire that was administered during regular class time. In addition, body weight (kg) and height (cm) was measured according to standard procedures. Results: The majority of participants reported daily lunch and dinner (85% and 70%, respectively) while only 52% reported daily breakfast consumption. Almost half of the participants (46%) reported having late night snacks at least once a week. Regular breakfast consumption was associated with healthier dietary choices even though there was an association with higher intake of sweets. Late night snacks, on the other hand, were associated with higher consumption of fast food and softdrinks. Conclusion: Regular breakfast appears to be an important contributor to the establishment of healthy dietary patterns even though healthy food choices should be emphasized. The detrimental effects of late night snacks on food choices may indicate the importance of regular meal patterns during the day. Regular family meals also allow parents to have more control over food choices of their children and to serve as role model. Further, healthy food choices should be emphasized in school and after-school settings.
Data Set Extension with Generative Adversarial Nets

This thesis focuses on supplementing data sets with data of absent classes by using other, similar data sets in which these classes are represented. The data is generated using Generative Adversarial Nets (GANs) trained on the CelebA and MNIST data sets. In particular, this thesis involves Coupled GANs (CoGANs), Auxiliary Classifier GANs (AC-GANs) and a novel combination of the two, Coupled Auxiliary Classifier GANs (CoAC-GANs). The abilities of these GANs to generate image data of domain-class combinations that were removed from the training data are compared. Classifiers are trained on the generated data to investigate the usefulness of the generated data for data set extension. The results show that AC-GANs and CoAC-GANs can be used successfully to generate labeled data from domain-class combinations that are absent from the training data. Furthermore, they suggest that the preference for one of the two types of generative models depends on training set characteristics. Classifiers trained on the generated data can accurately classify unseen data from the missing domain-class combinations. ii Data Set Extension with Generative Adversarial Nets