Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between coronary plaque morphology of the left anterior descending artery and 12 months clinical outcome: the CLIMA study.

AIMS The CLIMA study, on the relationship between coronary plaque morphology of the left anterior descending artery and twelve months clinical outcome, was designed to explore the predictive value of multiple high-risk plaque features in the same coronary lesion [minimum lumen area (MLA), fibrous cap thickness (FCT), lipid arc circumferential extension, and presence of optical coherence tomography (OCT)-defined macrophages] as detected by OCT. Composite of cardiac death and target segment myocardial infarction was the primary clinical endpoint. METHODS AND RESULTS From January 2013 to December 2016, 1003 patients undergoing OCT evaluation of the untreated proximal left anterior descending coronary artery in the context of clinically indicated coronary angiogram were prospectively enrolled at 11 independent centres (clinicaltrial.gov identifier NCT02883088). At 1-year, the primary clinical endpoint was observed in 37 patients (3.7%). In a total of 1776 lipid plaques, presence of MLA <3.5 mm2 [hazard ratio (HR) 2.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-4.0], FCT <75 µm (HR 4.7, 95% CI 2.4-9.0), lipid arc circumferential extension >180° (HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-4.8), and OCT-defined macrophages (HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2-6.1) were all associated with increased risk of the primary endpoint. The pre-specified combination of plaque features (simultaneous presence of the four OCT criteria in the same plaque) was observed in 18.9% of patients experiencing the primary endpoint and was an independent predictor of events (HR 7.54, 95% CI 3.1-18.6). CONCLUSION The simultaneous presence of four high-risk OCT plaque features was found to be associated with a higher risk of major coronary events.
Hubungan Mekanisme Koping dengan Tingkat Stres Pada Pasien Fraktur

Fraktur dapat mengakibatkan kehilangan fungsi fisik sehingga dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya stres. Pasien yang mengalami stres tampak gelisah, kurang nafsu makan, cemas dan mereka berupaya menarik diri dengan diam dan melamun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan mekanisme koping dengan tingkat stres pada pasien fraktur di Ruang Trauma Centre RSUP. Dr. M. Djamil Padang Tahun 2013. Jenis penelitian adalah korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional study . Jumlah sampel 60 orang, diambil secara Purposive Sampling . Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner tingkat stres dan kuesioner COPE. Analisa data univariat yang digunakan yaitu distribusi frekuensi dan analisa bivariat menggunakan uji Lambda. Hasil analisa univariat didapatkan 50% mengalami stres ringan, 68,3% menggunakan mekanisme koping adaptif didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara mekanisme koping dengan tingkat stres dengan kekuatan lemah dan arah positif, dimana (p=0,004) dan (r=0,300). Disarankan kepada perawat untuk dapat memperhatikan manifestasi klinis stres dan pasien fraktur yang menggunakan mekanisme koping maladaptif, untuk dapat mengatasi stres dengan cara bertanya pada orang terdekat, penilaian secara positif dan menganjurkan menggunakan koping adaptif.
Relationship between Placental Location, Blood Group, Genotype and Parity in Port Harcourt Women

Aim: Placental location affects the outcome of pregnancy. The influence of certain maternal factors on placental location is unknown. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between placenta location, maternal blood group, maternal genotype and parity among Port Harcourt women. Methodology: The study was a retrospective study which investigated the Relationship Between Placental Location, Blood Group and Genotype in Port Harcourt Women in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. A survey of pregnant women from October 1, 2013, to September 30, 2017, as well as delivery of the pregnancy, was undertaken using medical records. 250 antenatal/post-natal medical records of parous women were randomly selected at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Placental locations were recorded. Each placenta was categorized as anterior, posterior and fundal. Lateral placentas located on the left or right portion of the anterior and posterior uterine walls were classified as anterior and posterior respectively. Data were also collected for other variables such as maternal blood group, genotype and parity. Results: Anterior placenta was predominant (47%) followed by the posterior placenta (45%) while Fundal was the least (8%). Majority of the women were of the O blood group (67.6%), blood group A (18%) was next, blood group B (13%) while AB (1.2%) was the least. Genotype AA was predominant (83.6%), followed by AS (15.6%) whereas genotype SS (0.8%) was the least. The distribution of parity showed that women who had given birth twice designated as Two were predominant (33.2%), followed by those who had given birth once designated as One, (30.8%), Three (19.2%) while Four and above, (10.8%) were the least. The association between placenta location and blood group was not significant (p>0.05). Similarly, there was no significant association between placenta location and genotype (ρ>0.05). However, there was a significant association (p<0.05) between placenta location and parity. Conclusion: Placental location had no association with blood group and genotype but was associated with parity. There was an absence of a relationship between placental location and these factors.
Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with Eosinophilia and Rearrangement of PDGFRA, PDGFRB, or FGFR1, or with PCM1-JAK2

A group of rare myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms characterized by rearrangement of the PDGFRA, PDGFRB, or FGFR1 genes, resulting in the formation of fusion transcripts and aberrant tyrosine kinase activity. Eosinophilia is a characteristic finding but it is not always present. T his group includes the myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with t(8;9) (p22;p24.1);PCM1-JAK2 as a provisional entity. Qeios · Definition, February 7, 2020
Reaffirmation of the importance of follow-up ultrasound studies in patients with high D-dimers and clinical suspicion of vein thrombosis

Background Venous thromboembolism is a common disease seen in the emergency department and a cause of high morbidity and mortality, constituting a major health problem. Objectives To assess the potential benefit of follow-up ultrasound of patients who attended the emergency department with suspected superficial venous thrombosis or deep venous thrombosis and were found to have an initial negative whole-leg (or arm) ultrasound study. Methods This retrospective study included patients aged 18 years or older who were consecutively referred to a thrombosis clinic from the emergency department, with abnormal D-dimer test and moderate to high pre-test probability of deep venous thrombosis (Well's score ≥ 1), but a negative whole-leg (or arm) ultrasound. Demographic characteristics, symptom duration, laboratory and ultrasound data were recorded. At one-week follow-up, an experienced physician repeated ultrasound, and recorded the findings. Results From January 2017 to April 2018, 54 patients were evaluated. The mean age was 66.8 years (SD 15.0) and 63% were women. The average D-dimer was 2159.9 (SD 3772.0) ng/mL. Ultrasound abnormalities were found in 12 patients (22.2%; 95% confidence interval of 12.5 to 36.0%), with 4 patients having proximal deep venous thrombosis, distal deep venous thrombosis in 2 patients and superficial venous thrombosis in 6 patients. We did not find any significant differences in demographic characteristics, venous thromboembolism risk factors or laboratory parameters between patients with negative and positive follow-up ultrasound. Conclusions These preliminary findings suggest that a negative whole-leg (or arm) ultrasound in addition to an abnormal D-dimer in moderate to high deep venous thrombosis pretest probability patients, might be an insufficient diagnostic approach to exclude suspected deep venous thrombosis or superficial venous thrombosis. Confirmation of this higher than expected prevalence would support the need to repeat one-week ultrasound control in this population.
The discovery of morphological productivity

A dynamic approach to the acquisition of morphologically complex words assumes that, initially, all words are interpreted holistically. At later stages of acquisition, increasingly more words are analyzed and morphological regularities are discovered. When productivity is defined as the chance that a newly formed word is produced on the basis of a particular affix (Baayen and Lieber 1991), discovering morphological regularity can be interpreted as discovering productivity. This study finds evidence that contradicts an earlier study (Lowie 2000) which suggested that morphological productiv ity starts playing a role only at the most advanced levels of acquisition. The current study used response latencies to test productivity cross-section ally by comparing English native speaker response rates to those of Dutch learners of English at different levels of proficiency. Using this paradigm, productivity was evident from the earliest stages of acquisition and, at advanced levels, awareness was found even of the productivity of marginally productive affixes.
Integrative analysis of the metabolic signatures of ageing and age-related diseases

Ageing is a complex process and is the strongest risk factor for many diseases. To elucidate processes underlying biological ageing, many studies have investigated the associations of individual metabolites or genes with age and age-related phenotypes. While these studies improved our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms for many diseases, they have their limitations. Analysing phenotypes separately in classical association studies typically neglects relationships and interactions between and across different phenotypes (e.g. comorbidities), genes (e.g. pleiotropy), and metabolites (e.g. through shared biochemical pathways). The aim of this thesis was to better understand age-related phenotypes and their interdependencies through exploring shared underlying processes. To this end, I first identified biomarkers of ageing and age-related diseases, focusing on chronic kidney disease, using metabolomics and glycomics technologies. I identified several metabolites associated with leukocyte telomere length, a common marker of biological ageing. Then I investigated the associations of molecular phenotypes with renal disease. Analysing metabolomic profiles associated with renal function in diabetic and non-diabetic cohorts illustrated similarities between the different aetiologies of kidney disease, such as the lack of renal conversion of amino acids, but also differences, particularly of lipid and energy metabolism. Subsequent analyses identified changes of Immunoglobin G glycosylation as a novel inflammatory pathway involved in renal disease. Then, I assessed the potential of the faecal metabolome as a functional readout of the gut microbial community to investigate its association with biological ageing. While faecal metabolites were only moderately associated with age and renal function, they showed great potential as novel profiling method for studying the microbiome, particularly with respect to obesity. Next, I integrated metabolomics data from plasma, urine, and saliva to model cross-fluid metabolism individually for kidney disease patients and healthy controls. By comparing both models, I identified metabolic key processes impaired in kidney disease. Finally, I integrated metabolomic and glycomic biomarkers of ageing with other omics markers as well as extensive phenotypic data to investigate their multivariate interdependencies, underlying the comorbidities of agerelated diseases. This comprehensive integration of age-related phenotypes highlighted several molecular mechanisms that potentially cause the joint occurrence of diseases with age. Considering the complex aetiologies of different diseases and their dependencies will be needed to facilitate personalised healthcare. In conclusion, I have shown the future potential of systems and network biology approaches for understanding disease mechanisms and precision medicine.
Handedness, language areas and neuropsychiatric diseases: insights from brain imaging and genetics

The brain signature and genetic basis of handedness are unclear. Wiberg et al. show that left-handers have higher functional connectivity between language networks, and identify four genomic regions associated with handedness. Variants within these regions appear, by influencing brain architecture, to predispose both to left-handedness and to certain neuropsychiatric diseases.
Dynamic Object Tracking and 3-D Visualization from Big Visual Data

We propose an automatic system which dynamically tracks video objects (human and vehicle) and create their 3-D visualization from big visual data. Big visual data implies that all videos are collected from either static or mobile surveillance cameras. Our goal is to track a video object within such a surveillance camera network. To achieve this goal, several tracking scenarios must be carefully dealt with. In this work, we focus on tracking under a single static camera, tracking under a single moving camera, and tracking across multiple moving cameras. In the case of tracking under a single static camera, our proposed work is mainly based on constrained multiple-kernel tracking framework. For human tracking, the system adopts a Kalman filter to predict and refine the tracking results. A pre-trained human detector is further applied to solve initial merging issues. For human tracking across multiple static cameras, a self-organized and scalable multiple-camera tracking system that tracks human across cameras with nonoverlapping views is proposed. For vehicle tracking, our proposed approach regards each patch of the 3-D vehicle model as a kernel, and track the kernels under certain constraints facilitated with the 3-D geometry of the vehicle model. Meanwhile, a kernel density estimator is designed to fit the 3-D vehicle model during tracking. By elegant application of the constrained multiple-kernel (CMK) tracking facilitated with the 3-D vehicle model, the vehicles are able to be tracked efficiently and located precisely. As for tracking under a single moving camera, we propose a robust moving platform based object tracking system, and apply to human tracking. Our work effectively integrates Visual Simultaneous Localization And Mapping, pedestrian detection, ground plane estimation, and kernel-based tracking techniques. The proposed system systematically detects the pedestrians from recorded video frames and tracks the pedestrians in the V-SLAM inferred 3-D space via a tracking-by-detection scheme. In order to efficiently associate the detected pedestrian frame-by-frame, we propose a novel tracking framework, combining the CMK tracking and the estimated 3-D (depth) information, to globally optimize the data association between consecutive frames. By taking advantage of the appearance model and 3-D information, the proposed system not only achieves high effectiveness but also handles efficiently occlusion in the tracking. Based on the results of tracking under a single moving camera, we propose a new framework to track on-road pedestrians across multiple driving recorders. More specifically, we treat the problem as a multi-label classification task, determining whether a specific pedestrian belongs to one or several cameras’ field of views by considering the association likelihood of the tracked pedestrians. The likelihood is calculated based on the pedestrians’ motion cues and appearance features, which are necessarily transformed via brightness transfer functions obtained by some available spatially overlapping views…
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Was Alleviated by Salidroside Through Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation During Denervation

Skeletal muscle atrophy is a common and debilitating condition that lacks an effective therapy. Oxidative stress and inflammation are two main molecular mechanisms involved in muscle atrophy. In the current study, we want to explore whether and how salidroside, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, protects against skeletal muscle atrophy induced by denervation. First, oxidative stress and inflammatory response were examined during myotube atrophy induced by nutrition deprivation. The results demonstrated that oxidative stress and inflammatory response were induced in cultured myotubes suffered from nutrition deprivation, and salidroside not only inhibited oxidative stress and inflammatory response but also attenuated nutrition deprivation-induced myotube atrophy, as evidenced by an increased myotube diameter. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatrophic properties of salidroside in cultured myotubes were confirmed in denervated mouse models. The mice treated with salidroside showed less oxidative stress and less inflammatory cytokines, as well as higher skeletal muscle wet weight ratio and larger average cross sectional areas of myofibers compared with those treated with saline only during denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Moreover, salidroside treatment of denervated mice resulted in an inhibition of the activation of mitophagy in skeletal muscle. Furthermore, salidroside reduced the expression of atrophic genes, including MuRF1 and MAFbx, autophagy genes, including PINK1, BNIP3, LC3B, ATG7, and Beclin1, and transcription factor forkhead box O3 A (Foxo3A), and improved the expression of myosin heavy chain and transcriptional factor phosphorylated Foxo3A. Taken together, these results suggested that salidroside alleviated denervation-induced muscle atrophy by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation.
Idiopathic Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)-Induced Cardiomyopathy: The Role of Catheter Ablation

Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are common and are considered benign in the absence of structural heart disease. However, high burden of PVCs potentially on 24-hour Holter monitoring, can potentially cause left ventricular dysfunction. In this case, catheter ablation has been demonstrated to be effective at PVC suppression and is associated with improvement or normalization of ventricular function. This form of reversible ventricular dysfunction termed as PVC cardiomyopathy and its pathogenesis is poorly understood at the current time. Rhythmos 2019;14(3):51-54.
Preprocessing digital retinal images for vessel segmentation

The information contained in the retinal vasculature is used to diagnose the onset of retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy. However, due to non-uniform illumination and variations in imaging modalities, the contrast between the retinal blood vessels network and the background is very low, encumbering the analysis and the diagnosis processes. This prompts the need for preprocessing digital fundus images to remove noise and improve contrast thus increasing the segmentation accuracy of the retinal vasculature. In this study, we address issues of nonuniform illumination and low contrast by developing a framework that implements shade correction, image enhancement and prepares the digital fundus images for the next stage.
Situating Vulnerability and Exploitation in Street-Level Drug Markets: Cuckooing, Commuting, and the “County Lines” Drug Supply Model

The emergence of “county lines” drug dealing, a supply model which sees drug dealers travel from urban hubs to provincial locations to retail heroin and crack cocaine, is now established in the United Kingdom. This market trend has been associated with novel and evolving distribution practices, yet arguably most problematic is its reliance on forms of exploitative labor undertaken by vulnerable populations. Drawing principally on interviews with local drug-involved adults, this article is the first to undertake in-depth analysis of their experience of risky street-level labor in “host” towns. Findings suggest that despite violence and intimidation, many saw county lines labor as preferable to other income generating activity, and contrary to popular enforcement narratives, they often became involved though constrained choice. As such, it is argued that the policy response might resemble one of building resilience through multiagency support, which better equips “structurally vulnerable” populations to exit exploitative relationships.
Efficacy of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy for Esthesioneuroblastoma

Esthesioneuroblastoma is rare, with limited therapeutic options when unresectable or metastatic; however, expression of somatostatin receptors qualifies it for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). We report outcomes of PRRT in esthesioneuroblastoma from 2 referral centers. Methods: Using PRRT databases at 2 European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society Centers of Excellence, cases were sought between 2004 and 2018 of patients who had PRRT with recurrent or metastatic esthesioneuroblastoma deemed unsuitable for further conventional therapies. Evaluations of survival and of response using a composite reference standard were performed. Results: Of 7 patients, 4 had partial response, 2 had disease stabilization, and one had early progression. Possible side effects include worsening cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Median progression-free survival was 17 mo (range, 0–30 mo), and median overall survival was 32 mo (range, 4–53 mo). Conclusion: PRRT shows promising efficacy and moderate survival duration in unresectable locally advanced or metastatic esthesioneuroblastoma warranting larger cohort studies incorporating measures of quality of life.
The effect of face washing frequency on acne vulgaris patients

Background: Patients with acne often wash their faces twice a day, but there are not many studies supporting this practice. Methods: A single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in 38 subjects, divided into three groups based on face washing frequency (once, twice, and thrice a day). All groups used the same cleanser. The acne vulgaris severity and the number of lesions were assessed prior to study. After eight weeks, we re-assessed the acne severity, the number of lesions, the adverse event and patient’s self-evaluation. SPSS 17 was used to analyze the face washing frequency and the number of acne lesions. Results: Reduction in the average number of acne lesions was found in once and twice face washing groups, while the thrice group had increased number of acne lesions. The frequency of face washing with the number of lesions provided significant result in group 1, but it only reduced the number of comedones ( p value = 0.041). Conclusion: Acne patients with only comedones lesions can be advised to wash their faces once a day. Keywords: acne vulgaris, face washing, frequency Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE