Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phenomena associated with sick leave among primary care patients with Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms: A systematic review

Abstract Objective. To explore and synthesize the literature on phenomena associated with sick leave among patients with Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms (MUPS). Design. A systematic review of the literature was undertaken in three phases: (1) a search of the following databases: Medline, Embase, Psych Info, Cochrane Collaboration Library, Digital Dissertations, DiVA, SweMed +, NORART, and ISI Web of Science, (2) selection of studies based on pre-specified inclusion criteria was undertaken, extracting study design and results, (3) quality assessment was undertaken independently by two reviewers. Due to heterogeneity in study designs, populations, interventions, and outcome measures, a mixed research synthesis approach was used. Results were assessed in a pragmatic and descriptive way; textual and numerical data were extracted from the included studies, and classified into patient- and doctor-related factors. Results. Sixteen studies were included. With regard to patients, an association was found between sick leave and psychiatric comorbidity as well as total symptom burden. With regard to doctors, knowledge of the patient, sympathy, and trust appeared to increase the probability of the patient being sick-listed. None of the interventions in the educational programmes aiming to improve doctors’ management of MUPS patients succeeded in lowering sick leave. Implications. Despite MUPS being a leading cause of sickness absence, the review identified only a small number of studies concerning phenomena associated with sick leave. The authors did not identify any studies regarding the impact of the working conditions on sick leave among MUPS patients. This is an important area for further studies.
A Research-Based Didactic Model for Education to Promote Culturally Competent Nursing Care in Sweden

As Sweden changes toward a multicultural society, scientific knowledge of transcultural nursing care becomes increasingly important. Earlier studies in Swedish nursing education have demonstrated a lack of knowledge base in transcultural nursing. Through an extensive review of the literature, a didactic model was developed to help facilitate the establishment of this body of knowledge in transcultural nursing. The article demonstrates how the model applies the content and structure of Leininger's theory of culture care diversity and universality and ethnonursing method in a 3-year nursing program in theory as well as clinical education. The model includes a written guide for faculty members, with references to scientific articles and documents to be used.
Acute Q fever: An emerging and endemic disease in southern Taiwan

Acute Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii infection. In Taiwan, cases of acute Q fever increased during 3 y of observation, especially at Kaohsiung County and City in southern Taiwan. From 15 April 2004 to 15 April 2007, a total of 67 cases of acute Q fever were identified at E-Da hospital located at Kaohsiung County. 19 (28.4%) patients had a history of travel in rural areas and only 1 had been outside southern Taiwan. 21 (31.3%) patients had a history of animal contact. 20 (30.8%) of the 65 examined patients had underlying chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection. Fever (98.5%), chills (79.1%), headache (79.1%), relative bradycardia (44.8%), elevated aminotransferases (100%), and thrombocytopenia (74.6%) were common manifestations. 12 (19.0%) cases had abnormal findings on chest X-ray. Fatty liver (50.0%) and hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly (41.9%) were found by abdominal image examinations. 42 (76.4%) of 55 cases had defervescence within 3 d after treatment, whereas 4 (7.3%) had spontaneous remission. Acute Q fever is an endemic infectious disease with hepatitis rather than pneumonia as the major presentation in southern Taiwan and the emergence of Q fever is due to increased alertness for the disease by physicians.
Monoterpene regulation of Ras and Ras-related protein expression Published, JLR Papers in Press, April 1, 2003. DOI 10.1194/jlr.M300057-JLR200

Monoterpenes, derived primarily from plants, are products of the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway and function as chemical messengers with diverse functions. The biochemical bases for these activities are largely undefined. The Ras small GTPase superfamily of proteins consists of isoprenylated proteins that play key roles in signal transduction pathways known to regulate diverse cellular functions. In these studies, we have examined the effects of the monoterpenes on expression of Ras and Ras-related proteins, in the absence and presence of mevalonate depletion. Although prior studies have suggested that monoterpenes inhibit isoprenyl transferases, our studies clearly show that select monoterpenes inhibit up-regulation of Ras and the Ras-related proteins. A structure-activity relationship model for these effects was defined. The ability of monoterpenes to regulate the expression of the Ras-related proteins was found to be independent of effects on cell proliferation or total cellular protein synthesis/degradation. This regulatory function of monoterpenes suggests a role for these plant-derived compounds in altering signal transduction elements.
Prospective Teachers' Perspectives on the use of English in the Solving and Teaching of Mathematics Word Problems—a Brief Cross-country Survey

We investigated how prospective primary school teachers from two countries with a common Language of Learning and Teaching (LoLT) think about word problems, both as a mathematical task and as a teaching task. The question driving the investigation was: if solving mathematics word problems is both a linguistic and a numerical skill, how do these teachers think about mathematics word problems presented to learners not competent in the LoLT? Using the home languages provided by 33 final-year primary school pre-service mathematics teachers from Botswana and Swaziland, we identified three cross-national categories which we then used to analyze questionnaire data for perspectives on teaching word problems presented in English. As expected, findings showed a resigned acceptance to the use of English. Using an inventory of steps in problem solving, we expected respondents' acceptance of the steps as adequate for use with learners not competent in the LoLT. Findings showed that the steps these prospective teachers personally use to solve word problems may impair their teaching of young learners using English to learn mathematics. We use this to identify the important link training must create between prospective teachers' understanding of the LoLT and their future competence to teach primary school mathematics word problems.
Gender and professional career plans of high school students in comparative perspective

In this article, we investigate whether adolescent girls are more determined to enter professional careers compared to boys across countries. To this end, we analyse the data from the 2006 survey of OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). First, we establish whether girls are more ambitious than boys net of their academic ability and home and school environments. Second, we examine whether the attraction to professional occupations can be explained by gender-typed choices, that is, girls' preference for nursing and teaching versus boys' determination to enter trades. Third, we examine how school characteristics as well as the macrosocial contexts, that is, labour market opportunities open to women, may help girls set higher achievement goals. We conclude by discussing the implications of these gender differences, with a special focus on the dilemma they may pose for policy-makers.
Feeding and oviposition behavior in the mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.). I. Preliminary studies of physiological control mechanisms.

1. When female Aedes aegypti were given a daily opportunity to take a blood meal over a 9-day period, the number of mated females feeding on days 3, 6, and 9 was significantly less than the number of virgins feeding. This low period of feeding coincides with the terminal phases of the first, second, and third gonotrophic cycles, respectively.2. The "mated" feeding pattern could be established in a virgin female by the implantation of a male accessory gland. Copulation without semen transfer or the implantation of a testis was ineffective in inducing the pattern of biting.3. Functional ovaries in the female receiving the accessory gland implant are required in order for the implant to exert its effect. Implantation of a normal ovary plus an accessory gland into females lacking ovaries produced the mated biting pattern.4. The material from the male accessory gland also controls oviposition behavior by female mosquitoes. Mated females lay their eggs readily on completion of oogenesis. Virgins mature an equal.
Jugendliche ohne Berufsausbildung

"Wie aus einer Analyse im Rahmen der IAB-Langsschnittuntersuchung 'Jugendliche beim Ubergang vom Bildungs- in das Beschaftigungssystem' hervorgeht', hat jeder zwolfte Schulabganger (8%) aus Haupt-, Real- und Sonderschulen des Entlasjahrgangs 1977 - einer der ersten geburtenstarken Jahrgange - bis Ende 1980 keine berufliche Ausbildung begonnen; hochgerechnet sind das 62 000 Jugendliche. Ein Vergleich dieser Jugendlichen ohne Berufsausbildung mit den Schulabgangern, die eine berufliche Ausbildung begonnen haben, brachte u.a. folgende Ergebnisse: - Jugendliche mit niedrigem allgemeinen Schulbildungsniveau, Madchen und auslandische Jugendliche sind bei den Jugendlichen ohne Berufsausbildung uberdurchschnittlich vertreten: so haben z.B. 35 % der Sonderschulabganger, 21 % der Hauptschulabganger ohne Abschlus, aber nur jeweils 5 % der Haupt- und Realschulabsolventen keine berufliche Ausbildung begonnen. Bei den Madchen betragt der Anteil der Jugendlichen ohne Berufsausbildung 11 % (Jungen 5 %), bei den auslandischen Jugendlichen 20 %. - Jugendliche ohne Berufsausbildung sind in uberdurchschnittlichem Umfang von Erwerbslosigkeit betroffen: wahrend 18 % derJugendlichen ohne Berufsausbildung zum Befragungszeitpunkt Ende 1980 erwerbslos waren, betrug dieser Anteil bei den Schulabgangern mit abgeschlossener betrieblicher Berufsausbildung lediglich 4 %. - Mehr als die Halfte (60 %) der Jugendlichen, die ohne Berufsausbildung geblieben sind, hatte sich 1977 um einen Ausbildungsplatz beworben, jedoch hatten sie zu einem grosen Teil Absagen auf ihre Bewerbung erhalten. " (Autorenreferat)
Osteonecrosis of the knee after laser or radiofrequency-assisted arthroscopy: treatment with minimally invasive knee arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND Osteonecrosis of the knee after various arthroscopic procedures associated with the use of laser or radiofrequency devices has been described in a few case reports. The purpose of this study was to report on a series of nineteen patients with osteonecrosis of the knee after arthroscopic procedures. A literature search was done to compare this series of patients to previously reported cases. In addition, we analyzed the outcome after treatment with minimally invasive knee arthroplasty. METHODS We studied patients who had development of osteonecrosis of the knee after a routine arthroscopic procedure. Preoperative and postoperative clinical notes, radiographs, and magnetic resonance images of patients were analyzed. Only those patients with no evidence of osteonecrosis on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging who later had development of osteonecrosis and subsequently required a knee arthroplasty were included. We conducted a search of the current literature to compare the results seen in our patient population with those seen in other patients with this entity. Patients were followed both clinically and radiographically for a mean of sixty-two months. RESULTS A total of nineteen patients met the inclusion criteria. There were fourteen women and five men with a mean age of sixty-nine years. Six patients underwent an arthroscopy with associated holmium or yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser treatment, ten patients had associated radiofrequency treatment, and three patients had microfracture surgery. Subsequent arthroplasty procedures included four unicompartmental knee arthroplasties and fifteen tricompartmental knee arthroplasties. At the time of final follow-up, the mean Knee Society objective score was 95 points. CONCLUSIONS Arthroscopic procedures may play a role in the development of osteonecrosis of the knee. To our knowledge, this is the largest series of patients to have development of this condition after arthroscopy with associated laser, radiofrequency, or microfracture surgery. The midterm results of knee arthroplasty in this unique patient population are comparable with those of patients undergoing knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis of the knee. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions to Authors on jbjs.org for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A review of Vitamin D effects on common respiratory diseases: Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and tuberculosis

Despite the classic role of Vitamin D in skeletal health, new aspects of Vitamin D have been discovered in tissues and organs other than bones. Epidemiological and observational studies demonstrate a link between Vitamin D deficiency and risk of developing respiratory diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and tuberculosis (TB). To review the literature, we searched the terms “Vitamin D” (using the set operator) and “asthma,” “COPD” and “TB“ in electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar until July 2015. Non-English articles or articles with unavailable full text were excluded. Both in vivo and in vitro studies were included. All the reviewed articles state that Vitamin D deficiency is very common among patients with respiratory diseases. The present data regarding Vitamin D and asthma is still controversial, but data about COPD and TB are more encouraging. The relevant studies have been conducted in different populations therefore it is not particularly possible to compare the data due to genetic variations. In order to point out a role for Vitamin D, large clinical trials with Vitamin D deficient subjects and sufficient Vitamin D supplementation are needed.
The differential blood pressure sign in general practice: prevalence and prognostic value.

BACKGROUND Patients sometimes have differences of > or =20/10 mmHg in their blood pressure depending on which arm is measured. The prevalence and prognostic value of this finding in general practice are unknown. If these differences are due to peripheral vascular disease, these patients may be at increased risk of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to establish the frequency and prognostic value of a blood pressure difference between arms in one rural general practice. METHODS Paired blood pressure readings were collected from patients attending the surgery. The outcome measures of myocardial infarction, new diagnosis of angina, a cerebrovascular event or death were recorded prospectively. RESULTS A total of 280 patients were examined, and of these 13.6% had a systolic blood pressure difference (SBPD) of > or =20 mmHg, and 23.2% a diastolic blood pressure difference (DBPD) of > or =10 mmHg. Eighty-three patients were followed-up for 5.6 years. Patients with a DBPD of > or =10 mmHg showed a mean event-free survival of 3.3 years [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2-4.4] compared with 5.0 years (95% CI 4.7-5.3) for those with a DBPD of <10 mmHg (P < 0.0001). Patients with an SBPD of > or =20 mmHg showed a mean event-free survival of 3.5 years (95% CI 2.3-4.7) compared with 4.9 years (95% CI 4.5-5.2) for an SBPD of <20 mmHg (P = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS During a single assessment of blood pressure, there will be a minority of patients with a difference of > or =20/10 mmHg between their right and left arms. Measurement of both arms is therefore necessary to diagnose and treat hypertension accurately. This study suggests an association between blood pressure difference and increased morbidity and mortality. Priority should be given to managing other risk factors aggressively in those patients with a reproducible blood pressure difference of > or =20/10 mmHg.
Computerized Provider Order Entry System – Does it Support the Inter-professional Medication Process?

Summary Objectives: To assess the effects of a CPOE system on inter-professional workflow in the medication process. Methods: Twenty-three semi-structured interviews with physicians, nurses, and pharmacists were conducted in a Dutch academic hospital. In addition, the handwritten and system-generated documents used daily were collected for analysis. Data was analyzed on the basis of three conceptual themes in the inter-professional workflow: division of tasks, flow of information, and task coordination. Results: The CPOE system reorganized the existing work procedures, affecting the work-flow among the three professional groups both advantageously and disadvantageously. The system resulted in the reassignment of tasks and reallocation of areas of expertise in the medication process. Moreover, patients’ medication-related information became fragmented in both the paper records and in the electronic records, as well as in different professional domains. The system provided lim ited support for professional groups to coordinate their tasks temporally. It also made it difficult to build mutual intelligibility upon new changes in the medication plan. To integrate tasks, the professional groups had to bypass the system or add new steps and extra coordinative tasks. Conclusion: We identified several workflow integration issues after the implementation of a CPOE system. Our insights into these issues can help ensure that the system design or redesign properly integrates all tasks, information, and areas of expertise of professional groups into those of the physicians.
Preventing Regulatory Capture: Contents

Introduction Daniel Carpenter and David Moss Part I. Failures of Capture Scholarship: 1. A revisionist history of regulatory capture William Novak 2. The concept of regulatory capture: a short, inglorious history Richard Posner 3. Detecting and measuring capture Daniel Carpenter Part II. New Conceptions of Capture - Mechanisms and Outcomes: 4. Cultural capture and the financial crisis James Kwak 5. Complexity, capacity, and capture Nolan McCarty 6. Preventing economists' capture Luigi Zingales 7. Corrosive capture? The dueling forces of autonomy and industry influence in FDA pharmaceutical regulation Daniel Carpenter Part III. Misdiagnosing Capture and Case Studies of Regulatory Success: 8. Capturing history: the case of the Federal Radio Commission in 1927 David Moss and Jonathan Lackow 9. Conditional forbearance as an alternative to capture: evidence from coal mine safety regulation Sanford Gordon and Catherine Hafer 10. Captured by disaster? Reinterpreting regulatory behavior in the shadow of the Gulf oil spill Christopher Carrigan 11. Reconsidering agency capture during regulatory policymaking Susan Webb Yackee 12. Coalitions, autonomy, and regulatory bargains in public health law Mariano-Florentino Cuellar Part IV. The Possibility of Preventing Capture: 13. Preventing capture through consumer empowerment programs: some evidence from insurance regulation Daniel Schwarcz 14. Courts and regulatory capture M. Elizabeth Magill 15. Can executive review help prevent capture? Richard Revesz and Michael Livermore Conclusion David Moss and Daniel Carpenter Afterword Sheldon Whitehouse and Jim Leach.
Primary Intestinal Malignant Lymphomas Associated With Celiakia – A Pathologist´s Review

Celiakia represents a prototype of chronic antigenic stimulation and autoimmune dysregulation leading to the accumulation of reactive cytotoxic intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) and small intestinal mucosal injury. These lymphocytes possess a potential of transformation, gaining an aberrant phenotype and genotype during their clonal expansion. The development of type I enteropathy –associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) in patients with celiac disease might represent a gradual multistep transformation process starting from the increasing accumulation of IEL, and developing through the refractory celiac disease I and refractory celiac disease II, the last representing probably a lymphoma in situ. These transformational stages of the progressing celiac disease are showing increasing risk of type I EATL development, and decreasing survival of the patients. The whole process of progressing EATL lymphomagenesis resembles the hyperplasia-adenoma-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence of colorectal carcinomas. Similar to the already more understood multistep developmental process from CD to type I EATL, an overt type II EATL lymphoma might represent a final step in a process of progression from IEL, representing the lymphoma precursors. However, the patients with the type II lymphoma show signs of celiakia neither clinically nor morphologically and the pathogenetical link to CD is missing. The lymphomagenesis of EATL type II seems to utilize activation of other pathways than that of type I. The recent data support the attempts to set apart the type II from the EATL category and to rename it.
Queries in authentic work tasks: the effects of task type and complexity

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate information retrieval (IR) in the context of authentic work tasks (WTs), as compared to traditional experimental IR study designs. Design/methodology/approach The participants were 22 professionals working in municipal administration, university research and education, and commercial companies. The data comprise 286 WTs and 420 search tasks (STs). The data were collected in natural situations. It includes transaction logs, video recordings, interviews, observation, and daily questionnaires. Findings The analysis included the effects of WT type and complexity on the number of STs, queries, search keys and types of queries. The findings suggest that simple STs are enough to support most WTs. Complex WTs (vs more simple ones) and intellectual WTs (vs communication, support and editing WTs) include more STs than other WT categories. Research limitations/implications Further research should address the problems related to controllability of field studies and enhance the use of realistic WT situations in test-based studies, as well. Originality/value The study is an attempt to bring traditional IR studies and realistic research settings closer to each other. Using authentic WTs when studying IR is still rare. The representativeness of the WT/ST types used in interactive IR experiments should be carefully addressed: in the work flow, people seldom consciously recognise separate “STs”. This means that STs may mainly be an academic construct even to the point that studying IR without a decent context does violence to the further understanding of the phenomenon.
Effects of an Essential Oil from the Bark of Croton cajucara Benth. on Experimental Gastric Ulcer Models in Rats and Mice

Croton cajucara Benth. (Euphorbiaceae) is widely used in Amazonian folk medicine for the treatment of a wide range of gastrointestinal symptoms. The essential oil from its bark was investigated for acute toxicity in mice and for its ability to prevent the formation of ulceration of the gastric mucosa in different models of experimentally induced gastric ulcer in mice and rats.