Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toward Discreet Interactions and Publicly Explicit Activities

In this position paper, we present two different approaches to help social acceptance of head-mounted display in social and shared spaces: (1) discreet interactions and (2) a public spectator view. On a daily basis we evolve in shared and social spaces which may have different levels of acceptance for the use of head-mounted display (HMD), either from the users or the surroundings people. In contexts where the HMD is usually accepted by the non-HMD users (e.g. public transport) but still struggle to be adopted, we will approach the potential benefits of discreet interactions. Finally, we suggest and raise questions about the public spectator view approach to address contexts where the use of HMD is perceived by the surroundings as inappropriate.
Explanations for cultural differences in thinking: Easterners’ dialectical thinking and Westerners’ linear thinking

ABSTRACT Since Easterners’ naïve dialectical thinking, which is contrasted with Westerners’ linear thinking, was introduced, many cross-cultural studies on human thinking have been conducted, and explanations for the cultural differences have been proposed. First, after examining the robustness of these cultural differences, two existing explanations are discussed in this paper. The first is based on the discinction between Westerners' analytic cognition and Easterners' holistic cogntion. This is related to the distinction between Westerners’ independent self and Easterners’ interdependent self. The second is based on the philosophical tradition of China’s Taoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism, which is contrasted with that of Ancient Greece. Second, we propose a new explanation based on the distinction between Westerners’ low-context culture and Easterners’ high-context culture (Beyond culture. Garden City, NJ: Anchor Books/Doubleday.). Finally, we show that this distinction can be based on socioecological approaches, and it is expected to explain the cultural differences between the Chinese and Japanese.
Carbon Dioxide in Geochemically Heterogeneous Melt Inclusions From Mount Etna, Italy

Mt. Etna is among the largest global volcanic outgassers with respect to carbon and sulfur, yet questions remain regarding the source of these volatiles and their systematics in the crust and mantle. The importance of heterogeneous mantle sources, mixing, crustal assimilation, and disequilibrium degassing is investigated using melt inclusions erupted during the CE 1669 eruption of Mt. Etna, Italy. We find that the melt inclusion compositions define a mixing array between two geochemically distinct melts. One end‐member melt is depleted in light rare Earth elements (LREEs) and enriched in strontium (Sr), carbon, and sulfur; the other is enriched in LREE and depleted in Sr, carbon, and sulfur. We infer, through modeling, that the melts may either have been generated by melting a mantle source that includes a recycled oceanic crustal component or they may have assimilated carbonate material in the crust. The resulting LREE‐depleted, Sr‐enriched melts were also alkali‐rich, which enhanced the solubility of carbon and sulfur. The LREE‐depleted, Sr‐ and volatile‐rich melt ascended through the crust and likely became supersaturated with respect to CO2 and sulfur. The melt intruded into a LREE‐enriched, relatively degassed magma body in the shallow crust, cooled rapidly, and vesiculated, likely triggering eruption. The melt inclusion array trapped by growing olivines during this intrusion process records a snapshot of incomplete mixing between the two melts. Mt. Etna is renowned for the large increases in CO2 gas fluxes shortly before and during eruption. The intrusion of supersaturated, CO2‐enhanced magmas into shallow reservoirs may be a common process at Mt. Etna.
A Cluster-Based Channel Model for Massive MIMO Communications in Indoor Hotspot Scenarios

Characterization and modeling of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel has been one of the research hotspots in the field of wireless communications. One important feature of the massive MIMO channel is the spatial non-stationarity. To statistically model the spatial non-stationary massive MIMO channels, a cluster-based channel model is proposed in this paper. The model incorporates both inter- and intra-cluster properties and the cluster evolution over the large-scale array. A hybrid data processing scheme is applied to extract the multipath components (MPCs) and clustering the MPCs over a large-scale antenna array. The global angular spread, cluster angular spread, and cluster delay spread are modeled with log-normal distributions. Observed cluster length and MPC length within clusters, which are introduced to describe the cluster existence over the array and MPCs existence within the cluster, respectively, are statistically modeled with the exponential distributions. Moreover, both the cluster and MPC arrival intervals, which are used, respectively, to describe the cluster occurrence position on the array and MPC occurrence position within the cluster, can be statistically modeled with the uniform distributions. Finally, the model implementation is validated by comparing with the different channel performance metrics between measurements and simulations.
Synthesis and characterisation of novel polymeric nano-systems for pharmaceutical applications

I LIST OF TABLES . VI LIST OF FIGURES . VIII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . XIV AUTHOR DECLARATION . XV LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . XVI CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Nanoparticles . 1 1.2 Nanotoxicity . 3 1.3 Micelles . 4 1.3. 1 General considerations and properties . 4 1.3. 2 Characterisations. 10 1.3. 2.1 Thermodynamic and kinetic stability . 10 1.3. 2.2 Size . 12 1.3. 2.3 Shape and geometry . 14 1.3. 2.4 Surface properties . 16 1.4 Polymeric micelles in clinical trials . 17 1.5 Targeted drug delivery . 19 1.5. 1 Passive targeting . 19 1.5. 2 Active targeting . 21 1.6 Phosphorylcholine discovery . 22 1.6. 1 Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) development. 24 1.7 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DPA) . 26 1.8 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-co-2 (diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate (MPC-DPA) diblock copolymer . 27 1.9 Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) . 30 1.9. 1 ATRP components . 33 1.9. 1.1 Monomers . 33 1.9. 1.2 Initiators . 33 1.9. 1.3 Catalyst system . 35
Strengthening the Research Base That Informs STEM Instructional Improvement Efforts: A Meta-Analysis

We present results from a meta-analysis of 95 experimental and quasi-experimental pre-K–12 science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professional development and curriculum programs, seeking to understand what content, activities, and formats relate to stronger student outcomes. Across rigorously conducted studies, we found an average weighted impact estimate of +0.21 standard deviations. Programs saw stronger outcomes when they helped teachers learn to use curriculum materials; focused on improving teachers’ content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and/or understanding of how students learn; incorporated summer workshops; and included teacher meetings to troubleshoot and discuss classroom implementation. We discuss implications for policy and practice.
The Similkameen Batholith of North-Central Washington and South-Central British Columbia: The Petrotectonic Significance of an Alkaline/Calc-Alkaline Magmatic Complex

The Similkameen batholith is a 170 Ma plutonic complex that contains coeval mafic alkaline and granitic calc-alkaline assemblages. The marginal mafic alkaline suite is silica-undersaturated, characteristically potassic in composition and comprised of malignite, shonkinite, and mafic syenites (+/nepheline) with biotite and amphibolebearing pyroxenite cumulates. The granitic plutons of the core are calc-alkahne, I-type, ranging from monzonite to granodiorite to granite in composition. Stmctural and petrofabric studies indicate that the mafic alkaline suite was intmded and deformed by the calc-alkaline granitoids. Magmatic fabrics within the mafic rocks are concentric to the lithologic zonations and have been overprinted by sub-magmatic flow deformation induced by diapiric emplacement of the core. There is no evidence within the batholith for regional deformation associated with the collision of Quesnellia and North America. Major and trace element variations as well as Sr-isotopic data indicate that the alkaline and calc-alkaline suites are not related by crystal fractionation. However, crystal fractionation appears to have been the dominant process responsible for major element variations within the mafic alkaline suite. Fractionation of the hydrous assemblage clinopyroxene +/biotite +/amphibole + apatite + magnetite accounts for compositional variations within the alkaline suite. Calculated modal abundances of the fractionated mineral phases closely approximates observed modal abundances within the pyroxenites, which supports a crystal accumulation origin for the ultramafic rocks. The alkahne and calc-alkaline suites exhibit a geochemical signature characteristic of subduction-related magmatism. Both suites are enriched in alkali and alkaline earth elements and depleted in high field strength elements. Major and trace element compositions of the mafic alkahne suite are consistent with partial melting of a garnet and phlogopite-bearing peridotite source. However, trace element variations within the alkaline suite demonstrate derivation from a chemically heterogeneous mantle-source. The malignite series contains incompatible element ratios consistent with a depleted MORB-type source, whereas the shonkinite series appears to be enriched, indicative of an OIB-type source. The Ba-enrichments of the malignites relative to the shonkinites probably reflect variations in source mineralogy, i.e., greater amounts of phlogopite in the source, not contamination by pelagic sediments. Furthermore, the low variability of initial-Sr ratios (0.7037-0.7042) indicates contamination of the Similkameen magmas by continental crust was relatively minor.
The Trichoptera of Panama X. The Quebrada Rambala drainage, with description of 19 new species of microcaddisflies (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae)

The Quebrada Rambala drainage is found immediately south and south-southeast of the town of Chiriqui Grande and east of Rambala on the Caribbean coast. It is one of two tributaries of the Rio Margarita watershed, a small, lowland drainage with elevations up to 180 m. During the 2014-2017 period, collections of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera), employing both UV-light and Malaise traps, were made at two locations on Quebrada Rambala proper, and four locations on its unnamed tributary, all on a land area of approximately 1 ha. As a result, 127 species of caddisflies were identified, including 59 species of microcaddisflies. A non-parametric estimator of true, or potential, species richness based on rare species present for this watershed is 211 species. Previously, 19 new country records were published from this location. In this paper, we record three additional country records (Hydrobiosidae: Atopsyche minimajada Blahnik and Gottschalk; Hydroptilidae: Leucotrichia rhomba Thomson and Holzenthal and Oxyethira (Oxytrichia) apinolada Holzenthal and Harris) and describe and illustrate 19 new species of microcaddisflies ( Alistotrichia bernali, Cerasmatrichia blahniki, Costatrichia santosi, Metrichia macdonaldi, M. thomsonae, M. thurmani, M. trebeki, Neotrichia carlsoni, N. rambala, N. serrata, N. starki, Ochrotrichia birdae, O. dewalti, O. kondratieffi, Oxyethira buenoi, Rhyacopsyche holzenthali, Tizatetrichia panamensis, Zumatrichia flinti, and Z. hazelae ). Combined, this one small portion of the Quebrada Rambala has increased Panama’s caddisfly fauna by 41 species of microcaddisflies. Additionally, several new species of macrocaddisflies await description. Finally, we add one new genus to Panama’s fauna (Hydroptilidae: Tizatetrichia Harris, Flint, and Holzenthal). With the publication of these new taxa, Panama’s caddisfly fauna now includes 403 species in 15 families and 53 genera. We also suggest that multiple collections over time for all stream orders, employing several collection methods, are required in order to better estimate species richness within a drainage.
LACK OF HUMAN RESOURCES AS BARRIERS TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN THE UNIVERSITY OF BAMENDA, CAMEROON

This paper seeks human resources for students with special needs in the University of Bamenda compromises the implementation of inclusive education in the higher education setting. In order to answer to this objective, this study used as sample population of 315 respondents conveniently selected from 3 Departments in some schools in the University of Bamenda to answer questionnaires. For interviews, five students with visual and physical impairments were purposively selected. This study used a cross sectional survey design to assess different cohorts of the same respondent population such as sex, age, and educational levels. The purposive sampling technique was used to select the area of study and the schools while the convenient sampling technique was used to select the sample of 315 respondents for the quantitative approach. From data collected and analyzed using the chi square to measure the association between variables and testing of hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance, the findings revealed 73.4% (231) of the participants agreed that inadequate personnel is a challenge to the implementation of inclusive education while 26.6% (84) disagreed to this fact. Following the findings, it was recommended that training forums are organised to raise the awareness of staff, public officials, school administrators and teachers, to promote positive attitudes to the education of children with disabilities. This will increase sensitivity to the rights of children with disabilities thus enhancing the teaching-learning experiences of these students in the University of Bamenda. Article visualizations:
Rainfall trends in the African Sahel: Characteristics, processes, and causes

Sahel rainfall is dynamically linked to the global Hadley cell and to the regional monsoon circulation. It is therefore susceptible to forcings from remote oceans and regional land alike. Warming of the oceans enhances the stability of the tropical atmosphere and weakens deep ascent in the Hadley circulation. Warming of the Sahara and of the nearby oceans changes the structure and position of the regional shallow circulation and allows more of the intense convective systems that determine seasonal rain accumulation. These processes can explain the observed interannual to multidecadal variability. Sea surface temperature anomalies were the dominant forcing of the drought of the 1970s and 1980s. In most recent decades, seasonal rainfall amounts have partially recovered, but rainy season characteristics have changed: rainfall is more intense and intermittent and wetting is concentrated in the late rainy season and away from the west coast. Similar subseasonal and subregional differences in rainfall trends characterize the simulated response to increased greenhouse gases, suggesting an anthropogenic influence. While uncertainty in future projections remains, confidence in them is encouraged by the recognition that seasonal mean rainfall depends on large‐scale drivers of atmospheric circulations that are well resolved by current climate models. Nevertheless, observational and modeling efforts are needed to provide more refined projections of rainfall changes, expanding beyond total accumulation to metrics of intraseasonal characteristics and risk of extreme events, and coordination between climate scientists and stakeholders is needed to generate relevant information that is useful even under deep uncertainty.
The Impact of Training on Turnover Intention: The Role of Growth Need Strength among Vietnamese Female Employees

Research Aims: Incorporating theories about psychological contracts and job characteristics, this research explores the relationship between different types of training events (i.e. on-the-job versus off-the-job training) and the turnover intention of female employees. Growth Need Strength (GNS) is a personality factor that strengthens this relationship. Design/M ethodology/Approach: Empirical evidence for the research was derived from a survey that collected data from 221 female corporate officers in Vietnam, followed by a hierarchical regression. Research Findings: The results suggest that GNS significantly moderates the influence of off-the-job training on turnover intention. With higher levels of GNS, women who participate in more off-the-job training and development activities provided by the company are less likely to consider leaving. This moderating effect, however, does not significantly affect the relationship between on-the-job training and turnover intention. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: The paper investigates on-the-job and off-the-job training and assesses their effects on turnover intention, with emphasis on female employees. Managerial Implication s in the Southeast Asian Context: The results provide useful implications for organisational training of professional women in Southeast Asian countries, taking into consideration similarities in culture, social norms and organisational behaviour. Research Limitations and Implications: The research is limited by its sample and by a subjective self-assessment scale.
News You Can’t Use: Jon Stewart’s Daily Show Media Critiques

Against the backdrop of continued declining public trust in media, particularly network television news, along with rising ratings and recognition for The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, this research examined Stewart’s network television news critiques during presidential election campaigns in 2000, 2004, 2008, and 2012. The study found an increase in frequency and prominence of critiques over the years and a shift in focus to more undermining criticism of professional practices, raising the question of whether Stewart’s stepped-up criticism may have been at least partly responsible for growing distrust during those years among younger adults, his primary viewing audience.
Qualitative Quotes: The Prevalence and Effects of Survey Respondent Exemplars in Political News Coverage

National newspapers regularly report on public opinion as part of their political coverage. In addition to covering aggregate survey trends, journalists occasionally conduct follow-up interviews with respondents from those surveys to present the views of real people in news stories. The practice of reporting these “qualitative quotes” has existed for decades, yet, there has been little scrutiny of the voices that appear in news stories or their effect on public opinion. We examine this phenomenon in the context of the United States with a historical examination of New York Times stories and other major U.S. outlets that contain polling information and follow-up interviews. Consistent with past work on exemplars, there is considerable evidence for the nonrandom nature of the people invited to comment for news stories. In particular, the use of qualitative quotes reinforces some of the biases that exist in news sourcing more generally. Finally, we demonstrate in an experiment that qualitative quotes influence policy attitudes as least as much as aggregate polling figures.
Assessing Cultural System Evolution in the Mediterranean Basin - The Caia Irrigation Perimeter Case Study

Mediterranean basin ecosystem services are at risk with the loss of wildlife-rich habitats, where 300 animal and plant species are threatened with extinction, and the disappearing of small scale farmers, that are being forced to abandon their land due to their lack of competition with the great corporations with modern farming practices that dominate the marketplace, and put an inordinate amount of pressure on the surrounding environment through their high demand in pesticides, fertilizers and water irrigation leading to a severe over-exploitation of both ground and surface waters. In this study, a total of 13,400 ha located in a western Mediterranean basin were selected as the study site and the main results of this study were that the case study area is becoming monocultural with olive groves, rice and orchards having increased 968, 210% and 210% since 2002.
Spatial Distribution of Livelihood Assets of Tourism Village in West Ungaran Subdistrict Semarang Regency Central Java Province Indonesia

Development is a process of change to obtain a better state. Development covers all aspects of life, and one of the areas of development is tourism, while the tourist village is one of the rural tourism destinations that still requires a lot of attention from various parties, especially to support sustainable livelihood. This research is aimed to study the spatial distribution of tourist villages, livelihood assets, and their contribution in the tourist villages. The research location was conducted in West Ungaran District, Semarang Regency. The research population is tourism village and residents in every tourism village. All tourist villages are the object of study, so it is a population study. Data analysis used is descriptive quantitative, presented in table and picture. Analysis of spatial distribution of tourist villages used nearest neighbor analysis. The result of the research shows that in Sub District of Ungaran Barat, tourism village has a spatial distribution including clustered, there are 4 (four) of tourism villages namely Lerep village, Keji village, Nyatnyono village, and Gogik village. Livelihood assets in tourist villages include natural assets, physical assets, human assets, institutional assets and financial assets. The condition of livelihood assets in each tourist village varies greatly. Natural assets are the dominant asset of livelihood, while the assets of human resources are low, so it must be improved to support the realization of sustainable livelihood of tourist villages. Keywords—: tourist village; livelihood assets; spatial distribution, sustainable tourism
Assessing the link between cultural influences and persuasibility in online daily deals

Individual’s susceptibility to persuasion and cultural values are important factors that influencing consumer buying behaviour. This paper assesses the linkage between an individual’s persuasibility to cultural values in online Daily Deals (DD) in their tourism and hospitality deal choices. DD websites are the online platforms that offer a variety of deals and display different types of persuasive information to influence buying decisions. Using correlation analysis of 423 online DD buyers, this paper shows that individual differences in persuasibility significantly link to specific cultural values and thus extends the persuasion literature. It also provides relevant practical implications on the role of cultural values in persuasive communications.