Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Barriers to prostate cancer screening: psychological aspects and descriptive variables – is there a correlation?

Objective. To evaluate psychological and demographic aspects of men who received DRE during the PCa screening in an outpatient clinical setting. Methods. Patients (345) who underwent DRE for the first time from February 2006 to December 2007 were evaluated for their psychological reactions and feelings after the examination. Results. The average age of the patients was 52.8 years (25 - 85 years); 40.94% had felt fear (examination fear 15.94%, and diagnosis fear 25%), 26.45% shame and 48.26% indicated they were not thinking about anything. There was no correlation between age, educational level and emotional reactions. Most patients (96.8%) would undergo a DRE again and 52.35% had considered it better than they had imagined. Of these patients, 41.81% were illiterate/incomplete elementary school. Only 4.12% described having a negative experience. The factors that persuaded the patients to book an appointment were: 50.1% made their own decision, 26.67% were recommended by a physician, 18.55% family/friends and 6.67% were influenced by the media. Wives booked 24.06% of the consultations. Although 85.47% of patients had some previous knowledge about the examination, 80.81% felt they had further clarification afterward. Lower educational level was related to lack of information about DRE, while 52.38% who made their own decision had previous knowledge of the importance of DRE. Conclusion. The majority of the patients found DRE less awkward than they had imagined it to be and would repeat the examination in the future. Fear and shame before the examination are present and are barriers to the DRE.
Language lateralization in healthy right-handers.

Our knowledge about the variability of cerebral language lateralization is derived from studies of patients with brain lesions and thus possible secondary reorganization of cerebral functions. In healthy right-handed subjects 'atypical', i.e. right hemisphere language dominance, has generally been assumed to be exceedingly rare. To test this assumption we measured language lateralization in 188 healthy subjects with moderate and strong right-handedness (59% females) by a new non-invasive, quantitative technique previously validated by direct comparison with the intracarotid amobarbital procedure. During a word generation task the averaged hemispheric perfusion differences within the territories of the middle cerebral arteries were determined. (i) The natural distribution of language lateralization was found to occur along a bimodal continuum. (ii) Lateralization was equivalent in men and women. (iii) Right hemisphere dominance was found in 7.5% of subjects. These findings indicate that atypical language dominance in healthy right-handed subjects of either sex is considerably more common than previously suspected.
Coping with infertility: a transcultural perspective

Purpose of review To review the most important and interesting articles in infertility published in the last year. Recent findings This systematic review covers 60 studies published in journals or dissertations in Science Direct and PubMed in the last year, including those related to prevention and treatment as well as related psychosocial services in infertility. We also propose some suggestions about coping with infertility in China. Summary Infertility is a multidisciplinary problem that requires medical, social, and political efforts to prevent and offer infertile patients the best diagnostic, therapeutic, and psychosocial services. Cultural factors should be taken into consideration when designing coping strategies.
Association of retinoblastoma with clinical and histopathological risk factors

A study was conducted to see the association of retinoblastoma with age, bilaterism, Tumor size, site, grades, involvement of anterior chamber, iris, ciliary body, choroid, sclera and optic nerve, and extraocular extension. This was a retrospective descriptive analytical study. The records of the Institute of Ophthalmology, King Edward Medical University/Mayo hospital, Lahore: Pakistan January 2006-Dec 2011 was analyzed. Five years biopsies (June 2006 to June 2012) of the retinoblastoma, from the Pathology department, was retrieved to see optic nerve involvement in all the retrieved specimens. The mean age was 3.54 ± 1.686 years. There were 15 cases of bilateral retinoblastoma and 37 cases with unilateral neoplasms. The age range of bilateral tumors was 2 - 6 years while the range in unilateral tumor was 1 - 10 years male to female ratio was 1:1.5. Among 52 cases, 37 (71.2%) patients were unilateral retinoblastoma and 15 (28.28%) patients were with bilateral disease. On radiological examination of patients suffering from retinoblastoma by B-Scan (Ultrasound), there were 33 (63.5%) cases with exophytic presentation while 18 (34.6%) cases showed endophytic morphology. On clinical examinations, 28 patients presented with proptosis of (it was the most common presenting sign in our patients, accounting for about 53.8% of cases), 20 cases presented with leucocoria eye with strabismus. 29/52 patients showed involvement with optic nerve, 17 were from 1 - 3 years age and 12 were from 4 - 6 years. Statistically there was no difference in the involvement of optic nerve, disc involvement and extra ocular extension with the age of patients (p = 0.217). There was also no statistical difference seen in age and gender for but a strong association was seen with patient’s presentation, symptoms and size of the tumors and anterior chamber, iris, ciliary body, choroid, sclera and optic nerve, and extra ocular extension. We concluded that a positive association was seen with tumor size and tumor extension (optic nerve, and extraocular extension). No Association was seen with age, gender and laterality of the tumors.
You speak English well! Asian Americans' reactions to an exceptionalizing stereotype.

This study examined a specific type of racial microaggression known as an exceptionalizing stereotype, in which an action is framed as interpersonally complimentary but perpetuates negative stereotypical views of a racial/ethnic group. Asian American participants (N = 68) were assigned to 1 of 3 brief semistructured interview conditions that highlight an exceptionalizing stereotype of Asian Americans to varying degrees. In the low racially loaded condition, participants were told, "You speak English well" by a White confederate. In the high racially loaded condition, they were told, "You speak English well for an Asian. " In the control condition, the confederate said, "Nice talking to you. " Only participants in the high racially loaded condition rated their partner, the interaction, and future interactions less favorably than participants in the control condition. They also evaluated their partner and interaction less positively than participants in the low racial loading condition. The results suggest exceptionalizing stereotypes can be interpersonally damaging for Asian Americans.
Flexible band versus rigid ring annuloplasty for functional tricuspid regurgitation: two different patterns of right heart reverse remodelling.

OBJECTIVES Annuloplasty bands and rings are widely used to treat functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR). However, the question as to which is the ideal annuloplasty device remains open. Early and late outcomes of tricuspid valve annuloplasty with flexible band (B-TVA) or rigid ring (R-TVA) are compared in the present study. METHODS Between 1999 and 2014, 462 consecutive patients (mean age, 69.2 ± 9.5 years) with grade ≥1+ functional TR (graded from 0 to 3+) underwent either B-TVA (n = 345; mean EuroSCORE II 9.2 ± 10.8%) or R-TVA (n = 117; mean EuroSCORE II 12 ± 13.4%) in addition to other cardiac procedures at the authors' institution. RESULTS One-to-one propensity score-matched analysis resulted in 98 pairs with similar baseline characteristics and operative risk. Hospital mortality was 7.5% after B-TVA and 12% after R-TVA (P = 0.14). R-TVA was associated with higher rates of low cardiac output (10.1 vs 17.9%, P = 0.025) and transient complete atrioventricular block (10.3 vs 17.2%, P = 0.046). Among the matched pairs, there were no significant differences in hospital mortality (5.1 vs 9.2%, P = 0.27) and perioperative complications. Both in overall series and matched pairs, between B-TVA and R-TVA patients, there were no significant differences in freedom from all-cause death (P = 0.29 and 0.91), cardiac and cerebrovascular deaths (P = 0.63 and 0.87) and grade ≥2+ TR (P = 0.68 and 0.77). Right atrial and tricuspid valve reverse remodelling combined with right ventricular reverse remodelling occurred after R-TVA but not after B-TVA. CONCLUSIONS B-TVA and R-TVA are equally effective in the treatment of functional TR. However, R-TVA causes over time a more complete right heart reverse remodelling.
Kinetics of Photobleaching of Protoporphyrin IX in the Skin of Nude Mice Exposed to Different Fluence Rates of Red Light

Abstract— The purpose of the present study was to determine the kinetics and the fluence rate dependency of the photo‐bleaching of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in normal skin of Balb/c nude mice after systemic and topical application of 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA). ALA was administered systemically (200 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) and topically (20% w/w ALA cream) to the mice. Fluences of up to 40 J/cm2 were delivered by a dye laser (636 nm) at fluence rates of 37.5, 75, 150, 300 and 500 mW/cm2. The photo‐bleaching rate was constant within this range of fluence rates. This result suggests that there is no oxygen effect for PpIX photobleaching in this region for the skin of Balb/c nude mice. During light exposure the fluorescence decay followed neither first‐ nor second‐order kinetics. The decay rate was slightly faster after systemic application than after topical application of ALA, but did not depend on the time (1–8 h) between application and analysis.
Young Women's Use of a Vaginal Microbicide Surrogate: The Role of Individual and Contextual Factors in Acceptability and Sexual Pleasure

Currently in clinical trials, microbicides have historically been promoted as a woman-controlled (although more recently woman initiated) method of sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention. The contradicition that exists in this rationale is that women's bodies, specifically the genitals, have been constructed as a negotiated space within sexual interactions. This study qualitatively explored the factors influencing 40 young women's use of a vaginal moisturizer (VM), utilized as a microbicide surrogate. The results indicated that use of the VM was dependent upon product characteristics (i.e., the lubricating qualities affect on sexual pleasure, timing of insertion), individual factors (i.e., reproductive health goals, experiences with side effects of existing contraceptive methods), and contextual factors (i.e., social norms). An understanding of these bodily and social issues may be beneficial in designing targeted educational campaigns and effective instructional materials as well as in facilitating positive dialogue around women's bodies and their sexuality.
Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as cholesterol 24-hydroxylase (CYP46A1) inhibitors: a patent evaluation (WO2014061676)

A series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine analogs that effectively inhibit cholesterol 24-hydroxylase (CYP46A1) was reported in WO2014061676. The treatment or prophylaxis of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, by these novel CYP46A1 inhibitors is claimed in the patent. These compounds represent a novel pharmacophore that is different from other structural motifs described in the prior patent publications by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd.
Use of the general health questionnaire in clinical work.

aided the suicide of an incurably ill person the patients have had a strong personality and sense ofautonomy-and so may not be typical. Dr Ottosson warned that handicapped people may feel troublesome and may express the wish to die because they feel that relatives should not continue to be inconvenienced. If there was a general loosening of restraints an attitude of callousness and hopelessness could spread, nursing care would suffer, and "omnipotent colleagues" might allow economic considerations or the interests of relatives to become overriding. An examination of euthanasia in the United Kingdom is overdue. It is 15 years since the BMA published its last inquiry.3 Unlike Dutch doctors, British doctors have not forced this dilemma into the open-there has been only one prosecution ofa British doctor since the last report. In a survey in 1985 sponsored by the British Voluntary Euthanasia Society almost three quarters ofa sample ofthe general public agreed that "the law should allow adults to receive medical help to an immediate peaceful death if they suffer from an incurable physical illness that is intolerable to them. " Only 15% ofdoctors agreed. The 1986 annual representative meeting ofthe British Medical Association urged the association to reconsider its policy that euthanasia "cannot be accepted by the medical profession. "3 To what extent will the newly -formed BMA ethical committee on euthanasia, chaired by Sir Henry Yellowlees, be able to balance the seemingly conflicting demands of respect for the autonomy of the individual and maintenance of the corporate sense that it is morally wrong to kill?
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with a chromosome abnormality (46,XY,20q–) in all dividing myeloid cells: Evidence for clonal origin in a multipotent stem cell common to granulocyte, monocyte, erythrocyte, and thrombocyte

In a typical case of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), a chromosome abnormality, 46, XY,20q‐, was observed in all the dividing cells including up to 16‐ploid cells in the bone marrow and the blood. As the mitotic figures could be easily seen not only in myelomonocytoid cells but also in erythroblasts in the bone marrow smear, it was concluded that all the cell lineages except lymphocytes had the abnormality. The present case will support the view that the leukemic process in CMML affects a multipotent stem cell rather than a granulocyte‐monocyte committed stem cell.
SHAPING ABILITY OF NITI ROTARY VERSUS STAINLESS-STEEL HAND INSTRUMENTS IN CURVED ROOT CANALS OF EXTRACTED TEETH

Introduction: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to compare shaping ability of NiTi rotary Mtwo and FlexMaster with stainless steel hand KFlexofile in curved root canals of extracted teeth. Materials and Methods: Mesiobuccal canals of 45 mandibular molar teeth were balanced into three groups of 15 each, with respect to the Schneider angle, canal access angle, height, distance and radius of canal Curvature. Canals were prepared with Mtwo, FlexMaster and stainless steel hand K-Flexofile according to the manufac
BIOSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS BY PRETREATED BIOMASS OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER

The present study reports the biosorption potential of chemically pretreated mycelial biomass of fungus Aspergillus niger van. Tieghem for Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous phase. Fungal biomass was pretreated with different types of alkaline/salts (NaOH, NaHCO3, Na2CO3, NaCl & CaCl2,), acids (HCl & H2SO4) and detergent. Pretreatment of biomass with Na2CO3 and NaOH were proved to increase or maintain adsorption efficiency and capacity in comparison to untreated biomass. Pretreatment with NaHCO3, detergent, NaCl and CaCl2 significantly reduce (10-40%) metal sequestering efficiency of the adsorbent. Whereas, acid treatments resulted in drastic loss (80%) in metal uptake efficiency of the biomass. Amongst various pretreatments, Na2CO3 could be use efficiently for the removal of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution using A. niger.
Patient Controlled Epidural Analgesia during Labour: Effect of Addition of Background Infusion on Quality of Analgesia & Maternal Satisfaction

Summary Patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) is a well established technique for pain relief during labor. But the inclusion of continuous background infusion to PCEA is controversial. The aim of this study was to assess whether the use of continuous infusion along with PCEA was beneficial for laboring women with regards to quality of analgesia, maternal satisfaction and neonatal outcome in comparison to PCEA alone. Fifty five parturients received epidural bolus of 10ml solution containing 0.125% bupivacaine +2 µg. ml−1 of fentanyl. For maintenance of analgesia the patients of Group PCEA self administered 8 ml bolus with lockout interval of 20 minutes of above solution on demand with no basal infusion. While the patients of Group PCEA + CI received continuous epidural infusion at the rate of 10 ml.hr-1 along with self administered boluses of 3 ml with lockout interval of 10 minutes of similar epidural solution. Patients of both groups were given rescue boluses by the anaesthetists for distressing pain. Verbal analogue pain scores, incidence of distressing pain, need of supplementary/rescue boluses, dose of bupivacaine consumed, maternal satisfaction and neonatal Apgar scores were recorded. No significant difference was observed between mean VAS pain scores during labor, maternal satisfaction, mode of delivery or neonatal Apgar scores. But more patients (n=8) required rescue boluses in PCEA group for distressing pain. The total volume consumed of bupivacaine and opioid was slightly more in PCEA + CI group. In both the techniques the highest sensory level, degree of motor block were comparable & prolongation of labor was not seen. It was concluded that both the techniques provided equivalent labor analgesia, maternal satisfaction and neonatal Apgar scores. PCEA along with continuous infusion at the rate of 10 ml/ hr resulted in lesser incidence of distressing pain and need for rescue analgesic. Although this group consumed higher dose of bupivacaine, it did not affect maternal or neonatal safety.
Psychotherapy for the myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome: a study of factors coinciding with symptom remission.

Patients with myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome participated in 12 psychotherapy sessions in an experiment to correlate psychological variables with the remission of symptoms. Twenty-three patients with myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome completed brief psychotherapy after they did not respond to conventional treatment methods. Remission of symptoms occurred in 15 patients while in therapy and in two after therapy; remission did not occur in six patients. Symptom remission coincided with relief from a strong negative emotion, recognition of an unvalid or unrealistic self-concept, development of a feeling of competence, or a specific change in the patient’s environment.
Determinants in CaV1 Channels That Regulate the Ca2+ Sensitivity of Bound Calmodulin*

Calmodulin binds to IQ motifs in the α1 subunit of CaV1.1 and CaV1.2, but the affinities of calmodulin for the motif and for Ca2+ are higher when bound to CaV1.2 IQ. The CaV1.1 IQ and CaV1.2 IQ sequences differ by four amino acids. We determined the structure of calmodulin bound to CaV1.1 IQ and compared it with that of calmodulin bound to CaV1.2 IQ. Four methionines in Ca2+-calmodulin form a hydrophobic binding pocket for the peptide, but only one of the four nonconserved amino acids (His-1532 of CaV1.1 and Tyr-1675 of CaV1.2) contacts this calmodulin pocket. However, Tyr-1675 in CaV1.2 contributes only modestly to the higher affinity of this peptide for calmodulin; the other three amino acids in CaV1.2 contribute significantly to the difference in the Ca2+ affinity of the bound calmodulin despite having no direct contact with calmodulin. Those residues appear to allow an interaction with calmodulin with one lobe Ca2+-bound and one lobe Ca2+-free. Our data also provide evidence for lobe-lobe interactions in calmodulin bound to CaV1.2.
Market Valuation and Acquisition Quality: Empirical Evidence

Existing research shows that significantly more acquisitions occur when stock markets are booming than when markets are depressed. Rhodes-Kropf and Viswanathan (2004) hypothesize that firm-specific and market-wide valuations lead to an excess of mergers, and these will be value destroying. This article investigates whether acquisitions occurring during booming markets are fundamentally different from those occurring during depressed markets. We find that acquirers buying during high-valuation markets have significantly higher announcement returns but lower long-run abnormal stock and operating performance than those buying during low-valuation markets. We investigate possible explanations for the long-run underperformance and conclude it is consistent with managerial herding. The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Society for Financial Studies. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org. , Oxford University Press.
Application of Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells in Experimental Nephrology

Recent advancement in developmental biology has led to the discovery of immature mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrow and several established organs. The therapeutic potentials of such stem cells for treating serious diseases constitute a major rationale for every research effort, and clinical trials for replacing some damaged tissues such as cartilage are currently under way. Although the feasibility of such stem cell therapies for renal diseases remains unknown, it is worthy of pursuing possibilities. As an experimental tool, we have made chimeric rats that carry the bone marrow of transgenic rats expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) throughout the body. All marrow lineages can be traced with bright green fluorescence regardless of their terminal phenotypes in chimeric rats. When compared with other conventional strategies for tracking bone marrow-derived cells, our system is highly sensitive and allows us to take advantage of the rat nephrology. Using this system, we have reported that bone marrow provides mesangial cells during repair process. In this manuscript, we briefly summarize our experiences.
Applying metacognition in EFL writing instruction in China

This paper aims to apply metacognitive theory in EFL writing instruction to provide an alternative solution to the difficulties and problems in EFL writing classes in China. Metacognition is knowledge about cognition and regulation of cognition. This paper advocates both teaching with metacognition and teaching for metacognition. To teach with metacognition, an EFL writing instructor should reflect upon his or her own teaching, and possess both metacognitive strategic knowledge and executive management strategies. When instructors teach for metacognition, students can learn about what the strategies are, how to use the strategies, when and why to apply the strategies, and as a result, learn to regulate their cognitive activities. Three guidelines are proposed for EFL instructors to make metacognitive teaching an integral part of writing instruction.