Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MIPv6 Soft Hand-off for Multi-Sink Wireless Sensor Networks

Although Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are one of the most promising technologies of the 21st century with potential applications in virtually all areas of activity, ranging from the personal area to the global environment a considerable number of challenges has still to be addressed in order to make WSNs a day-to-day reality. First of all, reachability issues (including IP connectivity, addressing and routing) must be solved. Then, other problems such as self-configuration, quality of service, and security must also be tackled. A crucial aspect, however, is mobility. Many applications require sensor mobility, and either network mobility, to be effective. Some examples include the use of WSNs for vehicle monitoring and control, or health parameters monitoring of ambulatory patients. Without efficient mobility mechanisms, the application areas of WSNs will be highly restricted. In terms of WSN reachability, there is clear movement towards the adoption of IPv6. The use of IP in sensor nodes has considerable benefits in terms of connectivity, and IPv6 has several advantages when compared to IPv4, the most prominent being the much larger address space. There are, nonetheless, other important advantages of IPv6, such as native support for mobility, anycast addressing, security and self-configuration. Recently, the IETF created the 6LowPAN group Mulligan (2008) to study the integration of IPv6 in simple IEEE 802.15. 4 wireless devices. 6LowPAN proposes a middleware layer to integrate IPv6 in WSNs. Concerning packet headers, although the IPv6 header is simpler when compared to the IPv4 header, it is larger because of the use of 128-bit addresses, as opposed to the 32-bit addresses in IPv4. To circumvent this, 6LowPAN proposes the use of compressed headers. There are already some implementations of 6LowPAN modules for the TinyOS and Contiki operating systems. However, mobility is not yet supported in these IPv6-over-WSNs environments. Although mobility of WSNs has been addressed in the recent past, most of the existing work assumes mobility of the whole WSN (i.e., of sink nodes) Dantu (2005) Labrindis (2005) Raviraj (2005), leaving out the issue of sensor node mobility. There are, nevertheless, some models Ekici (2006) Heidemann (2002) that propose the use of MAC-layer protocols to support mobile sensor nodes registration. However, to the best of our knowledge, they do not address the integration of WSNs in the IP world. In this paper we propose a framework for an effective support of mobility inWSNs. The innovative aspects of the framework consist of the use of mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) in wireless sensor 8
Rendering and managing spherical data with sphere quadtrees

The sphere quadtree (SQT), which is based on the recursive subdivision of spherical triangles obtained by projecting the faces of an icosahedron onto a sphere, is discussed. Most databases for spherically distributed data are not structured in a manner consistent with their geometry. As a result, such databases possess undesirable artifacts, including the introduction of tears in the data when they are mapped onto a flat file system. Furthermore, it is difficult to make queries about the topological relationship among the data components without performing real arithmetic. The SQT eliminates some of these problems. The SQT allows the representation of data at multiple levels and arbitrary resolution. Efficient search strategies can be implemented for the selection of data to be rendered or analyzed by a specific technique. Geometric and topological consistency with the data are maintained. <<ETX>>
Structured learning in recurrent neural network using genetic algorithm with internal copy operator

We compose a genetic algorithm that uses an internal copy operator for recurrent neural network learning. The internal copy operator copies one part of a gene to another part of the same gene. We show that the proposed algorithm accelerates learning. We also show that the internal copy operator organizes the structure in the network. The organized structure improves the learning ability and makes it possible to acquire a set of limit cycles easily.
A Bayesian performance prediction model for mathematics education: A prototypical approach for effective group composition

This research work presents a Bayesian Performance Prediction Model that was created in order to determine the strength of personality traits in predicting the level of mathematics performance of high school students in Addis Ababa. It is an automated tool that can be used to collect information from students for the purpose of effective group composition. During the study, attributes that affect performance in mathematics were identified and the sources of the data were analysed. Basedoncollecteddata,apredictivetoolwasdevelopedanda70.9%prediction accuracy was achieved vis-a-vis actual exam results. Further work and modification of the prediction model increased the level of prediction accuracy to 78.4%. Thefindingsof thisresearchprovideaninsightintothepossibleapplicationsof uncertainty management techniques, particularly to address some of the conflicting results relating to the significance of factors affecting student performanceof themathematicssubject.Thishasimplicationsregardingmethodsof grouping learners for optimum performance. Future research may include a deeper exploration of factors related to performance and more specifically how the Bayesian predictive model can be incorporated for effective group formation. Furthermore, researchers might be able to extend the application of similar performance prediction models for other academic subjects.
Why Can't We Get It Right?: Designing High-Quality Professional Development for Standards-Based Schools

Foreword - Dennis Sparks Preface Acknowledgments About the Authors 1. Essential Questions About High-Quality Professional Development 2. Creating the Culture for a Learning Community 3. Conditions and Processes for Professional Development 4. Designing Your Own Model 5. Evaluating Professional Development 6. Rethinking Professional Learning Resource: Recommended Readings and Web Sites References Index
An image resizing IC for multiple window display

An image resizing IC which can perform real-time multiple window size adjustment is designed. In this resizer, the multiplierless, modulized CIC (Cascaded Integrator-Comb) filters are chosen to execute band-with filtering. Filter stages can be allocated to image resizing processes for different size windows according to our hardware utilization rule. An overlap-save skill is applied on account of delay line memory reduction. Our design is further implemented into IC using CCL's 0.8 um cells library and is scheduled to serve the resizing process of four 320/spl times/200 image resources 30 frames per second.
Teaching Business Translation

Abstract In line with the growing interest in the social constructivist approach to translator training, this article proposes that task-based teaching (TBT), a method initiated and popularized in the field of second language instruction, should be adopted in business translator training. However, given the considerable differences between teaching a second language and training translators, adjustments will have to be made to the TBT methodology to enable its application in the translation classroom (Gonzalez Davis 2004). It is proposed here that task cycles in translator training consist of six stages, including pretask, task, reporting, analysis, revising and reflection. While the adoption of this model may pose challenges for translation teachers and students, these are outweighed by the advantages of TBT, an approach that (1) shifts the focus from teaching to learning, (2) draws students’ attention to the translation process, (3) develops reflective practices among students, and (4) most important of all, activates and develops translation competence, the ultimate goal of all translation training programmes.
Nutritional habits of female university students in relation to selfperception of body

Summary Study aim: To determine whether the self-assessment of body mass has an impact on the nutritional behaviour of young women. Material and methods: The material was gathered in cross-sectional research of 1129 female university students. The measurements of body height, body mass, and waist and hip circumference were taken. Each person completed a questionnaire concerned the nutritional habits, recreational physical activity, and self-perception of body mass. In this work, only the data of 925 students with BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 were included. Results: Of the participants, 2.8% of the students assessed their body mass as too low, 75.4% as correct, and 21.8% as too high. Students assessing their body mass as too low featured the lowest values of BMI and waist circumference, whereas those with a body mass assessment of too high featured the highest values of BMI. Those students with a body mass assessment as too high followed a diet and skipped meals far more frequently, consumed breads and sweets far less frequently, and drank more liquids daily than students who assessed their body mass as correct. No differences were found in the frequency of recreational physical activity in relation to self-perception of body mass. Conclusions: BMI values above population average, even if they fit within the norm, are regarded by the students as too high. The self-assessment of body mass as too high results in undertaking efforts aimed at reducing body mass.
Unsupervised color image segmentation

Color image segmentation is highly useful in many applications including image enhancement, target recognition, and image indexing for content-based retrieval. A novel method for unsupervised color image segmentation is proposed in this paper, which consists of two steps. In the first step, the high frequency wavelet coefficients are used to divide the whole image into perceptually meaningful object-of-interest and background. Then, Deng's (2001) 'good segmentation' criterion is applied to the extracted object areas to get the contour of the objects. This method is automatic in that it does not need any interaction. The efficiency is shown through some experimental results.
A corpus-based approach to tense and aspect in English-Chinese translation

English is predominantly a tense language, whereas Chinese is exclusively an aspect language (c.f. Wang, 1943:151; Gao, 1948:189; Gong, 1991:252; Norman, 1988:163). While tense and aspect both provide temporal information, they are two different concepts. Tense is deictic in that it indicates the temporal location of a situation, i.e., its occurrence in relation to a specific reference time . Aspect is non-deictic in that it is related to the temporal shape of a situation, i.e., its internal temporal structure and ways of presentation, independent of its temporal location. As such, Chinese does not have the grammatical category of tense, because the concept denoted by tense is indicated by content words like adverbs of time or it is implied by context . Aspectual meanings, however, are signaled by aspect markers, grammaticalised function words that convey aspectual meaning. In short, Chinese grammatically marks aspect but does not grammatically mark tense. English, however, grammatically marks both tense and aspect. Even though both languages mark aspect, the aspect system in these two languages differs significantly. In this paper, we will explore these differences using an English-Chinese parallel corpus, showing how aspectual meanings and temporal notions in English texts are translated into Chinese.
Enhancing undergraduate learning with information technology : a workshop summary

Enhancing Undergraduate Learning with Information Technology reports on a meeting of scientists, policy makers, and researchers convened to discuss new approaches to undergraduate science, mathematics, and technology education. The goal of the workshop was to inform workshop participants and the public about issues surrounding the use of information technology in education. To reach this goal, the workshop participants paid particular attention to the following issues: What educational technologies currently exist and how they are being used to transform undergraduate science, engineering, mathematics, and technology education; What is known about the potential future impact of information technology on teaching and learning at the undergraduate level; How to evaluate the impact of information technology on teaching and learning; and What the future might hold.
Mobile Wireless Communications: Access and scheduling techniques in cellular systems

1. Introduction and overview 2. Characteristics of the mobile radio environment - propagation phenomena 3. Cellular concept and channel allocation 4. Dynamic channel allocation and power control 5. Modulation techniques 6. Multiple access techniques: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA - system capacity comparisons 7. Coding for error detection and correction 8. Second-generation, digital, wireless systems 9. Performance analysis: admission control and handoffs 10. 2.5G/3G mobile wireless systems: packet-switched data 11. Access and scheduling techniques in cellular systems 12. Wireless LANs and personal-area networks.
Multirate Digital Signal Processing: Multirate Systems, Filter Banks, Wavelets

From the Publisher: Illustrates the properties of various filter banks, enabling readers to distinguish between their diverse types. Provides design methodologies for multirate filters and filter banks. Since much of the material is quite advanced, the text features many figures and examples to aid understanding. Includes an international bibliography containing approximately 150 references to encourage readers to learn more about this fascinating and complex subject.
Reinforcement learning for the adaptive control of perception and action

This dissertation applies reinforcement learning to the adaptive control of active sensory-motor systems. Active sensory-motor systems, in addition to providing for overt action, also support active, selective sensing of the environment. The principal advantage of this active approach to perception is that the agent's internal representation can be made highly task specific--thus, avoiding wasteful sensory processing and the representation of irrelevant information. One unavoidable consequence of active perception is that improper control can lead to internal states that confound functionally distinct states in the external world. This phenomenon, called perceptual aliasing, is shown to destabilize existing reinforcement learning algorithms with respect to optimal control. To overcome these difficulties, an approach to adaptive control, called the Consistent Representation (CR) method, is developed. This method is used to construct systems that learn not only the overt actions needed to solve a task, but also where to focus their attention in order to collect necessary sensory information. The principle of the CR-method is to separate control into two stages: an identification stage, followed by an overt stage. The identification stage generates the task-specific internal representation that is used by the overt control stage. Adaptive identification is accomplished by a technique that involves the detection and suppression of perceptually aliased internal states. Q-learning is used for adaptive overt control. The technique is then extended to include two cooperative learning mechanisms, called Learning with an External Critic (LEC) and Learning By Watching (LBW), respectively, which significantly improve learning. Cooperative mechanisms exploit the presence of helpful agents in the environment to supply auxillary sources of trial-and-error experience and to decrease the latency between the execution and evaluation of an action.
Analysis of channel capacity of M-ary DPSK and D/sup 2/PSK with time-selective Rician fading

Channel capacities of M-ary differential phase shift keying (DPSK) and M-ary adjacent D/sup 2/PSK on the time-selective Rician fading channels are analyzed, using the probability distribution factors (PDF's) of the first-order and second-order phase errors in the output of the detectors. The analyses are carried out for the systems with hard decision and soft decision. It is found that in terms of channel capacities for both DPSK and D/sup 2/PSK with soft decision and M/spl rArr//spl infin/, the penalty for the slow Rayleigh fading channel compared with the AWGN channel is about 4.8 dB for a high SNR.
Statistical methods for microarray data

In this thesis novel statistical methods are developed for the analysis of high dimensional microarray data. In short: Chapter 1 gives an overview of the most important research methods developed so far. Chapter 2 describes a method for testing association of the expression of gene sets (pathways) with a patient level response variable, which can be continuous or two-valued. Chapter 3 extends the methodology of chapter 2 to survival as a response variable. Chapter 4 presents a goodness-of-fit test for the multinomial regression model, which can be used to extend the methodology of chapter 2 to multi-valued outcomes. Chapter 5 presents a general theoretical framework in for the tests of chapters 2-4 and derives optimality properties for these tests. Chapter 6 presents a method for predicting a response variable from high dimensional data, based on latent variables. Chapter 7 presents a visualization tool for improved presentation of scatterplots with many thousands of dots.
Negotiation of Meaning in Nonnative Speaker-Nonnative Speaker Synchronous Discussions

Research on negotiation has thus far focused on oral conversations/ interactions. This study expands on this line of research by investigating whether learners engage in negotiation when exchanging ideas in synchronous computer-mediated interaction. Four groups of learners of Spanish discussed a number of content questions about a reading assignment using an Open Transport (OT) Chat. The analyses of the transcripts of the interactions showed that instances of negotiation as operationalized in Varonis and Gass (1985b) do occur in the electronic medium. A limited repertoire of types of primes reoccurred, due in part to the nature of the medium and the academic context of foreign language learning in which the interactions took place. Of special concern was the tendency to use the native language in the response of the majority of the routines since this tendency does not result in target language modified output, which is claimed to be fundamental for second language acquisition (SLA) (Swain, 1985).
Transfer of learning from traditional optics to wavefront aberrometry

This research presents an investigation of how students dynamically construct knowledge in a new situation. In particular, this work focuses on the contexts of light and optics, and examines the dynamic construction of an understanding of wavefront aberrometry. The study began with clinical interviews designed to elicit students’ prior knowledge about light, basic optics, and vision; the data were analyzed phenomenographically to obtain student models of understanding and examine the possible model variations. The results indicate that students have a significant number of resources in this subject area, though some are incomplete or less useful than others. In subsequent phases, many learning and teaching interviews were conducted to design and test scaffolding procedures that could be of use to students as they constructed their understanding of the given phenomenon. Throughout this work, student responses were analyzed in terms of the resources that were being used through the knowledge construction process. Finally, a modified analysis method is presented and utilized for quantifying what types of concepts students use while constructing their understanding, and how they are able to link varying types of concepts together. Significant implications extend beyond the single context of wavefront aberrometry. Each distinct analysis technique provides further insight to the ways in which students learn across contexts and the ways in which we can scaffold their learning to improve curriculum and instruction. TRANSFER OF LEARNING FROM TRADITIONAL OPTICS TO WAVEFRONT ABERROMETRY
H/sub 2/-control with acceleration feedback for a micro positioning system

The precision and micro assembly requires special tools in order to fulfil the high demands in accuracy and control of the assembly process. Our new precise gripper tool with 2 DOF, the micro positioning system (MPS), enables micro assembly with standard industrial robots by compensating for vibrations and inaccuracies of the handling device. The new developed control system combines data of three diverse sensors to perform the corrective movement. The designed control system of the MPS consists of two closed-loop and one open-loop regulator. A classical control design with pole-zero cancellation is used to linearize the hysteresis of the piezo actuator. An H/sub 2/-regulator using only acceleration feedback is the main part of the control system and generates a control signal proportional to the position for the actuator's corrective movement. The third regulator handles the reference input. The realized control system reduces vibrations to less than 30%, the position accuracy without disturbances is better than 2 microns according to experimental results.
Pengembangkan Literasi Digital pada Warga Negara Muda dalam Pembelajaran PPKn melalui Model VCT

Delapan puluh persen dari 30 juta anak dan remaja Indonesia menggunakan internet dan media digital. Pola prilaku anak dan remaja dalam menggunakan internet cenderung memberikan informasi pribadi mereka pada media digital, sejumlah besar anak dan remaja di Indonesia terekspos konten pornografi, secara sengaja, ataupun tidak sengaja, minimnya pengawasan orang tua terhadap aktivitas digital yang dilakukan oleh anak juga mendorong terjadi “penyimpangan” penggunaan internet, prilaku perundungan (bully), dan mudahnya mengeluarkan kata-kata makian pada laman media sosial di internet, menunjukkan telah terjadi degradasi moral terhadap anak dan remaja, penggunaan media digital dan internet juga mendorong timbulnya kejahatan cyber. PPKn merupakan mata pelajaran yang diamanahkan membetuk dan mengembangkan karakter warganegara berdasarkan nilai-nilai pancasila, termaksud juga karakater “melek” digital (literasi digital) kepada peserta didik. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah memberikan alternatif model pembelajaran yang dapat diterapkan oleh guru PPKn untuk menumbuhkan dan mengembangkan budaya literasi digital kepada peserta didik, sehingga terbentuk etika digital dalam penggunaan media digital dan internet. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka. Simpulannya Guru PPKn memiliki peran strategis dalam membentuk dan mengembangkan literasi digital pada pesrta didik sebagai warga negara muda. Melalui model pembelajaran VCT (value clarification tehnique) guru PPKn dapat mengembangkan budaya literasi digital kepada peserta didik secara efektif.