Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of pre-harvest spray of plant growth regulators and nutrients on post-harvest quality of guava (Psidium guajava L.)

A field experiment to study the effect of pre-harvest application of plant growth regulators and nutrients namely giberellic acid, naphthalene acetic acid, calcium nitrate and zinc sulphate on post-harvest quality of guava was conducted at Fruit Orchard, College of Agriculture, RVSKVV, Gwalior (M.P.) during the year of 2015-16 and . The experiment was laid out with thirteen treatments replicated three times in a Randomized Block Design. Results revealed that guava fruits treated with 0.6% zinc sulphate increased the post-harvest quality of guava fruits on 9 days over control and proved superior to maintain the considerable physico-chemical composition (TSS, acidity, TSS/ acid ratio, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, ascorbic acid content and pectin content) of guava fruits as compared to control and different doses of other chemicals. Spray of other chemicals spray proved inferior to zinc sulphate and superior to control with respect to physic-chemical composition of fruits. The lower values of physico-chemical composition of guava fruit were recorded in control
Examining the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Dynamic Capability to the Adoption of Digital Marketing in Consumer Shopping Good Firms

The topic of digital marketing has been studied from various perspectives by scholars in recent years as an effect of Internet usage advances. The Internet has also fundamentally changed the paradigm of today’s business communications, altered the way in which information is shared, and set an enormous influence on marketing strategy. There are prior studies on the relationship between leadership type and new technology adoption, as well as dynamic capability and new technology adoption. Most of these studies have confirmed that there is a significant correlation between both transformational and dynamic capabilities to new technology adoption, of which most emphasized the adoption of the Internet or e-commerce. While previous studies have confirmed the relationship amongst those variables, this paper investigates empirically in one cohesive research model on the relationship between transformational leadership and digital marketing adoption, dynamic capability and digital marketing adoption, and dynamic capability as a mediating variable on the relationship between transformational leadership and digital marketing adoption. Furthermore, this research uniquely studies consumer shopping goods in the context of Indonesia. The survey was undertaken in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia, with 215 firms in the field of consumer shopping goods. The outcome reveals that there is a direct impact of dynamic capability to digital marketing adoption, but to the contrary, there is an indirect impact between transformational leadership and digital marketing adoption. This study also finds that the relationship between transformational leadership and digital marketing adoption is fully mediated by the dynamic capability of the firms.
Neoplasia in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Treated with 7,12-Diniethylbenz[a]anthracene by Two Exposure Routes at Different Developmental Stages

Using zebrafish, Danio rerio, initial pioneering work in the 1960s revealed carcinogen responsiveness of fish, yet very few subsequent tumorigenesis investigations have utilized this species. We exposed embryos (60 hours postfertilization) and fry (3 week posthatch) to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) by immersion in aqueous solutions for 24 hours, at concentrations of 0-1 or 0-5 ppm (mg/L), respectively. Juvenile zebrafish 2 months posthatch were fed a diet containing 0-1,000 ppm DMBA for 4 months. Fish were sampled for histologic evaluation at 7-12 months after the onset of carcinogen treatment. Fry were most responsive to DMBA and showed the widest diversity of target tissues and histologic types of neoplasia, having several types of epithelial, mesenchymal, and neural neoplasia. The principal target tissues for carcinogenic response were liver following embryo or fry exposure, with gill and blood vessel the second and third most responsive tissues in fry. Intestine was the primary target and gill a secondary target in fish that received dietary DMBA as juveniles. These studies indicate that young zebrafish are most responsive to DMBA, showing a greater diversity of neoplasm types than rainbow trout. Thus, zebrafish are a valuable model system in which to study mechanistic aspects of the carcinogenesis process.
Effects of dust phenomenon on heavy metals in raw milk in western Iran

Introduction. After the Iraq war, the dust phenomenon has increased in western Iran. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of the dust phenomenon on the content of heavy metals in raw milk in Ilam province. Study objects and methods. The dust samples were collected during one year. The concentrations of dust particles were determined with the Enviro Check Laser System, using the Dust Monitor Check. The concentration of heavy metals in dust was determined by using the high volume air samplers and glass fiber filters. Results and discussion. Heavy metals (lead, arsenic, zinc, copper, and iron) were measured at four sampling sites in raw milk by the atomic absorption method. The mean and standard deviations of dust particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) were 105.6 ± 90.5 and 25.9 ± 15.4 μg/m3, respectively. The amounts of arsenic, zinc, lead, and copper were higher in the spring and summer. Lead levels in western and southern regions were higher than those in the east, center, and north. Conclusion. We found similar trends for arsenic, zinc, copper, and iron in raw milk. Our results showed the potential effect of the dust phenomenon on the presence of heavy metals in raw milk.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with Sonazoid in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis

With the development of second-generation contrast agents and advancement in contrast harmonic imaging, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) now has the capacity to sensitively and accurately show tumor vascularity. Therefore, marked improvements have been achieved in the diagnosis of focal liver lesions(FLLs), including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), by US. In contrast to other agents, Kupffer cells in liver sinusoids take up Sonazoid. Two contrast enhancement phases occur in CEUS with Sonazoid: a vascular phase and Kupffer phase. Images obtained in the Kupffer phase have higher diagnostic sensitivity for hepatic malignancies because the majority of these malignancies do not contain Kupffer cells. Dynamic images obtained in the vascular phase markedly narrow the clinical differential diagnoses of FLLs. The sustainable detection of inconspicuous HCC, adequate guidance of ablation therapy, and accurate assessment of treatment responses in HCC are all facilitated by Sonazoid. The principles, clinical applications, and techniques of CEUS with Sonazoid in the diagnosis of HCC will be reviewed herein.
Using Failure Detection and Consensus in the General Omission Failure Model to Solve Security Problems

It has recently been shown that fair exchange, a security problem in distributed systems, can be reduced to a fault tolerance problem, namely a special form of distributed consensus. The reduction uses the concept of security modules which reduce the type and nature of adversarial behavior to two standard fault-assumptions: message omission and process crash. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of solving consensus in asynchronous systems in which crash and message omission faults may occur. Due to the impossibility result of consensus in such systems, following the lines of unreliable failure detectors of Chandra and Toueg, we add to the system a distributed device that gives information about the failure of other processes. Then we give an algorithm using this device to solve the consensus problem. Finally, we show how to implement such a device in a asynchronous untrusted environment using security modules and some weak timing assumptions.
Using a Neural Network Codec Approximation Loss to Improve Source Separation Performance in Limited Capacity Networks

A growing need for on-device machine learning has led to an increased interest in light-weight neural networks that lower model complexity while retaining performance. While a variety of general-purpose techniques exist in this context, very few approaches exploit domain-specific properties to further improve upon the capacity-performance trade-off. In this paper, extending our prior work [1], we train a network to emulate the behaviour of an audio codec and use this network to construct a loss. By approximating the psychoacoustic model underlying the codec, our approach enables light-weight neural networks to focus on perceptually relevant properties without wasting their limited capacity on imperceptible signal components. We adapt our method to two audio source separation tasks, demonstrate an improvement in performance for small-scale networks via listening tests, characterize the behaviour of the loss network in detail, and quantify the relationship between performance gain and model capacity. Our work illustrates the potential for incorporating perceptual principles into objective functions for neural networks.
“School Never Stops”: Measures and Experience in Italian Schools during the COVID-19 Lockdown

With the COVID-19 outbreak and the resulting lockdown, Italian schools have continued to provide education using distance learn-ing systems. In this emergency, the primary aim of the Ministry of Education was to guarantee each student’s right to education. The expression “School Never Stops” (“La Scuola non si ferma”) is a clear response to the country’s isolation and a demonstration of the school staff’s commitment. This paper describes Italy’s educa-tional response during the lockdown by illustrating the measures undertaken by the Ministry of Education and the initiatives by pri-vate and public organizations. The challenges of distance educa-tion during the pandemic emergency and future directions for the reopening of schools in September are also examined and dis-cussed.
Hepatic iron and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Increased iron is suspected to enhance hepatic injury associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFL). We evaluated the impact of iron accumulation on the outcome of NAFL. Patients with NAFL were identified from our database. Twenty‐two clinicodemographic and 19 pathological features were available for each patient. Histological staining (Perls' Prussian blue), hepatic iron concentration (HIC), and hepatic iron index (HII) were determined. Data on follow‐up, mortality, and cause of death were analyzed. In 65 patients with available liver biopsy blocks, HIC and HII were 1,171 ± 717 μg/g dry weight and 0.43 ± 0.30 μmol/g/yr, respectively. Males had more iron accumulation (HIC: 1,514 ± 836 vs. 859 ± 389, P = .0001; and HII: 0.58 ± 0.35 vs. 0.29 ± 0.16, P =.0001). In type II diabetics, both HIC (977 ± 769 vs. 1,301 ± 659; P < .05) and HII (0.30 ± 0.23 vs. 0.52 ± 0.32; P < .05) were lower. Iron accumulation was not related to other variables analyzed. Increased iron was not seen in those with higher grades of fibrosis or other pathological features associated with the aggressive form of NAFL (hepatocyte necrosis, fibrosis, ballooning degeneration, and Mallory hyaline). Iron accumulation was not associated with increased overall mortality, liver‐related mortality, or development of cirrhosis. In summary, in most patients with NAFL, significant iron accumulation is not seen. Additionally, in our series of patients with NAFL, iron is not associated with poor clinical or pathological outcomes.
Task Understanding from Confusing Multi-task Data

Beyond machine learning’s success in the speciﬁc tasks, research for learning multiple tasks simultaneously is referred to as multi-task learning. However, existing multi-task learning needs manual deﬁnition of tasks and manual task annotation. A crucial problem for advanced intelligence is how to understand the human task concept using basic input-output pairs. Without task deﬁnition, samples from multiple tasks are mixed together and result in a confusing mapping challenge. We pro-pose Confusing Supervised Learning (CSL) that takes these confusing samples and extracts task concepts by differentiating between these samples. We theoretically proved the feasibility of the CSL framework and designed an iterative algorithm to distinguish between tasks. The experiments demonstrate that our CSL methods could achieve a human-like task understanding without task labeling in multi-function regression problems and multi-task recognition problems.
Measuring patients' ability to read and comprehend: a first step in patient education.

Recent reports released by the U.S. Department of Education indicate that approximately 90 million adults have poor reading and comprehension skills. This information highlights the importance of considering the literacy level of clients when planning patient education programs. The purpose of this investigation was to measure, in urban public clinics, the discrepancy between a self-report of the highest grade completed in school and the actual reading and comprehension levels of patients, measured by the WRAT and CLOZE. Twenty-five subjects, 22 African Americans and 3 Caucasians, participated in this study. The findings indicated that, even though the self-reported highest grade completed showed a mean of twelth grade, the actual mean reading level was below eighth grade. The results on comprehension showed that 52% (N = 13) of the subjects needed additional instructions after reading materials and 24% were unable to comprehend what they read. The demographics of people with poor literacy skills suggests that they represent a significant proportion of health care consumers who visit health departments, primary care facilities, and community-based health centers.
Field efficacy of some insecticides, neem oil and spinosad against shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Guen.) on brinjal

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif season of 2018 at the central research farm of Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj. The percent infestation of brinjal shoot and fruit borer on third, seventh and fourteenth days after spraying revealed that all the treatements were superior over control. Among alkl the treatments, the treatment with recommended insecticide Spinosad 45 SC was the most effective treatment followed by Chloropyriphos 50EC + Cypermethrin 5EC and Emamectin benzoate 5SG. The next best treatments were found to be Cypermethrin 25EC, Chloropyriphos 20EC and Flubendamide 20WG. Neem oil was least effective against Leucinodes orbonalis (Guen.). The highest Benefit cost ratio was recorded in Spinosad (1:6.70) followed by Chloropyrifos 50EC + Cypermethrin 5EC (1:6.21), Emamectin benzoate (1:5.40), Cypermethrin (1:5.02), Chloropyrifos (1:4.38), Flubendamide (1:3.88) and Neem oil (1:3.22).
Intimomedial mucoid degeneration causing aortic and renal artery aneurysms in a young adult

Abstract Intimomedial mucoid degeneration (IMMD) is characterised by aneurysm formation following mucin deposition in the intima and media, with elastic tissue degeneration of the arterial wall. We present a case of a young adult who developed a diffusely aneurysmal aorta and its major branches, which was histopathologically confirmed as intimomedial mucoid degeneration, and a review of the literature. This case report attempts to raise the awareness of the reader to this rare cause of aortic aneurysm and to the bleeding diathesis associated with IMMD that may complicate surgery.
Age-Stage Differences in Body Sway during a Static Upright Posture Based on Sway Factors and Relative Accumulation of Power Frequency

This study was done to examine age-stage (preschool children, young adults, and elderly people) differences in the center-of-pressure sway using body-sway factors (unit-time sway, front-back sway, left-right sway, and high frequency-band power), power-spectrum distribution, and relative accumulation of power frequency (25%, 50%, and 75% RAPF) of the center-of-pressure spectrum. The center-of-pressure movement for 1 min. was measured twice using Anima's stabilometer. Data-sampling frequency was set at 20 Hz. Significant age-stage differences were found for 3 factors except for left-right sway, which was larger for preschool children and elderly than for young adults. The power spectrum of body sway in any age-stage was noted mainly in low frequency bands. A marked age-stage difference was found at 75% RAPF. Body-sway characteristics in each age-stage differ, and differences of postural-sway frequency are marked in the low frequency bands.
Comorbidity of Disruptive Behaviors from age 1 1⁄2 to 5 years Comorbid Development of Disruptive Behaviors from age 1 1⁄2 to 5 years in a Population Birth-Cohort and Association with School Adjustment in First Grade

Comorbidity is frequent among disruptive behaviors (DB) and leads to mental health problems during adolescence and adulthood. However, the early developmental origins of this comorbidity have so far received little attention. This study investigated the developmental comorbidity of three DB categories during early childhood: hyperactivity-impulsivity, non-compliance, and physical aggression. Joint developmental trajectories of DB were identified based on annual mother interviews from age 11⁄2 to 5 years, in a population-representative birth-cohort (N=2045). A significant proportion of children (13% to 21%, depending on the type of DB) consistently displayed high levels of hyperactivity-impulsivity, non-compliance, or physical aggression from age 11⁄2 to 5 years. Developmental comorbidity was frequent, especially for boys: 10% of boys and 3.7% of girls were on a stable trajectory with high levels of symptoms for the three categories of DB. Significant associations were observed between preschool joint-trajectories of DB and indicators of DB and school adjustment assessed by teachers in first grade. Preschoolers who maintained high levels of hyperactivity-impulsivity, non-compliance, and physical aggression, displayed the highest number of DB symptoms in first grade for all categories according to their teacher. They were also among the most disadvantaged of their class for school adjustment indicators. Thus, DB manifestations and developmental comorbidity of DB are highly prevalent in infancy. Early childhood appears to be a critical period to prevent persistent and comorbid DB that leads to impairment at the very beginning of school attendance and to longterm serious health and social adjustment problems.
Ebola Virus Disease : Updated Pathophysiology and Clinical Aspects

The aim of this article is to review and update the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical aspects of the Ebola virus disease including the novel therapeutic measures. Ebola virus, a RNA virus, was discovered in 1976 as “ Zaire ebolavirus “ and currently is responsible for outbreak in the west Africa. The mucin-liked region of the Ebola virus envelope play a significant role in viral infection in non-human primates and humans through attachment of the membrane anchored C-type lectins rather than specific receptors. Both humoral and cellular immunities are responsible for the survival. Several novel chemotherapeutics are developed and progressive, such as ZMapp, PMOs, BCX-4430, AVI-602, T-705, TMK-Ebola, CMX-001, etc.Health education and counseling of the communities should be implemented, particularly, distance education to reduce the burden of the Ebola-virus-disease stigmatization. Nevertheless, strategic prevention of this virus is the most significant control measures.
Thyroid hormones and depression: the Health in Men study.

CONTEXT Current practice guidelines suggest that thyroid function tests should be an integral part of the assessment of adults presenting with a depressive episode, although there is a paucity of data available to support such a recommendation. OBJECTIVE To determine if biochemical markers of thyroid dysfunction are associated with prevalent and incident clinically significant depressive symptoms. DESIGN Cross-sectional and cohort studies. PATIENTS Community-dwelling sample of 3,932 men age 69 to 87 free of overt thyroid disease. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We used the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale to ascertain the presence of prevalent clinically significant depressive symptoms, and the Western Australia Data Linkage System to establish the onset of a depressive episode according to the International Classification of Diseases. RESULTS The serum concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine (fT4) did not affect the odds of prevalent or the hazard of incident depression. The odds of prevalent depression were 0.8 (95% CI: = 0.5-1.3) for men with subclinical hypothyroidism and 1.4 (95% CI: = 0.3-5.8) for those with subclinical hyperthyroidism. The hazard ratio of incident depression associated with subclinical hypothyroidism was 0.7 (95% CI: = 0.3-1.9). No men with subclinical hyperthyroidism developed depression during the follow-up period of 5.5 ± 1.4 years. CONCLUSIONS Subclinical thyroid disease is not associated with prevalent or incident depression in older men. These findings do not support the routine screening of subclinical thyroid dysfunction among older adults with depression.
Additive intercropping of sunflower and soybean to improve yield and land use efficiency: Effect of thinning interval and nitrogen fertilization

An additive intercropping model was adopted to improve land use efficiency and productivity of two prominent oil crops grown in Egypt, that is, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) A 2-yr field trial was conducted in Northern Egypt during the summers of 2017 and 2018. The effects on yield, crop components, and land use efficiency of the system were tested with three N fertilizer rates (70, 105, and 140 kg N ha-1) and three thinning intervals of 15, 30, and 45 d after sowing (DAS) for sunflower and 30, 45, and 60 DAS for soybean. Late thinning increased plant height in both crops, but reduced sunflower stem and head diameters and seed weight per head. The maximum seed yield occurred in the pure stands and reached 4.00 and 1.61 t ha-1 for sunflower and soybean, respectively. Early thinning positively affected seed yield and fresh and dry biological yields, while the effect of N rates was limited. Seed oil content of both crops was slightly affected by the treatments and generally averaged approximately 50% and 20% in sunflower and soybean, respectively. While the land equivalent ratio (LER) indicated the advantage of intercropping sunflower and soybean (LER > 1), the DM equivalent ratio (DMER) provided a more realistic estimate as to the effect of intercropping compared with sole cropping in an additive model. Early and intermediate thinning intervals across all N fertilizer rates resulted in yield gain (DMER > 1), while late thinning reduced yield (DMER < 1). Intercropping sunflower and soybean crops is recommended for low input farming systems, particularly in developing countries.