Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An integrated cost model for metal cutting operations based on engagement time and a cost breakdown approach

In all manufacturing processes, it is important to determine the costs and their distribution between different sequential processing steps. A cost equation based directly on the losses during manufacturing, such as rejection rate, stops and waste of workpiece materials, also provides a valuable aid in giving priority to various development activities and investments. The present work concerns how a cost model presented earlier for calculating part costs can be developed to describe part costs as a function of the cutting data and tool life time T selected. This enables a tool life model to be a directly integrated into the cost model by use of tool engagement time. The model presented also takes into account the part costs for scrap incurred in connection with forced tool changes. Examples are also given of how the model developed can be used in the economic evaluation of various cutting tools and workpiece materials. [Received 20 April 2017; Accepted 22 April 2017]
Efficiency and fuel switching in Norway and New Zealand's residential electricity sector during droughts

Much demand side response work focuses either on long-term efficiency (in light of long-term energy price changes); or on short-term peak demand management, which has come to the forefront in recent years as generation and transmission over-capacity have diminished and markets have shown correspondingly high price signals for peak capacity (often in line with electricity market deregulation). New, cheaper ‘smart metering’ technologies offer new opportunities in the latter area for smaller users. Hydro-dominated electricity markets often share a common characteristic of low (historical) electricity prices (and therefore low historical attention to electricity efficiency) and less problems with meeting peak demand due to short-term flexibility of hydro generation capacity. However, they also share a recurrence of energy shortages due to droughts. Demand reduction in these periods can be very useful in reducing the chance of dry year shortages or reducing the need for dry year back-up capacity, but falls between the time-frames of long-term efficiency investments and short peak demand management and therefore often requires different technologies and management mechanisms. It seems that this ‘time-frame’ of demand side management is understudied.
Risk Factors for Decline in IQ in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Over the 12 Years From Diagnosis/Illness Onset

OBJECTIVE This study examined illness-related change in intelligence quotient (IQ) in a cohort of youth with type 1 diabetes studied prospectively from disease onset in childhood to follow-up 12 years later in late adolescence/early adulthood. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants included type 1 diabetes patients (n = 95; mean age at follow-up 21.3 years) and healthy control participants (HCs; n = 67; mean age at follow-up 21.0 years) from a cohort followed prospectively. Measures included Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, and Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence and prospective collection of data on metabolic control history. RESULTS Young people with type 1 diabetes showed greater decline in verbal IQ (VIQ) and full-scale IQ (FSIQ), but not performance IQ (PIQ), than HCs. Within the diabetes group, a younger age at diabetes onset was associated with a decline in PIQ and FSIQ (P ≤ 0.001). A history of hypoglycemic seizures was associated with a decline in VIQ (P = 0.002). Long-term metabolic control was not associated with changes in IQ. Interaction terms were not significant, suggesting no moderating effect of one diabetes-related variable over another. CONCLUSIONS The presence of diabetes may negatively influence some aspects of IQ over time. Specific illness risk factors, such as an earlier age of disease onset and a history of hypoglycemic seizures, appear to put the young person at greater risk. Academic progress of children identified as at risk should be monitored and educational supports provided if necessary.
Pragmatic Pathways -change is in the air " Preparing Youth for a new alternative economy in the GCC region"

Abstract “After bread, education. ” Well said by Danton, the French revolutionist. More than 200 years ago the significance of education was felt.Undoubtedly it is education that can upheave any nation’s state.Quality education is targeted in providing and developing fecund nations while formulating a strategy that encompasses in it, national goals for education and sustainability.The paper has elaborated the theory on education’s role on economical development of any nation by Schultz (1961); the same theory is being implied in GCC region and the trend shift for education has been studied in light of it. The economic indicators predict the correlation of the education with economic excellence.The economic goal is believed to be achieved by education (Maroun & Samman, 2008). GCC efforts for the same have exhibited improvement in both the quality and quantity of the education. The current business development scenario in the GCC region in the form of the advancement of the education system among tertiary education is an attempt to meet governmental provision of economic growth beyond the oil industry. As of today 90% of enrolled students are being served by public universities (Abouammoh, 2009).
Effect of Ischemic Stroke on the Dynamic Beat‐to‐Beat QT‐RR Relationship

ARAD, M. , et al.: Effect of Ischemic Stroke on the Dynamic Beat‐to‐Beat QT‐RR Relationship. The ECGs of 26 patients following ischemic stroke and 18 control patients with various orthopedic problems, all without primary heart disease, were examined to characterize the dynamic behavior of uncorrected QT interval in relation to changing RR interval during physiotherapy effort. ECG waveforms were analyzed to extract beat‐to‐beat QT and RR intervals. Based on performing multiple cross‐correlations, the relationship between the RR and QT intervals was calculated using the following general formula QTi = c RRbi‐1. Linear regression was performed on the logarithms of QT and RR measurements to estimate the constant (a = log c) and the slope (b) values, reflecting the dynamic change of QT during physiotherapy effort. Having these two values, the dynamic QT extrapolated to a heart period of 1 second (QTcd) was calculated. It was found that the mean slope (b) of the linear regression line in the ischemic stroke group was significantly lower than in the control group (0.26 ± 0.08 vs 0.33 ± 0.08, P < 0.02), and the constant (a) was significantly higher (1.83 ± 0.21 for the ischemic stroke vs 1.61 ± 0.23 for the controls, P < 0.002). No significant difference was found in QTcd values between the two groups (386 ± 27 ms for the ischemic stroke vs 392 ± 25 ms for the controls, P > 0.05). In conclusion, hemispheric brain infarction seems to result in alteration in the autonomic activity during exercise manifesting itself as distorted dynamic behavior of the QT interval.
Elevated levels of soluble CD 14 in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

A soluble form of CD14 (sCD14) was assessed with an ELISA assay in the serum of the following three clinical groups: 35 patients with an inactive phase of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). 17 patients with SLE relapses, and 65 normal healthy volunteers, Increased levels of sCD14 were observed in all patients suffering from SLE compared with normal controls. In addition, patients with active SLE revealed higher serum concentrations of sCD14 (median 6–9 mg/l) than patients under remission (4.1 mg/l; P< 0.0001). Serum values of sCD14 correlated neither with the number of peripheral blood monocytes bearing the CD 14 membrane antigen, nor with serum concentrations of IL‐1β. Serum sCD14 was compared with other clinical parameters used to monitor the clinical course of patients with SLE, among them complement C3. anti‐dsDNA antibodies and soluble IL‐2 receptor (sIL‐2R). A good correlation emerged between sCD14 and C3 as well as sIL‐2R concentrations. but sCD14 and anti‐dsDNA titres disclosed no significant correlation in both groups of patients with SLE. Serial studies in patients with severe SLE showed that serum sCD14 closely parallels the clinical course as defined by an activity score. Our data suggest that serum sCD14 represents a promising parameter lo monitor disease activity in patients with SLE.
Toward A Theory Of Financial Accounting - Welfare And Public Information

In this paper we employ the concepts of neoclassical welfare economics to consider the role of publicly available information in various market configurations modeling pure exchange economies. The need for such a study arises for several reasons. First, while the existing process of producing and disseminating accounting information may, with some oversimplification, be described as generating publicly available information, there has been no systematic study of the effects of such a process on either the allocational efficiency of a market or on the broader welfare implications of such information for the participants transacting in such a market. ' Second, the existing literature fails, at least to some extent, to capture the flavor or "spirit" of the role of public information in a market setting. At first glance it might appear that information would have "no social benefit" in a pure exchange economy since it does not increase the aggregate supply of consumptive goods across states and dates. As will be demonstrated, this impression is not justified as a general conclusion. The important dimension of information is that it affects perceived risks
Recalled side effects and self-care actions of patients receiving inpatient chemotherapy.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To increase knowledge of the incidence and severity of chemotherapy side effects, identify self-care actions and their effectiveness, and determine patients' acceptance of and ability to complete Nail's Self-Care Diary (SCD) (Nail, Jones, Greene, Schipper, & Jensen, 1991). DESIGN Descriptive, retrospective. SETTING Single medical oncology unit in an urban, tertiary care, private institution. SAMPLE 59 adult patients with cancer who had received at least one prior cycle of chemotherapy as inpatients were asked to complete the study forms and agreed to participate. METHODS Eligible and consenting patients completed the SCD, recalling side effects and self-care since their last hospitalization for chemotherapy, as well as patient demographic forms and evaluations of the SCD. Descriptive statistics were used in analysis. FINDINGS More than 50% of the patients reported having alopecia, fatigue, nausea, taste changes, appetite loss, sleeping difficulties, and constipation during the posthospitalization period. Self-care actions were employed with variable effect. Taking medication was among the most effective self-care actions. The majority of patients found the SCD easy to complete. CONCLUSIONS Side effects noted by patients in this study were similar to those of other populations. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE This study adds to the literature evaluating specific self-care actions practiced by patients. Nail's SCD was found to be useful in collecting data retrospectively and may serve as a basis for proactive patient teaching regarding side-effect management.
Role of Chemotherapy With Gemcitabine Plus 5-fluorouracil and Chemoimmunotherapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer (mRCC)

Several phase II trials have shown that gemcitabine and fluoropyrimidines have marginal but definite activity in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC). We retrospectively analyzed the 193 mRCC patients consecutively seen in our institutions during the last 11 years, of whom 39 were treated with chemotherapy (CT): 16 were treated with CT alone (gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil) and 23 with the same regimen plus low dose of interleukin-2 and interferon-α. The main end point of the analysis was to estimate response rate and time to progression (TTP); the secondary end point was to evaluate overall survival (OS) and toxicity. Overall TTP was 3.2 months (95% confidence interval: 2.22-4.18). Three patients (7.7%) achieved a partial response and 10 (25.6%) stable disease. Median OS was 9.23 months (95% confidence interval: 7.16-11.31) and the 1-year survival rate was 40.6%. Although not statistically significant, the response and disease control rates were better in the pretreated patients (8% vs. 7% and 44% vs. 14%), with a favorable trend for TTP and OS (4.9 vs. 3.2 mo and 12.9 vs. 4.2 mo). Grade 3 to 4 toxicities included hematologic toxicity and depressed mood. OS was strongly influenced by performance status, the presence of brain metastasis, and response after 3 cycles of therapy. In these mRCC patients, both CT and chemoimmunotherapy showed modest but definite activity and a regimen CT-based should be offered to patients with progressive mRCC. The association of these treatments with antiangiogenetic agents should be tested in future trials.
Quantitative Proteomics of Human Fibroblasts with I1061T Mutation in Niemann–Pick C1 (NPC1) Protein Provides Insights into the Disease Pathogenesis*

Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of unesterified cholesterol in the late endosomal/lysosomal compartments. Mutations in the NPC1 protein are implicated in 95% of patients with NPC disease. The most prevalent mutation is the missense mutation I1061T that occurs in ∼15–20% of the disease alleles. In our study, an isobaric labeling-based quantitative analysis of proteome of NPC1I1061T primary fibroblasts when compared with wild-type cells identified 281 differentially expressed proteins based on stringent data analysis criteria. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that these proteins play important roles in diverse cellular processes such as protein maturation, energy metabolism, metabolism of reactive oxygen species, antioxidant activity, steroid metabolism, lipid localization, and apoptosis. The relative expression level of a subset of differentially expressed proteins (TOR4A, DHCR24, CLGN, SOD2, CHORDC1, HSPB7, and GAA) was independently and successfully substantiated by Western blotting. We observed that treating NPC1I1061T cells with four classes of seven different compounds that are potential NPC drugs increased the expression level of SOD2 and DHCR24. We have also shown an abnormal accumulation of glycogen in NPC1I1061T fibroblasts possibly triggered by defective processing of lysosomal alpha-glucosidase. Our study provides a starting point for future more focused investigations to better understand the mechanisms by which the reported dysregulated proteins triggers the pathological cascade in NPC, and furthermore, their effect upon therapeutic interventions.
The Evolution of Inflation Expectations in Canada and the US

We model inflation forecasts as monotonically diverging from an estimated long-run anchor point towards actual inflation as the forecast horizon shortens. Fitting the model with forecaster-level data for Canada and the US, we identify three key differences between the two countries. First, the average estimated anchor of US inflation forecasts has tended to decline gradually over time in rolling samples, from 3.4% for 1989-1998 to 2.2% for 2004-2013. By contrast, it has remained close to 2% since the mid-1990 for Canadian forecasts. Second, the variance of estimates of the long-run anchor is considerably lower for the panel of Canadian forecasters than US ones following Canada's adoption of inflation targets. And third, forecasters in Canada look much more alike than those in the US in terms of the weight that they place on the anchor. One explanation for these results is that an explicit inflation targeting regime (Canada) provides for less uncertainty about future monetary policy actions than a monetary policy regime where there was no explicit numerical inflation target (the US before 2012) to anchor expectations.
Association between choroidal thickness and ocular perfusion pressure in young, healthy subjects: enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography study.

PURPOSE To investigate the correlation of choroidal thickness (CT) with ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) in young, healthy subjects using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). METHODS A single horizontal section and a single vertical section of EDI-OCT scans in each eye of 69 young, healthy subjects were obtained at the macula. CT was measured at the fovea, and up to 3 mm, at intervals of 0.5 mm, away from the fovea in the superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal choroid. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to assess the association of CT with OPP while axial length (AL), refractive error (RE), sex, and/or body mass index (BMI), were taken into consideration. RESULTS Mean subfoveal CT was 307.03 ± 91.27 μm (mean age, 22.3 ± 3 years; mean axial length, 25.35 ± 1.14 mm; mean refractive error, -3.89 ± 2.02 diopters; mean OPP, 44.18 ± 5.49 mm Hg). Multivariable regression analysis showed that in eyes with <6 diopters of myopia, subfoveal CT (325.92 ± 88.46 μm) changed most significantly in association with RE and mean OPP (β = 25.941, P < 0.001; β = -3.551, P = 0.042, respectively; adjusted R(2) = 0.249). In subjects with myopia of >6 diopters, subfoveal CT (225.17 ± 49.37 μm) was significantly thinner (P < 0.0001), and a significant correlation with OPP was not observed (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In vivo subfoveal CT as measured by EDI-OCT was significantly associated with OPP in young, healthy subjects when adjusted for RE, suggesting that subfoveal CT may be indirectly indicative of subfoveal ocular perfusion status. This association was not observed in subjects with high myopia.
Development of pH-sensitive Dextran Derivatives with Strong Adjuvant Function and Their Application to Antigen Delivery

To achieve efficient cancer immunotherapy, the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-based cellular immunity is necessary. In order to induce cellular immunity, antigen carriers that can deliver antigen into cytosol of antigen presenting cells and can activate these cells are required. We previously developed 3-methyl glutarylated dextran (MGlu-Dex) for cytoplasmic delivery of antigen via membrane disruption ability at weakly acidic pH in endosome/lysosomes. MGlu-Dex-modified liposomes delivered model antigens into cytosol of dendritic cells and induced antigen-specific cellular immunity. However, their antitumor effects were not enough to complete the regression of the tumor. In this study, antigen delivery performance of dextran derivatives was improved by the introduction of more hydrophobic spacer groups next to carboxyl groups. 2-Carboxycyclohexane-1-carboxylated dextran (CHex-Dex) was newly synthesized as pH-responsive dextran derivative. CHex-Dex formed stronger hydrophobic domains at extremely weak acidic pH and destabilized lipid membrane more efficiently than MGlu-Dex. CHex-Dex-modified liposomes were taken up by dendritic cells 10 times higher than MGlu-Dex-modified liposomes and delivered model antigen into cytosol. Furthermore, CHex-Dex achieved 600 times higher IL-12 production from dendritic cells than MGlu-Dex. Therefore, CHex-Dex is promising as multifunctional polysaccharide having both cytoplasmic antigen delivery function and strong activation property of dendritic cells for induction of cellular immunity.
THE EFFECT OF OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE ON CAPITAL STRUCTURE: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA BANKS

Bank institutions in Indonesia have three form of ownership structure. There are private, government and regional development banks. One of the unique banking in Indonesia is that there are regional development banks (RDB), which is a government-owned bank districts. This research investigates the effect ownership structure on the leverage decision of Indonesia banks. The sample of this study consists of 15 regional development banks, 56 private banks, and 3 central government banks from 1995 to 2006. Using panel data methodologies, we find that the central government bank negative effect on leverage, while regional development banks positive effect on leverage. This shows the role of central government banks use equity to maintain bankrupt because the bank did not give a great effect on public confidence in the banking system in Indonesia. While the regional development banks to get funding from local government through cash savings in the form of demand deposits. The crisis dummy expected a negative, is not statistically significant. In addition our result showed that ROE, assets tangible and total assets positive effect on leverage and ROA has a negative effect on leverage.
Female sexual outcomes in primiparous women after vaginal delivery and cesarean section

Background Sexual function is an essential component of life and yet very little is known about the relationships between the female sexuality and the mode of delivery. Objective To compare sexual outcomes after vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on women in two stages; early pregnancy and 3 to 6 months after delivery in health centers. Female sexual outcomes evaluated were female Sexual Function Index scores and the time required to resume sexual activities after delivery. Results Sexual function did not differ significantly among two groups vaginal delivery n=90 and cesarean section n = 113 with regard to duration of marriage, educational level, contraception methods, and occupational status p = 0.8. The mean timing of the resumption of sexual activity was 8.9 ± 1.3, and there was no substantial conflict between the two groups. Mean frequency of intercourse in the post-partum period was 1.8±1.2 times per week with significant difference compared to pre pregnancy P<0.05. The individual domain scores after the delivery was significantly lower in comparison with pre-pregnancy p<0.004. Conclusion No differences in sexual outcomes between vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Consequently cesarean section cannot be recommended in the view of maintenance of normal sexuality after child birth.
Quantum optimal control of nonlinear dynamics systems described by Klein-Gordon-Schrodinger equations

This paper is to develop a theoretical and computational framework for the analysis of quantum optimal control systems given by Klein-Gordon-Schrodinger (K-G-S) equations. In the case of one dimensional spatial and continuous time, a semi-discrete numerical algorithm is constructed to find optimal control of the nonlinear dynamics system. Furthermore, numerical experiments are implemented to show the effectiveness and convergency of proposed scheme for different parameters