Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NEUTRON ACTIVATION PATTERNING OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIALS AT THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ‘DEMOKRITOS’: THE CASE OF BLACK‐ON‐RED NEOLITHIC POTTERY FROM MACEDONIA, GREECE

A short history of the application of NAA in the characterization of archaeological materials at the National Center for Scientific Research ‘Demokritos’, Athens, is presented. NAA was first applied in archaeology in 1974 at the Radioanalytical Laboratory, and since 1989 has been one of the primary analytical techniques of the ‘Demokritos’ archaeometry programme. A case study is also presented, concerning chemical patterning of the black-on-red Neolithic pottery class from Macedonia. Four chemical groups were identified, each corresponding to a different area of production. It is shown that this standardized concept of pottery technology and style was spread out within at least eastern Macedonia.
The Vertical City: The Price of Land and the Height of Buildings in Chicago 1870-2010

We analyze the determinants of building heights in Chicago by combining a micro-geographic data set on tall buildings with a unique panel of land prices covering 140 years. Consistent with the predictions of classic urban economics models, we find that developers respond to increasing land prices by increasing density, i.e. building taller. In 2000, the elasticity of height with respect of land price was about 45% for tall commercial buildings and 30% for tall residential buildings. As expected given significant improvement in construction technology over time, we find that the height elasticity approximately doubled over the last 100 years. We find evidence for dissipative height competition within cities, as excessively tall buildings are significantly less likely to be constructed near to each other than other buildings. Proximity to scenic amenities creates an extra incentive to outrival competitors, particularly in the residential market.
On Buckling of Cylindrical Shells Under Combined Loading

This paper presented an analytical investigation of the buckling behavior of cylindrical shells under a combined action of thermal and mechanical loadings based on the general form of Green’s strain tensor in curvilinear coordinates. While the shell was subjected to lateral pressure, it was assumed to be under either a uniform temperature increase or a uniform temperature gradient. A dimensionless load interaction parameter was considered to express the ratio of thermal and mechanical loads. The system of governing equations was derived using the harmonic series and was optimized with respect to harmonic numbers to find the critical buckling loads of the cylindrical shells. Results were calculated for both the Donnell and Green-types of kinematic nonlinearity. Comparison studies showed that both types of kinematic nonlinearity predicted the same critical buckling loads for thin cylindrical shells whereas for moderately thick cylindrical shells, the latter type of kinematic nonlinearity predicted higher critical buckling loads than the former type of kinematic nonlinearity.
Management of Root-Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Greenhouse Cucumbers Using Microbial Products

The environmental pollution is one of the major problems in the world. The decrease of agrochemicals like chemical pesticides and fertilizers is important to protect human health and the environment. The use of biocontrol agents against some root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. is an alternative option to reduce environmental pollution. Paecilomyces lilacinus and Trichoderma viride are biocontrol fungi with a potential range of activity to control plant parasitic nematodes. Greenhouse experiments were conducted in 2013-2014 at the Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv to establish the biological activity of BioAct WG (Paecilomyces lilacinus strain 251) and Trichoderma viride strain T6 applied alone and in combination against root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in cucumber variety Defense F1. Two treatments with bioagents were carried out in a natural nematode population density: the first is at transplanting and the second - six weeks after it. All tested variants suppressed nematode reproduction and root galling and result in plant growth improvement compared to the control. The lowest rate of infestation and the highest total yield were established in the combination BioAct WG and Trichoderma viride strain T6. The micro-bioagents could be an effective mean to control root-knot nematodes, which results in vegetable production free of pesticides
A mid-IR comparative analysis of the Seyfert galaxies NGC 7213 and NGC 1386

New Gemini mid-infrared spectroscopic observations together with Spitzer Space telescope archival data, are used to study the properties of the dusty torus and circumnuclear star formation in the active galaxies NGC 7213 and NGC 1386. Our main conclusions can be summarised as follows. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission is absent in the T-ReCS nuclear spectra but is ubiquitous in the data from Spitzer at distances above 100 pc. Star formation rates surface densities are estimated from the 12. 8µm [Neii] line strengths leading to values close to 0.1M⊙ yr −1 kpc −2 . Analogous estimates based on photometric fluxes of IRAC’s 8µm images are higher by a factor of almost 15, which could be linked to excitation of PAH molecules by older stellar populations. T-ReCS high spatial resolution data reveal silicate absorption at λ 9. 7µm in the central tens of parsecs of the Seyfert 2 NGC 1386, and silicate emission in the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 7213. In the case of NGC 1386 this feature is confined to the inner 20 pc, implying that the silicate might be linked to the putative dusty torus. Finally, by fitting CLUMPY models to the T-ReCS nuclear spectra we estimate the torus physical properties for both galaxies, finding line of sight inclinations consistent with the AGN unified model.
QUANTIFYING THE VARIABILITY OF SOLAR PV PRODUCTION FORECASTS

The actual power produced by a solar photovoltaic power system varies according to the refraction, reflection, and absorption of radiation by the atmosphere. Standard production forecasts, however, do not address production uncertainty probabilistically. Using thirty years of historical data from the National Solar Radiation Database (“NSRDB”), we use stochastic simulation to evaluate the production uncertainty that is otherwise ignored by traditional production forecas ts. In the case documented herein, we find significant diff erences between the forecasts made by conventional production forecasting models and those designed explicitly to reflect the uncertainty found in actual historical experience. Having more accurate information about production uncertainty should facilitate more project-appropriate financial structures, reducing risk and increasing investor returns.
Impact of various treatments against brinjal shoot and fruit borer

Brinjal (Solanum melongena) is one of the main vegetable of Pakistan. It is also known as an aubergine belongs to Solanaceae family. The present study was conducted at Medicinal Garden, newly Developed Malakandir Farm, University of Agriculture Peshawar-Pakistan during summer, 2015. Main plot was divided into 24 sub-plots in which 15 plants of Brinjal variety Neelam were transplanted with 0.44m & 0.55m distance kept in plant to plant & row to row, respectively. The results showed that estimated high yield (1641.41 kg ha-1) and less mean no. of infested shoots (4.43) and fruits (0.76) were recorded in Cypermethrin + Neem oil + Physical control, followed by Cypermethrin + Neem oil (6.15, 1.13) and Cypermethrin (7.28, 1.42). Similarly less yield (275.48 kg ha-1) and high mean no. of shoots and fruits infestation, 12.2 & 2.94, respectively were recorded in Control, followed by Physical control measure viz., 10.48 & 2.48 and in Neem oil recorded 9.44 & 2.19, respectively. Thus, the results revealed that T7 showed highly significant differences in management of L. orbonalis among all treatments by registering high yield and less no. of infested shoots & fruits of brinjal.
Keck and European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope View of the Symmetry of the Ejecta of the XRF/SN 2006aj

Nebular-phase spectra of SN 2006aj, discovered in coincidence with XRF 060218, were obtained with Keck in 2006 July and VLT in 2006 September. At the latter epoch spectropolarimetry was also attempted, yielding a polarization upper limit of ~2%. The spectra show strong [O I] and Mg I] emission lines, as expected in Type Ic supernovae, but weak Ca II lines. The [Fe II] lines that were strong in SN 1998bw are much weaker in SN 2006aj, consistent with its lower luminosity. The outer velocity of the line-emitting region is ~8000 km s-1 in July and ~7400 km s-1 in September, consistent with the relatively low expansion kinetic energy of SN 2006aj. All lines have similar width, and their profiles indicate that no major asymmetries are present in the ejecta at velocities below v < 8000 km s-1, except perhaps in the innermost part. The spectra were modeled with a non-LTE code. The mass of 56Ni required to power the emission is ~0.20 M☉, confirming earlier results based on the light curve. The oxygen mass is ~1.5 M☉, again much less than in SN 1998bw, but ~0.7 M☉ larger than the value derived from the early-time modeling. The ejected mass below 8000 km s-1 is ~2 M☉, confirming that SN 2006aj was only about twice as massive and energetic as the normal Type Ic SN 1994I. The presence of a dense inner core, containing ~1 M☉ of mostly oxygen and carbon, is inferred, as in all broad-lined SNe Ic. This core, which may be disklike, is too deep to influence the early light curve and too small to affect the late polarization spectrum.
ENGINEERING STUDENTS’ SELF-EFFICACY RELATED TO PHYSICS LEARNING

Various studies have demonstrated that students who have high levels of academic high levels of academic self-efficacy are better at overcoming obstacles, have higher targets and are more confident. So, the aim of this research was to determine the self-efficacy levels of engineering students regarding physics, and to analyse the effect of their alma mater, class levels, the type of engineering programme in which they are being educated and academic success variables on their self-efficacy regarding physics. In the present research “Physics self-efficacy scale” including two factors which were developed by the authors was used to collect the data. Considering one of the independent variables, such as their alma mater, it can be seen that students who graduated from private high schools had a higher level of self-efficacy. In addition, compared to other students, those in their first year had a higher level of self-efficacy, which led to greater academic success. Key words: engineering students, learning, self-efficacy, physics education, physics learning.
Offspring of Older Males are Superior in Drosophila bipectinata

Mysore S. Krishna, Hassan T. Santhosh, and Shridhar N. Hegde (2012) Offspring of older males are superior in Drosophila bipectinata. Zoological Studies 51(1): 72-84. Drosophila bipectinata offspring of old- and young-aged males reared in low (LLD) and high larval densities (HLD) were employed to test a good gene model of female preference for male age classes. It was noted that with both LLD and HLD, offspring of old-aged male had significantly greater pre-adult fitness (egg-larval hatchability and larval-adult viability) and adult fitness (son's mating success, mating latency, mating ability, progeny production, and longevity, and daughter's mating success, fecundity, and longevity) over sons of young-aged males, which suggested that larval density did not have an effect on the inheritance of characters from parent to offspring. Among larval densities, LLD offspring performed significantly better in all traits studied than did HLD offspring. Thus, D. bipectinata females prefer oldaged males to obtain greater fitness benefits for their offspring, thereby confirming the good-gene model.
The Impacts of the Influx of New Foreign Undergraduate Students on U.S Higher Education

Using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), this paper examines the impacts of the dramatic increase in new foreign undergraduate students over the past decade on the U.S. higher education sector. Since which a school’s foreign attend is a choice variable, I use exogenous factors driving the large inflow of Chinese students since 2006, in combination with variation in historical levels of foreign students as the instrument to predict enrollment patterns. Using a two-stage least square model that is identified with a difference-in-differences specification, I find a significant crowd-out effect of the enrollment of foreign undergraduate students on the enrollment of domestic undergraduate students at American higher-ranked research universities, approximately one-for-one. Constraints in the demand for students in large selective universities appear to explain the crowd-out effect. I also find that while admitting more undergraduate foreign students increases non-discounted tuition, the economic gains of enrolling foreign undergraduate students allow American universities to increase institutional grant aid. JEL Classification Codes: A22, F22, I23, J15, K37 ∗Contact: 434 Flanner Hall, University of Notre Dame, yshen4@nd.edu. I am grateful to Kirk Doran, Abigail Wozniak, Joseph Kaboski, William Evans, Daniel Hungerman, Ethan Lieber, Terence Johnson and seminar participants at Notre Dame, the Midwest Economics Association Conference and the SOLE Conference for their valuable conversations and comments. This research was supported by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Pre-doctoral Fellowship on Economics of High-Skill Immigration. Any errors are my own responsibility.
Selective induction of expression of a ligand for the NKG2D receptor by proteasome inhibitors.

The interaction of the activating receptor NKG2D with its ligands plays an important role in immunosurveillance of tumors and infectious pathogens, but dysregulation of this system may lead to autoimmunity. The expression of NKG2D ligands is induced by cellular "stress. " However, the regulation of expression of these molecules is not well understood. Here, we show that cells treated with proteasome inhibitors can become more susceptible to cytotoxicity mediated by natural killer cells because of the induction of expression of ligands for NKG2D, specifically ULBP2, but not down-regulation of MHC class I. Treatment with proteasome inhibitors led to up-regulation of ULBP2 expression in multiple, but not all, cell lines tested. This increase in expression of ULBP2 at the cell surface correlated with induction of transcription of the ULBP2 gene and synthesis of ULBP2 protein. In contrast, treatment with inhibitors of histone deacetylases led to increased levels of mRNA and protein, for both ULBP2 and MHC class I-related chain A/B molecules. Thus, different types of stress can trigger up-regulated expression of different sets of NKG2D ligands. Proteasome inhibitors are proving to be of significant value in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and these observations may help to better understand the biology of therapy with these compounds.
Decadal-scale seabird assemblages in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica

A total of 26 species/taxa make up the seabird community of Prydz Bay, East Antarctica, of which 9 are resident breeding species. Analyses of almost 32 000 at-sea observations over 20 yr (1980/81 to 2001/02) identified 3 assemblages. Observations of Assemblage 1, which included the 9 resident species, were consistent with the influx, presence and departure of breeding birds to their colonies around Prydz Bay. Assemblage 2 was comprised of all seabird species/taxa reported from Prydz Bay and represented an overlap (in time and space) assemblage, being observed in late summer in central Prydz Bay. Assemblage 3 consisted principally of the non-resident species/taxa that visit Prydz Bay every summer from sub-Antarctic and temperate breeding localities. This assemblage was observed most frequently in mid to late summer and well offshore. Two species were found to be indicator species of all 3 assemblages; this is proposed to be a result of their Antarctic and sub-Antarctic breeding distributions that in turn produce broad ranges in their at-sea distributions in the Southern Ocean. Assemblage 1 is similar to the pack-ice associated seabird assemblage identified elsewhere around the Antarctic, differing only in species composition due to species' breeding distributions at regional scales. Analyses at finer temporal scales (decadal and semi-decadal) identified the same assemblages, indicating the stability of seabird assemblages over the 1980/81 to 2001/02 period within Prydz Bay.
Insights on Development from the Economics of Happiness

The literature on the economics of happiness in developed economies finds discrepancies between reported measures of well-being and income measures. One is the so-called Easterlin paradox: that average happiness levels do not increase as countries grow wealthier. This article explores how that paradox and survey research on reported wellbeing in general can provide insights into the gaps between standard measures of economic development and individual assessments of welfare. Analysis of research on reported wellbeing in Latin America and Russia finds notable discrepancies between respondent assessments of their own wellbeing and income or expenditure based measures. Accepting a wide margin for error in both types of measures, the article posits that taking such discrepancies into account may improve the understanding of development outcomes by providing a broader view on wellbeing than do income or expenditure based measures alone. It suggests particular areas where research on reported well-being has the most potential to contribute. Yet the article also notes that some interpretations of happiness research psychologist set point theory, in particular may be quite limited in their application to development questions and cautions against the direct translation of results of happiness surveys into policy recommendations.
Tolerance limit of winter wheat to cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera filipjevi, in pot trials in Iran

The cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera filipjevi, is recognised as one of the most important soil-borne pathogens limiting yield in many rain-fed wheat growing areas throughout the world. It also occurs in many cereal growing regions of Iran. Two pot experiments were conducted under field conditions to evaluate the response and tolerance limit of winter wheat cv. Sardari to infestation with different population densities of H. filipjevi. Pots were artificially infested with initial population densities (Pi) of 0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2s)/g soil. Each treatment was replicated seven times during two successive growing seasons. Tolerance limits (T) of 0.8 and 0.6 eggs and J2/g soil for the grain yield were estimated in the first and second years respectively, with an average of 0.7 egg and J2/g soil for both years. Minimum relative yields were 0.4 at the Pi of 40 in the first year and 0.45 at the Pi of 64 in the second year for the grain yield. The final population of H. filipjevi increased with increasing the Pi levels. The maximum reproduction rates of the nematode were 4.6 and 3.9 at the lowest Pi of 2.5 eggs and J2s/g soil in the first and second years respectively.
Profitability of fertilizer use in SSA: evidence from rural Malawi

This study assessed the profitability of fertilizer use by farmers in rural Malawi using a two-wave nationally representative panel data. We find that fertilizer use is generally unprofitable at prevailing market conditions when farmers are assumed to be risk averse. In order for fertilizer use to be profitable on average, the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) – the kilograms of maize obtained from a kilogram of nitrogen – would have to increase by 136%, 141% and by 50% if maize output is valued at farm gate price, harvest season market price and lean season market price respectively; or fertilizer ought to be subsidized at a rate of at least 72.43%, 71.67% and 41.34% respectively. Although fertilizer subsidy improves the profitability of fertilizer by increasing the maize-nitrogen price ratio, we find that at all rates of subsidy, unless farmers can store their produce and sell during the lean season where output price is relatively higher, they would be at least MK 66.16 and MK 61.81 per kg of subsidized nitrogen better off with the cash equivalent of the subsidy than with subsidized fertilizer when maize is values at farm gate price and harvest season market price respectively. We also find that the government recommended rates of fertilizer application is too high to be profitable at prevailing market conditions, but profitability at this rate of fertilizer application is over 100% higher than profitability at actual rate of application.
The evolution of the equivalent width of the Hα emission line and specific star formation rate in star-forming galaxies at 1 < z < 5

We present the results of a study which uses spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting to investigate the evolution of the equivalent width (EW) of the Halpha emission line in star-forming galaxies over the redshift interval 1 =1 in the CANDELS UDS and GOODS-S fields. Confining our analysis to a constant stellar mass range (9.5<log(M/Msun)<10.5), we find that the median EW(Ha) evolves only modestly with redshift, reaching a rest-frame value of EW(Ha)=301+/-30 Angs by redshift z~4.5. Furthermore, using estimates of star-formation rate (SFR) based on both UV luminosity and Ha line flux, we use our galaxy samples to compare the evolution of EW(Ha) and specific star-formation rate (sSFR). Our results indicate that over the redshift range 1<z<5, the evolution displayed by EW(Ha) and sSFR is consistent, and can be adequately parameterized as: propto (1+z)^(1.0+/-0.2). As a consequence, over this redshift range we find that the sSFR and rest-frame EW(Ha) of star-forming galaxies with stellar masses M~10^(10) Msun are related by: EW(Ha)/Ang=(63+/-7)sSFR/Gyr^(-1). Given the current uncertainties in measuring the SFRs of high-redshift galaxies, we conclude that EW(Ha) provides a useful independent tracer of sSFR for star-forming galaxies out to redshifts of z=5.
The impact of merger on working capital management efficiency of American production firms

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of merger on the efficiency of working capital management of American production firms. This study applied a co-relational research design. A sample of 497 listed American production firms for a period of 4 years (from 20102014) was analyzed. The findings of this study indicate that mergers may contribute to an improvement of the efficiency of working capital management. This is a co-relational study that investigated the association between merger and working capital management efficiency. There is not necessarily a causal relationship between the two, although the paper provides some conjectures to such relationship. The findings of this study may only be generalized to firms similar to those that were included in this research. This study contributes to the literature on the factors that improve the efficiency of working capital management, and in particular on the association between merger and the efficiency of working capital management. The findings may be useful for financial managers, investors, financial management consultants, and other stakeholders.