Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Productive and reproductive performance of Friesian cows at Kitulo livestock multiplication unit, Tanzania

Retrospective data were collected to assess reproductive and productive performance of Friesian dairy cows reared at Kitulo Livestock Multiplication Unit, Tanzania. Records of 314 cows within consecutive five productive periods; 2009 - 2014 were analyzed using Statistical Package for SocialScience (SPSS). The overall mean age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), days open (DO), number of services per conception (NSPC), lactation length (LL) and total lactation milk yield (TLMY) were 1151.72±9.63 days, 404.57±1.54 days, 121.82±1.24 days,1.83±0.24, 306.54±5.53 days and 5,042.12±23.73 kg, respectively. CI differed significantly (P 0.05) effect on the average number of services per conception. It is concluded that reproductive and productive performance of Friesian dairy cows in the present study were low to moderate so it is required to improve management practices at the farm for better reproductive and productive performance. Key words : calving interval, number of services per conception, lactation length, Friesian
Virulence gene profiles in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cows with subclinical mastitis in eastern Poland

Staphylococcus aureus is arguably the most important pathogen involved in bovine mastitis. The aim of this study was to determine the virulence gene profiles of 124 Staph. aureus isolates from subclinical mastitis in cows in eastern Poland. The presence of 30 virulence genes encoding adhesins, proteases and superantigenic toxins was investigated by PCR. The 17 different combinations of adhesin genes were identified. Occurrence of eno (91·1%) and fib (82·3%) genes was found to be common. The frequency of other adhesion genes fnbA, fnbB, ebps were 14·5, 50, 25%, respectively, and for cna and bbp were 1·6%. The etA and etD genes, encoding exfoliative toxins, were present in genomes of 5·6 and 8·9% isolates, respectively. The splA and sspA, encoding serine protease, were detected in above 90% isolates. The most frequent enterotoxin genes were sei (21%), sem (19·4%), sen (19·4%), seg (18·5%) and seo (13·7%). The tst gene was harboured by 2·4% isolates. The 19 combinations of the superantigenic toxin genes were obtained and found in 35·5% of isolates. Three of them (seg, sei, sem, sen, seo; sec, seg, sei, sem, sen, seo and seg, sei, sem, sen) were the most frequent and found in 16·1% of the isolates. The most common virulotype, present in 17·7% of the isolates, was fib, eno, fnbB, splA, splE, sspA. The results indicate the variation in the presence of virulence genes in Staph. aureus isolates and considerable diversity of isolates that are able to cause mastitis in cows.
HUTANG JANGKA PANJANG DAN PROFITABILITAS DI BANK SYARIAH: STUDI PADA PT BANK MUAMALAT INDONESIA

Profitability is the company’s ability to generate profits by utilizing all available resources. The size of the profits for company affected by the increase of debt or bond. This study aim is to analyze the effect of longterm debt on profitability in PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia in the periode of 1999-2013. This study was analyzed using multiple linear regression model. Proxies used in the profitability ratio is return on equity (ROE) and disclosure of long-term debt is based on long-term debt to equity ratio (LDER) and long-term debt to asset ratio (LDAR). The results show that LDER has significant effect on profitability, when LDER increases the profitability of Bank Muamalat Indonesia is also rise, whereas LDAR has no significant effect on profitability of PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia.
A quasilinear operator retaining magnetic drift effects in tokamak geometry

The interaction of radio frequency waves with charged particles in a magnetized plasma is usually described by the quasilinear operator that was originally formulated by Kennel & Engelmann (Phys. Fluids, vol. 9, 1966, pp. 2377–2388). In their formulation the plasma is assumed to be homogenous and embedded in a uniform magnetic field. In tokamak plasmas the Kennel–Engelmann operator does not capture the magnetic drifts of the particles that are inherent to the non-uniform magnetic field. To overcome this deficiency a combined drift and gyrokinetic derivation is employed to derive the quasilinear operator for radio frequency heating and current drive in a tokamak with magnetic drifts retained. The derivation requires retaining the magnetic moment to higher order in both the unperturbed and perturbed kinetic equations. The formal prescription for determining the perturbed distribution function then follows a novel procedure in which two non-resonant terms must be evaluated explicitly. The systematic analysis leads to a diffusion equation that is compact and completely expressed in terms of the drift kinetic variables. The equation is not transit averaged, and satisfies the entropy principle, while retaining the full poloidal angle variation without resorting to Fourier decomposition. As the diffusion equation is in physical variables, it can be implemented in any computational code. In the Kennel–Engelmann formalism, the wave–particle resonant delta function is either for the Landau resonance or the Doppler shifted cyclotron resonance. In the combined gyro and drift kinetic approach, a term related to the magnetic drift modifies the resonance condition.
Internet Banking and Quality of Service Perspectives from a Developing Nation in the Middle East

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to measure the quality of service from customers’ perspective. With an enormous growth in internet banking, this paper discusses how banks can be competitive by providing quality services.Design/Methodology/Approach – This study is based on a questionnaire survey conducted in Saudi Arabia. Based on an extensive review of literature, the paper uses empirical research to analyse service quality of internet banking services provided by banks in Saudi Arabia. Findings – Results based on a factor analysis identify three factors that influence users’ evaluation of service quality of internet banking services. These factors are labelled as “efficiency and security”, “fulfillment” and “responsiveness”. Research Limitations/Implications – This research is useful for banks in order to improve service quality and retain/gain a share of the market in a highly competitive industry. Practical Implications – The findings are important to enable bank managers to have a better understanding of customers’ perception of service quality of internet banking and consequently of how to improve their satisfaction with respect to the online aspects of service quality.Originality/Value – This paper makes a valuable contribution given the fact that there are only a limited number of comprehensive studies dealing with the assessment of electronic service quality in banking environment.
Structure of Hepatitis C Virus Envelope Glycoprotein E2 Antigenic Site 412 to 423 in Complex with Antibody AP33

ABSTRACT We have determined the crystal structure of the broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) AP33, bound to a peptide corresponding to hepatitis C virus (HCV) E2 envelope glycoprotein antigenic site 412 to 423. Comparison with bnAb HCV1 bound to the same epitope reveals a different angle of approach to the antigen by bnAb AP33 and slight variation in its β-hairpin conformation of the epitope. These structures establish two different modes of binding to E2 that antibodies adopt to neutralize diverse HCV.
Continuous radio-frequency heating of a model viscous solution: Influence of active current, flow rate, and salt content on temperature rise

Piyasena, P. and Dussault, C. 2003. Continuous radio-frequency heating of a model viscous solution: Influence of active current, flow rate, and salt content on temperature rise. Canadian Biosystems Engineering/Le génie des biosystèmes au Canada 45: 3.273. 34. Radio frequency can induce molecular friction in food products resulting in an internal heating effect; therefore, better heating of sensitive liquid food products can be obtained. A study was conducted to investigate the influence of active current (275-490 mA), flow rate (12-48 L/h) and salt content (0-0.7%) on the heating of a model viscous 0.27% guar solution in a 1.5 kW radio frequency heater on the temperature rise during continuous heating. The temperature increase ()T) was inversely proportional to the flow rate. A linear relationship was found between the active current and )T. The effect of salt content was not significant within the range tested. Based on the data obtained, an empirical model was developed to predict )T. The radio-frequency heater can provide enough energy to heat the viscous products up to 86°C under tested conditions. The flow in the holding tube was laminar under the tested conditions for 0.27% guar solution. The maximum power efficiency that could be achieved was 39%.
Integrated Bimodal Waveguide Interferometric Biosensor for Label-Free Analysis

The performance of an interferometric device based on integrated Bimodal Waveguides (BiMW) for sensing is demonstrated. The sensors are fabricated using standard silicon technology and can achieve a detection limit of 2.5·10- 7 RIU for homogeneous sensing, rendering in a very high sensitive device. The applicability of the bimodal waveguide interferometer as label-free biosensor has been demonstrated by the real-time monitoring of the biomolecular interaction of BSA and antiBSA. Due to their simplicity, the interferometric devices could be further integrated in complete lab-on-a-chip platforms for point-of-care diagnostics showing them as a powerful instrument for biochemical analysis.
Severe Depletion of CD 4 CD 25 Regulatory T Cells from the Intestinal Lamina Propria but Not Peripheral Blood or Lymph Nodes during Acute Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Severe Depletion of CD4 CD25 Regulatory T Cells from the Intestinal Lamina Propria but Not Peripheral Blood or Lymph Nodes during Acute Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Amanda J. Chase, Ahmad R. Sedaghat, Jennifer R. German, Lucio Gama, M. Christine Zink, Janice E. Clements, and Robert F. Siliciano* Departments of Medicine and Comparative Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
Surgical factors and complications affecting hospital outcome in redo mitral surgery: insights from a multicentre experience.

OBJECTIVES Several single-centre experiences have reported significant operative mortality and morbidity after mitral valve surgery in redo scenarios (ReMVS). Several preoperative risk factors outlining 'high-risk' categories have been reported, but scanty data on the impact of different operative techniques for these major challenging procedures have been analysed to date. The aim of the study is to investigate those intraoperative factors and postoperative events affecting early survival after redo mitral procedures. METHODS Operative mortality and major morbidity events from a large multicentre registry enrolling 832 consecutive redo mitral procedures were analysed. Intraoperative technical issues and postoperative complications impacting operative mortality were identified. RESULTS ReMVS was associated with significant operative mortality (12.5%), acute myocardial infarction (AMI; 5.9%), stroke (4.9%), acute respiratory insufficiency (14.8%), pneumonia (7.0%), acute renal insufficiency (16.1%) and failure (12.6%), reintervention for bleeding (7.6%), massive transfusion (28.0%), need for permanent pacemaker (10.1%). Injury of a previous patent left internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft [odds ratio (OR) 4.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6-11.5; P = 0.005], major cardiovascular iatrogenic lesions at re-entry (OR 19.2, 95% CI: 9.2-39.9; P < 0.001), extracellular crystalloid cardioplegia (OR 7.3, 95% CI: 1.4-37.8; P = 0.018), and incremental cardiopulmonary bypass time (OR 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0-1.2; P = 0.001) independently predicted operative mortality, whereas combined antegrade + retrograde cardioplegia (OR 0.2, 95% CI: 0.09-0.4; P = 0.001) was the only protective factor against mortality. Among complications, AMI (OR 4.1, 95% CI: 1.8-9.6; P = 0.001), need for intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP; OR 3.1, 95% CI: 1.5-6.1; P = 0.001), prolonged intubation >48 h (OR 5.3, 95% CI: 2.9-9.4; P = 0.001) and massive (>6 units) transfusions (OR 4.4, 95% CI: 2.4-8.0; P = 0.001) also predicted operative mortality. CONCLUSIONS ReMVS still carries the risk of significant early mortality and major morbidity. Major lesion to cardiovascular structures is the most dreadful iatrogenic complication, and injury of a previous LIMA graft identifies patients at higher risk of operative mortality. Prolonged cross-clamp times, extracellular crystalloid cardioplegia and massive transfusions have profound impact on early outcome, as well as the development of perioperative AMI, eventually requiring IABP and prolonged intubation. The combination of antegrade and retrograde cardioplegia seems to offer a better myocardial protection in these high-risk patients.
ECT: Use in Individuals with Mental Retardation

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment of a variety of serious psychiatric and neurologic disorders. There are infrequent case reports of its use in individuals with mental retardation (MR). We describe 10 patients with MR and complex comorbid psychiatric disorder treated with ECT. Seven patients had an excellent response to treatment. Side effects of treatment were minimal and transitory.
The Information Transparency Effects of Introducing League Tables in the Health System in Malawi

League tables are used to compare the performance of different entities in the health systems in developing countries. The aim of this paper is to study the implementation process and its effects related to a computerized league table application in Malawi. Focusing on the health district and using a field experiment research approach, the focus is on the implementation process and how it improves information transparency for health managers. Based on routine health data recording in the health management information system DHIS2, the introduced league table was used by the district health management teams in the pilot districts to rank and compare performance among their health facilities. While the introduction of the league tables was challenging, it also showed its potential through effects including improved visibility of information and accessibility for managers, better understanding of indicators, the identification of data quality issues, skills acquisition in computing and information use and improved communication and collaboration among stakeholders.
The Menopausal Symptom Experience in Young Mid‐life Women With Breast Cancer

&NA; Menopausal symptoms are important concerns for breast cancer survivors, which may influence daily activities, physical comfort and sexual health. Incidence and severity ratings of menopausal symptoms contribute to our knowledge about menopause in women with cancer, but fail to fully describe the symptom experience. The purpose of this article is to broaden our understanding by describing variation in menopausal symptom distress and how women interpret and manage symptoms within the context of breast cancer. From a larger grounded theory study that explored women'S responses to the experience of premature induced menopause within the context of breast cancer, the constant comparative method of analysis was used to generate a detailed contextually grounded description of the menopausal symptom experience in a sample of 27 women with breast cancer who received adjuvant therapy. Women identified a symptom profile of menstrual cycle changes, hot flashes, insomnia, vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, alterations in mood, cognition and libido, and weight gain. The majority of women reported menopausal symptoms but some women were distress free while others reported moderate to severe distress. The context of breast cancer influenced women'S response to symptoms and their decision making about menopausal symptom management.
A Thematic Exploration of Digital, Social Media, and Mobile Marketing: Research Evolution from 2000 to 2015 and an Agenda for Future Inquiry

Over the past 15 years, digital media platforms have revolutionized marketing, offering new ways to reach, inform, engage, sell to, learn about, and provide service to customers. As a means of taking stock of academic work's ability to contribute to this revolution, this article tracks the changes in scholarly researchers’ perspectives on three major digital, social media, and mobile (DSMM) marketing themes from 2000 to 2015. The authors first use keyword counts from the premier general marketing journals to gain a macro-level view of the shifting importance of various DSMM topics since 2000. They then identify key themes emerging in five-year time frames during this period: (1) DSMM as a facilitator of individual expression, (2) DSMM as decision support tool, and (3) DSMM as a market intelligence source. In both academic research to date and corresponding practitioner discussion, there is much to appreciate. However, there are also several shortcomings of extant research that have limited its relevance and created points of disconnect between academia and practice. Finally, in light of this, an agenda for future research based on emerging research topics is advanced.
Impacts of Trade Liberalization and Institutions on Labor Market and Firm Productivity in Vietnamese Manufacturing

The dissertation centers on the following key issues. First, what are the impacts of trade liberalization on employment and wages in Vietnamese manufacturing? Second, what determines productivity in Vietnamese manufacturing: the roles of technology and institutions? Third, what are the constraints of the investment climate on Vietnamese manufacturing technical efficiency? Towards such purposes, various econometric techniques are applied and different types of datasets used to investigate the impacts of trade liberalization and institutional reforms implemented in Vietnam on manufacturing industries in terms of employment and wage responses and firm productive performance.
Detecting Financial Misreporting with Real Production Activity: Evidence from an Electricity Consumption Analysis

This study examines whether real production activity measures available to auditors, and in some cases regulators and investors, are useful in detecting financial misreporting. In contrast to accounting performance measures drawn from accrual-basis accounting, this study employs firm-level electricity consumption data which represents a firm’s real production activities in a timely and unbiased manner. Accordingly, we posit that inconsistent growth patterns between accounting performance and electricity consumption are a useful indicator in detecting financial misreporting. Using electricity consumption data for Korean firms from 2006 to 2014, we find that discretionary accruals are increasing in the growth difference between a firm’s revenue and electricity consumption. We also find that this growth difference increases the likelihood of subsequent adverse financial accounting restatements. Our findings are robust to alternative measures of financial misreporting including accounting enforcement actions and qualified audit opinions. Overall, our study documents new evidence on the role of real production activities in detecting financial misreporting.
FOUNDER‐FLUSH SPECIATION: AN UPDATE OF EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS WITH DROSOPHILA

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Muscle-specific activity of the skeletal troponin I promoter requires interaction between upstream regulatory sequences and elements contained within the first transcribed exon

Expression of the skeletal troponin I (sTnI) gene is regulated transcriptionally in a muscle-specific fashion. We show here that the region of the sTnI gene between -160 and +61 (relative to the transcription initiation site) is able to direct expression of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene is muscle cultures at a level approximately 100 times higher than in fibroblast cultures. RNA analysis demonstrated that transcription of the CAT gene was initiated at the same site as transcription of the endogenous sTnI gene and that CAT activity levels were approximately proportional to CAT mRNA levels. Deletion analysis demonstrated that the region between nucleotides -160 and -40 contained sequences essential for full promoter activity. Surprisingly, 3' deletion analysis indicated that the first exon (-6 to +61) of the sTnI gene was also required for full activity of the sTnI promoter in skeletal muscle cells. Chimeric promoter experiments, in which segments of the sTnI and the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase promoter were interchanged, indicated that reconstitution of a muscle-specific promoter required inclusion of both the upstream and exon I regions of the sTnI gene. Exon I, and the region immediately upstream, showed DNase protection over sequence motifs related to those found in other genes, including the tar region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. These results demonstrate that expression of the sTnI promoter in embryonic skeletal muscle cells requires complex interaction between two separate promoter regions, one of which resides within the first 61 transcribed nucleotides of the gene.
Using Relevance Feedback and Ranking in Interactive Searching

We present results of a study in which 50 searchers, of varying degrees of experience in information retrieval (IR), each performed searches on two TREC-4 adhoc interactive track topics, using a simple interface to the INQUIRY retrieval engine. The foci of our study were : the relationships between the users'models and experience of IR, and their performance in the TREC-4 adhoc task while using a best-match IR system with relevance feedback ; the understanding, use and utility of relevance feedback and ranking in interactive IR ; and, the evaluation of interactive IR.
The Real Effect of Financial Reform: Evidence from Public Debt Market

In this paper, we examine the real effect of financial reform on cost of debt and debt characteristics. To address endogeneity concerns, we explore the exogenous variation in bond market liberalization generated by a quasi-experiment, China’s Bond Issuance Reform in January 2015, which substantially alters the issuance system in the corporate bond market. Employing a difference-in-difference method, we mainly find the Reform reduces the cost of bond by approximately 52.4% and further raises the public debt over bank loans and lengthens the debt maturity, which may help to reduce the exposure to liquidity shock during economic downturns and simultaneously not pose additional risks of higher debt burden. The paper sheds lights for policymakers who aim to alleviate financial constraints and boost real growth through capital market liberalization.