Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Endothelin-1 and angiotensin II receptors in cells from rat hypertrophied heart. Receptor regulation and intracellular Ca2+ modulation.

This study investigates the cellular localization and regulation of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and angiotensin II (Ang II) receptors and the effects of ET-1 and Ang II on [Ca2+]i in cardiac hypertrophy due to volume overload in the rat. Radioligand binding assays and [Ca2+]i measurements by fura 2 methodology were performed on isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts from the heart of rats with a 4-week aortocaval shunt. In the hypertrophied myocardium, ET-1 and Ang II concentrations were unchanged in ventricles. Ventricular ET-1 receptors had a cell-specific distribution: > 90% of ET receptors in cardiomyocytes are of the ETA subtype, whereas fibroblasts had a nearly equal proportion of the ETA and ETB subtypes. ET-1 receptor densities, affinities, and ET-1-induced [Ca2+]i were not significantly different from control in both ventricular cell types from hypertrophied myocardium. Ang II specific binding was very low on isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes, suggesting few receptors in control conditions. However, [Ca2+]i responses induced by Ang II at concentrations > 10(-8) mol/L were detectable and were significantly higher in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes. Ang II receptor density (exclusively AT1) on fibroblasts was significantly reduced (42,970 +/- 3330 versus 73,870 +/- 7940 sites per cell for control cells, P < .01), but AT1 receptor affinity was unchanged after volume overload. The maximum increase in [Ca2+]i evoked by 10(-6) to 10(-4) mol/L Ang II was significantly lower in fibroblasts from overloaded hearts. In conclusion, ET-1 receptor proportion is cell specific, with cardiomyocytes possessing predominantly the ETA subtype and fibroblasts possessing both ETA and ETB receptors. Plasma and cardiac ET-1 concentrations and ET-1 receptor regulation on both ventricular cell types are not altered in cardiac volume overload, suggesting that cardiac ET-1 may not play a significant role in this model. Cardiac hypertrophy induced a significant downregulation of AT1 receptors on fibroblasts, whereas total binding and [Ca2+]i sensitivity to Ang II were significantly enhanced in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes. This suggests that cardiac Ang II may be involved in the pathophysiology of the cardiac hypertrophy of volume overload.
Delayed Diagnosis of Acromegaly in an Elderly Adult that Initially Presented as Cutis Verticis Gyrata

gressive supranuclear palsy. J Neurol Sci 2003;210:57–60. 8. Trzepacz PT, Murcko AC, Gillespie MP. Progressive supranuclear palsy misdiagnosed as schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis 1985;173:377–378. 9. Han HJ, Kim H, Park JH et al. Behavioral changes as the earliest clinical manifestation of progressive supranuclear palsy. J Clin Neurol 2010;6:148–151. 10. Hassan A, Parisi JE, Josephs KA. Autopsy-proven progressive supranuclear palsy presenting as behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia. Neurocase 2012;18:478–488.
Effect of moxidectin on CYP3A4 activity as evaluated by oral midazolam pharmacokinetics in healthy subjects

In order to evaluate the potential for CYP3A4 induction by moxidectin, midazolam pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were compared before and after moxidectin administration. Healthy subjects received a single 8 mg dose of moxidectin and 3 single 7.5 mg doses of midazolam 3 days before, and 7 and 89 days after the moxidectin. Blood samples were taken for 24 hours to measure midazolam and metabolites in plasma, and for 89 days to measure moxidectin in plasma after dose administration. Noncompartmental PK analyses were performed for each analyte. Analysis of variance was performed on log‐transformed midazolam parameters with treatment day as a fixed effect. Adverse events were recorded and laboratory tests, physical examinations, pulse oximetry monitoring, vital sign measurement, and electrocardiograms performed. Thirty‐nine subjects were enrolled in the study; PK data were available for 37 subjects. Moxidectin PK parameters were similar to previous studies. There were no significant changes in PK for midazolam or its metabolites 7 or 89 days after moxidectin administration. Adverse events were generally mild and there were no relevant changes in safety assessments. Thus, 8 mg moxidectin does not induce CYP3A4 activity and other CYP3A4 substrates are unlikely to be affected by moxidectin co‐administration.
Characteristics of autism spectrum disorder in anorexia nervosa: A naturalistic study in an inpatient treatment programme

Previous research has demonstrated links between anorexia nervosa and autism spectrum disorder however, few studies have examined the possible impact of symptoms of autism spectrum disorder on clinical outcomes in anorexia nervosa. The aim of this study was to examine the association between symptoms of autism spectrum disorder and eating disorders, and other psychopathology during the course of inpatient treatment in individuals with anorexia nervosa. Participants with anorexia nervosa (n = 171) completed questionnaires exploring eating disorder psychopathology, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and everyday functioning at both admission and discharge. Characteristics associated with autism spectrum disorder were assessed using the Autism Spectrum Quotient, short version. Autism spectrum disorder symptoms were significantly positively correlated with eating disorder psychopathology, work and social functioning, and symptoms of depression and anxiety, but not with body mass index. Autism Spectrum Quotient, short version scores remained relatively stable from admission to discharge but there was a small, significant reduction in scores. There was no interaction between time and Autism Spectrum Quotient, short version scores on clinical symptom change. In anorexia nervosa, autism spectrum disorder symptoms appear to be associated with a more severe clinical presentation on admission to inpatient care. Autism spectrum disorder symptoms as assessed by self-report measures may be exacerbated by other mental health psychopathology, which warrants further investigation.
Associations Between Race, Ethnicity, Religion, and Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking

We surveyed a random sample of 852 students at a large university in 2010-2011 to clarify associations between waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS), ethnicity, and religion. Current (past 30day) WTS was reported by 116 (14%) students, and 331 (39%) reported ever WTS. Middle Eastern ethnicity was associated with current WTS (odds ratio [OR] = 2.37; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06, 5.34) and ever WTS (OR = 2.59; 95% CI = 1.22, 5.47). South Asian ethnicity was associated with lower odds for ever WTS (OR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.21, 0.86), but there was no significant association between South Asian ethnicity and current WTS. Being an atheist and having lower religiosity were associated with both WTS outcomes.
Complementary functions of SK and Kv7/M potassium channels in excitability control and synaptic integration in rat hippocampal dentate granule cells

Previous studies showed that different firing patterns of hippocampal dentate granule cells (DGCs) can trigger different network responses. However, the intrinsic DGC mechanisms controlling their excitability, spike patterns and synaptic integration in DGCs, remain poorly understood. SK and Kv7/M channels play important roles controlling neuronal integration and excitability, but their specific roles vary between cell types. Both channel types are expressed in DGCs, but their roles are unclear. We found that SK channels are the main generators of medium afterhyperpolarizations in DGCs, thus causing negative feedback regulation of spiking (spike frequency adaptation) and calcium influx. In contrast, Kv7/M perform subthreshold and ‘feed‐forward’ control of input resistance, postsynaptic integration, action potential threshold and excitability, thus weakening EPSP–spike coupling. Thus, in DGCs, the SK and Kv7/M channels seem to perform complementary functions in postsynaptic integration and excitability control. This may have important consequences for dentate network physiology.
Contract Preferences and Performance for the Loss-Averse Supplier: Buyback versus Revenue Sharing

Prior theory claims that buyback and revenue-sharing contracts achieve equivalent channel-coordinating solutions when applied in a dyadic supplier–retailer setting. This suggests that a supplier should be indifferent between the two contracts. However, the sequence and magnitude of costs and revenues (i.e., losses and gains) vary significantly between the contracts, suggesting the supplier’s preference of contract type, and associated contract parameter values, may vary with the level of loss aversion. We investigate this phenomenon through two studies. The first is a preliminary study investigating whether human suppliers are indeed indifferent between these two contracts. Using a controlled laboratory experiment, with human subjects taking on the role of the supplier having to choose between contracts, we find that contract preferences change with the ratio of overage and underage costs for the channel (i.e., the newsvendor critical ratio). In particular, a buyback contract is preferred for products wit.
Longitudinal decline in lung function measurements among Saskatchewan grain workers.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between the long term effects of grain dust and decline in lung function among grain elevator workers in Saskatchewan, studied over a 15-year period. METHODS The Grain Dust Medical Surveillance Program was started by Labour Canada in 1978 and longitudinally studied the respiratory health of Canadian grain elevator workers over a 15-year period (1978 to 1993). Data on respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function tests (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], forced vital capacity [FVC]) were collected once every three years; each three-year interval was called a 'cycle'. Data from Saskatchewan were analyzed for this report. A transitional model using the generalized estimating equations approach was fitted using a SAS macro to predict the annual decline in FEV1 and FVC. RESULTS Previous lung function, as one of the covariates in the transitional model, played an important role. Significant predictors of FEV1 were previous FEV1, base height, weight, years in the grain industry, current smoking status, cycle II, cycle III and cycle V. Significant predictors of FVC were previous FVC, base height, weight, years in the grain industry, cycle II, cycle III and cycle IV. CONCLUSIONS The estimated annual decline in FEV1 and FVC increased according to length of time in the grain industry among nonsmoking, ex-smoking and smoking grain elevator workers. Lung function values improved after dust control, and yearly declines in FEV1 and FVC after dust control were smaller compared with yearly losses before dust control.
Auxin Resistant1 and PIN-FORMED2 Protect Lateral Root Formation in Arabidopsis under Iron Stress1[OPEN]

Iron stress modulates auxin and ethylene pathways to regulate lateral root formation in Arabidopsis. A stunted root system is a significant symptom of iron (Fe) toxicity, yet little is known about the effects of excess Fe on lateral root (LR) development. In this work, we show that excess Fe has different effects on LR development in different portions of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root system and that inhibitory effects on the LR initiation are only seen in roots newly formed during excess Fe exposure. We show that root tip contact with Fe is both necessary and sufficient for LR inhibition and that the auxin, but not abscisic acid, pathway is engaged centrally in the initial stages of excess Fe exposure. Furthermore, Fe stress significantly reduced PIN-FORMED2 (PIN2)-green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in root tips, and pin2-1 mutants exhibited significantly fewer LR initiation events under excess Fe than the wild type. Exogenous application of both Fe and glutathione together increased PIN2-GFP expression and the number of LR initiation events compared with Fe treatment alone. The ethylene inhibitor aminoethoxyvinyl-glycine intensified Fe-dependent inhibition of LR formation in the wild type, and this inhibition was significantly reduced in the ethylene overproduction mutant ethylene overproducer1-1. We show that Auxin Resistant1 (AUX1) is a critical component in the mediation of endogenous ethylene effects on LR formation under excess Fe stress. Our findings demonstrate the relationship between excess Fe-dependent PIN2 expression and LR formation and the potential role of AUX1 in ethylene-mediated LR tolerance and suggest that AUX1 and PIN2 protect LR formation in Arabidopsis during the early stages of Fe stress.
A Double-Blind Comparison of Granisetron and Placebo for the Treatment of Acute Migraine in The Emergency Department

Three hundred and ninety-seven patients who presented to the emergency department were screened for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of iv granisetron (40 μg/kg or 80 μg/kg) in acute migraine. Twenty-eight patients fulfilled the stringent eligibility criteria and completed the study. Rescue medication was required 2 h post-infusion in 8 of 10 patients receiving granisetron 40 μg/kg, 5 of 10 patients receiving granisetron 80 μg/kg, and 6 of 8 patients receiving placebo. Significant improvement (p < 0.05) in headache pain (on a visual analogue scale and categorical scale) was observed in the 80–μg/kg group. Headache pain evaluated with the Hunter headache scale indicated improvement for the sensory and affective components of headache pain in both granisetron groups. Except for more nausea at 30 min in the placebo group, no significant differences were noted between treatments. All three treatments were well tolerated. Granisetron may be effective for acute migraine headache; however, further studies with increased patient numbers are required.
Advanced methods for Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy core-loss analysis

Les microscopes electroniques en transmission modernes sont capables de fournir une grande quantite d'informations sous la forme de jeux de donnees multi-dimensionnelles. Bien que les procedures developpees pour l'analyse des spectres uniques soient utilisables pour le traitement de ces donnees, le developpement de techniques plus avancees est indispensable pour une exploitation optimale de ces informations hautement redondantes. Dans ce contexte, nous avons explore des alternatives aux methodes standard de quantification, et cherche a optimiser les acquisitions experimentales afin d'ameliorer la precision des analyses. Cela constitue une reponse aux defis actuels de la spectroscopie de perte d'energie d'electrons (EELS) dont les facteurs limitants sont souvent lies aux degâts d'irradiation et a la contamination. La quantification elementaire par la methode standard d'integration est limitee aux cas simples. Nous avons montre que l'utilisation d'une methode basee sur l'ajustement des courbes experimentales peut surmonter la plupart des limitations de la methode standard. Cette nouvelle methode nous a non seulement permis d'obtenir des cartographies elementaires mais aussi les premieres cartographies des liaisons chimiques a l'echelle nanometrique. Les methodes quantitatives exigent de connaitre a priori la composition de l'echantillon, ce qui constitue une difficulte majeur lors de l'analyse d'echantillons inconnus. Nous avons montre que les methodes de separation aveugle des sources permettent une analyse rapide et efficace des donnees multi-dimensionnelles, sans necessiter la definition d'un modele. En conditions optimales, il est ainsi possible d'extraire a partir des donnees experimentales les signaux correspondants aux differents constituants chimiques ainsi que leur distribution dans l'echantillon.
Tillage and Forage System Effects on Forage Yields and Nutrient Uptake under Broiler Litter–Amended Soils

Abstract Planting and harvesting high‐yielding forage grasses may remove phosphorus (P), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) from surface soils with a long history of broiler litter application. A study was conducted in Alabama's Sand Mountain region from 1998 to 2000 to determine tillage and forage systems best suited for removing nutrients from such overloaded soils. Tillage treatments included no‐till, moldboard plowing, chisel plowing, and each combined with paraplowing. Forage treatments included bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ) cv. Russell, tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cv. Kentucky‐31, and an annual rotation of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and sorghum sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench×Sorghum vulgare sudanense). The annual rotation produced highest yields and P uptake. Moldboard plowing the annual rotation further increased yields. It appears the annual rotation best removes P, Cu, and Zn via plant uptake. Tillage reduced P concentrations in the soil surface in the following order: moldboard>chisel>no‐till.
Professors online: The Internet's impact on college faculty

This paper reports on findings from a nationwide survey of Internet use by U.S. college faculty. The survey asked about general Internet use, use of specific Internet technologies (e–mail, IM, Web, etc.), the Internet’s impact on teaching and research, its impact on faculty–student interactions, and about faculty perceptions of students’ Internet use. There is general optimism, though little evidence, about the Internet’s impacts on their professional lives. The findings show that institutions of higher education still need to address three broad areas (infrastructure, professional development, and teaching and research) to assist faculty to continue to make good use of the Internet in their professional work.
Malignant vascular tumours of the pleura in "asbestos" workers and endothelial differentiation in malignant mesothelioma.

BACKGROUND Three cases of diffuse malignant vascular tumours of the pleura are described which mimicked malignant mesothelioma clinically and pathologically (so called "pseudomesothelioma"). All had occupational histories of exposure to asbestos. The relationship of these tumours to mesothelioma and asbestos exposure is discussed. METHODS To examine the histogenetic relationship between mesothelioma and these three tumours an immunohistochemical analysis of vascular marker (CD31, CD34, and Von Willebrand factor) expression was undertaken in 92 cases of pleural mesothelioma, in addition to these three tumours. Electron microscopic fibre analysis of lung tissue was performed on each of the three cases to assess asbestos fibre content. RESULTS Diffuse pleural epithelioid haemangioendotheliomas may closely resemble malignant mesothelioma clinically and pathologically but, of the 92 pleural mesotheliomas tested, none showed expression of CD31, CD34, and Von Willebrand factor. Although all three cases had claimed exposure to asbestos, ferruginous bodies typical of asbestos were only seen by light microscopy in case 2, and only in this subject was the asbestos fibre content raised in comparison with the range seen in a non-exposed background population. The latent period in the pleural epithelioid haemangioendotheliomas ranged from 18 to 60 years. CONCLUSIONS Endothelial differentiation does not appear to occur in mesothelioma and therefore should be clearly separated from it. No definite association between pleural epithelioid haemangioendothelioma and exposure to asbestos can be made from this small series but further investigation is warranted.
The Impact of Death-Related Costs on Health Care Expenditure: A Survey

In the economic policy debate it is often stated that population ageing will lead to huge increases in the age-related components of public expenditure – primarily pensions and health care. This paper analyses a factor that may, at least partly, alleviate the fear that increased life expectancy will accelerate the rise in health-care spending: namely the fact that independent of decedent age, the bulk of per capita health-care costs are concentrated in the last years of life (the so-called ‘mortality-related’ costs). It surveys the empirical literature on health economics, presenting the main results obtained by studies on the interaction among age, proximity to mortality and health-care expenditure. Based on this analysis, it concludes with certainty that age alone is not a good predictor of rises in health-care spending, and that proximity to mortality must also be used as a predictor of health-care expenditure.
The Prevention of Ankle Sprains in Sports

To assess the published evidence on the effectiveness of various approaches to the prevention of ankle sprains in athletes, we used textbooks, journals, and experts in the field of sports medicine to identify citations. We identified 113 studies reporting the risk of ankle sprains in sports, methods to provide support, the effect of these interventions on performance, and comparison of prevention efforts. The most common risk factor for ankle sprain in sports is history of a previous sprain. Ten citations of studies involving athletes in basketball, football, soccer, or volleyball compared alternative methods of prevention. Methods tested included wrapping the ankle with tape or cloth, orthoses, high-top shoes, or some combination of these methods. Most studies indicate that appropriately applied braces, tape, or orthoses do not adversely affect performance. Based on our review, we recommend that athletes with a sprained ankle complete supervised rehabilitation before returning to practice or competition, and those athletes suffering a moderate or severe sprain should wear an appropriate orthosis for at least 6 months. Both coaches and players must assume responsibility for prevention of injuries in sports. Methodologic limitations of published studies suggested several areas for future research.
Nonsense-syllable Sound Discrimination Ability Correlates with Second Language (L2) Proficiency

Sound discrimination helps babies acquire the vocabulary, morphology and syntax of their first language. Researchers have also shown a relationship between sound discrimination ability and second language (L2) experience. In this research, we investigated the correlation between the sound discrimination ability of lowintermediate level, adult Japanese learners of English and various measures of their L2 proficiency, including the TOEIC (IP) test, grammar and vocabulary tests, and a motivation measure. Firstly, our results showed a strong correlation between nonsense-syllable consonant sound discrimination ability and the listening comprehension results of the TOEIC test. Secondly, a moderate correlation was found between overall sound discrimination and such L2 proficiency measures as vocabulary, grammar, and reading ability. Finally, we found that vowels were more difficult to discriminate than consonants; in particular, the vowel in a VC syllable was the most difficult to discriminate, whereas the consonant in a CV syllable was the easiest to discriminate. We interpret our results to mean that, for lowintermediate level L2 learners, a simple 10-minute sound discrimination test can serve as a reasonably reliable tool for placement of students into different class levels, especially listening and reading classes.