Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Impact of the Intensive Drug and Alcohol Treatment Program (IDATP) on Prisoner Misconduct

Aim: This study investigates the impact of participating in the Intensive Drug and Alcohol Treatment Program (IDATP) on prisoner misconduct. Method: To estimate the effect of IDATP on prisoner misconduct, the main identification strategy exploits the natural variation in the timing of the program start date among every male participant since the program began in 2012. We use the years in gaol before IDATP as the comparison among the participants only, via a fixed-effects specification. By using participants as their own comparison, the empirical strategy avoids the selection bias issues that arise when using non-participants as the control group. The outcome of interest is prisoner misconduct, which is captured by the annual number of infractions of prison rules committed by each IDATP participant during their gaol sentence. Results: The main results indicate that prison infractions committed in gaol decreased by approximately 73 per cent in the years after participation in IDATP, among male participants. Additional findings from a supplementary analysis support the main result. Specifically, we do not observe a reduction in infractions after a cohort of male prisoners were due to receive IDATP, but were ultimately denied treatment for plausibly exogenous reasons. Conclusion: Overall, the findings indicate that participating in IDATP has a beneficial influence on prisoner misconduct.
Factors Affecting Interaction in a Distance Education via Video Conferencing

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors affecting the interaction between instructor and students in a distance education process via video conferencing. In the study, case study, one of the qualitative research patterns, has been adopted and contrary case sampling, one of the purposive sampling methods, has been used. The data, which was collected through interviews and observations, have been analyzed with the method of content analysis method in the study. The findings are in the direction that the methods and techniques of the instructor with his supportive behaviors for interaction have a big impact on the interaction. In addition, the properties of students such as prior knowledge and self-confidence have been seen to affect the interaction. It has been concluded that other factors which affect the interaction were technical problems such as muting and disconnection, and communication difficulties such as the inability for eye contact and misfiring of gestures and mimics. Keywords: video-conferencing, distance education, interaction
BIOCHEMICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF SUGAR BEET TO SALINIZATION

Biochemical, physiological and morphological responses of sugar beet grown on sandy soil under three levels of NaCl salinity in irrigation water, i.e. control, 3000 & 6000 ppm was studied in pot experiment. Results showed that root fresh weight linearly decreased by increasing NaCl salinity levels up to 6000 ppm, but sucrose percentage in root was significantly increased. On the other hand, increasing NaCl levels resulted in significant increase of Na content in both of shoot and root Meanwhile, K content in shoot was sharply decreased but K content in root didn’t significantly differ by increasing NaCl levels. Also, under salinity results indicated a strongly negative correlation between shoot osmotic potential and shoot Na content while it was mainly with sucrose concentration in root. Thus, sugar beet plant has an active mechanism to include higher amount of Na in leaves and utilizes it to regulate leave osmotic potential under saline condition. Despite of this mechanism the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance showed significant decrease by increasing NaCl levels up to 6000 ppm. Moreover, stomatal behavior and stomatal morphology revealed a gradual response to the level of NaCl salinity used. Stomatal density, area and pore area strongly decreased by raising NaCl level from control to 3000 ppm with no effect on stomatal closure. No further response was shown for stomatal area by increasing NaCl from 3000 to 6000 ppm, while stomatal closure recorded 60% in lower & 30% in upper leaf surface at 6000 ppm NaCl level. Generally, it could be pointed out that the decrease of sugar beet root fresh weight at low salinity level (3000 ppm) may be due to osmotical stress while at high level of NaCl (6000 ppm) it was attributed to toxic effect of higher Na accumulation on photosynthesis which led to closed stomata in order to inhibit Na transport into leaves.
Uncertainty, Investor Sentiment, and Innovation

We develop a theory of innovation waves, investor sentiment, and merger activity based on Knightian uncertainty. Uncertainty-averse investors are more optimistic on an innovation when they can make contemporaneous investments in multiple uncertain projects. Innovation waves occur when there is a critical mass of innovative companies, and are characterized by stronger investor sentiment, higher equity valuation, and hot initial public offering markets. Our approach to investor sentiment is not based on erroneous beliefs disjoint from economic fundamentals, but depends on uncertainty on the fundamentals. Our model can explain sector-specific booms uncorrelated with aggregate economic activity and the overall stock market.
A trust model of p2p system based on confirmation theory

The feature of the peer-to-peer system such as user anonymity, open nature makes that some peers are not responsible for their distributing inauthentic information. An effective solution is that set up the trust model in the p2p system. This paper presents a novel global trust model based on confirmation theory. The reputation of peers is calculated by C-F model according the bartering history, and then the peer decides to download the sharing file from which the peer has good reputation. Analyses and simulations show that this trust model can discard the malicious peer from p2p system effectively and improve the rate of successful barter greatly.
Influence of Fall and Spring Tillage on Soil CO 2 Efflux from a Loamy Sand Soil in Alabama

Management decisions that affect tillage intensity and the amount and placement of residues can influence soil C storage, thereby representing a viable strategy to help mitigate the rise in atmospheric CO2. However, information on seasonal CO2 flux patterns as affected by degree of soil disturbance/residue mixing and time of tillage operations are lacking. A experiment was conducted following a grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor ] (L.) Moench. ] crop on a Norfolk loamy sand (Typic Kandiudults; FAO classification Luxic Ferralsols) in east-central Alabama (USA) to characterize soil CO2 flux patterns as affected by tillage tool type [disk (DK), high residue field cultivator (FC), and no-till (NT)] and time of soil disturbance (i.e., fall and spring). Soil CO2 efflux was assessed immediately following fall tillage and periodically up to and including planting operations; likewise, these measures were also taken in the spring after imposing tillage treatments on another set of undisturbed plots. Concurrent measures were also made on NT plots. Increased CO2 efflux was related to degree of soil disturbance attributed to fall tillage; losses were similar for the FC and NT treatment and the highest loss occurred for DK treatment; cumulative flux estimates also reflected such differences. With spring tillage, loss of CO2 for the NT and DK treatment was similar, while the FC treatment exhibited a slightly lower loss. Results suggest that selection of fall tillage equipment that maintains surface residue and minimizes soil disturbance could help reduce CO2 loss. However, such considerations for spring tillage operations would not result in a substantial reduction in CO2 loss.
PERSISTENCE OF ACEPHATE , PROFENOFOS AND TRIAZOPHOS RESIDUES IN BRINJAL FRUITS AND SOIL

Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) is a popular solanaceous and economically important vegetable and is native to India. After potato, it ranks second highest consumed vegetable in India. Annually, India produced about 11.896 million MT of brinjal, on 6.8 lakh hectare of land in different parts of the country. India is the second largest producer of brinjal after China with a 27.55 per cent world production share. It contributes 8.1 per cent of the total vegetable production of the country (Anonymous, 2011). Brinjal is attacked by a number of insect pests from seedling to fruiting stage affecting its growth and productivity. Patial and Mehta (2008) reported 27 insect-pest species attacking this crop. Major insect-pests of brinjal are fruit and shoot borer Leucinodes orbonalis, beetles Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, jassids Amrasca devastans, brinjal stem borer Euzophera perticella and aphids Aphis gossypii (Walia et al., 2010). Fruit and shoot borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) is the most devastating pest causing a significant yield loss of 60-70 per cent in India (Kumar et al., 2011). This crop is sprayed heavily with insecticides to protect it from the attack of pests. Different insecticides are approved and recommended against insect-pests of various crops. However, the recommended use of these insecticides vis-àvis their effectiveness on wide range of pests, provoke the farmers to use them against pests of other crops also, on which they are not recommended. Improper and injudicious use of pesticide, besides posing health threat to the farm workers, also leave harmful pesticide residues on the crop and soil and causes development of pest resistance leading to the losses to the crops (Kumar and Singh, 2014). An extensive study in India conducted under the project ‘Monitoring of Pesticide Residues at National Level’ revealed the presence of non approved acephate, profenofos and triazophos residues in brinjal fruits throughout the country. Due to the presence of harmful residues of these pesticides in vegetables. The persistence of acephate, profenofos and triazophos has been studied on various commodities by different workers (Mohapatra et al., 2011; Kaur et al., 2015; Banshtu et al., 2015; Nigam et al., 2009; Shashi et al., 2015; Singh et al., 2015). In order to recommend a safe waiting period an attempt was made to generate persistence data according to good agricultural practices (GAP) for fixation of MRL of these insecticides on brinjal crop by the FSSAI. The present investigation was carried out to study the persistence behaviour of acephate, profenofos and triazophos residues in brinjal fruits soil.
Dataflow analysis on game narratives

Modern computer games tend to provide complex narratives, ensuring both extended and interesting game play. Narratives are important not only in traditional adventure games and role playing games, but also in first person shooting games and strategy games. Even so, many narratives contain defects that reduce the quality of games, and so it is important to develop analysis or verification techniques. Unfortunately, formal verification attempts are few, and in practice primarily done by manual inspection and test-playing. Our research is based on a framework, named Programmable Narrative Flow Graph (PNFG) that provides a high-level language to represent narratives. Our approach is to apply high-level, formal analysis to narratives to find out their winning paths, as a first step forward deeper verification. We extend the PNFG framework by developing a generic dataflow analysis module, and implement several analyzers to gather high-level data on narrative behaviors. To improve the performance of our approach, we also designed several optimizations that reduce the size of the search space. Not all individual optimizations are effective on all narratives, but our final, fully-optimized strategy is able to analyze large narratives in relatively little time—an improvement of several orders of magnitude over the state-of-the-art in narrative analysis. This represents a practical and effective design for analyzing narratives that we hope can be the basic of real improvements in game development.
Whatever happened to dryland salinity ? A review of the Australian salinity agenda ; management for sustainable productivity and climate change effects

In the not too distant past, dryland salinity in Australia was considered to be one of the nation’s greatest environmental concerns. All States were involved, with significant amounts of public money being spent on the issue. Statements referring to it as an “awakening monster from the deep” and “the creeping white death”, publicised on Federal websites such as the Australian Academy of Sciences and CSIRO, indicated the level of national concern. The causes have been attributed to an excess of water in the landscape, mobilising deep ancient salinity stores and bringing previously dormant salts to the surface. Dryland salinity is listed as being a ‘threatening process’ to biodiversity, killing native fauna and flora and apparently favouring exotic species, despite Australia being one of the naturally saltiest places on earth. The research reported here in upland catchments of NSW challenges these views, the generally accepted model of the processes driving secondary dryland salinity in most uplands of the Murray Darling Basin is at odds with field observations. Holistic biotic and abiotic measurements taken in grassy woodlands exhibiting various degrees of increased salinisation, to investigate the fundamental processes operating within and between the regolith and surface/subterranean biota, show that elevated salinity levels are a localised, soil surface process associated with vegetation/soil degradation and subsequent increased soil evaporation rates. No cause-effect relationship was established linking increased salinity levels to native fauna or flora mortality. Many native species flourish in such environments, as can be expected, having co-evolved with salty and sodic soils. The results have implications for appropriate salinity mapping, modelling and management activities. This includes the issue of a warming climate regime and the likelihood of increasing soil surface evaporation rates, hence, increased salinisation associated with soil and vegetation degradation.
Proposal for standardization of the distance for analysis of freestyle flip-turn performance.

The ongoing research on freestyle flip turns requires the standardization of assessment methods and protocols. The objective of this study was to propose a standardization of the distance used for the analysis of flip-turn performance. Eleven swimmers of both genders (16±3 years) participated in the study. Peak force (PF) and contact time (CT) were measured using a force platform. Five camcorders were installed to determine the flip-turn time at a distance of 15 (TT15) and 10 m (TT10), distance before the turn, distance to regain stroke, and time without stroke. Each swimmer performed eight flip turns. The level of significance was set at p<0.01. Mean PF was 1075 N and mean CT was 0.32 s. Mean TT10 and TT15 were 5.52 and 8.81 s, respectively. PF and CT were associated with flip-turn performance at distances of 10 and 15 m. However, this association was stronger when analyzing time without stroke, which is part of the flip-turn phases. In conclusion, PF and CT were associated with flip-turn performance at distances of 10 and 15 m. A distance of 10 m was found to be sufficient to evaluate athletes with technical characteristics similar to those of this study. The use of the 15-m distance is recommended for swimmers with different technical characteristics, such as a longer underwater phase.
Modeling the effects of crab potting and road traffic on a population of diamondback terrapins

Diamondback terrapins are a species of turtle found along the coast of the United States from Massachusetts to Texas. Many of the states in this range list the terrapins as endangered, threatened, or a species of concern. However, little is known about their actual population sizes across the range. Mitro (2003) created a linear age class model for a terrapin population in Rhode Island. Here we examine the effects on the same population of human-related threats such as crab pots and road traffic using a nonlinear, stage-based model. This model shows that crab potting has a larger negative effect on the population (which causes a population decline occurring at 6.6% mortality of affected stages) than road mortality (with a population decline at 10.6% mortality of affected stages). We conclude that, in areas of existing crab potting, conservation efforts should focus on reducing terrapin mortality through the use of bycatch reduction devices.
Winter 1-30-2011 Recruitment of the oncoprotein vErbA to aggresomes

Aggresome formation, a cellular response to misfolded protein aggregates, is linked to cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Previously we showed that Gag-v-ErbA (v-ErbA), a retroviral variant of the thyroid hormone receptor (TRα1), accumulates in and sequesters TRα1 into cytoplasmic foci. Here, we show that foci represent v-ErbA targeting to aggresomes. v-ErbA colocalizes with aggresomal markers, proteasomes, hsp70, HDAC6, and mitochondria. Foci have hallmark characteristics of aggresomes: formation is microtubule-dependent, accelerated by proteasome inhibitors, and they disrupt intermediate filaments. Proteasome-mediated degradation is critical for clearance of v-ErbA and T3-dependent TRα1 clearance. Our studies highlight vErbA’s complex mode of action: the oncoprotein is highly mobile and trafficks between the nucleus, cytoplasm, and aggresome, carrying out distinct activities within each compartment. Dynamic trafficking to aggresomes contributes to the dominant negative activity of v-ErbA and may be enhanced by the viral Gag sequence. These studies provide insight into novel modes of oncogenesis across multiple cellular compartments.
of Public Sector Management Experimental public administration from 1992 to 2014 : A systematic literature review and ways forward

Purpose – Based on previous inventories, the purpose of this paper is to extend the knowledge on public administration experiments by focusing on their experimental type, design, sample type and realism levels and external validity. The aim is to provide an overview of experimental public administration and formulate potential ways forward. Design/methodology/approach – The authors examine the current state of experimental public administration, by looking at a systematic selection of ISI ranked experimental publications in major public administration journals (1992-2014) and recommend ways forward based on this review. Findings – The review indicates a rise in experimentation in public administration in recent years, this can be attributed mostly to some subfields of public administration. Furthermore, most experiments in public administration tend to have relatively simple designs, high experimental realism and a focus on external validity. Experimental public administration can be strengthened by increasing diversification in terms of samples, experimental designs, experimental types and substantive scope. Finally, the authors recommend to better utilize experiments to generate usable knowledge for practitioners and to replicate experiments to improve scientific rigour. Originality/value – This paper contributes to experimental public administration by drawing on a systematic selection of papers and assessing them in depth. By means of a transparent and systematic selection of publications, various venues or ways forward are presented.
Improving web authentication with keystroke dynamics

Authentication is frequently referred as the most critical part of a computer system security. Users commonly identify themselves using a combination of username and password, but sometimes this is not enough. Concerning web-based services, attacks like phishing or social engineering can easily result in identity theft. In addition, the widespread use of single sign-on services can seriously increase the consequences of such attacks. In these circumstances strong authentication is mandatory. Strong authentication is often implemented using additional authentication steps or specialised hardware modules, which is not suitable for web-based systems. However, biometrics can used to overcome these limitations. More specifically, behavioural biometrics based on keyboard typing patterns can provide an extra security layer on top of conventional authentication methods, with no additional cost and no impact to the user experience. This work aims to evaluate the feasibility of the implementation of strong authentication on the web using keystroke dynamics. This is carried out through the creation of a web application prototype, collection of a keystroke dynamics dataset and analysis of various matching algorithms and performance metrics on the collected data.
B → D ( ∗ ) ` ν form factors from N f = 2 + 1 QCD with Möbius domain-wall quarks

We report on our study of the B→ D(∗)`ν semileptonic decays at zero and nonzero recoils in 2+1 flavor QCD. The Möbius domain-wall action is employed for light, charm and bottom quarks at lattice cutoffs a−1 = 2.5 and 3.6 GeV. We take bottom quark masses up to ≈ 2.4 times the physical charm mass to control discretization effects. The pion mass is as low as Mπ∼310 MeV. We present our preliminary results for the relevant form factors and discuss the violation of heavy quark symmetry, which is a recent important isuue on the long-standing tension in the CabibboKobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |Vcb| between the exclusive and inclusive decays.
Impact of Fiber Metal Laminates - Literature Research

Abstract The paper refers the general idea of composite materials especially Fiber Metal Laminates (FMLs) with respect to low-velocity impact incidents. This phenomenon was characterized by basic parameters and energy dissipation mechanisms. Further considerations are matched with analytical procedures with reference to linearized spring-mass models, impact characteristics divided into energy correlations (global flexure, delamination, tensile fracture and petaling absorbed energies) and set of motion second order differential equations. Experimental tests were based on analytical solutions for different types of FML - GLARE type plates and were held in accordance to ASTM standards. The structure model reveals plenty of dependences related to strain rate effect, deflection represented by the correlations among plate and intender deformation, separate flexure characteristics for aluminium and composite, contact definition based on intender end-radius shape stress analysis supported by FSDT, von Karman strains as well as CLT. Failure criteria were conformed to layers specifications with respect to von Misses stress-strain criterion for aluminium matched with Tsai-Hill or Puck criterion for unidirectional laminate. At the final stage numerical simulation were made in FEM programs such as ABAQUS and ANSYS. Future prospects were based on the experiments held over 3D-fiberglass (3DFG) FMLs with magnesium alloy layers which covers more favorable mechanical properties than FMLs.
Science, ICT & Future Planning (MSIP), Korea through ICT R&D

Adaptive merge list construction for the fast encoder of three-dimensional high ef ﬁ ciency video coding (3D-HEVC) scheme is proposed in this Letter. The encoder complexity of 3D-HEVC has been unavoid-ably very high in comparison with HEVC, because it should handle the multiple view images and their corresponding depth images. Proposed method is designed to reduce the encoder-side computational complexity of the 3D-HEVC merging process through a fast decision with early termination arranged by two conditions. Simulation results show that the proposed method can reduce overall encoding time by 9.7% without coding losses in comparison with the recent 3D-HEVC HTM-14.0 fast encoder that consisted of every encoder optimisation algorithm informatively adopted in both HEVC and 3D-HEVC stan-dardisation activities.