Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cold Ischemia And Outcome In 17,937 Cadaveric Kidney Transplants

To determine if cold preservation time continues to affect renal transplant outcome, prospectively collected data from 17,937 cadaveric renal transplants performed between 1982 and 1991 were analyzed. Cold preservation intervals of 1-16, 16-32, 32-48, and greater than 48 hr were studied by multi- and univariate methods for two time periods: 1982-1989 (n = 13,800) and 1990-1991 (n = 4137). The functional one-year graft survival for kidneys stored over different intervals was significantly different (P < 0.001) only for the 1982-1989 epoch: one-year allograft survival ranged from 76% (1-16), to 72% (16-32 and 32-48) to 74% (> 48) hr. One-year graft survival ranged from 81 to 83% for the four preservation times in 1990 through 1991 (P = NS). Overall actuarial graft survival was 76% (74% prior to 1990, and 82% after 1990). Factors significantly (P < 0.0001) affecting kidney transplant outcome before and after 1990 were delayed graft function (DGF): n = 4232, 65% one-year graft survival; retransplant status: n = 3029, 67% one-year graft survival; and HLA match at three or more loci: n = 6067, 79% one-year graft survival. While DGF occurred more often with prolonged preservation, kidneys with DGF had similar survival regardless of preservation duration. Before 1990, pretransplant transfusion was associated with better and black recipient race with worse outcome; neither transfusion nor recipient race had any effect after 1990. Patients receiving kidneys preserved for longer periods demonstrate one-year graft survival comparable to kidneys preserved for shorter periods. Prolonged cold ischemic time should no longer be a principal reason for considering organ discard.
Party Polarization and "Conflict Extension" in the American Electorate

agendas have remained distinct, but the parties in the electorate have grown more polarized on all three. Conflict extension. rather than conflict displacement or ideological realign? ment, has occurred because there has been a limited mass response to the growth of elite-level party polar? ization. Only party identifiers who are aware of party elite polarization on each of the issue dimensions have
A reading of contemporary short stories dealing with food and humour

Playing with food could be funny! Reading about animated sandwiches could be hilarious. Writing about the adventures of vegetables, chocolate and toothpicks could be creative. Therefore, the unfolding of texts in children’s literature, which depict humorous eating habits, is the objective of our presentation. A selection of children’s texts joined under the topic of food has been gathered. The common framing of these cotemporary short stories is the multiple connections between food, humour and social behaviour, offering fertile grounds for linguistic and literacy approaches to the increasingly important field of humour studies. More specifically, we are exploring distinctive literacy contexts in which the act of playing with food is represented with humour, for the latter has been proved to be a significant key feature of contemporary children’s literature. Issues of how different types of food inspired the generation of these short stories, the extent to which eating habits are framed with humorous implications and the level of connection between the social aspects of eating and humour occurring across literacy cultures, are discussed.
Expression of the ExeAB complex of Aeromonas hydrophila is required for the localization and assembly of the ExeD secretion port multimer

Aeromonas hydrophila secretes protein toxins via the type II pathway, involving the products of at least two operons, exeAB (gspAB) and exeC‐N (gspC‐N). In the studies reported here, aerolysin secretion was restored to C5.84, an exeA::Tn5–751 mutant, by overexpression of exeD alone in trans. Expression studies indicated that these results did not reflect a role of ExeAB in the regulation of the exeC‐N operon. Instead, immunoblot analysis showed that ExeD did not multimerize in C5.84, and fractionation of the membranes showed that the monomeric ExeD remained in the inner membrane. Expression of ExeAB, but not either protein alone, from a plasmid in C5.84 resulted in increases in the amount of multimeric ExeD, which correlated with increases in aerolysin secretion. Pulse‐chase analysis also sug‐gested that the induction of ExeAB allowed multimerization of previously accumulated monomer ExeD. In C5.84 cells overproducing ExeD, it multimerized even in the absence of ExeAB and, although most remained in the inner membrane, an amount similar to that in wild‐type outer membranes fractionated with the outer membrane of the overproducing cells. These results indicate that the secretion defect of exeAB mutants is a result of an inability to assemble the ExeD secretin in the outer membrane. The localization and multimerization of overproduced ExeD in these mutants further suggests that the ExeAB complex plays either a direct or indirect role in the transport of ExeD into the outer membrane.
Probabilistic Reframing for Cost-Sensitive Regression

Copyright Additional Information © ACM, 2014. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of ACM for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data (TKDD), VOL. 8, ISS. 4, (October 2014) http://doi.acm. org/10.1145/2641758 http://dx.doi. org/10.1145/2641758 http://hdl.handle. net/10251/61325
Semi-Supervised Bi-Dictionary Learning for Image Classification With Smooth Representation-Based Label Propagation

In this paper, we propose semi-supervised bi-dictionary learning for image classification with smooth representation-based label propagation (SRLP). Natural images contain complex contents of multiple objects with complicated background, clutter, and occlusions, which prevents image features from belonging to a specific category. Therefore, we employ reconstruction-based classification to implement discriminative dictionary learning in a probabilistic manner. We jointly learn a discriminative dictionary called anchor in the feature space and its corresponding soft label called anchor label in the label space, where the combination of anchor and anchor label is referred to as bi-dictionary. The learnt bi-dictionary is utilized to bridge the semantic gap in image classification. First, SRLP constructs smoothed reconstruction problems for bi-dictionary learning. Then, SRLP produces the reconstruction coefficients in the feature space over the anchor to infer soft labels of samples in the label space. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of learning a pair of discriminative dictionaries for image classification in the feature and label spaces and outperforms the-state-of-the-art reconstruction-based classification ones.
Editor's Choice Cyclical Unemployment Fluctuations of Immigrants and Natives: Evidence from Austria

We analyze differences in unemployment between immigrants and natives over the business cycle, using a comprehensive matched employer–employee data set for Austria. We find that the unemployment rate of immigrants from outside the European Economic Area and their individual transition rates into unemployment are significantly more volatile over the cycle than those of natives. We test for existing theories according to which a greater variability in employment can be due to a selection of workers into specific industries, firms, or temporary jobs. We find no evidence for the differential unemployment response of immigrant workers in our sample to be driven by such selection.
Dicer is required for proper liver zonation

A number of genes and their protein products are expressed within the liver lobules in a region‐specific manner and confer heterogeneous metabolic properties to hepatocytes; this phenomenon is known as ‘metabolic zonation’. To elucidate the roles of Dicer, an endoribonuclease III type enzyme required for microRNA biogenesis, in the establishment of liver zonation, we examined the distribution of proteins exhibiting pericentral or periportal localization in hepatocyte‐specific Dicer1 knockout mouse livers. Immunohistochemistry showed that the localization of pericentral proteins was mostly preserved in Dicer1‐deficient livers. However, glutamine synthetase, whose expression is normally confined to a few layers of hepatocytes surrounding the central veins, was expressed in broader pericentral areas. Even more striking was the observation that all the periportal proteins that were examined, including phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, E‐cadherin, arginase 1, and carbamoyl phosphate synthetase‐I, lost their localized expression patterns and were diffusely expressed throughout the entire lobule. Thus, with regard to periportal protein expression, the consequences of Dicer loss were similar to those caused by the disruption of β‐catenin. An analysis of livers deficient in β‐catenin did not identify the down‐regulation of Dicer1 or any microRNAs, indicating that they are not directly activated by β‐catenin. Thus, the present study illustrates that Dicer plays a pivotal role in the establishment of liver zonation. Dicer is essential for the suppression of periportal proteins by Wnt/β‐catenin/TCF signalling, albeit it likely acts in an indirect manner. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The diverse roles and multiple forms of focal adhesion kinase in brain

Although it was originally characterized as a constituent of focal adhesions in fibroblasts, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is now considered to be not only a mediator of adhesion processes but also a crucial regulator of guidance and a modulator of gene expression. FAK is the main transducer of the integrin signaling required to stabilize the actin cytoskeleton. However, additional activities have been described over the years. In the brain, FAK deserves particular attention as it is found in various alternatively spliced forms – these distributed in multiple subcellular compartments or bound to multiple partners. Moreover, its signaling involves not only phosphorylation but also ubiquitination and proteolysis. Several experimental cell models demonstrate that FAK increases or decreases migration, participates in differentiation and contributes to plasticity events. In addition, this kinase is linked to cell survival in cancer and apoptosis. This review focuses on the diversity of events involving brain‐located forms of FAK.
Two Concepts of Place Competition and Specificity of Targeting in Place Marketing

This paper demonstrates opportunities for the development of the place marketing theory given by pure model of local expenditures (Tiebout 1956) and concepts of the creative class (Florida 2004) and creative city (Bianchini and Landry 1995). Rethinking them in marketing terms, we then analyze their limitations and show why their re-examining can support competition analysis, targeting, and marketing policy of places. In the discussion section, main directions of theoretical research in place marketing are highlighted
Using the COPE assessment tool with informal carers of people with dementia in New Zealand.

AIMS To evaluate the validity of the COPE index (CI) carer assessment tool within a study exploring perceptions of carer support, health, and wellbeing. To assess the utility and acceptability of the CI with health practitioners and informal carers of people with dementia, following the European COPE protocol. METHODS Research interviews (one pre- and two post-CI assessment) recorded demographic characteristics of carer (n = 45) and care recipient, formal (service) and informal support use and satisfaction, self-reported health, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30), Burden Interview, Caregiver Competence, and Personal Gain. COPE Index assessment was undertaken by referring health practitioners (n = 12). RESULTS Construct validity of the CI compared positively with findings reported in the literature. Psychological morbidity in carers (33%) was often undiagnosed; 19% of carers presented a more positive perception of their health to the health practitioner than to the researcher; diagnosis of care recipients was not always clear to carers (25%). COPE Index assessment improved both communication and understanding of carers' needs and was evaluated positively by most carers and health practitioners. CONCLUSIONS The COPE Index is an easily administered and generally acceptable tool that may be useful for initiating more comprehensive assessment of dementia carers' needs.
Conservative hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma of cirrhotic patients.

We evaluated in retrospect the applicability of conservative hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of cirrhotic patients. Eighty (14.6%) of 548 patients with HCC underwent liver resection over a period of 10 years in this hospital. They were divided into two groups according to surgical procedures. In group I, 22 patients underwent major hepatic resection, and in group II, 58 patients underwent conservative liver resection. The operative mortality for patients in group I was 13.6% while it was 3.5% for those in group II. The difference was significant (p<0.05). The five-year survival rate was 22% for patients in group I, while it was 21% for group II patients. The rate of HCC recurrence was 47.4% for group I patients while it was 57.1% for group II patients. The difference was not significant. The tumor-free survival rates at 6-, 12-, 24- and 36-months were 80%, 75%, 55% and 55% respectively for patients in group I, while they were 50%, 42.5%, 42.5% and 42.5% for patients in group II. It suggested that conservative liver resection was associated with early recurrence of HCC. But the difference of mean tumor-free survival time is not significant (35.82+/-5.47 vs 38.63+/-8.05 months, p>0.05). Using Cox's regression analysis, the presence of Child's B was identified as an independent adverse prognostic factor (p=0.000) for long-term survival. The factors associated with poor tumor-free survival rate were Child's classification (p=0.008), metastasis (p=0.021), liver cirrhosis (p=0.039) and tumor size (p=0.054). By evaluating the operative mortality, long-term survival rate, prognostic factors for cumulative survival time and tumor-free survival time, it suggests that conservative liver resection can be selectively used to treat HCC associated with liver cirrhosis.
Awards as non-monetary incentives

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to shed light on a widely used yet scarcely investigated form of incentive, awards. The paper seeks to explore, first, whether awards can be used to motivate higher performance in academia and volunteering, and second, how often and in what forms awards are in actual fact being used in the voluntary sector. Design/methodology/approach - – The paper combines a theoretical analysis with various analytical methods, including a new matching technique, randomization in the field, and the survey approach. Findings - – Awards have the potential to substantially increase performance, yet they are less frequently used in the Swiss voluntary sector than theory suggests. Research limitations/implications - – The focus lies on awards in academia and the voluntary sector. Future research should investigate awards in other fields, e.g. the for-profit or the cultural sector. It should also assess their use in other countries to facilitate cross-country comparisons. The effects on non-recipients and the public at large are another area worth investigating. Practical implications - – Practitioners are encouraged to consider awards as an important motivational instrument, which could be integrated more explicitly and more widely in the volunteer management systems of Swiss non-profit organizations. Originality/value - – This contribution analyzes a widely used yet scarcely investigated form of incentive, awards. originality/value derives naturally from this observation.
Integration and differentiation of neural information dissociate between conscious percepts

At any given moment, we experience a perceptual scene as a single whole and yet we may distinguish a variety of objects within it. This characteristic of perception instantiates two general properties of phenomenological experience: integration and differentiation. While integration is the property of experiencing a collection of objects as a unitary percept, differentiation is the property of experiencing these objects as different percepts. Little is known about how these two phenomenological properties are dynamically indexed by the brain in terms of information processing. Here we evaluated the dynamics of neural information underlying phenomenological integration and differentiation in bistable perception. Participants listened to auditory bistable stimuli, a sequence of tones experienced either as a –single– integrated percept (phenomenological integration) or as two –parallel– differentiated percepts (phenomenological differentiation). We computed neurophysiological indices of information integration and information differentiation with electroencephalographic and direct cortical recordings in human participants. We focused specifically on the gamma-band dynamics within the frontoparietal network, commonly implicated in conscious processing. In electrical recordings at the scalp and intracranially, the phenomenologically integrated percept generated an increase in neural information integration and a decrease in differentiation between frontal and parietal regions, whereas the opposite pattern was observed for the phenomenologically differentiated percept. This effect was not observed in the auditory control task. Furthermore, this dissociation was not observed when computing traditional measures of neural oscillatory integration (phase synchronization) within the same frontoparietal network and frequency range. However, this frontoparietal phase synchrony was able to distinguish between a stable perceptual window and the transitional period between the two percepts. These theoretically-motivated neural indices of information dynamics dissociated phenomenological integration and differentiation that indices of oscillatory dynamics did not. By incorporating theoretically motivated measures of information theory in the characterization of perceptual content, we contribute to the construction of a testable framework to investigate the neuroscience of conscious experience.
The protein phosphatase 4 complex promotes the Notch pathway and wingless transcription

ABSTRACT The Wnt/Wingless (Wg) pathway controls cell fate specification, tissue differentiation and organ development across organisms. Using an in vivo RNAi screen to identify novel kinase and phosphatase regulators of the Wg pathway, we identified subunits of the serine threonine phosphatase Protein Phosphatase 4 (PP4). Knockdown of the catalytic and regulatory subunits of PP4 cause reductions in the Wg pathway targets Senseless and Distal-less. We find that PP4 regulates the Wg pathway by controlling Notch-driven wg transcription. Genetic interaction experiments identified that PP4 likely promotes Notch signaling within the nucleus of the Notch-receiving cell. Although the PP4 complex is implicated in various cellular processes, its role in the regulation of Wg and Notch pathways was previously uncharacterized. Our study identifies a novel role of PP4 in regulating Notch pathway, resulting in aberrations in Notch-mediated transcriptional regulation of the Wingless ligand. Furthermore, we show that PP4 regulates proliferation independent of its interaction with Notch. Summary: The protein phosphatase 4 complex promotes Notch signaling and target gene expression during Drosophila wing development.
Prediction of Sea Surface Temperature Using Long Short-Term Memory

This letter adopts long short-term memory (LSTM) to predict sea surface temperature (SST), and makes short-term prediction, including one day and three days, and long-term prediction, including weekly mean and monthly mean. The SST prediction problem is formulated as a time series regression problem. The proposed network architecture is composed of two kinds of layers: an LSTM layer and a full-connected dense layer. The LSTM layer is utilized to model the time series relationship. The full-connected layer is utilized to map the output of the LSTM layer to a final prediction. The optimal setting of this architecture is explored by experiments and the accuracy of coastal seas of China is reported to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. The prediction accuracy is also tested on the SST anomaly data. In addition, the model’s online updated characteristics are presented.
Comparison of the results of a modified miniscreen and the standard bacterial reverse mutation assays

The bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) provides a rapid assessment of the mutagenic potential of chemicals. The assay is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry for early assessment during candidate compound selection and for regulatory drug submissions. Early in development, many candidate compounds are available in only very small quantities. The use of the standard plate incorporation bacterial reverse mutation assay for screening, using only a single petri plate per concentration, requires the use of approximately 140 mg of test compound to test up to a stock concentration of 100 mg/ml (5000 μg/plate) in five strains of bacteria. A modification of the existing Ames Miniscreen assay has been developed using six‐well cell‐culture dishes that requires only 21 mg of compound to test a stock concentration of up to 100 mg/ml (2000 μg/well) in three strains of bacteria. The standard plate incorporation assay and the modified Miniscreen assays conducted on proprietary compounds without and with metabolic activation have yielded a high degree of concordance in findings. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 36:72–77, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.