Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of the sawfly genus Empria (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) in Japan

Abstract The following eleven Empria species are reported from Japan: Empria candidata (Fallén, 1808), Empria japonica Heidemaa & Prous, 2011, Empria liturata (Gmelin, 1790), Empria loktini Ermolenko, 1971, Empria plana (Jakowlew, 1891), Empria quadrimaculata Takeuchi, 1952, Empria rubicola Ermolenko, 1971, Empria tridens (Konow, 1896), Empria tridentis Lee & Ryu, 1996, Empria honshuana Prous & Heidemaa, sp. n. , and Empria takeuchii Prous & Heidemaa, sp. n. The lectotypes of Poecilosoma pallipes Matsumura, 1912, Empria itelmena Malaise, 1931, Tenthredo candidata Fallén, 1808, and Tenthredo (Poecilostoma) hybrida Erichson, 1851 are designated. Empria itelmena Malaise, 1931, syn. n. is synonymized with Empria plana (Jakowlew, 1891). Poecilosoma pallipes Matsumura, 1912, previously assigned to Empria, is transferred to Monsoma, creating Monsoma pallipes (Matsumura, 1912), comb. n. Results of phylogenetic analyses using mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (ITS1 and ITS2) sequences are also provided.
Educational inequalities in avoidable mortality in Europe

Background The magnitude of educational inequalities in mortality avoidable by medical care in 16 European populations was compared, and the contribution of inequalities in avoidable mortality to educational inequalities in life expectancy in Europe was determined. Methods Mortality data were obtained for people aged 30–64 years. For each country, the association between level of education and avoidable mortality was measured with the use of regression-based inequality indexes. Life table analysis was used to calculate the contribution of avoidable causes of death to inequalities in life expectancy between lower and higher educated groups. Results Educational inequalities in avoidable mortality were present in all countries of Europe and in all types of avoidable causes of death. Especially large educational inequalities were found for infectious diseases and conditions that require acute care in all countries of Europe. Inequalities were larger in Central Eastern European (CEE) and Baltic countries, followed by Northern and Western European countries, and smallest in the Southern European regions. This geographic pattern was present in almost all types of avoidable causes of death. Avoidable mortality contributed between 11 and 24% to the inequalities in Partial Life Expectancy between higher and lower educated groups. Infectious diseases and cardiorespiratory conditions were the main contributors to this difference. Conclusions Inequalities in avoidable mortality were present in all European countries, but were especially pronounced in CEE and Baltic countries. These educational inequalities point to an important role for healthcare services in reducing inequalities in health.
Displacement Estimation Using Multimetric Data Fusion

While displacement is valuable information for the structural behavior, measuring displacements from large civil structures is often challenging and costly. To overcome difficulties found in direct measurements such as using linear variable differential transformer and LASER-based methods, indirect displacement estimation approaches are alternatively developed. Such indirect approaches in general rely on acceleration or strain that is relatively cost effective and convenient to measure. However, these measurements have own characteristics that limit wider application of the indirect estimation. For example, as the double integration of acceleration results in the low-frequency drift in the estimated displacement, high-pass filters are often used to suppress the drift, assuming displacements are close to a zero mean process; strain is difficult to use for high-frequency modes. These types of limitations can be resolved by the fusion of different types of measurements. This study develops an indirect displacement estimation method based on the multimetric data (i.e., acceleration and strain) that can estimate nonzero mean, dynamic displacements. The proposed approach is numerically validated, showing better estimation than the single measurement-based methods. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed approach is verified using dynamic response data measured from the Sorok Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge in Korea.
Investor Sentiment Influence on the Risk-Reward Relation in the Taiwan Stock Market

We examine the influence of investor sentiment on the risk-reward relationship in the Taiwan stock market. Regression results show that the risk-reward relationship is weakly positive (significantly negative) under low (high) levels of investor sentiment. Granger causality tests indicate unidirectional, not bidirectional, causal relationships. Moreover, the negative return-variance relationship is more strongly characteristic of the over-the-counter index than of the Taiwan Stock Exchange weighted index, indicating that an unreasonable risk-reward trade-off may be more prevalent in emerging markets than in mature markets. Finally, the Wald test demonstrates that industry effects on the risk-reward relationship may be negligible.
Liquidity and the informational efficiency of African stock markets

The hypothesis that a stock market price index follows a random walk is tested for 11 African stock markets, Botswana, Cote d’Ivoire, Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Tunisia and Zimbabwe using joint variance ratio tests with finite-sample critical values, over the period beginning in January 2000 and ending in September 2006. The iid random walk hypothesis is rejected in all 11 markets. In four stock markets, Egypt, Nigeria, Tunisia and South Africa, weekly returns are a martingale difference sequence. Liquidity is an important factor which contributes to whether a stock market follows a random walk.
‘Managing’ Reductions in Working Hours: A Study of Work-time and Leisure Preferences in UK Industry

This paper, which is predicated on the view that reductions in work-time are generally desirable, explores the working hours of managers and professionals in UK industry. Managers and professionals are often grouped together in empirical and theoretical work, e.g. in the literature on the professional-managerial class, and Goldthorpe's ‘Service Class’. Nevertheless, there are differences: professionals, historically, are autonomous workers; the role of managers, in contrast, is to extract work from others on behalf of the organisation. Using data collected from the 2005 Labour Force Survey we establish there are statistically significant empirical differences between managers and professionals; one of these differences is in attitudes to work-time. We theorise that this is because managers' roles align their attitudes with those desired by the firm or organisation, and we conclude that, as a consequence, the ‘voluntary’ nature of work-time regulation should be revisited.
Supporting newly hired nurses: a program to increase knowledge and confidence while fostering relationships among the team.

BACKGROUND It is important for newly hired nurses to be supported throughout their first year of employment by nurse leaders on their team. Newly hired nurses struggle with application of new clinical skills and critical thinking skills as well as integrating into unit culture. PROGRAM DESIGN The Post Orientation Education Program (POEP) provided 18 newly hired nurses with clinical knowledge and support through one-on-one meetings with the nurse leaders on their unit. The nurse leaders discussed common diagnoses, laboratory tests, and medications in addition to providing support to the newly hired nurses as they adapted to the newness of nursing. Early in their career the newly hired nurses developed relationships with the leadership team that may have taken longer if not for the POEP. The program gave the newly hired nurses an opportunity to experience different teaching styles of the nurse leaders and offered them the chance to engage in conversations about both clinical and nonclinical information. OUTCOMES The program was evaluated through pre/post tests and written evaluations. Evaluations revealed increased knowledge about common diagnoses, increased confidence in role, and the development of trusting relationships with the leadership team. CONCLUSION The newly hired nurses valued the time that they spent with the leadership team as it helped them to integrate into the unit and feel comfortable using the leaders as resources for patient care. The POEP proved to be a program that impacted not only relationships among the team, but it increased retention and quality of patient care as the nurses felt supported by the team, knowledgeable about the care they were delivering and confident in their ability to seek out resources. A program like the POEP could be adapted to various healthcare settings based on individual needs of the team.
Wish you were here: managing absence

Management texts abound on how to develop effective techniques to manage absence, but what actually happens in practice? Aims to shed light on how organisations try to cope with the “problem”. Examines the practices of seven companies from three sectors (financial services, retail, and manufacturing) and has drawn upon the views and opinions of personnel practitioners, line managers, occupational health advisers as well as employees themselves. Focuses on how organisations are addressing the issue of absence and the organisational factors which make up the day‐to‐day policing of absence levels. Three themes are relevant to the context of this study. First, when is absence perceived to be a problem? Second, how do companies manage absence and do line managers view the management of absence as being within the remit of their responsibilities? Finally, the issue of negotiated discipline is considered. How are rules applied in practice?
Etiology and outcomes for patients infected with HIV in intensive care units in a tertiary care hospital in China

Although the National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program (NFATP) has resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of AIDS‐defining illnesses in China, severe complications in patients infected with HIV may require aggressive treatment and critical care support. The objective for this study was to investigate the etiology and outcomes of patients infected with HIV admitted to intensive care units in Ditan Hospital, China. The evaluation of the etiology and outcomes of patients infected with HIV admitted to intensive care units was conducted using the clinical data from 122 patients infected with HIV (129 occasions) admitted to the Beijing Ditan hospital from January 1, 2009, to October 1, 2013. Over the five‐year study period, 129 occasions occurred for 122 patients infected with HIV admitted to intensive care units. Respiratory failure was the most common condition (53.4%) among the 129 occasions analyzed. This was followed by pneumothorax (12.4%), infectious shock (8.5%), neurological problems (8.5%), renal failure (7.8%), post‐operative complications and trauma (5.4%), coronary heart disease (3.1%), adverse effects of HAART (3.1%), lymphoma (2.4%), and liver failure (0.8%). Mortality in intensive care units was 64.5% while in‐hospital mortality was 65.9%. The strongest protective predictor for in‐hospital mortality was earlier admission to an intensive care unit (OR = 0.050, CI = 0.020–0.126, P < 0.001). Respiratory failure was the most common condition in patients infected with HIV admitted to intensive care units, and the outcome for the patients was poor. Mortality was negatively associated with earlier admission to an intensive care unit, but was not associated with HAART. J. Med. Virol. 87:366–374, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The impact of personalization and complaint handling on customer loyalty

The main objective is to determine the impacts of personalization, service quality and complaint handling on the satisfaction and loyalty of current account holders with Chilean banks. Information on these impacts would help bank executives responsible for managing resources to improve offerings that secure customer loyalty. A conceptual model based on criteria found in a literature survey and data from bank customer focus groups is formulated. A personal survey measuring instrument is designed and a structural equation model is applied. This paper offers a methodology for measuring the effects of personalization, complaint handling and perceived quality on the satisfaction and loyalty of current account customers at banks. The measurement of these impacts has not been previously attempted for the Chilean banking sector and should prove useful to industry managers in their decision-making processes. The model results demonstrate that perceived quality and personalization of service, and, to a lesser but still significant degree, good complaint handling, positively impact customer satisfaction and through it customer loyalty. Our findings would be useful to Chilean banking executives in focussing their actions, strategies and loyalty programs to improve the long-term continuity of customers with their respective banks. Key words: Personalization, perceived quality, complaint handling, satisfaction, loyalty.
Conjunctive effects of reward and behavioral episodes on hippocampal place‐differential neurons of rats on a mobile treadmill

Previous studies reported context (or behavior)‐dependent activities of hippocampal place cells, which are suggested to be the neural basis of episodic memory. However, it remains unclear what distinctive items these context‐dependent activities encode. We investigated separately the effects of space, locomotion, and episodes with positive/negative reinforcements on activity of place‐differential neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area. Rats were placed on a treadmill affixed to a motion stage translocated along a figure 8‐shaped track. The track could be navigated by two different routes that shared a common central stem. The stage was paused at the start and end of the routes, where conditioned response tasks with different reinforcements were imposed. As the rats passed the common central stem, some neurons fired differently depending on the route. Comparison of hippocampal spatial firing patterns across different conditions with and without treadmill operation and/or the tasks indicated that these route‐dependent spatial firing patterns were sensitive to locomotion, the tasks, and vestibular sensation or visual cues such as optic flow. The results suggest that external sensory inputs, path integration, and reinforcement context are all integrated in the hippocampus, which might provide the neural basis of episodic memory. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predicting Subsequent Decline in Kidney Allograft Function from Early Surveillance Biopsies

Identifying factors that are predictive of allograft loss might be an important step toward prolonging kidney allograft survival. In this study we sought to determine the association between histologic changes on 1‐year surveillance biopsies, changes in graft function and survival. This analysis included 292 adults, recipients of kidneys from living donors (69%) or deceased donors (31%), transplanted between 1998 and 2001 and followed up for 46 ± 14 months. The primary end point was death‐censored graft loss or a >50% reduction in GFR beyond 1 year. One‐year biopsies were classified as: (i) Normal (N = 87, 30%), (ii) inflammation (N = 6, 2%), (iii) fibrosis (N = 131, 45%), (iv) fibrosis and inflammation (N = 53, 18%) and (v) transplant glomerulopathy (N = 15, 5%). By multivariate Cox analysis, survival related to biopsy classification (HR = 4.2, p = 0.001), graft function (HR = 0.97, p = 0.001) and HLA mismatches (HR = 1.003, p = 0.004). Using normal histology as a reference, fibrosis and inflammation (HR = 8.5, p < 0.0001) and glomerulopathy (HR = 10, p < 0.0001) related to poorer survival but mild fibrosis alone did not. Importantly, the degree of inflammation associated with fibrosis generally did not qualify for the diagnosis of borderline rejection. In conclusion, inflammation and glomerulopathy 1 year post‐transplant predict loss of graft function and graft failure independently of function and other variables.
From ships to leaderships - the leadership of maritimeeducation and training (MET) institutions in theUnited Kingdom

This research explicates the leadership of maritime education and training (MET) in the United Kingdom (UK). It explores how a sample of MET leaders made the transition from a professional or seafaring role into maritime education and thence to educational leadership. Twenty UK MET leaders were interviewed in a survey. Framed against a theoretical exposition of educational leadership, the respondents were asked about: their life experiences; significant people and critical incidents encountered; their move from seafaring to education and the transition between sectors; their current roles as educational leaders; and their training, personal development and styles of leadership. The findings from this sample reveal extraordinary, multi-faceted and relentless pressure on MET leaders. Career advancement is mostly serendipitous with little formal leadership development. There is scant evidence that reflective leadership is encouraged or practiced. Life experiences, and persons encountered, were significant, though the impact of critical incidents was less noteworthy. This study has closed gaps in vocational educational research. It enhances our understanding of the transition from seafaring to education and suggests the development of programmes specific to MET leadership. It will help aspiring MET leaders in their decision-making and, also, those responsible for designing personal and organisational development interventions.
Customer Relationship Management and Citizenship: Technologies and Identities in Public Services

UK public services are characterised by a tension between a model of the service user as a customer of public services and a model which envisages the user as a citizen. Drawing on empirical work in one local authority, we argue that in this tension the model of the customer is bolstered by the availability of ‘shrink wrapped’ or ‘black boxed’ IT-based ‘solutions’, available under the rubric of Customer Relationship Management. We argue that those who advocate the citizen perspective need to engage at this material and technological level if they are to be effective.
Exploring the moderating effect of gender in the relationship between individuals' aspirations and career success among engineers in Peru

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between career success and individual career aspirations for engineers, and to test whether this differs according to gender. The primary hypothesis in this research is that gender does make a significant difference. Design/methodological/approach: The sample consists of 1011 engineers who graduated from a prestigious Peruvian college between 1998 and 2005. Female graduates constituted only 4% of the sample, which is similar to the national statistics for engineers in Peru during this period. The relationships were primarily tested using multiple regression and structural equation modelling analyses. Findings: Findings show a positive relationship between individual career aspirations and career success for men, but not necessarily for women; this supports the hypothesis that gender moderates this relationship. Females seek more secure career orientation than their male counterparts. In addition, females have shown that their career success is more related to feminine themes such as achieving ‘work–family balance’. The findings are in line with previously published results in other countries in which female engineers have career orientations with a preference for a balance between work and family as well as work stability. Research limitations/implications: The sample is limited to graduates from a single Peruvian college of engineering. Although the sample has similar demographic characteristic to a national population, a more heterogeneous sample is called for in a future research. Moreover, additional moderators should be incorporated, such as family background, residency (large urban cities vs. small villages) and perhaps other variables. Practical implications: Results can help Human Resource Managers to design better career plans, which consider gender in defining policies for the attraction and retention of competent female engineers.
Interleukin-12 p40 Secretion by Cutaneous CD11c+ and F4/80+ Cells Is a Major Feature of the Innate Immune Response in Mice That Develop Th1-Mediated Protective Immunity to Schistosomamansoni

ABSTRACT Radiation-attenuated (RA) schistosome larvae are potent stimulators of innate immune responses at the skin site of exposure (pinna) that are likely to be important factors in the development of Th1-mediated protective immunity. In addition to causing an influx of neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs) into the dermis, RA larvae induced a cascade of chemokine and cytokine secretion following in vitro culture of pinna biopsy samples. While macrophage inflammatory protein 1α and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were produced transiently within the first few days, the Th1-promoting cytokines IL-12 and IL-18 were secreted at high levels until at least day 14. Assay of C3H/HeJ mice confirmed that IL-12 secretion was not due to lipopolysaccharide contaminants binding Toll-like receptor 4. Significantly, IL-12 p40 secretion was sustained in pinnae from vaccinated mice but not in those from nonprotected infected mice. In contrast, IL-10 was produced from both vaccinated and infected mice. This cytokine regulates IL-12-associated dermal inflammation, since in vaccinated IL-10−/− mice, pinna thickness was greatly increased concurrent with elevated levels of IL-12 p40. A significant number of IL-12 p40+ cells were detected as emigrants from in vitro-cultured pinnae, and most were within a population of rare large granular cells that were Ia+, consistent with their being antigen-presenting cells. Labeling of IL-12+ cells for CD11c, CD205, CD8α, CD11b, and F4/80 indicated that the majority were myeloid DCs, although a proportion were CD11c− F4/80+, suggesting that macrophages were an additional source of IL-12 in the skin.
Error analysis of extracted tongue contours from 2d ultrasound images

The goal of this study was to characterize errors involved in obtaining midsagittal tongue contours from two-dimensional ultrasound image sequences. Toward that end, two basic experiments were conducted. First, manual tongue contours were obtained from 1,145 tongue ultrasound images recorded from four speakers during production of the sentence ‘I owe you a yoyo’, and the uncertainty associated with the contours was quantified. Second, tongue contours from the same images were obtained using the EdgeTrak, TongueTrack, and AutoTrace algorithms, and these were compared quantitatively with the manual tongue contours. Three basic error types associated with the tongue contours are identified, indicating areas in need of improvement in future algorithmic developments. Depending on the speaker, RMS errors for the algorithmically obtained contours ranged from 1.76 to 7.11 mm, and the standard deviation of manual contours ranged from 0.97 to 2.07 mm.
Forecasting Cigarette Consumption: The Causal Model Approach

The “causal model” approach to business forecasting attempts to discover, mainly on the basis of economic knowledge, those variables which appear to have influenced the forecast variable in the past, and then estimates by econometric methods the quantitative relationship between the causal and forecast variables. Future values of the forecast variable are then obtained by using forecasts of the causal variables in conjunction with the estimated relationship.
The case for a coordinated policy mix of wage-led recovery and public investment in the G20

A coordinated mix of polices in the G20 targeted to increase the share of wages in GDP by 1%-5% in the next 5 years and to raise public investment in social and physical infrastructure by 1% of GDP in each country can create up to 5.84% more growth in G20 countries – compared to business as usual.