Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of Atherosclerosis markers changes after HIIT and ginger consumption in response to acute exercise in overweight women.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ten weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with ginger supplementation on the systemic inflammatory response to acute HIIT exercise.Twenty four sedentary overweight women randomly assigned into three groups’ including HIIT + ginger (n=8), HIIT + placebo (n=8) and ginger (n=8). Sixteen women performed ten weeks of HIIT while the supplement consuming groups daily took 3 gm. of ginger pills and the HIIT + placebo group took placebo. Serum samples were collected at rest and immediately post-acute exercise, before and after the training. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA, paired t test, one-way ANOVA and post hoc benferoni were used to analyze data. Results indicated that three groups similarly affect the Monocyte Chemo tactic proetein-1 (MCP-1), Interlukine-10 (IL-10) changes in response to acute exercise (p>0.05) but showed significant increase in intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in HIIT + placebo group in comparison with HIIT + ginger group (p=0.02) in second acute exercise. The combination of HIIT and ginger consumption may induce a modest inflammatory attenuation of atherosclerosis factors in response to acute exercise and improvement in Vo2max and PBF results rather than ginger and training alone, in young sedentary overweight women.
Pre-Hospital Decision Process and Prognosis in Men and Women with Coronary Heart Disease

The overall aim of this thesis was to describe experiences, strategies and actions in the prehospital phase among patients with a first acute myocardial infarction and to examine long-term trends in survival among patients with coronary heart disease. The thesis consists of two qualitative and two quantitative studies. Interviews were conducted with 21 men and 17 women, experiencing symptoms from a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and analyzed with Grounded Theory. Two national prospective cohort studies were performed by using the Swedish Inpatient register (IPR). From this, prognosis for 37,276 adult patients 18 years who underwent a first coronary artery bypass (CABG) 1987-2006 could be estimated. During the decision process, various spectra of bodily changes were described in both men and women, sometimes over an extended period before submission to hospital. Intermittent, vague and insidious symptoms caused confusion about how to act. Vague symptoms sometimes experienced by the men did not match their preconception of typical symptoms in a myocardial infarction. To come to an understanding they compared with their past experiences which led to an awareness of the abnormality, the severity and the need for contact medical attention. The women usually attributed their symptoms to harmless conditions and struggled to continue with their responsibilities in their daily lives. Intensified symptoms made the women unable to perform their daily task and they could no longer maintain earlier explanations for their discomfort which contributed to an understanding for the need of professional help. Sometimes, when men and women sought medical attention for their discomfort, and had no objective signs of an AMI they were dismissed, with no diagnosis, which caused a hesitation to contact medical care once again. This emphasizes that health care professionals have to pay more attention to the patient’s narrative. In the quantitative part of the thesis younger men with a first AMI had a 2 to 4-fold risk for mortality compared to men in the same age in the general population while women had a 6 to 14-fold risk during the last study period (2002-2006). Survival increased during the study period in men. In women there was a favorable trend in survival until the last period 2002-2006 but survival then reverted to that in the second period (1992-1996) in the last period. Men and women ≥55 years surviving the first 30 days after CABG (coronary artery bypass grafting) showed a lower mortality risk than those in the general population and showed a decreasing trend in mortality during the study period. Women below the age of 55 showed no significant improvement in survival and had a 4-fold risk for mortality compared to women in the same age in the general population. Men <55 displayed improved survival, which was higher than that for men in the general population.
Spatial Decomposition of Poverty in Rural Nigeria: Shapley Decomposition Approach

Poverty is largely a rural phenomenon in sub-Saharan Africa. The contribution of mean income and inequality to spatial variations in rural poverty were investigated in this study using the 2003/04 National Living Standard Survey by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Shapley Decomposition (SD) techniques. Results showed that across the GPZs, the contribution of mean income to poverty was higher than inequality (Ly) for both P 0 and P 1 . The contribution of mean income to severity of poverty (P 2 ) was higher than Ly in North-East (µ = -0.0530; Ly = -0.0334); North-West (µ = -0.0844; Ly =0.0429); South-East (µ = 0.0505; Ly = 0.0136); South-South (µ=0.0254; Ly=0.0048); South-West (µ = 0.0450; Ly = 0.0201). However, inequality contributed more than mean income in North-Central (µ = -0.0184; Ly = 0.0240). The marginal contribution of within-GPZs inequality to poverty indices were higher than between-GPZs inequality. Keywords: Poverty, inequality, decomposition, Shapley and rural
Effect of synthesis route on the microstructure of SiO2 doped bismuth titanate ceramics

Synthesis and characterization of SiO 2 doped bismuth titanate ceramics were investigated. Four investigated compositions belonging to the system Bi 2 O 3 -TiO 2 -SiO 2 are located in the section Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 -SiO 2 , near by it and in the binary Bi 2 O 3 -TiO 2 system. Melt quenching was applied for synthesis of SiO 2 doped bismuth titanate ceramics and for the sample 40Bi 2 O 3 ·60TiO 2 . The binary sample 70Bi 2 O 3 ·30TiO 2 is prepared by gradient heating of bulk materials near the liquidus temperature (modified solid state reaction). The influence of the thermal treatment on the phase formation and microstructure was evaluated using XRD, EDS and SEM. The binary samples prepared by solid state reaction at low temperature (1000°C) possess poly-phased dense microstructure, while secondary crystallization combined with porosity formation is typical for the sample obtained at high temperature (1150°C). The ternary Bi 2 O 3 -TiO 2 -SiO 2 samples, obtained by supercooling of the melts down to room temperature, are thermally treated at 700, 800°C. They consist of elongated crystals in amorphous matrix. The crystals have lower Bi 2 O 3 -content and higher TiO 2 -content than the nominal batch composition. The XRD data show that the main crystalline phases in the ceramics produced by melt quenching method and solid state reaction are β-Bi 2 O 3 , Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 and one unknown new phase. It is proved that the applied methods of synthesis are suitable for generation of different microstructures in the bulk SiO 2 doped bismuth titanate ceramics, which is promising basis for modification of their electrical properties.
EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN GERAKAN LITERASI SEKOLAH (GLS) DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH WIROBRAJAN 3 KOTA YOGYAKARTA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi program gerakan literasi sekolah di SD Muhammadiyah Wirobrajan 3 Yogyakarta, yang meliputi: (1) konteks: tujuan GLS dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa; (2) Input: kegiatan siswa dan sarana prasarana; (3) Proses; faktor pendukung dan penghambat; (4) Produk: minat baca dan keaktifan siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluatif dengan model CIPP dan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru, dan siswa. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah implementasi GLS di SD Muhammadiyah Wirobrajan 3. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif yang terdiri dari reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) hasil konteks, tujuan GLS yang diterapkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa; (2) hasil input, beberapa kegiatan siswa yaitu ekstrakurikuler, kelas berbintang, KBM, dan sarana prasarana cukup lengkap dan dalam kondisi baik; (3) hasil proses, faktor pendukung diantaranya siswa, guru, karyawan, orang tua, dan Kemendikbud. Faktor penghambatnya SDM di sekolah belum maksimal; (4) Perubahan siswa semenjak adanya GLS adalah motivasi membaca siswa semakin meningkat, adanya jurnalistik siswa, karakter siswa semakin baik dengan menerapkan 5S (senyum, salam, sapa, sopan, dan santun).
Chemical vapor deposition of diamond on an adamantane-coated sapphire substrate

Continuous diamond thin films can be grown on sapphire substrates by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition utilizing a pretreatment of adamantane dip coating on the substrate for enhanced nucleation. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy show that 〈111〉 oriented diamond films of good crystallinity can be deposited on adamantane-coated sapphire substrates. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy at the diamond/sapphire interface shows that diamond can be directly synthesized on sapphire without any interlayer.
Macroeconomic Effects of Public Education Expenditure

This article studies the growth and welfare effects of public education spending in the USA for the post-war period. We calibrate a standard dynamic general equilibrium model, where human capital is the engine of long-run endogenous growth. Our results suggest that while increases in public education spending raise growth, these increases are not necessarily welfare promoting. Welfare gains however can be realized if increases in public education spending are accompanied by changes in the government tax-spending mix. (JEL codes: H52, E62) Copyright , Oxford University Press.
Surface wave generation due to glacier calving

Abstract Coastal glaciers reach the ocean in a spectacular process called ‘calving’. Immediately after calving, the impulsive surface waves are generated, sometimes of large height. These waves are particularly dangerous for vessels sailing close to the glacier fronts. The paper presents a theoretical model of surface wave generation due to glacier calving. To explain the wave generation process, four case studies of ice blocks falling into water are discussed: a cylindrical ice block of small thickness impacting on water, an ice column sliding into water without impact, a large ice block falling on to water with a pressure impulse, and an ice column becoming detached from the glacier wall and falling on to the sea surface. These case studies encompass simplified, selected modes of the glacier calving, which can be treated in a theoretical way. Example calculations illustrate the predicted time series of surface elevations for each mode of glacier calving.
Chromosomal Abnormalities in 238 Couples with Recurrent Miscarriages in Morocco

Purpose: A proportion of cases with repeated abortion are caused by chromosomal abnormality in one of the parents. The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency and nature of chromosomal aberrations that contribute to the occurrence of recurrent miscarriages. Several studies have been done to determine the role of chromosomal abnormalities in couples with recurrent spontaneous abortion in various countries. None of these studies was done in Morocco. Material and Methods: Cytogenetic study was done for 238 Moroccan couples who presented with repeated abortion at the Institut Pasteur, Casablanca, Morocco. Results: We found that the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities was not significantly different from that reported worldwide. Chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 13 (6.1%) of 238 couples. twelve of chromosomal abnormalities were structural and one of them were numerical. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of constitutional cytogenetic exploration of couples with a history of repeated spontaneous abortion. Cytogenetic findings could provide valuable information for genetic counseling and allow monitoring of future pregnancies by prenatal diagnosis in couples with a history of recurrent miscarriage.
Applying the structure‐conduct‐performance framework in the media industry analysis

Abstract This article reviews the application of the Industrial Organization (10) framework of Structure‐Conduct‐Performance (S‐C‐P) in media market research. The constructs and premises of this economic model are restated, and the orthodox economic notions of market performance and the logic that underlies the model are clarified. Alongside these elucidations, this article discusses common conceptualizations and interpretations found in media market studies. Media issues such as content diversity and media concentration, which are often studied through the S‐C‐P approach, are also re‐examined. These deliberations are intended to contribute toward a more consistent framework for the study of media industries and markets.
Resolution dependence of precipitation statistical fidelity in hindcast simulations

Numerous studies have shown that atmospheric models with high horizontal resolution better represent the physics and statistics of precipitation in climate models. While it is abundantly clear from these studies that high‐resolution increases the rate of extreme precipitation, it is not clear whether these added extreme events are “realistic”; whether they occur in simulations in response to the same forcings that drive similar events in reality. In order to understand whether increasing horizontal resolution results in improved model fidelity, a hindcast‐based, multiresolution experimental design has been conceived and implemented: the InitiaLIzed‐ensemble, Analyze, and Develop (ILIAD) framework. The ILIAD framework allows direct comparison between observed and simulated weather events across multiple resolutions and assessment of the degree to which increased resolution improves the fidelity of extremes. Analysis of 5 years of daily 5 day hindcasts with the Community Earth System Model at horizontal resolutions of 220, 110, and 28 km shows that: (1) these hindcasts reproduce the resolution‐dependent increase of extreme precipitation that has been identified in longer‐duration simulations, (2) the correspondence between simulated and observed extreme precipitation improves as resolution increases; and (3) this increase in extremes and precipitation fidelity comes entirely from resolved‐scale precipitation. Evidence is presented that this resolution‐dependent increase in precipitation intensity can be explained by the theory of Rauscher et al. ( ), which states that precipitation intensifies at high resolution due to an interaction between the emergent scaling (spectral) properties of the wind field and the constraint of fluid continuity.
Corporate bond premia

I identify level and slope factors in corporate bond returns. I show that these two factors can explain 93% of the variation in average excess returns on corporate bonds. To show this result, I describe expected excess returns and risks as functions of characteristics of corporate bonds such as bond spreads and use a parametric characteristic-based asset pricing test. This approach allows one to test the model’s ability to explain the variation in average excess returns associated with multiple characteristics. The two factor model does well for all characteristics except equity momentum. ∗I thank my advisors John Cochrane, Lars Hansen, Ralph Koijen and Pietro Veronesi for their continuous guidance. I am grateful for comments and suggestions from Eugene Fama, Zhiguo He, Bryan Kelly, Tobias Moskowitz, Diogo Palhares, Shri Santosh, Brian Weller and participants in the Finance Workshop and Economics Dynamics working group at the University of Chicago and Development Bank of Japan. Research support from the Fama-Miller Center for Research in Finance is gratefully acknowledged. †Development Bank of Japan, University of Chicago Booth School of Business and Department of Economics. Email: ynozawa@chicagobooth.edu
Technical Efficiency of Indonesian Commercial Banks: An Application of Two-Stage DEA

This paper uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) to investigate the technical efficiency of the Indonesian commercial banks over the period 2004-2009 using intermediation approach. The analysis is conducted based on common frontier of duration of study and ownership of the banks, namely state-owned banks and private banks. Then Tobit regression model is used to examine the influence of internal factors as bank characteristics to efficiency scores. The results of DEA show that Indonesian commercial banks could improve their technical efficiency by 10.5% on average and the scale inefficiency is dominating over pure technical inefficiency. The commercial state-owned banks are showing perfect efficiency during the period of study, and proven to be more efficient compared to the commercial private banks. Finally Tobit regression is revealing that higher asset scale and liquidity risk increase the efficiency of the bank, while the profitability is on the contrary.
Effect of salinity on the life span and reproductive characteristics of brine shrimps in the salt pans at Tuticorin

Effect of salinities in the range of 20 - 170 ppt on reproductive and lifespan characteristics of Artemiafranciscana Kellog, a non endemic sexually reproducing species and A. parthenogenetica Bowen, the endemic asexual species, from salt pans of Tuticorin were studied at ambient temperature with Chlorella as feed. A.franciscana showed significantly faster rate of matura- tion and longer 'reproductive period' compared to the local species at all the tested conditions. At higher as well as lower salinities the pre-reproductive period of both the species were prolonged. The values per female of the 'broods', 'total offspring' and 'nauplii' in A.franciscana were significantly higher especially between 20 - 100 ppt. The 'brood size' of sexual and asexual species varied with salinity, the former showed higher values at 20-100 ppt and the latter at 120-170 ppt. Only sexual species produced significant cysted offspring which showed an increasing trend with higher salinities (120,145 and 170 ppt) while both the species produced maximum nauplii at lower ranges (20,45,80 and 100 ppt). The results presented may generate useful management tips to those who take up Artemia culture in saltpans of Tuticorin.
Linear flavor-wave theory for fully antisymmetric SU(N ) irreducible representations

The extension of the linear flavor-wave theory (LFWT) to fully antisymmetric irreducible representations (irreps) of $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ is presented in order to investigate the color order of $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg models in several two-dimensional geometries. The square, triangular and honeycomb lattices are considered with $m$ fermionic particles per site. We present two different methods: the first method is the generalization of the multiboson spin-wave approach to $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ which consists of associating a Schwinger boson to each state on a site. The second method adopts the Read and Sachdev bosons which are an extension of the Schwinger bosons that introduces one boson for each color and each line of the Young tableau. The two methods yield the same dispersing modes, a good indication that they properly capture the semi-classical fluctuations, but the first one leads to spurious flat modes of finite frequency not present in the second one. Both methods lead to the same physical conclusions otherwise: long-range N\'eel-type order is likely for the square lattice for $\mathrm{SU}(4)$ with two particles per site, but quantum fluctuations probably destroy order for more than two particles per site, with $N=2m$. By contrast, quantum fluctuations always lead to corrections larger than the classical order parameter for the tripartite triangular lattice (with $N=3m$) or the bipartite honeycomb lattice (with $N=2m$) for more than one particle per site, $m>1$, making the presence of color very unlikely except maybe for $m=2$ on the honeycomb lattice, for which the correction is only marginally larger than the classical order parameter.
The Role of Peer Support for Girls and Women in the STEM Pipeline : Implications for Identity and Anticipated Retention

The present study examined the role peers play in girls’ and women’s intent to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). The primary goal was to test a mediational model in which three affordances from the STEM peer climate (motivation, confidence, and belongingness) predicted girls’ and women’s identification with STEM, which in turn predicted their intent to remain in STEM. In testing the model, particular attention was paid to differences that were driven by participants’ phase of education. The sample included STEM-oriented girls and women who attended high school, college, or graduate school in the United States. Analyses carried out with path analysis supported the hypothesized mediational model. Among high school and college students, STEM peers’ influence on motivation predicted participants’ STEM identification, which in turn predicted their intent to pursue a STEM career. Similarly, among graduate students, STEM peers’ influence on confidence predicted participants’ STEM identification, which in turn predicted their intent to pursue a STEM career. As anticipated, participants’ phase of education moderated several of the paths in the model. Discussion highlights both theoretical and applied implications.
Ficotylus laselvae n. Sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Anguinidae) associated with Ficus colubrinae in Costa Rica

Ficotylus laselvae n. sp. was recovered from under the bracts of figs (syconia) of Ficus colubrinae from La Selva, Costa Rica, during a survey of nematode rainforest biodiversity and is described herein. This is only the second report of an association between the nematode suborder Tylenchina and the sycones of figs. Previous reports of most nematode associates of the sycones of figs have been from the lumen and involved transmission by female fig wasp pollinators (Agaonidae) during pollination/oviposition (e.g., Schistonchus and Parasitodiplogaster spp.). The association between F. laselvae n. sp. and Ficus colubrinae may involve an invertebrate host, but none was recovered from dissections of the bracts during this study. It is also possible that this is a rainforest understory nematode that feeds ectoparasitically in protected areas on the aerial parts of F. colubrinae. Molecular analysis using near-full-length sequences of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA genes of Ficotylus laselvae n. sp. suggests that it is a member of the suborder Tylenchina (infraorder: Tylenchomorpha; family: Anguinidae) and that the closest sequenced species is F. congestae from the lumen of sycones of Ficus congesta from Queensland, Australia. Although both nematode species are associated with figs, they are morphologically divergent, suggesting that the different micro-niches that they fill provide different selective pressures for evolution of differing morphological characters or they represent different life history morphotypes of a dicyclic genus.