Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CONCENTRATIONS OF ENERGY METABOLITES AND CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDES DURING AND AFTER BILATERAL ISCHEMIA IN THE GERBIL CEREBRAL CORTEX

Abstract— The concentrations of metabolites which reflect energy production or use (P‐creatine, ATP. ADP. 5′AMP, glucose, glycogen and lactate) and cyclic nucleotides (cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP) were measured in gerbil cortex during ischemia and recirculation. Bilateral ischemia of the gerbil brain was chosen as a model to ensure the assessment of short periods of ischemia without ambiguity. The metabolites and cyclic nucleotides were measured after, 1, 5. 20. 30 and 60 min of ischemia; and 1, 5, 30, 60 and 360 min after circulation was reestablished. The greatest changes in metabolites and cyclic nucleotides due to ischemia occurred during the 1st min; ischemia of longer duration had little further effect. However, the restoration of the metabolic profile was altered by the duration of the ischemic period. In general, the longer the period of ischemia, the slower the replenishment of high‐energy phosphate compounds and energy sources. Cyclic AMP increased 5‐ to 13‐fold during ischemia; cyclic GMP decreased to as little as one‐fifth control values 60min after occlusion. During recirculation, cyclic AMP increased as much as 100‐fold, while cyclic GMP increased up to 6‐fold. The temporal derangements in cyclic nucleotide concentrations coincide with the loss and restoration of cortical activity; a possible mechanism has been suggested.
Exploring The Relationship Between Job Stress And Organizational Commitment: A Study Of The Indian It Sector

The nature of employment in the IT industry is extremely challenging due to its commitment to high service levels and acute flexibility through resource management. The escalating workplace demands and professional aspirations of employees are responsible for making the employee work against all odds of time and potential. Since mostly for all employees, the sources of job reward remain limited to the salary only, expectation to gain early incentives and raises creates a threatening atmosphere of competition and loss of job security. The situation has given rise to the malignant stress that brings a sharp decline in the performance and a lack of commitment towards work. On one hand, where stress is understood in inverse relations with workplace wellness; organizational commitment is understood as an employee’s sense of belonging, acceptance, passion and pride towards his organization that motivates him to work actively for the interest of his organization. This understanding of work stress is seen in direct antithesis with the advantages of having a highly committed workforce. The aim of this paper is to find the relationship between employee stress and organizational commitment in order to ascertain the extent to which workplace stress can affect the commitment levels of employees in the IT sector.
Open Source Software

The paper is the sixth in a series of articles providing basic information on legal issues facing people and businesses that operate in computing-related markets focuses on open source software. The featured Web extra at http://youtu.be/8fCFrSv9cjE is an audio recording of the Computing and the Law column connected to the sixth in a series of articles providing basic information on legal issues facing people and businesses that operate in computing-related markets. In it, Computing and the Law coauthors Brian M. Gaff and Gregory J. Ploussios discuss common legal pitfalls that businesses encounter and when and why businesses should be prepared to get legal advice.
Genetic Parameters for Lean Growth Rate and Its Components in U.S. Landrace Pigs

and Implications Records on 65,536 Landrace pigs collected between 1985 and 1999 in herds on the National Swine Registry STAGES program were used to estimate additive genetic (animal), common environmental (litter), and residual variances and covariances for days to 250 lb, backfat, loin eye area, and lean growth rate. Analysis was by the REMLf90 program of I. Misztal using a multiple-trait animal model with fixed effects of contemporary group and sex and random effects of animal, litter, and residual error. Heritability estimates were 0.54, 0.39, 0.49, and 0.48 for days to 250 lb, backfat, loin eye area, and lean growth rate, respectively. Genetic correlations for lean growth rate with days to 250, backfat, and loin eye area were -0.83, -0.38, and 0.40, respectively. Phenotypic correlations for lean growth rate with days to 250 lb, backfat, and loin eye area were -0.80, -0.40, and 0.56, respectively. Litter effects were large only for days to 250 lb. Lean growth rate should be used as an important selection criteria in genetic improvement in pigs.
Morphine and Cocaine Exert Common Chronic Actions on Tyrosine Hydroxylase in Dopaminergic Brain Reward Regions

Abstract: We studied levels of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity and phosphorylation state in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) in an effort to understand better the mechanisms by which these brain reward regions are influenced by opiates and cocaine. In the VTA, chronic, but not acute, administration of either morphine or cocaine increased levels of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity by 30–40%, with no change observed in the relative phosphorylation state of the enzyme. In the NAc, chronic, but not acute, morphine and cocaine treatments decreased the phosphorylation state of tyrosine hydroxylase, without a change in its total amount. In contrast, morphine and cocaine did not regulate tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia nigra or caudate/putamen, brain regions generally not implicated in drug reward. Morphine and cocaine regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase could represent part of a common biochemical basis of morphine and cocaine addiction and craving.
A flow cytometric analysis of 23 carcinoid tumors

Twenty‐three carcinoid tumors were investigated from paraffin‐embedded tissue with flow cytometry (FCM) in order to correlate the DNA ploidy with clinical variables. DNA aneuploidy was found in ten tumors (45%) and one tumor was classified as tetraploid. Diurnal urinary excretion of 5‐hydroxy indolic acetic acid (5‐HIAA) was known to be elevated in seven of eight diploid tumors and in four of seven aneuploid carcinoids with distant metastases. Six (55%) of the diploid tumors had not given rise to metastases at the time of diagnosis, compared with three (30%) of the aneuploid tumors. Six of seven patients with an aneuploid tumor and three of five patients with a diploid tumor, observed for at least 10 years, died of the disease. It was concluded that, unlike in earlier studies with static DNA cytometry, DNA aneuploidy is common in human carcinoid tumors and may occur in tumors secreting biogenic amines.
The Importance of Being Trustworthy

The idea that nurses should be trustworthy seems to be accepted as generally unproblematic. However, being trustworthy as a nurse is complicated because of the diverse range of expectations from patients, relatives, colleagues, managers, peers, professional bodies and the institutions within which nursing takes place. Nurses are often faced with competing demands and an action perceived by some as trustworthy can be seen by others as untrustworthy. In this article some of the reasons for the importance of being trustworthy are offered together with a preliminary discussion about how being a trustworthy nurse is far from straightforward.
A Novel Transit Riders' Satisfaction Metric: Riders' Sentiments Measured from Online Social Media Data

The goal of this paper is to use an emerging data source, Twitter, and conduct sentiment analysis to evaluate transit riders' satisfaction. Transit authorities have access to vast amounts of performance metrics that measure ridership, timeliness, efficiency, safety, cleanliness, and service to name a few. These performance metrics, however, are generally one-sided; they represent the interests of the business and are not customer based. This paper recognizes the limitations of standard performance metrics and attempts to gauge transit riders' sentiment by measuring Twitter feeds. Sentiment analysis software is used to classify a population of rider's sentiment over a period of time. Conclusions are drawn from totals of positive and negative sentiment, normalized average sentiment, and the total number of Tweets collected over a time period.
Advances in Fenton and Fenton Based Oxidation Processes for Industrial Effluent Contaminants Control-A Review

The global concern about alternative water reuse techniques are increasing continuously as heavy industries such as petrochemicals and agricultures grows bigger each year. Those organic pollutants present in wastewaters which are not treatable by conventional treatment methods, are considered to be treated by stronger and more modern techniques. The presence of these organic compounds in water poses serious threat to public health since most of them are toxic, endocrine disrupting, mutagenic or potentially carcinogenic to humans, animals and aquatic life in general. Wastewaters containing these compounds are known to be high in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and low in biological oxygen demand (BOD). These nonbiodegradable molecules enter the environment predominantly through industrial activities. Traditional wastewater management methods using biological microorganisms (biodegradation) and/or physicochemical processes (flocculation, chlorination, ozonation and misc.), subsequently followed by filtration and adsorption-based separations are able to treat a majority of anthropogenicallypolluted water sources. However, no single method described above is efficient enough to produce water with legallyand practically-acceptable levels of refractory toxic chemicals. Physico-chemical techniques like flocculation, adsorption and reverse osmosis require additional post-treatments to prevent secondary disposal and contamination [1]. Wet air oxidation of effluents with >100 g/L of chemical oxygen demand (COD) generates high concentrations of toxic byproducts like dioxins and furans [2]. Direct oxidation processes are widely used to
Professional Connections between Firm and Bank: How Do They Impact Relationship Banking?

Literature has documented how social connections help reduce borrowing cost. However, a related question which would be raised first is, do connections formed through personal ties between firms and banks facilitate the establishment of firm-bank relationships? To answer this question, I focus on professional connections and construct two types of connection measures with a sample of listed firms in Germany from 2004 to 2012. Addressing reverse causality concerns and controlling for a set of firm and bank characteristics, I find that more past connections between firms and banks lead to a higher probability of relationship banking. Connections also foster the transmission of soft information, and the effect of connection is larger when firm is distant, while it gets weaker given the firm is riskier and with information asymmetry. Decomposing connections according to the types of board positions, connected individuals holding supervisory board positions contribute the most to relationship banking.
Principles for Training in Evidence‐Based Psychology: Recommendations for the Graduate Curricula in Clinical Psychology

We argue that the evidence-based practice (EBP) model represents an evolution in integrating science and practice and synchronizes well with broader trends in health care. Because the curriculum for EBP training involves explicit emphasis on the best empirical evidence within Clinical Psychology, it can be utilized by all programs, irrespective of theoretical orientation or training mission. We articulate four principles that speak to core training and foundational clinical supervision, to guide training using an EBP model. These principles can be integrated within the larger rubric of a program and can encourage more consistent curricular reliance on EBP. This approach to doctoral training could lead to greater consistency across training programs and bring science and practice closer together within Clinical Psychology.
Using an Old Dog for New Tricks

Research on radio frequency identification (RFID) applications has grown significantly as the technology can potentially improve organizational performance and enable new business models. However, actual implementation has been slow to transition from back office operations to front office applications, as many customers have demonstrated concern about the invasion of personal privacy and/or the improper utilization of information. This research aims to explore the customer acceptance issue by examining the factors that potentially enable and inhibit the utilization of RFID-enabled systems. To accomplish this goal, we conducted three studies using information from over 800 consumers, while employing three different methodologies. Results indicate potential usage of RFID systems can be positively impacted by the perceived usefulness (PU) of the technology, while privacy concerns have a negative impact. In particular, the positive impact of PU appears to weigh more heavily on consumers than the negative impact of privacy concerns. Additionally, there are differences in privacy concerns, technology attitudes, and purchase intentions based on how the system is labeled, along with the nature of the privacy statement. Accordingly, firms need to be specific in their privacy statements as this practice yields higher customer purchase intentions. From a managerial perspective, it is imperative that companies present a clear message to customers as to how RFID can benefit them while also being clear and concise about how any information associated with the technology will be used in an ethical manner.
Study on the Combined Toxicity of Diesel Exhaust Particles and Allergic Pollen

Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) may increase symptom severity in allergic diseases. To examine possible interaction between DEPs effects and allergic responses, a pollen-sensitized and challenged mouse model of allergic airways disease was utilized. BAL mice were sensitized with 0.15 ml pollen extract or saline injected intraperitoneally on day 0 and day 7. One week after sensitization, mice were exposed to air or different doses of DEPs for 7days. Challenge with pollen was performed at day 21. Blood and lung samples were taken at day 22 after the first sensitization. IgE, IL-4 and oxidative damage indices were measured. IgE and IL-4 was higher in mice immunized with pollen extracts and DEPs than in mice immunized with pollen only. DEPs decreased intracellular superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and increased Malondialdehyde in pollen sensitized mice when compared with mice exposed to DEPs alone. In conclusion, this study shows that allergen challenge and exposure to DEPs can interact to enhance allergic responses in sensitized mice, and the oxidative stress may be one of the main mechanisms.
The tetraspanin BcPls1 is required for appressorium‐mediated penetration of Botrytis cinerea into host plant leaves

Animal tetraspanins are membrane proteins controlling cell adhesion, morphology and motility. In fungi, the tetraspanin MgPls1 controls an appressorial function required for the penetration of Magnaporthe grisea into host plants. An orthologue of MgPLS1, BcPLS1, was identified in the necrotrophic fungal plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea. We constructed a Bcpls1::bar null mutant by targeted gene replacement. Bcpls1::bar is not pathogenic on intact plant tissues of bean, tomato or rose, but it infects wounded plant tissues. Both wild type and Bcpls1::bar differentiate appressoria on plant and artificial surfaces, a process involving an arrest of polarized growth, apex swelling and its cell wall reinforcement. Although wild‐type appressoria allowed the penetration of the fungus into the host plant within 6–12 h, no successful penetration events were observed with Bcpls1::bar, suggesting that its appressoria are not functional. An eGFP transcriptional fusion showed that BcPLS1 was specifically expressed in conidia, germ tubes and appressoria during host penetration. Our results indicate that BcPLS1 is required for the penetration of B. cinerea into intact host plants. The defect in pathogenicity of Bcpls1::bar also demonstrates that functional B. cinerea appressoria are required for a successful penetration process. As Bcpls1::bar and Mgpls1Δ::hph penetration defects are similar, fungal tetraspanins are likely to be required for an essential appressorial function widespread among fungi.
Sex ratios among infants with birth defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2009

A small number of population‐based studies have examined sex differences among infants with birth defects. This study presents estimates of sex ratio for both isolated cases and those with multiple congenital anomalies, as well as by race/ethnicity. Male–female sex ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated for 25,952 clinically reviewed case infants included in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (1997–2009), a large population‐based case‐control study of birth defects. The highest elevations in sex ratios (i.e., male preponderance) among isolated non‐cardiac defects were for craniosynostosis (2.12), cleft lip with cleft palate (2.01), and cleft lip without cleft palate (1.78); the lowest sex ratios (female preponderance) were for choanal atresia (0.45), cloacal exstrophy (0.46), and holoprosencephaly (0.64). Among isolated cardiac defects, the highest sex ratios were for aortic stenosis (2.88), coarctation of the aorta (2.51), and d‐transposition of the great arteries (2.34); the lowest were multiple ventricular septal defects (0.52), truncus arteriosus (0.63), and heterotaxia with congenital heart defect (0.64). Differences were observed by race/ethnicity for some but not for most types of birth defects. The sex differences we observed for specific defects, between those with isolated versus multiple defects, as well as by race/ethnicity, demonstrate patterns that may suggest etiology and improve classification. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pescarias multi-específicas na região da foz do Rio Doce, ES, Brasil: características, problemas e opções para um futuro sustentável

Fishing activities are an important component of the society and culture of Povoacao, a small Brazilian city located on the northern shore of the Doce River, close to the sea and to many coastal lakes. Fishing arts and gears used are the seine, caceia (a controlled-drifting gill net), jequi (a type of trap or pot), hook- and-line, hand net (dip net), gill net, beach net and cast net. Fishing is carried out for commerce, sport or subsistence. Commercial catches are sold to intermediate buyers. Coastal lakes hold the highest number of fishing methods, followed by rivers and sea. Sea fishing is the activity with the highest income, but is carried out by few fishermen, due to the dangers faced by the small rowing boats. Taking into account all fishing arts and all ecosystems in the area, the catches were composed of 63 fish species. Gillnets captured the highest number of species and the coastal lake Monsaras had the highest fish diversity. The local fishermen have a deep traditional knowledge of the dynamics of the resources they exploit. However, some features of fishing activities put at risk the sustainability of the catch. Environmental education, sustainable alternatives to predatory fishing activities, fisheries management and creation of areas either fully protected or for sustainable uses are possible options to guarantee the continuity and productivity of the species in the long term.
Determinants of satisfaction with campus transportation services: Implications for service quality

Background: In a number of countries, buses are a critical element of public transportation, providing the most inclusive and sustainable mode of transportation to all forms of citizenry, including staff and students of universities. Objectives: The study examines the determinants of satisfaction with campus bus transportation. The article is primarily discursive and based on the synthesis of existing service literature supported by data obtained from a survey of 847 respondents. Method: Structural equation modelling is undertaken using AMOS 19 , allowing for the examination of compound relationships between service engagement variables. Results: Results show statistically significant differences between perceived service quality and travel routes. The authors argue that managerial attention to service user experiences does not only hold the key to ongoing competitive success in campus transportation services but also that those services can be significantly enriched through greater managerial attention to the interface between risk of financial loss (which increases when the campus bus transportation service provider becomes less able to compete) and service quality. Conclusion: The authors argue that if providers of campus bus transportation services are to rise to their service delivery challenges and also maintain or improve upon their market positions, they must conceptualise their services in a manner that takes into consideration the two-way interrelationship between risk of financial loss and service quality. It must also be noted that, although this study may have relevance for firm–firm scenarios, its focus is primarily on service supplier firm–customer service engagements. Keywords: Modelling; Transportation; Service
Introduction. Daughters of time: The shifting identities of contemporary midwives

Imagine anthropologist Robbie Davis-Hoyd's surprise when she rounded a corner in a birth center owned by Dona Facunda, a partera traditional (traditional midwife) who works in Morelos, Mexico, and encountered a flat marble delivery table complete with metal stirrups. Laughing as the anthropologist expressed her amazement (iAy, Dona Facundal ¿que hace una partera traditional con una mesa as [My goodness, Dona Facunda! What's a traditional midwife doing with a table like that? ]), Doña Facunda, with a mischievous glint in her eye, pointed out that the fathers, mothers-in-law, and grandmothers who accompany her clients believe in the efficacy of the hospital and its procedures, including giving birth in the lithotomy position. "If they want me to act like a little doctor (mini-médico)," she said, holding up her blue hat and booties, "I can do that! But when the mother-in-law says, 'Shouldn't she get up on the table now? ' I say, Tvlo, if s not time yet,' and I encourage her to keep walking around or to rest comfortably in my big double bed. Most of my mothers give birth sitting, kneeling, or squatting. Very few want the table. It's here if they do, but its main use is just for show! " She added, "If having an IV makes them feel safer, for an extra 100 pesos I'm happy to insert it. But I really hate for women to give birth flat on their backs and hooked up to an IV. So I encourage them to wait before they get up on the table, until they are really pushing well, and then they find they like being upright. " Grabbing the handles from which the IV bag would be suspended, and using them to support herself in the birth-position