Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION LITERACY COURSES IN MASTER’S DEGREE PROGRAMS OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION STUDIES

A content analysis of textbooks used for instruction of information literacy courses in Masters in Library and Information Studies programs was conducted. The hypotheses was that these courses identified specific competencies of information literacy at various stages of learning and differentiated between lower-level basic skills from upper-level more sophisticated skills. This paradigm was exemplified by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education (2003). Chi-square (? 2) analyses of the frequencies with which educational levels starting from K-12 through graduate school occurred were conducted. Textbooks that contained any of the following information literacy themes met the selection criteria: (a) determining information needed, (b) accessing the information, (c) critically evaluating and synthesizing retrieved information, (d) integrating and applying knowledge, and (e) understanding the economic, legal, and social implications of information production and dissemination. Contrary to the hypotheses, the results revealed that emphases were on grouped competencies such as K-12 or undergraduate, rather than on graded incremental proficiencies. Educational levels K-12 were found to have significantly more citations than expected. Frequencies of references to college levels decreased as the learning levels advanced. There was no mention of the junior level. Emphases on lower-level basic information literacy skills were revealed by higher frequencies of references to sophomore than those of senior. Moreover, graduate level had only eight mentions out of a total of 361 observations. Taken as a whole, these courses fell short of the scholarly expectations of clearly identifying between lower-level basic skills from upper-level more sophisticated skills.
The Use of Bytes to Analyze Complex Organizations

This paper shows how a gap in organisational analysis can be filled by using the transaction of bytes to compare hierarchical organisations controlled by a single control centre with complex ones possessing distributed decision making with multiple communication channels and control agents. No social organisation can exist without the transmission, reception and processing of bytes between and within biota. The ability of an organisation to survive depends upon its communication and control architecture not requiring its components to exceed their ability to transact bytes. Bytes are represented by patterns in matter or energy. Data, information, knowledge and wisdom are composed of bytes. Transaction byte analysis provides an instrumental basis for evaluating, comparing and designing human organisations independently of the level of technology that may be employed. Transaction Byte Analysis is compared with Transaction Cost Economics that it subsumes when the social construct of cost becomes a proxy for bytes.
Most Efficient Digital Filter Structures: The Potential of Halfband Filters in Digital Signal Processing

In this book the reader will find a collection of chapters authored/co-authored by a large number of experts around the world, covering the broad field of digital signal processing. This book intends to provide highlights of the current research in the digital signal processing area, showing the recent advances in this field. This work is mainly destined to researchers in the digital signal processing and related areas but it is also accessible to anyone with a scientific background desiring to have an up-to-date overview of this domain. Each chapter is self-contained and can be read independently of the others. These nineteenth chapters present methodological advances and recent applications of digital signal processing in various domains as communications, filtering, medicine, astronomy, and image processing.
A Review of Emergent Literacy with Implications for Research and Practice in Reading. Technical Report No. 379.

Emergent literacy research is reviewed and related to studies on reading and writing processes and beginning reading and writing instruction. The first section describes the social and linguistic contexts for literacy. This research shows that communication patterns and practices and parentscaffolding of literacy activities for their preschool children are critically important events for literacy development. The second section on oral and written distinctions describes why literacy is not a simple extension of oral language. Written language contains new and difficulttolearn concepts. The third section reviews research on the acquisition of emergent reading and writing skills and knowledge. The fourth section presents examples of landmark instructional studies that adopt an emergent literacy perspective.
Bilgisayar Destekli Matematik Öğretimi Dersinde Dinamik Matematik Yazılımının Kullanımı/The Use of Dynamic Mathematics Software in Computer Assisted Mathematics Instruction Course

This research was conducted in order to find out the opinions of preservice mathematics teachers regarding the use of dynamic mathematics software in computer assisted mathematics instruction course. The research, which was designed as a case study, was conducted with 56 preservice teachers who were fourthyear students at the Department of Mathematics Education Program in two state universities located in Turkey. In the research that was conducted with the preservice teachers in 48 course hours, GeoGebra, which is dynamic mathematics software, was taught and students were shown how to prepare the materials that can be used in computer assisted mathematics instruction. Each preservice teacher was enabled to form mathematical concepts, construction of which was shown, on their own computers. The data were obtained via a opinion form that was composed of open-ended questions. In view of data analysis, it was found that the preservice teachers emphasized such properties of the use of dynamic mathematics software as visualization, facilitation of understanding, maintaining retention, providing concretization in computer assisted mathematics instruction course. It was observed that the preservice teachers highlighted the inadequacy of using computers and time-consuming material preparation as difficulties in using dynamic mathematics software in computer assisted mathematics instruction course
Impact of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) on Agriculture

This paper is motivated by concerns about potential adverse impacts of the MGNREGA on agriculture; acting by bidding up the price of labour, leading to its scarcity, and thereby inducing shifts in cropping patterns. First, a district level panel dataset is used to study impacts of the scheme on gross irrigated area, agricultural wages, cropping patterns and crop yields. Next, unit-record data from the Employment Unemployment Surveys are used to estimate impacts on time spent across various employment categories and on casual wages. A unique contribution of our paper is that it compares two sets of impacts: impact on poorer districts (Phase 1 and 2 districts) under partial implementation of the scheme with richer districts (Phase 3 districts) under full implementation. Identification is achieved using a difference-in-differences method. We also report the pre-programme trends for each impact variable, to provide a check on the validity of the use of difference-in-difference method.
Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology Volume 30(2) Spring / printemps 2004 Integration of an Online Discussion Forum in a Campus-based Undergraduate Biology Class

This research paper describes the use of computer mediated conferencing (CMC) to support the teaching of biology to undergraduates. The use of this pedagogical innovation was a first-time experience for both the instructor and his students. The objectives of this project were to increase students' active participation, to facilitate collaborative knowledge building, and to enhance the use of the scientific approach in problemsolving activities. The data indicate that some positive results were achieved for each objective. The use of online computer conferences shows a lot of promise when it is based on reflection, problem-solving, collaborative learning and knowledge building. Internet conferencing tools support students as they reflect and work together and open doors to numerous new educational experiences for both the students and the professors.
A Novel Approach to Corner Detection using Random Forests

We present a fast algorithm for corner detection, exploiting the local features (i.e. intensities of neighbourhood pixels) around a given pixel. The method proposed is simple to implement but is efficient enough to give results comparable to that of the state-of-the-art corner detectors. The algorithm is shown to detect corners in a given image using a learning based framework. The algorithm simply takes the differences of the intensities of candidate pixel and pixels around its neighbourhood and processes them further to make the similar pixels look even more similar and distinct pixels even more distinct. This task is achieved by effectively training a random forest in order to classify whether the candidate pixel is a corner or not. We compare the results with several state-of-the-art techniques for corner detection and show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Title Enhanced immune response and protective effects of nano-chitosan-based DNA vaccine encoding T cell epitopes of Esat-6 and FL against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Development of a novel and effective vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) is a challenging for preventing TB infection. In this study, a novel nanoparticle-based recombinant DNA vaccine was developed, which contains Esat-6 three T cell epitopes (Esat-6/3e) and fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FL) genes (termed Esat-6/3e-FL), and was enveloped with chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (nano-chitosan). The immunologic and protective efficacy of the nano-chitosan-based DNA vaccine (termed nano-Esat-6/3e-FL) was assessed in C57BL/6 mice after intramuscular prime vaccination with the plasmids DNA and nasal boost with the Esat-6/3e peptides. The results showed that the immunized mice remarkably elicited enhanced T cell responses and protection against M.tb H37Rv challenge. These findings indicate that the nano-chitosan can significantly elevate the immunologic and protective effects of the DNA vaccine, and the nano-Esat-6/3e-FL is a useful vaccine for preventing M.tb infection in mice. Citation: Feng G, Jiang Q, Xia M, Lu Y, Qiu W, et al. (2013) Enhanced Immune Response and Protective Effects of Nano-chitosan-based DNA Vaccine Encoding T Cell Epitopes of Esat-6 and FL against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection. PLoS ONE 8(4): e61135. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0061135 Editor: T. Mark Doherty, Glaxo Smith Kline, Denmark Received October 2, 2012; Accepted March 5, 2013; Published April 23, 2013 Copyright: 2013 Feng et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was supported by funding from Natural Scientific Fund of Jiangsu Province (09KJA310002, DG216D5016, 12KJB310007, 2011NJMU263 and 11JC005) in China. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: wangyw1508@njmu.edu. cn
Spin-offs 16-02-2016

We explore the benefits of alliances for the innovation performance of spin-off firms, in particular spin-offs from either other firms or from public research organizations. During the early years of the emerging combinatorial chemistry industry, spin-offs engaged in alliances with large and established partners, partners of similar type and size, or with public research organizations, often for different reasons. We seek to understand to what extent alliances of spin-offs with other firms (either large or small and medium sized firms) affected their innovation performance and how this performance may have been affected by their corporate or public research background. We find evidence that in general alliances of spin-offs with other firms, in particular alliances with large firms, increased their innovation performance. Corporate spin-offs that formed alliances with other firms outperformed public research spinoffs with such alliances. This suggests that, in terms of their innovation performance, corporate spin-offs that engaged in alliances with other firms seemed to have benefitted from their prior corporate background. Interestingly, it turns out that the negative impact of alliances on the innovation performance of public research spin-offs was largely affected by their alliances with small and medium sized firms.
Hybrid Model for Prediction of Ionospheric Scintillation

A Hybrid model for prediction of field scintillation on transionospheric paths of propagation was developed as the combination of the complex phase method (CPM) and random screen technique. In a recent paper [1] by Gherm et al., the model was described in detail. The initially developed propagation model [2] was solely based on the CPM, or the generalized Rytov’s approximation, which is not capable of describing the case of strong scintillation so that, to overcome this restriction, the CPM was combined with the random screen technique. In the contrast with widely employed effective phase screen (e.g. WBMOD, GISM), the random screen introduced in the present method is a physical screen with log-amplitude and phase fluctuations corresponding to a real field on a plane located below the ionosphere. To generate this random screen the relationships for spatial spectra of the phase and log-amplitude correlation functions, as well as their cross-correlation function, are utilized. They are derived in the framework of the CPM. According to the CPM the complex amplitude of the field which has propagated through the ionosphere is represented as follows:
First Principle Study of Multiferroic Bismuth Ferrite

In this work, the spontaneous magnetic and electric behavior of the multiferroic R3c BiFeO 3 are studied by density functional theory (DFT) with the generalized-gradient-approximation (GGA) and GGA+U method. The predicted crystal stucture is rhombohedral with space group R3c in equilibrium. The elongation of perovskitelike lattice along the [111] direction is correctly predicted by GGA+U method. We predicated a large electric polarization of 103.5 µ C / cm 2 by berry phase method, which is consistent with the experimental measured polarization of 100 µ C / cm 2 for high quality single crystal sample. Our calculations indicate that the (111) planes are magnetic easy planes and the magnetic anisotropy origins from both single-ion anisotropy and the superexchange coupling. With the superexchange included in our calculations, the ground state of BiFeO 3 is found to have an approximate antiferromagnetic (AFM) order with weak ferromagnetic (FM). Our Phonon dispersion analysis shows the instability of the hypothetical FM phase of BiFeO 3 . We found the the energy of AFM and FM BiFeO 3 evolve in opposite ways in spin-sprial dispersion and equals to each other at q=[0.34 0 -0.34].
How Principals Understanding Of Best Practices In Professional Development Impacts Teacher Pedagogy

The role of the principal has changed drastically from what was once known as a building manager to an instructional leader. Principals are the key lever to creating professional development with teachers in order to improve teaching and learning. The single most important variable to student achievement is the quality of the teacher in the classroom ( DarlingHammond, 2014). In order to ensure teacher quality, principals need to understand adult learning theory and professional development design. I am examining using Wagner’s 4C’s how principals’ understanding of PD design can impact staff perceptions, beliefs and teacher quality. This study also looked at through Wagner’s “as is” and “to be” framework, identifying leadership strategies needed transformation of the current professional development happening in Sunny Side School District. Making this leadership shift, however, demands, resources, time and support. Professional development for educators must encompass more than training teachers: it must also help principals acquire the skills necessary to be successful. There is a call for legislative changes where the federal government invest time and resources to provide sustained professional development for teachers and school leaders.
Identification of predominant epiphytic and endophytic bacterial isolates in rice seeds effective for enhancement of seed germination and plant growth

ABSTRACT-During rice growing season, the symptomless rice seeds from different paddy fields in Guilan province, Iran, were collected. After isolation of epiphytic and endophytic bacteria, 39 isolates including 19 epiphytes and 20 endophytes were selected based on the predominant characteristics. Five Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were obtained based on PCR-RFLP of 16S r-DNA in these isolates. According to biochemical tests and partial sequencing of 16S-rDNA, in both epiphyte and endophyte bacteria of rice seeds, the most populated OTUs (V and II) were identified as Pantoea ananatis and Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, respectively. Six representative isolates from these two OTUs were selected to be evaluated for their abilities for rice seed germination and growth enhancement. Among them, P. oryzihabitans was not beneficially effective. However, JpB1 isolate of P. ananatis was considered to be the most effective plant growth promoting isolate, since it showed stable beneficial effects on most surveyed characteristics in both rice seed germination and growth enhancement experiments. Although, OpB3 isolate of P. ananatis produced IAA in higher amount and solubilized phosphate more than the other isolates followed by JpB1 and P. ananatis L3pB3, it was not beneficially effective on rice seed germination.
Primary Students' Knowledge of and Errors on Number Lines

This paper reports on fifth graders’ proficiency with number line tasks in an interview situation. The results revealed that at least 10% of students were unsuccessful in using a simple number line effectively. Additionally, some students’ explanations suggest that they do not appreciate that the number line is a measurement model rather than a counting model. This study concludes with recommendations for explicit instruction, a note of caution for interpreting number line items on numeracy tests, and avenues for future research.
INTERACTIONS AMONG RED ABALONES AND SEA URCIDNS IN FISHED AND RESERVE SITES OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA : IMPLICATIONS OF COMPETITION TO MANAGEMENT

Red abalones (Halla/is rrljescenS), red sea urchins (Strollgylocelltrotus jrallc;SC,ml/s), and purple sea urchins (S. pu,.pl/mws) share similar food and habitat requirements in northem California. Red abalones and red sea urchins a~so support important fisheties, Here we explore spatial interoctions and apparent competitive effects among these species at an area where fishing bas large impacts on both taxa. and at unfishe<l reserve sites in whicb invertebrate density and food availability differ. There was an inverse con·elation between adult red abalone und . red sea urchin abundance at the scale of OUI' tronaects when density of either or botll species was high. In the poorest habitat for macroalgae, red abalones seldom occurred on the sume transects with red tU'chins. The results suggest that differences in density, depth. and food availability play nn important role in the observed spatia! patterns of red abalones and red sea urchins. Purple sen urchins were not correlated to either of the other two species' distributions. An intense fishery for red sea urchins appeEtl1i to have had u positive effect on kelp availability, oncl abalone growth and abundance. Aerial photographs during the period of intense urchin fislling (fram 1982 to 1989), showed a dramatic increase in the surface canopy_ Sinlilarly, during this period, size frequency distributions of tished red abalones show an Increase in the number of individuals in larger size classes. Modal progression in abalone size frequency diSlYibutions suggests a fasler growth rate dUring this petiod When compared with a gl'Owth study. at the same location, conducted during the pre-urchin fIShery years, Ultimately, red sen urchin removal apparently led to an increase in red abalone abundance even at a site that was heavily tl~bed by recreational abalone fishers. Meanwhile, at n nellIuy reserve site where kelp populations are lower, red abalones have declirled in abundance as red sea urchins increased. Our results suggest the need for mUlti-species ecosystem-based approaches to management Qf these valuable rc. ~ource&.
DIFFERENT EL NIÑO INTENSITIES AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE SOUTH AMERICAN LOW-LEVEL JET EAST OF THE ANDES DURING THE AUSTRAL SPRING

The relationship between the warm episodes of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its remote influence over the South America atmospheric circulation and precipitation has been investigated by many authors (Kiladis and Diaz, 1989; Drumond and Ambrizzi, 2003; and others). Grimm et al. (1998) described that in spring of the El Niño (EN) years there is a tendency to higher than median precipitation in the northeastern Argentina, southern Brazil and Uruguay; on the other hand, in summer this pattern is weakened. Precipitation anomalies on these regions is part produced by the South American Low-Level Jet east of the Andes (SALLJ) that seems to be responsible for transporting large quantities of moisture from the Amazon region and Tropical Atlantic to the subtropics, producing enhanced rainfall in its exit region (Marengo et al., 2004). However, there are not many studies showing how the inter ENSO variability influence the position and intensity of the SALLJ and therefore its preferential region of activity during different seasons of the year. In a recent study, Silva et al. (2006) verified that during the austral summer (DJF) the location of the flux convergence varies depending on the intensity of the ENSO event. The daily composites indicate that the maximum of the SALLJ winds and convection seems strong and more concentrated over the La Plata basin
Evaluation of Plasma Homocysteine Levels in Patients of PCOS.

Background Homocysteinemia in PCOS may impair implantation by interfering with endometrial blood flow and has been documented to increase the adverse pregnancy outcome. Aims The objective was to evaluate the relationship between insulin resistance and serum homocysteine in subjects with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Material and Methods Cross sectional Case Control observational study done in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KGMU Lucknow. Cases were 50 PCOS women as a study group and 40 women with infertility due to isolated male cause as a control group. Serum homocysteine levels compared in PCOS patients. Results Mean homocysteine raised in cases (11.8 ± 5.5μmol/L) than control (7.8 ± 2.2 μmol/L), p< 0.001 Considering 11 μmol/l cut off level for normal homocysteine, 36% of PCOS patients (18 of 50) and 10%of control (4 out of 40) had high homocysteine levels, p< 0.001. 8% of PCOS patients without insulin resistance (4 out of 50) had a high homocysteine level, while 28%of PCOS patients with insulin resistance (14 out of 50) had homocysteinemia. Mean plasma homocysteine level was very high in insulin resistant case group subjects (13.9 ± 5.6 μmol/L) than non insulin resistant subjects in case group (8.2 ± 2.7), p< 0.001. Conclusion Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia in patients with PCOS is associated with elevated plasma homocysteine This finding may have important implications in the short-term reproductive outcome, and the long-term cardiovascular complications associated with insulin-resistant PCOS.