Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Establishment and persistence of seep vestimentiferan aggregations on the upper Louisiana slope of the Gulf of Mexico

This study investigated the population size structures, growth rates and ages of 2 co- existing vestimentiferan tubeworms (Lamellibrachia cf. luymesi and Seepiophila jonesi) at hydrocar- bon seeps in the Gulf of Mexico in order to determine the factors contributing to their establishment and persistence. Population size structures of 12 complete aggregations indicated that both vesti- mentiferans recruit roughly simultaneously during the early stages of aggregation development, after which time recruitment largely ceases. By staining the vestimentiferan tubes in situ and mea- suring subsequently deposited tube material between 1 and 3 yr later, we found that L. cf luymesi grew faster than S. jonesi overall and within individual aggregations. Using the relationship between growth rate and length for each species we also showed that the mean ages and age ranges of indi- viduals of both species were very similar in younger aggregations. A long life span appears to be characteristic of vestimentiferans at these seep sites. Staining, redeployment and subsequent collec- tion of 2 small clusters of vestimentiferans showed that above their point of attachment to the solid substrate, these species elongate their tubes only at the anterior-most end. These species also possess the ability to elongate their tubes in a posterior direction below their point of attachment to the solid substrate. In these seep vestimentiferans, a combination of spatial and temporal limitation of suitable settlement sites may have driven the evolution of a long life span over which reproduction may occur many times.
VISUAL INSTRUCTION: AN ADVANTAGE OR A DISADVANTAGE? WHAT ABOUT ITS EFFECT ON EFL LEARNERS' VOCABULARY LEARNING?

Learning vocabulary is an important issue for second or foreign language learning. The purpose of this mixed methods study was to investigate the effects of visual materials such as pictures, real objects, and flash cards on EFL learners' vocabulary learning. Forty six female intermediate students participated in this study. First, the participants were randomly assigned to either the control or experimental group. Then the two groups were administered the pretest. During the eight sessions of the treatment, 56 vocabulary items were instructed to the participants in both groups. The experimental group was instructed the words visually, while the control group was taught the words traditionally. After the treatment, the two groups were administered the posttest. The findings showed a noticeable progress of the experimental group in learning words. It was found that the learning of words in the experimental group significantly increased more than that in the control group. Further, the participants in the experimental group perceived visual instruction as an effective way for learning vocabulary.
DISK WINDS AS AN EXPLANATION FOR SLOWLY EVOLVING TEMPERATURES IN TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENTS

Among the many intriguing aspects of optically discovered tidal disruption events (TDEs) is that their temperatures are lower than predicted and that the temperature does not evolve as rapidly with a decreasing fallback rate as would be expected in standard disk theory. We show that this can be explained qualitatively using an idea proposed by Laor & Davis in the context of normal active galactic nuclei: that larger accretion rates imply stronger winds and thus that the accretion rate through the inner disk only depends weakly on the inflow rate at the outer edge of the disk. We also show that a reasonable quantitative agreement with data requires that, as has been suggested in recent papers, the characteristic radius of the tidal stream is approximately equal to the semimajor axis of the most bound orbit of the debris rather than twice the pericenter distance, which would be expected from circularization without rapid angular momentum redistribution. If this explanation is correct, it suggests that the evolution of TDEs may test both non-standard disk theory and the details of the interactions of the tidal stream.
The low-mass end of the neutral gas mass and velocity width functions of galaxies in ΛCDM

We use the high-resolution Aquarius cosmological dark matter simulations coupled to the semi-analytic model by Starkenburg et al. to study the H I content and velocity width properties of field galaxies at the low-mass end in the context of Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM). We compare our predictions to the observed Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) survey H I mass and velocity width functions, and find very good agreement without fine-tuning, when considering central galaxies. Furthermore, the properties of the dark matter haloes hosting galaxies, characterized by their peak velocity and circular velocity at two radial disc scalelengths overlap perfectly with the inferred values from observations. This suggests that our galaxies are placed in the right dark matter haloes, and consequently at face value, we do not find any discrepancy with the predictions from the ΛCDM model. Our analysis indicates that previous tensions, apparent when using abundance matching models, arise because this technique cannot be straightforwardly applied for objects with masses Mvir 10M⊙.
Physiological aspects of coffee beans, processed and dried through different methods, associated with sensory quality

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the physiological and sensory quality of coffee beans processed and dried in different manners. The experiment was conducted with two types of processing - dry and wet processing, and four drying methods - drying in a drying yard, and mechanical drying with heated air at three alternating temperatures (50/40°C, 60/40°C and 40/60°C) where the temperature was changed when the coffee beans reached moisture content of 30% ± 2% (w.b.), with supplementation of drying until achieveing 11% ± 1% (w.b.). The mechanical drying system used consisted of three fixed bed dryers, which allows control of temperature and flow drying rate. After application of the treatments, the coffees were sampled according to the evaluation system proposed by the Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA). In addition to sensory analysis, analyses were made of the physical-chemical and physiological quality of the coffee beans. The physical-chemical and physiological analyses involved: fatty acid composition, leaching of potassium, electrical conductivity and germination. Interesting results were obtained. Coffee dried in the drying yard showed better sensory, physiological and physical-chemical results when compared with that dried in a dryer. Pulped coffee was more tolerant to drying than natural coffee, regardless of the way it was dried, showing better final quality of the product. Moreover, it may be observed that the increase in drying temperature in the final phase of the drying process leads to grain damage, which notably reduces beverage quality, confirming existing research.
Effect of dietary fat and restriction on carcass and meat quality of Iberian pigs

A total of 160 Iberian x Duroc pigs (50% males and 50% females, all castrated) of 40.3±2.7 kg of initial BW was used to study the influence of dietary fat source and feed restriction on carcass and meat quality. There were three experimental periods: (i) grower: 40-80 kg BW, 98 d of trial, with a restricted common diet; (ii) fattening: 80-114 kg BW, four treatments arranged as a 2 x 2 factorial design: ad libitum (31d) vs restricted (51d) with diets containing Iberian pig lard -IL- vs oleic acid enriched sunflower oil - OESO-, and (iii) finisher: 114 kg slaughter, 77d, diets based on IL or OESO ad libitum. Total experimental lengths were 206 and 226 d, for pigs fed ad libitum and restricted, respectively. At the end of the trial, restricted pigs showed lower backfat depth than pigs fed ad libitum. However, pigs restricted in the grower period had better carcass yield than ad libitum pigs but no significant differences were found for ham, shoulder and loin yield. In addition, feed restriction decreased L* and b* values of the loin. Finally, the fatty acid profile of the intramuscular fat was not affected by fed restriction and fat source.
Comparative analysis of cytochrome P450‐like genes from Locusta migratoria manilensis: expression profiling and response to insecticide exposure

Abstract The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (cytochrome P450) gene superfamily comprises many genes that may be involved in the biotransformations of pesticides and other xenobiotics. To date, very little is known about cytochrome P450 genes in the oriental migratory locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis. In this study, we carried out a genome‐wide analysis of cytochrome P450 genes of the locust to identify putative cytochrome P450 genes and characterize their expression responses to insecticide exposures. We identified 15 cytochrome P450‐like genes from a locust expressed sequence tag database (LocustDB). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) analysis showed that most cytochrome P450‐like genes displayed different tissue and developmental stage expression patterns. However, most of them were predominantly expressed in the midgut, gastric caeca, fatbodies, and/or hindgut. Biochemical analysis showed that cytochrome P450 was differentially affected by three different insecticides. Deltamethrin caused significant inductions in 12 h at LD30 (dose to kill 30% of the tested individuals) in the nymphs, whereas malathion and carbaryl did not have significant effect on cytochrome P450 enzyme activity. Further RT‐PCR analysis showed significant increases of transcriptions of several cytochrome P450 genes in deltamethrin‐treated locusts. Thus, the increased cytochrome P450 enzyme activity is likely due to increased transcriptions of multiple cytochrome P450 genes in response to deltamethrin exposure. These results are expected to help us better understand the interactions between insecticides and major detoxification enzymes, and possible changes of the susceptibility to other insecticides in deltamethrin‐treated insects at various molecular levels.
Right Cerebral Hemisphere Language and Communication Functions in Females and Males with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Normal Intelligence

Abstract The purpose of the study was to compare the functioning of adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and typically developing adolescents matched for age and IQ, in terms of right hemisphere language communication. Sex differences in that area were also analyzed. Seventy-nine individuals with normal intelligence with ASD, fluent in their native spoken language and aged 10-20 years (41 females), and 79 typically developing individuals (control group, 39 females) were tested. The Polish adaptation of the Right Hemisphere Language Battery (RHLB-PL) was used for participants aged 13-20 years, while children aged 10-12 years were tested using an experimental version of the RHLBPL for young children designed by E. Łojek. Individuals with ASD scored lower in the Humor Test and Discourse Analysis, and made more remarks in the Comments Test about the tasks than the control group. The two groups scored differently in two measures of verbal intellectual skills in the Wechsler Scale: Arithmetic and Comprehension. Individuals with ASD scored lower than controls on both of those measures. No sex differences were found for any of the measured variables.
‘Boat People’ in Australia: Press, Policy and Public Opinion

Australia’s postcolonial tendency to control its borders and regulate the ‘Other’ underpins the politicisation of the ‘boat people’ phenomenon. This paper explores how asylum seekers who arrive in Australia by boat are represented in the press and excluded through policy, and how this exclusion is further embedded in public opinion. The research on which this paper is based comprised a content analysis of newspaper articles relating to boat arrivals and the undertaking of qualitative focus groups. The analysis aims to contribute to existing literature by situating political, public and media debates of asylum policy within a broader framework of migration in Australia.
Money Laundering as a Crime in the Financial Sector: A New Approach to Quantitative Assessment, with an Application to Italy

This study provides an answer to the question of how much cash deposited via a financial institution can be traced back to criminal activities, by developing a new approach to measure money laundering and proposing an application to Italy. We define a model of cash in‐flows on current accounts considering, besides “dirty money” to be laundered, also the legal motivations to deposit cash and the role of the shadow economy. We find that the average amount of cash laundered in Italy is around 6% of GDP. These findings are coherent with estimates of the nonobserved economy obtained in previous studies.
THE INTRA-INDUSTRY EFFECTS OF REIT DIVIDEND

This study investigates the intra-industry effects of cash dividend announcements for U.S. real estate investment trusts (REITs). That is, based on the market model framework, this study examines whether a change in an announcing REIT’s dividends has information externality on its peers/rivals. Our results suggest that REIT dividend announcements have contagion effects. In addition, consistent with the existing literature, these contagion effects are found to be asymmetric and more prevalent for dividend-decreasing events.
Deterministic nature of the underlying dynamics of surface wind fluctuations

Abstract. Modelling the fluctuations of the Earth's surface wind has a significant role in understanding the dynamics of atmosphere besides its impact on various fields ranging from agriculture to structural engineering. Most of the studies on the modelling and prediction of wind speed and power reported in the literature are based on statistical methods or the probabilistic distribution of the wind speed data. In this paper we investigate the suitability of a deterministic model to represent the wind speed fluctuations by employing tools of nonlinear dynamics. We have carried out a detailed nonlinear time series analysis of the daily mean wind speed data measured at Thiruvananthapuram (8.483° N,76.950° E) from 2000 to 2010. The results of the analysis strongly suggest that the underlying dynamics is deterministic, low-dimensional and chaotic suggesting the possibility of accurate short-term prediction. As most of the chaotic systems are confined to laboratories, this is another example of a naturally occurring time series showing chaotic behaviour.
What determines credit participation and credit constraints of the poor in peri-urban areas, Vietnam?

This paper uses a novel dataset collected by the first author from peri-urban areas of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam in 2008 to examine how the poor use their loans, and factors affecting their credit participation and credit constraints. The paper finds the presence of many commercial banks in the areas does not help the poor, but the poor rely heavily on informal credit. Loans in the peri-urban areas are mainly used for non-productive purposes, which stresses the importance of consumption smoothing motives. Further, households in more rural wards have a higher probability of borrowing than more urban households, thanks to better community relationships and higher interpersonal trust. Competition by borrowing neighbours adversely affects the opportunity for borrowing in urban wards where the poor households’ borrowings rely much more on subsidized credit funds. A closer look at specified microcredit sources reveals that household behaviours differ in each market segment. Furthermore, the poor are highly credit-constrained. Wealthier households, in terms of asset holdings and phone possession, among the poor group appear less credit-constrained. However, except in the most rural part of the study area, the likelihood of credit constraints increases with distance to the nearest banks, which suggests that supply-side intervention could help in overcoming credit constraints. Overall, the poor in urban wards are more credit-constrained because of exclusion by commercial banks and weak interpersonal trust.
DEVELOPMENTAL RATES AND MORPHOMETRICS OF THE SYMPATRIC PYGMY CORMORANT (PHALACROCORAX PYGMEUS) AND GREAT CORMORANT (P. CARBO SINENSIS)

We compared growth rates and adult morphological traits in two sympatric cormorant species, the pygmy cormorant (Phalacrocorax pygmeus) and the great cormorant (P. carbo sinensis), in Israel. The smaller P. pygmeus exhibited higher developmental rates than P. carbo sinensis, as expressed in the growth rate constant (K) of body mass and of various body parts (bill, wing, tarsus, primaries, and tibia lengths). The consequences of the higher developmental rate of P. pygmeus are early fledging and a relatively low body mass of fledglings. We suggest that several proximate ecological and developmental factors such as risk of nest predation, body temperature regulation, and hydrodynamics act in concert to promote rapid development in chicks of P. pygmeus. However, the four-fold lower body mass of the adult P. pygmeus is probably the most important physiological constraint that might explain its rapid growth rate in comparison with P. carbo sinensis. The body mass and the size of various body parts of adult P. c.
Plant regeneration of Vitis vinifera (L) via direct and indirect organogenesis from cultured nodal segments

Horticultural Biotechnology Laboratory, Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, Jabalpur 482 004, India. Department of Fruit Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, Jabalpur 482 004, India. Office of Dean, KNK-College of Horticulture, Mandsaur, Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, Jabalpur 482 004, India. Division of Transgenic & Tissue Culture, Biotechnology Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, Jabalpur 482 004, India.
Family Ties and Socio-Economic Outcomes in High vs Low Income Countries

ABSTRACT Alesina and Giuliano illustrate that strong family ties lead to lower geographical mobility and reduced labour force participation of young and female individuals. We extend their analysis by arguing that the effect of strong family ties on economic outcomes depends on a country’s level of economic and institutional development. This cross-country heterogeneity arises because strong family ties not only foster traditional family values (which have disruptive effects on economic outcomes), but also provide economically valuable social networks – especially in societies characterised by weak institutions and limited market access. Empirical evidence using the European and World Value Surveys (EVS/WVS) are supportive of our theoretical argument.
Sampling and Characterization of PM-fractions of Ambient Particulate Matter in Bangkok Utilizing a Cascade Virtual Impactor

A cascade virtual impactor was developed and utilized for sampling and measurement of ambient aerosols in size classes demarcated by particle aerodynamic diameters of 10 m, 2.5 m and 1 m. Virtual impaction diminishes the flow of ambient air through the collected sample by 90%, consequently reducing the chance of sampling artifacts, such as extensive evaporation of semi-volatile compounds, or chemical cross-reactions after sample deposition. An omni-directional sampling head with an adjustable upper particle cut-off size was designed and numerically investigated for its suitability for PM sampling. The total flow rate through the instrument was 12.5 lpm; thus, with about five hours sampling, a total mass on the order of a few hundred micrograms in urban areas can be collected for air pollution determination purposes. Measurements were performed in Bangkok, Thailand to obtain mass concentrations, PAHs and carbon content of the sampled material. They show the feasibility of utilizing cascade virtual impaction for simultaneous sampling of various PM fractions and subsequent chemical analysis in air quality research and also give insight into the air pollution burden of this city.
Trail communication in two Messor species, M. meridionalis and M. foreli (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Abstract In two Messor species, M. meridionalis and M. foreli, glandular source, optimum concentration, longevity and interspecific responses of the trail pheromone were studied in the laboratory. Dufour's gland is the sole origin of the trail pheromone, and has no synergism with the content of the poison gland or the hindgut. Secretions of other gaster complex glands, as well as hindgut contents, in fact, did not evoke trail following. The optimum concentration of trail pheromone was found to be one gland equivalent/30 cm trail. This concentration demonstrated effective longevity for about 1 h. Interspecific trail-following tests indicate that signals mediating trail-following behaviour in these harvesting ants are not strictly species-specific.
The effects of parent body processes on amino acids in carbonaceous chondrites

Abstract– To investigate the effect of parent body processes on the abundance, distribution, and enantiomeric composition of amino acids in carbonaceous chondrites, the water extracts from nine different powdered CI, CM, and CR carbonaceous chondrites were analyzed for amino acids by ultra performance liquid chromatography‐fluorescence detection and time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐FD/ToF‐MS). Four aqueously altered type 1 carbonaceous chondrites including Orgueil (CI1), Meteorite Hills (MET) 01070 (CM1), Scott Glacier (SCO) 06043 (CM1), and Grosvenor Mountains (GRO) 95577 (CR1) were analyzed using this technique for the first time. Analyses of these meteorites revealed low levels of two‐ to five‐carbon acyclic amino alkanoic acids with concentrations ranging from approximately 1 to 2,700 parts‐per‐billion (ppb). The type 1 carbonaceous chondrites have a distinct distribution of the five‐carbon (C5) amino acids with much higher relative abundances of the γ‐ and δ‐amino acids compared to the type 2 and type 3 carbonaceous chondrites, which are dominated by α‐amino acids. Much higher amino acid abundances were found in the CM2 chondrites Murchison, Lonewolf Nunataks (LON) 94102, and Lewis Cliffs (LEW) 90500, the CR2 Elephant Moraine (EET) 92042, and the CR3 Queen Alexandra Range (QUE) 99177. For example, α‐aminoisobutyric acid (α‐AIB) and isovaline were approximately 100 to 1000 times more abundant in the type 2 and 3 chondrites compared to the more aqueously altered type 1 chondrites. Most of the chiral amino acids identified in these meteorites were racemic, indicating an extraterrestrial abiotic origin. However, nonracemic isovaline was observed in the aqueously altered carbonaceous chondrites Murchison, Orgueil, SCO 06043, and GRO 95577 with l‐isovaline excesses ranging from approximately 11 to 19%, whereas the most pristine, unaltered carbonaceous chondrites analyzed in this study had no detectable l‐isovaline excesses. These results are consistent with the theory that aqueous alteration played an important role in amplification of small initial left handed isovaline excesses on the parent bodies.