Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Omeprazole hydroxylation is inhibited by a single dose of moclobemide in homozygotic EM genotype for CYP2C19.

AIMS The pharmacokinetics of omeprazole and its metabolites in healthy subjects were evaluated to determine if a single dose of moclobemide inhibited CYP2C19 activity. METHODS Sixteen volunteers, of whom eight were extensive metabolizers (EM) and eight were poor metabolizers for CYP2C19, participated in two studies. Venous blood samples were collected for 24 h after oral ingestion of 40 mg omeprazole with or without 300 mg moclobemide coadministration. The pharmacokinetic change of omeprazole, omeprazole sulphone and 5-hydroxyomeprazole concentrations were assessed to test for an interaction between omeprazole and moclobemide. RESULTS The coadministration of moclobemide in EMs approximately doubled the mean AUC (from 1834 to 3760 ng ml(-1) h) and C(max) (from 987 to 1649 ng ml(-1)) of omeprazole, and increased the AUC of omeprazole sulphone without changing AUC ratio of omeprazole to omeprazole sulphone. Moclobemide coadministration more than doubled the AUC ratio of omeprazole to 5-hydroxyomeprazole (from 2.5 to 5.3) in EMs, too. There was a significant decrease in Cmax and AUC of 5-hydroxyomeprazole in PMs but no significant changes were seen in the results for omeprazole and omeprazole sulphone AUCs. CONCLUSIONS A single dose of moclobemide resulted in significant suppression of CYP2C19 activity in EMs. We conclude that physicians prescribing moclobemide should pay attention to its pharmacokinetic interactions even on the first day of coadministration with CYP2C19 substrates.
A pattern-based approach of radiotherapy scheduling

Abstract In any cancer treatment, waiting times are critical, the faster the patient is treated the more effective the treatment is. Minimizing waiting times is especially difficult in the context of radiotherapy where material and human resources are usually scarce. Although healthcare scheduling is extensively documented, few studies have addressed the specific radiotherapy problem. In this paper we develop an original model of radiotherapy scheduling using an integer linear optimization of a non-block scheduling strategy. In order to outperform previous works, we have introduced the concept of treatment patterns over the entire patient treatment allowing realistic treatment protocols to take place. Results achieved show an improvement of radiotherapy treatment room utilization, a higher number of patients treated along with a decrease in patient waiting times.
Separation of mounting-inducing pheromones of vaginal mucus from estrual heifers.

There is evidence that mucus of the female bovine genital tract contains pheromones that induce physiological and behavioral responses in other animals. To study these pheromones, vaginal mucus was collected from heifers either at estrus or during diestrus. The mucus was then applied to the hindquarters of the same animal during diestrus or to the hindquarters of herdmates during diestrus. The behaviors of the treated animal and its herdmates were then observed. To attempt to isolate the mounting-inducing substance, mucus was dialyzed or separated on ion-exchange resins. Diestrous heifers to which their own estrual mucus has been applied were nearly always mounted by herdmates (P less than .01). But, heifers to which another's estrous mucus had been applied were not mounted. This suggests that vaginal mucus contains not only estrus-related pheromones, but also individual distinctive odors. The dialyzable fraction of vaginal mucus and the neutral fraction, prepared by ion-exchange chromatography of the dialyzable solution of vaginal mucus, had a mounting-inducing activity on the herdmates, as did the application of an animal's own vaginal mucus. These findings suggest that mounting-inducing pheromones are relatively low molecular weight, neutral substances.
ON THE FORMALIST-STRUCTURALIST THEORY OF CHARACTER

The Formalist-Structuralist conception of character is best summed up by the term invented (I think) by Greimas, namely actantiel — the notion that characters are to be conceived äs actants or participants, rather than äs real beings — to avoid what the structuralists take to be a mistaken indulgence in considerations of 'psychological essence'. The structuralists wish to base their analyses strictly on what characters DO in a story, not on what they ARE — by some outside psychological measure. Further, the 'spheres of action' in terms.of which the character is manifested are 'comparatively small in number, typical and classable'. For Propp, characters are simply the products of their functions in narratives, what it is that the Russian fairy-tale requires them to do:
An Empirical Analysis of US and EU Antidumping Initiation and Decision

This paper examines the relationship between antidumping procedures and macroeconomic factors, for both the US and EU. While recent research has considered the influence of domestic economic growth and exchange rate pressures on antidumping filings, this paper extends this work by using quarterly data and expanding the set of macroeconomic indicators to include the import penetration rate. Another contribution of this paper is to investigate more fully the rationale for a role of macroeconomic phenomena in explaining antidumping decisions by the relevant enforcement agencies. We use case-specific data for the US and the EU to investigate the macroeconomic and industry-level determinants of success. To the extent that macroeconomic indicators influence AD filing behavior (and success) in both the US and EU - implying that AD has become simply import protection rather than a remedy for unfair practices - it suggests the need for reform of WTO rules governing the administration of trade laws world-wide.
Case report- Treatment of refractory prurigonodularis with Goeckerman therapy in a pediatric patient

M fungoides (MF) is the most common primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. In skin-limited disease, MF varies from patches, plaques and infiltrated tumours. In such case, treatment modalities targeting the skin are very helpful. Phototherapy is widely used for such purposes. However, there is an urgent need for multicenter trials involving defined patient populations using rigorous assessment criteria. Psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) is the standard treatment for early and skin-limited stages of MF. There have been no adequate randomized controlled trials with sufficient power comparing this modality with other therapies. A phase III randomized clinical study (EORTC 21011, NCT 00056056) has been conducted in order to assess disease response and to compare combined bexarotene (Targretin®) and PUVA vs. PUVA alone in patients with stage IB and IIA MF. The primary endpoint of this study was the overall response rate [complete clinical response (CCR) plus partial response (PR)]. The median duration of response was 9.7 months for PUVA vs. 5.8 months for the combination arm (P=0.33). CCR was seen in 25 patients of whom 10 received PUVA alone (CCR 22%) and 15 received combination therapy (CCR 31%) (P=0.45). There was a trend towards fewer PUVA sessions needed to achieve CCR in the combination arm (median 22) compared with the PUVA arm (median 27.5) (P=0.11). Similarly, a trend towards lower UVA dose required to achieve CCR in the combination arm (median 55.8 J cm-2 ) compared with the PUVA arm alone (median 117.5 J cm-2 ) (P=0.5) was observed. No significant difference in response rate or response duration was observed in this study. However, there was a trend towards fewer PUVA sessions and lower UVA dose required to achieve CCR in the combination arm (PUVA + bexarotene).
Effects of thermal annealing on C/FePt granular multilayers: in situ and ex situ studies

The comprehensive study of C/FePt granular multilayers prepared by ion-beam sputtering at room temperature and subsequent annealing is reported. The as-deposited multilayers consist of carbon-encapsulated FePt nanoparticles (average size ∼3 nm) with a disordered face-centered-cubic structure. The effects of thermal annealing on the structural and magnetic properties are investigated by using dedicated ex situ and in situ techniques, including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, extended x-ray absorption fine structure, magnetometry, and coupled grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering and x-ray diffraction. Our structural data show that the particle size and interparticle distance increase slightly with annealing at temperatures below 790 K by thermally activated migration of Fe and Pt atoms. We find that thermal annealing at temperatures above 870 K results in the dramatic growth of the FePt nanoparticles by coalescence and their gradual L10 ordering. In addition, we observe a preferential graphitization of the carbon matrix, which provides protection against oxidation for the FePt nanoparticles. Magnetization measurements indicate that progressive magnetic hardening occurs after annealing. The dependences of the blocking temperature, saturation magnetization, coercivity, and magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy on the annealing temperature are discussed on the basis of the structural data.
The question concerning information technology: thinking with Heidegger on the essence of information technology

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this chapter is to explore the essence of information technology using the work of Martin Heidegger. In particular I will refer to his well-known 1954 essay, The Question Concerning Technology (Heidegger, 1977d). It is hoped that the ideas put forward by Heidegger in this work can be extended to include also information technologywhich may help us say something about the Internet. Since his essay appeared, machine technologythe emphasis in his essayhas been overtaken by a much more pervasive technologyinformation technology. The question then becomes: can the notions of technology developed by Heidegger be extended to include information technology? If this can be done, what is the implication of this for our understanding of information technology today? In particular how can it help us reflect on the management of the Internet?
Steroid metabolism by the seminiferous tubules in vitro and spermatogenesis in the developing rat.

Androgens are capable of maintaining the progressive development of the germ cells in immature male rats which have either been hypophysectomized or treated with compounds which interfere with the release and/or secretion of gonadotrophins Similar results have also been obtained in adult male rats Studies on steroid metabolism in vitro by isolated seminiferous tubules of rats denuded of their germ cells by heat\x=req-\ treatment has led to the view that not only Leydig cells but also Sertoli cells may be a major source of androgens (Collins, Bell & Similar conclusions have also been reached by Ellis & van Kampen (1971) from studies on tubules in which the ratio of Sertoli cells to germ cells was altered artificially by irradiation. Since there appear to be two main sources of androgens in the testis, spermatogenesis may be dependent upon testosterone produced by the Leydig cells, by the Sertoli cells or by both. Changes in testosterone production in vitro by the interstitium of developing rats have been reported previously (Tsang, Lacy & Collins, 1973). In the present work, the relationship between spermatogenesis and steroid metabolism in vitro by isolated tubules has been studied in the rat from pre-puberty to maturity. This approach has also provided an opportunity to examine steroid metabolism by the tubules under conditions in which there was a naturally occurring change in the ratio of Sertoli cells to germ cells. Since changes in testosterone production during development may be regulated by 5ce-reductase activity
DE LA REPRESENTACIO DE L'ACCENT*

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A Multi-Terminal Pressure Sensor with enhanced sensitivity

This paper describes the design, microfabrication and characterization of a CMOS compatible Multi-Terminal Pressure Sensor (MTPS). This sensor is an alternative to the pressure sensors based on the conventional silicon Wheatstone piezoresistive bridge (WB) or four-terminal piezotransducers. The layout of the MTPS is designed in such a way that the sensor sensitivity is effectively improved and the short-circuit effects, which are modeled by the Geometrical Correction Factor (G), can be minimized. The sensor design was supported by Finite Element Method (FEM). The MTPS sensitivity amounts to 4,8 mV/psi.
Accuracy of Ankle Intra-articular Injections

Purpose: Blind intra-articular injections (BIAI) of various joints are performed for diagnosis and treatments of different pathologies in sport medicine, rheumatology, general practice and orthopaedics. The gold standard for any joint injection is image guidance but studies have shown higher accuracy for BIAI. Objective of this study was to evaluate the intraoperative success and accuracy of ankle joint intra-articular injections. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients were assessed. Mean age was 34.11 years (range 18 to 80). Three orthopaedic surgeons of a variable skill level carried out all ankle joints insufflation with a 14G sterile needle and physiological saline. The result was recorded as positive when a back flow of saline was seen during the insertion of the arthroscopic trocar, indicating that the joint capsule was breached. If no back-flow of saline was seen, this was recorded as a negative result. No further attempts to re-position or re-apply the needle were made if unsuccessful at the first attempt. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 21.0 (IBM Corp. 2012). Data was organised into contingency tables and analysed with Fishers’ exact test (two-sided, 95% confidence interval). Results: In total 78 male and 22 female patients were included in the study. Of the 100 injections performed 63 were intra-articular (translating to an accuracy rate of 63%). The pre-operative diagnosis affected the accuracy. This was found to be significant (p<0.0001). The side of surgery also affected the accuracy and this was also found to be significant (p<0.02). Conclusion: The results of this study have demonstrated that blind intra-articular injection of the ankle joint is not incredibly accurate. Despite the high skill level of an experienced foot and ankle surgeon, only 63% of injections were placed successfully into the ankle joint. This study therefore stresses the importance of using image guidance when performing ankle joint injections for diagnostic and therapeutic reasons. Levels of evidence: Level III
Communication Skills for Preventive Interventions

Effective communication relevant to preventive services and practices has at its basis the physician's skills in not only basic history taking and data collection but also relationship building, facilitation, negotiation, and partnership. These skills, fundamental to doctor-patient communication, are now routinely and systematically taught in many U.S. medical schools. This article defines and examines a communication model for enhancing the provision and adoption of preventive practices in the primary care setting and discusses teaching that model in the medical school context. Within the office visit, broad areas for communication tasks important to providing preventive services are defined as: (1) the medical interview and preventive counseling; (2) working with patients to change unhealthy behaviors, promote healthy behaviors, and enhance adherence; and (3) communication related to office procedures for screening and prevention. Within each of these areas, communication and counseling skills and approaches are defined, and examples of associated prevention activities are provided. Methods for integrating communication skills for prevention into the medical school curriculum are discussed, and examples at Dartmouth, Brown, and MCP Hahnemann medical schools are presented.
The relationship between colonic diverticulosis and abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat accumulation measured by abdominal CT scan.

BACKGROUND/AIMS Besides age, risk factors for colonic diverticular disease include dietary meat intake and Western lifestyles, which are also risk factors for obesity. However, the association between obesity and colonic diverticular disease, including diverticulosis and diverticulitis, is not well established. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between colonic diverticulosis and obesity using abdominal fat quantified by abdominal CT scan and lipid profiles, as well as body mass index (BMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study based on a retrospective case note review, we enrolled 133 subjects (control group (n=55), diverticulosis group (31), and diverticulitis group (47)). Abdominal fat areas (total abdominal fat, visceral fat, subcutaneous fat) were quantified by abdominal CT scan. Serum lipid profiles and BMI were checked. Statistical analysis was performed by independent t-tests, with significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS In the diverticulosis group, total abdominal fat area, visceral fat area, and abdominal subcutaneous fat area were all larger than those of the control and diverticulitis groups. In the diverticulitis group, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and BMI were lower than in the control and diverticulosis groups. There were no significant differences between the three groups in visceral-to-subcutaneous abdominal fat ratios and serum triglyceride levels. CONCLUSION In conclusion, obesity may predispose one to occurrence of colonic diverticulosis. Abdominal fat measurement by CT scan may be a good method of assessing risk of colonic diverticular disease.
The impact of social context on socio-demographic risk factors for suicide: a synthesis of data from case–control studies

Background and objective While risk factors for suicide have been established, the impact of social context in moderating the impact of these factors is poorly understood. Methods Data from case–control studies published between 1950 and 2006 that examined socio-demographic risk factors for suicide in clinical, occupational and general populations were extracted. Odds ratios for risk factors for suicide (employment, ethnicity, living circumstances and marital status) were correlated with the prevalence of these risk factors among controls. Results Data were extracted from 54 studies. Negative correlations were demonstrated for the odds ratio and prevalence of unemployment (ρ=−0.73), living alone (ρ=−0.46) and being from an ethnic minority community (ρ=−0.68). Conclusion The impact of some socio-demographic risk factors for suicide appears to be accentuated when they are less prevalent in the population from which cases are derived. When assessing an individual's risk of suicide, consideration should be given to the prevalence of risk factors in the area where the individual lives.
Binding Site for Blood Coagulation Factor Xa Involving Residues 311–325 in Factor Va*

Factor Va inactivation by activated protein C is associated with cleavages at Arg306, Arg506, and Arg679 with Arg306cleavage causing the major activity loss. To study functional roles of the Arg306 region, overlapping 15-mer peptides representing the sequence of factor Va residues 271–345 were synthesized and screened for anticoagulant activities. The peptide containing residues 311–325 (VP311) noncompetitively inhibited prothrombin activation by factor Xa, but only in the presence of factor Va. Fluorescence studies showed that VP311 bound to fluorescence-labeled 5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl-Glu-Gly-Arg factor Xa in solution with a K d of 70 μm. Diisopropylphosphoryl factor Xa and factor Xa but not factor VII/VIIa or prothrombin bound to immobilized VP311 with relatively high affinity. These results support the hypothesis that residues 311–325, which are positioned between the A1 and A2 domains of factor Va and likely exposed to solvent, contribute to the binding of factor Xa by factor Va. Based on this hypothesis, it is suggested that cleavage by activated protein C at Arg306 in factor Va not only severs the covalent connection between the A1 and A2 domains but also disrupts the environment and structure of residues 311–325, thereby down-regulating the binding of factor Xa to factor Va.
Elevated Levels of Coagulation Factor VIII in Patients With Venous Leg Ulcers

Chronic venous disease affects millions of people around the world. Venous valvular incompetencies and venous reflux, often a result of outflow obstruction are important contributors to venous disease. The prevalence of thrombophilia is increased in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). The recognition of underlying thrombophilia particularly in young patients opens new avenues in the management and prevention plan. We emphasize on the consideration of workup for coagulopathy, especially factor VIII deficiency in young patients with venous disease. We report 3 patients with chronic leg ulcers and high levels of FVIII:C activity in plasma and other associated thrombophilic factors. We highlight the need to get a workup done for thrombophilia in young patients with recurrent and chronic leg ulcers related to venous insufficiency or livedoid vasculopathy. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to define the definite indications for the thrombophilia workups.