Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accurate classification of 28 objects detected in the 39 months Palermo Swift/BAT hard X-ray catalogue

Through an optical campaign performed at 4 telescopes located in the northern and the southern hemispheres, plus archival data from two on-line sky surveys, we have obtained optical spectroscopy for 28 counterparts of unclassified or poorly studi ed hard X-ray emitting objects detected with Swift/BAT and listed in the 39 months Palermo Swift/BAT hard X-ray catalogue. We have been able to pinpoint the optical counterpart of these high energy sources by means of X-ray observations taken with Swift/XRT or XMM which allowed us to restrict the positional uncertainty from few arcmin to few arcsec; satellite data also provided information on the X-ray spectra of these objects. We find that 7 sources in our sample are Type 1 AG N while 20 are Type 2 AGN, with their redshifts lying between 0.009 and 0.075; the remaining object is a Galactic cataclysmic variable (CV). In this work we provide optical information for all 28 sources and the results of the soft X-ray analysis of 3 out of 5 AGN observed with XMM/Newton.
Scattering and semi-classical asymptotics for periodic Schrödinger operators with oscillating decaying potential

In the semi-classical regime (i.e., h s 0), we study the effect of an oscillating decaying potential V ( hy, y ) on the periodic Schrodinger operator H . The potential V ( x, y ) is assumed to be smooth, periodic with respect to y and tends to zero as | x | → ∞. We prove the existence of O ( h −n ) eigenvalues in each gap of the operator H + V ( hy, y ). We also establish a Weyl type asymptotics formula of the counting function of eigenvalues with optimal remainder estimate. We give a weak and pointwise asymptotic expansions in powers of h of the spectral shift function corresponding to the pair ( H + V ( hy, y ), H ). Finally, under some analytic assumption on the potential V we prove the existence of shape resonances, and we give their asymptotic expansions in powers of h 1/2 . All our results depend on the Floquet eigenvalues corresponding to the periodic Schrodinger operator H + V ( x, y ), (here x is a parameter).
Study on Salivary Glands α-amylase In Wheat Bug Eurygaster maura (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae)

α-amylase activity in the salivary glands of Eurygaster maura was determined by biochemical experiments. Some of adult insect was collected and their salivary glands isolated and characterized. Enzyme samples from salivary glands of adults were prepared by the method of Cohen with slight modifications. α-Amylase activity was assayed based on Bernfeld method by the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) procedure. The activity of α-amylase in salivary glands was 0.050 U/insect. The optimum pH and temperature for the enzyme activity was determined to be 6.5-7 and 30-35°C, respectively. The enzyme activity was inhibited by addition of EDTA (Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid) urea, CaCl2, MgCl2 and SDS but Mg2+, NaCl and KCl enhanced enzyme activity.
Investigating the Effect of Phosphorus, Potassium and Weed Management on Forage and Seed Yield of Alfalfa Ecotypes (Medicago sativa L.)

In order to investigate fertilizing and weed management effects on forage and seed yield of alfalfa ecotypes, a field trial was conducted during 2008-2009 growing season at Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center, Mashhad-Iran. Alfalfa ecotypes including (Ghareghozlo, Hoakmabad, Malekkandi, Kozre, Faminin, Galebani, Rahnani, Shorkat, Chaleshtar, Ghareaghaj, Gharoghlogh, Ordobad, Sedighan, Silvana, Sahandava, Ghahavand, Mohajerankaraj and Mashhad) were allocated to main plots; sub plots consisted of two levels of none fertilizing and fertilization treatments using simultaneous application of potassium sulphate and phosphate triple at rates of 150 and 350 K/ha, respectively and sub-sub plots were allocated to weeding and none weeding treatments based on a complete randomized block design in a split- split-plot scheme with three replicates. Results showed that the effect of ecotype on forage yield was not significant. Gharoghlogh and Silvana produced the highest (18270 kg/ha) and the lowest (14630 kg/ha) green forage yield, respectively at both cuttings (first and second cuts). The interaction of fertilization and weeding on forage yield was significant (p<0.01). On the other hand, with application of fertilizer, forage yield 11.74% was increased and it was enhanced 26.93% by manual weeding. Furthermore, results revealed that ecotype fertilizer interaction was significant (p<0.05) for weed dry weight. Ecotype weeding interaction was significant (p<0.05) for number of seed per pod and seed weight (p<0.01). In addition, fertilizer weeding interaction was significant (p<0.05) for number of seed per plant. Among the treatments, highest number of seed per plant was produced by fertilizer and weeding treatment (2734) and the lowest one was obtained by non-fertilizer and non-weeding treatment (559.5).
Comparison of Microwave and Optical Cloud Water Path Estimates From TMI, MODIS, and MISR

[1] This study investigated the consistency between microwave and optical water path estimates of oceanic clouds from Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR). We used microwave estimates from the Wentz algorithm for warm, nonprecipitating clouds and both Wentz retrievals and standard TMI profiles for cold, precipitating clouds. Optical estimates were derived from cloud optical thickness and particle effective radius. For warm, nonprecipitating clouds the two methods showed good agreement at the 25-km resolution of the microwave measurements, with liquid water path means being within 5–10%, an overall correlation of 0.85, and RMS difference of � 25 g m � 2 . Multiangle optical retrievals showed only weak variations with view zenith angle, building further confidence in the results. An error analysis suggested that optical estimates were more certain than microwave ones, primarily because 1-D plane-parallel radiative transfer seemed to apply well at the coarser comparison scales. However, there appeared to be a slight but systematic dependence on cloud amount as microwave retrievals increasingly overestimated optical ones at cloud fractions below � 65%. For cold, precipitating clouds we tested three common interpretations of optical retrievals: liquid water path, ice water path, and total water path. The relationship between microwave and optical estimates was weak in all cases, with correlations no more than 0.5, and RMS differences at least an order of magnitude larger than for warm clouds. The weakest correlation (0.37) was found when optical retrievals were interpreted as ice water paths. If anything, optical estimates appeared best correlated with microwave cloud liquid water paths.
Synthesis and characterization of the electrospun fibers prepared from waste polymeric materials

Recently, the demands for the production of many different types of plastic wastes are greatly growing that subsequently, lead to the serious challenges in environmental considerations. Since, these materials are rarely resolved by microorganisms, hence, their recycling to the useful materials is crucial. In the present study, we used a solution electrospinning technique to synthesize nano/micro fibers. SEM and FTIR analyses were performed for characterization of the prepared samples. The investigations obviously confirmed the formation of nano/microfibers of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS) and polycarbonate (PC) from the related waste plastics. To investigate the effect of various operational parameters of electrospinning method, the effect of the used needle diameter and voltage difference was taken into consideration.
A robust seeding technique for the growth of single grain (RE)BCO and (RE)BCO–Ag bulk superconductors

Bulk, single grains of RE–Ba–Cu–O [(RE)BCO] high temperature superconductors have significant potential for a wide range of applications, including trapped field magnets, energy storage flywheels, superconducting mixers and magnetic separators. One of the main challenges in the production of these materials by the so-called top seeded melt growth technique is the reliable seeding of large, single grains, which are required for high field applications. A chemically aggressive liquid phase comprising of BaCuO2 and CuO is generated during the single grain growth process, which comes into direct contact with the seed crystal either instantaneously or via infiltration through a buffer pellet, if employed in the process. This can cause either partial or complete melting of the seed, leading subsequently to growth failure. Here, the underlying mechanisms of seed crystal melting and the role of seed porosity in the single grain growth process are investigated. We identify seed porosity as a key limitation in the reliable and successful fabrication of large grain (RE)BCO bulk superconductors for the first time, and propose the use of Mg-doped NdBCO generic seeds fabricated via the infiltration growth technique to reduce the effects of seed porosity on the melt growth process. Finally, we demonstrate that the use of such seeds leads to better resistance to melting during the single grain growth process, and therefore to a more reliable fabrication technique.
College choice, selection, and allocation mechanisms: A structural empirical analysis

We use rich microeconomic data on performance and choices of students at college entry to analyze interactions between the selection mechanism, eliciting college preferences through exams, and the allocation mechanism. We set up a framework in which success probabilities and student preferences are shown to be identified from data on their choices and their exam grades under exclusion restrictions and support conditions. The counterfactuals we consider balance the severity of congestion and the quality of the match between schools and students. Moving to deferred acceptance or inverting the timing of choices and exams are shown to increase welfare. Redistribution among students and among schools is also sizeable in all counterfactual experiments.
An Investigation of the Use of Heuristics on Judgment

How and when are individuals more or less influenced by heuristics when making judgments? The first essay of my dissertation examines whether individuals can reduce their reliance on heuristics that cause them to form biased judgments. According to Kahneman and Frederick (2002, 2005), people have a tendency to commit judgmental biases by basing their judgments on accessible heuristic cues (heuristic attributes) rather than relevant cues (target attributes). This prevalent tendency to substitute an inaccessible (but relevant) attribute with an accessible (but irrelevant) attribute results in a biased judgment. To eliminate people’s tendency to rely on heuristics, the first essay of my dissertation examines whether it is possible to make the target attribute more readily accessible in individuals’ minds by merely exposing individuals to the relevant cue – the target attribute using a non-conscious prime. I demonstrate that brief exposure (20 milliseconds) of the target attribute can increase the accessibility of the target attribute and reduce judgmental biases. The second essay of my dissertation examines the easeof-retrieval heuristic. Previous research has shown that the ease of retrieving information leads to more favorable judgments, whereas the difficulty of retrieving information leads to less favorable judgments (Menon & Raghubir, 2003; Schwarz et al., 1991; Tormala, Petty, & Briñol,
RUNNING HEAD: LEARNING BEHAVIOUR AND OUTCOMES: THE ROLE FOR SOCIAL INFLUENCE 1 Learning behaviour & learning outcomes: the roles for social influence and field of study

Research has demonstrated a significant role of discipline social identification in predicting learning approaches, even controlling for individual differences. Smyth, Mavor, Platow, Grace and Reynolds. (2015) suggest that learners share disciplinebased social identifications, and that this identification, in combination with relevant norms, influences the adoption of learning approaches. The current paper extends this analysis in two directions. First, the effect of broad field of study is examined for systematic differences across content domains. Secondly, the model examines effects on student perceptions of teaching quality and intentions to continue within a discipline. Results provide support for Smyth et al.’s (2015) model, demonstrating links between discipline identification, perceived norms, learning approaches and outcomes. Strongly identified students, students who perceived deep learning norms and students taking a deep learning approach all reported more positive outcomes. Disciplinary variations in responses to learning approaches and outcomes were also found, broadly in line with that found in the Biglan-Becher literature. RUNNING HEAD: LEARNING BEHAVIOUR AND OUTCOMES: THE ROLE FOR SOCIAL INFLUENCE 3 Learning behaviour and learning outcomes: the roles for social influence and field of study.
Municipal Solid Waste and its Management in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh: A Source of Energy

This study focuses on existing and an improved solid waste management system of Rajshahi City Corporation (RCC) area for improving its inhabitants’ environmental health. The improved management system shows that energy can be recovered from solid waste. The paper also focuses on the characterisation and composition of municipal solid waste including moisture content and calorific value. The data shows that the moisture content in city waste is significantly higher with the calorific value of 15.51 MJ/kg and recoverable electrical energy is 4.482MWh/day approximately. Furthermore, the paper recommends the appropriate technology for solid waste disposal in the area of RCC to attain its goals.
Prevalence of helminthic infection among primary school children in some selected primary schools in municipal local government area, Kano state, Nigeria

The research was conducted to study the prevalence of helminthic infection among primary school children in some selected primary schools in municipal local government area, Kano state. A total of 100 hundred school children between the ages group of 6-12 years old were examined for intestinal helminth infections using direct wet method and formol-ether concentration technique. The samples were collected from both sexes and were processed. Of the 100 pupils examined, 72.0% were infected with one or a combination of the worms with Ascaris having the highest prevalence rate (31.0%) followed by hookworm (19.0%), Schistosoma (8.0%), Enterobius (8.0%), Strongyloides (6.0%) had the least rate of infection as shown in table 3. The prevalence of infection of helminth parasite among schools ranged between (A) 17(23.62%), (B) 14(19.4%), (C) 12(16.67%), (D) 15(20.83%), and (E) 14(19.44%) with no significant difference in the prevalence of infection between schools (p>0.05). Table 1 shows that out of 100 pupils examined, 40(40.0%) males and 60(60.0%) females respectively, of these 27(67.5%) males and 45(75.0) females were infected, the difference not significant (p>0.05). Of the 72 infected subject 17(23.6%) have multiple infection with 11(15.3%) and 6(8.4%) having double and triple infections respectively. Ascaris occur mostly with other helminth, Ascaris lumbricoides+ hookworm and Ascaris +enterobius vermicularis+ hookworm mostly were more common occurring combinations.
How Do Designated Market Makers Create Value for Small-Caps?

A poor liquidity level and a high liquidity risk significantly raise the required return for small-cap stocks. Euronext allows these firms to hire designated market makers (DMMs) who guarantee a minimum liquidity supply for a lump sum annual fee. In an event study based on 74 DMM stocks, we find that the contract improves liquidity level, reduces liquidity risk, and generates an average abnormal return of 3.5%. DMMs participate in more trades and incur a trading loss on high quoted-spread days (days when their constraint is likely to bind). Finally, DMMs reduce the size of pricing errors.
How to Combat Littering - an Analysis with a Focus on the Czech Republic

The work attempts to comprehend why littering is so extensive and, with the use of several findings provided in Gary S. Becker's article entitled “Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach”, to explain why under current conditions more waste discarded in the environment can be expected. The article was created from the perspective of the Czech Republic, where the author lives. He analysed some past research carried out by other scientists and institutions from all over the world, and he was also observing the situation in different Czech regions in order to approximately learn how large the problem with littering in his country is and what kind of litter can be found in the Czech nature. Afterwards, the author decided to address the Ministry of the Environment of the Czech Republic so as to learn what measures were planned to be taken in order to significantly reduce littering. As a result of all this, the author himself decided to pay special attention to beverage containers and proposed to impose mandatory deposits on them in order to reduce the volume of litter that can be found out of the appropriate places. The author, basing his arguments on findings of other authors, gets to the conclusion that such a measure – provided that some conditions are respected – can work anywhere in the world, beverage containers not being the only type of litter suitable for this step.
A BEM study on the effect of source-receiver path route and length on attenuation of direct sound and floor reflection within a chamber orchestra

In past work stage acoustic parameters have been used with limited success to assess musicians‟ subjective impressions of acoustic conditions. These parameters are commonly measured either on unoccupied stages, or on stages with furniture only (no musicians) but with a radius of 2 m cleared around both the source and receiver. This study investigates the validity of undertaking such measures on unoccupied stages, by considering the difference in on stage sound fields with and without a chamber orchestra present. This paper uses a previously validated BEM (boundary element method) model of a chamber orchestra for this investigation, and examines six source-receiver paths within the orchestra, two distinct paths each of three different lengths. Consideration is also given to the impact of randomly perturbing the orchestra for each of the six paths, and to the most appropriate distance to clear around the source and receiver to avoid significantly impacting results while maintaining a realistic stage set-up. Using the results of the BEM orchestra model, it was found that, in contrast to the 2.0 m normally recommended, a clear radius of 0.5 m was a good compromise between giving consistent results and clearing too much from the stage for meaningful results. It was also found that the attenuation was strongly affected by path length, but weakly affected by the path route or by perturbations of the orchestra set-up, and corrections are proposed to empty stage measurements (of direct sound and floor reflection only) to account for the presence of an orchestra on stage, for several source-receiver distances.
The geography of semidiurnal mode‐1 internal‐tide energy loss

The semidiurnal mode‐1 internal tide receives 0.1–0.3 TW from the surface tide and is capable of propagating across ocean basins. The ultimate fate of mode‐1 energy after long‐distance propagation is poorly constrained by existing observations and numerical simulations. Here, global results from a two‐dimensional semi‐analytical model indicate that topographic scattering is inefficient at most locations deeper than 2500 m. Next, results from a one‐dimensional linear model with realistic topography and stratification create a map of mode‐1 scattering coefficients along the continental margins. On average, mode‐1 internal tides lose about 60% of their energy upon impacting the continental margins: 20% transmits onto the continental shelf, 40% scatters to higher modes, and 40% reflects back to the ocean interior. These analyses indicate that the majority of mode‐1 energy is likely lost at large topographic features (e.g., continental slopes, seamounts, and mid‐ocean ridges), where it may drive elevated turbulent mixing.
Positive Psychological Functioning: evidence for a new construct and its measurement

In 2007, the Institute of Happiness conducted one of the most ambitious studies ever done on this subject in Spain. Many different variables were measured: socio-demographics and psychological, (the latter through new instruments) and all were applied to a representative sample of 3000 participants of the Spanish population. Study 1 of this research used that database. The objective of this Study was to understand how key psychological resources are organized (Autonomy, Resilience, Self-Esteem, Purpose in life, Enjoyment, Optimism, Curiosity, Creativity, Humor, Environmental mastery and Vitality). The purpose of Study 2 was to replicate the results of Study 1 and to test the psychometrical properties of the new scales used in Study 1, but using a sample of 130 college students. This research proves that key psychological resources are interconnected, forming a second order construct we call Positive Psychological Functioning (PPF), and, it develops a new Spanish scale to assess it. This measure is formed with 11 subscales each containing three items. This scale structure allows a general and a specific assessment of PPF and, in consequence, of human psychological well-being.
Vitamin K2 in Animal Health: An Overview

The role of vitamin K in animal health has not received much attention. Vitamin K studies have, for the most part, addressed the use of animals in the investigation of vitamin K physiology and pathophysiology, often using the rodent as a model system. However, vitamin K performs the same role in animals as it does in man and there are areas, such as animal nutrition, where a better understanding of animal requirements in general, and with ageing, could benefit animal health and continued well‐being.
Intentions to move from homelessness to social inclusion: the role of participation beliefs, attitudes and prior behaviour

A key aim of homelessness services is not only to ensure that homeless people attain a secure home, but that this is a pathway to wider social inclusion. However, relatively little is known about the psychological elements that are essential for homeless people to engage with these pathways, nor whether these elements combine in ways that are predictable from previous research. In the present work, we examined both demographic and behavioural precursors, and contemporaneous psychological predictors, of a set of 49 homeless men’s intentions to engage with a programme to move them toward long-term housing and social inclusion. Contrary to predictions based on subjective utility and rational choice theories, we found that normative pressure and did not directly predict the men’s intentions. Instead, we found that intentions were predicted by their attitudes towards the services, and their specific beliefs about the benefits of particular courses of action (efficacy beliefs), and to a more restricted extent their experience (sociodemographics); and in those with high prior service use histories, only participatory beliefs guided future service use intentions. These findings suggest that it is important to focus on intentions as a highly relevant outcome of interventions, because beliefs about interventions can break the link between past behaviour or habitual service use and future service use. Such interventions may be particularly effective if they focus on the evaluative and efficacy-related aspects of behaviour over time and better understand the benefits the men evaluated the services as offering them.