Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pressure drop analysis in the CS insert coil

The Central Solenoid Model Coil (CSMC) and the CS Insert Coil (CSIC) were tested during the spring and summer of 2000 at JAERI Naka, Japan, within the framework of the ITER large projects. The CSIC is a single-layer one-in-hand solenoid inserted in the bore of the CSMC. It uses a Nb3Sn dual-channel cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC), about 140 m long, cooled by forced flow supercritical HeI nominally at 4.5 K and 0.6 MPa. The friction of the helium flow in the conductor plays a fundamental role in assessing the total mass-flow rate and its repartition between the central cooling channel and the annular bundle region. In turn, these may significantly influence, e.g., quench and/or heat slug propagation in the coil. In the CSIC these issues are complicated further by the fact that different friction characteristics were observed in different phases (e.g., with or without current) of the experimental campaign. Here we present and discuss a selection of the CSIC experimental data of pressure drop vs. mass-flow.
Occurrence of thrushes in an urban fragment of Araucaria forest in southern Brazil

Seasonal segregation among syntopic species can be viewed as one of the available strategies for coexistence, reducing competitive process. The present work therefore aimed to interpret the assemblage structures comprising birds of the genus Turdus (Turdidae), through the analysis of seasonal variation in the species occurrence in a forest remnant located in the southcenter State of Parana. Mist-netting was employed twice a month for capturing birds, totalling an annual effort of 7488 h.m2. The frequency of occurrence, constancy and class of species dominance was determined, together with the parameters generally used in studies of ecological communities (richness, abundance, diversity and evenness). A total of 162 individuals were captured, representing five species. Turdus rufiventris was the most constant and frequent species. Turdus amaurochalinus and Turdus leucomelas were captured with variable constancies and frequencies along the seasons. Turdus amaurochalinus was also very common and may present an overlapping process between migrant and non-migrant individuals during spring. Turdus albicolis was considered accessory, whereas Turdus subalaris was only registered during the reproductive period. Hence, it was possible to observe that seasonal modifications occurred both in the frequency of occurrence and in the constancy and dominance of species. These results indicated the possibility of a lower use of the environment during the breeding season, as well as the presence of a higher number of individuals in summer and increased abundance of Turdus rufiventris and T. leucomelas during autumn and winter.
Buyer-supplier relationships in a period of recession: The role of satisfaction in repeat patronage and the propensity to initiate price negotiation

This article examines buyer-supplier relationships in a period of economic recession. More specifically, the article investigates the role of buyer-supplier cooperation, conflict and trust in customer satisfaction by using data collected in a period of recession. Furthermore, the article explores the influence of satisfaction on repeat patronage and customers’ propensity to initiate price negotiation. The authors propose and test a model of the buyer-supplier relationship. Quantitative data gathered from 300 Danish firms are used to analyze the hypothesized relationships via structural equation modeling. A cross-sectional design was used. Future research might use a longitudinal design to explore developments in buyer-supplier relationships. The data regarding the buyer-supplier relationship were collected from a single informant. The results support several of the stated hypotheses. Buyer-supplier cooperation enhances customer satisfaction, partly by reducing conflict and building trust. Furthermore, satisfied customers are inclined toward repeat patronage and are less likely to launch price negotiations when facing a financial crisis. For industrial suppliers, this study clearly indicates that cooperation, through its positive relationship with trust and its ability to reduce conflict, has a positive impact on satisfaction, which in turn increases repeat patronage and reduces the tendency of customers toward price negotiation. Future studies might include more informants from the customer firm and/or from the supplier firm to improve the validity of the measures and better assess the reliability of the results.
Gender “Polarity”: Theoretical Aspects of Somali Nominal Morphology

The concept of polarity (Meinhof 1912) stands for a widely recognized principle said to be operative in the Afroasiatic languages, the core case being the polarity patterns of gender reversals in Cushitic. As is quite well-known, only internal plurals seem to keep the same gender as the base singular form in Somali: diin (m) ‘tortoise’ / diin-a-n (m) ‘tortoises’ (see section 3.2.2). Other plurals, whether prosodic plurals (arday ‘student’ (m) / arday ‘students’ (f)) or plurals derived by suffixation (inan (m) ‘boy’ / inam-(m)o (f) ‘boys,’ gabadh (f) ‘girl’ / gabdh-o (m) ‘girls,’ hooyo (f) ‘mother’ / hooyo-oyin (m) ‘mothers,’ etc.), seem systematically “polaric. ” However, both empirical (including historical) and theoretical considerations suggest that the concept of polarity, as a principle of grammar, is hardly plausible, and that a more articulate account is required. In this paper, I explore the possibility of deriving the observed polarity effects from a more abstract property of nominal number in Somali, namely the fact that plural affixes are nominal categories which behave like other nominal affixes with a fixed inherent gender. The account will rest on a derivational view of plural formation, leading to an unified treatment of these forms which explains many of their syntactic and morphological peculiarities, such as the
A Weighted Block Dictionary Learning Algorithm for Classification

Discriminative dictionary learning, playing a critical role in sparse representation based classification, has led to state-of-the-art classification results. Among the existing discriminative dictionary learning methods, two different approaches, shared dictionary and class-specific dictionary, which associate each dictionary atom to all classes or a single class, have been studied. The shared dictionary is a compact method but with lack of discriminative information; the class-specific dictionary contains discriminative information but consists of redundant atoms among different class dictionaries. To combine the advantages of both methods, we propose a new weighted block dictionary learning method. This method introduces proto dictionary and class dictionary. The proto dictionary is a base dictionary without label information. The class dictionary is a class-specific dictionary, which is a weighted proto dictionary. The weight value indicates the contribution of each proto dictionary block when constructing a class dictionary. These weight values can be computed conveniently as they are designed to adapt sparse coefficients. Different class dictionaries have different weight vectors but share the same proto dictionary, which results in higher discriminative power and lower redundancy. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has better classification results compared with several dictionary learning algorithms.
The EIT coil-like structure in the March 20, 2000 eruptive prominence

The evolution of the March 20, 2000 prominence eruption observed in the 195 A (EIT/SOHO), H α , (MDI/SOHO), 1–3 GHz radio and hard X-ray (BATSE) was analyzed. A unique EIT coil-like structure with a hot core, indicating an electric current, was observed at the beginning of the prominence eruption. This structure with about 5 turns was associated with the reverse drift radio bursts at 1.0–2.5 GHz and the 33–57 keV hard X-ray emission. The hot core observation confirmed our recent suggestion about heating inside the eruptive prominence. Comparing the form of the EIT filament in the pre-eruption phase with the magnetic field map the presence of the electric current was confirmed. It was suggested that the relatively slow drifts of the reverse drift bursts can be due to a beam propagating in a vertical coil-like (helical) structure. Plasma processes and parameters in the eruptive prominence were discussed.
Targeting Agricultural Input Subsidy Coupons in Malawi

This paper analyses the factors that influence access to agricultural input subsidies in Malawi. The results show that vulnerable households such as the poor and elderly-headed are less likely than other households to receive fertilizer coupons and receive less of the subsidized fertilizers. Households with larger parcels of land and those who sell part of their produce (commercialized) are more likely to receive coupons and also tend to acquire more fertilizers. Use of open meetings in the allocation of coupons tends to favour the poor and the poor receive more fertilizer compared with discrete of coupons. We also find a positive relation between participation in other social safety nets and access to subsidized fertilizer coupons, suggesting that households that participated in other social safety net programmes are not excluded from the input subsidy programme by virtue of benefiting from other social assistance programmes.
Isolation of phage from animal waste of different LSF and their utility in phage therapy

Bacteriophages are obligate intracellular parasites requiring specific bacteria as host cell for their replication (Carlton, 1999). Phages are most widely distributed and diverse entities in the biosphere and ubiquitously present which can be found in all reservoirs populated by bacterial hosts, such as soil and sea water and the intestine of animals (Mc Grath and Van Sinderen, 2007). Recovered Phages are categorized on the basis of host range which is very important for the preparation of Phage Cocktail for phage therapy. These recovered phage isolates also subjected to ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 8 (2014) pp. 205-210 http://www.ijcmas. com
Application of Clustering Techniques for Lung Sounds to Improve Interpretability

Due to the subjectivity involved cur- rently in pulmonary auscultation process and its d iagnostic to evaluate the condition of respira- tory airways, this work pretends to evaluate the p erformance of clustering algorithms such as k- means and DBSCAN to perform a computational analysis of lung sounds aiming to visualize a representation of such sounds that highlights the presence of crackles and the energy associated with them. In order to achieve that goal, Wavelet analysis techniques were used in contrast to tra- ditional frequency analysis given the similarity b etween the typical waveform for a crackle and the wavelet sym4. Once the lung sound signal with isolated crackles is obtained, the cluster- ing process groups crackles in regions of high d ensity and provides visualization that might be useful for the diagnostic made by an expert. Evaluation suggests that k-means groups crackle more effective than DBSCAN in terms of gener- ated clusters.
Remote Sensing Contributions to the Scale Issue

RESUMEAu cours de la derniere decennie, le probleme d'echelle a attire l'attention d'un nombre croissant de chercheurs de diverses disciplines. Il a ete fortement suggere qu'une science de l'echelle soit etablie. Alors qu'il est largement reconnu que la teledetection peut apporter une contribution significative au probleme d'echelle, tres peu d'etudes ont ete menees dans le but de synthetiser le travail deja accompli et suggerer de futures directions de recherche. Cet article propose un cadre conceptuel a travers lequel les principales contributions de la teledetection au probleme d'echelle sont revues. Les donnees de teledetection sont presentees comme un cas particulier du probleme des unites spatiales modifiables. Il est ensuite decrit comment les solutions proposees au probleme des unites spatiales modifiables ont ete et peuvent etre appliquees dans le contexte de la teledetection afin d'investiguer les differentes composantes du probleme d'echelle. Finalement, le role important de la teledetection da.
CARBOHYDRATE SUPPLEMENTATION FAILS TO IMPROVE THE SPRINT PERFORMANCE OF FEMALE CYCLISTS

Carbohydrate Supplementation Fails to Improve the Sprint Performance of Female Cyclists. ANTHONY T. JARVIS, SCOTT D. FELIX, STACY SIMS, MARGARET T. JONES, MARY ANNE COUGHLIN and SAMUEL A. HEADLEY JEPonline 1999, 2(2):16-23. This study was designed to examine the effect of a 7% carbohydrate electrolyte beverage (CE) on the sprint performance of trained female cyclists immediately following 50 min of cycle ergometry at 80% VO2max. The Wingate Anaerobic Power Test (WAT) was used to measure peak power, mean power, minimum power, and rate of fatigue. No significant (p > .05) differences were found between the CE and placebo (PL) treatments for any WAT indices. Blood glucose was found to be significantly higher (p < .05) toward the end of the time trial for the CE group than for the PL group. RPE increased more dramatically from baseline for the PL group than for the CE group (p < .05). The results suggest that high intensity exercise performance of female cyclists is not improved with the consumption of a CE beverage during exercise despite a reduced perception of effort.
Market orientation and innovativeness in supply chains: Supplier's impact on customer satisfaction

As today’s firms increasingly outsource their noncore activities, they not only have to manage their own resources and capabilities, but they are ever more dependent on the resources and capabilities of supplying firms to respond to customer needs. This paper explicitly examines whether and how firms and suppliers, who are both oriented to the same customer market, enable innovativeness in their supply chains and deliver value to their joint customer. We will call this customer of the focal firm the “end user. ” The authors take a resource-dependence perspective to hypothesize how suppliers’ end-user orientation and innovativeness influence downstream activities at the focal firm and end-user satisfaction. The resource dependence theory looks typically beyond the boundaries of an individual firm for explaining firm success: firms need to satisfy customer demands to survive and depend on other parties such as their suppliers to achieve customer satisfaction. Accordingly, the research design focuses on three parties along a supply chain: the focal firm, a supplier, and a customer of the focal firm (end user). The results drawn from a survey of 88 matched chains suggest the following. First, customer satisfaction is driven by focal firms’ innovativeness. A focal firm’s innovativeness depends, on the one hand, on a focal firm’s market orientation and, on the other hand, on its suppliers’ innovativeness. Second, no relationship could be established between a focal firm’s market orientation and a supplier’s end-user orientation. Market orientation typically has within-firm effects, while innovativeness has impact beyond the boundaries of the firm. These results suggest that firms create value for their customer through internal market orientation efforts and external suppliers’ innovativeness.
Institutions and Equity Structure of Foreign Affiliates

Question/Issue: We combine agency and institutional theory to explain the division of equity shares between the foreign (majority) and local (minority) partners within foreign affiliates. We posit that once the decision to invest is made, the ownership structure is arranged so as to generate appropriate incentives to local partners, taking into account both the institutional environment and the firm-specific difficulty in monitoring. Research Findings/Insights: Using a large firm-level dataset for the period 2003-2011 from 16 Central and Eastern European countries and applying selectivity corrected estimates, we find that both weaker host country institutions and higher share of intangible assets in total assets in the firm imply higher minority equity share of local partners. The findings hold when controlling for host country effects and when the attributes of the institutional environment are instrumented. Theoretical/Academic Implications: The classic view is that weak institutions lead to concentrated ownership, yet it leaves the level of minority equity shares unexplained. Our contribution uses a firm-level perspective combined with national-level variation in the institutional environment, and applies agency theory to explain the minority local partner share in foreign affiliates. In particular, we posit that the information asymmetry and monitoring problem in firms are exacerbated by weak host country institutions, but also by the higher share of intangible assets in total assets. Practitioner/Policy Implications: Assessing investment opportunities abroad, foreign firms need to pay attention not only to features directly related to corporate governance (e.g., bankruptcy codes) but also to the broad institutional environment. In weak institutional environments, foreign parent firms need to create strong incentives for local partners by offering them significant minority shares in equity. The same recommendation applies to firms with higher shares of intangible assets in total assets.
Potential for Producing Viable Embryos in Post Pubertal Heifers. Comparison during the Dry and Wet Seasons in the Tropics Using a Protocol Based on FSH or eCG

The use of pubertal heifers to produce embryos before their natural breeding period which is normally at 3 years is a possibility that needs to be researched thus the objective of this assay was to superovulate pubertal Bos indicus heifers to obtain embryos in the dry and wet season, two phases were fodder availability is quite distinct. Twenty Brahman heifers 18 to 24 months and weighing 300 to 330 kg were synchronized with a progesterone releasing device (CIDR, Pfizer, Mexico) for 9 days and concomitantly applying a superovulatory regimen, using a total of 280 mg of FSH (Folltropin-V Bioniche Mexico) in eight applications with decreasing dosages 12 h apart, starting with two dosages of 50 mg followed by another two of 40, two of 30, and ending with two of 20 mg. One day before the device was withdrawn; an injection of 25 mg of prostaglandin F2a (Dinoprost Pfizer, Mexico) was administered. For treatment with eCG an injection of 2000 I.U. of Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin eCG (Folligon, Intervet Mexico) was administrated at day 6 after CIDR insertion. There were differences in the total follicular response between the dry season average n = 84 and the wet, average n = 51 (p < 0.05) but not between treatments. The number of good quality embryos recovered in either season was not more than 4. Response in relation to number of corpus luteum (CL) present and number of embryos was affected by season (p < 0.05) regardless of the treatment utilized. The production of embryos in post pubertal heifers is not feasible based in our results. Heat stress, nutritional inconsistencies, season when treatment applied and age might be some of the main driving factors for this poor response.
Differential gene expression in murine astrocytes infected with virulent (type I)vs. a virulent (type II) strains of Toxoplasma gondii

Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous parasite infecting up to 30% of the population worldwide. Most individuals infected with T. gondii harbor a chronic infection that persists for the lifetime of the host with the parasite located predominantly in neural and muscular tissue. In some immune competent hosts however, chronic infection is associated with neurological disorders including schizophrenia, depression, suicidal behavior, headaches and cryptogenic epilepsy. There are three strains of T. gondii, designated type I, type II and type III, with evidence indicating type I strains are more virulent in humans, causing more severe clinical outcomes. Astrocytes are the predominant glial cell in the brain and can serve as a host cell for tachyzoite and bradyzoite stages in the brain. In this study we have used a transcriptional approach to dissect the host response to virulent type I RH strain vs. a virulent type II Me49 strain, in murine astrocytes. The results showed the type I strain induces a distinctly different host cell response in astrocytes inducing larger changes in gene expression levels and affecting different host cell pathways as compared to the type II strain. Type I vs. type II strains showed some common responses that may represent the ‘core’ response to parasite infection with host immune response genes the dominant pathway affected by both strains. However Toxoplasma strains show clear differences in modulation of some of these core host responses and importantly in some pathways related to pathogenesis of the nervous system. Neurobiological processes significantly affected by type I strain infection included effects on neurodevelopmental processes and nerve impulse transmission, including many gene homologues associated with Schizophrenia. The strain-specific effects could help explain the different clinical outcomes of Toxoplasma infections in humans and specifically, the distinct neurological complications such as Schizophrenia that occurs in the latent infection in some immune competent individuals.
Sharing ideas between cultures with videos

Civil servants, agricultural researchers, extension people and media experts often think that videos for farmers need to be filmed locally, so that the audience identifies with the actors. But this is not so. Farmers in southwestern and northern Nigeria reacted to videos on rice seed health (made in Bangladesh), on parboiling (filmed in Benin) and rice cultivation (from Mali). The farmers criticized the videos freely, but their remarks were about the technical pros and cons of the technologies presented in the videos. The farmers had no preference for watching videos featuring West African or Bangladeshi actors. The farmers only cared about the technical content of the film. This is an important, practical conclusion, because it is much easier and cheaper to dub a film into a second language than to film it over again.
‘Oumuamua as a Messenger from the Local Association

With a hyperbolic trajectory around the Sun, ‘Oumuamua is the first confirmed interstellar object. However, its origin is poorly known. By simulating the orbits of 0.23 million local stars, we find 109 encounters with periastron less than 5 pc. ‘Oumuamua’s low peculiar velocity is suggestive of its origin from a young stellar association with similar velocity. In particular, we find that ’Oumuamua would have had slow encounters with at least five young stars belonging to the Local Association, thus suggesting these as plausible sites for formation and ejection. In addition to an extremely elongated shape, the available observational data for ‘Oumuamua indicates a red color, suggestive of a potentially organic-rich and activity-free surface. These characteristics seem consistent with formation through energetic collisions between planets and debris objects in the middle part of a young stellar system. We estimate an abundance of at least 6.0 × 10−3 au−3 for such interstellar objects with mean diameter larger than 100 m and find that it is likely that most of them will be ejected into the Galactic halo. Our Bayesian analysis of the available light curves indicates a rotation period of , which is consistent with the estimation by Meech et al. and shorter than those in other literature. The codes and results are available on GitHub (https://github.com/phillippro/Oumuamua).