Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Dysfunction in Asian Patients with Depression (CogDAD): A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Cognitive dysfunction is a predominant symptom of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), contributing to functional impairment. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to assess and describe perceived cognitive dysfunction amongst Asian patients diagnosed with MDD. The secondary objective was to explore the associations between depression severity, perceived cognitive dysfunction and functional disability. Methods: This was a multi-country, multi-centre, cross-sectional study. Adults with a current episode of MDD were recruited from 9 university/general hospital clinics in Asia. During a single study visit, psychiatrists assessed depression severity (Clinical Global Impression-Severity, CGI-S); patients completed questionnaires assessing depression severity (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items, PHQ-9), perceived cognitive dysfunction (Perceived Deficit Questionnaire-Depression, PDQ-D) and functional disability (Sheehan Disability Scale, SDS). Results: Patients (n=664), predominantly women (66.3%), were aged 46.5±12.5 years, lived in urban areas (81.3%) and were employed (84.6%). 51.5% of patients were having their first depressive episode; 86.7% were receiving treatment; 82.2% had a current episode duration >8 weeks. Patients had mild-to-moderate depression (CGI-S=3.3±1.0; PHQ-9=11.3±6.9). Patients reported perceived cognitive dysfunction (PDQ-D=22.6±16.2) and functional disability (SDS=11.3±7.9). PHQ-9, PDQ-D and SDS were moderately-to-highly correlated (PHQ-9 and SDS: r=0.72; PHQ-9 and PDQ-D: r=0.69; PDQ-D and SDS, r=0.63). ANCOVA showed that after controlling for patient-reported depression severity (PHQ-9), perceived cognitive dysfunction (PDQ-D) was significantly associated with functional disability (SDS) (p<0.001). Conclusions: Asian patients with MDD reported perceived cognitive dysfunction. There is a need for physicians to evaluate cognitive dysfunction in the clinical setting in order to reach treatment goals, including functional recovery beyond remission of mood symptoms.
Effects of Inorganic Mercury and Methylmercury on Osteoclasts and Osteoblasts in the Scales of the Marine Teleost as a Model System of Bone

To evaluate the effects of inorganic mercury (InHg) and methylmercury (MeHg) on bone metabolism in a marine teleost, the activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as indicators of such activity in osteoclasts and osteoblasts, respectively, were examined in scales of nibbler fish (Girella punctata). We found several lines of scales with nearly the same TRAP and ALP activity levels. Using these scales, we evaluated the influence of InHg and MeHg. TRAP activity in the scales treated with InHg (10-5 and 10-4 M) and MeHg (10-6 to 10-4 M) during 6 hrs of incubation decreased significantly. In contrast, ALP activity decreased after exposure to InHg (10-5 and 10-4 M) and MeHg (10-6 to 10-4 M) for 18 and 36 hrs, although its activity did not change after 6 hrs of incubation. As in enzyme activity 6 hrs after incubation, mRNA expression of TRAP (osteoclastic marker) decreased significantly with InHg and MeHg treatment, while that of collagen (osteoblastic marker) did not change significantly. At 6 hrs after incubation, the mRNA expression of metallothionein, which is a metal-binding protein in osteoblasts, was significantly increased following treatment with InHg or MeHg, suggesting that it may be involved in the protection of osteoblasts against mercury exposure up to 6 hrs after incubation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the effects of mercury on osteoclasts and osteoblasts using marine teleost scale as a model system of bone.
Mounds, megaliths, music and mind : Some thoughts on the acoustical properties and purposes of archaeological spaces

Cet article est consacre aux proprietes acoustiques des espaces archeologiques tels les tertres, les megalithes (du Neolithique et de l'âge du fer et du bronze en particulier), les cairns et les cercles de pierre (ecossais) ainsi que les grottes (notamment du Paleolithique). A travers differents types de monuments et diverses epoques, les AA proposent une discussion sur la sonorite souterraine (resonance, surcharge sensorielle, amplification du son) et, par consequent, etudient les instruments de musique utilises aux differentes epoques et leur symbolique.
Long-term effects of a Swedish lifestyle intervention programme on lifestyle habits and quality of life in people with increased cardiovascular risk

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a structured intervention programme on lifestyle habits and quality of life after six months and one year in participants with increased cardiovascular risk. Methods: Participants aged ≥18 years with increased cardiovascular risk were referred from primary health care and hospitals. The programme was launched at an outpatient clinic in a department of cardiology at a university hospital. It consisted of individual visits to a nurse for a health check-up and lifestyle counselling at baseline, after six months and at one year. In addition, five group sessions – focusing on nicotine, alcohol, physical activity, eating habits, stress, sleep and behavioural change – were offered to the participants and their relatives or friends. Lifestyle habits and quality of life were assessed with questionnaires at baseline, after six months and at one year. Results: One hundred participants (64 women, 36 men, age 58±11 years) were included in the programme. Compared with the baseline, significant and favourable changes in reported lifestyle habits were noted. Exercise levels were higher after one year and sedentary time decreased from 7.4 to 6.3 h/day. Dietary habits improved and the number of participants with a high consumption of alcohol decreased. Quality of life improved after one year. Conclusions: Participating in a structured lifestyle programme resulted in improved lifestyle habits and quality of life over one year in people with increased cardiovascular risk. Components such as an inter-professional teamwork, a focus on lifestyle rather than the disease, and combining individual visits and group sessions, might be central to the positive outcome of the programme.
United Arab Emirates Pharmacists' Practices and Views on Adverse Drug Reaction and Medication Error Reporting and Health Professionals' Expectations

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) constitute a huge burden on health systems, and medication errors (MEs) are the most common preventable cause of adverse drug events. In developed countries pharmacists contribute to a great extent in ADR monitoring and reporting, improving patient quality of care and safety. This review aims to explore pharmacists' practices and views on ADR reporting, extent and causes of MEs and other health professionals expectations of pharmacists in this regards. An extensive literature search was conducted using pertinent electronic health databases (ProQuest, PubMed, Embase, and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature). Hand-searching of the references retrieved was also performed. Very few studies were found, none report the prevalence or severity of MEs. Under-reporting of ADRs is common place among community pharmacists in the UAE. Overall physicians expressed positive views about clinical pharmacists' role in medication reviews to identify and prevent drug interactions and improve patients' clinical outcomes. More research is required to enhance ADR reporting and reduce MEs in the UAE. Training about the process of ADR monitoring and reporting at undergraduate level across health science disciplines and continued education and development led by pharmacists is vital to improve patient safety.
Host–Microbiota Mutualism in Metabolic Diseases

The intestinal microbiota is a plastic ecosystem that is shaped by environmental and genetic factors, interacting with virtually all tissues of the host. Many signals result from the interplay between the microbiota with its mammalian symbiont that can lead to altered metabolism. Disruptions in the microbial composition are associated with a number of comorbidities linked to the metabolic syndrome. Promoting the niche expansion of beneficial bacteria through diet and supplements can improve metabolic disorders. Reintroducing bacteria through probiotic treatment or fecal transplant is a strategy under active investigation for multiple pathological conditions. Here, we review the recent knowledge of microbiota’s contribution to host pathology, the modulation of the microbiota by dietary habits, and the potential therapeutic benefits of reshaping the gut bacterial landscape in context of metabolic disorders such as obesity.
The Evolution and Role of Endovascular Therapy for the Treatment of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease

Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is being seen as an increasingly important cause of transient ischemic attack and stroke. Attention on this disease entity has been focused as a result of two recent events: the publication of the WASID trial and the recent Food and Drug Administration approval of the Wingspan‐Gateway stent system. This manuscript will review the evolution of the role of endovascular therapy in the management of ICAD. In addition, the available devices currently available for endovascular therapy will be reviewed with an eye toward peri‐procedural and follow‐up complication rates.
Adjuvant immunotoxin therapy with anti-B4-blocked ricin after autologous bone marrow transplantation for patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Anti-B-blocked ricin (anti-B4-bR) combines the specificity of the anti-B4 (CD19) monoclonal antibody with the protein toxin "blocked ricin. " In blocked ricin, affinity ligands are attached to the ricin B-chain to attenuate its lectin binding capacity. In a phase I trial, Anti-B4-bR was administered by 7-day continuous infusion to 12 patients in complete remission after autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) for relapsed B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Patients were treated at 20, 40, and 50 micrograms/kg/d for 7 days. Potentially therapeutic serum levels could be sustained for 3 to 4 days. The maximum tolerated dose was 40 micrograms/kg/d for 7 days (total 280 micrograms/kg). The dose-limiting toxicities were reversible grade IV thrombocytopenia and elevation of hepatic transaminases. Mild capillary leak syndrome was manifested by hypoalbuminemia, peripheral edema (4 patients), and dyspnea (1 patient). Anti-immunotoxin antibodies developed in 7 patients. Eleven patients remain in complete remission between 13 and 26 months post-ABMT (median 17 months). These results show that Anti-B4-bR can be administered with tolerable, reversible toxicities to patients with B-cell NHL in complete remission following ABMT.
Thermodynamics of Noncommutative Quantum Kerr Black Holes

The thermodynamic formalism for rotating black holes, characterized by noncommutative and quantum corrections, is constructed. From a fundamental thermodynamic relation, the equations of state and thermodynamic response functions are explicitly given, and the effect of noncommutativity and quantum correction is discussed. It is shown that the well-known divergence exhibited in specific heat is not removed by any of these corrections. However, regions of thermodynamic stability are affected by noncommutativity, increasing the available states for which some thermodynamic stability conditions are satisfied.
Reproducibility of ambulatory and clinic blood pressure measurements in elderly hypertensive subjects

Objectives: To compare the reproducibility of clinic and ambulatory blood pressure measurements in elderly hypertensive subjects. Subjects: Twenty-two untreated elderly hypertensives, with a clinic systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 160mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > 95mmHg, and a mean age of 76 years (range 66-86). Methods: Following three supine clinic blood pressure readings the subjects underwent 24-h non-invasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, measurements being taken at 20-min intervals from 0700 to 2200 h and at 30-min intervals from 2200 to 0700 h. Measurements were repeated during a further visit at a median interval of 10 weeks (range 1—10 months). Results: Daytime ambulatory SBP levels were 20mmHg (95% confidence interval 14-27 mmHg, P<0.001) lower than clinic SBP, although DBP values were similar. The mean 24-h ambulatory SBP and DBP reproducibility [assessed by the standard deviation of differences (SDD) between visits] was significantly better than that for mean clinic blood pressure (SBP 6.3 versus 17.4 mmHg, P<0.001; DBP 4.8 versus 7.0 mmHg, respectively, P<0.05). With daytime defined as 1000-1959 h, the SDD between visits was 12.4 mmHg for SBP and 8.3 mmHg for DBP, but with daytime defined as 0700-2159 h, the SDD fell to 6.0 mmHg for SBP and 4.8 mmHg for DBP, values almost identical to those obtained with full 24-h blood pressure monitoring. There was no difference in night-time blood pressure reproducibility, whether night-time was defined as 2400-0559 h or 2200-0659 h. Conclusions: Both 24-h and daytime ambulatory blood pressure monitoring significantly improve the reproducibility of blood pressure measurements compared with clinic blood pressure readings in elderly hypertensive subjects. Increasing the number of daytime blood pressure readings by 50% (from 30 to 45) reduced the variability of blood pressure measurement by 50%. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is of value in obtaining reproducible blood pressure measurements in elderly hypertensive subjects. However, more than 30 readings are needed during a daytime recording to significantly reduce variability compared with repeated clinic measurements, although night-time variability is not significantly affected if the number of readings is reduced to 12 over a 6-h period.
A B-Box 2 Surface Patch Important for TRIM5α Self-Association, Capsid Binding Avidity, and Retrovirus Restriction

ABSTRACT TRIM5α is a tripartite motif (TRIM) protein that consists of RING, B-box 2, coiled-coil, and B30.2(SPRY) domains. The TRIM5αrh protein from rhesus monkeys recognizes the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) capsid as it enters the host cell and blocks virus infection prior to reverse transcription. HIV-1-restricting ability can be eliminated by disruption of the B-box 2 domain. Changes in the TRIM5αrh B-box 2 domain have been associated with alterations in TRIM5αrh turnover, the formation of cytoplasmic bodies and higher-order oligomerization. We present here the nuclear magnetic resonance structure of the TRIM5 B-box 2 domain and identify an unusual hydrophobic patch (cluster 1) on the domain surface. Alteration of cluster 1 or the flanking arginine 121 resulted in various degrees of inactivation of HIV-1 restriction, in some cases depending on compensatory changes in other nearby charged residues. For this panel of TRIM5αrh B-box 2 mutants, inhibition of HIV-1 infection was strongly correlated with higher-order self-association and binding affinity for capsid complexes but not with TRIM5αrh half-life or the formation of cytoplasmic bodies. Thus, promoting cooperative TRIM5αrh interactions with the HIV-1 capsid represents a major mechanism whereby the B-box 2 domain potentiates HIV-1 restriction.
Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis

Postinfectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) is an immunologically mediated glomerular injury triggered by an infection. Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is a classic example of PIGN with diffuse proliferative and exudative glomerular histology, dominant C3 staining and subepithelial “humps. ” Only the nephritogenic streptococcal infections cause PSGN and susceptibility to develop PSGN depends on both host and microbial factors. Over the last decade, two nephritogenic antigens, “nephritis-associated plasmin receptor” and “streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B” have been identified. PSGN is a self-limited disease, especially in children, but long-term follow-up studies indicate persistent low-grade renal abnormalities in a significant proportion of patients. PSGN continues to be a serious public health concern in third world countries, but the incidence of streptococcal infections has steadily declined in industrialized nations. PIGN in the western world is now primarily because of nonstreptococcal infections, often affecting older individuals with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus or alcoholism, and is associated with poor outcomes. Although the acute PIGN has diffuse proliferative, focal segmental proliferative or mesangioproliferative patterns of glomerular injury, chronic or subacute infection-associated glomerulonephritis typically results in membranoproliferative appearance. PIGN has dominant C3 staining with frequent occurrence of subepithelial “humps” as well as subendothelial deposits. The immunoglobulin staining on immunofluorescence is typically weak, but immunoglobulin A-dominant PIGN is a recently defined entity often associated with staphylococcal infections. The wide spectrum of morphologic changes seen in PIGN poses a diagnostic challenge, especially if adequate clinical and serological data are lacking.
Random Yield and Random Demand in a Production System with Downward Substitution

in this paper, we present and solve a single-period, multiproduct, downward substitution model. Our model has one raw material as the production input and produces N different products as outputs. The demands and yields for the products are random. We determine the optimal production input and allocation of the N products to satisfy demands. The problem is modeled as a two-stage stochastic program, which we show can be decomposed into a parameterized network flow problem. We present and compare three different solution methods: a stochastic linear program, a decomposition resulting in a series of network flow subproblems, and a decomposition where the same network flow subproblems are solved by a new greedy algorithm.
Experience with Reduction Clitoroplasty for Clitoral Hypertrophy

A technique for reduction clitoroplasty has been devised which provides an excellent cosmetic appearance for female patients with clitoromegaly due to virilizing CAH. Contrary to previous views, total clitorectomy should rarely, if ever, be considered as an initial method of management for children with clitoral hypertrophy. One of the 4 patients who has undergone reduction clitoroplasty using the described technique has achieved sexual gratification on several occasions postoperatively without discomfort.
Usefulness of partner notification for syphilis control.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In the United States, the recent syphilis epidemic has been followed by the lowest rates in 40 years. Syphilis control in the United States traditionally emphasizes partner notification; however, its role in elimination efforts remains undefined. GOAL OF THE STUDY To describe and compare outcome measures of partner notification during and after the epidemic. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive analysis of data obtained from interview records of patients with early syphilis in Louisiana during 1993 through 1996. RESULTS Of 12,927 patients with early syphilis, 3,245 (25%) were identified through partner notification. A total of 7,120 (55%) patients named at least one infected contact. Patients named a mean of 2.3 contacts, resulting in 29,248 named contacts; of these, 22,825 (78%) were examined. A total of 9,374 (41%) of examined contacts were infected, including 18% who were newly identified as infected. No substantial differences were found between epidemic and postepidemic years. CONCLUSION Partner notification is successful in identifying and treating a large number of infected persons. However, complementary strategies will be needed to eliminate syphilis.
Enhanced Flux Pinning Properties in  $\hbox{YBa}_{2}\hbox{Cu}_{3}\hbox{O}_{7-\delta}$/  $(\hbox{CoFe}_{2}\hbox{O}_{4})_{0.3}(\hbox{CeO}_{2})_{0.7} $ Multilayer Thin Films

A combined defect and magnetic pinning effect has been demonstrated in this work for improving critical current density <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$(J_{c})$</tex-math></inline-formula> of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$\hbox{YBa}_{2}\hbox{Cu}_{3}\hbox{O}_{7-\delta} $</tex-math></inline-formula> (YBCO) thin films. Most of the previous work has focused on either defect pinning or magnetic pinning. In this work, we introduced a unique nanocomposite with two phases, e.g., ferrimagnetic <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$\hbox{CoFe}_{2}\hbox{O}_{4}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and non-magnetic <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$\hbox{CeO}_{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. As a demonstration, the composition of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$(\hbox{CoFe}_{2}\hbox{O}_{4})_{0.3}(\hbox{CeO}_{2})_{0.7} $</tex-math></inline-formula> was chosen for this study. The nanocomposite was incorporated into YBCO films as multilayers, i.e., 1-, 2-, and 4-interlayers. A detailed study on the microstructural and superconducting properties was conducted. The results show that the critical temperature remains at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$\sim$</tex-math></inline-formula>90 K even after introducing interlayers. More importantly, the films with interlayers show enhanced self-field and in-field <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$J_{c}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, especially the 2-interlayer sample with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$J_{c}^{sf}$</tex-math></inline-formula> of 6.36 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$\hbox{MA/cm}^{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> at 77 K. The enhanced <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$J_{c}$</tex-math></inline-formula> properties are attributed to both magnetic pinning from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$\hbox{CoFe}_{2}\hbox{O}_{4}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and defect pinning from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$\hbox{CeO}_{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, as well as the well-designed pinning landscapes.
An enhanced threshold-based feedback scheme for massive MU-MIMO downlink FDD systems

In this paper, we propose an enhanced threshold- based feedback strategy for massive multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) downlink systems adopting two- stage beamforming. The key idea lies in checking the degree of alignment with fixed beamforming vectors at user terminal (UT) by utilizing the effective channel and average inter-group interference-plus-noise power (IGINP). Subsequently, the UT determines whether UT feeds back the channel quality indicator (CQI) pair to base station (BS) or not, thereby reducing the amount of feedback overhead. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme effectively reduces the number of feedback users while the sum rate is maintained compared to conventional feedback strategy.