Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Institutional Logics or Agency Costs: The Influence of Corporate Governance Models on Business Group Restructuring in Emerging Economies

Business groups, the leading economic players in emerging economies, have responded to the market-oriented transition primarily through corporate restructuring. Agency theory predicts that acquisition and divestiture would serve the interests of dominant families and foreign investors in different ways. Further, dominant families, foreign investors from shareholder-based countries, and foreign investors from stakeholder-based countries each operate under distinct institutional logics of appropriate restructuring strategies. We test hypotheses about agency and institutional mechanisms using large business groups in Taiwan between 1986 and 1998 as our empirical example. We find that, consistent with both mechanisms, family-controlled business groups are less likely to divest of unrelated businesses. However, the institutional logics mechanism can better explain the relative lack of unrelated acquisition in family-controlled groups and the difference in divestiture between groups with more shareholder-based .
Reading and Quality of Life Differences between Tecnis ZCB00 Monofocal and Tecnis ZMB00 Multifocal Intraocular Lenses

Purpose To compare the NEI-RQL-42 quality of life questionnaire and the Radner Vissum reading test outcomes after bilateral cataract surgery with implantation of Tecnis ZCB00 monofocal and Tecnis ZMB00 multifocal intraocular lens (IOL). Methods Forty-two eyes of 21 patients who had phacoemulsification were implanted with Tecnis ZCB00 IOL and 82 eyes of 41 patients were implanted with Tecnis ZMB00 IOL. They answered the NEI-RQL-42 questionnaire before cataract surgery and 3 months after it. The Radner Vissum test was performed 3 months after the surgery with optical correction for near vision in patients with monofocal IOL, but without it in patients with multifocal IOL. Results Regarding the NEI-RQL-42 test, the multifocal group obtained better results in items 2, 7, 8, 11, 13, 31, and 40, and in the following categories: near vision, dependence on correction, and suboptimal correction (p<0.05). The monofocal group only showed better results in item 17. As for the Radner Vissum test, the multifocal group obtained significantly better results in phrases 1, 3, 4, and 5, and in the number of incorrect syllables (p<0.05). Conclusions Patients with Tecnis ZMB00 multifocal IOL report a higher quality of life regarding the lack of need for optical correction for near vision in their daily activities, but halos in vision at night. Additionally, patients with multifocal IOL achieve similar or better reading quality at near vision and under photopic lighting conditions than patients with monofocal IOL with near vision optical correction.
Management of Zygomatic Fractures: A National Survey

Introduction:Repair of zygomatic fractures can be classified into the early closed reduction or the more recent open reduction and rigid internal fixation (ORIF) methods. Surgical training and literature advocate ORIF, but the actual frequency of the different techniques in clinical practice is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the current trends in the management of zygomatic fractures among US surgeons and elucidate their influences. Methods:A 10-question survey was developed and distributed to over 16,000 practicing US facial trauma surgeons, including plastic surgeons (PS), oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS), and otorhinolaryngologists (ENT). The survey queried training background, zygoma fracture treatment preferences, and rationale. Responses were tabulated and both univariate and bivariate statistical analyses completed. Results:One thousand six hundred eleven (10%) total responses were received. Zygomatic fractures are treated most commonly by OMFS (61%), then PS (20%) and ENT (19%), with 71% of repairs being performed in private practice. Open reduction and rigid internal fixation is the most common treatment modality (81%), with most surgeons using 2 to 3 sites for exposure, reduction, and fixation with titanium miniplates (70%). Thirty-five percent of surgeons perform routine orbital floor exploration. Forty-three percent quoted training and 32% reported accuracy of repair as the primary reason for choosing ORIF. Conclusions:This is the largest reported survey on the repair of zygoma fractures. The response rate suggests dominance of OMFS in zygoma fracture care, an area pioneered by PS. Evolution of technique is also evident by predominance of ORIF with emphasis of multiple points of exposure, reduction, and fixation with rigid hardware.
Comparison the Diagnostic Value of Dilatation and Curettage Versus Endometrial Biopsy by Pipelle--a Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND Several methods have been presented for the evaluation of the endometrium in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, which include minimal invasive and invasive approaches such as diagnostic curettage or endometrial biopsy by Pipelle. Many studies have been performed in order to compare two methods; diagnostic curettage and outpatient endometrial biopsy. This investigation compared sampling adequacy, endometrial histopathology, failure rates, duration and costs between diagnostic curettage in a hospital and endometrial biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This single blind clinical trial was performed on 130 patients older than 35 years who was referred to Amir training hospital in 2013 for elective diagnostic curettage because of abnormal uterine bleeding. For all patients eligible for the study, an endometrial sample by Pipelle was taken without anesthesia or dilatation. Then under general anesthesia diagnostic curettage was performed by sharp curette. Sampling duration was calculated and both samples were sent to the same pathologist. The diagnostic values of two methods in the diagnosis of normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma were compared. The costs of these two methods were also compared. Data analysis was performed by SPSS (version 16.0) software. Chi-Square, Fisher, and Pearson tests were used and were considered statistically significant at P values less than 0.05. RESULTS Two methods were agreed upon 88% of sampling adequacy and 94% of pathological results. Specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 90% for detection of proliferative endometrium, secretory endometrium, simple hyperplasia without atypia and 100% for cancer were recorded. Pipelle diagnostic accuracy in comparison with curettage, have been reported over 97%, so the failure rate in this study was below 5%. Sensitivity of Pipelle for detection of atrophic endometrium was reported below 50%. Duration and cost was lower in Pipelle versus curettage. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that due to high agreement and cohesion coefficient between curettage and Pipelle on the issue of sampling adequacy, histopathology finding (except atrophic endometrium), low failure rate, duration of sampling and cost, Pipelle can be introduced as a suitable alternative of diagnostic curettage.
Okul Mutluluğu: Okul Mutluluğu İçin Gerekli Niteliklere İlişkin Veli Görüşleri

In this study it was aimed to determine the parents’ opinions on the required qualifications for students’ happiness in school. This study was designed as a qualitative research design. Study group consists 20 parents. A semi-structured grid form was used as a data collection tool. The main-themes for school qualifications were physical equipment, learning environment, school environment, teacher qualifications, communication and collaboration, learning activities, social activities, school management, and education policy. The participants’ views focused on hygienic school environment, fair assessment, job enthusiasm of teachers, and the appealing school. In addition, school-parent cooperation should be increased, learning activities should be compatible with talent, and social activities should be sufficient for school happiness. School administrators should have leadership skills and school education should be continued based on democracy and laicism.
Design and Analysis of a CHB Converter Based PV-Battery Hybrid System for Better Electromagnetic Compatibility

This paper proposes a photovoltaic (PV)-battery hybrid system based on the cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter, which not only makes the irregular PV power smoother but also limits the grid current under grid voltage dips. Different from the conventional configuration where the PV and the battery inverters are paralleled on the grid side, the proposed CHB based hybrid system connects the AC sides of the PV inverter and the battery inverter in cascade. Thus, the multilevel inverter output voltage is available. Compared to the conventional configuration, the proposed system offers the improved electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and better harmonic performance. The computer simulation has been given to verify the validity of the proposed system and control strategy.
Corporate governance and financial performance: empirical evidence from public listed construction companies in Malaysia

This study examines the relationship between corporate governance structures and financial performance, focusing on construction companies listed on Bursa Malaysia. We apply a multiple regression analysis on data collected from annual reports of the companies for the years of 2009 and 2012. The corporate governance variables considered are board size, board independence, role duality, number of board meetings, while the financial performance of the listed companies is measured based on Tobin's Q ratio. This study finds that there is a significant positive relationship between number of directors on the board and financial performance of listed construction companies.
Attitude of Muslim minority in Spain towards Islamic finance

Purpose This paper aims to use a theoretical model based on the theory of reasoned actions to investigate the effects of attitude, religious motivation, awareness and service and pricing on the intention to use Islamic banking among the Muslim minority in Spain. It also aims to determine the profile of a potential Islamic banking customer among this minority. Design/methodology/approach The research focuses on a survey of Muslims living in Barcelona, Spain, who know of the existence of Islamic finance but do not have access to it. The research uses factor analysis and logit regression to analyse the data. Findings The results show that attitude, religious motivation and awareness are important factors affecting the intention to use Islamic banking. The study also shows that the potential Islamic banking customer in Spain is a Muslim (Spanish, Moroccan or Pakistani), male, and did not reach university degree in his education. Research limitations/implications The sample has 154 participants living in Barcelona, with the rest of Spain being ignored, although results should apply to all Muslims in Spain. Also, this study does not consider attitude as a moderator. Practical implications The research shows the potential for Islamic banks in the Spanish market and the possibility of raising awareness about Islamic banking. Social implications Islamic banking in Spain could help the Muslim minority to participate effectively in financial activities, thus leveraging their capacity to integrate into the community. The study also highlights the importance of empowering the women in this minority and could help society by encouraging off-banking money to flow into the financial sector. Originality/value The research is the first empirical attempt to test the factors affecting the intention among Muslims in Spain to deal with Islamic banking. The study also highlights the importance of Islamic finance for Muslim minorities as a method to support their religious identity.
Influence of grounding system modeling on Transient analysis of transmission lines due to direct lightning strike

The aim of this paper is to implement different grounding system (GS) models in order to compare its influence on the calculation of overvoltages in transmission lines, produced by direct lightning strikes. The models studied were a lumped DC resistance, a non linear resistance, and a synthesized circuit based on the frequency response of the GS. The latest model is proposed by the authors and takes into account the frequency dependent transient behavior of the GS.
Asymmetric price responses to stock addition to and deletion from the Athens Stock Exchange Index

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the response of investors to the announcements on the inclusion and exclusion of companies from the FTSE-ASE 20 index. ,Data on the inclusion and exclusion of companies from the FTSE-ASE 20 index in the period 2000-2012 were used. The authors performed an event study analysis using a constant return model and a market model. Two different measures of aggregated abnormal returns, namely the cumulating abnormal returns and the buy-and-hold abnormal return, were used in this investigation. ,The results suggest that the exclusion of a company from the index has a significant negative effect on stock returns. Specifically, such a stock takes more than 15 days to recover. However, for a company’s inclusion in the index, the authors observe short-lived positive reactions on stock returns. ,Capital market regulators and investors should find the policy implications of this paper meaningful. Investment strategies can be implemented on the basis of the news of exclusion from the index, which can lead to higher performance for investors. As far as authorities are concerned, the decision of inclusion and exclusion to the most significant stock index in the Greek market should be carefully considered because it creates financial instability for a significant time period. ,By using a battery of parametric and non-parametric econometric tests, the existence of abnormal returns of the FTSE-ASE 20 index is explored over a long time period, including the recent financial crisis.
Postnatal early overnutrition changes the leptin signalling pathway in the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis of young and adult rats

Postnatal early overnutrition (EO) is a risk factor for obesity in adult life. Rats raised in a small litter can develop hyperinsulinaemia, hyperphagia, hyperleptinaemia and hypertension as adults. Since leptin regulates the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis and the metabolism of thyroid hormones, we studied the leptin signalling pathway in pituitary and thyroid glands of the postnatal EO model. To induce EO, at the third day of lactation the litter size was reduced to three pups per litter (SL group). In control litters (NL group), the litter size was adjusted to 10 pups per litter. Body weight and food intake were monitored. Rat offspring were killed at 21 (weaning) and 180 days old (adulthood). Plasma thyroid hormones, thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) and leptin were measured by radioimmunoassay. Proteins of the leptin signalling pathway were analysed by Western blotting. Body weight of offspring in the SL group was higher from the seventh day of lactation (+33%, P < 0.05) until 180 days old (+18%, P < 0.05). Offspring in the SL group showed higher visceral fat mass at 21 and 180 days old (+176 and +52%, respectively, P < 0.05), but plasma leptin was higher only at 21 days (+88%, P < 0.05). The SL offspring showed higher plasma TSH, 3,5,3′‐triiodothronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) at 21 days (+60, +91 and +68%, respectively, P < 0.05), while the opposite was observed at 180 days regarding thyroid hormones (T3, −10%; and T4, −30%, P < 0.05), with no difference in TSH levels. In hypothalamus, no change was observed in the leptin signalling pathway at 21 days. However, lower janus thyrosine kinase 2 (JAK2) and phosphorilated‐signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 (p‐STAT3) content were detected in adulthood. In pituitary, the SL group presented higher leptin receptors (Ob‐R), JAK2 and p‐STAT3 content at 21 days and lower JAK2 and STAT3 content at 180 days old. In contrast, in thyroid, the Ob‐R expression was lower in young SL rats, while the adult SL group presented higher Ob‐R and JAK2 content. We showed that postnatal EO induces short‐ and long‐term effects upon the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis. These changes may help to explain future development of metabolic and endocrine dysfunctions, such as metabolic syndrome and hypothyroidism.
Do auditors constrain intertemporal income shifting in private companies?*

This study investigates the association between private company auditing and intertemporal income shifting. Using a large reduction in the Finnish corporate tax rate as a strong incentive for income shifting and financial statement data coupled with proprietary information from the tax authorities, we analyse accruals and cost stickiness of small private companies. Our results reveal significant differences in accrual income shifting between audited and unaudited companies, but only among companies that on average could anticipate the tax reduction the most. Further, we find auditors to restrict sticky selling, general, and administrative cost behaviour that we hypothesise is associated with illegal actions. Additional tests expose a nontrivial number of incorrectly unaudited companies which are the ones mostly associated with income shifting. Taken together, our study highlights the effects of audit exemption and the importance of enforcement while also suggesting that the audit process is value adding for the tax authorities.
Effects of Slackline Training on Postural Control, Jump Performance, and Myoelectrical Activity in Female Basketball Players

Abstract Santos, L, Fernández-Río, J, Fernández-García, B, Jakobsen, MD, González-Gómez, L, and Suman, OE. Effects of slackline training on postural control, jump performance, and myoelectrical activity in female basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 30(3): 653–664, 2016—The main goal of the study was to assess the effects of slackline training on the postural control system and jump performance of athletes. Twenty-five female basketball players were randomized into 2 groups: control (N = 12) and experimental (N = 13). The latter experienced a 6-week supervised slackline training (3 sessions per week, 5–9 minutes per session). Participants underwent center of pressure (CoP) testing through three 10-second tasks (bipedal, left leg, and right leg support) over firm and compliant surfaces with eyes open. Several CoP parameters were assessed: length, area, length/area, speed, Ymean, Xmean, deltaY, deltaX, RMS (root-mean-squared amplitude of the CoP), RMSY, and RMSX. Surface electromyography recordings were obtained too. Participants were also tested on jump performance, provided perceived exertion (6–20 Borg scale) and local muscle perceived exertion. Center of pressure parameters significantly differed before and after training only in the experimental group and only on the compliant surface (left leg: length, area, speed, deltaY, and deltaX; right leg: length, speed, Ymean, deltaY, and RMSY). Surface electromyography recordings were comparable before and after training in both groups. Performance on a countermovement jump test significantly improved only in the experimental group (effect side was 3.21 and 1.36 [flight time and jump height, respectively], which is described as a large effect). Mechanical power of the legs, as measured through the 30-second maximal performance jump test, did not improve in either group. The slackline training was rated as “somewhat hard” with the quadriceps, soleus, and gastrocnemius being rated as the most engaged muscles. Data indicate that slacklining requires activation of the main lower limb muscles. On conclusion, slacklining may be a valid cross-training tool for female basketball players.
Damping measures against prospective oscillations between Turkish grid and ENTSO-E System

After the synchronous interconnection of Turkish Power System to ENTSO-E CESA (former UCTE) System, inter-area oscillations in the range of 0.15 Hz are prone to occur, according to simulation studies. Therefore, some preventive measures should be considered in order to ensure stable operation of the network after the interconnection. This study summarizes the effects of following measures based on computer simulations: 1) Retuning of power system stabilizers (PSS) of the important power plants in Turkey, 2) Controller modification of static VAR compensators (SVC) existing in steel melting arc furnaces that are supplied directly from the transmission system, 3) Controller modification of ±50 MVAR STATCOM which is designed for voltage regulation, 4) Application of breaking resistors as a backup measure in case of malfunctioning of the other solutions. In addition to individual analysis of each measure, their combined contribution is also analyzed. A load flow scenario, in which Turkey exports 900 MW to ENTO-E CESA System, is utilized as a reference scenario. In simulations, Turkish grid is represented in detail and a reduced representation of ENTSO-E CESA network, which consists of 75 nodes and 133 lines, is utilized. The results show positive contribution of each measure to system damping performance. The study includes comparison of each preventive measure's contribution level and conclusive recommendations.
[Tangential projection for depiction of the anterior regions of the jaws performed with the dental X-ray set].

The tangential projection represents an extraoral projection which with success can be performed with the dental X-ray set. The film is placed lateral to the angle of the mouth in a vertical position level with either the maxilla or the mandible. If a view of the midline is wanted the film is placed parallel with the sagittal plane; if e.g. the canine region is of interest the film is angulated. The central X-ray is directed horizontally and perpendicularly to the film passing (as a tangent) the anterior surface of either the maxilla or mandible. The beam area used for periapical projections is ideal also for this projection. The tangential projection is indicated as a supplemental projection for three-dimensional localization of e.g. supernumerary teeth in the maxillary anterior region and for the buccolingual position of an impacted canine. It is also very useful in combination with frontal projections in the planning of insertion of dental implants. According to the Danish legislation it is not allowed to use the dental X-ray set for extraoral projections unless intensifying screens are used. However, the Danish Institute of Radiation Hygiene has accepted tangential projections using dental X-ray films and omitting intensifying screens in edentulous patients due to their better resolution, which is of particular importance in the planning of implant insertion.