Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological responses of male and female Amyelois transitella antennae to pistachio and almond host plant volatiles

The polyphagous navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a major insect pest of almonds and pistachios in California (USA). Amyelois transitella moths have proven difficult to monitor and control for over 5 decades; however, recent reports indicate progress towards attractants using pheromone or semiochemical blends. Despite advances of a host plant volatile attractant blend that is effective for monitoring moth populations in almond orchards, the blend's attractancy and capture efficacy of A. transitella has not translated to pistachio orchards. The apparent orchard specificity of A. transitella to the blend suggests a different composition of host plant volatiles is needed to either improve the current blend or a new blend formulation is required for monitoring in pistachio orchards. One objective of this study was to evaluate available individual host volatiles via a standardised puff method in combination with electroantennographic analysis. In total 105 volatiles were evaluated individually for their ability to elicit an electrophysiological chemoreception response from excised male and female A. transitella antennae. Male antennae responded significantly higher to alcohols, aldehydes, alkyls, aromatics, and ketones. Female antennae responded significantly higher to benzenoids, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and short‐chain alcohols.
Efficacy of ethyl formate as a disinfestation treatment for codling moth ( Cydia pomonella ) in apples

Codling moth (CM, Cydia pomonella) is a pest of quarantine concern on apple exports to Asian markets. Apples exported to Japan must be fumigated with methyl bromide (MB) and then cold stored. Ethyl formate (EF), as an alternative to MB, is effective against a range of pests. This project investigated the effectiveness of EF to control an internal pest such as CM by determining the responses of key insect stages without fruit and inside apples. Trials without fruit in a 2 h fumigation showed that late-stage CM eggs and third instar CM larvae were the most tolerant life stages, requiring a mean concentration of 1.34–1.94% EF to achieve 99% mortality, but 100% mortality of 4th/5th instar CM larvae. Trials with CM in fruit in a 2 h fumigation showed that 1.13% EF resulted in 53.4% mortality of 4th/5th CM larvae inside apples. Increasing the mean concentration to 2.4% EF increased the mortality of 4th/5th larvae inside apples to 85.2%.
Agglomeration and Dispersion of High-order Service Employment in the Montreal Metropolitan Region, 1981-96

Much of the recent urban literature on suburban employment centres has neglected the role of high-order services, perhaps the principal component of 'edge cities', in the creation of the evolving multinucleated metropolitan structure. This paper specifically explores the role of high-order services in this process. We use employment by place-of-work data at the census-tract level to examine the changing intrametropolitan geography of employment in four finance, insurance and real estate (FIRE) services and eight business services in the Montreal area over the period 1981-96. We find evidence of central business district (CBD) decline in relative, but not absolute, terms. The resulting decentralisation has clearly assumed the form of polycentricity rather than of generalised dispersion. In spite of recent advances in telecommunications technologies, agglomeration economies continue to exert an important impact upon intrametropolitan location.
Capuchin Monkeys Exercise Self-control by Choosing Token Exchange Over an Immediate Reward

Author(s): Judge, Peter G. ; Essler, Jennifer L. | Abstract: Self-control is a prerequisite for complex cognitive processes such as cooperation and planning. As such, comparative studies of self-control may help elucidate the evolutionary origin of these capacities. A variety of methods have been developed to test for self-control in non-human primates that include some variation of foregoing an immediate reward in order to gain a more favorable reward. We used a token exchange paradigm to test for self-control in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). Animals were trained that particular tokens could be exchanged for food items worth different values. To test for self-control, a monkey was provided with a token that was associated with a lower-value food. When the monkey exchanged the token, the experimenter provided the monkey with a choice between the lower-value food item associated with the token or another token that was associated with a higher-value food. If the monkey chose the token, they could then exchange it for the higher-value food. Of seven monkeys trained to exchange tokens, five demonstrated that they attributed value to the tokens by differentially selecting tokens for higher-value foods over tokens for lower-value foods. When provided with a choice between a food item or a token for a higher-value food, two monkeys selected the token significantly more than expected by chance. The ability of capuchin monkeys to forego an immediate food reward and select a token that could then be traded for a more preferred food demonstrated some degree of self-control. Thus, results suggest a token exchange paradigm could be a successful technique for assessing self-control in this New World species. //
Bootstrapping Fuzzy-GARCH Regressions on the Day of the Week Effect in Stock Returns: Applications in MATLAB

This paper examines the well know day of the week effect on stock returns. Various approaches have been developed and applied in order to examine calendar effects in stock returns and to formulate appropriate financial and risk portfolios. We propose an alternative approach in the estimation of the day of the week effect. More specifically we apply fuzzy regressions with triangular membership function in four major stock market index returns. We expect that if the day of the week is valid, then the Monday returns should be negative or lower than the other days of the week and in addition Friday returns should be the highest. The main findings and results are mixed and based on the fuzzy regression we conclude that there isn’t the day of the week or the Monday effect. Specifically, we find a reverse Monday effect in S&P 500, a negative Friday effect in FTSE-100, a positive Tuesday effect in NIKKEI-225 and no effects in DAX index. The specific approach is appropriate as fuzzy logic regression is appropriate and able to capture the impressions and nonlinearities in finance and human behaviour, which are main characteristics in financial industry. Furthermore fuzzy regression avoids the classification of dummy variables to values of one and zero, as we do in the traditional statistical and econometric methodology
Nutritional Evaluation of Two Promising Varieties of Forage Sorghum in Sheep Fed as Silage

Two promising varieties of forage sorghum viz. HD-15 and J. Sel-10 were identified for their higher forage yield (350- 400 quintals per hectare) compared to traditional/existing variety, HC-136 at Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi. Silage of these three forage sorghum varieties viz., HD-15, J.Sel-10 and HC-136 were prepared in three concrete silos for their nutritional evaluation in sheep. Twelve adult Muzaffarnagari Ewes, divided into three equal groups of 4 each, were offered a particular variety of sorghum silage ad libitum over a period of 30 days followed by a 6 day metabolism trial and a collection of rumen liquor and blood samples. The HD-15 variety of forage sorghum silage contained higher crude protein (CP) than both the J.Sel-10 and HC-136. Average daily dry matter (DM) intake (% of live weight) differed significantly (p<0.05) in sheep that were fed the different varieties of silage, with the maximum amount in HD-15 (2.55) followed by J.Sel-10 (2.49) and HC-136 (1.84). The average apparent digestibility of all the nutrients was low in the sheep that were fed the HC-136 variety of sorghum silage when compared to both HD-15 and J.Sel-10. However, digestibility of organic matter (p<0.05) and crude protein (p<0.01) was significantly low in the HC-136 variety. The average daily nitrogen retention was-0.19, 2.15 and 0.42 g in HC-136, HD-15 and J.Sel-10, respectively which differed significantly (p<0.01). The average digestible crude protein and total digestible nutrient (TDN) contents (%) of the silage varieties were higher in HD-15 (3.14 and 55.3) than HC-136 (0.25 and 58.6) and J.Sel-10 (1.58 and 55.3) varieties. On comparing to the maintenance requirements (ICAR, 1985) for dry matter, crude protein and total digestible nutrients, both the improved varieties (HD-15 and J.Sel-10) almost met the requirements except crude protein, which met only 73.3% of the requirement by J.Sel-10, while the HC-136 variety was unable to meet the requirements. The average rumen pH and total volatile fatty acids concentrations were comparable among the groups. However, concentrations of nitrogen metabolites were higher in the animals fed the HD-15 variety of silage. Varieties of sorghum silage also did not have any influence on the concentration of the blood metabolites. It was concluded that the HD-15 variety of sorghum silage was nutritionally superior to both J.Sel-10 and HC-136 silage. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2005. Vol 18, No. 12 : 1715-1720)
Mandibula Konumunun Üst Hava Yoluna Etkisinin De¤erlendirilmesi The Effect of Mandibular Position on Upper Airway Dimensions

Bu çal›flman›n amac› farkl› anteroposterior çene iliflkisine sahip eriflkin bireylerde üst hava yolu morfolojisinin de¤erlendirilmesidir. Mandibulan›n normal konumda oldu¤u 24 S›n›f I birey, mandibular retrognatisi olan 21 S›n›f II birey ve mandibular prognatisi olan 25 S›n›f III bireyden elde edilen lateral sefalometrik filmler üzerinde üst hava yolu de¤erlendirilmesi için do¤rusal ve aç›sal ölçümlerin yan› s›ra alan ölçümleri yap›lm›flt›r. Gruplar aras›ndaki farkl›l›klar› belirlemek için Varyans analizi kullan›lm›flt›r. S›n›f II ve S›n›f III bireylerde, nazofaringeal ve hipofaringeal yap›lardaki ölçümler, mandibulan›n konumundan etkilenerek anlaml› derecede farkl›l›k göstermifltir. Hyoid kemi¤in konumu S›n›f II bireylerde daha yukarda ve geride iken, S›n›f III bireylerde afla¤›da ve önde konumlanm›flt›r. Bununla beraber nazofaringeal alan ve hipofaringeal alan, mandibular retrognatisi olan bireylerde anlaml› derecede küçüktür (p<0.001), S›n›l III bireylerde ise her iki gruba göre anlaml› derecede büyüktür (p<0.001). Uvula uzunlu¤u ve uvula e¤imi de¤erleri S›n›f II bireylerde S›n›f I ve S›n›f III Demineralizasyon, Mikrosertlik, Yüzey koruyucu. <0.001). Bu bulgular ›fl›¤›nda; üst havayolu yap›lar›n›n, anteroposterior iskeletsel modele göre farkl›l›k gösterdi¤i belirlenmifltir. (Türk Ortodonti Dergisi 2009;22:93-101)
Formation of freely floating sub-stellar objects via close encounters

We numerically studied close encounters between a young stellar system hosting a massive, gravitationally fragmenting disk and an intruder diskless star with the purpose to determine the evolution of fragments that have formed in the disk prior to the encounter. Numerical hydrodynamics simulations in the non-inertial frame of reference of the host star were employed to simulate the prograde and retrograde co-planar encounters. The initial configuration of the target system (star plus disk) was obtained via a separate numerical simulation featuring the gravitational collapse of a solar-mass pre-stellar core. We found that close encounters can lead to the ejection of fragments that have formed in the disk of the target prior to collision. In particular, prograde encounters are more efficient in ejecting the fragments than the retrograde encounters. The masses of ejected fragments are in the brown-dwarf mass regime. They also carry away an appreciable amount of gas in their gravitational radius of influence, implying that these objects may possess extended disks or envelopes, as also suggested by Thies et al. (2015). Close encounters can also lead to the ejection of entire spiral arms, followed by fragmentation and formation of freely-floating objects straddling the planetary mass limit. However, numerical simulations with a higher resolution are needed to confirm this finding.
A bilateral extension of the q-Selberg integral

A multi-dimensional bilateral q-series extending the q-Selberg integral is studied using concepts of truncation, regularization and connection formulae. Following Aomoto’s method, which involves regarding theq-series as a solution of aq-difference equation fixed by its asymptotic behavior, an infinite product evaluation is obtained. The q-difference equation is derived applying the shifted symmetric polynomials introduced by Knop and Sahi. As a special case of the infinite product formula, Askey–Evans’s q-Selberg integral evaluation and its generalization by Tarasov–Varchenko and Stokman is reclaimed, and an explanation in the context of Aomoto’s setting is thus provided. 2010 Mathematical Subject Classification. Primary 33D15, 33D67; Secondary 39A13
Challenges in Estimating Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE) Using Weather Radar Observation Over the Mountainous Country of Nepal

South Asian country Nepal characterizes a complex mountain range in this world. The country’s population density is increasing along with rapid growth of population especially over mountainous cities, southern hills and the Terai. On the other hand, a number of fatal natural calamities, such as flash flooding and landslides raised by clutter intensive rainfall, have been increasing since the last decade. To deal with such water hydro meteorological disasters, accurate information on spatial and temporal variation of rainfall distribution is very important. In Nepal, the amount of rainfall has been obtained from limited rain gauge networks, which may leads to many errors in making a Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE). Weather radar observations have recently been highlighted as an alternative option for estimating the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation across specified time intervals. However, estimating rainfall from radar observation has its own challenges, especially over a mountainous country like Nepal. Another mountainous country Japan is well known for using weather radar observation to make QPE product. Different types of weather radar have been used to record, monitor and forecast precipitation in Japan for both operational and research purposes. A high level research work has also been done on this field. The high spatial and temporal (250-m and 1-min) QPE product obtained from the radar observation is available for the public. It shows good harmony with ground data in the flat and mountain areas of Japan. Though Nepal and Japan are located in different regions, both countries represent complex mountain regions and have been facing natural disaster caused by extreme rainfall. In Nepal, weather radar observation for estimating precipitation amounts has not started on an operational basis till date. Hence, sharing knowledge and skills from Japan’s research on weather radar observation would play a key role to achieve the radar based QPE product in Nepal. Therefore, we discuss about the challenge in obtaining QPE product, considering an example of the progress of weather radar system in Japan. It is believed that any discussion on it will be a reference for weather radar deployment and its QPE product in Nepal in coming days. HYDRO Nepal Journal Journal of Water Energy and Environment Issue: 21, July, 2017 Page: 50-59 Upload Date: July 18, 2017
Economic Valuation of Improved Irrigation Water in Bahir Dar Zuria Woreda, Ethiopia

This study attempts to determine the economic value of improved irrigation water by eliciting farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) using contingent valuation method in Bahir Dar Zuria Woreda, Ethiopia. Single bounded and double bounded dichotomous choices with a follow up open ended questions were employed. Primary data obtained from 197 randomly sampled household heads was analyzed using both descriptive statistics and Econometric models. The descriptive analysis indicates that the mean annual income of the irrigators is twice more than that of non-irrigators. In this study, Probit and Bivariate Probit models were used to measure WTP and to determine the factors that influence the variation in WTP. To identify the basic determinants of maximum WTP, the author also used Tobit model. The mean willingness to pay for the provision of improved irrigation water is found to be birr 674.5 and 579 per year/0.25 ha from the double bounded dichotomous choice and open-ended questions, respectively. Consequently, the aggregate willingness to pay for improved irrigation water supply using the double bounded dichotomous choice and open ended questions is estimated about birr 15,703,709 and 13,480,278 per year, respectively. Among the surveyed households, 99 percent have shown their willingness to pay if there is an improvement in existing irrigation water supply. Thus, the result of this study suggests that it may be a good indicator for investment to expand the current irrigation projects and introducing irrigation water pricing.
Evaluating Semantic Vectors for Norwegian

In this article, we present two benchmark data sets for evaluating models of semantic word similarity for Norwegian. While such resources are available for English, they did not exist for Norwegian prior to this work. Furthermore, we produce large-coverage semantic vectors trained on the Norwegian Newspaper Corpus using several popular word embedding frameworks. Finally, we demonstrate the usefulness of the created resources for evaluating performance of different word embedding models on the tasks of analogical reasoning and synonym detection. The benchmark data sets and word embeddings are all made freely available.
Business Intelligence and Absorptive Capacity of Information by Wineries in the Provence Wine Industry

Purpose: By referring back to researches relative to the “Absorptive Capacity”, this article examines the way in which the actors’ capacity of attention is distributed among various business intelligence systems. Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative research has been conducted with sixteen organizations in the Provence wine industry. Findings: Results reveal that these wineries give only little attention to information coming from professional organisms. However, they favor information collected through formal and informal relations they maintain in their current activity with other companies of industry. Practical implications: The discussion part associates the results with the model of ACAP. The information sources absorption by the wineries is the consequence of their “experience” with other actors of their environment (suppliers, customers, competitors, etc.), rather than the consequence of integration mechanisms set up by the professional organisms.
11 27 4 v 1 [ nu clt h ] 2 9 M ay 2 01 8 Bulk viscosity coefficient of hadronic matter

The bulk viscosity coefficient of hadronic matter has been estimated in this present work, where the thermodynamical equilibrium quantity like speed of sound in the medium has been obtained by using standard hadron resonance gas model. Whereas, the non-equilibrium quantity like thermal widths of medium constituents have been calculated in the framework field theory at finite temperature. Our values of bulk viscosity coefficient are in agreement with some earlier estimations.
Trends in the exchange current for hydrogen evolution

Department of Physics, Technical University Munich, D-85748 Garching, GermanyA density functional theory database of hydrogen chemisorption energies on close packed surfaces of a number of transition andnoble metals is presented. The bond energies are used to understand the trends in the exchange current for hydrogen evolution. Avolcano curve is obtained when measured exchange currents are plotted as a function of the calculated hydrogen adsorptionenergies and a simple kinetic model is developed to understand the origin of the volcano. The volcano curve is also consistent withPt being the most efﬁcient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution. © 2005 The Electrochemical Society. @DOI: 10.1149/1.1856988# All rights reserved.Manuscript submitted May 10, 2004; revised manuscript received August 12, 2004. Available electronically January 24, 2005.
Adversarial Bandits with Knapsacks

We consider Bandits with Knapsacks (henceforth, BwK), a general model for multi-armed bandits under supply/budget constraints. In particular, a bandit algorithm needs to solve a well-known knapsack problem: find an optimal packing of items into a limited-size knapsack. The BwK problem is a common generalization of numerous motivating examples, which range from dynamic pricing to repeated auctions to dynamic ad allocation to network routing and scheduling. While the prior work on BwK focused on the stochastic version, we pioneer the other extreme in which the outcomes can be chosen adversarially. This is a considerably harder problem, compared to both the stochastic version and the "classic" adversarial bandits, in that regret minimization is no longer feasible. Instead, the objective is to minimize the competitive ratio: the ratio of the benchmark reward to algorithm's reward. We design an algorithm with competitive ratio O(log T) relative to the best fixed distribution over actions, where T is the time horizon; we also prove a matching lower bound. The key conceptual contribution is a new perspective on the stochastic version of the problem. We suggest a new algorithm for the stochastic version, which builds on the framework of regret minimization in repeated games and admits a substantially simpler analysis compared to prior work. We then analyze this algorithm for the adversarial version, and use it as a subroutine to solve the latter. Our algorithm is the first "black-box reduction" from bandits to BwK: it takes an arbitrary bandit algorithm and uses it as a subroutine. We use this reduction to derive several extensions.
Effect of drip and surface irrigation on yield, water- use-efficiency and economics of capsicum (c apsicum annum l.) Grown under mulch and non mulch conditions in eastern coastal India

A field experiments was conducted on the loamy sand soil at Bhubaneswar in eastern coastal of India for two years (2007-08 and 2008-09) to evaluate the yield, water-use-efficiency and economic feasibility of capsicum grown under drip and surface irrigation with non-mulch and black Linear Low Density Poly Ethylene (LLDPE) plastic mulch. Actual evapotranspiration for capsicum crop was estimated using modified pan evaporation method. The net irrigation volume (V) was determined after deducting the effective rainfall. Effect of three irrigation levels viz. VD, 0.8 VD and 0.6 VD (VD = full irrigation volume with drip) in conjunction with LLDPE mulch and no mulch were studied on biometric and yield response of capsicum crop. The results of surface irrigation were compared with drip irrigation system under no mulch and in conjunction with LLDPE mulch. The study indicated better plant growth, more number of fruits per plant and enhancement in the yield under drip irrigation system with LLDPE mulch. The highest yield (28.7 t/ha) was recorded under 100% net irrigation volume with drip irrigation (VD) and plastic mulching as compared to other treatments. This system increased the yield and net seasonal income by 57 % and 54 % respectively as compared to conventional surface irrigation without mulch with a benefit cost ratio of 2.01. The benefit cost ratio was found to be the highest (2.44) for the treatment VD without mulch. Drip irrigation system could increase the yield by 28 % over surface irrigation even in the absence of mulch. Similarly, LLDPE mulch alone could increase the yield by 13 % even in the absence of drip irrigation system.