Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bodies, pleasure and displeasure

In sociology and cultural studies, the body is often treated only as a symbolic space, as a surface on which sexual meanings are written and from which they are read. Realist philosophy of science and philosophy of mind, however, do not treat discursive meaning as arbitrary and disconnected from the material universe. Using a realist framework, this paper examines areas of collision between values and beliefs about matters of fact concerning men's and women's sexual bodies and sexual pleasure and displeasure. Groups campaigning for and against male circumcision do not argue directly against each other. The first draw on health justifications, while the latter raise difficulties about human rights and loss of sexual sensitivity. Measuring penile sensitivity proves to be difficult. When sexual satisfaction is understood as traditional masculine role adequacy in reproductive coitus, there is no way of understanding complaints about loss of receptive sensuality. Debates about the structure and nomenclature of the clitoris, about the existence of female ejaculation and about the evolutionary function of the female orgasm similarly founder when the protagonists do not share a conceptual framework: macroscopic anatomic structures and physiological processes become invisible to observers and false assumptions are made, for example about when and how orgasm occurs. Most sexual difficulties are not physical dysfunctions, but failures to meet social rules of sexual behaviour. In conclusion, the paper draws attention to issues insufficiently addressed in contemporary sexuality studies and calls for practical engagement by social researchers with public health and policy.
Long-term hormone replacement therapy preserves bone mineral density in Turner syndrome.

CONTEXT Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fractures are present in many women with Turner syndrome (TS). OBJECTIVE Examine longitudinal changes in BMD in TS and relate changes to biochemical parameters. DESIGN Prospective, pragmatic, and observational study. Examinations at baseline and follow-up (5.9+/-0.7 years). SETTING Tertiary hospital. PARTICIPANTS Fifty-four women with TS (43.0+/-9.95 years). Interventions Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Main outcome measures BMD (g/cm(2)) measured at lumbar spine, hip, and the non-dominant forearm. Bone formation and resorption markers, sex hormones, IGF1, and maximal oxygen uptake. RESULTS At follow-up, forearm BMD, radius ultradistal BMD, and hip BMD remained unchanged, radius 1/3 BMD declined (0.601+/-0.059 vs 0.592+/-0.059, P=0.03), while spine BMD increased (0.972+/-0.139 vs 1.010+/-0.144, P<0.0005). Bone formation markers did not change over time in TS. Bone resorption markers decreased over time in TS. Testosterone, IGF1, and maximal oxygen uptake was significantly reduced in TS. CONCLUSION Longitudinal changes in BMD in TS were slight. BMD can be maintained at most sites in well-informed women with TS, being encouraged to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including HRT and intake of calcium and vitamin D.
Effect of denosumab treatment on the risk of fractures in subgroups of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis

Denosumab reduces the risk of new vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. Previous trials suggest that the efficacy of antiresorptives on fractures might differ by patients' characteristics, such as age, bone mineral density (BMD), and fracture history. In the FREEDOM study, 7808 women aged 60 to 90 years with osteoporosis were randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous injections of denosumab (60 mg) or placebo every 6 months for 3 years. New vertebral and nonvertebral fractures were radiologically confirmed. Subgroup analyses described in this article were prospectively planned before study unblinding to evaluate the effect of denosumab on new vertebral and nonvertebral fractures across various subgroups. Compared with placebo, denosumab decreased the risk of new vertebral fractures in the overall study population over 3 years. This effect did not significantly differ for any of the nine subgroups analyzed (p > 0.09 for all potential interactions). Denosumab also reduced all nonvertebral fractures by 20% in the full study cohort over 3 years. This risk reduction was statistically significant in women with a baseline femoral neck BMD T‐score ≤ −2.5 but not in those with a T‐score > −2.5; in those with a body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2 but not ≥ 25 kg/m2; and in those without but not with a prevalent vertebral fracture. These differential treatment effects were not explained by differences in BMD responses to denosumab. Denosumab 60 mg administered every 6 months for 3 years in women with osteoporosis reduced the risk of new vertebral fractures to a similar degree in all subgroups. The effect of denosumab on nonvertebral fracture risk differed by femoral neck BMD, BMI, and prevalent vertebral fracture at baseline. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
It's About Time! The Influence of Institutional Investment Horizon on Corporate Social Responsibility

The US equity market has witnessed the rising power of institutional investors over the past three decades. Yet even as these institutional owners become more powerful, their effect on corporate social responsibility (CSR) still remains unclear. The present study attempts to fill this gap by examining these investors’ influence on CSR along the dimension of investor time horizon. We find robust evidence that ownership by institutional investors with long investment horizons is positively associated with higher CSR scores, while ownership by institutional investors with short investment horizons is either negatively or not significantly associated with CSR scores. The same results hold when we consider ownership by public pension funds, which present a unique case in which a theoretically long-term horizon has recently been questioned, due to pressures toward short-termism. Granger causality tests also show that the direction of the observed effects goes from institutional ownership to CSR and not the opposite. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp., a New Problematic Microfossil (“incertae sedis”) from the Rhaetian Dachstein Limestone of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Germany, Austria)

A new problematic microfossil is described as Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. from the Rhaetian Dachstein Limestone of the Northern Calcareous Alps. The new species is composed of a long cylindrical and an irregular rounded body, both showing narrow axial cavity. It is similar to Coptocampylodon? elliotti RADOIČIĆ 1969 from the Cenomanian of Montenegro, but lacks the longitudinal grooves in the cylindrical part. In the Alpine Dachstein Limestone it has been detected at several localities where it occurs as an abundant constituent of biosparitic limestones along with the benthic foraminifera Triasina hantkeni MAJZON, Aulotortus sinuosus WEYNSCHENK,Duostominidae and dasycladales Griphoporella curvata (GÜMBEL)and Diplopora adnetensis FLÜGEL.
in Electricity Forward Markets

Spot power prices are volatile and since electricity cannot be economically stored, familiar arbitrage-based methods are not applicable for pricing power derivative contracts. This paper presents an equilibrium model implying that the forward power price is a downward biased predictor of the future spot price if expected power demand is low and demand risk is moderate. However, the equilibrium forward premium increases when either expected demand or demand variance is high, because of positive skewness in the spot power price distribution. Preliminary empirical evidence indicates that the premium in forward power prices is greatest during the summer months.
Antibody profiles to the group B streptococcal beta antigen in maternal and infant paired sera

Antibody profiles to the purified β antigen of the c protein of group B streptococci (GBS) were studied by ELISA and Western immunoblot (WB). The sera from 139 parturient women colonized with GBS, 35 non‐colonized parturients and their newborn infants were studied by ELISA; WB was done on 76 maternal and 26 infant sera. Enzyme‐labeled anti‐IgA (α), ‐IgG (γ), ‐IgM (μ), or ‐IgG (H&L) were used as secondary antibodies. A high prevalence of antibody to the β antigen was observed by both ELISA and WB among parturient women and their newborns. IgG (H&L) ELISA titers ≥200 were found in 84% and ≥800 in 31% of the maternal sera. A significantly higher percentage of women colonized than those non‐colonized with GBS had IgG (γ) titers ≥800. A significantly higher percentage of women colonized with c protein‐positive than c‐negative strains of GBS had IgG (H&L) titers ≥3200. Twelve of 27 women with IgM antibody to the β antigen also had IgG (γ) titers ≥800 and were, in addition, colonized with GBS. Multiple molecular forms of the antigen from 25 to 140 kDa were blotted by the maternal and infant sera. Concordance in the IgG but not in IgA or IgM antibody profiles of maternal and infant paired sera was observed in the overall blotting patterns and ELISA titers. The same titer as the mother was found in 55% of the infant sera and within one dilution in 97%. This suggests active transfer of IgG antibody to the β antigen across the placenta from mother to baby.
Rehabilitation of Canal Wall Down Mastoidectomy Using a Titanium Ear Canal Implant

Objective: To describe the rehabilitation of canal wall down mastoidectomy cavities using a custom-made titanium wall implant and to analyze the benefits and the long-term functional results. Study Design: Retrospective analysis. Setting: Tertiary care center. Patients and Methods: We have reviewed the data of 113 consecutive operated ears from 106 patients during a 9-year period (1993-2002). The following preoperative and postoperative criteria were compared: the persistence or resolution of otorrhea, cholesteatoma, and vertigo; external auditory canal healing, position of the titanium prosthesis, and tympanic membrane findings. In addition, the hearing status was evaluated by comparing the preoperative data with the 6-month and last follow-up postoperative data to deduce the air-bone gap (ABG) and the auditory gains. Results: Operated ears (88.5%) were dry after the initial rehabilitation, and 97.3% were dry after a revision surgery for defective canal healing. Most patients (96.5%) were free of vertigo. The external auditory canal wall was in a good position in all cases and allowed for a primary skin healing process in 84% of cases; the remaining patients underwent revision surgery under local anesthesia to complete the healing. The reconstructed drum was stable and anatomic in 73% of the cases (n = 83) after the first surgery. Thirty-six patients (32%) underwent various revision procedures: aeration tube placement for 16 patients with mesotympanic retraction and/or serous effusion, revision surgery for 12 patients with attic retraction or evidence of cholesteatoma, and revision for 5 patients with perforation. At last follow-up, 100% of the ear canals were healed, and 85% of patients had a normal tympanic membrane. No residual cholesteatoma was found at last follow-up. Thirty-six percent of patients had an ABG within 20 dB at last follow-up, and 69% within 30 dB. Conclusion: The rehabilitation of canal wall down mastoidectomies improves the quality of life of patients regarding cholesteatoma recurrence, otorrhea, and vertigo in more than 95% of cases and stabilizes the hearing loss to less than 30 dB of ABG for more than two thirds of patients. The main unresolved problem is the persistent dysfunction of the middle ear cavity, with unsatisfactory auditory improvements. Middle ear implants represent in selected cases a new solution to rehabilitate the refractory hearing losses.
Patient Characteristics by Type of Hypersexuality Referral: A Quantitative Chart Review of 115 Consecutive Male Cases

Hypersexuality remains an increasingly common but poorly understood patient complaint. Despite diversity in clinical presentations of patients referred for hypersexuality, the literature has maintained treatment approaches that are assumed to apply to the entire phenomenon. This approach has proven ineffective, despite its application over several decades. The present study used quantitative methods to examine demographic, mental health, and sexological correlates of common clinical subtypes of hypersexuality referrals. Findings support the existence of subtypes, each with distinct clusters of features. Paraphilic hypersexuals reported greater numbers of sexual partners, more substance abuse, initiation to sexual activity at an earlier age, and novelty as a driving force behind their sexual behavior. Avoidant masturbators reported greater levels of anxiety, delayed ejaculation, and use of sex as an avoidance strategy. Chronic adulterers reported premature ejaculation and later onset of puberty. Designated patients were less likely to report substance abuse, employment, or finance problems. Although quantitative, this article nonetheless presents a descriptive study in which the underlying typology emerged from features most salient in routine sexological assessment. Future studies might apply purely empirical statistical techniques, such as cluster analyses, to ascertain to what extent similar typologies emerge when examined prospectively.
Differential copy number aberrations in novel candidate genes associated with progression from in situ to invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast

Only a minority of intraductal carcinomas of the breast give rise to stromally invasive disease. We microdissected 206 paraffin blocks representing 116 different cases of low‐grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Fifty‐five were pure DCIS (PD) cases without progression to invasive carcinoma. Sixty‐one cases had a small invasive component. DNA was extracted from microdissected sections and hybridized to high‐density bacterial artificial chromosome arrays. Array comparative genomic hybridization analysis of 118 hybridized DNA samples yielded data on 69 samples that were suitable for further statistical analysis. This cohort included 20 pure DCIS cases, 25 mixed DCIS (MD), and 24 mixed invasive carcinoma samples. PD cases had a higher frequency of DNA copy number changes than MD cases, and the latter had similar DNA profiles compared to paired invasive carcinomas. Copy number changes on 13 chromosomal arms occurred at different rates in PD versus MD lesions. Eight of 19 candidate genes residing at those loci were confirmed to have differential copy number changes by quantitative PCR. NCOR2/SMRT and NR4A1 (both on 12q), DYNLRB2 (16q), CELSR1, UPK3A, and ST13 (all on 22q) were more frequently amplified in PD. Moreover, NCOR2, NR4A1, and DYNLRB2 showed more frequent copy number losses in MD. GRAP2 (22q) was more often amplified in MD, whereas TAF1C (16q) was more commonly deleted in PD. A multigene model comprising these candidate genes discriminated between PD and MD lesions with high accuracy. These findings suggest that the propensity to invade the stroma may be encoded in the genome of intraductal carcinomas. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New development: Bullying in a reforming context—a holistic, layered model of the interpersonal interaction

Public services have been transformed, with health services, in particular, in a state of almost constant change with reforms leading to a blurring of the nature of work across sectors and a bullying rate at epidemic levels. A new holistic model of the drivers of bullying is presented. The model is a powerful tool for understanding and addressing workplace bullying.
Herpes Simplex Virus Resistant to Acyclovir: A Study in a Tertiary Care Center

Study objective To determine the sensitivity of herpes simplex virus isolates to acyclovir and the importance of resistant isolates in hospitalized patients. Design Retrospective incidence cohort study. Setting All herpes simplex virus isolates cultured over 1 year from patients followed at a tertiary care center. Patients Consecutive herpes simplex virus isolates were collected from 207 patients, including immunocompetent patients, patients with malignancy, neonates, bone marrow and organ transplant recipients, and patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus. Measurements and main results A rapid nucleic acid hybridization method was used to assess susceptibility to acyclovir. Acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex viruses were recovered from 7 of 148 immunocompromised patients (4.7%) but from none of 59 immunocompetent hosts. Clinical disease was found in all 7 patients with resistant herpes simplex virus and was more severe in pediatric patients. All resistant isolates were from acyclovir-treated patients and had absent or altered thymidine kinase activity by plaque autoradiography. Conclusion Herpes simplex virus resistant to acyclovir arises relatively frequently in immunocompromised patients and may cause serious disease. Rapid detection of resistance permits antiviral therapy to be individualized. Antiviral susceptibility testing to monitor viral resistance should be encouraged, especially in tertiary care settings.
Health Professionals' Responses to Disclosure of Child Sexual Abuse History: Female Child Sexual Abuse Survivors' Experiences

This study reports on a postal questionnaire, conducted in 2004, with female survivors of historic child sexual abuse. The questionnaire explored their experiences of health professionals' responsiveness to disclosure of child sexual abuse history. Of 61 participants, aged between 22 and 65, 69% had disclosed to health professionals. Those who had not disclosed reported that they would have liked to but were not asked about child sexual abuse. Thirty-five percent of participants suggested routine questioning about child sexual abuse. Most participants related a fear of common medical examination procedures to their experience of child sexual abuse, and 64% said this stopped them from attending regular health checks. The current study suggests the development of guidelines for dealing with possible child sexual abuse survivors would be useful for health professionals.
Perinatal Factors Associated With Cerebral Palsy in Children Born in Sweden

OBJECTIVE: To identify perinatal factors associated with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: This was a case–control study based on the Swedish Medical Birth Registry and the Swedish Hospital Discharge Registry, including 2,303 infants born in Sweden 1984–1998 with a diagnosis of CP and 1.6 million infants without this diagnosis. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS: Infants born preterm had a highly increased risk for CP, and constituted 35% of all cases; OR 34 (95% CI 29–39) in weeks23–27, OR 37 (95% CI 32–42) in weeks 28–29, OR 26 (95% CI 23–30) in weeks 30–31, and OR 3.9 (95% CI 3.4–4.4) in weeks 32–36. Boys had a higher risk (sex ratio 1.36:1), particularly before term (sex ratio 1.55:1). Other factors associated with CP were being small or large for gestational age at birth, abruptio placentae (OR 8.6, 95% CI 5.6–13.3), maternal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type 1 (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.4–3.1), preeclampsia (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3–2.4), being a twin (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.6), maternal age older than 40 years (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.8) or 35–39 years (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.4), primiparity (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.3), and smoking (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.3). In term infants, low Apgar scores were associated with a high risk for CP; OR 62 (95% CI 52–74) at score 6 at 5 minutes, OR 498 (95% CI 458–542) at score 3. Other factors associated with CP in term infants were breech presentation at vaginal birth (OR 3.0, 95% CI 2.4–3.7), instrumental delivery (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.6–2.3), and emergency cesarean delivery (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.6–2.0). CONCLUSION: Preterm birth entails a high risk for CP, but 65% of these children are born at term. Several obstetric factors and low Apgar scores are associated with CP. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II-2
Is the Corrected-Creatinine Model for End-Stage Liver Disease a Feasible Strategy to Adjust Gender Difference in Organ Allocation for Liver Transplantation?

Background. The Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) scoring system is used for organ allocation in liver transplantation. Female cirrhotic patients have lower glomerular filtration rates (GFR) than males for the same creatinine (Cr) level. Correcting the Cr in females for the same GFR as in males shows that females have lower MELD scores and therefore a lower priority for liver transplantation; however, there has been no outcome data that justifies this modification. Methods. We investigated 472 cirrhotic patients, comparing the mortality rate between males and females in relation to MELD and corrected-Cr MELD. Results. Compared to females, male patients had a higher MELD (14.5±5.5 vs. 13.8±5.7) and significantly higher GFR (61.7±21.4 vs. 54.7±25.6 mlLmin/1.73 m2, P=0.0002) because their Cr value was higher (1.4±0.4 vs. 1.3±0.5 mg/dL, P=0.0002). The corrected-Cr MELD score in females was higher (15.7±6.3) compared to the MELD in their original counterpart (P<0.0001) and the males (P=0.060). Female and male patients had a similar 3-month mortality rate (6.7% vs. 6.3%) and MELD (21.9±8.6 vs. 21.7±8.9) among deceased patients. At 6 months, female patients tended to have a lower mortality (12.5% vs. 14.7%) and a lower MELD (18.9±7.7 vs. 19.4±8.5) in deceased patients. However, at 9 and 12 months, females had a consistently higher mortality (25% vs. 21.2% and 37.5% vs. 31.3%, respectively) but lower MELD scores than males by 0.3–1 point. Conclusions. Using corrected-Cr MELD, which would prioritize female patients for liver transplantation, may only be justified in predicting intermediate-term (9- and 12-month), but not short-term (3- and 6-month) mortality.
A Needs Assessment for Teachers’ School Safety Management Competency Development Program

- 본 Some ABSTRACT Purpose: Recently, various accidents and incidents occurred in our school environment, making it necessary to enhance teachers ’ competency in school safety management. To this end, this study was conducted to analyze the needs of teachers related to school safety management competency development. Methods: For this purpose, the existing teacher ’ s task analysis related to school safety management was revised and surveys were conducted to measure teachers ’ present level, expectative level and importance of the items based on the task analysis. To analyze the data, Borich Needs Assessment and The Locus for Focus Model were used. Results: In the t-test between the teachers ’ present level and expectative level about school safety management, all 39 tasks were related ( p < .001). The priorities in developing teachers ’ competency in school safety management were found to be the 6 tasks listed below: ‘ To deal with each type of accident, ’ ‘ To implement CPR and defibrillator, ’ ‘ To use fire extinguishers and fire hydrants, ’ ‘ To use descending life lines, ’ ‘ To give first aid, ’ and ‘ To cope with elevator accidents. ’ Conclusion: By utilizing the results of the teacher ’ s competency and need assesment as components, teachers ’ training programs can be made more applicable to the school setting. In addition, more experi-ence-based programs should be considered when designing teachers ’ training programs in order to apply the priority found from the teacher ’ s need assessment.