Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A hospital outbreak of multiresistant haemophilus influenzae type B.

Following an outbreak of multi-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infections in a tuberculosis hospital, this study was undertaken to determine carriage of Hib in 2 paediatric wards; to characterise all isolates of Hib, determine their antimicrobial susceptibility profile and the antibody response of the children to a conjugate vaccine. Prior to and one month after immunisation, oroand nasopharyngeal swab specimens as well as venous blood were collected from each child. Isolates were tested for /3-lactamase and chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) production, their MIC's determined by the agar dilution method and characterisation of Hib isolates was performed by biotyping and analysis of outer membrane protein (OMP) profiles. An ELISA was also developed to determine serum antibody levels to polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate (PRP), the capsular polysaccharide of Hib. The study population comprised a total of 135 children who had been hospitalised for treatment for tuberculosis. The patients were aged 4 months to 14 years with a median of 37,5 months. During the study period, none of the children developed invasive Hib disease. The overall carriage rate of Hib increased from 38% (51/135) before immunisation to 62% (84/135) after immunisation (P<0,01). Oropharyngeal sampling was superior to nasopharyngeal for detecting carriers of Hib. Biotyping of isolates revealed that 33% (18/51) were biotype II, 25% (12/51) biotype III, 18% (9/51) biotype V and 16% (8/51) biotype I. Isolates of invasive Hib disease which occurred prior to the study were biotype II. OMP analysis revealed greater diversity of subtypes after immunisation. Multiantibiotic resistant strains from cases of invasive disease were subtype 1H as were two multi-resistant carriage strains. ii The production of /3-lactamase and CAT was detected in 27% and 4% of preand postimmunisation isolates respectively. Resistance to rifampicin increased from 92% to 100% after immunisation. All isolates were uniformly susceptible to azithromycin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and aztreonam and there were no differences in MICgo values for /3-lactamase producing and non-producing strains. Prior to immunisation, only 12% (16) of the children had the expected antibody level of > 0,15 /ig/ml. After immunisation, 34%(45) of patients increased their antibody levels to > 1,0 /xg/ml. There was no statistical difference between the mean antibody concentrations of patients who were colonised by Hib and those who were not (p = 0,58). The vaccine did not reduce carriage of Hib in this study population of children being treated for tuberculosis and the immune response to the vaccine was not optimal. Production of /3-lactamase and the prevalence of rifampicin resistance has implications for treatment and chemoprophylaxis in this population. OMP analysis showed a diversity of types. Multi-resistant strains causing invasive disease had the same OMP type as some multiresistant strains which colonised the children.
Substance Abuse in a Sample of Egyptian Schizophrenic Patients

One hundred schizophrenic patients followed up in the outpatient department of Ain Shams University Psychiatric Institute (Cairo, Egypt) were studied for the problem of substance abuse. Twenty six percent of those patients were found to fulfill DSM-IV criteria for substance abuse. The most commonly abused substances were anti-parkinsonian drugs followed by cannabinoids, opioids, and benzodiazepines. Significant risk factors for abuse included male gender, high level of depression, smoking, and premorbid personality, with no significant association regarding schizophrenia subtype or neuroleptic drug dosage. More focusing and search for substance abuse is recommended as an important step in evaluating schizophrenic patients.
Not Just Age but Age and Quality of Information

A versatile scheduling problem to model a three-way tradeoff between age of information (AoI), quality/distortion, and energy is considered. The considered problem called the age and quality of information (AQI) is to select which packets to transmit at each time slot to minimize a linear combination of the utility driven by quality, the AoI, and the energy transmission cost in an online fashion. AQI problem combines tradeoffs from some important distinct problems, such as AoI with multiple sources, the remote sampling problem with sampling constraint, the classical speed scaling problem among others. The arbitrary/adversarial case input model is considered in the online setting, where the performance metric is the competitive ratio. A greedy algorithm is proposed that is shown to be 2-competitive, independent of all parameters of the problem. For the special case of AQI problem, a maximum weight matching based algorithm is also shown to be 2-competitive.
Función de la literatura infantil y juvenil en la formación de la competencia literaria

El objetivo formativo de la lectura literaria es el desarrollo de la competencia literaria y de cada uno de sus componentes, entre los que destacan, a modo de bloques integrados, la competencia lectora y, particularmente, el intertexto del lector. La Literatura Infantil y Juvenil es un conjunto de producciones de signo artístico literario, de rasgos comunes y compartidos con otras producciones literarias -también con producciones de otros códigos semióticosa las que se tiene acceso en tempranas etapas de formación lingüística y cultural.
Minimizing Age-of-Information with Throughput Requirements in Multi-Path Network Communication

We consider the scenario where a sender periodically sends a batch of data to a receiver over a multi-hop network, possibly using multiple paths. Our objective is to minimize peak/average Age-of-Information (AoI) subject to throughput requirements. The consideration of batch generation and multi-path communication differentiates our AoI study from existing ones. We first show that our AoI minimization problems are NP-hard, but only in the weak sense, as we develop an optimal algorithm with a pseudo-polynomial time complexity. We then prove that minimizing AoI and minimizing maximum delay are "roughly" equivalent, in the sense that any optimal solution of the latter is an approximate solution of the former with bounded optimality loss. We leverage this understanding to design a general approximation framework for our problems. It can build upon any α-approximation algorithm of the maximum delay minimization problem, e.g., the algorithm in [13] with α = 1 + ε given any user-defined ε > 0, to construct an (α + c)-approximate solution for minimizing AoI. Here c is a constant depending on the throughput requirements. Simulations over various network topologies validate the effectiveness of our approach.
A multiple attribute model resolves a conflict between additive and multiplicative models of incentive salience

A model of incentive salience as a function of stimulus value and interoceptive state has been previously proposed. In that model, the function differs depending on whether the stimulus is appetitive or aversive; it is multiplicative for appetitive stimuli and additive for aversive stimuli. The authors argued it was necessary to capture data on how extreme changes in salt appetite could move evaluation of an extreme salt solution from negative to positive. We demonstrate that arbitrarily varying this function is unnecessary, and that a multiplicative function is sufficient if one assumes the incentive salience function for an incentive (such as salt) is comprised of multiple stimulus features and multiple interoceptive signals. We show that it is also unnecessary considering the dual-structure approach-aversive nature of the reward system, which results in separate weighting of appetitive and aversive stimulus features.
Surrogate-assisted Bayesian inversion for landscape and basin evolution models

Abstract. The complex and computationally expensive nature of landscape evolution models poses significant challenges to the inference and optimization of unknown model parameters. Bayesian inference provides a methodology for estimation and uncertainty quantification of unknown model parameters. In our previous work, we developed parallel tempering Bayeslands as a framework for parameter estimation and uncertainty quantification for the Badlands landscape evolution model. Parallel tempering Bayeslands features high-performance computing that can feature dozens of processing cores running in parallel to enhance computational efficiency. Nevertheless, the procedure remains computationally challenging since thousands of samples need to be drawn and evaluated. In large-scale landscape evolution problems, a single model evaluation can take from several minutes to hours and in some instances, even days or weeks. Surrogate-assisted optimization has been used for several computationally expensive engineering problems which motivate its use in optimization and inference of complex geoscientific models. The use of surrogate models can speed up parallel tempering Bayeslands by developing computationally inexpensive models to mimic expensive ones. In this paper, we apply surrogate-assisted parallel tempering where the surrogate mimics a landscape evolution model by estimating the likelihood function from the model. We employ a neural-network-based surrogate model that learns from the history of samples generated. The entire framework is developed in a parallel computing infrastructure to take advantage of parallelism. The results show that the proposed methodology is effective in lowering the computational cost significantly while retaining the quality of model predictions.
Upper Gastrointestinal Malignancy among Dyspepsia Patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta

Background : Upper gastrointestinal (GI) malignancy was still a health problem in all over the world. The prevalence of the upper GI malignancy vary among Asian countries. Data from Indonesia was scarcely reported. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of upper GI malignancy among dyspepsia patients who underwent esophagoduodenoscopy (EGD) procedure. Method : This is a retrospectives study from subject with dyspepsia that had underwent upper GI endoscopy at the Department of Internal Medicine Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital from January 2005 to December 2007. All complete data from medical report and histopathology appearance will be recorded. Results : Out of 2,116 subjects underwent endoscopy due to dyspepsia, 110 (5.19%) subjects was diagnosed as cancer. This upper GI malignancy consisted of gastric cancer in 63 (2.97%) cases, esophageal cancer 32 (1.51%) and duodenal cancer 15 (0.71%). The mean ages of the subjects was 53.36 ± 10.97 years, age less than 45 years was 20 (18.20%) subjects, more than 45 years was 90 (81.18%), male 71 (64.50%) subjects, female 39 (35.50%). Most of them had alarm signs 96 (87.30%). Histopathology finding showed adeno-carcinoma in 75 (68.20%) cases, signet ring cell carcinoma in 14 (12.70%), squamous cell carcinoma in 8 (7.30%), others in 13 (11.80%). Out of 59 gastric cancer, 48 (76.20%) cases was located at distal part while the rest 11 (17.50%) cases was located at the proximal gaster, and 4 (6.30%) in diffuse. By the ethnics founded Javanese 37 (33.60%) subjects, Betawinese 22 (20.00%), Sundanese 12 (10.90%) and Batak 13 (11.80%) . Conclusions : Upper GI malignancy was found in five percent of subjects with dyspepsia who undergo colonoscopy. The three most frequent malignancies were gastric carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, and duodenal carcinoma respectively. Most of gastric adenocarcinoma was located at distal stomach. Keywords : upper gastrointestinal malignancy, dyspepsia, endoscopy, alarm sign, histopathology
A universal sampling method for reconstructing signals with simple Fourier transforms

Reconstructing continuous signals based on a small number of discrete samples is a fundamental problem across science and engineering. We are often interested in signals with "simple'' Fourier structure -- e.g., those involving frequencies within a bounded range, a small number of frequencies, or a few blocks of frequencies -- i.e., bandlimited, sparse, and multiband signals, respectively. More broadly, any prior knowledge on a signal's Fourier power spectrum can constrain its complexity. Intuitively, signals with more highly constrained Fourier structure require fewer samples to reconstruct. We formalize this intuition by showing that, roughly, a continuous signal from a given class can be approximately reconstructed using a number of samples proportional to the statistical dimension of the allowed power spectrum of that class. We prove that, in nearly all settings, this natural measure tightly characterizes the sample complexity of signal reconstruction. Surprisingly, we also show that, up to log factors, a universal non-uniform sampling strategy can achieve this optimal complexity for any class of signals. We present an efficient and general algorithm for recovering a signal from the samples taken. For bandlimited and sparse signals, our method matches the state-of-the-art, while providing the the first computationally and sample efficient solution to a broader range of problems, including multiband signal reconstruction and Gaussian process regression tasks in one dimension. Our work is based on a novel connection between randomized linear algebra and the problem of reconstructing signals with constrained Fourier structure. We extend tools based on statistical leverage score sampling and column-based matrix reconstruction to the approximation of continuous linear operators that arise in the signal reconstruction problem. We believe these extensions are of independent interest and serve as a foundation for tackling a broad range of continuous time problems using randomized methods.
Social workers: Peer interaction and hospital integration

Healthcare has evolved rapidly in Saudi Arabia, based upon a Western model of service which incorporates multi-disciplinary professional teams. Social work practice forms part of patient care. However, little is known about how social workers are integrated into the hospital setting. This study aims to investigate the involvement of hospital social workers with other professionals (e.g. physicians, nurses, psychiatrists, and psychologists). The study uses a qualitative approach to collect its data through a process of semi-structured interviews. The interviews’ analysis indicated that medical social workers perceived limitations to effectively executing their tasks because of issues constraining the development of effective partnerships with other professional groups in the hospital.
Coding Theorems for a Discrete Source With a Fidelity CriterionInstitute of Radio Engineers, International Convention Record, vol. 7, 1959.

Consider a discrete source producing a sequence of message letters from a finite alphabet. A single-letter distortion measure is given by a non-negative matrix (d ij ). The entryd ij measures the ? cost? or ? distortion? if letteriis reproduced at the receiver as letterj. The average distortion of a communications system (source-coder-noisy channel-decoder) is taken to bed= ? i.j P ij d ij whereP ij is the probability ofibeing reproduced asj. It is shown that there is a functionR(d) that measures the ? equivalent rate? of the source for a given level of distortion. For coding purposes where a leveldof distortion can be tolerated, the source acts like one with information rateR(d). Methods are given for calculatingR(d), and various properties discussed. Finally, generalizations to ergodic sources, to continuous sources, and to distortion measures involving blocks of letters are developed. In this paper a study is made of the problem of coding a discrete source of information, given afidelity criterionor ameasure of the distortionof the final recovered message at the receiving point relative to the actual transmitted message. In a particular case there might be a certain tolerable level of distortion as determined by this measure. It is desired to so encode the information that the maximum possible signaling rate is obtained without exceeding the tolerable distortion level. This work is an expansion and detailed elaboration of ideas presented earlier [1], with particular reference to the discrete case. We shall show that for a wide class of distortion measures and discrete sources of information there exists a functionR(d) (depending on the particular distortion measure and source) which measures, in a sense, the equivalent rateRof the source (in bits per letter produced) whendis the allowed distortion level. Methods will be given for evaluatingR(d) explicitly in certain simple cases and for evaluatingR(d) by a limiting process in more complex cases. The basic results are roughly that it is impossible to signal at a rate faster thanC/R(d) (source letters per second) over a memoryless channel of capacityC(bits per second) with a distortion measure less than or equal tod. On the other hand, by sufficiently long block codes it is possible to approach as closely as desired the rateC/R(d) with distortion leveld. Finally, some particular examples, using error probability per letter of message and other simple distortion measures, are worked out in detail.
Study of motion of spar-type floating wind turbines in waves with effect of gyro moment at inclination

Recently, a number of research groups have paid much attention to the study of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWTs). Similar to other offshore structures, the FOWTs are subjected to irregular waves and wind loads which cause a dynamic response in the structures. Under marine environmental conditions, they face many forces which prevent them from floating in the upright condition; they incline as a result of the winds, strong currents, typhoons, cyclones, storms etc. The motion of the FOWT might be changed by a change in gyroscopic effect which depends on the angular velocity and moment of inertia of the blade. Therefore, to investigate the effect of the gyro moment on the motion of the FOWT, two types of experiment were carried out in a water tank using a 1/360 scale model of a prototype FOWT. Firstly, the interaction between the rotary motion of the wind turbine blade and the dynamic motion of the SPAR-type FOWT was studied at small angles of inclination in regular waves. Secondly, the interaction between the change of rotational speed as well as moment of inertia of the blade and the motion of the FOWT was studied. In this paper, numerical calculations have been carried out using potential theory based on the 3D panel method. Finally, the experimental results are compared with the results of numerical simulation and findings are discussed. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/jname.v9i1. 10732 Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 9(2012) 67-79
Performance of estimating depth in projection based stereoscopic virtual display

Accurate distance estimation is essential for effective user interaction with objects appearing in the virtual space. Research has shown that the distance estimation in the virtual space is not as accurate as that in the real world. The inaccuracy phenomenon is almost exclusively documented for estimating objects appearing straight ahead of the eye. A collection of the accuracy data for targets located in different angles of view in the visual field may be useful in aiding the design of user‐virtual object interaction. This study collected the object to object distance estimation accuracy for targets displayed stereoscopically. There are five horizontal and two vertical viewing angles and three depths, resulting in a total of 30 locations in the virtual space. The distance estimation for any of the 30 object pairs were performed with or without the aid of spatial cues. Significant factors influencing the accuracy and time of distance estimation were identified. Implications of the finding were discussed with respect to the stereoscopic display environment.
Kurd Students' Future Education Orientation: Associations with Self-esteem, and Ethnic Identity

The aim of the present study is to investigate the relation between self- reverence, ethnic identity and future education orientation in Kurd students of Kurdistan University. 308 subjects (165 male and 143 female) among students of different faculties of Kurdistan University have been selected by multiple process sampling. For data collection, future orientation questionnaire of Seginer, Nurmi and Pool (1999), self-esteem measure of Rosenberg (1985) and multiple ethnic identity measure (MEIM) of Phinney (1992) had been used. The findings of study indicate that self-esteem have a positive meaningful relation with future education orientation and ethnic identity. Furthermore, there is a positive meaningful relation between ethnic identity and future education orientation. The variables of self-esteem and ethnic identity have been introduced to step-by-step regression analysis for determining their share in predicting future education orientation and the results obtained from step-by-step regression showed that it is just self-esteem which has the ability to predict future education orientation. (A. Ahmadi, S. Yousefi, S. M. Hoseinifard, S. Shamseddinilory, M. Shahryari, F. Torfi. Kurd Students' Future Education Orientation: Associations with Self-esteem, and Ethnic Identity. Life Sci J 20132; 10(2s):169-174) (ISSN: 1097-8135). U http://www.lifesciencesite. com U . 29
Reproductive Biology of Cero, Scomberomorus regalis, from the Coastal Waters of South Florida

Cero, Scomberomorus reg a/is, were collected off south Florida during 1980·81 to deter· mine their reproductive biology. Spawning of cero occurs in coastal waters throughout most of the year with a peak in May. Males attain maturity at about 350 mm FL and females at about 380 mm FL. Fecundity estimates from 20 late maturing or ripe females ranged from 161,000 ova for a 380 mm fish weighing 558 g to 2,234,000 ova for a 800 mm fish weighing 4,944 g. Total weight better indicated fecundity than did fork length. The relationship between fecundity and total weight was expressed by the least square equation F = -1.079 x 101 + (4.342 x 104) TW. The mean number of ova per gram of fish weight was 362. Cero, Scomberomorus rega/is, is probably the least abundant of the mackerel species occurring in United States waters and is primarily caught off south Florida. Jordan and Evermann (1896) give the range of cero as Cape Cod to Brazil including the Gulf of Mexico, but in Florida this species is generally not abundant north of Dade County. Cero is the most frequently encountered mackerel species. in the Bahamas (Bohlke and Chaplin, 1968). It is com· monly caught in the coastal waters of the West Indies (Collette, 1978), and supports a commercial fishery around Cuba (Howeii-Rivero, 1953), the Dominican Republic, Venezuela, and Jamaica (Cooper, 1982). Landing information is not available from American or Caribbean waters, since it is not separated from the landings of king mackerel, S. caval/a, and Spanish mackerel, S. maculatus. Biological information on cero is limited to general life history and distribution studies (Cervigon, 1966). We 'Contribution number 83·38PC. Southeast Fisheries Center, NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Panama City Laboratory, 3500 Delwood Beach Road, Panama City, Florida 32407-7499. 101 report spawning, size and age at ma· turity, and fecundity for the first time for cero from Florida waters.