Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RELIABILITY OF ANKLE-FOOT MORPHOLOGY, MOBILITY, STRENGTH, AND MOTOR PERFORMANCE MEASURES.

Background Assessment of foot posture, morphology, intersegmental mobility, strength and motor control of the ankle-foot complex are commonly used clinically, but measurement properties of many assessments are unclear. Purpose To determine test-retest and inter-rater reliability, standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable change of morphology, joint excursion and play, strength, and motor control of the ankle-foot complex. Design Reliability study. Methods 24 healthy, recreationally-active young adults without history of ankle-foot injury were assessed by two clinicians on two occasions, three to ten days apart. Measurement properties were assessed for foot morphology (foot posture index, total and truncated length, width, arch height), joint excursion (weight-bearing dorsiflexion, rearfoot and hallux goniometry, forefoot inclinometry, 1st metatarsal displacement) and joint play, strength (handheld dynamometry), and motor control rating during intrinsic foot muscle (IFM) exercises. Clinician order was randomized using a Latin Square. The clinicians performed independent examinations and did not confer on the findings for the duration of the study. Test-retest and inter-tester reliability and agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC2,k) and weighted kappa (Kw ). Results Test-retest reliability ICC were as follows: morphology: . 80-1.00, joint excursion: . 58-. 97, joint play: -. 67-. 84, strength: . 67-. 92, IFM motor rating: KW -. 01-. 71. Inter-rater reliability ICC were as follows: morphology: . 81-1.00, joint excursion: . 32-. 97, joint play: -1.06-1.00, strength: . 53-. 90, and IFM motor rating: Kw . 02-. 56. Conclusion Measures of ankle-foot posture, morphology, joint excursion, and strength demonstrated fair to excellent test-retest and inter-rater reliability. Test-retest reliability for rating of perceived difficulty and motor performance was good to excellent for short-foot, toe-spread-out, and hallux exercises and poor to fair for lesser toe extension. Joint play measures had poor to fair reliability overall. The findings of this study should be considered when choosing methods of clinical assessment and outcome measures in practice and research. Level of evidence 3.
A Preliminary Investigation of Metacognitive Therapy and Habit Reversal as a Treatment for Trichotillomania.

BACKGROUND Not all patients suffering from trichotillomania (TTM) recover completely using CBT and of those that do, only a few maintain their recovery over time. AIMS The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of metacognitive methods combined with habit reversal (MCT/HRT) in trichotillomania with a relatively long-term follow-up. METHOD A case series (n = 8) and a randomized wait-list controlled trial (n = 34) design were conducted in this study. In the case series, three of the eight patients dropped out of the study. Therefore, TTM-related symptoms were evaluated in five patients suffering from TTM before and after brief metacognitive plus habit reversal therapy during 1-month, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups. The treatment consisted of detached mindfulness (DM) techniques, ritual postponement and habit reversal training (HRT) in eight sessions. RESULTS All patients were responders at post-treatment in case series. After the 12-month follow-up, the results were associated with higher pre-treatment levels of self-esteem and global functioning and lower pre-treatment levels of depression and anxiety with nearly complete abstinence from hair pulling immediately after treatment. A randomized wait-list controlled trial with experimental (n = 17) and waiting list group (n = 17) was then conducted to confirm the case series results. There were significant differences between the two groups regarding changes in MGH-HPS, Y-BOCS-TM, RSES, GAF, BDI, BAI and self-monitoring. Therefore, the MCT/HRT treatment was found to be more effective than the waiting list group. CONCLUSIONS A combined treatment including metacognitive and habit reversal techniques is remarkably effective in patients with TTM.
A Slot Antenna Array With Low Mutual Coupling for Use on Small Mobile Terminals

In order to take full advantage of the benefits to be obtained by using MIMO techniques for mobile communications, it is necessary to use an antenna array which is both compact and also has low mutual coupling between ports. Generally these requirements are conflicting and to achieve them simultaneously is the subject of much research. In this paper a novel design for a two element cavity backed slot (CBS) array is described which has a measured mutual coupling of less than -15 dB despite an element spacing of only λ/6. This is achieved by adding a simple and easily manufactured meandering trombone structure to an existing CBS array which carries a portion of the input signal to the feed of the neighboring element. Measured and simulated results are presented for the behavior of the antenna and predictions are presented for the achievable channel capacity in several realistic scenarios.
Agricultural and nutritional information needs of arable crop farmers in Ondo State Nigeria

The study assessed arable crop farmers’ agricultural and nutritional information needs in Ondo State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used in selecting a total sample of 212 farmers for the study. Data were collected through the use of interview schedule. Frequency counts, percentages, mean and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze data. Findings showed that the mean age of the farmers was 52.2 years. The majority (84.0%) of the respondents were male, married with low level of education and farm size. The mean household size was 6 members. The sources of agricultural and nutritional information explored by the respondents are: extension agents, mobile phone, friends and neighbors as well as radio. The respondents indicated their agricultural and nutritional information needs as to include climate and weather forecast ( X = 1.88), location and availability of inputs ( X = 1.63), information on food safety and hygiene ( X = 1.61), information on markets where farm produce are exchanged for other farm produce ( X = 1.55) and disease control ( X = 1.50). The result of ANOVA revealed that there exists significant difference in agricultural and nutritional information needs of the respondents across the selected agricultural zones (F= 5.137, P≤ 0.05). Information dissemination and delivery to farmers should be targeted toward the identified information needs in order to enhance their capabilities for optimum agricultural production. Keywords: Information needs, agricultural and nutritional information, crop farmers, Nigeria
Actions and addiction liabilities of alpha-acetyl-methadols in man.

1. dl-, d- and l -Alpha-acetylmethadol possess addiction liability. 2. Single subcutaneous or intravenous doses of d -alpha-acetylmethadol in former morphine addicts promptly induced a train of morphine-like effects which disappeared in less than 24 hours. Oral administration of d -alpha-acetyl-methadol was less efficacious than subcutaneous or intravenous administration. 3. Definite morphine-like effects did not appear for four to six hours after subcutaneous or intravenous injections of l -alpha-acetylmethadol. Once developed, the effects of a single dose persisted for 24 to 72 hours. After oral administration of l -alpha-acetylmethadol, morphine-like effects were observed one hour after administration and persisted for 48 hours. 4. Due to the long length of action, cumulative toxic effects will appear if doses of l -alpha-acetylmethadol are not widely spaced in time.
High-Strength Chemical-Vapor–Deposited Graphene and Grain Boundaries

Graphene Staying Strong Although exfoliated graphene can be extremely strong, it is produced on too small a scale for materials application. Graphene can be produced on a more practical scale by chemical vapor deposition, but the presence of grain boundaries between crystallites apparently weakens the material. Lee et al. (p. 1073) show that postprocessing steps during the removal of the graphene sheets can oxidize the grain boundaries and weaken them. If these steps are avoided, the material is comparable in strength to exfoliated graphene. Unless subjected to chemical attack, the grain boundaries in chemical-vapor–deposited graphene do not weaken the material. Pristine graphene is the strongest material ever measured. However, large-area graphene films produced by means of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) are polycrystalline and thus contain grain boundaries that can potentially weaken the material. We combined structural characterization by means of transmission electron microscopy with nanoindentation in order to study the mechanical properties of CVD-graphene films with different grain sizes. We show that the elastic stiffness of CVD-graphene is identical to that of pristine graphene if postprocessing steps avoid damage or rippling. Its strength is only slightly reduced despite the existence of grain boundaries. Indentation tests directly on grain boundaries confirm that they are almost as strong as pristine. Graphene films consisting entirely of well-stitched grain boundaries can retain ultrahigh strength, which is critical for a large variety of applications, such as flexible electronics and strengthening components.
The Finno-Ugrian Suicide Hypothesis: Variation in European Suicide Rates by Latitude and Longitude

The marked variation regarding the suicide rate in 34 European countries is well described by regressing the national suicide rate on the capital cities' latitudes and on an interaction term of squared latitude multiplied with longitude. The interaction term explains 40.8% and 29.1% of men's and women's suicide rate, respectively, and latitude explains a further significant increment of 10.9% and 10.6% variance of men's and women's suicide rate, respectively. This regression model quantifies the Finno-Ugrian suicide hypothesis of Kondrichin and of Marušiš and Farmer. The European countries highest in suicide rate constitute a contiguous, J-shaped belt, spanning from Finland to Austria. This area maps onto the second principal component identified for European gene distribution, representing ancestral adaptation to cold climates and the Uralic language dispersion. Thus, population differences in genetic risk factors may account for the spatial pattern in European suicide rates.
Ultrafast MR imaging of water mobility: Animal models of altered cerebral perfusion

“Single shot” magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion imaging was used to study the details of signal decay curves in experimental perturbations of cerebral perfusion induced by hypercapnia or death. Despite large perfusion increases observed with dynamic susceptibility‐contrast MR imaging, no correlation with these changes was seen in either the diffusion coefficient or any other intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model parameters in dog gray matter as arterial carbon dioxide pressure increased. Non‐monoexponential signal decay in cat gray matter was seen both before and after death. In addition, cat gray matter demonstrated a steady decrease in the diffusion coefficient after death. These data are strong evidence that the fast component of the non‐monoexponential diffusion‐related signal decay is not due solely to perfusion. The authors believe that a second compartment of nonex‐changing spins, most likely cerebrospinal fluid, accounts for the non‐monoexponential decay.
A systematic review of evaluation in formal continuing medical education

Introduction: Physicians spend a considerable amount of time in Continuing Medical Education (CME) to maintain their medical licenses. CME evaluation studies vary greatly in evaluation methods, levels of evaluation, and length of follow‐up. Standards for CME evaluation are needed to enable comparison among different studies and to detect factors influencing CME evaluation. Methods: A review of the CME evaluation literature was conducted on primary research studies published from January 2000 to January 2006. Studies assessing only satisfaction with CME were excluded, as were studies where fewer than 50% of the participants were practicing physicians. Thirty‐two studies were included in the analyses. Determinations were made about evaluation methods, outcome measures, and follow‐up assessment. Results: Only 2 of 32 reviewed studies addressed all evaluation levels: physician changes in knowledge and attitudes (level 2), practices (level 3), and improved patient health status (level 4). None of the studies using self‐developed instruments (n = 10) provided reliability and validity information. Only 6 studies used validated scales. Twenty studies had a follow‐up period of 6 months or less, and 11 had a follow‐up period between 1 and 2 years. Discussion: A gold standard for evaluating the effectiveness of CME would include assessment of all 4 levels of evaluation. A valid, reliable, and adaptable CME evaluation questionnaire addressing variables in the second level is needed to allow comparison of effectiveness across CME interventions. A minimum 1‐year postintervention follow‐up period may also be indicated to investigate the sustainability of intervention outcomes.
Effects of various acids on the buccal surface of human permanent teeth: a study using scanning electron microscopy.

Contradictory evidence xists as to the acid necessary for producing optimum enamel etching on buccal tooth surfaces. The aims of this study were to (1) compare the etching abilities of four different acids; (2) identify the acid concentrations required for optimum etching; and (3) determine the concentration stability of phosphoric acid solutions. Crowns of caries-free molar teeth were pumiced, sectioned mesiodistally, washed, and dried. Study groups of 10 specimens were etched with either phosphoric, lactic, citric, or pyruvic acid prepared in concentrations from 5 to 70%. Etching was performed for 1, 11/2, or 5 minutes. Specimens were prepared and examined with scanning electron microscopy. To simulate clinical conditions, the final part of the experiment exposed 37% HAP04 to room air for various time periods. Stability of the acid concentration was determined. Phosphoric acid produced the most desirable etching effects when applied for either 60 or 90 seconds. Investigations of different concentrations of phosphoric acid suggested that a superior etching result is obtained within the range of 30 to 40%. Titration experiments revealed that 37% phosphoric acid was reasonably stable under normal clinical conditions. Introduction Using 85% phosphoric acid, Buonoeore1 demonstrated that treating enamel surfaces with acid enhanced adhesion of resins to tooth surfaces. The adhe sion was improved by etching the enamel surface with the acid. However, as various resin materials were introduced to the commercial market, other acids were suggested as etchants.2-4 This has led to controversy as to the type of acid necessary for producing optimum enamel etching on buccal tooth surfaces. Therefore, the initial aim of this investigation was to compare the etching abilities of four different acids on human buc* This study was supported by the Ontario Ministry of Health
The effect of non-standard employment on work-family balance

Across the last four decades, the structure of the Australian labour market has changed profoundly as non-standard forms of employment have become more prevalent. According to many researchers, the growth of non-standard work has been driven by employee preferences, particularly among married women, for greater flexibility to balance paid work with domestic responsibilities and other non-work related pursuits. In contrast, other researchers argue that the increasing prevalence of non-standard employment reflects employer demands for greater staffing flexibility. From this perspective, non-standard forms of employment are considered to have a negative effect on work-family balance. This paper explores whether non-standard employment is associated with improved or poorer work-to-family conflict and tests whether experiences vary by gender. It concentrates on three common forms of non-standard employment: part-time employment, casual and fixed-term work contracts and flexible scheduling practices (such as evening work, weekend work and irregular rostering). Analysis is based on 2299 employed parents from the first wave of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics on Australia (HILDA) project. Results show that few scheduling measures are significant determinants of work-family balance. However, part-time employment is associated with reduced work-to-family strain for both men and women, even after controlling for various other employment and household related characteristics. Casual employment, in contrast, incurs the cost of poorer work-family balance for men. Surprisingly, HILDA data show that overall men experience greater work-to-family strain than women.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE USE AND NON-USE OF CRASH HELMET BY TERTIARY EDUCATION STUDENTS IN THE WA MUNICIPALITY, GHANA

The motorcycle has become a preferable means of transport in Ghana due to its cost effectiveness and convenience. Apparently, motorcycle use involves a number of risks such as head injuries and deaths due to non-use or improper use of crash helmets. Against this background, an explorative case study design was conducted with the objective of ascertaining the factors that influence the use and non-use of helmets among student motorcyclists. Quota sampling technique was used in selecting 90 student motorcyclists from the University for Development Studies- Wa Campus, Wa Polytechnic and University of Education, Winneba-Wa Center. In addition, 11 key informants were purposely selected. Primary data was gathered through interviews. The study found that; traveling distance, discomfort and the type of ‘hair- do’ were some of the major factors accounting for the non- use of helmets. The study also revealed that protection of the head against danger and the eyes against foreign materials are the main motivating factors for the use of crash helmets. This study recommends that the Police Motor Traffic and Transport Department, the National Road Safety Commission, the Management and Student Leadership of Tertiary Institutions, the Health Ministry, the Media and Drivers and Vehicle License Authority should develop holistic education and enforcement measures to prevent the non-use of crash helmets among student motorcyclists. Keywords: Crash Helmet, Tertiary Students, Motorcycle, Wa, Ghana
APPLYING MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES FOR PERSONNEL RECRUITING –AN ANALYSIS OF USER-SIDED ACCEPTANCE FACTORS

The growing use of the mobile web and other mobile information technologies has opened up new opportunities for organizational communication. The implementation of the mobile channel in the personnel marketing mix offers interesting perspectives but is not yet widely applied. Similarly, knowledge about realization opportunities and empirical evidence on user acceptance is missing so far. In order to provide some informative background and theoretical foundation, this study will demonstrate the opportunities of applying mobile technologies for personnel recruiting. First, we will describe the concept of mobile recruiting and the underlying mobile technologies and services. Afterwards, we will investigate the user-sided acceptance of such offerings. For this purpose, we propose a technology acceptance model adjusted to the context of mobile services for personnel recruiting. The compiled model will be empirically tested and findings will be discussed concerning further research and practical implementation
DEATH ANXIETY AND ATTITUDES TOWARDTHE ELDERLY AMONG OLDER ADULTS: THE ROLE OF GENDER AND ETHNICITY

The article investigated the relationship between death anxiety, attitudes toward older adults, and personal anxiety toward one's own aging in a group of 197 older men and women. As predicted, negative attitudes toward other older adults were predicted by personal anxieties about aging and death, and, more specifically, fear of the unknown. In addition, several distinctive anxieties were noted for particular subgroups of respondents. Older women scored higher on the Fear of the Dead subscale of the Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale (MFODS) than did men. Caucasian participants displayed higher Fear of the Dying Process than did older African American participants. Lastly, older African American participants reported higher levels of death anxiety on 3 of the subscales of the Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale (Fear of the Unknown, Fear of Conscious Death, and Fear for the Body after Death) when compared with older Caucasian participants and also tended to accord less social value to the elderly. These findings are interpreted in terms of patterns of socialization, and their implications for end-of-life care preferences are noted.
Reviews: Residual Renal Function: Considerations on Its Importance and Preservation in Dialysis Patients

Residual renal function (RRF) remains important even after commencement of dialysis. Its role in the adequacy of peritoneal dialysis (PD) is well recognized and is increasingly utilized in incremental PD regimes, but it is also vitally important in hemodialysis (HD) patients, in whom it, as in PD patients, may improve survival. It may allow for a reduction in the duration of HD sessions. It reduces the need for dietary and fluid restrictions in both PD and HD patients. Other contributions include improved middle molecule clearance, better hemoglobin, phosphate, potassium, and urate levels, enhanced nutritional status and quality of life scores, and better outcomes in pregnancy. On the negative side, hypoalbuminemia may be prolonged in patients with persistent nephrotic‐range proteinuria. Contrary to popular belief, RRF does not necessarily decline rapidly with the initiation of HD. PD may be better than HD in preserving RRF, although this difference may not persist if biocompatible membranes, bicarbonate buffer, and ultrapure water are used. Nocturnal ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (APD) patients may fare worse than continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. RRF can be adversely affected by angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aminoglycosides, and radiocontrast agents. Diuretics can help maintain fluid balance but not RRF.
Aplikasi theory of planned behavior (TPB) dalam intensi pembelian apartemen di wilayah Jakarta dengan domisili sebagai variabel moderating

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of Theory of Planned Behavior with variables taken attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behaviour toward purchase intension of apartment in Jakarta territory, adn using domicile as a moderating variable. The respondents are Manager up level who work in Jakarta and have the income not less than twenty million rupiah per month. Based on 119 questionners collected, the results shows that there is positif significant influence between attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behaviour toward purchase intension of apartment in Jakarta territory. Domicile was not found to have moderating effect on the relationship between all independent variables and the purchase intension ofa apartment in Jakarta territory. This study contributes to and extends our understanding of the apartment purchasing behavior, identifying the rationales for purchasing of apartement in Jakarta territory.
On the Power Spectral Density of Chaotic Signals Generated by Skew Tent Maps

This paper investigates the characteristics of the Power Spectral Density (PSD) of chaotic orbits generated by skew tent maps. The influence of the Lyapunov exponent on the autocorrelation sequence and on the PSD is evaluated via computational simulations. We conclude that the essential bandwidth of these chaotic signals is strongly related to this exponent and they can be low-pass or high-pass depending on the parameter of the family. These results withstand the usual thought that chaotic signals are always broadband and provide a simple way of generating chaotic sequences with arbitrary bandwidth.