Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of histopathology, PCR and in situ hybridization methods to detect the parasite Mikrocytos sp. in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas from the northern coast of the Yellow Sea, China

Mikrocytos mackini is the etiological agent of Denman Island disease, which causes significant mortalities in commercially important bivalve species, including the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas . A close relative of M. mackini , Mikrocytos sp. , was recently detected in oysters imported into France from Canada. In this study, we examined Pacific oysters from the northern coast of the Yellow Sea, China. Of the one hundred samples examined histologically, a microcell parasite was found in the tissues of four oysters. To identify whether the parasite was Mikrocytos sp. , DNA was extracted from the oysters and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications were performed with primers (Mikrocytos-F and Mikrocytos-R), which yielded the expected 522 bp fragment. DNA sequencing of these products confirmed that they were identical to the corresponding 18S region of Mikrocytos sp. (100%) and had close similarity to M. mackini (89%). In situ hybridization (ISH) also was performed in this study, and the primer pair MM-like (CCTGTCCTATGTCGGGCAGG) hybridized with the Pacific oyster parasite. This is the first report of Mikrocytos sp. in the Pacific oyster from the coast of China. Although this study suggests a low prevalence of the parasite in China, its potential threat to aquaculture should be considered.
Microsatellite variation in Australian and Indonesian pearl oyster Pinctada maxima populations

Eight microsatellite markers were used to screen over 1700 individual pearl oysters Pinctada maxima from 5 Western Australian (Lacepedes, 80 Mile Beach Shallow, 80 Mile Beach Deep, Port Hedland and Exmouth Gulf), 1 northern Australian (Darwin) and 2 Indonesian (Madura and Sumbawa) populations. There was a strong and highly significant relationship between the amount of genetic divergence between pairs of populations and their degree of geographical separation. Within Australia, there was some indication for genetic differences between Exmouth Gulf and the other Western Australian populations and also between Darwin and the Western Australian populations. The Indonesian populations were significantly different from all Australian populations, suggesting little or no direct recruitment to Western Australia from Indonesian sources. Comparison of 2 year-classes of spat (0+ and 1+) in some Australian populations showed no evidence of differences among Western Australian sites. Comparison of the same recruitment class at 2 different ages (0+ spat in 1998 and 1+ spat in 1999) provided no evidence for selection at the screened, or closely linked, loci. With the possible exception of Exmouth Gulf, Western Australian populations can be considered 1 stock with a large effective population size (no <300 and more likely several 1000s).
Mantle wedge hydration in Nicaragua from local earthquake tomography

The continental margin of Nicaragua and Costa Rica is characterized by significant lateral changes from north to south such as a decreasing dip of the slab, a decreasing magma production and a shift in the volcanic front. To investigate this transition, a joint on- and offshore local earthquake tomography was performed. Low P-wave velocities and high Vp/Vs ratios, indicative for hydration, were found in the upper-mantle and lowermost crust beneath the Sandino Basin. The mantle wedge hydration can be estimated to 2.5 wt. per cent beneath south Nicaragua. In contrast, the mantle wedge beneath north Costa Rica is weakly or not hydrated. The hydration leads to a local gap in the seismicity in Nicaragua. The lateral transition between the hydrated and non-hydrated areas occurs within a distance of about 10 km. This transition coincides with a change in the crustal thickness in the order of 5–10 km, thickening to the south, and in the tectonic regimes. The change in the tectonic regimes towards a stronger extension along the margin of Nicaragua could be the key for understanding the observations: the extension may support the opening of pathways for a wide zone of fluid migration and hydration through the overriding plate which are identified with areas of low Vp, high Vp/Vs and low seismicity.
Effects of Ultrasound on Mass Transfer within the Boundary Layer during Wood Vacuum Drying

Ultrasound was applied to enhance mass transfer within the boundary layer during wood vacuum drying. Fast growing poplar (Populus tomentosa) was used as the specimen in this work. The water migration rates and the mass transfer coefficients were studied at temperatures of 35 and 50 °C, absolute pressures of 0.03, 0.06, and 0.1 MPa, and ultrasound power-frequency groups of 60 W-28 kHz, 100 W-28 kHz, and 100 W-20 kHz, respectively. The results indicated that ultrasound could markedly increase the water migration rates within the boundary layer. The water migration rates increased with increasing ultrasound power and frequency. The mass transfer coefficients within the boundary layer for specimens treated with ultrasound were much higher than those of the control group, and the mass transfer coefficients increased with decreasing absolute pressure. Ultrasound could be applied in the wood drying industry as a means of saving time and energy.
Pathway to Political Participation

News media play a key role in informing young citizens about politics and cultivating a sense of political efficacy. Online news media, in particular, are expected to have a positive impact due to their interactivity and new opportunities to share and discuss information. This study analyzes the impact of online and offline news media use on the growth in internal efficacy among adolescents, based on data we collected in a three-wave panel survey in the Netherlands (N = 729). Additionally, we test the impact of internal efficacy on turnout using a fourth wave of the same sample (N = 612). The results show that while newspaper reading has the strongest effects among traditional news sources, actively participating in the communication process of political information online has the strongest impact on internal efficacy. Internal efficacy in turn is found to be a significant predictor of first-time voters. The article concludes with a discussion of media use as a pathway to political participation through internal political efficacy.
A Summary of N and K Research with Strawberry in Florida 1

The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. For more information on obtaining other UF/IFAS Extension publications, contact your county’s UF/IFAS Extension office.
Development and Validation of a Time-Lag Correction for Vaisala Radiosonde Humidity Measurements

This study presents a method of improving the accuracy of relative humidity (RH) measurements from Vaisala RS80 and RS90 radiosondes by applying sensor-based corrections for well-understood sources of measurement error. Laboratory measurements of the sensor time constant as a function of temperature are used to develop a correction for a time-lag error that results from slow sensor response at low temperatures. The time-lag correction is a numerical inversion algorithm that calculates the ambient (‘‘true’’) humidity profile from the measured humidity and temperature profiles, based on the sensor time constant. Existing corrections for two sources of dry bias error in RS80 humidity measurements are also included in the correction procedure: inaccuracy in the sensor calibration at low temperatures, and chemical contamination of sensors manufactured before June 2000 by nonwater molecules from the radiosonde packaging material. The correction procedure was evaluated by comparing corrected RS80-H measurements with simultaneous measurements from the reference-quality NOAA/Climate Modeling and Diagnostics Laboratory balloon-borne cryogenic hygrometer. The time-lag correction is shown to recover vertical structure in the humidity profile that had been ‘‘smoothed’’ by the slow sensor response, especially in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, revealing a much sharper troposphere‐stratosphere transition than is apparent in the original measurements. The corrections reduced the mean dry bias in the radiosonde measurements relative to the hygrometer from 4% RH at 2208C and 10% RH at 2708C to about 62% RH at all temperatures, and the variability at low temperatures is substantially reduced. A shortcoming of the existing contamination correction is also uncovered, and a modification is suggested. The impact of the corrections on several radiosonde datasets is shown.
The Protective Effect of Vitamin D on Cerebral Infarction in Rats Received High Fructose Diet

Background and aim: The relationship between insulin resistance (IR), hypovitamine D and cerebral infarction and its exact mechanism are not fully understood. However, oxidative stress and proinflammatory mediators may be involved. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of vitamin D on cerebral infarction, insulin resistance and inflammatory mediators in rats received high-fructose-diet. Material and methods: Eight four adult albino rats were divided randomly into 3 groups, normal control group, diabetic group rats received high fructose diet for 2 months without no treatment, diabetic rats received alphacalcidol (10μg//kg/day, orally), which was continued daily throughout the experiment, After 2 months, fasting blood glucose level and insulin, IR was evaluated by the homeostasis model assessment method (HOMA-IR). Some cerebrovascular risk markers as lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL-C and triglycerides), as well as inflammatory biomarker interleukin-6 and cerebral infarction size were measured. Results: Rats had high fructose diet showed low 1, 25 (OH)2 D, with a significant (p <0.05) increase in fasting blood glucose level and higher HOMA-IR index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride and IL-6 as compared to control group. There were significant correlations between 1, 25 (OH)2 D levels and HOMA-IR index (r=-0.47; p <0.01), 1, 25 (OH)2 D, total cholesterol (r=-0.34; p <0.01); HDL-C (r=0.54; p <0.01), LDL-C(R=-0.34; P <0.01), IL-6 (r=0.33; p <0.05). A two month oral alphacalcidol (10 ug/kg/day, orally) treatment markedly decreased HOMA-IR index (p <0.001), LDL, triglycereides and IL-6 and significantly reduced total cholesterol and cerebral infarction size. Eman M.A. Abdelghany, Amany N. Ibrahim. The Protective Effect of Vitamin D on Cerebral Infarction in Rats Received High Fructose Diet. IAIM, 2015; 2(11): 6-14. Page 7 Conclusions: Our data showed that, low 1, 25(OH)2 D3 values are related to IR and associated with chronic inflammatory state and dyslipidemia, all of them can increase cerebrovascular risk. Vitamin D analogue significantly ameliorated the deleterious biochemical impact of diabetes mellitus protects against cerebral injury by its anti-inflammatory and decreasing insulin resistance in diabetic rats.
Morphological Variation and AGAMOUS-like Gene Expression in Double Flowers of Cyclamen persicum Mill.

Several kinds of double-flowered cultivars have been produced from spontaneous mutants in Cyclamen persicum Mill. The morphology and number of organs in double flowers were investigated, and were categorized into three types: “petaloid-stamen type”, “petaloid-sepal type”, and “extra petals in whorl 2 type”. Morphological observations showed that petaloid mutations of stamen and sepal did not appear together within an individual. In addition, three types of AG-like gene were isolated from single and petaloid-stamentype double-flower buds, and expressions in each whorl were compared. All AG-like genes were expressed in whorl 3 of single flowers, but not in that of petaloid-stamen-type double flowers. In whorl 4, although expressions of the three types of AG-like gene were observed in both single and double flowers, the expression of double flowers was lower than that of single flowers. These results suggest that naturally occurring double flowers of cyclamen can be explained by the ABC-model, and it is suspected that petaloidy of the stamen is caused by the repression of AG-like gene expression in whorl 3.
The Relationship Between Trade and Economic Growth in Iran: An Application of a New Cointegration Technique in the Presence of Structural Breaks

This paper examines the major determinants of GDP growth in Iran using annual time series data spanning from 1960 to 2003. The Iranian economy has been subject to a multitude of structural changes and regime shifts during the sample period. Thus, time series properties of the data are first analysed by Zivot-Andrews (1992) model. The empirical results based on this model indicate that there is not enough evidence against the null hypothesis of unit roots for all of the variables under investigation. Taking into account the resulting endogenously determined structural breaks; the Saikkonen and Luetkephol (2000) cointegration approach is then employed to determine the long-run drivers of economic growth. This cointegration technique accommodates potential structural breaks that could undermine the existence of a long-run relationship between GDP growth and its main determinants. Empirical estimates indicate that in the long-term, policies aimed at promoting various types of physical investment, human capital, trade openness and technological innovations will improve economic growth.
Effect of Different Natural Feed Additives Compared to Antibiotic on Lipid Profile of Broiler Chicks Under High Temperature

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of two different medicinal plants, cumin (Cuminumcyminum), fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum) as natural feed additives with antibiotic (Doxystin)on the serum lipid profile of broiler chicks. One hundred and sixty, (one day-old) broiler chicks were randomly divided into six groups of similar mean weight, each with four replicates of ten chicks. The control group received broilers basal diet. For the other groups, the basal diet was supplemented with one of the following: the antibiotic (Doxystin) as 0.5% or one of the spices, C. cyminum, T. foenum-graecum as 2%. Serum lipid profile in the broiler chicks was affected as follows, total cholesterol concentration was significantly (P<0.05) decreased in all groups received spices diet compared to doxystin and control groups. Also there was significant (P<0.05) decrease in the serum LDL-C concentration of T.foenum-graecum treated groupcompared to doxystin and control groups. Also the HDL-C concentration showed significant (P<0.05) decrease in all experimental groups compared to the control group. Spices treatments resulted in significant decrease of the total cholesterol and the LDL-C fraction similar to antibiotic treated animals. This experiment concluded that C. cyminum, T. foenumgraecum could be used as promising hypocholesterolemicagents that can improve meat quality.
The Effects of Surface Kinetics on Crystal Growth and Homogeneous Freezing in Parcel Simulations of Cirrus

AbstractThe uptake of water vapor excess by ice crystals is a key process regulating the supersaturation in cold clouds. Both the ice crystal number concentration and depositional growth rate control the vapor uptake rate and are sensitive to the deposition coefficient . The deposition coefficient depends on temperature and supersaturation; however, cloud models either ignore or assume a constant . In this study, the effects of on crystal growth and homogeneous freezing of haze solution drops in simulated cirrus are examined. A Lagrangian parcel model is used with a new ice growth model that predicts the deposition coefficients along two crystal growth axes. Parcel model results indicate that predicting can be critical for predicting ice nucleation and supersaturation at different stages of cloud development. At cloud base, model results show that surface kinetics constrain the homogeneous freezing rate primarily through the growth impact of small particle sizes in comparison to the mean free path. The dep.
Prophylaxis against Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgeries with Gabapentin alone and Gabapentin-Dexamethasone and their Comparison with Ondansetron

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is frequently encountered after laparoscopic abdominal surgeries done under general anaesthesia. The available prophylactic agents against PONV have various side effects and have no analgesic property. Therefore we aimed to study the antiemetic effect of Gabapentin and its combination with Dexamethasone against Ondansetron. 120 patients were randomly divided into three groups . Group A received Gabapentin orally, Group B received i.v. dexamethasone in addition to oral Gabapentin and Group C received Ondansetroni.v. as control. Incidence of nausea and vomiting, requirement of rescue antiemetic and analgesic were noted in the first 24 hours of postoperative period. Group B and C had less incidence of PONV than group A. There was less requirement of additional analgesic requirement in Group A and B than in Group C. So combination of Gabapentin and Dexamethasone can be an effective and safe alternative of Ondansetron for the management of PONV.
Lipid derangement and cardiovascular risk in female patients with major depressive disorder

Lipid disorder is well recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The association of lipid derangement with depressive disorder has been a recent focus of research specially in female. The objective of this study was to investigate the serum lipids in female major depressive disorder patients(MDD). This case con trol study was done in the department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka during 2014. This study included 60 female MDD patients, diagnosed by psychiatrist according to the criteria of diagnostic and statistical manual (DSM IV) and 30 healthy females as control. Fasting blood glucose and Triglyceride (TG) Total cholesterol(TC) and High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) was estimated by commercial diagnostic kit and auto analyser. Low density lipoprotein (LDL), TC/HDL and LDL/HDL was determined by calculation. For statistical analysis, independent sample t test and chi-square test was applied. Odds ratio and confidence interval for atherogenic risk was calculated by SPSS 16 version. Serum level of TG(P<0.001), TC, (P<0.01) HDL(P<0.05), LDL(P<0.05), TC/HDL(P<0.05) and fasting glucose (P<0.001)was significantly higher in MDD compared to control. Elevated fasting glucose, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, elevated LDL were noted in, 45%, 27%, 20% and 6.7% patients respectively. Elevated level of TC/HDL was found in 34% depressed patients which was significantly higher in MDD. The odds ratio for atherogenic risk I ((increased HDL/LDL) and risk II (LDL/HDL) showed significant association (P<0.05) with MDD patients. This study concluded that lipid and lipoprotein abnormality along with some component of metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in female MDD patients which identify them as high risk group for CHD or CVD.
Histological Pattern of Thyroid Malignancies in Tertiary Hospital

Introduction: Thyroid cancers are the most common among endocrine malignancies with geographical variation in incidence and histopathological pattern related to age,sex,dietary and environmental factors. The majority of thyroid tumors comprise well differentiated (papillary and follicular) thyroid carcinoma (85%) and Medullary carcinoma of thyroid represents (5%). A minority of cases progress to poorly differentiated carcinoma (PDTC) and ultimately to the highly aggressive undifferentiated carcinoma (UTC) or anaplastic carcinoma. PDTC constitutes 1% to 15% of all thyroid malignancies. ATC represents 1–2% of thyroid cancers. Aim: To describe histopathological pattern of thyroid malignancies at a tertiary hospital over a period of 6-years. Methods: Retrospective study of all thyroid malignancy cases diagnosed among the thyroidectomy patients at endocrine surgery department of a tertiary medical centre in South India from august 2011 to July 2017. The data collected included demographics, clinical presentation, histopathology, treatment, and outcomes. Results: 386 Thyroid carcinomas were diagnosed over a period of 6 years. Out of 386 thyroid malignancies 354 were differentiated thyroid carcinomas (92%) and 7 cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma (2%), 25 cases of poorly differentiated and anaplastic carcinoma were diagnosed which comprises of about (6%).
Sensitivity of hypoxia predictions for the northern Gulf of Mexico to sediment oxygen consumption and model nesting

[1] Every summer, a large area (15,000 km2 on average) over the Texas–Louisiana shelf in the northern Gulf of Mexico turns hypoxic due to decay of organic matter that is primarily derived from nutrient inputs from the Mississippi/Atchafalaya River System. Interannual variability in the size of the hypoxic zone is large. The 2008 Action Plan put forth by the Mississippi River/Gulf of Mexico Watershed Nutrient Task Force, an alliance of multiple state and federal agencies and tribes, calls for a reduction of the size of the hypoxic zone through nutrient management in the watershed. Comprehensive models help build mechanistic understanding of the processes underlying hypoxia formation and variability and are thus indispensable tools for devising efficient nutrient reduction strategies and for building reasonable expectations as to what responses can be expected for a given nutrient reduction. Here we present such a model, evaluate its hypoxia simulations against monitoring observations, and assess the sensitivity of the hypoxia simulations to model resolution, variations in sediment oxygen consumption, and choice of physical horizontal boundary conditions. We find that hypoxia simulations on the shelf are very sensitive to the parameterization of sediment oxygen consumption, a result of the fact that hypoxic conditions are restricted to a relatively thin layer above the bottom over most of the shelf. We show that the strength of vertical stratification is an important predictor of dissolved oxygen concentration in bottom waters and that modification of physical horizontal boundary conditions can have a large effect on hypoxia simulations because it can affect stratification strength.
Banking and Currency Crises: Differential Diagnostics for Developed Countries

We identify a set of "rules of thumb" that characterise economic, financial and structural conditions preceding the onset of banking and currency crises in 36 advanced economies over 1970â€“2010. We use the Classification and Regression Tree methodology (CART) and its Random Forest (RF) extension, which permits the detection of key variables driving binary crisis outcomes, allows for interactions among key variables and determines critical tipping points. We distinguish between basic country conditions, country structural characteristics and international developments. We find that crises are more varied than they are similar. For banking crises we find that low net interest rate spreads in the banking sector and a shallow or inverted yield curve are their most important forerunners in the short term, whereas in the longer term it is high house price inflation. For currency crises, high domestic short-term rates coupled with overvalued exchange rates are the most powerful short-term predictors. We find that both country structural characteristics and international developments are relevant banking crisis predictors. Currency crises, however, seem to be driven more by country idiosyncratic, short-term developments. We find that some variables, such as the domestic credit gap, provide important unconditional signals, but it is difficult to use them as conditional signals and, more importantly, to find relevant threshold values.