Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA THESIS OR DISSERTATION FORMATTING TEMPLATE

of Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science DOES AN ALTERED INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE HAVE A ROLE IN DELAYED MASSETER MUSCLE REPAIR? By Allison C. Harris May 2010 Chair: Charles G. Widmer Major: Dental Sciences Background Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a prevalent orofacial pain condition and consist predominately of muscle pain that can have a profound negative impact on those affected. Parafunctional habits, a behavior that is commonly associated with TMD, may cause muscle pain and this pain may be due to exercise induced muscle damage in the masticatory muscles. Inflammation plays a crucial role in promoting tissue repair following injury, but a balance between inflammatory cell populations and the inflammatory mediators released is required for the normal healing process to occur. The differences in the healing process observed between masseter and tibialis anterior muscles could be the result of a varied inflammatory process within masseter. Mast cells appear to play a major role in this variation, causing delayed healing and increasing fibrotic tissue through the release of various mediators. Purpose – (1) To quantify the differences in inflammatory mediators present in the masseter muscle and the tibialis anterior muscle following standardized muscle freeze injury over the first seven days of healing; and (2) To determine whether healing is improved in the masseter muscle with daily injections of a mast cell-stabilizer following muscle injury. Methods Fifty-two female CD-1 mice, 6 weeks of age, were allocated to the following
A SERENDIPITOUS ALL SKY SURVEY FOR BRIGHT OBJECTS IN THE OUTER SOLAR SYSTEM

We use seven yearʼs worth of observations from the Catalina Sky Survey and the Siding Spring Survey covering most of the northern and southern hemisphere at galactic latitudes higher than 20° to search for serendipitously imaged moving objects in the outer solar system. These slowly moving objects would appear as stationary transients in these fast cadence asteroids surveys, so we develop methods to discover objects in the outer solar system using individual observations spaced by months, rather than spaced by hours, as is typically done. While we independently discover eight known bright objects in the outer solar system, the faintest having V = 19.8 ± 0.1 , ? > no new objects are discovered. We find that the survey is nearly 100% efficient at detecting objects beyond 25 AU for V ≲ 19.1 ? > ( V ≲ 18.6 ? > in the southern hemisphere) and that the probability that there is one or more remaining outer solar system object of this brightness left to be discovered in the unsurveyed regions of the galactic plane is approximately 32%.
Tobacco Smoking Inhibits Expression of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Activation of IL-1R-Associated Kinase, p38, and NF-κB in Alveolar Macrophages Stimulated with TLR2 and TLR4 Agonists1

Tobacco smoking has been associated with impaired pulmonary functions and increased incidence of infections; however, mechanisms that underlie these phenomena are poorly understood. In this study, we examined whether smokers’ alveolar macrophages (AM) exhibit impaired sensing of bacterial components via TLR2 and TLR4 and determined the effect of smoking on expression levels of TLR2, TLR4 and coreceptors, and activation of signaling intermediates. Smokers’ AMs exhibited reduced gene expression and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and chemokines (RANTES and IL-8) upon stimulation with TLR2 and TLR4 agonists, S-[2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-(2-RS)-propyl]-N-palmitoyl-(R)-Cys-(S)-Ser-Lys4-OH trihydrochloride (Pam3Cys), and LPS, whereas expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and IL-1 receptor antagonist) was not affected. TLR3 activation with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid led to comparable or even higher cytokine responses in smokers’ AMs, indicating that smoking-induced suppression does not affect all TLRs. Comparable expression of cytokines and chemokines was detected in PBMC and purified monocytes obtained from smokers and nonsmokers, demonstrating that the suppressive effect of smoking is restricted to the lung. TLR2/4-inducible IL-1R-associated kinase-1 (IRAK-1) and p38 phosphorylation and NF-κB activation was suppressed in smokers’ AMs, whereas TLR2, TLR4, CD14, MD-2 mRNA levels, and TLR4 protein expression were not altered. These data suggest that changes in expression and/or activities of signaling intermediates at the postreceptor level account for smoking-induced immunosuppression. Thus, exposure of AMs to tobacco smoke induces a hyporesponsive state similar to endotoxin tolerance as manifested by inhibited TLR2/4-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and impaired activation of IRAK-1, p38, and NF-κB, resulting in suppressed expression of proinflammatory mediators.
Ritual in Some Early Bronze Age Gravegoods

This systematic study of selected ‘Wessex’ Early Bronze Age burial assemblages was undertaken to reassess the original purpose of the artefacts deposited and their significance in the burial ritual. Use-wear analysis and fragmentation assessment has been undertaken on daggers, whetstones, bone objects and beads. Lithological and physical analysis was also undertaken on the stone objects. The results show a remarkable disparity in use and fragmentation between certain artefact types. Some objects and groups might be seen as symbolic depositions placed by mourners, or as parts of ceremonial costume, rather than as possessions of the deceased.
Phosphate-Mediated Alteration of the Microsporum gypseum Germination Protease Specificity for Substrate: Enhanced Keratinase Activity

Inorganic phosphate was found to decrease the caseinolytic and ethyl-esterase activities of the Microsporum gypseum germination protease. The germination protease possessed exokeratinase (beta-keratinase) activity immediately after release from the fungal spore. After phosphate treatment of the enzyme, the germination protease also possessed endo-keratinase (alpha-keratinase) activity. Phosphate altered the protease's pH optimum from 9.0 to 7.0 and decreased the molecular weight from 33,000 to 16,000. These values were identical to those found for the keratinase. Alpha- and beta-keratinase activities were stimulated in excess of 200-fold by disulfide reducing agents. Natural and suspected keratin degradation products also enhanced keratinase activity. Cell fractionation and in vitro conversion of the alkaline germination protease into a functional keratinase suggested that the subunits comprising the germination protease and the keratinase were of a common origin.
Clinical implications of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase expression in patients with pancreatic cancer who undergo curative resection with S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy

The predictive roles of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) in patients who undergo curative resection and adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1, which is the oral 5-fluorouracil prodrug tegafur combined with oteracil and gimeracil, remain unclear. In the present study, the clinical data from 66 consecutive patients who underwent curative resection and received adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 for the treatment of pancreatic cancer at Kanagawa Cancer Center (Yokohama City, Japan) from April 2005 to March 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The association between the DPD status and the survival and clinicopathological features were investigated. Of the 66 patients, 34 patients exhibited positive DPD expression (51.5%). Although a significant increase in DPD expression in male patients was observed, no significant differences were identified for other clinicopathological parameters, including tumor factor or node factor, between the DPD-positive expression group and the DPD-negative expression group. The median follow-up period of the present study was 29.2 months. There was no significant difference in the 3-year overall survival (OS) rates following surgery, which were 12.6 and 14.5% in the DPD-positive and DPD-negative expression groups, respectively (P=0.352). However, in a subgroup analysis, a significant difference in the 3-year OS rates following surgery was noted, which were 58.9 and 14.5% in the DPD-high and DPD-low expression groups, respectively (P=0.019). The intratumoral DPD expression in curatively resected pancreatic cancer patients treated with S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy was identified to not be useful as a predictive marker, whereas the level of DPD expression is a potential predictive marker. The results of the present study require confirmation in another cohort or in a prospective multicenter study.
Populating the Pots: The Demography of the Early Anglo-Saxon Cemeteries at Elsham and Cleatham, North Lincolnshire

Our demographic knowledge of early Anglo-Saxon cemetery populations is highly valuable. This paper will present new demographic data from the Elsham and Cleatham cemeteries, both located in North Lincolnshire. These population structures will be compared with those recorded from contemporary cemeteries, including Sancton and Spong Hill. The observations made in this paper illustrate that the demographic profiles of cremation practicing groups are largely similar in nature. Two intriguing trends are verified by the Elsham and Cleatham assemblages, both of which include the under-representation of infants and males. This enlarged body of osteological data highlights that large amounts of information can be extracted from burned skeletal remains and can enhance our understanding of the demographic structure of cremation practicing groups in early Anglo-Saxon England.
- 101-ADVANCES IN DIAGNOSTIC METHODS AND TYPING OF RABIES VIRUS

Significant advances in the techniques available for rabies diagnosis have taken place over the past thirty years. The traditional method of histological examination for Negri bodies in the brain sections has been largely replaced by immunofluorescent staining methods for the detection of nucleocapsid antigen in brain smears (fluorescent antibody test: FAT) (Dean and Abelseth, 1973). Nevertheless, new laboratory methods for rabies diagnosis are still developed in order to increase the specificity and the sensitivity, reduce the time required for diagnosis, extend the detection to all the lyssaviruses, extend the sensitivity of the "intra-vitam" diagnosis and lower the cost of the diagnosis.
Early Outcome of Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting versus Carotid Endarterectomy in a Single Academic Center

Background: Evidence is accumulating that carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) might become an alternative to carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for the treatment of high-grade carotid artery disease (CAD). Evaluating the efficacy of this novel technique in single institutions in addition to performing further large trials can help to guide optimal patient management in everyday practice. Methods: In this study we compared the early outcome of 100 prospectively followed patients who underwent CAS with a retrospectively reviewed group of 142 patients that underwent CEA over the same time period. Only patients who had received pre- and postsurgical evaluations by a neurologist were included. According to the criteria set forth by the large trials the occurrence of minor or major strokes, myocardial infarction and death within 30 days was analysed. Results: Both groups had similar age and sex distributions, as well as cerebrovascular risk factors. In the group of CAS patients 63 (63%) and in the group of CEA patients 92 (65%) had a symptomatic carotid stenosis, respectively. For symptomatic patients the overall complication rate (any stroke or death) was 6.5% (3 minor and 3 major strokes) in the surgical and 8% (2 minor strokes, 2 major strokes, and 1 death) in the non-surgical group (n.s.). For asymptomatic patients there was one minor stroke (2%) in the surgical and no stroke or death in the non-surgical group. As a frequent non-neurological complication the post-procedural course was complicated by groin hematoma requiring surgery in 3 CAS patients, and neck hematoma requiring additional surgery in 3 CEA patients. Conclusions: Within our academic institution we found comparable complication rates for CAS and CEA in patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic high-grade CAD. Although these early results are promising and support the notion that CAS may become an alternative treatment option for CAD in everyday practice, the long-term efficacy of CAS has to be evaluated critically by means of further prospective studies.
Anticancer effects of cantharidin in A431 human skin cancer (Epidermoid carcinoma) cells in vitro and in vivo

Cantharidin (CTD), a potential anticancer agent of Traditional Chinese Medicine has cytotxic effects in different human cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic effects of CTD on A431 human skin cancer (epidermoid carcinoma) cells in vitro and in A431 cell xenograft mouse model were examined. In vitro, A431 human skin cell were treated with CTD for 24 and 48 h. Cell phase distribution, ROS production, Ca2+ release, Caspase activity and the level of apoptosis associated proteins were measured. In vivo, A431 cell xenograft mouse model were examined. CTD‐induced cell morphological changes and decreased percentage of viable A431 cells via G0/G1 phase arrest and induced apoptosis. CTD‐induced G0/G1 phase arrest through the reduction of protein levels of cyclin E, CDK6, and cyclin D in A431 cells. CTD‐induced cell apoptosis of A431 cells also was confirm by DNA gel electrophoresis showed CTD‐induced DNA fragmentation. CTD reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential and stimulated release of cytochrome c, AIF and Endo G in A431 cells. Flow cytometry demonstrated that CTD increased activity of caspase‐8, −9 and −3. However, when cells were pretreated with specific caspase inhibitors activity was reduced and cell viability increased. CTD increased protein levels of death receptors such as DR4, DR5, TRAIL and levels of the active form of caspase‐8, −9 and −3 in A431 cells. AIF and Endo G proteins levels were also enhanced by CTD. In vivo studies showed that CTD significantly inhibited A431 cell xenograft tumors in mice. Taken together, these in vitro and in vivo results provide insight into the mechanisms of CTD on cell growth and tumor production. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 723–738, 2017.
Two-week combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine, high-dose folinic acid and 5 fluorouracil (GEMFUFOL) as first-line treatment of metastatic biliary tract cancers.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (GEMFUFOL) chemotherapy regimen as first line treatment of metastatic biliary tract cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS All patients received folinic acid 400 mg/m(2) on day 1, 5-fluorouracil bolus 400 mg/ m2 on day 1, IV infusion of 5-fluorouracil 2400 mg/m(2) over 46 hours, and gemcitabine 1250 mg/m(2) on day 1. RESULTS A total of 29 patients with metastatic biliary tract cancer received GEMFUFOL regimen as the first- line treatment. The mean follow-up was 22.1 months (95%CI, 12.5-31.8). One patient (3.4%) achieved complete response, 5 (17.2%) had partial response, and 4 (13.8%) had stable disease. The median progression-free survival was 3.3 months (95%CI, 2.9-3.7), and the median overall survival was 8.8 months (95%CI, 3.5-14). The 1-year and 2-year survival rates were 58.6% and 30%, respectively. Grade 3 and 4 toxicity included neutropenia in 4 patients (13.7%), thrombocytopenia in 2 (6.8%), anemia in 2 (6.8%), and alopecia in 1 (3.4%). Two patients (6.8%) developed febrile neutropenia. A dose reduction was achieved in 8 patients (27.6%) while 5 patients had extended-interval dosage (17.2%) for toxicity. CONCLUSIONS The GEMFUFOL chemotherapy regimen was generally efficacious and tolerable as a first-line treatment of metastatic biliary tract cancer.
Traumatic Life Events Prior to Alcohol-Related Admission of Injured Acute Care Inpatients: A Brief Report

Objective: Approximately 30 million Americans present to acute care medical settings annually after incurring traumatic injuries. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive symptoms are endemic among injury survivors. Our article is a replication and extension of a previous report documenting a pattern of multiple traumatic life events across patients admitted to Level I trauma centers for an alcohol-related injury. Method: This study is a secondary analysis of a nationwide 20-site randomized trial of an alcohol brief intervention with 660 traumatically injured inpatients. Pre-injury trauma history was assessed using the National Comorbidity Survey trauma history screen at the six-month time point. Results: Most common traumatic events experienced by our population of alcohol-positive trauma survivors were having had someone close unexpectedly die, followed by having seen someone badly beaten or injured. Of particular note, there is high reported prevalence of rape/sexual assault, and childhood abuse and neglect among physically injured trauma survivors. Additional trauma histories are increasingly common among alcohol-positive patients admitted for a traumatic injury. Conclusions: Due to the high rate of experienced multiple traumatic events among acutely injured inpatients, the trauma history screen could be productively integrated into screening and brief intervention procedures developed for acute care settings.
Tracking fluctuation hotspots on the yeast ribosome through the elongation cycle

Abstract Chemical modification was used to quantitatively determine the flexibility of nearly the entire rRNA component of the yeast ribosome through 8 discrete stages of translational elongation, revealing novel observations at the gross and fine-scales. These include (i) the bulk transfer of energy through the intersubunit bridges from the large to the small subunit after peptidyltransfer, (ii) differences in the interaction of the sarcin ricin loop with the two elongation factors and (iii) networked information exchange pathways that may functionally facilitate intra- and intersubunit coordination, including the 5.8S rRNA. These analyses reveal hot spots of fluctuations that set the stage for large-scale conformational changes essential for translocation and enable the first molecular dynamics simulation of an 80S complex. Comprehensive datasets of rRNA base flexibilities provide a unique resource to the structural biology community that can be computationally mined to complement ongoing research toward the goal of understanding the dynamic ribosome.
Small dense low-density lipoprotein as a potential risk factor of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: The risk for diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes is about 30-40%, and it is considered the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) particles are believed to be atherogenic, and its predominance has been accepted as an emerging cardiovascular risk factor. This study aimed to assess small dense LDL as a potential risk factor and a possible predictor for diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Patients and Methods: According to microalbuminuria test, 40 diabetic patients were categorized into two groups: Diabetic patients without nephropathy (microalbuminuria negative group) and diabetic patients with nephropathy (microalbuminuria positive group), each group consists of 20 patients and all were non-obese and normotensive. The patients were re-classified into three sub-groups depending on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Results: The mean of small dense LDL level in the microalbuminuria positive group was higher than that in the microalbuminuria negative group, but without statistical significance. It was significantly higher in patients with either mild or moderate decrease in estimated GFR than in patients with normal estimated GFR. There was statistically significant correlation between small dense LDL and albuminuria and significant inverse correlation between small dense LDL and estimated GFR in all patients in the study. Based on microalbuminuria, the sensitivity and specificity of small dense LDL in the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy was 40% and 80%, respectively, with cutoff values of small dense LDL >55.14 mg/dl. On the other hand, based on GFR, the sensitivity and specificity were 88.24% and 73.91% respectively, with cutoff values of small dense LDL >41.89 mg/dl. Conclusion: Small dense LDL is correlated with the incidence and severity of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. It should be considered as a potential risk factor and as a diagnostic biomarker to be used in conjunction with other biochemical markers for early diagnosis, assessment, and follow-up of diabetic nephropathy.
Screening and Identification of the Metabolites in Rat Plasma and Urine after Oral Administration of Areca catechu L. Nut Extract by Ultra-High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Linear Ion Trap–Orbitrap Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Areca catechu L. nut, a well-known toxic traditional herbal medicine, has been widely used to treat various diseases in China and many other Asian countries for centuries. However, to date the in vivo absorption and metabolism of its multiple bioactive or toxic components still remain unclear. In this study, liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze the major components and their metabolites in rat plasma and urine after oral administration of Areca catechu L. nut extract (ACNE). A total of 12 compounds, including 6 alkaloids, 3 tannins and 3 amino acids, were confirmed or tentatively identified from ACNE. In vivo, 40 constituents, including 8 prototypes and 32 metabolites were identified in rat plasma and urine samples. In summary, this study showed an insight into the metabolism of ACNE in vivo, which may provide helpful chemical information for better understanding of the toxicological and pharmacological profiles of ACNE.
Green supply chain management practices and performance

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the deployment of pro‐active and re‐active practices in the implementation of green supply chain management (GSCM) and analyze their impact on environmental, economic, and intangible performance by considering business strategy as organizational focus.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from a sample of 190 ISO 14001 certified manufacturing companies in Thailand and used to test the research hypotheses. Factor analysis was used to examine the construct validity while multivariate linear regression was used to test criteria validity.Findings – The threat of legislation and regulation (re‐active practices) was a consideration that resulted in companies enhancing their environmental, economic, and intangible performance. Reverse logistics practices (pro‐active practices) had low levels of adoption and do not have a significant impact on GSCM performance.Research limitations/implications – This study did not consider some aspects of organizationa.