Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measures of Organizational Effectiveness: Public Sector Performance

This study aims to investigate and analyze the influence of leadership, competence, OCB behavior of an employee's performance against organizational effectiveness at 209 employees working at the regional work units (SKPD) Provincial Government of South Sulawesi. The hypothesis was tested using Structural Equation Model (Analysis of Moment Structures, AMOS version 18). The results of the study provide evidence that the leadership and competencies that can improve OCB employee for the better. Good leadership and high competence and OCB employee can increase employee performance management to a higher direction. Leadership and competence cannot increase the effectiveness of the organization towards high, while the OCB employee and management performance that can increase the organizational effectiveness. This study aims to investigate and analyze the influence of leadership, competence, OCB behavior of an employee's performance against organizational effectiveness at 209 employees working at the regional work units (SKPD) Provincial Government of South Sulawesi. The hypothesis was tested using Structural Equation Model (Analysis of Moment Structures, AMOS version 18). The results of the study provide evidence that the leadership and competencies that can improve OCB employee for the better. Good leadership and high competence and OCB employee can increase employee performance management to a higher direction. Leadership and competence cannot increase the effectiveness of the organization towards high, while the OCB employee and management performance that can increase the organizational effectiveness.
Consistent analysis of all inclusive deuteron induced reactions at low energies

An extended analysis of the reaction mechanisms involved within deuteron interaction with nuclei, namely the breakup, stripping, pick-up, pre-equilibrium emission, as well as the evaporation from fully equilibrated compound nucleus, is presented. The overall agreement between the measured data and model calculations validates the description of nuclear mechanisms taken into account for the deuteron-nucleus interaction.
Use of beta-blockers and risk of aseptic loosening in total hip and knee arthroplasty: a nested case – control study

Objectives: To analyze the effect of beta-blockers on the risk of aseptic loosening (AL) in Total Hip (THA) or Knee (TKA) Arthroplasty. Methods: A nested case-control study was conducted. Cases were patients who underwent revision surgery for THA or TKA due to AL. Controls were patients who sustained primary THA or TKA and were matched to cases in respect to age, sex, type of prostheses and follow-up in a 4:1 ratio. The use of beta-blockers was achieved. A logistic regression analysis adjusted to potential confounders was performed to determine the risk of AL. Analysis was also adjusted to cardioselectivity of the beta-blocker and the adherence to treatment, measured as Proportion of Days Covered (PDC). Results: 24 cases and 96 controls were selected. Compared to non-users, any use of beta-blockers was associated with a reduced risk of AL [adjusted OR 0.141 (Confidence Interval (CI) 95% 0.04-0.86)]. Use of selective beta-blockers showed significant lower risk of AL [adjusted OR 0.112 (CI95% 0.01-0.91)]. PDC ≥50% was associated with reduced risk of AL compared to non-users [adjusted OR 0.083 (CI95% 0.01-0.66)]. Conclusion: The first clinical evidence showing an association between the use of beta-blockers and lower risk of aseptic loosening in THA and TKA is provided.
Downregulated SOCS 1 expression activates the JAK 1 / STAT 1 pathway and promotes polarization of macrophages into M 1 type

Macrophage polarization is flexible, and involves in different signaling pathways and various transcription factors. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) is an important inhibitor of cytokine signaling pathways and also a key physiological regulator for natural and acquired immunity systems. Following transfection of SOCS1 short hairpin (sh)RNA into mouse macrophage cells, reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that the mRNA levels of Janus kinase (JAK)1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1 increased significantly. In addition, western blotting indicated that JAK1, STAT1 and p‐STAT1 expression was significantly enhanced. Fludarabine can inhibit phosphorylation of STAT1 and SOCS1 expression. When fludarabine was added and SOCS1 shRNA was transfected, the inhibition of fludarabine was weakened, and p‐STAT1 expression was upregulated. Flow cytometry detection indicated that, following the downregulation of SOCS1 expression, M1‐type cells significantly increased, but the proportion of M2‐type cells did not change significantly. Fludarabine can reduce the effect of SOCS1 shRNA on promoting M1‐type cell polarization, and macrophages can polarize into both M1 and M2 phenotypes. Further ELISA results presented that, when downregulating SOCS1 expression, interleukin (IL)‐4 and IL‐10 expression was both downregulated, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and interferon (IFN)‐γ expression was significantly upregulated. When adding fludarabine or injecting with the traditional Chinese medicine Xuebijing, IL‐4 and IL‐10 expression was both significantly upregulated, and TNF‐α and IFN‐γ expression was significantly downregulated. When adding fludarabine and downregulating SOCS1, IL‐4, IL‐10, TNF‐α and IFN‐γ expression presented no significant changes. The above results indicated that, when SOCS1 expression is downregulated, it will activate the JAK1/STAT1 pathway, and thereby promote the polarization of macrophages into M1 type. The findings are of great importance for understanding occurrence, development and treatment of various immune‐related diseases.
Schwa Deletion under Varying Prosodic Conditions : Results of a Pilot Study ∗

Pretonic schwa elision, as in e.g. support → sport, has been conceptualized as a change in intergestural timing by Articulatory Phonology (Browman and Goldstein, 1994). This study aims at a preliminary evaluation of predictions made by the current version of the theory (Saltzman et al., sub) by comparing C1 C2 coordination in bisyllabic /C1@C2VC/words with monosyllabic /C1C2VC/ words: In order to address this question we recorded the tongue and lip movements of two speakers of British English by means of EMA. Both speakers showed the predicted longer lag between the first two consonants in words like police than in please. The first consonant was not integrated into the syllable in the pretonic schwa condition. Furthermore, we tested whether the schwa in pretonic position has a specified vowel target. The movement of the tongue dorsum suggests that the trajectory is determined by the context, at least for one speaker. This would support a targetless schwa interpretation.
The role of a firm's absorptive capacity and the technology transfer process in clusters: How effective are technology centres in low-tech clusters?

This paper analyses how the internal resources of small- and medium-sized enterprises determine access (learning processes) to technology centres (TCs) or industrial research institutes (innovation infrastructure) in traditional low-tech clusters. These interactions basically represent traded (market-based) transactions, which constitute important sources of knowledge in clusters. The paper addresses the role of TCs in low-tech clusters, and uses semi-structured interviews with 80 firms in a manufacturing cluster. The results point out that producer–user interactions are the most frequent; thus, the higher the sector knowledge-intensive base, the more likely the utilization of the available research infrastructure becomes. Conversely, the sectors with less knowledge-intensive structures, i.e. less absorptive capacity (AC), present weak linkages to TCs, as they frequently prefer to interact with suppliers, who act as transceivers of knowledge. Therefore, not all the firms in a cluster can fully exploit the available research infrastructure, and their AC moderates this engagement. In addition, the existence of TCs is not sufficient since the active role of a firm's search strategies to undertake interactions and conduct openness to available sources of knowledge is also needed. The study has implications for policymakers and academia.
VERTEBRAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE DEVONIAN SARCOPTERYGIAN FISH EUSTHENOPTERON FOORDI AND THE POLARITY OF VERTEBRAL EVOLUTION IN NON-AMNIOTE TETRAPODS

Abstract Study of a growth series of twenty-seven specimens from the Upper Devonian of Escuminac Bay, Québec documents a complex pattern of vertebral development in the osteolepiform fish Eusthenopteron foordi. Ossification begins with elements associated with the caudal, anal, and second dorsal fins. Development of the haemal arches, caudal radials, and caudal neural arches continues anteriorly and posteriorly from near the level of the anterior margin of the caudal fin. Trunk neural arches ossify later than the caudal neural arches and as a separate sequence. Trunk intercentra most likely begin ossification posteriorly and continue forward after the ossification of haemal arches is complete. Comparisons of many different patterns of vertebral development within the modern actinopterygians demonstrates that the sequence of development in Eusthenopteron foordi is unique. The diverse patterns of vertebral development observed in fossil and modern fish presumably result from an interplay between the inherent anterior to posterior sequence of development controlled by the Hox genes, and varying selective forces imposed by the physical and biological environment in which the fish develop. Initiation of vertebral development in the caudal region of Eusthenopteron foordi can be attributed to selection for early function of the tail in propulsion. In contrast, vertebral development in Carboniferous amphibians typically proceeds from anterior to posterior. This may reflect development in the still water of ponds and lakes in contrast with the coastal environment inhabited by the hatchlings of Eusthenopteron foordi. The sequences of vertebral development seen in Carboniferous labyrinthodonts and lepospondyls are divergently derived from that observed in Eusthenopteron foordi.
A Spiking Neural Network Framework for Robust Sound Classification

Environmental sounds form part of our daily life. With the advancement of deep learning models and the abundance of training data, the performance of automatic sound classification (ASC) systems has improved significantly in recent years. However, the high computational cost, hence high power consumption, remains a major hurdle for large-scale implementation of ASC systems on mobile and wearable devices. Motivated by the observations that humans are highly effective and consume little power whilst analyzing complex audio scenes, we propose a biologically plausible ASC framework, namely SOM-SNN. This framework uses the unsupervised self-organizing map (SOM) for representing frequency contents embedded within the acoustic signals, followed by an event-based spiking neural network (SNN) for spatiotemporal spiking pattern classification. We report experimental results on the RWCP environmental sound and TIDIGITS spoken digits datasets, which demonstrate competitive classification accuracies over other deep learning and SNN-based models. The SOM-SNN framework is also shown to be highly robust to corrupting noise after multi-condition training, whereby the model is trained with noise-corrupted sound samples. Moreover, we discover the early decision making capability of the proposed framework: an accurate classification can be made with an only partial presentation of the input.
Free Competition and the Optimal Amount of Fraud

THIS paper explores the reasons for and determinants of the provision by a firm of false information to a consumer so as to induce purchases which would not be made if the consumer possessed full information about the qualities of his purchase. Market responses to potential for fraud are analyzed in detail. It is shown that fraud and related practices follow from significant costs both in the determination of quality of a particular good or service and in the effective vertical integration of seller and buyer through some exchange of property rights. Much of our discussion focuses on the key problem of the joint provision of diagnosis and services-such as the choice and execution of an automobile repair or taxicab route--but the model developed will be seen to have general applicability whenever the seller provides information which influences purchases, as through advertising or salesmen's promises. In the context of the repair problem, we explore the reasons for and the determinants of the provision of repair services in amounts greater than would be economically efficient, given the price of the services and their marginal product in terms of the service flow from the repaired commodity. ' The possibility of this situation is suggested by the observation that in a considerable number of cases involving medical, automotive, and other repair services, contrary to the basic assumption of conventional demand theory, the consumer is unaware of the ability of the repair service to satisfy a given want.2
Natural Radiation Doses Due to Radioactivity in Northern Part of Jordan

The aim of this study is to present an assessment of radiation doses received by the public in selected areas of northern part of Jordan, due to Background Radiation. This region included a 330 km length area, in five governorates in northern Jordan: Irbid, Mafraq, Zarqa, Jarash, and Ajloun. Using a portable Geiger–Muller counter, and NaI(Tl) detector, the area has been surveyed. The measured absorbed dose rates in air were in the range of 10 –250 nSv/h. Further studies should be implemented to determine the concentrations of natural radioactive materials.
Is the ground state of Yang-Mills theory Coulombic?

We study trial states modelling the heavy quark-antiquark ground state in SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. A state describing the flux tube between quarks as a thin string of glue is found to be a poor description of the continuum ground state; the infinitesimal thickness of the string leads to UV artifacts which suppress the overlap with the ground state. Contrastingly, a state which surrounds the quarks with non-Abelian Coulomb fields is found to have a good overlap with the ground state for all charge separations. In fact, the overlap increases as the lattice regulator is removed. This opens up the possibility that the Coulomb state is the true ground state in the continuum limit.
Time domain classification and quantification of seismic noise in an urban environment

SUMMARY Broad-band urban seismic noise (USN) must be considered as a temporally and spatially non-stationary random process. Due to the high variability of USN a single measure like the standard deviation of a seismic noise time-series or the power spectral density at a given frequency is not enough to characterize a sample (time-series) of USN comprehensively. Therefore, we use long-term spectrograms and propose an automated statistical classification in the time domain to quantify and characterize USN. Long-term spectrograms of up to 28 d duration are calculated from a broad-band seismic data set recorded in the metropolitan area of Bucharest, Romania, to identify the frequency-dependent behaviour of the timevariable processes contributing to USN. Based on the spectral analysis eight frequency ranges between 8 mHz and 45 Hz are selected for our proposed time domain classification. The classification scheme identifies deviations from the Gaussian distribution of 4-hr-long timeseries of USN. Our classification is capable to identify Gaussian distributed seismic noise timeseries as well as time-series dominated by transient or periodic signals using six noise classes. Four additional noise classes are introduced to identify corrupt time-series. The performance of the method is tested with a synthetic data set. We also apply the statistical classification for the data set from Bucharest in three time windows (0–4, 8–12 and 13–17 EET) at 11 d in the eight frequency ranges. Only 40 per cent of the analysed time-series are observed to be Gaussian distributed. Most common deviations from the Gaussian distribution (∼47 per cent) are due to the influence of large-amplitude transient signals. In all frequency ranges between 0.04 and 45 Hz significant variations of the statistical properties of USN are observed with daytime, indicating the broad-band human influence on USN. We observe the human activity as a dominant influence on the USN above and below the frequency band of ocean-generated microseism between 0.04 and 0.6 Hz. Our time domain classification and quantification is furthermore capable to resolve the influence of wind on seismic noise and a known site effect variation in the metropolitan area of Bucharest. The information about noise amplitudes and statistical properties derived automatically from broad-band seismic data can be used to select time windows containing adequate data for seismic noise utilization like H/V-studies or ambient noise tomography.
Numerical modelling and comparison of MgB2 bulks fabricated by HIP and infiltration growth

MgB2 in bulk form shows great promise as trapped field magnets (TFMs) as an alternative to bulk (RE)BCO materials to replace permanent magnets in applications such as rotating machines, magnetic bearings and magnetic separation, and the relative ease of fabrication of MgB2 materials has enabled a number of different processing techniques to be developed. In this paper, a comparison is made between bulk MgB2 samples fabricated by the hot isostatic pressing (HIP), with and without Ti-doping, and infiltration growth (IG) methods and the highest trapped field in an IG-processed bulk MgB2 sample, Bz = 2.12 at 5 K and 1.66 T at 15 K, is reported. Since bulk MgB2 has a more homogeneous Jc distribution than (RE)BCO bulks, studies on such systems are made somewhat easier because simplified assumptions regarding the geometry and Jc distribution can be made, and a numerical simulation technique based on the 2D axisymmetric H-formulation is introduced to model the complete process of field cooling (FC) magnetization. As input data for the model, the measured Jc(B,T) characteristics of a single, small specimen taken from each bulk sample are used, in addition to measured specific heat and thermal conductivity data for the materials. The results of the simulation reproduce the experimental results extremely well: (1) indicating the samples have excellent homogeneity, and (2) validating the numerical model as a fast, accurate and powerful tool to investigate the trapped field profile of bulk MgB2 discs of any size accurately, under any specific operating conditions. Finally, the paper is concluded with a numerical analysis of the influence of the dimensions of the bulk sample on the trapped field.
The Race Between Preferences and Technology

This paper argues that a unified analysis of consumption and production is required to understand the long‐run behavior of the U.S. labor share. First, using household data on the universe of consumer spending, I document that higher‐income households spend relatively more on labor‐intensive goods and services as a share of their total consumption. Interpreted as nonhomothetic preferences, this fact implies that economic growth increases the aggregate labor share through an income effect. Second, using disaggregated data on factor shares and capital intensities, I document that equipment‐intensive goods experienced relatively larger declines in their labor shares. Based on this finding, I estimate that capital and labor are gross substitutes, and that investment‐specific technical change reduces the labor share. Given the estimated elasticities, a parsimonious neoclassical model quantitatively matches the observed low‐frequency movements in the aggregate labor share since the 1950s, both its relative stability until about 1980 and its decline thereafter.
The impact of coastal phytoplankton blooms on ocean‐atmosphere thermal energy exchange: Evidence from a two‐way coupled numerical modeling system

A set of sensitivity experiments are performed with a two‐way coupled and nested ocean‐atmosphere forecasting system in order to deconvolve how dense phytoplankton stocks in a coastal embayment may impact thermal energy exchange processes. Monterey Bay simulations parameterizing solar shortwave transparency in the surface ocean as an invariant oligotrophic oceanic water type estimate consistently colder sea surface temperature (SST) than simulations utilizing more realistic, spatially varying shortwave attenuation terms based on satellite estimates of surface algal pigment concentration. These SST differences lead to an ∼88% increase in the cumulative turbulent thermal energy transfer from the ocean to the atmosphere over the three month simulation period. The result is a warmer simulated atmospheric boundary layer with respective local air temperature differences approaching ∼2°C. This study suggests that the retention of shortwave solar flux by ocean flora may directly impact even short‐term forecasts of coastal meteorological variables.
JOB SATISFAcTIOn OF cERTIFIED nURSE MIDWIVES: An ExAMInATIOn

Health care providers face pressure to reduce costs and enhance patient satisfaction. One approach is to employ primary care providers such as nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and certified nurse midwives. Since there is a positive relationship between job satisfaction and patient satisfaction, positive job satisfaction on the part of providers, such as midwives, can translate into patient satisfaction. This research explores the degree of job satisfaction exhibited by certified nurse midwives. The data derives from a survey of 2000 CNM members of the American College of Nurse-Midwives. The survey captures job satisfaction factors, including interactions with physicians and nurses, job tasks, organization policies, pay, job autonomy, professional status, and job requirements and demographics. The findings reveal that the factors associated with overall job satisfaction are conditioned by midwives’ places of work. While levels of job satisfaction are high, those factors associated with it vary by workplace. Therefore, strategies designed to enhance job satisfaction for certified nurse midwives should relate to the locus of work and its environment.
Confidence Regions for Multivariate Quantiles

Multivariate quantiles are of increasing importance in applications of hydrology. This calls for reliable methods to evaluate the precision of the estimated quantile sets. Therefore, we focus on two recently developed approaches to estimate confidence regions for level sets and extend them to provide confidence regions for multivariate quantiles based on copulas. In a simulation study, we check coverage probabilities of the employed approaches. In particular, we focus on small sample sizes. One approach shows reasonable coverage probabilities and the second one obtains mixed results. Not only the bounded copula domain but also the additional estimation of the quantile level pose some problems. A small sample application gives further insight into the employed techniques.