Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnitude of Domestic Violence and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Hulet Ejju Enessie District, Northwest Ethiopia

Introduction. Domestic violence during pregnancy is one of the barriers to achieve MDG 3 due to its adverse health consequences. Comparable population-based data on the problem are lacking as existing literatures differ in time periods explored. Such discrepancies among study findings indicate the importance of site specific studies, especially in rural parts of Ethiopia, where little is known about the problem. Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of domestic violence and its associated factors among pregnant women in Hulet Ejju Enessie district, northwest Ethiopia. Methods and Materials. Quantitative community based cross-sectional study was carried out from January 1 to 31, 2014. A total of 425 randomly selected pregnant women were involved in the study. A standard WHO multicountry study on women’s health and domestic violence questionnaire were used for data collection. Four trained female data collectors were involved. Odds ratio with 95% CI was estimated to identify factors associated with domestic violence during pregnancy using multivariate logistic regression. Statistical significance was declared at value ≤0.05. Results. The prevalence of domestic violence during current pregnancy was 32.2%. The prevalence of psychological, sexual, and physical violence was 24.9%, 14.8%, and 11.3%, respectively. Married women at the age of ≤15 years were about four times (AOR = 4.2, 95% CI 1.9–9.0) more likely to experience domestic violence during pregnancy than their counterparts. Meanwhile, interparental exposure to domestic violence during childhood (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.1–4.8), having frequently drinker partner (AOR = 3.4, 95% CI 1.6–7.4), and undesired pregnancy by partner (AOR = 6.2, 95% CI 3.2–12.1) were the main significant factors that increase risk of domestic violence during pregnancy. Conclusion and Recommendation. In this study, the prevalence of domestic violence during current pregnancy is high which may lead to a serious health consequence both on the mothers and on their foetuses. Thus, targeted efforts should be made by all concerned stakeholders to reduce the problem in the study area.
Effect of animal manure and superabsorbent polymer on corn leaf relative water content, cell membrane stability and leaf chlorophyll content under dry condition

The present research was carried out to study effects of animal manure and superabsorbent polymer on leaf relative water content, cell membrane stability and leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) of corn under drought stress in Fars Agricultural Research Station (Iran). The experimental design was split plot based on randomized complete blocks (RCBD) with three replicates. Water stress was applied by three different irrigation intervals (irrigation after 70, 105 and 140 mm evaporation of basin class A) which were allocated to main plots. A combination of six levels of animal manure and superabsorbent polymer (types: superab A200) allocated to subplots as follows: S1: control, S2: 100% animal manure (40 t/ha), S3: 100% super absorbent polymer (200 kg/ha), S4: 50% animal manure+50% superabsorbent polymer, S5: 35% animal manure+65% superabsorbent polymer, S6: 65% animal manure+35% superabsorbent polymer. Results showed that the highest leaf relative water content (RWC) was obtained with 100% superabsorbent polymer (200 kg/ha), and it reduced by increasing drought stress. Cell membrane stability (CMS) increased with increasing drought stress and decreased by using animal manure and superabsorbent polymer. Leaf chlorophyll index (SPAD values) increased in response to drought stress and by using different combinations of animal manure and superabsorbent polymer. 1000-seed weight and grain yield was decreased by drought stress. Grain yield decreased by yield components reduction, especially 1000-seed weight due to drought stress. 1000-seed weight and grain and biological yield increased by using animal manure and superabsorbent polymer together as maximum yield grain was obtained by using 65% animal manure and 35% superabsorbent polymer.
Consumers' perceptions on the service quality in the motor vehicle repair and service industry: an exploratory study in Klang Valley, Malaysia

Motor vehicle repair and service are common and regular services used by consumers in Malaysia. The high demand for these services is contributed by the continued increase in the number of registered vehicles and the number of driving licences issued annually. There are also many complaints reported in the Tribunal for Consumer Claims (TCC) in relation to this industry. Thus, this study aimed to identify the perceptions of consumers towards the quality of the services provided by motor vehicle garages. A total of 400 respondents participated in the study through simple random sampling and data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The results of this study indicated that most of the respondents generally had low and moderate perceptions of the service quality. Meanwhile, among the matters that need to be given more considerations are to ensure that the written consent from the consumers is given before undertaking any repair work, and to provide written statements describing the services and the estimated labour fees incurred. Thus, it is recommended that the enforcement bodies enforce the laws strictly and more attention be given to small garages. This study highlighted the seriousness of the problems and it also showed the importance of enacting a specific statute governing this industry in order to achieve a higher standard of services as well as to provide a comprehensive consumer protection.
Impact of crop management on weed species diversity and community composition of winter wheat fields in Iran

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of crop management practices on the diversity, structure, and composition of weed communities. A total of 30 fields (15 fields each) in low-input and conventional farming systems were surveyed in north-eastern Iran. In the conventional cropping system,both mineral fertilizers and herbicides were applied,while in the low-input cropping system, the fertilizer was mainly manure and herbicides were avoided. The results showed that the pool of species, species richness, number of unique species, and Shannon’s diversity index were greater in the low-input system than in the conventional system. Both cropping systems had more broad-leaved species than grasses and more annual species than perennial species. All the multivariate methods of analysis that were applied revealed that the weed community composition was significantly different between the two management types.The low-input cropping favored herbicide-susceptible broad-leaved weeds, legumes, and weeds with biodiversity value, whereas a high proportion of herbicide-tolerant grasses was found in the conventional fields.The results suggest that low-input cropping can sustain high weed diversity and abundance.
Characteristic Profiles of an Original Drink Sap from Male and Female Deglet Nour Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) during Collection Period

This work aimed to evaluate the nutritional quality of a typical natural drink from male and female Deglet Nour (DN) date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) during the collection period. Dry matter, protein, amino acids, and sugar profiles were determined using AFNOR norm, Kjeldahl method, HPLC, and HPAEC-PAD, respectively. The male sap dry matter content was higher than that of the female. It decreased significantly through the tapping period. During the harvest, the male sap protein content decreased but increased significantly in the female sap. Finally, sugar fraction, for both male and female DN sap, was dominated by sucrose, glucose, fructose, and a small amount of myo-inositol. During the collection time, sugar content is affected by the sex especially for myo-inositol content that increased significantly in the female date sap, unlike that of the male one. This may be related to the fact that the male palm is more resistant to physiological stress, inducing myo-inositol formation during tapping.
Investor Fear and G-10 Country American Depository Receipt Returns

This paper investigates the relationship between various measures of investor fear and developed country ADRs. Specifically, we test whether the implied volatility of the US Market has a significant relationship with the returns of American Depository Receipts from G-10 Countries. We proxy for US Market implied volatility using the VIX Volatility Index published by the Chicago Board of Options Exchange. We additionally build an alternative proxy of investor fear by constructing a Financial and Economic Attitudes Revealed by Search (FEARS) Index as a measure of sentiment. Our results suggest that there does not exist a significant relationship between the US VIX and the returns of ADRs from the G10 countries excluding Canada. Moreover, we find that there does not exist a significant relationship between foreign equity market returns and the US VIX for the G10 excluding Canada and the UK. We also find that there is not a significant relationship between the level of search volume in the US about the G10 countries and their stock market returns or ADR returns. Overall, our results could suggest that international portfolio diversification, through both the use of G10 ADRs and direct foreign equity investments in most of the G10 countries, maintains itself as a valid tactic for hedging against downturns in the US Market. JEL Classification: G14, G19
Pure Ice IV from High-Density Amorphous Ice

High-density amorphous ice (HDA), made by compression of hexagonal ice at 77 K, was heated at a constant pressure of 0.81 GPa up to 195 K and its phase transition followed by displacement-temperature curves. The crystalline phases recovered at 77 K and 1 bar were characterized by X-ray diffraction. Pure D2O ice IV and nearly pure H2O ice IV were formed on slow heating at a rate of ≈0.4 K min-1, whereas pure H2O and D2O ice XII were formed on fast heating at ≥15 K min-1. On heating HDA at rates inbetween, a mixture of ice IV and ice XII is obtained, where their relative yields depend in a systematic manner on the heating rate. Conversion of HDA into either ice IV or ice XII is an example of a “parallel reaction” where the relative yields of ice IV and ice XII can be controlled by temperature, that is in our approach by the rate of heating. It is conceivable that a similar behavior occurs on crystallization of the related pressure-amorphized silica.
Management of ankle joint sprains

Despite the fact that ankle sprain is the most common orthopaedic trauma there are discrepancies and randomness in its treatment. Therefore lots of initially trivial trauma leads to chronic disability and degenerative changes of the joint. In our paper we presents rules of ankle sprains diagnostics, treatment and rehabilitation according to literature. We describe algorithm of procedures binding in our center according to diagnostics results. Consequences of complications in treatment are also discussed.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Avian Influenza among Poultry traders in Nigeria

Traders at Live Poultry Markets (LPM) are at increased risk of acquiring Avian Influenza (AI) infection through contact with sick poultry or their products. Concern exists that the potential AI transmission could lead to a pandemic especially from resourceconstrained countries with weak health systems and veterinary services. We conducted a survey in 140 Nigerian poultry traders in traditional LPM enquiring on their knowledge, attitudes and infection control preventive practices regarding AI. Knowledge was inadequate and the infection was perceived to be a low occupational hazard. Wearing protective equipment and hand washing were not routine practices. In logistic regression models high educational level and risk perception were independent predictors of knowledge of AI with [Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Intervals)] 2.16 (1.03-4.54) and 5.36 (1.70-16.91)] respectively. Belief that AI is a preventable and serious disease independently predicted behavior modification practices 4.05 (1.28-12.81) and 3.24 (1.29-8.14) respectively. Knowledge of transmission and preventive measures should be improved. More effective information should be provided to this high risk group as well as improvements in infrastructure and working conditions to facilitate behavior modification.
Tenderness and the Calpain System of Three Different Types of Muscles of Kejobong Does Under Two Different Energy Levels

The purpose of research was to investigate whether there was influence of the addition of concentrates in basal feed on meat tenderness and calpastatin and calpain activities of three muscles of Kejobong does. A total of 20 heads of Kejobong does (2.0-2.5 years) with initial live weight range between 23.8-24.2 kg was studied and randomly set in two kinds of feed treatment, ie basal feed (p0) and basal feed plus concentrates (p1). Two kinds of feed were given to Kejobong doe for 12 weeks. The observed variables were (1) tenderness of meat, (2) calpain activity (P-calpain activity and the activity of m-calpain), and (3) calpastatin activity. Data were processed using the General Linear Model Univariate procedure and Pearson Bivariate Correlation of the SPSS program. Results showed that feeding (basal feed and basal feed plus concentrates) significantly affected meat tenderness of Kejobong doe. The types of muscles had highly significant effect on tenderness. Feeds affected P-calpain activity, m-calpain activity, and calpastatin activity in the muscles. Types of muscles exhibited variation in the activity of P-calpain, the activity of m-calpain, and calpastatin activity. In conclusion, the addition of concentrates in the basal feed increased meat tenderness, and affected the activity of P-calpain, m-calpain, and calpastatin.
Balancing clinical risk with countertransference management protects Alliance

The working alliance has been recognized as a predictor of psychotherapy outcome across therapeutic orientations. Despite mixed findings regarding the effect of problem severity on the alliance formation, there is evidence suggesting that therapist factors may interfere in this association. This study examined how clients’ baseline clinical features affected the early alliance and the possible role of therapists’ countertransference management as a mediator. Thirteen therapeutic dyads were assessed at 2 different time points. Clients’ clinical dimensions were assessed prior to the 2nd session, and therapists’ countertransference management and clients’ ratings of the alliance were measured after the 2nd session. Positive associations were found between clients’ subjective wellbeing, social functioning, risk, and global psychological distress and countertransference management dimensions and total score. Empathy-based countertransference management suppressed the negative impact of clinical risk on alliance. Our findings suggest that clinical problems activate countertransference management, which in turn may buffer their negative effect on alliance.
Analysis of drought conditions and their effects on Lake Trasimeno (Central Italy) levels

An analysis of drought conditions on the Lake Trasimeno area (Umbria, Central Italy) and of their influence on the lake levels is presented. Lake Trasimeno is one of the largest Italian lakes, and its economic and environmental importance is very high. The analysis of temperature data (1963-2014) shows that annual temperature is increasing – in accordance with what is known for Central Italy and the Mediterranean area – with a significant gradient of about 0.023°C/ year. No significant annual and seasonal rainfall trends were observed over the Lake Trasimeno catchment. The power spectrum analysis of rainfall and lake level fluctuations shows that both periodograms have high statistical confidence levels (>99%) for annual and semi-annual cycles. The annual cycles of the periodogram of lake level fluctuations show a higher statistical confidence level than semi-annual cycles. Some other cycles such as the El-Nino Southern oscillation, North Atlantic oscillation, and solar activity are highlighted, with significance levels lower than that of annual and semi-annual cycles. The standardized precipitation (SPI) and standardized reconnaissance drought indices, at different time scales, show that frequency and duration of extreme and severe droughts have increased in the last 25 years. A significant relationship between 12-month SPI and 12-month standardized lake levels fluctuations was obtained for the 1989-2014 period, indicating that SPI 12 can be a useful indicator to represent drought severity for systems such as the Lake Trasimeno by considering lake level fluctuations rather than lake levels.
Power-sharing between NS and NNS teachers: linguistically powerful AETs vs. culturally powerful JTEs

This study investigates team teaching (TT) relationships between AETs (Assistant English Teachers) and JTEs (Japanese Teachers of English) focusing on power-sharing in Japanese high schools. From September 2003 to March 2004, a naturalistic case study was conducted with two TT pairs during bimonthly visits through class observation and individual interviews. Supplementary data were also collected by interviewing students. Research results revealed that the AETs were given full autonomy because of their language power, which caused the JTEs to become peripheral participants. This resulted in the JTEs’ dissatisfaction with their TT performance. Furthermore, the JTEs’ identity influenced by language power inequality was deeply involved in their peripheral participation, which was supported by the belief in the native speaker fallacy, the idea that NSs are automatically the best teachers of the language (Phillipson, 1992), at the educational, societal, and individual levels.
MEASUREMENT OF VALUE CREATION: ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED AND NET PRESENT VALUE

There are some major frameworks within value based management system. This paper analyses the two most basic approaches – economic value added (EVA) and discounted cash flows (DCF) techniques – that are used to measure value creation of companies. These models are frequently applied in company’s valuation and investment project valuation. EVA and NPV measures are consistent with the maximization of the value of the company. Investments, cash flows, economic life and capital cost are financial market’s actuality, where value and profitability should be measured. Therefore DCF models are applied there and companies’ economic data can be obtained from here. Each investment is evaluated of future decisions over its useful life based on the expected cash flows. The result is net present value (NPV) and a positive NPV show that investment creates value. EVA is calculated over a defined calendar period. It measures an entire company’s current economic performance. A positive EVA signals value creation. The concept of NOPAT is basic to both approaches. Each approach requires a variety of adjustments to the accounting information. Although DCF and EVA approaches can provide the same present value expression, there are differences between these approaches. Some of them are technical and therefore NPV analysis is the business analysts’ preferred method to estimate value and to make long-term decisions.
A case study of air‐sea interaction during swell conditions

Air-sea interaction data from a situation with pronounced unidirectional swell have been analyzed. Measurements of turbulence at three levels (10, 18, and 26 m above mean sea level) together with directional wave buoy data from the site Ostergarnsholm in the Baltic Sea were used. The situation, which lasted for ∼48 hours, appeared in the aftermath of a gale. The wind direction during the swell situation turned slowly within a 90° sector. Both during the gale phase and the swell phase the over-water fetch was >150 km. The wind speed during the swell phase was typically 4 m s−1. During the swell phase a wind maximum near or below the lowest wind speed measuring level 10 m was observed. The net momentum flux was very small, resulting in CD values ∼0.7 × 10−3. Throughout the lowest 26 m, covered by the tower measurements, turbulence intensities in all three components remained high despite the low value of the kinematic momentum flux -u′w′¯ resulting in a reduction of the correlation coefficient for the longitudinal and vertical velocity from its typical value around −0.35 to between −0.2 and 0 (and with some positive values at the higher measuring levels), appearing abruptly at wave age c0/U10 equal to 1.2. Turbulence spectra of the horizontal components were shown not to scale with height above the water surface, in contrast to vertical velocity spectra for which such a variation was observed in the low-frequency range. In addition, spectral peaks in the horizontal wind spectra were found at a frequency as low as 10−3 Hz. From a comparison with results from a previous study it was concluded that this turbulence is of the “inactive” kind, being brought down from the upper parts of the boundary layer by pressure transport.
Social environment affects female and egg testosterone levels in the house sparrow (Passer domesticus)

Maternal effects can have an adaptive value if they improve the performance of offspring. As such, the transfer of maternal testosterone (T) to the eggs has been suggested as a mechanism for adaptive maternal control of offspring phenotype in birds, although recent studies have shown negative effects of testosterone on hatching rate and chick survival. Here, we experimentally investigated whether socially stressful conditions experienced by female house sparrows during egg laying affected their circulating levels of androgens and the amount transferred to the eggs. Social stress was simulated by the intrusion of a foreign male placed near the nest box during the egg-laying sequence. We found that (1) both female and yolk testosterone titres were positively related to breeding density; (2) yolk testosterone was negatively correlated with maternal testosterone; (3) yolk testosterone was positively correlated with the behavioural response of females towards the intruder and (4) the interaction between social intrusion and breeding density affected the amount of testosterone transferred to the eggs. Altogether, our results suggest that females may be able to modulate the amount of testosterone they allocate to their eggs according to the social environment they experience during egg laying.
Effect of ice therapy on post partum perineal pain and wound condition

The application of ice to the perinea! wound is a common treatment in the post partum period. There is little research available that evaluates the efficacy of ice therapy. This study examined the effects of ice therapy on the perinea! wound in the first 24 hours post partum. An experimental design was used to test the hypothesis that the application of ice to the perinea! wound, in the first 24 hours post partum, produces a significant reduction in reported pain and use of oral analgesia, and improvement in wound condition. A convenience sample of 58 post partum women from a non-teaching, metropolitan, public hospital were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The experimental group, in addition to the normal hospital routine, had icepacks applied to the perineum at four-hourly intervals in the first 24 hours post delivery. The control group underwent normal post partum care, without the application of ice. A horizontal visual analogue scale was used to assess reported pain levels. The redness, oedema, ecchymosis, discharge, and approximation of skin edges (R.E.E.D.A.) tool was used to assess wound condition at one hour and twenty-four hours post partum.