Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DALP: A demand‐aware location privacy protection scheme in continuous location‐based services

Location‐based services (LBSs) via mobile handheld devices have been subject to major privacy concerns for users. Currently, most of the existing works concerning the continuous LBS queries mainly focus on users' privacy demands with little consideration of the service of quality (QoS). In this paper, we propose a demand‐aware location protection scheme for continuous LBS requests, allowing a user to customize not only location privacy but also QoS requirement, while this results that in considerably many queries points, the privacy and QoS requirement cannot be met together, and the location privacy protection cannot be provided for the continuous LBS queries. We point out that its underlying reason is that in few LBS query regions, the footprints are sparse or the privacy requirements are set unreasonably high. Therefore, a maximum demands‐aware query sequence algorithm is proposed in the scheme. Through identifying and restraining the queries in those regions, most of LBS queries are satisfied; thus, the longest LBS query sequence is obtained, which can satisfy a user's specific privacy and QoS requirements simultaneously. Furthermore, on the premise that the user's privacy requirement is met, in demand‐aware location protection scheme, we propose two algorithms to minimize the constructed cloaking regions, reducing the query latency and the server's workload and providing better QoS for users. Extensive simulations on a large dataset prove the effectiveness of our approach under various location privacy and QoS demands. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Body mass index and risk of dementia.

DOI:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000478 Given the rapidly growing burden of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias and the absence of sufficient treatment options [1], strategies to prevent or delay the disease onset are urgently warranted. Among potentially modifiable determinants of dementia, body mass index (BMI) has been extensively investigated. Late-life obesity has been linked to lower risk of dementia; a phenomenon attributed to reverse causality. Unintended weight loss in the preclinical stage, up to a decade before dementia onset, is thought to be a consequence of underlying pathophysiological processes rather than a risk factor for dementia [2]. Thus, studies that address only late-life BMI are likely to observe higher risk of dementia in the lower BMI groups. As dementia develops over decades, it is critical to pay attention to risk factors in midlife [3]. One meta-analysis of 15 prospective studies showed that in comparison to being normal-weight, being underweight as well as being overweight or obese in midlife conferred an elevated risk of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias [4]. This was recently corroborated in two detailed long-term observational studies that elegantly showed how the association of BMI and dementia is modified by age of BMI measurement – suggesting that low BMI in old age is a marker of weight loss and that midlife obesity is associated with higher risk of dementia compared with normal weight [5 && ,6 && ]. Accordingly, guidelines including the recent Lancet ‘Commission on Dementia Prevention, Intervention, and Care’ highlight obesity during midlife (45–65 years) as a potentially modifiable risk factor for dementia [7 && ]. At the same time, there are also reports with conflicting results. Although criticized for several sources of bias, the recent retrospective cohort study of two million patients’ records from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink reported that midlife overweight and obesity was associated with lower risk of dementia compared with normal-weight, whereas underweight was associated with increased dementia risk [8,9]. The most up-to-date metaanalysis reported underweight and obesity during midlife, as compared with normal-weight, to be associated with a higher dementia risk [10]. In 43 721 participants of the Norwegian Counties Study, weight loss during midlife was associated with an increased risk of dementia-related mortality
In vivo multiphoton fluorescence imaging: A novel approach to oral malignancy

Current techniques for oral diagnosis require surgical biopsy of lesions, and may fail to detect early malignant change. Non‐invasive, sensitive tools providing early detection of oral cancer and a better understanding of malignant change are needed. These studies evaluated in vivo multiphoton excited fluorescence (MPM) techniques to (1) map epithelial and subepithelial changes through out oral carcinogenesis and (2) serve as an effective diagnostic modality.
The Computation and Application of the Generalized Inverse via Maple

In Karampetakis (1995) an algorithm for computing the generalized inverse of a singular polynomial matrixA(s)? Rsn×mhas been presented. In this paper the algorithm is extended to that of the singular rational matrix,A(s)? Rsn×m, and the algorithm is subsequently implemented in the symbolic computational package Maple. Several applications of its use are given.
The influence of endothelial cells on the ECM composition of 3D engineered cardiovascular constructs

Tissue engineering of small diameter (<5 mm) blood vessels is a promising approach to develop viable alternatives for autologous vascular grafts. Development of a functional, adherent, shear resisting endothelial cell (EC) layer is one of the major issues limiting the successful application of these tissue engineered grafts. The goal of the present study was to create a confluent EC layer on a rectangular 3D cardiovascular construct using human venous cells and to determine the influence of this layer on the extracellular matrix composition and mechanical properties of the constructs. Rectangular cardiovascular constructs were created by seeding myofibroblasts (MFs) on poly(glycolic acid) poly‐4‐hydroxybutyrate scaffolds using fibrin gel. After 3 or 4 weeks, ECs were seeded and co‐cultured using EGM‐2 medium for 2 or 1 week, respectively. A confluent EC layer could be created and maintained for up to 2 weeks. The EGM‐2 medium lowered the collagen production by MFs, resulting in weaker constructs, especially in the 2 week cultured constructs. Co‐culturing with ECs slightly reduced the collagen content, but had no additional affect on the mechanical performance. A confluent endothelial layer was created on 3D human cardiovascular constructs. The layer was co‐cultured for 1 and 2 weeks. Although, the collagen production of the MFs was slightly lowered, co‐culturing ECs for 1 week results in constructs with good mechanical properties and a confluent EC layer. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On hyperbolic points and periodic orbits of symplectomorphisms

We prove the existence of infinitely many periodic orbits of symplectomorphisms isotopic to the identity if they admit at least one hyperbolic periodic orbit and satisfy some condition on the flux. Our result is proved for a certain class of closed symplectic manifolds, and the main tool we use is a variation of Floer theory for symplectomorphisms, the Floer–Novikov theory.
Wnt Signaling Regulates Hemopoiesis Through Stromal Cells1

Hemopoietic cells develop in a complex milieu that is made up of diverse components, including stromal cells. Wnt genes, which are known to regulate the fate of the cells in a variety of tissues, are expressed in hemopoietic organs. However, their roles in hemopoiesis are not well characterized. In this study, we examined the roles of Wnt proteins in hemopoiesis using conditioned medium containing Wnt-3a. This conditioned medium dramatically reduced the production of B lineage cells and myeloid lineage cells, except for macrophages in the long-term bone marrow cultures grown on stromal cells, although the sensitivity to the conditioned medium differed, depending on the hemopoietic lineage. In contrast, the same conditioned medium did not affect the generation of B lineage or myeloid lineage cells in stromal cell-free conditions. These results suggested that Wnt proteins exert their effects through stromal cells. Indeed, these effects were mimicked by the expression of a stabilized form of β-catenin in stromal cells. In this study, we demonstrated that Wnt signaling regulates hemopoiesis through stromal cells with selectivity and different degrees of the effect, depending on the hemopoietic lineage in the hemopoietic microenvironment.
Synapse loss from the rhesus monkey primary visual cortex does not correlate with cognitive decline during aging

The effect of age on synapses in the neuropil of layers 2/3 in primary visual cortex was determined in 12 rhesus monkeys of various ages (6-33 years old). All of the monkeys had been behaviorally tested. As determined using the size–frequency method, there is a decrease in the numerical density of symmetric, but not asymmetric, synapses with age. There is no significant correlation between the loss of symmetric synapse frequency and the cognitive impairment indices (CII) of the 12 behaviorally tested monkeys. This lack of correlation between synapse frequency reduction and cognitive decline presumably relates to the fact that the primary visual cortex does not have a direct role in subserving
Study on e-government services quality: The integration of online and offline services

Purpose : E-Government, as a new bond linking the government and the public, has gradually become the focus of innovation in government services. The paper focuses on the e-Government service quality issues from the perspective of users. Design/methodology/approach : From the aspects of online service quality perception and offline service quality perception, based on IS Success model and SERQUAL model, e-Government Services Quality model has been set up with information quality, system quality and service quality as key factors. Then, the survey method was applied to collect data and then to test the model. Findings : It was found that users’ perception of offline service quality has a significant effect on improving their perception of online service quality, and online service quality perception has a significant effect on public satisfaction of e-Government services; information clarity, system security and stability, interactive services and “one-stop” services all have a significant effect on public satisfaction of e-Government services. However, offline service quality perception has certain positive effect on public satisfaction of e-Government services but not dramatically. Research limitations/implications : Mobile e-Government as an important direction of the development of e-Government, in the future, we will study more about mobile e-Government services channels. Originality/value: This study further develops the theory of information system service quality, and also provides a theoretical reference for government departments. On the one hand, based on the characteristics of e-government system, information quality, system quality and service quality in the previous system service model are further discussed; on the other hand, both online and offline services are taken into consideration in the information system service model, thus establishing the e-government services quality model and making an in-depth study of the integration effect of online and offline services. Its conclusions can be references for the application of traditional information system service model in the field of e-government.
Written discourse of adolescents with closed head injury

Written discourse of adolescents with closed head injury (CHI) was compared to that of normal controls. It was expected that the writing of adolescents with CHI would be disordered on one or more of the eight measurements used (productivity, efficiency, lexical, incomplete, or elliptic cohesion, global or local coherence, and maze use). Eight adolescents with closed head injury and matched controls provided written descriptions of a pictured activity. Analysis using t -tests indicated that adolescents with CHI used fewer words to express each idea in writing ( p = 0.05), and that the relationship between successive ideas was rated as less than that of controls ( p = 0.002). Implications are that written as well as oral discourse should be assessed after CHI. Writing is a more controlled process than speaking; and, therefore, may be used clinically to structure the development of ideas after CHI.
Response of auditory units in the barn owl's inferior colliculus to continuously varying interaural phase differences.

1. We studied the response of single units in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICc) of the barn owl (Tyto alba) to continuously varying interaural phase differences (IPDs) and static IPDs. Interaural phase was varied in two ways: continuously, by delivering tones to each ear that varied by a few hertz (binaural beat, Fig. 1), and discretely, by delaying in fixed steps the phase of sound delivered to one ear relative to the other (static phase). Static presentations were repeated at several IPDs to characterize interaural phase sensitivity. 2. Units sensitive to IPDs responded to the binaural beat stimulus over a broad range of delta f(Fig. 4). We selected a 3-Hz delta f for most of our comparative measurements on the basis of constraints imposed by our stimulus generation system and because it allowed us to reduce the influence of responses to stimulus onset and offset (Fig. 3A). 3. Characteristic interaural time or phase sensitivity obtained by the use of the binaural beat stimulus were comparable with those obtained by the use of the static technique (Fig. 5; r2 = 0.93, Fig. 6). 4. The binaural beat stimulus facilitated the measurement of characteristic delay (CD) and characteristic phase (CP) of auditory units. We demonstrated that units in the owl's inferior colliculus (IC) include those that are maximally excited by specific IPDs (CP = 0 or 1.0) as well as those that are maximally suppressed by specific IPDs (CP = 0.5; Figs. 7 and 8). 5. The selectivity of units sensitive to IPD or interaural time difference (ITD) were weakly influenced by interaural intensity difference (IID). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Irritant contact dermatitis and chrome‐passivated metal

An outbreak of hand dermatitis is reported amongst employees working on a new assembly line of an electronics factory 24 out of 41 employees had signs of irritant contact dermatitis. The fingertips and the dorsal parts of the hands were especially affected. Mechanical factors in combination with zinc‐chromium compounds form galvanised steel seemed to be responsible for the dermatitis and the dry skin. The use of an emollient solved the problem.
Physisorbed Polymer-Tethered Lipid Bilayer with Lipopolymer Gradient

Physisorbed polymer-tethered lipid bilayers consisting of phospholipids and lipopolymers represent an attractive planar model membrane platform, in which bilayer fluidity and membrane elastic properties can be regulated through lipopolymer molar concentration. Herein we report a method for the fabrication of such a planar model membrane system with a lateral gradient of lipopolymer density. In addition, a procedure is described, which leads to a sharp boundary between regions of low and high lipopolymer molar concentrations. Resulting gradients and sharp boundaries are visualized on the basis of membrane buckling structures at elevated lipopolymer concentrations using epifluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Furthermore, results from spot photobleaching experiments are presented, which provide insight into the lipid lateral fluidity in these model membrane architectures. The presented experimental data highlight a planar, solid-supported membrane characterized by fascinating length scale-dependent dynamics and elastic properties with remarkable parallels to those observed in cellular membranes.
Development and Validation of a Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model of Lumbo-Pelvic-Femoral Complex

The study is to develop a three-dimensional finite element model to study the disease related to lumbo-pelvicfemoral complex. The CT images from the first lumbar vertebra to the upper third of femurs of a 25-years-old healthy male were obtained. Triangle mesh model was generated using these images by Simpleware. Then the whole solid model were set up after repair and optimization in Geomagic. The finite element model was established and analyzed using ABAQUS. The threedimensional finite element model of pelvis-lumbar-femur (3DFEMLPFC) had 106557 nodes and 435736 elements. The difference of anatomic shape between 3D-FEMLPFC and CT images was between -0.74 mm and 1.64 mm in absolute error, and between -1.39% and 3.16% in relative error. It was high similar with specimen in geometric shape. The stress distribution of 3D-FEMLPFC was the same as clinical observation and published literatures. It was valid and reasonable and could be used for biomechanical analysis. Keywordslumbar; pelvis; femur; lumbo-pelvic-femoral complex; finite element
The Fuzzy Cellular Urban Growth Model ( FCUGM ) for the City of Riyadh

The dynamics of urban growth are the direct consequence of the actions of individuals, and public and private organisations, which act to change the urban landscape simultaneously over space and time. Since previous urban form has a strong influence on the present, a prime concern of urban planners, spatial scientists and government authorities is to under‐ stand how a city has grown in the past in order to predict the growth of the city in the fu‐ ture. This requires flexible tools that allow planners to examine the impacts and potential consequences of applying different development policies, strategies and future plans [1]. However, traditional linear, static and top-down models are unable to adequately capture the processes underlying urban change. The non-linearity of spatial and temporal relation‐ ships and irregular, uncoordinated and uncontrolled local decision-making gives rise to seemingly coordinated global patterns that define the size and shape of cities in familiar ways [2-7]. Cities are now increasingly recognized as complex systems and display many of the characteristic traits of complexity, i.e. non-linearity, self-organization and emergence. Cellular Automata (CA) offer a modeling framework and a set of techniques for modelling the dynamic processes and outcomes of self-organizing systems [8-13]. Since the late 1980s they have demonstrated significant potential benefits for urban modelling through their simplicity, flexibility and transparency [8, 14-17]. CA are capable of generating complex pat‐ terns in aggregate form by using relatively simple local transition rules, i.e. by recursive de‐ velopment decisions being made at individual cells or sites [2, 15, 18]. However, cities are also influenced by global factors representing government polices (such as broader social, economic and technological factors). This has led to a number of hybrid-type urban growth models, which take into consideration local, regional and global factors [19-22]. When inte‐ grated with other technologies such as GIS and remote sensing, the potential of CA for geo‐
Modified Ilizarov Technique for Infected Nonunion of the Femur: The Principle of Distraction-Compression Osteogenesis

Purpose. To evaluate the treatment outcome of the modified Ilizarov technique in infected nonunion of the femur. Methods. Between 1989 and 2002, records of 20 patients with infected nonunion of the femur treated with the modified Ilizarov technique were retrospectively reviewed. The modified Ilizarov frame was fixed after necrectomy of the dead infected bone and tissues. A proximal or distal corticotomy was performed following biological principles. For regeneration of gap, segmental transport was performed in 11 patients with a gap of more than 5 cm; acute docking followed by lengthening at the corticotomy site was performed in 9 patients with a gap of smaller than 5 cm. Mobilisation was started early with active participation of the physical therapist and the patients. Bone and functional results were measured and complications were categorised according to the Association for the Study and Application of the Method of Ilizarov guidelines. Results. The mean follow-up period was 62.8 months. Bony union and eradication of the infection was achieved in all patients except one who underwent amputation due to uncontrolled infection. Bone results were excellent in 13 patients, good in 4, fair in one, poor in one, and treatment failure (amputation) in one. Functional results were excellent in 3 patients, good in 9, fair in 3, poor in 4, and failure in one. A total of 71 complications occurred: 35 problems, 6 obstacles, and 30 true complications. The mean healing index was 38.3 day/cm (standard deviation, 1.6 day/cm). Conclusion. The Ilizarov technique is a good salvage operation for infected nonunion of the femur. Limb salvage is preferable to prosthesis if the limb is viable, adequately innervated and the patient is mentally and financially committed to save the limb.
Mizoribine for crescentic glomerulonephritis with sarcoidosis: effectiveness not only for urinalysis abnormalities but also for hilar lymph node enlargement

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease related to helper T cell responses. We recently experienced the case of a 57-year-old woman with sarcoidosis complicated by crescentic glomerulonephritis with low levels of myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody. We herein describe the details of her clinical course and discuss the effectiveness of mizoribine, which has an immunosuppressive effect equivalent to that of mycophenolate mofetil, not only for urinalysis abnormalities but also for hilar lymph node enlargement.
A method for nanofluidic device prototyping using elastomeric collapse

Nanofluidics represents a promising solution to problems in fields ranging from biomolecular analysis to optical property tuning. Recently a number of simple nanofluidic fabrication techniques have been introduced that exploit the deformability of elastomeric materials like polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). These techniques are limited by the complexity of the devices that can be fabricated, which can only create straight or irregular channels normal to the direction of an applied strain. Here, we report a technique for nanofluidic fabrication based on the controlled collapse of microchannel structures. As is demonstrated, this method converts the easy to control vertical dimension of a PDMS mold to the lateral dimension of a nanochannel. We demonstrate here the creation of complex nanochannel structures as small as 60 nm and provide simple design rules for determining the conditions under which nanochannel formation will occur. The applicability of the technique to biomolecular analysis is demonstrated by showing DNA elongation in a nanochannel and a technique for optofluidic surface enhanced Raman detection of nucleic acids.