Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of Determinants Responsible for Low Mango Productivity in District Muzzafargarh, Pakistan

Mango which is also known as the king of fruits in the country is the second largest growing fruit after citrus in Pakistan. Although mango is being grown in more than hundred countries none of them is comparable to Pakistani mango which is famous for its unique taste all over the world. Pakistan’s per hectare production is much lower than its potential. The purpose of this study was to assess those factors which are preventing mango growers from getting its potential yield. For this major mango producing area, Muzzaffargarh was selected. The 110 randomly selected farmers were interviewed with a well-designed questionnaire. The mango growers were divided into three categories on the basis of landholding. The Cobb-Douglas model was used to assess the effect of different factors on the productivity. The education level and age of large farmers was found highest among small and medium farmers. Large farmers were enjoying significant high profit per acre with US$519.58 as compared to medium farmers (US$454.15) and small farmers (US$395.10). The independent variables were explaining almost 89 percent variation in productivity of mango. The significant positive effect of orchard experience, access to extension services, the quantity of NPK, quantity of pesticides and labour cost was found. The age and intercropping practices in mango orchard had a significant negative effect on mango production. Credit facilities must be made available at lower interest rate and the range of extension services must be enhanced to increase the productivity of mango.
Ecological barriers shaping fuel stores in barn swallows Hirundo rustica following the central and western Mediterranean flyways

The crossing of ecological barriers is among the most energy-demanding and risky phases of migration. Scanty field data exist on the relationships between ecological barriers and pre-migratory fuel storing in songbirds. The aim of this study was to analyse whether the distance to be covered across ecological barriers can be considered as a factor affecting pre-migratory fuel stores in barn swallows Hirundo rustica following the two main western European flyways, funnelling through Iberia and Italy. Data refer to 13029 swallows and were collected during July–October in 1997–1998 at 19 roost sites, scattered over Spain and Italy (south of 43°N). During the post-breeding phase (PB, July–August) energy stores did not differ significantly between the two geographical areas, whereas during the pre-migratory phase (PM, September–October) swallows in Italy carried larger energy stores than those in Spain. Assuming that swallows leave for migration from the fuelling site, we found a significant positive correlation between the width of ecological barriers and an average index of energy stores for each roost site during the PM phase. The width of ecological barriers (along a N-S migration route) was expressed as (1) the distance between the roost site and the coast of North Africa (representing the Mediterranean Sea), and (2) the distance between the roost site and the southern margin of the Sahara desert (the total width of ecological barriers). The weaker correlations obtained when considering only the Mediterranean as a barrier suggest that swallows may cross the desert without substantial refuelling in North Africa. Hence, we showed that fuel stores have a degree of population-specific variability among Italian and Iberian barn swallows and that the extension of ecological barriers may play a role in determining the amount of stores needed for the migratory flight.
How are Shorts Informed? Short Sellers, News, and Information Processing

We find that a substantial portion of short sellers’ trading advantage comes from their ability to analyze publicly available information. Using a database of short sales combined with a database of news releases, we show that the well-documented negative relation between short sales and future returns is twice as large on news days and four times as large on days with negative news. Further, we find that the most informed short sales are not from market makers but rather from clients, and we find only weak evidence that short sellers anticipate news events. Overall, the evidence suggests that public news provides valuable trading opportunities for short sellers who are skilled information processors.
Influence of river-ocean plumes upon bacterioplankton production of the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia

Stin~ulation in bacterioplankton glucose heterotrophic activities and productivities occurs when river water (Fraser, Squamish and Homathko-Southgate rivers) enter the saline surface waters of the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada. As the lower salinity water of the Fraser plume (ca. half of the fresh water flow into this Strait comes from this river) mixes into adjacent surface waters of the Strait, bacterioplankton production remains significant till the salinity exceeds ca. 20 % S. Since lower salinity water (i.e. 5 ca. 20 %o S) from rlver plumes covers extensive areas of the Strait of Georgia during the annual freshet (ca. April to July) there 1s a significant annual bacterial contribution to total microbial production within this estuarine ecosystem.
How Implementation of E-CRM May Enhance an Organization’s Internal and External Success

Due to recent advancements in information technology and communication, Electronic Customer Relationship Management has drawn the attention of many firms to achieve competitive advantages. Despite the increasing importance given to understanding their customers better, organizations find inconsistencies between information technology and the existing marketing strategies, when they come to decide upon implementing e-CRM, as well as lack of theoretical backgrounds for developing success measures in this domain. Therefore, this study deals with describing a model for successful e-CRM, using variables such as customer information quality, technology system, efficiency, customer satisfaction, and profitability. These constructs cover most of variables and concepts presented yet in theories of successful information systems and views about customer satisfaction. Ample empirical evidence is gained through this research from analyzing the outcomes of 309 questionnaires distributed to employees and customers of some automobile manufacturers having established e-CRM. The results of this study may open up new ways of applying concepts and relationship-oriented marketing models and e-CRM in automobile industry.
Work(ing) artefacts: Tools of the trade, totems or trophies?

Do workplace artefacts have utility for their custodians beyond the workplace context? A new materiality perspective allowed the conversation to move beyond the parameters of the organisation and into the private spheres of both practicing and retired para-professionals. In this study of chefs, we discover the deliberate acquisition of occupational artefacts beyond their organisational utility. These artefacts betray a post-occupational identity deeply revelatory of materiality. We ask in what ways are these artefacts symbolic, or totemic? Findings provide fresh insights into how artefacts are mobilised as reverent ‘working’ objects, as totems and trophies for nostalgia. This facilitates reflections on how work was or ought to be, and so in turn who or ‘what I am’ or ‘who I was’. Theoretically, this enables us to extend the nexus of materiality and work and materiality and everyday life over both time and place.
INFLUENCE OF IRRADIATION EXPOSURE TIME ON THE DEPTH CURE OF RESTORATIVE RESIN COMPOSITE

A study was conducted to evaluate the degree of conversion by the hardness measurements of a commercial resin composite. The specimens were prepared according to ISO 4049 and photo-activated for 20s – 40s – 60s with a light-emitting diodes (LEDs). To establish the optimal increment technique mono-layers 1 mm and 2 mm thick were tested. The ratio bottom-to-top was assessed for the mono-layers groups. Vickers hardness profiles were measured for mono-layer, bi-layer and tri-layer along the cross-section. The microhardness map showed difference in the mechanical characteristic of overlying resin confirmed by SEM images analysis of the fracture mechanics. Curing effectiveness of resin composite is not only dependent on the curing light unit but also from thickness of the resin composite and the duration of the exposure. The data suggest that an exposure time of 40 s or higher is required to provide composites with a homogeneous and high hardness, moreover, a 1 mm buildup multi-layering technique results in adequate curing of the bottom layer and better mechanical properties.
Evaluation of Particle Resuspension and Single-layer Rates with Exposure Time and Friction Velocity for Multilayer Deposits in a Turbulent Boundary Layer

The present work deals with the resuspension of small nondeformable particles from multilayer deposits in a turbulent boundary layer. A kinetic force-balance approach was adopted to model particle motion at the point of detachment, whereby intermolecular interactions were modeled by the Lennard-Jones potential. The rate of change of the number of particles was estimated for each discrete layer based on existing kinetic models. In particular, the kinetic equations of Lazaridis and Drossinos (1998), LD, and Friess and Yadigaroglu (2001), FY, were implemented and compared using lattice arranged deposits. The influence of exposure time and friction velocity was investigated through the obtained resuspension rates. It was found that the single-layer resuspension rates were substantially affected by the layer position within the deposit as well as considerably influenced by both the exposure time and the friction velocity. Moreover, the numerical results demonstrate that the LD kinetic estimates higher resuspension rates compared to the FY kinetic only for short exposures to the flow, predominantly due to a different expression for the fraction of exposed particles. In addition, the present study recognized the time dependence (i.e., a short-term vs. long-term regime) of the resuspension rate observed both experimentally (Wu et al., 1992; Wang et al., 2012) and by model predictions (Lazaridis and Drossinos, 1998; Friess and Yadigaroglu, 2001; Reeks and Hall, 2001) and confirmed the inverse dependence of the resuspension rate with time in long-term regime. Two regimes were also identified while evaluating the resuspension rate for a range of friction velocities, viz., a low-friction regime in which the resuspension rate increases with friction and a high-friction regime in which the opposite behaviour was observed.
The Development of Physical Fitness Education for Adolescents Based on the Establishment of Sports Power and Healthy in China

At present, with the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standard, people pay more and more attention to health. Physical fitness has been assessed in the body composition, cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle strength and muscle endurance and flexibility, which have the most closely related to human health. Based on the comparison of China and the United States, Japan and other countries of the development of adolescents 'fitness education, the comparative experiment with the focus of adolescents' physical fitness was constructed, which proved that the targeted development training was helpful to improve the development of fitness education for adolescents.
Ratios of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in Pseudomonas fluorescens as a model for bacterial element ratios and nutrient regeneration

Bactena play a sign~ficant role in the nutnent dynamics of p lankton~c systems, yet the11 nutrient demands are poorly known Heie, we charactenze the element latios of a common freshwater bactenum relative to growth rate and nutrient availability P s e ~ ~ d o m o n a s fluorescens was grown in chemostats at dilution rates of 0 03 0 06, and 0 09 h ' Phosphorus (P) was supplied at approximately 5 ~. IM and nitrogen (N) was supphed at varylng concentlatlons to establish resource molar-N P ratios (SNP) ranglng between 5 1 and 117 1 Carbon was supplied In excess Chemostats were sampled at steady state the element composition of cells (Q) was determined and element ratlos (C& , ) wele calculated QL was 7 6 l and varied little with respect to growth rate or the element composltlon of the medium In contrast Q N p was varlable and positively related to the SNP until an upper h m ~ t of -21 1 was attained at a SN p of 33 1 QC p mimicked QN P and was constrained by the flxed QC , P fluorescens appeared to have a high capaclty to accumulate P and the data suggested that the organism may be capable of ~ncorporating P above that required to meet metabolic demand ('luxury uptake ) Comparison of these data with previously published data revealed that the bactena have a much greater potential to adjust the11 QNp when the N P ratio of iesources supporting growth is low (N scarce) than when the ratio is hlgh (N abundant) The C N P ratio of bacteria was found to vary between 5 2 8 1 when N was scarce ~e l a t lve to P (N P < 40 1) to as h ~ g h as 163 25 1 when N was abundant relative to P (N P > 40 1) K E Y WORDS. Carbon . Nitrogen . Phosphorus . Nutrient regeneration
The role of precipitation variability on the ecohydrology of grasslands

Precipitation event timing and magnitude are important drivers of ecosystem processes and are instrumental in creating landscape heterogeneity. Ecosystems respond to precipitation and other driving variables at different spatial and temporal scales, which complicates understanding of the relationships that govern ecosystem conditions. To better characterize the ecosystem response, we present a low‐dimensional framework for simulating the influence of precipitation event timing and magnitude on grassland ecosystems, with particular focus on characterizing the temporal sensitivity of water and carbon fluxes to climate forcings and the feedback of water and carbon on soil moisture availability. Results show variation in daily through seasonal sensitivity of ecosystem water and carbon fluxes and identifies the way these sensitivities change at daily to annual timescales to shape long‐term ecosystem states. This provides for a better understanding of the nonlinearities inherent to ecosystem interactions during the growing season and provides assessment of the extent that precipitation variance has on grassland functioning and heterogeneity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Terziev, Momchil and Tezdogan, Tahsin and Oguz, Elif and Gourlay, Tim and Demirel, Yigit Kemal and Incecik, Atilla (2018) Numerical investigation of the behaviour and performance of ships advancing through restricted shallow waters. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 76

Upon entering shallow waters, ships experience a number of changes due to the hydrodynamic interaction between the hull and the seabed. Some of these changes are expressed in a pronounced increase in sinkage, trim and resistance. In this paper, a numerical study is performed on the Duisburg Test Case (DTC) container ship using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), the Slender-Body theory and various empirical methods. A parametric comparison of the behaviour and performance estimation techniques in shallow waters for varying channel cross-sections and ship speeds is performed. Themain objective of this research is to quantify the effect a step in the channel topography on ship sinkage, trim and resistance. Significant differences are shown in the computed parameters for the DTC advancing through dredged channels and conventional shallow water topographies. The different techniques employed show good agreement, especially in the low speed range. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
ANALYSIS OF YOUTUBE VIDEOS ABOUT ADVERSE HEALTH EVENTS ANÁLISE DE VÍDEOS DO YOUTUBE SOBRE EVENTOS ADVERSOS EM SAÚDE ANÁLISIS DE VIDEOS DE YOUTUBE SOBRE EVENTOS

This was an exploratory study with a quantitative approach carried out on the YouTube video sharing website. It aimed at analyzing videos from YouTube about adverse health events identifying the existence of relationships to patient safety. The search of videos was performed in December of 2013, on the YouTube website by combining “patient safety and adverse events”. Thirteen videos were analyzed according to the indicators: duration; author; date of posting; total views; category; approach; focus; health professionals cited; type of adverse health event approached; causes; consequences; prevention strategies; and relationships with patient safety. Despite the incipient number of videos being elucidated, considering the actual relevance of the subject, they highlighted the relationship between patient safety and adverse health event, focusing on prevention strategies.
The East Asian development state as a reference model for transition economies in Central Asia - an analysis of institutional arrangements and exogeneous constraints

The paper addresses the relevance of the institutio nal arrangements in the high performing East Asian economies for the transition countries in Cen tral Asia. It is argued that the emerging economies of East Asia could serve as a more suitable reference model for economic policy in Central Asia than the developed Western economies. It seems unlikely that democratization and other political reforms that were carried out simultaneously with the economic t ransition in the other former command economies will take place in any Central Asian country in the near future. Policy recommendations and theoretica l models that were developed on the basis of the inst itutions of liberal democracies may therefore not b e feasible in Central Asia. The high performing econo mies of East Asia provide an alternative reference model. The draft of a coherent and comprehensive model of the East Asian developmental state on the basis of the new institutional economics is develop ed in this paper. Thereafter, this model is applied to Central Asia through a comparative study of this re gion and the reference economies in East Asia.
In vitro plant regeneration of 4 Capsicum spp. genotypes using different explant types.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of in vitro regeneration of 4 genotypes of pepper (Capsicum spp.) that differ in origin and functional properties: California Wonder, (ATZ × Sono)F1, Jalapeno, and SF-9. In order to investigate the effect of the initial explant type, photoperiod, and presence of 2.0 mg L-1 of glycine in the medium, organogenesis was induced on the MS medium with 2.0 g L-1 2-(N-morpholine) ethanesulfonic acid, 1.7 mg L-1 AgNO3, 0.4 mg L-1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and 6.0 mg L-1 6-benzyladenine. The effectiveness of organogenesis in the 3 genotypes representing C. annuum L. was similar and considerably lower for line SF9 derived from an interspecific hybrid (C. frutescens L. × C. annuum L.). The highest number of adventitious leaves was recorded in the decapitated seedlings exposed to continuous light. The lack of glycine in the medium favored direct organogenesis. A simultaneous formation of adventitious leaves with a stable number of chromosomes and mixoploid callus tissue was determined by flow cytometry. The successive stage of foliaged shoots and roots formation was most effective in the MS medium with 1.1 mg L-1 IAA. The use of these optimal conditions resulted in developing 42%-56% of properly formed diploid plantlets, successfully acclimatized in 86%-97%.
Cultural differences in the use of mobile devices

This paper aims at giving answers to the question of how and why mobile device usage patterns differ in China, Germany and the United States of America. Triangulation was chosen as the appropriate research method: qualitative date from focus groups is complemented with quantitative date from an online questionnaire. Firstly, a short overview over past research results on psychological differences between people from different cultures is given. Then, qualitative data gathered in focus groups is presented. Quantitative data on mobile device usage patterns from an online questionnaire in the three countries is presented. About 300 questionnaires were completed and evaluated. Many statistically significant effects from the quasi-variable culture could be found. For example, although almost all participants from all three cultures use mobile devices for communication purposes, the usage frequencies of other functions differ strongly. Cultures differ also in the acceptance of autonomous interventions by a technical system. Probable explanations for these differences and their consequences on HMI design are discussed.
State dependence in labor market fluctuations: evidence, theory, and policy implications

This paper documents state dependence in labor market fluctuations. Using a Threshold Vector-Autoregression model, we establish that the unemployment rate, the job separation rate and the job finding rate exhibit a larger response to productivity shocks during periods with low aggregate productivity. A Diamond-Mortensen-Pissarides model with endogenous job separation and on-the-job search replicates these empirical regularities well. The transition rates into and out of employment embed state dependence through the interaction of reservation productivity levels and the distribution of match-specific idiosyncratic productivity. State dependence implies that the effect of labor market reforms is different across phases of the business cycle. A permanent removal of layoff taxes is welfare enhancing in the long run, but it involves distinct short-run costs depending on the initial state of the economy. The welfare gain of a tax removal implemented in a low-productivity state is 4.9 percent larger than the same reform enacted in a state with high aggregate productivity.
Study on the effects of transformational leadership by managers and organizational justice consciousness on organizational citizenship behaviour of high-tech electronics industry in Taiwan

The high-tech electronics industry can make an important contribution to the enhancement of Taiwan’s technological standards and international competitive advantage. Under the pressures of business production performance and operations, it cannot ignore an important task for managers in Taiwan’s high-tech electronics industry that they should adopt appropriate leadership patterns, fair mechanism of construction organization, and inspire organizational citizenship behaviours in employees. On the basis of this assumption, this research is used by means of a questionnaire and to study on the effects of transformational leadership by managers and organizational justice consciousness on organizational citizenship behaviour in Taiwan’s high-tech electronics industry. Generally speaking, the research results showed that managers run transformational leadership which is unnoticeable and have low-level of organizational justice, then the organizational citizenship behaviour of their organizations’ members will be low, causing negative behaviours, such as a decrease in the centripetal force toward the company, job involvement and productivity and an increase in the turnover rate. On the contrary, managers run transformational leadership which is noticeable and have high-level of organizational justice, then the organizational citizenship behaviour of their organizations’ members will be strong, thereby having a strong centripetal force toward the company, which is also beneficial to a company’s operational performance and enhancement of productivity performance. Key words: Transformational leadership, organizational justice consciousness, organizational citizenship behaviour.