Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, Characterisation and Distribution Of Enterococcus Species From Various Clinical Samples In A Teritary Care Hospital in Chennai, India

Introduction Enterococci, though considered less virulent are notorious to cause various clinical infections like urinary tract infections, endocarditis, intraabdominal infections pelvic and neonatal infections. Enterococci tend to be the leading causes of nosocomial infections with E.faecium and E.faecalis accounting upto 90% of clinical isolates. Thus proper identification of enterococci to special level is crucial for management and prevention of these bacteria in any healthcare facility. Aims and Objectives To process several clinical samples obtained from various departments in our hospital, for the isolation of enterococcus spp. To know the prevalence of enterococcal infections in our hospital and To speciate the isolated enterococci from clinical samples Materials and Methods A total of 1164 samples were collected from the patients across all age groups. Clinical specimens such as urine, pus, blood, body tissues, peritoneal fluid and Endotracheal aspirate were included in our study. All the specimens brought to the laboratory were subjected to the following tests: A preliminary macroscopic and microscopic examination of specimens. Specimens were processed by inoculation onto 5% sheep blood agar, Macconkey agar, CHROM agar and Thioglycollate and Brain heart infusion broths . The inoculated media were incubated at 37 c overnight and observed for growth. Preliminary identification of Enterococci was made on taking into account of their typical morphology on gram staining, Bile esculin test ,PYR hydrolysis ,Heat and salt tolerance tests. Further identification to species level was achieved with the battery of biochemical reactions, motility and pigment tests Results A total of 1164 samples were collected from the patients and processed for study purpose. Among these only 849 (72.93%) were culture positive and included E.coli, S.aureus, K.pneumoniae, P.aeruginosa and Enterococcus spp. Prevalence of enterococci in clinical samples were 128 (15.07%). Distribution of enterococci in clinical samples, The maximum number of Enterococcal isolates were from urine (54.68%). The rest of the isolates were from pus (32.81%),Blood (5.46%),Tissue (3.12%), Peritoneal fluid (3.12%) each. Endotracheal tube tip (0.78%). Species of enterococci , 97 isolates were identified as E.faecalis (75.78%) and 31 isolates (24.21%) as E.faecium . Conclusion Precise identification of Enterococcus to species level is not only important to assess species specific antimicrobial resistance characteristics but also quintessential to know the epidemiological pattern of enterococcal infection and their significance in causation of human infections.
Stability of coda wave attenuation during the Loma Prieta, California, earthquake sequence

The Loma Prieta, California, earthquake occurred in a densely instrumented region with a history of microearthquake recording beginning more than a decade before the October 1989 mainshock. This affords an unprecedented opportunity to detect changes in seismic wave propagation in the Earth's crust associated with a major earthquake. In this study we use pairs of nearly identical earthquakes (doublets) to search for temporal changes of coda attenuation in the vicinity of the Loma Prieta earthquake. We analyze 21 earthquake doublets recorded from 1978 to 1991 that span the preseismic, coseismic, and postseismic intervals and measure the change in coda Q using a running window ratio of the doublet spectral amplitudes in three frequency bands from 2 to 15 Hz. This method provides an estimate of changes in coda Q that is insensitive to other factors that influence coda amplitudes. Our observations place an upper bound of about 5% on preseismic, coseismic, and postseismic changes of coda Q in the epicentral region of the Loma Prieta earthquake. Even at this low level, the changes are neither spatially coherent nor correlated between adjacent frequency bands. The only hint of a signal is in the preseismic data where there is a possible precursory increase in coda Q of approximately 5% in the two years before the mainshock. The stability of coda Q throughout the Loma Prieta sequence is in sharp contrast to other studies that have reported much larger precursory changes in coda Q for other earthquakes.
Noon ionospheric signatures of a sudden commencement following a solar wind pressure pulse

The CUTLASS SuperDARN radars are supported by the Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC) in the UK, the Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala, and the Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki. The research at CETP was supported by Institut National des Sciences de l’Univers (INSU) in France. We thank R. Lepping and K. Ogilvie for providing respectively the Wind solar wind IMF and plasma data through the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb). We thank D. Hardy, F. Rich and P. Newell for the use of DMSP particle data. The IMAGE magnetometer data are provided through the Finnish Meteorological Institute, and the Hermanus magnetometer data are provided through the World Data Center for Geomagnetism in Kyoto.
Interference of Listonella anguillarum with potential probiotic microorganisms isolated from farmed gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata ,L.)

Four isolates obtained from gilthead seabream have been tested for their adhesion to the skin, gill and intestinal mucus of gilthead seabream, and for their ability to interfere with Listonella anguillarum ,a n important pathogen of farmed gilthead seabream. The ability to adhere to mucus was higher than 7% for all isolates. Three isolates showed an antagonistic eiect against some of the pathogenic strains tested. They were assayed to interfere with the attachment of L. anguillarum to the mucus of gilthead seabream. Only two isolates signi¢cantly reduced the adhesion of L. anguillarum to all of the mucus assayed under exclusion, competition and displacement conditions. According to the criteria applied, the isolate Pdp11 was selected and its in vivo probiotic potential was assessed by oral administration followed by challenge with the pathogen L. anguillarum. For the feeding trial, a group of 50 gilthead seabreams received a commercial diet supplemented with lyophilized10 8 CFU g 1 of this isolate for 15 days. An other group of similar characteristics received the non-supplemented commercial diet. After the challenge, the mortality of the ¢sh receiving the diet supplemented with the potential probiotic was signi¢cantly lower than that observed in the groups of ¢sh receiving the non-supplemented commercial diet.
Appl. Entomol. Zool. 41 (1): 87–91 (2006)

Time-temperature-mortality relationships for egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages of the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne were investigated to determine disinfesting conditions for stored tobacco. Susceptibility to low temperatures changed according to the developmental stage. Eggs were most susceptible to low temperatures that were higher than 5°C. Larvae acquired cold tolerance during exposure to 15°C for 1 mo. These acclimated larvae were the most tolerant of all. LT99 values of acclimated larvae were calculated as 7.2 h at 15°C, 23.7 h at 10°C, 376 h at 5°C, 1,140 h at 0°C, and 1,880 h at 5°C. As the most susceptible stage, egg susceptibility to moderately low temperatures (16–20°C) was specifically examined. At 20°C, most eggs ( 80%) normally hatched within 4 wk, but all eggs died within 6 wk at temperatures less than 18°C. This fact indicates that the reproductive cycle can be blocked at temperatures less than 18°C, and that tobacco stored in such conditions will never become infested, even if eggs are deposited by invading adults. Consequently, if the tobacco temperature is reduced to 5°C for 3 mo in winter and is subsequently maintained below 18°C throughout the rest of the year, tobacco can become and remain pest-free without any chemical control.
Working on the 'Mommy-Track': Motherhood and Women Lawyers

This Article examines the effects of motherhood on the careers of women lawyers and the efficacy of the 'mommy-track' as a means of ameliorating these effects. Part I examines the current position of women in the legal profession. Part II examines the nature of 'motherhood' and the risk/benefit function of 'mommy-tracking. ' Part III analyzes the 'mommy-track' from the perspective of feminist jurisprudence. Finally, Part IV examines issues related to workplace transformation. It is the position of this paper that 'mommy-tracking' reinforces undesirable stereotypes. Ironically, this apparent 'solution' actually forestalls the transformations, at home and at work, which could enable women to choose both motherhood and career. Thus, 'mommy-tracking' both results from and perpetuates gender inequality because women, unlike men, still pay the cost of parenthood with their careers.
Non-exponential hydrodynamical growth in density-stratified thin Keplerian discs

The short time evolution of three-dimensional small perturbations is studied. Exhibiting spectral asymptotic stability, thin discs are none the less shown to host intensive hydrodynamical activity in the shape of non-modal growth of initial small perturbations. Two mechanisms that lead to such behaviour are identified and studied, namely, non-resonant excitation of vertically confined sound waves by stable planar inertia-coriolis modes that results in linear growth with time, as well as resonant coupling of those two modes that leads to a quadratic growth of the initial perturbations. It is further speculated that the non-modal growth can give rise to secondary stratorotational instabilities and thus lead to a new route to turbulence generation in thin discs.
Investigating Bullying as a Violation of Human Rights among Students in Ghanaian Senior High Schools

This study examined bullying as a form of violence among Ghanaian Senior High School students. The problem identified was that notwithstanding Ghana Government`s intervention in promoting and defending children`s rights through Human Rights Education, coupled with the remarkable efforts being made by non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and civil society organisations (CSOs) in enlightening the citizenry of their rights and freedoms, much violence is prevalent among students in Ghana. The main purpose of the study was to ascertain the extent to which students violate the fundamental human rights and freedoms of their fellow students. Descriptive survey and quasi-experimental pre-test/ post-test control group design were adopted for the study. Multi-stage sampling technique was applied to arrive at a sample of 180 for the study. Questionnaire was the main instrument used to collect the data. The test-retest method was employed to determine the reliability of the instrument. The data collected were subjected to both descriptive and inferential statistics. The research question raised for the study was analyzed using frequency distribution and percentages. The hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance, using a one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The findings of the study revealed that the treatment package administered to the experimental group produced a positive effect because bullying diminished among the participants who were exposed to treatment than those in the control group. It is, therefore, recommended that co-operative and pro-social ways of thinking must be promoted among students. In this way, the school ethos which contains elements that often foster intimidatory behaviours can be changed. Keywords : Bullying. Violence. Violation. Human Rights. Human Rights Culture.
To Group or Not to Group? Evidence from Mutual Fund Databases

Despite the overwhelming trend in mutual funds toward team management, empirical studies find no performance benefits for this phenomenon. We show it is caused by large discrepancies in reported managerial structures in Center for Research in Security Prices and Morningstar Principia data sets versus U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission records, resulting in up to 50-basis-points underestimation of the team impact on fund returns. Using more accurate Morningstar Direct data, we find that team-managed funds outperform single-managed funds across various performance metrics. The relation between team size and fund performance is nonlinear. Also, team-managed funds take on no more risk than single-managed funds. Overall, team management benefits fund industry performance.
DYNAMISM AND BUSINESS SURVIVAL

The paper uses a unique dataset comprising the population of new ventures that enter the UK market in 1998. We argue that we would expect the effect of market concentration on firm survival to be different according to whether an industry is static (low entry and exit) or dynamic. In our empirical analysis we find support for this hypothesis. Industry concentration rates reduce the survival of new plants but only in markets marked by low entry and exit rates. Specifically, a 10 percent increase in the 5-firm concentration ratio or the Herfindahl index in a dynamic market, raises the survival rate of new ventures by approximately 2 percent. Our results suggest greater leniency towards more dominant firms in industries showing buoyant entry and exit rates.
CHANGES IN PERIPHYTIC CILIATE DENSITIES WITH TROPHIC STATUS IN TWO SHALLOW LAKES

Periphytic ciliate communities were investigated in two lakes of different trophic status of the Łeczynsko-Wlodawskie Lake District (eastern Poland). The periphyton was collected from the reed stems at a depth of 25–50 cm. Sampling was done in spring, summer and autumn 2010. Four three ciliate taxa occurred in the studied lakes. Numbers of periphytic ciliates of reed surface significantly differed between the studied lakes, with the lowest numbers in the eutrophic lake (37 species), and the highest in the hypertrophic lake (40 species). The same distribution pattern was observed to ciliates abundance. Generally, the abundance of ciliates was positively correlated with total organic carbon, nutrients and chlorophyll a. However, the number of significant correlations between the numbers of ciliates and environmental variables was different in the studied lakes. In the eutrophic lake, the density of ciliates was strongly correlated with the concentrations of chlorophyll a and total organic carbon; whereas in hypertrophic lake, density of ciliates correlated with concentrations of ammonium-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen and total phosphorus.
Realizing time crystals in discrete quantum few-body systems

The exotic phenomenon of time translation symmetry breaking under periodic driving - the time crystal - has been shown to occur in many-body systems even in clean setups where disorder is absent. In this work, we propose the realization of time-crystals in few-body systems, both in the context of trapped cold atoms with strong interactions and of a circuit of superconducting qubits. We show how these two models can be treated in a fairly similar way by adopting an effective spin chain description, to which we apply a simple driving protocol. We focus on the response of the magnetization in the presence of imperfect pulses and interactions, and show how the results can be interpreted, in the cold atomic case, in the context of experiments with trapped bosons and fermions. Furthermore, we provide a set of realistic parameters for the implementation of the superconducting circuit.
Spatial and temporal dynamics of phytoplankton communities in a Great Lakes drowned river-mouth lake (Mona Lake, USA)

Drowned-river mouth lakes, transitional zones between a lake and an inflowing river, have unique physical and hydrological dynamics. However, our knowledge about these ecosystems and their phytoplankton communities is limited by data availability, especially how well they conform to conventional phytoplankton models, such as the Plankton Ecology Group (PEG). We sampled Mona Lake, MI, on a monthly basis between May 2002 and August 2003 to: i) describe phytoplankton community structure (species composition and functional groups) in three hydrologic zones (Great Lake-influenced, transitional, and lotic-influenced) and at four temporal scales (spring, summer, fall, and winter); and ii) assess whether the phytoplankton dynamics in Mona Lake can be explained by PEG. Distinct patterns in Mona Lake phytoplankton communities and functional groups were not evident among the three hydrologic zones, which can be explained, at least in part, by the horizontally well-mixed waters in this system. However, there was a strong seasonal change in phytoplankton composition and functional groups, with summer dominance by large filamentous cyanobacteria with aerotopes, nitrogen-fixing Nostocaleans, and diatoms. In general, seasonal changes were related to increasing levels of dissolved oxygen and pH in spring, total phosphorus and temperature in summer, and ammonia in fall. Phytoplankton dynamics in Mona Lake were partially explained by the PEG model; our observations revealed different fall (cyanobacteria and chlorophytes) and winter (chlorophytes and dinoflagellates) communities than predicted. Temporal influence resulted in distinct changes in phytoplankton dynamics, whereas the hydrologic influence tended to homogenize phytoplankton community structure in this drowned river-mouth lake. This seasonal change conformed relatively well to the PEG model, which might have predictive applications in the management ( e.g ., control of algal blooms) of the lake.
Effects of Alternative Oil Sources on Growth Performance, Lipid Metabolism and mRNA level of Some Genes in Juvenile Black Sea Trout ( Salmo trutta labrax Pallas,1811)

Black Sea trout (Salmo trutta labrax Pallas,1811) fed with diets based on 100% fish oil (FO), 67-33%, 50-50% and 3367% soybean oil-linseed oil (SO-LO) during 90 days were affected in terms of weigth gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and hepatosomatix index significantly (P<0.05) while the survival rate was not affected at all. Tissue fatty acid profiles of the individuals were affected by the degree of dietary treatments (P<0.05). For instance, the highest linoleic acid (18:2n-6, LA) content of the muscle and liver tissues were exhibited in the group fed with 67-33 % SO-LO diet, where the highest linolenic acid (18:3n-3, LNA) was detected in the group fed with 33-67% SO-LO diet (P<0.05). In contrast to linoleic and linolenic acids, the highest values of palmitic (18:0), eicosepentaoneic (20:5n-3, EPA) and docohecsaenoic acids (22:6n-3, DHA) were indicated in group fed with fish oil based diet (P<0.05). Gene expression of desaturase in the muscle and liver tissues of individuals fed with 33-67% SO-LO included feeds were higher than those fed with FO. Similarly, gene expression of elongase both in the liver and muscle in individuals fed with (50-50% SO-LO, 33-67% SO-LO) and (50-50% SO-LO, 67-33% SO-LO) respectively were higher than those fed with FO. As a result, it was determined that use of 50-50% SO-LO in Black Sea trout diets is acceptable without an adverse effect on growth and feed conversion, and also this species have a capability of conversion 18:2n-6 to 20:4n-6 and 18:3n-3 to 22:6n-3.
Endogenous fluctuations in a cournotian monopolistic competition model with free entry and market power variability

Abstract The purpose of this article is to show that there is a link between imperfections of competition and occurrence of endogenous fluctuations. We consider a two-sector model in which a perfectly competitive final good sector uses inputs that are produced in a Cournot monopolistic competition market. We show that when inputs are not perfect substitutes, and the depreciation rate of capital is sufficiently small, Neimark bifurcations are susceptible to emerge. This is a consequence of additional variability in the dynamical system generated by the dependence of the markup on the number of firms. This number changes over time because firms can enter and exit the market without costs. Moreover, a fixed cost in the technology ensures that the number of active firms at a given date is finite provided that the elasticity of substitution between inputs is bounded from above.
Realistic Simulations on Reverse Junction Characteristics of SiC and GaN Power Semiconductor Devices

This paper presents a practical methodology for realistic simulation on reverse characteristics of Wide Bandgap (WBG) SiC and GaN p-n junctions. The adjustment on certain physic-based model parameters, such as the trap density and photo-generation for SiC junction, and impact ionization coefficients and critical field for GaN junction are described. The adjusted parameters were used in Synopsys Medici simulation to obtain a realistic p-n junction avalanche breakdown voltage. The simulation results were verified through benchmarking against independent data reported by others.
Carbon uptake and air pollution mitigation of different Evergreen shrub species

Three independent experiments assessed CO 2 assimilation and metals leaf deposition of seven evergreen shrub species ( tinus subsp. L., and Viburnum tinus subsp. tinus L.). CO 2 assimilation and carbon allocation were determined in 2011 (Exp. 1) under optimal water availability and in 2012 (Exp. 2) under drought on potted plants. A third experiment (Exp. 3) measured seasonal leaf depositions of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in 2011 on plants transplanted in proximity of a four-lane road. E . × ebbingei showed the highest CO 2 assimilation under optimal water availability but one of the lowest under drought (Exp. 1, 2). Conversely, P . × fraseri had intermediate CO 2 assimilation but it declined less during drought compared to the other species. In Experiment 3, E . × ebbingei showed the highest metal deposition, mainly due to its greater leaf area. Greater rainfall and RH% decreased metal depositions, whilst greater wind velocity and air temperature increased leaf depositions. Species which drasti-cally reduce CO 2 assimilation under drought ( V . tinus subsp. lucidum , L. japonicum , E . × ebbingei ) are not recommended in drought-prone environments, where drought-tolerant “mesic” species ( P . × fraseri ), should be preferred. E . × ebbingei could be used to optimize deposition of metals. The three experiments provide useful insights especially about CO 2 assimilation (Exp. 1, 2) and air pollution mitigation (Exp. 3) of widely used shrubs for application in urban areas and planning of roadside greening in southern Europe. Résumé. Trois expériences indépendantes ont évalué l'assimilation du CO 2 et le dépôt de métaux sur les feuilles de sept espèces d'arbustes à feuilles persistantes ( Arbutus unedo L., Elaeag- nus × ebbingei L., Laurus nobilis L., Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., Photinia × fraseri Dress., Viburnum tinus subsp. lucidum L. et le Vi- burnum tinus subsp. tinus L.). L'assimilation du CO 2 et l'allocation du carbone ont été caractérisées sur des plants en pot sous des con- ditions optimales de disponibilité en eau en 2011 (Exp. 1) et sous des conditions de sécheresse en 2012 (Exp. 2). Une troisième ex- périence (Exp. 3) a mesuré le dépôt saisonnier sur les feuilles de Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb et Zn en 2011 sur des plantes transplantées à proximité d'une route à quatre voies.