Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Loss of TP53I11 Enhances the Extracellular Matrix‐independent Survival by Promoting Activation of AMPK

Extracellular matrix (ECM)‐independent survival is an essential prerequisite for tumor metastasis, and a hallmark of epithelial cancer stem cells and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we found that loss of TP53I11 enhanced, and overexpression of TP53I11 suppressed the ECM‐independent survival, EMT, and migration in MCF10A cells. TP53I11 has long been considered as a transcriptional target of TP53. However, we found that TP53I11 regulated the ECM‐independent survival by a TP53‐independent way. As a metabolic sensor, AMPK promoted anoikis resistance by inhibiting AKT/m‐TOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. It was recently revealed that the reciprocal inhibitory relationship between AKT and AMPK regulated adaptation of cells to ECM‐detachment. Our results demonstrated that loss of TP53I11 promoted the activation of AKT/m‐TOR pathway, increased PGC‐1α expression and thereby enhanced OXPHOS in attach‐cultured MCF10A cells, but promoted AMPK activation to inhibit AKT/m‐TOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in detach‐cultured MCF10A cells. This indicates that TP53I11 functions as a mediator to balance activation of AKT and AMPK to adapt cells to different cellular contexts such as ECM‐attachment and ‐detachment. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(1):183–191, 2019
Cigarette: The GATT non-discrimination clause

This article seeks to understand how dispute occurs between Indonesia and other countries (i.e. Australia and the United States of America) concerning the clove cigarettes, which involves the cigarette company from Indonesia. Using an interpretive-inductive research method, we draw on cases studies from international dispute settlement to understand how the international trade takes place. The results indicate that dispute settlement system allows the developing countries to transform the diplomatic resolution of the case with legal guidance to a quasi-judicialized system to avoid “trade wars”. Keywords—dispute settlement; cigarette; anti-discrimination
You May Not Need Attention

In NMT, how far can we get without attention and without separate encoding and decoding? To answer that question, we introduce a recurrent neural translation model that does not use attention and does not have a separate encoder and decoder. Our eager translation model is low-latency, writing target tokens as soon as it reads the first source token, and uses constant memory during decoding. It performs on par with the standard attention-based model of Bahdanau et al. (2014), and better on long sentences.
Effect of preheating on the maintenance of body temperature in surgical patients: a randomized clinical trial*

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effect of preheating on the maintenance of body temperature of patients submitted to elective gynecological surgeries. Method: eighty-six patients were randomized, without blinding, to receive usual care (heating with a cotton sheet and blanket) or preheating with a forced air system for 20 minutes (38°C). All patients were actively heated during the intraoperative period. Data were collected from admission of the patient in the surgical center until the end of the surgery. Body temperature was measured during the preoperative and intraoperative periods with an infrared tympanic thermometer. A thermo-hygrometer was used to monitor air temperature and humidity of the operating room. Results: data indicated homogeneity between the groups investigated. There was no statistically significant difference between groups after preheating (p = 0.27). At the end of the surgery, the mean temperature of the groups studied was the same (36.8°C), with a statistically non-significant difference (p = 0.66). Conclusion: preheating with the heated forced air system had a similar effect to the usual care in the body temperature of patients submitted to elective gynecological surgeries. ClinicalTrials.gov n. NCT02422758. CAAE, n. 38320814.2. 0000.5393.
Circulating Plasma miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Obtained by High-Throughput Real-Time PCR Profiling

Background: Because of limited stability and sensitivity, circulating miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers have not so far been used for early diagnosis and prognosis of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in clinic. Therefore, it is imperative to find more reliable biomarker(s). Methods: We performed one of most sensitive qRT-PCR assays, S-Poly(T) Plus, to select differently expressed miRNAs from genome-wide miRNA profiling. miRNA candidates were validated through a three-phase selection and two validation processes with 437 NSCLC cases and 415 controls. Results: A unique set of 7 and 9 miRNAs differed significantly in adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) samples compared with those in controls, of which, there were 5 universal biomarkers for NSCLC (ADC or SCC). Ten of 11 miRNAs could discriminate early stage (stage I) of NSCLC from healthy individuals. Risk score was obtained from the validation set-1 and was tested using the ROC curves with a high area under ROC curve of 0.89 in ADC and 0.96 in SCC. Ultimately, potential biomarkers and the risk score were verified by the validation set-2 with a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 91.6% in ADC, and a sensitivity of 98.5% and a specificity of 51.5% in SCC, respectively. Conclusions: Taken together, 7 miRNAs and 9 miRNAs may provide noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in ADC and SCC, respectively. Impact: On the basis of our sensitive and accurate method, we hope that these candidate miRNAs may have strong impact on the early lung cancer diagnosis.
Collective decision making by rational individuals

Significance Humans and animals use the decisions they observe others making as valuable information about the quality of potential choices. We anticipate that behavioral rules that better approximate the decisions of a rational, expected fitness-maximizing agent will be favored by natural selection. In this paper I show that many aspects of collective decision making can be predicted through considering what a rational agent would do. I also show that a theory of strictly rational agents explains much of the variability between and within species and makes sometimes counterintuitive predictions that can be experimentally tested. Most importantly, my model shows that how collective decision making is observed and measured is critically important in interpreting and understanding behavior. The patterns and mechanisms of collective decision making in humans and animals have attracted both empirical and theoretical attention. Of particular interest has been the variety of social feedback rules and the extent to which these behavioral rules can be explained and predicted from theories of rational estimation and decision making. However, models that aim to model the full range of social information use have incorporated ad hoc departures from rational decision-making theory to explain the apparent stochasticity and variability of behavior. In this paper I develop a model of social information use and collective decision making by fully rational agents that reveals how a wide range of apparently stochastic social decision rules emerge from fundamental information asymmetries both between individuals and between the decision makers and the observer of those decisions. As well as showing that rational decision making is consistent with empirical observations of collective behavior, this model makes several testable predictions about how individuals make decisions in groups and offers a valuable perspective on how we view sources of variability in animal, and human, behavior.
Border Crossing and the Logics of Space: A Case Study in Pro-Environmental Practices

We investigate whether and how workers in a transnational oil corporation carry practices, meanings, and identities between the places of work and home, focusing on environmental and health and safety practices, in order to understand the larger question, how can environmentally relevant practices be generalized in society at large? Our theoretical starting point is that societal institutions function according to different logics (Thornton et al., 2012) and the borders (Clark, 2000) between these institutions create affordances and constraints on the transfer of practices between these places. By connecting their theoretical ideas, we suggest that these provide an alternative critique and explanatory account of the transfer of environmental practices between home and work than a “spillover” approach. We employ life history interviews to explore the development and complexity of the causes, justifications, and legitimations of people’s actions, social relationships, and the structural constraints which govern relationships between these spaces. While Clark’s concepts of permeable, strong, or blended borders are useful heuristic tools, people may simultaneously strengthen, transgress, or blend the borders between work and home in terms of practices, meanings, identities, or institutional logics. Individuals have to be understood as creators of the border crossing process, which is why their life histories and the ways in which their identities and their attachments to places (i.e., institutions) are shaped by the logics of these places are important. For environmental practices to travel from work to home, they need to become embedded in a company culture that allows their integration into workers’ identities.
Expression and the potential functions of TRIM32 in lung cancer tumorigenesis

TRIM32 is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family, which has been associated with tumorigenesis. However, its expression and potential functional role(s) in lung cancer progression have not been fully understood. To evaluate the relationship between the expression of TRIM32 and the prognosis of patients with lung cancer, an independent data set (The Human Protein Atlas website) was introduced. The expression and function analysis of TRIM32 in lung cancer cell lines were also performed by using cell counting kit‐8, flow cytometry, transwell, real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Our data showed that TRIM32 was overexpressed in lung cancer tissues and cell lines and was associated with a poor prognosis. TRIM32 silencing inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, adhesion, and the activation of janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling. The results showed knockdown of TRIM32 in NCI‐H446 cells also inhibited cell growth in nude mice in the xenograft model. Additionally, TRIM32 overexpression promoted lung cancer cell proliferation and motility and mediated the expression of Bax, Bcl‐2, cleaved caspase‐3, matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) and MMP‐9 were inhibited by JAK2/STAT3 signaling inhibitor (AG490). Taken together, our findings suggest that TRIM32 may regulate lung cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and motility through activating the JAK2/STAT3‐signaling pathway and may be a novel and promising target for lung cancer.
Discs large 1 controls daughter-cell polarity after cytokinesis in vertebrate morphogenesis

Significance An integrative approach is presented for studying cell biology in vivo, assessing protein dynamics and cell behavior, and offering in situ analyses of cytokinesis, daughter-cell polarity, and stereotyped tissue morphogenesis. Tagging endogenous Discs Large 1 (Dlg1) in cartilage using intrabody technology permits in situ 3D time-lapse imaging and reveals Dlg1 enrichment at the midbody during cytokinesis. Functional significance is tested by disrupting Dlg1 multimerization and its midbody localization by using an ablating intrabody, DLGE3. Building on prior work on Dlg1 in epithelia, our work reveals that Dlg1 propagates cell polarity in proliferative mesenchymal tissues and suggests that multiple mechanisms act in concert at distinct phases of the cell cycle to transmit and maintain cell polarity. Vertebrate embryogenesis and organogenesis are driven by cell biological processes, ranging from mitosis and migration to changes in cell size and polarity, but their control and causal relationships are not fully defined. Here, we use the developing limb skeleton to better define the relationships between mitosis and cell polarity. We combine protein-tagging and -perturbation reagents with advanced in vivo imaging to assess the role of Discs large 1 (Dlg1), a membrane-associated scaffolding protein, in mediating the spatiotemporal relationship between cytokinesis and cell polarity. Our results reveal that Dlg1 is enriched at the midbody during cytokinesis and that its multimerization is essential for the normal polarity of daughter cells. Defects in this process alter tissue dimensions without impacting other cellular processes. Our results extend the conventional view that division orientation is established at metaphase and anaphase and suggest that multiple mechanisms act at distinct phases of the cell cycle to transmit cell polarity. The approach employed can be used in other systems, as it offers a robust means to follow and to eliminate protein function and extends the Phasor approach for studying in vivo protein interactions by frequency-domain fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of Förster resonance energy transfer (FLIM-FRET) to organotypic explant culture.
How accessible are grocery shops for people with dementia? A qualitative study using photo documentation and focus group interviews

Background People with dementia who live in ordinary housing need to perform activities outside the home such as visiting friends, talking walks and doing grocery shopping. This article identifies and examines characteristics that may influence accessibility in the space of a grocery shop as perceived by people with dementia. Methods This is a qualitative study with a grounded theory approach. The data collection was done with two different methods. It started with photo documentation and continued with focus group interviews in combination with photo elicitation. Data from both photo documentation and focus groups were analysed according to a grounded theory approach. Results The categories “illogical arrangement”, “overload of products, information and people”, “visual illusions” and “intrusive auditory stimuli” showed characteristics in the grocery shop that influenced how accessible and usable the informants experienced a shop to be. Furthermore, personal capacities in relation to the specific characteristics of the grocery shop space had an influence on how accessible and usable the informants experienced the grocery shop to be. Capacities to find, stay focused and concentrated, meet stress, remember, interpret and discriminate sensory impressions through hearing and sight came to the fore as important. Conclusions Characteristics of both the shop and the person need to be taken into account when supporting people with dementia in grocery shopping.
Racial/ethnic variation in trauma-related psychopathology in the United States: a population-based study

Abstract Background The prevalence of mental disorders among Black, Latino, and Asian adults is lower than among Whites. Factors that explain these differences are largely unknown. We examined whether racial/ethnic differences in exposure to traumatic events (TEs) or vulnerability to trauma-related psychopathology explained the lower rates of psychopathology among racial/ethnic minorities. Methods We estimated the prevalence of TE exposure and associations with onset of DSM-IV depression, anxiety and substance disorders and with lifetime post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys, a national sample (N = 13 775) with substantial proportions of Black (35.9%), Latino (18.9%), and Asian Americans (14.9%). Results TE exposure varied across racial/ethnic groups. Asians were most likely to experience organized violence – particularly being a refugee – but had the lowest exposure to all other TEs. Blacks had the greatest exposure to participation in organized violence, sexual violence, and other TEs, Latinos had the highest exposure to physical violence, and Whites were most likely to experience accidents/injuries. Racial/ethnic minorities had lower odds ratios of depression, anxiety, and substance disorder onset relative to Whites. Neither variation in TE exposure nor vulnerability to psychopathology following TEs across racial/ethnic groups explained these differences. Vulnerability to PTSD did vary across groups, however, such that Asians were less likely and Blacks more likely to develop PTSD following TEs than Whites. Conclusions Lower prevalence of mental disorders among racial/ethnic minorities does not appear to reflect reduced vulnerability to TEs, with the exception of PTSD among Asians. This highlights the importance of investigating other potential mechanisms underlying racial/ethnic differences in psychopathology.
Controversies in Breastfeeding

When addressing the compatibility of breastfeeding with certain maternal conditions, we need to differentiate between “contraindication” and “obstacle. ” Failure to distinguish between the two confuses new mothers and their families, and engenders misconceptions about breastfeeding advice by health professionals. Health conditions that may simply impede the initiation and duration of breastfeeding are often wrongly referred to as true contraindications to breastfeed, under the assumption that they might harm the health of the mother and/or that of the nursing infant. Here, we discuss several topics, including breast surgery, prolactinoma, concurrent new pregnancy, hormonal contraception, and use of medications and contrast agents, that continue to raise controversy. While most conditions appear to be compatible with breastfeeding, the major determinants of a woman's final choice of whether to nurse her infant or not are the attitude of health professionals and the state of mind of being an informed mother.
GraphIE: A Graph-Based Framework for Information Extraction

Most modern Information Extraction (IE) systems are implemented as sequential taggers and only model local dependencies. Non-local and non-sequential context is, however, a valuable source of information to improve predictions. In this paper, we introduce GraphIE, a framework that operates over a graph representing a broad set of dependencies between textual units (i.e. words or sentences). The algorithm propagates information between connected nodes through graph convolutions, generating a richer representation that can be exploited to improve word-level predictions. Evaluation on three different tasks — namely textual, social media and visual information extraction — shows that GraphIE consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art sequence tagging model by a significant margin.
Mammal diversity will take millions of years to recover from the current biodiversity crisis

Significance Biodiversity is more than the number of species on Earth. It is also the amount of unique evolutionary history in the tree of life. We find that losses of this phylogenetic diversity (PD) are disproportionally large in mammals compared with the number of species that have recently gone extinct. This lost PD can only be restored with time as lineages evolve and create new evolutionary history. Without coordinated conservation, it will likely take millions of years for mammals to naturally recover from the biodiversity losses they are predicted to endure over the next 50 y. However, by prioritizing PD in conservation, we could potentially save billions of years of unique evolutionary history and the important ecological functions they may represent. The incipient sixth mass extinction that started in the Late Pleistocene has already erased over 300 mammal species and, with them, more than 2.5 billion y of unique evolutionary history. At the global scale, this lost phylogenetic diversity (PD) can only be restored with time as lineages evolve and create new evolutionary history. Given the increasing rate of extinctions however, can mammals evolve fast enough to recover their lost PD on a human time scale? We use a birth–death tree framework to show that even if extinction rates slow to preanthropogenic background levels, recovery of lost PD will likely take millions of years. These findings emphasize the severity of the potential sixth mass extinction and the need to avoid the loss of unique evolutionary history now.
A comparative study of two separation methods to isolate monocytes

Separation of specific blood cells is necessary for a deeper insight into their role in health and disease. To obtain such cells, efficient and robust isolation methods are needed. We compare here the Fab‐based Traceless Affinity Cell Selection (TACS®) technology and the Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting (MACS®) technology to isolate human monocytes from whole blood and buffy coats as well as the differentiation of the isolated monocytes to dendritic cells (DCs). TACS® is a positive selection technology using immune affinity chromatography based on CD‐specific low affinity Fab‐fragments for the reversible capture and release of target cells. The positive selection by MACS® is based on magnetic beads coated with specific high affinity monoclonal antibodies to catch the target cells. The target cells separated by TACS® are “label‐free” while cells positively isolated by MACS® will carry the cell specific label. Our data show that the separation methods described here are well suited to obtain functional monocytes of high quality and purity. A differentiation of the cells into DCs leads to comparable results with the exception that CD1a expression levels on immature and mature DCs are elevated when monocytes are isolated using the TACS® technology. Taken together, our results suggest that the TACS® method may be of advantage when preparing monocytes and monocyte‐derived DCs for functional analyses, while the MACS® method seems to be capable of higher monocyte recoveries. © 2018 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Intercomparison of global river discharge simulations focusing on dam operation—multiple models analysis in two case-study river basins, Missouri–Mississippi and Green–Colorado

We performed an intercomparison of river discharge regulated by dams under four meteorological forcings among five global hydrological models for a historical period by simulation. This is the first global multimodel intercomparison study on dam-regulated river flow. Although the simulations were conducted globally, the Missouri–Mississippi and Green–Colorado Rivers were chosen as case-study sites in this study. The hydrological models incorporate generic schemes of dam operation, not specific to a certain dam. We examined river discharge on a longitudinal section of river channels to investigate the effects of dams on simulated discharge, especially at the seasonal time scale. We found that the magnitude of dam regulation differed considerably among the hydrological models. The difference was attributable not only to dam operation schemes but also to the magnitude of simulated river discharge flowing into dams. That is, although a similar algorithm of dam operation schemes was incorporated in different hydrological models, the magnitude of dam regulation substantially differed among the models. Intermodel discrepancies tended to decrease toward the lower reaches of these river basins, which means model dependence is less significant toward lower reaches. These case-study results imply that, intermodel comparisons of river discharge should be made at different locations along the river's course to critically examine the performance of hydrological models because the performance can vary with the locations.