Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Failure rate of direct tooth restorations placed with conventional glass-ionomers compared to composite resin restorations in posterior permanent teeth : a systematic review and network meta-analysis [protocol]

Normal 0 This protocol has been registered with the International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on the 10 July 2012 under registration number CRD42013006487 (Available online from http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.asp? ID=CRD42013006487 ). REVIEW QUESTION: Do conventional glass-ionomer restorations, in patients with single and/or multi-surface cavities in posterior permanent teeth, have a higher failure rate than direct composite resin restorations? SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE SEARCH: Databases: MEDLINE accessed via PubMed; CENTRAL accessed via Cochrane Library; Open access sources: Biomed Central, DOAJ; Regional databases: IndMed, SABINET; Grey-Literature sources: OpenSIGLE, Google Scholar. SEARCH TERM DEVELOPMENT: Strings of search terms (containing MeSH and text search terms) together with Boolean operators will be developed and utilized for searching the databases. ARTICLE SELECTION CRITERIA: Prospective clinical control trial; clearly reported parallel group design with dichotomous outcome measure; outcome measure: restoration failure due to fracture, wear, secondary caries, retention loss; Intervention in permanent posterior teeth; follow-up period: 1 year or longer with longest comparable result per study; trials comparing: composite versus amalgam, high-viscosity glass-ionomers versus amalgam, high-viscosity glass-ionomers versus composite. Trial exclusion criteria: Tunnel restoration, preventive resin restoration (sealed restoration) as intervention type; cermet, low-viscosity glass-ionomer cements; chemically cured composite resin, non-hybrid composite resins (macro/micro/midi filled); low-copper amalgam alloys; composite resin and/or amalgam restorations placed with glass-ionomer liner or base; no computable data reported; tooth cavities in anterior teeth, class V cavities or cavities on root/cervical tooth surfaces; tooth cavities extending into enamel, only. DATA EXTRACTION: The information extracted from selected trials will include general trial information, information regarding bias risk; all data with relevance to the review question will be extracted in form of individual dichotomous datasets. DATA ANALYSIS AND REPORTING: Relative and absolute point estimates with 95% Confidence intervals will be computed per dataset and statistical heterogeneity investigated; selection-, detection-, performance-, attrition-, publication bias risk will be assessed; a network meta-analyses will be conducted for adjusted indirect comparison of treatment efficacy between conventional glass-ionomer and composite resin on basis of amalgam restorations as the shared control intervention.
Marshalling Support: How Computer Users Negotiate Technical Problems

This research-in-progress examines how these individuals marshal support resources to help solve technical problems during everyday use and what consequences they experience. In a naturalized setting we seek to understand the experience of ‘computer problems’ and their consequences for how users feel and what they know about technology. We have gather 2 weeks of daily diary data from 305 participants in one organization regarding their experiences of technical problems. We present our preliminary analysis based on a sub-sample of 45 participants for illustration with full analysis expected for the workshop. We seek to make 3 contributions: 1) offer design insight to the HCI community with respect to user technical problem solving in everyday situations; 2) contribute to the post-adoption literature by describing everyday use, and problem impacts on users; 3) provide recommendations for the crucial function of support around the design and delivery of support to maximize user outcomes.
Blogging It into Them

Abstract Online learning, while broadening opportunities for many, has the unfortunate effect of isolating or even alienating students who crave interaction and/or are uncomfortable with information technology. Weblogs (blogs) are an easy-to-use, informal means of online interaction that have become widely popular in recent years; their potential value as community-building and learning tools in higher education has only just begun to be explored. We report on our use of blogs as a supplement to face-to-face information literacy instruction and as a sole means of library outreach to graduate distance learners. We also explore the current uses of blogs in libraries nationwide.
Using an Electronic Text-Matching Tool (Turnitin) to Detect Plagiarism in a New Zealand University

This paper is concerned with reporting the experience and findings of staff using a commercially-available textmatching tool (Turnitin) to detect plagiarism in a university setting in New Zealand. The use of actual instances of plagiarism revealed through Turnitin in a teaching department is a departure from the more usual selfreporting methodology used in many plagiarism research papers. The paper concludes by asking questions of the implications for institutions, teaching staff and students.
Visual recognition of windows: effects of size variation and presentation styles

One of the problems of windowing systems today is that the desktop quickly becomes cluttered with the number of windows in use. This can hinder the user during task performance. Users become overwhelmed and disorientated by the number of windows. They quickly lose track of documents and spend much of their time locating the document by manipulating the windowing environment rather than working on the task at hand. We propose a Vanishing Windows approach that will reduce the window manipulation required by the user and aid the user in search activities. This technique gradually reduces the screen real estate requirements for an inactive window. The reduction of inactive window size progressively increases the overall visibility of windows on the desktop (less overlap). However, the visibility of individual window content will also reduce progressively. The paper develops techniques for maximising the visual cues available for individual windows, even at small screen sizes. These techniques are empirically tested.
Do iconic hand gestures really contribute anything to the semantic information conveyed by speech? An experimental investigation

L'A. presente les deux principales theories actuelles concernant les gestes de la main qui accompagnent le discours : la theorie de McNeill, selon laquelle les gestes et le discours sont deux facettes d'une meme structure psychologique, et la theorie de Butterworth et Hadar, ou le cote linguistique du langage est le seul qui soit necessaire pour rendre compte du sens du message et ou le geste apparait comme redondant par rapport au discours. A partir de l'analyse d'enregistrements video de sujets racontant des dessins animes, l'A. tente de determiner la part d'information semantique qui revient au discours et celle qui revient aux gestes accompagnateurs
The Genetic-Algorithm-Based Normal Boundary Intersection (GANBI) Method; An Efficient Approach to Pareto Multiobjective Optimization for Engineering Design

Abstract : A new method for developing tradeoffs in the engineering of complex systems is described. The Genetic-Algorithm-Based Normal Boundary Intersection (GANBI) method serves as a preprocessor for conventional genetic-algorithm-based Pareto optimization solvers. The algorithm is based on applying the normal boundary intersection approach of Pareto optimization to genetic solvers. The approach is shown to provide rapid convergence and to provide a better estimate of the Pareto set than existing state-of-the-art methods. A description of Pareto optimization methods for engineering design is included to put the new method in the context of existing solution approaches. The algorithm for the GANBI method is derived and detailed in the report, and numerical examples showing its efficiency in solving an academic problem are presented. The report concludes with an example of how the GANBI method has been used to make tradeoff decisions in the design of large-scale distributed undersea sensor networks.
Service provider selection in an open services environment

The authors consider the case of a large number of servers that offer services of a given type, differing only in quality and cost. Each service request may be directed to any of those servers. The authors consider rules for choosing the most suitable server for a given request and present a taxonomy of server selection strategies with respect to both information acquisition and decision making. The authors consider in detail the influence of significantly delayed state information on the selection process and demonstrate by means of simulation models that simply selecting the server with minimal load is worse than random selection. An alternative selection mechanism, performing well for a large range of delays, is developed. The possible contradiction between the socially optimal and individual optimal approach resulting from autonomy in choice of server selection rules is recognized and investigated. <<ETX>>
Beta-Stacy survival regression models

This paper introduces a class of survival models for discrete time-to-event data with random right censoring. Flexible distributions for the survival times are constructed by modelling the random survival functions as discrete-time beta-Stacy processes (DBS) and by introducing the regression effects via their prior means. Identifiability is attained by defining the DBS precision parameters as appropriate functions of the regression coefficients. By the conjugacy of the beta-Stacy process with respect to random right censoring, marginal posterior inferences for all model parameters can be efficiently approximated using the standard Gibbs sampler. The latter also yields a Monte Carlo approximation for the predictive distributions of the survival probabilities for future covariate profiles. We provide three clinical applications of the DBS survival regression framework comparing its estimates with those of parametric, semiparametric and non-parametric survival models.
A Diagnosis Method for Rotation Machinery Faults Based on Dimensionless Indexes Combined with -Nearest Neighbor Algorithm

It is difficult to well distinguish the dimensionless indexes between normal petrochemical rotating machinery equipment and those with complex faults. When the conflict of evidence is too big, it will result in uncertainty of diagnosis. This paper presents a diagnosis method for rotation machinery fault based on dimensionless indexes combined with -nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm. This method uses a KNN algorithm and an evidence fusion theoretical formula to process fuzzy data, incomplete data, and accurate data. This method can transfer the signals from the petrochemical rotating machinery sensors to the reliability manners using dimensionless indexes and KNN algorithm. The input information is further integrated by an evidence synthesis formula to get the final data. The type of fault will be decided based on these data. The experimental results show that the proposed method can integrate data to provide a more reliable and reasonable result, thereby reducing the decision risk.
Design and Implementation of Ceph: A Scalable Distributed File System

File system designers continue to look to new architectures to improve scalability. Object-based storage diverges from server-based (e.g. NFS) and SAN-based storage systems by coupling processors and memory with disk drives, delegating low-level allocation to object storage devices (OSDs) and decoupling I/O (read/write) from metadata (file open/close) operations. Even recent object-based systems inherit decades-old architectural choices going back to early UNIX file systems, however, limiting their ability to effectively scale to hundreds of petabytes. We present Ceph, a distributed file system that provides excellent performance and reliability with unprecedented scalability. Ceph maximizes the separation between data and metadata management by replacing allocation tables with a pseudo-random data distribution function (CRUSH) designed for heterogeneous and dynamic clusters of unreliable OSDs. We leverage OSD intelligence to distribute data replication, failure detection and recovery with semi-autonomous OSDs running a specialized local object storage file system (EBOFS). Finally, Ceph is built around a dynamic distributed metadata management cluster that provides extremely efficient metadata management that seamlessly adapts to a wide range of general purpose and scientific computing file system workloads. We present performance measurements under a variety of workloads that show superior I/O performance and scalable metadata management (more than a quarter million metadata ops/sec).
Optimum dynamic channel allocation in certain street microcellular radio systems

In existing macrocellular systems, microcells may be used to increase the capacity in areas with large traffic demands. Examples of such areas are roads and streets where the microcells will form one-dimensional structures. Using smaller cells implies that the variations in telephone traffic load will increase. To adapt to these variations, a simple dynamic channel allocation algorithm for one-dimensional cellular systems is proposed. The algorithm is shown to maximize the number of assigned calls and lends itself to distributed implementation. <<ETX>>
A 1.3-GHz IF digitizer using a 4/sup th/-order continuous-time bandpass /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulator

We present a 4/sup th/-order, 3-bit, 4.3 GHz continuous-time bandpass /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulator (CT-DSM) that can directly digitize a 1.3-GHz IF signal. We used the impulse-invariant transform to design the CT-DSM, which has a similar NTF (noise transfer function) as an idealized discrete-time modulator despite up to 1.6 clock delays in its feedback loop paths. The part was fabricated using InP HBT technology, and has a measured SNDR of 39 dB in a 200 MHz bandwidth.
A grid event service

The Grid Event Service (GES) is a distributed event service designed to run on a very large network of server nodes. Clients interested in using this service can attach themselves to one of the server nodes. Clients specify an interest in the type of events that they are interested in and the service routes events, which satisfy the constraints specified by the clients. Clients can have prolonged disconnects from the server network and can also roam the network (in response to failure suspicions or for better response times) and attach themselves to any other node in the server node network. Events published during the intervening period, of prolonged disconnects and roams, must still be delivered to clients that originally had an interest in these events. The delivery constraints must be satisfied even in the presence of server failures. Server nodes can fail and remain failed forever. Clients need not wait for the failed server nodes to recover. Affected clients can then roam to a new location and thus not experience any denial of service. GES provides a hierarchical dissemination scheme for the delivery of events to relevant clients. The system provides for an efficient calculation of routes to reach relevant destinations. GES also provides for merging streams of related events and delivering these merged streams to relevant clients. The events in these related streams could have spatial and chronological relationships to events within other streams. GES provides for the resolution of these constraints and the subsequent delivery of these dependency resolved event streams to interested clients.
Multimodal Markov Random Field for Image Re-ranking based on Relevance Feedback

This paper introduces a multimodal approach for reranking of image retrieval results based on relevance feedback. We consider the problem of reordering the ranked list of images returned by an image retrieval system, in such a way that relevant images to a query are moved to the first positions of the list. We propose a Markov random field (MRF) model that aims at classifying the images in the initial retrieval-result list as relevant or irrelevant; the output of the MRF is used to generate a new list of ranked images. The MRF takes into account (1) the rank information provided by the initial retrieval system, (2) similarities among images in the list, and (3) relevance feedback information. Hence, the problem of image reranking is reduced to that of minimizing an energy function that represents a trade-off between image relevance and interimage similarity. The proposed MRF is a multimodal as it can take advantage of both visual and textual information by which images are described with. We report experimental results in the IAPR TC12 collection using visual and textual features to represent images. Experimental results show that our method is able to improve the ranking provided by the base retrieval system. Also, the multimodal MRF outperforms unimodal (i.e., either text-based or image-based) MRFs that we have developed in previous work. Furthermore, the proposed MRF outperforms baseline multimodal methods that combine information from unimodal MRFs.
Structural and informal knowledge acquisition and dissemination in organizational learning: An exploratory analysis

Purpose – The topic of organizational learning is populated with many theories and models; many relate to the enduring organizational learning framework consisting of knowledge acquisition, knowledge dissemination, and knowledge use. However, most of the research either emphasizes structural knowledge acquisition and dissemination as a composite construct, or focuses solely on the structural aspect of knowledge acquisition and dissemination. The primary objective of this study is to develop and test a model of organizational learning that incorporates both structural and informal knowledge acquisition and dissemination and as separate processes. The predictors of these processes are also proposedDesign/methodology/approach – A model of organizational learning that incorporates both structural and informal knowledge acquisition and dissemination constructs, along with three predictors of these organizational learning constructs were developed and quantitatively tested.Findings – An inference to the researc.
Software Project Management: A Unified Framework

For a cutting-edge take on how to manage today's object-oriented, iterative software development process, take a look at Walker Royce's Software Project Management. This readable, comprehensive guide shows how well-managed software teams can produce better, more profitable software in less time. The book begins by outlining the "traditional" waterfall approach to software development. The author looks at what changes for management when it comes to today's iterative software processes. Written with an eye toward management (with plenty of tables and figures for project estimation and planning), the author takes you through common pitfalls of managing software. Besides reviewing older studies and metrics, the author offers his own 10 principles to managing software, along with hints for all facets of development, from initial inception to construction and deployment of software. The author provides detailed project milestones and other deliverables to help you manage software better, including a breakdown of tasks for your team that will help maximize your efficiency. After a look forward at what better software management means for return on investment (ROI), the author presents several very useful appendices, which include software metrics (like COCOMO), as well as a description of the CCPDS-R missile command system (which used many of the author's management principles). Overall, this groundbreaking title will be useful to any software manager or project leader seeking to get control of software costs and improve team efficiency. --Richard Dragan
Computer technology integration in Iowa high schools: Perceptions of teachers

Over the past decade, Iowa schools have received substantial federal and state support for the integration of technology. These efforts have included staff development, hardware and software, and technical support. But has this really changed teaching and leaming in Iowa schools? This fonnative study is based on focus group interviews with nearly 200 teachers at thirty Iowa high schools during the Spring of 1998. During the one-day site visits at each school, data was also collected from students, the principal, the technology coordinator (where available), and the districfs technology plan. During the one-hour focus group sessions teachers were asked about how they use technology, how they define technology integration, what motivates them to integrate technology, what bam'ers they face, how technology is changing teaching and leaming, and what they believe the future holds for technology in education. Findings indicate Iowa teachers are progressing well with instructional technology integration. Iowa is ahead of the national average with most types of technology in the schools, including the ratio of students to computers. Teachers say they see computer technology as a tool to help them better accomplish their educational goals with students. They say technology changes both what they teach and how they teach. The enthusiasm Iowa teachers have for leaming is the biggest factor motivating them to integrate technology into the cum'culum. Teachers say they enjoy
Using Blogging for Higher Order Learning in Large Cohort University Teaching: A Case Study.

The small but developing literature on weblogging underscores its potential as an effective learning resource for use in higher education. This paper contributes to these discussions through an initial case study of the authors' experience with the on going development of an educational blogging resource for use in a large cohort, undergraduate liberal arts subject. Detailing the theoretical aims, design, implementation and incipient evaluation of the project, the paper supports the argument for the educational use and value of blogging but also highlights potential limitations and problem areas.
Semisupervised Learning of Classifiers With Application to Human -Computer Interaction

With the growing use of computers and computing objects in the design of many of the day to day tools that humans use, human-computer intelligent interaction is seen as a necessary step for the ability to make computers better aid the human user. There are many tasks involved in designing good interaction between humans and machines. One basic task, related to many such applications, is automatic classification by the machine. Designing a classifier can be done by domain experts or by learning from training data. Training data can be labeled to the different classes or unlabeled. In this work I focus on training probabilistic classifiers with labeled and unlabeled data. I show under what conditions unlabeled data can be used to improve classification performance. I also show that it often occurs that if the conditions are violated, using unlabeled data can be detrimental to the classification performance. I discuss the implications of this analysis when learning a specific type of probabilistic classifiers, namely Bayesian networks, and propose structure learning algorithms that can potentially utilize unlabeled data to improve classification. I show how the theory and algorithms are successfully applied in two applications related to human-computer interaction: facial expression recognition and face detection.