Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Validity of Student Worksheet Using Inquiry-Based Learning Model with Science Process Skill Approach for Physics Learning of High School

The significant influence of the 21st century brought a change in Physics learning. Students are required to have the skills to think, work, and live in the surrounding environment. To achieve 21st-century skills needed teaching materials that can support the learning process.With the presence of teaching materials, students are more active in building their knowledge and easy to understand the material provided. Teaching materials that can guide students with a productive task to practice is the student worksheet. A student worksheet is a teaching material that contains a set of activities to maximize students understanding in achievement of competence. To improve the competence of students, one of the efforts that teachers to develop quality student worksheet. A student worksheet is considered qualified if has validity criteria. The validity assessment of the student worksheet is carried out by expert reviews. This research aims to determine the validity of the student worksheet using an inquiry-based learning model with a science process skills approach. The research conducted is design research using the Plomp model with the type of development studies, where validity is at the stage of development. The research instrument used a validity questionnaire to be filled by expert reviews, then analyzed using Aiken's V formula. The result of the validity showed that the student worksheet using an inquiry-based learning model with a science process skills approach having valid criteria with a value of 0.88. It means that the student worksheet is decent for use in Physics learning.
Vesico-sphincter dysfunctions in Pure Cerebellar Syndrome (PCS): a possible basis for the study of anatomo-functional correlations

The neurological polymorphism of Pure Cerebellar Syndromes (not including the heredodegenerative patterns) led the Authors to try to verify the possible correlations between neurological damages and urodynamic findings. MATERIAL AND METHODS. From 2001 to 2006 thirty patients affected by PCS were studied. They underwent several neurological and urological investigations, including videourodynamics. RESULTS. Sixteen cases (76%) showed urinary incontinence due to non-inhibited detrusor contractions, with no evidence of vesico-sphincter dyssynergia; the remaining patients showed a moderate degree of incoordination. CONCLUSIONS. The authors highlight the basic role of cerebellum in modulating the motor activities and the coordination of the bladder-sphincter structures, also in the light of the outcomes gathered in these patients, who were not suffering from other superior structure deficiencies. (Urologia 2008; 75: 38-41)
Systemic Risk and Competition: Bank Herding in Europe

I use a novel approach to identify the channel through which competition affects systemic risk. Using European bank-level data, I show that banks with high market power display higher systemic risk levels. The results are consistent with high market power banks taking correlated investments ex-ante to avoid increases in funding costs ex-post. This increase arise because of the informational contagion from bad news about other banks’ health. Banks trade-off this rise in funding costs and the reduction in margins that results from lending to the same market. I show that the positive effect of market power on systemic risk is stronger for banks more likely to suffer a larger increase in costs due to the informational spillover: more informationally opaque banks, banks financed with a larger share of uninsured sources of funding and in countries with lower deposit insurance coverage.
Evaluation of Primary Dentition in Cleft Lip and Palate Children with and without Natal/Neonatal Teeth

Objective: Natal/neonatal teeth are very common in children with complete unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate. The extraction of these teeth is the usual treatment in the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies. The objective of this study was to verify whether these teeth could be of the normal complement or whether they were supernumerary. Design: The primary dentition of children with cleft lip and palate with and without natal/neonatal teeth was compared at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies. Subjects: The sample consisted of 55 children with complete unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate with natal/neonatal teeth and 54 without. Results: No positive association between these groups and missing lateral incisor or supernumerary or complete dentition was found. Conclusion: The extraction of the natal/neonatal teeth did not alter the final complement of primary teeth, and these teeth could be the lateral incisor or supernumerary.
Nasalance and Nasality in Low Pressure and High Pressure Speech

Objective: This study compared nasalance measures and nasality ratings in low pressure (LP) and high pressure (HP) speech. Subjects: The subjects for this study were 25 children ranging in age from 5 to 13 years. Twenty of the subjects were patients followed by a craniofacial team, and five had no history of communication disorder. Results: The mean nasalance for the LP speech was 29.98% (SD, 16.16), and the mean nasalance for the HP speech was 30.28% (SD, 15.35). The mean nasality rating for the LP speech was 2.31, and the mean nasality rating for the HP speech was 2.59. Separate paired t tests revealed no significant difference between the LP or the HP speech for either the nasalance scores or the nasality ratings. The correlation coefficient between nasalance and nasality for the LP speech was r 5 0.78, and for the HP speech r 5 0.77. Using a cutoff of 26% for nasalance and 2.0 for nasality, Nasometer test sensitivity was 0.84 and test specificity was 0.88. Conclusions: In general, clinicians may obtain valid measures of nasalance and/or ratings of nasality using either an LP stimulus or an HP stimulus. Sensitivity and specificity scores indicated that the Nasometer was reasonably accurate in distinguishing between normal and hypernasal speech samples.
Association of Nasomaxillary Asymmetry in Children with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate and Their Parents

Objective: It has been suggested previously that increased width of midfacial structures is associated with the development of palatal clefting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of transverse craniofacial asymmetry between children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and their parents. Specifically, we hypothesized that parental transverse craniofacial asymmetry is a risk factor associated with the development of asymmetry in children with UCLP. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional investigation including affected children and their noncleft parents. Patients, Participants: A total of 64 children-parent sets of data (32 childbiological mother 1 32 child-biological father) were included. Subject records included posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs obtained from 29 Costa Rican families with UCLP. Main Outcome Measures: The side of parental nasal asymmetry was significantly associated with the side of cleft in their children. For the majority of parents with children suffering from a left cleft, nasal width was larger on the left, compared with the right side. Similarly, in the majority of parents with children suffering from a right cleft, nasal width was larger on the right, compared with the left side. Conclusion: The results suggest that unilaterally increased nasomaxillary width in parents may play a key role in the development of ipsilateral palatal clefting in their offspring, therefore underscoring the importance of craniofacial form as a genetic etiologic factor in the genesis of clefting. Better understanding of the role of craniofacial form in cleft development will ultimately allow for the assessment of risk for cleft lip and palate.
Occurrence of Cleft Lip and Palate in the Faroe Islands and Greenland from 1950 to 1999

Objective: To describe the occurrence of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) and isolated cleft palate (CP) in the Faroe Islands and Greenland over a 50-year time period that has included substantial changes in lifestyle. Design: A prevalence study based on patient records obtained from the Institute of Speech and Hearing Disorders in Copenhagen, Denmark, at which the treatment of patients with CP and CL/P from Greenland, the Faroe Islands, and Denmark is coordinated. Participants: All live-born children in the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Denmark with CL/P or CP born in the period 1950 to 1999 (Faroe Islands and Greenland) and 1950 to 1987 (Denmark). Results and Conclusion: The mean prevalence of CL/P in the Faroe Islands and Greenland during the period 1950 to 1999 was 1.0 and 0.6 per 1000 live births, respectively. This is significantly lower than the mean prevalence of 1.4 (p , .05 and p , .001) per 1000 live births found in Denmark. The mean prevalence of CP in the Faroe Islands and Greenland was 1.5 and 1.1 per 1000 live births, respectively, which is significantly higher than the Danish prevalence of 0.5 per 1000 live births (p , .001 in both tests). There was no clear time trend in the prevalence, indicating that genetic factors or timetable environmental factors play a dominating role in the etiology of CL/P and CP in the Faroe Islands and Greenland.
Dental Abnormalities, Bone Graft Quality, and Periodontal Conditions in Patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate at Different Phases of Orthodontic Treatment

Objectives: To evaluate the dental and periodontal condition of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) before orthodontic treatment and evaluate whether the dental and periodontal condition of these patients during and after orthodontic treatment was jeopardized by the duration of the orthodontic and surgical treatment. Design: Seventy-five individuals with UCLP (52 males, 23 females), between ages 8 and 20 years, participated in a retrospective study during their final follow-up visit with regard to dental abnormalities, such as hypodontia, external root resorption, crown and root malformation, and supernumerary teeth. Alveolar bone height and periodontal attachment loss on the cleft side were also screened before or after bone grafting and at different stages of orthodontic treatment. Results: Hypodontia of the lateral incisor was found in more than 50% of the patients on the cleft side. Second premolars and/or lateral incisors outside the cleft area were missing in 27.2% of the patients. In 32%, malformations of the teeth near the cleft were noticed. In general, the teeth around and in the cleft of the patients showed normal septal bone heights and a healthy periodontium. Sixty of the 75 patients received a bone graft to restore the interrupted alveolar process. In 93.3% of these patients, the cleft was grafted before the eruption of the canine. Conclusion: The periodontium of the teeth in and around the cleft in patients with UCLP observed during and after orthodontic treatment can cope relatively well with the long orthodontic treatment and combined surgical interventions. The children, who had not yet started treatment, also showed enough bone support and no periodontal problems of the teeth besides the cleft. Early secondary bone grafting seems to give optimal periodontal results.
Unique Outcomes and Positive Contributions Associated with Facial Difference: Expanding Research and Practice

Current literature on the psychosocial outcomes of living with a craniofacial difference (CFD) focuses primarily on deficits. In this paper, an alternative perspective is explored in a pilot study of 11 parents of children with CFDs and 11 affected adults reflecting on their experiences. Mixing qualitative and quantitative methodologies, this pilot study begins to demonstrate the value of exploring contributional outcomes related to CFDs. The findings in this study include positive outcomes in terms of communication abilities, service to others, observational skills, inner strength, abilities to question society, a valued social circle, and perceptions of being normal because of the difference. The findings also reveal that approximately half of the parents and affected adults would not choose to remove the experience of facial difference from their lives if they have such an option. Implications for future research, practice, and ethical and policy considerations are discussed.
Estimating the Indistinguishability of Heralded Single Photons Using Second-Order Correlation

1 Quantum Engineering Technology Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom 2 PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan 3 National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan 4 Applied Physics, University of Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
Contraction Properties of the Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscle

Objective: The mechanical contraction property of the superior pharyngeal constrictor (PC) muscle was analyzed and compared with the levator veli palatini (LVP) muscle. Design: Twenty adult dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital were used. Results: The isometric contraction curves of LVP and PC were recorded after direct electric stimulation to each muscle. The contraction time of isometric twitch contraction of the superior PC muscles was 30.3 6 5.25 msec, and the half relaxation time was 22.97 6 5.44 msec. The summation curve was observed at a stimulus frequency above 20 Hz of a repetitive pulse stimulus frequency of 85 Hz. Conclusions: The mechanical contraction properties of the PC muscle are similar to those of the LVP, but with more aspects that are characteristic of a fast twitch muscle.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Child Cleft Face

Objective This study examined the facial surfaces of cleft children and unaffected children aged 8–11 years with the aim of identifying and assessing differences in their facial surface morphology. The investigation was carried out using an Optical Surface Scanner, an instrument that utilizes laser light to construct and archive a three-dimensional image of the face suitable for linear measurement and direct surface comparisons. Design, Setting, and Patients Thirty-nine cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients and 25 unaffected subjects were voluntarily recruited from two southeast England hospitals. A range of linear facial measurements was compared. Three-dimensional differences between the cleft subgroups and the control group were visualized by superimposition of averaged cleft scans over the averaged control group images. Results Statistically significant dimensional differences (p ≤ .05) in interocular width, nose base widths, mouth widths, and nose base/mouth width ratios were found between the cleft group and the control group. Qualitative differences over the whole of the face were readily demonstrated between the groups by superimposition. Face width and submandibular area depth differed consistently between the groups, the cleft face appearing narrower with a deeper submandibular area. Conclusion Significant differences exist between the facial surface morphology of CLP patients and control subjects.
Folate and the Face: Evaluating the Evidence for the Influence of Folate Genes on Craniofacial Development

Objective: Genetics has been thought to play a crucial role in the etiology of nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (CL/P) for over 60 years, but we are still no closer to finding contributing genes. The main hindrance to the progress of CL/P genetic research is the complex multifactorial nature of the disorder with environmental factors playing a significant, if not equally important role. Thus, CL/P is the likely outcome of several developmental and biochemical events that may be different in different individuals or families. Conclusions: Because of the known advantages of folate therapy during pregnancy and the developmental problems that may occur when diets are folate deficient, recent research has looked toward a possible genetic explanation for susceptibility to low folate status. Several gene variants have been identified which, when combined with an inadequate diet, may impede human development, but it still remains to be seen whether these are a major contributor to CL/P. Here we review some of the current viewpoints and the possible impact of folic acid supplementation on clefting incidence.
Oral Health Status of Russian Children with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

Objective: To evaluate the oral and dental health of Russian children who underwent Frolova primary palatoplasty. Design: Eighty-nine children (62 boys and 27 girls; age range, 5 to 9 years) who had undergone repair of unilateral cleft lip and palate were included in this oral/dental evaluation. Factors such as stage of dentition; oral hygiene; carious, missing and restored teeth; and occlusion were recorded. Results: Twenty-six of the 89 patients presented with a palatal fistula. Oral hygiene of patients without a palatal fistula was significantly better than that of patients with a fistula (p , .01). Forty-five percent of patients had eight or more decayed teeth. Significantly more patients with palatal fistulae had class II soft tissue facial profiles than those without palatal fistulae. Anterior crossbites were found in 48% of patients, unilateral posterior crossbites in 58%, and bilateral posterior crossbites in 12%. Conclusions: The high percentage of poor oral hygiene and dental caries found in this group of patients is likely due to the general unavailability of dental hygiene products and the high cost of these products when available. In addition, it seems there is limited understanding by parents of the importance of dental hygiene and appropriate diet in preventing dental disease.
The Personalization of Mobile Health Interventions

Personalized medicine is the adjustment of medical treatment by taking into account people’s unique demographics, genetic makeup, and lifestyle. This approach, however, relies on domain knowledge that is often limited and forces medical practitioners to explore multiple treatments with a patient until finding an appropriate one. During this process, patients are on their own: They have to remember the specifics of the treatment, and they need to identify when and what treatment to put into practice. To overcome these challenges, I envision equipping with the means to personalize and provide health interventions the most popular computing device available today: The mobile phone. This personalized mobile health approach would give access to health interventions to anyone with a phone, and it would be especially impactful for populations that lack access to basic health services. At the core of this proposal, I investigate methods for the personalization of mobile health interventions using artificial intelligence (AI), smartphones and wearables, and the patient’s feedback. In my work so far, I have explored two fundamental challenges: when to intervene (identifying intervention points) and what treatment to use (treatment selection). I approached these challenges by integrating human-computer interaction work in interruptibility (i.e., receptivity) and contextual bandits; an AI method for solving sequential decision-making problems. This work was applied to a sleep intervention and compared to standard clinical treatment. The results show that my integrated approach is as good or better than clinical treatment, and for a stratum of the study’s sample, the results are clinically meaningful. For my remaining thesis work, I propose to investigate methods for how to predict the short-term effect of a treatment (models of effects), and how to predict patient adherence to treatment (models of behavior). Mobile health researchers have identified the proposed work as crucial for the advancement of the field. Behavior models are necessary for reducing intervention burden and increasing engagement. Models of effects can inform the direction and strength treatments. My hypothesis is that both models could be used to compute the
Dietary intake of protein and fat and their relation to body fat mass in female students

A study carried out to investigate the dietary intake of protein and fat and their relation to Body Fat Mass among 60 female students of 22–24 years of age reveled that the girls of low Body Fat Mass Group (n=22), medium Body Fat Mass Group and high Body Fat Mass Group (n= 11) were taking 47.61, 48.85 and 49.31 g protein per day that is adequate to their needs and near to the LCMR recommendation (50 g per day). The fat consumption of all three groups were more than double (38.70 g fat/day for low Body Fat Mass Group, 38.42 g fat/day medium Body Fat Mass Group and 44.05 g fat/day for high Body Fat Mass Group) of ICMR recommendation (20g fat/day).
A Comparative Study of Prespeech Vocalizations in Two Groups of Toddlers with Cleft Palate and a Noncleft Group

Objective: This study examined the prelinguistic contoid (consonant-like) inventories of 14 children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (C-UCLP) at 13 months of age. The children had received primary veloplasty at 7 months of age and closure of the hard palate was performed at 3–5 years. The results of this investigation were compared to results previously reported for 19 children with cleft palate and 19 noncleft children at the age of 13 months. The children with clefts in that study received a two-stage palatal surgery. This surgical procedure was formerly used at our center and included closure of the lip and hard palate at 3 months of age and soft palate closure at 22 months of age. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: The participants were videorecorded in their homes during play with their mothers. The videotapes were transcribed independently by three trained speech pathologists. Patients: Fourteen consecutive patients born with C-UCLP and no known mental retardation or associated syndromes served as subjects. Results: The children who received delayed closure of the hard palate demonstrated a significantly richer variety of contoids in their prespeech vocalizations than the cleft children in the comparison group. Both groups of subjects with clefts had significantly fewer plosives in their contoid inventory than the noncleft group, and there was no difference regarding place of articulation between the group that received delayed closure of the hard palate and the noncleft group.
EFFECTS OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF VIGNA

A field study was conducted to examine the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of yard long bean, Vigna unguiculata Subsp. sesquipedalis L. Three rates (14.5 g, 11.2 g, 17.8 g/plant) of organic fertilizer (poultry manure) and three rates (5 g, 3 g, 7 g/plant) of inorganic fertilizer which is NPK blue special (12:12:17:2) were evaluated to study the growth and yield of yard long bean. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The application of fertilizer had significant effect on number of leaves and plant height but no significant effect on the chlorophyll content. The yield was also increased from two pods at a rate of 7 g of NPK blue special/plant to 16 pods at a rate of 14.5 g of poultry manure/plant. This study showed that the rate of fertilizer application for different types of fertilizers was not significant on the growth and yield parameters of yard long bean. The use of poultry manure at the rate of 17.8 g/plant was probably more suitable to elevate the growth and yield of yard long bean instead of using inorganic fertilizer.