Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Non-Classicality

ABSTRACT I show that standard dynamic approaches to the semantics of epistemic modals invalidate the classical laws of excluded middle and non-contradiction, as well as the law of ‘epistemic non-contradiction’. I argue that these heretofore unnoticed facts pose a serious challenge for these approaches.
The repeatability of colorimetry is precise(ly) as expected

The purpose of the study was to assess the repeatability of clinical assessments with the Intuitive Colorimeter, a repeatability classified as “poor” in a previous study. Patients underwent assessments with the Intuitive Colorimeter in two studies. In each study, one published by Suttle et al [1] and the other described herein, assessments were undertaken on two occasions. The studies differ in respect of the models of colorimeter used, the methods employed, the interval between examinations, and the masking of examiners. The repeatability was assessed using the methods currently used in clinical practice, which differ according to examiner. Both studies show a similar repeatability of the assessments. This repeatability is consistent with previous literature. We estimate the standard deviation of u’ and v’ coordinates each to be 0.020 and thereby obtain an estimate of the number of tinted trial lenses necessary when prescribing coloured filters. In patients with visual stress assessment with the Intuitive Colorimeter is repeatable. The minimum number of tints necessary for assessment is estimated to be 77.
Germanic Verb Second Languages. Attract vs. Repel: On Optionality, A-bar Movement and the Symmetrical/Asymmetrical Verb Second Hypothesis*

Im ’Minimalistischen Programm’ (Chomsky 1995) werden A-Bewegungen (’A- movements’, d.h. N-Hebung, V-Hebung usw.) und A’-Bewegungen (’A-bar- movements’, d.h. Extraposition, VP-Adjunktion, ’scrambling’ usw.) als sehr ungleichwertige Operationen behandelt. Der vorliegende Aufsatz untersucht die distinkten Eigenschaften von A-Bewegungen und A’-Bewegungen anhand von drei Gruppen von Argumenten, namlich Topikalisierung (Abschnitt 2), Verschiebung schwacher Pronomina (Abschnitt 3) und Verb-Zweit unter der Symmetrie-Annahme (Abschnitt 4). Die Konklusionen daraus sind, das die hier vertretene Analyse eine Moglichkeit bietet, A-Bewegungen und A’- Bewegungen zu unterscheiden, ohne letztere aus dem Zustandigkeitsbereich der Grammatik zu verbannen.
Feature Conditioning Based on DWT Sub-Bands Selection on Proposed Channels in BCI Speller

In this paper, we present a novel and efficient scheme for detection of P300 component of the event-related potential in the Brain Computer Interface (BCI) speller paradigm that needs significantly less EEG channels and uses a minimal subset of effective features. Removing unnecessary channels and reducing the feature dimension resulted in lower cost and shorter time and thus improved the BCI implementation. The idea was to employ a proper method to optimize the number of channels and feature vectors while keeping high accuracy in classification performance. Optimal channel selection was based on both discriminative criteria and forward-backward investigation. Besides, we obtained a minimal subset of effective features by choosing the discriminant coefficients of wavelet decomposition. Our algorithm was tested on dataset II of the BCI competition 2005. We achieved 92% accuracy using a simple LDA classifier, as compared with the second best result in BCI 2005 with an accuracy of 90.5% using SVM for classification which required more computation, and against the highest accuracy of 96.5% in BCI 2005 that used SVM and much more channels requiring excessive calculations. We also applied our proposed scheme on Hoffmann’s dataset to evaluate the effectiveness of channel reduction and achieved acceptable results.
How long are The Survival Time in the Industrial Sector of Indonesian Companies?

Cox Hazard model with time independent covariates is used to view the functions of survival and hazard for each group of industrial sector of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The hazard explains whether events of financial distress will occur in companies that have survived for a certain period. The survival function shows the relationship between probabilities to survive and time, in which time indicates the duration of an event (financial distress). The results of statistical analysis show that the survival time for each industrial group varies from 10.5 to 12.5 years. The results can be used as a basic idea for companies to determine when the preventive actions should be conducted so that companies will sustain their business.
Searching in the regulatory environment: The impact of regulatory search on firm innovativeness

This article examines the effect of regulatory search on firm innovativeness using survey data from Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) of Australian listed and private firms. We used a self-developed scale to measure regulatory search, which consists of both reactive and proactive regulatory search. The results show that only reactive regulatory search exhibits a positive and direct association with firm innovativeness. However, the results suggest that slack moderates the relations between the two regulatory search factors and innovativeness in different ways. Specifically, under a high (low) slack environment, reactive regulatory search is negatively (positively) related to innovativeness, while, under a high (low) slack environment, proactive regulatory search is positively (negatively) related to innovativeness. JEL Classification: L51, O31
Amblyopia A Historical Consideration

Paliaga A historical consideration of amblyopia treatment would undoubtedly lead the reader to conclude that this topic is fraught with empirical innovation, yet lacking in critical evaluation, and appearing to be insufficiently evidence based. If the history of amblyopia were to be classified on this basis of particular study designs within its hierarchy, defining the relative weight given to research findings when treatment decisions come to be made, then pictorially this would resemble a somewhat bottom-heavy pyramid with perhaps just a few systematic review at its apex.This article does not attempt to elucidate the extraordinary complexity of amblyopia, nor does it attempt to define the current scope of our knowledge. It just endeavours to summarize certain major milestone as regard to development and treatment of amblyopia in animal models and in humans.Our understanding of amblyopia is based on studies of experimentally produced strabismic, anisometropic and stimulus deprivation amblyopia in animal models. Extensive studies of clinical amblyopia have been made using psychological, electrophysiologic and behavioral methods. The results of these investigations have revealed a complex syndrome of sensory and motor anomalies, of which reduced visual activity is the most prominent part of the overall disturbance clinically. Inherent limitations in clinical research methods, however, have precluded precise analysis of the amblyogenic mechanisms and identification of its seat within the retino-cortical pathway. Von Graefe defined it as the condition in which the observer sees nothing, and the patients very little. It is the functional counterpart of the neurophysiologic and neuroanatomic aberrations that result from abnormal visual experiences in early childhood. Chavasses concept of amblyopia of arrest states that the visual acuity remains at the level of development present at the time of onset of strabismus, which if persistent would result in superimposition of suppression amblyopia called amblyopia of extinction[1].
Air pollution and tourism demand: A case study of Beijing, China

This paper analyses the inter-relationship between air pollution and tourism demand in emergent economies. Beijing was selected as a case study since it represents a paradigmatic example of tourism growth in a highly urbanized and industrialized city. Methodologically, a gravity model was applied incorporating air quality variables into the tourism demand model. Results allow to compare the negative effect of air pollution on domestic and inbound tourism and reveal which published air pollution indicators are really considered by tourists in the decision to travel to Beijing.
Impact of Financial Control Mechanisms on Profitability Performance: A Case of Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria

Over the years, the success of manufacturing industries has attracted the attention of academicians, managers and other professionals. This is cardinal because identifying the key success factors of manufacturing firms’ profitability will allow for designing of tailored policies and strategies that will significantly improve the overall performance of the sector. (Siyanbola, 2013). In spite of the seeming increased attention in the running of the manufacturing sector in Nigeria, together with the institutional support to sustain this sector, performance in some have appeared to be below expectations. (Adebayo and Onyeiwu, 2018)
Profitability and Efficiency of High Nature Value Marginal Farming in England

The UK Brexit vote triggered a new wave of policy development for a future outside the EU. In that context, this paper presents analysis investigating the business performance of English hill and upland farms, characterised by marginal economic conditions but also high nature value (HNV). The analysis aims to help identify farm-level management and policy options for greater economic, environmental and social sustainability. Business performance is measured as technical efficiency and the occurrence and persistence of abnormal profits, estimated through stochastic frontier analysis and static and dynamic panel-data methods. The results help indicate rationales for recent trends including farm enlargement, farm family diversification, and agri-environment scheme entry. The single farm payment was negatively associated with farms technical efficiency but positively associated to short-term farm profitability. Farm adaptation and resilience during a period of likely turbulence in external circumstances is discussed in light of these findings, as well as potential parallels with marginal HNV areas across Europe.
Student Information Use and Decision-Making in Innovation Competitions and the Impact of Librarian Interventions

ABSTRACT At a large Midwestern university, librarians work closely with an annual undergraduate agricultural innovation competition to guide students through the process of conducting market research and assessing patentability. In 2018, the authors conducted an exploratory study using focus groups of students who had participated in that year’s competition in order to learn how students find and use information in a competition setting, to evaluate the impact of library support on the students’ success, and inform further assessment activities. Results showed that students used information from the library and from their own research, notably seeking out first-hand expertise, to practice evidence-based decision-making.
Political Recentralisation and the Diffusion of Solar Energy in China

Abstract This article uses principal–agent theory to examine the governance of solar energy in China and question the notion of ‘fragmented authoritarianism’ in Chinese governance. It demonstrates that the governance of solar energy in China operates on two levels, with ‘police patrol’ control and monitoring mechanisms at the meso- or sectoral level combined with ‘fire alarm’ modes of political control at the micro-level. Drawing on original interview material, we argue that this two-level model and distinct set of supervisory institutions have allowed China, as a relatively late entrant into the solar energy sector, to address the growing environmental emergency within China and catch up technologically with the West.
Financial Problems and Corresponding Solutions to the Model of "Shared Economy"——Take Shared Bicycle as an Example

With the development of the global economy and the maturity of mobile internet technology, the concept of "shared economy" is gradually gaining popularity. At the same time, the commercial market has undergone tremendous changes, giving birth to a series of products under the mode of shared economy. The most typical of which is shared bicycle, it has greatly changed the way people travel, making lives more convenient and also boost the economy. However, a variety of problems come with it, including a series of financial problems about investment, financing, operation and accounting confirmation. Therefore, through consulting a lot of relevant literature, this article starts from the analysis of the current situation of bicycle market under the mode of shared economy, taking the sharing bicycle as an example to identify the financial problems as well as their causes, and then puts forward a series of suggestions so as to ensure that the shared economy develops healthily and prosperously.
ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER DEMAND FOR FERMENTED CASTOR OIL SEED (OGIRI) IN ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA

The study analyzed consumer demand for fermented castor oil seed ( Ricinus communls ) which is used as food seasoning in Anambra State, Nigeria. It specifically analyzed the price elasticity of demand and determined the factors that influence the demand for the product. Cross sectional data were collected from 48 respondents spread across two Local Government Areas of the State. The price elasticity of demand model and the Ordinary Least Squares multiple regression technique were used to analyzed the data. The results showed that the consumers had up to secondary education level of education and had an average monthly disposal income of N 27000. Demand for ogiri was relatively inelastic. Price of the product, age of the consumer and price of close substitute negatively influenced demand for the product while disposal income and level of education of the consumer positively influenced demand for the product. The study recommended increased production of castor oil seed as well as continuous consumer education in the area.
Post-Stall Prediction of Multiple-Lifting-Surface Configurations Using a Decambering Approach

RINKU MUKHERJEE. Post-Stall Prediction of Multiple-Lifting-Surface Configurations Using a Decambering Approach. (Under the direction of Dr. Ashok Gopalarathnam.) A novel scheme is presented for an iterative decambering approach to predict the post-stall characteristics of wings using known section data as inputs. The new scheme differs from earlier ones in the details of how the residual in the Newton iteration is computed. With earlier schemes, multiple solutions are obtained for wings at high angles of attack as the final converged solution depends on the initial conditions used for the iteration. With this scheme, multiple solutions at high angles of attack are brought to light right during the computation of the residuals for the Newton iteration. In general, the new scheme is found to be more robust at achieving convergence. Experimental validation is provided using experimental airfoil lift curves from Naik and Ostowari for three different aspect ratios of rectangular wings. Results are presented from a study of the stall characteristics of wings of different planform shapes and two configurations of a wing-tail and a wing-canard configuration. Results are also presented from a study to investigate possible asymmetric lift distributions when the iterations were started with an initial asymmetric distribution of the decambering. Post-Stall Prediction of Multiple-Lifting-Surface Configurations Using a Decambering Approach
The Effect of Company Reputation and Business Strategy on Company Performance of Banking Industry in Indonesia

The number of offices and assets of go-public banking has increased, but their performance has grown unstable. The condition is allegedly related to the issues of business strategy and company reputation. Hence, this study aims to examine the influence of company reputation and business strategy on banking performance in Indonesia. The research uses quantitative research approach on unit of analysis national banking that has been go-public. So the population in this study is all national banks including government, private, and foreign owned which have been go-public. The process of observation is cross section / one shot, ie in 2017. The primary data is obtained through questionnaire towards 43 go-public banks conducted by a census. Analysis of causality to answer the purpose of research, use Partial Least Square (PLS). The results show that the company's reputation and business strategy significantly affect the performance of banking companies in Indonesia either simultaneously or partially. Partially, business strategy is more dominant in affecting company performance than company reputation.
Supply chain integration, organizational performance and balanced scorecard: An empirical study of the banking sector in Jordan

This paper examines the impact of supply chain integration on organizational performance in Jordanian banking sector. Supply chain integration is divided into two categories: customer and internal integration. Organizational performance comprises of the following perspectives: customers, internal processes, organizational capacity and stewardship. The results demonstrate that supply chain integration is significantly related to organizational performance. Evidence of the improved organisational performance is also provided in the feedback from some of the surveyed banks. Internal integration impacts all four organizational performance dimensions; however, customer integration has impact only on customer perspective. The results suggest that improved customer involvement could help develop the banks' performance. Primary data was collected by using a questionnaire at Jordanian banks. The research model was tested using data from the sample (n=112) of nine banks in Jordan. The data was analysed by means of exploratory factor analysis. The results of the multiple regression analysis show that supply chain integration effects significantly organizational performance
Between a demonstrative and a pronoun. The status of 'in' in Old Swedish

The definite article in the Modern Nordic languages is a suffix, etymologically related to a demonstrative. The form is not attested in runic inscriptions, the oldest linguistic sources, but first appears in Icelandic sagas as well as in Swedish and Danish legal codices from 13th century onwards. However, in these texts it does not appear with the same regularity as in modern languages. The Old Swedish form constitutes an intermediate form between a demonstrative, from which it is derived, and the article it has become in Modern Swedish. In the oldest texts it appears in contexts where demonstratives can only be found sporadically and its form suggests it no longer is a demonstrative. At the same time it is not yet obligatory. The aim of this paper is to show the grammaticalization of the definite article as a gradual, dynamic process, involving changes in the form and functional scope of the grammaticalizing item and to consider the properties of the Old Swedish form - in , derived from the distal demonstrative hin ‘that’.
The Influence of Good Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility on Firm Value: Evidence from Indonesia

The company goal is to maximize the shareholders’ prosperity, not just to maximize profit. The fact is that the company not only has economic responsibility but also social responsibility to the community and its environment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of good corporate governance (GCG) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the firm value. The research sample of 15 companies was taken using purposive sampling from companies listed in the LQ-45 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2014-2017. This study uses panel data regression analysis with Random Effect model method. GCG is a representation of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, independent commissioner, and audit committee. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence between GCG and CSR on firm value simultaneously. Partially, independent Commissioners and CSR each have an influence on the firm value, but there is an anomaly.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Reports on “Bring Back our Girls” Campaign in Nigerian Newspapers

This paper analyses news reports of “Bring Back Our Girls” campaign in Nigerian newspapers. The “Bring Back Our Girls” advocacy group was formed to pressure the Nigerian government to intensify efforts to rescue the over two hundred school girls abducted by Boko Haram insurgents at Chibok, Borno State, north east Nigeria. The abduction which took place in April 2014 and the subsequent campaign to release the girls received global media attention including many newspapers in the country. The study therefore analyses the schematic directions, discursive strategies and context of the discourse reports of “Bring Back Our Girls” campaigns in Nigerian newspapers using critical discourse analysis. The corpus was purposively selected from three nationally circulating newspapers: Leadership, New Telegraph and Daily Trust published from1st May to 31st July, 2014. Descriptive design was adopted using Fairclough (1995) model of critical discourse analysis. Findings show that narration and criticism constitute the dominant schematic directions of newspaper reports of the campaign; on the discursive strategy, it is found out that rationalization, narrativisation and argumentation account for 80% of the discourse and the context revealed that there is negative use of language because the campaigners and the then government of the day were loggerheads over the issue. The study concludes that due to high prevalence of criticism and rationalization in the corpus, the discourse the text of newspaper report of Bring Back Our Girls campaign largely reflected the narrative and argument of the group against the government which has responsibility to protect and rescue the abducted girls.
What explains India’s poor performance in garments exports: evidence from five clusters?

In this paper, we examine the Indian apparel industry to examine the effect of clusters on the sales of this industry. The data has been collected through a primary survey in five garments clusters in India. The variable that is significant in explaining sales in most equations is technology proxied by imported machinery. It has been argued that inter-firm linkages and linkages between firms, service providers and institutions are crucial for competitiveness and this is best achieved through a cluster. Studies on clusters have shown that some clusters have been able to deepen their inter-firm division of labour, raise their competitiveness and break into international markets. Agglomeration may arise from the specialization of a region in a particular industry where firms share common inputs or knowledge. We argue that the main reason for India’s poor performance in garments (compared to other South Asian countries such as Bangladesh) is the lack of proper clusters. The development of the cluster in India has followed the ‘top down’ approach and the natural process through which linkages are developed are yet to occur in most clusters.