Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Excessive uterine activity during labor.

November/December 2008 One of the most critical aspects of safe nursing care during labor induction and augmentation is titration of intravenous (IV) oxytocin based on maternal and fetal response. Vigilance is required to avoid excessive uterine activity, because it can increase risk of fetal compromise and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Recent research suggests risk of progressive deterioration in fetal status in the context of excessive uterine activity. In a study that involved 1,433 women, contractions that occurred every 5 minutes or more during the last hour of first-stage labor were associated with newborn acidemia at birth (umbilical artery pH < 7.11) (Bakker, Kurver, Kuik, & van Geijn, 2007). This same contraction frequency over 30 minutes in the firststage labor is also associated with a 20% to 29% decrease in fetal oxygen saturation (Simpson & James, 2008). During excessive uterine activity, the fetus attempts to compensate because uterine blood flow and fetal oxygenation are negatively affected, which activates the autonomic nervous system and results in a decrease in fetal heart rate (FHR) variability and appearance of recurrent decelerations (Bakker & van Geijn, 2008). These findings are consistent with earlier evidence that suggests that over time, excessive uterine activity during labor can have a negative effect on fetal status and newborn outcomes at birth (Bakker & van Geijn, 2008). In the context of maternal–fetal assessments by labor nurses every 15 minutes during oxytocin-induced labor, the question arises as to how excessive uterine activity occurs. One issue is lack of consensus regarding what constitutes normal versus excessive uterine activity. For example, some clinicians believe Excessive Uterine Activity During Labor
Terapia comunitária integrativa na estratégia saúde da família: análise acerca dos depoimentos dos seus participantes.

A Terapia Comunitaria Integrativa (TCI) inseriu-se no Sistema Unico de Saude (SUS), desde o ano de 2008, como uma pratica integrativa de cuidado essencial da rede de atencao basica a saude e vem se expandindo a cada dia nos espacos comunitarios de forma exitosa e inovadora. Objetivou-se analisar os depoimentos finais dos participantes de um grupo de TCI realizado na Estrategia Saude da Familia (ESF) Ambulantes do Municipio de Joao Pessoa/PB/Brasil. Pesquisa exploratoria e descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com portadores de hipertensao e diabetes participantes das rodas de TCI da ESF Ambulantes. Como este artigo trata-se de um recorte do Trabalho de Conclusao de Curso intitulado: A Formacao do Terapeuta Comunitario um Novo Caminho para Saude Mental, para sua construcao, foram analisadas 25 fichas de registro das TCI ocorridas no ano de 2007, porem, sua analise ocorreu entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2011 apos aprovacao do Comite de Etica em Pesquisa. Os depoimentos finais constituiram o material empirico que foi transformado em narrativas e analisado com base nas tecnicas de analise de enunciacao e tematica. Os resultados possibilitaram a construcao das categorias: Construcao da resiliencia; TCI como possibilitador do alivio do sofrimento; TCI como melhoria da autoestima; Fortalecendo lacos familiares e sociais atraves da participacao na TCI. Os participantes mostraram-se mais fortes para superar seu sofrimento psiquico, melhorando sua autoestima e aprendendo a superar conflitos familiares e sociais, constatando-se, assim, que as rodas de TCI foram fundamentais para o alivio de suas dores e para o aumento da resiliencia.
Working With Teen Moms and Babies at Risk: The Power of Partnering

Purpose:To describe the nature of how nurses establish and maintain relationships with first-time pregnant, poor teenagers and their families to achieve health and life course outcomes. Study Design:Qualitative grounded theory was used to develop a conceptual framework for establishing and maintaining nurse-client relationships with a vulnerable population. Methods:Twelve focus groups were conducted with six nurses who worked in long-term relationships with a diverse and vulnerable group of women. Broad interview questions were used to describe the basic social process and the phases, action processes, and influencing factors in the relationship. The nurse participants and a group of patients confirmed the credibility of the theory. Eight nurses in similar practice settings across the country also confirmed the fit of the theory to their own practices, and an expert consultant verified the auditability of the study. Results:The grounded theory of "partnering" was found to address phases of engaging the client, working on mutual goals, and disengaging. Trust is a turning point in the relationship and action processes address persevering and managing boundaries. Influencing factors related to client, nurse, and the healthcare system serve as barriers and facilitators. Clinical Implications:Partnering as a conceptual framework may prove useful for working with other diverse and vulnerable clients after testing in different populations and settings.
A randomised control trial of the cognitive effects of working in a seated as opposed to a standing position in office workers

Abstract Sedentary behaviour is increasing and has been identified as a potential significant health risk, particularly for desk-based employees. The development of sit-stand workstations in the workplace is one approach to reduce sedentary behaviour. However, there is uncertainty about the effects of sit-stand workstations on cognitive functioning. A sample of 36 university staff participated in a within-subjects randomised control trial examining the effect of sitting vs. standing for one hour per day for five consecutive days on attention, information processing speed, short-term memory, working memory and task efficiency. The results of the study showed no statistically significant difference in cognitive performance or work efficiency between the sitting and standing conditions, with all effect sizes being small to very small (all ds < .2). This result suggests that the use of sit-stand workstations is not associated with a reduction in cognitive performance. Practitioner Summary: Although it has been reported that the use of sit-stand desks may help offset adverse health effects of prolonged sitting, there is scant evidence about changes in productivity. This randomised control study showed that there was no difference between sitting and standing for one hour on cognitive function or task efficiency in university staff.
Late Preterm Infants and Risk for RSV

Late preterm infants, born between 34 and 36 6/7 weeks gestation, are physiologically immature and at risk for a variety of complications including infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). RSV infection that spreads to the lower respiratory tract results in hospitalization of these high-risk infants, where nurses provide nursing care focusing on suctioning, maintaining fluid balance, temperature control, and oxygenation. This article describes the risk and incidence of RSV infection in late preterm infants and the necessary subsequent hospital, home, and clinic care. Prevention, including prophylaxis with palivizumab therapy, as well as clinical practice guidelines for medical care are described, as well as resources where current guidelines can be accessed.
Associations between firefighters’ physical activity across multiple shifts of wildfire suppression

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the associations between firefighters’ physical activity levels across consecutive wildfire suppression shifts and to determine whether sleep duration moderated these associations. Forty volunteer firefighters (31 males, 9 females) wore an activity monitor to concurrently measure physical activity and sleep duration. Sedentary time and time spent in light- (LPA), moderate- (MPA), and vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) during each shift were determined using monitor-specific cut points. During any given shift, every additional 60 min spent in LPA was associated with 7.2 min more LPA and 27.6 min MPA the following shift. There were no other significant positive or negative associations. No significant moderating effect of total sleep time was observed. Firefighters are able to maintain and/or increase their physical activity intensity between consecutive shifts. Further research is needed to understand firefighters pacing and energy conservation strategies during emergency wildfire deployments. Practitioner Summary: To examine associations between firefighters’ physical activity levels across consecutive shifts during a multi-day emergency wildfire and determine whether sleep duration moderated these associations. Firefighters are able to maintain and/or increase their physical activity intensity between consecutive shifts. No significant moderating effect of total sleep time was observed.
The Effect of Consistent Nursing Shifts on Teamwork and Continuity of Care

To attract nurses to the workforce, scheduling of nurses on patient care units has evolved into a mixture of 4-, 6-, 8-, and 12-hour shifts. The result is chaotic as staff members come and go at varying times, creating the need for multiple handoffs and reassignment of patients. Effective teamwork and continuity of care are difficult, if not impossible, to achieve under these circumstances. The authors describe the effect of using just 1 shift length for all nursing staff.
Nature: a new paradigm for well-being and ergonomics

Abstract Nature is presented as a new paradigm for ergonomics. As a discipline concerned with well-being, the importance of natural environments for wellness should be part of ergonomics knowledge and practice. This position is supported by providing a concise summary of the evidence of the value of the natural environment to well-being. Further, an emerging body of research has found relationships between well-being and a connection to nature, a concept that reveals the integrative character of human experience which can inform wider practice and epistemology in ergonomics. Practitioners are encouraged to bring nature into the workplace, so that ergonomics keeps pace with the move to nature-based solutions, but also as a necessity in the current ecological and social context. Practitioner Summary: Nature-based solutions are coming to the fore to address societal challenges such as well-being. As ergonomics is concerned with well-being, there is a need for a paradigm shift in the discipline. This position is supported by providing a concise summary of the evidence of the value of the natural environment to well-being.
The biomechanical demands of manual scaling on the shoulders & neck of dental hygienists

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the postural and muscular demands placed on the shoulders and neck of dental hygienists when performing a simulated manual scaling task. Nineteen healthy female dental hygienists performed 30-min of simulated manual scaling on a manikin head in a laboratory setting. Surface electromyography was used to monitor muscle activity from several neck and shoulder muscles, and neck and arm elevation kinematics were evaluated using motion capture. The simulated scaling task resulted in a large range of neck and arm elevation angles and excessive low-level muscular demands in the neck extensor and scapular stabilising muscles. The physical demands varied depending on the working position of the hygienists relative to the manikin head. These findings are valuable in guiding future ergonomics interventions aimed at reducing the physical exposures of dental hygiene work. Practitioner Summary: Given that this study evaluates the physical demands of manual scaling, a procedure that is fundamental to dental hygiene work, the findings are valuable to identify ergonomics interventions to reduce the prevalence of work-related injuries, disability and the potential for early retirement among this occupational group.
AMEE Guide No. 14: Outcome-based education: Part 3-Assessment in outcome-based education

The role of performance assessment in outcomebased education is discussed emphasizing the relationship and interplay between these two related paradigms. Issues of the relevancy of assessment to student learning are highlighted in the context of outcome-based education.The importance of defining assessment premises and the role of institutions in defining their educational philosophy as it pertains to student learning and assessment is also presented. A brief description of implementation guidelines of assessment programs in outcome-based education are presented indicating the key features of such programs.
Two novel AIRE mutations in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy‐candidiasis‐ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) among Indians

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy‐candidiasis‐ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a rare recessive disorder resulting from mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. There is no information on AIRE mutations in Indians. In a cross‐sectional study, nine patients (eight families), from four referral hospitals in India, were studied for AIRE mutations by direct sequencing. We screened for new mutations in 150 controls by allele‐specific PCR. The patients had 1–7 known components of APECED. Three patients had unusual manifestations: presentation with type 1 diabetes; chronic sinusitis and otitis media; and facial dysmorphism. All patients carried homozygous, probably recessive, AIRE mutations. Two unrelated patients from a small in‐bred community (Vanika Vaisya) in south India carried an unreported missense mutation, p.V80G, in the N‐terminal caspase recruitment domain. Another unique mutation, p.C302X, resulting in a truncated protein with deletion of both zinc‐finger domains, was detected in a patient from Gujarat. Neither mutation was detected in controls. Other mutations, previously described in Caucasians, were: 13 base pair deletion (p.C322fsX372) in 4 (38%), and Finn‐major (p.R257X) and p.R139X (Sardinian) mutation in one subject each. In conclusion, in this first series of APECED in Indians, we detected AIRE mutations previously reported in Caucasians, as well as unique mutations. Of these, p.V80G is possibly an ancestral mutation in an in‐bred community.
Scoliosis brace design: influence of visual aesthetics on user acceptance and compliance

Abstract Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a common condition found in adolescents. A rigid brace is often prescribed as the treatment for this spinal deformity, which negatively affects user compliance due to the discomfort caused by the brace, and the psychological distress resulting from its appearance. However, the latter, which is the impact of visual aesthetics, has not been thoroughly studied for scoliosis braces. Therefore, a qualitative study with in-depth interviews has been carried out with 10 participants who have a Cobb angle of 20°–30° to determine the impact of visual aesthetics on user acceptance and compliance towards the brace. It is found that co-designing with patients on the aesthetic aspects of the surface design of the brace increases the level of user compliance and induces positive user perception. Therefore, aesthetic preferences need to be taken into consideration in the design process of braces. Practitioner Summary: The impact of visual aesthetics on user acceptance and compliance towards a rigid brace for scoliosis is investigated. The findings indicate that an aesthetically pleasing brace and the involvement of patients in the design process of the brace are important for increasing user compliance and addressing psychological issues during treatment.
Fluctuations of the experience of togetherness within the team over time: task-cohesion and shared understanding throughout a sporting regular season

Abstract Based on a diagnosis action research design, the present study assessed the fluctuations of the team experience of togetherness. Reported experiences of 12 basketball team members playing in the under-18 years old national championship were studied during a four-month training and competitive period. Time series analysis (Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average procedures) served to describe temporal properties of the way in which the fluctuations of task-cohesion and shared understanding were step-by-step experienced over time, respectively. Correlations, running-correlations and cross-lagged correlations were used to describe the temporal links that governed the relationships between both phenomena. The results indicated that the task-cohesion dimensions differed mainly for shared understanding dynamics in that their time fluctuations were not embedded in external events, and that the variations in shared understanding tend to precede ‘individual attractions to the task’ variations with seven team practical sessions. This study argues for further investigation of how ‘togetherness’ is experienced alternatively as a feeling of cohesion or shared understanding. Practitioner Summary: The present action research study investigated the experience that the team members have to share information during practice, and the subsequent benefices on team cohesion. Results call for specific interventions that make team members accept the fluctuating nature of team phenomena, to help them maintaining their daily efforts.
The impact of office chair features on lumbar lordosis, intervertebral joint and sacral tilt angles: a radiographic assessment

Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to determine which office chair feature is better at improving spine posture in sitting. Method: Participants (n = 28) were radiographed in standing, maximum flexion and seated in four chair conditions: control, lumbar support, seat pan tilt and backrest with scapular relief. Measures of lumbar lordosis, intervertebral joint angles and sacral tilt were compared between conditions and sex. Results: Sitting consisted of approximately 70% of maximum range of spine flexion. No differences in lumbar flexion were found between the chair features or control. Significantly more anterior pelvic rotation was found with the lumbar support (p = 0.0028) and seat pan tilt (p < 0.0001). Males had significantly more anterior pelvic rotation and extended intervertebral joint angles through L1–L3 in all conditions (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: No one feature was statistically superior with respect to minimising spine flexion, however, seat pan tilt resulted in significantly improved pelvic posture. Practitioner Summary: Seat pan tilt, and to some extent lumbar supports, appear to improve seated postures. However, sitting, regardless of chair features used, still involves near end range flexion of the spine. This will increase stresses to the spine and could be a potential injury generator during prolonged seated exposures.
The association between shift work and treatment-seeking migraine in Denmark

Abstract In Europe, the one-year prevalence of migraine is 14.9% and migraine is on the top-10 list of leading causes of years lost to disability. Sleep disturbances and irregular daily routines are considered triggers of migraine and these factors are well-known consequences of shift work. We studied the association between treatment-seeking migraine and shift work, categorised as fixed evening work, fixed night work and variable working hours with and without night work in a Danish working population of 5872 participants. When compared with fixed day workers, only participants with fixed evening work were found to have significantly increased odds of reporting treatment-seeking migraine after adjustment for socio-demographic and behavioural covariates (OR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.05–2.32). Participants with seniority of 10 years or more notably accounted for this association. Due to the cross-sectional design, selection mechanisms may have biased the results. Practitioner Summary: The study showed higher odds of treatment-seeking migraine among evening workers even when taking a range of potential confounders into account. Due to the cross-sectional design, we cannot draw any causal inferences, but potential mechanisms underlying the present study are discussed, with an emphasis on possible selection into evening work.
The Use of Speech Audiometry in Aural Rehabilitation

Assistant Professor, Speech Pathology and Audiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. Aural rehabilitation has long been criticized for its lack of valid assessment and measurement tools. This deficit has resulted in inconsistent patient referral, ineffective treatment planning, and poor documentation of progress in therapy. The development of this situation is partially due to the gap between diagnostic and rehabilitative audiology. Too often, valuable rehabilitative information that could be obtained during diagnostic testing is ignored in favor of obtaining a single score. Reliance on a percent correct speech discrimination score has contributed to the undirected state of aural rehabilitation. Decisions on therapy placement are often based on a single score of word recognition in combination with a pure tone audiogram. Yet patients with identical word recognition scores may demonstrate very different performances, for example, phonemic confusions, and have very different rehabilitative needs. Separating these patients and making informed referrals for therapy demands that more intensive, probing testing be undertaken! Continuing to use a percent correct speech discrimination score creates a situation in which referral for therapy becomes haphazard with little basis for predicting success. In addition, individual treatment planning in aural rehabilitation is often conducted without further exploration of the individual's speech recognition strengths and weaknesses. And while a single score of percentage correct on a standard speech discrimination test permits comparison between, individuals, it does not reveal the types of discrimination problems the individual may have (McPherson and Pang-Ching, 1979). Reliance on this score leaves the rehabilitative audiologist with two alternatives for aural rehabilitative planning. First, the clinician can depend on the patient's subjective report of auditory difficulties.
Noise disturbance in open-plan study environments: a field study on noise sources, student tasks and room acoustic parameters

Abstract The aim of this study is to gain more insight in the assessment of noise in open-plan study environments and to reveal correlations between noise disturbance experienced by students and the noise sources they perceive, the tasks they perform and the acoustic parameters of the open-plan study environment they work in. Data were collected in five open-plan study environments at universities in the Netherlands. A questionnaire was used to investigate student tasks, perceived sound sources and their perceived disturbance, and sound measurements were performed to determine the room acoustic parameters. This study shows that 38% of the surveyed students are disturbed by background noise in an open-plan study environment. Students are mostly disturbed by speech when performing complex cognitive tasks like studying for an exam, reading and writing. Significant but weak correlations were found between the room acoustic parameters and noise disturbance of students. Practitioner Summary: A field study was conducted to gain more insight in the assessment of noise in open-plan study environments at universities in the Netherlands. More than one third of the students was disturbed by noise. An interaction effect was found for task type, source type and room acoustic parameters.
Group Mentoring: A Transition-to-Work Strategy

Current financial constraints and workplace staffing shortages challenge the viability of using one-on-one mentoring models to support new graduate nurses. This article describes an innovative strategy for mentoring a large cohort of new nurses. Using a Group Mentoring Team, education specialists in a small rural hospital implemented a cost-effective program to help new nurses gain confidence and competence in the first year of nursing practice.