Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accounting Conservatism and Earning Quality

The purpose research is to examine other variables that also affect the relationship between conservatism and earnings quality. Good Corporate Governance is a set of mechanisms that can protect minority shareholders from expropriation by managers and insider shareholders with an emphasis on legal mechanisms. Data Population are companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2010-20015. The sample selection is based on purposive sampling method with the purpose of obtaining a representative sample. The results of this study indicate that the Instrumental Variables Conservatism has a significant positive effect on the Earning Quality. This means that management positively signals the application of accounting conservatism within the company and has an impact on improving the quality of earnings. The next investor is expected to provide more valuations by providing a high premium for the company's stock price.
Childhood intestinal obstruction in Northwestern Nigeria.

BACKGROUND Intestinal obstruction is a common cause of childhood surgical emergency in the tropics. The aim of this paper was to assess the pattern and the outcome of mangement of intestinal obstruction in Nigerian children. STUDY DESIGN The clinical reccords of all the cases of childhood intestinal obstructions managed at a teaching hospital in northwestern Nigeria between 1999 and 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS There were 54 children, 44(81.5 %) were boys and 10 (8.5 %) were girls (m:f=4.4:1). Fifteen (27.8%) and 22 (46.2%) were neonates and infants, respectively. The causes of the intestinal obstruction were intussusception 16(29.6 %), Hirschprung's disease 14(25.9%), anorectal anomaly 12 (22.2%), external hernias 6(11.1%), atresia 5(9.3%) and congenital bands 1(1.9 %). The clinical features were consistent with those reported from other parts of the world, except that many patients with intussusception presented late with gangrenous intestines. The overall mortality was 6(11.1 %); the mortality in the neonates was 5(33.3 %). CONCLUSION Apart from the obvious absence of worm infestation, the aetiological pattern and the clinical presentation of childhood intestinal obstruction in this study agrees with those reported from other parts of the country. Their management is associated with high mortality in our environment, especially when there are associated anomalies or the presentation is late.
Autoimmune thyroid disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Background: The reported prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease (3.9–24%) and antithyroid antibodies (11–51%) in SLE varies considerably. Early reports were mainly based on short term studies of small cohorts. Objective: To report the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease and thyroid antibodies in 300 patients with SLE, followed up at our centre between 1978 and 2000, by a retrospective analysis of case notes. Results: The prevalence (5.7%) of hypothyroidism in our cohort was higher than in the normal population (1%), while that of hyperthyroidism (1.7%) was not significantly different. Overall 42/300 (14%) of our cohort had thyroid antibodies, rising to 15/22 (68%) in the subgroup who also had thyroid disease (p<0.001). Both antimicrosomal and antithyroglobulin antibodies were detected. The antibodies were found in equally high frequency in the hyperthyroid subgroup (80% patients), whereas in the hypothyroid subgroup antimicrosomal antibodies were more frequent than antithyroglobulin antibodies (64% v 41%). There was no significant difference in the frequency with which antimicrosomal or antithyroglobulin antibodies were detected between the hyperthyroid and hypothyroid subgroups (p>0.2). Conclusion: Our patients with SLE had a prevalence of hypothyroidism, but not hyperthyroidism, greater than that of the normal population. The presence of either condition was associated with a higher frequency of both antimicrosomal and antithyroglobulin antibodies.
Interleukin‐6 protects liver against warm ischemia/reperfusion injury and promotes hepatocyte proliferation in the rodent

Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) is an acute reactant cytokine with anti‐inflammatory properties, which has been found to prevent injury in a model of acute hepatitis in mice through downregulation of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α); to correlate inversely with markers of hepatocellular injury in patients with liver ischemia; and to initiate liver regeneration in mice. In this study, we investigated the role of IL‐6 in rodent models of hepatic warm ischemia/reperfusion (WI/Rp) injury. IL‐6‐deficient mice (‐/‐) were subjected to hepatic WI and compared with C57BL/6 mice, as well as IL‐6 ‐/‐ mice pretreated with recombinant IL‐6 (rIL‐6). The effects of rIL‐6 following various periods of ischemia were further studied in models of hepatic ischemia in rats. IL‐6 ‐/‐ mice had increased reperfusion injury as assessed by transaminase levels and a tissue necrosis scoring system when compared with controls, an effect prevented by pretreatment with rIL‐6. Similarly, rats pretreated with rIL‐6 had reduced reperfusion injury and better survival than controls in each respective WI group. Tissue TNF‐α expression measured by Northern blot analysis and serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels, a marker of inflammation, were significantly reduced in animals pretreated with rIL‐6. Administration of antibodies to TNF‐α reproduced the beneficial effect of rIL‐6. Hepatocyte proliferation, as assessed by a scoring method for mitotic index and proliferating nuclear cell antigen staining, was markedly increased in rIL‐6‐treated rats when compared with controls. In conclusion, this study suggests that IL‐6 could play an important role in limiting hepatic warm ischemia/reperfusion (WI/Rp) injury, probably through its anti‐inflammatory properties, modulation of TNF‐α, and/or promotion of liver regeneration. rIL‐6 might become an important cytokine in clinical situations associated with WI/Rp injury.
Analysis of the workers head transcriptome of the Asian subterranean termite, Coptotermes gestroi

Abstract The lower termite, Coptotermes gestroi (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), is originally from Southeast Asia and has become a pest in Brazil. The main goal of this study was to survey C. gestroi transcriptome composition. To accomplish this, we sequenced and analyzed 3003 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) isolated from libraries of worker heads. After assembly, 695 uniESTs were obtained from which 349 have similarity with known sequences. Comparison with insect genomes demonstrated similarity, primarily with genes from Apis mellifera (28%), Tribolium castaneum (28%) and Aedes aegypti (10%). Notably, we identified two endogenous cellulases in the sequences, which may be of interest for biotechnological applications. The results presented in this work represent the first genomic study of the Asian subterranean termite, Coptotermes gestroi.
Laryngeal Malignancies and Computerized Tomography

We compared the anatomic structures, computerized tomographic (CT) scan images and the histopathologic findings after surgery in 15 patients with laryngeal epidermoid carcinoma. We examined the horizontal whole-mount histologic sections along with the preoperative CT and verified the preoperative impression of the soft tissue changes of preepiglottic space involvement; true cord, false cord and aryepiglottic fold invasion; or subglottic extension in all 15 patients. It was impossible to judge reliably the microscopic invasion of bone or cartilage with this method. Preoperative CT evaluation of carcinoma of the larynx was a reliable method for judging gross tumor size, though decisions regarding conservation surgery cannot be based on CT evaluation alone.
Disposition Matters

The disposition effect is the well-known tendency to ride losers and sell winners. A panel of individual investor trading records allows examination of the differences in price, volume, and volatility attributable to the disposition effect. When disposition-prone investors increase their holdings in a stock, the volatility, volume, and the return of the stock all drop, as theory would predict. Exposure to a portfolio of stocks held by disposition-prone investors explains cross-sectional differences in daily returns, controlling for other factors and characteristics. In other words, disposition matters to individual and aggregate stock price dynamics.
Effects of Storage, Hemolysis, and Freezing and Thawing on Concentrations of Thyroxine, Cortisol, and Insulin in Blood Samples 1

Abstract Blood samples were collected from six Beagle dogs to determine effects of precentrifugation and postcentrifugation storage times and temperatures, hemolysis, and repeated freezing and thawing on concentrations of thyroxine (T4), cortisol, and insulin as determined by radioimmunoassay. Concentrations of T4 did not change in whole and clotted blood stored for 72 hr at 4° or room temperature (22-26°) and in serum stored for 8 days at −20°, 4°, or room temperature. Mean cortisol concentrations decreased (P < 0.01) in clotted and heparinized blood stored for 72 hr at room temperature. Mean insulin concentrations decreased (P < 0.01) in clotted blood stored for 24 hr and in EDTA-treated and heparinized whole blood stored for 72 hr at room temperature. After centrifugation, mean cortisol concentrations in serum decreased 21% (P < 0.01) by 2 days and 57% (P < 0.01) by 8 days at room temperature. Insulin decreased 20% (P < 0.05) by 2 days and 72% (P < 0.01) by 8 days at room temperature. Degradation of both hormones was prevented by storing at 4° and −20°. Hemolysis accelerated disappearance of insulin immunoactivity at 4° as well as room temperature (P < 0.01). Repeated freezing and thawing of serum did not affect concentrations of any hormones studied. Our results clearly show that factors such as storage time, storage temperature, and hemolysis changed concentrations of hormones sufficiently to alter interpretation of research and clinical data.
H2S, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Apoptosis of Insulin-secreting Beta Cells*

Cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) is a key enzyme in the trans-sulfuration pathway, which uses l-cysteine to produce hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Functional changes of pancreatic beta cells induced by endogenous H2S have been reported, but the effect of the CSE/H2S system on pancreatic beta cell survival has not been known. In this study, we demonstrate that H2Sat physiologically relevant concentrations induced apoptosis of INS-1E cells, an insulin-secreting beta cell line. Transfection of INS-1E cells with a recombinant defective adenovirus containing the CSE gene (Ad-CSE) resulted in a significant increase in CSE expression and H2S production. Ad-CSE transfection also stimulated apoptosis. The other two end products of CSE-catalyzed enzymatic reaction, ammonium and pyruvate, had no effects on INS-1E cell apoptosis, indicating that overexpression of CSE may stimulate INS-1E cell apoptosis via increased endogenous production of H2S. Both exogenous H2S (100 μm) and Ad-CSE transfection inhibited ERK1/2 but activated p38 MAPK. Interestingly, BiP and CHOP, two indicators of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, were up-regulated in H2S-and CSE-mediated apoptosis in INS-1E cells. After suppressing CHOP mRNA expression, H2S-induced apoptosis of INS-1E cells was significantly decreased. Inhibition of p38 MAPK, but not of ERK1/2, inhibited the expression of BiP and CHOP and decreased H2S-stimulated apoptosis, suggesting that p38 MAPK activation functions upstream of ER stress to initiate H2S-induced apoptosis. It is concluded that H2S induces apoptosis of insulin-secreting beta cells by enhancing ER stress via p38 MAPK activation. Our findings may help unmask a novel role of CSE/H2S system in regulating pancreatic functions under physiological condition and in diabetes.
Fractional Flow Reserve and Cardiac Events in Coronary Artery Disease: Data From a Prospective IRIS-FFR Registry (Interventional Cardiology Research Incooperation Society Fractional Flow Reserve)

Background: We evaluated the prognosis of deferred and revascularized coronary stenoses after fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement to assess its revascularization threshold in clinical practice. Methods: The IRIS-FFR registry (Interventional Cardiology Research In-cooperation Society Fractional Flow Reserve) prospectively enrolled 5846 patients with ≥1coronary lesion with FFR measurement. Revascularization was deferred in 6468 lesions and performed in 2165 lesions after FFR assessment. The primary end point was major adverse cardiac events (cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization) at a median follow-up of 1.9 years and analyzed on a per-lesion basis. A marginal Cox model accounted for correlated data in patients with multiple lesions, and a model to predict per-lesion outcomes was adjusted for confounding factors. Results: For deferred lesions, the risk of major adverse cardiac events demonstrated a significant, inverse relationship with FFR (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.08; P<0.001). However, this relationship was not observed in revascularized lesions (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% confidence interval, 0.98–1.02; P=0.70). For lesions with FFR ≥0.76, the risk of major adverse cardiac events was not significantly different between deferred and revascularized lesions. Conversely, in lesions with FFR ⩽0.75, the risk of major adverse cardiac events was significantly lower in revascularized lesions than in deferred lesions (for FFR 0.71–0.75, adjusted hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.24–0.89; P=0.021; for FFR ⩽0.70, adjusted hazard ratio 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.26–0.84; P=0.012). Conclusions: This large, prospective registry showed that the FFR value was linearly associated with the risk of cardiac events in deferred lesions. In addition, revascularization for coronary artery stenosis with a low FFR (⩽0.75) was associated with better outcomes than the deferral, whereas for a stenosis with a high FFR (≥0.76), medical treatment would be a reasonable and safe treatment strategy. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT01366404.
The KIDSCREEN-52 quality of life measure for children and adolescents: psychometric results from a cross-cultural survey in 13 European countries.

OBJECTIVE This study assesses the reliability and validity of the European KIDSCREEN-52 generic health-related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaire for children and adolescents. RESEARCH DESIGN The KIDSCREEN-52, which measures HRQoL in 10 dimensions, was administered to a representative sample of 22,827 children and adolescents (8 to 18 years) in 13 European countries. Psychometric properties were assessed using the Classical Test Theory approach, Rasch analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM). A priori expected associations between KIDSCREEN scales and sociodemographic and health-related factors were examined. Test-retest reliability was assessed in 10 countries. RESULTS For the overall sample, Cronbach's alpha values ranged from 0.77 to 0.89. Scaling success (Multitrait Analysis Program) was >97.8% for all dimensions and Rasch analysis item fit (INFITmsq) ranged from 0.80 to 1.27. The intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.56 to 0.77. No sizeable differential item functioning (DIF) was found by age, sex or health status. Four items showed DIF across countries. The specified SEM fitted the data well (root mean square error of approximation: 0.06, comparative fit index: 0.98). Correlation coefficients between Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, Child Health and Illness Profile-Adolescent Edition, and Youth Quality of Life Instrument scales and KIDSCREEN dimensions assessing similar constructs were moderate for those (r = 0.44 to 0.61). Statistically significant differences between children with and without physical and mental health problems (Children with Special Health Care Needs screener: d = 0.17 to 0.42, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: d = 0.32 to 0.72) were found in all dimensions. All dimensions showed a gradient according to socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS The KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire has acceptable levels of reliability and validity. Further work is needed to assess longitudinal validity and sensitivity to change.
PEX5, the Shuttling Import Receptor for Peroxisomal Matrix Proteins, Is a Redox‐Sensitive Protein

Peroxisome maintenance depends on the import of nuclear‐encoded proteins from the cytosol. The vast majority of these proteins is destined for the peroxisomal lumen and contains a C‐terminal peroxisomal targeting signal, called PTS1. This targeting signal is recognized in the cytosol by the receptor PEX5. After docking at the peroxisomal membrane and release of the cargo into the organelle matrix, PEX5 is recycled to the cytosol through a process requiring monoubiquitination of an N‐terminal, cytosolically exposed cysteine residue (Cys11 in the human protein). At present, the reason why a cysteine, and not a lysine residue, is the target of ubiquitination remains unclear. Here, we provide evidence that PTS1 protein import into human fibroblasts is a redox‐sensitive process. We also demonstrate that Cys11 in human PEX5 functions as a redox switch that regulates PEX5 activity in response to intracellular oxidative stress. Finally, we show that exposure of human PEX5 to oxidized glutathione results in a ubiquitination‐deficient PEX5 molecule, and that substitution of Cys11 by a lysine can counteract this effect. In summary, these findings reveal that the activity of PEX5, and hence PTS1 import, is controlled by the redox state of the cytosol. The potential physiological implications of these findings are discussed.
Science Education and Sustainable Development in Nigeria

The content and years of basic education differs around the world. Unfortunately, low quality of education is often received in poor regions or in countries where resources are not properly managed. Quality education however leads to acquisition of relevant skills and knowledge required for sustainable development and could be achieved through formal and informal education. The key factor is for the knowledge to be relevant to the society and be able to solve the unemployment challenges for the economic empowerment of an ever-growing population. To achieve this in Nigeria, the relevant focal points for sustainable development must be identified and addressed. What are the key issues that have to be addressed in order to steer the country towards sustainable development? The non- formal aspect of education has to be looked into. Science and entrepreneurship education be strengthened, and admission policies unto relevant courses that address the societal needs be reviewed.
Destination Image of Tourist: Effect of Travel Motivation and Memorable Tourism Experience

The eco-tourism area of the southern coast of West Java is the focus of research since the area is less well known as a tourist destination. Also, there is a reluctance of tourists to visit again, and tourists find ordinary. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence model of travel motivation and impressive tourism experience towards the destination image. The method used is verification analysis by using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The survey conducted on 302 respondents, i.e., tourists who visited the eco-tourism area of the southern coast of West Java. The results showed the motivation of travel and tourism experience significantly influence the image of tourism destinations. Tourism area managers need to design strategies to improve the image of the region by providing tourist stimulation in the form of exciting information and offers eco-tourism products-themed for tourist with a memorable approach to traveling experiences.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v17i2. 7211
Simultaneous Detection of 15 Human Cytokines in a Single Sample of Stimulated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

ABSTRACT Cytokines secreted by cells of the immune system can alter the behavior and properties of immune or other cells. At a site of inflammation, sets of cytokines interact with immune cells, and their combined effect is often more important than the function of one isolated component. Conventional techniques, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, generally require large quantities of cells to characterize a complete cytokine profile of activated lymphocytes. The Bio-Plex system from Bio-Rad Laboratories combines the principle of a sandwich immunoassay with the Luminex fluorescent-bead-based technology. We developed a multiplex cytokine assay to detect different cytokines simultaneously in culture supernatant of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with antigen and with mitogen. Fifteen human cytokines (interleukin 1α [IL-1α], IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, IL-18, gamma interferon, and tumor necrosis factor alpha) were validated with a panel of healthy individuals, rheumatoid arthritis patients, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients. Comparing the multiplex assay with a regular enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique with this donor panel resulted in correlation coefficients for all cytokines ranging from 0.75 to 0.99. Intra-assay variance proved to be less then 10%, whereas interassay variability ranged between 10 and 22%. This multiplex system proved to be a powerful tool in the quantitation of cytokines. It will provide a more complete picture in differences between activated lymphocyte cytokine profiles from healthy individuals and those from patients with chronic inflammatory diseases.
Increased Circulating Immunosuppressive CD14+HLA-DR−/Low Cells Correlate with Clinical Cancer Stage and Pathological Grade in Patients with Bladder Carcinoma

This study investigated CD14+HLA-DR−/low cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 64 patients with bladder carcinoma (BC) and 14 healthy controls. Cell phenotypes were determined and CD14+HLA-DR−/low cells, CD14+HLA-DR+ cells and PBMCs depleted of CD14+HLA-DR−/low cells were isolated. Proliferation of stimulated PBMCs and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production after addition of CD14+HLA-DR−/low and CD14+HLA-DR+ cells at different ratios were measured. IFN-γ production was also measured after addition of l-arginine and/or antitransforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) neutralizing monoclonal antibody, and in PBMCs depleted of CD14+HLA-DR−/low cells. The proportion of CD14+HLA-DR−/low cells in BC patients was significantly higher than in controls. CD14+HLA-DR−/low cells significantly decreased T-cell proliferation and IFN-γ production in a dose-dependent manner. This suppressive activity was partially reversed by l-arginine or anti-TGF-β. Enhanced IFN-γ secretion was also seen in PBMCs depleted of CD14+HLA-DR−/low cells. The level of CD14+HLA-DR−/low cells was associated with gender, tumour size, number of tumours, cancer pathological grade and clinical stage. CD14+HLA-DR−/low cells may represent a subpopulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in BC patients.