Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A MALAYSIAN CASE STUDY AMONG NON-ACADEMIC STAFF

Many previous studies have solely focused on measuring employee satisfaction among academic staff. However, in a higher educational institution, there are two categories of workforce whom work hard in developing the university; academic and non-academic staff and study on employee satisfaction among non-academic staff still lacking in providing evidence. Hence, it is crucial to study their satisfaction working in the university. This study adapts the research frameworks from previous researches to study the relationship between factors contribute to employee satisfaction and employee satisfaction among non-academic staff. Specifically, the aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between knowledge management, training and leadership and employee satisfaction among non-academic staff at one of public universities in Malaysia. Results of the multiple regression analysis shown that the knowledge management and followed by training are highly affected their overall employee satisfaction, and on the other hand leadership and employee satisfaction shown no significant relationship among non-academic staff. Data analysis of the study has been analyzed using SPSS version 23.
To Tell or Not to Tell: Student Responses to Negative Behavior in Elementary School

ABSTRACT In this article I examine the factors that influence fifth grade student decisions regarding whether or not to report negative interactions to adults. Data from observations and interviews with students and adults show that there are many factors influencing the reluctance to tell on others. Among them is a school context in which verbal attacks are downplayed and telling is seen as ineffective and stigmatized. This context prevents bystanders from reporting what they have observed and places those with a lack of social support at a significant disadvantage when dealing with negative behavior.
Pedestrian Activity Simulation in Shopping Environments - An Irregular Network Approach

Micro-scale agent-based modeling can be used for the simulation of pedestrian movement for low and high density scenarios and of the effect of changes in an environment. Such models can also be used for pedestrian dynamics in city centers to show the design effects in the shopping environment. This paper focuses on the generation of the movement network and the underlying behavioral rules that conducts the activation of pedestrians on the network representing a shopping environment. The store visits will be realized by Monte Carlo simulation.
Voices in Education: Teacher Self-Efficacy in Education

Teacher self-efficacy is a complex topic. The concept, founded on Bandura’s (1977) social cognitive theory, captures the teachers’ beliefs in their own ability to guide students’ learning—even in difficult situations (Schunk, Pintrich, & Meece, 2008). And collective efficacy (Donohoo, 2016) refers to how a group of teachers understand their ability to effect positive results. Self -efficacy impacts instructional practices, individual and collective efforts among teachers, and persistence within the profession. Some research has found experienced teachers’ self-efficacy is higher in comparison to preservice teachers and those just entering the classroom (Putman, 2012) while others have found that practicing teachers generally have lower self-efficacy than preservice teachers (Benz, Bradley, Alderman, & Flowers, 1992). Hence, it appears teachers’ self-efficacy may vary depending on different circumstances and pressures placed on a teacher (Klassen & Chiu, 2010). Litvinov, Alverez, Long, and Walker (2018) list 10 different pressures that many teachers face, which include: lack of money for wages and supplies, lack of safe environments for teachers and their students, accountability pressures place on teachers, lack of discipline, chronic absenteeism, and supporting undocumented students. Research also questions whether a teacher’s high sense of self-efficacy determines positive benefits for teachers and their students. As well, if a teacher (preservice or inservice) has low self-efficacy, that does not necessarily mean a teacher will be unsuccessful (Siwatu & Chestnut, 2014; Wheatley, 2002). Wheatley argued that, in fact, self-efficacy doubts can actually motivate teachers to investigate and to develop new skills, which leads to a more affective learning environment for teachers and students. Wheatley (2002) believed novice teachers entering the field should be guided to be cautious of unrealistic confidence that may lead to shattering their self-efficacy, which in turn could cause them to leave the teaching field prematurely. It appears that not only developing the skill to teach matters, but also that teachers will face important issues or barriers during their career. They must be able to problem solve while remaining resilient. Teachers’ efficacy is an interest that extends across different educational issues, disciplines, and educational settings around the world. As a result, it is important to the success of educators and the schools that they work. With the various research topics that align and contribute to teachers’ self-efficacy, we invite you to respond to the following question: How can we, as teacher educators, build and support our preservice and inservice teachers’ efficacy that contributes to their success in school?
How Do Medical Researchers Make Causal Inferences?

Bradford Hill (1965) highlighted nine aspects of the complex evidential situation a medical researcher faces when determining whether a causal relation exists between a disease and various conditions associated with it. These aspects are widely cited in the literature on epidemiological inference as justifying an inference to a causal claim, but the epistemological basis of the Hill aspects is not understood. We offer an explanatory coherentist interpretation, explicated by Thagard's ECHO model of explanatory coherence. The ECHO model captures the complexity of epidemiological inference and provides a tractable model for inferring disease causation. We apply this model to three cases: the inference of a causal connection between the Zika virus and birth defects, the classic inference that smoking causes cancer, and John Snow’s inference about the cause of cholera. Introduction Bradford Hill asked “In what circumstances can we pass from . [an] observed association to a verdict of causation? Upon what basis should we proceed to do so? ’’ (Hill 1965, p. 295) Hill’s expertise lay in the relationship between work conditions and illness. He often 1 Acknowledgments: Thanks to Mike Bishop, Kostos Kampouratis, Kevin McCain, and Chase Wrenn for comments on an earlier draft.
TEACHING CONTENT STANDARDS TO ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS Elementary Science Teachers' Use of Language Development and Home Language Strategies

The language demands implicit in the Common Core State Standards and Next Generation Science Standards present both challenges and opportunities for English language learners �ꃽELLs�냽 �ꃽLee, Quinn, & Valdes, 2013�냽. Given the critical role that content area teachers will play in the implementation of these standards, this study investigated the extent to which elementary science teachers report using language development and home language strategies when they teach science to all students, especially ELLs. One hundred and fifteen fifth�grade science teachers completed a questionnaire at the end of the school year. A majority of teachers reported using language development strategies in their science teaching during most or all of their lessons. Still more encouraging, we found evidence that teachers may be particularly sensitive to the needs of ELLs, as teachers with ELLs and former ELLs in their classroom reported more frequent use of these strategies. In addition, many science teachers with ELLs and former ELLs in their classrooms reported incorporating their students’ home language in their teaching.
Model Inkuiri Terpimpin Berpasangan Dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Kreatif Konservasi Budaya Berbasis Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik

Learning to write the creative of reports needs planning to explore and involve the students' ability. The activity of finding, observing and arranging confidently are the common activities in building the students' character. Model of guided inquiry in pairs is used in learning to write the creative of reports. This research aims to know whether this model is effective used to guide the students being competent to write the creative of reports laden cultural conservation in character building. In this research used the randomized posttest only group design. The research conducted on students' Junior High School. The result showed that the students were more competent in writing the creative of reports at the model of guided inquiry in class pairs categorized well and thoroughly with the mean of 82,32 than the control class of investigation group with the mean of 79,23. The characters accustomed was showed in the creative writing of reports by students the model of guided inquiry in pairs are more complete, including environment care, social care, creative, discipline, and patriotic.
Prosocial behavior is related to later executive function during early childhood: A longitudinal study

ABSTRACT Previous research has shown that executive function is correlated with prosocial behavior during early childhood. Whether early prosocial behaviors were associated with later executive function during preschool years or vice versa was thus examined in a longitudinal design. The prosocial behaviors and executive function of children (N = 64) aged 42 to 65 months were evaluated twice (Times 1 and 2), based on teachers’ reports and children’s performance on hot and cool executive function tasks. Results revealed that prosocial behaviors at Time 1 were associated with later hot executive function at Time 2, but executive function at Time 1 was not related to prosocial behaviors at Time 2. These findings suggest that prosocial behaviors may enhance children’s hot executive function.
Time-related work stress and counterproductive work behaviour : invigorating roles of deviant personality traits

Purpose—With a basis in conservation of resources theory, this study investigates the relationship between employees’ experience of time-related work stress and their engagement in counterproductive work behaviour (CWB), as well as the invigorating roles that different deviant personality traits might play in this process. Design/methodology/approach—Two-wave survey data with a time lag of three weeks were collected from 127 employees in Pakistani organizations. Findings—Employees’ sense that they have insufficient time to do their job tasks spurs their CWB, and this effect is particularly strong if they have strong Machiavellian, narcissistic, or psychopathic tendencies. Originality/value—This study adds to extant research by identifying employees’ time-related work stress as an understudied driver of their CWB and the three personality traits that constitute the dark triad as triggers of the translation of time-related work stress into CWB. Keywords—counterproductive work behaviour, time-related work stress, dark triad, conservation of resources theory Paper type—Research paper
Clients’ Experience of Therapist-Disclosure: Helpful and Hindering Factors and Conditions

Abstract In psychotherapy, the norm and expectation is for clients to self-disclose, thus disregarding and discouraging self-disclosure by therapists. This study aimed to investigate clients’ subjective experience of therapist disclosure, and in particular how clients interpret, appraise and react to therapist disclosure, using semi-structured interviews to gather data from eight research participants. By means of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) of the data three basic themes were revealed: (1) perceived underlying conditions of the disclosure event, (2) disclosure type and (3) disclosure impacts. The findings indicate that the underlying conditions surrounding the therapist’s disclosure are the determinant factor as to how clients experience therapist disclosure, regardless of either the disclosure type or the impact of the disclosure on clients’ lives.
Behavior Change for Children Participating in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy: A Growth Curve Analysis

Disruptive behavior disorders including Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Conduct Disorder (CD), and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), are listed among the most common reasons youth are referred for mental health services (Centers for Disease Control & Prevention [CDC], 2016b; Kazdin, Mazurick, Siegel, & 1994). ParentChild Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is one intervention that has been found to reduce clinically significant levels of disruptive behavior. The purpose of the current study was to determine the form of change, typical change trajectory, and individual variation in change for disruptive behavior across the two phases of PCIT; the Child-Directed Interaction (CDI) and ParentDirected Interaction (PDI) phases. In addition, the current study determined which child and caregiver characteristics were associated with variation in change across CDI and PDI. Participants included a total of 75 children in PCIT between the ages of 2 to 8 years. Children and their caregiver(s) attended PCIT weekly at a university-based, outpatient clinic. The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI) was completed at every treatment session to indicate the intensity of disruptive behavior. Child and caregiver characteristics including the caregiver and the child’s gender, the caregiver’s income and marital status, the caregiver’s relationship with the child, the number of caregivers in PCIT, the child’s primary diagnosis, and the child’s medication status, were obtained through medical record abstraction. Results indicated the form of change in disruptive behavior, as measured on the ECBI Intensity scale, was linear in CDI and curvilinear in PDI. The average trajectory indicated disruptive behavior decreased throughout PCIT treatment. The decrease in ECBI Intensity scores
Servant Leadership Towards Cultural Competency and Critical Thinking: A Mixed Methods Study in Zambia

There is a paucity of occupational therapy literature related to the professional development process that occurs when students participate in immersive, international servant leadership experiences in developing countries. A scarcity of literature exists on how such culturally rich experiences can influence the development of the participating students’ dispositional critical thinking and cultural competency skill sets. This mixed methods study depicts how a 3-week servant leadership experience in Zambia, Africa, measured the acquisition of dispositional critical thinking and cultural competency skill sets in novice to experienced occupational therapy students. Moreover, this study infuses a constructivist grounded theory approach to uncover a holistic understanding of the professional development process that occurred for the participating students over a 3-week immersion experience in Zambia. This study highlights how a hands-on servant leadership experience in Zambia contributed to the acquisition of professional development and problem-solving skills and cultural responsiveness for students who were trained in westernized health care practices. The participants demonstrated statistically significant increases in their critical thinking skills with medium effect sizes in truth-seeking, inquisitiveness, analyticity, systematicity, confidence, and maturity of judgment. In addition, the participants demonstrated statistically significant increases in cultural competency skills with medium to very large effect sizes in cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skills, cultural encounters, and cultural desires. The qualitative strand of the study revealed the professional growth of the students during the experience through the themes that emerged: “resilient occupational therapy lens” and “empowered occupational therapy students. ” Furthermore, this mixed methods study provides a Servant Leadership Professional Development Model to illustrate the transformational professional development process that students underwent that is supported by the mixed methods data findings.
Fluctuations in grandiose and vulnerable narcissistic states: A momentary perspective

Theories of narcissism emphasize the dynamic processes within and between grandiosity and vulnerability. Research seeking to address this has either not studied grandiosity and vulnerability together or has used dispositional measures to assess what are considered to be momentary states. Emerging models of narcissism suggest grandiosity and vulnerability can further be differentiated into a three-factor structure – Exhibitionistic Grandiosity, Entitlement, and Vulnerability. Research in other areas of maladaptive personality (e.g., borderline personality disorder) has made headway in engaging data collection and analytic methods that are specifically meant to examine such questions. The present study took an exploratory approach to studying fluctuations within and between grandiose and vulnerable states. Fluctuations – operationalized as gross variability, instability, and lagged effects – were examined across three samples (two undergraduate and a community sample oversampled for narcissistic features; Total person N = 862; Total observation N = 36,631). Results suggest variability in narcissistic states from moment to moment is moderately associated with dispositional assessments of narcissism. Specifically, individuals who are dispositionally grandiose express both grandiosity and vulnerability, and vary in their overall levels of grandiosity and vulnerability over time. On the other hand, dispositionally vulnerable individuals tend to have high levels of vulnerability and low levels of grandiosity. Entitlement plays a key role in the processes that underlie narcissism and narcissistic processes appear unique to the construct and not reflective of broader psychological processes (e.g., self-esteem). Future research should consider using similar methods and statistical techniques on different timescales to study dynamics within narcissism.
The Evaluation of Functional Quality in Bachelor Midwifery Students based on Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) in Islamic Azad University-Mashhad Branch

Abstract Introduction: Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is one of the standardized and accepted methods for the certification of undergraduate midwifery in the world. OSCE is a type of examination often used in health sciences (e.g. midwifery), which is designed to test clinical skill performance and competence in skills such as clinical examination, medical procedures / prescription, exercise prescription, manipulation techniques. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of midwifery students’ performance before the final exam through the OSCE method in Islamic Azad University of Mashhad. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the summer of 1396 on 75 midwifery students before entering the final exam. Checklists for evaluation of skills were analyzed by the experts’ panel to increase the validity of checklists. For examining the reliability of the exam in studied population, the spilt-half method was used. Evaluation of the quality of students’ performance in various areas of pregnancy and childbirth, gynecological diseases, maternal and child health and they were carried out at three levels of diagnosis, decision making and therapeutic interventions. The exam was also carried out in 12 sections along with a rest one. Results: 75 volunteers were divided equally according existing stations. 89/3% were under the age of 25 years old 48% were single and 52% were married. The average score was calculated, when the students were able to answer 50% of the items in each domain. If the volunteer answered more than 50% of the items, she would be in good shape, while the volunteer answered fewer than 50% of the items, she would be weak. The performance of midwifery students was moderate and good at all stations except for Pap smear in gynecology domain, fetal health evaluation in pregnancy and childbirth domain, and Vaccination in maternal and child health domain. (PV<0.848, PV<0.666, PV<0.711 respectively both diagnosis and decision making level. Conclusions: Since the OSCE examines the strengths and weaknesses of students, this study indicated that weakness of midwifery students of Mashhad Azad University lied in some important areas such as, fetal health evaluation, Pap smear and Vaccination which should be more considered and emphasized on by the instructors and educational planners.
The Mediating Role of School Engagement in the Relationship between Attitude toward Learning and Academic Achievement

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of school engagement in the relationship between attitude toward learning and academic achievement. The study was carried out on 438 high school students. The Scale of Attitudes Toward Learning and the School Engagement Scale were applied to the participants, and students’ academic achievement scores were obtained from the school administration. In the study, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and the ordinary least squares regression-based approach and Bootstrap method were used to determine the effects of the mediation model. According to the research findings, a relationship between attitude toward learning, academic achievement, and school engagement was found. It was determined that school engagement plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between attitude toward learning and academic achievement. The results revealed the importance of school engagement in improving students’ attitude toward learning and academic achievement, and it was recommended to discuss and interpret the results.
Descriptive representation and political knowledge

ABSTRACT Political knowledge is an incredible political resource for citizens, promoting informed voter decision-making and helping citizens hold their elected officials accountable. But it is a resource that is not equitably distributed in the electorate, as blacks, Latinos, and Asian-Americans are significantly less politically informed than whites. We explore the degree to which knowledge shortfalls reflect the underrepresentation of minority legislators in Congress. Using data from the 2006–2014 Cooperative Congressional Election Study, we explore the relationship between both general and specific political knowledge and descriptive representation in Congress. We show that when those in the minority are descriptively represented by co-racial and co-ethnic legislators in Congress, knowledge gaps between whites, blacks, Latinos, and Asian-Americans are diminished.
Association of Poor Self-Perceived Health with Demographic, Socioeconomic and Lifestyle Factors in the Croatian Adult Population

The aim of this study was to analyse the association of poor self- -perceived health with demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors using data from the European Health Interview Survey. When applying the multiple logistic regression model, two demographic (male sex, older age), all four socioeconomic (low education level, unemployed and retired, living in households with lowest income, poor social support) and only one lifestyle factor (no alcohol consumption) were revealed as associated with poor self-perceived health. The association of socioeconomic factors with self-perceived health among the adult population in Croatia is direct and not mediated exclusively through lifestyle factors.