Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Occupational risks associated with cigarette smoking: a prospective study.

BACKGROUND Studies have indicated that cigarette smokers have more occupational accidents and injuries and use more sick time and health benefits than nonsmokers, thereby producing sizeable costs for employers. However, they usually have not controlled for other possible sources of these costs. We analyzed occupational costs associated with smoking while adjusting for a number of potential confounders. METHODS We conducted a prospective, controlled study of the association between smoking and employment outcomes in 2537 postal employees, adjusting for age, gender, race, drug use, job category, and exercise habits. RESULTS For smokers, the relative risk for turnover was 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83-1.21); for accidents 1.29 (CI, 1.07-1.55); for injuries 1.40 (CI, 1.11-1.77); for discipline 1.55 (CI, 1.19-2.02). Their mean absence rate was 5.43% compared with 4.06% for nonsmokers. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that cigarette smoking is associated with adverse employment outcomes after controlling for a number of possible confounders. This finding has implications for companies formulating smoking policies and considering the establishment of smoking cessation programs.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of breast adenomyoepithelioma: A potential false positive pitfall and presence of intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions

Cytologic diagnosis of adenomyoepithelioma can be very challenging. We report fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings of a benign adenomyoepithelioma. The cytologic features are characterized by hypercellularity and the presence of numerous atypical dispersed cells with epithelioid morphology and intact cytoplasm. The nuclei showed stippled chromatin, irregular nuclear membrane, and prominent eosinophilic nucleoli. No necrosis or mitoses were seen. The presence of naked nuclei, and extensive intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions were identified and raised the possibility of adenomyoepithelioma. Immunohistochemically, the atypical cells showed strong positivity for myosin heavy chain, p63, and CK5/6, while the epithelial cells reacted with estrogen receptors. This immunophenotypic pattern supports the myoepithelial origin of the atypical cell proliferation and favors the diagnosis of benign adenomyoepithelioma. However, biopsy was recommended to exclude malignancy. Histologically, the tumor showed prominent myoepithelial cells with significant atypia, intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions, and dense cytoplasm. No evidence of malignancy was identified. In conclusion, we report a case of adenomyoepithelioma with a significant cytological atypia that may result in confusion with malignant breast tumors. The presence of intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions, naked nuclei, and expression of myoepithelial markers should provide clues to the right diagnosis and benign nature of this lesion. Cytopathologists should be familiarized with this entity to avoid a misdiagnosis of carcinoma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A W-band subharmonically pumped monolithic GaAs-based HEMT gate mixer

A W-band high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) subharmonically pumped (SHP) gate mixer is designed with fixed LO frequency operation. it is fabricated on a 4-mil substrate using 0.15-/spl mu/m GaAs pHEMT monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) process. the on-wafer measurement results show that the best conversion loss is about 4.7 dB in the W-band, as a 11-dbm 42-GHz low observable (LO) signal is pumped. To our knowledge, this is the first result on low conversion-loss W-band MMIC SHP HEMT gate mixer.
TCG-S: orthogonal coupling of P*-admissible representations for general floorplans

Extends the concept of the P-admissible floorplan representation to that of the P*-admissible one. A P*-admissible representation can model the most general floorplans. Each of the currently existing P*-admissible representations, SP, BSG, and TCG, has its strengths as well as weaknesses. We show the equivalence of the two most promising P*-admissible representations, TCG and SP, and integrate TCG with a packing sequence (part of SP) into a new representation, called TCG-S. TCG-S combines the advantages of SP and TCG and at the same time eliminates their disadvantages. With the property of SP, faster packing and perturbation schemes are possible. Inherited nice properties from TCG, the geometric relations among modules are transparent to TCG-S (implying faster convergence to a desired solution), placement with position constraints becomes much easier, and incremental update for cost evaluation can be realized. These nice properties make TCG-S a superior representation which exhibits an elegant solution structure to facilitate the search for a desired floorplan/placement.
SEX DIFFERENCES IN LIFE EXPECTANCY IN CANADA: IMMIGRANT AND NATIVE-BORN POPULATIONS

Summary A growing body of research often indicates that immigrant populations in Western countries enjoy a lower level of mortality in relation to their native-born host populations. In this literature, sex differences in mortality are often reported but substantive analyses of the differences are generally lacking. The present investigation looks at sex differences in life expectancy with specific reference to immigrant and Canadian-born populations in Canada during 1971 and 2001. For these two populations, sex differences in expectation of life at birth are decomposed into cause-of-death components. Immigrants in Canada have a higher life expectancy than their Canadian-born counterparts. In absolute terms, immigrant females enjoy the highest life expectancy. In relative terms, however, immigrant men show a larger longevity advantage, as their expectation of life at birth exceeds that of Canadian-born men by a wider margin than do foreign-born females in relation to Canadian-born females. It is also found that immigrants have a smaller sex differential in life expectancy as compared with the Canadian born. Decomposition analysis shows this is a function of immigrants having smaller sex differences in death rates from heart disease and cancer. Factors thought to underlie these differentials between immigrants and the Canadian born are discussed and suggestions for further research are given.
Location of main occluding areas and masticatory ability in patients with implant-supported prostheses.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to locate the main occluding area when the reduced posterior occlusal support was treated with an implant-supported prosthesis and to evaluate the subsequent improvement in the masticatory ability as compared with removable partial dentures. METHODS Twenty-six patients with implant prostheses and 24 patients with removable partial dentures were recruited for this study. All patients had partially lost their posterior occlusal support. The first molar region in any quadrant was always included in the prosthetic region. Each subject was instructed to clench a piece of temporary stopping as a test food on the occluding area that was preferably used during mastication. The main occluding area was judged by locating the tooth on which the temporary stopping rested during clenching. Subjective masticatory ability was self-assessed by means of a questionnaire. RESULTS The main occluding area of the subjects in the implant group was located more posterior compared with the removable partial denture group. The level of masticatory ability in the implant group was the same as that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The location of the main occluding area and the masticatory ability of the subjects with implants were equivalent to those with healthy natural dentition.
The Analysis and Establish of Thermal Stress Field Model of the Filmed Tubular Electrothermal Component

The tubular electrothermal component will produce thermal stress when water in the tube is heated by electricity, which is one of important factors to induce fracture. In this paper, the temperature field and thermal stress field models were established when the inflow and outflow achieved heat balance. According to this model, the distribution of thermal stress and temperature along diameter for the tube sprayed film under operation were analyzed. The results show that thermal stress is related to the material and thickness of the tube, as well as to the power generated by the film. The outer and inner surfaces produce greater thermal stress than elsewhere and therefore fracture is more likely to appear there. What’s more, the inner surface produces the greatest thermal stress, thus the greatest probability of cracks Keywords-tubular electrothermal component; temperature field; thermal stress field
The role of media‐embedded heuristics in achieving online readership popularity

Readership popularity has been an important proxy for success for many emerging online interactive media sites. Given the exponential growth of new web applications and services, and the intense competition among them, attaining and retaining popularity are difficult. One possible approach to this problem is to enhance the competitiveness of a web presence by using appropriate web design mechanisms. Research in this area has mainly focused on technological issues and usability studies. Few studies have paid attention to the socially constructed meaning (cognition) that is embedded in the context of media. Drawing on the heuristic model from the social cognition perspective, the author posits that source credibility and content freshness are two important media‐embedded heuristics potentially influential to the readership popularity of online interactive media sites. The content analysis results of 100 leading weblogs strongly supported this hypotheses. Key quantitative findings were also consistent with the qualitative evidence provided by 28 expert practitioners. This study expands our understanding of the related constructs from a social cognition perspective and calls for design attention to influential media‐embedded traits when developing online interactive media and related websites.
Couples at Risk: HIV-1 Concordance and Discordance Among Sexual Partners Receiving Voluntary Counseling and Testing in Uganda

Objective:To determine correlates of HIV-1 concordance for couples receiving voluntary HIV counseling and testing. Design:Cross-sectional study of couples receiving voluntary HIV counseling and testing in Kampala, Uganda. Methods:An interview and physical examination were conducted for 49 HIV-1-concordant (both partners infected with HIV) and 126 HIV-1-discordant (1 partner infected with HIV and 1 partner HIV negative) couples. Blood samples from all participants were tested for HIV-1 and syphilis serology. CD4 cell count and HIV load were characterized for all HIV-infected persons. Urine samples were tested for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis using ligase chain reaction. Associations between couples' HIV status and key sociodemographic, behavioral, and biomedical factors were analyzed. Results:Men in HIV-concordant couples were more likely than men in HIV-discordant couples to be living together with their sexual partner (odds ratio [OR], 11.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8-53.7; P = 0.004), to be uncircumcised (OR, 4.5; 95% CI, 1.1-18.8; P = 0.042), and to have higher HIV loads (OR for each log increase, 3.0; 95% CI, 2.0-4.7; P < 0.001). Women in HIV-concordant couples were more likely than women in HIV-discordant couples to be living together with their sexual partner (OR, 19.0; 95% CI, 3.8-84.8), to have an uncircumcised male partner (OR, 6.5; 95% CI, 1.6-26.4), to have had a sexually transmitted disease in the 6 months before enrollment (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 0.9-4.5), and to have higher HIV loads (OR for each log increase, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.5-3.2). Conclusions:Several behavioral and biologic risk factors were associated with HIV concordance for couples. Providing early sexually transmitted disease diagnosis and treatment, antiretroviral therapy, and specially designed counseling to HIV-discordant couples may help prevent HIV transmission in couples where being in a stable sexual relationship is a major risk factor for HIV infection.
Interaction Between Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Distamycin A Studied by Transformation in Bacillus subtilis

Distamycin A inhibits deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-mediated transformation and transfection in Bacillus subtilis at doses with little or no antibacterial effect. The inhibition of transformation parallels the inhibition of DNA uptake; further-more, during the transformation process, donor DNA molecules become distamycin and deoxyribonuclease resistant at the same time. This demonstrates that the drug acts by inhibiting DNA uptake. Although the drug is known to bind DNA, the inhibition is not related to affinity of the drug for DNA. This is shown by the lack of dependence of the extent of inhibition on DNA concentration, whereas the degree of inhibition depends upon cell concentration. Supporting this view is the fact that transformation by single-stranded DNA was also inhibited, even though the drug does not bind to denatured DNA. Distamycin A probably interferes with transformation by competing with DNA for some unknown bacterial component involved in transport of DNA into the cell.
Isoform 5 of PIPKI&ggr; regulates the endosomal trafficking and degradation of E-cadherin

ABSTRACT Phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinases (PIPKs) have distinct cellular targeting, allowing for site-specific synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] to activate specific signaling cascades required for cellular processes. Several C-terminal splice variants of PIPKI&ggr; (also known as PIP5K1C) exist, and have been implicated in a multitude of cellular roles. PI(4,5)P2 serves as a fundamental regulator of E-cadherin transport, and PI(4,5)P2-generating enzymes are important signaling relays in these pathways. We present evidence that the isoform 5 splice variant of PIPKI&ggr; (PIPKI&ggr;i5) associates with E-cadherin and promotes its lysosomal degradation. Additionally, we show that the endosomal trafficking proteins SNX5 and SNX6 associate with PIPKI&ggr;i5 and inhibit PIPKI&ggr;i5-mediated E-cadherin degradation. Following HGF stimulation, activated Src directly phosphorylates PIPKI&ggr;i5. Phosphorylation of the PIPKI&ggr;i5 C-terminus regulates its association with SNX5 and, consequently, E-cadherin degradation. Additionally, this PIPKI&ggr;i5-mediated pathway requires Rab7 to promote degradation of internalized E-cadherin. Taken together, the data indicate that PIPKI&ggr;i5 and SNX5 are crucial regulators of E-cadherin sorting and degradation. PIPKI&ggr;i5, SNX and phosphoinositide regulation of lysosomal sorting represent a novel area of PI(4,5)P2 signaling and research. PIPKI&ggr;i5 regulation of E-cadherin sorting for degradation might have broad implications in development and tissue maintenance, and enhanced PIPKI&ggr;i5 function might have pathogenic consequences due to downregulation of E-cadherin.
Recording monophasic action potentials using a platinum-electrode ablation catheter.

AIMS The monophasic action potential (MAP) is conventionally recorded using Ag-AgCl electrodes which are not suitable for delivering radiofrequency currents. To be able to use the sharp MAP upstroke for identifying the local activation, as a step towards the development of a MAP-guided catheter ablation technique, the possibility of recording MAP via platinum electrodes of an ordinary ablation catheter was explored. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred and forty-two MAP recordings from the endocardium were obtained via an ablation catheter in 40 patients undergoing electrophysiological study/catheter ablation. During sinus rhythm and pacing, 90% of the ventricular and 100% of the atrial MAPs had stable baselines. The amplitudes were 13 +/- 4.2 mV for ventricular and 2.4 +/- 0.8 mV for atrial MAPs. During mapping and ablation, MAPs and uni- and bipolar electrograms were recorded simultaneously using the same tip electrode in eight patients. The MAPs provided more distinct local activation than the electrograms. During 17 MAP recordings, additional MAPs were recorded simultaneously using an Ag-AgCl electrode catheter in the immediate vicinity of the ablation catheter. The MAPs taken with the ablation catheter had characteristics consistent with those taken with the Ag-AgCl catheter. CONCLUSIONS (1) Platinum electrodes can be used for timely recording of MAPs in patients. (2) It is feasible to record MAPs and deliver radiofrequency currents via the same platinum-tip electrode. These findings suggest that MAP-guided catheter ablation is technically possible.
Some additional parametric variations between peripheral nerve fibre populations.

The reasons for the pre-eminent position of peripheral nerve as a system for the investigation of biological problems by quantitative histological methods are easy to define. They include a wide size range of individual fibre parameters within an overall regular geometric organization, the susceptibility of the tissue to degeneration, regeneration and growth pattern experiments, and the relative ease of electrophysiological monitoring. The main dimensional parameters studied have been axon diameter (d), myelin sheath thickness (m), total fibre diameter (D = d+ 2m), internodal distance (1), and nodal gap width. Nodal gap width has been considered an index of the area of 'active axonal membrane' in deriving the bioelectric characteristics of myelinated nerve fibres (e.g. Rushton, 1951; Hodgkin, 1964). However, there are technical difficulties in determining gap width (Hess & Young, 1952; Kashef, 1966), and the relationship between it and the 'active area' is complex and undetermined (Landon & Williams, 1963; Hall & Williams, 1971; Landon & Langley, 1971). Internodal distance has been shown, in normal nerves, to bear a variable positive correlation to total fibre diameter, and to other local growth patterns (e.g. Vizoso & Young, 1948; Thomas & Young, 1949; Kashef, 1966; Williams & Kashef, 1968), but its precise relation to conduction is disputed (Sanders & Whitteridge, 1946; Rushton, 1951; Hodler, Stampfli & Tasaki, 1952; Cragg & Thomas, 1957; Hodgkin, 1964). Total fibre diameter has been widely studied, and has formed the main basis of structural classifications of nerve fibres and nerve fibre populations (e.g. Rexed, 1944; Fernand & Young, 1951; Tiegs, 1953; Quilliam, 1956). It has been correlated with the conduction characteristics of nerve fibre populations, and combined classifications, which are now in general use, have been proposed (Erlanger & Gasser, 1937; Lloyd & Chang, 1948). Attempts have been made to correlate total fibre diameter with the informational role of fibres in terms of the type and specificity of the tissue innervated and the patterns of connectivity of their parent perikarya (e.g. Lloyd & Chang, 1948; Granit, 1955). Total fibre diameter has also been the principal structural index in assessments of the relative significance of peripheral, local and central influences on the course of nerve fibre development and regeneration (Young, 1945). Axon diameter as a characteristic of mature fibre populations has received but
No evidence for a major effect of two common polymorphisms of the catalase gene in type 1 diabetes susceptibility

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a multifactorial disease, the genetic analysis of which has yielded few true positive linkage and association results. Replication of association in independent, large‐sample studies is essential to further identify the genes involved in T1D. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the catalase gene have been reported to be associated with T1D.
Immune Responses and Safety after Dart or Booster Vaccination of Bison with Brucella abortus Strain RB51

ABSTRACT One alternative for management of brucellosis in Yellowstone National Park bison (Bison bison) is vaccination of calves and yearlings. Although Brucella abortus strain RB51 vaccination protects bison against experimental challenge, the effect of booster vaccinations was unknown. This study characterized immunologic responses after dart or booster vaccination of bison with Brucella abortus strain RB51. In two studies, 8- to 10-month-old female bison were inoculated with saline (n = 14), hand vaccinated with 1.1 × 1010 to 2.0 × 1010 CFU of RB51 (n = 21), or dart vaccinated with 1.8 × 1010 CFU of RB51 (n = 7). A subgroup of hand vaccinates in study 1 was randomly selected for booster vaccination 15 months later with 2.2 × 1010 CFU of RB51. Compared to single vaccinates, booster-vaccinated bison had greater serologic responses to RB51. However, there was a trend for antigen-specific proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from booster vaccinates to be reduced compared to responses of PBMC from single vaccinates. PBMC from booster vaccinates tended to have greater gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production than those from single vaccinates. In general, dart vaccination with RB51 induced immunologic responses similar to those of hand vaccination. All vaccinates (single hand, dart, or booster) demonstrated greater (P < 0.05) immunologic responses at various times after vaccination than nonvaccinated bison. Booster vaccination with RB51 in early gestation did not induce abortion or fetal infection. Our data suggest that booster vaccination does not induce strong anamnestic responses. However, phenotypic data on resistance to experimental challenge are required to fully assess the effect of booster vaccination on protective immunity.
Studies on validamycins, new antibiotics. II. Production and biological properties of validamycins A and B.

Streptomyces sp. , strain No. T-7545 was found to produce new antibiotics, validamycins A and B that are effective for the control of sheath blight of rice plants. The validamycins exhibit no in vitro activity. A taxonomic study of strain No. T-7545 was carried out and it was characterized as follows: It forms gray to gray and yellow aerial mycelium, bright yellow to yellow ocher vegetative mycelium and faint, brownish yellow diffusible pigment, good growth and development of abundant aerial mycelium with the formation of coiled chains of spores at 25-45°C, and black moist areas in the aerial mycelium on certain media. As a result of comparison of strain No. T-7545 with known species, the name Streptomyces hygroscopicus WAKSMAN et HENRICI, 1948 var. limoneus nov. var. is proposed.
Comparative study on the value of anal preserving surgery for aged people with low rectal carcinoma in Jiangsu, China.

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of anal preserving surgery for aged people with low rectal carcinoma. METHODS Clinical data for a consecutive cohort of 98 rectal cancer patients with distal tumors located within 3 cm-7 cm of the anal verge were collected. Among these, 42 received anal preserving surgery (35 with Dixon, 3 with Parks and 4 with transanal operations). The local recurrence and survival rates in the above operations were compared with those of the Miles operation in another 56 patients with rectal cancer. RESULTS The local recurrence and 3-, 5-year survival rates of anal preserving surgery were 16.7%, 64.3% and 52.4%, those of Miles operations were 16.1%, 67.9% and 51.8% respectively (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Anal preserving surgery for aged people with low rectal cancer is not inferior to conventional operations in China, with satisfactory long term survival and comparable local recurrence rates.