Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On-Line Error Detection and Mitigation for Time-Series Data of Cyber-Physical Systems using Deep Learning Based Methods

A cyber-physical system consists of sensors, micro-controller, networks, and actuators that interact with each other, generate a substantial amount of data, and form extremely complex system operational profiles. These heterogeneous components are subject to errors, e.g. spikes, off-sets, or delays, that may result in system failures. As the complexity of modern systems increases, it becomes a challenge to apply traditional fault detection and isolation methods to such complex systems. Deep learning based methods have surpassed traditional methods in terms of performance as the data size and complexity increase. The signals of cyber-physical systems are mainly time-series data. In this paper, we propose a new on-line error detection and mitigation approach for common sensor, computing hardware, and network errors of cyber-physical systems using deep learning based methods. More specifically, we train a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network as a single step prediction model for the detection and mitigation of errors, like spikes, or offsets. In order to detect the long-duration errors that show no sharp change (a sudden drop or rise) between two successive data samples when errors occurred, e.g. network delays, we train an LSTM encoder-decoder as a multi-step prediction model. We also introduce the on-line error mitigation approach. Automatic recovery is achieved by replacing the detected errors with the predicted values. Finally, we demonstrate on-line error detection and mitigation capabilities of the trained single step and multi-step predictors using representative case studies.
Finding the Sweet Spot: Analyzing Unrestricted Touchscreen Interaction In-the-Wild

With smartphones being a prime example, touchscreens became one of the most widely used interface to interact with computing systems. Compared to other touchscreen devices, smartphones pose additional challenges as the hand that interacts with the device is commonly used to also hold the device. Consequently, determining how fingers of the hand holding the device can interact with the screen is a non-trivial challenge. A body of recent work investigated the comfortable area in controlled lab studies. This poses limitations as it is based on the assumption that the grips used in the studies are representative for normal smartphone use. In this paper, we extend previous work by providing insights from in-the-wild studies using two different apps that were deployed in the Android App Store. Comparing our results with previous work we confirm that our data fits previously proposed models. Further analyzing the data, we highlight the sweet spot, the position that is touched if the input can be performed on the whole screen.
Analysis of Performance Variation in 16nm FinFET FPGA Devices

Process variability is a challenging fabrication issue impacting, mainly, the reliability and performance of chips. Variability is already present in current technology nodes and is expected to become even more significant in the future. In this work, we focus on the study of performance variation in 16nm FinFET FPGAs. We devise a comprehensive assessment methodology based on multiple programmable sensors with diverse resource and delay characteristics. Additionally, we consider various voltage and temperature conditions and decouple variability to systematic and stochastic. The experimental results on Zynq XCZU7EV show up to 7.3% intra-die variation increasing to 9.9% for certain operating conditions. Our approach demonstrates that logic and interconnect resources present different variability, slightly uncorrelated, which highlights the necessity and way towards more sophisticated mitigation methods/tools.
A New 4D Chaotic System with Two-Wing, Four-Wing, and Coexisting Attractors and Its Circuit Simulation

In order to further improve the complexity of chaotic system, a new four-dimensional chaotic system is constructed based on Sprott B chaotic system. By analyzing the system’s phase diagrams, symmetry, equilibrium points, and Lyapunov exponents, it is found that the system can generate not only both two-wing and four-wing attractors but also the attractors with symmetrical coexistence, and the dynamic characteristics of the new system constructed are more abundant. In addition, the system is simulated by Multisim software, and the simulation results show that the results of circuit simulation and numerical simulation analysis are basically the same.
Beam Steering with 5.75 GHz Dual Polarized Optically Transparent Patch Antenna Arrays

The ever-expanding demand for wireless communications faces many challenges. As the necessity for wireless communications increases, inevitably, the impact wireless communication systems have on their environment will also increase. The location where communication systems can be placed is limited by their physical size. For this reason, there is a demand for unobtrusive hardware in order to grow the wireless communication infrastructures. One method to reduce obstructiveness is by using optically transparent antennas. Performance limiting factors associated with wireless communications are mitigated by implementing steerable antennas. This paper presents a vertically and a horizontally-polarized, optically transparent patch antenna arrays for beam-steering applications designed using a highly conductive mesh wire on Lexan substrate to operate in the 5-6 GHz unlicensed band. These arrays were modeled in HFSS, fabricated, and tested in an anechoic chamber. Measured results show that transparent antenna arrays are able to steer the beams at desired four angles ±7º and ±22º.
Prevalence and severity of self-reported depression in urban population of Uttar Pradesh -

Background: Depression is a usual mental health disturbance that exhibits depressed frame of mind, absence of attention, or happiness. Today, depression is estimated to affect 350 million people. There is lack of data on the rates and risk factors of depression in the community; so, it was decided to conduct a study to assess the prevalence of depression and its severity in urban population of Aligarh. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of depression in the study population and determine its severity in the study population. Materials and Methods: This study is a part of larger cross-sectional, community-based study carried out in the field practice areas under Urban Health Training Center of the Department of Community Medicine, JN Medical College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. A sample size of 360 adults was chosen using systematic random sampling. Face-to-face interviews were then conducted with the study subjects using a semistructured pro forma for collecting the data for sociodemographic factors. Assessment of depression and its severity was done using the Hindi version of structured and prevalidated scale and patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Result: The prevalence of depression was 9.7% in the study area, with majority of subjects showing moderate grades of depression. The prevalence of depression was more in female subjects. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is a clear need to increase mental health services and to integrate this with general health services in our community.
Health and Economic Impact of Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis in Greece: The Storms Study

Background: Little information on costs and quality of life (QoL) of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been published for Greece so far. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the socio-economic burden that MS imposes to Greek patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. Methods: Information on demographics, disease history, resource consumption and productivity losses was collected from 200 patients recruited in six MS centres throughout Greece. Annual costs were estimated in 2011 unit costs. Health-related QoL (HRQoL) was measured with the EQ-5D questionnaire. Using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), patients were stratified into those with mild (EDSS 0-3), moderate (EDSS 3.5-6.0) and severe (EDSS 6.5-7.5) disability. The perspective of the analysis was that of the national security fund (EOPYY). Results: The mean annual cost per patient was estimated at €26,118. Higher disability increased costs substantially; €20,702 for mild, €32,126 for moderate and €45.442 for high severity patients. HRQoL was considerably impaired by disease progression. Patients with Secondary Progressive (SPMS) as expected had higher costs and lower HRQoL than Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) subjects, attributed to higher mean disability. Conclusion: In accordance with other studies, MS imposes a considerable health and economic burden in Greece, which increases significantly with advancing disability.
Using Multiple Chains in Cross-Correlation Receivers to Improve Sensitivity

Cross-correlation can be used in energy detection applications, such as spectrum analyzers, but also frequency shift keying (FSK) receivers, to improve noise suppression. To achieve higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), integration in time may be used, but could make it rather slow for communication purposes. In order to achieve better data-rates in low SNR conditions, we propose to use multiple chains instead of the traditional two chains. In this paper, we show an analysis of the SNR improvement and the power consumption penalty for BFSK modulation when using more chains. It shows that for low noise correlation between the chains, the improvement in sensitivity is proportional to the number of chains. Also, we develop a figure-of-merit to evaluate the optimum number of chains for different parameters of the receiver design. Furthermore, two examples from literature are analyzed. At their optimum number of chains, they both show $\sim$6dB improvement in sensitivity with similar or even better figure-of- merit.
Paying Crowd Workers for Collaborative Work

Collaborative crowdsourcing tasks allow crowd workers to solve problems that they could not handle alone, but worker motivation in these tasks is not well understood. In this paper, we study how to motivate groups of workers by paying them equitably. To this end, we characterize existing collaborative tasks based on the types of information available to crowd workers. Then, we apply concepts from equity theory to show how fair payments relate to worker motivation, and we propose two theoretically grounded classes of fair payments. Finally, we run two experiments using an audio transcription task on Amazon Mechanical Turk to understand how workers perceive these payments. Our results show that workers recognize fair and unfair payment divisions, but are biased toward payments that reward them more. Additionally, our data suggests that fair payments could lead to a small increase in worker effort. These results inform the design of future collaborative crowdsourcing tasks.
A Novel Simulation Framework for the Design and Testing of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems

The number and complexity of newly developed automated driving systems has been constantly rising over the past decade. Especially the introduction of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication is expected to further potentiate this development. In order to be deployed, the functional safety of the developed systems has to be assured previously. However, the testing in a representative number of field tests is costly and time-consuming. For this reason, virtual test drives have risen as an important option for design and testing of automated driving technologies, leaving only the final validation to test with real vehicles and thus significantly reducing the overall expenditure. The authors of the work at hand introduce a simulation framework based on the vehicle simulator CarMaker, complemented with the middleware platform Robot Operating System (ROS) and fed with real traffic data, which allows to automatically test advanced driver assistance systems for a large number of real world scenarios by varying topology, vehicle and communication parameters, among others. The simulation framework is then used to demonstrate the benefit of collective perception (i.e. sharing of on-board sensor data among nearby vehicles by V2X communication) for a vehicle merging into a freeway, with metrics such as the vehicle awareness on spot and the time it has to plan and execute its maneuver.
Fast validation of DRAM protocols with timed petri nets

In recent years, an increasing number of different JEDEC memory standards, like DDR4/5, LPDDR4/5, GDDR6, Wide I/O2, HBM2, and NVDIMM-P have been specified, which differ significantly from the previous ones like DDR3 and LPDDR3. Since each new standard comes with significant changes in the DRAM protocol compared to the previous ones, the developers of memory controllers and memory simulation models regularly face challenges implementing and verifying these new standards. In order to keep pace with these frequent changes of the requirements and the large variety of variants a robust validation methodology must be established. The JEDEC standards describe the complex memory protocol, i.e., DRAM commands and their timing dependencies, by using a mixture of state machine diagrams, tables, and timing diagrams. However, there exists no unique formal description of the JEDEC standards which could be used for a fast simulation-based validation. In this paper, for the first time, we present a comprehensive and formal mathematical model based on Petri Nets that contains the DRAM states, transitions, and timings. Furthermore, we present a Domain Specific Language (DSL) for describing the memory functionality and timing dependencies of a JEDEC standard in just a few lines of code. From this DSL description an executable Petri Net is generated automatically, which is used for the fast simulation-based validation of memory controllers and DRAM simulation models.
Influence of pre-operative oral carbohydrate loading vs. standard fasting procedure on tumor proliferation and clinical outcome in breast cancer patients — a randomized trial

Background The influence of carbohydrates in breast cancer is conflicting.Objective To determine whether preoperative per-oral carbohydrate load influences proliferation in breast tumors.Design Randomized controlled trial.Setting University hospital with primary and secondary care functions in South-West Norway.Patients A population-based cohort of 61 patients with operable breast cancer.Intervention Per-oral carbohydrate load (preOp™) 18 and 2-4 hours before surgery (n=26) or standard pre-operative fasting procedure with free consume of tap water (n=35). Measurements Primary outcome was post-operative tumor proliferation measured as mitotic activity index (MAI). Secondary outcomes were changes in serum insulin, insulin-c-peptide, glucose, IGF-1 and IGFBP3. Other secondary outcomes were patients´ well-being and clinical outcome (median follow-up 88, range 33-97 months). Results In the estrogen receptor (ER) positive subgroup (n=50), high proliferation (MAI≥ 10) occurred more often in the carbohydrate group (CH) than in the fasting group (p=0.038). Progesterone receptor (PR) was more frequently negative in the CH-group (p=0.014). CH-patients had a significant between group rise in insulin (+ 24.31 mIE/L, 95% CI, 15.34 mIE/L to 33.27 mIE/L), insulin c-peptide (+ 1.39 nM, 95% CI, 1.03 nM to 1.77 nM), but reduced IGFBP3 levels (– 0.26 nM; 95% CI, ­– 0.46 nM to – 0.051 nM). CH-Intervention ER-positive patients had poorer relapse free survival (73%) than the fasting group (100%) (p=0.012; HR= 9.3 (95%CI, 1.1 to 77.7)). In the ER-positive patients, only tumor size (p=0.021; HR=6.07, 95%CI=1.31 to 28.03) and CH-or-fasting grouping (p=0.040; HR=9.30, 95% CI=1.11 to 77.82) had independent prognostic value. The adverse clinical outcome of carbohydrate loading occurred only in T2 patients with Relapse Free Survival of 100% in the fasting group vs. 33% in the CH-group (p=0.015; HR= inf). The CH-group reported less pain on day 5 and 6 compared to the control group (p<0.001) but showed otherwise no factors related to well-being.Limitation Only applicable to ER-positive breast cancer patients with T2-tumors.Conclusions Preoperative carbohydrate load increases proliferation and PR-negativity in ER-positive patients and worsens clinical outcome in ER-positive T2-patients.
OTT_A_207549 8367..8378

*These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancerrelated death. MicroRNA-942 (miR-942) plays a critical role in promoting proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells and is associated with poor prognosis in some types of cancers. However, the prognostic value of miR-942 and its functional role in HCC remain unclear. Materials and methods: Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-942 in HCC tissues and adjacent normal liver tissues. Next, the correlations between miR-942 expression and clinicopathological parameters including the survival rate were analyzed. Interaction between miR-942 and ribonucleotide reductase regulatory TP53 inducible subunit M2B (RRM2B) was determined by RT-PCR, Western blot and luciferase assay. The biological influence of miR-942 on HCC cell lines was studied using CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay and transwell assay in vitro. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to analyze the change of downstream genes after miR-942 mimics transfection. Results: miR-942 was significantly up-regulated in HCC. Its high expression was associated with serum alanine transaminase level (P=0.0350), tumor size (P=0.0195), T stage (P=0.0045) and lymphatic metastasis (P=0.0013). High expression of miR-942 was associated with shorter overall survival and disease-free survival time of HCC patients. RRM2B was validated as a target gene of miR-942. miR-942 mimics markedly promoted the malignant phenotypes of Huh7 and MHCC97H cell lines, while its inhibitor had the opposite effect. miR-942 can regulate the downstream genes of RRM2B including Egr-1 and PTEN, markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and matrix metalloproteinases. Conclusion: miR-942 may serve as a potential biomarker for HCC and its inhibitor may be a therapeutic agent for the treatment of this deadly disease.
Geophysical and geological interpretation of the Vienna Basin pre-Neogene basement (Slovak part of the Vienna Basin)

Abstract The Vienna Basin is situated at the contact of the Bohemian Massif, Western Carpathians, and Eastern Alps. Deep borehole data and an existing magnetotelluric profile were used in density modelling of the pre-Neogene basement in the Slovak part of the Vienna Basin. Density modelling was carried out along a profile oriented in a NW–SE direction, across the expected contacts of the main geological structures. From bottom to top, four structural floors have been defined. Bohemian Massif crystalline basement with the autochthonous Mesozoic sedimentary cover sequence. The accretionary sedimentary wedge of the Flysch Belt above the Bohemian Massif rocks sequences. The Mesozoic sediments considered to be part of the Carpathian Klippen Belt together with Mesozoic cover nappes of Alpine and Carpathian provenance are thrust over the Flysch Belt creating the third structural floor. The Neogene sediments form the highest structural floor overlying tectonic contacts of the Flysch sediments and Klippen Belt as well as the Klippen Belt and the Alpine/Carpathians nappe structures.
Constraining the timing and character of crustal melting in the Adirondack Mountains using multi-scale compositional mapping and in-situ monazite geochronology

Abstract Migmatites are common in the hinterland of orogenic belts. The timing and mechanism (in situ vs. external, P-T conditions, reactions, etc.) of melting are important for understanding crustal rheology, tectonic history, and orogenic processes. The Adirondack Highlands has been used as an analog for mid/deep crustal continental collisional tectonism. Migmatites are abundant, and previous workers have interpreted melting during several different events, but questions remain about the timing, tectonic setting, and even the number of melting events. We use multiscale compositional mapping combined with in situ geochronology and geochemistry of monazite to constrain the nature, timing, and character of melting reaction(s) in one locality from the eastern Adirondack Highlands. Three gray migmatitic gneisses, studied here, come from close proximity and are very similar in microscopic and macroscopic (outcrop) appearance. Each of the rocks is interpreted to have undergone biotite dehydration melting (i.e., Bt + Pl + Als + Qz = Grt + Kfs + melt). Full-section compositional maps show the location of reactants and products of the melting reaction, especially prograde and retrograde biotite, peritectic K-feldspar, and leucosome, in addition to all monazite and zircon in context. In addition, the maps provide constraints on kinematics during melting and a context for interpretation of accessory phase composition and geochronology. More so than zircon, monazite serves as a monitor of melting and melt loss. The growth of garnet during melting leaves monazite depleted in Y and HREEs while melt loss from the system leaves monazite depleted in U. Results show that in all three localities, partial melting occurred during at ca. 1160–1150 Ma (Shawinigan orogeny), but the samples show high variability in the location and degree of removal of the melt phase, from near complete to segregated into layers to dispersed. All three localities experienced a second high-T event at ca. 1050 Ma, but only the third (non-segregated) sample experienced further melting. Thus, in addition to bulk composition, the fertility for melting is an important function of the previous history and the degree of mobility of earlier melt and fluids. Monazite is also a sensitive monitor of retrogression; garnet breakdown leads to increased Y and HREE in monazite. Results here suggest that all three samples remained at depth between the two melting events but were rapidly exhumed after the second event.
Yet Two Additional Large Numbers of Subuniverses of Finite Lattices

Abstract By a subuniverse, we mean a sublattice or the emptyset. We prove that the fourth largest number of subuniverses of an n-element lattice is 43 2n−6 for n ≥ 6, and the fifth largest number of subuniverses of an n-element lattice is 85 2n−7 for n ≥ 7. Also, we describe the n-element lattices with exactly 43 2n−6 (for n ≥ 6) and 85 2n−7 (for n ≥ 7) subuniverses.
Accommodating Political Change under the Tetrarchy (293–306)

Summary This article seeks to address the question how the Tetrarchic system of four rulers could be presented as legitimate in a society that had never seen this political constellation before. What were the different modes of presenting Tetrarchic rule and how did they help in making the new system acceptable? The article argues that new power structures needed to be formulated in familiar terms, not only for the rulers to legitimate their position, but also for the ruled to understand such new systems. As a result, imperial messages during the Tetrarchic period were strongly influenced by traditional modes of representation from earlier periods. Traditions which were inherent in specific media and locations were determining factors for the way in which a new political system could be presented. The result was a much less coherent ideological Tetrarchic message than is often assumed. The image of group identity was regularly lost in a more complex and messy mode of formulating power. The new and innovative aspects of a collegiate rule by four emperors was less important than linking the power of those rulers to what was traditionally expected of the portrayal of Roman emperorship.