Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Negative Influence of Air Travel on Health and Performance in the National Basketball Association: A Narrative Review

Air travel requirements are a concern for National Basketball Association (NBA) coaches, players, and owners, as sport-based research has demonstrated short-haul flights (≤6 h) increase injury risk and impede performance. However, examination of the impact of air travel on player health and performance specifically in the NBA is scarce. Therefore, we conducted a narrative review of literature examining the influence of air travel on health and performance in team sport athletes with suggestions for future research directions in the NBA. Prominent empirical findings and practical recommendations are highlighted pertaining to sleep, nutrition, recovery, and scheduling strategies to alleviate the negative effects of air travel on health and performance in NBA players.
Transforming Question Answering Datasets Into Natural Language Inference Datasets

Existing datasets for natural language inference (NLI) have propelled research on language understanding. We propose a new method for automatically deriving NLI datasets from the growing abundance of large-scale question answering datasets. Our approach hinges on learning a sentence transformation model which converts question-answer pairs into their declarative forms. Despite being primarily trained on a single QA dataset, we show that it can be successfully applied to a variety of other QA resources. Using this system, we automatically derive a new freely available dataset of over 500k NLI examples (QA-NLI), and show that it exhibits a wide range of inference phenomena rarely seen in previous NLI datasets.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Validity, and Reproducibility of the Mediterranean Islands Study Food Frequency Questionnaire in the Elderly Population Living in the Spanish Mediterranean

The objective of this study was to perform cross-cultural adaptation of the Mediterranean Islands Study Food Frequency Questionnaire (MEDIS-FFQ) and to evaluate its reproducibility and validity in a population over 60 years of age in the Spanish Mediterranean. Three hundred forty-one people completed the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which was administered twice (FFQ1 and FFQ2) with nine 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDRs) over a nine-month period to assess its reproducibility and validity. Cross-cultural translation and adaptation were performed according to the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) guidelines and included direct translation, back-translation, and a pilot comprehension test. Reproducibility was evaluated with Pearson’s and interclass correlation coefficients. Validity was estimated using correlations between the FFQ food groups and the 24-HDR mean. The levels of agreement and misclassification were expressed as the proportions of individuals classified by comparing the estimated information from the FFQ2 and the 24-HDR. Reproducibility correlation coefficients ranged from r = 0.44 to r = 0.90. Validity indices ranged from 0.71 to 0.99. More than 80% of the subjects were classified in the same quartile on both instruments. The kappa statistic showed a moderate to high level of agreement (0.70–0.95) between the two instruments. In conclusion, the MEDIS-FFQ showed good reproducibility and validity in estimating the nutrient intake of the elderly population in the Spanish Mediterranean.
Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and macular ganglion cell complex thickness in patients with chronic phase of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

Objective: We aimed to investigate the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) thickness in patients with chronic phase of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (crNAION) analyzed by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods: Patients with crNAION, and healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. All participants underwent SD-OCT for measurement of pRNFL, mGCC, and central macular thickness (CMT). The measurements of the eyes of the patients with crNAION were compared with those of the control subjects and unaffected fellow eyes. Results: A total of 25 patients with crNAION were eligible for the study. The control group consisted of 50 healthy subjects. The pRNFL and mGCC thickness in eyes with crNAION were found to be significantly thinner in all quadrants when compared to those of healthy control subjects and unaffected fellow eyes. The CMT of the eyes with crNAION was similar to that of the healthy control subjects. Conclusions: We demonstrated that mGCC and pRNFL thickness measurement by SD-OCT are capable of detecting axonal damage in eyes with crNAION. Furthermore, this study used SD-OCT and found that mGCC and pRNFL had the ability to detect GC loss in the eyes of the patients with crNAION.
Effects of a Collaborative Board Game on Bullying Intervention: A Group-Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND We examined the effects of the Galaxy Rescuers game, a collaborative board game on schoolchildren's bullying intervention. METHODS We conducted a group-randomized controlled trial. We recruited 328 fifth graders at an elementary school in northern Taiwan. The study took place in fall 2015 over a 7-week period. We used the generalized estimation equation (GEE) to evaluate the intervention effects on students' scores on the outcome measures. RESULTS At posttest, the change in bullying knowledge was statistically significant for the game-only group and the game-with-debriefing group. Students in the game-with-debriefing group also showed an increase in empathy and a decrease in bullying attitude. At the follow-up test, knowledge increase remained significant for both the game-only group and the game-with-debriefing group. Game satisfaction survey indicated that 66.8% of the players said that the game was enjoyable. CONCLUSIONS The Galaxy Rescuers game is effective in changing players' bullying knowledge, attitude, and empathy. This game is an entertaining tool for promoting awareness of bullying and encouraging defending atmosphere among children.
Improving Response Selection in Multi-Turn Dialogue Systems by Incorporating Domain Knowledge

Building systems that can communicate with humans is a core problem in Artificial Intelligence. This work proposes a novel neural network architecture for response selection in an end-to-end multi-turn conversational dialogue setting. The architecture applies context level attention and incorporates additional external knowledge provided by descriptions of domain-specific words. It uses a bi-directional Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) for encoding context and responses and learns to attend over the context words given the latent response representation and vice versa. In addition, it incorporates external domain specific information using another GRU for encoding the domain keyword descriptions. This allows better representation of domain-specific keywords in responses and hence improves the overall performance. Experimental results show that our model outperforms all other state-of-the-art methods for response selection in multi-turn conversations.
Site-specific conjugation allows modulation of click reaction stoichiometry for pretargeted SPECT imaging

ABSTRACT Antibody pretargeting is a promising strategy for improving molecular imaging, wherein the separation in time of antibody targeting and radiolabeling can lead to rapid attainment of high contrast, potentially increased sensitivity, and reduced patient radiation exposure. The inverse electron demand Diels-Alder ‘click’ reaction between trans-cyclooctene (TCO) conjugated antibodies and radiolabeled tetrazines presents an ideal platform for pretargeted imaging due to rapid reaction kinetics, bioorthogonality, and potential for optimization of both slow and fast clearing components. Herein, we evaluated a series of anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) pretargeting antibodies containing distinct molar ratios of site-specifically incorporated TCO. The effect of stoichiometry on tissue distribution was assessed for pretargeting TCO-modified antibodies (monitored by 125I) and subsequent accumulation of an 111In-labeled tetrazine in a therapeutically relevant HER2+tumor-bearing mouse model. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging was also employed to assess tumor imaging at various TCO-to-monoclonal antibody (mAb) ratios. Increasing TCO-to-mAb molar ratios correlated with increased in vivo click reaction efficiency evident by increased tumor distribution and systemic exposure of 111In-labeled tetrazines. The pharmacokinetics of TCO-modified antibodies did not vary with stoichiometry. Pretargeted SPECT imaging of HER2-expressing tumors using 111In-labeled tetrazine demonstrated robust click reaction with circulating antibody at ~2 hours and good tumor delineation for both the 2 and 6 TCO-to-mAb ratio variants at 24 hours, consistent with a limited cell-surface pool of pretargeted antibody and benefit from further distribution and internalization. To our knowledge, this represents the first reported systematic analysis of how pretargeted imaging is affected solely by variation in click reaction stoichiometry through site-specific conjugation chemistry.
Manuka

The Manuka rendering architecture has been designed in the spirit of the classic reyes rendering architecture: to enable the creation of visually rich computer generated imagery for visual effects in movie production. Following in the footsteps of reyes over the past 30 years, this means supporting extremely complex geometry, texturing, and shading. In the current generation of renderers, it is essential to support very accurate global illumination as a means to naturally tie together different assets in a picture. This is commonly achieved with Monte Carlo path tracing, using a paradigm often called shade on hit, in which the renderer alternates tracing rays with running shaders on the various ray hits. The shaders take the role of generating the inputs of the local material structure, which is then used by path-sampling logic to evaluate contributions and to inform what further rays to cast through the scene. We propose a shade before hit paradigm instead and minimise I/O strain on the system, leveraging locality of reference by running pattern generation shaders before we execute light transport simulation by path sampling. We describe a full architecture built around this approach, featuring spectral light transport and a flexible implementation of multiple importance sampling (mis), resulting in a system able to support a comparable amount of extensibility to what made the reyes rendering architecture successful over many decades.
Efficacy and Tolerability of First-Line Cetuximab Plus Leucovorin, Fluorouracil, and Oxaliplatin (FOLFOX-4) Versus FOLFOX-4 in Patients With RAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: The Open-Label, Randomized, Phase III TAILOR Trial

Purpose Cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy is a standard-of-care first-line treatment regimen for patients with RAS wild-type (wt) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC); however, the efficacy of cetuximab plus leucovorin, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) has never before been proven in a controlled and randomized phase III trial. To our knowledge, the TAILOR trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01228734) is the first randomized, multicenter, phase III study of the addition of cetuximab to first-line FOLFOX prospectively choosing a RAS wt population and thus providing confirmative data for the efficacy and safety of cetuximab plus FOLFOX versus FOLFOX alone. Patients and Methods TAILOR is an open-label, randomized (1:1), multicenter, phase III trial in patients from China comparing FOLFOX-4 with or without cetuximab in RAS wt (KRAS/NRAS, exons 2 to 4) mCRC. The primary end point of TAILOR was progression-free survival time; secondary end points included overall survival time, overall response rate, and safety and tolerability. Results In the modified intent-to-treat population of 393 patients with RAS wt mCRC, adding cetuximab to FOLFOX-4 significantly improved the primary end point of progression-free survival time compared with FOLFOX-4 alone (hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.89; P = .004; median, 9.2 v 7.4 months, respectively), as well as the secondary end points of overall survival time (current assessment after 300 events: hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.96; P = .02; median, 20.7 v 17.8 months, respectively) and overall response rate (odds ratio, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.61 to 3.61; P < .001; 61.1% v 39.5%, respectively). Treatment was well tolerated, and there were no new or unexpected safety findings. Conclusion The TAILOR study met all of its objectives and relevant clinical end points, confirming cetuximab in combination with FOLFOX as an effective standard-of-care first-line treatment regimen for patients with RAS wt mCRC.
Tendencies toward Internet-pornography-use disorder: Differences in men and women regarding attentional biases to pornographic stimuli

Background and aims Several authors consider Internet-pornography-use disorder (IPD) as addictive disorder. One of the mechanisms that has been intensively studied in substance- and non-substance-use disorders is an enhanced attentional bias toward addiction-related cues. Attentional biases are described as cognitive processes of individual’s perception affected by the addiction-related cues caused by the conditioned incentive salience of the cue itself. It is assumed in the I-PACE model that in individuals prone to develop IPD symptoms implicit cognitions as well as cue-reactivity and craving arise and increase within the addiction process. Methods To investigate the role of attentional biases in the development of IPD, we investigated a sample of 174 male and female participants. Attentional bias was measured with the Visual Probe Task, in which participants had to react on arrows appearing after pornographic or neutral pictures. In addition, participants had to indicate their sexual arousal induced by pornographic pictures. Furthermore, tendencies toward IPD were measured using the short-Internetsex Addiction Test. Results The results of this study showed a relationship between attentional bias and symptom severity of IPD partially mediated by indicators for cue-reactivity and craving. While men and women generally differ in reaction times due to pornographic pictures, a moderated regression analysis revealed that attentional biases occur independently of sex in the context of IPD symptoms. Discussion The results support theoretical assumptions of the I-PACE model regarding the incentive salience of addiction-related cues and are consistent with studies addressing cue-reactivity and craving in substance-use disorders.
Cross-sectional evaluation of the impact of information on flexible extended regimens of oral contraceptives in the choices made by women seeking contraceptive counselling: the FLEXO study

Abstract Objective: Oral combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) are available that limit the number of menses when used in a flexible extended regimen. Our aim was to investigate the decision-making processes of women presented with a flexible extended CHC option. Methods: The FLEXO study is an epidemiological, cross-sectional, multicentre study conducted under typical clinical practice conditions to determine women’s acceptance of a flexible continuous CHC regimen versus a cyclical 21/7 day regimen, after receiving standardised information during contraceptive counselling. Results: A total of 1350 women were invited to participate, of whom 1156 were enrolled. Of these, 47.2% chose the flexible extended CHC regimen. Their main reason for choosing this regimen was to reduce the number of menses (25.7%), followed by the desire to avoid symptoms related to menstruation (21.6%). The reasons given for rejecting this regimen were the desire to have monthly menstrual cycles (24.9%) and the fear of becoming pregnant and not being aware of it due to the absence of menstruation (18.1%). Conclusion: Many women chose the extended flexible regimen when they received information about this option. Women primarily chose this pattern to relieve or eliminate discomfort related to menstruation.
Interpreting Neural Networks with Nearest Neighbors

Local model interpretation methods explain individual predictions by assigning an importance value to each input feature. This value is often determined by measuring the change in confidence when a feature is removed. However, the confidence of neural networks is not a robust measure of model uncertainty. This issue makes reliably judging the importance of the input features difficult. We address this by changing the test-time behavior of neural networks using Deep k-Nearest Neighbors. Without harming text classification accuracy, this algorithm provides a more robust uncertainty metric which we use to generate feature importance values. The resulting interpretations better align with human perception than baseline methods. Finally, we use our interpretation method to analyze model predictions on dataset annotation artifacts.
Finding Better Topologies for Deep Convolutional Neural Networks by Evolution

Due to the nonlinearity of artificial neural networks, designing topologies for deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) is a challenging task and often only heuristic approach, such as trial and error, can be applied. An evolutionary algorithm can solve optimization problems where the fitness landscape is unknown. However, evolutionary algorithms are computing resource intensive, which makes it difficult for problems when deep CNNs are involved. In this paper, we propose an evolutionary strategy to find better topologies for deep CNNs. Incorporating the concept of knowledge inheritance and knowledge learning, our evolutionary algorithm can be executed with limited computing resources. We applied the proposed algorithm in finding effective topologies of deep CNNs for the image classification task using CIFAR-10 dataset. After the evolution, we analyzed the topologies that performed well for this task. Our studies verify the techniques that have been commonly used in human designed deep CNNs. We also discovered that some of the graph properties greatly affect the system performance. We applied the guidelines learned from the evolution and designed new network topologies that outperform Residual Net with less layers on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and SVHN dataset.
A C126R de novo Mutation in CYBB Leads to X-linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease With Recurrent Pneumonia and BCGitis

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an innate immune deficiency of phagocytic cells caused by mutations that affect components of the NADPH oxidase system, with resulting impairment in reactive oxygen species production. Patients with CGD are susceptible to recurrent infections and hyperinflammatory responses. Mutations in CYBB lead to the X-linked form of CGD and are responsible for ~ 70% of cases. In this study, we report the case of a 2.5-year-old male patient with recurrent pneumonia and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin infection (BCGitis). As his first clinical manifestation, he presented with bullous impetigo at 18 days of age, which was followed by recurrent pneumonia and regional BCGitis. Genetic analysis revealed a de novo mutation in exon 5 of the CYBB gene: a single-nucleotide substitution, c.376T > C, leading to a C126R change.
Cardiovascular Risk of Nonsteroidal Anti‐inflammatory Drugs and Classical and Selective Cyclooxygenase‐2 Inhibitors: A Meta‐analysis of Observational Studies

The purpose of this study was to review the published evidence on the clinical use of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and to assess the cardiovascular risk (CVR) of cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors (coxibs), excluding aspirin, by means of a meta‐analytic procedure. A search was conducted on MEDLINE and EMBASE databases between October 1999 and June 2018. Cohort and case‐control studies showing CVR as relative risk (RR), odds ratio, hazard ratio, or incidence rate ratio associated with NSAIDs versus no treatment were selected. We estimated the pooled RR and the 95% confidence interval (CI) for all NSAIDs as a whole and individually. Eighty‐seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, NSAIDs were found to be associated with a statistically significantly increased CVR (RR, 1.24 [95%CI, 1.19‐1.28]). The risk was slightly higher for coxibs (RR, 1.22 [95%CI, 1.17‐1.28]) as compared with nonselective NSAIDs (RR, 1.18 [95%CI, 1.12‐1.24]). Data analysis by drug disclosed that rofecoxib (RR, 1.39 [95%CI, 1.31‐1.47]), followed by diclofenac (RR, 1.34 [95%CI, 1.26‐1.42]) and etoricoxib (RR, 1.27 [95%CI, 1.12‐1.43]) were the NSAIDs associated with the highest CVR. Analysis by type of event showed that the highest risk corresponded to vascular events for both coxibs (RR, 2.18 [95%CI, 1.72‐2.78]) and nonselective NSAIDs (RR, 2.46 [95%CI, 2.00‐3.02]). The meta‐analysis results suggest that the use of the marketed coxibs celecoxib and etoricoxib would be related to a statistically significant CVR increase. Etoricoxib CVR could be higher than that for celecoxib. This increment would be similar to classical NSAID CVR.
Impact of a Pharmacist-Driven Prothrombin Complex Concentrate Protocol on Time to Administration in Patients with Warfarin-associated Intracranial Hemorrhage

Introduction Advancements in the treatment of warfarin-associated intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) include the use of four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC), which has demonstrated more rapid reversal of the international normalized ratio (INR) when compared with fresh frozen plasma. A pharmacist-driven protocol for 4F-PCC was implemented within our institution, which allows for pharmacist approval of 4F-PCC in patients diagnosed with warfarin-associated ICH and an INR ≥2. The pharmacist is responsible for determining the appropriate dose of 4F-PCC, preparation, bedside delivery, and order entry into the electronic medical record. Prior to implementation of the new protocol, the blood bank was responsible for 4F-PCC approval, dosing, product preparation, and arranging delivery with emergency department (ED) staff. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist-driven protocol on time to 4F-PCC administration in warfarin-associated ICH. Methods We performed a retrospective review of consecutive patients who received 4F-PCC in a single ED from September 2015 through February 2017. Patients ≥18 years old were eligible for inclusion based on three criteria: confirmed diagnosis of ICH; confirmed warfarin use; and INR ≥2. Secondary outcomes included dose of 4F-PCC in concordance with INR and weight-based dosing recommendations and hospital protocol, as well as concomitant intravenous vitamin K administration. Results A total of 48 patients met inclusion criteria for the study with 24 patients in each protocol group. The median time to administration of 4F-PCC in the pharmacist-driven protocol group was 35 minutes (interquartile range [IQR] [25–62]; range, 11–133) compared with 70 minutes (IQR [34–89]; range, 14–244) in the pre-protocol group (p=0.034). We saw no differences for appropriate 4F-PCC dosing based on INR and patient weight between the two groups. Conclusion Implementation of a pharmacist-driven protocol for 4F-PCC in the ED at our institution significantly reduced time to administration in patients presenting with warfarin-associated ICH.