Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA and cancer: Current status and prospective

Gene expression in normal cells is highly regulated by complex gene regulatory networks. Disruption of these networks may lead to cancer. Recent studies have revealed the existence of an abundant class of small nonprotein‐coding regulatory RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs may regulate diverse biological processes including development, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, through suppressing the expression of their target genes. Posttranscriptional silencing of target genes by miRNAs occurs either by cleavage of homologous target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), or by inhibition of target protein synthesis. Computational predictions indicate that 1 miRNA may target on hundreds of genes, and suggest that over 50% of human protein‐coding genes might be regulated by miRNAs. MiRNAs are receiving increased attention in cancer genomic research. We are beginning to understand that miRNAs may act as oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes within the molecular architecture of gene regulatory networks, thereby contributing to the development of cancer. MiRNAs may provide useful diagnostic and prognostic markers for cancer diagnosis and treatment, as well as serving as potential therapeutic targets or tools. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA IN A PATIENT WITH KLINEFELTER'S SYNDROME.

Personal History The patient was born in Victoria, B.c., the youngest of four children. When he was four years old the family moved to Alberta and, following the father's death, they moved to Ontario. The mother supported the family by teaching in several rural areas before finally settling in Toronto. The patient attended school from the age of eight to 16, reaching Grade IX. He held a variety of unskilled jobs, and since 1951 has been employed as a filing clerk in an insurance company. Following puberty, which occurred at the age of 14, G.M. was embarrassed by breast development, feminine configuration of hips and infantile genitalia. During adolescence he was treated with testosterone which appeared to produce some penile enlargement; however, a further concentrated course of testosterone at age 21 was without benefit. Penile erection did not occur until age 14 and thereafter sexual fantasies, with masturbation, were predominantly heterosexual, although 'Passive homosexual fantasies of being kissed and hugged by athletic young males began to appear later. These
Nutritional factors influencing the nitrogen composition of bovine milk: a review.

Protein composition and content of bovine milk has received increased interest in recent years because an increasing proportion of milk is used for manufactured products such as cheese. Per capita consumption of cheese by the US population almost doubled from 5.5 kg per person in 1971 to 10.7 kg in 1988 (168). This increase probably reflects a consumer perception of the healthfulness of cheese as a food, the aging of the population, and the increasing proportion of the food dollar spent away from home. Total production of cheese in the US increased from . 64 billion kg in 1970 to 1.22 billion kg in 1987. In conjunction with the increase in manufacture of cheese, bull sire summaries now include predicted transmitting abilities for protein, and an increasing proportion of the cow population is being tested for milk protein through Dairy Herd Improvement programs. Techniques for measuring the protein content of milk vary and include, but are not limited to, Kjeldahl, dye binding, and infrared (IR) procedures. Use of differing techniques leads to some variability among estimates of milk protein. Methodology for milk protein has not received sufficient consideration in many studies evaluating nutritional effects on milk protein. Typically, percentage of total CP in milk is estimated as percentage of total Kjeldahl N x
[Quality of life in ankylosing spondylitis].

BACKGROUND Ankylosing Spondylarthritis (AS) involves by its frequency and its repercussion on the functional capacity an important handicap and deterioration of the patients quality of life. AIMS To evaluate the handicap and the quality of life during the AS and to seek the predictive factors of the deterioration of this quality of life. METHODS A prospective study relating to 50 patients recruited in the Department of Rheumatology of F. B. Hospital of Monastir during 6 months period (Mars to September 2008). The studied parameters were the quality of life evaluated by a specific sore (ASQOL) and a generic score (SF-12). Also the physical, social and economic felt handicap was evaluated using a qualitative scale. Predictive factors (clinical, biological and radiological) of the quality of life were carried out. RESULTS Our patients are divided in 42 men and 8 women with an average age of 38.9 ± 10.7 years. The average duration of AS is of 11.9 ± 7.6 years. The average of ASQOL is of 11.9 ± 4 (extremes: 0- 17). The average of physical SF12 is of 29.8 ± 6 (21.7-53.2) and of mental SF-12 of 35.3 ± 6.6 (22.5-55.8). The physical, social and economic felt handicap was considered to be average or important in respectively 88%, 72% and 86% of the cases. The predictive factors of a high ASQOL (faded quality of life) are absence of occupation, high BASMI, a high number of painful articulations and high BASFI, BASDAI, BASG, BASRI and EVA total pain. The factors associated to the alteration of the quality of life according to SF-12'S are male sex, professional statute, high number of painful articulations and high BASDAI, BASFI and BASRI. CONCLUSION Our study shows the important deterioration of the quality of life in AS patients. The existence of the predictive factors of quality of life primarily related to the functional capacity of the patients and to the disease activity implicates an early and adequate disease management in order to decrease this repercussion.
Direct immunofluorescent studies of pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid.

Direct immunofluorescent (IF) staining was carried out on skin biopsy specimens of patients with skin diseases (including bullous skin diseases), with use of specific antisera to human IgG, IgA, IgM, and β 1 C/β 1 A globulin. IgG and complement (C') were consistently found in the basementmembrane-zone area in skin lesions of patients with bullous pemphigoid. Positive direct IF staining in bullous pemphigoid may assume considerable diagnostic importance, especially in cases without demonstrable circulating antibody. IgG was consistently observed in the intercellular-substance areas in lesions of patients with pemphigus, whereas C' was not detected. IgA and IgM, encountered in a few instances only, appear to have little, if any, significance in either disease. Special studies, involving autoreactivity, were done.
TSG-6 Is Concentrated in the Extracellular Matrix of Mouse Cumulus Oocyte Complexes Through Hyaluronan and Inter-Alpha-Inhibitor Binding1

Abstract During development of ovarian follicles in mammals, cumulus cells and the oocyte form a mucoelastic mass that detaches itself from peripheral granulosa cell layers upon an ovulatory surge. The integrity of this cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) relies on the cohesiveness of a hyaluronan (HA)-enriched extracellular matrix (ECM). We previously identified a serum glycoprotein, inter-alpha-inhibitor (IαI), that is critical in organizing and stabilizing this matrix. Following an ovulatory stimulus, IαI diffuses into the follicular fluid and becomes integrated in the ECM through its association with HA. TSG-6 (the secreted product of the tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene 6), another HA binding protein, forms a complex with IαI in synovial fluid. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether TSG-6 is involved in the ECM organization of COCs. Immunolocalization of TSG-6 and IαI in mouse COCs at different ovulatory stages was analyzed by immunofluorescence and laser confocal microscopy. IαI, TSG-6, and HA colocolized in the cumulus ECM. Western blot analyses were consistent with the presence of both TSG-6 and TSG-6/IαI complexes in ovulated COCs. These results suggest that TSG-6 has a structural role in COC matrix formation possibly mediating cross-linking of separate HA molecules through its binding to IαI.
Association Between Air Temperature and Cancer Death Rates in Florida

Proponents of global warming predict adverse events due to a slight warming of the planet in the last 100 years. This ecological study tests one of the possible arguments that might support the global warming theory – that it may increase cancer death rates. Thus, average daily air temperature is compared to cancer death rates at the county level in a U.S. state, while controlling for variables of smoking, race, and land elevation. The study revealed that lower cancer death rates were associated with warmer temperatures. Further study is indicated to verify these findings.
Challenges Associated With Using Large Data Sets for Quality Assessment and Research in Clinical Settings

The rapidly expanding use of electronic records in health-care settings is generating unprecedented quantities of data available for clinical, epidemiological, and cost-effectiveness research. Several challenges are associated with using these data for clinical research, including issues surrounding access and information security, poor data quality, inconsistency of data within and across institutions, and a paucity of staff with expertise to manage and manipulate large clinical data sets. In this article, we describe our experience with assembling a data-mart and conducting clinical research using electronic data from four facilities within a single hospital network in New York City. We culled data from several electronic sources, including the institution’s admission-discharge-transfer system, cost accounting system, electronic health record, clinical data warehouse, and departmental records. The final data-mart contained information for more than 760,000 discharges occurring from 2006 through 2012. Using categories identified by the National Institutes of Health Big Data to Knowledge initiative as a framework, we outlined challenges encountered during the development and use of a domain-specific data-mart and recommend approaches to overcome these challenges.
Secondary prevention of myocardial infarction: an uncertain feeling.

TT is often said that in 10 years, half of what we know -^ either becomes out of date or is discovered to be untrue.the uncertainty arises from not knowing which half. The management of myocardial infarction is one subject where we are particularly prone to feel that our seemingly secure base of knowledge is shifting under our feet: where are the six weeks* bedrest and anticoagulant regimes of yesteryear? We have further difficulty in applying the findings of epidemiological surveys, with all their statistical precision and apparent safety in numbers, to the patients we see, one at a time. individuals with their own quirks and modifying fac¬ tors. Epidemiologists, we murmur to ourselves at the bedside, do not seem to include patients like ours in their surveys. What, then, are we to make of the advice coming out of the vast amount of research into the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction? How should we advise our patients whom we treat at home? What should we do if the policies at our local hospital seem to be at odds with the evidence and with our own, probably changing, inclinations? Men aged 40-49 who have had a first myocardial infarct were found in a Swedish study (Wilhelmsson et al., 1978a) to be 40 to 50 times more likely to die suddenly in the following year, and 10 times more likely in the second year, compared with healthy men of the
Transpedicular Screw Placement Evaluated by Axial Computed Tomography of the Cervical Pedicle

Study Design. We evaluated the trajectory of transpedicular screws in the cervical spine using axial computed tomography (CT). Objectives. To provide a safe transpedicular screw trajectory by measuring the dimensions of the cervical pedicle and evaluating the entrance points and the insertion angles of transpedicular screws. Summary of Background Data. The morphology of the cervical pedicle has been studied, but few in vivo CT-based studies of pedicle dimensions and transpedicular screw placement in the cervical spine have been reported. Methods. The dimensions of the pedicles (C3–C7) were determined in 30 patients with cervical spinal lesions from CT images. The space available for transpedicular screws (SAS) was defined as the distance between two parallel lines tangential to the spinal canal and the transverse foramen, respectively. SAS was evaluated at 25° and 50° insertion angles. Results. SAS at a 25° insertion angle (SAS-25) ranged from 4.7 to 5.4 mm. SAS at 50° (SAS-50) ranged from 6.1 to 6.6 mm. SAS-25 and SAS-50 were significantly different. Four-millimeter-diameter screws would fit in all 120 C3–C6 vertebrae studied at 50°, but 20 (17%) would not fit at 25°. Conclusions. Axial CT measurements should facilitate transpedicular screw fixation in the cervical spine. We believe that the screw insertion angle should be close to 50°, which is the mean pedicle transverse angle from C3–C6. The entry point of the pedicle screw should be located as laterally as possible in the posterior surface of the lateral mass.
Social determinants of health: The role of neighbourhoods, psychological factors and health behaviours in predicting health outcomes for the urban poor in India

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of neighbourhoods, psychological characteristics and health behaviours on actual health outcomes and perceived health for a lower income urban Indian sample. A cross-sectional design was used with a community sample of 491 adults in two neighbourhoods. Neighbourhood and perceived stress played a role in predicitng risk of chronic conditions as well as perceived health. Positive emotional style was associated with decreased perception of poor health. Results support the importance of combining contextual as well as individual level characteristics in understanding health outcomes.
The Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism Is Not Associated With Response to Electroconvulsive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder

Abstract: The apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism is associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Its role regarding psychiatric disorders is controversial. It has been suggested to affect antidepressant treatment response and response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). In the present study, the association between APOE polymorphism and response to ECT in 119 patients with major depressive disorder was investigated. Moreover, a relation between APOE polymorphism and the age of onset of depression as well as the cognitive outcome of ECT was studied. In the whole population, no association was found between APOE polymorphism and response to ECT. However, in nonpsychotic patients, the ϵ2 allele tended to be more frequent in responders than nonresponders. Earlier onset of depression was observed in the patients with ϵ4 allele in late-life depression. There was no association between the APOE genotype and the cognitive change caused by ECT in the population as a whole. In women, however, ϵ2 allele may play a protective and ϵ4 allele a deleterious role in cognition during ECT.
The SAMI Galaxy Survey: The low-redshift stellar mass Tully-Fisher relation

We investigate the Tully–Fisher relation (TFR) for a morphologically and kinematically diverse sample of galaxies from the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field spectrograph (SAMI) Galaxy Survey using two-dimensional spatially resolved H α velocity maps and find a well-defined relation across the stellar mass range of 8.0 9.5 the fraction is 10 ± 1 per cent. We use ‘simulated slits’ to directly compare our results with those from long slit spectroscopy and find that aligning slits with the photometric, rather than the kinematic, position angle, increases global scatter below the TFR. Further, kinematic asymmetry is correlated with misalignment between the photometric and kinematic position angles. This work demonstrates the value of 2D spatially resolved kinematics for accurate TFR studies; integral field spectroscopy reduces the underestimation of rotation velocity that can occur from slit positioning off the kinematic axis.
Combination of a mood stabilizer with risperidone or haloperidol for treatment of acute mania: a double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of efficacy and safety.

OBJECTIVE The study assessed the efficacy and safety of risperidone as an adjunctive agent to mood stabilizers in the treatment of acute mania. METHOD This 3-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study included 156 bipolar disorder patients with a current manic or mixed episode who received a mood stabilizer (lithium or divalproex) and placebo, risperidone, or haloperidol. The primary efficacy measure was the Young Mania Rating Scale. Other assessments used the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Clinical Global Impression scale, and safety measures. RESULTS The trial was discontinued by 25 (49%) of the 51 placebo group patients, 18 (35%) of the 52 risperidone group patients, and 28 (53%) of the 53 haloperidol group patients. Mean modal doses were 3.8 mg/day (SD=1.8) of risperidone and 6.2 mg/day (SD=2.9) of haloperidol. Significantly greater reductions in Young Mania Rating Scale scores at endpoint and over time were seen in the risperidone group and in the haloperidol group, compared with the placebo group. Young Mania Rating Scale total scores improved with risperidone and with haloperidol both in patients with psychotic features and in those without psychotic features at baseline. Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale total scores at endpoint were significantly higher in the haloperidol patients than in the placebo patients. Antiparkinsonian medications were received by 8%, 17%, and 38% of patients in the placebo, risperidone, and haloperidol groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Risperidone plus a mood stabilizer was more efficacious than a mood stabilizer alone, and as efficacious as haloperidol plus a mood stabilizer, for the rapid control of manic symptoms and was well tolerated.
A Note on Secure Key Issuing in ID-based Cryptography

Most recently, Lee B. et al proposed a key issuing protocol for ID-based cryptography to solve the key escrow problem. However in this letter, we show that a malicious key generation center (KGC) can successfully attack the protocol to obtain users’ private keys. This means that in the protocol, the key escrow problem isn’t really removed.
The Business of Product Innovation: International Empirical Evidence

It is so widely recognized that innovation is a key driver of economic growth that it is cliche to say so. This article studies product innovation by firms with data from 68 countries, covering more than 25,000 firms in eight manufacturing sectors. The author assesses the predictions of inter-disciplinary research on innovation by firms. The econometric evidence suggests that globalization and local knowledge increase the likelihood that firms will introduce new products. By contrast, domestic regulatory impediments to competition are not robustly correlated with product innovation.
Markovian-based framework for cooperative channel selection in cognitive radio networks

The authors propose Markovian-based spectrum sensing policies in a cognitive radio system that leverages past sensing outcomes of several cooperating secondary users (SUs) to decide which channel (of primary users – PUs) should be sensed by each SU at a given time. These policies are based on a new finite-state channel model that captures the fading condition as well as the occupancy state for each primary channel. The multiuser extension of this model is useful when multiple spatially distributed SUs share their sensing outcomes. The proposed schemes allow the asynchronous sensing outcomes obtained by the SUs over different slots to be fused together and converted into a posteriori probabilities for the current states of the primary channels. As the detection threshold in a spectrum detector balances the trade-off between the false-alarm and miss probabilities for detecting primary signals in a single primary channel, a design parameter is introduced to allow the system designer to devise policies with different levels of aggressiveness. The authors evaluate the optimality and complexity of the proposed sensing policies and show that our schemes significantly increase secondary use of the spectrum and/or reduce interference with PUs compared to a random selection policy or a cooperative sensing policy based on a two-state channel model.
Dynamics of growth and dissemination of Salmonella in vivo

The last decade has witnessed increasing research on dissemination of bacterial pathogens in their hosts and on the processes that underlie bacterial spread and growth during organ colonization. Here, we discuss work on the mouse model of human typhoid fever caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. This has revealed the use of several routes of systemic dissemination that result in colonization and growth within the spleen and liver, the major sites of bacterial proliferation. We also highlight techniques that enable in vivo analysis of the infecting population at the spatiotemporal and single cell levels. These approaches have provided more detailed insights into the events underlying the dynamics of Salmonella replication, spread and clearance within host organs and tissues.
Skin scraping and a potassium hydroxide mount.

The standard method involves the following steps: Scraping This is a procedure in which the infected lesions are scraped to confirm the presence of fungal infection by microscopic examination. The lesions should be thoroughly cleaned free of any debris or medication by using alcohol or by washing. Separate potassium hydroxide mounts should be prepared from specimens collected from different sites. Application of little distilled water to the site usually enables easy sampling of the scales. The skin above the site should be pulled up with one hand and the scalpel edge moved across the edge of the lesion with the other. In hairy areas like scalp and beard, scraping along the edges, besides epilating short hair stubs and crusts, helps obtain a better yield.
"Milwaukee shoulder"--association of microspheroids containing hydroxyapatite crystals, active collagenase, and neutral protease with rotator cuff defects. I. Clinical aspects.

Four women, aged 63 to 90 years old, presented with mildly painful shoulders of decreased mobility or stability. Radiographic evidence of a complete tear of the fibrous rotator cuff was present in 7 of 8 shoulder joints. Microspheroids containing hydroxyapatite crystals were seen by scanning electronmicroscopy in 12 of 13 synovial fluid samples. All synovial fluids showed activated collagenase and neutral protease activity. This constellation of findings represents a heretofore undescribed syndrome which we have designated "Milwaukee shoulder. "
Randomized Double‐Blind Controlled Trial of Roflumilast at Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

the respective sites of disease to identify common pathways that can underpin dissection of the fundamental pathological process. This approach may elucidate the disease mechanisms in pulmonary TB, which continues to be poorly understood and for which standard treatment has remained unchanged for 40 years and vaccination for almost 100 years (9). Defining an autoimmune process that exacerbates pathology in TB would help inform emerging host-directed therapies, to limit the lung-tissue destruction that results in mortality and potentially to accelerate cure (10), as well as avoid vaccination strategies that may inadvertently exacerbate lung destruction and transmission. n