Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Body size, egg size, and their interspecific relationships with ecological and life history traits in butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea, Hesperioidea).

Abstract The interspecific relationships between egg size and body size in butterflies (Papilionoidea and Hesperiidae), and between size and egg and larval development time, larval trophic specificity, foodplant structure, climate, and phenology were investigated based on a sample of more than 1180 species. The independent contrasts method was used to avoid taxonomy-dependent results. Egg size is allometrically related to adult wing length by a slope of 0.43. Based on a subset of species, fecundity is correlated to adult body size, and there is evidence for a compromise between egg number and egg size (relative to adult size) across species. Butterfly size increases in correlation to the mean annual temperature of the species geographic range, but decreases in relation to increased aridity (or the length of the dry season). Larger butterflies tend to have longer larval development times, use large or structurally complex host plants, and are more likely to lay their eggs in batches, irrespective of climate. Larger eggs tend to develop more slowly, and give rise to larvae with longer developmental periods that will result in larger adults. No evidence was found to support a relationship between butterfly body size and polyphagy. A complex pattern of interrelationships links body size (and egg size) to other traits, although correlations other than that between egg size and body size are generally low. The results suggest the necessity of separating climate and seasonality into components that are relevant to insect life histories in comparative studies.
TITLE Green space , social inequalities and neonatal morta lity in France AUTHORS

TITLE Green space, social inequalities and neonatal morta lity in France AUTHORS Wahida Kihal W *Corresponding author’s: Email: Wahida.kihal@ehesp.fr Cindy Padilla C, Email: Cindy.Padilla@ehesp.fr Benoît Lalloué, Email: Benoît. Lalloué@ehesp.fr Marcello Gelormini, Email: Marcello.Gelormini@eleve.ehesp.fr Denis Zmirou-Navier, Email: Denis.Zmirou@inserm.fr Séverine Deguen Email: Séverine. Deguen@ehesp.fr
Combination of fluconazole and urea in a nail lacquer for treating onychomycosis

Background: Methods: Altogether, 13 patients with onychomycosis, aged 25–78 years, most with involvement of the matrix region, were treated. A solution of 1% fluconazole and 20% urea in a mixture of ethanol and water was applied once daily, at bedtime. Results: In four patients there was complete resolution of the condition; four patients who had involvement of one nail only demonstrated a 90% improvement. Of the four patients who had presented with involvement of both big toenails, two showed 50% improvement bilaterally and in the remaining two patients there was a 90% improvement in one nail and a 50% improvement in the other. One patient with proximal white subungual onychomycosis of the finger nail, who grew Alternaria, relapsed during treatment after an initial positive response. Conclusion: Generally, a favourable response to local treatment may be anticipated only if the distal two‐thirds of the nail is affected. In view of this, and despite the fact that most of the patients were severely affected with involvement of the proximal third of the nail, the response to local therapy was appreciable.
Oral Esophagus Stomach Colon Rectum Liver Lung Bladder Prostate Breast Ovary Corpus Cervix Thyroid NHL Leukemia Other Percentage Incidence Data for the Five Most Prevalent Cancers in Countries / Populations of the Pacific

The Pacific Ocean contains approximately 25,000 islands, stretching from Papua New Guinea to Easter Island, populated by mixtures of Melanesians, Micronesians and Polynesians, as well as migrant groups from Asia and Europe. The region encompasses a third of the surface of the earth although it is sparsely populated at a total of around 9 million. With the exception of some of the more populated islands, such as New Zealand and Hawaii, few surveys of chronic diseases have been conducted, but it is increasingly recognized that obesity, diabetes and associated conditions are emerging public health problems and clearly there is a need for cooperation to optimize control. Here we focus on cancer registry and epidemiological findings for Papua New Guinea, the Solomons, Vanuatu, Samoa, New Caledonia, Fiji, Polynesia, French Polynesia, Maori in New Zealand, Native Hawaiians, Micronesia, including Guam, and Aboriginal populations in Australia as assessed by PubMed searches and perusal of the International Agency for Cancer Research descriptive epidemiology database. Overall, the major cancers in males are oral and liver in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, and lung and prostate elsewhere (Fiji being exceptional in demonstrating a predominance of esophageal cancer), whereas in females it is breast and either cervix or lung, depending largely on whether cervical cancer screening program is active. In certain locations thyroid cancer is also very prevalent in females. The similarities and variation point to advantages for collaborative research to provide the evidence-base for effective cancer control programs in the region. Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10 Asian Epidemiology Supplement, 99-106
Complications Associated with the use of Meniscal Arrows

Meniscal repair has been shown to be beneficial and safe. 5,8,21 Many methods of repair have been developed, with three basic techniques being most commonly used: inside-out, outside-in, and the all-inside technique. The all-inside technique described in 1991 by Morgan 17 was developed for posterocentral tears of the meniscus and is technically demanding, often requiring the use of a 70° arthroscope and posterior portal placement. Other types of all-inside repairs have evolved, such as the suture hook and T-fix (Smith & Nephew, Andover, Massachusetts) suture anchor, both of which require arthroscopic knot-tying techniques. The use of bioabsorbable implants in meniscal repair and ACL reconstructions has become increasingly popular. The application of bioabsorbable implants for osteochondral fractures, interference screw fixation, and meniscal repair is an effective alternative to the use of metallic implants. 6,10,16 The polylactic acid meniscal arrow, originally reported in 1993 by Albrecht-Olsen et al., 1 was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 1997. The absorbable implant does not require a posterior portal or rely on arthroscopic knot tying. This was thought to provide a safe and simplified all-inside technique. The reported complications from use of this technique have been limited. 3,5,7,9,13,19,20 Two surgeons at our institution performed 28 all-inside meniscal repairs using meniscal arrows over a 2-year period; all repairs were done using the manufacturer's suggested technique. The cross-bow insertion device was not used. Retrospectively, complications were noted in five patients reported as a series of cases.
Neonatal Handling Reduces Renal Function in Adult Rats

Background/Aims: To evaluate the effects of neonatal handling on hydroelectrolytic balance in adult rats. Methods: The litters were divided into two groups: nonhandled and handled. The procedure consisted of handling the pups for 1 min/day in the first 10 days postnatally. When adults, animals had their body weight verified and were housed in individual metabolic cages. After a 24-hour period, urine samples were collected and the urinary and water intake volumes measured. Blood samples to determine osmolality, aldosterone, corticosterone, angiotensin II, creatinine, urea, sodium and potassium levels were collected. The kidneys were removed for histological assessment. Urinary osmolality, sodium, urea and creatinine were also measured and the creatinine clearance (CC) calculated. Results: No difference between groups was found in the body weight. Handled animals showed a reduction in the total kidney wet weight, water intake, urinary volume, CC, plasma angiotensin II, corticosterone and aldosterone when compared to the nonhandled and an increase in the urinary osmolality and sodium excretion fraction. No differences in serum potassium and no evidence of structural changes were demonstrated by histological analysis. Conclusion: Neonatal handling induced long-lasting effects decreasing renal function without evidence of kidney structural changes.
An Investigation of Attitudes towards Varieties of Spoken English in a Multi-lingual Environment

The objective of this research is to investigate the attitude of Saudi students with regard to varieties of spoken English in a multi-lingual environment. For this objective, twenty-five students who are enrolled in the College of Languages & Translation / KKU were selected. The methods used is that they are made in EFL program to listen to two short texts read by a Standard South African native English speaker (SSAE) and a Standard Indian English (SIE) speaker. The participants rated each speaker's perceived accents and comprehensibility. The results show that each speaker’s accent influences the listeners perceptions. However, the SIE speaker is more highly rated than the SSAE speaker on measures of perceived accent, comprehensibility, and education. As far as ratings of perceived accent, comprehensibility and actual comprehension are concerned, they are not significantly different; this suggests that a strongly perceived accent and reduced perceived comprehensibility do not affect actual listener comprehension. In conclusion, this study suggests a need for more research on the relationship between perceived accent, comprehensibility and actual comprehension. As EFL students harbor traditional views of English, this study also suggests the need for the further development of programs focusing on linguistic diversity of English to combat linguistic stereotypes and standard language ideologies.
Decreased Expression of UK 114 Is Related to the Differentiation Status of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Previous studies have identified that the expression of UK114 is tissue specific and the protein has been found to be most abundant in liver and kidney. However, the expression ofUK114 in humanhepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship to differentiation and transformation of hepatocellular carcinoma have not been studied. In this study, the expression of UK114 in human hepatocellular carcinoma was examined by Northern and Western blot analyses. We found that UK114 was significantly down-regulated in most of hepatocellular carcinoma tissues compared with adjacent nontumor tissues (72.7%) at both mRNA and protein levels. We looked into the possibility that this decreased expression of UK114 in the hepatocellular carcinoma tissues may play a role in the differentiation or tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the reduced expression of UK114 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues was correlated with the tumor differentiation status as graded by the Edmondson-Steiner classification. On the other hand, overexpression of UK114 was not able to suppress the proliferation of human hepatoma cells and tumorigenicity in nude mice. These results suggest that UK114 does not seem to act as a tumor suppressor gene; however, it may useful as a biomarker that will assist in the grading of the differentiation status of hepatocellular carcinoma samples. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(3):535–42)
İlköğretim İkinci Kademe Öğrencilerinin Yazılı Anlatım Becerilerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi: Erzincan Örneği*

Bilimsel ve teknolojik gelismeler neticesinde, degisen ve gelisen dunyada ki-mi zaman kaynak, kimi zaman ise alici durumunda olan insan, devam eden bu geli-sim surecinde var olabilmek adina kendini ifade edebilme gucune sahip olmalidir. Bireyin kendisini kalici ve etkili bir bicimde ifade edebilmesinin en kolay ve en gu-zel bicimi de kuskusuz yazma eylemidir. Bu calisma ilkogretim ikinci kademe og-rencilerinin yazili anlatim becerilerini cesitli degiskenler acisindan incelemek ama-ciyla yapilmistir. Genel Tarama modeliyle yapilan bu calismanin orneklemini kasti ornekleme yoluyla secilen 109 ogrenci olusturmaktadir. Calismada ogrencilere 14 maddelik formlar dagitilmis ve bu formlarin ogrenciler tarafindan doldurulmasi sag-lanmistir. Akabinde, ogrencilerin calisma kitaplari toplanarak yazili anlatim becerile-ri incelenmis ve “Kompozisyon Degerlendirme Olcegi”ne islenmistir. Elde edilen verilerin istatistik analizi icin SPSS programi araciligiyla “Bagimsiz Gruplar Arasi T- Testi” ve “Tek Yonlu Varyans Analizi” teknikleri kullanilmistir. Calisma sonu-cunda, “kiz ogrencilerin yazili anlatim becerileri bakimindan erkek ogrencilerden daha basarili oldugu, ilkogretim okulu duzeyinde bir sozluge ve yazim kilavuzuna sahip olmanin yazili anlatim becerilerini gelistirdigi; ogrencilerin sinif duzeyi yuk-seldikce yazili anlatim becerilerinde bir gerileme goruldugu; ogrencilerin son bir yilda okudugu kitap sayisinin fazlaligiyla yazili anlatim becerilerinin paralellik gos-terdigi; ilgi gosterilen kitap turuyle yazili anlatim becerileri arasinda anlamli bir ilis-kinin soz konusu olmadigi; sosyo-ekonomik duzeyi iyi olan ogrencilerin yazili anla-tim becerilerinin gelismis oldugu; okul basari puani yuksek olan ogrencilerin yazili anlatim becerilerinin daha iyi durumda oldugu” sonucuna ulasilmistir.
Pneumonia caused by a newly recognized pseudomonad in a child with chronic granulomatous disease

A pseudomonad was isolated from the pleural fluid and pulmonary decortication tissue of a 5-year-old child with chronic granulomatous disease. Although the isolate was phenotypically similar to Pseudomonas cepacia, its biochemical profile was more similar to that of Pseudomonas pickettii biovar 2. Its slow growth rate, ability to hydrolyze urea rapidly, and lateral and polar flagellar pattern were suggestive of Oligella ureolytica (formerly CDC group IVe). The cellular fatty acid composition was similar to that of P. cepacia and Pseudomonas gladioli, except for the presence of dodecanoic acid. Numerical analysis of the fatty acid data supported the interrelatedness of the isolate with other species of the pseudomallei group (rRNA homology group II) of Pseudomonas. The organism described in this report is an addition to the growing list of catalase-positive organisms which can potentially cause severe morbidity in patients with chronic granulomatous disease.
An Adaptive P300-Based Online Brain–Computer Interface

The P300 component of an event related potential is widely used in conjunction with brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) to translate the subjects intent by mere thoughts into commands to control artificial devices. A well known application is the spelling of words while selection of the letters is carried out by focusing attention to the target letter. In this paper, we present a P300-based online BCI which reaches very competitive performance in terms of information transfer rates. In addition, we propose an online method that optimizes information transfer rates and/or accuracies. This is achieved by an algorithm which dynamically limits the number of subtrial presentations, according to the subject's current online performance in real-time. We present results of two studies based on 19 different healthy subjects in total who participated in our experiments (seven subjects in the first and 12 subjects in the second one). In the first, study peak information transfer rates up to 92 bits/min with an accuracy of 100% were achieved by one subject with a mean of 32 bits/min at about 80% accuracy. The second experiment employed a dynamic classifier which enables the user to optimize bitrates and/or accuracies by limiting the number of subtrial presentations according to the current online performance of the subject. At the fastest setting, mean information transfer rates could be improved to 50.61 bits/min (i.e., 13.13 symbols/min). The most accurate results with 87.5% accuracy showed a transfer rate of 29.35 bits/min.
An in vitro microleakage study of class V cavities restored with a new self-adhesive flowable composite resin versus different flowable materials

Background: Regarding the importance of sealing ability of restorative dental materials, this study was done to assess the microleakage of class V cavities restored with a new self-adhesive flowable composite resin and compare to different flowable materials. Materials and Methods: Seventy standardized class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface of maxillary premolars teeth. The occlusal and the gingival margins of the cavities were located on the enamel and cementum/dentin, respectively. Teeth were randomly assigned into five groups (n = 14) and restored with different flowable materials following the manufacturer's instructions: groups I and II: EMBRACE WetBond flowable composite resin with and without acid etching and bonding agent, respectively; group III: flowable compomer (Dyract Flow); and IV and V: microhybrid (Tetric Flow) and nanofilled (Premise Flowable) flowable composite resins, respectively. After finishing and polishing, the teeth were stored in distilled water at 37°C, thermocycled, coated with nail varnish, and immersed in a basic fuchsin, and then longitudinally sectioned. Dye penetration was examined with a stereomicroscope and scored separately for occlusal and gingival on a 0-3 ordinal scale. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests (α=0.05). Results: EMBRACE WetBond with acid etching and bonding agent had significantly less microleakage at the occlusal margins than those without, but not at cervical margins. Also cavities restored with EMBRACE WetBond without acid etching and bonding agent showed significantly greater microleakage scores than other groups at occlusal margin, but there was no significant difference at the cervical margin. Conclusion: The application of acid etching and bonding agent with EMBRACE WetBond provided better occlusal marginal sealing than those without at class V cavities.
Systematic grading of surgical complications in live liver donors according to Clavien's system

The lack of consensus on how to evaluate surgical complications of donors in live donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and incoherence of cumulative data hampers efficient comparison of the outcome worldwide. We considered that the application of the internationally validated classification system introduced by Clavien in 2004 might be beneficial. Operative complications of 243 patients who underwent live donor hepatectomy for adult LDLT between January 1996 and October 2005 at the University of Tokyo were analyzed according to the system. Definitions for each grade in the system are: grade I, deviation from the normal postoperative course but without the need for therapy; grade II, complication requiring pharmacologic treatment; grade III, complication with the need for surgical, endoscopic or radiological intervention (IIIa/b: without/with the need for general anesthesia); grade IV, life‐threatening complication requiring intensive care; grade V, death. Surgical morbidity was recognized in 67 donors (28%). No deaths occurred. The numbers of patients with complications were: grade I, 36 (15%); II, 10 (4%); IIIa, 12 (5%); IIIb, 9 (4%); IV, 0; V, 0. Six in IIIb underwent surgical repair for bile leakage. Clavien's system is simple and informative. It may serve as a common tool for the quality assessment in live liver donor surgery worldwide, and we propose its application whenever surgical complication of live donor is discussed.
The genetic basis of persistence and recovery in stuttering.

Although past research has provided evidence of a genetic component to the transmission of susceptibility to stuttering, the relationship between the genetic component to stuttering and persistence and recovery in the disorder has remained unclear. In an attempt to characterize this relationship, the immediate and extended families of 66 stuttering children were investigated to determine frequencies of cases of persistent and recovered stuttering. Pedigree analysis and segregation analysis were used to examine patterns of transmission. The following questions were investigated: 1. Is there a sex effect in recovery from stuttering? Here, we sought to test the hypothesis that females are more likely to recover than males, leading to the change in sex ratio from approximately 2:1 males to females close to onset of the disorder, to 4 or 5:1 in adulthood. 2. Is persistence/recovery in stuttering transmitted in families? If recovery/ persistence appears to be transmitted, (a) are recovered and persistent stuttering independent disorders? ; (b) is recovery a genetically milder form of persistent stuttering? ; or (c) is persistence/recovery transmitted independent of the primary susceptibility to stuttering? Results indicated sharply different sex ratios of persistent versus recovered stutterers in that recovery among females is more frequent than among males. It was found that recovery or persistence is indeed transmitted, and further, that recovery does not appear to be a genetically milder form of stuttering, nor do the two types of stuttering appear to be genetically independent disorders. Data are most consistent with the hypothesis that persistent and recovered stuttering possess a common genetic etiology, and that persistence is, in part, due to additional genetic factors. Segregation analyses supported these conclusions and provided statistical evidence for both a single major locus and polygenic component for persistent and recovered stuttering.
ICFHR2014 Competition on Arabic Writer Identification Using AHTID/MW and KHATT Databases

This paper describes the first edition of the Arabic writer identification competition using AHTID/MW and KHATT databases held in the context of the 14th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR2014). This competition has used the new freely available Arabic Handwritten Text Images Database written by Multiple Writers (AHTID/MW) and the Arabic handwritten text database called KHATT presented in ICFHR2012. We propose three tasks in this Arabic writer identification competition: the first and second are based respectively on word and text line level using the AHTID/MW database and the third one is paragraph based using the KHATT database. We received one system for the second task, three systems for the third task and none for the first task. All systems are tested in a blind manner using a set of images kept internal. A short description of the participating groups, their systems, the experimental setup, and the observed results are presented.
The let-7 g microRNA promotes follicular granulosa cell apoptosis by targeting transforming growth factor-β type 1 receptor

The intronic microRNA let-7g controls cell differentiation and proliferation during angiogenesis and oncogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that let-7g regulates granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis and follicular atresia in the pig ovary. Bioinformatics analyses and luciferase reporter assays showed that transforming growth factor-β type 1 receptor (TGFBR1) is a let-7g target. Overexpression of let-7g induced apoptosis of porcine GCs in vitro and repressed the mRNA and protein levels of TGFBR1, as well as the level of phosphorylated SMAD3 (p-SMAD3) protein. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of TGFBR1 and inhibitor LY2157299-mediated blocking of TGFBR1 significantly increased the rate of apoptosis of GCs and Caspase-3 activity. In addition, treatment of porcine GCs with TGF-β1 reduced the level of let-7g and increased the levels of the TGFBR1 mRNA and proteins significantly. Overall, these results demonstrate that let-7g regulates the apoptosis of GCs in the pig ovary by targeting TGFBR1 and down-regulating the TGF-β signaling