Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
REVEAL: a contemporary US pulmonary arterial hypertension registry

Although a substantial amount of information about clinical pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has accumulated over the past decades, there remains a need for our understanding to keep pace with the evolving milieu in which management of patients with PAH occurs. The goal of the Patient Registry for the Characterization of Primary Pulmonary Hypertension, initiated in 1981 under the sponsorship of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), was to elucidate the clinical characteristics and natural history of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (now called idiopathic PAH; IPAH). The practical aims of the registry were to promote understanding about potential causes, facilitate early and accurate diagnosis, and develop more effective treatment strategies [1]. Analysis of the 187 patients who were enrolled from 1981 to 1985 laid a foundation of knowledge which provided the impetus for the creation of appropriate diagnostic algorithms, predictive models and the development of more effective drugs. Indeed, the importance of this undertaking has been demonstrated by its use as a basis of comparison when judging the efficacy of various treatment modalities. However, largely as a result of these advances, as well as the recognition (articulated in subsequent international symposia [2–4]) that pulmonary vascular disease is a factor in a broader spectrum of clinical contexts, the pulmonary hypertension (PH) medical community has perceived that the current understanding of this constellation of pulmonary vasculopathies requires updating and expansion. While randomised trials remain the standard for evaluating the safety and efficacy of new drugs and treatment regimens, the structured design of clinical trials is not optimal for evaluating a range of other scientific objectives. Observational studies, when consecutive enrolment is employed, do not suffer from the selection bias that exists in almost all clinical trials, allowing for a more accurate and generalisable assessment of demographics, …
Delay Impacts onto Turnaround Performance Optimal Time Buffering for Minimizing Delay Propagation

During 2007, 19% of all European flights were more than 15 min late. One contributor to this delay is the insufficient ground operation performance inducing excessive process durations. Whenever these processes are part of the critical Turnaround (TA) path, such as de-boarding, fuelling, cleaning, catering and boarding, the effects immediately propagate an accumulating delay through the ATM network. Recent studies have investigated into the effects of technical aircraft deficiencies onto TA reliability, and could show that significant potential is given for improvement. Field analyses at German airlines showed that pre-set quality standards for punctuality can actually not be met. This paper extends that analysis by considering the individual inbound delay measured at the gate, revealing the correlation between TA process duration and stability versus a given delay with an analytical model. The concept of dynamically scheduling buffer times to compensate for potential delays into the ground time of aircraft turnaround operations is introduced into our model. It can be shown that dynamic buffering may overcome deficiencies of the currently applied buffer strategies for ground processes. The paper closes with a strategy on how to scale gate time to cope with demanding punctuality requirements from the customer's side. With regards to Airport CDM concepts, the dependencies found may be used in decision support tools to trigger ground handling resource (personnel and tools) planner and motivate for strategies specifically for Ground Handling Companies.
Seismic activity in Iceland during 2004

Using seismological data from the Icelandic Meteorological Office, this article summarises inland and offshore earthquake activity in Iceland during 2004. About 12,000 earthquakes were recorded during the year. The largest earthquake had a body-wave magnitude of 4.5 and it occurred on 25 September 80 km offshore from the southwest tip of the Reykjanes Peninsula. Two intense earthquake swarms occurred on the Reykjanes Ridge; one in April and the other in September. The largest swarm on the Reykjanes Peninsula comprised 1500 earthquakes; it occurred in July and was concentrated beneath the Fagradalsfjall mountain. Activity in the Ölfus-Hengill region paralleled that of the previous three years, with the largest earthquake attaining a local moment-magnitude (Mlw) of 4.2. In the South Iceland Seismic Zone, residual aftershocks occurred on the faults produced by two local Mw=6.5 earthquakes in June 2000. Two earthquake swarms were observed northeast of Langjökull in a region where earthquakes are uncommon. Earthquake activity within the western flank of the Katla volcano showed strong seasonality, peaking during the autumn as observed for decades. An earthquake swarm took place within the Katla caldera, including a Mlw 3.9 earthquake on 02 July. Seismic activity at Grímsvötn increased significantly from mid 2003 until late 2004. On 01 November, a swarm of over 180 earthquakes were recorded at Grímsvötn; at the height of this swarm, a volcanic eruption began, lasting for a week. A public warning was issued one hour ahead of the eruption. Additionally, 29 icequakes were located in Skeiðarárjökull during a jökulhlaup from Grímsvötn that began two days before the November eruption. Throughout 2004, many earthquake swarms happened in the Tjörnes Fracture Zone; the largest swarm was located at the mouth of Eyjafjörður and comprised 600 events. Swarms of similar intensity are commonplace in this region.
Genomewide search and association studies in a Finnish celiac disease population: Identification of a novel locus and replication of the HLA and CTLA4 loci

It has been reported that celiac disease (CD) is strongly associated with the HLA‐DQ2 alleles DQA1*0501 and DQB1*0201. However, this association only accounts for a portion of the genetic component of CD. Several non‐HLA loci and candidate genes that potentially contribute to CD susceptibility have been reported, but have not been confirmed. The aim of this study was to identify loci that contribute to disease susceptibility in a CD population from Finland. We performed a genomewide linkage scan and identified two regions of significant linkage to CD (6p and 2q23‐32) and one region of suggestive linkage (10p). We also performed targeted typing and analyses that replicated the associations of the HLA and CTLA4 loci. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Psychometric Assessment of the HIV/AIDS Questionnaire in the Multiple-Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS-6)

Background: This study aimed to psychometrically assess the HIV/AIDS items of MICS-6 in the Iranian population in the effort to collect valid and reliable data regarding the Iranian culture. Methods: This methodological study is a psychometric assessment of the HIV/AIDS items in the Multiple-Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) as the AIDS module in MICS Round 6, which includes items on awareness and stigma in people aged over 15 and examines them for their HIV test history. First, the AIDS module was translated into Persian and then translated back into English; subsequently, the psychometric properties of the Persian version were assessed. The face, content and construct validities of this version were also evaluated. The test-retest and internal consistency estimates were also used to determine the instrument’s reliability, and the questionnaire was implemented in 200 samples from the target population as a pilot study. Results: The validity of the instrument was confirmed with a CVR higher than 0.78 and a CVI of 0.79. The exploratory factor analysis was performed to confirm the validity of the five factors of the MICS-6. A high internal consistency was reported with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.98 for the questionnaire as a whole and questionnaire has good validity and reliability. Conclusion: The Persian version of the AIDS module of the MICS-6 has satisfactory reliability and validity. The present findings are consistent with the results of other studies on the psychometrics of the international AIDS questionnaire.
Segregated and not equal ? Occupation , earnings gap between urban residents and rural migrants in Vietnam

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the earnings differentials between the locals and the rural–urban migrants in urban labor market in Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach – Using the new Vietnam Rural-Urban Migration Survey 2013 (VRUMS2013) that is specifically designed for rural–urban migration, the author applies Appleton et al.’s (1999) procedure correcting for potential selectivity to decompose the offered earnings gap between the locals and the rural–urban migrants into withinand between-occupation pay differential. Bootstrapping is used to derive the standard errors for the decomposition results. The author further applies the propensity score matching (PSM) method to check whether the results are robust by restricting the sample to the “common support. ” Findings – Within-job difference, particularly, the favorable treatment toward urban workers contributes significantly to the overall and total unexplained earnings gap. Further, between-job pay differential attributed to the over-representation of urban workers in high-paying job also helps to widen the gap. These results are robust restricting to the “common support” sample using PSM. Research limitations/implications – Due to the sample size, occupations are only classified into three broad categories. Finer classification will allow a better comparison between the contributions of between and within-occupation to earning inequality. The data are only limited to a few cities and do not include other urban centers that also receive rural–urban migrants. Practical implications – Policies to promote equal pay and alleviate within-job “discrimination,” especially the preferential treatment favoring the locals (rather than to provide equal access to different jobs) are crucial for migrants’ labor outcome. Moreover, this study can, to some extent, be seen as a timely contribution for the debate on household registration reform in general and in Vietnam specifically. Given China’s announcement to grant permanent household registration (hukou) to unregistrated migrants in late 2015, investigating whether there is a two-tier labor market in the cities in Vietnam is particularly important for the ongoing debate regarding future of household registration system (ho khau). Originality/value –This is the first study in Vietnam on rural–urbanmigration and occupation segregation – an area that has been relatively less well studied in developing/transitional countries. Vietnam is also one of the few developing countries who have household registration system in place. This has made it an interesting case. The author uses a new survey data to apply the Appleton et al. (1999) decomposition on the offered wage gap rather than observed wage gap. Standard errors of the decomposition results are bootstrapped and a robust check using propensity score method is conducted.
Composition Electrolytic Coatings with Given Functional Properties

Ternary alloys of cobalt with molybdenum and tungsten deposited from biligand citrate-pyrophosphate electrolyte by pulsed mode exhibit different compositions and surface morphologies depending on current density and on/off time. The structure of binary and ternary alloys was found to be amorphous crystalline, and intermetallic phases Co 7 W 6 and Co 7 Mo 3 were identified in deposits. The coherent-scattering region size of the amorphous part was detected of 2 – 8 nm. The amorphous structure of ternary alloys and significant content of alloying elements (Mo and W) predeter-mine improved high corrosion resistance. Corrosion resistance of binary and ternary deposits increases with total content of refractory metals, which associated with molybdenum and tungsten, enhancing corrosion resistance to pitting as well as decreasing in roughness and smoothing out the relief of ternary coatings. Ternary galvanic alloys of cobalt with molybdenum and zirconium with micro-globular morphology with low level of stress and cracks are formed at a current density of 4 – 6 A dm (cid:1) 2 and polarization on/off time 2/10 ms. High corrosion resistance of ternary coatings based on cobalt is caused by the increased tendency to passivity and high resistance to pitting corrosion in the presence of molybdenum and zirconium, as well as the acid nature of their oxides.
Exploration and Practice on Stimulation of Students ’ Interests in Theoretical Physics Courses

How to stimulate university students’ interests in studying theoretical physics courses is a general question for most universities. Taking electrodynamics as an example, we bring out and illustrate four relevant ways in detail, which are teaching guidance for each knowledge point, notice on physical images, extensive discussions inside and outside classroom, and use of various media to guide interests. The above methods are based on the authors’ teaching practice and have been proved to be working. Our exploration and discussion may provide the reference for the colleagues of physics teachers in colleges and universities. Keywords—theoretical physics; electrodynamics; study interest; combination of theoretical content and practice
Cutaneous and systemic plasmocytosis

Cutaneous and systemic plasmacytosis is a rare disorder observed mainly in Japanese that features an infiltration of mature plasma cells in various organ systems. In addition to the skin, lymph nodes and bone marrow are regularly affected. Laboratory tests show a polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. The cutaneous morphology is characterized by red to dark brown macules, papules and plaques a few centimeters in diameter, usually distributed symmetrically on the face, neck and back. Etiology and pathogenesis are not known. It is speculated that a reactive dysfunction of plasma cells may be triggered by various stimuli, such as interleukin 6. Treatment of cutaneous and systemic plasmacytosis is difficult. A standardized treatment concept does not yet exist. Topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors are mainly used.
The Effect of Mouthrinse Containing Calcium Glycerophosphate on the Chemical Composition and Development of Plaque in Humans

Children rinsed twice daily with one of two concentrations of calcium glycerophosphate or a placebo. Plaque was collected at two-week intervals for eight weeks, and Löe and Silness Indices determined. Results indicate a lower index rating and a higher phosphorus content for experimental groups than for the control at the four-week examination.
Global Attractivity, Oscillations and Chaos in A Class of Nonlinear, Second Order Difference Equations

The asymptotic properties of a class of nonlinear second order difference equations are studied. Sufficient conditions that imply the types of behavior mentioned in the title are discussed, in some cases within the context of the macroeconomic business cycle theory. We also discuss less commonly seen types of behavior, such as the equilibrium being simultaneously attracting and unstable, or the occurrence of oscillations away from a unique equilibrium. RESUMEN Se estudian las propiedades asintóticas de una clase de ecuaciones en diferencia no lineales de segundo orden. Se discuten condiciones suficientes que implican los tipos de comportamiento mencionados en el t́ıtulo, en algunos casos dentro del contexto de la teoŕıa del ciclo de los negocios macroeconómicos. Además se discuten tipos de comportamiento menos vistos comúnmente, tales como el equilibrio siendo simultáneamente atractivo e inestable, o la ocurrencia de oscilaciones lejos de un equilibrio único.
Effects of Occupational Stress on Blood Lipids, Blood Sugar and Immune Function of Doctors

Background: We aimed to investigate the effects of occupational stress on blood lipids, blood glucose and immune function of doctors. Methods: In 2017, 1291 doctors (565 males, 726 females) in The First Hospital Affiliated with Harbin Medical University (Harbin, China) were enrolled based on the principle of convenience of sampling and cluster sampling. Questionnaires were used to investigate demographic characteristics and occupational stress related factors. Level of glycated hemoglobin was detected by immunoturbidimetric method. Concentration of triglyceride was determined by glycerol phosphate oxidase end point method. Total cholesterol concentration in serum was determined by total cholesterol oxidase end point method. Concentration of serum immunoglobulin was detected by immunoturbidimetry. Results: Levels of glycated hemoglobin and triglyceride in high tension group were higher than those in the low tension group. Levels of IgG and IgM in high tension group were lower than those in low tension group. The risk of elevated glycated hemoglobin levels in > 50-yr-old age group was higher than that of the =<35-yr-old age group. Those in the high coping strategy group was higher in the low coping strategy group. The risk of elevated total cholesterol levels in drinkers is 1.158 times that of non-drinkers. The risk of IgG concentration reduction in smokers was 0.428 times that of non-smokers. The risk of a decrease in IgA concentration in doctors with good sleep quality is 1.527 times that of those with poor sleep quality. Conclusion: Occupational stress can lead to increased blood lipids and sugar levels as well suppression of immune function in doctors.
HRP study of the organization of auditory afferents ascending to central nucleus of inferior colliculus in cat

The ascending auditory projections to central nucleus of inferior colliculus its ventrolateral and dorsomedial subdivisions (ICVI, and ICDM) have been studied in cat using both pressure and electrophoretic injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The results indicate that the predominant ascending projections to inferior colliculus orginate in (1) contralateral cochlear nucleus, (2) contralateral and ipsilateral lateral superior olive, (3) ipsilateral medial superior olive, (4) ipsilateral ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, (5) ipsilateral and contralateral dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, and (6) contralateral inferior colliculus. In addition, ipsilateral cochlear nucleus, ipsilateral and contralateral intermediate nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, ipsilateral, and to a lesser extent contralateral, periolivary nuclei project to inferior colliculus. Of these nuclei, the lateral superior olive projects exclusively to ICVL and ipsilateral cochlear nucleus and contralateral inferior colliculus project mostly, if not exclusively, to ICDM. Many of these projections demonstrate a cochleotopic organization and frequently a nucleotopic organization as well. A cochleotopic organization of the projections is apparent for cochlear nucleus and superior olivary complex. A nucleotopic organization suggests that the heaviest terminations of contralateral inferior colliculus are medial and dorsal in inferior colliculus, of medial superior olive are dorsal and lateral, of superior olivary complex are rostral, of cochlear nucleus are caudal, and of ventral nucleus of the lateral leminiscus are caudal.
jungles the evolution of Iranian tribal craft traditions using trees and The cophylogeny of populations and cultures : reconstructing

References http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing. org/content/365/1559/3865.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 37 articles, 8 of which can be accessed free Rapid response http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing. org/letters/submit/royptb;365/1559/3865 Respond to this article Subject collections (2136 articles) evolution  (292 articles) taxonomy and systematics  (1559 articles) behaviour  Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections
STRUCTURE OF HIGH REYNOLDS NUMBER ADVERSE PRESSURE GRADIENT TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER

A high Reynolds number adverse pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer experiment was carried out in the large wind tunnel of Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille using synchronized stereo PIV systems and a hot-wire rake of 143 single wire probes. A 2D bump was used to create converging-diverging flow inside the test section. Measurement were performed on the decelerating part of the bump. Reynolds number based on the momentum thickness was 17 100. In order to investigate structural characteristics of the high Reynolds number turbulent boundary layer under influence of strong adverse pressure gradient in a statistical sense, simultaneously sampled hot-wire data of 143 probes were used to compute two-point correlations on both streamwise – spanwise (XZ) planes parallel to wall and streamwise – wall-normal (XY) planes normal to the wall. The results presented in this paper indicate that most of the activity creating significant correlations is confined from wall to top of the log-layer, which is about y + of 700 in this case. Maximum streamwise extent of the correlation on XZ plane is approximately ±4. 5δ. Similarly, the elongated correlations in the streamwise direction on XY planes reach maximum 10δ in length inside the log-layer. The wake region produces weak correlations compared to the ones observed inside the log-layer.
Ecotourism Development in China: Achievements, Problems and Strategies

Abstract: Since the 1990s, ecotourism has developed rapidly and been an important and distinctive part of the tourism industry in China. Based on an analysis of the current development status and problems of Chinese ecotourism, this paper puts forward the development goals and strategies for ecotourism in the future. In addition, it tries to provide some suggestions for Chinese ecotourism development. It is proposed that the main path for making China a competitive country for ecotourism is to form a comprehensive system including public services, resources conservation, environmental education, policies and regulations, eco-certification, marketing promotion, community participation, technology and talent by constructing ecotourism cooperation areas, destinations, ecotour routes and ecological scenic roads.
ON MODE I AND MODE II BRIDGING LAWS AND BRIDGING MECHANISMS IN Z-PINNED COMPOSITE LAMINATES

This paper reviews our recent progresses in the research on z-pinning reinforcement. The contents will include theoretical, numerical and experimental studies on mode I and mode II z-pinned delamination fracture and corresponding bridging laws. Experimental method of bridging law evaluation will be introduced. Comparison of experimental results and theoretical prediction on a z-pinned double-cantilever beam (DCB) mode I delamination with the evaluated bridging law will be provided to confirm the reliability of the methods. A parametric study by the finite element method (FEM) will be presented to both Mode I and Mode II z-pinned delaminations. A latest result of the effect of loading rate on Mode I delamination growth will also be introduced.