Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Need for cognition and discrepancy detection in the misinformation effect

ABSTRACT Need for Cognition (NFC) was explored in the misinformation effect paradigm where participants view an event and receive post-event information that contains false information. The misinformation often leads to decreased memory accuracy and incorporation of the misinformation into the original event memory. The present study sought to determine whether high-NFC individuals would be more likely to detect discrepancies between the original event and the misinformation, making them less susceptible to the influence of misinformation. This was hypothesised because high-NFC individuals should be more likely to engage in effortful processing that could be used to carefully monitor the source of misinformation and detect discrepancies in order to avoid false memories. Further, when presented with misinformation, high-NFC individuals had more accurate memories and accepted less misinformation than low-NFC individuals. The results suggest that high-NFC individuals are less susceptible to misinformation suggesting they might be more likely to engage in discrepancy detection.
A study on the impact of the factors reflect solvency to the bankruptcy risk of real estate companies: Evidence from Vietnam stock exchange

Article history: Received: April 28 2019 Received in revised format: May 15 2019 Accepted: June 14, 2019 Available online: June 15, 2019 Under the impact of the global crisis, the Vietnam real estate exchange has become degraded and frozen for a long time. The solvency is decreased, leading to a high risk of bankruptcy of real estate companies. Therefore, determining the factors reflecting solvency in real estate companies helps to give synchronous solutions, to improve performance efficiency, to prevent and to mitigate bankruptcy risk in the real estate companies listed on Vietnam’s stock exchange. Research data were collected from 45 out of 55 real estate companies listed on Vietnam’s stock exchanges (accounting for 81.82% of the sample) with 360 observations. The study proposes a logit model showing the relationship between solvency and bankruptcy risk and conducts analysis and verification on SPSS dedicated software (version 25) to find out the variables affecting bankruptcy risk. The results show that (with a prediction accuracy of 91.4%) in these companies, indicators of solvency influencing bankruptcy risk include: (1) Operating cash flows to average total liabilities ratio and (2) Net working capital to total assets ratio. The impact of the remaining factors (a) Owner’s equity to long-term debt and (b) Current assets to current liabilities was unclear. Based on the research results, specific recommendations and solutions were proposed to improve solvency, prevent and mitigate bankruptcy risk in the real estate companies listed on Vietnam’s stock exchange. © 2019 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
A Deweyan positive education: psychology with philosophy

ABSTRACT Dewey’s vision for schooling can perhaps be described as an early positive education, a term now attributed to programmes derived from positive psychology. Positive psychology’s goals for education share many of Dewey’s ideas about community-mindedness and the role of education in nurturing citizenship. Having emerged from positive psychology, however, current programmes under the umbrella of positive education differ in that they are grounded in science rather than philosophy and are sometimes criticised for being morally neutral and individualistic. In this paper, we argue that the work of Dewey may address these challenges by contributing an understanding of the pragmatic connection between philosophy and psychology, as well as a more social view of education through occupations.
Análisis de las competencias en la educación superior a través de flipped classroom

El proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la universidad exige una continua adaptación a las nuevas propuestas metodológicas. Las clases magistrales han dado paso a estudiantes activos, abiertos a desarrollar las competencias necesarias para su futuro profesional. El modelo flipped classroom adquiere mayor importancia en las aulas universitarias por su enfoque constructivista, trasladando el foco del profesor al alumno. Se describen algunos de los aspectos más relevantes de este modelo de aprendizaje a partir de una revisión bibliográfica. Los resultados están en línea con la búsqueda de capacidades como la autonomía, el análisis interpretativo y la autocrítica.
Causes of Social Anxiety among Elementary Grade Children.

The present study was conducted as an extension of an earlier study which examined the prevalence of social anxiety among elementary school children. This study, as a further step of the first study, tried to find out the causes of social anxiety among elementary grade children. The objective of the study was to find out the major causes of social anxiety in elementary grade children. Structured interview schedules were used to collect data from 30 boys and 30 girls from Central Model School and Government Girls High School, Samanabad respectively. These boys and girls had already been identified as having social anxiety in the previous study. The findings of the present study indicated that the major cause of social anxiety among both boys and girls was their personal thinking factor.
Video Gaming for STEM Education

The focus of this chapter is how video games can be utilized for instructional purposes, specifically in the STEM areas (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics). Gaming, as an instructional tool, enables educators to create participatory learning activities, assess understanding of complex and ill-formed situations, facilitate critical thinking and problem solving capabilities, and ensure active engagement across the learning continuum for all students. How to use it effectively, however, is a topic of debate among many educational scholars. In order to create innovative ways to teach classic concepts using video games, instructors need diverse skills: technology skills to access video games that meet the needs of today’s learners for active engagement, instructional skills to integrate theory and practice, as well as adhere to the standards of academic rigor, and leadership skills to guide students to higher levels of critical and creative thinking. Therefore, this chapter will explore the vast world of video games and the opportunities for instructors to incorporate them into lesson planning. The basis of this empirical work is to align the guiding principles of STEM with the identification of accessible games, based upon learning principles and assessment strategies. The challenge for 21st century educators will be how to bridge the gap between the traditional development of skill sets to meet workforce demands in a dynamically changing global economy that simultaneously creates employees who are capable of innovation, collaboration, and deep critical thinking. Kim J. Hyatt Carnegie Mellon University, USA Jessica L. Barron Duquesne University, USA Michaela A. Noakes Duquesne University, USA
What We Know and Still Need to Know about Gender Aspects of Delusional Disorder: A Narrative Review of Recent Work

While gender differences in the psychopathology and clinical course of schizophrenia have been extensively reported, the potential for analogous differences in delusional disorder has been understudied. Our aim in this paper is to focus on the recent literature on delusional disorder and to explore gender aspects. This is a non-systematic, narrative and critical review. The review is divided into the following main sections: gender differences in epidemiology, symptomatology, phenotypic factor analyses, psychiatric comorbidity, response and adherence to medications, and clinical trajectories. Culture-bound delusional syndromes are also addressed, and potential causes for gender differences and their treatment are critically discussed. Although DMS-5 reports no gender differences in the frequency of delusional disorder or in delusional content, several studies have found erotomania to be more frequent in women. There seem also to be gender differences in affective and substance abuse comorbidity, which may prove clinically important. The loss of the neuroprotection conferred by estrogens during the reproductive period in women may trigger depressive symptoms after menopause. The interaction of age and gender has been insufficiently studied as is also the case for selective cultural pressures on men and women and their impact on the content of delusions. Studies designed to focus on gender differences in response to treatment are currently needed in delusional disorder
Sex work-based livelihoods in post 2000 in Zimbabwe

ABSTRACT The paper examines the role sex work played as a livelihood opportunity for women to meet short and long term needs. Post 2000 Zimbabwe underwent a major socioeconomic crisis which culminated in world record inflation rates, widespread poverty, high unemployment, food and cash shortages. This culminated in 2008 where the country suspended its currency and adopted a multi-currency system with the American dollar gaining prominence as the mode of exchange. Sex work has a long history in colonial and post-colonial Zimbabwe but post 2000 period requires a nuanced analysis of how this livelihood activity has evolved in response to the ever-changing macroeconomic context. Participant observation and unstructured interviews with female sex workers point towards their ability to actively respond to macroeconomic changes. Agency demonstrated by sex workers characterizes how they adjusted through the context of crisis and hyperinflation in Zimbabwe. The findings point to an increased inflow of income for sex workers which have translated to an improved livelihood despite poor working conditions which are reinforced by criminalization and penalization of sex work in Zimbabwe. The paper thus argues that sex work is an occupational sector with participants who make rational choices in joining sex work.
Examining a Cumulative Risk Index for Language Delay in Infants at High- and Low-Risk for Autism

The purpose of this study was to analyze secondary data collected from a sample of 173 mother-infant dyads comprised of infants at highand low-risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at 12 and 36 months of age. More specifically, the study assessed the predictive capacity of a cumulative risk index (CRI) of several maternal and child factors; risk is defined by eight factors: 1) infant sex, 2) receptive language, 3) expressive language, 4) autism symptomology, 4) social-communication, 5) gesture, 6) maternal depressive symptoms, and 7) maternal concerns for ASD, and their singular and cumulative predictive impact—moderated by group assignment—on later child language scores on the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (Mullen, 1995). Thirty-six children received a diagnosis of ASD, 31 of whom were at high-risk at 12 months. Risk at 12 months was predictive of receptive and expressive language at 36 months and resulted in increased likelihood of an ASD diagnosis at 36 months. The CRI, 12-month receptive language, and maternal concerns were significant, unique predictors of expressive language at 36 months. As well, the CRI, 12-month receptive language, and gesture were significant, unique predictors for likelihood of ASD diagnosis at 36 months. Children at high-risk for ASD displayed increased cumulative risk in early developmental domains compared to children at low-risk that may index prospective language outcomes. The implications of these findings and the burgeoning research in high-risk for ASD are discussed. INDEX WORDS: Language development, Cumulative risk, High-risk, Infant siblings, Autism spectrum disorder, Parenting EXAMINING A CUMULATIVE RISK INDEX FOR LANGUAGE DELAY IN INFANTS AT HIGHAND LOW-RISK FOR AUTISM
The Effects of Self-Esteem and Influence of Friends via Social Media on Body Image Amongst Children

Introduction: With the rise and fall of many communication platforms embedded into our everyday lives and the on-going maturity of the digitalization era, social media usage has tremendously increased over the past decade. The purpose of this research is to identify to what extent self-esteem and the influence of friends’ impact children's perception of their body image through social media and how powerful social media in influencing the body image of children.Methodology: The theoretical implication of this study is to expand the usage of Signalling theory, Sociocultural theory and Social Comparison theory towards better explaining children’s behaviours and the factors that impact children view of their body image. 282 children were recruited using the snowball sampling technique and data collected were analysed using Smart-PLS to see the impacts and relationship between all variables.Results: This study found that the self-esteem and friends do impacts body comparison on social media. However, the self-esteem is negatively correlated. The study also identified that there is a significance direct relationship between the direct impacts of self-esteem and friends towards the body image. On the other hand, the social media is found to have no direct impact on body image.Conclusion/- and Recommendations: This study provides a better insight for the government on the importance of regulation of advertisements particularly via social media and for the society at large to create a more socially supportive environment for adolescents to communicate and help them grow their mind-set on the acceptable and realistic standards of beauty as well as contributes to the existing knowledge on the role of social media and adds knowledge to how powerful social media in giving impacts to body image among adolescences.
Mental health and mediumship: an interpretative phenomenological analysis

ABSTRACT There is a lack of research examining the mental health of practicing mediums, yet the nature of mediumship work inherently presents a number of challenges to the mental health of practitioners. In this study, we aimed to gain an understanding of how mediums experience their mental health in relation to their mediumistic practice and how they recognise and respond to psychological difficulties experienced by their clients. Fourteen mediums from the North West of England took part in one-to-one interviews, which were transcribed and subject to interpretative phenomenological analysis. Four themes were identified: from past traumas to mediumistic identity; spirit makes sense, mental illness is chaos; being resilient but vulnerable; and ethical mediumistic practice. The research highlights the value of not dismissing or attempting to change appraisals of valued aspects of mediums’ anomalous experiences. However, the findings do indicate that support for exposure to clients’ difficulties might be helpful.
Using information technology techniques to investigate and develop computing teaching in higher education system (HE) in Libya

This study investigated the development of the use of technology and pedagogy in computing education in the Libyan Higher Education System (LHES). A number of objectives guided this research: first, it explored teacher perceptions and understanding of using technology and pedagogy in the teaching process. Secondly, a new technological-pedagogical framework (Five-arrows framework) was developed. Further, the study investigated the effect of using different forms of information (visual - active information) in constructing the learning style instruments on the accuracy of measuring preferred learning styles. This study also developed the first Arabic Learning Style Instrument (ALSI). The instrument was used to develop an adaptive education system, which was used as an assisting system to support teachers in considering learner differences among students. The system was tested on three different courses. In this research, 319 students, teachers and experts were involved, and mixed methods approach (quantitative and qualitative) was used. Learning style instruments, questionnaires, open-ended questions, documentary review and semi-structured interview methods were used to collect research data. Statistical data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Pearson's Correlation, Chi-square and Paired T-Test were conducted to explore the association, dependency and difference of variables. In addition, Cronbach's Alpha, Content Validity Index (CVI), Classical Item Analysis (CIA) Test-Retest Reliability and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were used to test the reliability and validity of instruments. The statistical analysis revealed that the ALSI seems to be a suitable psychometric instrument to detect the learning style of Arab learners and cultures. The findings also revealed that the instrument content type has a significant effect on the accuracy of measuring preferred learning styles. No significant differences were found between males and females in terms of preferred learning styles. There was a significant positive correlation between the visual style and years of computer use. The results also showed that the dominant learning style of computer students in Libya is active/visual. The results also show that the performance of students who learnt using the adaptive system is significantly better than the achievement of other students who learnt the same educational content but without using the system. Thus, the study includes developing a new pedagogical framework (the Five-arrows framework), a learning style model and the first valid and reliable ALSI. The study recommends conducting professional training sessions about use of technology and pedagogy in a teaching process in order to improve teacher understanding and attitudes towards using technology. There is also a need to consider the individual differences among the students and improve student awareness about their preferred learning style.
The Academic Experiences of Native Spanish Speakers in the Traditional Spanish Classroom.

This study examines the academic experiences of heritage Spanish-speakers who were placed in a traditional Spanish class for non-Spanish speakers at the secondary level. Each of the participants in the study demonstrated advanced-levels of oral proficiency in Spanish yet each was placed in a beginning-level Spanish class. An ethnographic case study method was used to explore the effect of this inappropriate placement on the students’ linguistic abilities and academic identities. This study addresses an all-toocommon practice that fails to advance heritage language students’ knowledge of their native language. The needs of these students differ from those of non-native speakers, and the type of class that they take should reflect this.
Moderating Effects of Religiosity on the Relationship Between Trauma and Suicidal Behaviors Among College Students in Northwest China

Studies have shown that traumatic experiences are positively associated with risk of suicidal behaviors, whereas religiosity has been found to be negatively associated with that risk. How exactly religiosity interacts with traumatic experiences in its relationship to suicidal behaviors remains unclear. The current study examined the moderating effects of religiosity on the relationship between traumatic experiences and suicidal behaviors in 5,301 college students in northwestern China. Results indicated a strong positive association between traumatic experiences and suicidal behaviors (β = .46, p < .01), and a weak inverse association between religiosity and suicidal behaviors (β = –.06, p < .01). However, a significant interaction emerged between religiosity and traumatic experiences in their effect on suicidal behaviors (β = –.23, p < .01). These findings suggest that religiosity may play a role in reducing the risk of traumatic experiences-induced suicidal behaviors among college students in a largely secular society.
Tabloids in the Era of Social Media?

With the growing shift towards news consumption primarily through social media sites like Twitter, most of the traditional as well as new-age media houses are promoting their news stories by tweeting about them. The competition for user attention in such mediums has led many media houses to use catchy sensational form of tweets to attract more users - a process known as clickbaiting. In this work, using an extensive dataset collected from Twitter, we analyze the social sharing patterns of clickbait and non-clickbait tweets to determine the organic reach of such tweets. We also attempt to study the sections of Twitter users who actively engage themselves in following clickbait and non-clickbait tweets. Comparing the advent of clickbaits with the rise of tabloidization of news, we bring out several important insights regarding the news consumers as well as the media organizations promoting news stories on Twitter.
LONELINESS AS PREDICTOR OF DEPRESSION AMONG UNEMPLOYED

Researches have shown that the unemployed have significantly higher ‘psychological distress. Loneliness has been associated with many negative mental health outcomes such as depression, suicidality, reduced positive emotions, poor sleep quality and general health, as well as physiological changes. Lonely people have indicated that they are less happy, less satisfied, more pessimistic, and suffer from more depressive symptoms. The aim of present study was to examine loneliness as predictor of depression among unemployed. The scale of loneliness and Beck Depression Inventory II were administered on 68 unemployed participants age ranging from 20-35 years in Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh. Multiple Regression analysis was done for the analysis of data. Results revealed that loneliness significantly predict depression among unemployed.
The Association Between Father’s Power, Performance, and Mental Stress of First Wife in Monogamous and Polygamous Families: A Comparative Study in Iran

Background: Polygamy is a social reality that results from different sociocultural factors and can alter familial functional harmony and relations, leaving changes in the familial system. Objectives: The purpose of the present research was to compare polygamous and monogamous families in variables of the senior wife’s stress, father’s power and performance. It also determined the extent of relationships between father’s power, performance, and wife’s stress. Methods: The current research was a survey study. The statistical population of the study composed of 400 married females above the age of 16, including 150 senior woman from polygamous families and 250 from monogamous families in Zahedan, Iran in 2018. Participants were assessed using the Cohen, Kamarck, and Mermelstein’s perceived stress scale (PSS) and Mahdavi, Sabouri power scale (PS). Father’s performance scale used by combined McMaster’s functioning scale and Olson’s marital satisfaction scale. Results: Results of mean stress of senior women in polygamous marriages showed significantly more stress mean than their counterparts in monogamous marriages (P < 0.001). In addition, women from polygamous families had more problems than women belong to monogamous families (P < 0.001). The data, as shown, confirm that fathers in polygamous families are more powerful than fathers in monogamous families (P < 0:001). There was a correlation between father’s power and wife’s stress (0.56) and also father’s performance and wife’s stress (-0.67) with 99% confidence level. Conclusions: This study shows that polygamous families confront more problems than monogamous families. The article calls on public policy and social service personnel to increase public awareness of the significance of proper understanding of marital roles and interactions for families well being.