Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nimodipine rescues N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced retinal degeneration in rats

Background: That nimodipine (NMD) is potentially useful for ophthalmic treatment. However, the effect of NMD is unknown on retinal degenerative diseases. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of NMD on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced retinal degeneration (RD) and elucidate its possible mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Morphological observation of NMD on MNU-induced RD was evaluated by light microscopy and electron microscopy. Nonenzymatic antioxidant glutathione (GSH) was measured by a colorimetric method. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Telomerase was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: The significantly protective effect of NMD on MNU-induced RD was demonstrated morphologically. NMD increased the content of GSH and decreased the level of TGF-β in rat retina. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that NMD treatment significantly decreased mRNA level of telomerase. Conclusion: These data suggest that NMD inhibit MNU-induced RD in rats. The expressions of TGF-β, telomerase and GSH contents might partially contribute to its protective effects on MNU-induced RD.
Investigating the Relationship Between Corporate Entrepreneurship and Customer Loyalty with Customer Satisfaction Mediating Role

The study aims to identify the nature of the relationship between the dimensions of corporate entrepreneurship and loyalty of customers. It intends to do that through the mediating role of customer satisfaction, by identifying the extent to which these dimensions apply according to the study the study, as well as the knowledge of the relationship quality. In order to meet the objectives of the study, a regular sample of 384 individuals was selected. These individuals were clients of the selected commercial banks, selected by customers who frequented the banks within a specified period of time. The study also found that there was a statistically significant correlation between corporate entrepreneurship and customer loyalty, which means that the greater the application of corporate entrepreneurship, the higher the effect of internal and external factors. The study suggests a set of recommendations to encourage banks in the study to apply CE to enhance customer loyalty.
Ki-67 expression score correlates to survival rate in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).

PURPOSE To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of p16, Ki-67, p53 and Bcl-2 proteins in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST); to assess the possible association between these variables and clinical and histopathological factors of cancer; and to check for prognostic value of these variables (survival and recurrence). METHODS A sample of 55 patients treated surgically for GIST in three hospitals was studied. The surgically excised tumors were confirmed as GIST by KIT, vimentin, desmin S100 protein, CD117, 1A4 and CD34 assessment in paraffin blocks. RESULTS Only 9 (16%) cases of GIST were positive for p53, p16 was positive among 43.6%; 80% of GISTs showed staining for Bcl-2. The proliferative index (expressed as the proportion of positive cells) assessed by immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 was high in 49% of cases. Elevated Ki-67 scores were associated to high histological grade (p=0.0026) and mitosis index, MI (p=0.0001). High Ki-67 index was associated to death. Expression of p53, p16 and Bcl-2 did not correlate to morphological or clinical variables. CONCLUSIONS Ki-67 immunohistochemical evaluation should be included in preoperative evaluation of GIST biopsies or surgical specimens as a prognostic tool for clinical staging; and all other proteins studied (Bcl-2, p53 and p16) did not play a role in GIST metabolic or carcinogenic process, remaining without prognostic value.
A Filtered OFDM Using FIR Filter Based on Window Function Method

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is designed to combat the effect of multipath reception, by dividing the wide band frequency selective fading channel into many narrow flat sub- channels, which improves the spectral efficiency and significantly mitigates the intersymbol interference (ISI). However, OFDM can not meet the demand for 5G heterogeneous service scenarios since it has a high out-of-band emission and a large peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), and it only supports one kind of waveform parameter in the whole bandwidth. The Filtered-OFDM (F-OFDM) is proposed as a candidate technique for 5G high-data rate wireless communication system. This paper proposes a finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter based on window function method to achieve the F-OFDM, and discusses the performance of different window functions implemented in the F-OFDM. Simulation results show that the proposed F-OFDM is easy to be implemented and has a very low out-of-band emission with the same bit error rate (BER) performance compared to the conventional OFDM.
Effects of Acute Fenitrothion Insecticide Exposure on DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Health of Nile Tilapia Fingerlings, Oreochromis niloticus L

12 Abstract: A wide range of production and application of pesticides is continues to rise and accompanied with serious problems of health hazards. The objective of the present study isto assess the injurious effect of one of organophosphate insecticides fenitrothion (FNT) on Nile tilapia, Oreochromisniloticus L. fingerlings via determination of its 96 h median lethal concentration (LC ), behavior changes, DNA damaging potential using 50 SCGE assay in gills, pro-oxidant activity via detecting serum reduced glutathione content (GSH), superoxide dismutase enzyme activity (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Biochemical estimation of serum ALT, cortisol, creatinine, urea and level of IgM.Histological alterations occurred in liver, kidneys and gills following acute low and high sublethal FNT exposure. In this study 240 O. niloticusL. fingerlings were used. Mortality was investigated in FNT exposed fishes during 96 h to concentrations ranging from zero to 7mg/ L. The estimated 96 h LC was 4.7 mg/L. Significant increase in tail length, tail DNA % and TM in FNT-exposed 50 groups. Significant reduction in serum GSH, increase in SOD, MDA, ALT, cortisol, creatinine and urea levels in groups of FNT-exposed fish. In the other hand there was a significant decrease in total serum IgM. FNT showed variable histopathological alterations in liver, kidney and gills depending on the dose level of FNT exposure. Considering these results, it can be concluded that oxidative stress evoked by FNT could be responded of its genotoxicity which was proven by determined clastogenic effect resulting from over production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or depletion of endogenous antioxidants.
Implikasi Karakteristik Perusahaan dan Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Pengungkapan Sustainability Report

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas, leverage, aktivitas perusahaan, ukuran perusahaan, jumlah rapat komite audit, jumlah anggota dewan komisaris, dan governance committee terhadap pengungkapan sustainability report pada perusahaan LQ45 yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2014-2016. Jumlah perusahaan yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 29 perusahaan. Penelitian ini bedasarkan metode purposive sampling. Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi logistic dengan menggunakan program SPSS 22.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jumlah rapat komite audit dan governance committee berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengungkapan sustainability report. Sedangkan profitabilitas, likuiditas, leverage, aktivitas perusahaan, ukuran perusahaan dan dewan komisaris tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengungkapan sustainability report.
Five- and Six-Membered Nitrogen-Containing Compounds as Selective Carbonic Anhydrase Activators

It has been proven that specific isoforms of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) are able to fine-tune physiological pathways connected to signal processing, and that decreased CAs expression negatively influences cognition, leading to mental retardation, Alzheimer’s disease, and aging-related cognitive dysfunctions. For this reason, a small library of natural and synthetic nitrogen containing cyclic derivatives was assayed as activators of four human isoforms of carbonic anhydrase (hCA I, II, IV and VII). Most of the compounds activated hCA I, IV and VII in the micromolar range, with KAs ranging between 3.46 and 80.5 μM, whereas they were not active towards hCA II (KAs > 100 μM). Two natural compounds, namely l-(+)-ergothioneine (1) and melatonin (2), displayed KAs towards hCA VII in the nanomolar range after evaluation by a CO2 hydration method in vitro, showing a rather efficient and selective activation profile with respect to histamine, used as a reference compound. Corroborated with the above in vitro findings, a molecular modelling in silico approach has been performed to correlate these biological data, and to elucidate the binding interaction of these activators within the enzyme active site.
Cloning and Functional Characterization of a New Multispecific Organic Anion Transporter , OAT-K 2 , in Rat Kidney

We have isolated a cDNA coding a new organic anion transporter, OAT-K2, expressed specifically in rat kidney. The OAT-K2 cDNA had an open reading frame encoding a 498amino acid protein (calculated molecular mass of 55 kDa) that shows 91% identity with the rat kidney-specific organic anion transporter, OAT-K1. Reverse transcription-coupled polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that the OAT-K2 mRNA was expressed predominantly in the proximal convoluted tubules, proximal straight tubules, and cortical collecting ducts. When expressed in Xenopus oocytes, OAT-K2 stimulated the uptake of hydrophobic organic anions, such as taurocholate, methotrexate, folate, and prostaglandin E2, although its homolog OAT-K1 transported methotrexate and folate, but not taurocholate and prostaglandin E2. In MDCK cells stably transfected with the OAT-K1 and OAT-K2 cDNAs, each transporter was localized functionally to the apical membranes and showed transport activity similar to that in the oocyte. Moreover, the efflux of preloaded taurocholate was also enhanced across the apical membrane in OAT-K2 transfectant. The taurocholate transport by OAT-K2-expressing cells showed saturability (Km 5 10.3 mM). Several organic anions, bile acids, cardiac glycosides, and steroids had potent inhibitory effects on the OAT-K2-mediated taurocholate transport in the transfectant. These findings suggest that the OAT-K2 participates in epithelial transport of hydrophobic anionic compounds in the kidney. A diverse array of organic anions including endogenous substances, xenobiotics, and their metabolites are disposed from the body. The kidney is critical in the elimination of anionic drugs. The net drug excretion into urine is defined basically by three processes: glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, and reabsorption. The proximal tubular cells play a principal role in limiting or preventing toxicity by actively secreting anions from the circulation into the urine (Pritchard and Miller, 1993; Ullrich, 1997; Inui and Okuda, 1998). The organic anion secretion system is a complicated transport process recognizing a wide variety of substrates at the brush-border and basolateral membranes of the proximal tubule (Ullrich, 1997). Recently, a renal basolateral-type organic anion/dicarboxylate exchanger, OAT-1/ROAT1, has been cloned and characterized (Sekine et al., 1997; Sweet et al., 1997; Wolff et al., 1997). OAT-1/ROAT1 is suggested to mediate the basolateral entry of various organic anions into the proximal tubular epithelial cells. In contrast, the brushborder-type transport system, which mediates the secretion of various types of organic anions from cell to lumen, was not
The prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis among 12-year-old schoolchildren in Jordan.

OBJECTIVES To assess dental fluorosis, provide base-line data among Jordanian children and to compare fluorosis in incisor teeth between areas with different fluoride levels. DESIGN Cross-sectional study among school children. SAMPLE AND METHODS A sample of 1878 subjects aged 12 years, 940 boys and 938 girls, were randomly selected from 128 schools in urban (69 schools) and rural (59 schools) areas. The Thylstrup & Fejerskov (TF) index was used to record the dental fluorosis on the labial surfaces of incisors. RESULTS A total of 18.5% of the children examined showed dental fluorosis. The difference in fluorosis between males (17%) and females (20%) was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Children in rural areas had a higher prevalence of fluorosis (31.8%) than their counterparts in urban areas (11.3%), a difference that was statistically significant (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Findings suggest that there is a need for continued monitoring of mottling and further investigation into the fluoride intake from all sources in Jordan. However, there is a need to change the drinking water supplies in the southern region of Jordan. Active steps should also be taken to suppress emissions of vapours high in fluoride from phosphate plants to within acceptable limits.
Y‐Position Collagen II Mutation Disrupts Cartilage Formation and Skeletal Development in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia

Mice were generated by pronuclear injection of a type II collagen transgene harboring an Arg789Cys (R789C) mutation that has been found in patients with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED). Expression was directed to cartilage by the murine Col2a1 promoter to examine the consequences of mutations involving the Y‐position of the collagen helix Gly‐X‐Y triplet on skeletogenesis. The transgenic mice had very short limbs, short trunk, short snout, and cleft palate; they died at birth. Their growth plates were disorganized and collagen fibrils were sparse in cartilage matrix. When the transgene was expressed in RCS cells, there was no evidence that R789C‐bearing collagen chains were incorporated into stable collagen molecules. Molecular modeling of the mutation raised the possibility that it destabilizes the collagen triple helix. Together our results suggest that Y‐position mutations, such as R789C, can act in a dominant negative manner to destabilize collagen molecules during assembly, reducing their availability to form fibrils, the deficiency of which profoundly disturbs the template functions of cartilage during skeletogenesis.
Heterotopic Ossification After Knee Dislocation: The Predictive Value of the Injury Severity Score

Objective To determine the relationship of multiple variables, including the Injury Severity Score (ISS), closed head injury (CHI), and timing and type of surgery to formation of motion-limiting heterotopic ossification (HO) following knee dislocation. Design Longitudinal observational study. Setting University level 1 trauma center. Patients/Participants Thirty-five consecutive patients with 36 knee dislocations (OTA fracture and dislocation classification 40-D) admitted over a 26-month period. Main Outcome Measurements Admission ISS, Glascow Coma scale (GCS) scores, CHI, timing (> or < 3 weeks from injury) and type (open or arthroscopic) of surgery, number of cruciate ligaments reconstructed, medial surgical procedure, and eventual presence or absence of motion-limiting HO. Results A classification system for HO was developed ranging from none (type 0) to ankylosing (type IV) HO. Twenty-nine patients with type 0–III HO recovered an average range of motion of 126° at an average of 14 months (group A). Six patients formed ankylosing type IV HO (group B). The ISS in group A ranged from 9 to 26. ISS in group B ranged from 26 to 50 (P < 0.001). Regarding the formation of type IV HO, the sensitivity of an ISS ≥26 was 100%, the specificity was 97%, and the positive predictive value was 86%. Patients in group B had a greater incidence of documented CHI (P < 0.025). Timing and type of surgery, number of ligaments reconstructed, and whether or not the patient had a medial surgical procedure had no statistical influence on degree of HO formation. Conclusions An ISS of 26 seems to be a discrete boundary above which patients with knee dislocation are at extremely high risk for type IV HO formation if undergoing surgical reconstruction and below which patients are likely spared this complication. The presence of a CHI is a significant factor in type IV HO formation, although harder to quantify. None of the remaining independent variables studied were significantly related to ankylosing type IV HO formation.
Energy Consumption of the Russian Road Transportation Sector: Prospects for Inter-Fuel Competition in Terms of Technological Innovation

The development of production and consumption technologies for the road transport has led to large scale introduction of alternative energy in this sector. These alternatives to the conventional petroleum fuels include biofuels, electricity, natural gas and synthetic fuels produced from coal and natural gas. However, it is very important to point out, that inter-fuel competition is determined not only by the development of technologies, but also by such parameters as availability, fuel cost, consumer preferences and government legislations, all of which vary greatly across the globe. In other words, the very same technologies can be capable of radically altering the fuel mix in some countries while having little to none impact in the others. The topic of the inter-fuel competition development in the transportation sector holds much importance for Russia, as the country’s fuels mix is almost totally dominated by the petroleum products. The diversification of energy sources for transport may positively influence energy security and domestic fuels market stability; reduce the strain on ecology, especially in major cities; all the while increasing Russian oil and petroleum products export potential.The article presents results of the research for prospects of the developments in Russian transport sector fuel mix. The research was carried out using the tools of economic and mathematical modeling under various scenario assumptions. The analysis has shown that natural gas and, to a lesser extent, electricity hold the best prospects as petroleum products substitutes in the long-term. Their cumulative share in the total energy consumption of the road transport sector has the potential of reaching as high as 26% by 2040. Yet, the extent of substitution largely depends on the government actions for infrastructure development and tax incentives for alternative vehicle owners.
Evaluating the Satisfaction of Immigrant Women from a Rural Community Regarding Family Functioning and Health-Related Quality of Life

Transnational marriages in Taiwan are largely mediated by marriage brokers. The present study was conducted to evaluate the satisfaction of immigrant women with their family function and health-related quality of life in a rural township in southern Taiwan. Data were collected from January 1, 2006 to November 31, 2006, and 157 immigrants agreed to participate in the study, with a 79.3% response rate. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The interviewers also collected information on the immigrants' and husbands' demographics, self-reported mental conditions, family function using a Family APGAR questionnaire (Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve), and health-related quality of life. Marriage arranged through a marriage broker and having emotional distress were factors that were strongly associated with lower Family APGAR scores. Based on multiple regression models, higher Family APGAR scores were more positively related to vitality and mental health scales. Self-reported mental conditions, including feeling economic distress, emotional distress, loneliness, and having sleep problems, were negatively associated with most scales of the health-related quality of life. Female migrants' mental health was significantly related to their health-related quality of life. These findings suggest that migrant women must be educated regarding the importance of mental health by physicians and hygiene authorities in Taiwan.
Refugee Admissions and Public Safety: Are Refugee Settlement Areas More Prone to Crime?

According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, the number of refugees worldwide rose to 25.9 million in 2018. Despite the increased need for refugee resettlements, resistance to the welcoming of refugees appears to have grown. The perception that refugees may engage in criminal behavior has served as fuel for closing the door to refugees in the United States and Europe. Is there any basis for this fear? We exploit variation in the geographic and temporal distribution of refugee resettlements across counties to ascertain if their presence can be linked to greater local violence in the case of the United States. We fail to find any statistically significant evidence of refugee resettlements raising local arrest or offense rates. Institutions that help refugees assimilate into the US labor market may contribute to these favorable outcomes. Overall, these findings widen our understanding of refugee resettlement in the United States and suggest that the adoption of humanitarian efforts to support these international flows need not be discouraged.
Mutant p53 oncogene expression in keratoacanthotna and squamous cell carcinoma

SIR. We were interested to read the paper by Stephenson ft al.' from Sheffield, stating that it is not possible to distinguish between keratoacanthoma (KA) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on the basis of mutant p5 3 oncogene expression. This gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 1 7. A gradual increase was noted in the proportion of p5i-positive iesions from KA through increasing histopathological grades of SCC. The authors were not surprised that there was no clear-cut distinction between the two diseases, as the conditions have more pathological similarities than differences. None the less, they agree that the linding of p5 J gene mutations in some cases of spontaneously regressing KA requires an explanation, in view of the proposed relatively late occurrence of p5 3 mutations in the multistep pathway to malignancy. Some years ago we suggested that KA and SCC are the same disease, in a different host. ' This proposal was based on clinical evidence of unusually aggressive behaviour of KAs, with a proclivity for recurrence, in three renal transplant recipients on immunosuppressive drugs, and two patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease on cytotoxic drugs. The finding of p5 3 gene mutations in some cases of KA is consistent with this view. It suggests that the occurrence of spontaneous regression Is not necessarily an intrinsic molecular property ofthe disease, but may be due to some external factor. Stephenson et al. used monoclonal antibody immunohistochemistry to screen for p53 mutations. We have used a complementary technique, namely loss of heterozygosity (LOH). to look for inactivation of tumour suppression on chromosome 1 7 in several tumour types including KA. To date, we have insufficient cases of KA to contirm the Sheffield findings. However, in a parallel study of ovarian cancer, progressive LOH was found on both arms of chromosome 1 7, ranging from benign tumours to borderline disease, through advancing stages and grades of malignancy. ' A similar study of bladder cancer in Japan also found a close relationship between p5 3 mutations and advancing histopathological grade. '* These, and other recent observations, confirm that inactivation of the p5i tumour suppressor gene may sometimes occur in early disease, but is more commonly found in high-grade anaplastic lesions. The molecular evidence presented by Stephenson et al. is thus consistent with the view that KA is a low-grade, potentially malignant or borderline condition, and that progression to frank invasive neoplasia depends on external factors, possibly related to inadequate host response.