Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF CUE MEDIA ON

External cognition concerns knowledge that is embedded in our everyday lives and environment. One type of knowledge is memories, recollections of events that occurred in the past. So how do we remember them? One way this can be done is through cuing and reconstructing. These cues can be internal, in our minds, or in our everyday environment. In this paper we look at memory cues in our environment by comparing the effect of cue modality (odor, physical artifact, photo, sound, and video) on the number of memory details people had from a unique one-day real-life event. Contrary to expectation, the no-cue condition (in effect, only a question asking the participants to write down their memories) created on average significantly more memory-details than the cued conditions.
Aalborg Universitet Experiments on Evaporative Emissions in Ventilated Rooms

In many new buildings the indoor air quality is affected by emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from building materials. The emission process may be controlled either by diffusion inside the material or evaporation from the surface but it always involves mass transfer across the boundary layer at the surface-air-interface. Experiments at different velocity levels were performed in a full-scale ventilated chamber to investigate the influence of local airflow on the evaporative emission from a surface. The experiments included velocity measurements in the flow over the surface and measurements of chamber air concentrations. The results show that the emission, expressed in terms of the mass transfer coefficient, increases with velocity for fixed temperature, relative humidity and air exchange rate. This emphasises the importance of testing materials at the conect velocity and turbulence level in order to obtain the actual emission rate for a given product.
Hyperemia Analysis Software for Assessment of Conjunctival Hyperemia Severity

ABSTRACT Purpose: We developed a hyperemia analysis software, which can quantitatively assess the degree of conjunctival hyperemia, and evaluated the reproducibility and reliability of its percent coverage. In addition, we compared the clinical grading and the percent coverage to examine the applicability of the software analysis. Methods: We took images of the temporal conjunctiva with slit lamp microscopes. We used our hyperemia analysis software to detect blood vessels in the region of interest using its image processing capabilities and obtained a ratio of the area occupied by blood vessels to the rest of the area. In addition, we used the clinical evaluation criteria of the Japanese guidelines for allergic conjunctival diseases 2017 to clinically grade the hyperemia in each eye. Nine evaluators examined the images and graded the severity of hyperemia into four stages. We looked for a statistical correlation between the results of the hyperemia analysis software and the clinical grading. Results: The percent coverage of the blood vessels in the region of interest calculated by the hyperemia analysis software correlated with the arithmetic average of our clinical grading (r = 0.953; 95% CI, 0.8470340–0.9862136). Conclusion: The percent coverage from our hyperemia analysis software reflects the clinical grading score, suggesting that our software can be used to obtain a detailed analysis of conjunctival hyperemia.
Trade Openness, Foreign Direct Investment and Child Labor

The skeptics of globalization argue that increased trade openness and foreign direct investment induce developing countries to keep labor costs low, for example by letting children work. This article argues that there are good theoretical reasons why globalization might actually have the opposite effect. We test this with various measures of child labor and provide the first analysis of foreign investment in addition to trade. We present evidence that countries that are more open towards trade and/or have a higher stock of foreign direct investment also have a lower incidence of child labor. This holds for the labor force participation rate of 10 to 14 year old children, the secondary school non-attendance rate and a count measure of economic sectors with child labor incidence as the dependent variables. Globalization is associated with less, not more, child labor.
Effects of delayed recanalization on left ventricular function in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction

To investigate the effects of delayed recanalization through percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on the left ventricular function after acute anterior wall myocardial infarction in diabetes (DM) and non-DM patients, a total of 125 consecutive subjects with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction were recruited and divided into DM group (n=43) and non-DM group (n=82) based on the presence of DM. All patients received successful PCI at about 2 weeks after symptom onset. Ischemic viable myocardium was detected with low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiogram test, and left ventricular function and wall motion were also assessed before PCI. Clinical manifestations and angiograms before and after PCI were analyzed. Levels of creatinine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and troponin T (TnT) before PCI, 6 and 24 h after PCI were determined. All patients received clinical and echocardiographic follow-up 6 months after PCI. Higher rate of TIMI flow grade 2 and lower rate of TIMI flow grade 3 were observed immediately after PCI, and the elevation of serum CK-MB and/or TnT levels were higher in DM group when compared with non-DM group (P 0.05). There were no significant differences in the LVEF, LVEDVI, LVESVI or wall motion score (WMS) between two groups before PCI (P>0.05). But, 6 months after PCI, WMS and LVEF were decreased and increased, respectively, in non-DM group, and the WMS and LVEF in DM group were not changed and the LVEDVI increased, when compared with before PCI. The LVEDVI, LVESVI, LVEF, and WMS differed significantly between two groups 6 months after PCI. Compared with non-diabetics, delayed revascularization with PCI in diabetics with acute myocardial infarction has less benefit on the improvement of left ventricular function, and it may be the insufficient reperfusion or reperfusion injury to myocardium but not the viable myocardium contribute to the poor result. Key words: Diabetes, myocardial infarction, left ventricular function, percutaneous coronary intervention, delayed recanalization.
New CZM for Interfacial Crack Growth

The cohesive zone model (CZM) has been widely used for numerical simulations of interface crack growth. However, geometrical and material discontinuities decrease the accuracy and efficiency of the CZM when based on the conventional finite element method (CFEM). In order to promote the development of numerical simulation of interfacial crack growth, a new CZM, based on the wavelet finite element method (WFEM), is presented. Some fundamental issues regarding CZM of interface crack growth of double cantilever beam (DCB) testing were studied. The simulation results were compared with the experimental and simulation results of CFEM. It was found that the new CZM had higher accuracy and efficiency in the simulation of interface crack growth. At last, the impact of crack initiation length and elastic constants of material on interface crack growth was studied based on the new CZM. These results provided a basis for reasonable structure design of composite material in engineering.
Schottky diodes based on a single GaN nanowire

On a single GaN nanowire, obtained by chemical vapour deposition, several Schottky-junction diodes were fabricated and their electrical transport properties were studied. Alternately attached metal electrodes of Al and Ti/Au formed a Schottky barrier junction (for Al) or an ohmic contact (for Ti/Au), resulting in several diodes on a single nanowire. The current–voltage measurements exhibited clear rectifying behaviour and no reverse-bias breakdown was observed up to the measured voltage, −5 V. The forward-bias threshold voltage was observed to decrease linearly with temperature, from 0.4 V at 280 K to 1 V at 10 K.
Phenological variation in leaf chemistry of Nothofagus macrocarpa in relation to Ormiscodes sp. growth and survival

La fenologia de la planta hospedera puede afectar a insectos defoliadores a traves de cambios en rasgos fisico-quimicos de las hojas. Roble de Santiago (Nothofagus macrocarpa) forma bosques relictos al extremo norte de la distribucion del genero en America, constituyendose en un ecosistema unico. Ciclos poblacionales eruptivos de especies del genero Ormiscodes (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) tienen el potencial de defoliar vastas areas de Nothofagus spp. , pero los mecanismos reguladores de su dinamica poblacional han sido poco estudiados. Se estudio una especie univoltina del genero Ormiscodes que consume follaje de N. macrocarpa desde mediados de octubre a noviembre. Se evaluo la sobrevivencia y crecimiento larval al momento de su emergencia natural y al retrasarla 21, 30, y 79 dias. Se cuantifico la concentracion foliar de nitrogeno total y fenoles totales. Como resultado, se determino que la sobrevivencia y crecimiento larval decrecieron a medida que su emergencia se retraso. El crecimiento larval fue mas sensible a cambios en la calidad del follaje en comparacion con su sobrevivencia. La disminucion del crecimiento y sobrevivencia de los insectos se correlaciono significativamente con la concentracion de nitrogeno foliar, pero no con la concentracion de fenoles totales. Estos resultados indican que el momento de emergencia de las larvas, y la concentracion foliar de nitrogeno total son importantes factores que podrian tener un rol en la dinamica poblacional de este insecto
Modelling soil bulk density at the landscape scale and its contributions to C stock uncertainty

Soil bulk density ( D b ) is a major contributor to uncertainties in landscape-scale carbon and nutrient stock estimation. However, it is time consuming to measure and is, therefore, frequently predicted using surrogate variables, such as soil texture. Using this approach is of limited value for estimating landscape-scale inventories, as its accuracy beyond the sampling point at which texture is measured becomes highly uncertain. In this paper, we explore the ability of soil landscape models to predict soil D b using a suite of landscape attributes and derivatives for both topsoil and subsoil. The models were constructed using random forests and artificial neural networks. Using these statistical methods, we have produced a spatially distributed prediction of D b on a 100 m × 100 m grid, which was shown to significantly improve topsoil carbon stock estimation. In comparison to using mean values from point measurements, stratified by soil class, we found that the gridded method predicted D b more accurately, especially for higher and lower values within the range. Within our study area of the Midlands, UK, we found that the gridded prediction of D b produced a stock inventory of over 1 million tonnes of carbon greater than the stratified mean method. Furthermore, the 95% confidence interval associated with total C stock prediction was almost halved by using the gridded method. The gridded approach was particularly useful in improving organic carbon (OC) stock estimation for fine-scale landscape units at which many landscape–atmosphere interaction models operate.
Impact of analyst recommendations on stock returns: Evidence from the German stock market

The purpose of this article is to examine the impact of analysts' recommendation downgrades, upgrades, and reiterations on German stock returns and as to whether prof- itable investment strategies could potentially be designed around these recommendations. The paper provides a unique detailed descriptive analysis of financial analysts' recommendations changes on German stock market over the last decade. First, we show that changes in recommendations yield significant positive (negative) abnormal gross returns for upgrades (downgrades), respectively. Reiterations, on the other hand, do not cause statistically significant stock market reactions. We show, that stock price reactions following recommendation revisions are strongest at the announcement day and last up to six months for upgrades and four month for downgrades. A bulk of market reactions, appears on the recommendation event date and shortly before so that investors must trade in a timely manner to profit from analyst recommendations. A one-day delayed reaction to the change in recommendations do not allow for significant abnormal returns for most of the recommendation shifts.
Relationship between caries experience and mothers'dental care knowledge and attitude among Palestinian refugees in Lebanon

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess oral health care and use of dental services among preschool Palestinian refugee children aged 3 to 6 years old, as well as to evaluate oral health care knowledge of their mothers. Cross-sectional study was carried out through a survey about oral health care of 120 refugee children randomly selected from two nurseries inside a Palestinian camp for refugees in Beirut, Lebanon. Dental examination was performed and mothers were surveyed about their dental care knowledge and attitudes toward their children. The mean Decayed-Missing-Filled index (dmf) index was 6.5 ± 5.25. The main determinants presenting a significant associa- tion with dmf were frequency of sweet consumption, frequency of brushing, brushing starting age, and dental visit experience. Caries severity increased with age and was higher among boys. Adequate strategies should be targeted to cover the unmet den- tal needs of refugee’s society is needed. Resume Le but de cette etude etait d’evaluer la sante buccale et l’utili- sation des services de soins dentaires chez les enfants refugies palestiniens âges de 3 a 6 ans, ainsi que les connaissances a propos de la sante buccodentaire chez leurs meres. Une etude transversale a ete effectuee au moyen d’un sondage sur la sante buccodentaire chez 120 enfants refugies choisis au hasard a partir de deux garderies a l’interieur des camps de refugies palestiniens a Beyrouth, Liban. L’examen dentaire a ete effectue et les meres ont ete interrogees au sujet de leurs connaissances a propos des soins dentaires et des attitudes a l’egard de leurs enfants. La moyenne de l’indice CAO etait de 6.5 ± 5,25. Les principaux determinants qui ont presente une association significative avec le CAO etaient: la frequence de la consommation des aliments sucres, la frequence du brossage, l’âge du debut de brossage, l’experience des visites dentaires. La gravite de la carie aug- mente avec l’âge; elle a ete plus elevee chez les garcons. Une strategie adequate necessaire devrait etre ciblee pour cou- vrir les besoins non satisfaits des soins dentaires des refugies dans la societe.
Simultaneous rheo-electric measurements of strongly conductive complex fluids

We introduce a novel apparatus designed for stress-controlled rheometers to perform simultaneous rheological and electrical measurements on strongly conductive complex fluids under shear. By means of a non-toxic liquid metal at room temperature, the electrical connection to the rotating shaft is completed with minimal additional mechanical friction, allowing for simultaneous stress measurements as low as 1 Pa. We use the capabilities of this design to perform an extensive set of rheo-electric experiments on gels formulated from attractive carbon black particles, at concentrations ranging from 4 to 15% wt. First, experiments on gels at rest prepared with different shear history show a robust power-law scaling between the elastic modulus $G'_0$ and the conductivity $\sigma_0$ of the gels, i.e. $G'_0 \sim \sigma_0^\alpha$, with $\alpha =1.65 \pm 0.04$ independently of the gel concentration. Second, conductivity measurements performed simultaneously with creep experiments reveal for the first time that plastic events take place in the bulk while the shear rate decreases as a weak power law of time in the early stage of the experiment. The subsequent evolution of the conductivity and shear rate allows us to propose a local yielding scenario that is in agreement with previous velocimetry measurements. Finally, we determine the constitutive rheological and electrical behavior of carbon black gels. Corrections first introduced for mechanical measurements are carefully extended to electrical measurements to accurately distinguish between bulk and surface contributions to the conductivity. As an illustrative example, we examine the constitutive rheo-electric properties of five carbon black gels of different grades, and demonstrate the relevance of the novel rheo-electric apparatus as a versatile characterization tool for strongly conductive complex fluids and their applications.
Maternal Anaemia: A Prevailing Burden In Assam, India

Anaemia in pregnancy, particularly iron deficiency, is a prominent unsolved problem in India. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women attending ante-natal OPD units of Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati, Assam. About 250 pregnant women were screened for anaemia using cyanmethemoglobin method during the first ante-natal visit. The prevalence of anaemia was found to be 50.4 per cent. The findings of the study further revealed that the prevalence was higher among young women, women belonging to low socioeconomic status and women with short pregnancy intervals and higher parity. High prevalence rate of anaemia observed in the present study suggests to strongly implement various improved preventive strategies, especially advocacy, compliance and monitoring of the iron and folic acid supplementation.
Delegated Decision Making and Social Competition in the Finance Industry

Two aspects of social context are central to the finance industry. First, financial professionals usually make investment decisions on behalf of third parties. Second, social competition, in the form of performance rankings, is pervasive. Therefore, we investigate professionals’ risk-taking behavior under social competition when investing for others. We run online and lab-in-the-field experiments with 965 financial professionals and show that professionals increase their risk taking for others when they lag behind. This effect, however, disappears when professionals’ incentives are flat. Additional survey evidence from 1,349 respondents reveals that professionals’ preferences for high rankings are significantly stronger than the general population’s.
The kinetics and energetics of dislocation mediated de-twinning in nano-twinned face-centered cubic metals

Polycrystalline Cu with hierarchy microstructures – ultrafined grains about 500 nm and included twins several to tens of nanometers thick – show maximum strength at an averaged twin thickness of 15 nm. Li et al. Nature 464 (2010) 877–880 (Ref. [1]), reported that the primary plastic deformation transits from inclined dislocation gliding to de-twinning in nano-twinned (nt) Cu when twin thicknesses decrease from eywords: e-twinning winning ano-twinned polycrystalline trength softening 25 nm to 4 nm. Their investigation showed that enhanced de-twinning accounts for the strength softening in nt-Cu. From the kinetic and energetic aspects of de-twining process, we present respectively two models. In the kinetic model, we assume that thermally activated dislocation nucleation is the controlling mechanism for plastic deformation, while the transformation energy associated with de-twinning is considered to be governing in the energetic model. Applications of the models on strain-rate sensitivity and temperature dependence of strengths in nt-Cu suggest that the energetic mechanism also plays an nning important role for de-twi
Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Klebsiella isolates from clinical samples in a Saudi hospital

Klebsiella infection is often the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Resistance pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility to commonly prescribed drugs were studied in Klebsiella isolates from a hospital in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Clinical samples were collected from 6840 patients and screened for Klebsiella species over a period of 14 months. The strains were identified using microbiological and biochemical tests while the antibiotic susceptibility was performed by disk diffusion assay. Of all the positive samples isolated, only 275 samples were identified as Klebsiella species. Of these 66% were from males indicating that females are less vulnerable. Maximum isolates (66 to 70%) were collected from sputum and wound swabs of males. About 90% species were isolated from wound, sputum and catheter tips swabs. Antimicrobial sensitivity was studied using seventeen different antibiotics. Results revealed that antibiotic Imipenem has the highest sensitivity of 99.5% while Ampicillin revealed 100% resistance. The prescription of Imipenem antibiotic is recommended for the treatment of Klebsiella infections. In case of resistance to Imipenem, other antibiotics mainly Ceftazidime, Aztreonam, Ciprofloxacin, Cefoxitin and Piperacilline may be recommended. In acute cases, use of combined antimicrobial therapy may be required. Results also indicate that the intensity of Klebsiella infections is higher during summers (46.5%) than in winters (27.2%), while autumn (13.9%) and spring seasons (12.5%) showed the least recorded percentage. Our study will help in persistent and continuous monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility and supplement the already available data on prevalence of antimicrobial resistance patterns of Klebsiella. Key words: Klebsiella, Enterobacteriaceae, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, antibiotic resistance, multi-drug-resistance.
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON ORGANISATIONAL TRUST RELATIONSHIPS by HARTMUT VON DER OHE submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Commerce in the subject Industrial and Organisational Psychology at the University of South Africa

The aim of this study was to unify a South African model of organisational trust with the globally accepted Integrative model of organisational trust on a theoretical and empirical level. The antecedents of trust in direct supervisors represented by five personality dimensions and four managerial practices were used to extract the facets of trustworthiness of ability, benevolence and integrity to create a unified trust model. Based on literature, a methodology was developed to re-assign the various dimensions on an item level into three new scales representing the antecedents of trust. Data gathered between 1995 and 2013 in South African organisations by means of the Trust Relationship Audit was used and subject matter experts reassigned the items into the three antecedents of trust. Structural equation modelling was employed to replicate the Martins (2000) model and to test the measurement and structural regression models, arriving at a five-factor model. A unified model of trust in supervisors was fitted to the data and validated. This unified model emphasises the importance of the affective component as an antecedent of trust towards supervisors in organisations in an African context. Managerial concern, based on benevolent managerial practices and communication, was found to have the biggest impact on trust. Integrity as a personality trait was the only other component that had a positive impact on trust. Contrary to most studies, ability had a minimal or negative impact on interpersonal trust in direct superiors, but is a prerequisite for high integrity and