Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic Perspective of Ascites Syndrome in Meat-Type Chickens

Pulmonary hypertension syndrome (ascites) is a metabolic disorder in fast-growing broilers. Inconsistency of oxygen requirement and the cardiovascular ability make the birds susceptible to ascites. Incidence of ascites was accompanied by right ventricular hypertrophy, fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity and finally mortality. The objective of the current study was to review the genetic basis of ascites syndrome and investigation of indicator traits of ascites syndrome to use in selection indices for reducing ascites susceptibility in broilers. Developing a breeding objective to increase body weight and to reduce ascites susceptibility in broilers is of ongoing interest, because the ascites syndrome is still a major challenge for poultry breeders. The blood gas parameters, which measured early in life, make it possible to design alternative selection schemes to reach birds resistance to ascites. In this way, ascites susceptibility can be effectively reduced but it might be comes at a cost, including a reduction in selection response for growth rate, due to genetic correlations. Based on the best combination of traits considered, reduction in gain for growth rate might be decreased, although with limited efficiency. Also, marker-assisted selection can be used effectively to reduce ascites susceptibility with respect to benefit-costs analysis.
Title Effective elastoplastic damage mechanics for fiber-reinforced composites with evolutionary complete fiber

A micromechanical damage mechanics framework is proposed to predict the overall elastoplastic behavior and interfacial damage evolution of fiberreinforced ductile composites. Progressively debonded fibers are replaced by equivalent voids. The effective elastic moduli of three-phase composites, composed of a ductile matrix, randomly located yet unidirectionally aligned circular fibers, and voids, are derived by using a rigorous micromechanical formulation. In order to characterize the homogenized elastoplastic behavior, an effective yield criterion is derived based on the ensemble area averaging process and the first-order effects of eigenstrains. The resulting effective yield criterion, together with the overall associative plastic flow rule and the hardening law, constitutes the analytical framework for the estimation of effective elastoplastic damage responses of ductile composites containing both perfectly bonded and completely debonded fibers. An evolutionary interfacial fiber debonding process, governed by the internal stresses of fibers and the interfacial strength, is incorporated into the proposed framework. The Weibull’s function is employed to describe the varying probability of fiber debonding. Further, comparison between the predictions and available experimental data are presented to illustrate the potential of the proposed methodology.
The relationship between emotional intelligence, self-esteem, gender and educational success

Article history: Received January 5, 2016 Received in revised format April 15, 2016 Accepted May 20, 2016 Available online May 26, 2016 Identifying factors that contribute to academic achievement is important. Some studies suggest a direct correlation between emotional intelligence, self-esteem and academic achievement, but others disagree about any direct relationship. This study investigates the relationship between emotional intelligence, self-esteem and academic achievement. The sample consists of 300 university students who were selected through random sampling. Bar-on emotional Intelligence questionnaire and self-esteem test pop as well as the mean scores of students were used as academic achievement. To analyze research data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The results of data analysis show that emotional intelligence and self-esteem had no significant relationship with achievement. The findings also show that emotional intelligence was not different between male and female students, but the self-esteem of female students was more than male students. Therefore in considering effective factors in academic achievement just psychological constructs such as emotional intelligence, selfesteem cannot be stressed. © 2016 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Simulating knowledge diffusion in four structurally distinct networks: An agent-based simulation model

In our work we adopt a structural perspective and apply an agent-based simulation approach to analyse knowledge diffusion processes in four structurally distinct networks. The aim of this paper is to gain an in-depth understanding of how network characteristics, such as path length, cliquishness and the distribution and asymmetry of degree centrality affect the knowledge distribution properties of the system. Our results show - in line with the results of Cowan and Jonard (2007) - that an asymmetric or skewed degree distribution actually can have a negative impact on a network's knowledge diffusion performance in case of a barter trade knowledge diffusion process. Their key argument is that stars rapidly acquire so much knowledge that they interrupt the trading process at an early stage, which finally disconnects the network. However, our findings reveal that stars cannot be the sole explanation for negative effects on the diffusion properties of a network. In contrast, interestingly and quite surprisingly, our simulation results led to the conclusion that in particular very small, inadequately embedded agents can be a bottleneck for the efficient diffusion of knowledge throughout the networks.
The Impacts of Demographic Change in Japan: Some Preliminary Results from the MSG3 model

Demographic shifts may have a profound influence the world economy, directly in the countries experiencing the demographic change and indirectly through changes in global trade, capital markets, and exchange rates. In this paper we apply the approach of Bryant and McKibbin (2001), which extends the approach of Blanchard, Weil, Faruqee, Laxton, and Symansky to modelling consumption and saving behaviour. The analytical approach is applied to a general equilibrium model of the world economy with a focus on Japan (the MSG3 multicountry model). Changes in birth and mortality rates are combined with an approximation of age-earning profiles to allow demographic shifts to influence labour supply, human wealth, consumption, asset accumulation and investment demand in Japan. The results in this draft are preliminary, however they suggest that current and predicted demographic changes in Japan are likely to have an important impact on the Japanese and world economies. Future work will incorporate the impact of global demographic change on the global economy and explore how the global demographic projections will possibly impact on the Japanese economy. Warwick J. McKibbin Jeremy Nguyen Economics Division Economics Division Research School of Pacific Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies & Asian Studies Australian National University Australian National University ACT 0200 Australia ACT 0200 Australia and The Brookings Institution 1775 Massachusetts Ave, NW Washington DC 20036 USA
The analysis of the relation between social studies and primary school teachers ' levels of liking of children and their job satisfaction in terms of diverse variable

It is required for teachers to become individuals who love children, carry out their jobs with job satisfaction in order to raise individuals who are in tune with the times, effective, creative and produce suitable solutions to the challenges in the face of rapid changes that are experienced. In this research, within the scope of which the relation between social studies and primary school teachers' levels of liking of children and their job satisfaction is analyzed, The research is a descriptive study in comparative survey methods. In the research, it has been analyzed whether a statistically significant relation between social studies teachers' levels of liking of children and their job satisfaction exists or not, in terms of diverse variable. The study group of the research consists of totally 117 teachers, 57 of whom perform as social studies teachers and 60 as primary school teacher. Research data has been gathered by applying the "Barnett Liking of Children Scale" and "Job Satisfaction Scale" to the teachers participated in the research. In the analysis of data, Kruskal-Wallis H Test for independent samples, Mann-Whitney U Test for independent samples, simple correlation, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk normality tests have been used. In consequence of the research, any significant difference has not been found between teachers' levels of loving children and their ages and job seniorities. It has been determined that female teachers' levels of loving children are higher as compared to that of male teachers and primary school teachers have a stronger liking for children than social studies teachers. The result that their job satisfaction does not vary according to the teachers' age, seniority and field of study and according to gender, female teachers have experienced much job satisfaction than the male ones has been reached.
On the Ecological Connection Between Sabre-tooths and Hominids: Faunal Dispersal Events in the Lower Pleistocene and a Review of the Evidence for the First Human Arrival in Europe

Abstract The chronology of the first colonization of Europe by hominids has been a rather controversial issue until this decade, with most palaeoanthropologists claiming that there was no significant habitation until Middle Pleistocene times. However, recent findings in Spain, Italy, Georgia and China, as well as the re-evaluation of the evidence from Java and Israel, indicate an earlier arrival of Homo in Eurasia, during the Lower Pleistocene. The systematic revision of European assemblages of large mammals has shown a faunal break at the Plio–Pleistocene boundary, marked by the arrival of African and Asian species, which allows the tracing of the ecological and biogeographical scenario in which the first dispersal of hominids out of Africa took place. African immigrants include among others two carnivore species, the giant hyaena Pachycrocuta brevirostris and the sabre-tooth Megantereon whitei . Sabre-tooth cats were extinct in East Africa by 1·5 Ma, which coincides with the emergence of the Acheulean Industrial Complex, but inhabited Eurasia until 0·5 Ma. Given that M. whitei was a hypercarnivorous predator that presumably left, on the carcasses of the ungulates hunted, large amounts of flesh and bone nutrients within, its arrival in Eurasia opened broad opportunities for scavenging by hominids and helps to explain the success of the Oldowan tools until 0·5 Ma.
On the consequences of a fragmentation due to a NEO mitigation strategy

The fragmentation of an Earth threatening asteroid as a result of a hazard mitigation mission is examined in this paper. The minimum required energy for a successful impulsive deflection of a threatening object is computed and compared with the energy required to break-up a small size asteroid. The fragmentation of an asteroid that underwent an impulsive deflection such as a kinetic impact or a nuclear explosion is a very plausible outcome in the light of this work. Thus a model describing the stochastic evolution of the cloud of fragments is described. The stochasticity of the fragmentation is given by a Gaussian probability distribution that describes the initial relative velocities of each fragment of the asteroid, while the size distribution is expressed through a power law function. The fragmentation model is applied to Apophis as illustrative example. If a barely catastrophic disruption (i.e. the largest fragment is half the size of the original asteroid) occurs 10 to 20 years prior to the Earth encounter only a reduction from 50% to 80% of the potential damage is achieved for the Apophis test case.
Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Health in Stationary and Migratory Apiaries

The practice of migratory beekeeping is based on moving honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies between different locations to intensify agricultural production through improved pollination services. However, due to stress caused by exposure of bee hives to different environments, migratory beekeeping activities can lead colonies to greater susceptibility of these insects to pathogens and pests, thus leading to population decline and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health profile of apiaries that adopt two types of management (stationary and migratory), located in the central-eastern region of Sao Paulo state, Brazil, during two sampling periods, one in spring (October 2010), and one in autumn (May 2011). We collected 474 samples of honeycomb from the brood area, combs containing capped brood, adult bees that covered the brood area, and foraging bees, to evaluate the presence and prevalence of Paenibacillus larvae, Varroa destructor, Nosema apis and N. ceranae. Seasonality was identified as a determining factor in the health condition of Africanized A. mellifera colonies, causing a stronger effect on health than the type of management employed (stationary vs migratory beekeeping). The infection rates of N. ceranae were higher during the autumn in relation to the spring (387 ± 554 spores per bee in the spring and 1,167 ± 1,202 spores per bee in the autumn in stationary apiaries and 361 ± 687 spores per bee in the spring and 1,082 ± 1,277 spores per bee in the autumn in migratory apiaries). The same pattern was found for infestation rates of V. destructor (2.83 ± 1.97 in the spring and 9.48 ± 6.15 in the autumn in stationary apiaries and 3.25 ± 2.32 in the spring and 6.34 ± 6.58 in the autumn in migratory apiaries). These results demonstrate that the seasonality affects the health of A. mellifera colonies, but it does not depend on the type of management adopted (stationary or migratory).
ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIHYPERLIPIDAEMIC ACTIVITY OF SONERILA TINNEVELLIENSIS FISCHER WHOLE PLANT IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Objective : The ethanol extract of Sonerila tinnevelliensis Fischer whole plant was investigated for its antidiabetic and antihyperlipidaemic effect in Wistar Albino rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced in Albino rats by administration of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg, i. p). The ethanol extracts of S . tinnevelliensis at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg of body weight were administered at single dose per day to diabetes induced rats for a period of 14 d. The effect of ethanol extract of S. tinnevelliensis whole plant extract on blood glucose, plasma insulin, creatinine, urea, glycosylated haemoglobin, serum lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein–cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein–cholesterol (VLDL-C), high density lipoprotein–cholesterol (HDL-C) and phospholipid (PL)] serum protein, albumin, globulin, serum enzymes [serum glutamate pyruvate transaminases (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminases (SGOT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] were measured in the diabetic rats. Results: The ethanol extract of S. tinnevelliensis whole plant elicited significant reductions of blood glucose ( p <0.05), lipid parameters except HDL-C, serum enzymes and significantly increased HDL-C. The extracts also caused significant increase in plasma insulin ( p <0.05) in the diabetic rats. Conclusion: The ethanol extracts of S. tinnevelliensis whole plant possesses significant antidiabetic and antihyperlipidaemic effects in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Keywords: Sonerila tinnevelliensis , Diabetes mellitus, Alloxan, Hyperglycemia.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF INSPECTION DATA FOR THE ASSET MANAGEMENT OF SEWER NETWORKS

Investments in sewer pipe rehabilitation must be based on optical inspection and evaluation of sewer conditions with respect to the severity of the damage and to environmental risks. The work presented here discusses the problems of forecasting the condition of sewers in a network from a sample of inspected sewers. Transition functions from one into the next poorer condition class, which were empirically derived from this sample, are used to forecast the condition of sewers. By the same procedure, transition functions were subsequently calibrated for sub-samples of different types of sewers. With these transition functions, the most probable date of entering a critical condition class can be forecast. Thus, rehabilitation needs arising from the modelled deterioration process, can be calculated year by year into the future. The requirements of condition grading systems for the application of deterioration models are discussed.
Lindelöf property and absolute embeddings

It is proved that a Tychonoff space is Lindelof if and only if whenever a Tychonoff space Y contains two disjoint closed copies X1 and X2 of X, then these copies can be separated in Y by open sets. We also show that a Tychonoff space X is weakly C-embedded (relatively normal) in every larger Tychonoff space if and only if X is either almost compact or Lindelof (normal almost compact or Lindelof).
Interactive comment on “Size-fractionated dissolved primary production and carbohydrate composition of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi” by C. Borchard and A. Engel

Referee: This BGD paper presents particulate and dissolved primary production, and a detailed description of the neutral sugar composition of 4 different size classes of the extracellular release of E. huxleyi grown in chemostat cultures. The paper is overall well written and the results presented in a clear manner. I would like to highlight two statements that both point to issues that, in my opinion, merit much more attention and revisions of the present version of the manuscript. The first statement, on p. 15295, line 10-11, concerns the two CO2 regimes (380atm and 750atm) under which
Do recurring outbreaks of a type of infectious immune impairment trigger cyclic changes in the gender ratio at birth

Unexpected step-like increases in emergency medical hospital admissions, general practitioner (GP) referrals, and wider health care costs that appear to repeat at an interval between three to eight years in length have been observed in the United Kingdom (UK) and other countries. Based on the observation that the step changes appear to be restricted to a group of diagnoses associated with infection or inflammation, it has been proposed that outbreaks of an unknown type of infectious immune impairment are responsible for the cycle. Both infection and inflammation have been implicated in changes in the gender ratio (male-to-female births) observed in humans and animals, and this development presents an opportunity to test the infectious outbreak hypothesis. Monthly live births in England and Wales between 1980 and 2008 were studied. After adjusting for the effects of the solar sunspot cycle and season on the gender ratio, the pattern in the residual ratio (actual minus predicted) appears to align with the cycle of step changes in medical admissions and costs. It appears that each outbreak initiates a cascade of condition-specific effects, which include conception and/or fetal loss along with other effects on adults, and more specifically on the elderly. An additional peak in the gender ratio for conceptions in September, October, and November 1986 appears to correspond to the impact of fallout from the Chernobyl nuclear accident in April 1986 and seems to confirm the results of other studies on the impact of low levels of nuclear radiation on the gender ratio. Biomed . Int . 2013; 4: 26-39. ©2013 Biomedicine International,
Interbank Offered Rate: Effects of the Financial Crisis on the Information Content of the Fixing

With the onset of the financial turmoil in August 2007, pricing references on the money market interest rates have been shocked. The segment of unsecured deposit transactions, which represent the cornerstone of capital markets, and is used as basis for the setting of money market benchmark essential to the indexing of trillions of derivative contracts and loans, has been particularly damaged by the surge in counterparty risk. The lack of confidence between traders and the growing fear of counterparty’s bankruptcies have led progressively to a drying out of the unsecured market turnover. After a relative improvement in early 2008, market activity in the unsecured market has again dried up with the reinforcement of the financial crisis following the collapse of Lehman Brothers. Although there are good reasons to think that the market activity in the cash unsecured segment of the money market has remained distorted, in particular for maturities beyond the very short-term, the OIS-LIBOR spreads have been declining extremely steadily since January 2009, both in major currencies and at various maturities, seemingly pointing to a normalization of the money market. On the basis of a simple econometric supported by statistical evidence applied to the euro area date, this paper analyses whether recent developments in the unsecured interest rates actually support a diagnosis of renewed market activity, and of normalization of the unsecured market.
Karyotype analysis of some taxa of Dianthus section Verruculosi (Caryophyllaceae, Sileneae)

The purpose of this study was to determine chromosome numbers and karyological features of six Dianthus taxa belonging to section Verruculosi from Anatolia, Turkey. The chromosome numbers were determined as 2n = 30 in all taxa. Karyological measurements were made in detail for the first time for all taxa. Chromosome counts were given for the first time for all taxa except D. cyri and D. strictus. A new chromosome number was determined for D. strictus. The intrachromosomal and interchromosomal karyotype asymmetries were estimated with MCA and CVCL values.
Educational Policies and Income Inequality

In this paper we study the associations between educational policies, distributions of educational attainments and income distributions. By matching inequality measures on test scores, years of education and labour earnings by country, birth cohorts and gender, we show that inequality in education (measured both at quality and quantity levels) affect earnings inequality. We then consider potential endogeneity of educational distributions and we resort to instrumental estimation using information on government reforming activity in the field of education. By controlling for country-specific and time fixed effects, and by separating age and cohorts effects, we prove that educational inequality respond to educational reforms, identifying educational policies (like later entry into compulsory education or introduction of standardised tests) capable to reduce income inequalities thirty years later.
Mastery and performance approach goal orientations inrelation to academic self-efficacy beliefs and academichelp seeking behaviors of college students in Turkey

This study explored the associations among achievement approach goal orientations, academic selfefficacy beliefs, and academic help seeking behaviors of Turkish college students. A self-report survey was administered to 98 junior college students in a teacher training department of a major research and teaching university in Istanbul. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. The findings showed that mastery approach goal orientation was significantly positively associated with college students’ perceived academic self-efficacy beliefs and academic help seeking behaviors. Performance approach goal orientation, on the other hand, was not significantly related to academic self-efficacy beliefs but significantly negatively associated with students’ academic help seeking behaviors. Overall, the structural model explained 31% of the variance in academic self-efficacy beliefs and 39% of the variance in academic help seeking behaviors of college students. The practical implications and future directions along with the limitations of the study are discussed