Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clonal nature of hypereosinophilic syndrome.

The hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a disorder characterized by persistent peripheral blood eosinophilia of unknown origin associ-ated with eosinophilic infiltration of tissues. ' The similarity between HES and other myeloproliferative syndromes has been emphasized in the past? However, the evidence to support a clonal proliferation of eosinophils has been sparse and only based on the detection of chromosomal abnormalities in bone marrow (BM) cells of those patients with the clinically aggressive variants of HES, otherwise known as eosinophilic le~kemia. ~ We describe a patient presenting with clinical and hematologic features consistent with HES in which hypereosinophilia represents a proliferation of a cell clone, as shown by the methylation status of the X-linked phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) gene. exertional polyarthralgias, and a motor and sen-sory neuropathy of both upper and lower extremities. The Physical examination showed few purpuric skin lesions at both extremities and some bronchial rales. Major laboratory findings included leuko-cytosis of 34,000 cells/mm' with 70% eosinophils and a slight poly- clonal increase in serum levels of IgE. The BM aspirate showed increased cellularity with eosinophilic hyperplasia. The morphologic and immunocytochemical properties (periodic acid-Schiff and naph- to1 AS-D chloroacetate esterase) of the peripheral blood and BM eosinophils were consistent with normal nonleukemic cells. Conven-tional cytogenetic analysis showed only a normal karyotype. Tho-racic and abdominal computed tomography and echocardiography showed no organ involvement. A biopsy sample of the median nerve showed a typical eosinophilic infiltration. Oral
The KBSA Requirements/specification Facet: ARIES

This paper describes a transformation-based software environment which supports the acquisition and validation of software requirements specifications. These requirements may be stated informally at first, and then gradually formalized and elaborated. The environment assists in the validation of formalized requirements by translating them into natural language and graphical diagrams, and testing them against a running simulation of the system to be built. Requirements defined in terms of domain concepts are transformed into constraints on system components. The advantages of this approach are that specifications can be traced back to requirements and domain concepts, which in turn have been precisely defined.
Tax Knowledge Diffusion Through Individual Auditor Network Ties: Evidence from China

This study investigates whether network ties via sharing the same individual auditor influences the diffusion of tax avoidance knowledge. We find that firms with greater connection to low-tax firms through audit partners have lower effective tax rates (ETRs), consistent with tax avoidance knowledge being shared among firms through individual auditor network. The influence of audit network ties on tax avoidance at focal firms is stronger when partners’ tenure in low-tax firms is longer, and when partners have social connection with the top executives of focal firms. In addition, audit fees of focal firms with auditor network ties to low-tax firms are significantly higher if their executives are not socially connected to partners, suggesting that audit partners benefit from sharing the tax avoidance knowledge with clients without social ties.
Effects of Various Cooking and Re-heating Methods on Cholesterol Oxidation Products of Beef Loin

The objective of this study was to define the effects of various cooking and re-heating methods (pan roasting, steaming, oven grilling and micro-waving) on the cholesterol and formation of cholesterol oxidation products in beef loin during storage at 4°C. Raw samples showed lower total cholesterol content than cooked products sampled during storage for 6 d. The following cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) were separated by gas chromatography: 7β-hydroxy cholesterol, 20α-hydroxy cholesterol, 25- hydroxy cholesterol, cholestane-3β, 5α, 6β triol (triol), α-epoxide and 7-ketocholesterol. Total amounts of COPs/cholesterol at 0 d were 0.74, 0.63, 0.76, 1.23 and 0.83% for the raw sample, pan roasting, steaming, oven grilling and micro waving methods, respectively. After 6 d storage almost of the samples had higher content of total COPs than at 0 and 3 d; the lowest (0.55%) COPs was found in the steaming cooking and re-heating method. The highest (5.96%) of COPs was found in the pan roasting cooking and re-heating method after 6 d storage. In conclusion, the concentration of total cholesterol and cholesterol oxidation of beef loin were increased as a consequence of cooking and re-heating methods. Steaming and micro-waving methods showed the lowest of cholesterol oxidation products under refrigerated storage for 6 d. However, each cooking and re-heating method had its own distinctive cooking effects. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2006. Vol 19, No. 5 : 756-762)
8 Speciation and Radiation in African Haplochromine Cichlids

The explosive radiation of cichlid fishes in the African Great Lakes has intrigued biologists for many decades. The faunas of these lakes are outstanding, both in species richness and in the composition of their fish fauna. Several of these lakes contain as many or even more fish species than all the rivers and lakes of Europe together (Lowe-McConnell 1987; Kottelat 1997). About 90% of the fish species in each lake belong to a single family, the cichlids (Cichlidae; Teleostei) and are endemic to that lake. Estimates of the phylogenies of these species flocks suggest that the species of Lakes Victoria, Malawi, and Tanganyika have evolved in situ (Meyer et al. 1990; Lippitsch 1993; Nishida 1997). Even more remarkable, for Lakes Malawi and Victoria the species flocks are derived from one or only a few closely related ancestral species and are all haplochromines. In comparison to the diversity of these lakes, riverine cichlid fish faunas in Africa and South America are considerably less diverse. The unusually fast ecological radiation of haplochromine cichlids and the exceptionally dense species packing of these fishes demands an understanding of what is so special about them. Most lacustrine species flocks of other fish taxa, even other cichlid taxa, are less diverse in ecology and species numbers. The versatility of the pharyngeal jaw apparatus, physiological properties, and their mouthbrooding behavior may all be necessary attributes, but these alone are not sufficient to explain the exceptional diversification of haplochromines. In this chapter, we argue that it is the combination of a number of factors. Of the three African great lakes, Lake Tanganyika is the oldest and its age has been estimated to be between 9 and 12 My (Cohen et al. 1993). Lake Malawi’s age has been estimated to be 1–2 My (Fryer and Iles 1972). Lake Victoria is the youngest (0.25–0.75 My: Fryer 1997). Most likely it dried up 200 000 years ago (Martens 1977) and seems to have dried up again in the late Pleistocene, after which it refilled between 15 500 (Beuning et al. 1997) and 14 600 years ago (Johnson et al. 1996a). Paradoxically, the young Lakes Victoria and Malawi contain more endemic species (between 500 and 1000 each) than the old Lake Tanganyika, with about 250 species. In particular, the Lake Victoria species flock must have been the result of truly explosive speciation, even if the lake did not completely dry out during the late Pleistocene.
Determinant of Organizational Commitment among Women Employees in Malaysiana

Women involvement in the job market is increasing yearly. The scenario corroborates the government aspiration to have a more prominent women participation in the country’s job market. However, women’s multiple-role such as being a mother and a wife, among others, proved to be a hindrance to their career commitment. This study aims to determine the contributing factors to women organizational commitment. A total of 202 women working in the private and government sectors in Malaysia, participated in this study. The findings reveal that women are committed to their organization if they have a strong moral support from their family, friends and suervisors, in addition to attractive remunerations. The study findings are anticipated to facilitate the provision of a conducive and supportive working environment, particularly for the women employees by the policy maker and the management.
The serum irisin level in non-diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease

OBJECTIVE: Metabolic activity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by increased energy expenditure, protein loss, and catabolic processes. Irisin is a recently discovered thermogenic protein that causes energy expenditure. We are in the opinion that the level of irisin may change in patients with CKD and this condition can contribute to the energy expenditure in CKD. The present study aimed to determine the level of serum irisin, in patients with CKD, and the association between CKD stage and the serum irisin level. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included 90 patients with CKD (stages 2-4) and 32 healthy controls. Routine laboratory tests and measurement of the serum irisin level in all participants were performed. The serum irisin level was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. RESULTS: The serum irisin level was significantly lower in the patients with CKD than in the control group (p < 0.05). The mean irisin level in the patient group decreased as the severity of CKD increased (stage 2: 22.1±6.3 ng/mL; stage 3: 17.5±3.4 ng/mL; stage 4: 12.9±3.2 ng/mL; p<0.001). There was a positive correlation between the serum irisin level and the glomerular filtration rate (r=0.625, p<0.001). In the regression analysis CKD stage was an independent predictor of the irisin level (β ± SE= –4.663±0.511, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: In the CKD patients the serum irisin level decreased as the severity of disease increased. Accordingly, the catabolic process, which occurs more frequently in the advanced stages of CKD, might also play a role in decreasing the serum irisin level. KEy wORDS: Energy expenditure, Irisin, Chronic kidney disease
Obesity and appetite-related hormones.

OBJECTIVE Alterations of hormones involved in food intake can lead to obesity and related-diseases. The aim of the present study was to measure plasma levels of appetite-related hormones: insulin, leptin, adiponectin, acylated ghrelin, and cortisol in connection with eating behaviors among obese and non-obese women. MATERIAL AND METHOD The present study was performed in 53 non-obese and 33 obese Thai women (BMI < 23 and > or = 25 kg/m2 respectively), aged 25 to 45 years. Saliva and fasting blood samples were collected for hormone measurements. Subjects 'eating behavior was evaluated using Thai version of the Three-factor eating questionnaire (TFEQ) and their stress status was assessed by the Thai stress test (TST). RESULTS In comparison to non-obese individuals, obese women showed higher disinhibition eating, plasma glucose, insulin, HOMA insulin resistance index, leptin, and triglyceride levels but lesser plasma adiponectin and HDLC. Lower adiponectin was directly associated with higher disinhibition eating. Plasma leptin related positively to fat mass and insulin resistance but negatively to acylated ghrelin level. The trend towards increased acylated ghrelin after adjusted for age, obesity and eating behaviors was shown in stress women. CONCLUSION Increased insulin resistance, high leptin, and reduced adiponectin accompanied with disinhibition eating have been detected in obese women.
The impact of standard setting on individual investors: evidence from SFAS 109

We examine the response of individual investors to firms’ adoptions of SFAS 109 – Accounting for Income Taxes. We predict that SFAS 109 reduces disclosure-processing costs and provides new decision-useful information, reducing the information disadvantage of individual investors relative to more sophisticated investors. Using monthly individual investor stock holdings data and staggered firm adoptions of SFAS 109, we provide evidence that individual investors increased their holdings in firms following adoption of SFAS 109. The increases are concentrated among more financially knowledgeable individual investors and among individual investors that are more likely to trade on financial statement information. We provide evidence that the increased demand among individual investors following SFAS 109 adoption is concentrated in firms with (i) tax attributes associated with less informative disclosures under the prior standard and (ii) substantive improvements to balance sheet reporting of deferred taxes and tax disclosures following SFAS 109 adoption. Results of a path analysis suggest that SFAS 109 adoption aided individual investors directly and indirectly via a decrease in analyst forecast dispersion. Collectively, the evidence is consistent with SFAS 109 benefitting individual investors by improving the accessibility and informativeness of financial reporting on income taxes. Our findings highlight the importance of evaluating how improved accounting standards can benefit a key stakeholder of the SEC and FASB: individual investors.
PENGARUH EFEKTIVITAS DEWAN KOMISARIS DAN KOMITE AUDIT, STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN, DAN KUALITAS AUDIT TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA

The purpose of this study was to examine, analyze, and find empirical evidence of the influence the effectiveness of the board of commissioners and audit committee, concentrated ownership, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and audit quality on earnings management with company size, company performance, and leverage as variable controls. The sample used in this study was 42 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in period 2013-2015. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. This study used multiple regression analysis. The results of this study show that effectiveness of the board of commissioners, concentrated ownership, managerial ownership have negative effect on earnings management. However, the effectiveness of audit committees, institutional ownership, and audit quality doesn’t have effect on earnings management. As well, the firm size, firm performance, and leverage have effect on earnings management.
Influence of Grain Boundaries and Sn Distribution on the H-T Phase Diagram of ${\rm Nb}_{3}{\rm Sn}$

We measured the 1st and 3rd harmonics of the AC magnetic susceptibility as a function of the temperature and the DC magnetic field, on several Nb3Sn samples (single crystal, polycrystalline samples and multifilamentary wires), with different pinning properties. From these measurements, the Bragg phase, the disordered one and the irreversibility line have been identified in the H-T phase diagram of analysed samples. We observed that the presence of the pinning due to grain boundaries increases the region of the disordered phase in respect to the pinning due to point defects, and gives the possibility to detect an irreversibility line. Nevertheless it is possible to observe a phase transition between the Bragg and the disordered phase if the sample has an almost spatially uniform tin content. On the contrary, in a sample characterized by similar grain boundaries properties but where a tin gradient is present, the Bragg glass phase tends to disappear.
Specific Learning Disability and Its Newest Definition

The American Psychiatric Association’s proposed definition of specific learning disability (“specific learning disorder”) for the DSM-5 reflects current thinking and best practice in learning disabilities. It continues the core conceptualization of learning disability (LD) as well as proposes identification criteria to supplant the discredited aptitude–achievement discrepancy formula. Improvements can be found along with long-standing and new controversies about the nature of LD. The proposed definition both provides a model of a currently acceptable definition and reflects critical issues in the operationalization of LD that the field continues to neglect.
EVALUATION OF THE USE OF E-PROCUREMENT SYSTEM ON PROCUREMENT PRACTICES AND PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN GHANA

The improvement in the importance of knowledge, technology complexity, globalization and the accessibility of digital computerized data innovations are driving this transformation. This has led to an exponential growth of electronic business applications that is leading organizations to embark on huge investments in inventive technologies, for the purpose of preserving their competitive advantage in a gradual dynamic marketplace. However, business investments of IT need to be the subject of appropriate appraisal and assessment. Whilst the literature recommends potential advantages of these adoption technologies, little has been written on the nature of the business case for e-procurement usage in the public hospitals. We evaluated the use of e-procurement system and procurement practices on the performance of public hospitals in Ghana. A bootstrapping technique with 500 subsamples was adopted to investigate the statistical significance of the parameters in our self-designed model. The inner model revealed that E-procurement system usage has a statistically significant positive effect on hospital procurement practice and hospital procurement performance which supports our hypotheses.
513 Mbit/s Visible Light Communications Link Based on DMT-Modulation of a White LED

We report a visible-light wireless point-to-point communication link operating at 513 Mbit/s gross transmission rate (net Mbit/s). The bit-error ratio of the uncoded data was smaller than for an illumination level of lx. The link was based on a commercial thin-film high-power phosphorescent white LED, an avalanche photo diode, and off-line signal processing of discrete multitone signals. Quadrature-amplitude modulation, bit- and power-loading, as well as symmetrical clipping were successfully employed in pushing the gross transmission rate beyond 500 Mbit/s. Adaptation of the clipping level increased the data rate only by 2%, while simulations predicted an enhancement of 20%. Obstacles towards higher data rates as well as potential remedies are discussed. We predicted that data rates of over 1 Gbit/s can be achieved with the same setup and under the same experimental conditions if these obstacles are overcome.
Expression of kinase genes in primary hyperparathyroidism: adenoma versus hyperplastic parathyroid tissue.

BACKGROUND Differentiation between parathyroid hyperplasia and adenoma is difficult and based on the surgeon's skill. Microarrays and other sophisticated research tools generate information about differential gene expression in various tissues. Exploration of genes that express differentially in 1 tissue will enable identification and perhaps development of new methods of preoperative or intraoperative diagnosis. METHODS RNA was extracted from parathyroid hyperplasia and adenoma tissue and hybridized to a microarray containing 359 human complementary DNAs of known kinase genes. Signals of exposure were scanned and quantified with software for digital image analysis (Atlas-image, v. 2; Clontech Labs Inc, Palo Alto, Calif). The program generates a color schematic comparison view and numeric data in a tabular format for further analysis. RESULTS The ratio values that are considered significant (< 0.5 or > 1.5) suggest that genes up-regulated in parathyroid adenoma are those responsible for angiogenesis and production of blood vessels. Genes down-regulated in parathyroid adenoma and expressed in hyperplasia are related to a decrease in apoptosis. Moreover, an interesting gene expressed only in the hyperplasia sample is increased in relation to in vivo proliferation activities. CONCLUSIONS Parathyroid hyperplasia and adenoma are different physiologic conditions. Further analysis of kinase genes involved in angiogenesis and apoptosis will enable design of a chip that concentrates in the different key genes responsible for the transition between hyperplasia and adenoma. Identifying such genes will enable to target both diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Comparative Study of 2 Commissural Dorsal Flap Techniques for the Treatment of Congenital Syndactyly

Background: Many commissural reconstruction techniques have been described for the treatment of syndactyly. This study is the first to compare long-term results of 2 commissural dorsal flap procedures (T-flap and omega-flap). Methods: Fifty-nine web-spaces in 39 patients, operated on between 1991 and 2008, were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty-six T-flap and 23 omega-flap procedures were performed using full-thickness skin graft in every case for digital resurfacing. Factors that could affect the long-term outcome were collected, including development of web-creep, clinodactyly, and flexion contracture. Patients were reviewed with a mean follow-up of 5 years and 8 months. Results: Preoperative complexity of syndactyly influenced the development of clinodactyly and flexion contracture. Among the patients who developed clinodactyly, 96% had surgery for complex syndactyly. No difference was found between the 2 flap methods concerning digital deformation and mobility. However, web-creep occurred more frequently after T-flap than after omega-flap procedures (17% vs. 5%). Conclusions: The combination of either dorsal commissural T-flaps or omega-flaps with full-thickness graft to resurface digits is a reliable technique for the treatment of syndactyly with satisfactory functional and cosmetic results. Long-term results are not influenced by the type of flap. Nevertheless, the omega-flap technique, using 2 triangular lateral-palmar flaps, avoids use of skin graft to cover lateral-palmar aspects of the new commissure, consequently reducing the incidence of web-creep. In cases of syndactyly, the primary prognostic factor is whether the patient has simple or complex syndactyly. In complex syndactyly, the risk of long-term unfavorable results is higher. When complex complicated syndactyly is involved, postoperative complication rates increase. Level of Evidence: Level III
Role of reduced graphene oxide in the critical components of a CdS-sensitized TiO2 -based photoelectrochemical cell.

Nitrogen (N)-doped reduced graphene oxide (nRGO) is systematically incorporated into a TiO(2) -CdS photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell and its role is examined in the three main components of the cell: 1) the CdS-sensitized TiO(2) photoanode, 2) the cathode, and 3) the S(2-)/S(.-) aqueous redox electrolyte. The nRGO layer is sandwiched between TiO(2) nanorods (deposited by using a solvothermal method) and CdS (deposited by using the successive ionic-layer-adsorption and -reaction method). Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS) reveals the spatial distribution of CdS and nRGO, whereas nRGO formation is evident from Mott Schottky analysis. Chronoamperometry and PEC analysis indicate that upon incorporation of nRGO, a photocurrent density that is at least 27 times higher than that of pristine TiO(2) is achieved; this increase is attributable to the ability of the nRGO to efficiently separate and transport charges. Stability analysis performed by continuous photoillumination over ∼3 h indicates a 26% and 42 % reduction in the photocurrent in the presence and absence of the nRGO respectively. Formation of SO(4)(2-) is identified as the cause for this photocurrent reduction by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It is also shown that nRGO-coated glass is as effective as a Pt counter electrode in the PEC cell. Unlike the benefits offered by nRGO at the anode and cathode, introducing it in the redox electrolyte is detrimental. Systematic and complementary electrolyte and film-based studies on this aspect reveal evidence of the capacitive behavior of nRGO. Competition between the nRGO and the oxidized electrolyte is identified, based on linear-sweep voltammetry analysis, as the limiting step to efficient charge transport in the electrolyte.