Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Survey of Water Hyacinth in Lake Tana, Ethiopia

Investigation of water hyacinth was conducted from October 27, 2011 to November 3, 2011 by interdisciplinary expedition groups. A total of 24 sites were delineated using geographical positioning system (GPS) during investigation of water hyacinth incidence along the whole periphery of Lake Tana. Water hyacinth was started from Mitreha Abawarka kebele of Gondar zuria woreda specifically around at Netseba village with an estimated of 3 hectare area coverage. Highest infestation of the weed was observed at Megech River mouth with estimated area coverage of c. 80-100 hectare. Its infestation extends up to Dirma River mouth. Especial adaptation of water hyacinth on land based conditions at which soil moisture relatively high was observed around Tana woina kebele of Gondar zuria woreda adjacent lake shore side. The incidence and depth of water hyacinth infestation in Lake Tana is still at its infant stage, because except the North and to some extent North-east direction, the other parts of Lake Tana were devoid of the water hyacinth. Generally water hyacinth remains a major problem in Lake Tana where effective control programs are not in place as soon as possible.
Crafting values in organizational change processes

This paper explores employees’ use of organizational values in the context of a post-merger integration (PMI) change process, which entails adopting a new set of values. Within such a dynamic corporate context, organizational values may assist employees in proactively managing their work performance and job satisfaction by putting organizational values into practice and using them (‘crafting’) in the context of work. A four-week diary study was conducted in which 71 employees participated. Diary records and validated questionnaire data were collected during a post-merger integration process in a multi-national corporation, and were then analyzed using multi-level modelling. This study suggests that using and practicing organizational values can affect people's motivation to act proactively in changing work settings. We discuss the implications of our findings for future work in helping organizational members craft their work by drawing on organizational values for sustainable collaboration.
Gender Bias in Medical Images Affects Students’ Implicit but not Explicit Gender Attitudes

Medical education curricula have the potential to impact the gender attitudes of future healthcare providers. This study investigated whether gender-biased imagery from anatomy textbooks had an effect on the implicit and explicit gender attitudes of students. We used an online experimental design in which students (N = 456; 55% female) studying anatomy were randomly assigned to a visual priming task using either gender-neutral or gender-biased images. The impact of this priming task on implicit attitudes was assessed using the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and the impact on explicit attitudes was measured using the Gender Bias in Medical Education Scale. Viewing biased images was significantly positively associated with implicit gender bias as indicated by higher IAT scores in the treatment compared to the control condition (mean IAT difference = 43 milliseconds; Cohen’s d = .33). In contrast, there was no significant effect of gender-biased images on explicit gender attitudes.
Schizotypal traits in painters: Relations with intelligence, creativity and creative productivity

In the present research we explored the presence of schizotypal traits in painters. Furthermore, the relations of schizotypy and creativity-related variables (intelligence, creativity and creative productivity) were analyzed. Study participants were divided into the criterion (132 students of art academy and art high school) and control group (119 psychology students and members of grammar school). Two hypotheses were set: 1) schizotypal traits are more pronounced in painters than in control group; 2) schizotypy is more closely associated with the creativity-linked variables in the criterion than in control group. Schizotypy was operationalized by Disintegration construct and measured via DELTA 10 inventory. Intelligence was assessed by Advanced Progressive Matrices-18; creativity was measured by the same labeled scale from HEXACO-PI-R inventory and creative productivity was explored by a set of questions regarding the frequency of creative behavior. Results showed that Magical thinking, Enhanced awareness, Somatoform Dysregulation, Perceptual distortions and Social anhedonia were the schizotypal traits which were more pronounced in painters as compared to the control group. Factor analyses performed in each group separately revealed a latent component loaded both with schizotypal traits, creativity and creative productivity, but only in the group of painters: schizotypy and creativity were not so closely related in the control group. Thus, the study hypotheses were largely confirmed. Results provide a more detailed understanding of the relations between schizotypy and creativity.
Improving Learning via Tablet-PC-based In-Class Assessment

This paper describes research being carried out to support in-class assessment in large classes. The goal of the Classroom Learning Partner (CLP) is to increase instructor-student interaction and student learning by aggregating student digital ink answers and presenting results and representative answers to an instructor. The studies reported in this paper are the first phase of the research: They evaluates the use of Tablet PCs and a Tablet-PC-based classroom presentation system in an introductory computer science class. The presentation system, Classroom Presenter [1], supports student wireless submission of digital ink answers to in-class exercises. In this study, we evaluate the hypothesis that the use of such a system increases student learning by: (1) increasing student focus and attentiveness in class, (2) providing immediate feedback to both students and instructor about student misunderstandings, (3) enabling the instructor to adjust course material in real-time based upon student answers to in-class exercises, (4) increasing student satisfaction. The studies evaluate each of the above four parameters by means of classroom observation, surveys, and interviews; the second study compares results with a control class in which Tablet PCs were not used.
Degrees of destitution: a typology of homelessness in developing countries

There is an ongoing attempt to develop a globally acceptable definition of homelessness. Whether such a definition is broad and inclusive of squatters, and those living in particularly poor quality housing, or narrowly focused on street homelessness, it is likely to include a large population. Therefore, we are left with a need to develop criteria for identifying, allocating and prioritising appropriate support. Drawing on a study of homelessness in nine developing countries, this paper presents a new categorisation or typology of homelessness, based on choice and opportunity. It highlights the way in which homeless people, living in identical shelter situations, and for ostensibly similar reasons, might require different responses to support them out of homelessness. This paper does not seek to debate the definition of homelessness but to stimulate discussion on finding a way to identify and prioritise the needs of those included within any given definition.
NEW EVIDENCE FOR MASS LOSS FROM δ CEPHEI FROM H i 21 cm LINE OBSERVATIONS

Recently published Spitzer Space Telescope observations of the classical Cepheid archetype δ Cephei revealed an extended dusty nebula surrounding this star and its hot companion HD 213307. At far-infrared wavelengths, the emission resembles a bow shock aligned with the direction of space motion of the star, indicating that δ Cephei is undergoing mass loss through a stellar wind. Here we report H i 21 cm line observations with the Very Large Array (VLA) to search for neutral atomic hydrogen associated with this wind. Our VLA data reveal a spatially extended H i nebula (∼13′ or 1 pc across) surrounding the position of δ Cephei. The nebula has a head-tail morphology, consistent with circumstellar ejecta shaped by the interaction between a stellar wind and the interstellar medium (ISM). We directly measure a mass of circumstellar atomic hydrogen , although the total H i mass may be larger, depending on the fraction of circumstellar material that is hidden by Galactic contamination within our band or that is present on angular scales too large to be detected by the VLA. It appears that the bulk of the circumstellar gas has originated directly from the star, although it may be augmented by material swept from the surrounding ISM. The H i data are consistent with a stellar wind with an outflow velocity Vo = 35.6 ± 1.2 km s−1 and a mass-loss rate of yr−1. We have computed theoretical evolutionary tracks that include mass loss across the instability strip and show that a mass-loss rate of this magnitude, sustained over the preceding Cepheid lifetime of δ Cephei, could be sufficient to resolve a significant fraction of the discrepancy between the pulsation and evolutionary masses for this star.
Investigating the Relationship of Creative Educational Atmosphere and Academic Self-efficacy with Problem Solving Skills of Higher Education Students

The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship of creative educational atmosphere and academic self-efficacy with problem solving skills of higher education students. The research method of the study is correlational. The population of the study includes all MA/MSc students of Lorestan University as 1643 individuals among which 310 participants were selected via Krejcie and Morgan’s table using the stratified random sampling proportionate to the size sampling method. To collect data, the Creative Educational Atmosphere Inventory developed by Mohebbi et al. (2013), the Problem-Solving Inventory (Heppner & Peterson, 1982) and the self-efficacy beliefs Inventory of Žakova et al. (2005) were used. To analyze data, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used. The results obtained from the correlation coefficient indicated that there is a significant correlation of creative educational atmosphere and academic self-efficacy. In addition, the results of multiple regression indicated that from among sub-components of creative educational atmosphere, only subcomponent of trust and from among subcomponents of academic self-efficacy, two subcomponents of trust to one’s own ability to interact with others in University and trust to one’s own ability to do homework can predict problem solving skills. The results of the present study confirm the role of creative educational atmosphere and academic self-efficacy on problem solving skills of university students. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016. v7n4S1p188
Normal mode sensitivity to Earth's D″ layer and topography on the core-mantle boundary: what we can and cannot see

The core–mantle boundary (CMB) is Earth’s most profound internal boundary separating the liquid iron outer core and the solid silicate mantle. The detailed structure near the CMB has a major influence on mantle convection and the evolution of the core. Seismic observations, such as topography on the CMB, thin ultra-low velocity zones (ULVZs), seismic anisotropy and the anticorrelation between shear wave and bulk sound velocity heterogeneities have mainly been made using body waves and are still poorly constrained. We investigate the sensitivity of Earth’s free oscillations to these features and specifically show how large individual anomalies must be for them to be observable. In addition, we discuss the possible trade-offs between these different lowermost mantle structures. Although modes have strong sensitivity to all the structures inserted, the results illustrate the limits of what normal modes can resolve. Our tests show that: (i) Even small scale features, such as ULVZs, with a thickness larger than 19 km can be observed as long as their distribution contains a long wavelength component. (ii) The peak-to-peak amplitude of CMB topography has a larger influence than its pattern and has to be smaller than 5 km to fit the data. (iii) The effect of scaling between shear wave velocity and density anomalies is less constrained, but a laterally varying pattern is implied by a simple test, suggesting the presence of chemical variations. (iv) A strong trade-off exists between anisotropy in compressional wave velocity and incidence angle whereas shear wave anisotropy is less observable. These findings provide valuable information for future normal mode studies on structures in Earth’s lowermost mantle and their trade-offs.
DYNAMIC RESPONSE AND INJURY MECHANISM IN THE HUMAN FOOT AND ANKLE AND AN ANALYSIS OF DUMMY BIOFIDELITY

Lower leg injuries are the most frequent severe injury (AIS/3) to car occupants resulting from frontal impacts. Consequently it is important to be able to detect and quantify the risk of these injuries from car impact tests. The need for a more biofidelic instrumented lower leg and the development of well-founded injury criteria has been clearly identified. At present there are insufficient biomechanical data available to aid the design and construction of such a dummy leg or to define injury risk criteria. Three phases of a research rogramme are reported. In phase one, a driving simulator trial was carried out using 24 subjects to investigate the positioning and bracing of the driver's lower leg prior to an emergecy-braking event. In the second phase of the work, low energy impact tests have been carried out on post mortem human surrogate (PMHS) legs and volunteers. Comparative tests were performed on existing Hybrid III and GM/FTSS dummy feet/ankles. A new method to generate an Achilles force is reported which has been used to enable studies to be carried out into the effect of bracing by plantar flexion, such as emergency braking. Dynamic tests were based on the EEVC foot certification test procedure. The programme included tests to produce inversion and eversion. Additional toe impact tests were performed to assess lower leg behaviour with pre-impact bracing, allowing for future comparisons with the ALEx leg. Difficulties inherent in the interpretation of PMHS testing are reviewed and comparisons between tests on PMHS subjects and human volunteers are presented. The final part of the paper reports the findings of an in-depth retrospective accident analysis based on data in the UK Co-operative Crash Injury Study database. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD E102514.
Economic Evaluation of Leaf and Pod Yields of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) Produced by Five Different Staking Methods.

This study was carried out in the Teaching and Research Farm of Delta State University, Asaba Campus in 2005 and repeated in 2006 to conduct an economic evaluation of leaf and pod yields of Telfairia occidentalis produced by five different staking methods replicated three times in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and significant means were separated using Least Significant Difference (L.S.D). The results of obtained indicated a positive influence of staking on yield and yield components of Telfairia occidentalis. Leaf and pod yields were better under staking than when the crop was allowed to creep on the ground. Based on the findings of the study, raised platform method, which had the highest values with respect to leaf yield, pod yield, market values and benefit cost ratio, was recommended to farmers in the study area.
On arithmetic Macaulayfication of Noetherian rings

The Rees algebra is the homogeneous coordinate ring of a blowing-up. The present paper gives a necessary and sufficient condition for a Noetherian local ring to have a Cohen-Macaulay Rees algebra: A Noetherian local ring has a Cohen-Macaulay Rees algebra if and only if it is unmixed and all the formal fibers of it are Cohen-Macaulay. As a consequence of it, we characterize a homomorphic image of a Cohen-Macaulay local ring. For non-local rings, this paper gives only a sufficient condition. By using it, however, we obtain the affirmative answer to Sharp's conjecture. That is, a Noetherian ring having a dualizing complex is a homomorphic image of a finite-dimensional Gorenstein ring.
The strategic view of supply chain management and its association with risk

Within this study, 37 supply management professionals were given a questionnaire and asked to provide their experiences and insights into future trends in supply management functions, supply risks and the usage of long-term agreements with tier suppliers. The results show that the relevance of supply management functions will increase significantly in the future, confirming the generally supported view that there must be a more strategic focus on supply (chain) management. This statement is valid for small- and medium-sized enterprises, but not for large companies. The 10 most commonly occurring risks are internal in nature. These are controllable and are mainly related to internal operations. Finally, an assessment was made that establishing certain types of long-term cooperation with key-suppliers will be an important future aspect of supply (chain) management, as this aspect can be aligned with the overall strategic view of the firm and create sustainable competitive advantage.
NON-STATIONARY HEAT TRANSFER IN A HOLLOW CYLINDER WITH FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIAL PROPERTIES

The unidirectional non-stationary heat conduction in a two-phase hollow cylinder is considered. The conductor is made of two-phase stratified composites and has smooth gradation of effective properties in the radial direction. Therefore, we deal here with a special case of functionally graded materials, FGM. The formulation of mathematical model of the conductor is based on a tolerance averaging approach (TAA). Application to the non-stationary heat conduction and a comparison of the tolerance model with the asymptotic one is shown. The effect of geometry and material properties of the conductor on the temperature field is examined.
A PERFORMANCE-BASED DESIGN OF A HOTEL BUILDING USING TWO EGRESS MODELS : A COMPARISON OF THE RESULTS

With the move toward performance-based design, engineers have been looking to evacuation computer models to assess a building’s life safety. Many times, the engineer is tasked with the selection of one evacuation model for a specific project. Currently there are a wide variety of evacuation models for engineers to choose from. However, with each model containing its own unique features and simulation capabilities, confusion may arise as to which model is best for the task at hand. The results gained from this work emphasize the importance for users to choose an egress model for each project with the appropriate input features and simulation capabilities. This report compares results from two similar egress models based on documented evacuation movement data. When EXIT89 and Simulex (both only partial-behavioral models) are used to 1) simulate the same design scenarios and 2) perform a bounding analysis of the hotel building, differences in egress times were identified. EXIT89’s evacuation times were found to be (25 to 40) % shorter than Simulex for the design scenarios, attributed to differences in unimpeded speeds, movement algorithms, methods of simulating slow occupants, density in the stairs, and stair configuration input between the models. For the bounding analysis, EXIT89 produced maximum evacuation times (30 to 40) % shorter than Simulex, primarily due to the simulation of slower-moving occupants.
Valuing Genetically Modified Traits in Canola Using Real Options

This study specifies a framework to evaluate an investment strategy combining a market assessment with a valuation method using a stochastic binomial real option model. The market assessment uses multi-criteria analysis to determine which markets should be targeted for commercialization of a genetically modified trait in a target crop. The stochastic binomial real option model is developed to determine whether commercialization is financially viable. The framework was applied to canola being developed using gene technology to increase its drought tolerance. Our results showed that drought-tolerant canola would be more profitable than conventional varieties, but it would only be sufficiently profitable to pursue commercialization in targeted regions or countries.
The Smartphone as a Gait Recognition Device

This paper aims to identify the impacts of a couple of parameters on gait recognition when a build-in smartphone accelerometer is used. The use of different types of shoes impacts significantly gait recognition while the matching rate on a different surface e.g. grass has only a minor impact. A correlation between accelerometerâs data and the phone position was identified. For this, data originating from the Z-axis as well as from the X-Y-Z âaxis was used together with Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) for template generation and matching tests.
Macroeconomic Challenges Facing Low-Income Countries New Perspectives January 30 – 31 , 2014 Deindustrialization and Economic Diversification

We derive a measure of the degree of ineffi ciency of the production structure of an economy by casting its optimal sectoral composition as the outcome of a portfolio allocation problem, in the spirit of Koren and Tenreyro (2004). We use the framework to construct measures of ineffi ciency using sectoral data for 194 countries, document the patterns of ineffi ciency by region, income group etc., and investigate which countries might have reasons to pursue “industrial policies” to improve on the allocation of economic activity across sectors. We then undertake an exploratory analysis of the empirical content of our measure of ineffi ciency, and find that it correlates negatively with measures of good institutions and governance, broadly in line with the evidence in Hall and Jones (1999). JEL classification codes: O14, O25