Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PIK3CA mutations are associated with lower rates of pathologic complete response to anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2) therapy in primary HER2-overexpressing breast cancer.

PURPOSE Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway aberrations are common in breast cancer, with mutations in PIK3CA being the most common. This study investigated the association between PIK3CA genotype and pathologic complete response (pCR) rates in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer treated with either dual or single anti-HER2 treatment in addition to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS PIK3CA mutations in 504 tumor samples from participants in the neoadjuvant GeparQuattro, GeparQuinto, and GeparSixto studies were evaluated. All HER2-positive patients received either trastuzumab or lapatinib or the combination plus anthracycline-taxane chemotherapy. PIK3CA mutations were evaluated in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from core biopsies with a tumor cell content of ≥ 20% by using classical Sanger sequencing of exon 9 and exon 20. RESULTS Overall, 21.4% of the patients harbored a PIK3CA mutation. Detection of a PIK3CA mutation was significantly associated with a lower pCR rate (19.4% with PIK3CA mutation v 32.8% with PIK3CA wild-type; odds ratio [OR], 0.49; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.83; P = .008). In the 291 hormone receptor (HR) -positive tumors, pCR rate was 11.3% with a PIK3CA mutation compared with 27.5% with PIK3CA wild-type (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.78; P = .011). In 213 patients with HR-negative tumors, pCR rate was 30.4% with PIK3CA mutation and 40.1% without (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.32 to 1.32; P = .233; interaction test P = .292). In multivariable analysis, HR status and PIK3CA status provided independent predictive information. In patients with PIK3CA mutation, the pCR rates were 16%, 24.3%, and 17.4% with lapatinib, trastuzumab, and the combination, respectively (P = .654) and in the wild-type group, they were 18.2%, 33. %, and 37.1%, respectively (P = .017). Disease-free survival and overall survival were not statistically significantly different between patients with mutant and wild-type PIK3CA. CONCLUSION HER2-positive breast carcinomas with a PIK3CA mutation are less likely to achieve a pCR after neoadjuvant anthracycline-taxane-based chemotherapy plus anti-HER2 treatment, even if a dual anti-HER2 treatment is given.
Structure and Reproductive Characteristics of Two Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) Populations in the Çoruh River Basin, North-eastern Anatolia, Turkey

The reproductive characteristics of 2 brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations were examined in 2 tributaries, the Anuri and Cenker streams, of the Coruh River, north-eastern Turkey. Sampling was carried out by electrofishing monthly from November 2000 to October 2002. Age varied from 0 to 6 in the Anuri Stream, and from 0 to 7 in the Cenker Stream. Fork length (L) ranges were 4.29-29.9 cm and 3.7-34.4 cm for the Anuri and Cenker streams, respectively. The majority of individuals from both populations were smaller than 20 cm. While age and length at first maturity in males and females were 1.99 and 3.19 years, and 14.1 and 17.2 cm for the Anuri Stream, they were 1.99 and 3.22 years, and 14.0 and 17.3 cm for the Cenker Stream, respectively. Fecundity (F) was higher (P < 0.05) in the Cenker Stream (392 ± 46) than in the Anuri Stream (308 ± 27). Significant relationships were found between fecundity and length and weight for both populations (P < 0.05). Spawning took place in September and October in both populations.
Audit Quality and Properties of Analysts’ Information Environment

Prior research (Behn et al. 2008) suggests that higher audit quality is associated with increased accuracy and reduced dispersion in earnings forecasts issued by sell-side analysts. We extend this work to consider how audit quality impacts the information environment in which analysts operate. Using the method outlined by Barron et al. (1998), we examine whether higher audit quality (proxied as an industry specialist auditor) is associated with differences in the weight analysts place on common information relative to private information, as well as the extent to which audit quality separately impacts on the precision of analysts’ private and common information. Our results show that higher audit quality results in analysts placing increased weight on public information, but also that the precision of private (as well as public) information is improved. These results extend our understanding of how audit quality impacts on attributes of analysts’ forecasts and provides support for the argument that audit quality impacts users of audited financial reports.
Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism After Hysterectomy

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for venous thromboembolism after hysterectomy. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of data from a voluntary, statewide surgical quality improvement collaborative. Demographics and perioperative data were obtained for hysterectomies performed from January 1, 2008, to April 4, 2014. Postoperative venous thromboembolism was defined as a deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or both diagnosed within 30 days of hysterectomy. Significant variables related to postoperative venous thromboembolism were identified using bivariate analyses, and then logistic mixed modeling was used to develop a final model for venous thromboembolism. RESULTS: The rate of postoperative venous thromboembolism was 0.5% (110/20,496). Women who had a postoperative venous thromboembolism more frequently had a body mass index 35 or greater (40.0% compared with 25.2%, odds ratio [OR] 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–3.56, P=.03), abdominal hysterectomy (referent nonabdominal hysterectomy; 61.8% compared with 29.9%, OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.46–4.86, P=.001), and gynecologic cancer as the indication for surgery (16.4% compared with 9.6%, OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.22–5.07, P=.01). Increasing surgical time (hours; referent 1 hour; OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.31–1.84, P<.001) was also an associated factor. In bivariate analyses, women with, compared with without, venous thromboembolism more frequently received both preoperative and postoperative heparin (31.9% compared with 15.2%, P<.001 and 55.9% compared with 33.5%, P<.001, respectively), but this did not remain significant in the final model. CONCLUSION: Body mass index 35 or greater, abdominal hysterectomy, increasing surgical time, and cancer as the indication for surgery are risk factors for venous thromboembolism after hysterectomy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III
Cognitive and Emotional Components of Test Anxiety: A Distinction and Some Initial Data

This study examined the relationship between two aspects of the TAQ, identified as “worry” and “emotionality,” and performance expectancies on a college examination. For this purpose, a short Pre-examination Questionnaire was developed. As predicted, worry (W) was inversely related to performance expectancy. No relationship between expectancy and emotionality (E) was found.
The influence of culture on perceptions of service employee behavior

Purpose – The purpose of the study is to explore and compare customer perceptions of service encounter behavior in the USA and the Republic of Korea and to identify the relationship of the underlying behavioral dimensions to customer satisfaction.Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire was designed to collect data in the USA and Korea. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to extract the most distinct set of behavioral dimensions underlying each culture. Predictive validity was examined using correlations and regression analysis.Findings – Key differences were found between US and Korean restaurant customers' perceptions of wait‐staff behavior and their impact on performance. While personalization was a significant predictor of satisfaction in the US sample, concern was a significant predictor for the Koreans. Courtesy and civility were important to both samples.Practical implications – Customer satisfaction is strongly influenced by employee behavior. To ensure success in international markets, .
Diabetic muscle infarction with complications

Introduction: Diabetic muscle infarction (DMI) is a rare complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that is often misdiagnosed. We report a case of diabetic muscle infarction and discuss diagnostic testing and treatment modalities to avoid complications. Case Report: A 50­year­old male presented with spontaneous left thigh swelling for five days. He had several previous episodes in the contralateral side with recurrent admissions. His past medical history consisted of poorly controlled type 2 DM on insulin therapy, end stage renal diseases on hemodialysis and hypothyroidism. Physical examination revealed a tight, warm, erythematous and tender left thigh. Laboratory examination showed white blood cell count 1.23x10 4 /µL with neutrophilia; hemoglobin 10.7 g/L, hematocrit 32.3%, alkaline phosphatase 792 U/L, creatinine 5.94 mg/dL and glucose 455 mg/dL. Venous ultrasound of left lower extremity revealed deep vein thrombosis in the mid left femoral vein however, venogram was negative. Compartment syndrome was considered and fasciotomy with biopsy was performed. Subsequently the patient worsened which lead to multiple re­interventions. After reviewing medical records from both our hospital and from other facilities, a diagnosis of DMI was established. Muscle biopsy supported this, revealing active macrophage infiltration with areas of necrosis. Treatment is conservative with pain management, rest and proper glycemic control. Surgical intervention is not necessary as it increases morbidity. Conclusion: Although rare, DMI is a serious and potentially disabling complication of uncontrolled DM which continues to be under­ diagnosed. Recognizing DMI more efficiently could prevent the patient from undergoing numerous, unnecessary diagnostic procedures, and medical or surgical interventions which in turn can result in more harm than good for the patient.
Technological variety in innovation systems: the role of actors, networks, resources and institutions

This research aims to show how attributes of subsidized innovation projects of collaborating actors within an innovation system are related to the extent a projects adds to technological variety. We assume that within the innovation system, different technological varieties can be distinguished at different places in the system. These places are often collaborative innovation projects, that can be supported by government subsidies to overcome network failure. We conceptualize the innovation system to consist of an institutional environment with networks of collaborating actors in which resources are exchanged. These elements are used to predict technological variety of a project. Empirically, we study the Dutch technological innovation system around biogas technology. Our results show that regulative institutions in the form of project subsidies that stimulate collaboration contribute to technological variety. However, the more projects are related to each other through shared actors, the less likely they are to contribute to technological variety. Finally, more diversity of actors and resources contributes to technological variety, while including more partners in a project is negatively related to technological variety.
VARIABEL-VARIABEL YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRAKTIK PERATAAN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG PUBLIK

This research is conducted to analyze the influence of public ownership, firm size, profitability, industrial sector, audit quality and financial leverage toward income smoothing practice among manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample of this research consisting of 235 data that have been listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during period 2007 until 2011 that have been selected by using purposive sampling method. The hypothesis were tested by using binary logistic regression. The empirical result indicates that profitability and audit quality have a positive effect on income smoothing. However, this study doesn’t show any influence among public ownership, firm size, industrial sector and financial leverage toward income smoothing practice.
A dual polarized all metal wideband vivaldi array with wide scan ability

A wideband dual-polarized Vivaldi antenna with 60 degree scan capability is presented with full wave analysis results. Several mechanical criteria are satisfied in order to make the antenna fabrication very easy and affordable using EDM technique in 3 axes. The antenna active input impedance and active polarization isolation are also optimized to prevent losses due to polarization to polarization coupling.
Corporate Governance and Firm Performance: An Analysis of Family and Non-family Controlled Firms

The aim of this study is to scrutinise the impact of corporate governance mechanism on the performance of family and non-family controlled firms in Pakistan. It has been found that a corporate governance structure influences the performance of both family and non-family controlled companies significantly. However all corporate governance mechanisms are not significant as the significant variables differ between family and non-family controlled companies. Thus, regulators need to be cautious in setting codes for different companies.
Deblurring algorithms accounting for the finite detector size in photoacoustic tomography

Abstract. Most reconstruction algorithms for photoacoustic tomography, like back projection or time reversal, work ideally for point-like detectors. For real detectors, which integrate the pressure over their finite size, images reconstructed by these algorithms show some blurring. Iterative reconstruction algorithms using an imaging matrix can take the finite size of real detectors directly into account, but the numerical effort is significantly higher compared to the use of direct algorithms. For spherical or cylindrical detection surfaces, the blurring caused by a finite detector size is proportional to the distance from the rotation center (spin blur) and is equal to the detector size at the detection surface. In this work, we apply deconvolution algorithms to reduce this type of blurring on simulated and on experimental data. Two particular deconvolution methods are compared, which both utilize the fact that a representation of the blurred image in polar coordinates decouples pixels at different radii from the rotation center. Experimental data have been obtained with a flat, rectangular piezoelectric detector measuring signals around a plastisol cylinder containing various small photoacoustic sources with variable distance from the center. Both simulated and experimental results demonstrate a nearly complete elimination of spin blur.
Top Management Team Structure: Differential Effects by Environmental Context

Despite the extensive literature on top management team structure (demographics), disagreement persists as to whether specific aspects of team structure have, on the whole, positive or negative results for the firm. The author addresses conflicts in the literature by using several typical structural measures in different contexts.Shorter-tenured, heterogenous teams are found to provide the skills needed to address environmental complexities and will be more productive in turbulent environments because they deliver problem solving skills and new perspectives on strategic formulation and implementation processes. Longer-tenured, homogeneous teams are found to be more productive in stable environments because they will promote basic team maintenance functions (socialization, cohesion, etc.). Firms that are the most successful financially are ones that match their team structures to the environmental context over time. The results reported are unique because time, different contexts, and financial performance were combined to assess the interaction of top management teams with their environments.Surprisingly, the type of turbulence encountered in the firm's context may determine whether a specific element of team structure will be beneficial or detrimental to financial performance. Relatively high levels of constant environmental change require different team structures than unusual, disruptive change. Differences are discussed.
Is Mr Pac Man Eating Our Children? A Review of the Effect of Video Games on Children

Objective: To provide mental health professionals with an up-to-date review of the literature regarding the effects of playing video games on the well-being of children. Method: A computerized literature search of MEDLINE and PSYCHINFO of all articles written in English from 1966 to 1996 was performed. The various studies are organized into different sections. Results: Playing video games is associated with a variety of physical effects including increased metabolic and heart rate, seizures, and tendinitis. Aggressive behaviour may result from playing video games, especially among younger children. There is no direct relationship between psychopathology or academic performance and playing video games. Conclusions: Video games have some adverse effects, but they are also valuable learning tools. Research about the role of video games is inadequate. The data are also limited by the lack of long-term studies and inconsistent findings.
Day of the Week Effect in the Central and Eastern European Transition Stock Markets and Higher Moments of Security Returns

Our study examines the presence of the day-of-the-week effect anomaly in the Central and Eastern European stock markets. We consider the Romanian, Hungarian, Latvian, Czech, Russian, Slovakian, Slovenian and Polish stock markets during the period September 22, 1997 to March 29, 2002. Our results indicated that the Czech and Romanian markets have significant negative returns on Monday, while the Slovenian market has significant positive returns on Wednesday and has non-significant negative returns on Fridays. The Polish and Slovakian markets have no day-of-the week effect anomaly. We applied the GARCH -M (1,1) model to test whether the day-of-the-week effect is influenced by the stock market risk.
Efficiency in the Life Insurance Industry: What are the Efficiency Gains from Bancassurance?

The aim of this paper is to assess whether bancassurance firms outperform other life insurance companies. Cost and profit efficiency are estimated using a stochastic frontier analysis and including several firm‐specific factors to overcome possible sample heterogeneity. On the cost side, we find strong evidence in favour of bancassurance as a distribution channel. Results on the profit side suggest the need to continuously revise the product mix. Bank ownership is not found to provide any direct advantages. As a consequence, the subjects involved should carefully consider looser forms of cooperation, such as cross‐selling agreements and non‐equity strategic alliances.
Sources of effectiveness in the business‐to‐business sales organization

The significance of the search for sales organization effectiveness is underlined by the major costs represented by the field salesforce for many organizations, and it is heightened by the pressures of global competition and new challenges to develop long‐term customer relationships as the foundation for competitive and sustainable marketing strategies. A study of sales management in British companies adds to an emerging research stream by identifying certain characteristics of superior performance and effectiveness in the business‐to‐business sales organization. We find that conventional measures of salesforce size, call‐rates, costs and productivity reveal relatively little about the differences between more effective and less effective sales organizations and may be dangerously misleading. The hallmarks of effective sales organizations we found to be: balanced compensation strategy; successful salesperson characteristics, in terms of motivation, customer orientation, team orientation, and sales support orientation; high performance in the drivers of sales effectiveness, i.e. sales presentation, technical knowledge, but most particularly adaptiveness, teamwork, sales planning, and sales support; the use of behaviour‐based control approaches involving effective monitoring, directing, evaluating and rewarding activities by sales managers; and, sound organizational structures. The research findings contribute benchmarks to a powerful management agenda to be addressed by executives in pursuing sales organization effectiveness.
Standing the test of time: Outcomes of a decade of prioritizing patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, results of the UNOS natural geographic experiment

Priority is given to patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to receive liver transplants, potentially causing significant regional disparities in organ access and possibly outcomes in this population. Our aim was to assess these disparities by comparing outcomes in long waiting time regions (LWTR, regions 5 and 9) and short waiting time regions (SWTR regions 3 and 10) by analyzing the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database. We analyzed 6,160 HCC patients who received exception points in regions 3, 5, 9, and 10 from 2002 to 2012. Data from regions 5 and 9 were combined and compared to data from regions 3 and 10. Survival was studied in three patient cohorts: an intent‐to‐treat cohort, a posttransplant cohort, and a cohort examining overall survival in transplanted patients only (survival from listing to last posttransplant follow‐up). Multivariate analysis and log‐rank testing were used to analyze the data. Median time on the list in the LWTR was 7.6 months compared to 1.6 months for SWTR, with a significantly higher incidence of death on the waiting list in LWTR than in SWTR (8.4% versus 1.6%, P < 0.0001). Patients in the LWTR were more likely to receive loco‐regional therapy, to have T3 tumors at listing, and to receive expanded‐criteria donor (ECD) or donation after cardiac death (DCD) grafts than patients in the SWTR (P < 0.0001 for all). Survival was significantly better in the LWTR compared to the SWTR in all three cohorts (P < 0.0001 for all three survival points). Being listed/transplanted in an SWTR was an independent predictor of poor patient survival on multivariate analysis (P < 0.0001, hazard ratio = 1.545, 95% confidence interval 1.375‐1.736). Conclusion: This study provides evidence that expediting patients with HCC to transplant at too fast a rate may adversely affect patient outcomes. (Hepatology 2014;60:1956–1961)