Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Evolutionary Network Analysis of Crowdsourcing Research Community

Crowdsourcing is an approach to delegate a task to a large group of people, which then suggests their own solutions for the defined task. The objective of this study is to model and describe the structure of the crowdsourcing research community and topics from the social network analysis (SNA) point of view. By applying systematic review we found 493 crowdsourcing publications which were made by 1102 authors. We observed degreasing annual growth in terms of number of publications and authors, resulting leveling interest towards crowdsourcing among scholars. Collaboration within the diffuse crowdsourcing co-author network was tighten only slightly. The structure of author and keyword network differed significantly in term of number of components. Among 1050 co-authors we found 237 subgroups, while in the case of 1243 keywords we identified only 61 interlinked research themes including the substantially large main component which covered 84 per cent share of all keywords.
A Flexible Software-Based Technique for Soft Error Mitigation in Low-Cost Embedded Systems

Commercial o-the-shelf microprocessors are the core of low-cost embedded systems due to their pro- grammability and cost-eectiveness . Recent advances in electronic technologies have allowed remarkable im- provements in their performance. However, they have also made microprocessors more susceptible to tran- sient faults induced by radiation. These non-destructive events (soft errors), may cause a microprocessor to pro- duce a wrong computation result or lose control of a system with catastrophic consequences. Therefore, soft error mitigation has become a compulsory requirement for an increasing number of applications, which operate from the space to the ground level. In this context, this paper uses the concept of selective hardening, which is aimed to design reduced-overhead and exible mitiga- tion techniques. Following this concept, a novel exible version of the software-based fault recovery technique known as SWIFT-R is proposed. Our approach makes possible to select dierent registers subsets from the mi-
Design and Implementation of Airborne Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode Line/area Array Scanner in Heihe Experiment

Wide-angle infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner(WiDAS) is an airborne remote sensing instrument designed to acquire multi-angle infrared remote sensing data,which is one of the essential observation in the simultaneous remote sensing and ground-based experiment in the Heihe river basin.After a brief introduction of the research background and hardware structure,the processing algorithms and product system for WiDAS thermal data are subsequently proposed according to the characteristics of WiDAS imaging system.In the end,the radiant directionality of six typical ground objects is extracted from calibrated and georectified WiDAS data,which indicates WiDAS as a good data source for study of land surface radiant directionality in MIR and TIR band.
Model Pendidikan Di Pesantren Rakyat Al-Amin Sumberpucung Malang

System is a set of elements of education which are related and connected each other and give influence each other to achieve a certain goal. One of attempt that can be done is through developing system of Islamic Education there, while the model is a product of developing system. Focus of this research is how the model of “Rakyat Al Amin” Islamic boarding school in SumberpucungKab. Malang including some components of Islamic boarding school itself: boarding, mosque, Islamic classic books, students and kiyai. This research used study case and Analyzing data done through two steps, the first step is step with the process of collecting data in the field and step after collecting data. The result of this research shows the difference of the components of Islamic boarding school commonly and the components of Rakyat Islamic boarding school. In the reality Rakyat Islamic boarding school only has 3 components such as teaching Islamic classic book, students and kyai, but it doesn’t mean that the other components of Islamic boarding school are not important, the other components just have different function. Key word: Model of Islamic Boarding School
Cannabis Use in Adolescence: A Review of Neuroimaging Findings

Abstract Objective: Shifting policies and widespread acceptance of cannabis for medical and/or recreational purposes have fueled worries of increased cannabis initiation and use in adolescents. In particular, the adolescent period is thought to be associated with an increased susceptibility to the potential harms of repeated cannabis use, due to being a critical period for neuromaturational events in the brain. This review investigates the neuroimaging evidence of brain harms attributable to adolescent cannabis use. Methods: PubMed and Scopus searches were conducted for empirical articles that examined neuroimaging effects in both adolescent cannabis users and adult user studies that explored the effect of age at cannabis use onset on the brain. Results: We found 43 studies that examined brain effect (structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging) in adolescent cannabis users and 20 that examined the link between onset age of cannabis use and brain effects in adult users. Studies on adolescent cannabis users relative to nonusers mainly implicate frontal and parietal regions and associated brain activation in relation to inhibitory control, reward, and memory. However, studies in adults are more mixed, many of which did not observe an effect of onset age of cannabis use on brain imaging metrics. Conclusions: While there is some evidence of compromised frontoparietal structure and function in adolescent cannabis use, it remains unclear whether the observed effects are specifically attributable to adolescent onset of use or general cannabis use–related factors such as depressive symptoms. The relative contribution of adolescent onset of cannabis use and use chronicity will have to be more comprehensively examined in prospective, longitudinal studies with more rigorous measures of cannabis use (dosage, exposure, dependence, constituent compounds such as the relative cannabinoid levels).
Procalcitonin and N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide for Prognosis in Septic Acute Kidney Injury Patients Receiving Renal Replacement Therapy

Background: Sepsis is a complex clinical syndrome leading to severe sepsis and septic shock. It is very common in the intensive care unit with high mortality. Thus, judging its prognosis is extremely important. Procalcitonin (PCT) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels are commonly elevated in sepsis patients, but only a few are discussed in the septic acute kidney injury patients (AKI) who received renal replacement therapy (RRT). Our study is aimed at investigating the prognostic value of PCT and NT-proBNP in septic AKI patients who received RRT. Methods: This was a retrospective study of septic AKI patients who underwent RRT in a Chinese university hospital. All enrolled patients tested PCT and NT-proBNP at RRT initiation. PCT and NT-proBNP levels were compared between the survivors and non-survivors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the 2 biomarkers were performed for predicting in-hospital mortality. According to the median value of PCT (16.2 ng/mL) and NT-proBNP (10,271 pg/mL), patients were divided into 4 groups (low PCT and low NT-proBNP; high PCT and low NT-proBNP; low PCT and high NT-proBNP; high PCT and high NT-proBNP). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the 28-day survival rate in the 4 groups. Results: A total of 81 patients were enrolled in the study. Of which, 48 (59.3%) patients died during hospitalization. The median of NT-proBNP in non-survivors was significantly higher than in survivors (p = 0.001), while PCT had no significant difference (p = 0.412). The area under the ROC curve of PCT and NT-proBNP for predicting in-hospital mortality was 0.561 (95% CI 0.426–0.695) and 0.729 (95% CI 0.604–0.854). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that increased NT-proBNP level was associated with 28-day mortality while combined with PCT there was no statistical difference in 4 different level groups. Conclusion: NT-proBNP has a certain predictive value for the prognosis in septic AKI patients who received RRT. It seems that the initial PCT value for prognosis is limited. The combination of PCT and NT-proBNP to evaluate the prognosis in these critically ill patients is currently unclear.
Parents' Lifestyle, Sedentary Behavior, and Physical Activity in Their Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Brazil.

BACKGROUND This study investigated associations between different types of sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) in parent and their child, including the moderating effects of parent and child sex. METHODS In total, 1231 adolescents, 1202 mothers, and 871 fathers were evaluated. The SB (TV viewing + computer + video game); different types of PA (leisure-time PA, occupational PA, and total PA); and the socioeconomic level were evaluated by questionnaire. The relationship between adolescents' SB and PA with parental characteristics was estimated by linear regression. RESULTS The SB of male adolescents was correlated to the father's SB (β = 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13-0.39) and mother's SB (β = 0.18; 95% CI, 0.06-0.31). A similar relationship was observed between SB of female adolescents and the father's SB (β = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.19-0.42) and mother's SB (β = 0.29; 95% CI, 0.20-0.38]). The SB of girls was inversely related to mother's occupational PA (β = -2.62; 95% CI, -3.66 to -0.53]). The PA of the boys and girls was correlated with their fathers and mothers PA. All the results were adjusted for age and parent's socioeconomic level. CONCLUSIONS SB and PA of parents were associated with SB and PA of their children, regardless of gender. Strategies for health promotion should consider the family environment to increase PA and reduce SB.
Association of Genetic and Environmental Factors With Autism in a 5-Country Cohort.

Importance The origins and development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remain unresolved. No individual-level study has provided estimates of additive genetic, maternal, and environmental effects in ASD across several countries. Objective To estimate the additive genetic, maternal, and environmental effects in ASD. Design, Setting, and Participants Population-based, multinational cohort study including full birth cohorts of children from Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Israel, and Western Australia born between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2011, and followed up to age 16 years. Data were analyzed from September 23, 2016 through February 4, 2018. Main Outcomes and Measures Across 5 countries, models were fitted to estimate variance components describing the total variance in risk for ASD occurrence owing to additive genetics, maternal, and shared and nonshared environmental effects. Results The analytic sample included 2 001 631 individuals, of whom 1 027 546 (51.3%) were male. Among the entire sample, 22 156 were diagnosed with ASD. The median (95% CI) ASD heritability was 80.8% (73.2%-85.5%) for country-specific point estimates, ranging from 50.9% (25.1%-75.6%) (Finland) to 86.8% (69.8%-100.0%) (Israel). For the Nordic countries combined, heritability estimates ranged from 81.2% (73.9%-85.3%) to 82.7% (79.1%-86.0%). Maternal effect was estimated to range from 0.4% to 1.6%. Estimates of genetic, maternal, and environmental effects for autistic disorder were similar with ASD. Conclusions and Relevance Based on population data from 5 countries, the heritability of ASD was estimated to be approximately 80%, indicating that the variation in ASD occurrence in the population is mostly owing to inherited genetic influences, with no support for contribution from maternal effects. The results suggest possible modest differences in the sources of ASD risk between countries.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus alleviates alfalfa leaf spots caused by Phoma medicaginis revealed by RNA‐seq analysis

One of the major limitations to the production of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is the fungus Phoma medicaginis, which infects alfalfa and causes leaf spots. This study aims to understand alfalfa’s response to P. medicaginis infection, the colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) and the effect of AMF on plant–pathogen interactions.
Is Scientific Medical Literature Related to Endometriosis Treatment Evidence-Based? A Systematic Review on Methodological Quality of Randomized Clinical Trials

Background and objectives: Informed decision-making requires the ability to identify and integrate high-quality scientific evidence in daily practice. We aimed to assess whether randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on endometriosis therapy follow methodological criteria corresponding to the RCTs’ specific level in the hierarchy of evidence in such details to allow the reproduction and replication of the study. Materials and Methods: Using the keywords “therapy” and “endometriosis” and “efficacy” three bibliographic databases were searched for English written scientific articles published from 1 January 2008 to 3 March 2018. Only the randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were evaluated in terms of whether they provided the appropriate level of scientific evidence, equivalent to level 1, degree 1b in the hierarchy of evidence. A list of criteria to ensure study replication and reproduction, considering CONSORT guideline and MECIR standards, was developed and used to evaluate RCTs’ methodological soundness, and scores were granted. Three types of bias, namely selection bias (random sequence generation and allocation concealment), detection bias (blinding of outcome assessment), and attrition bias (incomplete outcome data) were also evaluated. Results: We found 387 articles on endometriosis therapy, of which 38 were RCTs: 30 double-blinded RCTs and 8 open-label RCTs. No article achieved the maximum score according to the evaluated methodological criteria. Even though 73.3% of the double-blinded RCTs had clear title, abstract, introduction, and objectives, only 13.3% provided precise information regarding experimental design and randomization, and also showed a low risk of bias. The blinding method was poorly reported in 43.3% of the double-blinded RCTs, while allocation concealment and random sequence generation were inadequate in 33.3% of them. Conclusions: None of the evaluated RCTs met all the methodological criteria, none had only a low risk of bias and provided sufficient details on methods and randomization to allow for the reproduction and replication of the study. Consequently, the appropriate level of scientific evidence (level 1, degree 1b) could not be granted. On endometriosis therapy, this study evaluated the quality of reporting in RCTs and not the quality of how the studies were performed.
An in silico approach towards identification of virulence factors in red complex pathogens targeted by reserpine

Abstract Oral cavity hosts an exhaustive collection of microorganisms which are known to be associated with disease such as dental caries, periodontal and deep-seated infections. Elimination of these pathogens from the site of infection remains a perplexing task, which demands the use of antibiotics. The emergence of drug resistant forms has spurred interest into identifying novel therapeutic targets against these pathogens. In this context, the present study has been designed to analyse and identify potential drug targets of the phytocompound reserpine in red complex pathogens. Computational tools were used to identify the targets, assess its functional role and virulence property. Further, the peptide epitopes present in the virulence factors were identified using BepiPred tool. The subcellular location of the virulence proteins were also elucidated using PSORTb. Reserpine was found to target vital protein transporters such as ABC transporter and efflux pumps which are known to play a crucial role in the survival of bacterial cells. Hence the present in silico study provides substantial evidence on the anti-bacterial activity of reserpine against red complex pathogens. However, in vitro studies using the compound is warranted to further confirm the efficacy of the compound. Graphical Abstract
Comorbidities and Survival in Patients with Lipodystrophy: An International Chart Review Study.

CONTEXT Limited natural history data are available in patients with non-HIV-related lipodystrophy syndromes who never received disease-specific therapies, making interpretation of benefits of novel therapies in lipodystrophy syndromes challenging. OBJECTIVE We assessed the natural history of non-HIV-related generalized lipodystrophy (GL) and partial lipodystrophy (PL) in patients who have never received leptin or other lipodystrophy-specific therapies. DESIGN/SETTING/PATIENTS We conducted an international chart review of 230 patients with confirmed GL or PL at five treatment centers who never received leptin or other lipodystrophy-specific therapies. Patients were observed from birth to loss to follow-up, death, or date of chart abstraction. OUTCOME MEASURES Lifetime prevalence of diabetes/insulin resistance and select organ abnormalities, and time to diabetes/insulin resistance, first organ abnormality, disease progression, and mortality were described. RESULTS Diabetes/insulin resistance was identified in 58.3% of patients. Liver abnormalities were the most common organ abnormality (71.7%), followed by kidney (40.4%), heart (30.4%), and pancreatitis (13.0%). Kaplan-Meier estimates of mean (SE) time to first organ abnormality were 7.7 years (0.9) in GL and 16.1 years (1.5) in PL (P < 0.001). Mean time to diabetes/insulin resistance was 12.7 years (1.2) GL and 19.1 years (1.7) in PL (P = 0.131). Mean time to disease progression was 7.6 years (0.8) and comparable between GL and PL subgroups (P = 0.393). Mean time to death was 51.2 years (3.5) in GL and 66.6 years (1.0) in PL (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This large-scale study provides comprehensive, long-term data across multiple countries on the natural history of non-HIV-related lipodystrophy.
Perceptions of Information and Communication Technology as Support for Family Members of Persons With Heart Failure: Qualitative Study

Background Heart failure (HF) affects not only the person diagnosed with the syndrome but also family members, who often have the role of informal carers. The needs of these carers are not always met, and information and communications technology (ICT) could have the potential to support them in their everyday life. However, knowledge is lacking about how family members perceive ICT and see opportunities for this technology to support them. Objective The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of ICT solutions as supportive aids among family members of persons with HF. Methods A qualitative design was applied. A total of 8 focus groups, comprising 23 family members of persons affected by HF, were conducted between March 2015 and January 2017. Participants were recruited from 1 hospital in Sweden. A purposeful sampling strategy was used to find family members of persons with symptomatic HF from diverse backgrounds. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results The analysis revealed 4 categories and 9 subcategories. The first category, about how ICT could provide relevant support, included descriptions of how ICT could be used for communication with health care personnel, for information and communication retrieval, plus opportunities to interact with persons in similar life situations and to share support with peers and extended family. The second category, about how ICT could provide access, entailed how ICT could offer solutions not bound by time or place and how it could be both timely and adaptable to different life situations. ICT could also provide an arena for family members to which they might not otherwise have had access. The third category concerned how ICT could be too impersonal and how it could entail limited personal interaction and individualization, which could lead to concerns about usability. It was emphasized that ICT could not replace physical meetings. The fourth category considered how ICT could be out of scope, reflecting the fact that some family members were generally uninterested in ICT and had difficulties envisioning how it could be used for support. It was also discussed as more of a solution for the future. Conclusions Family members described multiple uses for ICT and agreed that ICT could provide access to relevant sources of information from which family members could potentially exchange support. ICT was also considered to have its limitations and was out of scope for some but with expected use in the future. Even though some family members seemed hesitant about ICT solutions in general, this might not mean they are unreceptive to suggestions about their usage in, for example, health care. Thus, a variety of factors should be considered to facilitate future implementations of ICT tools in clinical practice.
IL-4/IL-4R and IL-6/IL-6R genetic variations and gastric cancer risk in the Chinese population.

OBJECTIVE The IL-4/IL-4R and IL-6/IL-6R signaling pathways are involved in immune response and play roles in gastric carcinogenesis. To investigate the association between IL-4/IL-4R and IL-6/IL-6R genetic variations and gastric cancer risk, and their prognostic values, we performed a case-control study. The genotypes of the genetic variations were detected using a Mass-array platform. The Helicobacter pylori infection status was determined using a commercial H. pylori immunogold testing kit. We found that the IL-6 rs1800796 G allele was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer (GG vs. CC: ORadjusted = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.33-3.63; GG/CG vs. CC: ORadjusted = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.09-1.82). The stratified analysis showed that rs1800796 G allele carriers (GG/CG) were associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer in the following subgroups: age >64 years old (ORadjusted = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.17-2.39), female (ORadjusted = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.09-3.05), positive for H. pylori infection (ORadjusted = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.07-2.22), non-cardiac gastric cancer (ORadjusted = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.15-2.04), stage T3-T4 tumor (ORadjusted = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.06-1.88), and gastric cancer with median to high differentiation (ORadjusted = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.08-1.96). None of the genetic variations were associated with overall survival. In short, we concluded that the IL-6 rs1800796 GG genotype is a risk factor for gastric cancer and that rs1800796 G allele carriers have an increased risk of gastric cancer; this association was stronger in individuals that were >64 years old, female, or positive for H. pylori infection. None of the genetic variations were associated with gastric cancer prognosis.
Neuronal input triggers Ca2+ influx through AMPA receptors and voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels in oligodendrocytes

Communication between neurons and developing oligodendrocytes (OLs) leading to OL Ca2+ rise is critical for axon myelination and OL development. Here, we investigate signaling factors and sources of Ca2+ rise in OLs in the mouse brainstem. Glutamate puff or axon fiber stimulation induces a Ca2+ rise in pre‐myelinating OLs, which is primarily mediated by Ca2+‐permeable AMPA receptors. During glutamate application, inward currents via AMPA receptors and elevated extracellular K+ caused by increased neuronal activity collectively lead to OL depolarization, triggering Ca2+ influx via P/Q‐ and L‐type voltage‐gated Ca2+ (Cav) channels. Thus, glutamate is a key signaling factor in dynamic communication between neurons and OLs that triggers Ca2+ transients via AMPARs and Cav channels in developing OLs. The results provide a mechanism for OL Ca2+ dynamics in response to neuronal input, which has implications for OL development and myelination.