Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MDMA enhances emotional empathy and prosocial behavior Running title : MDMA enhances empathy and prosociality

Psychopharmacology Research Group, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Departments of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Laboratory for Biological and Personality Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom and Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria; Experimental and Clinical Pharmacopsychology, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Switzerland
On the importance of slight nuances in evolutionary scenario

he aim of our original comment to Marzluff et al.’s(1996) paper was to reveal some of the problems withtheir claim that the data show that raven roosts functionas information centres sensu Ward & Zahavi’s (1973)information centre hypothesis (ICH). We also pointedout that their findings are compatible with the predic-tions from the recruitment centre hypothesis (RCH;Richner & Heeb 1995, 1996) and a few other hypotheses,which in itself, is sufficient for not accepting their claim.In their reply, Marzluff & Heinrich (2001) make threemain points.First, Marzluff & Heinrich (2001) use a stark misrepre-sentation of the Ward & Zahavi (1973) paper. Ward &Zahavi (1973, page 532) make clear that the ICH is afunctional and thus ultimate evolutionary explanation ofcommunal behaviour by stating ‘evidence is presented tosupport the hypothesis that communal roosts, breedingcolonies and certain other bird assemblages have beenevolved
Regression kriging as a workhorse in the digital soil mapper ' s toolbox ☆

Appropriate scale, justifiably reliable, categorical and continuous spatial soil information is urgently needed to address environmental problems and ensure sustainability of ecosystem services at local, regional and global scales. Regression Kriging (RK) is one of the most popular, practical and robust hybrid spatial interpolation techniques in the digital soil mapper's toolbox that enables the modeling of soil distribution patterns at multiple scales in space and time. Several theoretical and applied aspects of RK have been discussed; however, there are no review studies, which quantify the essential factors affecting the performance of RK. Materials for this review were gathered from high-quality international soil science journals: Catena, Geoderma, and Soil Science Society of America from 2004 to 2014. A total of 142 different models from 40 different articles were examined. The following criteria were considered to evaluate their impacts on the prediction efficiency of RK: i) soil geographic region, ii) area of extent, iii) spatial resolution, iv) target soil properties and/or classes v) sampling design, vi) sampling size and density, vii) sample depth viii) soil-environmental factors as predictors, ix) methods of transformation, x) factor analysis, xi) regression type, xii) model used for variogram, xiii) nugget to total sill ratio, xiv) spatial autocorrelation range, xv) coefficient of variation of observed dataset, xvi) evaluation method (note that in previous publications the term ‘validation’ has been used extensively in publications in pedometrics) and xvii) coefficient of determination. The historical development of RK, limitations and strengths of current RK studies, research gaps, and future trends in RK are discussed. A major finding is the inverse relationship between the accuracy of RK models and the variation of soil properties in the original datasets. Novel modified RK methods are proposed for further investigation to predict soil properties and classes.
The Effects of Desiccation and Climatic Change on the Hydrology of the Aral Sea

Abstract Anthropogenic desiccation of the Aral Sea between 1960 and the mid-1990s resulted in a substantial modification of the land surface that changed air temperature in the surrounding region. During the desiccation interval, the net annual rate of precipitation minus evaporation (P − E) over the Aral Sea’s surface became more negative by ∼15%, with the greatest changes occurring during the summer months. In addition, Aral Sea surface temperatures (SST) increased by up to 5°C in the spring and summer and decreased by up to 4°C in the fall and winter. A series of coupled regional climate–lake model experiments were completed to evaluate if the observed hydrologic changes are caused by desiccation or instead reflect larger-scale climatic variability or change, or some combination of both. If the P − E changes are the result of desiccation, then a positive feedback exists that has amplified the anthropogenic perturbation to the hydrologic system. The effects of desiccation are examined by varying the sim.
Environmental Geochemistry and Health Potentially harmful elements in house dust from Estarreja , Portugal : characterization and genotoxicity of the bioaccessible fraction

Abstract: Due to their behavioral characteristics, young children are vulnerable to the ingestion of indoor dust, often contaminated with chemicals that are potentially harmful. Exposure to potentially harmful elements (PHEs) is currently exacerbated by their widespread use in several industrial, agricultural, domestic and technological applications. PHEs cause adverse health effects on immune and nervous systems, and can lead to cancer development via genotoxic mechanisms. The present study is an integrated approach that aims at assessing the genotoxicity of bioaccessible PHEs following ingestion of contaminated house dust. A multidisciplinary methodology associating chemical characterization of five house dust samples, extraction of the bioaccessible PHEs in gastric extracts by the Unified BARGE Method, determination of the bioaccessible fraction and in vitro genotoxicity of gastric extracts in adenocarcinoma gastric human (AGS) cells was developed. The five gastric extracts induced dose-dependent genotoxicity in AGS cells. Copper (bioaccessible concentration up to 111 mg/kg) was probably the prevalent PHE inducing primary DNA damage (up to 5.1-fold increase in tail DNA at 0.53 g/L of gastric extract). Lead (bioaccessible concentration up to 245 mg/kg) was the most prevalent
Uses of ERP systems and their influence on controllership functions in Brazilian Companies

Controllership and Information Technology provide ways for companies to adapt to the competitive context of business environments. As such, the aim of this research is to identify and analyze the impacts of ERP systems on Controllership functions, verifying the relationships between the use of solutions and possible improvements in such functions. The need for management control and operations control were observed. This research is descriptive and exploratory of the survey kind. The subjects mentioned in this research are managers involved in Controllership activities in large companies from the Auto Parts sector in the State of Sao Paulo. The data obtained through a questionnaire by non-probabilistic samples were analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics. According to the subjects, ERP systems modify Controllership functions and better serve the control needs of the operations. The results showed problems to be overcome in management control.
AGN–starburst connection in NGC 7582: Gemini near-infrared spectrograph integral field unit observations

We analyse two-dimensional near-infrared K-band spectra from the inner 660 × 315 pc 2 of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 7582 obtained with the Gemini near-infrared spectrograph integral field unit at a spatial resolution of ≈50 pc and spectral resolving power R ≈ 5900. The nucleus harbours an unresolved source well reproduced by a blackbody of temperature T ≈ 1050 K, which we attribute to emission by circumnuclear dust located closer than 25 pc from the nucleus, with a total mass of ≈3 × 10 −3 M� . Surrounding the nucleus, we observe a ring of active star formation, apparently in the Galactic plane, with a radius of ≈190 pc, an age of ≈5 Myr and a total mass of ionized gas of ≈3 × 10 6 M� . The radiation of the young stars in the ring accounts for at least 80 per cent of the ionization observed in the Brγ emitting gas, the remaining being due to the radiation emitted by the active nucleus. The stellar kinematics was derived using the CO absorption band at 2.29 μm and reveals: (i) a distorted rotation pattern in the radial velocity field with kinematic centre apparently displaced from the nuclear source by a few tens of parsec; (ii) a high-velocity dispersion in the bulge of σ ∗ = 170 km s −1 and (iii) a partial ring of σ ∗ = 50 km s −1 , located close to the Brγ emitting ring, but displaced by ≈50 pc towards the nucleus, interpreted as due to stars formed from cold gas in a previous burst of star formation. The kinematics of the ionized gas shows a similar rotation pattern to that of the stars, plus a blueshifted component with velocities ≥ 100 km s −1 interpreted as due to an outflow along the ionization cone, which was partially covered by our observations. The mass outflow rate in the ionized gas was estimated as u
Surface PM2.5 Estimate Using Satellite-Derived Aerosol Optical Depth over India

ABSTRACT Concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) that exceed air quality standards affect human health and have an impact on the earth’s radiation budget. The lack of round the clock ground-based observations from a dense network of air quality stations inhibits the understanding of PM2.5’s spatio-temporal variability and the assessment of its health and climate effects. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) values retrieved from satellite based instruments can be used to derive surface PM2.5 concentrations. This study integrates Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) AOD retrievals and simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) to determine the ground-level PM2.5 concentrations at a 36 km resolution across India. WRF-Chem simulations provide the factor relating the AOD with the PM2.5. Satellite-derived PM2.5 mass concentrations are compared with the available ground-based observations across India for the year of 2011. The results show a correlation between the satellite-derived monthly PM2.5 estimates and the ground-based observations for 15 stations in India with coefficients of 77% and diurnal scale coefficients varying from 0.45 to 0.75. The best estimations of PM2.5 mass concentrations on a spatio-temporal scale across India address various environmental issues.
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Caused by House Cricket, Acheta domesticus

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is characterized by extensive interstitial lung inflammation primarily driven by activated T lymphocytes in response to exogenous antigens. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether chronic exposure to Acheta domesticus commonly known as house cricket was the underlying cause of HP in a 63 year old patient. HP was diagnosed by the history, spirometry high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest, bronchoalveolar lavage and trans-bronchial biopsy. Ouchterlony double diffusion assay, direct ELISA and Western blotting were used to detect immuno-reactive precipitins/antigens and anti-cricket antibodies. Mass spectrometry was used to identify the major putative antigens. T cell-mediated response to cricket antigens was assessed by in vitro cytokine production assays. HRCT showed extensive bilateral and ground glass opacification throughout the lungs with some sparing at the bases, while bronchoalveolar lavage showed lymphocyte predominant leukocyte infiltration. A lung biopsy showed diffuse chronic interstitial inflammation with poorly defined granulomas consisting lymphocytes and occasional giant cells. There were high titer antibodies against cricket protein extracts and specific antigen-antibody precipitins. Western blotting showed 4 specific immuno-reactive bands. Tryptic peptide digest and mass spectrometry revealed arginine kinase as a potential antigen. Multistep chromatography enriched cricket arginine kinase induced strong in-vitro interferon-γ response by PBMC obtained from the patient but not in other cricket-exposed and non-exposed healthy control subjects. This is the first study to report a case of subacute HP in response to prolonged exposure to house cricket antigens.
Capacity Choice in a Private Duopoly: A Unilateral Externality Case

This paper studies capacity choice in a quantity-setting and price-setting private duopoly with differentiated goods wherein either of two firms has a price-raising effect on the price level of the product of the opponent firm. In both quantity-setting and price-setting competition, whether the price-raising effect of the product of one firm on the price level of the other firm’s product is strong or weak strictly depends on the differences between the quantities and capacity levels of both firms. More precisely, in the quantity-setting competition, when the price-raising effect is sufficiently strong, both firms choose under-capacity, whereas when such an effect is sufficiently weak, both firms choose overcapacity. Furthermore, in the price-setting competition, when the price-raising effect is sufficiently strong, both firms choose over-capacity, whereas when such an effect is sufficiently weak, both firms choose under-capacity. Therefore, the presence of the price-raising effect as the unilateral externality strikingly changes the difference between each firm’s quantity and capacity level in the contexts of both the quantity-setting competition and the price competition in a private duopoly with differentiated goods.
Comparisons of Ice Cloud Parameters Obtained by Combined Remote Sensor Retrievals and Direct Methods

Abstract Ice cloud microphysical parameters derived from a remote sensing method that uses ground-based measurements from the Environmental Technology Laboratory’s Ka-band radar and an IR radiometer are compared to those obtained from aircraft sampling for the cirrus priority event from the FIRE-II experiment. Aircraft cloud samples were taken not only by traditional two-dimensional probes but also by using a new video sampler to account for small particles. The cloud parameter comparisons were made for time intervals when aircraft were passing approximately above ground-based instruments that were pointed vertically. Comparing characteristic particle sizes expressed in terms of median mass diameters of equal-volume spheres yielded a relative standard deviation of about 30%. The corresponding standard deviation for the cloud ice water content comparisons was about 55%. Such an agreement is considered good given uncertainties of both direct and remote approaches and several orders of magnitude in natural v.
Characterization of polar organic components in fine aerosols in the southeastern United States : Identity, origin, and evolution

[1] Filter samples of fine aerosols collected in the Southeastern United States in June 2004 were analyzed for the characterization of polar organic components. Four analytical techniques, liquid chromatography –mass spectrometry, ion trap mass spectrometry, laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry, and high-resolution mass spectrometry, were used for identification and quantification. Forty distinct species were detected, comprising on average 7.2% and 1.1% of the total particulate organic mass at three inland sites and a coastal site, respectively. The relative abundance of these species displays a rather consistent distribution pattern in the inland region, whereas a different pattern is found at the coastal site. Chemical and correlation analyses suggest that the detected species are secondary in nature and originate from terpene oxidation, with possible participation of NOx and SO2. It is estimated that polar, acidic components in fine aerosols in the Southeastern United States cover a molecular weight range of 150–400 Da and do not appear to be oligomeric. Other components with MW up to 800 Da may also be present. The detected polar organic species are similar to humic-like substances (HULIS) commonly found in fine aerosols in other rural areas. We present the first, direct evidence that atmospheric processing of biogenic emissions can lead to the formation of certain HULIS species in fine aerosols, and that this may be a typical pathway in the background atmosphere in continental regions; nevertheless, a natural source for HULIS, such as from aquatic and/or terrestrial humic/fulvic acids and their degradation products, cannot be precluded.
Antibacterial activity of lysozyme in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

The ability of biocontrol agents to overcome the immune defense of pests is a crucial issue. This is the first study of lyso- zyme activity as an inducible humoral component of the defense of Schistocerca gregaria, which depends on the recognition of the elicitor molecules of pathogens and not on epidermal wounding or a spiking effect. The level of lysozyme activity in fat body, hae- mocytes and haemolymph plasma of naive and immunologically challenged 5 th instar S. gregaria was evaluated using the zone of inhibition test against Micrococcus lysodeikticus. Various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as peptidoglycans (PGN) and lipopolysacchrides (LPS) of bacterial cell walls induce and increase in the level of lysozyme activity. Escherichia coli induced an increase in the level of activity of lysozyme in the fat body, haemocytes and plasma, but not in mid gut epithelium, 6-12 h after an immunological challenge and then it decreased to the constitutive level after 72 h. This study revealed that in S. gregaria there is a constitutive and a bacteria-inducible level of lysozyme activity, which protects it against infection by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
TYPE II CEPHEID CANDIDATES. IV. OBJECTS FROM THE NORTHERN SKY VARIABILITY SURVEY

We have obtained VR photometry of 447 Cepheid variable star candidates with declinations north of −14°30′, most of which were identified using the Northern Sky Variability Survey (NSVS) data archive. Periods and other photometric properties were derived from the combination of our data with the NSVS data. Atmospheric parameters were determined for 81 of these stars from low-resolution spectra. The identification of type II Cepheids based on the data presented in all four papers in this series is discussed. On the basis of spectra, 30 type II Cepheids were identified while 53 variables were identified as cool, main sequence stars and 283 as red giants following the definitions in Paper III. An additional 30 type II Cepheids were identified on the basis of light curves. The present classifications are compared with those from the Machine-learned All Sky Automated Survey Classification Catalog for 174 stars in common.
Kinematics of recreational runners with iliotibial band injury

According to the literature, the risk of developing iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) is related to the running technique of each runner. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether differences exist in the running technique of runners with ITBS and healthy runners. The sample was composed of 60 recreational runners (30 healthy runners and 30 with ITBS). A 3D kinematic analysis was performed to measure 3D joint angles of the lower limb. Reaction forces in the stance phase of running were also determined. Runners in the ITBS group exhibited significantly lower contact time, knee valgus, peak knee flexion and hip rotation. Of note, gender-based differences were observed. No differences were found between groups in hip adduction angle, tibial internal rotation and foot kinematics. The runners with current ITBS showed an altered kinematic profile. Male and female runners with ITBS showed different alterations in running kinematics. These results suggest that gender should be considered when investigating the biomechanical etiology of ITBS.
Two Shades of Opacity: Hidden Orders versus Dark Trading

This paper investigates two distinct ways in which traders can hide their trading intentions: (1) hidden orders on lit trading venues and (2) completely dark trading venues. Using a detailed high-frequency dataset, we find that dark trading and hidden order trading are substitutes. However, dark trading appears to be a better substitute for hidden order trading than the other way around. Furthermore, a number of market conditions differently affect hidden orders and dark trading. In particular, hidden order trading is preferred over dark trading on high volume days, when visible depth is small, the quoted spread is narrow and fewer traders employ smart order routers. Algorithmic trading is negatively related to both types of opaque trading. These findings have implications for regulation aimed at curbing dark trading activity, since hidden orders do not offer an adequate opaque alternative.
Labor Force Participation of Women in the EU – What Role Do Family Policies Play?

We empirically study the role of different family policies in determining women´s labor market behavior in the countries of the European Union between 1997 and 2008. Women tend to assume more family duties than men and, consequently, often participate less in the labor market. At the same time, family policies are to provide support to families while also helping women to reconcile family duties with labor market participation. Their impact, however, is not clear, especially when it comes to different forms of labor market activity. We use a static and dynamic panel econometric framework examining the link between four types of family policies and labor force participation and (part-time and full-time) employment. The results suggest no stable significant impact of any on overall labor force, but higher spending on family allowance, cash benefits daycare benefits appears to promote part-time employment, whereas only spending on parental leave schemes is a significant determinant of women's full-time employment.
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Re-establish Cell Integrity Checkpoints and Apoptosis Competence in Irradiated HaCat Cells via Novel Redox-Independent Activity

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) are potent radical scavengers protecting cells from oxidative insults, including ionizing radiation. Here we show that CNPs prevent X-ray-induced oxidative imbalance reducing DNA breaks on HaCat keratinocytes, nearly abating mutagenesis. At the same time, and in spite of the reduced damage, CNPs strengthen radiation-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis outcome, dropping colony formation; notably, CNPs do not possess any intrinsic toxicity toward non-irradiated HaCat, indicating that they act on damaged cells. Thus CNPs, while exerting their antioxidant action, also reinforce the stringency of damage-induced cell integrity checkpoints, promoting elimination of the “tolerant” cells, being in fact radio-sensitizers. These two contrasting pathways are mediated by different activities of CNPs: indeed Sm-doped CNPs, which lack the Ce3+/Ce4+ redox switch and the correlated antioxidant action, fail to decrease radiation-induced superoxide formation, as expected, but surprisingly maintain the radio-sensitizing ability and the dramatic decrease of mutagenesis. The latter is thus attributable to elimination of damaged cells rather than decreased oxidative damage. This highlights a novel redox-independent activity of CNPs, allowing selectively eliminating heavily damaged cells through non-toxic mechanisms, rather reactivating endogenous anticancer pathways in transformed cells.