Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coronary Calcium Score in Renal Transplant Recipients

Background: Coronary calcium score (CCS) is established as an index for the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of this prospective study was to assess changes in CCS in patients 1 year after kidney transplantation (KTx). Method: A total of 221 consecutive renal transplant recipients were enrolled in our prospective study (140 males/81 females). CCS was analyzed by spiral multidetector CT at baseline and 1 year after KTx. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in the lumbar spine (L-BMD) and femur (F-BMD). Results: The mean CCS was 539 ± 1,033 at baseline. 33% of the patients had a CCS of 0, and 33% of patients had a CCS of >401. A negative correlation was found between F-BMD and CCS, but no correlation was found between L-BMD and CCS. Using CCS, a positive correlation was found between total cholesterol and the age of patients, but no correlation of CCS was found with other biochemical markers of bone and lipid metabolism. One year after transplantation, the mean CCS was 703 ± 1,253; in 75% of patients the CCS was the same and 25% had a higher CCS. Conclusion: A high risk of CHD was found in 33% of renal graft recipients. No improvement in CCS was found 1 year after KTx.
Basic Endoscopic Findings — Normal and Pathological Findings

Since its inception, colonoscopy has evolved to become the cornerstone for colorectal imaging. The increasing indications for endoscopic evaluation and potential therapeutic intervention parallels technological advances and the expanding diagnostic and thera‐ peutic capabilities of colonoscopy. The diagnostic and therapeutic yield of colonoscopy is highly user dependent. Thus, it is essential for the clinical endoscopist to perform a thor‐ ough endoscopic evaluation and be cognizant of normal and pathologic findings. This re‐ view details normal and pathologic endoscopic findings in a variety of disease states that are often encountered by the clinical endoscopist including colon polyps, inflammatory bowel disease, and infectious and non-infectious colitides. In addition, we review the di‐ agnostic and therapeutic role of colonoscopy in the evaluation of an acute lower gastroin‐ testinal bleed.
Running Head: Genetic variability in the Eurasian Stone-curlew A first assessment of the genetic variability in the Eurasian Stone-curlew Burhinus oedicnemus

1 Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via A. Volta 6, I-56126, Pisa, Italy 2 Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi – CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy 3 Dipartimento di Biologia Evoluzionistica “Leo Pardi”, Università di Firenze, Via Romana 17, I50125, Firenze, Italy 4 Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali, Università di Catania, Via Androne 81, I-95124, Catania, Italy 5 Higher Institute of Applied Biological Sciences, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia 6 Servicio de Biodiversidad, Gobierno de Canarias, Edf. Servicios Múltiples II, 4a planta, E-35071, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
The Contribution of Molecular Techniques in Prenatal Diagnosis and Post mortem Fetus with Multiple Malformation

The development of conventional cytogenetic techniques in the 50’s leaded to a rapid increase of the knowledge on the etiology of malformation syndromes, being chromosomal anomalies reported as the most common genetic condition in humans (Pena, 1998). Around 2-3% of newborns may have congenital malformations, and from those, just 20% have an established etiology (genetic or environmental), being 80% of these multifactorial or unknown (Stevenson & Hall, 2006). But this is only the tip of the iceberg, as probably half of the human concepts may have some kind of chromosomal defect (A. Boue & J. Boue, 1973), indicating that cytogenetic analysis is fundamental for the investigation of these cases. Since the 70’s, prenatal diagnosis for detecting cytogenetic abnormalities has become a routine procedure in many countries, and an important tool for the prevention of birth of handicapped children (A. Milunsky & J. Milunsky, 1998). Cytogenetic analysis is an important component of invasive prenatal diagnosis as chromosomal abnormalities are detected in about 1 in 200 newborns and constitute a major cause of mental retardation and congenital malformations (Shaffer & Lupski, 2000). Microscopic chromosome analysis of cultured cells has been regarded as the gold standard method for prenatal diagnosis, since its first application to prenatal testing in 1966 by Steele and Breg (Steele & Breg, 1966) and the routine use of chromosome banding analysis in 1970s. Karyotyping has proved to be highly reliable for diagnosis of numerical chromosome abnormalities and structural rearrangements in fetal cells obtained invasively by either amniocentesis in the second trimester of pregnancy, or chorionic villus sampling (CVS) in the first trimester, since the early 1980s. The diagnostic accuracy of karyotyping fetal cells from cultured amniotic fluid (AF) has been found to be 99.4%-99.8%, and that of CVS 97.5-99.6%. However, the main limitation of karyotyping is the requirement of a cell culture, resulting in a period of 10-14 days for obtaining the final results (Bui, 2007). Furthermore, the success of cell culture depends on many factors: very good laboratory conditions for tissue culture, technician’s experience, and satisfactory cell growth with good quality of metaphases. Unfortunately, due to failure in one of these steps the whole process becomes jeopardized.
Letramentos sociais: abordagens críticas do letramento no desenvolvimento, na etnografia e na educação

O presente trabalho e uma resenha da obra de Street (2014) “Letramentos sociais: abordagens criticas do letramento no desenvolvimento, na etnografia e na educacao”, busca desenvolver abordagens alternativas que facam uma critica as concepcoes de letramento como algo universal. Representa uma tendencia que vem considerando o letramento e suas praticas associadas, numa perspectiva mais ampla, enfocando mais a natureza social da leitura e da escrita, bem como o seu carater transcultural.
cDNA CLONING AND SEQUENCING OF OSTRICH GROWTH HORMONE

In recent years, industrial breeding of ostrich (Struthio camelus) has been widely developed in Iran. Growth hormone (GH) is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth and cell reproduction in different animals. The aim of this study was to clone and sequence the ostrich growth hormone gene in E. coli, done for the first time in Iran. The cDNA that encodes ostrich growth hormone was isolated from total mRNA of the pituitary gland and amplified by RT-PCR using GH specific PCR primers. Then GH cDNA was cloned by T/A cloning technique and the construct was transformed into E. coli. Finally, GH cDNA sequence was submitted to the GenBank (Accession number: JN559394). The results of present study showed that GH cDNA was successfully cloned in E. coli. Sequencing confirmed that GH cDNA was cloned and that the length of ostrich GH cDNA was 672 bp; BLAST search showed that the sequence of growth hormone cDNA of the ostrich from Iran has 100% homology with other records existing in GenBank.
Science and Mathematics Teacher Candidates’ Environmental Knowledge, Awareness, Behavior and Attitudes

The purpose of this study was to measure science and mathematics teacher candidates’ environmental knowledge level, awareness, behavior and environmental attitudes. Four instruments comprising Environmental Sensitivity Scale, environmental Behavior Scale, Environmental Attitudes Scale and Environmental Knowledge Test were administered to a total of 138 elementary student teachers to collect data. Their responses were analyzed using percentage, factor analysis and correlation analysis. The findings of the study showed that: (1) students’ environmental awareness was high; (2) they were sensitive to environment and tended to protect it; (3) participants were familiar with general topics related to environment whereas they have low information level as to technical, conceptual and important environmental issues. However, students' environmental awareness and positive attitudes have been detected not to reflect their behavior. Concerning the study results, suggestions have been made to help teacher candidates’ deal with environmental problems.
THE in vivo internal structure, chemical composition and possible mode of functioning of the schizochroal eyes of the Lower Ordovician to Upper Devonian trilobite Suborder Phacopina

Lenses within the schizochroal eyes of phacopine trilobites are made principally of calcite and characterisation of them using light microscopy and high-resolution electron imaging and diffraction has revealed an array of microstructural arrangements that suggest a common original pattern across the suborder. The low convexity lenses of Odontochile hausmanni and Dalmanites sp. contain calcite fibres termed trabeculae. The c axis of trabecular calcite lies parallel to the lens axis, and adjacent trabeculae are distinguished by small differences in their a axis orientations. Despite the common alignment, the boundaries between trabeculae cross-cut the c axis as they fan out towards the lens base. Trabeculae are absent from the lens immediately beneath the visual surface and instead a radial fringe is present and is composed of micrometre-thick sheets of calcite whose c axes are oriented at a low angle to the visual surface. High convexity lenses are more common than those of lower convexity among the species studied, and they have a much thicker radial fringe. Beneath this fringe all of the lens calcite is oriented with its c axis parallel to the lens axis and it lacks trabeculae. We propose that both the high and low convexity lenses formed by rapid growth of calcite from a surface that migrated inwards from the cornea, and they may have had an amorphous calcium carbonate precursor. The trabeculae and radial fringes are unlikely to have had any beneficial effect on the transmission or focusing of light but rather are the outcomes of an elegant solution to the problem of how to construct a biconvex lens from a crystalline solid.
Software Protection on the Go: A Large-Scale Empirical Study on Mobile App Obfuscation

The prosperity of smartphone markets has raised new concerns about software security on mobile platforms, leading to a growing demand for effective software obfuscation techniques. Due to various differences between the mobile and desktop ecosystems, obfuscation faces both technical and non-technical challenges when applied to mobile software. Although there have been quite a few software security solution providers launching their mobile app obfuscation services, it is yet unclear how real-world mobile developers perform obfuscation as part of their software engineering practices. Our research takes a first step to systematically studying the deployment of software obfuscation techniques in mobile software development. With the help of an automated but coarse-grained method, we computed the likelihood of an app being obfuscated for over a million app samples crawled from Apple App Store. We then inspected the top 6600 instances and managed to identify 601 obfuscated versions of 539 iOS apps. By analyzing this sample set with extensive manual effort, we made various observations that reveal the status quo of mobile obfuscation in the real world, providing insights into understanding and improving the situation of software protection on mobile platforms.
REPOR T RESUMES

AS FART OF AN EFFORT TO ASSESS THE EFFECT OF THE BALTIMORE HEAD START PROGRAM ON COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, CHILDREN ENROLLED IN THIS PROGRAM WERE GIVEN THE PEABODY PICTURE VOCABULARY TEST (PPVT) AND THE DRAW-A-PERSON (DAP) TEST AT THE START OF THE PROGRAM, AT ITS TERMINATION, AND WHEN THEY ENROLLED IN KINDERGARTEN. A CONTROL GROUP, DRAWN FROM THE SAME NEIGHBORHOODS, WAS TESTED AT KINDERGARTEN ENROLLMENT. THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN TESTED IN EACH GROUP WAS SLIGHTLY OVER 400. DATA ON THE FAMILIES OF THE HEAD START CHILDREN INDICATED THAT THEY WERE SEVERELY DISADVANTAGED. RESULTS OF THE FFVT SHOWED SIGNIFICANT GAINS DURING THE PROGRAM ANC BETWEEN THE END OF THE PROGRAM AND KINDERGARTEN ENROLLMENT. THE CONTROL GROUP SCORED AT THE SAME LEVEL THAT THE HEAD START CHILDREN HAD SCORED AT THE BEGINNING OF THE *PROGRAM. RESULTS OF THE CAP TEST SHOWED A SIMILAR PATTERN OF GAINS, BUT WITH THE CONTROL GROUP SCORING AT THE SAME LEVEL THAT THE HEAD START CHILDREN HAD SCORED AT ME END OF THE PROGRAM. CLASSROOM EVALUATIONS OF TEACHER BEHAVIOR WERE MADE, AND PRELIMINARY ANALYSES INDICATE THAT TEACHERS WHO WERE RATED AS WARM, VARIED, AND FLEXIBLE AND WHO SPENTA RELATIVELY HIGH PROPORTION OF TIME TEACHING PRODUCED THE
Toward a First High-quality Genome Draft for Marker-assisted Breeding in Leaf Chicory, Radicchio (Cichorium intybus L.)

Radicchio (Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus var. foliosum L.) is one of the most important leaf chicories, used mainly as a component for fresh salads. Recently, we sequenced and annotated the first draft of the leaf chicory genome, as we believe it will have an extraor‐ dinary impact from both scientific and economic points of view. Indeed, the availability of the first genome sequence for this plant species will provide a powerful tool to be ex‐ ploited in the identification of markers associated with or genes responsible for relevant agronomic traits, influencing crop productivity and product quality. The plant material used for the sequencing of the leaf chicory genome belongs to the Radicchio of the Chiog‐ gia type. Genomic DNA was used for library preparation with the TruSeq DNA Sample Preparation chemistry (Illumina). Sequencing reactions were performed with the Illumi‐ na platforms HiSeq and MySeq, and sequence reads were then assembled and annotated. We are confident that our efforts will extend the current knowledge of the genome organ‐ ization and gene composition of leaf chicory, which is crucial for developing new tools and diagnostic markers useful for our breeding strategies in Radicchio.
Meta-avaliação: uma década do Processo de Avaliação Institucional do SINAES

O estudo apresenta a meta-avaliacao do Processo de Avaliacao Institucional das IES Brasileiras via SINAES, de 2004 a 2014, considerando o acompanhamento e a revisao do sistema. Foram analisadas as IES que finalizaram o seu Processo de Avaliacao Institucional e que tiveram seu recredenciamento publicado no Diario Oficial da Uniao em 2014, totalizando 66 universidades. Resultados indicam que as privadas nao tiveram media conceitual abaixo do nivel satisfatorio de qualidade em nenhuma Dimensao. As publicas obtiveram media conceitual insatisfatoria na Dimensao 1 – Missao e PDI e na 8 – Planejamento e Auto-avaliacao. A meta-avaliacao e oportuna e necessaria, qualificando o processo numa perspectiva somativa.
Struktur und Dynamik flüssiger Mischungen in mesoporösen Gläsern

Sebastian Schemmel Struktur und Dynamik flüssiger Mischungen in mesoporösen Gläsern: Untersuchungen mit Neutronenstreuverfahren In dieser Arbeit wurde die Struktur und Dynamik eines binären Systems mit unterer Mischungslücke, iso-Buttersäure(iBA) + schweres Wasser (D2O), in den Poren von mesoporösen Silikat-Gläsern des Typs Controlled Pore Glass(CPG-10) untersucht. Dabei konnte der Übergang der Flüssigkeit vom gemischten (einphasigen) in den entmischten (zweiphasigen) Bereich durch schrittweises Senken der Temperatur induziert werden. Die mesoskopische Struktur der Porenflüssigkeit wurde durch Neutronen-Kleinwinkelstreuung (SANS) studiert. Die Dynamik von Konzentrationsschwankungen im Porenraum wurde durch Neutronen-Spin-Echo-Spektroskopie (NSE) untersucht. Die Daten aus den Untersuchungen mittels Neutronen-Kleinwinkelstreuung wurden auf der Basis eines Modells analysiert, welches Ähnlichkeit mit dem Modell von Teixeira hat. Die Kleinwinkelstreuung setzt sich nach diesem Modell aus Beiträgen der äußeren Korngrenzen und der Struktur der porösen CPG-10-Glasmatrix, einer an der Porenwand angebundenen Schicht, sowie den Beiträgen von Konzentrationsfluktuationen oder mikrophasengetrennten Bereichen in der Flüssigkeit zusammen. Dabei zeigte sich, dass bereits bei hohen Temperaturen, d. h. weit im einphasigen Zustandsgebiet, signifikante Konzentrationsschwankungen in der Flüssigkeit existieren. Bei Annäherung an die Zweiphasenkoexistenz nimmt die Korrelationslänge der Konzentrationsfluktuationen zu und erreicht Werte in der Grössenordnung der Porenweite. Das Streubild unterhalb der Entmischungstemperatur kann durch die Existenz von mikrophasengetrennten Bereichen beschrieben werden, welche ebenfalls eine Korrelationslänge kleiner jener des Porennetzwerkes aufweisen. Aufgrund der starken präferentiellen Adsorption von Wasser an der Porenwand kommt es, speziell bei Annäherung an die Entmischungstemperatur der Bulk-Mischung, zu signifikanten Austauschprozessen zwischen der Flüssigkeit innerhalb und außerhalb der Poren. SANS Experimente an Pillen aus kompaktiertem CPG-10 Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Flüssigkeitsfüllgraden erlaubten die Quantifizierung dieses AustauschEffektes, durch den auch die SANS Kurven stark modifiziert werden. Die durch quasielastische Neutronen-Spin-Echo-Spektroskopie (NSE) erhaltene intermediäre Streufunktion beinhaltet Informationen über die Dynamik der Konzentrationsfluktuationen. Durch streuwinkelabhängige NSE-Untersuchungen konnte diffusives Verhalten dieser Fluktuationen in der Mischung bestätigt und in Form eines effektiven DiffusionskoeffizientenDeff quantifiziert werden. Dabei zeigte sich, wie zu erwarten, eine deutliche Abnahme vonDeff mit sinkender Temperatur (von 30 · 10−11 m2s−1 bei73◦C auf ca. 5 · 10−11 m2s−1 bei 25◦C). Die auch bei tiefen Temperaturen, d. h. weit im entmischten Bereich, nicht verschwindende Dynamik wird, ebenso wie die endliche Korrelationslänge der statischen SANS Ergebnisse, auf die durch die Matrix verhinderte makroskopische Entmischung zurückgeführt.
Starch and flour extraction and nutrient composition of tuber in seven cassava accessions

Cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) roots (tubers) are used as staple food. Starch extracted from tubers is widely utilized as raw materials in industries. Dry matter (DM) content, starch and flour extraction and proximate composition were investigated in seven cassava accessions (Coc-A 1 , Kh-A 2 , Cow-A 3 , Sa-A 4 , Me-A 5 , Va-A 6 and Sy-A 8 .) in 2010- 2011. Leaf DM varied from 20.51% in Me-A5 to 29.01% in Sy-A8; that of stem from 27.24% in Va-A6 to 32.10% (average of Sy-A 8 , Me-A 5 and Sa-A 4 ); and that of tuber from 37.30% in Kh-A 2 to 45.26% in Sy-A 8 . Starch was extracted by blending chopped tuber followed by decantation. Tubers were sliced, sun dried and milled into flour. Tuber starch content (fresh wt. basis) varied between 15.04% in Sy-A 8 and 24.97% (average of Coc-A 1 and Me-A 5 ); that of peel from 4.54% in Va-A 6 to 5.85% in Coc-A 1 . Crude protein varied from 1.80% (average of Kh-A 2 , Cow-A 3 and Sy-A 8 ) to 4.53% in Va-A 6 . Crude fiber content varied from 1.95% (average of Sa-A 4 and Coc-A 1 ) to 4.27% in Cow-A 3 . Cyanogens present in cassava plant escape as hydrogen cyanide (HCN) during harvesting and processing. Variation for HCN existed and it was 140.95 mg/kg fresh tuber (average of Sy-A 8 and Coc-A 1 ) to 546.0 mg/kg fresh tuber in Va-A 6 . There was no detectable HCN in the extracted flour and starch. It may be concluded that genetic variation for DM, starch, protein and HCN existed in seven cassava accessions, and Coc-A 1 may be a better one due to its lower HCN, higher DM and starch content. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2. 14698 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(2): 217-222, 2012
Circular Dichroism in Fluorescence Emission Following the C 1s→π* Excitation and Resonant Auger Decay of Carbon Monoxide

Dichroism in angle-resolved spectra of circularly polarized fluorescence from freely-rotating CO molecules was studied experimentally and theoretically. For this purpose, carbon monoxide in the gas phase was exposed to circularly polarized soft X-ray synchrotron radiation. The photon energy was tuned across the C 1s→π* resonant excitation, which decayed via the participator Auger transition into the CO+ A 2Π state. The dichroic parameter β1 of the subsequent CO+ (A 2Π → X 2Σ+) visible fluorescence was measured by photon-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. Present experimental results are explained with the ab initio electronic structure and dynamics calculations performed by the single center method. Our results confirm the possibility to perform partial wave analysis of the emitted photoelectrons in closed-shell molecules.
Role of biomolecules in sensing, signal transducing and acclimation in plants against frost induced low temperature stress - A Review

Frost induced freeze damages are more common in subtropical plant species. Many evergreen plants get drastically damaged while certain manage to tolerate this low temperature stress by way of developing acclimation against this stress. This review discusses the recent developments in cold stress sensing, receptors involved and the perception of the stress by the plants. Together with this it also elaborate several signalling pathways that trigger the synthesis of cold responsive proteins in the plant system. Biochemical and physiological approaches defining components of low temperature tolerance has also discussed. Role of reactive oxygen species in peroxidation of lipids which play pivotal in membrane fluidity has also been elucidated. Role of carbohydrates in tolerance through reabsorption of water and other mechanism, lignins in cytoskeltal rearrangements and TCF mediated signalling is also key factor in plant survival under low temperature stress. Cold acclimation and gene regulation at transcription level has opened new horizon for technology development for protection of agricultural/horticultural plant species against frost and low temperature stress.
Shorter Ground Contact Time and Better Running Economy: Evidence From Female Kenyan Runners.

Mooses, M, Haile, DW, Ojiambo, R, Sang, M, Mooses, K, Lane, AR, and Hackney, AC. Shorter ground contact time and better running economy: evidence from female Kenyan runners. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2018-Previously, it has been concluded that the improvement in running economy (RE) might be considered as a key to the continued improvement in performance when no further increase in V[Combining Dot Above]O2max is observed. To date, RE has been extensively studied among male East African distance runners. By contrast, there is a paucity of data on the RE of female East African runners. A total of 10 female Kenyan runners performed 3 × 1,600-m steady-state run trials on a flat outdoor clay track (400-m lap) at the intensities that corresponded to their everyday training intensities for easy, moderate, and fast running. Running economy together with gait characteristics was determined. Participants showed moderate to very good RE at the first (202 ± 26 ml·kg·km) and second (188 ± 12 ml·kg·km) run trials, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed significant relationship between ground contact time (GCT) and RE at the second run (r = 0.782; p = 0.022), which represented the intensity of anaerobic threshold. This study is the first to report the RE and gait characteristics of East African female athletes measured under everyday training settings. We provided the evidence that GCT is associated with the superior RE of the female Kenyan runners.