Exercise or Fitness as Remedy for Respiratory Problem in Delhi (India)of Growing Children of Extreme Socio Economic Status

Introduction Air Pollution Atmospheric pollution arises from heating and generation of electrical energy, transport, industrial activities and incineration of wastes. The major pollutants from the burning of fossil fuel include oxides of sulfur, smoke (suspended particulate matter) and oxides of carbon and of nitrogen. Urban transport systems emit carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen and lead, and small amounts of sulfur oxides and smoke. Photochemical reactions between hydrocarbons and nitric oxide result in the production of secondary air pollutants classified under the general term "oxidants". Oxidant formation is promoted by abundant sunlight. Industry emits large quantities of residuals from fossil fuel burning, but also various specific substances such as toxic metals, inorganic and organic compounds of sulfur and nitrogen, fluorides and others. In many parts of the world air pollution associated with heating and power production is still more important than that due to motor vehicles [1]. Air pollution is contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Household combustion devices, motor vehicles, industrial facilities and forest fires are common sources of air pollution. Pollutants of major public health concern include particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Outdoor and indoor air pollution cause respiratory and other diseases, which can be fatal. Around 3 billion people cook and heat their homes using solid fuels (i.e. wood, charcoal, coal, dung, crop wastes) on open fires or traditional stoves. Such inefficient cooking and heating practices produce high levels of household (indoor) air pollution which includes a range of health damaging pollutants such as fine particles and carbon monoxide. In poorly ventilated dwellings, smoke in and around the home can exceed acceptable levels for fine particles 100-fold. Exposure is particularly high among women and young children, who spend the most time near the domestic hearth. According to WHO, 4.3 million people a year die from the exposure to household air pollution. In new estimates released, WHO reports that in 2012 around 7 million people died , one in eight of total global deaths , as a result of air pollution exposure. This finding more than doubles previous estimates and confirms that air pollution is now the world’s largest single environmental health risk.In particular, the new data reveal a stronger link between both indoor and outdoor air pollution exposure and cardiovascular diseases, such as strokes and ischaemic heart disease, as well as between air pollution and cancer. This is in addition to air pollution’s role in the development of respiratory diseases, including acute respiratory infections and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. The new estimates are not only based on more knowledge about the diseases caused by air pollution, but also upon better assessment of human 1Mahesh Sharma, *2Dhananjay Show