Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
"Never eat in that restaurant, I did!" Exploring why people engage in negative word-of-mouth communication

What do consumers want to achieve when they engage in negative word-of-mouth communication (N-WOM)? Two studies explore this question and reveal that consumers pursue specific goals when engaging in N-WOM and that these goals systematically differ between the specific negative emotions that are experienced. For example, the results reveal that consumers who experience anger engage in N-WOM to vent feelings or to take revenge. However, disappointed consumers engage in N-WOM to warn others, and consumers who experience regret communicate with others to strengthen social bonds or to warn them. This reveals the functionality of specific emotions to N-WOM, and how goals for N-WOM are associated with these emotions. This demonstrates that rather than being uniform, the content and implications of N-WOM are contingent on the specific emotions that consumers experience.
Overconfidence in Psychology and Finance – an Interdisciplinary Literature Review Nadmierna pewnoÊç siebie w psychologii i finansach – interdyscyplinarny przeglàd literatury

This paper reviews the literature on one of the most meaningful concepts in modern behavioural finance, the overconfidence phenomenon. Overconfidence is presented as a well-developed psychological theory, with main facets comprising miscalibration, betterthan-average effect, illusion of control and unrealistic optimism. The primary applications of overconfidence in contemporary finance are analysed, from the perspective of financial markets and corporate behaviour. Experimental studies, formal models and analyses of market data demonstrate that overconfidence at least partially solves some financial market puzzles that cannot be accounted for by standard economic theory. Overconfidence in the corporate context may affect not only a company’s internal financing structure, but also its interactions with other market participants through merger and acquisition activity.
Tenofovir and Entecavir Have Similar Renal Adverse Events on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated with Transarterial Chemoembolization

Received Jan. 31, 2019 Revised Feb. 21, 2019 Accepted Feb. 25, 2019 Background/Aims: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is potentially nephrotoxic in chronic hepatitis B patients. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated using transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) are at an increased risk of renal injury. The aim of this study was to determine whether TDF is associated with more renal adverse events than entecavir (ETV) in HCC patients treated with TACE.
AC anodising as pre-treatment prior to adhesive bonding of aluminium

Anodising as pre-treatment for structural adhesive bonding has been investigated by wedge testing. The results show that fast hot AC anodising processes may be an environmental friendly and cost-effective alternative compared to traditional DC anodising pre-treatment processes used by the aviation industry. Improved durability and adhesion performance can be obtained by adding a certain amount of phosphoric acid to a sulphuric acid based electrolyte. Degradation in wet environments showed cohesive failure within the adhesive and comparable or even better durability for samples pre-treated by AC anodising in a mixed electrolyte (SPAA) compared to a standard PAA anodising process.
in Middles and the Syntax-Semantics Interface

In this paper we will address one of the basic questions raised at the colloquium: the division of labour between the modules of the linguistic system and the role of interface economy. In this respect we will explore the properties of reftexive markers in middle constructions. in particular se/si in French/ltalian and 7. ich in Heerlen Dutch. Our goal is to find out which part of the interpretation is configurationally detennined and how much can be achieved by independently motivated principles of interpretation . In generaI. it is assumed that middles. such as in (I). have some essential properties in common with passives: that (i) the logical subject argument is syntactically absent although it is semantically present. and th at (ii) the grammatical subject. such as this shirt/dit hemd/cefte chemise in (I) is the logical object. What is more. if we consider middles in various languages . two types of middles can be distinguished. namely 'plain' and reftexive middles. as is demonstrated by the English. Standard Dutch and French example in (I a.b) and (I c). respectively (Eng=English. SD=Standard Dutch. Fr=French):
Marriage Wage Premium in a Search Equilibrium 1

In this paper we propose a new theoretical explanation for the existence of male marriage wage premium, based entirely on search frictions. We analyse the interaction of frictional labour and marriage markets. We present and explore a search equilibrium characterised by wage dispersion where only high earning men get married. We also examine other equilibria where the marriage market may or may not influence labour market outcomes. ”It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. ” (J. Austen: Pride and Prejudice)
WAGE PENALTY FOR MOTHERHOOD: EVINENCE FROM UKRAINE by

WAGE PENALTY FOR MOTHERHOOD: EVIDENCE FROM UKRAINE by Tamara Sliusarenko Head of the State Examination Committee: Mr. Serhiy Korablin, Economist, National Bank of Ukraine Motherhood is usually associated with lower wages due to a number of reasons such as career interruptions, decrease in productivity of females with children, career interruptions due to maternity leave and discrimination. The magnitude of family gap in Ukraine during the period from 1997 to 2004 is analyzed in this study based on the data from the Ukrainian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. Taking into account unobserved heterogeneity wage penalty found to be 6,5% for one child and 13,2% for two or more children. The paper attempts to determine whether the level of education and decision of timing of first birth influences wage penalty for having a child. It is found that the negative effect of children on female’s wages is smaller if a mother has her first birth later in her life. The wage penalty is found to be the smallest for females with vocational/professional education, but this is mostly comes from the effect of giving a first birth before age 20.
Anticipated Outcome of Short-term Treatment for Alcohol Dependence: Self-efficacy Ratings and Beliefs About the Success of Others

Objectives:In line with social learning theory, drinking refusal self-efficacy has been shown to predict relapse following treatment of alcohol dependence. However, the predictive power of self-efficacy is limited by a ceiling effect since alcoholism treatment clients tend to be overconfident. The present study aimed to expand the research on drinking refusal self-efficacy by contrasting clients’ self-efficacy expectancies and their general beliefs about the outcome of substance abuse treatment. Methods:Eighty-seven alcohol-dependent inpatients completed 2 versions of the Drug Taking Confidence Questionnaire (self vs. others). Self-efficacy ratings differed from general beliefs about the likelihood of relapse. Results:Overall, alcohol-dependent inpatients tended to be more optimistic in predicting favorable treatment outcomes for themselves. Furthermore, self-efficacy was positively related to general beliefs about treatment outcome. Conclusions:Minimizing the chances of others may represent an attempt to restore self-esteem and support a positive self-concept in the face of discouraging odds.
War and Obesity : The Role of Eating Habits 1 E ¤

This study explores the long-run e¤ects of World War II on health conditions and eating habits in later life. Using microdata for adults from the Italian Multipurpose Survey on Households and exploring regional and cohort variation, we show that individuals that experienced World War II during childhood in more a¤ected regions tend to su¤er more from obesity and to have a higher probability of myocardial infarction during late adulthood. We provide evidence that the mechanism behind this nding is the excessive consumption of meat later in life as a response to the scarcity of meat at an early age. Consistently with the theory on habit formation, the estimated e¤ect is particularly strong for individuals that experienced the war during early childhood and operates intergenerationally. Several robustness and placebo tests using different waves and cohorts as well as a triple-di¤erences estimation con rm the causal interpretation of the proposed mechanism. Our results shed light on the hypothesis of a behavioral channel from early-life shocks to adult health. JEL classi cations: I10, N44
A comparative safety assessment for Direct Current and Direct Current with hybrid supply power systems in a windfarm Service Operation Vessel using System- Theoretic Process Analysis

As windfarms are moving further offshore, their maintenance has to be supported by the new generation Service Operation Vessels (SOV) with Dynamic Positioning capabilities. For the SOV safe operations it is crucial that any hazardous scenario is properly controlled. Whilst international regulations require the implementation of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) for SOV power systems, FMEA has been criticised for not addressing properly failures in control systems. In this study, System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) is employed for identifying the hazardous scenarios in terms of Unsafe Control Actions (UCAs) in Direct Current (DC) and DC with batteries power systems. Then the identified UCAs are ranked based on their risk. The results demonstrate that the number of hazardous scenarios derived by the STPA increases in a power system with batteries in comparison to a conventional DC power system, thus depicting higher complexity of this system. However, the increase in overall risk is small and within acceptable limits, whilst the risk reduces for a number of UCAs leading to Diesel Generator overload sub-hazard.
Knowledge , Attitudes and Practices of Sustainability : Systematic Review 1990 ñ 2016

For any transition towards sustainability to be successful, it is necessary to understand the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) ñ related to sustainability ñ in different populations. A systematic review was conducted to identify and analyse KAP studies on sustainability that were reported in the scientific literature during the period of 1990ñ 2016. Ten studies were found, of which half were conducted among populations in educational environments, i.e., teachers, students and graduates. The KAP results vary among the studies; however, there is a general tendency to investigate aspects related to ecosystems, natural resources, environmental protection and conservation. The present study concludes that it is necessary to conduct KAP studies that include categories that reflect on the wide range of meanings of sustainability and the attitudes and practices that would arise from such perspectives. This finding also reveals dimensions of sustainability usually omitted by KAP studies of sustainability.
Carbon Nanotube Based Circuit Designing : A Review 58

A new material and its associated device which have potential to replace Si and CMOS and can extend the scalability of devices below 22 nm is the carbon nanotube (CNT) and its associated transistor, the carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNTFET). CNT possesses unique properties that make it a promising future material. Similarly, CNTFET is a promising basic building block to complement the existing silicon based MOSFET and can result in the extension of the validity of Moore's law further. This paper presents the state of the art literature related to carbon nanotubes, carbon nanotube field effect transistors and CNTFET based circuit designing. A review of CNTFET based analog and digital circuits has been presented. It has been observed that the use of CNTFET can improve the performance of both analog and digital circuits. The work will be of utmost use to the people working in the field of CNT based analog and digital circuit designing.
Levels and trends in child malnutrition in Bangladesh.

Malnutrition is a persistent problem for both children and mother throughout the world. In developing countries malnutrition is an important root of infant and young child mortality, morbidity and reduced life span. It is considered that if malnutrition cannot be reduced and prevented, it will be impossible to achieve many of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) including the goals on extreme poverty and hungry, primary education, child mortality, and incidence of infectious diseases. The World Summit for Children in 1990 recognized malnutrition as a contributing factor in half of all deaths occurring among young children. The nutrition goals for the decade 1990-2000 include reduction of both moderate and severe protein-energy malnutrition among children under five years of age by one half of the 1990 levels (UNICEF, 1990). However, the reduction of child malnutrition by half in a decade was one of the most ambitious goals set by the various summits convened during the 1990s. As a result, all of the nutrition goals were not successfully achieved during the period 1990-2000. As a step towards building a strong foundation for attaining the internally agreed development goals, including the MDGs, a consistent set of intermediate targets and benchmarks during the course of the decade (2000-2010) were set to help the unmet goals (UNICEF, 2003; United Nations, 2001). One of the most important goals regarding nutrition during the period 2000-2010 was the one on reducing child malnutrition among children aged under five by at least one third of the 2000 levels, with special attention paid to children under two years of age—especially reduction of stunted and underweighted children by at least one third during the period 2000-2010 (UNICEF, 2002).
Non-Precautionary Cash Hoarding and Investment in Growth Firms

This paper analyzes a growth firm’s trade-off between hoarding cash to reduce dilution associated with external financing and delaying investment. This hoarding motive features a self-reinforcing effect: firms with better investment opportunities hoard less and use more external financing, leading them to quicker success and to potentially becoming cash-rich as they mature. Several novel insights emerge in such a setting: Taking into account self-selection, firms that stay private hoard and delay investment less than when they go public. Furthermore, contrary to common beliefs, competition can cause longer delays and more hoarding, while asymmetric information leads growth firms to reduce hoarding. ∗University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Center for Law & Economics (ACLE) and Finance Group. E-mail: A.W. A.Boot@uva.nl. †University of Amsterdam, Finance Group. E-mail: Vladimirov@uva.nl. We thank Heitor Almeida, Mike Burkart, Thomas Chemmanur, Ran Duchin, Andrea Gamba, Simon Gervais, Ron Giammarino, Radhakrishnan Gopalan, Alexander Gorbenko, Sebastian Gryglewicz, Florian Hoffmann, Roman Inderst, Filippo Ippolito, Ilan Kremer, Evgeny Lyandres, Andrey Malenko, Vojislav Maksimovic, Todd Milbourn, Erwarn Morellec, Boris Nikolov, Adriano Rampini, Rob Siemans, Xunhua Su, and conference and seminar participants at the 2015 AEA annual meetings (Boston), Edinburgh Corporate Finance Conference 2014, Frontiers of Finance 2014, Jerusalem Finance Conference 2014, SIFR Conference on The Financial Economics of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Finance and Innovation Conference, and the University of Amsterdam for helpful comments and suggestions. A previous version of the paper circulated under the title ”Entrepreneurial Vision, Information, and Cash. ”
Tyre Shear Force and Moment Descriptions by Normalisation of Parameters and the ‘ ‘ Magic Formula

Previous work by Radt on the use of normalised parameters to bring economy to the task of measuring, describing and computing tyre shear forces and parallel works of Pacejka on the ‘similarity method’ are reviewed, extended and applied. Similarity ideas are used in association with the ‘Magic Formula’. Some published tyre force and moment results are divided into basic and nonbasic sets. The basic set contains a notional minimum amount of information from which the full spectrum of results can be obtained by applying similarity ideas. Calculations are carried out to show how the nonbasic results can be reconstructed from the basic set. Advantages are obtained by using a novel nonlinear transformation of the longitudinal and sideslip variables. The results are shown to be qualitatively excellent and quantitatively quite good. Of course, the accuracy is not as high as with a full Magic Formula treatment but the economy is remarkable. The process is captured in a MATLAB algorithm, included as an appendix. It is thought that this provides a useful facility for enabling vehicle dynamics studies of a more generic flavour, in which circumstances conspire to make high precision of tyre force descriptions inappropriate or impossible.
Circular RNAs and Its Biological Functions in Health and Disease

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) belong to the family of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) that, unlike linear RNAs, are characterized by a covalently closed circular RNA structure lacking 5 0 cap and 3 0 poly-adenylated tails. circRNAs have a role in epigenetic regulation of downstream targets. circRNAs play a crucial role in regulating gene and protein expressions by acting as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge and RNA binding protein (RBP) sponge and interact with proteins to affect cell behav-ior. circRNA expression profiles differ between physiological and pathological states. Moreover, the expression patterns of circRNAs exhibit differences in a tissue-specific manner. Although investigations on circRNAs have been exploding nowadays, yet only a limited number of circRNAs are identified. Furthermore, further researches are needed to shed light on their functions and targets. Therefore, circRNAs are becoming vital as potential biomarkers that may be used for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this chapter, we review the current advancement of cirRNAs with regard to their biogenesis, biological functions, gene regulatory mechanisms, and implications in human diseases and summarize the recent studies on circRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers based on existing knowledge.
School Choice Priority Structures and School Segregation ∗

In this paper we study how school segregation and student welfare is affected by altering the priority structures in a school choice program. Together with the assignment mechanism, the priority structure determines which applicants are admitted to a school when the number of applicants exceed the number of available seats. The setting is a primary school choice program in a Swedish municipality, where allocation of students to public schools is done using a modified version of the increasingly popular deferred acceptance algorithm. We simulate the counterfactual allocation of students, using our own estimates of parental preferences for school attributes, under different types of priority structures. The results suggest that how priorities are determined affects the level of school segregation. When reserving seats for underrepresented groups, schools become less segregated in terms of parental education and foreign background compared to both lotteryand proximity-based priorities. In terms of student welfare, all three priority structures studied in this paper assign a high share of students to their preferred schools and we record relatively small differences in the distance to the assigned school. The lotterybased priority structure does however seem to underperform somewhat compared to the alternatives in these two dimensions. Further, different priority structures benefit different types of households. Most prominent is that proximity based priorities benefit highly educated and native households while reserving seats for underrepresented groups shifts welfare towards low educated and foreign households. JEL Codes: I20, I24
Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing in Comparison to Culture of Cerebrospinal Fluid for Diagnosis of Bacterial Meningitis in Children

ackground: Childhood bacterial meningitis is a neurological exigency. Accurate, early, rapid diagnosis and treatment is essential to decrease its morbidity and mortality. Aim of study: This is a retrospective study comparing real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), with standard bacterial culture for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis during cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination. Materials and methods: RT-PCR was used for the detection of three most common causes of bacterial meningitis (Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza type b, and Neisseria meningitides) in 100 CSF samples from children aged 2 months to 12 years admitted to Al-Elwiya Pediatric Teaching Hospital during the period from January 2016 to January 2017 Results: Growth was detected in 6% CSF cultures of patients included in the study and Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most prominent isolated bacteria. RT-PCR was positive in 43% CSF samples from which S. pneumoniae was identified in all samples. PCR and culture showed concordance in 6% positive and 57% negative samples. Using culture as a reference method, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for PCR on CSF samples were 100 %, 60.64%, 13.93% and 100 %, respectively. RT-PCR was positive in 37% CSF samples whereas culture was negative. Conclusion: RT-PCR is a rapid and sensitive test for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. The findings of this retrospective study recommend the use of RT-PCR for the diagnosis of children with a clinical suspicion of bacterial meningitis and as a complement to culture, especially, those who received previous antibiotic treatment before lumbar puncture.
High Throughput Screening For Drug Discovery In Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

ii CO-AUTHORSHIP STATEMENT . iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . iv EPIGRAPH . v TABLE OF CONTENTS . vi LIST OF TABLES . ix LIST OF FIGURES . x LIST OF APPENDICES . xi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS, NOMENCLATURE . xii
On the Emergence of a Binding Zero Lower Bound

Overoptimism regarding productivity developments is often seen as the root of the worldwide cyclical downturn at the beginning of the 21st century. This paper develops a New Keynesian model with credit market imperfections that shows how overly positive productivity expectations initially drive the interest rate risk premium below its equilibrium value, boosting real economic growth. When a downward correction of the outlook appears inevitable, collateral value shrinks and the interest rate risk premium rises sharply. Given this risk premium, a substantially lower (risk free) policy rate is required in order to reduce market rates. In such a situation a binding zero lower bound can emerge. JEL codes: E31, E32, E52