Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Statistical Methods in Spatial Epidemiology

Preface and Acknowledgements to Second Edition. Preface and Acknowledgements. I: The Nature of Spatial Epidemiology. 1. Definitions, Terminolgy and Data Sets. 1.1 Map Hypotheses and Modelling Approaches. 1.2 Definitions and Data Examples. 1.3 Further definitions. 1.4 Some Data Examples. 2.Scales of Measurement and Data Availability. 2.1 Small Scale. 2.2 Large Scale. 2.3 Rate Dependence. 2.4 DataQuality and the Ecological Fallacy. 2.5 Edge E.ects. 3.Geographical Representation and Mapping. 3.1 Introduction and Definitions. 3.2 Maps and Mapping. 3.3 Statistical Accuracy. 3.4 Aggregation. 3.5 Mapping Issues related toAggregated Data. 3.6 Conclusions. 4.Basic Models. 4.1 Sampling Considerations. 4.2 Likelihood-based and Bayesian Approaches. 4.3 Point EventModels. 4.4 CountModels. 5.Exploratory Approaches, Parametric Estimation and Inference. 5.1 ExploratoryMethods. 5.2 Parameter Estimation. 5.3 Residual Diagnostics. 5.4 Hypothesis Testing. 5.5 Edge E.ects. II:Important Problems in Spatial Epidemiology. 6.Small Scale: Disease Clustering. 6.1 Definition of Clusters and Clustering. 6.2 Modelling Issues. 6.3 Hypothesis Tests for Clustering. 6.4 Space-Time Clustering. 6.5 Clustering Examples. 6.6 OtherMethods related to clustering. 7.Small Scale: Putative Sources of Hazard. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 StudyDesign. 7.3 Problems of Inference. 7.4 Modelling the Hazard Exposure Risk. 7.5 Models for Case Event Data. 7.6 ACase Event Example. 7.7 Models for CountData. 7.8 ACountData Example. 7.9 OtherDirections. 8. Large Scale: Disease Mapping. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Simple Statistical Representation. 8.3 BasicModels. 8.4 AdvancedMethods. 8.5 Model Variants and Extensions. 8.6 ApproximateMethods. 8.7 MultivariateMethods. 8.8 Evaluation ofModel Performance. 8.9 Hypothesis Testing in DiseaseMapping. 8.10 Space-Time DiseaseMapping. 8.11 Spatial Survival and longitudinal data. 8.12 DiseaseMapping: Case Studies. 9.Ecological Analysis and Scale Change. 9.1 Ecological Analysis: Introduction. 9.2 Small-ScaleModelling Issues. 9.3 Changes of Scale andMAUP. 9.4 A Simple Example: Sudden Infant Death in North Carolina. 9.5 ACase Study: Malaria and IDDM. 10.Infectious Disease Modelling. 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 GeneralModelDevelopment. 10.3 SpatialModelDevelopment. 10.4 Modelling Special Cases for Individual Level Data. 10.5 Survival Analysis with spatial dependence. 10.6 Individual level data example. 10.7 Underascertainment and Censoring. 10.8 Conclusions. 11.Large Scale: Surveillance. 11.1 Process ControlMethodology. 11.2 Spatio-Temporal Modelling. 11.3 Spatio-TemporalMonitoring. 11.4 Syndromic Surveillance. 11.5 Multivariate-Mulitfocus Surveillance. 11.6 Bayesian Approaches. 11.7 Computational Considerations. 11.8 Infectious Diseases. 11.9 Conclusions. Appendix A:Monte Carlo Testing, Parametric Bootstrap and Simulation Envelopes. Appendix B:Markov ChainMonte Carlo Methods. Appendix C:Algorithms and Software. Appendix D: Glossary of Estimators. Appendix E:Software. Bibliography. Index.
Doctoral learning in the biomedical sciences

3 LIST OF FIGURES 7 LIST OF TABLES 8 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS COMPRISING THIS THESIS 9 LIST OF PRESENTATIONS ARISING FROM THIS THESIS 10 LIST OF APPENDICES 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 12 STATEMENT OF CANDIDATE CONTRIBUTION 13 INTRODUCTION 14 RESEARCH-INFORMED PEDAGOGY IN UNDERGRADUATE HIGHER EDUCATION 16 THE PRESENT WORK IS STRUCTURED ON A PHENOMENOGRAPHIC REDUCTION OF LEARNING . 18 METHODOLOGY THE USE OF A SEMI-STRUCTURED INTERVIEW INSTRUMENT 19 DOCTORAL EDUCATION IN THE CONTEMPORARY UNIVERSITY 2
Proceedings of the 13th International MindTrek Conference: Everyday Life in the Ubiquitous Era

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 13th MindTrek Conference and the International Academic Conference MindTrek from September 30th - October 2nd 2009: Everyday Life in the Ubiquitous Era. Academic MindTrek brings together a cross-disciplinary crowd of people in order to investigate current and emerging topics within media in the ubiquitous arena. Business, social, technical and content-related media topics will be discussed this year. The MindTrek Association hosts MindTrek as an annual conference, where the Academic MindTrek conference has been a part this unique set of events comprising competitions, world-famous keynote speakers, plenary sessions, media festivals and workshops, since 1997. The scientific part of the conference is organized in co-operation with ACM SIGMM, and ACM SIGCHI. Conference proceedings will be published in the ACM Digital Library. Selected high quality papers will be selected and published in international journals, as book chapters, or via open access journals.
Marian Through the Looking Glass

SUMMARY The current responsibilities of an electronic resources (ER) librarian are very different than those of her colleagues. She works between the world of business and librariesnegotiating, haggling, troubleshooting. When academic libraries first offered databases, however, the associated responsibilities were usually attached to another position, such as a reference or systems librarian. As technology developed, allowing more diverse electronic resources (ER) to be made available, the responsibilities of the people managing those products became more complex. This article traces the evolution of the ER librarian, from a part-time position to one completely different than any other found in librarianship.
PROCEEDINGS of the HUMAN FACTORS SOCIETY 36th ANNUAL MEETING4992 MODE ERROR IN SUPERVISORY CONTROL OF AUTOMATED SYSTEMS

Mode errors are one kind of breakdown in human-computer interaction. The concept was developed originally in the context of relatively simple reactive computerized devices such as word processors. When a device possesses multiple modes, where something is done one way in one mode and another way in another mode, there is increased potential for erroneous actions. In this paper we extend and expand the concept of mode error to supervisory control of automated resources in event-driven situations such as pilot interaction with cockpit automation. In this type of situation, the state of the automated system can change in response to either operator input, situation factors or system factors. This creates complexities in tracking system mode changes over time, surprises created by "uncommanded" mode changes, and the possibility of errors of omission as well as commission in managing multiple system modes. Progress in our understanding of mode error in the context of highly automated systems is important in our ability to develop effective countermeasures for mode-related problems in human-computer cooperation.
Using the ADAP Learning Algorithm to Forecast the Onset of Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract Neural networks or connectionist models for parallel processing are not new. However, a resurgence of interest in the past half decade has occurred. In part, this is related to a better understanding of what are now referred to as hidden nodes. These algorithms are considered to be of marked value in pattern recognition problems. Because of that, we tested the ability of an early neural network model, ADAP, to forecast the onset of diabetes mellitus in a high risk population of Pima Indians. The algorithm's performance was analyzed using standard measures for clinical tests: sensitivity, specificity, and a receiver operating characteristic curve. The crossover point for sensitivity and specificity is 0.76. We are currently further examining these methods by comparing the ADAP results with those obtained from logistic regression and linear perceptron models using precisely the same training and forecasting sets. A description of the algorithm is included.
Discourse Deixis and Discourse Processing

Computational approaches to discourse understanding have a two-part goal: (1) identifying those aspects of discourse understanding that require process-based accounts, and (2) characterizing the processes and data structures they involve. To date, in the area of reference, process-based accounts have been developed for reference via anaphoric pronouns and via definite descriptors. In this paper, I propose and argue for a processbased account of deictic reference in text. This account adds precision to common notions of discourse entity, discourse segment and focus and to relationships between the three. Comments University of Pennsylvania Department of Computer and Information Science Technical Report No. MSCIS-88-75. This technical report is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/cis_reports/610 DISCOURSE DEIXIS AND DISCOURSE PROCESSING Bonnie Lynn Webber MS-CIS-88-75 LINC LAB 133 Department of Computer and Information Science School of Engineering and Applied Science University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104
Electric Motor Performance Improvement Using Auxiliary Windings and Capacitance Injection

Generally, some electric machines such as induction machines and synchronous reluctance motors require reactive power for operation. While the reactive power required by a synchronous machine can be taken from the power source or supplied by the machine itself by adjustment of the field current, the power factor of an induction machine is always lagging and set by external quantities (i.e., the load and terminal voltage). Poor power factor adversely affects the distribution system and a cost penalty is frequently levied for excessive VAr consumption. Power factor is typically improved by installation of capacitor banks parallel to the motor. If the capacitor bank is fixed (i.e. that it can compensate power factor only for a fixed load), when the load is variable, then the compensation is lost. Some authors (El-Sharkawi et al, 1984, Fuchs and Hanna, 2002) introduced the capacitors using thyristor/triac controllers; by adjusting the firing angle, the capacitance introduced in parallel with the motor becomes variable and thus compensating the power factor for any load. Other works (Suciu et al, 2000.) consider the induction motor as an RL load and power factor is improved by inserting a variable capacitor (through a bridge converter) which is adjusted for unity according with the load. For the above methods, the capacitive injection is directly into the supply. Another method conceived for slip ring induction motor was to inject capacitive reactive power direct into the rotor circuit (Reinert and Parsley, 1995; Suciu, et al. 2002). The injection of reactive power can be done through auxiliary windings magnetically coupled with the main windings (E. Muljadi et al. 1989; Tamrakan and Malik, 1999; Medarametla et al. 1992; Umans, and H. L. Hess, 1983; Jimoh and Nicolae, 2006, 2007). This compensating method has also been applied with good results not only for induction motors but also for a synchronous reluctance motor (Ogunjuyigbe et al. 2010).
Public Speaking For Dummies

Foreword. Introduction. PART I: A Crash Course in Influencing People. Chapter 1: How to Speak Persuasively. Chapter 2: Speaking with Credibility. Chapter 3: Increasing the Influence of Your Speech (Without Thugs or Drugs). PART II: Preparing Your Presentation. Chapter 4: Getting Started: On Your Mark, Get Set, Now What? Chapter 5: Research Tips and Tricks. Chapter 6: A Web of Resources. Chapter 7: Relating to Your Audience (Without a Paternity Test). Chapter 8: Organizing Your Speech. Chapter 9: Material: Building the Body of Your Speech. Chapter 10: Introductions: Getting Off on the Right Foot. Chapter 11: All's Well That Ends Well: Conclusions and Transitions. Chapter 12: Style: Getting the Words Right. Chapter 13: Visual Aids: The Eye Contact That Really Counts. Chapter 14: Practice Makes Perfect. PART III: Delivering Your Presentation. Chapter 15: Getting the Room Right. Chapter 16: Communicating with Confidence: How to Scare Away Stage Fright. Chapter 17: How to Stand Up and Stand Out. Chapter 18: How to Handle the Audience (Without Leaving Fingerprints). Chapter 19: You Want to Know What? How to Handle Questions. Chapter 20: Panels and Other Special Situations. PART IV: Scoring Points with Humor. Chapter 21: Making Your Point with Humor. Chapter 22: Simple Types of Humor That Anyone Can Use. Chapter 23: Building Yourself Up by Putting Yourself Down. PART V: The Part of Tens. Chapter 24: The Ten Biggest Mistakes Speakers Make. Chapter 25: Ten Great Stories, Ideas, and Concepts to Use in Any Presentation. Chapter 26: Ten Special Occasion Speeches. Chapter 27: Ten Easy Ways to Get Speaking Opportunities. Index. Book Registration Information.
Automated Dating of the World’s Language Families Based on Lexical Similarity

This paper describes a computerized alternative to glottochronology for estimating elapsed time since parent languages diverged into daughter languages. The method, developed by the Automated Similarity Judgment Program (ASJP) consortium, is different from glottochronology in four major respects: (1) it is automated and thus is more objective, (2) it applies a uniform analytical approach to a single database of worldwide languages, (3) it is based on lexical similarity as determined from Levenshtein (edit) distances rather than on cognate percentages, and (4) it provides a formula for date calculation that mathematically recognizes the lexical heterogeneity of individual languages, including parent languages just before their breakup into daughter languages. Automated judgments of lexical similarity for groups of related languages are calibrated with historical, epigraphic, and archaeological divergence dates for 52 language groups. The discrepancies between estimated and calibration dates are found to be on average 29% as large as the estimated dates themselves, a figure that does not differ significantly among language families. As a resource for further research that may require dates of known level of accuracy, we offer a list of ASJP time depths for nearly all the world’s recognized language families and for many subfamilies.
Form follows identity : Het vertalen van corporate image naar huisvestingseisen

Huisvesting kan mede ingezet worden als marketinginstrument om de kernwaarden van een organisatie tot uitdrukking te brengen. Naast Efficientie en Effectiviteit is er de derde E van Expressie. Om de juiste boodschap uit te dragen, dient de huisvesting afgestemd te worden op het beeld dat de organisatie bij haar doelgroepen wil creeren. Dit artikel presenteert een aanpak om de kernwaarden van een organisatie te definieren en te vertalen in huisvestingseisen voor een Programma van Eisen.
WWW Cache Modelling Toolbox.

This paper develops and implements a World Wide Web cache infrastructure model which is to be used for analysis of features that are otherwise difficult to get from existing log data or for evaluation of nonexisting cache scenarios. A prominent feature of our model that differentiates it from other similar models is its dynamical aspect, which allows for the investigation of temporal features. Using the model we verify and quantify an observation made from real log data that the popularity of Web pages diversifies the higher we go in the cache hierarchy. We then use the model to predict the cache population dynamics in a hypothetical scenario of sufficiently large caches.
Evaluation of Methods for Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO), Part II

A new MDO method, BLISS, and two different variants of the method, BLISS/RS and BLISS/S, have been implemented using iSIGHT''s scripting language and evaluated in this report on multidisciplinary problems. All of these methods are based on decomposing a modular system optimization system into several subtasks optimization, that may be executed concurrently, and the system optimization that coordinates the subtasks optimization. The BLISS method and its variants are well suited for exploiting the concurrent processing capabilities in a multiprocessor machine. Several steps, including the local sensitivity analysis, local optimization, response surfaces construction and updates are all ideally suited for concurrent processing. Needless to mention, such algorithms that can effectively exploit the concurrent processing capabilities of the compute servers will be a key requirement for solving large-scale industrial design problems, such as the automotive vehicle problem detailed in Section 3.4.
The Effects of Direct and Problem-based Learning Instruction in an Undergraduate Introductory Engineering Graphics Course.

MATTHEWS, BRIAN. The Effects of Direct and Problem-based Learning Instruction in an Undergraduate Introductory Engineering Graphics Course. (Under the direction of Dr. V. William Deluca and Dr. Eric N. Wiebe.) In this study, the researcher examined the effects of problem-based learning and compared any statistical gain in knowledge, skill, and attitude to traditional teaching of engineering graphics. Problem-based learning was hypothesized to have a positive effect on knowledge, skills, and attitude of students in a traditional engineering graphics course. The study sample was forty-eight (N = 48) students in a Foundation of Graphics course at North Carolina State University. The quasi-experimental study involved a pre-test / post-test control group, using a single control and single treatment group consisting of 24 persons per group. The independent variable was pedagogical strategy, and the dependent variables of knowledge pre-test and knowledge post-test measured graphic content knowledge, allowing for direct gain comparisons of engineering graphics to the control and treatment groups. Other dependent variables comprised a CAD skill evaluation that measured students’ skill in creating a three-dimensional CAD model and an attitude survey (MSLQ) to compare attitude associated with traditional versus problem-based learning. The pedagogical PBL treatment was a series of 20 in-class exercises, where students worked in small groups to complete small-problem scenarios, including reverse engineering of parts. To determine whether groups differed on more than one dependent variable, an ANOVA was used to analyze data and investigate difference and gain between traditionalinstruction and problem-based learning for knowledge, skills, and attitude. Each ANOVA investigated if any significant difference or gain (p < 0.5) existed between groups and was used to determine gain between dependent variables. The means on the preand post-tests measured if the two groups were significantly different in their prior knowledge and skill. The comparison of means and ANOVA of the MSLQ survey score revealed no significant differences in attitude. The result of hypothesis #1 (knowledge), F(19, 23) = 2.12, p = 0.24, indicated no significant gain. The result of hypothesis #2 (skill), F(1, 23) = 0.03, p = 0.85, indicated no significant difference, and the result of hypothesis #3 (attitude), F(21, 527) = 1.57, p = 0.50, indicated no significant difference. Further studies were recommended using similar or other variables to determine if more benefits can be attributed to problem-based learning when teaching engineering graphics.
A Process-oriented Assessment of the Alignment of Information Systems and Business Strategy: Implications for IT Business Value

It has been argued that organizations’ inability to realize sufficient value from their IT investment is due in part to an absence of strategic alignment. In an attempt to formally evaluate this notion, we introduce a conceptual model containing the determinants (management practices) and consequences (IT business value) of strategic alignment. Using this model, we develop a process-level perspective on strategic alignment centered around the processes in the value chain. Finally, we describe a series of three survey instruments designed to evaluate strategic alignment and its impact on IT business value.
A recognition-primed decision (RPD) model of rapid decision making.

Traditional models of decision making do not take into account many critical aspects of operational settings, as described in Chapter 1. Deci­ sion makers in operational settings are usually very experienced, in contrast to the naive subjects used in laboratory studies. In this chap­ ter I present a recognitional model of decision making that shows how people can use experience to avoid some of the limitations of analytical strategies. This model explains how people can make decisions without having to compare options. It fuses two processes-situation assess· ment and mental simulation-and asserts that people Wle situation assessment to generate a plausible course of action and use mental simulation to evaluate that course of action. I believe this recognition. al model describes how decision making is usually carried out in real­ world settings. This conclusion is based on a series of studies in which it was found that recognitional decision malting is much more common than analytical decision making. Finally, I contrast the strengths and weaknesses of recognitional and analytical decision strategies.
Explore/Exploit Strategies in Autonomy

Within a reinforcement learning framework, ten strategies for autonomous control of the explore/exploit decision are reviewed, with observations from initial experiments on four of them. Control based on prediction error or its rate of change appears promising. Connections are made with explore/exploit work by Holland (1975), Thrun (1992), and Schmidhuber (1995a,b).
Implementation and evaluation of protocols translating methods for IPv4 to IPv6 transition

Today millions of computers are interconnected using the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and can not switch to the new version, IPv6, simultaneously. For this reason the IETF has defined a number of mechanisms for transitioning to the new protocol in a progressively and controlled manner. On the other hand, Internet Service Providers (ISP) will not have new IPv4 global addresses to offer in the near future due to the fact that these addresses will be exhausted [1]. A very interesting alternative for ISPs is to use IPv6 global addresses and, by some transitional method, access the current IPv4 backbone. This study aims to compare two methods of transparent access to the IPv4 Internet backbone, from networks that are "IPv6 only". To make the comparison, a software was developed, implementing an Application Layer Gateway (ALG), and Ecdysis was used to implement NAT64. Both trials used a network IPv6 Test Bed. This paper details the design principles and fundamental aspects of the ALG implementation, as well as the implementation of NAT64. Finally, we present the tests performed and conclusions drawn on the test platform.
Electrical stimulation in a time-dependent, passive bidomain

The passive, steady-state bidomain model has been used to predict the transmembrane potential (V,) induced in caidiac tissue when stimulated by current from a point 4ource [1,2) and when exposed to a uniform applied elecI iic field [3]. In more computer-intensive studies, active, r iine-dependent calculations of propagation in a bidomain haLe been performed 14-61. T h e passive, time-dependent Ihidomain IS a calculation of intermediate difficulty that iievertheless provides valuable physical insight.
Mathematics Education for a New Era: Video Games as a Medium for Learning

Stanford mathematician and NPR Math Guy Keith Devlin explains why, fun aside, video games are the ideal medium to teach middle-school math. Aimed primarily at teachers and education researchers, but also of interest to game developers who want to produce videogames for mathematics education, Mathematics Education for a New Era: Video Games as a Medium for Learning describes exactly what is involved in designing and producing successful math educational videogames that foster the innovative mathematical thinking skills necessary for success in a global economy. Read the author's monthly MAA column Devlin's Angle