Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diffusion of autoinducer is involved in regulation of the Vibrio fischeri luminescence system

The enzymes for luminescence in Vibrio fischeri are induced by the accumulation of a species-specific metabolite (autoinducer) in the culture medium. Tritium-labeled autoinducer was used to study the mechanism of autoinduction. When 3H-autoinducer was added to suspensions of V. fischeri or Escherichia coli, cellular concentrations equaled external concentrations. For V. fischeri, equilibration of 3H-autoinducer was rapid (within 20 s), and greater than 90% of the cellular tritium remained in unmodified autoinducer. When V. fischeri or E. coli cells containing 3H-autoinducer were transferred to autoinducer-free buffer, 85 to 99.5% of the radiotracer escaped from the cells, depending on the strain. Concentrations of autoinducer as low as 10 nM, which is equivalent to 1 or 2 molecules per cell, were sufficient for induction, and the maximal response to autoinducer occurred at about 200 nM. If external autoinducer concentrations were decreased to below 10 nM after induction had commenced, the induction response did not continue. Based on this study, a model for autoinduction is described wherein autoinducer association with cells is by simple diffusion and binding of autoinducer to its active site is reversible.
The effect of individual liveweight and use of teaser rams prior to mating on the reproductive performance of ewe hoggets

Abstract AIM: To determine the effects of liveweight (LW) and use of teaser rams prior to mating on both the mating performance and pregnancy rate of ewe hoggets. METHODS: Romney hoggets (n=841) were weighed and randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups; either exposed to seven harnessed, vasectomised (teaser) rams for 17 days prior to the breeding period (n=283); or not exposed to teaser rams (unteased, n=558). Harnessed Perendale rams were then introduced for two oestrous cycles. Using crayon marks, hoggets were identified as having been mated during the first 17 days only, during the second 17 days only, during both periods, or not mated. All mated hoggets were then scanned for pregnancy using ultrasound, 48 days after the end of the breeding period, and identified as being either non-pregnant, or as single-, twinor triplet-bearing. RESULTS: Hoggets mated in either the first 17 days only or in both the first and second 17-day periods were heavier than those mated in the second period only (p<0.001). Those mated in the first or second 17-day period only, and those mated in both periods were all heavier prior to mating than those not mated at all (p<0.001). Twin-bearing hoggets were heavier than both their single-bearing and non-pregnant counterparts (p<0.001). A greater proportion of the teased hoggets were mated in the first 17 days only compared with unteased hoggets (62.6 vs 32.1%; p<0.001). In contrast, more of the unteased hoggets were marked in the second 17-day period only (p<0.001). A greater proportion of mated, unteased hoggets were found to be non-pregnant in comparison to their teased counterparts (17.8 vs 11.2%; p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Heavier hoggets at breeding were more likely to be mated in the first 17 days of the breeding period and more likely to be twin-bearing. Use of teaser rams for 17 days prior to the breeding period increased the proportion of hoggets mated in the first 17 days, increased conception rates, and thus increased the proportion of pregnant hoggets. These results indicate that farmers should utilise teasers for 17 days prior to commencement of the breeding period and avoid mating hoggets that weigh below 36 kg.
Heart size estimated by echocardiography correlates with maximal oxygen uptake.

Maximum oxygen uptake also appears to correlate to athletic performance in horses. In the Thoroughbred industry, there has long been an empirical theory that heart size is related to athletic performance, despite a lack of scientific evidence supporting this assertion. To investigate the relationship between peak oxygen consumption (VO2max) and cardiac size measured by echocardiography, guided M-mode and 2-dimensional echocardiography were performed in 17 conditioned Thoroughbreds with a range of VO2max from 126 to 217 ml/min/kg STPD (mean +/- s.d. 158 +/- 28 m/min/kg). Horses were age 2-10 years and weighed 430-510 kg. Echocardiography was performed using a Vingmed System V echocardiograph with a 2.25 MHz phased array ultrasound transducer. All images were obtained from the right hemithorax using a short axis view of the left ventricle (LV) at the level of the chordae tendinae. All horses were free from significant regurgitation at the aortic or mitral valves. Maximal oxygen uptake was measured during a standardised incremental treadmill exercise test to fatigue. Maximal oxygen uptake was correlated significantly with LVIDd (r = 0.71; P = 0.001), MWT (r = 0.72; P = 0.001), LV mass (r = 0.78; P = 0.0002) and LV short-axis area (r = 0.69; P = 0.003). When indices of heart size were indexed to bodyweight, the correlation between VO2max and indices of heart size were LVIDd (r = 0.57; P = 0.01), MWT (r = 0.44; P = 0.07), LV mass (r = 0.78; P = 0.0002) and LV short-axis area (r = 0.69; P = 0.003). The current study suggests there is a strong relationship between VO2max and measurements of left ventricular size in Thoroughbred horses when individuals with a range of VO2max are compared.
Effect of aqua exercise on recovery of lower limb muscles after downhill running

Abstract The aim of the present study was to examine how the recovery of physiological functioning of the leg muscles after high-intensity eccentric exercise such as downhill running could be promoted by aqua exercise for a period until the damaged muscle had recovered almost completely. Ten male long-distance runners were divided equally into an aqua exercise group and a control group. From the first day (Day 0) to the fourth day (Day 3), the participants completed a questionnaire on muscle soreness, and serum creatine kinase activity, muscle power, flexibility, whole-body reaction time and muscle stiffness were measured. After measurements on Day 0, the participants performed downhill running (three 5 min runs with a 5 min rest interval at −10%, 335.7 ± 6.1 m · min−1). The aqua exercise group performed walking, jogging and jumping in water on three successive days following the downhill running on Day 0 for 30 min each day. Muscle power was reduced on Day 1 in the control group (P < 0.05). Muscle soreness in the calf on Day 3 was greater in the control group than that in the aqua exercise group (P < 0.05). In the aqua exercise group, muscle stiffness in the calf was less than that in the control group over 4 days (time main effect: P < 0.05; group × time interaction: P < 0.05). We conclude that aqua exercise promoted physiological functioning of the muscles in the legs after high-intensity downhill running for a period until the damaged muscles had recovered almost completely.
Comparison of patellar versus hamstring tendon autografts in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A 6-month follow-up of a randomized clinical trial

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using the patellar versus hamstring tendon (HT) autograft. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, fifty patients undergoing arthroscopic ACL reconstruction were randomized into two equal groups: Those treated with either autogenous patellar tendon grafts (PT group) or HT group grafts. All patients were reviewed immediately after surgery, at 6 and 12 weeks after surgery, and then at 6 months using the International Knee Documentation Committee evaluation form. Infection, severity of pain (visual analog scale), duration of rehabilitation, and clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were assessed at the 6-month follow-up. Positive pivot shift and Lachman test were considered clinical signs and symptoms of treatment failure. In addition, the absence of the ACL or transverse ACL rather than the posterior oblique ligament is an MRI finding that indicates treatment failure. Results: Comparing changes in pain and range of motion (ROM) in patients first and 6 months after therapy show that pain had been relief significantly (P < 0.001) and ROM dramatically changes (P < 0.001). The average rehabilitation period in the PT group was 13.2 ± 2.08 weeks whereas in the HT group, it was 9.28 ± 2.26 weeks. A significant difference was seen between the two groups in terms of the rehabilitation period (P < 0.001). No significant difference was found in the normal ROM between the groups (P = 0.32). When the pain severity was considered, a significant difference was found between the PT group and the HT group (P < 0.001). The HT group patients had less knee pain than did the PT group patients. No significant difference in infection rates was seen between two groups (P = 0.66). Conclusion: Considering the better outcomes of HT reconstructions for the two parameters of pain severity and rehabilitation period, we consider HTs to be the ideal graft choice for ACL reconstructions.
A more atherogenic serum lipoprotein profile is present in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study.

CONTEXT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with a higher frequency of cardiovascular risk factors. Apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and apoB are potent markers for cardiovascular risk. Data on apo levels in women with PCOS are scarce and contradictory. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to identify changes in lipid metabolism in women with PCOS, and the relative impact of obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism on lipid parameters. DESIGN This was a case-control study. SETTING The study was performed at a single referral center. SUBJECTS PCOS was diagnosed according to the 2003 Rotterdam criteria. Healthy mothers with regular menstrual cycles served as controls. MAIN OUTCOME PARAMETERS Fasting insulin, triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, apoA-I, and apoB were determined. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol was calculated using the Friedewald formula. RESULTS We included 557 women with PCOS and 295 controls. After correction for age and body mass index, PCOS women had higher median levels of insulin (10.1 vs. 6.9 mU/liter), TGs (95 vs. 81 mg/dl), cholesterol (196 vs. 178 mg/dl), and LDL-cholesterol (125 vs. 106 mg/dl) in combination with lower levels of HDL-cholesterol (46 vs. 55 mg/dl) and apoA-I (118 vs. 146 mg/dl) compared with controls (all P values < or = 0.01). apoB levels were similar in cases and controls. Free androgen index, body mass index, SHBG, and estradiol were independent predictors of apoA-I levels in women with PCOS. CONCLUSIONS PCOS is associated with a more pronounced atherogenic lipid profile. Furthermore, obesity and hyperandrogenism contribute to an adverse lipid profile. Finally, PCOS seems to constitute an additional risk factor for an atherogenic lipid profile.
On becoming and being an entrepreneurship educator: a personal reflection

Abstract Entrepreneurship education has been studied intensively since 1990, yet little attention is given in the literature to the critical role and impact of the individuals that design and deliver it; the entrepreneurship educators. Who are they and what do we understand about them? Professor Alain Fayolle in 2013 challenged us to address this gap. In this article I aim to take on board Fayolle’s challenge and provide a single case of my own experience on the journey to becoming and being an entrepreneurship educator. After exploring the purpose and value of autobiographical methods, I then present the reader with my life story as an emerging entrepreneurship educator in the UK. This provides the basis for self-reflection and self-discovery to highlight key patterns of development that have shaped me as an entrepreneurship educator. Finally I provide personal thoughts on the important role of entrepreneurship educators as entrepreneurial leaders within their institutions. This paper has been produced in the hope that it will encourage other educators to share their journeys so that as a community we can better understand the ‘who’ of entrepreneurship educators.
Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases: Factors Affecting Outcomes--A 10-year Experience at a Single Center.

PURPOSE To identify predictors of oncologic outcomes after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of colorectal cancer liver metastases (CLMs) and to describe and evaluate a modified clinical risk score (CRS) adapted for ablation as a patient stratification and prognostic tool. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study consisted of a HIPAA-compliant institutional review board-approved retrospective review of data in 162 patients with 233 CLMs treated with percutaneous RFA between December 2002 and December 2012. Contrast material-enhanced CT was used to assess technique effectiveness 4-8 weeks after RFA. Patients were followed up with contrast-enhanced CT every 2-4 months. Overall survival (OS) and local tumor progression-free survival (LTPFS) were calculated from the time of RFA by using the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank tests and Cox regression models were used for univariate and multivariate analysis to identify predictors of outcomes. RESULTS Technique effectiveness was 94% (218 of 233). Median LTPFS was 26 months. At univariate analysis, predictors of shorter LTPFS were tumor size greater than 3 cm (P < .001), ablation margin size of 5 mm or less (P < .001), high modified CRS (P = .009), male sex (P = .03), and no history of prior hepatectomy (P = .04) or hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (P = .01). At multivariate analysis, only tumor size greater than 3 cm (P = .01) and margin size of 5 mm or less (P < .001) were independent predictors of shorter LTPFS. Median and 5-year OS were 36 months and 31%. At univariate analysis, predictors of shorter OS were tumor size larger than 3 cm (P = .005), carcinoembryonic antigen level greater than 30 ng/mL (P = .003), high modified CRS (P = .02), and extrahepatic disease (EHD) (P < .001). At multivariate analysis, tumor size greater than 3 cm (P = .006) and more than one site of EHD (P < .001) were independent predictors of shorter OS. CONCLUSION Tumor size of less than 3 cm and ablation margins greater than 5 mm are essential for satisfactory local tumor control. Tumor size of more than 3 cm and the presence of more than one site of EHD are associated with shorter OS.
Mitotic cell death induction by targeting the mitotic spindle with tubulin-inhibitory indole derivative molecules

Tubulin-targeting molecules are widely used cancer therapeutic agents. They inhibit microtubule-based structures, including the mitotic spindle, ultimately preventing cell division. The final fates of microtubule-inhibited cells are however often heterogeneous and difficult to predict. While recent work has provided insight into the cell response to inhibitors of microtubule dynamics (taxanes), the cell response to tubulin polymerization inhibitors remains less well characterized. Arylthioindoles (ATIs) are recently developed tubulin inhibitors. We previously identified ATI members that effectively inhibit tubulin polymerization in vitro and cancer cell growth in bulk cell viability assays. Here we characterise in depth the response of cancer cell lines to five selected ATIs. We find that all ATIs arrest mitotic progression, yet subsequently yield distinct cell fate profiles in time-lapse recording assays, indicating that molecules endowed with similar tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity in vitro can in fact display differential efficacy in living cells. Individual ATIs induce cytological phenotypes of increasing severity in terms of damage to the mitotic apparatus. That differentially triggers MCL-1 down-regulation and caspase-3 activation, and underlies the terminal fate of treated cells. Collectively, these results contribute to define the cell response to tubulin inhibitors and pinpoint potentially valuable molecules that can increase the molecular diversity of tubulin-targeting agents.
Renal vasoconstriction after low and high osmolar contrast agents in ischemic and non ischemic canine kidney.

We have assessed the effect of contrast media on renal blood flow before and after inducing renal ischemia. Diatrizoate, iopamidol and ioxaglate were injected within 15 seconds at 20 min intervals, at the dose of 1 ml/kg during a control period and 15 min after applying an aortic clamp to reduce the renal perfusion pressure to 70 mmHg. During the control period iopamidol, ioxaglate (17 +/- 13%) and diatrizoate (16 +/- 2%) induced a comparable decrease in renal blood flow (RBF). During the ischemic period the effects of diatrizoate on renal hemodynamic were dramatically enhanced. Ioxaglate andiopamidol induced a 20 +/- 12 and a 32 +/- 9% decrease in RBF at 1 minute, respectively. Iopamidol induced an increase in renal vascular resistance (RVR) from 0.8 +/- 0.08 to 1.46 +/- 0.26 mmHg min/ml (p less than 0.05). Ioxaglate induced an increase in RVR from 0.8 +/- 0.09 to 1.36 +/- 0.38 (p less than 0.05). Diatrizoate induced a 77 +/- 10% decrease in RBF and a maximum increase in RVR at 1 minute from 0.9 +/- 0.09 to 26 +/- 12 mmHg min/ml. There was still a 36 +/- 14% and a 23 +/- 13% decrease in RBF 10 and 20 min after diatrizoate administration. These changes were significantly higher than those observed with all contrast media during the control period and low osmolar contrast media during the ischemic period. We have thus shown that ischemia potentiates the renal vascular effect of contrast media. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Microleakage of Bacteria in Different Implant-Abutment Assemblies: An in Vitro Study

Purpose The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the leakage observed for 2 different microbial species at the level of the implant–abutment (I-A) interface, and the marginal fit and size of microgap at the I-A interface in 2 different implant connections. Methods Ten specimens of each group were tested. The inner parts of 5 implants per group were inoculated with 0.1 μL of a viable Enterococcus faecalis suspension and 5 implants per group with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. All of the vials containing the control specimens were incubated at 37°C under aerobic condition for E. faecalis and 37°C in presence of 5% CO2 for A. actinomycetemcomitans. They were maintained for 14 days, and the possible penetration of bacterial suspension into the surrounding solution was determined by the observation of turbidity of the broth. The I-A interface was evaluated for size of microgap and measured under SEM. Five implants of each group were evaluated. The marginal fit between implant and abutment was measured at 8 random locations in each assembly, under different magnifications at the interface. Results No leakages through the I-A interface were demonstrated for either type of connection evaluated. The microgap values of all I-A interfaces ranged from 0.008 to 2.009 μm; the differences between the 2 systems were statistically significant. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that a good marginal fit of implant components seemed to be able to prevent bacterial leakage.
Stabilizing periodic solutions of nonlinear systems and applications in chaos control

In this paper, a simple nonlinear recursive delayed feedback controller is designed for stabilizing periodic solutions of a nonlinear system. The proposed controller is constructively designed and does not inherit the odd number limitation. The stability of the periodic solution of the closed-loop system is proved rigorously. Applying the control method to chaotic systems, one can effectively control chaos.
PONDOK PESANTREN: Lembaga Pendidikan Pembentukan Karakter

Islamic Boarding Schools are the forerunner of Islamic education institutions in Indonesia. The initial attendance of Islamic boarding schools was estimated from 300-400 years ago and reached almost all levels of the Indonesian Muslim community, especially in Java. After Indonesia's independence, especially since the transition to the New Order and when economic growth really increased sharply, Islamic boarding school education became more structured and the pesantren curriculum became better. For example, in addition to the religious curriculum, pesantren also offer general lessons using a dual curriculum, mone curriculum and Ministry of Religion curriculum. As an educational institution, pesantren are very concerned about the field of religion (tafaqquh fi al-din) and the formation of national character characterized by morality. The provisions of religious education are explained in the National Education Law Article 30 paragraph (4) that religious education is in the form of diniyah education, pesantren, and other similar forms. The existence of Islamic boarding schools is an ideal partner for government institutions to jointly improve the quality of education and the foundation of national character. This can be found from various phenomena that occur, such as fights between schools and distributors that are widespread and drug users among young people are rarely found they are boarding children or graduates of boarding schools.
Children with fever and cough at emergency care: diagnostic accuracy of a clinical model to identify children at low risk of pneumonia

Objectives To develop and validate a prediction model for the early identification of children with pneumonia in emergency care settings. Methods This was a diagnostic study with derivation and validation of multivariate logistic regression models. This study was carried out on children aged 1 month–16 years presenting with fever and cough visiting the pediatric emergency department of the Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (derivation population, n=504); Pediatric Assessment Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK (validation population 1, n=420); Accident & Emergency Department, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK (validation population 2, n=366). The outcome pneumonia is defined by the presence of pulmonary consolidations on chest radiograph or follow-up. Results In population 1, 78 (16%) children were diagnosed with pneumonia; in populations 2 and 3, this number was 58 (14%) and 27 (7%), respectively. A simple clinical decision rule on the basis of ill appearance, tachypnea, decreased oxygen saturation, and elevated serum C-reactive protein categorized children as being at a low (<5%) or a high (>16%) risk of pneumonia. The rule yielded a discriminative value of 0.79 (0.69–0.89) in the Rotterdam population and was validated well in the other two populations. Conclusion The risk of pneumonia can be assessed using three key clinical characteristics – overall assessment of the severity of illness, breathing rate, and oxygen saturation. Serum C-reactive protein contributes to the prediction of an intermediate risk of pneumonia in children. Children with a low risk of developing pneumonia with vital signs in the normal range can be discharged with effective safety netting, requiring neither antibiotics nor radiographs.