Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Validity of Law School Admission Test Scores for Repeaters: A Replication. LSAC Research Report Series.

This study, a partial replication of an earlier study by B. Pitcher (1977), examined the validity of using initial, most recent, highest, and average scores in decisions about repeat takers of the Law School Admission Test (LSAT). The study included only schools that enrolled 50 or more first-year students who had taken the LSAT on more than 1 occasion, resulting in a sample of 46 schools. As was consistent with earlier studies, repeat LSAT takers tended to earn lower scores no matter which score was considered. Data show that using average scores for repeaters tends to result in validity coefficients that are equal to or higher than the coefficients obtained using any of the other score options, but the differences are small. As in previous studies, data support the use of the simple average score for law school applicants who present multiple test scores. A primary advantage is that this makes use of all the data available about a candidate. However, score users need to be sensitive to individual differences among test takers and evaluate multiple scores in the context of additional information. (Contains 4 figures, 12 tables, and 7 references.) (SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. LS AC RESEARCH REPORT SERIES PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
Investigation of Wheelhouse Flow Interaction and the Influence of Lateral Wheel Displacement

The aim of this research was to improve the understanding of the complex flow featuresfound around a wheel and wheelhouse and to examine how the lateral displacement of the wheelaffects these features and the production of exhibited pressures and forces. A bespoke rotatingwheel rig and accompanying wheelhouse with a fully-pressure-tapped wheel arch was designedand manufactured at Loughborough University. Wind tunnel tests were performed where force andpressure measurements and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) data were obtained. The experimentaldata was used to validate unsteady CFD predictions where a k-! SST Improved Delayed DetachedEddy Simulation (IDDES) turbulence model was used in STAR-CCM+ (10.04.009, Siemens). The CFDshowed good agreement with all trends of the experimental results providing a validated numericalmethodology. For both methodologies, a lower amount of wheelhouse drag was found generatedwhen the wheel was rotating. However, the CFD showed that whilst this was the case, totalconfiguration drag had increased. This was attributed to an increase of the wheel and axle drag,illustrated by the change in separation over the wheel itself when located within a wheelhouseand so overcompensating the reduction in body and stand drag. Differences in vortex locationswhen comparing to previously-attained results were due to differences in housing geometry, suchas blockage in the cavity or housing dimensions. Experimental and computational results showedthat up until a 10 mm displacement outboard of the housing, overall drag decreased. The reductionin housing drag was credited to a reduction in the size of outboard longitudinal vortex structures.This led to the lateral width of the shear layer across the housing side being narrower. Overall, thisstudy identified that there were potential benefits to be gained when offsetting a wheel outboard ofthe longitudinal edge of a model housing.
Experimental Analysis of Cross-Layer Optimization for Distributed Wireless Body-to-Body Networks

We investigate the performance of cross-layer optimized routing across distributed wireless body-to-body networks (BBNs), based on real-life experimental measurements. Two types of dynamic routing are analyzed: shortest path routing (SPR), and cooperative multi-path routing (CMR) associated with selection combining. An open-access experimental dataset incorporating ‘everyday’ mixed-activities is used for analyzing and comparing the cross-layer optimized routing protocols with different wireless sensor network protocols, i.e., ORPL and LOADng, and also with a standard star topology routing within a BBN (multiple, connected, body area networks). Negligible packet error rate is achieved by applying CMR and SPR techniques with reasonably sensitive receivers. Moreover, at 10% outage probability, CMR gains up to 12, 8, 7, and 6 dB improvements over star topology routing, ORPL, SPR, and LOADng, respectively. We show that CMR achieves the highest throughput (packets/s) while providing acceptable end-to-end delay with 95 ms maximum, at −100 dBm receive sensitivity. The use of an alternate path in CMR reduces retransmissions and increases the packet success rate, which significantly reduces the end-to-end delay and energy consumption for CMR with respect to the other protocols. It is also shown that the combined channel gains across SPR and CMR are gamma and Rician distributed, respectively.
Analytical models of the wall-pressure spectrum under a turbulent boundary layer with adverse pressure gradient

This paper presents a comprehensive analytical approach to the modelling of wall-pressure fluctuations under a turbulent boundary layer, unifying and expanding the analytical models that have been proposed over many decades. The Poisson equation governing pressure fluctuations is Fourier transformed in the wavenumber domain to obtain a modified Helmholtz equation, which is solved with a Green’s function technique. The source term of the differential equations is composed of turbulence–mean shear and turbulence–turbulence interaction terms, which are modelled separately within the hypothesis of a joint normal probability distribution of the turbulent field. The functional expression of the turbulence statistics is shown to be the most critical point for a correct representation of the wall-pressure spectrum. The effect of various assumptions on the shape of the longitudinal correlation function of turbulence is assessed in the first place with purely analytical considerations using an idealised flow model. Then, the effect of the hypothesis on the spectral distribution of boundary-layer turbulence on the resulting wall-pressure spectrum is compared with the results of direct numerical simulation computations and pressure measurements on a controlled-diffusion aerofoil. The boundary layer developing over the suction side of this aerofoil in test conditions is characterised by an adverse pressure gradient. The final part of the paper discusses the numerical aspect of wall-pressure spectrum computation. A Monte Carlo technique is used for a fast evaluation of the multi-dimensional integral formulation developed in the theoretical part.
PENGARUH TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL DENGAN SISTEM PENGUKURAN KINERJA DANSISTEM PENGHARGAAN (REWARD) SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING PADA PT INKA (PERSERO) MADIUN

Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh Total Quality Managemen t (TQM) terhadap kinerja manajerial dengan sistem pengukuran kinerja dan sistem penghargaan (reward) sebagai variabel moderating pada PT INKA (Persero) Madiun. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah para manajer tingkat menengah dan bawah yang bekerja pada PT INKA Madiun. Kuesioner yang disebar sebanyak 37 eksemplar, yang kembali 32 eksemplar, yang tidak kembali 5 eksemplar, yang tidak dapat diolah 1 eksemplar, jadi yang dapat diolah seluruhnya berjumlah 31 eksemplar. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel dengan kriteria tertentu. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda. Berdasar hasil uji t untuk TQM menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,002 0,05, berarti TQM yang dimoderasi dengan sistem pengukuran kinerja tidak berpengaruh secara signifikansi terhadap kinerja manajerial. Interaksi antara TQM dengan sistem penghargaan menunjukan nilai signifikansi sebebsar 0,065 > 0,05 berarti TQM yang dimoderasi dengan sistem penghargaan tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja manajerial.
Algorithm of steering kernel bilateral filtering

In order to keep edge character and avoid manual pre-definition of the parameters of existing bilateral filtering,a steering kernel bilateral filtering is proposed,which set the parameters of steering kernel adaptively.The steering kernel is designed based on the structure tensor and object scale.The direction angle and the proportion of axial length are set by structure tensor,and the length of short axis is obtained by calculating the object scale.Hence,the projection of the steering kernel is a large-scale circle in smooth regions;it is a slender oval in edge regions,and it changes to small-scale circle in corner regions.Simulation results show that the bilateral filtering based on the steering kernel can filter out the noise effectively and keep more edge characters.The algorithm is superior to traditional bilateral filter,gray-natural logarithm bilateral and the modified bilateral filters in both subjective and objective evaluations.
Investigations into the involvement of Tie2 in endothelial:mural cell interactions.

by BeDjamin John Dunmore BSc (HODS) InvestigatioDS into the Involvement of Tiel in Endothe6al:MuraI Cell Interactions The interaction of endothelial cells and mural cells play a critical role in the stabilisation and maturation of the embryonic and postnatal vasculature. Several pathological situations exhibit poor and abnormal endothelial and mural cell association. In this study immunohistochemical analysis revealed dysmorphogenic microvessels within atherosclerotic plaques are lacking mural cells. Similar dysmorphogenic mural cell poor vessels were also observed in human myocardium following laser induced myocardial injury. In both cases elevated VEGF was detected associated with the mural cell poor vessels. To gain insight into the mechanisms controlling mural cell recruitment assays were established to examine directly smooth muscle cell migration and adhesion between smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells in culture. These assays were used to study the involvement of the angiopoietin/Tie2 system in recruitment and retention of mural cells. Ang-l was observed to stimulate endothelial-directed migration of putative mural cell precursors. The ligand also increased adhesion between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. To investigate further the possible role of Tie2 in interaction between endothelial cells and mural cells a mutant form of the receptor found in inherited venous malformations (VM) was studied. The form of VM associated with this mutant receptor is characterised by dysmorphogenic, enlarged mural cell vessels. Surprisingly, mutant Tie2 did not inhibit endothelial-induced mural cell migration or adhesion between endothelial cells and mural cells. Taken together these data suggest Tie2 has a role in regulating endothelial:mural cell interaction. Furthermore, the presence of mural cell poor vessels in the atherosclerotic plaque, injured myocardium and inherited VM may reflect escape of these vessels from regression by the presence of survival factors in the case of the plaque and injured myocardium, or constitutive anti-apoptotic signalling from mutant Tie2 in the case of VM.
Perspectives and Future Directions Concerning Fresh, Whole Foods in Montana School Nutrition Programs.

Purpose/Objectives To meet new USDA school meal standards, school nutrition programs may need to transition from a “heat and serve” meal preparation approach to increased scratch cooking and use of fresh, whole foods. This study aims to assess the attitudes, motivations, and barriers for Montana school nutrition professionals and key stakeholders regarding the use of whole, fresh food in school nutrition programs. Methods The researchers conducted a survey of Montana school nutrition program staff (n=103) and semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders (n=12) including current and former school nutrition program staff (n=9), AmeriCorps FoodCorps service members (n=2), and a state level Farm to Cafeteria director (n=1). Survey responses were analyzed for statistically significant differences in responses between school nutrition programs based on size. Interviews were transcribed and coded to identify prevalent themes. Results: Study participants identified numerous benefits to utilizing fresh, whole foods including increased ability to meet USDA standards. A number of barriers and challenges were also identified including lack of staff training, time limitations, food cost, and inadequate equipment. Applications to Child Nutrition Professionals Training and professional development specific to the needs of the school nutrition program may address some barriers to utilizing fresh, whole foods and increasing adherence to National School Lunch Program and School Breakfast Program standards. However, changes in institution, community, and federal policies are necessary to facilitate broad adoption of scratch cooking and use of fresh, whole foods in school nutrition programs.
Diagnostic Histopathology of the Breast

Anatomy. Stages of Breast Development. The Male Breast and Gynaecomastia. Cysts and Apocrine Change. Adenosis. Miscellaneous Non-Neoplastic Conditions. Fibroadenoma and Related Changes. Columnar Alteration of Lobules. Radial Scars and Complex Sclerosing Lesions. Papilloma and Related Lesions. Epithelial Hyperplasia. Carcinoma in Situ (CIS). Infiltrating Carcinoma: Major Histological Types. Uncommon Types of Invasive Carcinoma. Rare Patterns of Invasive Carcinoma. Miscellaneous Features of Carcinoma. Grading of Invasive Carcinoma of the Breast. Non-Intrinsic Tumours. Metastasis of Breast Cancer. Sarcomas of the Breast
A RGC-based, low-power, CMOS transimpedance amplifier for 10Gb/s optical receivers

ABSTRACT In this paper, a new low-power transimpedance amplifier (TIA) based on a modified Regulated Cascode (RGC) circuit structure followed by a closed-loop post-amplifier is proposed for 10 Gb/s applications. The main objective of this work is to reduce the power consumption while, the frequency bandwidth of the proposed amplifier is increased considerably. The booster of a conventional RGC is modified by a cascoded transistor and its effect on the performance of the circuit is studied mathematically, which are verified by simulations. The bandwidth extension is occurred due to increasing the gain of the booster amplifier in the RGC stage, which isolates further the input capacitance and results in a reduced input resistance value hence, a higher input pole frequency is obtained in comparison with other conventional RGC structures. On the other hand, by using an active inductive peaking technique, the frequency of the output pole is also increased which results in a further extension of the frequency bandwidth for the proposed circuit. The proposed TIA is simulated using 90 nm CMOS technology parameters, which shows a 50.5 dBΩ transimpedance gain, 7.3 GHz frequency bandwidth and 1.22 µArms input referred noise value for only 1 mW of power consumption at 1.2 V supply voltage.
Automatic Background Construction and Object Detection Based on Roadside LiDAR

High-resolution micro traffic data are important to traffic safety and efficiency analysis. In this study, a roadside LiDAR sensor is used to collect 3D point clouds of surrounding objects. An automatic background construction and object detection method is proposed on the basis of the operation principle of the LiDAR sensor. In the algorithm, the discrete horizontal and vertical angular values can be considered as coordinates of pixels in digital images, and the farthest and mean distance of each azimuth are used to construct the background dataset. Then, vehicle and pedestrian points are extracted on the basis of the distance difference of each point with the same angular value between the target frame dataset and the background dataset. A density-based spatial clustering method is employed to group points into clusters and identify vehicles and pedestrians automatically. Finally, the performance of the algorithm is tested for roadside LiDAR data preprocessing under different traffic conditions. Our algorithm can perform well with high accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm can achieve a larger detection range and exhibit lower time complexity in comparison with a previously proposed algorithm.
Effects of nutrition education on the nutrition knowledge of future aerobic dance instructors

OF THE THESIS EFFECTS OF NUTRITION EDUCATION ON THE NUTRITION KNOWLEDGE OF FUTURE AEROBIC DANCE INSTRUCTORS by Abbe Michelle Breiter Florida International University, 1997 Miami, Florida Professor Fatma G. Huffman, Major Professor The effectiveness of nutrition education on the nutrition knowledge of future aerobic instructors was studied. Forty-seven subjects participated in the study. The experimental group (n=31) chose to and paid for a two-hour per week session of structured nutrition education for four weeks, the control group (n=16) did not. A nutrition knowledge test was completed by all subjects before and after the intervention. Results were analyzed for relationships between subject's nutrition knowledge and age, gender, educational background, income, and body mass index. No significant differences were found between the groups. The results showed that prior to any formal nutrition education, fitness instructors in the experimental and control groups had low nutrition knowledge (8.06% 16.4% and 4.38%+4.12%, respectively). Post-intervention nutrition knowledge significantly improved (p<0.001) for the experimental group (42.6%119.3%) as compared to the control group (8.5% 19.5). Thirty-one out of fifty questions showed significant improvement for experimental subjects (p <0.05). The data suggest that with formal nutrition education, the nutrition knowledge of future aerobic instructors can be significantly improved.
The Electronic Realization of Synchronous Machines: Model Matching, Angle Tracking, and Energy Shaping Techniques

In this article, we investigate grid-forming and grid-following control strategies starting from a nonlinear state-space modeling viewpoint. An electronic synchronous machine is an inverter whose integral of the dc-bus measurement generates the angle of the instantaneous modulation vector. We show how this minimal augmentation constitutes an exact physical realization without requiring inner-current loops. The dc-link capacitance becomes the equivalent rotational inertia of the converter. Additional features, such as a phase locked loop, a voltage controller, and a power tracking mechanism are then designed via two energy-shaping techniques. One energy function is used to implement a grid-following control scheme, via the inherent synchronizing torque, while the other is used to implement a grid-forming control scheme. An alternative interpretation of active-power droop is suggested by this method. The results are first derived systematically, and then evaluated experimentally on a front-to-front setup.
Factors Affecting Sustainable Market Acceptance of Residential Microgeneration Technologies. A Two Time Period Comparative Analysis

On a global scale, the residential sector is responsible for a significant part of consumed energy, of which the major part is dependent upon fossil fuels. A solution for the reduction of fossil fuel use is the application of residential microgeneration technologies. The present study examines the market acceptance factors of such systems in Greece, as well as how these factors change over time, based on real decisions made by consumers. In this context, two surveys applying a common questionnaire were performed in 2012 and 2019 in order to examine the effects of (a) socioeconomic, residence, and spatial characteristics, (b) environmental awareness and behavior, and (c) factors related to consumer behavior, attitudes, and system attribute preferences. Factors affecting the installation of a microgeneration system are gender, age, income, residence type, ownership and size, environmental behavior, use of a subsidy program, as well as views on costs and market-related issues. When evaluating the effect of these factors over time, socioeconomic and residence characteristics, as well as environmental behavior, seem to have a fixed effect to the installation of residential microgeneration systems, with market acceptance fluctuations being related mainly to market conditions, including existing subsidy programs, expectations on fuel prices, and legislation.
Low-Power, Bio-Inspired Time-Stamp-Based 2-D Optic Flow Sensor for Artificial Compound Eyes of Micro Air Vehicles

We report a low-power, bio-inspired mixed-signal 2-D optic flow sensor to realize artificial compound eyes, which can provide a wide field of view (FoV) sensing capability for autonomous navigation of micro-air-vehicles (MAVs). Inspired by insect vision, a 2-D time-stamp algorithm has been developed to scale the number of deployable sensors at low power. The fabricated sensor estimates 16-b 2-D optic flows of maximum 1.96 rad/s with FoV of 60° from the integrated mixed-signal algorithm core, which consumes only 243.3 pJ/pixel or <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim 30~\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 120 fps. In addition, the peripheral circuits for modular design have been integrated on chip to provide optic flow data compression, wide-field integration (WFI), and serial peripheral interface (SPI). More than 25 sensors can be connected in a single SPI bus and transmit the full resolution optic flows. The fabricated prototype sensor supports full resolution 2-D optic flows from an array of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$64\times 64$ </tex-math></inline-formula> pixels at 120 fps through a 3 MB/s SPI bus (4 wires total).
Identifying and predicting key features to support bug reporting

Bug reports are the primary means through which developers triage and fix bugs. To achieve this effectively, bug reports need to clearly describe those features that are important for the developers. However, previous studies have found that reporters do not always provide such features. Therefore, we first perform an exploratory study to identify the key features that reporters frequently miss in their initial bug report submissions. Then, we propose an approach that predicts whether reporters should provide certain key features to ensure a good bug report. A case study of the bug reports for Camel, Derby, Wicket, Firefox, and Thunderbird projects shows that Steps to Reproduce, Test Case, Code Example, Stack Trace, and Expected Behavior are the additional features that reporters most often omit from their initial bug report submissions. We also find that these features significantly affect the bug‐fixing process. On the basis of our findings, we build and evaluate classification models using four different text‐classification techniques to predict key features by leveraging historical bug‐fixing knowledge. The evaluation results show that our models can effectively predict the key features. Our comparative study of different text‐classification techniques shows that naïve Bayes multinomial (NBM) outperforms other techniques. Our findings can benefit reporters to improve the contents of bug reports.