Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlates of AUDIT Risk Status for Male and Female College Students

Abstract Objective: The current study identified gender-specific correlates of hazardous drinker status as defined by the AUDIT. Participants: A total of 462 college student volunteers completed the study in 2006. The sample was predominantly Caucasian (75%) and female (55%). Methods: Participants completed a survey assessing demographics, alcohol use patterns, and health indices. Scores of 8 or more on the AUDIT defined the at-risk subsample. Logistic regression models determined which variables predicted AUDIT risk status for men and women. Results: The at-risk participants reported higher alcohol use and related problems, elevated sleep problems and lower health ratings. High typical blood alcohol concentration (BAC), lifetime drug use, and psychosocial problems predicted risk status for males. Binge frequency and psychosocial problems predicted risk status for females. Conclusions: Different behavioral profiles emerged for men and women identified as hazardous drinkers on the AUDIT. The efficacy of brief alcohol interventions could be enhanced by addressing these behavioral correlates.
Fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal distal to the tuberosity. Classification and guidelines for non-surgical and surgical management.

Between 1973 and 1982 forty-six fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal, distal to the tuberosity, were treated and followed for a mean of forty months (range, six to 108 months). Roentgenographic criteria were used to define three types of fractures: acute fractures characterized by a narrow fracture line and absence of intramedullary sclerosis; those with delayed union, with widening of the fracture line and evidence of intramedullary sclerosis; and those with non-union and complete obliteration of the medullary canal by sclerotic bone. Of the twenty-five acute fractures in this series, fifteen were treated with a non-weight-bearing toe-to-knee cast, and fourteen of them healed in a mean of seven weeks. Only four of the other ten, which were treated with various weight-bearing methods, progressed to union. Of the twelve patients with delayed union, one refused treatment, one was treated with a bone graft, and ten were treated initially by immobilization of the limb in a plaster cast and weight-bearing. Of these ten fractures, seven healed in a mean of 15.1 months and three eventually required grafting for non-union. Of the nine non-unions in the series, which were treated primarily with medullary curettage and bone-grafting, eight healed in a mean of three months. In all, twenty fractures were treated surgically with an autogenous corticocancellous graft that was inlaid after thorough curettage and drilling of the sclerotic bone that obliterated the intramedullary cavity. Of these twenty fractures, nineteen progressed to complete healing and one, to asymptomatic non-union. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Retention of telescopic denture in elderly patients with maximum partially edentulous arch.

UNLABELLED The telescopic denture is one possible solution for prosthetic rehabilitation for a partially dentate arch with few remaining teeth, which is the reason why it is usually considered in elderly patients. The system of double crowns consists of the male component of attachment or patrix, which is cemented to the abutment tooth, and the female component of attachment or matrix, which is the removable part of the restoration. Retention force represents resistance to those forces which tend to separate the partial denture and supporting tissue in the occlusal direction. Its optimal value is 5-9 N per each patrix and it should strictly be between these limits as a stronger or weaker force will endanger the functionality of the denture or damage the supporting tissue of the abutment teeth. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to establish the exact value of the individual and total retention force of the completed telescopic system. METHOD The Bredent dynamometer was used for measuring these values. The study involved measuring the individual force of separation of 50 patrix-matrix components, and total force of 20 partial dentures of various designs retained by double crowns made in the Dental Laboratory of the Clinic for Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Stomatology, Belgrade University. The research was carried out in the period from January 2006 to October 2006. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The results showed different values of separation force - from very low values to those exceeding optimal limits. A reduction in the force of separation is necessary in the case of excessive tightness. If there was looseness between patrix and matrix, the cylindrical components of double crowns need to be lined by a suitable composite material.
PRODUCTION OF FREE RADICALS AND CATALASE ACTIVITY DURING ACUTE EXERCISE TRAINING IN YOUNG MEN

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly produced by cells that promote cellular oxidative damage and are neutralized by an antioxidant system including superoxide dismutase, glutathione, peroxidase and catalase. Male volunteers were exercised for 20 minutes, three days (60, 70 and 80% of maximum heart rate). Catalase activity and plasma malondialdehyde concentration were measured. The mean age of the volunteers was 25±7 years, with body mass index of 24.034.32 kg/m 2 . Acute exercise training produced an increase of malondialdehyde concentration that was exercise intensity-dependent in young volunteers. However, catalase activity shows a great variability at baseline and the percentual of reduction was exercise intensity-independent in this particular population. Therefore, our study shows that acute cycling exercise promotes an increase of oxidative stress that was exercise intensity-dependent in young volunteers. Furthermore, the antioxidant system measured by catalase activity was effective to counterbalance the ROS production showing a saturation behavior at an intensity of 70 % of maximum heart rate. (Biol.Sport 26:113-118, 2009)
Age-related fiber order in the optic tract of the ferret

In the ferret's optic tract, the position of retinofugal fibers has been related to their relative age by preferentially labeling the oldest fibers. It has been found that fiber order perpendicular to the pial surface represents the sequence of axon arrivals in the optic tract, the fibers furthest from the pia being the oldest. Immature ferrets, less than 34 days post-conception (E34), were given intravitreal injections of lectin-bound horseradish peroxidase or of 3H- amino acids. After survival times of 24 hr or less, the contralateral optic tract was uniformly labeled, whereas with longer survival times unlabeled zones were seen next to the pial border. These unlabeled zones were largest after injections into the youngest animals but were never seen when injections were made after E34, no matter what the survival time. The unlabeled zones were seen in the tracts of animals having unlabeled regions in the periphery of the retina. The unlabeled retinal ganglion cells are interpreted as ganglion cells formed after the injection was made, and unlabeled axons next to the pia in the tract are interpreted as the axons of these youngest cells. Some irregularities in the layered arrangement of the tract are described, and the fiber order in the tract is contrasted with that in the optic nerve behind the eye. It is shown that tract order is partially independent of order in the intraorbital part of the optic nerve. Between the retina and the optic tract, a sorting of fibers occurs not only in terms of the pattern of decussation, but also in terms of fiber age.
Evaluation of the influence exerted by different dental specialty backgrounds and measuring instrument reproducibility on esthetic aspects of maxillary implant-supported single crown.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence exerted by different dental specialty backgrounds as well as the validity and reproducibility of the Pink Esthetic Score/White Esthetic Score (PES/WES) and the modified Implant Crown Aesthetic Index (mod-ICAI) on the assessment of esthetic aspects of maxillary implants supported single-tooth prosthesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of fourteen examiners (Two orthodontists, two prosthodontists, two oral surgeons, two periodontists, two dental technicians, two dental assistants, and two postgraduate students in Implant Dentistry evaluated 20 photographs of single-implant-supported crowns and five photographs of unrestored teeth of esthetic zone in a two part study. The examiners assessed the photographs with each index (Pink Esthetic Score/White Esthetic Score and modified Implant Crown Aesthetic Index), twice with a week's interval. Orders of photographs were rearranged in the second assessment. RESULTS Kruskal-Wallis test results showed significant differences among all the six specialties (P ≤ 0.001). DAs and periodontists had significantly better ratings than other specialties with both indices. Prosthodontists had the lowest mean rank scores regardless of the index. Interobserver agreement was also lowest between the two prosthodontists (4-28%), rest of the groups had low-to-moderate agreement (20-80%) when limited allowance was accepted. With mod-ICAI, more interobserver agreement was noted within the specialty group than with PES/WES. CONCLUSIONS The PES/WES and the modified ICAI can be reliable estimates of esthetic outcomes. The assessor degree of specialization affected the esthetic evaluation with both the PES/WES and the modified ICAI. DAs and periodontists were identified to provide more favorable ratings than other specialties while prosthodontists were most critical in this study. With modified ICAI, more interobserver agreement within specialty resulted. The interexaminer agreement may be increased if more tolerance of 1-2 points is considered.
Development in Mice Lacking Invariant HLA-DQ Molecules and Lymphocyte Expression and Function of Transgenic

Krco and Chella S. DavidGovindarajan Rajagopalan, Michele K. Smart, Christopher J.http://www.jimmunol.org/content/169/4/1774J Immunol€2002; 169:1774-1783; ;Referenceshttp://www.jimmunol.org/content/169/4/1774.full#ref-list-1This article cites 57 articles, 28 of which you can access for free at: Subscriptionshttp://jimmunol.org/subscriptionsInformation about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: Permissionshttp://www.aai. org/ji/copyright.htmlSubmit copyright permission requests at: Email Alertshttp://jimmunol.org/cgi/alerts/etocReceive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at:
Contrasting Patterns of Nuclear and mtDNA Diversity in Native American Populations

We report an integrated analysis of nuclear (autosomal, X‐ and Y‐chromosome) short tandem repeat (STR) data and mtDNA D‐loop sequences obtained in the same set of 22 Native populations from across the Americas. A north to south gradient of decreasing population diversity was observed, in agreement with a settlement of the Americas from the extreme northwest of the continent. This correlation is stronger with “least cost distances,” which consider the coasts as facilitators of migration. Continent‐wide estimates of population structure are highest for the Y‐chromosome and lowest for the autosomes, consistent with the effective size of the different marker systems examined. Population differentiation is highest in East South America and lowest in Meso America and the Andean region. Regional analyses suggest a deviation from mutation–drift equilibrium consistent with population expansion in Meso America and the Andes and population contraction in Northwest and East South America. These data hint at an early divergence of Andean and non‐Andean South Americans and at a contrasting demographic history for populations from these regions.
Induced Technological Change: Firm Innovatory Responses to Environmental Regulation

In Hicks’s (1932) articulation of the induced technical change hypothesis, a change in relative prices stimulates innovation to conserve on relatively expensive inputs. We investigate the workings of this process when price changes result from environmental tax and the regulated firms perform the innovation themselves. We develop a simple dynamic model of a firm which faces a downward-sloping demand curve, produces output using clean and dirty inputs, and invests in clean and dirty research. The tax raises the relative price of the dirty input, increasing the relative attractiveness of pollutionaugmenting R&D while crowding out clean R&D. We demonstrate how this effect arises out of the tension between the incentive to innovate to increase revenue and the cost of the research necessary to generate inventions, elucidate its sensitivity to the characteristics of the firm, its market environment and the stringency of the tax, and elaborate its consequences for the firm’s profit and pollutant emissions.
Pilot scheduling schemes for multi-cell massive multiple-input-multiple-output transmission

This study addresses the pilot scheduling problem in multiuser multi-cell massive multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) systems, aiming at mitigating the inter-cell interference (pilot contamination), which constitutes a bottleneck of the system performance. First, the authors investigate the pilot reuse and scheduling problem in cellular systems with unlimited number of base station antennas, only considering the large fading coefficients. Three low-complexity pilot scheduling schemes are then proposed by maximising the system achievable sum rate, including the greedy algorithm, the tabu search (TS) algorithm and the greedy TS algorithm. Second, they investigate the pilot reuse problem among the inter-cell user terminals (UTs) under spatially correlated channels for massive MIMO transmission, trying to distinguish UTs sharing the same time-frequency resources from the spatial domain. A closed-form expression of the non-asymptotic downlink achievable rate is derived by exploiting the second-order channel statistical information. On the basis of the degree of the UTs’ covariance matrices overlap with each other, they further propose a spatial orthogonality-based greedy pilot scheduling algorithm. The proposed approaches can provide much better performance in the presence of pilot contamination. Theoretical analysis and numerical results both verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Reactivity to a Spouse’s Interpersonal Suffering in Late Life Marriage

Objective: To determine how older adult spouses react to their partners’ interpersonal suffering. Method: Spouses of individuals with musculoskeletal pain were recorded describing their partners’ suffering while their blood pressure (BP) was monitored. After the account, spouses described their distress. Speeches were transcribed and analyzed with Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count software and coded for interpersonal content. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted with interpersonal content variables predicting BP and distress. Exploratory qualitative analysis was conducted using ATLAS.ti to explore mechanisms behind quantitative results. Results: Describing partners’ suffering as interpersonal and using social (family) words were associated with higher systolic BP reactivity. Husbands were more likely to describe partners’ suffering as interpersonal. Qualitative results suggested shared stressors and bereavement-related distress as potential mechanisms for heightened reactivity to interpersonal suffering. Discussion: Spouses’ interpersonal suffering may negatively affect both men and women’s cardiovascular health, and older husbands may be particularly affected.
Endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthases variably modulate the oestrogen‐mediated control of blood pressure and cardiovascular autonomic control

We have shown previously that long‐term oestrogen (E2) replacement lowers blood pressure (BP) and improves cardiovascular autonomic control in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. In the present study, we investigated whether constitutive and/or inducible (i) nitric oxide synthase (NOS) modulate these E2 effects. We evaluated changes in BP, myocardial contractility index (dP/dtmax) and power spectral indices of haemodynamic variability following selective inhibition of endothelial (e) NOS with N5‐(1‐iminoethyl)‐ l‐ornithine (l‐NIO), neuronal (n) NOS with Nω‐propyl‐l‐arginine (NPLA) or iNOS with 1400W in telemetered OVX rats treated for 16 weeks with (OVXE2) or without (control; OVXC) E2. The OVXE2 rats exhibited: (i) reduced BP and increased dP/dtmax; (ii) cardiac parasympathetic dominance, as reflected by the reduced low‐frequency (LF; 0.25–0.75 Hz)/high‐frequency (HF; 0.75–3 Hz) ratio of interbeat intervals (IBILF/HF); and (iii) reduced LF oscillations of systolic BP, suggesting a reduced vasomotor sympathetic tone. Inhibition of eNOS (l‐NIO; 20 mg/kg, i.p.) elicited a shorter‐lived pressor response in OVXE2 than OVXC, rats along with reductions in dP/dtmax and increases in the spectral index of spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (index α). Treatment with 1 mg/kg, i.p., NPLA reduced BP and increased the IBILF/HF ratio in OVXE2 but not OVXC rats. The iNOS inhibitor 1400W (5 mg/kg, i.p.) caused no haemodynamic changes in OVXC or OVXE2 rats. Overall, constitutive NOS isoforms exert restraining tonic modulatory BP effects that encompass eNOS‐mediated reductions and nNOS‐mediated elevations in BP in OVXE2 rats. Baroreflex facilitation and dP/dtmax reductions may account for the shorter pressor action of l‐NIO in E2‐treated, compared with untreated, OVX rats.
Psychological distress, fatigue, burden of care, and quality of life in primary caregivers of patients with breast cancer undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of sociodemographic variables, psychological distress, fatigue, and quality of life (QOL) on burden of care in primary caregivers of patients with breast cancer undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT). DESIGN Descriptive, correlational, predictive. SETTING Urban National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center in the eastern United States. SAMPLE Convenience sample of 102 primary caregivers. METHODS Participants completed the sociodemographic data form, Piper Fatigue Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, QOL Index, and Measurement of Objective and Subjective Burden Scales prior to BMT during an oncology clinic visit. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Depression, anxiety, fatigue, QOL, and burden of care. FINDINGS Mean fatigue scores were low. Primary caregivers experienced moderate state anxiety and low trait anxiety. Some experienced severe depression. The objective burden of care mean score was slightly higher than the subjective mean score. Mean QOL scores were low. All variables were significantly intercorrelated, except subjective burden and temporal and sensory fatigue. Significant correlations were found between age and subjective burden, and income with fatigue temporal subscale, and state and trait anxiety. Family subscale of QOL was a significant predictor of objective burden. Age and trait anxiety were significant predictors of subjective burden. CONCLUSIONS Primary caregivers of patients with breast cancer scheduled for BMT experience fatigue, anxiety, burden of care, and low QOL. These caregivers may have tried to meet their needs and the patients' needs simultaneously. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Healthcare providers need to proactively assess primary caregivers of patients for fatigue, psychological distress, burden of care, and decreased QOL and provide nursing interventions tailored to individual needs.
Comparison of Magnitude Estimation and Interval Scaling of Loudness

To identify whether equal-appearing interval or magnitude estimation scaling resulted in a data set with a closer correlation to the physical stimuli involved 20 young adults completing two tasks. In Task 1 subjects used a 7-point equal-appearing interval loudness of 18 10-sec. samples of babble speech, presented randomly at intensities of 5 to 90 dB SPL. In Task 2 subjects used magnitude estimation scaling to rate these stimuli, presented in a randomized order. Analysis showed significantly high correlations for both scaling methods and the stimuli (Spearman rho= 1.00 and .99, respectively). Subjects can use either form of scaling to rate changes in loudness.
No pre-existing biases for heterospecific call traits in the frog Physalaemus enesefae


Abstract Previous phonotaxis studies with two species of the Physalaemuspustulosus species group indicated that female preferences for several heterospecific call traits resulted from sensory biases inherited from a common ancestor. In phonotaxis experiments, we determined whether Physalaemus enesefae, a distant relative of the P. pustulosus group, showed similar preferences for call traits not present in conspecific males. We presented females with a choice between the typical conspecific advertisement call and the same call to which we digitally appended a chuck from P. pustulosus, a squawk from P. freibergi, and an amplitude-modulated prefix from P. pustulatus. In addition we presented the advertisement call in doublets, a trait peculiar to P. coloradorum. We also analysed male vocal behaviour evoked in response to the same suite of stimuli. Physalaemus enesefae females did not prefer the calls of their own males with appended heterospecific traits over unmodified calls, nor conspecific calls in doublets over single calls. The lack of preference among females was not the result of a behavioural polymorphism. Female responses to repeated presentations of the same stimulus pair were not consistent. Males also did not show an enhanced vocal response to altered calls relative to the typical conspecific call. Consequently, there are no pre-existing biases for these heterospecific call traits in P. enesefae; pre-existing preferences in the P. pustulosus group could have been inherited from an ancestor not shared with P. enesefae, but data from other closely related species are needed to confirm this conclusion. Copyright 2002 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Analysis of Complications and Patient Satisfaction in Pedicled Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous and Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Breast Reconstruction

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate complications and patient satisfaction after pedicled transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) and deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap reconstruction at a single institution. There were 346 patients identified from 1999 to 2006 who underwent 197 pedicled TRAM and 217 DIEP flap reconstructions. Flap complication rates were similar between groups, whereas pedicled TRAM reconstructions had higher rates of abdominal bulge (9.5% vs. 2.3%, P = 0.0071) and hernias (3.9% vs. 0%, P = 0.0052). DIEP flap patients had significantly higher general satisfaction (81.7% vs. 70.2%, P = 0.0395), whereas aesthetic satisfaction was similar between groups. Furthermore, DIEP flap patients, particularly those undergoing bilateral reconstructions, were more likely to choose the same type of reconstruction compared with pedicled TRAM patients (92.5% vs. 80.7%, P = 0.0113). Understanding the differences in complications and satisfaction will help physicians and patients make informed decisions about abdominal-based autologous breast reconstruction.