Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Descriptor and Folksonomy Concurrence in Education Related Scholarly Research

Folksonomies are a decentralized yet collaborative form of classification based on user-defined keywords (also known as tags). Although this uncontrolled method of classification lacks rules for term standardization and usage, it has potential for organizational patterns and an emerging vocabulary (terminology). The objective of this research is to analyze the descriptors and tags from journal articles indexed in the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) and the folksonomy-based website CiteULike to determine overlap between the controlled and uncontrolled vocabularies. Metadata from 2,786 journal articles indexed in ERIC and CiteULike was collected using Perl and MySQL. The total metadata was comprised of 2,899 unique ERIC descriptors, 3,176 unique CiteULike tags, and 1,083 unique CiteULike users. An analysis of this metadata revealed that 240 of the CiteULike tags matched ERIC descriptors. The low number of tag-descriptor matches in this research indicates that CiteULike users do not use the same terminology as subject specialists who maintain descriptors in the ERIC thesaurus.
The pathogenesis of infection with Trypanosoma vivax in goats and cattle

The pathology of Trypanosoma vivax (stock Y-486) in East African goats (Galla cross Masai) and Friesian cattle was studied sequentially. In both goats and cattle parasitaemia was detectable six to seven days after inoculation with 1 X 10(5) trypanosomes. The goats were more susceptible than cattle as indicated by higher parasitaemias, more severe anaemia and death in 25 per cent of the goats. The major pathological changes occurred in the lymph nodes, spleen, eyes, pituitary gland, testicles and heart. There was marked, generalised lymph node enlargement associated with an increase in the number and size of lymphocytic follicles accompanied by germinal centre formation. The medullary cords of the lymph nodes were distended and distorted by the high population of plasma cells. Similar changes were noted in the spleen. However there was no evidence for extramedullary erythropoiesis in both organs. Inflammatory changes were noted in the eyes, pituitary glands, testicles and heart.
Oncologic and reproductive outcomes of cystectomy compared with oophorectomy as a treatment for borderline ovarian tumours.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the oncologic and reproductive outcomes of patients with borderline ovarian tumours (BOTs) who were treated with cystectomy or unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (USO). METHODS The medical records of patients with BOTs who were treated between 1997 and 2009 were reviewed retrospectively. The recurrence rates were compared between the USO and cystectomy groups. The reproductive outcomes were assessed by telephone interviews. RESULTS Patients with BOTs underwent a USO (n= 117) or cystectomy (n= 38). There were 12 patients who had recurrences: 1 patient had an invasive recurrence and 11 had borderline recurrences. The recurrence rate in the USO group (6.0%) was lower than in the cystectomy group (13.2%); however, this difference was not statistically significant (P= 0.110). All of the patients with recurrences were successfully treated with surgery and there was no clinical evidence of disease. Of the 116 patients contacted by telephone, 113 (97.4%) resumed menstruation following the surgery, and 45 of the 52 patients (86.5%) who attempted to conceive had successful pregnancies. USO (89.2%), like cystectomy (85.7%), resulted in excellent pregnancy rates for patients with BOTs. CONCLUSIONS A USO is an appropriate treatment for women with BOTs who wish to preserve fertility. However, a cystectomy is a satisfactory fertility-sparing therapy when a cystectomy is the only surgical option.
Exponential estimates and stabilization of uncertain singular systems with discrete and distributed delays

This paper is concerned with exponential estimates and stabilization for a class of uncertain singular systems with discrete and distributed delays. A sufficient condition, which does not only guarantee the exponential stability and admissibility but also gives the estimates of decay rate and decay coefficient, is established in terms of the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique and a new Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional. The estimating procedure is implemented by solving a set of LMIs, which can be checked easily by effective algorithms. Under the proposed condition, the algebraic subsystems possess the same decay rate as the differential ones. Moreover, a state feedback stabilizing controller which makes the closed-loop system exponentially stable and admissible with a prescribed lower bound of the decay rate is designed. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Theoretical framework for In-Car Navigation based on Integrated GPS/IMU Technologies

In this report the problem of vehicular navigation based on the integration of the global positioning system and an inertial navigation system is tackled. After analysing some fundamental technical issues about reference systems, vehicle modelling and sensors, a novel solution, combining extended Kalman Filtering with particle Fitering, is developed. This solution allows to embed highly nonlinear constraints originating from digital maps in the position estimation process and is expected to be implementable on commercial hardware platforms equipped with low cost inertial sensors. Theoretical framework for In-Car Navigation based on Integrated GPS/IMU Technologies Giorgio M. Vitetta, ∗ Gianmarco Baldini
Epidemiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Hordaland county, western Norway

The incidence, prevalence and prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the county of Hordaland, western Norway were determined for the years 1978 through 1988. The average annual incidence rate was 1.60 per 100000 population with a male to female ratio of 1.26 (95% confidence interval: 0.76–2.09). The maximal age‐specific annual incidence was 8.12 per 100000 and occurred in the age‐group between 61 and 65 years. The prevalence of ALS was 3.67 per 100000 on December 31, 1988. The average age at the onset of the disease was 60.9 years ranging from 34 to 82 years of age. Survival was studied with life table techniques. Median survival from the onset of symptoms was 28.0 months overall. In patients with bulbar onset the median survival was 24.0 months whereas it was 40 months in patients with spinal onset of disease (log rank test, P = 0.0004). The difference in survival between ALS with bulbar or spinal onset was not explained by age or sex differences in the two groups.
Success story of targeted therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia: a population-based study of patients diagnosed in Sweden from 1973 to 2008.

PURPOSE Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) management changed dramatically with the development of imatinib mesylate (IM), the first tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein. In Sweden, the drug was approved in November 2001. We report relative survival (RS) of patients with CML diagnosed during a 36-year period. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using data from the population-based Swedish Cancer Registry and population life tables, we estimated RS for all patients diagnosed with CML from 1973 to 2008 (n = 3173; 1796 males and 1377 females; median age, 62 years). Patients were categorized into five age groups and five calendar periods, the last being 2001 to 2008. Information on use of upfront IM was collected from the Swedish CML registry. RESULTS Relative survival improved with each calendar period, with the greatest improvement between 1994-2000 and 2001-2008. Five-year cumulative relative survival ratios (95% CIs) were 0.21 (0.17 to 0.24) for patients diagnosed 1973-1979, 0.54 (0.50 to 0.58) for 1994-2000, and 0.80 (0.75 to 0.83) for 2001-2008. This improvement was confined to patients younger than 79 years of age. Five-year RSRs for patients diagnosed from 2001 to 2008 were 0.91 (95% CI, 0.85 to 0.94) and 0.25 (95% CI, 0.10 to 0.47) for patients younger than 50 and older than 79 years, respectively. Men had inferior outcome. Upfront overall use of IM increased from 40% (2002) to 84% (2006). Only 18% of patients older than 80 years of age received IM as first-line therapy. CONCLUSION This large population-based study shows a major improvement in outcome of patients with CML up to 79 years of age diagnosed from 2001 to 2008, mainly caused by an increasing use of IM. The elderly still have poorer outcome, partly because of a limited use of IM.
D2-40 Immunohistochemistry—So Far!

D2-40 is a commercially available monoclonal antibody directed against human podoplanin, a transmembrane mucoprotein that is expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells. Since its introduction, D2-40 immunoexpression has been described in a variety of lymphovascular neoplasms including lymphangioma, Kaposi sarcoma, and hemangioendothelioma, as well as nonvascular neoplasms such as epithelioid mesothelioma, seminoma, and hemangioblastoma. More recently, D2-40 immunoexpression has been reported in primary adrenal cortical tumors, schwannomas, and adnexal tumors of the skin. This brief review provides an update on the everexpanding proposed applications of D2-40 immunohistochemistry in surgical pathology.
Unstructured Point Cloud Semantic Labeling Using Deep Segmentation Networks

In this work, we describe a new, general, and efﬁcient method for unstructured point cloud labeling. As the question of efﬁciently using deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) on 3D data is still a pending issue, we propose a framework which applies CNNs on multiple 2D image views (or snapshots) of the point cloud. The approach consists in three core ideas. (i) We pick many suitable snapshots of the point cloud. We generate two types of images: a Red-Green-Blue (RGB) view and a depth composite view containing geometric features. (ii) We then perform a pixel-wise labeling of each pair of 2D snapshots using fully convolutional networks. Different architectures are tested to achieve a proﬁtable fusion of our heterogeneous inputs. (iii) Finally, we perform fast back-projection of the label predictions in the 3D space using efﬁcient buffering to label every 3D point. Experiments show that our method is suitable for various types of point clouds such as Lidar or photogrammetric data.
Combat Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Portuguese Special Operation Forces Deployed in Afghanistan

Several combat- and noncombat-related stressors have been reported in Afghanistan. There is now accumulating evidence that suggests that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is linked to combat experiences; however, little is known about how these exposures might affect elite combat troops. This research aims to evaluate the prevalence of combat and noncombat related stressors, as well as PTSD in Portuguese Special Forces deployed in Afghanistan. Overall, participants reported high levels of exposure to combat and adverse physical conditions but also high levels of within-unit comradeship. The analysis also exposed that 2.7% of the participants reported symptoms compatible with PTSD and 8.8% with compatible partial PTSD. When the authors conducted a binary logistic regression, only the higher levels of combat exposure explained the symptoms of PTSD.
Wild boar (Sus scrofa) — reservoir host of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Slovakia

In Central Europe the wild boar population is permanently growing and consequently increasing the risk of foodborne infections. In this study serological and molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in wild boars was evaluated. Moreover, same samples were screened for the presence and genetic variability of tick-borne bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Blood samples collected from 113 wild boars from Southern Slovakia were examined for antibodies to T. gondii by indirect and to N. caninum by competitive ELISA. The presence of parasitic DNA in blood samples was determined by standard or real time PCR techniques. Antibodies against T. gondii and N. caninum were detected in 45 (39.8%) and 38 (33.6%) animals, respectively. Females were more frequently infected for both pathogens than males. The high seropositivity against both coccidia indicates a permanent occurrence of these pathogens in the studied locality. T. gondii DNA was confirmed in five seropositive boars (4.4%) and N. caninum in 23 blood samples (20.4%). Three out of 23 N. caninum PCR positive animals did not show seropositivity. Three out of 113 blood samples of wild boars were positive for A. phagocytophilum (2.7%). The obtained A. phagocytophilum sequences were 100% identical with GenBankTM isolates from Slovak dog (KC985242); German horse (JF893938) or wild boar (EF143810) and red deer (EF143808) from Poland. Coinfections of T. gondii with N. caninum and N. caninum with A. phagocytophilum were detected in single cases. Results suggest a potential zoonotic risk of toxoplasmosis transmission to humans and the spread of neosporosis to farm animals.
Studies on the mechanism of Janus green B staining of mitochondria. IV. Reduction of Janus green B by isolated cell fractions

Janus green B has been widely used as a supravital stain for mitochondria, and although the mechanism of this staining reaction is not completely understood, the early work of Michaelis ('00) and Bensley (Bensley, '11; Bensley and Bensley, '38) clearly indicated that the selectivity depends upon the slower rate of reduction of the dye by mitochondria as compared with other parts of the cell. Selective adsorption of the dye by mitochondria does not appear to play an important role; when an organ is perfused with Janus green B the dye is adsorbed initially on all parts of the cell and the mitochondria appear selectively stained only after the dye is reduced in the non-mitochondria1 portion of the cell (Bensley, '11; Bensley and Bensley, '38). In order to clarify the mechanism of the staining of mitochondria by Janus green B, we have undertaken a critical analysis of this staining reaction (Lazarow and Cooperstein, '50, '53a, b; Cooperstein and Lazarow, '50, '53; Cooperstein, Lazarow and Patterson, '53). We have shown previously that a number of partially purified dehydrogenase systems are capable of reducing Janus green B. We also demonstrated that in these systems the immediate reductant is a reduced flavoprotein (Cooperstein and Lazarow, '50, '53; Lazarow and Cooperstein, '53a) and suggested that any dehydrogenase system which can generate a reduced flavoprotein should be capable of reducing Janus green B in v i v a Preliminary experiments on the reduction of the dye by isolated cell fractions were also reported (Lazarow and Cooperstein, '50, '53a). The details of these studies and the results of subsequent more extensive studies are described in the present paper.
Hamster challenge potency assay for evaluation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae vaccines

A hamster immunization challenge assay described in the accompanying paper (M. F. Barile, D. K. F. Chandler, H. Yoshida, M. W. Grabowski, R. Harasawa, and S. Razin, Infect. Immun. 56:2443-2449, 1988) was used to examine protection against Mycoplasma pneumoniae disease by passive immunization and to evaluate the protective potency of a Formalin-inactivated whole-cell and a cell extract M. pneumoniae vaccine. Passive immunization with a globulin fraction of hyperimmune mule antiserum to M. pneumoniae provided hamsters some protection against the challenge. When hamsters were actively immunized, a single dose of Formalin-inactivated vaccine provided only minimal protection, whereas multiple doses of this vaccine, particularly when combined with adjuvant, provided good protection. A single dose of the cell extract vaccine did not protect animals, but two doses caused a marked reduction of disease when a priming dose was given intraperitoneally, followed by a booster dose intratracheally. The correlation between the level of metabolism inhibition antibodies to M. pneumoniae in the sera of vaccinated hamsters and the degree of protection as measured by reduction of lung pathological scores and colonization was poor, indicating that seroconversion rates for metabolism inhibition antibodies are not by themselves adequate to measure the potency of M. pneumoniae vaccines.
Needs for care among the relatives of long-term users of day care: A report from the Camberwell High Contact Survey

Synopsis We report the results of a survey of the burdens and needs for items of care of 45 supporters of long-term users of psychiatric day care facilities in Camberwell. The supporters reported high levels of disturbed behaviour and low levels of self-care skills in the attenders. They were also subject to high levels of social and economic burden, not all of which could be attributed to the attenders' problems. The needs assessment identified a large number of unmet needs, although the supporters themselves were largely resigned to their situation and expressed little dissatisfaction with the services they were offered. The advantage of conducting this kind of assessment of supporters' needs as a routine part of clinical practice was discussed.
Loss Aversion and Business Cycle Asymmetry

Loss aversion refers to the fact that people are distinctively more sensitive to losses than to gains. Loss averse agents are very risk averse around the reference point and exhibit asymmetric responses to positive and negative income shocks. In an otherwise standard RBC model, I study loss aversion in both consumption alone and consumption-and-leisure together. My results indicate that how loss aversion affects business cycle dynamics depends critically on the nature of the reference point. If, for example, the reference point is status quo, loss aversion dramatically lowers the effective inter-temporal rate of substitution and induces excessive consumption smoothing. In contrast, if the reference point is fixed at a constant level, loss aversion generates a flat region in the decision rules and asymmetric impulse responses to technology shocks. Under a reasonable parametrization, loss aversion has the potential to generate asymmetric business cycles with deeper and more prolonged recessions. (JEL classification: E03, E32)
Crowdfunding: Determinants of success and funding dynamics

Over the past years crowdfunding emerged as an alternative funding channel for entrepreneurs. In contrast to traditional financiers (banks, venture capital firms or angel investors), crowdfunding allows individuals to fund entrepreneurs directly even with small amounts. We received individual- level data from Startnext, the biggest crowdfunding platform in Germany, enabling us to investigate funding dynamics, explore pledgers' motivations and analyze projects' success determinants. We find substantial heterogeneity of how success (about half of the 2,252 projects in our dataset get funded) is reached. When two thirds of the funding duration has passed, the majority of projects (59%) that eventually get funded are not on a successful track. However, pledges in the final phase can only partially be explained by a rush to get still unfunded projects succeed. Overall, 18.7% of pledges are made to projects that already reached their funding target and our analysis shows that the increased funding towards the deadline is due to pledges to projects that already made it, particularly pre-selling pledges.
Defect size distribution in VLSI chips

VLSI patterns consisting of parallel lines of polysilicon with different spacings have been electrically tested. The number of observed shorts was found to be related to the line spacings by using an analytical model for the defect sensitive pattern areas. The distribution of defect sizes in the range from 0.5 to 1.4 mu m is proportional to x/sup -3/. The exponent value agrees with earlier distribution studies concerning defects several micrometers in size. <<ETX>>
Compliance, opposition, and behavior problems in toddlers born preterm or low birthweight.

Although children born preterm or low birth weight (PT LBW) are more likely to exhibit behavior problems compared to children born at term, developmental and family processes associated with these problems are unclear. We examined trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms in relation to toddler compliance and behavior problems in families with PT LBW infants. A total of 177 infants (93 boys, 84 girls) and their mothers enrolled in the study during the infant's NICU stay. Data were collected at five time points across 2 years. Assessments of maternal depressive symptoms were conducted at all time points, and toddler compliance and opposition to maternal requests and behavior problems were assessed at 2 years. Toddlers born earlier with more health problems to mothers whose depressive symptoms increased over time exhibited the most opposition to maternal requests during a cleanup task at 24 months, consistent with multiple risk models. Mothers with elevated depression symptoms reported more behavior problems in their toddlers. The study has implications for family-based early intervention programs seeking to identify PT LBW infants at highest risk for problem behaviors.
Amygdaloid and pontine projections to the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus

Amygdaloid and pontine projections to the feline ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (HVM) were studied with retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and anterograde transport of tritiated amino acids. Following injections of HRP into HVM, amygdaloid neurons were labeled in the ipsilateral cortical and medial nuclei and the ventral portion of the parvocellular part of the basal nucleus. In experiments in which HRP was injected into the tuberal hypothalamus following stria terminalis lesions, it was determined that amygdaloid neurons projecting to HVM by way of the stria terminalis were located in the cortical and medial nuclei while those projecting through another route, presumably the ventral amygdalofugal pathway, were found in the rostral part of the medial nucleus and the parvocellular basal nucleus.
Tonic and Frequency‐Dependent Vmax Block Induced by Imipramine in Guinea Pig Ventricular Muscle Fibers

The effects of imipramine (IMI) on transmembrane action potentials were studied in isolated guinea pig papillary muscles. In muscles driven at 0.02 and I Hz, IMI (10−7 to 5 ± 10−5 M) produced a concentration-dependent decrease in the maximum upstroke velocity (Vmax) of the action potential, but it had no effect on the resting membrane potential. In the presence of 10−5 M IMI, trains of stimuli at rates between 0.5 and 2 Hz led to an exponential decline in Vmax to a new steady-state level (K = 0.230 ± 0.09 AP−1 at 2 Hz). This frequency-dependent Vmax block was augmented at higher stimulation frequencies and at higher drug concentrations. The time constant of the recovery of Vmax from the frequency-dependent block was 2.5 s, this value being independent of the drug concentration. These values of onset and offset kinetics of IMI lie between those of drugs with fast and intermediate kinetie properties. IMI also shifted the curve relating membrane potential and Vmax in hyperpolarizing directions. These results suggested that IMI exhibited a frequency- and voltage-dependent inhibition of the fast sodium channels similar to that exhibited by other class lb antiarrhythmics. The possible role of this frequency- and voltage-dependent Vmax inhibition in the pro-antiarrhythmic effects of IMI is discussed.