Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using ethical orientations to explain administrative pressure to practice unethically: A pilot study

Abstract The promotion of students’ welfare is one of the central professional and ethical responsibilities of school psychology practitioners. However, some practitioners are subjected to pressure from administrators to engage in behavior that runs counter to ethical mandates and may be detrimental to students’ well-being. The phenomenon of administrative pressure to violate ethical standards might be explained by professionals’ adherence to disparate ethical philosophies, with school psychologists prioritizing the protection of individual rights and school principals valuing the “good of the many. ” This pilot study explored the feasibility of using a scenario-based instrument in drawing out and comparing the dominant ethical perspectives of school psychologists and school principals. Participants (N = 56) consisted of 35 school psychologists and 21 school principals who completed a survey measure that included six ethical dilemmas, each featuring a conflict between the rights of an individual student and benefits to the larger student body. Participants were required to select the more ethical of two solutions from options reflecting either Kantian or utilitarian considerations. The results of this investigation point to the possibility that school professionals endorse conflicting ethical philosophies under certain circumstances. Although both professional groups tended to favor a Kantian framework, school principals were comparatively more supportive of utilitarian principles. The incorporation of ethical vignettes into research aimed at identifying incompatibilities in ideological preferences seems to hold promise as an investigative technique. Implications for practice are offered with an emphasis on suggestions for bridging the gap between professional considerations of administrators and school psychologists.
Preventing Thalasemia: Parents’ Awareness of Thalassemia

In Indonesia, thalassemia is a major disease which increases its number every year. There were 7,238 patients of thalassemia major in Indonesia in 2016. The highest number was from West Java, 3,039 patients. Thalassemia is preventable. The increasing number of Thalasemia patients impacted the bigger cost of supportive treatment such as blood transfusion, iron chelation for a lifetime, and the cost of treatment when complications occur. In addition, patient and family also should deal with the psychology burdens. This study was to identify parents’ awareness of thalassemia towards thalassemia prevention in a public hospital in Bandung. This study applied quantitative descriptive method. It involved 99 parents of thalassemia children. The samples were chosen using the accidental sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic. The data were collected using a modification of Thalassemia Awareness Quesionnaire (TAQ). The results showed that the majority of parents 53 (53.4%) had low awareness of thalassemia, and 47 (46.5%) of parents had high awareness. Similarly, the majority of parents had low awareness of thalassemia prevention 58 (58,5%), and only 42 (41,4%) of parents had a high category of awareness. Developing of strategy or program to improve the awareness of parents with thalassemia towards thalassemia prevention is needed. Nurses have a role as a provider and educator of thalassemia health information and prevention.
Reproductive character displacement by the evolution of female mate choice

Background: Interspecific mating often results in the loss of female reproductive success and can lead to the extinction of a species. In such situations, females evolve a stronger mate preference to avoid heterospecific mating, which promotes pre-mating barriers between species. Questions: What is the magnitude of reproductive character displacement and how large is the damage done by reproductive interference? What is the effect of female mate preference on reproductive character displacement? Can the character displacement prevent extinction of the species? Key assumptions: There are two closely related species whose individuals can mate but whose hybrids are inviable. One, the resident, lives in an isolated area where it is common. Individuals of the other, the invader, regularly migrate to the isolated area. Resident females accept mates based on a male ornament or other secondary sexual trait. Both female preference and the male trait are determined by sex-limited autosomal loci. Methods: Build mathematical models for male and female fitnesses. Analyse the evolution of male and female traits. Deduce the amount of character displacement caused by resident females evolving to prefer males that do not resemble invaders. Deduce the evolutionary change of resident male traits. Determine the effect on character displacement of varying the fitness cost of interspecific mating to the females. Calculate numerically the course of the evolutionary transition as well as the time required to complete it. Study the chance that the invasion will cause the extinction of the resident species. Conclusions: Both the resident male trait and the resident female preference evolve away from the male trait of the invader. The evolutionary shift in the male trait is largest at an intermediate intensity of female mate choice. Equilibrium in male and female traits is maintained by the balance between natural and sexual selection, and the male trait value most preferred by females is more exaggerated than the actual male trait. Sexual dimorphism may evolve if female morphology (as opposed to female preference) remains at the viability optimum. The risk of extinction of the resident species strongly depends on the speed of extinction relative to the time it takes for the adaptation to evolve.
Spatial structure and ecological variation of meroplankton on the French-Belgian coast of the North Sea

The spatial pattern of specific populations or communities plays an important role in ecological theories such as species diversity, community succession and stability. A method based on canonical correspondence ordination (CCA) and constrained ordination was used to partition the variahon observed in the species abundance data matrix into 4 independent components: spatial, environmental, spa t~a l + environmental, undetermined. Mantel and partial Mantel test results were In accordance with CCA results.
Molecular dissociation induced by electron transfer to multicharged ions

Stel je loopt 's nachts op een verlaten landwegen in de verte zie je twee witte lichten. Wat zou het zijn? Je kijkt nog eens iets beter en dan weet je het al, het is een auto en hij komt naar je toe . Zie: title-samevatting
An Empirical Reassessment of the Relationship between Finance and Growth

This paper reexamines the empirical relationship between financial development and economic growth. It presents evidence based on cross-section and panel data using an updated dataset, a variety of econometric methods, and two standard measures of financial development: the level of liquid liabilities of the banking system and the amount of credit issued to the private sector by banks and other financial institutions. The paper identifies two sets of findings. First, in contrast with the recent evidence of Levine, Loayza, and Beck (2001), cross-section and panel-data-instrumental-variables regressions reveal that the relationship between financial development and economic growth is, at best, weak. Second, there is evidence of nonlinearities in the data, suggesting that finance matters for growth only at intermediate levels of financial development. Moreover, using a procedure appropriately designed to estimate long-run relationships in a panel with heterogeneous slope coefficients, there is no clear indication that finance spurs economic growth. Instead, for some specifications, the relationship is, puzzlingly, negative.
The Monash Simple Climate Model 1 Experiments ( MSCM-DB v 1 . 0 ) : An 2 interactive database of mean climate , 3 climate change and scenario 4 simulations 5 By

20 This study introduces the Monash Simple Climate Model (MSCM) experiment 21 database. The model simulations are based on the Globally Resolved Energy 22 Balance (GREB) model. They provide a basis to study three different aspects of 23 climate model simulations: (1) understanding the processes that control the 24 mean climate, (2) the response of the climate to a doubling of the CO2 25 concentration, and (3) scenarios of external CO2 concentration and solar 26 radiation forcings. A series of sensitivity experiments in which elements of the 27 climate system are turned off in various combinations are used to address (1) 28 and (2). This database currently provides more than 1,300 experiments and has 29 an online web interface for fast analysis of the experiments and for open access 30 to the data. We briefly outline the design of all experiments, give a discussion of 31 some results, and put the findings into the context of previously published 32 results from similar experiments. We briefly discuss the quality and limitations 33 of the MSCM experiments and also give an outlook on possible further 34 developments. The GREB model simulation of the mean climate processes is 35 quite realistic, but does have uncertainties in the order of 20-30%. The GREB 36 model without flux corrections has a root mean square error in mean state of 37 about 10°C, which is larger than those of general circulation models (2°C). 38 However, the MSCM experiments show good agreement to previously published 39 studies. Although GREB is a very simple model, it delivers good first-order 40 1 Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss. , https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2018-143 Manuscript under review for journal Geosci. Model Dev. Discussion started: 1 August 2018 c © Author(s) 2018. CC BY 4.0 License.
Apport de la technique PCR pour une meilleure compréhension de l'épizootiologie des trypanosomoses bovines : exemple de la zone d'aménagement pastoral de Yalé au Burkina Faso

La technique PCR (polymerase chain reaction) a ete utilisee pour l'identificat-ion des trypanosomes chez des glossines et des bovins infectes provenant de la zone d'amenagement pastoral de Yale, au sud du Burkina Faso. Sur les 84 intestins moyens parasitologiquement positifs de Glossina tachinoides qui ont ete analyses, 50 ont pu etre identifies par PCR (Trypanosoma congolens-e types " savane " et " foret ", T. simiae et T. vivax). Chez les bovins, la technique PCR a revele la predominance de T. congolense " savane " et de T. vivax. Le taxon " foret " de T. congolense n'a pas ete detecte chez le betail. Certains animaux aparasitemiques mais suspects ont montre des signaux positifs par PCR avec les amorces specifiques de T. congolense" savane ". Ces resultats confirment le haut interet de la technique PCR pour reveler les pauci-infections et les infections mixtes chez les differents hote et mettre en evidence des relations complexes d'affinite des taxons " savane " et" foret " de T. congolense vis-a-vis de leurs vecteurs, mais aussi vis-a-vis de leurs hotes vertebres.
Women ’ s preference of specimen collection methods for human papillomavirus detection : A cross-sectional study of HIV-positive and HIV – negative women in Mombasa , Kenya

Women’s preference of specimen collection methods for human papillomavirus detection: A cross-sectional study of HIV-positive and HIV–negative women in Mombasa, Kenya. Griffins Odhiambo Manguro Chair of the Supervisory committee R. Scott McClelland MD MPH Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health Self-collection of genital specimens for HPV detection may increase cervical cancer screening uptake in Sub-Saharan Africa. We hypothesized that women would prefer self-collection to clinician-collection of genital specimens. To assess this, and their preference between two different self-collection cytobrushes, 200 women were enrolled in a cross-sectional study in Mombasa, Kenya. Participants provided self-collected specimens using the Evalyn cytobrush (Rovers) and the Viba cytobrush (Rovers) stored in Aptima media (Hologic). A clinician also collected specimens. A post-examination questionnaire assessed preferences for the different methods of specimen collection. The majority of women preferred clinician-collection to selfcollection (68% versus 32%, p<0.01). For self-collection, the Evalyn brush was preferred to the Viba brush (53% versus 27%, p<0.01). There was no association between preference for selfcollection and preference for self-collection cytobrush. Further research to understand and address obstacles to self-collection may be needed to improve the uptake of this approach.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) The Origins and Extent of Entrepreneurial Action-Orientedness :

We test the hypothesis, based on popular and theoretical perspectives, that entrepreneurs are more action-oriented than other occupational groups. We compare their playing strategies in an optimal stopping game using a randomized online experiment among 100s of entrepreneurs, managers and employees. Our experimental results show that entrepreneurs are indeed more action-oriented than others. We theorize that this is driven by their lower levels of loss aversion and higher levels of curiosity. Our empirical test results show that (i) entrepreneurs score indeed higher, on average, than managers and employees on curiosity and lower on loss aversion; (ii) the difference in action-orientedness between entrepreneurs and others vanishes when controlling for individual curiosity levels and (iii) an alternative treatment that provides subjects with counterfactual information (about what would have happened in case of stopping) increases their willingness to stop. Under some assumptions, the combination of these results leads to the conclusion that the higher action-orientedness of entrepreneurs can be linked to their greater curiosity, but not to their lower level of loss aversion. Hence, we find support for the intuitive idea that (curiosity driven) action-orientedness enhances the identification and/or exploitation of opportunities. ∗Corresponding author: mvp.ino@cbs.dk. We are grateful to Martin Koudstaal, Massimo Colombo, Francesca Melillo, Thomas Åstebro, Stefano Brusoni, as well as participants to the 2016 DRUID Academy Conference, the Third International ZEW Conference on the Dynamics of Entrepreneurship and the 2016 Strategy, Entrepreneurship & Innovation Doctoral Consortium for helpful comments. Research assistance was provided by Fleur Sachse and Tim van der Weert.
The Hidden Cost of Labor Market Entry During Recession: Unemployment Rate at Entry and Occupational Injury Risk of Young Workers

A unique dataset from Italy is used to study the effect of unfavorable business cycle conditions at entry on future workplace safety of young workers. We find that higher local unemployment rates at entry have a positive effect both on severe injuries and non-severe injuries. While the impact of unemployment at entry on severe injuries is constant over time, the effect on non-severe injuries is less pronounced and increases with experience, thus indicating that the reporting behavior is affected by initial conditions. In addition, the same cohorts of workers experience slower wage growth, despite being initially compensated for the occupational injury risk. These results suggest that entrants during recession may be persistently locked into low quality jobs and that the mix of hazardous tasks offered by employers throughout the business cycle can be used to overcome wage and other institutional rigidities of the Italian labor market.
Strategy for designing self-assembling peptides to prepare transparent nanofiber hydrogel at neutral pH

This study examined the formation of nanofiber hydrogels at neutral pH for 16 types of peptides with different net charges, hydrophobicities, and degrees of polymerization. The peptides formed various hydrogels depending on the arrangement of charged amino acids in the antiparallel β-sheet structure. Circular dichroism (CD) measurement, atomic force microscopy (AFM), visible light spectroscopy, and dynamic viscoelasticity measurement showed that the formation of transparent nanofiber hydrogels in peptides requires at least 2 additional positively or negatively charged amino acids per peptide. When designing the amino acid sequence, it is important to consider both the net charge and position of the charged amino acids, and it should be ensured that basic amino acids do not face other basic ones in the antiparallel β-sheet structure. Peptides that had charged amino acids clustered at the center of the nanofiber formed rigid gels.
Evaluating climatic response to external radiative forcing during the late Miocene to early Pliocene: New perspectives from eastern equatorial Pacific (IODP U1338) and North Atlantic (ODP 982) locations

Orbital-scale climate variability during the latest Miocene-early Pliocene is poorly understood due to a lack of high-resolution records spanning 8.0–3.5 Ma, which resolve all orbital cycles. Assessing this variability improves understanding of how Earth's system sensitivity to insolation evolves and provides insight into the factors driving the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) and the Late Miocene Carbon Isotope Shift (LMCIS). New high-resolution benthic foraminiferal Cibicidoides mundulus δ18O and δ13C records from equatorial Pacific International Ocean Drilling Program Site U1338 are correlated to North Atlantic Ocean Drilling Program Site 982 to obtain a global perspective. Four long-term benthic δ18O variations are identified: the Tortonian-Messinian, Miocene-Pliocene, and Early-Pliocene Oxygen Isotope Lows (8–7, 5.9–4.9, and 4.8–3.5 Ma) and the Messinian Oxygen Isotope High (MOH; 7–5.9 Ma). Obliquity-paced variability dominates throughout, except during the MOH. Eleven new orbital-scale isotopic stages are identified between 7.4 and 7.1 Ma. Cryosphere and carbon cycle sensitivities, estimated from δ18O and δ13C variability, suggest a weak cryosphere-carbon cycle coupling. The MSC termination coincided with moderate cryosphere sensitivity and reduced global ice sheets. The LMCIS coincided with reduced carbon cycle sensitivity, suggesting a driving force independent of insolation changes. The response of the cryosphere and carbon cycle to obliquity forcing is established, defined as Earth System Response (ESR). Observations reveal that two late Miocene-early Pliocene climate states existed. The first is a prevailing dynamic state with moderate ESR and obliquity-driven Antarctic ice variations, associated with reduced global ice volumes. The second is a stable state, which occurred during the MOH, with reduced ESR and lower obliquity-driven variability, associated with expanded global ice volumes.
Analysis of insomnia in those over 60 year of age

Background. insomnia means an absolute lack of sleep; however, in reality, it is a more complex phenomenon. insomnia is characterized by an insufficient quantity or quality of sleep. For diagnosis of insomnia, it is crucial to find out about the patient’s subjective feelings. loneliness is a phenomenon that people experience in an individual way – subjectively. The problems with sleep intensify with age, which can consequently cause depression. Depression is conducive to loneliness, both as a temporary feeling as well as a continual feeling of loneliness and exclusion. Objectives. The aim of this research was to the evaluation of frequency of insomnia among individuals over 60 years of age students of the University of the Third age in stargard. Material and methods. The research was conducted among 131 individuals aged 60 years and over, including 72.51% (n = 95) females and 27.48% (n = 36) males. The mean age was 68.12 ± 6.63. The survey was used with elements of the athens insomnia scale (ais), insomnia severity index (isi), Beck Depression inventory and the author’s proprietary questionnaire with socio-economic data. Results. insomnia was observed among 27.48% (n = 36) of the respondents surveyed with ais. More than 25% (n = 33) of respondents scored on the borderline for diagnosis of insomnia. The results obtained by combining the Beck Depression inventory with athens insomnia scale show a statistically significant relationship between insomnia and depression (p = 0.0001). Conclusions. insomnia is present in more than a quarter of respondents among persons above 60 years of age, being students of the University of the Third age in stargard.
The Genital Ducts of Some British Stenoglossan Prosobranchs

The foregoing pages include an account of the anatomy and histology of the male and female genital ducts of Ocenebra erinacea, Nucella lapillus, Nassarius reticulatus and Buccinum undatum. Observations have also been made on the mode of functioning of the ducts and the formation of the egg capsules. In both male and female it is possible to divide the genital ducts into a narrow and thin-walled proximal section which leads from the gonad and opens into a thick-walled glandular distal region, and in this respect the Stenoglossa agree with the mesogastropods. Near the junction of these two portions, in the female, arises the gonopericardial duct, which puts the genital duct into communication with the pericardial cavity; in males this structure i s lost or reduced to a vestige lying in a similar position. In males the upper part of the proximal region of the genital duct is used as a vesicula seminalis and the epithelium is capable of taking up and digesting effete or superfluous sperm. Sperms are passed from it into the anterior, distal region during the act of copulation, and secretion from the glands is mixed with them and provides the medium in which they are transferred to the female. In Ocenebra and Nucella this glandular region, the prostate, extends only as far as the opening of the mantle cavity, from which a continuation of the duct, without glandular walls, runs to the penis. The entire distal half of the male duct shows evidence of having been derived from an open seminal groove such as is found in Littorina.
Source of surface ozone and reactive nitrogen speciation at Mount Waliguan in western China : new insights from the 2006 summer study

measurement period of 2006 (55%) than that of 2003 (25%). The abnormally high values of NOy observed in 2003 were suspected to be due to the positive interference from ammonia (NH3) to the particular catalytic converter used in that study. Varied diurnal patterns were observed for the various NOy components. The ozone production efficiencies (DO3/DNOz), which were estimated from the slope of the O3‐NOz scatterplot, were 7.7–11.3 for the polluted plumes from central and eastern China. The speciation of reactive nitrogen was investigated for the first time in the remote free troposphere in western China. PAN and particulate NO3 − were the most abundant reactive nitrogen species at WLG, with average proportions of 32% and 31%, followed by NOx (24%) and HNO3 (20%). The relatively large contribution of particulate NO3 − to NOy was due to the presence of high concentrations of NH3 and crustal particles, which favor the formation of particulate nitrate. An analysis of backward trajectories for the recent 10 years revealed that air masses from central and eastern China dominated the airflow at WLG in summer, suggesting strong impact of anthropogenic forcing on the surface ozone and other trace constituents on the Plateau.