Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Essential Oil from Chiliadenus lopadusanus Growing Spontaneously in Lampedusa Island (Italy)

Chiliadenus lopadu.sanu. s Brullo, sp. nov. is a rupestrian chamaephyte, pertaining to the Compositae family, that according to Brullo (1) represents an endemism of the Lampedusa Island (Italy). This plant possesses, on both leaf epidermises, glandular trichomes of different kinds (1). Its flavour reveals a typical camphoraceous character. In spite of this, even when the synonym of this plant is also Orsinia camphorata (or Jasonia camphorata), we have not found any reports on the chemical composition of the essential oil of this plant. We have investigated the essential oil of Chiliadenus lopadusanus by capillary gas chromatography and GC/MC. The plants were collected, in full bloom in July 1986, in different parts of the island. The material was steam distilled, yielding a dark green oil. A Carlo Erba 4160 gas chromatograph with a FID was employed. Separation was done using a 30-meter, fused silica column coated The identified components of the essential oil of Chiliadenus lopadusanus are listed in Table I. The suspected occurrence of camphor is confirmed by a good percentage (55.19). Camphor, a typical constituent of the essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora (3), is widely used in pharmacological applications (4). Borneol (6.75%) is also present; the presence of this compound is assumed, according to Croteau and co-workers (5), to be the direct precursor of camphor. These two compounds along with a good percentage of 1 ,8-cineole (5.55) contribute to the potential spasmolytic activity (6) of the oil of this plant. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons are also present. Thymol, carvacrol, pinocarveol, and menthadienol are present but in low percentages. We believe that the oil analyzed could be a good source of camphor.
Older People’s Conceptualization of Abuse: A Systematic Review

The concept of elder abuse is a relatively recent one, and there is ongoing debate around its definition and interpretation. Policy in America, the United Kingdom, and Ireland has been criticized as being professionally driven and therefore paternalistic and disempowering. Little is known about older people’s understanding of the term “abuse” or the behaviors that they deem to be abusive. In this systematic review, eight databases were searched using agreed-upon criteria, and the results were assessed for relevance. Fifteen studies were included and are discussed under the themes of caregiving, domestic violence, society, abusive acts, and thresholds.
Quartet-based computations of internode certainty provide accurate and robust measures of phylogenetic incongruence

Incongruence, or topological conflict, is prevalent in genome-scale data sets but relatively few measures have been developed to quantify it. Internode Certainty (IC) and related measures were recently introduced to explicitly quantify the level of incongruence of a given internode (or internal branch) among a set of phylogenetic trees and complement regular branch support statistics in assessing the confidence of the inferred phylogenetic relationships. Since most phylogenomic studies contain data partitions (e.g., genes) with missing taxa and IC scores stem from the frequencies of bipartitions (or splits) on a set of trees, the calculation of IC scores requires adjusting the frequencies of bipartitions from these partial gene trees. However, when the proportion of missing data is high, current approaches that adjust bipartition frequencies in partial gene trees tend to overestimate IC scores and alternative adjustment approaches differ substantially from each other in their scores. To overcome these issues, we developed three new measures for calculating internode certainty that are based on the frequencies of quartets, which naturally apply to both comprehensive and partial trees. Our comparison of these new quartet-based measures to previous bipartition-based measures on simulated data shows that: 1) on comprehensive trees, both types of measures yield highly similar IC scores; 2) on partial trees, quartet-based measures generate more accurate IC scores; and 3) quartet-based measures are more robust to the absence of phylogenetic signal and errors in the phylogenetic relationships to be assessed. Additionally, analysis of 15 empirical phylogenomic data sets using our quartet-based measures suggests that numerous relationships remain unresolved despite the availability of genome-scale data. Finally, we provide an efficient open-source implementation of these quartet-based measures in the program QuartetScores, which is freely available at https://github.com/algomaus/QuartetScores.
Microassay for Glucose-Induced Preproinsulin mRNA Expression to Assess Islet Functional Potency for Islet Transplantation

Background. The capacity for insulin synthesis in islets is important for islet transplantation to succeed. We developed a microassay that evaluates the potency of human islets by measuring changes in glucose-induced human insulin gene (INS) expression using a single islet in octuplicate samples. Methods. Poly (A)+ messenger RNA (mRNA) was purified from a set of single handpicked human islets. Glucose-induced mature (postspliced) and premature (prespliced) insulin mRNA were quantified by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using several insulin mRNA primers designed at different locations including, intron, exon, and an exon-intron junction. Results. The synthesis of premature INS mRNA was significantly increased in islets exposed to high glucose for 16 vs. 4 hr (P<0.01), whereas mature INS mRNA showed no difference. Glucose-induced premature INS mRNA synthesis was attenuated in heat-damaged islets. Stimulation index (SI) calculated by normalizing premature by mature INS mRNA (SI_INS mRNA) positively correlated with SI of insulin release (SI_16h insulin) from the same set of islets during 16-hr incubation in high or low glucose media, and SI of glucose-mediated insulin release obtained from the same islet lot in a perifusion system (n=12). Furthermore, linear multiple regression analysis using SI_INS mRNA and SI_16h insulin predicted islet transplantation outcome in nonobese diabetic (NOD) scid mice (n=8). Conclusion. The measurement of glucose-induced premature INS mRNA normalized by mature INS mRNA can be used to assess the functional quality of human islets and may predict islet function after transplantation in type 1 diabetic patients.
Anti-apoptotic and Neuroprotective Effects of Oxysophoridine on Cerebral Ischemia Both In Vivo and In Vitro

Abstract In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of oxysophoridine on ischemia and ischemia-like insults. Protection by oxysophoridine was studied at the in vivo level using a model of middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice and at the in vitro level using primary rat hippocampal neuronal cultures exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation, a model of ischemia-like injury. The behavioral test was performed by using the neurological scores. The infarction volume of brain was assessed in the brain slices stained with 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride. The neuron apoptosis was evaluated by Hoechst 33342 staining. The morphological change in the neurons was examined using a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM or EM). To evaluate neuron apoptosis, caspase-3, -9, and − 8 activities were measured using assay kits with an ELISA reader. The Western blotting assay was used to evaluate the release of cytochrome c and expression of caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax proteins. The quantitative real-time PCR assay was used to evaluate the release of cytochrome c and the expression of caspase-3 mRNA. Oxysophoridine-treated groups (62.5, 125, 250 mg/kg) markedly reduced neurological deficit scores and infarct volumes. Treatment with oxysophoridine (5, 20, 80 µmol/L) significantly attenuated neuronal damage, with evidence of decreased cell apoptosis and decreased cell morphologic impairment. Furthermore, treatment with oxysophoridine could effectively downregulate the expression of cytochrome c and caspase-3 in both mRNA and protein levels, and Bax in the protein level, and induce an increase of Bcl-2 in the protein level. The caspase-3, -9, and -8 activities were also inhibited. These findings suggested that oxysophoridine may be a potential neuroprotective agent for cerebral ischemia injury.
Relationships between migration rates and landscape resistance assessed using individual‐based simulations

Linking landscape effects on gene flow to processes such as dispersal and mating is essential to provide a conceptual foundation for landscape genetics. It is particularly important to determine how classical population genetic models relate to recent individual‐based landscape genetic models when assessing individual movement and its influence on population genetic structure. We used classical Wright–Fisher models and spatially explicit, individual‐based, landscape genetic models to simulate gene flow via dispersal and mating in a series of landscapes representing two patches of habitat separated by a barrier. We developed a mathematical formula that predicts the relationship between barrier strength (i.e., permeability) and the migration rate (m) across the barrier, thereby linking spatially explicit landscape genetics to classical population genetics theory. We then assessed the reliability of the function by obtaining population genetics parameters (m, FST) using simulations for both spatially explicit and Wright–Fisher simulation models for a range of gene flow rates. Next, we show that relaxing some of the assumptions of the Wright–Fisher model can substantially change population substructure (i.e., FST). For example, isolation by distance among individuals on each side of a barrier maintains an FST of ∼0.20 regardless of migration rate across the barrier, whereas panmixia on each side of the barrier results in an FST that changes with m as predicted by classical population genetics theory. We suggest that individual‐based, spatially explicit modelling provides a general framework to investigate how interactions between movement and landscape resistance drive population genetic patterns and connectivity across complex landscapes.
Pokémon Go’s health benefits seem short lived

The smartphone game Pokemon Go improves physical activity, but the effect is only moderate and no longer observed after six weeks, research published in The BMJ shows.1 Pokemon Go is an augmented reality game in which players walk around to find cartoon characters appearing on their smartphone screen. It was launched in July 2016 and has been downloaded over 500 million times worldwide. …
Color Atlas of Pathology

such factors in social evolution, but uncritical assertions, especially by so eminent a geneticist, serve only to confuse the issue. One aim of the authors, as expressed in the preface, is to "introduce the concepts and methods of genetics to the general student. " Though the professional geneticist will find, as always in the work of Darlington and Mather, much food for thought, the general student will do well to read with caution.
Software birthmark based theft detection of JavaScript programs using agglomerative clustering and improved frequent subgraph mining

Today software industry is suffering a lot because of software piracy. With the increased use of websites, the plagiarism of softwares and websites is also increasing. This threatens the intellectual property rights of JavaScript developers. Hence it is our small effort to safeguard the intellectual rights of developers by introducing a system which uses the website's unique behavior at run-time as a birthmark. Software Birthmark is a set of unique characteristics or behavior inhibited by software while it is in execution. The heap snapshots play a vital role in this system. Heap Snapshots provide us the behavior of objects required while execution of websites. In order to merge the heap graphs we used agglomerative clustering approach. In order to find the birthmark of the program or website, it is needed to extract frequently occurring nodes. We worked on 3000 combinations of websites on ten different sectors for both FSM (Apriori approach) and Improved FSM (Frequent Pattern Growth approach). We observed that the Improved FSM (Pattern Growth approach) is more optimum with respect to the time of execution and the rate of theft detection than the FSM (Apriori Approach).
SOMNAMBULISM: ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND DYNAMIC MEANING IN LATE ADOLESCENCE AND ADULTHOOD.

Introduction Although sleepwalking is a common nocturnal disturbance of young children, generally regarded as a symptomatic immaturity habit, there is considerable literature in the area of child psychiatry, 5,22,32,44 most of which aims at differentiating somnambulism from night terrors. 23,35 In contrast, few studies have been done on adult somnambulism. This is partly due to the fact that the adult somnambulist is not inclined, encouraged, or forced to seek psychiatric consultation unless he is in the Armed Forces or under indictment for a crime allegedly committed during a somnambulistic state. For these reasons, forensic 5,6,24,41 and military psychiatrists 20,21,35,39,40,42,45 have written most extensively about somnambulism in late adolescence and adulthood, somnambulism in connection with homicide, and also the inherent dangers of military life to the somnambulist. It is well known in the naval service that the sleepwalker risks a
IMMUNOBIOLOGY CXCR 4 expression on pathogenic T cells facilitates their bone marrow in fi ltration in a mouse model of aplastic anemia

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare bone marrow failure (BMF) disease characterized by peripheral pancytopenia and hypoplastic bone marrow (BM). Most cases of acquired AA are idiopathic occurring both in children and adults,with roughly equal frequency inbothgenders. Studies ofAApatients and animalmodels of BMF suggest acquired AA is an immune-mediated disease. Aberrant responses mediated by T helper type-1 (Th1), Th17, and cytotoxic CD8 T cells, together with impaired function of regulatory T cells, culminate in BM destruction. Although the pathophysiology of AA is well defined, the molecular mechanisms responsible for T-cell infiltration into the BM during AA progression are poorly understood. Small populations of mature CD4 and CD8 T cells reside in the BM. It is a priming site for antigen-specific T cells, as well as a homing site for memory T cells. Physiologically, T cells migrate to the BM in response to chemokines, such as stromal-cell derived factor-1a (SDF-1a) which is highly expressed by BM stromal cells. SDF-1a, also known as CXCL12, is the natural ligand for the chemokine receptor, CXCR4. SDF-1a–CXCR4 interactions initiatemultiple signaling pathways that augmentT cell co-stimulation, proliferation, cytokine production, migration, and survival. In T cells, activation through the T-cell receptor, polyclonal stimulation, SDF-1a interaction, and IFN-g are stimuli that downregulate CXCR4, whereas signaling through IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, and IL-15 upregulates its expression. The nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) family of transcription factors consists of five subunits, RelA (p65), RelB, c-Rel, NF-kB1 (p50), and NF-kB2 (p52), that function as homoor heterodimers. NF-kB signaling plays a central role in T-cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Dysregulated CXCR4 and NF-kB signaling pathways contribute to disease pathology in multiple immune-mediated diseases including multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes. Both signaling pathways have also been associated with hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic malignancies. Moreover, NF-kB–mediated regulation of CXCR4 expression and function in breast, pancreatic, gastric, prostatic, and ovarian cancers is well documented. However, the contribution of CXCR4 and NF-kB signaling pathways to the pathology of acquired AA has not previously been explored. Through pharmacologic and genetic approaches, we demonstrate thatCXCR4mediatesmigration of pathogenicT cells to theBM in an established mouse model of immune-mediated AA. We further show that CXCR4 is differentially regulated by NF-kB in naı̈ve and BM-infiltrating CD8T cells. InhibitingNF-kB signaling inAAmice decreased CXCR4 expression on BM-infiltrating CD8 T cells, significantly reduced BM infiltration of T cells, and strongly attenuated disease symptoms. Finally, we show that therapeutic inhibition of NF-kB signaling significantly prolonged the survival of AA mice.
12-year-old male with Elejalde syndrome (neuroectodermal melanolysosomal disease).

Neuroectodermal melanolysosomal disease, also known as Elejalde syndrome, is a rare syndrome characterized by silvery hair, pigment abnormalities, and profound central nervous system dysfunction. It is similar to the Chediak-Higashi and Griscelli syndromes, although these syndromes are associated with severe immunologic dysfunction. We report on a 12-year-old male with Elejalde syndrome and compare the Elejalde, Chediak-Higashi, and Griscelli syndromes.
Effect of prepartum propylene glycol administration on periparturient fatty liver in dairy cows.

Plasma glucose concentration during late gestation was thought to be important for the development of fatty liver near parturition. Thirteen multiparous cows were given a 1-L oral drench of propylene glycol once daily beginning 10 +/- 3.6 d prepartum until parturition. Eleven control cows received a 1-L water drench. Plasma glucose increased following propylene glycol administration. Plasma NEFA concentration was 403 and 234 microM, and plasma insulin concentrations were . 354 and . 679 ng/ml, for control cows and cows treated with propylene glycol measured from 1 to 7 d prepartum. Plasma NEFA tended to be lower in cows treated with propylene glycol from 1 to 21 d postpartum. Prepartum propylene glycol administration reduced hepatic triglyceride accumulation by 32 and 42% at 1 and 21 d postpartum, respectively. Prepartum plasma BHBA was reduced during propylene glycol administration. Prepartum plasma glucose, NEFA, BHBA, and insulin were strongly correlated with liver triglyceride at 1 d postpartum (r = -.49, .45, .36, and -.49, respectively). Pre- and postpartum DMI were not affected by treatment. Milk production and composition measured through 21 d postpartum were not different between groups.
IgA Anticardiolipin Antibodies – Relation with other Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Clinical Significance

Summary Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of IgA antiphospholipid antibodies as markers of thrombosis and/or antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study design in a tertiary, university-based, autoimmune reference hospital. Seven-hundred ninety-five patients classified into five different groups – autoimmune diseases (255), deep vein thrombosis (153), transitory ischemic attacks (108), obstetric complications (196), infectious diseases (83) and controls (81) – were tested for IgA, IgG and IgM aPL, and lupus anticoagulant. Plasma and serum samples were drawn for detection of aPL using an internationally standardized ELISA method and LA was carried out using coagulometric assays. Results: True IgA aPL were found only in two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus; these patients were also positive to IgG aPL. Conclusion: The incidence of true positivity to IgA anticardiolipin antibodies is extremely low. Their determination was not helpful in diagnosing the antiphospholipid syndrome or in explaining thrombotic events or aPL related manifestations – fetal loss – in the groups studied.
İlahiyat Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Nomofobi Düzeylerinin Çeşitli Faktörler Açısından İncelenmesi

Bu arastirmada, akilli telefonlardan yoksun kalma korkusu olarak bilinen nomofobi kavraminin Ilahiyat Fakultesi ogrencileri arasindaki yayginliginin incelenmesi amaclanmistir. Bu amac dogrultusunda nicel ve nitel veriler nicel verileri elde etmek icin arastirmanin alt amaclari; i) Ogrencilerin nomofobi duzeyleri nedir? ii) Ogrencilerin nomofobi olceginin alt boyutlarina iliskin ortalamalari nasildir? iii) Ogrencilerin nomofobi duzeyleri cinsiyete gore anlamli bir farklilik gostermekte midir? Arastirmada, analiz teknigi olarak hem nicel hem nitel boyutlari iceren karma yontem kullanilmistir. Arastirma, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi ogrencilerinin gonullu katilimi ile gerceklestirilmistir. Arastirmanin verileri, Yildirim ve Correia (2015) tarafindan gelistirilen ve Yildirim, Şumuer, Adnan ve Yildirim (2016) tarafindan Turkceye uyarlanmis Nomofobi olcegi(NMP-Q), demografik bilgi formu ve nitel yari yapilandirilmis gorusme formu araciligiyla toplanmistir. Arastirmanin nicel boyutunda 276 ogrenciye ulasilmistir. Katilimcilarin 172’si kadin (%62,3), 104’u erkektir (%37,7). Arastirmanin nitel boyutu icin, nicel boyuta katilan ogrencilerden 20’si rastsal olarak secilmis ve gorusmeler yapilmistir. Toplanan nitel veriler betimsel istatistikler ile, nicel veriler ise bagimsiz orneklem t-testi, tek yonlu varyans analizi(ANOVA) ile analiz edilmistir.
Le philosophe et l'original : étude du "Neveu de Rameau"

La 4eme de couv. indique :"Echappant a tous les genres et a tous les canons, mimant le mouvement et l'exagerant, embrassant des formes normalement differenciees d'expression artistique a la limite du vraisemblable, sinon du lisible, Le Neveu de Rameau est une œuvre ouverte, irresistible d'enjouement et de gaiete parce que l'humour n'est pas la composante la moins essentielle de ce dialogue qui seduit d'emblee par sa liberte de ton et de composition. On a pu lire l’œuvre selon une opposition dialectique ou s'affronteraient d'un cote l'affirmation de la philosophie, de l'autre sa negation. Il faudrait encore prendre en compte la valeur critique du cynisme assume par un Rameau provocateur, certes, mais plein de sagacite. La force de sa peinture acide de la societe vient de ce qu'elle est cruellement vraie. Le cynisme permet une demystification des valeurs, des postures et des faux semblants, mais il indispose le lecteur moral que nous sommes en brouillant les categories du bien et du mal, du beau et du laid. Tout se passe comme si l'ancrage de la reflexion philosophique dans une realite souvent triviale lui donnait une substance sans equivalent dans l'ordre de la pensee. Cet effet de proximite et de familiarite tient d'abord aux qualites proprement litteraires du Neveu de Rameau. On y retrouve une maniere, si propre a Diderot, d'apprehender autrement le discours philosophique, une autre facon egalement de l'elaborer. De ce point de vue, le face-a-face d'un philosophe et d'un clochard sublime a valeur de lecon.