Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Standardized antibacterial honey (Medihoney) with standard therapy in wound care: randomized clinical trial.

AIM This paper is a report of a study to compare a medical grade honey with conventional treatments on the healing rates of wounds healing by secondary intention. BACKGROUND There is an increasing body of evidence to support the use of honey to treat wounds, but there is a lack of robust randomized trials on which clinicians can base their clinical judgement. METHOD A sample of 105 patients were involved in a single centre, open-label randomized controlled trial in which patients received either a conventional wound dressing or honey. Data were collected between September 2004 and May 2007. RESULTS The median time to healing in the honey group was 100 days compared with 140 days in the control group. The healing rate at 12 weeks was equal to 46.2% in the honey group compared with 34.0% in the conventional group, and the difference in the healing rates (95% confidence interval, CI) at 12 weeks between the two groups was 12.2% (-13.6%, 37.9%). The unadjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) from a Cox regression was equal to 1.30 (0.77, 2.19), P = 0.321. When the treatment effect was adjusted for confounding factors (sex, wound type, age and wound area at start of treatment), the hazard ratio increased to 1.51 but was again not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Wound area at start of treatment and sex are both highly statistically significant predictors of time to healing. These results support the proposition that there are clinical benefits from using honey in wound care, but further research is needed.
Aggregation of poliovirus and reovirus by dilution in water

Poliovirus and reovirus were found to aggregate into clumps of up to several hundred particles when diluted 10-fold into distilled water from a stock preparation of minimal aggregation in 0.05 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2, plus 22 to 30% sucrose. Reovirus was also found to aggregate when diluted into phosphate-buffered saline. The aggregation was concentration dependent and did not occur when either virus was diluted into water 100-fold or greater. The aggregation of poliovirus was reversible by further addition of saline and produced a dispersed preparation of virus. Reovirus aggregation was not reversible. Both viruses aggregated when diluted into buffers at pH 5 and 3, and poliovirus aggregated at pH 6, and this aggregation of both viruses was reversible when returned to pH 7. Aggregation did not occur at alkaline pH values. Aggregation at low pH could be caused aggregation of either virus at pH 7. Calcium ions, however, were found to aggregate both viruses at a concentration of 0.01 M.
Stabilita dlouhodobe poptavky po siroce definovanych penezich v otevrene ekonomice: pripad CR 1994-2000

This paper strives to enlarge the traditional form of money demand for closed economy with some additional foreign or international determinants. These are, according to presented theory of currency substitution, nominal exchange rate CZK/DEM (or CZK/USD) and yield of foreign assets (3M LIBOR on DEM-assets and Treasury Bill yield) expressed in Czech Crowns. Such specified money demand was estimated using three cointegration methods namely JOH(1), JOH(2) and DOLS to attain sufficient robustness of estimated money demand function. The cointegration procedure assigned the endogeneity only to M2, CPI and Inflation (using CZK/USD and Treasury Bill yield also AE proved to be endogenous), the other variables of money demand seem to be weakly exogenous. As the error-correction term in dynamic equation of inflation is both statistically and economically significant, it could be developed some model of inflation on this basis. The stability of estimated money demand function is not according to applied test disturbed. As both elasticity of AE and that of CPI are close to one, this money demand function could be theoretically based on quantitative theory. Some variables in this money demand specification, however, indicate somewhat lower significance. These are PRIBOR as an opportunity cost of money holding (even though this was slightly expected, no better proxy variable was found) and both foreign determinants. This could be inferred from existing dollarization of the economy or some asymmetry in currency substitution. Both these problems should be objectives of further research.
Effect of experimental glaucoma in primates on oscillatory potentials of the slow-sequence mfERG.

PURPOSE To determine the effect of experimental glaucoma in macaque monkeys on oscillatory potentials (OPs) in the slow-sequence multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG). METHODS Photopic slow-sequence mfERGs were recorded from anesthetized adult macaque monkeys and normal human subjects. The stimulus consisted of 103 equal-sized hexagons within 17 degrees of the fovea. The m-sequence was slowed, with 14 blank frames, approximately 200 ms, interleaved between flashes for monkeys and 7 blank frames, approximately 100 ms, for humans, to produce waveforms similar to the photopic full-field flash ERG. Recordings were made under control conditions (24 monkey eyes, 7 human) and after laser-induced experimental glaucoma in monkeys (n = 8). A Fourier fast transform [FFT] was used to determine the frequency ranges of the major OPs. OP amplitudes were quantified by using root mean square (RMS) for two-frequency bands in five horizontal and four vertical locations. Visual field defects were assessed using behavioral static perimetry. Full-field photopic flash ERGs also were recorded. RESULTS OPs in two distinct frequency bands were discriminated in the monkey mfERG: fast OPs, with a peak frequency of 143 +/- 20 Hz, and slow OPs, with a peak at 77 +/- 8 Hz. There were similar findings in humans and with the flash ERG in monkeys. The fast OP RMS in monkey control eyes was significantly larger in temporal than nasal retina (P < 0.01) and in superior versus inferior retina (P < 0.05) as reported previously. The slow OP RMS was largest in the foveal region. Experimental glaucoma reduced fast OP RMS in all locations studied, even when visual field defects were moderate (MD = -5 to -10 dB; P < 0.05), whereas the slow OP RMS was reduced significantly primarily in the foveal region when field defects were severe (MD < -10 dB; P < 0.05). The fast OP RMS showed a moderate correlation with local visual field sensitivity and with local ganglion cell density (calculated from visual field sensitivity). For the slow OPs the correlation was much poorer. Consistent with previous studies, the photopic negative response (PhNR) amplitude was significantly reduced when the visual sensitivity was minimally affected. CONCLUSIONS OPs in the ERG of primates fall in two frequency bands: fast OPs with a peak frequency around 143 Hz and slow OPs, with a peak frequency around 77 Hz. The fast OPs, which rely more on the integrity of retinal ganglion cells and their axons than do the slow OPs, have potential utility for monitoring the progression of glaucoma and the effects of treatment.
An Expert System-Based Evaluation of Civics Education as a Means of Character Education Based on Local Culture in the Universities in Buleleng

Civics education as a means of character education based on local culture has the mission to develop values and attitudes. In the educational process, various strategies and methods of value education can be used. In Civics Education characters are developed as the impact of education and also as its nurturing effect. Meanwhile, other subjects, which formally have the major mission other than character development have to develop activities that have the nurturing effect of character development in the students. However, in the educational process this has not run well. Hence there is a need to evaluate educational programs at public as well as private universities in Buleleng regency. One of the evaluation techniques that can be used is the CIPP model combined with certainty factor method in expert system. The CIPP Model can evaluated the Civics education processes at all the public and private universities in Buleleng regency objectively, especially in probing local culture in character educational development. Meanwhile, the certainty factor method is used to determine the extent or degree of certainty of a component being evaluated in Civics educational processes.
Influence of ALA54THR Polymorphism of Fatty Acid-binding Protein 2 on Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Ala54/Thr54 Thr54/Thr54 Ala54/Ala54 Ala54/Ala54 Ala54/Thr54 Thr54/Thr54 Ala54/Thr54, Thr54/Thr54 Ala54/Ala54 Ala54/Thr54, Thr54/Thr54 Ala54/Ala54)
Reporting positive surgical margins after radical prostatectomy: time for standardization

It is known that positive surgical margins (PSMs) after radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with prostate cancer are a significant predictor of biochemical recurrence (BCR). Furthermore, no general consensus exists in the literature on how specific PSM‐associated prognostic variables, namely, location, focality, length, uniformity of specimen and Gleason score at the margin, influence BCR or assist in clinical decision‐making. The study shows the inconsistencies in the reporting of PSMs and PSM‐associated prognostic variables in the current literature and suggests the implementation of a novel scoring system, the F.U.S.E. score, which quantifies the anatomical and pathological variables associated with PSMs and represents a standardized methodology for reporting PSMs in the literature.
13.5 A 16nm 128Mb SRAM in high-κ metal-gate FinFET technology with write-assist circuitry for low-VMIN applications

FinFET technology has become a mainstream technology solution for post-20nm CMOS technology [1], since it has superior short-channel effects, better sub-threshold slope and reduced random dopant fluctuation. Therefore, it is expected to achieve better performance with lower SRAM VDDMIN. However, the quantized sizing of the channel width and length has drawbacks for conventional 6T-SRAM bitcell scaling. To minimize the bitcell area of the high-density SRAM bitcell, the number of fins (setting the channel width, W) of the pull-up PMOS (PU), passgate NMOS (PG) and pull-down NMOS (PD) transistors must be selected as 1:1:1. Since PU, PG, and PD have the same channel length (L), the ratio in geometry between the PU transistor and the PG transistor is equal to one. With the process variations, the strength of PU transistor can be much stronger than the PG transistor. A stronger PU transistor increases read stability of the SRAM bitcell but it degrades the write margin significantly and results in worse write-VDDMIN issue. Figure 13.5. 1(a) shows a contention condition between PU and PG transistors of a 6T-SRAM bitcell for the write operation. During the write operation, the PU transistor impedes the ability of the PG transistor to pull the storage node (S) from VDD to ground. The bitcell may suffer a write failure at the stronger PU with weaker PG condition caused by the device variations. Two techniques have been proposed to improve the high density SRAM bitcell write VDDMIN: 1) negative bit-line voltage (NBL) to increase the strength of PG transistor and 2) lower cell VDD (LCV) to weaken PU transistor strength [1-5]. Compared to the conventional techniques, this work develops a suppressed-coupling-signal negative bitline (SCS-NBL) scheme and a write-recovery-enhancement lower-cell-VDD (WRE-LCV) scheme for write assist without the concern of reliability at higher VDD operating region. A comparison of the effectiveness of the two design techniques is also performed. Figure 13.5. 1(b) shows the layout view of the high-density 6T-SRAM bit-cell with 0. 07μm2 area in a 16nm high-k metal-gate FinFET technology. To minimize area, we set the geometric ratio of PU, PG, and PD transistors all equal to one. With the two developed write-assist circuits, the overall VDDMIN improvement can be over 300mV in a 128Mb SRAM test-chip.
Twin Deficits Hypothesis and Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle in Vietnam

This paper investigates the validity of the twin deficit hypothesis and the presence of the Feldstein-Horioka puzzle in the case of a small developing country, Vietnam. We examine the long run relationship and causality between current account balance, budget deficit and investment for the period 1990–2011. The analysis is conducted within the framework of cointegrating technique, error correction modeling and Granger non-causality test. The empirical results suggest that the twin deficit hypothesis under Keynesian proposition holds for Vietnam in both the short and long runs. The empirical results further point to the presence of the Feldstein-Horioka puzzle, indicating that Vietnam could not well-integrated into the international capital markets. Yet, investment is found to have a significant impact on the current account balance.
Specific attachment of Staphylococcus aureus to immobilized fibronectin

Staphylococcus aureus cells have been shown to possess surface-associated proteins with affinity for soluble fibronectin. We have investigated the ability of these surface proteins to mediate attachment to immobilized fibronectin and collagen. Attachment was quantified by determination of bacterial ATP in a bioluminescence assay. The ability to attach to fibronectin- or collagen-coated plastic surfaces was investigated for four S. aureus strains: Cowan 1, Newman, SA113(83A), and Wood 46. Cells from the different strains varied in their attachment properties, but all cells except those of strain Wood 46 attached readily to substrates coated with fibronectin. Only cells from strain Cowan 1 attached reproducibly to collagen-coated substrates in the absence of fibronectin. The attachment of cells from strain SA113(83A) to fibronectin-coated surfaces was shown to be dependent on time, fibronectin concentration, and bacterial growth phase. Soluble fibronectin or NH2-terminal fibronectin fragment (Mr, 29,000) disturbed the attachment to surfaces coated with fibronectin bound to denatured collagen type I. The attachment process to such substrates was also effectively inhibited by preincubating the substrate with fibronectin-binding proteins isolated from S. aureus Newman and SA113 (83A) and purified with affinity chromatography.
Treatment of Spinal Fractures in Children and Adolescents: Long-Term Results in 44 Patients

Study Design. The authors examined a case series of patients younger than 16 years who had sustained a traumatic spine injury. Objectives. To evaluate clinical and radiologic findings and the effectiveness of conservative versus surgical treatment at long-term follow-up. Summary of Background Data. Although injuries to children have received increasing coverage in the literature over the last several years, few reports have focused on the long-term results of conservative versus surgical treatment. Methods. Forty-four patients who had sustained a traumatic spine injury at the average age of 14 years (range 3–16 years) were clinically and radiographically reviewed. The fractures were separated into three groups: stable (n = 20) and unstable (n = 13) injuries without cord lesion and fractures with spinal cord lesion (n = 11). Mean follow-up was 18 years (range 9–23 years). Results. Conservative treatment was successful in all stable fractures, whereas it failed in the unstable injuries. The surgical treatment stabilized without significant deformity in five of the seven unstable fractures. Of 11 with spinal cord injuries, the 4 children conservatively treated developed a severely progressive, paralytic scoliosis. Only three of the seven surgically treated patients were stabilized without any deformity at follow-up. Conclusion. In children and adolescents, conservative treatment is an available option for stable fractures without neurologic lesion. Early surgical treatment (instrumentation and fusion) is mandatory for unstable fractures and injuries associated with spinal cord lesion. In children, a traumatic spinal cord lesion may develop a deformity that is mainly scoliotic, kyphotic, or lordotic in >90% of the cases.
Summertime precipitation extremes in a EURO-CORDEX 0.11° ensemble at an hourly resolution

Abstract. Regional climate model simulations have routinely been applied to assess changes in precipitation extremes at daily time steps. However, shorter sub-daily extremes have not received as much attention. This is likely because of the limited availability of high temporal resolution data, both for observations and for model outputs. Here, summertime depth duration frequencies of a subset of the EURO-CORDEX 0.11∘ ensemble are evaluated with observations for several European countries for durations of 1 to 12 h. Most of the model simulations strongly underestimate 10-year depths for durations up to a few hours but perform better at longer durations. The spatial patterns over Germany are reproduced at least partly at a 12 h duration, but all models fail at shorter durations. Projected changes are assessed by relating relative depth changes to mean temperature changes. A strong relationship with temperature is found across different subregions of Europe, emission scenarios and future time periods. However, the scaling varies considerably between different combinations of global and regional climate models, with a spread in scaling of around 1–10 % K−1 at a 12 h duration and generally higher values at shorter durations.
Embryonic Stem Cells with GFP Knocked into the Dopamine Transporter Yield Purified Dopamine Neurons In Vitro and from Knock‐In Mice

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the selective loss of midbrain dopamine neurons. Neural transplantation with fetal dopamine neurons can be an effective therapy for patients with PD, but recovery of human fetal cells is difficult. Scarcity of tissue has limited clinical application to a small number of research subjects worldwide. Selective differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to dopamine neurons could lead to an unlimited supply of cells for expanded clinical transplantation. To facilitate the differentiation and purification of dopamine neurons, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was inserted into the dopamine transporter (DAT) locus in mouse ESCs using homologous recombination. From these DAT‐GFP ESCs, dopamine neurons expressing GFP were successfully produced by in vitro differentiation. The DAT‐GFP ESCs were used to generate DAT‐GFP knock‐in mice. We have found that GFP was colocalized with DAT, Pitx3, Engrailed‐1, and tyrosine hydroxylase‐positive cells in midbrain, hypothalamus, and olfactory bulb but not in noradrenergic cell regions or other ectopic sites. The GFP‐positive dopamine neurons could be isolated from embryonic day‐15 ventral midbrain by fluorescence activated cell sorting. These purified dopamine neurons survived reculture and expressed tyrosine hydroxylase and DAT when cocultured with mouse astrocytes or striatal cells. Animals homozygous for DAT‐GFP were hyperactive because they had no functional DAT protein. These DAT‐GFP knock‐in ESCs and mice provide unique tools for purifying dopamine neurons to study their physiology, pharmacology, and genetic profiles. STEM CELLS 2009;27:2952–2961
Bitcoin: Its Economics for Financial Reporting

There is yet any official guidance on the financial reporting of Bitcoin transaction from the standard setters as the crypto-currency become increasingly popular and tax accounting guidance begin to appear in 2014. Designed as a decentralized currency, Bitcoin will not become a reporting currency and will instead complement fiat money. We argue that the accounting principle of faithful representation requires interpreting the economic substance for financial reporting that varies with reporting entity: trading firms recognize Bitcoin like a foreign currency and measure the revenue, or expense, at the equivalent amount of the reporting currency; digital currency exchanges recognize Bitcoin as goods in line with tax accounting treatment. An Economica paper by Radford (1945) describing cigarette being used as commodity money in a POW camp has alluded to this economic basis. This paper applies accounting principle to a practical issue and contributes to the thinking process which may help standard setter issue an interpretation.
European monitoring of resistance to insecticides in Myzus persicae and Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) with special reference to imidacloprid

Abstract The susceptibility to several insecticides of 16 and 8 strains of Myzus persicae Sulzer and Aphis gossypii Glover, respectively, received from different European countries in 2001 was investigated. Most of the strains were derived from places known for their aphid resistance problems to conventional insecticides before imidacloprid was introduced. In many regions and agronomic cropping systems imidacloprid has been an essential part of aphid control strategies for a decade, and therefore the susceptibility of aphid populations to imidacloprid using FAO-dip tests and diagnostic concentrations in a leaf-dip bioassay was checked. Additional insecticides tested were cyfluthrin (chemical class: pyrethroid), pirimicarb (carbamate), methamidophos and oxydemeton-methyl (organophosphates). Diagnostic concentrations (LC99-values of reference strains) for each insecticide were established by dose response analysis using a new leaf-disc dip bioassay format in 6-well tissue culture plates. Virtually no resistance to imidacloprid in any of the field-derived populations of M. persicae and A. gossypii was detected. In contrast, strong resistance was found to pirimicarb and oxydemeton-methyl, and to a lesser extent also to cyfluthrin. Two strains of A. gossypii exhibited reduced susceptibility to imidacloprid when tested directly after collection. However, after maintaining them for six weeks in the laboratory, the aphids were as susceptible as the reference strain. The diagnostic concentration of methamidophos did not reveal any resistance in M. persicae, but did so in four strains of A. gossypii.
Traumatic Experience, Polytraumatization, and Perinatal Depression in a Diverse Sample of Adolescent Mothers

This study examines the prevalence of trauma subtypes, polytraumatization, and perinatal depression (PND) in a diverse sample of adolescent mothers to help inform PND prevention, screening, and treatment efforts. We conducted a secondary analysis of a sample (N = 210) of adolescent mothers aged 14 to 20 years from a prospective longitudinal study of PND. Participants were recruited from a county-based, public health prenatal clinic, and data were collected in the prenatal and postpartum periods. In this sample, 81% of adolescent mothers reported at least one trauma experience and 75% reported lifetime experience of intimate partner violence (IPV). The most prevalent trauma types among adolescent mothers reporting PND were sexual trauma prior to age 13 (11.9%), loss of a caregiver or sibling (28.3%), emotional adversity (17.1%), and polytraumatization (43%). Trauma is alarmingly prevalent among adolescent mothers. Results suggest standards of care for adolescent mothers should include screening adolescent mothers for trauma history and provision of appropriate referrals for IPV. Findings support the need for trauma-informed treatment in perinatal public health clinics to decrease potential health risks to both mother and baby.