Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IZA DP No . 11179 Masculine vs Feminine Personality Traits and Women ’ s Employment Outcomes in Britain : A Field Experiment NOVEMBER 2017

IZA DP No. 11179 NOVEMBER 2017 Masculine vs Feminine Personality Traits and Women’s Employment Outcomes in Britain: A Field Experiment In the current study, we utilized a correspondent test to capture the way in which firms respond to women who exhibit masculine and feminine personality traits. In doing so, we minimized the potential for reverse causality bias and unobserved heterogeneities to occur. Women who exhibit masculine personality traits have a 4.3 percentage points greater likelihood of gaining access to occupations than those displaying feminine personality traits. In both maleand female-dominated occupations, women with masculine personality traits have an occupational access advantage, as compared to those exhibiting feminine personality traits. Moreover, women with masculine personality traits take up positions which offer 10 percentage points higher wages, in comparison with those displaying feminine personality traits. Furthermore, wage premiums are higher for those exhibiting masculine personality traits in male-dominated occupations, than for female-dominated positions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first field experiment to examine the effect of masculine and feminine personality traits on entry-level pay scales. As feminine personality traits are stereotypically attributed to women, and these characteristics appear to yield fewer rewards within the market, they may offer one of many plausible explanations as to why women experience higher unemployment rates, whilst also receiving lower earnings, as compared to men. JEL Classification: J16, J31
BIOLOGICAL RESIDUES ON BULLETS

In criminal cases, the biological residues on bullets should be examined. In many cases, they may constitute a precious evidence. The aim of this study is to show how it is possible to gather evidence from biological residues. In order to achieve this purpose, we planned to fire test shots at animal tissues and examine the bullets for residues belonging to the target. 50 test shots were fired with a 7.65 mm semi-automatic pistol. In some of these test shots, calf spleens were used as targets. The bullets obtained were coded. Subsequently, the bullets were examined without knowledge of whether they had hit the mark or not. The aim was to correctly guess those that had hit the mark. To this end, a commercial kit named Bluestar, which is a Luminol derivative, was used. After the application of Luminol, all the bullets showed blue luminescence in a dark environment. False positivities could have resulted from gunpowder remnants or the metal of the bullet. In order to eliminate the false positivities, the study should be repeated with equipment capable of measuring the emission intensity and spectrum of Luminol or with tests other than the Luminol test.
The Joint Effect of Audit Firm Tenure and Big 4 Auditor on the Intensity of Real Earnings Management

This study analyzes the effect of audit firm tenure and Big 4 auditor on the magnitude of firms’ using real earnings management. Using 42,012 firm-year observations in the U.S., I find that longer audit firm tenure is positively associated with the intensity of real earnings management, suggesting that firms conduct real earnings management as a substitute of accrual earnings management. In addition, the firms are less likely to be engaged in real earnings management when they are audited by Big 4 auditor suggesting that Big 4 auditors deter the firm using real earnings management. Furthermore, I find that the positive association between the level of real earnings management and audit firm tenure is conditioned on the presence of Big 4 audit firm. Overall, the results provide valuable insights to the literature on the effects of auditor characteristics on real earnings management.
L2 WRITING PROCESSES AND BEHAVIORS: A MIXED METHODS STUDY Exploring second language writers' pausing and revision behaviors: A mixed methods study

This study investigated the cognitive processes underlying pauses at different textual locations (e.g., within/between words) and various levels of revision (e.g., below word/clause). We used stimulated recall, keystroke logging and eye-tracking methodology in combination to examine pausing and revision behaviors. Thirty advanced Chinese L2 users of English performed a version of the IELTS Academic Writing Task 2. During the writing task, participants' key strokes were logged and their eye-movements were recorded. Immediately after the writing task, twelve participants also took part in a stimulated recall interview. The results revealed that, when participants paused at larger textual units, they were more likely to look back further in the text and engage in higher-order writing processes. In contrast, during pauses at lower textual units, they tended to view areas closer to the inscription point and engage in lower-order writing processes. Prior to making a revision, participants most frequently had viewed the text that they subsequently revised or their eye-gazes had been offscreen. Revisions focused more on languagethan content-related issues, but there was a smaller difference in the number of languageand content-focused stimulated recall comments when larger textual units were revised.
Investigation of Health Literacy Levels of Nursing Students and Affecting Factors

Background: The complex health system expects high health liter acy skills from individuals. Nurses play an important role in increasing individuals' health li teracy, providing reliable information to them, hel ping individuals with low health literacy levels and com municating effectively with them. Therefore nurses and nursing students should have adequate health litera cy levels. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the health literacy levels and affecting factors of the students in the nursing faculty. Methodology: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. T he study was conducted between January-July 2018, with 808 nursing students. Turkish Health Lit eracy Scale-32 (THL-32) was used to collect data. Independent samples t, One way ANOVA and post-hoc T ukey tests, Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson's correlation analysis were used in analysis of data. Results: The mean general health literacy score of the stud ents was 34.61 ± 7.57. It was determined that 8.8% of the students had an inadequate health literacy; 42.0% of them had a problematic health literacy; 31 . 2% of the students had adequate health literacy; 18.0% of the m ad excellent health literacy. It was found that ealth literacy was affected by gender, age and year in ed ucation. Conclusions: Approximately half of the participant nursing stud ents had adequate HL levels, but this percentage is considered as very low. The HL levels of nurses play an important role in the quality of the care provided. It is thought that students' HL levels ca n be increased to the desired levels by using an op portunity such as formal health education better. For this re ason, it is suggested to add content about HL conce pt to university curricula, to give more emphasis to this concept and to conduct interventional researches o n this subject.
A GENERALISED CONVERGENCE ACCELERATED PRESSURE – BASED SEGREGATED

This paper reports on the generalised pressure–based sequential algorithm applicable to polyhedral grids and incompressible/compressible flows. The algorithm is formulated in the context of a cell–centred finite–volume method. The central theme of the paper is the convergence acceleration of the algorithm. This is achieved by a straightforward treatment of cell neighbours velocity corrections as well as the pressure corrections due to grid non–orthogonality. These corrections appear in the pressure correction equation of the well–known SIMPLE method but they are commonly neglected. Here, and akin to the PISO method, the above corrections are treated explicitly by designing two or more correction steps. The full inclusion of the cell neighbour corrections requires an under–relaxation typically equal to the pressure under–relaxation. The algorithm is applied to a number of benchmark problems, covering laminar and turbulent as well as incompressible and compressible flows. The significantly improved convergence rate and satisfactory accuracy of the algorithm are demonstrated. An appreciable reduction of computing time is possible when using optimal under–relaxation factors and an optimal number of pressure corrections.
PERATURAN PEMERINTAH REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 56 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG

3. Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 22 Tahun 1997 tentang Jenis dan Penyetoran Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1997 Nomor 57, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 3694) sebagaimana telah diubah dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 52 Tahun 1998 (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1998 Nomor 85, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 3760);
LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION OF TRANSIENT BEHAVIOR IN A COMBUSTION FIELD FOR GAS-TURBINE ENGINE

Combustion flow field in an industrial gas-turbine combustor was numerically investigated with a newly-developed turbulent combustion model. For turbulent model, large-eddy simulation technique was introduced to simulate unsteady phenomena in detail. The combustion model was based on a two-scalar flamelet approach coupling the two concepts of premixed and non-premixed flames expressed by the conservative scalar of mixture fraction and the levelset function of premixed flame surface, respectively. A fine full tetra computational mesh of 45.5 million cells and 7.7 million nodes was used to resolve turbulent fluctuation with high accuracy in the combustion field. The simulations were performed for two calculation conditions reproducing diffusion-like and premixedlike flames and for three conditions decreasing fuel inlet to investigate flame extinction behavior. It was indicated that premixed or partial premixed turbulent flames by complex burner system in the real scale combustor can be reasonably captured by the present simulation model.
Spatial distribution of d18O in meteoric precipitation

Proxy data reflecting the oxygen isotope composition of meteoric precipitation (dOppt) are widely used in reconstructions of continental paleoclimate and paleohydrology. However, actual geographic variation in modern water compositions is difficult to estimate from often sparse data. A first step toward understanding the geologic pattern of change in dOppt is to describe the modern distribution in terms of principal geographic parameters. To this end, we empirically model relationships between 18O in modern precipitation and latitude and altitude. We then identify geographic areas where large-scale vapor transport patterns give rise to significant deviations from model dOppt compositions based on latitude and altitude. Model value and residual grids are combined to derive a high-resolution global map of dOppt that can serve as a spatial reference against which proxy data for paleoprecipitation can be compared. Reiteration of the procedure outlined here, for paleo-dOppt data, may illuminate past changes in the climatic and physiographic parameters controlling the distribution of d18O regimes.
SERIES 2018 From China with Love : The Role of FDI from Third Countries on EU Competition and R & D Activities

This report presents empirical analysis on the linkage between mergers and acquisition FDI and acquirer innovation efforts. The data indicates that acquisitions tend to result in a spike in research in the two following years. This impact, however, is contingent on industrial linkages between target and acquirer. In particular, nonmanufacturing targets appear to have the largest impact. Further investigation using input-output linkages finds that acquirer R&D increases more when the target is a primary source of inputs for the acquirer. These effects, however, are smaller for Chinese acquirers, suggesting that concerns over whether acquisition of foreign technology is spurring faster Chinese technological growth may be misguided. Finally, these effects are smaller in more concentrated industries, suggesting the need to consider industry concentration when projecting the R&D implications of cross-border mergers. JEL Classification: F23; O31
Multiple-antenna Communications with Limited Channel State Information

Multiple-Antenna Communications with Limited Channel State Information Behrouz Khoshnevis Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 2011 Due to its significant advantage in spectral efficiency, multiple-antenna communication technology will undoubtedly be a major component in future wireless system implementations. However, the full exploitation of this technology also requires perfect feedback of channel state information (CSI) to the transmitter– something that is not practically feasible. This motivates the study of limited feedback systems, where CSI feedback is rate limited. This thesis focuses on the optimal design of limited feedback systems for three types of communication channels: the relay channel, the singleuser point-to-point channel, and the multiuser broadcast channel. For the relay channel, we prove the efficiency of the Grassmannian codebooks as the source and relay beamforming codebooks, and propose a method for CSI exchange between the relay and the destination when global CSI is not available at destination. For the single-user point-to-point channel, we study the joint power control and beamforming problem and address the channel magnitude and direction quantization codebook design problem. It is shown that uniform quantization of the channel magnitude (in dB scale) is asymptotically optimal regardless of the channel distribution. The analysis further derives the optimal split of feedback bandwidth between the magnitude and direction quantization codebooks. For the multiuser broadcast channel, we first prove the sufficiency of a product magnitude-direction quantization codebook for managing the multiuser interference. We then derive the optimal split of feedback bandwidth across the users and their magnitude and direction codebooks. The optimization results reveal an inherent structural difference between the single-user and multiuser quantization codebooks: a multiuser codebook should have a finer direction quantization resolution as compared to a single-user codebook. It is further shown that the users expecting higher rates and requiring more reliable communication should provide a finer quantization of their CSI. Finally, we determine the minimum required total feedback rate based on users’ quality-of-service constraints and derive the scaling of the system performance with the total feedback rate.
NUMERICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF FOURIER-TRANSFORM METHOD FOR GENERALIZED WAVE EQUATIONS

where u = u(x, y, t) is the surface elevation, t is the time, β1, β2 > 0 are two dispersion coefficients and α is an amplitude parameter. The initial conditions can be prepared by a single soliton (computed numerically and semi-analytically) or as a superposition of two solitons (see, for example [2], [1], [3] and [4]). The possible ways to solve numerically the above problem can be summarized in three groups: (i) by using a semi-implicit difference scheme; (ii) by using a fully implicit difference scheme; (iii) by using pseudospectral methods. In this paper we focus our attentions to the last ones.
Statistical assessment of genomic variability in tumours and bacterial communities

Current high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies have the ability to generate large amounts of high-resolution genomic data. The high dimensionality in combination with the substantial levels of technical errors and biological variability typically present in the data make, however, the analysis challenging. Tailored statistical methods are therefore crucial for reaching valid biological conclusions. In this thesis, such methods were developed and applied to address research questions in biology and medicine. First, a method for identification of tumour-specific (somatic) mutations was developed, which included steps for noise-reduction, sensitive detection of DNA alterations and removal of systematic errors. In Paper I, the method was applied to exome-sequenced paired normal–tumour samples from pheochromocytoma patients. A significantly higher mutation rate was found in malignant compared to benign tumours and three genes with recurrent somatic mutations, exclusively located in malignant tumours, were identified. In paper II and III, somatic mutations were identified in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and evaluated as biomarkers in personalised deep sequencing analysis of remaining cancer cells after treatment. In paper III, a statistical model correcting for position-specific errors in the data was developed and shown to provide superior sensitivity compared to standard techniques. In paper IV, clinically relevant molecular subgroups of metastatic small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours were identified based on miRNA gene expression profiles. Survival analysis and subsequent validation suggested miR-375 as a prognostic biomarker. In paper V, a hierarchical Bayesian model for detecting differences on nucleotide level between microbial communities is proposed. By including between-sample variability and utilizing a shrinkage approach, the model was able to perform well both in cases of few samples and high biological variability. Finally, the model was used to detect antibiotic resistance mutations in bacteria. This thesis demonstrates that dedicated statistical analysis and knowledge of the underlying error structure present in high-dimensional biological data is of importance for enabling accurate interpretation and sound conclusions.
A Mathematical Tribute to ENNIO DE GIORGI

We consider the optimization problem for a shape cost functional F (Ω, f) which depends on a domain Ω varying in a suitable admissible class and on a “right-hand side” f . More precisely, the cost functional F is given by an integral which involves the solution u of an elliptic PDE in Ω with right-hand side f ; the boundary conditions considered are of the Dirichlet type. When the function f is only known up to some degree of uncertainty, our goal is to obtain the existence of an optimal shape in the worst possible situation. Some numerical simulations are provided, showing the difference in the optimal shape between the case when f is perfectly known and the case when only the worst situation is optimized. Xavier Cabré (ICREA and UPC, Barcelona). Curves and surfaces with constant nonlocal mean curvature. Abstract. The talk will be concerned with hypersurfaces of R with constant nonlocal (or fractional) mean curvature. This is the equation associated to critical points of the fractional perimeter under a volume constraint. We first prove the nonlocal analogue of the Alexandrov result characterizing spheres as the only closed embedded hypersurfaces in R with constant mean curvature. Our second result establishes the existence of periodic cylinders in R with constant nonlocal mean curvature and bifurcating from a straight cylinder. These are Delaunay type cylinders in the nonlocal setting. Here we use a Lyapunov-Schmidt procedure for a quasilinear type fractional elliptic equation. Finally, we prove the existence of different types of periodic lattices made of near-spheres and having constant nonlocal mean curvature. (These are joint works with Mouhamed M. Fall, Joan Sol-Morales, and Tobias Weth) Luis Caffarelli (University of Texas at Austin). The Monge-Ampère equation, local and integral. Abstract. In this lecture I will make a brief review of the properties (existence, regularity) of the second order Monge-Ampère equation, and will then discuss some non local versions, and their properties. Camillo De Lellis (Zurich University). Min-max methods for surfaces with boundary. Abstract. We extend the min-max constructions pioneered by Pitts to hypersurfaces with a prescribed boundary γ on a bounded convex domain, proving full boundary regularity of the min-max hypersurface. One main implication is the following n-dimensional version of a classical theorem for 2-dimensional surfaces: if γ bounds two (regular) embedded local minima then it bounds a third distinct embedded minimal hypersurface. The latter is regular up to a compact set of codimension (n− 7) which does not intersect γ. Piero D’Ancona (Università di Roma “La Sapienza”). Global existence of small equivariant wave maps on rotationally symmetric manifolds. Abstract. We introduce a class of rotationally invariant manifolds, which we call admissible, on which the wave flow satisfies smoothing and Strichartz estimates. We deduce the global existence of equivariant wave maps from admissible manifolds to general targets,
ORGANIC ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS: POLYCYCLIC HYDROCARBONS FROM COAL ATMOSPHERIC FLUIDISED BED COMBUSTION (AFBC)

The work deals with coal combustion in a pilot-plant fluidised bed (7 cm i.d.) under atmospheric conditions. The aims are to capture and analyse qualitatively as well as quantitatively the volatile polycyclic hydrocarbons emitted by using coal as energy source under various combustion conditions. After establishing the sampling procedure, the emissions are caught in five different traps (two cyclones, nylon and teflon filters, and XAD-2). The contribution of each of the sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) listed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as priority pollutants is analysed, and their emissions as a function of the combustion variables (combustion temperature, percentage of excess oxygen, air flow and fluidising agent) are reported. Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy is the analytical tool used for identification and quantification of the PAH emissions.
The Relationship Among Life Style , Coping Strategies and Religiosity With General Health in Iranian Students

Received Jun 5, 2013 Revised Aug Jul 16, 2013 Accepted Aug 18, 2013 General health has been associated with many variables that from most important can be noted Life Style, Coping Strategies and Religiosity. This study examined the relationship between life style, coping strategies, religiosity and general health among Iranian students.This cross sectional study was conducted on 180 students of 15-17 years old who were selected via multi step cluster sampling method design from schools in the Varamin suburb, Iran in 2013. All students completed the questionnaires of life style, coping strategies, religiosity and general health and regression was used for data analyses.The statistical analysis revealed a positive relationship between life style, problem solving strategy and internal religiosity with general health (P<0.01) and a negative relationship between emotional coping strategy with general health (P<0.05). Life style, internal religiosity and problem-focused strategy predicted 32 percent of variance of general health and also share of life style in the prediction of general health was over of other variables.These results a highlight the importance in considering life style at further understanding of general health in students. Keyword: