Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategic Supply Management: Principles, theories and practice

Contents PART ONE: THE FUNDAMENTALS OF SUPPLY i. Preface 1. The Supply Challenge 2. The Evolution of Purchasing and Supply Management 3. The Make or Buy Decision: A Theoretical Perspective 4. Sourcing Strategies and Supply Chain Configurations 5. Strategic Supplier Selection 6. Supplier Development PART TWO: DEVELOPING SUPPLY STRATEGY 7. Supply Strategy: The Development of the Supply Wheel 8. Aligning Supply with Corporate Strategy 9. Competency and Skills Development for Strategic Supply 10. Organisational Structures for Supply Management 11. Performance Measurement 12. Cost Benefit Analysis 13. Managing Interfirm Relationships PART THREE: STRATEGIC ISSUES IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 14. Environmental and Ethical Issues in Supply Management 15. Involving Suppliers in New Project Development 16. Public and Regulated Supply Management 17. Electronic Supply 18. The Relevance of Commodities 19. Services Procurement PART FOUR: FUTURE DECISIONS 20. The Future - A Trajectory for Supply Management
Number of Intratumoral T Lymphocytes Is Associated With Lymph Node Size, Lymph Node Harvest, and Outcome in Node-Negative Colon Cancer.

OBJECTIVES We postulated that lymph node (LN) harvest and LN size are influenced by immunologic effects. METHODS To investigate this hypothesis, we performed a retrospective analysis of 170 node-negative colon cancer cases to evaluate the density of intratumoral T lymphocytes (ITLs). CD3- and CD8-positive T cells were counted using a digital system. RESULTS The ITL density was significantly increased in cases with sufficient LN harvest and high numbers of LNs larger than 5 mm (LN5). High ITL numbers were associated with improved cancer-specific survival. The analysis of the immune score revealed a significantly different cancer-specific outcome (P = .024), with no cancer-related death in the group with the highest score. The immune score and tumor budding were independently prognostic. CONCLUSIONS ITL density is independently prognostic and associated with LN harvest and LN size. The immune response is very likely the true explanation for the known prognostic effect of the LN harvest in colon cancer.
Volume 3

In this article, I contend that attending to the intersections of embodiment and cultural experience is especially fruitful in considering Azuma Hiroki’s postulation of hypervisuality. Putting hypervisuality into dialogue with North American and Western European work on the visual, and senses more broadly, I argue, offers a chance to see how the culturally and historically contextual privileging of sight and processes of representation coincide to help produce a modality of narrative engagement that conflates an individual’s singular reading with the potentiality for such a reading’s universal experience. While Azuma Hiroki’s Dōbutsuka suru posutomodan: otaku kara mita nihon shakai (2001) has often been considered in Anglophone reception as a work examining a specific Japanese subculture, I turn in this article to his theory of the ‘hypervisual,’ and place it into relation with work on the cultural contours of the visual. Herein, I place such an idea of hypervisuality in relation work that is critical of North American and Western European cultural elevation of the visual as the most valued sense and preeminent way of knowing. Together, I hold, these bodies of work push us further towards an understanding of processes of interpretation and narrative engagement in the present.
House money effects in experimental asset markets

We investigate whether prices in experimental asset markets behave differently when participants are required to trade over earned wealth compared to unearned wealth. The latter describes the standard practice of endowing participants with cash/assets in experimental asset market studies of bubbles, which may elicit greater-than-normal risk-seeking behaviour, thereby confounding attempts to understand their drivers or mitigators. We take a new methodological approach in the vein of Cherry et al (2002) in seeking to answer this question by requiring participants in one treatment to earn their initial market allocation. We find that bubbles/mispricing occurs with similar frequency, severity, and duration whether trade occurs with earned or unearned wealth. Our results indicate that any confounding effect(s) caused by endowed money in past studies of bubbles is minimal. Consequently, existing methodology in the study of bubbles does not require modification.
Partnering with Competitors - An Empirical Analysis of Airline Alliances and Multimarket Competition

Competition has become an important theme in the operations management literature and, according to recent theoretical and empirical work, the key finding is that firms tend to overstock or overproduce under competition. Following this prediction, one would expect that, after airlines start a multifaceted collaboration by forming an alliance, their networks would be consolidated and capacity redundancies would be eliminated, as intensity of competition decreases among alliance partners. Surprisingly, we find exactly the opposite: in the post-alliance era, alliance partners seek to overlap their networks more and they increase capacities on the markets in which two partners are already present. At the same time, average prices in those markets increase by about $11 per one-way segment coupon. We explain these results using predictions based on the theory of multimarket competition: as firms seek out opportunities to establish multimarket contact to strengthen mutual forbearance, they have incentives to increase overlap even though this decision may not seem optimal or efficient locally or in the short term. We examine other plausible competing mechanisms built on theories of capacity and service competition and commonly cited benefits of airline alliances but ultimately we conclude that our findings are most likely driven by the multimarket competition. This paper therefore underscores the importance of going beyond simple bilateral competition models whose predictions may not hold when firms compete operationally in multiple markets, a phenomenon which is widespread in many operations-intensive industries.
Heritability and prevalence of selected osteochondrosis lesions in yearling Thoroughbred horses

Summary Background Osteochondrosis is considered multifactorial in origin, with factors such as nutrition, conformation, body size, trauma and genetics thought to contribute to its pathogenesis. Few studies have investigated the effects of genetic variability of osteochondrosis in Thoroughbreds. Objectives To describe the prevalence and genetic variability of a subset of osteochondrosis lesions in a group of Thoroughbred yearlings. Study design Retrospective cohort study. Methods Radiographs of 1962 Thoroughbred yearlings were retrieved from clinical records obtained between 2005 and 2013. Pedigree information was obtained from the Australian Stud Book. Osteochondrosis lesions were documented in selected joints and estimates of heritability were obtained by fitting linear mixed models in ASREML software. Results The overall prevalence of osteochondrosis was 23%. Osteochondrosis was identified in 10% of stifle joints, 6% of hock joints and 8% of fetlock joints. The heritability estimates ranged from 0 to 0.21. The largest estimates were 0.10, 0.14, 0.16 and 0.21 for lesions of the distal intermediate ridge of the tibia, dorso‐proximal proximal phalanx (P1), any stifle osteochondrosis, and lesions of the lateral trochlear ridge of the distal femur, respectively. Although calculated heritability estimates had high standard errors, meta‐analyses combining the present results with published estimates were significant at 0.10, 0.17, 0.15 and 0.20 for stifle, tarsal, fetlock and these joints combined, respectively. In addition, there was a permanent environment attributable to the dam effect. Main limitations Inclusion criteria were based on radiographic findings in specific joints at a specific age range in Thoroughbreds. Conclusions The present results indicate that only a proportion of osteochondrosis in Thoroughbreds is heritable. The permanent environment effects of the dam were observed to have effects on some categories of osteochondrosis.
Deal innovations in mergers and acquisitions: do go-shop provisions create real benefits?

This study examines the effects of go-shop provisions on targets and bidders in merger agreements. We document that go-shop provisions have higher deal synergies and higher positive wealth effect on targets than no-shop deals. Further, go-shop provisions have a significant impact on the behavior of initial bidders but have no effect on bidders’ wealth. The go-shop period, the number of potential buyers contacted, the number of confidentiality agreements entered, and bifurcated termination fee structures are important determinants of deal outcomes. The findings support the shareholder interest theory, suggesting that go-shop provisions are an effective market canvas alternative to public auctions. JEL classification: G34; K22
Mortality among pulp and paper workers.

Mortality among 2,113 U.S. and Canadian members of the Pulp, Sulfite, and Paper Workers' Union, 1935 through 1964, was studied using a proportionate mortality analysis. Mortality due to gastric cancer was found to be elevated in all jurisdictions, but only in mills using sulfate or sulfite pulping. An excess of mortality due to kidney cancer was limited to mills in Oregon and Washington. Excesses of deaths due to leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and lymphosarcoma were observed only in mills in Oregon, Washington, and Wisconsin and the province of Quebec. Based on small numbers, excesses of deaths due to cancers of rectum, pancreas, kidney, and lymphosarcoma were seen primarily among sulfite process workers, while Hodgkin's disease deaths occurred primarily in sulfate (kraft) process workers. These findings suggest that cancer mortality in pulp and paper workers may be related both to pulping process and to tree species processed.
Bimodal administration of entacapone in Parkinson’s disease patients improves motor control

Catechol‐O‐methyl transferase (COMT) inhibition by entacapone enhances levodopa absorption and reduces ‘off’ time in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We hypothesized that the administration of entacapone in a bimodal fashion (two doses 1 h apart) would enhance levodopa absorption and improve the motor symptoms of PD. Patients with PD (n = 17) were given immediate (IR)‐ or controlled (CR)‐release levodopa each with either one or two doses of entacapone. Bimodal entacapone produced a significant increase in IR and CR levodopa half‐life, ‘area under the curve’ (AUC), and Cmax with levodopa CR. For both IR and CR levodopa, bimodal entacapone resulted in a significant improvement in the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III (motor). Bimodal entacapone increased COMT inhibition, improved the pharmacokinetics of levodopa and improved motor scores for 6 to 8 h. Bimodal use of entacapone may be useful in selected patients to improve motor control and implies that controlled release COMT inhibition would be beneficial in PD patients.
Closed-Hub Systems with Protected Connections and the Reduction of Risk of Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection in Pediatric Patients Receiving Intravenous Prostanoid Therapy for Pulmonary Hypertension

Background. Intravenous prostanoids (epoprostenol and treprostinil) are effective therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension but carry a risk of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CR-BSI). Prevention of CR-BSI during long-term use of indwelling central venous catheters is important. Objective. To evaluate whether using a closed-hub system and waterproofing catheter hub connections reduces the rate of CR-BSI per 1,000 catheter-days. Design. Single-center open observational study (January 2003-December 2008). Patients. Pediatric patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension who received intravenous prostanoids. Methods. In July 2007, CR-BSI preventive measures were implemented, including the use of a closed-hub system and the waterproofing of catheter hub connections during showering. Rates of CR-BSI before and after implementing preventive measures were compared with respect to medication administered and type of bacterial infection. Results. Fifty patients received intravenous prostanoid therapy for a total of 41,840 catheter-days. The rate of CR-BSI during the study period was 0.51 infections per 1,000 catheter-days for epoprostenol and 1.38 infections per 1,000 catheter-days for treprostinil, which differed significantly (P < .01 ). CR-BSIs caused by gram-negative pathogens occurred more frequently with treprostinil than with epoprostenol (0.91 infections per 1,000 catheter-days vs 0.08 infections per 1,000 catheter-days; P <.01). Patients treated with treprostinil after the implemented changes had a significant decrease in CR-BSI rate (1.95 infections per 1,000 catheter-days vs 0.19 infections per 1,000 catheter-days; P <.01). Conclusion. The closed-hub system and the maintenance of dry catheter hub connections significantly reduced the incidence of CR-BSI (particularly infections caused by gram-negative pathogens) in patients receiving intravenous treprostinil.
Activation of spinal delta-1 or delta-2 opioid receptors reduces carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia in the rat.

The role of spinal delta opioid receptors in mediating antinociception was studied by using the carrageenan-induced model of thermal hyperalgesia. Intrathecal administration of [D-Ala2, Glu4]-deltorphin (DELT), a delta-2 receptor agonist, or DPDPE, a delta-1 receptor agonist, produced a dose-dependent increase in paw-flick latency (PFL) with an ED50 of 14.0 micrograms for DELT and 30.4 micrograms for DPDPE. DAMGO, a mu receptor agonist, also increased the PFL in a dose-dependent manner when administered intrathecally with an ED50 of 0.02 microgram. Each opioid agonist increased the PFL to values that exceeded base-line latencies determined before the injection of carrageenan. However, DELT and DPDPE increased the PFL to a greater extent than did DAMGO. Coadministration of 30 micrograms of naltrindole shifted the dose-effect line of DELT to the right by 3.5-fold and that of DPDPE to the right by 2.5-fold, consistent with its characterization as a mixed delta-1/delta-2 receptor antagonist. Coadministration of 3 micrograms of naltriben (NTB) shifted the dose-effect line of DELT to the right by 3.2-fold, whereas 10 micrograms of NTB shifted the dose-effect line of DELT at least 15-fold to the right. Neither dose of NTB antagonized the effects of DPDPE. These data are consistent with characterization of NTB as a selective delta-2 receptor antagonist. The antinociception produced by DAMGO was noncompetitively antagonized by 30 micrograms of naltrindole and it was competitively antagonized by 10 micrograms of NTB. Thus, although NTB distinguishes between delta-1 and delta-2 opioid receptors, high doses may not effectively distinguish between delta and mu receptors. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Managing Sport for Public Health : Approaching Contemporary Problems with Traditional Solutions

In the area of public health, civil society involvement in attaining government objectives on physical activity participation is often carried out by voluntary sport organizations (Agergaard & Michelsen la Cour, 2012; Osterlind & Wright, 2014; Skille, 2009; Theeboom, Haudenhuyse, & De Knop, 2010). In Sweden, this responsibility has been given to the Swedish Sport Confederation (SSC), a voluntary and membership-based non-profit organization, granted government authority to govern Swedish sport towards government objectives (Bergsgard & Norberg, 2010; Bolling, 2005). Research has pointed to difficulties for sport organizations to shoulder such responsibilities due to the deeply rooted logic of competition in sport and organizational structures adapted for competitive sport (Skille, 2011; Stenling & Fahlen, 2009). This article focuses on how public health is being constructed, implemented and given meaning within the SSC. Drawing on a critical discourse approach (Fairclough & Fairclough, 2012) this study explores the SSC’s role and position in public health promotion by interviewing SSC representatives and National Sport Organizations’ (NSO) general managers. Results indicate how discourses on democracy, equality and physical activity are used to legitimize the SSC’s role in public health. Also, how these discourses are compromised in practice, posing challenges for organized sport in meeting objectives of public health.
Transient Sensorineural Hearing Loss after Overuse of Portable Headphone Cassette Radios

Noise-induced sensorineural hearing loss has been associated with Industry for many years. One conservative estimate suggests that 10 million Americans may have industry-related, noise-induced hearing loss. Acoustic trauma from any source, whether associated with work or recreations, is detrimental to hearing. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration has set industrial standards for noise levels, with current standards limiting noise exposure to 95 dBA for 2 hours daily. To date, however, there are no recreational standards. Many portable headphone cassette radios produce peak outputs of more than 100 dBA. Temporary threshold shifts could result from listening levels near the maximum output. Permanent sensorineural loss may result with repeated exposure. A pilot study was conducted in which 16 volunteers listened to headphone sets for 3 hours at their usual maximum level. Six volunteers showed transient shifts of 10 dB, and one volunteer showed a transient shift of approximately 30 dB. These shifts returned to normal within 24 hours. As expected, transient shifts frequently occur with recreational use. Therefore, recreational warnings and standards should be established.
Modular Physical Modeling Synthesis Environments on GPU

Physical mode ling synthesis is a powerful means of access to a wide variety of synthetic sounds of an acoustic character—one longstanding design principle underlying such methods has been, and continues to be modularity, or the decomposition of a complex instrument into simpler building blocks. In this paper, various modular physical modeling design environments, based on the use of time stepping methods such as finite difference time domain methods are described, with an emphasis on the underlying computational behaviour of such methods, both in the run-time loop and in precomputation. As such methods are computationally intensive, additional emphasis is placed on issues surrounding parallelisation, and implementation in highly parallel hardware such as graphics processing units. This paper is paired with a recently completed multichannel piece, and the composer’s perspective on working with such environments is also addressed.
Low-Complexity Equalization for Orthogonal Time and Frequency Signaling (OTFS)

Recently, a new precoding technique called orthogonal time-frequency signaling (OTFS) has been proposed for time- and frequency-selective communication channels. OTFS precodes a data frame with a complete set of spreading sequences and transmits the results via orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). OTFS uses two dimensional (2D) linear spreading sequences in time and frequency which are the basis functions of a symplectic Fourier transform. OTFS allows the utilization of time- and frequency-diversity but requires maximum likelihood decoding to achieve full diversity. In this paper we show performance results of a low-complexity equalizer using soft-symbol feedback for interference cancellation after an initial minimum-mean square error equalization step. Performance results for an implementation in the delay-Doppler domain and in the time-frequency domain are compared. With our equalizer, OTFS achieves a gain of 5dB compared to OFDM for a bit error rate of $10^{-4}$ and a velocity of $200\,\text{km/h}$.
Evaluating the suitability of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antibodies for standard immunodetection procedures

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors play important roles in numerous cognitive processes as well as in several debilitating central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In order to fully elucidate the diverse roles of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in CNS function and dysfunction, a detailed knowledge of their cellular and subcellular localizations is essential. To date, methods to precisely localize nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the CNS have predominantly relied on the use of anti‐receptor subunit antibodies. Although data obtained by immunohistology and immunoblotting are generally in accordance with ligand binding studies, some discrepancies remain, in particular with electrophysiological findings. In this context, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit‐deficient mice should be ideal tools for testing the specificity of subunit‐directed antibodies. Here, we used standard protocols for immunohistochemistry and western blotting to examine the antibodies raised against the α3‐, α4‐, α7‐, β2‐, and β4‐nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits on brain tissues of the respective knock‐out mice. Unexpectedly, for each of the antibodies tested, immunoreactivity was the same in wild‐type and knock‐out mice. These data imply that, under commonly used conditions, these antibodies are not suited for immunolocalization. Thus, particular caution should be exerted with regards to the experimental approach used to visualize nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain.
Clinical use of a neck brace to improve hands‐free speech in laryngectomized patients

Time of adherence of adhesive baseplate housings to the neck of a laryngectomized patient is one of the main problems that account for the low number of laryngectomy patients who benefit from hands‐free speech. An external neck brace (ENB 1.0) was introduced to support peristomal fixation of adhesive baseplates.
Stereotactic limbic leucotomy—a follow-up study of thirty patients

This prospective study reports the results of stereotactic limbic leucotomy at a mean of 17 months following surgery. Clinical improvement had occurred in twenty-four (80%) of the patients, fifteen (50%) of them being symptom free or much improved. Fourteen of sixteen patients suffering from obsessional neurosis were improved, as were five of seven with chronic anxiety and the degree of improvement at 17 months was superior to that at 6 weeks. Psychometric scores of anxiety, obsessions and neuroticism were all significantly reduced at 17 months. The mean depression scores were also significantly reduced and this result was superior to that reported in a previous study of ‘free-hand’ operations. Adverse effects were not a problem following limbic leucotomy. Emotional blunting, disinhibition, post-operative epilepsy and excessive weight gain were not encountered, and intelligence was unaffected by the operation. Limbic leucotomy is a much more limited and precise procedure than older ‘free-hand’ operations which we have studied, but its therapeutic effects are comparable and in obsessional neurosis, superior.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT AUDITOR INDEPENDEN PADA KANTOR AKUNTAN PUBLIK (KAP) DI JAWA TENGAH

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the independence, experience, due professional care and accountability for the quality of audits. The population in this study is the auditor of KAP in Central Java. Determination of sample, using a purposive sampling method with the criteria that auditors have a minimum 2 years experience. The data in this research is obtained by distributing questionnaires to the respondents on 15 KAP in the city of Semarang and Solo. For testing research hypotheses using multiple regression analysis. These results prove that the independence and accountability effect on audit quality. So the higher attitude of independence and accountability are owned by the auditor it will improve the quality of audits. While experience and due professional care had no effect on audit quality. Key words: Audit Quality, Independence, Experience, Due Professional Care and Accountability