Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF TREATMENT INCLUDING LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION ADHERENCE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS AND FACTORS AFFECTING TREATMENT ADHERENCE

Diabetes mellitus is a growing cause of disease burden worldwide. In order to maintain the glycemic control, multifaceted management and pharmacotherapy are playing vital role. Data related to medication adherence among the affected patients are not much recorded in developing countries like India. In this study, the level of adherence and factor influencing non-adherence to diabetic medication among patients with type II diabetes was assessed. This is a hospital based cross sectional study among adult patients receiving diabetic care. The medication adherence was assessed using the Medication compliance questionnaire. Factors associated with non-adherence to medication were determined using basic and adjusted multivariable logistic regression models. A total of 101 patients with type II diabetes were recruited for this study. Most of the patients told that they practiced both aerobic exercises and diet along with their medication for diabetic management. Nearly 90% of the patients adherent to diet and maximum of 73% patients took oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) alone followed both combination of OHA and insulin. Out of 101 patients, 67 had co-morbid psychiatric illness including mood disorders, neurotic stress and somatoform disorder. Adherence to treatment with diabetic is moderate in this study with more than half of participants being non-adherent. Urgent interventions are required to tackle this problem in combined efforts to stem this looming diabetes epidemic. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, life style modifications, treatment adherence
Evaluation of the Performance of Haemoglobin Colour Scale and Comparison with HemoCue Haemoglobin Assay in Diagnosing Childhood Anaemia: A Field Validation Study

Background Anaemia in children has high mortality. We present the results of assessment of the accuracy of Haemoglobin Colour Scale in identifying anaemia compared with HemoCue assay. Methods The presence of anaemia in 524 children from four communities was screened using the Haemoglobin Colour Scale (HCS) and HemoCue assay. Independent healthcare providers that estimated the haemoglobin level using Hb-301 haemoglobinometer were different from those that read the colour scale. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were estimated. Results Of the 524 children surveyed, 44.5% (233/524), 50% (262/524), and 32.2% (168/524) were found to be anaemic using the HemoCue, HCS (p= 0.25), and clinical pallor (p=0.03) respectively. Using the HemoCue as standard, the sensitivity of the HCS and clinical pallor was 89.1% and 72.1%, respectively, and specificity 90.2% and 84.6%, respectively. 74.7 % of the colour scale result was within the 1.0g/dl of the HemoCue reading and 23 % was within 2.0g/dl. Conclusion The HCS can improve the ability to detect anaemia especially where the use of the HemoCue is not feasible as in the resource poor countries. However, every case of anaemia requires further investigation to determine the underlying causes.
Carotid artery stenting versus carotid endarterectomy in the treatment of symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose: To evaluate the short-term and intermediate- to long-term efficacy and safety of carotid artery stenting (CAS) compared with carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Materials and Methods: The published literature was electronically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) between CAS and CEA for the treatment of carotid stenosis performed from January 2000 to January 2017. The short-term and intermediate- to long-term outcomes were evaluated. Results: We identified 10 RCTs including 7,183 participants with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Our meta-analysis found different results between the patients with and those without symptoms. In patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis, the total stroke incidence in the CAS group was significantly higher than that in the CEA group within the 30-day periprocedural period (p<0.001); however, the myocardial infarction incidence in the CAS group was significantly lower than that in the CEA group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the mortality within 30 days post-procedure, but the intermediate- to long-term incidence of stroke or death in the CAS group was higher than that of the CEA group (p<0.05). In contrast, for asymptomatic patients, there were no significant differences between the CAS and CEA groups in the short- and intermediate- to long-term outcomes. Conclusion: For patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis, CEA is associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction, whereas CAS is correlated with an increased risk of procedurally related strokes. However, for patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis, no significant difference was found in the efficacy or safety between CAS and CEA.
Halo Nevi in children: A separate entity or a sign of vitiligo?

Background: Halo nevi (HN) can present either singly or along with vitiligo. Whether they are different entities, remains debatable. Objectives: The objective of the study is to compare clinicoepidemiologic and laboratory factors associated with HN, HN with vitiligo and vitiligo alone, in children. Methodology: A total of 205 children <18 years who presented to the outpatient department were sampled purposively to three groups: (a) HN without vitiligo, (b) HN with vitiligo, and (c) Vitiligo without HN. Results: There were seven patients in Group A, 11 in Group B, and 187 in Group C. A statistically significant difference was noted between Group B and C in the age of onset (0.004) as well as the age of presentation (0.031). Even though the disease process had started in head-and-neck region in more than half of the patients in each group, HN was present mostly on trunk (90.9%) in Group B and in 28.6% in Group A. No statistically significant difference was noted in associated disorders, personal or family history of autoimmune disorders, koebnerization, leukotrichia, or laboratory tests. Conclusions: Our study, particularly done among pediatric population, has failed to demonstrate much significant differences between HN and vitiligo, except in the age of presentation as well as the age of onset. It further gives proof to substantiate the hypothesis that HN can be a part of clinical spectra of vitiligo.
Spatio-temporal colonization patterns of forest plant species in a mixed deciduous forest

An integrated analysis of the colonization patterns of forest plant species was carried out in a 34-ha, mixed deciduous forest in northern Belgium. First, we sought to describe the relationships between land use history and envi- ronmental conditions. Land use history and soil type were related and negative correlations between pH and secondary forest age were found. The density of the shrub layer increases with secondary forest age. Litter quantity and cover of Urtica dioica were mainly indirectly influenced by land use history. Litter starts accumulating at low pH values and high shrub density and Urtica dioica grows vigorously on nutrient en- riched soils where much light can reach the ground. Next, the importance of these human-altered environmental conditions for the colonization of forest plant species was assessed rela- tive to the importance of dispersal limitation. Therefore, the distribution of 16 forest species was mapped and species- specific spatio-temporal isolation measures were calculated. The analysis revealed that the colonization patterns of the slowly colonizing species (i.e. 'ancient forest plant species') are best explained by a combination of spatio-temporal isola- tion, soil type, pH and the (non-)cover of Urtica dioica. By contrast, spatio-temporal isolation was never a limiting factor for good colonizing forest species. Our results suggest that colonization of 'ancient forest plant species' is hampered by a combination of dispersal and recruitment limitation and that the relative importance of both factors is species-specific.
Fluid Electrolyte And Acid Base Disorders In Small Animal Practice

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Design and Analysis of Low Power Universal Line Encoder & Decoder

Communication plays an important role in day to day life. The information or data is transmitted through various techniques and line coding is one of the finest techniques for sending data. The selection of these techniques depends on the bandwidth requirement, DC level, bit error rate performance and the inbuilt error detection property. In this line coding techniques whose encoder and decoder have been designed and analyzed are Unipolar RZ, NRZ-I, NRZ-L, Manchester, Differential Manchester, AMI, Pseudoternary, B8ZS, HDB3 coding. Any one of these techniques can be access with the mode of selection. Switching activity is the one of the main factors that is responsible for the dynamic power dissipation. Power consumption by the encoders and decoders is directly proportional to switching activity. To optimize the power of the universal line encoder - decoder, Bus Shift (BS) coding scheme is applied that circularly shifts the data to minimize the transition. Simulation results show the average saving margin of power in universal encoder is 22% while in universal decoder saving margin is 35%. Keywords NRZ-I (Non Return To Zero Invert), NRZ-L (non return to zero level), AMI (alternate mark inversion), Manchester formats, pseudo ternary encoded format, B8ZS (bipolar eight zero substitution) and HDB3 (high density bipolar zero)
A Critical Review of “A randomized trial of the effects of the no-carrageenan diet on ulcerative colitis disease activity (Nutr. Healthy Aging. 2017; 4(2): 181–192).”

Carrageenan (CGN) is a widely used food additive commonly found in dairy products, dairy substitutes (such as almond milk and soy milk), deli meats, nutritional supplements, beverages, and infant formula. It is typically used as a gelling, thickening, emulsifying and stabilizing agent and to improve the mouthfeel of the product. Decades of research on CGN safety has been reviewed by numerous regulatory bodies across the world. These regulatory bodies have all agreed on the safety status of CGN used as a food additive. Despite this, a few groups have continually published reports using misinformation and misinterpretation of results to suggest that CGN is harmful. The study reviewed here, “A randomized trial of the effects of the no-carrageenan diet on ulcerative colitis disease activity (Bhattacharyya et al. Nutr. Healthy Aging. 2017; 4(2): 181–192)” from Joanne Tobacman’s group, is an example of this. In this study, Bhattacharyya et al. set out to assess the impact of CGN in the diet on the interval to relapse in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) who were currently in remission. For the study, UC patients in remission were instructed to participate in a “no carrageenan” diet. Some of the participants also received placebo capsules while others received CGN capsules. CGN, being a food additive, is mostly ingested as part of the diet, and typically bound to food protein. It is never ingested as a bolus in capsule form. The study contains errors in the interpretation of CGN literature and has cited studies that used degraded CGN, not food grade CGN. There are also issues with the use of statistical tests and data interpretation. In one instance, the authors seemed to ignore their own study results, suggested that CGN in the diet had no effect. Here we will review these issues as well as discuss how this study could have been approached to eliminate obvious bias.
Two cases of ectopic abdominal pregnancy in queens.

Еxtrauterine pregnancy (or ectopic) pregnancy, is a rare condition, when embryos or fetuses are located outside the uterus. The objective of this work was to describe two cases of abdominal ectopic pregnancy found during a routine spay of stray cats. Before surgery in both animals abdominal enlargement was detected. Fetuses were located in the abdominal cavity, covered adhesiv by omentum, with no clear traces of fetal membranes. In the first cat 3 and in the other 2 deformed fetuses in size from 3 to 6 cm were found. In the second animals the fetal limbs and head were completely formed. Bones ossification was visualized by X-ray. The uterus size in queens were same during a non-pregnant state without visible external changes. After neutering animals recovered quickly. The second operation was performed more than three months after the end of the breeding season. It was assumed that the described clinical cases were refer to secondary abdominal pregnancy. They are evidence that ectopic pregnancy in cats can be detected not only as an accidental finding but also by assumption of prolonged pregnancy.
Downregulation of microRNA-1246 inhibits tumor growth and promotes apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by targeting thrombospondin-2

Cervical cancer pathogenesis is regulated by numerous factors, including microRNAs. MicroRNA 1246 (miR-1246) has been shown to serve a role in cervical cancer tumorigenesis. However, the mechanisms through which miR-1246 exerts its oncogenic effects are largely unknown. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of lentivirus-mediated miR-1246 knockdown on the biological characteristics and behavior of cervical cancer cells, and to identify the downstream signaling pathways affected by miR-1246 knockdown. Short hairpins inhibiting miR-1246 were synthesized and cloned into a recombinant lentiviral vector (LV-miR-1246-Inh), which was then used to infect SiHa cervical cancer cells. The effects of LV-miR-1246-Inh infection on cell invasion, proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by Transwell assay, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Thrombospondin-2 (THBS2), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), MMP9 and extracellular matrix (ECM) component expression levels were evaluated, and the growth of xenograft tumors formed following injection of SiHa cells with knockdown of miR-1246 was assessed. miR-1246 downregulation in SiHa cells decreased proliferation, induced apoptosis and upregulated THBS2 expression. Furthermore, MMP2 and MMP9 levels were downregulated, whereas components of the ECM were upregulated subsequent to miR-1246 knockdown, indicating that this miRNA regulates cervical cancer cell pathogenesis via the THBS2/MMP/ECM pathway. Notably, SiHa cells with miR-1246 downregulation had a markedly decreased ability to form tumors in vivo. These results suggest that miR-1246 functions during cervical cancer pathogenesis and tumor formation via the THBS2/MMP/ECM signaling pathway. These findings support the future use of miR-1246 suppression in the treatment of cervical cancer.
A comparative study of Facebook vs. paper-and-pencil writing to improve L2 writing skills

ABSTRACT Facebook has best leveraged the rapid technological and societal changes over the past decade to grow into the world's largest social-networking site (SNS). However, research of Facebook has lagged behind other Web 2.0 technologies, particularly in regards to investigating its efficacy versus a control group to improve L2 writing. This study, which involved 30 Japanese university English as a foreign language (EFL) students, aims to fill this gap in the literature by examining three areas of L2 writing, namely – writing fluency, lexical richness, and grammatical accuracy – in an experimental group using Facebook (n = 16) and a control group (n = 14) using paper-and-pencil. Both groups underwent a 12-week treatment of two in-class focused freewritings a week. Three writing assessments were administered at the start, middle, and end of the treatment to assess its effectiveness. Results from the Mann–Whitney test showed that the experimental group made more significant gains in terms of writing fluency. On the other hand, neither group made significant progress in lexical richness nor grammatical accuracy. These findings strengthen previous research in support of the use of Facebook in L2 classes and highlight the need for additional studies comparing Facebook with other writing mediums.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Associated Necrotizing Pneumonia With Adjunctive Corticosteroid Therapy

Necrotizing pneumonia induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a rare but severe condition. It is difficult to distinguish between M. tuberculosis-associated and bacterial necrotizing pneumonia. The optimal treatment for this condition is controversial. Here, we report a case of M. tuberculosis-associated necrotizing pneumonia treated with the adjunctive corticosteroid and the antituberculosis drugs.
Dynaimics Model and Load Calculation of Double Beam Bridge Crane

The simulation analysis of lifting mechanism involves modeling and simulation analysis of flexible object;therefore,higher technology is needed for the simulation.Using the relevant technology,this paper studied the simulation of lifting mechanism and solved the problem of modeling and simulation analysis of flexible object,and realized the dynamic simulation.Meanwhile,it can provide certain technical support and implementation approach for the simulation of flexible body.
Storage and disposal practice of unused medication among the Saudi families: An endorsement for best practice

Improper storage and disposal of medications potentially pose a significant risk to both humans and animals. It also increases the economic burden to the society. The objective of this study was to investigate the storage and disposal habits of medications among the public of Saudi Arabia. The common place for storage for most of the medications was the fridge, followed by bedroom, kitchen, living room, and bathroom. An average of one to five unused medications were stored inside the house in Saudi. Antipyretic, pain medications and cough medications were the most common stored medications. Furthermore, we attempt to endorse the guidelines by the Food and Drug Administration for the best disposal practices.
A statistical file system

The paper is a translation of parts of the paper, Elektronmaskinene og statistikkens framtidige utforming, presented for the 7th Meeting of Nordic Statisticians in Helsingfors 1960. The original paper also contained considerations about future developments in electronic data processing equipment.
INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR BY DARNING

Aim & objectives: To find out the early recurrence within one year of open conventional method and, nylon darning repair for inguinal hernia. Patient &method: This hospital-based study was conduct at Ibn Sina teaching hospital in Mukalla-Yemen during three years from February 2002 to 31 January 2005. We used descriptive analysis to determine all cases of inguinal hernias, which were treated surgically by using darning repair, and to evaluate the use of this method according to type and site of inguinal hernia. Results: The sample size used for this study was 120 cases. These cases were distributed according to age groups. Around 2/3 of admitted cases 66.7%, were between 25 and 44 years old. Seventy of operated cases were indirect inguinal hernia, and eighty-five cases were right side inguinal hernia. In postoperative complications, wound infection occurred in four patients. Haematocele was formed in one patient. Only one patient came back with recurrence after one year of operation. Conclusion: Darning repair has limited post operated complications, low recurrence rates, cheep cost & a represent a good alternative to the (gold standard) Lichtenstein mesh repair for primary inguinal hernia especially in poor countries.
An Assessment of the Contribution of log Linear Models to Marketing Research

Recent literature contains several expositions of the log-linear modeling (LLM) capability of analyzing multiway contingency tables. This method has been proposed as a way of overcoming the deficiencies of traditional models such as ordinary least squares and AID. In order to begin an assessment of the utility of LLM, we report the results of four applications, and then provide a rationale for these empirical findings by examining the different model structures.
A Unified Theory of Word Learning: Putting Verb Acquisition in Context

end of the SICI continuum are less accessible through perceptual cues alone. These require social and linguistic support to narrow down the candidate meaning for a word. Because verbs generally, though not always, lie on the more abstract end of the continuum, mapping most verbs and some nouns awaits children’s ability to coordinate use of the multiple cues at their disposal in the service of word learning. The result is that abstract, relational words are not fully mastered until children can recruit these resources successfully.
The Partial Power Control Algorithm of Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks Based on Outage Probability Minimization

The high outage probability of an underwater wireless sensor may lead to high energy consumption. How to reduce the outage probability should be considered for underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs), where battery change is very difficult. Power control, which is one of the technologies to effectively reduce the outage probability, has also been developed for UASNs. However, when using the power control method with the maximum power to transmit packets, the slow fading of the signal in UASNs leads to serious accumulative interference in the receiver, which in turn leads to an even higher outage probability. Another challenge in UASNs is the complex acoustic channel condition with time-space-frequency variation and uncertain TL, which make it difficult to obtain the channel status information (CSI). To address these issues, a novel partial power control (PPC) algorithm based on outage probability minimization in UASNs is proposed. The proposed algorithm captures transmission loss (TL) using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method and estimates CSI in the next moment using AR prediction. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the accumulative interference to the receiver and then reduce the outage probability by 19.3% at the maximum.