Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mazija and Matischa, 1994). Despite many data on the use of Ascogen as a growth factor which through improvement of animal health leads to better

A study was conducted to determine the effect of ASCOGEN, a biogenic performance enhancer, on growth, weight gain, feed conversion and processing performances of heavy–strain Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Six hundred quails were divided into three groups and fed a basal diet (24,5% CP and 12 MJ/kg ME) or a basal diet supplemented with 500 ppm and 1000 ppm Ascogen, from day 1 until 35 days of age. The group fed 1000 ppm Ascogen achieved at 35 days of age a significantly higher (P<0.05) final body weight, carcass weight (P<0.05), carcass yield (P<0.01), wing weight (P<0.01) drumstick weigh (P<0.05) compared to the control group. It exhibited also a lower feed consumption (by 3.61%), more efficient feed conversion (by 6.68%) and higher average daily weight gain (by 3.81%). The group fed 500 ppm Ascogen had a higher carcass weight (P<0.05), carcass yield (P<0.01) higher final body weight (+2.25 %), more efficient feed conversion (+3.2%) and higher daily weight gain (+2.18%) compared to the control group.
Treatment of textile wastewater using a novel electrocoagulation reactor design

This study explored the best-operating conditions for a novel electrocoagulation (EC) reactor with the rotating anode for textile wastewater treatment. The influence of operating parameters like inter-electrode distance (IED), current density (CD), temperature, pH, operating time (RT), and rotation speed on the removal efficiency of the contaminant was studied. A comparative study was done using conventional model with static electrodes in two phases under same textile wastewater The findings revealed that the optimal conditions for textile wastewater treatment were attained at RT = 10 min, CD = 4 mA/cm2, rotation speed = 150 rpm, temperature = 25oC, IED = 1cm, and pH = 4.57. The removal efficiencies of colour, biological oxygen demand (BOD), turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total suspended solid (TSS) were 98.50%, 95.55%, 96%, 98% and 97.10% within the first 10 min of the reaction. The results of the experiment reveal that the newly designed reactor incorporated with cathode rings and rotated anode impellers provide a superior treatment efficiency within a short reaction time. The novel EC reactor with a rotating anode significantly enhanced textile wastewater treatment compared to the conventional model. The values of adsorption and passivation resistance validated the pollutants removal rate.
Treatment Effects and Panel Data

It is a major achievement of the econometric treatment effect literature to clarify under which conditions causal effects are non-parametrically identified. The first part of this chapter focuses on the static treatment model. In this part, I show how panel data can be used to improve the credibility of matching and instrumental variable estimators. In practice, these gains come mainly from the availability of outcome variables measured prior to treatment. Such outcome variables also foster the use of alternative identification strategies, in particular so-called difference-in-difference estimation. In addition to improving the credibility of static causal models, panel data may allow credibly estimating dynamic causal models, which is the main theme of the second part of this chapter.
DO YOU KNOW WHO IS ON THE PHONE? REPLICATION OF AN EXPERIMENT ON TELEPHONE TELEPATHY

Many people report that they know in advance who is on the phone when the telephone is ringing. Such reports may be explained by selective memory or expectancy effects but there are also examples that resist such hypotheses. Thus many people believe in an extrasensory communication transfer that may be termed ‘telephone telepathy’. Surveys show that this kind of belief is widespread and might be one of the most common beliefs regarding the paranormal. Rupert Sheldrake conducted several experiments to find out whether this effect is really due to ESP. Subjects had to determine which one of four possible callers is on the phone while the telephone was still ringing. Sheldrake reports highly significant hit rates that cannot be explained by conventional theories. He claims furthermore that callers who are familiar to the person answering the phone are identified at significant better rates than unfamiliar callers. We attempted to replicate both of these findings by setting up a replication experiment. Twenty-one participants were twice invited for a two-hour session in an office-like room and were asked to pre-identify the callers of 10 phone calls during each session. The caller could be either one of two persons known to the participant or one of two persons unknown to them. With these four possible callers there is a mean chance expectation of 25% correct guesses. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires on earlier experiences with ‘telephone telepathy’, mood, personality and paranormal belief. Then participants spent approximately 100 minutes in the room together with an experimenter while the whole session was recorded on videotape. Approximately every ten minutes a telephone rang and the participant had to announce his call before the experimenter lifted the receiver to check who was calling. The sequence of the four possible callers was determined by a random event generator. Overall valid responses were obtained on 397 calls and the participants identified 106 calls (26.7%) correctly. This result is not significant (z = 0.78). However, 67 (63.2 %) of the correct calls were by familiar callers showing that this group was identified more often than the unknown callers. But this result can be explained by a response bias in the participants because in all 397 calls they responded 242 times (61.0%) with the name of a familiar person. This resulted in a non-significant hit rate of 27.7% and also in a non-significant hit rate of 25.2 % (z = 0.05, n.s.) for the unfamiliar callers respectively. The difference between these two hit rates itself is not significant. Thus, this replication attempt failed to yield any telepathic effect. The possible reasons for the nonsignificant results are discussed.
Edinburgh Research Explorer A search for spectroscopic binaries in the Galactic globular cluster M4 Based on 5973 individual spectra collected at VLT

Aims. We present a large multi-epoch high resolution spectroscopic investigation searching for binary candidates in the Galactic Globular Cluster (GGC) M4. The aim of our work is the identiﬁcation of binary candidates, and the determination of the binary fraction and of the binary radial distribution. Methods. We have obtained 5973 individual spectra of 2469 stars with the multiﬁber facility FLAMES + GIRAFFE at VLT. Selected stars range from the red giant branch tip to one magnitude below the TO, and cover the entire cluster. Each star has been observed at least twice, with a temporal interval of about three years. For 484 stars we have three epochs. Radial velocities were obtained with the classical cross-correlation technique, using a solar type spectrum as the template. Results. The average radial velocity of the observed cluster members is 70 . 29 ± 0 . 07( ± 0 . 3)( ± 0 . 1) km s − 1 . The search for variations in radial velocities among the stars with multi-epoch observations yielded 57 binary star candidates. Our radial velocity measurement accuracy allowed us to identify at a 3 σ level binaries with radial velocity variations larger than ∼ 0 . 3 km s − 1 for the target stars with V ≤ 15, and larger than ∼ 0 . 5 km s − 1 for the targets with V ≥ 15. We identiﬁed 4 binary star candidates out of 97 observed targets inside the core radius, and 53 candidates out of 2372 observed stars outside the core radius. Accounting for the incompleteness a ﬀ ecting our survey, the lower limit for the total binary fraction is f = 3 . 0 ± 0 . 3%. The lower limit for the binary fraction in the cluster core is f = 5 . 1 ± 2 . 3%, while outside the core it decreases to f = 3 . 0 ± 0 . 4%. Similarly, we found f = 4 . 5 ± 0 . 4% and f = 1 . 8 ± 0 . 6% for the binary fraction inside and outside the half mass radius.
The effect of common-envelope evolution on the visible population of post-common-envelope binaries

Context. An important ingredient in binary evolution is the common-envelope (CE) phase. Although this phase is believed to be responsible for the formation of many close binaries, the process is not well understood. Aims. We investigate the characteristics of the population of pos t-common-envelope binaries (PCEB). As the evolution of these binaries and their stellar components are relatively simpl e, this population can be directly used to constraint CE evolution. Methods. We use the binary population synthesis code SeBa to simulate the current-day population of PCEBs in the Galaxy. We incorporate the selection effects in our model that are inherent to the general PCEB population and that are specific to the SDSS survey, which enables a direct comparison for the first time b etween the synthetic and observed population of visible PCEBs. Results. We find that selection e ffects do not play a significant role on the period distribution of visible PCEBs. To explain the observed dearth of long-period systems, the �-CE effi ciency of the main evolutionary channel must be low. In the main channel, the CE is initiated by a red giant as it fills its Roche lobe in a dyna mically unstable way. Other evolutionary paths cannot be constrained more. Additionally our model reproduces well the observed space density, the fraction of visible PCEBs amongst white dwarf (WD)main sequence (MS) binaries, and the WD mass versus MS mass distribution, but overestimates the fraction of PCEBs with helium WD companions.
The effect of yellow lupine meal and extracted rapeseed meal on carcass composition and some characteristics of meat quality of 7-week-old ducks of strain A44.

B. WITAK, J. GORSKI, A. GORSKA Department of Poultry Breeding, University of Podlasie, B. Prus Street, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland, e-mail: bwitak@ap.siedlce. pl Department of Cattle Breeding and Milk Quality, University of Podlasie, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland ___________________________________________________________________________ Ducks of the A44 strain were assigned to four groups. Birds of the experimental groups were fed with mixtures, in which the extracted soybean meal was substituted with yellow lupine meal: 2.5% (II group), 5% (III group) and 10% (IV group) in the first period of rearing and 7.5%; 10% and 15% in the second period, respectively. All the mixtures also contained 5% of extracted rapeseed meal. Introduction of yellow lupine meal and extracted rapeseed meal into mixtures did not considerably worsen the carcass musculature, fatness and dressing percentage in ducks at the age of 7 weeks of rearing. 7-week-old ducks fed with mixtures containing yellow lupine meal and extracted rapeseed meal had a tendency to increase thigh and drumstick musculature. Duck meat did not prove the traits of PSE or DFD type, although ducks of the experimental groups, in comparison with the control group, had significantly lower pH24 of thigh and drumstick muscles at the age of 7 weeks of life. Meat colour was similar in all groups. The results showed that in feed mixtures for meat ducks there was a possibility of substitution of extracted soybean meal with 2.5/7.5; 5/10 or 10/15% of yellow lupine meal and 5/5% of extracted rapeseed meal in the first and second period of rearing, respectively.
Malt, Hops, and a New Demographic: A Study of the Forces Behind the Craft Brew Revolution

This paper examines factors associated with the recent rise in demand for craft beer, referred to by many as the “Craft Brew Revolution”. Using data for the number of brewery permits issued in each state by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), I look at demographic characteristics associated with areas that have seen an increase in demand for craft beer. The paper also focuses on the influence the Internet has had on changes in demand within the beer industry, by analyzing the correlation between the number of breweries and online search behavior collected through Google Trends. Results from the study suggest that the exponential increase in the number of breweries in the United States since 2009 is the result of craft beer’s ability to appeal to both millennials and consumers with higher levels of income. The implications of these findings are not exclusive to the beer industry, and shed light on a change in demand toward more local and specialized products taking place across many markets, especially within the food industry. Forces Behind the Craft Brew Revolution 2
Abdominal incisional hernia: retrospective study

Background: Incisional hernia presents as herniation or protrusion occurring along a prior abdominal scar. It is a known complication of abdominal surgery. They are the second most common type of hernia after inguinal hernias. This study was undertaken to study the incidence and various risk factors leading to incisional hernia.Methods: It is a retrospective study done in Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal; Department of Surgery during January 2017 to January 2018. All the cases were analyzed in various aspects like age, sex, relative incidence, clinical presentation, nature of previous operation, site of previous scar, precipitating factors like obesity, wound infection, abdominal distension.Results: The incidence is around 18.5%. Patients in the age group of 30-50 years found to have highest incidence of incisional hernia. Females outnumbered the males with the ratio of 6:1. Incisional hernia was more common in patients with previous history of gynecological operation. Most of the patients presented with incisional hernia in the infra umbilical region.Conclusions: Incisional hernias can be prevented by avoidance of midline incisions, especially in the infra umbilical region. Mesh repair results in less post-operative complications provided drains are used.
Pusino, Vincenzo and Strain, Michael J. and Sorel, Marc (2014) Passive mode-locking in semiconductor lasers with saturable absorbers

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Reproductive biology of spiny lobster Panulirus regius from the north-western Cape Verde Islands

Green (spiny) lobsters Panulirus regius were obtained by diving at Cape Verde, West Africa, during three sampling periods: May–November 2001, April–December 2002 and April–June 2003. Totals of 429 male lobsters and 423 females (852 in all) were caught. Half the females were ovigerous throughout the sampling periods. Female estimated size-at-50% maturity was 87.9mm carapace length (CL). Brood size and egg developmental stage were examined in 68 ovigerous females. The relationship between brood size (BS, thousands of eggs) and CL (mm) was BS = 1.59CL2. 77. Females in the size-class 100–105mm and 115–120mm CL produced half the eggs in the population. Based on these results, an increase in the minimum landing size is proposed. The potential implementation of a maximum landing size is discussed.
Reconnection rates and X line motion at the magnetopause: Global 2D‐3V hybrid‐Vlasov simulation results

We present results from a first study of the local reconnection rate and reconnection site motion in a 2D‐3V global magnetospheric self‐consistent hybrid‐Vlasov simulation with due southward interplanetary magnetic field. We observe magnetic reconnection at multiple locations at the dayside magnetopause and the existence of magnetic islands, which are the 2‐D representations of flux transfer events. The reconnection locations (the X lines) propagate over significant distances along the magnetopause, and reconnection does not reach a steady state. We calculate the reconnection rate at the location of the X lines and find a good correlation with an analytical model of local 2‐D asymmetric reconnection. We find that despite the solar wind conditions being constant, the reconnection rate and location of the X lines are highly variable. These variations are caused by magnetosheath fluctuations, the effects of neighboring X lines, and the motion of passing magnetic islands.
Resolving the mid-infrared cores of local Seyferts

We present new photometry of 16 local Seyferts including 6 Compton-thick sources in N -band filters around 12- μ m, obtained with the VISIR instrument on the 8-m Very Large Telescope. The near-diffraction-limited imaging provides the least-contaminated core fluxes for these sources to date. Augmenting these with our previous observations and with published intrinsic X-ray fluxes, we form a total sample of 42 sources for which we find a strong mid-infrared:X-ray (12.3 μ m:2–10 keV) luminosity correlation. Performing a physically-motivated subselection of sources in which the Seyfert torus is likely to be best-resolved results in the correlation L MIR $\propto$ L X $^{1.11\pm 0.07}$, with a reduction of the scatter in luminosities as compared to the full sample. Consideration of systematics suggests a range of 1.02–1.21 for the correlation slope. The mean 2-keV:12.3- μ m spectral index ($\alpha_{\rm IX}$) is found to be -1.10$\;\pm\;$0.01, largely independent of luminosity. Indirectly-computed 12- μ m bolometric corrections range over ≈ 10–30 if a known luminosity trend of X-ray bolometric corrections is assumed. Comparison with ISO data spanning a wider luminosity range suggests that our correlation can be extended into the quasar regime. That unobscured, obscured, and Compton-thick sources all closely follow the same luminosity correlation has important implications for the structures of Seyfert cores. The typical resolution-limit of our imaging corresponds to ~70 pc at a median $z=0.01$, and we use the tightness of the correlation to place constraints on the dominance of any residual emission sources within these physical scales. An upper-limit for any contaminating star formation of ≈ 40% of the unresolved flux is inferred, on average. We suggest that uncontaminated mid-IR continuum imaging of AGN is an accurate proxy for their intrinsic power.
Surface structures, stabilities, and growth of magnesian calcites: A computational investigation from the perspective of dolomite formation

Atomistic computer modeling methods are used to investigate the surface structures and stabilities of magnesite MgCO3 and dolomite MgCa(CO3)(2) in comparison with calcite, CaCO3. The surfaces are generally more stable than magnesite, but less so than calcite. Upon hydration, the magnesite {10 (1) over bar4} surface becomes more stable than either calcite or dolomite, due to the less favorable interactions between dolomite surface ions and adsorbing water molecules. The high affinity of the surface magnesium ions for adsorbing water molecules, shown by the large average hydration energy overall surfaces for magnesite (134 kJ/mol), is negated in the case of dolomite by the inaccessibility of the surface magnesium ions, due to surface relaxations and rotation of the carbonate groups. In addition, the larger lattice spacing of dolomite compared to magnesite disrupts the extensive network of hydrogen bonding between the adsorbed water molecules that are present on the latter, leading to similar average hydration energies for calcite, dolomite, and magnesian calcite surfaces (80-101 kJ/mol). Not only are the dolomite planes under aqueous conditions less stable than their calcite counterparts, dolomite-like surfaces of disordered magnesian calcites are calculated to be more stable than either pure calcite or dolomite surfaces. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations of the growth of CaCO3 and MgCO3 at two experimentally observed calcite steps show that, on thermodynamic grounds, Mg is easily incorporated into a growing calcite crystal, but will then inhibit incorporation of further Ca. Furthermore, although the calculations suggest a small energetic advantage (similar to10 kJ/mol) to ordering of the Ca and Mg ions on the obtuse growth step, a disordered arrangement is favored at the acute growth step and incorporation of Mg is always energetically more favorable than Ca, in accord with the occurrence of highly magnesian calcites in nature.
On the Control of the Residual Circulation and Stratospheric Temperatures in the Arctic by Planetary Wave Coupling

AbstractIt is well established that interannual variability of eddy (meridional) heat flux near the tropopause controls the variability of Arctic lower-stratospheric temperatures during spring via a modification of the strength of the residual circulation. While most studies focus on the role of anomalous heat flux values, here the impact of total (climatology plus anomaly) negative heat flux events on the Arctic stratosphere is investigated. Utilizing the Interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) dataset, it is found that total negative heat flux events coincide with a transient reversal of the residual circulation and cooling of the Arctic lower stratosphere. The negative events weaken the seasonally averaged adiabatic warming.The analysis provides a new interpretation of the winters of 1997 and 2011, which are known to have the lowest March Arctic lower-stratospheric temperatures in the satellite era. While most winters involve positive and negative heat flux extremes, the winters of 1997 and 2011 are un.
New constraints for site-effect characterization from seismic noise analysis in southern Italy. San Fele case study

In the framework of ground-motion amplification analysis for southern Italy, the main target of this study is to provide new constraints on one-dimensional, shallow-velocity profiles for a site in the San Fele area near the city of Potenza (southern Italy) where a permanent Irpinia Seismic Network (ISNet) seismic station is installed. Ambient noise vibrations were recorded during a seismic survey in San Fele, and the data acquired were used to define the shallow shear-wave velocity profiles and thicknesses of the shallow soil layers, through analysis of the dispersion characteristics of the surface waves. Single station and array techniques were used to obtain robust results, which show relatively flat curves of the H/V spectral ratios and variations in shear-wave velocities confined to the first 50 m in depth. On the basis of these results for the San Fele site, the present study aims to delineate a standard procedure that can be systematically applied to all of the other ISNet stations to improve site characterization. This will allow more accurate evaluation of peak ground-motion quantities (e.g. peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity) at rock sites for use in shake-map analysis.
The concept of structural economic vulnerability and its relevance for the identification of the Least Developed Countries and other purposes (Nature, measurement, and evolution)

Patrick Guillaumont is President of the Fondation pour les Etudes et Recherches sur le Developpement International (FERDI). He is also a former member of the Committee for Development Policy. Comments can be emailed to the author: P.Guillaumont@ferdi.fr An earlier version of this document has been published as a policy brief by FERDI, available at http://www.ferdi.fr/uploads/sfCmsContent/html/111/B19-Guillaumont.pdf Background