Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attenuation of MicroRNA‐22 derepressed PTEN to effectively protect rat cardiomyocytes from hypertrophy

Cardiac hypertrophy, which is characterized by the enlargement of cell size, reactivation of fetal genes, remains one of the most important triggers to heart failure. Increasing evidence shows that microRNA (miRNA) is extensively involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. But the effects of miRNAs on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy have not been completely solved yet. Here, we showed that a collection of miRNAs was aberrantly expressed in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes induced by phenylephrine (PE) or angiotensin II (Ang II). Among them, miR‐22 was the most strikingly up‐regulated miRNA. To investigate the role of miR‐22 in hypertrophy, both over‐expression and knock‐down assays were performed on cardiomyocytes. The results showed that up‐regulation of miR‐22 significantly increased the cell size and markedly influenced the expression of hypertrophic markers, including induction of nppa and reduction of myh6. In contrast, reduction of miR‐22 level attenuated either PE‐ or Ang II‐induced hypertrophic reaction. Furthermore, several genes, including PTEN, were identified as potential targets of miR‐22 by bioinformatic algorithms. Using luciferase analysis, miR‐22 could significantly suppress the luciferase activity of reporter fused with 3′ untranslated region of PTEN mRNA. Furthermore, up‐regulation of miR‐22 could suppress the protein level of PTEN and reduction of miR‐22 level markedly increased the protein level of PTEN in cardiomyocytes by Western blot analysis, suggesting that the contribution of miR‐22 to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy may be partially through targeting PTEN. Taken together, miRNAs were dynamically regulated in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and attenuation of miR‐22 in rat cardiomyocytes efficiently protected from hypertrophic effects through derepressing PTEN. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 1391–1398, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Activation of the p53 pathway induces α‐smooth muscle actin expression in both myeloid leukemic cells and normal macrophages

A range of cell types of mesenchymal origin express α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), a protein that plays a key role in controlling cell motility and differentiation along the fibrocyte and myofibroblast lineages. Although α‐SMA is often expressed in stromal cells associated to a variety of cancers including hematological malignancies, up to now the role of anti‐cancer drugs on α‐SMA has not been deeply investigated. In this study, we demonstrated that Nutlin‐3, the small molecule inhibitor of the MDM2/p53 interactions, significantly up‐regulated the mRNA and protein levels of α‐SMA in normal macrophages as well as in p53wild‐type but not in p53mutated/null myeloid leukemic cells. The p53‐dependence of α‐SMA up‐regulation induced by Nutlin‐3 was demonstrated in experiments performed with siRNA for p53. Of note, Nutlin‐3 mediated up‐regulation of α‐SMA in OCI leukemic cells was accompanied by cell adhesion to plastic substrate and by reduced cell migratory response in transwell assays. Notably, the role of α‐SMA induction in the modulation of myeloid cell migration was clearly documented in α‐SMA gene knockdown experiments. In addition, Nutlin‐3 significantly up‐regulated α‐SMA expression in primary endothelial cells, but not in fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Conversely, transforming growth factor‐β1 up‐regulated α‐SMA in fibroblasts and MSC, but not in macrophages and endothelial cells. Taken together, these data indicate that Nutlin‐3 is a potent inducer of α‐SMA in both normal and leukemic myeloid cells as well as in endothelial cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 1829–1837, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The New ACGME Competencies and the Teaching Hospital Library

Abstract In 1999, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) endorsed new ACGME general competencies for residents and residency programs based on the ACGME Outcome Project. Upon review of the new general competencies by the library and research directors at Easton Hospital, it was discovered that many of the existing interactions between the library and the residency programs at Easton Hospital already assisted the residency program directors with meeting many of the new competencies. This author details the hospital library response to the challenge of the ACGME competencies and how the library and research curricula were modified to further support the competencies.
Use of Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale for Evaluation of Facial Scars Treated With Self-Drying Silicone Gel

In this prospective study, we used the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) to evaluate the outcome of the healing process of posttraumatic and surgical facial scars that were treated with self-drying silicone gel, by both the patient and the observer. In our division, the application of base cream and massage represents the standard management of facial scars after suture removal. In the current study, 15 patients (7 men and 8 women) with facial scars were treated with self-drying silicone gel that was applied without massage, and 15 patients (8 men and 7 women) were treated with base cream and massage. Both groups underwent a clinical evaluation of facial scars by POSAS at the time of suture removal (T0) and after 2 months of treatment (T1). The patient rated scar pain, itch, color, stiffness, thickness, and surface (Patient Scale), and the observer rated scar vascularity, pigmentation, thickness, relief, pliability, and surface area (Observer Scale [OS]). The Patient Scale reported the greatest improvement in the items color, stiffness, and thickness. Itch was the only item that worsened in the group self-drying silicone gel. The OS primarily reported an improvement in the items vascularization, pigmentation, and pliability. The only item in the OS that underwent no change from T0 to T1 was surface area. The POSAS revealed satisfactory healing of posttraumatic and surgical facial scars that were treated with self-drying silicone gel.
Effect of Indoor Mold Concentrations on Daily Symptom Severity of Children with Asthma and/or Rhinitis Monosensitized to Molds

Little is known about the contribution of indoor molds to the symptoms of asthma and/or rhinitis in children monosensitized to molds. We aimed to investigate the effect of indoor mold spore concentrations on daily symptoms of asthma and/or rhinitis in children monosensitized to molds. Nineteen children with asthma and/or rhinitis sensitized only to molds recorded their daily symptoms and peak expiratory flow (PEF) values to the diaries, from February 2005 to January 2006. In this study period, indoor mold concentrations were measured monthly from the living rooms/bedrooms. The median indoor mold concentration was 37.5 CFU/m3. Most commonly recovered indoor molds were Cladosporium (26.4%), Penicillium (24.7%), and Aspergillus (7%). Significant correlation was not found between indoor mold concentrations and daily rhinitis score (r = −0.021, p = 0.932), daily asthma score (r = 0.155, p = 0.554), daily morning PEF (r = −0.056, p = 0.475), and evening PEF (r = −0.057, p = 0.471). The effect of indoor molds is not evident on the symptoms of our patients with asthma and/or rhinitis monosensitized to molds.
Treatment of Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage Through Keyhole Transsylvian Approach

The present study investigated the therapeutic effects and indications of keyhole transsylvian approach (KTA) in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH). Clinical data of 65 cases of HICH were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were treated by open surgical evacuation either through KTA (KTA group) or through conventional craniotomy approach (CCA group). The operative time, intraoperative bleeding quantity, the length of hospitalization, mortality, and favorable outcome were compared between the 2 groups. Compared with the CCA group, the KTA group had smaller bleeding quantity and shorter length of hospitalization. Favorable outcome at 3 months after admission was higher in the KTA group than that in the CCA group. The present study suggests that treatment of HICH through KTA is a practical and effective surgical procedure.
Management of Orbital Subperiosteal Abscess

Objective: To discuss the role of surgical intervention in subperiosteal orbital abscess (SPOA) using a retrospective medical chart review. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective medical chart review of subjects who were diagnosed and surgically treated for SPOA between 2002 and 2009. Results: Ten patients were identified (8 males and 2 females). All SPOAs were unilateral. Of 10 SPOAs, 7 were on the left and 3 were on the right. Six of these were medially located abscesses, whereas 4 were superior abscesses. Of the 6 medially located abscesses, 4 were treated with transnasal endoscopy (TNE). External (E) drainage was needed in 2 of the medially located abscesses. In one of these abscesses, the surgeon was forced to drain the abscess with TNE and turned to E drainage. In the other, TNE was performed first. Despite medical therapy and TNE, patients' orbital symptoms did not resolve. A second operation was performed with E drainage. Four of the superiorly based SPOAs were treated with combined E-TNE approach. Conclusions: External drainage of the SPOA is needed on 6 (60%) of the patients in this study. Superiorly located abscesses were initially treated with E drainage, and then functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed to treat the affected sinuses. Transnasal endoscopic management failed in 2 patients, hence E drainage was needed. The characteristics of the patients are presented and discussed in view of a surgical approach.
Atrophic Jaw Reconstruction by Means of Calvarial Bone Graft: Long-Term Results

The aim of this work was to investigate the immunohistochemical and histologic patterns occurring in samples obtained from sites reconstructed with calvarial bone graft, 4 months (T1) and 10 years (T2) after grafting, in comparison to those observed in samples from the calvaria taken from the donor sites at the moment of withdrawal for the grafting (T0). Samples underwent immunohistochemical analysis for bone sialoprotein, matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9, vascular endothelial growth factor, and Bax expressions; terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling analysis to evaluate the number of apoptotic samples; and morphologic evaluation after hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression levels of all the investigated molecules, such as the apoptotic cells' count, showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in T1 samples, that is, 4 months after grafting, although their expression levels recorded after 10 years seemed to be comparable to those in the native bone. Moreover, at observation under the light microscope, T1 samples showed a nonuniform morphology, with mineralized areas surrounded by connective tissues where blood vessels could be distinguished. On the other hand, T0 and T2 samples showed a similar aspect, characterized by uniform areas of mineralized extracellular matrix with cavities containing osteocytes. These data suggest that, after approximately 4 months, it is possible to highlight stronger remodeling phenomena, accompanied by new bone formation and new blood vessel proliferation, which are necessary to the host tissue for graft integration. On the contrary, these phenomena could not be observed in samples obtained after a long period (T2), which reveal a morphologic and an immunohistochemical pattern comparable to that recorded in calvarial native bone (T0).
Distal‐less homeobox 5 inhibits adipogenic differentiation through the down‐regulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ expression

Distal‐less homeobox 5 (Dlx5) is a positive regulator of osteoblast differentiation that contains a homeobox domain. Because there are possible reciprocal relationships between osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), we examined the regulatory role of Dlx5 in adipogenic differentiation in this study. Adipogenic stimuli suppressed the expression levels of Dlx5 mRNA in mouse bone marrow stromal cells. Over‐expression of Dlx5 inhibited adipogenic differentiation in human bone marrow MSCs and 3T3‐L1 preadipocytic cells whereas knockdown of Dlx5 enhanced adipogenic differentiation in 3T3‐L1 cells. Over‐expression of Dlx5 suppressed the expression of adipogenic marker genes, including CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Dlx5‐mediated suppression of adipogenic differentiation was overcome by over‐expression of PPARγ but not by that of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) or C/EBPα. Dlx5 decreased the transcriptional activity of CREB and C/EBPα in a dose‐dependent manner. Dlx5 directly bound to CREB and C/EBPα and prevented them from binding to and subsequently transactivating the PPARγ promoter. These results suggest that Dlx5 plays an important regulatory role in fate determination of bone marrow MSCs toward the osteoblast lineage through the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation as well as the direct stimulation of osteoblast differentiation. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 87–98, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A nurse‐led interdisciplinary approach to promote self‐management of type 2 diabetes: a process evaluation of post‐intervention experiences

RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Self-management of type 2 diabetes through diet, exercise and for many medications, are vital in achieving and maintaining glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes. A number of interventions have been designed to improve self-management, but the outcomes of these are rarely explored from a qualitative angle and even fewer through a process evaluation. METHOD A process evaluation was conducted using a qualitative design with participants randomized to an intervention. Seventy-three people living with type 2 diabetes and hyperglycaemia for a minimum of 1 year, randomized to one of two interventions (n = 34 to an education intervention and n = 39 to an education and acceptance and commitment therapy intervention) completed stage one of the process evaluation, immediately following the intervention through written feedback guided by open-ended questions. A purposive sample of 27 participants completed semi-structured interviews at 3 and 6 months post intervention. Interview data were transcribed and data analysed using a thematic analysis. RESULTS The majority of participants described an increase in knowledge around diabetes self-management and an increased sense of personal responsibility. Participants also described changes in self-management activities and reflected on the challenges in instigating and maintaining change to improve diabetes management. CONCLUSION The complexities of implementing change in daily life to improve glycaemic control indicate the need for ongoing support post intervention, which may increase and maintain the effectiveness of the intervention.
Periodization of Training for Team Sports Athletes

summary Training variation and periodization is widely acknowledged as crucial to optimizing training responses. Applying periodized planning to team sports poses unique challenges due to the variety of training goals, volume of concurrent training and practices, and extended season of competition. Practical suggestions are offered in this article to address these considerations and apply periodization in training design for different phases of physical preparation for team sports athletes.
Co‐expression of CD133+/CD44+ in human colon cancer and liver metastasis

Although relatively good therapeutic results are achieved in non‐advanced cancer, the prognosis of the advanced colon cancer still remains poor, dependent on local or distant recurrence of the disease. One of the factors responsible for recurrence is supposed to be cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor‐initiating cells, which are a population of cancer cells with ability to perpetuate themselves through self‐renewal and to generate differentiated cells, thought to be responsible for tumor recurrence. This study globally approach the possible role of tissue‐derived stem cells in the initiation of colon cancer and its metastatic process in the liver. Fresh surgical specimens from colon cancer, non‐tumor tissue and liver metastasis were obtained directly from the operating room, examined, and immediately processed. CSCs were selected under serum‐free conditions and characterized by CD44 and CD133 expression levels. CD133+/CD44+ cell populations were then investigated in paraffin‐embedded tissues and circulating tumor cells isolated from peripheral blood of the same group of colon cancer patients. Our data demonstrate that metastatic properties of cell populations from blood and liver metastasis, differently from primitive tumors, seem to be strictly related to the phenotype CD133 positive and CD44 positive. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 408–415, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of pulse voltage on inkjet printing of a silver nanopowder suspension

Inkjet printing of a liquid suspension prepared by dispersing silver powders of size around 4 nm in deionized (DI) water at 30 wt% was investigated in this study. By comparing with the results of pure DI water, the effects of nanoparticles on droplet formation between the nozzle and the substrate were also studied. A bipolar pulse waveform was employed in driving the piezoelectric printhead with pulse voltage set as the primary variable of this study. Observations showed that a higher driving pulse voltage was required for the silver suspension to form droplets than DI water. The liquid column broke up at the nozzle orifice for DI water while the silver suspension broke up further away below the nozzle office. It was also observed that the droplet size of the silver suspension was smaller than that of DI water. For the silver suspension the liquid column formed was thinner and longer and the pinch-off time of the liquid column to form droplets was also longer. However, the characteristic adjustment time for droplet recombination was shorter for the silver suspension than for DI water.
Convex and concave nanodots and lines induced on HOPG surfaces by AFM voltages in ambient air

Convex and concave nanodots were created on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) in ambient air by applying a voltage pulse between a metal-coated atomic force microscope (AFM) tip and the sample surface. Using a linear scan with a positive substrate bias, nanoscale lines were also etched on the HOPG surface. Depending on the amplitude and duration of the voltage pulse, the nanostructures are either convex or concave. The depth of the concave structure sharply increased with the amplitude and duration of the voltage pulse, while the height of the convexity stayed at a low level and varied in a small range with the voltage lower than a threshold value. Under negative substrate bias or in a vacuum, no change occurred on the HOPG surface in the experimental range. The formation of the nanostructures can be ascribed to the primary dissociative adsorption of water and oxygen in air induced by the intensive hole concentration and the subsequent defect-assisted oxidation of graphite.
Pre‐eclampsia and anti‐phospholipid antibody

stage and we look forward to seeing the completed study published in due course. Although there are methodological problems with published material, we think it is generally accepted that induced abortion does not usually cause major psychiatric or psychological problems in previously normal women. One of the difficulties lies in the definitions used, and this, assuming thc populations of women in Aberdeen and London are not substantially diffcrent, must acFount for the difference in the incidence of problems between the two studies. I think most clinicians would be astonished to learn that 65% of women seeking termination were psychiatrically ill, although they would acknowledge that the majority of women were distressed by their predicament and deeply concerned about the abortion. The point of our study was to show that women were no more distressed by medical abortion than by surgery, and it does seem that Dr Zolese’s work might support this general conclusion. However, one of the main methodological problems with our study (freely admitted in the paper), and also it seems with the London study, is that the women were not randomly allocated to the abortion method. We have now addressed this particular difficulty in a large scale study, using a Brewin-Bradley type design, in which we have assessed the efficacy, acceptability and sequelae of medically induced abortion. Allan Templeton Richard He-nshaw Rennie Urquhart Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Aberdeen Foresterhill A berdeen completed) undergoing medical termination, 65-7”/0 were psychiatric cases at presentation and 31.5% were still psychiatrically ill after a mean follow-up time of threc weeks (McNemar’s U = 2.4, P = 0:02). ‘-. These figures are much higher than those found by Urquhart & Templeton.and this might be due to the fact that their subjects were only assessed by a modified questionnaire. Whereas termination appears to be indeed ‘therapeutic’ as indicated by the drop in psychiatric morbidity before and after either procedure, the number of women who remain distressed following the termination is certainly higher than 10%. G . zolese Research Fellow Medical College of St Bartholomew’s Hospital West Smithfield London EClA 7BE
Chronic exposure to stress hormones alters the subtype of store‐operated channels expressed in H19‐7 hippocampal neuronal cells

Differentiating H19‐7 hippocampal precursor cells up‐regulate (∼4.3‐fold) store‐operated channel (SOC) activity; relatively linear current‐voltage curves indicate an ISOC subtype of SOC. In differentiated H19‐7 neurons, the majority of agonist (arginine vasopressin, AVP)‐stimulated Ca2+ entry occurs via SOCs, based on 2‐aminoethyldiphenylborinate (2‐APB) inhibition data and the observation that transient receptor potential C1 (TRPC1) channel knock down cells show a dramatic reduction of thapsigargin‐stimulated store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and inhibition of AVP‐stimulated Ca2+ entry. Treatment of H19‐7 cells with the rat stress hormone corticosterone during differentiation induces a significant increase in AVP‐stimulated Ca2+ entry, which is virtually eliminated by 2‐APB, suggesting a corticosterone‐induced increase of SOCE. Corticosterone also enhances AVP‐stimulated Mn2+ entry, confirming an elevated Ca2+ entry pathway, rather than a decreased Ca2+ extrusion. When corticosterone addition is delayed until after H19‐7 cells have fully differentiated, it still elevates SOCE. In corticosterone‐treated H19‐7 cells, the knock down of TRPC1 no longer blocks thapsigargin‐stimulated Ca2+ entry suggesting that the subtype of SOCs expressed in H19‐7 cells is altered by corticosterone treatment. Electrophysiological studies demonstrate that store‐operated currents in corticosterone‐treated H19‐7 cells exhibit a highly inward rectifying current‐voltage curve consistent with an ICRAC subtype of SOCs. Consistent with this finding is the observation that corticosterone treatment of H19‐7 cells increases the expression of the ICRAC channel subunit Orai1. Thus, the subtype of SOCs expressed in H19‐7 hippocampal neurons can be altered from ISOC to ICRAC by chronic treatment with stress hormones. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1332–1343, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.