Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of The Studies On Misconceptions In Turkey In Terms Of The Concept Components / Türkiye’deki Kavram Yanılgıları İle İlgili Araştırmaların Kavramın İçerik Ögeleri Açısından İncelenmesi

Bu calismanin amaci, Turkiye’deki kavram yanilgilari ile ilgili calismalarin tartisma, sonuc ve oneriler bolumunun kavramin icerik ogeleri acisindan incelenmesidir. Arastirma, dokuman incelemesi yontemi kullanilarak yapilan nitel bir calismadir. Arastirmada kavram yanilgilari ile ilgili fen egitimi, matematik egitimi ve sosyal bilgiler egitimi alanindan olcut ornekleme yontemine gore secilen toplam 241 calisma incelenmistir. Dokuman analizi teknigi ile toplanan veriler, icerik analizi teknigi kullanilarak cozumlenmistir. Bu arastirma sonucunda, arastirmacilarin arastirmalarinda ulastiklari sonuclari ve onerilerini ortaya koyarken, kavramin icerik ogelerine cok az yer verdikleri gorulmustur. Arastirma raporlarinda kavramin icerik ogelerine yer vermis olan arastirmacilarin ise en cok tanim, ozellikler ve orneklerle ilgili belirlemeler yaptiklari ve en cok orneklerle ilgili onerileri ifade ettikleri saptanmistir. Arastirmacilarin en az uzerinde durduklari oge ise kavram adi ve kavram hiyerarsisi olmustur. Arastirmalarda ortaya konulan sonuclarin kavram ogretimi ile ilgili uretilen kuramsal bilgilerle desteklenmeden tartisildigi ve yapilan onerilerin kavramin icerik ogelerinin etkili ogretiminden cok farkli yontem, teknik ve materyallerin kullanilmasi uzerinde yogunlastigi saptanmistir. Sonuc olarak, kavram yanilgilari ile ilgili arastirma sonuclarindan ve onerilerinden kavram ogretimi ile ilgilenen tasarimcilarin, ogretmenlerin, ders kitabi yazarlarinin ve program gelistirme uzmanlarinin yararlanabilmesi amaciyla, ilgili konu alani uzmanlarinin, arastirmalarinda incelenen kavramin analizini yaparak kavramin icerik ogelerine daha acik yer vermeleri onerilebilir.
Digital Image Quality Assessment Based on Standard Normal Deviation

We propose a new method that specifies objective image quality factors by evaluating an image quality measurement model using random images. In other words, No-Reference variables are used to evaluate the quality of an original image without using any reference for comparison. 1000 portrait images were collected from a web gallery with votes constituting over 30 recommendation values. The bottom-up data collecting process was used to calculate the following image quality factors: total range, average, standard deviation, normalized distribution, z-score, preference percentage. A final grade is awarded out of 100 points, and this method ranks and grades the final estimated image quality preference in terms of total image quality factors. The results of the proposed image quality evaluation model consist of the specific dynamic range, skin tone R, G, B, L, A, B, and RSC contrast. We can present the total for the expected preference points as the average of the objective image qualities. Our proposed image quality evaluation model can measure the preferences for an actual image using a statistical analysis. The results indicate that this is a practical image quality measurement model that can extract a subject"s preferred image quality.
Impact of educational intervention on awareness of breast cancer among female students of Government College of Nursing, Nagpur

Background: The nurses have a major influence on the behavior of our women, they need to be knowledgeable themselves about breast cancer risk factors and the importance of early detection through screening, thereby improving a chance of longer life for the patient. The need of the hour is to create awareness about breast cancer for early management of this disease.Methods: The present pre-post test study was carried out among female students in a Government College of Nursing in Nagpur to assess the impact of educational intervention on awareness of breast cancer using a predesigned self-administered questionnaire.Results: The overall knowledge about risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment modalities of breast cancer of significantly increased from pre test to post test.Conclusions: The impact of intervention shows significant increase in knowledge of breast cancer.
Capillaroscopy in vasculitis

A prospective study of the capillaroscopy changes in 15 patients afflicted with vasculitis is presented. 2 of them had classic polyarteritis nodos (PAN), 3 had Churg-Strauss allergic angiitis and granulomatosis, 2 had hypersensitivity vasculitis (HV), 6 had giant-cell arteritis (GCA) and 2 had polyangiitis overlap syndrome (POS). Periungual capillaroscopy (PC) showed isolated changes in 11 patients (73%). We observed more changes in those cases with active disease (83% vs. 67%); they were mainly microhemorrhage (without any statistical significance). There were no more findings in patients with a more generalised affliction (nervous system, kidneys and/or skin) than in the others. In conclusion, the capillaroscopy findings were few and non-specific. PC is a diagnostic method of negligible value in this type of disease.
Direct search algorithms for optimization calculations

Many different procedures have been proposed for optimization calculations when first derivatives are not available. Further, several researchers have contributed to the subject, including some who wish to prove convergence theorems, and some who wish to make any reduction in the least calculated value of the objective function. There is not even a key idea that can be used as a foundation of a review, except for the problem itself, which is the adjustment of variables so that a function becomes least, where each value of the function is returned by a subroutine for each trial vector of variables. Therefore the paper is a collection of essays on particular strategies and algorithms, in order to consider the advantages, limitations and theory of several techniques. The subjects addressed are line search methods, the restriction of vectors of variables to discrete grids, the use of geometric simplices, conjugate direction procedures, trust region algorithms that form linear or quadratic approximations to the objective function, and simulated annealing. We study the main features of the methods themselves, instead of providing a catalogue of references to published work, because an understanding of these features may be very helpful to future research.
Intracranial EEG Recording from Intravascular Electrodes in Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Purpose: As part of a presurgical extracranial study, we performed intracranial electroencephalographic (EEG) recording by using micro‐guidewires as active intravascular electrodes in two patients with temporal lobe epilepsy in combination with the Wada test. In one case, there was good agreement among information derived from the non‐invasive assessments, such as ictal semiology, interictal and ictal data from long‐term EEG and video monitoring, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) findings, and neuropsychological studies, that consistently pointed to one temporal lobe as the epileptogenic region. The other case showed no definite information about the laterality of the epileptogenic region. The interictal scalp EEG for the two cases showed independent, bilateral, anterior to midtemporal spike foci. The ictal EEGs with sphenoidal electrodes showed no apparent changes initially and during simple partial seizures.
Computer-based probabilistic-network construction

Faced with increasing amounts of data that they cannot analyze manually, biomedical researchers have turned increasingly to computational methods for exploring large databases. In particular, researchers might benefit from a nonparametric, efficient, computer-based method for determining the important associations among variables in a domain, particularly when human expertise is not readily available. In this dissertation, I demonstrate that such computer-based algorithms are conceptually feasible, robust to noise, computationally efficient, theoretically sound, and that they generate models that can classify new cases accurately. I first describe two algorithms that take as input a database of cases and optional user-supplied prior knowledge, and that generate a probabilistic network--in particular, a belief network--as output. The database may have incomplete data, and may contain noise. The resulting belief network may be used to determine important associations among variables in a poorly understood domain, or may be used as a classifier for new cases that were not used in learning. After describing the algorithms, I present simple examples of how these programs generate a belief network from a database. I then present the results of evaluating these algorithms on databases from several domains, including gynecologic pathology, lymph-node pathology, DNA-sequence analysis, and poisonous-mushroom classification. In most cases, the belief networks classify new test cases with high accuracy. In addition to discussing empirical results, I present an overview of proofs that these algorithms are based on metrics that will, as the number of cases in the database increases without limit, always prefer those networks that more closely approximate the true underlying distribution of the data in the database; that is, these algorithms are asymptotically correct. I conclude with a discussion of this work's contributions, and with a list of open research problems.
The Relationship between Loneliness and Suicidal Ideation in Private Medical and Dental Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicidal attempts, and loneliness among dental and medical students in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated 607 dental and medical students and interns in private college s in Saudi Arabia. A self-administrated questionnaire was base d on the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale. Suicidal id eation and attempts were measured by a questionnaire adopt ed from previous research. The data was collected a t the end of the year at examination time. Results: The loneliness mean was M= 45.14 (SD 8.66). Among t he participants, 37.7% had experienced suicidal ideati on hroughout their lives, 33.4% had experienced su icidal ideation during the previous 12 months, and 23.2% h ad attempted suicide. Loneliness was significantly re ated with suicidal ideation during the previous 12 month s (p <0.001) and with suicidal attempts (p = 0.005) . The results showed that the following subgroups had hig her risk for suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt s: female, low family income, married, and dental students. Conclusion: The high levels of suicidal ideation and attempts among dental and medical students in the western re gion of Saudi Arabia call for the implementation of professional counselling and health promotion progr ams.
Workplace training practices in the residential aged care sector

The focus of this research is the recognition of skills and training needs of personal care workers in the residential aged care sector of the community services industry. The proportion of those aged over 65 years in the Australian population is growing, creating increased demand in the industry. At the same time, the personal carer workforce is ageing, with a current average age of 50 years. There will be a growing need to train new personal care workers to keep up with industry demand, as well as provide ongoing training to the existing workforce. The research focuses particularly on why we need to train existing personal care workers, what barriers exist to cost-effective recognition and workplace training, and what models or strategies aged care facilities and registered training organisations have developed to improve recognition and workplace training.
Consensus-based Approach for Keyword Extraction from Urban Events Collections

Automatic keyword extraction (AKE) from textual sources took a valuable step towards harnessing the problem of efficient scanning of large document collections. Particularly in the context of urban mobility, where the most relevant events in the city are advertised on-line, it becomes difficult to know exactly what is happening in a place. In this paper we tackle this problem by extracting a set of keywords from different kinds of textual sources, focusing on the urban events context. We propose an ensemble of automatic keyword extraction systems KEA (Key-phrase Extraction Algorithm) and KUSCO (Knowledge Unsupervised Search for instantiating Concepts on lightweight Ontologies) and Conditional Random Fields (CRF). Unlike KEA and KUSCO which are well-known tools for automatic keyword extraction, CRF needs further pre-processing. Therefore, a tool for handling AKE from the documents using CRF is developed. The architecture for the AKE ensemble system is designed and efficient integration of component applications is presented in which a consensus between such classifiers is achieved. Finally, we empirically show that our AKE ensemble system significantly succeeds on baseline sources and urban events collections.
Using a Fit-Viability Approach to Explore the Determinants of E-Government Maturity

ABSTRACT E-Government diffusion is of interest to both researchers and practitioners. The purpose of this study is to investigate electronic government maturity and its determinants. We use the Fit-Viability Framework to assess e-Government Maturity in diverse countries. We empirically test the impact of task-technology fit (TTF) and viability on e-government maturity at the country level. The results of partial least squares (PLS) analysis indicate that TTF characteristics along with a country’s viable resources and level of e-government development have a significant impact on e-government maturity. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Exploring the Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner Role within the Nurse-Patient Interaction: Making Connections to Advanced Practice Nursing Competencies

This project presents an integrative review of sexual assault nursing practice. The sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) role was established to provide a comprehensive multisystem services for women who experience sexual assault (Stermac, Dunlap, & Bainbridge, 2005). Yet little is known about how SANEs negotiate their role in the nurse-patient relationship. This project employs a relational feminist theoretical perspective that informs the position of the nurse in relation to a woman in a single nursepatient encounter. The scope of this project is limited to an adult female patient population. Four major themes emerged in the synthesis: the position of the nurse, the nurse in the process of validation, the nurse as a forensic technician, and balancing the tension between judicial interests and women-centered care. This project draws direct links between the SANE role and advanced practice nursing (APN) competencies. Practice implications, education implications, and areas for future research are drawn out from the themes and examined to enhance current SANE practice. Additionally, Peplau’s (1952) Theory of Interpersonal Relations is used to offer theoretical connections between standards of SANE practice and a larger body of nursing knowledge. The following pages describe various aspects of the SANE role in relation to a nurse-female patient interaction. EXPLORING THE SANE ROLE
Sildenafil and Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors to Reduce Cardiotoxicity and Enhance the Response of Breast Tumor Cells to Doxorubicin

Abstract : In our studies of the interaction between sildenafil and adriamycin in breast tumor cells and cardiomyocytes, we have made the following observations. In breast tumor cells: 1. Sildenafil fails to protect various breast tumor cell lines against the toxicity of adriamycin. 2. Sildenafil moderately enhances the response to adriamycin in breast tumor cells . 3. Sildenafil does not alter the extent of DNA damage induced by adriamycin in breast tumor cells. 4. Adriamycin promotes autophagy in breast tumor cells. 5. Sildenafil appears to increase sensitivity to irradiation in breast tumor cells. In cardiomyocytes: 1. Questions are raised relating to the role of reactive oxygen in the cardiotoxicity of adriamycin. 2. The combination of Herceptin with taxol or adriamycin is relatively toxic in cardiomyocytes. Based on these observations, we propose to further explore the basis for adriamycin cardiotoxicity as well as examining the capacity of sildenafil to protect the heart cells from the combination of Herceptin with Adriamycin and with taxol. We will evaluate the influence of sildenafil on autophagy and senescence in both breast tumor cells and cardiomyocytes. We will pursue the unexpected finding that sildenafil appears to increase sensitivity to radiation in the breast tumor cells by attempting to understand the mechanistic basis for this observation. We will also assess the impact of sildenafil on radiation sensitivity in the cardiomyocyte. These proposed studies are of significance because the heart is known to incur damage during irradiation of the breast during therapy for breast cancer.
Prospective study of renal abnormalities in HIV seropositive patients

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection may lead to renal impairment, however Indian data is limited. The objective of this study was to study clinical, biochemical and radiological spectrum of renal dysfunctions in HIV patients. Methods: Hundred HIV positive patients were studied in Department of Medicine, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior. Detailed history, clinical examination, laboratory investigation (hemoglobin, random blood sugar, CD4 counts, urine analysis (proteinuria, sugar, pus cells, red blood cells), blood urea estimation, serum creatinine and ultrasound of kidneys were done for all the patients. Results: Mean age of the study cohort was 43.09±10.57 years with male predominance. Maximum patients belong to age group of 41-50 years (35%). Majority patients were from urban area (61%), married (86%), belong to low socioeconomic status (91%) and about one third were truck drivers (36%) by profession. Mean CD4 count was 236.14±134.006 whereas, maximum patients had CD4 count of <200 (52%). Most common clinical and radiological finding was edema (18.02% male and 29.41% female) and raised renal echotexture (15.66% male and 5.88% female) respectively. Mean hemoglobin, blood urea, serum creatinine and albumin among male and female were 11.36±11.58, and 9.65±1.90, 53.78±53.99 and 55.03±47.10, 1.33±1.03 and 1.24±0.90, 3.22±0.76 and 3.12±0.69 respectively. Conclusions: Proteinuria, elevated serum creatinine, edema and raised renal echo texture are the early markers of nephropathy in HIV positive patients.
El ayudante lingüístico en los primeros años de la implantación de un programa AICLE y su proyección en el aula de primaria

Este estudio se centra en la participacion de los ayudantes linguisticos (AL en adelante) procedentes de paises de habla inglesa en el programa de colegios publicos bilingues (espanol-ingles) de la Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid en el curso 2007-2008. Este programa AICLE (Aprendizaje Integrado de Contenidos y Lengua Extranjera), se habia implantado por primera vez en el curso 2004-2005, y la inclusion de los AL de manera generalizada en los centros educativos participantes constituyo uno de los principales factores definitorios del mismo desde su inicio. Se trata de un estudio de tipo naturalista, con un enfoque mixto cuantitativo-cualitativo, donde se utilizaron diversos instrumentos de recogida de datos. En primer lugar, se administro un cuestionario a un total de 108 AL para conocer en profundidad la influencia de esta figura en el programa bilingue en general y en los centros educativos en particular. Posteriormente, mediante tres estudios de caso, se describe el impacto de esta figura en el aula AICLE y, en particular, su relacion con el alumnado y profesorado participante en tres centros educativos publicos bilingues de la ciudad de Madrid. Estos centros fueron seleccionados por haber iniciado su andadura en el programa bilingue en el mismo curso academico y estar situados en tres zonas geograficas distintas: uno de ellos en el distrito Centro de la capital, otro en la zona sur (distrito Puente de Vallecas) y un tercero en la zona norte (distrito Chamartin). En cada uno de ellos se observaron y grabaron en audio clases de lengua inglesa y un area disciplinar impartida en ingles, en los niveles educativos de primero y cuarto de primaria, respectivamente.
Investigating the Social Ecological Contexts of Opioid Use Disorder and Poisoning Hospitalizations in Pennsylvania.

OBJECTIVE Opioid use disorder (OUD) and overdose rates have been sharply on the rise in the United States. Although systematic patterns of geographic variation in OUD and opioid overdose have been identified, the factors that explain why opioid-related hospitalizations increase in certain areas are not well understood. METHOD We examined Pennsylvania Health Care Cost Containment Council (PHC4) hospital inpatient discharge data at the ZIP code level to measure the geographic growth and spread of OUD as measured by 44 quarters of inpatient hospitalization data (from 2004 through 2014) for the entire state of Pennsylvania (n = 16,275 ZIP codes). We assessed the relative contribution of specific attributes of areas (e.g., population density) to patterns of OUD, heroin poisonings, and non-heroin opioid poisonings. Unit misalignment and spatial autocorrelation were corrected for using Bayesian space-time conditional autoregressive models. RESULTS The associations between a greater density of manual labor establishments and all opioid-related hospitalizations were well supported and positive. A dose-response relationship between population density and opioid-related hospitalizations existed, with a stronger association for heroin poisonings (relative rate, densest quintile vs. least dense: 3.40 [95% credible interval 2.68, 4.39]). CONCLUSIONS Posterior distributions from these models enabled the identification of locations most vulnerable to problems related to the opioid epidemic in Pennsylvania. Understanding spatial patterns of OUD and poisonings can enhance the development and implementation of effective prevention programs.
Parent-based self-medication in Pakistani children: a qualitative cross-sectional survey

Background : A large percent of the population in developing countries is comprised of children. Drug utilization patterns in children is of great concern universally and has gained a lot of attention. Objectives : The aim of this study was to test the Pakistani parents’ knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) towards self-medicating their children. Methods : A cross-sectional study was designed and the data collection was carried out in several government and private hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. Non probability convenient random sampling method was employed to select the participants. Results : In our study, 45 (44.55%) parents were university graduates. The most frequent medicines used were Panadol (paracetamol) 84 (83%). The most common self-treated symptom was cough & cold 73 (72.27%). In case of self-treatment failure most of the parents in the present study tend to consult general practitioners in private clinics 62 (61%), while 31 (31%) of them seek advice from child specialists in hospitals. Doctors were the first favourite source for 92 (91.0%) of parents. The most common reasons were the expensive consultation fees and long waiting time in the clinics. A large portion of parents disagreed that health care workers’ attitudes were bad, or that information relayed to them was insufficient. Another important finding was 52 (51.4%) of parents were convinced that they can diagnose their child’s illnesses by the symptoms. Conclusions : The study uncovered that parents’ knowledge was lacking, and their parental self-medication practice demonstrated to be unseemly. Based on the results of our study, we conclude that there is a critical need of appropriate interventions to tackle this issue. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.33-38