Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Active Boundary Layer Control on a Highly Loaded Turbine Exit Case Profile

A highly loaded turbine exit guide vane with active boundary layer control was investigated experimentally in the High Speed Cascade Wind Tunnel at the University of the German Federal Armed Forces, Munich. The experiments include profile Mach number distributions, wake traverse measurements as well as boundary layer investigations with a flattened Pitot probe. Active boundary layer control by fluidic oscillators was applied to achieve improved performance in the low Reynolds number regime. Low solidity, which can be applied to reduce the number of blades, increases the risk of flow separation resulting in increased total pressure losses. Active boundary layer control is supposed to overcome these negative effects. The experiments show that active boundary layer control by fluidic oscillators is an appropriate way to suppress massive open separation bubbles in the low Reynolds number regime.
Education & public policy in Bogotá: guarding the public interest

High school education appears to be a key variable for the economic prosperity of Bogota. However, the lack of consideration of quality as a necessary standard for education in the city threatens its potential to positively affect social welfare. One of the main problems emerges from an imprecise conception of education as a public good, condensed in its public policy planning. Therefore, the appliance of more progressive proposals can be suggested to help combine the virtues of market forces and the state’s regulatory power
Tectonic evolution of Les Saintes archipelago (Guadeloupe, French West Indies): relation with the Lesser Antilles arc system

In this paper, we provide the first structural map of Les Saintes archipelago (Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles). The finite strain pattern displays four families of fault systems characterized by their statistical structural orientations: N000-N020, N050-N070, N090-N110 and N130-N140 trending fault systems. Our onshore results thus underline a fault network much more complex than the one depicted by the previous offshore geophysical investigations around Les Saintes archipelago, which show only N120-N150 trending system. According to the available K-Ar dating of the volcanic rocks and the relative chronology of the faults defined in the field, we determine the deformation history in Les Saintes islands since the last 3 Ma. The four highlighted trending fault systems are already active since the Pliocene and are consistent with the present-day extensional tectonics in the Guadeloupe archipelago compatible with the reactivation of inherited structures at the active arc scale. We interpret the tectonic evolution of Les Saintes islands as the result of interplay between subduction of aseismic ridges (Tiburon and Barracuda ridges) and oblique convergence. Furthermore, we recognized an exhumed geothermal paleo-system in Terre-de-Haut island which is a good analogue of the present-day active Bouillante geothermal system. Its duration is estimated at 400 k.y. during the Pliocene.
New Era of Teaching, Learning, and Technology: Teachers’ Perceived Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge and Self-Efficacy Towards Differentiated Instruction

Shifting from an industrial model of education to a model that best provides students with differentiated instruction (Tomlinson, 2014) requires educational philosophical change (Fullan, 2014) as well as innovation diffusion (Rogers, 2003). The problem is not the amount of research that exists on differentiation, the diffusion of innovations, or the change process. The problem is what new technological pedagogical content knowledge (Koehler & Mishra, 2008) do educators need to make this change process happen? How is this knowledge communicated to finally change the “fundamental processes of schooling” (Elmore, 1996, p. 4)? This sequential, mixed-methods study addressed the following condensed research questions: What are in-service teachers’ perceived knowledge levels in relation to technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK)? What are teachers’ perceived levels of comfort to differentiate instruction (DI)? Is there a significant relationship among perceived levels of comfort to DI and TPACK? What are the relationships between educators’ TPACK and DI self-efficacy and the following demographics: grade level, years of teaching, adopter category, device-student ratio, professional development hours in technology or DI, class size, certification(s), and educational background? A questionnaire with open-ended questions provided quantitative and qualitative data (N=72). On a 5-point (SD – SA) Likert scale, pre-kindergarten to grade 12 teachers self-perceived TPACK ranged from 3.46 to 4.00. The educators’ self-efficacy to DI (5point; Not Confident-Very Confident) was 4.01 and DI with technology (DI-T) was 3.16. Grade 8-12 teachers demonstrated significantly higher TPACK and self-efficacy to DI than pre-kindergarten to grade 4 teachers. Of the respondents, 22% were categorized as innovators and 32% as early adoptersconsidered teacher leaders. Both groups demonstrated more confidence with DI-T than later adopter categories. Even with significant correlation between TPACK and DI (r=.47, r = .22; p < .001), TPACK and DI modeling ranged from 2.20 (teachers) to 1.75 (teacher leaders) and from 2.32 to 2.03 respectively (1=25% or less to 4=76-100%). Qualitative themes confirmed the problem. Even though TPACK and self-efficacy to DI were relatively strong, these innovative practices were being rejected. Thus, recommendations identified specific professional development needs, and for educational systems to create communication channels to more rapidly diffuse innovational pedagogies.
Genetic distances in soybean based on RAPD markers

Four methods were applied to determine pairwise genetic distances among five soybean genotypes which are potential genitors for a mapping population. Additionally, individual plants from the most divergent pair of genotypes were evaluated by the RAPD technique to determine their degree of homozygosity. Genetic distances based on RAPD data were calculated by the modified Rogers' distance, and also by the following arithmetical complements of similarity: simple match, Nei and Li, and Gower. These genetic distances were similar, presenting a correlation coefficient ranging from 0.99 to 1.00. In all four methods lines UFV 91-717 and Ichigowase were the most divergent ones (4.53 to 21.43%). DNA samples from five plants from each of the two most divergent genotypes were amplified with 28 different primers. Among the amplified products, only five were polymorphic in each group (2.10%), demonstrating their high intragroup degree of homozygosity. These homozygosity were maintained when DNA samples from 12 plants from each of the two most divergent genotypes were amplified. These parameters were extremely useful for the confirmation of the chosen pair of genitors to generate a mapping population.
Sexual selection in an isopod with Wolbachia‐induced sex reversal: males prefer real females

A variety of genetic elements encode traits beneficial to their own transmission. Despite their ‘selfish’ behaviour, most of these elements are often found at relatively low frequencies in host populations. This is the case of intracytoplasmic Wolbachia bacteria hosted by the isopod Armadillidium vulgare that distort the host sex ratio towards females by feminizing the genetic males they infect. Here we tested the hypothesis that sexual selection against Wolbachia‐infected females could maintain a polymorphism of the infection in populations. The infected neo‐females (feminized males) have lower mating rates and received less sperm relative to uninfected females. Males exhibited an active choice: they interacted more with uninfected females and made more mating attempts. A female behavioural difference was also observed in response to male mating attempts: infected neo‐females more often exhibited behaviours that stop the mating sequence. The difference in mating rate was significant only when males could choose between the two female types. This process could maintain a polymorphism of the infection in populations. Genetic females experimentally infected with Wolbachia are not exposed to the same sexual selection pressure, so the infection alone cannot explain these differences.
THE LEVEL OF MITE DERMATOPHAGOIDES’ ALLERGENS (DER-P 1 AND DER-F 1) IN BIRJAND (SHORT COMMUNICATION)

1. Department of Immunology, Asthma, Allergy & Immunology Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran 2. Department of Environmental Engineering , Asthma, Allergy & Immunology Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran 3. Department of Marine Biology, Center of Research and studies of Ornamental Fish, University Crusade of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran 4. Medical Student, Asthma, Allergy & Immunology Research Center, Medical School, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran 5. Msc of Development and Training in Agriculture, Central Branch of Keshavarzi Bank, Birjand, Iran
Strong orthogonal decompositions and non‐linear impulse response functions for infinite‐variance processes

The author proves that Wold‐type decompositions with strong orthogonal prediction innovations exist in smooth, reflexive Banach spaces of discrete time processes if and only if the projection operator generating the innovations satisfies the property of iterations. His theory includes as special cases all previous Wold‐type decompositions of discrete time processes, completely characterizes when non‐linear heavy‐tailed processes obtain a strong‐orthogonal moving average representation, and easily promotes a theory of non‐linear impulse response functions for infinite‐variance processes. The author exemplifies his theory by developing a non‐linear impulse response function for smooth transition threshold processes, and discusses how to test decomposition innovations for strong orthogonality and whether the proposed model represents the best predictor. A data set on currency exchange rates allows him to illustrate his methodology.
Joint inventory and constant price decisions for a continuous review system

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study joint inventory and pricing strategy for a continuous inventory review system. While dynamic pricing decisions are often studied in the literature along with inventory management, the authors' aim in this study is to obtain a single long‐run optimal price; also to gain insight about how to obtain the optimal price and inventory control variables simultaneously and then the benefits of joint optimization of the inventory and pricing decisions over the sequential optimization policy often followed in practice.Design/methodology/approach – A general (R;Q) policy system with fixed cost of ordering is modelled and then the case where unsatisfied demand is lost is studied. General forms of both the additive and multiplicative demand models are used to obtain structural results.Findings – By showing optimality conditions on the price and inventory decision variables, two algorithms on how to obtain optimal decision variables, one for additive and another for multip.
Distributional Effects of Capital and Labor on Economic Growth

In the following we propose a growth model for an economy consisting of firms which are heterogeneous in technologies and input demands. We show that the growth rate in this economy depends not only on changes in the aggregate level of capital and labor, but also on changes in the allocation of these inputs across firms. As the latter effects are neglected in conventional growth models, they are misleadingly captured by the residual TFP measure. In contrast, we are able to quantify the infuence of these components. Our empirical analysis, which is based on structural estimation from firm-level data, reveals that changes in allocation of capital and labor have pronounced effects on GDP-growth for most European countries. Further, we take cross-country differences in the distributional effects into account to improve conventional growth accounting exercises. In particular, we find that they explain additionally up to 17% of growth differences among 19 European countries. Consequently, allowing for heterogeneity in firm-level technologies and input demands increases the explanatory power of the inputs.
Scaling in natural and laboratory earthquakes

Laboratory experiments reproducing seismic slip conditions show extreme frictional weakening due to the activation of lubrication processes. Due to a substantial variability in the details of the weakening transient, generalization of experimental results and comparison to seismic observations have not been possible so far. Here we show that during the weakening, shear stress τ is generally well matched by a power law of slip u in the form τ∝u−α (with 0.35 < α < 0.6). The resulting fracture energy Gf can be approximated by a power law in some aspects in agreement with the seismological estimates G′ . It appears that Gf and G′ are comparable in the range 0.01 < u < 0.3 m. However, G′ surpasses Gf at larger slips: at u≈10 m, G′≈108 and Gf≈106. Possible interpretations of this misfit involve the complexity of damage and weakening mechanisms within mature fault zone structures.
Pulsar bow-shock nebulae - I. Physical regimes and detectability conditions

Pulsar bow-shock nebulae originate from the interaction of the ambient medium with the wind of a moving pulsar. The properties of these nebulae depend on both the physical conditions in the ambient medium and the characteristics of the pulsar wind, and may thus represent a powerful diagnostic tool. The main limits to this study are, on the observational side, the very limited sample of pulsar bow-shock nebulae known so far and, on the theoretical one, a still limited understanding of the physical conditions in these nebulae: in particular, classical bow-shock models are not appropriate to describe these objects. In this paper we outline the most likely physical regimes for nebulae associated with typical pulsars, and discuss why classical models cannot be applied to these objects. We also discuss how microphysical processes may aect both the dynamics of the flow and the properties of the emission (mostly in Balmer lines). We nally put forward a criterion to select among the known pulsars those with the highest probability of having a detectable bow-shock nebula.
Inflation, Inflation Uncertainty and a Common European Monetary Policy

The relationship between inflation and inflation uncertainty is investigated in six European Union countries for the period 1960-99. Exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity models are used to generate a measure of inflation uncertainty and then Granger methods are employed to test for causality between average inflation and inflation uncertainty. In all the European countries except Germany, inflation significantly raises inflation uncertainty as predicted by Friedman. However, in all countries except the UK, inflation uncertainty does not cause negative output effects, implying that a common European monetary policy applied by the European Central Bank might lead to asymmetric real effects via the inflation uncertainty channel. Less robust evidence is found regarding the direction of the impact of a change in inflation uncertainty on inflation. In Germany and the Netherlands, increased inflation uncertainty lowers inflation, while in Italy, Spain and, to a lesser extent, France increased inflation uncertainty raises inflation. These results are generally consistent with the existing rankings of central bank independence.
Pola kunjungan serangga liar dan efek penambahan koloni Trigona (Tetragonula) laeviceps Smith pada penyerbukan kabocha (Cucurbita maxima)

Insects hold important role in pollination of many crops. However, studies on pollination in Indonesia could be considered rare. This study focussed on obtaining the basic information of wild pollinators and the effect Trigona ( Tetragonula ) laeviceps Smith innundation release to the production and quality of pumpkin ( C. maxima ) in traditional farming system. Observations were carried out from 07:00 to 15:00 during flowering period for 3 weeks. Sampling area was divided into three plots : open pollination + T. laeviceps (OPT), open pollination (OP), and hand pollination (HP). Pollination was assessed by three main parameters, which were visitation pattern, plant reproductive success, and fruit quality. Visitation pattern was assessed by measuring frequency and duration of pollinator visits, the plant reproductive success by fruit set and number of seed produced; while fruit quality by diameter, weight, and number of fruit produced/plant. We recorded different visitation pattern in which wild pollinator preferred to visit flowers in the morning while T. laeviceps preferred to visit from noon to afternoon. This pattern could be relate to difference in thermal tolerance among pollinators. There were significant differences among fruit set produced in OPT (80%), OP (65%), and HP (38.3%) (F 2,35 = 19,907, P = 0,000). Number of seeds and fruit quality produced in OPT and OP much higher than HP while number of fruits produced in OPT significantly higher that OP and HP. Low pollination success in HP showed pollination process in pumpkin highly depend on pollination time. Thus, pollination by bees in pumpkin hard to be replace by human and variation of visit provided by T. laeviceps produce positive effect to pumpkin.
Effects of valence and causal direction in the emotion inferences processing during reading: evidence from a lexical decision task

In two experiments we investigated the role that activation of emotional inferences when readers represent fictional characters' emotional states using an affective lexical decision task. Subjects read short stories that described concrete actions. In the first experiment, we analyzed whether the valence (positive or negative) was an important factor of inference´s activation. The results showed that valence was determinant factor in the moment that emotional inference was generated, being the positive valence faster than negative. In the second experiment we studied whether the emotion inference activation was influenced by the causal direction of the story, where the causal direction of the text was manipulated in order to induce towards an emotional inference predictive (the reader looking for a consequence that promote a particular emotion) or inducing an explanatory inference (reader looking for a cause that “explain” a particular emotion). The results suggest that emotional inferences are made online, and that valence and causal directions are two decisive components of emotional trait, but only positive valence increase their processing.
Heterogeneous Photodecolorization of Methyl Green Catalyzed by Fe(II)-o-Phenanthroline/Zeolite Y Nanocluster

The potential of Fe(II)-orthophenatrolin, as doped with synthetic zeolite Y nanocluster (Na-Y) via complexation process, after wet impregnation of parent zeolite with FeSO4 aqueous solution, was studied as a photocatalyst in decolorization of Methyl Green (MG) under UV irradiation. The characterization of the synthesized zeolite nanocluster and the prepared catalyst was studied using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis, and SEM methods. The dye photodecolorization process was studied considering the influence of experimental parameters and it was observed that photoreactivity of the photocatalyst was varied with catalyst amount, initial dye concentration, pH of dye solution, temperature, and the presence of KBrO3. The optimal experimental parameters were obtained as follows: catalyst amount: 1 gL−1, dye concentration: 40 ppm, pH: 9, and active component value: 100 mg Fe(II)-orthophenatrolin per g catalyst. The reusability of the intended catalyst was also investigated. The degradation process obeyed first-order kinetics.
DMM019950 1037..1046

Contrasting data exist on the effect of gender and menopause on the susceptibility, development and liver damage progression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Our aim was to assess whether menopause is associated with the severity of liver fibrosis in individuals with NAFLD and to explore the issue of ovarian senescence in experimental liver steatosis in zebrafish. In 244 females and age-matched males with biopsy-proven NAFLD, we assessed anthropometric, biochemical and metabolic features, including menopausal status (self-reported); liver biopsy was scored according to ‘The Pathology Committee of the NASH Clinical Research Network’. Young and old male and female zebrafish were fed for 24 weeks with a high-calorie diet. Weekly body mass index (BMI), histopathological examination and quantitative real-time PCR analysis on genes involved in lipid metabolism, inflammation and fibrosis were performed. In the entire cohort, at multivariate logistic regression, male gender [odds ratio (OR): 1.408, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.779-2.542, P=0.25] vs women at reproductive agewas not associated with F2-F4 fibrosis, whereas a trend was observed for menopause (OR: 1.752, 95% CI: 0.956-3.208, P=0.06). In women, menopause (OR: 2.717, 95% CI: 1.020-7.237, P=0.04) was independently associated with F2-F4 fibrosis. Similarly, in overfed zebrafish, old female fish with failing ovarian function [as demonstrated by extremely low circulating estradiol levels (1.4± 0.1 pg/μl) and prevailing presence of atretic follicles in the ovaries] developed massive steatosis and substantial fibrosis (comparable with that occurring in males), whereas young female fish developed less steatosis and were totally protected from the development of fibrosis. Ovarian senescence significantly increases the risk of fibrosis severity both in humans with NAFLD and in zebrafish with experimental steatosis.
The Effect of Furigana on Lexical Inferencing of Unknown Kanji Words

The Effect of Furigana on Lexical Inferencing of Unknown Kanji Words Joy Palmer Center for Language Studies, BYU Master of Arts The present study investigates the effect of furigana on lexical inferencing. After completing a pretest to determine their knowledge of the target words, participants read a passage and completed a think-aloud protocol and questionnaire. The experimental group read a passage with furigana over all kanji words while the control group read a passage without furigana. The protocols were evaluated to determine the rate and quality of lexical inferences of 16 target kanji words. The results of the questionnaire were evaluated to determine participant perception of passage and kanji difficulty, self-assessed percentage of the story that was understood, and the degree to which they liked the story. It was found that the group with furigana made more correct inferences than the control group. It was also found that the furigana group perceived the kanji in the passage to be easier than the control group did. Furigana did not seem to affect the degree to which the participants liked the story, their perception of the difficulty of the story or the percentage of the story that they understood. Implications for theory and pedagogy are discussed.