Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Health Status in an Invisible Population

One goal of Healthy People 2010 (2003) is to close the gap of disparities in access to care and health. The purpose of this descriptive exploratory study was to evaluate health status indicators in the children of itinerant carnival and migrant farmworkers aged birth to 12 years. Health status outcomes (immunization records, well-child examinations, dental health status, and growth parameters) were compared between the two groups and to national averages to identify health disparities. All forms were available in Spanish and English. A total of 97 children were recruited for this study: 45 carnival children and 52 migrant farmworker children.
Linezolid: the first oxazolidinone antimicrobial.

The abstract of a recent review (1) of ultrasonographic screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) contained an error. The last sentence of the abstract should read, “If elective repair is reserved for larger AAAs, one-time ultrasonographic screening for AAA can be recommended for men 65 to 79 years of age who have ever smoked,” not “never smoked. ”
Lack of correlation between internists' ability in dermatology and their patterns of treating patients with skin disease.

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN We determine whether a subset of internists exist who are better at diagnosing skin disease and therefore select themselves to treat the majority of patients with dermatologic disorders. A survey was conducted in which internists reported their self-perception regarding their abilities in dermatology, the amount of dermatology training they had received, and the percentage of patients they encounter with and treat for skin diseases. This was correlated with results from an objective photographic (Kodachrome) examination assessing their diagnostic abilities in dermatology. The setting was university and private practices in Miami, Fla, and New Haven, Conn. The participants were general internists, medical subspecialists, and medical residents. After completing a self-administered questionnaire, each physician then participated in an examination where they were shown 20 color photographs of common skin disorders. We correlate the relationship between the survey variables and the results of the photographic examination. RESULTS Eighty-four internists diagnosed 50.5% of the diseases correctly. Internists perceive themselves as mediocre in dermatology (2.6, on a scale of 1-5, 5 being the best), which correlated with their poor performance on the photographic evaluation (P = .04). Internists reported having limited education or training in dermatology (> 85% having < 1 month of training in or after medical school). There was a trend toward a correlation between the amount of training internists received and their ability in dermatology (P = .07). Notably , there was no correlation between internists' ability in dermatology and the percentage of patients they encounter with and treat for skin disease. CONCLUSIONS Internists receive limited training and have resultant poor performance in diagnosing skin disease. Internists are aware of their limited ability in dermatology as demonstrated by their mediocre self-perceived ability. Notably, no correlation was found between internists' abilities in dermatology and the percentage of patients they encounter and treat for skin disease. Therefore, we did not demonstrate a subset of internists, superior at dermatology, who treat the majority of patients with skin disease. This suggests patients with skin disease may be better served by dermatologists.
Improvement in predicting tumorigenic phenotype of androgen‐insensitive human LNCaP prostatic cancer cell subline in recombination with rat urogenital sinus mesenchyme

Hormone‐refractory prostate cancer, a heterogeneous disease, has varying degrees of androgen sensitivity. To understand the physiological changes in the hormone‐refractory state, the present study used a lineage‐derived androgen receptor (AR)‐positive, androgen‐insensitive prostate cancer cell line and evaluated the tumorigenic phenotype, focusing on tumor–stromal interactions in vivo. First, tumorigenic differences of cancer cells alone were examined in an androgen‐insensitive AR‐positive LNCaP subline, AIDL, compared with those of the androgen‐sensitive AR‐positive parental LNCaP and the androgen‐insensitive AR‐negative PC‐3 cells transplanted into subcutaneous, sub‐renal and prostatic orthotopic graft sites. Next, cancer cells were recombined with rat urogenital sinus mesenchyme (rUGM) to simulate the tumor‐stromal microenvironment. Tumors of AIDL and LNCaP without stromal components both formed well‐defined globular tumors and contained large blood‐filled areas, with no significant difference in tumor growth or histopathology regardless of the cell line's androgen sensitivity or graft site. In contrast, tumors of AIDL and LNCaP recombined with rUGM both showed reduction of blood‐filled areas in the tumors and increased tumor growth compared with cancer cells alone. Tumors of AIDL + rUGM recombinants were approximately three times as large as those of LNCaP + rUGM recombinants, whereas tumors of AIDL and LNCaP without rUGM were not different in size. In addition to the tumor size, cell proliferation (Ki‐67 labeling index) in tumors of AIDL + rUGM recombinants was significantly higher than that in tumors of LNCaP + rUGM recombinants. Immunoreactivities of AR, E‐cadherin and β‐catenin were decreased in AIDL + rUGM recombinants relative to AIDL alone and LNCaP + rUGM recombinants. These results demonstrated that tumorigenic features of androgen‐insensitive AR‐positive prostate cancer cells could be significantly influenced by rUGM. Therefore, this in vivo recombination model with rUGM may be useful in developing new treatment strategies. (Cancer Sci 2008; 99: 2435–2443)
Comparison of the effects of sevoflurane and propofol on cortical somatosensory evoked potentials.

BACKGROUND Propofol (P) and sevoflurane (S) are potential anaesthetic agents if electrophysiological monitoring is required during spinal surgery. They allow rapid recovery and do not depress cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) as much as other agents. The effects of these agents on SSEP have not been compared before. METHODS Twenty-four patients were allocated randomly to receive either S (n = 12) or P (n = 12). SSEP evoked by electrical stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve at the ankle were recorded before anaesthesia. The cortical potential P40 was recorded (latency P40 and amplitudes N29P40 and P40N50). The anaesthetic concentration was adjusted gradually to obtain three predetermined ranges of values of bispectral index (BIS): 45-55, 35-45 and 25-35. For each range, a stable state was maintained for 10 min and SSEP were recorded. RESULTS For the BIS 45-55 range, compared with preoperative values, P40 latency increased during S [mean change +2 (SD 0.6) ms] but not during P [+0.4 (0.2) ms (P = 0.12)] and both amplitudes (N29P40 and P40N50) decreased with S. Increasing S concentration caused a dose-dependent depression of SSEP. P did not have a statistically significant effect on the recordings and the signals remained stable in each BIS range. CONCLUSION Sevoflurane affected SSEP recordings in a dose-dependent fashion. Propofol had a minimal effect on SSEP recordings.
Causal Coherence ∗

Agents with the same information and same preferences can make different choices. Agents differ not only with respect to their preferences and information, but their causal interpretations of that information. This can lead to what agents with the correct causal model would perceive as “irrational mistakes” committed by others. I apply an axiomatic representation to develop the causally coherent agent, who has a causal model about a causally ambiguous phenomenon that is consistent with data, makes choices rationally, but is unaware of alternative models. In essence, her model is not identified so she hazards a guess. The causal model is a causal bayesian network. In this framework, I show how agents with the same information and the same preferences will make different choices. Moreover, with this framework, I can construct a set of reasonable theories that emerge from data the agents see. This provides a framework for constructing agents’ conjectures in a general setting. I apply this framework to an auction to show that agents with wrong models suffer a ‘causal curse’ similar in kind to the winner’s curse. ∗I would like to thank Daniel Benjamin, Joshua Cherry, Peter DiCola, Michael Elsby, Robert Gazzale, David Greenstreet, Patrick Kline, Greg Lewis, Dmitry Lubensky, Yusufcan Masatlioglu, Daisuke Nakajima, Emily Shelton, Doug Smith, Charles Taragin, Seminar participants at Michigan, and especially Emre Ozdenoren, Scott Page, and John DiNardo for helpful comments. †University of Michigan, Department of Economics
Reverse Hypothyroid Status Induced by PTU in Rat ? Biochemical and Histological Studies

Background: Nigella sativa Linn. or Black cumin was tested anti-oxidant effect including its anti thyroid effect. Material: Adult male Wister rats (200g) were divided into: control and experimental. Hypothyroidism was induced by propylthiouracil. Oil of Nigella Sativa was administrated to animal models of hypothyroidism in daily doses of 400 mg/ kg / BW via gastric intubation for 4 weeks. Body weight gain, food intake, % food conversion efficiency, water intake, blood thyroid hormones were determined. Histological study of the thyroid gland was carried out . Data were expressed as mean ± SEM and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-tests. Results: Improvement in body weight, food and water intake in treated hypothyroid rats were observed. Nigella sativa increased serum triiodothyronine thyroxin and decreased TSH. No change in sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, magnesium, for all treated hypothyroid rats. Histological examination of the treated hypothyroid rats showed improvement in the follicular cell height and colloid content. Conclusion: Nigella sativa oil has antioxidant effect that could ameliorate PTU induced oxidative stress and damage of thyroid follicles so could be considered to have a significant therapeutic role in hypothyroid disease. Studying the effect of Nigella sativa components on cells of thyroid could be tested in the future to identify which of them is involved in treatment. [Amel Ahmed Khalawi, Ali Ahmed Al-Robai, Sameer Mohamed Khoja and Soad shaker Ali. Can Nigella Sativa Oil (NSO) Reverse Hypothyroid Status Induced by PTU in Rat? Biochemical and Histological Studies] Life Science Journal 2013;10(2):802-811]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 113 Key word: hypothyroidism Nigella sativa oil – thyroid function testshistology.
Growth and enrichment of pentachlorophenol-degrading microorganisms in the nutristat, a substrate concentration-controlled continuous culture

The nutristat, a substrate concentration-controlled continuous culture, was used to grow pentachlorophenol (PCP)-degrading microorganisms. The PCP concentration control system consisted of on-line measurement of the PCP concentration in the culture vessel with a tangential filter and a flowthrough spectrophotometer. With PCP concentrations between 45 and 77 microM, a stable situation was established in the nutristat, with an average dilution rate of 0.035 +/- 0.003 h-1. Compared with those of fed-batch cultures and chemostat cultures, the growth rates of microorganisms in the PCP nutristat were significantly higher, leading to considerable time savings in the enrichment procedure. In addition, PCP accumulation to severe inhibitory levels in the culture is prevented because the set point determines the (maximum) PCP concentration in the culture. The use of the nutristat as a tool for the growth of bacteria that degrade toxic compounds is discussed.
Homocysteine and Serum-Lipid Levels in Pulmonary Embolism

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a fatal disease that arises from genetic and environmental factors. There is little evidence for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) with hyperhomocysteinemia to lead to PE. Therefore, we evaluated homocysteine levels and lipid profile in PE patients and to display risk for PE. Forty six patients with proven PE and 46 healthy controls were included in the study. Homocysteine and serum lipid levels were calculated and compared in both groups. There were no significant differences between two groups in terms of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In PE group, HDL-C levels were found significantly lower in comparison to the control group (P = .004). Mean homocysteine levels were significantly higher in PE group than in the control group (P = .001). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly low in which homocysteine levels were high in the PE group. We thought that low HDL-C level with hyperhomocysteinemia is susceptible to PE.
Changes in the static accommodation response with age

A transverse study of the monocular, steady‐state accommodation response/stimulus curves for 49 normal subjects with ages between 17 and 49 years shows that the slope of the curve reduces only slowly with age up to about 40 years and then declines rapidly as complete presbyopia is approached. Such behaviour appears to result from the accommodation system changing its characteristics with age to make optimal use of the available objective amplitude of accommodation and the depth‐of‐focus of the eye.
Nutritional Composition of Sea Cucumber Isostichopus sp.

The knowledge of the chemical composition of invertebrates as sea cucumber contributes to improving our understanding of these living organisms. This study compared the chemical composition of wild sea cucumber Isostichopus sp. , between February 2013 and January 2014. Sea cucumbers were captured by hand by artisanal fishermen and transported alive to the laboratory of Aquaculture of the Universidad del Magdalena (Colombia), where they were subsequently killed and taken to freeze until analysis. For proximate analysis 20 g of muscle were used for each sample. The analysis (in triplicate) was performed according to [1]. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the protein content, lipids and ash were found. The chemical composition ranged from 2.74% to 6.63% for protein; about 0.07% to 0.35% for lipids; 3.16% to 3.81% for ash; between 83.74% and 86.92% for moisture. Chemical composition of muscle Isostichopus sp. was similar to that reported for fresh sea cucumbers internationally traded, which indicates that it is a species with a competitive commercial value for use in food.
Hypnotic age regression and the Ponzo and Poggendorff illusions.

Abstract Parrish, Lundy, and Leibowitz (1968, 1969) reported that the magnitudes of the Ponzo and Poggendorff illusions obtained from 10 hypnotically age-regressed Ss were consonant with illusion data obtained from young children. The present study sought to replicate this finding using additional controls. Insusceptible Ss simulating hypnosis were used to equate “demand characteristics” in the experimental and control groups. A group of medium susceptible Ss was included as a further means of assessing differences between high and low susceptible Ss, should these occur. Post-experimental inquiry procedures were used to evaluate the extent to which the results were affected by Ss' perceptions of the experimental procedure and by their preconceptions of how children should respond to illusions. 18 university students (6 high, 6 middle, 6 low), whose hypnotic rating had been ascertained using SHSS:C (Weitzenhoffer & Hilgard, 1962) and the Diagnostic Rating Procedure of Orne and O'Connell (1967) underwent th.
Symptoms and signs of prostatism as risk factors for prostatectomy

Symptom questionnaires and physical examinations administered periodically to 1,057 men followed prospectively for up to 30 years in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) were analyzed to determine which symptoms of prostatism were predictive of subsequent prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Change in the size and force of the urinary stream (P = 0.0001) and a sensation of incomplete emptying (P = 0.0005) were the only symptoms positively predictive in a multivariate analysis. Prostate enlargement by rectal palpation was an independent risk factor for prostatectomy (P <0.03) and was associated with hesitancy (P <0.02) and a sensation of incomplete emptying (P <0.02). Of the men with all three risk factors, 37% (41/112) eventually had a prostatectomy, in contrast to 8% of the remaining 945 men. This is the first study to document the extent to which urologic symptoms and a digital rectal examination predict subsequent prostatectomy for BPH.
High‐grade prostatic sarcoma seen in a catheterized urine specimen: Case report and differential diagnosis

Urine cytology has been effectively used in the diagnosis and management of epithelial bladder tumors, particularly high‐grade urothelial carcinoma. Indeed it is the gold standard for bladder cancer screening. Although urothelial carcinoma is the most frequently identified bladder tumor by urine cytology, metastatic carcinomas from the kidney, colon, and a variety of other regional organs have been detected. Stromal lesions such as inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and leiomyosarcoma are other much rarer entities occurring within the bladder. Few to no case reports exist documenting their identification within urine cytology specimens. Herein we report the detection of a high‐grade prostatic sarcoma within a catheterized urine specimen of a young male having a diffusely enlarged prostate. The specimen consisted of numerous fragments of relatively uniform spindle cells having ovoid nuclei with rounded ends and finely dispersed chromatin. Cytoplasmic borders were indistinct. No mitoses or significant atypia was present. The background consisted of numerous red blood cells, cellular debris, and a few clusters of unremarkable urothelial cells. Followup surgical biopsy of the patient's prostate revealed a high‐grade spindle‐cell sarcoma. Further immunohistochemical and molecular delineation of the tumor was not informative for a more definitive diagnosis. Although rare, sarcomas and other mesenchymal tumors involving the bladder are unique entities with a broad differential diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Study on uniform for ten types of preference information in multi-attribute group decision making

The problem of uniform for the existing preference information in multi-attribute group decision making is discussed in this paper. A method is proposed based on the λ-cut of fuzzy mathematics to convert triangular fuzzy numbers and trapezoidal fuzzy numbers to interval number complementary judgment matrix. Means of converting interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy judgment matrix and linguistic variables to interval number complementary judgment matrix are also presented. An approach of uniform for the following ten types of preference information is obtained: real number utility values, preference orderings, reciprocal judgment matrix and complementary judgment matrix, interval number utility values, interval number complementary judgment matrix, fuzzy number utility values, intuitionistic fuzzy judgment matrix, interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy judgment matrix and linguistic variable utility values. A group decision making method is provided to integrate the ten types of preference information. Finally, a numerical example about emergency plans is used to illustrate the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria containing ACC‐deaminase on maize (Zea mays L.) growth under axenic conditions and on nodulation in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.)

Aims: This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the bacterial strains possessing 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC)‐deaminase activity may also promote growth of inoculated plants and could increase nodulation in legumes upon co‐inoculation with rhizobia.
Experimental Centrifuge Testing and Analytical Studies of Particle Damping Behavior

Abstract : In this paper, analytical and experimental studies of particle damping behavior are discussed. These studies have focused on the development of an analytical model to predict particle damping behavior and on determination of the effects of centrifugal loading on the behavior. An analytical model, based on the particle dynamics method, has been developed and is being correlated with results from experimental testing. A novel test facility is being established which enables laboratory based evaluation of the damping effectiveness of blade-like objects under centrifugal loading. Depending on the test article, this facility will be capable of exposing test specimens to centrifugal accelerations of up to 124,000 G's.
Analysis of copper penetration in selective-emitter silicon solar cells using laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry

This paper reports on an investigation into the use of laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) in analyzing copper diffusion through nickel barrier layers in selective-emitter silicon solar cells. Cells plated with nickel and copper were heat-treated at 200 °C for up to 15 hours. Following quenching in ethylene glycol, significant degradation was observed in the plated cells, whereas no degradation was observed in the slow cooled cells. Impurity analysis with high spatial resolution was obtained with LA-ICPMS, showing higher copper content in copper-plated cells after heat treatment compared to cells without copper plating or heat treatment. The limitations of LA-ICPMS for quantitative analysis and the importance of minimizing surface contamination to improve technique sensitivity are also highlighted.
A diagnostic system for articular cartilage using non‐destructive pulsed laser irradiation

Osteoarthritis involves dysfunction caused by cartilage degeneration, but objective evaluation methodologies based on the original function of the articular cartilage remain unavailable. Evaluations for osteoarthritis are mostly based simply on patient symptoms or the degree of joint space narrowing on X‐ray images. Accurate measurement and quantitative evaluation of the mechanical characteristics of the cartilage is important, and the tissue properties of the original articular cartilage must be clarified to understand the pathological condition in detail and to correctly judge the efficacy of treatment. We have developed new methods to measure some essential properties of cartilage: a photoacoustic measurement method; and time‐resolved fluorescence spectroscopy.