Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A TURNOVER IN THE GALAXY MAIN SEQUENCE OF STAR FORMATION AT M* ∼ 1010 M☉ FOR REDSHIFTS z < 1.3

The relationship between galaxy star formation rates (SFRs) and stellar masses (M*) is reexamined using a mass-selected sample of ∼62,000 star-forming galaxies at z ⩽ 1.3 in the COSMOS 2 deg2 field. Using new far-infrared photometry from Herschel-PACS and SPIRE and Spitzer-MIPS 24 μm, along with derived infrared luminosities from the NRK method based on galaxies' locations in the restframe color–color diagram (NUV − r) versus (r − K), we are able to more accurately determine total SFRs for our complete sample. At all redshifts, the relationship between median SFR and M* follows a power law at low stellar masses, and flattens to nearly constant SFR at high stellar masses. We describe a new parameterization that provides the best fit to the main sequence and characterizes the low mass power-law slope, turnover mass, and overall scaling. The turnover in the main sequence occurs at a characteristic mass of about M0 ∼ 1010 M☉ at all redshifts. The low mass power-law slope ranges from 0.9–1.3 and the overall scaling rises in SFR as a function of (1 + z)4.12 ± 0.10. A broken power-law fit below and above the turnover mass gives relationships of below the turnover mass and above the turnover mass. Galaxies more massive than M* ≳ 1010 M☉ have a much lower average specific star formation rate (sSFR) than would be expected by simply extrapolating the traditional linear fit to the main sequence found for less massive galaxies.
Bortezomib-Associated Demyelinating Neuropathy—Clinical and Pathologic Features

Objectives: Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor that is frequently used for multiple myeloma and lymphoma. A sensory predominant axonal neuropathy is associated with bortezomib treatment but a demyelinating neuropathy is also described primarily based on electrodiagnostic findings. We report a series of patients treated with bortezomib who developed peripheral neuropathy and were found to have demyelinating features on electrodiagnostic testing. Methods: Four patients who developed a bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy underwent electrophysiological testing, and 1 patient had a nerve biopsy. Results: The four patients with bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy had demyelinating features on their electrophysiological testing. The nerve biopsy performed in 1 patient demonstrated a demyelinating component in a background of axonal degeneration. Conclusions: Although most toxic neuropathies are symmetrical axonal neuropathies, bortezomib is part of a small list of agents that may cause a demyelinating polyneuropathy and axonal degeneration. These findings have been confirmed by nerve biopsy.
Electronic Journal of Qualitative Theory of Differential Equations

In this paper, we study the boundedness of the sublinear operators, generated by Calderón–Zygmund operators in local generalized Morrey spaces. By using these results we prove the solvability of the Dirichlet boundary value problem for a polyharmonic equation in modified local generalized Sobolev–Morrey spaces. We obtain a priori estimates for the solutions of the Dirichlet boundary value problems for the uniformly elliptic equations in modified local generalized Sobolev–Morrey spaces defined on bounded smooth domains.
The Cytogenetic Effects of Avenoxan on Allium Cepa and Its Relation with Pollen Sterility

In the present study, the cytogenetic effects of the herbicide Avenoxan on meiotic chromosomes of Allium cepa and its relation with pollen sterility were studied. The bulbs with roots of Allium cepa were treated with a series of concentrations (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%) for 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. Controls and treated plants were shown to obtain M1 generation. All the used concentrations of the herbicide Avenoxan and exposure periods caused distinct increase in the number of abnormal cells when compared with the control. The type of the abnormalities induced: chromosome stickiness, bridges, laggards, univalents, quadrivalents and micronuclei. Avenoxan also caused pollen sterility. Increase of chromosomal aberrations was accompained by increase in pollen sterility.
A Novel Cytoplasmic Dual Specificity Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Implicated in Muscle and Neuronal Differentiation (*)

Dual specificity protein tyrosine phosphatases (dsPTPs) are a subfamily of protein tyrosine phosphatases implicated in the regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In addition to hydrolyzing phosphotyrosine, dsPTPs can hydrolyze phosphoserine/threonine-containing substrates and have been shown to dephosphorylate activated MAPK. We have identified a novel dsPTP, rVH6, from rat hippocampus. rVH6 contains the conserved dsPTP active site sequence, VXVHCXGXRSXAY(L/I)M, and exhibits phosphatase activity against activated MAPK. In PC12 cells, rVH6 mRNA is induced during nerve growth factor-mediated differentiation but not during insulin or epidermal growth factor mitogenic stimulation. In MM14 muscle cells, rVH6 mRNA is highly expressed in proliferating cells and declines rapidly during differentiation. rVH6 expression correlates with the inability of fibroblast growth factor to stimulate MAPK activity in proliferating but not in differentiating MM14 cells. rVH6 protein localizes to the cytoplasm and is the first dsPTP to be localized outside the nucleus. This novel subcellular localization may expose rVH6 to potential substrates that differ from nuclear dsPTPs substrates.
Crianças com fissura labiopalatina e baixo peso ao nascimento em testes auditivos centrais

INTRODUCTION: Neurological or sensorial alterations, some of which are peripheral and/or central hearing alterations, are focused on both the people showing a low weight at birth (LW) and the presence of craniofacial malformation, such as labial palatine fissure (LPF). OBJECTIVE: Check and compare the results of hearing processing tests, Dichotic Listening Test (DLT) and Auditory Fusion Test-Revised (AFT-R) in LPF and LW children with those in children born with a normal weight and showing no LPF. METHODS: Retrospective comparative study with 73 records, in which sex, weight at birth, LPF presence/absence and the DLT and AFT-R results were verified. Three groups were formed based on the analysis of weight at birth and FLP absence/presence. RESULTS: For DLT, the Covariance Analysis did not present any difference between the groups and sexes; however the age covariant showed a statistically significant relation. Fort AFT-R, there was no difference between groups, sexes and ages. CONCLUSION: LPF AND LW children, however statistically insignificant, showed bigger modifications in the hearing processing tests in comparison with isolated LPF children and with children having neither this craniofacial malformation nor LW. It must as well be emphasized that an increase in age enhanced DDT performance.
Crediting Treatments for Good Outcomes That Would Have Happened Anyway

Background. In some patient populations, many would experience good outcomes even if untreated (described as a small baseline risk). It appears that treatments for populations with small baseline risks are perceived as more effective than those for populations with large baseline risks: in essence, treatments are credited for good outcomes that would have happened anyway. Previous research failed to control for differences in treatment effects. Objective. To evaluate if the baseline risk of developing an acute condition influences the perceived effectiveness of preventive treatments besides the genuine treatment effect. Methods. In study 1 (n = 1100) and study 2 (n = 336), general population samples were shown information that systematically differed in size of treatment effect (absolute and relative risk reduction) and the size of the baseline risk of developing a condition. In study 3, medical students (n = 110) were shown treatments that systematically differed in the size of the baseline risk of developing a condition and the type of condition to be prevented (i.e., migraines, heart disease, and pancreatic cancer). Measures included the perceived effectiveness of treatments, intentions to use these treatments, and numeracy. Results. The baseline risk of developing an acute condition influenced the perceived effectiveness of treatments (study 1: F 1,1043 = 66.17, P < 0.001; study 2: F 1,329 = 16.574, P < 0.001; study 3: F 1,98 =14.31, P < 0.001) and, in turn, intention to use the treatment (study 1: F 1,1045 = 7.12, P = 0.008). It caused treatments to be judged as unduly ineffective when the baseline risk was large and vice versa. The influence was independent of treatment effect and was not moderated by numeracy. Conclusions. Treatments for populations with a small baseline risk of developing the condition are perceived as more effective than those for populations with a large baseline risk.
Open study of topical 0.025% tretinoin in the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus. One year of therapy.

OBJECTIVE To study the use of topical tretinoin for treating vulvar lichen sclerosus. STUDY DESIGN An open, uncontrolled clinical study on 22 patients affected by histologically confirmed vulvar lichen sclerosus. Topical 0.025% tretinoin was applied once a day, five days a week, for one year. Clinical and histologic parameters were evaluated before and after therapy, and statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS Symptoms, gross appearance and histopathologic features improved in a highly significant manner (P < .001). Cutaneous side effects were observed but rapidly disappeared, and no patient left the study for this reason. Maintenance of results was observed at the 4-13-month follow-up visits. CONCLUSION Topical tretinoin seems feasible for use in the topical treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus.
The impact of the type and configuration of abutments and their (repeated) removal on the attachment level and marginal bone.

PURPOSE The quality and stability of the soft tissue-implant interface is most likely of paramount importance for the preservation of marginal bone and for the long-term prognosis of oral implants. The aim of the present review was to screen existing data in the literature concerning the influence of transmucosal components' composition, type, design and disconnection on peri-implant tissues. RESULTS The influence of the type of implant system (one-piece or soft tissue level implants versus two-piece or bone level implants) has been poorly studied in humans, and data from animal studies are controversial; both concepts demonstrated comparable long-term stability of peri-implant tissues. The chemical composition of abutments has been mostly studied in animals, with the conclusion that only a few materials (namely titanium, aluminium and zirconium oxides) allow the proper formation of a soft tissue interface. However, there is a severe lack of information about the clinical impact of this parameter, as well as of surface contamination of abutments. Mobility of transmucosal components has been shown to increase marginal bone loss in animals, while the influence of abutment disconnection is more controversial. Only one clinical study suggests that a 'one abutment-one time' technique preserves marginal bone. Studies investigating the influence of platform switching suggest that using an abutment narrower than the implant's platform could have a positive effect on the fate of marginal bone. But those studies are extremely heterogenous and their results controversial. CONCLUSION There is still a severe lack of information about the clinical impact of implant type, of implant/abutment connection, and of abutment composition and stability on peri-implant bone remodelling.
Meta-analyses of therapies for postmenopausal osteoporosis. II. Meta-analysis of alendronate for the treatment of postmenopausal women.

OBJECTIVE To review the effect of alendronate on bone density and fractures in postmenopausal women. DATA SOURCE We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Current Contents, and the Cochrane Controlled trials registry from 1980 to 1999, and we examined citations of relevant articles and proceedings of international meetings. STUDY SELECTION We included 11 trials that randomized women to alendronate or placebo and measured bone density for at least 1 yr. DATA EXTRACTION For each trial, three independent reviewers assessed the methodological quality and abstracted data. DATA SYNTHESIS The pooled relative risk (RR) for vertebral fractures in patients given 5 mg or more of alendronate was 0.52 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.43-0.65]. The RR of nonvertebral fractures in patients given 10 mg or more of alendronate was 0.51 (95% CI 0.38-0.69), an appreciably greater effect than for the 5 mg dose. We found a similar reduction in RR across nonvertebral fracture types; in particular, RR reductions for fractures traditionally thought to be "osteoporotic," such as hip and forearm, were very similar to RR reductions for "nonosteoporotic" fractures. Individual studies showed similar results, reflected in the P values of the test of heterogeneity (P = 0.99 for vertebral and 0.88 for nonvertebral fractures). Alendronate produced positive effects on the percentage change in bone density, which increased with both dose and time. After 3 yr of treatment with 10 mg of alendronate or more, the pooled estimate of the difference in percentage change between alendronate and placebo was 7.48% (95% CI 6.12-8.85) for the lumbar spine (2-3 yr), 5.60% (95% CI 4.80-6.39) for the hip (3-4 yr), 2.08% (95% CI 1.53-2.63) for the forearm (2-4 yr), and 2.73% (95% CI 2.27-3.20) for the total body (3 yr). Heterogeneity of the treatment effect of alendronate was not consistently explained by any of our a priori hypotheses; in particular, the effect was very similar in prevention and treatment studies. The pooled RR for discontinuing medication due to adverse effects for 5 mg or greater of alendronate was 1.15 (95% CI 0.93-1.42). The pooled RR for discontinuing medication due to gastro-intestinal (GI) side effects for 5 mg or greater was 1.03 (0.81-1.30, P = 0.83), and the pooled RR for GI adverse effects with continuation of medication was 1.03 (0.98 to 1.07) P = 0.23. CONCLUSIONS Alendronate increases bone density in both early postmenopausal women and those with established osteoporosis while reducing the rate of vertebral fracture over 2-3 yr of treatment. Reductions in nonvertebral fractures are evident among postmenopausal women without prevalent fractures and have bone mineral density (BMD) levels below the World Health Organization threshold for osteoporosis. The impact on fractures appears consistent across all fracture types, casting doubt on traditional distinctions between osteoporotic and nonosteoporotic fractures.
Comparison of Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithm Based Admission Control Strategies for UMTS System

CDMA systems have so-called soft capacity, so the total number of possible sessions has not an exact value. The capacity of CDMA system depends on the interference level in the system. There are therefore RRM (Radio Resources Management) functions, which are responsible for supplying optimum coverage, ensuring efficient use of physical resources and providing the maximum planned capacity. This paper presents and compares several algorithms that are used for admission control purposes in UMTS system. Several versions of fuzzy logic based algorithms, load factor based algorithm and genetic based algorithm are mutually compared via simulations.
Dual Targeting of Akt and mTORC1 Impairs Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks and Increases Radiation Sensitivity of Human Tumor Cells

Inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin-complex 1 (mTORC1) induces activation of Akt. Because Akt activity mediates the repair of ionizing radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DNA-DSBs) and consequently the radioresistance of solid tumors, we investigated whether dual targeting of mTORC1 and Akt impairs DNA-DSB repair and induces radiosensitization. Combining mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin with ionizing radiation in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells (H661, H460, SK-MES-1, HTB-182, A549) and in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 resulted in radiosensitization of H661 and H460 cells (responders), whereas only a very slight effect was observed in A549 cells, and no effect was observed in SK-MES-1, HTB-182 or MDA-MB-231 cells (non-responders). In responder cells, rapamycin treatment did not activate Akt1 phosphorylation, whereas in non-responders, rapamycin mediated PI3K-dependent Akt activity. Molecular targeting of Akt by Akt inhibitor MK2206 or knockdown of Akt1 led to a rapamycin-induced radiosensitization of non-responder cells. Compared to the single targeting of Akt, the dual targeting of mTORC1 and Akt1 markedly enhanced the frequency of residual DNA-DSBs by inhibiting the non-homologous end joining repair pathway and increased radiation sensitivity. Together, lack of radiosensitization induced by rapamycin was associated with rapamycin-mediated Akt1 activation. Thus, dual targeting of mTORC1 and Akt1 inhibits repair of DNA-DSB leading to radiosensitization of solid tumor cells.
Prebiotics and lipid metabolism

&NA; Prebiotics are defined as nondigestible food ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth or the activity of one or a limited number of bacteria (bifidobacteria, lactobacilli) in the colon. Dietary fructans are nutritionally interesting oligosaccharides that strictly conform to the definition of prebiotics and (in view of experimental studies in animals and of less numerous studies in humans) exhibit interesting serum or hepatic lipid lowering properties. Other nondigestible/fermentable nutrients, which also modulate intestinal flora activity, exhibit cholesterol or triglyceride lowering effects. Are changes in intestinal bacterial flora composition or fermentation activity responsible for those effects? What is the future of prebiotics in the nutritional control of lipidaemia and cardiovascular disease risk in humans? Those questions only receive partial response in the present review because studies of the systemic effects of prebiotics are still in their infancy, and require fundamental research devoted to elucidating the biochemical and physiological events that allow prebiotics to exert systemic effects on lipid metabolism.
Contour interpolation by vector-field combination.

We model the visual interpolation of missing contours by extending contour fragments under a smoothness constraint. Interpolated trajectories result from an algorithm that computes the vector sum of two fields corresponding to different unification factors: the good continuation (GC) field and the minimal path (MP) field. As the distance from terminators increases, the GC field decreases and the MP field increases. Viewer-independent and viewer-dependent variables modulate GC-MP contrast (i.e., the relative strength of GC and MP maximum vector magnitudes). Viewer-independent variables include the local geometry as well as more global properties such as contour support ratio and shape regularity. Viewer-dependent variables include the retinal gap between contour endpoints and the retinal orientation of their stems. GC-MP contrast is the only free parameter of our field model. In the case of partially occluded angles, interpolated trajectories become flatter as GC-MP contrast decreases. Once GC-MP contrast is set to a specific value, derived from empirical measures on a given configuration, the model predicts all interpolation trajectories corresponding to different types of occlusion of the same angle. Model predictions fit psychophysical data on the effects of viewer-independent and viewer-dependent variables.
Maintenance of Neospora caninum tachyzoites using Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).

Extract We would like to report the successful maintenance of Neospora caninum (NC) tachyzoites by serial passage using the peritoneal fluid of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). Since NC was first isolated from naturally infected dogs (Dubey et al., 1988), and subsequently from dogs and cattle (Cuddon et al., 1992; Conrad et al., 1993; Barber et al., 1997; Yamane et al., 1997), it has only been maintained by tissue culture, because it could not be maintained in vivo.
Bald mutants of Streptomyces griseus that prematurely undergo key events of sporulation

To identify the structural defects of nonsporulating mutants of Streptomyces griseus, the wild-type strain and class III bald mutants were examined by using transmission electron microscopy, ultrasonic treatment, and fluorescence microscopy after the induction of submerged sporulation by phosphate starvation. In the wild-type strain, submerged sporulation was marked by the relatively synchronous formation of sporogenic hyphae, nucleoid segregation, deposition of sporulation septa, and subsequent thickening of the spore walls during maturation. All of the class III mutants prematurely synthesized sporulation septa and thick spore walls. The class IIIA and C mutants formed sporogenic hyphae earlier than the wild-type strain and underwent nucleoid segregation in parallel with sporulation septum formation. In the class IIIB (bld4) mutant, DNA segregation appeared to be uncoupled from septum formation. The results indicate that the class III mutants are defective in loci that are involved in the regulation of key events of Streptomyces morphogenesis.
Therapeutic targeting of Trk supresses tumor proliferation and enhances cisplatin activity in HNSCC

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a biologically aggressive disease that has been modestly impacted by improvements in therapeutic strategies. Several lines of evidence support the role of TrkB for invasion and metastasis in various solid tumor models, and we have shown an important function of this receptor in HNSCC tumor biology. Therapeutic modulation of TrkB function has been supported in the literature by the development of small molecule inhibitors (SMI) with minimal success. To assess the validity of targeting TrkB in HNSCC, we tested a novel agent, AZ64, and show significant dose and time-dependent inhibition of cellular proliferation in cell lines. Genetic studies revealed the specificity of this compound for the TrkB receptor, as exposure of cells that had genetic suppression of TrkB did not demonstrate abrogated oncogenic signaling. We next assessed the impact of AZ64 as a chemotherapy-sensitizer, and identified an enhancement of cisplatin-mediated anti-proliferation across all cell lines. We then demonstrated that AZ64 can overcome chemotherapy resistance in a novel model of cisplatin resistance in HNSCC. Modulation of the pro-oncogenic STAT3 and Src pathways was identified, suggesting molecular mechanisms of action for AZ64. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of targeting TrkB, and suggest a novel approach for the treatment of some chemotherapy-resistant HNSCC.
An evaluation of lectin‐mediated magnetic bead cell sorting for the targeted separation of enteric bacteria

Lectin‐labelled magnetic beads were assessed and compared with antisera as an alternative approach for the targeted separation and isolation of enteric bacteria. Of the 16 lectins tested against a range of bacterial species, concanavalin A (conA) showed the greatest potential. Agglutination of bacterial cells in suspension using conA and methods for effective labelling of the magnetic beads with the lectin were optimized. ConA‐labelled magnetic beads were compared with antibody‐labelled beads for recovery of bacterial cells from pure or mixed laboratory cultures and from natural populations in river water. Recovered cell populations were free from environmental impurities and a high percentage of the culturable cells was extracted. Specific cell recovery was found to be variable, but the use of lectins offers some promise as an alternative cell discriminator.