Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of removable partial dentures users treated at the Aracatuba Dental School-UNESP.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of removable partial dentures (RPD) at the Aracatuba Dental School. METHODS The study was conducted by analysing 412 clinical history of patients attended at the RPD clinics in the period from 2000 to 2007. RESULTS 412 charts were analysed: 148 (35.9%) men and 264 (64.1%) women. The mean age was 53.8 years (men) and 52.4 years (women). A total of 556 dentures were made; of these, 233 (41.90%) were maxillary and 323 (58.09%) were mandibular dentures. The most frequent Kennedy classification found was Class III (maxilla) and Class I (mandible). In the maxilla, 55% (126) of the major connectors were of the anterior-posterior palatal bar, while in the mandible, 64% (202) were the lingual bar. As regards the claps, 401 were circumferential and 318 were bar claps. CONCLUSION The mean age of the patients was 52.9 years with higher prevalence of female patients; the most frequent Kennedy's classification was Class I in mandible and Class III in maxilla; the most common major connector was anterior-posterior palatal bar for maxilla and lingual bar for mandible; the circumferential clasps were the most common retainer used in both jaws.
Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency in Serbian adults with lung diseases.

AIM Alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) is the main inhibitor of neutrophil elastase, and severe alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD) is a genetic risk factor for early-onset emphysema. Despite the relatively high prevalence of A1ATD, this condition is frequently underdiagnosed. Our aim was to determine the distribution of the A1ATD phenotypes/alleles in patients with lung diseases as well as in the Serbian population. METHODS The study included the adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (n=348), asthma (n=71), and bronchiectasis (n=35); the control was 1435 healthy blood donors. The A1ATD variants were identified by isoelectric focusing or polymerase chain reaction-mediated site-directed mutagenesis. RESULTS PiMZ heterozygotes, PiZZ homozygotes, and Z allele carriers are associated with significantly higher risk of developing COPD than healthy individuals (odds ratios 3.43, 42.42, and 5.49 respectively). The calculated prevalence of PiZZ, PiMZ, and PiSZ was higher in patients with COPD (1:202, 1:8, and 1:1243) than in the Serbian population (1:5519, 1:38, and 1:5519). CONCLUSION The high prevalence of A1ATD phenotypes/allele in our population has confirmed the necessity of screening for A1ATD in patients with COPD. On the other hand, on the basis of the estimated number of those with A1ATD among the COPD patients, it is possible to assess the diagnostic efficiency of A1ATD in the Serbian population.
Laparoscopic Appendectomy is Feasible for the Complicated Appendicitis

We reviewed the results of 339 consecutive appendectomies, including perforated appendicitis, to assess the advantages of the laparoscopic approach for acute appendicitis. Three hundred and eighty-eight patients underwent appendectomy at the Keimyung University Kyungju Dongsan Hospital between March 1994 and June 1996; 339 patients were treated using laparoscopic appendectomy (LA), and 49 patients who were treated with open appendectomy. Special emphasis was given to the results of LA in 27 patients with perforated appendicitis. The mean duration of the operating time for LA was 48.9 minutes. For six patients (1.8%), the procedure was converted to open surgery. Minor complications developed in eight patients (2.4%). There were no complications in the 27 patients with perforated appendicitis. Our experience with LA in perforated appendicitis is limited, but our results show that LA is a safe and acceptable procedure for all forms of acute appendicitis.
Comparison of lead electromagnetic model and 3D em results for helix and straight leads

This case study investigates the difference in the RF-induced power deposition (P) for helix and straight leads at 127.7 MHz obtained with the lead electromagnetic model (LEM) and direct 3D electromagnetic (EM) simulations. A large set of incident electric fields was generated in a phantom by an array of four antennas with varying spatial positions and sources. We found discrepancies between the LEM and the 3D EM results, which are up to an order of magnitude higher for the helix lead compared to the straight lead. The results are raising doubts about the applicability of the LEM method for radiofrequency (RF) induced heating of any active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exposure.
Outcome for children and young people with Early T‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treated on a contemporary protocol, UKALL 2003

We investigated the outcome for children and young people with Early T‐precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ETP‐ALL), a recently described poor prognosis sub‐group of T‐ALL, treated on a contemporary protocol, UKALL 2003. After a median follow‐up of 4 years and 10 months, the ETP sub‐group, representing 16% of T‐ALL patients, had non‐significantly inferior 5‐year event‐free survival (76·7% vs. 84·6%, P = 0·2) and overall survival (82·4% vs. 90·9%, P = 0·1), and a higher relapse rate (18·6% vs. 9·6%, P = 0·1) compared to typical T‐ALL. ETP‐ALL has an intermediate risk outcome, which does not warrant experimental treatment or first remission allogeneic transplant for the group universally.
Transition of Arrestin into the Active Receptor-binding State Requires an Extended Interdomain Hinge*

Arrestins selectively bind to the phosphorylated activated form of G protein-coupled receptors, thereby blocking further G protein activation. Structurally, arrestins consist of two domains topologically connected by a 12-residue long loop, which we term the “hinge” region. Both domains contain receptor-binding elements. The relative size and shape of arrestin and rhodopsin suggest that dramatic changes in arrestin conformation are required to bring all of its receptor-binding elements in contact with the cytoplasmic surface of the receptor. Here we use the visual arrestin/rhodopsin system to test the hypothesis that the transition of arrestin into its active receptor-binding state involves a movement of the two domains relative to each other that might be limited by the length of the hinge. We have introduced three insertions and 24 deletions in the hinge region and measured the binding of all of these mutants to light-activated phosphorylated (P-Rh*), dark phosphorylated (P-Rh), dark unphosphorylated (Rh), and light-activated unphosphorylated rhodopsin (Rh*). The addition of 1–3 extra residues to the hinge has no effect on arrestin function. In contrast, sequential elimination of 1–8 residues results in a progressive decrease in P-Rh* binding without changing arrestin selectivity for P-Rh*. These results suggest that there is a minimum length of the hinge region necessary for high affinity binding, consistent with the idea that the two domains move relative to each other in the process of arrestin transition into its active receptor-binding state. The same length of the hinge is also necessary for the binding of “constitutively active” arrestin mutants to P-Rh*, dark P-Rh, and Rh*, suggesting that the active (receptor-bound) arrestin conformation is essentially the same in both wild type and mutant forms.
Analysis of Viral and Cellular Factors Influencing Herpesvirus-Induced Nuclear Envelope Breakdown

ABSTRACT Herpesvirus nucleocapsids are translocated from their assembly site in the nucleus to the cytosol by acquisition of a primary envelope at the inner nuclear membrane which subsequently fuses with the outer nuclear membrane. This transport through the nuclear envelope requires homologs of the conserved herpesviral pUL31 and pUL34 proteins which form the nuclear egress complex (NEC). In its absence, 1,000-fold less virus progeny is produced. We isolated a UL34-negative mutant of the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (PrV), PrV-ΔUL34Pass, which regained replication competence after serial passages in cell culture by inducing nuclear envelope breakdown (NEBD) (B. G. Klupp, H. Granzow, and T. C. Mettenleiter, J. Virol. 85:8285–8292, 2011). To test whether this phenotype is unique, passaging experiments were repeated with a UL31 deletion mutant. After 60 passages, the resulting PrV-ΔUL31Pass replicated similarly to wild-type PrV. Ultrastructural analyses confirmed escape from the nucleus via NEBD, indicating an inherent genetic disposition in herpesviruses. To identify the mutated viral genes responsible for this phenotype, the genome of PrV-ΔUL34Pass was sequenced and compared to the genomes of parental PrV-Ka and PrV-ΔUL34. Targeted sequencing of PrV-ΔUL31Pass disclosed congruent mutations comprising genes encoding tegument proteins (pUL49, pUL46, pUL21, pUS2), envelope proteins (gI, pUS9), and protease pUL26. To investigate involvement of cellular pathways, different inhibitors of cellular kinases were tested. While induction of apoptosis or inhibition of caspases had no specific effect on the passaged mutants, roscovitine, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, and U0126, an inhibitor of MEK1/2, specifically impaired replication of the passaged mutants, indicating involvement of mitosis-related processes in herpesvirus-induced NEBD.
The effect of dietary fibre on the small intestines and apparent digestion in the turkey

1. In order to determine the feasibility of using high fibre diets in turkey rations, three crude fibre dietary concentrations were fed to turkey hens at three ages and performance, fibre digestibility and small intestinal morphology were determined. 2. Growth rate and feed efficiency decreased when diets contained 80 to 90 g crude fibre/kg; however, growth did not change when 60 g crude fibre/kg was fed between 1 and 4 weeks or between 6 and 8 weeks and was enhanced between 11 and 14 weeks of age. 3. Digestibilities of crude protein, fat and gross energy (GE) were depressed at fibre intakes of 80 to 90 g/kg between 1 and 4 weeks but not at later ages. Crude fibre digestibility increased with age and decreased with dietary fibre content. 4. Total small intestinal length and surface area were increased by high dietary crude fibre intake between 11 and 14 weeks. Small but inconsistent changes in the length, diameter and number of villi, villus size and area were observed in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum at the different ages as a result of feeding the different crude fibre concentrations. 5. Crude fibre can be utilised to some extent by turkeys and concentrations of 60 g fibre/kg in the diet did not result in decreased performance after 6 weeks of age.
Role of COX-2 in carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer and its relationship with tumor biological characteristics and patients' prognosis.

AIM Recent clinical epidemiological studies have demonstrated the preventive effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) against colorectal cancer. The underlying mechanism might be the inhibition of rate-limiting enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in metabolism of arachidonic acid. The role of COX-2 in carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer and its relationship with tumor biological characteristics and patients' prognosis still remain unclear. This study was to investigate the role of COX-2 expression in carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer and its relationship with tumor biological characteristics and patients' prognosis. METHODS A total of 139 colorectal cancers and 19 adenomas surgically treated in School of Oncology, Peking University, from January 1993 to September 2001 were retrospectively studied. COX-2 expression was detected with tissue microarray (TMA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) procedure. The association between COX-2 expression and clinicopathological features and its influence on patients' prognosis were studied. RESULTS COX-2 expression was strong in colorectal cancer, moderate in adenoma and weak in normal mucosa, which demonstrated statistically significant difference (chi(2)=46.997, P<0.001). COX-2 expression had no association with clinicopathological features such as gross type, differentiation, invasion depth, vessel emboli and TNM staging. Cox proportional hazards modeling analysis and Log rank test revealed no prognostic role of COX-2 expression in colorectal cancer patients. CONCLUSION COX-2 may play an important role in the early stage of carcinogenesis, and its expression in colorectal cancer is not associated with clinicopathological features and patients' prognosis.
ibling and peer victimization in childhood and adolescence

This study examined how victimizations by either a sibling or peer are linked to each other and to mental health in childhood and adolescence. The data were from the National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence which includes a sample of children aged 3–9 (N = 1,536) and adolescents aged 10–17 (N = 1,523) gathered through telephone interviews. An adult caregiver (usually a parent) provided the information for children while self-reports were employed for adolescents. Fifteen percent of each age group reported victimization by both a sibling and peer. Victimization by a sibling alone was more common in childhood than adolescence. Victimization by a sibling was predictive of peer victimization. Children and adolescents victimized by both a sibling and peer reported the greatest mental distress. This work establishes that for some children and adolescents, victimization at the hands of other juveniles happens both at home and school. Programs should consider the role of siblings and target parents and siblings to encourage the development and maintenance of constructive sibling interactions. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PERISTALTIC VISCOELASTIC FLUID MOTION IN A TUBE

Peristaltic motion of viscoelastic incompressible fluid in an axisymmetric tube with a sinusoidal wave is studied theoretically in the case that the radius of the tube is small relative to the wavelength. Oldroyd flow has been considered in this study and the problem is formulated and analyzed using a perturbation expansion in terms of the variation of the wave number. This analysis can model the chyme movement in the small intestine by considering the chyme as an Oldroyd fluid. We found out that the pumping rate of Oldroyd fluid is less than that for a Newtonian fluid. Further, the effects of Reynolds number, Weissenberg number, amplitude ratioand wave number on the pressure rise and friction force have been discussed. It is found that the pressure rise does not depend on Weissenberg number at a certain value of flow rate. The results are studied for various values of the physical parameters of interest.
A standardised mortuary-based injury surveillance system: lessons learned from the Ibadan Nigerian trial

This study explored the challenges in establishing a mortuary-based injury surveillance system in a resource-constrained setting of Ibadan, Nigeria. To quantify and detail fatal injuries, in September 2010 to February 2011, a prospective data collection utilised the World Health Organization–Monash draft surveillance system. Findings were compared with other low- and middle-income settings, and surveillance system attributes were assessed. The leading injury mechanism among all age groups was transport related, with 45.6% being vulnerable road users, consistent with comparable settings. Fire-related injury was the second unintentional cause in the Ibadan pilot, unlike Global Burden of Disease estimates for Nigeria, Mauritius and Mexico, where drowning was the second cause. Positive system attributes included timeliness, data field completeness, specificity, flexibility and sensitivity. Despite apparent under-reporting of eligible deaths and questionable representativeness, this study illustrates potential for mortuary data to inform injury prevention policies and programmes in resource-constrained settings.
Horizontally oriented clusters of multiple chondrons in the superficial zone of ankle, but not knee articular cartilage

Osteoarthritis is a progressive disease that is initiated at the surface of articular cartilage and proceeds to destroy the entire depth of the cartilage. The prevalence of osteoarthritis varies in different joints; e.g., the ankle joint has a very low prevalence of the disease compared to the knee joint. To better understand any inherent differences between the articular cartilage of the ankle and that of the knee that would account for the difference in occurrence of osteoarthritis, studies were undertaken to examine differences between the superficial zones in these two joint cartilages obtained from human donors. Chondrocytes in the superficial zones of the normal ankle (talocrural) and the normal knee (tibiofemoral) joints were identified with a monoclonal antibody specific for the superficial zone protein (SZP). When the chondrocytes from both joints were compared in serial horizontal sections, the chondrocytes in the superficial zone of the knee cartilage were seen either as isolated single cells or as doublets. However, the chondrocytes within the superficial zone of normal ankle cartilage were arranged in planar clusters containing multiple chondrons composed of 2–13 cells. There were no detectable differences in the chondrocyte clusters in the superficial zone of the ankle with respect to age, gender, or site on the cartilage surface. Adjacent to a lesion in an ankle joint with degenerative changes, the clusters were larger, containing up to 22 chondrocytes. This is the first report documenting the presence of multiple chondrons in the superficial zone of normal human adult articular cartilage. Anat Rec 266:241–248, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ECT in the Treatment of Patients with Neurological and Somatic Disease

Objective: An evaluation of the safety and efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), for the treatment of patients with severe medical and neurological illness, was undertaken. Method: The English-language literature reporting the use of ECT in patients with neurological and somatic disease was reviewed. This review included reports describing ECT used for the treatment of affective disturbances and catatonia in patients with concurrent neurological or somatic disease, as well as reports dealing with the efficacy of ECT for the treatment of certain neurological conditions for which it has been reported to have some benefit independent of its psychiatric effect. Conclusions: ECT is safe and effective for the treatment of affective and catatonic disorders in patients with most neurological and medical diseases, including elderly and debilitated patients with multiple illnesses, if the specific medical risks are carefully evaluated in each case, and appropriate modifications of technique are used to reduce the risk of potential complications. Apart from its use in psychiatry, ECT has been reported to have therapeutic effects in Parkinson's disease, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, aggressive behavioral disorders following brain injury, certain forms of epilepsy, and some forms of delirium due to toxic or metabolic encephalopathies. The potential for ECT to play an active role in the clinical management of patients with these disorders, many of whom are presently refractory to maximal medical treatment, should be evaluated by systematic studies.
elective toxicity of dihydroartemisinin on human CD 34 + erythroid cell ifferentiation

Artemisinins are safely used in the combination therapy for uncomplicated malaria, but their employment during pregnancy is still controversial. In fact, animal studies reported that the active metabolite, dihydroartemisinin (DHA), causes embryonic erythrocytes depletion, when the treatment is performed during a critical period of time. The present study investigates the effect of DHA on human developmental erythropoiesis in order to characterize the target erythroid stage and to predict the window of susceptibility in human pregnancy. As a model for human developmental erythropoiesis, peripheral blood purified, CD34+ cells were committed towards erythrocytes and DHA (0.5 or 2 M) was added to different erythroid stages during 14 days culture. Erythroid differentiation was investigated by cytofluorimetric analysis of Glycophorin A expression, by morphological analysis and erythroid globin gene expression analysis with real-time PCR. It was found that the effect of DHA was dependent on the maturation stage of erythroid cells. In fact when DHA was added to the proand basophilic erythroblasts caused a significant dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation and a significant delay of erythroid differentiation, as measured by morphological analysis, expression of Glycophorin A by immunofluorescence and of erythroid globin genes by real-time PCR. In contrast, the inhibition of stem cells and of early progenitors was transient and masked by the subsequent exponential cell growth. No effect was observed on mature erythroid stages. This is the first demonstration that DHA affects human erythropoiesis in vitro, in a doseand time-dependent manner; the target population seems to be the pro-erythroblast and basophilic erythroblast stage, suggesting that DHA toxicity is limited to primitive human erythropoiesis. These findings outline the relevance of DHA dosage and timing to prevent embryotoxicity and support current WHO recommendations of avoiding malaria treatment with artemisinins during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Impact of short term use of interdialytic 60% ethanol lock solution on tunneled silicone catheter dysfunction.

INTRODUCTION Ethanol lock (EL) is used to reduce catheter infections, but its impact on dialysis catheter dysfunction has not been studied. METHODS We analyzed the rate of dialysis silicone catheter dysfunction after an interdialytic 60% EL in an open prospective controlled non crossover cohort study, with each patient being his or her own control. The study was divided into three consecutive 2-week periods: the pre- and post-intervention periods, in which interdialytic standard locks (SL) were used, and the intervention period, in which one EL was instilled during the first week, and two consecutively in the second week. We analyzed the rate of catheter dysfunction (exchange, use of fibrinolytic, reversing the lines, difficulty in instilling or withdrawing fluid) after EL or SL. RESULTS In 30 patients, 90 EL were instilled. The rate of catheter dysfunction increased during the EL period (2 - 13%, p < 0.001), and between the two consecutive dialysis sessions before and after EL (p < 0.05). It decreased between the two consecutive dialysis sessions after EL and the following dialysis session after an SL (p < 0.05). No catheter was removed. The urea reduction ratio did not differ in dialysis after an SL and after an EL (0.77 vs. 0.73, p = 0.17). CONCLUSION Short term EL is associated with a transient increase in catheter dysfunction, without resulting in catheter removal or decreasing dialysis efficiency.
Imagining the Impact of Different Consent Systems on Organ Donation: The Decisions of Next of Kin

Next of kin play an important role in organ donation. The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which explicitness of consent to organ donation by the deceased impacts the likelihood that next of kin will agree to organ donation of the deceased by using hypothetical cases. Results indicate that that people say they are more willing to agree to donate organs of those who explicitly consented to donate than those whose permission to donate is presumed. The degree of explicitness for the consent to donate by the deceased appears to influence the next of kin's decision about whether to agree to donation. This variation might explain the absence of differences in efficiency between various types of consent systems.