Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interventional cardiology in Switzerland 2004

Summary Background: Since 1987, a nationwide annual survey of percutaneous cardiac interventions is performed in Switzerland, which allows recognition of contemporary trends and comparison with other countries. Methods: Based on a standardised questionnaire, all adult percutaneous cardiac intervention centres in Switzerland were asked to report on the volume and the circumstances of their activities in 2004. The response rate was 100%. Data were compared with those from previous years. Results: In 2004, 35 201 coronary angiographies (CA; 2003: 33 066; + 6.5%) and 15 680 percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI; 2003: 14 235; + 10.2%) were carried out in 5 university hospitals, 9 public, non-university hospitals, and 12 private hospitals by 194 operators (75 of them performing only diagnostic studies). 86% of PCI were performed ad hoc, and 80% were single-vessel interventions. Stents were placed in 91% of PCI (2003: 88%). In 60% of stenting procedures one stent was implanted, whereas in 40% two or more stents were placed. Drug-eluting stents (DES) were used in 66% of procedures (2003: 52%). PCI for ongoing myocardial infarction, ie primary PCI or rescue PCI after failed thrombolysis, accounted for 20% of interventions. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors were used in 23% of PCI, the variability among different centres being high. Myocardial infarction after PCI was reported in 1.4% of PCI, emergency coronary artery bypass grafting was needed in 0.1% of cases, and in-hospital mortality after PCI was 0.5%. In addition to PCI, 40 mitral, 21 aortic, and 7 pulmonary balloon valvuloplasties, and 438 interventions for closure of patent foramen ovale as well as 92 interventions for closure of atrial septal defect were performed. Conclusions: The number of CA and PCI, the frequency of stent placement during PCI, and the utilisation of DES are steadily increasing in Switzerland. There is also a significantly growing number of interventions for closure of patent foramen ovale and atrial septal defect, whereas the number of balloon valvuloplasties has been more or less stable over the last years.
Ground-based monitoring of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko gas activity throughout the Rosetta mission

Simultaneously to the ESA Rosetta mission, a world-wide ground-based campaign provided measurements of the large scale activity of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko through measurement of optically active gas species and imaging of the overall dust coma. We present more than two years of observations performed with the FORS2 low resolution spectrograph at the VLT, TRAPPIST, and ACAM at the WHT. We focus on the evolution of the CN production, as a tracer of the comet activity. We find that it is asymmetric with respect to perihelion and different from that of the dust. The CN emission is detected for the first time at 1.34 au pre-perihelion and production rates then increase steeply to peak about two weeks after perihelion at (1.00±0.10) ×10 25 molecules s −1 , while the post-perihelion decrease is more shallow. The evolution of the comet activity is strongly influenced by seasonal effects, with enhanced CN production when the Southern hemisphere is illuminated.
Common Pool Problems in Voluntary Municipal Mergers

We analyze free-riding behavior of Finnish municipalities prior to voluntary municipal mergers. The merger process creates a temporary common pool problem, because of a delay from the initial decision to the actual merger during which municipalities stay autonomous. Using a difference-in-differences strategy, we find that the stronger free-riding incentive a municipality faced the more it increased its debt and spent its cash reserves. These funds were spent mostly on investments and current expenditures.
KEPLER FLARES III: STELLAR ACTIVITY ON GJ 1245A AND B

We present the flare occurrence rates and starspot evolution for GJ 1245A and B, two active M5 stars, based on nine months of Kepler short cadence observations, and four years of nearly continuous long cadence observations. The A component is separated from the B component by 7″, and the stars are not resolved in the Kepler pipeline processing due to Kepler's large plate scale of 4″ pixel−1. Analyzing the target pixel data, we have generated separate light curves for components A and B using the PyKE pixel response function modeling procedures, and note the effects of CCD saturation and nonlinear response to high-energy flares. In our sample, GJ 1245A and B exhibit an average of 3.0 and 2.6 flares per day, respectively. We introduce a new metric, Lfl/LKp, to compare the flare rates between stars, and discuss this in the context of GJ 1245A and B. Both stars exhibit starspot features that evolve on long timescales, with the slower rotating B component showing evidence of differential rotation. Intriguingly, the angular separation between the A and B component photocenters decreases during the four years of observations in a manner consistent with a shift in the position of the A photocenter due to the orbit of its unseen M8 companion (GJ 1245C), which is ∼94% less bright. Among the most detailed photometric studies of fully convective M dwarfs in a multiple system, these results provide an important constraint on stellar age–rotation–activity models.
Allelopathy: driving mechanisms governing its activity in agriculture

ABSTRACT Allelopathy determines the dynamics of plant species in different environments. Understanding this biological phenomenon could help to develop applications in both natural and agricultural systems. This review summarizes the genetic and environmental characteristics that control the production and release of allelochemicals in agroecosystems. This study highlights the current understanding of the environmental changes caused by allelochemicals and summarizes the knowledge about the mechanisms of action of these compounds. Finally, it reviews novel applications of allelopathy in agricultural production systems, including the role of allelochemicals in consortia and their potential use in no-tillage cropping systems through cover crops or mulches.
Millimeter imaging of submillimeter galaxies in the COSMOS field: redshift distribution

We present new IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer (PdBI) 1.3 mm continuum observations at similar to 1.5 `' resolution of 28 submillimeter galaxies (SMGs), previously discovered with the 870 mu m bolometer LABOCA at the APEX telescope from the central 0.7 deg(2) of the COSMOS field. Nineteen out of the 28 LABOCA sources were detected with PdBI at a greater than or similar to 3 sigma level of approximate to 1.4 mJy/beam. A combined analysis of this new sample with existing interferometrically identified SMGs in the COSMOS field yields the following results: i) greater than or similar to 15%, and possibly up to similar to 40% of single-dish detected SMGs consist of multiple sources; ii) statistical analysis of multi-wavelength counterparts to single-dish SMGs shows that only similar to 50% have real radio or IR counterparts; iii) similar to 18% of interferometric SMGs have either no multi-wavelength counterpart or only a radio-counterpart; and iv) similar to 50-70% of z greater than or similar to 3 SMGs have no radio counterparts (down to an rms of 7-12 mu Jy at 1.4 GHz). Using the exact interferometric positions to identify the multi-wavelength counterparts allows us to determine accurate photometric redshifts for these sources. The redshift distributions of the combined and the individual 1.1 mm and 870 mu m selected samples shows a higher mean and a broader width than those derived in previous studies. This study finds that on average brighter and/or mm-selected SMGs are located at higher redshifts, consistent with previous studies. The mean redshift for the 1.1 mm selected sample ((z) over bar = 3.1 +/- 0.4) is tentatively higher than that for the 870 mu m selected sample ((z) over bar = 2.6 +/- 0.4). Based on our nearly complete sample of AzTEC 1.1 mm SMGs in a 0.15 deg(2) area, we infer a higher surface density of z greater than or similar to 4 SMGs than predicted by current cosmological models. In summary, our findings imply that interferometric identifications at (sub-) millimeter wavelengths are crucial to build statistically complete and unbiased samples of SMGs.
Reference Man: Anatomical, Physiological and Metabolic Characteristics. Report of the Task Group on Reference Man ICRP Publication 23

Oxford: Pergamon 1975 pp xix + 480 price £21.50 A typical question at a scientific quiz might be: 'What is between 20 to 30 years of age weighing 70 kg, is 170 cm in height and lives in a climate with an average temperature of 10 to 20 °C? ' The answer, as the reader will probably recognize, is of course 'Reference Man', as defined in this magnificent collection of data recently published by the ICRP.
PERSUASION: INSIGHTS FROM THE SELF VALIDATION HYPOTHESIS

This article describes the basic mechanisms underlying persuasion highlighting the role of a recently discovered new process—called self-validation. Unlike previous mechanisms in attitude change that focus on primary or first-order cognition, this new process emphasizes secondary or meta-cognition. The key notion of self-validation is that generating thoughts is not sufficient for them to have an impact on judgment. Rather, one must also have confidence in them. We review research revealing that this new mechanism can account for some already established outcomes in persuasion, but by a different process than postulated previously, as well as for some new findings. Specifically, we describe how source (e.g., credibility), recipient (e.g., bodily responses), message (e.g., matching), and context (e.g., repetition) variables can influence persuasion by affecting thought-confidence. We also describe how establishing a basic mechanism such as self-validation can provide a novel framework for understanding a variety of additional phenomenon in the domain of persuasion and beyond.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE PRODUCTION AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AN EXTRACELLULAR ALKALINE PROTEASE FROM THERMO-HALO-ALKALOPHILIC LONAR LAKE BACTERIA

LONAR Lake, an impact crater located in the Buldhana district of Maharashtra State, India is occupied by saline water and harbors various unidentified, unique haloalkaliphilic bacterial bacillus species which produces thermo-halo-alkaliphilic proteases. The present study deals with the isolation, production dynamics, purification, characterization and optimization of a protease from Bacillus pseudofirmus, Cohnella thermotolerans and Bacillus odysseyi isolated and identified by 16S rRNA ribotyping from the Alkaline Lonar Lake. The Bacillus pseudofirmus, Cohnella thermotolerans and Bacillus odysseyi produced protease at maximum rate after 72 h of incubation at 37 0 C with agitation speed of 120 rpm and 5% of starter culture. The best carbon sources for this Bacillus pseudofirmus, Cohnella thermotolerans and Bacillus odysseyi were fructose, maltose, starch and lactose respectively where as the best nitrogen sources were yeast extract, soy tone and soyabean cake respectively. While the most effective inorganic nitrogen sources was ammonium carbonate for Bacillus pseudofirmus, Cohnella thermotolerans and urea for Bacillus odysseyi. Supplementation of the culture medium with amino acid L-glutamic acid for Bacillus pseudofirmus and L-glycine for Cohnella thermotolerans and Bacillus odysseyi and metal ion Mg 2+ for all the three bacillus species improved the protease production substantially. Under these conditions, newly isolated Bacillus pseudofirmus, Cohnella thermotolerans and Bacillus odysseyi strain were found to produce alkaline proteases at a maximum rate of optimum pH 10 and temperature at 75 0 C.
The Influence of Groundwater Flow on Thermal Regimes in Mountainous Terrain

Active circulation of cool groundwater in mountainous terrain can cause an advective disturbance of the thermal regime. This factor complicates interpretation of data collected in geothermal exploration programs. An isothermal free-surface model has been developed which provides qualitative insight into the nature of an advective disturbance as it is affected by topography, permeability and climate. A fully coupled model of fluid and heat transfer is being developed for quantitative study of idealized mountain hydrothermal systems.
An accurate and simple equation of state for hard disks

An equation of state for a fluid of hard disks is proposed: Z=[1−2η+(2η0−1)(η/η0)2]−1. The exact fit of the second virial coefficient and the existence of a single pole singularity at the close‐packing fraction η0 are the only requirements imposed on its construction. A comparison of the prediction of virial coefficients and of the values of the compressibility factor Z with those stemming out of other known equations of state is made. The overall performance of this very simple equation of state is quite satisfactory.
Acoustic Scene Classification by Combining Autoencoder-Based Dimensionality Reduction and Convolutional Neural Networks

Motivated by the recent success of deep learning techniques in various audio analysis tasks, this work presents a distributed sensor-server system for acoustic scene classification in urban environments based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNN). Stacked autoencoders are used to compress extracted spectrogram patches on the sensor side before being transmitted to and classified on the server side. In our experiments, we compare two state-of-theart CNN architectures subject to their classification accuracy under the presence of environmental noise, the dimensionality reduction in the encoding stage, as well as a reduced number of filters in the convolution layers. Our results show that the best model configuration leads to a classification accuracy of 75% for 5 acoustic scenes. We furthermore discuss which confusions among particular classes can be ascribed to particular sound event types, which are present in multiple acoustic scene classes.
Transcriptional Regulation of the Mouse IL-7 Receptor α Promoter by Glucocorticoid Receptor1

Expression of the IL-7R α-chain (IL-7Rα) is strictly regulated during the development and maturation of lymphocytes. Glucocorticoids (GC) have pleiotypic effects on the growth and function of lymphocytes. Although GC have been reported to induce the transcription of IL-7Rα gene in human T cells, its molecular mechanism is largely unknown. In this study, we show that GC up-regulate the levels of IL-7Rα mRNA and protein in mouse T cells. This effect does not require protein synthesis de novo, because protein synthesis inhibitors do not block the process. Mouse IL-7Rα promoter has striking homology with human and rat, containing consensus motifs of Ikaros, PU.1, and Runx1 transcription factors. In addition, a conserved noncoding sequence (CNS) of ∼270 bp was found 3.6-kb upstream of the promoter, which was designated as CNS-1. A GC receptor (GR) motif is present in the CNS-1 region. Importantly, we show by reporter assay that the IL-7Rα promoter has specific transcription activity in T cells. This activity highly depends on the PU.1 motif. Furthermore, GC treatment augments the transcriptional activity through the GR motif in the CNS-1 region. We also demonstrate that GR binds to the GR motif by EMSA. In addition, by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, we show that GR is rapidly recruited to endogenous CNS-1 chromatin after GC stimulation. These results demonstrate that GR binds to the GR motif in the CNS-1 region after GC stimulation and then activates the transcription of the IL-7Rα promoter. Thus, this study identifies the IL-7Rα CNS-1 region as a GC-responsive element.
Volatility in spanish financial markets: the recent experience

The potential negative consequences of high financial volatility have been an important concern recently. Although its empirical relevance has not been proved conclusively, clear theoretic and intuitive arguments justify this concern. Many efforts have been conducted, therefore, to determine which is the relevant concept of volatility and how to measure it, which factors explain the course it follows, and which steps should be taken in order to curb volatility. In this paper we present evidence on these issues focusing on the Spanish experience. Spanish financial markets are an interesting case study because of al least two reasons. First, although they have developed but relatively recently, they have quickly and effectively become part of the general processes of innovation, globalisation and internationalisation. And second, there have been major economic policy changes affecting the Spanish financial arena, such as the entry, in 1989, of the peseta into the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) of the European Monetary System (EMS) or the opening of derivatives markets in 1990.
Transition from dripping to jetting

We consider the critical Weber number (Wec≡ ρV20D/σ) at which the transition from dripping to jetting occurs when a Newtonian liquid of density ρ and surface tension σ is injected with a velocity V0 through a tube of diameter D downward into stagnant air, under gravity g. We extend Taylor's (1959) model for the recession speed of a free edge, and obtain in the inviscid limit an exact solution which includes gravity and inertia effects. This solution provides a criterion for the transition which is shown to occur at a critical Weber number formula here where Bo and Boo are the Bond numbers (Bo≡[ρgD2/(2σ)]1/2), respectively based on the inside and outside diameter of the tube, and K is a constant equal to 0.37 for the case of water injected in air. This critical Weber number is shown to be in good agreement with existing experimental values as well as with new measurements performed over a wide range of Bond numbers.
Mixing at Cross Junctions in Water Distribution Systems. II: Experimental Study

The present experimental study focuses on the characterization of complex mixing phenomena at pipe intersections within pressurized water distribution networks. To examine the complete mixing assumption at a cross junction, a series of experiments were conducted in the turbulent regime R10,000. The experimental setup consists of a cross junction with various sensors, pumps, and a data acquisition system to accurately measure solute concentration. Selected experimental results are compared to computational fluid dynamics CFD results. In addition, the water quality model associated with a standard water distribution network simulator EPANET was reevaluated based on CFD and experimental data. Corrections based on experimental results are incorporated into EPANET AZRED 1.0 for use in a case study. The study concludes that the complete mixing assumption can potentially create considerable errors in water quality modeling. Further, severe errors are likely to occur in systems with many cross type junctions due to bifurcation of the incoming flows.
Polybrominated diphenyl ether, polychlorinated biphenyl, and dechlorane plus concentrations in human serum, and their relationships with thyroid hormones.

Persistent halogenated organic compounds, including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and dechlorane plus (DP), were determined in human serum collected in Weifang and Nanning, China, and the relationships between their concentrations and thyroid hormone concentrations were determined. The total PBDE (Σ10PBDEs), total PCB (Σ14PCBs), and total DP (ΣDP) concentrations were higher in Weifang (medians 220, 4.3, and 2.2 ng/g lipid, respectively) than in Nanning (medians 180, 1.9, and 1.5 ng/g lipid, respectively). The donors’ ages correlated with Σ14PCBs but not with Σ10PBDEs or ΣDP in Weifang. Age positively correlated with Σ10PBDEs but not Σ14PCBs and ΣDP in Nanning. The correlations between the individual PBDE, PCB, and DP congener and thyroid hormone concentrations were analyzed by stepwise multiple linear regression after log2-transforming the variables. Triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were associated with BDE-99 concentrations and ΣDP in Weifang but with BDE-153 concentrations and Σ10PBDEs in Nanning. A positive correlation was found, for the first time, between anti-DP and free-T3 concentrations in Weifang, but free-T3 concentrations correlated with PCB-118 and PCB-170 concentrations in Nanning. Thyroxine (T4) concentrations correlated with total dioxin-like PCB concentrations in Weifang but with PCB-156 concentrations in Nanning. No significant correlations were found between the analyte and free-T4 concentrations in Weifang, but negative correlations were found between free-T4 and total dioxin-like PCB and BDE-190 concentrations in Nanning. No significant correlations were found between the analyte and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in Weifang but negative correlations were found between Σ10PBDEs and the TSH concentrations in Nanning. The correlations between the analyte and thyroid hormone concentrations followed different trends in Weifang and Nanning but were similar to those that have been found in animal and epidemiological studies.
Association of the BoLA-DRB3 alleles with estimated breeding value for somatic cell count in Polish dairy cattle

resistance to mastitis into breeding programmes for dairy cattle seems to be one of the possible methods for limiting the increasing number of mastitis cases. Looking for candidate genes for genetic markers is one of the strategies. The BoLA-DRB3 alleles have considerable promise as potential mastitis marker. The objective of the study was to evaluate relationships between two BoLA-DRB3 alleles (BoLA-DRB3.2*16 and BoLA-DRB3.2*23) and estimated breeding value (EBV) for somatic cell count (SCC) in Polish dairy cattle. A total of 525 Polish Holstein cows in two experimental farms were evaluated for test-day SCC. The polymorphism of BoLA-DRB3 gene was identified using the MPT-PCR method. The variance components for test-day SCC were estimated by the REML method using animal model. The breeding value of SCC was calculated according to the BLUP method. Linear contrast between model-adjusted breeding values of SCC for all animals was used to test for differences between genotypes. In Polish Holstein cows population BoLA allele DRB3.2*23 was associated with increase of EBV for SCC in milk. It was observed increase of EBV for SCC from cows carrying this allele comparing to cows carrying BoLA-DRB3.2*16 (p ≤0.07) or other alleles (p ≤0.01).
Exploiting Differential training in physical prevention and rehabilitation programmes for health and exercise

Background. Traditional causal modelling of health interventions tends to be linear in nature and lacks multi-disciplinarity. Consequently, strategies for exercise prescription in health maintenance are typically group based and focused on the role of a common optimal health status template towards which all individuals should aspire. Materials and Methods. In this paper we discuss inherent weaknesses of traditional methods and introduce an approach exercise training based on neurobiological system variability. The significance of neurobiological system variability in Differential Learning and Training was highlighted. Results. Our theoretical analysis revealed Differential Training as a method by which neurobiological system variability could be harnessed to facilitate health benefits of exercise training. It was observed that this approach emphasises the importance of using individualised programmes in rehabilitation and exercise, rather than group-based strategies to exercise prescription. Conclusion. Research is needed on potential benefits of Differential Training as an approach to physical rehabilitation and exercise prescription that could counteract psychological and physical effects of disease and illness in sub-elite populations. For example, enhancing the complexity and variability of movement patterns in exercise prescription programmes might alleviate effects of depression in non-athletic populations and physical effects of repetitive strain injuries experienced by athletes in elite and developing sport programmes.