Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical and radiographic outcomes of rhomboid plate in management of subcondylar fractures: prospective randomized controlled trial

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of treatment of mandibularsubcondylar fractures using three-dimensional rhombus plates versus two miniplates techniques.Patients and Methods: A total of 20 patients having subcondylar fractures indicated for open reduction and plate fixationwere recruited from Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital and Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, and randomlydivided into two equal groups. Study group was treated using three-dimensional rhombus plates, and the control groupwas treated using two miniplates (2.0): one parallel to posterior border of the mandible and the other parallel to sigmoidnotch. The clinical and radiological outcomes of the treatment such as bone fixation stability, occlusion, mandibularmovements, time of fixation, and cost of hardware were assessed and statistically analyzed.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in all comparisons except time offixation and cost of hardware, as three-dimensional rhombus plates were more costly and time saving.Conclusion: Three-dimensional rhombus plate has clinical and radiographic outcomes comparable to two miniplates,offering less operative time, with strong recommendation for high subcondylar fracture.
Clay Minerals Channels Identification in the Tindikala-Boutou Area (Eastern-Cameroon) along the Kadey River Using Direct Current (DC) Method

To achieve the current study, geoelectrical surveys along six (06) profiles of 4 km long in a 100 m × 200 m grid defined according to the triangulation principle in the Tindikala-Boutou (Eastern-Cameroon) area along the Kadey River have been made through electrical sounding and profiling following Schlumberger array. The instrument is the resistive meter Syscal Junior 48 (IRIS Instrument). The data have been processed and modelled with Res2Dinv and Winsev softwares, and then interpolated with Surfer software. Investigation method used is the Direct Current (DC) method. Interpretations and analyses of results from the investigation method highlight weak zones or conductive discontinuities. The latter has been identified as shear zones within granitic structures of the Precambrian basement, according to the geologic and tectonic background of the area. The structural trend of these shear zones is E-W approximately. The mineralization characterized by conductive zones proves the presence of clay minerals disseminated in weathered quartz vein, which cross the shear zones. The intense activities of gold washers encountered in the studied area are able to attest the presence of clay minerals concentrations.
Blood Biochemical Indices and Productivity of Broilers on Diet Supplemented with Mannan Oligosacharide, Baker Yeast, or Combined Baker Yeast and Noni Leaves Extracts

A research was carried out to study the inclusion of MOS, inactivated baker yeast or combined baker yeast and Noni leaves extracts into corn-mungbean basal diet on broilers blood biochemical indices and productivity. Lohman MB-202 day old chicks were randomly assigned into four treatment diets i.e. 1) commercial/control diet (Dc), 2) basal diet plus MOS (DM), (3) basal diet plus inactivated baker yeast (DY), (4) basal diet plus inactivated baker yeast and Noni leaves extracts (DY+L). Treatment diets and water were given ad libitum. Whole blood were sampled on day 21 for determination of hemoglobin and haematocrit, Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminases, Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminases, creatinine, lipid profile, alkaline phosphatase and lactic acid. Relative organs weight, abdominal fat, productivity were also determined. Feed intake, body weight and feed conversion of broilers fed DM, DY, DY+L were the same but they were lower than control diet (p<0.05). Serum triglyceride, GPT, creatinine, cholesterol, VLDL+LDLchol and HDLchol were significantly affected by the diets (p<0.05). No effect was found for other serum biochemical indices. For relative internal organs weight, a significant effect was found for heart, liver, ileum, duodenum and pancreas. These results were discussed in terms of the possible underlying mechanism. Our results here provide evidence that MOS, inactivated baker yeast alone or its combination with Noni leave extract could produce low serum TG, total cholesterol, VLDL+LDLchol, HDLchol and abdominal fat in broilers fed corn-mungbean basal diet with no negative effect on other serum biochemical indices.
Observing the vertical branch of the mesospheric circulation at latitude 60°N using ground‐based measurements of CO and H2O

In this report daily ground-based measurements of vertical profiles of CO and H2O from 2002 are used to trace the vertical movement of air caused by the seasonally varying mean meridional circulation. In the spring (days 100-130) the estimated ascending velocity is found to vary with time and altitude from about between 250 m/day at 65 km altitude on day 100 to a maximum of similar to 450 m/day at 85-90 km altitude on day 130. In the late summer and fall the descending velocity goes from 0 (when the downwelling starts) to similar to 250 m/day at 75 km day 280. The mesospheric adiabatic temperature changes caused by the vertical movement of air are compared to mesopause temperature as estimated by the radiance of the Meinel band OH airglow.
Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Employment Level In Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis

The early 19 th century and 20th century is marked by a salient feature of close association between the economic progress and political freedom. This close association led to the phenomenon of globalization. Poor countries seek help from the rich countries and they too help them because, they also get benefit. Foreign direct investment play a key role in economic progress and this has a direct impact on employment level in any economy. This study focuses the impact of foreign direct investment on employment level in Pakistan. Data time span is 1970-2011. The variables in the study are employment level, foreign direct investment, exchange rate and GDP per capita. The study uses Johanson Co-integration approach to analyze the long run relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The result shows the existence of long run relationship. Keywords : Employment, Investment, Multinational firms, Time Series
Foreign Direct Investment: The Case of Eastern Europe

The purpose of this study is to examine the market’s reaction to the announcement foreign direct investment in Eastern Europe for firms from various Western European countries and from Japan during the first merge wave after the Berlin Wall removal. The results indicated that there is either an insignificant negative reaction, or no consistent significant reaction to the announcements of joint ventures or direct foreign investment. U.S.S.R. seems to be the most risky of the target countries. The present conditions of uncertainty and high political economic risk appear to offset any favourable effects. The results may be period specific since there was an unusually high level of uncertainty surrounding the removal of the Wall.
Arctic sea ice decline and ice export in the CMIP 5 historical simulations

Arctic sea ice properties and Fram Strait ice export from six CMIP5 Global Climate and Earth System Models are evaluated and investigated for the period 1957–2005. Over the last decades most ensemble members simulate a decreasing September sea ice area and a slow, general thinning of the sea ice cover. While the different ensemble members both underand overestimate the decline in observed September sea ice area, none of the members reproduce the observed thinning. This study is a first attempt to evaluate the Fram Strait ice area export in the CMIP5 models, and the role it has played for Arctic sea ice area and thickness. Five of the six models evaluated reproduce the seasonal cycle and the inter-annual variance of the ice area export in the Fram Strait reasonably well. The simulated southward export of sea ice in the Fram Strait constitutes a major fraction of the Arctic sea ice in these five models; 10–18% of the sea ice covered Arctic Basin is annually exported. For the same models the year-to-year variability in Fram Strait ice volume export carries 35% of the year-to-year variability in the Arctic Basin sea ice volume. We have found low but significant correlations on inter-annual timescales between the Fram Strait ice export, both in terms of area and volume, and the Arctic Basin sea ice thickness. All six models show that an increase in ice area export leads a decrease in the sea ice thickness. This inverse relationship also holds when considering the long-term trends; the larger the increase in Fram Strait ice area export, the larger the thinning of the Arctic Basin sea ice cover and the larger the loss in the September sea ice area. The different ensemble members show both negative and positive ice export trends. Focusing on the model with the largest number of ensemble members (10), we have been able to quantify the effect of the ice area export on the Arctic Basin sea ice for this particular model. For this model an increase of the ice area export similar to the estimated trend (from NCEP) can explain almost 20% of the total simulated decline in sea ice area and thickness. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Involvement of Computational tools towards In Silico remediation - Synthetic textile dyes interacting with Azoreductase

Bacterial Azoreductase plays a critical role in breaking down the azo bond present in the textile azo dyes under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Technology is delivering a number of bioremediation strategies till date for treating synthetic organics, but these technologies are unlikely to be implemented due to their technical snags in scaling up or during technology transfer to real time scenario. Computational approaches assist us before technology transfer by predicting the nature and toxicity of the interacting ligand with the target receptor protein. Molecular docking is expansively applied in all corners of applied sciences in optimizing the significance and interaction among protein-ligands. Forty azo dyes were selected, based on their wide application in the commercial units. Docking analysis was performed using AutoDock module present inbuilt in PyRx 0.8 version. The top ten dyes with higher affinity towards the target receptor protein is represented in the form of decreasing binding energy with Ponceau MX (-8.61)>Sudan IV (-7.82)> Methyl Yellow (- 7.69)>Citrus Red 2(-7.6)>Scarlet GN(-7.38) > p-diazo violet (-7.19)> Acid Red 14 (-7.18)> Solvent Yellow 3 (-6.93)>Acid Blue 113 (-5.77)> Acid Red 88(-5.03). The findings obtained in the present study will pave avenue for system biologists to understand, comprehend and understand the theoretical mechanism and nature of interaction among azoreductase and the ligand.
Preferential Mistreatment: How Victim Status Moderates the Relationship Between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Workplace Victimization

This study investigates whether the performance of organizational citizenship behavior and three indicators of social status--hierarchical position, gender, and race--predict employees' vulnerability to being victimized by the harmful actions of others. We hypothesize that interpersonally directed organizational citizenship deflects mistreatment by others because it enhances social attractiveness and creates bonds of mutual obligation and reciprocity. However, drawing from prior research that shows that people with high social status are perceived more favorably than people with low status, we also hypothesize that benefits of organizational citizenship are more likely to accrue to employees in high, as compared to low, status groups. Data were from 448 employees of a U.S. manufacturing firm. As expected, citizenship was more strongly and negatively related to perceived victimization for whites as compared to African-Americans. However, contrary to our prediction, citizenship was more strongly related to perceived victimization among employees with low, as compared to high, hierarchical status. No moderating effect of gender was found. Implications for organizations are discussed and future research directions are offered.
Elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties of Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3- 50(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 Pb-free ceramic at the morphotropic phase boundary

There is an urgent demand for high performance Pb-free piezoelectrics to substitute for the current workhorse, the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) family. Recently, a triple point (also tricritical point) type morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in Pb-free Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-x(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 system has been reported that shows equally as excellent piezoelectricity as soft PZT at room temperature (Liu and Ren6). In the present study, we measured a full set of elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties for the MPB composition, Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-50(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 (BZT-50BCT), by using a resonance method. The resonant method gives piezoelectric properties d33 = 546 pC/N, g33 = 15.3 × 10−3 Vm/N, electromechanical coupling factor k33 = 65%, and the elastic constant s33E = 19.7 × 10−12 m2/N, c33E = 11.3 × 1010 N/m2, which are close to the properties of soft PZT (PZT-5A). Furthermore, the piezoelectric coefficients (k33, d33), the ferroelectric properties (coercive field, remnant polarization), and the elastic .
Eutherian tarsals from the late Paleocene of Brazil. American Museum novitates ; no. 2761

Disassociated eutherian proximal tarsals (astragalus, calcaneum) from Riochican (late Paleocene) fissure fills near Sao Jose de Itaborai, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, are described and, where feasible, are assigned to dental species from that locality, based on predicted morphology, relative size, and relative abundance. Two cingulate xenarthrans are present; one is probably a dasypodid, whereas the other may pertain to the Glyptodontidae. Ankle specializations of Carodnia vierai are unlike those of astrapotheres and Dinocerata, but similar to those of Pyrotherium and suggest reference to the Pyrotheria; Tetragonostylops apthomasi is pedally a primitive astrapothere. Notoungulate tarsals from Itaborai, referred to Camargomendesia pristina (Henricosborniidae) and Colbertia magellanica (? Oldfieldthomasiidae), are of generalized aspect within the order, and represent a primitive morphotype from which later notoungulate families diverged. Litoptern tarsals are assigned to three species, Anisolambda prodromus, Ernestokokenia parayirunhor, and a new form; astragali and calcanea of "condylarth" aspect are referred to Lamegoia conodonta, Victorlemoinea prototypica, and Ernestokokenia protocenica. The fact that some dentally primitive taxa (including a supposed congener of a dental and tarsal condylarth) bear the diagnostic litoptern ankle specializations, whereas others, including an advanced and dentally litoptern-like form do not, heightens the problem of distinguishing the two groups as currently recognized, and indicates that the fundamental specializations of the Litoptema are postcranial, not dental. Victorlemoinea, heretofore considered a macraucheniid litoptern but probably pertaining to the new family, Sparnotheriodontidae, shares derived pedal characters with the didolodonts; among the didolodonts, Ernestokokenia protocenica, Lamegoia conodonta, and ? Didolodus sp. seem to form a natural (monophyletic) group definable by tarsal features.
Preliminary results on the effect of cluster thinning on stilbene concentration and antioxidant capacity of Vitis vinifera L. "Barbera" wine.

Introduction: Stilbenes are low molecular weight phenolics synthesized by several plants, including grapevine, with a constitutive or inducible origin. It has long been established that trans-resveratrol, the first to be discovered and the most studied compound, plays a significant antifungal role acting as a phytoalexin. Other experiments have shown its important antioxidant activity is positively involved on human health (ALARCON DE LA LASTRA et al. 2006), as well as a role in extending the lifespan of yeasts and other organisms by interacting with the sirtuin metabolism (LAMMING et al. 2004). Stilbenes are synthesized following the activation of stilbene synthase (VEZZULLI et al. 2007) by abiotic and biotic elicitors, including main fungal diseases (JEANDET et al. 1995; BAVARESCO et al. 2008). The grape variety, the environmental conditions (BAVARESCO et al. 2007, DE ANDRES DE PRADO et al. 2007) and some cultural practices affect grape and the wine stilbene concentration, and therefore site selection and cultural practices including cluster thinning (PRAJITNA et al. 2007) can be managed in order to increase the grape and wine concentrations of these beneficial metabolites. This investigation studied the influence of cluster thinning on stilbene concentration and antioxidant activity in wines from Vitis vinifera L. 'Barbera'.
What Determine Corporate Capital Structure in Developing Economies? Evidence from East African Stock Markets

The purpose of this study is to determine what factors are statistically significant influencing the corporate capital structure in East African stock markets. The study used panel dataset of 240 observations including 30 non-financial companies listed in East African stock markets such as Dar Es Salaam Stock Market (DSE), Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) and Uganda Securities Exchange (USE) for a period of 8 years (2006-2013). Using the Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSEs), the study formulated three (3) regression models for long term debt, short term debt and total debt as dependent variables for model 1, model 2 and model 3 respectively. The results shows that all independent variables used in the models (profitability, size of the firm, tangibility of firm assets, liquidity and non-debt tax shield) were statistically significant influencing corporate capital structure except non debt tax shield which proves to be statistically insignificant for short term debt. The study found that trade off theory and pecking order theory were applied in corporate capital structure decisions for the East Africa companies. Lastly the study recommends to financial managers to consider these determinants as yardstick in their capital structure decisions, regulatory authorities in East Africa stock Market such as East African securities regulatory authority (EASRA) to formulate policies relating to securities markets by taking into consideration these findings and also to researchers to conduct future researches after incorporating other variables like corporate governance structure, financial flexibility, credit rating etc. and to include other capital structure theories like agency theory which were not considered in this study. Keywords: Capital Structure, Panel Data, Developing Economies, East African Stock Markets
Development of biomaterials and their application to the preservation of fruit and vegetables

In this work aqueous sodium caseinate/chitosan (SC/CH) mixture were studied and used for edible film making The aim was to investigate the effect of SC/CH ratio on engineering properties and microstructure of the film. Solutions of SC and CH, at different concentration, were mixed in a ratio of 1:1 to obtain 16 different mixture. Rheological behaviour of homogeneous mixture and of their film have been studied. Moreover microstructure, moisture sorption adsorption behaviour, water vapour permeability and mechanical properties of film have been also investigated. The stability test highlighted that at SC/CH ratio >2 a non-homogeneous mixtures were obtained. From viscosity curves of homogeneous mixtures, at increased SC/CH ratio from 0 to 2, it has been possible hypothesize the formation of polysaccharide-protein complexes, with different molecular structure. Moreover film thickness, yellowness and greenness increased while the moisture content decreased with SC/CH ratio. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that adding sodium caseinate to chitosan reduced film rigidity and increased the order of the relaxation function. Mechanical properties confirmed the positive role of SC on elastic modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break; the different ratio of SC/CH film water vapour permeability was negatively affected .
Microsatellite markers linked to salt tolerance in rice

An advanced backcross population (BC 2F2) were developed with the parents included OM1706, ChengHui448, FR13A, Type3, Almol3 and Madhadar as the donors of salt tolerance and IR64, IR68552-55-3-2, Tequing as the recurrent parents with good quality traits. One hundred thirty BC 2F2 lines were evaluated at seedling stage in the green house at IRRI. Molecular markers associated with both qualitative and quantitative salt tolerance were identified by using 150 SSR primers. There are common markers from the BC 2F2 populations : IR64/Chenghui 448, IR64/FR13A, IR64/OM1706, NTP/FR13A, NTP/Mahakar, IR68552-55-3-2/FR13A, IR68552-55-3-2/Chenghui 448 in chromosome 1. In chromosome 9, common mapped markers were recognized in the BC 2F2 populations of IR64/Chenghui448, IR68552-55-3-2/FR13A. IR64/type3, NTP/Type3, Teqing/Almol. In chromosome 6, common mapped markers were recognized in the BC 2F2 populations of IR64/OM1706, Tequing/OM1706, IR68552-55-3-2/FR13A, IR6855255-3-2/FR13A, IR68552-55-3-2/Almol3. In chromosome 8, common mapped markers were recognized in the BC 2F2 populations of IR64/Chenghui448, IR68552-55-3-2/OM1706. In chromosome 11, common mapped markers were recognized in the BC 2F2 populations of IR64/Type3, IR68552-55-3-2/Type3, IR68552-55-3-2/OM1706, and in chromosome 3, IR64/Type 3. This is one of the first reports mentioning salt tolerance gene tagging based on SSR with advanced backcross populations (BC 2F2). IR64/ChengHui 448, IR64/OM1706 and IR64 / FR13A derived alleles nearly located at RM315, associated with stress tolerance to NaCl (EC = 18dS/m) at seedling stage, at a distance of 21.2cM, 1.9 and 0.0cM in chromosome 1. In case of IR68552-55-32/Madhukar the alleles are linked with OSR2 of chromosome 1 at a distance of 4.2cM. In the cross of IR68552-55-3-2/OM1706, the alleles are linked with RM223 in chromosome 8 at a distance 7.2cM. This suggests that quantitative trait loci on chromosomes 1 and 8 control salt tolerance at EC = 18dS/m. The identification provides the basis for developing a more efficiently for salt tolerance at 18EC among different crosses. Microsattelite markers on chromosome 1 may be used efficiently in rice breeding marker-assisted selection.
Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) and rutin (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside) protects against the functional impairment of the endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation caused by a reduction of nitric oxide availability in diabetes

The present study evaluated the beneficial effect of hydroalcoholic extract of maqui berry (Aristotelia chilensis, Elaeocarpaceae) and rutin (quercetin-3-orutinoside) against vascular reactivity impairment, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia of alloxan (alx) diabetic rats. The chronic maqui berry extract (mbe) treatment significantly corrected all the above abnormalities in diabetic rats. Rutin reduced fasting blood sugar and improved the impaired endotheliumdependent relaxations. Maqui reduced plasma levels of cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides and increased body weight of diabetic rats. Removal of the endothelium and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, NG-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) increased the phenylephrine response, and sensitivity to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) did not differ between tested groups. Maqui and rutin improved nitric oxide bioavailability, and these findings indicate that Aristotelia chilensis could be a candidate of natural medicine for diabetes.