Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Himalaya, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies Modern Education and Changing Identity Constructions in Amdo

This paper examines identity constructions of young and educated Tibetans from a socio-cultural background of nomadic pastoralism in Amdo. It is based on qualitative research conducted between 2003 and 2008, comparing two generations of educated young people from a township in the Amdo region of North-ern Sichuan in the People’s Republic of China. It examines developments in education policies and practices as well as economic developments from 2003 to 2008 and argues that identity constructions of school students and graduates need to be analysed against the background of such changes. Conceptualisations of nomad identity are linked to nomadic pastoralism, and when students return to their home communities after graduation or during school vacation, they do not fit easily into categories of being a nomad. This paper argues that in 2003, these graduates, who were a marginal group, underlined the usefulness of education for pastoral production by constructing an identity that showed them to be of use for the pastoral community. In 2008, increased school enrolment, changed attitudes towards education, and the emergence of new and alternative sources of income in pastoral regions alongside pastoralism have widened the context for identity constructions. These new attitudes are less dependent on pastoralism as the basis of identity, as acceptance of new orderings has come into place that see non-educated people as the practising pastoralists while the educated are accessing and expected to access different sources of income while remaining linked to pastoralism by their upbringing, culture, traditions and language.
Improving Outcomes for Patients with Diffuse Large B‐cell Lymphoma

Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most commonly occurring form of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in the western world. Until the mid 1990s the incidence of DLBCL increased in both sexes, across racial categories, and across all age groups except the very young, the etiology of most cases remains unknown. DLBCL is associated with an aggressive natural history, but it can be cured with combination chemotherapy regimens like cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP), which has been the mainstay of therapy for several decades. Remarkable progress has been made in understanding the biological heterogeneity of DLBCL and in improving survival for DLBCL patients with novel combinations of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Gene expression profiling (GEP) has uncovered DLBCL subtypes that have distinct clinical behaviors and prognoses, and the addition of the monoclonal antibody, rituximab, to CHOP has markedly improved outcomes. Future approaches to DLBCL management will use molecular signatures identified through GEP to provide prognostic information and to isolate therapeutic targets that are being evaluated for DLBCL patients who relapse or those with high risk disease. CA Cancer J Clin 2010;. © 2010 American Cancer Society, Inc.
The Effect of Cow Reproductive Traits on Lifetime Productivity and Longevity

— The age of first calving (AFC) is one of the most important factors that have a significant impact on cow productivity in different lactations and its whole life. A belated AFC leads to reduced reproductive performance and it is one of the main reasons for reduced longevity. Cows that calved in time period from 2001-2007 and in this time finished at least four lactations were included in the database. Data were obtained from 68841 crossbred Holstein Black and White (HM), crossbred Latvian Brown (LB), and Latvian Brown genetic resources (LBGR) cows. Cows were distributed in four groups depending on age at first calving. The longest lifespan was conducted for LBGR cows, but they were also characterized with lowest lifetime milk yield and life day milk yield. HM breed cows had the shortest lifespan, but in the lifespan of 2862.2 days was obtained in average 37916.4 kg milk accordingly 13.2 kg milk in one life day. HM breed cows were also characterized with longer calving intervals (CI) in first four lactations, but LBGR cows had the shortest CI in the study group. Age at first calving significantly affected the length of CI in different lactations (p<0.05). HM cows that first time calved >30 months old in the fourth lactation had the longest CI in all study groups (421.4 days). The LBGR cows were characterized with the shortest CI, but there was slight increase in second and third lactation. Age at first calving had a significant impact on cows’ age in each calving time. In the analysis, cow group was conducted that cows with age at first calving <24 months or in average 580.5 days at the time of fifth calving were 2156.7 days (5.9 years) old, but cows with age at first calving >30 months (932.6 days) at the time of fifth calving were 2560.9 days (7.3 years) old.
Geographically Overlapping Alzheimer's Disease Registries: Comparisons and Implications

In the medical and epidemiologic literature, a registry denotes a data base in which registrants share some common characteristic such as disease category. One criticism of registries is that they frequently collect subjects in a haphazard fashion and, hence, are “nonrepresentative of the population purportedly being represented. ” In this report, we compare two registries: an incident-based Alzheimer's Disease Patient Registry (ADPR) recruiting subjects for epidemiologic studies from a large health maintenance organization; and an Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) registry recruiting subjects for phenomenologic, biologic, and pharmacologic studies. While these registries share personnel, overlap geographically, and use similar diagnostic procedures, they differ substantially in their missions and resulting recruitment strategies. We compared these registries with respect to demographic characteristics and cognitive features at subject entry. Subjects enrolled in the incident-based registry are older and report shorter time between symptom onset and recruitment. They are less demented and mirror the general population demographically more closely than do subjects in the other registry. The ADRC registry contains a much greater proportion of subjects with higher educational attainment.
Randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of a web-based stress management program among community college students

Background and Objectives: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a web-based stress management program among community college students that focused on increasing perceived control over stressful events. Design: Students (N = 257) were randomly assigned to a Present Control Intervention or a Stress-information only comparison group. Methods: Primary outcomes were perceived stress and stress symptoms; secondary outcomes were depression and anxiety. Self-report measures were completed online at preintervention, postintervention, and three-week follow-up. Intervention effects were estimated using linear mixed models. Seventy-five percent of the sample (n = 194) completed the pretest and comprised the intent-to-treat sample. Results: Participants in the intervention group reported significant increases in present control, and significant decreases in all four primary and secondary outcome measures from baseline to postintervention and follow-up. Within-group effect sizes were small to medium at postintervention (mean d = –.34) and follow-up (mean d = –.49). The mean between-group effect size on the four outcome measures was d = . 35 at postintervention but d = . 12 at follow-up, due to unexpected decreases in distress in the comparison group. Conclusions: Our online program is a cost-effective mental health program for college students. Limitations and future direction are discussed.
Effects of resin composite components on glucosyltransferase of cariogenic bacterium.

The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of resin composite components on glucan synthesis by glucosyltransferase (GTase) derived from a cariogenic bacterium, Streptococcus sobrinus B13. The eluates from cured composites stored in 0.05 mol/L potassium phosphate buffer (KPB) (pH 6.8) for 2 weeks at 37 degrees C stimulated the formation of water-insoluble glucan, whereas those from amalgam inhibited it. This finding suggests that the eluates from the resin composites enhance GTase activity and contribute to plaque formation. In the individual resin components, a diglycidyl methacrylate and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate significantly enhanced GTase activity. However, most polymerization inhibitors and accelerators were potent inhibitors of enzyme activity. Thus, GTase stimulation by eluates from resin composites is hypothesized to be heavily dependent on the effect of the eluated resin monomers, even though the other eluting components had inhibitory effects on GTase.
HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 alleles in Japanese type 1 autoimmune hepatitis: The predisposing role of the DR4/DR8 heterozygous genotype

Objective Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic progressive liver disease. AIH is composed predominantly of type 1 in Japanese populations. The genetic and environmental factors are associated with the pathogenesis of AIH. HLA-DRB1*03:01 and *04:01 are associated with type 1 AIH in European and *04:05 in Japanese populations. Here, we conducted an HLA association study in order to find HLA alleles or haplotypes predisposing or protective for Japanese AIH. Methods HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 genotyping of 360 type 1 AIH patients and 1026 healthy controls was performed. Results The predisposing association of DRB1*04:01 (P = 0.0006, corrected P [Pc] = 0.0193, odds ratio [OR] 2.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.62–5.43), DRB1*04:05 (P = 1.89×10−21, Pc = 5.86×10−20, OR 3.41, 95% CI 2.65–4.38), and DQB1*04:01 (P = 4.66×10−18, Pc = 6.99×10−17, OR 3.89, 95% CI 2.84–5.33) and the protective association of DRB1*13:02 (P = 0.0003, Pc = 0.0080, OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.32–0.72) with Japanese type 1 AIH were observed. An association of the DR4/DR8 heterozygous genotype with Japanese AIH was identified for the first time (P = 3.12×10−9, OR 3.52, 95% CI 2.34–5.29). Susceptible diplotypes were DRB1*04:05-DQB1*04:01/DRB1*08:02-DQB1*03:02 (P = 0.0004, OR 24.77, 95% CI 1.45–424.31) and DRB1*04:05-DQB1*04:01/DRB1*08:03-DQB1*06:01 (P = 1.18×10−6, OR 10.64, 95% CI 3.19–35.46). Serum levels of Immunoglobulin G and Immunoglobulin M, International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group score, positive rate of anti-smooth muscle antibodies, and the rate of definite AIH were higher in AIH patients with DRB1*04:05 than without. Conclusions The important roles of specific combinations of DRB1 and DQB1 alleles or haplotypes in the pathogenesis of type 1 AIH were suggested. The association of DR4/DR8 heterozygous genotype suggested the pathologic importance of trans-complementing DQα-β heterodimer molecules encoded by DQA1 allele of one haplotype and the DQB1 allele of the other haplotype, as it was proposed in the HLA association studies of Type 1 diabetes.
Motives Driving the Choice of a Business Concentration: A Four-Country Study of Marketing, Accounting and Finance, and Management Undergraduates

This four-country study compares business students concentrating in marketing, accounting and finance (AF), and management with respect to five motives: lifestyle aspirations, reputational effects, relative ease of completion, career outcomes, and developmental skills. We find that, except for the developmental skills motive, the importance of different motives varies with concentration choice. Lifestyle aspirations and relative ease of completion motives tend to be generally more important to marketing than AF and management concentrators, while career outcomes are more important to AF concentrators compared with marketing and management concentrators. Comparing marketing students in the United States to their counterparts elsewhere, those in China are significantly less attracted to lifestyle aspirations, reputation, and career outcomes, while those in the United Arab Emirates show no significant differences in career outcomes or reputation compared with those from the United States. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of variations in cognitive styles of concentrations, cultural norms, and market forces between tight and loose societies, with implications for managers of educational institutions.
PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP KINERJA DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERINDEKS OLEH CGPI)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh good corporate governance terhadap kinerja perusahaan dan nilai perusahaan yang dapat dijadikan acuan manajemen dalam menggunakan tata kelola yang baik dan tepat sehingga dapat menguntungkan perusahaan secara keseluruhan. Populasi pada penelitian ini menggunakan seluruh perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dengan sampel perusahaan yang masuk dalam indeks CGPI dengan jumlah sampel 91 perusahaan. Variabel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu good corporate governance yang diproksikan dengan CGPI, kinerja perusahaan yang menggunakan proksi Return On Assets (ROA) dan Return On Equity (ROE), sedangkan nilai perusahaan menggunakan TOBIN’S Q dan Market to Book Value (MBVR). Penelitian ini menggunakan alat analisis regresi linear yang berfungsi untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara good corporate governance , kinerja perusahaan dan nilai perusahaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa good corporate governance berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan, good corporate governance berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan yang diproksikan dengan MBVR sedangkan jika diproksikan dengan TOBIN’S Q tidak berpengaruh, pengaruh kinerja perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan memberikan beberapa hasil, ROA berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap TOBIN’S Q kemudian ROE tidak berpengaruh terhadap TOBIN’S Q dan ROA serta ROE tidak berpengaruh terhadap MBVR.
The evaluation of training and development of employees: The case of a national oil and gas industry

i Dedication . iii Acknowledgements . iv Declarations . v List of Tables . xvii List of Figures . xxi Chapter One: Introduction . 1 1.0 Introduction . 1 1.1 Background and motivation of the research . 2 1.1.1 The Kirkpatrick four levels model . 3 1.2 Research Problem . 6 1.2. 1 Factors influencing training effectiveness . 6 1.2. 2 Evaluating training effectiveness . 6 1.2. 3 Evaluation at the reaction level . 7 1.2. 4 Transfer of learning . 7 1.3. 1 Insufficient and incomplete training evaluation . 7 1.3. 3 Obstacles to training evaluation . 8 1.4 Rationale of the study for Oman . 9 1.4. 1 Training evaluation in Arab countries . 9 1.5 Omani context . 10 1.5. 1 Rationale of choosing oil and gas . 11 1.5. 2 The importance of the oil and gas industry in GCC region . 14 1.5. 3 Rationale for choosing national oil and gas companies . 14 1.6 Aims and objectives . 16 1.6. 1 Research Objectives . 16 1.6. 2 Research questions . 16 1.7 Research Methodology . 17 1.8 Contributions. 18 1.9 Thesis structure . 20
Gender and family characteristics differences in work-family, family-work conflicts and stress among dual-income earners families: (an empirical analysis in cosmopolitan Lagos, Nigeria)

The study examined the significant gender and family characteristics differences in work-family conflict, family-work conflict among workers in Lagos metropolis. Employee’s perception as reflected in self reports constituted the central features of a model underlying the study, as perception is believed to be related to the individual experience. A total sample comprising 632 married dual-income earners drawn from human service oriented public and private organisations, participated in the study organisations. They consist of 119 males and 159 females from the public sector, and 141 males and 213 female from the private sector. The study was anchored on the Role-Strain Theory (Greenhaus & Beutell 1985) and Job-Demand-Control model (Karasek, 1979). Participants responded to Work-Family Conflict, Family-Work Conflict, Stress Symptom Checklist. The data collected were analyzed using Chi-square contingency analysis, independent t-test and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Result obtained showed that: (i) female workers generally reported high level of work-family conflict compared to male workers (ii) work-family conflict was higher among male workers who have at least 3 children who were above 6 years of age (iii) female workers that have family support in form of assistant of family members, house helps and support of neigbours, reported less family-work conflict (iv) work-family conflict was higher among private sector workers compared to their counterparts in the public sector. (v) Physical stress was higher among male and female in the private sector compared to male/public sector workers. Based on these findings recommendations were made on the need for organisations to mount intervention programmes that would minimize the strains occasioned by the nature of modern work structure and thereby reduce inter-role conflicts. Such as provision for flex time, on-site child care centres, paid maternal and paternal holiday and co-workers supports. Implications of the findings for future research are discussed. Keywords: Gender Difference, Family Characteristics, Work-Family Conflict, Family-Work Conflict)
Improved diabetic control in advanced heart failure patients treated with left ventricular assist devices

Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are increasingly used as therapeutic options for patients with advanced congestive heart failure (CHF), many of whom suffer from diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of restoration of normal cardiac output using LVAD support on diabetes control in patients with advanced CHF.
The side arm positional test of kinesthetic sense.

Abstract Thirty-one male subjects were tested in accordance with the three phases of this study to investigate their performance on the side arm positional test of kinesthesis. In phase I, five subjects were tested at 13 test angles on two different days. Twenty-one subjects were tested two different days on six test angles in phase II. In phase III, five subjects were tested at two test angles over a 10-day period. The findings in this study would appear to warrant the conclusions that (a) the side arm positional test was found reliable from day to day, (b) statistically significant differences in test performance were found between arms with the nondominant arm deviating less from the specific tested angle, (c) accuracy of test performance tended to improve as the size of the specific test angle increased, and (d) in most instances, test performance was more exact following practice over a 10-day period.
A New Observation of the Elliot Curve Waveform in Charge Pumping of Poly-Si TFTs

In the charge pumping (CP) measurement of poly-Si thin-film transistors (TFTs), the Elliot curve is found to be irrelevant to the flat-band voltage (Vfb) and threshold voltage (Vth) and hence does not follow the traditional MOSFET CP rule. Instead, a new correspondence between the TFT Elliot curve and device key parameters is observed. The critical onset voltages of the CP current are the threshold gate voltages for channel inversion and accumulation, which can be experimentally extracted by capacitance-voltage measurement. They are consistent with the general CP model and reduce to Vfb and Vth in MOSFETs.
Single Nucleotide Modification of VP2 Gene of Highly Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus for Effective Expression Strategy in Tobacco

Plant viral-based expression system offers an alternative tool for the expression of various target proteins via stable transformation or transient expression in plants. In transient expression strategy, generation of in vitro viral transcripts through complete linearization of the recombinant vector containing the cloned gene is crucial to ensure the success of gene expression in plants. Hence, the present study was aimed to generate a modified VP2 gene of highly virulent Infectious bursal disease virus (hvIBDV) for effective cloning and expression of VP2 protein using an engineered Potato Virus X (PVX) vector as a gene delivery system in tobacco. Single nucleotide modification was employed at the SpeI site of the VP2 gene through the substitution of adenine (A) to thymine (T) without changing the amino acid leucine. The modification had facilitated the generation of viral transcripts whereby the recombinant vector of PVX-VP2Mt was completely linearized through a single digestion at the SpeI site of the PVX vector. The modified VP2 gene was delivered and expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana via viral transcripts infection approach. Western blot analysis of plant crude extracts indicated detection of expected bands which confirmed the successful expression of a modified VP2 protein. The VP2 protein expression profile was determined by conducting a kinetic analysis analyzed by dot blot assay. The present study demonstrates the successful development of a modified VP2 gene of hvIBDV through a single nucleotide modification strategy which facilitate the expression of the VP2 protein using a Potato virus X expression system.
Exploring Gender Influence on Customer's Intention to Engage Permission-based Mobile Marketing

This study conceptualizes and tests a theoretical framework that investigates customers' intention to engage in permission-based mobile marketing communications with a firm in the hospitality sector and examines the effects of gender. The model proposes that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived trust affect attitude toward advertising, which in turn, together with perceived behavioural control over mobile communications and reference group influence, affects intention to engage in permission based mobile communications with a firm. Data is collected by the means of an online survey (n = 8,578) and analysis incorporates confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. The results support the conceptual model and show specifically that perceived usefulness of mobile communications explains a considerable amount of attitude toward advertising. Attitude was found to explain a considerable amount of the intention to receive messages from a firm. Furthermore, women are found to have a stronger relationship between mobile marketing communications with both intentions to visit and actual visits compared to men. The implications of these results are discussed, together with managerial implications, study limitations, and future research directions.