Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurship Education and Sustainable Development Goals: A literature Review and a Closer Look at Fragile States and Technology-Enabled Approaches

Entrepreneurship has the potential to reduce poverty, stimulate economic growth and boost innovation, in addition to enhancing social and environmental sustainability. In accordance with the human capital theory and previous empirical studies, it is assumed that entrepreneurship education and training (EET) directly correlates with positive entrepreneurial outcomes and therefore sustainable development. Although several scholars have attempted to review and analyze EET literature over the past decade, none of these reviews directly links EET with sustainable development or focuses on the role and status of EET (research) in less-stable areas of the world. This systematic review thus attempts to analyze recent literature to identify the extent to which EET research addresses Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The review identifies several gaps in research and practice that potentially hinder EET from adequately advancing sustainable development, including a dearth of research on fragile states and demographic diversity, limited EET access to non-university students and a general lack of focus on educational technology, progressive education approaches, and innovation in fragile countries compared to stable ones. The review also identifies challenges pertaining to EET resource constraints in fragile contexts. The paper concludes by offering insights on how educational technology could mitigate EET challenges in fragile environments to ultimately ease some barriers towards SDG advancement and provides recommendations for future research directions.
Roles of Tourism Involvement and Place Attachment in Determining Residents’ Attitudes Toward Industrial Heritage Tourism in a Resource-Exhausted City in China

An in-depth discussion of place attachment in the relationship between residents’ perceived tourism impacts and their support for tourism is still lacking. The predictor of tourism involvement in this relationship has also been underestimated and little attention has been paid to industrial heritage tourism in relation to residents’ attitudes toward tourism development. To fill this gap, we extend upon the existing studies of residents’ attitudes toward tourism with place attachment (both place identity and place dependence) and tourism involvement based on social exchange theory, attitude theory, and the theory of planned behavior. A self-administered survey was completed by 336 residents of Huangshi, a city undergoing a transition to industrial heritage tourism in China. The findings show that residents’ support for tourism is the result of a complete behavior generation process. This has gradually formed through tourism involvement, cognition, affection, and behavior intention, emphasizing the importance of participation and affective attitude in determining residents’ attitudes toward tourism. To maintain the sustainable development of industrial heritage tourism in the economic transition from an old industrial region to new sectors, local authorities should attach more importance to strengthening residents’ native emotional bonds and concentrate on how to encourage local residents to participate in tourism activities.
Misvaluation and Corporate Inventiveness

Abstract We test how market overvaluation affects corporate innovation. Estimated stock overvaluation is strongly associated with measures of innovative inventiveness (novelty, originality, and scope), as well as research and development (R&D) and innovative output (patent and citation counts). Misvaluation affects R&D more via a nonequity channel than via equity issuance. The sensitivity of innovative inventiveness to misvaluation increases with share turnover and overvaluation. The frequency of exceptionally high innovative inputs/outputs increases with overvaluation. This evidence suggests that market overvaluation may generate social value by increasing innovative output and encouraging firms to engage in “moon shots. ”
Asymmetric Returns and the Economic Content of Accruals and Investment

This study contributes to our understanding of what accruals capture and how they relate to the distribution of future returns. It examines the past and future growth components of accruals and shows that, whereas past growth is negatively associated with idiosyncratic skewness, future growth is positively associated with it. In addition, although both past and future growth are negatively associated with future returns, the association is more pronounced for past growth when volatility is lower, but for future growth when volatility is higher. The study also shows that the association between the future growth component and future returns reverses in the long run, whereas the association between past growth and future returns does not. This paper was accepted by Shivaram Rajgopal, accounting.
Pension Reform and the Long-Term Labour Force Projections in Serbia : The Application of the Cohort-Simulation Model

In 2014 the Government of Serbia has adopted a law that postponed both the minimum age for early retirement for men and women and the minimum age for old-age retirement for women. The measures were introduced in order to address high inactivity of the elderly, especially among women, while, at the same time, addressing the problem of the increasingly aging population and heavily burdened pension system. We use the Cohort Simulation Model and the Labour Force Survey data to investigate the medium- and long-term effects of the retirement reform on the projected activity rate of men and women in Serbia,. The results indicate that the activity rate of older workers would increase by 1.9 percentage points by 2026 and by 3.9 percentage points by 2060 even without the introduction of the pension reform, merely as the result in the activity trends. On the other hand, the introduction of the pension reform increases the activity rate by additional 2.2 percentage points in 2026 and by 2.9 percentage points in 2060. Additionally, the results suggest that the large gender gap in the activity rates will be significantly reduced. However, the growth of the activity rate suggests that the Europe 2020 target of 75% 20-64 activity rate will be reached in Serbia only in 2060.
Improving the accuracy of rainfall prediction using a regionalization approach and neural networks

Spatial and temporal analysis of precipitation patterns has become an intense research topic in contemporary climatology. Increasing the accuracy of precipitation prediction can have valuable results for decision-makers in a specific region. Hence, studies about precipitation prediction on a regional scale are of great importance. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been widely used in climatological applications to predict different meteorological parameters. In this study, a method is presented to increase the accuracy of neural networks in precipitation prediction in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province in Iran. For this purpose, monthly precipitation data recorded at 42 rain gauges during 1981-2012 were used. The stations were first clustered into well-defined groupings using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA), and then one separate neural network was applied to each group of stations. Another neural network model was also developed and applied to all the stations in order to measure the accuracy of the proposed model. Statistical results showed that the presented model produced better results in comparison to the second model.
How Valuable Is Market-and Firm-Specific Information for Calculating Bond Spreads in an Emerging Market?

ABSTRACT The determinants of corporate bond credit spreads are investigated in Chile as an example of an emerging market with relatively few actors and thin trading. Both market-level and firm-level factors are considered. Three models previously used to analyze the highly developed US market are applied to Chilean inflation-indexed bond trade data, and the results for the two markets are compared. The determinants found to be significant for Chile form the basis for the design of a new multifactor regression model that is used to explain Chilean bond spreads. The results are evaluated with an out-of-sample test, and the root-mean-square error is calculated to compare the model’s results with those obtained by the method commonly applied in illiquid markets by repeating the last recorded transaction for days on which no data are available. The proposed formulation is found to reduce the degree of error.
Investment and Deleveraging Financed by Dividends: Evidence from Japanese Business Groups

Examining a large sample of firms with ownership information from Japan, we find firms that belong to business groups (“keiretsu”) pay more cash dividends than non-keiretsu firms, especially when the affiliated dividend-receiving firms have better investment opportunities, are in financial distress, or have a stronger linkage to the dividend-paying firms. Using exogenous changes to taxes on corporate dividends, difference-in-differences, and falsification tests, we further establish that keiretsu firms’ dividend payouts have a causal impact on receiving firms’ investment and debt policies. Our results highlight the importance of intra-group financing, even for firms in a developed economy.
Exploring Foreign Direct Investment–Economic Growth Nexus—Empirical Evidence from Central and Eastern European Countries

This study aims to examine the link between foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and economic growth, also considering several institutional quality variables, as well as sustainable development goals (SDGs) set in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. By estimating panel data regression models for a sample of 11 Central and Eastern European countries, from 2003 to 2016, the empirical outcomes provide support for a non-linear relationship between FDI and gross domestic product per capita. Regarding institutional quality, it is found that control of corruption, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, and voice and accountability positively influence growth, while political stability and absence of violence/terrorism is not statistically significant. Moreover, SDGs such as poverty, income distribution, education, innovation, transport infrastructure, and information technology are noteworthy drivers of growth. The outcomes of panel fully modified and dynamic ordinary least squares partly confirm the findings. The panel vector error-correction model Granger causalities provide support for a short-run one-way causal association running from FDI to growth and a long-run two-way causal connection among FDI and growth. Furthermore, in the long run, unidirectional causal relationships running from each institutional quality indicator to economic growth and FDI are set out.
Gender‐Diverse Boards and Audit Fees: What Difference Does Gender Quota Legislation Make?

We investigate the effect of board (audit committee) gender diversity on audit fees in the French context. We also examine whether the relationship between the proportion of female directors and audit fees is moderated by the enactment of the gender quota law in 2011. We use the system GMM estimation approach on a matched sample of French firms listed in the SBF 120 index between 2002 and 2017. Consistent with the supply‐side perspective, we contend that female independent directors and female audit committee members, by improving board monitoring effectiveness, affect the auditor's assessment of audit risk, resulting in lower audit fees. Our findings also document that, by breaking the glass ceiling, the effectiveness of the gender quota law lies not in increasing the proportion of female insider directors, but in boosting the appointment of female independent directors and female audit committee members. Using the difference‐in‐difference approach, our results reveal that female independent directors and female audit committee members are more willing to assert their monitoring skills after the quota law, leading to lower audit fees. Moving beyond tokenism, we show that, after the quota law, the negative impact on non‐audit fees is strengthened only for female independent directors.
PENGARUH PERSEPSI ASAL NEGARA (COUNTRY OF ORIGIN) TERHADAP NIAT BELI YANG DIMEDIASI CITRA MEREK

This research was conducted in Denpasar City with a total sample of 110 samples. Determination of the sample using non-probability sampling method, namely purposive sampling. Methods of collecting data using non-behavioral observations and questionnaires. The analysis technique used is path analysis technique. Based on the results of the research conducted, it was found that perceptions of national origin had a positive and significant effect on brand image, this means that the better the perception of national origin of Oppo would improve the Oppo brand image. Perceptions of national origin have a positive and significant effect on purchase intentions. This shows consumers 'perceptions of perceptions of national origin influence consumers' buying intention towards Oppo smartphone products. Brand image has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention. This shows that the Oppo brand image has a significant influence on consumers' purchase intentions. Brand image is able to mediate the influence of perceptions of national origin on purchase intention, this means that the brand image mediates the influence of perceptions of national origin into the overall purchase intention. Keywords: perception of national origin, brand image, purchase intention
Just suppose teaching and learning became the first priority

This new research report argues that teaching and learning should regain its rightful place as the main focus of the post-compulsory education sector. [The author] was asked to explore what might happen if teaching and learning became the number one priority in the sector, as opposed to government priorities and targets with the result being an independent and inspiring report that explores the most up-to-date research in the UK. Through challenging some aspects of current practice, the report offers options that may be more effective as well as using engaging activities to help readers involve themselves in the debates.
Similarity in the Restrictiveness of Bond Covenants

Abstract We examine the economic determinants and consequences associated with the inclusion of covenants with similar levels of restrictiveness in bond contracts. Using a unique Moody’s bond covenant dataset, we develop measures that capture similarity in the restrictiveness of bond covenants relative to previously issued peer bonds. We document that the demand for similarity by issuers, their advisors and bond investors follows the predictions of sociological and economic theories. Further, consistent with similarity in covenants reducing bond investors’ information acquisition and processing costs, we show that bonds with more similar covenant restrictiveness receive lower yields at issuance. These bonds are also more likely to be held by long-term bond investors, such as insurance companies, and are characterized by greater liquidity in the secondary market, providing a partial explanation for the lower bond yields. Our results highlight the benefits of covenant similarity and suggest that the use of covenants with similar restrictiveness levels brings information acquisition and processing cost savings that may be larger than the monitoring benefits provided by covenants with more tailored features.
The Effect of Airport Self-Service Characteristics on Passengers’ Perceived Value, Satisfaction, and Behavioral Intention: Based on the SOR Model

This paper analyzes the effects of airport self-service characteristics on behavioral intention through the perceived values and satisfaction in passengers based on the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) model. For this purpose, a survey was conducted with passengers having used self-service technologies (SSTs) at Incheon International Airport. A total of 400 questionnaires were then analyzed using structural equation modeling. Four SST factors—functionality, enjoyment, customization, and convenience—were found to have significant effects on behavioral intention through the perceived values and customer satisfaction. As for the moderating effects of self-efficacy and waiting time, significant differences were found in the effects of the airport self-service characteristics. The results of this study are expected to be useful as basic data to aid strategies to develop and improve SSTs at Incheon International Airport.
Transmission Channels of Central Bank Asset Purchases in the Irish Economy

The European Central Bank (ECB) engaged in an expanded asset purchase programme (APP) from 2014 to 2018 to help achieve their primary objective of price stability. Total assets purchased over this period was over €2.5 trillion and new net purchases ended in December 2018. This paper identifies whether the ECB’s APP in Ireland operated through the portfolio rebalancing channel, the signalling channel or the lending channel. It presents a quantitative descriptive analysis of some key Irish data sets in the 2014–2018 period and uses time-series visualisation and trend analysis to identify trends and correlations. There are a number of preliminary findings. First, much downward pressure on sovereign debt yields and spreads had occurred before the APP began due to previous accommodative monetary policy and the signalling channel. Second, the corporate-sector purchase programme (CSPP) did impact on targeted bonds and may have had spill overs to non-targeted bonds. Third, the APP did not lead to much increased lending to the SME sector. Fourth, while households did engage in traditional portfolio rebalancing, Irish banks did not and were perhaps more motivated to meet their capital requirements and manage their level of reserves. This is a first step towards understanding the transmission channels of ECB policy in Ireland and more work needs to be done to detangle the transmission of the most recent APP from other factors and consider these findings in the context of theoretical models. Such work is important to help inform policy makers on enhancing the transmission mechanism to the Irish economy of the recently launched new ECB asset purchase programme from November 2019.
Alternatives in assessment in Austrian EFL classes

Diese Diplomarbeit untersucht die Leistungsbeurteilungsgewohnheiten osterreichischer Englisch-LehrerInnen. Besondere Berucksichtigung finden dabei alternative im Gegensatz zu traditionellen Leistungsbeurteilungsmethoden. Die Abgrenzung beider Leistungsbeurteilungskonzepte erfolgt dabei durch Merkmale, wie sie in der entsprechenden Forschungsliteratur zu finden sind. Der empirische Teil verfolgt einen quantitativen Ansatz. Mittels eines Online-Fragebogens sollen drei Forschungsfragen beantwortet werden. Erstens soll geklart werden, welche Leistungsbeurteilungsmethoden von osterreichischen Englisch-LehrerInnen der Sekundarstufe verwendet werden. Auserdem werden die Einstellungen der LehrerInnen gegenuber alternativer Leistungsbeurteilung erforscht. Schlieslich zielt der Fragebogen darauf ab, die Faktoren fur die Entscheidung uber den Einsatz spezifischer Leistungsbeurteilungsmethoden aufzudecken. Aus der Analyse der Daten geht hervor, dass die Mehrzahl der Englisch-LehrerInnen nach wie vor traditionelle Leistungsbeurteilung wie z.B. Tests bevorzugen. Alternative Leistungsbewertung wird eher sparlich verwendet. Grunde fur die seltene Nutzung alternativer Formen sind in erster Linie praktische Sachverhalte sowie gesetzliche Vorgaben. Dennoch zeigt die Analyse der Daten, dass obwohl meist traditionellen Formen der Vorzug gegeben wird, die LehrerInnen oft alternativer Leistungsbeurteilung mehr zutrauen als deren traditionellen Pendants.
Cryptography for Ultra-Low Power Devices

Ubiquitous computing describes the notion that computing devices will be everywhere: clothing, walls and floors of buildings, cars, forests, deserts, etc. Ubiquitous computing is becoming a reality: RFIDs are currently being introduced into the supply chain. Wireless distributed sensor networks (WSN) are already being used to monitor wildlife and to track military targets. Many more applications are being envisioned. For most of these applications some level of security is of utmost importance. Common to WSN and RFIDs are their severely limited power resources, which classify them as ultra-low power devices. Early sensor nodes used simple 8-bit microprocessors to implement basic communication, sensing and computing services. Security was an afterthought. The main power consumer is the RF-transceiver, or radio for short. In the past years specialized hardware for low-data rate and low-power radios has been developed. The new bottleneck are security services which employ computationally intensive cryptographic operations. Customized hardware implementations hold the promise of enabling security for severely power constrained devices. Most research groups are concerned with developing secure wireless communication protocols, others with designing efficient software implementations of cryptographic algorithms. There has not been a comprehensive study on hardware implementations of cryptographic algorithms tailored for ultra-low power applications. The goal of this dissertation is to develop a suite of cryptographic functions for authentication, encryption and integrity that is specifically fashioned to the needs of ultra-low power devices. This dissertation gives an introduction to the specific problems that security engineers face when they try to solve the seemingly contradictory challenge of providing lightweight cryptographic services that can perform on ultra-low power devices and shows an overview of our current work and its future direction.
An Overview of Nigerian Education Law and Policy: A Case Study of University Admission Policy (JAMB) and Impact on Youth Educational Development.

The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of the context for education law and policy making in Nigeria and its implementation on youth education. The key focus is on the laws guiding educational policy, along with a case study of the university admission policy and its impact on youth education. The work was first published in the 2018 Yearbook of Education Law in Ohio. The author of this work has always had passion for the Nigerian youth education and she wishes to seek a solution to support and boost education for the youths in Nigeria, youth education seen as currently declining due to the rigor of JAMB admission. A qualitative and quantitative approach to research was employed to seek the opinions of the educators and few of the youths affected in the system. The qualitative approach provided an insight on the history of the British and American educational policies introduced in Africa, which did not meet the needs and expectations of local Nigerian communities. As such, the government of Nigeria opted to develop its own national policy as the way forward to meet the educational needs of indigenous Nigerians. Employing both the quantitative and qualitative approach enabled the analysis and conclusion that the current implementation of policies to streamline the education system in Nigeria leaves room for improvement. The fact that many Nigerian young people leave the country to study abroad reveals a high demand for education, such that the government needs to devise solutions to make university education more reachable by the youths.