Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interactional effects of introducing the computer into phonological intervention

Phonological intervention is often aimed at resolving problems with the specific speech sounds and phonological processes that cause difficulties for the child. But part from working with these specific targets, the speech and language pathologist (SLP) can also use conscious communicative strategies, e.g. encouraging the child’s own communicative initiatives, to strengthen the child as a communicator. Previous research has showed that different intervention approaches have different effects on the interactional balance between the child and the SLP. Today, a small number of computer programs are used in intervention in children with deviant speech, especially in children with impaired hearing. Direct visual feedback is one of the virtues offered by computer technology that goes beyond what the human SLP alone can offer. Moreover, the introduction of the computer in language intervention may have positive effects on the child’s motivation. However, the effects that the introduction of the computer might have on the interaction between the child and the SLP have remained unexplored. In this study, two child-therapist pairs have been video recorded in two different therapy settings – one traditional, “tabletop”, session and one computer-assisted session. The transcribed recordings were then analysed with Initiative-Response analysis (Linell & Gustavsson, 1987). The results suggest that the introduction of a computer into the therapy room actually affects the interaction between child and therapist in some aspects. In the computer-assisted setting, the therapist is less dominant and the child takes more communicative initiatives. Hence, the interactional asymmetry is less pronounced. Moreover, the computer-assisted therapy is characterised by fewer and shorter turns between child and therapist. But even though the children generally talk less, they spend more efforts at pronouncing the targeted phonemes (or syllables/words). This study demonstrates that the computer can serve a social and educational function in the therapy setting. By directing the user (the child) through the exercises and by providing positive as well as negative feedback, the computer can shoulder the therapist’s role as “conductor” and judge in the therapy setting. The therapist is thereby relieved from tasks that are potentially face threatening to the child, and might instead focus on being a facilitator and fellow explorer in the child’s phonological progress.
Quasi‐static thermoelastic deformation in an elastic half‐space: theory and application to InSAR observations at Izu‐Oshima volcano, Japan

SUMMARY We derive closed analytical solutions for quasi-static thermoelastic deformation in response to instantaneous point and spherical heat sources in an elastic half-space. Since we can take advantage of the solutions for an infinite medium, the derivation of solutions for a semi-infinite medium is straightforward. We examine the spatial and temporal evolution of thermoelastic deformation for point and spherical heat sources. We applied the solution to a radar interferometric observation of post-eruptive deformation associated with the 1986 fissure eruption at Izu-Oshima volcano, Japan. Assuming a spherical heat source at a depth of 240 m with a volume of 1.15 × 10 7 m 3 and a temperature step 10 3 K, the predicted rate of post-eruptive ground movement agrees with the observed rate within observational errors. Also, the same parameter values allow us to compute the co-eruptive ground displacement by the effect of mass intrusion, whose amplitude is consistent with the observed height (45 m) of the newly formed cone. The derived solutions can be applied to transient ground displacements observed at active volcanoes, and allow us to evaluate the heat amount of magma intruded at very shallow depths.
Students Attitude and Interest as Correlates of Students Academic Performance in Biology in Senior Secondary School

The study examined the relationship in the studentsâ€™ attitude to Biology and studentsâ€™ interest and academic performance of student in Biology in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Students for the study were two hundred (200) SS II Biology students randomly drawn from five secondary schools in Ado Local Government Area of Ekiti State. The research design adopted was a descriptive survey research which was questionnaire based and past terminal continuous assessment results of the students involved in the study. The instruments used to collect relevant data from the students were Biology Attitudinal Scale (BAS), Biology Interest Scale (BIS) and terminal continuous assessment results. The instruments were subjected to validity and reliability mechanism. Pearson Product Moment correlation(r) statistical analysis was used to analysed the two null hypotheses formulated for the study. The findings showed that there is significant relationship in the studentsâ€™ attitude to Biology and studentsâ€™ academic performance in Biology, and the findings also revealed that there is significant relationship in the studentsâ€™ interest in Biology and studentsâ€™ academic performance in Biology. Conclusion and recommendations were also made in this paper.
Factors that associated with the academic performance of first year students at the national University of Lesotho: structural equation modelling approach

In this paper, the PLS-PM model has been estimated as to directly and indirectly identify factors that influence academic performance of the first year students at NUL. Sample used to utilise the task was 46. The estimated PLS-PM model was found stable and satisfying the SEM conditions. Several measure were established and found that 63% of variation of OWM is been explained by all those factors that are found to be significant. Also, seven factors were retained with factor loadings in the range of 0.4 to 0.81. Furthermore, the results of the discriminant analysis revealed that, 54% of female students are enrolled to the university while only 46% is for male students each year.
Microbial and fermentation profiles, losses and chemical composition of silages of buffel grass harvested at different cutting heights

The present study evaluated the microbial population, fermentation profile, losses and dry matter recovery, and chemical composition of silages of buffel grass at different cutting heights. To evaluate the microbial fermentation dynamics, the treatments resulted from a 4 × 5 factorial combination consisting of 4 cutting heights and 5 fermentation periods, in a completely randomized design with three replications. The fermentation was evaluated at the end of 1, 3, 7, 15 and 30 days. The other characteristics of silages with 30 days were evaluated following a completely randomized design with four treatments, consisting of 4 cutting heights (30, 40, 50 and 60 cm), and five replications. Fermentation period and cutting height effects and interaction between both factors were observed on the populations of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), enterobacteria and molds and yeasts. The peak of development of LAB populations was observed on the seventh day of fermentation for the heights of 40 and 50 cm, with 8.25 and 8.30 log cfu/g, respectively. The pH values of silages ranged with different cutting heights, in which at the height of 50 cm the decrease was most pronounced. However, the pH values were similar between the cutting heights at the end of 30 days of fermentation. Quadratic relationship was observed between lactic acid concentrations and cutting heights. The crude protein content behaved linearly, initially showing 128.5 g/kg DM at 30 cm, decreasing as the cutting heights increased. The neutral detergent fiber and ether extract contents increased linearly with the cutting heights. Based on microbial populations, fermentation, losses and chemical composition, it is recommended to harvest buffel grass for silage from 50 cm on.
SDSS IV MaNGA - the spatially resolved transition from star formation to quiescence

FB, RM and KM acknowledge funding from the United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). RM acknowledges support from the European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant 695671 ‘QUENCH’. AR-L acknowledges partial support from the DIULS regular project PR15143. MB was supported by NSF/AST-1517006. KB was supported by World Premier International Research Centre Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan and by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 15K17603. AW acknowledges support from a Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship. AD acknowledges support from The Grainger Foundation.
Escola de Ciências

“Our history and the history of the Earth cannot be separated. Its origins are our origins, its history is our history and its future will be our future. ” In order to substantiate the 4th principle of the International Declaration about the Rights of the Memory of the Earth (1991), it’s urgent to preserve and manage the key sites which have witnessed our Planet’s history, i.e, the geosites which constitute the Geological Heritage on its whole. To be protected these sites must be the target of a geoconservation strategy. By valuing and promoting this heritage, a part from the Natural Heritage, we contribute for its preservation and the general public reaches geosciences, therefore allowing its awareness and the need to search for the balance in the Man-Nature’s relationship. On the other hand we may also contribute for the local sustainable economic development through geotourism and
The Productivity Effects of Worker Mobility Between Heterogeneous Firms

Abstract We analyze the effect of worker inflows on establishments’ productivity, using German data. Previous studies for other countries have found positive effects of hiring workers from superior (more productive or higher paying) firms. Ranking establishments by their median wage, we find that inflows from inferior establishments seem to increase hiring establishments’ productivity. Further empirical analyses suggest our findings are due to a positive selection of such inflows from their sending establishments. These workers might have to find a better job match in order to advance their careers, an interpretation supported by the finding that the effect is driven by workers with short tenure at their previous employer. Our findings reflect the increasingly assortative pattern of worker mobility in Germany found in a related strand of literature.
Conceptual Error in Contemporary Science

Although today we consider many historical conceptions of the world naive, herein we argue that many modern abstractions used in science are equally fantastical. We argue that it would benefit progress in science to concentrate research on those objects actually found in the material world, rather than objectifying abstractions and then considering them real.
LOW BIRTH WEIGHT LIVE BIRTHS: AN INSIGHT INTO PLACENTAL PATHOLOGY

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To study various pathological changes that occurs in the placentas of low birth weight live births and to obtain probable etiological causes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty placentas of low birth weight (LBW) live births collected were studied evaluating both gross and microscopic features. RESULTS: Anemia and PIH are the most common conditions that produce LBW live births. Placental morphological changes increase in direct proportion to the severity of the disease. Membrane opacities (48%), perivillous fibrin (46%) and placental infarcts are the most commonly observed morphological changes in LBW live births. Syncytial knots (88%) and fibrinoid necrosis (88%) are the most common histological findings in severe anemia. CONCLUSION: Study of the placenta will help to understand the role of the placenta in LBW live births and may give an insight into the etiopathogenesis of intrauterine growth retardation.
Colonization of leaf litter of two aquatic macrophytes, Mayaca fluviatilis Aublet and Salvinia auriculata Aublet by aquatic macroinvertebrates in a tropical reservoir

Decomposition and colonization of S. auriculata and M. fluviatilis by macroinvertebrates were analyzed during 40 days to determine whether differences existed on colonization by aquatic macroinvertebrates of two macrophytes with distinct habits (submerged versus fluctuant). Leaf litter of S. auriculata and M. fluviatilis were incubated in 24 litter bags (12 of each species), in a small reservoir surrounded by a cerrado fragment with low level of anthropic impact. After 10, 20, 30 and 40 days, the litter bags were removed and aquatic macroinvertebrates community was analyzed. Two hundred twenty macroinvertebrates were associated with S. auriculata and 261 were associated with M. fluviatilis, identified in 24 taxa. Both macrophyte species were colonized mainly by macroinvertebrate predators. Ablabesmyia with predator and collector food mechanisms was present in all sampling. The data showed an expressive increase of abundance during the process of decomposition and a decrease at the end of the experiment, in both macrophytes. Cluster analysis permitted inference that the colonization of the leaf liter by macroinvertebrates was determinated by incubation time of leaf litter not by the habit of macrophytes (submerged or fluctuant).
Online and Blended Communities of Inquiry: Exploring the Developmental and Perceptional Differences.

This paper discusses findings of a mixed method approach to a study of the development of a community of inquiry in an online and a blended learning environment. A graduate course delivered online and in a blended format was the context of the study. Data were gathered from the Community of Inquiry Survey, transcript analysis of online discussions, and interviews with students and the course instructor. Using multiple qualitative and quantitative data sources, the goal was to explore the developmental differences of the three presences (social, teaching, and cognitive) in the community of inquiry framework and students’ perceptions of a community of inquiry. The results indicated that in both the online and blended course a community of inquiry developed and students could sense each presence. However, the findings revealed developmental differences in social and cognitive presence between the two course formats with higher perceptions in the blended course.
Wear mechanisms and in-service surface modifications of a stellite 6B Co-Cr alloy

In the present paper, the in-service wear mechanisms and cross-sectional microstructural evolution of a Stellite 6B cobalt-based alloy subjected to sliding contact conditions are analysed. The analysis is carried out using focused ion beam (FIB), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), 3D confocal profilometer and nanoindentation techniques. Samples under investigation consisted of a lip-seal adopted in a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM). In the working conditions, the lip-seal is in sliding contact with a rubber seal in a pressurised oil environment. In those conditions, an unexpected low wear resistance was observed during service. As a consequence, a long machine downtime was necessary to replace the damaged component. Results of FIB-SEM/EDS characterisation showed severe grooving due to the presence of sand (SiO2) particles embedded in the rubber seal in the contact area. In addition, three body abrasive wear is observed immediately outside the contact area. Microstructural evaluation of Stellite 6 B Co-based alloy of the cross-section also showed the presence of a nano-crystalline hardened layer with diffuse presence of stacking faults. The presence of a tribo-film with a complex structure was also clearly observed. It is concluded that wear resistance of such components could be significantly enhanced either by a proper control of abrasive contaminant particles in the lubricant oil or by introducing a proper protective coating (e.g. a thermal sprayed thick coating).
The role of life values in subjective well-being among Czech and Maltese university students

In our cross-cultural comparative study, we aimed to explore the level of subjective well-being and hierarchy of life values among Czech and Maltese university students. The links between life values and cognitive and affective components of subjective well-being were also investigated. The research sample (N = 280, aged 18 to 30 years, M = 21.9 years, SD = 2.5) consisted of 165 Czech and 115 Maltese university students, who completed the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Happiness Measure, and the Valued Living Questionnaire. The results showed that Czech and Maltese samples did not significantly differ in the levels of life satisfaction and happiness. Differences were revealed in the hierarchy of life values and in their relationship to subjective well-being in the two samples. Our study has shown that cultures might differ in the amount of importance they assign to various life values, and that cognitive and affective components of subjective well-being might be predicted by unique variables in different national samples.
Trends in Obesity Among Social Security Disability Applicants, 2007- 2013

In this article, we use data from the Social Security Administrationâ€™s Electronic Disability Collect System (EDCS) to examine obesity prevalence among adult applicants to federal disability programs from 2007 through 2013. We compare these trends to those observed for all working-age adults over the same period and provide information about the relationship between applicant obesity and the disability determination process.
Brochs and the Roman occupation of lowland Scotland

SUMMARY This paper examines previous interpretations of lowland brocks, particularly the hypothesis that they were built by mercenaries from northern Scotland and destroyed during the advance of the Roman army in the mid-2nd century AD: this view is challenged on archaeologica l grounds. An alternative approach to understanding these structures is offered: a brief examination of anthropological explanations of structural innovation suggests that the adoption of lowland brochs would have been in keeping with local architectural traditions. An attempt is then made to consider the brochs in the context of contemporary settlement, indicating that they may have been one architectural manifestation of wealth. The paper ends with a consideration of the significance of the brochs in understanding the interrelationship between the native population and the invading Roman forces, a relationship which was not static but altered with prevailing circumstances.
A BETTER REFERENCE FRAME BY USING IMPROVED PROPER MOTIONS OF SINGLE AND DOUBLE STARS

We used the satellite Hipparcos observations and the ground-based observations (made during the last century of latitude variations), as our input data. The ground-based data were obtained with 26 instruments of observatories located all over the world, and the observed stars were included in the programs used for the Earth's rotation study. Now, with these ground-based observations we can improve the Hipparcos proper motions. So, the ground-based data of mentioned stars were used here, if these stars are contained in the Hipparcos Catalogue. The goal of our investigations was to improve the proper motions in declination of stars (which were observed ground-based and from the Hipparcos Catalogue), and thus to improve the reference frame, because the Hipparcos Catalogue is the optical counterpart of the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF). There is a large number of ground-based observations per year of each of the mentioned stars. Also, the observed time intervals of these stars are usually much longer than the Hipparcos ones (the satellite mission lasted less than four years). So, it is possible to correct the Hipparcos proper motions. Our basic method (the linear flt for single stars) is adapted (the sinusoidal flt for double and multiple stars) and some results are presented here.
ON SELBERG-TYPE SQUARE MATRICES INTEGRALS

In this paper we consider Selberg-type square matrices integrals with focus on Kummer-beta types I & II integrals. For generality of the results for real normed division algebras, the generalized matrix variate Kummer-beta types I & II are dened under the abstract algebra. Then Selberg-type integrals are calculated under orthogonal transformations.
An equilibrium search model of the informal sector

We use an equilibrium search framework to model a formal- informal sector labour market where the informal sector arises endogenously. In our model large firms will be in the formal sector and pay a wage premium, while small firms are characterised by low wages and tend to be in the informal sector. Using data from the South African labour force survey we illustrate that the data is consistent with these predictions.
Jyun-Wei Huang social identity The effects of transformational leadership on the distinct aspects development of

Although transformational leadership (TFL) has been extensively investigated, the mechanism and process by which perceived TFL exerts its influence on followers’ social identification development behaviors is relatively unexplored. Accordingly, this study proposes a latent growth model based on social identity theory to address these influences. To test the proposed model, data were collected by surveying 1,501 employees of R&D departments at Taiwanese IT firms at multiple points in time over a 10-month period. Therein, we found that as employees perceived more TFL at Time 1, they were more likely to show increases in social identification development behaviors over time. Further, increases in social identification development behaviors demonstrate their positive relationship with task performance and organizational citizenship development behaviors over time. My empirical model confirms all of my proposed hypotheses, and these findings highlight that the potential dynamic consequences of organization behaviors can lead to employee career development.
Reproductive aspects of the Purple-throated Euphonia, Euphonia chlorotica (Aves: Fringillidae) in southeastern Brazil, and first record of the species nesting inside a vespiary

Despite the fact that E. chlorotica (Linnaeus, 1766) is common and widely distributed in South America, the reproductive aspects of the species are poorly documented. Here we present data on 18 active nests found from August to February, between 2007 and 2012. Nests were globular with a lateral entrance, and measured 97.9 ± 14.4 mm in outside height, 110.6 ± 11.6 mm in outside diameter, and were 4.88 ± 2.09 m above ground. They were often supported from bellow and were composed mainly of tiny dry leafs and leaflets, fine petioles, and plumed seeds, all compacted with spider web silk. Eggs were laid on consecutive days or with one day interval, and clutch size varied from 1–3 eggs (2.1 ± 0.6, n = 9 nests). Only females incubated the eggs, but both sexes were involved in nest construction and nestling attendance at similar rates. Incubation and nestling periods were 14 and 21 days, respectively, and overall nest survival probability was 5%. A vespiary used for nesting was not occupied by wasps and nest material was deposited only to form the incubatory chamber. Although nesting near wasps or bees is a widespread strategy among birds in general, nesting inside the nests of social insects is a poorly documented behavior.