Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of a Hydrophobic Residue as a Key Determinant of Fructose Transport by the Facilitative Hexose Transporter SLC2A7 (GLUT7)*

Until recently, the only facilitated hexose transporter GLUT proteins (SLC2A) known to transport fructose were GLUTs 2 and 5. However, the recently cloned GLUT7 can also transport fructose as well as glucose. Comparison of sequence alignments indicated that GLUTs 2, 5, and 7 all had an isoleucine residue at position “314” (GLUT7), whereas the non-fructose-transporting isoforms, GLUTs 1, 3, and 4, had a valine at this position. Mutation of Ile-314 to a valine in GLUT7 resulted in a loss of fructose transport, whereas glucose transport remained completely unaffected. Similar results were obtained with GLUTs 2 and 5. Energy minimization modeling of GLUT7 indicated that Ile-314 projects from transmembrane domain 7 (TM7) into the lumen of the aqueous pore, where it could form a hydrophobic interaction with tryptophan 89 from TM2. A valine residue at 314 appeared to produce a narrowing of the vestibule when compared with the isoleucine. It is proposed that this hydrophobic interaction across the pore forms a selectivity filter restricting the access of some hexoses to the substrate binding site(s) within the aqueous channel. The presence of a selectivity filter in the extracellular vestibule of GLUT proteins would allow for subtle changes in substrate specificity without changing the kinetic parameters of the protein.
The Relationship between Stock Return Volatility and Public Disclosure: The Case of Istanbul Stock Exchange Online Public Disclosure Platform

The study assumed that stock price volatility was a measure of uncertainty and uncertainty could be reduced by more, faster and costless information dissemination. With these assumptions, it examined the relationship between stock return volatility of ISE-30 index constituents and public disclosure via electronic public disclosure platform (PDP), which was introduced by Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) in 2009. From the perspective of informational asymmetries and efficient market hypothesis, it was expected that faster and costless information would reduce informational asymmetries and newly disseminated news would be reflected in stock prices instantaneously. Moreover, it was expected that old news would not be persistent on stock return volatility as they would have already been reflected in stock prices. So, the expected outcome after the introduction of PDP was a lower stock return volatility. The study employed a GARCH (1,1) methodology in order to test the impact of faster public disclosure by issuers via PDP on the volatility of the constituents of ISE30 index. It was found that old news were persistent in subsequent periods and volatility did not decline ex-post as opposed to expectations.
Consumer Information in a Market for Expert Services: Experimental Evidence

Markets for expert services are characterized by information asymmetries between experts and consumers. We analyze the effects of consumer information, where consumers suffer from either a minor or serious problem and only experts can infer the appropriate treatment. Consumer information is a noisy signal that is informative about a consumer's problem severity. In a laboratory experiment, we show that consumers are generally reluctant to accept expensive treatment recommendations, which is endorsed by good signals and fundamentally changed by bad signals. Experts condition their cheating on a consumer's risk of suffering from a serious problem if they can observe consumer information. Accordingly, experts and low-risk consumers benefit at the expense of more frequently cheated high-risk consumers. Consumer information leads to more appropriate treatments being carried out and thus superior overall welfare. In contrast to our theoretical predictions, this effect does not depend on hiding consumer information for experts.
The quality and interpretation of mammographic screening trials for women ages 40-49.

Using MEDLINE and the bibliographies of retrieved articles and reviews, we identified and systematically reviewed the quality and results of all randomized trials of mammographic screening that included women less than 50 years of age. Eight randomized trials were identified, 7 of which included women less than 50. Identified trials were assessed for the following design features: (a) method of randomization, (b) documented comparability of baseline data, (c) standardized criteria for breast cancer death, (d) blinded review of cause of death, (e) completeness of follow-up, and (f) use of an "intention to treat analysis. " The quality of trials was generally high, with a total of almost 160,000 women randomized. In women aged 40-49 at entry, the overall, absolute risk difference between those invited and those not was 0.0004 (95% CI: 0 to 0.0009). Yet, what does this mean to a 40-year-old women considering screening? If 10,000 women aged 40-49 years were screened regularly, then after a decade there would be about 4 less breast cancer deaths? Is that worthwhile? This is a difficult question, and it needs to be weighed against the problems arising from false positives and ductal carcinoma in situ. We recommend that women in this age group intending to be screened should be fully informed of these results in terms of absolute benefit.
Leading Middle Management: Consequences of Organisational Changes for Tasks and Behaviours of Middle Managers

Over the last few years, middle management has been subject to a lot of criticism and theoretical debate. This was the reason for the Dutch employer's federation to obtain more insight in what is happening with middle management in practice. Consequences of organisational changes for the tasks and behaviours of middle management were investigated. Results indicate that middle managers experienced a major shift in tasks, with an increase in tasks that concern employees. Also, organisational changes have lead to a focus on ‘soft' leadership behaviour, such as coaching. In practice however, the actual behaviour of middle managers could not be characterised as such. Furthermore, there is little evidence for the proclaimed effectiveness of coaching by middle management. The main implications for general managers are given here.
Barriers to BIM adoption: Perceptions from Australian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)

This study draws upon a questionnaire survey distributed amongst SMEs in Australia to offer an insight into the main barriers to BIM adoption within Australian SMEs. Based on analyses of 78 completed questionnaires from non-adopters, the main barriers making SMEs shy away from BIM adoption are discussed. The findings show that currently around 42% of Australian SMEs are engaged with BIM. It comes to light that lack of knowledge and resources within SMEs is not a major barrier for Australian SMEs. In essence, the main barriers stem from lack of interests of clients and subcontractors working for SMEs alongside the risks associated with an uncertain return on investment (ROI) for BIM as perceived by key players in SMEs. The study contributes to the field by providing an updated insight into the status quo of BIM in Australian SMEs and spots the main barriers to target for promoting BIM adoption across Australian SMEs.
An analysis of audit report lags in Maltese companies

Abstract This paper investigates the audit report lag (ARL) in statutory audits. It tests a number of factors that may influence the ARL in 375 Maltese companies in the years 2006–2010. A mixed-methods research methodology is adopted, whereby company financial statements over the period are examined. Extracted information, including the ARL, is subjected to statistical tests on the relationship between such ARL and six independent variables: company size, audit firm size, audit opinion, profitability, the presence of an extraordinary item, and type of industry. This is then complemented by the analysis of 12 semistructured interviews with statutory auditors. The ARL is found to be shorter in large companies, when profit figures are positive, in financial service companies, and when the audit firms are large. A longer ARL is found when the audit report is qualified and in the absence of an extraordinary item. Interviewee response is generally consistent with these results except for the relationship to ARL of the absence of an extraordinary item. ARL is also seen to vary according to the users’ perceptions of the relevance and usefulness of the financial statements. Besides confirming or otherwise the relationship of the ARL to the stated major factors, the study also brings to light the need for cooperation by both audit firms and client companies to reduce such ARL.
Detection of Cerebral Ischemia During Carotid Endarterectomy Comparison of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Somatosensory Evoked Potentials for the

Detection of Cerebral Ischemia During Carotid Endarterectomy Comparison of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Somatosensory Evoked Potentials for the Print ISSN: 0039-2499. Online ISSN: 1524-4628 Copyright © 1998 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 Stroke doi: 10.1161/01.STR. 29.10. 2032 1998;29:2032-2037 Stroke. http://stroke.ahajournals. org/content/29/10/2032 World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located on the
DNA polymerase induced by Simian virus 40.

Summary Following SV 40 infection of monkey kidney (CV-1) cells, DNA polymerase activity was induced. Enzyme formation was inhibited by cycloheximide, but not by 1-β-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine. Enhanced levels of DNA polymerase activity were also found in mouse kidney cell lines which had been transformed by SV 40. The DNA polymerases from uninfected and SV 40-infected CV-1 cells were partially purified and compared. Both enzymes required denatured DNA as primer and were similar with respect to pH optima, amount of primer required for maximal activity, kinetics of thermal denaturation, and sensitivity to inhibition by ammonium sulphate and sodium dodecyl sulphate. However, the Michaelis constant (Km ) for [3H]thymidine 5′-triphosphate of the SV 40-induced enzyme was about half that of the enzyme from uninfected cells. The Km value of DNA polymerase partially purified from SV 40-transformed mouse cells was about the same as that of the enzyme from uninfected CV-1 cells.
PENGARUH KUALITAS AUDIT, KINERJA KEUANGAN, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PADA PERUSAHAAN LQ 45 YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

This study aims to examine the influence of quality audit, financial perform, and firm size towards good corporate governance disclosurein company. The population in this study are companies LQ45 listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2011-2013. The technique of sampling uses non-random sampling method with purposive sampling method was obtained 21 companies which were the sample of the observations carried on as much as three years. The hypothesis has been tested by using multiple regression method with the SPSS version 17.0. The results show that the first hypothesis (H1) states quality audit affect good corporate governance disclosure, rejected. The second hypothesis (H2) states financial perform affect good corporate governance disclosure, rejected. The third hypothesis (H3) states firm size affect good corporate governance disclosure, accepted.
Policy Diusion and Legal Impact in Executive Compensation Disclosure: Evidence From a Natural Experiment

When, and how, private actors comply with laws and regulations are fundamental questions of governance and public policy. Flexible and complex laws and regulations force aected actors to make choices. These choices may diuse like legislative policies. This paper uses recent executive compensation regulations as a natural experiment to investigate policy diusion in implementation. This unique case avoids many identification challenges common in diusion studies. The timing of compliance depended on the timing of previously scheduled proxy reports. This allows us to observe firms which had to complete their disclosures without the benefit of having others to observe, and firms that complied later, with opportunities to see what others had done. This paper uncovers a substantial eect of having models to follow when responding to flexible regulations. It also shows that the diusion of compliance policies led to less compliance and reduced the law’s impact on behavior.
IT Applications, Financial Analyst Recommendations, and Firm Stock Market Value

This paper examines the mediating role of analyst recommendations in the effect of annual IT investment on annual abnormal stock returns. While the influence of IT on stock market value has been studied in prior literature, there is a need to better understand how stock market investors come to know about intangible assets represented by firms’ IT capabilities. In theory, since IT investments contribute to firm productivity and profitability, it could be that the stock market valuations reflect IT investments indirectly only after IT assets generate tangible performance effects. But that wouldn’t explain the immediacy of the observed relationships between IT and firm market value, nor would it explain the fact that the relationships appear even after controlling for tangible performance factors. Thus, advancing prior research on the internal perspectives of IT value creation, we take an external view and investigate the role of stock analysts in facilitating the market evaluation of firms’ IT applications. Stock analysts collect information about firms’ IT applications and provide informed recommendations to investors in the financial market. As IT applications are known for their complexity and inherent risks, stock analysts can reduce information asymmetry between the firm and investors in the financial markets, thus helping discovering the business value of IT applications. On the basis of Fortune 1000 firms between 1996 and 2007, our analysis suggests that stock analysts play an intricate mediating role in the stock market evaluation of IT applications. Analyst recommendations have a strong mediating role in the effects of enterprise IT systems (ERP and CRM) on firm market value, but a weak to insignificant mediating role in the effects of function IT systems (DSS, HR and AIS). In addition, we find that the mediating role of financial analysts for IT applications is more salient when the firm’s market environments are more uncertain and unpredictable. These findings suggest that analyst recommendations play a critical role in the stock market valuation of firms’ IT applications in situations where the value of such investments is difficult to assess.
Asymmetric multilevel STATCOM to compensate reactive power and current harmonics

A comprehensive solution to simultaneously compensate both reactive power and currents harmonics is presented for a multilevel STATic COMpensator (STATCOM). The proposed approach includes asymmetric power cells that independently compensate reactive power at fundamental frequency and cancel out the current harmonics coming from a nonlinear load. The presented analysis demonstrates that, under certain conditions, the modules aimed for harmonic cancellation require lower power than the modules that compensate the fundamental power factor. Thus, each module can be implemented with specialized power valves in order to improve the overall system performance. Simulated preliminary results confirm the correctness of the proposed approach.
Social Mobility and the Evolution of Tuberculosis

The explicit causes of the historic decline of mortality and morbidity rates of tuberculosis (TB) have not yet been clearly understood. Two different hypothesis have been proposed: a) The influence of public health programs against transmission of tuberculosis. b) The improvement of living standards, which decreased the likelihood of progression to active-TB; and Hypothesis (b) was already tested for the simple case of homogeneous population ([1]. Nevertheless, it is known that there exists a strong positive correlation between incidence of active-TB and poverty. In this work we introduce some degree of population heterogeneity. Population is divided in two classes: One is below the poverty level and the other one is above it is assumed that risk of progression to activeTB is greater in the population living below poverty level. United States data on poverty levels (measured by annual household income) [2] is used in order to approximate the time evolution of the size of the population living below poverty levels.
Preparticipation screening for the detection of cardiovascular abnormalities that may cause sudden death in competitive athletes

Preparticipation screening may prevent sudden cardiac deaths in sporting events The American Board of Medical Specialties lists sports medicine as a broad area of health care that includes: 1. exercise as an essential component of health care throughout life; 2. medical management and supervision of recreational and competitive athletes and others who exercise on a regular basis; 3. exercise for prevention and treatment of disease and injury. It combines disciplines from applied physiology to those encompassing clinical, therapeutic, and rehabilitative topics. The preventive aspects of sports medicine are coming of age. Sport is a vehicle for wellbeing and prevention and treatment of diseases, although it can sometimes also represent a risk to health in cases of unacknowledged or asymptomatic pathologies, the most dramatic resulting in sudden cardiac death (SCD) which occasionally strikes apparently healthy athletes.1,2 SCD is a most tragic event, stirring public opinion and commanding a high profile. It is rare, and identifying athletes at risk is a daunting problem. By considering the epidemiology of SCD in athletes and using preparticipation screening (PPS),3–5 as well as estimating the efficacy of instrumental investigations, adequate prevention can be implemented. Compared with the risk of sudden death in general, the incidence of sports related SCD is low—about 1 event per 100 000 adult athletes per year. The risk increases with age and is more common in men. There are striking geographical differences. In North America, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the leading cause of SCD in athletes. In Italy, the most common cause is right ventricular cardiomyopathy. In Germany, there is a high proportion of myocarditis. In China, a major cause is Marfan syndrome. In athletes younger than 35, the most common cause is almost invariably severe coronary artery disease. A primary goal for prevention should be to identify cardiac pathology …
Partner Abuse Among Women Whose Children Have Been Sexually Abused: An Exploratory Study

ABSTRACT To explore partner abuse among women in families in which a child has disclosed sexual abuse, 102 mothers completed a measure of partner abuse and the Coping Responses Inventory. Results suggest that, like women in the general population, mothers of children who have been sexually abused have often experienced partner abuse. As expected, physical abuse in a current relationship was found to be related to the use of avoidance strategies in dealing with the sexual abuse disclosure. The implications for practitioners and for future research are discussed.
Effectiveness of public report cards for improving the quality of cardiac care: the EFFECT study: a randomized trial.

CONTEXT Publicly released report cards on hospital performance are increasingly common, but whether they are an effective method for improving quality of care remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the public release of data on cardiac quality indicators effectively stimulates hospitals to undertake quality improvement activities that improve health care processes and patient outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS Population-based cluster randomized trial (Enhanced Feedback for Effective Cardiac Treatment [EFFECT]) of 86 hospital corporations in Ontario, Canada, with patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or congestive heart failure (CHF). INTERVENTION Participating hospital corporations were randomized to early (January 2004) or delayed (September 2005) feedback of a public report card on their baseline performance (between April 1999 and March 2001) on a set of 12 process-of-care indicators for AMI and 6 for CHF. Follow-up performance data (between April 2004 and March 2005) also were collected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The coprimary outcomes were composite AMI and CHF indicators based on 12 AMI and 6 CHF process-of-care indicators. Secondary outcomes were the individual process-of-care indicators, a hospital report card impact survey, and all-cause AMI and CHF mortality. RESULTS The publication of the early feedback hospital report card did not result in a significant systemwide improvement in the early feedback group in either the composite AMI process-of-care indicator (absolute change, 1.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.2% to 5.1%; P = .43) or the composite CHF process-of-care indicator (absolute change, 0.6%; 95% CI, -4.5% to 5.7%; P = .81). During the follow-up period, the mean 30-day AMI mortality rates were 2.5% lower (95% CI, 0.1% to 4.9%; P = .045) in the early feedback group compared with the delayed feedback group. The hospital mortality rates for CHF were not significantly different. CONCLUSION Public release of hospital-specific quality indicators did not significantly improve composite process-of-care indicators for AMI or CHF. TRIAL REGISTRATION http://clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00187460.
Predictors of postpartum weight change among overweight and obese women: results from the Active Mothers Postpartum study.

BACKGROUND The postpartum period may be critical for the development of midlife obesity. Identifying factors associated with postpartum weight change could aid in targeting women for healthy lifestyle interventions. METHODS Data from Active Mothers Postpartum (AMP), a study of overweight and obese postpartum women (n=450), were analyzed to determine the effect of baseline characteristics, breastfeeding, diet, physical activity, and contraception on weight change from 6 weeks to 12, 18, and 24 months postpartum. The repeated measures mixed model was used to test the association of these effects with weight change. RESULTS Although mean weight loss was modest (0.49 kg by 24 months), the range of weight change was striking (+21.5 kg to -24.5 kg, standard deviation [SD] 7.4). Controlling only for baseline weight, weight loss was associated with breastfeeding, hormonal contraception, lower junk food and greater healthy food intake, and greater physical activity. Only junk food intake and physical activity were significant after controlling for all other predictors. CONCLUSIONS Eating less healthy foods and being less physically active put overweight and obese women at risk of gaining more weight after a pregnancy.