Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post Cholecystectomy Diarrhoea-A Systematic Review

Introduction: Post-cholecystectomy diarrhoea (PCD) is probably the most distressing postoperative non-pain symptom. Its nature is not fully understood. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the prevalence, aetiology, predisposing factors and management of PCD from the past study reports. Methods: We conducted a wide ranged review of published literature on PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane library without any time limitation. Results: Twenty five studies were included. The prevalence of PCD was 9.1% (302/3306) with no significant difference between genders. The prevalence of bile acid malabsorption (BAM), the most important suggested aetiological factor, was seen in 65.5% (36/55) patients with PCD. There were no obvious predisposing factors. We found 92% (23/25) of patients with PCD responded to cholestyramine therapy. The cure rate for cholecystectomy on preoperative cholegenic diarrhoea was 54.5% (121/222). The prevalence of post-cholecystectomy new onset constipation was 7.9% (78/987). Conclusion: The aetiology of PCD is unknown and appears to be multifactorial. The BAM prevalence was only 65.5%, however 92% of PCD patients responded to cholestyramine therapy suggesting that cholestyramine therapy could also have curative effect on other unknown aetiological factors related to bile metabolism. The complexity of the aetiology of PCD is more projected by considering the curative effect of cholecystectomy on preoperative cholegenic diarrhoea, and the occurrence of post-cholecystectomy new onset constipation. However, the relationship between cholecystectomy and PCD is an undeniable fact.
The HLA System in Congenital Rubella Patients With and Without Diabetes

The HLA antigens of 173 patients with the congenital rubella syndrome (CR) are reported. Twenty-one of these patients are also clinically diabetic, and among them the frequencies of the HLA antigens DR2 and DR3 are significantly lower and higher, respectively, than in CR patients without diabetes or in controls. These data suggest that the genes that control susceptibility to type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mel-litus are necessary for the development of glucose intolerance in CR patients.
Optimal energy allocation in energy harvesting and sharing wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensors offer great advantages when monitoring the environment or industrial applications due to their flexible and fast implementation. In order to power those sensors, the use of energy harvesting to extract power from their immediate surroundings is a viable option. Even wireless energy transfer between neighboring sensors is becoming popular due to huge advances in the field. Here, we introduce a system engineering approach to model such systems. With our framework, optimization techniques can be used in order to derive policies on when and how to use the available energy in order to achieve the best possible performance. A network of energy harvesting and energy sharing sensors is investigated by means of theoretical results and illustrative simulations.
STUDIES ON ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS FROM SUBSTRATE TO EDIBLE WILD MUSHROOMS

The aim of this work was to determine the heavy metal content of the fruiting bodies of Lycoperdon perlatum and Pleurotus ostreatus and their substrate collected at various distances from a metal smelter in Dambovita County, Romania. The concentrations of Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn in the samples were determined by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry and the concentrations of Cr, Ni, Se, Cd and Pb were determined by Atomic Absorption (AA) spectrometry. The coefficient of accumulation of heavy metals was calculated and a highest accumulation of Fe , Cu and Zn from substrate was observed for all the analyzed mushrooms samples. Furthermore, a high accumulation of Pb was observed in mushrooms growing in the vicinity of the metal
Total oxidant status and bone resorption biomarkers in serum and gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periodontitis.

BACKGROUND In this study, the relationships between total oxidant status (TOS) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels and RANKL/OPG ratios in serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) are investigated in patients with chronic (CP) and generalized aggressive (GAgP) periodontitis. METHODS Thirty patients with CP, 30 patients with GAgP, and 28 periodontally healthy controls were included in the study. After clinical measurements and samplings, serum and GCF TOS, RANKL, and OPG levels were determined by a novel automatic colorimetric method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Serum and GCF TOS, RANKL, and RANKL/OPG values were higher in the periodontitis groups compared with controls, and they were also higher in the GAgP group than the CP group (except serum and GCF RANKL). Furthermore, serum and GCF OPG concentrations were lower in the periodontitis groups than in controls. Strong positive and negative correlations were observed between the periodontal parameters TOS and bone resorption biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS The present results reveal that TOS, RANKL, and RANKL/OPG values are systemically and locally increased in periodontitis and that this increase is more evident in AgP than CP. These findings further suggest that oxidative stress is closely associated with the severity of periodontitis and bone resorption biomarkers.
The antecedent roles of personal constructs and culture in the construing of psychological contracts by staff in a Czech financial services company

constructs that emerged during the interviews were developed by ‘laddering down’, as described in Section 7.2. 4, to surface more detailed meaning and ensure adequate contrast between their respective poles. For example, high-change environment that allows me to engage with new people and new technology v boring stability was laddered down to elicit opportunity to influence by implementing my own ideas and take responsibility for my own decisions v being forced to blindly follow many rules in a rigid
POTENTIAL DERMAL EXPOSURE OF FLORISTS TO FUNGICIDE RESIDUES ON FLOWERS AND RISK ASSESSMENT

Flowers are susceptible to many pests and diseases. Therefore, they can be sprayed several times during their growth considering that no MRL are set for flowers. High levels of pesticide residues potentially expose daily the florists who handle cut flowers and possibly could endanger their health. A study was carried out to evaluate the risk for florists exposed to fungicide residues during normal professional tasks. Cotton gloves were distributed to 20 florists (two pairs to each florist) and worn during two consecutive half days during normal professional tasks (from min 2 hours to max 3 hours/day) to measure their potential dermal exposure (PDE). Samples were analyzed with a multi-residue (QuEChERS) method validated by a laboratory accredited for pesticide residues and with a combination of gas and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. It appears from the results that a total of 54 fungicides with different toxicity classes were detected on cotton gloves. An average of 15.53 mg/kg fungicide residues per glove sample was measured. Six of 54 are suspected of causing cancer after prolonged or repeated exposure. Boscalid was both the active substance for which the highest maximum and average concentrations (26.21 and 3.47 mg/kg, respectively). Famoxadone had the most critical PDE (156% AOEL for the maximum concentration). As a consequence, this study leads to conclude that Belgian florists, who worked for several years and handled a large number of flowers contaminated by high concentrations of pesticide residues, are exposed daily with a potential effect on their health. This suggests that safety standards should be set for residue levels on cut flowers.
A Method Based on the Indirect Approach for Counting People in Crowded Scenes

This paper presents a method for counting people in a scene by establishing a mapping between some scene features and the number of people avoiding the complex foreground detection problem. The method is based on the use of SURF features and of an [left] [right]-SVR regressor to provide an estimate of this count. The algorithm takes specifically into account problems due to partial occlusions and to perspective.
Large-Scale Calculation of Low-Frequency-Induced Currents in High-Resolution Human Body Models

We present large-scale computations of currents induced in the human body, arising from an external low-frequency magnetic-field source. The calculations are performed using the Ex-SPFD approach; an extension of the classical SPFD approach, that can handle arbitrarily shaped magnetic-field sources and highly conductive material inside the computational domain. In order to sufficiently resolve even small organs such as the eye, very fine spatial resolution is needed. Such fine resolution results in very large systems of equations. Problems consisting of up to 200 millions of unknowns are presented
Molecular gas in the halo fuels the growth of a massive cluster galaxy at high redshift

The massive Spiderweb galaxy is surrounded by molecular gas as it goes through its formation process. A massive galaxy forming from molecular gas The most massive galaxies gather their stars by merging with smaller galaxies and by accreting gas, which is then consumed during star formation. Emonts et al. investigated the Spiderweb Galaxy, a massive galaxy in the process of forming in the early universe, seen now as it was over 10 billion years ago (see the Perspective by Hatch). Radio observations of carbon monoxide revealed large quantities of molecular gas around the galaxy. The gas is not associated with the merger process but may have been recycled from earlier phases of galaxy formation. Science, this issue p. 1128; see also p. 1102 The largest galaxies in the universe reside in galaxy clusters. Using sensitive observations of carbon monoxide, we show that the Spiderweb galaxy—a massive galaxy in a distant protocluster—is forming from a large reservoir of molecular gas. Most of this molecular gas lies between the protocluster galaxies and has low velocity dispersion, indicating that it is part of an enriched intergalactic medium. This may constitute the reservoir of gas that fuels the widespread star formation seen in earlier ultraviolet observations of the Spiderweb galaxy. Our results support the notion that giant galaxies in clusters formed from extended regions of recycled gas at high redshift.
Systematic Alterations of the Apparent Centers of Lines

Predictable stimulus-bound alterations in the apparent centers of lines were used to discriminate behavioral differences in bisection. 2 dimensions of individual differences were demonstrated in bisection that appeared to be related to cognitive control mechanisms: the well-known basic tendency for the upper segment of lines to be overestimated, and the relative influence on the apparent centers exerted by the stimulus-effects. The roles on these of minor modifications in the stimulus and of secondary factors such as practice, eye and hand dominance, sex, etc., were examined. A more basic effect was noted when the lines were bisected in a horizontal orientation—there was almost no correlation between S's performance with vertical vs horizontal lines. Even though the two main effects noted above were still present, their measures did not correlate with those of the vertical bisection. The implications of this are discussed.
Impact of Financial Leverage on Firm Performance: A Panel Data Study

The main motives of this research are to measure the impact of financial leverage (total debt, long-term debt and short-term debt) on firm performance and to assess whether firm size affects the leverage – performance relationship and how this relationship is varied from industry to industry. This study is conducted using a panel data on 24 non-financial companies of CSE50 index, listed in Chittagong Stock Exchange over the duration of 2005 to 2014. The authors have used proxy of Return on Asset, Return on Sales and Net profit margin to measure firm performance and Debt to Asset, Long-term debt to Asset and Short-term debt to Asset to measure financial leverage. Some other control variables (e.g. Size, age, tangibility, GDP growth rate, dummy variable etc.) which are expected to have major influence on firm’s performance have also been considered by the authors. Fixed effect method is used to conduct various estimations of this study. Empirical results of this paper reveal that financial leverage has significant (at 10% significance level) negative impact on firm’s performance, this result is consistent in case of both short-term and long-term leverage and in case of manufacturing firms, this impact is significant but it is insignificant for service oriented firms.
Isolation and transplantation of multipotential populations of epidermal growth factor–responsive, neural progenitor cells from the canine brain

Glial cell transplantation into myelin‐deficient rodent models has resulted in myelination of axons and restoration of conduction velocity. The shaking (sh) pup canine myelin mutant is a useful model in which to test the ability to repair human myelin diseases, but as in humans, the canine donor supply for allografting is limited. A solution may be provided by self‐renewing epidermal growth factor (EGF)‐responsive multipotential neural progenitor cell populations (“neurospheres”). Nonadherent spherical clusters, similar in appearance to murine neurospheres, have been obtained from the brain of perinatal wildtype (wt) canine brain and expanded in vitro in the presence of EGF for at least 6 months. Most of the cells in these clusters express a nestin‐related protein. Within 1–2 weeks after removal of EGF, cells from the clusters generate neurons, astrocytes, and both oligodendroglial progenitors and oligodendrocytes. Transplantation of lacZ‐expressing wt neurospheres into the myelin‐deficient (md) rat showed that a proportion of the cells differentiated into oligodendrocytes and produced myelin. In addition, cells from the neurosphere populations survived at least 6 weeks after grafting into a 14‐day postnatal sh pup recipient and at least 2 weeks after grafting into an adult sh pup recipient. Thus, neurospheres provide a new source of allogeneic donor cells for transplantation studies in this mutant. J. Neurosci. Res. 50:862–871, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
3 Role of High Dose Imatinib in BCR / ABL pos / Ph pos CML

s), Abstr. 2271. Rea, D. ; Etienne, G. ; Corm, S. ; Cony-Makhoul, P.; Gardembas, M. ; Legros, L. ; Dubruille, V. ; Hayette, S. ; Mahon, F.X. ; Cayuela, J.M. & Nicolini, F.E. (2009). Imatinib dose escalation for chronic phase-chronic myelogenous leukaemia patients in primary suboptimal response to imatinib 400 mg daily standard therapy. Leukemia, Vol. 23 (6), pp. 1193-1196. Rudzki, J. & Wolf, D. (2011). Dose escalation of imatinib in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia patients: is it still reasonable? Expert Rev Hematol, Vol. 4 (2), pp. 153-159. Sawyers, C.L. ; Hochhaus, A. ; Feldman, E. ; Goldman, J.M. ; Miller, C.B. ; Ottmann, O.G. ; Schiffer, C.A. ; Talpaz, M. ; Guilhot, F. ; Deininger, M.W. ; Fischer, T. ; O'Brien, S.G. ; Stone, R.M. ; Gambacorti-Passerini, C.B. ; Russell, N.H. ; Reiffers, J.J.; Shea, T.C. ; Chapuis, B. ; Coutre, S. ; Tura, S. ; Morra, E. ; Larson, R.A. ; Saven, A. ; Peschel, C. ; Gratwohl, A. ; Mandelli, F. ; Ben-Am, M. ; Gathmann, I. ; Capdeville, R. ; Paquette, R.L. & Druker, B.J. (2002). Imatinib induces hematologic and cytogenetic responses in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in myeloid blast crisis: results of a phase II study. Blood, Vol. 99 (10), pp. 3530-3539. Silver, R.T. ; Cortes, J.; Waltzman, R. ; Mone, M. & Kantarjian H. (2009). Sustained durability of responses and improved progression-free and overall survival with imatinib treatment for accelerated phase and blast crisis chronic myeloid leukemia: longterm follow-up of the STI571 0102 and 0109 trials. Haematologica, Vol. 94 (5), pp. 743-744. Sokal, J.E. ; Cox, E.B. ; Baccarani, M. ; Tura, S. ; Gomez, G.A. ; Robertson, J.E. ; Tso, C.Y. ; Braun, T.J.; Clarkson, B.D. & Cervantes, F. (1984). Prognostic discrimination in "good-risk" chronic granulocytic leukemia. Blood, Vol. 63, pp. 789-799. Talpaz, M. ; Silver, R.T. ; Druker, B.J.; Goldman, J.M. ; Gambacorti-Passerini, C. ; Guilhot, F. ; Schiffer, C.A. ; Fischer, T. ; Deininger, M.W. ; Lennard, A.L. ; Hochhaus, A. ; Ottmann, O.G. ; Gratwohl, A. ; Baccarani, M. ; Stone, R. ; Tura, S. ; Mahon, F.X. ; FernandesReese, S. ; Gathmann, I. ; Capdeville, R. ; Kantarjian, H.M. & Sawyers, C.L. (2002). Imatinib induces durable hematologic and cytogenetic responses in patients with accelerated phase chronic myeloid leukemia: results of a phase 2 study. Blood, Vol. 99 (6), pp. 1928-1937. Yeung, D.T. ; Osborn, M. ; White, D.L. ; Branford, S. ; Haswell, L. ; Slader, C. ; Issa, S. ; Hiwas, D.K. ; Hertzberg, M.S.; Schwarer, A.P.; Filshie, R. ; Arthur, C.K. ; Kwan, Y.L. ; Forsyth, C.J.; Ross, D.M. ; Mills, A.K. ; Grigg, A. & Hughes T. (2010). Selective escalation of imatinib therapy and early switching to nilotinib in de novo chronic phae CML patients: interim results from the TIDEL-II Trial. Blood (ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts), Abstr. 209s), Abstr. 209
[Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from keratitis and intraocular infections at Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia].

INTRODUCTION Bacterial resistance is critical for the selection of antibiotics in the treatment of infections, so it is vital to know its current status in our geographical area. OBJECTIVE To determine in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates obtained from keratitis and intraocular infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study of microbiological tests in Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL) was carried out between June, 2011, and January, 2012. RESULTS A total of 92 samples were examined and 110 bacteria, 27 fungi and 12 free-living amoebae were identified. Polymicrobial infections constituted 50% of the total; 1.1%, 0%, 1.1%, 16.9%, 29.3% and 85% of Gram-positive bacteria were resistant to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, respectively, while 0%, 8.3%, 0%, 0%, 18.2% and 27.3% of Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, respectively. For methicillin-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci, resistance percentages to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin were 0%, 0%, 0%, 7%, 17% and 100%, respectively. For methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, resistance percentages to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin were 3%, 0%, 0%, 24%, 44% and 100%, respectively. Overall bacterial resistance to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, was 1%, 1%, 1%, 15.1%, 28% and 64.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The levels of bacterial resistance to imipenem, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin were lower than for levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin. The levels of resistance to tobramycin were very high, which calls into question its usefulness in this region of our country.
Work disability in adults with cystic fibrosis.

Greater numbers of persons with cystic fibrosis (CF) reach adulthood and, therefore, actively participate in the labor force. In this study, we estimated labor force participation rates and determined risk factors for work disability among persons with CF. We recruited 49 (73%) of 67 adults followed at one of two hospital-based CF centers. We ascertained employment history and CF-attributed work disability by structured questionnaire. Independently, we reviewed medical records for demographics and illness severity indicators. We analyzed potential risk factors for work disability by logistic regression analysis. All of those studied reported past or present labor force participation, consistent with high work motivation. Complete cessation of work attributed to CF was reported by 17 (35%; 95% CI, 21 to 49%). Although 23 (47%; 95% CI, 32 to 60%) of those surveyed stated that CF had affected career choice, only nine respondents had ever received career counselling and 16 had ever discussed job choice with their physicians. After adjusting for standard measures of disease severity by multiple logistic regression, age, adult diagnosis of CF, female gender, and single marital status, analyzed as a group, provided significant additional explanatory power to a predictive model of disability risk (model chi square [4 d.f.] = 11.5, p < 0.05). Health care professionals who design interventions targeted at work disability among persons with CF should address demographic factors as well as illness severity and should assess the vocational needs of persons with CF and the potential benefit of career counselling.
Sector analysis on determinants of capital structure and human capital among non-financial listed firms in Pakistan

Capital structure provides a way of controlling and directing financial mechanism that helps a firm in achieving its desired objectives for maximizing stakeholders‘ wealth. Past studies on aligning the reasonable or optimal capital structure with firm‘s operating, investing and financial requirements are still rare in developing countries and in Pakistan particularly. The current study provides a dynamic framework to investigate the sensitivity of capital structure and how various factors influence the nature of debt and equity financing. The study investigates the relationship of several independent firm-level variables such as, size, tangibility, profitability, growth, non-debt tax shield, dividend payout, firm age, business risk, uniqueness and liquidity with capital structure of firm. Furthermore, this study explores the different dimensions where human capital relation was also examined with all the three measures of dependent variable, i.e., short-term debt, long-term debt and total debt ratios. Analysis was conducted by using the ten years (2003-2012) data of 176 non-financial companies from eight different sectors (i.e., automobile and parts, chemicals, construction and materials, electricity, food processors, oil and gas, personal goods and household goods) listed on Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE). Three different methodologies were employed, i.e., pooled data estimation, panel data estimation and dynamic panel data estimation. Analysis showed that the different sectors behaved differently towards capital structure. However, overall analysis of 176 companies showed that the firm size, profitability, dividend payout and liquidity remained significantly correlated to capital structure. While applying Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), results of long-term debt show that all the variables remained significant except uniqueness of firm. Moreover, firm size also played significant role as a moderator between human capital and capital structure. The findings of this study are discussed in terms of theoretical, practical and conceptual implications for both scholars and policy makers to better understand decisions related to capital structure with a view for future researchers.