Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Empathy , an integrative model

Empathy research has yielded various separate insights into empathy and its correlates. Yet a comprehensive theoretical account that situates these factors within a larger framework is lacking. In this paper a conception of empathy is proposed and defended, which makes it possible to provide an encompassing reconstruction of the processes that are characteristic of empathic encounters. This conception situates empathy within a context of communication. Doing so allows one to connect various treads in empathy research, but at the same time urges one to take new factors into account. It is argued that empathy is a response to a specific demand occurring in a specific context. The type of answer persons are able to provide depends on four types of factors. First, there are the psychological empathic components. We argue that empathy should be seen as a combination of (especially) parallel and reactive emotions, against a background of specific cognitive abilities. Second, it is argued that empathy is aided by a twofold control system, comprised of judgements and forms of self-control. Third, personality factors play a part in how a person responds to demands. Finally, but most importantly, it is pointed out that specific relational factors codetermine empathic reactions. In this paper we describe the theoretical background of our model and provide an elaborated account of the four factors that determine empathic acts in a given context. We illustrate the viability of our model by presenting observational data of children’s empathic acts. r 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Infiltration of CD 4 + lymphocytes into the brain contributes to neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Parkinson disease

Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a loss of dopamine-containing neurons. Mounting evidence suggests that dopaminergic cell death is influenced by the innate immune system. However, the pathogenic role of the adaptive immune system in PD remains enigmatic. Here we showed that CD8+ and CD4+ T cells but not B cells had invaded the brain in both postmortem human PD specimens and in the 1methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of PD during the course of neuronal degeneration. We further demonstrated that MPTP-induced dopaminergic cell death was markedly attenuated in the absence of mature T lymphocytes in 2 different immunodeficient mouse strains (Rag1–/– and Tcrb–/– mice). Importantly, similar attenuation of MPTP-induced dopaminergic cell death was seen in mice lacking CD4 as well as in Rag1–/– mice reconstituted with FasL-deficient splenocytes. However, mice lacking CD8 and Rag1–/– mice reconstituted with IFN-g–deficient splenocytes were not protected. These data indicate that T cell–mediated dopaminergic toxicity is almost exclusively arbitrated by CD4+ T cells and requires the expression of FasL but not IFNg. Further, our data may provide a rationale for targeting the adaptive arm of the immune system as a therapeutic strategy in PD. Research Article Neuroscience
Some Further Experiments with Crossover Operators for Genetic Algorithms

Crossover operators play a very important role by creation of genetic algorithms (GAs) which are applied in various areas of computer science, including combinatorial optimization. In this paper, fifteen genetic crossover procedures are designed and implemented using a modern C# programming language. The computational experiments have been conducted with these operators by solving the famous combinatorial optimization problem – the quadratic assignment problem (QAP). The results of the conducted experiments on the characteristic benchmark instances from the QAP instances library QAPLIB illustrate the relative performance of the examined crossover operations. All crossover procedures are publicly available with the intention that the GA researchers will choose a procedure which suits the individual demand at the highest degree.
Interaction, Student Satisfaction, and Teacher Time Investment in Online High School Courses

Interaction, Student Satisfaction, and Teacher Time Investment in Online High School Courses Chad A. Turley Department of Instructional Psychology and Technology, BYU Master of Science This case study explores what differences exist between two online course models by investigating the results of a student end-of-course evaluation survey and teacher communication logs in two online high school courses. The two course models were designed with different types and levels of interaction, one with high levels of student-content interaction, the second with high levels of student-content and student-teacher interaction. The majority of research on interaction in online learning has been conducted with adult learners at the university level. There is far less literature focusing on K-12 online learning while investigating interaction, student satisfaction, and teacher time investment. This case study addresses this gap by exploring the results of 764 student surveys and investigating the teacher time investments of four teachers. In this study the students’ perception of their learning experience in both models met the online program’s acceptable levels. In some dimensions of the course evaluation, the interactive course had a higher rating that was statistically significant. The teacher communication logs showed a higher teacher time investment in the more interactive courses, with the highest time investment coming from reaching out to inactive students. Due to the shortage of available literature in K-12 online settings regarding interaction, student satisfaction, and teacher time investment, the author recommends additional research in these areas. By continuing to research and understand better about K-12 online learners, this understanding could influence the development of course interaction standards, assist designers in building better courses, and ultimately lead to higher satisfaction for students.
Scotland ' s Rural College The role of change-and stability-oriented place attachment in rural community resilience : a case study in south-west Scotland

Although recent research into resilience acknowledges the importance of attachment to place and claims that place is often the basis for community development, this relationship has not yet been explored in great detail. We research the link between people, place, and community resilience by examining and unravelling the role of place attachment in rural communities. We address the gap in current research by conducting interviews and eliciting mental maps from residents in two remote rural villages in Scotland. The relationship between people and place can be explained by heterogeneity in a community, and this is influenced by the different aspects of place attachment: social, personal, and environmental. We therefore introduce two types of place attachment: changeoriented and stability-oriented. Both types of place attachment influence individual and community resilience. Resilience and change-oriented place attachment can be restored after a disturbance and both are able to adapt to change. Stability-oriented place attachment, in contrast, can result in nostalgia and fear of loss or change of existing place aspects. However, this inclination towards protective behaviour can also enhance community resilience. Long-term residents and in-migrants each have different types of place attachment, and each can strengthen or weaken community resilience. Long-term residents are more likely to have nostalgic feelings which result in stability-oriented attachment, making them less able to adapt to change. We argue that length of residence is not a factor in resilience building as such, and therefore this paper makes an original contribution to the debate on resilience.
A neural-network approach for quantitative precipitation estimation using an operational polarimetric C-band radar in complex terrain scenarios

Weather radar observations provide valuable information for the real-time monitoring and nowcasting of severe precipitation phenomena. However, it is known that any quantitative use of radar measurements is heavily conditioned by several uncertainty sources (e.g., Wilson and Brandes (1979)). Among others, it is worth recalling effects related to orography (e.g., ground clutter, partial or total beam blocking), range distance (e.g., precipitation overshooting, beam broadening, non-uniform beam filling), electromagnetic processes (e.g., attenuation, resonance), precipitation characteristics (e.g., space-time variability of raindrop size distribution (RSD), contamination by frozen and/or melting hydrometeors), etc. Notwithstanding, significant technological (hardware, software) and scientific progresses have been achieved in the last decades, bringing to a noticeable progress in quantitative precipitation estimation, as remarked by Krajewski et al. (2010).
Title: Pathogenesis of the S-INDEL PEDV in nursing piglets and cross-protection against the US original highly virulent PEDV strains - NPB #14-265 Investigators:

Industry Summary: Although the original US porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has been studied and known to cause mortality in suckling piglets, strains with a different genetic profile have not been studied. To discover whether the spike-insertion deletion (S-INDEL) PEDV strains have similar morbidity and mortality, we inoculated 3-4 day-old conventional suckling piglets with virus. Six litters of age-matched piglets were inoculated with either S-INDEL Iowa106 (4 litters), or original US PEDV PC21A (1 litter, positive control) or medium (1 litter, negative control). After 21-29 days, we challenged the piglets with original US PEDV PC21A to assess cross-protection. After the first virus inoculation, all piglets that received the virus developed diarrhea. The severity of the disease and mortality among the four S-INDEL Iowa106-inoculated litters varied greatly. Compared to original PC21A, piglets euthanized/died from S-INDEL Iowa106 infection had relatively milder disease and more limited intestinal infection. Two of four S-INDEL Iowa106-infected sows and the original PC21A-infected sow showed anorexia and watery diarrhea for 1-4 days. Our results suggest that the disease from S-INDEL PEDV Iowa106 strain was less than from the original US PEDV PC21A strain in suckling pigs, with 100% morbidity and 18% (6/33) overall (0 to 75%) mortality, depending on viral dose. We found that PEDV disease in suckling piglets depends on factors such as the sow’s health and lactation and the piglets’ birth weight. Prior infection by S-INDEL Iowa106 did provide partial cross-protection to piglets inoculated with the original PEDV PC21A strain.
Motion-Object-Background Disentangled Representation from Video

We explore the idea of disentanglement learning in video prediction task. Based on existing content-pose disentanglement learning frameworks, we further decompose content feature into background and object part, and design an adversarial training network structure for next frame video prediction. To evaluate our method, we create a synthetic video dataset, along with a mask extraction network to compare different video prediction methods in pose and content prediction quality; then we compare several existing methods and demonstrate the improvement in performance after proposed disentanglement.
Visible . A Service of zbw

This paper deals with the estimation of employment equations for Germany which are to be used for forecasting and simulation purposes. We estimate error-correction models for German working hours both in a single-equation and in a system estimation framework using quarterly raw data covering the period 1980:1-2004:2. Since we focus on the question whether German Reunification has affected or even modified the underlying economic relationships, we compare our results to those reported in previous studies for West-Germany and Germany respectively. We find that the elasticity of employment with respect to output is robustly estimated and can therefore be restricted to one. The elasticity of employment with respect to real wage however is affected by German Reunification and relative factor prices play no ∗We wish to thank researchers of the Macroeconomic Policy Institute and the participants of the Workshop on empirical research of the Free University in Berlin for helpful comments. We remain responsible for any mistakes. †Corresponding author
Recent advances in deep learning applied to skin cancer detection

Skin cancer is a major public health problem around the world. Its early detection is very important to increase patient prognostics. However, the lack of qualified professionals and medical instruments are significant issues in this field. In this context, over the past few years, deep learning models applied to automated skin cancer detection have become a trend. In this paper, we present an overview of the recent advances reported in this field as well as a discussion about the challenges and opportunities for improvement in the current models. In addition, we also present some important aspects regarding the use of these models in smartphones and indicate future directions we believe the field will take.
Tests on Partially Anchored Wood-Framed Shear Walls

The structural behaviour of wood-framed shear walls primarily depends on the sheathing-to-timber joints, the anchorage of the studs and bottom rail, the vertical loads on the studs, and the intercomponent connections between the shear wall and the surrounding structures. Tests have been conducted to study the racking resistance of partially anchored shear walls and to verify an analytical plastic model.
How Complexity Increases in Development : An Analysis of the Spatial-Temporal Dynamics in Ciona intestinalis

The increase in complexity in an embryo over developmental time is perhaps one of the most intuitive processes of animal development. It is also intuitive that the embryo becomes progressively compartmentalized over time and space. In spite of this intuitiveness, there are only few systematic attempts to quantify how this occurs. Here, we present a quantitative analysis of the compartmentalization and spatial complexity of Ciona intestinalis over developmental time by analyzing thousands of gene expression spatial patterns from the ANISEED database. We measure compartmentalization in two ways: as the relative volume of expression of genes and as the disparity in gene expression between body parts. We also use a measure of the curvature of each gene expression pattern in 3D space, with the Dirichlet normal energy (DNE). These measures show a similar increase in complexity over time, with the most dramatic change occurring from the 112 cell stage to the early tailbud stage. Finally, we clustered the different regions of the embryo depending on their expression similarity, within and between stages. This clustering analysis partially corresponds with known fate maps. This provides a global quantitative overview about differentiation and compartmentalization between body parts at each developmental stage.
Top 10 Contributions on Diabetes Chapter 06 SGLT 2 Inhibitors : Far Too Many Cautions and Alerts and Limited Efficacy

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, non-commercially, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source. This Book Chapter is an excerpt from an article published by Udaya M Kabadi at Journal of Diabetes, Metabolic Disorders & Control in August 2016. (Kabadi UM. SGLT2 inhibitors: far too many cautions and alerts and limited efficacy. J Diabetes Metab Disord Control. 2016;3(5):90‒94. DOI: 10.15406/jdmdc.2016. 03.00077)
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF TECHNOLOGICAL EFFECTS ENCOUNTERED ON TURBOMACHINERY CONFIGURATIONS WITH THE CHIMERA TECHNIQUE

This paper presents an overview of numerical simulations performed at ONERA on turbomachinery configurations which include technological effects, such as tip clearance, hub disk leakage, casing treatments, blade fillets and cooling holes. An overset grid approach (Chimera technique) is used to simulate these geometrical effects with ONERA’s structured CFD solver elsA. Calculations performed on the different configurations enable to quantify the impact of these technological effects on the flow solution.
shape Interior PM Electrical Machine

This paper investigates the influence of the rotor structure on torque and Flux weakening region of V-shape IPM machine from TOYOTA PRIUS type, more specifically, keeping always the same magnet volume, we study the effect of the open angle between the two magnet segments of each V-shape pole on the machine performance. Moreover, in order to examine the impact of phase number on the machine characteristics, PRIUS structure is transformed into 5-phase machine of the same type and dimensions. As well, an optimization procedure is carried out to determine the optimal open angle according to main characteristics. The previous investigation is done by using a free Finite Elements Methods (FEM) program coupled with another optimization program. Using this obtained methodology the study analyzes for 3-phase and 5-phase machine the average and pulsation of torque, cogging torque, phase back-EMF, constant power operating capability.
Respiratory muscle strength and lung function in the stages of Parkinson’s disease

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate parameters of lung function and respiratory muscle strength in different stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD), as well as to determine their correlation with motor function and quality of life. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a referral center for PD in the city of Recife, Brazil. Respiratory muscle strength and lung function, as well as their relationship with motor function and quality of life, were evaluated in patients with PD, stratified by the level of severity, and were compared with the data obtained for a control group. After confirming the normality of data distribution, we performed one-way ANOVA with a post hoc t-test. Results: The sample comprised 66 individuals, in two groups: PD (n = 49) and control (n = 17). All of the parameters investigated showed inverse correlations with PD severity, and there were significant differences among the levels of severity, as well as between the PD and control groups, in terms of the MIP, MEP, FVC, FEV1, and FEF25-75%. The lung function parameters also showed moderate to weak inverse correlations with bradykinesia and rigidity. On a quality of life questionnaire, the total score and mobility domain score both presented a moderate inverse correlation with FVC, FEV1, PEF, and MEP. Conclusions: Respiratory muscle strength and some lung function parameters are impaired from the early stages of PD onward, bradykinesia and rigidity being the cardinal signs that correlate most strongly with impairment of those parameters. Such alterations negatively affect the quality of life of patients with PD.
Biology and Predatory Potential of Rhynocoris fuscipes ( Fabricius ) ( Hemiptera : Reduviidae ) on the Rice Leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis ( Guenee )

Biology and feeding potential of the reduviid predator, Rhynocoris fuscipes (Fabricius) studied on the leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee. Approximately 117.7±18.16 C. medinalis larvae were required for development of one nymph throughout its developmental period of about 72.37±6.78 days (1.01 to 2.06 larvae per day). The mean nymphal survival was 74.77 to 94.45 % from I to V instar with a total survival rate of 86.21%. The per day predation rate of I, II, III, IV and V instar nymphs were 1.24±0.36, 1.01±0.30, 2.06±0.38, 1.66±0.61, and 1.25±0.38 larvae respectively. Adult females had a greater feeding potential and higher longevity (70.30±19.06 days) in comparison to males (57.20±16.16days). The results indicated that R. fuscipes had great biocontrol potential for leaffolder management in rice.
Scribble-based Colorization for Creating Smooth-shaded Vector Graphics

This paper proposes a novel colorizaiton tool for intuitively creating smooth-shaded vector graphics. Our technique takes advantage of Diffusion Curves, a powerful vector graphics representation. Rather than specifying colors along curves in previous works, we allow a user to intuitively paint on regions of arbitrary line drawings. Once the user scribbles on drawings, our algorithm automatically estimates the colors along the curves of drawings, resulting in smooth color regions as close as possible to the user specification. Compared with the previous color estimation techniques for image vectorization, we propose a new diffusion curve colorization algorithm for fitting sparse colors of input scribbles. Our approach is fast, and provides instant feedback to the user. We have tested our system on a variety of line drawings with varying shape complexity, and shown that our technique can produce visually pleasing smooth-shaded images intuitively and effectively. © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Using Deep Kernels in Time Varying Networks for Reverse-Engineering of Gene Interactions

Time varying network has different active edges when time points changed, which presents various interactions between network nodes. For a dynamic network changing through time elapsing, accurate and proper models are needed to engineer such developmental process. In this paper, We explore the performance of deep kernels on reverse-engineering of gene interactions, which incorporates both the structural properties of deep learning architectures with the nonparametric flexibility of kernel methods. Inspired by KELLER (kernel-reweighted logistic regression method) (Song et al., 2009), we utilize pairwise MRF (Markov random field) to model interactions between genes. Deep kernels, constructed from logistic regression and LSTM (long shortterm memory) are used for learning the parameters of the pairwise MRF. Furthermore, we show generalizability by extending our method in learning wind power load prediction.
Evaluation of pre-and postoperative clinical signs , endoscopic findings and histomorphology of caudal soft palates in French bulldogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome that underwent elongated soft palate surgery

Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is frequently seen in brachycephalic dog breeds including Bulldogs, French Bulldogs, and Pugs. Dogs suffering from this syndrome have respiratory difficulties manifested as snoring, inspiratory discomfort, exercise intolerance, panting in most cases and syncope in some. These clinical signs may be a result of several structural abnormalities of the nasal canal, oropharynx, nasopharynx, and trachea such as stenotic nares, elongated soft palate, and everted laryngeal saccules. We studied 12 French bulldogs presenting with BOAS and assessed the abnormalities by physical examination and endoscopy before surgical treatment. Palatoplasty or staphylectomy was performed in all dogs, in addition to the correction of nostril opening and resection of laryngeal saccules for some. Histo-morphology of the excised palates was also investigated. Correlations between the pre-and postoperative clinical signs, endoscopic severity and histo-morphology were evaluated. The surgical outcomes were successful in terms of postoperative signs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we establish a positive correlation between the edematous epithelium with lamina propria and clinical severity (P = 0.015) and endoscopic presentations (P = 0.037). Based on our results, we propose a thick caudal soft palate with mucosal hyperplasia with its edematous stroma as an important etiologic condition in French bulldogs with BOAS. We highly recommend surgical intervention in dog breeds displaying BOAS. Endoscopic examination is also recommended but non-compulsory.