Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Church Affiliation and Life Course Transitions in The Netherlands , 1850-1970

»Kirchenzugehörigkeit und Lebensverlaufsmustertransition in den Niederlanden 1850-1970«. The Netherlands, with dozens of different religious denominations, offer a fine laboratory to study religious differentials in demographic behavior. In this article, I analyze a large historical database with more than 30.000 reconstructed life courses, to answer the question whether statistically significant and consistent behavioral differences across life course domains existed between members of different churches. For each domain – marriage, co-residence, fertility and mortality – the question will be whether the specific ideology of the denominations accounts for the differences or whether the social milieu or life style of the members of these denomination are more important, even after controlling for socio-economic status. By charting demographic differentials across the life course, it becomes possible to detect whether different churches had specific “life scripts” or ideal scenarios according to which their members should live their lives.
Centralized and distributed Kalman filtering in multi-coordinate systems with uncertainties

Algorithms for dynamic centralized and distributed algorithms are developed for multicoordinate systems in which where the communication networks are assumed to have uncertainties. In centralized Kalman filtering, the local measurements and the local sensor characteristics are transferred through the communication network to the central processor to generate optimal central estimate. In contrast, the local measurements, together with the previous central estimate transmitted from the communication network, are locally processed in distributed Kalman filtering. The statistics of local optimal estimates are sent to the central processor to yield the optimal global estimate. The effects of communication network uncertainties are minimized in both the local and central estimation. <<ETX>>
You Should Care : Examining the Role of Perspective-Taking on Social Networking Sites

Despite good intentions of users who share updates on SNSs, there is mounting evidence that recipients of SNS content frequently perceive shared information as inappropriate, annoying, envy-inducing, and excessive. To examine this apparent gap, we draw on the communication theory and the perceptual congruence model to analyze perceptual differences with the help of dyadic data analysis. Our findings based on 90 sender-recipient pairs show significant perceptual differences between senders and corresponding recipients of content, with senders attaching greater value to their content and scoring both hedonic and utilitarian attributes higher. Additionally, we demonstrate the presence of “false consensus effect” in the SNS environment, meaning that senders anticipate perceptions of recipients to be more similar to their own, than they actually are. Our results provide evidence that sender’s accuracy in predicting recipient’s perceptions contributes to favorable outcomes for both parties, including recipient’s satisfaction with the SNS relationship and positive feedback, desirable for senders. This highlights the importance of perspective-taking ability among senders of content. Implications for stakeholders in research and practice are discussed.
The Impact of Credit Constraints on Consumption

Several studies have argued that if some consumers are liquidity-constrained, then aggregate consumption should be “excessively sensitive” to credit conditions as well as income. Against this background, this paper analyzes empirically the relationship between aggregate consumption and credit availability in Jamaica. Accordingly, this paper uses Instrumental Variable/Two Stage Least Square estimation and builds on credit constraints literature by incorporating NPLs as a proxy for credit constraints. The empirical analysis indicates that credit conditions have a substantial impact on consumption. Similarly, it shows that foreign exchange market has an adverse impact on consumer spending patterns in Jamaica.
MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF CONTAMINATION OF ALLUVIAL SOILS WITH HEAVY METALS IN Č A Č AK

The paper presents contents of ten most serious contaminants i.e. heavy metals and essential elements contained in alluvial soils on the territory of Čačak. Main elements (Cd, Pb, Hg, As, Cr, Ni, F, Cu, Zn and B) that can seriously affect soil fertility and production capacity were examined. We analysed samples collected from 30 different locations in close vicinity of the West Morava river, in both urban (industrial) and rural areas of Čačak. The samples were taken from a depth of 0 cm to 30 cm. According to the values of the Shapiro-Wilk’s test (0.05 significance level), contents of all the elements examined, except Cr were within the limits of normal distribution. Statistically significant positive correlation was found between Pb – Cu, Cr – Cu (p < 0.05), and F – Zn (p < 0.01). According to the results of T-test, there was no statistically significant difference between the sites located in rural area of the town and the ones located in urban (industrial) area. Cluster analysis (CA), which was used for clustering of locations with similar content of elements, gave 4 different clusters. Generally, our study infers that the alluvial soil in the municipality of Čačak cannot be considered as contaminated.
APOE ε 4 GENOTYPE AND LONGITUDINAL CHANGES IN CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW IN NORMAL AGING

Objective—We used positron emission tomography (PET) to study differences in longitudinal changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) between APOE ε4 carriers and non-carriers in non-demented older adults from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). Our main aim was to examine whether there are regionally specific longitudinal changes in rCBF in APOE ε4 carriers that might be related to its well-established role as a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods—Using [15O]water PET and voxel-based analysis, we compared changes in rCBF over an 8-year period between non-demented APOE ε4 carriers (N=29) and non-carriers (N=65) over 55 years of age. Serial neuropsychological data were collected for all participants. Results—Widespread differences were observed in longitudinal change in rCBF between ε4 carriers and non-carriers. The predominant pattern was greater rCBF decline in ε4 carriers. These differences were observed in the frontal, parietal and temporal cortices. The brain regions affected are those that are especially vulnerable to AD pathology. Both ε4 carriers and non-carriers remained free of clinical diagnoses of dementia or mild cognitive impairment during the course of the study. Interpretation—Our findings suggest that APOE ε4-mediated risk for AD is associated with widespread decline in rCBF over time that precedes the onset of dementia. Accelerated rates of decline in brain function in APOE ε4 individuals may contribute to their increased risk for AD and lower age-at-onset.
Colonialism/Postcolonialism

The giant composite field of colonialism and postcolonialism studies has had a transforming effect on modern anthropology. Anthropologists have been innovative users of its multidisciplinary perspectives, and key contributors to its challenging accounts of past and contemporary global life and experience. The call to prioritise colonial and postcolonial perspectives in the framing of anthropology's central research questions has greatly extended the field's range and scope, including its distinctive approaches to the issue of whether it is colonialism that should be seen as modernity's most important progenitor, and the source of its most toxic forms of subjugation and disempowerment. This entry notes the sophistication with which anthropology has both embraced and challenged the forms of cultural and social analysis through which the epistemic and material transformations of global empire and its afterlife have been documented and theorised. And it argues that studies of colonialism and postcolonialism still have a strong and productive future in a world now widely thought to require the multidimensional framings provided by today's high-profile theorists of globalisation and cosmopolitanism. call to prioritise colonial and postcolonial perspectives in framing virtually all analytical accounts and research questions has greatly extended anthropology’s range and scope. It has led to the use of tools from both within and beyond the discipline, including poststructuralist understandings of power and subjectivity, and the contingency and open-endedness of historical change. These perspectives have fed debate on a wide range of topics: anticolonial nationalism; religious conversion; capitalist market transformations; gender relations and domestic intimacies; urban experience and historicity; citizenship and migration, as well as resistance and hegemonic power effects.
Working memory contents enhance perception under stimulus-driven competition

It is well known that attention is biased toward a stimulus matching working memory contents. However, it has been debated at which processing stage this memory-driven attentional bias takes place. While some studies show that memory-driven attention affects the early, perceptual stage of information processing, others argue that the finding showing such an effect is the result of working memory contents reducing uncertainty regarding the location of a target stimulus, without affecting the perception of the target. The present study tested whether a previous finding showing the perceptual effect of memory-driven attention is solely due to reduced target location uncertainty. We found that attentional bias by working memory contents affected the perception of a target stimulus, especially when multiple stimuli were present, competing against each other. This perceptual effect was not due to reduced target location uncertainty because the target location was always indicated by a response cue. Similar results were found regardless of whether working memory contents predicted the target location or not. These findings suggest that automatic, involuntary orienting of attention by working memory contents affects perception by resolving stimulusdriven competition.
Competency mapping of the extensionists working in Krishi Vigyan Kendra's in India.

Policy, research, and extension support are among the various drivers that helped India to become self-sufficient in food production. In order to contribute better towards agricultural development, the extension and advisory agents need new capacities to confront the present challenges in agriculture. The present study was conducted in four Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) zones of Krishi Vigyan Kendra’s (KVK) selected by simple random sampling without replacement to map the present level of competencies of the extensionists. Twenty KVK from each zone were selected randomly and three extensionists from each KVK were selected by using simple random sampling technique. The total sample size was 240. Mapping of the competency was dealt in two parts viz Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Professional Competency (PC). Correspondence Analysis (CA) technique was used to map the professional competencies of the extensionists. The first part of mapping dealing with EI showed that the respondents had average level of EI. The analysis of the competencies showed that most of the competency statements for the extension professionals were clustered around the center of the biplot showing medium level of PC. Hence, this provides an opportunity to the policy makers to devise suitable strategies to develop these competencies of the extensionists so that they become efficient and effective in their job.
Personal information acquisition by health professionals in Brazilian and British hospitals: a comparative study

Reports results of a joint questionnaire and interview survey to determine the ways in which four groups of health professionals (consultants, junior medical staff, nurses and administrators) working in three hospitals in Brazil and three hospitals in the UK, use libraries and information resources. Patterns found in the two countries were compared. The investigation was carried out in two stages. The first stage examined the role of the library and the second looked at information activities that did not involve the library. Concludes that the information activities of health professionals in Brazil and the UK follow a generally similar pattern which, in overall terms, fits the general picture gained from previous studies. However, UK health professionals clearly have better access to publications (particularly periodicals) than their Brazilian counterparts, due to the latter’s problem of acquiring foreign publications, the language barrier, poorer access to electronic information resources and greater difficulty in attending conferences. Recommends that teaching hospitals in Brazil should make greater use of electronic communication and act as a focus for the information needs of non-teaching hospitals.
Analyzing the influence of national, political and economic factors on the success of Public-Private Partnerships in transport

Since the emergence of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in the 1980s, there has been a structural change in the way countries now finance and provide public infrastructure. Although national governments apparently encourage PPPs, and many have succeeded, some others have failed. Using data from transport sector projects for 72 low- and middle-income countries from the Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database of the World Bank, we investigate the role of three main factors in the success of these transport PPPs: national experience, the presence of private investors, and the influence of multilateral lenders. The results of the study highlight the importance of the foundation provided by national experience. Not only does national macroeconomic experience appear to have a relevant role, but so also does its past experience (either positive or negative) of transport PPP projects. An interesting finding of the analysis is that the perception of a country’s level of corruption and democratic accountability has significant bearing on the final outcome of a PPP project. Also, the region and subsector of the PPP project seem to play an important role in its success. KEYWORDS: Public-private partnership, corruption, democratic accountability
The pi-sigma network: an efficient higher-order neural network for pattern classification and function approximation

Introduces a novel feedforward network called the pi-sigma network. This network utilizes product cells as the output units to indirectly incorporate the capabilities of higher-order networks while using a fewer number of weights and processing units. The network has a regular structure, exhibits much faster learning, and is amenable to the incremental addition of units to attain a desired level of complexity. Simulation results show good convergence properties and accuracy for function approximation. Comparative results using the DARPA acoustic transient data set are also provided to highlight the classification abilities of pi-sigma networks. <<ETX>>
Summary of propagation conditions and digital radio performance across the English Channel

The transmission of digital information in microwave line-of-sight circuits can be easily degraded by multipath effects, particularly in long overwater paths such as the English Channel. The results of a test program designed to investigate the propagation conditions, the multipath parameters, and the performance of a new digital radio over this link are presented. It is shown that the performance of the radio is improved by adaptive equalization techniques used in its design. However, the performance was below expectations at times, and these specific problems are treated. It is concluded that a dynamic aspect, namely, the rate of change of the multipath delay, is one cause for the unexpected degradation. <<ETX>>
hromatographic profiles of extractives from leaves of Eugenia uniflora sabelle

Eugenia uniflora L. , Myrtaceae, popularly known as “pitanga”, is used in traditional medicine due the properties attributed to its chemical content, these being mainly hydrolysable tannins and flavonoids. This study provides a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of chemical profile from leaves of E. uniflora. The HPLC analysis was carried out on a C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 m) by gradient elution with methanol and water (acidified with trifluoracetic acid); and silica gel Plates 60-F 254 with 10–12 m and 5–6 m particles, respectively for TLC and High HPTLC analysis. The chromatographic data obtained from HPLC, TLC and HPTLC presented bands and peaks related to flavonoids (myricitrin and derivatives) and tannins (gallic and ellagic acids), which were observed from different samples. The chromatographic similarities enabled the building of a typical fingerprint for the herbal material. The similarity analysis of the sample data by Pearson correlation showed R values >0.9 among peaks (HPLC) and bands (HPTLC). In addition, the analytical methodology developed by HPLC enabled the satisfactory quantification of marker substances [ellagic acid = 0.22% and 0.20% (m/m); gallic acid = 0.20% and 0.43%; myricitrin = 0.42 and 1.74% (m/m) in herbal drug and crude extract, respectively]. The procedure was also validated in accordance with the assays required by Brazilian legislation. Thus, the HPTLC and HPLC methods developed in this study provide helpful and simple tools for the quality evaluation both qualitatively and quantitatively of raw materials and extractives from leaves of E. uniflora. © 2017 Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. on behalf of Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/
A critical review of the behavioural, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological studies of co-activation of representations during word production

A large body of behavioral, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological studies have investigated the consequences of co-activation of representations during word production. Despite such an amazing body of empirical data, it remains unclear how the production system handles co-activated items. In this paper, we review this evidence in a systematic way, and point out three common problems in the interpretations attached to these data. We then discuss alternative approaches which might be more fruitful in understanding the links between such data and the processes of spreading activation, selection, monitoring and control in language production.
MUD VOLCANISM, GAS HYDRATES AND ASSOCIATED DEEP SEA ECOSYSTEMS IN THE GULF OF CADIZ

2. Innovative tools for complex and transdisciplinary analysis Around 500 people collaborated with this project, 227 of whom are “second generation” (born between 1960 and 1985). Public narratives in the form of literature, films, theatre, music, poems, television broadcasts have also been collected and organized. In the field of psychiatry, two psychometric scales (“Post Traumatic Diagnosis Scale” and “Impact Event Scale”) (translated and tested) wereapplied to 800 individuals not participating in the project. These two scales, and three others, were administered to the 500 participants of this project.
Vital rates, limiting factors and monitoring methods for moose in Montana

Monitoring wildlife population trends often involves indices assumed to correlate in proportion to abundance. We used aerial count data and harvest statistics for moose (Alces alces) populations in 16 hunting districts of Montana, USA, spanning 32 years (1983–2014) to assess population trends, drivers of uncertainty about those trends, and the relationship between aerial counts and hunter catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE). We found a great deal of statistical uncertainty surrounding population trends of moose measured with aerial minimum-count data, despite time series averaging >15 annual counts/district. State-space models of count-based trends suggested declining populations in 11 of 16 districts, yet 95% credible intervals overlapped 0 in all cases. The precision of count-based trends improved with increases in the number of years spanned by the time series (β = −0.003, P < 0.001) and average number of moose counted per survey (β = −0.0006, P = 0.002). Calibration of CPUE with count data showed positive correlations in only 5 of 16 (31%) districts and a catchability exponent (β) significantly <1. This indicated a generally poor level of agreement between these 2 indices, and evidence of ‘hyperstability,’ wherein declines measured by aerial counts were not reflected by proportionate declines in CPUE. Additionally, long-term trends measured with CPUE were not correlated to those in aerial counts (P = 0.61). We encourage explicit attention to the precision of trend estimates and local calibration of population indices to ensure both positive and proportionate relationships to underlying patterns of abundance.
1929-0128-2015-04-47-10 , Piia Haavisto ~ 47 ~ Consumer Needs and a Systematic Plan – The Reality of Social Media Discussion Forums

The purpose of this paper is to assess the possibility to use discussion forums with systematic consumer integration plan in incremental product innovation. The academic literature shows the value of sport addicts and hobbyists as innovators in product innovation; this is assessed and connected with the empirical results. This study is empirically based around qualitative material collected from 28 discussion forums related to heart rate monitors and one interview. Discussion forums can be a relevant source for incremental product innovation ideas if a clear and efficient strategy how to categorise information, participate and integrate consumers is made. In reality this is efficiently only possible in company ś own discussion forums with systematic interaction and consumer integration to discover and then further develop the consumer ideas presented in the discussions. These results can be used as guidelines and as a way of connecting consumers and product innovation by a forward thinking business.
A Model of Imam’s Leadership and Mosque Performance in Malaysia

This article aims to discuss three major arguments. First, mosque performance could be measured at least by using two dimensions; number of regular jamaah (congregants) of the mosque and number of religious classes organized by the mosque. Second, the association of imams’ leadership and mosque performance is centralized on the issue of how imams’ leadership traits influence their effective leadership behavior capacity in predicting their performance as mosque leaders. Third, the association of imams leadership traits, leadership behavior, and mosque performance could be moderated by the level of autonomy the imams’ have. This study applies content analysis approach to analyze researches and theories in organizational leadership field of study as well as mosque performance. Based on the analysis conducted, this study proposes a model of imams’ leadership and mosque performance association to be applied in researches concerning imams’ leadership and mosque performance in Malaysia or elsewhere.