Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on the Validity Test Method of Teaching Based on ARCS Motivational Design Model

Learning motivation is a promotion of learning impetus, and motivation model of ARCS learning is to inspire students' learning motivation. This research is to explore the effectiveness of English research ascension in the college English teaching. The research carries out a semester strategy intervention to the experimental group of the ARCS model. The author designs the teaching motivation from the the four elements ---note, relevance, faith and satisfaction. At the same time, according to the comparison between the experimental group and the control group of ARCS motivation, it carries out English scores before and after the test measurement, at last ,it makes a quantitative analysis of the datas. In addition, the researchers will attend a lecture biweekly for experimental group and control group to observe and record students classroom performance, and combine with the t-est method to test its changes and differences. The results of the research show that ARCS motivation design model can effectively improve college students' English research and classroom performance.
Natural Water Treatment Systems for Safe and Sustainable Water Supply in the Indian Context: Saph Pani

This version of the book Natural Water Treatment Systems for Safe and Sustainable Water Supply in the Indian Context: Saph Pani, has been revised due to the addition of a new chapter. The new 2016 edition is available here 2016 Revised Edition ISBN: 9781780408385 (Paperback) ISBN: 9781780408392 (eBook)
A simplicial algorithm approach to Nash equilibria in concave games

In this paper we demonstrate a new method for computing approximate Nash equilibria in n-person games. Strategy spaces are assumed to be represented by simplices, while payoff functions are assumed to be concave. Our procedure relies on a simplicial algorithm that traces paths through the set of strategy profiles using a new variant of Sperner's Lemma for labelled triangulations of simplotopes, which we prove in this paper. Our algorithm uses a labelling derived from the satisficing function of Geanakoplos (2003) and can be used to compute approximate Nash equilibria for payoff functions that are not necessarily linear. Finally, in bimatrix games, we can compare our simplicial algorithm to the combinatorial algorithm proposed by Lemke & Howson (1964).
Measurement of waste and productivity in relation to lean thinking

In the Swedish construction sector there have been debates concerning what can be done about the current low productivity and the high levels of wastes. During the last few years it has become more common to utilize principles from lean construction as a way to enhance the problems concerning the levels of productivity and waste. The aim of this paper is to do a literature review on measurement of waste and productivity. Terms waste and productivity will be compared and discussed in relation to lean construction. Furthermore this paper will highlight the use of lean philosophy to reduce waste and improve productivity in the Swedish construction industries. The study shows that the term ‘waste’ is more closely related to lean thinking than productivity is, but both terms are according to our analysis nonetheless important when striving for cost reductions. Furthermore there is a need of changing in the way of thinking in order to create a value added activities that can cut down production cost in the Swedish construction industries.
Angular and linear momentum of excited ferromagnets

The angular momentum vector of a Heisenberg ferromagnet with isotropic exchange interaction is conserved, while under uniaxial crystalline anisotropy the projection of the total spin along the easy axis is a constant of motion. Using Noether's theorem, we prove that these conservation laws persist in the presence of dipole-dipole interactions. However, spin and orbital angular momentum are no longer conserved separately. We also define the linear momentum of ferromagnetic textures. We illustrate the general principles with special reference to spin transfer torques and identify the emergence of a nonadiabatic effective field acting on domain walls in ferromagnetic insulators.
On the Role of Industry-Level Structural Constraints and the Timing of Accounting Reports in Bankruptcy Predictions

This study uses a hazard model with data on 3392 corporate bankruptcies by U.S. public companies during 1983–2008 to determine the effect of industry-based struc tural constraints on bankruptcy predictions. The probability of bankruptcy is significantly higher for firms in highly concentrated industries and with relatively stronger customer dependency. Most bankruptcy predictions reflect the variation of a firm’s characteristics relative to its industry, but industry-specific characteristics have negligible impacts. The investigation also includes a comparison of the relative performance of accounting and market-based variables, in terms of both in-sample fit and out-of-sample forecasting accuracy. For yearly data, the best model includes both accounting and market-based variables. However, for monthly market data and quarterly accounting reports, the best model features only market data. The usefulness of accounting measures in bankruptcy prediction models thus may be contingent on sampling frequency.
Interactive inversion in geosciences

Inversion algorithms numerically evaluate the mismatch between model and data to guide the search for minima in parameter spaces. In an alternative approach, the numerical evaluation of data misfit can be replaced by subjectively judging the solution’s quality. This widens the class of problems that can be treated within the framework of formal inverse theory—in particular, various geophysical/geological/geodynamic applications in which structural similarity between model and data determines the quality of the fit. In this situation, prior knowledge, experience, and even personal intuition are crucial. This approach also provides a simple way to include such expertise in more traditional numeric applications, e.g., to treat ambiguous problems and disregard geologically unfeasible solutions from the inverse search.
Identification of diesel-tolerant rhizobacteria of Scirpus mucronatus

In this study, rhizobacteria were isolated from the roots of Scirpus mucronatus grown in diesel-contaminated soil. In a range finding test, microorganisms were isolated from soils contaminated with diesel in concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 100, and 200 g/kg. The number of colonies isolated was 38. After morphological and chemical tests, the number of bacteria colonies isolated was reduced from 38 to 35 bacteria. Of these, 23 bacterial isolates survived on 9 and 15% diesel-spiked mineral salt medium (MSM) after 5 days of exposure. Vitek® 2 Compact (France) identified three species of bacteria that could survive in the diesel-spiked plates, namely, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Rhizobium radiobacter, andBacillus pumilus. Key words: Rhizobacteria, diesel-tolerant, Scirpus mucronatus, phytoremediation, range finding test.
2M1155−79 (= T CHAMAELEONTIS B): A LOW-MASS, WIDE-SEPARATION COMPANION TO THE NEARBY, “OLD” T TAURI STAR T CHAMAELEONTIS

The early-K star T Cha, a member of the nearby (D ≈ 100 pc) ϵ Cha Association, is a relatively “old” (age ∼ 7 Myr) T Tauri star that is still sporadically accreting from an orbiting disk whose inner regions are now evidently being cleared by a close, substellar companion. We report the identification, via analysis of proper motions, serendipitous X-ray imaging spectroscopy, and follow-up optical spectroscopy, of a new member of the ϵ Cha Association that is very likely a low-mass companion to T Cha at a projected separation of ∼38 kAU. The combined X-ray and optical spectroscopy data indicate that the companion, T Cha B (= 2M1155−79), is a weak-lined T Tauri star (wTTS) of spectral type M3 and age ≲ 10 Myr. The serendipitous X-ray (XMM-Newton) observation of T Cha B, which targeted T Cha, also yields serendipitous detections of two background wTTS in the Chamaeleon cloud complex, including one newly discovered, low-mass member of the Cha cloud pre-main-sequence (pre-MS) population. T Cha becomes the third prominent example of a nearby, “old” yet still actively accreting, K-type pre-MS star/disk system (the others being TW Hya and V4046 Sgr) to feature a low-mass companion at very large (12–40 kAU) separation, suggesting that such wide-separation companions may affect the conditions and timescales for planet formation around solar-mass stars.
Combining remotely sensed optical and radar data in kNN-estimation of forest variables

The use of optical and radar data for estimation of forest variables has been investigated and evaluated by employing the k nearest neighbor (kNN) method. The investigation was performed at a test site located in the south of Sweden consisting mainly of Norway spruce and Scots pine forests with standwise stem volume in the range of 0–430 m3 ha–1. The kNN method imputes weighted reference plot variables to areas to be estimated (target areas), facilitating further use of data in forestry planning models. Remotely sensed multispectral optical data from the SPOT-4 XS satellite and radar data from the airborne CARABAS-II VHF SAR sensor were used, separately and combined, to define weights in the kNN algorithm. The weights were inversely proportional to the image feature distance between the reference plot and the target area. The distance metric was defined using regression models based on the image data sources. Positive impact on the accuracies of stem volume and age estimates was found by combining the two image data sources. Stem volume, at stand level, was estimated with a RMSE of 37 m3 ha–1 (22% of the true mean value) using the combination of optical and radar data, compared to 50 m3 ha–1 (30%) for the best single-sensor case in this study. In conclusion, the results indicate that the accuracy of forest variable estimations was substantially improved by using multisensor data.
A Molecular Mechanism of Ethanol Dependence: The Influence of the Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor Activated by N-Methyl-D-Aspartate

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are about 2 billion people worldwide who consume alcoholic beverages (WHO, 2004). Alcohol use is related to a wide range of physical, mental, and social detriments. Additionally, alcohol affects almost every organ in the human body as well as the central nervous system (CNS) (Spanagel, 2009). There are several theories as to how alcohol affects the CNS. They are classified into two main groups depending on the primary target of ethanol. These two groups are lipid and protein theories (Goldstein, 1986). Before the 1990s, different lipid theories postulated that alcohol acted via some perturbation of the membrane lipids in CNS neurons. In particular, the effects on membrane fluidity and the disordering of the bulk lipid phase of membranes were originally attractive hypotheses for alcohol action. However, recently the protein hypothesis has become the predominant theory (Lovinger, 1997). This hypothesis predicts that alcohol acts specifically on membrane proteins such as receptors and ion channels. The main reason for a shift towards the protein theory originates from evidence that alcohol, at concentrations in the 10–20 mM range, directly interferes with the function of several ion channels (K+, Ca2+) and receptors (Lovinger et al., 1989). These ethanol effects are mediated through a number of neural transmitter systems including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Takadera et al., 2008; Murail et al., 2011).
Students ’ Education : The case of Ankara University

In this paper, an applied study was executed to expose the views and habituations of university students in regards to their use of digital library. The main aim of the study is to reveal the purpose of use, usage frequent and use tools for the digital library by students of Ankara University. The survey was carried out in three selected faculties in Ankara University. The study adopted stratified sampling to achieve a sample that approximated the distribution of the students in different faculties. The questionnaire was administered to 280 students, 169 students from Faculty of Letters, 52 students from faculty of pharmacy and 59 students from Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, selected randomly. The findings of the results show that whereas the students use the internet resources for school assignments, digital library is not yet placed as their first priority among their choices. One of the main reasons of this is not being aware of how to use the digital library. The second reason is that students find their own resources sufficient for their research. At the conclusion of the paper, orientation for digital library in curriculums at Ankara University is suggested to enable widespread use of the library services and networked resources among the students. © 2012 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of The 2nd International Conference on Integrated Information.
How Do Firms Hedge Risks? Empirical Evidence from U.S. Oil and Gas Producers

Using a unique, hand-collected data set on hedging activities of 150 US oil and gas producers, we study the determinants of hedging strategy choice. We also examine the economic effects of hedging strategy on firms’ risk, value and performance. We model hedging strategy choice as a multi-state process and use several dynamic discrete choice frameworks with random effects to mitigate the unobserved individual heterogeneity problem and the state dependence phenomena. We find strong evidence that hedging strategy is influenced by investment opportunities, oil and gas market conditions, financial constraints, the correlation between internal funds and investment expenditures, and oil and gas production specificities (i.e., production uncertainty, production cost variability, production flexibility). Finally, we present novel evidence of the real implications of hedging strategy on firms’ stock return and volatility sensitivity to oil and gas price fluctuations, along with their accounting and operational performance
Studies on Lignin-Based Adhesives for Particleboard Panels

The ultimate aim of this work was to develop a phenolic resin for partially replacing phenol with modified organosolv lignin in phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin production. The lignin-formaldehyde relationship was determined in a reactivity test. Organosolv lignin-phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resins were produced in a two-step preparation with different additions of lignin. The method selected for the manufacture of lignin resins dealt with modification of the lignin by the methylolation route. The effects of different substitution levels of organosolv lignin on strength properties were evaluated by testing lignin resin impregnated paper strips. A comparison of the tensile properties of organosolv lignin formulations, impregnated and cured onto glass fibre paper strips, was made with those of PF resin. Organosolv lignin-based resins showed comparatively good strength and stiffness. The tensile strength properties of test samples made from organosolv lignin resins were equal to or better than those of test samples made from PF resin only. The physical properties (solid content, specific gravity, viscosity and gel time) of formulated resins were also determined before use and compared to a control PF resin used to bond particleboards. The particleboards were manufactured using liquid phenolic resins. The particleboards were tested for their physical strength and dimensional stability properties. The properties of particleboards bonded with LPF resins were comparable to those of the control-bonded particleboards. The results indicated that organosolv lignin was a feasible replacement for up to 30% of the phenol in particleboard-type PF resins.
Sensible heat exchange at the Antarctic snow surface: a study with automatic weather stations

Data of four automatic weather stations (AWSs) are used to calculate the turbulent exchange of sensible heat at the Antarctic snow surface for a 4 year period (1998–2001). The AWSs are situated on the ice shelf, in the coastal/inland katabatic wind zone and on the interior plateau in Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. Sensible heat flux (SHF) is calculated using the aerodynamic ‘bulk’ method between a single AWS sensor level and the surface, in combination with surface temperature derived from upwelling longwave radiation and surface roughness derived from eddy correlation measurements. Good agreement is found between calculated and directly measured SHF. All AWS sites show a downward‐directed average sensible heat transport, but otherwise the differences between the various zones are large. The surface roughness for momentum differs by an order of magnitude between the interior plateau (0.02 mm) and the katabatic wind zone (0.16 mm). On the ice shelf, frequent clouds limit surface cooling, and annual mean SHF is small (8 W m−2). In contrast, clear skies prevail on the interior plateau, but weak winds, an aerodynamically smooth surface and stability effects limit annual mean SHF to an equally low value (8 W m−2). The most favourable conditions for sensible heat exchange are found in the katabatic wind zone, where a combination of strong winds, relatively little cloud cover and a rougher surface results in annual mean SHF values of 22 to 24 W m−2. Copyright © 2005 Royal Meteorological Society
Swallow Detection Algorithm Based on Bioimpedance and EMG Measurements

Abstract Image-based swallowing assessment tools like videofluoroscopy and endoscopy allow experts manual investigation of a few individual swallows. However, these tools are expensive and can only be used by clinicians. Systems which utilize easily attachable, inexpensive and non-invasive sensors at the throat could be a real progress for diagnosis and therapy. This contribution investigates the use of a combined electromyography (EMG) and bioimpedance (BI) measurement at the throat to automatically detect swallowing events. The absolute value of the measured BI completely describes the swallowing process, i.e. the closure of the larynx. There is a typical reproducible drop in BI during a swallow. The muscle activity needed for the laryngeal movement during a swallow is measured using EMG. The presented algorithm involves a valley detection in order to perform a segmentation of the BI signal. Additionally, only BI valleys that coincide with EMG activity are selected for feature extraction. In the second part of the algorithm, extracted features of the BI and integrated EMG are fed into a support vector machine (SVM) which is able to separate BI valleys related to swallowing events from valleys which are not caused by swallowing. The detection algorithm has been tested on data from nine healthy subjects. The data set contained 1370 swallows of different bolus sizes and consistency and was effected by other movements and speech. The combined BI/EMG segmentation detected 99.3% of all swallowing events. The subsequently applied classifier showed a sensitivity of 96.1% and a specificity of 97.1% for the test data.
Effect of black cumin supplementation on egg yolk lipid profile of birds

The present study was aimed to assess the effect of black cumin (Nigella sativa) oil on egg-yolk lipid profile of adult layer birds. Twenty four 40-weeks-old Jabalpur color birds were fed on 4 dietary treatments. Birds were caged individually and diets were supplemented with 0 (control), 250, 500 and 750 mg black cumin oil/kg of feed in group T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively for 56 days. Egg yolk lipid profile was estimated on 0, 14, 28, 42 and 56th day of feeding. The variation in egg-yolk total lipids, cholesterol and triglycerides between intervals within treatment were highly significant (P< 0.01). The study revealed that supplementation of black cumin oil @ 750 mg kg-1 feed is most effective in reducing the egg yolk lipid profile in Jabalpur color birds fed for a period of 56 days.
Narratives on the Accounting Worldview of Practising Managers

This paper examines management accounting from the perspective of its most important user: practising managers. We seek to enhance the understanding of the relationship between managerial work and accounting. This interpretative and qualitative study takes a unique approach by using narrative texts for building an understanding of how managers view accounting in their work. First, a deeper understanding of accounting and managerial work is sought on the basis of learning experiences of managers. Second, a wider point of view is achieved by looking at managers’ perspectives on organizational development. Third, the study addresses managers’ objectives for building their personal competence in accounting. This study presents a four-dimensional framework for the worldview of practising managers regarding accounting, with an emphasis on the multidimensional nature of managerial work. Pasi Aaltola is a Doctoral Student and Director of MBA education at the University of Jyväskylä School of Business and
Lexical Choices of Gender Identity in Greek Genres: The View From Corpora

This paper examines the role of the lexical pairs άνδρας/άντρας ‘man’ vs. γυναίκα ‘woman’ and αγόρι ‘boy’ vs. κορίτσι ‘girl’ in the construction of gender identity. We use corpus methodology to study the frequency, meanings and collocations of the noun pairs in five different genres of Greek, namely news and opinion articles from newspapers, and general interest, male and female magazines (2,4 million words in total). Our findings point to a fundamental asymmetry in the treatment of the two genders. Furthermore, genre and audience design are found to be prominent in gender construction: In general, male identity is viewed in similar ways in all genres, whereas female identity is constructed in a less uniform way, since texts addressed to women significantly diverge from other genres. Thus, lexical choices are affected by the positioning of the text producer as a member of an in-group, especially in genres in which gender is foregrounded.
The Dynamics of International Asset Price Linkages and Their Effects on German Stock and Bond Markets

The financial market turbulence in 1998, as other crises previously, produced strong price movements in the securities markets worldwide. This reflected, first, a general reassessment of credit risk, and, second, a drying-up of liquidity even in some of the largest mature securities markets. As a result, cross-market return correlations temporarily underwent dramatic changes, challenging portfolio allocation and risk management strategies which rely on constant historical comovements of asset prices. Against this background, the immediate question arises of how asset price linkages can be properly measured when they are subject to periodic changes as observed in times of market stress. The main purpose of the present paper is to address this question more thoroughly. In order to measure the dynamics of international asset price linkages, we first employ bivariate GARCH models to analyse the comovements between weekly stock and bond market returns across the G3 countries. GARCH models take account of the specific time-series properties of short-term asset returns, which is needed to obtain reliable estimates of the cross-country linkages. Next, switching-regime ARCH or 'SWARCH' models are applied which can identify different volatility regimes for short-term asset prices endogenously. We use this methodology to address two issues: first, 'Are international short-term return linkages state-dependent? ,' and second, 'Do volatility spillovers affect individual segments of the domestic bond or stock market differently (i.e. are they market-segment-dependent)? ' The first question may also be referred to as the 'contagion hypothesis. ' This states that contagion leads to a significant increase in the cross-market correlation during states of financial market turmoil. Hence, contagion differs from mere 'interdependence' in that it demands a stronger-than-normal market linkage during periods of stress.