Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the origins of burnout among secondary educators

Orientation: Maslach and Leiter (1997) have suggested that burnout constitutes an erosion of the soul. Burnout is a non-discriminatory phenomenon with a pronounced negative impact on the individual employee and the organisation and is particularly prevalent among educators. Research purpose: This study aimed to explore the probable reasons for burnout among secondary educators. Study motivation: Several South African studies have focused on the phenomenon of burnout among educators but the probable reasons for burnout in this population have not yet received adequate attention. This study extended earlier international research that probed this facet. Research design, approach and method: A mixed-methods design with a predominantly qualitative methodology was employed to explore the probable reasons for burnout among 59 educators from three urban secondary schools in Gauteng, South Africa. Data comprised Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey protocols and rich data work descriptions. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with the f ve participants who tested highest on the burnout indicators. Main ﬁndings: The results indicated that a negative learner profile and workload were the most frequently cited reasons for potential burnout. Practical/managerial implications: Burnout requires considered attention and aggressive context-specific intervention to contain its negative impact on both the educator and the student learning experience.
An assessment of bird species within Irish agricultural landscapes using the Field Boundary Evaluation and Grading System

Capsule The Field Boundary Evaluation and Grading System (FBEGS) is a useful predictor of bird populations found in field boundaries located in southeast Ireland. Aims To assess the potential of FBEGS to evaluate the ecological quality of field boundaries in agricultural ecosystems and as a tool for the measurement of bird populations within field boundaries. Methods Surveys of bird populations were made in selected field boundaries on 50 farms in southeast Ireland in winter and during the breeding season. FBEGS surveys were also carried out on field boundaries to assess ecological quality. glms were fitted to assess the utility of the FBEGS Index as a predictor of bird populations. Results The FBEGS Index was an effective predictor of bird populations in the breeding season, but had limited use in predicting bird populations in winter. Within the overall FBEGS Index, the Associated Features score was a good predictor for populations in both the winter and breeding seasons. In addition, the Boundary Structural score of the field boundary was also an accurate predictor of birds in the breeding season. Conclusion The FBEGS Index has high potential for predicting the effect that changes in the farmed landscape will have on bird populations.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Pregnancy smoking , child health and nutrition

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Characterising low-cost sensors in highly portable platforms to quantify personal exposure in diverse environments

The inaccurate quantification of personal exposure to air pollution introduces error and bias in health estimations, severely limiting causal inference in epidemiological research worldwide. Rapid advancements in affordable, miniaturised air pollution sensor technologies offer the potential to address this limitation by capturing the high variability of personal exposure during daily life in large-scale studies with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. However, concerns remain regarding the suitability of novel sensing technologies for scientific and policy purposes. In this paper we characterise the performance of a portable personal air quality monitor (PAM) that integrates multiple miniaturised sensors for nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3) and particulate matter (PM) measurements along with temperature, relative humidity, acceleration, noise and GPS sensors. Overall, the air pollution sensors showed high reproducibility (mean R¯2 = 0.93, min–max: 0.80–1.00) and excellent agreement with standard instrumentation (mean R¯2 = 0.82, min–max: 0.54–0.99) in outdoor, indoor and commuting microenvironments across seasons and different geographical settings. An important outcome of this study is that the error of the PAM is significantly smaller than the error introduced when estimating personal exposure based on sparsely distributed outdoor fixed monitoring stations. Hence, novel sensing technologies such as the ones demonstrated here can revolutionise health studies by providing highly resolved reliable exposure metrics at a large scale to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the effects of air pollution on health.
The Effect of Cinnamon Extract on Spermatogenesis Hormonal Axis of Pituitary Gonad in Mice

Cinnamon has many therapeutic effects, such as its impact the increase of sexual ability. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of cinnamon extract on spermatogenesis and hormonal axis of pituitary gonad in mice. The animals used in this study are male adult mice (weighing about 30-34 g and 9-10 weeks old). Cinnamon was purchased from one of the most valid shops in Jahrom and then powdered. After preparation of cinnamon extract, it was used for injection. The concentration of cinnamon used in this research was 10 and 20 mg/kg BW. The control animals received only drinking water. The sham group received distilled water. The treatment animals received cinnamon extract (10 and 20 mg/kg BW) for two weeks, each day for the amount of 1 mL interaperitoneally. After the injection, the animals were sacrificed. The weights of testes were measursed, and the changes, including the number of Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, spermatid, and Leydig cells were calculated. Also, hormonal concentration changes (LH, FSH and Testosterone) were measured by special hormonal kits. The results revealed significant increase (P<0.05) in the number of spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid, Sertoli and Leydig cells in treated animals. Also, the results showed significant increase (P<0.05) in the concentration of LH, FSH and Testosterone hormones among treated animals. Due to the increase in LH, FSH and Testosterone hormones and also the increase of the number of Leydig cells, it is concluded that cinnamon may cause an increase in sex cells within seminiferous tubules in mice.
Relative density correlations are not reliable criteria j

j1 Babak Hamidi MEng(Hons), MIEAust PhD candidate, Curtin University and member of ISSMGE Ground Improvement Technical Committee, Perth, Australia j2 Serge Varaksin MEng, CFMS Chairman of ISSMGE Ground Improvement Technical Committee, Paris, France j3 Hamid Nikraz MEng, PhD, FIEAust, CEng, NPER Professor & Head of Civil Engineering Department of Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
PENALIZED SELECTION OF VARIABLE CONTRIBUTING TO ENHANCED SEED YIELD IN MUNGBEAN (Vigna radiata L.)

Penalized regression methods for simultaneous variable selection and coefficient estimation have received a great deal of attention in recent years. Especially those based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), that involves penalizing the absolute size of the regression coefficients. The ordinary least square and LASSO methods were used for selection of most significant traits contributing towards seed yield in mungbean plants with 18 morphological and yield associated traits and to develop the prediction model . Bayesian information criterion was applied to choose minimum tuning parameter. Results indicated that dry weight biomass and harvest index were highly significant characters towards seed yield while days to maturity, days to flowering, number of nodes per plant, pods per plant and degree of indetermination had a significant affect on response variable. Based on the results, it was rational to conclude that high yield of mungbean crop could be obtained by selecting the breading materials with these important characters on seed yield.
Classification system of China land cover for carbon budget

The carbon cycle greatly influences global change, and the land cover changes contribute to the status and rate of the carbon budget in ecosystems. This paper proposes a land cover classification system for land cover mapping for the estimation of carbon storage in ecosystems and the national environmental assessments. The classification system consists of basic land cover classes at level 玉 and 域, and auxiliary features at level 芋. The basic 38 classes at level 域 characterizing land cover features are derived from 19 criteria referring to aspects of composition, structure, pattern, phenology, etc. The basic classes reflect the status of carbon storage in ecosystems. The system defines more detail in vegetation, the criteria includes life form, vegetation height, leaf type, vegetation phenology, vegetation cover, soil disturbance under vegetation, harvest disturbance, spatial relationships between vegetation and artificial surfaces. Meanwhile, non-vegetation criteria is considered in non vegetation types definition for large scale ecological monitoring and assessment, such as the water conditions, the artificial surface features, soil structure, land granular, soil salinity, soil moisture, surface state, the water flowing. The auxiliary classes at level 芋 complement the attributes of level 玉 and 域 by 9 criteria. The 5 environmental criteria of temperature, moisture, landform, aspect and slope mainly reflect the potential and intensity of carbon storage in ecosystems. The disturbance of vegetation succession caused by land use type influences the vegetation carbon budget. The other 4 criteria of vegetation cover, vegetation growing period, land use and species characteristics further refine the vegetation types, and land use typically impact the carbon storage. The structure of the land cover map of the classes of levels 玉 and 域 is independent of the products of level 芋, which is helpful for land cover product management and applications. The classification system has been adopted in the Chinese national land cover database (ChinaCover2010) for
Exploring the relationships among reliability , resilience , vulnerability 1 of water supply using many-objective analysis 2

1 of water supply using many-objective analysis 2 Chi Zhang; ·Bo Xu; · Yu Li*; · Guangtao Fu 3 Abstract: Reliability, resilience and vulnerability are the most commonly used 4 performance criteria for water supply planning and management. However, there is lack 5 of understanding of the relationships among these criteria. This paper aims to reveal the 6 relationships among them by using an emerging many-objective visual analytics. To 7 measure different aspects of water supply systems in terms of reliability, resilience and 8 vulnerability, a suite of five metrics are considered: water supply reliability, mean and 9 maximum deficits of water supply as well as mean and maximum durations of water 10 shortage. Results obtained in this study reveals that both conflicting and synergetic 11 relationships exist between reliability and resilience (mean deficit of water supply), and 12 between vulnerability (mean duration of water shortage) and resilience (mean deficit of 13 water supply) in different regions of the objective space. A more complete picture of 14 the relationships among reliability, resilience and vulnerability than reported in the prior 15 literature is provided in this paper thanks to the use of many-objective analysis. This 16 study provides an in-depth understanding of the relationships and can help decision 17 makers make an informed decision in the management of water resources systems. 18
International Student's Challenge and Adjustment to College

International students’ enrollment in higher education in the US has expanded considerably in the last decades. In this study, international students’ experiences were examined in academic and sociocultural settings. Through qualitative interviews, the findings revealed that international students deal with academic challenges, social isolation, and cultural adjustment. Specifically, academic challenges included communication with professors, classmates, and staff. Consequently, they have to deal with social isolation when engaging in different group activities. Culturally, they need to confront the different ways of thinking and doing in the US. In order to overcome these challenges, students have adopted resources that mainly are derived from the university to overcome these challenges. Thus, as demonstrated in this study, having a better understanding of these students’ academic challenges, university faculty and staff can recognize students’ needs and effectively offer supportive campus resources and services. The university needs to be prepared to meet students not only academically but also socially and culturally. This study also suggests that some preparations need to be made by the university that will embrace international students upon their arrival.
Urban Transformation Towards Polycentricity: Detecting Functional Urban Changes in Singapore from Transportation Data

This research seeks for a deeper understanding of urban dynamics. The main idea is to integrate urban planning knowledge with methods from geographic science, resulting in a systematic methodology for urban studies. Speciﬁcally, advanced spatial analysis methods are highlighted and applied in a study to detect polycentric urban transformation using transportation data. This research originates from the observation of a gap between available urban data and the information that could be extracted from such data. Information for a better understanding and management of urban change is in high demand, especially in this age of urban transformation. However, the large urban mobility data that is available and contains such information is in-sufﬁciently used due to a lack of analysis methods. To help ﬁll this gap, this research proposes integrated spatial analysis methods capable of measuring the changing spatial structure of urban stocks and ﬂows based on multiple years of transportation data. Particular interest is given to the phenomenon of polycentric urban transformation, which is an ongoing urban process in Singapore as well as many other cities. The conducted research starts from a review of state-of-the-art studies on Polycentricity. The main argument of this research is that Polycentricity is a matter of how people utilize urban space in reality. In other words, beyond physical urban settings, Polycentricity is an emerging spatial structure of urban stocks and ﬂows in socioeconomic urban space. By assessing original plans with reference to measured spatial structures from urban mobility data, we can help to evaluate urban functionality and planning strategies and uncover urban problems. To achieve such a measurement and assessment, this research presents a generic framework explaining how different levels of data services function in urban studies and planning. This is a general framework and is not limited to the issue of Polycentricity. The core elements of this framework include a geospatial pipeline, integrated spatial analysis methods, and a set of visual analytics tools. To validate the generic framework and implement the theoretical methodology into practice, a case study of Singapore is conducted. Based on the reﬁned deﬁnition of Polycentricity, functional changes in Singapore are emphasized and detected from travel survey data and smart card data from multiple years. The latter data is a newly available large dataset generated by an automatic fare collection system. In particular, statistical analysis is performed to extract travel behaviors at the individual level; urban centrality is
Optimal Opt-in "Climate" Contracts

The paper studies the design of a treadable permit system with opt-in possibilities for LDCs countries in the context of climate change. In setting the optimal opt-in rule, the regulator faces a trade-off between production efficiency (minimization of control costs) and information rent extraction (reduction of excess permits). Results from simulation exercises based on data from MIT´s EPPA Model are also provided.
Response of enchytraeid worm populations to different forms of nitrogen (ammonia, ammonium, and nitrate) deposition.

The changes to ecosystems and ecosystem functioning induced by anthropogenic reactive nitrogen deposition continue to be studied in a range of habitats. In semi-natural habitats, these effects can be pronounced, often with negative impacts on the native flora. An experimental site established on an ombrotrophic bog provides a unique opportunity for the study of the effect of long-term simulated N deposition. The response of enchytraeid worms to different forms of nitrogen deposition (as ammonia, ammonium or nitrate) was assessed at this site, which has been receiving N treatments since 2002: previous studies on the site have shown that high N deposition (64 kg N ha-1 yr-1) has changed the aboveground vegetation. In this study, the below-ground response of enchytraeids to N treatment was shown to be dependent on site wetness. Under favourable site conditions, i.e. when the peat moisture content was high, enchytraeid abundance was negatively affected by N deposition in the form of ammonia or nitrate, whereas addition of ammonium, ammonium plus PK (=K2HPO4), and to a lesser extent, nitrate plus PK, appeared to increase enchytraeid abundance. However, when the bog was drier, enchytraeid numbers were similar across all treatments and appeared to be insensitive to N.
Price clustering in E‐mini and floor‐traded index futures

This article sets out to investigate price clustering in both the open‐outcry (floor‐traded) and electronically traded (E‐mini) index futures markets of the DJIA, S&P 500, and NASDAQ‐100 indices. The results show that although price clustering is ubiquitous in both the floor‐traded and E‐mini index futures markets, it nevertheless tends to be higher for open‐outcry index futures, with the clustering in floor‐traded NASDAQ‐100 index futures demonstrating the highest level (97%) at zero digits. A significant increase was also found in price clustering in floor‐traded index futures after the introduction of E‐mini futures trading. The results tend to suggest that those trading mechanisms that involve higher levels of human participation, such as the open‐outcry markets, may well lead to increased incidences of price clustering. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 26: 269–295, 2006
HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE IMAGING OF THE BINARY NUCLEUS OF THE PLANETARY NEBULA EGB 6

EGB 6 is an ancient, low-surface-brightness planetary nebula. The central star, also cataloged as PG 0950+139, is a very hot DAOZ white dwarf (WD) with an apparent M dwarf companion, unresolved from the ground but detected initially through excesses in the JHK bands. Its kinematics indicates membership in the Galactic disk population. Inside of EGB 6 is an extremely dense emission knot—completely unexpected since significant mass loss from the WD should have ceased ∼105 yr ago. The electron density of the compact nebula is very high (2.2 × 106 cm−3), as indicated by collisional de-excitation of forbidden emission lines. Hubble Space Telescope imaging and grism spectroscopy are reported here. These resolve the WD and apparent dM companion—at a separation of 0. ″166, or a projected AU at the estimated distance of pc (using the V magnitude). Much to our surprise, we found that the compact emission nebula is superposed on the dM companion, far from the photoionizing radiation of the WD. Moreover, a striking mid-infrared excess has recently been reported in the Spitzer/IRAC and MIPS bands, best fit with two dust shells. The derived ratio LIR/LWD = 2.7 × 10−4 is the largest yet found for any WD or planetary nucleus. The compact nebula has maintained its high density for over three decades. We discuss two possible explanations for the origin and confinement of the compact nebula, neither of which is completely satisfactory. This leaves the genesis and confinement of the compact nebula an astrophysical puzzle, yet similar examples appear in the literature.
Clinical and Laboratory Predictors of Elevated TRV In Sickle Cell Anaemia

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) has become an increasingly recognized complication in sickle cell anaemia (SCA) and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Though the burden of SCA in sub-Saharan Africa is high, there is paucity of data on SCA-associated PH with little or no attention given to it in routine patient care. The current study therefore sought to determine the prevalence of PH and its associated risk factors among adult patients with SCA. This was a cross-sectional study involving 76 clinically stable, hydroxyurea-naive participants. We obtained socio-demographic and clinical history. Measurement of Tricuspid Regurgitant jet Velocity (TRV) was obtained via transthoracic echocardiography and lung function was assessed using spirometry and pulse oximetry. Other investigations were complete blood counts, free plasma haemoglobin, serum urea and creatinine. Twenty-five (32.9%) of study participants had elevated TRV (≥ 2.5m/s) on Doppler echocardiography, which was suggestive of raised pulmonary artery systolic pressure. There were significant associations between elevated TRV and steady-state haemoglobin (p < 0.001), blood urea level (p = 0.030), presence of chronic leg ulcers (p = 0.043) and oxygen saturation (p < 0.001) and these may be identifiable and modifiable risk factors for selective screening with echocardiography in a resource poor setting.
Atomic-scale models of dislocation cores in minerals: progress and prospects

Abstract Recent advances in computer simulation at the atomic scale have made it possible to probe the structure and behaviour of the cores of dislocations in minerals. Such simulation offers the possibility to understand and predict the dislocation-mediated properties of minerals such as mechanisms of plastic deformation, pipe diffusion and crystal growth. In this review the three major methods available for the simulation of dislocation cores are described and compared. The methods are: (1) cluster-based models which combine continuum elastic theory of the extended crystal with an atomistic model of the core; (2) dipole models which seek to cancel the long-range elastic displacement caused by the dislocation by arranging for the simulation to contain several dislocations with zero net Burgers vector, thus allowing a fully periodic super-cell calculation; and (3) the Peierls-Nabarro approach which attempts to recast the problem so that it can be solved using only continuum-based methods, but parameterizes the model using results from atomic-scale calculations. The strengths of these methods are compared and illustrated by some of the recent studies of dislocations in mantle silicate minerals. Some of the unresolved problems in the field are discussed.