Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Mediated Resistance to Third Generation Cephalosporins and Conjugative Transfer of Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Hospitals in Tamil Nadu, India

Clinical pathogens especially Gram-negative bacteria developing resistance to third-generation cephalosporins are making the clinical outcome more complicated and serious. This study was undertaken to evaluate the distribution of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Tamil Nadu regions in India. For this study, clinical samples were collected from five different hospitals located in Tamil Nadu and ESBL producing Gram-negative isolates were characterized. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was performed using cefotaxime and ceftazidime. The blaESBL producing genes were screened using multiplex PCR for the genes, CTX-M group-1,-2,-8,-9,-26. Conjugation studies were performed using E. coli AB1157 as a recipient for the isolates harbouring plasmid-borne resistance following broth-mating experiment. In total, 1500 samples were collected and 599 Gram-negative bacteria were isolated that included Escherichia coli (n=233), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=182), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=79), Citrobacter spp. (n=30), Proteus mirabilis (n=28), Salmonella spp. (n=21), Acinetobacter baumannii (n=12), Serratia spp. (n=6), Shigella spp. (n=4), Morganella morganii (n=3) and Providencia spp. (n=1). MIC results showed that 358 isolates were resistant to cefotaxime and ceftazidime. Further, ESBL gene amplification results showed that 19 isolates had CTX-M group-1 gene including E. coli (n=16), K. pneumoniae (n=2) and P. aeruginosa (n=1) whereas one M. morganii isolate had CTX-M group-9 gene in their plasmid. Through conjugation studies, 12/20 isolates were found to be involved in the transformation of its plasmid-borne resistance gene. Our study highlighted the role of horizontal gene transfer in the dissemination of plasmid-borne blaCTX-M resistance genes among ESBL producing isolates.
The role of leaders in creating an organizational culture that fosters the concept of preservation the natural resources

Leadership becomes an important topic of research in the organizational theory as it is an essential factor for the success of organizations. Leadership can be understood as a process of influencing followers based on the clear values and beliefs. Organizational culture is largely evolving under the influence of leadership, and the culture of an organization in some segment can also affect the leadership. The efficient organizations in order to survive in increasingly competitive business conditions require a tactical and strategic thinking as well as the creation of a culture by the leader. Vision and mission of the organization can be realized only if the leader creates a culture dedicated to the support of this vision. Bearing in mind that the natural resources are a factor necessary for the functioning of societies in the modern world, the aim of the manuscript was to determine the role that a leader has in creating an organizational culture that fosters the concept of preserving the natural resources.
$\bar{\mathrm{D}}$ and $\mathrm{B}$ mesons in nuclear medium

We discuss the mass modifications of $\bar{\mathrm{D}}$ and $\bar{\mathrm{D}}^{\ast}$ ($\mathrm{B}$ and $\mathrm{B}^{\ast}$) mesons in nuclear medium. The heavy quark symmetry for $\bar{\mathrm{D}}$ and $\bar{\mathrm{D}}^{\ast}$ ($\mathrm{B}$ and $\mathrm{B}^{\ast}$) mesons is adopted, and the interaction between a $\bar{\mathrm{D}}$ or $\bar{\mathrm{D}}^{\ast}$ ($\mathrm{B}$ or $\mathrm{B}^{\ast}$) meson and a nucleon is supplied from the pion exchange. We find the negative mass shifts for $\bar{\mathrm{D}}$ meson and $\mathrm{B}$ meson, and hence that the $\bar{\mathrm{D}}$ and $\mathrm{B}$ mesons are bound in the nuclear medium. As applications, we consider the atomic nuclei with a $\bar{\mathrm{D}}$ meson, $^{40}_{\bar{\mathrm{D}}}\mathrm{Ca}$ and $^{208}_{\bar{\mathrm{D}}}\mathrm{Pb}$, and investigate the energy levels of the $\bar{\mathrm{D}}$ meson in each nucleus. We also discuss the mass shifts in the isospin asymmetric nuclear medium, and present the possible phenomenon about distribution of isospin density around a $\bar{\mathrm{D}}$ or $\mathrm{B}$ meson in nuclear medium. We find that the mass shifts of $\bar{\mathrm{D}}^{\ast}$ and $\mathrm{B}^{\ast}$ mesons have large imaginary parts, which would prevent precise study of the energy levels of $\bar{\mathrm{D}}^{\ast}$ and $\mathrm{B}^{\ast}$ mesons in nuclei.
Comparing Home-based Pulmonary Rehabilitation Nursing on Fatigue and quality of life in Patients with COPD

Background & Objective: The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation nursing care on Fatigue and QOL in patients with COPD. Materials & Methods: This study was a semi experimental research. The samples were consisted of 36 patients who were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria into control and experimental groups through random block sampling. For each of the experimental group 3 sessions of 1 hour raining over three consecutive days were done individually and it continuous up to 7 days after the patients discharged from the hospital. However, the control group was under the regular manner. Fatigue and quality of life in both groups before the intervention and 7 weeks after discharge using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and quality of life questionnaire SF-12 were compared. The data were analyzed through inferential and descriptive statistic (Independent and paired t-test, chi-square and covariance analysis). Results : Eta squared values obtained in this experiment also showed that the effect of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program on fatigue (89%) is greater than the quality of life (50%), respectively. Conclusion: As the findings indicate, the effect of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation nursing care, which has the decreasing factor on fatigue is more than the quality of life in patients with COPD.
Significant clinicopathologic prognostic factors for bladder recurrence, progression, and cancer-specific survival after surgery among patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma

Purpose This study aimed to identify prognostic factors for outcomes after radical nephroureterectomy among patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 184 nonmetastatic cases of UTUC after radical nephroureterectomy, bladder cuffing, and/or partial cystectomy (2004–2016). Bladder recurrence-free survival (BRFS), disease progression-free survival (DPFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were estimated. The prognostic values of clinicopathologic parameters were evaluated by using Cox logistic regression analysis. Results The median BRFS, DPFS, and CSS values were 19.0 months, 38.5 months, and 67.0 months, respectively. We identified cases of bladder recurrence (64 cases, 34.8%), disease progression (54 cases, 29.3%), and cancer-specific death (23 cases, 12.5%). BRFS was independently associated with lymphovascular invasion (hazard ratio [HR], 0.421); DPFS was associated with intravesical instillation (HR, 0.290), active smoking (HR, 0.367), synchronous bladder lesions (HR, 2.355), and pT2 (HR, 5.199) and pT3 and pT4 (HR, 13.281) stages; and CSS was associated with alkaline phosphatase levels (HR, 0.966). Among 123 cases without previous bladder cancer, DPFS was associated with intravesical instillation (HR, 0.264), multifocal ureteral tumors (HR, 4.823), and pT3 and pT4 stages (HR, 10.899), whereas CSS was associated with pTis (HR, 32.071). Conclusions Patients with the factors we identified should receive adjuvant intravesical/systemic chemotherapy and intensive surveillance.
Molecular Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolated from Diabetic Foot Infection

Background & Objective: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), is one of the most frequent causes for hospitalizations in patients with diabetes. A major problem in the treatment of DFU is the increased-incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The aim of this study was to determine the SCCmec types of MRSA isolates and their epidemiology among patients with diabetes. Methods: This study was carried out on 145 diabetic patients with DFUs. The antibiotic susceptibility tests (ASTs) were performed using the disk diffusion method and E-test technique. SCCmec typing was done by multiplex PCR. Moreover, the presence of virulence toxin genes, including pvl and lukED was detected by PCR assay. Results: In 145 samples from which S. aureus was predominantly isolated, 19.48% were MRSA. Analysis of MRSA isolates revealed that the most prevalent SCCmec type was type IV (46.7%) followed by type III (30.0%) and type V (20.0%). One strain (3.3%) was untypeable. The prevalence of pvl and lukED was 56.7% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: The high prevalence of MRSA in DFUs represents the high levels of antibiotic usage among patients with diabetes. In this study, resistance to other important clinical antibiotics was detected among MRSA isolates. The high proportion of SCCmec type IV and V strains, even in former hospitalized patients, indicates the entrance of these clones to the clinical setting.
Effect of Seed Rate and Stage of Cutting on Growth, Yield and Quality of Forage Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba. L) at Soba, Khartoum, Sudan

The study was conducted at the experimental farm of the College of Forestry and Range Science, in Soba, Khartoum State which was located between longitude 32o 52ʹ98ʺ E and latitude 15o 60ʹ 40ʺ N. The study aimed at identifying the effect of seed rate and growth stages on growth, yield and nutritive value of guar forage. Treatments were three seed rates, S1, S2 and S3 (1.2, 2.4 and 3.6kg/ha) and three stages of cuttings, flowering, pod and maturity stages. Treatments were laid on a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replicates. Growth parameter measurements were taken every 15 days during the course of the experiment, while the production parameter readings were taken three times at the three stages, flowering, pod and maturity stage. The data were statistically analyzed using the SAS software program. The study found that stem diameter decreased with increased seed rate. There was a significant difference between the growth stage in terms of dry matter yield, where the seed stage recorded the highest dry matter compared to the flowering and pod stages. The study concluded that seed rate and growth stages had affected both growth parameters and dry matter yield of guar. Increased seed rate will result in high quality fodder and high forage production for livestock feeding. Keyword: Growth stages, stem diameter, leaf number, dry matter. Introduction The nutrition factor is considered one of the most important components to support animal production, and in order to reach the minimum production efficiency of the animal. Nutrition by major role by driving the functional efficacy, efficiency and production systems of livestock, (Ramteke et al., 2019). The nutritive value of plant species and forage production is more important for range management, (Temel et al., 2015). Forages are an essential part of ruminant’s and other grazing animal’s diets and are an important part of a profitable livestock enterprise, (Singh et al, 2012). Green fodders are cheaper and suitable for feeding range animals, compared to concentrated fodders. Legumes plays a key SUST Journal of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (SJAVS)
Patients' Response to the Presence of Electronic Hospital (EH) and Personal Electronic Medical File (PEMF) in Taif Community, KSA

A specially designed questionnaire for the acceptance of the presence of Electronic Hospital (EH) in Taif community(involving University and governmental hospitals) showed that, regarding personal characteristics the nationality (92% are Saudi and 8% are non-Saudi), age (63%≤ 30yrs. and 27% ≥ 30yrs.), sex (35% are males and 65% are females) and regarding their education (doctor & Prof. 34% and bachelor 66%). Percentage of acceptance for the presence of electronic hospital(EH), Personal Electronic Medical File (PEMF), Personal Electronic Medical Site (PEMS) and PEMI showed 89%, 86%, 78% and 76% respectively. Incidence of future usage of PEMF showed; 82%, 79%, 85% and 67% were forlearningpatientshow to use PEMF, acceptance of patients' usage of PEMF, medical follow up in PEMF and side effect of the use of PEMF respectively.
Sex differences in the outcome of very low birth weight premature infants born in a regional Australian Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Background: Advancements in neonatal care have improved survival for premature and very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Despite this, differences have been reported when comparing males and females. While the previously described concept of the “male disadvantage” asserts that there is a higher risk of mortality and morbidity for male infants, many studies have also found no sex differences in outcomes. Aim: The objective of this study is to determine if the sex of VLBW premature infants is associated with survival and neurodevelopmental outcome in a regional Australian Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted for infants born at < 37 weeks gestation with VLBW (< 1,500 g) admitted to The Townsville Hospital NICU between 2010 and 2015. Comparisons for survival and neurodevelopment between males and females were made with Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test and the Independent t-test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for the outcomes of death before NICU discharge and developmental delay assessed by the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, the 3 rd Edition. Results: Data were collected for 430 infants. Fifty-three infants died before NICU discharge, with no sex difference in survival. Follow-up assessment was completed for 84 infants from the original cohort and demonstrated no sex differences in neurodevelopmental outcome. Male infants had a significantly higher prevalence of chronic lung disease (p = 0.009). Neither the logistic regression model for death by NICU discharge nor for neurodevelopmental delay identified sex as a significant predictor of outcome. Conclusions: Male and female VLBW premature infants did not differ in survival or neurodevelopmental outcome at this center.
Correlation of thromboelastometry with conventional hemostatic tests in critically ill patients with a coagulopathy treated with fresh frozen plasma

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Reconstruction of river valley evolution before and after the emplacement of the giant Seymareh rock avalanche (Zagros Mts., Iran)

Abstract. The Seymareh landslide, detached ∼10 ka from the northeastern flank of the Kabir-kuh fold (Zagros Mts., Iran), is recognized worldwide as the largest rock slope failure (44 Gm3) ever recorded on the exposed Earth surface. Detailed studies have been performed that have described the landslide mechanism and different scenarios have been proposed for explaining the induced landscape changes. The purpose of this study is to provide still missing time constraints on the evolution of the Seymareh River valley, before and after the emplacement of the Seymareh landslide, to highlight the role of geomorphic processes both as predisposing factors and as response to the landslide debris emplacement. We used optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) to date lacustrine and fluvial terrace sediments, whose plano-altimetric distribution has been correlated to the detectable knickpoints along the Seymareh River longitudinal profile, allowing the reconstruction of the evolutionary model of the fluvial valley. We infer that the knickpoint migration along the main river and the erosion wave propagation upstream through the whole drainage network caused the stress release and the ultimate failure of the rock mass involved in the landslide. We estimated that the stress release activated a mass rock creep (MRC) process with gravity-driven deformation processes occurring over an elapsed time-to-failure value on the order of 102 kyr. We estimated also that the Seymareh damming lake persisted for ∼3500 years before starting to empty ∼6.6 ka due to lake overflow. A sedimentation rate of 10 mm yr−1 was estimated for the lacustrine deposits, which increased up to 17 mm yr−1 during the early stage of lake emptying due to the increased sediment yield from the lake tributaries. We calculated an erosion rate of 1.8 cm yr−1 since the initiation of dam breaching by the Seymareh River, which propagated through the drainage system up to the landslide source area. The evolutionary model of the Seymareh River valley can provide the necessary constraints for future stress–strain numerical modeling of the landslide slope to reproduce the MRC and demonstrate the possible role of seismic triggering in prematurely terminating the creep-controlled time-to-failure pathway for such an extremely large case study.
Board effectiveness : the evidence from firm performance & risk

iii Acknowledgements . iv List of tables . vi Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Background of study . 1 1.2 Overview of Corporate Governance . 2 1.3 Overview of Governance Ratings . 3 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 5 2.1 Agency Problem . 5 2.2 Corporate Governance and Performance . 6 2.3 Corporate Governance and Risk . 9 2.4 Board of Directors . 10 2.5 Empirical evidence on Corporate Governance ratings . 13 2.6 Canadian Studies . 15 2.7 Hypothesis development . 20 Chapter 3: Research Methodology . 22 3.1 Research Design . 22 3.2 Data Source . 26 3.3 Data Coding: . 27 Chapter 4: Results and Discussion . 29 4.1 Descriptive Statistics . 29 4.2 Panel Regression . 34 4.3 Two stage least square. 38 4.4 Simultaneous equation framework . 39 4.5 Panel regression for sub-scores . 41 4.6 Robustness Check . 43 Chapter 5: Conclusion . 47 Bibliography . 49 Appendix . 54
Armed Political Orders through the Prism of Arms: Relations between Weapons and Insurgencies in Myanmar And Ukraine

max 150 words) What is the role of arms in insurgency? Despite growing attention to the study of conflict and nonstate belligerents, the linkages between weapons and armed conflict have remained under-researched. This paper explores practices and processes of firearms availability and control in insurgencies and argues that these should be understood in mutual relation with the constitution and distribution of authority. The contributions of the article are twofold. By conceptually systematizing recent shifts in the literature on civil wars and elaborating on small arms and light weapons research, it offers a novel heuristic framework to understand weapons-insurgency relations that revolves around the concept of firearms as “meta-resources” and gestures towards non-deterministic approaches. Second, based on empirical analysis conducted through two embedded case studies, it argues that patterns of authority in the insurgencies taken into consideration in Myanmar and Ukraine dialectically emerged with processes of arms acquisition by armed non-state actors. KEYWO
Depresión en personas ancianas. Factores asociados

OBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion of elderly people with depressive disorders and study the possible association with sociodemographic factors, self-perception of health, cognitive function, diseases suffered, drug consumption, sleep disorders and use of services. DESIGN: An observational crossover study using a home interview. SETTING: Community-based. PARTICIPANTS: 787 elderly people aged 65 and over, not institutionalised and living in the city of Albacete. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A questionnaire designed for the study was used to gather data on the sociodemographic variables, self-perception of health, diseases suffered, drug consumption, cognitive function, sleep disorders and contacts with the health service. The variables found by logistic regression to be associated independently to the presence of depressive disorders were: being female (OR = 2.75), habitually suffering sleep disorders (OR = 2.75), having self-perception of poor health (OR = 17.61) and cognitive deterioration (OR = 2.45). CONCLUSIONS: It would be advisable to apply a screening test to detect depressive disorders in elderly people with associated factors (being female, having sleep disorders, self-perception of poor health and cognitive deterioration), so that they could benefit from early diagnosis and adequate treatment.
Financial Information Quality and Cost of Equity Capital: Evidence from Tunisia

This paper investigates the relationship between the financial information quality and the cost of equity capital. The financial information quality is described by the following three attributes: earnings quality, financial transparency and audit quality. This study used a sample of 26 companies listed on the Tunis Stock Exchange (TSE), over the period 2004 to 2010. After verifying endogeneity problem, regressions are estimated using the bootstrap technique associated with the Ordinary Least Squares method and consider nonlinear relationships. Different financial information quality attributes as well as a composite index are used as dependent variables. Our results indicated a negative relationship between most of the attributes mentioned above and the cost of equity capital. Furthermore, the existence of a nonlinear relationship, namely a U-shaped relationship, is confirmed between the financial information quality index and the cost of equity through a robustness check. JEL Classification: G30, M41