Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“Puttin’ on”: Expectations Versus Family Responses, the Lived Experience of Older African Americans With Chronic Pain

The lack of family research documenting the changes that occur and the capacity of families to support individuals with chronic pain effectively is a major limitation in the application of the biopsychosocial model of pain. This study investigated the lived experience of older African Americans (N = 18) with chronic pain and explored their expectations and perceptions of familial support. A descriptive phenomenology framework revealed an existential theme: “puttin’ on,” a phenomenon that potentiates the power of pain to disrupt roles and relationships and discourages the family from meeting the expected needs of older African Americans. We uncovered new information into the actual support mechanisms that are missing or, when present, are not as positive and strong as would be expected in the African American culture, at least in the context of chronic pain management. Interventions should target family-based education, chronic pain destigmatization, and intergenerational empathy in the African American community.
OCCURRENCE OF SUPERNORMAL CLUTCHES IN THE LARIDAE

In recent years, female-female pairings have been discovered in Western Gulls (Larus occidentalis) (Hunt and Hunt 1977), Ring-billed Gulls (L. delawurensis) (Conover et al. 1979, Ryder and Somppi 1979), California Gulls (L. culijbrnicus) (Conover et al. 1979), and Herring Gulls (L. argentatus) (Fitch 1979). These associations occur when two females pair together rather than with male mates and both lay eggs in a mutual nest. It has yet to be determined whether female pairs are restricted to a small number of gull species or are widespread among the normally monogamous Laridae. Supporting the latter possibility is the recent discovery of female pairs among breeding Caspian Terns (Sterna cuspia) (Conover 1983). Such female pairs are often identifiable because their nests contain supernormal clutches (4-6 eggs), double the normal clutch-size. Not all supernormal clutches (SNCs), however, result from female pairings. In a study of Ring-billed Gulls, 17% of the 5-6 egg clutches resulted from polygynous associations in which two or more females lay eggs in the same nest (Conover, in press). Furthermore, a polygynous group was found attending a SNC in the Brown Skua (Catharucta skua) (Bonner 1964). Hence, the presence of SNCs in a particular species may indicate that either female pairings or polygynous associations occur in that species. This is not necessarily the case, however, for a few SNCs may also result from adults rolling a foreign egg into their nest or from nest parasitism although normally neither event should cause a doubling of clutch-size, except for one-egg clutches. In this study, I used clutch-size data to estimate the frequency of SNCs in different gull and tern species. Such information is useful in identifying those species in which female pairings or polygyny may occur. These data were also used to test the hypothesis that DDT contamination produces female pairings by feminizing male embryos (Fry and Toone 198 1). If this is so, the frequency of female pairs and consequently SNCs should have increased since the late 1940s when DDT’ s widespread usage began.
Special issue on Ecology, evolution, and conservation of plants in China: Introduction and some considerations

China has one of the world’s richest floras with around 33,000 vascular plants, of which up to 17,000 are endemic. Besides these astonishing figures, the Chinese flora is very interesting from the point of view of evolution, as it shows a strong relictual character with some truly “living fossils” such as Ginkgo biloba or Metasequoia glyptostroboides . At the same time, China probably harbours the most important ‘‘evolutionary front’’ of the world’s temperate flora, the Hengduan Mountains. Unfortunately, the flora of China also includes a high number of threatened species (with nearly 4000), mostly due to the destruction of natural habitats and the over-exploitation of natural resources. This special issue, which corresponds to volume 34 of Collectanea Botanica , is aimed to contribute to the knowledge of Chinese flora through a series of contributions (seven full-length articles and one short note) spanning several topics such as biogeography, conservation, demography, ecology, evolution, and plant-animal interactions.
Antinuclear antibodies in infectious diseases

Abstract Introduction: Antinuclear antibody (ANA) tests are widely used for the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases, but ANAs are also commonly found in patients with various infections. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between infections and ANA status. Methods: Patients that visited the Department of Infectious Diseases at Inha University Hospital between January 2007 and July 2018 were investigated. We analysed their ANA test results and reviewed rheumatic and infectious diagnoses of patients with positive ANA findings. Results: Of the 9,320 patients during the study period, 1,111 underwent ANA testing and 110 tested positive. Seven of the 110 patients were previously diagnosed with ANA-positive disease, and 21 were diagnosed with autoimmune disease during the present study. Of the remaining 82 patients, 43 were confirmed with infectious disease. The most common pathogen was Mycobacterium tuberculosis (n = 10), followed by Treponema pallidum (n = 5), Orientia tsutsugamushi (n = 5), Escherichia coli (n = 5), Bartonella henselae (n = 3), and human immunodeficiency virus (n = 3). Of the 39 patients without a confirmed pathogen, 7 were seropositive for O. tsutsugamushi, B. henselae, or Rickettsia spp. Patients were observed at an average of 24 weeks in our hospital. One patient developed systemic lupus erythematosus after being diagnosed with Epstein–Barr virus-induced infectious mononucleosis, and another patient developed adult-onset Still’s disease after being diagnosed with scrub typhus. Conclusion: This study showed that various relationships exist between infections and rheumatic diseases. In particular, several patients with a positive ANA test result were found to have intracellular infections such as mycobacterial infections, syphilis, or scrub typhus.
Combined Geophysical and Geotechnical Approaches for Microzonation Studies in Hispaniola Island

In this paper, we describe recent studies for the geophysical and geomechanical characterization of soils in Hispaniola (Greater Antilles), an island threatened by the eventual rupture of major seismogenic fault systems. The investigations were performed for four different cities settled on complex geological formations in Haiti (Cap-Haitien, Port-au-Prince) and the Dominican Republic (Santo Domingo, Santiago de los Caballeros). We present the complete methodology we implemented for mapping zones of homogeneous seismic response and for microzonation studies, but each main stage of investigation is described as it was conducted in one or two cities. Therefore, first we present our site-characterization technique applied to Santo Domingo and Santiago de los Caballeros, which is based on geotechnical data, geophysical multichannel analysis of surface waves, and ambient-noise recordings. Then we present the site-response analysis through numerical analysis with nonlinear soil models that we performed for the city of Cap-Haitien. Finally, we describe the amplification factors for site-specific response spectra that we derived for the microzonation of Port-au-Prince. We argue for the implementation of a multidisciplinary approach built upon complementary field geological, geophysical, and geotechnical data rather than solely depending on geophysical measures for the characterization of VS30. In addition, we explore the compatibility of the soil classes recommended by the International Building Code (IBC) in the context of local seismic amplification.
Performance and analysis of the constructed analogue method applied to U.S. soil moisture over 1981-2001

[1] We have conducted an experiment to assess the real time skill in monthly and seasonal predictions based solely on patterns of antecedent hydrological information over the United States. The hydrological information is contained in a proxy for soil moisture at 102 locations over the lower 48 states. This soil moisture is calculated over the years 1931 to present from a local hydrological equation taking monthly precipitation (P) and temperature (T) as input, and producing soil moisture (w), evaporation (E), runoff (R), and loss to groundwater (G) as output. The initial condition (IC) for the forecast procedure is soil moisture over the United States at the end of the month (w30). We constructed an analogue to the w30 fields, i.e., made linear combinations of soil moisture fields at the same time of year in years past to reproduce the IC to within a small tolerance. The coefficients assigned to the years past are then made to persist, and the subsequent development in the historical years is linearly combined to form a forecast. This method has been running at CPC in real time since 1998, and we added 1981–1997 in “retroactive real time” mode to form a large enough sample. In total, we considered both seasonal and monthly forecasts at leads of −1 to +6 months for 1981–2001, for the elements w30, E, T, and P. From the outset, we wanted to investigate nonlocal forecast methods, considering local effects, on evaporation and temperature mainly, as being established already and well documented [Huang et al., 1996]. In a nonlocal method we entertain the possibility of precipitation (the response) falling downstream of a soil moisture anomaly (forcing). We found that we have about a 0.6 correlation in forecasting monthly soil moisture with a lead of one month (i.e., July at the end of May). This figure is higher in spring and somewhat lower in the early fall. The capability to forecast evaporation anomalies is very seasonal. During the cold half of the year, when E anomalies resemble T anomalies, the correlation is only 0.2–0.3, but in summer, when E anomalies resemble w anomalies, the skill of forecasts goes up to 0.6. We thus have some insight into patterns of anomalous water vapor input from the land surface into the lower atmosphere on a continental scale. Skill of forecasting T is modest, reaching 0.2–0.3 in many months and seasons, but there is no clear seasonal dependence that relates to the presumed physics of land atmosphere interactions. Skill in forecasting P is quite low, barely 0.1 in correlation, but +ve in all months and seasons. We did alternative experiments where the constructed analogue was built on E, T, or P instead of w and verified the forecast of all elements likewise. We found initial w to be the best for forecasting w itself and indeed for forecasting the other fields as well! This is important testimony that soil moisture is indeed the key, as has been suspected by many for ages.
Contrasting the Effects of Cold Rolling on the Shock Response of Typical Face Centred Cubic and Body Centred Cubic Metals

The response of metals to shock loading is affected by a number of factors, including the unit cell and properties that affect the motion and generation of dislocations such as stacking fault energy and the Peierls stress. In an effort to increase the understanding in this area, we have chosen to investigate the response of two near ideal materials; copper as an fcc and tantalum as a bcc. We have also investigated each material in both an annealed and cold worked to 50% reduction in thickness in an attempt to understand how differences in dislocation density affect response. Measurements have been made using standard diagnostics, including stress gauges and Photonic Doppler Velocimetry as well as analysis of the shocked microstructural and mechanical response through one-dimensional recovery.
Response of vegetation to the 2003 European drought was mitigated by height

The effects on climate of land-cover change, predominantly from the conversion of forests to crops or grassland, are reasonably well understood for low and high latitudes but are largely unknown for temperate latitudes. The main reason for this gap in our knowledge is that there are compensating effects on the energy and water balance that are related to changes in land-surface albedo, soil evaporation and plant transpiration. We analyse how vegetation height affected the response of vegetation during the 2003 European drought using precipitation data, temperature data, normalized difference vegetation index data and a new vegetation height data set obtained from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) on the Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat). At the height of the 2003 drought we find for tall vegetation a significantly smaller decrease in vegetation index and a smaller diurnal temperature (DTR) range, indicating less water stress and drought impacts on tall vegetation. Over Germany for example, 98% of significant correlations showed a smaller anomaly in vegetation index anomaly with greater height, and 95% of significant correlations showed a smaller DTR with greater vegetation height. Over France the equivalent percentages were 94 and 88%, respectively. Vegetation height is likely associated with greater rooting depth, canopy heat capacity or both. Our results suggest that land-surface models can be improved by better estimates of vegetation height and associated with this a more realistic response to drought.
GIAMBELLI'S FORMULA AND THE BEST CONSTANT OF SOBOLEV INEQUALITY IN ONE DIMENSIONAL EUCLIDEAN SPACE

The best constant of Sobolev inequality associated with 2N-th order Hurwitz-type differential operator is computed. Giambelli's formula which appears in representation theory of finite groups plays an important role. 1 Conclusion For N =1 , 2, 3, ··· , we introduce the following characteristic polynomial with real coef- ficients. Q(z )= N −1 � j=0 (z + aj )= N � j=0 qj z N −j
The ‘Celtic Crisis’: Guarantees, Transparency and Systemic Liquidity Risk

Bank liability guarantee schemes have traditionally been viewed as costless measures to shore up investor confidence and prevent bank runs. However, as the experiences of some European countries, most notably Ireland, have demonstrated, the credibility and effectiveness of these guarantees are crucially intertwined with the sovereign’s funding risks. Employing methods from the literature on global games, we develop a simple model to explore the systemic linkage between the rollover risks of a bank and a government, which are connected through the government’s guarantee of bank liabilities. We show the existence and uniqueness of the joint equilibrium and derive its comparative static properties. In solving for the optimal guarantee numerically, we show how its credibility can be improved through policies that promote balance-sheet transparency. We explain the asymmetry in risk transfer between the sovereign and the banking sector, following the introduction of a guarantee as being attributed to the resolution of strategic uncertainties held by bank depositors and the opacity of the banks’ balance sheets.
Psychological Skills Development and Maintenance in Professional Soccer Players: An Experimental Design with Follow Up Measures.

Psychological skills training and Psychological well-being (PWB) are two essential concepts not only for general mental health but also for athletic performance in sport settings. However, the effects of problems in Sport Training Scale (PSTS) on sport performance and general psychological well-being have not been systematically examined through experimental designs, especially in professional soccer teams. Consequently, the goal of this research was to investigate the relationship between performance related psychological skills (team cohesion, confidence, and anxiety) and PWB and the effects of twelve weeks of cognitive-behavioral conceptual framework-based PST program on psychological skills of a professional soccer team. Results showed improved psychological skills and PWB after 12 weeks of PST. Follow up measurements indicated that improved psychological skills were preserved up to six months. Finally, psychological skills and PWB were found to be interconnected parameters, with congruence components. Overall, the PST program improved athletes’ team cohesion, self-confidence, anxiety and PWB levels. Key words: Psychological skill training, psychological well-being, soccer.
Cerebral Palsy in Children With Congenital Zika Syndrome: A 2-Year Neurodevelopmental Follow-up

Objective: To describe the 2-year neurodevelopmental outcome in children with cerebral palsy associated with congenital Zika (CZ) and explore variables associated with a more severe presentation. Methods: Data on 69 children with cerebral palsy associated with CZ, followed in a neurorehabilitation hospital, who consecutively attended the neurodevelopmental assessment at 2 years of age, were collected. Bayley III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination, and Gross Motor Function Classification System were used for the outcome evaluation. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis were performed. Results: The median age at follow-up was of 24.0 (23-32) months. Only 3 (4.3%) children were not microcephalic. The majority presented with bilateral (94.2%), spastic (100.0%), Gross Motor Function Classification System grade IV or V (92.8%) cerebral palsy, epilepsy (73.1%), extremely low performances on cognitive (94.2%), language (95.7%), and motor (95.7%) Bayley-III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Test scores. The median Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination score was of 21.0 (range 9-75). There was a correlation between birth head circumference with the cognitive (r = 0.3, P < .01), language (r = 0.3, P < .01), and motor (r = 0.3, P < .01) Bayley-III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Test scores, as well as with the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination score (r = 0.2, P < .03). An association was observed between an inferior median Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination score with congenital microcephaly (P = .04), arthrogryposis (P = .02), and epilepsy in the first year (P < .01). Conclusion: Cerebral palsy related to CZ presents with a severe global impairment at a 2-year follow-up. Birth head circumference, arthrogryposis, and early epilepsy are associated with a worse outcome and may be considered as prognostic markers. These findings are important for the neurorehabilitation planning, parents’ guiding, and future prognostic studies.
Rapid and high-precision marker assisted backcrossing to introgress the SUB1 QTL into the Vietnamese elite rice variety

Submergence stress regularly influences about 15 million hectares of rice growing areas in South and Southeast Asia. Vietnam is one of the most vulnerable countries affected by submergence stress in Asia. Submergence caused by typhoons and floods is one of the major reasons for rice production losses in this country. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 9, SUB1, has provided the opportunities to apply marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) to develop submergence tolerant for an elite variety that is popularly grown in Vietnam. Improving rice tolerance with submergence is vital to minimize the risks from submergence stress. In this study, we reported a successful application of MABC method to select a line number 19 in BC2F1 populations that has genetic background up to 89.8%.
Tanyimboh, Tiku T. and Seyoum, Alemtsehay G. (2016) Multiobjective evolutionary optimization of water distribution systems

This article investigates the computational efficiency of constraint handling in multi-objective evolutionary optimization algorithms for water distribution systems. The methodology investigated here encourages the co-existence and simultaneous development including crossbreeding of subpopulations of cost-effective feasible and infeasible solutions based on Pareto dominance. This yields a boundary search approach that also promotes diversity in the gene pool throughout the progress of the optimization by exploiting the full spectrum of non-dominated infeasible solutions. The relative effectiveness of small and moderate population sizes with respect to the number of decision variables is investigated also. The results reveal the optimization algorithm to be efficient, stable and robust. It found optimal and near-optimal solutions reliably and efficiently. The real-world system based optimization problem involved multiple variable head supply nodes, 29 fire-fighting flows, extended period simulation and multiple demand categories including water loss. The least cost solutions found satisfied the flow and pressure requirements consistently. The best solutions achieved indicative savings of 48.1% and 48.2% based on the cost of the pipes in the existing network, for populations of 200 and 1000, respectively. The population of 1000 achieved slightly better results overall. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Predictors of 30-day Mortality in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Patients.

BACKGROUND to identify other factors other than the TIMI scores that can be used as predictors of 30-day mortality in STEMI patients by including variables of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) and glomerulus filtration rate (GFR) at Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital. METHODS a retrospective cohort study was conducted in 487 STEMI patients who were hospitalized at RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo between 2004 and 2013. Sample size was calculated using the rule of thumbs formula. Data were obtained from medical records and analyzed with bivariate and multivariate method using Cox's Proportional Hazard Regression Model. Subsequently, a new scoring system was developed to predict 30-day mortality rate in STEMI patients. Calibration and discrimination features of the new model were assessed using Hosmer-Lemeshow test and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS bivariate and multivariate analyses showed that only two variables in the new score system model were statistically significant, i.e. the Killip class II to IV and GFR with a range of total score between 0 and 4.6. Thirty-day mortality risk stratification for STEMI patient included high, moderate and low risks. The risk was considered high when the total score was >3.5 (46.5%). It was considered moderate if the total score was between 2.5 and 3.5 (23.2%) and low if the total score was <2.5 (5.95%). Both variables of the score had satisfactory calibration (p > 0.05) and discrimination (AUC 0.816 (0.756-0.875; CI 95%). CONCLUSION There are two new score variables that can be used as predictors of 30-day mortality risks for STEMI patients, i.e. the Killip class and GFR with satisfactory calibration and discrimination rate.