Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analytical study of mortality in Intensive Care Unit

Background: Intensive care Unit is the one place where we come across various medical critical cases and high number of deaths is also recorded here. In spite of so many deaths occurring at this unit, cause of death is poorly reported. We studied the different causes for deaths in ICU which includes single and multiple factors for cause of death.Methods: A retrospective study performed between January 2017 to January 2018 at Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical sciences, Kadapa, Ongole, A.P. This study includes 260 deaths among patients admitted in ICU of our institute during this duration. We gathered data at various levels like clinical evaluation and investigations.Results: A total of 260 deaths were recorded during this study. Among these 215 (82.69%) are female and 45 (17.30%) are male. At the time of death 174 (66.92%) patients has single systemic cause 86 (33.06%) had more than one systemic cause. Cardiovascular death 50 (19.23%) is the most common cause of death among all in which CAD 28 (10.76%) are major portion and congestive cardiac failure 20 (7.6%) are the remaining portion of the cardiac deaths. Chronic kidney disease 37 (14.2%) is the next highest deaths recorded and cerebro vascular 35 (13.46%) deaths follows the next in line.Conclusions: Majority of ICU patients were present with at least one organ failure at the time of death. What we have concluded in this study is that there are more number of deaths with single systemic cause than multiple systemic causes.
Schedule-Sensitive Register Pressure Reduction in Innermost Loops, Basic Blocks and Super-Blocks

This report makes a massive experimental study of an efficient heuristic for the SIRA framework \cite{sira04}. The heuristic, called SIRALINA \cite{siralina07}, bounds the register requirement of a data dependence graph before instruction scheduling under resource constraints. Our aim is to guarantee the absence of spilling before any instruction scheduling process, without hurting instruction level parallelism if possible. Our register pressure reduction methods are sensitive for both software pipelining (innermost loops) and acyclic scheduling (basic blocks and super-blocks). The SIRALINA method that we experiment in this report is shown efficient in terms of compilation times, in terms of register requirement reduction and in terms of shorted schedule increase. Our experiments are done on thousands standalone DDG extracted from FFMPEG, MEDIABENCH, SPEC2000 and SPEC2006 benchmarks. We consider processor architectures with multiple register type and we model delayed access times to registers. Our register pressure reduction method is distributed as a C independent library (\texttt{SIRAlib}.
Examining outcomes in cases of elderly patients who fell from ground level at home with normal vital signs at the scene: An analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank.

BACKGROUND The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether the higher level of care significantly affected the outcomes of elderly patients who fell from ground level at home and had a normal physiological examination at the scene. METHODS Patients 65 years and older, with normal physiological measures at the scene (Glasgow Coma Scale score = 15, systolic blood pressure > 90 and <160 mm Hg, heart rate (HR) ≥ 60 and ≤100) from the 2012 to 2014 National Trauma Data Bank data sets were included in the study. Patients' characteristics, existing comorbidities, and outcomes were compared between Level I or Level II designated trauma centers (higher level care [group 1]) and Levels III, IV, and unranked/nontrauma centers (lower level care [group 2]). Following initial analyses, propensity score matching was performed, and the rate of in-hospital mortality, median time (days) to death or discharge, and discharge disposition were compared. RESULTS Of the 40,800 patients who met inclusion criteria, 18,813 patients were matched from each group on age, sex, race, systolic blood pressure, HR, respiratory rate, Injury Severity Score, and comorbidity statuses. There was no evidence of a significant difference regarding in-hospital mortality (2.5% vs. 2.3%), time to death (median [interquartile range]: 6 [3-11] vs. 6 [3-11]), or time to hospital discharge (median [interquartile range]: 5 [5-5] vs. 5 [5-5]). However, the rate of required postdischarge care (78.9% vs. 81.7%) varied significantly between the groups. CONCLUSION Higher levels of care failed to show any significant survival benefits or shorten the time to hospital discharge; however, a significantly higher proportion of patients from lesser-care facilities required follow-up services after discharge. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic/Care management, level IV. STUDY TYPE Observational case-control.
Prevalence, Risk Factors and Impact of Subclinical Endometritis on Reproductive Performance of Nili-Ravi Buffalo

Subclinical endometritis (SCE) is the inflammation of endometrium without systemic illness, hence remains mostly undiagnosed and untreated. The early diagnosis necessitates the evaluation of important risk factors. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of SCE and their effects on reproductive performance of Nili-Ravi buffalo. 100 buffaloes approaching parturition were selected. During calving, various risk factors viz., type of calving, peri-parturient disorders, sex and birth weight of calf, gestation period and season of calving were recorded. Buffaloes were subjected to endometrial cytology using cytobrush method on 45 day postpartum (DPP) and divided into 2 groups viz., buffaloes ‘with SCE’ (>5% PMN; n=38) and ‘without SCE’ (≤5% PMN; n=62). Buffaloes in estrus were artificially inseminated and fertility parameters were recorded. The occurrence of SCE was significantly affected by calving assistance (OR=11.74; P<0.001), peri-parturient disorders (OR=6.87; P<0.05) and gestation period (OR=1.16; P<0.05). Sex, birth weight of calf and season of calving were not associated with SCE. The service period of buffaloes did not vary between two groups. The median days open was significantly (P<0.05) higher in buffaloes with as compared to buffaloes without SCE (141 vs. 117 d). Buffaloes with SCE had significantly (P<0.05) lower first service conception (21.1 vs. 43.5%) and took more (P<0.05) mean number of services per conception (2.71 vs. 1.62) compared to buffaloes without the SCE. It may be concluded that risk factors around the time of calving control the onset of SCE which in turn has negative impact on reproductive performance of Nili-Ravi buffaloes.
University of Birmingham Effects of blood pressure lowering drugs in heart failure

We aimed to combine evidence from all heart failure trials that have investigated the effects of drugs with blood pressure lowering properties to assess (1) the extent to which such drugs reduce blood pressure in heart failure, (2) the association between the net change in blood pressure between treatment arms and cause ‐ specific outcomes, and (3) whether treatment effects (efficacy and safety) vary according to baseline blood pressure. We conducted a systematic review and meta ‐ analysis including randomised clinical trials of drugs with blood pressure ‐ lowering properties in patients with chronic heart failure with at least 300 patient ‐ years follow ‐ up. We included a total of 37 trials (91,950 patients) and showed that treatment with drugs with blood pressure ‐ lowering properties resulted in a small but significant decrease in systolic blood pressure in patients with heart failure with no evidence that the efficacy and safety of those drugs varied according to baseline blood pressure. Condensed abstract The relationship between blood pressure and clinical outcomes remains poorly understood. This systematic review and meta ‐ analysis combined evidence from randomised clinical trials of drugs with blood pressure lowering properties in patients with chronic heart failure. It showed that treatment with those drugs achieved a small but significant reduction in systolic blood pressure with no evidence that the efficacy and safety of those drugs varied according to baseline blood pressure.
Lactate Dehydrogenase Level, Oxygen Saturation and Hematological Parameters among Workers Exposed to Dust of Construction Materials in Sana'a

Respirable dust and crystalline silica remain an important risk factor for respiratory disease amongst construction workers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Serum Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, oxygen saturation level (SpO2) and hematological parameters of workers exposed to construction materials dust and to compare them with the healthy control group in Sana'a city. Blood samples were collected from 70 non-smoker adult male, 20-60 years old, divided into two groups; 35 construction workers and 35 unexposed individuals as control, during the period from May to December 2016, in Sana'a. The results showed that mean serum LDH level of the construction workers (432.25±139.25 IU) was significantly higher than the control group (265.66±98.26 IU) (P<0.0001). The SpO2 percentage showed a significant decrease (P<0.0001) in values of 84.09±13.95 in construction workers as compared to control 96.09±7.15. The hematological parameters revealed a significant increase in red cell distribution width (RDW), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), eosinophils and neutrophils (P<0.05). However, a significant decrease in hemoglobin (Hb) content, WBCs count and basophils was found among construction workers when compared with control group (P<0.05). The elevations of serum LDH level and other parameters are highly indicative of pathological conditions among construction workers, suggesting the use of protective masks to prevent inhalation of respirable particulates.
Processing negation without context – why and when we represent the positive argument

ABSTRACT When processing negative sentences without context, participants often represent states of the positive arguments. Why and when does this occur? Using visual world eye-tracking, participants listened to positive and negative sentences in simple or cleft forms (e.g., [It is] Matt [who] hasn’t shut his dad’s window), while looking at scenes containing a target and a competitor (matches or mismatches the implied shape of the final noun). Results show that in the simple but not the cleft condition, there is a difference between negatives and positives: shortly after the verb, there is more looks to the competitor in the simple negatives than the positives. This suggests that the representation of the positive is not a mandatory first step of negation processing (as per rejection accounts). Rather results support the Question Under Discussion (QUD) accommodation account wherein both sentence content and contextual source of relevance are targets of incremental sentence processing.
Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance pattern of Urinary Tract infections in Pregnant Women — our experience in an Indian teaching hospital

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections in women. During pregnancy physiological changes, like frequency, mimic UTI symptoms and therefore bacteriological cultures are needed to confirm the diagnosis. However, in developing countries antibiotic therapy is commonly initiated without culture confirmation. Methods: We have screened bacteriuria among pregnant women with and without UTI symptoms in a tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 1000 urine samples were evaluated with nitrite and leukocyte esterase tests, using urine culture and/or dipslide with species identification as reference. Results: The prevalence of culture-proven UTI among pregnant women with UTI symptoms was 4%. Since treatment is initiated based only on the presence of symptoms, 96% were erroneously given antibiotics. Further, there is a high prevalence of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, with 18 % ESBL and 36 % multidrug resistant Escherichia coli strains. With culture morphology and biochemical tests were mostly able to identify E. coli and negative cultures. Mixed Gram-negative flora, suggesting fecal contamination was, however, in the majority of cases interpreted as a single pathogenic bacterium and would have resulted in antibiotic treatment. Conclusions. To prevent excessive use of antibiotics, dipslide possibly supported by a combination of nitrite and leukocyte esterase tests can be used. Trained frontline health care professionals correctly diagnosed E. coli UTI and negative urine cultures, which would help preventing antibiotic misuse. In addition, regular screening for antibiotic resistance would improve correct treatment.
Universal Reach at Birth: Family Connects

Summary:How do we screen all families in a population at a single time point, identify family-specific risks, and connect each family with evidence-based community resources that can help them overcome those risks—an approach known as targeted universalism? In this article, Kenneth A. Dodge and W. Benjamin Goodman describe Family Connects, a program designed to do exactly that.Developed and tested in Durham, NC, Family Connects—now in place at 16 sites in the United States—aims to reach every family giving birth in a given community. The program rests on three pillars. The first is home visiting: trained nurses (or other program representatives) welcome new babies into the community, typically at the birthing hospital, then work with the parents to set up one or more home visits when the baby is about three weeks old so they can identify needs and connect the family with community resources. The second pillar, community alignment, is an assembly of all community resources available to families at birth, including child care agencies, mental health providers, government social services, and long-term programs for subgroups of families with identified needs, such as Healthy Families and Early Head Start. The third pillar, data and monitoring, is an electronic data system that acts as a family-specific psychosocial and educational record (much like an electronic health record) to document nurses' assessments of mother and infant, as well as connections with community agencies.In randomized clinical trials, Family Connects has shown promising results. Compared to control group families, families randomly assigned to the program made more connections to community resources. They also reported more positive parenting behaviors and fewer serious injuries or illnesses among their infants, among other desirable outcomes. And in the first five years of life, Family Connects children were significantly less likely to be subject to Child Protective Services investigations than were children in a control group.
CYTOKINE RELEASE SYNDROME AND NEUROTOXICITY BY BASELINE TUMOR BURDEN IN ADULTS WITH RELAPSED OR REFRACTORY DIFFUSE LARGE B‐CELL LYMPHOMA TREATED WITH TISAGENLECLEUCEL

yearly thereafter. A FDG-PET study was performed at six weeks after treatment in all patients. Results: Forty-twopatients were enrolled, and 36 patients has completed a three-month assessment. The current overall objective response rate was 34 of 36 (94.4%) with 29 complete remissions (CRs) and 5 partial remissions (PRs). no severe toxicity was observed. Twenty-seven patients occurred Cytokine release syndrome (CRS). This clinical trial is ongoing (www.clinicaltrials.org as NCT03097770).
Targeting focal adhesion signaling in cancer and acquired resistance to focal adhesion kinase inhibitors

In cancer progression, the development of metastases is characteristic of late stage disease and makes treatment and cure more difficult. In order for metastasis to occur, cancer cells must gain motile and invasive phenotypes. As one of the keystone proteins involved in cell motility and invasion, Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) has emerged as a good therapeutic target for the inhibition of metastases via targeted drug design and small molecule inhibitors. Accordingly, a small molecule inhibitor has recently been developed against FAK activation and signaling. However, drug resistance is common among targeted therapies. Development and classification of drug resistant cells elucidated the possible mechanism behind FAK inhibitor resistance such that second-line therapy drugs can be designed to overcome or avoid resistance. The overall data presented herein support the role of FAK as an important drug target in cancer metastasis as well as provide insight and direction for future FAK inhibitor design. %%%%Dans la progression du cancer, le developpement de metastases est caracteristique de la phase terminale et rend le traitement difficile. Afin que des metastases se development, les cellules cancereuses doivent acquerir de la motilite ainsi qu'un phenotype invasif. Considere come l'une des plus importantes proteines participant dans la motilite cellulaire, la prot eine Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) a emerge comme une bonne cible therapeutique pour l'inhibition de metastases par la creation de drogues ciblees et de petites molecules inhibitrices. Par consequent, une molecule inhibitrice de l'activation de FAK et sa signalisation a ete recemment developpee. Cependant, J'ai demontre que la resistance est commune parmis ces drogues. Le developement et la classification des clones de cellules resistantes ont permi d'elucider un mecanisme impiquant en partie une amplification de l'activite FAK; ce mecanisme permetter a de decouvrir des analogues de deuxieme generation pour surmonter ou eviter la resistance. L'ensemble de donnees presentees ci-dessous supportet le role de FAK comme une cible importante dans la prevention de metastases et exposent les futur directions pour contourner la resistance aux inhibiteurs de FAK.
Fetal tibial and foot length for prediction of gestational age: An ultrasonographic study

Introduction: An accurate gestational age is must for Obstetricians and Gynecologists to make appropriate decisions, for identify and counseling women who are at risk of a preterm delivery and to evaluation of fetal growth and the detection of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). In our present study, we worked on fetal tibial length & foot length and found that in normal growing fetus, fetal tibial length increase with advancing gestational age and regression analysis showed a strongly significant relationship between gestational age and fetal tibial length. Materials and Methods: 100 pregnant women underwent ultrasonographic measurements of Tibia and Foot Length from 15 to 36 weeks of gestation, in the Radio diagnosis Department. Results: In our study, we found the earliest age at which Tibia and foot length could be seen by ultrasound was 15 weeks of gestation and mean tibia length 10.25± 0.50, mean foot length is 17.5±1.29 while at 36 weeks of gestation are 70.80±0.84 and 64.4±3.28 respectively. A strongly significant relationship has been observed between fetal foot length and gestational age by regression analysis. Conclusion: Fetal tibia length and foot length can be considered as one of the good parameter for the determination of gestational age. Keywords: Fetal tibial length, Fetal foot length, Gestational age by USG.
Assessment of Knowledge Regarding Osteoporosis Among Female Medical Students at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a worldwide public health problem that affects both male and females. It is a silent progressive disorder that affects the skeletal system and leads to diminished bone density and fracture. Therefore, awareness, attitude, and practices of people about osteoporosis contribute significantly to primary prevention and early detection of disease. Objective: the present study conducted to assess the knowledge of the female medical students at King Faisal University about osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia. Study design: A cross-sectional study conducted at the medical college of King Faisal University at Al-Ahsa region, Saudi Arabia. The study included all female medical students at King Faisal University, through an online self-administered questionnaire using the Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT) questionnaire. Results: The total number of participants was 176 female medical students, with 58.7% response rate. The age of participants ranged between 17 and 27 years, with a mean and standard deviation of 21.46±1.54 years. The participant's knowledge score about osteoporosis was as follow: 65.1% had satisfactory knowledge, 32.2% had poor knowledge, and only 2.3% of the participant had good knowledge. Conclusion: Most of the participants had a satisfactory knowledge score on osteoporosis. However, there was a significant gap in knowledge regarding the risk factors such as high salt intake. The good knowledge score was significantly low in the present study compared to worldwide. Therefore, an educational effort is needed to improve knowledge and the quality and reliability of information about osteoporosis targeted undergraduates and young females in Saudi Arabia.
Knowledge of the Glasgow Coma Scale among Nurses in a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana

Background Knowledge of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is recognized as an asset to all clinical nurses. However, many studies in different countries have reported low levels of knowledge of the GCS among nurses. Little is known about this subject in Ghana. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of Ghanaian nurses about the Glasgow Coma Scale and identify factors associated with their knowledge. Method This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving a convenience sample of 115 nurses from a large teaching hospital in Ghana. We collected data using a structured questionnaire and analysed the data using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, independent samples t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Results A little more than half of the participants (50.4%) had low knowledge of the GCS as a whole. However, with respect to basic theoretical concepts of the GCS, 62.6% of the participants had good knowledge about it, while only 5.2% demonstrated good knowledge on application of the basic knowledge in clinical scenarios. Working in Neurosurgical ward, female gender, and weekly performance of the GCS were associated with higher levels of knowledge. Academic qualification, years of experience as a nurse, and refresher training on GCS were not associated with knowledge. Conclusion The findings from this study showed that nurses in Ghana have low levels of knowledge about the GCS. A more structured approach to teaching the GCS that is very thorough and done with demonstrations should be implemented to improve nurses' knowledge on the GCS.