Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characteristic of a Broadband Ti:LiNbO 3 , Optical Modulator with Buried Electrodes and Etched Grooves in the Buffer Layer

Abstract Traveling wave Ti:LiNbO3 Mach-Zehnder optical modulators with buried electrodes and etched grooves in the SiO2 buffer layer are analyzed by the finite element method. The tradeoff between the bandwidth BW and the half-wave voltage Vπ is discussed. The value of BW/Vπ is used to weight the total performance of the modulator. Taking a thick buffer layer and etching deep grooves in the buffer layer are demonstrated as two effective methods to improve the performance of the modulator. A 3-dB optical bandwidth of 18 GHz with half-wave voltage 5V at a wavelength of 1.55 pm could be obtained even though the electrode is not very thick. When the requirement of half-wave voltage is not very critical, a bandwidth of more than 100 GHz can be obtained.
Multichip differential phase encoded optical transmission

We introduce a new multichip differential phase-shift keying (MC-DPSK) family of advanced optical modulation formats, whereby differential phase encoding is simultaneously applied to multiple (>2) consecutive time slots (chips). Four-chip quaternary phase MC-DPSK attains the same spectral efficiency (SE) as differential quaternary phase-shift keying while improving the quantum limit sensitivity by 1.4 dB [22.4 versus 31 photons per bit at 10/sup -9/ bit-error rate (BER)]. A novel coded version of four-chip four-phase MC-DPSK using 16 codewords forming a maximally unbiased base attains 33% better SE than differential binary phase-shift keying, reaching the lowest quantum limit sensitivity to date (14.6 versus 20 photons per bit at 10/sup -9/ BER).
Serum and follicular fluid levels of IGF-II, IGF-binding protein-4 and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycle between polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and non-PCOS women

Objective. To investigate the difference of serum and follicular expression patterns for IGFα, IGFBP4 and PAPP-A in COH cycle between PCOS and non-PCOS women. Methods. COH was performed for total 30 sterile women (20 with PCOS and 10 with normal ovarian function). The serum and follicular fluid (FF)from dominant follicles levels of IGFα, IGFBP4 and PAPP-A before COH, day of hCG, and were measured using an ELISA. Results. The PCOS women had significantly higher day 3 serum PAPP-A, day of hCG serum IGFBP-4, and ff IGF-II levels compared to the normoovulatory subjects. Serum levels of IGF-II and IGFBP-4 in PCOS women had increased after gonadotropins stimulation, and yet PAPP-A was decreased. Within the PCOS women, day of hCG serum IGFBP-4 was strongly correlated with BMI (r = 0.777; P = 0.000), day of hCG IGF II (r = −0.573, p = 0.008), ff IGF II (r = −0.573, p = 0.008) and ff PAPP-A (r = −0.461, p = 0.041) was inversely related to diameter >16 mm follicle number and day 3 PAPP-A correlated to diameter >16 mm follicle number (r = 0.474; p = 0.035). Conclusions. Ovarian IGF system on the gonadotropin response to differences in the PCOS and non-PCOS women in COH cycle, and may indicate a inordinate IGF system that might disturb folliculogenesis in PCOS women.
From the Society for Clinical Vascular Surgery Open vs . endovascular repair of isolated iliac artery aneurysms : A 12-year experience

Objective: To examine contemporary operative techniques and outcomes for repair of isolated iliac artery aneurysms. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients who underwent repair of an isolated iliac artery aneurysm from February 1995 to June 2007. Mycotic aneurysms and patients with concurrent infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms greater than 3.5 cm in diameter were excluded from analysis. Patients with prior abdominal aortic aneurysm repair were not excluded. Results: Fifty-six patients (96% male; mean age, 72 10 years) had either open (n 24) or endovascular (n 32) repair with median follow-up of 36 months. Seven patients were treated for rupture, six with open repair, and one with an endograft. Average aneurysm size for patients in the open and endovascular repair cohorts was 4.5 2.4 cm and 4.0 1.1 cm, respectively (P .35). One episode of endograft limb thrombosis at five months was treated with catheterdirected thrombolytic therapy and stent placement. Thirty-day mortality for patients undergoing elective and emergent open repair was 1/18 (6%) and 1/6 (17%), respectively. There was no 30-day mortality for the endovascular group. Median length of stay was 10.5 days in the open group and one day in the endovascular elective group (P < .01). There was no mid-term aneurysm-related mortality in either group. Primary patency rates were similar between the open and endovascular groups at five years (100% vs. 96%, P .07). Aneurysm sac diameter decreased in 67% (21/28) of patients that underwent endovascular repair. One patient with a Type III endoleak required relining of the endograft with a second endograft at 72 months. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that in appropriately selected patients, endovascular repair of isolated iliac artery aneurysms is a safe, effective alternative to open repair with mid-term follow-up. Endovascular repair is associated with a significantly reduced hospital length of stay and may be associated with decreased need for transfusion and mortality when compared with open repair. ( J Vasc Surg 2009;49:1147-53.)
Evaluation of the Sporicidal Activity of Ethanol Extract of Arctium lappa Root against Bacillus cereus

Article history: Received: 9 Feb 2013 Accepted: 16 Mar 2013 Available online: 29 June 2013 ZJRMS 2014 Oct; 16(10): 47-49 Background: Bacillus cereus is one of the most common causes of food spoilage, keratitis, endophthalmitis, and panophthalmitis. These bacteria produce spores which are resistant to chemical and physical agents. Nowadays, the sporicidal properties of plants have been considered as alternatives to chemical sporicidal agents. Materials and Methods: In this empirical-experimental study the effect of ethanol extract of edible burdock (Arctium lappa) root has been studied on Bacillus cereus spores. In this investigation, the suspensions of tested microorganisms were cultured in sporulating agar. Sporulation process was assessed by optical microscopy following the staining of spores. Then the produced spores were exposed to various concentrations (100, 150, 200, 250, 300 mg/mL) of ethanol extract of edible burdock (Arctium lappa) root and finally the remaining spores were counted. With increasing concentrations of ethanol extract, the number of spores declined. Results: Pearson correlation showed inverse relation between the spores count and concentration of ethanol extract of edible burdock (Arctium lappa) root (r=-0.765, p<0.001). The most effective extract concentration was 300 mg /mL. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of edible burdock (Arctium lappa) root, has sporicidal activity. Only, the sporicidal nature of ethanol extract has been evaluated by this study; therefore, the assessment of other extracts and essences is necessary. Copyright © 2014 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Strengthening Aluminum Scrap by Alloying with Iron

The aim of this research is to experimentally study the effect of strengthening aluminum scrap by iron powder in order to achieve better mechanical properties. Aluminum scrap is melted in a heated furnace to form a melt composition. The melt is adjusted to form the present composition, consisting essentially of iron, 1,2,3 and 5 wt%. The alloys were made by melting scrap aluminum using an induction furnace, and then iron powder was added to the melt. The composition is then casted into steel moulds to be later machined to produce tensile tests specimens. The mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of the fabricated alloys were studied through optical, Hardness survey, and tensile testing. Superior properties were obviously manifested in the cast aluminum with 1 wt% iron addition. Ultimate tensile strength and elongation to fracture and Vickers hardness were all increased by 72 %, 60%, and 7% respectively.
The Reliability and Validity of Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia - Present and Life-time Version - Persian Version.

BACKGROUND The validity and reliability of a Persian version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL-P) was evaluated. METHOD The K-SADS-PL-P was administered to 102 inpatients (mean age = 15.3 yrs, SD = 1.81) in a child and adolescent psychiatric ward. The psychometric properties were evaluated in comparison to the results of clinical diagnosis. RESULTS The K-SADS-PL-P showed good-to-excellent concurrent validity in diagnosing current major disorders. Test-retest reliabilities of most of the current diagnoses were also good to excellent. CONCLUSION The Persian version of the K-SADS-PL provides reliable and valid youth psychiatric diagnoses.
Empirically Distinguishing Informative and Prestige Effects of Advertising

This article introduces techniques to empirically distinguish different effects of brand advertising in nondurable, experience goods markets. I argue that advertisements that give consumers product information should primarily affect consumers who have never tried the brand, whereas advertisements that create prestige or image effects should affect both inexperienced and experienced users. I apply this empirical argument to consumer-level data on purchases of a newly introduced brand of yogurt. Empirical results indicate that the advertisements for this brand primarily affect inexperienced users of the brand. I conclude that the primary effect of these advertisements was that of informing consumers. Copyright 2001 by the RAND Corporation.
11 Ulcerative Proctitis

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of digestive tract of unknown cause. This disease is characterized by a chronic course with alternating periods of activity and clinical remission. The incidence of UC in America has a range extending from 2.2 to 14.3 per 100,000 population per year [1]. The continuous involvement from the rectum to proximal presents an extension that is variable among patients and in the course of the disease [2]. The extension of the compromise determines its clinical presentation, the treatment and prognosis of UC [2]. Depending on the size, it is classified as proctitis or ulcerative proctitis (UP) when it affects the rectum; left or distal colitis when inflammation is distal to the splenic flexure and extended colitis when the inflammation reaches the transverse colon, right or has an involvement the entire colon [2]. Several studies have attempted to establish the factors that determine the extension of the involvement. Among the factors associated with rectal compromise are middle age patients, absence of serious bleeding and absence of extraintestinal manifestations [3]. However, these factors have not been replicated, so even today there are no factors strongly related to PU [1,4]. The mayority of the new cases are diagnosed in adults as a PU or distal colitis [1,5]. Although initial reports indicated that PU had a low frequency [6], recent studies reported that incidence has been increasing up to 48% and 60% [4,7], whereas the incidence of colitis has been decreasing in most geographic areas [8]. Some authors have suggested that PU represents a completely different clinical entity from the CU [8-9]. However, most authors agree that the PU is an initial form of CU with the potential to extend into the proximal segments of the colon [10-12]. Ulcerative proctitis, unlike other forms of more extensive presentation of CU, is clinically characterized by bleeding and or rectal pushing, without systemic symptoms or abnormal physical examination or laboratory tests and can be treated solely with topical rectal therapies [7]. The 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASA) and corticosteroids are available for topical use as a local anti-inflammatory agents [7]. These drugs can get straight to the site of inflammation, which decreases systemic absorption and minimize potential side effects [7,13]. The oral 5-ASA is also an alternative prior to the use of corticosteroids, as these have a number of risks and limitations in short and long term use, reserving for very severe active PU [14]. When refractory to previous treatment, drugs that can be used to induce and maintain remission are immunomodulators such as azathioprine [15], 6-mercaptopurine [16] and/or Infliximab therapy [17-18].
Hybrid Retrieval-Generation Reinforced Agent for Medical Image Report Generation

Generating long and coherent reports to describe medical images poses challenges to bridging visual patterns with informative human linguistic descriptions. We propose a novel Hybrid Retrieval-Generation Reinforced Agent (HRGR-Agent) which reconciles traditional retrieval-based approaches populated with human prior knowledge, with modern learning-based approaches to achieve structured, robust, and diverse report generation. HRGR-Agent employs a hierarchical decision-making procedure. For each sentence, a high-level retrieval policy module chooses to either retrieve a template sentence from an off-the-shelf template database, or invoke a low-level generation module to generate a new sentence. HRGR-Agent is updated via reinforcement learning, guided by sentence-level and word-level rewards. Experiments show that our approach achieves the state-of-the-art results on two medical report datasets, generating well-balanced structured sentences with robust coverage of heterogeneous medical report contents. In addition, our model achieves the highest detection accuracy of medical terminologies, and improved human evaluation performance.
Adapting sentiment analysis system from English to Slovak

Cross-lingual adaptation is very important and challenging for minor languages. This paper proposes an adaptation system for sentiment analysis based on dictionaries. It is a difficult and time-consuming task to adapt a dictionary from major languages such as English to minor languages such as Slovak. This system uses evolutionary algorithms to replace a human annotator during the labeling process. We compared a human-labeled dictionary with the dictionaries labeled by Particle Swarm Optimization and Bare Bones Particle Swarm Optimization. These PSO labeled dictionaries outperformed the human labeled dictionary and assigned better polarity values to the words in the dictionaries.
A Charge-Plasma-Based Transistor With Induced Graded Channel for Enhanced Analog Performance

In this paper, using the charge-plasma concept, we propose an effective technique to implement a graded channel (GC) nanoscale MOSFET without the need for a separate implantation. The characteristics are demonstrated and compared with conventional dopingless, junctionless, and underlap inversion-mode MOSFET. The results show that the proposed GC device exhibits reduced drain-induced barrier lowering, improved intrinsic gain (AV), cutoff frequency (fT), and maximum oscillation frequency (fMAX). Our approach overcomes the difficulty of creating a narrow GC doping profile and, thus, makes the GC MOSFET more attractive in carrying on with the scaling trend. The possible fabrication process flow of GC-double-gate (DG) FET is also proposed.
Bayesian Forecasting of Stock Prices Via the Ohlson Model

Over the past decade of accounting and finance research, the Ohlson (1995) model has been widely adopted as a framework for stock price prediction. While using the accounting data of 391 companies from SP500 in this paper, Bayesian statistical techniques are adopted to enhance both the estimative and predictive qualities of the Ohlson model comparing to the classical approaches. Specifically, the classical methods are used for the exploratory data analysis and then the Bayesian strategies are applied using Markov chain Monte Carlo method in three stages: individual analysis for each company, grouping analysis for each group and adaptive analysis by pooling information across companies. The base data, which consist of 20 quarters’ observations starting from the first quarter of 1998, are used to make inferences for the regression coefficients (or parameters), evaluate the model adequacy and predict the stock price for the first quarter of 2004, when the real observations are set as the test data to evaluate the predictive ability of the Ohlson model. The results are averaged within each specified group categorized via the general industrial classification (GIC). The empirical results show that classical models result in larger stock price prediction errors, more positivelybiased predictions and have much smaller explanatory powers than Bayesian models. A few transformations of both classical and Bayesian models are also performed in this paper, however, transformations of the classical models do not outweigh the usefulness of applying Bayesian statistics.
A COMPREHENSIVE X-RAY ABSORPTION MODEL FOR ATOMIC OXYGEN

An analytical formula is developed to accurately represent the photoabsorption cross section of O i for all energies of interest in X-ray spectral modeling. In the vicinity of the K edge, a Rydberg series expression is used to fit R-matrix results, including important orbital relaxation effects, that accurately predict the absorption oscillator strengths below threshold and merge consistently and continuously to the above-threshold cross section. Further, minor adjustments are made to the threshold energies in order to reliably align the atomic Rydberg resonances after consideration of both experimental and observed line positions. At energies far below or above the K-edge region, the formulation is based on both outer- and inner-shell direct photoionization, including significant shake-up and shake-off processes that result in photoionization-excitation and double-photoionization contributions to the total cross section. The ultimate purpose for developing a definitive model for oxygen absorption is to resolve standing discrepancies between the astronomically observed and laboratory-measured line positions, and between the inferred atomic and molecular oxygen abundances in the interstellar medium from xstar and spex spectral models.
VITRIFICATION INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN SPERMATOZOA FROM FERTILE AND SUBFERTILE MEN

Background: Phospholipids are distributed asymmetrically between inner and outer leaflets of the plasma membrane of live cells. Early during apoptosis, this asymmetry is disrupted and phosphatidylserine becomes exposed on the outside surface of the plasma membrane. There is little information about the effects of vitrification on apoptosis. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of vitrification on apoptosis of subfertile and fertile men. Materials and Methods: In this study, semen samples were collected from subfertile (n=20) and fertile men (n=10) after 48h abstinence of intercourse. After semen analysis according to WHO criterias, each semen sample was divided into two portions. First portion was assessed by Annexin V-flous staining kit for showing apoptosis in subfertile and fertile men and second portion was assessed after vitrification-thawing. Results were analyzed by Paired t-test and Independent t-test. Results: After vitrification-thawing, mean percentage of apoptotic spermatozoa has increased 6 and 3 times in subfertile and fertile men respectively. This difference is significant. Conclusion: Vitrification-thawing could disrupted membrane asymmetry and caused apoptosis. Therefore, it will cause reduction of functional spermatozoa in access of Assisted Reproduction Technologies (ART).
Effect of substitution on the transport properties of the half-Heusler alloy ZrNiSn

Substituted semiconductor alloys exhibit effects due to doping and disorder. To focus on the effect of disorder on transport properties, we have investigated isoelectronic Zr/sub 1-x/Hf/sub x/NiSn (x=0.0-0.3) and heavily substituted Zr/sub 0.5/Hf/sub 0.5/Ni/sub 0.7/Pd/sub 0.3/Sn/sub 0.95/, half Heusler alloys. Upon substitution, Zr/sub 1-x/Hf/sub x/NiSn alloys exhibit resistivity ratios R=/spl rho//sub 4.2K///spl rho//sub 295K/ as large as /spl sim/300 and thermally activated conduction in the temperature range 100-295K. At 4.2K, the (Zr,Hf)NiSn alloys possess carrier densities of /spl sim/10/sup 16/ to 10/sup 18/ cm/sup -3/ and carrier mobilities in the range /spl sim/100-350 cm/sup 2//V-s. The opposite signs exhibited by the Hall coefficient and thermopower, along with the saturation of resistivity at low temperature in ZrNiSn and Zr/sub 0.5/Hf/sub 0.5/Ni/sub 0.7/Pd/sub 0.3/Sn/sub 0.95/ alloys indicate band overlapping. Various scenarios of bandgap structures are discussed.
Design of Miniaturized Microstrip LPF and Wideband BPF With Ultra-Wide Stopband

This letter presents a novel lowpass filter (LPF) structure which consists of a section of high-impedance microstrip line (HIML) with a pair of radial stubs (RSs) loaded at its center and a pair of stepped-impedance open stubs (SIOSs) loaded on both ends of HIML. The RSs loaded HIML exhibits a lowpass property and has a wide stopband. The loaded SIOSs not only can improve the roll-off rate of LPF significantly but also is able to extend the stopband. Based on such a LPF structure, a pair of highpass shorted HIMLs are paralleled on both sides of LPF to construct a wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with wide stopband. To validate the proposed method, two filters, i.e., a LPF with cutoff frequency f<sub>c</sub> at 1.07 GHz and a BPF centered at f<sub>0</sub> = 0.89 GHz with -3 dB fractional bandwidth of 87%, are designed and fabricated. The measured results show the fabricated LPF has a -20 dB isolation bandwidth from 1.27 f<sub>c</sub> to 13.7f<sub>c</sub> while the fabricated BPF has a -20 dB isolation bandwidth from 1.56 f<sub>0</sub> to 15 f0. Moreover, the fabricated LPF and BPF also have the compact size of 0.107 λ<sub>gc</sub> ×0.083 λ<sub>gc</sub> and 0.123 λ<sub>g0</sub> ×0.073 λ<sub>g0</sub>, respectively. Good agreement can be observed between the simulation and measurement.
Effect of Browning on Total Phenolic , Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity in Indian Gooseberry ( Phyllanthus emblica Linn . )

Browning of Indian Gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica Linn.) for 4 hr caused significant (p<0.05) increase in total phenolic from 1,790.4 to 1,923.5 mg gallic acid equivalence/ 100 g fresh weight (FW) and in flavonoid content from 143.1 to 148.2 mg catechin equivalence/ 100 g FW. HPLC analysis indicated that quercetin also increased significantly (p<0.05) from 2.8 to 3.4 mg/ 100 g FW after 4 hr of browning. While kaempferol was only found in the 6 hr browning sample (0.2 mg/ 100 g FW). Total antioxidant activity (TAC) as determined by ORAC method increased to 98.3 μmoles Trolox equivalence/ 100 g FW in 6 hr browning sample. It was shown that TAC had a good correlation with quercetin (r=0.711). In addition, TAC and quercetin exhibited high correlation with browning index of the Indian Gooseberry (r=0.720 and 0.977, respectively). Therefore quercetin, as flavonol compound, could represent changes in flavonoids as well as a good quality indicator for antioxidant activity (ORAC) in Indian Gooseberry.
New FeNbB-based bulk amorphous and nanocomposite soft magnetic alloys

This paper deals with results on preparation and magnetic characterization over a wide frequency range of (Fe,Co,Ni)/sub 70/Nb/sub 10/B/sub 20/ new bulk amorphous and nanocomposite alloys. Their structure is either fully amorphous or consisting of very fine 5-10 nm /spl alpha/-Fe(Co) particles dispersed within the amorphous matrix. Saturation inductions of about 0.85 T, relative permeabilities of 7/spl times/10/sup 4/ (at 80 Hz), and coercive fields of 40 A/m are determined for new Fe-Nb-B-based bulk amorphous torroids, whereas in nanocomposite cast bars, H/sub c/ varies between 180 and 360 A/m in the as-cast state and decreases by about half when the refined nanocrystalline structure is achieved. In the frequency range 50 Hz to 2 kHz, magnetic permeability decreases from 7/spl times/10/sup 4/ to 0.5/spl times/10/sup 4/. The potential impact of these materials on engineering applications is presented in connection with their specific magnetic behavior and casting ability.