Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary function in women: comparative analysis of conventional versus single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

OBJECTIVE to evaluate the pulmonary function of women submitted to conventional and single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS forty women with symptomatic cholelithiasis, aged 18 to 70 years, participated in the study. We divided the patients into two groups: 21 patients underwent conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and 19, single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We assessed pulmonary function through forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), and the FEV1/FVC ratio, measured before and 24 hours after the procedure. RESULTS in both groups, FVC and FEV1 were lower in the postoperative period than those obtained in the preoperative period, with a greater reduction in the group undergoing conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Regarding the FEV1/FVC (%) values, there was no statistically significant difference in any of the groups or times analyzed. CONCLUSION there was a greater decline in FVC and FEV1 in the postoperative group of patients submitted to conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
What's in a Like?: Attitudes and behaviors around receiving Likes on Facebook

What social value do Likes on Facebook hold? This research examines people's attitudes and behaviors related to receiving one-click feedback in social media. Likes and other kinds of lightweight affirmation serve as social cues of acceptance and maintain interpersonal relationships, but may mean different things to different people. Through surveys and de-identified, aggregated behavioral Facebook data, we find that in general, people care more about who Likes their posts than how many Likes they receive, desiring feedback most from close friends, romantic partners, and family members other than their parents. While most people do not feel strongly that receiving “enough” Likes is important, roughly two-thirds of posters regularly receive more than “enough. ” We also note a “Like paradox,” a phenomenon in which people's friends receive more Likes because their friends have more friends to provide those Likes. Individuals with lower levels of self-esteem and higher levels of self-monitoring are more likely to think that Likes are important and to feel bad if they do not receive “enough” Likes. The results inform product design and our understanding of how lightweight interactions shape our experiences online.
From Policy to Practice - Education in Infection Prevention and Control

Introduction Education is pivotal to the outcome of effective healthcare-associated training programmes and nowhere is this more apparent than in infection prevention and control (IPC). 1 Undergraduate training in healthcare is usually based on the theory of clinical activity and the practical aspects are learnt through apprenticeship.2 The curriculum is packed into an intensive four or five years mainly focusing on clinical specialities such as surgery, medicine, paediatrics, obstetrics and gynaecology and chronic diseases. most of these clinical practices are procedure based while IPC, in its essence, is based on processes which encompass, but are not exclusively attributed to, procedures alone. The basics of IPC principles, such as hand hygiene, require all healthcare practitioners (and others) to consider IPC as an integral part of their lives and working practice.
The Midweight Method to Measure Attitudes Toward Risk and Ambiguity

This paper introduces a parameter-free method for measuring the weighting functions of prospect theory and rank-dependent utility. These weighting functions capture risk attitudes, subjective beliefs, and ambiguity attitudes. Our method, called the midweight method, is based on a convenient way to obtain midpoints in the weighting function scale. It can be used both for risk (known probabilities) and for uncertainty (unknown probabilities). The resulting integrated treatment of risk and uncertainty is particularly useful for measuring ambiguity, i.e., the difference between uncertainty and risk. Compared to existing methods to measure weighting functions and attitudes toward uncertainty and ambiguity, our method is more efficient and can accommodate violations of expected utility under risk. An experiment demonstrates the tractability of our method, yielding plausible results such as ambiguity aversion for moderate and high likelihoods but ambiguity seeking for low likelihoods, as predicted by Ellsberg. This paper was accepted by George Wu, decision analysis.
In Utero Phase Carcinogenicity Testing

Early experimentation with transplacental exposure (1940s) demonstrated that expression of lung tumors in mice was enhanced when urethane was given during development in utero. In 1970, a U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) expert panel on the safety evaluation of food additives and pesticides met and recommended that an in utero exposure phase be added to carcinogenicity testing (U.S. FDA, 1 971). An analysis was conducted of studies in the open scientific literature, in food additive studies available in FDA files and in studies performed by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). While exposure to rodents during only the adult phase provided qualitatively similar results, early neonatal exposure typically provided slightly higher incidences of turnors, and decreased latency to turn or onset in certain scientific studies. In a series of studies recently performed by the NIEHS with three known animal carcinogens, neonatal or adult exposure produced similar tumors in similar tissues. The food additive saccharin, which shows bladder tumors, and eugenol reliably produced tumors only with neonatal exposure. Implieations for carcinogenicity testing of food additives are discussed in light of these experi-mental findings.
Biological prognostic factors for early stage completely resected non–small cell lung cancer

The different and unpredictable outcomes in early‐stage non–small cell lung cancer patients requires urgent research concerning the biological pathway of this neoplasm. Our study investigated the frequency of expression and the clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of a series of biological markers in stage I and II resected non–small cell lung cancer.
User-Generated Content and Bias in News Media

In this study, we investigate newspapers' decision to expand their product lines by adding online editions that incorporate user-generated content. We demonstrate that such product line extensions mitigate the extent of slanting in print media. The results also show that as the extent of discretion of users to generate online content increases, print versions of newspapers become more polarized. Furthermore, adding online editions results in reduced profits for newspapers as the additional product variants increase the intensity of competition in the market and the discretion awarded to users limits the ability of newspapers to extract rents from consumers. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi. org/10.1287/mnsc.2013. 1746 . This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
Working Harder or Hardly Working? Posting Performance Eliminates Social Loafing and Promotes Social Laboring in Workgroups

The current paper examines how posting performance---an act that triggers increased social comparisons between workers---influences employees' motivation when working in groups. In the study, posting employee performance moderated the relationship between groupwork and employee motivation. When individual performance was publicly posted in the workplace, employees working in a group performed better than when working alone i.e., social laboring; however, when individual performance was not posted, employees working in a group performed worse than when working alone i.e., social loafing. The findings shed light on how social comparisons can have positive implications for employee performance in groups. This paper was accepted by Jesper Sorensen, organizations.
Challenges of a Pregnancy Gone Wrong: Pregnancy Complications, Illness Perceptions and Distress

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv LIST OF FIGURES . x LIST OF TABLES . xi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 Types of pregnancy complications. 3 Anxiety and pregnancy complications . 4 General Bio-psychosocial Model of Anxiety in Pregnancy . 10 Illness perceptions . 13 A Theoretical Model of Coping with Illness. 13 Illness perceptions of people experiencing diabetes . 19 Illness perceptions of people experiencing hypertension. 21 Illness perceptions of people experiencing pain . 24 General research on illness perceptions/illness representations. 26 Summary . 28 Conclusion . 29 CHAPTER TWO: MIXED METHOD STUDY . 30 Aim . 30 Method . 30 Ethical Approval . 30 vii Participants . 30 Materials and scoring . 31 Data Analysis . 34 Results . 35 Participants . 35 Main Themes . 35 Experience of pregnancy as distressful . 35 Lack of perceived control over the pregnancy complication . 36 Lack of symptoms may increase anxiety . 38 Experience equates to increased support seeking behaviours . 40 Consequences . 42 Perceived causes. 43 Common Sense Model . 44 Discussion . 49 Conclusion . 50 Research objectives for Quantitative Study . 51 Implications for planning the quantitative study. 52 CHAPTER THREE: QUANTITATIVE STUDY . 53 Aim . 53 Hypotheses . 53 Method . 54 Design . 54
Composição florística da floresta ciliar do rio Mandassaia, Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil

The floristics of a gallery forest along the Mandassaia River, Chapada Diamantina National Park, Bahia State, Brazil) A floristic survey of angiosperm species were performed in a gallery forest along the course of the Mandassaia River (an affluent of the Santo Antônio River) in the Municipality of Lençóis, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil (12o33’S x 41o25’W). We intended to describe the flora and examine the potential role of altitude and geographical distance on the flora composition, comparing results with previous surveys of gallery forests at different locations at the same major watershed. The floristic survey identified 116 species, belonging to 96 genera and 51 families. The families with the greatest species richness were Melastomataceae, Fabaceae, Orchidaceae, Asteraceae, Myrtaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Apocynaceae. Similarity analyses between the arboreal components of the gallery forest of the Mandassaia River and other gallery forests previously examined within the Santo Antonio basin indicated that geographical distance was the most important factor, as closer areas had close similarity values regardless of their altitude. Indicator species for the riparian forests of the Santo Antônio River basin in the Chapada Diamantina include Alchornea triplinervia, Clusia nemorosa, Simarouba amara, Tapirira guianensis, and Vochysia pyramidalis.
Privacy Policy Negotiation in Social Media

Social media involve many shared items, such as photos, which may concern more than one user. The challenge is that users’ individual privacy preferences for the same item may conflict, so an approach that simply merges in some way the users’ privacy preferences may provide unsatisfactory results. Previous proposals to deal with the problem were either time-consuming or did not consider compromises to solve these conflicts (e.g., by considering unilaterally imposed approaches only). We propose a negotiation mechanism for users to agree on a compromise for these conflicts. The second challenge we address in this article relates to the exponential complexity of such a negotiation mechanism. To address this, we propose heuristics that reduce the complexity of the negotiation mechanism and show how substantial benefits can be derived from the use of these heuristics through extensive experimental evaluation that compares the performance of the negotiation mechanism with and without these heuristics. Moreover, we show that one such heuristic makes the negotiation mechanism produce results fast enough to be used in actual social media infrastructures with near-optimal results.
Signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in women and men.

INTRODUCTION Women are more likely to present temporomandibular disorders (TMD); however, studies comparing genders in Brazilian samples are rare. PURPOSE To analyze the proportion of men and women, as well as the association between gender and age, problem duration, and TMD symptoms in patients admitted to an university clinic for treatment. METHODS Interview and assessment data of protocols from 1,000 patients diagnosed with TMD were collected and analyzed and then divided into two groups, male (n = 177) and female (n = 823). The exploratory analysis was based on contingency tables and χ2 test was carried out. Subsequently, the logistic regression model was used and the odds ratios (OR) concerning the evaluated comparisons were calculated. RESULTS Females were more prevalent in the sample, and mean ages and TMD duration were similar between the groups, with higher occurrence in young adults (19 to 40 years old). The OR values showed an association between the female gender and the signs/symptoms of pain in the temporomandibular joint, pain in the facial muscles, neck and shoulders, headache, fatigue in the muscles of mastication, otologic symptoms, and dysphonia. Women had two times higher chances of presenting these symptoms than men. CONCLUSION In the sample of Brazilian patients with TMD, the number of women who presented a higher prevalence of painful symptoms was greater, followed by otologic symptoms and complaints of dysphonia. The prevalence of joint noise was similar in both studied groups.
Vertical Scope, Turbulence, and the Benefits of Commitment and Flexibility

We address the contested state of theory and the mixed empirical evidence on the relationship between turbulence and vertical scope by studying how turbulence affects the benefits of commitment from integrated development of components and the benefits of flexibility from sourcing components externally. We show that increasing turbulence first increases but then decreases the relative value of vertical integration. Moderate turbulence reduces the value of flexibility by making supplier selection more difficult and increases the value of commitment by mitigating the status quo bias of integrated structures. Both effects improve the value of integration. Higher levels of turbulence undermine the adaptive benefits of commitment, but have a less adverse effect on flexibility, making nonintegration more attractive. We also show how complexity and uneven rates of turbulence moderate the nonmonotonic relationship between turbulence and integration. This paper was accepted by Jesper Sorensen, organizations.
Is 131I ablation necessary for patients with low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma and slightly elevated stimulated thyroglobulin after thyroidectomy?

ABSTRACT Objective This prospective study evaluated the recurrence rate in low-risk patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) who presented slightly elevated thyroglobulin (Tg) after thyroidectomy and who did not undergo ablation with 131I. Subjects and methods The study included 53 low-risk patients (nonaggressive histology; pT1b-3, cN0pNx, M0) with slightly elevated Tg after thyroidectomy (> 1 ng/mL, but ≤ 5 ng/mL after levothyroxine withdrawal or ≤ 2 ng/mL after recombinant human TSH). Results The time of follow-up ranged from 36 to 96 months. Lymph node metastases were detected in only one patient (1.9%). Fifty-two patients continued to present negative neck ultrasound. None of these patients without apparent disease presented an increase in Tg. Conclusions Low-risk patients with PTC who present slightly elevated Tg after thyroidectomy do not require ablation with 131I.
Herpes Zoster and Progression to AIDS in a Cohort of Individuals Who Seroconverted to Human Immunodeficiency Virus

A prospective study of 1,198 individuals who seroconverted to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was conducted to estimate the incidence and determinants of herpes zoster and to determine whether herpes zoster can accelerate the progression to AIDS. Herpes zoster was diagnosed for 48 individuals (4%). After adjusting for the CD4 cell count, individuals acquiring HIV infection through sexual contact were more likely to have herpes zoster than were injection drug users (relative hazard, 1.50). The crude relative hazard of AIDS for individuals who had herpes zoster compared with those without herpes zoster was 2.44 ; the adjusted relative hazard was 1.08. After adjusting for the CD4 cell count, fever was the only specific characteristic of herpes zoster that was significantly associated with a more rapid progression to AIDS (relative hazard, 6.52). Data suggest that herpes zoster occurs more frequently in individuals acquiring HIV infection through sexual transmission. There was no evidence that herpes zoster per se is an independent cofactor of progression of HIV disease, although febrile episodes of herpes zoster may predict a faster progression to AIDS.
The Effects of Clinical Rounds on Patients in Internal Wards of Hospitals Affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences: The Viewpoints of Clinical Care Team

Introduction: Clinical rounds as one of the clinical teaching methods, may cause adverse effects on patients; and the medical team is able to report such problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of clinical rounds on patients from medical teams' points of view. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 members of clinical care team including clerkship and internship students and nurses who were selected through convenient sampling method in educational hospitals affiliated to Isfahan Medical University. A questionnaire containing demo-graphic features, items asking the medical team's viewpoint about the method of running medical rounds, the list of events experienced by the patient, and medical team opinions regarding the patients' feelings toward the manner of clinical round was distributed as self-administered. The data was analyzed by SPSS software using frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation, and the comparisons were made by ANOVA. Results: The medical team believed that patients had the most satisfaction from performing procedures by interns and residents, precision and follow up in therapeutic affairs, general outcome of hospitalization, and the duration of visits. Their least satisfaction was about the number of examiners, the duration of patient's encounter with the main physician, explanation about the disease and taking the patient’s opinion into account in decision making. Conclusion: Based on the medical team's opinion, the current method of clinical rounds may cause dissatis-faction in patients and result in undesirable consequences. Revision and reforming the current situation of rounds can lead to the improvement of this process.
Damage control orthopedics in a patient with polytrauma complicated with thyroid storm

Introduction: the concept of damage control orthopaedics (DcO) especially in a polytrauma patient compounded with other medical conditions being vigorously advocated by orthopaedic trauma surgeons. case report: Presenting a case of a polytrauma patient with thyroid storm. the decision on DcO in this patient being discussed. conclusion: the decision about the timing of surgery should be based on the patients’ condition as a whole. careful planning and definition of priorities in each individual patient is essential. this holistic approach will see that patient safety care improves.
Edge-centric Computing: Vision and Challenges

In many aspects of human activity, there has been a continuous struggle between the forces of centralization and decentralization. Computing exhibits the same phenomenon; we have gone from mainframes to PCs and local networks in the past, and over the last decade we have seen a centralization and consolidation of services and applications in data centers and clouds. We position that a new shift is necessary. Technological advances such as powerful dedicated connection boxes deployed in most homes, high capacity mobile end-user devices and powerful wireless networks, along with growing user concerns about trust, privacy, and autonomy requires taking the control of computing applications, data, and services away from some central nodes (the "core") to the other logical extreme (the "edge") of the Internet. We also position that this development can help blurring the boundary between man and machine, and embrace social computing in which humans are part of the computation and decision making loop, resulting in a human-centered system design. We refer to this vision of human-centered edge-device based computing as Edge-centric Computing. We elaborate in this position paper on this vision and present the research challenges associated with its implementation.
Hearing loss and diabetes mellitus: Evidences of cochlear microangiopathy?

Abstract Background: Associations have been reported between diabetes mellitus and sensorineural hearing loss. Nonetheless, at the present time, the pathophysiological relationship between these two conditions is still unclear. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that produces complications of vascular and neurological malfunction in those with the disorder; possible microvascular involvement of the inner ear has been proposed in order to explain this pathophysiological relationship. Objective and Methods: The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between diabetes mellitus and sensorineural hearing loss, through a PubMed database systematic review. Results and Conclusion: The association between diabetes and hearing loss still remains controversial. Large cohort studies are necessary in order to evaluate if diabetes mellitus causes specific changes in the inner ear, due to microvascular disease.
Fenologia, morfologia floral e visitantes de Psychotria brachypoda (Müll. Arg.) Britton (Rubiaceae) em uma área de Floresta Atlântica, Sudeste do Brasil

In this paper, the phenological pattern, floral biology, most frequent floral visitors and fruit set of Psychotria brachypoda are described. This study was carried out in Atlantic forest from October 2003 to September 2005. Flowering was annual and intermediate, occurring from August to January. Mature fruit production occurred from March to July 2004 and from February to June 2005. Corolla length and diameter of thrum flowers were larger than those of pin flowers. Although stigma length corresponded approximately to stamen length in each morph, exact reciprocal hercogamy did not occur. The nectar was more concentrated at 06:30h (33%) and more diluted at 14:30h (26%). Flowers in which nectar was collected throughout the day had about three times more nectar than flowers in which nectar was collected once at the end of the day. There were 24 plants with thrum flowers and 25 plants with pin flowers, indicating an isopletic population. The main floral visitors were females and males of the hummingbird Thalurania glaucopis, bees of the tribe Trigonini and of the genus Euglossa, three Lepidoptera species, one Diptera species and one Coleoptera. Fruit was produced in 13.7% of the total number of marked flowers, with similar production in both morphs. Thalurania glaucopis is probably the most important pollinator of P. brachypoda, because it often visits many flowers from different individuals of P. brachypoda, probably transferring pollen among them.