Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy in Women With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Pregnancy places a significant burden on the cardiovascular system and may lead to heart failure, arrhythmias, and, rarely, maternal mortality in women with pre-existent heart disease. The objective of this review was to provide an overview of maternal and fetal outcomes and complications of pregnancy in women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). A systematic review of the literature in the MEDLINE database was performed to identify cohort design studies reporting outcome and complications of pregnancy in HCM. The literature search returned 11 studies on 9 patient cohorts reporting the outcome and complications of pregnancy in HCM. In case of >1 publication on a particular cohort, the most recent publication was included in the analysis. A pooled analysis of the outcome data was performed, and weighted event rates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The analysis of data from 9 cohorts, including 237 women and 408 pregnancies, demonstrated that most pregnancies in women with HCM are uneventful. Still, pregnancy in women with HCM carries maternal and fetal risks. The maternal mortality rate was 0.5%, and any complication or worsening of symptoms occurred in 29% of the patients. Fetal mortality was caused by spontaneous abortion (15%), therapeutic abortion (5%), and stillbirth (2%). Premature birth was observed in 26%. In conclusion, maternal mortality related to pregnancy in women with HCM is low and appears to be confined to women with a high-risk profile before pregnancy. Fetal mortality is comparable to that in the general population; however, the risk of premature birth is increased.
Prevalence of pressure ulcers among the elderly living in long-stay institutions in São Paulo.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE The prevalence of pressure ulcers varies according to geographic region and population group, such as the institutionalized elderly. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of pressure ulcers among elderly people living in long-stay institutions. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study in six long-stay institutions for the elderly in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS Demographic and clinical data were collected in six long-stay institutions on two visits to each institution between May and August 2007, during which all elderly patients with pressure ulcers were evaluated. The Braden scale was used to identify the risk of developing pressure ulcers and the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) stages for classifying the pressure ulcers. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, Student's t-test and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the results between visits. The population was 181 elderly people in May and 184 in August: 23 had pressure ulcers in May (prevalence of 12.7%) and 17 in August (prevalence of 9.2%). The mean age at the two times was 84 years, and the average length of stay was 32 months. Pressure ulcers were found mainly in the sacral region (mean, 71.5%), and most commonly in stage II (mean, 41%). CONCLUSION The prevalence of pressure ulcers was 10.95%. These data provide background information that may aid in developing protocols for applying best practices for prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers, consequently reducing the prevalence.
Executive Compensation under German Corporate Law: Reasonableness, Managerial Incentives and Sustainability in Order to Enhance Optimal Contracting and to Limit Managerial Power

In the aftermath of the Mannesmann case the German corporate law of executive compensation has been increasingly relying on incentive-based payments until the recent financial crisis. By including benchmarks for reasonable compensation in § 87 para. 1 of the Stock Corporation Act (AktG) as amended by the Law on the Appropriateness of Director Compensation in 2009, the German legislator further specified the crucial parameters for executive compensation, thus aligning the compensation agreement with market forces. In addition, a sustainable development of the company’s business is provided for as a guideline for the structure of the compensation system, which is supposed to eliminate adverse incentive effects. However, it is shown that its implementation raises quite a few questions that are far from being resolved yet. That leaves some room for a quite wide discretion of the supervisory board in its decision in compensation matters. Its ensuing responsibility is complemented by the advisory vote of the shareholder meeting on the compensation system under § 120 para. 4 AktG. Upon a closer analysis the pertinent provision shows distrust on the part of the German legislator towards managerial power. Therefore, overall the dilemma whether to rely on optimal contracting as a governance mechanism or to primarily restrain managerial power has not been resolved yet in the German Law on the Appropriateness of Director Compensation of 2009.
Superficial cervico‐vaginal myofibroblastoma: a report of five cases

Aims: To describe the pathological and immunohistochemical features of five cases of superficial cervico‐vaginal myofibroblastoma (SCVM), a recently described mesenchymal tumour affecting middle‐aged and elderly females. Methods: The histological features of five cases of SCVM arising in four patients were reviewed including one case which recurred locally 9 years after initial excision biopsy. All cases were immunostained using the streptavidin‐biotin technique using antisera to vimentin, smooth muscle actin, desmin, S100 protein, cytokeratin, h‐caldesmon, calponin, CD99, CD117 (c‐kit), bcl‐2, oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor. Results: The patients were aged from 40 to 71 years (mean 55.2 years). The tumours were situated within the vagina (four cases) and cervix (one case) and ranged from 16 to 45mm in greatest dimension. One patient had two separate vaginal SCVM. The tumours were characterised by uniform spindle and stellate‐shaped cells separated by a collagenous or myxoid stroma. No mitotic activity was identified. Characteristically the tumours were well circumscribed and separated from the surface epithelium by a rim of normal stroma. The initial and recurrent tumours in one patient were similar except for increased stromal collagen in the recurrence. All tumours were immunoreactive for vimentin, desmin, CD34, CD99, bcl‐2, calponin and hormone receptors while two tumours showed focal smooth muscle actin expression. There was no expression of S100 protein, hcaldesmon, CD117 or cytokeratin. Conclusions: SCVM appears to be a relatively distinct lesion although there is some histological and immunophenotypical overlap with other mesenchymal tumours, particularly fibroepithelial polyp, leiomyoma and solitary fibrous tumour. As local recurrence developed 9 years after intial treatment in one patient, long‐term clinical follow‐up would seem appropriate.
Crl stimulates RpoS activity during stationary phase

RpoS, an alternative primary sigma factor, has been shown to be regulated at multiple levels, including transcription, translation and protein stability. Here, we present evidence that suggests that RpoS is regulated at yet another level by the product of the crl gene. The crl gene was first thought to encode the major curlin subunit of curli (curli are surface structures that are induced by growth into stationary phase under conditions of low osmolarity and low temperature). Later, it was determined that crl actually contributes in a positive fashion to stimulate transcription of csgBA, the true locus encoding for the major subunit of curli. RpoS is also required for normal stationary‐phase induction of csgBA. We found that lesions in crl, like lesions in rpoS, cause increased transcription of ompF during stationary phase. Taken together, these observations prompted us to analyse the effects of crl on an additional RpoS‐regulated phenomenon. We found that a crl null allele influences expression of RpoS‐regulated genes in a fashion similar to an rpoS null allele. Genetic evidence suggests that crl and rpoS function in a single pathway and that Crl functions upstream, or in concert with, RpoS. Although the effects of Crl on RpoS‐regulated genes is entirely dependent on the integrity of RpoS, the presence of a crl null allele does not decrease the level of RpoS protein. Thus, we propose that Crl stimulates the activity of the RpoS regulon by stimulating RpoS activity during stationary phase.
Recent trends in marital disruption

The post-1980 decline in the crude divorce rate must be interpreted in the context of the long-term trend and in terms of what we know about composition effects on crude measures—particularly given shifts in age at marriage and the age composition effects of the baby boom. Data from the June 1985 Current Population Survey permit more detailed, exposure-specific measurements as well as the use of separation as the event terminating marriage. Estimates from these data suggest a decline followed by a recovery. Taking into account well-known levels of underreporting, we find that recent rates imply that about two-thirds of all first marriages are likely to end in separation or divorce. We examine the persistence of major differences in marital stability and evaluate the comparative stability of first and second marriages.
Positive Parenting as a Mediator of the Relations Between Parental Psychological Distress and Mental Health Problems of Parentally Bereaved Children

This study investigated a positive parenting composite of multiple measures of warmth and consistent discipline as a mediator of the relations between surviving parents' psychological distress and parentally bereaved children's mental health problems using both cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal models. The study included 214 bereaved children ages 7 to 16 and their surviving parent or current caregiver. A multirater, multimethod measurement model of positive parenting was developed. Although the mediational model was supported by analysis of the cross-sectional data, it was not supported in the 3-wave longitudinal model. However, the longitudinal model did find a significant path from positive parenting at Wave 2 to child mental health problems 11 months later at Wave 3, controlling for stability in child mental health problems. Implications for understanding the development of mental health problems of parentally bereaved children are discussed.
Intellectual property rights as strategic assets: the case of european patent opposition in the telecommunication industry

The paper empirically investigates the phenomenon of patent litigation through the analysis of the all population of European patents’ opposition cases in the telecommunication industry. We recover the complete legal history of each dispute and the patent portfolios of the firms involved. We suggest that in an industry characterised by strong technological complementarities the distribution of patent rights may induce situations of mutual hold-up among innovators. The risk of retaliation through counter-suits represents a credible threat that can eventually favour the instauration of collusive behaviours. Our results confirm this hypothesis, since the occurrence of patent oppositions among large incumbents is significantly lower than industry average.
Maximizing Short-Term Stock Prices through Advertising

This paper provides evidence that managers use firm advertising, in part, to maximize short-term stock prices. First, this paper shows that increased advertising spending is associated with individual investors' intensified buying activities, as well as a contemporaneous rise in abnormal stock returns that is subsequently reversed. The paper further documents a significant increase in advertising spending prior to insider sales and seasoned equity offerings, but a significant decrease in the following year. Using the vesting of restricted shares held by top executives as an instrument for insider sales, I show that the inverted-V-shaped pattern in advertising spending around equity sales is most consistent with managers' exploiting the temporary stock return effect of advertising to their own benefit and, potentially, to that of existing shareholders.
The Association between Audit Fees and Auditors' Opinions on Internal Control Weakness under Section 404 of the Sox

The Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) requires top management to establish, maintain, and regularly evaluate the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting (ICOFR), and obtain an auditor’s attestation. In this paper, we identify 232 firms that received “Ineffective” audit opinion on the effectiveness of ICOFR due to one or more material weakness in internal control (WIC). We examine the association between audit fees and the WIC for preand post-SOX period. We find that highly levered clients with the WIC paid greater audit fees even in the preSOX period and continuously paid the high fees in post-SOX period, whereas the loss-making clients with WIC paid higher fees only in post-SOX period. We also find evidence that the Big 4 auditors charged higher audit fees for firms with WIC, compared with the fee charged by non-Big 4 auditors for firms with WIC. These findings suggest that auditors, in terms of their behaviours and pricing mechanism, responded to the legal liability environment changes caused by SOX.
Dysregulation of CD4+CD25(high) T cells in the synovial fluid of patients with antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To examine the role of immune dysregulation in antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis by comparing the phenotype, frequency, and function of CD4+ Teff cells and Treg cells in patients with antibiotic- responsive arthritis and patients with antibiotic-refractory arthritis. METHODS Matched peripheral blood and synovial fluid samples from 15 patients with antibiotic-responsive arthritis were compared with those from 16 patients with antibiotic-refractory arthritis, using flow cytometry, suppression assays, and cytokine assays. RESULTS Critical differences between the 2 patient groups were observed in the synovial fluid CD4+CD25(high) population, a cell subset usually composed of FoxP3-positive Treg cells. In patients with antibiotic-refractory arthritis, this cell population often had fewer FoxP3-positive cells and a greater frequency of FoxP3-negative (Teff) cells compared with patients with antibiotic-responsive arthritis. Moreover, the expression of glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor and OX40 on CD4+CD25(high) cells was significantly higher in the antibody-refractory group. Suppression assays showed that CD4+CD25(high) cells in patients with antibiotic-refractory arthritis did not effectively suppress proliferation of CD4+CD25- cells or secretion of interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor α, whereas those cells in patients with antibiotic-responsive arthritis did suppress proliferation of CD4+CD25- cells and secretion of interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor α. Finally, in the antibiotic-refractory group, higher ratios of CD25(high) FoxP3-negative cells to CD25(high) FoxP3-positive cells correlated directly with a longer duration of arthritis after antibiotic treatment. CONCLUSION Patients with antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis often have lower frequencies of Treg cells, higher expression of activation coreceptors, and less effective inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines. This suggests that immune responses in these patients are excessively amplified, leading to immune dysregulation and antibiotic-refractory arthritis.
Measuring internal service quality in business schools

This paper explores the different constituents determining the internal service quality in business schools and further develops a model representing different factors made up of these constituents. The proposed model went through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to test its reliability and validity. This model of internal service quality in business schools consists of seven dimensions, including work resources, rewards, academic freedom, professional development support, vision of top management, communication and teamwork. This study highlights the ways to boost the internal service quality in business schools.
COMPARISON OF JOINT KINETICS DURING FREE WEIGHT AND FLYWHEEL RESISTANCE EXERCISE

The most common modality for resistance exercise is free weight resistance. Alternative methods of providing external resistance have been investigated, in particular for use in microgravity environments such as space flight. One alternative modality is flywheel inertial resistance, which generates resistance as a function of the mass, distribution of mass, and angular acceleration of the fly-wheel. The purpose of this investigation was to characterize net joint kinetics of multijoint exercises performed with a flywheel inertial resistance device in comparison to free weights. Eleven trained men and women performed the front squat, lunge, and push press on separate days with free weight or flywheel resistance, while instrumented for biomechanical analysis. Front squats performed with flywheel resistance required greater contribution of the hip and ankle, and less contribution of the knee, compared to free weight. Push presses performed with flywheel resistance had similar impulse requirements at the knee compared to free weight, but greater impulse requirement at the hip and ankle. As used in this investigation, flywheel inertial resistance increases the demand on the hip extensors and ankle plan-tarflexors and decreases the mechanical demand on the knee extensors for lower extremity exercises such as the front squat and lunge. Exercises involving dynamic lower and upper extremity actions, such as the push press, may benefit from flywheel inertial resistance, due to the increased mechanical demand on the knee extensors.
Transmission of information across international stock markets

This thesis aims to contribute to the existing literature about return and volatility spillovers. First, this study examines the direct transmission of information contained in returns, volatility and trading volume across the world’s eight biggest stock markets by market capitalisation using the ARCH-type models. The empirical results highlight the complexity of the information transmission mechanisms via different channels. Second, this study investigates the transmission of information in stock market index returns after considering the interactive effect between trading volume and returns. A new approach to analyse this joint-dynamic relation has been proposed and the findings are interpreted in the light of economic theory. The obtained results provide evidence that liquidity-based price movements, which are normally related to high trading volume, can also be transmitted across borders and have a global impact on market performance in other countries. Last but not least, this study explores the economic significance of international information spillovers and presents evidence showing that active investment strategies which apply trading rules based on the signals from the forecasts of the meteor shower models are profitable even after considering transaction costs. In addition, the information about the interactive relation between trading volume and returns is found to be an exploitable phenomenon which investors can use to trade profitably. DECLARATION STATEMENT ACADEMIC REGISTRY Research Thesis Submission Name: Xin Sheng School/PGI: School of Management and Languages Version: (i.e. First, Resubmission, Final) Final Degree Sought (Award and Subject area) PhD in Accountancy and Finance
Pickard Time-Critical Social Mobilization

clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles ): October 31, 2011 www.sciencemag. org (this infomation is current as of The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag. org/content/334/6055/509.full. html version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/content/suppl/2011/10/27/334.6055. 509.DC1. html can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag. org/content/334/6055/509.full. html#related found at: can be related to this article A list of selected additional articles on the Science Web sites http://www.sciencemag. org/content/334/6055/509.full. html#ref-list-1 , 10 of which can be accessed free: cites 22 articles This article http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/collection/sociology Sociology subject collections: This article appears in the following
Principles of service marketing and management

I. UNDERSTANDING SERVICES. 1. Why Study Services? 2. Understanding Service Processes. II. THE SERVICE CUSTOMER. 3. Managing Service Encounters. 4. Customer Behavior in Service Environments. 5. Relationship Marketing and Customer Loyalty. 6. Complaint Handling and Service Recovery. III. SERVICE MARKETING STRATEGY. 7. The Service Product. 8. Pricing Strategies for Services. 9. Promotion, Education, and Physical Evidence. 10. Service Positioning and Design. IV. SERVICE DELIVERY ISSUES. 11. Creating Delivery Systems in Place, Cyberspace, and Time. 12. Creating Value through Productivity and Quality. 13. Balancing Demand and Capacity. 14. Managing Customer Waiting Lines and Reservations. V. INTEGRATING MARKETING, OPERATIONS, AND HUMAN RESOURCES. 15. Employee Roles in Service Organizations. 16. The Impact of Technology on Services. 17. Organizing for Service Leadership. Cases. Glossary. Index.
Massive hemoperitoneum secondary to spontaneous rupture of hepatic metastases: Report of two cases and review of the literature

Two cases of massive hemoperitoneum secondary to spontaneous rupture of hepatic metastases are presented. This devastating complication of hepatic malignant disease is difficult to diagnose preoperatively. However, the diagnosis should be considered in patients with known malignant disease who present with unexplained blood loss, shock, or signs consistent with an acute surgical abdomen. The presence of fever and leukocy‐tosis with these signs and symptoms may also be part of the clinical picture. Treatment by hepatic resection is never curative. Review of the literature indicates that local control of the bleeding site by suture ligature, packing with topical hemostatic agents, or hepatic artery ligation offers the best chances of obtaining hemorrhage control and some degree of palliation in these desperately ill patients.
Principles, processes and practices of fraud prevention

This study investigates the nature and extent to which managerial attitudes influence fraud risk perceptions, observations and experiences of audit partners. Using a sample of 5,603 client acceptance and audit continuance assessments at a Big Four audit firm in the Netherlands, this study finds that: (1) manager integrity, honesty, and ethics are considered by audit partners to be of highest importance in fraud risk assessments; (2) the aggressiveness of an organization’s revenue recognition and accounting estimates appear to significantly influence auditor fraud risk perceptions; and (3) the quality of the auditor-client relationship, and the level of senior management experience, provide important cues influencing auditor perceptions in “low risk” fraud situations, but neither are used to identify nor categorize high fraud risk clients. These empirical findings highlight the significant importance of senior management attitudes in influencing auditor perspectives, accounting for 82% of the variability in fraud risk assessments.