Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Mixed Methods Study to Explore the Effects of Program Design Elements and Participant Characteristics on Parents' Engagement With an mHealth Program to Promote Healthy Infant Feeding: The Growing Healthy Program

Purpose: Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have great potential to promote health. To increase consumer engagement in mHealth interventions it is necessary to address factors that influence the target demographic. The Growing healthy (GH) program is the first obesity prevention program delivered via a smartphone app and website offering evidence-based information on infant feeding from birth until 9 months of age. This sub-study aimed to explore how the design features, quality of the app and participant characteristics influenced parents' engagement with the GH app. Methods: A sequential mixed methods design was used. The GH app participants (225/301) were considered for this sub-study. Participant app engagement was measured through a purpose-built Engagement Index (EI) using app metrics. Participants were categorized as low, moderately or highly engaged based on their EI score upon completing the 9 months program and were then invited to participate in semi-structured telephone interviews. Participants who used the app program, given an EI score and expressed interest to participate in these interviews were eligible. The interviews explored factors that influenced app engagement including delivery features and quality. Thematic analysis networks was used for analysis. Results: 108/225 expressed interest and 18 interviews were conducted from low (n = 3), moderately (n = 7), or highly (n = 8) engaged participants based on purposeful sampling. Participants defined as highly engaged were likely to be a first-time parent, felt the app content to be trustworthy and the app design facilitated easy navigation and regularly opened the push notifications. Participants defined as having low or moderate engagement were likely to have experience from previous children, felt they had sufficient knowledge on infant feeding and the app did not provide further information, or experienced technological issues including app dysfunction due to system upgrades. Conclusions/Implications: This study demonstrated a novel approach to comprehensively analyse engagement in an mHealth intervention through quantitative (Engagement Index) and qualitative (interviews) methods. It provides an insight on maximizing data collected from these programs for measuring effectiveness and to understand users of various engagement levels interaction with program features. Measuring this can determine efficacy and refine programs to meet user requirements.
Distal Consequences of Oral Inflammation

Periodontitis is an incredibly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease, which results in the destruction of tooth supporting structures. However, in addition to causing tooth and alveolar bone loss, this oral inflammatory disease has been shown to contribute to disease states and inflammatory pathology at sites distant from the oral cavity. Epidemiological and experimental studies have linked periodontitis to the development and/or exacerbation of a plethora of other chronic diseases ranging from rheumatoid arthritis to Alzheimer's disease. Such studies highlight how the inflammatory status of the oral cavity can have a profound impact on systemic health. In this review we discuss the disease states impacted by periodontitis and explore potential mechanisms whereby oral inflammation could promote loss of homeostasis at distant sites.
Algorithm 994

The minimum distance of an error-correcting code is an important concept in information theory. Hence, computing the minimum distance of a code with a minimum computational cost is crucial to many problems in this area. In this article, we present and assess a family of implementations of both the brute-force algorithm and the Brouwer-Zimmermann algorithm for computing the minimum distance of a random linear code over F2 that are faster than current implementations, both in the commercial and public domain. In addition to the basic sequential implementations, we present parallel and vectorized implementations that produce high performances on modern architectures. The attained performance results show the benefits of the developed optimized algorithms, which obtain remarkable improvements compared with state-of-the-art implementations widely used nowadays.
Learning to Control Renewal Processes with Bandit Feedback

We consider a bandit problem with K task types from which the controller activates one task at a time. Each task takes a random and possibly heavy-tailed completion time, and a reward is obtained only after the task is completed. The task types are independent from each other, and have distinct and unknown distributions for completion time and reward. For a given time horizon τ, the goal of the controller is to schedule tasks adaptively so as to maximize the reward collected until τ expires. In addition, we allow the controller to interrupt a task and initiate a new one. In addition to the traditional exploration-exploitation dilemma, this interrupt mechanism introduces a new one: should the controller complete the task and get the reward, or interrupt the task for a possibly shorter and more rewarding alternative? We show that for all heavy-tailed and some light-tailed completion time distributions, this interruption mechanism improves the reward linearly over time. Applications of this model include server scheduling, optimal free sampling strategies in advertising and adaptive content selection. From a learning perspective, the interrupt mechanism necessitates learning the whole arm distribution from truncated observations. For this purpose, we propose a robust learning algorithm named UCB-BwI based on median-of-means estimator for possibly heavy-tailed reward and completion time distributions. We show that, in a K-armed bandit setting with an arbitrary set of L possible interrupt times, UCB-BwI achieves O(Kłog(τ)+KL) regret. We also prove that the regret under any admissible policy is Ømega(Kłog(τ)), which implies that UCB-BwI is order optimal.
Trajectory Tracking for Quadrotors with Attitude Control on $\mathcal{S}^{2}\times \mathcal{S}^{1}$

The control of a quadrotor is typically split into two subsequent problems: finding desired accelerations to control its position, and controlling its attitude and the total thrust to track these accelerations and to track a yaw angle reference. While the thrust vector, generating accelerations, and the angle of rotation about the thrust vector, determining the yaw angle, can be controlled independently, most attitude control strategies in the literature, relying on representations in terms of quaternions, rotation matrices or Euler angles, result in an unnecessary coupling between the control of the thrust vector and of the angle about this vector. This leads, for instance, to undesired position tracking errors due to yaw tracking errors. In this paper we propose to tackle the attitude control problem using an attitude representation in the Cartesian product of the 2-sphere and the 1-sphere, denoted by $\mathcal{S}^{2}\times \mathcal{S}^{1}$. We propose a non-linear tracking control law on $\mathcal{S}^{2}\times \mathcal{S}^{1}$ that decouples the control of the thrust vector and of the angle of rotation about the thrust vector, and guarantees almost global asymptotic stability. Simulation results highlight the advantages of the proposed approach over previous approaches.
Analysis of a Canonical Labeling Algorithm for the Alignment of Correlated Erdos-Rényi Graphs

Graph alignment in two correlated random graphs refers to the task of identifying the correspondence between vertex sets of the graphs. Recent results have characterized the exact information-theoretic threshold for graph alignment in correlated Erdös-Rényi graphs. However, very little is known about the existence of efficient algorithms to achieve graph alignment without seeds. In this work we identify a region in which a straightforward O(n11/5 log n)-time canonical labeling algorithm, initially introduced in the context of graph isomorphism, succeeds in aligning correlated Erdos-Rényi graphs. The algorithm has two steps. In the first step, all vertices are labeled by their degrees and a trivial minimum distance alignment (i.e., sorting vertices according to their degrees) matches a fixed number of highest degree vertices in the two graphs. Having identified this subset of vertices, the remaining vertices are matched using a alignment algorithm for bipartite graphs. Finally, we show that the implementation of a variant of this algorithm allows for the efficient alignment of large graphs under limited noise.
Extrapulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced carpal tunnel syndrome presented with rice body

Skeletal involvements are less likely in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB), and it is even rarer in the hand. Flexor tenosynovitis from M. tuberculosis concomitant with median nerve involvement has been rarely reported, and it usually presents with symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). In this report, we introduced a patient with symptoms of CTS with rice body in the volar wrist synovium membrane and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Rice bodies were presented in synovium and histological study indicated the inflammatory granulomatous with necrosis caseous. Surgical debridement with excision of the involved synovium and irrigation was performed. Twelve-month treatment with anti-TB medication regimen was successful.
Can robot-assisted radical prostatectomy improve functional outcomes compared to laparoscopic radical prostatectomy? Experience at a laparoscopic center

Purpose: This study compared the perioperative parameters and early functional outcomes between robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) at a urological laparoscopic center. Materials and Methods: Between January 2006 and May 2017, 242 patients underwent endoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP for 208 cases; RARP for 34 cases). Patients who were followed up > 12 months were included in the study. Propensity score-matched groups of patients who underwent LRP or RARP were created based on age, body mass index, history of diabetes mellitus, history of smoking, preoperative prostate-specific antigen level, clinical T status, risk group classification, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and whether the nerve-sparing technique was performed. Results: There were no significant differences in the blood transfusion rate, surgical margin status, length of stay, catheterization time, or days to oral intake for both procedures. Although RARP is more time-consuming, it provided significant benefits regarding the yield of dissected lymph nodes (19 vs. 9; P < 0.001) and early urinary continence recovery (i.e., continence rates after 1 month [56.2% vs. 21.9%; P = 0.006] and after 3 months [84.4% vs. 53.1%; P = 0.001]). No difference was observed for early complications, although the RARP group had more late complications. Conclusion: Our experience indicated that RARP could provide less blood loss and faster recovery of urinary continence and yield more dissected lymph nodes compared to LRP. Further studies are needed to determine whether the long-term clinical, functional, and oncological outcomes are superior.
Does residual bone thickness apical to periodontal defect play a major role in maxillary sinus mucous membrane thickness?: A cone-beam computed tomography-assisted retrospective study

Background: The mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus is very sensitive to foreign bodies and infections. Any triggering may lead to mucous membrane thickening (MMT). Residual bone thickness (RBT) is the remaining bone apical to the periodontal defect until the floor of the maxillary sinus acts as a barrier for the periodontal infections to reach the sinus. The aim of our current study was to evaluate the minimal RBT to prevent periodontal infection to reach Schneiderian membrane using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 144 maxillary sinus exposure records of 100 patients were collected retrospectively. Patients with minimum one sinus exposure were considered. MMT and RBT were calculated with the CBCT assistance. Statistical analysis was done using Mann–Whitney U-test , Kruskal–Wallis and Chi-square test. (P < 0.05) was considered as statistically significant. Results: Significant difference (P < 0.001) was observed in MMT among three RBT groups. Significantly, higher mean MMT was observed with <2 mm and 2–4 mm RBT groups. The prevalence of MMT with >4 mm group is less (7%) compared to <2 mm group and 2–4 mm RBT groups (91.2% and 90.2%, respectively). Furthermore, there is no significant difference in MMT between angular and furcation defects (P = 0.890). Conclusion: Probability of MMT was increased if RBT is <4 mm. Early detection and prompt periodontal treatments associated with regenerative procedures can be instituted wherever possible to improve RBT and to reduce MMT. Further, microbiological studies are required to confirm the analysis.
Comparison of shear bond strength and enamel surface changing between the two-step etching and primer and self-etch primer methods in rebonding of orthodontic brackets: An in vitro study

Background: The aim of this study was to compare shear bond strength (SBS) and enamel surface changing of two methods of bonding in rebonding of orthodontic brackets. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 30 human premolars were randomly classified into three equal groups. Two bonding systems were applied. At first bonding, Group 1 and 2 were bonded by conventional etching and primer technique (CEP) and Group 3 by self-etching primer (SEP). Thermocycling for 5000 cycles was done. Then, 30 brackets were debonded and SBS and Adhesive remnant index (ARI) were evaluated. One sample was selected from each group, for SEM, 30 new brackets were used for rebonding. Group 1 was bonded by CEP method and Group 2 and 3 were bonded by SEP method. Thermocycling, SBS, ARI, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were done in the same protocol of the first bonding. One-way ANOVA, two-sample t-test, and Mann–Whitney U-test were used for statistical analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean SBS values were not significantly different between the three groups in the first bonding and rebonding stages (P = 0.22 and 0.24). Further, there was no significant difference between the first bonding and rebonding in SBS values of Groups 1, 2 and 3 (P = 0.44, P = 0.60, and P = 0.56). SEM examination showed obvious differences in the enamel surface between CEP and SEP samples in both first bonding and rebonding. Conclusion: With regard to the advantages of SEP methods, it seems this method can be properly used for rebonding of orthodontic brackets.
Comparison of self-adhering flowable composite microleakage with several types of bonding agent in class V cavity restoration

Background: The aim of the present study was to compare the marginal seal of self-adhering flowable composite resin with three universal bonding systems using the self-etch technique in Cl V cavities at enamel and dentin margins. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, Cl V cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of forty premolars, with the occlusal margin of each cavity on enamel and gingival margin on dentin. The teeth were divided into four groups (n = 10) in terms of the adhesive used; Group 1: Vertise Flow (VF) self-adhering composite resin, Group 2: Clearfil S3 Bond Universal (CS3BU), Group 3: G-Premio Bond (GPB), Group 4: Single Bond Universal (SBU). In Groups 2, 3, and 4, Z350 flowable composite resin was used to restore the cavities. After thermocycling, the samples were immersed in 10% methylene blue for 24 h and evaluated under a stereomicroscope after buccolingual sectioning; microleakage at enamel and dentin margins was recorded. Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests were used for statistical analyses. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.5. Results: Vertis Flow self-adhering composite resin exhibited significantly higher microleakage at enamel and dentin margins compared to SBU and CS3BU; however, it had significantly less microleakage at enamel margin compared to GPB (P < 0.05). At the enamel and dentin margins, the minimum microleakage values were recorded at SBU and CS3BU margins, respectively. GPB exhibited the highest microleakage values among the groups evaluated and in all the groups, microleakage at dentin and enamel margins was significantly different (P < 0.05) except for SBU group. Conclusion: The marginal sealing ability of self-adhering flowable composite resin at enamel and dentin margins was poor compared to the majority of bonding agents evaluated.
Shear bond strength of ceramic and metal brackets bonded to enamel using color-change adhesive

Background: This study aimed to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramic and metal brackets bonded to the enamel using Grengloo color-change adhesive and Transbond XT conventional composite. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro, experimental study, 120 extracted human premolars were divided into four groups: (1) Grengloo with metal brackets, (2) Grengloo with ceramic brackets, (3) Transbond XT with metal brackets, and (4) Transbond XT with ceramic brackets. After bracket bonding, the teeth were subjected to 500 thermal cycles and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. The SBS was measured and the data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) scores. was statistically significant (P < 0.001) Results: The effect of type of bracket (metal/ceramic) on SBS was not statistically significant (P = 0.368). However, the effect of type of composite on SBS was statistically significant (P < 0.001) and the SBS of Grengloo was higher than that of Transbond XT. No significant difference was found in ARI scores among the groups. Conclusion: Regarding the high SBS and the safe region of bond failure in Grengloo composite, this color-change adhesive can be a suitable alternative in cases that require high bond strength. Furthermore, the color contrast of Grengloo can make composite removal easier than Transbond XT with color match of composite and teeth.
Infant–mother social referencing interactions: Description and antecedents in maternal sensitivity and infant irritability

The purpose of the study was to describe naturally occurring infant and maternal behaviours in terms of social referencing in a stranger wariness situation, and to explore antecedents to such behaviouts in early maternal sensitivity and infant irritability. One hundred and ten 10-months-old infants and their mothers were videotaped. Infant social referencing behaviour was defined as puzzled looks directed at mother's face after the infant had discovered the stranger. Almost half of the infants looked with a puzzled expression at their mothers immediately after discovering the stranger, and a majority of the mothers sent a positive message back to the infants. Twenty per cent of the infants never looked at their mothers and 20% of the mothers did not respond when their infants turned to them. Infants whose mothers had responded positively to the referencing look showed positive responses to the stranger to a higher degree than infants who did not reference or those who were not responded to. Antecedents to infant and mother interactive behaviours were sought in maternal sensitivity (general sensitivity, physical contact, responsiveness, intrusiveness, response to distress, and effectiveness in comforting) and in infant irritability as observed when the infants were 4 months old. It was found that infants who did not reference their mothers for information at 10 months had experienced less sensitive mothering 6 months earlier and had also shown more irritability.
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis. Application of adipose-derived stem cells in an experimental murine model

Background Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is a pathological condition without effective established treatment and preventive strategies. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) in an experimental murine model of osteonecrosis. Material and Methods 38 Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with zoledronic acid. After treatment, upper jaw molars were extracted. The animals were randomly assigned to one of two groups. In the control group, saline solution was applied over the alveolar sockets after the tooth extractions. In the treatment group, ASCs were applied instead of saline solution. The control and treatment groups were subdivided based on the time of euthanasia. A clinical and histological analysis was performed. Results The presence of osteonecrosis in alveolar bone was observed in a similar distribution in both groups. In the ASC-treated group, new bone formation was greater than in controls. Conclusions In this study, application of ASCs showed greater new bone formation in an osteonecrosis-like murine model. Previous inhibited post-extraction bone remodelling could be reactivated, and these findings appeared to be secondary to implantation of ASCs. Key words:Osteonecrosis; bisphosphonates, Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), zoledronic acid.
Effect of dose constraint on the thyroid gland during locoregional intensity‐modulated radiotherapy in breast cancer patients

Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare radiation dose received by thyroid gland using different radiotherapy (RT) techniques with or without thyroid dose constraint (DC) for breast cancer patients. Computerized tomography (CT) image sets for 10 patients with breast cancer were selected. All patients were treated originally with opposite tangential field‐in field (FinF) for the chest wall and anteroposterior fields for the ipsilateral supraclavicular field. The thyroid gland was not contoured on the CT images at the time of the original scheduled treatment. Four new treatment plans were created for each patient, including intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and helical tomotherapy (HT) plans with thyroid DC exclusion and inclusion (IMRTDC(−), IMRTDC(+), HTDC(−), and HTDC(+), respectively). Thyroid DCs were used to create acceptable dose limits to avoid hypothyroidism as follows: percentage of thyroid volume exceeding 30 Gy less than 50% (V 30 < 50%) and mean dose of thyroid (TDmean) ≤ 21 Gy. Dose‐volume histograms (DVHs) for TDmean and percentages of thyroid volume exceeding 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 Gy (V 10, V 20, V 30, V 40, and V 50, respectively) were also analyzed. The Dmean of the FinF, IMRTDC(−), HTDC(−), IMRTDC(+) and HTDC(+) plans were 30.56 ± 5.38 Gy, 25.56 ± 6.66 Gy, 27.48 ± 4.16 Gy, 18.57 ± 2.14 Gy, and 17.34 ± 2.70 Gy, respectively. Median V30 values were 55%, 33%, 36%, 18%, and 17%, for FinF, IMRTDC(−), HTDC(−), IMRTDC(+), and HTDC(+), respectively. Differences between treatment plans with or without DC with respect to D mean and V 30 values were statistically significant (P < 0.05). When thyroid DC during breast cancer RT was applied to IMRT and HT, the TDmean and V 30 values significantly decreased. Therefore, recognition of the thyroid as an organ at risk (OAR) and the use of DCs during IMRT and HT planning to minimize radiation dose and thyroid volume exposure are recommended.