Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Deployment of Sensor Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks for Agricultural Field

Nowadays, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play a vital role in agricultural field for improving growth rate and to reduce the resource utilization like water, manpower, etc. WSNs are used to monitor the environmental conditions of the agricultural field to achieve the automatic irrigation for the different plants in large areas of agricultural land. WSNs include a number of inexpensive energy constrained in sensor nodes, which collects the environmental data from large scale agricultural land and transmit the data to the base station. The network lifetime and Quality of Service (QoS) should be improved in agricultural WSN for better performance. For achieving this, the node power consumption should be reduced. By introducing clustering technique for the nodes in the agricultural field, it is observed from the simulations, that the energy consumption is reduced to a considerable amount thereby increasing network lifetime. The cluster formation is done based on neighbor node and residual energy, which overcomes the drawbacks such as network early dead, excess energy consumption, poor efficiency in packet delivery, link stability problem, etc., The simulation results shows that the proposed al-gorithm gives better performance in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), throughput, energy consumption and network lifetime. Hence, it is understood that it is more suitable for large scale WSN installed in agricultural lands.
Effects of organic matter on mechanical properties of dredged sediments for beneficial use in road construction

ABSTRACT In France, the road construction sector is the greatest consumer of granular materials, with a yearly consumption of about 200 million tons. With the shortage of standard materials, the valorisation of dredged sediments for road construction could constitute an interesting solution. Dredged sediments generally consist of a mineral phase, an organic phase (in various forms) and a liquid phase (water). The presence of organic matter (OM) in sediments, even in small amounts, affects their engineering properties. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of organic matter content on the engineering properties of dredged sediments. For this purpose, a specific methodology to reconstitute samples with different amounts of organic matter contents is proposed. The evaluation of the effects of organic matter content in term of compressibility, shear strength, compaction and bearing capacity show that even for high amount of organic matter the performances of the studied samples are compatible with the use in road construction sector. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Rainbow Disconnection in Graphs

Abstract Let G be a nontrivial connected, edge-colored graph. An edge-cut R of G is called a rainbow cut if no two edges in R are colored the same. An edge-coloring of G is a rainbow disconnection coloring if for every two distinct vertices u and v of G, there exists a rainbow cut in G, where u and v belong to different components of G − R. We introduce and study the rainbow disconnection number rd(G) of G, which is defined as the minimum number of colors required of a rainbow disconnection coloring of G. It is shown that the rainbow disconnection number of a nontrivial connected graph G equals the maximum rainbow disconnection number among the blocks of G. It is also shown that for a nontrivial connected graph G of order n, rd(G) = n−1 if and only if G contains at least two vertices of degree n − 1. The rainbow disconnection numbers of all grids Pm _ Pn are determined. Furthermore, it is shown for integers k and n with 1 ≤ k ≤ n − 1 that the minimum size of a connected graph of order n having rainbow disconnection number k is n + k − 2. Other results and a conjecture are also presented.
Family and community in the lives of UK Bangladeshi parents with intellectual disabilities

BACKGROUND Little is known about the lives of parents with intellectual disabilities from minority ethnic communities. Previous research suggests that what it means to live with intellectual disabilities varies across cultural contexts. The current research aimed to explore how cultural values and practices impact upon the experiences of parents with intellectual disabilities within the Bangladeshi community in London, England. METHOD Six members of the Bangladeshi community, four Bangladeshi parents with intellectual disabilities and four of their family members were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes. RESULTS Both parenting and intellectual disability are thought about in this community in ways that make parenting more accessible for people with learning disabilities, but also create tensions to be negotiated. CONCLUSIONS Bangladeshi family carers face dilemmas balancing the benefits and risks of promoting parenting for sons and daughters with intellectual disabilities, particularly in the context of service principles of autonomy and informed consent.
To the Editor.

We read with interest the article ‘‘Timing of first childbirth and age-related cataract’’ recently published by Park et al in your journal. In this retrospective study, they assessed the effect of timing of first childbirth on the modification of primary cataract onset in postmenopausal women and found that women who had their first childbirth at a later age (24-25 and 26-44 y) showed an increased risk of developing agerelated cataract in comparison with those with an earlier delivery (13-21 y). Although the authors should be congratulated for having analyzed a large sample size (7,021 postmenopausal women) and for having first investigated the association between timing of first childbirth and cataract onset, we would like to raise some methodological concerns on this crosssectional study. First, besides the slit-lamp evaluation, the authors did not provide any ophthalmological medical history or perform any ophthalmic examinations such as automated refractor. A positive association between cataract onset and refractive status is, however, well known. In fact, the Blue Mountains Eye Study reported in a prospective study, including 3,654 participants, an increased risk of developing nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract in patients with myopia in comparison with the emmetropic group. Moreover, several ocular pathologies such as uveitis, acute congestive eye closure, and retinal dystrophies have been reported to be positively associated with cataract formation. Second, although the authors included physical activity as an important factor influencing cataract onset, they did not provide any data about the body mass index (BMI) of the examined participants; however, a recent meta-analysis published by Pan et al demonstrated that being overweight and obesity represented a significant risk of developing agerelated cataract. Hence, classifying patients for their BMI could have been suggested to avoid another non-negligible confounding factor. Third, the authors did not investigate whether the enrolled participants were taking or had taken drugs in the past and therefore increasing the risk of developing cataract. In this regard, it has been widely demonstrated that there is a greater association between oral or parenteral corticosteroids, multivitamin/mineral formulations, and chlorpromazine intake and cataract formation; thus, we deem that this could represent an important limitation of the study. In conclusion, a more detailed screening for ocular medical history/ocular pathologies, BMI, and drugs or other substance intake should have been performed to avoid important and well-known confounding factors, which could have limited the reliability of the findings in this study. Financial disclosure/conflicts of interest: None reported.
Experimental Effects of Acute Exercise on Episodic Memory Function: Considerations for the Timing of Exercise

Our previous work employing a between-subject randomized controlled trial design suggests that exercising prior to memory encoding is more advantageous in enhancing retrospective episodic memory function when compared to exercise occurring during or after memory encoding. The present experiment evaluates this potential temporal effect of acute exercise on memory function while employing a within-subject, counterbalanced design. In a counterbalanced order (via Latin squares), 24 participants completed four visits including (1) exercising (moderate-intensity walking) prior to memory encoding, (2) exercising during memory encoding, (3) exercising after memory encoding, and (4) a control visit (no exercise). Retrospective memory function (short term and long term; 24-hour follow-up) was assessed from a multitrial word list. Prospective memory was assessed from a time-based task. Compared to all other visits, short-term memory was greater in the visit that involved exercising prior to memory encoding (F = 3.76; P = .01; η2 = .79). Similar results occurred for long-term memory, with no significant effects for prospective memory performance. We provide robust evidence demonstrating that acute moderate-intensity exercise prior to memory encoding is optimal in enhancing short-term and long-term memory function when compared to no exercise as well as exercising during and after memory encoding.
Insights into the genetic and host adaptability of emerging porcine circovirus 3

ABSTRACT Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) was found to be associated with reproductive disease in pigs, and since its first identification in the United States, it subsequently spread worldwide, especially in China, where it might pose a potential threat to the porcine industry. However, no exhaustive analysis was performed to understand its evolution in the prospect of codon usage pattern. Here, we performed a deep codon usage analysis of PCV3. PCV3 sequences were classified into two clades: PCV3a and PCV3b, confirmed by principal component analysis. Additionally, the degree of codon usage bias of PCV3 was slightly low as inferred from the analysis of the effective number of codons. The codon usage pattern was mainly affected by natural selection, but there was a co-effect of mutation pressure and dinucleotide frequency. Moreover, based on similarity index analysis, codon adaptation index analysis and relative codon deoptimization index analysis, we found that PCV3 might pose a potential risk to public health though with unknow pathogenicity. In conclusion, this work reinforces the systematic understanding of the evolution of PCV3, which was reflected by the codon usage patterns and fitness of this novel emergent virus.
Identifying shift worker chronotype: implications for health

Shift workers are at risk for developing serious health issues due to short sleep. One cause of short sleep is circadian misalignment: sleep time is not synchronized with the body’s natural circadian rhythms. Although circadian rhythms are strongly driven by the light/dark cycle, humans have individualized sleep time preferences (chronotypes) based on genetics, development, and external influences. Evening chronotype individuals fall asleep later than average and have a higher risk for developing various noncommunicable diseases. What is unclear is the association between chronotype, shift work, and risks for acquiring chronic conditions. This review is focused on shift worker chronotype and associations with obesity. Because of the paucity of research, other health issues connected with circadian misalignment were included, allowing for a total of 21 research studies. Evidence from this review supports chronotype and certain health issues are associated with shift work, even after adjusting for short sleep duration. In addition, there is evidence to support future research on how shift worker chronotype matched with shift timing impacts worker health. Through better understanding of this interface, occupational health providers can provide more comprehensive worker education on the risks associated with shift work and sleep disturbances.
Extracellular vesicles transfer nuclear Abl-dependent and radiation-induced miR-34c into unirradiated cells to cause bystander effects

Ionizing radiation (IR) not only activates DNA damage response (DDR) in irradiated cells but also induces bystander effects (BE) in cells not directly targeted by radiation. How DDR pathways activated in irradiated cells stimulate BE is not well understood. We show here that extracellular vesicles secreted by irradiated cells (EV-IR), but not those from unirradiated controls (EV-C), inhibit colony formation in unirradiated cells by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). We found that µEV-IR from Abl nuclear localization signal–mutated (Abl-µNLS) cells could not induce ROS, but expression of wild-type Abl restored that activity. Because nuclear Abl stimulates miR-34c biogenesis, we measured miR-34c in EV and found that its levels correlated with the ROS-inducing activity of EV. We then showed that EV from miR-34c minigene–transfected, but unirradiated cells induced ROS; and transfection with miR-34c-mimic, without radiation or EV addition, also induced ROS. Furthermore, EV-IR from miR34-family triple-knockout cells could not induce ROS, whereas EV-IR from wild-type cells could cause miR-34c increase and ROS induction in the miR-34 triple-knockout cells. These results establish a novel role for extracellular vesicles in transferring nuclear Abl-dependent and radiation-induced miR-34c into unirradiated cells to cause bystander oxidative stress.
The Impact of Alternative Telework Arrangements on Organizational Commitment: Insights from a Longitudinal Field Experiment

ABSTRACT: While the structure of telecommuting, or telework, varies across companies, most arrangements offer employees the option to perform their work responsibilities from various locations. A number of factors provide a compelling case for employers to consider such arrangements for their employees, such as motivating better performance and fostering commitment to the organization. Using data that were collected during the longitudinal experiment reported in Hunton (2005), the present study seeks to better understand how organizations might achieve these goals by examining the impact of alternative telework arrangements on the organizational commitment of employees and by evaluating the relationships among telework arrangements, organizational commitment, and task performance. Participants in three of the telework conditions exhibited significant increases in affective, continuance, and normative commitment, relative to a control group; however, in one of the telework conditions (working exclusively a.
Role of Fatty Acids in Milk Fat and the Influence of Selected Factors on Their Variability—A Review

Fatty acids (FAs) of milk fat are considered to be important nutritional components of the diets of a significant portion of the human population and substantially affect human health. With regard to dairy farming, the FA profile is also seen as an important factor in the technological quality of raw milk. In this sense, making targeted modifications to the FA profile has the potential to significantly contribute to the production of dairy products with higher added value. Thus, FAs also have economic importance. Current developments in analytical methods and their increasing efficiency enable the study of FA profiles not only for scientific purposes but also in terms of practical technological applications. It is important to study the sources of variability of FAs in milk, which include population genetics, type of farming, and targeted animal nutrition. It is equally important to study the health and technological impacts of FAs. This review summarizes current knowledge in the field regarding sources of FA variability, including the impact of factors such as: animal nutrition, seasonal feed changes, type of animal farming (conventional and organic), genetic parameters (influence of breed), animal individuality, lactation, and milk yield. Potential practical applications (to improve food technology and consumer health) of FA profile information are also reviewed.
Action Observation in People with Parkinson’s Disease. A Motor–Cognitive Combined Approach for Motor Rehabilitation. A Preliminary Report

The aim of this study was to assess the role of Action Observation (AO) to improve balance, gait, reduce falls, and to investigate the changes in P300 pattern. Five cognitively intact People with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) were enrolled in this prospective, quasi-experimental study to undergo a rehabilitation program of AO for gait and balance recovery of 60 min, three times a week for four weeks. The statistical analysis showed significant improvements for Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor section III p = 0.0082, Short form 12-items Healthy Survey (SF-12) Mental Composite Score (MCS) p = 0.0007, Freezing of gait Questionnaire (FOG-Q) p = 0.0030, The 39-items Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) p = 0.100, and for P300ld p = 0.0077. In conclusion, AO reveals to be a safe and feasible paradigm of rehabilitative exercise in cognitively preserved PwP.
Physics and Applications of Bismuth Ferrite

BiFeO3 is perhaps the only material that is both magnetic and a strong ferroelectric at room temperature. As a result, it has had an impact on the field of multiferroics that is comparable to that of yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) on superconductors, with hundreds of publications devoted to it in the past few years. In this Review, we try to summarize both the basic physics and unresolved aspects of BiFeO3 (which are still being discovered with several new phase transitions reported in the past few months) and device applications, which center on spintronics and memory devices that can be addressed both electrically and magnetically.
Mito-mice∆ and mitochondrial DNA mutator mice as models of human osteoporosis caused not by aging but by hyperparathyroidism

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutator mice showing accelerated accumulation of mtDNA with somatic mutations are potentially useful models of human aging, whereas mito-miceΔ showing accelerated accumulation of mtDNA with a deletion mutation (ΔmtDNA) are potentially useful models of mitochondrial diseases but not human aging, even though both models express an age-associated decrease in mitochondrial respiration. Because osteoporosis is the only premature aging phenotype observed in mtDNA mutator mice with the C57BL/6J nuclear genetic background, our previous study precisely examined its expression spectra and reported that both mtDNA mutator mice and mito-miceΔ, but not aged mice, developed decreased cortical bone thickness. Moreover, decreased cortical bone thickness is usually not seen in aged humans but is commonly seen in the patients with hyperparathyroidism caused by oversecretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). In the present study, we showed higher concentrations of blood PTH in mtDNA mutator mice and mito-miceΔ than in aged mice. We also found that both models developed decreased mitochondrial respiration in the duodenum or renal tubules, which would lead to hypocalcemia, oversecretion of PTH, and ultimately osteoporosis. Thus, mtDNA mutator mice and mito-miceΔ may be useful models of human osteoporosis caused not by aging but by hyperparathyroidism.
Effects of low dose of aliskiren on isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction in rats.

This study examined the effects of aliskiren (Ali) (direct renin inhibitor) on serum cardiac enzymes (LDH and CK-MB), electrocardiography (ECG) changes, myocardial oxidative stress markers (MDA, CAT, and GSH) and the expression of Bcl2, HO-1, and Nrf2 genes in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction (MI). A total of 40 male albino rats were allocated into four groups, (1) normal control (NC) group, (2) Ali group (rats received Ali at 10 mg/kg/day p.o. for 5 days), (3) ISO group (rats received ISO 150 mg/kg i.p. for two consecutive days at 24 h intervals), and (4) Ali + ISO group (rats received ISO + Ali at 10 mg/kg/day p.o. for 5 days from the 2nd dose of ISO). ISO group showed significant rise in serum cardiac enzymes (CK-MB and LDH), myocardial damage scores, myocardial MDA, HO-1, myocardial Nrf2 expression with significant reduction in myocardial antioxidants (CAT and GSH), and Bcl2 expression compared to the normal group (p < 0.05). ECG showed ST segment elevation, prolonged QT interval and QRS complex, and increased heart rate in ISO group. Co-administration of Ali and ISO caused significant increase in cardiac enzymes and morphology with increase in MDA, serum K, and creatinine with significant decrease in Bcl2, HO-1, and Nrf2 without significant changes in ECG parameters compared to ISO group. We concluded that low dose of Ali seems to exacerbate the myocardial injury in ISO-MI, which might be due to the enhanced oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Vulnerable Young People and Their Experience of Online Risks

While the majority of young people are relatively resilient online, a vulnerable minority report an online life in which they are at risk of multiple harms. With the assumption that vulnerable young people are likely to experience online risks differently, this study examines whether or not being vulnerable offline predicts high risk online experiences (HROEs). Offline vulnerabilities were grouped as Family, Physical, SEN, Communication and Mental Health difficulties, while HROEs were categorized as risks associated with Content, Conduct, Contact, and Cyberscams (4Cs). Using a sample of 2988 young people (aged 10–16 years), multiple linear regression showed that being vulnerable in any group significantly predicted a higher overall score for HROEs. Additionally, statistical analysis showed that individually each of the 4Cs can be explained by different vulnerabilities. Furthermore, experiencing one of the high risk categories predicted the experience of certain other risk categories. The results are explained with reference to previous research and this study sends a strong message for practice: offline vulnerability extends to online life and enhanced, targeted online safety education and support is required.
The Impact of Internal Controls and Penalties on Fraud

ABSTRACT: Little prior research exists on the parameters of internal control activities. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX 2002) makes identifying the properties of these parameters under various conditions important. In this paper, an analytical/reliability engineering methodology is used to investigate the relative impact of penalties versus other types of internal controls on managerial and non-managerial employees’ propensity to commit fraud. Ceteris paribus, increasing required effort with internal controls and/or increasing employee penalties, increases the minimum amount stolen when a fraud incident occurs; that is, more net assets will be taken per fraud incident with controls than without controls. The findings show that the firm’s least-cost scenario with managerial employees is to enforce maximum penalties. The firm’s least-cost scenario with non-managerial employees is to utilize alternative internal controls while imposing minimum penalties. Further, the effectiveness of separation of dutie.