Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early lexical development and maternal speech: a comparison of children's initial and subsequent uses of words

ABSTRACT In Harris, Barrett, Jones & Brookes (1988), we reported the results of a detailed analysis of the initial uses of the first 10 words which were produced by four children. The present paper reports the results of an analysis of the subsequent uses of these 40 words. This analysis reveals that seven qualitatively different patterns of change occurred between the children's initial and subsequent uses of these words; the particular patterns of change which occurred support Barrett's (1986) model of early lexical development. In addition, it was found that, although there was a strong relationship between maternal speech and the children's initial word uses, the relationship between maternal speech and the children's subsequent word uses was very much weaker. These findings indicate that the role of linguistic input in early lexical development may decline quite sharply once the child has established initial uses for words.
Customer Preference in using Internet Banking : (Case Study on Technician at PT. Telkom Akses Solo) : Proceeding of ISCLO (International Seminar and Conference on Learning Organization), October 26th 2016

Emerging technology and the increasing number of Indonesian people who use internet, encourage banking firms to make strategies with the use of internet technology in order to survive in the competition. Internet banking is a banking service that allows customers to perform banking transactions via internet. The purpose of this study was to determine customer preferences toward the use of internet banking in Bandung. Attributes are used are taken from research related to e-SERVQUAL. Dimensions of e-SERVQUAL is to measure the quality of service on virtual. Ther is five attribute in e-SERVQUAL and used in this study are the efulfillment, privacy/security, efficiency, system availability, and problem handling. A conjoint analysis was use to evaluate the customer preferences on internet banking use. A survey to 400 users of internet banking in Bandung, Indonesia were conducted, using a purposive sampling method. Results of this study stated that efulfillment is the most important attribute for customers with importance value, efficiency, system availability, privacy/ security, and problem handling. Keywords. Preferences; internet banking; e-SERVQUAL; conjoint analysis
Toxicology of suicide: touchstone for suicide prevention?

BACKGROUND Systematic studies of consecutive suicides show that risk for suicide concentrates heavily in people with psychiatric illness, particularly depressive disorders and substance abuse. It is generally assumed that suicide is preventable although there is currently no conclusive evidence for efficacy of any preventive action, including use of psychotropic prescription medications. The low base-rate of suicide and ethical concerns of studying suicidal people in controlled trials of medications or psychotherapy are the two most important obstacles for progress in suicide research. No prevention suicide program currently includes routine toxicological monitoring of suicide or other violent death. The use of toxicological monitoring in suicide was examined in this study. MATERIAL/METHODS Review of the literature on toxicological studies of suicide, in particular of a study done in consecutive suicides in Mobile County, Alabama, between 1990-1998. RESULTS Toxicological studies in suicides support that there is undertreatment of depressive disorders in people who are at risk for suicide and that substance abuse is an important risk factor. Higher detection rates of antidepressants in recent suicide samples may indicate higher treatment rates of depression. CONCLUSIONS Surveillance of psychoactive substances among suicides may be a novel and practical way to assess efficacy of selected medical interventions aimed at reducing the number of suicides. Use of toxicological monitoring in suicide should be explored in future studies.
Hurricanes and the Urban Forest: I. Effects on Southeastern United States Coastal Plain Tree Species

Several hurricanes struck Florida, U.S. in 2004 and 2005 causing widespread damage to urban and rural areas. We measured the impacts of five of these hurricanes on the urban forest and combined these results with four other hurricanes to present an assessment of wind resistance for southeastern United States coastal plain tree species. Urban forest loss was positively correlated with wind speed. Tree species demonstrating the highest survival in winds were sand live oak (Quercus geminata), American holly (Ilex opaca), southern magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora), live oak (Quercus virgin- iana), wax myrtle (Myrica cerifera), sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), crapemyrtle (Lagerstroemia indica), dogwood (Cornus florida), and sabal palm (Sabal palmetto). In a statistical comparison of sand live oak, live oak, and laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia) survival after four panhandle hurricanes, laurel oak had significantly poorer survival than both live oak and sand live oak. Among all species, larger trees lost more branches than medium and smaller trees. Leaf loss had a positive relationship with survival; losing leaves during the hurricane meant higher survival. Trees growing in groups or clusters had greater survival than those growing as individual trees. Tree species with higher wood density had greater survival. Tree species categorized as having dense crowns lost more branches than those with moderate and open crowns; however, contrary to the literature, dense-crowned species survived best. A survey of arborists, scientists, and urban foresters ranked species for their wind resistance. Using our results from hurricane measurements and incorporating results from the survey and the scientific literature, we have developed lists of relative wind resistance for tree species in the southeastern coastal plain. These lists should be used with caution with the knowledge that no species and no tree is completely windproof. In addition, local considerations such as soil, cultural practices, tree age and health, and other urban forest conditions need to be taken into account.
Calretinin staining pattern aids in the differentiation of mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma in serous effusions

The differentiation between malignant mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma based on morphology alone can be a diagnostic challenge. The majority of the available antibodies recognize molecules expressed by adenocarcinoma whereas to the authors' knowledge specific markers for mesothelial cells are lacking. Calretinin, a calcium‐binding protein, has been reported to be a selective marker for mesothelioma and largely is absent from adenocarcinoma on histologic material. The results with cytologic preparations have been inconsistent.
Routine early endoscopic cholangiography, sphincterotomy and removal of common duct stones in acute gallstone pancreatitis.

OBJECTIVE To study the efficacy, safety and timing of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) and sphincterotomy in patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis. DESIGN Open study in Tampere University Hospital, Finland. SUBJECTS 45 consecutive patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis who underwent ERC, with or without sphincterotomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The results of early, compared with late, ERC with or without sphincterotomy. RESULTS ERC was successful in all 45 patients. Ampullary impacted stone was found in eight. Common duct stones were found in 21 (47%) and sphincterotomy was successful in 19 of these (90%). Nine patients developed complications (20%), five of the nine in whom severe disease had been predicted (56%) and four of the 36 in whom mild disease had been predicted (11%, p < 0.01). Three patients required operations for necrotising pancreatitis, in two of whom sphincterotomy had failed. There was no difference in outcome between the 21 patients who had ERC with or without sphincterotomy within 72 hours (median 48 h) of the onset of symptoms and the 24 in whom it was delayed for a median of 144 hours. CONCLUSION ERC and sphincterotomy may be done safely as a routine in patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis, and delay for a median of six days (range 3-14) from the onset of symptoms did not seem to affect the outcome in our patients.
A modified dialyzer with vitamin E and antioxidant defense parameters.

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress, increased lipid peroxidation, and decreased activity of antioxidant systems may contribute to the accelerated development of atherosclerosis in patients receiving hemodialysis therapy for chronic renal failure. We investigated the influence of vitamin E on antioxidant defense parameters in hemodialysis patients who were using a modified dialyzer. METHODS In eight hemodialyzed patients, erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC), the concentration of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), and vitamins A, E, and C were investigated. Each parameter was measured before and after hemodialysis. The study was divided into three periods. Each period lasted three weeks, and during this time, 10 hemodialyses were performed. The first and second periods were carried out using the conventional dialyzer, Terumo CL-S15, but during the second period, patients received vitamin E 400 mg perorally after each hemodialysis. The third period was carried out using a modified dialyzer with vitamin E, Terumo CL-E15. All hemodialyzed patients were treated by erythropoietin and received vitamin C 50 mg/day and pyridoxine 20 mg/day during the entire study. RESULTS The peroral administration of vitamin E led to a significant increase of serum vitamin E (22%), and no influence on other antioxidant defense parameters was found. The modified dialyzer with vitamin E led to a significant increase of serum vitamin E (33%) and TAC and to the significant decrease of plasma MDA. CONCLUSION The results of our study suggest that the modified dialyzer with vitamin E provided more effective antioxidant defense than peroral administration of vitamin E in our hemodialysis patients.
Dual-energy CT: general principles.

OBJECTIVE In dual-energy CT (DECT), two CT datasets are acquired with different x-ray spectra. These spectra are generated using different tube potentials, partially also with additional filtration at 140 kVp. Spectral information can also be resolved by layer detectors or quantum-counting detectors. Several technical approaches-that is, sequential acquisition, rapid voltage switching, dual-source CT (DSCT), layer detector, quantum-counting detector-offer different spectral contrast and dose efficiency. Various postprocessing algorithms readily provide clinically relevant spectral information. CONCLUSION DECT offers the possibility to exploit spectral information for diagnostic purposes. There are different technical approaches, all of which have inherent advantages and disadvantages, especially regarding spectral contrast and dose efficiency. There are numerous clinical applications of DECT that are easily accessible with specific postprocessing algorithms.
Predictors of successful outcomes after external cephalic version in singleton term breech pregnancies: a nine-year historical cohort study.

OBJECTIVE To study the success rate, predictors for success, and pregnancy outcomes after external cephalic version. DESIGN Historical cohort study. SETTING Regional hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS All women who had singleton term breech pregnancies at term and opted for external cephalic version during 2001 and 2009. Their demographic data, clinical and ultrasound findings, procedure details, complications, and delivery outcomes were analysed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Predictive factors for successful external cephalic version. RESULTS A total of 209 external cephalic versions were performed during the 9-year period. The success rate was 63% (75% for multiparous and 53% for nulliparous women). There was no significant complication. On univariate analysis, predictors of successful external cephalic version were: multiparity, unengaged presenting part, higher amniotic fluid index (≥ 10 cm), thin abdominal wall, low uterine tone, and easily palpable fetal head (subjective assessment by practitioners before external cephalic version). On multivariate analysis, only multiparity, non-engagement of the fetal buttock and thin maternal abdomen were associated with successful external cephalic version. In all, 69% of those who had successful external cephalic version succeeded in the first roll (P<0.001), and 82% of the women with successful external cephalic versions had vaginal deliveries (93% in multiparous and 69% in nulliparous women). Uptake rate of external cephalic version was studied in the latter part of the study period (2006-2009). Whilst 735 women were eligible for external cephalic version, 131 women chose to have the procedure resulting in an uptake rate of 18%. CONCLUSION External cephalic version was effective in reducing breech presentations at term and corresponding caesarean section rates, but the uptake rate was low. Further work should address the barriers to the low acceptance of external cephalic version. The results of this study could encourage women to opt for external cephalic version.
Ischaemic cerebrovascular events in HIV infection: a cohort study.

Several case reports and series described ischaemic cerebrovascular events in HIV infection. However, the exact prevalence and the clinical features of these events are unknown. We performed a cohort study on 772 consecutive HIV infected patients and evaluated the rate of transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) and of completed stroke. A total prevalence of 1.9% for TIA (0.8%) and stroke (1.2%) was calculated resulting in an annual incidence rate of 216 per 100000. The prevalence was highest in the later stages of the infection. Stroke patients had a poorer immunological state than the TIA and the cohort patients. Probable (n = 3) and possible (n = 2) vasculitis and cardiogenic embolism (n = 2) could be detected as aetiology, the remaining patients had a cryptogenic event. Our data suggest that ischaemic cerebrovascular events are more common in HIV infected patients than in the general population and that a part of these events might be caused by HIV associated vasculitis or vasculopathy.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI DAN PANGSA PASAR TERHADAP PENGAMBILAN RESIKO BANK

This study aimed to examine the effect of concentration (Herfindahl index, concentration ratio) and market share (Market Share) torisk taking (Zscore) on go public banks in Indonesia. This study using purposive sampling method with a sample size of 40 biggest bank by assets in the country of Indonesia in 2010-2014. These results indicate that concentration with Herfindahl index proxies positive and significant effect on risk-taking. While the concentration of the proxy Concentration ratio and market share but not significant positive effect on risk-taking.
Diuretic action of exogenous hydrogen sulfide in spontaneously hypertensive diabetic rats

Purpose : To examine the hypothesis that in hypertensive diabetic rats hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) reduces blood pressure through diuretic action in addition to its vasodilating effect. Methods : Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were used. SHR were divided into three groups: SHR (II), SHR diabetic (III), and SHR diabetic NaHS-Treated (IV) with a group of WKY (I) rats serving as normotensive nondiabetic control. Diabetes was produced in two SHR groups using intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ). One diabetic group received NaHS, a donor of H 2 S (56 μM/kg i.p.) daily for five weeks. Blood pressure was measured in conscious and anesthetized states in surgically prepared animals. Plasma and urinary H2S levels and electrolytes were measured weekly throughout the 35-day period. Results : SHR and diabetic SHR had higher blood pressure and lower plasma and urinary H 2 S levels compared to WKY controls (p < 0.05). Moreover, the SHR diabetic group had higher plasma sodium, higher absolute and fractional sodium excretions (p < 0.05) but with similar blood pressure compared to SHR controls. NaHS treatment reduced blood pressure and restored H2S and plasma sodium (p < 0.05) levels. Moreover, SHR diabetic-NaHS treated group had higher urine output and absolute urinary sodium excretion compared to the untreated SHR diabetic group (p < 0.05). Conclusion : These results suggest a possible diuretic effect of exogenous H 2 S in spontaneously hypertensive diabetic rats. Keywords : Spontaneously hypertensive rats, Diabetes, Hydrogen sulphide, Diuretic, Sodium excretion, Urine output
Global Online Piracy Study

This report deals with the acquisition and consumption of music, films, series, books and games through the various legal and illegal channels that exist nowadays, in a set of 13 countries in Europe (France, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Sweden), the Americas (Brazil, Canada) and Asia (Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Thailand). The illegal channels studied are downloading and streaming from illegal sources (including via dedicated technical devices), and streamripping. The purposes are (i) to provide factual information about the state of authorised and unauthorised acquisition and consumption of content; (ii) to assess the underlying motives and mechanisms and the link with enforcement measures and legal supply; (iii) to assess the effect of online piracy on consumption from legal sources. At the core of the study is a consumer survey among nearly 35,000 respondents, including over 7,000 minors, in 13 countries.
EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS OF HOST-PLANT USE IN A GENUS OF LEAF-MINING MOTHS

Abstract We used nuclear 28S rDNA sequence data to estimate the phylogeny of 77 leaf-mining Phyllonorycter (Gracillariidae) moth species, including all 55 British species, feeding on 44 different plant genera. There was strong support for both the monophyly of Phyllonorycter and the placement of the genus Cameraria as its sister group. Host-plant use was mapped onto the moth phylogeny and investigated statistically in several ways. First, we show that the estimated level of cospeciation between leaf miners and their host plants is not greater than expected by chance, despite the physical intimacy of the association. Nevertheless, the pattern of host-plant use is far from random, with closely related Phyllonorycter species generally feeding on closely related plants. However, although Phyllonorycter species from a given host plant tend to form distinct clades, there is also statistical support for multiple independent colonizations of some host-plant taxa (e.g. the order Rosales and the genus Corylus). Despite numerous host shifts, most Phyllonorycter species feed on trees and the few species that attack shrubs or herbs have mostly acquired these habits independently. There is also limited evidence that host shifts to herbs are more likely from shrubs than from trees. Similarly, most species mine the lower surface of leaves but the few upper-surface miners have each evolved the habit independently. Consequently, these shifts to new adaptive zones have not led to substantial radiations.
Randomised, placebo controlled trial of effect of a leukotriene receptor antagonist, montelukast, on tapering inhaled corticosteroids in asthmatic patients

Abstract Objective: To determine the ability of montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, to allow tapering of inhaled corticosteroids in clinically stable asthmatic patients. Design: Double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, parallel group study. After a single blind placebo run in period, during which (at most) two inhaled corticosteroids dose decreases occurred, qualifying, clinically stable patients were allocated randomly to receive montelukast (10 mg tablet) or matching placebo once daily at bedtime for up to 12 weeks. Setting: 23 academic asthma centres in United States, Canada, and Europe. Participants: 226 clinically stable patients with chronic asthma receiving high doses of inhaled corticosteroids (113 randomised to montelukast and 113 to placebo). Interventions: Every 2 weeks, the inhaled corticosteroids dose was tapered, maintained, or increased (rescue) based on a standardised clinical score. Main outcome measures: Last tolerated dose of inhaled corticosteroids. Results: Compared with placebo, montelukast allowed significant (P=0.046) reduction in the inhaled corticosteroid dose (montelukast 47% v placebo 30%; least square mean difference 17.6%, 95% confidence interval 0.3 to 34.8). Fewer patients on montelukast (18 (16%) v 34 (30%) placebo, P=0.01) required discontinuation because of failed rescue. Conclusions: Montelukast reduces the need for inhaled corticosteroids among patients requiring moderate to high doses of corticosteroid to maintain asthma control. Key messages Leukotriene receptor antagonists have complementary action to inhaled corticosteroids in asthma Many patients receive higher doses of inhaled corticosteroids than clinically required In this placebo controlled trial, montelukast allowed significant reduction of inhaled corticosteroid doses Fewer patients receiving montelukast had failed rescue than patients receiving placebo
Bioactivity of AAV2‐neurturin gene therapy (CERE‐120): Differences between Parkinson's disease and nonhuman primate brains

Background: AAV2‐neurturin (CERE‐120) is designed to deliver the neurotrophic‐factor, neurturin, to the striatum to restore and protect degenerating nigrostriatal neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). A common hypothesis is that following expression in the striatum, neurotrophic‐factors like neurturin (NRTN) will be transported from degenerating terminals to their cell bodies in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Methods: We tested this concept using immunohistochemistry, comparing the bioactivity of AAV2‐neurturin in brains of PD patients versus those of nonhuman primates similarly treated. Results: NRTN‐immunostaining in the targeted striatum was seen in all PD cases (mean putaminal coverage: ∼15% by volume); comparable expression was observed in young, aged, and parkinsonian monkeys. In the SNc cell bodies, however, only rare evidence of neurturin was seen in PD, while ample evidence of intense nigral‐NRTN was observed in all monkeys. NRTN‐expression was associated with occasional, sparse TH‐induction in the striatum of PD, but nothing apparent in the SNc. In primates, NRTN produced robust TH‐induction throughout the nigrostriatal neurons. Discussion: These data provide the first evidence that gene therapy can increase expression of a neurotrophic‐factor deep in the PD brain and that clear but modest enhancement of degenerating neurons can be induced. They also provide important insight regarding deficiencies in the status of nigrostriatal neurons in advanced PD, suggesting that serious axon‐transport deficits reduced the bioactivity of AAV2‐NRTN by limiting the protein exposed to the cell body. Thus, future efforts using neurotrophic‐factors to treat neurodegenerative diseases will need to target both the terminal fields and the cell bodies of degenerating neurons to assure maximal benefit is achieved. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society