Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
When demand exceeds supply for psychotherapy: evaluation of the client priority rating scale (CPRS) as a triage protocol

Whilst there has been much research conducted on triage in psychiatric inpatient emergency services, there has been very little conducted on triage for traditional outpatient psychotherapy services. Waiting lists for outpatient psychotherapy are common throughout public health services, and how to effectively and fairly determine priority remains a dilemma. This thesis set out to investigate a new method of psychotherapy triage using the Client Priority Rating Scale (CPRS). Specifically, the study aimed to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of the CPRS in terms of its reliability, utility and the characteristics of clients prioritised most highly for treatment. The CPRS requires clinicians to make weighted ratings in the domains of Suicidality, Severity of Presenting Problem, Strength of Internal Coping Resources, Availability of Interim Care Options and Possible Negative Impact of Waiting following an initial assessment interview. Scores are then summed and total scores can be used to prioritise waiting times for psychotherapy services. Use of the CPRS was examined in a naturalistic setting with multi-diagnostic clients (n=68) and a standardised controlled setting with depressed clients (n=86). The CPRS was found to have good inter-rater agreement and consistency. As predicted, those with higher CPRS scores were significantly more likely to commence psychotherapy treatment before those with lower scores. CPRS score was found to be significantly related to diagnosis as well as social and psychological functioning such that those with a greater level of psychopathology were more likely to have been assigned higher priority scores. CPRS was also found to be significantly related to working alliance and outcome. In general, clients with lower CPRS scores had better outcomes than those with higher CPRS scores. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the
Radiation via Tunneling from a de Sitter Cosmological Horizon

Hawking radiation can usefully be viewed as a semi-classical tunneling process that originates at the black hole horizon. The same basic premise should apply to de Sitter background radiation, with the cosmological horizon of de Sitter space now playing the featured role. In fact, a recent work [hep-th/0204107] has gone a long way to verifying the validity of this de Sitter-tunneling picture. In the current paper, we extend these prior considerations to arbitrary-dimensional de Sitter space, as well as Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetimes. It is shown that the tunneling formalism naturally censors against any black hole with a mass in excess of the Nariai value; thus enforcing a ``third law'' of Schwarzschild-de Sitter thermodynamics. We also provide commentary on the dS/CFT correspondence in the context of this tunneling framework.
Comparative Treatment Outcomes of Menopausal and Nonmenopausal Women After Arthrocentesis

Objectives Most of the patients treated for temporomandibular joint disorders constituted from the female population, and this situation is generally hypothesized and demonstrated in several studies. Arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint is a minimally invasive and effective treatment method in the management of patients with stage III and stage IV Wilkes syndrome. This study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of this method between menopausal and nonmenopausal female patients. Study Design A total of 59 patients (25 menopausal and 34 nonmenopausal) were evaluated according to the visual analog scale for pain and chewing function scores, joint sound, and maximum mouth opening. Results In both groups, the parameters were detected statistically significant according to follow-up periods. The menopausal group showed better results than the nonmenopausal group at 6-month controls. Conclusion In conclusion, arthrocentesis is a satisfactory treatment modality in the management of temporomandibular joint derangements. Female reproductive hormone levels may affect the success of this procedure.
Isoflurane Mimics Ischemic Preconditioning via Activation of KATP Channels: Reduction of Myocardial Infarct Size with An Acute Memory Phase

Background: The authors tested the hypothesis that isoflurane directly preconditions myocardium against infarction via activation of K sub ATP channels and that the protection afforded by isoflurane is associated with an acute memory phase similar to that of ischemic preconditioning. Methods: Barbiturate‐anesthetized dogs (n = 71) were instrumented for measurement of systemic hemodynamics. Myocardial infarct size was assessed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. All dogs were subjected to a single prolonged (60 min) left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Ischemic preconditioning was produced by four 5‐min LAD occlusions interspersed with 5‐min periods of reperfusion before the prolonged LAD occlusion and reperfusion. The actions of isoflurane to decrease infarct size were examined in dogs receiving 1 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) isoflurane that was discontinued 5 min before prolonged LAD occlusion. The interaction between isoflurane and ischemic preconditioning on infarct size was evaluated in dogs receiving isoflurane before and during preconditioning LAD occlusions and reperfusions. To test whether the cardioprotection produced by isoflurane can mimic the acute memory of ischemic preconditioning, isoflurane was discontinued 30 min before prolonged LAD occlusion and reperfusion. The mechanism of isoflurane‐induced cardioprotection was evaluated in two final groups of dogs pretreated with glyburide in the presence or absence of isoflurane. Results: Myocardial infarct size was 25.3 +/‐ 2.9% of the area at risk during control conditions. Isoflurane and ischemic preconditioning produced significant (P < 0.05) and equivalent reductions in infarct size (ischemic preconditioning alone, 9.6 +/‐ 2.0; isoflurane alone, 11.8 +/‐ 2.7; isoflurane and ischemic preconditioning, 5.1 +/‐ 1.9%). Isoflurane‐induced reduction of infarct size also persisted 30 min after discontinuation of the anesthetic (13.9 +/‐ 1.5%), independent of hemodynamic effects during LAD occlusion. Glyburide alone had no effect on infarct size (28.3 +/‐ 3.9%), but it abolished the protective effects of isoflurane (27.1 +/‐ 4.6%). Conclusions: Isoflurane directly preconditions myocardium against infarction via activation of KATP channels in the absence of hemodynamic effects and exhibits acute memory of preconditioning in vivo.
Constitutive Activation of c-Met in Liver Metastatic B16 Melanoma Cells Depends on Both Substrate Adhesion and Cell Density and Is Regulated by a Cytosolic Tyrosine Phosphatase Activity*

Serial selection in vivo for liver colonization of B16 murine melanoma cells consistently resulted in cell lines expressing elevated amounts of the hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor receptor (c-Met), which is constitutively activated in the absence of its cognate ligand. In this paper we present evidence suggesting that c-Met constitutive activation in liver-specific B16 melanoma cells depends on both receptor concentration on the cell surface and a cytosolic tyrosine phosphatase activity. In fact, c-Met constitutive activation is suddenly lost upon detachment of the cells from the substrate and is dramatically decreased in adherent cells plated at low density. The loss of tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Met in suspension appears to depend, at least partly, on an increased cytosolic tyrosine phosphatase activity. Instead, lower activation of c-Met at low density mostly results from a decrease in receptor concentration on the membrane. Moreover, we show that c-Met activation does not occur homogeneously on the surface of adherent cells. In fact, receptor concentration and activation appear to be higher on the ventral surface (adherent to the substrate) than on the apical surface. Upon detachment, compartmentalization is lost, leading to a decrease in average receptor density on the plasma membrane and hence to a lower activation.
The diagnosis of autism and Asperger syndrome: findings from a survey of 770 families

As part of a wider survey of parents of children with autistic spectrum disorders in the UK, the diagnostic experiences of 614 parents of children with autism and 156 with Asperger syndrome were compared. Although the ages of the children in the two groups were very similar at the time of the survey, parents of children given a diagnosis of Asperger syndrome had experienced significantly longer delays and greater frustration in obtaining a diagnosis than those with a child with autism. In the‘autism group’the average age when diagnosis was confirmed was around 5.5 years; in the‘Asperger group’it was 11 years. Parents of children with a diagnosis of autism were generally aware of problems in their child's development by 18 months of age; in the Asperger group concerns emerged later, at around 30 months of age. Initial worries in both groups centred around abnormal social development but parents of children with Asperger syndrome were less likely to have noted communication problems. Stereotyped or repetitive behaviours were not prominent in the early years in either group. Despite the problems inherent in data collected by postal survey, many of the findings of this study are supported by other research. The practical implications of delayed diagnosis, especially in the case of more able children with Asperger syndrome are discussed.
Residual adverse changes in arterial endothelial function and LDL oxidation after a mild systemic inflammation induced by influenza vaccination

Background. Several clinical studies have suggested possible increase in cardiovascular risk during and in the first weeks after an acute inflammatory disease. Using influenza vaccine as inflammatory stimulus, we investigated whether arterial endothelial dysfunction could persist beyond the inflammatory state, and whether amplified oxidative modification of low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) accompanies this vascular disturbance. Methods and subjects. The brachial artery responses to hyperemia (flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD), and to sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), and the carotid intima‐media thickness were assessed by external ultrasound in eight healthy male volunteers (age 17–30 y) before, and 2 and 14 days after intramuscular administration of influenza vaccine. Plasma levels of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and antibodies against oxidized LDL (oxLDL) were measured at each time point. Data are means±standard errors of the mean (SEM). Results. Influenza vaccination caused a slight elevation in CRP (from 0.5±0.1 at baseline, to 2±0.6 mg/L, P = 0.01) and fibrinogen (from 2.3±0.1 to 2.7±0.1 g/L, P = 0.01) at 2 days, which completely resolved at 14 days (CRP: 0.6±0.2 mg/L, P = 0.9, and fibrinogen: 2.3±0.1 g/L, P = 0.8 versus baseline). OxLDL antibody levels rose significantly at 2 days (from 1±0.1 at baseline to 2±0.4, P = 0.04), and remained elevated at 14 days (1.7±0.3, P = 0.1 versus baseline). FMD of the brachial artery decreased at 2 days (from 8.3±1.2% at baseline, to 5.4±1%, P = 0.05) with a further decrease at 14 days (4.9±0.8%, P = 0.03 versus baseline). The dilatory responses to GTN and the carotid IMT remained unchanged throughout the study period (P>0.5). Conclusion. Abnormalities in arterial function and LDL oxidation may persist for at least 2 weeks after a slight inflammatory reaction induced by influenza vaccination. These could explain in part the earlier reported increase in cardiovascular risk during the first weeks after an acute inflammatory disorder.
Sources and practicality of momentum profits: evidence from the UK market

It is hard to believe that rewarding opportunities in a liberalised market are left unexploited by acquisitive market participants or even by proficient institutional investors. Notwithstanding this, the sources of momentum profits have been puzzling academics for many years. Therefore, the incentives for these rewarding opportunities remain an unresolved mystery long after the momentum phenomenon has been identified. The significance of the momentum phenomenon is reflected in the voluminous studies that investigate it. This thesis aims to investigate a number of issues surrounding the debate on the momentum phenomenon in order to provide a broader understanding of the profitability of momentum strategies and its sources by using alternative as well as some new methods. Furthermore, this study investigates momentum strategies in the UK market by controlling for several market microstructure effects and finds that momentum profits tend to disappear after the six months holding period, from the year 2000, providing evidence of fading momentum profits. While market states fail to explain fading momentum profits, this study argues that it is the result of gradual market awareness. Seasonal effects on momentum returns after 1998 show evidence of continuing tax-loss selling activity, and hence, draw impactions on the effectiveness of the governmental 1998 Tax-Act. This thesis also supports the presence of an industry effect on the cross-section of momentum returns; however, this effect is small and is confined to the stocks that have performed well in the past and increases with liquidity. Empirical evidence suggests that momentum profits exist among the highly liquid stocks that are weekly traded. The findings also suggest that market frictions such as short sales constraints and trading costs cannot eliminate momentum profits among optioned or non-optioned (comparable) stocks using a new technique to measure transaction costs. The overall evidence implies that the observed momentum profits are not fully attributed to the argued trading obstacles but mainly driven by biased investment decisions and that momentum profits are significant even after controlling for uncertainty, ambiguity and trading costs
Development and structuring of commercial mortgage-backed securities in Australia

Using artificial neural networks (ANN) and ordinal regression (OR) as alternative methods to predict LPT bond ratings, we examine the role that various financial and industry-based variables have on Listed Property Trust (LPT) bond ratings issued by Standard and Poor’s from 1999-2006. Our study shows that both OR and ANN provide robust alternatives to rating LPT bonds and that there are no significant differences in results between the full models of the two methods. OR results show that of the financial variables used in our models, debt coverage and financial leverage ratios have the most profound effect on LPT bond ratings. Further, ANN results show that 73.0% of LPT bond rating is attributable to financial variables and 27.0% to industry-based variables with office LPT sector accounting for 2.6%, retail LPT 10.9% and stapled management structure 13.5%.
Value creation through stakeholder synergy

Our “stakeholder synergy” perspective identifies new value creation opportunities that are especially effective strategically because a single strategic action (1) increases different types of value for two or more essential stakeholder groups simultaneously, and (2) does not reduce the value already received by any other essential stakeholder group. This result is obtainable because multiple potential sources of value creation exist for each essential stakeholder group. Actions that meet these criteria increase the size of the value “pie” available for essential stakeholder groups, and thereby serve to attract exceptional stakeholders and obtain their increasing effort and commitment. The stakeholder synergy perspective extends stakeholder theory further into the strategy realm, and offers insights for realizing broader value creation that is more likely to produce sustainable competitive advantage. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EVIDENCE OF THE EFFECTS OF WATER QUALITY ON RESIDENTIAL LAND PRICES

We use hedonic techniques to show that water quality has a significant effect on property values along the Chesapeake Bay. We calculate the potential benefits from an illustrative (but limited) water quality improvement, and we calculate an upper bound to the benefits from a more widespread improvement. Many environmental hedonic studies have almost entirely ignored the potential for omitted variables bias-the possibility that pollution sources, in addition to emitting undesirable substances, are likely to be unpleasant neighbors. We discuss the implications of this oversight, and we provide an application that addresses this potential problem. o 2000 Acadcmic Prcss
Dynamics of Demand for Rainfall Index Insurance: Evidence from a Commercial Product in India

This paper analyzes the dynamic nature of rainfall insurance purchasing decisions, specifically looking at whether and why receiving an insurance payout induces a greater chance of purchasing insurance again the next year. This analysis uses customer data from the Indian micro-finance institution BASIX, and finds that receiving an insurance payout is associated with a 9 to 22 percentage points increased probability of purchasing insurance the following year. This affect appears to be driven by behavioral effects of receiving a payout, and cannot be explained by trust, learning, or direct effects of weather. Overall, low repurchasing rates even after payouts suggest that current rainfall index insurance products are likely to continue struggling to achieve significant sales at market prices.
Hybrid bureaucracies? Control and autonomy in small consultancy firms

This research proposal outlines a plan for a 4 year multiple case study on the degree of bureaucracy and the type of control and autonomy in small partnership-based consultancy firms. These areas are particular interesting in relation to discussions of bureaucratic hybrids - most notably those of soft- and post-bureaucracies - where a literature review shows that there are empirical and theoretical discrepancies related to these ideas. As such more studies are needed and, it is argued, particular in small consultancy firms as these, by some, are seen as the ideal-types of the post-bureaucratic ideal.
Brief Hospitalization: Two-Year Follow-up

• This article presents the long-term follow-up effects of brief vs standard hospitalization on families. One hundred seventyfive newly admitted inpatients who lived with their families were randomly assigned to standard inpatient care, brief hospitalization followed by the availability of transitional day care, and brief hospitalization. All patients were offered follow-up outpatient treatment. Initial length of stay was 11 days for both brief hospitalization groups and 60 days for the standard group. The long-term results generally indicate little differential effect between treatments. When differences occurred, they generally favored the brief groups. For example, at one year the standard group families were judged to have a higher overall level of burden than the brief-day families. The findings suggest that patients are more likely to be rehospitalized because of their psychopathology than because of family burden.
Macroeconomic Effects on Stock Liquidity

This research studies the effects of macroeconomic factors on liquidity, focusing on the pricing of liquidity. By applying cross-sectional tests, we obtain the monthly price of liquidity. Overall, the results show that the growth rate in industrial production has significant contemporaneous effects on the price of liquidity. Interestingly, macroeconomic factors, especially the rate of growth in industrial production, have significant predictive power on liquidity pricing when the market is in recession. This study provides evidence that the pricing of liquidity is time-varying and can be partially explained by business cycles and the rate of growth in industrial production. The findings will also help us understand the sources of commonality of liquidity.
Predictors of positive preoperative urine cultures in asymptomatic women undergoing urogynecologic surgery

Aim: To identify risk factors for positive preoperative urine cultures in asymptomatic women undergoing urogynecologic surgery. We also sought to identify risk factors for mixed flora clean catch urine cultures. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Demographic data and screening preoperative urine cultures were extracted on all women who underwent urogynecologic surgery between 9/2011 and 9/2013. Urine culture results were defined as: negative (no growth), positive (≥100K organisms), and contaminated (mixed flora). Women with <100K colony-forming units of a single organism were excluded. Logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate for differences between groups. Results: 490 women were included. When comparing positive to negative cultures, the positive culture group was more likely to have a history of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) (20% vs. 5%, p=0.001). In a logistic regression model,a history of recurrent UTIs remained a risk factor for a positive preoperative urine culture (OR 6.9, 95% CI 2.3-20.8), whereas vaginal estrogen usage decreased the risk of a positive preoperative culture (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.9). When comparing contaminated to negative cultures, the contaminated culture group was more likely to be obese (45% vs. 28%, p=0.001). In a logistic regression model, obesity remained a risk factor for contaminated preoperative urine cultures (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.3-3.2). Conclusion: A history of recurrent UTIs was a risk factor for a positive preoperative urine culture in asymptomatic women undergoing urogynecologic surgery. Vaginal estrogen therapy was associated with fewer positive preoperative urine cultures. Obesity was an independent risk factor for contaminated (mixed flora) clean catch urine culture results. Correspondence to: Michael R. Polin MD, Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA, Tel: (919) 401-1000; Fax: (919) 401-1033; E-mail: michael.polin@duke.edu
Why Do Spanish Firms Rarely Use the Bankruptcy System? The Role of the Mortgage Institution

Taking advantage of a rich database of more than 1 million companies in Spain, France and the U.K., we propose and test a hypothesis to explain why Spain has one of the world’s lowest business bankruptcy rates, even during the current economic crisis and after controlling for market exit rates. This hypothesis is based on two premises, the low efficiency of the Spanish bankruptcy system relative to that of an alternative insolvency institution, the mortgage system, and the unattractiveness of the personal bankruptcy law
One Foot in, One Foot Out: How Does Individuals’ External Search Breadth Affect Innovation Outcomes?

The ‘variance hypothesis’ predicts that external search breadth will lead to innovation outcomes, but time for search is fixed and cultivating breadth takes time. How does individuals’ external search breadth affect innovation outcomes? We match survey data with complete patent records, to examine the search behaviors of elite experts at one of the world’s most innovative firms. Counter to expectations, individuals who spent more time inside the firm were more likely to be innovative. Individuals with high external search breadth were more innovative only when they allocated more attention to those sources. Our research identifies limits to the ‘variance hypothesis’ and reveals two successful approaches to innovation search: ‘cosmopolitans’ who cultivate and attend to external sources and ‘locals’ who draw upon internal sources.