Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Nasopharynx: 27‐Year Experience

Objective/Hypothesis: Nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma (NACC) is a rare malignancy with special biological features. Clear consensus is not available regarding the clinical characters, management approaches, and prognostic factors. We presented one institution's experience with this tumor and the outcomes of treatment.
Inhibition of Rat Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation by Heparin: II. In Vitro Studies

We studied in vitro the effects of heparin on the growth of rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Measurements of growth were monitored by [3H]thymidine uptake and changes in cell number over a period of 3 days. Our results show that heparin—highly anticoagulant or nonanticoagulant—signifi-cantly inhibits growth of smooth muscle cells. We also show that this is a highly specific interaction with regard to molecule and cell type: i.e., other polyanions, except for a low molecular weight dextran sulfate, do not have the same effect on growth, and not all cells are inhibited by heparin; e.g., endothelial cell growth actually is enhanced. After removing antithrombin from our media, we carried out experiments which show that heparin is effective even though thrombin, a potent mitogenic agent, is still present and active. We also found that passing the platelet extract over a heparin column did not remove all of the mitogenic activity of the platelet preparation. Both experiments indicate an inhibitory role for the heparin molecule, per se. Our results support the findines of a recent paper (Guyton et al., 1980) showing that heparin can limit the size of myointimal plaques in rats after carotid injuries by inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation. Circ Res 47: 578-583, 1980
Characterization of 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 7 in Reproductive Tissues of the Marmoset Monkey1

Abstract In contrast to the known rodent enzymes, the physiological significance of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7 (17HSD7) and its presumed function in reproductive biology is not well understood in primates. As a first step, we recently cloned the complete coding regions of human and marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) 17HSD7 (cj17HSD7). In the present work the complete cDNA of marmoset 17HSD1 (cj17HSD1), including the proximal promoter region, and a partial sequence of marmoset aromatase (cjARO) were sequenced in order to compare the expression of these estradiol synthesizing enzymes with that of 17HSD7 in a primate model and to identify tissues where 17HSD7 might participate in the pathway of estradiol synthesis. The gene structures of cj17HSD1 and cj17HSD7 were determined and proved to be very similar to the human orthologues. Northern hybridization showed that cjARO mRNA seems to be coexpressed preferably with cj17HSD1 in placenta, whereas in other tissues it is expressed in parallel only with cj17HSD7. Especially in corpora lutea, the cj17HSD7 transcript is detectable throughout the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle and increases during pregnancy, in parallel with the transcript of aromatase. Results were confirmed by immunoblots and immunohistochemistry using new polyclonal antisera directed against cj17HSD7 and cjARO protein. The enzymatic conversion of estrone to estradiol was assessed in marmoset corpora lutea. The pattern of coexpression with aromatase supports the hypothesis that luteal 17HSD7 complements placental 17HSD1, ensuring continued estradiol synthesis throughout pregnancy in primates.
A theorem on n-tuples which is equivalent to the well-ordering theorem

W. Sierpinski [5] proved that the axiom of choice implies P(3, £)and B. Sobocinski [6] proved that P(3, 2) implies the axiom of choice. Moreover, unknown to us, W. Frascella has also been working on this problem. In [1] Frascella proved that for each natural number n>2, P(n, n-1) is equivalent to the axiom of choice and in [2] he proved the main results of this paper. However, Frascella's proofs are considerably different from ours.
Context-Aware Platform with User Availability Estimation and Light-Based Announcements

As the number of computer-based systems and consumer gadgets is growing, users are becoming increasingly overwhelmed by the requests for attention coming from this variety of devices. In addition, technology has quickened the pace of life and work to the extent that interaction between people has become more frequent. Dealing with both social and device-driven interruptions has become one of the important goals of context-aware systems of today. This paper proposes a context-aware platform that can help mitigate the negative effects of interruptions in human work and living. The platform uses a scalable set of sensors to estimate user availability in the home or office environment. This information is announced to possible interrupters (e.g., household members and software application) by using a web portal, lighting effects, or interfaces to a home automation system or any other interested entity in the local network. This paper presents several contributions to the field. Platform architecture is considered scalable enough to fit to a variety of today's consumer devices and smart home systems. The experiments were conducted to show the effectiveness of the platform usage within a living room area, as opposed to the traditional office contexts where the availability tends to be easier to determine. The last contribution is related to the novel method and the evaluation of the use of lighting announcements of availability instead of the traditional inefficient busy flags.
Arbeitsmarkteinstieg nach dualer Berufsausbildung: Migranten und Deutsche im Vergleich

"In der Debatte uber Integrationspolitik fur Personen mit Migrationshintergrund kommt der Teilnahme am Arbeitsmarkt eine Schlusselrolle zu. Der Einstieg uber die duale Berufsausbildung stellt fur Jugendliche allgemein - aber insbesondere fur Migranten, die in den hoheren Bildungsabschlussen unterreprasentiert sind - eine wichtige Zugangsvoraussetzung dar. In dem Beitrag wird der Berufseinstieg von Migranten und Deutschen untersucht, die eine Ausbildung im dualen Ausbildungssystem in Deutschland erfolgreich abgeschlossen haben. Diese Erwerbsphase ist deshalb von besonderer Relevanz, da sie fur den weiteren Berufsverlauf stark pragend ist. Auf Basis der Abschlusskohorte 2002 wird sowohl der erfolgreiche Einstieg nach der Ausbildung untersucht, als auch die Nachhaltigkeit mittels der Dauer der ersten Beschaftigungsphase analysiert. Dazu werden theoretische Erklarungsmuster erlautert, die Bildungs- und Arbeitsmarktbeteiligung von Auslandern in den letzten Jahren thematisiert und nach Ausbildungsberufen unterschieden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen fur Turken ein deutlich erhohtes Arbeitslosigkeitsrisiko beim Einstieg, wahrend fur sonstige Migranten der Arbeitsmarkteintritt zwar haufiger mit einer Teilzeitbeschaftigung erfolgt, aber im Vergleich zu Deutschen nur ein leicht hoheres Arbeitslosigkeitsrisiko vorliegt. Fur die Nachhaltigkeit der ersten Beschaftigungsphase fur diejenigen Absolventen, die direkt im Anschluss an ihre Ausbildung eine Beschaftigung gefunden haben, zeigen sich keine nationenspezifischen Unterschiede. " (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Unraveling the Processes Underlying Evaluation: Attitudes from the Perspective of the Ape Model

The present article provides an analysis of the attitude construct from the perspective of the Associative–Propositional Evaluation Model (APE Model). It is argued that evaluative responses should be understood in terms of their underlying mental processes: associative and propositional processes. Whereas associative processes are characterized by mere activation, independent of subjective truth or falsity, propositional reasoning is concerned with the validation of evaluations and beliefs. Associative processes are claimed to provide the basis for primitive affective reactions; propositional processes are assumed to form the basis for evaluative judgments. Implications of this conceptualization for a variety of questions are discussed, such as automatic features of attitudes, processes of attitude formation and change, attitude representation in memory, context–sensitivity and stability of attitudes, and the difference between personal and cultural evaluations.
Thyroid hormone is a critical determinant for the regulation of the cochlear motor protein prestin

The most impressive property of outer hair cells (OHCs) is their ability to change their length at high acoustic frequencies, thus providing the exquisite sensitivity and frequency-resolving capacity of the mammalian hearing organ. Prestin, a protein related to a sulfate/anion transport protein, recently has been identified and proposed as the OHC motor molecule. Homology searches of 1.5 kb of genomic DNA 5′ of the coding region of the prestin gene allowed the identification of a thyroid hormone (TH) response element (TRE) in the first intron upstream of the prestin ATG codon. PrestinTRE bound TH receptors as a monomer or presumptive heterodimer and mediated a triiodothyronine-dependent transactivation of a heterologous promotor in response to triiodothyronine receptors α and β. Retinoid X receptor-α had an additive effect. Expression of prestin mRNA and prestin protein was reduced strongly in the absence of TH. Although prestin protein typically was redistributed to the lateral membrane before the onset of hearing, an immature pattern of prestin protein distribution across the entire OHC membrane was noted in hypothyroid rats. The data suggest TH as a first transcriptional regulator of the motor protein prestin and as a direct or indirect modulator of subcellular prestin distribution.
Prospective inter-relationships between late adolescent personality and major depressive disorder in early adulthood

Background A well-established body of literature demonstrates concurrent associations between personality traits and major depressive disorder (MDD), but there have been relatively few investigations of their dynamic interplay over time. Method Prospective inter-relationships between late-adolescent personality and MDD in early adulthood were examined in a community sample of male and female twins from the Minnesota Twin Family Study (MTFS; n = 1252). Participants were classified into naturally occurring MDD groups based on the timing (adolescent versus adult onset) and course (chronic/recurrent versus remitting) of MDD. MDD diagnoses were assessed at ages 17, 20, 24 and 29 years, and personality traits [negative emotionality (NEM), positive emotionality (PEM) and constraint (CON)] were assessed at ages 17, 24 and 29 years. Results Multilevel modeling (MLM) analyses indicated that higher age-17 NEM was associated with the subsequent development of MDD, and any MDD, regardless of onset or course, was associated with higher NEM up to age 29. Moreover, the chronic/recurrent MDD groups failed to show the normative decrease in NEM from late adolescence to early adulthood. Lower age-17 PEM was also associated with the subsequent development of MDD but only among the chronic/recurrent MDD groups. Finally, the adolescent-onset MDD groups reported lower age-17 CON relative to the never-depressed and adult-onset MDD groups. Conclusions Taken together, the results speak to the role of personality traits for conferring risk for the onset of MDD in late adolescence and early adulthood, in addition to the pernicious implications of chronic/recurrent MDD, particularly when it onsets during adolescence, for adaptive personality development.
Continuous versus frequent intermittent nebulization of albuterol in acute asthma: a randomized, prospective study.

BACKGROUND In acute severe asthma the optimal dose, frequency, duration and method of administration of beta-2 agonists is unknown. No study to date has evaluated the efficacy of high dose beta-2 agonists beyond the initial two hours. OBJECTIVE (1) To determine whether high-dose continuous nebulization of albuterol (7.5 mg/h) is as safe and as efficacious as high-dose intermittent nebulization of albuterol (2.5 mg every 20 minutes) for four hours. (2) To evaluate whether there is a continual improvement using high dose therapy beyond two hours. METHODS We devised a simple means of continuous nebulization calibrated to deliver 7.5 mg albuterol per hour. Twenty-two nonsmoking, patients with acute, severe asthma who presented to the emergency department with less than 60% predicted normal PEFR were randomized to either the continuous or intermittent group. All patients received intravenously 125 mg methyl prednisolone on initiation of the study. No theophylline was administered. Spirometry and vital signs were measured at baseline and every 30 minutes thereafter. Electrocardiograms were obtained on all patients and all patients had continuous cardiac monitoring. RESULTS Both groups doubled their baseline spirometric values over the four-hour period (P < .0001). The FEV1 did not differ significantly between regimens at any time interval. Improvement from 120 minutes to 240 minutes was statistically significant (P < .0001). There was no significant difference in vital signs at the end of the study compared with baseline in either group, nor between the two groups at any time interval. CONCLUSION High-dose continuous nebulization of albuterol is as safe and as efficacious as intermittent nebulization of albuterol in the early treatment of asthma in an emergency department. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing continued significant improvement beyond the initial two hours of therapy using high dose nebulized beta-2 agonists.
VIOLATION OF RICHARDSON'S CRITERION VIA INTRODUCTION OF A MAGNETIC FIELD

Shear flow instabilities can profoundly affect the diffusion of momentum in jets, stars, and disks. The Richardson criterion gives a sufficient condition for instability of a shear flow in a stratified medium. The velocity gradient V′ can only destabilize a stably stratified medium with squared Brunt–Väisälä frequency N 2 if V′2/4>N2. We find this is no longer true when the medium is a magnetized plasma. We investigate the effect of stable stratification on the magnetic field and velocity profiles unstable to magneto-shear instabilities, i.e., instabilities which require the presence of both magnetic field and shear flow. We show that a family of profiles originally studied by Tatsuno & Dorland remains unstable even when V′2/4 < N2, violating the Richardson criterion. However, not all magnetic fields can result in a violation of the Richardson criterion. We consider a class of flows originally considered by Kent, which are destabilized by a constant magnetic field, and show that they become stable when V′2/4 < N2, as predicted by the Richardson criterion. This suggests that magnetic free energy is required to violate the Richardson criterion. This work implies that the Richardson criterion cannot be used when evaluating the ideal stability of a sheared, stably stratified, and magnetized plasma. We briefly discuss the implications for astrophysical systems.
The Investigation of Construct Validity of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-5 Personality Traits on Iranian sample with Antisocial and Borderline Personality Disorders

BACKGROUND The goal of this study was to examine the construct validity of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder-5 (DSM-5) conceptual model of antisocial and borderline personality disorders (PDs). More specifically, the aim was to determine whether the DSM-5 five-factor structure of pathological personality trait domains replicated in an independently collected sample that differs culturally from the derivation sample. METHODS This study was on a sample of 346 individuals with antisocial (n = 122) and borderline PD (n = 130), and nonclinical subjects (n = 94). Participants randomly selected from prisoners, out-patient, and in-patient clients. Participants were recruited from Tehran prisoners, and clinical psychology and psychiatry clinics of Razi and Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The SCID-II-PQ, SCID-II, DSM-5 Personality Trait Rating Form (Clinician's PTRF) were used to diagnosis of PD and to assessment of pathological traits. The data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis. RESULTS Factor analysis revealed a 5-factor solution for DSM-5 personality traits. Results showed that DSM-5 has adequate construct validity in Iranian sample with antisocial and borderline PDs. Factors similar in number with the other studies, but different in the content. CONCLUSIONS Exploratory factor analysis revealed five homogeneous components of antisocial and borderline PDs. That may represent personality, behavioral, and affective features central to the disorder. Furthermore, the present study helps understand the adequacy of DSM-5 dimensional approach to evaluation of personality pathology, specifically on Iranian sample.
INTRACLUTCH DIFFERENCES IN EGG CHARACTERISTICS MITIGATE THE CONSEQUENCES OF AGE‐RELATED HIERARCHIES IN A WILD PASSERINE

The relative age of an individual's siblings is a major cause of fitness variation in many species. In Blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus), we show that age hierarchies are predominantly caused by incubation preclutch completion, such that last laid eggs hatch later than early laid eggs. However, after statistically controlling for incubation behavior late laid eggs are shown to hatch more quickly than early laid eggs reducing the amount of asynchrony. By experimentally switching early and late laid eggs between nests on the day they were laid, we controlled for the effect of differential incubation and found that the faster hatching times of late laid eggs remains. Chicks that hatched earlier were heavier and had higher probability of fledgling, and chicks that hatched from experimental eggs had patterns of growth and survival consistent with this. Egg mass explained a small part of this variation, but the remainder must be due to egg composition. These results are consistent with the idea that intrinsic differences between eggs across the laying sequence serve to mitigate the effects of age‐related hierarchies. We also show that between‐clutch variation in prenatal developmental rate exists and that it is mainly environmental in origin rather than genetic.
First report on a human percutaneous transluminal implantation of a self‐expanding valve prosthesis for interventional treatment of aortic valve stenosis

Background: Percutaneous aortic valve replacement is a new technology for the treatment of patients with significant aortic valve stenosis. We present the first report on a human implantation of a self‐expanding aortic valve prosthesis, which is composed of three bovine pericardial leaflets inserted within a self‐expanding nitinol stent. The 73‐year‐old woman presented with severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis (mean transvalvular gradient of 45 mmHg; valve area of 0.7 cm2). Surgical valve replacement had been declined for the patient because of comorbidities, including previous bypass surgery. Method and Results: A retrograde approach via the common iliac artery was used for valve deployment. The contralateral femoral vessels were used for a temporary extracorporal circulation, unloading the left ventricle during the actual stent expansion. Clinical, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic outcomes were assessed serially during the procedure. Clinical and echocardiographic follow‐up at day 1, 2, and 14 post procedure was performed to evaluate the short‐term outcome. The prosthesis was successfully deployed within the native aortic valve, with accurate and stable positioning and with no impairment of the coronary artery or vein graft blood flow. 2D and doppler echo immediately after device deployment showed a significant reduction in transaortic mean pressure gradient (from 45 to 8 mmHg) without evidence of aortic or mitral valve insufficiency. The clinical status has then significantly improved. These results remained unchanged up to the day 14 follow‐up. Conclusion: This case report demonstrates a successful percutaneous implantation of a self‐expanding aortic valve prosthesis with remarkable functional and clinical improvements in the acute and short‐term outcome. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bloody Foreigners: The Story of Immigration to Britain

Immigration is one of the most important stories of modern British life, yet it has been happening since Caesar first landed in 53 BC. Ever since the first Roman, Saxon, Jute and Dane leaped off a boat we have been a mongrel nation. Our roots are a tangled web. From Huguenot weavers fleeing French Catholic persecution in the 18th century to South African dentists to Indian shopkeepers; from Jews in York in the 12th century (who had to wear a yellow star to distinguish them and who were shamefully expelled by Edward I in 1272) to the Jamaican who came on board the Windrush in 1947. The first Indian MP was elected in 1892, Walter Tull, the first black football player played (for Spurs and Northampton) before WW1 (and died heroically fighting for the allies in the last months of the war); in 1768 there were 20,000 black people in London (out of a population of 600,000 - a similar percentage to today). The 19th century brought huge numbers of Italians, Irish, Jews (from Russia and Poland mainly), Germans and Poles. This book draws all their stories together in a compelling narrative.
Comparison of nodule induction in legume and actinorhizal symbioses: the induction of actinorhizal nodules does not involve ENOD40.

Two types of root nodule symbioses are known for higher plants, legume and actinorhizal symbioses. In legume symbioses, bacterial signal factors induce the expression of ENOD40 genes. We isolated an ENOD40 promoter from an actinorhizal plant, Casuarina glauca, and compared its expression pattern in a legume (Lotus japonicus) and an actinorhizal plant (Allocasuarina verticillata) with that of an ENOD40 promoter from the legume soybean (GmENOD40-2). In the actinorhizal Allocasuarina sp. , CgENOD40-GUS and GmENOD40-2-GUS showed similar expression patterns in both vegetative and symbiotic development, and neither promoter was active during nodule induction. The nonsymbiotic expression pattern of CgENOD40-GUS in the legume genus Lotus resembled the nonsymbiotic expression patterns of legume ENOD40 genes; however, in contrast to GmENOD40-2-GUS, CgENOD40-GUS was not active during nodule induction. The fact that only legume, not actinorhizal, ENOD40 genes are induced during legume nodule induction can be linked to the phloem unloading mechanisms established in the zones of nodule induction in the roots of both types of host plants.
Does attenuated skin blood flow lower sweat rate and the critical environmental limit for heat balance during severe heat exposure?

What is the central question of this study? Does attenuated skin blood flow diminish sweating and reduce the critical environmental limit for heat balance, which indicates maximal heat loss potential, during severe heat stress? What is the main finding and its importance? Isosmotic hypovolaemia attenuated skin blood flow by ∼20% but did not result in different sweating rates, mean skin temperatures or critical environmental limits for heat balance compared with control and volume‐infusion treatments, suggesting that the lower levels of skin blood flow commonly observed in aged and diseased populations may not diminish maximal whole‐body heat dissipation.
Autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma is not dead but alive and well

In multiple myeloma (MM), the use of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) led to incremental advances in patient management in the 1990s. The clinical results for patients dramatically improved further in the 2000s with the introduction of immunomodulatory drugs and proteasome inhibitors. In the ‘modern’ era for MM treatment, transplant trials strongly support the use of upfront ASCT in the context of novel agents, and until proven otherwise, the old ASCT remains the standard of care for eligible patients. Nevertheless, some issues remain unresolved and this editorial aims to highlight the concerns to be addressed in the future.