Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La competencia de trabajo en equipo: una experiencia de implementación y evaluación en un contexto universitario.

INTRODUCCIO. Aquest article mostra una experiencia d’innovacio docent sobre la competencia transversal de treball en equip aplicada a l’assignatura de Sociologia del grau de Gestio i Administracio Publica, de la Universitat de Barcelona. METODE. El desenvolupament, la practica i l’adquisicio de la competencia transversal gira sobre tres eixos fonamentals: la realitzacio d’una investigacio en equip, la creacio d’espais de treball en equip dintre de les hores lectives de l’assignatura, i l’avaluacio de l’adquisicio de la competencia mitjancant l’elaboracio d’un diari individual dissenyat per a aquesta finalitat. RESULTATS. Els resultats mostren la idoneitat del diari individual com a eina d’autoavaluacio a traves de la reflexio del propi recorregut individual i col·lectiu respecte al que implica treballar en equip; i tambe la importancia del rol del professorat d’acompanyament i guia en l’adquisicio de la competencia en les classes practiques. DISCUSSIO. S’exposa el context d’aplicacio de la competencia de treball en equip per aconseguir els resultats d’aprenentatge esperats en el primer domini de la competencia en grups dirigits.
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol: Prospective Study of Outcome in Colorectal Surgery

Abstract Background : Fast-track programs (ERAS) have been shown to improve postoperative recovery in colorectal surgery, combining newer anesthetic and minimally invasive surgery with evidence-based adjustments to facilitate revalidation. This prospective study evaluated the outcome of an ERAS protocol implementation in a university colorectal unit. Methods : Between 2009 and 2010, 94 patients (49 males and 45 females) underwent an elective colorectal resection and were included in this protocol. All data were prospectively gathered in an electronic database. A cohort comparison was performed with 120 patients operated on in 2008 before ERAS implementation. Results : The median age was 58 years [range: 29–76 years] and the median ASA score was 2. All colorectal procedures (85 sigmoid resections, 7 right hemicolectomies and 2 low anterior resections) were performed laparoscopically, with a conversion rate of 9,5%. Complications were noted in 14 patients (14,9%); two patients (2,1%) required a laparoscopic drainage of an infected hematoma during initial hospital stay. A significant (p < 0,001) reduced median postoperative hospital stay of 4 days [range: 2–11 days] in the ERAS group, compared with 6 days [range: 3–37] in the non fast-track group was noted. Early readmission occurred in five patients (5,3%) because of anastomotic leakage (n = 2), ileus (n = 2) and a wound infection (n = 1). Conclusion : These results of length of stay, morbidity and readmission-rates have important implications for the organization of health care, waiting lists and costs. Therefore the ERAS principles should be more wide-spread implemented.
Human papillomavirus type 1 E4 proteins differing by their N-terminal ends have distinct cellular localizations when transiently expressed in vitro

Two major human papillomavirus type 1 (HPV-1) E4 proteins are found in large amounts in productively infected differentiating wart cells, a 17-kDa protein translated from an E1-E4 transcript and a processed 16-kDa protein lacking the E1 amino acids at least. The functions of the E4 proteins are still unknown. We have designed an in vitro system allowing the transient expression of three forms of HPV-1 E4 proteins: the 17-kDa E1-E4 protein, an E4 protein without the five E1 amino acids (E4-3200), and E4 protein initiated at the E4 ATG located upstream of the splice acceptor site (E4-3181). The E4-3181 protein has five additional N-terminal amino acids compared with E4-3200. The E4-3181 protein has not yet been detected in vivo but could, in principle, be translated from any transcript encoding the E2 protein. The constructs were transfected in two keratinocyte lines, one derived from a rabbit transplantable carcinoma (VX2R) and the other from a human penile carcinoma (SK-p). E4 transcripts with the expected size were detected in both cell lines by Northern (RNA) blot analysis. Surprisingly, the E4 proteins were found only in the VX2R cells by radioimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence experiments. The E1-E4 and the E4-3200 proteins were both cytoplasmic and were associated with granules reminiscent of the cytoplasmic inclusions pathognomonic of the HPV-1 infection. Moreover, each protein showed a specific staining pattern of the inclusions. In contrast, the E4-3181 protein was essentially intranuclear and perinuclear. Thus, HPV-1 E4 proteins differing in their N-terminal ends have distinct cellular localizations and arrangements. It is tempting to assume that this may relate to different roles.
Patterns of expression of trichocytic and epithelial cytokeratins in mammalian tissues. II. Concomitant and mutually exclusive synthesis of trichocytic and epithelial cytokeratins in diverse human and bovine tissues (hair follicle, nail bed and matrix, lingual papilla, thymic reticulum).

The hair-forming cells (trichocytes) and the mature hair contain four major trichocytic cytokeratins from each of the subfamilies, basic (Hb1-4) and acidic (Ha1-4); these are related - but not identical - to the epithelial cytokeratins. Here we show, by biochemical methods and immunofluorescence microscopy using antibodies specific for either epithelial or trichocyte cytokeratins, that the same set of hair-type cytokeratins, including two newly identified minor components, designated Hax (type I) and Hbx (type II), are also expressed in cells forming nails, in the filiform papillae of the dorsal surface of human and bovine tongue, and, most surprisingly, in some cells of the epithelial reticulum of bovine and human thymus. By double-label immunofluorescence microscopy, we also show that the expression of the two subsets of cytokeratins, i.e., the epithelial and the trichocytic ones, is not necessarily mutually exclusive, but that certain cells of hair follicles, nail matrix and bed, lingual papillae, and the nonlymphoid cell system of the thymus contain both trichocytic and certain epithelial cytokeratins. This indicates that these cells coexpress representatives of both kinds of cytokeratin. Implications of these findings with respect to problems of regulatory control of cytokeratin synthesis in tissue development and differentiation, and the possible functional meaning of the occurrence of trichocytic cytokeratins in such histologically diverse tissues, are discussed.
Intrinsic circuitry involving the local axon collaterals of corticothalamic projection cells in mouse SmI cortex

The objective of this study was to identify the components involved in a local synaptic circuit in the mouse cerebral cortex. The local axon collaterals of corticothalamic (CT) projection cells in the posteromedial barrel subfield area of primary somatosensory cortex were labeled by the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase injected into the ipsilateral thalamus. Thalamocortical (TC) axon terminals in the same region of cortex were labeled by lesion induced degeneration. CT axon terminals synapsed preferentially with dendritic shafts, whereas TC axon terminals synapsed mainly with dendritic spines. Some dendrites received both CT and TC synapses. Dendrites postsynaptic to CT axon terminals were reconstructed from serial thin sections; on the basis of their shapes and synaptic connections, these dendrites were interpreted to belong to nonspiny multipolar cells. These results indicate that a reciprocal synaptic relationship exists in the cortex between nonspiny multipolar cells and CT projection cells. Both CT projection cells and nonspiny multipolar neurons have been shown previously to receive TC synapses (White and Hersh: J. Neurocytol. 11:137–157, '82; White, Benshalom, and Hersch: J. Comp. Neurol 229:311–320, '84). These findings imply that a0 triadic relationship involving afferent input and populations of CT projection and intrinsic neurons is a basic feature of the synaptic organization of the cerebral cortex.
Interaction of Factors Related to Lactation Duration

Perceived social support and interpersonal dependency were studied as potential factors associated with lactation duration based upon previous breastfeeding experience. Inexperienced breastfeeding mothers perceived more social support than experienced breastfeeding mothers did. Perceived social support was not significantly correlated with lactation duration. An ancillary finding was that women providing a combination of breast milk and human milk substitutes had significantly lower social self-confidence than did mothers providing breast milk exclusively.
Social convergence of the Baltic states within the enlarged EU: Is limited social dialogue an impediment?

Much of the discussion of economic development and social dialogue in the Baltic states has concerned the convergence paradigm. Catching up with the ‘old’ European Union (EU) member states, in particular the Scandinavian countries, has been a natural target (Staehr 2015). The social dialogue, social protection and social models have been viewed from that perspective, for example, in arguing that at the lower level of income, extensive social protection and generous welfare states are not only unaffordable but may also hamper countries’ future growth performance, in a kind of ‘growth first’ paradigm (Trumm 2006). The categorisation of the Baltic states in welfare state typologies or among the varieties of capitalism has been as either a liberal model, although not following exactly any of the four European systems (cf. Masso and Paas 2007) or a ‘flexible market economy’ (Kuokštis 2011). On that basis, we should ask whether social convergence – catching up in terms of a broader set of indicators characterising a broader development – is related to income convergence, and what else in addition to income convergence is needed to achieve social convergence. Another explanation for the close association between economic and social convergence is that, under the dominance of right-wing parties in coalition governments, trade unions have linked many of their arguments with economic development instead of the social sphere (Peterson 2018). Estonian employers, however, have sometimes expressed a different view, namely, that social convergence has been put before economic convergence (Tamsar 2018). Hence the need for further study of the topic. Such widely differing views on convergence are also to be expected given that wage convergence and harmonisation of working conditions are seen as the core goals of economic union (Naz et al. 2017). The relevant question is whether the relatively undeveloped and embryonic forms of social dialogue in the Baltic states – referred to in terms of, for example, ‘illusory corporatism’ (Ost 2000), ‘fragile shell’ (Pollert 2000) or a ‘talk-show’ (Meardi 2012) – could endanger social convergence even under favourable economic conditions. As convergence is by definition a long-run phenomenon, in this chapter we rely on information and statistics from the past ten, and in many cases even 20, years. The available statistical material from various sources is complemented by interviews with representatives of the social partners in order to reveal their views on economic and social
An Analysis of Workplace Exposures to Benzene Over Four Decades at a Petrochemical Processing and Manufacturing Facility (1962–1999)

Benzene, a known carcinogen, can be generated as a by-product during the use of petroleum-based raw materials in chemical manufacturing. The aim of this study was to analyze a large data set of benzene air concentration measurements collected over nearly 40 years during routine employee exposure monitoring at a petrochemical manufacturing facility. The facility used ethane, propane, and natural gas as raw materials in the production of common commercial materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, waxes, adhesives, alcohols, and aldehydes. In total, 3607 benzene air samples were collected at the facility from 1962 to 1999. Of these, in total 2359 long-term (>1 h) personal exposure samples for benzene were collected during routine operations at the facility between 1974 and 1999. These samples were analyzed by division, department, and job title to establish employee benzene exposures in different areas of the facility over time. Sampling data were also analyzed by key events over time, including changes in the occupational exposure limits (OELs) for benzene and key equipment process changes at the facility. Although mean benzene concentrations varied according to operation, in nearly all cases measured benzene quantities were below the OEL in place at the time for benzene (10 ppm for 1974–1986 and 1 ppm for 1987–1999). Decreases in mean benzene air concentrations were also found when data were evaluated according to 7- to 10-yr periods following key equipment process changes. Further, an evaluation of mortality rates for a retrospective employee cohort (n = 3938) demonstrated that the average personal benzene exposures at this facility (0.89 ppm for the period 1974–1986 and 0.125 ppm for the period 1987–1999) did not result in increased standardized mortality ratio (SMRs) for diseases or malignancies of the lymphatic system. The robust nature of this data set provides comprehensive exposure information that may be useful for assessing human benzene exposures at similar facilities. The data also provide a basis for comparable measured exposure levels and the potential for adverse health effects. These data may also prove beneficial for comparing relative exposure potential for production versus nonproduction operations and the relationship between area and personal breathing zone samples.
Conductance recording of ionic outflow from frog skin glands during nerve stimulation.

A method for continuous recording of the ionic efflux from frog skin glands has been developed which under given experimental conditions provides a convenient index on glandular secretion. A nerve skin preparation from the calf is mounted so that the outside of the skin forms the bottom of a small test compartment with distilled water while the corium side is bathing in Ringer's solution. After determination of the adequate nerve stimulus parameters for discernible gland secretion to occur, the skin nerve was stimulated at 10 Hz during varying periods and chemical control analyses performed of the changes in ionic content of the test compartment solution. The main ionic outflow consisted of Na+ and Cl- in equal amounts, the outflow of other ions during stimulation being negligible. The concomitant conductance changes were measured as variations of absorption in a high-frequency field applied to a conductance probe placed in the test chamber. Determinations of the NaCl outflow based on the conductance changes were in good agreement with the values obtained by chemical analysis. The continuous conductance recordings proved to give approximative information of the quantities and time relations of the glandular secretion, allowing a direct comparison with, e.g., skin potential changes.
Does Social Media Get Your Attention?

Abstract The author investigates how social media affects stock prices and post–earnings announcement drift in response to companies’ quarterly earnings announcements. Using quarterly earnings data as well Twitter and StockTwits data, the author utilizes Twitter volume and a residual methodology to generate an attention proxy that is orthogonal to the growth of Twitter accounts. The author finds that the new attention brought by social media after the earnings announcements positively affects the cumulative abnormal returns. Further, even companies reporting bad news can still have positive immediate cumulative abnormal returns if they attract enough attention from investors after an earnings announcement. The new attention effects are different in both magnitudes and statistical significance between social media popular and unpopular industries.
P21, COX-2, and E-cadherin are potential prognostic factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Much research effort has been devoted to identifying prognostic factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by immunohistochemistry; however, no conclusive findings have been reached thus far. We hypothesized that certain molecules identified in previous studies might serve as useful prognostic markers for ESCC. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to validate the most relevant markers showing potential for ESCC prognosis in our prospective esophageal cancer database. A literature search was performed using the PubMed database for papers published between 1980 and 2015 using the following key words: 'esophageal cancer,' 'prognosis,' and 'immunohistochemistry. ' Literature selection criteria were established to identify the most widely studied markers, and we further validated the selected markers in a cohort from our single-surgeon team, including 153 esophageal cancer patients treated from 2000 to 2010. A total of 1799 articles were identified, 82 of which met the selection criteria. Twelve markers were found to be the most widely studied, and the validation results indicated that only P21, COX-2, and E-cadherin were independent prognostic factors for ESCC patients in this series. The systemic review and cohort validation suggest that P21, COX-2, and E-cadherin are potential prognostic factors for ESCC, paving the way for more targeted prospective validation in the future.
Gender specific effects of exports on work decisions in Indonesia

ABSTRACT This paper proposes a new household panel data approach to study the gender specific effects of exports on labor force participation and household work.We construct a novel measure, the Export Exposure index, by combining information about exports and the respondent's location. The index enables us to address a key identification issue, which is to estimate the effect of exports that is unconfounded by unobserved household characteristics and macroeconomic shocks. We construct a simple model to show that if women have a comparative disadvantage in market work relative to men, and if an increase in exports increases the gender wage gap, Labor force participation of the women would be negatively related to exports. We find that in Indonesia, exports encourage women to substitute their time away from paid labor participation towards unpaid house or family work, but have no statistically significant effect on men, as predicted by our model.
Suppressor of cytokine signalling 1 (SOCS1) is a physiological regulator of the asthma response

Background The molecular determinants of the severity and persistence of allergic asthma remain poorly understood. Suppressor of cytokine signalling 1 (SOCS1) is a negative regulator of IL‐4‐dependent pathways in vitro and might therefore control T‐helper type 2 (Th2) immunity associated traits, such as IgE levels, mucin production, IL‐5 and IL‐13 induction, and eosinophilic mucosal inflammation, which are implicated in allergic asthma.
Two-sided Nepotism and Life Expectancy: A Theory of Dynastic Management

Over the last two centuries, impressive progress in health has led to great increases in life expectancy at all ages. The impact of the "health transition" on the governance pattern of family firms has never been formally investigated. To probe how firm governance adapts to rising human life expectancy, I present an overlapping generation model, in which a firm is sequentially owned by the heirs of founding family according to birth order. The family owner chooses between designating the heirs as family managers and recruiting some unrelated professionals, and each heir chooses between working for the family owner and working for an unrelated employer. It turns out, as people live longer, the family owner and the heirs are less likely to match together, which results in the decline (rise) of dynastic (professional) management.
Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains isolated from five cities in India during 2013‐2016

Purpose. Emergence of multidrug resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, an STI of public health significance is the biggest challenge to gonorrhoea control. Monitoring for antimicrobial resistance is essential for the early detection of emergent drug resistance patterns. Methodology. One hundred and twenty four N. gonorrhoeae strains were isolated between September 2013‐August 2016 [82‐New Delhi, 3‐Pune, 3‐Mumbai, 20‐Secunderabad and 16‐Hyderabad] to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and to compare the CLSI disc diffusion method with Etest for these strains. The results of the two methods were compared by using kappa statistics. Results. Ninety eight percent [CI: 96.2‐100] of isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 52 % [CI: 43.2‐60.8] to penicillin, 56 % [CI: 47.2‐64.7] to tetracycline and 5 % [CI: 1.2‐8.8] to azithromycin. All the strains were susceptible to spectinomycin, ceftriaxone and cefixime except for two strains which showed decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone and cefixime. Kappa scores for penicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone and cefixime showed that the CLSI method had high agreement with Etest while tetracycline had substantial agreement. Conclusion. Our data suggest that the disc diffusion method which is both cost effective and more feasible, can effectively be used routinely for monitoring antibiotic susceptibility in N. gonorrhoeae, in limited resource countries like India. We demonstrate the emergence of decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone and cefixime and threshold levels of resistance to azithromycin in India. This underscores the importance of maintaining continued surveillance for antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae and a potential requirement for strategic change in guidelines in the not so distant future.
Serum Levels of Adhesion Molecules in Children and Adolescents with Immune and Non-immune Thyroid Diseases

Serum levels of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and sP-selectin were determined in patients with Graves' disease before and after 8 weeks and 24 months of methimazole therapy, in levothyroxine suppressed patients with non-toxic nodular goiter, and in a group of healthy controls, to elucidate the relationship to circulating antithyroid antibodies and possible role of soluble adhesion molecules as markers of inflammatory activity. sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and sP-selectin in patients with untreated hyperthyroidism were markedly elevated compared with controls. After 8 weeks of methimazole treatment, the concentrations of these molecules dropped, but were still significantly higher than in healthy children. In patients with clinical and biochemical remission after 24 months of therapy, sICAM-1 values were on the verge of significance, but still higher than in the control group, whereas serum levels of sVCAM-1 and sP-selectin had normalized. Slightly higher serum sICAM-1 values were observed in patients with non-toxic nodular goiter compared with healthy children.