Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cytochrome P460 Genes from the MethanotrophMethylococcus capsulatus Bath

ABSTRACT P460 cytochromes catalyze the oxidation of hydroxylamine to nitrite. They have been isolated from the ammonia-oxidizing bacteriumNitrosomonas europaea (R. H. Erickson and A. B. Hooper, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 275:231–244, 1972) and the methane-oxidizing bacterium Methylococcus capsulatus Bath (J. A. Zahn et al., J. Bacteriol. 176:5879–5887, 1994). A degenerate oligonucleotide probe was synthesized based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence of cytochrome P460 and used to identify a DNA fragment from M. capsulatus Bath that containscyp, the gene encoding cytochrome P460. cyp is part of a gene cluster that contains three open reading frames (ORFs), the first predicted to encode a 59,000-Da membrane-bound polypeptide, the second predicted to encode a 12,000-Da periplasmic protein, and the third (cyp) encoding cytochrome P460. The products of the first two ORFs have no apparent similarity to any proteins in the GenBank database. The overall sequence similarity of the P460 cytochromes from M. capsulatus Bath and N. europaea was low (24.3% of residues identical), although short regions of conserved residues are present in the two proteins. Both cytochromes have a C-terminal, c-heme binding motif (CXXCH) and a conserved lysine residue (K61) that may provide an additional covalent cross-link to the heme (D. M. Arciero and A. B. Hooper, FEBS Lett. 410:457–460, 1997). Gene probing usingcyp indicated that a cytochrome P460 similar to that fromM. capsulatus Bath may be present in the type II methanotrophs Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b andMethylocystis parvus OBBP but not in the type I methanotrophs Methylobacter marinus A45,Methylomicrobium albus BG8, and Methylomonassp. strains MN and MM2. Immunoblot analysis with antibodies against cytochrome P460 from M. capsulatus Bath indicated that the expression level of cytochrome P460 was not affected either by expression of the two different methane monooxygenases or by addition of ammonia to the culture medium.
Nuclear Argonaute 2 regulates adipose tissue‐derived stem cell survival through direct control of miR10b and selenoprotein N1 expression

Argonaute 2 (Ago2) has a leading function in miRNA‐induced RNA silencing, a conserved gene regulatory mechanism in cells and organisms. miRNAs are critical for stem cell self‐renewal, development, and other functions. Here, we report that nuclear Ago2, by binding to a specific region of functional genes, directly controls adipose tissue–derived stem cell (ATSC) survival in response to a critical dose of reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐mediated oxidative cell damage or senescence. The role of nuclear Ago2 has not been previously reported. Here, we show that human ATSCs in which Ago2 was downregulated underwent apoptosis. Silencing of Ago2 in ATSCs significantly induces upregulation of miR10b and miR23b expression. These miRNAs directly interfere with ROS‐scavenging gene expression, such as TXNL1 and GPX3. Upregulation of miR10b and miR23b is sufficient to induce ATSC cell apoptosis via p38 MAPK phosphorylation and caspase 3 activation. In addition, Ago2 overexpression or interference by miR10b and miR23b expression in ATSCs partially rescued H2O2/ROS‐mediated apoptotic cell death by upregulating the expression of TXNL2, JUNK, caspase‐3, and cytochrome C. Nuclear Ago2‐mediated miR10b and miR23b downregulation also allows cells to escape senescence, which results in telomerase reverse transcriptase, stemness overexpression, and improved self‐renewal and differentiation through Wnt5a/β‐catenin activation. Argonaute 2 expression is critical for stem cells to escape senescence by downregulating miR10b and miR23b. The Ago2‐binding gene selenoprotein N1 (SEPN1) was also effectively involved in ATSC survival and self‐renewal through ROS‐mediated p38 MAPK inactivation.
Outcome of endoscopic minor papillotomy in patients with symptomatic pancreas divisum.

CONTEXT Pancreas divisum has been associated with recurrent acute pancreatitis, chronic abdominal pain without elevated pancreatic enzymes, and chronic pancreatitis. Prior studies suggest that endoscopic minor papillotomy benefits certain symptomatic pancreas divisum patients. However, the data are quite limited and there is a lack of long-term follow-up. OBJECTIVE To describe a retrospective study of endoscopic minor papillotomy for pancreas divisum. PATIENTS Eighty-nine adult patients who underwent endoscopic minor papillotomy at our referral center were included in the study. Median follow-up was 29 months. INTERVENTION We conducted a telephone survey. Fifty-three patients were available for the telephone survey. RESULTS Thirty-two patients (60.4%) reported immediate improvement: however, symptoms recurred in 17 (53.1% of the immediate responders). Repeat endoscopic interventions were performed in 8 patients, with long-term improvement in two. Overall long-term improvement was achieved in 17 patients (32.1%). Results of minor papillotomy were more favorable for patients with recurrent, well-defined bouts of pancreatitis (immediate improvement: P=0.036; long-term improvement: P=0.064) compared to those with pancreatitis who reported continuous pain and those without clinical evidence of pancreatitis (immediate improvement: 73.3%, 42.9% and 44.4%, respectively; long-term improvement: 43.3%, 21.4%, and 11.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The long-term benefit from endoscopic minor papillotomy using strict criteria is poorer than suggested from previous studies. However, pancreas divisum patients with well-defined bouts of pancreatitis are more likely to benefit from endoscopic minor papillotomy than those without symptom-free intervals between "attacks" and those with pain that is not associated with elevated pancreatic enzymes.
Chromosome studies of cell lines and tumors derived from a single specimen of human leukemic blood by cell culture and heterotransplantation.

Lymphoblasts isolated from the peripheral blood buffy coat of a pediatric patient and maintained in continuous suspension culture (CCRF-SB) have a diploid karyotype of 46 chromosomes. Tumors initiated and transplanted in hamsters from this cell line with the help of antilymphocytic serum showed a high degree of pseudodiploidy and aneuploidy without any consistent recognizable marker chromosomes. A serially transplantable tumor isolated directly in hamsters (H-SB-2) from the same sample of the buffy coat had a distinctive extra F-group chromosome. The H-SB-2 tumor cell population was near-diploid in the earlier serial passages, but by the 46th serial passage it had evolved into a predominantly near-tetraploid cell population which retained the extra F-group chromosomes. This extra chromosome was also seen in hamster tumor cells grown in suspension cultures and in i.p. transplants of hamster tumors in rats.
Monoclonal antibody analysis of mononuclear cells in myopathies. II: Phenotypes of autoinvasive cells in polymyositis and inclusion body myositis

In 6 cases of polymyositis and 6 of inclusion body myositis, phenotypes of mononuclear cells focally surrounding and invading muscle fibers were analyzed. By localizing the T8, T4, and Ia markers with direct immunofluorescence and acid phosphatase enzyme cytochemically in the same sections, five different phenotypes were simultaneously identified in a given section: T8+ and T4+ cells that were either activated (Ia+) or not activated (Ia−), and acid phosphatase—reactive and Ia+ macrophages. This approach permitted the separate and quantitative assessment of the distributions of the different phenotypes among the invading versus the surrounding cells. In both polymyositis and inclusion body myositis, the invading cells were selectively enriched in the T8+ cells were more abundant among the surrounding than the invading cellsm and only a small proportion of the T4+ cells were activated. These findings are especially significant in view of the cytotoxic capability of the T8+ cells and because histocompatibility factors permit T8+ but not T4+ cells to recognize an antigen on muscle fibers. Macrophages accounted for 21 to 31% of the cells invading or surrounding nonnecrotic fibers. For purposes of comparison, we also analyzed mononuclear cells in necrotic fibers: 80% of these cells were macrophages, and only 20% were T cells. The findings indicate that in polymyositis and inclusion body myositis, nonnecrotic muscle fibers are injured by autoinvasive T8+ cells that act in concert with macrophages. Further, the findings strongly imply previous sensitization of clones of T cells to muscle fiber—associated surface antigen(s).
Incident Traffic Management Respone

Incident Traffic Management Response by Debroah L. Leonard, MPA MPA, Master of Public Adminstration, East Carolina University, 1991 BA, Bachelor of Arts, North Carolina State University, 1981 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Policy and Administration
Rural Trauma Team Development Course decreases time to transfer for trauma patients

BACKGROUND The Rural Trauma Team Development Course (RTTDC) is designed to teach knowledge and skills for the initial assessment and stabilization of trauma patients in resource-limited environments. The effect of RTTDC training on transfers from nontrauma centers to definitive care has not been studied. We hypothesized that RTTDC training would decrease referring hospital emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS), time to call for transfer, pretransfer computed tomography (CT) imaging rate, and mortality rate. METHODS We conducted a pre/post analysis of trauma patients who were transferred from rural, nontrauma hospitals from 2012 to 2014. Patients from six rural hospitals that participated in an RTTDC course were compared with a control group of similar centers that did not participate in the course. Primary outcome evaluated was referring hospital ED LOS, which was estimated using a difference-in-differences regression model. Secondary outcomes were time to transfer call, pretransfer CT imaging rates, and mortality. RESULTS Two hundred fifty-three patients were available for study (RTTDC group, n = 130; control group, n = 123). Demographics, CT imaging, and mortality rates were similar between the two groups. In the primary outcome, the RTTDC group experienced an overall 61-minute reduction in referring hospital LOS (p = 0.02) compared with the control group. The RTTDC group also showed a 41-minute reduction (p = 0.03) in time to call for transfer compared with controls. There were no differences in the secondary outcomes of pretransfer CT scanning rates or mortality. CONCLUSIONS Rural Trauma Team Development Course training shortens ED LOS at rural, nontrauma hospitals by more than 1 hour without increasing mortality. Future educational and research efforts should focus on decreasing unnecessary imaging prior to transfer as well as opportunities to improve mortality rates. This study suggests an important role for RTTDC training in the care of rural trauma patients and may allow trauma centers to recapture the “golden hour” for transferred trauma patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic/care management study, level III.
Theoretical strength and cleavage of diamond

The theoretical strength of diamond has been calculated for the <100>, <110>, and <111> directions using a first principles approach and is found to be strongly dependent on crystallographic direction. This elastic anisotropy, found at large strains, and particularly the pronounced minimum in cohesion in the <111> direction, is believed to be the reason for the remarkable dominance of the 111 cleavage plane when diamond is fractured. The extra energy required to cleave a crystal on planes other than 111 is discussed with reference to simple surface energy calculations and also the introduction of bond-bending terms.
Response of tactile receptors to intermittent stimulation

THE preceding paper [Adrian, Cattell and Hoagland] describes a preparation of the dorsal cutaneous nerves of the frog which enables us to record the action potentials in single nerve fibres from receptors in the skin. One of the methods of stimulation employed-an interrupted air blast-makes it possible to study the response to a rapid sequence of stimuli and the present paper deals with certain aspects of this response. To some extent the investigation is complementary to those of Bronk [1929] and of Matthews [1931 a] on the stretch receptors in muscle, for like theirs, it is chiefly concerned with the gradual failure of the response under continued stimulation, but the nature of the stimulation differs considerably from that used in previous investigations of the sensory discharge. The muscle receptors become very slowly adapted to a steady stimulus and most of the work on them deals with the response to continued stretch, its relation to the intensity of the stimulus and its gradual decline with time. The receptors in the frog's skin behave much more like an ordinary nerve fibre, they become adapted almost at once to a steady stimulus, and we are here concerned with the failure of the response to rapidly repeated stimuli. We have attempted to determine some of the factors which contribute to this failure, and it will be shown that both the stimulus and the resulting activity may be held responsible. The method of experiment is identical with that described in the preceding paper. Leads were placed on one of the dorsal cutaneous nerves of the frog cut near the skin, to record the antidromic impulses which are often produced in a single fibre by stimulation of some cutaneous area. The action potentials were amplified and then recorded with a loud speaker and a Matthews oscillograph used with a rotating mirror and camera. Stimulation of any desired frequency, duration or
Collective mind in organizations: Heedful interrelating on flight decks.

We acknowledge with deep gratitude, generous and extensive help with previous versions of this manuscript from Sue Ashford, Michael Cohen, Dan Denison, Jane Dutton, Les Gasser, Joel Kahn, Rod Kramer, Peter Manning, Dave Meader, Debra Meyerson, Walter Nord, Linda Pike, Joe Porac, Bob Quinn, Lance Sandelands, Paul Schaffner, Howard Schwartz, Kathie Sutcliffe, Bob Sutton, Diane Vaughan, Jim Walsh, Rod White, Mayer Zald, and the anonymous reviewers for Administrative Science Quarterly.
The female sexual response cycle: do Malaysian women conform to the circular model?

INTRODUCTION The concept of a sexual response cycle (SRC) for women has gained interest lately with the reintroduction of terms with new definitions and a new model for the sexual response, especially the Basson's circular model. AIM To determine the correlations among the SRC's phases (i.e., sexual desire, sexual arousal, orgasm, sexual satisfaction, and sexual pain) in Malaysian women, in order to validate the circular model of women's SRC. METHODS Principal component analysis (PCA), a factor analysis technique with varimax rotation method, was used to explore the correlation structure of items in female respondents who scored on the Malay version of Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). The number of factors or components to obtain was decided using Kaiser's criteria. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE To measure the correlation between female SRC's domain. RESULTS A total of 230 married women aged 18-70 years old participated in this study. Factor loadings using PCA with varimax rotation divided the sexual domains into three components based on Kaiser's criteria with eigenvalues of 6.11, 5.59, and 3.50, respectively. Sexual desire, sexual arousal, and lubrication were highly correlated, and therefore, they fall in one component, reflecting one construct, whereas orgasm and sexual satisfaction fall in another component. The third component was formed by the pain items. CONCLUSION The strong correlation between sexual desire/arousal/lubrication means that they were the same and may support the contemporary theory of circular model of SRC in women.
Stoic survival: the journey of parenting a premature infant in the bush.

INTRODUCTION The birth of a premature infant is a stressful and emotionally challenging time for parents. Families living in rural areas often have reduced access to the specialist services premature infants require, and different concerns from their metropolitan counterparts. Rural families may have to spend extended periods of time at a metropolitan centre while their child is in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Regular return trips to hospital may be required for follow up. Parental experience of this unexpected event and the resultant intensive health service involvement requires further examination; most studies focus on the NICU experience. This exploratory study was undertaken from the rural paediatric allied health perspective. Because there are few accounts of rural families' experiences in the literature, this hermeneutic phenomenological qualitative study focused on the rural parent's experience of having a premature infant in a rural area during the first 12 months of the child's life. METHOD Participants were selectively recruited from the case lists of paediatricians in a rural/regional hospital. Seven parents (5 mothers and 2 fathers) of premature infants consented to participate in semi-structured interviews. Interviews were of 60-90 min duration per parent, and were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were analysed thematically using a phenomenological approach. Process and reflection diaries were maintained in order to provide an audit trail. RESULTS The participant group reflected a range of experiences. Parents described being initially shocked and then gradually adjusting to being the parent of a premature child. Three major themes emerged: (1) 'Coping through optimism' when parents consistently spoke positively about even stressful and difficult aspects of their experience; (2) 'Stoic survival' where parents did not emotionally deal with their experience, often citing others' needs as having higher priority; and (3) 'Striving for normal' when parents focussed on the aspects of their child's medical care or development that was closer to that of a full term child. Parents described feeling devastated if they felt their infant regressed or was progressing too slowly, and elated whenever a new milestone was achieved. CONCLUSION Gaining insight into the experience of parents of premature infants can help health professionals ensure services more effectively meet the needs of these families. Rural families were pleased with their local services although they indicated that travelling to a metropolitan centre was extremely burdensome. While the families interviewed had access to some local specialist services, they expressed concern that if they resided in a more remote area there would be reduced access to services and greater personal strain. Further research is required to determine the experiences of Indigenous families, separated or divorced parents and families living in remote areas.
An Analysis of the US Mutual Funds Sector: What Determines Performance?

This paper analyzes the performance of equity mutual funds in the US, using monthly data for a sample of 4,431 equity mutual funds over the period 1999–2012. Our empirical findings suggest that larger funds with higher liquidity and turnover generate higher returns, while expenses and management fees have a negative impact on performance.
Comparative Genomics Analysis of a large cluster of SLC 22 transporter genes , including novel USTs , reveals species-specific amplification of subsets of family members

Wu W, Baker ME, Eraly SA, Bush KT, Nigam SK. Analysis of a large cluster of SLC22 transporter genes, including novel USTs, reveals species-specific amplification of subsets of family members. Physiol Genomics 38: 116–124, 2009. First published May 5, 2009; doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.90309. 2008. —When the organic anion transporter Oat1 was first identified as NKT (Lopez-Nieto CE, You G, Bush KT, Barros EJ, Beier DR, Nigam SK. J Biol Chem 272: 6471–6478, 1997), it was argued that it, together with Oct1, may be part of a larger subfamily (now known as SLC22) involved in organic ion and xenobiotic transport. The least studied among SLC22 transporters are the so-called unknown substrate transporters (USTs). Here, five novel genes located in a cluster on mouse chromosome 19, immediately between Slc22a8 (Oat3)/Slc22a6 (Oat1) and Slc22a19 (Oat5), were identified as homologs of human USTs. These genes display preferential expression in liver and kidney, and one gene, AB056422, has several splicing variants with differential tissue expression and embryonic expression. Along with Slc22a6, Slc22a8, and Slc22a19, these Usts define the largest known cluster of mammalian Slc22 genes. Given the established functions of Oats, these genes may also be involved in organic anion transport. Usts have characteristic motifs and share a signature residue in the possible active site of transmembrane domain 7, a conserved, positively charged, amino acid, Arg356, possibly a site for interaction with organic anions. In certain species, Oat1 and Oat3 appeared to be highly conserved, whereas the Ust part of this cluster appeared to undergo repeated species-specific amplification, suggesting strong environmental selection pressure, and perhaps providing an explanation for copy number variation in the human locus. One Ust amplification in mouse appears to be recent. This cluster may be coordinately regulated and under selective pressure in a species-specific manner.
Antigenic variation during malaria infection—the contribution from the murine parasite Plasmodium chabaudi

P. chabaudi AS strain in laboratory mice provides an accessible and useful model for investigating antigenic variation in malaria parasites. Evidence that P. chabaudi AS undergoes antigenic variation is summarized. A live indirect fluorescent test (IFAT) detects a variable antigen on the surface of schizont‐infected erythrocytes. Five different variable antigen types (VATS) (detected using the live IFAT) are described from a cloned mosquito transmitted parent population. Even during the rising primary parasitaemia VATS switch at high and variable rates (1.2–1.6%). Work towards cloning genes coding for the variable antigen is briefly summarized. Acquired immunity to blood‐stage P. chabaudi AS is initially mediated through Th1 CD4+ T cells and after the primary parasitaemia there is a switch to Th2 CD4+ T cells. Acquired immune effector mechanisms are discussed in the context of antigenic variation by the parasite.