Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Graphene-Encapsulated Nanosheet-Assembled Zinc-Nickel-Cobalt Oxide Microspheres for Enhanced Lithium Storage.

The appropriate combination of hierarchical transition-metal oxide (TMO) micro-/nanostructures constructed from porous nanobuilding blocks with graphene sheets (GNS) in a core/shell geometry is highly desirable for high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). A facile and scalable process for the fabrication of 3D hierarchical porous zinc-nickel-cobalt oxide (ZNCO) microspheres constructed from porous ultrathin nanosheets encapsulated by GNS to form a core/shell geometry is reported for improved electrochemical performance of the TMOs as an anode in LIBs. By virtue of their intriguing structural features, the produced ZNCO/GNS core/shell hybrids exhibit an outstanding reversible capacity of 1015 mA h g(-1) at 0.1 C after 50 cycles. Even at a high rate of 1 C, a stable capacity as high as 420 mA h g(-1) could be maintained after 900 cycles, which suggested their great potential as efficient electrodes for high-performance LIBs.
Release of outer membrane fragments by exponentially growing Brucella melitensis cells

Rough and smooth strains of Brucella melitensis released a membranous material that was devoid of detectable NADH oxidase and succinic dehydrogenase activity (cytoplasmic membrane markers) but that contained lipopolysaccharide, proteins, and phospholipids. This material was composed of two fractions that had similar chemical compositions but that were of different sizes which were separated by differential ultracentrifugation. Electron microscopy showed that both fractions are made of unit membrane structures. The membrane fragments were released during the exponential phase of growth, and no leakage of malic dehydrogenase activity (cytosol marker) was detected. Thus, the fragments were unlikely a result of cell lysis. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis showed that, although group 2 Brucella outer membrane proteins and lipoprotein were not detected, the proteins in the membranous material were outer membrane proteins. Gas-liquid chromatography analysis showed a similar fatty acid profile for the cell envelope and the outer membrane fragments of the smooth strain B. melitensis 16M. In contrast, the outer membrane fragments from the rough 115 strain were enriched in palmitic and stearic acids. With respect to the unfractionated cell envelope, outer membrane fragments were enriched in phosphatidylcholine, a phospholipid that is unusual in bacterial membranes.
A Simple No-Bubble Theorem for Deterministic Sequential Economies

We show a simple no-bubble theorem that applies to a wide range of deterministic sequential economies with infinitely lived agents. In particular, we show that asset bubbles never arise if there is at least one agent who can reduce his asset holdings permanently from some period onward. This is a substantial generalization of Kocherlakota's (1992, Journal of Economic Theory 57, 245-256) result on asset bubbles and short sales constraints. Our no-bubble theorem requires vitually no assumption except for the strict monotonicity of preferences.
Design of Transverse Stiffeners in Plate Girders with Corrugated Web

This study reports investigations into the effect of relative flexural stiffness of intermediate stiffeners γ on the failure zone location in the corrugated web. The study also aimed at obtaining stiffness criterion for intermediate stiffeners that depends on the magnitude of the plate geometry parameter α. To achieve the goals of the study, experimental investigations were conducted into load displacement paths of four exemplary SIN girders. They were simply supported girders, made to full scale, and composed of pre-assembled units. The phenomena occurring in the experiment were represented using the Finite Element Method. For FEM numerical analysis of girders with intermediate stiffeners, models with the web height of 1000, 1250 and 1500 mm, made from 2; 2.5 and 3 mm thick corrugated sheet metal were used. Due to the analysis of 52 girder numerical models, it was possible to propose the stiffness criterion of intermediate stiffeners. The criterion was based on the assessment of shear buckling strength of the corrugated web. Using the regression method, dimensionless coefficients of the stiffener stiffness ks dependent on the optimum stiffness γ were determined. Based on estimated coefficients of the stiffener stiffness ks, the absolute minimum stiffness of intermediate stiffeners Ismin used in corrugated web plate girders was calculated. It was demonstrated that the use of an intermediate stiffener, the stiffness of which is greater than Ismin , additionally leads to a change in the location of the site of the web shear buckling.
How to put yourself in someone else’s shoes: The role of point-of-view in the interpretation of mixed messages

Abstract Does having a communicative role other than the speaker’s make a difference to the way pragmatic meaning is construed? Standard paradigms in interpersonal pragmatics have implicitly assumed a speaker-centric perspective over the years, however modern approaches have re-considered the role of listener evaluations. In the present study, I examine whether assuming different communicative roles (speaker, listener, observer) results in varying interpretations. A web-based experiment revealed that participants who took the perspective of different characters in short stories differed in the way they interpreted what the speaker meant. In most cases, participants in the role of the listener interpreted speaker meaning in more negative ways than participants in the other roles. The present study suggests that the directionality of the difference (negative inferences under the listener’s perspective) could be explained by taking into account affective factors.
Parasympathetic airway response and heart rate variability before and at the end of methacholine challenge.

BACKGROUND The autonomic nervous system plays a primary role in regulating airway caliber, and its dysfunction is likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of airways diseases. Moreover, some findings support the hypothesis that autonomic dysfunction and/or dysregulation contributes to the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Heart rate variability (HRV) spectral analysis allows identifying noninvasively perturbations of the autonomic system. PURPOSES We tested the relationship between AHR and cardiac parasympathetic tone assessed by HRV spectral analysis in patients submitted to a diagnostic methacholine bronchial challenge (MBC). METHODS Fifteen women and 38 men (age range, 18 to 56 years) participated in the study. The principal indications for MBC were suspected asthma, chronic cough, unexplained exercise-induced dyspnea, or cough. The R-R intervals were continuously recorded during the MBC. Autoregressive method was performed on two series of 256 R-R intervals extracted before and after the MBC to obtain low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) components. RESULTS The MBC distinguished 29 subjects without airway responsiveness (R-) and 24 responder or hyperresponsive subjects (R+): mean provocative dose of methacholine causing a 20% reduction in mean (+/- SD) FEV1 of 467 +/- 351 microg (range, 70 to 1,426 microg). The HF component expressed in normalized units (n.u.) [the index of parasympathetic modulation] was significantly higher in R+ than in R- at baseline, before MBC (21 +/- 21 n.u. vs 11 +/- 9 n.u., p < 0.05). Interestingly, R+ showed a significant increase of HF component after MBC (243 +/- 30 to 567 +/- 620 ms2 and 21 +/- 21 to 34 +/- 30 n.u., p < 0.01). For all subjects, HF (n.u.) calculated at baseline and after MBC were significantly influenced by the bronchial responsiveness (r2 = -0.28 and -0.51, respectively; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In summary, we found that R+ had a significantly higher parasympathetic tone than R- at baseline, and that R+ showed a significant increase in cardiac reactivity after bronchial challenge. These findings demonstrate that the autonomic nervous system, which contributes to the pathogenesis of AHR, is closely linked to cardiac modulation.
MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE MENISCOFEMORAL LIGAMENTS

Address for Correspondence: Dr. Geetha Rani B.G, Senior tutor, Department of Anatomy, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru – 560066, Karnataka, India. E-Mail: lalithgeetha246@gmail.com Background: A thorough understanding on the support or restraint system of knee joint is of significant importance considering the stress and strain imparted to it as man adopted the erect posture and performed various movements during evolution. The main support of knee joint is formed by collateral and cruciate ligaments. Secondary supports are formed by meniscofemoral, transverse meniscal and coronary ligaments. This study is endeavoured to understand the meniscofemoral ligaments and their attachments in cadavers belonging to south Indian population. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Vydehi institute of medical sciences, Bengaluru. Knee joints were studied in 40 human adult cadavers aged above 50 years. Menisco femoral ligaments and cruciate ligaments were dissected and exposed. All their attachments, length and mid width measurements were noted. Results: Anterior menisco femoral ligament alone was seen in 12.5 % of knee joints, posterior menisco femoral ligament alone was seen in 30 % of knee joints and both ligaments were present in 37.5%. Both ligaments were absent in 20% of knee joints. Average length of posterior menisco femoral ligament was 2.02 centimetres and its mid width was 0.95 centimetres. Average length of anterior menisco femoral ligament was 2.79 centimetres and its width was 1.27 centimetres. Posterior menisco femoral ligament was more prevalent and larger than anterior menisco femoral ligament in aged cadavers. Conclusions: This study shows the predominance of posterior meniscofemoral ligaments in its incidence and morphometrics compared to anterior meniscofemoral ligaments. Meniscofemoral ligaments degenerate with age and among them anterior meniscofemoral ligaments degenerate earlier than posterior meniscofemoral ligaments.
Barriers to Psychosocial Services Among Homeless Women Veterans

Veterans make up a disproportionate fraction of the nation's homeless population, with women veterans up to 4 times more likely to be homeless than nonveteran women. This article provides a grounded description of barriers to psychosocial services among homeless women veterans. Three focus groups were held in Los Angeles, California, with a total of 29 homeless women veterans. These women described 3 primary, proximal (current) barriers: lack of information about services, limited access to services, and lack of coordination across services. Compared to nonveteran homeless women, women veterans potentially face additional challenges of trauma exposure during military service, postmilitary readjustment issues, and few services specific to women veterans. Understanding their service needs and experiences is critical to the development of relevant and appropriate services that move homeless women veterans away from vulnerability and into safety.
Nonmedical Use of Prescription ADHD Stimulant Medications Among Adults in a Substance Abuse Treatment Population

Objective: To examine nonmedical use (NMU) of prescription ADHD stimulants among adults evaluated for substance abuse treatment. Method: 147,816 assessments from the National Addictions Vigilance Intervention and Prevention Program (NAVIPPRO) system (10/01/2009 through 03/31/2012) examined NMU prevalence, routes of administration (ROA), and diversion sources. Results: Past 30-day NMU for prescription stimulants (1.29%) was significantly lower than that of prescription opioids (19.79%) or sedatives (10.62%). For stimulant products, NMU for Adderall was 0.62, followed by Adderall XR (0.42), Ritalin (0.16), Vyvanse (0.12), and Concerta (0.08); product differences likely have limited clinical relevance given the low estimates (<1%). Higher NMU per prescriptions was for Adderall (4.92), Ritalin (4.68), and Adderall XR (3.18) compared with newer formulations (Vyvanse 1.26, Concerta 0.89). Diversion source was mainly family/friends with no differences between products; swallowing whole was the most frequent ROA. Conclusion: Prescription stimulant NMU was low compared with other prescription medications among individuals assessed for substance abuse problems, with little difference among specific products.
Measuring Comonotonicity in M-Dimensional Vectors

Abstract In this contribution, a new measure of comonotonicity for m-dimensional vectors is introduced, with values between zero, representing the independent situation, and one, reflecting a completely comonotonic situation. The main characteristics of this coefficient are examined, and the relations with common dependence measures are analysed. A sample-based version of the comonotonicity coefficient is also derived. Special attention is paid to the explanation of the accuracy of the convex order bound method of Goovaerts, Dhaene et al. in the case of cash flows with Gaussian discounting processes.
Training-sequence-based determination of optimum sampling time in unequalized TDMA mobile radio systems

In time-dispersive mobile radio channels, determination of the proper sampling instants of the receiver is one of the most difficult problems. A promising way is to oversample the received signal while a training sequence is transmitted, and to use this information to extract the optimum sampling instant; this approach has been termed "adaptive sampling. " We analyze the influence of various metrics for the evaluation of the training sequence and find that even very simple implementations can achieve near-optimum performance. The non-idealities of the training sequence used in the (DECT) system have no significant impact on the performance if proper evaluation methods are used.
Prospects for engineering neurons from local neocortical cell populations as cell‐mediated therapy for neurological disorders

There is little cell replacement following neurological injury, limiting the regenerative response of the CNS. Progress in understanding the biology of neural stem cells has raised interest in using stem cells for replacing neurons lost to injury or to disease. Stem cell therapy may also have a role in rebuilding deficient neural circuitry underlying mood disorders, epilepsy, and pain modulation among other roles. In vitro expansion of stem cells with directed differentiation prior to transplantation is one approach to stem cell therapy. Emerging evidence suggests that it may be possible to convert in vivo endogenous neural cells to a neuronal fate directly, providing an alternative strategy for stem cell therapy to the CNS. This review assesses the evidence for engineering a subtype‐specific neuronal fate of endogenous neural cells in the cerebral cortex as a function of initial cell lineage, reactive response to injury, conversion factors, and environmental context. We conclude with a discussion of some of the challenges that must be overcome to move this alternative in vivo engineered conversion process toward becoming a viable therapeutic option. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:2857–2876, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gap between contact and content in maternal and newborn care: An analysis of data from 20 countries in sub–Saharan Africa

Background Over the last decade, coverage of maternal and newborn health indicators used for global monitoring and reporting have increased substantially but reductions in maternal and neonatal mortality have remained slow. This has led to an increased recognition and concern that these standard globally agreed upon measures of antenatal care (ANC), skilled birth attendance (SBA) and postnatal care (PNC) only capture the level of contacts with the health system and provide little indication of actual content of services received by mothers and their newborns. Over this period, large household surveys have captured measures of maternal and newborn care mainly through questions assessing contacts during the antenatal, delivery and postnatal periods along with some measures of content of care. This study aims to describe the gap between contact and content –as a proxy for quality– of maternal and newborn health services by assessing level of co–coverage of ANC and PNC interventions. Methods We used Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data from 20 countries between 2010 and 2015. We analysed the proportion of women with at least 1 and 4+ antenatal care visit, who received 8 interventions. We also assessed the percentage of newborns delivered with a skilled birth attendant who received 7 interventions. We ran random effect logistic regression to assess factors associated with receiving all interventions during the antenatal and postnatal period. Results While on average 51% of women in the analysis received four ANC visits with at least one visit from a skilled health provider, only 5% of them received all 8 ANC interventions. Similarly, during the postnatal period though two–thirds (65%) of births were attended by a skilled birth attendant, only 3% of newborns received all 7 PNC interventions. The odds of receiving all ANC and PNC interventions were higher for women with higher education and higher wealth status. Conclusion The gap between coverage and content as a proxy of quality of antenatal and postnatal care is excessively large in all countries. In order to accelerate maternal and newborn survival and achieve Sustainable Development Goals, increased efforts are needed to improve both the coverage and quality of maternal and newborn health interventions.
IL-37 Inhibition of Cervical Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Infiltration

Interleukin-37 (IL-37) is member 7 of the IL-1 family and inhibits pro-inflammatory factor activities. Cervical carcinoma is a malignant tumor associated with inflammation. The roles of IL-37 in the occurrence and progression of cervical cancer have not been elucidated. This study investigated the roles of IL-37 in the proliferation, survival, invasion, and migration of cervical cancer cells.
Frailty and hip osteoarthritis in men in the MrOS cohort.

BACKGROUND Frailty has been associated in previous studies with increased mortality and morbidity, but little has been published on its association with arthritis. This study examined the association of hip osteoarthritis to frailty status in a longitudinal observational cohort of older men in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study. METHODS Participants (N = 4,130) were men aged 65 years and older with complete frailty status and hip radiographs. We defined frailty as three or more of the following components: unintentional weight loss, weakness, self-reported exhaustion, low activity level, and slow walking speed. Men with intermediate stage status met one or two criteria while robust men had none. We defined radiographic hip osteoarthritis (RHOA) as a modified Croft score greater than or equal to 2 on hip radiograph. The relation of RHOA or total hip replacement (THR) to frailty status was examined in cross-sectional and incident analyses using logistic regression. RESULTS Prevalence of robust, intermediate, and frail status was 50%, 42%, and 8%, respectively. RHOA or THR was associated with increased odds of being frail or intermediate compared with robust (adjusted odds ratio = 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18, 1.78). Men with RHOA or THR were 1.27 times more likely to have incident frail or intermediate status compared with robust (95% CI: 1.19, 1.38). CONCLUSIONS RHOA and THR are associated with greater frailty status in older men, suggesting that interventions to reduce frailty should be evaluated in older men with either RHOA or THR.
Words, Deeds and Outcomes: A Survey on the Growth Effects of Exchange Rate Regimes

Recent studies on the growth effects of exchange rate regimes offer a wide range of different, sometimes contradictory results. In this paper, we systematically compare three prominent contributions in this field. Using a common data set, a common specification and common estimation methods, we argue that the contradictory findings can be explained by the fact that these studies use regime classifications which reflect fundamentally different aspects of exchange rate policy. Copyright © 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Using cohort studies to estimate mortality among injecting drug users that is not attributable to AIDS

Background: Injecting drug use (IDU) and associated mortality appear to be increasing in many parts of the world. IDU is an important factor in HIV transmission. In estimating AIDS mortality attributable to IDU, it is important to take account of premature mortality rates from other causes to ensure that AIDS related mortality among injecting drug users (IDUs) is not overestimated. The current review provides estimates of the excess non-AIDS mortality among IDUs. Method: Searches were conducted with Medline, PsycINFO, and the Web of Science. The authors also searched reference lists of identified papers and an earlier literature review by English et al (1995). Crude mortality rates (CMRs) were derived from data on the number of deaths, period of follow up, and number of participants. In estimating the all-cause mortality, two rates were calculated: one that included all cohort studies identified in the search, and one that only included studies that reported on AIDS deaths in their cohort. This provided lower and upper mortality rates, respectively. Results: The current paper derived weighted mortality rates based upon cohort studies that included 179 885 participants, 1 219 422 person-years of observation, and 16 593 deaths. The weighted crude AIDS mortality rate from studies that reported AIDS deaths was approximately 0.78% per annum. The median estimated non-AIDS mortality rate was 1.08% per annum. Conclusions: Illicit drug users have a greatly increased risk of premature death and mortality due to AIDS forms a significant part of that increased risk; it is, however, only part of that risk. Future work needs to examine mortality rates among IDUs in developing countries, and collect data on the relation between HIV and increased mortality due to all causes among this group.
Ballots and billions: Clive Palmer's personal party

ABSTRACT Founded and led by the billionaire businessman, Clive Palmer, the Palmer United Party (PUP) achieved what was arguably the best debut result of recent decades at the 2013 Australian federal election. This article examines PUP's ideology, organisation and campaigning strategies along with the implications of its experiences to date for Australian party politics. Based on an analysis of original party documents, policies, media communications and semi-structured interviews with PUP candidates and key figures across Australia, we find evidence of a party which is utterly dominated by its leader, which was deliberately never built to last, whose ideology cannot be easily classified and whose campaigning was well-funded but extremely disorganised. We conclude that its experience shows how more professionalised new personal parties in Australia should be able to do even better electorally in the future.