Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical evolution of patients hospitalized due to the first episode of acute coronary syndrome.

AIM to assess the clinical evolution of patients hospitalized due to the first episode of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) according to its clinical manifestation. METHODS data were collected from 234 patients, hospitalized between May 2006 and July 2009 due to the first episode of an ACS, by consulting their medical records. RESULTS 234 patients were hospitalized, 140 (59.8%) due to Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI). In the group with AMI, 19.3% presented complications, against 12.8% in the group with Unstable Angina (UA) (p=0.19). Angioplasty levels were higher among patients with AMI than with UA (p=0.02) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery was more frequent among UA patients (p=0.03). The majority (227; 97%) survived after the coronary event. Among the seven patients who died during the hospitalization, four had AMI (2.9%) and three UA (3.2%). CONCLUSIONS A larger number of complications were found among infarction victims and the accomplishment of coronary artery bypass graft surgery differed between the groups.
The relationship between clinical activity and depression in rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To determine the extent to which clinical variables and changes in clinical variables explain depression and depression changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS 713 patients with RA attending an outpatient rheumatology clinic were studied at their 2 most recent clinic visits as part of their ordinary rheumatic disease care. Six demographic variables and 7 clinical variables were assessed including the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale depression score, Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire Functional Disability Index (HAQ-DI), visual analog scale (VAS) pain scales, joint count, grip strength, am stiffness, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Change scores representing the difference between the scores at the last and the next to last visit were calculated for all clinical variables. RESULTS About 20% of the variance in depression change scores was explained by changes in clinical variables. The amount of variance explained appeared to be inversely related to the time between visits. Thirty-four percent of the variance in current levels of depression scores was explained by current clinical and demographic variables. The most important predictors of depression score and depression change were VAS Pain and HAQ-DI. At the last clinic visit between 11 and 16% of the depression score was explained by changes in depression scores since the previous clinic visit. CONCLUSION Clinical changes explain 20% of depressive changes between visits, while 34% of current depression scores are explained by current clinical status. Changes in pain and HAQ-DI predict changes in depression.
Psicología de la lectura y el procesamiento léxico visual: Una revisión de técnicas experimentales y de procedimientos de análisis

Este trabajo ofrece una revision critica de las tecnicas mas frecuentemente empleadas en la investigacion psicolinguistica, asi como de los procedimientos de seleccion de materiales y analisis de datos en esta area de conocimiento. En la seccion correspondiente a las tecnicas, el enfasis se pone en los procedimientos para estudiar el reconocimiento visual de palabras y en los procesos subyacentes a los mismos (ya sean comunes a la lectura o especificos de la tarea experimental). En la segunda parte del trabajo, el interes pasa -tras un analisis de la logica del contraste de hipotesis- a los procedimientos de analisis de la variable dependiente de mayor interes en psicologia del lenguaje, el tiempo de reaccion. Finalmente, se estudia el papel de la seleccion del material estimular en el reconocimiento de palabras.
Complicated inferior vena cava filter retrievals: associated factors identified at preretrieval CT.

PURPOSE To examine filter characteristics at preretrieval computed tomography (CT) that are associated with complicated inferior vena cava (IVC) filter retrieval procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was HIPAA compliant, and informed consent was waived. Institutional review board-approved retrospective review of IVC filter retrievals between January 2002 and July 2011 was performed to identify patients with preretrieval CT in whom a complicated retrieval was performed, as defined by use of nonstandard techniques, filter fracture, filter tip incorporation into the IVC wall, and retrieval failure. Age- and sex-matched control subjects with standard IVC filter retrieval were used for comparison. Preretrieval CT images were evaluated for tilt angle in mediolateral and anteroposterior directions, CT appearance of tip embedding, degree of filter strut perforation, and distance of filter tip from the nearest renal vein. Dwell time was also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Fisher exact test, Student t test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test, depending on the variables being evaluated, as well as multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Forty-eight patients with complicated retrievals and 48 control subjects with uncomplicated retrievals were evaluable for preretrieval CT characteristics. Mediolateral and anteroposterior tilt angle, degree of perforation, and dwell time were higher for the complicated versus non-complicated retrieval group (P < .01). Odds of complicated retrieval were increased 129-fold with CT appearance of tip embedding (P < .0001), with an odds ratio of 33 with a tilt angle of more than 15° in any direction (P < .0001), while perforation and dwell time increased risk of a complicated retrieval by 10.7 (P < .0001) and 2.3 (P < .05) times, respectively. Distance from renal veins was noncontributory. CONCLUSION CT appearance of tip embedding, increased tilt angle, higher-grade perforation, and longer dwell times are associated with complicated IVC filter retrieval. Therefore, preretrieval CT may be warranted in select patients for identification of these characteristics to tailor retrieval approach or to arrange a referral to a tertiary center if necessary.
Indirect Organogenesis of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L. Minor)

Using four Polish Vicia faba L. minor cultivars (Bronto, Dino, Tibo, Nadwiślanski) we obtained callus from epicotyl fragments collected from 7- and 14-day-old seedlings and from cotyledonary nodes of immature seeds. Callus induction efficiency varied from 81% to 97% depending on the origin of the explant. Shoots regenerated only from the cotyledonary nodes of all tested cultivars. On average, 50% of the explants grown on MS medium containing 1.0 mg dm -3 NAA, 0.5 mg dm -3 BAP, 0.25 mg dm -3 GA3, 1.0 g dm -3 casein hydrolysate, 750 mg dm -3 inositol, 3% sucrose and 0.4% agar were able to regenerate shoots. The number of calluses regenerating shoots was highest from explants collected from fruiting nodes 6 to 9. Decapitation of donor plants increased the percentage of calluses regenerating shoots. On half-strength MS medium with 2 mg dm -3 NAA and on 1/2 MS alone, 11% of the shoots rooted; on 1/2 MS with 1 g dm -3 AC, 8.0% rooted. The regenerants were transferred to Perlite with Hoagland medium and acclimated. Ten percent of the regenerated plants survived the acclimation process, flowered and produced seeds.
From the surface to the seafloor: How giant larvaceans transport microplastics into the deep sea

Larvaceans can filter microplastics from the water and package them into their fecal pellets, transporting them into the deep sea. Plastic waste is a pervasive feature of marine environments, yet little is empirically known about the biological and physical processes that transport plastics through marine ecosystems. To address this need, we conducted in situ feeding studies of microplastic particles (10 to 600 μm in diameter) with the giant larvacean Bathochordaeus stygius. Larvaceans are abundant components of global zooplankton assemblages, regularly build mucus “houses” to filter particulate matter from the surrounding water, and later abandon these structures when clogged. By conducting in situ feeding experiments with remotely operated vehicles, we show that giant larvaceans are able to filter a range of microplastic particles from the water column, ingest, and then package microplastics into their fecal pellets. Microplastics also readily affix to their houses, which have been shown to sink quickly to the seafloor and deliver pulses of carbon to benthic ecosystems. Thus, giant larvaceans can contribute to the vertical flux of microplastics through the rapid sinking of fecal pellets and discarded houses. Larvaceans, and potentially other abundant pelagic filter feeders, may thus comprise a novel biological transport mechanism delivering microplastics from surface waters, through the water column, and to the seafloor. Our findings necessitate the development of tools and sampling methodologies to quantify concentrations and identify environmental microplastics throughout the water column.
Unauthorized Immigration to the United States: Annual Estimates and Components of Change, by State, 1990 to 2010 1

We describe a method for producing annual estimates of the unauthorized immigrant population in the United Sates and components of population change, for each state and DC, for 1990–2010. We quantify a sharp drop in the number of unauthorized immigrants arriving since 2000, and we demonstrate the role of departures from the population (emigration, adjustment to legal status, removal by the Department of Homeland Security [DHS], and deaths) in reducing population growth from one million in 2000 to population losses in 2008 and 2009. The number arriving in the U.S. peaked at more than one million in 1999–2001 and then declined rapidly through 2009. We provide evidence that population growth stopped after 2007 primarily because entries declined and not because emigration increased during the economic crisis. Our estimates of the total unauthorized immigrant population in the U.S. and in the top ten states are comparable to those produced by DHS and the Pew Hispanic Center. However, our data and methods produce estimates with smaller ranges of sampling error.
Sources of Social Capital for Malawi People Living With HIV

With one of the highest rates of poverty and HIV in the world, Malawi faith-based organizations (FBOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and community-based organizations (CBOs) are expected to provide tangible and emotional support to people living with HIV (PLWH). Using Lin’s social capital theoretical approach, we examine the perspective of PLWH regarding the adequacy of support responses. Forty-six rural Malawi HIV+ adults provided interviews that were recorded digitally, translated, and transcribed by Malawi research assistants. Atlas.ti was used to organize the data and to aid in the analytic process. Participants expressed disappointment in the lack of resources that could be accessed through the FBOs although their expectations may have been unrealistic. Outcomes from accessing and mobilizing the FBO network were negative in terms of stigmatization by FBO leaders and members, whereas outcomes related to CBOs and NGOs were generally positive in terms of empowerment through HIV information and attendance at support groups.
Triggering of acute coronary occlusion by episodes of anger

Aims: The aim of this study was to report the association between episodes of anger and acute myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with angiographically confirmed coronary occlusion. Methods and results: 313 participants with acute coronary occlusion (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction 0 or 1 at emergency angiography) reported frequency of anger episodes in the 48 h prior to MI. In primary analysis, anger exposures within 2 h and 2–4 h prior to symptom onset were compared with subjects’ own usual yearly exposure to anger using case-crossover methodology. Anger level ≥5 (on an anger scale of 1–7) was reported by seven (2.2%) participants within 2 h of MI. Compared with usual frequency, the relative risk of onset of MI symptoms occurring within 2 h of anger level ≥5 (defined as very angry) was 8.5 (95% confidence interval 4.1–17.6). Anger level <5 was not associated with onset of MI symptoms. Compared with 24–26 h pre MI, anxiety scores >75th percentile on State–Trait Personality Inventory were associated with a relative risk of 2.0 (95% confidence interval 1.1–3.8) and in those above the 90th percentile, the relative risk of MI symptom onset was 9.5 (95% confidence interval 2.2–40.8). Conclusion: Findings confirm that episodes of intense anger, defined as being ‘very angry, body tense, clenching fists or teeth’ (within 2 h) are associated with increased relative risk for acute coronary occlusion. Additionally, increased anxiety was associated with coronary occlusion. Further study, including the role of potential modifiers, may provide insight into prevention of MI during acute emotional episodes.
Are good leaders moral leaders? The relationship between effective military operational leadership and morals

This thesis presents selected works investigating the relation between leadership and morals. Given the multitude of moral challenges and the grave consequences of moral transgressions in military operations, we have chosen a military context to frame our research. Transformational leadership and the full range of leadership model (FRLM) are key constructs in this investigation, as this leadership concept has been shown to be related to operational effectiveness in military as well as other organizational contexts. However, the relationship between such leadership and morals has been questioned in leadership literature. The first study investigated whether officers’ self-importance of moral identity and their activation of moral justice schemas were related to effective leadership. The second study investigated whether sleep deprivation, which is a condition of high prevalence in military operations, affected leaders’ activation of moral justice schemas, and, consequently, their ability to make sound moral judgments. Lastly, the third study investigated the relationship between effective leadership and moral justice behavior in a situation of high moral intensity and temptation. The studies included samples from 72 to 168 officer cadets from the Norwegian Naval and Military Academies. The results from our first study showed that the ability to activate mature moral justice schemas (measured by the DIT-2 test) as well as selfimportance of moral identity (measured by the SIMI-scale) is positively associated with transformational and transactional leadership (measured by the MLQ-5X), while a negative relation was found for passive-avoidant leadership. On the one hand, these results replicate previous findings that there is a positive relationship between activation of justice schemas
Engineering the iron‐oxidizing chemolithoautotroph Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans for biochemical production

There is growing interest in developing non‐photosynthetic routes for the conversion of CO2 to fuels and chemicals. One underexplored approach is the transfer of energy to the metabolism of genetically modified chemolithoautotrophic bacteria. Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is an obligate chemolithoautotroph that derives its metabolic energy from the oxidation of iron or sulfur at low pH. Two heterologous biosynthetic pathways have been expressed in A. ferrooxidans to produce either isobutyric acid or heptadecane from CO2 and the oxidation of Fe2+. A sevenfold improvement in productivity of isobutyric acid was obtained through improved media formulations in batch cultures. Steady‐state efficiencies were lower in continuous cultures, likely due to ferric inhibition. If coupled to solar panels, the photon‐to‐fuel efficiency of this proof‐of‐principle process approaches estimates for agriculture‐derived biofuels. These efforts lay the foundation for the utilization of this organism in the exploitation of electrical energy for biochemical synthesis. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 189–197. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predictors of adverse neurological outcome following cardiac surgery.

INTRODUCTION Stroke is a debilitating complication of cardiac surgery. Many intraoperative and postoperative factors predict the likelihood of post-cardiac surgery stroke. We evaluated preoperative parameters, seeking correlations with adverse neurological outcome following cardiac surgery. We investigated the possibility of preoperative carotid ultrasonography to select patients for carotid endarterectomy pre- or intraoperatively. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 61 patients who suffered stroke post-cardiac surgery from 2003 to 2006. Data was collected for patient and disease characteristics, preoperative status, intraoperative events and postoperative course. Postoperative neurological complications were subdivided into three groups: mild/temporary events, moderate events such as seizures, and severe events such as stroke. A mild/temporary event was defined as a focal neurological deficit of less than 24 hours in duration. RESULTS A total of 2,226 cardiac cases were retrospectively evaluated. The frequency of stroke was 61 patients (2.7 percent). The mean age of these patients was 63.7 +/- 7.4 years, and 40 (65.6 percent) were males. Logistic EuroSCORE, left ventricular ejection fraction (as determined by two-dimensional echocardiogram) and aortic cross-clamp time were significantly correlated with postoperative neurological complications, with a p-value of less than 0.05 for all subgroups. There was a significant correlation between the presence of preoperative carotid disease (as proven by pre- and postoperative carotid ultrasonography) and postoperative neurological events (p-value equals 0.033). However, atrial fibrillation did not correlate with postoperative stroke. CONCLUSION The stage of cardiac disease (risk factor level, ejection fraction and presence of carotid stenosis) correlates with stroke and may predict an adverse neurological outcome.
Multilevel DC-AC converters for renewable power generation plants: Comparison, simulation, and experimental tests

Hybrid generation plants are attractive only if they work with a high reliability, low assembling and maintenance costs, and very low environmental pollution. Actually, this is possible only if a proper power interface between the sources and the load is used. Main task of this work is to identify DC/AC multilevel inverter topologies, which can properly operate in hybrid production plants. Actually, several multilevel converter circuits have been studied in literature, but only a few of them have been experimentally tested. This paper shows an analysis of different multilevel inverter topologies along with their control techniques. The identification of the more suitable solutions for a given hybrid plant configuration has been made through computer simulations and the most promising circuit has been designed for experimental tests. The converter electrical parameters such as efficiency, output voltage THD and energy losses have been checked by means of accurate computer simulations.
Aristotle's Physics : a collection of essays

Robert Bolton: Aristotle's Method in Natural Science - "Physics I" Bolton Julius M. Moravcsik: What makes reality intelligible? Reflections on Aristotle's Theory of "Aitia" Cynthia A.Freeland: Accidental causes and real explanations Lindsay Judson: Chance and "Always or for the most part" in Aristotle David Charles: Teleological causation in the "Physics" William Charlton: Aristotle's potential infinites Michael Inwood: Aristotle on the reality of time David Bostock: Aristotle on continuity in "Physics VI" Edward Hussey: Aristotle's mathematical physics: a reconstruction Mary Louise Gill: Aristotle on self-motion.
Effects of adenosine and acadesine on interstitial nucleosides and myocardial stunning in the pig.

5-Amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside (AICAr) or acadesine has been proposed to exert cardioprotection by enhancing adenosine production in ischemic myocardium. However, there are conflicting reports on acadesine's effects in ischemic myocardium and few studies in which myocardial adenosine levels have been measured. The purpose of this study was to determine whether acadesine increases interstitial fluid adenosine levels and attenuates myocardial stunning or potentiates the effects of adenosine in the intact pig. In pentobarbital-anesthetized pigs, myocardial stunning was induced by 10 min left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion and 90 min reperfusion. Regional ventricular function was assessed by measuring systolic wall thickening, and interstitial nucleosides were estimated by cardiac microdialysis. Control hearts were compared with hearts treated with acadesine, adenosine, and adenosine plus acadesine. Adenosine pretreatment (100 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1), intracoronary) immediately prior to ischemia increased interstitial adenosine levels 9-fold and improved postischemic functional recovery from a control value of 17.6 +/- 4.1% to 43.6 +/- 3.4% of preischemic systolic wall thickening. In contrast, acadesine (20 mg/kg i.v. bolus 10 min prior to ischemia + 0.5 mg x kg (-1) x min(-1), i.v. infusion through 60 min reperfusion) had no effect on interstitial fluid adenosine levels or the recovery of regional function (21.5 +/- 5.9% recovery), nor were the functional effects of adenosine potentiated by acadesine. These findings indicate that acadesine does not enhance myocardial adenosine levels, attenuate myocardial stunning, or potentiate the cardioprotective effects of adenosine in the pig.
A new model for general connectivity and its application to placement

A new model for general connectivity is defined and its application to placement is presented in this paper. The new model is based on better understanding and analysis of connection graphs. Its computation time in the worst case is O(N/sup k+2/), where N is the number of cells in a connection graph and k is the order of general connectivity. 41 placements for three circuits were carried out with our new model and the results are compared with those from the conductance model proposed by an earlier paper. Our new model is better than the conductance model because ours characterizes the connection graph more accurately, is faster to compute, and produces better results. The best performance improvements for the three circuits are 35.4% (HK5601), 37.8%(HK5852), and 19.2%(HK5851).
PROTECTION AGAINST AN ESCHERICHIA COLI-INDUCED SEPSIS BY ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN MICE

Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is a phosphate transferase present in bacteria and eukaryotes. In previous studies, we have shown that AP is able to dephosphorylate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at physiological pH levels. Because LPS is the causative agent of gram-negative sepsis, we hypothesize that AP might be used as a medication during early stages of LPS-induced septic shock. We have demonstrated protective effects of AP when this enzyme was administered simultaneously with LPS. However, a major question of anti-LPS therapies is whether they are also effective after systemic infiltration of whole bacteria and if they also act in later stages of the disease. To test this, we explored the protective effects of AP from human placenta (plAP) in a bacterial challenge model in Balb/c mice. AP was intravenously administered 20 min after a bacterial intraperitoneal inoculation of 2 to 5 × 107 CFU of Escherichia coli suspended in a 100-μL volume of saline. It was shown that AP attenuated the systemic host response upon E. coli. Body temperature was normalized as compared with untreated septic mice. Also, serum nitric oxide levels 24 h after the injection of bacteria were reduced almost to control levels in mice that received AP. Moreover, survival after 24 h was significantly higher in the AP-treated group compared with the nontreated control group.