Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nurses' perceptions of their preparation for beginning professional practice: an evaluative study

It is now twenty years since the Federal Government mandated the transfer of nurse education to the tertiary sector. The conflict surrounding the issue of educational preparation for entry to professional nursing practice remains, supported by the oft-repeated comment that 'graduates should hit the ground running'. Student nurses/graduates are key stakeholders in nursing education and their perceptions are a valuable source of information as they experience the Bachelor of Nursing Program. To contribute to the body of knowledge, this evaluative study focused on the perceptions of students/graduates in relation to their preparation for beginning professional practice. Illuminative evaluation, supported by a qualitative interpretive approach, constructivist learning theory and a quantitative approach, was used to help understand and describe how students/graduates constructed ideas about their preparation for beginning professional practice. Data were collected from the participants in two stages, before and after the completion of the Bachelor of Nursing program, using questionnaires, open-ended questions, documentary information, reflective writings and semi-structured interviews. The participants for both Stages were drawn from the same student cohort. Following thematic analysis of the data it emerged that ninety-nine percent of the participants believed they were adequately prepared for beginning professional practice at an advanced beginner level. The study highlights that context is an important factor in relation to learning and that the theory/practice gap is a natural phenomenon in the learning process. Students experience difficulty in transferring knowledge and skills from one context to another. Also, a real tension exists between preparing a well educated nurse and preparing a practitioner who, on graduation, will not be fully prepared to deal with all the complexities and diversities of the nursing practice setting. Nurse clinicians, administrators and academics have a responsibility to ensure beginning practitioners are prepared for beginning professional practice at an advanced beginning level.
High Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Alleviates Cognitive Impairment and Modulates Hippocampal Synaptic Structural Plasticity in Aged Mice

Normal aging is accompanied by hippocampus-dependent cognitive impairment, which is a risk factor of Alzheimer’s disease. This study aims to investigate the effect of high frequency-repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) on hippocampus-dependent learning and memory in aged mice and explore its underlying mechanisms. Forty-five male Kunming mice (15 months old) were randomly divided into three groups: aged sham, 5 Hz rTMS, and 25 Hz rTMS. Two sessions of 5 Hz or 25 Hz rTMS comprising 1,000 pulses in 10 trains were delivered once a day for 14 consecutive days. The aged sham group was treated by the reverse side of the coil. In the adult sham group, 15 male Kunming mice (3 months old) were treated the same way as the aged sham group. A Morris water maze (MWM) was conducted following the stimulation, and synaptic ultrastructure was observed through a transmission electron microscope. HF-rTMS improved spatial learning and memory impairment in the aged mice, and 5 Hz was more significant than 25 Hz. Synaptic plasticity-associated gene profiles were modified by HF-rTMS, especially neurotrophin signaling pathways and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) cofactors. Compared to the aged sham group, synaptic plasticity-associated proteins, i.e., synaptophysin (SYN) and postsynaptic density (PSD)-95 were increased; brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phosphorylated CREB (pCREB) significantly increased after the 5 Hz HF-rTMS treatment. Collectively, our results suggest that HF-rTMS ameliorated cognitive deficits in naturally aged mice. The 5 Hz rTMS treatment significantly enhanced synaptic structural plasticity and activated the BDNF/CREB pathway in the hippocampus.
Mindfulness, Interoception, and the Body: A Contemporary Perspective

Mindfulness is often used as an umbrella term to characterize a large number of practices, processes, and characteristics. Critics argue that this broad definition has led to misinformation, misunderstanding, and a general lack of methodologically rigorous research. Some of the confusion surrounding mindfulness is also believed to stem from an undifferentiated use of the term mindfulness and meditation. Mindfulness and all other forms of meditation have been shown to modulate the insula, which is the primary hub for interoception. Some have argued that interoception is foundational to mindfulness and may be the primary mechanism by which one benefits from the practice. However, much like the mindfulness literature, interoception remains broadly defined often without precision and with domain-specific meanings and implications. Research demonstrates that the insula and surrounding neural circuits are believed to be responsible for a number of other functions beyond interoception including attention, awareness, and all subjective experiences, much of which has been linked to the mindfulness literature. It has been assumed that mindfulness produces these neuroplasticity and functional effects. There is evidence that mindfulness and some of its benefits may be better described as increased interoception as a result of the neuroplasticity changes in the insula, and the development of the insula and surrounding neural circuits may cultivate dispositional mindfulness. The purposes of this article are to (1) highlight that it may be more accurate to link many of the identified benefits in the mindfulness literature to interoception and its neurological correlates and (2) propose attentional style as a means to clarify some of the confusion surrounding mindfulness, interoception, and meditation. Different meditations require different attentional styles. Attention can be analogous to a focal point with each focal point providing a unique perspective. Given that all meditative techniques modulate the insula, each meditation can provide a unique perspective from which to investigate complex interoceptive signals that may be unavailable from other meditative traditions. It may prove more useful to anchor scientific findings in the concrete body as a means to investigate those rather than a set of abstract, broadly defined meditative techniques.
AN ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE PRACTICES IN INCLUSIVE ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSES OF SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN CENTRAL PROVINCE

xi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 Statement of a problem. 5 1.3 Purpose of the study. 5 1.4 Objectives of the study. 5 1.5 Research questions: . 6 1.6 Significance of the study . 6 1.7 Limitations of the study. 6 1.8 Organization of Dissertation.7 LITERATURE REVIEW.7 2.
Worker Drug Use and Workplace Drug-Testing Programs: Results from the 1994 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse

Workplace drug-testing programs in the United States have proliferated over the past 10–15 years. It appears that many companies see drug-testing programs as an effective policy for deterring illicit drug use among their employees. However, there is little empirical research that has examined the relationship between drug-testing programs and worker drug use. Using data from the 1994 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA), this paper examines the associations among drug use, drug-testing programs, and perceptions of programs. The results suggest that weekly users of marijuana or cocaine are less likely than others to work for companies that have drug-testing programs. In general, users of marijuana and cocaine are also less likely to want to work for such companies. These findings suggest a deterrent effect of drug-testing programs, although the mechanisms underlying this deterrent effect remain unknown.
Private Savings and its Influence on Economic Growth in India in the Post Reform Period

Neo-Classical growth models show a clear relationship between savings and economic growth and consider savings a prerequisite for faster growth in an economy. Private savings in India have been a major contributor to total savings for several years. In this context, it is essential to investigate the long-run causality relationship between private savings and economic growth. It is also important, for their policy implications, to identify various determinants of private savings and analyse their impact in driving private savings. The study covers the period from 1991 to 2014 and uses the Engel-Granger cointegration test to find the direction of causality. To capture the degree of impact of various determinants on private savings ARDL model has been employed. The results show that growth in GDP and private savings in India are cointegrated and have a unilateral long-run relationship. It was found that changes in lending rates, causes a change in private savings. Other variables do not have a significant impact on private savings in India.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL BERBASIS PENDEKATAN REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION (RME) TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan modul yang berbasis pendekatan Realistic Matheatics Education (RME) terhadap pemahaman konsep dalam yang mencapai tingkat kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dimana prosedur penelitian yang digunakan adalah pengembangan model 4-D yaitu define (pendefinisian), design (perancangan), development (pengembangan) dan dessiminate (penyebaran) yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagarajan pada tahun 1974. Hasil penelitian yang pertama adalah validitas modul dengan persentase sebesar 91,74% dalam kriteria sangat valid. Yang kedua adalah nilai kepratisan dengan persentase sebesar 82,26% dalam kriteria sangat praktis. Yang ketiga adalah nilai keefektifan diperoleh nilai sebesar 75,61% dalam kriteria efektif. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan modul berbasis pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) terhadap pemahaman konsep tergolong valid, praktis dan efektif untuk digunakan.
Promotion of Community Based Commercial Cultivation of Herbal Medicines and Packaging of Herbal Nutritional Supplements

Promotion of Community based Commercial Cultivation of Herbal Medicines and Packaging of Herbal Nutritional Supplements. Mainen J. Moshi1, Zakaria H. Mbwambo1, Edmund J. Kayombo1, Modest C. Kapingu1, Lawrence Muze2, George T. Ndunguru3, and Aroldia Mulokozi4 1Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences; 2Kwanza Collection Co. Ltd; 3Tanzania Food and Nutrition Centre; 4Tanzania Commission for AIDS (TACAIDS)
Neurophysiological Correlates of Fast Mapping of Novel Words in the Adult Brain

Word acquisition could be mediated by the neurocognitive mechanism known as fast mapping (FM). It refers to a process of incidental exclusion-based learning and is believed to be a critical mechanism for the rapid build-up of lexicon, although its neural mechanisms are still poorly understood. To investigate the neural bases of this key learning skill, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) and employed an audio-visual paradigm that included a counterbalanced set of familiar and novel spoken word forms presented, in a single exposure, in conjunction with novel and familiar images. To define learning-related brain dynamics, passive auditory ERPs, known to index long-term memory trace activation, were recorded before and after the FM task. Following the single FM learning exposure, we found a significant enhancement in neural activation elicited by the newly trained word form, which was expressed at ~200–400 ms after the word onset. No similar amplitude increase was found either for the native familiar word used as a control stimulus in the same learning paradigm or for similar control stimuli which were not subject to training. Topographic analysis suggested a left-lateral shift of the ERP scalp distribution for the novel FM word form, underpinned by fronto-temporal cortical sources, which may indicate the involvement of pre-existing neurolinguistic networks for mastering new word forms with native phonology. Overall, the near-instant changes in neural activity after a single-shot novel word training indicate that FM could promote rapid integration of newly learned items into the brain’s neural lexicon, even in adulthood.
Gatekeeping within the simplicity regime: evaluative practices in television idea development

This article investigates the kinds of evaluative practices that are employed when gatekeepers in TV want to maximise creativity. By analysing the evaluative regimes used in TV idea development, the analysis points to how a simplicity regime is used in the observed idea development sessions, with ideas being judged constantly as to whether they are clear and simple enough. Using observations, interviews and briefs as data sources, the article concludes that the desire of gatekeeping editors to maximise creativity can place significant pressure on developers who find it difficult to live up to these desires. In addition, the findings suggest that these developers primarily develop ideas for their immediate gatekeeping editors and that the TV viewers are not considered as equally important in their idea development process.
LES ASPECTS EPIDEMIOLOGIQUES DE LA RETINOPATHIE DIABETIQUE A YAOUNDE

* CHU, Enseignant au CUSS, Université de Yaoundé (Département d’Ophtalmologie) B.P. 11.403 YAOUNDE (CAMEROUN) ** CHU, Enseignante au CUSS, Université de Yaoundé (Département d’Ophtalmologie *** HGY, Enseignant au CUSS, Université de Yaoundé (Médecine Interne) L’atteinte rétinienne est l’un des trois éléments constitutifs de la “triopathie diabétique” : oeil, nerf, rein, qui constituent les trois pôles électifs de la microangiopathie diabétique. Elle reste la première cause de cécité dans le RESUME
Sense of Belonging and Mattering Among Two Cohorts of First-Year Students Participating in a Comprehensive College Transition Program

For first-year students who carry traditionally marginalized identities, comprehensive college transition programs (CCTPs) can offer key wraparound services to help address some of the major academic, social, and financial barriers they may encounter. This article looks at one such CCTP implemented at three public college campuses serving a range of students, including those from low-income, first-generation, and racial/ethnic minority backgrounds. More specifically, this study uses regression analyses to look at two cohorts of first-year students’ experiences related to sense of belonging and mattering to their CCTP. The findings suggest that when considering students’ experiences in the CCTP, staff care and support and perceptions of grade check meetings were experiences that were significantly related to both sense of belonging and mattering.
Xenophobia’s Contours During an Ebola Epidemic: Proximity and the Targeting of Peul Migrants in Senegal

Abstract: This article examines the effect of geographical proximity on targeting patterns during Ebola-era xenophobic outbursts by Senegalese against a migrant Peul population of Guinean origins. It highlights the limited extent to which epidemics shape the micro-dynamics of outbreaks of xenophobia during public health crises, demonstrating that epidemics are not defining events that inflect inter-group relations. They mostly reinforce long-persisting patterns of exclusion. The conclusion is that the contours of xenophobia in contexts marked by public health crises and in those situations in which these issues of public health do not constitute a major concern tend to mirror each other.
Half In Shadow She Speaks: An Expressive Therapies Exploration of The Self Image of African American Women

African American women have suffered from negative images being thrust upon them, unrealistic expectations desired from them, and a lack of acknowledgement of their humanity—femininity often ignored or manipulated for sexual or reproductive control over them. The scars from these societal ills have fueled mindsets which assist in the fostering of continued unrealistic goals (Western ideals of beauty, infinite emotional resources), allowing circumstances for illness and disease to persist. The study attempts to explore, through mask making and dramatic play, how African American women see themselves and how this view may be useful in creating interventions to treat this population. Issues including the negative effects of stereotypes, the hurtfulness of colorism, mistrust of scientific research and helping professions (medical and psychological) as well as the desire to commune with other Black women were expressed and explored. The word “Black” as used by the writer is interchangeable with the term “African American” and will be capitalized. The same is true in regards to “White” when used to describe individuals of European descent. Both terms appear in lower case when part of a direct quotation. Keywords​: African American women, Black women, coping, stereotypes, Superwoman, colorism, mental health, coping mechanisms.
Is English on mobile linguistic landscape resources no longer viewed as a linguistic threat to Arabic in Jordan?

Linguistic landscape (LL) research has been subject to a great deal of attention since the publication of the well-known research paper by Landry and Bourhis (1997), whose most quoted definition of LL covers diverse linguistic tokens, including but not restricted to government-related inscriptions, street-name signs, commercial signs, and noticeboards. There is an increasing number of contributions on the use of English in many LLs worldwide. However, there are relatively few LL publications on the use of English in the LL in Arabic-speaking countries (but see Al–Naimat & Alomoush, 2018; Alomoush, 2019). The vast majority of previous LL studies in non-Arabic contexts (e.g. Backhaus, 2007; Griffin, 2004; Hasanova, 2010; Jaworksi & Thurlow, 2010; Lanza & Woldemariam, 2014; Ross, 1997; Schlick, 2003) focus on analysing language on fixed or relatively stable signs, such as shop names.
Nitroreductase suicide gene and immunotherapy in locally relapsed, castrate resistant prostate cancer

In this thesis we validate the efficacy of a new adenoviral construct in prostate cancer cell lines in preparation for a gene and immunotherapy clinical trial in prostate cancer. By demonstrating the constructs ability to infect prostate cancer cells and cause them to die with the introduction of the prodrug, CB1954 as well as releasing a biologically active cytokine, GMCSF we secured GTAC approval to proceed to a phase I/II clinical trial in patients with local relapse after treatment with curative intent for prostate cancer. A tertiary endpoint in the trial is evidence of immune responses relating to treatment. To measure this we have modified an interferon gamma ELISpot assay to measure T cell mediated immune responses. We have then used this assay on 38 patients with suspected or diagnosed prostate cancer. In this study we have found the assay to be acceptable to patients and deliverable within the setting of the clinical trial. We found evidence of strong immune responses in patients with low and intermediate risk prostate cancer based on D’Amico’s classification with these responses declining in more advanced patients. We found that some interventions lead to an increase in immune responses and these observations warrant further exploration.
The Role of Interpersonal Style in Relational Regulation

Relational Regulation Theory (RRT) and Interpersonal Theory describe mechanisms linking social interactions to affect and perceptions of others. RRT describes ordinary, everyday social interactions involving interesting conversation or shared enjoyable activities as integral to affect regulation. Affect regulation elicits feelings of being supported by the interaction partner (i.e., perceived social support) with, with resulting downstream mental health benefits in both everyday life and when under stress. Interpersonal Theory describes social interactions as exchanges of warm (or cold) and dominant (or submissive) behaviors (i.e., interpersonal styles), with favorable affect elicited by interaction partners that engage in behaviors that fulfill interpersonal needs in each other. One elaboration of Interpersonal Theory hypothesizes that when under stress, interpersonal style will augment the effects of receiving support on the perceived supportiveness of the provider. I explored the extent to which interpersonal style incremented the prediction of contemporaneous affect and perceived social support engagement by enjoyed conversation and shared activities. Across three studies (n = 396; n = 288; n = 206), in vivo, in situ reported perception of an interaction partner as warm was linked to better affect and feeling supported. Perceived warmth also predicted better affect and being supported in times of stress; receiving social support was associated with contemporaneous negative affect but greater perceived support. Enjoyment of conversation and shared activity and warmth both predicted better affect and feelings of being supported independently; there were no interaction effects. Yet, the proportion of variance explained increased dramatically when both predictors were entered together, supporting the integration of RRT with Interpersonal Theory.
Children's understanding of pronouns that differ in scope of reference

Abstract Some pronouns can refer to entities that vary widely in scope. In some cases, the referent might be a noun phrase, and in other cases it might be a whole proposition. In the cases of pronouns with a noun phrase antecedent, an already existing referent is reactivated from the preceding context. In the case of pronouns with a propositional antecedent, the referent must be reformulated. The interpretation and use of such pronouns was investigated in 150 eight-year-old children in a reading comprehension task. Experiment 1 used a referent specification task and Experiment 2 used a completion task. It was more difficult for children to process a pronoun when its antecedent was a proposition compared to a noun phrase. These results are in line with the linguistic approaches (e.g., Gundel et al., 2005) according to which processing of pronouns with a propositional antecedent is more complex and requires greater cognitive effort.
Information-Based Trading, Price Impact of Trades, and Trade Autocorrelation

In this study we show that both the price impact of trades and serial correlation in trade direction are positively and significantly related to the probability of information-based trading (PIN). The positive relation remains significant even after controlling for the effects of stock attributes. Higher trading activity (i.e., shorter intervals between trades) induces both larger price impact and stronger positive serial correlation in trade direction. The effect of time interval between trades on quote revision is stronger for stocks with higher PIN values. These results provide direct empirical support for the information models of trade and quote revision.