Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dissorophid diversity at the early Permian cave system near Richards Spur, Oklahoma, USA

The early Permian karst deposits near Richards Spur, Oklahoma, preserve a diverse assemblage of terrestrial dissorophoid temnospondyls in an upland environment. The dissorophids, an armored dissorophoid clade, were previously represented only by two species of the eucacopine Cacops, Cacops morrisi and Cacops woehri, a genus also known from the lowland floodplains of the Texas red beds by the genotype C. aspidephorus. Here we report the first documented occurrences of two other dissorophid taxa at Richards Spur, Aspidosaurus and Dissorophus, identified on the basis of their distinctive osteoderms. Similar to Cacops, both taxa are also known from the Texas red beds and other lowland Permo-Carboniferous localities. Their documentation increases both the dissorophoid diversity at Richards Spur and the faunal overlap between the tetrapod assemblage at Richards Spur and the classic early Permian localities of North America. Additional cranial and postcranial material is referred to C. morrisi, to a previously reported indeterminate dissorophine, and to C. woehri, the knowledge of which is greatly expanded through this report. Analysis of several osteoderm morphotypes using neutron tomography reveals information that both strengthens taxonomic referrals (e.g., bifurcated ventral flange in Dissorophus) and reveals unexpected new insights into dissorophid osteoderm variation (ventral flange of the internal series in Cacops; presence of an internal series in Aspidosaurus). The extensive diversity of terrestrial dissorophoids at this site is unparalleled and furthers the interpretation of the assemblage as a unique early Permian paleocommunity produced by distinct environmental conditions. Bryan M. Gee. Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. bryan.gee@mail.utoronto.ca Joseph J. Bevitt. Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawara Road, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia. jbv@ansto.gov. au Robert R. Reisz. Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, ON L5L 1C6, Canada and International Centre of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China. robert.reisz@utoronto.ca GEE, BEVITT, & REISZ : RICHARDS SPUR DISSOROPHIDS 2
Nanoscale Crystalline Sheets and Vesicles Assembled from Nonplanar Cyclic π-Conjugated Molecules

A fundamental challenge in chemistry and materials science is to create new carbon nanomaterials by assembling structurally unique carbon building blocks, such as nonplanar π-conjugated cyclic molecules. However, self-assembly of such cyclic π-molecules to form organized nanostructures has been rarely explored despite intensive studies on their chemical synthesis. Here we synthesized a family of new cycloparaphenylenes and found that these fully hydrophobic and nonplanar cyclic π-molecules could self-assemble into structurally distinct two-dimensional crystalline multilayer nanosheets. Moreover, these crystalline multilayer nanosheets could overcome inherent rigidity to curve into closed crystalline vesicles in solution. These supramolecular assemblies show that the cyclic molecular scaffolds are homogeneously arranged on the surface of nanosheets and vesicles with their molecular isotropic x-y plane standing obliquely on the surface. These supramolecular architectures that combined exact crystalline order, orientation-specific arrangement of π-conjugated cycles, controllable morphology, uniform molecular pore, superior florescence quench ability, and photoluminescence are expected to give rise to a new class of functional materials displaying unique photonic, electronic, and biological functions.
Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Matematis melalui Pembelajaran Inkuiri dengan Strategi Scaffolding

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji keefektifan pembelajaran inkuiri dengan strategi scaffolding terhadap kemampuan literasi matematis siswa dan menganalisis karakteristik kemampuan literasi matematis siswa melaui pembelajaran inkuiri dengan strategi scaffolding. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mix method dengantipe concurrent embedded Design, Jenis penelitian kuantitatif yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan True experimental design dengan bentuk posttest-only control design. Subjek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Sanggau Ledo, Kalimantan Barat. Selanjutnya dilakukan pembelajaran inkuiri dengan strategi scaffolding pada kelas eksperimen. Kemudian dilakukan pengambilan data dengan melakukan tes kemampuan literasi matematis pada tiap sampel. Untuk memperdalam hasil penelitian dilakukan wawancara terkait karakteristik literasi matematis pada subjek yang sudah dipilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kemampuan literasi matematis siswa pada pembelajaran inkuiri dengan strategi scaffolding tuntas. Kemampuan literasi matematis siswa pada pembelajaran inkuiri dengan strategi scaffolding lebih baik dari siswa pada pembelajaran ekspositori. Karakteristik kemampuan literasi matematis pada siswa kelompok atas, tengah, bawah relatife baik karena pembelajaran ini mampu memberikan hasil yang baik pada kelas eksperimen dibandingkan kelas kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa Pembelajaran inkuiri dengan strategi scaffolding efektif terhadap kemampuan literasi matematis siswa. Pembelajaran inkuiri dengan strategi scaffolding dapat dijadikan alternatif model pembelajaran diterapkan di kelas dalam rangka meningkatkan kemampuan literasi matematis.
A novel 3D GPR image arrangement for deep learning-based underground object classification

ABSTRACT Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used for detecting buried underground object. Deep learning technique is recently being adopted into this field thanks to its powerful image classification capacity. However, it uses only GPR B-scan images, although multichannel GPR device can provide more informative three-dimensional (3D) data for underground object. In this study, a novel deep learning-based underground object classification method is proposed by using two-dimensional (2D) grid image which consists of several B-scan and C-scan images. Spatial information of an underground object can be well represented in the 2D grid image. The 2D grid images are then used to train deep convolutional neural networks. The proposed method is experimentally validated by field data collected from urban roads in Seoul, South Korea. The performance is also compared to a conventional method which uses only B-scan images. The proposed method successfully classifies cavity, pipe, manhole and subsoils background having very small false-positive errors.
Variability and trends of atmospheric moisture in recent West African monsoon season and the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment‐Africa projected 21st century scenarios

The interannual variability and trends of atmospheric moisture flux convergence (MFC) and the flux transport and their roles in wet season rainfall variability during the West Africa monsoon season have been investigated using the Climate Research Unit observational datasets and the National Center for Environmental Prediction reanalysis 2 from 1979 to 2016 and the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX)‐Africa model outputs. Particular emphasis has been placed on the three rainfall zones: the Western Sudano Sahel, the Eastern Sudano Sahel and the Guinea Coast. The MFC shows largest variability and impact on rainfall in the Western Sudano Sahel, followed by the Guinea Coast, but there is no significant impact in the Eastern Sudano Sahel. Furthermore, the MFC shows significant positive trends at the Sahelian locations but not at the Guinea Coast. The CORDEX‐Africa models adequately simulate the climatology and spatial patterns of the mean June to September atmospheric moisture; however, differences exist in the magnitude and signs of the temporal trend. The model ensemble mean is presented, which better represents the atmospheric moisture during the monsoon rainfall variability. A mean bias‐corrected projection of the atmospheric moisture shows enhanced rainfall variability of the Guinea Coast in the representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5 at the end of the 21st century.
Influence of Surface Treatment of Recycled Aggregates on Mechanical Properties and Bond Strength of Self-Compacting Concrete

In the last decade there has been a massive growth for development of concrete infrastructures all around the world. Take into account environmental concerns, concrete technology should direct efforts toward assuring development and fabrication of sustainable and resilient concrete. For this purpose, incorporation of recycled concrete aggregate in concrete products particularly self-compacting concrete (SCC) for structural and non-structural application would be significant achievement. In this study the fresh and hardened properties of SCC prepared by substituting natural aggregates (NA) with recycled coarse aggregates (RCA). In addition, bonding behaviour of reinforced RCA-SCC for structural application was investigated. Moreover, surface treatment of RCA using lithium silicate solution was proposed to investigate its feasibility to improve the fresh and hardened properties of SCC as well as its bonding strength. The mechanical properties including compressive strength, tensile strength and elastic modulus of SCC mixes using untreated RCA and treated RCA (TRCA) were investigated. The results showed an improvement in performance of SCC mixes made with TRCA in compare with the untreated samples. The bond behaviour between SCC made with RCA and steel reinforcement was studied and the relationship between the brittleness and bonding of SCC mixes using untreated RCA and TRCA determined. The effect of surface treatment on the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between adhered mortar and RCA studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was determined that the treatment of RCA improved the bond at the ITZ through densification. The results gave experimental evidence of the suitability of RCA-SCC for structural use and application in reinforced concrete.
The Effect of Water Models on Desalination Through Graphene Nanopores

Nanoporous carbon materials are extensively studied for various separation applications. Among them, water desalination by means of Reverse Osmosis (RO) stands out due to it’s large socio-economic relevance. Many studies are carried out in this area both computationally and experimentally. In computational studies the water simulated using different water models are prone to produce inconsistent results. In this study water desalination through hydrogen functionalized graphene nanopore is studied using different water models (SPC, SPC/E, TIP3P, TIP4P/2005). Up to 81% difference was observed in the flux estimates among the models. The water permeation rate was found to be closely related to the bulk transport properties of the simulated water.
Modeling media as latent semantics based on cognitive components

Though one might think of media as an audiovisual stream of consciousness, we frequently encode frames of video sequences and waves of sound into strings of text. Language allows us to both share the internal representations of what we perceive as mental concepts, as well as categorizing them as distinct states in the continuous ebb and flow of emotions underlying consciousness. Whether it being a soundscape of structured peaks or tiny black characters lined up across a page, we rely on syntax for parsing sequences of symbols, which based on hierarchically nested structures allow us to express and share the meaning contained within a sentence or a melodic phrase. As both low-level semantic structure of texts and our affective responses can be encoded in words, a simplified cognitive model can be constructed which uses LSA latent semantic analysis to emulate how we perceive the emotional context of media based on lyrics, synopses, subtitles, blogs or web pages associated with the content. In the proposed model the bottom-up generated sensory input is a matrix of tens of thousands of words co-occurring within multiple contexts, that are in turn represented as vectors in a semantic space of reduced dimensionality. While top-down, patterns of emotional categorization emerge by defining term vector distances to affective adjectives, that constrain the latent semantic structures according to the neurophysiological dimensions of valence and arousal. The thesis thus combines elements of machine learning with aspects of cognitive semantics that could potentially be utilized in applications ranging from media information retrieval and business related sentiment analysis to cognitive neuroscience.
IMPACT OF INDENTOR SLIDING VELOCITY AND LOADING REPETITION FACTOR ON SHEAR STRAIN AND STRUCTURE DISPERSION IN NANOSTRUCTURING BURNISHING

The article probes into a relationship of the shear strain intensity and the shear strain rate in the surface layer and the sliding velocity of a spherical indentor and its loading repetition factor. It brings forward an experimental procedure to evaluate the shear strain intensity and rate by analyzing the geometrical parameters of the bulge of plastically edged metal and the thickness of the shifted layer relative to different sliding velocities and feed rates.
A co-rotational floating node finite element for geometric non-linear fracture modelling of composite structures

Fibre-reinforced composites have become increasingly attractive for many engineering applicationsin the last decades. A very interesting aspect of these materials is that their mechanical properties canbe tailored for optimum strength and stiffness by controlling the orientation of the fibers embeddedin the matrix material. Composites are characterized by high strength properties, strong corrosionresistance, improved damage tolerance and can lead to considerable weight and cost reduction whencompared to their metallic counterparts. However, accurate modelling of damage in composites is stillan active research topic, as their progressive failure involves the interaction of various intra- and inter-laminar damage mechanisms, which often lead to complex fracture paths. To this regard, the FloatingNode Method (FNM) proved to be particularly suited for the modelling of complex cracking scenarioswithin a finite element. However, its use has so far been limited to geometric linear analyses, wheredeformations and rotations are small enough and the conventional linear FEM formulation is used. Thisthesis work investigates the modelling of geometric non-linear fracture problems in composites usingthe Floating Node Method. A co-rotational approach is proposed as a convenient, conceptually simpleway to include geometric non-linear effects in problems characterized by large rotations but smalldeformations. This approach allows re-use of the conventional linear FEM formulation by separatingrigid body and purely deformational motions at the element level. The co-rotational procedure, firstimplemented and validated on a linear solid brick element, is subsequently applied to the FloatingNode (FN) element. Finally, a demonstration of the element’s potential in capturing geometric non-linear effects is offered, addressing the modelling of crush and impact loading on composite laminates.
Petrology and Geochemistry of Mafic Intrusive Rocks from the Sapi-Shergol Ophiolitic Mélange, Indus Suture Zone, Western Ladakh: Constraints on Petrogenesis and Tectonic Setting

This article reports the existence of subduction-related tholeiitic, normal mid-ocean ridge basalt (N-MORB)-type mafic intrusives emplaced within the Sapi-Shergol ophiolitic mélange of the Indus Suture Zone, western Ladakh. The Shergol mafic intrusives show Fe enrichment with basalt to basaltic-andesite composition. Based on their mineralogy and textures, these mafic rocks can be identified as fine- to medium-grained gabbros that have undergone greenschist-grade metamorphism. These rocks have N-MORB-type geochemical characteristics, exhibiting nearly flat to depleted light rare earth element patterns ((La/Sm)N=0.66–1.05). Petrogenetic modeling suggests <20% partial melting of a depleted MORB-type mantle source, within the spinel peridotite stability. The presence of slightly negative anomalies of high field strength elements like Nb, Zr, and Ti in multielement patterns reflect the influence of subduction zone magmatism. The presence of low-Ti clinopyroxene (En38–50Fe11–25Wo31–43; enstatite-ferrosilite-wollastonite), Ca-rich plagioclase (An2–36; andesine), and pargasitic amphibole also reflects their subduction-related depleted-mantle origin. The MORB–island arc tholeiite signature displayed by the Shergol gabbros intrusive in Shergol peridotites reflect their generation in a mantle wedge associated with the Early Cretaceous intraoceanic subduction within the Neo-Tethys Ocean. They are similar to Spongtang ophiolite gabbros intrusive in the Spongtang ophiolite mantle peridotites from south Ladakh, ophiolitic mélange gabbros from southern Tibet, and Muslim Bagh ophiolite gabbros from Pakistan. Based on this study, we offer a geodynamic model suggesting that the Sapi-Shergol ophiolitic slice was intruded by mafic intrusive rocks that represent the relict of the intraoceanic substratum of the Cretaceous Dras arc complex.
Impact of turbulence intensity on the unsteady flow characteristics of the integrated aggressive inter-turbine duct

Aggressive inter-turbine duct (AITD) which has ultra-short axial length and ultra-large area ratio is widely applied in the modern turbofan engine to meet the demand of higher efficiency and better low pressure rotor dynamic characteristics. However, the adverse stream-wise pressure gradient in this duct is enhanced, and there are complicate upstream and downstream flow conditions. The flow field of the AITD and its downstream low pressure turbine is seriously deteriorated and prone to separate, especially in high-altitude cruise state. The integrated AITD which integrates the AITD with strut had been proved to can restrain the traditional AITD's three-dimensional flow separation. Besides, periodic wake can suppress the downstream blade suction surface's flow separation by “calmed region” effect according to former studies. The AITD of this research taken from a real engine utilizes integrated design and inherent upstream wake to suppress the flow separation of the AITD's end wall and low pressure turbine nozzle's suction surface correspondingly. In this article, the computational simulation method is used to quantify the impact of turbulence intensity (T u ) on the integrated AITD's unsteady flow characteristics, especially the separation and transition mechanism of low pressure turbine nozzle's suction surface boundary layer. Research shows that the impact of T u on the integrated AITD's flow property depends on the balance of T u 's dual effect.
Dataflow Optimizations in a Sub-uW Data-Driven TCN Accelerator for Continuous ECG Monitoring

Recent biomedical processors increasingly leverage neural networks (NN) for high-quality monitoring of health parameters. Biomedical signals, such as electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, are processed continuously in time domain. Compared to the capabilities of CMOS technology, the constant data rates are very low making leakage the dominant term over dynamic power consumption and, thus, preferring small inference engines. Remarkable energy-efficiency in terms of operation per watt is achieved by throughput-oriented state-of-the-art deep neural network accelerators, which leverage dataflow schemes to minimize the biggest contributor for energy consumption, i.e. data movement. This work specifically considers the aspect of data movement in the context of temporal convolutional network (TCN) inference. In specific, key principles of recent works, i.e. processing element sharing and shift register-based activation memory, are combined with a novel data-driven processing scheme to compile a minimal, highly efficient inference engine, which is capable of solving the demanding CinC'17 dataset. The resulting accelerator is fabricated in a 22 nm FDSOI technology with a footprint of 0.164 mm2and operates down to 0.5 V. In continuous processing the power goes as low as 0.525 µW.
Administrative and infrastructural factors affecting library and information science educators’ actual use of educational support systems for teaching in Nigerian universities

This research assumes that administrative and infrastructural factors may explain the low use of educational support systems (ESS) for teaching by library and information science (LIS) educators in Nigerian universities. The literature has focused on the adoption of different types of educational technologies and their use by teachers and students with little consideration for the LIS educators’ actual use of ESS for teaching and the effect of institutional support on the use of these systems. Thus, the study seeks to determine the user percentage of ESS for teaching, how the educators actually use ESS for teaching, the nature of administrative and infrastructural support they receive while teaching with ESS and whether the two factors correlate with and predict the actual use of ESS for teaching. A descriptive survey design was adopted and data were collected through a questionnaire. The results indicate that many of the LIS educators did not use ESS for teaching and that their actual use of ESS for the instructional activities highlighted in the study was low and below average. Moreover, the educators were found to have received minimal administrative and infrastructural support. The two factors were also found to have significant positive correlations and a significant and positive joint influence on the actual use of ESS for teaching with a joint contribution of 14.7%. Analysis of their relative contributions to the prediction of actual use revealed that, although the two support factors contributed positively, only infrastructural support contributed significantly at 0.05 level of significance. It was therefore recommended that for administrative support to be meaningful, adequate infrastructural facilities should be provided for an appreciable and sustainable use of ESS for teaching.
THE ROLE OF DALIHAN NA TOLU IN ENHANCING THE TOURISM APPEAL OF PARBABA WHITE SAND BEACH IN SAMOSIR REGENCY AS INDONESIA’S NATIONAL GEOPARK

The purpose of this study is to analyze some factors that influence the inhibition of local communities in the development of tourism in the White Sand of Parbaba, Indonesia. The type of research is an empirical juridical method. It was conducted in Huta Bolon Village, Pangururan Subdistrict, Samosir Regency, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The research sample was collected using the technique of Stratified Random Sampling. The findings of this research, it can be concluded that the community of Huta Bolon Village, Pangururan Subdistrict, Samosir Regency still lack tourism awareness. This is evidenced by the findings in which garbage scatters along the beach, and poultry and cattle roam around the beach.
Marshes waters sources hydrochemistryof the Bahr Al-Najaf at Najaf Province, Iraq

Bahar Al-Najaf basin is located in the western part of Al-Najaf governorate, center of Iraq. This work was aimed to determine the water sources for marshes, water discharges and factors which causing to the rise and low of the water level in these marshes.Five sources recharge for the marshes water were detected; rainwater, Al-Dammam confined aquifer flowing wells, sieve factures, water of springs and the irrigation water.The hydrochemistry analysis was investigated for all water sources of marshes using major and minor elements (Ca, Na, K, Mg, Cl, SO4, NO3, HCO3 and Br) and field measurements such as (T, pH, EC, TDS). The hydrochemical results shows that the all sources of water are not suitable for drinking water, while it’s classified as a good to permissible water for irrigation except water of marshes. Water quality standards for livestock is vary from very good water type in the irrigation streams to the can be used in a water marshes.