Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The minimization of morbidity in cranio-maxillofacial osseous reconstruction : bone graft harvesting and coral-derived granules as a bone graft substitute

Reduction of morbidity in osseous reconstruction of cranio-maxillofacial bony defects could come from development of less invasive bone graft harvesting techniques or by elimination of bone graft donor sites using a bone graft substitute. This work studies outcomes and morbidity associated with these two approaches. A power-driven trephine was used to harvest bone from the anterior iliac crest using a minimally invasive surgical technique. Initially the safety of the technique was evaluated in a cadaver model. Twenty-five freshly preserved adult cadavers had a total of 250 cancellous cores of bone harvested from 50 anterior iliac crest sites. Twenty intentional perforations were made to the maximum depth possible with the instrumentation tested. No encroachment upon the peritoneum was found. A total of 84 patients had 333 cores of cancellous bone harvested using the same approach with a complication rate of 3.6% and a patient satisfaction rate of 98.8%. In a further 76 patients the motorized trephine method was compared to traditional open iliac crest corticocancellous block harvesting. The trephine group ambulated earlier, required fewer days of hospital stay and had significantly lower pain scores than the open iliac crest group. Coral-derived granules were used as a xenograft bone graft substitute to treat bony defects in the cranio-maxillofacial skeletons of 36 patients with 54 sites and followed for 12 to 36 months. The augmentations produced satisfactory results with the following complications noted: overt wound infection 1.8%, wound irritation 3.8% and clinically evident resorption in 9.3% of augmented sites. Coral-derived granules were then used to treat 48 dento-alveolar defects in 21 growing patients with trauma induced tooth-loss in the anterior maxilla and elective ankylosed tooth removal in the posterior maxilla and mandible. Coral granules were significantly more efficacious in reconstructing alveolar defects in the posterior maxilla or mandible (93.5%), than the anterior maxilla (17.6%). The minimally invasive technique using a power driven trephine was successful at reducing morbidity from bone graft harvesting at the anterior iliac crest. Coral-derived granules can be used in selected situations as a bone graft substitute and minimize post surgical morbidity by eliminating the bone graft donor site.
Development of Aeronautical Communication System for Air Traffic Control Using OFDM and Computer Algebra Systems

: The future aeronautical communication system will have to provide more communications capacity and increased capabilities than the existing one. These systems should be able to provide the performance required in the long term. The improvements are necessary to be able to cope with the expected air traffic growth in future. In this paper we deal with the development of new algorithms for the new generation of communication systems based on digital signal processing. The main idea is to automate the design procedure starting from the block diagram of the system and carrying out the implementation code on the target hardware. The role and importance of symbolic computation in communication systems is exemplified on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). An original approach to algorithm development is illustrated using computer algebra system. The development tools are Mathematica, and application software SchematicSolver.
Anorexia prevention messages : effects on psychological reactance among female college students

This study examined how anorexia prevention campaign messages affect female college students through a linear relationship among magnitude of requests, perceived threat to freedom, psychological reactance, attitude, and behavioral intention. A total of 163 female undergraduate students participated in an online survey and read four different fictional campaign messages (no request version, small request version, larger request version, and small and large request combined version) in terms of magnitude of requests regarding anorexia prevention. Five hypotheses were examined to measure participants’ level of reactance, threat to freedom, attitudes, and behavioral intention. The findings revealed a significant relationship between magnitude of requests and threat to freedom; i.e., more demanding requests in an anorexia prevention message can generate a higher level of threat to freedom. In addition, there was a positive relationship between threat to freedom and reactance; i.e., individuals who experienced a higher threat to freedom were more likely to experience stronger reactance whereas those who presented higher reactance exhibited a lower behavioral intention to follow anorexia prevention recommendations. Nevertheless, there was not a significant relationship between reactance and attitude toward anorexia prevention recommendations. Furthermore, no significant positive relationship was revealed between attitude toward anorexia prevention recommendations and behavioral intention to follow anorexia prevention recommendations.
Review of the Literature on the Impact of Mergers on Innovation

Both M&A and innovation are instruments for growth and competitive advantage. Therefore they are fundamental to each firm? s competitive strategy. Usually, both instruments have been studied separately, but much less in conjunction. This is unfortunate as both processes - the process of innovation and the process of mergers and acquisitions - are intimately connected. The impact of mergers on innovation can only be rigorously assessed, if the converse direction of influence - mergers caused by innovation - is accounted for. Therefore this review tries to take a balanced view on both processes and to point out links between them. Nevertheless, the focus is on the impact of mergers on innovation. This discussion paper is identical with an older version with the title ? Review on the Literature of Mergers on Innovation?
Monetary policy & real estate investment trusts

This paper assesses the response of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REIT's) to unexpected changes in US monetary policy. A critical element in this study is the use of futures markets to isolate unexpected changes in the policy rate. We find a significant negative response of REIT returns to a surprise change in the policy rate. The paper then examines the potential sources behind such an observed response. We find important differences between the REIT market and the broader equity market. Intuitively the impact of monetary policy on dividend news appears to be more pronounced in the REIT case. However, the decomposition of the response to monetary shocks is largely driven by revision in expectations regarding future excess returns and these results are largely consistent with the findings for the overall stock market as reported in Bernanke & Kuttner (2005).
Research Article A study of prevalence of obesity and its correlates among government and private school children in Hyderabad: a comparative study

Background: Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in India in the 21st Century, affecting 5% of the country’s population. Childhood obesity is an emerging problem in urban Indian children and increase in childhood overweight and obesity may be a major contributor to adult obesity epidemic. Hence present study has been planned with the objective to study and compare the prevalence of obesity in government and private schools and also to study the risk factors associated with obesity. Methods: An institution based cross sectional study was carried out among 718 school children of randomly selected government and private schools of Hyderabad city. Students were enquired about their physical activity and dietary habits as per the questionnaire. Anthropometry measurements like height and weight were recorded for each student. Data was analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. Results: Prevalence of obesity was found to be 21.09% among private school children and 19% in government school children. Physical activity factors like conveyance to school and less frequency of outdoor games were significantly associated with obesity. Diet related determinants like intake of soft drinks, sweets, pizza, fruits were found to be associated with obesity. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the prevalence of obesity in schools of Hyderabad is very high and it is positively associated with inappropriate exercise and improper dietary practices.
Measuring a Company Reputation in a Crisis Situation: An Ethnography Approach on the Situational Crisis Communication Theory

By conducting an ethnography method, this research applied the Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) to explain the public perception about the company’s action during a crisis. The public has a particular attribution about the crisis that determines the company’s reputation. The attribution involves three factors of the reputation, an initial crisis responsibility, a crisis history, and a prior relational reputation. The SCCT has often been overlooked; however, most research has focused on an organization-centered approach rather than a public approach. Hence, this current research focuses on the public’s perspective of the mudflow crisis in Indonesia. There also appears to be little ethnography research available that centered on the public approach. It gives contribution to the public relations issues and crisis management field. This research reinforces the Situational Crisis Communication Theory. It should be emphasized that the company should deal more properly with the impact of the crisis on the victims.
Use of an antibiotic growth promoter and two herbal natural feed additives with and without exogenous enzymes in wheat based broiler diets

A study was conducted to compare the effects of an antibiotic growth promoter (flavomycin) and two herbal natural feed additives (garlic and thyme) with and without a xylanase-based enzyme complex in wheat-based diets on growth performance, carcass parameters, total plasma cholesterol concentration, intestinal traits and the dry matter content of excreta of broiler chickens. A total of 112 day-old male broiler chicks was randomly assigned to eight groups containing 14 chicks each and raised from 1 to 42 days of age. The control group received the wheat-soyabean meal basal diet. In the treatment groups the basal diet was supplemented with one of the following: an antibiotic, thyme, garlic, an enzyme, the antibiotic plus the enzyme, thyme plus the enzyme or garlic plus the enzyme. During the 42-d growth period there were no significant differences in body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of the broilers between dietary treatments. Feeding the diet supplemented with the antibiotic plus the enzyme significantly increased hot and cold carcass yields compared to the diets supplemented with thyme, garlic, enzyme and garlic plus enzyme. Total plasma cholesterol concentration, the dry matter content of excreta and the relative weights of the heart, pancreas, liver, gizzard and spleen were not significantly influenced by dietary treatments. The relative weight of the small intestines of the broilers receiving the diets supplemented with the antibiotic, antibiotic plus enzyme, thyme plus enzyme and garlic plus enzyme were significantly less than those of the broilers fed the basal diet and the diets supplemented with thyme, garlic and enzyme. The basal diet and garlic supplemented diet significantly increased the length of the small intestine compared to the other dietary treatments. Broilers receiving the diet supplemented with antibiotic had significantly lower total aerobic bacterial counts in the small intestines compared to those on the other dietary treatments. The combined supplementation of the antibiotic and enzyme resulted in a significantly lower E. coli concentration in the small intestines compared to the basal diet and the other dietary treatments.
Attachment styles within the coach-athlete dyad : preliminary investigation and assessment development

The present preliminary study aimed to develop and examine the psychometric properties of a new sport-specific self-report instrument designed to assess athletes’ and coaches’ attachment styles. The development and initial validation comprised three main phases. In Phase 1, a pool of items was generated based on pre-existing self-report attachment instruments, modified to reflect a coach and an athlete’s style of attachment. In Phase 2, the content validity of the items was assessed by a panel of experts. A final scale was developed and administered to 405 coaches and 298 athletes (N = 703 participants). In Phase 3, confirmatory factor analysis of the obtained data was conducted to determine the final items of the Coach-Athlete Attachment Scale (CAAS). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed acceptable goodness of fit indexes for a 3-first order factor model as well as a 2-first order factor model for both the athlete and the coach data, respectively. A secure attachment style positively predicted relationship satisfaction, while an insecure attachment style was a negative predictor of relationship satisfaction. The CAAS revealed initial psychometric properties of content, factorial, and predictive validity, as well as reliability.
Tragic Brilliance : Equilibrium Hegemony And Democratization in Mexico

Why do citizens acquiesce in regimes of which they obviously disapprove? We provide a model that exhibits a general mechanism underlying the survival of one-party dominant, authoritarian regimes. The “tragic brilliance” of one-party dominant systems is that the party employs a complex system of rewards and punishments that lead citizens to actively support the party. We study the long-standing hegemonic dominance in Mexican politics by the PRI. We model the PRI’s credible threat to punish localities electing the opposition. We also explore our model’s implications for the Mexican transition to democracy. Our empirical evidence at the municipal level supports the model. Our conclusions relate to the comparative literature on one party systems, elections, democratization and the political economy of Mexico.
Trade Unions: Promoting or Withholding Solutions in Management–Union Conflicts? Analysis of Employee and Manager Perceptions

This paper examines employee and manager perceptions of the trade union within their organization as either promoting or withholding solutions in employee management conflicts. The primary research questions asked the following: Are there differences in employee and manager comprehension of trade union behavior in union–management conflict? Are these differences expressed on the level of gender between men and women? Are certain handling patterns considered as promoting or withholding solutions? How does the chosen pattern affect general job satisfaction of workers? 158 employees and managers, both men and women from three public sector organizations asked to answer questionnaires based on trade-union handling styles in times of union-management conflict, added questions about union ability to promote or withhold solution and employee job satisfaction. Findings show significant correlations between handling styles and employee and manager perception of the union as promoting or withholding solutions in conflict situations. Some handling styles were viewed as more solution-promoting (compromising, collaborative, and competitive) with others regarded as more solution-withholding (e.g., avoiding and obliging). Additional findings indicate that men diagnosed the dominant handling style as competitive, while women diagnosed it as one of avoidance. In addition, men were more likely than women to perceive unions as promoting conflictsolutions. Nonetheless, both men and women agreed that a more competitive union can promote solutions better than a union characterized by conflict-avoidance. This research contributes managers and employees by offering tools to examine their dealing with conflict effectiveness.
The effect of diet on the microbial mass, and xylanase and CMC-ase activities in whole rumen digesta and in different fractions of the rumen contents of cows

Three cows fitted with large rumen fistulas were used in investigations of relationships between growth of microbial populations and activity of fibrolytic enzymes in relation to diet. The diet consisted of barley grain and hay and was supplemented with rapeseed meal or fish meal. The total number of ciliates varied from 121.3xl0 and 223.2xl0/g of rumen contents and was significantly higher when the feed was supplemented with fish meal. Bacterial mass was 11.0-14.9 mg/g rumen contents irrespective of diet. The determinations were based on the DAPA concentration in bacteria and in rumen digesta. The biomass of protozoa in the whole rumen varied from 208.2 to 358.6 g, that of bacteria ranged from 986.3 to 1391.6 g. Fish meal supplement increased the biomass of protozoa before the morning meal and 4 h thereafter and the biomass of bacteria before feeding. Xylanase activity in whole rumen digesta varied from 68.4 to 96 /miol reducing sugars released from xyian/g DM/min and was higher when the feed was supplemented with rapeseed meal. The activity of CMC-ase was 6.2-6.9 /miol reducing sugars released from CMC/g DM/min. No relationship was found between either enzyme activity and total bacterial mass in the rumen contents The xylanase and CMC-ase activities associated with particulate fractions varied from 34.0 to 63.3 and from 1.9 to * Supported by the State Committee for Scientific Research, Grant No 5 S305 021 05 486 MICHALOWSKI T. ET AL. 4.6 fimol of reducing sugars released from xylan or CMC respectively. The activity was higher when cows were was fed diet supplemented with fish meal, and this was accompanied by higher counts of protozoa. A negative correlation was found between the activity of CMC-ase associated with particulate fractions and A D L content in this material.
Variation in food quality and particle selectivity in the sea scallop Placopecten magellanicus (Mollusca: Bivalvia)

The sea scallop Placopecten rnagellanicus (Gmelin) is a suspension-feeding bivalve, common in subtidal regions in the northwest Atlantic. In this study, we examined the feeding responses of scallops to changes in the quantity and quality of natural seston under field and laboratory conditions. Concentrations of natural suspended particles at our study site were < 5 mg I-', and chlorophyll a concentrations were < 1.4 pg mg-'. Under these seston quantities and qualities, clearance rates were positively correlated with the total amount of chlorophyll-containing particles in the water (pg I-'), while ingestion rates increased with increasing concentration of total suspended particulate matter (mg I-'). Scallops were able to select high-quality chlorophyll-a-containing particles and significantly improve the quality of material ingested. Pseudofaeces production increased slightly with increasing particle concentration, and selection was not based on the size of particles. We suggest that during conditions when the ingestive capacity of scallops is not exceeded, qualitative factors of the seston are more important than quantitative ones in mediating feeding processes.
The q-Exponential Social Discounting Functions of Gain and Loss

Social discounting has been attracting attention in behavioral psychology, econophysics, and neuroeconomics. Several mathematical models have been proposed for social discounting; exponential discounting, hyperbolic discounting, a q-exponential discounting model based on Tsallis’ statistics. In order to experimentally examine the mathematical characteristics of the q-exponential social discounting models for gain and loss in humans, we estimated the parameters of the q-exponential social discounting models by assessing the points of subjective equality (indifference points) at seven social distances. We observed that gain was more steeply social-discounted than loss. Usefulness of the q-exponential social discounting model in social physics, econophysics, and cultural neuroeconomics are discussed.
Wind Patterns of Coastal Tanzania: Their Variability and Trends

Patterns in Tanzanian coastal winds were investigated in terms of their variability at the weather stations of Tanga, Zanzibar, Dar es Salaam and Mtwara. Three-hourly data collected over a 30-year period (1977-2006) were used for the study. Statistical analyses included regressions, correlations, spectral analysis, wavelet analysis and partial correlations. Among the four stations, Mtwara proved to have the strongest winds, and Dar es Salaam the weakest. The study confirmed that NE winds prevail from November to March along the coast of Tanzania and SE winds from April to October. The monthly means were mainly composed of annual and semi-annual signals, as well as low frequency oscillations of different wavelength. Generally, the wind speeds were significantly correlated with the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, while at Mtwara the winds were also correlated with the Indian Ocean Dipole. These correlations were higher during the SE Monsoon than during the NE Monsoon. Trends in the monthly mean and maximum wind speeds indicated that the winds have generally strengthened over the past three decades, the corresponding rates of increase being about 0.04-0.07 and 0.03-0.08 m.s-1.y-1respectively, except for the monthly maximum speeds at Mtwara which declined at a rate of ~0.02. The maximum wind speed at Dar es Salaam remained almost unchanged.
Critical points of solutions to the obstacle problem in the plane

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Transparency in the Financial System: Rollover Risk and Crises

We present a theory of optimal transparency when banks are exposed to rollover risk. Disclosing bank-specific information enhances the stability of the financial system during crises, but has a destabilizing effect in normal economic times. Thus, the regulator optimally increases transparency during crises. Under this policy, however, information disclosure signals a deterioration of economic fundamentals, which gives the regulator ex post incentives to withhold information. This commitment problem precludes a disclosure policy that provides ex ante optimal insurance against aggregate shocks, and can result in excess opacity that increases the likelihood of a systemic crisis.
Entry, Innovation and Exit. Evidence from the LAN switch Industry

We investigate whether the form of exit is triggered by the form of entry and technical expertise, an exercise which has been persistently missing in the literature, for a sample of 121 firms in the LAN switch industry. We find that pre-entry experience, technical expertise, and intangible assets are important determinants of firm survival. Extending the analysis to the case of heterogeneous exit, we find that firms with high pre-entry experience and higher technical expertise are more likely to exit by acquisition than by failure. Conversely, possessing a larger intangible capital and previous experience in related markets does not lead to a higher probability of being acquired.