Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Optimal Design of Fixture Clamping Sequence

Considering the great impacts of the application sequence of multiclamps on the workpiece machining accuracy, this paper analyzes and optimizes clamping sequence. A new methodology that takes into account the varying contact forces and friction force during clamping is presented for the first time. A new analysis model is established to capture the effect of clamping sequence on contact force distributions and workpiece machining accuracy. It reveals that the historical accumulation of clamping steps influences heavily the final distribution of contact forces in the workpiece-fixture system. Therefore, the present contact forces in each clamping step are solved incrementally in terms of contact forces of the precedent step by means of the principle of the total complementary energy. Furthermore, based on the fact that the variation of contact forces from one step to another results in different workpiece deformations and position, a novel design model is formulated to select optimally the clamping sequence in order to minimize the workpiece deformation and position errors. Workpieces of low stiffness and high stiffness are investigated separately in order to simplify the modeling of clamping sequence optimization. Some numerical tests are finally demonstrated to validate the proposed model and method. Computational results are discussed and compared with experimental results available in the reference.
Athens Institute for Education and Research ATINER ATINER ' s Conference Paper Series ACC 2018-2562

The traditional wisdom suggests that, while tax authorities prefer more collection, companies use various tools to lower their tax bills. Nonetheless, by studying Chinese private firms, we find that firms with an incentive to develop political connections would like to pay more tax to respond to the government‟s call for additional revenue. Raising the standardized value of provincial fiscal deficit from the 25th percentile to the the 75th percentile in our data increases ETR, on average, by 1.85%, translating into an extra annual tax payment of USD 1.06 million (equivalent to 9.1% of the reported tax expense) for the average firm. The active respondents include those firms who operate in less developed regions and face intense competition from their SOE peers. We also find that active respondents, compared to their peers, get more preferential access to governmentcontrolled resources and as a result, the tax overpayment leads to better future performance. Our study provides general evidence that tax payment as a specific channel through which the government seeks rents and firms pursue political connections in China.
The problem of fit between ecosystems and institutions

An internal combustion engine ignition system wherein both arc-creating and arc-maintaining voltages are applied to the spark plug or plugs through a single ignition transformer energized through a single primary circuit in the well-known "Kettering" circuit. A switch in the primary circuit, preferably a transistor, repeatedly switches "on" and "off" to create a plurality of primary current on and current off events during each ignition period. The ignition coil primary to secondary turns ratio, the duration of the current on and current off events, and the various circuit parameters are chosen (a) to create by transformer action an ignition arc-sustaining potential of sufficient magnitude to maintain a previously initiated ignition arc across the spark plug arc gap as the current builds up during each current on event; (b) to generate an initial high inductive discharge arc-striking voltage spike across the spark plug air gap when the switch is abruptly switched off at the commencement of the subsequent current off event; and (c) to create a sustained arc-maintaining voltage for the balance of the switch off event after the arc is struck due to the inductive current decrement under arcing conditions. As a consequence of this action, the arc is normally struck at the inception of the first off event and is maintained until after the last on event, and at the same time the arc may be restruck at the commencement of any of the subsequent off events should it go out.
Big Five Traits Related to Short-Term Mating: From Personality to Promiscuity across 46 Nations

As part of the International Sexuality Description Project, 13,243 participants from 46 nations responded to self-report measures of personality and mating behavior. Several traits showed consistent links with short-term mating. Extraversion positively correlated with interest in short-term mating, unrestricted sociosexuality, having engaged in short-term mate poaching attempts, having succumbed to short-term poaching attempts of others, and lacking relationship exclusivity. Low levels of agreeableness and conscientiousness also related to short-term mating, especially with extra-pair mating. Neuroticism and openness were associated with short-term mating as well, but these links were less consistent across sex and nation. Nation-level links between personality and sexuality replicated within-region findings, such as the strong association between national extraversion and national sociosexuality. Discussion focuses on the origins of personality-sexuality links and their implications across nations.
EVALUATION OF ATROPINE-XYLAZINE-PROPOFOL-HALOTHANE ANAESTHESIA IN BUFFALOES UNDERGOING DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIORRHAPHY

A combination of atropine-xylazine-propofol-halothane was evaluated in five buffaloes undergoing diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy. Xylazine (0.04 mg/kg, IM) was used as a preanaesthetic agent after 15 min of atropine (0.04 mg/kg, IM) administration. Anaesthesia was induced with 1% propofol given intravenously ‘till effect’ and was maintained with halothane with 100% oxygen. Overall higher score was obtained for premedication and induction while lower score for maintenance, sedation, analgesia and muscle relaxation. There was a non-significant change in rectal temperature and heart rate during the entire period of experiment. Rapid and shallow respirations were observed during anaesthesia with a significant increase in respiratory rate at recovery. There was a significant decrease in haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocytes count, total platelet count and platelet concentration after 15 min of halothane administration. A non-significant hyperglycemia was observed during anaesthesia till recovery. There was a significant increase in triglycerides at 5 min of propofol administration, while a significant decrease in alanine aminotransferase, total plasma proteins, albumin and potassium levels at 15 min of halothane administration was observed. In conclusion, atropine-xylazinepropofol-halothane anaesthesia can be used in buffaloes undergoing diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy with no major alterations in body vital functions but supplementation of specific analgesics is needed during surgical manipulations.
Solution convergence of flow over steep topography in a numerical model of canyon upwelling

[1] The convergence as resolution is increased is examined for a numerical model simulation of upwelling over a continental shelf canyon. A series of idealized one- and two-dimensional models are used to plot the dependence of bottom Ekman layer velocity structure and transport on model resolution. Using these results as a guide, a bottom Ekman layer-resolving three-dimensional numerical model is constructed. This model is used to simulate a laboratory model of canyon upwelling. Alongshore velocity, volume of fluid upwelled through the canyon onto the shelf, and change in depth of the canyon water are examined at three grid resolutions. Numerical model particle trajectories are compared with a laboratory model of canyon upwelling to validate the model. The results suggest that current computational cluster power is sufficient to accurately simulate all aspects of upwelling in a steep canyon with the exception of flow separation from the canyon wall.
Toxic effect of herbicides used for water hyacinth control on two insects released for its biological control in South Africa

Abstract The integrated control of water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Martius) Solms-Laubach (Pontederiaceae) has become necessary in South Africa, as biological control alone is perceived to be too slow in controlling the weed. In total, seven insect biological control agents have been released on water hyacinth in South Africa. At the same time, herbicides are applied by the water authorities in areas where the weed continues to be troublesome. This study investigated the assumption that the two control methods are compatible by testing the direct toxicity of a range of herbicide formulations and surfactants on two of the biological control agents released against water hyacinth, the weevil, Neochetina eichhorniae Warner (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and the water hyacinth mirid, Eccritotarsus catarinensis (Carvalho) (Hemiptera: Miridae). A number of the formulations used resulted in significant mortality of the mirid and the weevil. Products containing 2,4-D amine and diquat as active ingredients caused higher mortality of both agents (up to 80% for the mirid) than formulations containing glyphosate. Furthermore, when surfactants were added to enhance herbicide efficiency, it resulted in increased toxicity to the insects. We recommend that glyphosate formulations should be used in integrated control programmes, and that surfactants be avoided in order to reduce the toxic nature of spray formulations to the insect biological control agents released against water hyacinth.
Alvarado score: A valuable clinical tool for diagnosis of acute appendicitis –a retrospective study -

Received 01 May 2013 Accepted 12 July 2013 Early online 25 July 2013 Print 31 August 2013 Appendicitis is a common surgical emergency and diagnosis is still a great challenge. Accurate diagnosis and timely intervention reduces morbidity and mortality. The present study was conducted to evaluate Alvarado scoring system for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in Indian set up. The study was carried out on 200 patients admitted in Surgery ward between January 2009 and December 2010 with right lower quadrant abdominal pain. Alvarado score was calculated and all patients were divided in three groups. Mean age of presentation was 29.12 years and male to female ratio was 1.27:1. Higher the Alvarado score, more is the sensitivity. So patients having score 7 or above had sensitivity of 66%. We conclude that Alvarado score is unique since it incorporates signs, symptoms and laboratory findings of suspicious patients. Alvarado score can be utilized safely for diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Corresponding author
New methods for computing power system dynamic response for real-time transient stability prediction

Using new systems capable of making synchronized phasor measurements, the real-time stability assessment of a transient event in power systems has become an important area of investigation. Using these phasor measurements as input conditions for computing a relatively good, simplified dynamic model can yield accurate and real-time transient stability prediction in a central location equipped with high-speed computers. In an effort to reduce the computing time for integrating the differential/algebraic equation (DAE) model of postfault power system dynamics for prediction use, this paper presents a faster implicitly decoupled PQ integration technique. Two piecewise dynamic equivalents are also proposed, i.e., piecewise constant current load equivalent and piecewise constant transfer admittance equivalent. These equivalents can eliminate the algebraic equations by approximating the load flow solution piecewisely such that only internal generator buses are preserved, while approximately retaining the characteristics of the nonlinear loads. The proposed techniques have been tested on two sample power systems with promising simulation results.
Diamagnetism of Bulk Graphite Revised

Recently published structural analysis and galvanomagnetic studies of a large number of different bulk and mesoscopic graphite samples of high quality and purity reveal that the common picture assuming graphite samples as a semimetal with a homogeneous carrier density of conduction electrons is misleading. These new studies indicate that the main electrical conduction path occurs within 2D interfaces embedded in semiconducting Bernal and/or rhombohedral stacking regions. This new knowledge incites us to revise experimentally and theoretically the diamagnetism of graphite samples. We found that the c-axis susceptibility of highly pure oriented graphite samples is not really constant, but can vary several tens of percent for bulk samples with thickness t ≳ 30 μ m, whereas by a much larger factor for samples with a smaller thickness. The observed decrease of the susceptibility with sample thickness qualitatively resembles the one reported for the electrical conductivity and indicates that the main part of the c-axis diamagnetic signal is not intrinsic to the ideal graphite structure, but it is due to the highly conducting 2D interfaces. The interpretation of the main diamagnetic signal of graphite agrees with the reported description of its galvanomagnetic properties and provides a hint to understand some magnetic peculiarities of thin graphite samples.
Validity of Oral Hygiene Behaviour Index Kannada Version among Young Adolescents in Bangalore, India - A Cross Sectional Study.

Objective: To translate the original English version of oral hygiene behaviour Index (OHB) into Kannada and to assess its validity and reliability. Methods: After translation into Kannada, a total of 200 students aged 14-15 years established acceptable validity and reliability. The questionnaire was used to record about socio-demographic information and oral hygiene behaviour. Clinical examination included assessment of oral hygiene by using Oral Hygiene Index- Simplified. Results: Its respective psychometric properties were assessed by using Content validity, face validity. Internal consistency and homogeneity between the OHB items were assessed by using Cronbach’s alpha (0.77). OHB index was found to correlate with OHI-S index score, the correlation coefficient value was 0.83. Conclusion: OHB index can be used as a valuable instrument to measure oral hygiene behaviour among Kannada speaking population.
Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy With And Without Silicone Stent: A Comparative Study

The surgical outcomes of Endoscopic Endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) were analyzed in forty patients of chronic dacryocystitis out of which silicone stent was used in 20 cases. Surgical success was evaluated both subjectively as well as objectively. The success rate was 85% with stent and 90% without stent. Furthermore the use of stent was found to be associated with granulation tissue formation, patient discomfort and increased risk of complications. So we recommend endoscopic DCR without silicone stent as the treatment of choice in cases of chronic dacryocystitis.
The person-based nature of prejudice: Individual difference predictors of intergroup negativity

Person-based factors influence a range of meaningful life outcomes, including intergroup processes, and have long been implicated in explaining prejudice. In addition to demonstrating significant heritability, person-based factors are evident in expressions of generalised prejudice, a robust finding that some people (relative to others) consistently score higher in prejudice towards multiple outgroups. Our contemporary review includes personality factors, ideological orientations (e.g., authoritarianism), religiosity, anxiety, threat, disgust sensitivity, and cognitive abilities and styles. Meta-analytic syntheses demonstrate that such constructs consistently predict prejudice, often at the upper bounds of effect sizes observed in psychological research. We conclude that prejudice theories need to better integrate person- and situation-based factors, including their interaction, to capture the complexity of prejudice and inform intervention development.
Is the Export-led Growth Hypothesis Valid for an Export-oriented Economy? Korean Experience

The export-led growth hypothesis has been examined for the Korean economy that heavily depended on international trade. We employed a textbook-style regression model and found that export expansion had an insignificant effect on economic growth. The insignificant growth effect was robust across sample periods and model specifications. We further employed an instrumental variable (IV) for export growth and found that the causal effect was strengthened but not large enough to be statistically significant. Our results thus appear to be at odds with the findings of export-led growth in the existing literature. A separate model was estimated further for growth-driven exports, but the feedback effect of GDP growth on export expansion was also found to be small and insignificant. Perhaps, the discrepancy might be due to fancy time-series techniques used in the literature that may distort causal directions erratically.
Maastrichtian to Paleocene depositional environment of the Dakhla Formation, Western Desert, Egypt: sedimentology, mineralogy, and integrated micro- and macrofossil biostratigraphies

Abstract Integrated sedimentology, mineralogy, geochemistry, and microfossil and macrofossil biostratigraphies of the Maastrichtian–early Paleocene Dakhla Formation of the Western Desert, Egypt, provide improved age resolution, information on the cyclic nature of sediment deposition, and the reconstruction of depositional environments. Age control based on integrated biostratigraphies of planktic foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils and macrofossils yields the following ages for stratigraphic and lithologic sequences. The contact between the Duwi and Dakhla formations marks the Campanian/Maastrichtian boundary (zone CF8a/b boundary) and is dated at about 71 Ma. The age of the Dakhla Formation is estimated to span from 71 Ma at the base to about 63 Ma at the top (zones CF8a–Plc). The Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) boundary is within the upper unit of the Kharga Shale Member and marked by a hiatus that spans from 64.5 Ma in the lower Paleocene (base Plc) to at least 65.5 Ma (base CF2, base M. prinsii zones) in the upper Maastrichtian at Gebel Gifata, the type locality of the Dakhla Formation. As a result, the Bir Abu Minqar horizon, deposited between about 64.2 and 64.5 Ma (Plc(l) zone), directly overlies the K/T boundary hiatus. Major hiatuses also span the late Maastrichtian–early Paleocene in sections to the northwest ( c . 61.2–65.5 Ma at North El Qasr, c . 61.2–69 Ma at Bir Abu Minqar and c . 61.2–65.5 Ma at Farafra), and reflect increased tectonic activity. During the Maastrichtian–early Paleocene a shallow sea covered the Western Desert of Egypt and the clastic sediment source was derived primarily from tectonic activity of the Gilf El Kebir spur to the southwest of Dakhla and the Bahariya arch. Uplift in the region resulted in major hiatuses in the late Maastrichtian–early Paleocene with increased erosion to the southwest. The area was located near the palaeoequator and experienced warm, wet, tropical to subtropical conditions characterized by low seasonality contrasts and predominantly chemical weathering (high kaolinite and smectite). A change towards perennially more humid conditions with enhanced runoff (increased kaolinite) occurred towards the end of the Maastrichtian and in the early Paleocene with shallow seas fringed by Nypa palm mangroves. Sediment deposition was predominantly cyclic, consisting of alternating sandstone/shale cycles with unfossiliferous shales deposited during sea-level highstands in inner neritic to lagoonal environments characterized by euryhaline, dysaerobic or low oxygen conditions. Fossiliferous calcareous sandstone layers were deposited in well-oxygenated shallow waters during sea-level lowstand periods.
Study of Nutritional Status of Tribal & Non Tribal Marginal Farm Women

The present study was carried out on300 marginal farm women of Raigarh district of Chhattisgarh State in India. The district comprises of 9 blocks, out of which two tribal and two non tribal blocks were selected for the study. The marginal farm women aged 18-45 years were selected by purposive random sampling method. The data were collected with the help of self developed, pretested questionnaire. Height and weight of the subjects was taken using standard technique. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated from height and weight measurement. The study revealed that there was no significant difference between average heights of both tribal and non tribal women but as far as weight and BMI is concerned; the figures were higher for non-tribal farm women than their tribal counterparts. It was also concluded that both the groups of farm women had lower weights and heights when compared to recommendations of Indian Council of Medical Research. (55 kg as average body weight and 151cm as average height.)
Relations between auditory brainstem response and threshold metrics in normal and hearing-impaired listeners

Proceedings of ISAAR 2015: Individual Hearing Loss – Characterization, Modelling, Compensation Strategies. 5th symposium on Auditory and Audiological Research. August 2015, Nyborg, Denmark. Edited by S. Santurette, T. Dau, J. C. Dalsgaard, L. Tranebjærg, and T. Andersen. ISBN: 978-87-990013-5-4. The Danavox Jubilee Foundation, 2015. Relations between auditory brainstem response and threshold metrics in normal and hearing-impaired listeners
DINOSAUR GASTRALIA; ORIGIN, MORPHOLOGY, AND FUNCTION

Abstract Gastralia are dermal ossifications situated in the ventral abdominal wall. Gastralia may be plesiomorphic for tetrapods, but are only retained in extant Crocodylia and Sphenodon, and possibly as part of the chelonian plastron. In contrast to previously published reports, a similar structural configuration of the gastralia is shared throughout prosauropods and (non-ornithurine) theropods. Within the Prosauropoda and Theropoda, the gastralial system consists of approximately 8 to 21 metameric rows. Each row consists of four bones: two lateral and two medial rods. Gastralia of the cranialmost or caudalmost rows may coalesce, forming a median chevron-shaped gastralium. The lateral gastralia articulate in parallel with the medial gastralia in an elongated groove. The medial gastralia imbricate with contralateral gastralia along the ventral midline, creating a series of cranially directed chevrons. Thus all the gastralia are connected to one another, and operate as a single functional unit. The bones recently identified as sauropod gastralia show no morphological similarities with the gastralia of prosauropods and theropods and are probably sternal elements. No gastralia have been recovered in the Ornithischia. In contrast to the reduction of the gastralia in other amniote groups, theropod gastralia show elaborate modification. The anatomy of the gastralial system indicates a more active function than abdominal support or protection. The gastralia may have affected the shape and volume of the trunk in theropods, and may have functioned as an accessory component of the aspiration pump, increasing tidal volume. Moreover, if the caudal region of the lungs in some theropods had differentiated to form abdominal air-sacs, the gastralia might have ventilated them. Gastralial aspiration may have been linked to the generation of small pressure differences between potential cranial and caudal lung diverticula, which may have been important for the evolution of the unidirectional airflow lung of birds.