Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bsava Manual Of Canine And Feline Thoracic Imaging

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Genome-wide scan identifies novel genetic loci regulating salivary metabolite levels

Identification of hundreds of genetic loci involved in the regulation of blood metabolites has provided unprecedented insights into the pathogenesis of complex human diseases. Saliva, as a biofluid, is inexpensive and non-invasive to obtain, and provides a vital tool to investigate the interplay between oral health and systemic diseases. Here we report a genome-wide association analysis exploring 476 salivary metabolites in 1,419 subjects of European ancestry from the TwinsUK cohort (discovery phase). A total of 14 salivary metabolites were significantly associated (p<10−10) with genetic variants that mapped to 11 distinct loci, findings that by and large replicated in an independent cohort (the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-2)). A number of the locus-metabolite associations that were identified, including the ones for the AGMAT (with the metabolites 4-guanidinobutanoate and beta-guanidinopropanoate), ATP13A5 (with the metabolite creatinine) and DPYS (with the metabolites 3-ureidopropionate and 3-ureidoisobutyrate) loci, were novel i.e. they have not been reported previously for blood metabolites. Our study, thus, suggests that there might exist biological processes that are specific to the regulation of the salivary metabolome. In addition, some of our findings might have clinical relevance, such as the utility of the pyrimidine (uracil) degradation metabolites in predicting 5-fluorouracil toxicity and the role of the agmatine pathway metabolites as biomarkers of oral health.
MRI or FDG PET-CT for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinomas –what do you choose? : A pictorial review

Poster: "ECR 2016 / C-0674 / MRI or FDG PET-CT for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinomas –what do you choose? : A pictorial review" by: "A. S. KAWTHALKAR1, A. Mahajan2, S. Arya2; 1MUMBAI, MA/IN, 2MUMBAI, MAHARASHTRA/IN"
Viscoelastic Blood Tests Use in Adult Cardiac Surgery: Meta-Analysis, Meta-Regression, and Trial Sequential Analysis.

OBJECTIVES Postoperative hemorrhage in cardiac surgery is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Standard laboratory tests fail as predictors for bleeding in the surgical setting. The use of viscoelastic (VE) hemostatic assays thromboelastography (TEG) and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) could be an advantage in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The objective of this meta-analysis was to analyze the effects (benefits and harms) of VE-guided transfusion practice in cardiac surgery patients. DESIGN A meta-analysis of randomized trials. SETTING For this study, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Collaboration database were searched, and only randomized controlled trials were included. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed in accordance with the standards set forth by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, using a random-effects model. PARTICIPANTS The study comprised adult cardiac surgery patients. INTERVENTIONS VE-hemostatic assays transfusion algorithm compared with transfusion algorithms based on clinicians' discretion. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Seven comparative randomized controlled trials were considered, including a total of 1,035 patients (522 patients in whom a TEG- or ROTEM-based transfusion algorithm was used). In patients treated according to VE-guided algorithms, red blood cell (odds ratio 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.37-0.99; p: 0.04; I2: 66%) and fresh frozen plasma transfusions (risk difference 0.22; 95% CI: 0.11-0.33; p < 0.0001; I2: 79%) use was reduced; platelets transfusion was not reduced (odds ratio 0.61; 95% CI: 0.32-1.15; p: 0.12; I2 74%). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the use of VE assays in cardiac surgical patients is effective in reducing allogenic blood products exposure, postoperative bleeding at 12 and 24 hours after surgery, and the need for redo surgery unrelated to surgical bleeding.
The Study of the effect of serum zinc level in the mothers and Neonates on neonatal jaundice in al-diwanyia

Background : Zinc has a role in normal growth and development during pregnancy, childhood, and is needed for the proper sense of taste and smell. Studies on animals, adolescents and low birth weight neonates showed that oral zinc salt intake decreased serum bilirubin level, probably through inhibition of the bilirubin enterohepatic circulation. Objective : To study the effect of serum zinc level of the newborn and their mothers on neonatal jaundice. Patient and methods A case control study included a total 130, 65 with jaundice and 65 healthy neonates with their mothers. The study was carried out from May to October 2016 at ALhussein hospital for children in Al-Diwanyia city. For all neonates serum zinc, total serum bilirubin, hematocrit, blood group typing and Rhesus were carried out. Serum zinc for the mothers also was measured . Results : Serum zinc in jaundiced neonates was significantly lower than non jaundiced neonates (P<0.05). One hundred and nine mothers out of 130 mothers have low serum zinc. In multipara, zinc deficiency was more frequent in the mothers of both groups and P value (0.69). There was no significant difference was in mean serum zinc level when gestational age was taken into consideration (full term versus pre-term) (P>0.05). Conclusions : This study showed that serum concentration of zinc in neonates with jaundice was significantly lower than that in healthy control.
Successful long-term treatment of non–small cell lung cancer positive for RET rearrangement with pemetrexed

Abstract The discovery of RET rearrangement in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has prompted development of molecularly targeted therapy for such tumors, with several clinical trials being under way to evaluate the therapeutic effects of multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The sensitivity of RET fusion–positive NSCLC to cytotoxic chemotherapy has remained unclear, however. We here report a case of NSCLC positive for the CCDC6-RET fusion gene that benefited from treatment with pemetrexed over a period of 30 months, suggesting that thymidylate synthase–targeted drugs such as pemetrexed may show efficacy for NSCLC harboring RET fusions.
Online Auctions in IaaS Clouds: Welfare and Profit Maximization With Server Costs

Auction design has recently been studied for dynamic resource bundling and virtual machine (VM) provisioning in IaaS clouds, but is mostly restricted to one-shot or offline setting. This paper targets a more realistic case of online VM auction design, where: 1) cloud users bid for resources into the future to assemble customized VMs with desired occupation durations, possibly located in different data centers; 2) the cloud provider dynamically packs multiple types of resources on heterogeneous physical machines (servers) into the requested VMs; 3) the operational costs of servers are considered in resource allocation; and 4) both social welfare and the cloud provider’s net profit are to be maximized over the system running span. We design truthful, polynomial time auctions to achieve social welfare maximization and/or the provider’s profit maximization with good competitive ratios. Our mechanisms consist of two main modules: 1) an online primal-dual optimization framework for VM allocation to maximize the social welfare with server costs, and for revealing the payments through the dual variables to guarantee truthfulness and 2) a randomized reduction algorithm to convert the social welfare maximizing auctions to ones that provide a maximal expected profit for the provider, with competitive ratios comparable to those for social welfare. We adopt a new application of Fenchel duality in our primal-dual framework, which provides richer structures for convex programs than the commonly used Lagrangian duality, and our optimization framework is general and expressive enough to handle various convex server cost functions. The efficacy of the online auctions is validated through careful theoretical analysis and trace-driven simulation studies.
Validity of Heart Rate Measurements in a Fitbit Charge 2 and Apple iWatch in a Free-Living Setting

The purpose of this investigation was to investigate the validity of heart rate (HR) measurements in Fitbit Charge 2 (FBC2) and Apple iWatch (AW). Fifty-two healthy adults wore 7 activity monitors while engaging in a normal daily activity free-living data collection for a twenty-four-hour period. HR criterion measures were collected by a Polar H7 HR chest strap monitor. For estimating whole-HR validity, the mean absolute percent errors were smaller in magnitude for sedentary behavior, moderate physical activity, and vigorous physical activity for the FBC2 (4%, 10%, 14%) compared to the AW (7%, 10%, 16%). Bland-Altman analysis revealed both FBC2 and AW tended to underestimate HR measurement values. FBC2 was considered in agreement for sedentary behavior and moderate intensity physical activity. To a lesser degree, AW was considered in agreement for sedentary behavior and moderate intensity physical activity. Both FBC2 and AW had a weak-moderate correlation for vigorous intensity physical activity (rFBC2=0.49, p= <0.0001 and rAW=0.49, p=<0.0001). The FBC2 and AW should be used with caution, however they have reasonable validity for tracking general exercise behavior in the adult consumer population. The FBC2 and AW should not be used interchangeably with laboratory gold standards in a research capacity.
Clinical Evaluation of Melorheostosis in the Context of a Natural History Clinical Study

Melorheostosis is a rare dysostosis involving cortical bone overgrowth that affects the appendicular skeleton. Patients present with pain, deformities, contractures, range of motion limitation(s), and limb swelling. It has been described in children as well as adults. We recently identified somatic mosaicism for gain‐of‐function mutations in MAP2K1 in patients with melorheostosis. Despite these advances in genetic understanding, there are no effective therapies or clinical guidelines to help clinicians and patients in disease management. In a study to better characterize the clinical and genetic aspects of the disease, we recruited 30 adults with a radiographic appearance of melorheostosis and corresponding increased uptake on 18F‐NaF positron emission tomography (PET)/CT. Patients underwent physical exam, imaging studies, and laboratory assessment. All patients underwent nerve conduction studies and ultrasound imaging of the nerve in the anatomic distribution of melorheostosis. We found sensory deficits in approximately 77% of patients, with evidence of focal nerve entrapment in five patients. All patients reported pain; 53% of patients had changes in skin overlying the affected bone. No significant laboratory abnormalities were noted. Our findings suggest that patients with melorheostosis may benefit from a multidisciplinary team of dermatologists, neurologists, orthopedic surgeons, pain and palliative care specialists, and physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists. Future studies focused on disease management are needed. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Extending the Reach of AND/OR Search for Optimization over Graphical Models

OF THE DISSERTATION Extending the Reach of AND/OR Search for Optimization over Graphical Models By Lars P. Otten Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science University of California, Irvine, 2013 Professor Rina Dechter, Chair This thesis presents substantial enhancements to the state of the art in combinatorial optimization over graphical models. Our contributions are relevant in the context of both exact and approximate reasoning over Bayesian and Markov networks, weighted constraint satisfaction problems, and other related queries. While the focus of this work is on probabilistic and constraint inference, we also draw from the areas of distributed computing and statistical learning. Relevant practical applications we consider include genetic linkage analysis, protein side-chain prediction, medical diagnosis, resource scheduling, and signal processing. We extend AND/OR Branch-and-Bound (AOBB), a leading algorithm for optimization queries over graphical models. AOBB applies the principle of depth-first branch-and-bound to AND/OR search spaces, which exploit conditional independencies via problem decomposition and merge unifiable subproblems through caching of partial solutions. This thesis presents fundamental extensions to AOBB in three regards. First, we significantly improve the applicability of AOBB as an approximation scheme. We analyze and demonstrate the inherent conflict between problem decomposition (through AND/OR search spaces) and the anytime behavior of AOBB and depth-first search in general. We introduce a new algorithm, Breadth-Rotating AND/OR Branch-and-Bound
Prevalence and Severity of Menopausal Symptoms and the Quality of Life in Middle-aged Women: A Study from Sri Lanka

Menopausal symptoms and quality of life (QOL) of pre- and postmenopausal women in Sri Lanka have not been studied adequately. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and the QOL of pre- and postmenopausal women in Galle District, Sri Lanka. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a randomly selected sample of premenopausal (n=184) and postmenopausal (n=166) community-dwelling healthy women aged 30-60 years. The mean (SD) ages of pre- and postmenopausal women, respectively, were 46.1(3.7) and 55.8(3.8) years. Menopausal symptoms were evaluated using the menopause rating scale under three subscales: psychological symptoms, somatovegetative symptoms, and urogenital symptoms. The QOL was evaluated using the short form 36 survey under eight domains. Further, sociodemographic status, gynaecologic factors, physical activity pattern (walking, moderate, and vigorous), body mass index, and waist to hip ratio were also evaluated. The prevalence and severity of all the menopausal symptoms were higher among postmenopausal women. In premenopausal women, the most frequently reported menopausal symptoms were mental exhaustion (49.5%), joint and muscular discomforts (48.5%), and irritability (41.3%). Physical and mental exhaustion (53%), irritability (48.2%), depressive mood (43.4%), and hot flushes (42.2%) were the most frequently reported menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women. The QOL was significantly impaired among postmenopausal women [mean (SD); 57.47(18.83)] compared to premenopausal women [mean (SD); 66.82(17.93)] (p<0.001). Psychological symptoms score and somatovegetative symptoms score were associated with the QOL of premenopausal women (adjusted R2; 0.35). Somatovegetative symptoms score, psychological symptoms score, moderate and vigorous physical activity scores, and monthly income were associated with the QOL in postmenopausal women (adjusted R2; 0.38). The current study showed that the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and impaired QOL were significantly higher among postmenopausal women, compared to premenopausal women. Menopausal symptoms mostly contributed to the poorer QOL in both pre- and postmenopausal women.
A novel image protection scheme using bit-plane compression and secret sharing

Abstract It is quite a challenge to remember or privately store the key for encrypting the secret image. Moreover, the encrypted image may arouse the invaders’ suspicion. In this paper, a novel secret image sharing scheme with additional steganography and repairable capabilities is proposed using the bit-plane compression and Lagrange interpolation formula. The proposal suggests the user to select an ostensible image, for example, a famous character image, as the cover image to camouflage his secret image to enhance the security. Specifically, a protected image is divided into three shares and hidden in the cover image to create the meaningful shadow images. Then, three shadow images are distributed to three different devices, for example, the smartphone, the laptop, and the cloud storage. By collecting any two shadow images, the user can losslessly retrieve the original secret image and the cover image. In addition, the proposed scheme is easily repairable when the smartphone or laptop is lost. The system analysis shows that the proposal not only achieves theoretical information security, but also is technically practical.
[Prevalence of the early onset of maternal breastfeeding].

Introducción: el momento en que el recién nacido recibe la primera toma no ha sido estudiado de modo explícito y se necesitan investigaciones para evaluar las medidas de apoyo a la lactancia. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia del inicio precoz de la lactancia materna (IPLM) y analizar su relación con distintos factores maternos y del recién nacido. Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal realizado durante tres años en un hospital público. La base de datos utilizada para el estudio procedió de un registro clínico electrónico. Se realizó un análisis univariado descriptivo de todas las variables y se analizó la relación existente entre el IPLM con distintos parámetros maternos y del recién nacido mediante el test de Fisher. Resultados: nuestros resultados mostraron que la prevalencia de un IPLM fue de un 88,4%, de un total de 2.683 nacimientos incluidos en el estudio. Además, se encontró asociación significativa entre este IPLM y distintos factores maternos, como la paridad (p = 0,05) y las semanas de gestación (p = 0,047), excepto con la edad (p = 0,522). Igualmente, se encontró una asociación fuerte con todos los factores del niño (p = 0,000), como el peso, el color del líquido amniótico, el test de Apgar al minuto y a los cinco minutos, el tipo de reanimación que precisaba o la necesidad de ingreso en la unidad neonatal. Conclusiones: la tasa de IPLM en nuestro ámbito de estudio es alta y está influenciada por distintos factores maternos y del recién nacido.
Software Defect Prediction Based on Fourier Learning

Modern software systems have grown significantly in their size and complexity, therefore software systems have more and more potential defects. Software defect prediction uses a defect data set to build a predictive model, where the data set is composed of software defect metrics. Then, this predictive model is used to predict potential defect program modules in the project. This paper uses the Fourier expression of Boolean function to build a software defect prediction model. We provide the algorithms to calculate the Fourier coefficients and get the predicted function which can predict software defect. And, we compare the Fourier learning algorithm with the traditional machine learning algorithms, such as the random forest algorithm. Finally, the experiment results show that the Fourier learning algorithm is not only better than other algorithms, but also more stable.
viSQLizer: An interactive visualizer for learning SQL

Structed Query Language (SQL) is used for interaction between database technology and its users. In higher education, students often struggle with understanding the underlying logic of SQL, thus have trouble with understanding how and why a result table is created from a query. A prototype of a visual learning tool for SQL, viSQLizer, has been developed to determine if visualizations could help students create a mental model and thus enhance their understanding of the underlying logic of SQL. Trough the use of animations and decomposing, our results indicate that visualizations might give students a better understanding of the underlying logic, and that students gain the same learning outcome through visualizations as when using a online tutorial with explanatory text and exercises. Feedback from both professors and students from conducted interviews and experiments indicate that the tool could be used by professors as a visualization tool in lectures, and by students as an practical tool; not as a replacement of but as an addition to traditional teaching methods.
Modeling communities of experts - Conceptual grounding of expertise

Finding ways in which communities of experts can benefit from each other is a question shared by the machine learning community and social sciences alike. Considerable research in machine learning methods has shown that communities of experts can provide consistently better classifications and decisions than single experts in various tasks and domains. Our aim is to extend the perspective on communities of experts to cover the wider context of socio-cognitive research. In particular, we discuss the sociocognitive research on the formation and use of expertise in relation to the modeling of concept formation, integration and use in human and artificial agents. We present three case studies related to problem solving and decision making in environmental policy, medical care, and consumer research. We present a methodological framework for the computational modeling of the phenomena described above. A specific emphasis is on unsupervised statistical machine learning of heterogeneous conceptual spaces in multi-agent systems and on the application of such conceptual expert knowledge.
Vitamin K, Vascular Calcification, and Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Evidence and Unanswered Questions

ABSTRACT More than 15% of the US population is currently >65 y old. As populations age there is a concomitant increase in age-related chronic diseases. One such disease is chronic kidney disease (CKD), which becomes more prevalent with age, especially over age 70 y. Individuals with CKD are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, in part because arterial calcification increases as kidney function declines. Vitamin K is a shortfall nutrient among older adults that has been implicated in arterial calcification. Evidence suggests CKD patients have low vitamin K status, but data are equivocal because the biomarkers of vitamin K status can be influenced by CKD. Animal studies provide more compelling data on the underlying role of vitamin K in arterial calcification associated with CKD. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the strengths and limitations of the available evidence regarding the role of vitamin K in CKD.
Potential Role of HMGCS2 in Tumor Angiogenesis in Colorectal Cancer and Its Potential Use as a Diagnostic Marker

Objective HMGCS2 is the rate-limiting enzyme of ketogenesis, which is vital for tumor initiation or metastasis. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between HMGCS2 and tumor angiogenesis. Materials and Methods The study consisted of 100 cases with colorectal cancer and healthy control, the expression of HMGCS2 and the microvessel density (MVD) (marker: CD31) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and tube formation, and the centration of β-hydroxybutyrate in serum was assessed by biochemical analysis. Results The results showed that HMGCS2 expression is significantly reduced in colorectal cancer compared with healthy control, which is inversely correlated with MVD in colorectal cancer by IHC analysis. What is more, knockdown HMGCS2 expression in HT-29 cells significantly contributed endothelial cell tube formation. Conclusion These findings implying HMGCS2 may have a negative regulation of tumor angiogenesis and provide an approach to inhibit tumor angiogenesis.