Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Very high aspect ratio through-silicon vias (TSVs) fabricated using automated magnetic assembly of nickel wires

Through-silicon via (TSV) technology enables 3D-integrated devices with higher performance and lower cost as compared to 2D-integrated systems. This is mainly due to smaller dimensions of the package and shorter internal signal lengths with lower capacitive, resistive and inductive parasitics. This paper presents a novel low-cost fabrication technique for metal-filled TSVs with very high aspect ratios (>20). Nickel wires are placed in via holes of a silicon wafer by an automated magnetic assembly process and are used as a conductive path of the TSV. This metal filling technique enables the reliable fabrication of through-wafer vias with very high aspect ratios and potentially eliminates characteristic cost drivers in the TSV production such as advanced metallization processes, wafer thinning and general issues associated with thin-wafer handling.
ASYMPTOTIC DIMENSIONS OF SINGLET VERTEX ALGEBRAS

We study relationships between the restricted unrolled quantum group U H q (sl2) at q = e, r ≥ 2, and the singlet vertex operator algebra M(r). We use deformable families of modules to efficiently compute (1, 1)-tangle invariants colored with projective modules of U H q (sl2). These relate to the colored Alexander tangle invariants studied in [6, 39]. It follows that the regularized asymptotic dimensions of characters ofM(r) coincide with the corresponding modified traces of open Hopf link invariants. We also discuss various categorical properties of M(r)-mod in connection to braided tensor categories.
From Gating Models to Dual Mechanisms

© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Published 2017 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The ability to maintain and flexibly regulate thoughts and action plans in pursuit of internally represented behavioural goals is central to the psychological construct of cognitive control and critical to adaptive human behaviour. This ability requires a complex balance between maintaining current goal representations against distracting information, while also flexibly updating these representations as goals and environmental factors change. In the present chapter, we review evidence that the balance between control stability and flexibility is supported by context maintenance in the prefrontal cortex and flexible representation updating via a dopaminergic gating mechanism. We will then discuss how context processing can be understood as supporting dual mechanisms of cognitive control characterised by distinct temporal dynamics, by reviewing evidence for the dual mechanisms of control (DMC) framework (Braver, 2012; Braver, Gray, & Burgess, 2007). We will also outline methodological approaches and tools that have been fruitful in empirical investigation within the DMC framework and discuss future directions for investigation stemming from this perspective. Given past evidence and future directions within this line of research, we propose that the core utility of the DMC framework lies in its ability to account for and generate specific, testable predictions regarding variability in cognitive control dynamics across a broad variety of task paradigms and at multiple levels of analysis.
A 10 kW Solar-Powered Bidirectional EV Charger Compatible With Chademo and COMBO

Charging electric vehicles (EVs) from photovoltaic panels (PV) provides a sustainable future for transportation. This paper presents the development of a 10 kW EV charger that can be powered from both a PV array and the three-phase ac grid. The goal is to realize a high power density and high-efficiency three-port power converter that integrates the EV, PV, and grid and meets the Chademo and combined charging standard/Combo EV charging standards. The EV port is designed to be isolated and bidirectional, so that both charging and vehicle-to-grid can be implemented. As PV and EV are both dc by nature, the converter uses a central dc link to exchange power between the EV and PV, thereby increasing efficiency. The use of silicon carbide devices and powdered alloy core inductors enables high switching frequency and power density. The closed-loop control allows four different power flows: <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{PV}\rightarrow \text{EV}, \text{EV}\rightarrow }$</tex-math></inline-formula> grid, grid <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\rightarrow \text{EV}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{PV}\rightarrow }$</tex-math></inline-formula> grid. Hence, the converter operates as a PV inverter, a bidirectional EV charger, and a combination of both. A 10 kW prototype has been successfully tested, and its experimental waveforms and measured efficiency are presented. It has three times the power density and higher partial and peak load efficiency when compared to existing solutions.
Time-frequency analysis of atrial fibrillation

This licentiate thesis, containing two papers, is in the field of biomedical signal processing with main focus on signal processing of the ECG in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The two papers deal with different aspects of characterization of the f waves during atrial fibrillation. In the fist paper several measures designed to extract features of the f waves are evaluated with respect to their ability to predict spontaneous termination of paroxysmal AF. The fibrillation frequency, the variance of the fibrillation frequency, and the harmonic pattern of the f waves was found to differ significantly between terminating and non-terminating AF. In an independent test set, 90\% of the signals were correctly classified using these measures. In the second paper, a method for improving robustness to noise when tracking the fibrillation frequency is presented. The method, which is based on an hidden Markov model (HMM), is evaluated using simulated AF mixed with different types of real noise obtained from ECG. The results show that the use of a HMM improves performance considerably by reducing the RMS error associated with frequency tracking: at 4~dB signal-to-noise ratio the RMS error drops from 0.2~Hz to 0.04~Hz. (Less)
One-Year Clinical Outcomes of Biodegradable Polymer-Coated Sirolimus-Eluting Coronary Stent System in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Background: The biodegradable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting coro-nary stent (SES) system for the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been implanted in a real-world patient population. Aim: The present study was designed to evaluate the safety and performance of MetaforTM sirolimus- eluting coronary stent (SES) system in consecutive patients with CAD in a real-world patient population. Methods: All the consecutive 251 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary interventions with the use of Metafor sirolimus-eluting stents were included in this study. Patients were clinically/tele- phonically followed-up at one-year from August 2015 to August 2016. We observed and analyzed major adverse cardiac event (MACE) defined as the aggregate of cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), and any target lesion revascularization (TLR) at one-year. Also, stent thrombosis (ST) was observed at one-year patients follow-up. Results: We collected and analyzed the data for 251 patients. Out of 251 participants, 191 (76.1%) were males, 95 (37.8%) patients had diabetes, 117 (46.6%) had ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and 134 (53.4%) had hypertension. Mean patient age was 56.35 ± 11.23 years. A total of 295 lesions were treated, out of which 13.6% of the lesions were the long lesion of ≥40 mm. At one-year, MACE occurred in 4 (1.6%) of 251 patients, consisting of 2 (0.8%) cardiac deaths, 2 (0.8%) MI, and 0 (0%) TLR. Stent thrombosis was reported in one patient (0.4%). Conclusions: This retrospective data demonstrated excellent safety and performance of Metafor SES in a “real-world” consecutive CAD patient, indicating low rates of MACE and ST at one-year follow-up.
Male and Female Differences and the Specificity of Fatigue on Skill Acquisition and Transfer Performance

Coaches are concerned with providing an environment that maximizes skill acquisition and transfer performance. If fatigue is detrimental to skill acquisition and transfer performance, it must be considered in planning practice. Schmidt's (1988) schema theory indicates that formation of schema depends on abstract information about the relationship among initial conditions, response specification, sensory consequences of response, and outcome movement. It follows, therefore, that if practice conditions are authentic and gamelike, then the particular set of response specifications determined by the schema should produce variations of the generalized motor program appropriate for the environmental demands of the game. However, if practice conditions are not specific to the game, then information abstracted from practice might not match the environmental demands of the game. In terms of transfer, if elements of the schema developed during practice conditions are different from those required during the contest, then inappropriate responses are likely to result. Furthermore, Magill (1998) postulated that the practice repetitions should include a variety of performance context situations in which critical regulatory features of the environment occur. Therefore, skill acquisition should occur in
The influence of methodological procedures on hydrological classification performance

Hydrological classification has emerged as a suitable procedure to disentangle the inherent hydrological complexity of river networks. This practice has contributed to determining key biophysical relations in fluvial ecosystems and the effects of flow modification. Thus, a plethora of classification approaches, which agreed in general concepts and methods but differed largely in specific procedures, have emerged in the last decades. However, few studies have compared the implication of applying contrasting approaches and specifications over the same hydrological data. In this work, using cluster analysis and modelling approaches, we classify the entire river network covering the northern third of the Iberian Peninsula. Specifically, we developed classifications of increasing level of detail, ranging from 2 to 20 class levels, either based on raw and normalized daily flow series and using two contrasting approaches to determine class membership: classify-then-predict (ClasF) and predict-then-classify (PredF). Classifications were compared in terms of their statistical strength, the hydrological interpretation, the ability to reduce the bias associated with underrepresented parts of the hydrological space and their spatial correspondnece. The results highlighted that both the data processing and the classification strategy largely influenced the classification outcomes and properties, although differences among procedures were not always statistically significant. The normalization of flow data removed the influence of flow magnitude and generated more complex classifications in which a wider range of hydrologic characteristics were considered. The application of the PredF strategy produced, in most of the cases, classifications with higher discrimination ability and presented greater ability to deal with the presence of distinctive gauges in the data set than using the ClasF strategy.
Leveraging for big data regression

Rapid advance in science and technology in the past decade brings an extraordinary amount of data, offering researchers an unprecedented opportunity to tackle complex research challenges. The opportunity, however, has not yet been fully utilized, because effective and efficient statistical tools for analyzing super‐large dataset are still lacking. One major challenge is that the advance of computing resources still lags far behind the exponential growth of database. To facilitate scientific discoveries using current computing resources, one may use an emerging family of statistical methods, called leveraging. Leveraging methods are designed under a subsampling framework, in which one samples a small proportion of the data (subsample) from the full sample, and then performs intended computations for the full sample using the small subsample as a surrogate. The key of the success of the leveraging methods is to construct nonuniform sampling probabilities so that influential data points are sampled with high probabilities. These methods stand as the very unique development of their type in big data analytics and allow pervasive access to massive amounts of information without resorting to high performance computing and cloud computing. WIREs Comput Stat 2015, 7:70–76. doi: 10.1002/wics.1324
Common fixed point theorems for variants of R-weakly commuting mappings in topologically complete Tychonoff (uniform) spaces

Abstract Three variants of R-weakly commuting mappings in the realm of uniform spaces are defined. Examples are included to reflect upon the distinctiveness of the notions so defined. Common fixed point theorems concerning these variants of R-weakly commuting mappings in the framework of uniform spaces are obtained. This generalizes several known results in the literature including those of Granas and Dugundji [3], Tarafdar [12] and others. Moreover, as a bi-product we obtain several common fixed point theorems which are well in contrast with a common fixed point theorem of Jungck [4] who proved the same for commuting mappings.
Parental Origin and Cell Stage Errors in X-Chromosome Polysomy 49, XXXXY

Parental Origin and Cell Stage Errors in X-Chromosome Polysomy 49, XXXXY Polysomy 49, XXXXY is a rare sex chromosome aneuploidy syndrome characterized by mental retardation, severe speech impairment, craniofacial abnormalities, multiple skeletal defects and genital abnormalities. We describe a patient with 49, XXXXY syndrome who had many characteristics of Fraccaro syndrome; language impairment, mongoloid slant, epicanthal folds, cryptorchidism, umbilical hernia and dysmyelinization in his brain. A GTG-banding technique was used for karyotype analysis of peripheral blood cell cultures. The parental origin of polysomy X was identified by using quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) with seven short tandem repeat (STR) markers specific for the X/Y-chromosome which revealed that all the X-chromosomes were of maternal origin. This report provides evidence for successive non disjunctions in maternal meiosis I and II.
Predicting the Conversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer ́s Disease using Evolution Patterns

Declines in cognitive functions, together with other evidences of neurological degeneration, become increasingly likely as healthy people age [1]. Alzheimer ́s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive deterioration of cognitive function and is the most common cause of dementia in elderly people. Mild Cognitive Impairment is considered a prodromal state that represents the transitional period between normal ageing and dementia. As such is regarded with special attention since it represents higher risk to evolve to dementia. Thus, the definition of this clinical entity is fundamental to the timely administration of pharmaceutics and therapeutic interventions, improving patient’s quality of life. This thesis intends to predict the evolution of MCI patients to AD considering two approaches: the first where all patients are assumed to evolve similarly and the second where patient profiles are considered. Time windows for two to five years are used for prediction. Initially, we used supervised learning methods, using feature selection to effectively decrease the dimensionality of the problem. Then, standard clustering algorithms were applied with the purpose of studying the potential existence of MCI subtypes. The patients were also divided according to their state of depression, based on clinical information. The results demonstrated the importance of considering longer time interval to predict conversion of MCI patients to AD and that the grouping of patients according to their depressive symptoms influences positively the prognosis results. The clustering analyses validated the importance to study MCI subgroups considering the different characteristics of this clinical entity in the prediction models.
The Feature Diﬀerence Coeﬃcient: Classiﬁcation Using Feature Distribution

This paper presents a model of text classiﬁcation using feature frequency distribution. The proposed algorithm oﬀers not only sensitivity to linguistic but also to structure features and calculates a uniﬁed ﬁngerprint for each category. Classiﬁcation is done by ﬁnding the closest match to pre-learned models using a simple distance metric. The approach will be evaluated against three diﬀerent classiﬁcation scenarios.
Almond tree canopy temperature reveals intra-crown variability that is water stress-dependent

Tree water status is often characterized by measuring a few leaves and it is not known to what extent such measurements represent the tree as a whole. We present an assessment of the intra-crown temperature variability and its relationship with water status in two almond cultivars. High-resolution imagery was acquired on 30 June 2009 at 11:30, 14:30, and 16:30 h (solar time) with a thermal camera on-board an aircraft over an almond orchard in Kern County, CA, USA. Ten irrigation levels were applied, ensuring a wide variability in water status, and each was replicated eight times. Stem water potential and stomatal conductance were measured on trees of various irrigation regimes at each flight. Significant variation in canopy temperature was found within each crown, probably reflecting differences in stomatal conductance in different parts of the tree crown. The intra-crown standard deviation of canopy temperature (intra-crown Tc) increased from fully irrigated trees to intermediate irrigation levels, diminishing afterwards in the most stressed treatments. Mean canopy temperature was well correlated with stomatal conductance and stem water potential (R2 above 0.65). In trees that had similar mean canopy temperature, intra-crown Tc correlated well with tree water status. Our results quantified in detail the spatial variability in surface temperatures that exists within almond tree crowns and suggest that the intra-crown temperature variation may be a useful indicator of the onset of tree water stress. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Bioelectrical impedance analysis as a laboratory activity: At the interface of physics and the body

We present a novel laboratory activity on RC circuits aimed at introductory physics students in life-science majors. The activity teaches principles of RC circuits by connecting ac-circuit concepts to bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using a custom-designed educational BIA device. The activity shows how a BIA device works and how current, voltage, and impedance measurements relate to bioelectrical characteristics of the human body. From this, useful observations can be made including body water, fat-free mass, and body fat percentage. The laboratory is engaging to pre-health and life-science students, as well as engineering students who are given the opportunity to observe electrical components and construction of a commonly used biomedical device. Electrical concepts investigated include alternating current, electrical potential, resistance, capacitance, impedance, frequency, phase shift, device design, and the use of such topics in biomedical analysis.
PREVENTING AND TREATING ADHESIONS IN FOALS

Key Points  Postoperative abdominal adhesions in foals continue to be a source of frustration to surgeons.  An emphasis should be placed on adhesion prevention because treatment of adhesions once they have formed is unrewarding, costly, and associated with high patient morbidity and mortality.  Atraumatic surgical technique and a number of pharmacologic agents and devices have demonstrated efficacy in minimizing the incidence of postoperative adhesion formation.
Impairment in Clinical Indices in Acute Organophosphate Insecticide Poisoning Patients in India

This report defines with the impairment in clinical indices and laboratory investigations in acute organophosphate poisoning patients admitted to Outdoor Patient Department of B.J. Medical College and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad – 380016, India. Out of 121 OP poisoning patients (65.3% males and 35.7% females), about 70% cases were educated (matriculate and higher secondary passed) and remaining illiterate. It was noticed that suicidal and intentional poisoning being a major cause as recorded in 80.2% cases followed by occupational (9.1%), accidental (6.6%), homicidal (1.6%) and unknown (2.5%). The major signs and symptoms reported by the poisoning cases were muscarinic and nicotinic manifestations. ECG abnormalities were recorded in 46 cases (38%); the sinus tachycardia (24%), depression of ST segment and inversion of T wave (7.4%) and sinus bradycardia (6.6%). Plasma and RBCs ChE activities in OP poisoning cases were significantly decreased (p≤0.01). The activities of serum LDH and CK activities were significantly elevated (p≤0.01) in poisoning cases indicating muscular functional impairment due to OP toxicity. In a sub-set of samples, the serum levels of IgA, IgG and circulating immune complexes (C3 and C4) were also found significantly increased (p≤0.01). The findings indicated that administration of atropine with 2-PAM increases the probability of survival although the results showed no significant variation. Logistic regression analysis showed that the survival rate of the cases was about 6 times more when number of days (indirectly the quantum of atropine and 2-PAM received by the cases) increased from 3 days. When duration of atropine administration was divided into 4 quartiles, it was observed that there is significant trend of survival of the cases (63% survival in the 1st quartile, 80% survival for 2nd quartile and 100% for 3rd and 4th quartile). The findings of this study reflect the usefulness of few clinical indices in management of OP pesticide poisoning and also support to impose the restrictions on the access of very toxic pesticides.
The structure of -uranium

During a review of the various structures of uranium, one of us discovered indexing errors that affected a number of the investigations of the β allotrope. These errors have been corrected, and least-squares refinements performed in the three possible space groups, P4_2/mnm, P4_2nm, and P4n2, with resulting R_I values of 0.28, 0.24, and 0.28, respectively. It is concluded that the β-uranium powder data (Thewlis, 1952) cannot be used to determine the correct space group.