Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
"More Than a Game": The Impact of Sport-Based Youth Mentoring Schemes on Developing Resilience toward Violent Extremism

This paper draws upon the findings of an evaluation of “More than a Game”, a sport-focused youth mentoring program in Melbourne, Australia that aimed to develop a community-based resilience model using team-based sports to address issues of identity, belonging, and cultural isolation amongst young Muslim men in order to counter forms of violent extremism. In this essay we focus specifically on whether the intense embodied encounters and emotions experienced in team sports can help break down barriers of cultural and religious difference between young people and facilitate experiences of resilience, mutual respect, trust, social inclusion and belonging. Whilst the project findings are directly relevant to the domain of countering violent extremism, they also contribute to a growing body of literature which considers the relationship between team-based sport, cross-cultural engagement and the development of social resilience, inclusion and belonging in other domains of youth engagement and community-building.
Joint active user detection and channel estimation for massive machine-type communications

These days, we are witnessing that numerous machine-type devices are connected to the internet. Massive connectivity is one of the most important requirements for the next generation 5G networks. Since the complicated scheduling process of current 4G systems causes heavy load and large latency in supporting a large number of devices, the grant-free communication becomes viable option in massive machine type communication (mMTC) systems. In this paper, we propose a joint active user detection (AUD) and channel estimation (CE) technique for grant-free mMTC systems. The proposed algorithm consists of AUD, time-domain channel estimation, and identified user cancellation. Specifically, once an active device is identified, the channel for this device is estimated. Using the active user and channel information, the received signal is refined for the next iteration of AUD process. We show that the proposed iterative AUD and CE algorithm achieves substantial performance gain over the conventional AUD in realistic uplink grant-free mMTC environments.
A Fresh View for Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Wave Propagation

Equations related with wave propagation are reexamined as in certain circumstances law of conservation of energy is not fulfilled even though it is cautiously clarified with the help of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Recently, attempt has also been made to understand certain discrepancies in optical phenomena like diffraction or interference. The purpose of the present investigation, therefore, is to overcome some discrepancies by introducing constants of integration in Maxwell’s Equation. It turns out that the presence of vibrating strings (or store energy) in the medium becomes essential to understand several details of the wave propagation.
Operative management of tubulovillous neoplasms of the duodenum and ampulla

Six patients are described to illustrate the operative management of tubulovillous neoplasms of the duodenum. Pancreaticoduodenectomy is appropriate for associated invasive carcinoma. Transduodenal submucosal excision of tubulovillous neoplasms with resection and reconstruction of the distal bile and pancreatic ducts if necessary is a satisfactory alternative when the neoplasm has not penetrated the muscularis mucosae.
Determination of Serum Proteins and Glucose Concentrations in Clinically Normal and Anemic Awassi Sheep

The aim of the present study was to determine the values of serum Total Proteins (TP), albumin, globulin and glucose concentrations in healthy and iron deficient anemic Awassi sheep. For this purpose, the current study has conducted on 181 normal (73 males and 108 females) and 60 anemic sheep (16 males and 44 females) both groups were subdivided and aged 7 – 48 months in Baghdad, Iraq. The samples were collected from October 2011 until March 2012. Separated sera were investigated for measured parameters. Results have showed that the means ± SE of serum values in normal and anemic sheeps were as follows; TP 61.33 ± 1.08 g/L and 52.59 ± 2.24 g/L, albumin 30.77 ± 0.61 g/L and 25.27 ± 1.15 g/L, globulin 30.55 ± 0.81 g/L and 27.31 ± 1.47 g/L, and glucose 2.36 ± 0.07 mmol/L and 1.63 ± 0.07 mmol/L respectively, with a significant differences (P < 0.05) between normal and anemic values. The values showed significant differences between males and females and also, between normal subgroups themselves. It was concluded that this study recorded reference values of the studied parameters in Iraqi Awassi sheep with significant differences (P<0.05) between normal and anemic, males and females as well as between normal subgroups.
Expression of the c‐met protooncogene in human hepatocellular carcinoma

The c‐met protooncogene is a growth factor receptor with tyrosine kinase activity. Recently the hepatocyte growth factor was identified as the ligand for this receptor. Because the hepatocyte growth factor is a most potent mitogen in hepatocytes, possible involvement of c‐met expression in hepatocarcin genesis is suspected. In this study, we examined c‐met expression in 23 hepatocellular carcinoma cases by means of Northern‐blot analysis and an immunohistochemical study. Northern‐blot analysis revealed c‐met mRNA expression in the tumors of 6 of 19 patients (31.6%); in the immunohistochemical study, c‐met protein was detected in 16 of 23 patients (69.6%). With both methods, c‐met was found to be overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma compared with the surrounding normal liver. Comprehensive analysis showed that c‐met protein expression was correlated with poor‐to‐moderate differentiation of cancer cells (p < 0.05). Tumor proliferative activity of hepatocellular carcinoma was evaluated by means of Ki‐67 labeling index. All cases with increased tumor proliferative activity showed c‐met protein expression, although the elevation of proliferative activity in the c‐met–positive group was not statistically significant. These data suggest that the overexpression of c‐met plays an important role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. (Hepatology 1994;20:1231–1236).
A new interactive guiding system with social networking services at exhibitions

Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to develop a new interactive guiding system allowing people to use their own smart mobile devices, such as smart phones or tablet PCs, to activate the guiding services at the art gallery. The system provided interactions between visitors and exhibit items. It focused on the highly interactive functions between visitors and artworks authors as well as among visitors at both exhibition sites and social network sites (SNSs). Design/methodology/approach – The system used quick response (QR) codes as the context aware elements, Facebook as the platform of SNSs, and smart mobile devices as the human-machine interfaces. Visitors carrying their own smart phones or tablet PCs can activate the guiding services by scanning the QR codes of the interested exhibit items. A system usability scale (SUS) survey was conducted to understand the visitors' perceptions on system usability. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the visitors' and authors' attitudes on releasing m.
The Length of the Combined 3′ Untranslated Region and Poly(A) Tail Does Not Control Rates of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase mRNA Translation in Three Species of Parasitic Protists

ABSTRACT Experimental observations suggested that the length of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) mRNA 3′ end has a role in regulating rates of translation in the parasitic protistsTrypanosoma brucei, Leishmania donovani, andTrichomonas vaginalis. Using a PCR assay for poly(A) tail length, we measured the size of the RNA 3′ end under different growth conditions in all three species. Our results showed that the combined 3′ untranslated region and poly(A) tail of GAPDH mRNA do not vary with different rates of translation.
Isolation and description of eight polymorphic microsatellite loci for the winged‐kelp Alaria nana

Here I report on the isolation of eight microsatellites from the winged‐kelp, Alaria nana, using an enrichment protocol. Using 55 individuals from Tatoosh, WA and complete data at all loci, loci displayed 6–11 alleles with observed and expected heterozygosities of 0.396–0.754, and 0.769–0.872 respectively. Using an isolated, randomly breeding subset, six of the eight loci were determined to be in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. These markers will be useful in assessing population structure in the intertidal and inferring patterns of dispersal.
Automatic open domain information extraction from Indonesian text

Availability of vast amount of digital documents that have surpassed human processing capability calls for an automatic information extraction method from any text document regardless of their domain. Unfortunately, open domain information extraction (open IE) systems are language-specific and there is no published system for Indonesian language. This paper introduces a system to extract entity relations from Indonesian text in triple format using an NLP pipeline, rule-based candidates generator, rule-based token expander and machine-learning-based triple selector. We cross-validate four candidates: logistic regression, SVM, MLP, Random Forest using our dataset to discover that Random Forest is the best classifier for the triple selector achieving 0.60 F1 score (0.62 precision and 0.58 recall). The low score is largely due to the simplistic candidate generation rules and the coverage of dataset.
Summertime carbonaceous aerosols collected in the marine boundary layer of the Arctic Ocean

[1] The chemistry, morphology, and microscale to nanoscale structures of carbonaceous aerosols from the marine boundary layer of the Arctic Ocean were investigated by a variety of electron microscopy techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The relative levels of particles of black carbon (BC) were determined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) absorbed onto BC particles were extracted by the soxhlet extraction method and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results show that the dominant particles of BC are char particles with spherical shape, porous structure, and high sulfur content, which are typically derived from residual oil combustion on ships. The spatial distribution of BC from ship emissions was found to be concentrated around the periphery of the Arctic Ocean, suggesting relatively intensive contamination by ships in the Russian and Canadian Arctic. The abundance of PAHs on BC particles ranges from 142 to 2672 pg/m 3 (mean = 702 pg/m 3 ), which is significantly higher than values previously measured by land-based observation. Thus we find that ship emissions are a potentially important contributor to the PAH levels at some locations in the Arctic Ocean during the summer.
Spiritual and religious beliefs as risk factors for the onset of major depression: an international cohort study

Background Several studies have reported weak associations between religious or spiritual belief and psychological health. However, most have been cross-sectional surveys in the USA, limiting inference about generalizability. An international longitudinal study of incidence of major depression gave us the opportunity to investigate this relationship further. Method Data were collected in a prospective cohort study of adult general practice attendees across seven countries. Participants were followed at 6 and 12 months. Spiritual and religious beliefs were assessed using a standardized questionnaire, and DSM-IV diagnosis of major depression was made using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Logistic regression was used to estimate incidence rates and odds ratios (ORs), after multiple imputation of missing data. Results The analyses included 8318 attendees. Of participants reporting a spiritual understanding of life at baseline, 10.5% had an episode of depression in the following year compared to 10.3% of religious participants and 7.0% of the secular group (p < 0.001). However, the findings varied significantly across countries, with the difference being significant only in the UK, where spiritual participants were nearly three times more likely to experience an episode of depression than the secular group [OR 2.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.59–4.68]. The strength of belief also had an effect, with participants with strong belief having twice the risk of participants with weak belief. There was no evidence of religion acting as a buffer to prevent depression after a serious life event. Conclusions These results do not support the notion that religious and spiritual life views enhance psychological well-being.
Prior exercise and postprandial incretin responses in lean and obese individuals.

PURPOSE The incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) help regulate postprandial triacylglycerol (TAG) and insulin concentrations, but the effects of acute aerobic exercise on GLP-1 or GIP responses are unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether reductions in postprandial TAG and insulin with exercise are associated with GLP-1 and GIP responses. METHODS Thirteen normal-weight (NW) and 13 obese (Ob) individuals participated in two, 4-d trials in random order including an exercise (EX) and a no exercise (NoEX) trial. Diet was controlled during both trials. The EX trial consisted of 1 h of treadmill walking (55%-60% of V˙O2peak) during the evening of day 3 of the trial, 12 h before a 4-h mixed meal test on day 4, during which frequent blood samples were collected to assess postprandial lipemia, glycemia, insulin, C-peptide, GIP, and GLP-1 responses. Insulin secretion was estimated using the insulinogenic index, and insulin clearance was estimated using the ratio of insulin to C-peptide. RESULTS Postprandial TAG were 29% lower after EX in Ob individuals (P < 0.05) but were not significantly altered in NW individuals (P > 0.05). The drop in postprandial HDL cholesterol was attenuated with EX in Ob individuals (P < 0.05). Insulin responses were 14% lower after EX in Ob individuals (P < 0.05), and this was associated with reduced insulin secretion (P < 0.05), with no change in insulin clearance (P > 0.05). Glucose, C-peptide, GIP, and GLP-1 were not different between trials. CONCLUSION A 1-h bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise the night before a mixed meal attenuates TAG and insulin responses in Ob but not NW individuals, an effect not associated with altered GLP-1 or GIP responses.
Children and the Internet: experiments with minimally invasive education in India

Urban children all over the world seem to acquire computing skills without adult intervention. Indeed this form of self-instruction has produced hackers – children who can penetrate high tech security systems. Is this kind of learning dependent only on the availability of technology? We provided slum children in New Delhi with Internet access in their settlement. The paper describes the results obtained in the first month of unsupervised and unguided access. It is observed that children seem to understand and use the technology fluently. Language and formal education do not seem to make any significant difference.
Interactions between Staphylokinase, Plasmin(ogen), and Fibrin

Staphylokinase (STA), a protein of bacterial origin, induces highly fibrin-specific thrombolysis both in human plasma in vitro and in pilot clinical trials. Using fluorescence microscopy, we investigated the spatial distribution of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled STA during lysis of a plasma clot and its binding to purified fibrin clots in the presence or in the absence of plasmin(ogen). STA highly accumulated in a thin superficial layer of the lysing plasma clot following the distribution of plasminogen (Pg) during lysis. Experiments with purified fibrin clots revealed that STA binds to Pg bound to partially degraded fibrin but not to Pg bound to intact fibrin. Binding of FITC-labeled STA to various forms of plasmin(ogen) in a buffer solution was studied by measuring fluorescence anisotropy. The binding constant for Glu-Pg was estimated as 7.4 µM and for Lys-Pg as 0.28 µM; for active-site blocked plasmin the binding constant was less than 0.05 µM. The much lower affinity of STA for Glu-Pg compared with that for active site-blocked plasmin was mainly due to a lower association rate constant, as assessed by real time biospecific interaction analysis. Gel filtration of a mixture of STA with a molar excess of Glu-Pg demonstrated that STA migrated as an unbound 18-kDa protein when activation of Pg into plasmin was precluded by inhibitors of plasmin. When gel-filtered under the same conditions with plasmin, STA migrated in complex with plasmin with an apparent molecular mass of 100 kDa. Confocal fluorescence microscopy finally demonstrated that when FITC-labeled STA was added to plasma before clotting, it did not bind to fibrin fibers during the first minutes (lag phase), although Pg bound to the fibers moderately. Then, both Pg and STA started to accumulate on the fibers progressively, followed by complete lysis of the clot. In conclusion, our results imply that, when STA is added to plasma, only a small percentage associates with Pg. In contrast, STA binds strongly to plasmin and to Pg, which is bound to partially degraded fibrin. These findings add a new mechanism to the known explanations for the inefficient Pg activation by STA in plasma and specify the mechanism for fibrin-dependent activation of Pg.
Online Detection of Gamma Oscillations in Ongoing Intracerebral Recordings: From Functional Mapping to Brain Computer Interfaces

The human brain displays rhythmic neural activity in a variety of frequencies and various spatial distributions in correlation with behavior. A growing body of evidence suggests that specific classes of oscillations can be modified voluntarily by the subject. Such endogenous modulation of brain oscillations is in principle a promising mechanism for direct brain-computer communication provided that it can be detected and decoded in real-time. Here, we investigate the utility of online spectral analysis of intracerebral recordings in an implanted epilepsy patient both from the perspective of functional brain mapping and brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). We found that mental calculation tasks elicited sustained increases in high gamma (30-150 Hz) oscillatory power at electrodes in the right inferior parietal lobule in the vicinity of the right intraparietal sulcus (IPS). Most importantly, the induced gamma modulations were visible online in single trial epochs. Beyond providing novel evidence for the utility of real-time spectral analysis as an additional clinical functional exploration tool, our results also demonstrate, as a proof of concept, the feasibility of a BCI system based on oscillatory gamma activity triggered by higher order cognitive processes such as those involved in mental calculation.
Characterization of patients with high-energy lower extremity trauma.

PURPOSE (a) to report the demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, social, and vocational characteristics of patients enrolled in a study to examine outcomes after high-energy lower extremity trauma (HELET) and to compare them with the general population; (b) to determine whether characteristics of patients undergoing limb salvage versus amputation after HELET are significantly different from each other. DESIGN AND STUDY POPULATION A prospective study of 601 patients admitted with high-energy lower extremity trauma to eight Level I trauma centers. PROCEDURES Patients were evaluated during the initial hospitalization. They are being followed up for 24 months postinjury. Study patients are compared with the general population by using census information, population survey data, and published norms. Characteristics of patients undergoing limb salvage versus amputation are also compared. RESULTS Most patients were male (77 percent), white (72 percent), and between the ages of twenty and forty-five years (71 percent). Seventy percent graduated from high school (compared with 86 percent nationally) (p < 0.05). One fourth lived in households with incomes below the federal poverty line, compared with 16 percent nationally (p < 0.05). The percentage with no health insurance (38 percent) was also higher than in the general population (20 percent) (p < .05). The percentage of heavy drinkers was over two times higher than reported nationally (p < 0.01). Study patients were slightly more neurotic and extroverted and less open to new experiences. When patient characteristics were compared for those undergoing amputation versus limb salvage, no significant differences were found among any of the variables (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, LEAP patients differ in important ways from the general population. However, the decision to amputate verus reconstruct does not appear to be significantly influenced by patient characteristics.
Essays in employment, banking system and structural transformations

Le premier chapitre soutient que dans ces economies om la qualite institutionnelle des lois sur les garanties et les faillites est faible, la collateralisation excessive rend la prise de risque sous-optimalement plus couteuse pour les emprunteurs. Cela decourage le potentiel entrepreneurial et entrave ainsi la croissance potentielle de jeunes entreprises ayant un impact important sur la creation d’emplois dans l’economie.Le deuxieme chapitre met l’accent sur le canal de «deconnexion». La region du MENA est caracterisee par une proportion inhabituellement elevee d’entreprises qui n’ont pas besoin de financement. Ces entreprises sont moins susceptible de considerer l’acces au credit comme une preoccupation majeure, sont moins susceptibles d’avoir acquis des immobilisations, et sont moins susceptibles de prevoir une operation de developpement.Ces resultats tiennent egalement en tenant compte de l’ensemble des caracteristiques standard des entreprises. Nous etudions ensuite comment la politique de collateralisation impact les performances des entreprises a travers le canal de «deconnexion». Dans le troisieme chapitre, je passe a un echantillon de pays de l’OCDE. Une litterature croissante souligne le role du commerce avec les economies emergentes, en particulier la Chine, dans la destruction des emplois dans le secteur manufacturier comme le processus de desindustrialisation des les economies avancees. Cependant, pour quantifier la pertinence de l’exposition aux importations en provenances des marches emergents, nous devons demeler le canal commercial du canal de productivite traditionnel. Dans ce chapitre, nous developpons un modele simple du changement structurel dans une economie ouverte pour en deduire des implications empiriques que nous analysons pour un echantillon de pays de l’OCDE. Dans les economies ouvertes, lorsque la croissance de la productivite de l’industrie nationale est plus rapide que celle des services,mais plus lente que celle de l’industrie etrangere, alors la part industrielle peut diminuer dans les economies avancees, tant en valeur ajoutee qu’en emploi. Nous appelons ce phenomene «double desindustrialisation». Nous trouvons des effets significatifs et quantitativement pertinents du commerce sur le changement structurel dans les economies avancees. En outre, alors que de nombreuses etudes etudient l’acceleration de l’ampleur des importations en provenance de Chine depuis 2000 pour expliquer le modele de desindustrialisation dans les economies avancees, nous soulignons que le changement de la composition des exportations chinoises vers les secteurs des technologies d’information et de communication et la naturante changeante du progres technologique dans les economies emergentes pourrait contribuer a la comprehension du phenomene de desindustrialisation de l’apres 2000.