Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Centrosome Controls the Number and Spatial Distribution of Microtubules by Negatively Regulating Alternative MTOCs

In this work, we have investigated in mammalian cells how microtubule nucleation at centrosome and Golgi apparatus are coordinated, using genetic ablation of three γ-TuRC binding proteins -AKAP450, Pericentrin and CDK5Rap2- and the PLK4 inhibitor centrinone. We show that centrosomal microtubule nucleation is independent of Golgi activity whereas the converse is not true: nucleation on the Golgi negatively correlates with the number of centrosomes. In addition, depleting AKAP450 in cells lacking centrioles, that abolishes Golgi nucleation activity, leads to microtubule nucleation from numerous cytoplasmic Golgi-unbound acentriolar structures containing Pericentrin, CDK5Rap2 and y-tubulin. Strikingly, centrosome-less cells display twice higher microtubule density than normal cells, suggesting that the centrosome controls the spatial distribution of microtubules, not only by nucleating them, but also by acting as a negative regulator of alternative MTOCs. Collectively, the data reveals a hierarchical control of microtubule nucleation, with the centrosome regulating this process in a more complex manner than usually thought. It also unveils mechanisms that could help understanding MT network reorganization during cell differentiation.
MUC1 as a discriminator between endometrium from fertile and infertile patients with PCOS and endometriosis.

CONTEXT Endometrium of fertile women expresses progesterone-regulated Mucin 1 (MUC1) that carries selectin ligands recognized by the human blastocyst. Altered MUC1 expression at the time of implantation may contribute to endometrial infertility. OBJECTIVE The aim was to assess the expression of MUC1 in the endometrium from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and fertile women in comparison with other hormone-regulated proteins [hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) 1, HSD2, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR)]. DESIGN AND PATIENTS Endometrial samples were obtained from 33 fertile patients, 26 ovulatory PCOS patients, 15 anovulatory PCOS patients, and 25 endometriosis patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Immunohistochemistry assessed the expression of MUC1 subunits ER, PR, HSD1, and HSD2 in endometrial epithelium. Endometrial MUC1 expression was quantified by immunoblots and RT-PCR. HSD1 and HSD2 expression was assayed by RT-PCR. RESULTS MUC1ND expression was significantly higher in ovulatory PCOS than in fertile and anovulatory PCOS patients, even after progesterone stimulation. MUC1ND and -CD expression was lower in anovulatory PCOS than in fertile patients. Only MUC1CD expression was lower in endometriosis patients. Endometrial ER expression was significantly higher in PCOS and endometriosis patients, whereas PR expression was significantly higher in PCOS than in fertile patients. The expression of HSD1 was significantly higher in anovulatory PCOS than in fertile patients. Expression of HSD2 was significantly higher in PCOS patients and lower in endometriosis patients. CONCLUSION Expression of MUC1 subunits in the infertile endometrium is significantly different from fertile and appears to be a component of altered gene expression that potentially contributes to endometrial insufficiency.
Ultrathin Cryosections: An Important Tool for Immunofluorescence and Correlative Microscopy1

Here we show that ultrathin cryosections of placental tissue can be used as a substrate in immunofluorescence experiments. A high degree of spatial resolution can be achieved in these preparations because there is essentially no out-of-focus fluorescence. Therefore, immunofluorescence microscopy using ultrathin cryosections provides a very useful method for determining the precise subcellular localization of antigens in tissues. In addition, ultrathin cryosections of placenta also serve as a substrate for correlative immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy using FluoroNanogold as the detection system. In correlative microscopy, the exact same structures in the same ultrathin section were observed by both fluorescence and electron microscopy. Using a particle counting procedure and electron microscopy, we compared the labeling obtained with colloidal gold and FluoroNanogold and found a higher number of particles with silver-enhanced FluoroNanogold than with colloidal gold.
Observations on the Biological Effects of Black Cumin Seed (Nigella sativa) and Green Tea (Camellia sinensis)

The biological effect of Black Cumin seed (Nigella sativa; Ns) and Green tea (Camellia sinensis; GT) has been tested using antiviral, anti-cancer, anti-angiogenic and antioxidant assays. Results showed that Ns and GT have antiviral activity against Infectious Laryngotrachietis Virus (ILTV) at concentration of 35 and 4.22 µM, respectively. Also, both plants protected rats from Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced hepatocellular adenoma. Moreover, Ns showed inhibition rate of 80 and 65% at concentration of 80µM, while GT showed respective values of 75 and 45% and 90 µM on Hella and Vero cells. Ns and GT showed marked anti-angiogenic activity on endothelial cells of rat's aorta as well as antioxidant activity by Diphenyl Picryl Hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, Nitric Oxide (NO) radical inhibition assay and lipid peroxidation assay. Current data augmented the efficacy of Nigilla sativa and green tea as remedies for viral diseases, cancer, angiogenetic disorders and oxidative stress.
Does the spin-off policy can accelerate the deposit funds in the Indonesian Islamic banking industry?

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of spin-off policy that based on Islamic Banking Act No. 21/2008 to the deposit fund growth of Islamic banking industry in Indonesia. This research used panel regression with fixed effect. The variable used in this paper is spin-off variable that used as a dummy variable, and also included the internal factor of industry such as deposit margin, and efficiency ratio (measured by BOPO). Besides the internal element, this research also added the external factor such as economic growth rate, and net interest margin from conventional banking. The result showed that the dummy spin-off variable, operational efficiency ratio (BOPO) and growth rate had an impact on the deposit funds in four Islamic banks. The implication of this result is spin-off policy had a good effect on the growth of deposit funds in Indonesian Islamic banking industry. Spin-off decision is one of the business strategies from Islamic banks and not the goal of Islamic banking industry. Corresponding author: M Nur Rianto Al Arif Email address for corresponding author: nur.rianto@uinjkt.ac. id First submission received: 1st November 2017 Revised submission received: 29th January 2018 Accepted: 13th March 2018 Introduction This study found that there is a difference in deposit funds at the spin-off’s banks between before and after the spin-off. This research is consistent with Al Arif (2014) that also found that there is a difference in deposit funds at Islamic banking industry between before and after the spin-off. The differences between these studies with previous research are on the object of study. This study uses the object on spin-offs' banks, whereas previous studies focused on data at the industry level. But, this research is different with Al Arif et al. (2017) that found that there is no impact of spin-off policy on the deposit funds. Islamic economic development in Indonesia characterized by the presence of Bank of Muamalat Indonesia as the first Islamic bank in Indonesia in 1992 and then followed by the presence of various Islamic financial institutions. Market share of Islamic banking in Indonesia today is still relatively small, only 5% of total bank assets national. The number of Islamic bank customer today just about 3 million people, though the number of Muslims to be potential consumers Islamic banks more than 100 million people. Thus, the majority of Muslims have not associated with Islamic banks. Table 1 shows the growth of Islamic banking industry in Indonesia, until the end of 2016, there are 13 Islamic full-pledge banks, 21 Islamic business units, and 166 Islamic rural banks. From 13 Islamic full-pledge banks, five banks are the result of spin-off decision, either by acquisition and merger or pure spin-off. Table 1. Islamic banking network 2007 2008 2009 201
Customer Relationship Management to Customer Value & Customer Loyalty of Fixed Broadband: Study Case on Fixed Broadband Company in Indonesia

The increase of fixed broadband penetration can increase a country’s economic growth. Indonesian fixed broadband usage density still lags far behind other countries. This condition becomes a great opportunity for operators in marketing fixed broadband products. The different offers and services of each fixed broadband operator in Indonesia will have an impact on the ease of acquiring and maintaining customer loyalty levels. The unstable number of subscribers (unsubscribing/switch to other operator) is increasing year by year. This condition can be caused by customer value perceived by the customer that is inferior because the management of customer relationship management is less good. The method used is descriptive and explanatory. The unit of analysis is the last customer of four broadband operators in Indonesia. Time horizon is cross-sectional, where the research is conducted simultaneously. The survey data are collected from questionnaires to fixed broadband subscribers and through focus group discussions and interviews with managers related to the object study. Data are analyzed descriptively and quantitatively and this research uses quantitative research design using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings show that the effect of customer relationship management on customer loyalty through customer value is significant.
Monitoring breastfeeding rates and setting local targets: the Glasgow experience.

OBJECTIVE The objective was to provide baseline data on infant feeding intention and practice in Glasgow. DESIGN Information was collected from a prospective cohort of women who booked for maternity care in Glasgow during the months November 1995 and May 1996. Figures on feeding intention and practice were collected at five points from maternity booking until six weeks postnatal age. SETTING Women were recruited at the four maternity units in Glasgow. Follow-up information was collected at birth, discharge from the maternity hospital at four days, and then at 12 days at home by the community midwife, and finally at six weeks by the health visitor. SUBJECTS One thousand seven hundred and ninety two women were recruited at maternity booking. Breastfeeding information was available at birth for 1723, at discharge for 1743, at 12 days for 1513, and at six weeks for 1394. Multiple logistic regression determined maternal and infant factors predicting feeding intention and duration. RESULTS At booking 50% planned to breastfeed. Fifty percent breastfed at birth; by four days the rate had dropped to 42%, by 12 days to 36% and by six weeks to 27%. Five factors: deprivation score, maternal age, parity, maternal smoking and previous breastfeeding experience independently predicted feeding intention. Maternal factors explained differences in breastfeeding rates between the four hospitals. CONCLUSION Original breastfeeding targets for Glasgow have been revised to take account of local circumstances. An alternative method using routinely collected data is needed to monitor progress.
A single naturally processed measles virus peptide fully dominates the HLA‐A*0201‐associated peptide display and is mutated at its anchor position in persistent viral strains

We studied the natural MHC class I display of measles virus (MV) epitopes. Peptide ligands associated with HLA‐A*0201 were purified from a B lymphoblastoid cell line prior to and after infection with MV. Infection‐induced peptides were revealed using microcapillary reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization / mass spectrometry (μLC‐ESI / MS) by subtraction of the "infected" and "uninfected" ion traces. Three naturally processed viral epitopes derived from different MV proteins were identified through tandem MS sequencing. These peptides were expressed at widely divergent levels of HLA‐peptide complexes, but had similar binding capacities to HLA‐A*0201. The most abundant viral peptide species, identified as residues 84 – 92 (KLWESPQEI) of the MV nonstructural C protein, was expressed at an unprecedented high density (> 105 copies per cell) and was immunogenic in HLA‐A2 / Kb‐transgenic mice. Furthermore, natural mutants of this epitope, occurring in persistent lethal MV strains, were shown to have lost their HLA‐A*0201 binding capacity. Thus, here we report for the first time the direct discovery through μLC‐ESI / MS of a uniquely dominant viral HLA class I ligand, KLWESPQEI, with features eligible for immune selection pressure.
Mechanism of percutaneous absorption. V. Percutaneous absorption of solvent deposited solids.

Under normal conditions the stratum corneum in vivo is very much less hydrated than the excised tissue routinely used in laboratory permeability experiments. As a consequence, certain quantitative predictions of skin permeability based on laboratory experiments are not applicable to many cases of clinical and practical interest. In this study a modified in vitro permeability technique was used which permitted the hydration of the stratum corneum to be maintained very close to its natural state. Penetrant molecules were applied by adding a few microliters of acetone solution to the stratum corneum surface. The acetone quickly evaporated leaving a residue of solid penetrant. The time course of penetration of the solid material through the epidermis was observed as a function of applied dose, mild hydration, and solvent contact time. Remarkably steady, uniform penetration persisting over several weeks was observed. Generally, the penetration rates were similar to those observed in vivo and increased in a similar manner upon occlusion. Diffusion through the stratum corneum rather than sorption of the solid at the surface appears to be rate limiting.
Small-scale spatial genetic structure in Scopalina lophyropoda, an encrusting sponge with philopatric larval dispersal and frequent fission and fusion events

Insight from the spatial genetic structure (SGS) of a species is fundamental to under- standing the patterns of effective dispersal and gene flow among its populations. Despite the ecolog- ical importance of sponges and the variety of reproduction and dispersal strategies they present, which can strongly influence SGS, there is only 1 study assessing small-scale SGS in sponges. That species had a continuous distribution and relatively wide-scale larval dispersal. Here we study the contribution of sexual and asexual reproduction, and the breeding and mating system to the SGS of a sponge species, Scopalina lophyropoda, with a patchy distribution and more limited larval disper- sal. All individuals from 3 populations were mapped and genetically characterised for 7 microsatel- lite loci. The extent of clonality was minor (ca. 7%), possibly caused by a balance between fissions and fusions. The scarce clonality did not contribute to the SGS, which was analysed by autocorrela- tion statistics at both the ramet (including clones) and the genet (excluding clones) levels. The spatial autocorrelation analyses elicited a pattern of strong SGS at the small scale, confirming the predic- tions of philopatric larval dispersal, which fosters isolation by distance. All these patterns, however, contrast with the conspicuous lack of inbreeding detected in the populations, which is in agreement with recent data on other marine modular invertebrates and confirms that strong SGS does not necessarily imply inbreeding.
Neurophysiological processing of aberrant physical salience in schizotypy and schizophrenia

Background: Aberrant salience in schizophrenia is mainly attributed to excessive dopaminergic reward processing in the ventral striatum (Kapur 2003). In addition, a recent study investigating early sensory processing indicated that increased gamma power evoked by physically-salient stimuli is associated with positive trait schizotypy (Kornmayer et al. 2015). Accordingly, the present study was intended to investigate early processing of physically salient stimuli in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: The early evoked visual gamma-band response at 40Hz (GBR) was assessed for a schizophrenia patient group (N = 22) and a matched healthy control group (N = 22) applying EEG time-frequency analysis. The evoked GBR was assessed for two conditions within a visual detection paradigm: a non salient target-only condition and a physically-salient distracter condition. GBR power was assessed for both groups and conditions and evaluated in relation to five dimensions of the PANSS symptom score (Van der Gaag, 2006). Results: A 2 x 2 ANOVA revealed a significant interaction of group and condition for the early visual GBR, with highest power for schizophrenia patients in the physically-salient distracter condition. Moreover, evoked GBR power in this condition was correlated with positive (r =.738; p < .0001**) and disorganized (r = .690; p < .0001**) schizophrenia symptoms. Conclusions: An increase of evoked GBR power during processing of physical salience in schizophrenia was associated with more positive symptoms. We suggest that abnormal processing of physically-salient stimuli might be involved in the pathophysiological genesis of positive symptoms.
Delayed haematological complications of mustard gas

Haematopoiesis could be affected by mustard gas. We randomly selected 318 chemical victims exposed to mustard gas and compared their cell blood counts and peripheral blood smears (PBS) with those of 377 healthy men, and also various haematological indices of 57 of these victims compared with previous data 5 years ago.
Phase relationships of S‐type granite with H2O to 35 kbar: Muscovite granite from Harney Peak, South Dakota

Muscovite granite (13.8% muscovite, 4.8% normative corundum) was reacted, with varying percentages of H_2O, in cold-seal vessels at 2 kbar and in piston-cylinder apparatus between 10 and 35 kbar. The diagrams illustrating melting/crystallization relationships are: P-T sections with both excess H_2O and with no H_2O added (0.66% H_2O in rock); T-X_(H_2O) sections at 15 kbar and 25 kbar showing H_2O-undersaturated conditions; the H_2O-undersaturated surface for the crystallization of quartz/coesite (small amounts of aluminosilicate minerals persist to higher temperatures). Glass compositions measured by electron microprobe from samples with 5% H_2O at 15 kbar confirm that liquids are syenitic through at least 100°C above the solidus, as predicted from the effect of pressure on the Residua System. Results are explained successfully by phase relationships involving muscovite, quartz, and orthoclase in K_2O-Al_2O_3-SiO_2-H_2O, with reactions depicted in a P_(total)-P_(e_(H_2O))-T model, with special reference to the divariant surfaces in the region P_(e_(H_2O)) < P_(total). With reduced P_(e_(H_2O)) (or a_(H_2O)), produced either by small amounts of H_2O (and H_2O-undersaturation) or by CO_2 + H_2O mixtures, subsolidus dehydration reaction temperatures decrease, vapor-present solidus temperatures increase, and muscovite stability in presence of liquid increases. In general, muscovite, biotite, and amphibole can be precipitated from magmas containing only a few tenths per cent H_2O (although the H_2O-undersaturated liquids coexisting with crystals may contain 3% or more dissolved H_2O). This particular granite cannot be a primary magma from mantle or subducted oceanic crust. It is a possible product of partial fusion of pelitic rocks between about 20 km and 40 km depth given sufficient H2O, and xenocrystal muscovite or sillimanite from the source rocks. The phase relationships are consistent with the idea of S-type granites, but not sufficient to prove the origin of this rock. Additional tests require phase relationships of other associated granitic rocks, and details of geochemistry, geophysics, and field relationships.
The diffusion of a policy innovation in the energy sector: evidence from the collective switching case in Europe

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the heterogeneity of ways through which a policy innovation affects the structure and the complex interactions taking place within a business ecosystem and how different business ecosystems react differently to a policy innovation, given their structural and behavioural characteristics. The paper focuses on a specific policy innovation, namely the collective switching. We performed a cross-country analysis using the 6C framework as a tool for identifying differences in the structure and behaviours of energy business ecosystems after the introduction of collective switching. We examined in rich detail 11 European countries’ collective switching campaigns, and provide an accurate description of the transformations of their energy business ecosystems. Semi-structured interviews, conducted with consumer associations that organised collective switching campaigns, provide insights for the definition of some policy interventions.
The Role of Serum VCAM‐1 and TNF‐α as Predictors of Mortality and Morbidity in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

To assess the prognostic significance of four inflammatory markers (TNF‐α, high sensitive C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), intercellular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1)) in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients with respect to individual outcomes, especially disease exacerbation and mortality.
The Dynamics of NASPAA Accreditation: A Challenge for Organizational Expansion?

Abstract For many years, graduate programs have sought to improve the standards within their departments. In many cases, national and regional organizations have been set up to regulate and ensure that these standards are met. In the case of graduate education in public affairs and administration, the National Association of Schools of Public Affairs and Administration (NASPAA) is the regulatory body. This study uses NASPAA data and a mail survey to examine what factors determine whether institutional members of NASPAA are accredited. NASPAA grew rapidly in the 1970s and moved quite smoothly to a formal accreditation process during the 1980s.Yet the growth of institutional members has been fairly slow since 1980; and, at present, more than 40 percent of the institutional members are not accredited. Our data indicate that faculty size, institutional autonomy, and program emphasis all exert significant influences on the likelihood that a program is accredited.This suggests targets of opportunity for efforts to increase the accreditation rate of NASPAA’s institutional members.